bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of low-level cardiomyocyte injury on prognosis in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Ning , Zhao Chaoqun , Zhang Rongzhen , Sun Bochen , Wang Biyu , Song Yuwei , Qi Shuhan , Liu Jianan , Sun Yujia , Liu Hui , An HuanHuan , Zhang Xingyue , Xiang Fei , Han Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Mild elevation of serum cardiac troponin (Tn) reflects myocardial injury and is associated with cardiovascular events, even without overt cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of mild elevation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and its impact on prognosis in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: 474 consecutive patients with suspected CAD and without significant coronary artery stenosis (<50%) who underwent adenosine triphosphate disodium (ATP) stress MCE were followed up (median, 41months) for endpoint events. Hs-cTnI was tested before MCE. Replenishment velocity (β), relative myocardial blood flow (rBV) and myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) were measured by stress MCE.Results: A total of 214 (45.1%) patients had hs-cTnI concentrations exceeding the limitation of detection (LOD) (0.001 ng/ml). Compared to patients with hs-cTnI below LOD, patients with higher hs-cTnI were older (p<0.05), had higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (p<0.001) and lower MBFR (p<0.001). After adjustment, the association was still significant between detectable hs-cTnI and MBFR (odds ratio = 0.200; 95% CI: 0.043,0.923, P = .039). Detectable hs-cTnI was associated with endpoint events independent of MBFR (adjusted hazard ratio 8.927,95%CI 1.341-149.48, P=0.028). Hs-cTnI higher than LOD had greater cumulative event rate (log-rank P=0.004). The risk of incident endpoint events was greater for higher hs-cTnI (≥0.001 versus <LOD; adjusted hazard ratio, 13.398; 95% CI, 1.243, 144.371) (P<0.001).Conclusions: In patients with non-obstructive CAD, mild myocardial injury was associated with impaired myocardial perfusion as measured by quantitative MCE; both of them independently affect prognosis; low-level hs-cTnI elevation predicts adverse events independent of myocardial ischemia due to microvascular dilation dysfunction.
Correlation between wrist bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and Hounsfield Units value measured by CT in lumbar spine
Authors: Pu HongYU , Chen Qian , Huang Kun , Wei Peng , Jiang Ping , Zhang Chao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background With the aging of society, the incidence of osteoporosis increases significantly. Wrist dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry enables assessment of whole-body bone mineral density as a diagnostic method for osteoporosis. Our purpose was to use DXA-measured wrist bone mineral density to evaluate bone contion of lumbar spine in patients with degenerative diseases.Methods A retrospective analysis of 164 patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine was performed. DXA was used to measure the bone mineral density(BMD) and T- scores of each patient's wrist; lumbar CT was used to measure the CT HU values in three axial images of the L1-L4 vertebral bodies, and the average was calculated. According to the preoperative DXA T-score, they were divided into normal group, osteopenia group and osteoporosis group. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations of CT HU values in L1-L4 with BMD and T-scores in corresponding vertebral body.Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the CT HU thresholds between osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis groups.Results CT values in L1-L4 were moderately correlated with BMD (0.4＜R²＜0.6), and the correlation coefficients (R²) were 0.552, 0.578, 0.582 and 0.577, respectively (all p<0.001). The thresholds of L1-L4 between the osteoporosis group (t≤-2.5) and the non-osteoporosis group (t>-2.5) respectively were 110.0HU (sensitivity 74% and specificity 76%) , 112.5HU (sensitivity 67% and 83% specificity), 92.4HU (81% sensitivity and 70% specificity), and 98.7HU (74% sensitivity and 78% specificity).Conclusions Wrist BMD is an effective tool for evaluating lumbar BMD. Preoperative wrist DXA can accurately reflect the lumbar vertebral bone condition.
The effect of sex and physical frailty on incident disability after 2 years among community-dwelling older adults: KFACS study
Authors: Lee Seoyoon , Kim Miji , Lee Yunhwan , Kim Jinhee , Jang Hak Chul , Cho Belong , Choi Kyung Mook , Roh Eun , Son Sang Joon , Lee Jin-Hee , Park Yong Soon , Lee Sam-Gyu , Kim Bong Jo , Kim Hyeon ju , Won Chang Won 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the impact of physical frailty on the development of disabilities in mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) according to sex among community-dwelling Korean older adults. Methods: We used data of 2,905 older adults aged 70-84 years from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) at baseline (2016-2017) and Wave 2 (2018-2019). Fried’s physical frailty phenotype was used to identify frailty.Results: After adjustment, frailty showed a higher impact for women than men on developing mobility disability (odds ratio [OR]=14.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]=4.8–40.78 vs. OR=9.89, 95% CI=4.28–22.86) and IADL disability after two years (OR=7.22, 95% CI=2.67–19.56 vs. OR=3.19, 95% CI=1.17–8.70). Pre-frailty led to mobility disability for women and men (OR=2.77, 95% CI=1.93–3.98 vs. OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.66–3.72, respectively), and IADL disability only for women (OR=3.01, 95% CI=1.28–7.09). Among the IADL components, both men and women who were prefrail or frail showed increased disability in ‘using transportation’. Among men, pre-frailty was significantly associated with disability in “going out” and “shopping”. In women, frailty was significantly associated with disability in “doing laundry,” “performing household chores,” “shopping,” and “managing money”.Conclusions: Physical frailty increased disability over 2 years for women more than men. Physical frailty increased disability in outdoor activity-related IADL components in men and household work-related IADL components in women. This study highlights the need for gender-specific policies and preventative programs for frailty, particularly restorative interventions that focus on women who are physically frail.
Novel drug discovery against breast and lung cancer using pharmacophore based 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivative
Authors: Mishra Nidhi , Maurya Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the rising number of cancer patients and the associated cancer resistance pathway, the demand for design of innovative novel drugs has never been greater. Coumarins (2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) are an antibiotic that is effective against a variety of diseases. Breast cancer and lung cancer were the focus of this research. To create a pharmacophore hypothesis, biologically active coumarin derivatives were tested against MCF-7, a breast cancer cell line, and A-549, a lung cancer cell line, using IC50 values. The AAARR 1 theory had the highest score. Both types of cancer were studied using a 3D QSAR model. To determine R2 and Q2 values; the pIC50 of the intended compound were used to generate the 3D-QSAR model which showed excellent predictive and descriptive capacity. The QSAR approach was used to develop 17 new compounds against breast cancer and 23 new compounds for lung cancer. VEGFR-2 (PDB ID: 4ASD) breast cancer protein and Protein kinase C iota (PKCι) lung cancer causing proteins were used to dock with newly designed compounds. The docking data were compared to FDA-approved breast cancer medications Abemaciclib and lung cancer treatments Vinorelbine. Molecular dynamic simulation was used to verify the docking results. The protein's stability was demonstrated using the designed ligand. The research presents a computationally-driven approach in building and finding novel coumarin scaffolds for cancer inhibition.
Measurements and computational fluid dynamics investigation of the indoor radon distribution in a typical naturally ventilated room
Authors: Adelikhah Mohammademad , Imani Morteza , Kovács Tibor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Based on the European Union Basic Safety Standards to protect people against exposure to ionizing radiation, establishing and addressing the reference levels for indoor radon concentrations is necessary. Therefore, the indoor radon concentration should monitor and control in dwelling and workplaces. However, proper ventilation and sustainability are the major factors that influence how healthy the environment in a building is for its occupants. In this paper, the indoor radon distribution in a typical naturally ventilated room under two scenarios (when the door is closed and open) using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was studied. The CFD code ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 based on the finite volume method was employed before the simulation results were compared with analytical calculations as well as passive and active measurements.Results: The average radon concentration from the CFD simulation was found to be between 70.21 and 66.25 Bq m-3 under closed and open-door conditions, respectively, at the desired ventilation rate of 1 ACH (Air Changes per Hour). Moreover, the highest concentrations of radon were measured close to the floor and the lowest values were recorded near to the inlet, resulting in the airflow velocity profile.Conclusion: The simulation results were in good agreement with the maxima of 19% and 7% compared to analytical calculations at different indoor air velocities in the open- and closed-door scenarios, respectively. The measured radon concentrations obtained by the active measurements also fitted well with the CFD results, for example, with a relative standard deviation of around 7% and 2% when measured by AlphaGUARD and RAD7 monitors at a height of 1.0 m above the ground in the open-door scenario. From the simulation results, the effective dose received by an individual from the indoor air of the workplace was also calculated.
Preliminary study of contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography scanning for the differentiation of perigastric tumor deposits from metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Wei-zhi , Gao Han , Xu Na , Wang Yu-bin , Li Cheng , Yang Jing , Li Xin-yue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning for the differentiation of perigastric tumor deposits (TDs) from metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer.Methods: In this prospective study, 36 patients with gastric cancer confirmed by surgical pathology between December 2020 and December 2021 underwent preoperative noncontrast and three-phase contrast-enhanced MDCT scans. According to the postoperative pathological results, the nodules were divided into a TD group and a metastatic lymph node (MLN) group. The observed CT imaging characteristics included lesion morphology, necrosis, long-axis diameter, short-axis diameter, aspect ratio, and corrected CT attenuation value (cCAV) in each phase. The lesion parameters of the two groups were compared, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate and analyze the diagnostic efficacy of MDCT.Results: A total of 30 TDs and 55 MLNs were detected in 36 patients. Among the 30 TDs, 21 had irregular morphology, and 15 had liquefactive necrosis. In addition to necrosis and the aspect ratio, the lesion morphology, long-axis diameter, short-axis diameter, and cCAV in each phase were significantly different between the TD group and the MLN group (P<0.05). Irregular lesion morphology, long-axis diameter, short-axis diameter, and cCAV in each phase all had areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) greater than 0.685 for TD diagnosis. Among these measurements, the cCAV in the delayed phase (AUC=0.766) had the highest diagnostic efficacy. The optimal diagnostic threshold was 32.94%, the corresponding diagnostic sensitivity was 80.00%, and the specificity was 67.27%.Conclusions: In gastric cancer, contrast-enhanced MDCT scanning is a potential technique to predict TDs and MLNs.
A closer look into a medieval moat – the temporal and spatial chironomid-based reconstruction of habitat mosaic and ecosystem functioning
Authors: Antczak-Orlewska Olga , Okupny Daniel , Kruk Andrzej , Bailey Richard Ian , Płóciennik Mateusz , Sikora Jerzy , Krąpiec Marek , Kittel Piotr 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Moats and other historical water features had great importance for past societies. The functioning of these ecosystems can now only be retrieved through palaeoecological studies, which often focus on a single sampling sediment core location. While a variety of human-environment interactions have already been examined, the spatio-temporal habitat changes within a medieval moat are presented here for the first time. Using data from four cores of organic deposits taken from different areas within the moat system, we describe ecological states of the moat based on subfossil Chironomidae assemblages and accompanying sedimentological and geochemical data, using Kohonen’s artificial neural network, the canonical correspondence analysis, and generalised linear modelling. We found that chironomid assemblages differed in the spatio-temporal distribution of their habitats, depending mostly on depth differences and fresh water supply from an artificial channel. Paludification and terrestrialization also did not happen simultaneously across the moat system, being greatly influenced by human activity. The results presented here demonstrate the importance of a multi-aspect approach in environmental archaeology, focusing not only the human environment, but also on the complex ecology of the past ecosystems.
ETST: EEG Transformer for Person Identification
Authors: Du Yang , Xu Yongling , Wang Xiaoan , Liu Li , Ma Pengcheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An increasing number of studies have been devoted to the use of electroencephalogram(EEG) for identity recognition due to the properties of EEG signals that are not easily stolen. Most of the existing studies on EEG person identification have only studied brain signals in a single state, requiring specific and repetitive sensory stimuli. However, the reality of human states is diverse and rapidly changing, which limits the use of their methods in realistic conditions. This demonstrates the excellent ability of the attention mechanism to model temporal signals. In this paper, we propose a transformer-based approach that extracts features in the temporal and spatial domains using a self-attention mechanism for the EEG person identification task. We conduct an extensive study to evaluate the generalization ability of the proposed method among different states. Our method is compared with the most advanced EEG biometrics techniques and the results show that our method reaches state-of-the-art results. Notably, we do not need to extract any features manually.
Construction of SHP-GLOX Straw Lignin Degulation System and Its Application Effect in Rice
Authors: Wang Qingdong , Zhang Jiayuan , Li Yan , Wang Ran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Backgroud:
Rice straw is the crucial biomass for raw materials in China. Rice straw usage is limited due to its high lignin content, and the reduction of its lignin content could have economic and environmental benefits. Soybean hull peroxidase (SHP), a class III plant peroxidase, is derived from multiple sources. It has several advantages, such as high resistance to heat, high stability under acidic and alkaline conditions, and broad substrates range. SHP is speculated to be useful for lignin degradation. Glyoxal oxidase (GLOX) is an extracellular oxidase that can oxidize glyoxal and methylglyoxal in the extracellular medium to generate H2O2.
Results
In the present study, the SHP gene and the GLOX gene in the pCAMBIA3301-glycine-rich protein (GRP)-SHP-GLOX, designated as the K167 vector, was optimized and introduced into rice embryos using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Positive transgenic rice embryos were examined using molecular, physiological, biochemical tests and fermentation tests. The outcomes suggested that SHP degraded lignin effectively.
Conclusions
This research has created a breeding material that does not basically affect the normal growth and yield of rice, but the rice stalks are more likely to be degraded in the later stage, and used to breed rice varieties whose stalks are easy to use for energy. Our results will improve the industrial and commercial applications of rice straw.
Fermented seeds of P. macrophylla seeds mitigate against memory deficit and restored altered enzymatic in the brain of streptozotocin-diabetic rats
Authors: Agunloye Michael Odunayo , Oboh Ganiyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Memory deficit has been known as one of the complications of diabetes. Fermented P. macrophylla seeds have been used in folklore for various metabolic diseases. The research aims to evaluate the impact of diets with the inclusion of the fermented seed of P. macrophylla on memory deficit in diabetes and its underlying mechanisms. Before the induction, the rats were subjected to training sessions. Thereafter, administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) to the trained rats via intraperitoneal (i.p). 72 hours after, the rats blood glucose level was checked, and rats with a blood glucose level greater than 250 mg/dl were selected for the memory index evaluation study. The induced rats were randomly distributed into groups: Normal rats (group 1), untreated diabetic rat (Group 2), acarbose treated diabetic rats (group 3); All were fed with basal diet and those placed on diet supplemented with fermented seed of P. macrophylla (10 & 20% inclusion) were allotted to group 4 & 6. Then, evaluation of memory retention capacity on day 14 of the experiment. Thereafter, experimental rats were sacrificed, tissue of interest (brain) was excised, homogenized and homogenates were used for biochemical analysis. The cholinergic, angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE), arginase activity and biomarkers for oxidative stress were significantly altered in untreated diabetic rats when compared with non-diabetes rats. Conversely, the memory capacity of the diabetic rats was observed less in comparison to the non-diabetes rats. Meanwhile, diabetic rats placed on diet with fermented seeds of P. macrophylla (10 & 20% inclusion) exhibited significantly higher memory capacity, lower activity of cholinergic, ACE, arginase activity in relation to untreated diabetic rats while the antioxidant status of the brain was enhanced. Nevertheless, fermented seeds of P. macrophylla ameliorated memory deficit in STZ induced diabetes rats. This gave credence to its nutraceutical potential as claimed in folk medicine.
Malaria among children under 10 years in 4 endemic health areas in Kisantu Health Zone: epidemiology and transmission
Authors: Ilombe Gillon , Matangila JR , Lulebo Mampasi , Mutombo Paulin , Linsuke Sylvie , Maketa Vivi , Mabanzila Baby , Watsenga Francis , Bortel Wim Van , Agossa Fiacre , Seth Irish , Lutumba Pascal , geertruyden Jean-Pierre Van 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
IntroductionThe Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second most malaria-affected country globally with 21,608,681 cases reported in 2019. The Kongo Central (KC) Province has a malaria annual incidence of 163 cases/per 1000 inhabitants which are close to the national average of 153.4/1000. However, the malaria prevalence varies both between and within health zones in this province. The main objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology and transmission of malaria among children aged 0 to 10 years in the 4 highest endemic health areas in Kisantu Health Zone (HZ) of KC in DRC,MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2017 using multi-stage sampling. A total of 30 villages in 4 health areas in Kisantu HZ were randomly selected. The prevalence of malaria was measured using a thick blood smear (TBS) and known predictors and associated outcomes were assessed. Data are described and associations determinants of malaria infection were analysed. ResultsA total of 1790 children between 0 and 10 years were included in 30 villages in 4 health areas of Kisantu HZ. The overall prevalence in the study area according to the TBS was 14.8% (95%CI:13.8-16.6; range:0-53). Mean sporozoite index in the study area was 4.3% (95%CI:2.6-6.6). The determination of Kdr-west resistance alleles showed the presence of both L1014S and L1014F with 14.6% heterozygous L1014S/L1014F, 84.4% homozygous 1014F, and 1% homozygous 1014S. The risk factors associated with malaria infection were sandy or wooden floors aOR: 15.8% (95%CI: 8.6-29.2) and a moderate or low income: 1.6 (95%CI:1.1-2.3). ConclusionMalaria prevalence differed between villages and health areas within the same health zone. The control strategy activities must be oriented by the variety in the prevalence and transmission of malaria in different areas.
Effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on DNA Methylation within Female Mouse Reproductive Tissues
Authors: Colwell Mathia , Wanner Nicole , Medida Ramya Lekha , Drown Chelsea , Faulk Christopher , Mauro Laura 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine), is a chemotherapeutic DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor widely used to treat myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemias. Decitabine’s anti-neoplastic activity is thought to result from inhibition of DNMTs leading to passive demethylation of 5’methylcytosines (5mC) in rapidly dividing tissues, resulting in cell death. However, we previously reported paradoxical effects on DNA methylation by decitabine in somatic tissues. Given the potential for lasting damage to DNA methylation in reproductive tissues from even short courses of decitabine in reproductive age humans, we chose to characterize its long-term effects here. Mice were treated with two clinically relevant doses of decitabine (0.15 mg/kg, 0.35 mg/kg) for 7 weeks and DNA methylation was assessed within female reproductive tract tissues. We found methylated cytosines within the ovary to be the least sensitive to decitabine exposure at both doses, whereas the uterus and the oviduct exhibited higher 5mC dysregulation, surprisingly biased towards hypermethylation at the 0.35 mg/kg dose. We identified the sites of differential methylation; revealing specific genes and pathways involved in cell differentiation, development, communication, and cell signaling that were universally altered in all tissues. In addition to our differential methylation data, we identified dysregulated transcription and pathways using RNAseq analyses. Overall, our findings show decitabine exposure causes an epigenetic insult to DNA methylation within female reproductive tissues. Our data provides evidence that further evaluation is needed to fully establish the long-term phenotypic effects post-decitabine exposure.