bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isotropic random spin weighted functions on 𝑆² vs isotropic random fields on 𝑆³
Authors: Stecconi Michele 
Published: November 2022

We show that an isotropic random field on

S
U
(
2
)

SU(2)

is not necessarily isotropic as a random field on

S
3

S^3

, although the two spaces can be identified. The ambiguity is due to the fact that the notion of isotropy on a group and on a sphere are different, the latter being much stronger. We show that any isotropic random field on

S
3

S^3

is necessarily a superposition of uncorrelated random harmonic homogeneous polynomials, such that the one of degree

d
d

is necessarily a superposition of uncorrelated random spin weighted functions of every possible spin weight in the range

{

−

d
2

,
…
,

d
2

}

\bigl \{-\frac {d}{2},\dots ,\frac {d}{2}\bigr \}

, each of which is isotropic in the sense of

S
U
(
2
)

SU(2)

. Moreover, for a random field of fixed degree, each spin weight appears with the same magnitude, in a sense to be specified.

In addition we will give an overview of the theory of spin weighted functions and Wigner

D
D

-matrices, with the purpose of gathering together many different points of view and adding ours. As a byproduct of this survey we will prove some new properties of the Wigner matrices and a formula relating the operators

ð

ð
¯

\eth \overline {\eth }

and the horizontal Laplacian of the Hopf fibration

S
3

→

S
2

S^3\to S^2

, in the sense of [Bérard Bergery and Bourguignon, Illinois J. Math. 26 (1982), no. 2, 181–200.]
Using in vivo functional and structural connectivity to predict chronic stroke aphasia deficits
Authors: Zhao Ying , Cox Christopher R , Lambon Ralph Matthew A , Halai Ajay D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Focal brain damage caused by stroke can result in aphasia and advances in cognitive neuroscience suggest that impairment may be associated with network-level disorder rather than just circumscribed cortical damage. Several studies have shown meaningful relationships between brain–behaviour using lesions; however, only a handful of studies have incorporated in vivo structural and functional connectivity. Patients with chronic post-stroke aphasia were assessed with structural (n = 68) and functional (n = 39) MRI to assess whether predicting performance can be improved with multiple modalities and if additional variance can be explained compared to lesion models alone. These neural measurements were used to construct models to predict four key language-cognitive factors: (i) phonology; (ii) semantics; (iii) executive function; and (iv) fluency. Our results showed that each factor (except executive ability) could be significantly related to each neural measurement alone; however, structural and functional connectivity models did not explain additional variance above the lesion models. We did find evidence that the structural and functional predictors may be linked to the core lesion sites. First, the predictive functional connectivity features were found to be located within functional resting-state networks identified in healthy controls, suggesting that the result might reflect functionally specific reorganization (damage to a node within a network can result in disruption to the entire network). Second, predictive structural connectivity features were located within core lesion sites, suggesting that multimodal information may be redundant in prediction modelling. In addition, we observed that the optimum sparsity within the regularized regression models differed for each behavioural component and across different imaging features, suggesting that future studies should consider optimizing hyperparameters related to sparsity per target. Together, the results indicate that the observed network-level disruption was predicted by the lesion alone and does not significantly improve model performance in predicting the profile of language impairment.
Glycolysis regulates neuronal excitability via lactate receptor, HCA1R
Authors: Skwarzynska Daria , Sun Huayu , Williamson John , Kasprzak Izabela , Kapur Jaideep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Repetitively firing neurons during seizures accelerate glycolysis to meet energy demand, which leads to the accumulation of extracellular glycolytic by-product lactate. Here, we demonstrate that lactate rapidly modulates neuronal excitability in times of metabolic stress via the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor type 1 (HCA1R) to modify seizure activity.
The extracellular lactate concentration, measured by a biosensor, rose quickly during brief and prolonged seizures. In two epilepsy models, mice lacking HCA1R (lactate receptor) were more susceptible to developing seizures. Moreover, HCA1R deficient (knockout) mice developed longer and more severe seizures than wild-type littermates. Lactate perfusion decreased tonic and phasic activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in genetically encoded calcium indicator 7 imaging experiments. HCA1R agonist 3-chloro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (3CL-HBA) reduced the activity of CA1 neurons in HCA1R WT but not in knockout mice. In patch-clamp recordings, both lactate and 3CL-HBA hyperpolarized CA1 pyramidal neurons. HCA1R activation reduced the spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current frequency and altered the paired-pulse ratio of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in HCA1R wild-type but not in knockout mice, suggesting it diminished presynaptic release of excitatory neurotransmitters.
Overall, our studies demonstrate that excessive neuronal activity accelerates glycolysis to generate lactate, which translocates to the extracellular space to slow neuronal firing and inhibit excitatory transmission via HCA1R. These studies may identify novel anticonvulsant target and seizure termination mechanisms.
“My Islam be Black”: resisting erasure, silence, and marginality at the intersection of race and religion
Authors: Abdalla Marwa I 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study explores practices of digitally mediated critique and resistance at the intersection of race and religion. Drawing on theories of intersectionality, silence, erasure, and marginality, I analyze discourses from three online communities focused on Black Muslim experiences within the US. Against the backdrop of systemic anti-Black racism and Islamophobia, my analysis highlights themes related to the (re)centering of Black Muslim experiences to resist the invisibility resulting from dominant assumptions about Muslim identity. Based on these findings, I argue interrogations of unity play an important role in challenging such invisibility. I discuss the implications these findings have for theorizing the intra-categorical complexity inherent in marginalized groups and conclude by identifying future work to advance our understanding of this complexity in global contexts.
Developing a tool for community involvement in water policy decision-making using strategic environmental assessments and serious games
Authors: Ponok Nittaya , Arunrat Noppol , Pumijumnong Nathsuda , Hamasaki Hironori , Stewart Thomas Neal , Sereenonchai Sukanya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Water policy decision-making is hindered by limited involvement and understanding of the issues by the affected community members. This study demonstrates that implementing a serious game concept to explain Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) can improve a community’s knowledge and skill in water policy decision-making. The authors developed a tool called SEA Game and Simulation using the MIT App Inventor and participatory techniques. The developed tool was implemented among 39 community members in the East Coast River Basin of Thailand. Key findings indicated a significant improvement in the participants’ knowledge of SEA and skill in water policy decision-making. Results from implementing the tool were dependent on the background of the participants and the context of the events. Further studies related to developing sustainable measures from SEA in community sectors should be considered.
A novel selective spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor SKI-O-703 (cevidoplenib) ameliorates lupus nephritis and serum-induced arthritis in murine models
Authors: Cho Somi , Jang Eunkyeong , Yoon Taeyoung , Hwang Haejun , Youn Jeehee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) plays a pivotal role in the activation of B cells and innate inflammatory cells by transducing immune receptor-triggered signals. Dysregulated activity of Syk is implicated in the development of antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis, but the effect of Syk inhibition on such diseases remains to be fully evaluated. We have developed a novel selective Syk inhibitor, SKI-O-592, and its orally bioavailable salt form, SKI-O-703 (cevidoplenib). To examine the efficacy of SKI-O-703 on the progression of SLE, New Zealand black/white mice at the autoimmunity-established phase were administrated orally with SKI-O-703 for 16 weeks. Levels of IgG autoantibody, proteinuria, and glomerulonephritis fell significantly, and this was associated with hypoactivation of follicular B cells via the germinal center. In a model of serum-transferred arthritis, SKI-O-703 significantly ameliorated synovitis, with fewer neutrophils and macrophages infiltrated into the synovial tissue. This effect was recapitulated when mice otherwise refractory to anti-TNF therapy were treated by TNF blockade combined with a suboptimal dose of SKI-O-703. These results demonstrate that the novel selective Syk inhibitor SKI-O-703 attenuates the progression of autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases by inhibiting both autoantibody-producing and autoantibody-sensing cells.
Brain recognition of previously learned versus novel temporal sequences: a differential simultaneous processing
Authors: Bonetti L , Brattico E , Bruzzone S E P , Donati G , Deco G , Pantazis D , Vuust P , Kringelbach M L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Memory for sequences is a central topic in neuroscience, and decades of studies have investigated the neural mechanisms underlying the coding of a wide array of sequences extended over time. Yet, little is known on the brain mechanisms underlying the recognition of previously memorized versus novel temporal sequences. Moreover, the differential brain processing of single items in an auditory temporal sequence compared to the whole superordinate sequence is not fully understood. In this magnetoencephalography (MEG) study, the items of the temporal sequence were independently linked to local and rapid (2–8 Hz) brain processing, while the whole sequence was associated with concurrent global and slower (0.1–1 Hz) processing involving a widespread network of sequentially active brain regions. Notably, the recognition of previously memorized temporal sequences was associated to stronger activity in the slow brain processing, while the novel sequences required a greater involvement of the faster brain processing. Overall, the results expand on well-known information flow from lower- to higher order brain regions. In fact, they reveal the differential involvement of slow and faster whole brain processing to recognize previously learned versus novel temporal information.
Outcomes in small children on Berlin Heart EXCOR support: age and body surface area as clinical predictive factors
Authors: Rohde Sofie , Sandica Eugen , Veen Kevin , Kraemer Ulrike S , Thiruchelvam Timothy , Miera Oliver , Lopez Maria L Polo , Sliwka Joanna , Amodeo Antonio , Bogers Ad J J C , de By Theo M M H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The Berlin Heart EXCOR (BHE) offers circulatory support across all paediatric ages. Clinically, the necessary care and the outcomes differ in various age groups. The EUROMACS database was used to study age- and size-related outcomes for this specific device.

METHODS
All patients &lt;19 years of age from the EUROMACS database supported with a BHE between 2000 and November 2021 were included. Maximally selected rank statistics were used to determine body surface area (BSA) cut-off values. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression using ridge penalization was performed to identify factors associated with outcomes.

RESULTS
In total, 303 patients were included [mean age: 2.0 years (interquartile range: 0.6–8.0, males: 48.5%)]. Age and BSA were not significantly associated with mortality (n = 74, P = 0.684, P = 0.679). Factors associated with a transplant (n = 175) were age (hazard ratio 1.07, P = 0.006) and aetiology other than congenital heart disease (hazard ratio 1.46, P = 0.020). Recovery rates (n = 42) were highest in patients with a BSA of &lt;0.53 m2 (21.8% vs 4.3–7.6% at 1 year, P = 0.00534). Patients with a BSA of ≥0.73 m2 had a lower risk of early pump thrombosis but a higher risk of early bleeding compared to children with a BSA of &lt;0.73 m2.

CONCLUSIONS
Mortality rates in Berlin Heart-supported patients cannot be predicted by age or BSA. Recovery rates are remarkably high in the smallest patient category (BSA &lt;0.53 m2). This underscores that the BHE is a viable therapeutic option, even for the smallest and youngest patients.
Public speaking goes to China: cultural discourses of circulation
Authors: Boromisza-Habashi David , Fang Yaqiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCultural discourse theory’s (CDT) strength is accounting for cultural differences between historically transmitted expressive systems. In its current form, the theory is not set up to account for the mobility of particular communication practices across cultural boundaries. Relying on CDT’s conception of communication practices as discursive resources for social interaction, we extend the theory’s explanatory power by investigating how speakers constitute the value and movements of a particular resource: the speech genre of public speaking. We performed a cultural discourse analysis (CuDA) of public speaking’s circulation between the United States and China to show that value ascriptions constituted divergent cultural discourses of circulation together with key symbols (such as “localization” and suzhi) and explicit metacultural commentary. These cultural discourses have an accelerative function on the dissemination side of circulation, and an integrative function on the replication side. Thus, cultural discourses of circulation communicatively constitute the mobility of particular discursive resources.
The Doubling Method in Algebraic Families
Authors: Girsch Johannes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We define the doubling zeta integral for smooth families of representations of classical groups. Following this we prove a rationality result for these zeta integrals and show that they satisfy a functional equation. Moreover, we show that there exists an appropriate normalizing factor that allows us to construct $\gamma $-factors for smooth families out of the functional equation. We prove that under certain hypothesis, specializing this $\gamma $-factor at a point of the family yields the $\gamma $-factor defined by Piateski–Shapiro and Rallis.
Schubert Products for Permutations with Separated Descents
Authors: Huang Daoji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe say that two permutations $\pi $ and $\rho $ have separated descents at position $k$ if $\pi $ has no descents before position $k$ and $\rho $ has no descents after position $k$. We give a counting formula, in terms of reduced word tableaux, for computing the structure constants of products of Schubert polynomials indexed by permutations with separated descents, and recognize that these structure constants are certain Edelman–Greene coefficients. Our approach uses generalizations of Schützenberger’s jeu de taquin algorithm and the Edelman–Greene correspondence via bumpless pipe dreams.
Recent topics regarding macrophage in the central nervous system
Authors: Masuda Takahiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe central nervous system (CNS) is a highly complex collection of neurons with a variety of stromal cells, such as glia cells, immune cells, vascular cells and fibroblasts. Microglia are a resident macrophage and a type of glial cells located in the parenchyma of the CNS and play a pivotal role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. They are early responders to the abnormality of the CNS, leading to the adaptation of their phenotypes by virtue of their plasticity, after which they give an impact on neuronal functions. Besides microglia, there are anatomically and phenotypically distinct macrophage populations at the border of the CNS, such as meninge, perivascular space and choroid plexus, where they show distinct morphology and gene expression profiles when compared with microglia. This review will summarize the recent advance in our knowledge regarding their heterogeneity, plasticity, ontogenetic relationship of these CNS-resident macrophage populations.
Computational properties of finite PNmatrices
Authors: Filipe Pedro , Marcelino Sérgio , Caleiro Carlos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recent compositionality results in logic have highlighted the advantages of enlarging the traditional notion of logical matrix semantics, namely by incorporating non-determinism and partiality. Still, several important properties which are known to be computable for finite logical matrices have not been studied in the wider context of partial non-deterministic matrices (PNmatrices). In this paper, we study how incorporating non-determinism and/or partiality in logical matrices impacts on the computational properties of some natural problems regarding their induced logics and concretely their sets of theorems. We show that, while for some of these problems there is no relevant computational impact, there are problems whose computational complexity increases and still other problems that simply become undecidable. In particular, we show that the problem of checking whether the logics characterized by two finite PNmatrices have the same set of theorems is not decidable. This undecidability result explores the connection between PNmatrices and term-DAG-automata, where the universality problem is known to be undecidable. This link also motivates a final contribution, in the form of a pumping-like lemma, which can be used, in some cases, to show that a given logic cannot be characterized by a finite PNmatrix.
Extreme value statistics of the halo and stellar mass distributions at high redshift: are JWST results in tension with ΛCDM?
Authors: Lovell Christopher C , Harrison Ian , Harikane Yuichi , Tacchella Sandro , Wilkins Stephen M 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The distribution of dark matter halo masses can be accurately predicted in the lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology. The presence of a single massive halo or galaxy at a particular redshift, assuming some baryon and stellar fraction for the latter, can therefore be used to test the underlying cosmological model. A number of recent measurements of very large galaxy stellar masses at high redshift (z &gt; 8) motivate an investigation into whether any of these objects are in tension with ΛCDM. We use extreme value statistics to generate confidence regions in the mass–redshift plane for the most extreme mass haloes and galaxies. Tests against numerical models show no tension, neither in their dark matter halo masses nor their galaxy stellar masses. However, we find tentative &gt;3σ tension with recent observational determinations of galaxy masses at high redshift from both Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Space Telescope, despite using conservative estimates for the stellar fraction (f⋆ ∼ 1). Either these galaxies are in tension with ΛCDM, or there are unaccounted for uncertainties in their stellar mass or redshift estimates.
Search for coronal temperature variation in Seyfert galaxies
Authors: Pal Indrani , Stalin C S 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
While the temperature of the X-ray corona (kTe) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is known for many sources, its variation if any is limited to a handful of objects. This is in part due to the requirement of good signal-to-noise X-ray spectra, covering a wide range of energies. We present here results on the X-ray spectral analysis of 18 Seyferts, having more than one epoch of observations to look for variation in kTe. The data for a total of 52 epochs on these 18 AGNs were taken from observations carried out by NuSTAR in the 3−79 keV energy band. From phenomenological and physical model fits to the multiepoch data on these 18 sources from NuSTAR, we could constrain the cut-off energy (Ecut) in a large fraction of the sources. Also, from Comptonized model fits we could obtain kTe for our sample. Of the 18 sources, at the 90 per cent confidence level, evidence for variation in kTe was found for only one source namely MCG + 08-11-011. For this source between two epochs, separated by about 5 yr, we found kTe to decrease from 57$^{+29}_{-16}$ to 30$^{+11}_{-7}$ keV. During the same period, the flux decreased from (12.60 to 14.02) × 10−11 erg cm−2 s−1 and the optical depth increased from 1.68 to 2.73. We thus found a positive correlation between flux and coronal temperature with a reduction of about 40 per cent in optical depth. Our observations tend to favour the vertically outflowing corona scenario for the observed variation in kTe in MCG + 08-11-011.
Lofting of low-speed ejecta produced in the DART experiment and production of a dust cloud
Authors: Tancredi Gonzalo , Liu Po-Yen , Campo-Bagatin Adriano , Moreno Fernando , Domínguez Bruno 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
NASA sent the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission to impact Dimorphos, the satellite of the asteroid binary system (65803) Didymos. DART will release LICIACube prior to impact to obtain high-resolution post-impact images. The impact will produce a crater and a large amount of material ejected at high speed (several tens of m s−1), producing an ejecta cone that will quickly disperse. We analysed an additional effect: the lofting of material at low velocity due to the generation of seismic waves that propagate inside Dimorphos, producing surface shaking far from the impact point. We divide the process into different stages: from the generation of impact-induced waves, the interaction of them with surface particles, the ejection of dust particles at velocities, and the prediction of the observability of the dust coma and trail. We anticipate the following observable effects: (i) generation of a dust cloud that will produce a hazy appearance of Dimorphos’ surface, detectable by LICIACube; (ii) brightness increase of the binary system due to enhancement of the cross-section produced by the dust cloud; (iii) generation of a dust trail, similar to those observed in some Active Asteroids, which can last for several weeks after impact. Numerical prediction of the detectability of these effects depends on the amount and size distribution of ejected particles, which are largely unknown. In case these effects are observable, an inversion method can be applied to compute the amount of ejected material and its velocity distribution, and discuss the relevance of the shaking process.