bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective of a novel technique for sensitive skin treatment with optimal pulse technology: A clinical study
Authors: Yuan Jiachen , Gao Yang , Li Zhouna , Nan Meilan , Liu Jian , Jin Zhehu , Jin Chenglong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsPhotomodulation is a non‐photothermal effect that mobilizes energy and regulates cell activity at the mitochondrial level, and has been used to treat sensitive skin (SS) in recent years. Based on the photomodulated effect of optimal pulse technology (OPT), we developed a novel treatment mode (advanced OPT with low energy, three pulses, long pulse width, AOPT‐LTL) for the treatment of facial SS and evaluated its effectiveness.MethodsA total of thirty Chinese women with SS were included in this study. Patients were received different times of AOPT‐LTL treatment with an interval of 2 to 4 weeks depending on the severity. Clinical improvement was evaluated by comparing baseline and post‐treatment photographs. In addition, the skin objective signs and subjective symptoms, as well as adverse events and patient satisfaction were also analyzed and tabulated.ResultsAll included patients completed the treatment and follow‐up period. After one course of treatment, 76.7% of patients had a Symptom Score Reducing Index (SSRI) >20%, suggesting that the treatment was effective. Within two courses of treatment, all patients had SSRI >20%, demonstrating significant improvement in skin sensitivity. The analysis of clinical photographs showed that facial dryness, desquamation, flushing, and skin color significantly improved, capillary density decreased, the dilated capillaries were retracted. During the treatment period, no obvious adverse reactions occurred in any patients, and the patients’ satisfaction was high.ConclusionsThis novel technique of AOPT‐LTL might be an effective and safe modality for the treatment of SS.
Participation in (non)salient linguistic change over the lifespan: An examination of panel speakers’ life stories
Authors: Mougeon Raymond , Rehner Katherine , Mougeon Françoise 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses linguistic change over the lifespan by examining two cases of variation in the speech of the minority Francophone community of Welland, Ontario: (i) consequence markersso, fait que, alors, anddonc(“therefore”) and (ii) markers of restrictionjuste,seulement que, (r)ien que, and (ne…)que(“only”). Using two sociolinguistic corpora collected 40 years apart, this paper first examines the impact of social factors on both cases at the community level, revealing thatsoandjusteare rising at the expense of their competitors, and documenting differences in the speed of each rise and in the social marking of the rising variant. Second, it examines whether 12 speakers recorded in both corpora are participating in each rise, revealing important interindividual differences, including, for some, patterns of age‐grading that go against the community trends. Explanations for these patterns are linked to the 12 speakers’ sociolinguistic life stories.
Health of children in Australian immigration detention centres: An analysis of the quarterly health reports from 2014 to 2017
Authors: Essex Ryan , Kalocsányiová Erika , Scott James G , Pacella Rosana 
Published: January 2022

AimThis study examines 3 years of child and adolescent health data from Australian onshore and offshore immigration detention centres from 2014 to 2017, quantifying the health presentation data of children and adolescents in Australian immigration detention and comparing rates between onshore and offshore detention.MethodsThis study utilised the Quarterly Immigration Detention Health Reports over a period of 3 years. To compare onshore and offshore datasets, we calculated the rate of health events per quarter against the estimated quarterly onshore and offshore detention population of children. We ran a series of two‐proportion z‐tests for each matched quarter to calculate median z and P values for all quarters. These were used as an indicator as to whether the observed differences between onshore and offshore events were statistically significant.ResultsThe estimated number of children detained per quarter onshore ranged from 700 in 2014 (quarter 3) to 13 in 2016 (quarters 3 and 4); the estimated quarterly population of children in offshore detention ranged from 186 in 2014 (quarter 3) to 42 in 2017 (quarter 2). Children offshore had significantly higher rates of consultations with a mental health nurse (z = −1.96; P = 0.002), psychologist (z = −2.32; P = 0.01) and counsellor (z = −3.41; P < 0.001). As for reasons for presentation to general practitioners and psychiatrists, complaints related to skin (z = −1.97; P = 0.05), respiratory issues (z = −1.96; P = 0.05) and urological issues (z = −2.21; P = 0.03) were significantly higher amongst children detained offshore.ConclusionsCompared to children in the Australian community, children detained both onshore and offshore had greater health needs. Children offshore also presented more frequently with a range of complaints and accessed health services at higher rates than children detained onshore; this adds to growing evidence about the harms of offshore detention and detention more generally.
Serum haptoglobin concentration and liver enzyme activity as indicators of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and survival of sick calves
Authors: Jaramillo Camilo , Renaud David L. , Arroyo Luis G. , Kenney Daniel G. , Gamsjaeger Lisa , Gomez Diego E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundIncreased concentration of haptoglobin (Hp) in serum is associated with survival of critically ill humans and horses. High serum activity of liver‐derived enzyme is associated with sepsis in children and foals.Hypothesis/ObjectivesInvestigate whether admission serum Hp and glutamic dehydrogenase (GLDH) are associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and survival of sick calves.AnimalsOne hundred two calves.MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional study. Electronic medical records from all calves <30 days of age admitted to a teaching hospital for 8 years were reviewed. The signalment, clinicopathological findings, the presence of SIRS, final diagnosis, hospitalization time and outcome were recorded. A Cox proportional hazard ratio (HzR) were calculated to assess the association between clinicopathological variables and survival to discharge.ResultsSerum Hp concentrations were similar between SIRS (0.29 g/L; range, 0.05‐3.6) and non‐SIRS calves (0.22 g/L; range, 0‐4.2; P = .62). GLDH activity was similar between SIRS (12 U/L; range, 1‐1025) and non‐SIRS calves (9 U/L; range, 2‐137; P = .2). Absent suckle reflex (HzR: 6.44, 95% CI: 1.44‐28.86), heart rate (HR) < 100 beats per minute (bpm; HzR: 12.2; 95% CI: 2.54‐58.62), HR > 140 bpm (HzR: 3.59, 95% CI: 1.05‐12.33), neutrophil count <1.7 × 109/L (HzR: 7.36; 95% CI: 2.03‐26.66) and increased gamma‐glutamyl transferase activity (every 50‐unit, HzR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03‐1.21) were predictive of nonsurvival.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe use of Hp and GLDH for prediction of survival in sick calves cannot be recommended at this time.
Pumas Puma concolor as ecological brokers: a review of their biotic relationships
Authors: LaBarge Laura R. , Evans Michael J. , Miller Jennifer R. B. , Cannataro Gillian , Hunt Christian , Elbroch L. Mark 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The puma Puma concolor is the fourth largest wild felid and the most widespread native terrestrial mammal of the Americas. We synthesised published literature documenting the biotic interactions of pumas, in order to: 1) advance our understanding of the ecological roles pumas play in natural systems, and 2) support strategic decision‐making about conservation investments, public education, and whole‐ecosystem conservation management.

We divided puma biotic interactions into five categories: 1) diet and prey regulation, 2) fear effects on prey (including trophic cascades), 3) effects via carrion production, 4) effects on other carnivores, and 5) ecosystem services. We reviewed 162 studies that met our search criteria, which described 543 ecological interactions between pumas and 485 other species.

Puma diet and prey regulation was the most common research topic. The geographic distribution of research was highly skewed towards the USA and Canada, and research in Tropical moist forests was underrepresented. We found a steep increase in the number of scientific publications exploring the biotic interactions associated with pumas over time, but publications that reported effect sizes or measured the strength of interactions did not increase as quickly. We noted numerous gaps in our knowledge of puma biotic interactions and found few well‐controlled studies of prey fear effects, trophic cascades, or ecosystem services.

We conclude that pumas are influential ecological actors in natural systems and important brokers of energy and nutrients throughout ecosystems in the Western Hemisphere, linking disparate species from many trophic levels. Ultimately, we found evidence for investing in and prioritising the protection and restoration of puma populations to conserve biodiversity in the Americas.
Comparative analysis of the orange versus yellow petal of rapeseed (Brassica napus) using UPLC‐HESI‐MS/MS and transcriptome analysis
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Shen Shulin , Yin Nengwen , Liu Haidong , Du Dezhi , Li Jiana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe petal colour of rapeseed plants is usually yellow but can range from milky white to orange or pink, making petal colour a popular target in rapeseed breeding programmes. In this study, metabolites and RNA were extracted from the yellow (Bn‐Y) and orange (Bn‐O) petal colour lines in rapeseed. Chromatography analysis, RNA‐Seq and quantitative RT‐PCR analysis were conducted. A total of 89 differential metabolites including 64 down‐regulated and 25 up‐regulated metabolites were identified in the petals of orange versus yellow rapeseed by UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. A total of 168 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the petals of Bn‐O versus Bn‐Y plants. KEGG functional annotation and quantitative RT‐PCR analysis showed that BnaC08g39510D and BnaA09g10680D expression was significantly higher in orange petals than in yellow and that BnaC09g07880D and BnaC09g08690D were strongly expressed in yellow petals but were not expressed in orange petals. These results will be useful for further understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying petal colour and provide the theoretical and practical basis for breeding varieties with colourful petals.
Nuclear and peroxisomal targeting of catalase
Authors: Al‐Hajaya Yousef , Karpinska Barbara , Foyer Christine H. , Baker Alison 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCatalase is a well‐known component of the cellular antioxidant network, but there have been conflicting conclusions reached regarding the nature of its peroxisome targeting signal. It has also been reported that catalase can be hijacked to the nucleus by effector proteins of plant pathogens. Using a physiologically relevant system where native untagged catalase variants are expressed in a cat2‐1 mutant background, the C terminal most 18 amino acids could be deleted without affecting activity, peroxisomal targeting or ability to complement multiple phenotypes of the cat2‐1 mutant. In contrast, converting the native C terminal tripeptide PSI to the canonical PTS1 sequence ARL resulted in lower catalase specific activity. Localisation experiments using split superfolder green fluorescent protein revealed that catalase can be targeted to the nucleus in the absence of any pathogen effectors, and that C terminal tagging in combination with alterations of the native C terminus can interfere with nuclear localisation. These findings provide fundamental new insights into catalase targeting and pave the way for exploration of the mechanism of catalase targeting to the nucleus and its role in non‐infected plants.
Attachment anxiety, tracking accuracy, and biased memory of prior relationship evaluations
Authors: Chang Valerie T. , Overall Nickola C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCurrent and recent relationship evaluations offer important information about the strength and stability of relationships. The diagnostic value of relationship evaluations should motivate people to accurately recall recent changes in relationship quality (tracking accuracy) but may also increase sensitivity to times of low relationship quality (directional bias). Such a vigilant pattern of tracking accuracy and negatively biased memories of relationship quality should be amplified for those high in attachment anxiety. The current study used repeated assessments to compare memories of relationship quality across several weeks with actual evaluations of relationship quality gathered in prior weeks (787 weekly reports, N = 113, 94% women). People high in attachment anxiety more accurately tracked the ups and downs of past relationship quality, but also remembered times of low relationship quality to be lower than actually reported. People high in attachment anxiety also experienced greater depressed moods across weeks when they remembered their relationship quality more negatively. These results have important implications for understanding inconsistencies in prior research and the links between attachment anxiety and depressed mood.
Implementing public health nursing training for Ireland's National Healthy Childhood Programme
Authors: Mulcahy Helen , Brennan Carmel , Pardy Anne , McCormack Brenda , Heslin Julie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPublic health nurses (PHNs) in Ireland provide preventative child health. An evidence‐based National Healthy Childhood Program (NHCP) has been in development since 2016. The final program implementation, including training all PHNs coincided with the Covid‐19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo describe implementation and evaluation of a blended training program for PHNsDesignThe evaluation used quantitative and qualitative methods underpinned by an implementation science framework to assess the training program. The three‐phase blended training was led by a Training and Resources implementation team. Data from a national cohort of PHNs (n = 1671) who completed training were descriptively analysed.ResultsThe majority of PHNs completed a suite of four online units (phase 1), as well as self‐directed and asynchronous content in phase 2. Results of phase 2 indicated it met participant needs in terms of knowledge but outstanding needs in terms of skills remained. Phase 3 (a modified Face to Face Clinical Skills Review) was completed by 1671 PHNs over a 5‐month period in 2020. Evaluation was very positive in terms of organisation and usefulness for practice.ConclusionsDespite challenges the NHCP training implementation goals were met. A well‐designed blended learning training program met service delivery imperatives and PHN needs.
Policy composition and adoption duration: Capturing conflict in the legislative process
Authors: Chen Catherine , Heikkila Tanya , Weible Christopher M. , Yordy Jill , Yi Hongtao , Berardo Ramiro , Kagan Jennifer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe way in which public policies are composed may lead to conflicts that manifest in an extended policymaking duration. This paper explores the associations between policy composition and the relative duration for policies to be adopted in 15 U.S. state legislatures. We treat policy passage duration as an indicator of policy conflicts in the legislative process. We adapt the institutional grammar tool (IGT) to examine how 168 oil and gas development policies are composed and gauge the association between the content of these policies and the speed of their adoption. We find policies that are more stringent, contain more constitutive rules, target issues related to oil and gas operations or tax and finance take relatively longer to pass. These findings offer theoretical insights into the relationships between policy composition and policy adoption duration. They also provide methodological insights on measuring policy design components using a semi‐automated application of the IGT.
Investigation of procalcitonin and beta‐defensin2 in the serum and feces of dogs with acute diarrhea
Authors: Neumann Stephan , Steingräber Lilith , Herold Lisa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute diarrhea is a common clinical condition where clinical parameters are used to assess disease severity, course, and prognosis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate procalcitonin (PCT) and beta‐defensin2 (Bdef2) as biomarkers for disease severity, course, and prognosis of dogs with acute diarrhea.MethodsDogs with acute diarrhea (enteritis group [EG], n = 35) were compared with 30 healthy controls. The dogs in the EG were scored using the Canine Acute Diarrhea Severity (CADS) index and grouped by bacterial fecal culture results. Procalcitonin and Bdef2 were analyzed in serum and feces.ResultsDogs with acute diarrhea showed higher serum PCT concentrations (P < 0.0001) and lower fecal Bdef2 concentrations (P = 0.0001) than unaffected dogs. Serum PCT was moderately and positively related to the extent of disease classified by the CADS score. Dogs with Clostridium perfringens or hemolyzing Escherichia coli as predominant pathogen had increased serum Bdef2 concentrations (P < 0.01). Differentiation between uncomplicated (≤3 days) and complicated (>3 days) disease courses, determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, resulted in a sensitivity of 0.74 and a specificity of 0.69 for serum PCT at a cutoff of 3.9 ng/mL. The serum PCT and fecal Bdef2 quotient resulted in a sensitivity of 0.80 and a specificity of 0.92, with a cutoff of 80.5.ConclusionsThe results of the present study indicate that PCT and Bdef2 are potential biomarkers that can provide information on the severity, course, and prognosis of acute diarrhea in dogs.
Management of agricultural saline drainage using system dynamics approach
Authors: Nozari Hamed , Liaghat Abdol Majid , Azadi Saeed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAgricultural drainage water quality changes over time until it reaches a balance. In areas with shallow and saline groundwater, it might take several years to reach a balance. In such cases, knowledge of the quantity and quality of drainage water is necessary to manage it. The drainage water generated must then be managed for reuse purposes where it is of suitable quality and is finally discharged or disposed of. In this paper, the system dynamics technique was used to manage this drainage water. The study used the system dynamic programming tool VENSIM. The model developed in this study is capable of managing drainage water by combination of existing solutions such as mixture of irrigation water, used for downstream and cultivation of salt tolerant plants, used for irrigation of salt‐friendly plant, discharged into a river and discharged to evaporation ponds, simultaneously. The model was run using actual data for Khuzestan Province of Iran. The results showed that the model could be an opportunity for the design and management of drainage systems.
ZnO‐based composite catalysts for photocatalytic degradation of reactive black 5, and the optimization of process parameters
Authors: Shokati fard Elahe , Baseri Hadi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDye contaminated wastewaters show serious harm to the environment, and therefore, they have been becoming the focus of environmental protection and scientific research. In this study, the removal of reactive black dye from the contaminated solution was investigated by photo Fenton‐like degradation process using ZnO‐based composite catalysts. Ag/ZnO and Fe2O3/zeolite/ZnO composites show the more efficient catalysts with degradation efficiencies of about 99%. The effects of four different process parameters on the degradation efficiency of reactive black dye, and the simultaneous interactions between the parameters were investigated using the Box–Behnken design (BBD) of response surface method (RSM). Maximum removal efficiency of 99% is obtained in pH = 3, dye concentration of 10 ppm, 0.05‐g dose of catalyst and 40°C reaction temperature. The removal efficiency of Fe2O3/zeolite/ZnO catalyst after four replicating experiments is 63%. Based on the reported results, the prepared catalyst can be used efficiently in the wastewater treatment industries.
Nutrient timing and metabolic regulation
Authors: Smith Harry A. , Betts James A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDaily (circadian) rhythms coordinate our physiology and behaviour with regular environmental changes. Molecular clocks in peripheral tissues (e.g. liver, skeletal muscle and adipose) give rise to rhythms in macronutrient metabolism, appetite regulation and the components of energy balance such that our bodies can align the periodic delivery of nutrients with ongoing metabolic requirements. The timing of meals both in absolute terms (i.e. relative to clock time) and in relative terms (i.e. relative to other daily events) is therefore relevant to metabolism and health. Experimental manipulation of feeding–fasting cycles can advance understanding of the effect of absolute and relative timing of meals on metabolism and health. Such studies have extended the overnight fast by regular breakfast omission and revealed that morning fasting can alter the metabolic response to subsequent meals later in the day, whilst also eliciting compensatory behavioural responses (i.e. reduced physical activity). Similarly, restricting energy intake via alternate‐day fasting also has the potential to elicit a compensatory reduction in physical activity, and so can undermine weight‐loss efforts (i.e. to preserve body fat stores). Interrupting the usual overnight fast (and therefore also the usual sleep cycle) by nocturnal feeding has also been examined and further research is needed to understand the importance of this period for either nutritional intervention or nutritional withdrawal. In summary, it is important for dietary guidelines for human health to consider nutrient timing (i.e.whenwe eat) alongside the conventional focus on nutrient quantity and nutrient quality (i.e.how muchwe eat andwhatwe eat).image
A Polynomial-Chaos-Based Multifidelity Approach to the Efficient Uncertainty Quantification of Online Simulations of Automotive Propulsion Systems
Authors: Yang Hang , Gorodetsky Alex , Fujii Yuji , Wang K. W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs a result of the increasing system complexity and more strict performance requirements, intelligent and robust decision-making and control capabilities are of great importance for future automotive propulsion systems. Due to the significant uncertainties from both unavoidable modeling errors and probabilistic environmental disturbances, the ability to quantify the effect of these uncertainties on system behaviors plays a crucial role in enabling advanced control designs in the future for propulsion systems. However, quantifying uncertainties in complex nonlinear systems can cause significant computational burdens. Given the limited computing power on-board a vehicle, developing algorithms with high enough efficiency to quantify uncertainties in automotive propulsion systems in real-time is a major challenge. Traditional uncertainty quantification methods for complicated nonlinear systems, such as Monte Carlo, often rely on sampling — a computationally prohibitive process in many applications. Previous research has shown promises in using spectral decomposition methods such as generalized polynomial chaos to reduce the online computational cost of uncertainty quantification. However, such method suffers from poor scalability and bias issues. In this article, we seek to alleviate these computational bottlenecks by using a multifidelity approach that utilizes Control Variate to combine generalized polynomial chaos with Monte Carlo. Results on the mean, variance, and skewness estimations of vehicle axle shaft torque show that the proposed method corrects the bias caused by Polynomial Chaos expansions while significantly reducing the overall estimator variance compared to that of a conventional Monte Carlo estimator.