bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a qualitative study exploring haemodialysis dependent patients’ arteriovenous fistula experience, values and concerns in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Stavert Bethany Miriam , Monaro Susan , Tienstra Lisa , Naganathan Vasi , Aitken Sarah Joy 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe experiences of patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, with chronic mental illness, disabilities or who identify as sexual or religious minorities are under-represented in clinical research on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for haemodialysis access. A greater understanding of the experiences, values and concerns of these diverse patient groups are needed to provide haemodialysis access care that addresses the needs of all haemodialysis-dependent patients. This study seeks to describe a broad range of patient experiences related to the creation, care and surveillance of AVFs, including interactions with healthcare teams.Methods and analysisThis qualitative study will use semistructured interviews with individual patients purposefully selected to provide a diverse patient population. A deliberate strategy will be used to recruit a demographically broad range of participants. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts, using a constant comparative methodology, will generate themes that describe patient experiences, values and concerns. Findings from this study will give a nuanced insight into the experiences of patients on haemodialysis with respect to their AVF.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study was provided by the Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (REGIS identifier: 2021/ETH00362, CH reference number: CH62/6/2021-033). Results will be made available to the participants, local health district, funders and other researchers through various hospital and academic forums. Data will also be published in peer-reviewed journals and be part of a larger body of work looking into patient-reported outcome measures for patients with AVF.
Rationale and design of a prospective study evaluating population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Liu Xiao-Qin , Zhang Yu-Fei , Ding Hong-Yan , Yan Ming-Ming , Zhong Ming-Kang , Ma Chun-Lai 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionRivaroxaban is one of the most commonly used non-vitamin K antagonists for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Different individual exposures exist for Asian and non-Asian populations, and dose selection is different for Japanese and non-Japanese subjects. Few studies have investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients and provided a solid reference for dose selection and individualised therapy.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre prospective study. Rivaroxaban-treated Chinese NVAF patients will be recruited according to predetermined inclusion criteria. Blood samples will be collected from both outpatients and inpatients with different sampling strategies at steady state. Rivaroxaban plasma concentration, factor Xa activity, prothrombin time and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of candidate genes will be evaluated. Follow-up will be conducted following 3 and 6 months after enrolment to collect information about the safety and efficacy outcomes. A nonlinear mixed-effects modelling strategy will be used to develop a population PK-PD model of rivaroxaban.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University (KY2020-016). The study findings will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and shared with public health authorities.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100046685.
Association of functional health literacy and cognitive ability with self-reported diabetes in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fawns-Ritchie Chloe , Price Jackie , Deary Ian J 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesWe investigated whether functional health literacy and cognitive ability were associated with self-reported diabetes.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingData were from waves 2 (2004–2005) to 7 (2014–2015) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), a cohort study designed to be representative of adults aged 50 years and older living in England.Participants8669 ELSA participants (mean age=66.7, SD=9.7) who completed a brief functional health literacy test assessing health-related reading comprehension, and 4 cognitive tests assessing declarative memory, processing speed and executive function at wave 2.Primary outcome measureSelf-reported doctor diagnosis of diabetes.ResultsLogistic regression was used to examine cross-sectional (wave 2) associations of functional health literacy and cognitive ability with diabetes status. Adequate (compared with limited) functional health literacy (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.84) and higher cognitive ability (OR per 1 SD=0.73, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.80) were associated with lower odds of self-reporting diabetes at wave 2. Cox regression was used to test the associations of functional health literacy and cognitive ability measured at wave 2 with self-reporting diabetes over a median of 9.5 years follow-up (n=6961). Adequate functional health literacy (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.77) and higher cognitive ability (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.85) at wave 2 were associated with lower risk of self-reporting diabetes during follow-up. When both functional health literacy and cognitive ability were added to the same model, these associations were slightly attenuated. Additionally adjusting for health behaviours and body mass index fully attenuated cross-sectional associations between functional health literacy and cognitive ability with diabetes status, and partly attenuated associations between functional health literacy and cognitive ability with self-reporting diabetes during follow-up.ConclusionsAdequate functional health literacy and better cognitive ability were independently associated with lower likelihood of reporting diabetes.
High HDL-C and high LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium in a population-based cross-sectional study in Southern China: the Dongguan Eye Study
Authors: Zang Siwen , Chen Yanlei , Guo Haike , Zhang Min , Zhang Guanrong , Zhang Lixin , Zhang Liang , Liu Qingyang , Zeng Jin , Lo Chun-Han , Cui Ying , Meng Qianli 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between serum lipids and pterygium in a large-scale rural population aged 40 years or older from Southern China.Study designThe Dongguan Eye Study was a cross-sectional population-based study from September 2011 to February 2012.SettingThe area was set in the rural area of Dongguan, Southern China.ParticipantsAdult rural population aged 40 or older.MethodsParticipants underwent physical, haematological and ophthalmic examinations.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe frequency and risk factors of pterygium.ResultsA total of 11 357 participants were eligible for inclusion and 8952 (78.8%) participants were enrolled for the systemic and ophthalmic examinations. The prevalence of pterygium was 17.3% after adjusting the sex and age distribution, 22.0% in participants with hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥6.22 mmol/L (240 mg/dL)) and 21.8% in those with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL), respectively. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, higher level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.41) and LDL-C (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.20) were positively associated with the risk of pterygium. The ORs for HDL-C or LDL-C with pterygium were significantly greater in participants aged 40–49 years than those aged 50 years or above (P for interaction <0.001). Furthermore, increased HDL-C showed greater association with pterygium in normal body mass index (BMI) group compared with overweight group (P for interaction=0.002).ConclusionIncreased HDL-C and LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium, especially in people <50 years or those with normal BMI level. Strict control of HDL-C and LDL-C may be a new prevention method in reducing the risk of pterygium.
Mapping mad maps and recovery tools developed by mental health service users and survivors of psychiatry: a scoping review
Authors: Sampietro Hernán María , Carmona Viviana R , Rojo J Emilio , Gómez-Benito J 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSince 1997, several tools based on the experiences of users and survivors of psychiatry have been developed with the goal of promoting self-determination in recovery, empowerment and well-being.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to identify these tools and their distinctive features, and to know how they were created, implemented and evaluated.MethodThis work was conducted in accordance with a published Scoping Review protocol, following the Arksey and O’Malley approach and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. Five search strategies were used, including contact with user and survivor networks, academic database searching (Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of Science), grey literature searching, Google Scholar searching and reference harvesting. We focused on tools, elaborated by users and survivors, and studies reporting the main applications of them. The searches were performed between 21 July and 22 September 2022. Two approaches were used to display the data: descriptive analysis and thematic analysis.ResultsSix tools and 35 studies were identified, most of them originating in the USA and UK. Thematic analysis identified six goals of the tools: improving wellness, navigating crisis, promoting recovery, promoting empowerment, facilitating mutual support and coping with oppression. Of the 35 studies identified, 34 corresponded to applications of the Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP). All of them, but one, evaluated group workshops implementations. The most common objective was to evaluate symptom improvement. Only eight studies included users and survivors as part of the research team.ConclusionsOnly the WRAP has been widely disseminated and investigated. Despite the tools were designed to be implemented by peers, it seems they have been usually implemented without them as trainers. Even when these tools are not aimed to promote clinical recovery, in practice the most disseminated recovery tool is being used in this way.
Endothelin antagonism reduces hemoglobin A1c in patients with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Stapel Jennifer R. , Speed Joshua S. , Clemmer John S. 
Published: June 2022

Our lab recently reported that the blockade of endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptors attenuates insulin resistance in obese mice; therefore, we hypothesized that patients taking ET-1 receptor antagonists (ERAs) will have improved glycemic control. University of Mississippi Medical Center (2013–2020) electronic health record (EPIC) data were extracted from patients ≥18 years old with a clinical diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (Food and Drug Administration indication for ERA use) and at least two clinical visits within 2 years. Patients prescribed ERAs ( n = 11) were similar in age (61 ± 14 years vs. 60 ± 14 years), body mass index (BMI) (34 ± 8 kg/m 2 vs. 35 ± 11 kg/m2), diabetes prevalence (73% vs. 80%, p = 0.59), and follow-up time (209 ± 74 days vs. 283 ± 180 days) compared with patients not taking ERAs ( n = 137). There was a small but similar decrease in BMI at follow-up in the ERA (−1.9 ± 3 kg/m2) and control patients (−1.6 ± 5 kg/m2). At follow-up, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) significantly decreased −12% ± 11% of baseline in patients taking ERAs, while this did not occur in the control patients (2% ± 20% increase in HbA1c). In the whole population, baseline HbA1c and ERA prescription predicted the fall in HbA1c, while there was no significant association with demographics, diabetes prevalence, and diabetic treatment. These data suggest a potential role of ET-1 in promoting insulin resistance and warrant further investigation into using these drugs for glycemic control.
Lepton flavor violating Z and Higgs decays in the scotogenic model
Authors: Hundi Raghavendra Srikanth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, we have studied lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays ofZgauge boson and Higgs boson (H) in the scotogenic model. We have computed branching ratios for the decays$$Z\rightarrow \ell _\alpha \ell _\beta $$Z→ℓαℓβand$$H\rightarrow \ell _\alpha \ell _\beta $$H→ℓαℓβin this model. Here,$$\ell _\alpha $$ℓαand$$\ell _\beta $$ℓβare different charged lepton fields. After fitting to the neutrino oscillation observables in the scotogenic model, we have found that the branching ratios for the LFV decays ofZandHcan be as large as$$\sim 10^{-8}$$∼10-8and$$\sim 10^{-3}$$∼10-3respectively. However, after satisfying the constraints due to non-observation of$$\ell _\alpha \rightarrow \ell _\beta \gamma $$ℓα→ℓβγdecays, the above mentioned branching ratio results are found to be suppressed by a factor of$$\sim 10^{-7}$$∼10-7.
Genetic Variations in Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway Genes and Risk of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Liu Wenlong , Zeng Qingxiang , Zeng Yinhui , Tang Yiquan , Luo Renzhong 
Published: June 2022

Background. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most frequent inflammatory disorder in the nasal mucosa that remains unclear etiology. Mounting studies suggested that genetic instability could trigger and worsen the inflammatory response. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system is an important pathway in maintaining the stability of the genome. Therefore, the genetic variations in NER pathway genes may have potential effects on AR risk. Methods. We evaluated the correlation between 19 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NER pathway genes and AR susceptibility by a case-control study in a Chinese population, which contains 508 AR cases and 526 controls. Results. Three independent SNPs were identified as significantly associated with AR susceptibility, including ERCC1 rs2298881

C
>
A

(recessive model: adjusted odds ratios

OR

=
0.30

,

95
%
confidence

interval

CI

=
0.18
–
0.50

,

P
<
0.0001

), ERCC1 rs11615

G
>
A

(dominant model:

adjusted

OR
=
1.44

,

95
%
CI
=
1.04
–
2.01

,

P
=
0.030

), and XPC rs2228001

A
>
C

(dominant model:

adjusted

OR
=
0.68

,

95
%
CI
=
0.49
–
0.95

,

P
=
0.024

). Stratified analysis showed that ERCC1 rs2298881 AA genotype was correlated with a lower risk of AR among all the subgroups compared with rs2298881 CC/CA genotype. XPC rs2228001 AC/CC genotype reduced AR risk among the following subgroups:

age
>
60

months, clinical stage I and III. Conclusion. Our finding showed that genetic variations in NER pathway genes: ERCC1 and XPC may affect the risk of AR, which will provide new insights into the genetics of AR from the perspective of DNA damage repair.
Effect of Hypertension on Efficacy and Safety of Ticagrelor-Aspirin Versus Clopidogrel-Aspirin in Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Wang Anxin , Meng Xia , Tian Xue , Johnston S. Claiborne , Li Hao , Bath Philip M. , Zuo Yingting , Xie Xuewei , Jing Jing , Lin Jinxi , Wang Yilong , Zhao Xingquan , Li Zixiao , Jiang Yong , Liu Liping , Wang Feng , Wang Yanxia , Huang Panbing , Chen Guofang , Wang Yongjun ,   for the CHANCE-2 Investigators
Published: June 2022

Background:
Hypertension is a risk factor of poor stroke outcomes and associated with antiplatelet resistance. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor-aspirin versus clopidogrel-aspirin in patients with different hypertension status, using randomized trial data from the CHANCE-2 trial (Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients With Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events-II).

Methods:

A total of 6412 patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack who carried
CYP2C19
loss-of-function alleles were enrolled and randomized to either ticagrelor-aspirin or clopidogrel-aspirin group. Hypertension status were classified into no, newly diagnosed, and previously diagnosed hypertension according to medical history, blood pressure, and antihypertensive medications during hospitalization. The primary efficacy and safety outcomes were stroke recurrence and moderate to severe bleeding risk within 90-day follow-up.

Results:

Ticagrelor-aspirin was associated with reduced risk of new stroke in patients without hypertension (32 [4.8%] versus 60 [7.2%]; hazard ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.35–0.86]), but not in those with a newly diagnosed hypertension (20 [5.3%] versus 36 [9.1%]; hazard ratio 0.59 [95% CI, 0.33–1.07]), or those with a previously diagnosed hypertension (139 [7.0%] versus 147 [7.4%]; hazard ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.74–1.18]) compared with clopidogrel-aspirin (
P
=0.04 for interaction). The risk of bleeding for ticagrelor-aspirin was not associated with hypertension status (0.1% versus 0.4%; 0.3% versus 0.5%, 0.4% versus 0.3%,
P
=0.50 for interaction). All the efficacy and safety outcomes between treatments did not differ by blood pressure levels on admission.

Conclusions:
In the CHANCE-2 trial, patients without hypertension received a significantly greater benefit from ticagrelor- aspirin than those with previous hypertension after minor stroke or transient ischemic attack, and a similar benefit trend was observed in those with newly diagnosed hypertension.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04078737.
2022 Brief Practice Update on Intravenous Thrombolysis Before Thrombectomy in Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Statement from Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards (GAPS) Committee
Authors: Masoud Hesham E. , de Havenon Adam , Castonguay Alicia C. , Asif Kaiz S. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Mehta Brijesh , Abdalkader Mohamad , Gutierrez Santiago Ortega , Leslie‐Mazwi Thabele M. , Mansour Ossama Y. , Ma Alice , Czap Alexandra L. , Kenmuir Cynthia L. , Sheth Sunil A. , Novakovic‐White Roberta , Nour May , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Janardhan Vallabh , Hassan Ameer E. , Liebeskind David S. , Malik Amer M. , Zaidat Osama O. 
Published: June 2022

Background
The Society of Vascular & Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards committee established the “Brief Practice Update” format to provide up‐to‐date recommendations on focused clinical topics with emerging clinical trial results. For our inaugural Brief Practice Update, we review current evidence and provide recommendations for administering intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy; combination therapy (mechanical thrombectomy plus intravenous thrombolysis) versus stand‐alone mechanical thrombectomy approach in acute ischemic stroke secondary to emergent large vessel occlusion.

Methods
The Society of Vascular & Interventional Neurology Guidelines and Practice Standards committee members formed a writing group to review results of the most recent clinical trials of pre‐mechanical thrombectomy intravenous thrombolysis. The group summarized recent clinical data to provide recommendations for clinical practice. Brief Practice Update recommendations were vetted by the Guidelines and Practice Standards quality committee to ensure adherence to Society of Vascular & Interventional Neurology standard evaluation of evidence and endorsement was obtained following formal review by the Board of Directors.

Results
We present a focused review of recently published clinical trials and a meta‐analysis of combination intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy versus a stand‐alone direct‐to‐mechanical thrombectomy treatment approach in ischemic stroke patients with emergent large vessel occlusion. Level of evidence and class of recommendation were vetted by the Guidelines and Practice Standards committee.

Conclusions
We share general recommendations on pre‐mechanical thrombectomy thrombolysis, using analysis of available evidence from recent randomized clinical trial data. Recommendations provided by the Society of Vascular & Interventional Neurology Brief Practice Update are not intended to replace an individualized approach to clinical decision making and patient care.
“Full and Impartial Justice”: Robert Morris and the Equal School Rights Movement in Massachusetts
Authors: Baumgartner Kabria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In early nineteenth-century Boston, African American children and youth faced severe educational inequalities and inequities in the city's racially segregated public school system. In response, Robert Morris and other African American youth organized for change. This article traces their organizing efforts, from establishing a literary society to petitioning the Massachusetts state legislature. Their collective work resulted in the overthrow of racially segregated public schools in Boston in 1855.
Girls’ High School and the “Wild Facts” of Race in Pauline Hopkins's Of One Blood
Authors: Chapnick Max L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This essay discusses Pauline Hopkins's Of One Blood in the context of Hopkins's education at Boston's Girls' High, William James's new psychology, and radical Black Boston, including W.E.B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter. Hopkins's novel intervenes in debates over scientific disciplinization and Black education.
Race, Reuse, and Reform: Preserving the Garrison House, Contesting Garrisonianism in Turn-of-the-Century Boston
Authors: Webster Madeline 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In 1900, Black Bostonians purchased the Roxbury home of William Lloyd Garrison with the intent to preserve it as an antislavery memorial. As the St. Monica's Home for Colored Women and Children, the house immediately became a site of contestation between the followers of William Monroe Trotter and Booker T. Washington.
From Bhauma to Vārāha: The Shifting Lineage Identity of the Kāmarūpa Rulers in Northeast India, 7th–12th Century
Authors: Shin Jae-Eun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To show how a frontier power of pre-modern South Asia defined its history and identity in different ways in changing political contexts, this article presents an analysis of the unusual asura lineage of three lesser-known dynasties between the seventh and twelfth centuries in succession: the Varmans, the Mlecchas and the Pālas, who sequentially all ruled Kāmarūpa, a historical region located in the present state of Assam. Examination of three distinct phases of genealogical claims enables us to understand the ways in which the peripheral rulers negotiated with dominant supra-regional discourses, challenged political tradition of their predecessors, and carved out their own space in a new world of regional sovereignty.
A ‘Good Qaṣba:’ Chamkanī and the Confluence of Politics, Economy and Religion in Durrānī Peshawar, 1747–1834
Authors: Khan Timur 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Between 1747 and 1834, Durrānī Afghan rulers built webs of alliance to political, economic, and religious elites in Peshawar. The village of Chamkanī serves as a useful case study of these networks. Chamkanī housed an influential Indian merchant family, Afghan landed nobility, and a powerful Sufi lineage. Reflecting the fundamental tension between the Durrānī ideal of universal sovereignty and the reality of diffuse power, these groups both cooperated and clashed with royal authority, and maintained ties between themselves. Ultimately, the most durable legacies of Durrānī rule were left by these local elites.
It’s All Eve’s Fault
Authors: Englard Yaffa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The traditional reading of the biblical account of the Garden of Eden has left a weighty imprint on Western civilization, holding Eve solely to blame for introducing sin into the human world and thus the loss of Paradise, suffering, and death. This paper seeks to demonstrate the way in which Jewish and Christian theological and interpretative traditions of this story are concretely exemplified in medieval visual representations whose influence can still be seen in the twenty-first century.