bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision medicine in psychosis: Translating findings from research into clinical practice
Authors: Galderisi S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract Body
Precision medicine is “an emerging approach for treatment and prevention that takes into account each person’s variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle” [1]. The terminology is increasingly used in psychiatry, and especially in research relevant to the prediction of psychosis onset, response to treatment and functional outcome. While this is an important step-forward for the discipline, at this stage it is very important to promote the translation of research findings into clinical practice, as much as possible. Nowadays the availability of machine learning and artificial intelligence tools, together with advances in data storage and data security, enable the integration of neuroimaging, biological, clinical and cognitive data. By overcoming current limitations in multiple domain data analysis these tools may lead to the identification of reliable diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic markers in routine clinical care, as well as to the prediction of clinically meaningful outcomes (e.g., psychosis onset, symptomatic and functional outcome, and treatment response). Precision medicine in psychiatry is a developing science, deserving further large-scale research, translational approaches and refinement that, hopefully, will soon be an integral part of every-day clinical practice. However, challenges in pursuing this strategy should not be underestimated, and efforts should be made to constantly advocate for more investments in human and financial resources in psychiatry, and to concentrate on the use of widely available and not too expensive and time-consuming methods.1 Toward Precision Medicine. Building a Knowledge Network for Biomedical Research and a New Taxonomy of Disease. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2011.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Approbation of body investment scale on youth sample in Azerbaijan
Authors: Ryzhov A. , Abanina N. , Sokolova E. , Pechnikova L. , Korneev A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBody attitudes may serve as both vulnerability and protective factors for various forms of emotional and behavioral disorders, including suicidal and self-harm behaviors in adolescent and youth populations. Body Investment Scale (BIS, Orbach & Mikulincer, 1998) is an instrument specially designed to account for body attitudes in suicide assessment.ObjectivesThe study was aimed to provide a preliminary evidence for using the BIS translation in the assessment of suicide risk factors in Russian-speaking student population in Azerbaijan.Methods
The common recommendations for test translation were used. The factor structure, inter-item consistency of scales, and retest reliability were assessed. The participants were 100 students (18-23 years, 40 females, 60 males), 50 of them completed the retest.ResultsThe exploratory factor analysis with fixed number of factors reveals a homologous structure to the original BIS scales, explaining 48.2% of variance (in comparison to 55% of original measure). Inter-item reliability coefficients were lower: .989 for Body attitude, .696 for comfort with touch, .65 for Care and .61 for Protection scales. Pearson’s r for retest reliability (in a month) were above 0.9. Three items that could be excluded for enhancing the consistency of scales address physical contact and self-harm issues and might be culturally inappropriate.ConclusionsBIS is a promising instrument due to its grounded factor structure, but refinement of some items of the Russian translation is desired, as well as further study of applicability for adolescent population. BIS could fill the gap in scarcity of instruments for suicide assessment for Russian speaking population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Title: Haematological disorders revealing a raticide suicide attempt: A case report
Authors: Messedi N. , Abid W. , Krichen I. , Frikha I. , Ouali R. , Halouani N. , Kallel C. , Aloulou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSuicide attempts are common in individuals with schizophrenia. These actions are marked by a greater lethality, due to the use of more violent means in particular the intentional ingestion of rodenticides.ObjectivesTo describe the gravity of the heamatological disorders revealing suicide attempts by a rodenticides in patient with schizophrénia.MethodsWe repport the case of a patient who present a haematological disorders after an rodenticide intoxication.ResultsA 41-year-old man with schizophrénia since 2011 was brought to the department of psychiatry in july 2020 for behavioral disorders. On arrival, the patient was oriented but reticent and refuse to tell his full story. On examination, his vital signs were normals, and he did not show any externalized bleeding. Bilogical tests revealed the prothrombin time (PT) was <10% with an isolated and unexplained fall in vitamin K-factors. The etiological investigation was negative. Later,the patient admitted attempted suicide by taken 4 rodenticide packages orally three days prior admission to hospital. The initial treatment with intravenous vitamin K almost daily is effective. An improvement in PT (35%) and vitamin K-dependent factors was observed after one week of treatment. A Normalization of hemostasis disorders was obtained after two weeks of treatment.ConclusionsIt is imperative to suspect rodenticide intoxication in patient with scizophrenia with an isolated and an explained deficiency of vitamin K dependent factors. The particularity of this intoxication lies in the dangerous and prolonged side effects making the curative treatment difficult and long.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Https://cpaper.ctimeetingtech.com/epa21/submission/edit
Authors: Alonzo D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDuring the last 15 years, an ideation-to-action framework has been proposed that has prompted the development of several models that account for the transition from ideator to attempter. Previous research on one such model, the Integrated Motivational Volitional Model of Suicide (IMV), suggests it accurately distinguishes between suicide ideators and attempters. However, no study has examined the utility of the model with a psychiatric sample of depressed suicide ideators and attempters.ObjectivesTo address this gap in previous research, this study examines the ability of the IMV to distinguish between depressed adult suicide ideators with and without a history of suicide attempt presenting to the emergency department.MethodsAfter providing informed consent and with the approval of the appropriate institutional review board, 68 adults presenting to the Emergency Department were recruited to participate in the study. Ideators and attempers were compared on sociodemographics, severity of depression/hopelessness/current suicide ideation, and volitional factors including, access, planning, exposure to family suicide, impulsivity, pain tolerance, fearlessness about death, and mental imagery of death. Group differences were evaluated using chi-square and t-tests. Multivariate group analyses were performed using logistic regression.ResultsOf the regression analysis indicate that fearfulness about death significantly predicts suicide attempt history (OR=10.560, p=.05). Ethnicity was also found to significantly predict suicide attempt history (OR=0.67, p=.006). No other sociodemographic variables or volitional moderators were significant.ConclusionsResults of this study contribute to improving accuracy in this area and suggest that fearlessness about death should be routinely included in comprehensive suicide risk assessments.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neuroimaging correlates of suicidal behavior in dementia
Authors: Mudrenko I. , Kolenko O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAt pathomorphological research of suicides reveal neurogenerative changes, which determines the relevance of the search for neuroimaging predictors (suicidal behavior) SB in dementia.ObjectivesTo study predictors of SB (in dementia, due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular (VD), mixed (MD) based on neuroimaging research.MethodsWe examined 213 patients with dementia in АD, VD, MD on a CT, which were divided by the factor of the presence of SB into the main and control groups.ResultsAt patients with SB at AD expansion of basal cistern is revealed of the brain (59%), but signs of chronic ischemia in the form of a decrease in the density of brain matter in the projection of the basal ganglia and white matter (67%), dilation of the ventricular system of the brain (51%), more typical for patients without SB. At VD with SB periventricular leukoareosis (67%), expansion of subarachnoid spaces (82%) and deepening of cracks of a brain (67%) are found. Patients without SB were characterized by a decrease in the density of brain matter in the projection of the white matter (73%). At MD with SB expansion of subarachnoid spaces (100%), basal cistern of a brain (87%), periventricular leukoareosis (87%), decrease in density of substance in the brain were registered in the projection of the basal ganglia (100%). Patients without SB with MD had deepening of the brain slits (40%).ConclusionsNeuroimaging signs in the form of chronic ischemia and pronounced atrophic changes in the brain are factors in the anti-risk of SB in dementia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Frequency and correlates of suicidal ideation in preoperative cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Nikolaeva O. , Nikolaev E. , Hartfelder D. , Lazareva E. , Petunova S. , Grigorieva N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDepressive disorders are common for cardiac patients; however, a surgical intervention enhances their distress. How typical is suicidal ideation for cardiac surgery patients and with what clinical and psychological signs does it correlate?ObjectivesTo estimate the frequency of suicidal ideation and correlations between suicidal ideation, clinical and psychological manifestations in cardiac surgery patients.MethodsWe examined 60 cardiac surgery patients, aged 25 – 65, prior to their operation. The Pierson correlation between manifestation of suicidal ideation, clinical and psychological signs was calculated with p<0.05.Results
We revealed suicidal ideation in 3.33% of cardiac surgery patients. Its intensity credibly correlated with the frequency of taking alcohol (r=.32), as well as with manifestation of dysorexia (r=.59), dissatisfaction with life (r=.53), general level of depression (r=.49), sleeping disorders (r=.44), sense of guilt (r=.43), asthenia (r=.31), self-abhorrence (r=.29), and irritability(r=.29). A higher level of suicidal ideation correlated with a lower index of Positive-Past in their personal time perspective (r=-.27), which revealed itself in a patient having lack of positive impressions and recollections of their past life, which reduced a person’s adaptability in the present.ConclusionsThe frequency of suicidal ideation in preoperative cardiac surgery patients is not high. Nevertheless, we should bear in mind that high suicidal risk is characteristic for patients with not only depression, but also alcohol problems, as well as for those who have manifestations of negative attitude to their past.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bridging the treatment gap in India: Online training of psychologists in basic mental health services
Authors: Kapanee A. , Sudhir P. , Suman L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe National Mental Health Survey of India 2015-16 (Gururaj et al., 2016) indicated a large treatment gap of 70-92% for mental disorders and a paucity of mental health specialists in the country. In order to address this treatment gap and develop human resources, the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India, with impetus from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, launched the online course of Diploma in Community Mental Health for Psychologists.ObjectivesThe course was designed with the objective of training individuals with a Master’s Degree in Psychology, in providing first-level psychological care in the community.MethodsThe course is a 3-month online programme comprising of approximately 25 hours of self-paced e-learning and 11 hours of live real-time interactive discussion via video conference. The course comprises of 6 modules, with an assessment at the completion of each module. Pre- and Post-Assessment is conducted to evaluate competencies achieved.ResultsOn successful completion of the course, trainees are expected to have achieved competencies to: Screen for and identify mental health problems in adults and children, and understand factors influencing them; Understand management options; Conduct interview-based functional developmental assessment for intellectual deficits; Conduct first-level brief psychosocial interventions; Make appropriate referrals to Mental Health Professionals and other health professionals.ConclusionsThis digitally-driven online course is a viable option for development of human resources on a large scale, in a resource-scarce (i.e. of mental health specialists) country such as India.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Intimate partner violence and self-esteem
Authors: Dhouib H. , Omri S. , Daoud M. , Amar W. Ben , Smaoui N. , Feki R. , Bouali M. Maalej , Charfi N. , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) can be devastating on women’s psychology. Moreover, IPV may destroy women’s self-esteem and self-identity.ObjectivesTo identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with IPV and to assess self-esteem among women victims of IPV.MethodsIt was a descriptive and analytical study over a period of 03 months from June 1st to August 31st, 2018 including all cases IPV female victims in forensic department at Habib BOURGUIBA University Hospital, Sfax. In addition to epidemiological data, Rosenberg scale were used to assess the victim’s self-esteem.Results
Among 142 female IPV victims, only 60 (22.3%) agreed to answer our questionnaire. Their median age was 33.5 years (27-41 years). Victims did not pass high school in 61.7% of cases and they were unemployed in 53.3% of cases. Most women got married at 23 years-old (20-26). The average length of marriage was 7 years (3-14 years). Bruises and abrasions were the most frequent lesions (58.3% and 56.7% of cases). Rosenberg Scale score’s mean was 28.3 ± 4.3. Self-esteem was low or very low among 70% of victims.ConclusionsFemale victims of IPV do not have a specific profile and low self-esteem is quite common among them. Additional research is needed to better understand the extent of the problem and to develop more effective reporting methods.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Prevention of the first episode of psychosis: What have we reached by 2021?
Authors: Rojnic-Kuzman M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyPrevention of the First Episode of Psychosis: What Have we Reached by 2021? The first episode of psychosis is usually preceded by a prodromal period or stage of psychosis, where early signs of symptoms indicating onset of first episode psychosis (FEP) occur. In the last twenty years, enormous progress was made in the tretment of FEP and subsequently schizophrenia, as the focus of treatment of FEP shifted to this prodromal period with the aim of preventing the first episode of psychosis in people at risk.Treatment for the prodromal stage of psychosis is provided within specialized early intervention services, which are somtimes part of the services for the treatment of FEP. Early intervention services, which have been gradually developed in many countries worldwide, usually incorporate multimodal treatment approaches (pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions). However, there are still many differences in the treatment of prodromes across early intervention services, even within one country, leaving open the questions on what kind or combinations of treatments really work in the prevention of FEP. The methods of studies in the scientific psychiatric literature do not allow easy translation of scientific data to clinical practice. In the presentation, an up-to-date overview of the available treatments offered witin early intervention services for prevention of FEP is given.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders
Authors: Bles N. De , Van Der Does J. , Kortbeek L. , Hofhuis A. , Grootheest G. Van , Vollaard A. , Schoevers R. , Hemert A. Van , Penninx B. , Giltay E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular parasite that is estimated to be carried by one-third of the world population. While evidence has been found for a relationship between T. gondii infection and schizophrenia, its relationship with other psychiatric disorders like depressive and anxiety disorders shows inconsistent results.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to examine whether T. gondii seropositivity is associated with affective disorders, as well as with aggression reactivity and suicidal thoughts.MethodsIn the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), T. gondii antibodies were assessed in patients with current depressive (n=133), anxiety (n=188), comorbid depressive and anxiety (n=148), and remitted disorders (n=889), as well as in healthy controls (n=373) based on DSM-IV criteria. Seropositivity was analyzed in relation to disorder status, aggression reactivity and suicidal thoughts using multivariate analyses of covariance and regression analyses.ResultsParticipants were on average 51.2 years (SD = 13.2), and 64.4% were female. Seropositivity was found in 673 participants (38.9%). A strong positive association between T. gondii seropositivity and age was observed. No significant associations were found between T. gondii seropositivity and disorder status, aggression reactivity and suicidal thoughts. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for any remitted disorder versus controls was 1.13 (95% CI: 0.87-1.49), and for any current disorder versus controls was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.69- 1.28).ConclusionsNo evidence was found for a relationship between affective disorders and T. gondii infectionDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Lithium-associated hypothyroidism: Reversible after lithium discontinuation?
Authors: Lieber I. , Ott M. , Öhlund L. , Lundqvist R. , Eliasson M. , Sandlund M. , Werneke U. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe association between lithium and thyroid dysfunction has long been known. Yet it is not known whether lithium-associated hypothyroidism is reversible, once lithium treatment has been stopped.ObjectivesTo determine whether lithium-associated hypothyroidism was reversible in patients who subsequently discontinued lithium.MethodsRetrospective cohort study in the Swedish region of Norrbotten into the effects and side- effects of lithium treatment and other drugs for relapse prevention (LiSIE). For this particular study, we reviewed medical records between 1997 and 2015 of patients treated with lithium.ResultsOf 1340 patients screened, we identified 90 patients with lithium-associated hypothyroidism who subsequently discontinued lithium. Of these, 27% had overt hypothyroidism at the time when thyroid replacement therapy was initiated. The mean delay from lithium start to thyroid replacement therapy start was 2.3 (SD 4.7) years. Fifty percent received thyroid replacement therapy within 10 months of starting lithium. Of 85 patients available for follow up, 35 (41%) stopped thyroid replacement therapy after lithium discontinuation. Six patients reinstated thyroid replacement therapy subsequently. Only one of these had overt hypothyroidism, occurring 13 days after stopping lithium and 11 days after stopping thyroid replacement therapy.ConclusionsLithium-associated hypothyroidism seems reversible in most patients, once lithium has been discontinued. In such cases, thyroid replacement therapy discontinuation could be attempted much more often than currently done. Based on the limited evidence of our study, we can expect hypothyroidism to recur early after discontinuation of thyroid replacement therapy if at all.DisclosureMO: scient adv. board member Astra Zeneca Sweden; UW: educ. activities Norrbotten Region: Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Otsuka/Lundbeck, Servier, Shire and Sunovion. All others: none.
Higher illness burden is associated with reduced heart rate variability in bipolar disorder
Authors: Ortiz A. , Husain I. , Moorti P. , Alda M. , Sanches M. , Mulsant B. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is associated with premature death and ischemic heart disease is the main cause of excess mortality. The predictive power of heart rate variability (HRV) for mortality has been confirmed in patients with or without cardiovascular disease. While several studies have analyzed the association between HRV and BD, their results are incongruent; and none has analyzed the effect of the clinical factors characterizing illness burden on HRV.ObjectivesTo assess the association between HRV and the following factors characterizing illness burden: illness duration, number and type of previous episode(s), duration of the most severe depressive or hypomanic/manic episode, severity of episodes, co-morbid psychiatric disorders, family history of BD or suicide, and duration and polarity of current episode in participants experiencing one.MethodsWe used a wearable device in 53 BD participants to assess the association between HRV using 4 measures (RMSSD, SDANN, SDNN and RR Triangular Index) and the abovementioned clinical factors characterizing illness burden. For each of the 4 HRV measures we ran 11 models, one for each burden of illness clinical factor as an independent variable.ResultsLonger illness duration, higher number of depressive episodes, and family history of suicide were negatively correlated with HRV; in the 14 participants experiencing a depressive episode, the MADRS score was negatively correlated with HRVConclusionsOur study analyzed the association between burden of illness and HRV in BD, while controlling for functional cardiovascular status, age, sex, BMI, education, and treatment. Our results showed that high illness burden is associated with reduced HRV.DisclosureNo significant relationships.