bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of an Air-Fed Mask System with Hospital-Issued Personal Protection Equipments for Dental Aerosol Protection During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bridgman John B. , Newsom Andrew L. , Chrisp David J. , Estelle Abi E. , Saunders Mark 
Published: December 2021

Aim:
A pilot study was conducted with the aim of developing a system to protect the eyes, nose, and mouth from the aerosol generated from a high-speed dental handpiece during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background:
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is known to be present in the saliva of an infected individual during the contagious viral shedding phase of the disease. The use of rotary dental instruments places oral health practitioners at risk of contracting COVID-19 from infected individuals. In particular, it is very difficult to protect the mucous membranes of the face against the extremely fine aerosol produced from a high-speed dental handpiece.

Objectives:
This study aimed to develop and test a novel PPE system for use during the COVID-19 pandemic. An air-fed spray-painting mask was used under a plastic hood to protect against the aerosol from a high-speed dental handpiece. This was found to be superior compared to hospital-issued N-95 masks and eye protection in our test model.

Methods:
Subjects donned various forms of PPE whilst using a high-speed dental handpiece in a confined cubicle. The efficacy of each form of PPE was evaluated by adding fluorescein to the water coolant supply line of a high-speed dental handpiece before checking for facial contamination with an ophthalmology slit lamp.

Results:
Under our test conditions, the N-95 mask did not prevent nasal and mouth contaminations, but the combination of an air-fed mask with a sealed hood prevented these contaminations. Although goggles worn tightly did prevent contamination, the air-fed mask system was far more comfortable and did not fog up.

Discussion:
Under the rigorous test conditions of our model, we found hospital-issued PPE ineffective. We also found the single strategy of using positive airflow into a face mask ineffective, even with extremely high levels of airflow. Complete protection was only achieved reliably by the combination of physically sealing off the face from the surrounding airspace and using the air-fed system to provide an external source of air to breathe. We effectively made the clinical equivalent of a dive bell helmet. The air-fed mask is supplied by a standard dental air compressor and is simple to install for someone familiar with the technical aspects of compressors. The compressor does not rely on a filter and proves effective with cheap and easily accessible disposable items.

Conclusion:
Under rigorous testing conditions, the developed air-fed mask system with a sealed hood on low flow performed better than hospital-issued PPE against high-speed dental aerosol protection. The developed system protects the operators from the air of the room contaminated with aerosol and brings in safe air from the outside for them to breathe.
Prosocial Behaviors Among the Vietnamese Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Social Education Programs
Authors: Thu Trang Vu , Vu Dung , Lee Kyesun , Thi Mai Lan Nguyen , Minh Nguyet Le , Dinh Bao Phan Phung , Hoang Thi Diem Ngoc Tran , Xuan Long Nguyen , Tien Nam Pham 
Published: December 2021

Objective:The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of prosocial behaviors and to examine associated factors among the Vietnamese people during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:Two hundred and ninety-two Vietnamese people participated in the study through web-based respondent network sampling.Result:Findings showed that the prevalence of high prosocial behaviors was 75.3%.Conclusion:In the multivariable regression models, significant factors for prosocial behaviors were institutional trust and age. Implications for social education programs were also discussed in this study.
The Survey of Fungal Contamination in the Air Flowing Out of Air Conditioners (Coolers) in a Car
Authors: Parsay Shima , Hashemi Seyed J. , A. Mohammadi Mahmood , Daie-Ghazvini Roshanak , Rafat Zahra , Bakhshi Heidar , Ebrahimi Robab 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Fungi are among the most important microorganisms in the air. The air conditioner (cooler) in a car can be an important reservoir for infectious agents, especially fungal species. The present study aimed to measure the fungal contamination in the air flowing out of air conditioners.

Objective:
In this study 138 cars including 69 Iranian-made cars and 69 cars made by foreign companies were examined.

Methods:
The plating technique was used. In this study, in each car, 2 plates were placed for 5 minutes when the air conditioner was on and also 2 plates were placed for 5 minutes when the air conditioner was off.

Results:
A total of 2442 colonies were isolated. The most common isolated fungi were Cladosporium spp. (25.55%), Penicillium spp. (6.14%) and Aspergillus niger (3.03%). The highest number of isolated fungal elements was observed in the Iranian-made cars during summer season (P-value<0.05). Furthermore, the growth rate of colonies on the plates placed on the front and rear seats of cars did not vary considerably (P-value > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Air conditioners of Iranian-made cars can be an important source for fungal transmission to the human respiratory system that is important, especially in susceptible people to allergic diseases and patients with immunodeficiency.
Neuroinflammation, Diabetes and COVID-19: Perspectives Coming from
Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro Bueno 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
A link between inflammatory diseases, e.g,. epilepsy, dementia, diabetes, and
COVID-19, has been established. For instance, observational studies involving several individuals
reported that people with epilepsy show an enhanced incidence of manifesting dysfunctions related
to cognition, e.g., dementia, while people with dementia have a higher incidence of manifesting
epilepsy, thus an evident bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and dementia might occur. In
addition, epilepsy commonly cooccurs in patients with diabetes, indicating an association between
these two disorders. Intriguingly, some reports have also observed a poor prognosis of people with
both diabetes and COVID-19. It is recognized that a dyshomeostasis of both Ca2+ and cAMP signalling
pathways could be a molecular connection for these disorders. Therefore, clarifying this
clinical relationship among epilepsy, dementia, diabetes, and COVID-19 may outcome in novel hypotheses
for identifying the etiology of these disorders.
Reaching Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases in Rural Tanzania Using Mobile Devices and Community Trust: Qualitative Study
Authors: Miyashita Ayano , Nakamura Keiko , Ohnishi Mayumi , Bintabara Deogratius , Shayo Festo K , Maro Isaac I , Sato Hideko , Seino Kaoruko , Kibusi Stephen 
Published: December 2021

Background
A health service using mobile devices, mobile health (mHealth), has been widely applied to programs focusing on maternal and child health and communicable diseases in sub-Saharan African countries. However, mHealth apps for noncommunicable disease (NCD) services remain limited.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the acceptability and potential usability of SMS text messaging for patients and health care providers for the management of NCDs as part of an implementation research in rural Tanzania.

Methods
Nine focus group discussions were conducted with 56 participants (21 community health workers [CHWs], 17 patients, and 18 health care professionals [HPs]) in 3 districts in the Dodoma region, Tanzania. The interview guides were prepared in Swahili, and each session was recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. The focus group discussions consisted of the following topics: (1) perceptions of the participants about the possible use of mobile devices and SMS text messages as an mHealth platform in community health services; and (2) experiences of mobile device use in health activities or receiving health services via a mobile phone in the past.

Results
CHWs and HPs reported having familiarity using mobile devices to provide health services, especially for reaching or tracing patients in remote settings; however, patients with NCDs were less familiar with the use of mobile devices compared with the other groups. Hesitation to receive health services via SMS text messaging was seen in the patient group, as they wondered who would send health advice to them. Some patients expected services beyond what mHealth could do, such as aiding in recovery from a disease or sending notifications about the availability of prescription medications. CHWs showed interest in using text messaging to provide health services in the community; however, the concerns raised by CHWs included the cost of using their own mobile devices. Moreover, they demanded training about NCD management before engaging in such an activity.

Conclusions
This study explored views and experiences regarding the possible installation of an mHealth intervention for managing NCDs in rural Tanzania. Although HPs and CHWs had experience using mobile devices to provide health services in non-NCD projects, only a few patients (3/17, 17%) had heard about the use of mobile devices to receive health services. To improve the suitability and acceptability of the intervention design for patients with NCDs, their trust must be earned. Involving CHWs in the intervention is recommended because they have already been appointed in the community and already know how to communicate effectively with patients in the area.
Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of Bamboo Activated Carbon Activate Using Potassium Hydroxide Assisted by Microwave-Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Mohd Zawawi Norakmalah , Hamzah Fazlena , Veny Harumi , Mohd Rodhi Miradatul Najwa , Sarif Mahanim 
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the utilization of bamboo residue from the chopstick industry as modified carbon (AC) for supercapacitor application. Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) was activated using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and assisted with microwave ultrasonic (Mw-U) irradiation to enhance the properties of bamboo activated carbon (BAC). Different microwave (Mw) power intensities of 100 W, 300 W, and 500 W at 30 minutes of retention time have been applied on activation and the carbonization process was conducted at temperature 800°C. The BAC was analyzed for the morphology using a scanning electron microscope and proximate and ultimate analysis. Then BAC with the higher surface area was subjected to the electrochemical analysis to determine the electrochemical properties. The study indicated Mw-U irradiation improved the morphology of the BAC, eliminated the impurity of the sample, and gave higher carbon content of BAC. The findings show that lower Mw-U irradiation power provided a higher surface area of BAC. The surface area of 646.87 m2/g and total pore volume of 2.8x10-1 cm3/g was obtained with a power intensity of Mw-U activation at 100 W. While, electrochemical properties, the specific capacitance (Cs) of BAC was 77 Fg-1 at 25 mVs-1 in 1 mol/L KOH of electrolyte for cyclic voltammetry (CV) which indicates the ability of the prepared BAC to be used as an electrode in supercapacitor application. This study determined that Mw-U irradiation can improve the properties of the bamboo during chemical activation and formed BAC that consists of supercapacitor properties.
Hubungan Karakteristik Demografi dengan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku terhadap Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Pasien Rawat Jalan
Authors: Muryawan Heru , Yusnita Dian , Muyassaroh Muyassaroh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Education is one of the factors that influence a person's knowledge, thereby increasing human attitudes and behavior for the better. Public knowledge about Covid-19 is very important so that prevention of Covid-19 can be done to reduce the number of incidents. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between education level and knowledge, attitudes and behavior of patients on the prevention of Covid-19. This study is a descriptive analytic study on patients aged 18-66 years in the outpatient installation of Merpati RSUP Dr. Kariadi in June 2020 using a validated questionnaire. The number of samples determined was 186. Sampling was carried out by consecutive sampling. Data analysis with Chi Square test. Significant results if p<0.05. There were 186 respondents, the lowest was 15 years and the highest was 66 years. It was found that the level of education was not related to knowledge (p=0.397) and attitude (p=0.148). There is a relationship between education level and behavior (p=0.003). There is a relationship between knowledge and behavior towards the prevention of transmission of Covid-19 with a value of p=0.025. Behavior is related to attitudes towards preventing the transmission of Covid-19 (p<0.001).
Keywords: Covid-19 prevention, knowledge, attitude, behavior.
Abstrak

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan seseorang sehingga meningkatkan sikap dan perilaku manusia menjadi lebih baik. Pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai covid-19 merupakan hal yang sangat penting agar pencegahan Covid-19 dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kejadian.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan tingkat pendidikan denagn pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku pasien terhadap pencegahan covid-19. Penelitian ini bersifat diskriptif analitik yang dilakukan pada pasien usia 18 – 66 tahun di instalasi rawat jalan merpati RSUP Dr. Kariadi bulan juni 2020 dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah divalidasi. Jumlah sampel yang ditentukan sebanyak 186. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling. Analisis data dengan uji Chi Square. Batas kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil penelitian di dapatkan 186 responden umur terendah 15 tahun dan tertinggi 66 tahun. Didapatkan tingkat pendidikan tidak berhubungan dengan pengetahuan (p=0,397) maupun sikap(p=0,148). Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan perilaku (p=0,003). Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku terhadap pencegahan penularan Covid–19 dengan nilai p=0,025. Perilaku berhubungan dengan sikap terhadap pencegahan penularan Covid–19 (p<0,001).
Prediksi Harga Beras Di Tingkat Perdagangan Besar Indonesia Menggunakan Algoritma Backpropagation
Authors: Natasya  , Musdalifah S , Andri  
Published: December 2021

Beras merupakan salah satu bahan pokok yang paling banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia dan beras tidak hanya sebagai makanan pokok saja melainkan sebagai sumber nutrisi penting dalam struktur pangan. Pada umumnya harga beras di perdagangan besar Indonesia dari waktu ke waktu mengalami kenaikan, dan jika dilihat dari segi ekonomi, harga beras merupakan salah satu aspek penting yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian, karena jika harga beras terus naik hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi pada daya beli masyarakat dan daya produksi petani. Oleh karena itu salah satu cara untuk mengetahui perkiraan harga eceran beras adalah dengan melakukan peramalan atau prediksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan hasil prediksi harga beras menggunakan metode backpropagation pada tahu 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data harga beras di tingkat perdagangan besar Indonesia dari Januari 2010 – Desember 2020. Data tersebut digunakan untuk proses pelatihan dan proses pengujian yang masing-masing sebesar 50%. Tingkat akurasi yang diperoleh menggunakan MAPE mencapai 0.54467% untuk data trainng dan mencapai untuk data testing.
Analisis Regresi Data Panel Pada Kemiskinan Provinsi Aceh Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Wahyudi  
Published: December 2021

Kemiskinan menjadi salah satu indikator kesejahteraan pembangunan disuatu daerah. Semakin tinggi tingkat kemiskinan suatu daerah maka akan mengindikasikan bahwa kualitas pembangunan masyarakat di daerah tersebut rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan di provinsi Aceh tahun 2016-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan sumber data sekunder yang diperoleh dari badan pusat statistika (BPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang sesuai dengan data kemiskinan provinsi Aceh tahun 2016-2020 adalah model regresi data panel dengan pengaruh tetap (Fixed effect model). Faktor-faktor yang signifikan mempengaruhi kemiskinan yaitu indek pembangunan manusia, angka kesakitan, dan laju pertumbuhan penduduk dengan nilai R squared yang tinggi sebesar 97.14 % .
Kompetensi Kepribadian dan Motivasi Mengajar Berpengaruh Terhadap Kinerja Guru PAUD
Authors: Kartika Ni Komang , Ambara Didith Pramunditya 
Published: January 2022

Masih rendahnya kompetensi kepribadian dan motivasi guru PAUD dalam mengajar terlihat dari guru yang masih cenderung mengedepankan pedagogik dan akademik daripada pengembangan kompetensi kepribadian dan terlihat guru yang masih sering datang terlambat serta kurangnya minat guru dalam membuat media pembelajaran yang baru dengan rancangan pembelajaran yang lebih menarik sehingga hal ini mempengaruhi kinerja guru. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari kompetensi kepribadian dan motivasi mengajar terhadap kinerja guru PAUD. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian ex-post facto. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu 103 guru dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 82 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode non tes berupa penyebaran kusioner. Instrumen yang digunakan menggunakan jenis kuisioner tertutup. Data penelitian yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analsis statistik inferensial dengan teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kompetensi kepribadian dan motivasi mengajar terhadap kinerja guru (thitung 30,620 > tTabel 3,17). Sehingga, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kompetensi kepribadian dan motivasi mengajar terhadap kinerja guru PAUD. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai refrensi terkait dengan hubungan antara kompetensi kepribadian dan motivasi mengajar guru PAUD terhadap kinerja guru.
Pelatihan Alat Musik Gamolan Lampung untuk Forum Mulei Menganai Panaragan sebagai Peningkatan Keterampilan Kesenian Tradisional Lampung di Tiyuh Panaragan Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat
Authors: Barnawi Erizal 
Published: December 2021

Pembelajaran pokok bahasan Musik sebagai bagian dari media kerterampilan seni dan budaya di Forum Muli Menganai Panaragan Kampung Panaragan, Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat yang selama ini kurang memenuhi tingkat kreatifitas dan pengembangan seni budaya Lampung. Pelajaran biasanya sekedar diisi dengan bernyanyi klasikal dilanjutkan individual, kurang menyiratkan unsur-unsur musik yang sedemikian kaya terutama unsur irama dan unsur melodi.
Alat musik Gamolan merupakan salah satu alat musik tradisi yang sangat praktis, sangat memungkinkan para muda mudi Tiyuh Panaragan menggunakan alat musik tersebut sebagai media pembelajaran dan menguntungkan dalam upaya meningkatkan penguasaan pemuda dalam hal unsur-unsur irama dan unsur-unsur melodi tersebut. Jika para muda mudi Tiyuh Panaragan mampu memainkan Gamolan lambat laun akan mempunyai rasa puas dan rasa irama yang benar.
Kegiatan ini dibatasi pada pelatihan memainkan alat musik Gamolan dengan beberapa lagu yaitu: tabuh layang kasiwan dan tabuh alau-alau, tabuh rajo menggalo, tabuh sermendung sirlia, dan tabuh gupek dan tabuh tari dalam iringin tari Sigeh Penguten.
Metode ceramah oleh pelaksana untuk menjelaskan manfaat kemampuan bermain Gamolan, bagian-bagian Gamolan, dan cara bermain Gamolan yang baik dan benar. Serta, memperagakan secara langsung oleh pelaksana pengabdian untuk memberikan contoh memainkan Gamolan dengan tabuh layang kasiwan, tabuh Alau-alau. tabuh rajo menggalo, tabuh sermendung sirlia, dan tabuh gupek dan tari dalam iringin tari Sigeh Penguten
Pelatihan Dikte dalam Bahasa Prancis bagi Siswa Tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas Se-Lampung
Authors: Nevira trisna Indah 
Published: December 2021

Bunyi pelafalan khas yang menjadi ciri bahasa ini menjadi daya tarik bagi orang yang ingin mempelajarinya. Selain bunyi, sistem ortografi bahasa Prancis pun sedikit berbeda dari bahasa Latin. Dikte merupakan kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa untuk melatih tidak hanya kemampuan menyimak tetapi juga menulis, tata bahasa, kosakata, dan ejaan. Pelatihan ini dihadiri 15 peserta dari Sekolah Menengah Atas se-Lampung. Secara umum, pelatihan ini dapat dikatakan berhasi. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan adanya berubahan yang cukup signifikan pada nilai pre-test dan post-test. Terdapat 66% peserta mengalami perubahan yang cukup signifikan dan 33% peserta yang tidak mengalami perubahan hasil pada tes. Nilai tertinggi yaitu 48/50 dan nilai terendah adalah 0.
Quantity and Quality in Staple Food Security from Legal Prefect
Authors: Khoiriyah Siti 
Published: December 2021

Dalam menganalisa perihal ketahanan pangan merupakan hal yang terpenting karena pangan harus dipenuhi oleh manusia terkhusus masyarakat Indonesia. Pangan merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia dan menjadi isu yang rumit sehingga akan mempengaruhi aspek, politik, sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Dalam aspek politik maka haruslah pemerintah mempunyai kebijakan terhadap pangan termasuk strategi ketahanan pangan yang mana sebagai negara hukum maka pangan sebagai mestinya tercantum di perundang-undangan dan memberikan hal yang efektif dalam strategi ketahanan pangan dan untuk masyarakat indonesia itu sendiri . Disamping itu ada data-data pendukung serta fakta yang terjadi yang memengaruhi implementasi peraturan perundang-undang tersebut. Hal ini dapat menjadikan tolak ukur keefektifan peraturan perundang-undangan dengan meninjau kuantitas dan kualitas pada ketahanan pangan pokok.unsur kuantitas dipengaruhi oleh jumlah beras dan kegiatan impor secara langsung berkaitan dengan perlindungan lahan pertanian dan kemudian dari unsur kualitas dipengaruhi mutu dan standar beras itu sendir yang diawasi oleh pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah.