bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management Strategies for Benign Biliary Strictures
Authors: Yuan Frank , Saunders Eric D. , McDonald Julian , Balar Aneri , Pence Jacob , Brady Chad K. , Hutchison Marshall , Grammer Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiliary stricture is the abnormal narrowing of the biliary ductal system, leading to bile stasis and eventual ductal obstruction and dilatation. Common etiologies of biliary strictures can be broadly classified based on benign or malignant causes. The pathogenesis of benign biliary strictures (BBSs) can be a sequela of several causes, including iatrogenic, inflammatory, ischemic, infectious, and immunologic etiologies. Among the common causes of BBS, an iatrogenic biliary ductal injury sustained during hepatobiliary surgeries is the most frequently reported cause of BBS. Clinically, patients with BBS can present with obstructive biliary symptoms, and urgent biliary decompressive interventions are frequently required to prevent fatal complications. Cross-sectional imaging such as MR cholangiopancreatography enables timely evaluation of the stricture and facilitates therapeutic planning. The primary objective in managing biliary strictures (both benign and malignant) is to achieve permanent ductal patency and minimize the need for repeated interventions. A multidisciplinary team of gastroenterologists, interventional radiologists, and hepatobiliary surgeons is generally involved in caring for patients with BBS. This review provides a summary of clinically available endoscopic, percutaneous, and surgical biliary interventions for the management of patients with BBS.
Importance and limitations of AI ethics in contemporary society
Authors: Hauer Tomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch into autonomous intelligent systems and AI platforms evolving over time through self-learning from data currently raises a number of thorny ethical and legal issues. Advances in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning enable AI platforms to autonomously perform activities that have been strictly the domain of humans for centuries, such as writing a book, driving fast cars, or diagnosing serious diseases. The study describes current trends in the approach to ethical problems associated with AI, identifies specific ethical issues through examples, and analyses possible recommendations. The text emphasizes the ethical dimension of the development and implementation of new innovations in robotics and artificial intelligence and their impact on today’s society.
Suppress the aerosol generation from the air turbine handpiece in dental clinics
Authors: Chen Daner , Wang Zheng , Yu Boyang , Tang Xiujuan , Shen Yuehong , Wang Lian-Ping , Wang Yuenan , Yang Hongyu , Deng Weiwei 
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic imposes a severe challenge to the health care providers and patients in dental clinics as the dental procedures produce abundant airborne materials. Although dental practices use a multi-layered protective procedure to reduce the potential danger from dental aerosols, it is still beneficial to suppress the aerosol generation from the origin as much as possible. Reducing the aerosol generation (especially the droplets of smaller diameters) from the very beginning will ease the burden on all subsequent layers of protection. In this work, we first provide a relatively complete picture of the structure of the spray produced by the air turbine handpiece. We found that the spray consists of two domains: one is the canopy shaped centrifugal zone and the other is a dense ballistic spray core. The droplets from the centrifugal zone are much smaller than those of the spray core and, hence, are more prone to stay in the air. The location of the centrifugal zone also makes it more challenging to be contained by the mouth or rubber dam. To suppress the atomization of the centrifugal zone, we used the food-additive carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) water solutions of different concentrations. The data show that the viscoelastic property of the 0.5 wt. % CMC-Na water solution can effectively suppress the aerosol generation of the centrifugal zone.
Superconductivity in non-centrosymmetric ZrNiAl and HfRhSn-type compounds
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Luo Shuai-Shuai , Du Feng , Su Hang , Zhang Jiawen , Cao Chao , Yuan H Q 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report the discovery of superconductivity in non-centrosymmetric compounds HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, ZrNiGa, and HfPtAl by measuring their electrical transport and thermodynamic properties. HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, and ZrNiGa crystallize in the ZrNiAl-type crystal structure, whereas HfPtAl crystallizes in the HfRhSn-type crystal structure. Superconducting transitions for HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, ZrNiGa, and HfPtAl are observed at 1.0 K, 1.0 K, 0.42 K, and 0.58 K, respectively. Using the Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg model, the zero-temperature upper critical fields µ
0H

c
2

(0) were estimated to be 0.58 T, 0.24 T, 0.08 T, and 0.34 T for HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, ZrNiGa, and HfPtAl, respectively. The observed jump in electronic heat capacity (

Δ

C

e

/

γ
T

) across the superconducting transition is 1.3, 1.3, and 1.2 for HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, and HfPtAl, respectively. After the inclusion of the spin–orbit coupling in the band structure calculations, a total of six bands for ZrNiAl, HfPtAl, and ZrNiGa, and eight bands for HfNiAl were found to cross the Fermi level. Spin–orbit coupling induced maximum splitting (

Δ

E

ASOC

/k
B
T
c) of the electronic bands near the Fermi level was found to be 1697, 517, 1138, and 4230 for HfNiAl, ZrNiAl, ZrNiGa, and HfPtAl, respectively. Large variation of the antisymmetric spin–orbit coupling (ASOC) among these compounds provides a great opportunity to study the effects of ASOC on the superconducting pairing states.
Toroidal rotation dynamics in KSTAR ohmic plasmas
Authors: Lee S.G. , Seol J. , Lee H.H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Toroidal rotation dynamics without any external torque sources in KSTAR ohmic L-mode discharges is investigated. The KSTAR ohmic plasmas mostly flow in the counter-current direction and the toroidal rotation velocity increases as the plasma density rises. The measured radial electric field in T-10 ohmic plasmas is generally negative and its magnitude increases as the density rises (Melnikov et al 2013 Nucl. Fusion
53 093019). A theoretical picture is introduced in this study to explain how the radial electric field and the toroidal rotation change with the same tendency. The radial electric field can be built up to satisfy the ambipolarity condition and ultimately rotate the plasmas in the toroidal direction.
Voltage and Active Power Management Control of PV Source Distributed Generations under Unbalanced Voltage of Non-islanded Microgrid
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Azman , Ahmad Abu Zaharin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Key solution for future electrical power generation depends on alternative energy such as Solar Energy and renewable energy. Solar energy can be harvested by using a fast growing technique like Photovoltaic Plants (PV) in order to fulfill the demand of electrical energy. Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID controller) is added together with power electronic components such as boost converter combined with suitable controller of different maximum power point tracking techniques (MPPT) combined to optimized the PV system. In this paper, sudden irradiance and cell temperature variations are the variable input tested on grid PV systems modeled in MATLAB SIMULINK software. Incremental Conductance PID Controller with the trial and error method is used randomly in order to have good and efficient of transmission of energy and avoiding the unbalance voltage at the same time enhancing the protection system from bad disturbances. The stability of the system is checked to counter various irradiance and temperature in order to have a balance voltage and optimum energy. The new controller then been compared with previous literature in order to ensure the designed controller operating following the state of boundary and limitation of the operation.
Solar-powered Mosquito Trap with Air Quality Monitoring
Authors: Sulong Ahmad Armin , Adiimah Raja Aris Raja Siti Nur , Aw Suzanna Ridzuan , Azimi Farah Hanan , Syafie Lia Safiyah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mosquito pest control is a recurring matter that requires constant monitoring and attainment. This is due to the creature being able to spread various deadly diseases and mosquitoes are responsible for the death of one million people every year. The conventional prevention methods of using insecticides and bug zappers are somewhat less effective and affect the environment in various ways such as the extinction of beneficial insects, the biological evolution of mosquitoes, and climate changes. In this study, a solar-powered mosquito trap is created to trap mosquitoes by sucking them in using a fan while being attracted to a built-in LED to lure them into the trap. An air quality monitor is equipped to observe the change of temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) of the surroundings and as a method to centralize the installation of the trap. The monitor display and air quality data retrieval are processed by an Arduino microcontroller. In the prototype observation, it was shown that the temperature increased proportional to CO2 concentration. The power efficiency of this device increased by 30% when using a solar panel. At optimal sunlight exposure and adequate battery capacity, the device would run for more than 24 hours and would get charged instantly on the next day when sunlight is present.
Performance Analysis of Different Shielding Material for A 100W Wireless Power Transfer System
Authors: Mahadi Ismail Ahmat , Yahaya Jabbar Al-Fattah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To improve the efficiency and performance of the wireless power transfer system (WPT), the core material or the coil shielding material must be selected appropriately due to its significant factors to the system. This paper discusses the importance of using coil shielding and the types of material that is suitable to increase the performance of WPT system. The simulation was carried out using 3D finite element analysis called JMAG-Designer. The purpose of using shielding material in a coil is to redirect the magnetic field generated from the primary to the secondary coil. The result and analysis shows that soft magnetic material (ferrite core) used as core shielding is suitable for WPT application. It increases the power transferred and performance efficiency of the system. Compared to the other shield materials, the usage of ferrite core is found to increase the WPT efficiency up to 92%.
Arcing Faults Detection in Switchgear with Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Ishak Sanuri , Koh S.P. , Tan Jian Ding , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Chen Chai Phing , Yaw C.T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The robustness of switchgears has critical impacts on the general efficiency of power distribution systems. Faulty switchgears lead to many unwanted complications for utility bodies, which in turn lead to even bigger issues. In this paper, a remote arcing fault sensing technique is proposed using ELM. By analysing the sonic waves emitted, the proposed method is capable to detect possible arcing faults in switchgears. Tests and experiments have been conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm in detecting these arcing faults. The obtained results are analysed in time and frequency domains. In the time domain analysis, the results show 93.75% success rate in training stage, 95.83% in validation stage, and 87.5% in testing stage. In the frequency domain analysis, the results show 93.75% success rate in training stage, 91.67% in validation stage, and 100% success rate in testing stage. It is thus concluded that the proposed algorithm is capable to identify arcing faults in switchgears.
Effect of Single and Multi-Direction Coil for Differential Probe on Depth Crack Defect Measurement with Different Excitation Frequency Selection in Eddy Current Inspection
Authors: Mohamad Ahmad Joraimee , Ali Kharudin , Rifai Damhuji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, a number of studies in Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) have been conducted on the sensitivity of probes in assessing the depth of cracks based on input stimulation. Range frequency and crack depth have been suggested as relevant features for input excitation waveform forms. The construction of an encircling coil for a differential probe (ECDP) and an encircling coil for an absolute probe (ECAP) was discussed in this paper. For the defect, the Multi-Frequency (MF) measuring method was used to compare ECDP with single direction and multi-direction turn coil growth. The measurement method was based on the coupling of ECDP and ECAP. By comparing the resulting signal between the probes, it is clear that the ECDP (with longitudinal and transverse coils) is very effective in measuring the various types of defects in the frequency ranges. The ideal excitation frequencies for inspection testing are 30kHz and 60kHz.
Over Voltage and Under Voltage Protection System Using IoT
Authors: Mohamed Ayub Mohd Anuar Bin , Shaharuddin Mohd Rizal , Hussian Ammar Husaini , Mok Hat Afidatul Nadia , Muhammad Zalizan Muhammad Iffat Hakimi , Wan Shaaidi Wan Raihan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sudden fluctuation in voltage may cause a serious problem in industries and home appliances. These fluctuations may significantly impact the power quality as well as the reliability of other voltage controlling devices. However, this paper discussed about designing for under voltage and over voltage protection to protect and extend the lifespan of home, office and industrial equipments. The AC voltage sensor module ZMPT101B is used in detecting a voltage of -6% of the rated voltage and it is recognized as under voltage while 10% of the rated voltage is recognized as upper voltage. The rated voltage of single phase is normally supply 230 V. Moreover, the sensor is attached with ESP 8266 WiFi platform so that the user can observe the voltage condition through Blynk application. As a conclusion, the combination of voltage protection system through Internet of Thing (IoT) device may contribute to the user.
Application Contingency Analysis of An IEEE 30 Bus System Using Matpower
Authors: Abedin Tarek , Aini Nur , Sivanyanam Dheena Dhayani A/P , Pasupuleti Jagadeesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Contingency analysis is significant for power system protection. Internal component failures or external causes such as lightning and equipment overloading can cause power system contingencies. Multiple outage scenarios are crucial in today’s deregulated environment for how the transmission network is utilized. The transmission network is highly pressured due to rising load demand and the need to operate economically. Contingency analysis of an IEEE 30 bus system is provided in this article utilizing Matpower software, which includes the source code. Matlab and Matpower are suggested as platforms for developing a screening process that examines the severity of each non-islanding branch failure, generator outage, MVA, and voltage violation. The generator terminal voltages will be permitted to fluctuate between 0.95 per unit and 1.05 per unit, as specified in the case30 input data files, to provide a broader practical zone. The performance index (PI) value is generated by adding the apparent performance index and the voltage performance index to rank the severity of the line outages. For the extreme contingency situation, a load flow study was performed. The four most severe scenarios, generator 22, generator 13, generator outage 23, and branch outage 28, should be constantly monitored to keep the electrical system safe.
Development of Dual-Mode Grass Cutter Robot
Authors: Che Man ‘Ain Eazriena , Ridzuan Aw Suzanna , Rahman Nazry Abd , Adiimah Raja Aris Raja Siti Nur , Syafie Lia Safiyah , Othman Mohd Hafiz , Mohd Nor Arfah Syahida , Izzati Shuhaimi Nur A’in 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A grass cutter is a machine that uses a revolving blade or blades to cut a lawn grass. Many designs have been made, each suited to a particular purpose and this robot used string trimmer as the cutting blade. This robot is designed to operate by a rechargeable battery and can be described as an intelligent robot because the micro-controller will receive information from sensors connected to it in avoiding obstacle to ensure a neat pattern of cut and use the information to actuate the left and right motors driving the wheels and the centre motor driving string trimmer and at the same time it obeys all parameters of work and its program database. As it is well known that random motion for a lawn mower would sometimes lead to uncovered spaced, it all depends on how random is random. Few features were added with more advanced option which allows the user to manually control the lawn mower with a PS2 controller. This, in fact, where the user can manually control the grass cutting robot that looks like a tank. The data analysis was listed in the table to test the development of grass cutter. This robot is safe to use, environmental friendly, easy to operate, and have various modes such as manual and automated mode.
IoT Base on Air and Sound Pollution Monitoring System
Authors: Mok Hat Afidatul Nadia , Wan Syahidah W.M. , Zuhelmi C.W.Y.C.W. , Atan F. , Khadijah S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Air and sound are major constituents for having adverse and harmful effects on environment as well on human being. However, to monitor this pollution is a difficult task because authorities need to visit the site to collect the data. This paper present IoT base on air and sound pollution monitoring system. A prototype of this system is developed to monitor the condition of the air and sound by using the online software which is the Thinger IO platform. ESP 8266 LoLin is used as the microcontroller which is connected to the Wi-Fi module by using the Arduino programming. This system allows user to monitor condition of the air and sound through a simple web application or by LCD display. Therefore, the user can analyse and compare the air and sound pollution between two company. By further modification, in future work, monitoring pollution with larger data will be accomplished.
Piezoelectric transducer comparison for vibrational motion energy harvesting
Authors: Nek Daud Nik Fakhri , Ghoni Ruzlaini , Ibrahim Mohd Tarmizi , Wan Shaaidi Wan Raihan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mechanical waste energy can be used to generate naturally responsive power. Vibration is a frequent type of mechanical energy source. This work describes the use of unimorph, bimorph, and ceramic disc piezoelectric transducers to capture vibrational motion energy to fulfil the energy requirements of mobile electronic gadgets. The piezoelectric transducer is one of the most widely utilised mechanisms for vibration energy collecting due to its design versatility. The ability to collect vibration energy from motorcycle engines was conceptually and experimentally assessed on different motorcycle engine speeds, frequency and comparable time length, acceleration, and output voltages. The study’s goal was to empirically confirm the idea that bimorph piezoelectric transducers outperform unimorph and ceramic disc piezoelectric transducers. We also show that increased motor speeds and varied frequencies provided to the output voltage production.
Improving Euler Method using Centroidal-Polygon Scheme for Better Accuracy in Resistor-Capacitor Circuit Equation
Authors: Zulkifli Nur Shahirah , Samsudin Nooraida , Yusof N M M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A first-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a function with two variables defined in the xy-axis of a field. Various numerical methods, such as the Euler method, Runge-Kutta method, Heun’s method and others, are used to solve ODEs, with varying computational costs and accuracy. The Euler method can only solve the first derivative equation with the simplest implementation at the lowest cost of computation, but it produces less accurate results. This research focuses on improving the Euler method to increase its accuracy. A new scheme called Centroidal-Polygon (CP) is used in this study. The CP scheme is tested on the Resistor-Capacitor (RC) circuit equation to ensure that it can be used in fields other than mathematics and computation. The RC circuit equation is used to compute maximum error and assess the accuracy of the CP scheme and its counterparts. The circuit equation’s accuracy in the RC circuit equation is determined by the time constant (τ). This research used Scilab 6.0 software to analyze the maximum error. The performance of the CP scheme was compared to the Polygon, Harmonic-Polygon, and Cube-Polygon schemes, which are all enhanced Euler methods. The results show that the CP scheme achieves higher accuracy while requiring less computing time. In future studies, the CP scheme will be applied to the RCL circuit equation and second-order ODE to ensure the CP scheme can be used in all applications.
Preserving Data Privacy in Mobile Cloud Computing using Enhanced Homomorphic Encryption Scheme
Authors: Oh Ee Nah , Baharon Mohd Rizuan , Yassin S M W M S M M , Idris Ariff , MacDermott Aine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mobile cloud-based data collection allows users’ related information to be collected, processed and stored efficiently and instantaneously. Nevertheless, such data collection approach has a drawback of data confidentiality and user’s privacy. Outsourcing users’ related information attracts unforeseen attackers to steal such information for their own benefits. Thus, this paper proposes a mobile cloud-based privacy-preserving data collection approach that allows end-users to provide a response based on information, which related to their personal life information in a privacy-preserving manner. In addition, this approach guarantees user’s information to be stored securely so as to prevent the data from being tempered easily. This approach uses a Homomorphic Cryptosystem protect the data. Such a cryptosystem allows data processing on the collected data to without decrypting. Such a technique is good to protect the privacy of the data owner. Finally, the result of the proposed scheme is evaluated thoroughly to compare the efficiency with the state-of-art scheme. The result illustrates the proposed scheme provides increased delay efficiency up to 170% compare to other method. Such increment has confirmed that the proposed approach is more suited to operate data collection approach in a mobile cloud computing.