bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelvic Organ Prolapse According To Educational Level
Authors: Guan Yiqi , Han Jinsong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common among middle-aged and older women and its medical burden will increase with aging of the population. In addition to risk factors such as age, parity, vaginal delivery, and body mass index (BMI), we analyzed the impact of educational level on POP.
Methods
We included 993 adult female patients with "vaginal prolapse" as the main complaint in the gynecological clinic of the Third Hospital of Peking University from January 2017 to December 2020. Patients were divided into four groups according to educational level: A (primary school and below), B (junior middle school), C (senior high school). and D (university and above). The epidemiological data of each group were analyzed and compared.
Results
The mean age of patients was 63.4 ± 13.4 years, and mean BMI was 24.4 ± 3.1 kg/m2. Age, BMI, parity, the number of high-risk factors, and years since onset were significantly higher in group A than in other groups. BMI, parity, and the number of high-risk factors in group D were significantly lower than those in other groups. No significant difference was found in the distribution of patients in each group over the past 4 years.
Conclusions
Patients with low education levels were older than those with medium and higher education levels and they had higher BMI, more vaginal delivery, more POP high-risk factors, and a longer time from onset to treatment. Greater attention is needed in this patient population to prevent and treat POP.
The rapid release of sex pheromone reflects increasing willingness of female moths to mate
Authors: Guo Qianshuang , Wu Shaolong , Li Jiaying , Zhuo Fuyan , Liu Binghui , Du Caroline , Zhu Jingquan , Du Yongjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is generally believed that female adults release sex pheromone to attract males in its calling behavior for mating. The female Helicoverpa armigera moth has a grade 1 ovary the day after emergence and develops into matured grade 3 on day 1. Mating peak is at Day 1 and 2, 1:00 of the circadian rhythm. The extrusion percentage and time of the ovipositor, typical calling signal, are lengthened as age increases, with the highest after Day 3 of age. The ovipositor extrusion elevates the release rate of sex pheromone by enlarging the releasing area, and after extrusion, the release rate increases with increasing ambient temperature. The peak of pheromone emission is on Day 3, 3:00 of the circadian rhythm. Mating time is earlier than pheromone biosynthesis, emission and release in female moths. After mating, the pheromone titer drops to a trace level before returning to its original level after 3 days. The activity time of male moths to sex pheromone is longer than that of females. We conclude that the accelerated release of sex pheromone increases a female moth's willingness to mate. If the female finds a conspecific male and mates successfully, the pheromone titer reduces to save energy.
Impact of One Year of Pandemic on Spanish Intensive Care Units
Authors: Vidal-Cortés Pablo , Martín María Cruz , Díaz Emili , Bodí María , Igeño José Carlos , Garnacho-Montero José 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged ICUs all over the world and their capacity was often exceeded. Our aim is to measure the impact of the pandemic at different levels in Spanish ICUs.Methods: On-line survey, conducted in April 2021, among members of the Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, Crítica y Unidades Coronarias.Results: We received 246 answers from 157 hospitals. 67.7% of the ICUs were expanded during the pandemic, with an overall increase in beds of 58.6%. The ICU medical staff increased by 6.1% and there has been a nursing shortage in 93.7% of units. In 88% of the hospitals the collaboration of other specialists was necessary to manage the patient overload, which exceeded 200% of the pre-pandemic ICU capacity. The predominant collaboration model consisted of the intensive care medicine specialist being responsible for triage and coordinating the care of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Despite that 53.2% centres offered training for critically ill patient care, a deterioration in the quality of care was perceived. 84.2% hospitals drew up a Contingency Plan and in 77.8% of the hospitals a multidisciplinary committee was set up to agree on decision-making. Self-evaluation of the work performed was outstanding and 91.9% felt proud of what they had achieved. 16.7%, however, regretted becoming intensivist and up to 15% considered leaving their job. 61.8%, 79.3% and 89.4% of the participants have the feeling that the opinion about the ICU has improved for hospital management, for other specialists and for the general population (respectively). In 75.3% of the hospitals, at least one member of the ICU medical team has been infected with COVID-19.Conclusions: The Spanish ICUs assumed an unprecedented increase in the number of patients. They achieved it without hardly increasing their staff and, while intensive care medicine training was carried out for other specialists who collaborated. Despite the overload, the degree of job satisfaction was consistent with pre-pandemic levels.
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Combined With Nimotuzumab in Stage III-IVa Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: a Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Cai Zhuochen , Chen Dongni , Qiu Wenze , Liang Chixiong , Huang Yingying , Zhou Jiayu , Zhan Zejiang , Xiang Yanqun , Guo Xiang , Lv Xing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The efficacy and safety of nimotuzumab (NTZ) added to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was investigated in patients with stage III-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods: Patients with stage III-IVa NPC treated with CCRT, with or without NTZ, were screened between January 2015 and December 2017. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were compared between these groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce the selection bias. Nomogram models were developed to predict survival of CCRT with or without NTZ. Results: A total of 426 patients were included after PSM, with 213 patients in each regimen. Compared with NPC patients receiving CCRT alone, patients who received NTZ plus CCRT treatment had significantly better OS (5-year OS, 76.1% vs. 72.3%, P = 0.004), PFS (5-year PFS, 73.2% vs. 69.0%, P = 0.002), and LRFS (5-year LRFS, 73.2% vs. 69.0%, P = 0.028). A multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that, compared with receiving CCRT alone, NTZ plus CCRT was an independently positive factor for OS, PFS, and LRFS. In addition, no significant difference was observed in the major toxicities among the two treatments (all P>0.05). Nomogram models that identified significant prognostic factors were produced.Conclusion: The present study suggested the NTZ plus CCRT treatment presented favorable clinical outcomes for stage III-IVa NPC patients with good tolerance and similar toxicity compared to CCRT alone. A prospective, randomized clinical trial is essential to validate the current findings.
Design And Analysis of Miniaturized Polarization And Incident Angle Insensitive Quad-Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Singh Hari Shankar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a miniaturized polarization and incident angle independent quad-band terahertz metamaterial absorber for sensing applications. The geometrical structure of the proposed design consists of one circle enclosed within two square rings. The design is etched on a low-cost FR-4 substrate having a thickness of 2μm. The size of the proposed unit cell is 20μm × 20μm. It provides 94.9%, 95.4%, 98.7%, and 97.8% absorption at 2 THz, 3.8 THz, 8.9 THz, and 10.8 THz, respectively. The polarization and incident angle independence is also checked to validate the stability of the structure. Additionally, the design evolution and the surface current distribution of the design is provided to have better insight into the structure.
Plaque Regrowth Dynamics with Use of an Oscillating-Rotating Electric Toothbrush Measured by Digital Plaque Image Analysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Peron Priscila Ferrari , Adam Ralf , Grender Julie , Mesples Uta , Hoke Phyllis , Rubush Mike , Anastasia Mary Kay , Erbe Christina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to compare dental plaque regrowth dynamics across 8 days between an oscillating-rotating (O-R) electric toothbrush and a manual toothbrush using Digital Plaque Imaging Analysis (DPIA). A randomized crossover trial involving adult participants with ≥10% plaque coverage on anterior teeth was conducted. Thirty-four subjects were randomized to one of 4 treatment sequences, each having four 8-day treatment periods. Subjects brushed twice daily with the assigned toothbrush. Morning and afternoon plaque were evaluated on days 1, 3, and 8. The primary variable was afternoon percent plaque coverage, evaluated across 8 days. The O-R toothbrush produced lower mean plaque levels versus the manual toothbrush for all endpoints over 8 days (P≤0.001). The benefit for the O-R toothbrush increased over time, demonstrating 16.4% and 28.1% lower afternoon plaque levels on Days 1 and 8, respectively compared to the manual brush. Trends were similar for morning plaque. Repeated measures analyses showed a 21.2% reduction in overall afternoon plaque and a 23.5% reduction in overall morning plaque for the O-R brush versus the manual brush (P < 0.001). The O-R toothbrush resulted in less overnight and afternoon plaque regrowth versus the manual toothbrush at all time points, and the benefit increased over 8 days.
Efficacy and Safety of A Novel Antiviral Preparation in ICU-Admitted Patients with COVID-19: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Faramarzi Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein , HOSSEINPOUR AHMAD , Khaloo Vahid , Chamanpara Parisa , Heydari Mohammad Reza , Najafi Sajad , Khankahdany Fatemeh Fotoohi , Movahedpour Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
IntroductionDespite an increasing number of studies, there is as yet no efficient antiviral treatment developed for COVID-19. In this clinical trial, we examined the efficacy of a novel herbal antiviral preparation comprising Zataria multiflora Boiss, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Cinnamomum Vermont, Allium sativuml, and Syzygium aromaticum in critically ill patients with COVID-19.Methods A total number of 120 ICU-admitted patients requiring pulmonary support with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia were recruited to the trial. Participants were equally randomized to receive either the novel antiviral preparation sublingually, for up to two consecutive weeks or till discharge, or placebo. Clinical and laboratory parameters as well as survival rates were compared between the two groups at the study end.Results The cumulative incidence of death throughout the study period was 8.33% in the intervention group and 60% in the placebo group (risk ratio: 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05 to 0.32; P<0.001). Survival rates were significantly higher in the intervention group. Additionally, on day 7, several laboratory factors including white blood cells (WBCs) count, C-reactive protein, and SpO2 were improved in patients treated with the novel antiviral preparation compared with the placebo group.Conclusion The novel antiviral preparation tested in this trial significantly improved the survival rate and reduced mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Thus, this preparation might be suggested as a potentially promising COVID-19 treatment. Funded by Shimi Teb Salamat Co., Shiraz, Iran, and registered on the Iranian registry of clinical trials (Trial registration: IRCT20200509047373N2. Registered 13 April 2021).
Implementation and Evaluation of A New Model of Online, Facilitated, Peer Group Supervision for Dietitians Working in Eating Disorders: A Descriptive Overview Informed by The Kirkpatrick Training Evaluation Framework
Authors: Davis Amanda , Meloncelli Nina , Hannigan Amy , Ward Warren 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe recently published Australia and New Zealand Academy of Eating Disorders (ANZAED) practice and training standards for dietitians providing eating disorder treatment identified gaps in training for dietitians and recommended dietitians working in eating disorders (ED) seek further clinical experience, training, and supervision to provide effective, evidence- informed treatment. However, access to dietetic clinical supervision is problematic, secondary to limited trained supervisors, location, cost, and lack of organisational support. Demand for clinical supervision to expected to increase with the introduction of credentialing for ED clinicians in 2022. In 2018, QuEDS piloted an innovative model of group, online, facilitated and structured peer supervision with the goal of improving access to ED-specific clinical support. Positive evaluation of the QuEDS Facilitated Peer Group Support (QuEDS F-PGS) pilot led to a broader rollout of an additional four groups which were evaluated to formalise the F-PGS model and demonstrate its utility, acceptability, and implementation.MethodsGroups consisted of 10 Queensland-based dietitians from public hospital, community or private practice with a Facilitator and Co-facilitator. Monthly 90minute sessions were moderated, structured, and consisted of complex case discussions plus focus topic presentations. Participant experience was evaluated with anonymous, voluntary surveys at baseline, 6 months, plus a one-off survey in August 2021 informed by the Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire and Kirkpatrick’s 4 level model of training evaluation. Program implementation was evaluated using the RE-AIM framework.ResultsParticipant survey responses were highly positive across the four Kirkpatrick training evaluation domains of reaction, learning, behaviour, and results. Model implementation was positively evaluated with respect to reach, efficacy, and implementation. Respondents indicated they would recommend F-PGS to other dietitians and 96% planned to continue with the programme, a positive indicator of program sustainability.ConclusionsQuEDS F-PGS program effectively utilised limited resources to provide more than 50 dietitians located in rural/regional and metropolitan areas with monthly, equitable access to ED-specific expertise and clinical support. QuEDS F-PGS is a cost-effective framework of peer group support which positively impacts dietitian’s confidence and ability to deliver dietetic interventions in the ED arena and by inference the dietetic care of people with eating disorders.
Thermal, Chemical and Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders Extracted from Field Cores
Authors: Deef-Allah Eslam , Abdelrahman Magdy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Asphalt binders were extracted and recovered from field cores that were collected from different routes. These cores were for asphalt mixes containing virgin asphalt binders (VABs) with different performance grades (PGs) and different asphalt binder (ABR) replacement percentages by reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and/or recycled asphalt shingles (RAS). These mixes had ages between 4 and 14 years during the sampling process, thus the extracted asphalt binders (EABs) were treated as long-term aged binders. Using RAP/RAS in asphalt mixes alters the performance of EABs at intermediate temperatures. Thus, the resistance of EABs to fatigue cracking was explored through rheological testing that included Superpave fatigue cracking parameter (|G*|.sinδ) and the number of load repetitions to failure (Nf). Thermal properties of EABs were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis; different parameters were evaluated from the thermal analysis [e.g., percentage of residue (%R) and onset temperature (Tonset)]. The chemical properties of EABs were examined by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy through evaluating carbonyl (ICO), sulfoxide (ISO), aromatic (ICC), and aliphatic (ICH) indices. The relationships between the resistance of EABs to fatigue cracking, thermal and chemical properties were scrutinized. Ages of mixes, ABR percentage by RAP/RAS, and PGs of VABs controlled the resistance of EABs to fatigue cracking. Direct relationships were observed between |G*|.sinδ and %R, ISO and Nf, ICH and Nf, ICO and %R, and ICC and %R. Inverse relationships were found between Nf and Tonset, Nf and %R, Nf and ICO, Nf and ICC, %R and ISO, and %R and ICH.
Use of rare earth elements as tracers for soil–plant transfer of trace elements
Authors: Arbalestrie Bryan , Falys Julie , Bemelmans Nathan , Thami Adil , Agnan Yannick 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Transfer of trace elements from soil to plant is a corner stone for risk assessment. Rare earth elements (REE) are frequently used as geochemical tracers for element transfer to plant. In this study, we evaluated biogeochemical behaviors of trace elements and REE in the soil–plant continuum to assess to what extend the REE monitoring allows identifying preferential pathway from soil to plant.

Methods

We quantified 11 trace elements and 14 REE in soil, root, shoot, soil solution, and soil water-extract samples of an intercropping cover crop. Evaluation of the element mobility was performed using both soil extractability and transfer factors.

Results

Results showed distinct soil–plant transfer of trace elements according to their biological roles or substitution potential. Soil, root, and shoot REE patterns were similar, indicating a large influence of soil REE composition on plant one. Compared to light REE (LREE), heavy REE (HREE) were more extractable and thus transferred to plants. We also observed differences in Ce and Eu behavior concerning soil extractability and transfer from root to shoot.

Conclusion

Soil solution and soil water-extract samples are not chemically representative of the fraction that can be uptaken by plants. However, LREE/HREE and Ce/Eu ratios in soil solution and soil water-extract samples can be used as indicators of environmental conditions.
Diversity And Distribution of Type VI Secretion System In Bacterial Plasmids
Authors: Morgado Sergio , Vicente Ana Carolina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a nanomolecular apparatus that allows the delivery of effector molecules through the cell envelope of a donor bacterium to prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic cells, playing a role in the bacterial competition, virulence, and host manipulation. T6SS is patchily distributed in bacteria and rarely reported in mobile elements, such as plasmids and integrative and conjugative elements. The impact that T6SS may have on bacteria fitness and the lack of evidence on its radiation mechanism led us to question whether natural plasmids could represent a key mechanism in the spread of T6SS in bacteria. Therefore, we performed an in-silico analysis to reveal the association of T6SS and plasmids. This secretion system was mined in more than 30,000 plasmids from Genbank, based on the presence of at least nine of 11 T6SS core proteins (TssA-M). T6SS was identified in 303 plasmids (~1%), all belonging to the same T6SS type, occurring mainly in Proteobacteria (301/303), particularly in Rhizobium and Ralstonia genera. Interestingly, most of the bacteria carrying T6SS-harboring plasmids did not encode T6SS in their chromosomes, suggesting a fitness cost to maintain this element on mobile platforms.
Can We Predict Turnover Intention in Nursing Students? An Exploration of the Relationship Between Resilience, Burnout and Their Relationship with Future Turnover Intention
Authors: Shaabna Zareefa , Sarhan Adnan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Globally nursing is deemed a demanding profession. Recently, attention has been placed on the psychological well-being of employed nurses. Since nursing students are the future of the nursing workforce, it is essential to advance our understanding of the role of resilience in decreasing burnout and future turnover intention in nursing students. Aim: The study aimed to assess the levels of resilience and burnout, examine the relationship between the two measures, and to determine the relationship between the two measures with future turnover intention and participants' demographics. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted using an online survey on 409 undergraduate nursing students from three large nursing institutions in West Bank-Palestine. The study used The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10), The Burnout Scale, and a demographic data sheet.Results: Moderate levels of resilience and burnout were found among the participants. The analysis revealed a negative correlation between resilience and burnout (r = -0.35). In addition, the study findings showed that almost half of the students (46.9%) were not satisfied with their major when they joined the nursing program, and half of the students (50.1%) intended to leave nursing profession in the future. In this study, higher resilience was associated with male gender, wanting to study nursing, playing exercise/sports, working, living on campus, receiving support from friends and family, intention to stay in the nursing profession, and studying for a week or more of the exam. Whereas not receiving support from family & friends, not exercising, smoking, intend to leave nursing profession, higher academic level, lower GPAs, studying an hour or less daily, and studying in a day or less of the exam were all associated with higher burnout.Conclusion: Resilience in nursing students might play an important role in decreasing global nursing shortage by enhancing academic success and decreasing future intention to leave and burnout.