bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A therian mammal with sprawling kinematics? Gait and 3D forelimb X-ray motion analysis in tamanduas
Authors: Scheidt Adrian , Ditzel Paulo C. , Geiger Sandra M. , Wagner Franziska C. , Mülling Christoph K. W. , Nyakatura John A. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Therian mammals are known to move their forelimbs in a parasagittal plane, retracting the mobilised scapula during stance phase. Non-cursorial therian mammals often abduct the elbow out of the shoulder–hip parasagittal plane. This is especially prominent in Tamandua (Xenarthra), which suggests they employ aspects of sprawling (e.g. lizard-like) locomotion. Here, we tested whether tamanduas use sprawling forelimb kinematics, i.e. a largely immobile scapula with pronounced lateral spine bending and long-axis rotation of the humerus. We analysed high-speed videos and used X-ray motion analysis of tamanduas walking and balancing on branches of varying inclinations and provide a quantitative characterization of gaits and forelimb kinematics. Tamanduas displayed lateral sequence/lateral couplets on flat ground and horizontal branches, but increased diagonality on steeper inclines and declines, resulting in lateral sequence/diagonal couplets gaits. This result provides further evidence for high diagonality in arboreal species, probably maximising stability in arboreal environments. Further, the results reveal a mosaic of sprawling and parasagittal kinematic characteristics. The abducted elbow results from a constantly internally rotated scapula about its long axis and a retracted humerus. Scapula retraction contributes considerably to stride length. However, lateral rotation in the pectoral region of the spine (range: 21 deg) is higher than reported for other therian mammals. Instead, it is similar to that of skinks and alligators, indicating an aspect generally associated with sprawling locomotion is characteristic for forelimb kinematics of tamanduas. Our study contributes to a growing body of evidence of highly variable non-cursorial therian mammal locomotor kinematics.
Internet addiction during COVID-19 restricted movement period: A cross-sectional study from Bangladesh
Authors: Tasneem Chowdhury Anika , Siddiqua Saleka Raihana , Rahman Lamisa , Hossian Mosharop , Nabi Mohammad Hayatun 
Published: May 2022

Background: The restricted movement period related to COVID-19 has presumably contributed to the deterioration of the Internet addiction crisis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction and identify the factors associated with the increase in severity of Internet addiction among the general population of Bangladesh during the COVID-19 related restricted movement period. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Bangladesh from September 20 to October 5, 2020, and 315 Bangladeshi adults were included in the study. We used Young’s Internet Addiction Scale to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction and identified the factors associated with the increase in severity of Internet addiction during the restricted movement period using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of Internet addiction was 39.7% among the general population of Bangladesh during the restricted movement period. Almost 75% of the respondents reported increased time spent on recreational use of the Internet during the period of interest, and 48.5% of the respondents reported increases in the severity of Internet addiction. In logistic regression analyses, the increase in severity of Internet addiction was found to be significantly associated with social class, occupation, sleeping hours, and increased time spent on recreational use of the internet (p < 0.05). Watching movies/series was the main activity of the respondents during the restricted movement period. Conclusion: Our study reported an increase in the prevalence of Internet addiction among the general population of Bangladesh during the restricted movement period. Social class, occupation, sleeping hours, and increased time spent on recreational use were the significant determinants of the increase in severity of Internet addiction. The policymakers should undertake tailored policies to prevent people from being victims of the consequences of psychological issues in the long run.
Incentives for pregnant mothers during antenatal care for better maternal and neonatal health outcomes in low and middle income countries: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Holla Ramesh , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Vijayamma Ratheebhai , T V Bhumika , Sinha Anju , BB Darshan , T Rekha , Mithra P Prasanna , Kumar Nithin , Kulkarni Vaman , N Ravishankar , Johnson K Rosemol 
Published: May 2022

Background: Universal access to maternal new-born and child healthcare services (MNCH) is detrimental for attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) three pertaining to promotion of health at all ages. Incentivization in the form of cash, vouchers, and goods have been used as part of strategies to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes around the world. However, there exists uncertainties regarding the effectiveness of various incentive-based programmes targeted for pregnant mothers in low- and middle-income countries during their antenatal period. Methods: We will search six electronic databases, namely the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase in addition to Google Scholar. Manual searching of the reference lists of included studies will also be done. The reporting of this protocol will follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement [29]. Only interventional studies that follow randomized, quasi randomized, and cluster randomized controlled study designs will be included. A three-stage screening process will be adopted to select articles. Risk of bias for the included studies will be assessed using the tools and criteria specified in the Cochrane handbook. In addition, the GRADE approach will be used to assess the quality of evidence for the maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Conclusion: This review of trials is essential to inform the effectiveness of incentive-based programmes targeted for pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries. It will help the policy makers to utilise the resources more effectively and to integrate the evidence based public health initiatives into the health system. This can also help build the continuum of care financial packages for all pregnant women.
Patient and clinician perspectives of online-delivered exercise programmes for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: protocol for a systematic review.
Authors: Bhardwaj Avantika , Barry Walsh Caoimhe , Ezzat Allison , O'Riordan Cliona , Kennedy Norelee , Toomey Clodagh M. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Despite the growing economic and social impact of chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions, there has been low uptake of clinical guidelines for management, owing partly to the negative perceptions of patients and clinicians of their appropriateness and accessibility. Online-delivered exercise programmes (ODEPs) offer an alternative that can reduce costs and offer convenience for those with mobility limitations. As such, investigating participants’ perceptions of such programmes provides insight into the complexity and interplay of factors associated with uptake and optimization of implementation strategies. Objectives: This study aims to systematically review of the literature of patients’ and clinicians’ perceptions of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. Methods: To ensure the likelihood of identifying all relevant published articles, the following databases will be searched from inception to end of the project: CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, SportDiscus, AMED, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Included articles will qualitatively and/or quantitatively report the perceptions of participants of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. ODEPs are defined as either (a) synchronous, users can exchange information simultaneously, or (b) asynchronous, with at least one synchronous feature, or (c) neither, where the authors investigate a user’s past experiences and/or likelihood of participating in such a programme. Article screening and quality assessment using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists will be performed by two independent reviewers. All findings from included articles will be extracted and coded using a thematic synthesis approach. Discussion: It is important to offer diverse resources to address the growing public health burden of chronic MSK conditions. This study will explore patients and clinicians’ perceptions of ODEPs including needs, appropriateness and acceptability. Our findings could be used by policy makers, clinicians, and researchers to generate new models of care that could influence the uptake and long-term sustainability of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021273773.
Project Technologies in Professional Communication Skills Training of International Relations Students
Authors: Revkova E. 
Published: May 2022

The relevance of the research is determined by the expediency of realization of professional communication skills training of specialists in international relations through various types of project technologies. The use of the project method in the professional education of international relations students allows to develop professional skills and gain new knowledge that would be useful in future job.
The hypothesis of the research includes the assumption that participation in project activities contributes to the formation of professional communication skills training of international relations students.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of the organization and implementation of project technologies and to consider their impact on the formation of professional communication skills training of international relations students.
Materials and methods. The research applies theoretical methods such as analysis, systematization and generalization of the provisions of scientific literature on the research problem. It gives the overview of the works of Russian and foreign scientists on project activities and professional education of university students. Empirical methods included pedagogical supervision of the preparation and participation of international relations students in “The Model UN” project. The questionnaire survey involved 56 students of the educational program 41.03.05 International Relations of Ryazan State University named for S. A. Yesenin.
The research includes the description of the project technology "The Model UN", which is implemented in the framework of extracurricular activities of university students. The analysis of students' opinions about the Model UN project shows that students participated in this project with great interest and consider it useful for the formation of professional skills and abilities of a future specialist in international relations.
Conclusion and directions for future research. Project activities contribute to the improvement of the professional communication skills training of future specialists in international relations. In the future, the following areas of research may be of interest: the development and implementation of projects in the educational and scientific activities of international relations students and the implementation of final qualifying work in the form of a startup.
Increased risk of transurethral and suprapubic catheter self-extraction in COVID-19 patients: real-life experience
Authors: Pirola Giacomo Maria , Rubilotta Emanuele , Castellani Daniele , Pancani Flavia , Rosadi Stefano , Giannantoni Antonella , Asimakopoulos Anastasios D , Gubbiotti Marilena 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: This study evaluated the prevalence of transurethral catheter self-removal in critically-ill COVID-19 non-sedated adult patients compared with non-COVID-19 controls. Methods: COVID-19 patients who self-extracted transurethral or suprapubic catheters needing a urological intervention were prospectively included (group A). Demographic data, medical and nursing records, comorbidities and nervous system symptoms were evaluated. Agitation, anxiety and delirium were assessed by the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS). The control group B were non-COVID-19 patients who self-extracted transurethral/suprapubic catheter in a urology unit (subgroup B1) and geriatric unit (subgroup B2), requiring a urological intervention in the same period. Results: 37 men and 11 women were enrolled in group A. Mean RASS score was 3.1 ± 1.8. There were 5 patients in subgroup B1 and 11 in subgroup B2. Chronic comorbidities were more frequent in group B than the COVID-19 group (P<0.01). COVID-19 patients had a significant difference in RASS score (P<0.006) and catheter self-extraction events (P<0.001). Complications caused by traumatic catheter extractions (severe urethrorrhagia, longer hospital stay) were greater in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: This is the first study focusing on the prevalence and complications of catheter self-removal in COVID-19 patients. An increased prevalence of urological complications due to agitation and delirium related to COVID-19 has been demonstrated—the neurological sequelae of COVID-19 must be considered during hospitalisation.
Cannulation: an update for dentists
Authors: Zaidman Brooke , Spence Sarah , Boynton Camilla , Lewis Debbie 
Published: May 2022

Peripheral venous cannulation is a skill dentists may require in hospital jobs and sedation practice. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the technique, equipment, relative contraindications and potential complications. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To act as an update and refresher for the dental team on peripheral venous cannulation.
Medication management for patients with Parkinson's: the impact of a nurse specialist and non-medical prescribing in the hospital setting
Authors: Moore Samantha , Jackson Sarah , Yousuf Asim 
Published: May 2022

Background Parkinson's UK conducted the Get it On Time campaign in 2006 to highlight the difficulties people with Parkinson's experience when admitted to hospital. Aim This article reports on two related audits that focus on the impact of non-medical prescribing in a hospital setting for patients who are admitted with Parkinson's disease. Method An audit was undertaken to identify what was happening in a one district general hospital. Service developments were implemented with the introduction of a hospital-based Parkinson's specialist nurse with the non-medical prescribing qualification providing early assessment and liaison with the treating surgical and medical teams to ensure the Parkinson's condition was managed. A second audit was completed to assess the impact. Results At baseline patients experienced frequent medication errors and extended length of stay. The evaluation audit revealed a reduced length of stay and a decrease in medication errors. Conclusion The implementation of a Parkinson's specialist nurse with the non-medical prescribing qualification along with an alert system, helped improve the outcomes for patients with Parkinson's on admission to hospital. The reduction in length of stay demonstrated cost savings. Evidencing the positive outcome of this service improvement, has allowed the continuation of the specialist nursing role and is recommended as one aspect of developing hospital services for people with Parkinson's.
Tunable and switchable multi-wavelength random distributed feedback fiber laser based on SMF and a cascaded Sagnac ring filter
Authors: Pan Honggang , Liu Zhanzhi , Zhang Ailing , Guo Taotao , Peng Yaomei 
Published: May 2022

A tunable and switchable multi-wavelength random distributed feedback fiber laser based on cascaded Sagnac loops is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The random distribution feedback of the laser is provided by the Rayleigh scattering generated by the single-mode fiber (SMF). The cascaded Sagnac loops act as a filter and a reflector in the half-open cavity laser. The single-, dual-, three-, and four-wavelength channels can be realized by adjusting the angle of the polarization controller at the pump power of 300 mW. In the single-, dual-, and three-wavelength channels, the wavelength spacing can be maintained, and the laser wavelength position can be changed at the same time. The maximum wavelength tuning ranges of single-, dual-, and three-wavelength outputs are about 4.5 nm, 2.6 nm, and 1 nm, respectively. The proposed multi-wavelength random fiber laser has the advantages of simple structure and low threshold, and it has good application prospects in remote sensing and imaging systems.
A protocol for recruiting and analyzing the disease-oriented Russian disc degeneration study (RuDDS) biobank for functional omics studies of lumbar disc degeneration
Authors: Leonova Olga N. , Elgaeva Elizaveta E. , Golubeva Tatiana S. , Peleganchuk Alexey V. , Krutko Aleksandr V. , Aulchenko Yurii S. , Tsepilov Yakov A. 
Published: May 2022

Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) disease is one of the main risk factors for low back pain and a leading cause of population absenteeism and disability worldwide. Despite a variety of biological studies, lumbar DD is not yet fully understood, partially because there are only few studies that use systematic and integrative approaches. This urges the need for studies that integrate different omics (including genomics and transcriptomics) measured on samples within a single cohort. This protocol describes a disease-oriented Russian disc degeneration study (RuDDS) biobank recruitment and analyses aimed to facilitate further omics studies of lumbar DD integrating genomic, transcriptomic and glycomic data. A total of 1,100 participants aged over 18 with available lumbar MRI scans, medical histories and biological material (whole blood, plasma and intervertebral disc tissue samples from surgically treated patients) will be enrolled during the three-year period from two Russian clinical centers. Whole blood, plasma and disc tissue specimens will be used for genotyping with genome-wide SNP-arrays, glycome profiling and RNA sequencing, respectively. Omics data will be further used for a genome-wide association study of lumbar DD within silicofunctional annotation, analysis of plasma glycome and lumbar DD disease interactions and transcriptomic data analysis including an investigation of differential expression patterns associated with lumbar DD disease. Statistical tests applied in each of the analyses will meet the standard criteria specific to the attributed study field. In a long term, the results of the study will expand fundamental knowledge about lumbar DD development and contribute to the elaboration of novel personalized approaches for disease prediction and therapy. Additionally to the lumbar disc degeneration study, a RuDDS cohort could be used for other genetic studies, as it will have unique omics data.Trial registration numberNCT04600544.
PEMODELAN MIXED GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION DENGAN ADAPTIVE BANDWIDTH UNTUK ANGKA HARAPAN HIDUP (Studi Kasus : Angka Harapan Hidup di Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Nisa Rizki Faizatun , Sugito Sugito , Hakim Arief Rachman 
Published: May 2022

Life expectancy at birth (AHH) is an estimate of the years a person will take from birth. AHH is used as an indicator of public health and welfare. These two indicators are of concern to the government in relation to human development. It is hoped that the AHH value will continue to increase so that the quality of human development will also increase. Modeling of the factors that influence AHH needs to be done so that efforts to increase AHH become more effective.The AHH value for Central Java (Central Java) in 2020 is 74.37. Factors thought to influence AHH in Central Java are the percentage of poor people (X1), the percentage of households with proper sanitation (X2), the percentage of children under five who are fully immunized (X3) and the open unemployment rate (X4). The assumption of homoscedasticity in AHH modeling in Central Java using linear regression was not fulfilled, meaning that there was spatial heterogeneity between districts/cities, so the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) method was used. The weighting function used is the Bisquare and Tricube kernels with adaptive bandwidth. The GWR method will encounter problems if not all independent variables are local, so the Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) method is used. The results of the GWR analysis for the two weighting functions are that the X1 variable is not local, so the MGWR method is used. The results of MGWR modeling for the two weighting functions are that local variables and global variables have a significant effect. The best model is the MGWR model with Kernel Tricube weighting because it has the smallest AICc value. Keyword : AHH, GWR, MGWR, Adaptive Kernel Bisquare, Adaptive Kernel Tricube, AICc
The status of /w/ in Old High German
Authors: Kostakis Andrew , Noelliste Erin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Old High German (OHG) differs from many other languages in that [w] does not stand in complementary distribution with [u], but rather it exhibits alternations with [o]. For example, the [o] in adjectives like gël[o] ‘yellow.nom.sg’ alternates with [w] in corresponding inflected forms (e.g. gël[w]es ‘yellow.gen.sg’). Based on extant data, we make three claims about OHG [w]. First, we use several analytical lenses – from phonotactics and etymology to sound patterning and feature composition – to argue that /w/ was an underlying consonant. This is surprising from the point of view of phonology since glides like [w] are usually assumed to be allophones of vowels. Second, we propose that OHG /w/ had the same height features as mid vowels. This accounts for the fact that /w/ neutralizes to [o] (and not [u]) in word-final position and also derives independent support from other OHG processes (namely primary umlaut). Finally, we show how the OHG data intersect with literature on the typology of glides and fail to fit naturally within that typology. Our findings place OHG glides into a seemingly unique category, the analysis of which not only broadens our understanding of OHG phonology, but also typological possibilities involved with derived and underlying glides.
Pediatric practicums in undergraduate nursing programs: an integrative review
Authors: Onororemu Oghenerukevwe Edoja , Alschech Jonathan , McCabe Janet , Sanders Caroline 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Practicum Placements are the signature andragogy used in undergraduate nursing programs to bring about knowledge consolidation. Little is known, however, about the types of pediatric practicum placements utilized by nursing programs to provide practical learning opportunities in child health to their students. The purpose of this integrative review is to identify and appraise existing literature on practical pediatric practices in undergraduate nursing education.

Method
Searches were conducted using the main relevant databases and search engines. Of the numerous articles retrieved, screened, and reviewed, 15 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results were then analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Two overarching themes were identified: (1) Adaptation, and (2) Learning.

Conclusion
Findings revealed that most nursing programs utilize alternative placement sites to meet the learning need of their students. These sites provided students with the opportunities to care for children and adolescents, and engage in a variety of health promotion and teaching activities.