bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mehrwertsteuer für Lebensmittel auf null senken
Authors: Scholle Lukas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe economic consequences of the war in Ukraine are taking a toll on goods prices in Germany and elsewhere. Prices on energy inputs to production, heating and mobility have risen sharply as well as food prices. As a possible policy response to these rising prices, the reduction of the VAT to zero on basic food is being discussed. In the debate many counter-arguments like the pass-through rate, the distributional effects and the financing have come up. In this paper, I argue that these points of critique hardly stand up to closer scrutiny. Both theoretical and practical arguments suggest that reducing the VAT to zero is an appropriate measure to mitigate inflation and provide relief.
Fractal dimension of the aortic annulus: a novel predictor of paravalvular leak after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Stachel Georg , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed , de Waha-Thiele Suzanne , Desch Steffen , Feistritzer Hans-Josef , Kitamura Mitsunobu , Farhan Serdar , Eitel Ingo , Kurz Thomas , Thiele Holger 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the prognostic relevance of aortic annulus (AA) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) Fractal dimension (FD). FD is a mathematical concept that describes geometric complexity of a structure and has been shown to predict adverse outcomes in several contexts. Computed tomography (CT) scans from the SOLVE-TAVI trial, which, in a 2 × 2 factorial design, randomized 447 patients to TAVI with the balloon-expandable Edwards Sapien 3 or the self-expanding Medtronic Evolut R, and conscious sedation or general anesthesia, were analyzed semi-automatically with a custom-built software to determine border of AA and LVOT. FD was measured by box counting using grid calibers between 0.8 and 6.75 mm and was compared between patients with none/trivial and mild/moderate paravalvular regurgitation (PVR). Overall, 122 patients had CT scans sufficient for semi-automatic PVR in 30-day echocardiography. PVR was none in 65(53.3%) patients, trace in 9(7.4%), mild in 46(37.7%), moderate in 2(1.6%) and severe in 0 patients. FD determined in diastolic images was significantly higher in patients with mild/moderate PVR (1.0558 ± 0.0289 vs. 1.0401 ± 0.0284, p = 0.017). Annulus eccentricity was the only conventional measure of AA and LVOT geometry significantly correlated to FD (R = 0.337, p < 0.01). Area under the curve (AUC) of diastolic annular FD for prediction of mild/moderate PVR in ROC analysis was 0.661 (0.542–0.779, p = 0.014). FD shows promise in prediction of PVR after TAVI. Further evaluation using larger patient numbers and refined algorithms to better understand its predictive performance is warranted.Trial Registration:www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02737150, date of registration: 13.04.2016.
The Clinically Modified Buddhist Psychological Model for Social Work Practice and Self-care
Authors: Maddock Alan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is clear from the international social work literature that social workers experience high levels of stress and burnout due to the cognitive, emotional and physical demands of the profession. There are however no integrative theories, developed by social workers, on how this stress, burnout and its impact on the emotional and psychological well-being of social workers can be ameliorated and then improved. This article makes an original contribution to this literature by proposing the use of the clinically modified Buddhist psychological model, as a beneficial lens for understanding how to improve reflective practice in social work along with the feelings of stress, burnout, anxiety, low mood and well-being deficits that can result from social work practice. This paper will outline the rationale for the development of the clinically modified Buddhist psychological model, before outlining the theory itself and how it might support stress coping processes and reflective social work practice. This paper has significance for all social workers, social work students and social work educators, as it provides a theory which could help to inform improved reflective social work practice and self-care.
Designing learning technology collaboratively: Analysis of a chatbot co-design
Authors: Durall Gazulla Eva , Martins Ludmila , Fernández-Ferrer Maite 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCollaborative design approaches have been increasingly adopted in the design of learning technologies since they contribute to develop pedagogically inclusive and appropriate learning designs. Despite the positive reception of collaborative design strategies in technology-enhanced learning, little attention has been dedicated to analyzing the challenges faced in design processes using a collaborative approach. In this paper, we disclose the collaborative design of a chatbot for self-regulated learning in higher education using an action research approach. We analyze the design process of EDUguia chatbot, which includes diverse evidence from questionnaires and workshops with students and lecturers, as well as intermediary design objects. Based on the qualitative analysis, we identify several challenges that are transversal to the co-design work, as well as specific to the design phases. We critically reflect on the strategies deployed to overcome these challenges and how they relate to decision-making processes, highlighting the need to make stakeholders’ tacit knowledge explicit, cultivate trust-building and support democratic decision-making in technology design processes. We believe that the recommendations we present in this paper contribute to developing best practices in the collaborative design of chatbots for the self-regulation of learning, as well as learning technology in general.
Social media in the learning ecologies of communications students: Identifying profiles from students’ perspective
Authors: Bruguera Carles , Guitert Montse , Romeu Teresa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Social media can be a support during the initial training of communication professionals, although most studies on social media and learning have mainly focused on other professional groups. The purpose of this article is to explore how communication students learn and their use of social media platforms, in order to identify the role of social media in supporting communication students’ learning. Data was collected using a questionnaire sent to communication students of the UOC and analyzed using a clustering technique, to identify student profiles based on how they organize their learning and their use of social media platforms. Our results suggest that there are 5 main student profiles: (i) students that learn through many contexts with strong support of Wikipedia, Blogs and YouTube; (ii) students with preference for academically guided learning resources; (iii) students with preference for informal and digital learning contexts, supported by social networks; (iv) students with preference for physical and formal contexts with a slight support of interactive social media platforms and (v) students detached academically with low use of learning resources and occasional use of social media platforms. Findings show that in the formative stage, there is a different degree of utility of social media among communication students, with a division between platforms that we could designate as more static and sources of information (Wikipedia, blogs or YouTube) and more interactive and dynamic (Twitter, Facebook or LinkedIn). The findings of this article can help to inform and make communication studies more flexible, collaborative and personalized oriented. In follow up studies, it would be interesting to delve further into how COVID-19 has affected the role of social media platforms.
Mapping research gaps for sustainable forest management based on the nominal group technique
Authors: Hugé Jean , Satyanarayana Behara , Mukherjee Nibedita , Otero Viviana , Velde Katherine Vande , Dahdouh-Guebas Farid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManaging a complex social-ecological system requires data about the many social and ecological variables characterizing it and about their interactions. While the selection of research topics has its own, mostly unpredictable dynamics and contingencies, there has been a recent surge of interest regarding the involvement of non-academic stakeholders in suggesting research topics and identifying perceived knowledge gaps regarding the management of complex social-ecological systems. Decision-makers will invariably be confronted with limitations regarding resources to be allocated to the study of various systems components, and regarding the processing capacity of scientists and other stakeholders alike. Matang forest is one of the longest-managed mangroves in the world and provides a widely cited example of silvicultural management for charcoal and pole production, while providing a range of other ecosystem services. We applied the nominal group technique (NGT) to identify research priorities for Matang, as it provides a systematic and participatory approach to identify collective priorities while also reducing bias. The method consists of two rounds, during which participants were asked to reflect first individually, and then collectively, about key characteristics of mangrove management and about research priorities in Matang. The results were compared to the recommendations of the scientific literature. NGT provides a rapid, robust and systematic approach to identify research priorities for mangrove management and can hence be a timely method to support decision-makers across South-East Asia in guiding resource allocation toward research needs in times of increasing mangrove degradation. This is the first time that the application of NGT has been documented in a mangrove context. Moreover, NGT is not yet being used frequently in natural resources management, hence in documenting our NGT application, we aim to contribute to the development of a the NGT body of knowledge beyond mere mangrove forest settings. Rapid methods (such as NGT) to identify pressing research priorities are needed to guide resource allocation and investment of time and scientific capacity based on a systematic and pluralistic assessment.
Perceptual Relations in Digital Environments
Authors: Ferro Floriana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to develop the concept of perceptual relation and to apply it to digital environments. First, the meaning of perceptual relation is phenomenologically analyzed and defined as the interaction between the whole and its parts, which is theorized by the founders of Gestalt psychology. However, this relation is not considered as an intrinsic, but as an extended one, implying also the relation with the surrounding world (Umwelt). Subsequently, this concept of extended relation is applied to a chosen object (a ball) as it is perceived in four different kinds of digital dimensions (on-screen, virtual, augmented, and hybrid). Through a phenomenological analysis, I argue that, whereas the whole-part configuration remains the same, some modes of appearance of the object (multisensoriality, figure-ground interaction, affordances, and persistence) are different. In order to define this dynamic, I have coined the concept of transdimensional analogy.
Community Health Agents Advancing Women’s Empowerment: A Qualitative Data Analysis
Authors: Allen Elizabeth M. , Frisancho Ariel , Llanten Claudia , Knep Maren E. , Van Skiba Michael J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCommunity health agents (CHAs) play a critical role in primary healthcare delivery and health promotion in low-resource settings. Though there is substantial evidence of the benefits of CHAs in achieving targeted community health outcomes, there is limited research into the impact of empowerment experienced by CHAs themselves. This study examined how working as a CHA impacts the lives and self-perceptions of women in Peru volunteering with Catholic Medical Mission Board’s (CMMB) markedly successful robust CHA model. We conducted six focus group discussions (FGDs) of 53 CHAs who implement CMMB programming in Trujillo and Huancayo, Peru. The FGDs were designed to explore themes related to empowerment, changes in women’s lives, and perceptions of themselves. We identified four major themes related to women’s empowerment: achievements, agency, meaningfulness, and resources. The most common empowerment theme was achievements, expressed through subthemes of changes in family behavior, self worth, education, health and nutrition, and rights and politics. The second most common empowerment theme was agency, with subthemes related to increases in using their voice, confidence, decision making, and participation. CHAs also reported experiencing empowerment through enhanced meaningfulness. CMMB’s CHA model is an example of how well-structured community programs can facilitate women’s empowerment. Providing meaningful community leadership opportunities can have far-reaching effects on women’s perceptions of themselves as valuable, capable, and empowered leaders. This work deepens our understanding of how to practically improve community health through empowering women to catalyze gender equality in communities with disproportionate barriers and limited opportunities burdening them.
Beneficial Effects of Spiritual Experiences and Existential Aspects of Life Satisfaction of Breast and Lung Cancer Patients in Poland: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wnuk Marcin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpiritual and existential issues are important factors for oncology patients' well-being. This study aimed to examine the beneficial role of spiritual experience, hope, and meaning in life for life satisfaction in patients diagnosed with breast and lung cancer. It was hypothesized that spiritual experiences and life satisfaction are indirectly related through hope, as well as meaning in life mediates the relationship between hope and life satisfaction. It was a pilot study with a sample consisting of 4 men and 46 women, 24–83 years of age oncology patients. The following measures were used: Cantril Ladder, Purpose in Life Test, Herth Hope Index as well as Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale. A sample of Polish patients with breast and lung cancer confirmed the beneficial effects of spiritual experiences and existential aspects of life for their life satisfaction. According to obtained results, hope was indirectly related to life satisfaction through meaning in life. Also, spiritual experiences were positively indirectly related to life satisfaction through the pathway of hope and meaning in life. Theoretical and practical implications of the achieved results were discussed.
Narrative information on secondhand products in e-commerce
Authors: Xu Jian , Li Zhe , Wang Xuequn , Xia Chunyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOur study aims to examine how narrative information influences consumers’ perceived persuasiveness of secondhand product information. We conducted three experiments. The results show that narrative information leads to higher perceived persuasiveness when secondhand products are for self-use and lower perceived persuasiveness when secondhand products are not for self-use (studies 1, 2, and 3). Furthermore, its effect is mediated by reactance (studies 1 and 3). Our study contributes to the literature by clarifying the effect of narrative information on online secondhand shopping. For sellers, our study highlights how information dealing with usage-based attributes should be presented. For consumers, our study emphasizes important aspects of information to pay attention to.
Multi-Kernel Fusion for RBF Neural Networks
Authors: Atif Syed Muhammad , Khan Shujaat , Naseem Imran , Togneri Roberto , Bennamoun Mohammed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA simple yet effective architectural design of radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN) makes them amongst the most popular conventional neural networks. The current generation of radial basis function neural network is equipped with multiple kernels which provide significant performance benefits compared to the previous generation using only a single kernel. In existing multi-kernel RBF algorithms, multi-kernel is formed by the convex combination of the base/primary kernels. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-kernel RBFNN in which every base kernel has its own (local) weight. This novel flexibility in the network provides better performance such as faster convergence rate, better local minima and resilience against stucking in poor local minima. These performance gains are achieved at a competitive computational complexity compared to the contemporary multi-kernel RBF algorithms. The proposed algorithm is thoroughly analysed for performance gain using mathematical and graphical illustrations and also evaluated on three different types of problems namely: (i) pattern classification, (ii) system identification and (iii) function approximation. Empirical results clearly show the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared to the existing state-of-the-art multi-kernel approaches.
Why Conscience Matters: A Theory of Conscience and Its Relevance to Conscientious Objection in Medicine
Authors: Symons Xavier 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConscience is an idea that has significant currency in liberal democratic societies. Yet contemporary moral philosophical scholarship on conscience is surprisingly sparse. This paper seeks to offer a rigorous philosophical account of the role of conscience in moral life with a view to informing debates about the ethics of conscientious objection in medicine. I argue that conscience is concerned with a commitment to moral integrity and that restrictions on freedom of conscience prevent agents from living a moral life. In section one I argue that conscience is a principle of moral awareness in rational agents, and that it yields an awareness of the personal nature of moral obligation. Conscience also monitors the coherence between an agent’s identity-conferring beliefs and intentions and their practical actions. In section two I consider how human beings are harmed when they are forced to violate their conscience. Restrictions on the exercise of conscience prevent people from living in accord with their own considered understanding of the requirements of morality and undermine one’s capacity for moral agency. This article concludes with a consideration of how a robust theory of conscience can inform our understanding of conscientious objection in medicine. I argue that it is in the interest of individual practitioners and the medical profession generally to foster moral agency among doctors. This provides a prima facie justification for permitting at least some kinds of conscientious objection.
Real time anomaly detection and categorisation
Authors: Fisch Alexander T. M. , Bardwell Lawrence , Eckley Idris A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ability to quickly and accurately detect anomalous structure within data sequences is an inference challenge of growing importance. This work extends recently proposed post-hoc (offline) anomaly detection methodology to the sequential setting. The resultant procedure is capable of real-time analysis and categorisation between baseline and two forms of anomalous structure: point and collective anomalies. Various theoretical properties of the procedure are derived. These, together with an extensive simulation study, highlight that the average run length to false alarm and the average detection delay of the proposed online algorithm are very close to that of the offline version. Experiments on simulated and real data are provided to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed method.
Turning the trolley with reflective equilibrium
Authors: Rechnitzer Tanja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReflective equilibrium (RE)—the idea that we have to justify our judgments and principles through a process of mutual adjustment—is taken to be a central method in philosophy. Nonetheless, conceptions of RE often stay sketchy, and there is a striking lack of explicit and traceable applications of it. This paper presents an explicit case study for the application of an elaborate RE conception. RE is used to reconstruct the arguments from Thomson’s paper “Turning the Trolley” for why a bystander must not divert a runaway trolley from five workmen onto one. Analyzing Thomson’s resulting position with the RE-criteria has two main results: Firstly, the adjustment of one of her commitments can be defended. Secondly, no justified position in RE was reached. With respect to RE as a method, the main results from this application are: (1) There is at least one conception of RE that is sufficiently specified to be applicable; (2) the RE criteria put real constraints on the process of justification; and (3) an explicit application of RE has benefits in terms of clarity while at the same time providing guidance for how the justificatory process could be continued.
Compact athermalized LWIR objective lens
Authors: Hassan Hussein Mohammed , Eldessouky Tawfik Abd-Elhamed , Medhat Mohammed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new compact optical passive athermalized objective lens is designed with a focal length 120 mm and F-number 1.1. Its full field of view is 12.2°. The geometrical aberrations due to the large aperture and the wide field of view are well corrected as well as the chromatic aberration. Hence, the maximum RMS radius of the spot diagram over the full field of view is less than 17 µm and the Strehl ratio is 0.95 at 20 °C. The MTF is nearly limited in diffraction over the full F.O.V. This good correction of aberrations makes the optical system gain high resolution and suitable to work with a focal plane array detector with 17-µm pixel pitch. This performance is stable over a long temperature range from − 40 °C to + 65 °C. Moreover, the optical system is relatively compact “140 mm.” The total transmittance (after absorption consideration) of the optical system is enhanced from 6.6 to 94.07% at λ = 10 µm along the optical axis upon applying an anti-reflection coating.
Deep Steel Desulfurization Practice
Authors: Buľko Branislav , Molnár Marek , Demeter Peter , Červenka Michal , Tréfa Gabriel , Mochnacká Mária , Baricová Dana , Hubatka Slavomír , Fogaraš Lukáš , Šabík Vladimír 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article is aimed to study theoretical knowledges related to deep steel desulfurization and their practical application in specific production conditions. The main goal of this study was to verify the efficiency of added CaSi to processed heats in two batches, i.e., first for deep desulfurization at the beginning of the secondary metallurgy and then in a second smaller batch at the end of that process for final modification. At the beginning of the secondary metallurgy process, it was crucial to prepare a suitable chemical composition of ladle slag with advantageous properties for good assimilation of sulfur-based inclusions from desulfurization reactions. Samples were taken of final basic oxygen furnace slag, ladle slag before the deep desulfurization process at the beginning of secondary metallurgy and ladle slag at the end of processing. Detailed cleanliness analyses of steel samples taken from mold during the casting were performed using the Automated Steel Cleanliness Analyses Tool. For better understanding and interpretation of the obtained cleanliness results and their relationship, the following defined parameters were used: ratio of “Ca/Al” oxide inclusions, percentage of “liquid” inclusions and area of CaS inclusions.