bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pre-ingestion Framework for Darwin Core Archives
Authors: Sadeghi Mahmoud , Koh Patricia , Newman Peggy 
Published: August 2022

The Atlas of Living Australia’s (ALA) Pre-ingestion Framework is our alternative to managing datasets via the Global Biodiversity Information Facility's (GBIF) Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT). The framework uses a system-agnostic Python codebase to create and update Darwin Core archives: building an archive from a core and extension csv files, merging two archives together, deleting records and identifying duplicates based on the identifiers. The framework dynamicly supports current Darwin Core and GBIF namespace terms.
Previously, this functionality was handled internally by a Java-based biocache-store ingestion application. While flexible and easy to call, this black box approach to data management created challenges like removing problem records and tracking and verifying data sources. Last year, as the ALA merged our ingestion codebase with GBIF's pipelines and upgraded our data store infrastructure, we took the opportunity to manage our source data exclusively as full Darwin Core archives, rather than partial text files or spreadsheets. Consequently, the Python-based framework consolidates a lot of work previously managed using a range of methodologies and technologies including Talend, Java and unix based scripting. Alongside the Darwin Core archive manipulation tools, it has handlers for harvesting data from secure external web services, web hosts or file servers.
The standardised approach to data loading paves the way for improved automation and workflow. The work has the potential to become an open source project to share with the Living Atlas and biodiversity informatics communities.
The Sociological History of Transforming TDWG to Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)
Authors: Ung Visotheary , Kampmeier Gail 
Published: August 2022

Thirty-seven years—why celebrate this prime number anniversary of the founding of the Taxonomic Databases Working Group (TDWG) in 1985? Because we wanted to look at the history of TDWG through its people (and coincidentally, 37˚C is considered "normal" human temperature, so why not?).
Records from 1985's inaugural meeting at the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques in Geneva, Switzerland, 28–30 September show that it was attended by 12 representatives of the botanical community. Although the attendees were listed by salutation (i.e., Dr., Prof., Mr.) and by first initials along with surnames, the group was all male, composed mainly of European and American botanists with doctorates.
How has TDWG morphed over these 37 years from a group of geeky botanists in the early days of museum computerization and six years before the World Wide Web was introduced to the public, to the organization known today as Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)?
TDWG has always been an open and community-driven organization with decisions made by consensus. Anyone can become a member, individuals as well as institutions (including government agencies, non-governmental organizations, programs, and projects). Everything TDWG produces comes from the expertise, collaboration, and support of its members—people and organizations who create, manage, integrate, and analyze biodiversity information.
Today's TDWG looks very different from the one in 1985, but the seeds of the organization were there, even then.
While this presentation is about TDWG's history as an organization, its focus will be on the heart of TDWG: its people. We would like to show how the organization has evolved in terms of gender balance, inclusivity actions, and our engagement to promote and enhance diversity at all levels. But more importantly, where do we—as a community—want to go in the future?
AMS-VegBank: a new database of vegetation plots for the Italian territory
Authors: Alessi Nicola , Bruzzaniti Vanessa , Buldrini Fabrizio , Centomo Emma , Cervellini Marco , Enea Mirko , Landi Sara , Lelli Chiara , Montanari Irene , Nascimbene Juri , Pezzi Giovanna , Virzí Gianmarco , Zannini Piero , Chiarucci Alessandro 
Published: August 2022

The importance of collection, storage and exchange of georeferenced vegetation plot-based data has significantly grown in the recent decades, because of the new potentialities offered by ecoinformatics. In this article we introduce the Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna vegetation database (AMS-VegBank; GIVD code EU-IT-021) compiling 17,505 georeferenced vegetation-plot observations within a time span of 90 years. This database includes 337,799 occurrence data of vascular plant species, belonging to many different habitat types. The historical relevance of the presented database is highlighted by the presence of some of the most ancient vegetation-plot observations in Europe (years 1930–1938). The geographic coverage of the database is mostly for Italian territory but it includes also data from other countries. The thematic focuses represented in the database are various, such as small Mediterranean islands, the Dolomite Mountains and the Italian National Parks. The large amount of historical plots available for the country not previously included in existing databases, combined with the constant action to improve the georeferencing of existing data and the addition of new data, highlight the uniqueness of this database. AMS-VegBank represents thus an important tool for studying plant biodiversity within the context of continental and global vegetation plot databases.
Taxonomic reference: All plant names reported in this article follow the nomenclature by Pignatti et al. (2017–2019).
Abbreviations: EVA = European Vegetation Archive; GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases.
Visual impairments amongst preschool and school attendees: A scoping review of vision school screening in Nigeria and Kenya
Authors: Langeggen Irene , Ofochebe Kenechukwu 
Published: August 2022

Background: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasises the importance of quality education and good health. Vision problems affect the academic performance of schoolchildren in developing and under-resourced countries. The most prevalent vision problem amongst children is uncorrected refractive errors (URE).Aim: To gain knowledge about vision problems and visual impairments (VI) through school vision screening amongst children in Kenya and Nigeria.Method: A scoping review of online databases (Web of Science and PubMed) and one African registry (African Journals Online) for articles from January 2011 until April 2021 was conducted. The authors included 26 articles of the 439 screened.Results: The literature revealed inconsistencies in how VI was defined. The main cause of vision problems is URE. Furthermore, there is a lack of systematic school vision screening tools and programmes.Conclusion: Efficient eye care services to schoolchildren aged 3–18 years in Kenya and Nigeria must involve multiple disciplinary interventions and governmental responsibility. Collaboration models between public and private health sectors, nongovernmental organisations and families are necessary to prevent VI amongst children. Better vision enhances school performance.
Prosthetic and Dental Implant Patient's Biosafety during MRI Procedure
Authors: Rao Jitendra , Shah Anshdha , Singh Kalpana , Tiwari Bhawana 
Published: August 2022

Aims and Objectives:
The survey was conducted to evaluate the awareness among dentists and radiologists regarding the safety and interactions of dental materials in relation to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire was circulated among professionals of the North Indian population as Google forms to assess their awareness regarding the safety of dental implants in MRI field, and the results were calculated by the same application.

Results:
A majority of the professionals seemed to be well-informed regarding the magnetic nature of materials used as dental implants. However, there were mixed opinions regarding the biosafety of different dental materials used for prosthetic restoration of implants or as prosthesis that maybe attached to oral structures.

Conclusion:
The present survey revealed that the most professionals possess the knowledge and awareness about biosafety of dental materials, there still a further need to increase awareness to avoid dilemmas in routine practice.
Efficacy of Online Mental Health Program “EmoAid” during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gupta Shilpa , Gupta Deepak , Goel Eti , Rehman Usama 
Published: August 2022

Background:
COVID-19 has triggered public health crises all around the globe. It has caused mental health issues not only in infected cases but also in uninfected cases. The world was put under strict/restricted lockdown to contain the transmission of COVID-19 diseases. All important aspects of life including therapies and counseling went online. “EmoAid” is one such online mental health program started during the COVID-19 to ease psychological distress.

Aim:
The current study assessed the efficacy of “EmoAid” program.

Methods:
One hundred and twenty-two participants completed depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 online at three time periods; before the program (T1), after the program (T2), and 3 weeks after the program to study the maintenance effect (T3).

Results:
The results suggested that the program was successful in decreasing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among participants. The maintenance effect of the program was also observed.

Conclusion:
The results highlight the importance of “EmoAid,” an online mental health program in lowering the levels of psychological distress during the pandemic, however, a randomized controlled study is required to validate the results.
Conservative Management of Congenital Unilateral Eyelid Ectropion in a 3-Day-Old Neonate in Jos North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Panshak Tenmang , V. Ramyil Alice , Maigida Nievel Buetnaan , Anyika Pamela Onyinye , Wade Patricia 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Congenital ectropion is a rare congenital eyelid eversion with chemosis. It is twice more common in males. We report a case of congenital unilateral eversion of the upper eyelid with severe chemosis that was successfully managed conservatively.

Aim:
The case is being reported for its rarity, demonstrating effectiveness of conservative management with 3% hypertonic saline. Also to create awareness of the diseases and ease of management amongst health workers.

Case Presentation:
The patient was a 4 day old female child with a congenital unilateral eversion of the right upper eyelid and severe chemosis following uneventful delivery. Patient was also noticed to be febrile, but no other physical or systemic anomaly. A conservative treatment approach was used which consisted of the application of antibiotics eye drop and ointment and padding of the eye with 3% hypertonic saline soaked gauze. The eyelid reverted spontaneously after 3 days and the condition was completely resolved without complications.

Conclusion:
Congenital eyelid eversion is a benign condition that excellently responds to conservative treatment. Creating awareness of its existence and treatment approach amongst health workers is essential.
Normative Clinical Reference for Intima-media Thickness of Carotid Arteries Among Nigerian Adults
Authors: Kpuduwei Selekeowei Peter Kespi , Kiridi Enefia Kelvin , Ibegu Opumunu , Amasiatu Valentine Chidozie 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries is said to be predictive of the risk of cerebrovascular accidents in patients and said to be affected by sex, age, and race. The lack of normative reference values of carotid IMT can adversely affect the screening of subclinical atherosclerosis in Nigeria. Sonography is the most widely used tool in clinical practice for IMT determination.

Aim:
This study was aimed at obtaining sonographic reference values of the IMT of the carotid arteries of healthy adult Nigerians for clinical use.

Study Design:
This is a prospective study, where participants were selected by a simple random technique.

Setting:
The study was carried out in 2019 on adult Nigerians from different ethnic backgrounds that resided in Bayelsa State.

Materials and Methods:
The study population was 104 healthy Nigerian adults both male and female between 18 and 64 years of age. Excluded were those without informed consent, Nigerians aged below 18 and above 65 years, anyone with a history of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or metabolic disorders, and athletes. After confirming normal blood pressure and taking their physical measurements, participants’ necks were scanned with an “EcoMed” ultrasound machine version VERTU-3 Portable USG with a linear transducer and a frequency of 7.0 MHz by an experienced radiologist.

Results:
The IMT was recorded for the subjects in millimetres where common carotid artery: males = 0.487 ± 0.014, females = 0.480 ± 0.010 with a reference range of 0.200–0.750 mm; internal carotid artery: males = 0.500 ± 0.019, females = 0.459 ± 0.013 with a reference range of 0.200–0.750 mm; external carotid artery: males = 0.479 ± 0.018, females = 0.437 ± 0.014 with a reference range of 0.180–0.780 mm. The values for the males were higher than those of the females; however, they were not statistically significant. There was also no statistically significant difference between right and left sides in the IMT despite the right persistently being higher than the left in the general study population.

Conclusion:
This study has been able to provide reference values for IMT of the carotid arteries among Nigerians for clinical use in the meantime. We believe that a systematic review of similar data can further be done for the standardisation of national reference.
Comparison of the effect of miconazole and clotrimazole in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis among women seen in a tertiary medical center from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Marquez Shiara Marriz T. , Reyes Lylah D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is one of the frequent infections of the female genital tract and is the second most common cause of vaginal infections after bacterial vaginosis. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, azoles are the first-line treatment for VVC. Among the azoles available in the Philippines, only miconazole and clotrimazole are recommended for both pregnant and non-pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE:
Compare the effect of miconazole versus clotrimazole in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis among patients seen at the out-patient department in a tertiary hospital

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This involved review of the records of patients diagnosed with VVC in a tertiary medical center from 2016 to 2020. All records of women, pregnant and non-pregnant, wherein single-dose 1200 mg miconazole or 6-day 100 mg clotrimazole given vaginally were included.

RESULTS:
Eleven out of the 316 records (3.46%) remained symptomatic after treatment, about 18.1% (2/161) from those who used miconazole and 81.8% (9/155) from those treated with clotrimazole (p 0.027). In terms of failure rate, for miconazole it was 1.2% (2/161), whereas for clotrimazole it was 5.8% (9/155). None of the charts were found to have recorded adverse reaction to the given treatment.

CONCLUSION:
Single-dose miconazole intravaginal regimen has a higher clinical cure rate than the 6-day clotrimazole intravaginal treatment. Thereby, single-dose intravaginal miconazole has the potential to improve patient compliance and treatment outcome at a lower cost.
Paratubal mass carcinosarcoma
Authors: Albon Irish Kate A. , Billod Jimmy A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Carcinosarcoma, formerly known as malignant mixed Mullerian tumors (MMMTs) are highly aggressive tumors that include both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal or stromal elements. The most common site of carcinosarcomas in a female reproductive organ is the endometrium with an incidence of 2/100,000 females, whereas carcinosarcomas arising from the paratubal mass are extremely rare malignancies accounting for fewer than 0.1% of MMMTs. Carcinosarcomas of the Fallopian tube usually occur in the fifth to sixth decades in postmenopausal women with the most common presenting symptom of abdominal pain, followed by vaginal bleeding and abdominal distention. There have been limited published cases worldwide, that is, it has been a thing of interest to be analyzed in today's era. A rare case of paratubal carcinosarcoma is highlighted in this paper as it discourses its clinicopathological characteristics and assesses the prognostic factors associated with treatment outcome and survival.
A successful spontaneous pregnancy after surgery and chemotherapy in a patient with recurrent dysgerminoma
Authors: Pasigon Amor M. , Billod Jimmy A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Dysgerminoma comprises 3%–5% among ovarian malignancies, mostly seen in adolescent and early adult women. The recurrence rate is approximately 10%–20%, occurring within 2 years of diagnosis, and has been reported that more than 75% occur in the 1st year. A 19-year-old nulligravid initially presented with severe abdominal pain, who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy, whose histopathologic result revealed dysgerminoma, Stage IC2. Recurrence of dysgerminoma was noted on the contralateral ovary 10 months after for which she had undergone another surgery for wedge resection of the right ovarian mass and complete surgical staging. She received adjuvant chemotherapy without complications. Despite two consecutive surgeries and chemotherapy, she had conceived naturally and her pregnancy was carried to term with no complications and delivered to a live baby girl by normal spontaneous delivery. This case is a proof of how fertility-sparing surgeries and chemotherapy in dysgerminoma can successfully preserve reproductive functions for future conceptions.
A case series on the use of pessaries for shortened cervix
Authors: Elauria-Manalastas Jean Aileen M. , Amin-Ong Almira J. , Prodigalidad-Jabson Lisa T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A cervical length <25 mm is correlated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. Pessaries have been used in patients with a short cervix to prevent preterm birth. Compared to cerclage, it is seen as a novel approach, which is more affordable, less invasive, and can be inserted at a later gestational age. We present our experience on the use of pessaries for shortened cervix. In this case series, we inserted a pessary in pregnant patients from 10 to 30 weeks of age of gestation (mean 23 weeks) with cervical length of 0.9 cm to 2.1 cm. We were able to prolong the pregnancy in 5 of the 7 cases with a mean interval to delivery of 14 weeks. One proposed mechanism of a pessary for shortened cervix is that it directs the inclination of the cervix posteriorly, which allows majority of the weight of the pregnancy to lie on the anterior segment of the uterus instead of on the internal cervical os. Based on the cases presented, we have proposed some guidelines in offering a pessary for patients with a shortened cervix: (1) recommend a pessary in patients with a cervical length <25 mm or a diagnosis of cervical insufficiency; (2) exclude infection or active labor; and (3) remove the pessary if there is rupture of membranes, significant vaginal bleeding, or persistent uterine contractions.
Adorno avec Sade…
Authors: Comay Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Este artículo analiza cómo la obra de Sade puede leerse para iluminar las aporías de la razón ilustrada y la ley moral. Sade ha sido contemplado como el retorno de lo reprimido en la razón kantiana (Adorno) o como el secreto impensado que anima todo el sistema moral de Kant (Lacan). El artículo sostiene que leer a Sade con Adorno podría significar cuestionar el círculo vicioso de la repetición de la transgresión y la ley, así como el tedio de una racionalidad instrumental, para abrir una nueva comprensión de la ontología y la historia.
Financial Ethics and Performance of Kenyan Small and Medium Commercial Banks
Authors: Ogutu Amos Washika , Kuya Johnstone 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Past empirical investigations on financial ethics have failed to provide an empirical analysis of the primary unethical banking practices prevalent in Kenya’s banking industry, or the perceptions of banking professionals on the type of concerns they believe might be influencing their resolution making. This study aimed at investigating the impact of ethical financial practices on the financial performance of small and medium banks in Kenya. The specific objectives of this research were to; analyse the effect of insider abuse and to investigate the effect of predatory lending on financial performance of small and medium sized commercial banks in Kenya.
Methodology: The research was informed by the Ethical Egoism Theory which predisposes that people should entirely act in their self- interest. The study involved 124 heads of key functional units of the 33 small and medium banks in Kenya that were operational at the time of the study. From the target population of 124 bank managers, a proportionate stratified sample of 94 bank managers was selected for the study using Cochran and Snedecor (1989). Utilizing both primary data, the study applied a semi-structured questionnaire as the main research instrument. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using the 23rd version of SPSS. From the analyses, the independent variables (predatory lending and insider dealings) moderately influenced the dependent variable (ROA and ROE) with an adjusted R2 = 0.025.
Findings: From the findings, the Multiple Determination Coefficient (R2) was 0.056 meaning that linear regression of “Low fit goodness” explains only 5.6% of the variation in the economic performance of the small and medium banks in Kenya. To establish the cumulative effect of the variables of prediction on the dependent variable, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine and analyse the effects of interaction. The study concluded that, a number of insider dealings and predatory banking practices still prevail among the small and medium Kenyan banks despite the ongoing reforms in the banking sector.
Recommendations: The study recommends that commercial banks and other financial institutions in Kenya invest more in establishing systems that promote financial ethics in their service delivery to build their core competency in the dynamic market. At policy level, this study proposes that the Central Bank of Kenya, the Treasury and, other line agencies fast-track the fiscal reform agenda with regards to prudential banking and financial service delivery to mitigate the influence of systemic supervisory weaknesses.