bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of epinephrine in anaphylaxis: a 6-year retrospective cohort study at a Swiss university emergency department
Authors: Ehrhard Simone , Gautschi Dominic , Eyb Vicky , Schauber Stefan K. , Ricklin Meret E. , Klukowska-Rötzler Jolanta , Exadaktylos Aristomenis K. , Helbling Arthur 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment to prevent life threatening conditions. Epinephrine considered as the first-line drug is often not administered. We aimed first to analyze the use of epinephrine in patients with anaphylaxis in the emergency department of a University Hospital and secondly to identify factors that influence the use of epinephrine.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who were admitted with moderate or severe anaphylaxis to the emergency department between 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2018. Patient characteristics and treatment information were extracted from the electronic medical database or manually of the full emergency department discharge report.
Results
A total of 531 (0.2%) patients with moderate or severe anaphylaxis out of 260'485 patients admitted to the emergency department were included. Epinephrine was administered in 252 patients (47.3%). In a multivariate logistic regression cardiovascular (ORCARD = 2.94, CI 1.96–4.46, p < 0.001) and respiratory symptoms (ORRESP=3.14, CI 1.95–5.14, p < 0.001) were associated with increased likelihood of epinephrine administration, in contrast to integumentary symptoms (ORINTEGU = 0.98, CI 0.54–1.81, p = 0.961) and gastrointestinal symptoms (ORGAST=0.62, CI 0.39–1.00, p = 0.053).
Conclusions
Less than half of the patients with moderate and severe anaphylaxis received epinephrine according to guidelines. In particular, gastrointestinal symptoms seem to be misrecognized as serious symptoms of anaphylaxis. Training of the rescue service and emergency department medical staff and further awareness are crucial to increase the administration rate of epinephrine in anaphylaxis.
A cross-sectional research conducted to assess pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, practice, and readiness in the presence of the COVID-19 epidemic in Baghdad.
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mazen M Jamil , Mahmood Adnan Hussein , Al-Adhamy Mohammed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
- Usually, community pharmacies that are expected to take extraordinary efforts to prevent client cross-infection sell masks and disinfectants. Additionally, it is their duty to take the lead in informing the public about this outbreak. Therefore, the study aims to test Iraqi pharmacists' knowledge of COVID-19.
Methods
- Numerous pharmacies in Baghdad were randomly visited outside of lockdown hours and had to complete a Google form following each visit. The form had simple checkboxes for all desired observations and specialized spaces for any additional information that needed to be noted. The survey's statistical analyses were descriptive, and no formal hypothesis testing was performed. Numbers and percentages were used to summarize the results.
Results
- Iraqi pharmacists trusted the WHO, media and websites, and Ministry of health (MOH) websites for COVID-19 information. According to the data, pharmacists administered acetaminophen and corticosteroids for COVID-19 infection treatment. The results also showed that Zing, Vitamin C, and Vitamin D were recommended to improve immunity and that these medicines were given orally. Massive numbers of pharmacists suggest that the call center of MOH is not applicable.
Conclusion
- the Iraqi Ministry of Health did not include pharmacists in its health emergency preparations. This resulted in a general delay in pharmacies' readiness. National governments and organizations may benefit from using pharmacists' knowledge and skills to reduce or stop future COVID-19 waves and manage risk if these waves do happen.
Early growth response 3 is Associated with Prognosis in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: li Xia , Abudukeyimu Zumureti , Liu Fang , Zhu Kairui , Luo Junyi , Wang Siqing , Ma Juxing , Lin Xiaomei , Xu Mengge 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim
To investigate the association between the expression of early growth response 3 (Egr3), the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1ß(IL-1ß) as well as prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods
Clinical data of 119 patients who visited the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University with CHD symptoms and underwent coronary artery angiography (CAG) were collected. According to the CAG results and Gensini score, the patients were divided into a mild stenosis group (n = 56), severe stenosis group (n = 32) and control group (n = 31). Circulating serum levels of Egr3 and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and IL-6 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.qRT-PCR was used to measure Egr3 gene expression in peripheral blood of patients. The incidence of the CHD clinical composite end point was followed for 1 year by examining outpatient medical records and inquiry by telephone.
Results
The level of Egr3 in CHD patients was affected by Gensini score (b = 7.170, t = 2.912, P = 0.005) and IL-6 (b = 26.248, t = 4.279, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in Egr3 mRNA levels between the controls and CHD patients. Moreover, the mRNA levels of Egr3 was a contributing factor to the adverse cardiovascular prognosis in patients with CHD (HR = 1.036, 95% CI 1.014–1.058, P = 0.001).
Conclusions
Egr3 may interact with the inflammatory response resulting in CHD. Egr3 may aggravate the severity of coronary artery stenosis, indicating that Egr3 mRNA levels are a potential prognostic factor in patients with CHD.
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration in an adult: a case report
Authors: Nair Prasanth Sadasivan , Merry Christopher James , White Alex 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital lung anomaly, presenting mostly in childhood and adolescence.
Case presentation
We report the case of a 26-year-old male patient presenting with pleuritic left sided chest pain and haemoptysis. Computed tomography of the chest (CT Chest) showed features of intralobar pulmonary sequestration involving the left lower lobe, with arterial supply arising from the descending thoracic aorta (DTA) above the diaphragm and normal venous drainage. Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) was planned to perform a left lower lobectomy. Considering the risk of bleeding from the large artery supplying the sequestered segment, a posterolateral thoracotomy incision was made and left lower lobectomy was completed, with successful division of the arterial feeder. The patient was discharged home without complications. Pathologic examination of the specimen grossly revealed partial division of the lobe by two fissures with extensive adhesions into an upper and lower portion with no clear demarcation and a large vessel which enters the lower portion at the posterior inferior aspect, separate from the hilum with a diameter 10 mm. Microscopically, both portions of the lobe showed normally alveolated lung tissue with patchy recent intra-alveolar haemorrhage and evidence of chronic inflammation in the sequestered segment. There was no evidence of malignancy.
Conclusion
This case highlights the rare presentation of pulmonary sequestration in adulthood and the importance of imaging to identify anomalous arterial supply to the sequestered segment in the left lower lobe of the lung. The use of safe surgical techniques to control the anomalous systemic arterial feeding vessel cannot be overemphasized.
A DNA damage response-like phenotype defines a novel subset of colon cancer
Authors: Mauro Stefania , Bolognesi Maddalena , Villa Nicoletta , Capitoli Giulia , Furia Laura , Mascadri Francesco , Zucchini Nicola , Totis Mauro , Faretta Mario , Galimberti Stefania , Bovo Giorgio , Cattoretti Giorgio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has a limited range of diversified, personalized therapeutic opportunities, besides DNA hypermutating cases; thus both new targets or broadening existing strategies for personalized intervention are of interest. Routinely processed material from 246 untreated COADs with clinical follow-up was probed for evidence of DNA damage response (DDR) by multiplex immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining for DDR complex proteins (ℽH2AX, pCHK2, pNBS1) and for type I interferon response, T-lymphocyte infiltration (TILs), mutation mismatch repair defects (MMRd). FISH analysis for chromosome 20q copy number variations was obtained. 33.7% of COAD display a coordinated DDR on quiescent, non-senescent, non-apoptotic glands, irrespective of TP53, chromosome 20q abnormalities, type I IFN response. Clinicopathological parameters did not differentiate DDR + cases from the other cases. TILs were equally present in DDR and non-DDR cases. DDR + MMRd cases were preferentially retaining wild-type MLH1. The outcome after 5FU-based chemotherapy was not different in the two groups. DDR + COAD represents a subgroup not aligned with known diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic categories, with potential new targeted treatment opportunities.
Molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. detected in patients at a large tertiary referral hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Munsaka Gilbert , Hayashida Kyoko , Mubemba Benjamin , Simulundu Edgar , Mulunda Namwiinga , Pule Ruth , Sianongo Sandie , Makuluni Marina , Muleya Walter , Changula Katendi , Chitanga Simbarashe , Mutengo Mable 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric eukaryote of humans whose pathogenicity is still debatable. However, a number of reported infections associated with enteric disease exist. In Zambia, presence of the pathogen has previously been reported in children. However, the molecular epidemiology of Blastocystis infections remain unclarified in Zambia.
Methods & Results
Archived stool samples submitted for routine parasitological diagnosis at Zambia’s largest tertiary referral hospital positive for Blastocystis sp. by microscopic examination were selected for the study. Subtyping of the Blastocystis was done based on PCR amplification, sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of the 18S small subunit (SSU) rDNA gene. Four subtypes, ST1 (allele 4), ST2 (allele 12), ST3 (allele 34, 36, 37, 38, 39) and ST6 (allele 122), were identified by molecular procedures in the study, with some Zambian sequences showing close relationships with those detected in non-human primates and common rats.
Conclusions
The study revealed the circulation of multiple Blastocystis subtypes ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST6 in the study population. The close clustering of some Zambian sequences with those detected from animals suggests the possibility of the presence of both anthroponotic and zoonotic transmission cycles in the country. Further studies in animal populations are recommended for a better understanding of the epidemiology of Blastocystis and for implementation of effective evidence-based control strategies.
Is a radical cure enough? Assessing a primaquine treatment for adult males in Cambodia to eliminate vivax malaria by 2025
Authors: Martin-Hughes Rowan , Hickson RI , Price David J , Thriemer Kamala , Fowkes Freya JI , McCaw James M , Simpson Julie A , Abeysuriya Romesh , Scott Nick , Sovannaroth Siv , Devine Angela , Ngor Pengby 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Elimination targets for Plasmodium vivax are approaching, wit the Cambodian target of 2025. Quantitative tools can assess if proposed strategies are likely to be sufficient to meet those targets. Methods: We calibrated the Optima Malaria transmission model to reported case data from 2011–2018 for six provinces with different transmission levels. The model had two human populations: males aged 15 years and older, and everyone else. We assessed the addition of the new low-dose primaquine intervention (0.25 mg/kg daily x 14 days) for diagnosed P. vivax infections where males aged 15 years and older were prescribed primaquine after testing glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrognase normal to the 2018 status quo (blood-stage treatment only). Results were evaluated over stochastic iterations of the calibrated compartmental model, incorporating best and worst case interpretations of the available case data given uncertainty over underlying P. vivax incidence in 2020.Results: Under 2018 status quo conditions in the absence of primaquine radical cure, we found that P. vivax elimination would be unlikely to be achieved by 2040 in any province. Elimination by 2025 was not projected in any province even with best case assumptions for primaquine intervention coverage, G6PD-based eligibility, and primaquine efficacy; however, we estimated that the addition of the primaquine intervention could reduce P. vivax transmission by 67%-83% by 2025. We found that sustained application of the primaquine intervention was likely to result in elimination by 2040 in all six provinces with best case estimated baseline incidence, and in the two lowest incidence provinces with worst case baseline incidence.Conclusions: Without additional novel interventions, the primaquine radical cure (0.25 mg/kg daily x 14 days targeting adult males with diagnosed P. vivax infections) is not projected to result in elimination from any province by the 2025 target even under the most optimistic interpretation of the available case data. However, the implementation of a primaquine intervention in Cambodia is likely to have a substantial impact on transmission of P. vivax and may make elimination feasible over the longer term.
Chronic subdural hematomas - a retrospective analysis of the internal architecture and evaluation of risk factors for recurrences after surgical therapy
Authors: Grübel Grübel N. , Klempner Klempner C. , Mayer Mayer B. , Runck Runck F. , Durner Durner G. , Wirtz Wirtz C. R. , Pala Pala A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common disease which is increasing due to aging population and the use of anticoagulation and antiplatelet medication. Aim of this study is to analyze the internal structure of CSDH and investigate potential risk factors for recurrence.
Methods
This retrospective study evaluated data of 189 patients which were treated surgically between 2014–2018 at our department. Recorded were demographic-, clinical-, surgical treatment-, (CT)-imaging-, neurological status- and follow up data. The outcome was assessed clinically and with follow-up CT imaging 4–12 weeks after surgery. CT images were used to measure the thickness of hematomas, hyperdense areas, chronic parts, and membranes.
Results
Patients after evacuation of CSDH were significantly more common males (66,1%, n = 125, p > 0,001) had a significantly higher BMI (p < 0,001, 61,6%), arterial hypertension (p < 0,001, 68,3%) and the intake of anticoagulant therapy (p < 0,001, 58%). The recurrence rate was 18,6% after 4 weeks and 2,1% after 8–12 weeks. After uni- and multivariable analysis, the initial hemispheric type (p = 0,019, HR: 3,191; p = 0,012, HR: 3,810) and the increasing preoperative midline shift in CT imaging (p = 0,028, HR: 1,114; p = 0,041, HR: 1,107) were found as independent predictors for recurrence. Overall, outcomes were favorable with a mRS of 0–2 at discharge (72%), after 4 (89,7%) and 12 (87%) weeks.
Conclusion
Increasing midline shift before surgery as well as initial hemispheric type of hematoma were independent predictors for recurrence according to our data. Most patients achieved an excellent outcome with low risk profile.
A comparison of node vaccination strategies to halt SIR epidemic spreading in real-world complex networks
Authors: Sartori Fabio , Turchetto Massimiliano , Bellingeri Michele , Scotognella Francesco , Alfieri Roberto , Nguyen Ngoc-Kim-Khanh , Le Thi Trang , Nguyen Quang , Cassi Davide 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We compared seven node vaccination strategies in twelve real-world complex networks. The node vaccination strategies are modeled as node removal on networks. We performed node vaccination strategies both removing nodes according to the initial network structure, i.e., non-adaptive approach, and performing partial node rank recalculation after node removal, i.e., semi-adaptive approach. To quantify the efficacy of each vaccination strategy, we used three epidemic spread indicators: the size of the largest connected component, the total number of infected at the end of the epidemic, and the maximum number of simultaneously infected individuals. We show that the best vaccination strategies in the non-adaptive and semi-adaptive approaches are different and that the best strategy also depends on the number of available vaccines. Furthermore, a partial recalculation of the node centrality increases the efficacy of the vaccination strategies up to 80%.
Automatic Business Location Selection through Particle Swarm Optimization and Neural Network
Authors: Luo Yinyi , Zhong Jinghui , Liu Wei-Li , Chen Wei-Neng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Location selection is an important part of running a business. A good business location can greatly increase customer flow, reduce operating costs, and increase business revenue. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate location for business premises. In this research, we propose a method combining machine learning and particle swarm optimization for the business location selection. In the proposed method, we first apply the particle swarm algorithm to optimize the proportional coefficient of the influence of different surrounding commercial places on the site selection of the research site. Then we use a machine learning method to perform the binary classification on the sites to judge whether a geographic location is a good site selection point. The proposed method is compared with several common location selection methods such as random selection method and k-nearest neighbor method. The experimental results have validated the effectiveness of our proposed method for business location selection.
Physicochemical and biochemical properties of intestinal trypsin from sturgeon fish
Authors: Zamani Abbas , Khajavi Maryam , Kenari Abdolmohammad Abedian , Nazarpak Masoumeh Haghbin , Solouk Atefeh , Esmaeili Mina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This work aimed to determine the physicochemical and biochemical characterization of the intestinal trypsin from beluga (Huso huso) and sevruga (Acipenser stellatus), two highly valuable sturgeon species, by a series of assays. According to the results obtained from casein-zymogram and inhibitory activity staining method, indicating the existence of trypsin in the intestinal crude extract of both species, molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 27.5 and 29.5 kDa in sevruga and beluga, respectively. Optimum pH and temperature of both trypsins were recorded at 8.5 and 55°C by BAPNA (a specific substrate), respectively. The stability of both trypsins was well preserved at pH from 6.0 to11.0 and temperatures of up to 50°C. TLCK and SBTI, two specific trypsin inhibitors, showed a significant inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activity of both trypsins (P < 0.05). The enzyme activity was significantly increased in the presence of Ca+ 2 and surfactants and decreased by oxidizing agents, Cu+ 2, Zn+ 2 and Co+ 2 (P < 0.05). However, univalent ions Na+and K+ did not show any significant effect on the activity of both trypsins (P > 0.05). Therefore, the results of our study can contribute to the clear understanding of the intestinal trypsin activity in beluga and sevruga under evaluated experimental conditions.
Design and experimental study on pruning machine of Yunnan edible rose
Authors: Zhu Huibin , Zhang Xu , Qian Cheng , An Ran , Zhao Haoran , MA Shiao , Bai Lizhen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to design a pruning machine of Yunnan edible rose in order to improve the operation conditions, increase efficiency and solve the problems of stem collection. Based on the experimental results of the physical and mechanical properties of rose stems, simulation experiment of three different cutting methods was conducted to determine the optimal scheme. The results showed that single disc cutter is best ways. In order to study effects of the different structure parameters on the performance of the pruning machine and get the optimal combination of parameters, the orthogonal test was conducted. Forward speed, rotational speed of cutter, number of blades, cutting angle and knife-edge angle as factors, and the quality of pruning was selected as the evaluation index. The experiment results indicated that the working performance of machine was the highest when the number of blades was 6, rotational speed of cutter was 2000 r/min, cutting angle was 20°, knife-edge angle was 10° ,forward speed was 0.5 m/s. The average quality of pruning index, miss cutting index and tearing index were 90.6%, 5.68% and 3.72%, respectively. The research provides a reference for the design and extending of the pruning machine for edible rose.
Lifetime Performance Evaluation of Electronic Products with Censored Data
Authors: Chiou Kuo-Ching 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As research-and-development technologies advance, increasing product lifetime performance becomes a crucial research topic. The lifetime performance index is used to evaluate product performance and improve quality and productivity. Censoring represents a means of shortening research-and-development time. Assuming that product lifetime follows an exponential distribution, we used the lifetime performance index and type-I right censoring to evaluate product lifetime performance. The maximum likelihood estimator is used to estimate the lifetime performance index based on the type-I right censored sample and the asymptotic distribution of estimator. We then find the level (1-α)⋅100% one-sided confidence interval for lifetime performance index, and establish the uniformly most powerful (UMP) test of the product lifetime performance index. As a demonstration of the applicability of this approach, we present a practical example in which we confirm process capability.
Confirmatory Validation of the French Version of the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Module of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL TM3.0DMDvf)
Authors: Wallach Elisabeth , Ehlinger Valerie , Biotteau Maelle , Walther-Louvier Ulrike , Péréon Yann , Vuillerot Carole , Fontaine Stephanie , Sabouraud Pascal , Espil-Taris Caroline , Cuisset Jean-Marie , Laugel Vincent , Baudou Eloïse , Arnaud Catherine , Cances Claude 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease that inevitably leads to total loss of autonomy. The new therapeutic strategies aim to both improve survival and optimize quality of life. Evaluating quality of life is nevertheless a major challenge. No DMD-specific quality of life scale to exists in French. We therefore produced a French translation of the English Duchenne muscular dystrophy module of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTMDMD) following international recommendations. The study objective was to carry out a confirmatory validation of the French version of the PedsQLTMDMD for pediatric patients with DMD, using French multicenter descriptive cross-sectional data. The sample consisted of 107 patients. Internal consistency was acceptable for proxy-assessments, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients above 0.70, except for the Treatments dimension. For self-assessments, internal consistency was acceptable only for the Daily Activities dimension. Our results showed poor metric qualities for the French version of the PedsQLTMDMD based on a sample of about 100 children, but these results remained consistent with those of the original validation. This confirms the interest of its use in clinical practice.