bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principles for scientists working at the river science‐policy interface
Authors: Thompson Ross M , Barbour Emily J , Bradshaw Corey J A , Briggs Sue , Byron Neil , Grace Michael , Hart Barry T. , King Alison J. , Likens Gene E. , Pollino Carmel A. , Sheldon Fran , Stewardson Michael J , Thoms Martin , Watts Robyn J , Webb J Angus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the face of mounting environmental and political challenges in river management, accurate and timely scientific information is required to inform policy development and guide effective management of waterways. The Murray–Darling Basin is Australia's largest river system by area and is the subject of a heavily contested series of water reforms relying comprehensively on river science. River scientists have specialised knowledge that is an important input into evidence‐based decision‐making for the management of the Murray–Darling Basin, but despite extensive literature on the interface between science and policy, there is little guidance on achieving policy relevance for practicing scientists. Here, we provide a set of important discussion points for water scientists to consider when engaging with policy‐makers and environmental water managers. We place our considerations in the context of a broader literature discussing the role of natural‐resource scientists engaging with policy and management. We then discuss the different roles for river scientists when engaging in this space, and the advantages and pitfalls of each. We illustrate the breadth of modes of engagement at the science‐policy‐management interface using the Murray–Darling Basin as an example. We emphasise the need for effective governance arrangements and data practices to protect scientists from accusations of operating as advocates when working to inform management and policy.
Optimization of Triterpenoid Extraction from Ganoderma lucidum by Ethanol‐Modified Supercritical Carbon Dioxide andthe Biological Properties of the Extract
Authors: Dat Tran Do , Viet Nguyen Duc , Thanh Vuong Hoai , Linh Ngo Thi Thuy , Ngan Nguyen Thi Kim , Nam Hoang Minh , Phong Mai Thanh , Hieu Nguyen Huu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, the supercritical CO2 extraction methodology was utilized to extract triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum). Box‐Behnken experimental design was employed in order to optimize the extraction conditions. Results showed that the highest triterpenoid content of 4.122±0.09 mg/g could be obtained under extraction conditions including pressure of 312 bar, temperature of 53 °C, solvent‐to‐sample ratio 1.74 mL/g, and time of 120 min. The extract was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy to confirm the support of the supercritical CO2 in disrupting the cell walls of G. lucidum. The 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging was carried out for the antioxidant evaluation. The antibacterial properties of the extract were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica with inhibition zone of 21.33, 21.67, 23.67, and 14.00 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the extract was able to suppress the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and epidermic carcinoma the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration values of 50.32, 75.34, and 113.16 μg/mL, respectively. Therefore, the present investigation demonstrates the potential use of G. lucidum, which is high in triterpenoid in the manufacture of functional foods, health promotion, against bacterial infections, and cancer therapy.
Effect of Cu Content on Structure of NiCu Alloy Catalyst and Catalytic Performance for Nitroarenes Hydrogenation
Authors: Lin Xinrui , Sheng Yao , Yin Yuchen , Zou Xiujing , Liu Yang , Wang Xueguang , Lu Xionggang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarbon doped silica‐supported NiCu alloy nanoparticles (Ni1Cux/C@SiO2) with different Cu/Ni molar ratio (x=0.12, 0.24, 0.36) were fabricated via one‐step impregnation, following in situ carbonization reduction. Effects of Cu content on catalyst structure, surface properties and particle sizes were investigated by Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), Raman, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface Ni0 content increased with increasing Cu content, but showed a maximum at 0.24 of Cu/Ni molar ratio, because the smaller NiCu alloy nanoparticle formed and the segregation of antioxidative Cu atoms on the surface protected the metallic Ni from oxidation. The Ni1Cux/C@SiO2 were investigated for nitrobenzene hydrogenation with H2. The optimal Ni1Cu0.24/C@SiO2 catalyst with the highest Ni0 content showed markedly improved catalytic activity compared to monometallic Ni/C@SiO2. The Ni0 species were the active sites for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. The Ni1Cu0.24/C@SiO2 could transform various substituted nitroarenes to corresponding aromatic amines. Moreover, the Ni1Cu0.24/C@SiO2 could be recycled for 8 times without decrease in catalytic performance, exhibiting superior anti‐oxidation and anti‐leaching abilities.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Furano and Pyrano Pyrimidinones (Thiones) by Using Zn‐Al−Cu@Poly Triazine‐Thiourea‐Sulfonamide‐SO3H Nanocatalyst
Authors: Rahimi Abumuslim , Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Alavinia Sedigheh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, conjugated nanomaterials made of a nano‐metal oxides core and polymers have emerged as a promising candidate in new generation catalysis. Herein, we report a novel heterogeneous catalyst by immobilizing poly triazine‐thiourea‐sulfonamide (PTTSA) on the surface of the Zn−Al−Cu core. In this sense, the sulfonated catalyst was obtained via simple sulfonation using chlorosulfonic acid (Zn−Al−Cu@PTTSA‐SO3H). The post‐synthetically modified nanomaterial was characterized using FT‐IR, FE‐SEM, TGA, EDX, XRD, and WDX. Regarding the catalytic exploration, we aimed at synthesizing furano and pyrano pyrimidinone derivatives via a one‐pot three‐component reaction of urea/thiourea, 2,3‐dihydrofuran/3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran, and aldehydes with a variety of substrates. The catalyst is highly reusable and efficient, especially in terms of time and yield of the desired product.
Experimental Study on Aggregation Regulation and Plugging Performance of Nanoparticles in Low‐permeability Heterogeneous Cores
Authors: Shao Minglu , Fu Lipei , Yue Xiangan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo solve the defects of existing particles in in‐depth profile control of low permeability reservoirs, a cross‐linked polystyrene nanoparticles named as CSA was synthesized by emulsion polymerization method, and its aggregation plugging performance was investigated. Characterization analysis indicated that CSA particles displayed uniform microsphereical morphology and core‐shell heterogeneous structure. The CSA particles with the mean diameter ranging from 155.4 to 273.8 nm could be readily produced by moderate dosage change of acrylamide and surfactant. The property evaluation results showed that there was competition between the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC) and aggregation control agent. Aggregation control agent promoted the aggregation of CSA particles, while AEC can ensure the long‐term dispersion stability of CSA particles. Core tests suggested that CSA can not only properly propagate to deep formation, but also seal water channels through aggregation particle clusters, revealing the good injectivity and in‐depth conformance control capability in low‐permeability heterogeneous cores.
Pyrene‐Fused Furan: Simple Synthesis of π‐Expanded Heterohelicene
Authors: Honda Risa , Hara Nobuyuki , Imai Yoshitane , Sugiura Ken‐ichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTreatment of p‐toluenesulfonic acid on bipyrenol in PhCl gave a pyrene‐fused furan. The expansion of the molecule induced a narrow HOMO‐LUMO gap, multiple redox processes showing both oxidation and reduction, and a bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum. A small Stokes shift was caused by the rigidity of the molecule. The structures and electronic states were estimated by theoretical considerations. We found that the heteroatom containing a [5]helicene molecule shows racemization through a planar transition state.
Development of a Photonic Switch via Electro‐Capillarity‐Induced Water Penetration Across a 10‐nm Gap
Authors: Yu Eui‐Sang , Chae Kyomin , Kim Taehyun , Lee Jongsu , Seo Jungmok , Kim In Soo , Chung Aram J. , Lee Sin‐Doo , Ryu Yong‐Sang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith narrow and dense nanoarchitectures increasingly adopted to improve optical functionality, achieving the complete wetting of photonic devices is required when aiming at underwater molecule detection over the water‐repellent optical materials. Despite continuous advances in photonic applications, real‐time monitoring of nanoscale wetting transitions across nanostructures with 10‐nm gaps, the distance at which photonic performance is maximized, remains a chronic hurdle when attempting to quantify the water influx and molecules therein. For this reason, the present study develops a photonic switch that transforms the wetting transition into perceivable color changes using a liquid‐permeable Fabry–Perot resonator. Electro‐capillary‐induced Cassie‐to‐Wenzel transitions produce an optical memory effect in the photonic switch, as confirmed by surface‐energy analysis, simulations, and an experimental demonstration. The results show that controlling the wetting behavior using the proposed photonic switch is a promising strategy for the integration of aqueous media with photonic hotspots in plasmonic nanostructures such as biochemical sensors.
Layer‐Dependent Raman Spectroscopy and Electronic Applications of Wide‐Bandgap 2D Semiconductor β‐ZrNCl
Authors: Nong Huiyu , Wu Qinke , Tan Junyang , Sun Yujie , Zheng Rongxu , Zhang Rongjie , Zhao Shilong , Liu Bilu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, 2D layered semiconductors have received much attention for their potential in next‐generation electronics and optoelectronics. Wide‐bandgap 2D semiconductors are especially important in the blue and ultraviolet wavelength region, although there are very few 2D materials in this region. Here, monolayer β‐type zirconium nitride chloride (β‐ZrNCl) is isolated for the first time, which is an air‐stable layered material with a bandgap of ≈3.0 eV in bulk. Systematical investigation of layer‐dependent Raman scattering of ZrNCl from monolayer, bilayer, to bulk reveals a blueshift of its out‐of‐plane A1g peak at ≈189 cm–1. Importantly, this A1g peak is absent in the monolayer, suggesting that it is a fingerprint to quickly identify the monolayer and for the thickness determination of 2D ZrNCl. The back gate field‐effect transistor based on few‐layer ZrNCl shows a high on/off ratio of 108. These results suggest the potential of 2D β‐ZrNCl for electronic applications.
A Gyroscope Nanogenerator with Frequency Up‐Conversion Effect for Fitness and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Gai Yansong , Bai Yuan , Cao Yu , Wang Engui , Xue Jiangtao , Qu Xuecheng , Liu Zhuo , Luo Dan , Li Zhou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConverting the mechanical energy of human motion into electricity is considered an ideal energy supply solution for portable electronics. However, low‐frequency human movement limits conversion efficiency of conventional energy harvesting devices, which is difficult to provide sustainable power for portable electronic devices. Herein, a fitness gyroscope nanogenerator (fg‐NG) based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and electromagnetic generator (EMG) is developed that can convert low‐frequency wrist motion into high‐frequency rotation by using the frequency up‐conversion effect of the gyroscope. Remarkably, the fg‐NG can reach a rotational speed of over 8000 rpm by hand, increasing the frequency by more than 280 times. The fg‐NG can continuously and stably output a current of 17 mA and a voltage of 70 V at frequency of 220–230 Hz. The fg‐NG is demonstrated to consistently power a hygrothermograph, smart bracelet, and mobile phone. Also, it can be applicated to a self‐powered intelligent training system, showing its immense application potential in portable electronics and wireless Internet of Things devices.
Glucose variability during the early course of acute pancreatitis predicts two‐year probability of new‐onset diabetes: A prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Bharmal Sakina H. , Cho Jaelim , Ko Juyeon , Petrov Maxim S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute pancreatitis (AP) is the largest contributor to diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. However, there is no accurate predictor at the time of hospitalisation for AP to identify individuals at high risk for new‐onset diabetes.ObjectiveTo investigate the accuracy of indices of glucose variability (GV) during the early course of AP in predicting the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories during follow‐up.MethodsThis was a prospective longitudinal cohort study of patients without diabetes at the time of hospitalisation for AP. Fasting blood glucose was regularly measured over the first 72 h of hospital admission. The study endpoint was the HbA1c trajectories ‐ high‐increasing, moderate‐stable, normal‐stable ‐ over two years of follow‐up. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between several common GV indices and the HbA1c trajectories, adjusting for covariates (age, sex, and body mass index). A sensitivity analysis constrained to patients with non‐necrotising AP was conducted.ResultsA total of 120 consecutive patients were studied. All patients in the high‐increasing HbA1c trajectory group had new‐onset diabetes at 18 and 24 months of follow‐up. Glycaemic lability index had the strongest significant direct association (adjusted odds ratio = 13.69; p = 0.040) with the high‐increasing HbA1c trajectory. High admission blood glucose, standard deviation of blood glucose, and average real variability significantly increased the patients' odds of taking the high‐increasing HbA1c trajectory by at least two‐times. Admission blood glucose, but not the other GV indices, had a significant direct association (adjusted odds ratio = 1.46; p = 0.034) with the moderate‐stable HbA1c trajectory. The above findings did not change materially in patients with non‐necrotising AP alone.ConclusionsHigh GV during the early course of AP gives a prescient warning of worsening HbA1c pattern and new‐onset diabetes after hospital discharge. Determining GV during hospitalisation could be a relatively straightforward approach to early identification of individuals at high risk for new‐onset diabetes after AP.
Enhancement of Red Upconversion Emission of ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ Powders Synthesized via Solid Phase Reaction Method by Introducing Metal Fluoride
Authors: Dong Yanhao , Yang Qinghua , Wang Huanping , Li Yinqun , Xu Shiqing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders were synthesized by a common solid phase reaction method with NaF, CaF2, LiF, AlF3 and MgF2 as dopant. The enhancement mechanisms of different metal fluorides (NaF, CaF2, LiF, AlF3 and MgF2) and concentrations (0 wt% ∼9 wt %) on structure, morphology and optical properties of ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders were investigated systematically. The results revealed that as synthesized ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders are main exhibited as wurtzite phase, the lattice constant, unit cell volume and lattice strain increase with metal fluoride codoping, which indicates the increase of resultant distortion. As synthesized ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders have an intense red upconversion emission centered at 663 nm and a weak green upconversion emission centered at 567 nm under the excitation of a 980 nm laser diode. Compared with ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders synthesized without metal fluoride, the upconversion emission intensities of ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders synthesized with LiF, NaF, MgF2, AlF3 and CaF enhance ∼12 times, ∼9 times, ∼5 times, ∼3 times and ∼3 times, respectively. The strong red upconversion properties make the ZnS: Er3+/Yb3+ powders synthesized with metal fluoride a potential application in the field of light emitting diodes.
Determinants of Contract Renewals in University–Industry Contract Research: Going my Way, or Good Sam?
Authors: Yoshioka-Kobayashi Tohru , Takahashi Makiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLong-term university–industry contract research benefits both universities and the industry, as it can potentially reduce transaction costs and improve the quality of such collaborations. Nevertheless, trade-offs between the advantages and disadvantages of long-term contracts motivate firms to enter stage-gate contracts (i.e., a shorter contract period with an expectation of renewal or extension) to avoid uncertainty over collaboration’s performance. This study addresses two less understood questions in the contract renewal or extension decision: longitudinal changes in the strength of the commitment to the collaboration and the determinants of renewals. We empirically test these issues with 1562 research contracts from a leading Japanese university, and we match this database to a questionnaire survey results obtained from its industrial counterparts. Our empirical test identified an inverse-U-shaped effect on the degree of commitment in the time elapsed since the first research contract. We also found that firms are more likely to renew or extend a contract when they perceive technological knowledge learning or co-publish an academic paper. Our findings suggest that university–industry contract research focused on academic research-related activities (or academic researcher’s “going my way”) is likely to establish long-term collaborations.
Modelled lung deposition and retention of welding fume particles in occupational scenarios: a comparison to doses used in vitro
Authors: McCarrick Sarah , Karlsson Hanna L. , Carlander Ulrika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTranslating particle dose from in vitro systems to relevant human exposure remains a major challenge for the use of in vitro studies in assessing occupational hazard and risk of particle exposure. This study aimed to model the lung deposition and retention of welding fume particles following occupational scenarios and subsequently compare the lung doses to those used in vitro. We reviewed published welding fume concentrations and size distributions to identify input values simulating real-life exposure scenarios in the multiple path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model. The majority of the particles were reported to be below 0.1 μm and mass concentrations ranged between 0.05 and 45 mg/m3. Following 6-h exposure to 5 mg/m3 with a count median diameter of 50 nm, the tracheobronchial lung dose (0.89 µg/cm2) was found to exceed the in vitro cytotoxic cell dose (0.125 µg/cm2) previously assessed by us in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3kt). However, the tracheobronchial retention decreased rapidly when no exposure occurred, in contrast to the alveolar retention which builds-up over time and exceeded the in vitro cytotoxic cell dose after 1.5 working week. After 1 year, the tracheobronchial and alveolar retention was estimated to be 1.15 and 2.85 µg/cm2, respectively. Exposure to low-end aerosol concentrations resulted in alveolar retention comparable to cytotoxic in vitro dose in HBEC-3kt after 15–20 years of welding. This study demonstrates the potential of combining real-life exposure data with particle deposition modelling to improve the understanding of in vitro concentrations in the context of human occupational exposure.
Exploring the correlation between salt tolerance and yield: research advances and perspectives for salt-tolerant forage sorghum selection and genetic improvement
Authors: Amombo Erick , Ashilenje Dennis , Hirich Abdelaziz , Kouisni Lamfeddal , Oukarroum Abdallah , Ghoulam Cherki , El Gharous Mohamed , Nilahyane Abdelaziz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
Some salt stress response mechanisms can translate into sorghum forage yield and thus act as targets for genetic improvement.

Abstract
Sorghum is a drought-tolerant cereal that is widely grown in the vast Africa’s arid and semi-arid areas. Apart from drought, salinity is a major abiotic factor that, in addition to natural causes, has been exacerbated by increased poor anthropological activities. The importance of sorghum as a forage crop in saline areas has yet to be fully realized. Despite intraspecific variation in salt tolerance, sorghum is generally moderately salt-tolerant, and its productivity in saline soils can be remarkably limited. This is due to the difficulty of replicating optimal field saline conditions due to the great heterogeneity of salt distribution in the soil. As a promising fodder crop for saline areas, classic phenotype-based selection methods can be integrated with modern -omics in breeding programs to simultaneously address salt tolerance and production. To enable future manipulation, selection, and genetic improvement of sorghum with high yield and salt tolerance, here, we explore the potential positive correlations between the reliable indices of sorghum performance under salt stress at the phenotypic and genotypic level. We then explore the potential role of modern selection and genetic improvement programs in incorporating these linked salt tolerance and yield traits and propose a mechanism for future studies.
Dicyphus predatory bugs pre-established on tomato plants reduce Nesidiocoris tenuis population growth
Authors: Mouratidis Angelos , Leman Ada , Poelman Erik H. , Messelink Gerben 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeneralist predators are increasingly used in biological pest control for greenhouse crops, as they control multiple pests and persist in crops even when prey is scarce. However, some of these predators may cause plant damage due to their omnivorous feeding behaviour. In many European regions, the omnivorous predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is considered to be a serious tomato pest, regardless of the biological control services it offers, and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are based instead on Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur). However, as N. tenuis may competitively displace M. pygmaeus and cause severe damage, growers often resort to pesticide use, disrupting their biological control practice. In this study, we evaluated the competitive interactions of three mirid predators, Dicyphus errans Wolff, Dicyphus bolivari Lindberg, and Dicyphus cerastii Wagner, with N. tenuis. The results showed that pre-establishment of heterospecific mirid species can successfully suppress N. tenuis in the greenhouse; population growth was reduced by more than 90% compared to plants without competing predators. Further laboratory trials revealed reciprocal intraguild predation between these species in the absence of extraguild prey. Dicyphus adults predated on N. tenuis nymphs, while this was not found for M. pygmaeus. In olfactometer bioassays, N. tenuis females preferred plants previously exposed to heterospecifics but not conspecifics, suggesting that this mirid does not avoid competition. These results suggest that the three Dicyphus species could be interesting candidates for preventive releases in tomato crops due to their ability to effectively suppress N. tenuis population growth.