bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaption and Cultural Validation of the Quality in Psychiatric Care-Outpatient Staff (QPC-OPS) Instrument to a Norwegian Community Mental Health Context
Authors: Skundberg-Kletthagen Hege , Schröder Agneta , Lundqvist Lars-Olov , Moen Øyfrid Larsen , Gonzalez Marianne Thorsen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim was to culturally adapt and validate the Swedish Quality in Psychiatric Care-Outpatient Staff (QPC-OPS) instrument for use in a Norwegian community mental health service context. The translated and culturally adapted instrument was named Quality in Psychiatric Care-Community Outpatient Staff (QPC-COPS). Three expert panels of mental health staff (n = 9) assessed the face and content validity. The internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed on a sample of community mental health staff (n = 64). The QCP-COPS had adequate face and content validity, and the full instrument showed excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.90) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.87:0.94). In conclusion, the QPC-COPS is a valid and reliable instrument suitable for measuring staff’s perception of the quality of care they deliver in community mental health services.
Association of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and chest CT as potential prognostic factors in severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary experience
Authors: Anastasi Emanuela , Manganaro Lucia , Guiducci Elisa , Ciaglia Simone , Dolciami Miriam , Spagnoli Alessandra , Alessandri Francesco , Angeloni Antonio , Vestri Annarita , Catalano Carlo , Ricci Paolo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To correlate in COVID-19 pneumonia CT-based semi-quantitative score of pulmonary involvement with high serum levels of KL-6, a biomarker of disease severity.

Methods
Between March 28 to May 21, 2020, 196 patients with strong suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated with RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, chest CT scan and blood test, including KL-6 serum protein, in our Emergency Unit. The final population included only patients who underwent blood sampling for KL-6 within 5 days from CT scan (n = 63), including n = 37 COVID-19-positive patients and n = 26 with negative RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 (control group). A semi-quantitative CT score was calculated based on the extent of lobar involvement (0:0%; 1, < 5%; 2:5–25%; 3:26–50%; 4:51–75%; 5, > 75%; range 0–5; global score 0–25).

Results
CT score was significantly correlated with serum value of KL-6 (r = 27, p = 0.035). This correlation was also present in COVID-19 positive patients (r = 0.423, p = 0.009) and CT score median value was significantly higher in patients with high KL-6 value (> 400 U/mL; 12.00, IQR 5.00-18.00, p-value 0.027). In control group, no statistically significant correlation was found between CT score and KL-6 value and CT score was higher in patients with high KL-6, although this difference was not statistically significant (5.00, IQR:1.75–8.00 versus 3.50, IQR:2.00–6.50). "Crazy paving" at the right upper (n = 8; 61.5%) and middle lobe (n = 4; 30.8%) and "consolidation" at the middle lobe (n=5; 38.5%) were observed in COVID-19 group with a significant difference between patients with high KL-6 value.

Conclusion
CT score is highly correlated with KL-6 value in COVID-19 patients and might be beneficial to speed-up diagnostic workflow in symptomatic cases.
Evaluation of voice commands for mode change in virtual reality implant planning procedure
Authors: Rantamaa Hanna-Riikka , Kangas Jari , Jordan Maarit , Mehtonen Helena , Mäkelä John , Ronkainen Kimmo , Turunen Markku , Sundqvist Osku , Syrjä Ismo , Järnstedt Jorma , Raisamo Roope 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In dental implantology, the optimal placement of dental implants is important to meet functional and aesthetic requirements. Planning dental implants in virtual three-dimensional (3D) environment is possible using virtual reality (VR) technologies. The three-dimensional stereoscopic virtual reality environment offers advantages over three-dimensional projection on a two-dimensional display. The use of voice commands in virtual reality environment to replace button presses and other simple actions frees the user’s hands and eyes for other tasks.

Methods
Six dentomaxillofacial radiologists experimented using a prototype version of a three-dimensional virtual reality implant planning tool, and used two different tool selection methods, using either only button presses or also voice commands. We collected objective measurements of the results and subjective data of the participant experience to compare the two conditions.

Results
The tool was approved by the experts and they were able to do the multiple-implant planning satisfactorily. The radiologists liked the possibility to use the voice commands. Most of the radiologists were willing to use the tool as part of their daily work routines.

Conclusion
The voice commands were useful, natural, and accurate for mode change, and they could be expanded to other tasks. Button presses and the voice commands should be both available and used in parallel. The input methods can be further improved based on the expert comments.
Schwierige Überzeugungsarbeit
Authors: Czaplicki Andreas , Hegerl Ulrich 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Depressionen sind häufige, schwere und oft lebensbedrohliche Erkrankungen, bei denen es – trotz sehr guter Behandlungsmethoden – Versorgungslücken gibt. Hierzu tragen Vorbehalte gegen eine leitlinienkonforme pharmako- und/oder psychotherapeutische Behandlung bei. Ziel der Arbeit ist es zu ermitteln, in welchen soziodemographischen Bevölkerungssegmenten diese Vorbehalte besonders ausgeprägt sind.

Methodik
Die Untersuchung basiert auf Online-Befragungen der deutschen Bevölkerung aus den Jahren 2021, 2020 und 2019, darunter 1656 Personen (2021), 1775 Personen (2020) und 1729 Personen (2019) ohne Depressionserfahrungen. Mit einer CHAID-Analyse wurde geprüft, in welchen Bevölkerungssegmenten die Vorbehalte gegen eine leitliniengerechte Behandlung besonders groß sind.

Ergebnisse
Vorbehalte gegen Pharmakotherapie hatten insgesamt 69,8 % der Befragten ohne Depressionserfahrungen. Am größten waren die Vorbehalte unter jüngeren Personen (< 40 Jahre); hier lag der Anteil bei 74,2 %. Vorbehalte gegen Psychotherapie äußerten 31,4 % ohne Depressionserfahrungen; unter Frauen mit geringerer Schulbildung hatten 40,5 % Vorbehalte gegen eine Psychotherapie; unter Männern mit geringerer Schulbildung waren es 39,1 %. Vorbehalte gegen beide Behandlungsformen zeigten 27,7 %. Am größten waren die Vorbehalte unter Männern mit Schulbildung unterhalb der Hochschulreife (34,1 %). Die Ergebnisse sind signifikant (χ2-Test, p < 0,05).

Diskussion
Eine allgemeine Informationsstrategie wäre geeignet, Vorbehalten gegen Pharmakotherapie und Psychotherapie gleichermaßen zu verringern. Für eine spezifische Informationsstrategie müssen die Botschaften hinsichtlich Inhalt und Kommunikationskanälen so gestaltet werden, dass die jüngere Zielgruppe zuverlässig erreicht wird.
Patterned injuries from screwdrivers
Authors: Byard Roger W 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 40-year-old man was stabbed multiple times with a cross-tipped, Phillips head screwdriver with many of the puncture wounds characterized by a cruciate pattern consistently measuring approximately 5 × 5 mm corresponding to the shape of the weapon. Death was due to a single penetrating wound to the chest that had transfixed the aorta. This report characterizes the features of injuries that may be inflicted by Phillips head screwdrivers, contrasting this with injuries that may occur if the weapon is a flat or slotted head screwdriver. Given their ready availability, ease of handling, and sharpness, screwdrivers are surprisingly rarely used in fatal assaults.
Stages in Theory and Experiment. Fuzzy-Structuralism and Piagetian Stages
Authors: Winstanley Mark A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe theory of stages in cognitive development is one of Jean Piaget’s enduring legacies, but it has also borne the brunt of much criticism. It maintains that intelligence develops in an invariant sequence of stages, and, in this paper, I situate Piaget’s conceptions of stages historically and functionally in the context of genetic epistemology, his research programme. I highlight some of the objections raised, and I show how the disparity between the conceptions of theoretical and empirical stages in Piaget’s theory is commensurate with the fuzzy-structuralist model of the relationship between theory and empirical research conceived by Rudolf Seising on the basis of Lofti A. Zadeh’s fuzzy set theory. Further, I propose a fuzzy conception of the notion ‘stage’, which not only captures its ordinary use in fuzzy space between theory and empirical research but also does justice to both the construct validity and quantitative variability of stages in empirical research. I therefore open a fuzzy-structuralist perspective on the Crisis of Variability afflicting Piaget’s stage theory during the 1970s and conclude retrospectively that the rift it caused was not necessary since the invariance and variability of stages is not irreconcilable.
General Attitudes Towards Robots Scale (GAToRS): A New Instrument for Social Surveys
Authors: Koverola Mika , Kunnari Anton , Sundvall Jukka , Laakasuo Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPsychometric scales are useful tools in understanding people’s attitudes towards different aspects of life. As societies develop and new technologies arise, new validated scales are needed. Robots and artificial intelligences of various kinds are about to occupy just about every niche in human society. Several tools to measure fears and anxieties about robots do exist, but there is a definite lack of tools to measure hopes and expectations for these new technologies. Here, we create and validate a novel multi-dimensional scale which measures people’s attitudes towards robots, giving equal weight to positive and negative attitudes. Our scale differentiates (a) comfort and enjoyment around robots, (b) unease and anxiety around robots, (c) rational hopes about robots in general (at societal level) and (d) rational worries about robots in general (at societal level). The scale was developed by extracting items from previous scales, crowdsourcing new items, testing through 3 scale iterations by exploratory factor analysis (Ns 135, 801 and 609) and validated in its final form of the scale by confirmatory factor analysis (N: 477). We hope our scale will be a useful instrument for social scientists who wish to study human-technology relations with a validated scale in efficient and generalizable ways.
Screening and Characterization of Some Lactobacillaceae for Detection of Cholesterol-Lowering Activities
Authors: Frappier Martin , Auclair Julie , Bouasker Samir , Gunaratnam Sathursha , Diarra Carine , Millette Mathieu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDyslipidemia, specifically abnormal levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Evidence showing the promising abilities of probiotics to lower total cholesterol or LDL-C has, however, not yet convinced experts to recommend probiotic bacteria as treatment for blood lipid management. Therefore, there are opportunities for the development of new efficient cholesterol-lowering probiotics. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and feruloyl esterase (FAE) are bacterial enzymes proposed to explain the cholesterol-lowering capacity of some bacteria and have both been shown to be responsible for lipid reduction in vivo. Here, in order to select for cholesterol-lowering bacteria, 70 strains related to Lactobacillaceae were screened for BSH and FAE activities. Based on this two-way screening approach, two bacteria were selected and assessed for their capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro, another suggested mechanism. Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 showed BSH and FAE activity as well as capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CHOL-200 exhibited BSH activity and ability to assimilate cholesterol. These properties observed in vitro make both strains good probiotic candidates for the management of dyslipidemia. Further investigation is needed to assess their ability to reduce blood cholesterol in human trial.
Minusgrade, Schulden, Tauchtiefen – Spezifizierung von Sprachmitteln zur Einführung negativer Zahlen
Authors: Fabian Melina 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDass Mathematikleistung und Sprachkompetenz sich wechselseitig beeinflussen, konnte in diversen Studien zum Zusammenhang beider Dimensionen herausgefunden werden. Der fach- und sprachintegrierte Ansatz des sprachbildenden Vorstellungsaufbaus begegnet diesen Herausforderungen durch die systematische Verknüpfung von Sprachschatzarbeit mit dem Aufbau inhaltlicher Vorstellungen. Exemplarisch für die Einführung der negativen Zahlen soll dieser Beitrag zeigen, wie potenzielle sprachliche Hürden ausgehend von den fachlichen Anforderungen des Lerngegenstands identifiziert werden können. Hierfür wurden die thematisch relevanten Kapitel aus vier in Berlin und Brandenburg häufig eingesetzten Schulbüchern inhaltsanalytisch untersucht. Die in den Schulbüchern verwendeten bedeutungs-, formal- und kontextbezogenen Sprachmittel (Wörter, Phrasen, grafische Darstellungen) wurden theoriegeleitet inventarisiert und kategorisiert. Das induktiv ausdifferenzierte Kategoriensystem bildet einen umfangreichen, themenspezifischen Sprachschatz ab und zeigt Anknüpfungspunkte für einen intendierten sprachlichen Lernpfad auf. Gleichzeitig lassen sich potenzielle sprachliche Hürden bei der Einführung negativer Zahlen ableiten, die eng an die fachlichen Hürden geknüpft zu sein scheinen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Komplexität des inventarisierten Sprachschatzes vor allem durch eine in den Lehrwerken dargestellte Kontextvielfalt erhöht wird, im Rahmen derer zahlreiche bedeutungsähnliche Sprachmittel mit ihren Antonymen auftreten.
In Defence of Pre-Reflective Self-Consciousness: The Heidelberg View
Authors: Frank Manfred 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the 1960s, a school formed in Heidelberg around Dieter Henrich that criticized—with reference to J. G. Fichte—the ‘reflection model’ of self-consciousness according to which self-consciousness consists in a representational relation between two mental states or the self-representation of a mental state. I present a new “Heidelberg perspective” of pre-reflective self-consciousness. According to this new approach, self-consciousness occurs in two varieties which regularly are not sufficiently distinguished: The first variety is egological self-consciousness that exists in connection with the use of concepts. It consists in the consciousness of having an awareness of oneself as the Ego of a conscious state. The second variety is anonymous pre-reflective self-consciousness, which is awareness of consciousness but does not contain egological information. The pre-reflective self-consciousness does not exhibit a subject-object structure and thus cannot be appropriately determined as a representation, self-representation, or even acquaintance relation. Rather, anonymous self-consciousness is characterized by an indistinction of subject and object. However, pre-reflective self-consciousness is the basis of egological self-consciousness.
Amelioration of high-fat diet (HFD) + CCl4 induced NASH/NAFLD in CF-1 mice by activation of SIRT-1 using cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives: in-silico molecular modelling and in-vivo prediction
Authors: Sodum Nalini , Rao Vanishree , Cheruku Sri Pragnya , Kumar Gautam , Sankhe Runali , Kishore Anoop , Kumar Nitesh , Rao C. Mallikarjuna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major hepatic metabolic disorders that occurs because of the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes in the form of free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) which become non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NOTCH-1 receptors act as novel targets for the development of NAFLD/NASH, where overexpression of NOTCH-1 receptor alters the lipid metabolism in hepatocytes leading to NAFLD. SIRT-1 deacetylates the NOTCH-1 receptor and inhibits NAFLD. Hence, computer-aided drug design (CADD) was used to check the SIRT-1 activation ability of cinnamic sulfonyl hydroxamate derivatives (NMJ 1–8), resveratrol, and vorinostat. SIRT-1 (PDB ID: 5BTR) was docked with eight hydroxamate derivatives and vorinostat using Schrödinger software. Based on binding energy obtained (– 26.31 to – 47.34 kcal/mol), vorinostat, NMJ-2, NMJ-3, NMJ-5 were selected for induced-fit docking (IFD) and results were within – 750.70 to – 753.22 kcal/mol. Qikprop tool was used to analyse the pre pharmacokinetic parameters (ADME analysis) of all hydroxamate compounds. As observed in the molecular dynamic (MD) study, NMJ-2, NMJ-3 were showing acceptable results for activation of SIRT-1. Based on these predictions, in-vivo studies were conducted in CF1 mice, where NMJ-3 showed significant (p < 0.05) changes in lipid profile and anti-oxidant parameters (Catalase, SOD, GSH, nitrite, and LPO) and plasma insulin levels. NMJ-3 treatment also reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and necrosis in liver samples.
Treatment response in children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa: a naturalistic, case–control study
Authors: Pruccoli Jacopo , Pettenuzzo Ilaria , Parmeggiani Antonia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although a few recent articles describe adults with treatment-resistant anorexia nervosa (TR-AN), no study addresses the specific features of subjects not responding to treatment in the developmental age. This study reports on the clinical and psychopathological variables that distinguish children and adolescents who did not respond to treatment (here “TR-AN”) from good-outcome controls, in a multidisciplinary hospital treatment setting.

Methods
Naturalistic, case–control study conducted on individuals showing lack of response to treatment and good-outcome controls. TR-AN was defined as two or more incomplete admissions and no complete admissions, consistently with studies in adults. Good-outcome was defined as complete first admission, availability for follow-up visit after 6 months, and maintaining at follow-up a %BMI > 70% in the absence of binging or purging in the preceding 3 months. Psychopathological (Eating Disorders Inventory-3 EDI-3; Beck Depression Inventory-II), clinical, and treatment variables at admission were compared. Significant differences in the univariate analyses were included in an exploratory binary logistic regression.

Results
Seventy-six patients (30 TR-AN, 46 good-outcome AN controls) were enrolled (mean age 14.9 ± 1.9 years, F = 94.7%). TR-AN individuals had a higher age at admission and higher EDI-3 Eating Disorder Risk (EDRC) scores, were treated less frequently with a nasogastric tube (NGT), and achieved a lower BMI improvement at discharge than good-outcome controls. A predictive model for TR-AN status was found (X2 = 19.116; Nagelkerke-R2 = 0.478, p < 0.001), and age at admission (OR = 0.460, p = 0.019), EDI-3 EDRC (OR = 0.938, p = 0.043), and NGT (OR = 8.003, p = 0.019) were associated with a TR-AN status.

Conclusions
This is the first report on the psychopathological and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents not responding to treatment. These patients showed higher age and eating disorder scores, and were less frequently fed with NGT than controls. Despite the multiple incomplete admissions of our subjects, the short included follow-up limits the possibility for direct comparisons with adult samples of treatment-resistant patients. Thus, the specific features of children and adolescents with TR-AN should be assessed in longitudinal studies.

Level of evidence
III, Observational, case–control study.
The Contours and Limits of Environmental Remediation Under the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
Authors: Evans Christopher P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe entry into force of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) in January 2021 has sparked analysis of the so-called ‘positive obligations’ under Article 6, requiring states parties to address prior harm caused by the testing or use of nuclear weapons to both individuals and the environment. But although there has been much discussion of victim assistance under Article 6(1), there has been comparatively little assessment of the environmental remediation obligation under Article 6(2) that requires affected states to remediate areas contaminated by the past testing or use of nuclear weapons through ‘necessary and appropriate measures’. This article represents an attempt to begin filling this lacuna by considering various issues and questions concerning the scope and limits of the environmental remediation obligation established by Article 6(2). Specifically, this article identifies the geographical scope of application of Article 6(2) to illustrate precisely where TPNW parties’ remediation efforts should be applied, considers the meaning and underlying objectives of ‘remediation’ activities required by Article 6(2), and finally examines certain facets concerning the temporal dimension of the environmental remediation provision. Ultimately, this discussion aims to clarify the contours of the environmental remediation provision of the TPNW, and hopes to offer practical insight for states parties and encourage further consideration of the operationalisation of Article 6(2) in due course.
Highly Thermally Conductive Polymer/Graphene Composites with Rapid Room-Temperature Self-Healing Capacity
Authors: Yu Huitao , Chen Can , Sun Jinxu , Zhang Heng , Feng Yiyu , Qin Mengmeng , Feng Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComposites that can rapidly self-healing their structure and function at room temperature have broad application prospects. However, in view of the complexity of composite structure and composition, its self-heal is facing challenges. In this article, supramolecular effect is proposed to repair the multistage structure, mechanical and thermal properties of composite materials. A stiff and tough supramolecular frameworks of 2-[[(butylamino)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester (PBA)–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were established using a chain extender with double amide bonds in a side chain to extend prepolymers through copolymerization. Then, by introducing the copolymer into a folded graphene film (FGf), a highly thermally conductive composite of PBA–PDMS/FGf with self-healing capacity was fabricated. The ratio of crosslinking and hydrogen bonding was optimized to ensure that PBA–PDMS could completely self-heal at room temperature in 10 min. Additionally, PBA–PDMS/FGf exhibits a high tensile strength of 2.23 ± 0.15 MPa at break and high thermal conductivity of 13 ± 0.2 W m−1 K−1; of which the self-healing efficiencies were 100% and 98.65% at room temperature for tensile strength and thermal conductivity, respectively. The excellent self-healing performance comes from the efficient supramolecular interaction between polymer molecules, as well as polymer molecule and graphene. This kind of thermal conductive self-healing composite has important application prospects in the heat dissipation field of next generation electronic devices in the future.