bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health and climate change – a developmental life course perspective
Authors: Vergunst F. , Berry H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionClimate change is a major global public health challenge that will have wide ranging effects on human psychological health and wellbeing through the increased incidence of acute (e.g., storms, floods, wildfires), sub-acute (e.g., heat stress, droughts, lost agricultural yields) and long-term stressors (e.g., changes to landscapes and ecosystems). Children and adolescents are particularly at risk because of their rapidly developing brain, vulnerability to disease and limited capacity to avoid or adapt to climate change-related threats and impacts. They are also more likely to worry about climate change impacts than any other age group.ObjectivesTo produce a new conceptual framework that describes climate change-related threats to youth mental health from a developmental life course perspective.MethodsWe critically review and synthesis literature documenting the pathways, processes and mechanisms linking climate change to increased mental health vulnerability.ResultsWe show that climate change-related threats can additively and interactively increase psychopathology risk from conception onwards, that these effects are already occurring and that they constitute an important threat to mental health and therefore human capital worldwide. We then argue that birth cohort studies are uniquely positioned to examine climate change-related threats and that incorporating relevant measures into existing and planned birth cohorts is a matter of social justice and crucial long-term investment in mental health research.ConclusionsClimate change is affecting the healthy psychological development of children and these risks are increasing worldwide. New theoretical and empirical work is urgently needed so that threats can be tracked and mitigated.
Childhood mental health and juvenile delinquency: A within-family comparison
Authors: Kim S. , Kim D.H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChild metal health is associated with prospective delinquent outcomes. However, this association might be confounded by genetic and other shared factorsObjectivesWe aimed to examine the association between the behavioral symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, conduct disorder, depression, and oppositional defiant disorder in childhood (age 4-12) and the prospective delinquent outcomes as measured by lifetime illicit drug use, criminal activities, and victimization prior to age 18, using the nationally representative U.S. survey that allowed us to compare siblings in the same mother.Methods
Aged-adjusted subscales or ADHD, conduct disorder, depression, and ODD were obtained from the mother-reported survey responses. Within-family analyses were performed to control for family-specific unobserved factors as well as child-specific observed factors.ResultsAntisocial scores in childhood were strongly associated with lifetime arrest, probation, and incarceration as well as lifetime illicit drug use in adolescence. ADHD scores are associated with lifetime victimization in physical attack and rape, but not with criminal activities or illicit drug use.ConclusionsConduct disorder consistently increases lifetime illicit drug use and criminal activities independently of genetic factors and gender. ADHD is not associated with lifetime illicit drug use or criminal activities, but is associated with lifetime victimization. No significant gender differences are found although anxiety/depression symptoms are often positively associated with delinquent outcomes only among females.
Depression and anxiety among diabetics in primary care : a cross-sectional study
Authors: Omezzine R. Gniwa , Bouali W. , Sriha A. Belguith , Zarrouk L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent chronic diseases in Tunisia. Individuals with diabetes mellitus may have concurrent mental health disorders and are shown to have poorer disease outcomes.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety in diabetics attending the primary care setting.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey carried out over two months and including diabetic patients followed up at the consultation for chronic diseases at the primary care center of Hiboun, in Mahdia, Tunisia. The validated Hosiptal Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) questionnaire was used as a screening tool for the symptoms of depression and anxiety.ResultsA total of 64 patients (24 men and 40 women) was enrolled. The average age was 54.5 ± 7.2 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.2 ± 2.3 years. The average HbA1c level was 9.1%.Over 48% of patients were overweight. The prevalence of Depression and anxiety among patients with diabetes from our study was 29.6% and 40.6%, respectively. Depression was found to be significantly associated with marital status of widowed, HbA1c level of more than 8.5%, and a family history of psychiatric illness. anxiety was significantly associated with females, unmployement and HbA1c level of more than 8.5%.ConclusionsScreening of high risk Type II diabetics for depression and anxiety symptoms in the primary care setting is recommended at regular intervals.
Bipolar disorder and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Maamri A. , Ghabi H. , Zalila H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating illness characterized not only by severe neurological symptoms and somatic signs but also by psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric comorbidity is common in MS. However, the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity remains understudied.ObjectivesTo discuss the relationship of psychiatric disorder to neurologic dysfunction in MS through a clinical case.MethodsPresentation of a clinical case of bipolar disorder in a 45-year-old woman with MS, followed by a literature review.Results
We reported a case of a 45-year-old woman, who was followed in neurology for MS since the age of twenty-five. She was stable under monthly treatment. She was referred by her neurologist for psychomotor excitement, insomnia, feeling of well being, and sexual disinhibition. The symptoms were present for three weeks. At the interview, she was euphoric, disinhibited, she had logorrhea and did not verbalize delirium. An attack of multiple sclerosis was ruled out. The patient did not report any history of psychiatric illness, epilepsy, head trauma, or use of psychoactive substances. We retained the diagnosis of bipolar disorder (manic episode). Divalproex sodium and olanzapine were prescribed with significant improvement of symptoms.ConclusionsThis reported case is interesting since it highlights the possible association between multiple sclerosis and bipolar disorder. Further investigations are needed to identify potential shared risk factors between these pathologies to improve patients’ outcomes.
An acute psychotic disorder revealing hyperthyroidism by thyroid neoplasia: A case study
Authors: Sellami S. , Halouani N. , Chamseddine A. , Othman F. Ben , Aloulou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRarely, thyroid cancer can lead to hyperthyroidism. The link between dysthyroidism and psychiatric symptoms is well established, but cases of psychosis associated with hyperthyroidism are rarely reported in the literature.ObjectivesIdentifying psychosis secondary to hyperthyroidism caused by a secreting tumor through a case and literature review.MethodsWe report the case of a patient with thyroid suspect tumor and chronic psychosis. We performed a literature review based on a PubMed search with the following keywords: “dysthyroidism psychosis”.Results
Mr. S,32, with a personal psychiatric history of chronic psychosis evolving since 4 years, without notable pathological history, was hospitalized in psychiatry for psychomotor instability, verbal hetero-aggressiveness, subtotal insomnia and refusal of treatment. The psychiatric examination revealed the presence of a chronic delusional syndrome with a theme of persecution, mysticism,and an interpretive, intuitive and hallucinatory mechanism, without dissociative syndrome. The somatic examination objectified a cachectic patient with a bilateral symmetrical non-impulsive exophthalmos, a goiter with a thrill on palpation, dysphonia and sinus tachycardia.A laboratory workup revealed inflammatory syndrome, collapsed TSH (<0.05 mU / L) and an increased T4 to 37 pmol / L. Cervical ultrasound showed a strongly suspect left lobar heteronodular goiter and poorly structured peripheral lymphadenopathy (TI-RADS 4-B). Sedative diazepam therapy was started with antithyroid therapy and a beta blocker. The evolution was quickly favorable. The patient is referred for surgical treatement.ConclusionsThe severity of the hyperthyroidism,neoplastic origin, the improvement in psychotic signs with antithyroid treatment are arguments in favor of the thyroid origin by thyroid neoplasia.
Coping mechanisms and resilience in psychiatric trainees during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Crisan C.-A. , Pop R. , Mihai A. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
The Covid-19 pandemic has a profound impact on all domains of day to day life, forcing individuals to make substancial change in the way of living. Such change is known to cause an important psychological distress, and in some persons evidencing silent disorders among apparently functional individuals. Good coping mechanisms and resilience can be the key to overpass this difficult period.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the coping mechanisms and resilience that Romanian psychiatric trainees used during Covid19 pandemic.Methods
We developed an online questionnaire. We included questions about different socio-demographical variables and about coping mechanisms (using COPE scale), resilience (using Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) and quality of life (using QoL Scale).Results
The preliminary data show that staying busy, seeking social support and having a positive minset are emotion-focused coping strategies present in individuals who overpass easier this period.ConclusionsThe Covid-19 pandemic is creating significant distress and impairment in functioning, but individuals who have good psychological mechanisms and who are more adaptable are less vulnerable during Covid-19 pandemic. Future research should build upon these findings to better understand coping mechanisms during crises and also social policies should be developed to acknowledge the variable needs in adults.
Binge eating disorders in the age of coronavirus outbreak
Authors: Dhemaid M. , Abbes W. , Hafi S. , Nabli H. , Ghanmi L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionLockdown imposed by the Tunisian government had a psychological impact such as depression, stress and anxiety, which triggered the development of eating disorders especially binge eating disorder.ObjectivesTo screen the binge eating disorder among general population in Gabes (south of Tunisia) and to identify factors associated with it.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical web-based survey, from April 19, 2020, to May 5, 2020 on Facebook on citizens living in south of Tunisia. During this period, the total confirmed cases of COVID-19 exceeded 900 in Tunisia. We used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing citizen’s sociodemographic and clinical data. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria were used to assess Binge-Eating Disorder.ResultsA total of 331 persons were included. They were females (65%) and singles (43,2%). 71% of our population were aged between 20 and 40 years old. Among citizens of southern Tunisia, 6,9% suffered from binge eating disorder during this period of the lockdown. Binge eating disorders were associated to past psychiatric history (2,1% vs 4,53%, p<10-3), history of eating disorder (4,5% vs 2,4%, p<10-3), social isolation (5,1% vs 1,8%, p=0,015) and lack of physical activity (3,3% vs 3,9%, p=0,025).ConclusionsOur study showed that lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the eating behavior of citizens of southern Tunisia. It is therefore important to screen them in order to manage them before complications emerge.
Did social media interaction replace quantitatively and qualitatively social face to face interaction during first months of COVID-19 pandemic ?
Authors: Grech A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 has changed entire lives. Lockdowns all over the world have resulted in social isolation and whole populations started to live a new social norm.ObjectivesIn this presentation I will discuss the role social media has played in social interactions during lockdown. Mainly if social media use has replaced social face to face interactions. This both in terms of quantity and emotional quality of interactions. I will be using a study we conducted in Malta in this regard.MethodsIt seems that social media use has increased during lockdown. To analyse this in Malta we studied a dataset comprising more than 50,000 comments and more than 150,000 interactions that has been extracted from Facebook covering a time span of four months. These months were the first wave of COVID- 19 cases in Malta. We conducted a quantitative and qualitative data analysis to establish the social polarity of the content.ResultsI will discuss how social media has in part replaced the social face to face interactions during COVID- 19 pandemic initial months, and use the results of the study we conducted in Malta as an example.ConclusionsIt would be useful to analyse further the use of social media in the new social norm caused by COVID- 19. Most importantly how it could be used to decrease social isolation effectively and increase psychological wellbeing.
Professional burnout and increased workload during covid-19 in higher education teachers in monteria - colombia
Authors: Gonzalez E.P. Ruiz , Otalvaro A.M. Romero , Argel M.N. Muñoz , Urzola A. Uribe 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Faced with the global health emergency, a product of Covid-19, the educational system was forced to change its dynamics, assuming new challenges and adapting to virtual environments (Sierra, López, Azar & Trevethan, 2020). In this sense, the teaching task from home supposes an increase in the hours dedicated to their work, since they have seen the need to be trained in digital platforms to be able to respond to the changes derived from confinement; which can quietly generate professional wear and tear.ObjectivesAnalyze the relationship between professional burnout and increased workload on teachersMethodsA cross-sectional study of correlational scope was carried out in 60 (n = 60) teachers, working actively at a higher education institution. A sociodemographic scale was designed to identify the hours dedicated to work before and during confinement and to evaluate professional burnout, the adaptation of the MBI instrument for the Colombian population was used (Barbato, Córdoba, González, Martínez & Tamayo, 2011)ResultsA 50% increase in the workload of teachers was observed during confinement, besides, a statistically significant correlation between professional burnout and the increase in hours dedicated to work (Table 1)ConclusionsIt was possible to conclude that the significant increase in the workload in teachers correlates positively with levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization; however, no correlations were observed between workload and personal achievement of higher education teachers.
Reduced activity in a liaison psychiatry service during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic: Comparison with 2019 data and characterisation of the SARS-COV-2 positive cohort
Authors: Butler M. , Delvi A. , Mujic F. , Broad S. , Pauli L. , Pollak T. , Gibbs S. , Lam C.C. Sin Fai , Calcia M. , Posporelis S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in how healthcare was accessed and delivered. It was suggested that COVID-19 will lead to an increased delirium burden in its acute phase, with variable effect on mental health in the longer term. Despite this, there are limited data on the direct effects of the pandemic on psychiatric care.Objectives
1) describe the mental health presentations of a diverse acute inpatient population, 2) compare findings with the same period in 2019, 3) characterise the SARS-CoV-2 positive cohort of patients.MethodsWe present a descriptive summary of the referrals to a UK psychiatric liaison department during the exponential phase of the pandemic, and compare this to the same period in 2019.Resultsshow a 40.3% reduction in the number of referrals in 2020, with an increase in the proportion of referrals for delirium and psychosis. One third (28%) of referred patients tested positive for COVID-19 during their admission, with 39.7% of these presenting with delirium as a consequence of their COVID-19 illness. Our data indicate decreased clinical activity for our service during the pandemic’s peak. There was a marked increase in delirium, though in no other psychiatric presentations.ConclusionsIn preparation for further exponential rises in COVID-19 cases, we would expect seamless integration of liaison psychiatry teams in general hospital wards to optimise delirium management in patients with COVID-19. Further consideration should be given to adequate staffing of community and crisis mental health teams to safely manage the potentially increasing number of people reluctant to visit the emergency department.
Telecommunication and neuropsychiatric symptoms in long term care dementia patients during the COVID-19 lockdown ERA
Authors: Konstantinou A. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Ippokrateio Therapeutirio in the city of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece is a private for-profit psychogeriatric hospital focusing on Long Term Care on patients with dementia. During the COVID-19 era lockdown visits by carers/relatives/friends were forbidden due to the preventive government measures. At that same time appearance and/or exaggeration of neuropsychiatric symptoms was observed. In order to restore communication issues we performed telecommunication sessions (videocalls) and measured, among other factors, neuropsychiatric symptoms before and after sessions.Objectives
Primary objective was to check for relations between video-calls and changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms using NeuroPsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Secondary objective was to check for carers and patients satisfaction, mainly through qualitative information.Methods120 patients with diagnosis of minor or major neuroconitive disorder of any type participated in the video call sessions. Two video calls per patient took place (1 per week) with a 10-inches tablet. Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was performed before the start of the video-calls. NPI had been performed again the week after both sessions were completed. Satisfaction of carers and patients was recorded, mostly as qualitative data.ResultsNeuropsychiatric symptoms improved in patients with mild or moderate neurocognitive decline. In more severe cases though anxiety, irritability and sleep problems worsened. Satisfaction reached almost 95% of the carers.Conclusions
Video calls could be a very good way to surpass the communication burden during the pandemic restrictions for LTC dementia patients. Caution should be given to severely demented patients since clinical observations show that a cluster of symptoms worsens.
AI-driven adaptive treatment strategies in internet-delivered CBT
Authors: Kaldo V. , Isacsson N. , Forsell E. , Bjurner P. , Abdesslem F. Ben , Boman M. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Adaptive Treatment Strategies warns therapists of patients at risk of treatment failure to prompt an adaption of the intervention. Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (ICBT) collects a wide range of data before and during treatment and can quickly be adapted by adjusting the level of therapist support. Objectives: To evaluate how accurate machine learning algorithms can predict a single patient’s final outcome and evaluate the opportunities for using them within an Adaptive Treatment Strategy. Methods: Over 6000 patients at the Internet Psychiatry Clinic in Stockholm receiving ICBT for major depression, panic disorder or social anxiety disorder composed a training data set for eight different machine learning methods (e.g. k-Nearest Neighbour, random forest, and multilayer perceptrons). Symptom measures, messages between therapist and patient, homework reports, and other data from baseline to treatment week four was used to predict treatment success (either 50% reduction or under clinical cut-off) for each primary symptom outcome. Results: The Balanced Accuracy for predicting failure/success always were significantly better than chance, varied between 56% and 77% and outperformed the predictive precision in a previous Adaptive Treatment Strategy trial. Predictive power increased when data from treatment weeks was cumulatively added to baseline data. Conclusions: The machine learning algorithms outperformed a predictive algorithm previously used in a successful Adaptive Treatment Strategy, even though the latter also received input from a therapist. The next steps are to visualize what factors contributes most to a specific patient’s prediction and to enhance predictive power even further by so called Ensemble Learning.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Covid19 pandemic impacts on mental health of tunisian health care workers
Authors: Dhemaid M. , Abbes W. , Kerkeni A. , Bader S. , Abbes M. , Medhaffer K. , Zitoun K. , Ghanmi L. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Covid19 pandemic in Tunisia has disturbed the health system. Health care workers, who were in the frontline to face this disease, had experienced reactions of anxiety, depression and distress.ObjectivesTo assess the level of anxiety and depression among health care workers of regional hospital of Gabes (south of Tunisia) and its associated factors.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study, from April 19, 2020, to May 5, 2020 on healthcare workers in Gabes regional Hospital. All hospital departments and units were included. We used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical data. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) validated in the Tunisian dialectal version was used to assess anxiety and depression.ResultsAmong the 289 responding participants, 100 (34.6%) were frontline health care workers directly engaged in managing patients with coronavirus disease. Our study revealed that 43.6% of health care workers were suffering from anxiety and 44.3 % from depression. There was a significant association between anxiety and female gender (p<0.001), being married (p=0.006), mental health conditions (p<0.001) especially anxiety disorders (p<0.001) and depressive disorders (p=0.03), personal medical history of dysthyroidism (p=0.013) and smoking (p=0.005). Nurses experienced more likely anxiety symptoms than other occupation (p=0.021). There was significant relationship between depression and female gender (p<0.001), married status (p=0.02), age under 50 (p=0.032) and mental health conditions (p<0.001) such as anxiety disorders (p=0.001) and depressive disorders (p=0.013).ConclusionsIt is crucial to provide care for health care workers with mental health problems during their struggle with covid19.