bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision Technologies in Solving Problems of Automation of Processing and Recognition of Biological Objects
Authors: Panarin R.N. , Soloviev А.А. , Хворова Любовь Анатольевна 
Published: April 2022

The article considers the application of artificial intelligence and computer vision technologies to solve the automation of processing and analysis of botanical micro and macro objects (images of fern spores). Also, there is a problem of developing software for a digital twin of an agrobot. The first problem is an interdisciplinary research aimed at solving applied and fundamental problems in botanical objects' biosystematics and studying microevolutionary processes using computer vision technologies, methods of intelligent image analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. The article presents the developed software module FAST (Functional Automated System Tool) for solving the direct problem — performing measurements from images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, virtual herbaria image library, entomological collections, or images taken in a natural environment.
The second problem is software development for the digital twin of the agrorobot, designed for precise mechanical processing of plants and soil. The proposed solution includes several components: the control unit — NVIDIA Jetson NANO computing module; the actuator — 6-axis robotic arm; the machine vision unit based on an Intel RealSense camera; the chassis unit — tracked tracks and software drivers and components for their control. The digital twin of the robot considers the environmental conditions and the landscape of the operation area.
The use of ROS (Robot Operating System) allows minimal effort to transfer a digital model to a physical one (prototype and serial robot) without changing the source code. Furthermore, consideration of the environmental conditions during the programming stage provides opportunities for further development and testing of real-life mathematical models for device control.
Severe Hepatocellular Liver Injury After COVID-19 Vaccination Without Autoimmune Hepatitis Features: A Case Series
Authors: Hoo Chai-Zhen , Tan Kar-Choon , Abdullah Salmi , Sim Benedict Lim-Heng , Omar Haniza , Tan Soek-Siam 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Various vaccines were developed and administered to end the pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). These vaccines caused rare side effects not known during clinical trials. We report 2 cases of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury where the Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine was administered. Both cases showed hepatocellular liver injury with negative autoimmune features on serology and histology and progressed to a protracted course of severe jaundice and pruritus before resolving without any immunosuppressants. We hope to raise awareness of possible rare side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine so that physicians can be vigilant.
Detection of subarachnoid haemorrhage with spectrophotometry of cerebrospinal fluid – a comparison of two methods
Authors: Clarin Marcus , Petersson Annika , Zetterberg Henrik , Ekblom Kim 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Spectrophotometric absorption curve analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for oxyhaemoglobin and bilirubin is necessary to accurately diagnose subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in patients with typical symptoms but with negative findings on X-ray examinations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of two methods for interpreting absorption curves; one method from the United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service (UK-NEQAS) and the other from the national quality assurance programme in Sweden (Equalis).

Methods
Consecutive absorbance curves (n=336) were interpreted with two different methods, and their performance was compared to the diagnosis as stated in the patient records.

Results
The UK-NEQAS method displayed equal sensitivity to the Equalis method, but the specificity of the UK-NEQAS method was significantly higher than the Equalis method resulting in fewer false positive results. For UK-NEQAS, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 84.6% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.7% were observed, whereas the Equalis method had a PPV of 27.5% and an NPV of 99.7%.

Conclusions
The semi-automated method based on the guidelines from UK-NEQAS provides an efficient and correct interpretation of absorbance curves with short turn-around times. We propose using this method for the routine interpretation of CSF spectrophotometric curves.
A triple band pattern reconfigurable planar antenna for 5G applications
Authors: Saritha Vanka , Prasanna Pechetti Divya Naga Sai , Chandrasekhar Chakali , Jhansi Rani Areti , Venkateswararao Manikonda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a triple-band planar antenna with diverse radiation patterns. The proposed planar antenna is a modified swastika shape with three fingers and the ground plane is a circle with rectangular slots etched on four sides radially. The slotted ground plane is loaded with Four PIN diodes to realign the surface current. Pattern reconfigurability is achieved at the triple bands by changing the states of the diode. The antenna operates in triple bands centered at 2.2, 2.9 and 3.5 GHz. The antenna is printed on FR4 Epoxy substrate. The simulated reflection coefficient is well below −10dB at resonant frequencies. The measured patterns and return loss are in very close agreement with the simulated results. This antenna can find potential applications in 5G systems.
The Early Neolithic Cultural Transformation in the Targowisko Settlement Region, SE Poland
Authors: Kadrow Sławomir , Forysiak Jacek , Okupny Daniel , Saile Thomas , Posselt Martin , Rauba-Bukowska Anna , Wąs Marcin , Twardy Juliusz , Golański Adam , Abramów Joanna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of the article is to characterize the early Neolithic settlement region of Targowisko in SE Poland. It is located on the northern edge of the Western Carpathians, 30&#x00A0;km east of Krakow. It functioned during the development of the entire Linear Pottery culture (LBK) and the subsequent Malice culture (MC), in the period from 5300 to 4500 BC. The focus was on the cultural transformation at the turn of the 6th to the 5th millennium BC. Cases of decisive cultural change (e.&#x200A;g. forms and ornamentation of ceramics, dwellings construction, directions of the supply of stone materials, the organization of inhabited space) and cases of continuity (elements of ceramics technology and flint production, continuation of settlement processes and subsistence strategy) were recorded. Cultural change is best represented by the symbolic realm and continuity in the utilitarian realm. These processes were projected onto a reconstructed, dynamic picture of environmental changes recorded in the palynological and geochemical material. Impulses from various cultural environments contributed to the formation of the MC, which proves its heterogeneous character and the complicated course of its genesis.
Association Between Physical Functioning and Time Until a New Hospitalization in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Silva Anderson Martins , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Torres Juliana Lustosa , de Souza Maria Geracina , de Carvalho Darlene Graciele , Kosour Carolina , Viana Joana Ude , da Silva Silvia Lanziotti Azevedo 
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose:
Physical functioning refers to the ability to independently perform activities that require physical ability, and may be an important tool for predicting a higher risk of hospitalization. The objective of this study was to verify whether aspects of physical functioning are independently associated with the risk for new hospitalization in older adults seen in primary health care.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study consisted of 473 older adults 60 years and older who had not been hospitalized in the prior year. Hospitalization records were obtained with authorization from the hospital admission. Depending on physical functioning, the probability of a new hospital admission within the next 5 years was determined based on survival analysis and the Kaplan-Meier curve. Physical functioning was evaluated using 5 easy-to-administer tests: handgrip strength using a Jamar dynamometer, functional performance using the Short Physical Performance Battery, balance using the step test, mobility using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and gait speed using the 4-m walk test. The association between poor physical functioning and new hospitalization was verified using a Cox regression model, adjusted for sex, age, number of comorbidities, number of medications, and BMI. Models were implemented separately for each physical functioning test.

Results:
In the sample, 32% had been hospitalized at least once in 5 years. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a decrease in the probability of nonhospitalization within the next 5 years. Cox regression analysis showed an association between hospitalization within the next 5 years and mobility on the TUG test of more than 12.4 seconds in the crude (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.10-1.60) and adjusted models (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.02-1.56), and balance using the step test of more than 7.5 seconds in the crude (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.03-1.56) model.

Conclusions:
Physical functioning tests demonstrated that poor physical performance predicts new hospitalization, and reinforced the importance of their application in physical therapy practice in primary health care settings.
A Review on Melt Flow Index Characteristics of Polylactide (PLA) for Recycle Use in 3-D Printing
Authors: Wu M. Y. T. , Mak S. L. , Tang W. F. , Li C. H. , Chan T. W. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plastic wastage is one of the major environmental pollution problems. The method for manipulating such wastage has become a challenging work in recent decades. This paper reviews the usages of plastic materials and possible recycling methods in the field of additive manufacturing. Recently, fused deposition modeling (FDM), which applies the thermoplastic filaments as the basic material for printing 3-D objects directly without using traditional molding techniques, has been widely adopted, especially in the education industries. The feasibility study of applying recycled polylactide or polylactic acid (PLA) as an alternative feedstock for FDM has been conducted. Melt flow index is one of the important factors that affects the setup of operation parameters of 3-D printers. The objective of this paper is to provide the foundation for possible further studies on the application of recycled polymeric material in 3-D printing. A review of injection characteristics of PLA studies that are related to the melt flow index has been addressed. Methods for improving the printing performance of using recycled PLA filament in 3-D printers are also proposed in this paper.
food charter as a critical food guidance tool in a rural area
Authors: Cole Donald , Needham Laura , Markowitz Philly 
Published: April 2022

Food charters have been one means of mobilizing critical food guidance relevant discussions among stakeholders and policy makers in rural areas. As actors in the rural food system of Grey and Bruce counties, we describe the counties' charter development led by the Food Security Action Group. We deepen discussion of each of the six domains (health, social justice, culture, education, sustainable economic development, and environment) through examples of alternative food initiatives and practices, which both informed the charter and were supported by it. We emphasize the cross-domain synergies realized as examples of critical food guidance, while cautioning about the constraints facing county efforts in the face of ongoing changes at provincial to global levels that are not consonant with the Food Charter vision.
Critical perspectives on food guidance
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , Desjardins Ellen 
Published: April 2022

Critical food guidance began as an inspiration, blossomed into a concept and then became a focal point for thinking about food system change. It will continue to evolve as we grapple with the complexities of the industrial food system and work toward alternative approaches.
As a step in the evolution of a multi-dimensional approach to food, this themed issue asks three basic questions: critical guidance for what, for whom, and by whom? While engaging with these questions, the authors have put forward critical concepts, proposed mindful decision-making, provided contexts for transformation, and presented innovative applications—all with the purpose of spurring broader thinking about food choices that can benefit both food system sustainability and human health
Possibilities of immunotropic drugs of thymic origin in cancer patients
Authors: Pasova I. A. , Grivtsova L. Yu. , Mushkarina T. Yu. , Gelm Yu. V. , Ivanov S. A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. At present, in the light of impressive scientific achievements in tumor immunology, the question of the need for immunotherapeutic support in the treatment of cancer patients is especially relevant. Increasing attention is paid to the quality of life of patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. However, the standards of immunotropic therapy in the complex and combined treatment of an oncological patient have not yet been developed. In the Russian Federation, more than 30 years ago, Timalin, a complex of peptides of thymic origin, was registered and approved for use in cancer patients.The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of Timalin to improve the quality of life of cancer patients during standard therapy.Materials and methods. The study included 20 cancer patients, mostly with III–IV stages of the disease. All patients underwent a study of immunological status indicators before the start of therapy. The main indicators of cellular and humoral immunity were assessed: T-cells, B-cells, NKT-cells, activation markers, NK-cells, immunoregulatory index. All patients received Timalin. To assess the quality of life of patients, a questionnaire was used: EQ-5D before the start of Timalin immunotherapy, then once a week for one course lasting 1 month.Results. After 1 month 9 patients responded that their health status increased by 20 points (on a 100‑point scale), 3 patients by 15 points, and 8 patients by 10 points. Against the background of immunotherapeutic support, all patients noted a decrease in the level of side effects in the process of special treatment for the underlying disease.Conclusion. The article shows that before treatment, the indicators of the immune status and the condition of patients required immunocorrective therapy. Substantiated conclusions were made about the need to consider the inclusion of thymic peptides in the standards of care for cancer patients.
Antitumor efficiency of sonodynamic therapy in combination with chlorine-based photosensitizer in experiments
Authors: Protopovich E. L. , Tzerkovsky D. A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Sonodynamic therapy is a topical research area in experimental oncology. The method is based on the combined use of photosensitizing agents with ultrasonic radiation with certain parameters. The result of this interaction is the induction of sonochemical reactions and the effect of cavitation in the tumor cell. The consequence is its death (apoptosis, autophagy).The study objective is to investigate the antitumor efficacy of sonodynamic therapy with a chlorine-based photosensitizer (PS) in an experiments on laboratory animals with transplantable tumors.Materials and methods. The experimental study was performed on 50 white outbred rats weighing 250 ± 50 grams. Subcutaneously transplanted Pliss lymphosarcoma (PLS) and alveolar liver cancer RS1 (RS1) were used as tumor models. Chlorine-based PS (Belmedpreparaty, Republic Belarus) was injected intravenously at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg. The ultrasound sessions (US) were carried out 2.5–4 hours (depending on the tumor strain) after the administration of the PS using the device Phyaction U (Gymna Yniphy, Belgium) with frequencies of 1.04 and 3 MHz, intensity of 2 W / cm2 and duration of 10 minutes in continuous mode. For each of the tumor model the study was performed on 25 laboratory animals subdivided into groups of 5 individuals: intact control, US 1.04 MHz; US 3 MHz; PS + US 1.04 MHz and PS + US 3 MHz. The criteria for assessing the antitumor efficacy were indicators of the dynamics of the growth of transplanted tumors: аverage volume of tumors (Vav, cm3), the coefficient of tumor growth inhibition (TGI, %), coefficient of absolute growth of tumors (K) and the frequency of complete regressions 60 days after treatment (%).Results. For PLS Vav in groups were 32.72 ± 7.23; 26.81 ± 1.06; 14.80 ± 5.08; 9.37 ± 6.05 and 22.25 ± 4.91 cm3, respectively (p ˂0.05). The coefficients TGI in the experimental groups were 20.27; 54.77; 71.36 and 31.99 %, respectively. Indicators K in groups were 21.64; 14.52; 6.12; 4.91 and 15.34, respectively. The frequency of complete tumor regressions 60 days after the start of the experiment was 0, 20, 20, 40 and 0 %, respectively. For RS1 Vav in groups were 23.29 ± 5.11; 6.22 ± 2.22; 11.78 ± 4.57; 6.38 ± 2.57 and 13.06 ± 3.53 cm3, respectively (p ˂0.05). The coefficient of TGI in the experimental groups were 73.25; 49.42; 72.60 and 43.92 %, respectively. Indicators K in groups were: 8.34; 1.11; 3.39; 2.91 and 5.05, respectively. The frequency of complete tumor regressions 60 days after the start of the experiment was 0, 0, 0, 40 and 0 %, respectively.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate a trend towards an increase in the antitumor effectiveness of the combined use of PS and sonodynamic therapy on various histological structures and growth patterns of transplanted tumors, as well as the prospects for further studies of the sonosensitizing properties of photosensitizing agents.
Efficiency of use of machine and tractor units operating with elastic damping drives of driving wheels
Authors: Polivaev Oleg I. , Pilyaev Sergei N. , Bolotov Dmitry B. 
Published: April 2022

Nowadays an urgent direction in agriculture is the issue of increasing the volume of production. In order to do this, it is necessary to have powerful energy facilities operating at high speed modes. But at the same time, the increased vibrations appear in the tractor transmission, which are transmitted from the soil. These fluctuations negatively affect the units and assemblies of the mobile power plant, lead to an increase in the consumption of fuel and lubricants, a deterioration in the ride smoothness, and also have a negative effect on the health of the vehicle operator. For this reason, it is necessary to improve the design of modern mobile power tools.
Analysis of works on this topic has shown that the most effective way to protect against dynamic loads from external influences is the setting of elastic elements in the final link of the transmission. The paper analyzes various designs of elastic damping drives (EDD). The design of the EDD of driving wheels was proposed (utility model patent of the Russian Federation No. 203460). The proposed blade EDD is rigidly fixed on the wheel disk and has two cavities. The forward stroke cavity is connected to two gas-hydraulic accumulators, one of which has an adjustable throttle, and the second cavity of the return stroke is connected to one gas-hydraulic accumulator. Both cavities of the damper are filled with a magneto-rheological fluid, which viscosity changes by electromagnetic coils, depending on changes in the oscillations of the moment on the semi-axes. The drives were installed on the MTZ-80.1 tractor. The studies were carried out as part of transport and arable units. When working with a transport unit on a dirt road due to the EDD the slipping of the propellers is reduced and the speed of movement is increased by 69 %. When the tractor is plowing, the skidding of the propellers is reduced by 1016 %, and the speed of movement is increased by 712 %. This increases the productivity of the tractor unit by 612 %.
Wavelet-Based Stochastic Model for Jointly Simulating Three-Component Ground Motions
Authors: Huang Duruo , Wang Zhuo 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTA large number of ground motions are needed in performance-based earthquake engineering. To date, most existing stochastic models are limited to simulating a single horizontal component of earthquake motions. This study proposes a wavelet-based stochastic method for jointly simulating three-component accelerograms using earthquake magnitudes, source-to-site distances, and site conditions as input. Based on the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 database, prediction equations are developed for wavelet-packet parameters of two horizontal and one vertical components. Correlations among these components are obtained to jointly simulate three-component motions based on earthquake scenarios. The simulated ground motions are systematically compared with existing ground-motion attenuation equations. The model has the capability to simulate the different frequency content of horizontal and vertical motions. The simulated vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratios are found to be consistent with observed strong-motion data. The model is applicable to shallow crustal earthquakes in an active tectonic region with a moment magnitude between 5 and 8, source-to-site distance from 0 to 100 km, and shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m (VS30) in the range of 150–1000 m/s. It can find important applications in 3D time-history analyses in performance-based earthquake engineering.
¿Cómo mejorar el desempeño de los equipos multiculturales? La diversidad como fuente de valor social
Authors: Guzmán-Rodríguez Laura Esmeralda , Bornay-Barrachina María del Mar , Arizkuren-Eleta Amaia 
Published: April 2022

La comprensión de la diversidad cultural laboral aún es limitada (Jang, 2017). Este estudio responde a la necesidad detectada (Arslan et al., 2021) de analizar mejor la relación entre el desempeño de los equipos multiculturales y las características de sus integrantes. Presentamos un análisis de la influencia del liderazgo transformacional, la experiencia previa internacional, la sensibilidad cultural y la adaptación al equipo sobre dicho desempeño. La información ha sido obtenida de 415 miembros de equipos multiculturales. Las pruebas estadísticas realizadas comprenden un análisis de fiabilidad y validez de las medidas con EQS, un análisis ANOVA para identificar las diferencias significativas a través de la comparación de las medias de las muestras y un análisis de regresión para testar las hipótesis. El número de nacionalidades, la etapa del proyecto, el género y el apoyo organizativo han sido variables de control en el modelo empírico. Respecto al grupo de integrantes, los resultados confirman que existe una relación positiva entre el liderazgo transformacional, la experiencia internacional previa, la sensibilidad cultural, la adaptación y el desempeño general del equipo. El grupo de líderes, por el contrario, solamente considera a la sensibilidad cultural como un factor importante que afecta el desempeño.
Recibido: 22 octubre 2021Aceptado: 14 febrero 2022
La contabilidad social como herramienta para la toma de decisiones en un entorno de contratación pública eficiente y socialmente responsable
Authors: Bernal Uribarrena Ramón , Alea Arrate Beloke 
Published: April 2022

En los últimos años, la contratación pública ha ido evolucionando hacia la consideración de que la misma no solo constituye un medio para satisfacer las necesidades de bienes o servicios, sino también para la implantación de políticas públicas. A través del presente artículo, se presenta la contabilidad social como herramienta para evaluar, de forma cuantitativa y objetiva, el valor social generado por las empresas en el desarrollo de los contratos del sector público. De esta forma, se invita a la reflexión a todas las partes intervinientes en los procesos de contratación pública.
Recibido: 29 octubre 2021Aceptado: 25 enero 2022