bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis on heat transfer enhancement of Al2O3 nanofluid in the flattened conically coiled tubes
Authors: Solanki Anand K. , Ram B. Kasi , Siddharth V. S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEnhancement in the heat transfer of the working fluid flowing inside the tube is achieved by modification of tubes and changing the direction of fluid flow. For this purpose, the straight tube can be changed into a conical coil tube, thereby, heat transfer is increased due to the centrifugal effect caused by the curvature of the tube. Furthermore, the circular cross‐section of the tube is modified into an oblong shape for more heat transfer enhancement. In this study, the numerical heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of Al2O3–water nanofluids in the flattened conically coiled tube are studied. The effect of the aspect ratio, cone angle, coil pitch, and solid volume fraction of nanofluids on heat transfer and pressure drop are examined. It is found that the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop increase with the rise of aspect ratio, Reynolds number, and solid volume fraction of nanofluid, while it decreases with the increment of cone angles and coil pitches of conical coil tube. Furthermore, the effect of aspect ratio on the heat transfer enhancement factor, pressure drop ratio, and thermal performance index for Al2O3–water nanofluid are presented.
Special issue “The advance of solid tumor research in China”: Multi‐omics analysis based on 1311 clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples identifies a glycolysis signature associated with prognosis and treatment response
Authors: Tian Xi , Wang Yue , Xu Wenhao , Tang Haidan , Zhu Shuxuan , Anwaier Aihetaimujiang , Liu Wangrui , Wang Wenfeng , Zhu Wenkai , Su Jiaqi , Qu Yuanyuan , Zhang Hailiang , Ye Dingwei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), glycolysis is enhanced mainly because of the increased expression of key enzymes in glycolysis. Hence, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers for glycolysis may help guide and establish a precise system of diagnosis and treatment for ccRCC. Expression profiles of 1079 tumor samples of ccRCC patients (including 311 patients treated with everolimus or nivolumab) were downloaded from public databases. Proteomic profiles of 232 ccRCC samples were obtained from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC). Biological changes, tumor microenvironment and prognostic differences were explored between samples with various glycolysis characteristics. There were significant differences in CD8+effector T cells, epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and pan‐fibroblast TGFb between the Low and High glyScore groups. The tumor mutation burden of the Low glyScore group was lower than that of the High glyScore group. And higher glyScore was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) in 768 ccRCC patients (P < .0001). External validation in FUSCC cohort also indicated that glyScore was of strong ability for predicting OS (P < .05). GlyScore may serve as a biomarker for predicting everolimus response in ccRCC patients due to its significant associations with progression‐free survival (PFS). And glyScore may also predict overall survival in patients treated with nivolumab. We calculated the glyScore in ccRCC and the defined glyScore was of strong ability for predicting OS. In addition, glyScore may also serve as a biomarker for predicting PFS in patients treated with everolimus and could predict OS in patients treated with nivolumab.
The existence of partitioned balanced tournament designs
Authors: Araya Makoto , Tokihisa Naoya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractE. R. Lamken proved that there exists a partitioned balanced tournament design of side , PBTD(), for a positive integer, , except possibly for . In this article, we establish the existence of PBTD() for . As a consequence, the existence of PBTD() has now been completely determined.
A novel approach to type 3 diabetes mechanism: The interplay between noncoding RNAs and insulin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Moayedi Kiana , Orandi Shirin , Ebrahimi Reyhane , Tanhapour Maryam , Moradi Mona , Abbastabar Maryam , Golestani Abolfazl 
Published: May 2022

AbstractToday, growing evidence indicates that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Indeed, AD as one of the main causes of dementia in people aged more than 65 years can be aggravated by insulin resistance (IR) and other metabolic risk factors related to T2D which are also linked to the function of the brain. Remarkably, a new term called “type 3 diabetes” has been suggested for those people who are diagnosed with AD while also showing the symptoms of IR and T2D. In this regard, the role of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with AD has been confirmed by many studies. On the other hand, it should be noted that the insulin signaling pathway is highly regulated by various mechanisms, including epigenetic factors. Among these, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs has been comprehensively studied with respect to the pathology of AD and the most well‐known underlying mechanisms. Nevertheless, the number of studies exploring the association between ncRNAs and the downstream targets of the insulin signaling pathway in the development of AD has notably increased in recent years. With this in view, the present study aimed to review the interplay between different ncRNAs and the insulin signaling pathway targets in the pathogenesis of AD to find a new approach in the field of combining biomarkers or therapeutic targets for this disease.
Adsorption performance of red mud magnetic composite material modified by Spirit‐based distillers' grains for low‐concentration phosphorus in water
Authors: Lu Jingjing , Xie Yan , Meng Mei , Cao Yang , Feng Lunwei , Ao Xianquan , Yang Min 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch on phosphate removal has focused on high‐phosphorus wastewater, which has difficulty meeting the discharge standard through one‐step processing. Herein, the rich carbon source of spirit‐based distillers' grains was used to reduce and roast red mud (RM) to prepare magnetic adsorption material (MRM), aiming to improve the adsorption performance of RM on low‐concentration phosphorus in water and to facilitate the separation and recovery of the adsorbent.ResultsThe characterization results of MRM indicated that the high‐temperature decomposition of macromolecular minerals in RM exposed more active sites of metal ions. Compared with unmodified samples, the specific surface area and saturation magnetization of MRM increased by 3.64 and 9.21 times, respectively;this provided more active sites for phosphorus adsorption by MRM and gave the material magnetic separation ability. The results of adsorption experiments showed that MRM had a wide applicable pH range and good selectivity for phosphorus adsorption, and the phosphorus removal rate was 4.97 times that of RM. The adsorption process of phosphorus by MRM was more in line with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model and the quasi‐second‐order kinetic equation, as it was a process of spontaneous endothermic entropy increase. The phosphorus removal mechanism included chemical precipitation, coordination exchange, physical adsorption, and electrostatic attraction.ConclusionMRM has good adsorption performance for low concentrations of phosphorus in water and provides an effective method for the resource utilization of red mud and spirit‐based distillers' grains. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
HPV E6/E7mRNA association with interleukin 10 (rs1800872) polymorphism in a group of Macedonian women
Authors: Duvlis Sotirija , Dabeski Drage , Hiljadnikova‐Bajro Marija , Osmani Dugagjin , Memeti Shaban 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInterleukin 10 (IL‐10) is an immunosuppressive cytokine and its genetic variants could have an indirect impact on viral biology and human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression as well. This study evaluates the association between IL‐10‐592 C/A (rs1800872) single‐nucleotide polymorphism and HPV E6/E7 mRNA expression in a group of women from the Republic of North Macedonia. Using a commercial test, 272 women's cervical samples were analyzed for HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV DNA presence. The cases were stratified into three groups: double‐positive (n = 108, positive for both tests), negative (n = 51, negative for HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV DNA positive), and the control group (n = 113, negative for both tests). The IL‐10‐592 C/A polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. The results showed the CC genotype and the C allele frequencies of IL‐10‐592C/A were significantly higher in double‐positive (59.3% and 78.2%) compared to negative group (39.2% and 65.7%), (p = 0.018, confidence interval [CI] = 2.25; 1.14–4.45 and p = 0.016, CI = 1.88; 1.11–3.16, respectively). The CC genotype and C allele of rs1800872 polymorphism were shown to be associated with HPV E6/E7 mRNA but not with HPV DNA positivity, which implies a possible role of this polymorphism in the course of the infection only after HPV onset, and lack of association with the susceptibility to HPV.
Genomics of postvaccination SARS‐CoV‐2 infections during the Delta dominated second wave of COVID‐19 pandemic, from Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR), India
Authors: Nilgiriwala Kayzad , Kadam Pratibha , Patel Grishma , Shaikh Ambreen , Mestry Tejal , Vaswani Smriti , Sakthivel Shalini , Poojary Aruna , Gandhi Bhavesh , Rohra Seema , Udwadia Zarir , Oswal Vikas , Shah Daksha , Gomare Mangala , Sriraman Kalpana , Mistry Nerges 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study was initiated to understand the proportion of predominant variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in postvaccination infections during the Delta dominated second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) in India and to understand any mutations selected in the postvaccination infections or showing association with any patient demographics. Samples were collected (n = 166) from severe/moderate/mild COVID‐19 patients who were either vaccinated (COVISHIELD/COVAXIN—partial/fully vaccinated) or unvaccinated, from a city hospital and from home isolation patients in MMR. A total of 150 viral genomes were sequenced by Oxford Nanopore sequencing and the data of 136 viral genomes were analyzed for clade/lineage and for identifying mutations. The sequences belonged to three clades (21A, 21I, and 21J) and their lineage was identified as either Delta (B.1.617.2) or Delta+ (B.1.617.2 + K417N) or sub‐lineages of Delta variant (AY.120/AY.38/AY.99). A total of 620 mutations were identified of which 10 mutations showed an increase in trend with time (May–October 2021). Associations of six mutations (two in spike, three in orf1a, and one in nucleocapsid) were shown with milder forms of the disease and one mutation (in orf1a) with partial vaccination status. The results indicate a trend toward reduction in disease severity as the wave progressed.
Clinicopathological alteration of symptoms with serotype among dengue infected pediatric patients
Authors: Verma Priya , Banerjee Sayan , Baskey Upasana , Dutta Supradip , Bakshi Sagnik , Das Raina , Samanta Sandip , Dutta Shanta , Sadhukhan Provash C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDengue fever is a self‐limiting, acute febrile illness caused by an arbovirus. This infection may be asymptomatic or symptomatic with its potential life‐threatening form as DHF/DSS. Severe dengue cases occur typically in children due to overproduction of proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (called cytokines storm) as well as increased microvascular permeability in them. This study aimed to find circulating dengue serotype and their clinicopathological association among pediatric patients admitted to tertiary care hospitals in Kolkata, India. Overall, 210 patients were approached, among them, 170 dengue suspected children admitted to three tertiary care hospitals were included in this study. Dengue samples were screened for the presence of dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Viral RNA was extracted from NS1 seropositive serum samples and subjected to molecular serotyping by semi‐nested reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. All patients were followed up for clinical manifestations and biochemical parameters associated with dengue. Cocirculation of all four serotypes was observed and DENV2 was the major circulating strain. Physiological classification of associated clinical symptoms was done as per WHO guideline and represented as a percentage variable. A multivariate logistic regression approach was used for making a regression model including dengue‐associated clinical symptoms with dengue positivity or negativity as dependent variables. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 69% of patients and the commonest bleeding manifestation was petechia. Liver function profiles of infected patients were observed during follow‐up and represented using a box plot. A significant change in trends of dengue‐associated clinical manifestations and differential expression of liver functional profile with different phases of transition of dengue fever was observed in this study population.
Long‐term meteorological drought characterization in the São Francisco watershed, Brazil: A climatic water balance approach
Authors: Mutti Pedro R. , Dubreuil Vincent , Bezerra Bergson G. , Arvor Damien , Funatsu Beatriz M. , Santos e Silva Cláudio M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPartially located in the Brazilian Semiarid region, the São Francisco watershed (SFW) is a strategic hydrological system for power generation, agricultural development and the integration of the national territory. Droughts are recurrent in the Brazilian Semiarid, and climate change projected scenarios indicate their intensification in the SFW, which may compromise the access to its resources. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize long‐term spatial and temporal meteorological drought patterns over the SFW while accounting for its different climates. We used gridded Climate Research Unit Time Series rainfall and potential evapotranspiration (PET) data for the 1942–2019 (78 years) period to retrieve a monthly climatic water balance‐based drought index. The climatological aspects of drought incidence in the SFW were assessed through linear trend analysis, the estimation of the relative effects of precipitation and PET trends in drought occurrence, and the identification of the main interannual variability modes controlling the triggering of meteorological drought through wavelet functions. Results showed that water deficit periods are becoming more frequent and intense, affecting larger areas in the middle (tropical climate) and lower (semiarid climate) portions of the SFW. Months with water surplus in these regions are also becoming less frequent. In the upper (humid subtropical climate) SFW, evidences show that water deficit periods are becoming more frequent, with an expansion of areas affected by droughts. In this subregion, increasing PET trends played a more important role than precipitation trends in the propagation of drought. Finally, low‐frequency teleconnection mechanisms such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation were found to drive the occurrence of drought in most of the SFW, while higher frequency oscillations (such as the Atlantic Meridional Mode) play a role in the lower latitudes of the basin. In the upper SFW, results indicated that interannual variability might be driven by oscillations with stronger intraseasonal components.
An objective assessment for bone drilling: A pilot study on vertical drilling
Authors: Nigam Aman , Mohanty Ronak R. , Kellam James F. , Ambrose Catherine G. , Krishnamurthy Vinayak R. , Tai Bruce L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to propose a quantitative assessment scheme to help with surgical bone drilling training. This pilot study gathered and compared motion and force data from expert surgeons (n = 3) and novice residents (n = 6). The experiment used three‐dimensional printed bone simulants of young bone (YB) and osteoporotic bone (OB), and drilling overshoot, time, and force were measured. There was no statistically significant difference in overshoot between the two groups (p = 0.217 for YB and 0.215 for OB). The results, however, show that the experts took less time (mean = 4.01 s) than the novices (mean = 9.98 s), with a statistical difference (p = 0.003 for YB and 0.0001 for OB). In addition, the expert group performed more consistently than the novices. The force analysis further revealed that experts used a higher force to drill the first cortical section and a noticeably lower force in the second cortex to control the overshoot (approximate reduction of 5.5 N). Finally, when drilling time and overshoot distance were combined, the motion data distinguished the skill gap between expert and novice drilling; the force data provided insight into the drilling mechanism and performance outcomes. This study lays the groundwork for a data‐driven training scheme to prepare novice residents for clinical practice.
Adolescent obesity incurs adult skeletal deficits in murine induced obesity model
Authors: Ben Tahar Soha , Garnier Julien , Eller Kerry , DiMauro Nicole , Piet Judith , Mehta Shihkar , Bajpayee Ambika G. , Shefelbine Sandra J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdolescent obesity has risen dramatically in the last few decades. While adult obesity may be osteoprotective, the effects of obesity during adolescence, which is a period of massive bone accrual, are not clear. We used a murine model of induced adolescent obesity to examine the structural, mechanical, and compositional differences between obese and healthy weight bone in 16‐week‐old female C57Bl6 mice. We also examined the effects of a return to normal weight after skeletal maturity (24 weeks old). We found obese adolescent bone exhibited decreased trabecular bone volume, increased cortical diameter, increased ultimate stress, and increased brittleness (decreased plastic energy to fracture), similar to an aging phenotype. The trabecular bone deficits remained after return to normal weight after skeletal maturity. However, after returning to normal diet, there was no difference in ultimate stress nor plastic energy to fracture between groups as the normal diet group increased ultimate stress and brittleness. Interestingly, compositional changes appeared in the former high‐fat diet mice after skeletal maturity with a lower mineral to matrix ratio compared to normal diet mice. In addition there was a trend toward increased fluorescent advanced glycation endproducts in the former high‐fat diet mice compared to normal diet mice but this did not reach significance (p < 0.05) due to the large variability. The skeletal consequences of adolescent obesity may have lasting implications for the adult skeleton even after return to normal weight. Given the rates of adolescent obesity, skeletal health should be a concern.
Preparation, characterization, and bioactivity of Zingiber officinale Roscoe powder‐based Pickering emulsions
Authors: Formoso Patrizia , Tundis Rosa , Pellegrino Maria Carmela , Leporini Mariarosaria , Sicari Vincenzo , Romeo Rosa , Gervasi Luigia , Corrente Giuseppina Anna , Beneduci Amerigo , Loizzo Monica Rosa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiocompatible Pickering emulsions (PE) stabilized by tailor‐made antioxidant‐loaded particles have been known for some time now, but antioxidant‐rich natural plant particle‐based emulsions are much less well known. This study aimed to investigate the physico‐chemical properties of commercial Zingiber officinale powders obtained from biological and conventional agricultural practice and ginger powder‐based PE.RESULTSThe physico‐chemical and biological properties of Zingiber officinale powders (GDPs) obtained from conventional (GDPC1 and GDPC2) and biological agricultural (GDPBIO) practices, and the properties of derived PE (PE_GDPs) were examined. All GDPs showed weak aggregation in aqueous media and a sufficiently hydrophobic surface to stabilize oil‐in‐water (O/W) PE against coalescence for at least 1 month. Zingiber officinale powders (2% w/w) derived from biological agricultural practices (GDPBIO) demonstrated the best emulsifying properties. The Zingiber officinale powders and PE_GDPs were also characterized by their phytochemical profiles. All the investigated samples exhibited ferric reducing ability power greater than the positive control, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), with values ranging from 91.21 to 102.63 μmol L−1 Fe (II) g−1 for GDPC2 and 05PE_GDPC1 (O/W=1:1), respectively. In β‐carotene bleaching test the following trend GDPC1 > GDPBIO > GDPC2 was observed. A 05PE_GDPBIO sample with the oil volume fraction equal to 50% was stable to oxidation and exhibited a promising α‐amylase inhibitory activity.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that ginger powder should be used as a starting point to design biocompatible PEs for different applications in the functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. In fact, powder and based PE are characterized by a promising antioxidant activity, carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme and lipase inhibitory properties. Further in vivo studies are necessary to confirm these findings. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The body distribution of scabies skin lesions
Authors: Osti Millicent H. , Sokana Oliver , Lake Susanna , Whitfeld Margot J. , Boara Dickson , Nasi Titus , Dauer Sean , Marks Michael , Romani Lucia , Kaldor John M. , Steer Andrew C. , Engelman Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical diagnosis of scabies relies on the assessment of signs and symptoms and an improved understanding of the distribution of skin lesions may lead to improved diagnostic performance.ObjectivesTo investigate the detailed body distribution of scabies lesions and to explore the accuracy of simplified, focused examination approaches.MethodsWe did a prospective, cross‐sectional study in the Western Province of Solomon Islands (2019). Consenting individuals of all ages were eligible. The entire skin surface was examined, and the presence and number of typical scabies lesions were recorded at 98 topographic body sites, corresponding to 5 regions and 16 subregions. We compared the distribution at sites, regions and subregions overall, and by age and sex. We also calculated the expected sensitivity of examination of limited body areas. Choropleth maps were generated to provide detailed descriptions of the distribution of lesions.ResultsA total of 467 individuals were enrolled (median age: 9 years [range: 0–86]; female: 54.6%) of whom 269 (57.6%) participants had typical scabies lesions. The most common sites for scabies lesions were the dorsal fingers (65.7% of participants with scabies lesions), dorsal finger web spaces (62.1%) and dorsal hands (61.7%). Of those less than 2 years old with scabies, eight (30.8%) had lesions at the head and neck region compared to 10.8% of those aged 2–5. Genital lesions were more common in males than females (27.3% vs. 7%, relative risk 3.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.2–2.1). Simplified, focused examinations were estimated have very high sensitivity (hands and wrists only: 93.3%; exposed arms and legs: 99.3%) compared to whole‐body examinations.ConclusionWe report highly detailed descriptions of the body distribution of scabies lesions, including differences by age and sex. These data are valuable for training and diagnosis and support the use of simplified, focused examinations for scabies mapping.