bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biotechnological studies on Arthrospira platensis biomass cultivated in enriched culture with chelated leather waste and chelated glycinate
Authors: Jacob Rania H. , Afify Adel S. , Shanab Sanaa M. M. , Shalaby Emad A. , Hafez Rehab M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current work aims to evaluate the growth rate, molecular patterns and biological activities of Arthrospira platensis cultivated in culture enriched with different chelated minerals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Mg) of leather protein hydrolysates (LPHs) and glycine in addition to determine the phytochemical contents of Arthrospira platensis cultivated in modified Zarrouk medium. Also, the work study the protein profile with molecular variations (using SDS-PAGE, Comet assay, and SCOT-PCR) in collected biomasses when compared with control (cyanobacteria cultivated in Zarrouk medium). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and mineral content of each treatment were also determined. The obtained Results showed that a significant increment of growth rate of A. platensis in glycinate treatments was observed especially with Cu-glycinate more than control medium. Additionally, T11 has high O.D. than other chelated minerals but control medium had the highest O.D. than LW-chelated minerals. All A. platensis treated with the glycine-chelates possessed both conserved and additional proteins in their SDS-PAGE banding patterns. Moreover, A. platensis treated by chelated minerals with leather waste hydrolysate induced high discrimination than their analogues chelated with glycine. Six ScoT primers were applied and produced 323 amplicons with an average of 68% polymorphism/primer. SDS and Scot dendrogram revealed that among all treatments, control and Mg-glycine-chelated treatment were closely related. All A. platensis samples treated by chelated minerals with leather waste hydrolysate possessed more polymorphic bands than monomorphic ones (either as proteins or DNA), despite that no significant DNA damage (as % tDNA) was detected on A. platensis treated with either chelated treatment.
Study of the relation between plasma level of von Willebrand factor and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kassab Heba Sadek , Morsy Eman Youssif , Abdirahman Abdiwahab Noor , Amin Noha Gaber 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major preventable health complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Hyperglycemia represents the main mechanism in the pathogenesis of DR leading eventually to endothelial dysfunction. vWF is a marker of endothelial dysfunction, but its relation to DR is not yet well-established.

Methods
The present study included 60 patients with T2DM divided into three equal groups according to the presence and the stage of retinopathy. Each patient was subjected to full history taking, physical examination including fundus examination, and laboratory investigations including glycemic and lipid profile, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), and plasma vWF level.

Results
Plasma vWF was significantly higher in patients with DR than in patients without retinopathy. vWF was positively correlated to age, HbA1c, diabetes duration, and UACR in DR groups and the total sample. Univariate regression analysis revealed that HbA1c, vWF, BMI, diabetes duration, and UACR were independent risk factors for DR, while multivariate regression analysis showed none of them to be an independent risk factor for DR. A vWF cut-off value of > 180 could differentiate patients with DR from patients without DR with a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 75%, and AUC 0.937*.

Conclusions
vWF level is higher in patients with DR reflecting the role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of DR. Moreover, it is one of the risk factors affecting DR in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. A cut-off value of vWF level was set to differentiate between patients with and without DR.
Carascynol A, a hybrid of caryophyllane-type terpenoid and a C6 unit degraded by polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum ascyron
Authors: Hu Ya-Li , Li Xing-Ren , Xu Gang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Carascynol A, an unprecedented 4/9/8 ring system hybrid with a peroxide bridge, was characterized from Hypericum ascyron. The architecture contains a caryophyllane-type moiety and a C6 unit derived from polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols. Its structure and absolute configuration were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data. Biologically, compound 1 inhibited cell proliferation in LoVo, SW480, and HCT116 cell lines (IC50 = 12.30–24.57 µM).

Graphical Abstract
Toward Interoperable Multi-hazard Modeling: A Disaster Management System for Disaster Model Service Chain
Authors: Jiang Wenyu , Wang Fei , Zheng Xiaocui , Zheng Xinxin , Qiao Xiaohui , Li Xin , Meng Qingxiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA natural hazard-related disaster event often causes a series of secondary disasters, forming a disaster chain. Modeling the evolution of disaster chains in multi-hazard scenarios is crucial for risk governance and urban resilience. However, existing multi-hazard models are limited by complex model design and fixed disaster types, making it impossible to ensure flexible reactions to complex and diverse scenarios. This study presents a disaster management system for disaster model service chain (DMSC) to implement interoperable multi-hazard modeling. To achieve efficient model interaction in the DMSC, a management module is designed to normalize heterogeneous single-hazard models based on disaster system theory and the Open Geospatial Consortium standards, enabling them to be accessible, reusable, and interoperable. The normalized models are then adaptively orchestrated through an orchestration module to establish optimal executable DMSCs for different multi-hazard scenarios. Taking an earthquake disaster chain as a case study, we demonstrate that the disaster management system shows stable and flexible performance for multi-hazard modeling.
Application of geothermometric and hydrochemical methods to the investigation of thermal water of sources in the Northeastern of Algeria case of Setif city
Authors: Samir Djemmal , Khemissi Chamekh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermal water in northeastern Algeria (Setif) is a promising, sustainable resource of energy. To date, thermal water has not been used as a source of renewable energy in Algeria as no clear strategy has yet been developed for its use. In this study, eight samples of thermal water springs distributed within the area of Setif city were assessed, and their physical and chemical parameters (such as temperature, potential of hydrogen, electrical conductivity, and major ionic composition, including the K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42− and HCO3−) were measured. The results show that the temperature, potential of hydrogen and the electrical conductivity range between 30 and 52 °C (as measured in field), 6.92 and 7.35, and 1170 and 3160 µS/cm, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicate the existence of four hydrogeochemical facies dominating the hydrogeological system, which are SO4–Ca, Na–SO4, HCO3–Na and Cl–Na. The interaction with Jurassic limestone and the existence of evaporates along the upwelling system, respectively, control this. Due to the high variation of temperature, different geothermometers were used to estimate the geothermal reservoir temperature, the application of silica geothermometer (Quartz), because it is the most suitable in our case, gives temperatures estimated at the origin of the order of 80° C. It is higher than that measured at emergence, it reflects an average dissipation of 48° C. According to an analysis of these findings and the geothermal gradient in the area, two aquifer systems of the thermal complex are supplied by a reservoir that is stored in fissured Jurassic limestone that is more than 2600 m deep.
Left by the left? The politics of poverty alleviation
Authors: Lierse Hanna , Seelkopf Laura 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch shows that low-income groups are increasingly left behind economically and excluded from the policy-making process of advanced democratic societies. This suggests that governments do not sufficiently address the needs of the poor. In this article, we explore to what extent labour power positively influences redistribution and policies for society overall and for the poor in specific. Following standard political economy arguments, a powerful working class leads to more egalitarian forms of capitalism as they are the main beneficiaries from redistribution. But do social-democratic parties and trade unions also represent the poorest in society, those who participate less in political decision-making and whose jobs are often not covered by collective bargaining agreements? Using comparative time-series data for 23 OECD countries since the 1980s, the findings suggest a positive role of the Left, at least for trade unions on poverty reduction, but less for specific policies benefiting the poor.
Por dentro da Engesa-Engenheiros Especializados, 1974–1990: Armas, negócios e inserção internacional de uma empresa brasileira
Authors: Domínguez Avila Carlos Federico 
Published: November 2022

ResumoO artigo examina a ascensão e a queda da empresa Engesa-Engenheiros Especializados, especialmente entre 1974 e 1990. O artigo é resultado de pesquisa com fontes documentais recentemente desclassificadas pelo Arquivo Nacional. A documentação consultada sugere que, na fase de ascensão, a Engesa foi impulsionada por uma eficiente vinculação entre indústria de defesa, exportação de armamento e política externa brasileira, principalmente durante os governos burocrático-autoritários de Ernesto Geisel e João Figueiredo. Entretanto, fragilidades financeiras e administrativas, junto a uma infrutuosa e dispendiosa tentativa de salto tecnológico, acabaram colocando a empresa em uma situação insustentável, conduzindo finalmente à sua queda e falência no início da década de 1990. A experiência da Engesa constitui um exemplo significativo nas pesquisas sobre inovação tecnológica, estudos estratégicos e relações internacionais.
Stimulated political decisions: local leadership turnover and firm subsidies in China
Authors: Hou Yue , Li Siyao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHow do politicians distribute government resources in regimes with no electoral considerations? We propose that new politicians minimize political risks by favoring politically important actors: state-owned enterprises (SOEs), but they adjust their behavior as they establish personal ties with private businesses. Using firm-level subsidies data after the 2008 stimulus in China, we find that new provincial governors, immediately after taking office, distribute a significantly larger proportion of subsidies to SOEs relative to private firms. The effect attenuates as new governors learn about local conditions and establish connections with private firms. We find suggestive evidence that governors who adopt such a strategy are more likely to be promoted. Contrary to conventional wisdom that the state always favors state-owned firms, we show that SOEs benefit from the stimulus packageonlyin the short-run.
A hydraulic actuator for joint robots with higher torque to weight ratio
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Cong Dacheng , Yang Yu , Yang ZhiDong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJoint actuators with a compact size and high power density are necessary for robots with rotating joints, making the hydraulic actuator (HyA) an ideal actuator candidate. This paper presents a joint HyA with the following characteristics: compact installation size of 70 mm × 92.5 mm × 145 mm, low weight of 1.93 kg, high output torque of 742.2 Nm/531.09 Nm in two directions under 210 bar, high torque to weight ratio of 265.5 Nm/kg, low internal leakage of about 9 mL/min, zero external leakage, low starting pressure of 0.26 MPa/0.39 MPa in two directions, and a large rotation angle of 135 degrees. Compared with HyAs that have been applied in robot joints, the HyA proposed in this paper can greatly reduce the joint weight, reduce the joint size, and ensure the control performance of the joint movement.In addition, a dynamic model of the HyA is established. Based on this, some dynamic design suggestions are given. Furthermore, a simple position and torque control algorithm for the HyA is proposed. Finally, some experiments are carried out to verify the performance of the HyA.
Partial replacement of red and processed meat with legumes: a modelling study of the impact on nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy on the population level
Authors: Kaartinen Niina E , Tapanainen Heli , Maukonen Mirkka , Päivärinta Essi , Valsta Liisa M , Itkonen Suvi T , Pajari Anne-Maria , Männistö Satu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjective:The shift towards plant-based diets with less meat and more legumes is a global target and requires an understanding of the consequences of dietary adequacy on the population level. Our aim was to model the impact of partial replacement of red and processed meat with legumes on nutrient intakes and population shares below dietary reference intakes.Design:Modelling study with three scenarios anchored in meat cut-offs: ≤ 70 g/d (Finnish dietary guideline); ≤ 50 g/d (Danish dietary guideline); ≤ 30 g/d (EAT-Lancet recommendation). In all subjects, the amount of meat in grams over the cut-off was replaced with the same amount of legumes. The SPADE method was used to model usual intake distributions. Meaningful differences in average intakes and in population shares below dietary reference intakes compared to the reference (FinDiet) were evaluated based on non-overlapping 95 % CI.Setting:Finnish national food consumption survey (FinDiet 2017).Subjects:Finnish adults (n 1655) aged18–74 years (47 % men).Results:The scenarios introduced increases in the average intakes of fibre, folate, K, Mg, Cu and Fe, and decreases in intakes of saturated fat, niacin, vitamin B12, Se and Zn. Meaningful shifts of the usual intake distributions of fibre and folate towards improvement in intakes emerged already in ‘scenario 70 g’. Overall, distribution shifts towards a higher probability of inadequate intakes of the studied nutrients were not observed.Conclusions:These results support the public health message to partly replace meat with legumes and may benefit nutrition policy actions towards sustainable diets in the Nordic countries and beyond.
The remains of a large cercopithecid from the Lower Pleistocene locality of Karnezeika (southern Greece)
Authors: SIANIS Panagiotis D. , ATHANASSIOU Αthanassios , KOSTOPOULOS Dimitris S. , ROUSSIAKIS Socrates , KARGOPOULOS Nikolaos , ILIOPOULOS George 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe Lower Pleistocene Karnezeika locality, lies in the Peloponnese, southern Greece, and its fauna corresponds to the Middle Villafranchian biochronological unit (MN17). The recovered mammal assemblage includes, among others, a few remains of a large Cercopithecid. Herein, we describe this material, including an upper second molar, a partially preserved proximal radius and, possibly, an upper first incisor. The teeth show advanced stages of wear but retain their typical papionin characters, such as a strong lingual cleft and four bilophodont cusps in the molar. The general morphology and wear pattern of the teeth rules out the possibility that the remains belong to the genus Theropithecus, while the general size of the corresponding material excludes the possibility of a Macaca representative as well. On the contrary, the studied material better fits the size range of Paradolichopithecus. Even though this genus is likely represented in the Villafranchian of Europe by a single species, Par. arvernensis, the scarcity of the studied material imposes reservations and thus the Karnezeika papionin is referred at the moment to cf. Paradolichopithecus sp. As in the rest of Europe, the Paradolichopithecus record is rare in Greece, having been found in only two localities, Vatera and Dafnero. Despite its scarcity, the new material from Karnezeika indicates a wide distribution of this important taxon in the Greek peninsula.
The risks of autonomous weapons: An analysis centred on the rights of persons with disabilities
Authors: Díaz Figueroa Mariana , Henao Orozco Anderson , Martínez Jesús , Muñoz Jaime Wanda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAutonomous weapons systems have been the subject of heated debate since 2010, when Philip Alston, then Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary, or Arbitrary Executions, brought the issue to the international spotlight in his interim report to the United Nations (UN) General Assembly 65th Session. Alston affirmed that “automated technologies are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and artificial intelligence reasoning and decision-making abilities are actively being researched and receive significant funding. States’ militaries and defence industry developers are working to develop ‘fully autonomous capability’, such that technological advances in artificial intelligence will enable unmanned aerial vehicles to make and execute complex decisions, including the identification of human targets and the ability to kill them.”1 Later, in 2013, Christof Heyns, who was Special Rapporteur for Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions at the time, published a report that elaborated further on the issues raised by what he called “lethal autonomous robotics”.2 Following a recommendation by Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters at the UN General Assembly 68th Session, the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, as amended on 21 December 2021, started discussing autonomous weapons systems in 2014. Then, the Group of Governmental Experts on Emerging Technologies in the Area of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (GGE on LAWS)3 was created in 2016 to focus on this issue.4 While the group has kept meeting since then, no clear steps have been taken yet towards a normative framework on autonomous weapons as of September 2022.In all these years, persons with disabilities – including conflict survivors – have not been included in discussions, nor has the disability perspective been reflected in international debate on autonomous weapons. Only recently has there been any effort to consider the rights of persons with disabilities when examining ethical questions related to artificial intelligence (AI). In this article, we will examine how and why autonomous weapons have a disproportionate impact on persons with disabilities, because of the discrimination that results from a combination of factors such as bias in AI, bias in the military and the police, barriers to justice and humanitarian assistance in situations of armed conflict, and the lack of consultation and participation of persons with disabilities and their representative organizations on issues related to autonomy in weapons systems.
A Tsunami Generated by a Strike‐Slip Event: Constraints From GPS and SAR Data on the 2018 Palu Earthquake
Authors: Simons Wim , Broerse Taco , Shen Lin , Kleptsova Olga , Nijholt Nicolai , Hooper Andrew , Pietrzak Julie , Morishita Yu , Naeije Marc , Lhermitte Stef , Herman Matthew , Sarsito Dina Anggreni , Efendi Joni , Sofian  , Govers Rob , Vigny Christophe , Abidin Hasanuddin Zainal , Pramono Gatot Haryo , Nugroho Cahyo , Visser Pieter , Riva Riccardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA devastating tsunami struck Palu Bay in the wake of the 28 September 2018 Mw = 7.5 Palu earthquake (Sulawesi, Indonesia). With a predominantly strike‐slip mechanism, the question remains whether this unexpected tsunami was generated by the earthquake itself, or rather by earthquake‐induced landslides. In this study we examine the tsunami potential of the co‐seismic deformation. To this end, we present a novel geodetic data set of Global Positioning System and multiple Synthetic Aperture Radar‐derived displacement fields to estimate a 3D co‐seismic surface deformation field. The data reveal a number of fault bends, conforming to our interpretation of the tectonic setting as a transtensional basin. Using a Bayesian framework, we provide robust finite fault solutions of the co‐seismic slip distribution, incorporating several scenarios of tectonically feasible fault orientations below the bay. These finite fault scenarios involve large co‐seismic uplift (>2 m) below the bay due to thrusting on a restraining fault bend that connects the offshore continuation of two parallel onshore fault segments. With the co‐seismic displacement estimates as input we simulate a number of tsunami cases. For most locations for which video‐derived tsunami waveforms are available our models provide a qualitative fit to leading wave arrival times and polarity. The modeled tsunamis explain most of the observed runup. We conclude that co‐seismic deformation was the main driver behind the tsunami that followed the Palu earthquake. Our unique geodetic data set constrains vertical motions of the sea floor, and sheds new light on the tsunamigenesis of strike‐slip faults in transtensional basins.
Comparison of lithium levels between suicide and non-suicide fatalities: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Ando Shuntaro , Suzuki Hideto , Matsukawa Takehisa , Usami Satoshi , Muramatsu Hisanori , Fukunaga Tatsushige , Yokoyama Kazuhito , Okazaki Yuji , Nishida Atsushi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEcological studies have suggested the protective effect of micro-dose lithium in drinking water against suicide, however, the association between body lithium level and suicide is unknown. We aimed to compare body lithium levels between suicide and non-suicide fatalities. This cross-sectional study included 12 suicides and 16 non-suicides who were examined or dissected at the Tokyo Medical Examiner’s Office from March 2018 to June 2021. The aqueous humor lithium concentration was measured twice using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the lithium concentration between suicides and non-suicides. Mixed-effects model was conducted to account for all lithium concentration data. The aqueous humor lithium concentration did not change after death (t(7) = −0.70, $$\bar v = - 0.02$$

v

¯

=
−
0.02

, SE = 0.03, 95% CI = [−0.09, 0.05], P = 0.51, Cohen’s d = 0.01). The aqueous humor lithium concentration was lower in suicides (mean 0.50 μg/L (variance s2 0.04)) than in non-suicides (mean 0.92 μg/L (s2 0.07)) (t(26) = 4.47, $$\bar v = 0.42$$

v

¯

=
0.42

, SE = 0.09, 95% CI = [0.22 to 0.61], P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.71). The ANCOVA showed that death by suicide was significantly associated with lower lithium concentration (F(1, 24) = 8.57, P = 0.007), and the effect size was large (ηp2 = 0.26). The random intercept model showed a significant effect of suicide on aqueous humor lithium concentration (b = −0.261, SE = 0.102, 95% CI = [−0.471 to −0.051], t(24) = −2.568, P = 0.017). The results of this study demonstrate that even micro-dose lithium is associated with suicide death. Clinical studies are warranted to examine the effects of micro-dose lithium on suicide prevention.