PSUN14 Elucidating Effect of Modulating Aldosterone Synthesis on Cell Fate in Human Adrenal Cells
Authors: Long Kha Chin , Azizan Elena Aisha , Brown Morris Jonathan , Sukor Norlela , Tan Geok Chin , Murad Nor Azian Abdul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Aldosterone regulates sodium homeostasis thereby affecting blood volume and blood pressure. Physiologically, aldosterone is synthesized in the zona glomerulosa (ZG) by aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) when there is a lack of salt. However, in the adult human adrenal ZG is sparse and confined to discrete islets (1). We hypothesize that the high salt in modern diets change ZG cell function from synthesis to apoptosis/migration mode when aldosterone is not required. This hypothesis is based on: [i] CYP11B2−/− mice, where ZG cells migrate and apoptose (2); [ii] the disappearance from most of human ZG of CYP11B2, which became apparent with selective antisera (3); [iii] apoptosis in monkeys following aldosterone synthase inhibition (4). Herein we aim to test our hypothesis by silencing CYP11B2 in human adrenal cells.

Methods
The HAC15, a subclone of the H295R human adrenocortical cancer cell line, was transfected with scrambled siRNA (siScrambled) or siRNA targeting CYP11B2 (siCYP11B2) using the Neon™ Transfection System (Thermofisher Scientific, USA). An apoptosis assay 48-h post-transfection was performed using the Pacific Blue™ Annexin V/SYTOX™ AADvanced™ apoptosis kit on the BD FACSVerseTM system (BD Biosciences, USA). The supernatants and cells were harvested for aldosterone and cortisol, and RNA isolation. Experiments were repeated 3 times independently in triplicates. RNA-Sequencing (RNAseq) of siCYP11B2 and siScrambled was performed on a representative sample from each independent experiment (BGI Genomics, China).

Results
Transfected HAC15 cells with siCYP11B2 showed reduction of aldosterone production by 69.8% (p=0.001) and suppression of CYP11B2 mRNA by 8 folds (p=0.001) compared to control, with no significant change on cortisol production and CYP11B1 mRNA expression. This confirmed that the silencing was specific to CYP11B2 despite the gene being highly homologous to CYP11B1. In all 3 independent experiments, 3 genes were significantly downregulated; CYP11B2, HNRNPA1, and UHMK1 expression in siCYP11B2 cells were 32%, 65% and 67% of matched control siScramble cells. Result of KEGG pathway from each independent experiment showed the most enriched pathways among the differentially expressed genes (DEG) were mitophagy and autophagy. However, analysis of flow cytometric apoptosis assay showed silencing of CYP11B2 did not induce cell apoptosis.

Conclusion
Our finding showed that silencing of CYP11B2 can affect mitophagy and autophagy but does not affect cell apoptosis in the HAC15 human adrenocortical cancer cell line. Further investigation on cell proliferation and in non-cancerous adrenal cells may be needed to identify the effect of modulating aldosterone synthesis on ZG cell fate.

Reference
(1) Vinson G., Front Neurosci 2016; 10: 238. (2) Lee G, et al., Endocrinology 2005; 146: 2650–2656. (3) Gomez-Sanchez CE, et al., Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 383: 111–117. (4) Bogman K, et al., Hypertension. 2017; 69(1): 189–196.
Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.