bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of depth of submucosal invasion in colorectal cancer with AI using deep learning
Authors: Minami Soichiro , Saso Kazuhiro , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Fujino Shiki , Kato Shinya , Sekido Yuki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Ogino Takayuki , Takahashi Hidekazu , Uemura Mamoru , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The submucosal invasion depth predicts prognosis in early colorectal cancer. Although colorectal cancer with shallow submucosal invasion can be cured via endoscopic resection, colorectal cancer with deep submucosal invasion requires surgical colectomy. However, accurately diagnosing the depth of submucosal invasion via endoscopy is difficult. We developed a tool to diagnose the depth of submucosal invasion in early colorectal cancer using artificial intelligence. We reviewed data from 140 patients who had undergone preoperative colonoscopy at the Osaka University Hospital between 2011 and 2017 and were diagnosed pathologically as having shallow submucosal invasion or deep submucosal invasion colorectal cancer. A convolutional neural network for predicting invasion depth was constructed using 706 images from 96 patients between 2011 and 2015 as the training dataset, and the diagnostic accuracy of the constructed convolutional neural network was evaluated using 394 images from 49 patients between 2016 and 2017 as the validation dataset. We also prospectively tested the tool on 50 images from 10 patients with suspected early-stage colorectal cancer. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve of the convolutional neural network for diagnosing deep submucosal invasion colorectal cancer were 87.2% (258/296), 35.7% (35/98), 74.4% (293/394), and 0.758, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice was 74% (37/50). The diagnostic accuracy of the constructed convolutional neural network was as high as that of a skilled endoscopist. Endoscopic image recognition by deep learning may be able to predict the submucosal invasion depth in early-stage colorectal cancer in clinical practice.
Transcriptome analysis and prediction of the metabolic state of stress-induced viable but non-culturable Bacillus subtilis cells
Authors: Morawska Luiza P. , Kuipers Oscar P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Many bacteria adapt their physiology and enter the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state to survive prolonged exposure to adverse environmental conditions. The VBNC cells maintain active metabolism, membrane integrity and gene transcription. However, they lose the ability to form colonies on a conventional culture media. Thus, standard colony counting methods cannot detect these alive but dormant cells. The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis was found to enter the VBNC state when pre-exposed to osmotic stress and treated with a lethal dose of kanamycin. These cells reduced their metabolic activity, ceased growth and division and became kanamycin-tolerant. Interestingly, despite active metabolism, the majority of the kanamycin tolerant cells could not be revived on LB agar. In this study, we use a robust RNA-Seq technique to elucidate the differences in transcriptional profiles of B. subtilis VBNC cells. A comparative analysis of differently expressed genes and operons performed in this study indicates high similarities in transcriptional responses of VBNC and kanamycin-sensitive cells to antibiotic treatment. Moreover, this work reveals that VBNC cells strongly upregulate genes involved in proline uptake and catabolism, suggesting a putative role of proline as nutrient in VBNC cells.
Reimagining climate networking between cities: clustering cities based on a large dataset of mitigation actions
Authors: mokhles Sombol , Davidson Kathryn , Acuto Michele 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The existing networking dynamics in climate city networks are hierarchical as a few global cities are viewed as the leaders to be followed by other cities due to their higher visibility. Achieving ambitious climate goals requires expanding the knowledge of a diverse range of cities and networking opportunities. To expand knowledge of diverse cities, we provide evidence of cities’ similarity patterns based on their mitigation actions by a large-scale clustering method. Applying K-means clustering to Carbon Disclosure Project’s mitigation data, we find five clusters of cities based on two measures. Nature of actions indicates cities’ similarity based on their actions’ sectoral combinations, and finance profile indicates the commonality of their actions’ financial arrangements. Using these measures, we present a novel way to render socio-spatially diverse cities similar. Intersecting these two measures in a matrix, we offer ways to reimagine networking between cities and illuminate the complexity of cities’ climate actions.
Environmentally relevant perinatal exposure to DBP accelerated spermatogenesis by promoting the glycolipid metabolism of Sertoli cells in male mice
Authors: Ma Tan , Xia Yunhui , Wang Bo , Yang Fenglian , Ding Jie , Wu Jiang , Han Xiaodong , Wang Junli , Li Dongmei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since Sertoli cells (SCs) play an important role in providing energy for spermatogenesis, the present study was aimed to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to plasticizer Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on onset of spermatogenesis in male offspring through metabolism pathway as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. By detecting the level of the glucose metabolism in SCs, we found that monobutyl phthalate (MBP, the active metabolite of DBP) promoted cellular glycolysis accompanied by GLUT1, GLUT3, LDHA and MCT4 upregulated, leading to increased lactate which was provided spermatogenesis as energy substrate. Further mechanism research revealed that DBP/MBP increased fatty acid uptake and ATP production by promoting the expression of CD36, so as to accelerate their own maturity. Therefore, our findings provided new perspective at glycolipid metabolism to explain prenatal DBP exposure leading to earlier onset of spermatogenesis in male offspring mice.
An Analysis of Steel Roof Panels' Resistance to Out of Plane Hail Impacts
Authors: Uz Mehmet E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metal roof panels are often used on residential and commercial buildings. Steel panels subjected to hailstone impact are not sufficiently studied for their dent resistance. A finite element model (FEM) was used to analyze the entire experimental setup. For comparison with natural hailstones that remained intact after impact, artificial hailstones were launched onto different steel sheets based on their sizes and at different terminal velocities. The simulation approach and material properties are evaluated by comparing experimental results with the FE model. In addition, an equation for predicting dent depth using kinetic energy and stress is presented. The results of this study provide a better understanding of both hail and roof panel failure modes as well as their effect on dent resistance. In this study, the results of observations and numerical simulations were well matched with those of analytical models. As a result, the proposed equation overestimates dent depths compared with the ones determined by finite element models, whereas the ones found in the steel sheets are underestimated.
Pseudopotential-based discrete unified gas kinetic scheme for modeling multiphase fluid flows
Authors: Yang Zeren , Liu Sha , Zhuo Congshan , Zhong Chengwen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By coupling the pseudopotential model into the discrete unified gas kinetic scheme (DUGKS), we develop a concise kinetic approach for modeling multiphase fluid flows at the mesoscopic level. To eliminate the influences of non-isotropic terms introduced during the reconstruction process, the expression of equilibrium distribution functions is reformulated in a moment-based form. With the isotropy-preserving parameter appropriately tuned, the non-isotropic effects can be perfectly canceled out. The proposed pseudopotential-based DUGKS managed to produce and maintain isotropic interfaces. The fundamental capabilities are validated by the flat interface test and the quiescent droplet test. The isotropy-preserving property of pseudopotential-based DUGKS in transient conditions is further confirmed by the spinodal decomposition. Stability superiority of the pseudopotential-based DUGKS over the lattice Boltzmann method is also demonstrated by predicting the coexistence densities complying with the van der Waals equation of state.
The importance of validated questionnaire by parents, preschool and child psychologist in preschool children with ESSENCE symptoms: A comparative study
Authors: Gustafsson Berit M , Levander Märta Sund 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
It is important to detect children with Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations (ESSENCE) in order to implement early intervention and support for the child and family. Standardized instruments for assessment of behaviour problems, engagement and psychosocial health are needed to obtain an objective picture of the preschool child's mental health.
Aim
To explore and compare parents', preschool teachers' and child health care psychologists' assessment of behaviour, everyday function, engagement, social interaction and psychosocial health in children with ESSENCE symptoms.
Method
Parents of 152 children (114 boys and 38 girls, 4.5 ± 1 years) with ESSENCE symptoms, 155 preschool teachers and 8 child psychologists participated. Parents and preschool teachers assessed externalizing and internalizing behavioural problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), including the SDQ supplement for assessing everyday function. Preschool teachers also assessed engagement and social interaction using the Children's Engagement Questionnaire (CEQ), and the child psychologists assessed psychosocial health with the Child Psychosocial Health Assessment (LillaLAPS).
Results
Parents', preschool teachers' and child psychologists' assessment of the child's mental health largely agreed. Both parents and preschool teachers see a strength in the child's social abilities. Parents especially see challenges with behaviour and function in daily life. Preschool teachers consider behavioural problems, hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer problems and function in daily life as a greater challenge compared with the parents' assessment.
Conclusion
Combining assessment with SDQ, SDQ supplement, CEQ and LillaLAPS seems promising in detecting preschool children with ESSENCE symptoms early on. However, it is important to consider different contexts to obtain an overall evaluation of the child's need for support in everyday life.
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer biosensor based on Nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots and hairpin probe to sensitively detect aflatoxin biosynthesis-related genes aflD in rice
Authors: Yu Tao , Peng Shuangfeng , Sun Qingyue , Kong Dezhao , Liu Chang , Shi Qiaoqiao , Li Yaqi , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The expression of aflD gene plays a significant role in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin, aflD structural genes can be served as a good biomarker of aflatoxigenic strains. The detection of the aflD gene is a promising method to control the further spread of aflatoxins. In this research, a rapid fluorescence biosensor targeting aflatoxigenic biosynthesis-related genes aflD was developed based on nitrogen – doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) and AuNPs as fluorescence donors and quenchers respectively. This sensor was fabricated by immobilization of NCQDs and AuNPs on the two ends of hairpin DNA. In the absence of the aflD gene, NCQDs were closed to AuNPs to trigger the fluorescence resonance energy transfer leading to a quenching and showed the fluorescent signal “off”. In the presence of the aflD gene, NCQDs and AuNPs were separated by the target aflD gene complementary matching with the loop of the hairpin structure, which caused to the recovery of fluorescence signal and performance the fluorescent signal “on”. It was shown that the biosensor provided an excellent limit of detection (LOD) of 1.95 nM (3σ/k) with a liner range of 10–150 nM. Besides, this biosensor performed the satisfied selectivity through the comparison between aflD gene and mismatched DNA sequences. The feasibility of this biosensor was examined in rice contaminated by Aspergillus flavus. Therefore, it could potentially be used as a feasible tool for preventing aflatoxin in grain and its products.
Prediction of distant metastasis in esophageal cancer using a radiomics-clinical model
Authors: Zhu Chao , Mu Fengchun , Wang Songping , Qiu Qingtao , Wang Shuai , Wang Linlin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Distant metastasis, which occurs at a rate of 25% in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), has a poor prognosis, with previous studies reporting an overall survival of only 3–10 months. However, few studies have been conducted to predict distant metastasis in EC, owing to a dearth of reliable biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an accurate model for predicting distant metastasis in patients with EC.
Methods
A total of 299 EC patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 207) and a validation cohort (n = 92). Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify clinical independent predictors and create a clinical nomogram. Radiomic features were extracted from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images taken prior to treatment, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression was used to screen the associated features, which were then used to develop a radiomic signature. Based on the screened features, four machine learning algorithms were used to build radiomics models. The joint nomogram with radiomic signature and clinically independent risk factors was developed using the logical regression algorithm. All models were validated and compared by discrimination, calibration, reclassification, and clinical benefit.
Results
Multivariable analyses revealed that age, N stage, and degree of pathological differentiation were independent predictors of distant metastasis, and a clinical nomogram incorporating these factors was established. A radiomic signature was developped by a set of sixteen features chosen from 851 radiomic features. The joint nomogram incorporating clinical factors and radiomic signature performed better [AUC(95% CI): 0.827(0.742–0.912)] than the clinical nomogram [AUC(95% CI): 0.731(0.626–0.836)] and radiomics predictive models [AUC(95% CI): 0.754(0.652–0.855), LR algorithms]. Caliberation and decision curve analyses revealed that the radiomics-clinical nomogram outperformed the other models. In comparison to the clinical nomogram, the joint nomogram's NRI was 0.114 (95% CI: 0.075–0.345), and its IDI was 0.071 (95% CI: 0.030–0.112), P = 0.001.
Conclusion
We developed and validated the first radiomics-clinical nomogram for distant metastasis in EC which may aid clinicians in identifying patients at high risk of distant metastasis.
Do the different menstrual cycle phases influence CrossFit® performance?
Authors: Sacon Hiohana Rilary Moraes , Peserico Cecília Segabinazi , Machado Fabiana Andrade 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim- The aim of this study was to verify the effects of the menstrual cycle (MC) phases on CrossFit®️ performance during three benchmark workouts: CrossFit Total, Jerry, and Fran in the three MC phases: Follicular (FP), Ovulatory (OP), and Luteal (LP). Methods: Eight physically active women (26.2±1.9 years; 56.3±1.6 kg; 159.0±0.0 cm; 29.5±4.9% of fat) took place in this pilot study. All the participants were evaluated in the CrossFit Total, Jerry, and Fran workouts in the three MC phases: Follicular (FP), Ovulatory (OP), and Luteal (LP). Results: There were significant differences between the MC phases for the CrossFit Total (FP= 188.8 ± 26.4 kg; OP= 194.2 ± 25.6 kg; LP= 202.9 ± 27.2 kg), Fran (FP= 9.1 ± 1.6 min; OP= 8.4 ± 1.0 min; LP= 7.2 ± 0.8 min), sources of stress (FP= 2.6 ± 1.2; OP= 0.7 ± 0.7; LP= 1.0 ± 0.5), and symptoms of stress (FP= 9.5 ± 3.0; OP= 4.4 ± 1.1; LP= 3.1 ± 1.8); there was no significant difference for Jerry performances between MC phases. Conclusion: In conclusion, the MC phases changed the performances of CrossFit Total and Fran workouts, with better results in the LP compared to OP and FP.
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Defects Detection inside the Rail Head by Ultrasonic Guided Waves
Authors: Xie Jingsong , Ding Wenxiang , Zou Wen , Wang Tiantian , Yang Jinsong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Early detection of defects inside the rail is of great significance to ensure the safety of rail transit. This work investigates the ability of ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) to detect internal defects of the rail head. First, the model of UGWs propagation in rail, which has an irregular cross-section, is constructed based on semi-analytical finite element (SAFE). Fundamental characteristics such as wavenumber, phase or group velocity, and wave structure inside the rail are then calculated. Following modal and vibration energy distribution analysis, a guided wave mode sensitive to transverse fissure (TF) defects is selected and its excitation method is proposed. The effectiveness of the excitation method is confirmed by simulations performed in the ABAQUS software. According to the simulation data, the dispersion curve calculated by using the two-dimensional Fourier Fast Transform (2D-FFT) coincides well with that of SAFE. After that, the sensitivity of the selected mode to rail internal defect have been validated and its ability to locate defects has also been demonstrated. Finally, the effect of excitation frequency, defect size, defect vertical and horizontal depth on the reflection waveforms is investigated.
Shifting from traditional to alternative diets may increase the exposure to mycotoxins: a risk-benefit assessment for soy-based meat alternatives
Authors: Mihalache Octavian Augustin , Dellafiora Luca , Dall’Asta Chiara 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to use a risk-benefit assessment (RBA) of replacing meat with plant-based analogues with respect to mycotoxin exposure, as a proof of concept to demonstrate the need for a proper regulatory framework for mycotoxins in meat imitates. Hence, we considered a full replacement of meat consumption with soy-based products, based on the Italian National Food Consumption Survey INRAN-SCAI 2005-06. The overall health impact from soy-based food consumption was quantified in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in three different consumption scenarios. The substitution of meat products with soy-based imitates would lead to an increased risk of liver cancer and loss of healthy life-years due to AFB1 exposure and also potential risk of renal cancer as due to an increased intake of OTA, leading up to 1,208 extra cancer cases associated with the loss of 12,080 healthy life-years/country, largely overweighting the associated benefit. Taking into account the ubiquitous occurrence of mycotoxins, also in the light of climate change, and the growing trend towards plant-based meat analogues, greater importance should be given to actual food consumption trends and correlated with updated natural toxins regulations and risk assessments.
Systematic molecular analyses reveal extremely long and complex 5'UTR of a major cold shock protein CsdA in Escherichia coli
Authors: Jana Soma , Datta Partha Pratim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cold-shock DEAD-box protein A (CsdA) is a DEAD-box RNA helicase in E. coli. The deaD gene encodes this CsdA protein in E. coli. It is a major cold shock protein and it plays essential roles during cold shock adaption in E. coli. CsdA homolog of E. coli is present in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. This major cold-shock protein has been studied at the protein level, but its mechanism of gene regulation needs further study. In this regard, we have constructed a promoter-less plasmid vector with the ORF of a GFP reporter and performed incremental zone-wise DNA scanning from the immediate upstream region of the deaD gene coding region. Interestingly, we found the promoter region about 800 nucleotides upstream of its coding region. Furthermore, the drastic decrease in CsdA protein level due to the in vivo deletion of this promoter region from the E. coli chromosome has confirmed this promoter’s existence. Interestingly, we have found this promoter region i.e., -10 region and -35 region is conserved in numbers of gammaproteobacteria. In conclusion, our study established deaD gene contains an unusually long 5'UTR of about 800 nucleotides in E. coli which is exceptional in bacteria.
Efficacy and safety of colchicine in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials
Authors: Yan Guang-dong , Wu Fan , Li Biao , Chen Xi-wei , Yang Hui , Yang Jing-yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Colchicine has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect. The occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is accompanied by a series of inflammatory reactions. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colchicine in patients with ACS. Randomized controlled studies (RCTS) about the effects of colchicine on the treatment of patients with ACS were identified by searching databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 statistical software. Eight RCTs with 6730 patients were included in the meta-analysis, involving 3362 patients in the colchicine group and 3368 patients in the control group. Compared with the control group, the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [OR 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.83], recurrence of ACS (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.91), revascularization (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.29-0.70), and stroke (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.17-0.75) were reduced in the colchicine group, but there were no significant differences in cardiac death, all-cause mortality, or gastrointestinal symptoms. In conclusion, Colchicine can be used as a new effective and safe medicine for the treatment of ACS, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of MACE, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic events, and revascularization without increasing the adverse reactions. The results is expected to be further verified by increasing the clinical sample size in the future.