bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Benefits of Catch Crops Cultivation
Authors: Pawłowski Lucjan , Kwiatkowski Cezary A. , Harasim Elżbieta , Klikocka-WiśNiewska Olimpia , Cel Wojciech , Kujawska Justyna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The role of catch crops in modern agriculture has increased in recent years. In addition to a production of animal feed, they have a positive impact on quality of soil. This study determined the suitability of selected stubble catch crops (white mustard, lacy phacelia, and a mixture of faba bean + spring vetch) to improve production, economic and energy effects of spring wheat grown in 3-year monoculture relative to the control treatment (without catch crops). Two tillage systems were used: conventional tillage and no-tillage (conservation tillage). A field study was conducted over the period 2014-2016 at the Czeslawice Experimental Farm, Lubelskie Voivodeship, Poland. The study proved the high suitability of catch crops to increase the spring wheat yields (under both tillage systems). Regardless of the catch crops, the productivity of wheat was higher under conventional tillage. The catch crops (in particular white mustard) and the conservation tillage system contributed to an improved energy efficiency index of production. The white mustard catch crop also had the most beneficial effect on the economic profitability of spring wheat production. This was due to the low cost of cultivation of this catch crop and its beneficial impact on obtaining high yields of spring wheat.
Chemical toxicity assessment and Physiological investigation in rats exposed to pyrethroid insecticide type 1 and possible mitigation of propolis
Authors: Hassan Amal I. , Bondouk Ibrahim I. , Omar Khalid , Esawii Heba A. , Saleh Hosam M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current investigation aims to study the potential protective effects of propolis methanolic extract (100 mg/kg BW) on the systemic toxic effects after dietary exposure concentration (1/100 LD50 for 30 days) of permethrin (PM) administered in experimental rats. In this experiment, we added propolis four weeks after PM -administration to examining the medicinal effects. Therapeutic use of propolis mitigated PM -induced deterioration of liver and kidney functions and myocardial damage measured by cardiac enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) in serum. In addition, propolis treatment (prophylactic and therapeutic) prevented PM-induced apoptosis index, including B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (BCL-2)-associated X (BAX) protein activates, and lipid peroxide (LP). The results showed propolis induced a significant decrease in serum levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (INF-γ), interleukin one beta (IL-1β), interleukin 12 (IL-12), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Besides, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), acetylcholine esterase (AChE), and hematological constituents. Cardiac biomarkers, liver, and kidney functions were substantially lower in propolis treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC- MS) of the propolis-MeOH extract showed valuable antioxidant phenolics and flavonoids capable of alleviating oxidative stress through the free-radical scavenging efficacy and regulating signaling pathways of proinflammatory cytokines.
SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant Infection of a Patient Immunized by Inactive Sinovac (CoronaVac) Vaccine
Authors: Ozverel Cenk Serhan , Tulay Pinar , Ergoren Mahmut Cerkez , Guler Emrah , Baddal Buket , Suer Kaya , Sanlidag Tamer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in December 2019, and shortly after pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to its unstoppable global spread. Considerable amount of effort has beenput around the World in order to develop a safe and effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Inactivated and RNA vaccines have already passed phase three studies showing sufficient efficacy and safety, respectively. Nowadays, there is a noticeable dominance of SARS-CoV-2 variants with various mutations over the wild type SARS-CoV-2. However, there is no report showing the efficacy of these vaccines on these variants. This case study describes a thirty-eight-year-old male reported to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant following two doses of inactive CoronaVac administration with a protective level of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies. The variant analysis of the virus reported to be positive for N501Y mutation.This is the first case in the literature demonstrating that inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccine might have a lower efficacy on alpha variant.
From Culinary Practice to Printed Text: The Eighteenth-Century Language of London Cookbooks
Authors: Butoescu Elena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present article will explore the role that cookbooks had in eighteenth-century London, being extremely popular and highly pirated, probably the most successful women's printed genre of the eighteenth century. These cookery books represented a reliable source of information not only about social distinction and food practices, but also about urban development and marketability. This is not only an analysis of the literature and culture of food as printed in the eighteenth-century by well-known London publishing houses, but also an insight into the vast scope of city dwellers. I will look at how the rhetoric of food reveals the mentality, customs, and culinary developments of eighteenth-century urban practices, ranging from the private area of the home to the public space of the print market. The catalog of didactic language on how to pluck poultry, burn charcoal, or prepare dishes in a clean and hygienic environment expresses the richness of food-related terminology, as well as the diversity of epithets praising the quality of the book or indicating the expected market. The article argues that the terminology used in these cookbooks, the paratexts and the systematic structure of the recipes reflect a specific country/city divide, since they provided instruction on how to adapt rural recipes to an urban kitchen, acknowledged the social division between servant and mistress, and shaped a new consumer behaviour.
Underground Film Translations in 1980s Romania: A Gateway to Freedom
Authors: Ciocan Dana Georgiana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The context of the communist regime in the late 1980s Romania was definitely a most peculiar one. During this period of time, translations from other languages were scarce and only the ones which were in accordance with the communist ideology were allowed. It was a time when people had neither many rights nor did they have many choices to make. In the latter part of the 1980s more and more foreign films were smuggled into the country and most of them were obviously American. Such films revealed a new and different world for those who watched them. Consequently, these films needed to be translated and the most well-known voice to have done it was Irina Margareta Nistor's. Her task was both interesting and demanding but also dangerous at the same time given the political context. This essay investigates the manner in which underground film “dubbing”
The translation technique used, in reality a combination between the techniques of voice-over and simultaneous interpretation, was mistakenly named ‘dubbing.’
was done and describes the particularities of the clandestine film “dubbing” by discussing how it was performed and by analysing the translations qualitatively.
The Effects of Spaceflight on Mucin Production in the Mouse Uterus
Authors: Forsman Allan D. , Nier Heath A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The effects of microgravity on biological tissues are relatively unexplored, especially in regard to the mammalian female reproductive system. To begin to address this issue, the uterine tissue of female mice flown on NASA shuttle mission STS-118 was studied. Three sets of female mice, each consisting of 12 animals, were utilized in this study: flight animals, ground control animals, and baseline animals. The flight animals were housed in the Animal Enclosure Module (AEM) of the Commercial Biomedical Testing Module-2 (CBMT-2), which was a part of the payload of the shuttle’s mid-deck locker. Ground control animals were housed in ground-based AEMs, which were kept in a room specifically designed to mimic the environmental conditions of the flight units with regard to temperature, humidity, and light/dark cycles on a 48 hour delay. Baseline animals were housed in standard rodent cages at ambient temperature and humidity and a 12/12 light/dark cycle. The uterine tissue was stained using an Alcian Blue Periodic Acid Schiff staining procedure and the apical mucin layer thickness was subsequently analyzed. Analysis of the mucin layer in the uterus revealed that the thickness of the mucin layer in the flight tissue was significantly thicker that the mucin layers of the ground control and baseline tissue.
A Computational Study of the Mechanics of Gravity-induced Torque on Cells
Authors: Haranas Ioannis , Gkigkitzis Ioannis , Zouganelis George D. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
In this paper we use Nace’s previous work in order to model the effects of gravity in cells and similar objects. In the presence of the gravitational field of a primary body, the gravity vector can result in numerous effects, some of which are tension, shear, and finally torque. To model the torque effect we use a complete expression for the gravitational acceleration, as this is given on the surface of a planetary body as well as in orbit around it. In particular, on the surface of the Earth the acceleration is corrected for the effect of oblateness and rotation. In the gravitational acceleration the effect of oblateness can be modeled with the inclusion of a term that contains the J
2 harmonic coefficient, as well as a term that depends on the square of angular velocity of the Earth. In orbit the acceleration of gravity at the point of the spacecraft is a function of the orbital elements and includes, only in our case, the J
2 harmonic since no Coriolis force is felt by the spacecraft. We derive analytical expressions and calculate the resulting torque effects for various geocentric latitudes, as well as circular and elliptical orbits of various eccentricities and inclinations. We find that elliptical polar orbits result in higher torques, and that higher eccentricities result in higher the torque effects. To any measurable extent, our results do not drastically impact any existing biophysical conclusions.
The Effects of Gamma and Proton Radiation Exposure on Hematopoietic Cell Counts in the Ferret Model
Authors: Sanzari Jenine K. , Wan X. Steven , Krigsfeld Gabriel S. , Wroe Andrew J. , Gridley Daila S. , Kennedy Ann R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Exposure to total-body radiation induces hematological changes, which can detriment one’s immune response to wounds and infection. Here, the decreases in blood cell counts after acute radiation doses of γ-ray or proton radiation exposure, at the doses and dose-rates expected during a solar particle event (SPE), are reported in the ferret model system. Following the exposure to γ-ray or proton radiation, the ferret peripheral total white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts decreased whereas neutrophil count increased within 3 hours. At 48 hours after irradiation, the WBC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts decreased in a dose-dependent manner but were not significantly affected by the radiation type (γ-rays verses protons) or dose rate (0.5 Gy/minute verses 0.5 Gy/hour). The loss of these blood cells could accompany and contribute to the physiological symptoms of the acute radiation syndrome (ARS).
New Perspectives in the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Stătescu Cristian , Sascău Radu , Clement Alexandra , Anghel Larisa 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Acute and chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a major public health problem, studies showing a 25% survival rate at 5 years after hospitalization. If left untreated, it is a common and potentially fatal disease. In recent years, the medical and device therapies of patients with HFrEF have significantly improved. The aim of our review is to provide an evidence-based update on new therapeutic strategies in acute and chronic settings, to prevent hospitalization and death in patients with HFrEF. We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and we included a number of 23 randomized controlled trials published in the last 30 years. The benefit of beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with HFrEF is well known. Recent developments, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, vericiguat, transcatheter mitral valve repair, wireless pulmonary artery pressure monitor and cardiac contractility modulation, have also proven effective in improving prognosis. In addition, other new therapeutic agents showed encouraging results, but they are currently being studied. The implementation of personalized disease management programs that directly target the cause of HFrEF is crucial in order to improve prognosis and quality of life for these patients.
Magnitude of ST-segment Elevation Is Associated with Increased Acute Inflammatory Response and Myocardial Scar in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing pPCI
Authors: Mester Andras , Cernica Daniel , Opincariu Diana , Rat Nora , Hodas Roxana , Kovacs Istvan , Benedek Theodora , Benedek Imre 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background: The integrated ST segment elevation score (ISSTE) score objectively quantifies the ECG changes before and after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The inflammatory response is a major component in scar formation and remodeling process of the myocardial tissue following myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) precisely quantifies the cardiac function and assesses the pattern of the myocardial scar tissue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relations between the ISSTE score and: (1) acute inflammatory biomarkers and (2) extent of the myocardial scar determined by CMR in STEMI treated with pPCI. Material and methods: One hundred thirty STEMI patients were included in the study, who underwent pPCI in the first 12 hours from symptom debut. ISSTE-1 was calculated at presentation and 2 hours following pPCI (ISSTE-2). Inflammatory biomarkers were determined at admission and day 5, followed by LGE-CMR at 4 weeks, with quantification of cardiac function and extent of infarct size (IS) and transmurality. Patients were divided in low and high ISSTE groups based on the median values. Results: No significant differences were noted in terms of CMR parameters or inflammatory biomarkers and between the groups with low or high ISSTE-1. Significantly higher levels of day-5 hs-CRP (p = 0.03) and day-1 IL-6 (p = 0.02), MMP-9 (p = 0.05) were recorded in high ISSTE-2 groups. LV IS mass (23.11 ± 5.31 vs. 57.94 ± 8.33, p = 0.001), percentage (13.55 ± 6.22 vs. 27.15 ± 7.12, p = 0.001) and transmurality (p = 0.001) was significantly higher in ISSTE-2 group. ISSTE-2 significantly correlated with LV IS mass (r = 0.391, p <0.0001), percentage (r = 0.541, p <0.0001) high transmurality (r = 0.449, p <0.0001) and LV EF (r = -0.397, p <0.0001). Conclusions: A high ISSTE-2 score is associated with increased inflammatory response exhibited by elevated serum IL-6 and MMP-9 levels determined on the day of admission, and with persistently increased serum hs-CRP levels on day 5 of the acute event. A higher ISSTE-2 score is associated with larger myocardial scar extent expressed by IS, higher transmurality and reduced LV EF at 1-month LGE CMR follow-up.
Exploring an Infrastructure Investment Methodology to Risk Mitigation from Rail Hazardous Materials Shipments
Authors: Vaezi Ali , Verma Manish 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Railroad is one of the primary modes to transport hazardous materials (hazmat) in North America. For instance, Canadian railroads carried around 50 million tons of hazmat in 2018. Given the inherent danger of trains carrying hazmat, this study aimed at exploring a novel way towards mitigation of the associated risk. This study sought to investigate whether proper rail track infrastructure investment can mitigate the risk from hazmat shipments. To this end, a methodology was developed and then applied to the Canadian railroad network. The proposed three-step methodology captured the differing perspectives of rail carriers and regulatory agencies, and entailed (1) ascertaining the risk-level of various yards and links in the given railroad network, (2) specifying potential candidates for infrastructure investment, and (3) finding the optimum set of investment decisions. The proposed methodology was then applied to the Canadian railroad network to demonstrate that significant risk-reduction can be achieved by adding alternative rail-links around the riskiest locations (i.e. the network hot-spots), and also to show that risk-reduction function is non-linear with non-monotonous behavior. The study showed the possibility of significant hazmat risk reduction through alternative rail-links that could take traffic away from the network hot-spots. The methodology and the results from the Canadian case can be used by railroad companies and policy makers to estimate the value of potentially risk-reducing infrastructure investments.
Opinion of Pre-service Preschool Teachers on Responsiveness: A Comparative Study of Latvian and Polish Students in the Aspect of Sustainable Education
Authors: Jurgena Inese , Cēdere Dagnija , Keviša Ingrīda , Szerlag Alicja , Jedrzejowska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The contradictions of modern human development are related to educational space, which is characterized by globalization and technology-driven changes; therefore, the social dimension of teacher education emphasizes the humane character of education – respectful communication, participation, empathy, flexibility, and the ability to change so that a teacher would be able to ensure an emotionally safe and supervised learning environment.
The aim of the article is to analyze and compare the opinions of students, pre-service preschool teachers, about teacher’s responsiveness in Latvian and Polish institutions of higher education. The research methodology includes the theoretical method – analysis of academic literature – and the empirical method – a survey of 307 Latvian and Polish full-time and part-time students in the period of 2020–2021. The survey was conducted online. Data processing was performed using the SPSS program. The results show that, in general, the understanding of prospective preschool teachers about the importance of teacher responsiveness in pedagogical activities and the need to undertake responsibility and leadership in regulating children’s reactions is positive. However, several differences have been identified between the opinions of Latvian and Polish students.
The Information Search Habits Investigated by an Eye Tracking Technique: How to Manage the Documentary Heritage of the National Library of Latvia
Authors: Java Oskars 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of the large-scale research entitled “Exploring Documentary Heritage for Building Synergies between Research and Society” is to investigate previously unexplored aspects of the documentary heritage, including the part of the legacy that has previously been subject to censorship and has therefore not been studied in depth. In order for these layers and stories to reach the public, it should initially be informed of the existence of such information, which, in turn, could create awareness and encourage action. As part of the large-scale research, the present article, using an eye tracking tool, reveals how target groups search for information on the Internet. The usability test indicates that respondents do not go to a specific information resource to search for specific information, but search is primarily started using one of the Internet search engines. The main conclusion is that, in order to ensure the availability of reliable high-quality information to the public, which is one of the key conditions for sustainable development, databases of the National Library of Latvia (NLL) should be designed in such a way that Google search engine can easily index the information contained in them.
Open Innovation Model of Student’s Research Activities
Authors: Dvoryatkina Svetlana N. , Zhuk Larisa V. , Smirnov Evgeniy I. , Khizhnyak Anastasia V. , Shcherbatykh Sergey V. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study is aimed to develop the open innovation model of student’s research activities based on the adaptation of modern scientific achievements in the context of transition to sustainable development of the education system. It advances a general approach to the design of the structure and implementation of main components of hybrid intelligent system to integrating a production-frame model of knowledge and neural network algorithm for the formation of an individual learning scenario. The software implemented as a hybrid intellectual environment for organizing student’s research activities is conventionally represented as a combination of blocks: a graphical user interface; technological core of hybrid learning environment, including a neural network classifier and a training data bank; a system for interaction and activation of third-party software and software and hardware. The technological basis for the individualization of the learning trajectory is the automated construction, forecasting of development and interactive correction of competence-oriented and associated models of a subject area. As a technological core, it uses a hybrid system of interaction between an artificial neural network and an expert system functioning based on a database of research projects. The presented innovation algorithm makes it possible to implement the technology of student’s research activities organizing as a process of setting up the generalized constructions of complex knowledge. Further research prospects consist of the program implementation of hybrid intellectual learning environment for the development of student’s research activities and its preparation for trial operation.
Motivation and Challenges of Teleworking Employees of Educational Institutions in Latvia During COVID-19
Authors: Rozentale Sarmite , Grintale Ieva , Paegle Linda , Vanadzins Ivars , Matisane Linda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study reflects motivation as one of the most important resources for achieving the goals of sustainable education. Motivation is a challenge as well as an important goal for the sustainability of education. The impact of COVID-19 has reached such proportions that the professional life of educators may never be the same again. Some of the key questions to consider in the context of educational sustainability: What are the most effective tools for motivating educators? What are the most important mechanisms for supporting telework?
The aim of this study was to find out the motivation and challenges of teleworking employees of educational institutions in Latvia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data of the study were obtained using an employee survey of 495 remote-working respondents in the period from September to October 2020. The main sources of theoretical data were the analysis of literature, policy documents and publications. For quantitative data processing, IMB SPSS and MS Excel software were used.
The authors found remarkable differences and similarities in motivation and challenges between the employees of educational institutions and the rest of the group of employees. The results showed that the main work motivations were salary, good working conditions, social guarantees, stable work, career opportunities, training opportunities and the interesting job.