bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FPR2 contributes to the dysfunction of inflammation resolution and neuronal excitability in focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Huang Kaixuan , Wang Zhongke , He Zeng , Li Yang , Li Shujing , Shen Kaifeng , Zhu Gang , Liu Zhonghong , Lv Shengqing , Zhang Chunqing , Yang Hui , Yang Xiaolin , Liu Shiyong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Focal cortical dysplasia IIb (FCDIIb) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) show the persistent neuroinflammation which promote epileptogenesis and epilepsy progression, suggesting that endogenous resolution of inflammation is inadequate to relieve neuronal network hyperexcitability. To explore the potential roles of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), which is a key regulator of inflammation resolution, in epilepsy in FCDIIb and TSC. We examined the expression and cellular distribution of FPR2, and the effect of FPR2 signal pathway on the neuronal excitability.
Method
The expression of FPR2 and NF-κB signal pathway were examined by real-time PCR, western blots and analyzed via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The distribution of FPR2 was detected using immunostaining. The expression of resolvin D1(RvD1, the endogenous ligand of FPR2)was observed via ELISA. The calcium imaging was used to measure intracellular calcium concentrations in FPR2-affected rat cortical neurons. The effects of FPR2 on the electrophysiological properties of neurons was detected by the Whole-cell patch clamp recording. The Pearsoncorrelation test was used to evaluate the relation between the expression of FPR2, RvD1 and clinical variants.
Results
The expression of FPR2 and resolvin D1 (RvD1) were significantly lower in FCDⅡb and TSC cortical lesions than the controls and was negatively correlated with seizure frequency; specially, in dysplastic neurons; but, FPR2 was sparse in microglia and nearly absent in astrocytes. Further, NF-κB pathway activity was upregulated in FCDⅡb and TSC and restricted by the RvD1-FPR2, but FPR2 antagonist, WRW4 exerted the opposite effects. Beyond that, RvD1-FPR2 reduced [Ca2+] influx of cortical neurons, but WRW4 increased intracellular [Ca2+]i. Importantly, RvD1-FPR2 also regulated the neuronal excitability through reducing the amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) with NR2A and NR2B decrease. However, both the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) of cortical neurons were not affected by RvD1 or WRW4 treatment.
Conclusion
In summary, these results suggest that the FPR2 was involved in epilepsy caused by FCDⅡb and TSC and FPR2 activation may contribute to control the epilepsy in FCDⅡb and TSC.
Influence of Non-Invasive Ventilation in an Adult Patient with Acute Epiglottitis: A Case Report
Authors: Bamadhaf Wail , AlRahma Ali , Ali Khalid , Hamoud Khaled 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Adult acute epiglottitis is a rare, life-threatening disease that requires prompt airway management, resuscitation, and stabilization. This case report discusses a patient with type ΙΙ respiratory failure due to acute epiglottitis, which was managed successfully with non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation in the emergency department.Case Presentation: We report a case of a male patient in his 30s who arrived at the emergency department complaining of sore throat, cough, and shortness of breath. He was found to be in severe respiratory distress. The patient’s condition improved dramatically after non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation, which prevented the need for endotracheal intubation. He was admitted to the ICU and discharged without complications five days later.Conclusion: Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation may help manage moderate cases of acute epiglottitis with partial airway obstruction as a bridging therapy until other treatments have decreased edema, thus preventing the need for endotracheal intubation.
A full understanding of the ‘real’ conversion dynamic of green vegetation and its ecosystem service: quantity-quality and gain-loss perspectives
Authors: Yang Gaoyuan , Xiao Yi , Da Liangjun , Yu Zhaowu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Contexts. To quantify the ecosystem service (ES) changes caused by the dynamic of green vegetation (GV) during rapid urbanization, it is necessary to fully understand the ‘real’ conversion pattern of GV, yet key and ‘real’ conversion patterns within specific periods and contributions to GV quality remain poorly understood. Objectives. Here we use Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a mediator to represent GV quality. Land cover transfer matrix (LCTM) and urban greenspace dynamic index (UGDI) were employed to fully understand the GV dynamic from quantity-quality and gain-loss perspectives. The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region (PRDMR), one of the fastest urbanizing regions in the world, was selected as a case study. Results. We found that from 1990 to 2015, built-up land, forests and grasslands has the most dynamic conversion, and also has the most significant impact on NDVI. The NDVI value of the newly-built forest (0.29) was much lower than that of the lost forest (0.5), which demonstrate the value and importance of existing natural forest ecosystem, as newly-built forest does not provide the same quality of NDVI and ESs. Hence, we reconfirm and suggest that in regional ecological planning and management, in addition to creating new, higher quality GV, it is essential to protect existing natural forest ecosystems. Conclusions. The study proposed new and full perspectives, including quantity-quality and gain-loss angle of view, enhance the understanding of GV dynamic and can be used in other related analyses. Results also provide important theoretical bases for regional ecological planning and protection of existing natural forest ecosystems.
Relationship of skeletal class of malocclusion with some radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in short-face patients
Authors: Tofangchiha Maryam , Jabbarian Razieh , Sheikhdavoodi Nima , Ranjbaran Mehdi , Ajeli Ali , Baratali Saeed , Akafzadeh Negar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the relationship of skeletal class of malocclusion with some radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in short-face patients.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 179 short-face patients between 17 to 30 years who sought orthodontic treatment during 2013 to 2020. The gonial and antegonial angles, and type and depth of antegonial notch were assessed bilaterally on traced panoramic radiographs. The correlation between radiomorphometric indices and class of malocclusion was analyzed by SPSS version 25 (alpha = 0.05).
Results
The mean size of gonial angle was significantly different among the three classes of malocclusion (P < 0.001), and the largest gonial angle was recorded in class III, and the smallest in class I patients. The mean size of antegonial angle and antegonial depth were not significantly different among the three classes of malocclusion (P > 0.05). The difference in the mean size of gonial and antegonial angles was not significant between males and females (P > 0.05). However, the mean antegonial depth in males was significantly greater than that in females (P < 0.001). Type I antegonial notch was more common in females than males at both sides. Age had no significant correlation with gonial angle, antegonial angle, or antegonial notch depth (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Facial growth pattern in short-face patients can be predicted with antegonial angle.Also there is significant correlation of skeletal class of malocclusion with size of gonial angle.
Clinical Relevance:
The present results emphasized on the role of antegonial angle in prediction of facial growth pattern in short-face patients, and revealed significant correlation of skeletal class of malocclusion with size of gonial angle.
Discovery of the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging and omics
Authors: He Ke , Li Chong , Li Xinyi , Wu Yang , Xie Xiaoming , Yang Jiju , Zhang Fan , Yue Yang , Hao Huifeng , Zhao Shaokun , Li Xin , Tian Guihua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disease. The current treatments are limited. Acupuncture is a promising complementary and replacement therapy, but further clinical evidence is needed. Besides, the influence of acupuncture on migraine is not an immediate effect, the mechanism of this effect is not clear yet. This study is to provide further clinical evidence for the anti-migraine effects of acupuncture and explore the mechanism. Herein, a randomized controlled trial (48 participants in total; 10 normal controls and 38 migraineurs) was performed. The 38 migraine patients were divided into blank control, sham acupuncture, and acupuncture. The baseline characteristics were assessed for 2 weeks before the study. After that, patients were subjected to two courses of treatment, each of which lasted 5 days, with an interval of 1 day between the two courses (11 days in total). Outcome data collection, fMRI measurement, and blood sample collection were performed before and at the end of the treatment period. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated using pain questionnaire. The fMRI data was analysed. Blood plasma was collected for metabolomics and proteomics studies. Results showed that acupuncture effectively relieves migraine symptoms, and not merely via the placebo effect. The anti-migraine mechanism involves a complex network which is related to regulating the blood oxygen levels, reversing brain energy imbalance and regulating inflammation. Brain regions of migraineurs affected by acupuncture include the limbic system and default mode network, and regions involved in cognitive and emotional processing of pain, sleep, and attention.
Fexinidazole interferes with the growth and structural organization of Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Zuma Aline Araujo , de Souza Wanderley 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fexinidazole is a heterocyclic compound that constitutes the first 100% oral treatment drug for African trypanosomiasis. Its effectiveness against T. brucei encouraged the investigation of its antiparasitic potential against T. cruzi, the aetiological agent of Chagas disease. Although previous studies addressed the antitrypanosomal effects of fexinidazole, none used electron microscopy to identify the main target structures of T. brucei or T. cruzi. In this work, we used microscopy techniques to analyze the ultrastructural alterations caused by fexinidazole in different developmental stages of T. cruzi. In addition to inhibiting T. cruzi proliferation, with IC50 of 1 µM for intracellular amastigotes, fexinidazole promoted massive disorganization of reservosomes, the detachment of the plasma membrane, unpacking of nuclear heterochromatin, mitochondrial swelling, Golgi disruption and alterations in the kinetoplast-mitochondrion complex. Together, these observations point to fexinidazole as a potential drug leader for further development of chemotherapy against Chagas disease.
Nuclear SSR-based Genetic diversity and STRUCTURE analysis of Greek Tomato ecotypes and the Greek Tomato Database (GTD)
Authors: Bibi Androniki C , Marountas John , Katsarou Konstantina , Kollias Anastasios , Pavlidis Pavlos , Goumenaki Eleni , Kafetzopoulos Dimitris 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tomato is cultivated in Greece for more than 200 years, even though is not native. Along with a favorable environment for the crop all the year round, Greece has become a major competitor in tomato production around Europe. However, there is an increasing demand to improve tomato crop. People have devoted a significant effort for crop improvement via phenotypic screening resulting in a large number of tomato ecotypes. An increasing demand to clarify the relationships among local tomato genotypes utilizing the most preferred molecular markers the Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR-markers) is the main objective of this study. Twenty-nine tomato ecotypes cultivated in Crete, Greece were genotyped utilizing eleven simple sequence repeat (SSR) along with the Structure analysis of the germplasm. A neighbor-joining dendrogram of the 29 ecotypes was produced. The statistical analysis proved that 58% of the genetic variation (p < 0.0001) resided among populations and 42% (p < 0.0001) resided within populations. The Structure analysis indicated that nine ancestral populations are hidden inside the group of ecotypes tested, using Evanno’s method. The final objective was make these data publicly available through the first Greek relational database (GreekTomatoDatabase-GTD). GTD was developed making publicly available all the methodology around the analysis performed, the first molecular fingerprint of 29 tomato ecotypes grown in Crete, Greece, as well as phenotypic and viral information.
Preclinical investigation of expanded human adipose–derived stem cell dosage and timing for improved defecation function in immunodeficient mice
Authors: Mori Ryota , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Fujino Shiki , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Yukimoto Ryohei , Ogino Takayuki , Takahashi Hidekazu , Uemura Mamoru , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Among treatment options for fecal incontinence, none are curative. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents, but most preclinical studies of their effectiveness for anal function have used autologous or allogeneic ADSCs. Here, we investigated the effectiveness, timing of administration, and required dosage of human (h)ADSCs for clinical application.
Methods
A 10-mm balloon catheter was used to induce anal sphincter injury in immunodeficient mice in three groups: ADSC (hADSCs injected after injury), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; injected after injury), and control (uninjured). The effects of different timing and number of hADSCs administered was compared among groups using defecation status and pathological evaluation.
Results
In terms of defecation status, groups receiving ≥ 1 × 104 hADSCs immediately after injection showed improvement. Pathological images showed that compared with the PBS group, the thinnest part of the sphincter was thicker for animals that received ≥ 1 × 104 hADSCs, and fibrosis of the sphincter was notable in those treated with 1 × 103 hADSCs or PBS. Furthermore, although administration of hADSCs at 30 days following injury yielded no pathological signs of improvement, defecation status was improved.
Conclusions
hADSC administration in a mouse model of anal sphincter injury was effective. Injection of ≥ 1 × 104 hADSCs was necessary to improve defecation status, an effect detected in both the acute and chronic phases.
Acute and preventive treatment of COVID-19 related headache: A series of 100 patients
Authors: García-Azorín David , García-Ruiz Claudia , Sierra-Mencía Álvaro , Gonzalez-Osorio Yésica , Recio-García Andrea , González-Celestino Ana , García-Iglesias Cristina , Planchuelo-Gómez Álvaro , Echavarría-Iñiguez Ana , Peral Ángel L Guerrero 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

BackgroundHeadache is a common manifestation of post-coronavirus disease (COVID) condition. We aimed to describe the need and effectiveness of acute and preventive medications in a series of 100 consecutive patients evaluated in a headache unit. MethodsObservational descriptive study with a series of cases design. Patients with confirmed COVID diagnosis that were referred due to headache following COVID were included. Patients were evaluated and treated by headache experts. The study included patients infected between March 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Demographic variables and clinical information at the moment of the treatment use were gathered. Response to treatment was evaluated according to pain freedom response two hours after the use of the acute medication, and in the case of the preventive medication, the 50%, 30% and 75% responder rates were calculated. ResultsPatients were aged 48.0 (standard deviation (SD): 12.4), were female (84%) and had prior history of headache (56%), anxiety (42%), sleep disorders (37%), and depression (26%). The mean time between the infection and the evaluation was 7.2 (SD: 4.0) months. The most common headache phenotype was holocranial (63%), frontal (48%), pressing (75%), of moderate intensity (7 out of 10), and accompanied by photophobia (58%). Acute medication was required by 93%, being paracetamol (46%) the most frequently used drug, followed by ibuprofen (44%). The drugs with the higher proportion of 2-hour pain-freedom response were dexketoprofen (58.8%), triptans (57.7%), ibuprofen (54.3%) and paracetamol (43.1%).Preventive treatment was required by 75% of patients. The most frequently used drugs were amitriptyline (66%), anesthetic blockades (18%) and onabotulinumtoxinA (11%). The drugs with the higher 50% responder rate were amitriptyline (45.5%), mirtazapine (50%) and anesthetic blockades (38.9%). The higher 75% responder rate was experienced following onabotulinutoxinA (18.2%) and the higher 30% responder rate was obtained following amitriptyline and onabotulinumtoxinA (72.7%). ConclusionsThe majority of patients required acute medication, with triptans and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being the therapies with the best results. Three quarters of patients required preventive medication. The most frequently used drug was amitriptyline, which obtained the best results. In some treatment-resistant patients, anesthetic blockades and onabotulinumtoxinA were also beneficial.
Evidence of Transgenerational Effects on Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Multigenerational Space-Time Cluster Detection
Authors: Steed Rebecca , Bakian Amanda , Smith Ken Robert , Wan Neng , Brewer Simon , VanDerslice James 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Transgenerational epigenetic risks associated with complex health outcomes, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have attracted increasing attention. Transgenerational environmental risk exposures with potential for epigenetic effects can be effectively identified using space-time clustering. Specifically applied to ancestors of individuals with disease outcomes, space-time clustering characterized for vulnerable developmental stages of growth can provide a measure of relative risk for disease outcomes in descendants.
Objectives
(1) Identify space-time clusters of ancestors with a descendent with a clinical ASD diagnosis and matched controls. (2) Identify developmental windows of ancestors with the highest relative risk for ASD in descendants. (3) Identify how the relative risk may vary through the maternal or paternal line.
Methods
Family pedigrees linked to residential locations of ASD cases in Utah have been used to identify space-time clusters of ancestors. Control family pedigrees of none-cases based on age and sex have been matched to cases 2:1. The data have been categorized by maternal or paternal lineage at birth, childhood, and adolescence. A total of 3,957 children, both parents, and maternal and paternal grandparents were identified. Bernoulli space-time binomial relative risk (RR) scan statistic was used to identify clusters. Monte Carlo simulation was used for statistical significance testing.
Results
Twenty statistically significant clusters were identified. Thirteen increased RR (> 1.0) space-time clusters were identified from the maternal and paternal lines at a p-value < 0.05. The paternal grandparents carry the greatest RR (2.86–2.96) during birth and childhood in the 1950’s -1960, which represent the smallest size clusters, and occur in urban areas. Additionally, seven statistically significant clusters with RR < 1 were relatively large in area, covering more rural areas of the state.
Conclusion
This study has identified statistically significant space-time clusters during critical developmental windows that are associated with ASD risk in descendants. The geographic space and time clusters family pedigrees with over 3 + generations, which we refer to as a person’s geographic legacy, is a powerful tool for studying transgenerational effects that may be epigenetic in nature. Our novel use of space-time clustering can be applied to any disease where family pedigree data is available.
Comparison of sensitization pattern to dust mite allergens between atopic dermatitis patients and dogs and non-specific reactivity of canine IgE to storage mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Authors: Song Hangyeol , Lee Jongsun , Jeong Kyoung Yong , Cheon Doo-Sung , Park Jung-Won 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
House dust mite is common cause of atopic dermatitis (AD) both in human and dogs. Detection of serum IgE to allergen is commonly used to diagnose allergic diseases. However, false-positive reactions due to cross-reactivity and non-specific reactivity may lead to misdiagnosis. We compared human and canine IgE reactivities to mite component allergens. Canine IgE-reactive components of D. farinae and T. putrescentiae were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Recombinant proteins were produced and IgE reactivities to component allergens were assessed by ELISA and inhibition assays using sera from AD patients and dogs. Canine IgE-reactive proteins (Der f 1, Der f 11, Tyr p 4, Tyr p 8, Tyr p 11, Tyr p 28) were identified by proteome analysis. The majority of patients were sensitized to Der f 1 (93.3%) and Der f 2 (86.7%). Dogs showed high sensitization to Der f 2 (94.1%) and Der f 18 (84.6%). Both patients and dogs showed low IgE binding frequency to Tyr p 8, 43.3% and 4% respectively. The ELISA inhibition study indicated that canine IgE reactivity to T. putrescentiae is mostly due to non-specific reaction and cross-reaction with D. farinae. Different IgE sensitization patterns were shown between allergic human and dogs with AD, especially to Der f 18 in Korea for the first time. Furthermore, non-specific canine IgE reactivity to storage mite indicates the possible misdiagnoses. Standardizations focused on the major canine allergen content of extracts should be developed. This will allow precision diagnosis and individuated treatments for each patient and atopic dog.
Robotic radical distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer using the soft coagulation scissors technique
Authors: Yamashita Yoshito , Tatsubayashi Taichi , Okumura Koichi , Sakura Yusuke , Miyamoto Takumi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We developed a new technique for safe and precise lymph node dissection in robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer using monopolar curved scissors with soft coagulation, called the “soft coagulation scissors technique.” Its technical details are as follows: a long bipolar grasper in the first arm and monopolar curved scissors in the third arm are mainly used for D2 lymph node dissection, maximizing robotic arm articulation usage. The monopolar curved scissors were energized in the soft coagulation mode of the ValleylabTM FT10 energy platform (group A; n=29) or in the forced coagulation mode with effect1/power limit 15W of the ERBE VIO®dV (group B; n=9) which was confirmed to be equivalent to the soft coagulation mode, and the tissue was dissected with scissors while being energized. Large blood vessels were precoagulated with a long bipolar grasper and dissected with the monopolar curved scissors. Therefore, a wide surgical field was developed using Cadiere forceps in the fourth arm and an internal organ retractor, enabling quick precoagulation with the relatively free long bipolar grasper. Thirty-seven patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent robotic distal gastrectomy using this technique. There was no difference in surgical outcomes between group A and group B. The median volume of estimated blood loss was 10 g, and none of the patients had intra-abdominal infections, including pancreatic fistula. The soft coagulation scissors technique enables safe and precise lymph node dissection in robotic distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer and could be a standard surgical technique for robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.