bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Otogenic intracranial abscessation secondary to an inflammatory polyp with chronic otitis media/interna in a cat
Authors: Bancroft Sara , Heinrich Nicole , Wolf Christina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA 2‐year‐old spayed female domestic short haired cat presented for evaluation of chronic lethargy, inappetence and otitis media/interna that developed secondary to an inflammatory polyp, which had been removed via traction a month prior to presentation. Upon presentation, the cat displayed mild vestibular ataxia and left head tilt, in addition to a bulging left tympanic membrane. Therapy with broad‐spectrum antibiotic therapy and anti‐inflammatory corticosteroids was initiated, however the cat soon developed signs of central vestibular disease and obtunded mentation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed left‐sided otitis media/interna and cerebellar abscessation. Surgical debridement of the abscess was indicated but declined by the owner in favour of euthanasia.
Mechanistic aspects of thiol additions to Michael acceptors: Insights from computations
Authors: Roseli Ras Baizureen , Keto Angus B. , Krenske Elizabeth H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComputational studies have delivered valuable mechanistic insights into thiol Michael additions, which are important CS bond‐forming reactions used in biological and materials chemistry. The field has delivered a wealth of understanding about the ways in which substituents, catalysts, and the local environment influence the addition pathway. Several mechanistic scenarios are now recognized, differing with respect to the energies and timing of the bond‐forming processes. While technical challenges still exist, the field has advanced to such an extent that full‐scale simulations of the additions of Michael acceptors to protein thiol groups are now possible.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Reconciling the Asymmetry with Contemporary Physics
Authors: Grandjean Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs has previously been argued, the growing block theory of time (GBT), since it is essentiallyasymmetrical(necessarily sometimes the structure it describes is not reflection invariant), while it acceptsTemporal Becoming(new things are created in the present), is better positioned than the traditional models of the temporal structure of the world (eternalism and presentism) to accommodate our intuition that the future is open and the past fixed. However, GBT (like any other A-theory of time) is often criticized for conflicting with some important results of contemporary physics (e.g., by requiring an absolute notion of objective simultaneity). In this chapter, I argue that GBT, far from being disqualified by contemporary physics, might be underpinned by some recent approaches to quantum gravity, especially CST.
Towards a Theory of De-Europeanization, an Elite-Based Approach
Authors: Martin-Russu Luana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMartin-Russu offers a critical analysis of the existing scholarship, focusing in particular on enlargement-led Europeanization studies and locating them in the wider context of European Integration research. She identifies two major gaps in the literature: the lack of a theoretically grounded model of de-Europeanization substantiated through fine-grained analyses of domestic transposition; and the lack of sufficient empirical research on the relevance of domestic political elites for the success and stability of EU-led reforms. This chapter illustrates how her study bridges these gaps. It proposes a theoretical framework that explains Romania’s selective backsliding—its reversing of reforms in some domains much more than in others—and links this reform reversal with the pursuit of narrow personal interests by the domestic political elite.
Fragmentation: A Trait of the Romanian Political Elite
Authors: Martin-Russu Luana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith this chapter, Martin-Russu starts her empirical analysis by examining the structural factors that influence the composition and conduct of the Romanian political elite. The observed high level of fragmentation of this elite during the last decades results from a narrow and shallow pattern of elite renewal, from conflicting institutional or organizational interests and from a lack of value consensus among elite members. All these factors exacerbate a struggle for power, they work in favour of a pursuit of narrow particular interests at high levels of decision-making, leading to the failure of democracy even where democratic institutions are in place.The chapter shows a political environment in which the major Romanian political parties experience numerous splits and mergers, several opportunistic coalitions are forged in the run-up to or midway between parliamentary elections, and numerous party members abruptly change their affiliation in order to obtain secure political positions. It provides a revealing example of over-fragmentation: a political climate of distrust, uncertainty and unpredictability that favours self-interested behaviour, and in which elected elites can be bound neither to take account of the preferences of their own party, nor to take into account the concerns of their electorate.
Romania’s Justice and Anti-Corruption Reform: A Stubborn Divergence from European Norms in Pursuit of Personal Gains
Authors: Martin-Russu Luana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, Martin-Russu shifts towards an in-depth observation of the elite’s legislative conduct in the area of anti-corruption. The analysis focuses on the concrete developments of Romania’s public integrity law (i.e. the initially adopted act, its different provisions and its development over more than a decade), which clearly show a pattern of diluting existing legislation, with repeated subtle attempts to reverse positive reform steps already undertaken.The chapter illustrates how the use of inadequate and hasty procedures and the adoption of amendments inconsistent and ill-fitted to the scope of the law can hardly be justified as being in the interests of society as a whole, being driven solely by the narrow self-serving purposes of the elite. This self-serving conduct of the political elite has dire consequences for the quality of legislation, for the quality of institutional interactions, and more importantly, for the level of public trust and the political engagement of the nonelite.
Theoretische Ansätze zu Intergruppenkonflikten
Authors: Diekmann Isabell 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungWie in diesem Zitat von Rogers Brubaker angedeutet, gibt es zahlreiche unterschiedliche Identifizierungsangebote für Individuen, von denen die Religionszugehörigkeit nur ein einziges ist. Die Idee multipler Gruppenzugehörigkeiten von Menschen, die unter anderem Muslim*innen sind, wird in diesem Kapitel entwickelt und im Kontrast zum deutlich abstrakteren Islam als Religion diskutiert.
Differenzierung nach Adressat*innen? Dimensionen und Prädiktoren von Islam- und Muslim*innenfeindlichkeit
Authors: Diekmann Isabell 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungEinige wenige Studien haben sich bisher intensiv mit der Entflechtung von Islam- und Muslim*innenfeindlichkeit auseinandergesetzt (vgl. Abschn. 3.4.2). Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass islambezogene und muslim*innenbezogene Items in der Tat unterschiedliche Dimensionen eines zwei- (oder sogar mehr-) dimensionalen Konstrukts abbilden (vgl. Diekmann 2017, 2020b; Frindte & Dietrich 2017; Uenal 2016; Uenal et al. 2021). In einem ersten Schritt geht es daher nun darum zu überprüfen, ob Ähnliches auch für die vorliegenden Daten gilt.
Good Muslims, Bad Islam? Das Ausmaß feindlicher Einstellungen im Vergleich
Authors: Diekmann Isabell 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungNachdem theoretisch hergeleitet geworden ist, dass Islam- und Muslim*innenfeindlichkeit als zwei Dimensionen eines übergeordneten Phänomens verstanden werden können (im Sinne von Abschn. 3.2 als zwei Säulen innerhalb des antimuslimischen Rassismus) und empirisch belegt wurde, dass diese beiden Dimensionen nicht identisch, aber auch nicht völlig unabhängig voneinander sind und in unterschiedlicher Weise von den untersuchten Prädiktoren charakterisiert werden können, steht im Folgenden die nicht minder zentrale Frage nach dem Ausmaß feindlicher Einstellungen gegenüber dem Islam und gegenüber Muslim*innen im direkten Vergleich im Fokus. Durch die identische Formulierung der Aussagen zu Islam und Muslim*innen und die daraus resultierende gleiche Stärke der Items lassen sich Zustimmungswerte zu islam- und muslim*innenfeindlichen Aussagen direkt miteinander vergleichen. Um Verzerrungen zu vermeiden, erfolgte die Zuordnung der Befragten zu den einzelnen Fragebogenversionen randomisiert.
Assoziationen mit Islam und Muslim*innen: frequenz- und valenzanalytische Annäherungen
Authors: Diekmann Isabell 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungEine so explizite Differenzierung zwischen Menschen und ihrer Religion, wie sie ein*e Befragte*r hier äußert, findet sich eher selten in den Daten. Aus diesem Grund bietet sich ein direkter Vergleich an: An was denken die Befragten, wenn sie den Begriff Islam lesen? An was denken sie, wenn es um Muslim*innen geht? Welche Frames werden jeweils aktiviert? Welche Assoziationen werden geweckt? Die Analyse der Deutungsrahmen der Befragten soll helfen, verknüpfte Bedeutungen mit den Begriffen Islam und Muslim*innen zu verstehen. Divergierende Deutungsrahmen können als Indikator für eine notwendige Differenzierung verstanden werden.
Schwarzian for colored Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity
Authors: Alkalaev Konstantin , Joung Euihun , Yoon Junggi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the boundary effective action of the colored version of the Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity. We derive the boundary action, which is the color generalization of the Schwarzian action, from the su(N, N) BF formulation of the colored JT gravity. Using different types of the SU(N, N) group decompositions both the zero and finite temperature cases are elaborated. We provide the semi-classical perturbative analysis of the boundary action and discuss the instability of the spin-1 mode and its implication for the quantum chaos. A rainbow-AdS2 geometry is introduced where the color gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken.
In situ process monitoring in laser-based powder bed fusion of polyamide 12 using thermal imaging
Authors: Hofman Joseph , Wudy Katrin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite extensive research, new plastic powders must still be qualified for laser-based powder bed fusion using trial and error. Furthermore, part properties such as mechanical properties, surface roughness, or density exhibit a comparatively low reproducibility. Recent progress in the field of process monitoring, however, indicates that infrared thermography can be used to correlate melt pool temperatures with the resulting part properties. The analysis of the influence of process parameters on the resulting melt pool temperatures has up until now been limited to the evaluation of the maximum temperature during exposure and the mean temperature at arbitrary moments after exposure. However, the cooling rate of the polymer melt is also essential. To prove this hypothesis, a continuous data stream, which enables an automated calculation of characteristic processing times and temperatures, is introduced within the scope of this work. Single-layer specimens are manufactured with various energy inputs, while the resulting temperature of the melt is recorded using thermal imaging. The peak temperatures are combined with the characteristics that describe the temperature decay after exposure, such as a decay time determined at a specific cooling rate. These metrics quantify the cooling behavior of melt pools in a systematic and reproducible way. Furthermore, the sequence of decay values at different cooling rates can potentially be combined with existing process knowledge to differentiate process regimes. The presented approach can be used to create a more in-depth process understanding in later works, thereby enabling applications such as in-situ quality assurance.
Adaptive Individualized high-dose preoperAtive (AIDA) chemoradiation in high-risk rectal cancer: a phase II trial
Authors: Guido Alessandra , Cuicchi Dajana , Castellucci Paolo , Cellini Francesco , Di Fabio Francesca , Llimpe Fabiola Lorena Rojas , Strigari Lidia , Buwenge Milly , Cilla Savino , Deodato Francesco , Macchia Gabriella , Galietta Erika , Golfieri Rita , Ardizzoni Andrea , Zagari Rocco Maurizio , Fanti Stefano , Poggioli Gilberto , Fuccio Lorenzo , Morganti Alessio G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the pathological complete response (pCR) rate of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after adaptive high-dose neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) based on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG-PET/CT).

Methods
The primary endpoint was the pCR rate. Secondary endpoints were the predictive value of 18 F-FDG-PET/CT on pathological response and acute and late toxicity. All patients performed 18 F-FDG-PET/CT at baseline (PET0) and after 2 weeks during CRT (PET1). The metabolic PET parameters were calculated both at the PET0 and PET1. The total CRT dose was 45 Gy to the pelvic lymph nodes and 50 Gy to the primary tumor, corresponding mesorectum, and to metastatic lymph nodes. Furthermore, a sequential boost was delivered to a biological target volume defined by PET1 with an additional dose of 5 Gy in 2 fractions. Capecitabine (825 mg/m2 twice daily orally) was prescribed for the entire treatment duration.

Results
Eighteen patients (13 males, 5 females; median age 55 years [range, 41–77 years]) were enrolled in the trial. Patients underwent surgical resection at 8–9 weeks after the end of neoadjuvant CRT. No patient showed grade > 1 acute radiation-induced toxicity. Seven patients (38.8%) had TRG = 0 (complete regression), 5 (27.0%) showed TRG = 2, and 6 (33.0%) had TRG = 3. Based on the TRG results, patients were classified in two groups: TRG = 0 (pCR) and TRG = 1, 2, 3 (non pCR). Accepting p < 0.05 as the level of significance, at the Kruskal–Wallis test, the medians of baseline-MTV, interim-SUVmax, interim-SUVmean, interim-MTV, interim-TLG, and the MTV reduction were significantly different between the two groups. 18 F-FDG-PET/CT was able to predict the pCR in 77.8% of cases through compared evaluation of both baseline PET/CT and interim PET/CT.

Conclusions
Our results showed that a dose escalation on a reduced target in the final phase of CRT is well tolerated and able to provide a high pCR rate.
A Comparative Study of an Integrated Ultrasonic/Bipolar Sealing Device Versus an Articulating Bipolar Sealing Device for Laparoscopic Liver Surgery
Authors: Provoost An‐Lies , D'Hondt Mathieu , Willems Edward , De Meyere Celine , Parmentier Isabelle , Devooght Anne , Pottel Hans , Verslype Chris 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSealing devices (SD) seal and cut tissue through different energy modalities, and are routinely used in laparoscopic liver surgery (LLS). The aim of this study is to compare the outcome of Thunderbeat (TB), an integrated ultrasonic/bipolar SD, versus Enseal (ES), an articulating bipolar SD, in LLS.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted in a single center from December 2013 to September 2020. The primary endpoint was difference in blood loss (BL) between ES and TB. Secondary endpoints were complications, operative time, hospital stay, and 90‐day mortality.Results352 patients were identified: TB (n = 105) and ES (n = 247). Median BL was significantly lower with TB (50 mL [20–120]) compared to ES (100 mL [50–250]) (p < 0.0001). Significant differences were identified for median operative time (TB 115 min [45–300]) vs. ES 140 min [40–370]; p = 0.0008) and median hospital stay (TB 2 days [1–4] vs. ES 4 days [3–6]; p < 0.0001). No major differences were encountered for postoperative bleeding (TB 0% vs. ES 1%; p = 0.5574), biliary leak (TB 1% vs. ES 2%; p = 1.0000), and 90‐day mortality (TB 0% vs. ES 1%; p = 1.0000).ConclusionThe integrated ultrasonic/bipolar SD is superior to the articulating bipolar SD in LLS for intraoperative BL without an increase in complications.
The manifestation of affective symptoms in multiple sclerosis and discussion of the currently available diagnostic assessment tools
Authors: Filser Melanie , Buchner Axel , Fink Gereon Rudolf , Gold Stefan M. , Penner Iris-Katharina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
In addition to physical and cognitive symptoms, patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have an increased risk of experiencing mental health problems.

Methods
This narrative review provides an overview of the appearance and epidemiology of affective symptoms in MS such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, euphoria, and pseudobulbar affect. Furthermore, the association between affective symptoms and quality of life and the currently used diagnostic instruments for assessing these symptoms are considered whereby relevant studies published between 2009 and 2021 were included in the review.

Results
Patients with mild and moderate disability more frequently reported severe problems with depression and anxiety than severe mobility problems. Apart from the occurrence of depression, little is known about the association of other affective symptoms such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, euphoria, and pseudobulbar affect and subsyndromal symptoms, which fail to meet the diagnostic criteria but are nevertheless a significant source of distress. Although there are a few recommendations in the research to perform routine screenings for diagnosable affective disorders, a standardized diagnostic procedure to assess subsyndromal symptoms is still lacking. As the applied measurements are diverse and show low accuracy to detect these symptoms, patients who experience affective symptoms are less likely to be identified.

Discussion
In addition to the consideration of definite psychiatric diagnoses, there is an unmet need for a common definition and assessment of disease-related affective symptoms in MS. Future studies should focus on the improvement and standardization of a common diagnostic procedure for subsyndromal affective symptoms in MS to enable integrated and optimal care for patients.
Interdisciplinary surgical approach enables complete tumor resection with preservation of neurological function in specific conditions of pediatric solid malignancies
Authors: Urla Cristian , Fuchs Jörg , Grimm Alexander , Schmidt Andreas , Schäfer Jürgen , Schuhmann Martin U. , Warmann Steven W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Success of pediatric solid tumor surgery is regularly hampered by infiltration of essential neurovascular structures. A surgical dilemma arises when imaging data suggest a conflict between complete resection and preservation of neurological function. The aim of the study was to analyze data of children harboring tumors with involvement of neurovascular structure treated by an interdisciplinary pediatric surgical/neurosurgical team.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of 25 children undergoing surgery for solid tumors, in whom preoperative imaging showed a relevant involvement of nerve structures. Surgery was simultaneously performed by a pediatric onco-surgeon and a pediatric neurosurgeon with peripheral nerve expertise, including intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring.

Results
The following tumors were treated: NF1 associated neurofibromas (10), neuroblastomas (5), desmoid tumors (2), MPNST (2), ganglioneuroma (1), Ewing sarcoma (1), infantile fibromatosis (1), PNET (1), rhabdomyosarcoma (1), angiolipoma (1). The most frequent tumor localizations were the pelvis (n = 7) and retroperitoneal region (n = 6). Median age at surgery was 8 years (1.5–16). Macroscopically complete tumor resection was achieved in 24/25 patients. In 2/4 patients with limb tumors an amputation was planned externally. In both, a limb-salvage procedure was possible. Transient postoperative neurological deficits occurred in 2/25 patients. Four patients had tumor relapses. All but one are alive after a median follow-up of 46 months (2–155).

Conclusions
Simultaneous interdisciplinary pediatric surgical/neurosurgical approach enables radical tumor resection with preservation of neurological function in patients suffering from solid tumors with involvement of relevant neurovascular structures. This approach should be performed by experienced surgeons in reference pediatric onco-surgical centers.
A combined FD-HB approximation method for steady-state vibrations in large dynamical systems with localised nonlinearities
Authors: Kappauf Jonas , Bäuerle Simon , Hetzler Hartmut 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe approximation of steady-state vibrations within non-linear dynamical systems is well-established in academics and is becoming increasingly important in industry. However, the complexity and the number of degrees of freedom of application-oriented industrial models demand efficient approximation methods for steady-state solutions. One possible approach to that problem are hybrid approximation schemes, which combine advantages of standard methods from the literature. The common ground of these methods is their description of the steady-state dynamics of a system solely based on the degrees of freedom affected directly by non-linearity—the so-called non-linear degrees of freedom. This contribution proposes a new hybrid method for approximating periodic solutions of systems with localised non-linearities. The motion of the non-linear degrees of freedom is approximated using the Finite Difference method, whilst the motion of the linear degrees of freedom is treated with the Harmonic Balance method. An application to a chain of oscillators showing stick-slip oscillations is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid framework. A comparison with both pure Finite Difference and Harmonic Balance method reveals a noticeable increase in efficiency for larger systems, whilst keeping an excellent approximation quality for the strongly non-linear solution parts.
Hepatic expression of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Nakano Dan , Akiba Jun , Tsutsumi Tsubasa , Kawaguchi Machiko , Yoshida Takafumi , Koga Hironori , Kawaguchi Takumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) occurs in the proximal renal tubule cells. We investigate the hepatic expression of SGLT2 and its related factors in patients with chronic liver disease. This is a retrospective human study. The liver tissues were biopsied from patients with chronic liver disease (n = 30). The expression levels of SGLT2 were evaluated by immunostaining. Furthermore, the undirected graphical model was used to identify factors associated with hepatic expression levels of SGLT2. The SGLT2 expression was observed in not only the kidney, but also the liver in immunostaining (SGLT2 intensity: kidney 165.8 ± 15.6, liver 114.4 ± 49.0 arbitrary units, P < 0.01) and immunoblotting. There was no significant difference in hepatic expression of SGLT2 in the stratified analysis according to age, sex, BMI, and the severity of the liver disease. In the undirected graphical model, SGLT2 directly interacted with various factors such as sex, fatty change, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, and albumin (partial correlation coefficient 0.4–0.6 for sex and 0.2–0.4 for others). The expression of SGLT2 was observed in the hepatocytes of patients with chronic liver disease. The undirected graphical model demonstrated the complex interaction of hepatic expression levels of SGLT2 with gender, inflammation, renal function, and lipid/glucose/protein metabolisms.