bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hydraulic lift response under media moisture conditions on the cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)
Authors: Pitono J , Maslahah N , Nurhayati H , Setiawan  , Suhirman S , Permadi RA 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cashew was reported to have hydraulic lift (HL) ability, which vertically transferred water from the moister bottom layer to the drier upper one. However, it was tested under homogenous moisture conditions on the bottom soil layer, whereas its response under heterogeneous one was still unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the HL response under heterogeneous moisture on the bottom soil layer on 10 months old cashew. It was conducted in the ISMCRI greenhouse from September to October 2020. The cashew was grown, and its roots were developed into three compartments filled with growth media: one top compartment (T) and two bottom compartments (B1 and B2). The media was subjected to four conditions 1) the whole media in moist conditions, 2) T was dry, B1 and B2 were moist, 3) T and B1 were dry, B2 was moist, and 4) the whole media were dry. The cashew HL was not significantly reduced in the condition where the half part of the lower root was in dry condition. This result indicated that cashew HL was strong enough under heterogeneous soil moisture conditions in the bottom layer. Thus, cashew was potential as a component of water bio-conservation of the land in the dry climate.
Colchicine induced morphological variability in sugarcane
Authors: Yuniyati N , Trikoesoemaningtyas  , Hartati R S , Suhesti S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mutation breeding is one of the tools in genetic improvement. The existence of morphological differences among the mutants and the original indicates genetic changes in putative mutants. The research aimed to determine morphological characters of sugarcane colchicine-induced putative mutants. The materials were 21 numbers of putative mutants derived from the PS 881 variety as a parent. Morphological traits were observed on a seven-month-old plantation of sugarcane mutants in January 2019 at the UPBUP screen houses. The descriptor list consisted of 34 morphological characters, including leaves, sheath, stalks, internodes, and buds. The results showed that putative mutants have a narrow diversity and separated into two large clusters with a dissimilarity level of 0.25 with PS 881. Cluster I consisted of 11 putative mutants (38B, 14A, 33A, 18A, 4B, 31A, 52A, 4A, 3A, 30A, and 6A) and cluster II consisted of 10 putative mutants (54A, 38A, 37A, 36B, 60A, 49A, 27A, 22B, 17A, and 9A). Several mutants have leaves with darker green color, larger stalk diameter, and longer internode than their parents. Further evaluation needs to be done to identify mutants with high production potential.
Possibility to develop biological control agents for plant diseases on ramie plantation
Authors: Hidayah N , Wijayanti K S , Nurindah  , Yulianti T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ramie is a kind of plant from the Urticaceae family that produces fiber from its stems. Currently, Wonosobo in Central Java is the largest location for ramie development in Indonesia. Generally, the development of ramie in this area is conducted in a monoculture which is potential for the emergence of plant diseases that may not have been considered previously, such as basal stem rot (BSR) and leaf spot (LS). This study aimed to obtain microorganisms that can be developed as biocontrol agents (BCA) for BSR and LS on ramie. Isolation of microbes from soil samples of ramie plantations was carried out using serial dilution methods on Martin Agar and Tryptic Soy Agar media. Furthermore, microbes with BCA potential were tested using the dual culture method with fungi associated with BSR and LS. The results revealed that were 11 bacteria and two fungi that have the potential as BCA. Of the total isolates, three bacteria and two fungi showed the ability to inhibit the growth of BSR and LS-associated fungi in the range of 10.78- 73.33% in vitro. These results indicate that there is a potency to develop BCAs originating from ramie plantation soil itself.
Effect of salt stress on nutrients content in soil and leaves of three varieties sugarcane
Authors: Djajadi D , Syaputra R , Hidayati S N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The extension of the sugarcane cropping area in Indonesia is directed to saline soil, yet there is still limited information about the effect of salt stress on commercial varieties of sugarcane. A pot study was conducted at the Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute greenhouse in 2019. The objective was to investigate salinity influences on three varieties: sugarcane growth, soil nutrient content, and leaves. Treatments included three commercial sugarcane varieties (PS 881, PSJK 922, and BL) with five different watering salt concentrations (0, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 ppm of NaCl solution added). Results showed that saline stress decreased the organic and available K of soil. Increasing NaCl concentration also reduced the content of N, K, and ratio K/Na of sugarcane leaves. The stalk diameter of sugarcane was also decreased under saline stress. Among the three tested sugarcane varieties, BL was the most susceptible to saline stress in relation to the most reduction in stalk diameter and ratio K/Na.
In vitro antagonistic activity of soil microbes isolated from oil palm to Ganoderma zonatum
Authors: Trisawa I M , Manohara Dyah , Soetopo Deciyanto , Siswanto  
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Ganoderma zonatum is the causal agent of basal stem rot of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Riau. The research objective was to explore and select soil microbial antagonists to Ganoderma zonatum. Soil samples were taken from the non/rhizosphere of 27 oil palm plants in Kampar and Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia, in 2018-2019. The soil microbes were grown on Potatoes Dextrose Agar for fungus and Tryptic Soy Agar for the bacterium. The antagonist was measured by a dual culture method. The colony diameter of G. zonatum the (dual) culture was measured to assess the inhibition potency of the potential microbial antagonists. The soil microbial collected was 138 isolates, including 58 of Trichoderma spp. and 80 of bacteria. The inhibition against the isolated soil microbes to G. zonatum growth ranged from 46-74% for Trichoderma spp. and 0-86% for the bacterium. Seven isolates of Trichoderma spp and 13 of bacterial inhibited G. zonatum growth >70%, have potential as biocontrol agents. Two isolates that showed the most potential as antagonists, i.e Trichoderma harzianum (AC2, rhizosphere) and Burkholderia gladioli (N1, non-rhizosphere) could be developed for further as microbial antagonists.
Molecular analysis of gene from ginger and Zingiber zerumbet encoding resistance to bacterial wilt
Authors: Rostiana O , Syahid SF , Arlianti T , Supriadi  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The bottleneck in ginger cultivation is bacterial wilt which causes crop damage of more than 70%. Since conventional cross-breeding in ginger is difficult, genetic engineering has allowed new ginger variety resistance to bacterial wilt development. Thus, a homologous sequence of resistance genes (RRS1-R) could be designed and constructed, then transformed to generate new ginger variety tolerance to R. solanacearum. The more resistant genotypes (red ginger and wild ginger/shampoo ginger) were subjected to gene isolation in this research. The red and wild ginger species were first inoculated with a suspension of R. solanacearum before gene isolation. Then, the generated primer was used to isolate homologous sequences of RRS1-R gene candidates from both species. Cloning and sequence results showed that induced red and wild ginger tissues to R. solanacearum were expressed on both species. However, the RRS1-R homologous gene was not detected. Furthermore, the full-length DNA gene cloned from the red and wild ginger species was homologous to the Kafirin gene group. These results indicated that different genes might have been involved in encoding resistance to bacterial wilt in ginger.
Development of contemporary pepper crop (Piper nigrum L.) in West Lampung Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Addharu E , Barus B , Kinseng R A , Shiddiq D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pepper crop has been developed and established in the West Lampung Regency. In line with contemporary agriculture’s with a tendency for standardized management supported by modern communication technology, the current agriculture practice should adopt the situation. In preparation, we need to develop a center of pepper development area through spatial planning. Several factors in developing the main region are actual dominant pepper crops, land suitability, current spatial planning, socio-economy of farmers, communication infrastructure, others that are evaluated using spatial multi-criteria approach. The result showed the potential area as a central area of pepper development, with some prerequisites of development of better agriculture practice for precision farming, and the improvement of farmer using a current mobile phone to access good agricultural practices and the potential market.
The potential of new bio-decomposers for composting sugarcane waste
Authors: Rahayu F , Nugraheni S D , Diana N E , Santoso B , Wijanarko A , Hariyono B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The process of composting sugarcane residue by new bio-decomposer consortium formula contain specific microbes with different functions such as ligninolytic and cellulolytic microbes can improve the quality of agricultural waste. These bacteria have the potential to enhance sugarcane litter and other sugarcane residues. The fermentation process led to the C/N ratio of compost serves as a reference for the effectiveness of the decomposition process by bacteria. The research was designed as an alternative to producing organic fertilizers by using four bio-decomposer consortium formulas as ISAFCRI collection and EM4 as commercial bio-decomposer. The physicochemical characterization of 5 composts, including the C/N ratio of compost, is below 12-17, macroelements N, P, K available in compost are relatively high compared to the minimum requirement of SNI. The compost 5 with EM4 bio-decomposer appeared to have lower nutrient yields than compost using other decomposers. Compost 1 with formula one, which contains a consortium of lignocellulolytic bacteria, has excellent potential to be developed as a new bio-decomposer formula for processing sugarcane waste. The pilot test has shown that varieties of composts and organic fertilizers can be made from a mixture of sugarcane residue.
Management of macro and micro nutrients to suppress flower yield fluctuations in productive clove
Authors: Ruhnayat A , Setiawan  , Rostiana O 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Yield fluctuations in cloves are still an unsolved problem. This study aimed to increase vegetative and reproductive shoots to stimulate flowering by applying macro and micronutrients using 30 years old clove-plant. The treatments tested were: (p0) control, (p1) NPKMg (4:1:3:0,4), (p2) NPKMg (4:1:3:0,4) + 30 g B + 30 g Zn, and (p3) NPKMg (4:1:3:0,4) + 60 g B + 60 g Zn. The dose of NPKMg given was adjusted to the plant-based on the SOP for fertilizing cloves aged 34 years, namely 8.4 kg (N=4 kg, P2O5=1 kg, K2O=3 kg, and MgO=0.4 kg per tree per year). The results showed that fertilizer application could improve canopy and branch conditions after a large harvest season and increase the number of shoots. Meanwhile, micro fertilizers B and Zn (p3) application during the small harvest season can increase the production of fresh flowers 303.27-516.67% higher than the control. During the medium harvest season, it is only 122.37%. In the large harvest season, macro fertilizer (p1) increased the production of fresh flowers by 135.53%, higher than the control. This study indicates that clove plants aged >30 years can still increase their productivity through macro and micronutrient management and suppress yield fluctuations.
Effect of Rootone-F concentration on the cutting-growth of three species of coffee (Coffea sp.)
Authors: Husin M , Marhaeni L S , Tresniawati C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Liberica, Robusta and Excelsa coffee are cross-pollinated so that their vegetative propagation uses cuttings. Plant growth regulators (PGR) such as Rootone-F could accelerate root growth on cuttings. The study aimed to determine the effect of Rootone-F concentration on the growth of one segment cuttings. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI) from January to March 2020. The research design was a factorial, Completely Randomized Design, with three replications. The first factor was coffee species, i.e., Robusta (BP 936), Liberica (LIM 1 and LIM 2), and Excelsa, and the second factor was Rootone-F concentrations were 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm. The characters observed were callus diameter, leaves number, shoots number, and leaf length. The results showed there was an interaction between coffee species and Rootone-F concentration on shoots number and leaf length. Every factor affected callus diameter and leaves number, respectively. Application without Rootone-F (0 ppm) gave a higher value of callus diameter and leaves number of LIM 1. Rootone-F concentration that could increase the shoots number and leaf length was 500 ppm for Lim 1, 400 ppm for Lim 2, 0 ppm for BP 936, and 100 ppm for Excelsa.
Increasing added value of living standards on pepper growth and production towards sustainable agriculture
Authors: Karmawati E , Siswanto  , Syakir M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the productivity of pepper in Indonesia has decreased due to various problems in pepper farming, both on-farm and off-farm, so the contribution of Indonesian pepper to the world declined. One of the problems farmers face in cultivating pepper is the use of nonliving standards in several production areas, especially in Bangka Belitung and West Kalimantan. The use of non-living standards requires more inputs. Moreover, in the current pepper price situation, farmers have less profit. Observations on the growth of pepper on several types of living standards, namely Albizia, Gliricidia, coconut, and kapok, in Sukamulya, Pakuwon, and Muktiharjo. The experiment was conducted in 2015, 2016, and 2017. At each standard, 1,2 and 4 pepper seedlings were planted. A sampling of 10 plants of each type of standard for observation of growth and yield had been conducted from each plot. The results showed that the alive climbing pole that could be attached for pepper were Albizia and Gliricidia. Productivity of fresh weight at the third year was 1.90 kg per standard used 4 seedlings and 1.87 kg per standard used 2 seedlings.
Isolation and screening of rhizobacteria as biocontrol agents against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vanillae
Authors: Hardiyanti S , Sukamto  , Noveriza R , Mariana M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the major diseases that can reduce vanilla growth and production is stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae. The objective of this study is to evaluate the rhizobacteria as biocontrol agents against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vanillae. This research consists of isolation of rhizobacteria, antagonism assays, and identification of the rhizobacteria. A total of 263 isolates were evaluated in antagonism assays. There were 250 isolates isolated from vanilla, and 13 isolates were the collection of Plant Protection Laboratory, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute. The results showed that seven rhizobacteria isolates, i.e., L34, PS4, V116, KB7, KB10, M117a, and V112, could inhibit the mycelium growth by more than 60%. Rhizobacteria isolate L35, PS4, and V112 showed the highest inhibition, i.e., 64.92%, 72.72%, 68.72%, respectively. Based on the 16S rRNA sequence, isolate L35, PS4, and V112 were identified as Burkholderia vietnamiensis, B. ambifaria, and B lata, respectively. Further studies are needed to investigate the interaction between rhizobacteria and the host plants and formulate products to evaluate their effectiveness in the fields.
Application of bio-silica and citronella oil nanoemulsion, neem oil, and endophytic bacteria formula for the java tea root-knot nematode population suppression
Authors: Djiwanti S R , Noveriza R , Sukamto  , Nurhayati H , Hoerudin  , Pasaribu G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Root-knot nematode is a potential obstacle to sustainable cultivation for the medicinal java tea plant (Orthosiphon aristatus). Some botanical/bio-pesticide formula (citronella oil and bio-silica nanoemulsion, neem oil, and endophytic bacterial Pseudomonas fluorescens and Burkholderia cepacia) were evaluated their effectiveness in root-knot nematode control. The botanical/bio-pesticides were drenched on nematode inoculated-seedling plant (var. Orsina 3 Agribun) roots in polybags, twice with 14 days interval. The experiments were randomized block design with two factors, with six treatments for the main plot and two factors as the co-plot. The treatments were replicated six times with ten plants in each replication. Three months after treatment, from the root-knot nematode population, plant growth, and leaves dry weight analysis, were indicated that all formula tested effectively suppressed the root-knot nematode population in the root, except endophytic bacterial formula. However, the synergistic nematicidal effect of the endophytic bacteria formula (1.5%) against root-knot nematode was provided by the root incorporation of bamboo charcoal compost as much as 89.68%. Citronella-oil (1%) and bio-silica (2%) nanoemulsion, and neem oil formulas (1%) effectively suppressed nematode populations (99.33% and 97.65%, and 99.66%, respectively), increasing the sinensetin content/production in comparison with control; and could be evaluated further in the plantation in the field.
Evaluating the effectiveness of botanical extracts on cotton sclerotial fungi
Authors: Yulianti T , Hidayah N , Wijayanti K S , Sunartoand Subiyakto D A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, and R. bataticola caused damping-off, root rot, and charcoal rot on cotton plant. The fungi produced sclerotia, and hence they are difficult to control. Synthetic fungicides had negative effects on the environment, but fungicidal compounds of botanical extracts were environmentally friendly. This research aimed to test several botanical extracts on the three fungi, i.e., extract from neem seed, the mixture of neem seed with clove oil, and citronella oil with ratio 7:1; 3:1; 1:1. The concentration used for the test were: 500, 1250, 2500, and 3750 ppm. Each of the tested fungi was placed in the middle of PDA medium with the botanical extract. Each treatment was replicated three times. The growth of the tested fungi was measured every two days. Neem extract inhibited the mycelial growth of the three tested fungi 2-40 %. When the neem was mixed with clove oil, its effectiveness escalated to 100 %, especially at ratios 3:1 and 1:1. The mixture of neem extract with citronella oil was less effective than that of neem extract with clove oil. Of the three tested fungi, S. rolfsii was the most vulnerable fungus to the tested botanical extract.
Effect of biostimulant and silica application on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production
Authors: Anggraeni L W , Pratama A F , Putri P H , Wahyudi  
Published: February 2022

AbstractLow productivity of sugarcane occurs due to low soil fertility and insufficient availability of water on sugarcane plantations. In addition to ensuring the soil nutrient availability by applying fertilization technology, nutrient absorption efficiency also needs to be optimized by applying a biostimulant. The research objective was to study the effect of the biostimulant and silica application on the efficiency and effectiveness of sugarcane nutrient absorption based on vegetative growth parameters, sugarcane quality parameters, and sugar rendement. This study was taken place in one of East Java’s sugar plantations from October 2019 to August 2020. There are four different treatments (P1, P2, P3, and P4) besides the control (P0), each with four replications. Data obtained were then statistically tested using a one-way Analysis of Variance followed by Duncan’s Post-Hoc Multiple Range Test. All the treatments showed no significant effect on sugarcane growth parameters. Based on the value, P1 (addition of 200 kg/ha silica and 3 L/ha biostimulant) was the best treatment with Brix and Pol values of 21.60% and 19.46%, respectively (p>0.05). This treatment also showed the best increase in sugar rendement by 28.53% compared to control (P0), which was 12.30% (p>0.05).
Marine seaweeds (biofertilizer) significance in sustainable agricultural activities: A review
Authors: Zafar A , Ali I , Rahayu F 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The marine environment provides adaptive conditions for many organisms, such as algae, shellfish, mussels, sponges, corals, and barnacles. There is a range of algae in Pakistan’s coastal waters, but, unfortunately, they are not used and are wasted. Efficient use of a valuable natural resource that can increase the efficiency of agricultural operations. Algae are abundant and easily found in a wet environment, either in seawater or freshwater. The seaweed and its products are extensively used in crops cultivation to enhance production systems due to many plant-growth-promoting compounds. It has been traditionally used for the fertilization of the fields since the ancient world. Some seaweeds and auxins, a plant hormone responsible for the vegetative growth and auxin-like compounds, have been found. Algae and their associated compounds can support the onset of seed germination and plant root growth, which applies to temperature, resistance to abiotic stress, and improves plants’ ability to absorb nutrients.
Effect of liquid biological fertilizer on dwarf coconut embryo culture
Authors: Santosa B , Nur M , Lumentut N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Organic or biological fertilizer liquid is generally used to improve crop quality in plants grown in-vivo. Liquid organic and inorganic fertilizers have been used as in vitro culture media for orchids and patchouli; it is suspected that liquid biological fertilizers can also be used as in vitro growth medium. The research was conducted to determine the effect of liquid biological fertilizer (LBF) on the growth medium and development of dwarf coconut embryo culture. The study was conducted in laboratory tissue culture Palma Crops Research Institute, December 2020 - May 2021. The study used live combinations of culture mediums, and each used ten explants of dwarf coconut embryos. The results showed that on Eeuwens Y3 100% + 100% sugar medium, all experienced browning, three green shoots (live), and seven brown shoots (dead), the average shoot length was 2.9 cm. Medium LBF 100% without sugar does not undergo browning, and the embryo does not develop. LBF 50% + Eeuwens Y3 50% + 50 % sugar best medium: a minor browning, the highest number of green shoots (8 shoots), average shoot length was 4.1 cm.