bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter pittii is adapting to and exhibiting potential succession aboard the International Space Station
Authors: Tierney Braden T. , Singh Nitin K. , Simpson Anna C. , Hujer Andrea M. , Bonomo Robert A. , Mason Christopher E. , Venkateswaran Kasthuri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Monitoring the adaptation of microorganisms to the extreme environment of the International Space Station (ISS) is crucial to understanding microbial evolution and infection prevention. Acinetobacter pittii is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, primarily impacting immunocompromised patients, that was recently isolated from two missions aboard the ISS.

Results
Here, we report how ISS-associated A. pittii (n = 20 genomes) has formed its own genetically and functionally discrete clade distinct from most Earth-bound isolates (n = 291 genomes). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of ISS strains and two related clinical isolates demonstrated that ISS strains acquired more resistance, specifically with regard to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, despite no prediction of increased resistance based on genomic analysis of resistance genes. By investigating 402 longitudinal environmental and host-associated ISS metagenomes, we observed that viable A. pittii is increasing in relative abundance and therefore potentially exhibiting succession, being identified in >2X more metagenomic samples in back-to-back missions. ISS strains additionally contain functions that enable them to survive in harsh environments, including the transcriptional regulator LexA. Via a genome-wide association study, we identified a high level of mutational burden in methionine sulfoxide reductase genes relative to the most closely related Earth strains.

Conclusions
Overall, these results indicated a step forward in understanding how microorganisms might evolve and alter their antibiotic resistance phenotype in extreme, resource-limited, human-built environments.
Integrated multi-omics of the gastrointestinal microbiome and ruminant host reveals metabolic adaptation underlying early life development
Authors: Yan Xiaoting , Si Huazhe , Zhu Yuhang , Li Songze , Han Yu , Liu Hanlu , Du Rui , Pope Phillip B. , Qiu Qiang , Li Zhipeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome of ruminants and its metabolic repercussions vastly influence host metabolism and growth. However, a complete understanding of the bidirectional interactions that occur across the host-microbiome axis remains elusive, particularly during the critical development stages at early life. Here, we present an integrative multi-omics approach that simultaneously resolved the taxonomic and functional attributes of microbiota from five GIT regions as well as the metabolic features of the liver, muscle, urine, and serum in sika deer (Cervus nippon) across three key early life stages.ResultsWithin the host, analysis of metabolites over time in serum, urine, and muscle (longissimus lumborum) showed that changes in the fatty acid profile were concurrent with gains in body weight. Additional host transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that fatty acidβ-oxidation and metabolism of tryptophan and branched chain amino acids play important roles in regulating hepatic metabolism. Across the varying regions of the GIT, we demonstrated that a complex and variable community of bacteria, viruses, and archaea colonized the GIT soon after birth, whereas microbial succession was driven by the cooperative networks of hub populations. Furthermore, GIT volatile fatty acid concentrations were marked by increased microbial metabolic pathway abundances linked to mannose (rumen) and amino acids (colon) metabolism. Significant functional shifts were also revealed across varying GIT tissues, which were dominated by host fatty acid metabolism associated with reactive oxygen species in the rumen epithelium, and the intensive immune response in both small and large intestine. Finally, we reveal a possible contributing role of necroptosis and apoptosis in enhancing ileum and colon epithelium development, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings provide a comprehensive view for the involved mechanisms in the context of GIT microbiome and ruminant metabolic growth at early life.
The psychometric properties of the Vietnamese Version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Authors: Nguyen Hang T. M. , Nguyen Hoang V. , Bui Thai T. H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Although recent decades have witnessed a growing interest in mindfulness with the development of many mindfulness scales and their adaptation to different cultures, there has been no attempt at developing or adapting a mindfulness scale for Vietnamese people. To fill this gap and encourage the study of mindfulness in Vietnam, we adapted a 20-item short-form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-20) into Vietnamese, which we called the FFMQ-V, and examined its psychometric properties in a series of three independent studies.

Methods
In Study 1, using a college sample (N = 412) we conducted several exploratory factor analyses to elucidate the factor structure of the FFMQ-V. In Study 2, using an independent college sample (N = 344) we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the goodness-of-fit for all obtained factor models from Study 1. In this study, we also examined the discriminant validities of the FFMQ-V by correlating mindfulness and other related psychological constructs, including acceptance, nonattachment, depression, anxiety, and stress. In Study 3, we replicated all data analyses in Study 2 using a community sample of young adults (N = 574).

Results
Across all Studies, our results indicated that the hierarchical five-factor model with method factors best captured the latent structure of the FFMQ-V. Our results also showed that the mindfulness facets met our expectations as they correlated positively with the acceptance and nonattachment and negatively with the depression, anxiety, and stress.

Conclusions
In aggregate, our EFA and CFA results provided strong evidence for the hierarchical five-factor model with method factors in both community and college samples, suggesting that the FFMQ-V can be used to measure trait mindfulness of the Vietnamese young adults.
Magnetic and gravity modeling and subsurface structure of two geothermal fields in the UAE
Authors: Saibi Hakim , Amrouche Mohamed , Batir Joseph , Gabr Amir , Fowler Abdel-Rahman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere are two low-enthalpy geothermal systems along the eastern border of the United Arab Emirates: Ain Khatt (Khatt City, Ras Al Khaimah Emirate) and Green Mubazzarah–Ain Faidha (GMAF) (Al-Ain City, Abu Dhabi Emirate). The hot springs are likely to be meteoric waters fed through deep-seated faults that intersect the geothermal reservoirs at 2.6–3.8 km depth. Gravity and magnetic data were analyzed by gradient (horizontal derivative “HD”, and improved normalized horizontal tilt angle “INH”), and separately 3D modeled to image the subsurface structure of the two UAE geothermal systems. Bouguer anomalies in GMAF and Ain Khatt range from − 14.2 to 8.09 mGal and − 169.3 to − 122.2 mGal, respectively. Magnetic intensities in GMAF and Ain Khatt vary from 39,327 to 44,718 nT and 43,650 to 44,653 nT, respectively. The UAE hot springs (GMAF and Ain Khatt) are located in mainly high HD and INH regions, which reflect significant discontinuities in the basement rock, such as faults or lithological contacts. A joint inversion of magnetic and gravity data, through Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling, was performed to explore and interpret the 3D density and magnetic susceptibility variations. Results show that the hot springs in both geothermal systems are associated with intersecting geological contacts and fault zones. The Green-Mubazzarah–Ain Faidha hot springs may be connected at depth.
Awareness of Palestinian Women About Breast Cancer Risk Factors: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elshami Mohamedraed , Usrof Faten Darwish , Alser Mohammed , Al-Slaibi Ibrahim , Okshiya Heba Mahmoud , Ghithan Roba Jamal , Shurrab Nouran Ramzi Shaban , Ismail Islam Osama , Mahfouz Ibtisam Ismail , Fannon Aseel AbdulQader , Qawasmi Malak Ayman Mousa , Hawa Mona Radi Mohammad , Giacaman Narmeen , Ahmaro Manar , Zaatreh Rula Khader , AbuKhalil Wafa Aqel , Melhim Noor Khairi , Madbouh Ruba Jamal , Abu Hziema Hala Jamal , Lahlooh Raghad Abed-Allateef , Ubaiat Sara Nawaf , Jaffal Nour Ali , Alawna Reem Khaled , Abed Salsabeel Naeem , Abuzahra Bessan Nimer Ali , Abu Kwaik Aya Jawad , Dodin Mays Hafez , Taha Raghad Othman , Alashqar Dina Mohammed , Mobarak Roaa Abd-al-Fattah , Smerat Tasneem , Abu-El-Noor Nasser , Bottcher Bettina 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE This study aimed to assess awareness of Palestinian women about breast cancer (BC) age-related and lifetime risks and its risk factors and to identify factors associated with good awareness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult women were recruited from government hospitals, primary health care centers, and public spaces in 11 governorates in Palestine. Recognition of 14 BC risk factors was assessed using a translated-into-Arabic version of the validated BC awareness measure. The level of BC risk factor awareness was determined on the basis of the number of risk factors recognized: poor (0-4), fair (5-9), and good (10-14). RESULTS Of 6,269 potential participants approached, 5,434 agreed and completed the questionnaire (response rate = 86.7%). A total of 5,257 questionnaires were included: 2,706 from the West Bank and Jerusalem and 2,551 from the Gaza Strip. Only 173 participants (3.3%) recognized the age-related risk of BC. More than one quarter (n = 1,465; 27.9%) recognized the lifetime risk of BC. The most recognized modifiable risk factor was not breastfeeding (n = 4,937; 93.9%), whereas the least recognized was having children later on in life or not at all (n = 1,755; 33.4%). The most recognized nonmodifiable risk factor was radiation exposure (n = 4,579; 87.1%), whereas the least recognized was starting the periods at an early age (n = 1,030; 19.6%). In total, 2,024 participants (38.4%) demonstrated good BC risk factor awareness. Participants from the Gaza Strip had a higher likelihood than participants from the West Bank and Jerusalem to have good awareness (42.0% v 35.2%). Age ≥ 40 years, postsecondary education, and visiting hospitals and primary health care centers were all associated with an increase in the likelihood of having good BC risk factor awareness. CONCLUSION The awareness of BC risk factors was suboptimal. These findings highlight the need for implementing health education programs combined with consistent use of ad hoc opportunities to raise awareness by health care providers.
Fidelity optimized multiparty quantum teleportation protocol with quantum Shor codes and OSPF method in imperfect local operations
Authors: Li J. X. , Wang Z. M. , Shi S. S. , Li Y. N. , Shang R. M. , Gu Y. J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Relying on the probabilistic nature and entanglement property of quantum state, quantum communication will support the theoretically unconditional security and computational efficiency beyond that of classical communication. In this article, we present a fidelity optimized quantum teleportation protocol for multiparty quantum network communication. Firstly, a special transmission mechanism ensures the secure establishment of the channel between the communicators. Secondly, the quantum information is encoded by Shor codes to resist channel noise. Thirdly, the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) method is of help for establishing the channel between non-adjacent communicators. In this protocol, the special transmission mechanism guarantees the security of quantum communication. The Shor codes improve the fidelity of quantum information. The OSPF method ensures efficient transmission. The effectiveness of the protocol is verified by experiments. Experimental results show that this protocol provides effective qubit fidelity improvements within the range of noise thresholds of

. Compared with existing quantum communication protocols, this protocol has better reliability and fidelity performance.
Differential configurational entropy for multi-field of the ϕ
6 theory
Authors: Lima F. C. E. , Almeida C. A. S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The topological structures of a ϕ
6 theory with multi-field are studied. The ϕ
6 theory is interesting because it is a theory that allows the shrinkage of topological structures generating double-kink or even multi-kink configurations. In this work, we consider and study the solutions of a two real scalar fields model. To reach our purpose, we investigate the BPS properties of the fields using the approach proposed by Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield. Using the BPS energy density, the differential configurational entropy (DCE) of the BPS structures is studied. The result of the DCE indicates the most likely field configuration of one of the topological sectors of the model.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dental healthcare providers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chenna Deepika , Pentapati Kalyana C , Kumar Mathangi , Madi Medhini , Siddiq Hanan 
Published: December 2022

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common in dentistry due to the prolonged static work involved during patient care, making dental health care personnel vulnerable to musculoskeletal complaints. We aimed to pool the prevalence estimates of MSD among various dental healthcare providers, including dentists, dental students, dental hygienists, and auxiliaries. Methods: A systematic search of five databases was performed (Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source). The studies that reported the prevalence of MSD among dental healthcare workers and those written in English were selected. Screening and data extraction were performed by two review authors independently. Discrepencies were resolved by another review author. Risk of bias assessment was done using a nine-item questionnaire developed by Hoy et al. Pooled estimates were calculated using meta-analysis of proportions (random effects model). Results: Among the 3090 publications screened, 234 publications were included for full-text screening. Meta-analysis was performed for 89 estimates from 88 publications. Females showed significantly higher prevalence [OR = 1.42 (95% CI = 1.09–1.84); I2 = 66.02; N = 32]. The analysis yielded a pooled estimate of 78.4% (95% CI = 74.8–82). The meta-regression showed similar prevalence over the years (Coefficient: 0.001; P-value: 0.762). Conclusions: A high prevalence of MSD was noted among dental healthcare providers, with about seven out of ten having experienced MSD in the past. This emphasizes the need for awareness and adoption of appropriate ergonomic postures by dental healthcare providers from early in their careers to minimize work-related MSD.
General anaesthetics reduce acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell migration and homing in vitro and in vivo via CXCR4 and osteopontin mediated mechanisms
Authors: Jiang Cui , Gonzalez-Anton Sara , Li Xiaomeng , Mi Emma , Wu Lingzhi , Zhao Hailin , Zhang Ge , Lu Aiping , Lo Celso Cristina , Ma Daqing 
Published: December 2022

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children. General anaesthetics are often used on patients undergoing painful procedures during ALL treatments but their effects on ALL malignancy remain unknown. Herein, we aim to study the effect of two commonly used general anaesthetics, intravenous propofol and inhalational sevoflurane, on the migration and homing of ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: NALM-6 cells were treated with propofol (5 and 10 μg/ml) or sevoflurane (3.6%) in vitro for six hours. Then, cells were harvested for flow cytometry analysis. For in vitro migration experiments, NALM-6 cells were pre-treated with propofol and sevoflurane for six hours before being loaded onto the upper chamber of a migration chamber and cells were collected in the lower chamber after six hours of migration. For in vivo adhesion assays, NALM-6 cells were pre-treated with propofol and sevoflurane before an adhesion assay was carried out. In in vitro experiments, GFP-NALM-6 cells were pre-treated with propofol (10 μg/ml) or sevoflurane (3.6%) for six hours. Then, cells were injected intravenously to C57BL/6 female mice followed by intravital microscopy. Results: Both anaesthetics reduced in vitro migration, in vivo migration and in vivo homing as exemplified by 1) the reduction in the number of cells entering the bone marrow and 2) the disturbance in homing location in relation to the nearest endosteal surface. Our results indicated that general anaesthetics reduced the surface CXCR4 expression. In addition, the adhesion of leukaemia cells to thrombin cleaved osteopontin (OPN) was reduced by general anaesthetics. Those changes might result in the alterations in migration and homing. Conclusion: Together, our data suggest that both propofol and sevoflurane could reduce ALL migration and homing in vivo and in vitro via CXCR4 and OPN mediated mechanisms.
Comparison of gender, age, and body mass index for spatiotemporal parameters of bilateral gait pattern
Authors: Abualait Turki , Ahsan Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

Background: Studies on the gaits parameters have been identified on the patient population. Most researchers confirm that the patients walk differently than normal people and they may have a greater risk of falls. Consistent finding and description of gender, age, and body mass index differences in gait studies is rare in healthy subjects. This research was performed to compare spatiotemporal parameters of gait between gender, as per their age and body mass index level. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with forty-five young adults (F=20, M=25). Stadiometer and Physilog 4 inertial sensors were used for data collection. A gait analyzer 5.2 software (GaitUp, S.A. Lausanne, Switzerland) was used to determine spatiotemporal parameters. Results: Females were found with higher mean score of total double support and cadence than males. Cadence also increases with age. Obese people showed lower gait speed, cadence, and total double support. No statistically significant differences were found in any bilateral foot gait parameters with respect to gender, age, and body mass index. Conclusion: The findings of the study may be beneficial to those who have abnormal gait pattern due to age, body mass index differences, decreased muscle strength, spasticity, and joint mobility. This important information should be considered to rehabilitate patients with abnormal gait patterns to controlling dynamic balance and risk of falling.
The Information in Asset Fire Sales
Authors: Huang Sheng , Ringgenberg Matthew C. , Zhang Zhe 
Published: December 2022

Asset prices remain depressed for years following mutual fund fire sales, but little is known about the causes of these price drops. We show that asymmetric information generates price pressure during fire sales. We separate trades into expected trades, which assume fund managers scale down their portfolio, and discretionary trades. We find that discretionary trades contain fundamental information, whereas expected trades do not. Moreover, other traders cannot distinguish between discretionary and expected trades. Our findings help explain the magnitude and persistence of fire sale discounts: fund managers choose which assets to sell, and information asymmetries make it difficult for arbitrageurs to disentangle price pressure from fundamental information. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Supplemental Material: Data and the internet appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4585 .
Distal third clavicle fractures
Authors: Raval Parag , See Abbas , Singh Harvinder P. ,   on behalf of the Distal Third Clavicle Collaborative
Published: December 2022

Aims Distal third clavicle (DTC) fractures are increasing in incidence. Due to their instability and nonunion risk, they prove difficult to treat. Several different operative options for DTC fixation are reported but current evidence suggests variability in operative fixation. Given the lack of consensus, our objective was to determine the current epidemiological trends in DTC as well as their management within the UK. Methods A multicentre retrospective cohort collaborative study was conducted. All patients over the age of 18 with an isolated DTC fracture in 2019 were included. Demographic variables were recorded: age; sex; side of injury; mechanism of injury; modified Neer classification grading; operative technique; fracture union; complications; and subsequent procedures. Baseline characteristics were described for demographic variables. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Results A total of 859 patients from 18 different NHS trusts (15 trauma units and three major trauma centres) were included. The mean age was 57 years (18 to 99). Overall, 56% of patients (n = 481) were male. The most common mechanisms of injury were simple fall (57%; n = 487) and high-energy fall (29%; n = 248); 87% (n = 748) were treated conservatively and 54% (n = 463) were Neer type I fractures. Overall, 32% of fractures (n = 275) were type II (22% type IIa (n = 192); 10% type IIb (n = 83)). With regards to operative management, 89% of patients (n = 748) who underwent an operation were under the age of 60. The main fixation methods were: hook plate (n = 47); locking plate (n = 34); tightrope (n = 5); and locking plate and tight rope (n = 7). Conclusion Our study is the largest epidemiological review of DTC fractures in the UK. It is also the first to review the practice of DTC fixation. Most fractures are being treated nonoperatively. However, younger patients, suffering a higher-energy mechanism of injury, are more likely to undergo surgery. Hook plates are the predominantly used fixation method followed by locking plate. The literature is sparse on the best method of fixation for optimal outcomes for these patients. To answer this, a pragmatic RCT to determine optimal fixation method is required. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(12):953–959.
Influence of the multilayer dielectric mirror design on the laser damage growth in the sub-picosecond regime
Authors: Diop Saaxewer , Chorel Marine , Lavastre Éric , Roquin Nadja , Gallais Laurent , Bonod Nicolas , Lamaignère Laurent 
Published: December 2022

The peak power of high-power laser facilities is limited by the laser-induced damage to the final optical components. Also, when a damage site is generated, the damage growth phenomenon limits the lifetime of the component. Many studies have been performed to improve the laser-induced damage threshold of these components. The question now arises as to whether improvement of the initiation threshold leads to a reduction of the damage growth phenomenon. To address this question, we performed damage growth experiments on three different multilayer dielectric mirror designs exhibiting different damage thresholds. We used classical quarter-wave designs and optimized designs. The experiments were carried out with a spatial top-hat beam, spectrally centered at 1053 nm with a pulse duration of 0.8 ps in

s

- and

p

-polarization. The results showed the impact of design on the improvement of the damage growth thresholds and a reduction of the damage growth rates. A numerical model was used to simulate damage growth sequences. The results reveal similar trends to those observed experimentally. On the basis of these three cases, we have shown that improvement of the initiation threshold through a modification of the mirror design can lead to the reduction of the damage growth phenomenon.