bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MO353: Extracorporeal Blood Purification of Complications After Aortic Valve Replacement. Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Compared With Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Kuanyshbek Aidyn , Bekishev Bolat , LI Tatyana , Jabayeva Nilufar , Vahrushev Ivan , Makhmutov Myrzabek , Tulegenov Shaimurat , Zagrebelnyy Alexandr 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Complications after cardiac surgery have serious negative consequences, prolonging the average ICU stay days and costs. Prevention and treatment of complications after aortic valve replacement is a serious problem. According to numerous authors, the incidence of complications after aortic valve replacement varies from 10 to &gt;60% of cases. Development of complications is associated with a higher hospital mortality rate, the risk of infection and a more complex course of the disease.
Advances in cardiac surgery have led to a reduction in the overall mortality associated with open-heart surgery; however, it can still exceed 40% among those patients who develop a postoperative complication and can reach 50% in patients requiring extracorporeal blood purification therapy. Impaired renal function or active infectious process has significant prognostic consequences, which are the cause of up to 40% of deaths.
The aim of this work is to structure or compare complications in immediate postoperative period after aortic valve replacement by the surgical and transcatheter method.

METHOD
Retrospective analysis of 267 medical records. All patients in study were after aortic valve replacement, hospitalized in JSC NSCC Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, from 1 January 2020 to 31 October 2021. A total of 127 patients SAVR, 137 patients TAVR. Of those, 3 patients were excluded from the study due to chronic haemodialysis.
Inclusion criteria: informed consent to participate in research. Age is&gt;18 years old. Prosthetics of the aortic valve by the SAVR or TAVR methods. Treatment of postoperative complications by the extracorporeal blood purification methods.
Exclusion criteria: refusal to participate in research. Age is &lt;18 years old. Chronic dialysis. Active bleeding.
The patients were divided into two groups: group 1—patients after aortic valve replacement by the TAVR method and group 2—patients after open surgery aortic valve—SAVR.
Indications for extracorporeal blood purification methods: acute kidney injury (AKI), acute liver injury, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cytokine storm.

RESULTS
Period from 2020 to 2021.
TAVR group—137 patients, male―65 (47.45%), female—72 (52.55%), the average age of patients was 69.2±11.16 years.
In the SAVR group, there were 127 patients, of which male 43 (33.9%) and female 84 (66.1%), the average age was 47.04 ± 13.67 years.

CONCLUSION
Complications and mortality rate are more common after open surgery SAVR than after TAVR. Extracorporeal blood purification methods are required after an open valve replacement. Extracorporeal blood purification methods are an effective way to treat complications such as AKI and SIRS after aortic valve replacement.
MO355: Recovering From a Renal Vascular Catastrophe
Authors: Francisco Diogo , Pimenta Gonçalo , Cristina Martins Ana , Ávila Gonçalo , Laranjinha Ivo , Gil Célia , Gonçalves Margarida , Ormonde Carolina , Estibeiro Hermínia , Póvoa Pedro , Gaspar Augusta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Bilateral acute renal artery thrombosis (BARAT) is a rare and catastrophic condition. This diagnosis is often delayed or unrecognized and the true incidence may be underestimated. To the best of our knowledge, only three cases are reported in literature—all treated conservatively. We present two cases of BARAT who recovered kidney function under conservative approach.

METHOD
Data was obtained from the electronical medical record.
RESULTS: Case 1:A 73-year-old male with no history of cardiac disease, hypertension or recent trauma was admitted with right flank pain and vomiting. He had severe hypertension (204/103 mmHg), anuria with acute kidney injury (AKI) and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). He started haemodialysis on admission. Renal computerized tomography (CT) angiogram showed bilateral arterial thrombosis—left renal artery was totally occluded and partial occlusion of the right renal artery with slight enhancement of the corresponding kidney (Fig. 1).
Vascular surgery posed no surgical indication and systemic anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was started. A thorough screening for occult neoplasm and hypercoagulable state causes was negative.
He was independent from dialysis 54 days after. Currently (6 months after), he is on stage 3b chronic kidney disease (CKD) with a serum creatinine (sCr) 2.19 mg/dL.
Case 2: A 65-year-old female was admitted with dyspnea associated with right lumbar pain, severe hypertension (230/140 mmHg), peripheral edema and pulmonary congestion. Her prior history included heavy smoking and atherosclerotic artery disease with placement of aortoiliac stent 20 years before. She had no history of atrial fibrillation.
She was admitted with de novo cardiac insufficiency with a mild reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction. After admission, she developed anuric AKI with refractory fluid overload and started dialysis.
CT angiogram showed a large aortic thrombus that occluded both renal arteries. The right principal renal artery was occluded but the kidney had partial reperfusion from an accessory artery (Fig. 2). The left renal artery was totally occluded. Vascular surgery posed no surgical indication and the patient started LMWH.
She was independent from haemodialysis 30 days after. She has currently a stage 4 CKD with sCr 3.2 mg/dL.

CONCLUSION
There are currently no guidelines on both the acute and long-term management of BARAT. The few reported cases of BARAT were all treated conservatively with systemic anticoagulation and had late but consistent kidney function recovery. This suggests that renal parenchyma could still be viable after BARAT. Could early revascularization therapies accelerate recovery and minimize irreversible damage?
In both cases, a cause was not found. Much is still unknown about the pathophysiology, and further research is warranted.
MO358: Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury Incidence in Patients After Left Ventricle Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Bekishev Bolat , Jabayeva Nilufar , Novikova Svetlana , Kuanyshbek Aidyn , LI Tatyana , Kaliyev Rymbay , Nurmykhametova Zhuldyz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Chronic heart failure (CHF) in the terminal stage is a crucial issue of medicine. Heart transplantation is still the best treatment option. Lack of donors, long waiting time make heart transplantation almost impossible. Implantation of left ventricular assist device—LVAD) in patients with CHF is a bridge to transplantation. Nevertheless, the LVAD implantation procedure is time-consuming, requires significant material costs, and leads to numerous complications in the postoperative period. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and dangerous complications. Issues of AKI in patients with LVAD should be carefully taught.
The aim of the study is to examine the incidence of postoperative renal failure after the implantation of LVAD and its relationship to outcomes. In addition, we want to share with our experience of AKI management in patients with LVAD.

METHOD
A retrospective analysis of 265 medical records of patients after surgical implantation of LVAD who were hospitalized to the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Nur-Sultan city, Kazakhstan. Period of hospitalization from 01.2015 to 10.2021 year. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria were used to define AKI.

RESULTS
Total number of patients 265 after LVAD implantation. Male—85.66% and female—14.34%. Mean ICU stay of patient without severe AKI—7.17±5.47 days. Mean ICU stay of patient with severe AKI—11.82±7.47 days.
Patients with severe AKI and blood purification—59 patients (24.9%), male—61–92.4%, femal—-5–7.6%.
Total number of LVAD patients—265.
ICU Mortality rate of patients after LVAD implantation—11 patients (4.15%).
Severe AKI—59 patients (22.3%).
Recovery of AKI—47 patients (79.66%).
Transformation to terminal stage of chronic renal disease (CRD) with chronic dialysis—1 patient (1.69%).
ICU Mortality rate of patients with severe AKI—11 (18.64%).

CONCLUSION
AKI is a common complication in the immediate postoperative period after LVAD implantation. AKI negatively affects the outcome of the disease. The mortality rate of LVAD patients with renal insufficiency exceeds by 14% the mortality of patients with renal insufficiency.
Blood purification is the effective method of severe AKI therapy.
MO359: Acute Renal Failure in Covid-19 Patients in a Latin American Health Institution
Authors: Dulcey Luis , Theran Juan , Gonzalez Hernando , Quintero Aldahir , Aguas Melissa , Parales Rafael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Acute renal failure in hospitalized patients for COVID-19 occurs in 3%–28% and is a poor prognostic factor. The mechanisms of renal involvement are not completely clarified. However, it has been evaluated that the presentation of renal failure increases adverse outcomes.

METHOD
Prospective observational study of all the cases that were admitted for COVID-19 between January and December 2021. Clinical and analytical data of kidney complications in patients with COVID-19 were collected.

RESULTS
A total of 306 patients with a mean age of 70.2 years, 75.1% men and with previous chronic kidney disease in 29.7% were analyzed. A total of 50.8% had severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome and 22.9% required admission to the ICU. Proteinuria was registered in 77.6% and hematuria in 67.6%. A total of 20.9% of the patients required renal replacement therapy. Renal failure was of prerenal etiology in 59.2%, acute tubular necrosis in the context of sepsis in 23.5%, glomerular in 8.1% and due to tubular toxicity in 9.2%. The median stay was 15 days, and 31.7% died. Patients who developed kidney failure during admission had higher C-reactive protein, LDH, and D-dimer values, more severe lung involvement, more need for ICU admission, and greater need for renal replacement therapy.

CONCLUSION
Hypovolemia and dehydration are common causes of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients. Those who develop renal complications have a worse pulmonary, renal and systemic prognosis profile. We point out that monitoring an individualized management of blood volume can be decisive in preventing worse outcomes.
Characterization of Salivary Progesterone in Female Smokers
Authors: Baker Nathaniel L , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Gray Kevin M , Carpenter Matthew J , McClure Erin A , Tomko Rachel L , Saladin Michael E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Fluctuations in ovarian hormones have been associated with changes in cigarette smoking behavior, which can be measured through both serum or less invasive salivary procedures. The primary aim of this exploratory study is to characterize the progesterone profiles of salivary progesterone measurements and to compare that with the profiles estimated from a previously measured serum sample.

Aims and Methods
Nontreatment-seeking, cigarette smoking women (n = 82; ages 18–45 years) provided daily salivary hormone samples every morning for 14 consecutive days. Time-dependent random effects functions were used to approximate daily salivary progesterone (ng/mL) levels over the course of a standardized menstrual cycle. Serum measures of progesterone from a previous study of female cigarette smokers were examined for consistency with established profiles and compared with the salivary profile using the same methodology.

Results
The salivary model fit exhibits relative stability during the follicular phase and a clear unimodal peak during the luteal phase. Parameter estimates from the non-linear function show correspondence to serum data. Although the profiles estimated from salivary and serum data agree in functional form, we observed larger between-subject heterogeneity both in the follicular level and the peak luteal level in salivary measures.

Conclusions
The pattern of salivary and serum progesterone measured across the menstrual cycle is similar in form, which is noteworthy given that the saliva and serum samples were drawn from independent sample of female smokers. Inter- and intra-individual variation in salivary measures may be greater than in serum measures.

Implications
Measuring progesterone level variation across the menstrual cycle via saliva samples has several benefits relative to serum sampling methods in that they are easily obtained, noninvasive, and low-cost. Inter- and intra-individual variation in measurements may be greater than those in serum measurements. However, the functional form of the salivary progesterone profile is isomorphic to serum progesterone.
Initial Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viral Load Is Associated With Disease Severity: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Souverein Dennis , van Stralen Karlijn , van Lelyveld Steven , van Gemeren Claudia , Haverkort Milly , Snijders Dominic , Soetekouw Robin , Kapteijns Erik , de Jong Evelien , Hermanides Gonneke , Aronson Sem , Herpers Bjorn , den Boer Jeroen , Wagemakers Alex , Euser Sjoerd 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
We assessed the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality.

Methods
All SARS-CoV-2–positive persons with a combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab that was collected between 17 March 2020 and 31 March 2021 in public health testing facilities were included.

Results
From 20 207 SARS-CoV-2–positive persons, 310 (1.5%) were hospitalized within 30 days. High viral loads (crossing point [Cp] &lt;25) were associated with an increased risk of hospitalization as compared to low viral loads (Cp &gt;30), adjusted for age and sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.57 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.11–2.26]). The same association was seen for ICU admission (aOR, 7.06 [95% CI, 2.15–43.57]). The median [interquartile range] Cp value of the 17 patients who died in hospital was significantly lower compared to the 226 survivors (22.7 [3.4] vs 25.0 [5.2]).

Conclusions
Higher initial SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with an increased risk of hospital admission, ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality. Our findings emphasize the added value of reporting SARS-CoV-2 viral load or cycle threshold/Cp values to identify persons who are at the highest risk of adverse outcomes such as hospital or ICU admission and who therefore may benefit from more intensive monitoring or early initiation of antiviral therapy.
Non-autonomous regulation of neurogenesis by extrinsic cues: aDrosophilaperspective
Authors: Nguyen Phuong-Khanh , Cheng Louise Y 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe formation of a functional circuitry in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the correct number and subtypes of neural cells. In the developing brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) self-renew while giving rise to progenitors that in turn generate differentiated progeny. As such, the size and the diversity of cells that make up the functional CNS depend on the proliferative properties of NSCs. In the fruit fly Drosophila, where the process of neurogenesis has been extensively investigated, extrinsic factors such as the microenvironment of NSCs, nutrients, oxygen levels and systemic signals have been identified as regulators of NSC proliferation. Here, we review decades of work that explores how extrinsic signals non-autonomously regulate key NSC characteristics such as quiescence, proliferation and termination in the fly.
COVID-19 and the importance of effective risk communication with children
Authors: Abrams Elissa M , Shaker Marcus , Greenhawt Matthew 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
During the current COVID-19 pandemic, effective risk communication is essential to mitigate the mental health impact on children and their families. Effective risk communication involves being honest but yet reassuring, framing issues in an actionable way, and modeling realistically reassuring communication among adults. Health care providers may discuss with families principles of modeling good media consumption habits to mitigate misinformation on social media. In addition, health numeracy and health literacy need to be integrated into proper risk communication.
Les effets de la COVID-19 sur les intoxications à l’urgence pédiatrique
Authors: Zhang Evangeline W J , Davis Adrienne , Finkelstein Yaron , Rosenfield Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Résumé

Objectifs
Cette étude avait pour but de décrire l’impact de la pandémie sur les intoxications chez les enfants de moins de 18 ans s’étant présentés à un service d’urgence tertiaire pédiatrique du Canada.

Méthodologie
Nous avons utilisé les données de surveillance du Système canadien hospitalier d’information et de recherche en prévention des traumatismes (SCHIRPT) pour identifier les enfants s’étant présentés à l’Hospital for Sick Children pour intoxication durant deux périodes: avant la pandémie (du 11 mars au 31 décembre 2018 et 2019) et durant la pandémie (du 11 mars au 31 décembre 2020). Les principaux paramètres d’évaluation étaient la variation par rapport au total des visites à l’urgence de la proportion des intoxications totales, des intoxications accidentelles, de l’usage de drogues récréatives et d’automutilation intentionnelle. Nous avons également examiné la variation entre avant et durant la pandémie de la proportion d’intoxications en fonction de l’âge, du sexe, du type de drogues et des exigences d’admission.

Résultats
La proportion par rapport au total des visites à l’urgence s’est significativement accrue pour ce qui est des intoxications totales (122,5 %), des intoxications accidentelles (127,8 %), de l’usage de drogues récréatives (160 %) et des intoxications intentionnelles (automutilation; 104,2 %). La proportion de tous les cas d’intoxication s’est aussi significativement accrue durant la pandémie pour ce qui est du cannabis (44,3 %), du vapotage (134,6 %), des autres drogues récréatives (54,5 %), de l’usage de plusieurs drogues (29,3 %) et des admissions pour intoxication (44,3 %).

Conclusion
Malgré une baisse généralisée des visites à l’urgence durant la pandémie, il y a eu une augmentation significative par rapport à avant la pandémie des présentations pour intoxication à notre salle d’urgence. Nos résultats permettront de mieux orienter la prestation des soins et les interventions de santé publique en matière d’intoxications pédiatriques.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the mental and physical health of children enrolled in a paediatric weight management clinic
Authors: Nsamenang Sheri Agatha , Gutierrez Carline Anne , Manayathu Jones Jane , Jenkins Glenn , Tibelius Stephanie Anne , DiGravio Anna Maria , Chamas Basma , Ewusie Joycelyne Efua , Geddie Hannah , Punthakee Zubin , Samaan M Constantine , Wahi Gita , Morrison Katherine M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a global public health concern. Given the widespread disruption caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it is important to evaluate its impact on children with chronic health conditions. This study examines the health of paediatric patients with obesity enrolled in a tertiary hospital weight management program, before and 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This is a retrospective chart review of patients aged 2 to 17 years enrolled in a paediatric weight management clinic. Mental health outcomes (i.e., new referrals to psychologist, social work, eating disorder program, incidence of dysregulated eating, suicidal ideation, and/or self-harm) and physical health (anthropometric measures) were compared before and 1 year into the pandemic.

Results
Among the 334 children seen in either period, there was an increase in referrals to psychologist (12.4% versus 26.5%; P=0.002) and the composite mental health outcome (17.2% versus 30.2%; P=0.005) during the pandemic compared with pre-pandemic. In a subset of children (n=30) with anthropometric measures in both periods, there was a lower rate of decline in BMIz score (–1.5 [2.00] versus –0.3 [0.73]/year; P=0.002) and an increase in adiposity (–0.8 [4.64] versus 2.7 [5.54]%/year; P=0.043) during the pandemic.

Discussion
The pandemic has impacted the mental and physical health of children with obesity engaged in a weight management clinic. While our study provides evidence of a negative impact on mental health outcomes and less improvement in anthropometric measures, future research when patients return to in-person care will enable further examination of our findings with additional objective measures.
A PLETHORA/PIN-FORMED/auxin network mediates prehaustorium formation in the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica
Authors: Xiao Ting Ting , Kirschner Gwendolyn K , Kountche Boubacar A , Jamil Muhammad , Savina Maria , Lube Vinicius , Mironova Victoria , al Babili Salim , Blilou Ikram 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The parasitic plant Striga (Striga hermonthica) invades the host root through the formation of a haustorium and has detrimental impacts on cereal crops. The haustorium results from the prehaustorium, which is derived directly from the differentiation of the Striga radicle. The molecular mechanisms leading to radicle differentiation shortly after germination remain unclear. In this study, we determined the developmental programs that regulate terminal prehaustorium formation in S. hermonthica at cellular resolution. We showed that shortly after germination, cells in the root meristem undergo multiplanar divisions. During growth, the meristematic activity declines and associates with reduced expression of the stem cell regulator PLETHORA1 and the cell cycle genes CYCLINB1 and HISTONE H4. We also observed a basal localization of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins and a decrease in auxin levels in the meristem. Using the structural layout of the root meristem and the polarity of outer-membrane PIN proteins, we constructed a mathematical model of auxin transport that explains the auxin distribution patterns observed during S. hermonthica root growth. Our results reveal a fundamental molecular and cellular framework governing the switch of S. hermonthica roots to form the invasive prehaustoria.
Synergistic antibacterial photocatalytic and photothermal properties over bowl-shaped TiO2 nanostructures on Ti-19Zr-10Nb-1Fe alloy
Authors: Wu Yan , Deng Zichao , Wang Xueying , Chen Aihua , Li Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As implant substitutes are increasingly applied to the clinic, the infection caused by implants has become one of the most common complications, and the modification of the antibacterial function of the implant can reduce such complications. In this work, a well-defined bowl-shaped nanostructure coating with photocatalytic and photothermal synergistic antibacterial properties was prepared on Ti-19Zr-10Nb-1Fe (TZNF) alloy. The coating is obtained by spin-coating and sintering TiO2 precursors templated from self-assembled microspheres of polystyrene-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-P4VP) amphiphilic block polymer on TZNF alloy. PS-P4VP provides the bowl-shaped TiO2 nanostructures doped with C, N elements, reducing the band-gap of TiO2, which can absorb near-infrared (NIR) light to release reactive oxygen species and produce photothermal conversion. The bowl structure is expected to enhance the utilization of light via the reflection in the confined space. The bowl-shaped surface has 100% antibacterial rates after 30 min of NIR light irradiation. In addition to antibacterial properties, the bowl-shaped surface has better hydrophilicity and protein adsorption capacity. The amount of protein adsorbed on TZNF with the bowl-shaped structures was six times that of TZNF. Hence, the bowl-shaped nanostructure can promote the proliferation and adhesion of osteoblasts, the cell proliferation rate was increased by 10–30%.