bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and Associated Factors of Dysphagia Diagnosed by Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study in Patients with Fragility Hip Fracture
Authors: Kwak Soyoung , Park Sung-Jin , Park Chan Ho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Dysphagia after hip fracture is a common disease that causes malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, which aggravate treatment outcome of patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess (1) the prevalence of dysphagia in elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery using videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), (2) accuracy of screening test compared to VFSS, and (3) relationship between dysphagia and several factors, including sarcopenia.
Method
A total of 72 patients over the age of 60 who underwent a surgery for fragility hip fracture from February to September 2019 were included in this prospective study. Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) and VFSS were performed in all patients to assess the swallowing function. Sarcopenia, history of various diseases, nutritional status, bone mineral density, and Koval grade, which can measure preoperative gait ability, were assessed to identify factors associated with dysphagia.
Results
VFSS results showed diagnosis of dysphasia in 55 (76.4%) patients, and penetration and airway aspiration were observed in 30 (41.7%) and 8 (11.1%) cases, respectively. The median value of GUSS was 19 points (range, 17–20) and 18 points (range, 14–20) in the dysphagia and non-dysphagia groups, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.189). When dysphagia diagnosed by GUSS was compared to that of VFSS, the sensitivity and specificity of GUSS was 62% and 47%, respectively (positive predictive value 79%, negative predictive value 28%) Logistic regression analysis showed that dementia (OR10.56, CI 1.67 ~ 66.7) was associated with aspiration. SMI, grip strength, and sarcopenia were not associated with dysphagia; however, preoperative Koval grade was a factor that was associated with dysphagia (OR 2.36, CI 1.01–5.55).
Conclusions
GUSS showed mild dysphagia or normal findings in most patients, and the accuracy was not high. Therefore, VFSS is recommended to diagnose dysphagia and prevent complications for fragility hip fracture patients with a decreased gait ability who are likely to develop dysphagia.
Self-injury, suicidal ideation and -attempt and eating disorders in young people following the initial and second COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Danielsen Stine , Joensen Andrea , Andersen Per , Madsen Trine , Strandberg-Larsen Katrine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Experts has raised concerns about young people’s mental health following the lockdowns implemented to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. An aggravation in mental health have been suggested in several studies, but the impact on self-injury, suicidality and eating disorders (EDs) are less elucidated. Using two different data setups i.e. longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional data, we compare self-reported self-injury, suicide ideation and -attempt and symptoms of EDs from before through different pandemic periods until spring 2021. The longitudinal data indicate a slight reduction in the proportion of self-injury and suicide ideation in both women and men, as well as symptoms of EDs in women. For suicide attempt no change was observed. In the repeated cross-sectional data, we observed no changes in self-injury, suicide ideation- and attempts or symptoms of EDs. Thus, our findings provide no support for increase in self-injury, suicidality, and symptoms of EDs following the lockdowns.
Investigation of P1’ and P2’ sites of IQF substrates on their selectivity towards 20S proteasome subunits
Authors: Gladysz Radoslaw , Malek Natalia , Rut Wioletta , Drag Marcin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
High levels of expression and activity of 20S proteasome have been linked to many types of pathologies including neoplasia, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and many more. Moreover, distinguishing between 20S proteasome catalytic subunits is neglected although may give further insight in the development of pathologies. Several approaches have been developed to detect 20S proteasome activity, one which is internally quenched fluorescent (IQF) substrates, which to this day they suffer from low efficiency and sensitivity. Previous reports focused on peptides including natural amino acids, therefore, in this report, we synthesized and analyzed IQF substrates with both natural and unnatural amino acids in P1’ and P2’ positions to investigate their influence on selectivity towards 20S proteasome subunits. We were able to obtain IQF substrates for Ch-L subunit that was characterized with higher selectivity that formerly used tetrapeptides. These findings may further contribute to the development of novel diagnostic tool in 20S proteasome dependent disorders.
Decompressive Cranioplasty using Titanium Mesh in a Patient with Osteopetrosis: A case-based Reviews.
Authors: Demirel Cem , Koksal Vaner 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Osteopetrosis is an inherited disease that causes thickening of the cranial bone. The need for both cerebral decompression and intracranial volume-enlarging cranioplasty in the same surgical session in a patient whose intracranial pressure is elevated cannot be prevented and is a very rare decision in neurosurgery practice. It is seen in the literature that the only indication that can lead to this surgery is osteopetrosis. Case report: A 24-year-old female patient with osteopetrosis admitted with the complaint of severe headache that did not respond to medical treatment, and surgery was decided. After decompressive craniectomy was performed with difficulties, cranioplasty with titanium mesh was performed in the same session to protect the cerebral tissue, to close the defect area, and to give more space to the cerebral tissue. Conclusions: It was observed that the complaints of increased intracranial pressure were completely resolved with unilateral cranial decompression in the early postoperative period and at the end of 2 years. The surgical intervention technique performed on the patient and the radiological findings obtained during the follow-up are presented. We think that performing cranioplasty with titanium mesh, which is used to protect and save the cerebral tissue in patients with osteopetrosis, is the most appropriate choice.
Association of Vitamin-D Receptor (Vdr), Gc-globulin and Cyp2r1 Polymorphism With Progression of Hbv Related Liver Disease Along With an Exclusive Svm Based Disease Prediction Model
Authors: Kalita Manash Jyoti , Adhyapak Sampurna , Kalita Simanta , Rudola Tanya , Hazarika Gautam , Kalita Simanta , Das Partha Pratim , Dutta Kalpajit , Ali Eyashin , Das Eshani , Idris Md Ghaznavi , Talukdar Anjan Jyoti , Dutta Sangitanjan , Medhi Subhash 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Polymorphism in genes associated with Vitamin-D metabolism and its receptor molecule altogether modulates the level of active serum Vitamin-D level and as such serves as potent immune modulator. Impact of this polymorphism on outcome of HBV related liver disease is poorly understood till date. Aim: This study focus on analysing the VDR polymorphism (TaqI, ApaI, and BsmI) and its associated molecules GC-Globulin and CYP2R1 among HBV infected patients and its probable correlation with disease progression. Method: Three hundred forty HBV infected patients belonging to three distinct clinical groups, Acute Viral hepatitis (AVH, n=205), Chronic Hepatitis (CH, n=84) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 51) along with 102 healthy control were included in the study. VDR, GC and CYP2R1 polymorphism were genotyped by PCR-RFLP method followed by Sanger sequencing. Haplotype distribution was analysed using SHEsis software. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the association between different genotype and VDR haplotype with progression of liver disease. Further, an SVM based prediction model has also been described in detection of different disease stage. Results and Conclusion: Apa-I CC genotype was more frequently observed among chronic HBV patients and HCC than the acute cases among North east Indian population (OR = 2.241, C.I = 0.504- 5.558. p= 0.001). The occurrence of bAt haplotype was also found to be significantly higher among Chronic (p=0.004) and HCC (p=0.001<0.05) cases in comparison to acute cases. Further, logistic regression analysis after adjusting covariates like age, gender, serum AST/ALT level, serum albumin and platelet count, showed that Apa-I CC genotype and bAt haplotype were independent predictors for advancement of acute to chronic HBV infection and further. The SVM based prediction model using similar covariates also predicts the different disease stage with 90% accuracy.
Regional differences in dietary pattern in India and its relation to nutrition related outcomes
Authors: Venkatesan Padmanaban , SS Prakash , Ramasamy Jagadish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This work was done to study whether regional differences in dietary patterns in India has a role in nutrition related health outcomes such as anemia, obesity, undernutrition, and high blood glucose.
Methods
It was an ecological study using data on food consumption and nutrition related health outcomes extracted from household consumer expenditure survey (2011), and National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) (2015-16), respectively. Data were extracted at district level from both these surveys and analysed separately for rural and urban regions. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis and their correlation with health outcomes were analysed by spatial regression analysis.
Results
Four major dietary patterns were observed and were similar between rural and urban regions. ‘Milk and wheat rich diet’ was positively associated with prevalence of anemia among men. ‘Rice and meat rich diet’ and ‘Coconut and sea food rich diet’ were positively associated with prevalence of overweight BMI and high blood glucose in women. ‘Coconut and sea food rich diet’ was negatively associated with prevalence of underweight BMI and anemia in women. ‘Refined oil and tur dal rich diet’ was positively associated with overweight BMI and hypertension and negatively associated with underweight BMI and anemia in men and women. These associations were significant after adjusting for differences in socio-economic development.
Conclusions
Four major dietary patterns were associated with several nutrition related health outcomes. The mechanism of these associations must be explored further.
Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Relation to the Difference between Body Image Perception and Actual Weight Status
Authors: Hwang Jong-Moon , Lee Su-Jin , Lim Min-Gyu , Kim Jung hee , Park Chulyong , Ko YoungJi , Kim Aeryoung , Kim Chul-Hyun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study analyzed the difference between actual obesity level and subjectively perceived body-type in adults aged 20 years or older and investigated the difference in the amount of physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for each difference between body mass index (BMI) and subjective body recognition (SBR). This study examined 21,326 adults regarding their BMI, subjectively perceived body-type, physical activity (according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire; IPAQ), and HRQOL (EuroQol-5 Dimension; EQ-5D) from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014–2017). Independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and chi-square test were conducted. High (Mean ± SD = 6.85 ± 25.20, p = .003) and moderate intensity of physical activity (Mean ± SD = 13.41 ± 30.01, p = .001) was higher in those with the same BMI and SBR than those who did not. In addition, those with normal BMI and SBR had the highest high (Mean ± SD = 7.20 ± 26.05, p < .001) and moderate intensity (Mean ± SD = 13.89 ± 30.18, p < .001). They had the highest percentage of responding as normal in the five EQ-5D sub-items. As the difference between the subjectively perceived body-types as well as normal range of BMI decreased, the amount of physical activity performed and positive results of HRQOL were confirmed. Various health promotion programs and policy recommendations to reduce the gap between subjective body perception and actual obesity are required.
Influence mechanism of particle size on macro-meso deformation of particle accumulation under graded loading
Authors: zhiqi Ma , Xiaobin Yang , yanyu Pei , hongming Cheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The sedimentation of particle accumulation caused by the overlying load exerts serious effects. In order to study the particle transport mechanism of sand granular material accumulation during sedimentation, the micro glass beads (MGB) are selected as the experimental research object. Glass bead particles with five size ranges are selected for graded loading test, and their mechanical properties and deformation mechanism under triaxial loading are analyzed by discrete element method (DEM). The experimental results show that with the increase of axial load, the deformation of glass beads gradually increases, the porosity gradually decreases, and the strain difference in the loading stage increases exponentially. Under the same load, the deformation of particle accumulation increases with the enlargement of bead size. The discrete element method results show that with the increase of axial load, the rotation angle and the maximum speed at all levels of beads gradually increase, the rotation angle difference at all loading stages increases, and the rotation angle and speed are also raised with the increase increasing particle size. Combined with the test and discrete element method analysis, it can be obtained that the increase of the accumulation strain difference of beads during loading is mainly due to the improved rotation of particles. With the increase of load, the rotation angle of beads increases and the displacement caused by rotation increases. With the increase of particle size, the porosity between beads increases, the coordination number decreases, the anti-rotation ability between beads decreases, and the rotation of particles is promoted, resulting in greater strain difference of accumulation.
Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in first episode and drug naïve major depressive disorder patients with overweight and obesity
Authors: Yue Yan , Du Xiangdong , Li Zhe , Li Ronghua , Zhang Jun , Ye Gang , Yin Ming , Lyu Xiaoli , Yuan Lian , Wu Siqi , Wang Haitao , Wu Yuxuan , Yang Ruchang , Zhou Yue , Fang Xiaojia , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Depression and obesity are both risk factors for suicide attempts; however, the pattern of suicide attempts in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) who are overweight or obese remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk variables for suicide attempts in first-episode and drug-naïve (FEND) MDD patients with overweight and obesity. This study included a total of 1026 FEDN MDD individuals who were overweight or obese. Their demographic data and metabolic parameters were collected. To examine the patients' symptoms, researchers employed the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The prevalence of suicide attempts in MDD patients with overweight and obesity was 19.59%. Among overweight and obese MDD patients, those with suicide attempts had significantly higher HAMD, HAMA, and PANSS positive symptom scores, as well as blood total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels than those without suicide attempts. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, BMI, HAMA, and TC were significantly associated with suicide attempts in MDD patients who were overweight or obese. Suicide attempters and non-suicide attempters could be distinguished by HAMA and TC by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The prevalence of suicide attempts is high in MDD patients with overweight and obesity. Some clinical parameters and metabolic parameters are correlates of suicide attempts in overweight and obese MDD patients.
Record Linkage based Patient Intersection Cardinality for Rare Disease Studies using Mainzelliste and Secure Multi-Party Computation
Authors: Kussel Tobias , Brenner Torben , Tremper Galina , Schepers Josef , Lablans Martin , Hamacher Kay 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The low number of patients of any rare diseases poses a difficult problem for medical research: apart from some specialized biobanks and disease registries, potential study participants’ information are disjoint and distributed over many medical institutions. Whenever some of those facilities are in close proximity, a significant overlap of patients can reasonably be expected, further complicating statistical study feasibility assessments and data gathering. Due to the sensitive nature of medical records and identifying data, data transfer and joint computations are often legally forbidden or associated with prohibitive amounts of effort. To alleviate this problem and to support rare disease research, we developed the Mainzelliste Secure EpiLinker (MainSEL) record linkage framework, a secure Multi-Party Computation based application using trusted-third-party-less cryptographic protocols to perform privacy-preserving record linkage with high security guarantees. In this work we extend MainSEL to allow the record linkage based calculation of the number of common patients between institutions. This allows privacy-preserving statistical feasibility estimations for further analyses and data consolidation. Additionally, we created easy to deploy software packages using microservice containerization and continuous deployment/continuous integration. We performed tests with medical researchers using MainSEL in real-world medical IT environments, using synthetic patient data. Results: We show that MainSEL achieves practical runtimes, performing 10 000 comparisons in approximately 5 minutes. While already technically feasible in a wide range of network settings and use cases, the “lessons learned” from the real-word testing show the need to explicitly support and document the usage and deployment for both analysis pipeline integration and researcher driven ad-hoc analysis use cases, thus clarifying the wide applicability of our software. MainSEL is freely available under: https://github.com/medicalinformatics/MainSEL Conclusions: MainSEL performes well in real-world settings and is a useful tool for not only rare disease research, but medical research in general. It achieves practical runtimes, improved security guarantees compared to existing solutions, and is feasible to deploy in strict clinical IT environments. Based on the “lessons learned” from the real-word testing we hope to enable a wide range of medical researchers to meet their actual needs and requirements using modern privacy-preserving technologies.
Prediction of Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Shama Anika , Hossain Md. Bipul , Adhikary Apurba , Uddin K. M. Aslam , Hossain Mohammad Amzad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The thyroid gland is the key organs in the human body, secreting two hormones that help to regulate the human body's metabolism. Thyroid disease is a severe medical complaint that could developed by high TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) levels or an infection in the thyroid tissues. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are two important conditions caused by insufficient thyroid hormone production and excessive thyroid hormone production, respectively. Machine learning model can utilize for precise processing of the data that is generated from different the medical sector and could be used for building a model for the prediction of several diseases. In this study, we used a variety of machine learning algorithm to predict hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Moreover, we identified the most significant features, which can be used to detect thyroid diseases more precisely. After completing the preprocessing and feature selection steps, we applied our modified and original data to several classification models to predict thyroidism. Finally, we found Random Forest is giving the maximum score in all sectors like accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score in our dataset and Naive Bayes is performing very poorly. By analyzing the characteristics and behavior of the dataset, we can identify the most important features of the datasets. In terms of accuracy and other performance evaluation criteria, this study could advocate the use of effective classifiers and features backed by machine learning algorithms for the detection and diagnosis of thyroid disease.
Tunable population dynamics in a synthetic filamentous co-culture
Authors: Finger Maurice , Palacio-Barrera Ana M. , Richter Paul , Schlembach Ivan , Büchs Jochen , Rosenbaum Miriam A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Microbial co-cultures are of great interest in biotechnology in quest to mimic competition and interaction within the natural environment. Thereby, the production of novel natural products can be stimulated. Especially filamentous organisms offer a huge metabolic diversity. However, most studies in this direction empirically combine different organisms without a deep understanding of the underlying interactions and population dynamics.
Results
Here, we apply high-throughput online monitoring of the respiration rate and fluorescence of tagged strains to provide detailed insight into co-culture interactions. A model synthetic filamentous co-culture of the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and the non-cellulolytic bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was developed. The aforementioned co-culture was set-up to use α-cellulose as carbon source. This established a dependency of S. coelicolor on T. reesei, which secretes cellulases that in turn provide cellulose hydrolysate sugars to S. coelicolor. For this process, the respiration rate allowed to assess the degree of cellulose consumption and thereby, clearly differentiate between conditions of successful and non-successful cellulase formation. Furthermore, T. reesei and S. coelicolor were tagged with mCherry and mNeonGreen fluorescence proteins, respectively. Hence, the individual contributions of the strains in this co-culture system could be dissected, which provided detailed information on the population dynamics. As tunable biotic parameter, the inoculation ratio was tested. Both partners were observed to outcompete the other when given a too high inoculation advantage. However, adequate inoculation ratios for a co-culture with successful cellulase production and simultaneous growth of both partners were found. In these co-cultivations, production of pigments could be triggered, which was not observed in respective axenic control cultures. Finally, population dynamics were also tuned in co-cultures by modulation of abiotic factors, osmolality and shaking frequency. Increased osmolality provided a growth advantage to S. coelicolor and delay of T. reesei growth and cellulase production. In contrast, an increase of shaking frequency had a drastic negative effect on S. coelicolor biomass formation.
Conclusion
This work presents how information gaps for complex co-cultures can be comprehensively resolved by detailed online insight. The information gathered with respiration rate and fluorescence monitoring allows for set-up of tailor-made co-culture bioprocesses.