bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondhand Smoke in the Workplace Is Associated With Depression in Korean Workers
Authors: Kim Seunghan , Oh Juyeon , Yun Byungyoon , Cho Ara , Sim Juho , Yoon Jin-Ha 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSmoking negatively affects health, and previous studies argue that secondhand smoke (SHS) has a significantly negative health effect. We investigated whether SHS in the workplace influences workers' depression.MethodsThree years of data (2014, 2016, and 2018) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Participants who were not current smokers were classified into the occupational SHS exposed and non-exposed groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by adjusting various covariates. Stratified analysis with variables, such as year, sex, occupational classification, average working hours, was additionally performed.ResultsThe crude ORs of depression was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.27–1.80), and the fully adjusted OR with all the covariates was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.30–1.88). This indicated a significant relationship between occupational SHS and depression. The ORs increased every 2 years: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.79–1.44) in 2014, 1.88 (95% CI: 1.34–2.64) in 2016, and 2.07 (95% CI: 1.43–2.99) in year 2018. Stratification analysis also showed a significant association between SHS and depression among those in the prolonged work hours group and male employees, as well as blue- and white-collar workers.ConclusionSHS in the workplace was significantly associated with workers' depression. Our study provides insights into the impact of exposure to SHS for workers and provides a basis for further research and policy-making in this field.
Dietary diversity, food insecurity and the double burden of malnutrition among children, adolescents and adults in South Africa: Findings from a national survey
Authors: Harper Abigail , Goudge Jane , Chirwa Esnat , Rothberg Alan , Sambu Winnie , Mall Sumaya 
Published: September 2022

Childhood stunting remains a global public health problem. Many stunted children live in the same household as overweight or obese adults (the so-called double burden of malnutrition), evidence that quality as well as quantity of food is important. In recent years, food security measurement has shifted away from anthropometry (e.g., stunting) to experiential measures (e.g., self-reported hunger). However, given the continued problem of stunting, it is important that national surveys identify malnutrition.ObjectivesTo examine the associations between a variety of food security indicators, including dietary diversity, with adult, child (0–4 years) (5–9 years) and adolescent (10–17 years) anthropometry. To estimate the prevalence of double burden households.MethodsThe study utilized cross-sectional data from the South African National Income Dynamics Survey NIDS (2008). We examined the associations between five food security indicators and anthropometry outcomes. The indicators were adult and child hunger in the household, self-reported household food sufficiency, food expenditure&gt;60% of monthly expenditure and household dietary diversity. Multinomial and logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations with adult BMI categories and children's stunting and BMI.ResultsThe prevalence of stunting was 18.4% and the prevalence of wasting and overweight was 6.8 and 10.4%, respectively. Children &lt;5 and adolescents with medium dietary diversity were significantly more likely to be stunted than children with high dietary diversity. Among children &lt;5, child hunger and medium dietary diversity were significantly associated with wasting. None of the food security indicators were associated with stunting in children aged 5–9. Among stunted children, 70.2% lived with an overweight or obese adult. Among adults, increased dietary diversity increased the risk of overweight and obesity.ConclusionDietary diversity can be used as a proxy for poor nutritional status among children &lt;5 years and adolescents but the relationship between dietary diversity and adult obesity is more complex. Given the double burden of malnutrition in many low- and middle-income countries, indicators of dietary quality remain important. These tools can be further refined to include an extra category for processed foods. Given the relative simplicity to collect this data, national surveys would be improved by its inclusion.
A study on the prevalence and related factors of frailty and pre-frailty in the older population with diabetes in China: A national cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Xuezhai , Jia Na , Meng Lingbing , Shi Jing , Li Yingying , Hu Xing , Hu Jiabin , Xu Hongxuan , Li Jianyi , Li Hui , Qi Xin , Wang Hua , Zhang Qiuxia , Li Juan , Liu Deping 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty and its associated factors in Chinese older adults with diabetes through a nationwide cross-sectional study.Research design and methodsThe data were obtained from the Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban and Rural China (SSAPUR), conducted in 2015, which was a cross-sectional study involving a nationally representative sample of older adults aged 60 years or more from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China. Subjects with diabetes were included in this study. Frailty index (FI), based on 33 potential deficits, was used to categorize individuals as robust, pre-frail, or frail.ResultsA total of 18,010 older adults with diabetes were included in this study. The weighted prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in older adults with diabetes in China was 22.7% (95% CI 22.1–23.3%) and 58.5% (95% CI 57.8–59.2%), respectively. The prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty among older adults with diabetes from different provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions was significantly different. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed living alone, poor economic status, ADL disability, and comorbidities were strongly correlated with frailty and pre-frailty in older adults with diabetes.ConclusionFrailty and pre-frailty are common in older adults with diabetes in China, and exhibit sociodemographic and geographic differences. In the clinical setting of older adults with diabetes, there is a need to increase awareness of frailty and to advance the early diagnosis and intervention of frailty.
One-and-a-half nostril versus binostril endoscopic transsphenoidal approach to the pituitary adenomas: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhu Junhao , Wen Guodao , Tang Chao , Cong Zixiang , Cai Xiangming , Yang Jin , Ma Chiyuan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundBinostril endoscopic transsphenoidal approach (BETA) is the most used approach for sellar lesions nowadays, while its damage to the nasal structures may cause nasal discomfort and affect nasal functions including respiration and olfaction. With the purpose to improve the post-operative sinonasal quality of life (QoL), we introduced the one-and-a-half nostril endoscopic transsphenoidal approach (OETA) in 2016 which preserved more natural structures and registered a prospective randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR-IOR-16008222) to compare the two approaches regarding the surgical outcomes and complications.MethodsSixty patients with pituitary adenomas were recruited and randomly assigned to the OETA group and the BETA group between April 2016 and May 2017 in Jinling Hospital. The tumor resection rate, endocrinal and visual outcomes, and surgical complications between the OETA and BETA groups were analyzed. Besides, the questionnaire Anterior Skull Base Nasal Inventory-12 (ASK Nasal-12) was used to evaluate patients’ sinonasal QoL at seven time points (pre-operative; 2-weeks, 1-month, 3-months, 6-months, 12-months, and long-term post-operatively). The Sniffin’ Sticks were used to assess patients’ olfactory function objectively in a long term. Each patient was followed for at least 12 months post-operatively.ResultsThere was no significant difference in tumor resection rate, hormonal and visual outcomes, and surgical complications between the two groups. Regarding the ASK Nasal-12, patients in the OETA group complained less about dried nasal material at 2 weeks after surgery (P = 0.017). One month after surgery, the OETA group had better olfaction function (P = 0.019) compared with the BETA group. However, there was no significant difference in early and long-term postoperative sinonasal QoL between the two approaches according to the entire ASK Nasal-12 metric. The results of the Sniffin’ Sticks showed that the two groups had a similar olfactory performance at long-time follow-up.ConclusionIn this single tertiary center trial, the results showed that the OETA achieved the same surgical outcomes and post-operative sinonasal QoL as the BETA.
Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=13852, identifier: ChiCTR-IOR-16008222
Application of Salvage Autologous Blood Transfusion for treating Massive Hemorrhage during Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Li Junying , Jin Hequn , Hu Zhen 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo explore the application value of salvage autologous blood transfusion for massive hemorrhage occurring during ectopic pregnancy.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the basis of the clinical data of patients in our hospital for the period January 2019 to December 2021. These patients were confirmed to have suffered massive hemorrhage from an ectopic pregnancy during surgery and were treated with blood transfusion. The patients were divided according to their blood transfusion method into three groups: an autologous group (n = 46) treated with salvage autologous blood transfusion, a mixed group (n = 28) treated with salvage autologous + allogeneic blood transfusion, and an allogeneic group (n = 41) treated with allogeneic blood transfusion. The volume of intra-abdominal bleeding, the volume of autologous and allogeneic blood transfusion, postoperative fever and blood transfusion reaction, hemodynamic indices [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate (HR)] before and after blood transfusion; 24-h postoperative blood routine [hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), platelets (PLT), red blood cells (RBCs)], and electrolyte indices (Na+, K+, Cl−) were all compared among the three groups.ResultsIt was found that intra-abdominal bleeding volume in the autologous and mixed groups was higher than that in the allogeneic group (p &lt; 0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the autologous and the mixed groups (p &gt; 0.05). Autologous blood transfusion volume in the autologous group was higher than that in the mixed group (p &lt; 0.05). Allogeneic blood transfusion volume in the allogeneic group was higher than that in the mixed group (p &lt; 0.05). After blood transfusion treatment, the postoperative fever rates were 4.35%, 10.71%, and 19.51% in the autologous, mixed, and allogeneic groups, respectively, and the blood transfusion reaction rates were 0.00%, 3.57%, and 9.76%, respectively, which were lower in the autologous group than in the allogeneic group (p &lt; 0.05). At 30 min after blood transfusion, SBP, DBP, and SpO2 were higher in all three groups than before blood transfusion (p &lt; 0.05), and HR was lower than before blood transfusion (p &lt; 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups at 30 min after blood transfusion (p &gt; 0.05). At the 24- h postoperative period, no statistical difference was found when HCT, Hb, PLT, RBC, Na+, K+, and Cl− were compared among the three groups (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe use of salvage autologous blood transfusion for treating massive hemorrhage occurring during ectopic pregnancy is a safe and feasible method for rescuing patients with such condition because it can rapidly replenish the patient’s blood volume and save blood resources without causing postoperative hemodynamic, blood routine, and electrolyte abnormalities.
Comparison of short-term efficacy of MIS-TLIF and Endo-LIF in the treatment of single-segment degenerative lumbar diseases
Authors: Song Zhiwei , Zhu Weihua , Zheng Junwen , Wu Gang , Li Tianqi , Huang Aibing , Bian Jian , Chen Chunmao , Li Haijun 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundA prospective controlled study was conducted to compare the short-term clinical results and postoperative complications of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion (minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, MIS-TLIF) and percutaneous endoscope-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion, Endo-LIF) in the treatment of single-segment degenerative lumbar diseases, to provide some scientific guidance for clinicians to select surgical treatment for patients with lumbar degeneration.MethodsFrom October 2020 to October 2021, a total of 62 patients were enrolled, with 31 patients in the MIS-TLIF group and 31 patients in the Endo-LIF group. All patients were followed up for 6 months. The following information from the two groups of patients was recorded: (1) operation time, radiation exposure time, intraoperative blood loss, bed rest time, and hospital stay; (2) ODI score (The Oswestry Disability Index), low back pain VAS score (Visual Analogue Scale), and lumbar vertebra JOA score (Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores) 1 day before the operation; 1, 3, 6 days after operation; and 1, 3 and 6 months after operation. (3) X-ray evaluations of lumbar fusion at the last follow-up.ResultsThere were significant differences in operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, and hospitalization cost between the two groups. The MIS-TLIF group was significantly better than the Endo-LIF group, and the intraoperative bleeding volume of the Endo-LIF group was significantly better than that of the MIS-TLIF group, but there was no significant difference in postoperative bed rest time and postoperative hospital stay. There was no significant difference in the scores of ODI, VAS, and JOA between the two groups before and after the operation. At the last follow-up, the fusion rate was 100% in the MIS-TLIF group and 100% in the Endo-LIF group.ConclusionsThere was no significant difference in short-term clinical efficacy and safety between Endo-LIF and MIS-TLIF in the treatment of single-segment degenerative lumbar diseases, but MIS-TLIF was significantly better than Endo-LIF in terms of the operation time, hospitalization cost, and fluoroscopy time, and Endo-LIF was significantly better than MIS-TLIF in terms of intraoperative blood loss.
Application of multimodal identification technology in the innovative management operation department
Authors: Zhu Yan , Sun Xiaojiao , Huang Yuemei , Song Xiaochong , Liu Li , Feng Laide , Zhang Yujian 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe optimization of surgical procedures and the management of surgical quality and safety have become the focus of attention of hospital managers. The application of multimodal identification technology in the innovative management mode of hospital operating department has made remarkable progress.MethodsTo investigate the effect of the upgraded multimodal identification technology on the innovative management of the operating department, 2,280 cases of laparoscopic surgery using traditional surgical management procedures from January to December 2019 before the management upgrade were set as the control group, and 2,350 laparoscopic surgeries with the upgraded multimodal identification management process from January to December 2020 were selected as the experimental group. The operating efficiency, material management efficiency, and patient experience and satisfaction of the two groups were investigated and compared.ResultsCompared with traditional procedures, the upgraded multimodal surgical management system significantly improves the efficiency of laparoscopic surgery and reduces surgical consumption and costs. In addition, the multimodal surgical information identification system significantly improves the surgical experience for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.ConclusionApplication of multimodal identification technology improves the innovative management of operation department compared with traditional surgery management procedure.
Prognostic factors for trigeminocardiac reflex during cerebrovascular intervention operation
Authors: Sun Zhaochu , Bhuiyan Piplu , Lu Hua , Qian Yanning , Xiao Hang 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTrigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a brainstem reflexive response of hemodynamic instability during surgery. Identification of risk factors relevant to TCR during cerebrovascular intervention procedures is helpful to efficiently prevent and treat its occurrence. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the risk factors for Onyx embolization during cerebrovascular intervention operation so as to optimize perioperative management strategies on TCR.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study on the patients with Onyx embolization under general anaesthesia over 6-years period from 2013 to 2018. 354 patients were finally eligible for inclusion, and then divided into TCR group (group T) and control group (group N). Patient characteristics, clinical diagnosis, comorbidities, lesion sites, hemodynamics changes, and complications were compared between two groups. Several multivariable regression models were applied to analyze the risk factors associated with TCR.ResultsTCR occurred in 59 patients (16.7%) among 354 patients. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics between two groups (P &gt; 0.05). During DMSO/Onyx injection, HR and MAP were much lower in group T than group N (P &lt; 0.01). Notably, univariable analysis revealed that the patients with dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) and middle meningeal artery being affected were associated with a higher incidence of TCR (P &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed that there was a close link of TCR with DAVF [OR = 4.12; 95% CI (1.83–10.65)] and middle meningeal artery embolization [OR = 3.90; 95% CI (1.58–9.63)]. Further stratified analysis of patients with TCR found that patients with middle meningeal artery embolization were more likely to experience hypotension during TCR episode (P &lt; 0.05). Finally, more incidence of postoperative adverse events was observed when TCR episode (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionWe found that DAVF and middle meningeal artery embolization were independent risk factors for TCR episodes during Onyx endovascular embolization, highly likely leading to intraoperative hemodynamics fluctuations and postoperative adverse events.
The use of three-dimensional endoscope in transnasal skull base surgery: A single-center experience from China
Authors: Xin Guo , Liu Yajing , Xiong Yicheng , Xie Shenhao , Luo Hai , Xiao Liming , Wu Xiao , Hong Tao , Tang Bin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe development of skull base surgery in the past decade has been influenced by advances in visualization techniques; recently, due to such improvements, 3D endoscopes have been widely used. Herein, we address its effect for transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery.MethodsA total of 63 patients who under endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) with 3-D endoscope were retrospectively reviewed, including pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, meningiomas, Rathke’s cleft cysts, and chordomas. According to different lesions, transsellar approach (24 cases), transsphenoidal–transtuberculum approach (14 cases), transclival approach (6 cases), and transpterygoid approach (19 cases) were selected.ResultsTotal removal of tumors was achieved in 56 patients (88.9%) and subtotal removal in 7 cases (11.1%). Complications included diabetes insipidus in seven patients (11.1%), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in two patients (3.2%), major vascular injury occurred in one patient (1.6%), cranial nerve injury in nine patients (14.3%), and meningitis in two patients (3.2%). There was no mortality in the series. All patients recovered and were back to normal daily life, and no tumor recurrence or delayed CSF leakage was detected during the follow-up (2–13 months, mean 7.59 months).ConclusionsVia 3D EES, it improved depth perception and preserved important neurovascular tissue when tumors were removed, which is important for improving the operative prognosis.
Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for L5-S1 calcified lumbar disc herniation: A retrospective study
Authors: Cheng Yuanpei , Zhang Qianru , Li Yongbo , Chen Xipeng , Wu Han 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCalcified lumbar disc herniation (CLDH) is considered to be a special type of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID), with safety and efficacy, has been proved to be a minimally invasive surgery for LDH. However, there are few studies on PEID in the treatment of CLDH at the L5-S1 level. This study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of PEID for L5-S1 CLDH.MethodsFrom August 2016 to April 2020, we retrospectively analyzed 28 consecutive patients (17 males and 11 females) with L5-S1 CLDH treated with PEID at our institution. All the patients were monitored for more than 1 year postoperatively. The demographic characteristics, surgical results, and clinical outcomes estimated by the visual analog scale (VAS) for leg pain, the Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the modified MacNab criteria were collected.ResultsAll patients successfully underwent PEID. The mean operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 65.36 ± 5.26 min and 13.21 ± 4.35 ml, respectively. The VAS for leg pain and ODI scores improved remarkably from 7.54 ± 0.96 to 1.50 ± 0.51 (P &lt; 0.05) and from 69.29 ± 9.91 to 17.43 ± 3.69 (P &lt; 0.05) a year after operation, respectively. According to the modified MacNab criteria of the last follow-up, the excellent and good rates are 92.86%. Two of the patients had complications, one had nerve root injury and the other had postoperative dysesthesia.ConclusionsPEID achieved good clinical outcomes in the treatment of L5-S1 CLDH, and it was a safe and effective minimally invasive surgery for L5-S1 CLDH.
Improvement of Pain Management by Nefopam in a Rat Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model
Authors: Dalix Elisa , Maalouf Mathieu , Linossier Marie-Thérèse , Vanden-Bossche Arnaud , Peyroche Sylvie , Marotte Hubert 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model is widely used in research to investigate arthritis pathogenesis. Hind paw inflammation is the main outcome in this model with high loss of mobility function partly related to pain. However, analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioid drugs interfere with the inflammation process related to arthritis, thus reducing their beneficial use in this model. Therefore, we investigated the effect of nefopam on arthritis development in order to improve pain management in the AIA model.MethodsFemale Lewis rats were randomly divided into two groups, and each group received an injection of Mycobacterium butyricum on defining day (D) 0. At D6, rats (n = 10) received nefopam (intraperitoneally or orally) or NaCl 0.9% IP or 1% sucrose in water (n = 5 for each). Rats were monitored with the arthritic index (AI) and ankle circumference. Pain was assessed by scoring based on behavioral indicators. Histology, RT-qPCR, and microcomputed tomography were performed.ResultsThe clinical parameter AI and ankle circumference were not different in both groups at various time points. However, pain score was significantly lower in the nefopam group at the early stage of the disease. At a later stage of the disease, inflammation was mildly lower whereas bone erosion and bone loss parameters increased in the nefopam group.ConclusionNefopam provided a slight reduction in the level of pain at the arthritis onset without reducing arthritis severity and bone loss in the rat AIA model. However, it should be administrated orally for a shorter period to avoid inflammation reduction in the long run.