bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Range-wide genetic assessment of F. pennsylvanica reveals a high frequency of parentage from Fraxinus cultivars and extensive admixture between F. pennsylvanica and F. americana
Authors: Noakes Andi G. , Shirley Devin L. , Stanley Robert K. , Snyder Tatum , Koch Jennifer L. , ROMERO-SEVERSON JEANNE 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Conservation of the gene pool of F. pennsylvanica (green ash), the species most susceptible to emerald ash borer (EAB), requires a range-wide genetic assessment of the population dynamics to guide seed collection efforts. An assessment of gene flow into natural stands from ubiquitously distributed green ash and F. americana (white ash) cultivars is also essential. We used 16 EST-SSR markers to genotype 1291 trees from 48 naturally regenerated populations of green ash, 19 green ash cultivars and 10 white ash from a Fraxinus species collection. We did not find evidence for latitudinal gradients in allele richness or higher differentiation in northern range edge populations. Analysis of population substructure revealed two major groups of green ash, one dominant in northwestern locations, one dominant in southern locations and extensive admixture in midwestern and eastern locations. We identified a third group as white ash, including 140 individuals with interspecific admixture in eastern and southern populations. We detected cultivar parentage with high confidence in 172 individuals in 34 of the 48 populations. We conclude that high dispersal capacity, broad adaptability, and gene flow from many cultivars into predominately northern regions, plays a role in the comparatively low regional population substructure in the Northwest. The high frequency of cultivar propagule dispersal and extent of interspecific admixture detected in our study suggests that under rapidly changing conditions, local populations may or may not be locally adapted and standing genetic variation may not be of long standing.
MicroRNA-190b Targets RFWD3 in ER Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Frick Elisabet Alexandra , Kristjansdottir Karen , Ragnarsdóttir Snædís , Vilhjalmsson Arnar Ingi , Bustos Maria Rose , Vidarsdottir Linda , Gudjonsson Thorkell , Sigurdsson Stefan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In the year 2020 breast cancer was the most common form of cancer. Roughly 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor positive. MicroRNA-190b has previously been reported to be up-regulated in estrogen receptor positive breast cancers. Our group has previously demonstrated that microRNA-190b is hypomethylated in ER+ breast cancers, potentially leading to its upregulation. Results: In this study, using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas, we confirm that microRNA-190b is overexpressed in breast cancer via differential expression analysis and show that high expression of microRNA-190b results in more favorable outcomes in Luminal A patients (HR=0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.71, P value=0.0063). MicroRNA190b target analysis, using immunoprecipitation of biotin labelled microRNA-190b, followed by RNA sequencing, identified RFWD3 as one of microRNA-190b’s regulatory targets in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Survival analysis of RFWD3 showed that elevated levels result in poorer overall survival in Luminal A breast cancer patients (HR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.33-3.71, P = 0.002). Gene ontology analysis of our sequencing results indicate that miR-190b may have a role in breast cancer development and/or tumorigenesis and that it may be a suitable tool in characterization between the estrogen receptor positive subtypes, Luminal A and Luminal B.Conclusions: We show that miR-190b targets RFWD3 in ER+ breast cancers leading to lower RFWD3 protein expression. Low levels of RFWD3 are associated with better outcomes in Luminal A breast cancer patients but not in Luminal B patients.
Brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in the evaluation of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in retired professional soccer players: a cross-sectional [18F]FDG-PET/MRI study
Authors: Aranha Mateus Rozalem , Coutinho Artur Martins , Carneiro Camila de Godoy , Pastorello Bruno Fraccini , Studart-Neto Adalberto , Guariglia Carla Cristina , Tsunemi Miriam Harumi , Moreira Everton Luis Santos , Ianof Jéssica Natuline , Anghinah Renato , Nitrini Ricardo , Cerri Giovanni Guido , Fortea Juan , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , Leite Claudia Costa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Professional soccer athletes are exposed to repetitive, sport-related head impacts and are at risk of developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy. This study aims to evaluate regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) and grey matter (GM) volume in retired soccer players (RSP).Methods: Male RSP and age and sex-matched controls were prospectively enrolled between 2017 and 2019. Participants underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluations, brain MRI and [18F]FDG-PET in a 3.0-Tesla PET/MRI scanner. Individual visual analysis was performed by a neuroradiologist and a nuclear physician, blinded to the participant's group. [18F]FDG uptake and GM volume were assessed using SPM8 software. According to data type and distribution, groups were compared using appropriate statistical tests available at SPM8 and R. Results: Nineteen RSP (median: 62 years, IQR: 50-64.5) and 20 controls (median: 60 years, IQR: 48-73) were included. RSP performed worse on mini-mental state examination, digit span, clock drawing, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and had reduced rBGM in the left temporal pole (pFDR=0.008) and the anterior left middle temporal gyrus (pFDR=0.043). GM volume reduction was observed in similar anatomic regions but was less extensive and did not survive correction for multiple comparisons (puncorrected<0.001, pFDR≥0.085). Individual [18F]FDG-PET visual analysis revealed seven RSP with overt hypometabolism in the medial and lateral temporal lobes, frontal lobes, and temporoparietal regions. RSP had a higher prevalence of cavum septum pellucidum and septum pellucidum fenestration on MRI.Conclusion: RSP had reduced rBGM and GM volume in the temporal lobes and septum pellucidum abnormalities, findings possibly related to repetitive head impacts.
Red Clover Root-Associated Microbiota is Shaped by Geographic Location and Choice of Farming System
Authors: Jambagi Shridhar , Hodén Kristian Persson , Öhlund Linda , Dixelius Christina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Red clover (Trifolium pratense), a crop constrained by weak persistence, is the number one forage legume in Northern Europe. Whether plant loss is a sign of an increasing number of known or new pathogens, a decreasing occurrence of beneficial soil microorganisms or other factors is unclear. Here, we collected red clover root samples from Swedish conventional and organic farming sites located between latitudes 55°N and 66°N and analyzed their prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities using amplicon sequencing. We compared the organism diversity, differential abundance, hub taxa and impact of Rhizobium on fungal pathogens in relation to geographic location and farming practices.
Results
We found that microbial biodiversity was lowest in samples from southern Sweden and on conventional farms. Rhizobium was the most prevalent bacterial genus, followed by Sphingomonas, Mucilaginibacter, Flavobacterium and the unclassified Chloroflexi group KD4-96. The Leptodontidium, Cladosporium, Clonostachys and Tetracladium fungal genera known for endophytic, ectomycorrhizal, saprotrophic and mycoparasitic lifestyles were also frequently observed in all samples. Sixty-two potential pathogenic fungi were identified with a bias toward grass pathogens and a higher abundance in samples from conventional farms. To gain insights into the cooccurrence patterns of red clover root-associated communities, intrakingdom and interkingdom networks were constructed. Bacterial networks were dominated by known beneficial groups of bacterial species. The interaction between Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii and Aeromicrobium sp. was strongly positive in the north but negative in the south. Different co-occurrence responses were observed when fungal and bacterial data were combined, as exemplified by the interactions with Clonostachys rosea, a beneficial fungus that fluctuated in our dataset and was positively associated with species in Enterobacterales and Aeromicrobium in the north but negatively with species in the south.
Conclusions
We show that the microbial community is mainly shaped by geographic location and management procedures. R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii is a keystone species in samples from the northern region and Swedish organic farms. This Rhizobium species is negatively associated with all fungal pathogenic species recognized in this study. A number of previously unknown fungal species are identified, particularly those known to produce mycotoxins, which are of major concern for crop productivity and feed safety.
Deconvoluting sex-dependent dendritic cell-monocyte lineages in emphysematous lung tissue with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Shin Ji , Manichaikul Ani , Huang Yong , Obaida Zaid , Burdick Marie , Song Chunzi , Hannan Riley , Yang Chaojie , Tan Ching , Zhang Zhimin , Sol-Church Katia , Sturek Jeffrey , Noble Schroeder , Paige Mikell , Shim Yun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Emphysema is a unique type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and sex may influence susceptibility. After cigarette smoke exposure, murine males and ovariectomized females developed more severe emphysema. Herein, we present divergent bulk and single-cell transcriptomic profiles between male and female murine lungs. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis of the bulk lung RNA sequencing identified a Green gene module that correlated with male sex and ovariectomy. The Green gene module was enriched in common monocyte progenitors, classical monocytes, type 1 dendritic cells, and macrophages from 83,698 murine cells exposed to air or cigarette smoke for five months. Sexual dimorphism altered the compositions and transcriptome of the clusters enriched with the Green gene module. This comprehensive transcriptomic analysis advances our understanding of dynamic cellular responses controlled by sexual dimorphism during the development of emphysematous pulmonary tissue remodeling and reveals potential targets for mechanistic studies in the future.
A Comparison of Scapulothoracic Stabilization Exercises in Addition to Complex Decongestive Physiotherapy Versus Complex Decongestive Physiotherapy Only in Women Developing Lymphedema After Mastectomy
Authors: Pirincci Cansu Sahbaz , Dalyan Meltem , Delialioglu Sibel Unsal , Celenay Seyda Toprak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the effects of scapulothoracic stabilization exercises (SSE) in addition to complex decongestive physiotherapy (CDP) on scapular function, posture, and balance compared to CDP alone in women with lymphedema after mastectomy. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into two groups as CDP (n:12) and CDP+SSE (n:13). While only CDP (3-week treatment phase and 5-week maintenance phase) was applied in the CDP group, CDP (3-week treatment phase and 5-week maintenance phase) and SSE (8 weeks) were applied in the CDP+SSE group. Scapulothoracic muscle strength, scapular endurance, scapular dyskinesia, thoracic kyphosis, general posture, and balance were evaluated before the treatment phase (TP), after the TP, and after the 5th week of the maintenance phase (MP).Results: Improvements in the lower trapezius muscle strength were found in both groups after the TP (p<0.05). In addition, middle trapezius muscle strength and general posture improved more in the CDP+SSE group than in the CDP group after the TP (p<0.05). In the MP, scapulothoracic muscle strength, scapular endurance and general posture improved more in CDP+SSE group compared to the CDP group (p<0.05).Conclusion: In upper extremity lymphedema patients, incorporating additional SSE in CDP may contribute to the improvement of posture and scapular functions.
Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence genes, and Phylogenetic Characteristics of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from Patients and Swine suffering from Diarrhea
Authors: Do Kyung-Hyo , Seo Kwang-Won , Lee Wan-Kyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Escherichia (E.) coli causes colibacillosis in swine and humans, and is frequently associated with antimicrobial resistance. In this study we aimed to compare antimicrobial resistance, O-serogroups, virulence genes, and multi-locus sequence type of E. coli between isolates from pigs and patients suffering from diarrhea, and the most prevalent pathogenic E. coli strain from swine isolates in Korea.
Methods
We tested 64 and 50 E. coli strains from pigs and patients suffering from diarrhea for antimicrobial susceptibility test, virulence genes, O-serogroups, and multi-locus sequence typing.
Results
We confirmed that isolates from swine showed significantly higher resistance than from those from patients, especially to fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin: 37.5% and 10.0%; norfloxacin: 29.7% and 8.0%, respectively). Stx1 (23 isolates, 46.0%) was most frequently detected in patients followed by stx2 (19 isolates, 38.0%). There was no significant difference in stx2 (swine: 23.4%, patients: 38.0%). In isolates from patients, O157 (12.0%) was the most prevalent O-serogroup, and two isolates (3.1%) from pigs were confirmed to have O157. Additionally, sequence type (ST) 10 (swine: 6 isolates, patients: 2 isolates) and ST 88 (swine: 2 isolates, patients: 1 isolate) were simultaneously detected.
Conclusions
We confirmed that isolates from both pigs and patients had similar virulence traits and they were phylogenetically similar. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance was significantly higher in pigs than in patients. These results suggest that there are risks for cross-infection and transfer of antimicrobial resistance between pigs and human.
Construction and Validation of CAPSES Scale as a Composite Indicator of SES for Health Researches: An Application to Modeling Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Asadi-Lari Mohsen , Majdzadeh Reza , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Nedjat Saharnaz , Mohammad Kazem , Cheraghian Bahman 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The main objective of this study was to construct and validate a composite socio-economic status indicator, containing material capital, human capital, and social capital (CAPSES scale) and also appropriate it for CVDs in a large population-based study.
Methods
This cross-sectional study, the Urban HEART-2 project, was conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2011. A total of 34116 households covering 118542 individuals were assessed in this study. A 14-parts questionnaire was completed for all selected households. All the gathered data were based on the participants’ self-reports. Literacy, wealth index, expenditure, skill level, and Townsend index were used as SES indexes. CVDs including Hypertension, Myocardial infarction, and Stroke were considered as the main outcomes. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to construct CAPSES scale a composition index of SES. Criterion validity and Construct validity were used to assess this scale.
Results
A total of 91830 subjects consisting of 33884 (49%) men were included in this analysis. The mean age of the participants was 41.5 ± 11.37 years. Among the assessed participants, 5904(6.4%) reported Hypertension, 1507(1.6%) myocardial infarction, and 407(0.4%) strokes. The overall weighted prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular events (hypertension, stroke, and MI) was 8.03% (95%CI: 7.8–8.2). Inverse associations were seen between the CAPSES scale and its domains with CVDs, adjusted for sex, age, BMI, smoking, and diabetes by multiple logistic regression model.
Conclusion
The CAPSES scale was significantly associated with stroke and hypertension. Our findings showed that the CAPSES index can be useful for public health research.
Analysis of Variance of Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Interference, Intensity and Hypertension Types in Ghana
Authors: Adzika Vincent , Appiah-Poku John , Mensah David , Pedro Athena , Ahorlu Collins , Kantanka Safo , Quasie Olga 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (PDN) is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes and affects 30–90% of patients with adjuvant complications. Hypertension has been found to increase the risk of long-term vascular complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus which includes peripheral sensory diabetic neuropathic pain. However, the relationship between Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Interference, Intensity and Hypertension types among Type 2 Diabetes has not been extensively investigated. This study investigates the relationship between hypertension PDN intensity interference and pain intensity. The research design was a cross-sectional descriptive design. A sample of 125 participants was systematically selected for the study A demographic questionnaire and the Brief Pain Inventory for Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy was used to collect the data. ANOVA was used to determine whether there is an association, between the hypertension types and PDN pain intensity and interference. The study concluded that there was no relationship between Hypertension types and PDN intensity and interference. The study further discovered that whether a patient had normal hypertension, pre-hypertension, stage 1 hypertension, or Stage 2 hypertension, they felt equal pain.
Characteristics, Incidence, and Outcomes of Gastrointestinal Complications Post-Cardiac Surgery in A Quaternary Referral Centre: A Retrospective Study.
Authors: Yadav Naveen , Chapple Lee-anne , O'Connor Stephanie , Worthington Michael , Reddi Benjamin , Sundararajan Krishnaswamy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Gastrointestinal (GI) complications after cardiac surgery are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early identification and treatment of GI complications could improve patient outcomes. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the incidence and outcomes of GI complications following cardiac surgery and to identify clinical characteristics associated with the development of GI complications in this population.Methods:A retrospective single-centre cohort study of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery in an Australian quaternary cardiothoracic surgical referral centre from November 2012 to March 2020 was conducted. Pre-operative characteristics, and intra-operative and post-operative management were compared between patients who did or did not develop GI complications. Data are presented as n (%).Results:A total of 4417 patients underwent cardiac surgery of whom 95 (2%) developed GI complications in the post-operative period. The most common GI complication was paralytic ileus (n=22, 22%), while mesenteric ischemia (n=16, 16%) was associated with the highest all-cause mortality (n=7, 44%). Pre-operative factors associated with GI complications included age >70 years, creatinine >200 microgram/ml, pre-operative arrhythmia, and illness severity (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and III score). The intra-operative factor associated with GI complications was a cardiopulmonary bypass time >120 mins. Post-operative factors associated with GI complications included red blood cell transfusion, stroke, new-onset renal failure, cardiogenic shock, ventilation >24 hours, re-intubation, septic shock, and multiorgan failure. Conclusions:Multiple risk factors associated with GI complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery were identified. These provide potential targets to support early detection and management of GI complications in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients.
Trochanteric claw plate fixation for greater trochanteric fracture or osteotomy in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Oe Kenichi , Iida Hirokazu , Sogawa Shohei , Kobayashi Fumito , Nakamura Tomohisa , Saito Takanori 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Fixation of greater trochanteric fractures or osteotomy in total hip arthroplasty pose technical challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the results of trochanteric claw plate fixation.Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 41 consecutive open reductions and internal fixations following primary or revised total hip arthroplasty, which required trochanteric claw plate fixation for greater trochanteric fracture or osteotomy between January 2008 and December 2020. The mean duration of clinical follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 1–13 years). The patients included 13 men and 28 women, with a mean age of 68 years (range, 32–87 years). The indications for intervention included trochanteric osteotomy, intraoperative fracture, and non-union including postoperative fracture in 6, 9, and 26 cases, respectively.Results: The mean Merle d'Aubigné clinical score improved from 9.4 points (range, 5−15 points) pre-operatively, to 14.3 points (range, 9−18 points) at the last follow-up. Bone union occurred in 35 cases (85%), while implant breakage occurred in 4 cases. At the last follow-up, the mean Merle d’Aubigné Clinical Score of bone union and non-union were 15.3 and 14.1 points, respectively (p = 0.48). The Kaplan-Meier survival rate, with the endpoint being revision surgery for pain, non-union, dislocation, or implant breakage, at 10 years was 80.0% (95% confidence interval: 62.6−97.4%).Conclusions: Greater trochanteric fixation using a trochanteric claw plate yielded successful results.
Mowing inhibits the invasion of the alien species Solidago altissima and is an effective management strategy
Authors: Rim Hojun , Lee Minhyun , Kim Minji , Song Uhram 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Biological invasions of exotic plant species affect nutrient cycling, soil characteristics, ecosystem stability, and Biodiversity. Therefore, management measures to protect the ecosystem and native species against invasive species are becoming more important. The tall goldenrod, Solidago altissima L., is an invasive alien plant with currently limited distribution on the Jeju island, while successfully invaded areas with similar climates in China and Japan. Therefore, it has a high possibility of invasion and may have an adverse effect on the ecosystem of Jeju Island. The aim of this study was to develop an environmentally friendly management strategy to control S. altissima with understanding of the major factor that makes difference of invasion success between Japan and Jeju island. Plant communities are monitored and allelopathic effects of S. altissima are tested.. Furthermore, the effectiveness of mowing at varying frequencies and timing for the control of S. altissima were applied. S. altissima already dominates several plant communities on Jeju Island, harms the plant community via allelopathy, and reduces biodiversity. However, our study shows that mowing is an effective method to control S. altissima populations. Mowing inhibits early invasion of S. altissima and also reduces dominance and reproductive features of S. altissima where invasion has already processed. Therefore, mowing should be adopted for the management of S. altissima invasion. Mowing is an environmentally friendly management method for the control of S. altissima and could be applied to other invasive species.