bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of TIVA and VICA on cognitive function, oxidative stress level and postoperative adverse reactions in elderly patients during sternum reduction and fixation
Authors: Wu Chengwei , Yu Ping , Cheng Hao , Lu Qiaoling , Wang Xinbin , Wu Zhenhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: The effect of general anesthesia during the reduction and fixation of the sternum by TIVA method on the degree of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Methods: Research main way prepared through a prospectie, aged 60 or more in our line of sternum, reduction and fixation of 78 cases of elderly patients were randomly divided into all by intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) combined with intravenous inhalation group anesthesia (VICA) group, and observed in patients with different anesthetic methods on oxidative stress related indicators, the influence of postoperative cognitive function and adverse reaction.
Results: As can be seen from the results by different methods of anesthesia operation time, blood loss and postoperative open time had no obvious effect, but different anesthetic methods on cognitive function in patients with and oxidative stress are different degrees of influence, embodied in the MoCA scale after evaluation, different ways of anesthesia will cognitive function in patients with damage to a certain extent, However, TIVA had significantly lower cognitive impairment than VICA and recovered faster in a short time. The comparison of oxidative stress related indexes showed that the oxidative stress level of each group increased sharply at the beginning of surgery due to external invasion, and then decreased with the end of surgery, and the oxidative stress level of TIVA group was lower than that of VICA group after surgery. The kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions in TIVA group was significantly lower than that in VICA group.
Conclusion: Therefore, this study further demonstrated that TIVA method for general anesthesia during sternum reduction and fixation in the elderly is more conducive to reducing the degree of cognitive impairment, reducing the level of intraoperative oxidative stress and postoperative adverse reactions, which has high clinical application value.
Aspiration pneumonia is an independent risk factor associated with long-term hospital stay: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wakabayashi Takao , Hamaguchi Sugihiro , Morimoto Konosuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-term hospital stay is associated with functional decline in patients with pneumonia especially in the elderly. Among elderly patients with pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia is a major disease category. It is still not clear whether long-term hospital stay is due to aspiration pneumonia itself caused by underlying oropharyngeal dysfunction or simply due to functional decline in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities during acute infection. The observational study aim is to identify whether aspiration pneumonia itself was associated with long-term hospital stay.
Methods
A prospective observational study focused on community-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) was carried out from January 2012 through January 2014. Patients at risk for aspiration pneumonia were identified as those who experienced documented episodes of aspiration, chronic disturbances of consciousness and/or chronic neuromuscular diseases. We defined thirty-day hospital stay as long-term hospital stay and compared thirty-day hospital stay between aspiration pneumonia group and the other pneumonia group with logistic regression analysis. Potential confounding factors included age, gender, diagnosis of HCAP, CURB criteria, body mass index, long-term bed-ridden state, heart failure, cerebrovascular disorders, dementia, use of antipsychotics, and use of hypnotics. In a sub-analysis, we also explored factors associated with long-term hospital stay in patients with aspiration pneumonia.
Results
Our study enrolled 2,795 patients; 878 (31.4%) were at risk for developing aspiration pneumonia. After adjusting potential confounders, the aspiration pneumonia is a risk factor of long-term hospital stay (adjusted odds ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval 1.09 - 1.88, p <0.01). Higher age, male gender, high CURB score, diagnosis of HCAP, low BMI, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and use of antipsychotics were suggested to be the risk of long-term hospital stay. Sub-analysis revealed factors associated with long-term hospital stay in aspiration pneumonia group that included higher age, male gender, high CURB score, multi-lobar chest X-ray involvement and use of antipsychotic drugs.
Conclusions
Aspiration pneumonia itself was independently associated with long-term hospital stay. This result can lead to move specific rehabilitation strategies for pneumonia patients with underlying oropharyngeal dysfunction.
GIS-based Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Flooding Risk with Socioeconomic- Index System Development
Authors: LI Fei , YAN JieRu , XIONG Xiaolan , YAN Hexiang , TAO Tao , WANG Linsen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the climate change induced extreme rainfall, urban flooding risk is one of the major concerning risk in the near future with accelerating occurrence frequency and intensity. To enhance the city resilience against flooding risk, this paper proposed a GIS-based spatial Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) framework to quantify multiple impact factors in an integrated ArcGIS platform. This assessment method incorporates the hydrodynamic drainage simulation results for further calculation of 6 methodically picked evaluation indices such as the transportation attenuation and residential security index, which helps to reduce the subjective effect for the integrated comprehensive risk assessment. The detailed application in SA city validates the effectiveness of the adopted GIS-based FCE method, and the results illustrate the areas with higher risk levels reasonably coincide with severe inundation situations and dense hazard-bearing bodies. This systematic evaluation framework can support applicable references for further extension to other cities to efficiently allocate limited resources especially under flooding rescue conditions.
A unified, more intuitive explanation of some quantum phenomena
Authors: Zeng Tian-Hai , Li Kai , Wang Feng , Shao Bin , Liang Shidong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
There has been wide interest in splitter, quantum tunneling, and double-slit experiments for a
long time. The states of single material particles are typically explained as being independent of
other objects (and/or electromagnetic fields) and interactions. This independence causes counterintuitive
explanations. By analyzing the research conducted separately by Wineland's group and
Haroche's group, we naturally deduced that the states are dependent on other objects. Based on
this dependence, our unified explanation is more intuitive. We design a double-slit thought experiment
that can solve the center problem, i.e., which-path information. The dependence can also
work for qubits in quantum information. To emphasize and use the dependence in the future, we
propose a fundamental postulate that no material particle is free as the zeroth postulate of quantum
mechanics.
A novel molecular switch for control of cell and gene therapies based on a clinically approved small molecule
Authors: Chin Stacey , Schindler Christina , Vinall Lisa , Dodd Roger , Bamber Lisa , Legg Sandrine , Sigurdardottir Anna , Rees D. , Malcolm Tim , Spratley Samantha , Tigue Natalie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chemical inducer of dimerization (CID) modules can be used effectively as molecular switches to control biological processes, and thus there is significant interest within the synthetic biology community in identifying novel CID systems. To date, CID modules have been used primarily in engineering cells for in vitro applications. To broaden their utility to the clinical setting, including the potential to control cell and gene therapies, the identification of novel CID modules should consider factors such as the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of the small molecule inducer, and the orthogonality and immunogenicity of the protein components. Here we describe a novel CID module based on the orally available, approved, small molecule simeprevir and its target, the NS3/4A protease from hepatitis C virus. We demonstrate the utility of this CID module as a molecular switch to control biological processes such as gene expression and apoptosis in vitro, and show that the CID system can be used to rapidly induce apoptosis in tumor cells in a xenograft mouse model, leading to complete tumor regression.
A Note on the Correct View of Adiabatic Process
Authors: Bharathraj Goddalehundi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations
An adiabatic process is a thermodynamic process in which there is no exchange of heat energy or particles between the system and its surroundings. However the surroundings can alter the mechanical energy or potential energy of the system. This fact is not borne out well in any of the standard textbooks. Here we explicitly discuss the case where we alter the potential energy component and its consequences. There is a misconception that the reduced internal energy performs an external work during this process and that the net energy change of the system is zero. We are going to bust both these myths. Both the internal energy and stored mechanical energy either increase or decrease together in tandem depending on the external forcing. They do not feed each other in the absence of externally induced changes. The usual relationships we use, that is PVγ = Constant and P1-γTγ = Constant are valid only when the changes in external forcing is very minute. When the imposed external pressure is very small or very large compared to the system pressure then we get large errors in the calculations. Here we derive accurate equations which are valid over the entire range of operation. We also note that the textbook expressions can not satisfy both the energy eqn and ideal gas law simultaneously. Further the textbook eqns indicate that it must be a reversible process. But the accurate eqns show that this process is inherently irreversible.
Investigation the effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties of AISI 316L by Metal Inert Gas (MIG)
Authors: Khrais Samir K. , Hmoud Hadeel Al , Al Ahmad R. Abdel , Darabseh Tariq 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the behavior of AISI 316L steel during the Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding process. Three welding parameters are adjusted at three levels of voltage, wire feed, and shielding gas combination (6V, 8V, 10V), (3, 3.5, 4), and (G4, G5, G6). The welding properties are investigated by tensile test strength and Charpy impact test. Ordering parameters are performed based on Taguchi's orthogonal array (L9). The data was analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal-to-noise (S/N) to determine the optimal welding parameter sets. According to the results of this study, the most influential welding parameter is the gas combination on tensile strength; followed by voltage, wire feed, and gas combination (10V, 3.5, G4). The most influential parameter on maximum elongation is shielding gas. The welding parameter sets the voltage, wire feed, and gas combination (10V, 3.5, G4). The voltage has the most influential parameter on toughness. The welding parameter sets the voltage, wire feed, and gas combination (8V, 3.5, G5). A quaternary shielding gas is used in this study, which gives new insights into the mechanical properties of AISI 316L stainless steel and selects an appropriate shielding gas combination. The results assist engineers and technicians in making more effective welding parameter selections.
Characteristics of persistent arthritis with Kawasaki disease: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Hattori Seira , Nozawa Tomo , Nishimura Kenichi , Hara Ryoki , Murase Ayako , Ohara Asami , Ohnishi Ai , Ohya Takashi , Ito Shuichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Arthritis is one complication of Kawasaki disease (KD); however, the clinical features of arthritis in KD have not been well clarified. We retrospectively investigated the characteristics of persistent arthritis in patients with refractory KD. In this cohort, 49 of 243 patients (20%) developed arthritis, with 33 patients (14%) experiencing persistent arthritis. Among these 33 patients, 31 (94%) had complete KD. Thirty (91%) were resistant to initial intravenous immunoglobulin, and 15 (45%) required additional infliximab. Five patients (15%) developed coronary artery lesions, and 24 (73%) had oligoarthritis, mainly in large lower-extremity joints. Twenty-four patients (73%) complained of arthralgia. At arthritis onset, 16 patients (48%) presented with fever, including recurrent fever in 10 patients. Serum C-reactive protein concentration in patients with active arthritis significantly increased compared with after acute KD treatment (2.4 vs. 0.7 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Serum matrix metalloproteinase-3, a biomarker of arthritis, was significantly higher in patients with active arthritis than in those in remission (93.7 vs. 20.3 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Thirty (91%) and 14 (42%) patients, respectively, were treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prednisolone, and they completely recovered. To summarize, persistent arthritis is a common complication in refractory KD, and adequate diagnosis and treatment are necessary.
Surgical Outcomes of Tracheoesophageal Fistula Repair with Azygos Vein Preservation. A comparative Study
Authors: Daboos Mohammad , Aboukifa Amin , Gouda Samir , Badawey Refaat , Salama Ahmed , Hussein. Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Since the Azygos vein is a functional important part of the venous system in the human body, it is rational to recommend preserving this vein during surgery for esophageal atresia. Benefits from preserving this vein, make this modification more favorable in future surgical principles. The aim of this study to report the benefits of Azygos vein preservation during the surgery for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA&TEF), highlighting the advantages in terms of, prevention of anastomotic leak, survival rate and other post-operative outcomes.
Patients and methods
The study included all neonates with esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA&TEF), admitted at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Al-Azhar University between April 2020 to July 2022, 16 cases were reviewed prospectively for azygos vein preservation during TEF repair; and compared randomly with other16 cases with Azygos vein disconnection.
Results
The two groups were comparable in respect to sex, weight, prematurity, associated anomalies, Spitz classification, operative time, distance between the pouches after mobilization and post-operative complications. Anastomotic leak occurred in 1 case (6.2%) in Group A and 3 cases (18.7%) in Group B, pneumonitis occurred in 2 cases of group A and 8 cases in group B, no mortality in Group A. and there were 4 cases of mortality in Group B due to sever pneumonitis and sepsis.
Conclusion
Preservation of Azygos vein resulted in significant reduction in the number of mortality, pneumonitis and also reduced the incidence of anastomotic leak. We propose that preservation of the Azygos vein is very important and valuable modification of the current surgical procedure.
Impact of TMB, PD-L1 expression, and pneumonitis on outcomes to chemoradiation and durvalumab in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Alessi Joao , Ricciuti Biagio , Wang Xinan , Lamberti Giuseppe , Elkrief Arielle , Pecci Federica , Federico Alessandro , Rodig Scott , Lebow Emily , Thor Maria , Rimner Andreas , Schoenfeld Adam , Chaft Jamie , Gomez Daniel , Johnson Bruce , Awad Mark , Shaverdian Narek 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) and durvalumab consolidation has become a standard treatment for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), clinicopathologic and genomic factors associated with its efficacy remain poorly characterized. In this multi-institutional cohort study of 328 patients treated with CRT and durvalumab, we are the first to identify that very high PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) expression (≥90%) and increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) are independently associated with prolonged disease control. Additionally, we identify the impact of pneumonitis and its timing on disease outcomes among patients who discontinue durvalumab: compared to patients who experienced early-onset pneumonitis (<3 months), patients with late-onset pneumonitis have a significantly longer PFS (12.7 months vs not reached; HR 0.24 [95% CI, 0.10 to 0.58]; P=0.001) and overall survival (37.2 months vs not reached; HR 0.26 [95% CI, 0.09 to 0.79]; P=0.017). These findings establish the need to improve outcomes in patients with lower PD-L1 and TMB levels, and the significance of early-pneumonitis and its association with poor survival.
Regional surface winds in the CORDEX-CAM region and their possible changes in the near future.
Authors: García-Santiago Oscar , Cavazos Tereza , Hahmann Andrea N. , Torres-Alavez José A. , Peña Alfredo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Regions with high wind energy potential require a comprehensive understanding of possible climate change impacts on wind resources. We investigate the performance of two reanalyses (ERA5 and MERRA2) and a regional climate model (RegCM4) on simulating atmospheric circulations over Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean (CORDEX-CAM) and projected low-level wind changes in the region. RegCM4 historical wind patterns in Mexico are evaluated using seven tall inland masts and the two reanalyses. The evaluation indicates that MERRA2 is more accurate than ERA5 in representing observed winds, and RegCM4 captures present-day wind climate patterns with overestimations (> 2 m/s) over complex terrain. The mean recurrence of weather patterns based on self-organising maps in the historical period identifies high near-surface winds close to Mexico's major wind farm areas. Large pressure gradients between semi-permanent pressure systems and orographic features drive most of these patterns. We use the high temporal and spatial resolution RegCM4's data to obtain near-future (2021--2050) wind changes under the highest emission scenario. These changes are assessed using mean differences and recurrence pattern analysis from the RegCM4 downscaled simulations of three global climate models relative to the historical period (1981--2010). The mean RegCM4 ensemble of wind projections across most of the CORDEX-CAM domain over land shows no substantial changes in regional circulation patterns nor in mean wind speeds (< 2%) at 100 m in the near future, except for Colombia and Venezuela in summer and autumn (< 10% wind speed increases). In the southern Caribbean, summer offshore winds may increase (< 10%).
Elevated concentrations of organic and inorganic forms of iron in plant-based diets for channel catfish prevent anemia but damage liver and intestine, respectively, without impacting growth performance
Authors: Buyinza I. , Lochmann R. , Sinha A.K. , Thompson M. , Romano N. , Ramena G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We compared the effects of using inorganic and organic forms of iron in plant-based diets on catfish performance in a feeding trial with catfish fingerlings (initial weight = 6.1 ± 0.2 g). Five diets supplemented with 0 (basal), 125, 250 mg Fe/kg of either FeSO4 or iron methionine were formulated. Fish weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index, and survival were similar among diets. Fish plasma and intestine iron concentration was similar among diets. Fish whole-body total lipid, protein, and dry matter were similar among diets. Ash content was higher in fish fed the basal diet than in other diets. Total liver iron concentration was higher in fish fed diets supplemented with 250 mg Fe/kg in both iron forms than other diets. Hematological parameters were similar among diets. Liver necrosis, inflammation, and vacuolization were highest in fish fed the diet supplemented with 250 mg Fe/kg from organic iron, followed by those fed diets with 250 mg Fe/kg from inorganic iron. Inorganic iron-supplemented diets caused more intestinal inflammation characterized by increased inflammatory cells, swelling of the villi, and thicker lamina propria than the organic iron-supplemented diets or the basal diet. Organic iron at 250 mg/kg resulted in a 0.143$/kg increase in feed cost. Latent iron deficiency and initial signs of anemia developed in catfish fed the basal diet. Supplemental iron from either form prevented iron deficiency in fish. Organic iron at 125 mg/kg optimized fish performance at a cost comparable to that of fish fed other diets, but without overt negative effects.
Performance of 11 host biomarkers alone or in combination in the diagnosis of late-onset sepsis in hospitalized neonates: the prospective EMERAUDE study
Authors: Pons Sylvie , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Subtil Fabien , Abbas-Chorfa Fatima , Cornaton Elise , Berthiot Amélie , Galletti Sonia , Plat Aurelie , Rapin Stephanie , Trapes Laurene , Generenaz Laurence , Brengel-Pesce Karen , Callies Arnaud , Plaisant Franck , Claris Olivier , Portefaix Aurelie , Flamant Cyril , Butin Marine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the high prevalence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), a reliable diagnosis remains difficult. The time needed to obtain laboratory results of biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) and blood culture explains why an unjustified antibiotic use is observed in numerous hospitalized neonates. This results in an increased frequency of antibiotic resistance, microbiota modification, and neonatal complications.
The objective of EMERAUDE study was to identify biomarkers (alone or in combination) to early exclude the diagnosis of LOS in neonates with suggestive clinical signs.
Methods: A prospective, multicenter cohort study (EMERAUDE)was conducted in 2 French NICUs. The participants were hospitalized neonates at ≥7 days of life with signs of suspected LOS enrolled from November 2017 to November 2020. Serum samples were collected during the venipuncture prescribed for blood culture. Eleven biomarkers were measured using customized multiplexed assays in the ELLA Automated Immunoassay System (ProteinSimple, San Jose, CA, USA) for PCT, IP-10, IL-6, IL-10, NGAL, PTX3, presepsin and LBP, and using conventional ELISA for calprotectin (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), gelsolin(Elabsciences, Houston, TX, USA) and IL-27(R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). An independent adjudication committee, blind to biomarkers, assigned each patient to either infected, not infected or unclassified groups. Performances of biomarkers were assessed considering a sensitivity of at least 0.898.
Results: A total of 230 patients were analyzed. They were mainly preterm (80%) with a median gestational age of 27 weeks and a median birth weight of 940 grams. The adjudication committee classified 22% of patients (51/230) as infected and all of these received antibiotics. Among patients of the not infected group, 27% (42/153) also received antibiotics. The best biomarkers alone were IL-6, IL-10 and NGAL; the area under the curve [95%CI] was, respectively, 0.864 [0.798-0.929], 0.845 [0.777-0.914], and 0.829 [0.760-0.898]. Combinations of up to 4 biomarkers were analyzed and the best were PCT/IL-10, PTX3/NGAL, and PTX3/NGAL/gelsolin. The best models of biomarkers could avoid up to 64% of unjustified antibiotics.
Conclusions: At the onset of clinical suspicion of LOS, the dosing of additional biomarkers could help the clinician in identifying not infected patients.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03299751. Registered 3 October 2017.