bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Impact of Sarcopenia in Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pinijmung Prapromporn , Yuenyongchaiwat Kornanong , Buakhamsri Adisai 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Abnormal structure and function of cardiac muscles in heart failure (HF) may lead to decreased muscle mass and muscle strength, including low physical performance. This may play an important role in the development of sarcopenia.

Objective:
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with HF and to explore the association between sarcopenia and HF.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of 152 patients with HF was conducted in Thammasat University Hospital and Central Chest Institute of Thailand. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Participants were requested to perform handgrip strength, gait speed, and muscle mass. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between sarcopenia occurrence and HF.

Results:
The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with HF was 19.8% (14.0% in men and 31.1% in women). Participants with sarcopenia had a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) than those without sarcopenia (p<0.001). In addition, patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower respiratory muscle strength than those without sarcopenia (p<0.01). Sarcopenia was found to be significantly associated with age, sex, BMI, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p<0.05). In addition, age, sex, BMI, and LVEF predicted skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) accounted for 76.8% of the variance.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with HF was similar to that reported in previous studies. Regarding risk factors, age, sex, BMI, and LVEF were related to sarcopenia in the female sex, advanced age, low BMI, and low LVEF.
Aortic Area as an Indicator of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kuipers Allison L. , Carr J. Jeffrey , Terry James G. , Nair Sangeeta , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Wheeler Victor , Zmuda Joseph M. , Miljkovic Iva 
Published: April 2022

Aim:
Outward arterial remodeling occurs early in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and, as such, measuring arterial dimension may be an early indicator of subclinical disease.

Objective:
The objective of our study was to measure area at three aortic locations: The ascending thoracic (ASC), the descending thoracic (DSC), and the abdominal (ABD), and to test for association with traditional CVD risk factors and subclinical CVD throughout the body.

Methods:
We measured ASC, DSC, and ABD using computed tomography (CT) in 408 African ancestry men aged 50-89 years. We assessed prevalent CVD risk factors via participant interview and clinical exam, and subclinical CVD, including carotid atherosclerosis through B-mode carotid ultrasound, vascular calcification via chest and abdominal CT, and arterial stiffness via pulse-wave velocity (PWV).

Results:
As expected, all aortic areas were in correlation with each other (r=0.39-0.63, all p<0.0001) and associated with greater age, greater body size, and hypertension (p≤0.01 for all). After adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors, ASC was positively associated with carotid atherosclerosis (p<0.01). A greater area at each location was associated with greater PWV (p<0.03 for all), with the DSC region showing the most significant association.

Conclusion:

This is the first study to test the association of aortic area measured at multiple points with subclinical CVD. We found that combined CT assessment of ascending and descending aortic area may indicate a high risk of prevalent subclinical CVD elsewhere in the body independent of age, body size, and blood pressure.
The Effects of a Computer Game (Healthy Rat King) on Preschool Children’s Nutritional Knowledge and Junk Food Intake Behavior: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chang Ing-Chau , Yang Cheng-Ying , Yen Chin-En 
Published: April 2022

Background
Playing computer-aided games could enhance children’s interest in learning about nutritional knowledge and eventually promote healthy dietary intake behavior.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer game (Healthy Rat King) in improving the knowledge on nutrition and junk food intake among preschool children in Taiwan.

Methods
This was a quasi-experimental study that utilized the computer game Healthy Rat King as the nutrition education tool. We recruited 104 preschool children (aged 5-6 years) from preschools in central Taiwan, who were assigned to either the experimental group (n=56) or the control group (n=48). In the experimental group, a 1-hour computer-based educational game intervention was included in the course for 4 consecutive weeks. The control group did not receive this intervention.

Results
The level of nutritional knowledge for children in the experimental group was significantly higher than those in the control group after 4 weeks (P=.002). Furthermore, the frequency of consumption of chocolate, candies, and ice cream (high-calorie junk food) was reduced in the experimental group. There was also no significant difference in the consumption of candy and chocolate (P=.54), ice cream and ice pops (P=.21), cake (P=.92), biscuit (P=.98), soft drinks (P=.52), and fruit juice and sugary drinks (P=.31) between the 2 groups in the posttest.

Conclusions
Teaching using a computer game could improve children’s nutritional knowledge. However, the intake frequency of junk food among children in the experimental group showed no significant difference from those in the control group.
A Text Messaging Intervention to Support Latinx Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia (CuidaTEXT): Development and Usability Study
Authors: Perales-Puchalt Jaime , Acosta-Rullán Mariola , Ramírez-Mantilla Mariana , Espinoza-Kissell Paul , Vidoni Eric , Niedens Michelle , Ellerbeck Edward , Hinton Ladson , Loera Linda , Ramírez A Susana , Lara Esther , Watts Amber , Williams Kristine , Resendez Jason , Burns Jeffrey 
Published: April 2022

Background
Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia face many barriers to caregiver support access. Interventions to alleviate these barriers are urgently needed.

Objective
This study aimed to describe the development of CuidaTEXT, a tailored SMS text messaging intervention to support Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia.

Methods
CuidaTEXT is informed by the stress process framework and social cognitive theory. We developed and refined CuidaTEXT using a mixed methods approach that included thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. We followed 6 user-centered design stages, namely, the selection of design principles, software vendor collaboration, evidence-based foundation, caregiver and research and clinical advisory board guidance, sketching and prototyping, and usability testing of the prototype of CuidaTEXT among 5 Latinx caregivers.

Results
CuidaTEXT is a bilingual 6-month-long SMS text messaging–based intervention tailored to caregiver needs that includes 1-3 daily automatic messages (n=244) about logistics, dementia education, self-care, social support, end of life, care of the person with dementia, behavioral symptoms, and problem-solving strategies; 783 keyword-driven text messages for further help with the aforementioned topics; live chat interaction with a coach for further help; and a 19-page reference booklet summarizing the purpose and functions of the intervention. The 5 Latinx caregivers who used the prototype of CuidaTEXT scored an average of 97 out of 100 on the System Usability Scale.

Conclusions
CuidaTEXT’s prototype demonstrated high usability among Latinx caregivers. CuidaTEXT’s feasibility is ready to be tested.
Effects of relay intercropping model and application of biological agents on the growth and yield of hot pepper
Authors: Sevirasari Nindy , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Kurniasih Budiastuti , Suryanti Suryanti , Wibowo Arif , Joko Tri 
Published: April 2022

Tiyung cultivar, the consumer preferences of hot pepper in Magelang Regency, is still low in productivity (7 ton.ha-1). This research aimed to determine the growth and yield of hot pepper planted in relay intercropping as affected by biological agent application as a technology to increase productivity. This research was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with an intercropping pattern of hot pepper (two and three rows model). The second factor was the application of biological agents, consisting of Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus velezensis B-27 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (with and without biological agents). The control was the monoculture of hot pepper without biological agent application. The data observed were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test at α= 5 %. The results showed that the relay intercropping of hot pepper produced less numbers of branches and leaves. It indicated more efficiency in the use of assimilates for the development of generative organs, thereby resulting in the high values fruits weight per plant, which were as high as those in monoculture. The productivity observed in relay intercropping was 12.93 ton.ha-1, which was 15.8 % higher than in monoculture. The application of biological agents significantly increased the stomatal density, the size of stomatal opening, the number of leaves, weight of fruits per plant and productivity of hot pepper. The productivity of plant applied with biological agents was 16.84 ton.ha-1, which was 86.50 % higher than that without biological agents application.
Analysis of Heavy Metals in Shellfish in Tanjung Balai Waters
Authors: Siahaan Reny Yuliana , Silalahi Jansen , Lubis Zulkifli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Shellfish is a source of toxic heavy metals and the maximum levels of heavy metals allowed in shellfish by BPOM RI are Lead 1.5 mg/kg, Cadmium 1 mg/kg and Copper 20 mg/kg. Heavy metal content in shellfish is influenced by environmental pollution in which the shellfish live. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of heavy metals in three types of shellfish in Tanjung Balai Asahan waters. Shellfish samples were taken from 3 different locations in Tanjung Balai in July 2021. Determination of the levels of heavy metals Pb, Cd and Cu in green mussels, mussels and blood clams was carried out using the AAS method with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed the levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) in Green mussels in Tanjung Balai, namely: Pb of 0.273 mg/kg – 0.406 mg/kg, Cd of 0.089 mg/kg – 0.106 mg/kg mg /kg, Cu is 1,864 mg/kg – 2,011 mg/kg. In oyster shells Pb was 0.051 – 0.095 mg/kg, Cd was 0.077 – 0.091 mg/kg, and Cu was 1.024 mg/kg – 1.064 mg/kg. It was concluded that green mussels had the highest heavy metal content. The levels of heavy metals in the analyzed shellfish samples were still below the maximum levels permitted by BPOM RI.
Keywords: Lead, Cadmium, Copper,Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Shells
Exercise therapy improves quality of life in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
Authors: Batah Heya , Baughan Scott L. 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
George SA, Bivens TB, Howden EJ, et al. The international POTS registry: Evaluating the efficacy of an exercise training intervention in a community setting. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13(4):943-950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.12.012
for exercise efficacy in patients with POTS.
Insulin therapy versus oral sitagliptin for treatment of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
Authors: Nasser Sarah 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Hals IK, Fiskvik Fleiner H, Reimers N, et al. Investigating optimal β-cell-preserving treatment in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: Results from a 21-month randomized trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019;21(10):2219-2227. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13797
for a patient with an aversion to needles.
On Removing a Trump Card: Flesh and Blood and the Reign of God
Authors: Johnson Andy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article reexamines the meaning of the phrase "flesh and blood" in 1 Cor 15:50 in light of two recent proposals (Martin, Asher) as to the reason why "some" in Paul's audience are denying a future resurrection. While assuming these nuanced proposals cogently describe the assumptions of Paul's audience, the article contends that Paul does not use "flesh and blood" to denote the particular "stuff" of which human beings are composed. Hence, contra these recent proposals, 1 Cor 15:50 does not exclude the possibility that the fleshly "stuff" of the human person is able to be redeemed/transformed and yet remain fleshly material capable of participating as such in the coming kingdom of God.
Renewing Conversations: Doing Scholarship in an Age of Skepticism, Accommodation, and Specialization
Authors: Long V. Philips 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Starting with the proposition that we, as scholars, live by the quality of our words (or conversations), this paper explores how we might renew conversations in three areas. First, in an age of skepticism in which God-talk is methodologically excluded from much academic conversation, how might we achieve a better correlation between our methodological practices and our metaphysical convictions? Second, in an age tending toward accommodation, how might we more transparently converse with un-like-minded scholars, "speaking the truth in love"? Third, in an age of increasing specialization, how might we improve our conversations among ourselves, as like-minded scholars, so as to achieve more thoroughly grounded syntheses?
A Hermeneutics of Hearing Informed by the Parables with Special Reference to Mark 4
Authors: Snodgrass Klyne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Jesus' parables were intended to enable hearing and elicit a response. They assume a hermeneutics of hearing, one that calls for depth listening and includes a hermeneutics of obedience. The Parable of the Sower more than any other is a parable of hearing, even though on the surface Mark 4:11–12 seems to suggest the opposite. An analysis of the Sower, its Markan context, and its background in Isa 6 underscores the importance of hearing and provides a basis for understanding a hermeneutics of hearing.
Imitatio Christi and the Gospel Genre
Authors: CAPES DAVID B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article considers that the Gospel genre belongs to the category of ancient biography designed to provide the reader and hearer with a pattern to imitate. The literary and cultural ethos of the formative period of early Christianity prepared the first disciples to "imitate Christ" whenever the Gospels were liturgically read. In fact, the ethical instructions "walk as he walked," "imitate Christ," or even "follow me" required a narrative definition. So the imitatio Christi provided a significant impulse for the writing of the Gospels, and concomitantly, the Gospels provided the narrative definition for what it meant to follow Jesus.
Who's Who and What's What in Isaiah 53
Authors: KIRCHHEVEL GORDON D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The despised servant of the Lord in Isa 53:3 was the despised "slave of rulers" in 49:7, who was identified as "Israel" in 49:3. The Lord promised to liberate his people from these rulers (52:3–5). The rulers included "the magnates" mentioned in 53:11b and 12a and the king of the unnamed Mesopotamian "people" mentioned in v. 8. That king spoke (53:1–11a) "to the magnates" (v. 11b). The slave was unjustly beaten (50:6–9), oppressed (53:7a), and exploited (v. 7b). The king wanted payment to release the slave to work for the Lord (v. 10), but the Lord, who had already said that the rulers would get nothing (52:3), declared that the "innocent" slave should get a share with the magnates and potentates "under whom he exhausted himself to death" (53:11b–12b).
An Analysis of Two Early LXX Manuscripts from Qumran: 4QLXXNum and 4QLXXLeva in the Light of Previous Studies
Authors: PETERSEN NICHOLAS 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
4QLXXNum and 4QLXXLeva are extensively analyzed below, and it is concluded that these manuscripts are best understood as either stylistic or clarifying revisions of the OG and that the OG is better represented by Ged. As such, this work substantiates and builds upon the previous conclusions of Patrick Skehan and John Wevers, while the conclusions of Eugene Ulrich, who found the idiosyncratic nature of these two manuscripts to be indicative of their primacy, are necessarily opposed. In addition, the proposals that Ulrich has offered to the effect that a variant Hebrew Vorlage underlies these texts are shown to be inadequate. Besides these text-critical considerations, it will be shown that 4QLXXLeva in particular exhibits some significant instances of stylistic translation technique.
Vindicating God's Servants in Philippi and in Philippians: The Influence of Paul's Ministry in Philippi upon the Composition of Philippians 2:6–11
Authors: HELLERMAN JOSEPH H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article examines the thematic parallels between (a) Paul's portrayal of the humiliation and exaltation of Christ in Phil 2:6–11 and (b) Luke's story of the public shaming and vindication of Paul and Silas, while they were in Philippi during the second missionary journey. I draw on socioanthropological findings related to collective memory and social identity formation to suggest that the sequence of events surrounding the founding of the Philippian church (later related by Luke in Acts 16:11–40) functioned in an ongoing way as the community's narrative of origins. The story thus served to legitimate the Philippian Christians' social identity as a threatened minority group in the colony. Paul, now imprisoned in Rome (ca. A.D. 62), and quite aware of the enduring impact on the Philippians of events surrounding the founding of the church, frames his picture of Christ in Phil 2 in a way that resonates with this still-familiar story of the humiliation and vindication of the missionaries during their visit to the colony more than a decade earlier.
Did Jesus Quote Isaiah 29:13 against the Pharisees? An Unpopular Appraisal
Authors: HATINA THOMAS R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In contrast to the widely held view that the saying in Mark 7:5–7 is a Markan redaction, this article argues that the exchange between Jesus and the Pharisees is thoroughly at home in an inter-Jewish (non-Christian) polemic concerning the ideology of purity and thus may well be more historical, or earlier, than is often thought. More specifically, it is argued that the function of Isa 29:13 as a scriptural support for the denunciation of the "tradition of the elders" finds its closest parallel in the targumic interpretive tradition and not in the early church.
Jesus and the Synoptic Sabbath Controversies
Authors: HAGNER DONALD A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The historicity of the Sabbath-controversy passages passes a variety of tests including historical plausibility, dissimilarity, and multiple attestation. These passages find a natural place in Jesus' encounter with the Pharisees. The plucking of grain on the Sabbath and the Sabbath healings could not but raise the ire of the Pharisees, who thought of themselves as the guardians of the law. Since the Sabbath was an anticipation of the eschaton, Jesus regarded it as the perfect day for bringing wholeness to those in need. These Sabbath deeds are an indispensable part of the kingdom he brings, and thus they point to his messianic mission, his authority, and his identity. Thus, as with the question of Jesus' view of the law itself, so too the Sabbath controversies find their final explanation in matters of Christology and eschatology.
Justification according to Paul's Thessalonian Correspondence
Authors: RAINBOW PAUL A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Admittedly, Paul does not use the special vocabulary of justification in his Thessalonian epistles, but here he views the Christian life in the light of the coming judgment and calls on his converts to persevere and grow in faith and love to that end. This apocalyptic perspective provides a focus around which we can organize fragmentary references to the future of justification in his other epistles (Rom 2:13, 8:33–34; 1 Cor 4:3–5; Gal 2:17, 5:4–6). What Paul teaches in this connection highlights the "work of faith," alongside Christ's righteousness imputed to faith, as a secondary and derivative, but necessary part of the basis (ground) for a favorable verdict on the last day.
When God Spoke Greek: The Place of the Greek Bible in Evangelical Scholarship
Authors: JOBES KAREN H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Septuagint was the OT of the Christian church for centuries because it was the Scripture of Israel in its Greek form that was used extensively by the NT writers and the early Church fathers. From the time of the Reformation, the Hebrew Masoretic Text has eclipsed the place of the Septuagint in Protestant scholarship. This article, originally delivered as a plenary lecture at the IBR meeting in 2004, argues for a place for the Septuagint in evangelical scholarship that moves beyond textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible and the discussion of canon. New Testament exegesis that refers to the Hebrew text where the NT authors were in fact using the Greek OT is methodologically flawed, as is biblical theology that fails to give the Septuagint its historical due as a literary and theological background of the NT. Moreover, much fresh opportunity for scholarship awaits those who study the ancient Greek versions of the OT in their own right.
Translating παραλυτικός in Mark 2:1–12: A Proposal
Authors: PETERSON DWIGHT N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The man who is healed by Jesus in Mark 2:1–12 is denoted in the text by the word παραλυτικός, which is usually translated 'paralytic'. The problem with this translation by transliteration is that it is by no means clear that the man in view was "paralyzed" in any modern sense of the word. A word study of παραλυτικός, along with related words παραλύειν and παραλύσις, in and beyond the NT shows the lack of etiological, diagnostic, and prognostic specificity that characterizes ancient medical language when compared with modern technical medical terminology. This means that in Mark 2, we do not know what was "wrong" with the "paralytic," other than that he could not walk. The possible causes of his condition are numerous: stroke, head injury, twisted or badly broken legs that did not heal properly, severe arthritis, or even a psychosomatic condition, to name but a few possibilities. All of these conditions and many others could easily result in a situation in which a person "cannot walk." A good translation of the word in this context, then, ought to be nonspecific and nontechnical by modern standards and ought not to draw attention to the cause of the man's condition. I, a paraplegic who uses a wheelchair, suggest that the word 'cripple' fits the bill but provide alternative translation possibilities for those who cannot countenance the use of this word, which comes across as offensive to many people.