bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of compressive therapy on sensorimotor function of the more affected upper extremity in chronic stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Alwhaibi Reem M , Mahmoud Noha F , Zakaria Hoda M , Ragab Walaa M , Al Awaji Nisreen N , Elserougy Hager R 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Common upper extremity (UE) physical impairments after stroke include paresis, abnormal muscle tone, and somatosensory affection. This study evaluated the effect of passive somatosensory stimulation using compressive therapy on sensorimotor function of the more affected UE in chronic stroke patients.

Methods:
Forty chronic stroke patients were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into 2 groups: Gr1 and Gr2. Three patients dropped out leaving us with a total of 37 patients completing the study. Gr1 received UE motor program for the more affected UE along with sham electrical stimulation while Gr2 had the same UE motor program along with passive somatosensory stimulation. The session duration in both groups was 85 min. Gr1 and Gr2 received a total of 36 sessions for 6 successive weeks. UE function in Gr1 and Gr2 was examined, before and after treatment using Box and Block test (BBT) and Perdue Pegboard test (PPBT) as measures of motor of both the more affected and less affected UE while the Nottingham sensory assessment (NSA) scale was used as a measure of sensory function of the more affected UE.

Results:
There were significant improvements in motor and sensory function of the more affected UE compared to the less affected UE in both groups, measured by the BBT, PPBT, and NSA scales post-treatment (P < .05). However, the comparison between both groups regarding improvement revealed no significant change (P > .05).

Conclusion:
Upper extremity motor and passive somatosensory stimulation techniques are effective in improving sensorimotor function of the more affected UE, but none of them had the advantage over the other, in terms of improving motor and sensory function in chronic stroke patients.
Efficacy and safety of different doses of baricitinib for rheumatoid arthritis: A Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Haikun Wang , Na Wu , Dan Su 
Published: September 2022

Background:
To evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of baricitinib with different dosages in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved by computer to gather randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of baricitinib for RA from their beginning to September 2021. After 2 researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data, the risk of bias of included RCTs was assessed, and Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed by GeMTC0.14.3 and Stata15.1 software.

Results:
Ten publications reporting 9 RCTs were included, with 4129 patients randomized to receive 1 of the 7 interventions. Seven interventions were baricitinib 1 mg + conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARD), baricitinib 2 mg + cDMARD, baricitinib 4 mg + cDMARD, baricitinib 8 mg + cDMARD, baricitinib 4 mg, placebo + cDMARD, and cDMARD. In the efficacy outcomes at 12 weeks, nearly all doses of baricitinib with or without cDMARD were superior to placebo plus cDMARD and baricitinib 8 mg combined with cDMARD might have the best curative effect in most outcomes. In the efficacy outcomes at 24 weeks, all doses of baricitinib with or without cDMARD were superior to placebo plus cDMARD and baricitinib 4 mg monotherapy might have the best curative effect in most outcomes. The intervention with the highest incidence of adverse events (AEs) might be baricitinib 8 mg combined with cDMARD, and the intervention with the highest incidence of infections might be baricitinib 4 mg combined with cDMARD.

Conclusions:
Baricitinib 8 mg combined with cDMARDs was suitable for short-term control of RA symptoms, and baricitinib 4 mg was more effective for treating RA over a longer period of time. But attention should be paid for the risk of baricitinib at 4 to 8 mg in clinical application due to the high incidence of AEs and infections.
Efficacy of long-term extended nursing services combined with atezolizumab in patients with bladder cancer after endoscopic bladder resection
Authors: Song Yao , Ren Pengjuan , Wu Yang , Zhang Baodi , Wang Junrong , Li Yue 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Nursing has been reported to effectively ameliorate physical movement, significantly decrease postoperative complications, and markedly improve the quality of life in patients with bladder cancer after endoscopic bladder resection. Atezolizumab (ATZ) has been approved as effective therapy for patients with bladder cancer. This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of long-term extended nursing services combined with ATZ in patients with bladder cancer after endoscopic bladder resection.

Methods:
A total of one 126 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer underwent endoscopic bladder resection were recruited in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into the long-term conventional nursing plus atezolizumab (LTCN-ATZ) (n = 60) and long-term extended nursing services plus atezolizumab (LTENS-ATZ) groups (n = 66). The renal function, physical movement, postoperative complications, the quality of life, survival, and recurrence were examined in patients in LTCN-ATZ and LTENS-ATZ groups during 36-month follow up.

Results:
Data in the current study demonstrated that the renal function, quality of life, satisfaction anxiety and depression for LTENS-ATZ group was significantly improved compared with that of LTCN-ATZ group. The occurrence rate was significantly lower, and the length of hospital stay was shorter for LTENS-ATZ than that of LTCN-ATZ group. Outcomes demonstrated that LTENS-ATZ increased survival and decreased the occurrence compared to those patients in LTENS-ATZ group.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, outcomes in this study indicate that LTENS-ATZ improves renal function, and quality of life and prognosis in patients with bladder cancer after endoscopic bladder resection.
Hemorrhagic ascites as a complication of heart failure: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Abbarh Shahem , Farwati Amr , Neffati Nedia , Habib Mhd Baraa 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Although ascites is a common complication of congestive heart failure, the association between heart failure and hemorrhagic ascites is quite rare.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old woman with recurrent large bloody ascites secondary to heart failure.

Diagnosis:
Ascitic fluid assessment revealed red blood cells of 75,125/mm3 and white blood cells of 225/mm3. The total protein in the ascitic fluid was 28.7 g/L, with a high serum ascites albumin gradient. Peritoneal fluid examinations for bacterial culture, acid-fast bacilli (smear and culture), and malignant cell cytology were negative.

Interventions:
The patient was managed with therapeutic paracentesis, aggressive diuresis, and optimization of her heart failure medications.

Outcomes:
The patient’s symptoms improved dramatically and was discharged in a stable condition.

Conclusion:
Congestive heart failure should be considered as a potential cause of hemorrhagic ascites after ruling out other serious causes.
Metastasis of the Mucionous adenocarcinoma of breast to the mandibular gingiva: Rare case report
Authors: Mijatov Ivana , Fejsa Levakov Aleksandra , Spasić Aleksandar , Nikolić Jelena , Mijatov Saša 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) is a rare type of cancer in which more than 50% of the tumor is composed of extracellular mucin and malignant epithelial cells. MACs account for only 1.8% of all breast cancer cases. Most breast cancers present as localized diseases and are well-differentiated. Breast MAC has a better 5- and 10-year survival rate than ductal and lobular carcinomas. Distant metastasis in breast MAC is rare, especially in the oral cavity. Only 1% of all oral malignancies present with metastases to the oral cavity. The bony structures are more involved than the soft tissues. Involvement of the oral soft tissue is rare, accounting for less than 0.1% of oral metastases.

Case description:
This report describes a rare case of mucinous breast adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the mandibular molar region. Diagnosis was established based on anamnesis, clinical presentation, tumor biopsy, computed tomography, mammography, and core biopsy of the breast tumor. The patient was sent to the oncology committee for breast disease where chemotherapy was indicated.

Discussion:
The clinical presentation of oral metastasis is not pathognomonic, and pyogenic granuloma, periodontal abscesses, sarcomas, and squamous carcinoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis. This is a rare case of oral metastasis of breast MAC, which was indicated for detection of the primary tumor.
Lactate dehydrogenase/albumin ratio as a prognostic factor in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome cases associated with COVID-19
Authors: Sipahioglu Hilal , Onuk Sevda 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have high mortality rates; therefore, new biomarkers are necessary to predict the prognosis in the early stages. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level is a specific marker of lung damage, but it is not sensitive because it is affected by several factors. This study aimed to determine whether the LDH/albumin ratio could be used as a prognostic biomarker in patients with severe ARDS due to COVID 19.

Methods:
Tertiary intensive care unit (ICU) patients with severe ARDS and confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis between August 1, 2020, and October 31, 2021, were included. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded from the hospital databases, together with laboratory results on the day of admission to the ICU and the length of stay in the ICU and hospital. LDH/albumin, lactate/albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin, and BUN/albumin ratios were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors affecting mortality.

Results:
Nine hundred and five patients hospitalized in a tertiary ICU were evaluated. Three hundred fifty-one patients with severe ARDS were included in this study. The mortality rate of the included patients was 61.8% (of 217/351). LDH/albumin, lactate/albumin, and BUN/albumin ratios were higher in the nonsurvivor group (P < .001). The area under the curve (AUC) from the receiver operating characteristic analysis that predicted in-hospital mortality was 0.627 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.574–0.678, P < .001) for the LDH/albumin ratio, 0.605 (95% CI: 0.551–0.656, P < .001) for lactate/albumin, and 0.638 (95% CI: 0.585–0.688, P < .001) for BUN/albumin. However, LDH/albumin ratio was independently associated with mortality in multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion:
LDH/albumin ratio can be used as an independent prognostic factor for mortality in patients with severe ARDS caused by COVID-19.
Evaluation efficacy and safety of epidural analgesia in second-trimester induced labor: A single-center, prospective, non-randomized, controlled study
Authors: Zeng Yong , Jiang Tao , Zheng Ya-Hong , He Wen-Rong , Wang Xiao-Wen , Wei Hua , Wang Li , Liu Zu-Rong , Zhang Xu-Feng , Yi Cunjian , Chen Ke-Ming 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Second-trimester induced labor in pregnant women was often more likely to suffer from psychological and physiological double pain. However, the analgesic management received less attention, and the optimal analgesic mode for second-trimester induced labor had not been determined. Our objective was to evaluate the feasible of epidural analgesia (EA) in second-trimester induced labor.

Methods:
From January 2020 to December 2021, Primipara who planned to undergo second-trimester induced labor in the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University were collected. The method of labor induction was oral mifepristone + amniotic cavity injection of Ethacridine Lactate. Based on whether or not patients received epidural analgesia, which were divided into EA group (30 cases) and non-EA (NEA) group (30 cases). The primary outcome were visual analog scale (VAS) score of pain and result of follow-up, the secondary outcomes included relative clinical parameter and labor duration.

Results:
Vaginal induction of labor was successful in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in VAS of pain between the two groups before analgesia (P > .05), but the VAS of pain in the EA group was significantly lower than the NEA group (P < .05) after analgesia or at delivery. The following outcomes showed no statistical difference between two groups: labor duration, postpartum hemorrhage, hemorrhage ≥ 500 mL, intrapartum injury, second days hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, antibiotic therapy days, hospitalizations days, and placenta residue (P > .05). The median hospitalization costs of EA group was 4697.5 yuan, and NEA group was 3673 yuan, the difference was statistically significant (P < .001). No adverse events related to EA occurred during hospitalization, only 3 patients showed mild lumbago and back pain after follow-up to three months postpartum, which was significantly relieved after proper rest.

Conclusion:
EA can significantly reduce the pain of parturients, which may be effective and safe in the second-trimester induced labor.
Effect of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods on functional dyspepsia caused by sequelae of COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Tianzhong , Huang Xuedi , Zhu Manhua , Hou Xinju , Xiong Yue , Fang Xinyue , Lin Zitong , Liu Lu , Lan Wanning , Lin Xingzhen 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a group of diseases that cannot be explained after routine clinical examination, and is characterized by postprandial fullness, early satiety, and upper abdominal pain or burning. According to the statistics, FD continues to become one of the high-risk sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting patients’ quality of life, increasing psychological burden and increasing economic costs. However, its optimal treatment is still an urgent problem. A large number of studies have shown that acupuncture and moxibustion is effective and safe in the treatment of FD caused by sequelae of COVID-19, which is of research value. Therefore, based on the current literatures, the effectiveness and safety of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods were systematically evaluated to provide possible alternative therapy on FD.

Methods:
Studies search for eligible randomized controlled trials that use different acupuncture and moxibustion methods as the sole treatment on FD and their data extraction will be done by 2 researchers. In case of disagreement, a third researcher will be introduced for arbitration. Mean difference or relative risk with fixed or random effect model in terms of 95% confidence interval will be adopted for the data synthesis. To evaluate the risk of bias, the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be utilized. The sensitivity or subgroup analysis will also be conducted when meeting high heterogeneity (I
2 > 50%).

Results:
This meta-analysis will provide an authentic synthesis of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods on FD caused by sequelae of COVID-19.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis will evaluate the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on FD caused by sequelae of COVID-19, providing evidence as to the treatment in these patients.
Multi-center study of residual gastric volume and bowel preparation after the usage of 1L and 2L polyethylene glycol in Korea
Authors: Park Yong Eun , Jeong Su Jin , Lee Jin , Park Jongha , Yu Seung Jung , Jee Sam Ryong , Kim Tae Oh 
Published: September 2022

Background:
In colonoscopy, good bowel preparation is an important factor in determining the quality of colonoscopy. However, an increase in residual gastric volume (RGV) can lead to a higher risk of aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to an increase in RGV with the usage of 1L polyethylene glycol (PEG).

Methods:
We prospectively analyzed 268 patients who underwent both gastroscopy and colonoscopy at 2 hospitals from May to October 2021. Bowel preparation was performed using 1L in 127 patients (47.4%) and 2L PEG in 141 patients (52.6%). We investigated the time taken for bowel preparation solutions, the last water intake, total water intake, and RGV, and conducted a survey on taking compliance and satisfaction.

Results:
The level of RGV was significantly increased in the 1L PEG group when compared to the 2L PEG group (1L, 52.26 ± 65.33 vs 2L, 23.55 ± 22.99; P < .001). There was no difference between the 2 groups in the degree of bowel preparation, but there were more bubbles formed in the 1L group (1L, 1.91 ± 2.74 vs 2L, 1.10 ± 2.02; P = .007). In the case of RGV ≥ 50 mL, in multivariate analysis, the risk was higher in water intake within 5 hours and the patients who think the dose is too high (all P < .05).

Conclusion:
Therefore, since RGV is higher in 1L PEG than in 2L PEG, it is necessary to be careful not to take water for at least 5 hours before the test.
Effects of preoperative personal education on shoulder function and lymphedema in patients with breast cancer: A consort
Authors: Byun Hayoung , Jang Yunjeong , Kim Ju-Yeon , Kim Jae-Myung , Lee Chang Han 
Published: September 2022

Background:
To compare the incidence and severity of ipsilateral shoulder dysfunction and lymphedema of 2 groups of patients needing to undergo unilateral breast cancer surgery, one of which had only received printed education materials and the other group which had received educational materials plus preoperative education.

Methods:
We selected 61 patients who had been diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer and planned to undergo surgery. Before surgery, patients were randomly assigned, either to a control group that only received printed education materials about exercise for shoulder pain relief and lymphatic edema prevention following breast cancer surgery, or to an experimental group that received the printed education material with personal education. Participants were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. To evaluate the impairment of shoulder function, we measured the passive shoulder range of motion (ROM), the degree of pain as visual analog scale (VAS), the short version of the disability of arm, shoulder, and hand (short DASH) scores, and the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). We checked arm circumferences to evaluate lymphedema.

Results:
There was no significant difference in demographic or clinical variables between the control and experimental groups. The experimental group showed significantly less limitation in abduction (P = .042) and forward flexion (P = .039) in the 6 months following surgery. Change in the VAS, short DASH, and SPADI scores were 1.633 (P < .001), 2.167 (P < .001), and 4.1 (P = .003) at 1 month following surgery, respectively. These then decreased with time. These changes started before shoulder ROM and arm circumference changes had occurred, which had started 3 months following surgery.

Conclusions:
Preoperative education might be helpful for the prevention of a shoulder ROM limitation, and we need to focus on pain and disability in patients immediately following breast cancer surgery, and then on ROM and lymphedema.
A nomogram for predicting overall survival rate in patients with brain metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Peng Shanshan , Xiao Yu , Li Xinjun , Wu Zhanling 
Published: September 2022

The purpose was to develop a nomogram for the prediction of the 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates in patients with brain metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (BMNSCLC).
Patients were collected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program (SEER) and classified into the training and validation groups. Several independent prognostic factors identified by statistical methods were incorporated to establish a predictive nomogram. The concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), and calibration curve were applied to estimate predictive ability of the nomogram. To compare the clinical practicability of the nomogram and TNM staging system by decision curve analysis (DCA).
A total of 24,164 eligible patients were collected and assigned into the training (n = 16,916) and validation groups (n = 7248). Based on the prognostic factors, we developed a nomogram with good discriminative ability. The C-indices for training and validation group were 0.727 and 0.728. The AUCs of 1- and 2-year OS rates were both 0.8, and the calibration curves also demonstrated good performance of the nomogram. DCA illustrated that the nomogram provided clinical net benefit compared with the TNM staging system.
We developed a predictive nomogram for more accurate and comprehensive prediction of OS in BMNSCLC patients, which can be a useful and convenient tool for clinicians to make proper clinical decisions, and adjust follow-up management strategies.
High expression of AFAP1-AS1 is associated with poor prognosis of digestive system cancers: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Xiaona , Duan Fujiao , Xu Liran , Ng Shiutin , Li Yongwei , Li Yanan , Wang Xiaoge , Long Tianjian , Ding Nana , Xu Erping 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) is associated with prognosis in many cancers. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the potential correlation between AFAP1-AS1 and the prognosis of digestive system cancers (DSC).

Methods:
EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang Data (Chinese), and CNKI (Chinese) were comprehensively searched for literature published from the establishment of the database to September 2021.All case-control studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved; additionally manual retrieval and literature tracing was performed. After extracting the relevant data, Revman 5.3.5 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Eighteen studies were included in analyses, high expression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in DSC, including overall survival (HR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.72–2.17, P < .001) and disease-free survival/progression-free survival (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.56–2.26, P < .001). In addition, the expression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis.

Conclusion:
High expression of AFAP1-AS1 was associated with poor prognosis in DSC. Therefore, it could be used as a potential marker for evaluating prognosis in DSC
Meta-analysis of the efficacy of probiotics to treat diarrhea
Authors: Wang Fujie , Zhao Ting , Wang Weiwei , Dai Qianqian , Ma Xianghua 
Published: September 2022

Background:
To collect the published trials of probiotics in the treatment of diarrhea and to strictly evaluate and systematically analyze the efficacy of probiotics use for the prevention and treatment of patients with diarrhea.

Methods:
We searched domestic and foreign literature published between January 2016 and July 2022 to find randomized control trials that used probiotics to treat diarrhea. Only studies published in English were considered. The quality of the included literatures was assessed by using the methods provided in the Cochrane Handbook. Valid data were extracted and analyzed by meta- analysis using the Software RevMan5.2.

Results:
Total 16 trials and 1585 patients were included. The results of the meta- analysis showed that in comparison with the simple Western medicine treatment group or placebo, the added use of probiotics could improve stool frequency, stool morphology, and related irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.

Conclusion:
The added use of probiotics can further improve clinical outcomes in the patients with diarrhea; however, the implementation of larger and higher quality clinical trials is necessary to verify this conclusion.