bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globality constrained adaptive graph regularized non‐negative matrix factorization for data representation
Authors: Sun Yanfeng , Wang Jie , Guo Jipeng , Hu Yongli , Yin Baocai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBenefiting from the good physical interpretations and low computational complexity, non‐negative matrix factorization (NMF) has attracted wide attentions in data representation learning tasks. Some graph‐based NMF approaches make the learned representation encode the topological structure by the local graph Laplacian regularizer, which improves the discriminant ability of data representation. However, the performance of graph‐based NMF methods depend heavily on the quality of the predefined graph and the complexity of models is high. Here, a globality constrained adaptive graph regularized non‐negative matrix factorization for data representation (GCAG‐NMF) model is proposed, which not only uses the self‐representation characteristics of data to learn an adaptive graph to describe the sample relationship more accurately, but also proposes a graph factorization technique to reduce the complexity of the model and improve the discriminative ability of data representation. Then, an iterative optimizing strategy with low complexity and strict convergence guarantee is developed to optimize the objective function. Experimental results on some databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Electromagnetic scattering by a circular cavity of arbitrary shape placed in a perfect electric conductor
Authors: Bozorgi Mehdi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn efficient modal expansion technique for scattering by a circular cavity with an arbitrary arc in a perfect electric conductor is developed. In contrast to the existing methods proposed for a shallow or semi‐circular cavity, the proposed method can be utilised for a circular cavity of arbitrary shape while is computationally efficient. The authors first introduce an auxiliary circular border that divides half‐space above the cavity into two separate subregions. Then, the tangential fields in the two subregions, which satisfy the Helmholtz equation, are expanded in terms of an infinite series of radial wave functions. The fields are matched at the auxiliary border to construct three independent equations in two different coordinate systems. By employing the addition theorem, all equations are transferred into the same coordinate system. Finally, the equations are converted into a system of linear equations and then solved through regular matrix techniques for the expansion coefficients. The solution is verified by the Method of Moments used in FEKO electromagnetic simulation software. This method is employed to study the effects of cavity shape and incident wave polarisation on the scattering signature.
Challenges in radar sea clutter modelling
Authors: Watts Simon , Rosenberg Luke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ability to detect small targets in sea clutter is still an ongoing challenge, even for modern radar systems. Over the past decade, the development of new radar waveforms and signal processing algorithms has been assisted by an increasingly good understanding of the characteristics of sea clutter. Nevertheless, many challenges remain in the development of robust sea clutter models that span the wide range of sea conditions and viewing geometries encountered in practice. This paper describes the current challenges with some suggestions on how they can be overcome.
Improved power controller for enhancement of voltage quality in microgrid
Authors: Pham Xuan Hoa Thi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn microgrid, non‐linear or unbalanced loads will degrade the voltage quality at the output of the inverters, and the voltage of the load will be distorted or unbalanced. On the other hand, the inverters in microgrid are connected in parallel to improve efficiency, increase transmission capacity, and are easy to repair and maintain. When the microgrid is operating in standalone mode, inverters must be controlled to share power according to their rated power; this is to stabilize frequency and voltage in the microgrid. However, since non‐linear or unbalanced loads will produce load currents containing harmonics, it will make the voltage of load unbalanced, which will affect the control of power‐sharing for the inverters, and it also degrades the voltage quality at the output of the inverters. This paper has proposed an improved power‐sharing control method combined with the sliding mode control (SMC) technique to improve the voltage quality and improve the accuracy of power‐sharing for the inverters in the microgrid. The proposed method will ensure accurate power‐sharing even if the communication is interrupted. If the load changes while the communication is interrupted, the accuracy of power‐sharing is reduced but the proposed method is better than the conventional power‐sharing method. In addition, the accuracy of the proposed power‐sharing method is not affected by the time delay in the communication channel and local loads at the output of the inverters. Simulation and experimental results will prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Bidirectional wireless power/data transfer via magnetic field
Authors: Kao Jia‐Jing , Lin Chun‐Liang , Huang Chih‐Cheng , Kuo Yen‐Ting 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecently, inductive power transfer (IPT) system has been used for wireless charging of electric vehicles (EVs). However, most of them only treat the issue of single directional wireless power transfer (WPT). This research proposes a novel bi‐directional IPT (BD‐IPT) scheme EVs, which can simultaneously transmit power/data via magnetic field when the mutual inductance changes. For power transmission, resonant inverters with phase‐shift pulse width modulation (PSPWM) are used to generate carrier waves and alternating current. As for data transmission, a dedicated communication method with the accompanied protocol is proposed. Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) is used to simulate the two‐quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), which generates digital signals for data transmission without the need of extra communication links. Hamming codes are combined with single‐error correction and double‐error detection (SECDED) to ensure communication quality.
Onset of Auditory Deprivation
Authors: Hurley Raymond M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to study further the assertion that auditory function deteriorates in the unaided ear of individuals with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who receive monaural hearing aid fittings. The word recognition scores (WRSs) of 77 monaurally and 65 binaurally fitted subjects with symmetric bilateral SNHL were examined at 1, 3, and 5 years post hearing aid fitting. The deterioration in auditory function was defined as a significant change in the WRSs for Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 (NU-6) materials in the unaided ear of individuals fitted with a monaural hearing aid arrangement. Analyses of the data indicate that 25 percent of the monaurally fitted subjects experienced a significant change in the WRSs of their unaided ears, whereas only 6 percent of the binaurally fitted subjects experienced a significant change in the WRSs of either ear. Auditory function does deteriorate in the unaided ears of individuals with SNHL who receive monaural hearing aid fittings. Moreover, the decline in auditory function of the unaided ear does not result from a decrease in hearing sensitivity.
Abbreviations: NU-6 = Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6, PTA = pure-tone average, SNHL = sensorineural hearing loss, WRS = word recognition score
Acoustic Analysis of Speech through a Hearing Aid: Consonant-Vowel Ratio Effects with Two-Channel Compression Amplification
Authors: Hickson Louise , Thyer Nick , Bates Dianne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, the consonant-vowel ratio (CVR) changes associated with varying the compression ratio and crossover frequency of two-channel syllabic compression amplification were examined. Consonant-vowel syllables were recorded at 60 and 75 dB SPL input levels to the hearing aid under 13 different amplification conditions: 12 compression conditions and a condition that used linear amplification in both channels. Syllables consisted of voiceless stops, fricatives, and affricates combined with the vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/. Acoustic analysis of the processed syllables indicated that the CVR was generally increased with compression, compared to linear amplification, and that the effects were greatest for amplification with compression in the high-frequency channel. In addition, higher CVRs were obtained when the crossover frequency was raised. Compression in the low-frequency channel had the least effect on CVR. As previous research has indicated that CVR may serve as a cue to the perception of some consonant sounds by people with hearing impairment, the results suggest the need for caution with the application of high-frequency channel compression until the perceptual effects are fully investigated.
Abbreviations: CR = compression ratio, CVR = consonant-vowel ratio, rms = root mean square
Improving the global comparability of IFRS-based financial reporting through global enforcement: a proposed organizational dynamic
Authors: Prather-Kinsey Jenice , De Luca Francesco , Phan Ho-Tan-Phat 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) seeks to provide global financial reporting comparability of its International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The objective of this study is to propose an organizational dynamic that could improve global comparability of financial reporting under IFRS through rigorous and homogeneous global enforcement. We use the qualitative framework of Gioia et al. (Organ Res Methods 16:15–31, 2012) to identify the relevant literature, methodologies, and organizational dynamics to understand the issues and changes needed to possibly achieve full-IFRS financial reporting for cross-border listed firms. We draw on previous studies that provided evidence of limitations and issues about comparability of financial reporting based on (not homogeneous) adoption, application, and enforcement of IFRS worldwide. A content analysis of IASB’s deliberations in developing its interactions with (International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO)) and national regulatory bodies is used to provide evidence about the initiatives IASB has undertaken to support the homogeneous global enforcement of its standards. Then, we prescribe an organizational dynamics change for IOSCO, to enhance its engagement in promoting rigorous and homogeneous enforcement of IFRS globally. Lastly, we propose that IOSCO review, at least once every three years, cross-border listed firms’ financial reports using a comment letter approach. The results of such a review would be publicly available so that investors and creditors might be able to ascertain whether the financial reports published by cross-border listed firms are comparable with their cross-border listed competitors stating IFRS compliance.
History, archaeology and culture.
Authors: Spagnoli F. , Yavari A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This chapter discusses: (1) the etymology of the fig; (2) the domestication, dispersal and archaeological evidence of the fig; (3) fig in ancient Egypt; (4) the fig in Neolithic Levant and East Mediterranean; (5) figs in Greece and West Mediterranean in the Iron Age; (6) the fig in Roman culture; and (7) the fig tree in the Holy Books.
Taxonomy, botany and physiology.
Authors: Gaaliche B. , Narzary D. , Ben Mimoun M. , Sarkhosh A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the botany and physiology of the horticulturally important fig (Ficus carica) species. Through understanding of its reproductive complexity and developmental biology, complete genome sequencing could place the fig as a model plant in horticulture and evolutionary biology. And, in Mediterranean regions and Western Asia, where both cultivated and semiwild figs are found, a systematic germplasm collection of the traditional fig cultivars and wild relatives is imperative for proper germplasm management and conservation.
World fig cultivars.
Authors: Aljane F. , Neily M. H. , Rodrigues M. G. F. , Mazri C. , Stournaras V. , Kokaj T. , Yavari A. , Ferguson L. , Sarkhosh Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This chapter provides information on the various fig types, i.e. caprifig fig (Ficus carica var. sylvestris), common-type figs (F. carica var. hortensis), Smyrna-type figs (F. carica var. smyrna) and San Pedro-type figs (F. carica var. intermedia), their various cultivars and the countries where these cultivars are commonly cultivated. Notes on the adaptability to multiple microclimates, production methods, marketing and uses of these cultivars are also presented.
Irrigation and water requirements.
Authors: Abdolahipour M. , Kamgar-Haghighi A. A. , Sepaskhah A. R. , Davatgar N. , Dalir N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This chapter reviews the water requirements and irrigation strategies of rainfed fig trees. The supplemental irrigation of rainfed orchards and its effect on growth and yield, selection of irrigation method, and fertigation are discussed.
Arthropod pests of fig and their management.
Authors: Singh S. , Li Z. , Zhang Y. , Grieshop M. J. , Giliomee J. , Cocuzza G. E. Massimino , Sandhu R. K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the most important arthropod pests of fig, taking into consideration their destructiveness, distribution and regularity of occurrence, and discusses their main management approaches. Some of these arthropod pests include Phycodes radiata, Serrodes partita, Carpophilus hemipterus, Hypoborus ficus, Homotoma ficus, Bactrocera dorsalis, Frankliniella occidentalis and Tetranychus urticae, among others.
Laser properties of active media based on ZnSe doped with Fe and In from spray pyrolysis deposited films
Authors: Gavrishchuk E M , Savin D V , Tomilova T S , Ikonnikov V B , Kurashkin S V , Rodin S A , Kononov I G , Podlesnykh S V , Firsov K N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A technique was presented for obtaining laser media based on polycrystalline zinc selenide doped with iron from spray pyrolysis deposited films in the solid-phase diffusion process. The effect of the ligature film composition and the high-temperature treatment conditions on the lasing characteristics of Fe:(In):ZnSe active elements was investigated. Lasing with an energy of 100 mJ at a differential absorbed energy efficiency of 42% was obtained on 20 mm disk Fe:ZnSe element pumped by a pulsed electric-discharge HF laser.
Single-interface bioelectronic medicines—concept, clinical applications and preclinical data
Authors: Sevcencu Cristian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Presently, large groups of patients with various diseases are either intolerant, or irresponsive to drug therapies and also intractable by surgery. For several diseases, one option which is available for such patients is the implantable neurostimulation therapy. However, lacking closed-loop control and selective stimulation capabilities, the present neurostimulation therapies are not optimal and are therefore used as only ‘third’ therapeutic options when a disease cannot be treated by drugs or surgery. Addressing those limitations, a next generation class of closed-loop controlled and selective neurostimulators generically named bioelectronic medicines seems within reach. A sub-class of such devices is meant to monitor and treat impaired functions by intercepting, analyzing and modulating neural signals involved in the regulation of such functions using just one neural interface for those purposes. The primary objective of this review is to provide a first broad perspective on this type of single-interface devices for bioelectronic therapies. For this purpose, the concept, clinical applications and preclinical studies for further developments with such devices are here analyzed in a narrative manner.
Quantum unitary evolution interspersed with repeated non-unitary interactions at random times: the method of stochastic Liouville equation, and two examples of interactions in the context of a tight-binding chain
Authors: Das Debraj , Dattagupta Sushanta , Gupta Shamik 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the context of unitary evolution of a generic quantum system interrupted at random times with non-unitary evolution due to interactions with either the external environment or a measuring apparatus, we adduce a general theoretical framework to obtain the average density operator of the system at any time during the dynamical evolution. The average is with respect to the classical randomness associated with the random time intervals between successive interactions, which we consider to be independent and identically-distributed random variables. The formalism is very general in that it applies to any quantum system, to any form of non-unitary interaction, and to any probability distribution for the random times. We provide two explicit applications of the formalism in the context of the so-called tight-binding model relevant in various contexts in solid-state physics, e.g. in modelling nano wires. Considering the case of one dimension, the corresponding tight-binding chain models the motion of a charged particle between the sites of a lattice, wherein the particle is for most times localized on the sites, owing to spontaneous quantum fluctuations tunnels between the nearest-neighbour sites. We consider two representative forms of interactions, one that implements a stochastic reset of quantum dynamics in which the density operator is at random times reset to its initial form, and one in which projective measurements are performed on the system at random times. In the former case, we demonstrate with our exact results how the particle is localized on the sites at long times, leading to a time-independent mean-squared displacement (MSD) of the particle about its initial location. This stands in stark contrast to the behavior in the absence of interactions, when the particle has an unbounded growth of the MSD in time, with no signatures of localization. In the case of projective measurements at random times, we show that repeated projection to the initial state of the particle results in an effective suppression of the temporal decay in the probability of the particle to be found on the initial state. The amount of suppression is comparable to the one in conventional Zeno effect scenarios, but which it does not require us to perform measurements at exactly regular intervals that are hallmarks of such scenarios.
Weakly Aligned Molecules: From Molecular Detectors to Room-Temperature Tunable Masers
Authors: Roy Colin , Branković Zorica , Rostovtsev Yuri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe have developed and demonstrated a new mechanism of manipulation of population in molecular rotational levels in a weakly aligned molecules. The mechanism is based on an adiabatically changing electric field interacting with the molecules with dipole moments. Treating molecules as simple rotators, we have described their behavior using the density matrix taking into account the relaxation processes. We have considered the interaction of the weakly aligned molecules with a microwave field in a high finesse cavity. We have found that, on one hand, the population inversion can be reached in the ensemble of the weakly aligned molecules to be used for the maser operation at room temperature. On the another hand, we have found that the enhancement of the absorption can reach the theoretical limit and be used for gas sensing with high sensitivity and selectivity. Such sensors can efficiently analyze the multi-gas mixtures and be used for a huge range of applications – stretching from technology, sciences, control of environment, biology and medicine.
A general locomotion control framework for multi-legged locomotors
Authors: Chong Baxi , O Aydin Yasemin , Rieser Jennifer M , Sartoretti Guillaume , Wang Tianyu , Whitman Julian , Kaba Abdul , Aydin Enes , McFarland Ciera , Diaz Cruz Kelimar , Rankin Jeffery W , Michel Krijn B , Nicieza Alfredo , Hutchinson John R , Choset Howie , Goldman Daniel I 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Serially connected robots are promising candidates for performing tasks in confined spaces such as search and rescue in large-scale disasters. Such robots are typically limbless, and we hypothesize that the addition of limbs could improve mobility. However, a challenge in designing and controlling such devices lies in the coordination of high-dimensional redundant modules in a way that improves mobility. Here we develop a general framework to discover templates to control serially connected multi-legged robots. Specifically, we combine two approaches to build a general shape control scheme which can provide baseline patterns of self-deformation (‘gaits’) for effective locomotion in diverse robot morphologies. First, we take inspiration from a dimensionality reduction and a biological gait classification scheme to generate cyclic patterns of body deformation and foot lifting/lowering, which facilitate the generation of arbitrary substrate contact patterns. Second, we extend geometric mechanics, which was originally introduced to study swimming at low Reynolds numbers, to frictional environments, allowing the identification of optimal body–leg coordination in this common terradynamic regime. Our scheme allows the development of effective gaits on flat terrain with diverse numbers of limbs (4, 6, 16, and even 0 limbs) and backbone actuation. By properly coordinating body undulation and leg placement, our framework combines the advantages of both limbless robots (modularity and narrow profile) and legged robots (mobility). Our framework can provide general control schemes for rapid deployment of general multi-legged robots, paving the way toward machines that can traverse complex environments. In addition, we show that our framework can also offer insights into body–leg coordination in living systems, such as salamanders and centipedes, from a biomechanical perspective.
Phosphorene—an emerging two-dimensional material: recent advances in synthesis, functionalization, and applications
Authors: Chaudhary Vivek , Neugebauer P , Mounkachi O , Lahbabi S , El Fatimy A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are the focal point of intensive research efforts due to their unique properties and ability to reveal fascinating new phenomena. As an analog to graphene, phosphorene is a monolayer of black phosphorus crystals. Phosphorene obtained a special place among the family of 2D semiconducting materials because of its fascinating features such as high optical absorption, high carrier mobility, and several other attractive features having an exceptional interest in electronic and optoelectronic applications. The anisotropic orthorhombic crystal structure of phosphorene provides remarkable mechanical, electronic, optical, and transport properties. This review summarizes phosphorene’s chemical and physical properties and highlights the recent progress made in the synthesis. The application of phosphorene-based devices in high-speed electronics and optoelectronics has been surveyed. Also, sufficient emphasis has been given to emerging biomedical applications. Finally, phosphorene’s remaining challenges and potential applications are outlined.