bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of Macrolide Resistance Pattern of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the World
Authors: Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Shojaee Sajad , Gharehbagh Farid Javandoust , Hatami Firouze , Nazhand Hadi Allahverdi , Ebadi Hadi , Zeininasab Amir Hossein , Shahrokhi Shahrzad , Kazeminia Neda , Lotfollahi Legha , Darazam Ilad Alavi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: There are increasing reports regarding macrolide resistance inMycoplasma pneumoniae, particularly in Asia. Indiscriminate consumption of macrolide could be an alarming sign worldwide. We aimed to systematically review and analyze the prevalence and pattern of resistance inMycoplasma pneumoniaeaccording to the recent studies.Methods: We searched authentic scientific sources and databases, and reference lists of relevant articles from January 1, 2017, to April 1, 2022. Meta-analyses were accomplished on the extracted and evaluated epidemiological data for proportion outcome variables, which included factors associated with Macrolide resistance, A2063G and A2064G.Results: Most of the included studies were conducted in Asia (a total number of 10353 patients). Twenty-nine qualified studies were included in order to evaluation of macrolide resistance. The overall pooled prevalence was 52% (38%-65%), I2=100%; p<0.001. While subgroups analyses revealed that the pooled prevalence for America (3 studies), Asia (23 studies), and Europe (3 studies) was 8% (6%-10%), 63% (52%-75%), and 4% (2%-7%), respectively. Seventeen eligible studies for determining of A2063G and 14 for A2064G were analyzed. Global pooled prevalence was 75% (68%-83%), I2=100%; p<0.001, and 4 %( 2%-5%), I2=89%; p<0.001 for A2063G and A2064G, respectively. Pooled prevalence of A2063G for America, Asia and Europe was 10% (4%-15%), 91% (88%-93%) and 5% (2%-9%), respectively.Conclusion: While the prevalence of macrolide-resistant MP is quite low in America, it is a great dilemma in East Asia and the low prevalence in most countries could be underestimated. This study revealed an increasing trend in macrolide resistance. Indiscriminate and improper use of macrolides may be a warning in this regard.
Earliest evidence for hunter-gatherer impacts on raven diet and ecology in the Gravettian of Southern Moravia
Authors: Baumann Chris , Hussain Shumon , Roblíčková Martina , Riede Felix , Mannino Marcello , Bocherens Hervé 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Early Gravettian of Southern Moravia – the Pavlovian – is notable for its corvid-rich faunal assemblages dominated by common ravens (Corvus corax). Based on the available zooarchaeological and settlement data from the Pavlovian, it has been hypothesized that ravens were attracted by human domestic activities and subsequently captured by Pavlovian people for food and feathers. Here, we report independent δ15N, δ13C and δ34S isotope data obtained from twelve adult common ravens from the Pavlovian key sites of Předmostí I, Pavlov I and Dolní Věstonice I. We show that these ravens had diets surprisingly rich in mammoth, thus strongly aligning in feeding preferences with contemporary early Homo sapiens foragers. We isolate two groups of ravens with distinct dietary profiles and argue that these opportunistic-generalist feeders were both attracted from adjacent regions and encouraged locally through human activity. These data provide the earliest direct evidence for incipient synanthropism among Upper Palaeolithic ravens. We suggest that subtle anthropogenic ecosystem engineering, including carrion supply dynamics, furnishes unique contexts for the emergence of synanthropism, affirming deep-historical roots in Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer contexts. The coalescence of synanthropic niches can promote novel foraging opportunities and human-environment feedback dynamics and is thus important for understanding early human ecosystem impacts.
The genomic epidemiology of Escherichia albertii
Authors: Bengtsson Rebecca , Baker Kate , Cunningham Andrew , Greig David , John Shinto , Macgregor Shaheed , Seilern-Moy Katharina , Spiro Simon , Chong Charlotte , De Silva Malaka , Jenkins Claire , Lawson Becki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Escherichia albertii is a recently identified gastrointestinal bacterial pathogen of humans and animals which is typically misidentified and generally only detected during genomic surveillance of other Enterobacteriaceae. The incidence of E. albertii is likely underestimated and its epidemiology and clinical relevance are poorly characterised. Here, we whole genome sequenced E. albertii isolates from humans (n = 83) and birds (n = 79) in Great Britain and analysed a broader public dataset (n = 475) to address these gaps. We found human and avian isolates typically (90%; 148/164) belonged to host-associated monophyletic groups with distinct virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Overlaid patient epidemiological data suggested that human infection was likely related to travel and possibly foodborne transmission. The Shiga toxin encoding stx2f gene was associated with clinical disease (OR = 10.27, 95% CI = 2.98–35.45 p = 0.0002) in finches. Our results suggest that improved future surveillance will further elucidate disease ecology and public and animal health risks associated with E. albertii.
Novel grafted hydrogel for Iron and ammonia removal from ground water, synthesis and computational chemistry study
Authors: El-Salam H. M. Abd , Shafey Ali M El , Abdel-Latif Mahmoud K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Researches are moving to iron and ammonia elimination from ground water. Here, we are using poly acrylic–poly acrylamide hydrogel which grafted with 3-chloroaniline. This copolymer was synthesized by addition polymerization. Effect of agitation time, dosage and adsorbents temperature on the removal process sensitivity has been investigated. The copolymer was described experientially and theoretically. Isothermal, kinetic adsorption models and were discussed. This hydrogel could be regenerated efficiently (98.3%removal of iron and 100% removal of ammonia). Density functional theory DFT method using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p),LANL2DZ level of the theory were managed to investigate stationary states of grafted co-polymer and the complexation energy of the hydrogel with the studied cations. NBO analysis is using DFT to investigate the negative centers on the hydrogel. The complexation energy showed selectively of hydrogel to studied cations.
Management and outcomes after Trans-Epithelium Photorefractive Keratectomy and Laser-Assisted Sub-Epithelium Keratectomy in the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Tian Mingxia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate surface ablation outcomes in the COVID-19 period.
Methods: In total, 110 eyes that underwent trans-epithelium photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) and 93 eyes that underwent laser-assisted sub-epithelium keratectomy (LASEK) were included. Although many patients were unable to attend a follow-up for a period because of COVID-19 restrictions, doctors and patients had done lots of work to make up for it. Postoperative 6 months vision, refraction, tonometry, corneal epithelium recovery, and corneal haze were determined.
Results: All included patients gained their expected vision. The postoperative LogMAR vision at 6 months was –0.097 ± 0.022, and spherical equivalent (SE) was 0.15 ± 0.26 D. The corneal epithelium recovered at postoperative 5.38 ± 1.15 days, and vision recovered at 9.48 ± 4.12 days. Ocular hypertension was found in 18.27% of patients on postoperative day 52.95 ± 31.60, and corneal haze was found in 7.69% of patients on postoperative day 57.38 ± 22.62. The haze grade was 0.75 ± 0.53, and both hypertension and haze were controlled. TransPRK achieved faster epithelium recovery on postoperative day 8.51 ± 4.19 than LASEK (10.48 ± 3.84 days, P=0.03) and better postoperative SE than LASEK (0.11 ± 0.27D and 0.20 ± 0.25D, respectively, P=0.015).
Conclusions: TransPRK and LASEK are safe and effective for correcting refractive errors during the inconvenient COVID-19 epidemic. TransPRK might achieve faster recovery of vision and better refraction results. Nevertheless, regular visits are necessary to avoid complications such as corneal haze and corticosteroid ocular hypertension.
Postoperative fasting plasma glucose and family history diabetes mellitus can predict post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Wang Le , Huang Jin , Li Yajuan , Shi Kewei , Gao Sai , Zhao Wangcheng , Zhang Shanshan , Ding Chenguang , Gao Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To explore whether glycated albumin (GA) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG), both routinely monitored during patients’ hospital stay, can be used to predict post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM).
Methods
All kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs) from January 2017 to December 2018 were followed-up for 1 year. PTDM was diagnosed from day 45 post-operation to 1 year. When the completeness was above 80%, FPG or GA data on the day was selected, analyzed, and presented as range parameters and standard deviation (SD) and compared between PTDM and non-PTDM groups in fluctuation and stable periods. The predictive cut-off values were determined via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The PTDM combined predictive mode, formed by the independent risk factors derived from logistic regression analyses, was compared with each independent risk factor with the independent ROC curve test.
Results
Among 536 KTRs, 38 patients developed PTDM up to 1 year post-operatively. The family history diabetes mellitus (DM; OR, 3.21; P = 0.035), the FPG SD in fluctuation period > 2.09 mmol/L (OR, 3.06; P = 0.002), and the FPG maximum in stable period > 5.08 mmol/L (OR, 6.85; P < 0.001) were the PTDM independent risk factors. The discrimination of the combined mode (area under the curve = 0.81, sensitivity = 73.68%, and specificity = 76.31%) was higher than each prediction (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The FPG SD during the fluctuation period, FPG maximum during the stable period, and family history DM predicted PTDM with good discrimination and potential routine clinical use.
Impact of race-independent equations on estimating glomerular filtration rate for the assessment of kidney dysfunction in liver disease
Authors: Stämmler Frank , Derain-Dubourg Laurence , Lemoine Sandrine , Meeusen Jeffrey W. , Dasari Surendra , Lieske John C. , Robertson Andrew , Schiffer Eric 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Altered hemodynamics in liver disease often results in overestimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by creatinine-based GFR estimating (eGFR) equations. Recently, we have validated a novel eGFR equation based on serum myo-inositol, valine, and creatinine quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with cystatin C, age and sex (GFRNMR). We hypothesized that GFRNMRcould improve chronic kidney disease (CKD) classification in the setting of liver disease.
Results: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study in 205 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), comparing the performance of GFRNMRto that of validated CKD-EPI eGFR equations, including eGFRcr (based on creatinine) and eGFRcr-cys (based on both creatinine and cystatin C), using measured GFR as reference standard. GFRNMR outperformed all other equations with a low overall median bias (-1 vs. -6 to 4 ml/min/1.73 m2 for the other equations; p < 0.05) and the lowest difference in bias between reduced and preserved liver function (-3 vs. -16 to -8 ml/min/1.73 m2for other equations). Concordant classification by CKD stage was highest for GFRNMR (59% vs. 48% to 53%) and less biased in estimating CKD severity compared to the other equations. GFRNMR P30 accuracy (83%) was higher than that of eGFRcr (75%; p = 0.019) and comparable to that of eGFRcr-cys (86%; p = 0.578).
Conclusions: Addition of myo-inositol and valine to creatinine and cystatin C in GFRNMR further improved GFR estimation in CLD patients and accurately stratified liver disease patients into CKD stages.
Impacts of the Indian Summer Monsoon on the southern boundary water vapor transport and precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Chen Jinghua , Yang Kai , Deng Liping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Water vapor transport plays a significant role in maintaining the water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This study investigates the characteristics of water vapor transport across TP southern boundaries and its impacts on TP precipitation during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) season from 2000 to 2019. The southern boundary is subdivided into four sub-boundaries (boundaries 7, 8, 9, and 10) from the east to the west. Water vapor transports of boundaries 7, 8, and 9 are mainly affected by ISM, while mid-latitude westerlies dominate the water vapor transport of boundary 10. The results show that the PCR precipitation concentrated over the center TP in both ISM strong and weak months is smaller in the ISM weak months than the normal months for most of the day, while it is larger in the ISM strong months than the normal months. The PCR precipitation correlates positively with the water vapor transport across boundary 10 in both the ISM strong and weak months. Although there is water vapor transport across boundary 7 in both the ISM weak and strong months, the water vapor can hardly be brought to PCR. The correlation between the PCR precipitation and the water vapor from the BOB and the Arabian Sea is more intense in ISM strong months than in ISM weak months. Conversely, the water vapor transport efficiency is low in ISM strong months due to a cyclonic circulation over northern India, preventing water vapor transport from reaching the TP directly.
Nonlinear Energy Localisation in a Model of Plane Metamaterial
Authors: Coclite Giuseppe Maria , DE TOMMASI DOMENICO , MADDALENA FRANCESCO , ROMANO MARZIA , TRENTADUE FRANCESCO 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Applying the concepts of Nonlinear Normal Modes and Limiting Phase Trajectories introduced by L. I. Manevitch in [46] to a two-dimensional mass-spring system, the authors propose a generalised method to tune a plane metamaterial and get the desirable resonant behaviour at short wavelengths. Indeed, the account of nonlinear coupling between the oscillators enables the localisation of energy leading the origin of a bandgap at short wavelengths regardless the existence of external disturbances. Moreover, further restrictions on the modes amplitude allow the observation of FermiPasta-Ulam-Tsingou recurrence and super-recurrence in the two-dimensional metamaterial. These findings can open the way to further research in order to improve efficiency and performance of resonant metamaterials.
Effect of environmental variables on mercury accumulation in sediments of an anthropogenically impacted tropical estuary (Buenaventura Bay, Colombian Pacific)
Authors: Molina Andrés , Duque Guillermo , Cogua Pilar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Estuaries are the main entry areas of mercury to the marine environment and are important to understand the effect of this contaminant on marine organisms, since it accumulates in the sediments becoming available to enter the food trophic chain. This study aims to determine the environmental variables that mainly influence the spatiotemporal dynamics of total mercury accumulation in sediments of tropical estuaries. Sediment samples were collected from interior and exterior areas of the estuary during the dry and rainy seasons, representing the spatiotemporal gradients of the estuary. The grain size, organic matter content (OM), and total mercury concentration (THg) of the sediment samples were determined. In addition, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH of the water column associated with each sediment sample were assessed. The variations in environmental conditions, OM and THg in sediment were in accordance with a gradient which goes from conditions influenced by fresh water in the inner estuary to conditions influenced by sea water in the outer part of the estuary. The OM and THg in sediments presented similar variation patterns; they were higher in the rainy season than in the dry season and in the interior area of the estuary than in the exterior area. Despite the complex dynamic observed in the distribution and accumulation processes of mercury in sediments, these processes could be modeled from OM and salinity parameters. Due to the correlations found, in the process of accumulation of mercury in sediments the OM could represents the pathway of transport and accumulation of THg, and salinity could represent the influence of the hydroclimatic variations and environmental gradients of the estuary.
The Anti-Proliferative Effects of a Frankincense Extract in a Window of Opportunity Phase Ia Clinical Trial for Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Bonilla Ingrid V. , Garcia Denise , Abbott Andrea , Spruill Laura , Siegel Julie , Forcucci Jessica , Hanna George , Mukherjee Rupak , Hamann Mark , Hilliard Eleanor , Lockett Mark , Cole David J. , Klauber-DeMore Nancy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background

Boswellic acids, the active components of frankincense, have been shown to suppress tumor proliferation and apoptosis in vitro with a strong clinical trial safety profile in patients with inflammatory diseases. We performed a Phase Ia window of opportunity trial of Boswellia serrata (B. serrata), the plant that produces frankincense, in patients with breast cancer to evaluate its biologic activity and safety.

Methods

This was a Phase Ia window of opportunity trial invasive breast cancer patients treated pre-operatively with B. Serrata (2400 mg/day PO) until the night before surgery. Paraffin-embedded sections from pretreatment diagnostic core biopsies were evaluated using a tunnel assay and immunohistochemistry staining with Ki-67 antibodies. A non-intervention control arm consisted of core and surgical tissue specimens from untreated patients was used to compare to patients treated with B. Serrata. The change in proliferation and apoptosis between diagnostic core specimens and specimens obtained at surgery was compared between the control and treatment groups using a two-tailed paired t-test.

Results

There was an increase in percent change in proliferation from core biopsy to surgical excision in the control group (n = 18) of 54.6 ± 21.4%. In the B. serrata-treated group there was a reduction in proliferation between core biopsy and excision (n = 18) of 13.8 ± 11.7%. The difference between core and surgical specimens was statistically significant between the control and B. serrata-treated groups (p = 0.008). There was no difference in change in apoptosis. There were no serious adverse events related to the drug.

Conclusion

Boswellia serrata inhibited breast cancer proliferation in vivo in a clinically well-tolerated Phase Ia window of opportunity trial.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier NCT03149081, date of registration May 11, 2017
Entropy – Topsis Appraisal of Brake Friction Linings Developed From Composite Agricultural Wastes Using Optimum Manufacturing Process Parameters
Authors: Columbus Egbe Donald , Ogedengbe Tunde Isaac 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, the optimum process parameters for the manufacture of brake friction linings (BFLs) from palm kernel shells (PKS), periwinkle shell (PWS) and coconut shell (CNS) composites were established using Signal – to – Noise ratio based on the Taguchi technique. The L9(34) orthogonal array was set up for the investigation in respect of the performance metrics (coefficient of friction, wear rate and hardness) which were synergized by multiple criteria evaluation. The manufacturing parameters considered were molding pressure, molding temperature, curing time and heat treatment time. Consequently, the optimized parameters were utilized for the production of different BFLs composites of PKS/PWS/CNS mix. Finally, Entropy and TOPSIS techniques were employed to isolate the best composite for comparative analysis. The results shows that the optimum process parameters obtained are respectively 29 MPa (molding pressure), 120°C (molding temperature), 6 minutes (curing time) and 2 hrs. (heat treatment time). ANOVA conducted using Minitab 21.1.0.0 reveals the effect of the molding pressure and the curing time as statistically significant at α = 0.05 with a total contribution of 94.45%. Entropy-TOPSIS analysis gave sample S2pkpc with a composition of 12%PKS, 15%PWS, 18%CNS as the best formulation. Compared to asbestos BFL, the composite shows an improvement in the coefficient of friction (45.7%), wear rate (66%), density (60.2%), oil and water absorption (233%) and (542.8%) respectively. The vehicle live test conducted on a Peugeot 301 using S2pkpc BFL affirms satisfactory performance of the composite. However, increased wear rate was noted at vehicle speed above 90km/hr.
A 3D FEM-based model of laser heating and machining for selection of process parameters and scanning path in laser-assisted machining of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Divse Vishwas , Dubey Amit , Marla Deepak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An appropriate selection of the laser parameters is critical in realizing the potential of laser-assisted machining (LAM) for hard-to-cut materials. This work presents a 3D FEM-based model of laser heating in laser-assisted machining of Ti6Al4V to select the laser parameters. The model accounts for the effect of the laser-tool gap, laser scanning speed, laser power, and laser path (linear and sinusoidal). The laser heating is modeled using a moving continuous heat source with a Gaussian intensity distribution, implemented in Abaqus/explicitTM with the help of a VDFLUX subroutine. The results suggest that the laser-tool gap plays a significant role in heating the entire cutting region. Regardless of power and scanning speed, the laser-tool gap must be sufficient to allow heating of the cutting region. The laser power should be sufficient to soften the material in the cutting zone, but it can be minimized by choosing an optimal value of the laser-tool gap. Also, sinusoidal laser scanning produced the desired thermal softening effects at lower laser powers than linear laser scanning. Accordingly, similar cutting forces are observed in LAM with sinusoidal laser scanning at only half of the laser power as that of linear laser scanning. However, due to the fluctuations in the cutting force for sinusoidal laser scanning, it can be recommended only for rough cuts in machining. The study demonstrates that through an appropriate selection of the laser parameters, the entire cutting zone can be heated to temperatures between 300-500 oC, desired in the machining of Ti6Al4V.