bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pore‐scale analytic model to calculate the suction stress in partially saturated soils
Authors: Zhou Dejian , Tatomir Alexandru , Sauter Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe expression of effective stress in unsaturated conditions has remained controversial ever since the concept was first proposed in the 1950s by Bishop. In this paper, based on the first law of thermodynamics, a novel approach is proposed to calculate the effective stress in unsaturated soil systems by applying the improved bundled cylindrical capillary model and the probability density function of soil particles. The proposed model provided an expression for Bishop's effective stress model and Bishop's coefficient χ. The basic assumptions of the model are (a) the water in the unsaturated pores can be divided into capillary water and adsorbed water, and (b) the soil pore network is considered as a rigid body, and the particle structure is unchanged with saturation variation. Published experimental data are compared with Lu's effective stress model and our model results. The findings show that the proposed model performs well over a wide range of saturation conditions for nonexpansive soils, such as sand, and the capillary stage for expansive soils, such as silt, and clay materials.
Academic Professional Development to Support Mixed Modalities
Authors: Tynan Belinda , Bossu Carina , Leitch Shona 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter will explore professional development (PD) of academic and teaching staff in the use of technologies to support learning in mixed modalities including blended and online modalities in higher education contexts. The authors will explore current practices in both face-to-face (f2f) and online/distance education contexts. A succinct annotated review of key seminal and recent texts will be provided of current trends in relation to PD of staff and the implications that arise from this research for practitioners. Two very different but relevant examples of PD will be provided to bring the discussion to life: (i) at the Open University, UK, and (ii) at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia.
EFT Diagrammatica. Part II. Tracing the UV origin of bosonic D6 CPV and D8 SMEFT operators
Authors: Naskar Wrishik , Prakash Suraj , Rahaman Shakeel Ur 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent times, SMEFT, along with a superlative repertoire of theoretical and computational tools, has emerged as an efficacious platform to test the viability of proposed BSM scenarios. With symmetry as the backbone, higher mass dimensional (≥ 5) SMEFT operators constitute the lingua franca for studying and comparing the direct or indirect effects of UV models on low energy observables. The steady increase in the accessible energy scales for contemporary particle collision experiments prompts us to inspect effective operators beyond the leading order and investigate their measurable impact as well as their connections with the appropriate BSM proposals. We take the next step in delineating the possible UV roots of SMEFT operators by extending our diagrammatic approach, previously employed for CP, baryon, and lepton number conserving dimension-6 operators, to the complete set of purely bosonic SMEFT operators up to mass dimension-8. We catalogue a diverse array of Feynman diagrams elucidating how the operators encapsulate heavy field propagators while abiding by a notion of minimalism.
Graviton non-gaussianity in α-vacuum
Authors: Kanno Sugumi , Sasaki Misao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We compute the leading order non-Gaussianity, i.e., the bispectrum, of the tensor perturbation in the general α-vacuum on de Sitter space in general relativity. In addition to the well-known Bunch-Davies (BD) vacuum, there exits an infinite number of de Sitter invariant vacua represented by a real parameter α and a phase ϕ, with α = 0 being the BD vacuum. They are called α-vacua. In the standard slow-roll inflation, as de Sitter invariance no longer applies, the α-vacua lose its relevance in the rigorous sense. Nevertheless, if we assume that the parameter α is only weakly dependent on the wavenumber with an appropriate UV cutoff, we may consider pseudo-α-vacua. In the case of false vacuum inflation where the background spacetime is pure de Sitter, a non-trivial (non-BD) α-vacuum could indeed be realized. We find an intriguing result that the bispectrum may be exponentially enhanced to be detectable by observation even if the spectrum is too small to be detected.
The supersymmetric Neveu-Schwarz branes of non-relativistic string theory
Authors: Bergshoeff E. A. , Lahnsteiner J. , Romano L. , Rosseel J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We construct the basic Neveu-Schwarz (NS) brane solutions of non-relativistic string theory using longitudinal T-duality as a solution generating technique. Extending the NS background fields to a supergravity multiplet, we verify that all solutions we find are half-supersymmetric. The two perturbative solutions we find both have an interpretation as the background geometry outside a string-like object. Correspondingly, we refer to these non-Lorentzian backgrounds as winding string and unwound string solution. Whereas the winding string is part of the on-shell spectrum of non-relativistic string theory, the unwound string only makes sense off-shell where it mediates the instantaneous gravitational force. Seen from the nine-dimensional point of view, we find that the winding string solution is sourced by a non-relativistic massive particle and that the unwound string solution is sourced by a massless Galilean particle of zero colour and spin. We explain how these two string solutions fit into a discrete lightcone quantization of string theory. We shortly discuss the basic NS five-brane and Kaluza-Klein monopole solutions and show that they are both half-supersymmetric.
Bochner Representable Operators on Spaces of Continuous Functions
Authors: Nowak Marian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLet $$C_b(X)$$

C
b

(
X
)

be the Banach lattice of all bounded continuous real-valued functions on a completely regular Hausdorff space X and $$\beta $$
β
denote the natural strict topology on $$C_b(X)$$

C
b

(
X
)

. For a Banach space $$(E,\Vert \cdot \Vert _E)$$

(
E
,
‖
·

‖
E

)

, a linear operator $$T:C_b(X)\rightarrow E$$

T
:

C
b

(
X
)

→
E

is said to be tight if $$\Vert T(u_\alpha )\Vert _E\rightarrow 0$$

‖
T

(

u
α

)

‖

E

→
0

whenever $$(u_\alpha )$$

(

u
α

)

is a uniformly bounded net in $$C_b(X)$$

C
b

(
X
)

such that $$u_\alpha \rightarrow 0$$

u
α

→
0

uniformly on all compact sets in X. It is shown that a linear operator $$T:C_b(X)\rightarrow E$$

T
:

C
b

(
X
)

→
E

is nuclear tight if and only if T is a nuclear operator between the locally convex space $$(C_b(X),\beta )$$

(

C
b

(
X
)

,
β
)

and a Banach space E and if and only if T is Bochner representable, that is, there exist a positive Radon measure $$\mu $$
μ
on X and a E-valued $$\mu $$
μ
-Bochner integrable function g on X so that $$T(u)=\int _X u(x)g(x)d\mu $$

T

(
u
)

=

∫
X

u

(
x
)

g

(
x
)

d
μ

for all $$u\in C_b(X)$$

u
∈

C
b

(
X
)

.
SARS-CoV-2-Antikörper-Antwort auf die zweite COVID-19-Impfung bei neuromuskulären Patienten unter immunmodulierender Therapie
Authors: Hosseini S. S. Justus , Dudakova Anna , Kummer Karsten , Zschüntzsch Jana 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungEiner erfolgreichen Impfung (adäquater Anstieg der Anti-S[Spike]-Protein-Antikörper) gegen SARS-CoV‑2 (engl. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2) wird ein suffizienter Schutz gegen einen schweren Verlauf von COVID-19 (engl. coronavirus disease 2019) zugeschrieben. Bei Patient*innen mit chronisch-inflammatorischen Erkrankungen (engl. „chronic inflammatory diseases“ [CID]) und Immunsuppression ist der Impferfolg weiterhin im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs. Daher evaluierten wir bei Patient*innen mit einer neuromuskulären Erkrankung (NME), die zu regelmäßigen Infusionen von Immunglobulinen in unserer neurologischen Tagesklinik/Ambulanz vorstellig wurden, 2 Wochen nach vollständiger Immunisierung die Antikörpertiter gegen das S1 (S1-Untereinheit des Spike-Proteins) -Antigen von SARS-CoV‑2. Unsere Daten zeigen, dass Patient*innen mit einer chronischen autoimmunen NME und gleichzeitiger immunsuppressiver bzw. immunmodulierender Therapie nach einer Impfung sowohl mit einem mRNA- als auch mit einem Vektorimpfstoff eine Antikörperantwort aufwiesen. Im Vergleich zu gesunden Proband*innen zeigte sich eine vergleichbare Anzahl an Serokonversionen durch die Impfung. Eine Korrelation zwischen Immunglobulindosierung und Impfantwort sowie Infusionsintervall und Impfantwort ließ sich nicht feststellen. Demgegenüber zeigte jedoch insbesondere die Kombination aus Mycophenolatmofetil (MMF) und Prednisolon eine signifikante Reduktion der spezifischen Antikörpersynthese.
Explosive hamstrings strength asymmetry persists despite maximal hamstring strength recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon autografts
Authors: San Jose Argell T. , Maniar Nirav , Timmins Ryan G. , Beerworth Kate , Hampel Chris , Tyson Natalie , Williams Morgan D. , Opar David A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the differences in maximal (isometric and concentric peak torque) and explosive (rate of torque development (RTD)) hamstring and quadriceps strength symmetry between males and females during early- and late-phase rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using hamstring tendon (HT) autografts and to determine the interaction of time and sex on maximal and explosive strength symmetry.MethodsA total of 38 female and 51 male participants were assessed during early (3–6 months post-operative) and late (7–12 months post-operative) phases of rehabilitation following ACLR. Maximal (concentric and isometric peak torque) and explosive (isometric RTD) hamstring and quadriceps strength were assessed and presented as limb symmetry index (LSI).ResultsMaximal concentric hamstrings asymmetry (Early: 86 ± 14; Late 92 ± 13;p = 0.005) as well as maximal concentric (Early, 73 ± 15; Late 91 ± 12;p < 0.001) and explosive (Early: 82 ± 30; Late: 92 ± 25;p = 0.03) quadriceps asymmetry decreased from early to late rehabilitation. However, there were no significant changes in maximal isometric quadriceps strength and explosive isometric hamstring strength in the same time period. Females had a larger asymmetry in maximal concentric (Females: 75 ± 17; Males: 81 ± 15;p = 0.001) and explosive (Females: 81 ± 32; Males: 89 ± 25;p = 0.01) quadriceps strength than males throughout rehabilitation. There were no sex differences in maximal and explosive hamstring strength. There were no sex by time interactions for any variables.ConclusionExplosive hamstring strength asymmetry did not improve despite recovery of maximal hamstring strength during rehabilitation following ACLR with HT autografts. While sex did not influence strength recovery, females had larger maximal and explosive quadriceps strength asymmetry compared to males throughout rehabilitation following ACLR.Level of evidenceLevel III
Determination of local density in components made by fused deposition modeling through indentation test
Authors: Lambiase Francesco , Scipioni Silvia Ilaria , Paoletti Alfonso 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study is aimed at determining the local density of components made by fused deposition modeling (FDM) through non-destructive indentation tests. An experimental campaign was performed to assess such a relationship. Specimens were made varying the amount of material flow and the direction of deposition. The specimen’s dimension and weight were measured to determine the average density. The internal porosity due to uncomplete filling produced due to the deposition process was also assessed through cross-sectioning. Instrumented indentation tests were conducted on the samples to determine a relationship between the density and the slopes during the loading and unloading phases. The tests were performed using flat cylindrical indenters of different diameters. The results indicated that the density of the specimens was strongly influenced by the adopted material flow and the orientation during deposition. An empirical relationship was determined between the slopes measured during indentation tests and the density. Such a relationship is independent of the deposition orientation. The optimized procedure represents a valuable tool to determine the local density of components made by fused deposition modeling through non-destructive indentation tests.
Sheaf homology of hyperplane arrangements, Boolean covers and exterior powers
Authors: Everitt Brent , Turner Paul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe compute the sheaf homology of the intersection lattice of a hyperplane arrangement with coefficients in the graded exterior sheaf $$\varLambda ^\bullet F$$

Λ
∙

F

of the natural sheaf F. This builds on the results of our previous paper Everitt and Turner (Adv Math 402:Paper No. 108354, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2022.108354) where this homology was computed for $$\varLambda ^1F=F$$

Λ
1

F
=
F

, itself a generalisation of an old result of Lusztig. The computational machinery we develop in this paper is quite different though: sheaf homology is lifted to what we call Boolean covers, where we instead compute homology cellularly. A number of tools are given for the cellular homology of these Boolean covers, including a deletion–restriction long exact sequence.
Playing With the Index of M-Theory
Authors: Del Zotto Michele , Nekrasov Nikita , Piazzalunga Nicolò , Zabzine Maxim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMotivated by M-theory, we study rank n K-theoretic Donaldson–Thomas theory on a toric threefold X. In the presence of compact four-cycles, we discuss how to include the contribution of D4-branes wrapping them. Combining this with a simple assumption on the (in)dependence on Coulomb moduli in the 7d theory, we show that the partition function factorizes and, when X is Calabi–Yau and it admits an ADE ruling, it reproduces the 5d master formula for the geometrically engineered theory on $$A_{n-1}$$

A

n
-
1

ALE space, thus extending the usual geometric engineering dictionary to $$n>1$$

n
>
1

. We finally speculate about implications for instanton counting on Taub-NUT.
Comparison of compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) accelerated 3D T2W TSE sequence versus conventional 3D and 2D T2W TSE sequences in rectal cancer: a prospective study
Authors: Gong Xiaoling , Wen Daguang , Wei Hong , Shen Yu , Deng Yujiao , Wang Ya , Wei Mingtian , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Zhang Xiaoyong , Wang Ziqiang , Wu Bing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the image quality and diagnostic value of compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) accelerated 3-dimensional (3D) T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2W TSE) sequence in patients with rectal cancer compared with conventional 3D and 2-dimensional (2D) sequences.

Methods
A total of 54 patients who underwent the above three sequences were enrolled. Two radiologists independently reviewed the image quality using an ordinal 5-point Likert scale. The quantitative measurement was performed to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The diagnostic value was assessed using TN staging, extramural vascular invasion and mesorectal fascia status. Friedman and McNemar’s tests were applied for comparative analysis.

Results
Forty-two patients were successfully included. Compared with 3D and 2D sequences, the CS-SENSE 3D sequence speeded up by 39% and 23%, respectively. The edge sharpness of CS-SENSE 3D images was similar to that of 3D and 2D images. The noise of CS-SENSE 3D images was comparable to that of 3D images but higher than that of 2D images. The SNRtumor and SNRrectal wall of CS-SENSE 3D images were considerably lower than those of 3D and 2D images. The CNR of CS-SENSE 3D images was similar to that of 3D images but lower than that of 2D images. However, no considerable differences were noted in diagnostic value among the three sequences.

Conclusions
CS-SENSE 3D T2 sequence provided comparable diagnostic performance, with substantially reduced imaging time and no significant sacrifices in image quality. This technique may serve as a reliable tool for evaluating rectal cancer.

Graphical abstract
Mitochondrial calpain-1 activates NLRP3 inflammasome by cleaving ATP5A1 and inducing mitochondrial ROS in CVB3-induced myocarditis
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Li Minghui , Chen Zhiwei , Yu Yong , Shi Hui , Yu Ying , Wang Yucheng , Chen Ruizhen , Ge Junbo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTreatment options for myocarditis are currently limited. Inhibition of calpains has been shown to prevent Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced cardiac injuries, but the underlying mechanism of action of calpains has not been elucidated. We investigated whether NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participated in CVB3-induced myocarditis, and investigated the effects of calpain-1 on CVB3-induced cardiac injury. NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in CVB3-infected hearts, evidenced by elevated protein levels of NLRP3, N-terminal domain of Gasdermin D, and cleaved caspase-1, and the increased co-localization of NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein. The intraperitoneal administration of MCC950, a selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, led to decreased levels of serum creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-18, interleukin-1β, prevention of the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and improvement of cardiac function under CVB3 infection. Transgenic mice overexpressing the endogenous calpain inhibitor calpastatin (Tg-CAST mice) exhibited not only decreased apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and enhanced cardiac function but also inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. The selective inhibition of calpain-1 using PD151746 protected cardiomyocytes in vitro from CVB3 infection by downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome and, thus, preserved cell viability. Mechanistically, we showed that mitochondrial dysfunction preceded inflammatory response after CVB3 treatment and elimination of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (mito-TEMPO) recapitalized the phenotype observed in Tg-CAST mice. Furthermore, the promotion or inhibition of calpain-1 activation in vitro regulated the mitochondrial respiration chain. Mito-TEMPO reversed calpain-1-mediated NLRP3 inflammation activation and cell death. We also found that mitochondrial calpain-1, which was increased after CVB3 stimulation, activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and resulted in cell death. Furthermore, ATP synthase-α (ATP5A1) was revealed to be the cleaving target of calpain-1 after CVB3 treatment. Downregulating ATP5A1 using ATP5A1-small interfering RNA impaired mitochondrial function, decreased cell viability, and induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, CVB3 infection induced calpain-1 accumulation in mitochondria, and led to subsequent ATP5A1 cleavage, mitochondrial ROS overproduction, and impaired mitochondrial function, eventually causing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inducing pyroptosis. Therefore, our findings established the role of calpain in viral myocarditis and unveiled its underlying mechanism of its action. Calpain appears as a promising target for the treatment of viral myocarditis.
Psychological variables associated with quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer: the role of body image distress
Authors: Cerea Silvia , Sansoni Maria , Scarzello Giovanni , Groff Elena , Ghisi Marta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between quality of life (QoL) and body image distress in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), considering relevant psychological variables (i.e., coping strategies, social anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, intolerance of uncertainty, pain, and distress). We also aimed to explore gender differences in patients with HNC in terms of relevant psychological variables in HNC.

Methods
Fifty-one HNC patients (37 males and 14 females) completed self-report questionnaires to assess body image distress, physical and mental QoL, and relevant psychological variables in HNC (coping strategies, social anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, intolerance of uncertainty, pain, and distress) before undergoing treatment. Pearson’s correlations and four-step hierarchical regressions were performed to assess the relationship between body image distress, QoL, and the abovementioned psychological variables, while one-way analyses of variance and one-way analysis of covariance were employed to assess gender differences.

Results
Physical QoL was associated with body image distress above and beyond disease duration, distress, coping strategies, pain, mental QoL, and self-esteem, while mental QoL was associated with pain above and beyond distress, coping strategies, physical QoL, self-esteem, and body image distress. Concerning gender differences, females scored higher than males on most of the explored psychological variables, except for physical QoL and intolerance of uncertainty, and showed lower mental QoL and self-esteem than males.

Conclusion
Body image distress and pain emerged as negatively associated with QoL, and almost all the explored psychological variables differed among genders. Psychological interventions targeting body image distress and pain should be promoted in patients with HNC to increase their QoL, while keeping gender differences in mind.
Hybrid deep learning diagonal recurrent neural network controller for nonlinear systems
Authors: El-Nagar Ahmad M. , Zaki Ahmad M. , Soliman F. A. S. , El-Bardini Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present paper, a hybrid deep learning diagonal recurrent neural network controller (HDL-DRNNC) is proposed for nonlinear systems. The proposed HDL-DRNNC structure consists of a diagonal recurrent neural network (DRNN), whose initial values can be obtained through deep learning (DL). The DL algorithm, which is used in this study, is a hybrid algorithm that is based on a self-organizing map of the Kohonen procedure and restricted Boltzmann machine. The updating weights of the DRNN of the proposed algorithm are developed using the Lyapunov stability criterion. In this concern, simulation tasks such as disturbance signals and parameter variations are performed on mathematical and physical systems to improve the performance and the robustness of the proposed controller. It is clear from the results that the performance of the proposed controller is better than other existent controllers.
Participatory modeling from a stakeholder perspective: On the influence of collaboration and revisions on psychological ownership and perceived model quality
Authors: Gutschmidt Anne , Lantow Birger , Hellmanzik Ben , Ramforth Ben , Wiese Matteo , Martins Erko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParticipatory enterprise modeling is about gathering domain experts and involving them directly in the creation of models, aided by modeling experts. It is meant to increase commitment to and quality of models. This paper presents an exploratory study focusing on the subjective view of the domain experts. We investigated the influence of direct collaboration versus individual modeling, and the influence of model revisions by modeling experts on psychological ownership and perceived model quality. We chose process modeling as a particular form of enterprise modeling. Our results give hint that domain experts working individually with a modeling expert perceive model quality as higher than those working collaboratively whereas psychological ownership did not show any difference. Revisions caused changes in the subjects’ assessments only of model quality. Moreover, we will present qualitative results from interviews we led with the participants. They reveal interesting insight on how outcome and perception of the procedure and the method in both settings can be positively influenced. The interviews also emphasize the special role of the method experts who are sometimes even considered as co-owners of the model.