bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of maxillary sinus diameters in Chinese and Yemeni patients with skeletal malocclusion
Authors: Albarakani Abduljabbar Yahya , Zheng Bo-wen , Hong Jialin , Al-Somairi Majedh Abdo Ali , Abdulqader Abass Ahmed , Liu Yi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the maxillary sinus dimensions and surface area in accordance with skeletal malocclusion, gender and ethnicity factors in a sample of Chinese and Yemeni patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study analysed 180 maxillary sinuses using 180 lateral cephalometric radiographs. The patients were subdivided into two ethnic groups: Chinese and Yemeni. Each ethnic group comprised 90 patients, and men and women were divided equally. Each ethnic group was classified into three skeletal classes using ANB and Wits appraisal (skeletal Classes I, II and III). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was also used to assess the relationship between maxillary sinus dimensions and cephalometric parameters.

Results
Men had larger maxillary sinuses than women; skeletal Class II had a higher length and surface area increase than other skeletal classes, although skeletal Classes I and II were almost equal in height. Except for the maxillary sinus length, none of these findings were statistically significant. The maxillary sinuses in Chinese are larger than those in Yemenis (P = 0.000). These variables were positively correlated with SNA, SNB and Co–A. The maxillary sinus length and Co–Gn were positively correlated. The NA–APO and NA–FH angles were also correlated with the maxillary sinus surface area. However, the gonial and GoGn–Sn angles negatively affected the maxillary sinus dimension and surface area.

Conclusions
Men had larger maxillary sinuses than women in both ethnic groups, and Chinese individuals had larger maxillary sinuses than Yemenis. Skeletal Class II malocclusion of both ethnicities had larger maxillary sinus dimensions. Furthermore, the maxillary sinus dimensions correlated with cephalometric parameters.
Biological isolation and characterization of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don methanolic leaves extracts and their assessment for antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activities
Authors: Rajashekara Somashekara , Reena Dondapati , Mainavi Mullahalli Venkataramareddy , Sandhya Locheruvapalli Srinivasa , Baro Utpal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Biological synthesis of natural products from plants has made us an inspiring methodology in the field of science and biotechnology.

Methods
The methanolic extracts of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don plant leaves (CrPLE) were extracted and characterized by utilizing the phytochemicals estimation, Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis; and further evaluation for an understanding of the biomedical uses of CrPLE was done.

Results
The evaluation of the seven phytochemicals designates the presence of secondary metabolites in the CrPLE. The CrPLE (test samples) exhibited the Catechin and Caffeic acid contents of 0.0055 and 0.0149 mg/g respectively. The CrPLE revealed the highest antimicrobial activity and showed a mortal effect against the tested microorganisms. Cytotoxicity of the breast cancer cell lines was exposed that CrPLE as a respectable anticancer specialist and metabolically vigorous cells.

Conclusion
Consequently, the biological synthesized methanolic leaf extracts of the C. roseus plants would be appreciated and have incredible contributions to the field of medicinal applications.

Graphical Abstract
A continuing professional development imperative? Examining trends and characteristics of health professions education doctoral programs
Authors: Kulo Violet , Cestone Christina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the long-standing faculty development initiatives for improving teaching skills in the health professions, there is still a growing need for educators who are formally trained in educational theory and practice as health professions schools experience dramatic demand and growth. Graduate programs in health professions education (HPE) provide an avenue for health professions’ faculty continuing professional development to enhance their knowledge and skills for teaching and curriculum leadership roles. There has been a proliferation of certificate, master’s, and doctoral programs in HPE over the last two decades to respond to the growing need for well-prepared faculty educators and program leadership. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe current HPE doctoral programs in United States (U.S.) and Canada.

Methods
The study first examined doctoral programs in HPE identified in earlier studies. Next, we searched the literature and the web to identify new doctoral programs in the U.S. and Canada that had been established between 2014, when the prior study was conducted, and 2022. We then collated and described the characteristics of these programs, highlighting their similarities and differences.

Results
We identified a total of 20 doctoral programs, 17 in the U.S. and 3 in Canada. Of these, 12 programs in the U.S. and 1 program in Canada were established in the last 8 years. There are many similarities and some notable differences across programs with respect to degree title, admission requirements, duration, delivery format, curriculum, and graduation requirements. Most programs are delivered in a hybrid format and the average time for completion is 4 years.

Conclusions
The workforce shortage facing health professional schools presents an opportunity, or perhaps imperative, for continuing professional development in HPE through certificate, master’s, or doctoral programs. With the current exponential growth of new doctoral programs, there is a need to standardize the title, degree requirements, and further develop core competencies that guide the knowledge and skills HPE graduates are expected to have upon graduation.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants among ovine and caprine in selected districts of Afar region, Ethiopia
Authors: Dubie Teshager , Dagnew Betelhem , Gelo Esrael , Negash Wossene , Hussein Fentaw , Woldehana Mulatu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A Peste des petits ruminant is an acute, highly contagious and economically important transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. Despite the fact that food and agriculture organization and world organization for animal health plan to eradicate the disease by 2030, some studies indicated an increasing seropositivity of PPR infection in sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was employed to estimate the seroprevalence of PPR and to assess risk factors during the study period, February to April, 2020. Following purposive selection of the study districts, simple random sampling technique was employed to select individual animal during sample collection. A total of 384 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy sheep and goats. Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to detect the presence of antibodies against PPR at national veterinary institute. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square (X2) and logistic regression analysis were used is this study.

Results
The overall animal level seroprevalence of PPR virus was found to be 60.15% (n = 231/384) and species level prevalence rate was found to be 38.18% (n = 42) in sheep and 68.98% (n = 189) in goats in the study areas. Among the associated risk factors considered; species, sex, age and herd sizes were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the disease occurrence. Among the associated risk factors considered in this study, species, sex, age and herd size were found to be statistically associated with the seropositivity of PPR infection.

Conclusion
The present study finding revealed that a higher seroprevalence of PPR virus infection and this confirms peste des petits ruminant virus is circulating in Afar region. Further studies should be carried out on the entire region to determine PPR seroprevalence and to develop appropriate control and eradication strategies of PPR disease.
Time-varying parameters of glycemic control and glycation in relation to arterial stiffness in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Helleputte Simon , Calders Patrick , Rodenbach Arthur , Marlier Joke , Verroken Charlotte , De Backer Tine , Lapauw Bruno 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A substantial proportion of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients free from known cardiovascular disease (CVD) show premature arterial stiffening, with age, blood pressure, and HbA1c—as gold standard of glycemic control—as main predictors. However, the relationship of arterial stiffness with other time-varying parameters of glycemic control and glycation has been far less explored. This study investigated the relationship of arterial stiffness with several short- and long-term parameters of glycemic control and glycation in patients with T1D, such as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived parameters.

Methods
Cross-sectional study at a tertiary care centre including 54 patients with T1D free from known CVD. Arterial stiffness was assessed with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). Current level and 10-year history of HbA1c were evaluated, and skin AGEs, urinary AGEs, and serum soluble AGE-receptor (sRAGE) concentrations. CGM for 7 days was used to determine time in range, time in hyper- and hypoglycemia, and glycemic variability.

Results
Cf-PWV was associated with current HbA1c (rs = + 0.28), mean 10-years HbA1c (rs = + 0.36), skin AGEs (rs = + 0.40) and the skin AGEs-to-sRAGE ratio (rs = + 0.40), but not with urinary AGE or serum sRAGE concentrations; and not with any of the CGM-parameters. Multiple linear regression for cf-PWV showed that the model with the best fit included age, T1D duration, 24-h mean arterial pressure and mean 10-years HbA1c (adjusted R2 = 0.645, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Longer-term glycemic exposure as reflected by current and mean 10-years HbA1c is a key predictor of arterial stiffness in patients with T1D, while no relationship was found with any of the short-term CGM parameters. Our findings stress the importance of early and sustained good glycemic control to prevent premature CVD in patients with T1D and suggest that HbA1c should continue to be used in the risk assessment for diabetic complications. The role of skin glycation, as a biomarker for vascular aging, in the risk assessment for CVD is an interesting avenue for further research.
CD5L-associated gene analyses highlight the dysregulations, prognostic effects, immune associations, and drug-sensitivity predicative potentials of LCAT and CDC20 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xiuzhi , Liu Xiaoli , Zhu Keke , Zhang Xue , Li Ningning , Sun Tao , Fan Shasha , Dai Liping , Zhang Jinzhong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The dysregulation of CD5L has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its functions in HCC were controversial. In this study, we aimed to identify CD5L-associated pathways and markers and explore their values in HCC diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

Methods
HCC datasets with gene expression profiles and clinical data in TCGA and ICGC were downloaded. The immune/stroma cell infiltrations were estimated with xCell. CD5L-associated pathways and CD5L-associated genes (CD5L-AGs) were identified with gene expression comparisons and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were performed. The correlations of the key genes with immune/stroma infiltrations, immunoregulators, and anti-cancer drug sensitivities in HCC were investigated. At protein level, the key genes dysregulations, their correlations and prognostic values were validated in clinical proteomic tumor analysis consortium (CPTAC) database. Serum CD5L and LCAT activity in 50 HCC and 30 normal samples were evaluated and compared. The correlations of serum LCAT activity with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin (ALB) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in HCC were also investigated.

Results
Through systemic analyses, 14 CD5L-associated biological pathways, 256 CD5L-AGs and 28 CD5L-associated prognostic and diagnostic genes (CD5L-APDGs) were identified. A risk model consisting of LCAT and CDC20 was constructed for HCC overall survival (OS), which could discriminate HCC OS status effectively in both the training and the validation sets. CD5L, LCAT and CDC20 were shown to be significantly correlated with immune/stroma cell infiltrations, immunoregulators and 31 anti-cancer drug sensitivities in HCC. At protein level, the dysregulations of CD5L, LCAT and CDC20 were confirmed. LCAT and CDC20 were shown to be significantly correlated with proliferation marker MKI67. In serum, no significance of CD5L was shown. However, the lower activity of LCAT in HCC serum was obvious, as well as its significant positive correlations ALB and HDL concentrations.

Conclusions
CD5L, LCAT and CDC20 were dysregulated in HCC both at mRNA and protein levels. The LCAT-CDC20 signature might be new predicator for HCC OS. The associations of the three genes with HCC microenvironment and anti-cancer drug sensitivities would provide new clues for HCC immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
The metastatic capacity of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells changes along disease progression: inhibition by mifepristone
Authors: Ritch Sabrina J. , Noman Abu Shadat M. , Goyeneche Alicia A. , Telleria Carlos M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Simplistic two-dimensional (2D) in vitro assays have long been the standard for studying the metastatic abilities of cancer cells. However, tri-dimensional (3D) organotypic models provide a more complex environment, closer to that seen in patients, and thereby provide a more accurate representation of their true capabilities. Our laboratory has previously shown that the antiprogestin and antiglucocorticoid mifepristone can reduce the growth, adhesion, migration, and invasion of various aggressive cancer cells assessed using 2D assays. In this study, we characterize the metastatic capabilities of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells generated along disease progression, in both 2D and 3D assays, and the ability of cytostatic doses of mifepristone to inhibit them.

Methods
High-grade serous ovarian cancer cells collected from two separate patients at different stages of their disease were used throughout the study. The 2D wound healing and Boyden chamber assays were used to study migration, while a layer of extracellular matrix was added to the Boyden chamber to study invasion. A 3D organotypic model, composed of fibroblasts embedded in collagen I and topped with a monolayer of mesothelial cells was used to further study cancer cell adhesion and mesothelial displacement. All assays were studied in cells, which were originally harvested from two patients at different stages of disease progression, in the absence or presence of cytostatic doses of mifepristone.

Results
2D in vitro assays demonstrated that the migration and invasive rates of the cells isolated from both patients decreased along disease progression. Conversely, in both patients, cells representing late-stage disease demonstrated a higher adhesion capacity to the 3D organotypic model than those representing an early-stage disease. This adhesive behavior is associated with the in vivo tumor capacity of the cells. Regardless of these differences in adhesive, migratory, and invasive behavior among the experimental protocols used, cytostatic doses of mifepristone were able to inhibit the adhesion, migration, and invasion rates of all cells studied, regardless of their basal capabilities over simplistic or organotypic metastatic in vitro model systems. Finally, we demonstrate that when cells acquire the capacity to grow spontaneously as spheroids, they do attach to a 3D organotypic model system when pre-incubated with conditioned media. Of relevance, mifepristone was able to cause dissociation of these multicellular structures.

Conclusion
Differences in cellular behaviours were observed between 2 and 3D assays when studying the metastatic capabilities of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells representing disease progression. Mifepristone inhibited these metastatic capabilities in all assays studied.
The relationship between stress and health-related quality of life and the mediating role of self-efficacy in Norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Grasaas Erik , Skarstein Siv , Mikkelsen Hilde Timenes , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Rohde Gudrun , Helseth Sølvi , Haraldstad Kristin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
During the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood, adolescents encounter many changes and challenges. Stress is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and, thus, impacts all aspects of their life. Adolescents’ thoughts and beliefs in their capacity may be essential with regard to their subjective perception of stress and coping with it. Insights into the complexity of stress and exploration of the possible underlying mechanisms in adolescence are needed. We sought to describe stress, HRQOL, and self-efficacy and explore the association between stress and HRQOL by testing for self-efficacy as a possible mediator in adolescents.

Methods
In total, 696 school-based adolescents aged 14–15 years participated in this study. Participants were recruited from 22 schools in the Eastern and Southern parts of Norway. All participants completed an electronic survey in their respective classrooms. The survey included demographic data, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire measuring HRQOL, and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS Statistics software by Andrew Hayes model 4.

Results
Descriptive analyses revealed overall low levels of stress with a score of 0.29 (SD, 0.15). Nevertheless, stress was negatively associated with all HRQOL subscales: physical well-being (B =  − 25.60), psychological well-being (B =  − 38.43), autonomy and parents (B =  − 28.84), social support and peers (B =  − 21.05), and school environment (B =  − 30.28). Furthermore, these respective associations were all mediated by self-efficacy, which explained approximately one-fifth of the reduction in HRQOL. The highest degree of mediation and, thus, the largest indirect effect was estimated for the HRQOL subscale physical well-being (31.7%).

Conclusions
Our findings extend prior research on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between perceived stress and HRQOL in adolescents. They demonstrated that perceived stress explained most of the reduction in the HRQOL after adjusting for the effect of self-efficacy. Hence, stress itself appears to be an important target for future interventions to enhance HRQOL, rather than purely focusing on increasing self-efficacy to enhance the HRQOL in adolescents. Our findings highlight the importance of a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms to develop strategic and accurate interventions for adolescents.
The risk of depression and anxiety is not increased in individuals with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – results from the south-Swedish juvenile idiopathic arthritis cohort
Authors: Berthold Elisabet , Dahlberg Alma , Jöud Anna , Tydén Helena , Månsson Bengt , Kahn Fredrik , Kahn Robin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Children with chronic diseases are reported to have increased risk of psychiatric comorbidity. Few studies have investigated this risk in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), with conflicting results. We performed a population-based, longitudinal cohort study of the risk of depression and anxiety in south-Swedish patients with juvenile arthritis.

Methods
The south-Swedish JIA cohort (n = 640), a population-based cohort with validated JIA diagnosis 1980 – 2010 and comparators, a reference group of 3200 individuals free from JIA, matched for sex, year of birth and residential region, was used. Data on comorbid diagnosis with depression or anxiety were obtained from the Skåne Healthcare Register, containing all healthcare contacts in the region, from 1998 to 2019. We used Cox proportional models for the calculation of hazard ratios.

Results
During the study period, 1998 to 2019, 93 (14.5%) of the individuals in the JIA group were diagnosed with depression, and 111 (17.3%) with anxiety. Corresponding numbers among the references was 474 (14.8%) with depression and 557 (17.4%) with anxiety. Hazard ratio for depression was 1.1 (95% CI 0.9 – 1.5) in females and 0.8 (95% CI 0.5 – 1.4) in males, and for anxiety 1.2 (95% CI 0.9 – 1.5) in females and 0.6 (95% CI 0.4 – 1.1) in males. There were no statistically significant hazard ratios when analyzing subgroups of JIA patients with long disease duration or treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Conclusions
Individuals with JIA do not have any statistically increased risk of being diagnosed with depression or anxiety compared to matched references.
Naturalistic visualization of reaching movements using head-mounted displays improves movement quality compared to conventional computer screens and proves high usability
Authors: Wenk Nicolas , Buetler Karin A. , Penalver-Andres Joaquin , Müri René M. , Marchal-Crespo Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The relearning of movements after brain injury can be optimized by providing intensive, meaningful, and motivating training using virtual reality (VR). However, most current solutions use two-dimensional (2D) screens, where patients interact via symbolic representations of their limbs (e.g., a cursor). These 2D screens lack depth cues, potentially deteriorating movement quality and increasing cognitive load. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) have great potential to provide naturalistic movement visualization by incorporating improved depth cues, reduce visuospatial transformations by rendering movements in the space where they are performed, and preserve eye-hand coordination by showing an avatar—with immersive VR (IVR)—or the user’s real body—with augmented reality (AR). However, elderly populations might not find these novel technologies usable, hampering potential motor and cognitive benefits.

Methods
We compared movement quality, cognitive load, motivation, and system usability in twenty elderly participants (>59 years old) while performing a dual motor-cognitive task with different visualization technologies: IVR HMD, AR HMD, and a 2D screen. We evaluated participants’ self-reported cognitive load, motivation, and usability using questionnaires. We also conducted a pilot study with five brain-injured patients comparing the visualization technologies while using an assistive device.

Results
Elderly participants performed straighter, shorter duration, and smoother movements when the task was visualized with the HMDs than screen. The IVR HMD led to shorter duration movements than AR. Movement onsets were shorter with IVR than AR, and shorter for both HMDs than the screen, potentially indicating facilitated reaction times due to reduced cognitive load. No differences were found in the questionnaires regarding cognitive load, motivation, or usability between technologies in elderly participants. Both HMDs proved high usability in our small sample of patients.

Conclusions
HMDs are a promising technology to be incorporated into neurorehabilitation, as their more naturalistic movement visualization improves movement quality compared to conventional screens. HMDs demonstrate high usability, without decreasing participants’ motivation, and might potentially lower cognitive load. Our preliminary clinical results suggest that brain-injured patients may especially benefit from more immersive technologies. However, larger patient samples are needed to draw stronger conclusions.**