bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do disease status and race affect the efficacy of zoledronic acid in patients with prostate cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials
Authors: Chen Chiwei , Lin Mandi , Yu Daocheng , Qin Weiting , Zhou Jianfu , Guo Lang , Huang Renlun , Fan Xinxiang , Xiang Songtao 
Published: September 2022

Background
Zoledronic acid (ZA) does not improve the overall survival (OS) of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC); however, little is known about the efficacy of ZA in to hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC), metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and non- metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of ZA in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and different disease statuses.

Methods
Fifteen eligible randomized-control trials (RCTs) with ZA intervention, including 8280 participants with HSPC, mHSPC, nmCRPC, and mCRPC, were analyzed. The primary and secondary outcome were overall survival(OS), and skeletal-related events (SREs), and bone mineral density (BMD).

Results
The participants included 8280 men (7856 non-Asian and 424 Asian). Seven trials yielded a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 0.95 (0.88, 1.03; P = 0.19) for OS. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant improvement in OS in the HSPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), M0 and M1(bone metastasis) groups, with pooled HR (95%CI) of 0.96 (0.88,1.05), 0.78 (0.46,1.33), 0.95 (0.81,1.13), 0.85 (0.69,1.04) respectively. The Asian group exhibited improved in OS with an HR of 0.67 (0.48, 0.95; P = 0.02), whereas the non-Asian group showed no improvement in OS with an HR of 0.97 (0.90, 1.06; P = 0.52). Five trials yielded pooled odds ratio (OR) of 0.65 (0.45, 0.95; P = 0.02) for SREs. In the subgroup, SREs were significantly decreased in the M1 and Asian groups with ORs of 0.65 (0.45, 0.95; P = 0.02) and 0.42 (0.24, 0.71; P = 0.001), respectively. Six trials yielded a pooled mean difference (MD) of 8.08 (5.79, 10.37; P < 0.001) for BMD. In the HSPC we observed a stable improvement in increased BMD percentage with an MD (95%CI) of 6.65 (5.67, 7.62) (P = 0.001).

Conclusions
ZA intervention does not significantly improve OS in patients with prostate cancer (HSPC, CRPC, M0, M1) but probably improves OS in the Asian populations. M1 and Asian groups had exhibit a significant reduction in SREs regardless of the HSPC or CRPC status after ZA administration. Moreover, ZA treatment increases BMD percentage.
Existence of solutions for a nonlinear problem at resonance
Authors: Haddaoui Mustapha , Lebrimchi Hafid , Ouhamou Brahim , Tsouli Najib 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we are interested at the existence of nontrivial solutions for a nonlinear elliptic problem with resonance part and nonlinear boundary conditions. Our approach is variational and is based on the well-known Landesman-Laser-type conditions.
Why Peer Support Matters: Entrepreneurial Stressors, Emotional Exhaustion, and Growth Intentions of Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Neneh Brownhilder Ngek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article builds on the stressor-strain-outcome framework to explain how entrepreneurial stressors (stressor) and emotional exhaustion (strain) hinder the growth intentions of women entrepreneurs (outcome). A stress-buffering hypothesis is also used to explain how peer support can buffer the entrepreneurial stressor – emotional exhaustion – growth intention relationship. Using a sample of 300 South African women entrepreneurs, our evidence demonstrates that in addition to a significant direct effect on growth intentions, entrepreneurial stressors also contribute to an increase in emotional exhaustion. This, in turn, hinders the growth intentions of women entrepreneurs. We argue that peer support plays a vital buffering role by significantly reducing the effect of entrepreneurial stressors on emotional exhaustion, shielding women entrepreneurs from the adverse effects of entrepreneurial stressors upon venture growth intentions. Finally, implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Geotourism and geoethics as support for rural development in the Knjaževac municipality, Serbia
Authors: Marjanović Miloš , Radivojević Aleksandar R. , Antić Aleksandar , Peppoloni Silvia , Di Capua Giuseppe , Lazarević Jelena , Marković Rastko S. , Tomić Nemanja , Milićević Ana Langović , Langović Zlatko , Mišić Ivica , Marković Slobodan B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to emphasise the geotourism potential and the values of geoethics as drivers of rural development in the territory of the Knjaževac municipality, which is one of the richest areas in Serbia in terms of geoheritage. Numerous objects of geomorphological and hydrological heritage stand out in an area of 1,202 km2. Despite this richness in geoheritage, the potential of geotourism development has been ignored by many stakeholders, and the geoheritage of this area has not been sufficiently explored and proposed for tourism purposes. This study makes an inventory of geosites in the municipality of Knjaževac. The selected sites were evaluated by applying the Modified Geosite Assessment Model to discover the most suitable geosites for future geotourism development, in order to select the geosite that possesses the greatest geotourism potential to support rural development. The results uncover information about the major areas of improvement for each evaluated geosite. Moreover, areas that demand more attention and better management in the upcoming period to become recognisable geotourism destinations were identified. It is pointed out that geoethical implications in geosite management can contribute to sustainable geoconservation in Eastern Serbia.
The response of Chudao’s beach to typhoon “Lekima” (No. 1909)
Authors: Zhang Xuri , Shi Hongyuan , Liu Zhiyi , Li Huaqing , Xing Hao , Wang Liyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The response of beaches to typhoons has always been a hot topic at home and abroad. The study of beach changes during typhoons is helpful to deepen the understanding of beach evolution and is important for the coastal ecological environment. Based on the observation results of ten profiles and the sediment samples in Chudao before and after the typhoon Lekima, this article explored the response characteristics of the beach to the typhoon. The results showed that the study area was located on the right side of the typhoon’s forward path, and the double superposition of onshore waves and storm surge resulted in erosion along the beach. In order to alleviate the energy brought by storm waves, the beach was transformed into a more dissipated state. The mean particle size of the beach sediments was coarse on the whole, with poor sorting ability, and that in the wash zone was particularly obvious. The results showed that different profiles responded to Lekima in different ways: while the profiles of N01–N05 in the southwest changed little, those of N06–N10 in the northeast changed from the type of beach shoulder to the type of sandbank as a result of morphological differences in different profiles.
Quid est veritas? Skeptische Implikationen von Ueber Wahrheit und Lüge im aussermoralischen Sinne
Authors: Gentili Carlo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Quid est veritas?
Skeptical Implications of
Ueber Wahrheit und Lüge im aussermoralischen Sinne
. This paper aims to examine the reach of the question “Was ist also Wahrheit?” – which introduces the definition of truth given by Nietzsche in Ueber Wahrheit und Lüge im aussermoralischen Sinne (1873). The question has undoubtedly an analogy in the question with which Pilate responds to Jesus in the Gospel of John. Starting with an analysis of the direct and recognized sources of Nietzsche’s text, this contribution shows how the Gospel background is, for Nietzsche, indirectly no less than directly, a crucial comparison that makes a decisive contribution to his conception of language.
On Liberty as a (Re-)Source for Nietzsche: Tracing John Stuart Mill in On the Genealogy of Morality
Authors: Schuster Sören E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
John Stuart Mill, whose relevance for Nietzsche’s late work has been documented by recent research, is not directly mentioned in On the Genealogy or Morality (1887). This article argues that Mill’s On Liberty (1859) nevertheless played a crucial role in the development of the Genealogy. Following a source-based methodology, three major references demonstrate how Nietzsche used On Liberty as a resource as he initiated and developed his own exploration into the origin of morality. After tracing Nietzsche’s reading of Mill through pencil marks in his copy of On Liberty, I discuss the reappearance of Mill’s motives and terminology as well as the explanatory power of Mill as a source for the respective sections in the Genealogy. It becomes clear to what extent Nietzsche adapts Mill and how he turns Mill’s own weapons against him through skillful transformations. The article concludes that instead of delivering the “better” Mill, Nietzsche builds up a fruitful tension between a then-common take on morality and its transgression.
Oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants: synthesis, surface activities and rheological properties as thickener
Authors: Zhou Ming , Deng Xinyi , Chen Yiping , Zhao Yaxiong , Ni Ruifeng , Huang Jiangyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, three oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants (Ⅲ1, Ⅲ2, and Ⅲ3) were prepared from different major raw materials, including long-chain alkyl amine (dodecyl amine, tetradecyl amine or cetyl amine), formic acid, formaldehyde, diethyl amine hydrochloride and epichlorohydrin. The synthesis conditions for one of the three surfactants, bis-[2-hydroxy-3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl)propyl]dipropylammonium chloride (Ⅲ1), were optimised by orthogonal experiments. The optimum synthesis conditions were: molar ratio of intermediate Ⅱ to intermediate Ⅰ1 = 1.0:2.2, reaction temperature = 85 °C and reaction time = 16 h. The structures of the three prepared compounds were characterised by FTIR and 1H NMR. Their thermal properties were evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The Geminisurfactants prepared exhibited better surface active properties than conventional single chain cationic surfactants. With increasing carbon chain length from C12 to C16, both CMC and surface tension γ
CMC decreased, while the viscosity of the thickening solution prepared with the synthesised oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants as the main component increased. The optimum thickening formula was: 2.0 wt% Ⅲ3 + 0.8 wt% sodium salicylate (NaSal) + 0.6 wt% KCl. The viscosity of the optimum thickening formulation was 190.4 mPa s. Gemini oligomeric cationic surfactants could be used as thickeners in the production of fracturing fluids, flooding agents and drilling fluids for oil and gas production in oil fields.
Leitfaden zur Einführung digitaler Produkte im Maschinenbau
Authors: Kreutzkamm Paul Lasse , Weber Marc-André 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Digitale Produkte ermöglichen dem Maschinen- und Anlagenbau vollkommen neue Umsatzmöglichkeiten durch die Etablierung serviceorientierter Geschäftsmodelle. Für deren Kunden ermöglichen sie Funktionserweiterungen und Prozessoptimierungen. Zur Realisierung der Vielzahl an Vorteilen bedarf es der Überwindung zahlreicher Herausforderungen. Der in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Leitfaden umfasst eine schrittweise Darstellung der wichtigsten Handlungen während des Einführungsprozesses. Er richtet sich an Maschinen- und Anlagenbauer, die ihr derzeitiges Angebotsportfolio um digitale Produkte erweitern oder ergänzen möchten.
Systematik für Kennzahlen in der Produktion
Authors: Erlach Klaus , Böttcher Lena , Teriete Tim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractZur Bewertung der Produktion existieren viele heterogen definierte Kennzahlen. Für die zunehmende Digitalisierung der Datenerfassung und der Datenauswertung sind jedoch deren eindeutige Definition, Benennung und Berechnung zwingend erforderlich, weil nur so eine korrekte Implementierung möglich ist. Als systematische Basis wird hier mit der Kennzahlenpyramide erstmals eine klare Hierarchie der Produktionskennzahlen vom Messsignal bis zur Kennzahl höherer Ordnung eingeführt. Ferner werden die für die Produktion erforderlichen Kennzahlklassen abgeleitet und zur Verdeutlichung mit einheitlicher Nomenklatur versehen. Das neu eingeführte Flussdiagramm der Kennzahlenbildung für den Datenfluss von der Messung bis zur übergeordneten Produktionskennzahl zeigt, wie aus bloßen Daten Wissen erzeugt wird. Beispiele aus der Wertstromanalyse veranschaulichen dies als Grundlage für die Digitalisierung der Wertstrommethode.
Adaptive Steuerungssoftware für die frei verkettete Montage
Authors: Mathews Julius B. , Hort Simon , Schmitt Robert H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Durch gestiegene Variantenvielfalt wird in der Linienmontage der Produktfluss erschwert, die Stationsauslastung sinkt und die Kosten steigen. Einen Lösungsansatz bietet die frei verkettete Montage. Hierfür wird die Linie ähnlich dem Werkstattprinzip neu angeordnet und durch fahrerlose Transportfahrzeuge gekoppelt. Dieser Beitrag erklärt die Herausforderungen der frei verketteten Montage und wie deren Potenziale durch die Implementierung einer adaptiven Steuerungssoftware gehoben werden können.
Automatisierter Stapelprozess zur Herstellung von Festkörperbatterien
Authors: Plocher Lorenz , Plumeyer Jan Felix , Wennemar Sarah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Batterien gewinnen als Energiespeicher im mobilen und stationären Umfeld zunehmend an Bedeutung. Eine vielversprechende Weiterentwicklung der aktuellen Lithium-Ionen-Batterietechnologie stellt die sogenannte Festkörperbatterie dar. Hier wird der flüssige Bestandteil der Batterie durch eine feste, zum Beispiel keramische, Schicht ersetzt. Der Einsatz neuer Materialien hat weitreichende Einflüsse auf die Produktionsprozesse. Unter anderem stellt die Handhabungstechnik der spröden keramischen Schichtverbunde die Produktionstechnik in der Großserie vor neue Herausforderungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird daher ein automatisierter Stapelprozess von keramischen Festkörperbatterien untersucht. Als Ergebnis der praktischen Umsetzung konnten Handlungsempfehlungen für eine mögliche Skalierung des Stapelprozesses in einen industriellen Produktionsmaßstab abgeleitet werden.
Insulinoma: a quarter century of dietary control
Authors: Boharoon Hessa , Navalkissoor Shaunak , Luong Tu Vinh , Caplin Martyn , Grossman Ashley 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Insulinomas are rare pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) that are typically sporadic and solitary, with the majority being <2 cm in diameter at diagnosis. The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis is variable; however, this is usually in the region of 12–18 months. We report on an insulinoma diagnosed some 25 years following initial symptoms, having by that stage attained a diameter of 4 cm. We present a 50-year-old man who was reported with hypoglycaemic symptoms on his wedding 25 years prior to eventual confirmation of an insulinoma. He had since learned to live with the symptoms by eating frequently to manage his hypoglycaemia. However, over recent months, he reported a substantial deterioration in his symptoms, and indeed, had collapsed on two occasions. He had a fasting glucose of 2.9 mmol/L with grossly inappropriate elevated insulin and C-peptide levels. MRI demonstrated a 4.1 cm lesion at the body of pancreas and an indeterminate 9-mm liver lesion with a negative 68Gallium-DOTATATE PET scan. Accordingly, he was initiated on diazoxide and referred to the surgical team for distal pancreatectomy: histology confirmed a 4.4-cm well-differentiated pancreatic NEN of intermediate grade (NEN G2, Grade 2, 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) pancreatic-NEN classification), with positive immunohistochemistry for insulin. His hypoglycaemia episodes have ceased, and he remains under active surveillance. Our case demonstrates the possibility of dietary control of insulinoma-induced hypoglycaemia, and the likelihood that such a prolonged delay in diagnosis has led to the uncommonly large size of the apparently benign tumour which is usually ‘small and indolent’.

Learning points

Most patients with insulinomas have lesions that are 1–2 cm in size, with 96% being less than 3 cm.

The mean tumour size of insulinomas found in 3 of the largest reported series was 1.5 cm, with a range of 0.1–7.0 cm.

It is not uncommon for patients to have symptoms for several months to years before diagnosis; however, no reported cases had the symptoms such long for 25 years, and the large size of the tumour in this case may reflect the very long history.
Hypoparathyroidism: an uncommon adverse effect of treatment with durvalumab
Authors: Kreze Alexander , Homer Matěj , Barešová Tereza , Klemperová Kristina 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies approved for the treatment of numerous cancer types. Toxicities induced by ICIs may affect any organ system and manifest as endocrinopathy. The main side effects related to treatment are immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially thyroid dysfunction and hypophysitis. Rare endocrine irAEs are diabetes insipidus, hypoparathyroidism, thyrotoxic crisis and hypogonadism. We report a case of hypoparathyroidism induced by ICI treatment with durvalumab, which has not previously been described.

Learning points

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is associated with many endocrine side effects.

It is recommended that patients treated with ICIs are observed by an endocrinologist.

If side effects are treated accordingly, ICI therapy can continue.
Tumour volume is a predictor of lymphovascular invasion in differentiated small thyroid cancer
Authors: Vikneson Krishna , Haniff Tariq , Thwin May , Aniss Ahmad , Papachristos Alex , Sywak Mark , Glover Anthony 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
For small thyroid cancers (≤2 cm), tumour volume may better predict aggressive disease, defined by lymphovascular invasion (LVI) than a traditional single measurement of diameter. We aimed to investigate the relationship between tumour diameter, volume and associated LVI.

Methods
Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) ≤ 2 cm surgically resected between 2007 and 2016 were analysed. Volume was calculated using the formula for an ellipsoid shape from pathological dimensions. A ‘larger volume’ cut-off was established by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis using the presence of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis (N1b). Logistic regression was performed to compare the ‘larger volume’ cut-off to traditional measurements of diameter in the prediction.

Results
During the study period, 2405 DTCs were surgically treated and 523 met the inclusion criteria. The variance of tumour volume relative to diameter increased exponentially with increasing tumour size; the interquartile ranges for the volumes of 10, 15 and 20 mm diameter tumours were 126, 491 and 1225 mm3, respectively. ROC analysis using volume to predict N1b disease established an optimal volume cut-off of 350 mm3 (area under curve = 0.59, P = 0.02) as ‘larger volume’. ’Larger volume’ DTC was an independent predictor for LVI in multivariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 1.7, P = 0.02), whereas tumour diameter > 1 cm was not (OR = 1.5, P = 0.13). Both the volume > 350 mm3 and dimension > 1 cm were associated with greater than five lymph node metastasis and extrathyroidal extension.

Conclusion
In this study for small DTCs ≤ 2 cm, the volume of >350 mm3 was a better predictor of LVI than greatest dimension > 1 cm.
Diurnal Variation in Frequency and Severity of Croup in the Emergency Department
Authors: Walsh Patrick S. , Lipshaw Matthew J. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND
Emergency department (ED) presentation for croup is thought to occur more often at night, but evidence for its diurnal variation is sparse. Our objectives were to describe the diurnal patterns of ED presentation in children with croup and to determine whether time of arrival associated with severe clinical outcomes.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System. We included children 3 months to 11 years of age with an ED encounter for croup from 2016 through 2020. We quantified ED encounters by arrival hour and used generalized linear mixed-effects models to determine association between arrival time and racemic epinephrine use, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and revisits.

RESULTS
There was considerable diurnal variation in ED visits for croup. A total of 126 186 children (60.1%) presented to the ED at night (between 8 pm and 8 am), and 83 763 children presented during the day (39.9%). Peak arrival time was 12:00 am (14 189 encounters) and the nadir was at 2:00 pm (5231 encounters). Children presenting during overnight hours had increased odds of the use of racemic epinephrine (odds ratio [OR] 1.33; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.30-1.36), but reduced odds of hospitalization (OR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.73-0.78), ICU admission (OR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.58-0.68), and 3 day ED revisits (OR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.83-0.90).

CONCLUSIONS
Children with croup present to the ED more commonly at night. Children presenting to the ED with croup at night have greater odds of being treated with racemic epinephrine, but reduced odds of hospitalization, ICU admission, and return visits.
Курсовая и предметная системы биологического образования Российской империи
Authors: Zharova Ekaterina 
Published: September 2022

Жарова Екатерина Юрьевна — кандидат биологических наук, ассистент кафедры зоологии и анатомии Брянского государственного университета им. академика И.Г. Петровского. Эл. адрес: caty-zharr@yandex.ru Адрес: Россия, 241036, г. Брянск, ул. Бежицкая, д. 14.Описывается история развития биологического образования на физико-математических факультетах российских университетов в XIX — начале XX в.Выделяются наиболее важные этапы становления и развития биологического образования: разделение физико-математических факультетов на математическое и естественное отделения, завершившееся в основном к концу 1840-х гг.; введение для студентов-естественников и медиков обязательных практических занятий в лабораториях, осуществленное после принятия университетского Устава 1863 г., который, кроме этого, дал возможность студентам естественных отделений специализироваться в области химии, геологии, географии, различных отделов биологии. Наиболее существенные изменения в учебный процесс внес последний университетский Устав 1884 г., который отменил привычные ежегодные экзамены, заменив их зачетами полугодий.На примере естественного отделения Петербургского университета рассмотрены изменения в образовательном процессе, которые произошли при переходе с курсовой на предметную систему в 1906/1907 учебном году. Показано, что введение предметной системы практически не изменило порядок прохождения университетского курса студентами-естественниками, поскольку еще ранее на факультетах практиковалась специализация внутри отделений. Подчеркивается, что в рамках как предметной, так и курсовой системы обучения начала XX в. российские студенты могли получить качественное биологическое образование, поскольку им была предоставлена возможность заниматься научными исследованиями в лабораториях с необходимым инструментарием в любом университетском центре.