bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐speed video and plant ultrastructure define mechanisms of gametophyte dispersal
Authors: Mitchell Nora , Piatczyc Nancy P. , Wang Darren D. , Edwards Joan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDispersal of gametophytes is critical for land plant survivorship and reproduction. It defines potential colonization and geographical distribution as well as genetic mixing and evolution. C. T. Ingold's classic works on Spore Discharge in Land Plants and Spore Liberation review mechanisms for spore release and dispersal based on real‐time observations, basic histology, and light microscopy. Many mechanisms underlying spore liberation are explosive and have evolved independently multiple times. These mechanisms involve physiological processes such as water gain and loss, coupled with structural features using different plant tissues. Here we review how high‐speed video and analyses of ultrastructure have defined new biomechanical mechanisms for the dispersal of gametophytes through the dissemination of haploid diaspores, including spores, pollen, and asexual reproductive propagules. This comparative review highlights the diversity and importance of rapid movements in plants for dispersing gametophytes and considerations for using combinations of high‐speed video methods and microscopic techniques to understand these dispersal movements. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is crucial not only for understanding gametophyte ecology but also for applied engineering and biomimetic applications used in human technologies.
Optimal time‐consistent social health insurance and private health insurance strategy under a new health insurance framework
Authors: Yang Peng , Chen Zhiping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA new continuous‐time health insurance framework is proposed to simultaneously determine the optimal social health insurance strategy and optimal private health insurance strategy. The social health insurance can cover both the expenditures of general illnesses and critical illnesses, while the private health insurance only covers the expenditure of critical illnesses. To reflect the inevitable connection between critical illnesses and general illnesses, we assume that the number of critical illnesses and the number of general illnesses are positively correlated. The policyholder's objective is to find an optimal time‐consistent social health insurance and private health insurance strategy so as to maximize the expected terminal wealth while minimizing the variance of the terminal wealth. Explicit solutions for the optimal time‐consistent health insurance strategy and the corresponding value function are obtained by employing the stochastic control technique. Finally, we numerically examine the influence of expenditure parameters on the optimal time‐consistent health insurance strategy, and also examine the effect of the health insurance on the policyholder. The results reveal the similarities and differences between social health insurance and private health insurance, which provide insightful guidance for health insurance practice in reality.
Review of the structures and functions of algal photoreceptors to optimize bioproduct production with novel bioreactor designs for strain improvement
Authors: Shankar Uttara , Lenka Sangram K. , Ackland M. Leigh , Callahan Damien L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMicroalgae are important renewable feedstock to produce biodiesel and high‐value chemicals. Different wavelengths of light influence the growth and metabolic activities of algae. Recent research has identified the light‐sensing proteins called photoreceptors that respond to blue or red light. Structural elucidations of algal photoreceptors have gained momentum over recent years. These include channelrhodopsins, PHOT proteins, animal‐like cryptochromes, and blue‐light sensors utilizing flavin‐adenine dinucleotide proteins. Pulsing light has also been investigated as a means to optimize energy inputs into bioreactors. This study summarizes the current structural and functional basis of photoreceptor modulation to optimize the growth, production of carotenoids and other high‐value metabolites from microalgae. The review also encompasses novel photobioreactor designs that implement different light regimes including light wavelengths and time to optimize algal growth and desired metabolite profiles for high‐value products.
Photoaffinity Labeling‐Based Chemoproteomic Strategy Reveals RBBP4 as a Cellular Target of Protopanaxadiol against Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhuo Fang‐Fang , Guo Qiang , Zheng Yong‐Zhe , Liu Ting‐Ting , Yang Zhuo , Xu Qi‐He , Jiang Yong , Liu Dan , Zeng Ke‐Wu , Tu Peng‐Fei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProtopanaxadiol (PPD), a main ginseng metabolite, exerts powerful anticancer effects against multiple types of cancer; however, its cellular targets remain elusive. Here, we synthesized a cell‐permeable PPD probe via introducing a bifunctional alkyne‐containing diazirine photo‐crosslinker and performed a photoaffinity labeling‐based chemoproteomic study. We identified retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RBBP4), a chromatin remodeling factor, as an essential cellular target of PPD in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. PPD significantly decreased RBBP4‐dependent trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3), a crucial epigenetic marker that correlates with histologic signs of colorectal cancer aggressiveness, and PPD inhibition of proliferation and migration of HCT116 cells was antagonized by RBBP4 RNA silencing. Collectively, our study highlights a previously undisclosed anti‐colorectal cancer cellular target of the ginseng metabolite and advances the fundamental understanding of RBBP4 functions via a chemical biology strategy.
Advanced percutaneous management in acute pulmonary embolism: Real‐world challenges and opportunities
Authors: Colopi Marzia , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: April 2022

Key Points
Patients with intermediate‐ and high‐risk PE represent the populations at highest risk for early mortality and require prompt debulking and reperfusion therapy.
Mechanical thrombectomy can result in immediate hemodynamic improvements, symptom reduction, and cardiac function recovery.
Physiologic liquid plumber: A novel treatment to facilitate crossing of chronic total occlusions
Authors: Patel Nachiket J. , Heuser Richard R. 
Published: April 2022

Key Points
MZ‐004 is a collagenase enzyme formulation that degrades collagen, a key component of CTOs
Collagenase administered into the proximal CTO cap is safe and increased the success soft‐tipped guidewire crossing rates in CTOs
There was no difference in CTO PCI success with collagenase versus placebo
Efficient recovery of phenol from phenolic wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane
Authors: Qi Yabing , Zhang Sijing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe recovery of phenol from phenolic wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was investigated. The W/O emulsion was prepared with kerosene, Span−80, carrier, liquid paraffin, and NaOH solution. The effects of NaOH concentration, oil–internal solution ratio, shearing speed, Span−80 concentration, and carrier type and concentration on emulsion breakage were studied. In the single factor experiments of stability of W/O emulsion, the lowest percentages of emulsion breakage were achieved at a NaOH concentration of 0.03 g/ml, an oil–internal solution ratio of 2:1, a shearing speed of 1500 r/min, a Span−80 concentration of 8%, a tributyl phosphate (TBP) concentration of 0.8%, and an ethyl acetate concentration of 0.8%, respectively. Then, the effects of nine factors on extraction efficiencies of phenol were investigated. This indicated that the effects of shearing speed, oil‐internal solution ratio, emulsion‐external solution ratio, liquid paraffin concentration, and mixing speed on extraction efficiencies of phenol were limited. However, the carrier concentration, NaOH concentration, Span−80 concentration, and phenol concentration had important impacts on the extraction efficiency of phenol. The extraction efficiency of phenol could reach 99.7%. Besides, the results of orthogonal experiments indicated that during the extraction of phenol by ELM, the order of importance of factors was NaOH concentration > emulsion‐external solution ratio > volume fraction of Span−80 > volume fraction of TBP. After extraction, the recycled emulsion with Span−80 could not easily be effectively demulsified through heating, which only provided the highest demulsification efficiency of 18.2%. However, the recycled emulsion could be effectively demulsified through centrifugation, which could get the highest demulsification efficiency of 86% at a centrifugal rotational speed of 2000 r/min and a centrifugal time of 25 min.
Attention to diet, exercise, and weight in oncology care: Results of an American Society of Clinical Oncology national patient survey
Authors: Ligibel Jennifer A. , Pierce Lori J. , Bender Catherine M. , Crane Tracy E. , Dieli‐Conwright Christina , Hopkins Judith O. , Masters Gregory A. , Schenkel Caroline , Garrett‐Mayer Elizabeth , Katta Sweatha , Merrill Janette K. , Salamone Jeannine M. , Brewster Abenaa M. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) surveyed cancer patients to assess practice patterns related to weight, diet, and exercise as a part of cancer care.MethodsAn online survey was distributed between March and June 2020 through ASCO channels and patient advocacy organizations. Direct email communication was sent to more than 25,000 contacts, and information about the survey was posted on Cancer.Net. Eligibility criteria included being aged at least 18 years, living in the United States, and having been diagnosed with cancer. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with recommendation and referral patterns.ResultsIn total, 2419 individuals responded to the survey. Most respondents were female (60.1%), 61.1% had an early‐stage malignancy, and 48.4% were currently receiving treatment. Breast cancer was the most common cancer (35.7%). The majority of respondents consumed ≤2 servings of fruits and vegetables/d (50.5%) and exercised ≤2 times/wk (50.1%). Exercise was addressed at most or some oncology visits in 56.8% of respondents, diet in 50.1%, and weight in 28.0%. Respondents whose oncology provider provided diet and/or exercise recommendations were more likely to report changes in these behaviors vs. those whose oncology provider did not (exercise: 79.6% vs 69.0%, P < .001; diet 81.1% vs 71.3%, P < .001; weight 81.0% vs 73.3%, P = .003).ConclusionsIn a national survey of oncology patients, slightly more than one‐half reported attention to diet and exercise during oncology visits. Provider recommendations for diet, exercise, and weight were associated with positive changes in these behaviors, reinforcing the importance of attention to these topics as a part of oncology care.
Rider exploitation based whale optimization algorithm for rainfall prediction from meteorological data
Authors: Das Ratnakar , Mishra Dr˙ Jibitesh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rainfall prediction is one of the major problems in meteorological department since it is related to the economy and human life. In addition, the heavy rainfall is the major problem of natural disasters like drought and flood. The accuracy of the rainfall forecasting has been spotted for countries like India and economy is greatly dependent by agriculture. This paper introduces a new rainfall prediction model consists of Feature extraction and Prediction. The features are extracted by modified Empirical Mean Curve Decomposition namely Empirical Mean Median Curve Decomposition, and then subjected to statistical analysis. The results of the statistical features are processed by the classification process. Neural network (NN) is used for the rainfall prediction. To improve the accuracy of proposed work, an optimal weight is and predicted result are multiplied, then, the weight in NN is optimally selected by a Rider Exploitation based Whale Optimization Algorithm. Finally, the performance of the proposed work is compared and proved over the state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of prediction rate.
How conflicts with partners help an underdog to innovate and grow the largest in the world‐case Metallica
Authors: Salmela Erno , Oikkonen Elena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine how conflicts with partners may help an underdog organization to innovate and grow. The research was conducted as a qualitative and longitudinal case study of Metallica band as the underdog, and its partners. Metallica was chosen as the focal company because of its conflict sensitivity, success, and ability to challenge the current state. The study indicates that conflicts with partners played a remarkable role in Metallica's innovativeness and growth. The band's music and appearance initially had many opponents, which Metallica had to overcome. Thus, competition was emphasized as a conflict management style. At the same time, the underdog effect was present. The giant leap in performance, however, took place when competition and collaboration styles were utilized in parallel. The study also presents a proposition for a new conflict process model including six improvements to the current model. The most important proposed improvement is coopetition as a new conflict management style.
Widespread occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Ontario, Canada, and predicted habitat suitability for the emerging Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans
Authors: Crawshaw Lauren , Buchanan Tore , Shirose Leonard , Palahnuk Amanda , Cai Hugh Y. , Bennett Amanda M. , Jardine Claire M. , Davy Christina M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChytridiomycosis, caused by the fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, is associated with massive amphibian mortality events worldwide and with some species’ extinctions. Previous ecological niche models suggest that B. dendrobatidis is not well‐suited to northern, temperate climates, but these predictions have often relied on datasets in which northern latitudes are underrepresented. Recent northern detections of B. dendrobatidis suggest that these models may have underestimated the suitability of higher latitudes for this fungus. We used qPCR to test for B. dendrobatidis in 1,041 non‐invasive epithelial swab samples from 18 species of amphibians collected across 735,345 km2 in Ontario and Akimiski Island (Nunavut), Canada. We detected the pathogen in 113 samples (10.9%) from 11 species. Only one specimen exhibited potential clinical signs of disease. We used these data to produce six Species Distribution Models of B. dendrobatidis, which classified half of the study area as potential habitat for the fungus. We also tested each sample for B. salamandrivorans, an emerging pathogen that is causing alarming declines in European salamanders, but is not yet detected in North America. We did not detect B. salamandrivorans in any of the samples, providing a baseline for future surveillance. We assessed the potential risk of future introduction by comparing salamander richness to temperature‐dependent mortality, predicted by a previous exposure study. Areas with the highest species diversity and predicted mortality risk extended 60,530 km2 across southern Ontario, highlighting the potential threat B. salamandrivorans poses to northern Nearctic amphibians. Preventing initial introduction will require coordinated, transboundary regulation of trade in amphibians (including frogs that can carry and disperse B. salamandrivorans), and surveillance of the pathways of introduction (e.g., water and wildlife). Our results can inform surveillance for both pathogens and efforts to mitigate the spread of chytridiomycosis through wild populations.
Identification of risk areas for Orobanche cumana and Phelipanche aegyptiaca in China, based on the major host plant and CMIP6 climate scenarios
Authors: Zhang Lu , Cao Xiaolei , Yao Zhaoqun , Dong Xue , Chen Meixiu , Xiao Lifeng , Zhao Sifeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractParasitic broomrape of the genus Orobanche poses a formidable threat to producing many crops in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Orobanche cumana and Phelipanche aegyptiaca are two of China's most destructive root parasitic plants, causing extreme sunflower, tomato, melon, and tobacco damage. However, the potentially suitable areas of O. cumana and P. aegyptiaca in China have not been predicted, and little is known about the important environmental factors that affect their extension. Due to their invasiveness and economic importance, studying how climate change and host plants may affect broomrapes’ distribution is necessary. In the study, we first predicted the potentially suitable areas of the invasive weeds (O. cumana and P. aegyptiaca) and their susceptible host plants (Helianthus annuus and Solanum lycopersicon) using MaxEnt. Then, the risk zones and distribution shifts of two broomrapes under different climate conditions were identified by incorporating the distribution of their susceptible host plants. The results highlighted that the potential middle‐ and high‐risk zones for O. cumana and P. aegyptiaca amounted to 197.88 × 104 km2 and 12.90 × 104 km2, respectively. Notably, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia were the highest‐risk areas within the distribution and establishment of O. cumana and P. aegyptiaca. Elevation and topsoil pH were the decisive factors for shaping O. cumana distribution; precipitation seasonality and annual precipitation were the dominant bioclimatic variables limiting the spread of P. aegyptiaca. The potentially suitable areas and risk zones of O. cumana would decrease significantly, and those of P. aegyptiaca would fluctuate slightly under future climate change scenarios. Overall, our study suggested that the two broomrapes’ risk zones will significantly northward to higher latitudes. The results will provide suggestions for preventing O. cumana and P. aegyptiaca.
Causes, temporal trends, and the effects of urbanization on admissions of wild raptors to rehabilitation centers in England and Wales
Authors: Panter Connor T. , Allen Simon , Backhouse Nikki , Mullineaux Elizabeth , Rose Carole‐Ann , Amar Arjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractData from wildlife rehabilitation centers (WRCs) can provide on‐the‐ground records of causes of raptor morbidity and mortality, allowing threat patterns to be explored throughout time and space. We provide an overview of native raptor admissions to four WRCs in England and Wales, quantifying the main causes of morbidity and mortality, trends over time, and associations between threats and urbanization between 2001 and 2019. Throughout the study period, 14 raptor species were admitted totalling 3305 admission records. The Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo; 31%) and Tawny Owl (Strix aluco; 29%) were most numerous. Relative to the proportion of breeding individuals in Britain and Ireland, Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus), Little Owls (Athene noctua), and Western Barn Owls (Tyto alba) were over‐represented in the admissions data by 103%, 73%, and 69%, respectively. Contrastingly Northern Long‐eared Owls (Asio otus), Western Marsh Harriers (Circus aeruginosus), and Merlin (Falco columbarius) were under‐represented by 187%, 163%, and 126%, respectively. Across all species, vehicle collisions were the most frequent anthropogenic admission cause (22%), and orphaned young birds (10%) were most frequent natural cause. Mortality rate was highest for infection/parasite admissions (90%), whereas orphaned birds experienced lowest mortality rates (16%). For one WRC, there was a decline in admissions over the study period. Red Kite (Milvus milvus) admissions increased over time, whereas Common Buzzard and Common Kestrel admissions declined. There were significant declines in the relative proportion of persecution and metabolic admissions and an increase in orphaned birds. Urban areas were positively associated with persecution, building collisions, and unknown trauma admissions, whereas vehicle collisions were associated with more rural areas. Many threats persist for raptors in England and Wales, however, have not changed substantially over the past two decades. Threats associated with urban areas, such as building collisions, may increase over time in line with human population growth and subsequent urban expansion.
Mating status affects female choice when females are signalers
Authors: Zweerus Naomi L. , van Wijk Michiel , Smallegange Isabel M. , Groot Astrid T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSexual selection in animals has been mostly studied in species in which males are signalers and females are choosers. However, in many species, females are (also) signalers. In species with non‐signaling females, virgin females are hypothesized to be less choosy than mated females, as virgins must mate to realize fitness and the number of available males is generally limited. Yet, when females signal to attract males, mate limitation can be overcome. We tested how virgin and mated females differ in their calling behavior, mating latency, and in mate choice, using the tobacco budworm Chloridea (Heliothis) virescens as an example for a species in which females are not only choosers but also signalers. We found that virgin females signaled longer than mated females, but virgin and mated signaling females were equally ready to mate, in contrast to non‐signaling females. However, we found that virgin signaling females showed weaker mate preference than mated females, which can be explained by the fact that females increase their fitness with multiple matings. Mated females may thus further increase their fitness by more stringent mate selection. We conclude that signaling is a crucial aspect to consider when studying female mate choice because signaling may affect the number of available mates to choose from.
The trajectory of renal function following mechanical circulatory support and subsequent heart transplantation
Authors: Bartfay Sven‐Erik , Kolsrud Oscar , Wessman Peter , Dellgren Göran , Karason Kristjan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimPatients with advanced heart failure (HF) frequently suffer from renal insufficiency. The impact of durable mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and subsequent heart transplantation (HTx) on kidney function is not well described.Methods and resultsWe studied patients with advanced HF who received durable MCS as bridge to transplantation (BTT) and underwent subsequent HTx at our centre between 1996 and 2018. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by 51Cr‐EDTA or iohexol clearance during heart failure work‐up; 3–6 months after MCS; and 1 year after HTx. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was classified according to KDIGO criteria based on estimated GFR. A total of 88 patients (46 ± 15 years, 84% male) were included, 63% with non‐ischaemic heart disease. The median duration of MCS‐treatment was 172 (IQR 116–311) days, and 81 subjects were alive 1 year after HTx. Measured GFR increased from 54 ± 19 during HF work‐up to 60 ± 16 mL/min/1.73 m2 after MCS (P < 0.001) and displayed a slight but nonsignificant decrease to 57 ± 22 mL/min/1.73 m2 1 year after HTx (P = 0.38). The trajectory of measured GFR did not differ between pulsatile and continuous flow (CF) pumps. Among patients 35–49 years and those who were treated in the most recent era (2012–2018), measured GFR increased following MCS implantation and subsequent HTx. Estimated GFR displayed a similar course as did measured GFR.ConclusionsIn patients with advanced heart failure, measured GFR improved after MCS with no difference between pulsatile and CF‐pumps. The total study group showed no further increase in GFR following HTx, but in certain subgroups, including patients aged 35–54 years and those treated during the latest era (2012–2018), renal function appeared to improve after transplant.