bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Homologation: Access to Diverse Chiral Trifluoromethyl Organoboron Species
Authors: Jayarajan Ramasamy , Kireilis Tautvydas , Eriksson Lars , Szabó Kálmán J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA broad range of aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic boronic acids were successfully homologated using trifluorodiazoethane in the presence of BINOL derivatives to provide the corresponding chiral trifluoromethyl containing boronic acid derivatives in high yields and excellent enantioselectivity. The in situ conversion of the chiral transient boronic acids to the corresponding alcohols or β‐CF3 carboxylates are also demonstrated.
Electrical‐Conductive/Insulating Bi‐Functional Layers for Stable Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Wang Lang , Wang Xinyu , Wang Zhe , Song Binxin , Wan Fang , Ma Xiangkun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractZinc‐ion batteries are regarded as an extremely promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage equipment due to the inexpensive ingredients and high safety. However, dendrite growth and side reactions occur in the Zn anode, which lead to exceedingly low coulombic efficiency (CE) and poor cycling stability. In this work, we propose a strategy of a conductive/insulating bi‐functional coating layer (CIBL) for stable Zn metal anodes. Porous Ag nanowires (NWs) coating as a conductive layer effectively reduces the nuclear barrier and contains Zn2+ deposition in a certain space. Polyimide (PI) coatings as insulating layer implement a shunting effect on Zn2+, which could reduce the differential concentration on the Zn surface and induce uniform deposition of Zn2+. Therefore, the CIBL−Zn//CIBL−Zn battery achieves stable plating/stripping of over 1300 h at 1 mA cm−2. The CE of CIBL−Zn//CIBL−Zn battery maintains at 99.2 % even after 1000 cycles. Moreover, the CIBL−Zn//V2O5 battery exhibits a capacity of nearly 289.2 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 3000 cycles and no sign of capacity degradation is found, which further demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy in practical application.
E‐selective Semi‐hydrogenation of Alkynes under Mild Conditions by a Diruthenium Hydride Complex
Authors: van Beek Cody B. , Killian Lars , Lutz Martin , Weingarth Markus , Asundi Arun S. , Sarangi Ritimukta , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. , Broere Daniël L. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of a new class of diruthenium hydrido carbonyl complexes bound to thetBuPNNPexpanded pincer ligand is described. ReactingtBuPNNPwith two equiv of RuHCl(PPh3)3(CO) at 140 °C produces an insoluble air‐stable complex, which was structurally characterized as [Ru2(tBuPNNP)H(μ‐H)Cl(μ‐Cl)(CO)2] (1) using solid‐state NMR, IR and X‐ray absorption spectroscopies and follow‐up reactivity. A reaction with KOtBu results in deprotonation of a methylene linker to produce [Ru2(tBuPNNP*)H(μ‐H)(μ‐OtBu)(CO)2] (3) featuring a partially dearomatized naphthyridine core. This enables metal‐ligand cooperative activation of H2analogous to the mononuclear analogue, [Ru(tBuPNP*)H(CO)]. In contrast to the mononuclear system, the bimetallic analogue3catalyzes theE‐selective semi‐hydrogenation of alkynes at ambient temperature and atmospheric H2pressure with good functional group tolerance. Monitoring the semi‐hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene by1H NMR spectroscopy shows the intermediacy ofZ‐stilbene, which is subsequently isomerized to theE‐isomer. Initial findings into the mode of action of this system are provided, including the spectroscopic characterization of a polyhydride intermediate and the isolation of a deactivated species with a partially hydrogenated naphthyridine backbone.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Binding Mode of a New Class of Oncogenic K‐Ras4b Inhibitors
Authors: Jeuken Stephan , Shkura Oleksandr , Röger Marc , Brickau Victoria , Choidas Axel , Degenhart Carsten , Gülden Daniel , Klebl Bert , Koch Uwe , Stoll Raphael , Scherkenbeck Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRas proteins are implicated in some of the most common life‐threatening cancers. Despite intense research during the past three decades, progress towards small‐molecule inhibitors of mutant Ras proteins still has been limited. Only recently has significant progress been made, in particular with ligands for binding sites located in the switch II and between the switch I and switch II region of K‐Ras4B. However, the structural diversity of inhibitors identified for those sites to date is narrow. Herein, we show that hydrazones and oxime ethers of specific bis(het)aryl ketones represent structurally variable chemotypes for new GDP/GTP‐exchange inhibitors with significant cellular activity.
Research on dual‐frequency modulation strategy of wireless power transfer system
Authors: Tang Yu , Wang Hongchang , Shi Zhe , Guo Yingjun , Sun Hexu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompared with traditional wired power transmission, wireless power transfer(WPT) has fully exhibited its key advantages of better safety and convenience, stronger reliability and electrical isolation, and less maintenance. Although the phase‐shift modulation strategy has been widely used in various WPT applications, it has certain limitations in terms of high‐frequency hard‐switching, which increases the power loss of the WPT system during voltage regulation. To achieve efficient operation over a wide range of load power, this paper proposes a dual‐frequency modulation strategy for the WPT system. The advantages of the dual‐frequency modulation strategy are the simple modulation logic and the lower switching loss. It maintains the optimal load impedance during constant voltage output and improves the overall efficiency of the system. For validation, we designed the control circuit and wrote the control program and built the experimental prototype of the WPT system to carry out the phase‐shift modulation experiment and the dual‐frequency modulation experiment, respectively. The experimental results show that the soft switching range and efficiency of the WPT system under the dual‐frequency modulation strategy are better. At the rated output power, the efficiency of the WPT system under dual‐frequency modulation strategy is 89.75%. The feasibility of the dual‐frequency modulation strategy has been confirmed.
N6‐methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 suppresses colorectal cancer progression potentially by decreasing PHF20 mRNA methylation
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Wang Ling , Zhao Long , Wang Quan , Yang Changjiang , Zhang Mengmeng , Wang Bo , Jiang Kewei , Ye Yingjiang , Wang Shan , Shen Zhanlong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the most widespread mRNAs modification, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is dynamically and reversibly modulated by methyltransferases and demethylases. ALKBH5 is a major demethylase, and plays vital roles in the progression of cancers. However, the role and mechanisms of ALKBH5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear.ResultsHerein, we discovered that in CRC, downregulated ALKBH5 was closely related to poor prognosis of CRC patients. Functionally, our results demonstrated that knockdown of ALKBH5 enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of LOVO and RKO in vitro, while overexpression of ALKBH5 inhibited the functions of these cells. The results also demonstrated that knockdown of ALKBH5 promoted subcutaneous tumorigenesis of LOVO in vivo, while overexpression of ALKBH5 suppressed this ability. Mechanistically, results from joint analyses of MeRIP‐seq and RNA‐seq indicated that PHF20 mRNA was a key molecule that was regulated by ALKBH5‐mediated m6A modification. Further experiments indicated that ALKBH5 may inhibit stability of PHF20 mRNA by removing the m6A modification of PHF20 mRNA 3′UTR.ConclusionsALKBH5 suppresses CRC progression by decreasing PHF20 mRNA methylation. ALKBH5‐mediated m6A modification of PHF20 mRNA can serve as a hopeful strategy for the intervention and treatment of CRC.
Earlier spring snowmelt drives arrowleaf balsamroot phenology in montane meadows
Authors: Durney J. Simone , Engel Arden , Debinski Diane M. , Burkle Laura A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClimate change is shifting phenology globally, altering when and how species respond to environmental cues such as temperature and the timing of snowmelt. These shifts may result in phenological mismatches among interacting species, creating cascading effects on community and ecosystem dynamics. Using passive warming structures and snow removal, we examined how experimentally increased temperatures, earlier spring snowmelt, and the poorly understood interaction between warming and earlier spring snowmelt affected flower onset, flowering duration, and maximum floral display of the spring‐flowering montane species, arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), over a 7‐year period. Additionally, potential cumulative effects of treatments were evaluated over the study duration. The combination of heating with snow removal led to earlier flower onset, extended flowering duration, and increased maximum floral display. While there was year‐to‐year variation in floral phenology, the effect of heating with snow removal on earlier onset and maximum floral display strengthened over time. This suggests that short‐term studies likely underestimate the potential for climate change to influence phenological plant traits. Overall, this research indicates that B. sagittata's flowering onset responded more strongly to snow removal than to heating, but the combination of heating with snow removal allowed plants to bloom earlier, longer, and more profusely, providing more pollinator resources in spring. If warming and early snowmelt cause similar responses in other plant species, these patterns could mitigate phenological mismatches with pollinators by providing a wider window of time for interaction and resiliency in the face of change. This example demonstrates that a detailed understanding of how spring‐flowering plants respond to specific aspects of predicted climatic scenarios will improve our understanding of the effects of climate change on native plant–pollinator interactions in montane ecosystems. Studies like this help elucidate the long‐term physiological effects of climate‐induced stressors on plant phenology in long‐lived forbs.
Dietary diversity of multiple shorebird species in an Asian subtropical wetland unveiled by DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Huang Pei‐Yu , Poon Emily Shui Kei , Chan Lai Ying , Chan David Tsz Chung , Huynh Stella , So Ivy Wai Yan , Sung Yik‐Hei , Sin Simon Yung Wa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobal declines in shorebird populations resulting from foraging habitat loss have been recently reported, and the situation within the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway (EAAF) is particularly concerning. Despite previous studies that analyzed the foraging niches of shorebirds worldwide, the dietary niche dynamics of shorebirds coexisting in Asia are very poorly understood. This study is therefore among the early few that aim to unveil the trophic organization of shorebirds in a subtropical wetland within the EAAF which is vital for species conservation. Our study first determined the dietary spectra of more than 10 shorebird species, such as Calidris ferruginea (near threatened), Charadrius leschenaultii, and Pluvialis squatarola, by applying DNA metabarcoding with 18S and COI markers to fecal DNA. The diet of Tringa stagnatilis was also characterized, which was previously undescribed. Shorebirds that occurred in the wetland consumed a variety of food items, primarily a high abundance of malacostracans, mollusks, annelids, insects, and some arachnids. Different proportions of plant materials were also detected in many shorebird species. Using the data, we then revealed clear patterns of inter‐ and intraspecific variations between these shorebirds. Importantly, we specifically compared the similarities of the spring diets among seven sympatric shorebird species. We found that the dietary compositions of the seven species have segregated from each other to varying levels, but the many similar taxa we identified in the diets among these shorebirds imply that these populations of shorebirds could be competing at different levels. Thus, any reductions in the abundance and diversity of these important food resources would likely intensify their inter‐ and intraspecific competition, and simultaneously threaten the survival of multiple species. With these findings, conservation measures must be taken to protect and monitor the vital food resources for these energy‐deprived shorebirds during migration.
Photophysical Properties and Single‐Molecule Magnet Behavior in Heterobimetallic 3d4 f Schiff Base Complexes
Authors: Chiboub Fellah Fatima Zohra , Pointillart Fabrice , Guizouarn Thierry , Roisnel Thierry , Dege Necmi , Chiboub Fellah Abdelghani , Hassaine Ridha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree new heterobimetallic Schiff base complexes of formula [(LZnCl)2Gd(H2O)](ZnCl4)0.5 (2), [(LZn(OH))(LZnCl)Sm(H2O)](ZnCl4)0.5 (3) and [(LZnCl0.5(OH)0.5)(LZnCl)Dy(H2O)](ZnCl4)0.5 (4) were designed from the reaction of the metallo‐ligand ZnL (1) (H2L=N, N′‐bis(3‐methoxysalicylaldiimine)‐1,3‐propylene‐2‐ol) and lanthanide salt in a ratio 1 to 1. The crystallographic structures of 2–4 were resolved by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Light irradiation allowed the observation of a broad emission centered on the organic ligand which is exalted upon Zn(II) coordination. 1 is able to act as a metallo‐organic chromophore for the sensitization of the Sm(III) luminescence. Finally the Dy(III) derivative displayed Single‐Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior with an opening of the hysteresis loop up to 5 K and a magnetic relaxation operating through Orbach, Raman and Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetization (QTM) at 0 Oe while under an applied magnetic field the QTM is efficiently cancelled.
Political parties' framing of farm animal welfare: A fragmented picture
Authors: Hårstad Renate M. B. , Vik Jostein 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, we draw from qualitative interviews with political parties' representatives and a content analysis of party programs to identify how political parties frame animal welfare policies in Norway. In analyzing the framing of animal welfare and its significance for understanding agricultural post‐exceptionalism, we found that though they frame animal welfare issues in conflicting ways, most see Norwegian animal welfare as reasonably good but perceive potential for improvement. They also generally understand societal claims as lacking or having an unclear factual basis, which has legitimized their nonaction as political parties. Even so, because of active new actors such as animal welfare organizations and retailers, the parties do not believe that public pressure will wane. Although introducing new farm animal welfare policies can represent a move towards post‐exceptionalism in Europe's agri‐food sector, the discourse on animal welfare policies amongst political parties implies that such is not the case in Norway.
The silent crisis of child abuse in the COVID‐19 pandemic: A scoping review
Authors: Karbasi Zahra , Safdari Reza , Eslami Parisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe global outbreak of COVID‐19 has become an international concern. The lives of children are severely affected by COVID‐19 pandemic. There is evidence of a pandemic impact on violence against children. This scoping review study aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on child abuse.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to retrieve related studies. Regarding the recent incident of COVID‐19, the articles were reviewed from 2019 to June 1, 2021. The terms Child abuse and COVID‐19 were used in the precise search technique of each database. The search techniques were created to work with any scientific database that used the keywords given.ResultsIn the initial search of scientific databases, 568 articles were retrieved. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria during the screening process, 16 papers were included in the scoping review. Twelve articles have mentioned the increase of physical, psychological, and neglect types of abuse. However, sexual violence has not been reported in any of the articles. Four articles reported a reduction in the incidence of child abuse.ConclusionDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, a crisis occurred in the form of an upsurge in violence toward children, since limits made to diminish the virus, in general, increased the danger to children. Numerous factors such as stress, poverty, financial situation, history of violence, school closures, and lack of contact with support organizations contribute to this phenomenon. Social action and support needed is the right of every child in need in this critical situation.
Stem cell genes in atheromatosis: The role of Klotho, HIF1α, OCT4, and BMP4
Authors: Mylonas Konstantinos S. , Karangelis Dimos , Androutsopoulou Vasiliki , Chalikias George , Tziakas Dimitrios , Mikroulis Dimitrios , Iliopoulos Dimitrios C. , Nikiteas Nikolaos , Schizas Dimitrios 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring fetal development, shear stress regulates several aspects of vascular development. Alterations in signaling pathways due to disturbed flow in atheroprone regions closely mirror phenomena seen during embryogenesis. This flow‐dependent dysregulation of developmental genes appears to promote atherogenesis by mediating inflammatory phenomena, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cell migration, and oxidative stress. Indeed, several stem cell genes have been implicated in vascular health and atheromatosis. Klotho is key in maintaining endothelial integrity, reducing oxidative stress, and sustaining endothelial nitric oxide production. In atherosclerotic lesions, OCT4 mediates the conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells from contractile to a de‐dedifferentiated proliferative phenotype with phagocytic ability. HIF1α drives atherosclerotic plaque progression by promoting intraplaque angiogenesis. BMP4 promotes osteochondrogenic development and arterial calcification. Strategic extracellular matrix changes are also seen during the various phases of atherosclerosis. The aforementioned conceptual framework explains how proatherogenic inflammation develops in response to low shear stress. In the present review, we explored the effect of cardinal atheroprotective (Klotho, OCT4) and proatherogenic (HIF1α, BMP4) genes in mediating proatherogenic inflammation.
Impact of solid lipid nanoparticles on 3T3 fibroblasts viability and lipid profile: The effect of curcumin and resveratrol loading
Authors: Rosa Antonella , Nieddu Mariella , Pitzanti Giulia , Pireddu Rosa , Lai Francesco , Cardia Maria Cristina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study focused on the impact in 3T3 fibroblasts of several types of empty and curcumin‐ and resveratrol‐loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on cell viability and lipid metabolism in relation to their lipid content and encapsulated drug. SLN, prepared by hot homogenization/ultrasonication, were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. Compritol® 888 ATO at different concentrations (4%, 5%, and 6% wt/wt) was chosen as lipid matrix while Poloxamer 188 (from 2.2% to 3.3% wt/wt) and Transcutol (TRC; 2% or 4%) were added as nanoparticle excipients. Prepared SLN were able to encapsulate high drug amount (encapsulation efficiency percentage of about 97–99%). All empty SLN did not show cytotoxicity (by MTT assay, at 24 h of incubation) in 3T3 cells independently of the lipid and TRC amount, while a viability reduction in the range 5–11% and 12–27% was observed in 3T3 cells treated with curcumin‐loaded and resveratrol‐loaded SLN, respectively. SLN without TRC did not affect cell lipid metabolism, independently from the lipid content. Empty and loaded SLN formulated with 4% of Compritol and 4% of TRC significantly affected, after 24 h of incubation at the dose of 5 μl/ml, cell polar lipids (phospholipids and free cholesterol) and fatty acid profile, with respect to control cells. Loaded compounds significantly modulated the impact of the corresponding empty formulation on cell lipids. Therefore, the combined impact on lipid metabolism of SLN and loaded drug should be taken in consideration in the evaluation of the toxicity, potential application, and therapeutic effects of new formulations.
River metabolic fingerprints and regimes reveal ecosystem responses to enhanced wastewater treatment
Authors: Jarvie Helen P. , Macrae Merrin L. , Anderson Mark , Celmer‐Repin Dominika , Plach Janina , King Stephen M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough many studies have examined how improvements in wastewater treatment impact river nutrient concentrations and loads, there has been much less focus on measuring river metabolism to evaluate the wider aquatic ecosystem benefits of reducing nutrient inputs to rivers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of enhanced wastewater treatment (nitrification) on river metabolism in the Grand River, Canada's largest river draining into Lake Erie. Metabolic fingerprints and regimes (calculated from high‐frequency dissolved oxygen [DO] measurements) were used to visualize whole‐river ecosystem functional responses to these wastewater treatment upgrades. There was a 60% reduction in ecosystem respiration during summer, in response to reductions in effluent total ammonia inputs, causing a shift from net heterotrophy to net autotrophy, and contraction of river metabolic fingerprints. This resulted in major improvements in summer DO concentrations, with reductions in the percentage of days during summer that DO minima fell below water‐quality guidelines for protection of aquatic early life stages, from 88% to ≤16%. The results also point to potential cascading impacts on coupled phosphorus and nitrogen cycles, which may generate further improvements in river water quality. During the summer, high rates of river metabolism and nutrient retention may result in measured water‐column nutrient concentrations potentially underestimating nutrient pressures. This study also demonstrates the value of combining river metabolism with nutrient monitoring for a more holistic understanding of the role of nutrients in river ecosystem health and function.