bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expansion of Thailand’s social pension policy and its implications for family support for older persons
Authors: Teerawichitchainan Bussarawan , Pothisiri Wiraporn 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThailand is among the few developing countries that provide social pension for a significant majority of its older adults. In 2009, the government amended the Old‐Age Allowance (OAA) scheme from a means‐tested to a near‐universal social pension program. Analyzing nationally representative data from the Surveys of Older Persons in Thailand, we found significant changes over the last decade in the patterns of old‐age income sources and filial economic support for parents aged 60 and above. Results show the declining importance of children and the rising significance of OAA as the primary income source. Yet, reliance on OAA was not necessarily associated with a decline in nonmonetary intergenerational support for the parents. Findings reveal that older persons whose main income source was OAA were less likely than others to report income adequacy and positive psychological well‐being, suggesting that the scheme may have little impact in dampening inequality among older Thais.
Child‐related family policies in East and Southeast Asia: An intra‐regional comparison
Authors: Tonelli Simone , Drobnič Sonja , Huinink Johannes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver the past five decades, dramatic demographic and socio‐economic changes have taken place in East and Southeast Asian countries, with important implications for the family and its future. Still, little is known about the typical configurations of state support for families in these countries. We examine governments’ strategies for supporting families and reducing the cost of children. Employing hierarchical cluster analysis, we uncover four distinctive family policy profiles—maternity support, poverty‐relief support, employment‐oriented support and encompassing support—and discuss their implication for defamilialisation. What appears less clear are the drivers behind such configurations, but there are indications that fertility concerns, the cultural fabric of a country and the productivist profile of the social policy regime seem to influence the orientation of family policy models. Overall, the development of family policy in East and Southeast Asia seems to be fragmented and characterised by parallel interventions of different types of provenance.
CXCL11 expressing C57BL/6 mice have intact adaptive immune responses to viral infection
Authors: Dalit Lennard , Alvarado Carolina , Küijper Lisan , Kueh Andrew J , Weir Ashley , D’Amico Angela , Herold Marco J , Vince James E , Nutt Stephen L , Groom Joanna R 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed on immune cells to co‐ordinate lymphocyte activation and migration. CXCR3 binds three chemokine ligands, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. These ligands display distinct expression patterns and ligand signaling biases; however, how each ligand functions individually and collaboratively is incompletely understood. CXCL9 and CXCL10 are considered pro‐inflammatory chemokines during viral infection, while CXCL11 may induce a tolerizing state. The investigation of the individual role of CXCL11 in vivo has been hampered as C57BL/6 mice carry several mutations that result in a null allele. Here, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to correct these mutations on a C57BL/6 background. It was validated that CXCL11KI mice expressed CXCL11 protein in dendritic cells, spleen and lung. CXCL11KI mice were largely phenotypically indistinguishable from C57BL/6 mice, both at steady‐state and during two models of viral infection. While CXCL11 expression did not modify acute antiviral responses, this study provides a new tool to understand the role of CXCL11 in other experimental settings.
Performance enhancement of soft‐PZT5 piezoelectric ceramics using poling technique
Authors: Kong Shuyan , Hong Canhuang , Zhang Wenjie , Liu Ying , Wang Zujian , Yang Xiaoming , Su Rongbing , Long Xifa , He Chao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPb(Zr1−xTix)O3(PZT) ceramics are the most widely used piezoelectric ceramics due to their excellent performance. It has been reported that the direct current poling (DCP) apply on alternating current poling (ACP) relaxor‐PbTiO3ferroelectric crystals can further improve the piezoelectric properties. Herein, we report the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of soft‐PZT5 ceramics under DCP, ACP, and ACP + DCP methods. The piezoelectric coefficientd33of the soft‐PZT5 ceramics was 560 pC/N using ACP+DCP at room temperature (RT), which is 4% higher than the ACP‐treated sample (540 pC/N) and 24% higher than the DCP‐treated sample (450 pC/N). The ideal poling temperatures of DCP and ACP were found to be 120°C and 60°C, showing optimald33values of 540 pC/N and 565 pC/N, respectively. The ACP and ACP+DCP samples show the same aging trend. After 30 days of aging, thed33values of the DCP, ACP, and ACP+DCP soft‐PZT5 ceramics were 415 pC/N, 500 pC/N, and 510 pC/N, respectively, showing decreases of 12%, 8%, and 9%, respectively. This work indicates that the ACP+DCP method is an effective method to improve the piezoelectric properties of soft‐PZT5 ceramics.
One size does not fit all: Implicit theories of body weight and body mass index interact to predict body image disturbances
Authors: Bruchmann Kathryn , Thai Chan L. , Wingard Brianna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImplicit theories of body weight (ITBW) have predicted successful weight loss efforts, such that incremental beliefs (body weight is malleable) lead to more success and resilience in the face of setbacks than entity beliefs (body weight is unchangeable). But, less is known about how ITBW is related to body image. Two studies tested how ITBW (measured in Study 1, manipulated in Study 2) interacts with body mass index (BMI) to predict body shame, body surveillance, and disordered eating in undergraduate samples (Study 1 N = 296, Study 2 N = 363). We saw evidence that for participants with higher BMIs, an incremental theory of body weight predicted less body shame, surveillance, and disordered eating compared to an entity theory of body weight. But, for participants with lower BMIs, we saw some evidence that an incremental theory of body weight can actually be harmful and increase disordered eating attitudes or a desire to change body weight.
Comparative peripheral edema for dihydropyridines calcium channel blockers treatment: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Liang Ling , Kung Janice Y. , Mitchelmore Bradley , Cave Andrew , Banh Hoan Linh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (DHPCCBs) are widely used to treat hypertension and chronic coronary artery disease. One common adverse effect of DHPCCBs is peripheral edema, particularly of the lower limbs. The side effect could lead to dose reduction or discontinuation of the medication. The combination of DHPCCBs and renin‐angiotensin system blockers has shown to reduce the risk of DHPCCBs‐associated peripheral edema compared with DHPCCBs monotherapy. We performed the current systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to estimate the rate of peripheral edema with DHPCCBs as a class and with individual DHPCCBs and the ranking of the reduction of peripheral edema. The effects of renin‐angiotensin system blockers on DHPCCBs network meta‐analysis were created to analyze the ranking of the reduction of peripheral edema. A total of 3312 publications were identified and 71 studies with 56,283 patients were included. Nifedipine ranked highest in inducing peripheral edema (SUCRA 81.8%) and lacidipine (SUCRA 12.8%) ranked the least. All DHPCCBs except lacidipine resulted in higher relative risk (RR) of peripheral edema compared with placebo. Nifedipine plus angiotensin receptor blocker (SUCRA: 92.3%) did not mitigate peripheral edema and amlodipine plus angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (SUCRA: 16%) reduced peripheral edema the most. Nifedipine ranked the highest and lacidipine ranked the lowest amongst DHPCCBs for developing peripheral edema when used for cardiovascular indications. The second or higher generation of DHPCCBs combination with ACEIs or ARBs or diuretics lowered the chance of peripheral edema development compared to single DHPCCB treatment.
Current apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: A multi‐center cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Dan , Huo Zhihao , Liu Danyang , Gong Nirong , Zhang Fen , Kong Yaozhong , Zhang Yunfang , Su Xiaoyan , Xu Qingdong , Feng Jiexia , Luo Fuzhang , Wang Cheng , Dou Xianrui , Sun Guohui , Zhang Difei , Qin Xianhui , Zhang Guangqing , Lu Fuhua , Ai Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractApparent treatment‐resistant hypertension (aTRH) is the most commonly used term to report resistant hypertension (RH) and is considered as a common problem in dialysis population. However, few reports have focused on peritoneal dialysis (PD) hypertensive patients. The authors conducted a multi‐center cross‐sectional study involving 1789 PD patients from nine centers in Guangdong, China. The prevalence of aTRH was estimated by home blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Evaluating drug adherence through Eight‐item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS‐8) and pill counting was performed to assess RH in one PD center. Related factors of aTRH were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of aTRH in PD patients was estimated at 42.2% (755 out of 1789 hypertensive patients) based on home BP. Of those, 91.4% patients were classified as uncontrolled RH, 2.0% as controlled RH, and 6.6% as refractory hypertension. The prevalence of RH was 40.6% and 41.9% among those with medium/high adherence based on the MMAS‐8 scores and the pill counting rate, respectively. PD patients who were younger, with higher body mass index, with lower serum albumin and poorer dialysis adequacy were significantly associated with higher aTRH incident. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates a high prevalence of aTRH in PD population, which occurs in about two in five treated hypertensive patients. Nutritional status and dialysis adequacy might tightly associate with aTRH.
Acute microcystin exposure induces reversible histopathological changes in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Shartau Ryan B. , Snyman Heindrich N. , Turcotte Lenora , McCarron Pearse , Bradshaw Julia C. , Johnson Stewart C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) develop a severe liver disease called net‐pen liver disease (NPLD), which is characterized by hepatic lesions that include megalocytosis and loss of gross liver structure. Based on studies where salmonids have been exposed to microcystin (MC) via intraperitoneal injection, NPLD is believed to be caused by MC exposure, a hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. Despite the link between MC and NPLD, it remains uncertain if environmentally relevant MC exposure is responsible for NPLD. To determine if we could produce histopathology consistent with NPLD, we compared the response of Atlantic and Chinook Salmon sub‐lethal MC exposure. Salmon were orally gavaged with saline or MC containing algal paste and sampled over 2 weeks post‐exposure. Liver lesions appeared by 6 h but were resolved 2‐weeks post‐exposure; histopathological changes observed in other tissues were not as widespread, nor was their severity as great as those in the liver. There was no evidence for NPLD due to the absence of hepatic megalocytosis. These results indicate that the development of NPLD is not due to acute MC exposure but may be associated with higher MC concentration occurring in food, long‐term exposure through drinking of contaminated seawater and/or interactions with other marine toxins.
YTHDF1 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression via regulating EGFR mRNA translation
Authors: Huang Xiang , Zhu Lefan , Wang Lina , Huang Wenjie , Tan Li , Liu Haining , Huo Jihui , Su Tianhong , Zhang Mengping , Kuang Ming , Li Xiaoxing , Dai Zihao , Xu Lixia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and AimIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive disease with the underlying mechanisms poorly understood. YTHDF1, an N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) reader protein, has important physiological functions in regulation of tumor development. However, the effect of YTHDF1 on ICC progression remains unknown yet.MethodsThe expression level of YTHDF1 in human ICC tissue was examined in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and our cohort. The role of YTHDF1 was detected using two human ICC cell lines in vitro. An ICC tumorigenesis mouse model was established via hydrodynamic transfection of AKT/YAP plasmids. m6A sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, and RNA sequencing were carried out to explore the mechanism of YTHDF1 modulating ICC progression.ResultsHere, we find that YTHDF1 is upregulated in ICC and associated with shorter survival of ICC patients. Depletion of YTHDF1 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while overexpression of wild‐type YTHDF1, but not m6A reader domain mutant YTHDF1, significantly enhances tumor cell growth and aggressive abilities in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of YTHDF1 promotes the AKT/YAP transfection‐induced orthotopic ICC tumorigenesis and progression in vivo. Mechanistically, we identify that YTHDF1 regulates the translation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA via binding m6A sites in the 3′‐UTR of EGFR transcript, thus leading to aberrant activities of downstream signal pathways that impact tumor progression.ConclusionsOur data uncover the oncogenic function and m6A reader‐dependent mechanism of YTHDF1 in regulation of ICC progression. Restricting abnormal oncogenic mRNA translation by targeting YTHDF1 may be a novel and promising strategy for ICC treatment.
Standardized assessment of depression symptoms in post‐acute care: A screening threshold approach
Authors: Siconolfi Daniel , Edelen Maria O. , McMullen Tara L. , Martino Steven , Ahluwalia Sangeeta C. , Chen Emily K. , Dalton Sarah E. , Paddock Susan , Rodriguez Anthony , Saliba Debra , Mandl Stella , Mota Teresa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDepression symptoms have impacts on quality of life, rehabilitation and treatment adherence, and resource utilization among patients in post‐acute care (PAC) settings. The PHQ‐2 and PHQ‐9 are instruments for the assessment of depression, previously used in PAC settings, that have tradeoffs in terms of measurement depth versus respondent/assessor burden. Therefore, the present study tested a gateway version of the protocol (PHQ‐2 to 9).MethodsIn 143 PAC settings in 14 U.S. markets across 10 states from November 2017 to August 2018, facility and research nurses administered the PHQ‐2 to communicative patients (n = 3010). Nurses administered the full PHQ‐9 if the patient screened positive for either of the two cardinal symptoms assessed by the PHQ‐2 (depressed mood and anhedonia). We assessed the prevalence and frequency of depression symptoms using the PHQ‐2 to 9, associations between depression screening results and patient characteristics and clinical conditions, and feasibility indicators.ResultsMore than 1 in 4 patients (28%) screened positive on the PHQ‐2. Only 6% of those completing the full PHQ‐9 had a score indicating “minimal” severity. The average score (M = 11.9) met the threshold for moderate depression. Positive PHQ‐2 screening was associated with age, female gender, disposition at discharge, septicemia/severe sepsis, and dependence for ADLs of toileting and lying to sitting mobility. Age was also associated with full PHQ‐9 scores; patients ages 45–64 had the highest mean score. Length of stay was not associated with PHQ‐2 screening results or full PHQ‐2 to 9 scores. Missing data were minimal (<2.4%). The average time to complete was 2.3 min. Interrater reliability and percent agreement were excellent.ConclusionsThese findings suggest the feasibility of a gateway scoring approach to standardized assessment of depression symptoms among PAC patients, and that depression symptoms are relatively common among this inpatient population.
Developing standardized patient assessment data elements for Medicare post‐acute care assessments
Authors: Chen Emily K. , Edelen Maria O. , McMullen Tara , Ahluwalia Sangeeta C. , Dalton Sarah E. , Paddock Susan , Rodriguez Anthony , Shier Victoria , Mandl Stella , Mota Teresa , Saliba Debra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo support interoperability and care planning across provider types, the Improving Medicare Post‐Acute Care Transformation Act of 2014 (IMPACT Act) requires the submission of standardized patient assessment data using the assessment instruments provided by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). CMS was tasked with developing standardized assessment data elements (SADEs) within clinical categories named in the IMPACT Act.MethodWe used environmental scans, subject matter expert, and stakeholder input to identify candidate SADEs; tested candidate data elements in alpha testing; revised SADEs and training protocols based on alpha analyses and stakeholder feedback; tested SADEs across post‐acute care (PAC) settings in a national field test that included 3121 patients across 143 home health agencies, inpatient rehabilitation facilities, long‐term care hospitals, and skilled nursing facilities in 14 markets across the United States; and analyzed data and stakeholder input from national testing. Field testing measured the time required for assessment, percent completion, and inter‐rater reliability. We analyzed qualitative feedback from stakeholder focus groups and technical expert panels. We also obtained survey and focus group feedback from data collectors.ResultsWe developed a mixed‐method, multi‐stakeholder procedure to identify and gather input on SADE for cross‐setting use. This process yielded feasible and reliable SADEs for PAC settings that assess pain, cognitive status, mood, and medication reconciliation. The success of this work depended on working iteratively with diverse stakeholders and providing qualitative as well as quantitative evidence.ConclusionsThe procedures applied in this project for developing and adopting SADEs for PAC, as well as the challenges and strategies to overcome challenges, should be considered in future item and quality measure development.
Standardized assessment of cognitive function of post‐acute care patients
Authors: Shier Victoria , Edelen Maria O. , McMullen Tara L. , Ahluwalia Sangeeta C. , Chen Emily K. , Dalton Sarah E. , Paddock Susan , Rodriguez Anthony , Sherbourne Cathy D. , Mandl Stella , Mota Teresa , Saliba Debra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of cognitive function in post‐acute care (PAC) settings is important for understanding an individual's condition and care needs, developing better person‐directed care plans, predicting resource needs and understanding case mix. Therefore, we tested the feasibility and reliability of cognitive function assessments, including the Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS), Confusion Assessment Method (CAM©), Expression and Understanding, and Behavioral Signs and Symptoms for patients in PAC under the intent of the IMPACT Act of 2014.MethodsWe conducted a national test of assessments of four standardized cognitive function data elements among patients in PAC. One hundred and forty‐three PAC settings (57 home health agencies, 28 inpatient rehabilitation facilities, 28 long‐term care hospitals, and 73 Skilled Nursing Facilities) across 14 U.S. markets from November 2017 to August 2018. At least one of four cognitive function data elements were assessed in 3026 patients. We assessed descriptive statistics, percent of missing data, time to complete, and interrater reliability between paired research nurse and facility staff assessors, and assessor feedback.ResultsThe BIMS, CAM©, Expression and Understanding, and Behavioral Signs and Symptoms demonstrated low rates of missing data (less than 2%), high percent agreement, and substantial support from assessors. The prevalence of Behavioral Signs and Symptoms was low in our sample of PAC settings.ConclusionFindings provide support for feasibility of implementing standardized assessment of all our cognitive function data elements for patients in PAC settings. The BIMS and CAM© were adopted into federal Quality Reporting Programs in the fiscal year/calendar year 2020 final rules. Future work could consider implementing additional cognitive items that assess areas not covered by the BIMS and CAM©.
Is bigger always better? Neither body size nor aggressive behavior predicts specialization of hummingbirds in a rocky outcrop
Authors: Claudino R. M. , Antonini Y. , Martins C. , Beirão M. V. , Braga E. M. , de Azevedo C. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterspecific competition can strongly influence community structure and shape niche breadth and overlap. One of the main factors that determines hummingbird community structure is competition for food. Hummingbirds’ functional attributes, such as beak length and body mass, influence nectar acquisition in flowers. This study evaluates how functional and behavioral attributes of hummingbirds influence their specialization, as measured by pollen transportation. We tested the following hypothesis: H1) smaller and short‐billed hummingbirds will carry higher pollen richness and relatively more pollen grains than long‐billed hummingbirds; H2) dominant and territorial hummingbirds carry a lower richness of pollen types and fewer pollen grains when compared to subordinate hummingbirds, and H3) the similarity in the composition of pollen morphotypes, between the hummingbirds species, will be low because we expect to find high specialization in the use of plant species. We conducted the study between September 2018 and March 2019 in a Campo Rupestre (rocky outcrops) in Southeastern Brazil. Hummingbirds were captured with a trap. The pollen adhered to the body parts was collected, counted, and identified in the laboratory. We recorded hummingbirds' beak sizes and body masses. Behavioral responses of hummingbirds to artificial feeders were collected regarding the time and duration of each visit and the outcome of aggressive interactions. An interaction network was built based on the pollen grains found on each hummingbird. Our results showed that neither body size nor aggressive behaviors influenced pollen richness on hummingbirds’ bodies. Beak length was the most important hummingbird attribute that influenced pollen richness, but not pollen relative abundance. Short‐billed hummingbirds carried the greatest richness of pollen grains. The hummingbird pollen‐grain interaction network was generalized in the pollen grains transported. We conclude that hummingbirds' beak length is the central morphological variable related to pollen grain transport in rocky outcrops.