bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The locus coeruleus broadcasts prediction errors across the cortex to promote sensorimotor plasticity
Authors: Jordan Rebecca , Keller Georg B. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTPrediction errors are differences between expected and actual sensory input and are thought to be key computational signals that drive learning related plasticity. One way that prediction errors could drive learning is by activating neuromodulatory systems to gate plasticity. The catecholaminergic locus coeruleus (LC) is a major neuromodulatory system involved in neuronal plasticity in the cortex. Using two-photon calcium imaging in mice exploring a virtual environment, we found that the activity of LC axons in the cortex correlated with the magnitude of unsigned visuomotor prediction errors. LC response profiles were similar in both motor and visual cortical areas, indicating that LC axons broadcast prediction errors throughout the dorsal cortex. While imaging calcium activity in layer 2/3 of the primary visual cortex, we found that optogenetic stimulation of LC axons facilitated learning of a stimulus-specific suppression of visual responses during locomotion. This plasticity – induced by minutes of LC stimulation – recapitulated the effect of visuomotor learning on a scale that is normally observed during visuomotor development across days. We conclude that prediction errors drive LC activity, and that LC activity facilitates sensorimotor plasticity in the cortex, consistent with a role in modulating learning rates.
Vessel wall reinforcement metrics as drought resistance indicators in angiosperm fossil wood assemblages
Authors: Martínez-Cabrera Hugo I. , Estrada-Ruiz Emilio , Castañeda-Posadas Carlos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlant ecologists have developed methods to measure xylem drought resistance but these cannot be used in fossil woods. There is, however, one anatomical trait highly correlated with cavitation resistance: the squared vessel-wall thickness-to-span ratio ((t/b)2h). This metric though, could be in many cases impractical to measure in fossil samples because they often are small and sample sizes are seldom reached.Questionsare there alternative anatomical metrics that could be used instead of (t/b)2hto infer drought resistance of fossil wood assemblages?Study site and dates279 species belonging to 14 extant communities from North and South America. Three fossil wood floras from the Oligocene and Miocene of Mexico.MethodsWe calculated three alternative wall reinforcement metrics to determine their relationship with (t/b)2hand drought resistance. These are based on vessel diameter and vessel wall thickness.ResultsWe found that one of the alternative metrics ((t/b)2hydraulic mean) could potentially be used instead of (t/b)2h. The widely measured vessel wall-to-lumen ratio (VWLR), was the closest related to climate, and thus helpful in identifying broad precipitation differences among floras. VWLR and (t/b)2hmight be describing slightly different ecological axes of ecological variation, with the latter associated with investment in support tissue, in addition to water availability alone.ConclusionsSome of the alternative metrics we explored can be used, in combination with other functional traits, to better describe fossil forest functional strategies.
First superferromagnetic remanence characterization and scan optimization for super-resolution Magnetic Particle Imaging
Authors: Fung K. L. Barry , Colson Caylin , Bryan Jacob , Saayujya Chinmoy , Mokkarala-Lopez Javier , Hartley Allison , Yousuf Khadija , Kuo Renesmee , Lu Yao , Fellows Benjamin D. , Chandrasekharan Prashant , Conolly Steven M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a sensitive, high contrast tracer modality that images superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs), enabling radiation-free theranostic imaging. MPI resolution is currently limited by scanner and particle constraints. Recent tracers have experimentally shown 10x resolution and signal improvements, with dramatically sharper M-H curves. Experiments suggest that this results from interparticle interactions, conforming to literature definitions of superferromagnetism. We thus call our tracers superferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SFMIOs). While SFMIOs provide excellent signal and resolution, they exhibit hysteresis, with non-negligible remanence and coercivity. We provide the first report on MPI scanning with remanence and coercivity, including the first quantitative measurements of SFMIO remanence decay and reformation using a novel multi-echo pulse sequence. We also describe an SNR-optimized pulse sequence for SFMIOs under human electromagnetic safety limitations. The resolution from SFMIOs could enable clinical MPI with 10× reduced scanner selection fields, reducing hardware costs by up to 100×.
The chloroplast ATP synthase redox domain inChlamydomonas reinhardtiiattenuates activity regulation as requirement for heterotrophic metabolism in darkness
Authors: Lebok Lando , Buchert Felix 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo maintain CO2fixation in the Calvin Benson-Bassham cycle, multi-step regulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase (CF1Fo) is crucial to balance the ATP output of photosynthesis with protection of the apparatus. A well-studied mechanism is thiol modulation; a light/dark regulation through reversible cleavage of a disulfide in the CF1Foγ-subunit. The disulfide hampers ATP synthesis and hydrolysis reactions in dark-adapted CF1Fofrom land plants by increasing the required transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient. Here, we show inChlamydomonas reinhardtiithat algal CF1Fois differently regulated in vivo. A specific hairpin structure in the γ-subunit redox domain disconnects activity regulation from disulfide formation in the dark. Electrochromic shift measurements suggested that the hairpin kept wild type CF1Foactive whereas the enzyme was switched off in algal mutant cells expressing a plant-like hairpin structure. The hairpin segment swap resulted in an elevatedthreshold to activate plant-like CF1Fo, increased by ∼1.4 photosystem (PS) I charge separations. The resulting dark-equilibrateddropped in the mutants by ∼2.7 PSI charge separation equivalents. Photobioreactor experiments showed no phenotypes in autotrophic aerated mutant cultures. In contrast, chlorophyll fluorescence measurements under heterotrophic dark conditions point to a reduced plastoquinone pool in cells with the plant-like CF1Foas the result of bioenergetic bottlenecks. Our results suggest that the lifestyle ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiirequires a specific CF1Fodark regulation that partakes in metabolic coupling between the chloroplast and acetate-fueled mitochondria.Significance StatementThe microalgaChlamydomonas reinhardtiiexhibits a non-classical thiol modulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase for the sake of metabolic flexibility. The redox switch, although established, was functionally disconnected in vivo thanks to a hairpin segment in the γ-subunit redox domain. Dark enzymatic activity was prevented by replacing the algal hairpin segment with the one from land plants, restoring a classical thiol modulation pattern. Thereby, ATP was saved at the expense of thylakoid membrane energization levels in the dark. However, metabolism was impaired upon silencing dark ATPase activity, indicating that a functional disconnect from the redox switch represents an adaptation to different ecological niches.
Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages
Authors: Xia Hongjie , Yeung Jason , Kalveram Birte , Bills Cody J. , Chen John Yun-Chung , Kurhade Chaitanya , Zou Jing , Widen Steven G. , Mann Brian R. , Kondor Rebecca , Davis C. Todd , Zhou Bin , Wentworth David E. , Xie Xuping , Shi Pei-Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages mandates a better understanding of viral replication and cross-neutralization among these sublineages. Here we used K18-hACE2 mice and primary human airway cultures to examine the viral fitness and antigenic relationship among Omicron sublineages. In both K18-hACE2 mice and human airway cultures, Omicron sublineages exhibited a replication order of BA.5 ≥ BA.2 ≥ BA.2.12.1 > BA.1; no difference in body weight loss was observed among different sublineage-infected mice. The BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.2.12.1-, and BA.5-infected mice developed distinguisable cross-neutralizations against Omicron sublineages, but exhibited little neutralizations against the index virus (i.e., USA-WA1/2020) or the Delta variant. Surprisingly, the BA.5-infected mice developed higher neutralization activity against heterologous BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 than that against homologous BA.5; serum neutralizing titers did not always correlate with viral replication levels in infected animals. Our results revealed a distinct antigenic cartography of Omicron sublineages and support the bivalent vaccine approach.
High sensitivity intrinsic optical signal imaging through flexible, low-cost adaptations of an upright microscope
Authors: Vasquez Brenda , Campos Baruc , Cao Ashley , Theint Aye Theint , Zeiger William 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntrinsic optical signal imaging (IOSI) is a staple technique in modern neuroscience. Pioneered over thirty years ago, IOSI allows macroscopic mapping of neuronal activity throughout the cortex. The technique has been used to study sensory processing and experience-dependent plasticity, and is often used as an adjunctive procedure to localize cortical areas for subsequent targeting by other imaging or physiology techniques. Despite the ubiquity of IOSI in neuroscience there are few commercially available IOSI systems. As a result, investigators have typically resorted to building their own imaging systems. Over the years, simplified systems built on existing microscope platforms have been proposed. Still, these often require additional, sometimes costly, custom-built hardware, which presents challenges for investigators without significant experience in optics or microscopy design. Here we present a straightforward set of adaptations that can be applied to any standard upright microscope, using readily available, inexpensive, commercial parts for illumination, optics, and signal detection, that enables high sensitivity IOSI. Using these adaptations, we are able to readily map sensory-evoked signals across the somatosensory and visual cortex, including single-whisker barrel cortical activity maps in mice. We show that these IOSI maps are highly reproducible across animals and can be used to study plasticity mechanisms in the somatosensory cortex. We also provide open-source applications to control illumination and analyze raw data to generate activity maps. We anticipate these resources will be particularly useful for neuroscience investigators from broad technical backgrounds looking to add IOSI capabilities to an existing microscope on a budget.
Brand approaches to diversity: a typology and research agenda
Authors: Burgess Amelie , Wilkie Dean Charles Hugh , Dolan Rebecca 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Despite increased emphasis on diversity marketing, much remains unknown about how brands should approach diversity. This paper aims to understand what constitutes a brand’s approach to diversity (BATD), establish a categorisation of such approaches, outline the effects on audience connectedness and establish a future research agenda.

Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper draws on critical theory and practical exemplars to present a conceptualisation of BATD.

Findings
Using two determinants, depth of diversity integration and order of entry, it is possible to categorise BATD into four types: transformative, adaptive, passive and performative. Early adoption and greater depth of diversity approaches (i.e. multidimensional to an intersectional representation of identities) provide optimal opportunities for evoking connectedness.

Research limitations/implications
The conceptual typological framework for BATD helps delineate how varying levels of diversity depth and order of entry influence audience connectedness. A detailed agenda for further research can guide ongoing diversity research.

Practical implications
Creating a typology reduces complexity and helps marketers recognise the differing components, manifestations and effects of their diversity approach. To increase connectedness and reduce audience scepticism, marketers must seek deeper-level diversity integrations and adopt approaches earlier.

Originality/value
This study offers a novel conceptualisation of BATD by defining it, distinguishing it from related research themes and moving beyond single diversity dimensions and marketing mix elements. Further, audience connectedness is positioned as a critical consequence as it can instigate desirable brand outcomes, benefit those identities represented and promote a more inclusive society.
Exploring whistleblowing intentions of Indian nurses: a qualitative study
Authors: Sachdeva Shikha , Chaudhary Narendra Singh 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Whistleblowing is one of the most imperative instruments to unveil wrongdoing. The purpose of this study is to explore the whys and wherefores of undertaking the act of whistleblowing by Indian nurses. This study also delves into the reasons that would stimulate the nurses' whistleblowing intentions and, on the contrary, the reasons that would keep them silent on encountering any wrongdoing.

Design/methodology/approach
This study incorporates interpretative phenomenological analysis, a qualitative method aiming to provide a detailed examination of the personal lived experiences of the nurses. This technique helps to understand the individual perspective of nurses. It, thus, allows the researchers to generate common themes from the data giving insightful and in-depth knowledge about the same.

Findings
The findings of this study suggest that nurses felt a sense of morality and responsibility toward the hospital, which motivated them to raise their voices to the concerned authorities within their organizations before reaching out to external agencies. The other motivators include peer and management support regarding the surety that appropriate action would be taken if reporting is done against the wrongdoer. On the other side, job loss or fear of harassment from peers and supervisors demotivates and discourages them from involving in the act of whistleblowing, especially in cases where they had dependents.

Practical implications
This study implies that hospitals/health-care units should provide an affirmative organizational culture to the nurses through sensitivity training that spreads awareness and a sense of responsibility. Also, setting favourable examples would help nurses gain motivation from the organization's past experiences. Having independent agencies to investigate whistleblowing complaints can be more encouraging than in-house management. Additionally, assurances by the government to protect the interest of the nurses who blow the whistle through anonymous whistleblowing and stringent rules for the job security of whistleblowers need to be aligned.

Originality/value
This study highlights the whistleblowing intention of Indian employees of the health-care sector, that is, nurses, which is the pioneer research work in the Indian context. In India, the profession of nurses is subjugated by females; hence, this study would contribute to the literature by looking at whistleblowing through gender predisposition. As the work of nurses is wholly based on patient advocacy, the ethical dilemma of raising their voices or remaining silent is very natural. This study brings about specific concerns related to the whistleblowing of women nurses and talks about the solutions that can be undertaken to encourage them to engage in the act of whistleblowing.
Performance evaluation models applied to the Brazilian mutual funds market
Authors: Corso Kruk Diogo , Coppe Pimentel Rene 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis paper analyzes alternative performance evaluation models applied to equity mutual funds under conditional and unconditional approaches in the Brazilian market.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is conducted using CAPM's single factor, Fama–French three and five factors, under their conditional and unconditional versions in a sample of 896 equity mutual funds from 2008 to 2019.FindingsThe results suggest that the use of three- or five-factor models is especially relevant to reduce the effect of market anomalies in performance assessment. Additionally, results show that conditional approaches, adding time-varying alphas and betas with macroeconomic variables, provide higher explanatory power than their unconditional peers.Originality/valueThe results are relevant in the unique economic environment characterized by historically high interest rate and high market volatility.
Retaining talent in the maritime sector by creating a work-family balance logic: implications from women managers navigating work and family
Authors: Vo Linh-Chi , Lavissière Mary C. , Lavissière Alexandre 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis paper contributes to the social pillar of sustainable supply chain management. It does so by investigating how women managers in the maritime sector handle work-family conflict, thereby acting as institutional entrepreneurs to create a work-family balance logic. The maritime sector is a male-dominated supply chain management environment, which suffers from a talent gap of a lack of women executives. One reason for this problem is work-family balance issues that deter women from staying in the workforce.Design/methodology/approachThe authors interviewed 35 women working as port managers in different developing countries. The authors analyzed their strategies in coping with the conflict between family and work to create a work-family balance logic.FindingsThe authors found four different types of strategies to handle work-family conflicts. Responses showed that women executives in this sector can be institutional entrepreneurs. Based on the findings, the authors were able to confirm and contribute to the existing model proposed by Silva and Nunes (2021) on sustainable supply chain logic. The authors also provided recommendations for these women as institutional entrepreneurs and for policymakers to retain women talent in the supply chain management.Research limitations/implicationsThe research focuses on a specific supply chain management sector, which is the maritime sector. It also relies exclusively on interview data.Practical implicationsThe authors propose recommendations to develop a work-family balance logic and retain talented women in the supply chain industry based on monitoring equality and supporting their need for a work-family balance, both in the short and long terms.Originality/valueThe authors interviewed women executives in one of the most male dominated sectors. The authors studied their ability to cope with work-family conflicts and identified four ways to create a work-family balance logic. These findings enabled us to show the contribution and limits of women executives as institutional entrepreneurs for work family balance logics in male dominated sectors.
Developing a method for incorporating sustainability into the strategic planning of higher education institutions
Authors: Sanches Francisco Elíseo Fernandes , Souza Junior Marco Antonio Alves de , Massaro Junior Flavio Rubens , Povedano Rafael , Gaio Luiz Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Higher education institutions (HEIs) must take on a leadership role in building a sustainable world, given their responsibility for preparing future professionals and leaders worldwide and considering the role they provide to society. To accomplish this goal, HEIs need to holistically embody sustainability in everything they develop. This study aims to help HEIs in this purpose by developing a method to integrate sustainability into the strategic planning process in these institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
In the first stage, the method was developed based on papers selected through a systematic literature review. The proposed method was then applied in a Brazilian HEI to validate and adjust it.

Findings
A method that adopts a participatory process to integrate sustainability into HEIs’ strategic planning was proposed.

Practical implications
This study provides university leaders with a simple and practical method to aid with elaborating on strategic plans for holistic sustainability integration.

Originality/value
This study uniquely applied a framework called “HEIs sustainability action archetypes” as the foundation for selecting sustainable objectives, goals and actions to be integrated into these institutions’ strategic planning.
A design science research methodology for developing an integrated model supplier reduction and grouping parts using GT-based algorithm
Authors: Dehghani Maryam , Akhavan Peyman , Abbasi Morteza 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This study aims to propose a quantitative approach to reduce the number of suppliers in an organization. This method is based on grouping, and different parts are grouped based on the capabilities they need and are allocated to suppliers who have these capabilities. In this regard, an integrated model for supplier reduction and grouping of parts using a group technology-based algorithm is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach
Design science research methodology was used in this study. The main problem under investigation is a large number of suppliers in an organization’s supply base. The proposed model was used to solve this problem in the electric motor industry.

Findings
The results of implementing the proposed model in the electric motor industry showed that reducing suppliers had a significant effect on reducing cost, increasing information sharing, increasing supplier innovation and technology, enhancing the relationship between buyers and sellers and reducing risks in the production process.

Practical implications
From a managerial point of view, reducing the number of suppliers plays an important role in the company’s overall strategy, and seems to be a prerequisite for building a strong supplier partnership and an effective supply chain, and will have many benefits for the focal company and suppliers.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, grouping and formation of product families have never been performed based on the similarity of the operational capabilities required for producing parts, and it has not been addressed as a solution for reducing suppliers.
Death bells? Branding in the age of smartphones and AI
Authors: Kohli Chiranjeev S. , Ebrahimi Mahdi , Granitz Neil 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Branding has arguably been the most crucial marketing pillar in the twentieth century. It was effective because of existing consumer behavior, which was constrained by the availability of information and customers’ ability to process it, resulting in a reliance on brands. This paper aims to examine the role of branding (and brand loyalty) in the past and how it has been disrupted recently, and makes recommendations for practicing managers to modify how they manage brands proactively.

Design/methodology/approach
This work is based on a review of the latest developments in the theory and practice of branding.

Findings
Today, ready access to smartphones ensures the availability of information tailored to customer needs, directing them in making choices. Improvements in the quality of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven algorithms further simplify customer purchase decisions and reduce search costs – a blow to branding. The data, which forms the foundation for information sought by customers and AI algorithms, continues to increase as more buyers leave their digital footprints, resulting in a virtuous self-precipitating cycle of better decision-making for customers and compromising the influence of brands.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to focus on the implications of changes in the marketplace driven by smartphones and AI on the future of branding.