bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-reporting of Medication Administration Errors among Nurses in Qatar
Authors: Hassan Nesiya , Singh Rajvir , George Rinu J. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Prompt recognition and reporting of Medication Administration Errors (MAE) are paramount in ensuring patient safety in hospitals. The data on under-reporting MAE in Middle East Area is limited.
Aim: The study intended to estimate the percentage of fear factor and explore the perception of nursing professionals regarding the reason for the occurrence and underreporting of MAE.
Design: A cross-sectional design was utilized to conduct the current study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in eight hospitals working under Public health sector of Qatar between August and September 2016
Methodology: The data were collected with a purposive sample of 487 clinical nurses employed by the public health sector of Qatar who responded to a pre-designed online questionnaire.
Results: The perceived prevalence of fear factor in non-reporting MAE was 23.45%, 95% confidence interval (C.I).: 16% to 33%. The single factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model explained 65% of the variance in the fear factor of nonreporting of medication administration errors. The highest mean score in the subscale of reasons for non-reporting of MAEs includes fear (mean 0.652±1.671) and administrative responses (mean 0.304±1.466), and reporting processes (mean -0.505±1.669), whereas disagreement over hospital definition (mean -1.158±1.528) of error was the least significant reason for nonreporting of MAE by the clinical nurses.
Conclusion: The study focuses on quantifying the fear factor and underscores the Nurses' fear about the professional consequences of reporting MAE. The findings in this study not only provide evidence concerning the fear of reporting MAE but also shed light on the contributing factors and reasons for the nonreporting of MAE. Nursing leadership needs to concentrate on modifying existing strategies and policies to more comprehensible approaches to reporting errors.
Assessment and Management Pattern of Chemotherapeutic Drug Induced Adverse Effects among Cancer Patients at Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Fatmi Syed Meraj , Dhar Kavita , Sharma Jyotsna , Dutta Shaktibala 
Published: January 2022

Aim and Objective: Cancer chemotherapy drugs causes substantial toxicity and produces number of adverse effects which can significantly reduce patient's health related quality of life. The aim of this study was to perform the assessment and explore the management practice of chemotherapy induced side effects among cancer patients.
Material and Methods: Demographic characteristics of patient undergone cancer chemotherapy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of chemotherapeutic drugs were noted in patient's case report form. Assessments of ADRs were performed for Severity, Causality and Preventability of each ADR. Association between occurrence of severe ADRs and patient' characteristics were studied using chi square statistics. Frequencies of ameliorative therapy were studied in each patient.
Results: 120 patients were selected and included in the study and a total of 412 ADRs were detected after cancer chemotherapy. Majority (60%) of the participant were female. Most common cancer was found as breast cancer (23%). Commonly used chemotherapy regimens were combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel (14%). Upon severity assessment of ADR, more than one third categorized as "Severe" ADR (36.4%). Majority of the Severe ADR were alopecia and nausea & vomiting. Most of the ADRs (73%) on preventability assessment were found as Not-Preventable. There is a significant association between occurrence of severe ADRs and age, sex & chemotherapy regimen. Combination of palonosetron, dexamethasone and pantoprazole were used as ameliorative therapy (43.3%).
Conclusion: Cancer chemotherapy drugs produce numerous adverse effects. Assessment of severity of ADRs and associated triggering factor may support in management practice of side effects.
Anakinra treatment for refractory cerebral autoinflammatory responses
Authors: Jang Yoonhyuk , Lee Woo‐Jin , Lee Han Sang , Chu Kon , Lee Sang Kun , Lee Soon‐Tae 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRefractory cerebral autoinflammatory–autoimmune diseases are often associated with dysregulated innate immunity and are targeted by anakinra, an interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist. We analyzed the therapeutic effect of anakinra in refractory cerebral autoinflammatory response (CAIR) at a single institution from January 2017 to May 2021. In total, 12 patients with various etiologies were sympathetically treated with anakinra (100 mg/day subcutaneously). Four patients showed good responses, and among these patients, three patients had pathologically demonstrated CAIR. The other eight patients were nonresponsive. No patient had a serious adverse effect. Thus, anakinra may be a therapeutic option for refractory cerebral autoinflammatory diseases.
Association of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and the Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Women
Authors: Hahn Jill , Malspeis Susan , Choi May Y. , Stevens Emma , Karlson Elizabeth W. , Lu Bing , Cui Jing , Yoshida Kazuki , Kubzansky Laura , Sparks Jeffrey A. , Costenbader Karen H. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate whether a healthy lifestyle, defined by a healthy lifestyle index score (HLIS), was associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, overall and with seropositive/seronegative subtypes.MethodsWe analyzed female nurses in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, 1986–2016) and NHSII (1991–2017). Lifestyle and medical information were collected on biennial questionnaires. Medical records confirmed incident RA and serostatus. The HLIS index includes 5 modifiable components: smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, and diet. Cox regression, adjusted for confounders, modeled associations between HLIS and incident RA. The population attributable risk estimated the proportion of incident RA preventable if participants adopted ≥4 healthy lifestyle factors.ResultsA total of 1,219 incident RA cases (776 seropositive, 443 seronegative) developed in 4,467,751 person‐years. Higher (healthier) HLIS was associated with lower overall RA risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.82–0.90]), seropositive RA risk (HR 0.85 [95% CI 0.80–0.91]), and seronegative RA risk (HR 0.87 [95% 0.80–0.94]). Women with 5 healthy lifestyle factors had the lowest risk (HR 0.42 [95% CI 0.22–0.80]). The population attributable risk for adhering to ≥4 lifestyle factors was 34% for RA.ConclusionIn this prospective cohort, healthier lifestyle was associated with a lower RA risk. A substantial proportion of RA may be preventable by a healthy lifestyle.
Engineering Multifunctional Hydrogel‐Integrated 3D Printed Bioactive Prosthetic Interfaces for Osteoporotic Osseointegration
Authors: Li Zuhao , Zhao Yue , Wang Zhonghan , Ren Ming , Wang Xiangang , Liu He , Lin Quan , Wang Jincheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract3D printed porous titanium alloy implants is an advanced orthopedic material for joint replacement. However, the high risk of aseptic loosening and periprosthetic infection is difficult to avoid, and the declined autophagy of osteoporosis‐derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (OP‐BMSCs) further severely impairs the osseointegration under the osteoporotic circumstance. It is thus becoming urgently significant to develop orthopedic materials with autophagy regulation and antibacterial bioactivity. In this regard, a novel class of multifunctional hydrogel‐integrated 3D printed bioactive prosthetic interfaces is engineered for in situ osseointegration in osteoporosis. The hydrogel is fabricated from the dynamic crosslinking of synthetic polymers, natural polymers, and silver nanowires to deliver autophagy‐regulated rapamycin. Therefore, the resultant soft material exhibits antibacterial ability, biocompatibility, degradability, conductive, self‐healing, and stimuli‐responsive abilities. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the hydrogel‐integrated 3D printed bioactive prosthetic interfaces can restore the declined cellular activities of OP‐BMSCs by upregulating the autophagy level and show excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and MRSA. More remarkably, the multifunctional 3D printed bioactive prosthetic interfaces significantly improve osseointegration and inhibit infection in osteoporotic environment in vivo. This study provides an efficient strategy to develop novel prosthetic interfaces to reduce complications after arthroplasty for patients with osteoporosis.
A Fully Flexible Intelligent Thermal Touch Panel Based on Intrinsically Plastic Ag2S Semiconductor
Authors: Zhao Xue‐Feng , Yang Shi‐Qi , Wen Xiao‐Hong , Huang Qi‐Wei , Qiu Peng‐Fei , Wei Tian‐Ran , Zhang Hao , Wang Jia‐Cheng , Zhang David Wei , Shi Xun , Lu Hong‐Liang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWearable touch panels, a typical flexible electronic device, can recognize and feed back the information of finger touch and movement. Excellent wearable touch panels are required to accurately and quickly monitor the signals of finger movement as well as the capacity of bearing various types of deformation. High‐performance thermistor materials are one of the key functional components, but to date, a long‐standing bottleneck is that inorganic semiconductors are typically brittle while the electrical properties of organic semiconductors are quite low. Herein, a high‐performance flexible temperature sensor is reported by using plastic Ag2S with ultrahigh temperature coefficient of resistance of −4.7% K−1 and resolution of 0.05 K, and rapid response/recovery time of 0.11/0.11 s. Moreover, the temperature sensor shows excellent durability without performance damage or loss during force stimuli tests. In addition, a fully flexible intelligent touch panel composed of a 16 × 10 Ag2S‐film‐based temperature sensor array, as well as a flexible printed circuit board and a deep‐learning algorithm is designed for perceiving finger touch signals in real‐time, and intelligent feedback of Chinese characters and letters on an app. These results strongly show that high‐performance flexible inorganic semiconductors can be widely used in flexible electronics.
Bistability, Remanence, Read/Write‐Memory, and Logic Gate Function via a Stimuli‐Responsive Polymer
Authors: Michalska‐Walkowiak Joanna , Förster Beate , Hauschild Stephan , Förster Stephan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials change their state in response to external triggers. Switching between different states enables information to be written, stored, and read, if the transition between the states exhibits hysteresis. Thermally responsive polymers exhibit an intrinsic hysteresis for the volume phase transition between the swollen and de‐swollen solution state. Here, it is shown that this hysteresis can be used to realize bistability, remanence, and reversible write/read information storage. This is demonstrated for the simplest and most widely used thermoresponsive polymer, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), as well as for PNIPAM block copolymers, which widens the hysteresis window. The hysteresis is shown to be related to cluster domain assembly/disassembly during the phase transition. Information can be written thermally using a laser, or using heated or cooled pen tips on a thin‐film backscattering display. The bistable state can additionally be switched by pH, enabling an AND logic gate function. Furthermore, an unusual memory state is discovered, where information is visible in the hysteresis window and invisible at higher temperatures, allowing encoded information to be hidden. Since hysteresis is a very common intrinsic phenomenon for responsive materials, this principle to encode and store information is potentially applicable to a broad range of responsive materials.
Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Symbiosis Niche of 3D Scaffolds to Accelerate Bone Defect Healing
Authors: Ji Ce , Qiu Minglong , Ruan Huitong , Li Cuidi , Cheng Liang , Wang Juan , Li Changwei , Qi Jin , Cui Wenguo , Deng Lianfu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree dimension (3D) printed scaffolds have been shown to be superior in promoting tissue repair, but the cell‐level specific regulatory network activated by 3D printing scaffolds with different material components to form a symbiosis niche have not been systematically revealed. Here, three typical 3D printed scaffolds, including natural polymer hydrogel (gelatin‐methacryloyl, GelMA), synthetic polymer material (polycaprolactone, PCL), and bioceramic (β‐tricalcium phosphate, β‐TCP), are fabricated to explore the regulating effect of the symbiotic microenvironment during bone healing. Enrichment analysis show that hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration and reconstruction by improving blood vessel generation by enhancing oxygen transport and red blood cell development. The PCL scaffold regulates cell proliferation and differentiation by promoting cellular senescence, cell cycle and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication pathways, accelerating the process of endochondral ossification, and the formation of callus. The β‐TCP scaffold can specifically enhance the expression of osteoclast differentiation and extracellular space pathway genes to promote the differentiation of osteoclasts and promote the process of bone remodeling. In these processes, specific biomaterial properties can be used to guide cell behavior and regulate molecular network in the symbiotic microenvironment to reduce the barriers of regeneration and repair.
Influence of electrolyte structural evolution on battery applications: Cationic aggregation from dilute to high concentration
Authors: Hu Jiangtao , Ji Yuchen , Zheng Guorui , Huang Weiyuan , Lin Yuan , Yang Luyi , Pan Feng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the context of the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle market, the request for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has steadily increased, hence the demand for highly stable electrolytes. Over the past years, efforts have been devoted to the improvement of electrolyte materials. As a benchmarking breakthrough, the achievement of high concentration electrolyte (HCE) can be attributed to the altered cationic aggregation (i.e., cation‐solvent and cation‐anion coordination environment), which offers technical superiority over the widely applied conventional dilute electrolytes. More recently, based on the understanding of the dilute electrolyte and HCE, the concept of localized HCE (LHCE) has been proposed and extensively investigated. All these findings reveal a roadmap of electrolyte optimization for high‐performance LIBs via coordination structure regulation. Through elucidating the correlation of structure evolution therein and its critical effects on battery performance, this review aims to establish the design principle of electrolytes based on their structures other than component studies and thereby accelerate the development of high‐performance electrolytes.
Potential evolutionary body size reduction in a Malagasy primate (Propithecus verreauxi) in response to human size‐selective hunting pressure
Authors: Sullivan Alexis P. , Godfrey Laurie R. , Lawler Richard R. , Randrianatoandro Heritiana , Eccles Laurie , Culleton Brendan , Ryan Timothy M. , Perry George H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Holocene arrival of humans on Madagascar precipitated major changes to the island's biodiversity. The now‐extinct, endemic “subfossil” megafauna of Madagascar were likely hunted by early human inhabitants. Perhaps in part due to preferential hunting of larger prey, no surviving endemic species on Madagascar is >10 kg. Moreover, some subfossil bones of extant lemurs are considerably larger than those of the modern members of their species, but subfossil versus modern locale differences for the comparisons conducted to date lead to uncertainty about whether these size differences reflect in situ change or pre‐existing ecogeographic variation. Here, we revisited this question with samples from nearby locales.Materials and MethodsWe used high‐resolution 3D scan data to conduct comparative morphological analyses of subfossil and modern skeletal remains of one of the larger extant lemurs, Verreaux's sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi) from subfossil and modern sites only ~10 km apart: Taolambiby (bones dated to 725–560—1075–955 cal. years before present) and Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, respectively.ResultsThe mean aggregate score for all subfossil elements (n = 12; 0.089 ± 0.117) is significantly greater than that for the modern individuals (n = 31; 0.009 ± 0.045; t‐test; p = 0.039). We found that the average subfossil sifaka bone is ~9% larger than that of modern sifakas (permutation test p = 0.037).DiscussionWe cannot yet conclude whether this size difference reflects evolutionary change or an archaeological aggregation/taphonomic process. However, if this is a case of phyletic dwarfism in response to human size‐selective harvesting pressures then the estimated rate of change is greater than those previously calculated for other archaeological cases of this phenomenon.
An overview of recent advances in the catalytic synthesis of substituted pyrans
Authors: Agarwal Shikha , Sethiya Ayushi , Soni Jay , Sahiba Nusrat , Teli Pankaj 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSubstituted pyrans (4H‐Chromenes) are the most significant structural scaffolds in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. They are found in an array of natural products, medicines, and phytochemical compounds, bearing an explicit of pharmacological activities. The structural importance of substituted pyrans has elicited a huge upsurge in the field of synthesis and biology. Different synthetic approaches of 4H‐chromene scaffolds have been discussed systematically to emphasize their significance in the scientific world. The present article summarizes the different synthetic strategies of substituted pyran derivatives via acid‐base catalysis, ionic liquids, nanomaterials, deep eutectic solvents, bio‐based, visible light, metal catalyzed, and so forth developed in the last decade. Moreover, this article will definitely contribute to the scientific world for developing synthetically and biologically important pyran analogs.
Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of soy flour to produce ethanol and soy protein concentrate with increased polyphenols
Authors: Agrawal Ruchir M. , Miller Michael J. , Singh Vijay , Stein Hans H. , Takhar Pawan S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is a need to effectively concentrate soy protein from defatted soy flour (DSF) while simultaneously valorizing the carbohydrate‐rich byproduct, which would otherwise be a waste. This study aims to evaluate a process developed to produce soy protein concentrates (SPC) by substantially hydrolyzing carbohydrates from DSF with the help of enzymes into water‐soluble saccharides and monomeric sugars, which were simultaneously utilized by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for fermentation into ethanol. The enzyme mixture consisted of cellulase, pectinase, and ‐galactosidase blend. The effect of process time on SPC, overall protein recovery, carbohydrate hydrolysis, yeast growth, ethanol concentration, and total polyphenol concentration (TPC) of SPC and hydrolysate was evaluated. Control and enzymes‐only (EO) systems were maintained in conjunction with the enzymes + yeast (EY) system to individually assess the impact of isoelectric precipitation of soy proteins and enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrates without yeasts. After 12.25 h of EY process, 100 g of dry DSF produced 68.45 g dry SPC containing % protein and 384 ml hydrolysate containing mg/ml ethanol. Flatulence‐causing raffinose‐series‐oligosaccharides (RSOs) were completely hydrolyzed. Soluble carbohydrates in the EY treatment were consistently lower than in the control and EO treatment. TPC of SPC prepared by EY treatment increased by 2.5 times compared to the control. Thus, this novel process successfully produced a high‐protein SPC with hydrolyzed RSOs, lower insoluble carbohydrates, high TPC, and a coproduct ethanol.
Abundance and nutritional status of freshwater turtles to guide delivery of environmental flows in the Murray‐Darling Basin, south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Francis Roxane J. , Brandis Kate J. , Chessman Bruce C. , Slavich Eve , Kingsford Richard T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Almost half of Australian freshwater turtle species are formally listed as threatened, but little is known about the effects of water management and other factors on the abundance and health of freshwater turtles in arid and semi‐arid regions.
This study investigated how river flows (including the controlled release of water from an upstream storage facility, or ‘environmental flow’) and water quality might affect the abundance and nutritional status of three freshwater turtle species in three dryland rivers of the Murray–Darling basin in south‐eastern Australia.
No response in abundance or nutritional status of the broad‐shelled turtle, Chelodina expansa, the eastern long‐necked turtle, Chelodina longicollis, and the Macquarie turtle, Emydura macquarii, was detected in relation to river flows, possibly because of the small magnitude of the environmental flow. However, for C. expansa, the catch per unit effort (CPUE) was negatively related to increasing macrophyte cover, electrical conductivity (EC, an indicator of salinity), and turbidity. CPUE for C. longicollis was positively related to macrophyte cover and EC, and for E. macquarii it was positively related to macrophyte cover.
Haematological measurements suggested that the turtles had healthy nutritional status. Body condition and blood glucose and protein were related significantly to EC, whereas haematological measurements varied significantly among species and between spring and summer.
The main conclusion is that water management measures to help the conservation of these turtles should include sufficient environmental flow to produce overbank flooding, thereby creating and maintaining a wide range of habitat suitable for the differing needs of the individual species.
Conditions that do or do not disadvantage interdisciplinary research proposals in project evaluation
Authors: Seeber Marco , Vlegels Jef , Cattaneo Mattia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite interdisciplinary research playing a pivotal role in modern science, interdisciplinary research proposals appear to have a lower chance of being funded. Scholars suggested that interdisciplinary research may be disadvantaged in the evaluation and should be earmarked specific resources and evaluated by specific panels. However, empirical evidence is limited regarding the conditions under which interdisciplinary proposals are disadvantaged. We explore this issue in the context of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) research funding framework, which, contrary to the common practice, does not organize the evaluation process around disciplinary panels, but with a panel‐free system. The sample includes data from five calls, from March 2015 to September 2017, for a total of 1,928 proposals, and 5,330 evaluations conducted by 3,050 reviewers. We find that the effect of a proposal’s degree of interdisciplinarity is negligible and not significant. We found no variation in this result across scientific fields and disciplinary expertise of reviewers, and no evidence of disciplinary “turf wars.” These results suggest that factors assumed to disadvantage interdisciplinary proposals, such as being inherently more challenging to be evaluated and being riskier, are less problematic when the evaluation is not organized around disciplinary panels but rather with a panel‐free system.