bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the suitable cultivation areas for Fibraurea tinctoria in Vietnam using the Maxent and spatial autoregressive model (SAR)
Authors: Truong Tuyet T.A. , Nguyen Cuong Dang , Dagamac Nikki Heherson A. , Vu Thong Van , Hosaka Tetsuro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cultivating medical plants is an efficient conservation strategy to reduce stress from the loss of wild populations and meet the increasing demand for plant-based medicine. Identifying cultivation areas for the medicinal plant should consider the suitable environmental conditions for both plant growth and the accumulation of bioactive constituents. Fibraurea tinctoria Lour., a perennial woody climber, is widely used as a traditional medicine in Southeast Asia. However, due to overexploitation, the species has been suffering a rapid population decline in Vietnam. To promote better conservation and cultivation of F.tinctoria, the paper predicted potentially suitable cultivation areas using the Maxent model and built a spatial autoregressive model to identify the correlation between environmental factors and the active ingredient content in F. tinctoria. The results showed that F. tinctoria has a wide distribution range from the north to the south of Vietnam, excluding the Mekong, Red River Delta, and Central Highland. The precipitation in the driest season, soil types, and broadleaf cover highly influence the species’ distribution. Although altitude does not contribute much to the distribution, it highly correlates to the palmatine content. The mean diurnal range (bio2), isothermality (bio3), and precipitation seasonality also influence the palmatine content. The northwest region of Vietnam is the most suitable cultivated area with the highest palmatine. The study provides helpful information for the government and pharmaceutical companies to identify suitable areas for the growth of species and ensure the quality of chemical content; thereby human and material resources in developing medicinal cultivation areas in Vietnam will be prioritized allocated appropriately.
Variance analysis on Physical Properties of 100% Cotton 1/1 Plain Woven Fabrics.
Authors: Ahmed Shaharia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the physical attributes of three distinct types of 100% cotton 1/1 plain woven fabrics. Fabrics such as canvas, poplin, and voile were considered. These textiles have a 60-inch width in common. Tear strength, tensile strength, weight (g/m2), cover factor, shrinkage, and air permeability, as well as Martindale pilling resistance and Ultra-Violet Transmission rate, were all investigated. The experiments are performing through the ASTM & AATCC Standards evaluate procedure, which is mentioned further down in this document. In comparison to poplin and voile, canvas cloth has superior weight and strength qualities and air transmission rate. The shrinkage values & ultra-violet factors of voile fabrics higher than the other two textiles. The air permeability of canvas fabrics is higher. The research is based on exercise, and the findings favor to the textile experts. Researchers will be able to pursue this field further because of this exploration.
The Relationship Between Abdominal Muscle Thickness and Lumbopelvic Pain During Pregnancy: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kawabe Rika , Morino Saori , Ishihara Mika , Shimoura Kanako , Yamasiro Chiaki , Negoro Kaho , Chen Chang Yu , Koshi Masumi , Kato Naoko , Hatanaka Hiroko , Umezaki Fumiko , Yamashita Mamoru , Aoyama Tomoki , Nagai-Tanima Momoko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lumbopelvic pain (LPP) is a very common cause of discomfort during pregnancy, but its etiology remains unclear. The association between abdominal muscle thickness and LPP in pregnant women has not been studied extensively, despite the significant abdominal changes that occur during pregnancy. This study aimed to examine the relationship between abdominal muscle thickness and LPP during pregnancy. METHODS: In this study, 49 pregnant women in their second trimester participated. The intensity of LPP was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure the thickness of abdominal muscles, including the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. Participants were classified into two groups, the LPP group and non-LPP group, and the abdominal muscle thickness was compared between the two groups. The statistical significance level was set at p<0.05.RESULTS: There were 24 and 25 participants in the LPP and non-LPP groups, respectively. Internal oblique (IO) thickness was significantly thinner in the LPP group than in the non-LPP group (5.4±0.2 mm vs. 6.1±0.2 mm; p=0.042). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IO thickness was significantly associated with LPP (odds ratio, 0.516; 95% confidence interval, 0.284-0.935; p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that LPP in second trimester pregnancy might be related to IO thickness. Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand the role of this muscle as an LPP risk factor for pregnant women.
Translational Design for Limited Resource Settings as Demonstrated by Vent-Lock, A 3D-Printed Ventilator Multiplexer
Authors: Xun Helen , Shallal Christopher , Unger Justin , Tao Runhan , Torres Alberto , Vladimirov Michael , Frye Jenna , Singhala Mohit , Horne Brockett , Kim Bo Soo , Montana Michael , Talcott Michael , Frisella Margaret , Kushner Bradley , Sacks Justin M. , Guest James K. , Kang Sung Hoon , Caffrey Julie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: We utilized 3D printing (3DP) technology to rapidly prototype and test critical components for a novel ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, to split one ventilator or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, a novel 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), using the 3DP manometer adaptor to monitor pressures. We tested the ventilator splitter circuit in simulation centers between artificial lungs and used an anesthesia gas machine to successfully ventilate two swine. Results: As one of the first studies to demonstrate splitting one anesthesia gas machine between two swine, we present proof-of-concept of a de novo, closed, multiplexing system, with flow restriction for potential individualized patient therapy. Conclusions: While possible, due to the complexity, need for experienced operators, and associated risks, ventilator multiplexing should only be reserved for urgent situations with no other alternatives. Our report underscores the initial design and engineering considerations required for rapid medical device prototyping via 3D printing in limited resource environments, including considerations for design, material selection and minimization, production, and distribution. We note that optimization of engineering may minimize 3D printing production risks but may not address the inherent risks of the device or change its indications. Thus, our case report provides insights to inform future rapid prototyping of medical devices.Trial Registration: n/a
PTH (1-34) enhances the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines expression on OA chondrocyte repair in vitro
Authors: Shao Li-tao , Qiu Jie-hong , Deng David Y.B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Association of Interleukin-10 -592C/A Polymorphism and Cervical Cancer Risk: a Meta- Analysis
Authors: Diakite Brehima , Kassogue Yaya , Maiga Mamoudou , Dolo Guimogo , Kassogue Oumar , Musa Jonah , Morhason-Bello Imran , Traore Ban , Traore Cheick Bougari , Kamate Bakarou , Coulibaly Aissata , Nadifi Sellama , Murphy Robert , Holl Jane L , Hou Lifang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The literature review showed some discrepancies regarding the association of -592C/A with the risk of cervical cancer. To allow more precise analysis of the data by increasing the number of cases studied and more acceptable generalization by considering results from different sources, the present meta-analysis was performed on available published studies that explored the relationship between SNP − 592C/A of the IL-10 gene and the risk of cervical cancer.
Methods
Eleven available studies, including 4187 cases and 3311 controls were included in this study investigating the relationship between the − 592C/A polymorphism of IL-10 and cervical cancer risk. Fixed-effects or random-effects models were performed by pooled odds ratios (ORs). Heterogeneity and bias tests were performed by the inconsistency test and funnel plot, respectively.
Results
The overall analysis showed an increased susceptibility to cervical cancer with the − 592C/A polymorphism of the IL-10 gene for the recessive model (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.14–1.49), dominant (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.09–1.70) and additive (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.09–1.44). Regarding ethnicity, a significant association of the − 592C/A polymorphism of the IL-10 gene was linked to an elevated risk of cervical cancer for all genetic models (recessive model, dominant and additive) in the Caucasian and Asian population with P < 0.05.
Conclusions
-592C/A polymorphism of IL-10 gene may be considered a risk factor for cervical cancer.
Insertion of transposable elements in AVR-Pib of Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Li Jinbin , Lu Lin , Li Cheng-Yun , Wang Qun , Shi Zhu-Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Rice blast is a very serious disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. The avirulence (AVR) genes of rice blast are perceived by the corresponding rice-blast resistance (R) genes and prompt specific resistance. A mutantion in AVR is a major force for new virulence. Exploring mutations in AVR among M. oryzae isolates from rice-production fields could aid assessment of the efficacy and durability of R genes. We studied the probable molecular-evolutionary patterns of AVR-Pib alleles by assaying their DNA-sequence diversification and examining their avirulence to the corresponding Pib resistance gene under natural conditions in China.Results: PCRs detected results from M. oryzae genomic DNA revealed that 162 out of 366 isolates collected from Yunnan Province contained AVR-Pib alleles. Among them, 36.1–73.3% isolates from six different rice-production areas of Yunnan contained AVR-Pib alleles. Furthermore, 36 (28.6%) out of 126 isolates had a transposable element (TE) insertion in AVR-Pib, which resulted in altered virulence. The TE insertion was identified in isolates from rice rather than from Musa nana Lour. Twelve AVR-Pib haplotypes encoding three novel AVR-Pib variants were identified among the remaining 90 isolates. AVR-Pib alleles evolved to virulent forms from avirulent forms by base substitution and TE insertion of Pot2 and Pot3 in the 5′ untranslated region of AVR-Pib. Conclusions: Our results revealed that AVR-Pib alleles suffered neutral evolution and divergences that led to overcome specific resistant Pib alleles under field conditions. The TE insertion in AVR-Pib was selected and adapted to rice and other Gramineae species.
Improving RED algorithm congestion control by using the Markov Decision Process
Authors: Mahawish Amar A. , Hassan Hassan J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Congestion control plays an essential role on the internet to manage overload, which affects data transmission performance. The random early detection (RED) algorithm belongs to active queue management (AQM), which is used to manage internet traffic. The RED is used to eliminate weakness in default control of the transport control protocol (TCP) drop-tail mechanism. The drawback of RED is parameter tuning, while adaptive RED (ARED) automatically adjusts these parameters. In this study, the suggested algorithm, the Markov decision process RED (MDPRED) uses the Markov decision process (MDP) to suitably adapt values for queue weight in the RED algorithm based on average queue length to enhance the performance of the traditional RED. This study is conducted based on fluctuations among the rate of service, the queuing weight, and the mean queue length by using open-source network simulator NS3. The study shows efficient results by fluctuating end-to-end packet throughput and fast response to the inception of congestion in the network. The modified algorithm achieves a low level of loss packets by evaluating the results with the default RED algorithm and ARED, which is done by increasing the algorithm’s response when the average queue size becomes close to the maximum queue length threshold.
Assessment on coal mining land subsidence by using an innovative comprehensive weighted cloud model combination PSR conceptual model
Authors: Xu Chun , Zhou Keping , Xiong Xin , Gao Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The research on land subsidence (LS) is a global topic. In recent years, the environmental problems caused by coal mining have received great attention. In particular, mining land subsidence (MLS) caused damage to villages, buildings, farmland, etc, which seriously threatened the living environment and ecological environment of the mining area. To reasonably evaluate mining land subsidence (MLS) of coal mine, based on characteristics of strata movement in coal mining, this study put forward PSR (Pressure-State-Response) concept model based on MLS to build an evaluation index system of MLS in coal mine. Based on this index system, in view of the uncertainty in the evaluation process, the cloud model is used to represent the index weight and comprehensive evaluation calculations, which fully consider the randomness and ambiguity in the evaluation process. MLS of several important mining areas in China were evaluated and were classified as three grades (Slight-Medium-Strong). The cloud model assessment results are compared with the result of the probability integration method and the actual situation. The assessment results of the cloud model are closer to the actual situation than the probability integration method. It shows that the established MLS evaluation method based on cloud model in this study is reasonable and feasible. The Mining width and height ratio, depth and height ratio and coal seam dip angle are important factors affecting MLS. Therefore, improving the mining method to deal with the goaf reasonably, optimizing the mining design to control the influence range of mining are important measures to reduce the MLS and protect the ecological environment of mining areas.
Respect for Life from the Point of View of Naturalness
Authors: Baďurová Barbora 
Published: March 2022

In daily debates, people often use the words “natural” and “naturalness”, and the meaning is often regarded as unproblematic. However, as the author points out, this can lead to misunderstanding in discussions, especially those regarding ethical matters. This paper relies mostly on philosophical methods of conceptual analysis and synthesis. The purpose of this study is to find answers to the question - Is respect for life natural and if so, in what sense? An analysis of several concepts of naturalness is presented, and later, applied to the concept of respect for life in environmental ethics for the purpose of synthesis. By analysing the concept of naturalness, the author is inspired, mostly by the investigations made by M. Sagoff and by H. Siipi. Regarding the findings, the author concludes that some senses of naturalness are not appropriate for the ethics of respect for life, because they are, for instance, not specific enough and ethically irrelevant in this context, while others may be useful in argumentation for respecting non-human living beings. The author claims that the most suitable sense seems to be the sense of naturalness in accordance with Aristotelian telos, although also modified for the sake of non-anthropocentric environmental ethics. Even though several authors dealt with the concept of respect for life and the concept of naturalness, this contribution enriches the discussion in the environmental ethics as it seeks answers to a question - if the respect for life is natural, in what sense of naturalness is it? The philosophical methods of asking related questions, and conceptual analysis of the term “naturalness”, as well as seeking its application and synthesis, can also be applied in schools when promoting the critical and philosophical thinking of students, who can, at once, become citizens dealing responsibly with ecological crisis and environmental problems.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors [VEGFR] as Target in
Breast Cancer Treatment: Current Status in Preclinical and Clinical
Studies and Future Directions
Authors: Malekan Mohammad , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Breast cancer [BC] is one of the most common cancers among women, one of the leading causes of a considerable number of cancer-related death globally. Among all procedures leading to the formation of breast tumors, angiogenesis has an important role in cancer progression and out-comes. Therefore, various anti-angiogenic strategies have been developed so far to enhance treat-ment's efficacy in different types of BC. Vascular endothelial growth factors [VEGFs] and their re-ceptors are regarded as the most well-known regulators of neovascularization. VEGF binding to vas-cular endothelial growth factor receptors [VEGFRs] provides cell proliferation and vascular tissue formation by the subsequent tyrosine kinase pathway. VEGF/VEGFR axis displays an attractive tar-get for anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer drug design. This review aims to describe the existing litera-ture regarding VEGFR inhibitors, focusing on BC treatment reported in the last two decades.
The Importance of Nutrition and a Balanced Diet in the Elderly during the
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Esgin Özge , Erten Tayyibe 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Age is an important risk factor for the mortality rate in the COVID-19
disease, and mostly, hospitalised patients over 60 years with chronic diseases are at high risk of
death due to this disease. Along with preventive measures, proper nutrient intake might be helpful
in maintaining a healthy state or reduce the severity of the COVID-19 disease in the elderly.

Methods:
The search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar and Web
of Science using the following terms: COVID-19, coronavirus, elderly, elderly nutrition.

Results:
The requirement for some macro and micronutrients, especially the nutrients that support
the immune activity, increases in this disease. During the pandemic, the daily energy requirement
for the elderly is 27-30 kcal/kg, while the protein intake is at least 1g/kg, and the ratio of fat and
carbohydrate is 30:70 or less than 50:50. The daily intake of vitamin A, B6, B12, C, D, zinc and
selenium can also be increased due to their supporting function in the immune system. Probiotics
include Bifidobacterium longum MM-2, Lactobacillus plantarum 06CC2, Lactobacillus bulgaricus
OLL1073R-1 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus M21, and the consumption of prebiotics in diet enhances
the immune function. Additionally, flavonoids, such as baicalin, epigallocatechin gallate,
gallocatechin gallate, kaempferol, luteolin, resveratrol and quercetin, improve immunity by reducing
oxidative stress in the elderly.

Conclusion:
Adequate and balanced nutrition diet should be applied during the pandemic; in addition
to this, micronutrient deficiencies should also be overcome in the elderly at every stage of life.
A Cross-Sectional Online Survey on Knowledge, Awareness, and Perceptions of Hollywood Smile Among the Saudi Arabia Population
Authors: Alsurayyi Mohammed Abdulrahman , Almutairi Wafi , Binsaeed Abdulrahman Ismail , Aldhuwayhi Sami , Shaikh Saquib Ahmed , Mustafa Mohammed Ziauddeen 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Hollywood smile has gained popularity in recent times to improve aesthetics among the general population. Since patients’ perceptions of dental aesthetics play a vital role in planning and evaluating cosmetic dental treatment, it is essential to understand their knowledge, awareness, and factors that influence their perceptions of dental aesthetics.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of Hollywood smile among the general population in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A close-ended questionnaire consisting of demographic information and 20 questions related to Hollywood smile was circulated through social media in Saudi Arabia. Statistical analyses of the data obtained were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS version 17, USA). Frequencies, percentages, and mean and standard deviation were calculated using descriptive statistics. Pearson chi-squared test was employed to test the association between the demographic variables, such as age, gender, and education levels, with the questionnaire items.

Results:
A total of 4104 participants responded to the study questionnaire. The responses to the questionnaire revealed that nearly half of the participants were not satisfied with their dental appearance (48.6%). The majority of the participants had heard or known about Hollywood smile (98%). About 42% of study participants were aware of the complications involved in the procedure. The results revealed that the younger generation (18 to 30 years) had more awareness and felt more need for dental aesthetics (p=0.001). The proportion of male participants who underwent Hollywood smile correction were more than females (p=0.001). Graduates showed more awareness regarding smile, dental aesthetics, and Hollywood smile than the other categories (p=0.001).

Conclusion:
This study has shown that the younger generation, female participants, and graduates had more awareness regarding smile, dental aesthetics, and Hollywood smile.
Conjunctival Balloon Cell Nevus in a Young Child: A Case Report
Authors: Tulvatana Wasee , Sanpavat Anapat , Rojanaporn Duangnate , Noppakun Nopadon 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Conjunctival balloon cell nevus is rare and often presents in young adults to middle-aged patients with a longstanding history of melanocytic lesion, suggestive of benign pathology. The main treatment modality is excisional biopsy. Tumor recurrence is very rare. Malignant transformation has never been reported.

Objective:
This study aimed to report a case of conjunctival balloon cell nevus with an atypical presentation in a preschooler.

Methods:
We describe a case of a 5-year-and-9-month-old girl who presented with a rapidly growing melanocytic conjunctival mass, which she had since birth. Ophthalmic examination showed two prominent feeder vessels, and the lesion straddled the limbus to overlie the peripheral part of the cornea. These findings raised an index of suspicion of malignant transformation. The lesion was completely excised with a 2-mm resection margin, superficial keratectomy, ethyl alcohol epitheliectomy, and cryotherapy.

Results and Discussion:
The histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study showed a compound conjunctival nevus of the conjunctiva with most of the cells as balloon cell type. There were no malignant changes found. Moreover, there were no signs of tumor recurrence at the last follow-up of 6 months.

Conclusion:
Clinically malignant characteristics have never been reported in balloon cell nevi in a preschooler of this age. Thorough physical examination, well-planned surgical procedure, and careful pathological examination all play vital roles in the management of patients with these lesions.