bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized Ordinal Regression Models for Seismic Fragility Analysis
Authors: Chen Libo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the application of ordinal regression models in seismic fragility curve modeling, providing a flexible alternative to the traditional log‐normal distribution function. A comparative analysis is conducted among various ordinal regression approaches, including the traditional Cumulative model as well as alternative methods like Sequential and Adjacent Category models, along with extensions that account for category‐specific effects and heteroscedasticity. These models are applied to bridge damage data from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, using both frequentist and Bayesian inference methods. Model diagnostics, including surrogate residuals, are performed to assess model fit and performance. A total of eleven models are examined, from basic forms to those incorporating category‐specific effects and variance heterogeneity. The Sequential model with category‐specific effects, rigorously evaluated using leave‐one‐out cross‐validation, outperforms the traditional Cumulative probit model. The findings highlight significant differences in the predicted damage probabilities, emphasizing the potential of more flexible fragility curve modeling techniques to improve seismic risk assessments. This study underscores the importance of ongoing evaluation and refinement of modeling techniques to enhance the predictive accuracy and applicability of seismic fragility models in performance‐based earthquake engineering.
Big Talks for Little People: A Pilot Study of a Classroom Based Mental Health Program
Authors: Slee Phillip , Pill Shane , Agnew Deborah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSchools are important settings for the promotion, implementation and education of mental health and well‐being. The present study piloted and evaluated a classroom based mental health and well‐being programme for use in primary schools.MethodsA mixed‐method quasi‐hybrid design methodology was utilised. An online survey was completed by students from five schools pretest (n = 173) and three schools matched post‐test (n = 68) with semi‐structured interviews with teachers (n = 4) and a focus group of students (n = 18) conducted at the completion of the programme. Student questionnaire data was gathered including the use of three standardised and internationally used measures of well‐being.ResultsStudents at post‐test self‐reported significant improvements in positive emotional state (p < 0.05, moderate effect size), recognising (p < 0.001, large effect size) and expressing emotions (p < 0.001, moderate effect size) and reductions in anxiety (p < 0.001, moderate effect size).ConclusionsThe findings suggest the programme was effective in relation to promoting aspects of student well‐being, emotional development and in reducing elements of anxiety. Shortcomings in the design including a lack of a control group must lead to caution in interpreting the outcomes.So WhatFurther research with a larger student population which addresses the identified shortcomings of the present pilot study appears warranted.
Anatomical Distribution of Polyps Is Different for Men and Women With Positive Stool Tests
Authors: Anderson Joseph C. , Hisey William M. , Robinson Christina M. , Limburg Paul J. , Kneedler Bonny L. , Butterly Lynn F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimOur goal was to inform endoscopist practice by exploring how the odds of advanced neoplasia in the right and left colon differ between men and women with and without prior positive stool tests.MethodsOur primary outcome was advanced lesions (advanced adenomas, advanced serrated polyps, and/or colorectal cancer) found during colonoscopy. We used logistic regression to compare adjusted outcome odds by colon location (left or right), patient sex, and screening cohort.ResultsStool‐test+ patients had higher odds for advanced lesions than colonoscopy‐only patients throughout the colon, regardless of sex. While colonoscopy‐only men had significantly higher odds of advanced lesions in the right vs. left colon (OR: 1.87 [1.75–1.99]), the odds of advanced lesions in mt‐sDNA+ and FIT+ men did not differ significantly by colon location. As a result, compared to colonoscopy‐only men, the increase in advanced lesion odds in stool‐test+ men is significantly lower in the right vs. left colon (mt‐sDNA+: OR: 0.63 [0.44–0.90]; FIT+; OR: 0.50 [0.30–0.83]). In stool‐test+ women there was no significant difference in the degree of increase in advanced lesion odds in the right vs. left colon.ConclusionsPositive stool tests are associated with increased left‐ and right‐sided advanced polyp yield in men and women at colonoscopy. However, stool‐test‐positive men had a significantly higher increase of advanced lesions in the left colon, whereas we found no such differences in women.
Ruditapes philippinarum Polysaccharide Alleviates Hyperglycemia by Modulating Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Ge Xiaodong , Wang Yaolin , Zhang Jiawei , Sui Yinzi , Yin Xuemei , Wu Na , Yang Lei , Xu Jianda , Zhou Hongcheng , Wu Qin , Zeng Feng , Liu Liang , Shao Rong , Xu Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a widespread chronic metabolic disorder, presents a global challenge. Metformin hydrochloride, although widely prescribed, is associated with notable side effects. This study aims to explore safer, more effective alternatives by assessing the impact of Ruditapes philippinarum polysaccharides (RPPs) on glycemic control and modulation of microbiota in T2DM mice. A T2DM mouse model was established through a high‐sucrose/high‐fat diet and intraperitioneal streptozotocin injection. Glycometabolism indicators, histopathological features, and gut microbiota composition in caecum samples were assessed. Following 4 weeks of RPPs intervention, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated serum protein (GSP), area under the curve (AUC) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c) levels were reduced in T2DM mice, while AKT‐1 and GLUT‐2 transcription levels were significant increased. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations notably increased in the RPP‐L group compared to the Model group, with improvements also observed in medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and secondary bile acids (SBAs). Regarding gut microbiota, the Firmicutes‐to‐Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in RPP‐L was substantially lower than in the Model group. At the genus level, beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Alloprevotella, Tidjanibacter, and Faecalibaculum demonstrated increased abundance. Correlation analysis identified Muribaculum, Paramuribaculum, Lacrimispora, and Turicibacter as microbial taxa associated with T2DM progression. RPPs significantly alleviated hyperglycemic symptoms in T2DM mice while enhancing the presence of beneficial gut bacteria, leading to a marked improvement in intestinal microbiota composition. This research offers foundational insights for the potential use of R. philippinarum in biomedical and nutraceutical applications.
Comprehensive Quality Evaluation and Botanical Differentiation of Typhae Pollen Using UHPLC‐DAD/Q‐TOF‐MS and Multivariate Chemometric Analysis
Authors: Tian Fang , Zhang Ying , Chen Lixia , Wu Jieyi , Cao Hui , Wu Menghua , Ma Zhiguo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn China, Typhae Pollen (TP) has been extensively utilized as a medicinal product, which is the dried pollen from the male inflorescences of Typha angustifolia L. (TA), Typha orientalis Presl (TO), or species within the same genus. However, existing methods for differentiating the botanical origin and controlling the quality of TP are confusing, unreliable, and unsystematic.ObjectivesThis study aims to elucidate the microstructural similarities and differences between pollen grains of the two species and to develop a comprehensive method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple flavonoids and phenolic acids in TP.MethodologyScanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the dried pollen grains. A comprehensive analytical approach was developed using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze 17 flavonoids and phenolic acids. Discrepancies in constituents were further explored using partial least squares discrimination analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.ResultsMicroscopic examination revealed distinct differences between the pollen grains of the two species, which could be distinguished using SEM. The analytical methods established for these 17 constituents—comprising 13 flavonoids and 4 phenolic acids—proved reliable and accurate. The flavonoid glycosides in TP could be categorized into three distinct groups. In TA, the average contents of constituents 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 were higher than in TO, whereas the reverse was true for constituents 7, 14, 16, and 17. Constituents 9, 10, and 13 were unique to TO. And constituent 14 should be chosen as a more appropriate quality indicator for TO. Chemometric techniques effectively differentiated between TA and TO.ConclusionsThis study contributes to enhancing quality control and facilitating botanical origin identification of TP and provides an experimental foundation for improving its standards.
A microgel composite hydrogel based on glucose response for drug delivery
Authors: Cong Luyao , Liu Weizheng , Tian Lili , Cai Chenyu , Han Qing , Ju Shuaichao , Zhao Yaling , Zhang Qian , Hao Hong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiabetes is a chronic condition that will affect diabetic patients throughout their lives. Glucose‐sensitive hydrogels offer significant advantages in diabetes management due to their excellent biocompatibility and ability to regulate blood glucose levels. To improve the glucose sensitivity of these hydrogels under physiological conditions, we developed a glucose‐responsive acrylic graphene oxide (GOM)/nanocomposite hydrogels using a novel method. This was achieved by creating GOM‐poly(3‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid‐N,N‐dimethylacrylamide‐co‐acrylamide) (AAPBA‐DMAA‐co‐AAm) microgels through the emulsion polymerization of GOM, dimethyl acrylamide (DMAA), acrylamide (AAm), and 3‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid (AAPBA). Subsequently, the GOM/nanocomposite hydrogels with rapid glucose responsiveness were achieved by free radical polymerization with microgels as micro‐crosslinkers and GOM as an additive. Their composition, surface morphology, and mechanical properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, XRD, scanning electron microscope, and modular compact rheometer. The microgels effectively addressed the issue of sluggish kinetics typical of monomer‐based hydrogels. At a pH of 7.3 and glucose concentration of 20 mM, the GOM‐poly(AAPBA‐DMAA‐co‐AAm) microgels reached swelling equilibrium in 18 min with a swelling degree (SD) of 15.93%. The GOM/nanocomposite hydrogels with GOM of 1.0%wt accomplished an SD of 20.31% in 40 min, making clear significant enrichments in response speed and strength. Using metformin hydrochloride as a model drug, at a glucose concentration of 10 mM, the cumulative release rates of metformin hydrochloride within 10 and 24 h reached 51.92% and 61.78%, respectively. At a glucose concentration of 40 mM, these release rates increased to 73.95% and 82.07%, respectively. This study introduces an effective method for providing glucose‐responsive microgel composite hydrogels, which can be widely used in biomedical fields, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and so on.Highlights
The surface of graphene oxide was modified to prepare propylene‐based graphene oxide with double bonds.
The propylene‐based graphene oxide/nanocomposite hydrogels enhance the glucose response speed.
High cumulative drug release rate and controlled release.
Large Quantities of Bacterial DNA and Protein in Common Dietary Protein Source Used in Microbiome Studies
Authors: Bartlett Alexandria , Blakeley‐Ruiz J. Alfredo , Richie Tanner , Theriot Casey M. , Kleiner Manuel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDiet has been shown to greatly impact the intestinal microbiota. To understand the role of individual dietary components, defined diets with purified components are frequently used in diet‐microbiota studies. Defined diets frequently use purified casein as the protein source. Previous work indicated that casein contains microbial DNA potentially impacting results of microbiome studies. Other diet‐based microbially derived molecules that may impact microbiome measurements, such as proteins detected by metaproteomics, have not been determined for casein. Additionally, other protein sources used in microbiome studies have not been characterized for their microbial content. We used metagenomics and metaproteomics to identify and quantify microbial DNA and protein in a casein‐based defined diet to better understand potential impacts on metagenomic and metaproteomic microbiome studies. We further tested six additional defined diets with purified protein sources with an integrated metagenomic–metaproteomic approach and found that contaminating microbial protein is unique to casein within the tested set as microbial protein was not identified in diets with other protein sources. We also illustrate the contribution of diet‐derived microbial protein in diet‐microbiota studies by metaproteomic analysis of stool samples from germ‐free mice (GF) and mice with a conventional microbiota (CV) following consumption of diets with casein and non‐casein protein. This study highlights a potentially confounding factor in diet‐microbiota studies that must be considered through evaluation of the diet itself within a given study.
Dynamic Proteomic and Acetylomic Profiling of Mechanically Induced Cancer Stemness in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Han Rong , Wu Yue , Yang Yehong , Wang Qiaochu , Ding Tao , Zhang Xutong , Yang Juntao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCompared to regular tumor cells, cancer stem cells exhibit dangerous characteristics, including high proliferation, high metastatic potential, and significantly increased in vivo tumorigenicity. Although some studies have emphasized the impact of the microenvironment on cell stemness, they have largely overlooked the mechanical forces derived from the stiffness of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Our previous research demonstrated that a 90 Pa soft fibrin matrix in three‐dimensional (3D) culture can induce cells to become cancer repopulating cells with high stemness. Acetylation modification significantly influences the metabolism, epigenetics, proliferation, migration, and immune evasion of tumor cells. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the proteome and acetyl‐proteome of breast cancer cells under two‐dimensional (2D) plate and 3D matrix conditions with varying stiffness. This dataset provides a valuable resource for understanding the dynamic regulation of protein acetylation in response to mechanical stiffness. The mass spectrometry‐based proteomics data have been uploaded to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD057820.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Sheep and Its Zoonotic Importance in Hargeisa, Somaliland
Authors: Jama Abdiqani Mohamed , Yihun Taddesse Yayeh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundToxoplasmosis has public health importance, particularly in immunocompromised individuals such as pregnant women leading to congenital abnormalities and fetal losses. In this study, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep at Mandeeq Slaughter House in Hargeisa and pregnant women attending antenatal care at Hargeisa Group Hospital.MethodsCross‐sectional study design with systematic random sampling method and Questionnaire surveys were used for the collection of data from sheep and pregnant women. Sera were collected and examined for anti‐Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using latex agglutination test.ResultsThe overall prevalences of toxoplasmosis were 25.5% and 28% in sheep and human, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that female (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.38–3.47; p = 0.001) and young age groups of sheep (AOR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.04–8.86; p = 0.041) were significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity. In pregnant women, age groups between 25 and 34 (AOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.07–7.14; p = 0.037), pregnant women who have cats in their home (AOR = 6.45; 95% CI: 2.37–17.52; p = 0.000), women who have close contact with garden soil (AOR = 6.74; 95% CI: 2.55–17.81; p = 0.000), poor hand washing practices before food eating (AOR = 29.5; 95% CI: 5.41–161.11; p = 0.000), and drinking tap water (AOR = 8.4; 95% CI: 2.54–28.08; p = 0.000) were significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity.ConclusionToxoplasmosis is prevalent in sheep and pregnant women in Hargeisa. We recommend that pregnant women should avoid eating uncooked mutton, reduce gardening activities, keep personal and environmental hygiene, and drink boiled water to reduce the risk of the toxoplasmosis.
Extreme local mesoscale convective systems over the South China coast during the warm season
Authors: Wang Chenli , Chen Xingchao , Zhao Kun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe South China coast (SCC) is a climatological rainfall center in East Asia during the warm season. Using a 20‐year cloud‐tracking and classification dataset, this study shows that mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) contribute approx. 65% of the warm‐season rainfall in the SCC. It is found that locally initiated MCSs predominantly contribute to the MCS rainfall, especially those initiated near the coastline of SCC. Notably, about 11.6% of these locally initiated MCSs are characterized by extended lifespans, extensive rainfall areas, and high rain rates, making them responsible for extreme rainfall events in the region. The environments conducive to the development of these local extreme MCSs feature a strong low‐level geopotential height gradient over the South China Sea, which leads to strong low‐level onshore winds. Due to the land–sea contrast and coastal terrain, the coastal convergence of the onshore winds further leads to a strong moisture convergence near the coastline, which provides a favorable environment for the initiation and development of extreme MCSs. Based on the spatial distribution of their lifetime total rainfall, the extreme MCSs are further classified into onshore, coastal, offshore, and other rainfall types. We found the spatial distribution type is mainly influenced by shifts in the moisture convergence center between onshore and offshore areas, which is modulated by the mid‐ and low‐level synoptic circulations. Among these MCS types, the offshore rainfall type demonstrates a significantly higher lifetime total amount of rainfall compared to the other types, primarily due to its higher lifetime mean rain rate.
Development of Oleylamine‐Directed Nano‐OZIF‐67 Induced Microporous Carbon Nanofiber Conjugated with Tiny Fibrous PEDOT Polymer for Hybrid‐Capacitor Electrodes
Authors: Karingula Sampath , Kummari Shekher , Kotagiri Yugender Goud , Malyala Latha , Gobi K. Vengatajalabathy 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMaking nanostructured metal oxides intertwined with graphitic carbon materials is critically important to construct hybrid supercapacitors with high‐performance, cost‐affordable, and free‐standing 1D hybrid electrode material and is of foremost importance to responding positively to the impending energy crisis. Fine‐tuned nano‐sized ZIF‐67 particles of 5 – 25 nm width (OZIF‐67) are achieved using oleylamine‐involved synthesis and are seeded into fibrous poly‐PAN‐PVP. Porous N‐doped carbon nanofibers impregnated with OZIF‐67‐derived Co3O4 (oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF) are obtained by calcining the electrospun polymer. The surface area of oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF is exceptionally high, 429 m2 g−1, with the pore size predominantly ≈2 – 5 nm. Thin conducting polymer films of poly‐(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) are formed onto oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF (oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF/PEDOT). A porous, long nanofibrous structure (≈100 nm thick) of oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF and a spongy needle‐like network of PEDOT interconnecting outer layers are established from FESEM images. The material has shown excellent energy storage capability with the specific capacitance (CS) of 417 F g−1 (oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF/PEDOT). Free‐standing supercapacitor device delivers excellent performance in asymmetric assembly (oz‐Co3O4‐PNCNF/PEDOT//PNCNF) with 141.1 Wh kg−1 and 84% CS at the end of 5000 charge–discharge cycles. The excellent porous network, combined with finely‐tuned nano‐sized Co3O4 particles and an overlying thin electropolymer film, work together to establish high energy, efficient, and stable supercapacitors.
Magic‐Sized Nanoclusters‐Induced Cascade Tandem Charge Transfer for Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Li Zhuang‐Yan , Yuan Meng , Xiao Fang‐Xing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMagic‐sized nanoclusters (MSCs) have been attracting enduring interest by virtue of the quantum confinement effect, discrete energy band structure, and enriched catalytic active sites. Nevertheless, up to date, exploration of MSCs artificial photosystems and fine‐tuning of spatial vectorial charge transfer in photoredox catalysis have so far been scarcely reported. Hence, we employed a facile and easily accessible layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly strategy to highly ordered, alternately, and periodically deposit oppositely charged tailor‐made transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) MSCs and non‐conjugated polymer (NCP) building blocks on the MO substrate, resulting in the MO/(NCP‐TMCs MSCs)n multilayer heterostructures. It is affirmed that the ultra‐thin NCP uniformly intercalated at the interface of every TMCs MSCs layer fosters the unidirectional electron flow from TMCs MSCs to MO substrate with the assistance of NCP, and moreover the multilayered interface configuration benefits the establishment of cascade tandem charge transfer route, synergistically giving rise to the significantly enhanced charge separation and boosted solar water oxidation performances of MO/(TMCs MSCs‐NCP)n heterostructure under simulated solar light irradiation. Our work elucidates the specific roles of NCP and MSCs as charge relay mediators and photosensitizers, affording a quintessential paradigm to rationally regulate the photocarrier transport and separation over MSCs for solar energy conversion.