bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and comorbidities of the most common atypical wounds in Northern Finland in 1996–2019: A retrospective registry study
Authors: Virkkala Jani , Polet Sara , Jokelainen Jari , Huilaja Laura , Sinikumpu Suvi‐Päivikki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsAtypical wounds comprise about 20% of all chronic wounds. Their diagnosis and treatment are challenging and require multidisciplinary cooperation. More knowledge is needed about the clinical characteristics and comorbidities of atypical wounds to enhance the treatment of these wounds.MethodsWe studied clinical characteristics and comorbidities of the atypical wounds by using the patient data retrieved from the Oulu University Hospital patient database from the year 1996 to the end of 2019 with the following International Classification of Diseases codes: L88, L95.0, L95.8, L95.9, and L98.1.ResultsIn our data, there were 135 patients with atypical wound, more commonly seen in females (N = 84, 62.2%) than in males (N = 51, 37.8%) (p < 0.05). The mean age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 57.3 years; those with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and factitious wounds were the youngest (53.1 and 53.0 years, respectively). The majority of subjects (N = 126, 93.3%) were diagnosed with comorbidity at the time of the diagnosis. The most common type of wound was PG (N = 49/135, 36.3%), followed by vasculitis and factitious wounds. The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis in PG patients was high (18.4% for both). All patients with Martorell hypertensive ischemic leg ulceration/calciphylaxis had a diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Psychiatric diseases were more common in patients with factitious wounds than in other types of wounds, whereas patients with vasculitis wounds had more commonly hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus; however, these did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionSpecific comorbidities associated with atypical wounds, such as high psychiatric comorbidity in factitious wounds. There is a female predominance in atypical wounds and patients are typically younger than patients with other types of wounds. Recognition of the typical clinical picture and comorbidities of atypical wounds may help in identifying these patients and thus also improving their treatment.
Monocyte‐derived macrophages: The supplements of hepatic macrophage in Echinococcus multilocularis infected mice
Authors: Li Bin , Qi Xinwei , Liu Yumei , Yan Yi , Shan Jiaoyu , Cai Xuanlin , Lv Jie , Zhou Xuan , Yu Tao , Ma Xiumin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlveolar echinococcosis is a potentially lethal zoonosis caused by the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis. This study is to investigate the dynamic changes of monocytes, macrophages, and related cytokines in animal models of persistent infection of E. multilocularis.MethodsAn infection model was established by intraperitoneal injection of a protoscolex suspension. The pathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining. The percentage of Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo Monocytes in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry. The distribution and expression of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, iNOS, CD163, and CD11b in the liver were detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and Arg1 in the liver was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression of INF‐γ, interleukin‐17 (IL‐17), IL‐4, and IL‐10 in peripheral blood was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsHematoxylin‐eosin(HE) staining showed that significant lesions appeared in the later stages of infection in the liver. The proportion of Ly6Chi monocytes in the peripheral blood of the experimental group mice decreased after a brief rise, Ly6Clo monocytes decreased first and then increased. The expression of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, CD11b, CD163, and iNOS in the mice liver of the experimental group was increased. The expression level of TNF‐α and Arg1 mRNA in the liver of the experimental group mice increased. The expression level of IFN‐γ, IL‐17, IL‐4, and IL‐10 increased with the duration of infection.ConclusionsMonocytes as a supplement to hepatic macrophage, monocytes and kupffer cells may both participate in Th1 and Th2 immune responses by differentiating into M1 or M2 at different stages of E. multilocularis infection.
Early‐Life Sugar Consumption Affects the Microbiome in Juvenile Mice
Authors: Alasmar Reem Moath , Varadharajan Kavitha , Shanmugakonar Muralitharan , Al‐Naemi Hamda A. 
Published: September 2022

ScopeThe composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by the dietary nutrient. Sugar has been linked with many metabolic health disorders such as heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and immune disorders. Long‐term consumption of sugar influences the landscape of gut microbiota by altering the gut microbial population called dysbiosis. This study aims to evaluate the impact of long‐term consumption of high sugar diet (HSD) on the diversity of gut microbiota.Methods and resultsCD1 mice are given high concentration of sugar for 15 weeks followed by a recovery period of 10 weeks. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction and 16S rRNA next‐generation sequencing methods employ to identify microbiome diversity. The results show that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the predominant phyla in control, cecum, and fecal samples. Firmicutes population are gradually increased in treated samples even after the recovery period, whereas Bacteroidetes abundance slightly reduces throughout the study.ConclusionThe present study shows that the impact of long period of high sugar diet consumption alters the diversity of normal gut flora which can be restored after 10 weeks of sugar withdrawal. This indicates that the intervention of healthy and nutritious diet influences gut microbes and this can be beneficial in reducing the implication of early life metabolic disorders such as obesity.
An efficient and physically consistent numerical method for the Maxwell–Stefan–Darcy model of two‐phase flow in porous media
Authors: Kou Jisheng , Chen Huangxin , Du ShiGui , Sun Shuyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNumerical modeling of two‐phase flow in porous media has extensive applications in subsurface flow and petroleum industry. A comprehensive Maxwell–Stefan–Darcy (MSD) two‐phase flow model has been developed recently, which takes into consideration the friction between two phases by a thermodynamically consistent way. In this article, we for the first time propose an efficient energy stable numerical method for the MSD model, which can preserve multiple important physical properties of the model. First, the proposed scheme can preserve the original energy dissipation law. This is achieved through a newly‐developed energy factorization approach that leads to linear semi‐implicit discrete chemical potentials. Second, the scheme preserves the famous Onsager's reciprocal principle and the local mass conservation law for both phases by introducing different upwind strategies for two phase saturations and applying the cell‐centered finite volume method to the original formulation of the model. Third, by introducing two auxiliary phase velocities, the scheme has ability to guarantee the positivity of both saturations under proper conditions. Another distinct feature of the scheme is that the resulting discrete system is totally linear, well‐posed and unbiased for each phase. Numerical results are also provided to show the excellent performance of the proposed scheme.
Using consensus methods to prioritize modifiable risk factors for development of manifestations of frailty in hospitalized older adults
Authors: Coleman Susanne , Wray Faye , Hudson Kristian , Forster Anne , Conroy Simon , Tremyl Jonathan , Shenkin Susan D. , Nixon Jane , Fader Mandy , Goodwin Victoria A. , Woods Danielle , Crossland Shelley , Holt Rachel , Mcgregor Louise , Maud Rebecca , Wyrko Zoe , Lamb Sarah E. , Teale Elizabeth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to reach consensus on modifiable risk factors for a novel system of care to address Manifestations of Frailty in hospitalized older adults.DesignConsensus study.MethodA modified nominal group technique, incorporating expert group face‐to‐face interaction, review of existing evidence and pre/post‐meeting questionnaire completion was undertaken November 2019–February 2020.ResultsSeventy‐one risk factors, within seven risk factor domains (pain, medication, fluid and nutrition intake, mobility, elimination, infection, additional patient factors) were considered. It was agreed that 44 risk factors incorporating patient, organizational and environmental risk factors were modifiable and should be included in a novel system of care.
Participants teach nurses how to facilitate forgiveness through lived experiences with media: A qualitative study
Authors: Recine Ann Gentry , Recine Louis , Aschenbrenner Ann , Helmuth Shawna , Jacobson Megan , Peoples Summer , Walther Nick 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThe first aim was to learn what books and other media the study participants would recommend for inspiring people to let go of anger towards themselves or others and have a kinder intention towards themselves or others. The second aim was to learn which media had these effects on participants, and how. The third aim was to compile lists of cited media that can be available to nurses and other healthcare professionals who want to utilize media therapy for the facilitation of forgiveness.DesignPhenomenological qualitative.MethodsThematic analysis of semi‐structured interviews with 39 participants.ResultsA total of 166 diverse media were identified as useful for helping people forgive, which were compiled into tables and categorized into cross‐culturally useful forgiveness process themes. Findings also verified and expanded a previously compiled forgiveness guidance document that summarized the findings of 11 qualitative studies revealing how people forgive.
An intervention study of a combined intervention of positioning and hand massage in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Lee Yun Kyeong , Im Mihae , Cho Haeryun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo identify the effectiveness of a combined intervention of 25° upper body elevation and hand massage in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation.DesignA quasi‐experimental study using a non‐equivalent control group pre‐test–post‐test design.MethodsA total of 46 participants were assigned to an intervention group (N = 21) and a control group (N = 25). To test the effectiveness of the combined intervention, the major variables were low back pain and discomfort, including physical, psychological and environmental factors.ResultsThe control group had low back pain, and the physical, psychological and environmental discomfort scores increased over time, whereas the experimental group showed low back pain, and the physical, psychological and environmental discomfort scores were statistically significantly decreased. The combined intervention can be applied in clinical practice not only in patients who have undergone radiofrequency catheter ablation but also in those who require an immobile position due to puncture of a femoral blood vessel.
Point‐of‐care testing allows successful simultaneous screening of sickle cell disease, HIV, and tuberculosis for households in rural Guinea‐Bissau, West Africa
Authors: Menzato Federica , Bosa Luca , Sifna Armando , Da Silva Luisa , Gasperoni Elena , Martella Maddalena , Mustik Alfa , Da Dalt Liviana , Reggiani Giulia , Munaretto Vania , Liotta Giuseppe , Riccardi Fabio , Colombatti Raffaella 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiagnosis of noncommunicable genetic diseases like sickle cell disease (SCD) and communicable diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or tuberculosis (TB) is often difficult in rural areas of Africa due to the lack of infrastructures, trained staff, or capacity to involve families living in remote areas. The availability of point‐of‐care (POC) tests for the above diseases offers the opportunity to build joint programs to tackle all conditions. We report successful simultaneous screening of SCD, HIV, and TB utilizing POC tests in 898 subjects in Fanhe, in rural Guinea‐Bissau. Adherence was 100% and all diagnosed subjects were enrolled in care programs.
Hybrid in vitro/in silico analysis of low‐affinity protein–protein interactions that regulate signal transduction by Sema6D
Authors: Tanaka Tsubasa , Ekimoto Toru , Nagatomo Meri , Neyazaki Makiko , Shimoji Erena , Yamane Tsutomu , Kanagawa Sakura , Oi Rika , Mihara Emiko , Takagi Junichi , Akashi Satoko , Ikeguchi Mitsunori , Nogi Terukazu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSemaphorins constitute a large family of secreted and membrane‐bound proteins that signal through cell‐surface receptors, plexins. Semaphorins generally use low‐affinity protein–protein interactions to bind with their specific plexin(s) and regulate distinct cellular processes such as neurogenesis, immune response, and organogenesis. Sema6D is a membrane‐bound semaphorin that interacts with class A plexins. Sema6D exhibited differential binding affinities to class A plexins in prior cell‐based assays, but the molecular mechanism underlying this selectivity is not well understood. Therefore, we performed hybrid in vitro/in silico analysis to examine the binding mode of Sema6D to class A plexins and to identify residues that give rise to the differential affinities and thus contribute to the selectivity within the same class of semaphorins. Our biophysical binding analysis indeed confirmed that Sema6D has a higher affinity for Plexin‐A1 than for other class A plexins, consistent with the binding selectivity observed in the previous cell‐based assays. Unexpectedly, our present crystallographic analysis of the Sema6D‐Plexin‐A1 complex showed that the pattern of polar interactions is not interaction‐specific because it matches the pattern in the prior structure of the Sema6A‐Plexin‐A2 complex. Thus, we performed in silico alanine scanning analysis and discovered hotspot residues that selectively stabilized the Sema6D‐Plexin‐A1 pair via Van der Waals interactions. We then validated the contribution of these hotspot residues to the variation in binding affinity with biophysical binding analysis and molecular dynamics simulations on the mutants. Ultimately, our present results suggest that shape complementarity in the binding interfaces is a determinant for binding selectivity.
Adaptive integral terminal super‐twisting with finite‐time convergence for an unmanned surface vehicle under disturbances
Authors: Gonzalez‐Garcia Alejandro , Castañeda Herman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a robust trajectory tracking controller for underactuated unmanned surface vehicles under disturbances. An adaptive integral terminal super‐twisting algorithm is designed for guidance and control, following a cascade strategy. The properties of such algorithm include practical finite‐time (PFT) convergence, robustness against bounded disturbances/uncertainties with unknown boundaries, and chattering attenuation via adaptive gains. A stability analysis is addressed to prove the PFT stability of the overall system. Moreover, the vehicle is subject to wind, waves, and water currents disturbance models to verify the robustness with numerical simulations. Furthermore, real‐time experiments under an extra payload and environmental perturbations with unknown boundaries validate the performance with a prototype. Finally, a comparison against the adaptive super‐twisting algorithm with conventional sliding surface further demonstrates the advantages of the proposed scheme.
Adaptive extreme learning machine‐based event‐triggered control for perturbed Euler–Lagrange systems
Authors: Jin Xiao‐Zheng , Gao Miao‐Miao , Che Wei‐Wei , Wang Hai 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe problem of event‐triggered finite‐time trajectory tracking control of perturbed Euler–Lagrange systems with nonlinear dynamics and disturbances is addressed in this article. Extreme learning machine (ELM) framework is employed to formulate unknown nonlinearities, and adaptive technique is adopted to adjust output weights of the ELM networks and remedy the negative impacts of disturbances, nonlinearities, and residual errors. Then to ensure the system follows the desired position trajectory within a finite‐time, an adaptive ELM‐based sliding mode control strategy is developed. Moreover, event‐triggered control technique is proposed to regulate control outputs on the basis of the developed control strategy for reducing actuator actions and saving communication resources. Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to confirm bounded trajectory tracking results and finite‐time convergence of the Euler–Lagrange system. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed adaptive ELM‐based event‐triggered sliding‐mode control strategies is substantiated by simulations in a robotic manipulator system.
Current development of cabazitaxel drug delivery systems
Authors: Sun Boyang , Lovell Jonathan F. , Zhang Yumiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe second‐generation taxane cabazitaxel has been clinically approved for the treatment of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer after docetaxel failure. Compared with the first‐generation taxanes paclitaxel and docetaxel, cabazitaxel has potent anticancer activity and is less prone to drug resistance due to its lower affinity for the P‐gp efflux pump. The relatively high hydrophobicity of cabazitaxel and the poor aqueous colloidal stability of the commercial formulation, following its preparation for injection, presents opportunities for new cabazitaxel formulations with improved features. This review provides an overview of cabazitaxel drug formulations and hydrophobic taxane drug delivery systems in general, and particularly focuses on emerging cabazitaxel delivery systems discovered in the past 5 years.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Transport phenomena in hydromagnetic convective Carreau nanoliquid flow over an elongating cylinder: A statistical approach
Authors: Neethu Thaivalappil Sugathan , Areekara Sujesh , Sabu Alappat Sunny , Mathew Alphonsa , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current work presents the convective Carreau nanoliquid flow along an elongating cylinder in the presence of magnetic field and slip constraints. Thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating effects are also considered. The modeled partial differential equations (PDEs) are solved utilizing BVP5C (MATLAB built‐in function) and appropriate similarity transformations. It is noted that the velocity and temperature are inversely proportional and directly proportional to the Hartmann number, respectively. Consequences of various parameters on Sherwood number, Nusselt number, and drag coefficient are analyzed employing tables and graphs. It is noted that the Eckert number demotes heat transfer rate. Verification of the MATLAB code is guaranteed through a reduced study with previously published papers and a good agreement is observed. The simultaneous impact of parameters on the Sherwood number is analyzed using two‐dimensional plots. The influence of parameters on heat transfer rate and drag coefficient are further scrutinized using statistical techniques like correlation and regression.
Numerical Chebyshev finite difference examination of Lorentz force effect on a dissipative flow with variable thermal conductivity and magnetic heating: Entropy generation minimization
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Idrees , Chen Zhi‐Min , Qasim Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work presents the computational analysis of entropy generation minimization in a dissipative flow of viscous fluid. The flow is produced by a non‐linearly elastic surface under the influence of the variable magnetic field. The non‐isothermal boundary condition is chosen such that all the embedding flow control parameters are free from the space variables. It is supposed that the working fluid's thermal conductivity is temperature‐dependent. The heating term corresponding to the magnetic dissipation effect is also added to the energy equation. The governing energy and momentum equations are simplified by similarity transformations and numerically solved using Chebyshev Finite Difference Scheme (ChFDS). Volumetric entropy generation in dimensionless form is also obtained via similarity transformations. The obtained solutions are also utilized for calculating entropy and Bejan numbers. It has been noticed that the production of entropy is highest at the surface of the elastic boundary. The temperature and entropy have increasing relation with the Eckert number and magnetic parameter. Further, an inverse relation is observed between the entropy generation and temperature difference parameter. The consequences of relevant parameters on the velocity, temperature, entropy and Bejan number are visually described and discussed.
Three-loop β-functions and two-loop anomalous dimensions for MSSM regularized by higher covariant derivatives in an arbitrary supersymmetric subtraction scheme
Authors: Haneychuk O. V. , Shirokova V. Yu. , Stepanyantz K. V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three-loop β-functions of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model regularized by higher covariant derivatives are obtained for an arbitrary supersymmetric subtraction scheme. For this purpose we first calculate two-loop anomalous dimensions for all MSSM chiral matter superfields defined in terms of the bare couplings. Then we use the NSVZ equations for the renormalization group functions defined in terms of the bare couplings, which are valid in all orders in the case of using the higher covariant derivative regularization. This gives the three-loop β-functions defined in terms of the bare couplings. After that, we construct the three-loop β-functions and the two-loop anomalous dimensions standardly defined in terms of the renormalized couplings for an arbitrary subtraction scheme. As a nontrivial correctness test, we verify that for a certain renormalization prescription the general results reproduce the ones obtained earlier in the $$ \overline{\mathrm{DR}} $$

DR
¯

scheme. Also this can be considered as an indepedent confirmation of the $$ \overline{\mathrm{DR}} $$

DR
¯

results.
Modelling the process of splitting wood and chipless cutting Pinus sylvestris L. wood in terms of designing the geometry of the tools and the driving force of the machine
Authors: Warguła Łukasz , Wojtkowiak Dominik , Kukla Mateusz , Talaśka Krzysztof 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe size of wood is reduced by splitting or chipless cutting whilst logging trees, limbing, or preparing wood to be a fuel, for example, or in order to improve the efficiency of wood drying processes. Low costs of wood processing are desirable in each of these processes. The article presents experimental and simulation tests run in ABAQUS software, which allow for an analysis of the geometry of cutting tools used during the splitting or chipless cutting of wood in order to determine the cutting force and driving force of the machine executing such a process. The tests involved wood ofPinus sylvestrisL. (moisture content: 8.74% ± 0.1%) in four configurations (chipless cutting transverse to the fibres (90°–90°), splitting along the fibres (0°–90°), splitting radially to the grain (90°–0°) and splitting tangentially to the grain (90°–0°)). Analysis of the force and strength of the blade proved that an effective tip angle of the knife blade falls between 30° and 45°. The presented results also suggested that splitting wood along the fibres (0°–90°) is preferable in a machine process, while splitting tangentially and radially to the wood grain (90°–0°) is preferable when splitting wood using manual tools.