bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation among middle school students
Authors: Doumas Diana M. , Midgett Aida 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuicide is a significant public health concern school‐aged youth. Although a growing body of literature has documented the association between cyberbullying and suicidal ideation, and the mediating effect of internalizing symptoms, there is no research to date examining the impact of witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation. To address this gap, we conducted a cross‐sectional study with middle school students (N = 130). Students completed questionnaires assessing witnessing cyberbullying, witnessing school bullying, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. We used structural equation modeling to test a mediational model in which we hypothesized internalizing symptoms would mediate the unique relationship between witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation (i.e., controlling for witnessing school bullying). Results supported the mediational model, indicating the frequency of witnessing cyberbullying was positively related to internalizing symptoms, which in turn were related to higher levels of suicidal ideation. Findings suggest the importance of providing programs to support middle school students who witness cyberbullying to reduce the mental health risks (i.e., internalizing symptoms and suicidal ideation) associated with being a cyberbullying bystander.
The clinical yield of bronchoscopy in the management of cystic fibrosis: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Gileles‐Hillel Alex , Yochi Harpaz Limor , Breuer Oded , Reiter Joel , Tsabari Reuven , Kerem Eitan , Cohen‐Cymberknoh Malena , Stafler Patrick , Mei‐Zahav Meir , Toukan Yazeed , Bentur Lea , Shoseyov David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Several studies have shown no benefit for bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) over sputum to obtain microbiological cultures, hence the role of bronchoscopy in pwCF is unclear.AimTo analyze how bronchoscopy results affected clinical decision‐making in pwCF and assess safety.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all charts of pwCF from three CF centers in Israel, between the years 2008 and 2019. We collected BAL culture results as well as sputum cultures obtained within 1 month of the BAL sample. A meaningful yield was defined as a decision to start antibiotics, change the antibiotic regimen, hospitalize the patient for treatment, or the resolution of the problem that led to bronchoscopy (e.g., atelectasis or hemoptysis).ResultsDuring the study years, of the 428 consecutive patient charts screened, 72 patients had 154 bronchoscopies (2.14 bronchoscopies/patient). Forty‐five percent of the bronchoscopies had a meaningful clinical yield. The finding of copious sputum on bronchoscopy was strongly associated with a change in treatment (OR: 5.25, 95%CI: 2.1−13.07, p < 0.001). BAL culture results were strongly associated with a meaningful yield, specifically isolation of Aspergillus spp. (p = 0.003), Haemophilus influenza (p = 0.001). Eight minor adverse events following bronchoscopy were recorded.ConclusionsIn this multicenter retrospective analysis of bronchoscopy procedures from three CF centers, we have shown that a significant proportion of bronchoscopies led to a change in treatment, with no serious adverse events. Our findings suggest that bronchoscopy is a safe procedure that may assist in guiding treatment in some pwCF. Future studies should evaluate whether BAL‐guided decision‐making may also lead to a change in clinical outcomes in pwCF.
Caregiver comprehension and satisfaction associated with informed consent for pediatric flexible bronchoscopy: A single‐center experience
Authors: Simpson Ryne , McHendry Carolyn , Mullen Lisa , Burg Gregory 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPediatric flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is a relatively common procedure performed in children with respiratory concerns. Despite this, there is no data examining the informed consent process for FB. A prospective study evaluating informed consent comprehension and satisfaction was conducted in 71 primary caregivers of children undergoing outpatient FB. Most caregivers (97%) were overall satisfied with the consent process and reported understanding the potential benefits (97%) and minor risks (94%) associated with the procedure. A smaller percentage (83%) reported understanding major risks associated with FB. Patient safety was reported as the most important aspect of the consent process. Caregivers of children undergoing FB for the first time were more likely to want additional FB‐specific information when compared to caregivers of children who had previously undergone FB (53% vs 16%, odds ratio: 5.97). In general, caregivers of children undergoing outpatient FB are satisfied with the informed consent process. Areas for improvement include ensuring adequate understanding of major risks associated with the procedure and considering a tailored approach based on the caregiver's level of experience.
Interstitial lung disease in autoinflammatory disease in childhood: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Nayir Buyuksahin Halime , Basaran Ozge , Balık Zeynep , Bilginer Yelda , Ozen Seza , Dogru Deniz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe lung is one of the target organs in the systemic involvement of autoinflammatory disease (AID), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the primary phenotype of lung involvement in AID. In this review, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of the available literature to highlight ILD in AID.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus from the inception of the databases to January 2022. References were first screened by title and then by abstract by two authors. Eighteen original papers were selected for full‐text review.ResultsDuring the literature search, we identified 18 relevant articles describing 52 cases of AID and ILD. Of those, 44 patients had stimulator of interferon genes‐associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), six had coatomer protein complex (COPA) syndrome, one had haploinsufficiency of A20, and one had mevalonate kinase deficiency. Pulmonary fibrosis, cyst formation, and ground glass areas were the most common findings in chest tomography of patients with COPA syndrome and SAVI. Janus kinase inhibitors were used to treat most of the patients with SAVI, which stabilized ILD.ConclusionsILD should be considered carefully in children with AID, especially those with interferonopathy.
Self‐Amplifying Iridium(III) Photosensitizer for Ferroptosis‐Mediated Immunotherapy Against Transferrin Receptor‐Overexpressing Cancer
Authors: Ling Yu‐Yi , Wang Wen‐Jin , Hao Liang , Wu Xiao‐Wen , Liang Jing‐Hao , Zhang Hang , Mao Zong‐Wan , Tan Cai‐Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhotoimmunotherapy is attractive for cancer treatment due to its spatial controllability and sustained responses. This work presents a ferrocene‐containing Ir(III) photosensitizer (IrFc1) that can bind with transferrin and be transported into triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells via a transferrin receptor‐mediated pathway. When the ferrocene in IrFc1 is oxidized by reactive oxygen species, its capability to photosensitize both type I (electron transfer) and type II (energy transfer) pathways is activated through a self‐amplifying process. Upon irradiation, IrFc1 induces the generation of lipid oxidation to cause ferroptosis in TNBC cells, which promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD) under both normoxia and hypoxia. In vivo, IrFc1 treatment elicits a CD8+ T‐cell response, which activates ICD in TNBC resulting in enhanced anticancer immunity. In summary, this work reports a small molecule‐based photosensitizer with enhanced cancer immunotherapeutic properties by eliciting ferroptosis through a self‐amplifying process.
Propagation of singularities by Osgood vector fields and for 2D inviscid incompressible fluids
Authors: Drivas Theodore D. , Elgindi Tarek M. , La Joonhyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe show that certain singular structures (Hölderian cusps and mild divergences) are transported by the flow of homeomorphisms generated by an Osgood velocity field. The structure of these singularities is related to the modulus of continuity of the velocity and the results are shown to be sharp in the sense that slightly more singular structures cannot generally be propagated. For the 2D Euler equation, we prove that certain singular structures are preserved by the motion, e.g. a system of $$\log \log _+(1/|x|)$$

log

log
+

(
1
/
|
x
|
)

vortices (and those that are slightly less singular) travel with the fluid in a nonlinear fashion, up to bounded perturbations. We also give stability results for weak Euler solutions away from their singular set.
A unified error analysis for nonlinear wave-type equations with application to acoustic boundary conditions
Authors: Leibold Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work we present a unified error analysis for abstract space discretizations of wave-type equations with nonlinear quasi-monotone operators. This yields an error bound in terms of discretization and interpolation errors that can be applied to various equations and space discretizations fitting in the abstract setting. We use the unified error analysis to prove novel convergence rates for a non-conforming finite element space discretization of wave equations with nonlinear acoustic boundary conditions and illustrate the error bound by a numerical experiment.
The Effect of Topical Agents on the Tensile Strength of Absorbable and Non‐absorbable Suture Materials—An in Vitro Study
Authors: Alnaqi Amar , Burhamah Waleed , Al‐Sultan Ahmad T. , Taqi Esmaeel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionTopical agents are sometimes applied to surgical wounds after closure; these may include antiseptics or antibiotics. Minimal research has been undertaken to investigate the effect of topical regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.AimTo investigate the effect of four commonly used wound care regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.MethodsThe failure load of 9 different suture materials was tested using the Instron Electroplus E3000 tensile testing machine (Instron Corporation, Norwood, Massachusetts). Tensile strength was represented as the failure load, measured in Newtons (N), and defined as the maximal load that could be applied across the suture prior to failure. Each suture was tested dry and after immersion in one of 4 products for 7 days and tested on day 7. The immersion agents tested were: sodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe® (Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Petaluma, CA), Aqueous Povidone‐iodine 10% solution (Betadine—Mundipharma), and Fucidin ointment.ResultsSodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe®, Aqueous Povidone‐iodine 10%, and Fucidin seem to increase the failure load of most absorbable and non‐absorbable sutures. However, the failure load of Polyglactin 910 suture (Surgilactin, coated, violet‐Ethicon) is reduced by long‐term exposure to either sodium chloride 0.9% or MicroSafe®, while the failure load of the Polydioxanone suture (PDS Plus‐Ethicon) is reduced by long‐term exposure to MicroSafe® only.ConclusionIn our experiment, the commonly used wound care products have been shown to alter the tensile strength of suture materials. Further human studies are required to ascertain the clinical validity and applicability of our findings.
Lesion follows function: video-oculography compared with MRI to diagnose internuclear ophthalmoplegia in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Omary Rawan , Bockisch Christopher J. , De Vere-Tyndall Anthony , Pazahr Shila , Baráth Krisztina , Weber Konrad P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Video-oculography (VOG) is used to quantify functional deficits in internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), whereas MRI can detect the corresponding structural lesions in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). This study investigates the diagnostic agreement of MRI compared to VOG measurements.

Methods
We prospectively compared structural MRI findings and functional VOG measures of 63 MS patients to assess their diagnostic agreement for INO.

Results
MRI detected 12 true-positive and 92 true-negative MLF lesions for INO compared to VOG (12 true-positive and 38 true-negative patients) but identified one-third of the MLF lesions on the wrong side. MRI ratings were specific (92.0%) to detect MLF lesions but not sensitive (46.2%) for diagnosing INO (86.4% and 63.2% by patient). Accordingly, MRI has a high positive likelihood ratio of 5.77 but a modest negative likelihood ratio of 0.59 for the probability of INO (4.63 and 0.43) with an accuracy of 82.5% (79.4%).

Conclusion
MRI assessments are highly specific but not sensitive for detecting INO compared to VOG. While MRI identifies MLF lesions in INO, VOG quantifies the deficit. As a simple, quick, and non-invasive test for diagnosing and tracking functional INO deficits, it will hopefully find its place in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways of MS.
Modeling and analyzing the motion of a 2DOF dynamical tuned absorber system close to resonance
Authors: Amer T. S. , Abdelhfeez S. A. , Elbaz Rewan F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work investigates the planar motion of a dynamical model with two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) consisting of a connected tuned absorber with a simple pendulum. It is taken into account that the pendulum’s pivot moves in a Lissajous trajectory with stationary angular velocity in the presence of a harmonic excitation moment. In terms of the model’s generalized coordinates, Lagrange’s equations are used to derive the motion’s controlling system. The approximate solutions of this system, up to a higher order of approximation, are achieved utilizing the approach of multiple scales (AMS). Resonance cases are all classified, in which two of them are examined simultaneously to gain the corresponding equations of modulation. The solutions at the steady-state are studied in terms of solvability conditions. According to the Routh-Hurwitz criteria, all potential fixed points at steady and unsteady states are determined and graphed. The dynamical behavior of the motion's time-histories and the curves of resonance are drawn. Regions of stability are examined by inspecting their graphs in order to assess the favorable impact of various parameters on the motion. The achieved outcomes are regarded as novel because the used methodology is applied to a specific dynamical system. The importance of this model under study can be seen from its numerous applications in disciplines like engineering and physics. Furthermore, pendulum vibration absorbers are commonly employed to reduce the vibrations in engineering constructions such as chimneys, bridges, television towers, high buildings, auto-balancing shafts, and antennas.
Globally supported surrogate model based on support vector regression for nonlinear structural engineering applications
Authors: Funk Steffen , Airoud Basmaji Ammar , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work presents a global surrogate modelling of mechanical systems with elasto-plastic material behaviour based on support vector regression (SVR). In general, the main challenge in surrogate modelling is to construct an approximation model with the ability to capture the non-smooth behaviour of the system under interest. This paper investigates the ability of the SVR to deal with discontinuous and high non-smooth outputs. Two different kernel functions, namely the Gaussian and Matèrn 5/2 kernel functions, are examined and compared through one-dimensional, purely phenomenological elasto-plastic case. Thereafter, an essential part of this paper is addressed towards the application of the SVR for the two-dimensional elasto-plastic case preceded by a finite element method. In this study, the SVR computational cost is reduced by using anisotropic training grid where the number of points are only increased in the direction of the most important input parameters. Finally, the SVR accuracy is improved by smoothing the response surface based on the linear regression. The SVR is constructed using an in-house MATLAB code, while Abaqus is used as a finite element solver.
NOD2 inhibits the proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells through autophagy
Authors: Li Xiaozhi , Liu Suo , Jin Longyu , Ma Yuchao , Liu Tao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
To study the regulatory mechanism of NOD2 in the inhibition of esophageal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation.

Methods
Cell experiments: after confirming the decrease in NOD2 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma, we overexpressed NOD2 in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via lentivirus, compared and verified the changes in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation before and after NOD2 overexpression, and compared the overexpression group with the control group by mRNA sequencing to identify pathways that may affect cell proliferation. Then, the autophagy level of multiple groups were assessed, and the results were verified by rescue experiments. In vivo experiments: we administered esophageal adenocarcinoma cells to nude mice to form tumors under their skin and then injected the tumors with NOD2 overexpression lentivirus and negative control lentivirus. After a period of time, the growth curve of the tumor was generated, and the tumor was removed to generate sections. Ki67 was labeled with immunohistochemistry to verify cell proliferation, and the protein was extracted from the tissue to detect the molecular indices of the corresponding pathway.

Results
Upregulation of NOD2 expression inhibited the proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Upregulation of NOD2 expression increased the autophagy level of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via ATG16L1. After ATG16L1 was inhibited, NOD2 had no significant effect on autophagy and proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Enhanced autophagy in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines inhibited cell proliferation. In vivo, the upregulation of NOD2 expression improved the autophagy level of tumor tissue and inhibited cells proliferation.

Conclusion
NOD2 can activate autophagy in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells through the ATG16L1 pathway and inhibit cell proliferation.
Value of central review of RECIST v1.1 outcomes in the AGITG INTEGRATE randomised phase 2 international trial for advanced oesophago-gastric cancer
Authors: Sjoquist Katrin M. , Martin Andrew , Pavlakis Nick , Goldstein David , Tsobanis Eric , Moses Daniel , Maher Richard , Hague Wendy , Gebski Val , Stockler Martin R. , Simes R. John ,   the Australasian Gastro-Intestinal Trials Group (AGITG)
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Activity estimates should be accurately evaluated in phase 2 clinical trials to ensure appropriate decisions about proceeding to phase 3 trials. RECIST v1.1. progression-free survival (PFS) is a common endpoint in oncology; however, it can be influenced by assessment criteria and trial design. We assessed the value of central adjudication of investigator-assessed PFS times of participants in a double-blind, randomised phase 2 trial evaluating regorafenib versus placebo in advanced gastro-oesophageal cancer (AGITG INTEGRATE) to inform plans for central review in future trials.

Methods
We calculated the proportion of participants with a disagreement between the site investigator assessment and blinded independent central review and in whom central review resulted in a change, then evaluated the effect of central review on study conclusions by comparing hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS based on site review versus central review. Post-progression unblinding was assessed with similar methods. Simulation studies explored the effect of differential and non-differential measurement error on treatment effect estimation and study power.

Results
Disagreements between site assessments versus central review occurred in 8/147 (5.4%) participants, 5 resulting in amended date of progression (3.4%). PFS HRs (sites vs central review progression dates) were similar (0.39 vs 0.40). RECIST progression occurred in 82/86 (95%) of cases where post-progression unblinding was requested by the site investigator.

Conclusions
Blinded independent central review was feasible and supported the reliability of site assessments, trial results, and conclusions. Modelling showed that when treatment effects were large and outcome assessments blinded, central review was unlikely to affect conclusions.
Prognostic relevance of mixed histological subtypes in invasive breast carcinoma: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Rechsteiner Anna , Dietrich Daniel , Varga Zsuzsanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The prognostic and therapeutic power of special histological subtypes in breast cancer in pure form or in combination with other histological subtypes is still not established, and diagnostic guidelines are cautious regarding prognostic power based on the histological subtype alone. Therapy decisions are guided in most cases independently of the histological subtype and are directed by biomarkers and tumor stage. In this study, we analyzed a comprehensive large retrospective breast cancer cohort with a special focus on histological subtype (other than ductal non-special type or lobular carcinoma) and correlated pure or mixed histological forms with pathological tumor stage and overall disease-free survival.

Materials and methods
A total of 827 breast cancer cases with pure or mixed special histological types were retrospectively analyzed. Survival information was available in 645 of 827 cases.

Results
A total of 293 cases had pure forms, and 534 cases had mixed histological subtypes. The most common pure special types were mucinous (23.9%), micropapillary (21.2%), high-grade metaplastic (13%), male breast cancer (8.2%), cribriform (6.8%), metastases (6.1%), apocrine and papillary (each 5.46%), NST with medullary and clear cell pattern (up to 3.4%) and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (2.7%). Mixed forms were most frequently encountered in NST carcinomas with micropapillary components (41.8%), followed by mucinous (9.93%) and cribriform (6.74%) mixed patterns. In univariate analysis, no pure form had prognostic relevance compared with any mixed form with the basic pure element. Pooling pure histological subtypes with tumor stage and age in a linear random-effects model, the cribriform subtype had the most favorable prognosis, while male breast cancer showed the poorest outcome (p < 0.001). All other frequent pure forms had intermediate prognostic power (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results show that the analyzed special histological breast cancer subtypes (other than ductal and lobular carcinomas) do not carry prognostic information alone, either in pure form or in any combination with other subtypes. Prognostic groups including special subtypes, however, can strongly stratify breast cancer if tumor stage, age and biomarkers are included in the prognostic measurements.