bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear and nonlinear optical properties of AgNPs and AgNPs/graphene composites modulated by localized surface plasmon resonance effect
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Fangfang , Li Luyao , Cao Fenglin , Zhu Baohua , Gu Yuzong 
Published: January 2022

The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties of metal particles can be affected by their surrounding media, and the LSPR properties affect the optical properties of metal particles and their composites. However, this indirect influence of the surrounding media on optical properties is often ignored. In this regard, we have synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AgNPs/graphene composites, and investigated the linear and nonlinear optical properties affected by the LSPR effect that was controlled by the surrounding media of AgNPs. The structure and morphology characterization showed that the size of AgNPs and their distribution on graphene were uniform. The distribution and enhancement of the local field around the AgNPs were studied using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The nonlinear optical properties were measured using the

Z

-scan technique. The results show that as the refractive index of the surrounding modification layer of AgNPs was adjusted from 1.4 to 2.5, the LSPR peak of AgNPs was redshifted more than 30 nm, the linear absorption of AgNPs/graphene was also slightly redshifted. Moreover, when the refractive index was increased to 1.9, the reverse saturation absorption of AgNPs and the saturation absorption of AgNPs/graphene both reached their maximum values, and then decreased. This investigation provides a different way to modulate optical properties of materials for possible applications in photonic devices via the appropriate LSPR effect controlled by the refractive index of the modification layers.
Timing jitter characterization of free-running dual-comb laser with sub-attosecond resolution using optical heterodyne detection
Authors: Camenzind S. L. , Koenen D. , Willenberg B. , Pupeikis J. , Phillips C. R. , Keller U. 
Published: January 2022

Pulse trains emitted from dual-comb systems are designed to have low relative timing jitter, making them useful for many optical measurement techniques such as optical ranging and spectroscopy. However, the characterization of low-jitter dual-comb systems is challenging because it requires measurement techniques with high sensitivity. Motivated by this challenge, we developed a technique based on an optical heterodyne detection approach for measuring the relative timing jitter of two pulse trains. The method is suitable for dual-comb systems with essentially any repetition rate difference. Furthermore, the proposed approach allows for continuous and precise tracking of the sampling rate. To demonstrate the technique, we perform a detailed characterization of a single-mode-diode pumped Yb:CaF2 dual-comb laser from a free-running polarization-multiplexed cavity. This new laser produces 115-fs pulses at 160 MHz repetition rate, with 130 mW of average power in each comb. The detection noise floor for the relative timing jitter between the two pulse trains reaches 8.0 × 10−7 fs2/Hz (∼ 896 zs/

Hz

), and the relative root mean square (rms) timing jitter is 13 fs when integrating from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. This performance indicates that the demonstrated laser is highly compatible with practical dual-comb spectroscopy, ranging, and sampling applications. Furthermore, our results show that the relative timing noise measurement technique can characterize dual-comb systems operating in free-running mode or with finite repetition rate differences while providing a sub-attosecond resolution, which was not feasible with any other approach before.
Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease of pig-hunting dogs and humans in North Queensland
Authors: Orr Bronwyn , Westman Mark E. , Malik Richard , Purdie Auriol , Craig Scott B. , Norris Jacqueline M. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution, caused by pathogenic serovars in the genus Leptospira. Feral pigs are known carriers of Leptospira species and pig hunting using dogs is a common recreational activity in Queensland, Australia.

Methodology and principal findings
This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. serovars in pig-hunting dogs above the Tropic of Capricorn in Queensland and by establishing the geographic distribution, serovars and incidence of human cases of leptospirosis in Queensland, identify potential overlap between human and canine exposure. We also explored the knowledge and risk-taking behaviours of pig-hunting dog owners towards zoonotic diseases.
Ninety-eight pig-hunting dogs deemed healthy by physical examination and owned by 41 people from Queensland had serum submitted for Microscopic Agglutination Testing (MAT) to determine antibody titres against Leptospira serovars, while 40/41 dog owners completed a survey on their knowledge of diseases relating to pig hunting. Human leptospirosis cases (n = 330) notified to Queensland Health between 2015–2018 were analysed.
Approximately one quarter (23/87; 26%) of unvaccinated pig-hunting dogs were seropositive to Leptospira spp. Although harder to interpret, 8/11 (73%) vaccinated dogs were seropositive to Leptospira spp. Pig hunters may be more likely to contract leptospirosis compared with the general Queensland population, based on responses from surveyed hunters. The highest concentration of human leptospirosis was in the wet tropics region of Far North Queensland. There was little overlap between the serovars dogs were exposed to and those infecting humans. The dominant serovar identified in unvaccinated dogs was Australis (13/23; 57%), with serovar Arborea (36/330; 10.9%) responsible for the highest number of human leptospirosis cases. Topaz was the second most common serovar in both humans and dogs and was previously unrecorded in Australian dogs. Most hunters surveyed used hand washing as a zoonotic disease risk reduction technique.

Conclusions
Leptospirosis is an emerging disease of growing significance. The infection requires a ‘one health’ approach to understand its epidemiology. With shifting climatic patterns influencing human-animal-environment interactions, ongoing monitoring of diseases like leptospirosis is critical to helping prevent infection of individuals and disease outbreaks.
Longitudinal assessment of the exposure to Ascaris lumbricoides through copromicroscopy and serology in school children from Jimma Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Dana Daniel , Roose Sara , Vlaminck Johnny , Ayana Mio , Mekonnen Zeleke , Geldhof Peter , Levecke Bruno 
Published: January 2022

Background
We previously demonstrated that serology holds promise as an alternative diagnostic tool to copromicroscopy to monitor and evaluate deworming programs targeting soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). Here we explored the dynamics of anti-Ascaris antibodies (Ab) and evaluated the Ab-isotype of choice to assess the longitudinal exposure to Ascaris in Ethiopian school children.

Methodology
Between October 2018 and February 2020, stool and blood samples were collected every four months from school children (4 to 6 years of age). Stool samples were analyzed by duplicate Kato-Katz to assess the presence and intensity of any STH infection. Plasma Ab-responses against the total extract of Ascaris suum lung third stage larvae were measured through in-house Ab-ELISA’s for seven different Ab-isotypes.

Principal findings
At baseline, 42.4% of the 66 children were excreting eggs of any STH, Trichuris (37.9%) being the most prevalent. The cumulative prevalence (proportion of children tested that positive at least once over the entire study period) was 56.1% for Trichuris and 31.8% for Ascaris. For Ascaris, re-infections were frequently observed, whereas for Trichuris, children often remained excreting eggs following drug administration. When measuring anti-Ascaris Ab-levels, the cumulative seroprevalence was generally higher (IgG4: 60.6%; IgG1: 50.0%; IgE: 36.4%). The individual anti-Ascaris IgG4 levels at baseline were positively associated with the fecal egg counts averaged over the study period, the rate of egg-appearance and the number of positive test results. There was no apparent cross-reactivity between the anti-Ascaris IgG4 Ab-ELISA and Trichuris.

Conclusions/Significance
We demonstrate that the children are exposed to STH before the age of four and that the exposure to Ascaris is underestimated when measured with copromicroscopy. Compared to other Ab-isotypes, IgG4 is the Ab-isotype of choice to measure Ascaris exposure in STH endemic settings. Finally, the results also highlight that measuring anti-Ascaris IgG4 levels holds promise as a tool to identify individuals at higher risk for continued exposure to this STH.
Evaluation of the CL Detect Rapid Test in Ethiopian patients suspected for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: van Henten Saskia , Fikre Helina , Melkamu Roma , Dessie Dilargachew , Mekonnen Tigist , Kassa Mekibib , Bogale Tadfe , Mohammed Rezika , Cnops Lieselotte , Vogt Florian , Pareyn Myrthe , van Griensven Johan 
Published: January 2022

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is common in Ethiopia, mainly affecting impoverished populations in rural areas with poor access to health care. CL is routinely diagnosed using skin slit smear microscopy, which requires skilled staff and appropriately equipped laboratories. We evaluated the CL Detect Rapid Test (InBios, Washington, USA), which is supplied with a dental broach sampling device, as a diagnostic alternative which could be used in field settings.

Methodology/Principal findings
We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the CL Detect Rapid Test on skin slit and dental broach samples from suspected CL patients at the Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center in Gondar, Ethiopia. A combined reference test of microscopy and PCR on the skin slit sample was used, which was considered positive if one of the two tests was positive. We recruited 165 patients consecutively, of which 128 (77.6%) were confirmed as CL. All microscopy-positive results (n = 71) were also PCR-positive, and 57 patients were only positive for PCR. Sensitivity of the CL Detect Rapid Test on the skin slit was 31.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 23.9–39.7), which was significantly higher (p = 0.010) than for the dental broach (22.7%, 95% CI 16.3–30.6). Sensitivity for both methods was significantly lower than for the routinely used microscopy, which had a sensitivity of 55.5% (IQR 46.8–63.8) compared to PCR as a reference.

Conclusions/Significance
The diagnostic accuracy of the CL Detect Rapid Test was low for skin slit and dental broach samples. Therefore, we do not recommend its use neither in hospital nor field settings.

Trial registration
This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03837431.
Community Radio in South Asia: Reclaiming the Airwaves, Kanchan K. Malik and Vinod Pavarala (eds) (2020)
Authors: Sahai Shrinkhla 
Published: January 2022

Review of: Community Radio in South Asia: Reclaiming the Airwaves, Kanchan K. Malik and Vinod Pavarala (eds) (2020)
New York: Routledge, 294 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-138-55853-3, h/bk, $65.42, e-book, $48.95
Effect of Different Modalities of Purgative Preparation on the Diagnostic Yield of Small Bowel Capsule for the Exploration of Suspected Small Bowel Bleeding: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rahmi Gabriel , Cholet Franck , Gaudric Marianne , Filippi Jérôme , Duburque Clotilde , Bramli Slim , Quentin Vincent , Alavi Zarrin , Nowak Emmanuel , Saurin Jean Christophe , Cellier Christophe , Quénéhervé Lucille ,   PREPINTEST working group
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The aim of our study was to compare clear liquid diet with 2 different polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based bowel preparation methods regarding diagnostic yield of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding (SBB).

METHODS:
In this prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial, consecutive patients undergoing SBCE for suspected SBB between September 2010 and February 2016 were considered. Patients were randomly assigned to standard regimen, that is, clear fluids only (prep 1), standard regimen plus 500 mL PEG after SBCE ingestion (prep 2), or standard regimen plus 2 L PEG plus 500 mL PEG after SBCE ingestion (prep 3). The primary outcome was the detection of at least one clinically significant lesion in the small bowel. The quality of small bowel cleansing was assessed. A questionnaire on the clinical tolerance was filled by the patients.

RESULTS:
We analyzed 834 patients. No significant difference was observed for detection of P1 or P2 small bowel lesions between prep1 group (40.5%), prep 2 group (40.2%), and prep 3 group (38.5%). Small bowel cleansing was improved in prep 2 and 3 groups compared with that in prep 1 group. Compliance to the preparation and tolerance was better in prep 2 group than in prep 3 group.

DISCUSSION:
Small bowel purgative before SBCE allowed better quality of cleansing. However, it did not improve diagnostic yield of SBCE for suspected SBB.
Successful Hemostasis of Bleeding From an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery-Esophageal Fistula After Stenting
Authors: DeDecker Lauren , El Hage Chehade Nabil , Sowa Piotr , Samarasena Jason , Lee John G. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a case of a 62-year-old woman with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding from an aberrant subclavian artery to an esophageal fistula after esophageal stent placement. The bleeding was successfully stopped with endoscopic hemostatic powder therapy allowing the patient to undergo definitive surgical bypass.
Impedance Planimetry for Crohn's Disease Anastomotic Stricture Characterization: A Predictor of Treatment Response?
Authors: Ismail Mohamed Saleh , Akshintala Venkata S. , Kumbhari Vivek , Selaru Florin M. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Intestinal strictures affect one-third of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) within 10 years of disease onset. Quantification of fibrosis and/or inflammation within the stricture may help in choosing the appropriate treatment. Current endoscopic imaging modalities could benefit from the transmural characterization of tissue modeling from fibrosis. We report the application of EndoFLIP during balloon dilation and stricturotomy of CD-related ileocolonic anastomotic stricture. A low EndoFLIP distensibility was noted which improved after endotherapy. This proof-of-concept application supports the use of EndoFLIP to characterize CD anastomotic stricture and real-time assessment of response to endotherapy.
A Case of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasized to the Colonic Anastomotic Site of Right Hemicolectomy
Authors: Zhang Yingtao , Dam Aamir , Nakanishi Yukihiro 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
A 73-year-old woman with a history of right hemicolectomy for advanced ascending colon cancer 14 years earlier was referred to our facility for a 2-month history of solid food dysphagia. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a 7-cm fungating and ulcerated mass in the middle to lower esophagus. The biopsy from the esophageal mass showed a moderately to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. A colonoscopy showed an end-to-end ileocolonic anastomosis with a 7-mm ulceration in the transverse colon. The biopsy of the ulceration at the anastomotic site showed a moderately to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with a morphology similar to that of the esophageal mass, rendering the diagnosis of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Colonic metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, especially at the anastomotic site, is extremely rare. Although surgical trauma may not have contributed to the anastomotic site metastasis, given the distant timeline, its role in the pathogenesis of metastasis cannot be completely ruled out.
Movimentos sociais do campo, práxis política e inclusão em educação: Perspectivas e avanços no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Dos Santos Arlete Ramos , Barbosa Lia Pinheiro 
Published: January 2022

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a concepção de Inclusão na perspectiva dos movimentos sociais do campo do Brasil. Nesse sentido, coloca em debate que esta concepção não se restringe a uma dimensão de garantia de direitos individuais, conforme o sentido atribuído pelo direito e cidadania liberais. Ao contrário, parte da premissa de que a inclusão constitui um direito coletivo e que prescinde sua articulação a um projeto político de caráter emancipatório. Com base nesse marco analítico, o artigo apresentará como se materializa uma abordagem da inclusão na práxis política dos movimentos sociais do campo, em particular, na reivindicação do direito à educação, dando conta de situar lugar de inserção dessa concepção de inclusão na disputa de políticas educativas para o campo e que tem relação com a luta em defesa da terra e da Reforma Agrária Popular. Do mesmo modo, o artigo faz também um balanço da Educação do Campo, destaca os avanços e os desafios postos a uma acepção da inclusão, permanentemente tensionada pela disputa hegemônica com o Estado capitalista.
Application of clustering algorithm to wide stellar pairs for unsupervised search of parts of disrupting clusters
Authors: Sapozhnikov Sergei , Kovaleva Dana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We introduce the application of the clustering algorithm to the preliminary compiled list of probable wide pairs of co-moving stars. The main aim of such development is a possibility of unsupervised blind search of coeval loose stellar structures over significant regions in space. Using Gaia EDR3 data, we investigated the application of the method to nearby region hosting recently discovered loose structures – tidal tails of Coma Ber star cluster and a nearby stellar group named Group X. We compare the results of straightforward clustering of stellar data with results of using our method with varying parameters. We then compare the results of our method to the recent results of the two groups of authors who independently discovered the discussed structures. We find parameters allowing the method to find the full scope of distributed stellar groups without preliminary knowledge of their characteristics. It decreases the risk of false positive clustering and improves the ability to discover loose stellar groups, in comparison with the application of clustering algorithm to the individual stars. Further we obtain a refined dataset of probable members of both stellar groups and independently obtain their ages (700 ± 70 Myr and 450 ± 100 Myr) and space velocities ((U,V,W) = (8.63 ± 0.13, 6.63 ± 0.20, 6.65 ± 0.95) km/s for Coma Ber star cluster, and (U,V,W) = (7.70 ± 0.12, 3.27 ± 0.45, 5.69 ± 0.80) km/s for Group X). Our results are in very good agreement with those of previous investigators.
A step towards optimal efficiency of HbA1c measurement as a first-line laboratory test: the TOP-HOLE (Towards OPtimal glycoHemOgLobin tEsting) project
Authors: Pasqualetti Sara , Carnevale Assunta , Dolci Alberto , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The TOP-HOLE (Towards OPtimal glycoHemOgLobin tEsting) project aimed to validate the HbA1c enzymatic method on the Abbott Alinity c platform and to implement the HbA1c testing process on the total laboratory automation (TLA) system of our institution.

Methods
Three different measuring systems were employed: Architect c4000 stand-alone (s-a), Alinity c s-a, and Alinity c TLA. Eight frozen whole blood samples, IFCC value-assigned, were used for checking trueness. A comparison study testing transferability of HbA1c results from Architect to Alinity was also performed. The alignment of Alinity TLA vs. s-a was verified and the measurement uncertainty (MU) estimated according to ISO 20914:2019. Turnaround time (TAT) and full time equivalent (FTE) were used as efficiency indicators.

Results
For HbA1c concentrations covering cut-offs adopted in clinical setting, the bias for both Architect and Alinity s-a was negligible. When compared with Architect, Alinity showed a mean positive bias of 0.54 mmol/mol, corresponding to a mean difference of 0.87%. A perfect alignment of Alinity TLA to the Alinity s-a was shown, and a MU of 1.58% was obtained, widely fulfilling the desirable 3.0% goal. After the full automation of HbA1c testing, 90% of results were released with a maximum TAT of 1 h, 0.30 FTE resource was also saved.

Conclusions
The traceability of Alinity HbA1c enzymatic assay to the IFCC reference system was correctly implemented. We successfully completed the integration of the HbA1c testing on our TLA system, without worsening the optimal analytical performance. The shift of HbA1c testing from s-a mode to TLA significantly decreased TAT.
Intelligent controller for maximum power extraction of wind generation systems using ANN
Authors: Belkhiri Driss , Elmahni Lahoussine , El Moutawakil Alaoui My Rachid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The generation of clean energy from wind has recently received huge attention. Thanks to the current advances of adaptive algorithms due to their benefits and flexibility. The paper introduces a new smart radial basis function (RBF) neural network to extract the optimal energy from wind for wind energy conversion systems. This scheme uses the electrical energy of the doubly fed induction-generator (DFIG) as an input in wind turbines drives a DFIG to acquire maximum energy from the available wind under uncertainties and fast-changing wind conditions. Thus, to prove the quality of our proposed intelligent scheme, a comparative study with conventional optimum power is applied to a wind turbine driving a class of 1.5 MW DFIG during the transient operation. Furthermore, the analysis and the interpretation of raw and processed real measured data using the process of linear interpolation through Matlab/Simulink illustrate the relevance and the performance of the sensorless controller for the overall wind turbine system. Briefly, the numerical simulation studies show that a good efficiency and improved tracking of the smart RBF-neural network controller when implemented online below the real wind speed despite the unknown parameters.