bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student Unrest and Turmoil in Russia in the Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Юркина Н.Н. 
Published: April 2022

В статье анализируются причины радикализации студенчества в конце XIX — начале ХХ веков, различные подходы исследователей в оценке масштабов участия молодежи в революционных событиях начала ХХ века, особенности обстановки в университетах накануне 1905 года, а также формы и виды протестной деятельности молодежи. Проблема студенческих волнений и беспорядков рассматривается как часть студенческой повседневной жизни университетских городов Российской империи, ее влияние на становление мировоззрения и личности многих выдающихся в последствии политических деятелей и ученых, оставивших воспоминания, было значительным. Материалы мемуарной литературы позволяют взглянуть на проблему под новым углом зрения, оценить отдельные нюансы и особенности волнений, а также понять личные мотивы отдельных участников событий начала ХХ века.
The article analyzes the underlying causes of student radicalization in the late 19th — early 20th centuries. It investigates various approaches to the assessment of young people’s involvement in revolutionary events of the early 20th century and explores young people’s involvement in pro-test activities. Student unrest and turmoil is viewed as a part of student life in the Russian empire and, judging by their memoirs, it produced a huge impact on the worldview of many outstanding statesmen, scholars and scientists. These memoirs throw light on the issue and enable us to assess various nuances of student unrest and to understand motivations underlying events of the early 20th century.
Sentimental Traditions in M. N. Makarov’s “Letters of a Russian Traveler” (1805 and 1824)
Authors: Тангаева Н.И. 
Published: April 2022

В статье анализируются малоизвестные журнальные публикации М. Н. Макарова начала XIX века в аспекте их преемственности традициям сентиментализма. Сочинения Макарова «Несколько писем русского путешественника из Англии в Россию» (1805) и «Август Адольф Фридерик Десалверт» (1824) рассматриваются с опорой на повествовательную структуру прозы Н. М. Карамзина. Повести Макарова представляют интерес для исследования, по крайней мере, в двух аспектах: во-первых, в контексте его малоизученной прозы; во-вторых, как свидетельство влияния карамзинской повествовательной традиции. В ходе сопоставительного анализа опубликованных анонимно сочинений Макарова (атрибутировано В. Э. Вацуро) установлены прямые параллели с сюжетно-повествовательной структурой повестей Карамзина «Бедная Лиза» и «Остров Борнгольм». В названных произведениях Макарова обнаружены ключевые особенности сентиментального повествования: следование жанровой структуре автобиографических жанров, путевого очерка, дневниковых записей, использование типичных мотивов: случайная встреча, влюбленность, угроза разлуки, совместные прогулки, враждебная природа, болезнь, сон, соблазнение и др. Образный ряд произведений восходит к рыцарской и сентиментальной поэтике. Исследование показало продуктивность сформированных в сентиментальной прозе Карамзина тем и мотивов для русской литературы последующего периода.
The article analyzes little-known journal publications of the early 19th century, namely M. N. Makarov’s “Several Letters of a Russian Traveler from England to Russia” (1805) and “August Adolf Friederike Desalvert” (1824), through the prism of continuity of traditions of sentimentalism characteristic of N. M. Karamzin’s prosaic works. Being underinvestigated and honoring N. M. Karamzin’s narrative legacy, M. N. Makarov’s novellas are research-worthy. A comparative analysis of these texts, whose authorship has been attributed to M. N. Makarov by V. E. Vatsuro, enables us to trace parallel story lines in M. N. Makarov’s novellas and in N. M. Karamzin’s “Poor Lisa” and “Bornholm Island”. M. N. Makarov’s “Several Letters of a Russian Traveler from England to Russia” and “August Adolf Friederike Desalvert” reek of sentimentalism and are characterized by genre-imposed confines (autobiographical essay, travel essay, diary entries), cliché motifs (chance meeting, falling in love, the threat of separation, joint walks, hostile nature, illness, sleep, seduction, etc.), the use of chivalric and sentimental imagery. The research shows that N. M. Karamzin’s sentimental legacy played a major role in shaping literary traditions of the centuries to come.
Conclusion. Des images cartographiques aux images temporelles de la grotte
Authors: Delannoy Jean-Jacques , Geneste Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2022

Ce premier ouvrage de la Monographie de la grotte Chauvet-Pont
d’Arc a pour objectif de présenter l’esprit des recherches menées dans la grotte
Chauvet. Il s’inscrit dans une approche résolument intégrée, qui prend soin de traiter
chacun des objets étudiés dans son contexte, spatial, temporel, culturel, et de considérer
les paysages souterrains comme une construction mêlant faits naturels et actions
anthropiques. Cette démarche s’est construite tout au long de vingt années de recherche de
l’équipe scientifique. La schématisation chrono-systémique permet d’inscrire dans un même
visuel les temporalités de la grotte, certaines remontant à plusieurs millions d’années,
d’autres à quelques fractions de secondes. La frise chrono-systémique favorise plusieurs
lectures des événements qui ont marqué l’histoire de la grotte, en fonction des objets et
des problématiques de recherche. Elle répond au principe de l’ouvrage, qui veut croiser
les regards disciplinaires sur les phénomènes qui ont façonné les paysages souterrains. En
mettant en miroir les valeurs patrimoniales de la grotte avec les strates successives des
« temps » de la nature, des humains et des non humains, elle permet de souligner les
événements qui font sens dans la construction de ce site en tant que mémoire de l’humanité
et des interrelations entre les humains et leur environnement « naturel ». L’élaboration
de l’atlas d’une grotte ornée est une étape majeure de la prise de conscience patrimoniale
du site. La représentation anthropologique de la grotte Chauvet qui résulte de la démarche
de cet ouvrage intègre désormais les différentes dimensions naturalistes du site originel
mais aussi les différentes composantes d’une longue fréquentation culturelle qui fera
l’objet des volumes suivants.
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Artisanal Gold Mining Activities on the Waters and Sediments Around Meli, Northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Weleabzgi Brhanemeskel , Alemayehu Tewodros , Estifanos Samual 
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the environmental impact of artisanal gold mining activities on the waters and sediments around Meli, northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia. Stream sediment, water, and tailing samples were collected in the dry season in January of 2019 and analyzed for heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, and As. The physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, major cations, and anions) of a few water samples were also measured. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the level of the metals in stream sediments. The results show that tailing has the highest concentration of metals followed by the stream sediments. The least concentrations are recorded in water for all metals. Pb has the highest mean concentration of all heavy metals in stream sediments, waters, and tailing samples. The mean Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and Contamination Factor (CF) suggest that the sediment represents uncontaminated to moderately contaminated classes. Concentrations of Cu and Zn in the water samples are generally within the maximum allowable concentration of the WHO, whereas concentrations of Pb and As are above the limit. Metal Index for surface and groundwater suggests that the area is polluted with heavy metals Pb and As. The main sources of the metals are assumed to be the sulfide ores facilitated by natural weathering processes and artisanal mining activities like excavations, crushing, grinding, and amalgamation processes. The Gibbs and Durov plots show that major hydrogeochemical processes controlling the water chemistry are water-rock interactions with considerable mixing of water types.
Management of chronic asthma -a personal view
Authors: Willey Richard F 
Published: April 2022

The word ASTHMA is of Greek origin, meaning "breathless" or "to breathe with open mouth", and was originally applied to breathlessness of any cause. An accurate and comprehensive definition has proved far more elusive than expected, but from a clinician's viewpoint the currently most acceptable is that asthma is a disease characterised by wide variations over short periods of time in resistance to flow in intrapulmonary airways, The definition implies objective measurement and 15-20% variation is a significant level. This vague definition avoids the problem of dividing patients absolutely into categories of asthma and chronic bronchitis and then debating whether patients with chronic bronchitis have reversible airways disease. Even if symptoms suggest bronchitis, the finding of significant variation in resistance to airflow means that asthma co-exists and patients should be regarded as having "chronic bronchitis with asthmatic features."
Difficulties with regard to definition make accurate assessment of the prevalence of the disease impossible and there are wide variations in the results of surveys in general practice. However, this is a common disease with a cumulative prevalence of up to about 5% in the United Kingdom.
Triceps brachii muscle architecture, upper-body rate of force development, and bench press maximum strength of strong and weak trained participants
Authors: Zaras Nikolaos , Stasinaki Angeliki-Nikoletta , Spiliopoulou Polyxeni , Mpampoulis Thomas , Terzis Gerasimos 
Published: April 2022

Purpose.The study aim was: (a) to investigate the relationship between triceps brachii muscle architecture and upperbody isometric rate of force development (RFD), isometric peak force (IPF), and maximum strength (one-repetition maximum, 1-RM) in bench press and (b) to explore whether triceps brachii architecture might determine RFD, IPF, and 1-RM strength in stronger and weaker participants.Methods.The study involved 21 males (age: 22.6 ± 4.7 years, weight: 76.6 ± 10.2 kg, height: 1.79 ± 0.07 m) with 3.4 ± 2.1 years of experience in resistance training. They were divided into a strong and weak group depending on their relative 1-RM strength in bench press. Measurements included triceps brachii muscle architecture, upper-body isometric RFD, IPF, and 1-RM strength in bench press.Results.Moderate to large correlations were found for triceps brachii thickness and fascicle angle with upper-body RFD (<i>r</i>: 0.379–0.627), IPF (<i>r</i>: 0.582 and 0.564, respectively), and 1-RM strength in bench press (<i>r</i>: 0.530 and 0.412, respectively). Maximum strength in bench press was largely correlated with IPF (<i>r</i> = 0.816); moderate to very large correlations were observed with RFD (<i>r</i>: 0.499–0.725). The strong group presented significantly higher 1-RM relative strength, RFD, and IPF (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than the weak group, but no significant between-group difference was found for triceps brachii architecture (<i>p</i> > 0.05).Conclusions.Triceps brachii architecture correlates with 1-RM strength, upper-body RFD, and IPF in trained participants. However, triceps brachii architecture may not distinguish upper-body strength and RFD between stronger and weaker male participants.
Spontaneous Resolution Of Arrhythmia in Propafenone Intoxication: A Rare Case Report
Authors: YILMAZ Tuğçe , OSOYDAN SATICI Merve , İSLAM Mehmet Muzaffer , ÖZDEMİR Serdar , EROĞLU Serkan Emre , AKSEL Gökhan 
Published: April 2022

Propafenone toxicity is rare but poses a life-threatening condition due to malignant arrhythmias.
However, there is currently no recommended standard specific treatment or antidote. In our case,
we presented a young patient with transient cardiac toxicity and spontaneous recovery in her follow
up after taking high-dose propafenone for suicide attempt. Electrocardiography showed sinus
rhythm with prolongation of PR interval with 240 ms, QRS width 160 ms, and corrected QT
interval QTc with 498 ms; Terminal R wave observed in leads V1 and aVR and metabolic acidosis
was also observed at the time of admission. In patient’s follow up, sodium bicarbonate and lipid
emulsion treatment was planned but did not applied due to the resolution of cardiotoxic arrhythmia
in 30 minutes after her admission, and metabolic acidemia was observed to regress with supportive
treatment. In conclusion, propofenone intoxication, like other class 1C antiarrhythmics, is a life-
threatening, rarely reported toxicity that complicates clinical decisions. It is critical to be aware that
propofenone overdose can be fatal, and is also essential to remember that, despite the lack of an
antidote, total recovery can be accomplished with constant monitoring and supportive treatment.
High-resolution land use and land cover dataset for regional climate modelling: a plant functional type map for Europe 2015
Authors: Reinhart Vanessa , Hoffmann Peter , Rechid Diana , Böhner Jürgen , Bechtel Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The concept of plant functional types (PFTs) is shown to be beneficial in representing the complexity of plant characteristics in land use and climate change studies using regional climate models (RCMs). By representing land use and land cover (LULC) as functional traits, responses and effects of specific plant communities can be directly coupled to the lowest atmospheric layers. To meet the requirements of RCMs for realistic LULC distribution, we developed a PFT dataset for Europe (LANDMATE PFT Version 1.0; http://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/LM_PFT_LandCov_EUR2015_v1.0, Reinhart et al., 2021b). The dataset is based on the high-resolution European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA-CCI) land cover dataset and is further improved through the additional use of climate information. Within the LANDMATE – LAND surface Modifications and its feedbacks on local and regional cliMATE – PFT dataset, satellite-based LULC information and climate data are combined to create the representation of the diverse plant communities and their functions in the respective regional ecosystems while keeping the dataset most flexible for application in RCMs. Each LULC class of ESA-CCI is translated into PFT or PFT fractions including climate information by using the Holdridge life zone concept. Through consideration of regional climate data, the resulting PFT map for Europe is regionally customized. A thorough evaluation of the LANDMATE PFT dataset is done using a comprehensive ground truth database over the European continent. The assessment shows that the dominant LULC types, cropland and woodland, are well represented within the dataset, while uncertainties are found for some less represented LULC types. The LANDMATE PFT dataset provides a realistic, high-resolution LULC distribution for implementation in RCMs and is used as a basis for the Land Use and Climate Across Scales (LUCAS) Land Use Change (LUC) dataset which is available for use as LULC change input for RCM experiment set-ups focused on investigating LULC change impact.
Prevalence and Correlates of Internet Gaming Disorder Among an Advanced Level Student Population from Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: Manchanayake Minura Manjitha , Malsirini Thalpe Guruge Madara , Vithanage Ashan Manelka , Jayawardene Dushyanthi 
Published: April 2022

Background: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is on the rise in many developing countries owing to the increasing popularity of electronic gaming and technology availability among adolescents. Despite this, the epidemiology of IGD in South Asia remains largely unknown. Hence, we aimed to determine the prevalence and associations of IGD in a Sri Lankan school-going population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Advanced Level students aged 16-18 years, attending four schools in the Colombo Educational Zone. Random Cluster sampling was used to recruit 395 participants who filled a pretested questionnaire exploring gaming habits, motives, and psychosocial factors. English and Sinhala versions of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) were used and IGD was identified if ?5 items in the scale were endorsed. The Sinhala IGDS9-SF demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability and its factorial validity was affirmed via Confirmatory Factor Analysis.
Results: 81.5% (n=322) of the sample consisted of gamers, a majority of whom preferred mobile gaming (64.0%) and Multiplayer Battle Royale games (27.0%). The prevalence of IGD was 5.06% (95% CI = 2.90–7.22) and was significantly higher (p<0.05) among males who constituted 52.4% of the sample. Daily weekday gaming for ?6h, low involvement in student societies, poor relationship with parents, Escape motive and Fantasy motive were positively associated, and the Competition motive was negatively associated with IGD in multivariable analyses done using binary logistic regression.
Conclusion: The prevalence of IGD was considerably high in our population and is associated with specific motives, poor parent-child relationship, and low extra-curricular involvement.
Исследование и моделирование цифровых антенных решеток с направленными элементами по азимуту и углу места при распространении ОВЧ-сигналов с потерями за счет дифракции
Authors: Нечаев Юрий Борисович , Пешков Илья Владимирович 
Published: April 2022

Рассматривается проблема использования цифровых антенных решеток (ЦАР) c направленными элементами для УКВ диапазона. Распространение УКВ волн сопряжено такими трудностями, как затухание, рассеяние, а также дифракция, одним из способов преодоления которых может стать цифровое формирование луча в азимутальной и угломестных плоскостях. В работе представлены результаты моделирования распространения сигналов на трассе г. Елец – г. Липецк в предположении, что на передающей стороне используется симметричный диполь, а кольцевая (КАР) и полудодекаэдрическая формы расположения направленных элементов Яги – Уда на приемной ЦАР. Используется метод Эпштейна – Петерсона совместно с моделью одиночного клиновидного препятствия Международного союза электросвязи (МСЭ) для вычисления общих дифракционных потерь. Оценивается вероятность битовых ошибок в зависимости от мощности передатчика, а также в присутствии тринадцати изолированных клиновидных препятствий, расположенных на трассе распространения длиной 70 км.

БлагодарностиИсследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и Липецкой области в рамках научного проекта № 20-47-480002.
A Sociological Analysis Of The Relationship Between Inheritance Rights Of Females And Domestic Violence In District Bhakkar
Authors: Jswd Jswd , Asghar Arslan , Hussain Musarrat , Safdar Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Domestic violence is one of the serious crimes against women which are associated with their disadvantageous position in society. Women are prone to suffer multiple forms of this maltreatment such as social, verbal, emotional, economic, or physical violence due to different factors. The present study, based on primary data which was collected from District Bhakakr of Pakistan, deals with the relationship between domestic violence and inheritance rights of women. Data were collected from 150 respondents using a convenient sampling technique with the help of an interview schedule and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software. The data indicated that females are suffering domestic violence due to rights of inheritance in a sense that only 20.7 percent of respondents’ families are willing to give the inheritance share to their daughters and 56.7 percent of respondents are forced by their in-laws to get their part of the inheritance from their family. It has been found that 45.3 percent of females suffer domestic violence due to inheritance rights and 63.3 percent of respondents are suffering economic violence in addition to facing unfair and cruel comments by their in-laws. The present study confirms a strong relationship between female rights of inheritance and domestic violence.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT INSULIN REGIMENS IN DIABETIC PREGNANT PATIENTS- A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Sabir Samina aliya , Kamran Qudsia , Abbas Ghulam 
Published: April 2022

INSULIN REGIMENS IN DIABETES CONTROL IN PREGNANT PATIENTS-A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Ist Author Samina Aliya Sabir, 2nd Author Dr Qudsia Qazi, 3rd Dr Ghulam Abbas, Dr Laila Zeb
Correspondence Author: Dr Sumaira Yasmin

ABSTRACT:
Objective:
To compare the effectiveness of basal bolus and Premixed insulin regimen in gestational and type 2 diabetics in low resource setting.

Methodology:
This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Lady Reading Hospital (LRH) Peshawar over a period of one year.
Total of 100 patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were included in the study. 50 were allocated to each group by non probability convenient sampling . One group was given basal bolus regimen and the other group was given Premixed regimen. The patients were put on insulin according to body weight after the first 24 hour blood sugar profile.
Results: The two groups were similar for maternal age, gestational age, gravidity, mean blood glucose in first 24 hours as shown in Table1. There was a rapid control of blood sugar, on day 7 in basal bolus with Mean Blood Glucose (MBG) 152 mg/dl as compared to Premixed split regimen which was 192.42mg/dl with a ‘p’ value of 0.000 as shown in Table 2.
Conclusion: The Basal bolus regimen is effective, cheaper and easily accessible way of controlling blood sugar in our set up.
Key words: Multiple dose Insulin, Mean blood glucose, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
CHARACTERIZATION OF PREVALENT ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS GENOTYPES THROUGH MODIFIED PCR-RFLP TECHNIQUE
Authors: Basharat Nosheen , Ansari Sajid Hamid , Khan Jadoon , Gul Amina , Ali Ijaz 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic, neglected tropical disease caused by various genotypes of cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Although, echinococcosis causes enormous financial and health impacts, no gold standard diagnostic technique is available. Genetic characterization of these prevalent cestode at species level is essential for disease management and appropriate control measures.
Objective:
We aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of echinococcus granulosus using a modified Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) based assay in infected population.
Methodology:
A total of 18 human hydatid cyst samples were collected from various hospitals of Southern Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory region of Pakistan. Extracted DNA was used for PCR amplification of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (Nad1) gene followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis using Molecular evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA) Software. The entire sequences were fed into NEBcutter V2.0 to select a single restriction enzyme followed by invitro confirmation through PCR-RFLP.
Results:
Amplification on the Nad1 gene was observed in 100% of the samples processed. The Basic Local Alignment Tool (BLAST) and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed 83.3% E. granulosus (G1-G3 genotypes), 11.1% E. multilocularis and 5.6% E. Canadensis (G6 genotype). The use of the BfaI enzyme in PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that all of the 18 samples were assigned consecutive genotypes as observed in the sequencing.
Conclusion:
The current study concluded that the BfaI enzyme could be used for the genotypic analysis of echinococcosis in developing and frequently affected countries. It will be a cost-effective and easy technique compared to sequencing, which will aid in developing novel therapeutic and control strategies for the parasite.