bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating Emotional and Structural Influences While Implementing the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model: A Case Study
Authors: Shiver Victoria N. , Simonton Kelly L. 
Published: March 2022

Utilizing elements of organizational socialization and teacher appraisals, emotions, and labor, the purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which one teacher navigated the process of incorporating the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility model. A qualitative case study approach was applied with one teacher participant, Caroline. Caroline was using the model for the first time with children in first through third grade. Data collection included critical incident reports, semistructured interviews, informal interviews, and a practitioner journal. The two themes that were developed were: (a) model development and (b) emotional appraisals and labor. Caroline struggled with the model initially but improved with practice and the use of resources and advice. She faced setbacks due to philosophical differences and marginalization of her subject, and was able to address and process her emotions through the model.
A tale of 22 cities: utilisation patterns and content of maternal care in large African cities
Authors: Wong Kerry LM , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Sholkamy Hania , Dennis Mardieh L , Pembe Andrea B , Birabwa Catherine , Asefa Anteneh , Delamou Alexandre , Sidze Estelle Monique , Dossou Jean-Paul , Waiswa Peter , Beňová Lenka 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionGlobally, the majority of births happen in urban areas. Ensuring that women and their newborns benefit from a complete package of high-quality care during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period present specific challenges in large cities. We examine health service utilisation and content of care along the maternal continuum of care (CoC) in 22 large African cities.MethodsWe analysed data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) since 2013 in any African country with at least one city of≥1 million inhabitants in 2015. Women with live births from survey clusters in the most populous city per country were identified. We analysed 17 indicators capturing utilisation, sector and level of health facilities and content of three maternal care services: antenatal care (ANC), childbirth care and postnatal care (PNC), and a composite indicator capturing completion of the maternal CoC. We developed a categorisation of cities according to performance on utilisation and content within maternal CoC.ResultsThe study sample included 25 326 live births reported by 19 217 women. Heterogeneity in the performance in the three services was observed across cities and across the three services within cities. ANC utilisation was high (>85%); facility-based childbirth and PNC ranged widely, 77%–99% and 29%–94%, respectively. Most cities showed inconsistent levels of utilisation and content across the maternal CoC, Cotonou and Accra showed relatively best and Nairobi and Ndjamena worst performance.ConclusionThis exploratory analysis showed that many DHS can be analysed on the level of large African cities to provide actionable information about the utilisation and content of the three maternal health services. Our comparative analysis of 22 cities and proposed typology of best and worst-performing cities can provide a starting point for extracting lessons learnt and addressing critical gaps in maternal health in rapidly urbanising contexts.
Recognition of diabetes and sociodemographic predictors: results of a cross-sectional nationwide population-based survey in Singapore
Authors: Roystonn Kumarasan , Lau Jue Hua , AshaRani PV , Siva Kumar Fiona Devi , Wang Peizhi , Sum Chee Fang , Lee Eng Sing , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo assess recognition of diabetes among a nationally representative multiethnic sample of Singapore’s general public. Also, to explore the sociodemographic predictors associated with the ability to correctly recognise diabetes.Design and settingThis was a cross-sectional vignette-based survey. Respondents were instructed to read the vignette, then answer the open-ended question, ‘What do you think the person in the vignette is suffering from?’ParticipantsA sample of 2895 household residents aged 18 years and above, of which 436 were persons with diabetes.Results82.7% could correctly recognise diabetes in the vignette. Overall, recognition was significantly higher among respondents aged 35–49 years (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.98), 50–64 years (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.56), ethnic Malays (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.89) and persons with diabetes (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.38 to 5.08). By contrast, male (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.90), ethnic Others (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.93) and the unemployed (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.92) were significantly associated with poor recognition of diabetes.ConclusionOverall public recognition of diabetes was high, but the significant gaps in knowledge in certain demographic groups were of concern. Public health interventions aimed at preventing and controlling diabetes should continue to target all members of the population with accurate and appropriate information. Ongoing efforts of diabetes awareness and screening programmes need to be improved, particularly for young adults, males and the unemployed.
Adverse experiences of social adaptation in children with leukaemia: a qualitative study from China
Authors: Tang Xinyue , Mo Lin , Liu Qian , Liu Yixuan , Yu Lu , Liu Yang , Gao Chunhai 
Published: March 2022

Aim and objectiveThis study aimed to build an indepth and comprehensive understanding of the social maladaptation experience of Chinese children with leukaemia of different ages.MethodsThe purposive sampling method was adopted to conduct semistructured interviews with 20 Chinese children with leukaemia or their main caregivers and Colaizzi’s method for qualitative research was used to organise and analyse the data. The study followed the guiding principles of the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research.ResultsThe existing social adaptation problems of children with leukaemia of different ages were assessed. In terms of psychological maladjustment, children with leukaemia aged 2–7 years showed fear and excessive attachment, while children aged 8–18 years were characterised by impatience, irritability and anxiety. In terms of behavioural maladjustment, children aged 2–7 years presented less independent behaviour and dependence on electronics, while children aged 8–18 years showed learning obstruction and indulgence in mobile games.ConclusionsTargeted intervention strategies should be developed based on the physical and mental characteristics of children with leukaemia of different ages to improve existing social adaptation problems.Relevance to clinical practiceEarly intervention for social adaptation of children with leukaemia should be considered. Children’s social adaptation should be improved to prevent more adaptation problems so that they can return to their families and to the society without difficulty and improve their quality of life in the long term.
Evaluating the safety and patient impacts of an artificial intelligence command centre in acute hospital care: a mixed-methods protocol
Authors: McInerney Ciarán , McCrorie Carolyn , Benn Jonathan , Habli Ibrahim , Lawton Tom , Mebrahtu Teumzghi F , Randell Rebecca , Sheikh Naeem , Johnson Owen 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThis paper presents a mixed-methods study protocol that will be used to evaluate a recent implementation of a real-time, centralised hospital command centre in the UK. The command centre represents a complex intervention within a complex adaptive system. It could support better operational decision-making and facilitate identification and mitigation of threats to patient safety. There is, however, limited research on the impact of such complex health information technology on patient safety, reliability and operational efficiency of healthcare delivery and this study aims to help address that gap.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a longitudinal mixed-method evaluation that will be informed by public-and-patient involvement and engagement. Interviews and ethnographic observations will inform iterations with quantitative analysis that will sensitise further qualitative work. Quantitative work will take an iterative approach to identify relevant outcome measures from both the literature and pragmatically from datasets of routinely collected electronic health records.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the University of Leeds Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Ethics Committee (#MEEC 20-016) and the National Health Service Health Research Authority (IRAS No.: 285933). Our results will be communicated through peer-reviewed publications in international journals and conferences. We will provide ongoing feedback as part of our engagement work with local trust stakeholders.
Prognostic factors for post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression in women after early pregnancy loss: a multi-centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Farren Jessica , Jalmbrant Maria , Falconieri Nora , Mitchell-Jones Nicola , Bobdiwala Shabnam , Al-Memar Maya , Parker Nina , Van Calster Ben , Timmerman Dirk , Bourne Tom 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate prognostic factors for anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms 1 month after early pregnancy loss (EPL).DesignA prospective cohort study. Consecutive women were recruited, and demographic and clinical data were collected. Surveys containing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Post-traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) were emailed 1 month after a loss. Univariable logistic regression was performed to link factors with caseness of anxiety, depression or PTS according to screening measures.SettingEarly pregnancy units of three central London hospitals.Participants737/1116 eligible women with an EPL were recruited. 492 responded to HADS and 487 to PDS.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome is the area under the curve (AUC) to predict any psychological morbidity (defined as moderate/severe anxiety or depression, or meeting screening criteria for PTS) for each variable. Further outcomes are explained variation (R2) and p value for any morbidity, and AUC, explained variation, and p value for each morbidity separately.ResultsWomen who had a past diagnosis of a psychiatric condition were more likely to meet criteria for anxiety, depression or PTS (75% for current diagnosis vs 55% for past vs 30% for no diagnosis; AUC 0.61; R28.4%; p<0.0001), as were those with previous pregnancy loss (48% vs 30%; AUC 0.59; R24.3%; p<0.0001). Most of the assessed factors did not demonstrate potential utility in predicting psychological distress, including gestational age, overnight admission, time taken for diagnosis, pre-existing children and the diagnosis itself (miscarriage vs ectopic vs other) (AUCs≤0.54; R2≤0.9%).ConclusionsWomen with a history of mental health problems, or those with previous losses, may be at higher risk of psychological illness 1 month after pregnancy loss. However, prognostic ability was poor overall. All women should be considered at risk.
Psychological well-being of women at high risk of spontaneous preterm birth cared for in a specialised preterm birth clinic: a prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Dawes Lisa , Waugh Jason J S , Lee Arier , Groom Katie M 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo assess the psychological well-being of pregnant women at increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth, and the impact of care from a preterm birth clinic.DesignSingle-centre longitudinal cohort study over 1 year, 2018–2019.SettingTertiary maternity hospital in Auckland, New Zealand.ParticipantsPregnant women at increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth receiving care in a preterm birth clinic.InterventionParticipants completed three sets of questionnaires (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and 36-Item Short Form Survey)—prior to their first, after their second, and after their last clinic appointments. Study-specific questionnaires explored pregnancy-related anxiety and perceptions of care.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the mean State-Anxiety score. Secondary outcomes included depression and quality of life measures.Results73/97 (75.3%) eligible women participated; 41.1% had a previous preterm birth, 31.5% a second trimester loss and 28.8% cervical surgery; 20.6% had a prior mental health condition. 63/73 (86.3%) women completed all questionnaires. The adjusted mean state-anxiety score was 39.0 at baseline, which decreased to 36.5 after the second visit (difference −2.5, 95% CI −5.5 to 0.5, p=0.1) and to 32.6 after the last visit (difference −3.9 from second visit, 95% CI −6.4 to −1.5, p=0.002). Rates of anxiety (state-anxiety score >40) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score >12) were 38.4%, 34.8%, 19.0% and 13.7%, 8.7%, 9.5% respectively, at the same time periods. Perceptions of care were favourable; 88.9% stated the preterm birth clinic made them significantly or somewhat less anxious and 87.3% wanted to be seen again in a future pregnancy.ConclusionsWomen at increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth have high levels of anxiety. Psychological well-being improved during the second trimester; women perceived that preterm birth clinic care reduced pregnancy-related anxiety. These findings support the ongoing use and development of preterm birth clinics.
Primary care for people with severe mental illness and comorbid obstructive airways disease: a qualitative study of patient perspectives with integrated stakeholder feedback
Authors: Mitchell Caroline , Zuraw Nicholas , Delaney Brigitte , Twohig Helen , Dolan Neil , Walton Elizabeth , Hulin Joe , Yousefpour Camelia 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo explore patient and stakeholder perspectives on primary respiratory care for people with severe mental illness (SMI) and comorbid obstructive airways disease (OAD).DesignQualitative, semistructured qualitative interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of people with a diagnosis of SMI (bipolar illness, schizophrenia, affective disorder with psychosis) and comorbid asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Transcribed data were analysed using an interpretive phenomenological approach. Study results were discussed with stakeholders.SettingEight UK general practices.Participants16 people aged 45–75 years, with SMI and comorbid asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, were interviewed. Twenty-one people, four with lived experience of SMI and seventeen health/social care/third sector practitioners, participated in discussion groups at a stakeholder event.ResultsParticipants described disability and isolation arising from the interplay of SMI and OAD symptoms. Social support determined ease of access to primary care. Self-management of respiratory health was not person-centred as practitioners failed to consider individual needs and health literacy. Participants perceived smoking cessation impossible without tailored support. Less than half of the practices facilitated personalised access to timely primary care and continuity. Overall, there was a reliance on urgent care if service adaptations and social support were lacking. The stakeholder group expressed concern about gaps in care, the short-term funding of community organisations and fear of loss of benefits. Potential solutions focused on supported navigation of care pathways, relational continuity, individual and community asset building and the evolving social prescriber role.ConclusionThis study suggests that despite UK guidelines and incentives to optimise physical healthcare, primary care fails to consistently deliver integrated biopsychosocial care for patients with SMI and OAD. Collaborative, personalised care that builds social capital and tailors support for self-management is needed, alongside service-level interventions to enhance access to healthcare for patients with comorbid SMI and OAD.
Identifying vulnerable children’s stress levels and coping measures during COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a mixed method study
Authors: Takeuchi Hajime , Napier-Raman Sharanya , Asemota Osamagbe , Raman Shanti 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected vulnerable children and youth. In Japan, despite evidence that the paediatric age group holds a lower risk of infection than the older population, there was a nationwide closure of schools as an early public health measure. Acknowledging that school closures brought heightened psychological and physical stress among Japanese children, we aimed to explore vulnerable children’s experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, focusing on socially disadvantaged subset of the population.MethodsWe used an adapted version of the ‘Perceived Stress Scale for Children’, with additional free-text space, delivered online to children attending three non-profit organisations which provide support for this group of vulnerable persons and families experiencing social disadvantage. Simple descriptive analysis was undertaken on the quantitative data; we used thematic and content analysis for the qualitative data.ResultsThirty-six children participated in the online survey, mean age was 11.3 years, majority (61%) were male. The mean overall stress score (score distribution width: 0–39) was 14.8, with no difference in score distribution by age or gender. Free-text responses obtained revealed a range of stressors and protective factors. Schooling, COVID-19 fears, family tension and pandemic measures were sources of stress; family—in particular, the support of the mother—food, friendship and recreation were sources of comfort. While most responses indicated positive coping mechanisms, some displayed maladaptive behaviours.ConclusionsThe children in this cohort had high mean stress scores overall. Responses indicated that they were acutely reactive to COVID-19 as well as pandemic public health measures, and that missing schooling and contact with friends exacerbated their stress. Family was a source of strength as well as stress. A tailored public health response to COVID-19 needs to take into account the concerns voiced by vulnerable child populations be based on equity and child rights.
Musculoskeletal injury epidemiology in law enforcement and firefighter recruits during physical training: a systematic review
Authors: Murphy Myles Calder , George Holly-Anne , Naqi Muhammad , Owen Patrick J , Chivers Paola , Hart Nicolas H 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesReport the injury epidemiology of law enforcement and firefighter recruits.DesignA systematic epidemiological review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines was completed.Data sourcesFive online databases were searched from database inception to 5 May 2021.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesProspective and retrospective studies that reported data on musculoskeletal injuries sustained by law enforcement or firefighter recruits were included. We reported on all components of injury where data were available. All injury incidence rates were calculated as per 1000 training days (Poisson 95% CI) to allow comparisons between studies. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Assessment Checklist for Prevalence Studies.ResultsNo studies reporting firefighter recruits were identified. Eight published studies that reported on injuries to law enforcement recruits were identified. The studies were all low quality, and the credibility of the evidence was assessed as very low. Seven studies reported medical attention injuries, and one study reported the number of medical withdrawals from a recruit training programme. The prevalence of law enforcement recruits with medical attention injuries ranged from 13.7% to 24.5%. The overall medical attention injury incidence rate for law enforcement recruits ranged from 1.67 injuries per 1000 training days (Poisson 95% CI 1.00 to 2.34 injuries per 1000 training days) to 4.24 injuries per 1000 training days (Poisson 95% CI 2.97 to 5.51 injuries per 1000 training days).ConclusionThis review reported the prevalence and incidence rates for musculoskeletal injuries in law enforcement officers. However, the credibility of the evidence is very low.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021251084.
Stroke thrombectomy volume, rather than stroke center accreditation status of hospitals, is associated with mortality and discharge disposition
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Tutino Vincent M , Cappuzzo Justin M , Lazarov Victoria , Popoola Daniel , Patel Tatsat R , Levy Bennett R , Monteiro Andre , Mokin Maxim , Rai Ansaar T , Mocco J , Turk Aquilla S , Snyder Kenneth V , Davies Jason M , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundFew studies have explored the association between stroke thrombectomy (ST) volume and hospital accreditation with clinical outcomes.ObjectiveTo assess the association of ST case volume and accreditation status with in-hospital mortality and home discharge disposition using the national Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MEDPAR) database.MethodsRates of hospital mortality, home discharge disposition, and hospital stay were compared between accredited and non-accredited hospitals using 2017–2018 MEDPAR data. The association of annual ST case volume with mortality and home disposition was determined using Pearson’s correlation. Median rate of mortality and number of ST cases at hospitals within the central quartiles were estimated.ResultsA total of 29 355 cases were performed over 2 years at 847 US centers. Of these, 354 were accredited. There were no significant differences between accredited and non-accredited centers for hospital mortality (14.8% vs 14.5%, p=0.34) and home discharge (12.1% vs 12.0%, p=0.78). A significant positive correlation was observed between thrombectomy volume and home discharge (r=0.88; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.97, p=0.001). A significant negative relationship was found between thrombectomy volume and mortality (r=−0.86; 95% CI −0.97 to −0.49, p=0.002). Within the central quartiles, the median number of ST cases at hospitals with mortality was 24/year, and the median number of ST cases at hospitals with home discharge rate was 23/year.ConclusionA higher volume of ST cases was associated with lower mortality and higher home discharge rate. No significant differences in mortality and discharge disposition were found between accredited and non-accredited hospitals.
Torsion in Khovanov homology of homologically thin knots
Authors: Shumakovitch Alexander N. 
Published: March 2022

We prove that every [Formula: see text]H-thin link has no [Formula: see text]-torsion for [Formula: see text] in its Khovanov homology. Together with previous results by Lee [The support of the Khovanov’s invariants for alternating knots, preprint (2002), arXiv:math.GT/0201105; An endomorphism of the Khovanov invariant, Adv. Math. 197(2) (2005) 554–586, arXiv:math.GT/0210213] and the author [Torsion of Khovanov homology, Fund. Math. 225 (2014) 343–364, arXiv:math.GT/0405474], this implies that integer Khovanov homology of non-split alternating links is completely determined by the Jones polynomial and signature. Our proof is based on establishing an algebraic relation between Bockstein and Turner differentials on Khovanov homology over [Formula: see text]. We conjecture that a similar relation exists between the corresponding spectral sequences.