bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structure of Conventional Slater Type Antiferromagnetic Insulators: AIrO3 (A=Sr, Ba) Perovskites
Authors: Koc Husnu , Mamedov Amirullah M , Ozbay Ekmel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Perovskite BaIrO3 and SrIrO3 compounds based on the density functional theory (DFT) have been examined in four different structures (C2/c, R-3m, P6_3/mmc and Pm-3m) and Pnma structure, respectively. The spin polarized generalized gradient approximation has been used for modeling exchange-correlation effects. As a result of spin polarized calculations, it has been observed that BaIrO3 compound showed magnetic properties in C2/c and R-3m structures, but not in Pm-3m and P6_3/mmc structures. SrIrO3 compound also shows magnetic properties in Pnma structure. The elastic constants have been calculated using the strain-stress method and the other related quantities (the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, anisotropy factor, sound velocities, and Debye temperature) have also been estimated. In electronic band structure calculations, while Pm-3m and P6_3/mmc structures of NaIrO3 compound are metallic and semiconductor (Eg = 1.190 eV indirect), respectively, while C2/c and R-3m structures showing magnetic properties are metallic in spin down state and semiconductor (Eg=0.992 eV indirect and Eg=0.665 eV direct, respectively) in the spin up state. The Pmna structure in the SrIrO3 compound is a semiconductor in both spin states (Eg=0.701 eV “0.632 eV” indirect in the spin up “spin down”).
Crosslinking of Starch Using Citric Acid
Authors: Gerezgiher A G , Szabó T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With a purpose of improving mainly the water resistivity and related physical and mechanical property of starch biopolymer, citric acid was used to modify the chemical structure of starch by crosslinking the polymer chains. Corn starch films were produced first dispersing 4% (w/w) starch in water, adding glycerol (36% of the weight of starch) and citric acid (20% of the weight starch) successively allowing them to react at different pH. Water absorption, FTIR, DMA, DSC and SEM tests were done to characterize the thin film samples. Results showed that availability of glycerol is a critical factor for the crosslinking and plasticity property of the film. Samples prepared with citric acid crosslinked starch without the inclusion of glycerol were brittle and has easily disintegrated in water as crystals. The crosslinking reaction done under acidic condition was found more effective than the other reactions. Generally, citric acid has effectively crosslinked corn starch polymer molecules reducing the amount of hydroxyl group in their structure. As a result improvement in the water resistant is observed.
Invariant quadratic operators associated with linear canonical transformations and their eigenstates
Authors: Ranaivoson Ravo Tokiniaina , Andriambololona Raoelina , Rakotoson Hanitriarivo , Ravelonjato Rivo Herivola Manjakamanana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The main purpose of this work is to identify invariant quadratic operators associated with Linear Canonical Transformations (LCTs) which could play important roles in physics. In quantum physics, LCTs are the linear transformations which keep invariant the Canonical Commutation Relations (CCRs). In this work, LCTs corresponding to a general pseudo-Euclidian space are considered and related to a phase space representation of quantum theory. Explicit calculations are firstly performed for the monodimensional case to identify the corresponding LCT-invariant quadratic operators then multidimensional generalizations of the obtained results are deduced. The eigenstates of these operators are also identified. A first kind of LCT-invariant operator is a second order polynomial of the coordinates and momenta operators. The coefficients of this polynomial depend on the mean values and the statistical variances-covariances of the coordinates and momenta operators themselves. It is shown that these statistical variances-covariances can be related with thermodynamic variables. In this context, new quantum corrections to the ideal gas state equation are deduced from correction to the Hamiltonian operator of non-relativistic free quantum particles that is suggested by LCT-covariance. Two other LCT-invariant quadratic operators, which can be considered as the number operators of some quasiparticles, are also identified: the first one is a number operator of bosonic type quasiparticles and the second one corresponds to fermionic type. This fermionic LCT-invariant quadratic operator is directly related to a spin representation of LCTs. It is shown explicitly, in the case of a relativistic pentadimensional theory, that the eigenstates of this operator can be considered as basic quantum states of elementary fermions. A classification of the fundamental fermions, compatible with the Standard Model of particle physics, is established from a classification of these states.
Estimation of the Average Causal Effect in Longitudinal Data With Time-Varying Exposures: The Challenge of Nonpositivity and the Impact of Model Flexibility
Authors: Rudolph Jacqueline E , Benkeser David , Kennedy Edward H , Schisterman Enrique F , Naimi Ashley I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There are important challenges to the estimation and identification of average causal effects in longitudinal data with time-varying exposures. Here, we discuss the difficulty in meeting the positivity condition. Our motivating example is the per-protocol analysis of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) Trial. We estimated the average causal effect comparing the incidence of pregnancy by 26 weeks that would have occurred if all women had been assigned to aspirin and complied versus the incidence if all women had been assigned to placebo and complied. Using flexible targeted minimum loss-based estimation, we estimated a risk difference of 1.27% (95% CI: −9.83, 12.38). Using a less flexible inverse probability weighting approach, the risk difference was 5.77% (95% CI: −1.13, 13.05). However, the cumulative probability of compliance conditional on covariates approached 0 as follow-up accrued, indicating a practical violation of the positivity assumption, which limited our ability to make causal interpretations. The effects of nonpositivity were more apparent when using a more flexible estimator, as indicated by the greater imprecision. When faced with nonpositivity, one can use a flexible approach and be transparent about the uncertainty, use a parametric approach and smooth over gaps in the data, or target a different estimand that will be less vulnerable to positivity violations.
Developing pharmacy services in a home hospital program: The Mayo Clinic experience
Authors: Peinovich Margaret , Darracott Robert , Dow Jordan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Home hospital programs are rapidly becoming a more common patient care model in the market. The impact on hospital pharmacy practices is not well defined. This article describes the development of pharmacy services in a home hospital program in an attempt to help other organizations create their own home hospital pharmacy programs.

Summary
Caring for acutely ill patients in their home was a novel idea when Mayo Clinic began considering this in January 2020. Since then, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly escalated interest in and pursuit of these programs. One question we asked ourselves, and many colleagues are asking us today, is “How does pharmacy fit in?” Through 2 years of active engagement, innovation, and persistence, our team has developed a robust pharmacy presence in the home hospital care team and a well-articulated approach to medication management for our patients. We have tightly aligned and blended our clinical efforts to mirror our typical inpatient and ambulatory care clinical activities. We have also developed and modified our dispensing functions to serve the unique needs of the care model.

Conclusion
Home hospital medication management is both complex and ripe with opportunities for pharmacy engagement.
SLC38A6, regulated by EP300-mediated modifications of H3K27ac, promotes cell proliferation, glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Li , Li Lixing , Cheng Bin , Xing Tonghai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of liver cancer. The incidence of HCC is increasing and effective prevention methods are needed. The solute carrier family 38 member 6 (SLC38A6) plays an important role in the metabolism of glutamine, which is a central nutrient for many cancers. However, the regulation and function of SLC38A6 in HCC are unclear. SLC38A6 levels in human HCC tissue arrays and cells were determined. SLC38A6 was silenced or overexpressed to determine its role in regulating cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial respiration. A luminescence assay was used to study the interaction between SLC38A6 and EP300. The interactions between SLC38A6, H3K27ac and EP300 were determined using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblots were performed to measure mRNAs and proteins, respectively. SLC38A6 expression was higher in HCC compared with expression in normal tissue. Silencing SLC38A6 inhibited cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial respiration, while SLC38A6 overexpression had the opposite effects. Silencing SLC38A6 also inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Silencing EP300 significantly suppressed the interaction between H3K27ac and the SLC38A6 promoter, leading to decreased SLC38A6. SLC38A6 is regulated by EP300-mediated modifications of H3K27ac and promotes viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in HCC cells.
Sexual health discussion practices and HIV clinical care provided by primary care providers in the Southeast United States, K-BAP Study (2017–2018)
Authors: Townes Ashley , Gaul Zaneta , Henny Kirk D 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveResearch underscores the importance of providers having routine discussions with patients about their sexual health. We examined the occurrences and association of routine sexual health discussion practices and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinical care among primary care providers (PCPs) in areas with high HIV prevalence.MethodsWe analysed data collected between April and August 2017 from an online survey that assessed PCPs knowledge, behaviours, attitudes, and practices of HIV-related care in 6 Southeast US jurisdictions (Atlanta, Baltimore, Baton Rouge, District of Columbia, Miami, and New Orleans).ResultsAmong PCPs, we found that 39.2% routinely obtained sexual health histories, 78.5% offered HIV testing, and 16.0% ever prescribed preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Based on adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), the proportion of PCPs who routinely obtained sexual histories was higher among female PCPs (aPR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.04, 2.08), PCPs who had a patient population that was &gt;50% men who have sex with men (MSM) (aPR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.72, 2.18), offered HIV testing (aPR = 3.60, 95% CI 2.23, 5.79), and ever prescribed PrEP (aPR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.06, 1.93).ConclusionImproving patient–provider discussions are needed to reduce HIV-related service barriers for disproportionately affected populations.Practice implicationsRoutine discussions can reduce barriers to important HIV prevention and care services and help reduce disparities among patients living in highly prevalent HIV locations.
Petrophysical characterization and thermal conductivity prediction of serpentinized peridotites
Authors: Chibati Nadjib , Géraud Yves , Essa Khalid S 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARY
We investigated 22 different serpentinization level peridotite samples from the North Pyrenean Zone (NPZ) and along the North Pyrenean Fault (NPF) to characterize their mineralogical composition and petrophysical properties (bulk and grain density, porosity, compressional and shear wave velocities, and thermal conductivity and diffusivity). Peridotites have a percentage of serpentine that varies between 5 and 97 per cent for fresh samples and totally altered ones, respectively. The mineralogical changes by serpentinization induced a wide variety of petrophysical properties. The key indicators of serpentinization from petrophysical properties in serpentinized peridotite include an increase in porosity of up to 10 per cent and the associated decrease in the solid density ranging from 3.29 g cm–1 for fresh peridotites to 2.5 g cm–3 for the totally serpentinized peridotites. Thermo-physical properties were found to follow the same deceasing trend as the serpentinization increases up to 3000 m s–1 and 1.85 W m–1 K–1 for P-wave velocity and thermal conductivity (TC), respectively. For TC estimation, empirical relationships were produced using multiple linear regression (MLR) and a mineralogy model. For the mineralogy model, we used 10 mixing models commonly used in indirect TC estimation based on mineral composition. For the mean TC of individual mineral phases, the TC estimation shows that in case of non-availability of the proper samples for direct measurement, the TC of peridotite can be inferred with an acceptable level of error from the geometric mean model and harmonic mean models for the dry and saturated conditions, respectively. Based on the results of MLR, the study also confirms that the TC of dry rocks can be predicted through acoustic velocity, density and porosity with a prediction accuracy of ±0.24 W m−1 K−1 and confidence of &gt;80 per cent.
The role of communication, building relationships, and adaptability in non-profit organisational capacity for health promotion
Authors: van Herwerden Louise A , Reidlinger Dianne P , Palermo Claire 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While the non-profit sector has an integral role in health promotion, it is unclear whether these organisations have the capacity for health promotion activities. This study aims to explore and describe capacity changes of a non-profit organisation during a 3-year community-based nutrition intervention. The non-profit organisation, with 3800 members throughout the state of Queensland, Australia, implemented a 3-year food literacy community-based intervention. A team of qualified nutritionists delivered the program in partnership with community-based volunteers. A separate aim of the intervention was to build capacity of the non-profit organisation for health promotion. A qualitative study was undertaken, using a social constructivist approach to explore organisational capacity changes longitudinally. All relevant participants including non-profit executive managers and nutritionists were included in the study (100% response rate). Data collection included semi-structured interviews (n = 17) at multiple intervention time points and document analysis of program newsletters (n = 21). Interview transcripts and documents were analysed separately using thematic and content analysis. Codes and categories between the two data sources were then compared and contrasted to build themes. Organisational capacity was predominantly influenced by four themes; ‘communicating’, ‘changing relationships’, ‘limited organisational learning’ and ‘adaptability and resistance to change’. Developing non-profit organisational health promotion capacity appears to require focusing on fostering communication processes and building positive relationships over time. Capacity changes of the non-profit organisation were not linear, fluctuating across various levels over time. Assessing non-profit organisational capacity to implement community interventions by describing adaptive capacity, may help researchers focus on the processes that influence capacity development.
Planetary health benefits from strengthening health workforce education on the social determinants of health
Authors: Valentine Nicole , Ajuebor Onyema , Fisher Julian , Bodenmann Patrick , Baum Fran , Rasanathan Kumanan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Social inequalities are perpetuating unhealthy living and working conditions and behaviours. These causes are commonly called ‘the social determinants of health’. Social inequalities are also impacting climate change and vice-versa, which, is causing profound negative impacts on planetary health. Achieving greater sustainability for human and planetary health demands that the health sector assumes a greater leadership role in addressing social inequalities. This requires equipping health and social care workers to better understand how the social determinants of health impact patients and communities.
Integration of the social determinants of health into education and training will prepare the workforce to adjust clinical practice, define appropriate public health programmes and leverage cross-sector policies and mechanisms being put in place to address climate change. Educators should guide health and social workforce learners using competency-based approaches to explore critical pathways of social determinants of health, and what measurements and interventions may apply according to the structural and intermediary determinants of health and health equity.
Key institutional and instructional reforms by decision-makers are also needed to ensure that the progressive integration and strengthening of education and training on the social determinants of health is delivered equitably, including by ensuring the leadership and participation of marginalized and minority groups. Training on the social determinants of health should apply broadly to three categories of health and social workforce learners, namely, those acting on global or national policies; those working in districts and communities; and those providing clinical services to individual families and patients.
Socioeconomic changes predict genome-wide DNA methylation in childhood
Authors: Liu Jiaxuan , Cerutti Janine , Lussier Alexandre A , Zhu Yiwen , Smith Brooke J , Smith Andrew D A C , Dunn Erin C 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChildhood socioeconomic position (SEP) is a major determinant of health and well-being across the entire life course. To effectively prevent and reduce health risks related to SEP, it is critical to better understand when and under what circumstances socioeconomic adversity shapes biological processes. DNA methylation (DNAm) is one such mechanism for how early life adversity ‘gets under the skin’. In this study, we evaluated the dynamic relationship between SEP and DNAm across childhood using data from 946 mother–child pairs in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We assessed six SEP indicators spanning financial, occupational and residential domains during very early childhood (ages 0–2), early childhood (ages 3–5) and middle childhood (ages 6–7). Epigenome-wide DNAm was measured at 412 956 cytosine-guanines (CpGs) from peripheral blood at age 7. Using an innovative two-stage structured life-course modeling approach, we tested three life-course hypotheses for how SEP shapes DNAm profiles—accumulation, sensitive period and mobility. We showed that changes in the socioeconomic environment were associated with the greatest differences in DNAm, and that middle childhood may be a potential sensitive period when socioeconomic instability is especially important in shaping DNAm. Top SEP-related DNAm CpGs were overrepresented in genes involved in pathways important for neural development, immune function and metabolic processes. Our findings highlight the importance of socioeconomic stability during childhood and if replicated, may emphasize the need for public programs to help children and families experiencing socioeconomic instability and other forms of socioeconomic adversity.
Convergent biological pathways underlying the Kallmann syndrome-linked genes Hs6st1 and Fgfr1
Authors: Moon Sohyun , Zhao Ying-Tao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a congenital disorder characterized by idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and olfactory dysfunction. KS is linked to variants in &gt;34 genes, which are scattered across the human genome and show disparate biological functions. Although the genetic basis of KS is well studied, the mechanisms by which disruptions of these diverse genes cause the same outcome of KS are not fully understood. Here we show that disruptions of KS-linked genes affect the same biological processes, indicating convergent molecular mechanisms underlying KS. We carried out machine learning-based predictions and found that KS-linked mutations in heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1 (HS6ST1) are likely loss-of-function mutations. We next disrupted Hs6st1 and another KS-linked gene, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (Fgfr1), in mouse neuronal cells and measured transcriptome changes using RNA sequencing. We found that disruptions of Hs6st1 and Fgfr1 altered genes in the same biological processes, including the upregulation of genes in extracellular pathways and the downregulation of genes in chromatin pathways. Moreover, we performed genomics and bioinformatics analyses and found that Hs6st1 and Fgfr1 regulate gene transcription likely via the transcription factor Sox9/Sox10 and the chromatin regulator Chd7, which are also associated with KS. Together, our results demonstrate how different KS-linked genes work coordinately in a convergent signaling pathway to regulate the same biological processes, thus providing new insights into KS.