bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient X-Ray Entrance Surface Dose at a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, North-West Nigeria.
Authors: G.M Akpaniwo 
Published: May 2022

Background: The entrance surface dose (ESD) has been used to determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) by regulatory bodies to help medical radiation workers to checkmate excessive dose to patients.
Objective: To peer review practice in our centre using recommended diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as standard.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of fifty x-ray patients who had thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) taped on their skin to quantify entrance surface dose (ESD) during x-ray investigation. The patients appeared in Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto between 1st August and 30th September 2018. Their weights and heights were measured directly. Thereafter, they were divided into 5 groups of ten each for five specific anatomical areas: PA chest, AP of pelvis, abdomen, lumbosacral spine, and lateral lumbosacral spine. Irradiated TLDs were read, and the mean ESD was calculated.
Results: Entrance surface dose (ESD) was 0.26 mGy (chest), 0.46 mGy (AP lumbosacral), 0.71 mGy (pelvis), 1.3 mGy (abdomen), and 1.6 mGy (lateral lumbosacral). The ESD values were found to be lower than similar studies carried out in Nigeria, as well as diagnostic reference levels in UK.
Conclusion: Optimization of patient protection in UDUTH was comparable to recommended practices locally and internationally.
The significance of transaminase ratio (AST/ALT) in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Djakpo Dodji Kossi , Wang Zhi Quan , Shrestha Merina 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionFernando De Ritis described the significance of the transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio in 1957, and since then it has been commonly used to screen liver diseases. The liver is sensitive to hemodynamic changes because it receives approximately one-quarter of total cardiac output. We aimed to investigate the AST/ALT ratio changes in patients with acute myocardial infarction without any history of liver diseases in the Chinese Han population.Material and methodsWe analyzed a total of 120 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the cardiology department of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2019 and June 2019. AST/ALT ratio of the first blood test was calculated for all patients.ResultsThe mean De Ritis ratio (AST/ALT) was higher in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (3.2261 ±2.41379) than in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (2.2089 ±1.63177) patients. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002).ConclusionsAST/ALT ≥ 2.0 has a strong association with total coronary occlusion. We might rely on this test to predict coronary occlusion without age difference.
Utility of the SYNTAX Score in the risk stratification of patients undergoing rotational atherectomy
Authors: Brzozowski Piotr , Bulak Luiza , Rakotoarison Oscar , Zimoch Wojciech , Kosowski Michał , Tomasiewicz Brunon , Telichowski Artur , Reczuch Krzysztof , K&uuml;bler Piotr 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe SYNTAX Score (SS) evaluates the angiographic complexity of coronary artery disease to assess the cardiovascular risk after coronary revascularization. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether SS results are associated with in-hospital and 1-year outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) requiring rotational atherectomy (RA).Material and methodsWe analyzed data of 207 consecutive patients who underwent PCI with RA. Patients were divided into two groups: those with high SS (> 33 points) and those with low/intermediate SS (0–33 points).ResultsIn 21 (10%) patients SS was high and 186 (90%) patients had low/intermediate SS. Patients with high SS were older (76 vs. 71 years, p = 0.008) and more frequently diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (38% vs. 18%, p = 0.03) and heart failure (71% vs. 30%, p = 0.0001). In patients with high SS the RA procedure was longer (p = 0.004), required more contrast (p = 0.005) and higher radiation doses (p = 0.04), and contrast-induced nephropathy was more frequent (14% vs. 2%, p = 0.001).ConclusionsIn our RA patients there was no significant difference between the frequency of in-hospital and 1-year adverse cardiovascular events depending on the SS result. High SS correlates only with parameters describing the extensity and technical complexity of the procedure. However, the unavailability of other risk assessment tools in this population raises the need to create a new more specific risk score for patients requiring RA.
Protective effect of allopurinol in preventing
contrast-induced nephropathy among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mansoor Kanaan , Suliman Mohamed , Amro Mohammad , Malik Saad , Amro Ahmad , Curtis Zachary , El-Hamdan Mehiar , Ogu Iheanyichukwu , Aronow Wilbert 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third most common cause of iatrogenic acute renal failure and is triggered by administration of radiopaque contrast media. Periprocedural hydration is imperative in prevention of CIN, and uric acid has been recognized to have an integral role in development of renal disease. The aim of our study is to understand the efficacy of allopurinol in preventing CIN among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Material and methodsA literature search was performed on PubMed (Medline), Science Direct and Cochrane Library using a combination of Mesh terms. We limited our search to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and articles published in the English language. The PRISMA protocol was utilized to conduct this meta-analysis.ResultsSix studies were included in the final analysis. All included studies were clinical trials conducted between 2013 and 2019. A total of 853 patients were included. There was a significant reduction in the risk of CIN among patients who were pretreated with adequate hydration plus allopurinol (100 to 600 mg) compared to hydration only before undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (RR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21–0.73). A sensitivity analysis of studies using 300 mg of allopurinol only reported a significant reduction in CI-AKI compared to hydration alone (RR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11–0.57).ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that Allopurinol is effective in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Larger clinical trials are warranted to better understand this effect.
Gambaran Subjek Dengan Keluhan Respon Fisiologis Ketika Menghadapi Stresor Menggunakan Formulasi Kasus Ingram
Authors: Cahyono Ichwan , Surjaningrum Endang Retno 
Published: May 2022

Dalam menangani kasus klinis, terkadang klinisi mendapati kasus yang tidak terpetakan dalam diagnostik psikiatri terstandard (seperti DSM IV, ICD-10, PPDGJ, dll). Selain itu diagnosis standard tidak menjelaskan penyebab yang mendasari masalah pasien dan treatment yang sesuai terkait penyebab tersebut. Formulasi kasus mampu mengisi kesenjangan antara diagnosis dan treatment. Formulasi kasus klinis merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan disorot dalam banyak buku dan artikel. Penelitian tentang penerapan formulasi kasus klinis belum banyak dituliskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan penerapan formulasi kasus klinis kepada Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor menggunakan formulasi kasus yang dikembangkan oleh Ingram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi (mixed-method) dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, scaling, dan alat tes psikologi (grafis, SSCT, dan CFIT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan formulasi kasus klinis terhadap Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor menggunakan formulasi kasus yang dikembangkan Ingram dapat membantu:
(1) merumuskan gejala atau masalah yang perlu diubah; (2) menyusun data dan informasi yang diperoleh;
(3) menyusun skema konseptual yang memberikan penjelasan; dan (4) mengambil keputusan treatment yang mengarah pada prosedur spesifik. Dengan demikian, penerapan formulasi kasus klinis yang dikembangkan oleh Ingram terbukti efektif untuk menangani Subjek dengan keluhan respon fisiologis ketika menghadapi stresor.
The Claude Glass: Views & Re-views
Authors: Keane Jondi 
Published: May 2022

Because Performing the unNameable, edited by Richard James Allen and Karen Pearlman, raises so many issues and diverse questions, due to both its concept and realisation, it provides a good opportunity for a review to expand into a panoramic view. The extra room allows several contexts to be taken up on both generic and specific levels. Performing the unNameable provides the specific issues such as: the premise of the anthology, the kind of artefact presented, and the relationship of the events to the book and the book to a reader. “Performance”, “documentation”and “writing” provide the generic contexts for thinking in the round. The panorama supplies both scope and detail that exceeds our ability to process it all in a single take or frame.
Communication Strategies in the Light of Indigenous African and Chinese Values: How to Harmonize
Authors: Metz Thaddeus 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Many values originating in Africa and in China, and ones that continue to influence much of everyday communication in those societies, are aptly placed under the common heading of “harmony.” After first spelling out what harmony involves in substantially Confucian China, and then in Africa, this article notes respects in which the Confucian and African conceptions of harmony are similar, an awareness of which could facilitate smooth communication. The article then indicates respects in which the Confucian and African conceptions of harmony are different, a lack of awareness of which could undermine smooth communication. The point of the article is to facilitate Sino-African communication by means of an awareness of indigenous moral-philosophical mindsets that continue to be salient in China and Africa, despite the influence of the West.
The Deubiquitylase USP5 Knockdown Reduces Semliki Forest Virus Replication in HeLa Cells
Authors: Nubgan Amer 
Published: May 2022

Semliki Forest Virus (SFV), a member of the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae family, is a small-enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus. The virus is spread by mosquitos and can infect humans, resulting in mild febrile disease with symptoms that include fever, myalgia, arthralgia, persistent headaches and asthenia. Virulent strains of SFV in mice cause lethal encephalitis by infecting neurons in the central nervous system. In on-going experiments in the research group using a focused siRNA screen we have investigated the role of deubiquitylases (DUBs) during SFV infection (as a model alphavirus) and monitored the effect of DUB depletion on cell viability after infection. We identified a group of DUBs that have a pro-viral effect. The DUB, USP5, from this screen was validated to determine its effect upon viral replication. Here, we show that depleted USP5 in HeLa cells resulted in SFV RNA and viral yield at 8 h post-infection being significantly reduced. In the multi-step viral growth curve assay, in the absence of USP5, similar yields of SFV were determined at 2 and 4 h post-infection. However, a significant reduction in the infectious viral particles release at 6, 8, 10 and 12 h post-infection was observed and this could be reversed by direct constraining viral replication. These results raise the potential for USP5 to play a distinct role in the replication of SFV, suggesting that USP5 may be a possible anti-viral therapy for alphavirus infection.
ARBITRAGE, AN EFFICIENT ALTERNATIVE FOR RESOLVING TRADE DISPUTES IN ALBANIA, COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW WITH AUSTRIA, ARMENIA, ARGENTINA AND BULGARIA.
Authors: Ma Ana Rushiti 
Published: May 2022

Arbitration is a new form of dispute resolution in the commercial field in Albania. Economic development has led many international companies to invest in Albania. This topic will focus on the concept of arbitration as the public interest in recognizing this new form of dispute resolution is broad, but what never changes is the argument as to why we turned to arbitration. The parties set the arbitral tribunal in motion and as such have the burden of proof to prove that their claims are based on facts and evidence. Of particular importance in this paper will be the advantages and disadvantages of arbitration as a way of resolving disputes. Another special aspect where we need to dwell will be the contribution of national courts in resolving arbitration disputes. This paper will deal extensively with the place it occupies in Albanian legislation. An important place of this paper will be the analysis of practical cases as a way of combining theory and practice. It would be of particular interest to make comparisons between Albanian legislation and Austria, Argentina, Armenia and Bulgaria. The reason for this comparison is to bring about a radical change in the resolution of trade disputes through arbitration. An important place of this paper will be the analysis of practical cases as a way of intertwining theory and practice. It would be of particular interest to make comparisons between Albanian legislation and Austria, Argentina, Armenia and Bulgaria. The reason for this comparison is to bring about a radical change in the resolution of trade disputes through arbitration. An important place of this paper will be the analysis of practical cases as a way of intertwining theory and practice. It would be of particular interest to make comparisons between Albanian legislation and Austria, Argentina, Armenia and Bulgaria. The reason for this comparison is to bring about a radical change in the resolution of trade disputes through arbitration.
Albania needs the recognition of arbitration as an opportunity to resolve the dispute as every action affects the image of the company but also of our country. Models from different countries will help us bring a new but above all efficient approach
Analisis Kepatuhan Karyawan terhadap Pemberlakuan Prosedur Operasional Standar (SOP) pada Perusahaan Baru (Studi Kasus pada PT. Prina Duta Rekayasa) Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Husain Bachtiar Arifudin , Santoso Arief Budi 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan informasi tentang kepatuhan karyawan serta sejauh mana implementasi karyawan terhadap prosedur operasional standar (SOP) pada perusahaan baru PT Prina Duta Rekayasa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi langsung terhadap Human Resources Development (HRD) dan beberapa karyawan perusahaan. Dari hasil penelitian dan pengamatan tersebut ditemukan bahwa sebagai perusahaan baru atau rintisan, PT. Prina Duta Rekayasa telah menerapkan prosedur operasional standar (SOP) kepada karyawan. Dengan jumlah karyawan yang masih terbilang sedikit, SOP harus tetap diterapkan agar karyawan taat dan bekerja sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Kepatuhan karyawan dilihat dari karyawan yang datang tepat waktu dan mengerjakan tugas sesuai tenggat waktu. Kepada karyawan yang patuh terhadap SOP yang berlaku maka perusahaan akan memberikan reward berupa fee performance tiap bulannya, dan untuk karyawan yang sering melanggar aturan akan ada teguran dan atau punishment hingga Surat Peringatan (SP). Menurut informan peranan SOP di perusahaan sangatlah penting, karyawan menjadi tau batasan antara hak dan kewajiban, karyawan bisa menghargai perusahaan tempatnya bekerja, dan membentuk karakter dan pribadi yang positif.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Penyebaran Virus Corona (Covid-19) di SMK PHI Bekasi Tahun 2020
Authors: Daulay Akhdan Tri Amsyah , Elwindra Elwindra 
Published: May 2022

Berdasarkan data terkini di Indonesia pada hari Rabu 10 Juni 2020 jumlah kasus yang positif terkena Covid-19 di Indonesia dengan total 34.316 orang yang dinyatakan positif dan yang meninggal 1,959 orang dan yang sembuh dari Covid-19 ada 12.129 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku pencegahan penyebaran virus Corona (Covid-19) di SMK PHI Bekasi Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Persada Husada Indonesia pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Agustus tahun 2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa/siswi SMK Persada Husada Indonesia kelas XI sebanyak 170 siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 63 siswa. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat untuk mendeskripsikan semua variabel. Sedangkan analisis bivariat menggunakan tabel silang dengan uji chi square. Variabel dependen adalah perilaku pencegahan penyebaran virus Corona. Variabel indipenden adalah demografi (jenis kelamin dan tempat tinggal); jurusan sekolah; pengetahuan terkait Covid (zona covid, tes covid, pengetahuan, sikap dan fasilitas protokol kesehatan). Hasil uji bivariat yang tidak terdapat adanya hubungan antara semua variabel bebas yaitu; jenis kelamin (p=0,209), jurusan (p=0,259), zona Covid-19 (p=0,377), tes Covid-19 (p=0,427), pengetahuan (p=0,955), sikap (p=0,777), dan fasilitas protokol kesehatan diri (p=0,535) dengan perilaku pencegahan penyebaran virus Corona (Covid-19).
Tubo-ovarian abscesses and the effect of transvaginal ultrasound guided drainage – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Plougmann Gislinge Julie , Faurschou Nielsen Therese , Clausen Helle Vibeke 
Published: May 2022

Objective:Tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOA) are a serious complication to pelvic inflammatory disease with long-term complications such as infertility and chronic pain. Treatment consists of intravenous antibiotics combined with laparoscopic or transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage (TVULD), but the evidence regarding optimal treatment are scarce, and evaluation of short- and long-term effects have yielded inconsistent results. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage with antibiotic treatment on both short- and long-term outcomes for patients admitted with a tubo-ovarian abscess.
Methods:All women admitted with a TOA to our department were included from March 2017- May 2020. They were evaluated with a gynecological examination, TVUL, white blood cell count (WBC) and CRP. All received intravenous antibiotics and were evaluated for possible TVULD. All received orally administered antibiotics upon discharge, and follow-up was with a 1-3-month interval until patients were without symptoms or underwent laparoscopic surgery.
Results:Forty patients were included, 30 (75%) premenopausal. Mean size of TOA were 6.3 cm (SD 2.3), and 35 (87.5%) patients received both antibiotics and drainage. Eighteen (45%) patients underwent secondary surgery following the TOA, and comparing the surgery vs. non-surgery group, we found that at admission temperature, WBC count at admission, aspirated material in ml and need of more than one drainage predicted undergoing laparoscopy following discharge. However, when performing multivariate analysis comparing the two groups regarding the abovementioned factors as well as age, admission time, antibiotic treatment time and follow-up, we did not find any statistically significant difference (p=0.072). Finally, we found that more than one drainage increased the risk of undergoing laparoscopy (OR 8, CI 1.43-44.92).
Conclusion:TVULD combined with antibiotics are a safe and effective treatment for TOAs. We found a trend supporting that patients needing laparoscopy following initial TVULD present with a more severe clinical picture and that different clinical and paraclinical factors could be used as predictors for undergoing secondary laparoscopy. Finally, we saw that patients with more than one drainage, have an increased risk of requiring secondary laparoscopy. These findings and predictors need to be tested and confirmed in larger prospective studies.
Refractive Lensectomy and Microinvasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): An Initial Approach in Glaucoma Patients over 50 Years of Age
Authors: Laroche Daniel , Rickford Kara 
Published: May 2022

Glaucoma is a common cause of blindness worldwide, affecting patients at an average age of 57 years old. This is a disease of ocular anatomy commonly caused by a blockage of trabecular meshwork leading to an increase in intraocular pressure and glaucomatous optic neuropathy. The lens enlarges in width with age, often contributing to this, with obstruction of the angle due to pupillary block in angle-closure glaucoma. In open-angle glaucoma, there is often increased pigment liberation and obstruction of the trabecular meshwork due to increased iridolenticular and zonular contact. Recent studies looking at cataract extraction, refractive lensectomy, and the Hydrus stent have demonstrated adequate safety and efficacy for the treatment of glaucoma. We review the latest glaucoma treatment algorithm and results with early cataract surgery/refractive lensectomy and microinvasive glaucoma surgery to be considered as initial treatment for patients with glaucoma over 50 years of age.
Facilitators of and Barriers to Adherence to Dietary Interventions Perceived by Women With Multiple Sclerosis and Their Support Persons
Authors: Dean Cassidy , Parks Samantha , Titcomb Tyler J. , Arthofer Andrea , Meirick Paul , Grogan Nicole , Ehlinger Mary A. , Bisht Babita , Fox Sara Shuger , Daack-Hirsch Sandra , Snetselaar Linda G. , Wahls Terry L. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
People with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently report implementing dietary strategies as part of their personal wellness programs; however, little is known about the perceived themes of healthy behavior change in people with MS.

METHODS
Semistructured one-on-one interviews were conducted with 20 women with MS enrolled in 2 different restrictive dietary intervention studies and their 18 self-identified support persons consisting of partners and adult children. Interviews were transcribed, coded, categorized, and then grouped into summative themes. The frequency of issues being mentioned as facilitators of or barriers to diet adherence was evaluated to identify possible differences in perceived experiences between women with MS and their support persons during the studies.

RESULTS
Five qualitative themes were identified: (1) personal motivation, (2) diet components, (3) time, (4) support, and (5) resource access. Major facilitators of dietary adherence were positive support from support persons and study staff, access to resources, symptom improvement, and personal motivation. Major barriers included the novelty of the study diet, lack of cooking skills, no change in or worsening of symptoms, lack of diet knowledge, and food preferences and temptations. Symptom severity was more frequently reported as a barrier to study diet adherence among participants with secondary progressive MS.

CONCLUSIONS
Methods to enhance personal motivation and ensure positive support from support persons and study staff may improve study diet adherence. Due to the unique challenges faced by people with MS, future studies should tailor interventions to their unique MS cohort to increase diet adherence.