bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(In)visibilities About the Vulnerabilities of People with Visual Impairments to Disasters and Climate Change: A Case Study in Cuiabá, Brazil
Authors: Gomes Giselly , Marchezini Victor , Sato Michèle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeople with visual impairments (PwVI) represent a heterogeneous social group who often experience significant disabling barriers in exercising their rights throughout their life course. Understanding dimensions of vulnerability of PwVI to disasters and climate change is an important issue to reduce the culture of neglected disasters. To date, few studies have analyzed visual impairment and disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. This exploratory qualitative research project analyzed how to include PwVI in the DRR policies of Brazil. The research question is: how can we include PwVI in the discussion of DRR and climate change? The response to this question is part of a joint effort that involved a university, a hazard monitoring agency, and three institutions that work with PwVI. The three main results of the project are: (1) a mapping method to identify the exposure of PwVI to landslides and floods, and to create tactile risk maps tailored to them; (2) incorporating the voices of PwVI regarding their vulnerabilities and capacities with respect to disasters and climate change, achieved through shared interaction during 15 face to face interviews and one workshop attended by 100 people; and (3) an initiative of inclusive education to reduce some of the disabling barriers that intensify vulnerability.
Challenges in determination of microscopic degree of cleanliness in ultra-clean gear steels
Authors: Fuchs D. , Tobie T. , Stahl K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractShot-peened, case-hardened gears can fail in the tooth root due to crack initiation below the surface of the steel matrix. Here, the crack is initiated at a non-metallic inclusion in the center of a so-called fisheye. This failure type can lead to a reduced endurance fatigue limit of the gears. It is for this reason that, over the last decade, much effort has been invested by steel manufacturers to reduce the non-metallic inclusion content of gear steels so as to mitigate or even completely prevent such crack initiation. These ultra-clean gear steels were achieved by various measures in the steel production process. However, as a result, the remaining non-metallic inclusions are inhomogeneously distributed in the steel volume in terms of both size and location. However, due to the inhomogeneity of ultra-clean steels, the question arose if the values derived according to the standards are still representative of ultra-clean steel batches. The results show that the standards can still be applied, but more effort must be applied. To determine the degree of cleanliness, six microsections are currently evaluated according to steel test specification (SEP) 1571, method K. It is shown that an examination of 24 microsections starting from size class 0 seems beneficial to get more reliable and comparable results of the degree of cleanliness of these ultra-clean gear steels. In addition, it is shown that a high degree of cleanliness has been achieved for all steel batches investigated with the measures taken in the steel production process.
Catullus’ Priapean Poem (c. 17)
Authors: Watson Lindsay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCatullus 17 poses a host of interpretational difficulties. The thorniest of these concerns its unity. How can the initial lines on the rickety state of Colonia'sponticulusbe reconciled with the real focus of the poem, the precipitation from the bridge of a husband who is blind to his bride's erotic needs, in the hope of bringing him to his senses? Many attempts have been made to resolve the problem, but few persuade to any degree. This paper proposes that the key to the unity-question lies in Catullus’ adoption of the rare priapean metre. This manoeuvre expresses itself in two ways: first, by infusing the poem as a whole with the thematic colours ascribed to priapeans by ancient metricians, that is to say a ludic, countrified but also mock-epic ethos: second, and crucially, by constructing the doltishmaritus, the thematic locus of the poem, as analter egoof the eponymous deity of Priapean literature; for just like the god of that corpus, the husband of the poem is a conspicuous sexual under-achiever, the butt of mocking laughter, inurbane, and little more than an insensate block of wood. In sum, by readingc.17 through a specifically Priapean lens it is possible to discover in it an otherwise elusive unity.
Shameful Kisses: A History of the Reception – and Rejection – of Homoeroticism in Catullus
Authors: Lewis Maxine , Robertson Christina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe history of Catullus’ reception has been one of exclusion as much as inclusion. Since the seventeenth century, many Anglophone writers have used Catullus as inspiration for their translations, poetic adaptations, and novels. A great deal of these works occluded the role that male homoeroticism played in the Latin poems, especially by omitting Catullus’ male love object, Juventius. Writers have employed various techniques to deal with Catullus’ ‘problematic’ pagan mores: choosing to ignore the suite of poems associated with homoeroticism (for example, Wilder 1948); bowdlerising homoerotic language (such as Nott 1795, Cranstoun 1867, and Macnaghten 1899); and performing ‘gender swaps’ to portray male-male relationships as male-female (a technique employed to memorable effect by de La Chapelle in 1680, and later by Lamb in 1821). Excision of whole poems or bowdlerisation of obscene terms was also often used to deal with Catullus’ depictions of male-on-male sexual violence, a topic regularly entwined with the gentler homoerotic content. This article surveys, analyses, and explains this aspect of Catullus’ reception in English from 1659–1915.
Lesbia's Controversial Bird: Testing the Cases for and againstPasseras Sparrow
Authors: Green Ashleigh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe identity of thepasserin Catullus 2 and 3 has been a subject of controversy for hundreds of years.1Sir D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, the great authority on birds in the ancient world, sums it up best with his own musings: ‘Whatever Lesbia's “sparrow” may have been, I am pretty sure in my own mind […] that it was notPasser domesticus, the most intractable and least amiable of cage-birds.’2Some scholars opt for an obscene interpretation ofpasser, while others argue thatpassermust refer to a bird like a bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula). To test the validity of these arguments, this paper examines four key components of thepasserpoems, and thepasserdebates. Firstly, it determines the Roman cultural view of sparrows and whether they regarded the birds as pets, pests, or something else entirely. Secondly, it analyses Roman trends in bird-keeping and looks for other examples of petpasseresin art and literature. Thirdly, it considers actual bird behaviour to reveal whether a sparrow could act the way Catullus describes. Finally, it analyses the different potential meanings of the wordpasserto determine which birds fell under its descriptive umbrella. In this way we can judge whether thepasserwas indeed a sparrow while also determining the place of sparrows in Roman thought and pet-keeping culture.
Women's mental health in Mozambique: is maternity a protective factor?
Authors: Khan Saida , Scorza Pamela , Lovero Kathryn L. , dos Santos Palmira , Fumo Wilza , Camara Barbara , Oquendo Maria A. , Wainberg Milton L. , Fejo Marcelo , Duarte Cristiane S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroudGlobally, women have been shown to have high rates of common mental disorders (CMDs). In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), women face significant challenges related to maternity. However, no study has compared mental health problems among pregnant/post-partum women, childless women of childbearing age, and women with children in a low-income country. We sought to compare the frequency of CMD and suicide risk in a sample of women presenting or accompanying patients in primary care in two Mozambican semi-urban settings.MethodsWe administered the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview to 853 women, of whom 220 (25.8%) were pregnant/post-partum, 177 (20.8%) were non-pregnant and childless, and 456 (53.5%) were non-pregnant and with children more than 1-year-old. Logistic regression models compared the likelihood of a psychiatric disorder across groups, adjusting for sociodemographic and chronic-illness covariates.ResultsWe found a high frequency of CMD and suicide risk among all women in this low-income context sample. In adjusted models, no differences in rates of depression, anxiety, or panic disorder were observed among groups. However, suicide risk was higher in women without children than pregnant/post-partum women.ConclusionThe frequency of CMD among women of childbearing age in our study was higher than documented rates in high-income countries and other LMIC. Additionally, we found that motherhood was not protective and that pregnancy and the postpartum period were not stages of increased risk for most disorders. This highlights the need to expand mental health services not only for perinatal women but all women of childbearing age in this and possibly similar settings.
Leza, Sungu, and Samba: Digital Humanities and Early Bantu History
Authors: Fourshey Catherine Cymone , Gonzales Rhonda M. , Saidi Christine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn 2016, with the support of a three-year National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Collaborative Research Grant to research and write a precolonial African history of family, generations, and gender, we began building the Bantu Ancestral Roots Database (BARD). BARD is a digital repository of word-roots related to gender and life stage practices from over sixty Bantu languages. We developed it to assist us in our analysis of this large corpus of data that we used to write histories of people’s material and ideological inventions that cover thelongue duréeacross multiple regions. BARD allows researchers with internet access to search for terms by entering at least three consecutive phonemes. If phonemes exist in that sequence in any of the 64 Bantu languages that BARD holds, those words and their meanings appear as results. In this article, we discuss the usefulness and complexities of Digital Humanities (DH) as research tools. We explain our methodology and research process using three reconstructed word-roots pertinent to our research on family and generations. The three word-roots we examine invite scholars to probe how to recover deep connections and linkages between people’s pasts in Africa and its Diasporas, particularly in ways that move beyond histories of the slave trade and enslavement. As we developed our open-access website African Social History and Data Across Bantu Matrilineal Communities (ASH-DABMC) and our database, BARD, we gained greater insight into the meanings encoded in our data even as we faced challenges. We hope the discussion of our experiences will provide an intellectual framework and inspire others considering digital projects.
Freedom Narratives: The West African Person as the Central Focus for a Digital Humanities Database
Authors: Delgado Érika Melek 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the methodology behind the development of new tools of research for African history that are a user-friendly source for public engagement. The focus is on biographical profiles of West African people during the era of the trans-Atlantic slave trade, which is an innovative approach to social history. The representation of enslaved Africans has typically been numbers recorded in logs and accounts compiled by slave merchants and captains. Freedom Narratives is an open-source relational database that reveals the people who constitute those numbers.
Remembering Durban’s “Grey Street Casbah and surrounding”: Creating Urban History through Digital Spaces
Authors: Hoyer Cacee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe “Grey Street Casbah and surrounding” is a closed Facebook group about the historically “Indian” neighborhood in downtown Durban, South Africa. It creates an informal archival repository and provides a new space to reify contemporary understandings of historical places within the Durban Central Business District. The informal nature of this space allows the layperson the ability to participate in historical inquiry and exhibits the diverse ways places in Durban are remembered and memorialized. In this paper, I argue the wealth of knowledge generated on informal online platforms, such as this Facebook group, should influence and inform historical interpretations of our urban pasts.
Comparison of the feeding behaviour of primiparous and multiparous Jersey and Holstein cows kept under equal conditions throughout lactation
Authors: Gündel Sandra , Munksgaard Lene , Looft Christian , Foldager Leslie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of the study was to describe the feeding behaviour of primiparous and multiparous Jersey cows compared to Holstein cows housed in separate groups in the same barn. Such information could help farmers to optimise management with respect to welfare and production. Yet, it remains limited for Jersey cows over the entire period of lactation. Feeding data of 116 Danish Jersey (mean parity 2.14 ± 1.32) and 218 Danish Holstein cows (mean parity 1.90 ± 1.16) were assessed using automatic feeders from day 15 to 252 of lactation. Total eating duration, duration of eating per visit, intervals between meals, number of visits per day and the eating rate were analysed using linear mixed effects models. The cows were kept in a loose-housing system, with cubicles and automatic milking robots, and the group composition was dynamic. Compared to Holstein cows, Jersey cows visited the feeder significantly more often with shorter between meal intervals. However, the visit duration and total daily eating time and eating rates were significantly shorter for Jersey cows. There was no difference between breeds in the daily eating time and eating rate of older cows. Younger Jersey cows had significantly lower eating rates than older Jersey cows. No other difference in parity was found within Jersey cows. Weeks in milk significantly affected the eating time per day, number of visits per day and eating rate. The trajectories of outcome variables during lactation did not differ between the two breeds. In conclusion, we found substantial differences in the feeding behaviour of Jersey and Holstein cows, however, these differences could also be related to a group effect.
Imperial diplomacy: the French Montigny Mission of 1856–57
Authors: Lockhart Bruce M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn 1856–7 the French diplomat Charles de Montigny visited the three countries of Siam, Cambodia and Vietnam, hoping to establish some form of formal relations with all three. While he was able to sign a full diplomatic and commercial treaty in Bangkok, his negotiations with the Cambodian and Vietnamese rulers were largely fruitless. Even so, Montigny's visit prepared the ground for future French intervention and can be considered as the beginning of French implantation in Southeast Asia. Yet this article argues that his mission must be understood not as an episode of “gunboat diplomacy” resulting in “unequal treaties”, but rather as an example of largely non-coercive diplomacy occurring within an imperial framework.
ZERO-CYCLES ON NORMAL PROJECTIVE VARIETIES
Authors: Ghosh Mainak , Krishna Amalendu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe prove an extension of the Kato–Saito unramified class field theory for smooth projective schemes over a finite field to a class of normal projective schemes. As an application, we obtain Bloch’s formula for the Chow groups of
$0$
-cycles on such schemes. We identify the Chow group of
$0$
-cycles on a normal projective scheme over an algebraically closed field to the Suslin homology of its regular locus. Our final result is a Roitman torsion theorem for smooth quasiprojective schemes over algebraically closed fields. This completes the missing p-part in the torsion theorem of Spieß and Szamuely.
Seasonality of Interbasin SST Contributions to Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity
Authors: West Robert , Lopez Hosmay , Lee Sang‐Ki , Mercer Andrew E. , Kim Dongmin , Foltz Gregory R. , Balaguru Karthik 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that the difference in sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) between the tropical Atlantic main development region (MDR) and the tropical Pacific (Niño 3) modulates Atlantic tropical cyclone activity. This study further explores the seasonality of Pacific and Atlantic contributions to Atlantic hurricane activity. Our analysis shows that while MDR and Niño 3 SSTAs are equally important for late‐season (September–November) activity, early‐season (June‐August) activity is largely modulated by MDR SSTAs. This reflects the increased (reduced) variance of MDR (Niño 3) SSTAs in the early‐season due to their phase locking to the seasonal cycle. Further analysis yields skillful forecasts using an MDR‐Niño 3 interbasin index derived from hindcasts of the North American Multi‐Model Ensemble with May initial conditions. However, the prediction skill for MDR SSTAs is lower than that of Niño 3 SSTAs, suggesting that increasing the prediction skill for MDR SSTAs is key to improving seasonal outlooks.
RETRACTED: Rapid Acidification of the Arctic Chukchi Sea Waters Driven by Anthropogenic Forcing and Biological Carbon Recycling
Authors: Qi Di , Wu Yingxu , Chen Liqi , Cai Wei‐Jun , Ouyang Zhangxian , Zhang Yixing , Anderson Leif G. , Feely Richard A. , Zhuang Yanpei , Lin Hongmei , Lei Ruibo , Bi Haibo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe acidification of coastal waters is distinguished from the open ocean because of much stronger synergistic effects between anthropogenic forcing and local biogeochemical processes. However, ocean acidification research is still rather limited in polar coastal oceans. Here, we present a 17‐year (2002–2019) observational data set in the Chukchi Sea to determine the long‐term changes in pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωarag). We found that pH and Ωarag declined in different water masses with average rates of −0.0047 ± 0.0026 years−1 and −0.017 ± 0.009 years−1, respectively, and are ∼2–3 times faster than those solely due to increasing atmospheric CO2. We attributed the rapid acidification to the increased dissolved inorganic carbon owing to a combination of ice melt‐induced increased atmospheric CO2 invasion and subsurface remineralization induced by a stronger surface biological production as a result of the increased inflow of the nutrient‐rich Pacific water.
Transience of Riparian Freshwater Lenses
Authors: Jazayeri Amir , Werner Adrian D. , Irvine Dylan J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe current theory for defining the occurrence of riparian lenses (i.e., buoyant, lenticular‐shaped fresh groundwater bodies overlying saline groundwater in riparian zones) is largely based on steady‐state analyses, which neglect the transient dynamics expected in real‐world settings. In this study, the transience of riparian lens movement is investigated for the first time, considering a fully penetrating, gaining river (i.e., the river receives groundwater influxes), and rapid variations in hydraulic boundary conditions. Controlled laboratory experiments and numerical modeling are used to determine the timescales associated with lens movements. Both numerical and experimental timescales show asymmetric behavior in the growth and decline of lenses, whereby growing lenses involve longer timescales than those of shrinking lenses. Inverse relationships between timescales and final hydraulic gradients are observed, such that higher final hydraulic gradients involved shorter timescales. Results also revealed a time lag in the movement of the lens tip (i.e., where the lens and water table intersect) relative to the lens toe (i.e., intersection of the lens with the riverbank). Riparian lenses have near‐identical timescales regardless of whether the river water or aquifer hydraulic head varies, and rather, timescales are more sensitive to the final hydraulic gradient. Application of typical parameter ranges for the River Murray (South Australia) floodplains reveals timescales of years to more than a decade to expand the riparian lens by tens of meters. Insights into riparian lenses transience attained from the current study build on the understanding of transience obtained for other mixed‐convective hydrogeological processes, such as seawater intrusion and retreat.
Gas fiber lasers may represent a breakthrough in creating powerful radiation sources in the mid-IR
Authors: Pryamikov Andrey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractContinuous wave fiber laser created on the basis of silica glass negative curvature hollow core fiber filled with HBr make it possible to obtain efficient narrow linewidth mid-IR emission with a maximum laser power of about 500 mW at wavelength of 4200 nm. It is for the first time that emission from a continuous wave fiber laser have been achieved at a wavelength of 4496 nm with the largest tuning range of 686 nm.
Adenoma characteristics associated with post-polypectomy proximal colon cancer incidence: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Harewood Rhea , Wooldrage Kate , Robbins Emma C. , Kinross James , von Wagner Christian , Cross Amanda J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is less effective at reducing cancer incidence in the proximal colon compared to the distal colorectum. We aimed to identify adenoma characteristics associated with proximal colon cancer (PCC).

Methods
Endoscopy and pathology data for patients with ≥1 adenoma detected at baseline colonoscopy were obtained from 17 UK hospitals between 2001 and 2010. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PCC, and, for comparison, distal CRC incidence, by adenoma characteristics.

Results
Among 18,431 patients, 152 and 105 developed PCC and distal CRC, respectively, over a median follow-up of 9.8 years. Baseline adenoma characteristics positively associated with PCC incidence included number (≥3 vs. < 3: aHR 2.10, 95% CI: 1.42–3.09), histology (tubulovillous/villous vs. tubular: aHR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.10–2.35) and location (any proximal vs. distal only: aHR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.20–2.42), for which there was borderline evidence of heterogeneity by subsite (p = 0.055). Adenoma dysplasia (high vs. low grade) was associated with distal CRC (aHR 2.42, 95% CI: 1.44–4.04), but not PCC (p-heterogeneity = 0.023).

Conclusions
Baseline adenoma number, histology and proximal location were independently associated with PCC and may be important to identify patients at higher risk for post-polypectomy PCC.