bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poorer survival outcomes in patients with multiple versus single primary melanoma
Authors: Karapetyan Lilit , Yang Xi , Knight Andrew D. , Huang Ziyu , Wang Hong , Sander Cindy A. , Minnier Christopher P. , Wilson Melissa , Li Aofei , Karunamurthy Arivarasan , Storkus Walter J. , Kirkwood John M. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundGiven equivocal results related to overall survival (OS) for patients with multiple primary melanomas (MPMs) compared with those with single primary melanomas (SPMs) in previous reports, the authors sought to determine whether OS differs between these 2 cohorts in their center using their UPCI‐96‐99 database. Secondary aims were to assess the differences in recurrence‐free survival (RFS). In a subset of patients, transcriptomic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed to assess disease‐associated genes of interest.MethodsThis retrospective case‐controlled study included patients with MPMs and age‐, sex‐, and stage‐matched controls with SPMs at a 1:1 ratio. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the effect of the presence of MPMs on death and recurrence. NanoString PanCancer Immune Profiling was used to assess peripheral blood immune status in patients.ResultsIn total, 320 patients were evaluated. The mean patient age was 47 years; 43.8% were male. Patients with MPMs had worse RFS and OS (P = .023 and P = .0019, respectively). The presence of MPMs was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR], 4.52, P = .0006), and increased risk of disease recurrence (HR, 2.17; P = .004) after adjusting for age, sex, and stage. The degree of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was different between the first melanoma of MPMs and SPMs. Expression of CXCL6 and FOXJ1 was increased in PBMCs isolated from patients with MPMs.ConclusionsPatients with MPMs had worse RFS and OS compared with patients with SPMs. Immunologic differences were also observed, including TIL content and expression of CXCL6/FOXJ1 in PBMCs of patients with MPMs, which warrant further investigation.
Improving Solubility and Avoiding Hygroscopicity of Gatifloxacin by Forming Pharmaceutical Salt of Gatifloxacin‐2,3‐Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Based on Charge‐Assisted Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Liu Lixin , Liu Moqi , Zhang Yunan , Sun Weitong , Li Jinjing , Feng Yanru , Geng Yiding , Cheng Guangdong , Gong Yixia , Guo Yingxue , Wu Lili , Wang Chaoxing , Liu Yingli 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo improve the solubility of the fluoroquinolone drug gatifloxacin (GAT), a pharmaceutical salt of GAT with 2,3‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3‐HBA) is designed, synthesized, and characterized. This work is based on previous research into the synthesis of the pharmaceutical salts/cocrystals of fluoroquinolones. A comprehensive assessment of the crystal structure and the molecular electrostatic potential, as well as a Hirshfeld surface analysis, revealed that the H protons of the carboxylic groups in 2,3‐HBA are transferred to the N of the GAT piperazine ring. This results in the ionization of GAT to form charge‐assisted hydrogen bonds (CAHBs) and the construction of a crystal structure. It is precisely the conversion of GAT from a neutral state to an ionic state that results in a significant increase in the solubility of GAT‐2,3‐HBA. Surprisingly, in the process of increasing its solubility, the hygroscopic stability and the antibacterial activities in vitro of GAT‐2,3‐HBA is also superior to GAT. In this study, a pharmaceutical salt of gatifloxacin with targeted structures and desired properties, based on CAHBs is successfully designed and synthesized. These encouraging results suggest that CAHBs play a crucial role in adjusting molecular packing through a co‐crystallization strategy, thus improving the physicochemical properties of fluoroquinolones.
Investigation of the interaction of dense noble gas plasmas with cold cathodes: I—Experimental setup and application to Al, Cu, Ti, and graphite cathodes
Authors: Frohnert Sonja , Mentel Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe formation of arc spots on cold cathodes, called arcing, is an interference factor in all kinds of plasma technical devices. It is investigated by igniting an arc in a clean atmospheric pressure Ar or Kr filling of a stainless steel vessel. It is brought into interaction by a magnetic blast field with a negatively biased commutation electrode (CE), formed by a rod with a diameter of 2 mm consisting of pure Al, Cu, Ti, or graphite; its end face is polished with diamond grinding powder. The arc commutation is observed by short‐time photography, streak camera records, and temporally highly resolved optical spectroscopy for different applied voltages. The emission of ion lines of the filling gas and of vaporized electrode material by the plasma in front of the cathode is indicating the formation of a positive space charge layer in front of its surface. It provides the ions, which induce secondary electron emission of the cathode surface and with it, the arc commutation. The commutation time tc elapsing between a signal generated by the arc plasma in front of the CE and the beginning of a current flow through the electrode increases for low voltages with increasing permittivity of a surface layer formed by electrically insulating metal oxide and decreases with increasing electrical conductivity of the layer. It is lowest for graphite without an oxide layer. On scanning electron microscope pictures, taken of the end face of the electrode after arc commutation, craters with diameters of less than 1 μm are visible.
Vegetation changes over the last centuries in the Lower Lake Constance region reconstructed from sediment‐core environmental DNA
Authors: Ibrahim Anan , Höckendorff Stefanie , Schleheck David , Epp Laura , van Kleunen Mark , Meyer Axel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany European lake ecosystems, including their respective catchment areas, underwent anthropogenic environmental changes over the last centuries. This has resulted in changes in the aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, but historical records on the composition of the past vegetation on centennial scale are scarce. In this study, we examined changes in the terrestrial and aquatic plant communities in and around Lower Lake Constance using metabarcoding of sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) of three cores from different sub‐basins covering the past, up to 300 years. We successfully identified an average of c. 3000 sequence variants (molecular operational taxonomic units ‐ MOTUs) and obtained a taxonomically annotated dataset of 127 species, 104 genera, and 72 families. We could detect major changes in the terrestrial and aquatic vegetation of the Lower Lake Constance region by examining the cores. For example, alpha diversity decreased in the last c. 100 years, and this decrease was more pronounced in the terrestrial than in the aquatic plant community. Unlike the terrestrial plant community, the current aquatic plant‐community composition partially resembles the community from before the 20th‐century eutrophication phase of the lake. In addition to changes that can be attributed to anthropogenic impacts, we also captured the effect of DNA sedimentation on the terrestrial DNA diversity representation in sediments during periods of extensive flooding and potentially as a consequence of extremely cold winters. With sedDNA from Lower Lake Constance, we provide a new local dataset to investigate and extend the historical changes of different shoreline habitats and to identify characteristic and invasive plant species. Such highly resolved datasets spanning the past centuries can provide detailed information on human environmental history in densely populated regions that have undergone severe changes in the recent past.
Varying Structure‐Directing Anions in Uranyl Ion Complexes with Ni(2,2′ : 6′,2′′‐terpyridine‐4′‐carboxylate)2
Authors: Thuéry Pierre , Harrowfield Jack 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2,2′ : 6′,2“‐Terpyridine‐4′‐carboxylic acid (tpycH) reacts with uranyl cations under solvo‐hydrothermal conditions to give [UO2(tpyc)2] ⋅ 2H2O (1), a monoperiodic polymer different from that previously reported. In the additional presence of NiII cations, the Ni(tpyc)2 “expanded ligand” is formed and the structure of its complexes with the uranyl cation depends on the additional anions present. [(UO2)2F4(H2O)2Ni(tpyc)2] ⋅ 2H2O (2) and [UO2(mds)(H2O)Ni(tpyc)2] (3), where mds2− is methanedisulfonate, are monoperiodic polymers in which the fluoride anions are bridging and the mds2− anions chelating. [(UO2)4(NO3)2(H2O)4Ni5(tpyc)10](CF3SO3)4(NO3)2 ⋅ 7H2O (4) crystallizes as a wide and nearly planar monoperiodic ribbon. [(UO2)2(NO3)2(chdc)Ni(tpyc)2] ⋅ chdcH2 ⋅ 2CH3CN (5), where chdc2− is trans‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate, is a monoperiodic chain including both bridging Ni(tpyc)2 and chdc2− ligands, the chains being further assembled into layers through hydrogen bonding to bridging chdcH2 molecules. Finally, [UO2Ni2(tpyc)4](I3)2 (6) crystallizes as a diperiodic network with sql topology. These results point to the possibility of modulating the structure of cationic uranyl ion complexes with Ni(tpyc)2 through addition of a wide range of bonding or non‐bonding anions.
Molecular Targets of Neurotoxic Insecticides in Apis mellifera
Authors: Cens Thierry , Chavanieu Alain , Bertaud Anaïs , Mokrane Nawfel , Estaran Sébastien , Roussel Julien , Ménard Claudine , De Jesus Ferreira Marie‐Celeste , Guiramand Janique , Thibaud Jean‐Baptiste , Cohen‐Solal Catherine , Rousset Matthieu , Rolland Valérie , Vignes Michel , Charnet Pierre 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe intensive use of insecticides, combined with other factors such as habitat loss, might explain worldwide decrease of insect populations documented in the past twenty years. However, due to the involvement of pest species in crop destruction and in vector‐borne diseases, insecticides will probably continue to be required still for decades. The most commercially successful insecticides are neurotoxicants acting on ion channels of the central nervous system affecting thereby cellular excitability and synaptic transmission and causing insect paralysis and fatality. In this article, we provide an overview of the insecticides acting on voltage‐gated sodium channels, GABA‐gated chloride channels and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. We summarize the current knowledge on those ion channels from the honeybee Apis mellifera and discuss the possible mode of action of neurotoxic insecticides.
Label‐free enrichment of MCF7 breast cancer cells from leukocytes using continuous flow dielectrophoresis
Authors: Çağlayan Arslan Zeynep , Demircan Yalçın Yağmur , Külah Haluk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) present in the bloodstream are strongly linked to the invasive behavior of cancer; therefore, their detection holds great significance for monitoring disease progression. Currently available CTC isolation tools are often based on tumor‐specific antigen or cell size approaches. However, these techniques are limited due to the lack of a unique and universal marker for CTCs, and the overlapping size between CTCs and regular blood cells. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), governed by the intrinsic dielectric properties of the particles, is a promising marker‐free, accurate, fast, and low‐cost technique that enables the isolation of CTCs from blood cells. This study presents a continuous flow, antibody‐free DEP‐based microfluidic device to concentrate MCF7 breast cancer cells, a well‐established CTC model, in the presence of leukocytes extracted from human blood samples. The enrichment strategy was determined according to the DEP responses of the corresponding cells, obtained in our previously reported DEP spectrum study. It was based on the positive‐DEP integrated with hydrodynamic focusing under continuous flow. In the proposed device, the parylene microchannel with two inlets and outlets was built on top of rectangular and equally spaced isolated planar electrodes rotated certain degree relative to the main flow (13°). The recovery of MCF7 cells mixed with leukocytes was 74%–98% at a frequency of 1 MHz and a magnitude of 10–12 Vpp. Overall, the results revealed that the presented system successfully concentrates MCF7 cancer cells from leukocytes, ultimately verifying our DEP spectrum study, in which the enrichment frequency and separation strategy of the microfluidic system were determined.
Evaluation of performance improvement of the combined biomass gasifier power cycle using low‐temperature bottoming cycles: Organic Rankine cycle, Kalina and Goswami
Authors: Hosseinpour Mohammad , Ozgoli Hassan Ali , Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini Seyed Alireza , Hemmasi Amir Hooman , Mehdipour Ramin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel combination of a conventional combined power plant and low‐temperature power generators as a cogeneration cycle coupled with a biomass gasifier is presented in this study. For this purpose, mathematical modeling of organic Rankine cycle (ORC), Kalina, and Goswami cycles was performed as a bottoming power system. To achieve the goals of sustainable energy development, a portion of the fuel required for the proposed cycle has been provided using renewable biomass fuels. The results indicated that the base cycle heat recovery in all proposed scenarios would increase energy efficiencies by 6.1%, 3.3%, and 1.1%, respectively, to ORC, Kalina, and Goswami cycles. Furthermore, the results of the parametric studies on principal factors such as steam to biomass and equivalence ratios in the gasifier, working fluid types in the ORC, mass fraction of ammonia‐water mixture in Kalina and Goswami cycles, as well as thermodynamic properties of the expander and condenser can be highly considered for the energy industry developers.
Potential for optimization of energy consumption and costs in saffron production in central Iran through data envelopment analysis and multi‐objective genetic algorithm
Authors: Saeidi Elham , Dehkordi Amin Lotfalian , Nabavi‐Pelesaraei Ashkan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTechnical management of agricultural units plays an important role in increasing the yield, energy efficiency, and decreasing the production costs. Based on that, the present study aimed to evaluate and optimize the technical and economic efficiency in Saffron farms in the 2019–20 cropping season in Iran. Required data were collected from 70 Saffron farms through interviews and questionnaires and were analyzed and compared using two optimization methods including data envelopment analysis (DEA), and multi‐objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). Based on the results related to the energy section, the total energy input was obtained as 43,578 MJ ha−1 before any optimization, while it was determined as 36,033 and 36,910 MJ ha−1 after optimization using DEA, and MOGA, respectively. Also DEA and MOGA methods improved the energy ratio index (ER) (0.002) by 50, and 159%, respectively. Results related to the economic section showed that the total production costs were mitigated from 1260 $ ha−1 to 863.5 and 1069 $ ha−1 after optimization by DEA, and MOGA, respectively. After optimization of revenue (using MOGA method), and total costs (using MOGA, and DEA), the benefit cost ratio index was improved from 1.43 to 2.09 (using DEA), and 3.3 (using MOGA). Consequently, MOGA optimization method showed better results compared to DEA in both energy and economic sections.
Sperm‐friendly lubricant: Fact or fiction
Authors: Markram Johan , Griessel Lizelle , Girdler‐Brown Brendan , Outhoff Kim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of “sperm‐friendly” coital lubricants on sperm motility.MethodsThis study compared the effects of five lubricants (Optilube®, Pre‐Seed®, Yes Baby®, olive oil, and egg white) on sperm motility in 60 normozoospermic semen samples obtained from men attending a private fertility clinic. Samples were exposed to each of the lubricants, with untreated samples serving as controls, and were examined microscopically at four defined time‐points from 2 to 72 h after liquefaction. Sperm motility was graded according to World Health Organization criteria.ResultsWith the exception of egg white, all lubricants caused significant (P < 0.001) reductions in sperm forward progression compared with untreated controls until 24 h after liquefaction. Furthermore, between‐group comparisons of the commercially available lubricants revealed statistically significant differences in forward progression motility: Pre‐Seed® was superior to Optilube® (P < 0.001), which in turn was superior to Yes Baby® (P < 0.001) at 2–4 h after exposure. Significance (P < 0.001) between Pre‐Seed® and Yes Baby® was maintained until 24 h.ConclusionAlthough spermatozoa exposed to Pre‐Seed® demonstrated greater motility than spermatozoa exposed to Yes Baby®, claims that these lubricants are sperm‐friendly were refuted. Conversely, egg white was shown to be a sperm‐friendly lubricant for couples who are trying to conceive.
Protein intake and risk of frailty among older women in the Nurses' Health Study
Authors: Struijk Ellen A. , Fung Teresa T. , Rodríguez‐Artalejo Fernando , Bischoff‐Ferrari Heike A. , Hu Frank B. , Willett Walter C. , Lopez‐Garcia Esther 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that an overall healthy diet is associated with lower risk of frailty. However, the effect of diet composition, specifically the role of protein intake on frailty, is mostly unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of protein, including total, plant, animal, and dairy protein, in relation to frailty incidence in a large cohort of older women.MethodsWe analysed data from 85 871 women aged ≥60 participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Intake of protein was measured nine times during follow‐up from 1980 until 2010. Frailty was defined as having at least three of the following five criteria from the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss of Weight (FRAIL) scale: fatigue, low strength, reduced aerobic capacity, having ≥5 illnesses, and weight loss of ≥5%. The occurrence of frailty was assessed every 4 years from 1992 up to 2014.ResultsDuring follow‐up, we identified 13 279 incident cases of frailty. Women with a higher intake of plant protein had a lower risk of developing frailty after adjustment for all relevant confounders [relative risks across quintiles of consumption: 1.00, 0.94, 0.89, 0.86, and 0.86; P‐trend < 0.001]. In contrast, those with a higher intake of animal protein intake had a higher risk of frailty [relative risks across quintiles of consumption: 1.00, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, and 1.07; P‐trend 0.04]. The intake of total and dairy protein showed no significant association with frailty in the full model. Substituting 5% of energy from plant protein intake at the expense of animal protein, dairy protein, or non‐dairy animal protein was associated with 38% (29%, 47%), 32% (21%, 42%), and 42% (33%, 50%) reduced risk of frailty.ConclusionsA higher intake of plant protein, but not animal or dairy protein, was associated with a lower risk of frailty. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein, especially non‐dairy animal protein, was associated with lower risk of frailty.
Effects of repeated deboning on structure, composition, and gelling properties of silver carp surimi
Authors: Liu Lulu , Xiong Yuxin , Yin Tao , Xiong Shanbai , You Juan , Liu Ru , Huang Qilin , Shi Liu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSurimi is produced from the various sequences of filleting, deboning, washing, dehydrating, blending with cryprotectant, and freezing. Deboning, after which fish flesh is minced and separated from bone, skin, etc., is a vital step in the surimi production. In this study, effects of repeated deboning on yield, structure, composition, and gelling properties of silver carp surimi were investigated.RESULTSSurimi yield increased rapidly from 10% to 23% as the cycle of repeated deboning was increased from one to three, and then slowly increased up to 26%. As the cycle increased, cellular structure and ultrastructure of muscle fibers progressively fractured. Contents of fat, cathepsins, heme proteins, and transglutaminase of surimi obviously increased and then decreased. Three‐dimensional network of surimi gel without setting (NS gel) became more porous with the increase of cycles. It became more compact, and then turned to aggregated forms with lower homogeneity, for the surimi gel with setting (WS gel). Correspondently, the NS gel textural values gradually decreased with the cycles, while the WS gel textural values increased up to three cycles and then decreased. Regardless of setting, whiteness of surimi gels decreased and then increased with the cycles.CONCLUSIONOur results suggested that structure and compositions of surimi changed with the cycle of repeated deboning, which affected gelling properties of surimi. It is recommended to debone three or four cycles in silver carp surimi production. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of subfreezing storage on the qualities of dough and bread containing pea protein
Authors: Dai Yunfei , Gao Haiyan , Zeng Jie , Liu Yufen , Qin Yueqi , Wang Mengyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this paper, −6, −9 and –12 °C were selected as subfreezing temperatures of dough containing pea protein based on the results of low‐field nuclear magnetic relaxation time. The effect of storage at subfreezing temperatures on dough properties was then investigated and compared with sample storage at −18 °C.RESULTSThe pH value, springiness, resilience, cohesiveness of dough and sensory score of bread gradually decreased and the hardness and water loss rate of dough gradually increased with the extension of storage time. However, dough hardness, viscoelasticity and fermentation volume were maintained more effectively in subfreezing storage than in −18 °C storage. The subfreezing temperature could alleviate the damage of gluten network structure in frozen dough by ice crystals and was beneficial in maintaining the elasticity of gluten proteins. The network system of pea protein, gluten protein and starch granules in dough storage at −9 and −12 °C was more tightly connected and the microstructure was similar to that at −18 °C. There was no significant difference between the quality of bread made from the dough stored at subfreezing temperature and that stored at −18 °C for 1–6 weeks, and the preservation effect at −12 °C was closer to that at −18 °C.CONCLUSIONSubfreezing storage can keep the stability of dough containing pea protein close to traditional frozen storage (−18 °C), which provides a new method for storage and transportation of frozen dough. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Postmaterial values and career aspirations in tourism: Generation‐Y tourism professionals in Hong Kong
Authors: Huang Wei‐Jue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent political movements in Hong Kong suggest a postmaterial value shift in the younger generation, from pursuing material affluence to a greater concern for autonomy, self‐expression, and quality of life. This study examined the values and career aspirations of Generation‐Y tourism professionals through postmaterialism and intergenerational value change. In‐depth interviews revealed differences in the views of older and younger Gen‐Y and three types of career aspirations: Corporate job, Entrepreneurship, and “Slash” careers. Findings demonstrated the material/postmaterial shifts from teenage to mid‐adulthood, and how values were shaped by: student versus working life, tourism work experience, social changes, and specific social events.