bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano‐liposomal encapsulation of Artemisia aucheri phenolics as a potential phytobiotic against Campylobacter jejuni infection in mice
Authors: Mehdizadeh Asmae , Karimi Ehsan , Oskoueian Ehsan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundArtemisia aucheri contains antibacterial phenolic compounds. The current work was implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of a nanoliposome‐encapsulated phenolic‐rich fraction (PRF‐NLs), as a dietary phytobiotic derived from Artemisia aucheri's areal parts, on the inhibition of enteropathogenic Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) infection in mice.MethodsThe phenolic‐rich fraction was loaded into the nanoliposome structure to obtain a nanometer‐scale size liposome with homogenous dispersion. Next, 40 white male balb/c mice were assigned to 4 treatment groups. The PRF‐NLs antibacterial potential was evaluated by evaluating the blood parameters, liver lipid peroxidation, and gene expression profiling in the mice challenged by C. jejuni infection.ResultsMice infected by C. jejuni showed impairment in food intake, weight gain, liver function, ileum morphometric features, and ileum tissue inflammation. The diet of fortified food with the nonencapsulated and nanoliposome‐encapsulated phenolic compounds was found to improve these parameters at 10 mg TPC/kg BW/day concentration. Our data indicated that the nanoliposome‐encapsulated PRF was more effective in promoting the health parameters in mice as compared to nonencapsulated PRF.ConclusionIt could be concluded that the liposomal encapsulation can promote the solubility, availability, and effectiveness of Artemisia aucheri phenolic compounds playing a key role as phytobiotic in mice intervened by enteropathogenic C. jejuni.
Mineralogy of a rare Ediacaran epidote‐bearing trondhjemitic complex from the Nubian Shield: Insights into P‐T conditions of magma emplacement
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Abdel‐Fattah M. , Shwairi Eliane R. 
Published: May 2022

Igneous epidote occurring in tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) rocks provides valuable insight into the physiochemical parameters of their magmatic system. Epidote has been identified within a newly discovered, rare, Ediacaran, high‐Al TTG‐suite at the Fannani Igneous Complex (FIC), Nubian Shield. The objective is to assess P–T conditions of magma emplacement using petrographic‐, mineral chemical data, and thermobarometry methods. The TTG‐suite is made up of ubiquitous oligoclase, variable contents of quartz, K‐feldspar, amphibole, biotite, epidote, accessory titanite, zircon, apatite and magnetite. Feldspars vary from An14 to An26 in plagioclase, with K‐feldspar having near‐end‐member compositions (Or91–Or95). Amphiboles are Al‐rich (AlT = 1.65–2.04 atoms per formula unit [apfu]), calcic (Ca = 1.83–1.93, apfu), with average Mg/(Fe + Mg) of 0.44, and are ferroedenite–edenite–ferropargasite. Biotites are moderately Fe‐rich (Fe/(Fe + Mg) = 0.50–0.58) characteristic of type ‘C’–biotite of calc–alkaline orogenic rocks. Epidote exhibits pistacite components [Ps = Fe3+/(Fe3++Al)] of Ps24–Ps33, typical of magmatic epidote. The average crystallization pressure of 5.41 kbar (calculated using the Al‐in‐Hb barometer) is consistent with the presence of magmatic epidote and reflects the mesozonal crustal levels of emplacement. The Hb–Plag–geothermometer produced an average crystallization temperature of 721°C. These values fall within experimentally‐determined P–T ranges of stability of magmatic epidote with fO2 buffered from nickel‐nickel‐oxide (NNO) to hematite (HM). The FIC rocks were developed from a wet, subsolvus, orogenic, Al‐rich magmatic system. Findings reported here could have implications for conditions of magma emplacement and mineralogical characterization of TTGs occurring within various continental masses.
Special issue “The advance of solid tumor research in China”: Real‐world clinical outcomes of alectinib for advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancer patients with ALK fusion in China
Authors: Su Chunxia , Zhou Juan , Qiang Huiping , Zhao Jing , Chang Qing , Ji Xianxiu , Li Jiaqi , Xie Mengqing , Chu Tianqing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlobal phase 3 trials have demonstrated the priority of several next‐generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK‐TKIs). However, clinical studies are conducted with specific populations that differ from the real world. The study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of alectinib in real‐world settings. Patients with advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and EML4‐ALK fusion were enrolled from two medical centers between June 2018 and June 2020. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and progression‐free survival (PFS) to alectinib. The secondary endpoint was response of brain metastases. The risk factors for disease progression were also investigated. In total, 127 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled into this study. Of them, 54.3% received first‐line alectinib. The 1‐ and 2‐year PFS rates were 77.4% and 68.3%, respectively. ORR and disease control rate (DCR) were 53.5% and 91.3%, respectively. Among patients with brain metastases, intracranial ORR and DCR were 63.6% and 88.6%, respectively. In addition, we found that “crizotinib pretreatment”, “liver metastasis” and “TP53 co‐mutation” were individually associated with shorter PFS in alectinib treatment. In conclusion, this study confirms the salient clinical outcomes of alectinib for ALK‐fusion‐driven NSCLC patients with or without brain metastases, adding real‐world evidence to the priority of alectinib in clinical practice.
At the feet of storytellers: Equity in early relational health conversations
Authors: Condon Marie‐Celeste , Charlot‐Swilley Dominique , Rahman Tininka 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEarly Relational Health (ERH) focuses attention on family‐baby relationships during the first 1000 days of life. Positive ERH enhances child health and development and family wellbeing. Universal, early identification of RH and vulnerability could add value to care. How to screen, when, where, and with whom is the question. Tools and models for screening are practitioner‐centered. Bias can affect family engagement and outcomes. This may be problematic for African American families. Authors present findings of a discourse analysis and phenomenological study of experiences of African American families’ and HealthySteps Specialists’ (HSS) of color with screening ERH in Washington, D.C., USA (N= 13). Findings indicate relevance, acceptance and utility may be influenced by positionality, cultural context, issues of equity, and engagement in mutual reflection. A family‐centered approach that opened space for non‐dominant knowledge about ERH made positive differences in engagement and utility for families and practioners alike. Health and vulnerability were detected reliably using this approach. Outcomes include new theories about ERH‐focused visits with African American families and infants, and a new model for centering ERH in pediatric practice, entitledEarly Relational Health Conversations. ERH‐C is a family reflection model, not necessarily dyadic. It may have value for other populations. Future directions in ERH‐C research are suggested.
Low expression of PCK2 in breast tumors contributes to better prognosis by inducing senescence of cancer cells
Authors: Ma Xingjie , Gao Yue , Liu Jianhua , Xu Lei , Liu Weili , Huna Anda , Wang Xiaoling , Gong Weijuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCell cycle arrest, one of the main characteristics of cellular senescence, has been described as a crucial barrier that needs to be bypassed for cancer progression. Typically, cellular senescence can be induced by multiple stresses including telomere shortening, oncogenic activation as well as therapy treatment, and contributes to the inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor suppression or progression depending on the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components. However, the mechanisms underlying cancer cell senescence remain partially understood. Here, according to METABRIC database, we identified that patients with senescent‐like breast tumors show better short‐term survival, lower tendency of neoplasm histological grades, lower tumor stages, and negative status of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) compared with non‐senescent ones. Interestingly, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis identified insulin signaling was significantly repressed in senescent breast tumors. Further verification in cultured breast cancer cells indicated that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) was significantly inhibited after therapy treatment. In addition, knockdown of PCK2 induced a senescent phenotype of breast cancer cells. Moreover, comparing with the non‐senescent group, the senescent breast cancers displayed lower EMT capacity both in patients and breast cancer cell lines after knocking down PCK2. In conclusion, we described for the first time that low expression level of PCK2 may contribute to better prognosis via triggering senescent phenotype and thereby inhibiting EMT capacity in breast cancers.
Serum albumin and nucleic acids biodistribution: From molecular aspects to biotechnological applications
Authors: Vita Gian Marco , De Simone Giovanna , De Marinis Elisabetta , Nervi Clara , Ascenzi Paolo , di Masi Alessandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSerum albumin (SA) is the most abundant protein in plasma and represents the main carrier of endogenous and exogenous compounds. Several evidence supports the notion that SA binds single and double‐stranded deoxynucleotides and ribonucleotides at two sites, with values of the dissociation equilibrium constant (i.e., Kd) ranging from micromolar to nanomolar values. This can be relevant from a physiological and pathological point of view, as in human plasma circulates cell‐free nucleic acids (cfNAs), released by different tissues via apoptosis, necrosis, and secretions, circulates as single and double‐stranded NAs. Albeit SA shows low hydrolytic reactivity toward DNA and RNA, the high plasma concentration of this protein and the occurrence of several SA receptors may be pivotal for sequestering and hydrolyzing cfNAs. Therefore, pathological conditions like cancer, characterized by altered levels of human SA or by altered SA post‐translational modifications, may influence cfNAs distribution and metabolism. Besides, the stability, solubility, biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity make SA a golden share for biotechnological applications related to the delivery of therapeutic NAs (TNAs). Indeed, pre‐clinical studies report the therapeutic potential of SA:TNAs complexes in precision cancer therapy. Here, the molecular and biotechnological implications of SA:NAs interaction are discussed, highlighting new perspectives on SA plasmatic functions.
A review of current advancements for wound healing: Biomaterial applications and medical devices
Authors: Deng Xiaoxuan , Gould Maree , Ali M. Azam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWound healing is a complex process that is critical in restoring the skin's barrier function. This process can be interrupted by numerous diseases resulting in chronic wounds that represent a major medical burden. Such wounds fail to follow the stages of healing and are often complicated by a pro‐inflammatory milieu attributed to increased proteinases, hypoxia, and bacterial accumulation. The comprehensive treatment of chronic wounds is still regarded as a significant unmet medical need due to the complex symptoms caused by the metabolic disorder of the wound microenvironment. As a result, several advanced medical devices, such as wound dressings, wearable wound monitors, negative pressure wound therapy devices, and surgical sutures, have been developed to correct the chronic wound environment and achieve skin tissue regeneration. Most medical devices encompass a wide range of products containing natural (e.g., chitosan, keratin, casein, collagen, hyaluronic acid, alginate, and silk fibroin) and synthetic (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, poly[lactic‐co‐glycolic acid], polycaprolactone, polylactic acid) polymers, as well as bioactive molecules (e.g., chemical drugs, silver, growth factors, stem cells, and plant compounds). This review addresses these medical devices with a focus on biomaterials and applications, aiming to deliver a critical theoretical reference for further research on chronic wound healing.
Oral Bisphosphonates Are Associated With Increased Risk of Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Elderly Patients With Complex Health Needs: A Self-Controlled Case Series in the United Kingdom
Authors: Oda Tetsuro , Jödicke Annika M. , Robinson Danielle E. , Delmestri Antonella , Keogh Ruth H. , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Although oral bisphosphonates (BP) are commonly used, there is conflicting evidence for their safety in the elderly. Safety concerns might trump BP use in older patients with complex health needs. Our study evaluated the safety of BP, focusing on severe acute kidney injury (AKI), gastrointestinal ulcer (GI ulcer), osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), and femur fractures. We used UK primary care data (Clinical Practice Research Datalink [CPRD GOLD]), linked to hospital (Hospital Episode Statistics [HES] inpatient) and ONS mortality data. We included all patients aged &gt;65 with complex health needs and no BP use in the year before study start (January 1, 2010). Complex health needs were defined in three cohorts: an electronic frailty index score ≥3 (frailty cohort), one or more unplanned hospitalization/s (hospitalization cohort); and prescription of ≥10 different medicines in 2009 (polypharmacy cohort). Incidence rates were calculated for all outcomes. Subsequently, all individuals who experienced AKI or GI ulcer anytime during follow-up were included for Self-Controlled Case Series (SCCS) analyses. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated separately for AKI and GI ulcer, comparing event rates between BP-exposed and unexposed time windows. No SCCS were conducted for ONJ and femur fractures. We identified 94,364 individuals in the frailty cohort, as well as 78,184 and 95,621 persons in the hospitalization and polypharmacy cohorts. Of those, 3023, 1950, and 2992 individuals experienced AKI and 1403, 1019, and 1453 had GI ulcer/s during follow-up, respectively. Age-adjusted SCCS models found evidence of increased risk of AKI associated with BP use (frailty cohort: IRR 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25–2.19), but no association with GI ulcers (frailty cohort: IRR 1.24; 95% CI, 0.86–1.78). Similar results were obtained for the hospitalization and polypharmacy cohorts. Our study found a 50% to 65% increased risk of AKI associated with BP use in elderly patients with complex health needs. Future studies should further investigate the risk–benefit of BP use in these patients. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
HPLC fingerprint profiles of lucidenic acids from Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi)
Authors: Chen Deng‐Hai , Wang Jian‐Yuan , Chen Mon‐Tarng , Chen William Kuang‐Dee 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGanoderic acids (GAs) and lucidenic acids (LAs) are the two specific triterpene compositions of Ganoderma lucidum. The HPLC fingerprint profile of GAs has been well‐established, but the reports for LAs were rare. In this study, six new lucidenic acids: H2 (1), H3 (2), I2 (3), I3 (4), K (5), L (6) and nine known compounds: lucidenic acids A (7), B (8), C (9), D2 (10), E2 (11), F (12), N (13), P (14), Q (15), were isolated from a strain of G. lucidum fruiting body (YK‐02). A specific fingerprint of the lucidenic acid type (LA‐type) HPLC spectrum comprised of these triterpenes was revealed for the first time. The HPLC spectra of four strains of G. lucidum were investigated and showed identical profiles with the typical ganoderic acid type (GA‐type, strains YK‐01 and BCRC36065) and lucidenic acid type spectra (strains YK‐02 and BCRC36090). The fingerprint profiles can be used in both species and strain identification of G. lucidum. Quantitation of lucidenic acid A by using HPLC was also validated.
The cross‐talk between soluble “Find me” and “Keep out” signals as an initial step in regulating efferocytosis
Authors: Tajbakhsh Amir , Yousefi Fatemeh , Abedi Seyedeh M. , Rezaee Mehdi , Savardashtaki Amir , Teng Yong , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe rapid clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs), known as efferocytosis, prompts the inhibition of inflammatory responses and autoimmunity and maintains homeostatic cell turnover by controlling the release of intracellular contents. The fast clearance of ACs requires professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells that can accurately and promptly recognize ACs and migrate towards them. Cells undergoing apoptosis alarm their presence by releasing special soluble chemotactic factors, such as lactoferrin, that act as “Find me,” “Keep out,” or “Stay away” signals to recruit phagocytic cells, such as macrophages or prevent granulocyte migration. Efferocytosis effectively serves to prevent damage‐associated molecular pattern release and secondary necrosis and inhibit inflammation/autoimmunity at the very first step. Since less attention has been given to the cross‐talk and balance of “Find me” and “Keep out” signals released from ACs in efferocytosis, we set out to investigate the current knowledge of the roles of “Find me” and “Keep out” signals in the efferocytosis process.
Evaluation of internal standards for inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometric analysis of arsenic in soils
Authors: Alvarado Taylor R. , Lee Andrew C. , Tomlin Bryan , Schwab Paul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractArsenic (As) is a common contaminant in soils, and analysis of soils by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) is often used to detect As in soil extracts. Internal standards (ISs) are part of ICP‐MS analyses to enhance precision and accuracy by compensating for instrument variability; however, an improper choice of IS can result in negative analytical bias. The goal of this study was to develop a protocol for evaluating ISs commonly used in ICP‐MS. Three soils of varying clay content and total As were extracted with a dilute electrolyte [0.005 mol L–1 Mg(NO3)2] and an acid digest. Arsenic concentrations were quantified by ICP‐MS using typical ISs: 6Li, 45Sc, 69Ga, 89Y, 103Rh, 115In, 159 Tb, and 209Bi. Standard addition was used as a benchmark for As quantification. The most consistent IS was 115In. Elevated, naturally occurring concentrations were detected for several of the ISs, particularly in the total digests, emphasizing the necessity for screening soils prior to analysis.
An artificial intelligence system applied to recurrent cytogenetic aberrations and genetic progression scores predicts MYC rearrangements in large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: García Rolando , Hussain Anas , Chen Weina , Wilson Kathleen , Koduru Prasad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, is characterized by MYC rearrangements (MYC R) in up to 15% of cases, and these have unfavorable prognosis. Due to cryptic rearrangements and variations in MYC breakpoints, MYC R may be undetectable by conventional methods in up to 10%–15% of cases. In this study, a retrospective proof of concept study, we sought to identify recurrent cytogenetic aberrations (RCAs), generate genetic progression scores (GP) from RCAs and apply these to an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to predict MYC status in the karyotypes of published cases. The developed AI algorithm is validated for its performance on our institutional cases. In addition, cytogenetic evolution pattern and clinical impact of RCAs was performed. Chromosome losses were associated with MYC‐, while partial gain of chromosome 1 was significant in MYC R tumors. MYC R was the sole driver alteration in MYC‐rearranged tumors, and evolution patterns revealed RCAs associated with gene expression signatures. A higher GPS value was associated with MYC R tumors. A subsequent AI algorithm (composed of RCAs + GPS) obtained a sensitivity of 91.4 and specificity of 93.8 at predicting MYC R. Analysis of an additional 59 institutional cases with the AI algorithm showed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 87% each with positive predictive value of 92%, and a negative predictive value of 100%. Cases with a MYC R showed a shorter survival.
Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide derivatives as potential anticancer and antifungal agents
Authors: Xie Dewen , Yang Jingxin , Niu Xue , Wang Zhenchao , Wu Zhibing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper 25 novel 5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer and antifungal activities; some exhibited good anticancer activity against cancer cells and antifungal activity against fungi. The IC50 values of T1, T4, T6, and T7 against A549 cells were 24.9, 21.9, 14.0, and 10.2 μM, respectively, and those of T15 against Thanatephorus cucumeris and Botryosphaeria dothidea were 22.0 and 27.7 μg/ml, respectively. A morphological study using FM and SEM demonstrated that T15 destroys the integrity and permeability of the T. cucumeris cell membrane. The results of molecular docking between T15 and SDH (PDB code: 2FBW) indicated that amide and trifluoromethyl might be the key functional groups for target compounds with high fungicidal activities.
Respiratory virus circulation in children after relaxation of COVID‐19 restrictions in fall 2021—A nationwide register study in Finland
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Artama Miia , Haapanen Marjut , Renko Marjo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSocial restrictions interrupted the normal respiratory virus circulation in Spring 2020. This report describes virus circulation in the pediatric population before and after the restrictions ended in Finland in September 2021. We used data from the Finnish Infectious Disease Register. Nationwide influenza A and B, rhinovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐Cov‐2), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) findings from January 2018 to December 2021. Age stratified (0–4, 5–9, and 10–14 years) weekly incidences per 100 000 children were calculated. School and day‐care closures interrupted completely the circulation of all other respiratory viruses than rhinovirus in spring 2020. After restrictions were relaxed in September 2021, SARS‐Cov‐2 detections increased majorly. We observed high RSV season atypically early. SARS‐Cov‐2 was detected in older children whereas RSV season peaked especially among children aged under 5. Influenza seemed to return to normal circulation. In conclusion, we report that the ending of social restrictions in September 2021 led to an increase in SARS‐Cov‐2 detections and high epidemic peaks of RSV and parainfluenza in atypical timing in children. Our results highlight the importance of continuous pathogen surveillance during the pandemic, as atypical surges of non‐COVID‐19 respiratory viruses were observed.