bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outcome of treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer according to recommendations in current Dutch and American guidelines
Authors: van Dijk Deborah , Groen Andries H. , van Dijk Boukje A. C. , van Veen Tim L. , Sluiter Wim J. , Links Thera P. , Plukker John T. H. M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveAssessment of treatment outcome in current de‐escalation for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) according to the 2015 Dutch thyroid cancer guidelines (NL‐15) and American Thyroid Association guidelines (ATA‐15).DesignRetrospectively, the recommendations of the NL‐15 and ATA‐15 guidelines were evaluated to estimate potentially adequate, under‐ and overtreatment of DTC in patients treated in the University Medical Center Groningen between 2007 and 2017.PatientsA total of 240 patients with a cT1‐T3aN0‐1aM0 DTC fulfilled the inclusion criteria.MeasurementsAfter actual treatment was given, patients were again categorized according to both guidelines into low, intermediate, or high‐risk based on tumour status. Next, they were categorized into a congruent low‐risk (n = 60), congruent high‐risk (n = 73), or incongruent risk group (n = 107). Follow‐up data were used to estimate the proportion of potentially adequate, under‐, and overtreatment according to both guidelines.ResultsComparing treatment recommended by NL‐15 and ATA‐15 showed significantly more over‐ and adequate treatment when following NL‐15 recommendations, and more undertreatment following ATA‐15 (all: p < .001). Subanalysis of the congruent low‐risk group showed overtreatment in 64% when following NL‐15 guidelines (p < .001). No treatment differences were found in the congruent high‐risk group. Undertreatment was most often seen in the incongruent risk group when following ATA‐15 (p < .001).ConclusionsLow‐risk patients were treated too aggressively when following NL‐15 recommendations, where the less aggressive ATA‐15 approach seemed more adequate. Treatment of intermediate risk DTC patients varies greatly, with a relative higher rate of undertreatment according to the recommendations of the ATA‐15, advocating further refining of the risk classification in this patient group.
Analysis of therapy monitoring in the International Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Registry
Authors: Lawrence Neil , Bacila Irina , Dawson Jeremy , Bryce Jillian , Ali Salma R. , van den Akker Erica L. T. , Bachega Tânia A. S. S. , Baronio Federico , Birkebæk Niels H. , Bonfig Walter , van der Grinten Hedi C. , Costa Eduardo C. , de Vries Liat , Elsedfy Heba , Güven Ayla , Hannema Sabine , Iotova Violeta , van der Kamp Hetty J. , Clemente María , Lichiardopol Corina R. , Milenkovic Tatjana , Neumann Uta , Nordenström Ana , Poyrazoğlu Şukran , Probst‐Scheidegger Ursina , De Sanctis Luisa , Tadokoro‐Cuccaro Rieko , Thankamony Ajay , Vieites Ana , Yavaş Zehra , Faisal Ahmed Syed , Krone Nils 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveCongenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) requires exogenous steroid replacement. Treatment is commonly monitored by measuring 17‐OH progesterone (17OHP) and androstenedione (D4).DesignRetrospective cohort study using real‐world data to evaluate 17OHP and D4 in relation to hydrocortisone (HC) dose in CAH patients treated in 14 countries.PatientsPseudonymized data from children with 21‐hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) recorded in the International CAH Registry.MeasurementsAssessments between January 2000 and October 2020 in patients prescribed HC were reviewed to summarise biomarkers 17OHP and D4 and HC dose. Longitudinal assessment of measures was carried out using linear mixed‐effects models (LMEM).ResultsCohort of 345 patients, 52.2% female, median age 4.3 years (interquartile range: 3.1–9.2) were taking a median 11.3 mg/m2/day (8.6–14.4) of HC. Median 17OHP was 35.7 nmol/l (3.0–104.0). Median D4 under 12 years was 0 nmol/L (0–2.0) and above 12 years was 10.5 nmol/L (3.9–21.0). There were significant differences in biomarker values between centres (p < 0.05). Correlation between D4 and 17OHP was good in multiple regression with age (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.29).In longitudinal assessment, 17OHP levels did not change with age, whereas D4 levels increased with age (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.08). Neither biomarker varied directly with dose or weight (p > 0.05). Multivariate LMEM showed HC dose decreasing by 1.0 mg/m2/day for every 1 point increase in weight standard deviation score.DiscussionRegistry data show large variability in 17OHP and D4 between centres. 17OHP correlates with D4 well when accounting for age. Prescribed HC dose per body surface area decreased with weight gain.
Effect of grey component replacement processing and varnishing on the light fastness of colours on cardboard prints
Authors: Cigula Tomislav , Tomašegović Tamara , Donevski Davor , Hudika Tomislav 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe visual appearance of packaging is one of its most important features. Electromagnetic irradiation causes a change in colour and often leads to colour fading (ie, to diminished visual appearance of a printed product). This research study aimed to determine the combined effect of grey component replacement image processing and varnishing on the protection of prints' appearance when exposed to accelerated ageing. For that purpose, two test charts were printed in a lithographic press and coated with water‐based and ultraviolet‐curable varnish before exposing them to xenon light. The prepared prints were evaluated by determining the tone values and colour difference, as well as the rub and abrasion resistance. In addition, Fourier Transform–infrared‐attenuated total reflectance spectra were recorded to detect possible chemical changes caused by the (AcA). The results showed that the investigated period of (AcA) caused significant differences in the tone values of yellow, while the other primary colours proved to be more resistant. The water‐based varnish provided better protection than the ultraviolet‐curable varnish. The grey component replacement image processing diminished the colour difference caused by (AcA) on all the prepared print samples, and was particularly detected in tertiary colours containing the mid‐range tone values of yellow (34%‐68%). Both varnishes improved the rub resistance of aged prints, but only ultraviolet‐curable varnish improved the abrasion resistance of both the unaged and the aged prints. In conclusion, applying varnish to prints ensured enhanced rub and abrasion resistance and diminished the colour change caused by (AcA). Finally, improved resistance to colour change was achieved by processing images with the grey component replacement method.
First reports of Calonectria pacifica and Ca. kyotensis in the soil from Camellia oleifera plantations in China
Authors: Pei Fan , Zhou Lifeng , Pan Weihua , Lin Haiping , Zhou Xudong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCamellia oleifera is an important economic plant widely grown in South China. The oil extracted from C. oleifera seeds is edible containing high‐quality unsaturated fatty acids. Calonectria species are well‐known fungal plant pathogens. In this study, 30 soil samples were collected from five C. oleifera plantations in Dajian Mountain, Zhejiang Province, China, and a total of 21 isolates of Calonectria species were obtained. Based on the morphological characterizations and phylogenetic analysis using combined sequence data of four genes including cmdA, his3, tef1 and tub2, these Calonectria species were identified as Calonectria pacifica and Ca. kyotensis. Pathogenicity tests using inoculation of wounded leaves proved that the two obtained Calonectria species were pathogenic to C. oleifera. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of Calonectria species from the soils in C. oleifera plantations and their potential threat as pathogens of the plant should be monitored.
Industrialisation in a small grain economy during the First Globalisation: Bulgaria c. 1870–1910
Authors: Ivanov Martin , Kopsidis Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn Bulgaria the share of secondary production in GDP remained constantly low between c. 1870–1910. To explain the country's exceptionally weak growth, we use endogenous and unified growth theory. Gerschenkron and Palairet blame a self‐sufficiency‐oriented peasant economy for rising labour and raw material costs in industry, which destroyed the competitiveness of Bulgarian manufacturing and prevented industrialisation. We refute the existence of any long‐lasting cost increases in industry after 1878. Quite the opposite was true: the expansion of Bulgaria's secondary sector was restricted by detrimental changes on the demand side, for which peasants were not responsible. Recent research claims that, around 1910, Bulgarian textile production was significantly lower than in 1870. Our study brings to light new data and information that clearly disproves this view. Until around 1910, a booming modern manufacturing sector more than replaced the country's proto‐industries’ textile outputs, which had plummeted dramatically during the early years of the newly founded Bulgarian state. However, as the rise of modern manufacturing in textile production coincided with the decline of the entire large sector of traditional manufacturing, secondary production as a whole stagnated.
Mitochondrial DNA variant spectrum and the association with chronic tic disorders
Authors: Jiang Peifang , Zhu Tao , Liu Jiajing , Tao Xiaohan , Xue Ziru , Tao Yiling , Chen Hongyu , Zeng Xiaojing , Zhu Weiyi , Shu Qiang , Yu Lan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeTic disorders (TDs) are childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by single or multiple sudden, rapid, recurrent, and motor tics and/or vocal tics. Several nuclear genes that are involved in mitochondrial functions suggest a potential role of mitochondria in TDs.MethodsTo evaluate the association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants with TDs, we screened the whole mitochondrial genomes in 493 TD patients and 109 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls using next generation sequencing technology.ResultsA total of 1918 mtDNA variants including 1220 variants in patients only, 154 variants in controls only, and 544 variants shared by both cases and controls were identified. We found a higher number of overall mtDNA variants in TD patients (p = 0.00028). The variant density in MT‐ATP6/8 and MT‐CYB coding regions showed a significant difference between TD patients and controls (p = 0.0025 and p = 0.003, respectively). Furthermore, we observed a significant association of 15 common variants with TD based on an additive model, including m.14766C > T, m.14783 T > C, m.14905G > A, and m.15301G > A in MT‐CYB; m.4769A > G, m.10398A > G, m.12705C > T, and m.12850A > G in MT‐ND genes; m.7028C > T in MT‐CO1; m.8701A > G in MT‐ATP6; two variants with m.16223C > T, m.5580 T > C in noncoding regions; and three rRNA variants with m.1438A > G and m.750A > G in RNR1, and m.2352 T > C in RNR2.ConclusionsOur data provide evidence of mtDNA variants associated with TDs. The accumulation of the heteroplasmic levels may increase the risk of TDs. Replication studies with larger samples are necessary to understand the pathogenesis of TDs.
Modified spider monkey optimization algorithm based feature selection and probabilistic neural network classifier in face recognition
Authors: Balasubramanian Kishore , Nalligoundenpalayam Periyasamy Ananthamoorthy , Kishore Ramya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel and robust predictive method using modified spider monkey optimization (MSMO) and probabilistic neural network (PNN) for face recognition. The limitation of the traditional spider monkey optimization (SMO) approach to obtaining an optimal solution for classification problems is overcome by enhancing the performance of SMO by modifying the perturbation rate with a non‐linear function, thereby improving the convergence of SMO. The framework comprises image preprocessing, feature extraction using dual tree complex wavelet transform (DT‐CWT), feature selection using the modified spider monkey optimization algorithm (MSMO), and classification using PNN. The proposed method is tested on the Yale and AR Face datasets. Experimental outcomes reveal that the proposed framework attain an accuracy of 99.4% with appreciable sensitivity, specificity, and G‐mean. To examine the efficacy of MSMO, parametric studies are conducted, which showed that MSMO converges faster with high fitness when compared to similar evolutionary algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO), Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO), and Cuckoo Search (CS) in selecting the optimal feature set. The MSMO‐PNN method outperforms similar state‐of‐the‐art methods, which reveals that the method proposed is competitive. The proposed model is robust to Gaussian and salt–pepper noise, obtaining the highest accuracy of 97.89% for varied noise density and variance.
(Dis)trust in doctors and public and private healthcare institutions in the Western Balkans
Authors: Maljichi Driton , Limani Blerim , Spier Troy E. , Angjelkoska Violeta , Stojković Zlatanović Sanja , Maljichi Drita , Alloqi Tahirbegolli Iliriana , Tahirbegolli Bernard , Kulanić Ahmed , Agolli Nasufi Irida , Kovač‐Orlandić Milica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionConsidering the geopolitical changes in the six Western Balkan countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia—over the last three decades, particularly as it concerns the progress and changes in the healthcare systems, we argue that there is a need for a detailed analysis of people's trust in those healthcare systems and healthcare providers.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional, intercountry study, we examine the trust trends of Western Balkans citizens in medical doctors and public and private healthcare institutions from 25 July 2021 to 30 October 2021, with 3789 participants using a self‐reported questionnaire, and Google Forms. Snowball sampling is used to collect data from six Western Balkans countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia.FindingsThe primary findings of our study show that citizens in the Western Balkans have a low level of trust in their healthcare system (X̄ = 4.3/10). Medical doctors working in private healthcare institutions, on the other hand, are afforded a higher level of trust (X̄ = 6.6/10) than those working in public healthcare institutions (X̄ = 5.7/10). In the event that they or their family members need to visit a health institution, half of the study participants would choose private healthcare institutions over public ones. We found a statistically significant difference between countries on the mean points from the questions concerning one's trust in the healthcare system, private healthcare institutions and medical doctors working in public and private sectors (p < .05).ConclusionDespite its limitations, this study is the first cross‐sectional research on the ‘trust interface’ among western Balkan citizens, revealing that they have low trust in their healthcare systems.Public ContributionThe information in this manuscript was gathered on the level of 3789 citizens from six Western Balkan countries. Before we began collecting data, we conducted a piloting procedure with 40 citizens who were clients of health institutions to validate the data collection questionnaire.
The influence of chatbot humour on consumer evaluations of services
Authors: Shin Hyunju , Bunosso Isabella , Levine Lindsay R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTechnological advances have enabled firms to automate customer service by employing artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots. Despite their many potential benefits, interactions with chatbots may still feel machine‐like and cold. The current study proposes the use of humour by chatbots as a gateway to humanizing them and thereby enhancing the customer experience. Across three experimental studies, the results reveal that (i) the use of humour enhances service satisfaction when it is used by a chatbot but not when it is used by a human agent, (ii) this chatbot humour effect is serially mediated by enhanced perceptions of anthropomorphism and interestingness of the interactions with the chatbot, and (iii) whilst both positively and negatively valenced chatbot humour may enhance the interestingness of the interactions, socially appropriate (i.e., affiliative) humour as opposed to inappropriate (i.e., aggressive) humour leads to enhanced service satisfaction. This study extends the understanding of the humanization processes of chatbots and provides guidelines for how firms should use chatbot humour to positively influence consumers' service satisfaction.
Novel pain management therapies for patients with pemphigus
Authors: Garcia Natalie , Patel Om U. , Graham Lauren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPemphigus is a class of rare autoimmune diseases that causes incredibly painful blistering of the skin and significantly impacts patients' day‐to‐day lives and well‐being. Many strides have been made in treating pemphigus; however, no comprehensive literature exists on how to treat the pain that accompanies the disease. It is important to remember that treating pemphigus involves a two‐fold treatment plan assessing both the underlying autoimmune disease and the pain involved with the lesions. This literature review explores novel therapies that have been shown to be effective in treating pain in pemphigus.
Job demands and well‐being in universities in the pandemic: A longitudinal study
Authors: Wood Stephen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConcerns about work intensification within universities have been an issue over the past decade and the Covid‐19 pandemic may have accelerated any trend toward excessive job demands associated with work‐related stress. This paper reports a longitudinal study conducted in two English universities based on observations at 11 time points from March 2020 to February 2021, covering academic and nonacademic workers. The results show that four measures of job demands increased during the period and that blended learning has contributed to these increases. Various measures of well‐being are negatively associated with work intensity, while work–nonwork conflict is positively related to it and mediates the demands–well‐being relationship. The study also shows that the use of a variety of methods of accommodating the increased demands—increasing total hours, working at weekends, extending the work day and forsaking breaks, normal holidays and exercise—are associated with increased work intensity. The policy implications of the study are that interventions aimed at employee well‐being should be focused on the causes of stress and, particularly, job demands, rather than coping with stress and that future decisions about homeworking should take account of these causes and not simply the satisfaction or performance levels of homeworkers.
The challenges and potential of geogenomics for biogeography and conservation in Amazonia
Authors: Ribas Camila C. , Fritz Sherilyn C. , Baker Paul A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmazonia has a very high, although still incompletely known, species diversity distributed over a mosaic of heterogeneous habitats that are also poorly characterized. As a result of this multi‐faceted complexity, Amazonia poses a great challenge to geogenomic approaches that strive to find causal links between Earth's geological history and biotic diversification, including the use of genomic data to solve geologic problems. This challenge is even greater because of the need for interdisciplinary approaches despite the difficulties of working across disciplines, where misinterpretations of the literature in disparate research fields can produce unrealistic scenarios of biotic‐geologic linkages. The exchange of information and the joint work of geologists and biologists are essential for building stronger and more realistic hypotheses about how past climate may have affected the distribution and connectivity among populations, how the evolution of drainage networks influenced biotic diversification, and how ecological traits and species interactions currently define the spatial organization of biodiversity, and thus how this organization has changed in the past and may change in the future. The heterogeneity of Amazonia and the different effects of historical processes over its distinct regions and ecosystems have to be more completely recognized in biogeography, conservation; and policymaking. In this perspective, we provide examples of geological, climatological; and ecological information relevant to studies of biotic diversification in Amazonia, where recent advances (and their limitations) may not be apparent to researchers in other fields. The three examples, which include the limitations of climate model outputs, the complicated evolution of river drainages; and the complex link between species and their habitats modulated by ecological specialization, are a small subsample intended to illustrate the urgency for more integrated interdisciplinary approaches.
Patterns of reading behaviour in digital hypertext environments
Authors: Hahnel Carolin , Ramalingam Dara , Kroehne Ulf , Goldhammer Frank 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundComputer‐based assessment allows for the monitoring of reader behaviour. The identification of patterns in this behaviour can provide insights that may be useful in informing educational interventions.ObjectivesOur study aims to explore what different patterns of reading activity exist, and investigates their interpretation and consistency across different task sets (units), countries, and languages. Three patterns were expected: on‐task, exploring and disengaged.MethodsUsing log data from the PISA 2012 digital reading assessment (9226 students from seven countries), we conducted hierarchical cluster analyses with typical process indicators of digital reading assessments. We identified different patterns and explored whether they remained consistent across different units. To validate the interpretation of the identified patterns, we examined their relationship to performance and student characteristics (gender, socio‐economic status, print reading skills).Results and ConclusionsThe results indicate a small number of transnational clusters, with unit‐specific differences. Cluster interpretation is supported by associations with student characteristics—for example, students with low print reading skills were more likely to show a disengaged pattern than proficient readers. Exploring behaviour tended to be exhibited only once across the three units: It occurred in the first unit for proficient readers and in later units for less skilled readers.Major TakeawaysBehavioural patterns can be identified in digital reading tasks that may prove useful for educational monitoring and intervention. Although task situations are designed to evoke certain behaviours, the interpretation of observed behavioural patterns requires validation based on task requirements, assessment context and relationships to other available information.