bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The associations between caregivers’ psychosocial characteristics and caregivers’ depressive symptoms in stroke settings: a cohort study
Authors: Koh Yen Sin , Subramaniam Mythily , Matchar David Bruce , Hong Song-Iee , Koh Gerald Choon-Huat 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudies have found that caregivers can influence stroke survivors’ outcomes, such as mortality. It is thus pertinent to identify significant factors associated with caregivers’ outcomes. The study objective was to examine the associations between caregivers’ psychosocial characteristics and caregivers’ depressive symptoms.MethodsThe analysis obtained three-month and one-year post-stroke data from the Singapore Stroke Study, which was collected from hospital settings. Caregivers’ depressive symptoms were assessed via the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression instrument. Psychosocial characteristics of caregivers included subjective burden (Zarit Burden Interview), quality of care-relationship (a modified 3-item scale from the University of Southern California Longitudinal Study of Three-Generation Families) and expressive social support (an 8-item scale from Pearlin et al.). Mixed effect Tobit regressions were used to examine the associations between these study variables.ResultsA total of 214 caregivers of stroke patients hospitalized were included in the final analysis. Most caregivers were Chinese women with secondary school education, unemployed and married to the patients. Caregivers' subjective burden was positively associated with their depressive symptoms (Partial regression coefficient: 0.18, 95% CI 0.11–0.24). Quality of care-relationship (Partial regression coefficient: − 0.35, 95% CI − 0.63 to − 0.06) and expressive social support (partial regression coefficient: − 0.28, 95% CI − 0.37 to − 0.19) were negatively associated with caregivers’ depressive symptoms. Caregivers’ depressive symptoms were higher at three-month post-stroke than one-year post-stroke (Partial regression coefficient: − 1.00, 95% CI − 1.80 to − 0.20).ConclusionThe study identified subjective burden, quality of care-relationship and expressive social support as significantly associated with caregivers’ depressive symptoms. Caregivers’ communication skills may also play a role in reducing caregivers’ depressive symptoms.
Analysis of crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investors via a q-rung orthopair fuzzy hybrid decision-making approach
Authors: Wu Xiaohang , Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEffective crowdfunding platforms positively contribute toward improving microgrid energy management systems. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis is required to understand the key factors responsible for success in crowdfunding systems by considering various criteria. This study evaluates crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investments. In this context, a novel fuzzy decision-making model that includes two different stages is proposed. First, the selected criteria for the crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investments are evaluated. Second, alternatives, regarding the microgrid project investments, are ranked. In this process, a multi-stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (M-SWARA) approach based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) is considered. Intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy sets are also used in the calculation process to make a comparative evaluation. Similarly, a sensitivity analysis of the ranking alternatives is also conducted with 12 different q values. All the results are rather similar; thus, the findings are reliable. Another model is also created for this purpose with the help of the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution methodologies to check the performance of the proposed model. It is defined that by considering the q-ROF DEMATEL weights, the ranking results vary for different cases. The proposed model with a M-SWARA is more reliable than the model created via the DEMATEL method. This situation provides information regarding the superiority of the model proposed in this study. It is concluded that security is the most important factor in crowdfunding platforms for smart-grid project investors. Additionally, solar panels and energy storage systems/batteries are the most significant alternatives for microgrid project investors. Necessary measures should be taken to forestall the risk of fraud that may occur on this platform. Therefore, the website to be established must be secure against possible hacking attacks. Another important conclusion of this study is that solar panels should be preliminarily developed to increase the effectiveness of microgrid systems.
Time-course changes in DNA damage of corneal epithelial cells in rabbits following ocular instillation with genotoxic compounds
Authors: Tahara Haruna , Yamagiwa Yoshinori , Haranosono Yu , Kurata Masaaki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In eye-drop drug development, the additional genotoxicity tests in some cases might be necessary to assess genotoxicity in the ocular surface since the ocular surface is exposed directly to high drug concentrations. Recently, an in vivo comet assay using corneal epithelial cells in rabbits following single ocular instillation was developed as an assay to evaluate genotoxicity in ocular tissues. In this study, we investigated the time-course changes in DNA damage after ocular instillation of genotoxic compounds to evaluate the optimal sampling timing for in vivo comet assay of the ocular surface tissue. Ethidium bromide (EtBr), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) were administered to the eyes of the rabbits. Corneas were collected at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h after administration, and the comet assay was performed. In addition, the in vitro comet assay was performed to assess the time-course changes in DNA damage induced by short-time exposure to the genotoxic compounds.

Results
The mean % tail DNA, which is an indicator for DNA damage, in the corneal epithelial cells treated with all compounds exhibited statistically significant increases compared with those in the negative controls of saline at 0.5, 2, 4, and 6 h. There was a difference in the DNA damage response between EtBr and the other two compounds. In the 3% MMS- and 1% 4-NQO-treated eyes, the values of the % tail DNA were the highest at 0.5 h and then decreased gradually. In contrast, in the 1% EtBr-treated eyes, the highest value was noted at 4 h. The results of the in vitro comet assay showed that the % tail DNA increased in all groups. A further increase in the % tail DNA occurred in the EtBr-treated cells even after removing the compound but not in the MMS- and 4-NQO-treated cells.

Conclusion
Relatively high values of the % tail DNA were maintained from 0.5 to 6 h after administration, suggesting that the optimal sampling time is any one point from 0.5 to 6 h in the comet assay of the corneal surface.
Biomarker Assay Validation by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Fernández-Metzler Carmen , Ackermann Brad , Garofolo Fabio , Arnold Mark E. , DeSilva Binodh , Gu Huidong , Laterza Omar , Mao Yan , Rose Mark , Vazvaei-Smith Faye , Steenwyk Rick 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDecades of discussion and publication have gone into the guidance from the scientific community and the regulatory agencies on the use and validation of pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic assays by chromatographic and ligand binding assays for the measurement of drugs and metabolites. These assay validations are well described in the FDA Guidance on Bioanalytical Methods Validation (BMV, 2018). While the BMV included biomarker assay validation, the focus was on understanding the challenges posed in validating biomarker assays and the importance of having reliable biomarker assays when used for regulatory submissions, rather than definition of the appropriate experiments to be performed. Different from PK bioanalysis, analysis of biomarkers can be challenging due to the presence of target analyte(s) in the control matrices used for calibrator and quality control sample preparation, and greater difficulty in procuring appropriate reference standards representative of the endogenous molecule. Several papers have been published offering recommendations for biomarker assay validation. The situational nature of biomarker applications necessitates fit-for-purpose (FFP) assay validation. A unifying theme for FFP analysis is that method validation requirements be consistent with the proposed context of use (COU) for any given biomarker. This communication provides specific recommendations for biomarker assay validation (BAV) by LC-MS, for both small and large molecule biomarkers. The consensus recommendations include creation of a validation plan that contains definition of the COU of the assay, use of the PK assay validation elements that support the COU, and definition of assay validation elements adapted to fit biomarker assays and the acceptance criteria for both.
Hydrogenation-induced high-temperature superconductivity in two-dimensional molybdenum carbide Mo2C3
Authors: Jiao Na , Liu Hao-Dong , Yang Liu , Li Ya-Ping , Zheng Mengmeng , Lu Hong-Yan , Zhang Ping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) superconductors have important potential applications in constructing nano superconducting devices, thus, 2D superconductors with high critical temperature (T

c
) are highly desired. Till now, the T

c
of 2D superconductors are still relatively low. Based on density functional first-principles calculations, we predicted a new stable 2D transition metal molybdenum carbide 2H-Mo2C3. Based on the Eliashberg theory, we predict that it is not a superconductor. However, after hydrogenation, the hydrogen atoms increase the electronic density of states at the Fermi level, and strengthen the electron-phonon coupling. Accordingly, the hydrogenated 2H-Mo2C3, i.e., 2H-Mo2C3H2, is a 2D superconductor with T

c
of 53 K, exceeding the McMillan limit. Thus, hydrogenation is an important strategy for obtaining 2D high-temperature superconductors at atmosphere pressure. In view of the high superconducting T

c
of 2H-Mo2C3H2, it is highly expected to be synthesized in future experiments.
Can the abyss swallow gravitational waves or why do we not observe echoes?
Authors: Konoplya Roman A. , Zhidenko Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Here we propose a simple explanation why echoes from wormholes mimicking black holes may be so small that they cannot be observed. The essence of the effect is in the redistribution of the initial energy of gravitational wave among multiple universes, connected by a wormhole.
Endocardial identity is established during early somitogenesis by Bmp signalling acting upstream ofnpas4landetv2
Authors: Capon Samuel J. , Uribe Veronica , Dominado Nicole , Ehrlich Ophelia , Smith Kelly A. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe endocardium plays important roles in the development and function of the vertebrate heart; however, few molecular markers of this tissue have been identified and little is known about what regulates its differentiation. Here, we describe the Gt(SAGFF27C); Tg(4xUAS:egfp) line as a marker of endocardial development in zebrafish. Transcriptomic comparison between endocardium and pan-endothelium confirms molecular distinction between these populations and time-course analysis suggests differentiation as early as eight somites. To investigate what regulates endocardial identity, we employed npas4l, etv2 and scl loss-of-function models. Endocardial expression is lost in npas4l mutants, significantly reduced in etv2 mutants and only modestly affected upon scl loss-of-function. Bmp signalling was also examined: overactivation of Bmp signalling increased endocardial expression, whereas Bmp inhibition decreased expression. Finally, epistasis experiments showed that overactivation of Bmp signalling was incapable of restoring endocardial expression in etv2 mutants. By contrast, overexpression of either npas4l or etv2 was sufficient to rescue endocardial expression upon Bmp inhibition. Together, these results describe the differentiation of the endocardium, distinct from vasculature, and place npas4l and etv2 downstream of Bmp signalling in regulating its differentiation.
Honey bees respond to multimodal stimuli following the principle of inverse effectiveness
Authors: Gil-Guevara Oswaldo , Bernal Hernan A. , Riveros Andre J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Multisensory integration is assumed to entail benefits for receivers across multiple ecological contexts. However, signal integration effectiveness is constrained by features of the spatiotemporal and intensity domains. How sensory modalities are integrated during tasks facilitated by learning and memory, such as pollination, remains unsolved. Honey bees use olfactory and visual cues during foraging, making them a good model to study the use of multimodal signals. Here, we examined the effect of stimulus intensity on both learning and memory performance of bees trained using unimodal or bimodal stimuli. We measured the performance and the latency response across planned discrete levels of stimulus intensity. We employed the conditioning of the proboscis extension response protocol in honey bees using an electromechanical setup allowing us to control simultaneously and precisely olfactory and visual stimuli at different intensities. Our results show that the bimodal enhancement during learning and memory was higher as the intensity decreased when the separate individual components were least effective. Still, this effect was not detectable for the latency of response. Remarkably, these results support the principle of inverse effectiveness, traditionally studied in vertebrates, predicting that multisensory stimuli are more effectively integrated when the best unisensory response is relatively weak. Thus, we argue that the performance of the bees while using a bimodal stimulus depends on the interaction and intensity of its individual components. We further hold that the inclusion of findings across all levels of analysis enriches the traditional understanding of the mechanics and reliance of complex signals in honey bees.
Development of Visible Light-Driven Hybrid Catalysts Composed of Earth Abundant Metal Ion Modified TiO2 and B12 Complex
Authors: Shichijo Keita , Watanabe Midori , Hisaeda Yoshio , Shimakoshi Hisashi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The development of highly-functional visible light-driven hybrid catalysts (B12-Mn+/TiO2) prepared from B12 complexes (B12) derived from natural vitamin B12, earth-abundant metal ions (Mn+), and titanium oxide (TiO2) was reported. The metal ions, such as Cu2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Mg2+, were modified on the surface of TiO2 (2.4 × 10−5–9.9 × 10−5 mol/g) to obtain effective response to visible light, and the B12 complex was also loaded (6.2 × 10−6–1.1 × 10−5 mol/g) to produce a highly-functional hybrid catalyst. Amide formations from dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) catalyzed by the B12-Mn+/TiO2 proceeded in up to 89% yields in the presence of triethylamine (NEt3) under visible light irradiation (λ ≧ 420 nm) in air at room temperature. These hybrid catalysts could be classified into two groups based on these reactivities, and it was found that the B12-Mg2+/TiO2 showed the most effective catalytic activities of all the prepared samples. The B12-Mg2+/TiO2 also catalyzed the syntheses of fine chemicals, such as N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzeamide (DEET), and N,N-diethylcyanoformamide, from the corresponding trichloromethyl compounds (FG-CCl3) with about 80% yields.
Czy wizja małżeństwa i rodziny papieża Franciszka ujęta w Amoris laetitia może być pastoralną kontynuacją encykliki Pawła VI Humanae vitae?
Authors: Pieja Wiesław 
Published: May 2022

Poprawnie zbudowana etyka jest możliwa na fundamencie integralnej antropologii. Antropologia ta zakłada poszanowanie godności osoby ludzkiej. Owa godność w szczególny sposób dotyka małżeństwa i rodziny. Karol Wojtyła wiele razy poruszał zagadnienie godności małżeńskiej. Obecnie, ponownie przypominamy aktualność nauczania Humanae vitae Pawła VI, czyli te podstawowe prawdy dotyczące małżeństwa i rodziny, zrodzenia potomstwa, przekazu wiary, uzupełnione o Amoris laetitia papieża Franciszka. W końcowej wersji artykułu zamieszczamy, zagrożenia wynikające z „wybujałego indywidualizmu” oraz kryzysy przekazane przez papieża Franciszka. Naszym celem było ukazanie aktualnego nauczania Franciszka w adhortacji Amoris laetitia, o małżeństwie, rodzinie i zagrożeniach, jako pastoralnej kontynuacji encykliki Humanae vitae Pawła VI.
Generación de un constructo de narrativa memética desde la incidencia sociodigital
Authors: NAVA LA CORTE FERNANDO 
Published: May 2022

En el presente trabajo se exponen las interpretaciones de los usos sociales, significados y reinterpretaciones de una serie de memes y publicaciones de Instagram para reconocer el tratamiento simbólico dado a cada una de ellas y su impacto entre la sociedad contemporánea. Consecutivamente, se estudió la función informativa que desempeñaron sus variadas narrativas en los medios digitales. A partir de la certeza del conocimiento y de las relaciones que intervienen en estas comunicaciones, se pudieron establecer analogías de aplicaciones y procesos que generan propuestas con fines establecidos, en condiciones que responden a las lecturas del universo memético. La aproximación metodológica de análisis de contenido que se plantea es de carácter cualitativo y el trabajo de campo empírico está circunscrito dentro del universo narrativo digital contemporáneo, que permite identificar ensambles y desensambles con los que las personas buscan visibilizar y dar respuesta a sus preocupaciones cotidianas, políticas, académicas o laborales. El trabajo termina con la distinción de cinco narrativas meméticas
First records of road-killed mammals in the state of Sinaloa, México
Authors: Rubio-Rocha Yamel , Gaxiola-Camacho Soila , Morales-García María , Artigas-Gutiérrez Brayan , Sánchez-Ríos Alfredo , Carvajal-Sauceda Fabiola , Espinoza-Evans Gerardo 
Published: May 2022

La ausencia de datos sobre el impacto que genera el tráfico vehicular en las poblaciones de animales silvestres motivó la presente investigación, que tuvo como objetivo conocer el número de muertes por atropellamiento de mamíferos en las carreteras de Sinaloa, México. Los registros de las colisiones se obtuvieron a través de transectos libres en carreteras, registros de la red social Naturalista y reportes ciudadanos. Se identificaron 11 especies de mamíferos, resaltando algunos en estado de conservación como el jaguar (Panthera onca), el ocelote (Leopardus pardalis) y el tlalcoyote (Taxidea taxus). Se obtuvieron 45 registros de colisiones en las carreteras de la región centro-sur del estado dentro del periodo de febrero de 2019 a junio de 2021. Las especies con más accidentes registrados fueron el coatí (Nasua narica), el tlacuache (Didelphis virginiana) y el lince (Lynx rufus). Este trabajo documenta por primera vez la mortalidad de mamíferos como resultado de las colisiones con el tráfico vehicular y resalta la necesidad de dirigir mayores recursos en esta línea de investigación que emerge ante la necesidad de conservar la fauna silvestre y la integridad de los usuarios de las carreteras
Comparison of road-killed mammals on roads of different types of jurisdictions and traffic volume in Veracruz, México
Authors: Ruíz-Ramírez Lucero , González-Gallina Alberto , Soto Víctor , Pacheco-Figueroa Coral Jazvel , Pech-Canché Juan Manuel 
Published: May 2022

Los proyectos viales son un elemento importante de desarrollo humano, pero a la vez representan un riesgo para la fauna silvestre, por lo que el objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el número de mamíferos atropellados en tres tipos de caminos en función de su jurisdicción y flujo vehicular en el norte del estado de Veracruz, México. Se seleccionaron dos caminos por tipo de jurisdicción (federal, estatal y municipal) en dos tipos de flujo vehicular, alto y bajo, registrando de manera sistemática todos los mamíferos silvestres atropellados y enriqueciendo el inventario con registros no sistemáticos. Se emplearon pruebas no paramétricas para analizar las diferencias en los atropellamientos de mamíferos en función del tipo de camino y flujo. Se registraron 49 individuos atropellados pertenecientes a 4 especies y 1 género de mamíferos sin determinar a nivel específico, además de 3 especies por registros incidentales, donde Didelphis marsupialis representa la especie más atropellada. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las tasas de atropellamientos en función del tipo de camino, pero sí con relación al flujo vehicular, con mayores registros durante el flujo alto. Los registros no sistemáticos permitieron enriquecer el inventario de especies atropelladas en la zona, además de incluir el registro de 2 especies de mamíferos bajo alguna categoría de protección. Las características biológicas de las especies condicionan su grado de afectación por las carreteras; la afluencia vehicular es un factor importante que determina el impacto de las carreteras sobre la fauna silvestre. Los registros no sistemáticos pueden ayudar a mejorar los inventarios y brindar mejores herramientas para evaluar el efecto de las carreteras sobre la fauna silvestre.
Influence of Subsurface Pipe Perforations on Transient Water Table Response and Steady Soil-Water Flux under Subirrigation
Authors: Gaj Naresh , Madramootoo Chandra A. 
Published: May 2022

HighlightsWater table rise was slower under a sparsely perforated pipe as compared to a pipe that was densely perforated.Response time increased as buried pipe depth decreased for both combinations of perforation characteristics.Fluxes from buried pipes spaced at 15 m in loamy sand satisfied the water demand for cereal/grain crops (6 mm d-1).Increasing perforation density on the pipe wall is the most effective way to reduce exit head losses.Abstract. It is important to consider the water table rise into the unsaturated zone when designing subsurface irrigation systems that consist of buried perforated corrugated pipes. Corrections to pipe spacing equations for head losses due to perforations are based on the entrance resistance, which is derived for buried pipes operating in drainage mode. However, the boundary condition at the soil-pipe interface when operated in subsurface irrigation mode requires the use of the exit resistance to accurately account for perforations in the pipe wall. Simulations of a subsurface irrigation system with four soil textures, three lateral pipe spacings, and three buried depths were carried out, with the numerical model COMSOL, to demonstrate the effects of variable perforation characteristics on the transient water table rise into the unsaturated zone. Soil-water fluxes were also computed for the system when operated under steady-state conditions. The simulated water table rise exceeded or approached a predetermined target water level of 1.65 m above the buried pipes in coarse-textured soils (loamy sands and silt loams) with lateral pipe spacings as large as 10 m. Increasing the number and length of rectangular slots in the pipe wall (densely perforated) can reduce the water table response time to reach the target level by 15 h in a silt loam soil and 25 h in a clay soil. The optimum pipe spacing needed to sustain a soil-water flux of 6 mm d-1 (common to eastern Canada and the U.S. Midwest) can be increased from 15.1 to 16.2 m in loamy sands by using densely perforated pipes. In contrast, increasing perforations in pipes buried in clays and sandy clays will result in pipe spacing increases of less than 0.2 m because these fine-textured soils have lower hydraulic conductivity. This study has demonstrated that variable perforation characteristics can be included in the analysis and design of subsurface drainage systems for improving water management. Keywords: Corrugated perforated pipes, Exit resistance, Head loss, Subirrigation, Unsaturated zone, Water table response.