bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre- and Post-anthesis Deficit Irrigation of Corn in the West Central Great Plains— Working with Less Water
Authors: Schlegel Alan , Lamm Freddie , Assefa Yared 
Published: October 2022

HighlightsConcentrating deficit irrigation during the post-anthesis period optimized grain yield and water productivity, while minimizing the seasonal irrigation amount.Corn grain yields were not greatly affected by deficit irrigation strategy, but irrigation amounts varied as much as 62%.Seeding rates ranging from 62,000 to 74,000 corn plants per hectare were acceptable under deficit irrigation.Corn hybrid effects were not consistent across years and location.Abstract. A three-year study (2018 to 2020) was conducted in west central and northwestern Kansas on silt loam soils to determine corn grain yield and yield component response, water use, and crop water productivity as affected by irrigation capacity and timing, corn hybrid, and seeding rate. A range of four irrigation treatments concentrated greater application amounts in either the pre-anthesis or post-anthesis period. The Pre-38 treatment applied 38 mm weekly pre-anthesis as needed (limited by weather-based scheduling) and only applied 38 mm every two weeks during the post-anthesis period. The Pre-25 treatment applied 25 mm weekly as needed pre-anthesis, followed by 25 mm applications every two weeks post anthesis. Post-38 and Post-25 treatments had application amounts similar to Pre-38 and Pre-25, respectively, but had the weekly applications concentrated during the post anthesis period and less frequent (every two weeks) applications pre-anthesis. Two corn hybrids (Pioneer 1197 and Pioneer 0801) were planted at seeding rates of 62 and 74 thousand seeds ha-1. Averaged across location and year, the Pre-25 irrigation treatment had approximately 5% less yield than the other three treatments but received approximately 28% less irrigation. Overall, when averaged across all irrigation, hybrid and seeding rate treatments, the yield components of kernels ear-1 and kernel mass varied approximately 2% and 3%, respectively and were responsible for nearly all of the grain yield variation. The Pre-25 and Post-25 treatment had the greatest water productivity and generally had similar yields to the other deficit irrigation treatments and thus should be considered as effective strategies to reduce irrigation in this region. Seeding corn at 74 thousand seeds ha-1 increased yield only 2% compared with 62 thousand seeds ha-1 indicating that a considerable range of seeding rates produce similar yields when using deficit irrigation strategies in this region. Hybrid effects were not consistent across years and locations. Keywords: Crop water productivity, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation scheduling, Limited irrigation, Maize.
A Study on the Whole-skin Peeling System of a Snakehead Based on Three-dimensional Reconstruction
Authors: Zhao Ming Yan , Lin Min , Xu Peng 
Published: October 2022

HighlightsA 3D reconstruction algorithm is proposed to determine the snakehead area.The whole-skin peeling system of snakehead is designed by a convolutional neural network.An automatic whole-skin peeling device is presented with computer vision technology.Abstract. A whole-skin peeling system for a snakehead is designed in this article. The snakehead photos are taken from multiple angles and are first filtered to extract the image features, before reconstructing the sparse model. Then, the characteristic parameters of the snakehead are determined through the point cloud coordinates, and dense reconstruction is carried out based on sparse points. The accurate three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the snakehead are obtained by the octree algorithm and Poisson surface reconstruction algorithm. Based on the triangular meshing algorithm, the skin area of a snakehead is calculated to determine whether the snakehead meets the peeling conditions. A trained Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) is used to identify the fin position on the snakehead reconstruction model and program the cutting route on the fish neck, while the cutting route of the fish belly is determined by selecting the area of the excretory hole through the ROI region of interest. Finally, the designed mechanical structure is used to peel the whole skin of the snakehead. The experimental results show that the maximum fluctuation rate of the snakehead area calculated by the proposed three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is less than 4.0%, and the accuracy reaches 87.3%. The average precision (AP) for the determination method of the fish neck cutting position on the snakehead is 90.89%, which proves the effectiveness and feasibility of this method. The present results provide useful technical support for automating fish whole-skin peeling and shedding light on the accurate determination of the surface area and the extrication of the morphological feature parameters of other organisms. Keywords: Neural network, Point cloud, Snakehead, Skin peeling, Three-dimensional reconstruction.
Using NDVI for Variable Rate Cotton Irrigation Prescriptions
Authors: Stone Ken , Billman Eric D. , Bauer Philip J. , Sigua Gilbert 
Published: October 2022

HighlightsCrop coefficients (Kcb) were calculated using Normalized Difference Vegetative Indices (NDVI) and compared to the FAO-56 method.Cotton yields using NDVI-Kcb based irrigation scheduling to a uniform checkbook irrigation were compared.Irrigated cotton yields were not significantly different between irrigation methods but were significantly higher in years requiring higher volumes of irrigation water.Cotton fiber quality was not significantly different for the two irrigation methods or plant populations.Abstract. Irrigation timing is crucial for achieving high cotton yields and lint quality. This irrigation timing is more challenging in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain region due to its spatial variable sandy soils with low water and nutrient holding capacities and rainfall variability during the growing season. To address these challenges, we conducted a 2-year (2017 and 2018) study evaluating two irrigation scheduling methods under a variable rate irrigation system. The two irrigation methods were: (1) a uniform irrigation management based on weekly crop water usage, and (2) spatial crop coefficients derived from normalized difference vegetative indices (NDVI). We compared cotton yields and water use efficiency using the two irrigation scheduling methods at two different planting densities. The two plant populations were 5 and 11.5 plants m2 to provide different NDVI readings and water requirements. In 2017, there were no significant differences in cotton yields due to the adequate rainfall during the growing season that required only three irrigations events. The mean irrigation depth for the NDVI method was significantly lower than the uniform method (56 and 64 mm, respectively, LSD = 4.2). In 2018, there was lower rainfall during the growing season requiring eight irrigation events and the cotton yields in the two irrigation treatments were significantly higher than the rainfed treatment. Irrigation depths in 2018 were not significantly different for the two irrigation methods. Water use efficiencies were not significantly different for the two irrigation methods. The planting density had little impact on the cotton yields, irrigation depth, water use efficiency, or cotton fiber quality. These results indicate that the NDVI-derived crop coefficient values were as effective in prescribing irrigation applications as the uniform irrigation method for irrigation management. The NDVI-derived crop coefficient irrigation method appears to be a useful tool for managing irrigation and developing irrigation prescriptions. Keywords: Cotton, Irrigation scheduling, Normalized difference vegetation indices, Variable rate irrigation
Phase noise mitigation of the microwave-to-photonic conversion process using feedback on the laser current
Authors: Teyssieux Damien , Boudot Rodolphe , Fluhr Christophe , Millo Jacques 
Published: October 2022

The generation and transfer of ultra-stable microwave signals are of paramount importance in numerous applications spanning from radar systems to communications and metrology. We demonstrate residual phase noise mitigation at 10 GHz of a directly modulated laser system through active control of the laser bias current. The latter is tuned to a finely selected point, where the current-to-phase dependence, measured at several microwave power and frequency values, is maximized. A residual phase noise of

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Ultrawideband metamaterial absorber for oblique incidence using characteristic mode analysis
Authors: Gao Kun , Cao Xiangyu , Gao Jun , Li Tong , Yang Huanhuan , Li Sijia 
Published: October 2022

An ultrawideband, polarization-insensitive, metamaterial absorber for oblique angle of incidence is presented using characteristic mode analysis. The absorber consists of conductive meander square loops and symmetric bent metallic strips, which are embedded with lumped resistors. With the aid of modal currents and modal weighting coefficients, the positions of the lumped resistors are determined. After that, the equivalent circuit (EC) model and admittance formula are proposed and analyzed to further understand the working principle and ultrawide bandwidth. The proposed absorber measures an absorption bandwidth of 4.3–26.5 GHz (144.1% in fractional bandwidth) for 90% absorptivity under normal incidence. At the oblique angle of incidence of 45°, the bandwidth of 90% absorptivity is still 5.1–21.3 GHz (122.72%) for transverse electric (TE) polarization, and 6.8–29.5 GHz (125.07%) for transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. The good agreement among simulation, measurement, and EC calculation demonstrates the validity of the proposed method and indicates that the method can be applied to other microwave and optical frequency bands. The proposed metamaterial absorber can be widely applied in electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic interference, radar stealth, and biomedical detection.
Management of febrile illness in rural Guinea over a seven-year period: A retrospective study
Authors: Kourouma Karifa , Grovogui Fassou Mathias , Delamou Alexandre , Chérif Mahamoud Sama , Ingelbeen Brecht , Beavogui Abdoul Habib , van Griensven Johan , Bottieau Emmanuel 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
Febrile illnesses constitute a major clinical challenge in tropical settings. We aimed to assess the frequency, presentation and management of febrile illness at two health facilities in Forécariah, Guinea, with a focus on appropriateness of antibiotic prescription.

Materials and methods
This was a retrospective study conducted in patient files in a health center and a district hospital. Proportions of antibiotic prescription were determined by age group and syndromes as well as appropriateness of antibiotic prescription using the WHO model list (2019).

Results
From 2014 to 2020, 23,583 of 62,185 (38.0%) visits were related to febrile illness. Most patients with fever were female (56.1%) and evaluated at the health center (81.0%). Gastrointestinal (40.6%) and respiratory syndromes (36.8%), and undifferentiated fever (30.0%) were the most common presentations. Malaria was confirmed in 61.3% of the cohort. Overall, the rate of antibiotic prescription was high (14,834/23,583, 62.9%), mostly among patients aged <5 years (5,285/7,566, 69.9%), those with respiratory (7,577/8,684, 87.3%) and gastrointestinal (6,324/9,585, 66.0%) syndromes. Moreover, 7,432/14,465 (51.4%) patients with malaria were also prescribed an antibiotic. Penicillin (42.0%), cotrimoxazole (26.3%) and quinolones (18.7%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics. Overall, appropriateness of antibiotic prescription was low (38.3%), and even more so in patients with respiratory (29.1%) and gastrointestinal (25.8%) syndromes.

Conclusions
Febrile illness is a major cause of consultation in rural Guinea. Rate of antibiotic prescription was high, even in confirmed malaria and was often considered inappropriate. There is a pressing need to investigate the etiological spectrum and improve the diagnostic approach of febrile illness in Guinea.
Mental health resources and its equity in Central South of China: A case study of Hunan Province
Authors: Luo Bang-An , Li Sheng , Chen Si , Qin Lu-Lu , Chen Yi-Wei , Shu Man-Ling , Liao Xin-Yi 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Mental health resources are an important basis for coping with mental health services. The equity is an important index of a reasonable allocation of health resources. This study aims to evaluate the mental health resources and its equity allocation in Hunan Province, which is one of the typical central south areas of China, so as to provide reference for the development of mental health in China and other areas.

Methods
Data related to mental health resources was obtained from the Project of Mental Health Resources in Hunan Province, which was conducted by the Department of Hunan Mental Health Center in 2019. The Gini coefficient, the Theil index and other indicators were employed to quantitatively evaluate the equity of mental health resources’ allocation.

Results
By the end of 2018, there were a total of 141 mental health institutions in Hunan Province of China, the bed density was 5.31 beds per 10,000 people, the ratio of doctors to nurses was 2.20, the number of outpatients of mental health institutions was 1288,047 per year. The mental health resources’ allocation in terms of demographic dimension were in a preferred status with the Gini values all less than 0.3, and the Gini values for mental health resources`allocation in terms of geographical dimension ranged from 0.24 to 0.35. The Theil index for mental health allocation in terms of demographic dimension was lower than 0.05, and the Theil index for mental health allocation in terms of geographical dimension ranged from 0.04 to 0.11.

Conclusions
The shortage of mental health resources is still the priority issue to be increased and optimized by policy-makers in Hunan in the future, especially the human resources. Moreover, the utilization of mental health resources was low though its equity was fair. Policy-makers need to consider the high utilization and geographical accessibility of health resources among different regions to ensure people in different regions could get access to available health services.
Potential of Himalayan Medicinal Plants in Advancing Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering
Authors: Khan Shaista , Masoodi Dr. T. H. , Islam Dr. M. A. , Pala Dr. N. A. , Raja Azeem 
Published: October 2022

•Shortage of donor tissues and organs has been recognized as one of the major challenges to public health care. Moreover, the total cost incurred in terms of caring for the patients with failing organs and devitalizing diseases is exorbitant.
•In contrast, natural products extracted from plants primarily medicinal plants do not have such shortcomings.
•Temperate forests of Kashmir Himalayas are endowed with a rich diversity of 82 medicinal plants utilized to cure various diseases.
•Although, these plants have been reported to have value in burn, wound, fracture healing, ageing therapeutics and medications, it therefore could be useful in regenerative medicine and could also generate biomedical markets.
Diagnosis and Management of Drug-Induced Liver Injury After the Use of Polygonum multiflorum
Authors: Zahir Ali , Li Michael , Gill Ryan M. , Brandman Danielle 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Polygonum multiflorum, a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family, is widely used in alternative medicine. However, a growing body of literature has implicated P. multiflorum as a cause of drug-induced liver injury. We report a case of successful treatment of a drug-induced liver injury after consumption of an herbal tea containing P. multiflorum.
Anterior and Posterior Pulmonary Cusp Augmentation in the Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Tasoglu Irfan , Turkcan Basak Soran , Tumer Naim Boran , Atalay Atakan , Eris Deniz 
Published: October 2022

Background
In this retrospective study, we compared the results from 2 pulmonary valve augmentation techniques in patients undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

Methods
Between 2015 and 2018, 18 patients had anterior pulmonary valve repair at our institution, and 26 patients had both anterior and posterior pulmonary valve repair.

Results
Patients ranged from 6 months to 30 years of age. The median follow-up period was 8 months in the anterior augmentation group and 5 months in the anterior and posterior augmentation group. Postoperative echocardiograms indicated that only 2 patients (11%) in the anterior augmentation group had moderate or severe pulmonary insufficiency, compared with no patients in the anterior and posterior augmentation group. At follow-up, pulmonary insufficiency was seen in 3 patients (17%) in the anterior augmentation group and no patients in the anterior and posterior augmentation group.

Conclusion
Reconstruction of the native pulmonary valve accompanied by pulmonary cusp augmentation can decrease or even circumvent postoperative pulmonary insufficiency. Both anterior augmentation and anterior and posterior augmentation techniques are easily applied; however, we believe that the anterior and posterior augmentation technique is superior in terms of early postoperative and follow-up pulmonary insufficiency outcomes.
Association Between Ischemic Stroke and Left Atrial Appendage Morphology in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Low CHA2DS2-VASc Scores
Authors: Huang Kan , Wen Haitao , Liu Canjun 
Published: October 2022

Background
Patients with atrial fibrillation are at risk for ischemic stroke, even with low CHA2DS2-VASc scores. The left atrial appendage is a known site of thrombus formation in individuals with atrial fibrillation.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study, enrolling patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2-VASc scores of 0 or 1. Patients were divided into groups based on left atrial appendage morphology (determined by computed tomography): the “chicken wing” group and the non–chicken wing group. We followed patients for more than 1 year to observe the incidence of stroke.

Results
Of 509 patients with a mean (SD) age of 48.9 (11.6) years; 332 (65.2%) were men. The chicken wing group had fewer left atrial appendage lobes, a lower left atrial appendage depth, and a smaller left atrial appendage orifice area (all P < .001). During the follow-up period, 5 of the 133 patients (3.8%) in the chicken wing group and 56 of the 376 patients (14.9%) in the non–chicken wing group experienced ischemic stroke (P < .001). The following findings were significantly associated with the incidence of stroke: left atrial appendage depth (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.67-3.12; P = .03), left atrial appendage orifice area (HR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.59–3.13; P < .001), and non–chicken wing left atrial appendage morphology (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.10–1.23; P < .001).

Conclusion
For patients with atrial fibrillation and a low CHA2DS2-VASc score, the non–chicken wing left atrial appendage morphology type is independently associated with ischemic stroke.
Impact of Active and Historical Cancers on the Management and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicating Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Patlolla Sri Harsha , Bhat Anusha G. , Sundaragiri Pranathi R. , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Doshi Rajkumar P. , Siddappa Malleshappa Sudeep K. , Pasupula Deepak K. , Jaber Wissam A. , Nicholson William J. , Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra 
Published: October 2022

Background
There are limited data on the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction–cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) in patients with concomitant cancer.

Methods
A retrospective cohort of adult AMI-CS admissions was identified from the National Inpatient Sample (2000–2017) and stratified by active cancer, historical cancer, and no cancer. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, use of coronary angiography, use of percutaneous coronary intervention, do-not-resuscitate status, palliative care use, hospitalization costs, and hospital length of stay.

Results
Of the 557,974 AMI-CS admissions during this 18-year period, active and historical cancers were noted in 14,826 (2.6%) and 27,073 (4.8%), respectively. From 2000 to 2017, there was a decline in active cancers (adjusted odds ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.63–0.79]; P < .001) and an increase in historical cancer (adjusted odds ratio, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.89–2.25]; P < .001). Compared with patients with no cancer, patients with active and historical cancer received less-frequent coronary angiography (57%, 67%, and 70%, respectively) and percutaneous coronary intervention (40%, 47%, and 49%%, respectively) and had higher do-not-resuscitate status (13%, 15%, 7%%, respectively) and palliative care use (12%, 10%, 6%%, respectively) (P < .001). Compared with those without cancer, higher in-hospital mortality was found in admissions with active cancer (45.9% vs 37.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.24–1.34]; P < .001) but not historical cancer (40.1% vs 37.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.98–1.04]; P = .39). AMI-CS admissions with cancer had a shorter hospitalization duration and lower costs (all P < .001).

Conclusion
Concomitant cancer was associated with less use of guideline-directed procedures. Active, but not historical, cancer was associated with higher mortality in patients with AMI-CS.
Hare or Hedgehog? The Role of Law in Shaping Current Technological Trends in the Securities Post-trading System
Authors: Droll Thomas , Minto Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article examines current technological trends in the securities post-trading system and the role of law in shaping these developments. Against this backdrop, we analyse (i) recent initiatives that aim at technologically improving the traditional post-trade system, (ii) projects that aim at enhancing the efficiency of post-trade processes related to traditional securities by using distributed ledger technology and (iii) post-trade issues related to the rise of crypto-assets and decentralised finance. We argue that the current role of law in shaping these technological trends is different in these three contexts. Regarding crypto-assets, the law can be likened to the hare in the Brother Grimms’ well-known fairy tale: It struggles in vain to keep up with developers in the crypto-asset system (who represent the hedgehog in the fairy tale). With regard to projects that aim at bringing distributed ledger technology to the post-trading of traditional securities, the roles are, in our view, reversed – the law plays the role of the hedgehog that, maybe unfairly, prevents the innovators (the hare) from succeeding. Finally, as regards two important technological trends in the traditional post-trading system that we analyse in this article different relationships emerge: In one case, the law (as hedgehog) “coaches” the industry (as hare) in its quest to implement technological improvements. In the other case, the law (as hedgehog) needs to prod the industry (the hare) into relevant action.