bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A First Look into the Nature of JWST/MIRI 7.7 μm Sources from SMACS 0723
Authors: Iani Edoardo , Caputi Karina I. , Rinaldi Pierluigi , Kokorev Vasily I. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Until now, our knowledge of the extragalactic universe at mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelengths (>5 μm) was limited to rare active galactic nuclei and the brightest normal galaxies up to z ∼ 3. The advent of JWST with its Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) will revolutionize the ability of the mid-IR regime as a key wavelength domain to probe the high-z universe. In this work we present a first study of JWST MIRI 7.7 μm sources selected with >3σ significance from the lensing cluster field SMACS J0723.3-7327. We model their spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with 13 JWST and Hubble Space Telescope broad bands, in order to obtain photometric redshifts and derived physical parameters for all these sources. We find that this 7.7 μm galaxy sample is mainly composed of normal galaxies up to z = 4 and has a tail of about 2% of sources at higher redshifts to z ≈ 9–10. The vast majority of our galaxies have [3.6]–[7.7] < 0 colors and very few of them need high dust extinction values (A

V
= 3–6 mag) for their SED fitting. The resulting lensing-corrected stellar masses span the range 107–1011
M
⊙. Overall, our results clearly show that the first MIRI 7.7 μm observations of deep fields are already useful to probe the high-redshift universe and suggest that the deeper 7.7 μm observations to be available very soon will open up, for the first time, the epoch of reionization at mid-IR wavelengths.
The Impact of Osteoporotic Fractures on Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Work Disability
Authors: Skuqi Evis , Kola Irena , Kola Sh. M. Sander 
Published: November 2022

Osteoporosis is the one of most common chronic metabolic bone disease, which is characterized by increased bone fragility, which is highly affected by age and menopause.1 According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation, one in three women over the age of 50 experience at least once in a lifetime a fracture as a result of osteoporosis, which on another hand is a cause for work disability.2,3
Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the economic and social impact of work disability, caused by fractures as a result of osteoporosis on patients with RA.
Material and Methods: The study included 50 patients, diagnosed with RA and osteoporosis, which have had at least one fracture during their course of disease. The data were obtained in the Regional Hospital of Elbasan and the main focus was the duration of work disability.
Results: The research concluded that approximately 20% of the patients required a long term disability benefit after suffering a fracture. Furthermore, the majority of the patients were reluctant to go back to work after suffering the consequences of the fracture, mainly due to pain and inability to properly move.
Conclusion: Fractures due to osteoporosis on patients with RA have an increasing impact in work disability and life quality. The majority of the patients taken into research have benefited from work disability policies, whether short or long-term.
Quand les enfants du Nord racontent l’Occupation, entre guerre rêvée et guerre vécue
Authors: Baumann Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Au printemps 1920, des milliers d’écoliers du nord de la France ont été invités à composer, dans le cadre d’un concours, sur leur souvenir de la Grande Guerre. Beaucoup d’entre eux sortaient alors de cinq ans d’occupation allemande. De cette expérience à part de la guerre nait une tension dans l’écriture du récit : comment trouver sa place dans la victoire dans la nation ? Comment prouver que l’on n’est pas devenu un « Boche du Nord » ? L’étude des représentations plurielles, parfois contradictoires, qui sont données de soi et des autres acteurs de la guerre par les élèves permet de révéler les fractures qu’ont laissées l’occupation parmi la génération des enfants du Nord , notamment sur le sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté nationale, mais également à l’échelle familiale.
Le travail contraint, négatif de l’effort de guerre sur le front d’Orient, 1915-1918
Authors: Piégais Gwendal 
Published: November 2022

De 1915 à 1918, l’armée d’Orient affronte les empires centraux en Macédoine, sur un théâtre où elle doit établir de nombreuses infrastructures essentielles. Elle recourt à un grand nombre de travailleurs locaux, peu évoqués dans les archives. Ces travailleurs sont en revanche omniprésents dans les sources photographiques, sources qui nous donnent à mieux comprendre la dimension coloniale de ce théâtre.
Quel accès juridique aux contenus numériques ?
Authors: Clément-Fontaine Mélanie 
Published: November 2022

Quels sont les leviers juridiques favorables à la production et à l’accès de contenus numériques variés (de nature culturelle ou scientifique) et certifiés par des institutions publiques, des communautés scientifiques ou encore des experts ? Nous en distinguons trois : les licences libres, l’Open data et la Science ouverte dont les régimes allient contraintes et récompenses.
Préserver la nation en exil
Authors: Keren Célia 
Published: November 2022

Pendant la guerre d’Espagne (1936-1939), l’évacuation de milliers d’enfants en France pose aux responsables gouvernementaux espagnols et à leur partenaire français une question critique : faut-il s’inquiéter du maintien en exil de l’identité nationale de ces enfants évacués ? Selon les moments et les acteurs, l’identité nationale des enfants espagnols est pensée tantôt en termes biologiques, tantôt en termes plus culturels, ce qui implique des politiques différentes sur le terrain. Cet article fournit un nouvel exemple de l’ancrage de la pensée nationaliste, et même eugéniste et raciale, dans la gauche européenne, et des angoisses suscitées par le risque de « dénationalisation » des enfants déplacés de guerre pendant le premier 20 e siècle.
El biomejoramiento moral y su relación con la ética y la justicia
Authors: Herrera Guevara Asunción 
Published: November 2022

En este artículo intentaré mostrar el discurso moralista empleado por Persson y Savulescu en su obra ¿Preparados para el futuro? La necesidad del mejoramiento moral. La primera parte del trabajo expondrá la necesidad de demarcar claramente las cuestiones de justicia de la idea de bien, considerando que esta es una distinción central para el filósofo moral y el bioeticista. Intentaré responder a una cuestión: en la actualidad, ¿el filósofo moral emplea un discurso moralista? En la segunda parte del artículo, relacionaré la propuesta de Persson y Savulescu con la novela de Stanislaw Lem Congreso de futurología.
Humanidad por defecto, cooperación por defecto
Authors: González Fernández Rodrigo Alfonso , Krause Muñoz María Soledad 
Published: November 2022

Según John Searle, las posiciones por defecto, i. e., las condiciones de inteligibilidad del pensamiento y la acción son algunos puntos de partida que se presuponen de manera pre-reflexiva y pragmática. Su postulación es, además, una novel manera de tratar con algunos problemas perennes de la filosofía, dejándolos entre paréntesis. Dichos problemas son la existencia del mundo externo, la verdad y como esta tiene que ver con hechos, la percepción directa, los significados de las palabras y, finalmente, la causalidad. En este artículo analizamos cómo las mencionadas posiciones conforman una humanidad por defecto, y cómo su ausencia, deshumanizaría. Esto es relevante en el caso de la cooperación, una posición por defecto básica para la intencionalidad colectiva, y piedra angular de la civilización humana.
Seroepidemiology of HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, and CMV in Pregnant Women Referring to Sari Birth Cohort
Authors: Rahimzadeh Golnar , Safar Mohammad Jafar , Rezai Shaghayegh , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh , Movahedi Faezeh Sadat 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Congenital infections are among the most important conditions threatening human fetal health, the majority of which are caused by viral agents. Screening pregnant women for viral infections is essential because such infections can cause serious consequences for both the mother and the infant. So, this study aimed to serologically investigate sexually transmitted viral infections in pregnant women and also find the association between the prevalence of viral infections and epidemiological parameters in pregnant women of Sari, Iran.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive, observational study was performed in pregnant women referring to Sari Birth Cohort Center between 2018 and 2020. A total of 1092 blood samples were investigated for hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:
The prevalence of HBsAg positivity, HCV, HIV, and HTLV was 0.2%, 0.09%, 0.09%, and 0.2%, respectively. The percentage of participants with CMV-IgM and -IgG antibody titers above normal was 0.2% and 91.8%, respectively. Pregnant women whose educational level was bachelor's degree or lower, those who did not use a male condom before pregnancy, or those with a family history of infectious disease were found to be more likely to have HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, and CMV infections.

Conclusion:
Family history, maternal age, pregnancy stage, and not using a male condom are among the risk factors for sexually transmitted viral infections in pregnant women in Sari.
An Exploratory Study of Cybersecurity in Working from Home: Problem or Enabler?
Authors: Bispham Mary , Creese Sadie , Dutton William H. , Esteve-González Patricia , Goldsmith Michael 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
This article explores the implications of a shift to working from home (WFH) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature and news coverage of this topic focuses on rising concerns over cybersecurity. Based on in-depth exploratory interviews with cybersecurity experts, it is apparent that cybersecurity problems do arise, but the advances in cybersecurity have enabled this shift and the scaling up of WFH. This qualitative research suggests the need for survey research and selected case studies to gain a more empirically anchored perspective on the degree that cybersecurity has raised problems but also enabled WFH.
Harezm Türkçesindeki Pekiştirme Enklitikleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Güllü 
Published: November 2022

Klitik, kelime ile ek arasında davranış sergileyen ögeler için kullanılan bir terimdir. Müstakil bir kelimenin fonolojik formuna sahip olan klitikler kendilerinden önceki unsura fonolojik olarak bağlı bulunabilecekleri gibi kendilerinden sonraki unsura da bağlı olabilirler. Söz konusu klitikler Türkçenin yapısı gereği kendilerinden önceki unsura bağlanırlar ve bu sebeple enklitik olarak adlandırılırlar.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle klitik ve enklitik kavramlarından bahsedilip, konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalara değinildi. Ardından Harezm Türkçesi metinlerindeki pekiştirme enklitikleri tespit edilip incelenmeye çalışıldı ve çalışma neticesinde elde edilen bilgiler sonuç kısmında belirtildi.
Anadolu Ağızlarında Kullanılan apala- “emeklemek” Fiili Üzerine
Authors: ERSOY Feyzi 
Published: November 2022

Anadolu ağızları, yalnızca kendine özgü fonetik ve morfolojik özellikleriyle değil aynı zamanda sahip olduğu kelime hazinesiyle de Türkçenin problemli bazı konularının aydınlatılmasında araştırmacılara önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Herkesin bildiği gibi bugün Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te yer almayan ancak Türkçenin tarihî ve çağdaş lehçelerinde yaşayan pek çok kelime Anadolu ağızlarında yaşayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Anadolu ağızlarında görülen apala- “emeklemek” fiili üzerinde durulacaktır.
Apala- fiili, ağırlıklı olarak Batı Anadolu ağızlarında görülen ilgi çekici bir fiildir. Bu fiil, ağızlarda abalamak, apılamak, apalamak, apılamak, aballamak gibi farklı şekillerde kullanılmaktadır. Çuvaşçada, aynı anlam için diğer çağdaş lehçelerde rastlanmayan upalen- fiili bulunmaktadır.
Çalışmada, tarihî ve çağdaş lehçelerdeki durumu takip edilerek Anadolu ağızlarındaki kullanımlardan da faydalanılarak apala- fiilinin üzerinde durulacak olup anlam özelliklerinden de yola çıkılarak kelimenin Çuvaşça upalen- ile bağlantısı incelenecektir.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, HIV and HBV coinfection and associated factors in pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Sichone Victor , Vwalika B 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To explore the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of hepatitis B in HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study with a total of 316 (158 HIV negative and 158 HIV positive) pregnant women, aged 16-46years. Participants were recruited from the antenatal ward using convenient sampling method from women with a known and documented HIV status. A structured questionnaire was administered for sociodemographic data and bloods for HBsAg screening were collected. Data collection was done between 15th Dec 2016 and 30th May, 2017. The relationship between study variables and presence of HBV and HBV/HIV coinfection was examined using logistic regression. The selection for entry into the logistic regression model was considered at level p<0.05.
Results: Of the 316 study participants 11(3.5%) tested positive for HBsAg. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of HBV in the HIV negative and HIV positive pregnant women (3.8% and 3.2% respectively, P=0.76). Similarly, there was no association between the age, marital status, parity, residence, religion, education level or form of employment with HBV infection. Being on combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) had a 91% reduced odds for HBV co-infection[OR = 0.09, CI = 0.01 – 0.63, P = 0.02]
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HBV between the HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women. However, HIV antiretroviral treatment seems to have a protective effect on acquisition of HBV infection. Therefore, regardless of their HIV status or socio-demographic characteristics, all pregnant women should routinely be screened for HBV so that babies born to high risk mothers can receive the birth doses of HBV vaccine and immunoglobulins to prevent transmission to newborns.
Histomorphology of bone marrow from adult pancytopenic patients at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Musonda Francis , Marimo Clemence , Kowa Sumbukeni 
Published: November 2022

Background: Pancytopenia is a haematologic condition characterised by leukopenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Pancytopenia is not a diagnosis and has to be qualified by determination of its cause. The aetiologies of pancytopenia are diverse, and study of bone marrow histomorphology via cytology and histology are key components that assist in the determination of the underlying cause. Pancytopenia is encountered regularly in medical practice in Zambia, however, no studies have been conducted on pancytopenia to date. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done on adult pancytopenic patients admitted to the medical wards of the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) over an eight-month period. The aim of this study was to determine the histomorphology of the bone marrows of adult pancytopenic patients admitted to the UTH.
Methods: A total of 45 bone marrow biopsies were collected over the study period. In all cases the indication was pancytopenia that had been confirmed by a full blood count done at the UTH and the biopsy site was either the anterior superior iliac spine or the posterior superior iliac spine. Demographic and clinical details were obtained using data collection sheets and from review of patient records. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. A Chi square test was used to measure association between categorical variables. A p value of < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.
Results: There were 32 females (71%) and 13 males (29%), and the age ranged from 15 to 72 years with an average age of 35 years. Forty percent (n=18) of t h e study participants had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and all of these all were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). There were 6 histologic patterns found the commonest being megaloblastosis seen in 38% of the patients, followed by malignancy and myelodysplasia both at 17.0%. Bone marrow aplasia accounted for 13.0%, non-megaloblastic erythroid hyperplasia accounted for nine percent and myelofibrosis for four percent. A chi square test was used to determine if there was association between each histomorphology and HIV status, the only significant result was obtained from the Chi test applied to HIV status and myelodysplasia which gave a p value of 0.026. The Chi square test involving the other histomorphologies all yielded a p value greater than 0.05.
Conclusion: The bone marrow biopsies of the study population showed six histomorphologic pictures which in order of frequency were megaloblastosis, malignancy and myelodysplasia, bone marrow hypoplasia, non-megaloblastic erythroid hyperplasia and myelofibrosis. Association was found between HIV status and myelodysplasia via the Chi square test.
Maternal Outcomes and Factors Associated with Different Methods of Induction of Labour at the University Teaching Hospital - Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Mwiche Gideons , Ahmed Ahmed Y , Vwalika B 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To determine maternal outcomes and factors associated with different methods of induction of labour, prevalence of and induction to delivery time at the Women and Newborn Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia.
Methods: A cross sectional study design was used with 147 women who met inclusion criteria recruited in the study. Convenience sampling was used to recruite study participants using an investigator admnistered data collection tool. Data analysis was stratified by method of induction of labour. Logistic regression was used to determine association between method of induction and maternal outcome. Association betweensociodemographic variables and maternal outcomes were analysed using crude odds ratios to determinestatistical significance. Simple logistic regression was then used to further analyse associations with p– values of less than< 0.05
Results: Results showed that in the majority of patients, labour was induced using misoprostol 122 (77.7%) in which most of whom 90 (83%) the vaginal route was used (73.8%) followed by the intracervical balloon catheter. Three (2%) patients suffered uterine hyper stimulation, eight (5.4%) had precipitate labour, one (0.7%) had uterine rupture while three (2%) of the patients had APH and PPH after induction of labour with misoprostol.Regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between uterine hyperstimulation ( p-value 0.503, CI 0.038 – 4.991), Precipitate labour (p value 0.702, CI 0.178 –12.951), antepartum haemorrhage ( p value 0.999) and post partum haemorrhage ( p value 0.999).There was no association between induction of labour using misoprostol and uterine rupture. There was no statistically significant association between Induction of labour using intracervical ballon catheter and uteine hyperstimulation ( p - value 0.635 CI 0.158 – 20.624), precipitate labour ( pvalue 0.827 CI 0.230 – 6.287), antepartum or post partum haemorrhage. There was no association between induction of labour using intracervical ballon catheter and uterine rupture ( p – value 1.00). Mean induction to delivery time using prostaglandins (misoprostol) was 15.2 hours with a range of 2.9 to 52.4 hours, 21.3 hours with intracervical balloon catheter with a range of 4.0 to 52.4 hours and 20.3 hours for membrane stripping with a range of 19.5 to 20.6 hours.
Conclusion: Induction of labour using either misoprostol or intracervical balloon catheter were not significantly associated with adverse maternal outcomes. There was no association between uterine rupture and induction of labour using either misoprostol or intracervical ballon catheter. The most common method of induction of labour used at the Women and Newborn Hospital involved use of misoprostol followed by the intracervical balloon catheter.
Inadequate Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacovigilance affecting Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by Health Professionals in Private Healthcare Facilities in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Prashar Lavina , Jere Elimas , Kalungia Chichonyi Aubrey 
Published: November 2022

Background:
There is currently insufficient information regarding the levels of knowledge and practice of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reporting among healthcare professionals in Zambia.
Aim:
The study examined knowledge, attitude and reporting practices among medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses in private healthcare facilities in Lusaka, Zambia.
Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken. Data was collected using a selfadministered questionnaire assessing general knowledge, attitudes and practice of ADR reporting. A rated score was used to categorize knowledge as poor, average, or good. A Kruskal-Wallis H test followed by Bonferroni test was used to compare knowledge levels among medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses, respectively. To assess practice and attitude towards the ADR reporting,proportions were used to analyze responses to items in each of the respective domain.
Results:
General knowledge of ADR reporting among the medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses in the private sector was relatively low. A Kruskal-Wallis H test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in total score between thedifferent occupations, ÷ 2 (2) = 10.839, p = 0.004, with a mean rank score of 34.08 for pharmacists (n =18), 22.17 for doctors (n = 24) and 16.19 for nurses (n = 8). Low knowledge levels of ADR reporting were attributed to lack of pharmacovigilancetraining, with thirty nine (78%) of the participants indicating that they had never received any training on ADR reporting and thirty seven participants (74%) indicated that they had never reported an ADR. Factors that discouraged ADR reporting included: practitioner concern that the information reported may be wrong (46.8%); the level of clinicalknowledge to decide whether an ADR had occurred (46.8%); lack of time to complete the ADR report forms (36.2%); reporting generating extra work load (25.5%); and the perceived unimportance of reporting a recognized ADR believing it would make little difference to knowledge and practice (19.1%). The major factors that encouraged ADR reporting included: seriousness of the ADR (98%); unusual reactions (77.6%); adverse reaction to a new product (83.7%); confidence in diagnosis of an ADR (73.5%), and if the reaction was well recognized for a particular drug (67.3%). The training of personnel in private practice was major indicator for improvement of ADR reporting.
Conclusion:
Despite the relative positive attitudes indicated, low levels of knowledge due to lack of training was the main driver of ADR underreporting practice among private health practitioners that participated in this study.Addressing the knowledge and practice gaps identified will go a long way to further improveADR reporting rates and medication safety in private healthcare practice settings.