bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The French Response to the Actions of the International Missionary Council and the World Council of Churches Commission on World Mission and Evangelism
Authors: Zorn Jean‐François , Sixt‐Gateuille Claire 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince 1822, French Protestantism has been engaged in world mission through the Paris Evangelical Missionary Society (SMEP). In 1971, this mission society was succeeded by two organizations – the Community of Churches in Mission (CEVAA) and the French Evangelical Department of Apostolic Action (DEFAP), created by the French Lutheran and Reformed Churches. French delegates of SMEP or DEFAP were present at the six missionary conferences organized by the International Missionary Council (IMC) and the seven held by WCC Commission on World Mission and Evangelism (CWME) since 1910. This article offers a short description of each conference and the French delegation, analyzes the communication around the conferences in the French Protestant press, and reflects on the influence these conferences had on the practice of SMEP and then DEFAP. The authors show that it was during the 1960s, the transition period between SMEP and CEVAA, that the work of IMC/CWME had the biggest impact on the way French churches conceived of and practised mission work. Prominent church leaders played a key role in passing missionary ideas between French Protestantism and the IMC/CWME. But the difficulty of fully integrating world mission issues into the mindset of French churches prevented a deeper reception of the main mission concepts developed by the missionary conferences, especially in the last decades, in which the very significance of the French mission service DEFAP has been questioned.
An ordered mesoporous hydroxyapatite: Preparation, loading, and sustained releasing to ciprofloxacin
Authors: Ma Ke , Gao Yuli , Yi Jianjun , Cui Meng , Hao Haijun , Xu Qinghong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA kind of new mesoporous hydroxyapatite (noted as mesoHA) with about 2.4 nm average porous diameter was successfully prepared by casting Ca2+ and H2PO4− ions on the inner channel surface of Si‐MCM‐41 and dissolving the Si‐MCM‐41 in alkali soluble, and the porous material was used as a pH‐responsive platform to adsorb and release ciprofloxacin molecules. A maximum mass of 0.51 mg of ciprofloxacin (noted as Cip) was loaded on 1.00 mg of the host, and the release rate of the drug was found increasing with the acidic increase of the external solution environment (based on the stability of mesoHA) that simulated basic composition to human plasma. About 88.5% of Cip was released from the platform when environmental pH value was about 4.8, which provides a new method on utilizing antibiotics drugs efficiently, for the host mesoHA is friendly to human body.
The ‘island syndrome’ is an alternative state
Authors: Terborgh John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimIn the half‐century since publication of the Theory of Island Biology, ecologists have come to recognize the importance of predation as a decisive determinant of alternate states in many ecosystems. Island species are notorious for their vulnerability to introduced predators, yet the strength of island predator regimes has not been fully incorporated into our understanding of the forces that structure island consumer communities.LocationThe Greater and Lesser Antilles.TaxonBirds andAnolislizards.MethodsField surveys of sclerophyll and rainforest sites on islands ranging in size from 3.5 km2Terre‐de‐Haut to 76,000 km2Hispaniola.ResultsEvidence gathered in the 1970s and 1980s shows that Antillean anoles live at higher densities on fewer resources, grow more slowly, reproduce later and live longer than mainland counterparts in conformity with the ‘island syndrome’. Data from this period show that Antillean bird communities display density overcompensation, community saturation, size‐structured foraging guilds, low species diversity and low species packing, all traits consistent with the island syndrome and a regime of low predation and intense competition. Mainland species and communities display none of these features.Main conclusionsI propose that the island syndrome is an alternative state that distinguishes low‐predation island communities from high‐predation mainland counterparts. It follows that strong mainland predation regimes tend to prevent island species from colonizing. Conversely, invasion‐resistant, size‐structured island communities, despite low species diversity, prevent mainland species from colonizing islands. These predictions are experimentally testable withAnolislizards and, if confirmed, could set island biogeography on a new course.
Inferring temperature adaptation from thermal performance curves of somatic growth rate: The importance of growth measurements and mortality
Authors: Einum Sigurd , Bartuseviciute Vitalija , Fossen Erlend I. F. , Pelabon Christophe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen comparing somatic growth thermal performance curves (TPCs), higher somatic growth across experimental temperatures is often observed for populations originating from colder environments. Such countergradient variation has been suggested to represent adaptation to seasonality, or shorter favourable seasons in colder climates. Alternatively, populations from cold climates may outgrow those from warmer climates at low temperature, and vice versa at high temperature, representing adaptation to temperature. Using modelling, we show that distinguishing between these two types of adaptation based on TPCs requires knowledge about (i) the relationship between somatic growth rate and population growth rate, which in turn depends on the scale of somatic growth (absolute or proportional), and (ii) the relationship between somatic growth rate and mortality rate in the wild. We illustrate this by quantifying somatic growth rate TPCs for three populations of Daphnia magna where population growth scales linearly with proportional somatic growth. For absolute somatic growth, the northern population outperformed the two more southern populations across temperatures, and more so at higher temperatures, consistent with adaptation to seasonality. In contrast, for the proportional somatic growth TPCs, and hence population growth rate, TPCs tended to converge towards the highest temperatures. Thus, if the northern population pays an ecological mortality cost of rapid growth in the wild, this may create crossing population growth TPCs consistent with adaptation to temperature. Future studies within this field should be more explicit in how they extrapolate from somatic growth in the lab to fitness in the wild.
Discrimination of thermodynamic and kinetic contributions to the heavy rare earth element patterns in metamorphic garnet
Authors: Konrad‐Schmolke Matthias , Halama Ralf , Chew David , Heuzé Céline , De Hoog Jan , Ditterova Hana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVariations of rare earth element (REE) concentrations in metamorphic garnet are an important source of information of geodynamic and geochemical processes in the deeper Earth. In order to extract this information, the thermodynamic equilibrium and kinetic contributions of the REE uptake in garnet must be distinguished and quantified. Utilizing high‐resolution trace element and μ‐Raman mapping together with combined thermodynamic–geochemical–diffusion models, we demonstrate that the equilibrium and kinetic aspects of the REE uptake in metamorphic garnet can be discriminated by interpreting 2D trace element mapping in a single sample. The heavy (H) REE (Tb to Lu) zoning in the investigated garnet from a high‐pressure blueschist comprises an inner part with an overall decrease from core to inner rim, followed by a concentric zone of HREE enrichment and a drastic HREE decrease towards the outermost rim. The central peak in the garnet core decreases in intensity with decreasing atomic number of the REE. The broad overall shape of this pattern resembles those often observed in metamorphic garnet from different rock types and tectonic settings. Superimposed on this trend is a concentric pattern of minor recurring fluctuations in the HREE concentrations with at least six regularly spaced sets of peaks and troughs along the entire garnet radius. Comparison of the observed inclusion suite, the trace element maps and thermodynamic–geochemical models show that the inner part with decreasing HREE concentrations results from fractional garnet growth in an unchanged mineral assemblage, whereas the REE enrichment zone is caused by the breakdown of titanite. We suggest that the width of the central peak is controlled by the bulk permeability of the interconnected transport matrix and the fraction of matrix minerals that the garnet equilibrates with. The superimposed REE fluctuations result from changing element transport properties of the host rock and mark recurring changes from equilibrium REE uptake to transport‐limited REE uptake in garnet. Such fluctuating element transport properties can be best explained by pulse‐like fluid fluxes that rhythmically change the interconnectivity of the intercrystalline transport matrix. Increasing numbers of published spatially highly resolved REE analyses show that such trace element fluctuations are common in metamorphic garnet indicating that recurring changes in rock permeabilities due to pulsed fluid fluxes are a common phenomenon during metamorphism.
Percentage of change and increment of the glucose level after a normal oral tolerance curve between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy
Authors: Zavalza‐Gómez Ana B. , Pérez‐Hernández Sandra C. , Arrazola‐Fregozo Aldo G. , Espinel‐Bermúdez María C. , Grover‐Páez Fernando , González Sara Pascoe , Ramos‐Zavala Maria G. , Cardona‐Muñoz Ernesto G. , Cardona‐Müller David , Hernández‐González Sandra O. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the percentage of change and increment in glucose levels after a normal oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.MethodsWe studied 3510 pregnant women who attended their obstetric delivery at a tertiary care hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico in 2018, according to characteristics and risk 1647 (47%) patients were screened for diabetes diagnosis using the oral glucose tolerance test, 501 patients reported normal values between their 24th and 28th week of pregnancy, only 400 patients had their fasting glucose level measured on the same day of their obstetric delivery, to be compared.ResultsAverage age was 30 years, with an average of 25.3 weeks of pregnancy. The fasting serum glucose levels taken after 28 weeks of pregnancy and before the obstetrical delivery showed an increase of 1.1 mmol/L in women who develop gestational diabetes mellitus, in contrast to women who did not develop gestational diabetes mellitus after 28 weeks their blood glucose only increased on average 0.4 mmol/L. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the study population during 2018 was 32.7%. Patients who developed gestational diabetes mellitus after a normal oral glucose tolerance test had greater body mass index before the pregnancy and newborns had a higher weight than babies born to mothers without gestational diabetes mellitus.ConclusionChanges in glucose levels after the oral tolerance test of normal glucose require strict monitoring, in that it was demonstrated that 3% of patients developed gestational diabetes mellitus after week 28 of gestation.
The effect of occlusal disharmony on a chronic stress‐induced animal model of gut microbiota dysbiosis
Authors: Wu Ling , Zhang Sihui , Zhang Mi , Wang Xudong , Li Shuxian , Rausch‐Fan Xiaohui , Chen Jiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChronic stress (CS) is closely related to intestinal health. Occlusal disharmony (OD) is a risk factor for hypersensitivity to novel stress, and the relationship between OD and the intestinal system with or without other chronic stresses remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether OD affects the gut microbiota and the intestinal barrier in a CS‐exposed animal model.MethodsOD was induced by making a 0.5‐mm‐thick incision on the right maxillary molar. CS involved exposure to one stressor per day for 35 days. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into an untreated control group and OD‐, CS‐ and OD + CS‐treated groups. The behavioural tests, serum corticosterone level, gut microbiota composition and tight junction protein expression in colon tissue were measured on the 56th day to elucidate the effect of OD on animals under CS.ResultsSignificant differences in performance on behavioural tests and serum corticosterone concentrations were observed on day 56 in the OD + CS group compared with the control group. Exposure to occlusal disharmony or chronic stress resulted in a change in the composition of the gut microbiota of rats. Differences in the expression of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens‐1 and junctional adhesion molecule‐A were observed in colon tissue from the OD + CS group compared with the control group.ConclusionsWe concluded that the significant changes in performance on behavioural tests, serum corticosterone concentrations and microbiota dysbiosis and tight junction protein levels induced by OD with CS may indicate that OD is a potential factor promoting gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Spice talk: An Orientalist register in Nigella Lawson's cooking shows
Authors: MacKenzie Jordan Andrew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study argues that spice talk, a register that indexes spices as exotic, is one linguistic instantiation of the discourse of Orientalism. I identify the presence of this register from the advent of the Spice Trade to the present, then provide a case study of its use in cooking show programs by British celebrity chef Nigella Lawson, whose Orientalist description of the spices and foods she prepares is a means of indexing physical commodities from the East as ‘‘Oriental’’ and naturalizing the link between spices and the exotic, as well as upholding power imbalances. I maintain that spice talk comprises five thematic features: poetics, sensuality, tourism, otherness, and coloniality. I argue throughout for a situated understanding of spice talk, asserting that contemporary practices of consumption and patterns of taste cannot be divorced from the broader social order or the weight of history.
Development and validation of a health and nutrition module for the project‐level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro‐WEAI+HN)
Authors: Heckert Jessica , Martinez Elena M. , Seymour Greg , Pereira Audrey , Roy Shalini , Kim Sunny S. , Malapit Hazel ,   Gender Assets and Agriculture Project Phase 2 (GAAP2) Health and Nutrition Study Team
Published: December 2022

AbstractAgricultural development projects increasingly aim to improve health and nutrition outcomes, often by engaging women. Although evidence shows such projects can improve women's and children's health and nutrition and empower women, little is known about their impacts on women's health‐ and nutrition‐related agency and the extent to which impacts emerge through women's empowerment, largely due to a lack of instruments that measure the dimensions of women's agency that are directly relevant to health and nutrition outcomes. We developed an optional, complementary module for the project‐level women's empowerment in agriculture index (pro‐WEAI) to measure health‐ and nutrition‐related agency (pro‐WEAI + HN). Our method for developing related indicators used data collected from six agricultural development programmes implemented across Bangladesh, Burkina Faso and Mali (pooled sample = 12,114) and applied psychometric analysis (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and the Alkire−Foster methodology. Results revealed seven indicators covering women's agency in the areas of her own health and diet; her health and diet during pregnancy; her child's diet; breastfeeding and weaning; purchasing food and health products; and acquiring food and health products. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis revealed measurement invariance across contexts and samples. Tests of association (Cramer's V) and redundancy suggest that the pro‐WEAI + HN indicators measured aspects of agency that are distinct from the core pro‐WEAI. The uptake of these indicators in studies of nutrition‐sensitive agricultural development projects may strengthen the evidence on how such programming can enhance women's empowerment to improve health and nutrition outcomes for themselves and their children.
Health advocacy among medical learners: Unpacking contextual barriers and affordances
Authors: Kahlke Renate , Scott Ian , van der Goes Theresa , Hubinette Maria M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionLearners and physicians are expected to practice as health advocates in Canadian contexts, but they rarely feel competent to practice this critical role when they complete their training. This is in part because advocacy is seen as “going above and beyond” routine practice and pushing the boundaries of systems that are resistant to change. Medical learning contexts are rife with barriers to learning about and practicing advocacy, and there is now a need to understand how contexts impact advocacy.MethodsUsing constructivist grounded theory study, we generated data through individual and group interviews with medical learners to explore the barriers and facilitators to advocacy in a variety of learning/practice contexts. We used purposeful and theoretical sampling to ensure that diverse learning contexts and learners who had different views on advocacy were represented. We constructed a theoretical model to understand advocacy decision‐making through cycles of initial, focused and theoretical coding, using constant comparative analysis.ResultsLearners' thinking about health advocacy was framed by their own unique knowledge and beliefs, as well as their institutional and organisational contexts. With these influences in mind, learners made decisions about when to advocate within a local decision‐making context, guided by affordances and barriers to advocacy involved in their perceptions of the patient, their own social position, resources available and social norms.ConclusionsThis framework highlights critical aspects of context that influence learners' ability to learn about and practice as health advocates. If we are to adequately prepare learners for this important work, we must address aspects of their learning and practice contexts that make this work daunting, and we offer learners the tools required to intervene in contexts that do not support their efforts.
Impairment of endothelial progenitor cells in women after kidney transplantation
Authors: Meyer Nadia , Richter Katja , Brodowski Lars , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Melk Anette , Schmidt Bernhard , Limbourg Florian P. , Schröder‐Heurich Bianca , von Versen‐Höynck Frauke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe long‐term survival of kidney transplant patients has substantially improved. However, there is a higher risk for cardiovascular events after transplantation, partly due to immunosuppression. A diminished number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which play an important role in angiogenesis and the repair of endothelial damage, are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether kidney transplantation affects EPCs in women.MethodsTwenty‐four healthy women and 22 female kidney transplant recipients were recruited. The ratio of angiogenic and non‐angiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) was determined by multicolor flow cytometry and related to clinical parameters. Cord blood‐derived endothelial colony‐forming cells (ECFCs), a proliferative subgroup of endothelial progenitor cells, were treated with pooled sera from transplant patients or healthy controls and tested for their functional integrity using in vitro models.ResultsKidney transplant recipients displayed a reduced ratio of angiogenic and non‐angiogenic CPCs compared to healthy controls. Differences were especially pronounced in premenopausal women. Exposure to sera of transplanted women led to a significant impairment of ECFC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis ability.ConclusionsAlterations of EPC populations may contribute to the higher cardiovascular risks after organ transplantation and should be considered in therapeutic strategies.
Nurses' perceptions of point of care testing in critical care: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Bench Suzanne , Lennox Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundNurses working in critical care (intensive or high dependency care units) perform a multitude of tasks including point‐of‐care testing (POCT), where diagnostic tests are performed at or near a patient's bedside. POCT can speed up clinical decision‐making, but errors can occur at any point in the pre‐analytical phase.AimTo investigate nurses' perceptions of current POCT practice in critical care pre and post the COVID‐19 pandemic.Study DesignAn online cross‐sectional survey of critical care nurses undertaken 2019–2021. Nurses across Europe were invited to participate during a conference and via communication from professional organizations.ResultsA total of 158 critical care nurses responded to the survey. All respondents who stated their location reported being residents of the UK. Alongside challenges related to training and competence, frequency of sampling and sampling volumes were key concerns, seen to be associated with increased blood wastage and nursing workload, potentially increasing the potential for error, and leading to poorer patient and staff outcomes.ConclusionsResults from this study highlight the impact of POCT on nurses' workload, patient care provision and staff wellbeing.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAlongside exploring feasible and effective training models, innovative roles, which provide technical support, including undertaking POCT could enable nurses more time to provide care to patients and families. Any future changes in workforce allocation must, however, be fully evaluated from the perspective of both patient and staff outcomes.
Differential chromatin binding preference is the result of the neo‐functionalization of the TB1 clade of TCP transcription factors in grasses
Authors: Mansilla Natanael , Fonouni‐Farde Camille , Ariel Federico , Lucero Leandro 
Published: December 2022

Summary

The understanding of neo‐functionalization of plant transcription factors (TFs) after gene duplication has been extensively focused on changes in protein–protein interactions, the expression pattern of TFs, or the variation of cis‐elements bound by TFs. Yet, the main molecular role of a TF, that is, its specific chromatin binding for the direct regulation of target gene expression, continues to be mostly overlooked.

Here, we studied the TB1 clade of the TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (TCP) TF family within the grasses (Poaceae).

We identified an Asp/Gly amino acid replacement within the TCP domain, originated within a paralog TIG1 clade exclusive for grasses. The heterologous expression of Zea mays TB1 and its two paralogs BAD1 and TIG1 in Arabidopsis mutant plants lacking the TB1 ortholog BRC1 revealed distinct functions in plant development. Notably, the Gly acquired in the TIG1 clade does not impair TF homodimerization and heterodimerization, while it modulates chromatin binding preferences. We found that in vivo TF recognition of target promoters depends on this Asp/Gly mutation and directly impacts downstream gene expression and subsequent plant development.

These results provided new insights into how natural selection fine‐tunes gene expression regulation after duplication of TFs to define plant architecture.