bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cytotoxicity of karanjin toward breast cancer cells is involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Jinsong , Yang Han , Lv Chunliu , Dai Xiaowei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKaranjin is a bioactive furanoflavonoid with various pharmacological activities including anticancer activities. However, the effect and the related mechanism of karanjin in breast cancer (BC) have not been revealed. The potential targets of karanjin and BC were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards databases, respectively. The overlapping targets between karanjin and BC were identified using the Venn diagram. DAVID database was used for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analysis. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were examined by MTT (3‐(4, 5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide), EdU (5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine) incorporation, and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick‐end labeling) assays, respectively. The protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. We screened out 28 overlapping targets between karanjin and BC. KEGG analysis showed that the targets of karanjin in BC were associated with the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Karanjin inhibited cell viability and impeded the proliferative ability of BC cells. Moreover, karanjin treatment induced apoptosis in BC cells. Additionally, karanjin treatment blocked the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway reversed the antitumor effect of karanjin on BC cells. In conclusion, karanjin exerted antitumor activity in BC cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Hormonal and behavioral responses to an infant simulator in women with and without children
Authors: Sinisalo Hanneli , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Peltola Mikko J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated the impact of maternal status on hormonal reactivity and behavioral responses to an infant simulator in 117 women (54 primiparous, 63 nulliparous). The amount of affectionate touch and motherese were analyzed as behavioral measures of caregiving. Saliva was collected before and 10 min after interaction with the infant simulator to analyze oxytocin, testosterone, cortisol, and estradiol levels. Nulliparous women also provided information about their fertility motivation. Linear mixed models indicated that greater use of affectionate touch was associated with lower overall testosterone levels. Cortisol decreased in response to the interaction in both groups. In the primiparous group, the amount of affectionate touch associated inversely with cortisol levels, whereas in the nulliparous group such association was not found. Oxytocin or estradiol reactivity to the simulator did not differ between the groups, nor were these hormones associated with behavior. Higher fertility motivation in nulliparous women was related to more motherese, and lower testosterone levels. Our results indicate that the simulator elicits hormonal reactivity both in mothers and nonmothers, but the patterns of associations between caregiving behavior and hormonal levels may be partially different. These results encourage using the infant simulator to explore hormonal processes related to the transition to parenthood.
Anthropometric parameters‐derived estimation of muscle mass predicts all‐cause mortality in heart failure patients
Authors: Katano Satoshi , Honma Suguru , Nagaoka Ryohei , Numazawa Ryo , Yamano Kotaro , Fujisawa Yusuke , Ohori Katsuhiko , Kouzu Hidemichi , Hashimoto Akiyoshi , Katayose Masaki , Yano Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsReduction in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) has been shown to be independently associated with a higher mortality rate in patients with heart failure (HF). However, DEXA is not suitable for measurement of muscle mass in a daily clinical setting and in large population‐based studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether ASMI predicted from anthropometric indicators (predicted ASMI) serves as an alternative to DEXA‐measured ASMI for predicting all‐cause death in HF patients.Methods and ResultsData for 539 HF patients who received a DEXA scan and measurements of calf circumferences (CC) and mid‐arm circumferences (MAC) in our hospital were analysed. Predicted ASMI was calculated as we previously reported: predicted ASMI (kg/m2) = [0.214 × weight (kg) + 0.217 × CC (cm) − 0.189 × MAC (cm) + 1.098 (male = 1, female = −1) + 0.576]/height2 (m2). Low ASMI values were defined as <7.00 kg/m2 and <5.40 kg/m2 for men and women, respectively, according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The median follow‐up period was 1.75 years (interquartile range, 0.96–2.37 years), and 79 patients (15%) died. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with low DEXA‐measured ASMI and patients with low predicted ASMI had significantly lower survival rates than those for patients with high ASMI. In multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses adjusted for age, sex, logarithmic B‐type natriuretic peptide, cystatin C based‐estimated glomerular filtration rate, and gait speed, DEXA‐measured ASMI [hazard ratio (HR), 0.982; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.967–0.998; P = 0.026] and predicted ASMI (HR, 0.979; 95% CI, 0.962–0.996; P = 0.018) were independent predictors of all‐cause mortality. Inclusion of predicted ASMI into the adjustment model significantly improved continuous net reclassification improvement (0.338; 95% CI, 0.103–0.572; P < 0.01) and integrated discrimination improvement (0.020; 95% CI, 0.004–0.035; P < 0.05) for predicting mortality after discharge.ConclusionsPredicted ASMI, as well as DEXA‐measured ASMI, can predict all‐cause death in HF patients, and calculation of predicted ASMI will be useful for detecting high‐risk patients in a daily clinical setting and in large population‐based studies.
The role of the parahippocampal cortex in landmark‐based distance estimation based on the contextual hypothesis
Authors: Liang Qunjun , Liao Jiajun , Li Jinhui , Zheng Senning , Jiang Xiaoqian , Huang Ruiwang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParahippocampal cortex (PHC) is a vital neural bases in spatial navigation. However, its functional role is still unclear. “Contextual hypothesis,” which assumes that the PHC participates in processing the spatial association between the landmark and destination, provides a potential answer to the question. Nevertheless, the hypothesis was previously tested using the picture categorization task, which is indirectly related to spatial navigation. By now, study is still needed for testing the hypothesis with a navigation‐related paradigm. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis by an fMRI experiment in which participants performed a distance estimation task in a virtual environment under three different conditions: landmark free (LF), stable landmark (SL), and ambiguous landmark (AL). By analyzing the behavioral data, we found that the presence of an SL improved the participants' performance in distance estimation. Comparing the brain activity in SL‐versus‐LF contrast as well as AL‐versus‐LF contrast, we found that the PHC was activated by the SL rather than by AL when encoding the distance. This indicates that the PHC is elicited by strongly associated context and encodes the landmark reference for distance perception. Furthermore, accessing the representational similarity with the activity of the PHC across conditions, we observed a high similarity within the same condition but low similarity between conditions. This result indicated that the PHC sustains the contextual information for discriminating between scenes. Our findings provided insights into the neural correlates of the landmark information processing from the perspective of contextual hypothesis.
Profiles of copper intrauterine devices and levonorgestrel intrauterine systems users in France in 2019: A national observational population‐based study
Authors: Roland Noémie , Baricault Bérangère , Dray‐Spira Rosemary , Weill Alain , Duranteau Lise , Zureik Mahmoud 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the user profiles of copper intrauterine devices (Cu‐IUD) and levonorgestrel intrauterine systems (LNG‐IUS) in France in 2019 and the rates of continuation 1 year later.MethodsA population‐based study was conducted of all French women aged 13–49 years for whom an IUD was dispensed in 2019. Information was collected from the French National Health Data System about their characteristics at the time of dispensation and indicators of continued use 1 year later. Associations between these characteristics and the type of IUD were analyzed using multivariate regressions.ResultsA total of 477 705 Cu‐IUDs and 355 242 LNG‐IUSs (mean age 32.5 ± 7.3 and 36.4 ± 7.7 years, respectively) were dispensed in 2019. After adjustment, having a LNG‐IUS rather than a Cu‐IUD was associated with being aged 35–44 years compared to 25–35 years (odds ratio [OR35–44] 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.01–2.05), having a prescription by a gynecologist rather than a general practitioner (OR35–44 1.09, 95% CI 1.08–1.11), and having a gynecological history (OR35–44 2.28, 95% CI 2.20–2.36). The continuation rates 1 year after dispensation were 86.4% for Cu‐IUD versus 85.7% for LNG‐IUS. A Cu‐IUD dispensation rather than a LNG‐IUS one was associated with a higher chance of continued use 1 year later.ConclusionTwo different patterns of use of Cu‐IUDs and LNG‐IUSs in France are highlighted.
Potential issues specific to cytotoxicity tests of cellulose nanofibrils
Authors: Moriyama Akihiro , Ogura Isamu , Fujita Katsuhide 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCellulose nanofibrils (also called cellulose nanofibers or nanofibrillated cellulose [CNFs]) are novel polymers derived from biomass with excellent physicochemical properties and various potential applications. However, the introduction of such new materials into the market requires thorough safety studies to be conducted. Recently, toxicity testing using cultured cells has attracted attention as a safety assessment that does not rely on experimental animals. This article reviews recent information regarding the cytotoxicity testing of CNFs and highlights the issues relevant to evaluating tests. In the literature, we found that a variety of cell lines and CNF exposure concentrations was evaluated. Furthermore, the results of cytotoxicity results tests differed and were not necessarily consistent. Numerous reports that we examined had not evaluated endotoxin/microbial contamination or the interaction of CNFs with the culture medium used in the tests. The following potential specific issues involved in CNF in vitro testing, were discussed: (1) endotoxin contamination, (2) microbial contamination, (3) adsorption of culture medium components to CNFs, and (4) changes in aggregation/agglomeration and dispersion states of CNFs resulting from culture medium components. In this review, the available measurement methods and solutions for these issues are also discussed. Addressing these points will lead to a better understanding of the cellular effects of CNFs and the development of safer CNFs.
Computational studies on the excited state decay rates in aggregates of two‐coordinate Cu (I) complexes: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Aggregation Induced Emis
Authors: Lin Shiyun , Ou Qi , Peng Qian , Shuai Zhigang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo‐coordinate Cu (I) complexes have attracted great interest recently because of the rich photophysical property in solid state, including the aggregation‐induced thermal activated delayed fluorescence. Here, we summarize our theoretical investigations on the excited state structure and decay dynamics for the two‐coordinate Cu (I) complexes in solution phase and solid state by the thermal vibration correlation function rate formalism we developed earlier coupled with time‐dependent density‐functional theory within polarizable continuum model and hybrid quantum and molecular mechanics. First, for the CAACCu (I)Cl complex, we found that the nature of the excited state undergoes a change from metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) in solution to hybrid halogen‐to‐ligand charge transfer and MLCT in solid state. The bending vibrations of the CCuCl and CuCN bonds are restricted in aggregates, reducing the non‐radiative decay rate to cause strong solid‐state fluorescence. Second, for CAACCu (I)Cz, we found that both intersystem crossing (ISC) and reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) are enhanced by 2–4 orders of magnitudes upon aggregation, leading to highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The enhanced ISC and rISC rates can be attributed to the increase of the metal proportion in the frontier molecular orbitals, leading to an enhanced spin−orbit coupling between S1 and T1. The reaction barriers for ISC and rISC are much lower in solution than that in aggregate phase resulting in a decrease in energy gap and an increase in the relative reorganization energy through bending the angle ∠C − Cu − N for T1. Our theoretical studies provide a clear rationalization for the highly efficient solid‐state luminescence character of two‐coordinate Cu (I) complexes and may clarify the ongoing dispute on the understanding of the high TADF quantum efficiency.
The effect of computed tomography parameters on sarcopenia and myosteatosis assessment: a scoping review
Authors: Lortie Jevin , Gage Grace , Rush Benjamin , Heymsfield Steven B. , Szczykutowicz Timothy P. , Kuchnia Adam J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is a valuable assessment method for muscle pathologies such as sarcopenia, cachexia, and myosteatosis. However, several key underappreciated scan imaging parameters need consideration for both research and clinical use, specifically CT kilovoltage and the use of contrast material. We conducted a scoping review to assess these effects on CT muscle measures. We reviewed articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from 1970 to 2020 on the effect of intravenous contrast material and variation in CT kilovoltage on muscle mass and density. We identified 971 articles on contrast and 277 articles on kilovoltage. The number of articles that met inclusion criteria for contrast and kilovoltage was 11 and 7, respectively. Ten studies evaluated the effect of contrast on muscle density of which nine found that contrast significantly increases CT muscle density (arterial phase 6–23% increase, venous phase 19–57% increase, and delayed phase 23–43% increase). Seven out of 10 studies evaluating the effect of contrast on muscle area found significant increases in area due to contrast (≤2.58%). Six studies evaluating kilovoltage on muscle density found that lower kilovoltage resulted in a higher muscle density (14–40% increase). One study reported a significant decrease in muscle area when reducing kilovoltage (2.9%). The use of contrast and kilovoltage variations can have dramatic effects on skeletal muscle analysis and should be considered and reported in CT muscle analysis research. These significant factors in CT skeletal muscle analysis can alter clinical and research outcomes and are therefore a barrier to clinical application unless better appreciated.
Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of oil from hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.): Part 2
Authors: Girotto Francesca , Esposito Marilena , Piazza Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDOilseed‐matrix consolidation is a crucial factor when talking about oil expression because, as the cake consolidates, the coefficient of permeability inevitably decreases. Thus, any treatment that extensively ruptures cell walls reduces rigidity and hardness of the oilseed press‐cake, while improving the oil expression. Such process intensification was investigated in the present study through the introduction of the ultrasound (US) technology.Screw pressing of Cannabis sativa L. seeds was operated using a pilot scale equipment set at three different pressures (low, medium and high) to understand the correlation with the ultrasound effectiveness. Samples of non‐exhausted press‐cakes were tested for objective instrumental indices of compressibility and oil expression yields prior and after the US treatment.RESULTSUS led to a drag resistance reduction within press‐cakes, improving oil flowability through a decrease in the material cohesiveness and adhesiveness. Consistently, sonication favoured oil extraction yields and oil antioxidant capacities, which increased with respect to the untreated samples, respectively equal to +19.2% and + 29.4% for the press‐cake screwed at low pressure, to +21.8% and + 49.3% at medium pressure, and to +15.4% and + 0.5% at high pressure. Overall, US highest effectiveness was accounted for samples screwed at medium pressure.CONCLUSIONPress‐cake compressibility can be well described by macroscopic texture parameters; indeed, their decrease is linked to higher oil expression efficiencies. Sonication can help boosting oil extraction yields reducing drag resistance within the mechanical screwing equipment. These outcomes offer good potentials for US application in the hempseed technology and, more extensively, in the oil seed industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Daily stressors and mental health following disaster: A school‐based assessment of adolescent disaster survivors in China and Nepal
Authors: Newnham Elizabeth A. , Gao Xue , Guragain Bhushan , Jiao Feng , Nathan Elizabeth , Boyes Mark , Leaning Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPostdisaster daily stressors, the economic and social challenges caused or exacerbated by disasters, have significant consequences for mental health but are rarely investigated in child and adolescent populations. We assessed posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, and anxiety among adolescents affected by disasters in China and Nepal and examined the specific contributions of disaster‐related trauma exposure and daily stressors across mental health outcomes. A school‐based, cross‐sectional study was conducted with a stratified random sampling design. Adolescents living in disaster‐affected areas of southern China and Nepal (N = 4,215, 52.7% female, age range: 15–19 years) completed translated, validated measures. Mixed effects logistic regression analyses were conducted using a priori risk factors. PTSS were reported by 22.7% of participants and were higher among Nepali adolescents but did not differ between genders. Depressive symptoms were reported by 45.2% of the sample and were higher among Nepali adolescents and girls in both countries. Across all settings, disaster‐related trauma exposure was a significant risk factor for PTSS, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, China: odds ratios (ORs) = 1.44–2.06, Nepal, ORs = 1.21–2.53. High levels of household and interpersonal daily stressors further improved the models and contributed significantly to all mental health difficulties, China: ORs = 1.77–1.98, Nepal: ORs = 1.49–1.90. Postdisaster economic insecurity and interpersonal stressors are thus, likely to worsen adolescent mental health outcomes. Programs that identify and address structural inequalities for adolescents in disaster‐affected settings will have cascading effects for mental health.
Soil organic carbon stock responded more sensitively to degradation in alpine meadows than in alpine steppes on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Zhenchao , Zhan Tianyu , Li Yanpeng , Wang Yi , Yu Ting , Sun Juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGrassland degradation is commonly thought to cause soil organic carbon (SOC) change, and the response of SOC stock to degradation is highly dependent on grassland type. However, the effects of grassland type on changes in SOC stocks with grassland degradation over broad geographic scales remain unclear. Here, we explored the probably different responses of SOC stocks to grassland degradation for alpine meadows and alpine steppes based on 58 peer‐reviewed publications regarding the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that SOC stock consistently decreased with increasing degradation levels in both alpine meadows and steppes, whereas the magnitudes of reduction of SOC stock in alpine meadows were significantly larger than those in alpine steppes (p < 0.05). The variations in SOC stock were significantly positively correlated with variations in aboveground biomass in the alpine steppes only (p < 0.05) but were significantly positively correlated with variations in belowground biomass in both alpine meadows and alpine steppes (p < 0.01). The relationships between change rates of SOC stock with initial SOC stock and mean annual precipitation were both significantly negative during the lightly and moderately degraded stages, while the negative relationship became nonsignificant for the heavily degraded stage (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that soil organic carbon stock responded more sensitively to degradation in alpine meadows with higher initial SOC stock and annual mean precipitation than in alpine steppes. Our study might have significant implications for future sustainable management practices for carbon sequestration of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau.
Exploring the Gallic and Cinnamic Acids Chimeric Derivatives as Anticancer Agents over HeLa Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Study
Authors: Nolasco‐Quintana Ninfa Yaret , González‐Maya Leticia , Razo‐Hernández Rodrigo Said , Alvarez Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the most aggressive and important cancer types in the female population, due to its low survival rate. Actually, the search for new bioactive compounds, like gallic and cinnamic acid, is one of the most employed options to finding a treatment. In the present study, 134 phenolic compounds with cytotoxic activity over HeLa cell line were used to generate a descriptive (
=0.76) and predictive (
=0.69 and
=0.62) QSAR model. Structural, electronic, steric, and hydrophobic features are represented as different molecular descriptors in our QSAR model. From this model, nine gallate‐cinnamate ester derivatives (N1–N9) were designed and synthesized. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated against HeLa and non‐tumorigenic cells. Derivatives N6, N5, N1, and N9 were the most active molecules with IC50ExpHeLa values from 7.26 to 11.95 μM. Finally, the binding of the synthesized compounds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin was evaluated by molecular docking as a possible action mechanism. N1, N5 and N6 can be considered as templates for the design of new cervical anticancer compounds.