bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction Between Race and Income on Cardiac Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kumar Anirudh , Ogunnowo Gregory O. , Khot Umesh N. , Raphael Claire E. , Ghobrial Joanna , Rampersad Penelope , Puri Rishi , Khatri Jaikirshan J. , Reed Grant W. , Krishnaswamy Amar , Cho Leslie , Lincoff A. Michael , Ziada Khaled M. , Kapadia Samir R. , Ellis Stephen G. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Compared with White Americans, Black Americans have a greater prevalence of cardiac events following percutaneous coronary intervention. We evaluated the association between race and neighborhood income on post–percutaneous coronary intervention cardiac events and assessed whether income modifies the effect of race on this relationship.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients (n=23 822) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016, were included. All‐cause mortality and major adverse cardiac event were assessed at 3 years. Extended 10‐year follow‐up was performed for those residing locally (n=1285). Neighborhood income was derived using median adjusted annual gross household income reported within the patient's zip code. We compared differences in treatment and outcomes, adjusting for race, income, and their interaction. In total, 3173 (13.3%) patients self‐identified as Black Americans, and 20 649 (86.7%) self‐identified as White Americans. Black Americans had a worse baseline cardiac risk profile and lower neighborhood income compared with White Americans. Although risk profile improved with increasing income in White Americans, no difference was observed across incomes among Black Americans. Despite similar long‐term outpatient cardiology follow‐up and medication prescription, risk profiles among Black Americans remained worse. At 3 years, unadjusted all‐cause mortality (18.0% versus 15.2%;
P
<0.001) and major adverse cardiac event (37.3% versus 34.6%;
P
<0.001) were greater among Black Americans and with lower income (both
P
<0.001); race, income, and their interaction were not significant predictors in multivariable models. At 10‐year follow‐up, increasing income was associated with improved outcomes only in White Americans but not Black Americans. In multivariable models for major adverse cardiac event, income (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97 [95% CI, 0.96–0.98];
P
=0.005), Black race (HR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.58–1.96];
P
=0.006), and their interaction (HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97–0.99];
P
=0.003) were significant predictors. Similar findings were observed for cardiac death.

Conclusions
Early 3‐year post–percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes were driven by worse risk factor profiles in both Black Americans and those with lower neighborhood income. However, late 10‐year outcomes showed an independent effect of race and income, with improving outcomes with greater income limited to White Americans. These findings illustrate the importance of developing novel care strategies that address both risk factor modification and social determinants of health to mitigate disparities in cardiac outcomes.
The Original Meaning of the Dutch Word polder
Authors: Keurentjes Marco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The origin of the word polder is contested. The older theories derive polder from Dutch pol (‘sod of grass, top, head, higher piece of land’, cognate with English poll(e) and Middle-Low-German pol(le)) or from Dutch poel (‘puddle, pond of still water’; cognate with German Pfuhl, English pool and Middle-Low German pōl(e)/pūl). In this article the author will review the etymological explanations and offer new support for a connection with poel. The original meaning of polder must have been ‘a land covered in puddles, wetland, marshy ground’.
Schwache Beugungen von Substantiven und Eigennamen in altniederländischen Ortsnamen
Authors: Quak Arend 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As a continuation of earlier articles on the morphology of Old Dutch (2019) the weak declensions of substantives and personal names that appear in place names from the 8th to the 10th century are discussed. This also offers the opportunity for a critical view on some of the place names that are attested in this period.
The Impact of Stochastic Mesoscale Weather Systems on the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Zhou Shenjie , Renfrew Ian A. , Zhai Xiaoming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ocean is forced by the atmosphere on a range of spatial and temporal scales. In numerical models the atmospheric resolution sets a limit on these scales and for typical climate models mesoscale (<500 km) atmospheric forcing is absent or misrepresented. Previous studies have demonstrated that mesoscale forcing significantly affects key ocean circulation systems such as the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (SPG) and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Here we present ocean model simulations that demonstrate that the addition of realistic mesoscale atmospheric forcing leads to coherent patterns of change: a cooler sea surface in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean and deeper mixed layers in the subpolar North Atlantic in autumn, winter, and spring. These lead to robust statistically significant increases in the volume transport of the North Atlantic SPG by 10% and the AMOC by up to 10%. Our simulations use a novel stochastic parameterization—based on a cellular automata algorithm—to represent spatially coherent weather systems realistically over a range of scales, including down to the smallest resolvable by the ocean grid (∼10 km). Convection-permitting atmospheric models predict changes in the intensity and frequency of mesoscale weather systems due to climate change, so representing them in coupled climate models would bring higher fidelity to future climate projections.
Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of hemodynamic changes in the portal venous system before and after balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration: a pilot feasibility study
Authors: Hamasaki Masahiro , Araki Takuji , Tamada Daiki , Morisaka Hiroyuki , Johno Hisashi , Aikawa Yoshihito , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2022

Background The effectiveness of four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing hemodynamic changes before and after balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) remains unclear. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of 4D flow MRI for assessing hemodynamic changes in the portal venous system before and after BRTO. Material and Methods We included 10 patients (7 men, 3 women; mean age = 67 years) with liver cirrhosis who had a high risk of gastric variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. Non-contrast 4D flow MRI of the upper abdomen was performed before and after BRTO. In addition, we compared the blood flow rates in the portal vein (PV), superior mesenteric vein (SMV), splenic vein (SV), left renal vein, and inferior vena cava before and after BRTO. Moreover, the flow directions of the SMV and SV before and after BRTO were assessed using both portography and 4D flow MRI. Results There was a significant post-BRTO increase in the blood flow rate in the PV and SV ( P < 0.05). There was no significant post-BRTO change in the blood flow rates in the SMV, inferior vena cava, and left renal vein. In four patients, portography confirmed that hepatofugal flow in the SV and SMV changed to hepatopetal flow after BRTO. Moreover, 4D flow MRI correctly assessed the flow directions in the SMV and SV in 70%–100% of the patients. Conclusion 4D flow MRI can be used to detect hemodynamic changes in the portal venous system before and after BRTO.
The ultrastructural and morphological characteristics of the anterior cruciate ligament of the pig: a study using 7.0-Tesla diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: You Tian , Jiao Fujia , Zhang Wentao , Yang Qingjun , Lu Wenqian , Luo Yong 
Published: November 2022

Objective Diffusion tensor imaging research on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is limited, and no study has revealed the ACL fibrous microstructure by 7.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, we used magnetic resonance imaging to assess the ACL. Methods Eight porcine ACLs were investigated by diffusion tensor imaging. Imaging was performed with a 7.0-Tesla scanner using a diffusion-weighted two-dimensional spin-echo echo-planar imaging pulse sequence optimised for muscle. The diffusion tensor eigenparameters, fractional anisotropy (FA), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were used for bones and muscles. Three-dimensional projection maps of the principal eigenvectors were plotted to visualise the microstructure. Results The mean FA and ADC for the ACL were 0.27 ± 0.079 and 0.0012 ± 0.0005, respectively. There were no significant differences between the values in the proximal and distal portions . However, the ADC was smaller in the centre than on the sides (0.0015 ± 0.0007), and the mean FA was larger in the centre than on the sides (0.42 ± 0.23). The ACL fibres were parallel on the proximal and distal sides but interweaved in the centre. Conclusions These findings may be beneficial for artificial ligaments.
Rates and Levels of Elite Sport Participation at 5 Years After Revision ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Pinheiro Vitor Hugo , Jones Mary , Borque Kyle A. , Balendra Ganesh , White Nathan P. , Ball Simon V. , Williams Andy 
Published: November 2022

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding return to play (RTP), level of competition, and longevity of play after revision of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in elite athletes. Purpose: To report RTP rates and competition levels in elite athletes at the point of RTP, as well as at 2 and 5 years after revision ACLR, and the effect of meniscal and chondral pathology at revision surgery on these outcomes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of all revision ACLRs undertaken by the senior author between 2009 and 2019, with a minimum 2-year follow-up, was carried out. Outcome measures were RTP rates and competition level. Results: A total of 49 knees in 48 elite athletes met the inclusion criteria. After revision ACLR, 43 (87.8%) elite athletes achieved RTP, of whom 75.5% were at the same level. At 2 years after surgery, 39 (79.6%) were still playing, 25 (51%) at the same level; at 5 years after surgery, 20 (44.4%) were still playing, 9 (20%) at the same level. Elite athletes with <50% thickness or no articular cartilage lesions were more likely to RTP (94.6% vs 66.7%; P = .026), as well as return to the same competition level (83.8% vs 50%; P = .047), compared with those with ≥50% thickness chondral lesions. Those without medial meniscal pathology were more likely to RTP at the same level after revision surgery (94.4% vs 64.5%; P = .036). The median time elite athletes continued to play after revision ACLR was 73 months (95% CI, 43.4-102.6); 23 months at the same level (95% CI, 13.6-32.4). The probability of still playing at 5 years after surgery was 55.9%, with a 22.5% chance of maintaining preinjury competition level. Conclusion: In elite athletes, RTP rates and competition level decreased over time after revision ACLR. The presence of >50% thickness chondral pathology was associated with lower RTP rates and competition level at RTP time, while medial meniscal pathology was associated with lower competition level at RTP.
Predictive Factors for Lateral Hinge Fracture in Medial Closing Wedge Distal Femoral Osteotomy
Authors: Nha Kyung Wook , Kim Hyung Suh , Jin Dong Uk , Bae Ji Hoon , Patel Jaykumar M. , Kim Sang-Gyun 
Published: November 2022

Background: Recent studies have reported that lateral hinge fracture (LHF) has a negative effect on bone healing at the osteotomy site after medial closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy (MCDFO). However, limited evidence exists in the literature regarding the predictive factors for LHF in MCDFO. Hypothesis: A large medial closing gap and a lateral hinge position in the supracondylar area would increase plain radiography–based and/or computed tomography (CT)–based LHF in MCDFO. Study Design: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 67 knees of 53 patients (mean age, 37.4 ± 16.9 years) who underwent MCDFO between May 2009 and June 2021. The surgical indications for MCDFO were genu valgum deformity combined with either lateral compartment osteoarthritis or recurrent patellar dislocation. The presence of LHF was evaluated based on immediate postoperative plain radiography and CT scans. The predictive factors for LHF in MCDFO were investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: LHFs were identified in 21 knees (31.3%) through plain radiography and in 40 knees (59.7%) through CT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the medial closing gap and lateral hinge position were predictive factors for plain radiography– and CT-based LHF after MCDFO. Controlling for other variables, we found that an increase in the medial opening gap by 1 mm increased the likelihood of plain radiography–based LHF by a factor of 1.805 (95% CI, 1.291-2.525; P = .001) and CT-based LHF by 1.333 (95% CI, 1.003-1.772; P = .048). Moreover, a lateral hinge position in the supracondylar area increased the likelihood of plain radiography–based LHF by a factor of 9.870 (95% CI, 2.179-44.720; P = .003) and CT-based LHF by 5.686 (95% CI, 1.124-28.754; P = .036). Conclusion: A large medial closing gap and lateral hinge position in the supracondylar area are associated with LHF in MCDFO. Care should be taken to prevent LHF in MCDFO with a large medial closing gap. Moreover, a lateral hinge position in the supracondylar area should be avoided to decrease the incidence of LHF in MCDFO.
Findings on Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Before Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dahan Johanna , Delouya Guila , Lambert Carole , Olivié Damien A. R. , Billiard Jean-Sébastien , Taussky Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Purpose Pre-treatment diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used in prostate cancer detection and staging; however, little is known about its potential for radiotherapy treatment decision, or its prognostic value. We investigated the findings on pre-treatment MRI and its potential influence on treatment decisions, and its ability to predict biochemical recurrence in patients treated with radiotherapy. Methods Files of patients treated by radiotherapy from 2014 to 2022 were searched for if they had had an MRI within 12 months before radiotherapy. Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) score, index lesion diameter and the presence of organ confined disease or extra-prostatic extension were correlated with their Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score. Distribution of radiological and clinical features between groups were estimated using a chi-squared test. Results Out of 1280 patients, 314 (24.5%) had an MRI. The distribution depended on the treatment received: 22.5% who received low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy as monotherapy, 24.0% treated with high-dose rate (HDR) boost and 32.0% treated with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) ( P = .017). The CAPRA score significantly correlated with the PI-RADS score (r = .342, P < .01) and the diameter of the index lesion (r = .473, P < .01). A clinically significant number of 22% patients with CAPRA ≤ 3 disease presented with lesions ≥15 mm and were less likely to be treated with LDR monotherapy ( P < .01). 39 patients had a recurrence, only 5 had an MRI: 4 had a lesion of ≥20 mm and 3 a seminal vesicle invasion. Conclusion More than twenty percent of patients with CAPRA ≤3 presented on MRI a ≥15 mm lesion. An MRI could potentially affect treatment choice, and although exploratory our results suggest an important prognostic potential.
Can United States Adults Accurately Assess Their Diet Quality?
Authors: Thomson Jessica L. , Landry Alicia S. , Walls Tameka I. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose To estimate the percentage of United States adults who accurately assessed their diet quality (DQ). Design Observational, cross-sectional, nationally representative. Setting National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2018. Sample 9757 (86%) of 11 288 adults aged ≥20 years. Measures Perceived DQ was assessed by asking participants, how healthy is your diet? The five responses included excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor. Measured DQ was assessed using 24-hours dietary recalls scored with 2015 Healthy Eating Index; scores were categorized using a 10-point grading scale. Analysis Matches between perceived and measured DQ that were classified as accurate included: excellent = A, very good = A or B, good = B or C, fair = C or D, and poor = D or F. All others were classified as inaccurate. Analyses included descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression for complex survey designs. Results 63% of adults perceived their DQ as very good or good while 70% scored DQ grades of F. Overall, 15% of adults accurately assessed their DQ with 96% accuracy in the poor perception group and <23% in the other 4 groups. Overall, 75% of adults overrated their DQ. Females, adults with lower educational attainment, and those with low food security were more likely to accurately assess their DQ. Conclusion Adults cannot accurately assess their DQ except for those perceiving their DQ as poor, and the majority overrate their DQ.
Influence of hygrothermal ageing on the novel infusible thermoplastic resin reinforced with quadriaxial non-crimp glass fabrics
Authors: Bandaru Aswani Kumar , Hickey Seaghan , Singh Dilpreet , Gujjala Raghavendra , Pichandi Subramani 
Published: November 2022

Elium® is a novel liquid Methylmethacrylate thermoplastic (TP) matrix that can be cured at room temperature. Elium® resin provides the properties of TP polymer composites and is a competitive alternative to epoxy-based composites. In this work, a quadriaxial non-crimp (NC) glass fabric/Elium® based polymer composites were manufactured using vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VaRTM). The static mechanical properties of these composites were evaluated under the tensile and flexural loads. Further, interfacial properties like interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and fracture toughness (Mode-I and Mode-II) were characterised. To study the influence of ageing on the mechanical properties of glass fabric/Elium® (GF/E) based composites, the test samples were aged in distilled water at a temperature of 60°C for 60 days. The obtained mechanical properties were compared between dry samples (control) and post-water immersed (aged) samples. It was found that water ageing degraded the properties of tensile, flexural strength, ILSS and Mode-II toughness by 30%, 59%, 46%, 37%, respectively. On the contrary, Mode-I fracture toughness of aged samples was 90% higher, indicating significant fibre bridging due to ageing. The microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant failure as the degradation of fibre/matrix interface due to hygrothermal ageing. The overall performance of GF/E composites with infusible TP resin is sensitive to hygrothermal ageing.
Long-term impact of early non-infectious complications at the initiation of peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Chan R , Walker RJ , Samaranayaka A , Schollum JBW 
Published: November 2022

Background: Early non-infectious complications at initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) are a major burden with unknown long-term impacts on individuals. Methods: Prospective multicentre cohort study using univariable and multivariable Cox regression to identity mortality risk and PD discontinuation risk in those with and without non-infectious complications. All individuals commencing PD between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018, registered in the New Zealand Peritoneal Dialysis Registry (NZPDR) were followed up to 31 December 2020. Early non-infectious complications defined as functional, catheter-related, exit-site dialysate leak or anatomical leak complications occurring within 30 days of initiation of PD. Primary outcomes were patient survival and time on PD therapy. Secondary outcomes were peritonitis free survival, first PD catheter survival and catheter tunnel infection free survival. Results: Of 1596 individuals included in the study, 102 experienced an early non-infectious complication. Multivariable analysis demonstrated these complications were associated with higher risk of overall mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–2.44), PD discontinuation (HR 1.84; 95% CI 1.41–2.41) and first catheter failure (HR 2.89; 95% CI 2.28–3.66). No difference was found for risk of development of first peritonitis episode or catheter tunnel infection. Mortality risk was associated with functional and exit-site dialysate leak complications and continued beyond 180 days. Risk of PD discontinuation and first catheter loss were associated with catheter and functional complications in the first 180 days. Conclusion: Early non-infectious complications are associated with long-term mortality risk. Further research in risk factors and causes of early non-infectious complications are required.
Simple CPAP (SIMPAP) for Neonatal Transport—Device Development and Proof of Concept Study
Authors: Thandaveshwara Deepti , Krishnegowda Sushma , Doreswamy Srinivasa Murthy 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To develop a low-cost, easy to use CPAP device with a simple patient interface—SIMPAP. Design: This was an in vitro experimental study. SIMPAP was designed and developed over three iterations to be able to use in clinical studies. SIMPAP consists of intersecting cylinders with each opening performing a designated function. One of the openings serves as an extremely short expiratory limb that is fitted with a calibrated occlusion. This results in a nonrebreathing system that generates predetermined pressure against which the baby has to exhale. Main Outcome Measure: To analyze the pressures generated by the initial prototypes of the SIMPAP device. Results: Four SIMPAP bodies and four pressure relief valves were tested with different combinations as four exercises. Mean (–2Sd to +2SD) pressure generated at a flow rate of 1 liter was 3.4 (2.2-4.7) cm of H2O and at 2 liters per min flow was 5.7 (4.8-6.6) cm of H2O. The 95% limit of agreement between exercises 1 and 2 was –0.4 to +1 cm of H2O, and between exercises 1 and 3 and 1 and 4 was –1 to +1 cm of H2O across the pressure range. Conclusion: SIMPAP can deliver therapeutic CPAP at low gas flow rates. Further clinical studies are warranted to establish the efficacy and safety of this new device on neonates.
The Effect of Adding Sour Cherry Concentrate to The Usual Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In 6 To 12 Years Old Children
Authors: Soltanifar Atefeh , Moharreri Fatemeh , Bakhtiari Elham , Hosseinpour Asieh 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sour cherry concentrate in symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 70 children with ADHD referred to the psychiatric clinic of Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in 2021 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received 75 ml of sour cherry concentrate twice daily in addition to the routine treatment for 2 weeks. The patients were evaluated using The Conner’s Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) before and after the study by a psychiatry resident. Results: Based on the findings, no significant differences were observed between the groups in change percent of Cognitive impairments ( p = .317), Hyperactivity/impulsivity ( p = .525), Oppositional ( p = .986), and ADHD index ( p = .451). Moreover, 28.6% and 31.4% of children with ADHD consuming the concentrate presented abdominal pain, and asthenia, respectively. Conclusion: The present study did not indicate a beneficial effect of sour cherry concentrate on symptoms of ADHD.