bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The state of the Art in Modeling Ship Stability in Waves
Authors: Vassalos D. , Hamamoto H. , Kat J. , Molyneux David , Papanikolaou A. 
Published: August 2022

In 1996, the 22nd ITTC formed a Specialist Committee on Ship Stability. There were two main mandates given to this committee. Toe first was to examine the techniques for carrying out model experiments used to investigate the capsize of intact and damaged ships and provide guidelines for carrying out these experiments. Toe second was to assess the methods available for numerical simulations of the capsize of intact and damaged ships.
This paper describes the findings of the committee so far, at the end of its second year of a three year term. The committee has prepared a summary of the state of art in the areas of numerical and physical modeling of intact and damaged ships. It has also circulated a questionnaire concerning the type of numerical methods used by ITTC member organizations for predicting the capsize of intact and damaged ships. Another major objective of the committee is to 'benchmark' codes against a standard hull form, for which there are well documented experiments. The hull form chosen was a container ship tested at Osaka University.
This paper provides a brief summary of the findings of the committee in each of the four subject areas and makes recommendations for standard model test methods for intact and damage capsize predictions. It also discusses the preliminary findings from the questionnaire.
Antihyperlipidemic Studies of Methanolic Extract of Gossypium herbaceum: An In silico and In vivo Approach
Authors: Suvarchala Reddy V N. V. L. , Ganga Raju M. , Mamatha M. , Thakur Shabnam Kumari 
Published: August 2022

Aim: To evaluate anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum extract in Wistar Albino Rats.
Methods: The whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum were collected and extracted with methanol by soxhlation. It was tested in Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hyperlipidemic rat models and antioxidant hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay.
Results: Basic phytochemical tests resulted in the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phytosterols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. In rat models of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU), the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of a methanolic extract of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum was studied. MEGH (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment greatly decreased the enhanced serum lipids, restored the decreased HDL compared to disease group. Histopathological examinations showed recovery of the damaged liver cells in Propylthiouracil treated group. The extract's capacity to scavenge free radicals caused by hydrogen peroxide was also measured. Ascorbic acid served as the reference. The result demonstrates that the Gossypium herbaceum whole plant's methanolic extract has substantial antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties. Docking simulation was done to PDB protein of Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and Antoxidant and viewed in discover studio followed by Ramachandran plot.
Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Gossypium herbaceum can be used for management of hyperlipidemia and possess antioxidant activities.
Comparative Study of the Rapid Diagnostic Test and Microscopy with PCR as a Reference in Placental Malaria Diagnosis in Burkina Faso
Authors: Haffsatou Sawadogo , Adama Zida , Issiaka Soulama , Cheikna Zongo , Marcel Sawadogo Patindoilba , Thierry Guiguemde , Seni Nikiema , Salif Sombié , Chanolle Tchekounou , Samuel Sermé Sindié , Louise Anin-Atchibri Anin , Rasmata Ouedraogo-Traore , Robert Guiguemde Tinga , Aly Savadogo 
Published: August 2022

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Rapid Diagnostic Tests and microscopy in assessing the burden of placental infection using PCR as a reference technique.
Methods: This study was conducted during one year from April 2019 to March 2021 in four health districts of Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso. The study involved 531 pregnant women at delivery. Blood from placenta was collected for RDTs detection of infection by Plasmodium falciparum and microscopic identification by blood smears examination following by parasite DNA extraction for Nested PCR detection.
Results: The prevalence of the placental infection of Plasmodium falciparum identified by RDT, optical microscopy, and Nested PCR were 5.46%, 6.98% et 8.29% respectively. The estimated values of sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value of RDT were respectively 51.72%, 95.02%, 34.10% and 97.15% while those of microscopy were 100%, 98.58%, 84.10% and 99.19% respectively.
Conclusion: The results revealed a strong correlation between RDT test and microscopy.
Prevalence of Depression, Problematic Drinking and their Correlates among University Students in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Alatishe Taiwo , Oladele Olaitan , Suleiman Babatunde , Oyewole Adeoye , Ojedokun Samson , Oloyede Taiwo , Oladibu Olanike 
Published: August 2022

Aim: To determine the prevalence and correlations of depression and problematic drinking among undergraduates in a Nigerian University.
Study Design: The study design was a descriptive cross-sectional survey
Methodology: The study was conducted among 412 full-time undergraduates of LAUTECH, 18 years and above and apparently well without previous history of mental illness. Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) are instruments used for the study. Data analysis was done with the statistical package for social sciences version 21.
Results: Approximately half (49.5%) of the respondents were depressed and 20.4% of them had major depression. The prevalence of problematic alcohol use in the study population was 10.4% mostly among males. There was no significant association between depression, alcohol use and problematic alcohol use (χ2 = 1.125, df = 1, P-value = 0.289) in the study sample.
Conclusion: The increasing prevalence of depression and problematic drinking among university students is worrisome as this will not only adversely impact their academic performance but future productivity and the risk of other psychosocial and health problems.
Use of Skin Bleaching Products in West Africa
Authors: Adedoyin Adewale Mark , Arisoyin Abimbola Eunice , Popoola Hakeem , Okereke Obiamaka Pamela , Urhi Alexsandra , Babalola Funmilola , Akinade Omotola , Alugba Gabriel , Adesuyi Ayobami , David Favour , Kolajo Benedicta , Unedu Ojali Ruth , Aladejare Adeyinka , Oboasekhi Aduwa , O. Anugwom Gibson 
Published: August 2022

Background: The use of skin bleaching products is considered a common trend in dark-skinned women in West Africa, Surprisingly, only a few studies have been carried out on this subject in West Africa. The objectives of the study are to determine the prevalence, active component, complications, and mechanism of action of the key ingredients of skin bleaching products.
Methods: This review article was conducted by searching PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE using the search terms “ Use of skin bleaching products” and “West Africa” with a focus on articles from 2002 to 2022. Certain criteria were used to include or exclude articles from our study.
Results: All articles reviewed revealed a rise in the prevalence of use of skin bleaching products ranging from 25% to 58.9% in women from Sub-Saharan Africa. The most common components found include hydroquinone, corticosteroids, mercury, and caustic agents. Some complications that result from the use of these products include skin atrophy, hyperpigmentation of skin around joints, Striae atrophicae, skin infection, and secondary adrenal insufficiency.
Conclusion: The rise in the prevalence of the use of skin bleaching products in West African women has resulted in a corresponding rise in detrimental health conditions. Hence, Educating people concerning the harmful effects of the components of skin-lightening products should be employed and the government should put policies in place to reduce or legally prohibit the use of these products as the harm inarguably outweighs any perceived benefit.
SOBRE PRÁTICA E PONTO DE VISTA PRÁTICO EM MARX
Authors: Crisóstomo de Souza José 
Published: August 2022

O texto aborda as noções de prática e materialismo prático em Marx em uma relação de aproximação e distinção com as concepções do pragmatismo clássico norte-americano, a partir das Teses ad Feuerbach e da Ideologia Alemã, de Marx, e de formulações de Peirce, James e Dewey. De um lado, destaca a fecundidade da noção marxiana de prática e realidade como atividade sensível para uma interpretação renovada de noções como realidade, objetividade e conhecimento, e, de outro, chama a atenção para possíveis elementos essencialistas e transcendentalizantes no pensamento de Marx, que marcariam negativamente o conjunto de sua obra. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Materialismo prático. Pragmatismo. Atividade sensível. Realidade. Conhecimento. ON PRACTICE AND PRACTICAL STANDPOINT IN MARX José Crisóstomo de Souza Based on Marx’s Theses ad Feuerbach and German Ideology, and on views of Peirce, James and Dewey, the paper critically examines the notions of practice and practical materialism in Marx, in relation to their convergence but also difference with classical North-American pragmatism, On one side, it highlights the virtues of Marxian notion of practice and reality as sensuous activity, for a renewed understanding of notions such as reality, objectivity and knowledge, and, on the other, calls attention to possible essentialist and ‘transcendentalizing’ elements in Marx’s thought that may have marked negatively his whole mature theory. KEY-WORDS: Practical materialism. Pragmatism. Sensuous activity. Reality. Knowledge. A PROPOS DE LA PRATIQUE ET DU POINT DE VUE PRATIQUE CHEZ MARX José Crisóstomo de Souza Le texte parle des notions de pratique et de matérialisme pratique chez Marx dans une relation de rapprochement et de distinction avec les conceptions du pragmatisme classique nordaméricain à partir des thèses de Feuerbach et de l’Idéologie Allemande de Marx ainsi que des formulations de Peirce, James et Dewey. D’une part, il met en évidence la fécondité de la notion marxienne de pratique et de réalité come activité sensible pour une interprétation renouvelée de notions telles que la réalité, l’objectivité et la connaissance et, d’autre part, il attire l’attention sur de possibles éléments essentialistes et transcendantalisants dans la pensée de Marx qui marqueraient de manière négative l’ensemble de son oeuvre. MOTS-CLÉS: Matérialisme pratique. Pragmatisme. Activité sensible. Réalité. Connaissance. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
TERRITÓRIOS E TERRITORIALIDADES ESPECÍFICAS NA AMAZÔNIA: entre a “proteção” e o “protecionismo”
Authors: Berno de Almeida Alfredo Wagner 
Published: August 2022

Assiste-se, atualmente, à implementação de políticas de “reorganização de espaços e territórios”, o que não constitui um produto mecânico da expansão gradual das trocas, mas sim o efeito de uma ação de Estado deliberadamente protecionista, voltada para a reestruturação de mercados, disciplinando a comercialização da terra e dos recursos florestais e do subsolo. Este artigo demonstra como os povos e as comunidades tradicionais são pressionados pelas medidas de proteção das agencias multilaterais e pelas políticas protecionistas urdidas pelo Estado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: território, territorialidade específica, desenvolvimento sustentável, Amazônia, agroestratégia.TERRITOIRES ET TERRITORIALIALITÉS SPÉCIFIQUES EN AMAZONIE: entre “protection” et “protectionisme” Alfredo Wagner Berno de Almeida On peut voir actuellement la mise en oeuvre de politiques de “réorganisation des espaces et des territoires” qui sont le résultat non pas d’un produit mécanique d’expansion progressive des échanges, mais l’effet d’une action délibérée du protectionnisme de l’État visant la restructuration des marchés qui réglementent l’achat et la vente des terres, des ressources forestières et du sous-sol. Cet article montre comment et combien les populations et les communautés traditionnelles vivent sous pression à cause des mesures de protection des agences multilatérales et des politiques protectionnistes élaborées par l’État. MOTS-CLÉS: territoire, territorialité spécifique, développement durable, Amazonie, agrostratégies.TERRITORIES AND SPECIFIC TERRITORIALITIES IN THE AMAZON: between “protection” and “protectionism” Alfredo Wagner Berno de Almeida We are currently witnessing the implementation of “a spatial and territorial reorganization”, though not as a natural result of gradual increase in exchanges, but as the effect of the State’s deliberately protectionist action to pursue market restructuring and the disciplined commercialization of lands and forest and underground resources. This article shows how the peoples and the traditional communities are constrained by the protective measures of multilateral agencies and the protectionist policies forged by the State. KEY-WORDS: territory, territoriality, sustainable development, the Amazon region, agricultural strategy. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
Side Effects of Methotrexate and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors: Differences in Tolerability Among Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Maksabedian Hernandez Ervant J. , Shaw Yomei , Stolshek Bradley , Michaud Kaleb 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of side effects with methotrexate (MTX) and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThis retrospective analysis, conducted between January 2000 and January 2019, used data from the FORWARD databank. Adult patients enrolled in the registry with self‐reported and physician‐confirmed diagnosis of PsA or RA were included if they had completed at least one questionnaire before initiating and within 12 months following initiation of MTX or a TNFi. The primary outcome was to examine the prevalence of side effects with MTX and TNFi within the year following treatment initiation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between PsA and RA and the reporting of their side effects.ResultsOverall, 116 patients with PsA and 4247 patients with RA newly initiated MTX, and 124 patients with PsA and 4361 patients with RA newly initiated a TNFi. Patients with PsA were more likely to report MTX‐related side effects than those with RA (44.8% vs. 29.4%), whereas similar proportions of patients with PsA and RA reported TNFi‐related side effects within the first year (24.2% and 22.8%, respectively). Additionally, patients with PsA initiating MTX were more likely to report nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, depression, and tinnitus than patients with RA initiating MTX or those with PsA or RA initiating a TNFi.ConclusionPatients with PsA reported more side effects than patients with RA, and this difference was more pronounced in those receiving MTX versus TNFi.
Regulating the Two‐Stage Accumulation Mechanism of Inactive Lithium for Practical Composite Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhan Ying‐Xin , Shi Peng , Jin Cheng‐Bin , Xiao Ye , Zhou Ming‐Yue , Bi Chen‐Xi , Li Bo‐Quan , Zhang Xue‐Qiang , Huang Jia‐Qi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe rapid formation and accumulation of inactive lithium (Li) are principally responsible for the limited lifespan of high‐energy‐density Li metal batteries. The construction of composite Li metal anode with hosts emerges as a promising strategy to mitigate and accommodate inactive Li. However, the mechanism of inactive Li accumulation in composite Li metal anodes remains unknown, severely plaguing the stability of composite Li metal anodes. Herein, the two‐stage accumulation mechanism of inactive Li in composite Li metal anodes and its correlation with the stability of composite Li metal anodes are comprehensively unveiled in pouch cells by nondestructive 3D X‐ray microscopy. First, inactive Li accumulates in the interior of the host and results in a slowly increased polarization. Second, inactive Li overflows the inside of the host and induces a dramatically increased polarization chiefly responsible for the fast decay of the composite Li metal anodes. The current density and external pressure are identified as key factors to regulate the turning point between the two stages for practical composite Li metal anodes. This work provides original fundamentals for the recognition of inactive Li accumulation in composite Li metal anodes and the design of practical Li metal batteries.
The Rising of Flexible and Elastic Ceramic Fiber Materials: Fundamental Concept, Design Principle, and Toughening Mechanism
Authors: Wu Fan , Qiang Siyu , Zhang Xiaohua , Wang Fei , Yin Xia , Liu Lifang , Yu Jianyong , Liu Yi‐Tao , Ding Bin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTraditional ceramic materials are suboptimal for use in complex environments because of their brittleness and sensitivity to flaws. As such, developing flexible and elastic ceramic materials is extremely urgent in frontier domains where high‐frequency vibration or high‐intensity bending environments are inevitable. Fibrillation of ceramic materials is an effective way for the transition of brittleness to flexibility and elasticity, due to its ability to absorb and dissipate stresses through large axial deformations. Here, a comprehensive review of the newly emerging flexible and elastic ceramic fiber materials is presented, starting from an introduction to the fundamental concept, followed by an in‐depth analysis of the relationship between their microstructures and mechanical behaviors, laying emphasis on the toughening mechanism of both individual fibers and fiber assemblies. Finally, current challenges and future development are demonstrated. It is expected that this review may provide meaningful guidance for the advancement of ceramic fiber materials toward better performance and brighter prospects.
Direct Exciton Harvesting from a Bound Triplet Pair
Authors: He Guiying , Parenti Kaia R. , Campos Luis M. , Sfeir Matthew Y. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSinglet fission is commonly defined as the generation of two triplet excitons from a single absorbed photon. However, ambiguities within this definition arise due to the complexity of the various double triplet states that exist in SF chromophores and the corresponding interconversion processes. To clarify this process, singlet fission is frequently depicted as sequential two‐step conversion in which a singlet exciton decays into a bound triplet‐pair biexciton state that dissociates into two “free” triplet excitons. However, this model discounts the potential for direct harvesting from the coupled biexciton state. Here, it is demonstrated that individual triplet excitons can be extracted directly from a bound triplet pair. It is demonstrated that due to the requirement for geminate triplet–triplet annihilation in intramolecular singlet fission compounds, unique spectral and kinetic signatures can be used to quantify triplet‐pair harvesting yields. An internal quantum efficiency for triplet exciton transfer from the triplet pair of >50%, limited only by the solubility of the compounds is achieved. The harvesting process is not dependent on the net multiplicity of the triplet‐pair state, suggesting that an explicit, independent dissociation step is not a requirement for using triplet pairs to do chemical or electrical work.
Influence of Tetraphenylbenzene on the OFET Behavior of Triarylamines
Authors: Devibala Panneerselvam , Imran Predhanekar Mohamed , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S.P. , Nagarajan Samuthira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA series of new tetraphenylbenzene‐based triarylamines are successfully synthesized by employing the Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction. The molecules exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents and thermal stability up to 500 °C. Molecular geometry and charge distribution of the molecules are envisioned by density functional theory. The high‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level (‐5 eV) of compounds enables the p‐channel conductivity. The influence of tetraphenylbenzene units on charge‐delocalization of HOMO, crystalline packing, and organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) characteristics is analyzed. OFETs are fabricated under ambient conditions by solution‐processable method, and the devices displayed promising performance with charge carrier mobility µh up to 0.72 cm2 V−1 s−1, on/off ratio of 107, and lowest VT of −2 V.
Integrating chemical precipitation and membrane separation for phosphorus and ammonia recovery from anaerobic digestate
Authors: Piash KmProttoy Shariar , Anwar Rifat , Shingleton Carley , Erwin Rebecca , Lin Lian‐Shin , Sanyal Oishi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on developing and demonstrating feasibility of an integrated chemical precipitation and membrane filtration method for recovering phosphorus (P) and ammonia (NH3‐N) in two separate streams from anaerobic digestate generated from municipal wastewater. Nutrient recovery from waste streams creates alternative raw material sources of fertilizers and offers opportunities for reduced energy usage and CO2 emissions compared with their conventional production processes. Using both synthetic and real anaerobic digestates, the effects of ferrous dosage and precipitation pH on P recovery through vivianite precipitation was examined. Fe/P molar ratio 2.1 at circumneutral pH was found as an optimal condition for ~100% P recovery. The P‐free digestate was further treated with polyelectrolyte‐modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes to separate NH3‐N and the organic constituents as a means of N recovery. The surface‐modified membranes demonstrated ~2X NH3‐N/organic carbon selectivity versus commercial NF membranes. This integrated Fe‐enabled chemical precipitation and membrane‐based process demonstrates a unique approach to sustainably recover critical nutrients from wastewater.
Potential anti neuro‐inflammatory effect of BioCen‐128 in animal models of dementia
Authors: Esquivel Nashelly , García Yenela , Menéndez Roberto , García Teidy E. , Morales Ana R. , Rodríguez Claudio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundBioCen‐128 is a new active pharmaceutical ingredient composed of a specific bovine thymic fraction of a polypeptide nature. Positive results of similar thymus extracts have been shown to be effective in delaying the processes associated with aging, immunosenescence and Alzheimer's disease (AD), where the inflammation plays an important role. Because of the anti‐inflammatory potential of BioCen‐128, the aim of this study was to evaluate the granuloma model induced by a cotton wool implantation and the model induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of streptozotocin (STZ).MethodThe experiment was carried out using male OF‐1cenp mice weighing 20 ± 2 g.ResultsMice administered BioCen‐128 in via the IP route at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg of corporal weigh showed a decrease in the wet and dry weights of the granuloma, providing evidence of a systemic anti‐inflammatory effect. In the ICV model of STZ, the administration of BioCen‐128 improved cognitive function.ConclusionThese responses suggested an anti‐neuroinflammatory effect explainable by the action of thymosin β4 and thymosin alfa proteins. The results suggested that BioCen‐128 could be used in the prevention and treatment of some diseases, for example AD, where neuroinflammation is one of the biological events that take place.