bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Power and Multimodal Organic Photoelectric Synaptic Transistors Modulated by Photoisomerization for UV Damage Perception and Artificial Visual Recognition
Authors: Wu Jingpeng , Wang Xin , Tang Xian , Liang Zechen , Hu Bin , Ran Yixin , Bu Laju , Lu Guanghao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLow‐power and efficiently parallel neuromorphic computing is expected to break the bottleneck of the von Neumann architecture. Due to the direct responses to optical signals, photonic synaptic devices can work as core components of artificial visual systems, accelerating the development of neural computing. Furthermore, the community is looking for effective coupling of photonic and electronic synaptic behaviors within an individual organic device to achieve further functional integration. Photoisomeric molecules with photo‐regulatable properties are expected to facilitate this process. Herein, organic photoelectric synaptic transistors (OPSTs) are constructed by introducing poly(2‐(3′,3′‐dimethyl‐6‐nitrospiro[chromene‐2,2′‐indolin]‐1′‐yl) ethyl methacrylate) (PSPMA) with photoisomeric groups, which effectively improves the photo‐synaptic response. Due to the polarization induction and light‐assisted charge trapping of PSPMA, the OPSTs simulate typical photo‐synaptic behaviors and achieve significant conductance modulation at low voltage with the assistance of UV light. The power consumption is as low as 84 aJ per event. Moreover, the OPSTs mimic UV nociceptors, recognize handwritten digits with 93.33% accuracy, and decode encrypted optical information, demonstrating the potential of applications in UV damage perception and artificial visual recognition. These findings will expand the application of photoisomeric molecules in photonic synaptic devices, and open up new possibilities for hardware architectures with coupling photonic and electronic synapses.
Polyamine‐Depleting Hydrogen‐Bond Organic Frameworks Unleash Dendritic Cell and T Cell Vigor for Targeted CRISPR/Cas‐Assisted Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Pan Yongchun , Zeng Fei , Luan Xiaowei , He Guanzhong , Qin Shurong , Lu Qianglan , He Bangshun , Han Xin , Song Yujun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolyamines have tantalized cancer researchers as a potential means to rein in the rampant growth of cancer cells. However, clinical trials in recent decades have disappointed in delivering notable progress. Herein, a microfluidic‐assisted synthetic hydrogen‐bond organic framework (HOF) as a polyamine‐depleting nanoplatforms designed to unleash the vigor of both dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells for precision cancer immunotherapy is reported. Upon internalization by tumor cells, the loaded plasma amine oxidase (PAO) in HOF efficiently depletes polyamines, remolding the tumor microenvironment and alleviating T‐cell immunosuppression. This process also generates acrolein and H2O2, triggering CRISPR‐assisted neoantigen generation. Specifically, Acrolein induces carbonyl stress, increasing mutational burdens. Simultaneously, HOF leverages the energy from the bis[2,4,5‐trichloro‐6‐(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl] oxalate (CPPO)‐H2O2 reaction for CRET‐triggered singlet oxygen production, leading to thioether bond cleavage and release CRISPR‐Cas9. Once released, CRISPR‐Cas9 knocks out the DNA mismatch repair (MMR)‐related MLH1 gene, further elevating mutational burdens and generating neoantigens, ideal targets for DCs. This dual‐action strategy not only corrects T‐cell immunosuppression but also enhances DC efficacy, presenting a powerful approach for tumor immunotherapy.
Tribology in Nature: Inspirations for Advanced Lubrication Materials
Authors: Qin Chenxi , Yang Hao , Lu Yaqiong , Li Bin , Ma Shuanhong , Ma Yanfei , Zhou Feng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFriction‐induced energy consumption is a significant global concern, driving researchers to explore advanced lubrication materials. In nature, lubrication is vital for the life cycle of animals, plants, and humans, playing key roles in movement, predation, and decomposition. After billions of years of evolution, natural lubrication exhibits remarkable professionalism, high efficiency, durability, and intelligence, offering valuable insights for designing advanced lubrication materials. This review focuses on the lubrication mechanisms of natural organisms and significant advancements in biomimetic soft matter lubrication materials. It begins by summarizing common biological lubrication behaviors and their underlying mechanisms, followed by current design strategies for biomimetic soft matter lubrication materials. The review then outlines the development and performance of these materials based on different mechanisms and strategies. Finally, it discusses potential research directions and prospects for soft matter lubrication materials. This review will be a valuable resource for advancing research in biomimetic lubrication materials.
Molybdate‐Modified NiOOH for Efficient Methanol‐Assisted Seawater Electrolysis
Authors: Li Zhen , Zheng Youbin , Zu Wenhan , Dong Liang , Lee Lawrence Yoon Suk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSeawater electrolysis holds great promise for sustainable, green hydrogen production but faces challenges of high overpotentials and competing chlorine evolution reaction (CER). Replacing the oxygen evolution reaction with the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) presents a compelling alternative due to its lower anodic potential which mitigates the risk of CER. While NiOOH is known for its MOR activity, its performance is limited by sluggish non‐electrochemical kinetics and Cl‐induced degradation. Herein, a MoO42−‐modified NiOOH electrocatalyst is reported that significantly enhances MOR‐assisted seawater splitting efficiency. In situ leached MoO42− from the heterojunction optimizes methanol adsorption and facilitates proton migration, thereby accelerating the non‐electrochemical steps in MOR. Additionally, the adsorbed MoO42− effectively repels Cl−, protecting the electrodes from Cl−‐induced corrosion. The MOR‐assisted electrolyzer using NiMo||Ni(OH)2/NiMoO₄ requires only 1.312 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2, substantially lower than conventional alkaline seawater electrolysis (1.576 V). Furthermore, it demonstrates remarkable stability, sustaining high current densities (up to 1.0 A cm−2) for over 130 h. This work presents a promising strategy for designing high‐performance electrocatalysts for efficient and sustainable green hydrogen production from seawater.
Dipeptidic Phosphonates: Potent Inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Elastase B Showing Efficacy in a Murine Keratitis Model
Authors: Kiefer Alexander F. , Schütz Christian , Englisch Colya N. , Kolling Dominik , Speicher Samira , Kany Andreas M. , Shafiei Roya , Wadood Noran A. , Aljohmani Ahmad , Wirschem Niklas , Jumde Ravindra P. , Klein Andreas , Sikandar Asfandyar , Park Yu‐Mi , Krasteva‐Christ Gabriela , Yildiz Daniela , Abdelsamie Ahmed S. , Rox Katharina , Köhnke Jesko , Müller Rolf , Bischoff Markus , Haupenthal Jörg , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for severe infections and notoriously known for acquiring antimicrobial resistance. Inhibiting the bacterium's extracellular elastase, LasB – a zinc‐dependent protease – presents a promising strategy to mitigate its virulence. Within this medicinal chemistry–driven hit‐to‐lead optimization campaign, a new series of highly potent dipeptidic phosphonates is designed and synthesized following a structure–based drug‐discovery approach. In vitro and in vivo evaluation reveal beneficial pharmacokinetic profiles, excellent selectivity over human off‐targets and good tolerability in murine toxicity studies. Ultimately, the scaffold presented herein demonstrates promising in vivo efficacy in a murine Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis model in combination with the antibiotic meropenem.
Siloxane Decorated Water‐Obstructing Guest for Efficient Air‐Processed OSCs
Authors: He Yurong , Miao Wentao , Hu Tianyu , Su Junchi , Saparbaev Aziz , Wan Ming , Wu Jingnan , Li Yuda , Xiang Huimin , Wang Ergang , Wang Xunchang , Yang Renqiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe future applications of organic solar cells (OSCs) necessitate a thorough consideration of their ambient stability and processability, particularly for large area air‐processed engineering, but water‐induced degradation of active layer critically restricts its development. To surmount this hurdle, a water‐obstructing guest (WOG) strategy is proposed to attenuate the interaction of the active layer with water molecules, reduce defects in blend films, and enhance the devices stability under high relative humidity (RH) conditions by introducing a siloxane‐containing polymer D18‐SiO. In addition to suppressing trap density, the WOG with hydrophobic and low surface free energy characteristics, forms a capping layer that blocks moisture penetration while preserving ideal nano‐micromorphology with high crystallinity and tight packing properties. Power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of >19% is reported for spin coating OSCs fabricated across an RH range of 20 to 90%, and PCE of >17% blade coating OSCs at 90% RH. The D18‐SiO, serves as a protective barrier to enhance the device stability, and the corresponding unencapsulated OSCs retained 80.7% of its initial performance in air (≈ 40% RH) after 600‐h maximum power point tracking under continuous light illumination, showcasing great potential in designing WOG strategy for large‐scale production of air‐processed OSCs.
Integrative Multi‐Omics Approaches Reveal Selectivity Profiles and Molecular Mechanisms of FIIN‐2, a Covalent FGFR Inhibitor
Authors: Fu Ying , Zhu Dandan , Chen Xiaojuan , Qu Lingzhi , Guo Ming , Zhang Shuhong , Xu Guangyu , Chen Zhuchu , Li Maoyu , Chen Yongheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors are emerged as an important class of targeted therapies in oncology, targeting key pathways associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis, and resistance to conventional treatments. FIIN‐2, the first irreversible covalent pan‐FGFR inhibitor, has shown promise in overcoming resistance due to gatekeeper mutations; however, its selectivity and molecular mechanisms in tumors remain poorly understood. In this study, an FIIN‐2 chemical probe is designed and synthesized to identify both established and novel targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via chemoproteomic profiling. An integrative multi‐omics approach, including chemoproteomic, phosphoproteomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses, is utilized to elucidate the full spectrum of target proteins, signaling pathways, and downstream effectors regulated by FIIN‐2 in HCC. Notably, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) is identified as a novel target of FIIN‐2, with Cys185 identified as its covalent binding site. These findings reveal that FIIN‐2 can induce autophagy by directly binding to and activating AMPKα1, influencing its anti‐tumor activity in HCC cells. Overall, this study greatly advances the understanding of FIIN‐2′s on‐ and off‐target effects, offering a comprehensive view of its molecular mechanisms in cancer cells. The integrative multi‐omics approach provides a valuable framework for the development and optimization of covalent kinase inhibitors.
Effect of Crystal Symmetry of Lead Halide Perovskites on the Optical Orientation of Excitons
Authors: Kopteva Nataliia E. , Yakovlev Dmitri R. , Yalcin Eyüp , Kalitukha Ina V. , Akimov Ilya A. , Nestoklon Mikhail O. , Turedi Bekir , Hordiichuk Oleh , Dirin Dmitry N. , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Bayer Manfred 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe great variety of lead halide perovskite semiconductors represents an outstanding platform for studying crystal symmetry effects on the spin‐dependent properties. Access to them is granted through the optical orientation of exciton and carrier spins by circularly polarized photons. Here, the exciton spin polarization is investigated at 1.6 K cryogenic temperature in four lead halide perovskite crystals with different symmetries: (almost) cubic in FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2 and FAPbBr3, and orthorhombic in MAPbI3 and CsPbBr3. Giant optical orientation of 85% is found for the excitons in FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2, MAPbI3, and CsPbBr3, while it amounts to 20% in FAPbBr3. For all studied crystals, the optical orientation is robust to detuning of the laser photon energy from the exciton resonance, remaining constant for high energy detunings up to 0.3 eV, above which it continuously decreases to zero for detunings exceeding 1 eV. No acceleration of the spin relaxation for excitons with large kinetic energy is found in the cubic and orthorhombic crystals. This evidences the absence of the Dyakonov‐Perel spin relaxation mechanism, which is based on the Rashba‐Dresselhaus splitting of spin states at finite k‐vectors. This indicates that the spatial inversion symmetry is maintained in perovskite crystals, independent of the cubic or orthorhombic phase.
Civic engagement among adolescents: Spanish adaptation and validation of the civic engagement scale
Authors: Ayllón‐Salas Patricia , Arco‐Tirado José L. , Fernández‐Martín Francisco D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe aim of this research was to adapt and validate the Civic Engagement Scale (CES) developed by Doolittle & Faul for the Spanish adolescent population while providing empirical support for its psychometric properties. After administering the instruments to 965 adolescents from high schools, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to explore the structure, and reliability was assessed through two approaches: internal consistency and composite reliability. The study confirmed a first‐order factor structure with two correlated factors, and the proposed model exhibited satisfactory internal consistency indices. External evidence supporting the validity of the instrument was also established. This research underscores that the Spanish version of the CES is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating civic attitudes and behavior among Spanish adolescents.
Effect of Curcumin Cross‐Linked Epoxy Soybean Oil on Mechanical Properties and UV Resistance of Polylactic Acid
Authors: Zou Zixuan , Wei Xuejing , Yao Jiayi , Sun Li , Wang Hua , Chen Shaohua , Wang Luoxin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn order to improve the mechanical properties and UV resistance of polylactic acid (PLA) composites, a bio‐based additive (ESO‐CUR) was synthesized by one‐pot method. A new environment‐friendly toughening agent was synthesized by using epoxy soybean oil (ESO) as the core material and curcumin (CUR) as the curing agent. PLA composite material with toughening and UV resistance was prepared by melt blending process. Among them, the elongation at break of 6%ESO‐CUR/PLA reached 20.26% in the tensile test, which was 11.8 times higher than that of pure PLA. In addition, 6%ESO‐CUR/PLA has excellent UV resistance, and the UV protection factor (UPF) is increased from 3.1 to 15,485 of pure PLA. The results show that the new environmental protection toughening agent has a significant synergistic effect on improving the mechanical properties and UV protection properties of PLA. In order to reduce the white pollution caused by traditional plastics, it provides a new way to prepare biodegradable materials with excellent properties.
Spatial structure of local winds “Rokko‐oroshi”: A case study using Doppler lidar observation and WRF simulation
Authors: Abe Hirotaka , Kusaka Hiroyuki , Azegami Yasuhiko , Tanaka Hideyuki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRokko‐oroshi is a northerly local wind blowing in the mega‐city Kobe, Japan. This wind blows from the Rokko Mountains. This study analyzed the three‐dimensional structure of Rokko‐oroshi observed with a near‐surface anemometer and Doppler lidar on January 16, 2023. Furthermore, numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model revealed the factors responsible for the strong winds. The results showed that Rokko‐oroshi on January 16, 2023 was a bora‐type downslope windstorm. The Doppler lidar observed the strong winds of Rokko‐oroshi and a stagnant layer immediately above them. Numerical simulation results indicated the stagnant layer was formed by mountain‐wave breaking. Under this stagnant layer, the airflow transitioned from subcritical to supercritical, resulting in the strong winds of Rokko‐oroshi. This Rokko‐oroshi was accompanied by a hydraulic jump. The occurrence of the Rokko‐oroshi was supported by an upper‐level critical layer and a lower‐level strong stable layer on the windward side of the Rokko Mountains.
Focal therapy in prostate cancer: Development, application and outcomes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Rokan Nadia , Reddy Deepika 
Published: February 2025

AbstractProstate cancer is a significant health issue in the United Kingdom, with rising incidence rates prompting the exploration of innovative treatment options. Focal therapy has emerged as a targeted approach that aims to treat localised prostate cancer while minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue and subsequent adverse side effects. Focal therapy is National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)‐approved treatment modality for patients with intermediate‐risk localised prostate cancer. This is an evolving field, reflecting the rapidly improved understanding of both the trajectory patients face following a diagnosis of prostate cancer, and how best to apply ablative techniques.In this narrative review, we evaluate the historical development, current practices, clinical outcome reported in UK‐based studies, and future directions of focal therapy for prostate cancer in the United Kingdom, highlighting its evolution as a viable treatment option.
A cross‐cultural examination of elementary students' perceptions of academic feedback
Authors: Troy Alexandra , Christianti Devina , Weisen Shelby , Hunter Iain , Van Boekel Martin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith a growing emphasis on students playing an active role in the feedback process, understanding how students perceive academic feedback is essential to support the implementation of relevant strategies that can drive better engagement. The current study explored elementary school students' perceptions of feedback in two different contexts/cultures: the United Kingdom and Indonesia. Results suggest that younger students in the United Kingdom and older students in Indonesia hold similar understandings of the purpose of feedback (task‐based), with older students in the United Kingdom showing higher awareness of the importance of process‐based feedback. However, when it comes to the desired type of feedback, UK students preferred more self/praise‐based feedback, while Indonesian students preferred task‐based feedback. Potential reasons for these differences are discussed.
Bi4Ti3O12 Crystallized in 40Bi2O3‐40B2O3‐20TiO2 Glass Matrix for Photo‐Piezocatalytic Dye Degradation
Authors: Moharana Ashis Kumar , Gaur Akshay , Vaish Rahul 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe coupling of photocatalysis and piezocatalysis has gained significant interest among researchers. In this study, we present the photo‐piezocatalytic activity exhibited by bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) glass‐ceramics (BTO‐GC). BTO‐GC samples were prepared in a glass system of 40Bi2O3‐40B2O3‐20TiO2 (in mol %) by using the melt‐quench technique. The catalyst was characterized by the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique and Raman spectroscopy for its structure and phase analysis. Surface morphology and chemical composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The catalytic performance of BTO‐GC was evaluated in photocatalysis, piezocatalysis, and photo‐piezocatalysis processes. Methylene blue (MB) dye degradation was evaluated by using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. A maximum degradation performance of ~86% was achieved in the solar light photocatalysis process. This study highlights the synergistic photo‐piezocatalytic performance in glass‐ceramics and advances the understanding of its underlying mechanism.
Effects of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cerebellar Brain Inhibition as a Function of TMS Coil Orientation
Authors: Steiner Katharina M. , Nicksirat Seyed Ali , Thieme Andreas , Müntefering Lara , Ernst Thomas M. , Timmann Dagmar , Batsikadze Giorgi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionCerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) is a way to quantify the cerebellar influence on the motor cortex in humans. Studies suggest that the orientation of the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coil influences which motor networks are activated.This study investigated the influence of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on CBI as a function of coil orientation (anterior–posterior [AP] vs. posterior–anterior [PA]). An interstimulus interval (ISI) of 7 ms (CBI‐AP‐7) was used for AP orientation and 5 ms (CBI‐PA‐5) for PA orientation.MethodsYoung and healthy participants received anodal, cathodal, or sham ctDCS treatment for 15 min on three different days. On each day, CBI was determined for both coil positions immediately after and 30, 60, and 120 min after ctDCS application.ResultsFor CBI‐PA‐5, no significant ctDCS effect was detected. For CBI‐AP‐7, there was an increase in CBI by anodal ctDCS and a decrease in CBI by cathodal ctDCS, although the latter did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionFindings provide further support that different cerebello–cerebral motor networks may be activated in CBI‐AP‐7 and CBI‐PA‐5, with only CBI‐AP‐7 being significantly affected by ctDCS. CBI‐AP‐7 may be a more sensitive tool for investigating CBI effects than the CBI‐PA‐5 procedure, which is most commonly used.
Lithium Borate/Boric Acid Optimized Multifunctional Binder Facilitates Silicon Anodes With Enhanced Initial Coulombic Efficiency, Structural Strength, and Cycling Stability
Authors: Wang Xiang , Li Tingting , Liang Naiwen , Liu Xiaofan , Zhang Fan , Li Yangfan , Yang Yating , Yang Yujie , Ma Wenqing , Wang Zhongchang , Yin Jiang , Yang Yahui , Yang Lishan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSilicon‐based anodes are among the most appealing possibilities for high‐capacity anode materials, considering that they possess a high theoretical capacity. However, the significant volumetric changes during cycling lead to rapid capacity degradation, hindering their commercial application in high‐energy density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). This research introduces a novel organic‐inorganic cross‐linked binder system: sodium alginate‐lithium borate‐boric acid (Alg‐LBO‐BA). This three‐dimensional network structure effectively buffers the volumetric changes of Si particles, maintaining overall electrode stability. LBO serves as prelithiation agent, compensating for irreversible lithium consumption during SEI formation, and the Si−O−B structure offers a plethora of Lewis acid sites, enhancing lithium‐ion transport and interfacial stability. At a current activation of 0.2 A g−1, the optimized silicon anode shows an initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 91%. After 200 cycles at 1 A g−1, it retains a reversible capacity of 1631.8 mAh g−1 and achieves 1768.0 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 5 A g−1. This study presents a novel approach to designing organic‐inorganic binders for silicon anodes, significantly advancing the development of high‐performance silicon anodes.