bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a genomic region containing genes involved in resistance to four pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica rapa turnip ECD02
Authors: Rahaman Mizanur , Strelkov Stephen E. , Hu Hao , Gossen Bruce D. , Yu Fengqun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease of brassica crops worldwide. Vegetable turnip (Brassica rapa L.) have proven to be a source of clubroot resistance genes effective against many pathotypes of P. brassicae. The F1 progeny from the cross B. rapa canola ACDC (susceptible, S) × B. rapa turnip ECD02 (resistant, R) were backcrossed with ACDC, then self‐pollinated to produce BC1S1 lines. All the F1 plants were resistant to four pathotypes (3A, 3D, 3H, and 5X) of P. brassicae. Segregation for R and S in BC1 to each pathotype was 1:1 and resistance reactions were highly correlated. From whole genome sequencing, 192.1 M sequences with 96% template coverage from ECD02, and 478.9 M sequences with 92% coverage from ACDC, were aligned with the reference genome of B. rapa. Genotyping‐by‐sequencing was performed on the BC1 population. The number of aligned short reads per plant in the BC1 ranged from 1.4 to 8.5 M sequences with 4–8% template coverage. We obtained 1,344 high‐quality single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci with a mean missing rate at 0.27% and distributed them on 10 chromosomes. A single co‐localized quantitative trait loci (QTL), designated as Rcr9ECD02 on chromosome A08, conferred resistance to the four pathotypes. The QTL explained 68.9–74.4% of phenotypic variation with the logarithm of the odds values of 24.3 to 31.1. Bulked segregant analysis was performed, and 14 SNP markers linked to the gene were developed using the Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR. Rcr9ECD02 was mapped into an interval of 2.2 cM, flanked by CF_A08_10664692 and CF_A08_12230973, which spanned 1.51 Mb on the chromosome and included 219 B. rapa genes. Four of these genes (BraA08g012910.3C, BraA08g012920.3C, BraA08g013130.3C, and BraA08g013630.3C) encoded disease resistance proteins.
Clinical findings and assessment of factors associated with survival in dogs presenting with hyperbilirubinaemia: 115 cases in Victoria, Australia (2015–2020)
Authors: Brough Abigail , Caraguel Charles , Ciaravolo Susan , Stickney Alison 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionHyperbilirubinaemia is an important clinicopathological finding in canine medicine. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical presentation and outcome of dogs with hyperbilirubinaemia; also to identify factors associated with survival.Materials and methodsRetrospective study of dogs with hyperbilirubinaemia from two referral centres in South Australia (2015–2020). Signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathological data, diagnosis and outcome were obtained from searching clinical records. Univariable analysis and logistic regression modelling were used to compare outcomes and overall survival.ResultsA total of 115 cases were included. The most common clinical signs were vomiting (63.5%), anorexia (62.6%), lethargy (55.7%) and pyrexia (18.3%). Pre‐hepatic icterus was diagnosed in 18 cases (15.7%), hepatic icterus in 51 cases (44.3%) and post‐hepatic icterus in 42 cases (36.5%). The median survival time across all cases was 40 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9–126 days). There was an increased risk of death in dogs with serum bilirubin greater than 60 μmol/L at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.55; 95% CI: 1.53–8.22; p‐value = 0.003) and in dogs with pre‐hepatic icterus compared to hepatic (OR = 4.35; 95% CI: 1.18–16.0; p‐value = 0.027) and post‐hepatic icterus (OR = 6.52; 95% CI: 1.67–25.5; p‐value = 0.007).ConclusionsPre‐hepatic icterus was associated with a significantly higher risk of death than hepatic and post‐hepatic icterus. Serum bilirubin >60 μmol/L at diagnosis was associated with a significantly shorter median survival time. This cut‐off may be useful in discussions with owners regarding pursuing further diagnostic investigation and treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to prove the validity of this cut‐off.
Hydrogen economy in India: A status review
Authors: Kar Sanjay Kumar , Sinha Akhoury Sudhir Kumar , Harichandan Sidhartha , Bansal Rohit , Balathanigaimani Marriyappan Sivagnanam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIndia's rapid population growth and steady industrialization mean that energy demand will grow in industry, transport, electricity, and cooling. Due to greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets, fossil fuels will be less preferred to meet energy demand and consumption. Significantly, the transport sector will move toward green fuel, including hydrogen. However, most hydrogen is now produced from fossil fuels through partial oxidation or steam reforming natural gas or coal gasification. This article examines the continuous progress of hydrogen regarding its production, storage, and commercialization in India. Given the versatility in nature, hydrogen shall play a crucial role in decarbonizing the Indian economy by 2050. India's hydrogen energy roadmap was envisioned for an operational hydrogen economy by 2020. The objectives of the hydrogen roadmap remained unfulfilled. We found that inadequate infrastructural developments, lack of proactive policies, insufficient investment in the hydrogen value chain, slow market readiness, and a shortage of public awareness have contributed to the hydrogen economy's derailment in India. The proposed National hydrogen energy mission aims to revive India's hydrogen economy. Stakeholders should focus on hydrogen research, development, value chain development, and hydrogen technology commercialization.This article is categorized under:
Emerging Technologies > Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Human and Social Dimensions > Social Acceptance
Policy and Economics > Energy Transitions
Public involvement, trust, and support for endangered species programs
Authors: Connelly Nancy A. , Bruce Lauber T. , Stedman Richard C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe success of wildlife conservation, including endangered species programs, often depends on public support. We examined public support for threatened and endangered species management in New York State (NYS) and the factors influencing support. We surveyed 3 stakeholder groups important to the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) in 2017: residents of upstate New York, hunters, and anglers. We measured support in 2 ways: (1) the importance people placed on the government protecting threatened and endangered species in NYS, and (2) satisfaction with DEC's efforts to protect these species. Using structural equation modeling, we examined factors hypothesized to increase public support: trust in the agency, adequate public involvement in decision‐making, and the perceived importance of program outcomes. For hunters and anglers, we found that perceived adequacy of public involvement was positively related to program satisfaction, but only because it fostered perceptions of good management decisions. Although adequacy of public involvement also contributed to program satisfaction for upstate residents, we found no evidence that they were more satisfied because they thought public involvement led to better decisions. For all 3 groups the perception of adequate public involvement was directly related to trust in the agency, which in turn was positively related to belief in agency competency to protect threatened and endangered species. Our results suggest that wildlife managers can enhance public satisfaction with decisions and programs through public involvement, communication about how public involvement contributes to decisions, and building trust in the agency.
A context-dependent and disordered ubiquitin-binding motif
Authors: Dreier Jesper E. , Prestel Andreas , Martins João M. , Brøndum Sebastian S. , Nielsen Olaf , Garbers Anna E. , Suga Hiroaki , Boomsma Wouter , Rogers Joseph M. , Hartmann-Petersen Rasmus , Kragelund Birthe B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUbiquitin is a small, globular protein that is conjugated to other proteins as a posttranslational event. A palette of small, folded domains recognizes and binds ubiquitin to translate and effectuate this posttranslational signal. Recent computational studies have suggested that protein regions can recognize ubiquitin via a process of folding upon binding. Using peptide binding arrays, bioinformatics, and NMR spectroscopy, we have uncovered a disordered ubiquitin-binding motif that likely remains disordered when bound and thus expands the palette of ubiquitin-binding proteins. We term this motif Disordered Ubiquitin-Binding Motif (DisUBM) and find it to be present in many proteins with known or predicted functions in degradation and transcription. We decompose the determinants of the motif showing it to rely on features of aromatic and negatively charged residues, and less so on distinct sequence positions in line with its disordered nature. We show that the affinity of the motif is low and moldable by the surrounding disordered chain, allowing for an enhanced interaction surface with ubiquitin, whereby the affinity increases ~ tenfold. Further affinity optimization using peptide arrays pushed the affinity into the low micromolar range, but compromised context dependence. Finally, we find that DisUBMs can emerge from unbiased screening of randomized peptide libraries, featuring in de novo cyclic peptides selected to bind ubiquitin chains. We suggest that naturally occurring DisUBMs can recognize ubiquitin as a posttranslational signal to act as affinity enhancers in IDPs that bind to folded and ubiquitylated binding partners.
Spreading Equilibria Under Mildly Singular Potentials: Pancakes Versus Droplets
Authors: Durastanti Riccardo , Giacomelli Lorenzo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study global minimizers of a functional modeling the free energy of thin liquid layers over a solid substrate under the combined effect of surface, gravitational, and intermolecular potentials. When the latter ones have a mild repulsive singularity at short ranges, global minimizers are compactly supported and display a microscopic contact angle of$$\pi /2$$π/2. Depending on the form of the potential, the macroscopic shape can either be droplet-like or pancake-like, with a transition profile between the two at zero spreading coefficient for purely repulsive potentials. These results generalize, complete, and give mathematical rigor to de Gennes’ formal discussion of spreading equilibria. Uniqueness and non-uniqueness phenomena are also discussed.
Linking mitochondrial dynamics and fertility: promoting fertility by phoenixin through modulation of ovarian expression of GnRH receptor and mitochondrial dynamics proteins DRP-1 and Mfn-2
Authors: Basha Eman H. , Eltokhy Amira K. B. , Eltantawy Asmaa Fawzy , Heabah Nehal A. E. , Elshwaikh Shereef Lotfy , El-Harty Yasmeen M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract Obesity is linked to reproductive disorders. Novel neuropeptide phoenixin demonstrated many therapeutic actions. In this study, we aim to evaluate phoenixin’s potential effect in obesity-induced infertility through modulating mitochondrial dynamics. Ninety adult female rats were divided to 4 groups: (I), fed with normal pellet diet; (II), given phoenixin; (III), fed with high-fat diet. Rats that developed obesity and infertility were divided to 2 groups: (III-A), received no further treatment; (III-B), given phoenixin. Our results showed that phoenixin treatment in obese infertile rats significantly decreased serum levels of insulin and testosterone and ovarian levels of dynamin-related protein1(Drp1),reactive oxygen species ROS, TNF-α, MDA, and caspase-3. Phoenixin treatment also significantly increased serum estrogen progesterone, LH, and FSH together with ovarian levels of GnRH receptor (GnRHR), mitofusin2(Mfn2), mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), and electron transport chain (ETC) complex-I significantly when compared with obese group. Ovarian histopathological changes were similarly improved by phoenixin. Our data demonstrate phoenixin’s role in improving obesity-induced infertility.Graphical abstract
Work: saviour or struggle? A qualitative study examining employment and finances in colorectal cancer survivors living with advanced cancer
Authors: Lim Chloe Yi Shing , Laidsaar-Powell Rebekah C. , Young Jane M. , Steffens Daniel , Koczwara Bogda , Zhang Yuehan ,   The advanced-CRC survivorship authorship group, Lim Chloe Yi Shing , Laidsaar-Powell Rebekah C. , Young Jane M. , Solomon Michael , Steffens Daniel , Koh Cherry , Ansari Nabila , Yeo David , Blinman Prunella , Beale Philip , Koczwara Bogda , Joshy Grace , Zhang Yuehan , Butow Phyllis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Continuing employment or returning to work (RTW) as a cancer survivor can be meaningful and financially necessary, yet challenging. However, there is a lack of qualitative research on RTW experiences and financial wellbeing of people with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC-A). This study aimed to fill this gap.

Methods
Adults treated for CRC-A were recruited 0.5–2 years post-surgery (or post-diagnosis of CRC-A for palliative chemotherapy participants). Semi-structured telephone interviews, exploring RTW and finances, were subjected to framework analysis. Demographic, clinical, and quality of life data (FACT-C, Distress Thermometer, COST measure) were collected to characterise the sample and inform the framework analysis.

Results
Analysis of 38 interviews revealed five overarching themes: work as a struggle, work as my identity, work as my saviour, work as a financial necessity, and employer and colleague response. Many survivors with CRC-A desired to, and had the capacity to, continue work or RTW, yet faced unique challenges from compounded stigma of both cancer and toileting issues. Inability to RTW negatively impacted financial and psychosocial wellbeing. Workplace support was an important facilitator of RTW.

Conclusion
For survivors with CRC-A, continuing or RTW is fraught with challenges, including physical functioning challenges, financial anxiety, and unsupportive workplace environments. Survivors require psychosocial, financial, and employer support to manage these difficulties. This paper recommends a multiprong approach, including education programmes (facilitated through workers’ union groups, human resource institutions, and/or large consumer CRC groups) and policies, to support workers and for employers to understand the unique challenges of employees with CRC-A.
Event prediction within directional change framework using a CNN-LSTM model
Authors: Rostamian Ahoora , O’Hara John G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFinancial forecasting has always been an intriguing research area in the field of finance. The widely accepted approach to forecast financial data is to perform predictions using time series data. In time series analysis, sampling the financial data with a predefined frequency (e.g. hourly, daily) leads to an uneven and discontinued data flow. Directional Change is a newly proposed approach that replaces physical time within the financial data and establishes an event-driven framework. With the emergence of the machine and deep learning-based methods, researchers have utilised them in financial time series. These techniques have shown to outperform conventional approaches. This paper aims to employ the CNN-LSTM model to investigate its predictive competence within the Directional Change (DC) framework to predict DC event prices. To obtain this objective, we first create the tick bars/candles of the GBPUSD, EURUSD, USDCHF, and USDCAD tick prices from January to August 2019. Then, the DC-based summaries of the selected tick bar/candle for each currency pair will be generated and fed to the CNN-LSTM model. The CNN-LSTM network architecture incorporates the robustness of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in feature extraction and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in predicting sequential data. The results suggest that the performance of the CNN-LSTM model improves significantly within the DC framework.
Do demographic and clinical features and comorbidities affect the risk of spread to an additional body site in functional motor disorders?
Authors: Ercoli Tommaso , Tinazzi Michele , Geroin Christian , Marcuzzo Enrico , Erro Roberto , Cuoco Sofia , Ceravolo Roberto , Mazzucchi Sonia , Pilotto Andrea , Padovani Alessandro , Romito Luigi Michele , Eleopra Roberto , Zappia Mario , Nicoletti Alessandra , Dallocchio Carlo , Arbasino Carla , Bono Francesco , Spano Giorgio , Demartini Benedetta , Gambini Orsola , Modugno Nicola , Olivola Enrica , Bonanni Laura , Albanese Alberto , Ferrazzano Gina , Tessitore Alessandro , Lopiano Leonardo , Calandra-Buonaura Giovanna , Petracca Martina , Morgante Francesca , Esposito Marcello , Pisani Antonio , Manganotti Paolo , Tesolin Lucia , Teatini Francesco , Stocchi Fabrizio , Defazio Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess changes in the body distribution and the semeiology of functional motor disorder (FMD) in patients who reported only one or more than one body site affected at FMD onset. Data were obtained from the Italian Registry of Functional Motor Disorders, which included patients with a diagnosis of clinically definite FMDs. The relationship between FMD features and spread to other body sites was estimated by multivariate Cox regression analysis. We identified 201 (49%) patients who reported only one body site affected at FMD onset and 209 (51%) who reported multiple body sites affected at onset. FMD spread from the initial site to another site in 43/201 (21.4%) patients over 5.7 ± 7.1 years in those with only one site affected at FMD onset; FMD spread to an another body site in 29/209 (13.8%) over 5.5 ± 6.5 years. The spread of FMD was associated with non-motor functional symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities only in the patients with one body site affected at FMD onset. Our findings provide novel insight into the natural history of FMD. The number of body sites affected at onset does not seem to have a consistent influence on the risk of spread. Furthermore, our findings suggest that psychiatric comorbidities and non-motor functional symptoms may predict the spread of FMD symptoms, at least in patients with one body site affected at onset.
Fast Augmented Lagrangian Method in the convex regime with convergence guarantees for the iterates
Authors: Boţ Radu Ioan , Csetnek Ernö Robert , Nguyen Dang-Khoa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work aims to minimize a continuously differentiable convex function with Lipschitz continuous gradient under linear equality constraints. The proposed inertial algorithm results from the discretization of the second-order primal-dual dynamical system with asymptotically vanishing damping term addressed by Boţ and Nguyen (J. Differential Equations 303:369–406, 2021), and it is formulated in terms of the Augmented Lagrangian associated with the minimization problem. The general setting we consider for the inertial parameters covers the three classical rules by Nesterov, Chambolle–Dossal and Attouch–Cabot used in the literature to formulate fast gradient methods. For these rules, we obtain in the convex regime convergence rates of order $${\mathcal {O}}\left( 1/k^{2} \right) $$

O

1
/

k
2

for the primal-dual gap, the feasibility measure, and the objective function value. In addition, we prove that the generated sequence of primal-dual iterates converges to a primal-dual solution in a general setting that covers the two latter rules. This is the first result which provides the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by a fast algorithm for linearly constrained convex optimization problems without additional assumptions such as strong convexity. We also emphasize that all convergence results of this paper are compatible with the ones obtained in Boţ and Nguyen (J. Differential Equations 303:369–406, 2021) in the continuous setting.
Larval dispersal from an energetic tidal channel and implications for blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) shellfisheries
Authors: Demmer Jonathan , Neill Simon P. , Andres Olga , Malham Shelagh K. , Jones Trevor , Robins Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractComplex coastal currents control early-stage larval dispersal from intertidal populations, and late-stage settlement patterns, but are often poorly resolved in larval dispersal models. Generally, there is high uncertainty in the timing of larval spawning, which markedly affects larval dispersal. In this study, we describe the physical parameters that induce spawning events in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, using a variation of the Condition Index (which relates the mass of meat to the mass of the shell) as a proxy. We developed a high-resolution Eulerian coastal hydrodynamic model, coupled with a Lagrangian particle tracking model, to quantify the potential dispersal of early-stage mussel larvae based on differing spawning dates obtained from field data. Our results showed that (1) the timings of larval spawning cannot be explained solely by ‘thermal shocks’ in the sea or air temperatures (i.e. fluctuations in temperature causing stress); (2) larger spawning events generally occurred during neap tides; (3) the simulated larval dispersal was largely but not always predicted by averaged current pathways (calculated over two weeks period); and (4) simulated self-recruitment was low at sites associated with strong tidal currents. These results have important implications for shellfisheries stock management and sustainability. Specific to this study, simulated mussels from shellfishery beds off North Wales dispersed more than 25 km in one week and so could feasibly contribute to the wider population throughout the northern part of the Irish Sea.
Implicit and Explicit Gender-Related Cognition, Gender Dysphoria, Autistic-Like Traits, and Mentalizing: Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Cisgender and Transgender Adults
Authors: Kallitsounaki Aimilia , Williams David M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvidence indicates a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gender diversity, yet this intersection remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigated whether (1) ASD affects gender-related cognition (i.e., mental processes of perceiving and interpreting one’s own gender self-concept), (2) autistic people have increased gender dysphoria and recall limited gender-typed behavior from childhood, and (3) transgender individuals have increased ASD-like traits and difficulties in mentalizing. A total of 106 non-autistic cisgender (51 birth-assigned female), 107 autistic cisgender (57 birth-assigned female), 78 non-autistic transgender (41 birth-assigned female), and 56 autistic transgender adults (27 birth-assigned female) participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 31.01 years (range = 18 to 70). Using an explicit as well as an implicit measure, for the first time, we found that ASD affected gender-related cognition only in autistic cisgender people. Sex differences were also observed in this group. Whereas autistic cisgender birth-assigned males showed a stronger implicit gender-group identification than non-autistic cisgender birth-assigned males, autistic cisgender birth-assigned females showed a weaker gender-group identification than non-autistic cisgender birth-assigned females. Furthermore, autistic cisgender people reported significantly more gender dysphoric feelings and recalled significantly less gender-typed behavior from childhood than non-autistic cisgender individuals. No difference was observed between non-autistic and autistic transgender people. We also found that relative to non-autistic cisgender individuals, both non-autistic transgender and autistic transgender people reported significantly more ASD-like traits. However, mentalizing difficulties were observed only in the latter group. This research enhances our understanding of the link between ASD and gender diversity.