bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Khintchine-type recurrence for 3-point configurations
Authors: Ackelsberg Ethan , Bergelson Vitaly , Shalom Or 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to generalise, refine and improve results on large intersections from [2, 8]. We show that if G is a countable discrete abelian group and

$\varphi , \psi : G \to G$

are homomorphisms, such that at least two of the three subgroups

$\varphi (G)$

,

$\psi (G)$

and

$(\psi -\varphi )(G)$

have finite index in G, then

$\{\varphi , \psi \}$

has the large intersections property. That is, for any ergodic measure preserving system

$\textbf {X}=(X,\mathcal {X},\mu ,(T_g)_{g\in G})$

, any

$A\in \mathcal {X}$

and any

$\varepsilon>0$

, the set

$$ \begin{align*} \{g\in G : \mu(A\cap T_{\varphi(g)}^{-1} A \cap T_{\psi(g)}^{-1} A)>\mu(A)^3-\varepsilon\} \end{align*} $$

is syndetic (Theorem 1.11). Moreover, in the special case where

$\varphi (g)=ag$

and

$\psi (g)=bg$

for

$a,b\in \mathbb {Z}$

, we show that we only need one of the groups

$aG$

,

$bG$

or

$(b-a)G$

to be of finite index in G (Theorem 1.13), and we show that the property fails, in general, if all three groups are of infinite index (Theorem 1.14).
One particularly interesting case is where

$G=(\mathbb {Q}_{>0},\cdot )$

and

$\varphi (g)=g$

,

$\psi (g)=g^2$

, which leads to a multiplicative version of the Khintchine-type recurrence result in [8]. We also completely characterise the pairs of homomorphisms

$\varphi ,\psi $

that have the large intersections property when

$G = {{\mathbb Z}}^2$

.
The proofs of our main results rely on analysis of the structure of the universal characteristic factor for the multiple ergodic averages

$$ \begin{align*} \frac{1}{|\Phi_N|} \sum_{g\in \Phi_N}T_{\varphi(g)}f_1\cdot T_{\psi(g)} f_2. \end{align*} $$

In the case where G is finitely generated, the characteristic factor for such averages is the Kronecker factor. In this paper, we study actions of groups that are not necessarily finitely generated, showing, in particular, that, by passing to an extension of

$\textbf {X}$

, one can describe the characteristic factor in terms of the Conze–Lesigne factor and the

$\sigma $

-algebras of

$\varphi (G)$

and

$\psi (G)$

invariant functions (Theorem 4.10).
A comparative study of eight European countries: how life course events affect female migrant labour market integration under the perspective of welfare and production regimes
Authors: Lee Juhyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article analyses how life course events including education, citizenship, marriage status and having children would affect female migrant labour market integration. This is put in terms of employment status and job quality under the perspective of welfare and production regimes. To investigate different institutional effects, countries representative of these regimes’ typologies, such as the UK and Ireland for liberal market economies/liberal welfare states, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden for coordinated market economies (CME)/social democratic welfare states, alongside Germany and France for CME/conservative welfare states, were employed. European Social Survey data are adopted within a linear probability model, alongside a nested model aggregating life course events. Through these, migrant penalty is analysed regarding labour market outcomes with respect to natives. Among the life course events, education and citizenship acquisition showed a particularly strong impact on migrant penalty, while marriage and having a child did not significantly affect migrant penalty.
Viability of chemical and water isotope ratio measurements of RAID ice chippings from Antarctica
Authors: Rowell Isobel F. , Mulvaney Robert , Rix Julius , Tetzner Dieter R. , Wolff Eric W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe British Antarctic Survey's (BAS) Rapid Access Isotope Drill (RAID), designed for rapid drilling to survey prospective ice core sites, has been deployed at multiple Antarctic locations over 6 years. This drilling method creates ice chippings that can be discretely sampled and analysed for their chemical and water isotopic composition. Ice sampling methods have evolved since the first uses of the BAS RAID, enabling a more quantifiable sample resolution. Here, we show that water isotope records obtained from RAID ice are comparable to those of equivalent depth resolution from proximal ice cores. Records of chemical impurities also show good agreement with nearby cores. Our findings suggest that the RAID is suitable for both chemical and isotopic reconnaissance of drilling sites. Residual contamination of certain ions is discussed, with proposed design changes to avoid this issue with future use.
Cornulitid tubeworms and other calcareous tubicolous organisms from the Hirmuse Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of northern Estonia
Authors: Vinn Olev , Madison Anna , Wilson Mark A. , Toom Ursula 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeven species of cornulitids, one unidentified tubicolous shell, and the problematic bryozoan Lagenosypho Spandel, 1898 are here described from the Katian of Baltica. Three new species—Cornulites lindae new species, Cornulites meidlai new species, and Conchicolites kroegeri new species—are described. The unidentified tubicolous organism has punctate shell structure and setae-like structures that can best be affiliated with lophophorates. The Hirmuse fauna indicates that the diversity and number of cornulitids in the Ordovician of Baltica has been underestimated and it is likely that the Baltic cornulitid fauna was as diverse and abundant as the fauna of Laurentia. Clay mud-bottom environments supported the highest cornulitid diversity in the Late Ordovician of Baltica. The occurrence of intermediate forms indicates that some tentaculitid characters, e.g., regular annulation and a nearly straight shell, which were thought to be apomorphies of free-living tentaculitids, were actually inherited from ancestral cornulitids. The cornulitid fauna of the Late Ordovician of Laurentia somewhat resembles the cornulitid fauna of the Late Ordovician of Baltica, but there are fewer common faunal elements between Gondwana and Baltica.UUID: http://zoobank.org/cc704237-b578-4d06-a8ed-8457ca3ce972
Revision ofEothinocerasand the status of the Eothinoceratidae (Cyrtocerinida, Multiceratoidea, Cephalopoda)
Authors: Evans David H. , Cichowolski Marcela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe type specimens ofEothinoceras americanumUlrich et al., 1944, type species of the genusEothinocerasUlrich et al., 1944, are revised based on new photographic material. The resulting interpretation of the conch shape ofEothinocerasshows that the type species is an endogastric cyrtocone, necessitating the restriction ofEothinocerasto the type species and requiring the revision of the family Eothinoceratidae and the order Cyrtocerinida. A new scheme for classifying the genera of the order Cyrtocerinida into its three families is proposed: (1) Eothinoceratidae Ulrich et al., 1944, containing the generaEothinoceras;ProtothinocerasChen and Teichert, 1987;MesothinocerasChen and Teichert, 1987; andConothinocerasChen and Teichert, 1987; (2) Cyrtocerinidae Flower, 1946, includingCyrtocerinaBillings, 1865;TangshanocerasChen, 1976; andCentrocyrtocerinaStait, 1983; (3) Bathmoceratidae Gill, 1871, containingBathmocerasBarrande, 1865;SalocerasEvans, 2005;SacerdosocerasEvans, 2005;MargaritocerasCecioni and Flower, 1985; andMutveicerasCichowolski et al., 2014.
Metaphors and culturally unique idioms of eating and drinking in Mongolian
Authors: Wu Tana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the cognitive mechanisms underlying eating and drinking metaphors in Mongolian and discusses complex linguistic features of some culturally unique idioms relating toid-‘eat’ anduu-‘drink’, which are interpreted from a sociocultural perspective, along with the help of world knowledge. Metaphorical extensions ofid- anduu-fall into three subcategories: (1) agent-oriented extensions, highlighting the consumer’s role in the source domain of eating and drinking; (2) patient-oriented extensions, focusing on destructive effects on the patient in the source domain; (3) extensions involving both agent and patient orientations, describing the agent’s sensation and “destruction” of the patient at the same time. Based on the Mongolian Web Corpus (mnWac16) and an extensive online dictionary (mongoltoli.mn), it is found that patient-oriented extensions tend to be more connected with EAT verbs in Mongolian, denoting a range of extensions like overcoming of the patient, spending material wealth, psychological torment or destruction, corrosion caused by external factors, etc., while agent-oriented extensions are more likely to involve DRINK verbs, denoting ‘smoking’, receiving material wealth (e.g., earning money) and absorption of such liquids as ink or oil. Overall,id- has a broader extension thanuu-, and there are some overlaps involving both agent and patient orientations in terms of living on material wealth and physical exploitation. Some common usages pertaining to metaphorical extensions of consumption verbs are found cross-linguistically.
An RNA-seq transcriptome analysis for investigating the anti-lung cancer activity of medicinalCuscuta chinensisLam plant
Authors: Maimaiti Aikebaier , Xu Juewen , Shi Linsen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCuscuta chinensisLam. is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat female sterility and male reproductive system disorders. However, the anti-lung cancer properties ofCuscuta chinensisLam. and possible molecular mechanisms have yet to be explored. Thus, the study’s main purpose was to evaluatein vitroandin vivoanti-lung cancer properties ofC. chinensiswater extract (CLW) in human lung adenocarcinomas and the underlying molecular mechanism involved. Our results demonstrated that CLW caused a significant inhibition of cell viability and induced G1 cycle arrest in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-seq transcriptome analysis revealed 602 common genes with a significant expression in A549 and H1650 cells under CLW treatment. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that these common genes regulated by CLW mainly involve lung cancer cell proliferation, metastases and apoptosis processes. In addition, forty-six common genes (> 2-fold change) regulated by CLW in A549 and H1650 cells were selected for further validation.In vitroquantitative real-time PCR results confirmed that twelve genes were up-regulated, and four genes were down-regulated in A549 and H1650 cells. Thein vivoexperiment demonstrated CLW could significantly decrease tumour volume and tumour weight of mice compared with the control group. Moreover,in vivoquantitative real-time PCR results revealed that C11orf96, FGFBP1, FOSB and NPTX1 genes were up-regulated and EGR1, GBP4 and MAP2K6 genes were down-regulated in tumour tissues compared with the control group. These data strongly suggest that CLW could be developed as an efficacious drug for lung cancer treatment.
IN DEFENCE OF FEMALE CITIZENSHIP: APOLLODORUS, AGAINST NEAERA 113
Authors: Campa Naomi T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn a passage from Apollodorus’ Against Neaera ([Dem.] 59.113), the manuscripts have unanimously transmitted the feminine plural genitive of ‘citizen’, πολιτίδων. Since Reiske's 1770 emendation, however, editions of the text have printed the considerably more common masculine form, πολιτῶν. Emphasizing the importance of female citizenship in Athens, this note proposes restoring the manuscript reading of the text.
Runaway dynamics in reactor-scale spherical tokamak disruptions
Authors: Berger Esmée , Pusztai István , Newton Sarah L. , Hoppe Mathias , Vallhagen Oskar , Fil Alexandre , Fülöp Tünde 
Published: December 2022

Understanding generation and mitigation of runaway electrons in disruptions is important for the safe operation of future tokamaks. In this paper we investigate the runaway dynamics in reactor-scale spherical tokamaks, focusing on a compact nominal design with a plasma current of 21 megaamperes (MA), 1.8 T magnetic field on axis and major radius of approximately 3 m. We study both the severity of runaway generation during unmitigated disruptions, and the effect that typical mitigation schemes based on massive material injection have on runaway production. The study is conducted using the numerical framework dream (Disruption Runaway Electron Analysis Model). We find that, in many cases, mitigation strategies are necessary to prevent the runaway current from reaching multi-MA levels. Our results indicate that, with a suitably chosen deuterium–neon mixture for mitigation, it is possible to achieve a tolerable runaway current and ohmic current evolution. However, this does not account for the runaway source due to wall activation, which has been found to severely limit successful mitigation at conventional aspect ratios, but whose definition requires a more complete wall specification. Furthermore, the majority of the thermal energy loss is found to happen through radial transport rather than radiation, which poses a risk of unacceptable localised heat loads.
Differential alterations of amygdala nuclei volumes in acutely ill patients with anorexia nervosa and their associations with leptin levels
Authors: Wronski Marie-Louis , Geisler Daniel , Bernardoni Fabio , Seidel Maria , Bahnsen Klaas , Doose Arne , Steinhäuser Jonas L. , Gronow Franziska , Böldt Luisa V. , Plessow Franziska , Lawson Elizabeth A. , King Joseph A. , Roessner Veit , Ehrlich Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe amygdala is a subcortical limbic structure consisting of histologically and functionally distinct subregions. New automated structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segmentation tools facilitate thein vivostudy of individual amygdala nuclei in clinical populations such as patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) who show symptoms indicative of limbic dysregulation. This study is the first to investigate amygdala nuclei volumes in AN, their relationships with leptin, a key indicator of AN-related neuroendocrine alterations, and further clinical measures.MethodsT1-weighted MRI scans were subsegmented and multi-stage quality controlled using FreeSurfer. Left/right hemispheric amygdala nuclei volumes were cross-sectionally compared between females with AN (n= 168, 12–29 years) and age-matched healthy females (n= 168) applying general linear models. Associations with plasma leptin, body mass index (BMI), illness duration, and psychiatric symptoms were analyzed via robust linear regression.ResultsGlobally, most amygdala nuclei volumes in both hemispheres were reduced in ANv.healthy control participants. Importantly, four specific nuclei (accessory basal, cortical, medial nuclei, corticoamygdaloid transition in the rostral-medial amygdala) showed greater volumetric reduction even relative to reductions of whole amygdala and total subcortical gray matter volumes, whereas basal, lateral, and paralaminar nuclei were less reduced. All rostral-medially clustered nuclei were positively associated with leptin in AN independent of BMI. Amygdala nuclei volumes were not associated with illness duration or psychiatric symptom severity in AN.ConclusionsIn AN, amygdala nuclei are altered to different degrees. Severe volume loss in rostral-medially clustered nuclei, collectively involved in olfactory/food-related reward processing, may represent a structural correlate of AN-related symptoms. Hypoleptinemia might be linked to rostral-medial amygdala alterations.
A cross-sectional study of cognitive performance in bipolar disorder across the lifespan: the cog-BD project
Authors: Jones Brett D. M. , Fernandes Brisa S. , Husain M. Ishrat , Ortiz Abigail , Rajji Tarek K. , Blumberger Daniel M. , Butters Meryl A. , Gildengers Ariel G. , Shablinski Tatiana , Voineskos Aristotle , Mulsant Benoit H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeuroprogressive models of the trajectory of cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have been proposed. However, few studies have explored the relationships among clinical characteristics of BD, cognitive dysfunction, and aging.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis in euthymic participants with the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery, the Trail Making Test B, the Stroop Test, and the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading. Age- and gender-equated control participants without a mental disorder [‘Healthy Controls’ – HC)] were assessed similarly. We compared cognitive performance both globally and in seven domains in four groups: younger BD (age ⩽49 years; n = 70), older BD (age ⩾50 years; n = 48), younger HC (n = 153), and older HC (n = 44). We also compared the BD and HC groups using age as a continuous measure. We controlled for relevant covariates and applied a Bonferroni correction.ResultsOur results support both an early impairment (‘early hit’) model and an accelerated aging model: impairment in attention/vigilance, processing speed, and executive function/working memory were congruent with the accelerated aging hypothesis whereas impairment in verbal memory was congruent with an early impairment model. BD and HC participants exhibited similar age-related decline in reasoning/problem solving and visuospatial memory. There were no age- or diagnosis-related differences in social cognition.ConclusionOur findings support that different cognitive domains are affected differently by BD and aging. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore trajectories of cognitive performance in BD across the lifespan.
Adults with small, unrepaired atrial septal defects have reduced cardiac index during exercise
Authors: Maagaard Marie , Boutrup Nicolai , Udholm Sebastian , Ahlstrup Mathias , Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik , Ringgaard Steffen , Hjortdal Vibeke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectives:Small, unrepaired atrial septal defects are considered a benign lesion with good prognosis. Recently, clinical and register-based studies discovered increased long-term mortality and morbidity. The nature of these findings is not fully understood. Therefore, MRI was performed to evaluate cardiac function at rest and during exercise.Methods:Adults with open or spontaneously closed atrial septal defects and healthy, matched controls underwent MRI for evaluation of cardiac chamber volume. Quantitative flow scans measured blood flow in the ascending aorta and the proximal pulmonary artery at rest and during increasing supine exercise.Results:In total, 15 open defects (39 ± 11 years) and 15 matched controls (38 ± 12 years) were included, along with 20 spontaneously closed (36 ± 13 years) and 20 controls (36 ± 11 years). Cardiac chamber volumes and flow measurements at rest were comparable between groups, as were heart rates and workloads during exercise. At maximal exercise, open defects reached 31% lower cardiac index and had 38% higher retrograde flow in the pulmonary artery than their controls, p < 0.01. Shunt ratio remained unchanged during exercise, 1.2 ± 0.2. Closed defects reached 18% lower cardiac index, p = 0.02, with comparable pulmonary retrograde flow. Maximal cardiac index was inversely correlated with increasing age for patients only.Conclusion:Adults with a small, open or spontaneously closed atrial septal defects exhibit markedly lower exercise capacity compared with healthy peers. Moreover, open defects exhibit higher retrograde flows with increasing exercise. Finally, increasing age is related to poorer results in patients but not healthy controls. Longitudinal studies are necessary in order to determine potential accelerated worsening of physical capacity along with age-related changes in patients.
The role of daily spoken language on the performance of language tests: The Indonesian experience
Authors: Pesau Heni Gerda , Immanuel Aria Saloka , Sulastri Augustina , van Luijtelaar Gilles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe performance of cognitive tests is highly dependent on the proficiency of the language in which the tests are administered. Not all Indonesians speak Indonesian daily and many are bilingual. We investigate whether language(s) spoken affects the performance on three language tests in 840 participants ranging in age (16–80) and education (6–22 years). Analysis of covariance followed by Helmert contrasts showed a disadvantage on the Boston Naming Test (BNT) and on the most difficult items of the Token Test for those who do not speak Bahasa daily. Bilinguals did worse on the BNT. Education had a large positive effect on the language tests, age a smaller negative effect. This suggests that besides age and education, the factor of language spoken, either in public or at home, needs to be taken into account when a participant's test scores on the BNT and TT are interpreted and compared with normative data.
System approaches to childhood obesity prevention: ground up experience of adaptation and real-world context
Authors: Fraser Penny , Whelan Jillian M , Brown Andrew D , Allender Steven E , Bell Colin , Bolton Kristy A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjective:Childhood obesity prevention is critical to reducing the health and economic burden currently experienced by the Australian economy. System science has emerged as an approach to manage the complexity of childhood obesity and the ever-changing risk factors, resources and priorities of government and funders. Anecdotally, our experience suggests that inflexibility of traditional research methods and dense academic terminology created issues with those working in prevention practice. Therefore, this paper provides a refined description of research-specific terminology of scale-up, fidelity, adaptation and context, drawing from community-based system dynamics and our experience in designing, implementing and evaluating non-linear, community-led system approaches to childhood obesity prevention.Design:We acknowledge the importance of using a practice lens, rather than purely a research design lens, and provide a narrative on our experience and perspectives on scale-up, fidelity, context and adaptation through a practice lens.Setting:Communities.Participants:Practice-based researcher experience and perspectives.Results:Practice-based researchers highlighted the key finding that community should be placed at the centre of the intervention logic. This allowed communities to self-organise with regard to stakeholder involvement, capacity, boundary identification, and co-creation of actions implemented to address childhood obesity will ensure scale-up, fidelity, context and adaptation are embedded.Conclusions:We need to measure beyond primary anthropometric outcomes and focus on evaluating more about implementation, process and sustainability. We need to learn more from practitioners on the ground and use an implementation science lens to further understand how actions work. This is where solutions to sustained childhood obesity prevention will be found.