bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of mindfulness therapy in acromegaly, a pilot study
Authors: Santos Alicia , Nalin Chiara , Bortolotti GianMario , Dominguez‐Clave Elisabet , Daniela Gianola , Cortesi Liana , Pagani Marina , Momblan Maria A. M. , Gich Ignasi , Webb Susan M. , Trevisan Roberto , Resmini Eugenia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with acromegaly have often several comorbidities, including decreased quality of life, mood alterations and chronic pain. Mindfulness is effective at improving mood, quality of life and pain management; however, there is no data available on its effect in patients with acromegaly.ObjectiveWe aimed at evaluating changes in quality of life, mood, pain, sleep, self‐compassion, life satisfaction, blood pressure and heart rate after a mindfulness program.Design and PatientsThis was a randomized, multicentre, international clinical trial (Barcelona‐BCN and Bergamo‐BG) of 60 patients, 30 per centre.MeasurementsThe intervention group participated in an 8‐week face‐to‐face group program; the control group followed normal clinical routine. In BG, patients performed a classic Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction program; in BCN they performed an adapted program including elements of mindfulness and compassion with a greater focus on daily life.ResultsIn the BCN intervention group there was an increase in night‐time hours in bed (p = 0.05) after the program. In both centres there was a trend to a reduction of the time to start sleeping (p = 0.06 BCN, p = 0.07 BG). In BCN, the intervention group reduced the pain score compared to the control group (p = .02), and an improvement in self‐compassion was found (p = .04). In both centres, heart rate decreased significantly in the intervention group during a single 2‐hour session. This was evidenced at the first and the last program session (BCN p = .013 and p = .009; BG < 0.001 and p = .04). A training effect was found in BG, where heart rate fell more in the last session than in the first (p = 002).ConclusionsWe have demonstrated for the first time the value of a mindfulness program in patients with acromegaly, analysing possible effects and advantages, and clarifying the usefulness of a specific protocol for the disease.
The inclusion of nuclear area improves the Paris system for reporting urinary cytology
Authors: Tanaka Shinichi , Naritomi Mari , Monobe Yasumasa , Ariyasu Sanae 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) is a well‐known urinary diagnostic model; however, occasional false‐positives are a problem. To address this issue, we developed an improved algorithm (IA), based on additional cytological features, for TPS diagnosis.MethodsCytological features were evaluated in 29 hard‐to‐classify cases, including 22 malignant cases and seven benign cases, using image analysis. The optimal IA was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve as an index. Re‐evaluation was performed by applying measured values to the TPS and IA algorithms.ResultsUsing TPS, 12 of the 22 malignant cases were reassigned to a more appropriate category, and the remaining 10 malignant cases remained hard‐to‐classify. Two of the seven benign cases were classified as suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma, and the remaining five benign cases remained in the original category. The IA, which included nuclear area as a parameter, showed the same diagnostic sensitivity as TPS, and three of the seven benign cases were reassessed as negative. Thus, the positive and negative predictive values of the IA were higher than those of TPS (84.6% and 100% vs 75.9% and 0%).ConclusionsThe newly developed IA is a practical algorithm with which to address the limitations of TPS and thus may contribute to improved diagnostic accuracy.
Clinical experience improves academic outcomes in dental Oral surgery education
Authors: Thorpe Andrew Raymond Darren Scott , Hsu Joyce , Cox Stephen Clive 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis paper aimed to determine if the level of a dental student's clinical experience in oral surgery influences the student's oral surgery academic outcomes.Materials and MethodsThe oral surgery clinical activity and academic outcomes for all students who completed their dental training in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 from the University of Sydney were analysed for correlation.ResultsThe clinical activity performed by 313 students was recorded. There was a weak, but statistically significant, Pearson correlation between total dental extractions and academic outcomes (r = .243, p = <.001). The total number of dental extractions performed was the only statistically significant variable on academic outcomes with linear regression analysis (β = .227, p = .005; model R2 = .077). The increase of a student's clinical experience from less than 45 to more than 65 dental extractions raised their oral surgery academic results by an average of 6.4%. There were no academic benefits to earlier clinical experience.ConclusionAn increase in experience with dental extractions resulted in an increase in oral surgery academic outcomes, plateauing at 65 dental extractions. There was no academic advantage to dental student's having earlier clinical experience.
Chronobiology of Parkinson's disease: Past, present and future
Authors: Asadpoordezaki Ziba , Coogan Andrew N. , Henley Beverley M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder predominately affecting midbrain dopaminergic neurons that results in a broad range of motor and non‐motor symptoms. Sleep complaints are among the most common non‐motor symptoms, even in the prodromal period. Sleep alterations in Parkinson's disease patients may be associated with dysregulation of circadian rhythms, intrinsic 24‐h cycles that control essential physiological functions, or with side effects from levodopa medication and physical and mental health challenges. The impact of circadian dysregulation on sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease is not fully understood; as such, we review the systems, cellular and molecular mechanisms that may underlie circadian perturbations in Parkinson's disease. We also discuss the potential benefits of chronobiology‐based personalized medicine in the management of Parkinson's disease both in terms of behavioural and pharmacological interventions. We propose that a fuller understanding of circadian clock function may shed important new light on the aetiology and symptomatology of the disease and may allow for improvements in the quality of life for the millions of people with Parkinson's disease.
Contrasting short‐ and long‐term outcomes of pairwise interactions between caddisflies at a hydrologically heterogeneous range margin
Authors: Shepard Isaac D. , Wissinger Scott A. , Greig Hamish S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClimate change is leading many species to shift their geographical ranges. Species undergoing these range shifts often are moving into areas with heterogeneous abiotic conditions. Additionally, these range‐shifting species will encounter resident species with whom they will compete for space and/or resources. However, the ways that these abiotic and biotic factors interact to influence the establishment and persistence of range‐shifting species has received little attention.Here, we conduct anin situcage experiment examining how a local wetland hydroperiod gradient (i.e., temporary and semi‐permanent ponds) and competition with a resident caddisfly species,Asynarchus nigriculus, influences the survival of the range‐shifting speciesLimnephilus picturatus. We then use long‐term survey data of population densities of these two species to determine whether pairwise interactions observed in the cage experiment translated into long‐term dynamics.The cage experiment revealed thatA. nigriculushad a strong, negative effect on the survival of the range‐shifting speciesL. picturatus, regardless of hydroperiod. However, we observed no relationship between the densities or occurrence ofL. picturatusandA. nigriculusin long‐term data for either temporary or semi‐permanent ponds.Our results suggest that landscape‐level abiotic heterogeneity at range margins may not always be important for mediating antagonistic interactions between resident and range‐shifting species. However, although an interaction appears ecologically significant in short‐term field studies, broader context is needed to understand whether those types of interactions mediate species' distributions and abundance through time.At face‐value, our results from the field experiment and long‐term data analysis did not align. This suggests that other factors such as additional competitive or trophic interactions may be more important drivers behind the population dynamics of this range‐shifting species at its new upper‐elevational limit.
A system‐wide assessment of forest biomass production, markets, and carbon
Authors: Favero Alice , Daigneault Adam , Sohngen Brent , Baker Justin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examines the effects of supplying forest biomass on forest ecosystem services and goods with a dynamic systems model. This unique analysis models dynamic trade and investments in forestry, thereby capturing price changes from increased forest biomass demand on current and future flows of forest ecosystem services and natural capital stocks. Forests across the globe are interconnected through timber and forest biomass markets, which influence forest management decisions, land rents, and policy responses. Results indicate that expanding forest biomass consumption, even at relatively low levels, will have important impacts on ecosystem services, particularly the benefits of terrestrial carbon sequestration and timber outputs. Increased forest biomass production can be achieved with smaller impacts on ecosystem services through policies targeting natural forest preservation. However, policies that encourage residual biomass use for energy or discourage forest plantation expansion could potentially compromise carbon benefits.
Frailty as a determinant of dental attendance among community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Janssens Barbara , Tsakos Georgios , De Visschere Luc , Verté Dominique , De Witte Nico 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the association between different levels of frailty and dental attendance among home‐dwelling older adults, in Belgium.BackgroundWhile many determinants of dental attendance among older adults have been identified, no study has focused on the role of frailty.Materials and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study on a random sample of home‐dwelling adults aged 60 and over from two Belgian cities. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire through a participatory peer‐research method. Time since the last dental attendance was the dependent variable. The independent variable was frailty, assessed with the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument, including physical, psychological, social, and environmental subdomains. Covariates were age, gender, having a partner, educational level, and household income, as well as self‐perceived oral health. Data analysis included descriptive, bivariate (Chi‐Square, ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis), and binomial logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe sample consisted of 1329 older adults with a mean age of 72.5 years (SD 8.9, range 60–103). In the low frailty group, 73% attended the dentist in the previous 12 months, while it was 62% and 54% in the medium and high frailty groups, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, the initial gradient in the relationship between overall frailty and dental attendance remained; those in the medium and the high frailty groups were respectively 1.46 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.95) and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.15, 2.43) times more likely to report no dental attendance in the previous year than the low frailty group. Similar associations could be seen in the physical and environmental frailty subdomains.ConclusionFrailty is consistently associated with less favourable dental attendance, independent from age, gender, socioeconomic factors, family composition, and self‐perceived oral health. Once frailty has been detected, good interprofessional communication and care are needed to avoid the drop‐out of older adults from the oral healthcare system.
Identification of the novel HLA‐DPA1*01:03:43 allele resulting from an intralocus recombination involving the DPA1*04:01:01:03 and DPA1*01:03:01:27 alleles sequenced by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
Authors: Hannah Turnbull , Gemma Brewin , Sarah Peacock 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHLA‐DPA1 intralocus recombination between DPA1*04:01:01:03 and DPA1*01:03:01:27, or closely related other alleles, results in a novel allele HLA‐DPA1*01:03:43.
Correlates of dental visits in children with hearing loss: An application of the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Utami Marina , Setiawati Febriana , Ahmad Mas Suryalis , Adiatman Melissa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaintenance of oral health of children with special needs requires the involvement of caregivers who are also responsible for ensuring adherence to professional recommendations, including dental visits.AimThis study aimed at exploring the correlates of dental visits of children with hearing loss (CWHL) in Indonesia using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB).DesignThis cross‐sectional study involved purposive sampling methods, conducted via an online survey administered to mothers of CWHL who were aged 5–12 years. Constructs of the TPB model were collected, including the mother's attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control (PBC) and intention towards dental visits for CWHL. Dental visits were measured by asking whether their children had a dental visit within the last 12 months. Data were analysed using SPSS for descriptive and bivariate analyses. The significance level was set as p < .05. Partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM) was used to analyse measurement and structural TPB models.ResultsA total of 254 mothers participated in this study. The final TPB model explained 35.4% and 9.2% of the variance in mothers' intention and behaviour towards their children's dental visits, respectively. Of all the included constructs from the TPB model, only PBC was significantly associated with intention and behaviour (p < .05). The mother's attitude and subjective norms did not significantly predict intention (p > .05). Intention did not significantly predict the mother's behaviour towards children's dental visits (p > .05).ConclusionThe TPB model revealed a construct associated with dental visit intention and behaviour in CWHL. This study suggested that effective promotion intervention should focus on the mother's PBC to increase parents' adherence to preventive dental visits in CWHL in Indonesia.
Self‐efficacy, sympathy, and attributions: Understanding helping intentions towards disclosers of mental health concerns on social media
Authors: White Jessica , Ahern Elayne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMental health disclosures increasingly occur on online platforms. In a moderated‐mediation analysis, we assessed an adapted Corrigan's attribution model (2003) including factors such as the sincerity of online disclosure and support self‐efficacy to predict helping intentions on social media. Participants (N = 177) were randomly allocated to one of three conditions and presented with a social media vignette experimentally manipulating controllability attributions (low, high, neutral controllability). Participants completed controllability, sincerity, sympathy, self‐efficacy, and helping intentions questionnaires. While preliminary exploratory analyses revealed that the proposed model significantly explained helping intentions, the proposed mechanisms of serial‐mediation via sincerity of disclosure and sympathy was not supported, nor was this dependent on self‐efficacy. Nonetheless, sympathy and self‐efficacy uniquely and significantly explained helping intentions. Thus, an intervention that upskills individuals in online support provision offers promise in terms of accessible, online, community‐based treatment initiatives.
Clustering sequential navigation patterns inmultiple‐sourcereading tasks with dynamic time warping method
Authors: He Qiwei , Borgonovi Francesca , Suárez‐Álvarez Javier 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundData‐driven investigations of how students transit pages in digital reading tasks and how much time they spend on each transition allow mapping sequences of navigation behaviours into students' navigation reading strategies.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to identify students' navigation patterns in multiple‐source reading tasks using a sequence clustering approach; (2) to examine how students' navigation patterns are associated with their reading performance and socio‐demographic characteristics; (3) to showcase how the navigation sequences could be clustered on the similarity measure by dynamic time warping (DTW) methods.MethodsThis study draws on process data from a sample of 16,957 students from 69 countries participating in the PISA 2018 study to identify how students navigate through a multiple‐source reading item. Students' navigation sequences were characterized by two indicators: the page sequence that tracks the page transition path and the time sequence that records the time duration on each visited page. K‐medoid partitioning clustering analyses were conducted on pairwise distance similarity measures computed by the DTW method.Results and conclusionsStudents' navigation patterns were found moderately associated with their reading proficiency levels. Students who visited all the pages and spent more time reading without rush transitions obtained the highest reading scores. Girls were more likely to achieve higher scores than boys when longer navigation sequences were used with shorter reading time on transited pages. Students who navigated only limited pages and spent shorter reading time were averagely at the lowest rank of socio‐economic status.ImplicationsThis study provides evidence for the exploration of students' navigation patterns and the examination of associations between navigation patterns and reading scores with the use of process data.
Effect of moisture content on physical and flow properties of milk‐millet powders
Authors: Geethambika Seethu Bhasi , Harthikote Veerendrasimha Vikram Simha , Prakash Arun Kumar , Pasagadi Aditya Sukumar , Franklin Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald , Ambrose Rose Prabin Kingsly , Pushpadass Heartwin A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe physical and flow properties of milk blended barnyard and foxtail millet powders were evaluated at different moisture contents. Particle‐size distribution and span decreased considerably as moisture increased. The d0.5 increased from 24.769 to 38.642 μm in milk‐barnyard millet powder and from 27.942 to 41.063 μm in milk‐foxtail millet powder as moisture increased from 3 to 9%. The dynamic flow and shear tests revealed the hygroscopic nature of both millet powders, wherein moisture and particle size were found to influence flowability. The basic flow energy and shear tests proved that both millet powders would flow easily at 9% moisture content than at 3% due to agglomeration and reduction in contact surface area of the particles and the magnitude of their interactions. Compressibility and wall friction tests also corroborated the fact that milk‐millet powders were relatively more cohesive at 3% moisture, manifesting difficulties in flow. Between milk‐foxtail millet and milk‐barnyard millet powders, the former had better flowability due to its larger particle size and narrower span than the latter.Practical ApplicationsPowders are dynamic systems whose behavior changes drastically with minor changes in the environment or moisture. In this study, the influence of moisture on physical and flow properties of milk‐millet powders were evaluated. The physical and flow properties of milk blended barnyard and foxtail millet powders were influenced by particle size and moisture content. The flow properties could be useful in understanding their behavior during handling, processing, and storage, and thus help in the design and optimization of processing and storage operations.
Genome‐wide DNA methylation profiling of gastric cardia cancer
Authors: Lin Runhua , Qian Yanli , Zhang Jinhai , Xia Di , Guo Dongming , Hong Liangli , Qing Bojuan , Xu Muming , Huang Yiteng , Lin Wenting , Chen Guangcan , Liu Shuhui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimAberrant DNA methylation has been found in various cancer types including gastric cancer, yet the genome‐wide DNA methylation profile of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to profile the DNA methylation pattern of GCC and identify promising diagnostic epigenetic biomarkers.MethodsWe investigated the genome‐wide DNA methylation pattern in eight pairs of GCC and adjacent normal tissues using Illumina 850K microarrays. Subsequently, bisulfite‐pyrosequencing and quantitative real‐time PCR were performed on eight pairs of GCC‐adjacent normal tissues for validation. Finally, we performed immunohistochemistry to examine ADHFE1 expression on 126 pairs of GCC‐adjacent normal samples.ResultsDNA methylome analysis showed global hypomethylation and local hypermethylation of promoter cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine (CpG) islands (CGIs) in GCC tissues compared with gastric cardia normal mucosa (P < 2.2 × 10−16). Differential methylation analysis identified a total of 91 723 differentially‐methylated probes (DMPs), and the candidate gene with the largest average DNA methylation difference mapped to ADHFE1 (mean Δβ = 0.53). Subsequently, three DMPs in the ADHFE1 promoter were validated by pyrosequencing. Notably, the mean methylation level of the three candidate DMPs (ADHFE1_cg08090772, ADHFE1_cg19283840, and ADHFE1_cg20295442) was negatively associated with ADHFE1 mRNA expression level (Spearman rho = −0.64, P = 0.01). Moreover, both mRNA (P = 0.0213) and protein (P < 0.0001) expression of ADHFE1 were significantly decreased in GCCs compared with the adjacent normal tissues.ConclusionsOur results reveal DNA methylation aberrations in GCC and that ADHFE1 gene DNA methylation contributes to the risk of GCC, thus providing novel mechanistic insights into gastric cardia cancer carcinogenesis.
COVID‐19 and cutaneous manifestations: A review of the published literature
Authors: Martora Fabrizio , Villani Alessia , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Battista Teresa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. COVID‐19 outbreak, which caused thousands of deaths, has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020.AimSkin manifestations related to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection can be divided mainly into five groups: chilblainlike lesions (CBLLs), maculopapular eruptions, urticarial eruptions, vesicular eruptions, and livedo or necrosis. Other skin findings reported are erythema multiforme (EM)‐like lesions and skin findings associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) and rarely with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS‐A). Other manifestations such as pityriasis rosea or shingles are also reported.MethodsA total of 60 articles including reviews, studies and case reports were selected for the evaluation in this review.ResultsThe skin manifestations associated with COVID‐19 infection are numerous and can vary widely. The major dermatological patterns of COVID‐19 can be classified as inflammatory reactions (maculopapular/morbilliform, urticarial and vesicular rashes), or lesions of vascular origin (chilblain like rashes, petechiae/purpura, and livedo acemose‐like pattern)ConclusionWe believe that the dermatologist could play an important role in the response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic through early recognition of skin lesions suggestive of COVID‐19, particularly in paucisymptomatic infections where this recognition could direct toward an early diagnosis of infection that certainly leads to a better prognosis.