bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correcting inaccurate metaperceptions reduces Americans’ support for partisan violence
Authors: Mernyk Joseph S. , Pink Sophia L. , Druckman James N. , Willer Robb 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Prominent events, such as the 2021 US Capitol attack, have brought politically motivated violence to the forefront of Americans’ minds. Yet, the causes of support for partisan violence remain poorly understood. Across four studies, we found evidence that exaggerated perceptions of rival partisans’ support for violence are a major cause of partisans’ own support for partisan violence. Further, correcting these false beliefs reduces partisans’ support for and willingness to engage in violence, especially among those with the largest misperceptions, and this effect endured for 1 mo. These findings suggest that a simple correction of partisans’ misperceptions could be a practical and scalable way to durably reduce Americans’ support for, and intentions to engage in, partisan violence.
Rhesus monkeys have an interoceptive sense of their beating hearts
Authors: Charbonneau Joey A. , Maister Lara , Tsakiris Manos , Bliss-Moreau Eliza 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The capacity to sense interoceptive signals is thought to be fundamental to broad functions including, but not limited to, homeostasis and the experience of the self. While neuroanatomical evidence suggests that nonhuman animals—namely, nonhuman primates—may possess features necessary for interoceptive processing in a way that is similar to humans, behavioral evidence of this capacity is slim. We presented macaques with audiovisual stimuli that were either synchronous or asynchronous with their heartbeat and demonstrated that they view asynchronous stimuli, whether faster or slower, for a significantly longer period than they do synchronous stimuli.
High-Mg calcite nanoparticles within a low-Mg calcite matrix: A widespread phenomenon in biomineralization
Authors: Bianco-Stein Nuphar , Polishchuk Iryna , Lang Arad , Portal Lotan , Dejoie Catherine , Katsman Alexander , Pokroy Boaz 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Biominerals are extraordinarily intricate and possess superior mechanical properties compared with their synthetic counterparts. In this study, we show that the presence of high-Mg calcite nanoparticles within a low-Mg calcite matrix is a widespread phenomenon among marine organisms whose skeletons are composed of high-Mg calcite. It seems most likely that formation of such a complex structure is possible because of the phase separation that occurs as a result of spinodal decomposition of an amorphous Mg–calcium carbonate precursor and is followed by crystallization. We demonstrate that the basis of such phase separation stems from chemical composition rather than from biological similarities. The presence of high-Mg calcite nanoparticles increases the skeletons’ toughness and hardness.
Translating refugee culinary cultures
Authors: Todorova Marija 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Several non-profit organizations provide asylum claimants in Hong Kong a platform to engage in activities that help them integrate into the local community. These activities include sharing food and recipes with the aim of introducing Hongkongers to refugee cultures. Based on interviews with representatives from two charities and analysis of two cookbooks and a website with food-related refugee stories, this article investigates food preparation by asylum seekers as a translation activity influenced by food materiality and its cultural significance. The analysis reveals how food and its preparation, when examined as community translation events and products, serves as a tool for intercultural mediation that allows refugees and asylum seekers to communicate their culture and negotiate their place in the local community, helping establish meaningful connections with the local population.
Bone health and asymmetry in elite female cricketers
Authors: Alway Peter , Wedatilake Thamindu , Peirce Nicholas , Warren Anna , King Mark , Brooke‐Wavell Katherine 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to determine if bone mineral density (BMD) and bone asymmetry differs between female cricket fast bowlers, spin bowlers and batters. BMD was determined at the total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femurs in 12 fast bowlers, 13 batters and 11 spin bowlers from pre‐season DXA scans. High Z‐scores at the total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur were observed in all cricketers (mean Z‐scores: +1.4 to +3.3) compared with a general age matched reference population. Fast bowlers had significantly greater BMD on the contralateral side of the lumbar spine compared with the ipsilateral side (p = 0.001, 5.9–12.1%). No asymmetry was found between hips in all groups. All cricket positions demonstrated high BMD at all measured sites. The lumbar spine of fast bowlers is asymmetric, with significantly greater BMD on the contralateral side of the spine, particularly at L4, possibly in response to the asymmetric lumbar loading patterns observed in bowling.Highlights
Elite female cricketers demonstrate high BMD at total body, lumbar spine and proximal femur sites, regardless of playing position compared with a general age and ethnic group matched reference population.
Fast bowlers have greater BMD on the contralateral (opposite bowling arm) side of the lumbar spine compared with the ipsilateral side, while a symmetrical pattern was observed in spin bowlers and batters.
No asymmetry in BMD or section modulus between hips was observed at any proximal femur site for any cricket position.
The Classification of Handwriting Features of the Kazakh Language Written in Latin Script
Authors: Galymzhanova Akyldana , Gooch James , Frascione Nunzianda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn 2017, the Republic of Kazakhstan began the phased transition of its alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin script. This transition has presented significant challenges to Kazakhstani document examiners, who have yet to develop appropriate methodologies for the analysis of handwriting samples written in the Kazakh language using Latin letters. This study aims to identify distinguishing macro and micro features of letters within Kazakh writing samples produced using the Latin alphabet and determine their frequencies of occurrence and discriminating power indices. Micro features were examined using the four most frequently appearing letters: “a”, “y”, “e” and “n”. A comparative analysis of tested Latin letters with those of a similar configuration in Cyrillic demonstrated differences in the number of distinguishing features, as well as in the frequency of occurrence and discriminating power indices of similar features. These results show that separate statistical bases should be used for Latin and Cyrillic letters when analysing handwriting samples based on the frequencies of occurrence of micro and macro writing features. Key PointsThe Republic of Kazakhstan is currently moving from the use of a Cyrillic alphabet to a Latin one.Kazakhstani document examiners are faced with new difficulties in the identification of handwriting samples based on Latin script.In this article, 100 Kazakh-language handwriting samples prepared using Latin letters were obtained from Kazakh nationals and analysed.Distinguishing macro and micro features within these samples were identified and their frequencies of occurrence and discriminating power indices were calculated.Results from this study show that features of Latin letters should be analysed using a separate statistical base from that used for Cyrillic.
The effect of cochlear implants on vestibular-evoked myogenic potential responses in adults
Authors: Abdel-Salam Gehan M. Shafeek , Fadel Hanaa 
Published: April 2022

Background
Cochlear implants (CIs) as a golden solution for improving hearing for patients with profound hearing loss may although causes damage for peripheral vestibular system during insertion of electrode interpretatively leading to vestibular dysfunction. This can be assessed by several methods. One of the important methods is cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) which can assess the function of saccule.

Aim of the work
Study the effect of insertion of electrodes of CIs on the saccular function, by using cVEMP test which was performed before and after the operation. Also, cVEMP was measured in the CI-on and CI-off modes to determine if electrical stimulation of electrodes of CIs affects the saccular function or not.

Materials and method
Thirty adult CI candidates were recruited from the audiology unit of Hearing and Speech Institute. cVEMP was recorded preoperatively for each candidate and two months post operative. cVEMP testing was performed in the CI-on and CI-off modes.

Results
cVEMP response was recorded postoperatively for 19 out of 30 (63%) implanted ears. The amplitude of wave P and wave N in implanted ears with CI-off mode was decreased compared to preoperative results and this decrease is statistically significant. Also, amplitude of wave P and wave N in implanted ears with CI-on mode were increased compared to preoperative results and this increase is statistically significant. The interaural amplitude difference (IAD) ratio in postoperative CI-on mode was decreased compared to preoperative results and this decrease is not statistically significant.

Conclusion
cVEMP should be included in cochlear implant selection protocol with caloric testing as it is more sensitive for discovering vestibular disorders. Also, postoperative cVEMP testing in the CI-on and CI-off modes will offer accurate evaluation of saccule function after CI surgery.
Deep learning for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metasurface optimization design
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Cong , Guo Jing , Dong Liang , Gong Jinyue 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to accelerate the design process of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metasurface, a deep learning-based EIT metasurface design method is proposed, where the spectral profile of EIT metasurface can be predicted by the forward prediction process, and the EIT metasurface geometry parameters based on the target spectral profile can be obtained by the inverse design process. In the inverse design process, a cascaded convolutional neural network (CNN) consisting of one-dimensional convolutional layer, a batch normalization layer, a pooling layer and an exponential linear unit (ELU) activation function is employed. Each CNN is designed to achieve feature extraction for spectra. The inverse network achieves low mean square errors (MSE), with MSE of 0.011 on the validation sets. After training, the model can more accurately predict the parameters with error of 0.3 μm. This method is more efficient and saves computing resources, allowing designers to focus on the target spectra. More importantly, it can be extended to the design of arbitrary metasurface.
Multi-meron interactions and statistics in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Lu Xiaobo , Zhu Linghan , Yang Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As a fundamental type of topological spin textures in two-dimensional (2D) magnets, a magnetic meron carries half-integer topological charge and forms a pair with its antithesis to keep the stability in materials. However, it is challenging to quantitatively calculate merons and their dynamics by using the widely used continuum model because of the characteristic highly inhomogeneous spin textures. In this work, we develop a discrete method to address the concentrated spin structures around the core of merons. We reveal a logarithmic-scale interaction between merons when their distance is larger than twice their core size and obtain subsequent statistics of meron gas. The model also predicts how these properties of single and paired merons evolve with magnetic exchange interactions, and the results are in excellent agreement with the Monte Carlo simulations using the parameters of real 2D van der Waals magnetic materials. This discrete approach not only shows equilibrium static statistics of meron systems but also is useful to further explore the dynamic properties of merons through the quantified pairing interactions.
Pseudospin-one particles in the time-periodic dice lattice: a new approach to transport control
Authors: Majari Parisa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The controlling of the transmission in the pseudospin-one Dirac–Weyl systems offers a rich tool to study new concepts of massive Dirac electron tunneling by means of a time-dependent potential. The time-periodic potential is one of the experimental techniques to have more control over the tunneling effect. In this paper, we study the transmission coefficient for different sidebands to obtain total transmission. We show how the super Klein tunneling under special conditions is independent of the incidence angle, oscillation amplitude, frequency, and barrier width. We consider a band gap opening with different locations of the flat band and modulate the resonances by tuning free parameters in our system.
Transition from surface phonon-polariton to surface phonon–plasmon-polariton by thermal injection of free carriers
Authors: El-Helou Y , Wu K-T , Bruyant A , Woon W-Y , Kazan M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Surface phonon-polariton, surface plasmon-polariton, and surface phonon–plasmon-polariton are evanescent electromagnetic waves confined to the surfaces of different classes of materials, which gives each of them particular characteristics suitable for diverse applications. Natural or forced injection of free carriers in a dielectric may change the surface phonon-polariton into a surface phonon–plasmon-polariton. Understanding this effect provides an insight into the fundamental physics of surface electromagnetic waves on dielectrics and offers tools that can be used to develop new technologies. In this contribution, we experimentally study the transition from surface phonon-polariton to surface phonon–plasmon-polariton on a yttrium-doped aluminum nitride polycrystalline substrate by thermal injection of free carriers. We perform this study using reflectivity measurements in the far- and mid-infrared spectral range and at a variable temperature, taking the necessary precautions to eliminate any errors that may arise from measurement artifacts and inaccurate analysis of the spectra. We demonstrate that thermal injection of a significant free carrier density can tune the surface phonon-polariton into a much shorter mean free path surface phonon–plasmon-polariton.
Analytical theory for the crossover from retarded to non-retarded interactions between metal plates
Authors: Luengo-Márquez Juan , MacDowell Luis G 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The van der Waals force established between two surfaces plays a central role in many phenomena, such as adhesion or friction. However, the dependence of this forces on the distance of separation between plates is very complex. Two widely different non-retarded and retarded regimes are well known, but these have been traditionally studied separately. Much less is known about the important experimentally accessible cross-over regime. In this study, we provide analytical approximations for the van der Waals forces between two plates that interpolates exactly between the short distance and long distance behavior, and provides new insight into the crossover from London to Casimir forces at finite temperature. At short distance, where the behavior is dominated by non-retarded interactions, we work out a very accurate simplified approximation for the Hamaker constant which adopts analytical form for both the Drude and Lorentz models of dielectric response. We apply our analytical expressions for the study of forces between metallic plates, and observe very good agreement with exact results from numerical calculations. Our results show that contributions of interband transitions remain important in the experimentally accessible regime of decades nm for several metals, including gold.
GNSS spoofing detection technology based on Doppler frequency shift difference correlation
Authors: Li Junzhi , Zhu Xiangwei , Ouyang Mingjun , Shen Dan , Chen Zhengkun , Dai Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing interference poses a great threat to the security of end users. Based on the same propagation path characteristics of the spoofing signals transmitted by a single antenna spoofing device, this paper proposes a method against single antenna spoofing jamming utilizing the Fréchet distance of Doppler frequency difference. When the receiver moves, the Doppler data in a window are fitted via the leastsquares method, and the Fréchet distance between the two satellite signals is calculated to obtain the similarity evaluation value between them. The detection of spoofing signal is carried out based on the evaluation value. We use real data to verify the detection performance of the method, and the experimental results show that the method can effectively distinguish the spoofing signal from the authentic signal. In addition, the method has low computational complexity and requires less additional information, which makes it possible to apply it in the anti-spoofing module of a GNSS receiver.
Effect of cobalt doping on the enhanced energy storage performance of 2D vanadium diselenide: experimental and theoretical investigations
Authors: K A Sree Raj , Adhikari Surajit , Radhakrishnan Sithara , Johari Priya , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Vanadium Diselenide (VSe2) is a prominent candidate in the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides family for energy storage applications. Herein, we report the experimental and theoretical investigations on the effect of cobalt doping in 1T-VSe2. The energy storage performance in terms of specific capacitance, stability and energy and power density is studied. It is observed that 3% Co doped VSe2 exhibits better energy storage performance as compared to other concentrations, with a specific capacitance of ∼193 F g−1 in a two-electrode symmetric configuration. First-principles Density Functional Theory based simulations support the experimental findings by suggesting an enhanced quantum capacitance value after the Co doping in the 1T-VSe2. By making use of the advantages of the specific electrode materials, a solid state asymmetric supercapacitor (SASC) is also assembled with MoS2 as the negative electrode. The assembled Co-VSe2//MoS2 SASC device shows excellent energy storage performance with a maximum energy density of 33.36 Wh kg−1 and a maximum power density of 5148 W kg−1 with a cyclic stability of 90% after 5000 galvano static charge discharge cycles.
Human blood biocompatibility and immunogenicity of scFvD2B PEGylated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Mitri Nadim , Rahme Kamil , Fracasso Giulio , Ghanem Esther 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Single chain variable D2B antibody fragments (scFvD2Bs) exhibit high affinity binding to prostate specific membrane antigens overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer (PC). Conjugation of scFvD2B to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) would enhance its stability and plasma half-life circulation to shuttle theranostic agents in PC. In this study, we synthesized PEGylated scFvD2B-AuNPs (AuNPs-scFvD2B-PEG) and tested their integrity, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity in freshly withdrawn human blood. Prior to blood incubation, Zeta potential measurements, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to assess the physicochemical properties of our nano-complexes in the presence or absence of PEGylation. A surface plasmon resonance band shift of 2 and 4 nm confirmed the successful coating for AuNPs-scFvD2B and AuNPs-scFvD2B-PEG, respectively. Likewise, DLS revealed a size increase of ∼3 nm for AuNPs-scFvD2B and ∼19 nm for AuNPs-scFvD2B-PEG. Zeta potential increased from −34 to −19 mV for AuNPs-scFvD2B and reached −3 mV upon PEGylation. Similar assessment measures were applied post-incubation in human blood with additional immunogenicity tests, such as hemolysis assay, neutrophil function test, and pyridine formazan extraction. Interestingly, grafting PEG chains on AuNPs-scFvD2B precluded the binding of blood plasma proteins and reduced neutrophil activation level compared with naked AuNPs-citrate counterparts. Most likely, a hydrated negative PEG cloud shielded the NPs rendering blood compatiblility with less than 10% hemolysis. In conclusion, the biocompatible AuNPs-scFvD2B-PEG presents promising characteristics for PC targeted therapy, with minimal protein adsorption affinity, low immunorecognition, and reduced hemolytic activity.
Improving the photovoltaic properties of GaAs/GaAsBi pin diodes by inserting a compositionally graded layer at the hetero-interface
Authors: Kawata Hiromu , Hasegawa Sho , Nishinaka Hiroyuki , Yoshimoto Masahiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We investigated the effect of inserting a compositionally graded layer at the GaAsBi/GaAs interface on the photovoltaic and light-emission properties of GaAs/GaAsBi pin diodes. When the pin diode is operated as a solar cell, inserting a graded layer improves the open-circuit bandgap–voltage offset (W
oc) to 0.51 V. This is comparable to or better than other materials—such as GaInNAs(Sb), which has a bandgap of 1.0 eV—that are expected to be used in multijunction solar cells. In contrast, W
oc can be as large as 0.71 V for a pin diode without a graded layer. When it is operated as a light-emitting diode, inserting a graded layer in such a diode suppresses nonradiative recombination by a factor of 1/50 based on its electroluminescence intensity. Inserting a graded layer also makes it possible to avoid deterioration of the peculiar hetero-interface where the transition from the non-metallic nature of GaAs to the metallic nature of GaAsBi occurs. Moreover, the graded layer is effective in avoiding a pile-up of oxygen at the interface at low temperatures when growth is interrupted just before growing the GaAsBi layer. Thus, inserting a graded layer is the key to improving the performance of minority-carrier devices containing GaAsBi.
Real-time fuzzy-pid synchronization of memristor-based chaotic circuit using graphical coded algorithm in secure communication applications
Authors: Guler Hasan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to implement real-time synchronization of a memristor-based chaotic circuit for secure communication on LabVIEW virtual instrument environments. Memristors can be used in chaotic circuits because of their nonlinear behavior. In this paper, an application for secure communication systems is proposed by using the chaotic property of the memristor. Phase portraits, Lyapunov exponential spectrum, and bifurcation diagrams of the memristor-based chaotic circuit were investigated. A Fuzzy-PID controller was used for master-slave synchronization of memristive chaotic circuit and in secure communication application, three images were also used for encryption and decryption. NI 6251 DAQ card was used to obtain real-time results. Information entropy values, correlation coefficients (CC), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), correlation coefficients for the horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions from the three encrypted images, number of pixels change rate (NPCR) and unified average changing intensity (UACI) are calculated to test encryption/decryption performance in the designed system. The results obtained from real-time applications and simulations prove that memristor-based chaotic circuits can be used in secure communication systems where privacy is important.