bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Friction dynamics of human hair treated with water or cationic surfactant aqueous solution
Authors: Sano Momoka , Mayama Hiroyuki , Nonomura Yoshimune 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCationic surfactants are adsorbed on the surface of human hair and exhibit a lubricating effect. Here, we evaluated the friction when the hair treated with water or 1 wt% cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) aqueous solution was rubbed by a contact probe equipped in a sinusoidal motion friction evaluation system. Because of the rough structure of the cuticle on the human hair surface, an oscillatory phenomenon with a frequency of 50–70 Hz was observed when untreated hair was rubbed with a contact probe. On the other hand, the oscillatory phenomenon was not observed when the hair contained a large amount of water because stick–slip phenomena were inhibited on the soft, swollen hair surface. Furthermore, the change in kinetic friction coefficient and delay time, which is a normalized value of the time difference between the reaction of the friction force to accelerated motion, from untreated hair, Δμk and Δδ, was almost zero. However, we found a large difference in Δμk and Δδ for the hair treated with cationic surfactant aqueous solution. The treatment with cationic surfactant reduced both friction parameters, Δμk and Δδ, indicating that the treatment induced not only the frictional force but also the profile at the beginning of frictional sliding. The significant lubrication is due to cationic surfactant adsorption on the hair surface. These data imply that the smoothness of hair treated with a cationic surfactant is related to a reduction in friction coefficient and delay time δ.
A safe and effective surgical method for complex pyriform sinus fistula
Authors: Li Yun , Yue Huijun , Lei Guoqing , Wei Fanqin , Wang Zhangfeng , Zhu Xiaolin , Lei Wenbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to propose a new surgical method for the treatment of pyriform fistula, especially for the complex pyriform fistula.MethodsA total of 36 patients with pyriform fistula underwent the procedure between August 2017 to October 2020. Surgery was performed by the senior authors using the same technique at the same clinical center for all patients. The median follow‐up time was 33 months. Meantime, we collected information on patients with pyriform fistula using traditional surgical methods in our hospital from April 2015 to November 2018 for comparison.ResultsThe surgery was successfully completed in 36 patients. In all, 32 patients had a history of multiple incisions and drainage, 16 patients had a history of surgical resections, and two patients had a history of cauterization of the internal fistula. Compared with traditional surgical methods, our new surgical method greatly shortens the length of the surgical incision (4.3 vs. 5.5, p < 0.0001), reduces the operation time (8.1 vs. 27.1, p < 0.0001), and reduces the blood loss (103.2 vs. 196.8, p < 0.0001). None of the 36 patients in this study had complications such as pharyngeal fistula, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, or hypothyroidism. The mean follow‐up duration after the excision of the lesion was 34.1 months. To date, no patients have relapsed.ConclusionOur experience showed that this surgical technique could be used to completely remove the fistula, and it was easier to perform than the conventional strategies. These treatment options result in less trauma and reliable results, especially for complex pyriform fistulas.Level of evidenceIV
Chiral Supramolecular Polymers Assembled from Conformationally Flexible Amino‐Acid‐Substituted Biphenyldiimides
Authors: Markiewicz Grzegorz , Szmulewicz Adrianna , Majchrzycki Łukasz , Smulders Maarten M. J. , Stefankiewicz Artur R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHydrogen‐bonded polymers are a class of highly dynamic supramolecular aggregates, whose self‐assembly may be tuned by very mild external or internal stimuli. However, the rational design of chiral supramolecules remains challenging especially when flexible components are involved. The combination of the inherent weakness and dynamic nature of the intermolecular bonds that hold together such assemblies with unrestricted molecular motions introduces additional factors which may affect the self‐assembly process. In this report, the self‐assembly of four amino acid‐derived chiral biphenyldiimides into open‐chain 1D supramolecular polymers is presented. While the primary driving force, COOH···HOOC hydrogen bonding, is responsible for the polymer growth in all cases, the amino acid side chains play an important role in either stabilizing or destabilizing the assemblies obtained, as deduced from studies of the thermodynamics of the self‐assembly process. Furthermore, substantial differences in the structural factors governing the polymerization process between dynamic liquid and static solid are found. This work demonstrates the potential of the rather unexplored class of diimide‐based organic dyes in the formation of well‐organized chiral supramolecular assemblies with tunable properties.
Actual patient position versus safety models: Specific Absorption Rate implications of initial head position for Ultrahigh Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Kopanoglu Emre 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpecific absorption rate (SAR) relates power absorption to tissue heating, and therefore is used as a safety constraint in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study investigates the implications of initial head positioning on local and whole‐head SAR. A virtual body model was simulated at 161 positions inside an eight‐channel parallel‐transmit (pTx) array. On‐axis displacements and rotations of up to 20 mm/degrees and off‐axis axial/coronal translations were investigated. Single‐channel, radiofrequency (RF) shimming (i.e., single‐spoke pTx) and multispoke pTx pulses were designed for seven axial, five coronal and five sagittal slices at each position (the slices were consistent across all positions). Whole‐head and local SAR were calculated using safety models consisting of a single (centred) body position, multiple representative positions and all simulated body positions. Positional mismatches between safety models and actual positions cause SAR underestimation. For axial imaging, the actual peak local SAR was up to 4.2‐fold higher for both single‐channel and 5‐spoke pTx, 3.5‐fold higher for 3‐/4‐spoke pTx, and 2‐fold higher for RF shimming and 2‐spoke pTx, compared with that calculated using the centred body position. For sagittal and coronal imaging, the underestimation of peak local SAR was up to 5.2‐fold and 3.8‐fold, respectively. Using all body positions to estimate SAR prevented SAR underestimation but yielded up to 11‐fold SAR overestimation for RF shimming. Local SAR of single‐channel and pTx multispoke pulses showed considerable dependence on the initial patient position. RF shimming yielded much lower sensitivity to positional mismatches for axial imaging but not for sagittal and coronal imaging. This was deemed attributable to the higher degrees‐of‐freedom of control offered by the investigated coil array for axial imaging. Whole‐head SAR is less sensitive to positional mismatches compared with local SAR. Nevertheless, whole‐head SAR increased by up to 80% for sagittal imaging. Local and whole‐head SAR were observed to be more sensitive to positional mismatches in the axial plane, because of larger variations in coil‐tissue proximity. Using all possible body positions in the safety model may become substantially over‐conservative and limit imaging performance, especially for the RF shimming mode for axial imaging.
Development of an individual fitness score (IFS) based on the depression treatment guidelines of in the Japanese Society of Mood Disorders
Authors: Fukumoto Kentaro , Kodaka Fumitoshi , Hasegawa Naomi , Muraoka Hiroyuki , Hori Hikaru , Ichihashi Kayo , Yasuda Yuka , Iida Hitoshi , Ohi Kazutaka , Ochi Shinichiro , Ide Kenta , Hashimoto Naoki , Usami Masahide , Nakamura Toshinori , Komatsu Hiroshi , Okada Tsuyoshi , Nagasawa Tatsuya , Furihata Ryuji , Atake Kiyokazu , Kido Mikio , Kikuchi Saya , Yamagata Hirotaka , Kishimoto Taishiro , Makinodan Manabu , Horai Tadasu , Takeshima Masahiro , Kubota Chika , Asami Takeshi , Katsumoto Eiichi , Hishimoto Akitoyo , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Matsumoto Junya , Miura Kenichiro , Yamada Hisashi , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Watanabe Koichiro , Inada Ken , Otsuka Kotaro , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTreatment guidelines are designed to assist patients and health care providers and are used as tools for making treatment decisions in clinical situations. The treatment guidelines of the Japanese Society of Mood Disorders establish treatment recommendations for each severity of depression. The individual fitness score (IFS) was developed as a simple and objective indicator to assess whether individual patients are practicing treatment by the recommendations of the depression treatment guidelines of the Japanese Society of Mood Disorders.MethodsThe EGUIDE project members determined the IFS through the modified Delphi method. In this article, the IFS was calculated based on the treatment of depressed patients treated and discharged between 2016 and 2020 at facilities participating in the EGUIDE project. In addition, we compared scores at admission and discharge.ResultsThe study included 428 depressed patients (mild n = 22, moderate/severe n = 331, psychotic n = 75) at 57 facilities. The mean IFS scores by severity were statistically significantly higher at discharge than at admission with moderate/severe depression (mild 36.1 ± 34.2 vs. 41.6 ± 36.9, p = 0.49; moderate/severe 50.2 ± 33.6 vs. 55.7 ± 32.6, p = 2.1 × 10–3; psychotic 47.4 ± 32.9 versus 52.9 ± 36.0, p = 0.23).ConclusionWe developed the IFS based on the depression treatment guideline, which enables us to objectively determine how close the treatment is to the guideline at the time of evaluation in individual cases. Therefore, the IFS may influence guideline‐oriented treatment behavior and lead to the equalization of depression treatment in Japan, including pharmacotherapy.
Retrospective chart review‐based assessment scale for adverse childhood events and experiences
Authors: Yamagishi Mika , Satomura Yoshihiro , Sakurada Hanako , Kanehara Akiko , Sakakibara Eisuke , Okada Naohiro , Koike Shinsuke , Yagishita Sho , Ichihashi Kayo , Kondo Shinsuke , Jinde Seiichiro , Fukuda Masato , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly prevalent in the general population, and their lifelong impact on physical and mental health is profound. In assessing ACEs, it is vital to consider the pathways and modalities by which an individual internalizes events as an adverse experience and its effects on their biological, psychological, and social function. However, conventional assessments of ACEs are inadequate in that they do not comprehensively assess the source of the adverse event and the pathway and mode of its impact on the individual.MethodsThis study developed an original scale for ACEs that classifies the source of the event and the pathway and mode of its impact on the individual from a retrospective review of medical charts. We also used this scale to investigate the ACEs in 536 patients with psychiatric disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia).ResultsThis scale consisted of 28 items, and its reliability and validity were sufficient. We also found that 45.9% of the patients studied had at least one ACE, ranging from 43.5% to 51.5% for all disorders. Psychological trauma (bullying) from peers was the most common cause at 27.2%.ConclusionWe developed a retrospective chart review‐based assessment tool for ACEs which enables the examination of the source of the events of ACEs and the pathways and modalities of their impact on the individual. The frequency of ACEs is high regardless of the type of psychiatric disorder, and horizontal trauma (bullying victimization) is as frequent as vertical trauma (parental maltreatment).
Effects of Trichoderma harzianum biofertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of Bupleurum chinense
Authors: Liu Li , Xu Yuansong , Cao Hailu , Fan Ya , Du Kan , Bu Xun , Gao Demin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides led to a decline in the quality and yield of Bupleurum chinense. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Trichoderma harzianum biofertilizer on the growth, yield, and quality of radix bupleuri and microbial responses. The results showed that T. harzianum biofertilizer promoted the growth of B. chinense and increased the yield and quality of radix bupleuri. In addition, it increased the contents of NH4+–N, NO3−–N, available K, and available P and increased the activities of sucrase and catalase in the rhizosphere soil. High‐throughput analysis showed that the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere were Proteobacteria (28%), Acidobacteria (23%), and Actinobacteria (17%), whereas the dominant fungi were Ascomycota (49%), Zygomycota (30%), and Basidiomycota (6%). After the application of T. harzianum biofertilizer, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria (relative to total bacteria) and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota (relative to total fungi) increased, but the relative abundance of Acidobacteria decreased. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that the relative abundance of Pseudarthrobacter, Streptomyces, Rhizobium, Nocardioides, Minimedusa, and Chaetomium were positively correlated with NO3−–N, NH4+–N, available K, available P, sucrase, and catalase in microbial communities, whereas Aeromicrobium and Mortierella were positively correlated with soil organic matter and urease. These results suggest that T. harzianum biofertilizer could significantly improve the yield and quality of radix bupleuri by changing the structure of soil microbial flora and soil enzyme activity. Therefore, it could be recommended for commercial scale production of Bupleurum.
Preparation and Near‐Infrared Photoelectric Properties of n‐Type Cu3P
Authors: Peng Xue , Lv Yanfei , Xi Junhua , Fu Li , Chen Fei , Su Weitao , Li Jingzhou , Zhao Shichao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs intrinsic cuprous phosphide (Cu3P) shows p‐type conductivity, the investigation of n‐type Cu3P (n‐Cu3P) was lacking and hindered its development and application. In this paper, novel n‐type conducting cuprous phosphide (n‐Cu3P) has been prepared by annealing ZnO/Cu3P/Cu structure. The morphology, composition and structure of the thin films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer (EDX), X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and laser Raman spectroscopy (Raman). The semiconductor conduction type was analyzed by thermal probe method and Hall coefficient method. The transition of conduction type from p‐type to n‐type occurred as ZnO/Cu3P/Cu was annealed at 550 °C. The growth mechanism of n‐Cu3P was discussed. Finally, the infrared absorption and photoelectric properties were investigated. The near‐infrared photoelectronic performance of Cu3P was reported for the first time. The successful preparation of n‐Cu3P is helpful to promote the research and application of Cu3P based electronic devices.
Synthesis and Characterization of Griseofulvin Derivatives as Microtubule‐Stabilizing Agents
Authors: Firdous Farhat , Ibrahim Rida , Furqan Muhammad , Khan Hina , Raza Hadeeqa , Singh Upendra , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid , Jaremko Mariusz , Chotana Ghayoor Abbas , Faisal Amir , Saleem Rahman Shah Zaib 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrotubules have been an attractive target of cancer drug discovery due to their highly dynamic nature during mitosis. Griseofulvin, a natural antifungal compound, is known to interfere with microtubule dynamics. In the present study, we prepared and analyzed twenty‐seven novel griseofulvin derivatives. Three of these compounds had GI50 values <10 μM (5.74 to 9.7 μM) in breast cancer cell line CAL‐51. The most promising compound ((2S,6’R)‐4’‐(benzhydrylamino)‐7‐chloro‐4,6‐dimethoxy‐6’‐methyl‐3H‐spiro[benzofuran‐2,1’‐cyclohexan]‐3’‐ene‐2’,3‐dione), was characterized as a microtubule‐stabilizing agent with a GI50 value of 5.74±1.43 μM compared to 10.79±3.06 μM GI50 for parental griseofulvin. It also inhibited the proliferation of other cancer cell lines, including KB‐3‐1 and HCT116, with GI50 values of 1.19±0.34 μM and 2.48±0.40 μM, respectively. Treatment of cancer cells with it resulted in aberrant mitosis causing G2/M arrest. Finally, we show that this compound increased the expression of p53 protein and induced apoptotic cell death.
Stimuli‐Responsive Complexation Based on Twisted Cucurbit[14]uril and p‐Diaminoazobenzene
Authors: Wang Cheng‐hui , Tang Qing , Zhao Jie , Xiao Xin , Tao Zhu , Huang Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe supramolecular assembly between twisted cucurbit[14]uril (tQ[14]) and p‐diaminoazobenzene (DAAB) has been successfully developed based on host‐guest interactions. Interestingly, as the temperature increases, the assembly dissociates and recovers when the temperature decreases. This shows that the association and dissociation of the supramolecular assembly can be reversibly controlled by the temperature. In addition, the tQ[14]‐DAAB complex also exhibits selective ultraviolet and colorimetric responses for AcO− and F−, the detection limits of the sensor for AcO− and F− are 5.17×10−6 M and 2.31×10−5 M, respectively. The tQ[14]‐DAAB exhibits potential analysis applications.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of New Binuclear Copper and Rhodium Complexes
Authors: Ait‐Ramdane‐Terbouche Chafia , Elazara Zakaria Sid , Terbouche Achour , Lakhdari Houria , Khalfaoui Massaab , Boumechhour Abdenour , Mezaoui Djillali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo novel binuclear complexes of Cu (II) and Rh (III) with Bis [4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐3‐{(1E)‐N‐[2‐(ethylamino) ethyl] ethanimidoyl}‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one] (L) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), conductivity, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), ultraviolet‐visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence, thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The spectral data indicate that the ligand binds the metal ions via the oxygen atom of the phenolic group, the nitrogen atoms of the azomethine and NH groups. These characterizations suggested the formation of binuclear complexes with octahedral geometry around each metal ion. For a better understanding of the response of complexes to biological activities, the stability constants, potential zeta and size of the complexes were determined. From the results, we can deduce that the complexes have more significant activities than their corresponding ligand. Moderate antioxidant activity recorded with both complexes, superior antibacterial and antifungal activities with Rh (III) complex with MIC value of 0.3125 mg. mL−1 and interesting anticancer activity towards Hep2 cells (IC50=13.77 μM) with Rh (III) and towards Hep2 (IC50=28.35 μM) and K562 cells (IC50=26.34 μM) with Cu (II) complex.
Effect of Copper and Cobalt Metal Complex Redox Mediator Based Xanthan Gum Gel Electrolyte Materials on Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Selvaraj Balamurugan , Shanmugam Ganesan , Kamaraj Santhosh , Thirugnanasambandam Eswaramoorthi , Peters Silda , Gunasekeran Ahalya , Sambandam Anandan , Pillai Renjith S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we report the first application of (4‐(tert‐butyl) benzyl or 4‐methyl benzyl)‐substituted 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]‐imidazole coordinated copper and cobalt redox shuttles Cu [((tbb) pbi)2]+1/+2, Cu [(mbpbi)2]+1/+2, Co [((tbb) pbi)3]+2/+3 and Co [(mbpbi)3]+2/+3 based xanthan gum gel electrolytes (XGE‐1, XGE‐2, XGE‐3 and XGE‐4) in fabrication of Dye sensitized solar cells. Interestingly, XGE‐1 and XGE‐2 obtained higher efficiency of 4.08 and 3.04 % under 1sun illumination. Specifically, highly donor moiety 4‐(tert‐butyl)benzyl)‐substituted (on N−H position) 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]‐imidazole ligands coordinated, Cu [((tbb) pbi)2]+1/+2 gel electrolyte achieved best performance due to its appropriate redox potential of 0.80 V versus Normal Hydrogen Electrode. This high performance also confirmed with the interfacial studies of the devices. As per the computational results, the copper redox mediators conquered lower reorganization energy and free energy about (0.11‐0.20 & 0.18–0.27 eV) due to the effect of ligands structure. Overall, Cu [((tbb) pbi)2]+1/+2 act as redox shuttle for highly proficient DSSCs.
Acoustic detection of gunshots to improve measurement and mapping of hunting activity
Authors: Hedley Richard W. , Joubert Brian , Bains Harsimran K. , Bayne Erin M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHunting can influence the abundance and distribution of animals and act as a source of conflict among recreational user groups. Thus, land managers benefit from tools that can generate information about when and where hunting occurs. We used passive acoustic monitoring to examine spatiotemporal patterns of hunting‐related gunshots at 91 locations in a protected area in Alberta, Canada. We compared 2 methods for detecting gunshots from recordings: a recognizer that used complex pattern recognition and an energy detector that detected loud sounds regardless of their acoustic features. The recognizer primarily detected faint sounds, and multiple observers showed low levels of agreement (37%) with respect to whether sounds were gunshots or not, suggesting it produced ambiguous data. The recognizer also missed many loud, clear gunshots for unknown reasons. The energy detector, in contrast, detected loud sounds upon which observers showed near‐unanimous agreement (99%) on their identity. Gunshots missed by the energy detector could be because they were too quiet (i.e., too far away to be detected). Thus, despite detecting fewer gunshots overall, the energy detector produced higher quality data that were easier to interpret. We analyzed 249 gunshots detected with the energy detector, and found that hunting was concentrated near vehicle access points and peaked on Saturdays, and that hunters largely abided by local regulations prohibiting Sunday hunting. We compared energy detector results with remote cameras, which revealed similar spatiotemporal patterns of hunting effort. Passive acoustic monitoring has the potential to allow hunting activity to be mapped and monitored with unprecedented resolution.
A data‐driven framework for evolutionary problems in solid mechanics
Authors: Poelstra Klaas , Bartel Thorsten , Schweizer Ben 
Published: November 2022

AbstractData‐driven schemes introduced a new perspective in elasticity: While certain physical principles are regarded as invariable, material models for the relation between strain and stress are replaced by data clouds of admissible pairs of these variables. A data‐driven approach is of particular interest for plasticity problems, since the material modeling is even more unclear in this field. Unfortunately, so far, data‐driven approaches to evolutionary problems are much less understood. We try to contribute in this area and propose an evolutionary data‐driven scheme. We present a first analysis of the scheme regarding existence and data convergence. Encouraging numerical tests are also included.