bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential impact of systematic and random errors in blood pressure measurement on the prevalence of high office blood pressure in the United States
Authors: Sakhuja Swati , Jaeger Byron C. , Akinyelure Oluwasegun P. , Bress Adam P. , Shimbo Daichi , Schwartz Joseph E. , Hardy Shakia T. , Howard George , Drawz Paul , Muntner Paul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe authors examined the proportion of US adults that would have their high blood pressure (BP) status changed if systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured with systematic bias and/or random error versus following a standardized protocol. Data from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; n = 5176) were analyzed. BP was measured up to three times using a mercury sphygmomanometer by a trained physician following a standardized protocol and averaged. High BP was defined as SBP ≥130 mm Hg or DBP ≥80 mm Hg. Among US adults not taking antihypertensive medication, 32.0% (95%CI: 29.6%,34.4%) had high BP. If SBP and DBP were measured with systematic bias, 5 mm Hg for SBP and 3.5 mm Hg for DBP higher and lower than in NHANES, the proportion with high BP was estimated to be 44.4% (95%CI: 42.6%,46.2%) and 21.9% (95%CI 19.5%,24.4%). Among US adults taking antihypertensive medication, 60.6% (95%CI: 57.2%,63.9%) had high BP. If SBP and DBP were measured 5 and 3.5 mm Hg higher and lower than in NHANES, the proportion with high BP was estimated to be 71.8% (95%CI: 68.3%,75.0%) and 48.4% (95%CI: 44.6%,52.2%), respectively. If BP was measured with random error, with standard deviations of 15 mm Hg for SBP and 7 mm Hg for DBP, 21.4% (95%CI: 19.8%,23.0%) of US adults not taking antihypertensive medication and 20.5% (95%CI: 17.7%,23.3%) taking antihypertensive medication had their high BP status re‐categorized. In conclusions, measuring BP with systematic or random errors may result in the misclassification of high BP for a substantial proportion of US adults.
NAD+ ameliorates endotoxin‐induced acute kidney injury in a sirtuin1–dependent manner via GSK‐3β/Nrf2 signalling pathway
Authors: He Simeng , Gao Qiaoying , Wu Xiaoyang , Shi Jia , Zhang Yuan , Yang Jing , Li Xiangyun , Du Shihan , Zhang Yanfang , Yu Jianbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a substantial worldwide public health concern with no specific and effective therapies in clinic. NAD+ is a pivotal determinant of cellular energy metabolism involved in the progression of AKI; however, its mechanism in kidney injury remains poorly understood. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is an NAD+‐dependent deacetylase associated with renal protection and acute stress resistance. In this study, we have investigated the role of NAD+ in AKI and the potential mechanism(s) involved in its renoprotective effect. NAD+ was notably decreased and negatively correlated with kidney dysfunction in AKI, restoring NAD+ with NMN significantly ameliorates LPS‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis and attenuates renal damage. We also found that the protection of NAD+ is associated with SIRT1 expressions and performs in a SIRT1‐dependent manner. Inhibition of SIRT1 blunted the protective effect of NAD+ and up‐regulated the activity of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) that was concomitant with mitigated Nrf2 nuclear accumulation, thereby exacerbates AKI. These findings suggest that NAD+/SIRT1/GSK‐3β/Nrf2 axis is an important mechanism that can protect against AKI which might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AKI.
Information technology and the spatial reorganization of firms
Authors: Kang Youngho , Suh Jeongmeen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigates how the adoption of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system affects firms' spatial organization. We first provide a conceptual framework that explains how a firm reallocates different types of labor across establishments in different locations by adopting an ERP system, to lower internal coordination costs. Guided by this framework, we empirically find that ERP adopters increase production activities in non‐headquarter (HQ) establishments, while they decrease these activities in their HQ. An ERP system also enhances both HQ and retail/wholesale activities in an HQ. Additional tests confirm the robustness of these results.
General Purpose Technologies as Systematic Risk in Global Stock Markets
Authors: HSU PO‐HSUAN , WANG HUIJUN , YANG WEI 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeneral purpose technologies (GPTs)—a class of technologies with pervasive impacts on the economy and spillover across countries—are a source of nondiversifiable risk in international equity markets. An empirical GPT factor from patent data can explain a substantial fraction of the cross‐sectional variation of global stock returns using the new econometric methodology developed by Kan, Robotti, and Shanken (2013). Moreover, the GPT factor is distinct from total factor productivity and other macrofactors in our tests. Our results suggest that a considerable degree of financial market integration may be attributable to technology diffusion as an underlying mechanism.
Amyloid processing in COVID‐19‐associated neurological syndromes
Authors: Ziff Oliver J. , Ashton Nicholas J. , Mehta Puja R. , Brown Rachel , Athauda Dilan , Heaney Judith , Heslegrave Amanda J. , Benedet Andrea Lessa , Blennow Kaj , Checkley Anna M. , Houlihan Catherine F. , Gauthier Serge , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Fox Nick C. , Schott Jonathan M. , Zetterberg Henrik , Benjamin Laura A. , Paterson Ross W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 infection can damage the nervous system with multiple neurological manifestations described. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying COVID‐19 neurological injury. This is a cross‐sectional exploratory prospective biomarker cohort study of 21 patients with COVID‐19 neurological syndromes (Guillain–Barre Syndrome [GBS], encephalitis, encephalopathy, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [ADEM], intracranial hypertension, and central pain syndrome) and 23 healthy COVID‐19 negative controls. We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum biomarkers of amyloid processing, neuronal injury (neurofilament light), astrocyte activation (GFAp), and neuroinflammation (tissue necrosis factor [TNF] ɑ, interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐1β, IL‐8). Patients with COVID‐19 neurological syndromes had significantly reduced CSF soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP)‐ɑ (p = 0.004) and sAPPβ (p = 0.03) as well as amyloid β (Aβ) 40 (p = 5.2 × 10−8), Aβ42 (p = 3.5 × 10−7), and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (p = 0.005) compared to controls. Patients with COVID‐19 neurological syndromes showed significantly increased neurofilament light (NfL, p = 0.001) and this negatively correlated with sAPPɑ and sAPPβ. Conversely, GFAp was significantly reduced in COVID‐19 neurological syndromes (p = 0.0001) and this positively correlated with sAPPɑ and sAPPβ. COVID‐19 neurological patients also displayed significantly increased CSF proinflammatory cytokines and these negatively correlated with sAPPɑ and sAPPβ. A sensitivity analysis of COVID‐19‐associated GBS revealed a non‐significant trend toward greater impairment of amyloid processing in COVID‐19 central than peripheral neurological syndromes. This pilot study raises the possibility that patients with COVID‐19‐associated neurological syndromes exhibit impaired amyloid processing. Altered amyloid processing was linked to neuronal injury and neuroinflammation but reduced astrocyte activation.
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Wnt4 regulates bone metabolism through IKK‐NF‐κB and ROCK signaling under occlusal traumatic periodontitis
Authors: Xu Weizhe , Lu Qian , Qu Moyuan , Fan Rong , Leng Sha , Wang Liu , Liu Linyi , Yang Fan , Zhou Xuedong , Huang Dingming , Zhang Lan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveOcclusal trauma is one of the most important local contributing factors of periodontitis. It has been reported that Wnt4, a noncanonical Wnt ligand, can inhibit osteoclast formation and inflammation and promote bone formation in vivo. However, the prospects of Wnt4 application in occlusal trauma and periodontitis have not yet been described. This study aimed to investigate the function and the corresponding mechanism of Wnt4 to regulate bone metabolism in occlusal trauma and periodontitis.Material and methodsOsteogenic‐induced MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg. LPS) under cyclic uniaxial compressive stress. After treatment with mouse recombinant protein Wnt4 (rWnt4), the expression of osteogenic markers and activation of the IKK‐NF‐κB signaling pathway were evaluated in vitro. To investigate whether Wnt4 can promote osteogenesis via the ROCK signaling pathway, the expression of RhoA was evaluated in vitro. Finally, we evaluated the change in bone quantity and the activation of the IKK‐NF‐κB and ROCK signaling in mice with occlusal trauma and periodontitis to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of rWnt4 injection.ResultsStimulation of traumatic force and Pg. LPS stimulation suppressed the expression of osteoblast markers, but their expression was rescued after rWnt4 treatment in vitro. In addition, the inhibition of the ROCK signaling pathway induced by force loading was reversed when rWnt4 was applied in vitro. Micro‐CT, H&E, and TRAP staining of the mandibles showed increased bone loss in the occlusal trauma‐aggravated periodontitis group, whereas it was rescued after rWnt4 injection. The expression levels of IκBα and p65 were upregulated in occlusal trauma and periodontitis‐bearing mice, whereas the expression levels of Runx2 and RhoA were downregulated. After rWnt4 injection, remarkably upregulation of Runx2 and RhoA expression was observed in occlusal trauma and periodontitis‐ bearing mice.ConclusionWnt4 not only inhibits IKK‐NF‐κB signaling but also activates ROCK signaling to inhibit osteoclast formation and promote bone regeneration in occlusal trauma and periodontitis‐bearing mice.
Incidence of Vitis fruit‐induced clinical signs and acute kidney injury in dogs and cats
Authors: Dijkman M. A. , van Roemburg R. G. , De Lange D. W. , Hugen S. , Robben J. H. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the incidence of clinical signs and Vitis fruit‐induced acute kidney injury in dogs and cats with a Vitis fruit ingestion reported to the Dutch Poisons Information Center, and a description of the therapies instituted by the veterinarians.Materials and MethodsAll cases of Vitis fruit ingestions in dogs and cats reported to the center between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were included in this study. Veterinarians and pet owners were contacted by phone or email to obtain follow‐up information. Information was collected using a standardised data collection sheet.ResultsNinety‐five dogs and 13 cats with proven Vitis fruit ingestion were included. Fourteen dogs and two cats developed clinical signs: emesis (11/16, 68.8%), lethargy (5/16, 31.3%), diarrhoea (3/16, 18.8%), anorexia (3/16, 18.8%), tremor (2/16, 12.5%) and restlessness (1/16, 6.3%). The overall incidence for developing clinical signs was 14.7% in dogs and 15.4% in cats. One (1/95, 1%) dog developed acute kidney injury after ingestion of Vitis fruit. No cats developed acute kidney injury. Induction of emesis and/or administration of activated charcoal was instituted in 72 of 82 (88%) and eight of 11 (73%) of asymptomatic dogs and cats and six of 14 (43%) and two of two (100%) of symptomatic dogs and cats, respectively. Overall, emesis was induced in 72 of 95 (76%) dogs (100% success rate) and removed Vitis fruits in the majority of cases (98% when induced <4 hours after ingestion and 83% when induced 4 to 12 hours after ingestion). Emesis was induced in seven of 13 (54%) cats (86% success rate) and removed Vitis fruits in 83% of the cases.Clinical SignificanceIn this study, a significant proportion (around 15%) of dogs and cats developed clinical signs after ingestion of Vitis fruits, which were predominantly related to the gastrointestinal tract. Symptomatic acute kidney injury was rare. Our findings suggest the use of decontamination measures, i.e. induction of emesis, may be warranted up to 12 hours after ingestion.
Split staphylectomy to address soft palate thickness in brachycephalic dogs: 75 cases (2016‐2018)
Authors: Holloway G. L. , Higgins J. , Beranek J. P. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesDescribe the split staphylectomy procedure to address soft palate thickness and assess the complications and long‐term outcome of this procedure as a part of multi‐level surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. To consider whether same‐day discharge following this surgery can be recommended.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs treated for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome using the split staphylectomy were reviewed. Owners were contacted to complete a questionnaire assessing initial postoperative concerns, the long‐term outcome and the effect of surgery on their dog's quality of life.ResultsSeventy‐five dogs underwent split staphylectomy during the study period. The overall complication rate was 8.3%, of which 2.7% were considered major. No life‐threatening complications occurred, and no complications were related to the staphylectomy. The questionnaire was completed by 66.7% of owners (median follow‐up 459 days), of which 88% felt that surgery had improved the quality of life for their dog. The majority (88%) of dogs were discharged from hospital on the day of surgery. Of the surveyed owners, 14% sought veterinary attention between their dog leaving the hospital and the scheduled postoperative reassessment 2 weeks after surgery. Four dogs were presented for veterinary intervention during this time period, but no intervention was related to the staphylectomy or for a life‐threatening condition.Clinical SignificanceThe split staphylectomy offers a safe, straightforward method of addressing both excess thickness and length of soft palate in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Dogs can be discharged on the same day as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome surgery including split staphylectomy without an increased risk of complications.
The complicated impact of media use before bed on sleep: Results from a combination of objective EEG sleep measurement and media diaries
Authors: Ellithorpe Morgan E. , Ulusoy Ezgi , Eden Allison , Hahn Lindsay , Yang Chia‐Lun , Tucker Robin M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMedia use has been linked to sleep disturbance, but the results are inconsistent. This study explores moderating conditions. A media diary study with 58 free‐living adults measured the time spent with media before bed, the location of use, and multitasking. Electroencephalography (EEG) captured bedtime, total sleep time, and the percent of time spent in deep (Stage N3), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Media use in the hour before sleep onset was associated with an earlier bedtime. If the before bed use did not involve multitasking and was conducted in bed, that use was also associated with more total sleep time. Media use duration was positively associated with (later) bedtime and negatively associated with total sleep time. Sleep quality, operationalised as the percent of total sleep time spent in N3 and REM sleep, was unaffected by media use before bed. Bedtime media use might not be as detrimental for sleep as some previous research has shown. Important contextual variables moderate the relationship, such as location, multitasking, and session length.
Longitudinal association between sleep disturbance and inflammation, and the role of positive affect
Authors: Zagaria Andrea , Lombardo Caterina , Ballesio Andrea 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious longitudinal evidence suggested that sleep disturbance (i.e., difficulties in sleep onset and sleep maintenance) may be longitudinally associated with systemic inflammation, which is involved in the pathophysiology of mental and somatic illness. The mechanisms underlying this association, however, remain largely unexplored. In the context of health psychology, a substantial body of literature showed that positive affect may have a favourable impact on immune and inflammatory response and buffer the proinflammatory effects of stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether subjective sleep disturbance is longitudinally associated with serum high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, and whether this association is mediated by a decrease in positive affect. The data of 1894 participants aged 64.11 ± 8.02 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) across three waves of data collection were analysed. Self‐reported sleep disturbance was assessed in 2008–2009, (wave 4), positive affect was assessed in 2010–2011 (wave 5), and hs‐CRP was assessed in 2012–2013 (wave 6). Path analysis adjusted for health‐related variables including depressive symptoms, cardiovascular disease, BMI, smoking, alcohol consume, and drug intake showed a significant direct effect of sleep disturbance to positive affect; positive affect directly predicted hs‐CRP. Lastly, an indirect effect between sleep disturbance to hs‐CRP through the mediating role of positive affect emerged. The findings suggest that sleep onset and sleep maintenance difficulties may be associated with inflammation through the mediation of low positive affect. The clinical significance of the findings should be further explored.
Measurement of benefits in economic evaluations of nutrition interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Wun Jolene , Kemp Christopher , Puett Chloe , Bushnell Devon , Crocker Jonny , Levin Carol 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEconomic evaluation of nutrition interventions that compares the costs to benefits is essential to priority‐setting. However, there are unique challenges to synthesizing the findings of multi‐sectoral nutrition interventions due to the diversity of potential benefits and the methodological differences among sectors in measuring them. This systematic review summarises literature on the interventions, sectors, benefit terminology and benefit types included in cost‐effectiveness, cost‐utility and benefit‐cost analyses (CEA, CUA and BCA, respectively) of nutrition interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries. A systematic search of five databases published from January 2010 to September 2019 with expert consultation yielded 2794 studies, of which 93 met all inclusion criteria. Eighty‐seven per cent of the included studies included interventions delivered from only one sector, with almost half from the health sector (43%), followed by food/agriculture (27%), water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) (10%), and social protection (8%). Only 9% of studies assessed programmes involving more than one sector (health, food/agriculture, social protection and/or WASH). Eighty‐one per cent of studies used more than one term to refer to intervention benefits. The included studies calculated 128 economic evaluation ratios (57 CEAs, 39 CUAs and 32 BCAs), and the benefits they included varied by sector. Nearly 60% measured a single benefit category, most frequently nutritional status improvements; other health benefits, cognitive/education gains, dietary diversity, food security, knowledge/attitudes/practices and income were included in less than 10% of all ratios. Additional economic evaluation of non‐health and multi‐sector interventions, and incorporation of benefits beyond nutritional improvements (including cost savings) in future economic evaluations is recommended.
What are the determinants of low exclusive breastfeeding prevalence in China? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Duan Yifan , Yang Zhenyu , Bi Ye , Wang Jie , Pang Xuehong , Jiang Shan , Zhang Huanmei , Xu Lili , Lai Jianqiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExclusive breastfeeding (EBF) status is far from the national target in China. To identify the modifiable factors associated with EBF of infants aged under 6 months in China. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in 12 provinces/municipalities across China in 2017–2018. We used multistage stratified cluster sampling and collected data through face‐to‐face interviews with mothers using an electronic questionnaire. Totally, 5287 pairs of mother–infant aged <6 months were investigated. The EBF prevalence was 29.2% (1544/5287). Mothers with correct knowledge of colostrum (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]:1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07, 1.62), EBF (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.81) and the highest scores of perceptions for breastfeeding benefits (AOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.61) were more likely to exclusively breastfeed. However, mothers with more frequent unwillingness of breastfeeding during the first month postpartum were less likely to practice EBF (AOR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.90). Infants having their first breast milk within 24 h of birth increased the odds of EBF (AOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.86, 3.13). Infants were less likely to be exclusively breastfed in the families in which the main caregiver was the grandmothers. Mothers without receiving infant formula feeding suggestions via the health facilities, media, or the Internet (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.33, 1.85) or without the experience of infant formula feeding in public (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.72) might more likely to practice EBF. To acquire comprehensively correct knowledge and keep a positive attitude of breastfeeding for the mothers are crucial for improving the EBF prevalence. Family supports are potential interventions worth focusing on. Infant formula promotion remains a great barrier for EBF in China.
Aspergillus‐PCR in bronchoalveolar lavage ‐ diagnostic accuracy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients
Authors: Mikulska Malgorzata , Furfaro Elisa , Dettori Silvia , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Magnasco Laura , Dentone Chiara , Ball Lorenzo , Russo Chiara , Taramasso Lucia , Vena Antonio , Angelucci Emanuele , Pelosi Paolo , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is challenging, and the role of Aspergillus‐PCR in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is unknown.ObjectivesThis study evaluated diagnostic accuracy of Aspergillus‐PCR in BAL in IPA in three different cohorts: ICU‐admitted patients with COVID‐19, ICU‐admitted patients without COVID‐19 and immunocompromised patients.MethodsAll stored available BAL samples collected from three patient groups were tested with Aspergillus‐PCR (AsperGenius®). IPA was diagnosed according to appropriate criteria for each patient group.ResultsWe included 111 BAL samples from 101 patients: 52 (51%) patients admitted to ICU for COVID‐19, 24 (24%) admitted to ICU for other reasons and 25 (25%) immunocompromised. There were 31 cases of IPA (28%). Aspergillus‐PCR sensitivity was 64% (95% CI 47–79) and specificity 99% (95% CI 93–100). Aspergillus‐PCR sensitivity was 40% (95%CI 19–64) in ICU COVID‐19, 67% (95% CI 21‐93) in non‐COVID‐19 ICU patients and 92% (95%CI 67–98) in the immunocompromised. The concordance between positive BAL‐GM and BAL‐PCR in patients with and without IPA was significantly lower in ICU patients (32%; 43% in COVID‐19, 18% in non‐COVID‐19) than in the immunocompromised (92%), p < .001.ConclusionsAspergillus‐PCR in BAL improves the diagnostic accuracy of BAL‐GM in ICU patients.
Effects of housing demolition on labor supply: Evidence from China
Authors: Zhao Xuecun , Liu Yanrong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates how housing demolition affects labor supply using the China Family Panel Studies, a nationally representative household survey from China. We argue that housing demolition is likely to be random across households within the same community. We find that housing demolition reduces overall labor force participation by ~3.3 percentage points and farm work participation by ~4.4 percentage points. We also find that the negative impact on labor force participation is mainly driven by older people, women, less‐educated people, and people living in rural regions. The negative impact of housing demolition on labor force participation persists over time.