bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel immune-related gene prognostic index in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its implication on tumor immunology
Authors: Zhou Shujing , Huang Xufeng , Gábor Szöllősi Attila , Chien Yi Che Chang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposePancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the deadliest cancers, with less than 10% of patients surviving more than 5 years. Existing biomarkers for accurate prediction of survival rate remain to be improved. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to develop a novel immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) for enhanced overall survival (OS) estimation and to investigate the molecular subtypes based on this index. Materials and proceduresRNA sequences and matching clinical data were obtained from publicly accessible sources and processed by different R packages. Through the approach of machine learning, a novel IRGPI and optimal risk model were developed to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups. Our model's predictive ability was then compared to that of previously proposed gene signatures. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between the immunological tumor microenvironment and risk groups and IRGPI genes was performed. In addition, using the K-mean algorithm, we classified PAAD into various molecular subtypes based on IRGPI genes and investigated their properties in tumor immunology.ResultsA 12-gene (FYN, MET, LRSAM1, PSPN, ERAP2, S100A1, IL20RB, MAP3K14, SEMA6C, PRKCG, CXCL11, and GH1) IRGPI was established along with a risk model and verified. Compared to earlier gene signatures, our model exhibited superior prediction performance. Different risk groups showed distinct immune-related scores, according to the results of the correlation studies. IRGPI genes were revealed to be highly relevant to the microenvironment of tumors. On the basis of the IRGPI genes, PAAD was further subdivided into discrete, immunologically unique molecular subtypes.ConclusionA novel IRGPI was established and validated in the present study. In addition, our study highlights its association with the immune microenvironment of tumors. According to the IRGPI genes, PAAD was subdivided into distinct molecular subgroups that respond variably to immunotherapy. These findings may benefit future immune therapy-based interventions for PAAD patients, sharing new insight for precision and translational medicine to discover a more innovative immunotherapy strategy.
Weight Loss and Loss of Appetite as a Side Effect of Fingolimod
Authors: Etemadifar Masoud , Khorvash Reza , Zolfagharifard Hamed , Sedaghat Nahad , Nouri Hosein , Salari Mehri 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Fingolimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, is a drug for treatment multiple sclerosis. Since S1P receptors are highly expressed in various tissues, it could cause broad range of side effects. We investigated the effect of fingolimod on appetite and body weight.Methods: This study evaluated 218 MS patients on fingolimod in Isfahan MS center (IMSC) from 2016 to 2020. They were requested to fill out the relevant questionnaires for this study, and Proper examinations were performed on patients with a history of appetite changes after taking fingolimod.Result: Among 218 patients, 33 cases reported changes in their appetite after taking fingolimod. Of these, 25 cases were associated with clinically important IWL. Furthermore, these 33 patients recuperated from loss of appetite and weight, after stopping fingolimod therapy. Conclusion: the percentage of decreased appetite in patients on fingolimod is noticeable. Therefore, it is necessary to refer patients taking this drug to a nutritionist, and advise them to pay more attention to their diet.
Evaluation of Predictive capability of Bayesian Spatio-temporal models for Covid-19 spread
Authors: Lawson Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bayesian models have been applied throughout the Covid-19 pandemic especially to model time series of case counts or deaths. Fewer examples exist of spatio-temporal modeling, even though the spatial spread of disease is a crucial factor in public Health monitoring. The predictive capabilities of infectious disease models is also important. In this study, the ability of Bayesian hierarchical models to recover different parts of the variation in disease counts is the focus. It is clear that different measures provide different views of behavior when models are fitted prospectively. A particularly important result is that the peak intensity of case load is often under-estimated, while random spikes in case load can be mimicked using time dependent random effects.
Dirac Equation Redux by Direct Quantization of the 4-Momentum Vector
Authors: Andoni S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Dirac equation (DE) is a cornerstone of quantum physics. We prove that direct quantization of the 4-momentum vector p with modulus equal to the rest energy m (c =1) yields a manifestly covariant equation with the frame-free operator p. In coordinate representation, this is equivalent to DE with spacetime frame vectors eu replacing Dirac’s gamma-matrices. Recall that standard DE is not manifestly covariant. Adding an independent Hermitian vector e5 to the spacetime basis {eu} allows to accommodate the momentum operator in a real vector space with a complex structure arising alone from vectors and multivectors. The real vector space generated from the action of the Clifford or geometric product onto the quintet {e0, e1, e2, e3, e5} has dimension 32, the same as the equivalent real dimension for the space of Dirac matrices. e5 proves defining for the C& CPT symmetries, distinction of axial vs. polar vectors, left and right handed rotors & spinors, etc. Therefore, we name it reflector and {e0, e1, e2, e3, e5} a basis for spacetime-reflection (STR). The pentavector I = e05123 commutes with all elements of STR and depicts the pseudoscalar in STR. We develop the formalism by deriving all essential results from the novel STR DE: spin ½ magnetic angular momentum, conserved probability currents, symmetries and nonrelativistic approximation. In simple terms, we demonstrate how Dirac matrices are a redundant representation of spacetime-reflection frame vectors. All properties of the Dirac electron / positron spring in STR from the special relativistic 4- momentum and the postulate of quantization.
Analisis kemitraan guru dan orang tua dalam pembentukan karakter anak berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013 di SMA
Authors: Handayani Ilen Putri , Hasrul Hasrul 
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan kareakter anak sangat beragam di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMA), mulai dari displin, sampai dengan juga toleransi, sehingga diperlukan kemitraan guru dan orang tua dalam membentuk karakter anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di SMA N 2 Ranah Pesisir. Pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dua cara, yaitu wawancara terstruktur dan observasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model interaktif analisis Miles dan Hiberman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: kemitraan guru dan orang tua dalam pembentukan karakter anak berdasarkan kurikulum 2013 di SMA guru dan orang tua siswa dalam bekerjasama membentuk karakter anak dengan selalu mengarkan bersyukur dengan pemberian orang lain, perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggung jawab, peduli, santun, ramah lingkungan, gotong royong, kerjasama, dan menunjukan sikap dalam berinteraksi secara efektif dengan lingkungan dan alam, serta dalam menempatkan diri sebagai cerminan bangsa dalam pergaulan, suka bergaul dengan teman-teman, ramah, dan gotongroyong, dan bersosilisasi dengan masyarakat yang berlandasrkan kurikulum 2013.Analysis of the partnership between teachers and parents in the formation of children's character based on the 2013 Curriculum in SMA AbstractThe problem of children's character is very diverse in high school, ranging from discipline to tolerance, so a partnership between teachers and parents is needed in shaping children's character. The location of the research was carried out at SMA N 2 Ranah Pesisir. The research sample was taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study used two ways, namely structured interviews and observation. Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis technique used in this research is the interactive model of Miles and Huberman's analysis. The results showed that: The partnership of teachers and parents in shaping the character of children based on the 2013 curriculum in high school teachers and parents of students in working together to shape children's character by always showing gratitude with the gifts of others, honest behavior, discipline, responsibility, caring, polite, environmentally friendly, mutual cooperation, cooperation, and showing attitudes in interacting effectively with the environment and nature as well as in placing oneself as a reflection of the nation in association, likes to hang out with friends, friendly, and mutual cooperation, and socialize with the community based on the 2013 curriculum.
Contrasting the Expectations and Experiences Related to Mobile Health Use for Chronic Pain: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Kheirinejad Saba , Alorwu Andy , Visuri Aku , Hosio Simo 
Published: July 2022

Background
Chronic pain is a prolonged condition that deteriorates one's quality of life. Treating chronic pain requires a multicomponent approach, and in many cases, there are no “silver bullet” solutions. Mobile health (mHealth) is a rapidly expanding category of solutions in digital health with proven potential in chronic pain management.

Objective
This study aims to contrast the viewpoints of 2 groups of people with chronic pain concerning mHealth: people who have adopted the use of mHealth and those who have not. We highlight the benefits of mHealth solutions for people with chronic pain and the perceived obstacles to their increased adoption. We also provide recommendations to encourage people to try mHealth solutions as part of their self-care.

Methods
The Prolific crowdsourcing platform was used to collect crowdsourced data. A prescreening questionnaire was released to determine what type of pain potential participants have and whether they are currently using mHealth solutions for chronic pain. The participants were invited based on their experience using mHealth to manage their pain. Similar questions were presented to mHealth users and nonusers. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed to determine the outcomes of this study.

Results
In total, 31 responses were collected from people (aged 19-63 years, mean 31.4, SD 12.1) with chronic pain who use mHealth solutions. Two-thirds (n=20, 65%) of the users identified as female and 11 (35%) as male. We matched these mHealth users with an equal number of nonusers: 31 responses from the pool of 361 participants in the prescreening questionnaire. The nonusers’ ages ranged from 18 to 58 years (mean 30.8, SD 11.09), with 15 (50%) identifying as female and 15 (50%) as male. Likert-scale questions were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) test. Results showed that the 2 groups differed significantly on 10 (43%) of 23 questions and shared similar views in the remaining 13 (57%). The most significant differences were related to privacy and interactions with health professionals. Of the 31 mHealth users, 12 (39%) declared that using mHealth solutions has made interacting with health or social care professionals easier (vs n=22, 71%, of nonusers). The majority of the nonusers (n=26, 84%) compared with about half of the users (n=15, 48%) expressed concern about sharing their data with, for example, third parties.

Conclusions
This study investigated how mHealth is currently used in the context of chronic pain and what expectations mHealth nonusers have for mHealth as a future chronic pain management tool. Analysis revealed contrasts between mHealth use expectations and actual usage experiences, highlighting privacy concerns toward mHealth solutions. Generally, the results showed that nonusers are more concerned about data privacy and expect mHealth to facilitate interacting with health professionals. The users, in contrast, feel that such connections do not exist.
Factors Influencing How Providers Assess the Appropriateness of Video Visits: Interview Study With Primary and Specialty Health Care Providers
Authors: Gray Caroline , Wray Charlie , Tisdale Rebecca , Chaudary Camila , Slightam Cindie , Zulman Donna 
Published: July 2022

Background
The rapid implementation of virtual care (ie, telephone or video-based clinic appointments) during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many providers offering virtual care with little or no formal training and without clinical guidelines and tools to assist with decision-making. As new guidelines for virtual care provision take shape, it is critical that they are informed by an in-depth understanding of how providers make decisions about virtual care in their clinical practices.

Objective
In this paper, we sought to identify the most salient factors that influence how providers decide when to offer patients video appointments instead of or in conjunction with in-person care.

Methods
We conducted semistructured interviews with 28 purposefully selected primary and specialty health care providers from the US Department of Veteran’s Affairs health care system. We used an inductive approach to identify factors that impact provider decision-making.

Results
Qualitative analysis revealed distinct clinical, patient, and provider factors that influence provider decisions to initiate or continue with virtual visits. Clinical factors include patient acuity, the need for additional tests or labs, changes in patients’ health status, and whether the patient is new or has no recent visit. Patient factors include patients’ ability to articulate symptoms or needs, availability and accessibility of technology, preferences for or against virtual visits, and access to caregiver assistance. Provider factors include provider comfort with and acceptance of virtual technology as well as virtual physical exam skills and training.

Conclusions
Providers within the US Department of Veterans Affairs health administration system consider a complex set of factors when deciding whether to offer or continue a video or telephone visit. These factors can inform the development and further refinement of decision tools, guides, and other policies to ensure that virtual care expands access to high-quality care.
A Comparison of Two Stool Positions for Stabilizing a Dental Chair During CPR
Authors: Hitosugi Takashi , Awata Norimasa , Miki Yoichiro , Tsukamoto Masanori , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Most dental chairs lack sufficient stability to perform effective manual chest compression (MCC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). A stabilizing stool can significantly reduce backrest vertical displacement in all chair types; however, a severely curved exterior backrest may negatively impact the stool's effectiveness. This study evaluated the efficacy of 2 stool positions for stabilizing a dental chair during MCC.

Methods:
Chest compressions were performed on a manikin positioned in a dental chair while vertical displacement of the chair backrest during MCC was recorded using video and measured. Vertical displacement data were captured with no stool and with a stabilizing stool in 2 different positions. Reduction ratios were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of the 2 stool positions.

Results:
With no stool, the backrest median (interquartile range) vertical displacement during chest compressions was 16.5 (2.5) mm as compared with 12.0 (1.5) mm for the stabilizing stool positioned under the area of MCC and 8.5 (1.0) mm under the shoulders. The stool positioned under the shoulders produced a significantly increased calculated reduction ratio of 48% (14%) compared with 27% (20%) under the area of MCC (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions:
Positioning a stabilizing stool under the shoulders was more effective at reducing vertical displacement of the dental chair backrest during chest compressions than positioning the stool under the area of MCC.
Integrating Immersive Experiences to Instruction through BreakoutEDU
Authors: Kwong Vincci , Falzon Judith , Feighery Julie 
Published: July 2022

This study employed an escape room motif to engage students to use information literacy course material to solve puzzles. Students practiced research techniques in a classroom environment that bypassed their expectations of traditional course instruction. Instructor objectives were to increase student engagement with the course material, and to foster teamwork among students in a cooperative learning environment. Authors initially obtained 9 kits from Breakout EDU, a company specializing in immersive games. Games were devised for three of the course units, with each unit identifying 4-5 information literacy skills or concepts. The puzzles were focused on reinforcement of the key concepts. After each escape room class session, students completed a short survey. At the end of the semester students completed another survey about their experiences. Over 80% of students indicated the games helped them understand course concepts. Comparisons of final grades in the gamified courses with previous, non-gamified courses revealed that students achieved more A’s and fewer D’s and F’s in the gamified courses. Future directions for study include flipping game design to student groups, and further analysis of correlations between concepts learned through traditional teaching techniques and those learned in Breakout EDU classes.
PEMILIHAN DAERAH PENERIMA BANTUAN PUSAT PENGENDALIAN OPERASI MENGGUNAKAN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS PADA PUSDATINKOMBEN BNPB
Authors: Leonard Leonard , Iqbal Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

Pusat Pengendalian Operasi Penanggulangan Bencana (Pusdalops PB) adalah sebuah Pusat Pemantauan kondisi alam dan aktivitas terhadap potensi bencana pada daerah-daerah yang memiliki risiko tinggi terhadap bencana alam. Informasi terkait dengan bencana perlu dikumpulkan, diproses, dianalisis dan selanjutnya disusun laporan serta diseminasinya. Informasi kebencanaan di sini tidak hanya menyangkut kejadian bencana, namun juga upaya penanganan yang dilakukan oleh berbagai pihak baik saat prabencana maupun pasca bencana. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah Pemberian Bantuan Pusat Pengendalian Operasi Penanggulangan Bencana (Pusdalops PB) adanya penilaian yang bersifat subyektif oleh tim penilai kelayakan daerah penerima bantuan. Sehingga daerah-daerah yang benar-benar layak mendapatkan bantuan Pusat Pengendalian Operasi Penanggulangan Bencana (Pusdalops PB) menjadi tidak mendapatkan bantuan. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan algoritma Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang diaplikasikan kedalam sebuah sistem penunjang keputusan dan uji kelayakan aplikasi menggunakan ISO 9126. Sehingga hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem penunjang keputusan yang mampu memberikan keluaran berupa perangkingan kepada daerah-daeran calon penerima bantuan. . Hasil dari aplikasi menggunakan 3 buah data daerah penerima bantuan menunjukan nilai tertinggi sebesar 0.535 dan terendah 0.156
SISTEM INFORMASI WEBSITE SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI DAN SARANA INFORMASI PADA RUMAH SAKIT MARDI WALUYO METRO
Authors: Istiqomah Nurul , Hidayat Arif 
Published: July 2022

Rumah Sakit Mardi Waluyo Metro merupakan salah satu instansi yang bergerak dibidang kesehatan, sehingga diperlukan suatu media promosi dan sarana informasi berbasis website yang menampilkan informasi seputar RS. Mardi Waluyo Metro. Sistem pada RS. Mardi Waluyo Metro sudah terkomputerisasi dengan baik, penyampaian informasi juga sudah baik, yaitu dengan brosur, via handphone, dan dari satu pihak ke pihak lainnya. Tetapi penyampaian informasi dari segi teknologi belum maksimal akibatnya dalam proses penyampaian informasi ini ada beberapa masyarakat yang belum mengetahui tentang informasi terbaru. Maka permasalahan dalam pembuatan laporan tugas akhir ini dapat dirumuskan yaitu: “Bagaimana merancang dan membuat desain website dinamis sebagai media promosi dan sarana informasi pada RS. Mardi Waluyo Metro, Menggunakan media online sebagai sarana untuk mempermudah dalam memberikan informasi seputar RS. Mardi Waluyo Metro kepada masyarakat”. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan penulis dalam permasalahan yaitu merancang sistem informasi website dinamis pada RS. Mardi Waluyo Metro. Kegunaan dari penelitian yaitu sistem informasi website yang dibangun dapat menjadi media promosi rumah sakit, masyarakat dalam mendapatkan informasi lebih mudah.
Metode yang dipakai dalam pengumpulan data yaitu Studi Lapangan yang terdiri Wawancara, Pengamatan, Dokumentasi, dan Studi Pustaka. Metode yang dipakai untuk merancang sistem adalah: menganalisis sistem yang sedang berjalan, mendesain sistem baru, membuat sistem/pemrograman, dan yang terakhir pengujian sistem. Dalam penggambaran perancangan web pengembangan aplikasi yang digunakan yaitu Aliran Informasi, Diagram Konteks, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Flowchart, Aplikasi yang digunakan yaitu: Adobe Dreamweaver, Database Management System (DBMS), Adobe Photoshop, XAMPP, Microsoft Office Visio, Database, perancangan masukkan, dan pembuatan program
Gibberellic Acid 4+7 Influences Shoot Growth of Seedling Pecan and Bitternut Hickory
Authors: Miller Brandon M. , Bassuk Nina L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Shoot development of seedling hickories is slow, limiting their success as viable crops using standard growing techniques. Because hickories are predominantly propagated by seed, we questioned whether gibberellic acid (GA) could be used on seedlings to overcome slow shoot development during juvenility. Treatments of one-year-old seedlings of bitternut hickory [Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch], pignut hickory [C. glabra (Mill.) Sweet], pecan [C. illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch], kingnut hickory [C. laciniosa (F. Michx.) Loud.], shagbark hickory [C. ovata (Mill.) K. Koch], and mockernut hickory [C. tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt.] began at bud break by applying a solution of 500 ppm GA4+7 dissolved in 95% ethanol directly to apical buds or stem tissue at three-day intervals for 27 days. After 160 days, neither treatment affected caliper of any taxon, although species differences were observed. Compared to nontreated control plants, treatment of buds resulted in a 234% and 144% increase in shoot height of bitternut hickory and pecan, respectively. In a second experiment, the same treatments were implemented on seedlings of bitternut hickory shortly after germination. Only shoot height and dry weight were affected (increased) by application of GA4+7. This study indicates plant growth regulators could be effective at increasing shoot extension of some hickories.
Chemicals used in this study: Gibberellic acid 4+7 (GA4+7).
Species used in this study: bitternut hickory [Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch]; pignut hickory [C. glabra (Mill.) Sweet]; pecan [C. illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch]; kingnut hickory [C. laciniosa (F. Michx.) Loudon]; shagbark hickory [C. ovata (Mill.) K. Koch]; and mockernut hickory [C. tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt.].