bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated CO2 concentration induces changes in plant growth, transcriptome, and antioxidant activity in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Authors: Jo Na-Yeon , Lee Junkyung , Byeon Ji-Eun , Park Hong-Jin , Ryoo Jong-Won , Hwang Sun-Goo 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionFennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is widely used to produce natural bio-materials. Elevated CO2(eCO2) concentrations in the atmosphere improve the net photosynthesis of plants.MethodsThe aim of the present study was to investigate distinct changes in fennel growth characteristics and phytonutrient contents under different CO2concentrations. The effects of 400 and 800 ppm concentrations on plant growth and antioxidant activity were observed under hydroponics.Results and DiscussionPlant growth was improved by eCO2concentrations. We also observed diverse changes in nutrient solution (pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) and environmental factors (temperature and humidity) in greenhouse under light or dark conditions. Electrical conductivity increased under dark and eCO2conditions, whereas the pH decreased. Additionally, we performed transcriptome analysis and identified CO2-responsive differentially expressed genes. In the 800 ppm group, genes involved in photosynthesis and Karrikin response were upregulated whereas those involved in syncytium formation were downregulated. Four upregulated differentially expressed genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and total flavonoid content were relatively increased under the 800 ppm CO2condition. In contrast, antioxidant activity, including total phenolic content, scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, and reducing power were decreased in fennel under relatively high eCO2concentrations. Moreover, different light intensities of 12 or 24 lx did not affect the growth and antioxidant activity of fennel, suggesting eCO2has a stronger effect on plant improvement than light intensity. The results of the present study enhance our understanding of the positive effects of CO2on the growth and antioxidant activity of fennel.
The role of social exclusion in the formation of suicidal ideation among the elderly in rural pension institutions
Authors: Wang Pingda , Gao Peng , Yu Zehui 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSocial exclusion as well as a sense of belonging and depression have been identified as risk factors for suicide among older adults in pension institutions. In particular, the elderly living in rural pension institutions is more likely to have poor mental health and a higher incidence of suicidal ideation. This study explored the mechanism of social exclusion on suicidal ideation among the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the moderating effect of interpersonal trust.MethodsThe social exclusion experience scale, sense of belonging, depression self-rating scale (CES-D), suicidal ideation scale (BSI-CV), and interpersonal trust scale (ITS) were used to investigate the elderly in rural pension institutions. A total of 1,387 samples (53.35% female) were collected, ranging in age from 65 to 95 years (M = 72.8, SD = 6.173).ResultsThe results of the study found that: (1) social exclusion increases the suicidal ideation of the elderly in rural pension institutions, and the sense of belonging and depression play a significant chain-mediated role in the relationship between social exclusion and suicidal ideation in the elderly. (2) Interpersonal trust moderates the impact of social exclusion on the sense of belonging, depression, and suicidal ideation. Specifically, interpersonal trust can alleviate the promotion effect of social isolation on suicidal ideation and depression, and can also reduce the adverse effect of social exclusion on the sense of belonging.DiscussionThis study validates that social exclusion is a risk factor for suicidal ideation in the rural elderly and identifies interpersonal trust as a protective factor against social exclusion and its negative outcomes in the elderly. This study provides a scientific basis for improving the depression status of the elderly in rural China and formulating suicide prevention measures.
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the proportion of physically active children and adults worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chaabna Karima , Chaabane Sonia , Jithesh Anupama , Doraiswamy Sathyanarayanan , Mamtani Ravinder , Cheema Sohaila 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSafety measures implemented to address the COVID-19 pandemic have had a profound impact on the mobility of people worldwide We synthesized the global evidence on physical activity (PA) participation before and during the pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review, searching PubMed, Embase, WHO Global literature on coronavirus disease (between January 2020 and April 2022), and reference lists. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were conducted to quantitatively synthesize the data.Results and discussionSixty-three primary studies were included. In children, the global pooled prevalence of PA was 46.4% before the pandemic, 40.6% during the pandemic before movement restriction (MR), and 19.5% during MR. A statistically significant decrease in prevalence was observed between the period before the pandemic and the period during which MR was implemented (p &lt; 0.001). In adults, the global pooled prevalence (both sexes) decreased between the periods before the pandemic (64.7%) and during MR (57.0%). During the period of COVID-19 MR, children had significantly lower odds to meet the WHO PA recommendation than adults (19.5%, 95%CI: 15.8–23.8% vs. 57.0%, 95%CI: 43.3–62.5%; OR = 0.21; p ≤ 0.001). Patient populations were less active than the general population, and their PA levels decreased during the pandemic. Mental and physical health benefits of PA have been well-demonstrated. Prioritizing PA in health campaigns and strategies is critical to address health issues exacerbated during this pandemic.Protocol registrationdoi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/GVABX.
Calf circumference has a positive correlation with physical performance among community-dwelling middle-aged, older women
Authors: Wang Po-Chun , Yeh Wei-Chung , Tsai Yi-Wen , Chen Jau-Yuan 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSarcopenia and frailty are well-known public health problems in middle-aged and older people. Calf circumference (CC) is a representative anthropometric index that may be useful for screening sarcopenia. Physical performance, assessed by hand grip strength and gait speed, measures sarcopenia and frailty. This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Guishan District, Taoyuan City, between April and October 2017 to investigate the relationship between CC and physical performance among community-dwelling middle-aged, older people in Taiwan and to evaluate potential sex differences. CC tends to be an efficient predictor of physical performance in community health screenings and outpatient clinics for community health examinations, where there is limited time for surveys.MethodsA total of 1,308 volunteers aged 50–85 were recruited. Volunteers who declined to participate, those with recent cardiovascular disease, and those with an inability to complete an interview, physical performance examinations, and body composition measurements were excluded from the study. A total of 828 participants were enrolled in this study (237 men and 591 women). The statistical methods applied in this study were the Mann–Whitney U-test, independent two-sample t-test, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression models.Result and discussionSignificant differences were observed in age, waist circumference, appendicular skeletal mass index, calf circumference, hand grip strength, and income between men and women. No significant differences were observed between the men and women regarding body mass index, gait speed, exercise habits, or underlying disorders of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia. Comparing across three different CC tertiles, we discovered significant differences in age, body mass index, waist circumference, appendicular skeletal muscle index, gait speed, and hand grip strength in both men and women. On multivariate logistic regression, after adjusting for age, appendicular skeletal mass index, body mass index, exercise habits, income levels, and CC were positively correlated with physical performance as measured by both gait speed (β = 0.15, p = 0.01) and hand grip strength (β = 0.25, p &lt; 0.001) in women, compared to only hand grip strength (β = 0.41, p &lt; 0.001) in men. Lower calf circumference is an independent risk factor for poor physical performance, especially among women.
The optimal PEEP after alveolar recruitment maneuver assessed by electrical impedance tomography in healthy horses
Authors: Andrade Felipe Silveira Rego Monteiro , Ambrósio Aline Magalhães , Rodrigues Renata Ramos , Faccó Lara Lopes , Gonçalves Lucas Alaião , Garcia Filho Sérgio Grandisoli , dos Santos Rosana Thurler , Rossetto Thais Colombo , Pereira Marco Aurélio Amador , Fantoni Denise Tabacchi 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been an essential tool for assessing pulmonary ventilation in several situations, such as the alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) in PEEP titration to maintain the lungs open after atelectasis reversion. In the same way as in humans and dogs, in horses, this tool has been widely used to assess pulmonary aeration undergoing anesthesia, mechanical ventilation, recruitment maneuver, standing horses, or specific procedures.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the distribution of regional ventilation during ARM based on lung monitoring assessment by EIT, with a focus on better recruitment associated with less or no overdistention.MethodsFourteen horses of 306 ± 21 kg undergoing isoflurane anesthesia in dorsal recumbency were used. The animals were mechanically ventilated with a tidal volume of 14 ml kg−1 and a respiratory rate of 7–9. An alveolar recruitment maneuver was instituted, increasing the PEEP by five cmH2O every 5 min until 32 cmH2O and decreasing it by five cmH2O every 5 min to 7 cmH2O. At each step of PEEP, arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis, EIT images, hemodynamic, and respiratory mechanics.ResultsAssociated with the CoV-DV increase, there was a significant decrease in the DSS during the ARM and a significant increase in the NSS when PEEP was applied above 12 cmH2O compared to baseline. The ComplROI showed a significant increase in the dependent area and a significant decrease in the non-dependent area during ARM, and both were compared to their baseline values. The driving pressure decreased significantly during the ARM, and Cst, PaO2, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased significantly. The VD/VT decreased significantly at DEPEEP17 and DEPEEP12. There was an HR increase at INPEEP27, INPEEP 32, and DEPEEP17 (p &lt; 0.0001; p &lt; 0.0001; and p &lt; 0.05, respectively), those values being above the normal reference range for the species. The SAP, MAP, DAP, CI, and DO2I significantly decreased INPEEP32 (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe ARM by PEEP titration applied in the present study showed better ventilation distribution associated with better aeration in the dependent lung areas, with minimal overdistention between PEEP 17 and 12 cmH2O decreasing step. Those changes were also followed by improvements in static and regional compliance associated with increased oxygenation and pulmonary ventilation. ARM promoted a transitory decrease in arterial blood pressure and depression in CI with a concomitant drop in oxygen delivery, which should be best investigated before its routine use in clinical cases.
Biochemical Analyses of Bioactive Extracts from Plants Native to Lampedusa, Sicily Minor Island
Authors: Di Lecce Roberta , Mérindol Natacha , Pérez Mayra Galarza , Karimzadegan Vahid , Berthoux Lionel , Boari Angela , Zidorn Christian , Vurro Maurizio , Surico Giuseppe , Desgagné-Penix Isabel , Evidente Antonio 
Published: December 2022

Major threats to the human lifespan include cancer, infectious diseases, diabetes, mental degenerative conditions and also reduced agricultural productivity due to climate changes, together with new and more devastating plant diseases. From all of this, the need arises to find new biopesticides and new medicines. Plants and microorganisms are the most important sources for isolating new metabolites. Lampedusa Island host a rich contingent of endemic species and subspecies. Seven plant species spontaneously growing in Lampedusa, i.e., Atriplex halimus L. (Ap), Daucus lopadusanus Tineo (Dl), Echinops spinosus Fiori (Es) Glaucium flavum Crantz (Gf) Hypericum aegypticum L: (Ha), Periploca angustifolia Labill (Pa), and Prasium majus L. (Pm) were collected, assessed for their metabolite content, and evaluated for potential applications in agriculture and medicine. The HPLC-MS analysis of n-hexane (HE) and CH2Cl2 (MC) extracts and the residual aqueous phases (WR) showed the presence of several metabolites in both organic extracts. Crude HE and MC extracts from Dl and He significantly inhibited butyrylcholinesterase, as did WR from the extraction of Dl and Pa. HE and MC extracts showed a significant toxicity towards hepatocarcinoma Huh7, while Dl, Ha and Er HE extracts were the most potently cytotoxic to ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-8 cell lines. Most extracts showed antiviral activity. At the lowest concentration tested (1.56 μg/mL), Dl, Gf and Ap MC extracts inhibited betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43 infection by> 2 fold, while the n-hexane extract of Pm was the most potent. In addition, at 1.56 μg/mL, potent inhibition (>10 fold) of dengue virus was detected for Dl, Er, and Pm HE extracts, while Pa and Ap MC extracts dampened infections to undetectable levels. Regarding to phytotoxicity, MC extracts from Er, Ap and Pm were more effective in inhibiting tomato rootlet elongation; the same first two extracts also inhibited seed cress germination while its radicle elongation, due to high sensitivity, was affected by all the extracts. Es and Gf MC extracts also inhibited seed germination of Phelipanche ramosa. Thus, we have uncovered that many of these Lampedusa plants displayed promising biopesticide, antiviral, and biological properties.
EXECUTIVE A. MAKARENKO`S PROJECT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERN HUMANISTIC PARADIGMTHE
Authors: BEH I. 
Published: December 2022

Peculiarities of the educational paradigm characteristic of A. Makarenko's pedagogical system are considered, from the point of view of modern scientific approaches, the objective factors of its effectiveness are found out. There is an opinion: if the process of socialization involves the result of the personality of a morally disciplined style of behavior, then the modern paradigm brings up the spiritual personality as the subject of a free and responsible act, determined by a certain spiritual value. The latter is the true indicator of the spiritual development of the individual, and not the spiritual value that is enclosed in its inner world.It is argued that even for the use of a creative approach to the implementation of the author's outline of the scientific provisions, the educational system A. Makarenko objectively limited to the upbringing of an adaptive personality, able to effectively perform the role of social function, but not the person who would be ready to change those or other social relations, defending their ideological beliefs.
MATHEMATICS TEACHING FOREIGN STUDENTS TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: ICHANSKA N. , NALIVAIKO L. 
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the peculiarities of teaching higher mathematics to foreign students. The basic methods and forms for increasing the effectiveness of the learning process are determined, which include: preparatory work, the generalization and systematization of the educational material, the use of supporting abstracts and terminological dictionaries, specific requirements for the content and tempo of the teacher's speech, individual and group forms of work on practical lessons.Creating a personal terminological dictionary, maximum use of visual material, the use of individual and group training, taking into account the psychological and pedagogical features, language teacher, new and improved existing teaching aids, teaching materials in higher mathematics, guidance on tiered differentiation and individualization of learning is important factors for foreign students. These factors intensify teaching and learning activities and improve the educational process quality and efficiency. Qualitatively learned mathematical terms, operations can form a terminology database, which subsequently provides opportunity to receive education of high professional level.
PROVIDING OF PREPARATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SPECIALISTS TO THE WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF INKLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: MALYSHEVSKA I. 
Published: December 2022

The article is sanctified to the research of providing preparation of pedagogical specialists for work in the conditions of inclusive education in institutions of higher education of Ukraine. In the article is determined that in Ukraine the search of strategic directions of professional preparation of pedagogical workers activated to work with children with the special educational necessities in the conditions of inclusive studies. The questions from the theoretical – methodological providing of the state of preparation of pedagogical specialists at Ukraine’s educational establishments in the relation of introduction of іnclusive studies are examined in the article. Positive experience of theory and practice of professional preparation of pedagogical specialists is presented in higher educational establishments of Ukraine to work in the conditions of inclusive educational environment. Attention is accented on the basic tasks of training of pedagogical personnels for educational inclusivity, the decision of that must be laid on pedagogical higher educational establishments. Each of these tasks is examined as a starting point for the newest program of preparation of pedagogical specialists development for the system of inclusive education. In this connection passing ahead modification of maintenance of training of personnels of universal education must become an urgent necessity in direction of inclusivity. In the article are outlined problems of forming of professionalism of pedagogical specialists of mass general establishments in industry of inclusive education. Forming of professional jurisdiction of pedagogical specialists in industry of inclusive education is related to advancement of high level of requirements, offered society and professional concord to their pedagogical activity. Modern pedagogical specialists must be ready to the changes and new public relations, to answer the requirements of time. It is possible only on condition of their permanent professional development. It is formed on the basis of principles of pedagogics of collaboration and tolerance, innovative approaches, organization of inclusive educational environment. Problems of training of pedagogical personnels for educational inclusivity in Ukraine are actual enough on the modern stage of development of domestic educational industry. In subsequent research preparation of psychological specialists needs for introduction of inclusive education in Ukraine.
THE FORMATION OF THE TEENAGER`S SOCIAL PRIORITIES WHILE DOING SPORT
Authors: NOVIK S. 
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the problem of forming the social priorities of an adolescent as a factor in his behavior in society. The ways of formation of such priorities in teenagers engaged in individual and team sports are elucidated. The requirements for the organization of interaction of the trainer with young athletes as a social sample, orienting the adolescent on socially acceptable forms of behavior are put forward.Depending on how a coach motivates your pet to perform certain exercises that precisely in what way an assessment of the results, and how shall notify the teenager or the whole staff forecasting future prospects depend formation of adolescent component YA- social, which determines his attitude to the nearest society as an educational environment. Psycho- emotional comfort or discomfort that it is undergoing a young athlete during the training process, appears significant factor in its ability to make reasonable efforts not only for their own training, but also to gain and maintain this personal status, which would most reflect the requirements of the coach and the team.It is concluded that the professional training of the future trainer should include a powerful psychological and pedagogical component aimed at its education as a subject of direct and indirect impact on the personality of the child, the teenager in order to form positive social priorities in him - the basis for modeling and implementing the optimal roles in society, for the development of the most essential for this personal qualities.
BIOETHICS AS AN INTEGRAL COMPONENT OF THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF NATURAL DISCIPLINES
Authors: ONIPKO V. , ORLOVA L. 
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes theoretical and methodological principles of professional education in relation to bioethics as an interdisciplinary field in the system of natural sciences, ethics and social knowledge. The applied and ideological aspects of bioethics are substantiated by its purpose and tasks in the preparation of a modern teacher of a secondary school. The notion of bioethics as a system of views, ideas, norms and evaluations governing the behavior of people from the standpoint of life saving on the Earth has been defined, plays an increasingly important role in society and covers all the main directions of human activity, from the development of measures aimed at preservation of the environmentTaking into account the requirements of a humanistic approach, the content, methodology and organizational aspects of the application of bioethics knowledge in the preparation of the future teacher of natural sciences to the implementation of alternative methods and alternative educational means that replace the use of animals in an educational institution are revealed.Among the alternatives that can be used to replace the use of animals in the educational process, the following are proposed: models, mannequins and mechanical simulators; movies and interactive videos; computer simulations and systems of virtual reality; experimenting students on their own; experiments on plants; observation and field practice; invitro techniques on cell culture; the use of dead animals derived from humane sources (for example, animals killed by natural death or killed humanely after scientific research).
FORMATION OF OTHER INCREASING COMPETENCE OF MASTERS OF MACHINE-BUILDING SPECIALTIES BY MEANS OF MULTIMEDIA
Authors: STAVYTSKA I. 
Published: December 2022

The author describes the results of experimental work on the introduction of a methodology of the formation of foreign language competence. According to the results of the forming stage of the experiment, positive changes are found in the levels of formation of the criteria of foreign language competence of Master’s students in engineering of the experimental group in comparison with the control group. The calculations are made using methods of mathematical statistics. The formative stage of the experimental study provides the effectiveness of studying at the distance course "English for Master’s students in engineering". It is noted that the data obtained as a result of experimental work confirmed the effectiveness of the developed model of the formation of the foreign language competence of Master’s students in engineering by means of multimedia.