bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of two low-level laser irradiation protocols on the rate of canine retraction
Authors: Eid Farah Y. , El-Kenany Walid A. , Mowafy Mohamed I. , El-Kalza Ahmed R. , Guindi Myriam A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the canine retraction rate with two low-level laser therapy (LLLT) irradiation protocols, involving both a high and a low application frequency. Twenty patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In Group A, one side of the maxillary arch randomly received LLLT on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and every 2 weeks thereafter, whereas in Group B, one side received LLLT every 3 weeks. Tooth movement was checked every three weeks since the onset of canine retraction, over the 12-week study period. Moreover, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid were assessed. Results revealed a significant increase in the canine retraction rate on the laser sides of groups A and B, in comparison with the control sides (p < 0.05), with no significant differences reported between the laser sides in both groups (p = 0.08–0.55). Also, IL-1β levels were significantly higher on the laser sides of both groups, in comparison with the control sides (p < 0.05). Therefore, LLLT can effectively accelerate tooth movement, with both frequent and less frequent applications, which is attributed to an enhanced biological response as reflected by the elevated IL-1β levels on the compression sides.
Integrated analysis reveals the pivotal interactions between immune cells in the melanoma tumor microenvironment
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Hu Shan , Wang Huiqi , Zhao Tingxiu , Song Yue , Zhong Xueying , Luo Qingling , Xu Mansi , He Lina , Chen Qiugu , Du Biaoyan , Xiao Jianyong , Wang Kun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMelanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer. Despite the breakthroughs in the clinical treatment of melanoma using tumor immunotherapy, many patients do not benefit from these immunotherapies because of multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the mechanisms of tumor-immune system interactions and their molecular determinants to improve cancer immunotherapy. In this study, combined analysis of microarray data and single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed the key interactions between immune cells in the melanoma microenvironment. First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and malignant tissues were obtained using GEO2R. The DEGs were then subjected to downstream analyses, including enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction analysis, indicating that these genes were associated with the immune response of melanoma. Then, the GEPIA and TIMER databases were used to verify the differential expression and prognostic significance of hub genes, and the relationship between the hub genes and immune infiltration. In addition, we combined single cell analysis from GSE123139 to identify immune cell types, and validated the expression of the hub genes in these immune cells. Finally, cell-to-cell communication analysis of the proteins encoded by the hub genes and their interactions was performed using CellChat. We found that the CCL5-CCR1, SELPLG-SELL, CXCL10-CXCR3, and CXCL9-CXCR3 pathways might play important roles in the communication between the immune cells in tumor microenvironment. This discovery may reveal the communication basis of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and provide a new idea for melanoma immunotherapy.
Structurally distorted perovskite La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.5Co0.5O3-δ by graphene nanoplatelet and their composite for supercapacitors with enhanced stability
Authors: Kim Bo-Min , Kim Hyo-Young , Hong Sung-Wan , Choi Won Ho , Ju Young-Wan , Shin Jeeyoung 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSupercapacitors are promising energy storage devices with high charging/discharging speeds and power densities. To improve their poor stability, we fabricated electrodes by integrating perovskite materials (La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.5Co0.5O3-δ, LSMCO) possessing redox reaction ability with graphene nanoplatelets exhibiting good electronic properties. One of the resultant composites (L25G70) demonstrated high capacitance and excellent capacitance retention (95% after 5000 cycles). These results are superior to other electrodes (L50G45 and L75G20) containing a larger ratio of LSMCO, even L75G20 did not exhibit supercapacitor behavior after 3000 cycles. GN can induce structural distortion in LSMCO, thereby the high amount of adsorbed oxygen per lattice oxygen can explain the best electrochemical performance of L25G70, while structural collapse rationalized the failure of L75G20. The findings of this study demonstrated that the use of LSMCO can improve the cycling stability of supercapacitors.
Role of gas–molecular cluster–aerosol dynamics in atmospheric new-particle formation
Authors: Olenius Tinja , Roldin Pontus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNew-particle formation from vapors through molecular cluster formation is a central process affecting atmospheric aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei numbers, and a significant source of uncertainty in assessments of aerosol radiative forcing. While advances in experimental and computational methods provide improved assessments of particle formation rates from different species, the standard approach to implement these data in aerosol models rests on highly simplifying assumptions concerning gas–cluster–aerosol dynamics. To quantify the effects of the simplifications, we develop an open-source tool for explicitly simulating the dynamics of the complete particle size spectrum from vapor molecules and molecular clusters to larger aerosols for multi-compound new-particle formation. We demonstrate that the simplified treatment is a reasonable approximation for particle formation from weakly clustering chemical compounds, but results in overprediction of particle numbers and of the contribution of new-particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei for strongly clustering, low-concentration trace gases. The new explicit approach circumvents these issues, thus enabling robust model–measurement comparisons, improved assessment of the importance of different particle formation agents, and construction of optimal simplifications for large-scale models.
Just Add Data: automated predictive modeling for knowledge discovery and feature selection
Authors: Tsamardinos Ioannis , Charonyktakis Paulos , Papoutsoglou Georgios , Borboudakis Giorgos , Lakiotaki Kleanthi , Zenklusen Jean Claude , Juhl Hartmut , Chatzaki Ekaterini , Lagani Vincenzo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFully automated machine learning (AutoML) for predictive modeling is becoming a reality, giving rise to a whole new field. We present the basic ideas and principles of Just Add Data Bio (JADBio), an AutoML platform applicable to the low-sample, high-dimensional omics data that arise in translational medicine and bioinformatics applications. In addition to predictive and diagnostic models ready for clinical use, JADBio focuses on knowledge discovery by performing feature selection and identifying the corresponding biosignatures, i.e., minimal-size subsets of biomarkers that are jointly predictive of the outcome or phenotype of interest. It also returns a palette of useful information for interpretation, clinical use of the models, and decision making. JADBio is qualitatively and quantitatively compared against Hyper-Parameter Optimization Machine Learning libraries. Results show that in typical omics dataset analysis, JADBio manages to identify signatures comprising of just a handful of features while maintaining competitive predictive performance and accurate out-of-sample performance estimation.
A 16th century Escherichia coli draft genome associated with an opportunistic bile infection
Authors: Long George S. , Klunk Jennifer , Duggan Ana T. , Tapson Madeline , Giuffra Valentina , Gazzè Lavinia , Fornaciari Antonio , Duchene Sebastian , Fornaciari Gino , Clermont Olivier , Denamur Erick , Golding G. Brian , Poinar Hendrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEscherichia coli – one of the most characterized bacteria and a major public health concern – remains invisible across the temporal landscape. Here, we present the meticulous reconstruction of the first ancient E. coli genome from a 16th century gallstone from an Italian mummy with chronic cholecystitis. We isolated ancient DNA and reconstructed the ancient E. coli genome. It consisted of one chromosome of 4446 genes and two putative plasmids with 52 genes. The E. coli strain belonged to the phylogroup A and an exceptionally rare sequence type 4995. The type VI secretion system component genes appears to be horizontally acquired from Klebsiella aerogenes, however we could not identify any pathovar specific genes nor any acquired antibiotic resistances. A sepsis mouse assay showed that a closely related contemporary E. coli strain was avirulent. Our reconstruction of this ancient E. coli helps paint a more complete picture of the burden of opportunistic infections of the past.
Molecular and cellular immune features of aged patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Lo Tartaro Domenico , Neroni Anita , Paolini Annamaria , Borella Rebecca , Mattioli Marco , Fidanza Lucia , Quong Andrew , Petes Carlene , Awong Geneve , Douglas Samuel , Lin Dongxia , Nieto Jordan , Gozzi Licia , Franceschini Erica , Busani Stefano , Nasi Milena , Mattioli Anna Vittoria , Trenti Tommaso , Meschiari Marianna , Guaraldi Giovanni , Girardis Massimo , Mussini Cristina , Gibellini Lara , Cossarizza Andrea , De Biasi Sara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAging is a major risk factor for developing severe COVID-19, but few detailed data are available concerning immunological changes after infection in aged individuals. Here we describe main immune characteristics in 31 patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection who were >70 years old, compared to 33 subjects <60 years of age. Differences in plasma levels of 62 cytokines, landscape of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, T cell repertoire, transcriptome of central memory CD4+ T cells, specific antibodies are reported along with features of lung macrophages. Elderly subjects have higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, more circulating plasmablasts, reduced plasmatic level of anti-S and anti-RBD IgG3 antibodies, lower proportions of central memory CD4+ T cells, more immature monocytes and CD56+ pro-inflammatory monocytes, lower percentages of circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh), antigen-specific cTfh cells with a less activated transcriptomic profile, lung resident activated macrophages that promote collagen deposition and fibrosis. Our study underlines the importance of inflammation in the response to SARS-CoV-2 and suggests that inflammaging, coupled with the inability to mount a proper anti-viral response, could exacerbate disease severity and the worst clinical outcome in old patients.
Iron commensalism of mesenchymal glioblastoma promotes ferroptosis susceptibility upon dopamine treatment
Authors: Vo Vu T. A. , Kim Sohyun , Hua Tuyen N. M. , Oh Jiwoong , Jeong Yangsik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) leads to poor patient prognosis. Here, we aim to investigate the mechanism through which GBM heterogeneity is coordinated to promote tumor progression. We find that proneural (PN)-GBM stem cells (GSCs) secreted dopamine (DA) and transferrin (TF), inducing the proliferation of mesenchymal (MES)-GSCs and enhancing their susceptibility toward ferroptosis. PN-GSC-derived TF stimulates MES-GSC proliferation in an iron-dependent manner. DA acts in an autocrine on PN-GSC growth in a DA receptor D1-dependent manner, while in a paracrine it induces TF receptor 1 expression in MES-GSCs to assist iron uptake and thus enhance ferroptotic vulnerability. Analysis of public datasets reveals worse prognosis of patients with heterogeneous GBM with high iron uptake than those with other GBM subtypes. Collectively, the findings here provide evidence of commensalism symbiosis that causes MES-GSCs to become iron-addicted, which in turn provides a rationale for targeting ferroptosis to treat resistant MES GBM.
Integrative multi-omic analysis identifies genetically influenced DNA methylation biomarkers for breast and prostate cancers
Authors: Sathyanarayanan Anita , Tanha Hamzeh M. , Mehta Divya , Nyholt Dale R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAberrant DNA methylation has emerged as a hallmark in several cancers and contributes to risk, oncogenesis, progression, and prognosis. In this study, we performed imputation-based and conventional methylome-wide association analyses for breast cancer (BrCa) and prostate cancer (PrCa). The imputation-based approach identified DNA methylation at cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) associated with BrCa and PrCa risk utilising genome-wide association summary statistics (NBrCa = 228,951,NPrCa = 140,254) and prebuilt methylation prediction models, while the conventional approach identified CpG associations utilising TCGA and GEO experimental methylation data (NBrCa = 621,NPrCa = 241). Enrichment analysis of the association results implicated 77 and 81 genetically influenced CpGs for BrCa and PrCa, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of differential gene expression around these CpGs suggests a genome-epigenome-transcriptome mechanistic relationship. Conditional analyses identified multiple independent secondary SNP associations (Pcond < 0.05) around 28 BrCa and 22 PrCa CpGs. Cross-cancer analysis identified eight common CpGs, including a strong therapeutic target inSREBF1(17p11.2)—a key player in lipid metabolism. These findings highlight the utility of integrative analysis of multi-omic cancer data to identify robust biomarkers and understand their regulatory effects on cancer risk.
An investigation of the cognitive and neural correlates of semantic memory search related to creative ability
Authors: Ovando-Tellez Marcela , Benedek Mathias , Kenett Yoed N. , Hills Thomas , Bouanane Sarah , Bernard Matthieu , Belo Joan , Bieth Theophile , Volle Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCreative ideas likely result from searching and combining semantic memory knowledge, yet the mechanisms acting on memory to yield creative ideas remain unclear. Here, we identified the neurocognitive correlates of semantic search components related to creative abilities. We designed an associative fluency task based on polysemous words and distinguished two search components related to clustering and switching between the different meanings of the polysemous words. Clustering correlated with divergent thinking, while switching correlated with the ability to combine remote associates. Furthermore, switching correlated with semantic memory structure and executive abilities, and was predicted by connectivity between the default, control, and salience neural networks. In contrast, clustering relied on interactions between control, salience, and attentional neural networks. Our results suggest that switching captures interactions between memory structure and control processes guiding the search whereas clustering may capture attentional controlled processes for persistent search, and that alternations between exploratory search and focused attention support creativity.
1D Majorana Goldstinos and partial supersymmetry breaking in quantum wires
Authors: Marra Pasquale , Inotani Daisuke , Nitta Muneto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRealizing Majorana modes in topological superconductors, i.e., the condensed-matter counterpart of Majorana fermions in particle physics, may lead to a major advance in the field of topologically-protected quantum computation. Here, we introduce one-dimensional, counterpropagating, and dispersive Majorana modes as bulk excitations of a periodic chain of partially-overlapping, zero-dimensional Majorana modes in proximitized nanowires via periodically-modulated fields. This system realizes centrally-extended quantum-mechanical supersymmetry with spontaneous partial supersymmetry breaking. The massless Majorana modes are the Nambu-Goldstone fermions (Goldstinos) associated with the spontaneously broken supersymmetry. Their experimental fingerprint is a dip-to-peak transition in the zero-bias conductance, which is generally not expected for Majorana modes overlapping at a finite distance. Moreover, the Majorana modes can slide along the wire by applying a rotating magnetic field, realizing a “Majorana pump”. This may suggest new braiding protocols and implementations of topological qubits.
Site-specific electronic and magnetic excitations of the skyrmion material Cu2OSeO3
Authors: Gu Yanhong , Wang Yilin , Lin Jiaqi , Pelliciari Jonathan , Li Jiemin , Han Myung-Geun , Schmidt Marcus , Kotliar Gabriel , Mazzoli Claudio , Dean Mark P. M. , Bisogni Valentina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe manifestation of skyrmions in the Mott-insulator Cu2OSeO3 originates from a delicate balance between magnetic and electronic energy scales. As a result of these intertwined couplings, the two symmetry-inequivalent magnetic ions, Cu-I and Cu-II, bond into a spin S = 1 entangled tetrahedron. However, conceptualizing the unconventional properties of this material and the energy of the competing interactions is a challenging task due to the complexity of this system. Here we combine X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering to uncover the electronic and magnetic excitations of Cu2OSeO3 with site-specificity. We quantify the energies of the 3d crystal-field splitting for both Cu-I and Cu-II, fundamental for optimizing model Hamiltonians. Additionally, we unveil a site-specific magnetic mode, indicating that individual spin character is preserved within the entangled-tetrahedron picture. Our results thus provide experimental constraints for validating theories that describe the interactions of Cu2OSeO3, highlighting the site-selective capabilities of resonant spectroscopies.
A stakeholder group assessment of interactions between child health and the sustainable development goals in Cambodia
Authors: Helldén Daniel , Chea Thy , Sok Serey , Järnberg Linn , Nordenstedt Helena , Tomson Göran , Nilsson Måns , Alfvén Tobias 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
With the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, a systematic assessment of how the goals influence child health and vice versa has been lacking. We aimed to contribute to such an assessment by investigating the interactions between child health and the Sustainable Development Goals in Cambodia.

Methods
Based on the SDG Synergies approach, 272 interactions between 16 Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals and child health were evaluated by an interdisciplinary Cambodian stakeholder group. From this a cross-impact matrix was derived and network analysis applied to determine first and second-order effects of the interactions with a focus on child health.

Results
We show that with the exception of Cambodian Sustainable Development Goal 15 (life on land) the interactions are perceived to be synergistic between the child health and the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals, and progress on Cambodian Sustainable Development Goal 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions) could have the largest potential to contribute to the achievement of the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals, both when it comes to first and second-order interactions.

Conclusions
In this stakeholder assessment, our findings provide novel insights on how complex relationships play out at the country level and highlight important synergies and trade-offs, vital for accelerating the work toward the betterment of child health and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Model‐based online efficiency control of induction motor drives based on nonlinear technique
Authors: Mosaddegh Hesar Hamidreza , Ayaz Khoshhava Mojtaba , Abootorabi Zarchi Hossein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo accomplish benefits such as high accuracy and fast response, the model‐based loss minimisation algorithms (LMAs) are introduced in the literature, as one of the main available techniques for minimising power losses in electrical motors. They are appropriate for dynamic applications, which necessitate very fast update of the control variable. This study proposes a novel real‐time LMA based on super‐twisting sliding mode controller (SMC) for induction motor (IM) drives, while keeping a good dynamic response. In this regard, a loss minimisation criterion for the efficiency optimisation is proposed and scrutinised. It is shown analytically that LMA will be realised if the nonlinear controller forces this criterion to zero. Moreover, a super‐twisting SMC integrated with the iron loss is proposed which directly regulates both the power loss‐minimising criterion and the electromagnetic torque by choosing those as control outputs. The stability of the super‐twisting SMC is also verified through the Lyapunov's stability principle. The complete closed‐loop control of the proposed LMA‐based IM drive is successfully implemented in real‐time using a digital signal processor board TMS320F28335 for a laboratory 3‐phase IM drive of 2.2 kW. The performance and functionality of the proposed scheme are assessed through experimental results.
A novel deep learning based peer‐to‐peer transaction method for prosumers under two‐stage market environment
Authors: Peng Dajian , Xiao Hao , Pei Wei , Sun Hongjian , Ye Shuang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the development of the electricity market, peer‐to‐peer (P2P) transaction plays an important role in promoting local consumption of renewable energy and arousing the enthusiasm of prosumers. However, due to the diversification of prosumers, the confidentiality of the information and the interaction between prosumers, there are increasing challenges for the traditional model‐based optimisation methods in both P2P modelling and model solution accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel P2P transaction method based on deep learning under a two‐stage market environment, which uses a data‐driven approach to build a transaction behaviour model based on public information. The neural network model based on Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) is utilised to characterise the behaviour of prosumers in P2P transactions effectively. Based on this model, the energy consumption plans and P2P bids of prosumers are optimised accordingly. Through the simulation test of an example system with six prosumers, the results show that the model established can well represent the P2P transaction behaviour of prosumers, and the proposed method can effectively improve the efficiency of P2P transactions and the economic benefits of prosumers, providing a reference for the decision‐making of P2P transactions.