bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on collapse settlement and cracks of core wall rockfill dams under wetting deformation
Authors: Zhou Xiongxiong , He Jichun , Chi Shichun , Wang Jinwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe safety and stability of core wall rockfill dams during impoundment are threatened by the wetting deformation of up‐stream shell materials. The serious wetting deformation not only aggravates the collapse settlement of upstream rockfill but also intensifies differential settlement of the dam crest during impoundment, and then causes cracks on the dam crest. On the basis of the proposed wetting deformation model and its simulation method of wetting deformation, this paper simulated the impoundment process of Guanyinyan core wall rockfill dam and studied the deformation characteristic of the dam during impoundment. In addition, the smeared cracking model was used to simulate the crack propagation on the dam crest, and the crack develop and spread mechanism was analysed. The results show that the simulated deformation can fit the in‐situ data well, and the simulated crack propagation is in good agreement with the actual situation. Once watered, the upstream rockfill and core wall have significant settlement, and the whole dam crest has obvious horizontal displacement towards the upstream. It is on the same order of magnitude that the increment of horizontal displacement and settlement at the top of the dam during impoundment. In the process of impoundment, the upper part of the dam tends to deform towards the reservoir area, which will lead to tensile cracks appearing in the rockfill areas on both upstream and downstream sides of the core wall of the dam crest, and the propagation direction of the cracks is basically parallel to the adjacent core wall surface. With the water level rising, the cracks on the downstream side of the dam crest mainly extend vertically, and the cracks on the upstream side of the dam crest not only extend vertically, but also extend horizontally.
The role of resilience in diabetes stigma among young and middle‐aged patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yi‐Bo , Yang Zhen , Zhang Hui‐Jun , Xu Chao‐Qiang , Liu Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the prevalence and related factors influencing diabetes stigma among Chinese young and middle‐aged patients with type 2 diabetes.DesignA cross‐sectional, quantitative study was conducted through questionnaires.MethodsA total of 453 young and middle‐aged patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Questionnaire survey was conducted with convenience sampling from September 2019 to December 2020. This included demographic questionnaire, Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS‐2) and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC). The STROBE checklist was applied as the reporting guideline for this study.ResultsThe scores of diabetes stigma and resilience of patients were 48.18 ± 14.52 and 66.02 ± 7.18, respectively. Diabetes stigma was negatively correlated with resilience, the correlation coefficient was −0.581. The results showed that the complications, diabetes year, monthly income and insulin treatment are important factors affecting stigma. In addition, it is resilience that was a protective factor of diabetes stigma, explaining 27.2% of the variance in diabetes stigma.
Hydrogen‐bonded polymer multilayer coatings via dynamic layer‐by‐layer assembly
Authors: Dolmat Maksim , Kozlovskaya Veronika , Inman Daniel , Thomas Claire , Kharlampieva Eugenia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe developed the dynamic assembly of the hydrogen‐bonded multilayers of (poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone/poly(methacrylic acid)) (PVPON/PMAA)) and compared their properties to the static multilayers. We found that dynamic multilayers, wherein a planar substrate is shaken during polymer adsorption, leads to a 15‐time faster deposition of the planar coatings. The thicknesses and roughness of the dynamic coatings were found to be ⁓30% larger than those of static (no shaking) multilayer films as measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy. We examined the film growth, mechanical properties, wettability, hydration, and pH stability of the planar static and dynamic multilayers and demonstrated that these properties were insignificantly affected by the assembly mode. Both static and dynamic coatings produced microporous films when exposed to pH = 5.9, close to the film critical dissolution pH = 6. We discovered that during the release of the multilayer films into a solution to produce free‐standing films either as planar membranes or multilayer capsule shells, the molecular chain rearrangements result in the decreased roughness for both static and dynamic multilayers and lead to a decreased thickness of the dynamic multilayers. Our findings can help develop a rapid synthesis of thicker nanostructured polymer coatings for sensing and controlled delivery applications.
Crystal structure of an L‐type lectin domain from archaea
Authors: Khan Farha , Kaza Suguna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe crystal structures of an L‐type lectin domain from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii in apo and mannose‐bound forms have been determined. A thorough investigation of L‐type lectin domains from several organisms provides insight into the differences in these domains from different kingdoms of life. While the overall fold of the L‐type lectin domain is conserved, differences in the lengths of the carbohydrate‐binding loops and significant variations in the Mn2+‐binding site compared to the Ca2+‐binding site are observed. Furthermore, the sequence and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the archaeal L‐type lectin domain is evolutionarily closer to the plant legume lectins than to its bacterial or animal counterparts. This is the first report of the biochemical, structural, sequence, and phylogenetic analyses of an L‐type lectin domain from archaea and serves to enhance our understanding of the species‐specific differences and evolution of L‐type lectin domains.
Analyzing human factors and complexities of mining and O&G process accidents using FRAM: Copiapó (Chile) and FPSO CSM (Brazil) cases
Authors: França Josué Eduardo Maia , Hollnagel Erik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study presented in this research is a systematic human factors approach comparing two striking process accidents in Latin America: the Copiapó mining accident (2010), at the San José copper–gold mine, in Chile, and the FPSO CSM accident (2015), at Camarupim offshore oil field, in Brazil. Despite being different industrial segments—mining and O&G—more similarities than differences were observed in the treatment of process safety anomalies, especially those related to major accidents. The intense interactions between workers, equipment and processes, in both industries, have been making significant developments in the edge of innovation and technology, however increasing the complexity of risks in the workplaces. Furthermore, the differences between the preparation and handling of emergency situations show how complex, and critical, process safety is in these industrial areas. Aiming to adequately evidence how this complexity is intrinsically part of the various system that form the entire process, the FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method) was utilized to model and analyses both accidents, under a human factors approach. Interactions and interrelations between LOPC, nontechnical skills, resilience and technical procedures were noticed as crucial for process safety and productivity of daily operations, as well as the preparedness for emergency situations.
A first principle study of pressure‐induced properties of MoS2–graphene heterostructures
Authors: Maraan Sarmand Jomaa , Ilyas Bahaa M. , Alfaidhi Anwar M. E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the capabilities of the ab‐initio calculations within density functional theory (DFT) on the 2D monolayer MoS2, graphene, and Gr‐MoS2 heterostructure. The stability, elastic properties, acoustics, electronic and optical properties of the three hexagonal MoS2, graphene, and Gr‐MoS2 heterostructure is presented. The energy bandgap and both Total and partial density of states are calculated within the PBE functional and are enhanced by the HSE06 functional. Gr‐MoS2 hold an indirect bandgap (0.294 ev) while MoS2 is a direct bandgap (1.83 eV); moreover, graphene is used in its metal form in our calculations. The geometrically optimized relaxed structural parameters are (a = b = 3.308 Å, c = 11.961 Å), (a = b = 3.156 Å, c = 12.440 Å), and (a = b = 2.450 Å, c = 7.286 Å) for Gr‐MoS2, MoS2, and Gr, respectively. The energy bandgap of the three hexagonal crystals is induced in the pressure limit (0–40) GPa. Pressure give rise to bandgap in Gr, and does not affect the MoS2 bandgap significantly, whereas the minimal bandgap for Gr‐MoS2 changes drastically under pressure. The pressure‐dependent elastic moduli and related mechanical characteristics are reported. The optical properties are calculated throughout incident photon energies (0–40 eV). Most of the reported properties show a relative agreement with the cited literature. However, there are no experimental nor reliable theoretical results for the Gr‐MoS2 heterostructure, and to the best of the author's knowledge many of the results of Gr‐MoS2 are reported first in this work.
Does imitation increase or decrease demand for an original product? Understanding the opposing effects of discovery and substitution
Authors: Yilmaz Erdem Dogukan , Naumovska Ivana , Miric Milan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryThis article studies how the entry of an imitative product influences the demand for the original, in markets with a large number of products where consumers are not aware of most products. We suggest that the release of an imitative product triggers two countervailing forces: a discovery effect that increases awareness and demand for the original, and a substitution effect decreasing that demand. When the imitation is horizontally differentiated, the substitution effect is weaker, and the discovery effect leads to increased demand for the original, particularly so when the original is less well‐known. However, when the imitation is vertically differentiated, the discovery effect does not benefit the original, and the demand decreases given the substitution effect. We test our theory in the context of 3D‐printable products.Managerial SummaryImitative products typically harm the performance of the original product. This is in part the rationale for deterring imitation by acquiring intellectual property (IP) rights. However, as we demonstrate, the release of an imitative product may increase discovery of the original product, and therefore demand for it. In markets with a large number of products, products typically compete for attention, and an imitative product may serve as a channel through which attention spills over from the imitation to the original. This effect is more pronounced when the original product is less well‐known. This suggests that, under certain conditions, firms may benefit from pursuing a more open IP strategy that encourages imitation. Examples of marketplaces where imitation may increase demand for the original include those for music, e‐books, software, and mobile apps.
New ultra high molecular weight acrylic processing aids for rigid PVC foaming
Authors: Nerkar Manoj , Cornetta John , Swain Mark 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFoaming of rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is studied as a function of high molecular weight acrylic processing aids. The industrial process to evaluate quality of foam is discussed in detail. The role of acrylic processing aids to improve melt strength and hence foaming of PVC is explained. It is demonstrated that increase in molecular weight of acrylic processing aids increases its effectiveness. It is found that ultra‐high molecular weight processing aids is 25%–30% more efficient than relatively lower, but still high, molecular weight acrylic processing aids. The higher molecular weight processing aids provided comparable foaming performance at lower loading levels. Foaming reduced the density of PVC compounds to 0.32–0.34 g/cm3. More than 1000% expansion is achieved in the melt extrusion process using a chemical blowing agent. Fusion characteristics are also studied. Fusion times for initial fusion peaks are in the range of 42–44 s while the fusion times of the second fusion peaks are in the range of 74–94 s. The higher molecular weight processing aids maintained fusion characteristics of PVC compounds, warranting no significant changes in commercial process.
Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers—Design, characterization, antimicrobial, and novel applications
Authors: Takahashi Haruko , Sovadinova Iva , Yasuhara Kazuma , Vemparala Satyavani , Caputo Gregory A. , Kuroda Kenichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiomimetic antimicrobial polymers have been an area of great interest as the need for novel antimicrobial compounds grows due to the development of resistance. These polymers were designed and developed to mimic naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides in both physicochemical composition and mechanism of action. These antimicrobial peptide mimetic polymers have been extensively investigated using chemical, biophysical, microbiological, and computational approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions that drive function. These studies have helped inform SARs, mechanism of action, and general physicochemical factors that influence the activity and properties of antimicrobial polymers. However, there are still lingering questions in this field regarding 3D structural patterning, bioavailability, and applicability to alternative targets. In this review, we present a perspective on the development and characterization of several antimicrobial polymers and discuss novel applications of these molecules emerging in the field.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
A study of Feynman integrals with uniform transcendental weights and their symbology
Authors: He Song , Li Zhenjie , Ma Rourou , Wu Zihao , Yang Qinglin , Zhang Yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multi-loop Feynman integrals are key objects for the high-order correction computations in high energy phenomenology. These integrals with multiple scales may have complicated symbol structures, and we show that twistor geometries of closely related dual conformal integrals shed light on their alphabet and symbol structures. In this paper, first, as a cutting-edge example, we derive the two-loop four-external-mass Feynman integrals with uniform transcendental (UT) weights, based on the latest developments on UT integrals. Then we find that all the symbol letters of these integrals can be explained non-trivially by studying the so-called Schubert problem of certain dual conformal integrals with a point at infinity. Certain properties of the symbol such as first two entries and extended Steinmann relations are also studied from analogous properties of dual conformal integrals.
Quartic Gauge-Higgs couplings: constraints and future directions
Authors: Anisha  , Atkinson Oliver , Bhardwaj Akanksha , Englert Christoph , Stylianou Panagiotis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Constraints on quartic interactions of the Higgs boson with gauge bosons have been obtained by the experimental LHC collaborations focussing on the so-called κ framework of flat rescalings of SM-like interactions in weak boson fusion (WBF) Higgs pair production. While such approaches are admissible to obtain a qualitative picture of consistency with the SM when the statistical yield is low, once more statistics become available a more theoretically consistent framework of limit setting is desirable. Reviewing the constraints provided at the Large Hadron Collider, we first show that these limits are robust when considered in a leading order context. Turning to radiative corrections, we demonstrate the limitations of this approach in the SM, and by adopting Higgs effective field theory techniques, we clarify the sensitivity from single Higgs measurements to rescalings of quartic Higgs-gauge couplings. We then discuss avenues for sensitivity improvements of WBF analyses employing Graph Neural Networks to combat the large contributing backgrounds.
A Feature Extraction Algorithm Based on Optimal Neighborhood Size
Authors: Jia Caiqin , Pang Min , Han Xie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe feature extraction of a point cloud fragment model is the basis of fragment splicing, which provides the technical support for research on the segmentation, splicing, and restoration of fragment surfaces. High-quality feature extraction, however, is a complicated process due to the diversity of the surface information of a fragment model. For this subject, a high-efficient point cloud feature extraction method was proposed to address a new method for extracting feature lines. First, the projection distance feature of the point cloud model was calculated to identify the potential feature points. Furthermore, the local information of the possible feature points was used to construct the adaptive neighborhoods for identifying the feature points based on neighborhoods of the model. The clustering fusion of the feature points was proposed according to the discrimination threshold values of the feature points. Finally, the Laplace operator was utilized to refine and connect the feature points to form smooth feature lines. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was automatic, highly efficient, and with good adaptability that could effectively extract the detailed features and construct the complete feature lines. Moreover, results showed that the provided framework could extract the features of simple structure models and be feasible to a certain extent for fragment models with abundant features.
Nash equilibria for relative investors via no-arbitrage arguments
Authors: Bäuerle Nicole , Göll Tamara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithin a common arbitrage-free semimartingale financial market we consider the problem of determining all Nash equilibrium investment strategies for n agents who try to maximize the expected utility of their relative wealth. The utility function can be rather general here. Exploiting the linearity of the stochastic integral and making use of the classical pricing theory we are able to express all Nash equilibrium investment strategies in terms of the optimal strategies for the classical one agent expected utility problems. The corresponding mean field problem is solved in the same way. We give four applications of specific financial markets and compare our results with those given in the literature.
Head and neck cancer N-glycome traits are cell line and HPV status–dependent
Authors: Rasheduzzaman Mohammad , Murugan Abarna V. M. , Zhang Xi , Oliveira Tiago , Dolcetti Riccardo , Kenny Liz , Johnson Newell W. , Kolarich Daniel , Punyadeera Chamindie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Glycosylation is the most common post-translational modification of proteins, and glycosylation changes at cell surfaces are frequently associated with malignant epithelia including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In HNSCC, 5-year survival remains poor, averaging around 50% globally: this is partly related to late diagnosis. Specific protein glycosylation signatures on malignant keratinocytes have promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, HNSCC-specific glycome is to date largely unknown. Herein, we tested six established HNSCC cell lines to capture the qualitative and semi-quantitative N-glycome using porous graphitized carbon liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Oligomannose-type N-glycans were the predominant features in all HNSCC cell lines analysed (57.5–70%). The levels of sialylated N-glycans showed considerable cell line-dependent differences ranging from 24 to 35%. Importantly, α2-6 linked sialylated N-glycans were dominant across most HNSCC cell lines except in SCC-9 cells where similar levels of α2-6 and α2-3 sialylated N-glycans were observed. Furthermore, we found that HPV-positive cell lines contained higher levels of phosphorylated oligomannose N-glycans, which hint towards an upregulation of lysosomal pathways. Almost all fucose-type N-glycans carried core-fucose residues with just minor levels (< 4%) of Lewis-type fucosylation identified. We also observed paucimannose-type N-glycans (2–5.5%), though in low levels. Finally, we identified oligomannose N-glycans carrying core-fucose residues and confirmed their structure by tandem mass spectrometry. This first systematic mapping of the N-glycome revealed diverse and specific glycosylation features in HNSCC, paving the way for further studies aimed at assessing their possible diagnostic relevance.
Compositional effects in the liquid Fe–Ni–C system at high pressure
Authors: Posner Esther S. , Steinle-Neumann Gerd 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe performed molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory to systematically investigate the Fe–Ni–C system including (1) pure Fe and Ni; (2) binary Fe–Ni, Fe–C, and Ni–C; and (3) ternary Fe–Ni–C liquid compositions at 3000 K and three simulation volumes corresponding to pressure (P) up to 83 GPa. Liquid structural properties, including coordination numbers, are analyzed using partial radial distribution functions. Self-diffusion coefficients are determined based on the atomic trajectories and the asymptotic slope of the time-dependent mean-square displacement. The results indicate that the average interatomic distance between two Fe atoms (rFe–Fe) decreases with P and is sensitive to Ni (XNi) and C (XC) concentration, although the effects are opposite: rFe–Fe decreases with increasing XNi, but increases with increasing XC. Average rFe–C and rNi–C values also decrease with increasing XNi and generally remain constant between the two lowest P points, corresponding to a coordination change of carbon from ~ 6.8 to ~ 8.0, and then decrease with additional P once the coordination change is complete. Carbon clustering occurs in both binary (especially Ni–C) and ternary compositions with short-range rC-C values (~ 1.29 to ~ 1.57 Å), typical for rC-C in diamond and graphite. The self-diffusion results are generally consistent with high-P diffusion data extrapolated from experiments conducted at lower temperature (T). A subset of additional simulations was conducted at 1675 and 2350 K to estimate the effect of T on diffusion, yielding an activation enthalpy of ~ 53 kJ/mol and activation volume of ~ 0.5 cm3/mol.