bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of Vessel Wall Imaging to Determine the Timing of Extracranial‒Intracranial Bypass for Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Active Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Shindo Takafumi , Ito Masaki , Sugiyama Taku , Okuyama Tomohiro , Kono Michihito , Atsumi Tatsuya , Fujimura Miki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder that predominantly affects exocrine organs. It is characterized by an organ-specific infiltration of lymphocytes. The involvement of the major cerebral arteries in Sjögren's syndrome has rarely been reported. A recent study reported a case of successful extracranial–intracranial (EC–IC) bypass without complications, even in the active inflammatory state, although the optimal timing of such a bypass remains unclear.
Case Description We here report the case of a 43-year-old woman presenting with acute ischemic stroke due to progressive middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and signs of primary Sjögren's syndrome. During intensive immunosuppressive therapy for active Sjögren's syndrome, the patient was monitored using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MR-VWI). A couple of intravenous cyclophosphamide injections combined with a methylprednisolone pulse and antiplatelet therapy resulted in clear resolution of vessel wall enhancement, which suggested remission of inflammatory vasculitis. Nevertheless, she still experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA) due to decreased regional cerebral blood flow by MCA occlusion, as demonstrated by the conventional time-of-flight MR angiography and single-photon emission computed tomography. Considering the increased risk of further stroke, the decision was made to perform an EC–IC bypass as a treatment for medically uncontrollable hemodynamic impairment. Her postoperative course was uneventful without further repeated TIAs, and continued immunosuppressive therapy for Sjögren's syndrome provided effective management.
Conclusions Our findings emphasize the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced MR-VWI in monitoring the effect of immunosuppressive therapy for the major cerebral artery vasculitis and in determining the timing of EC–IC bypass as a “rescue” treatment for moyamoya syndrome associated with active Sjögren's syndrome.
Comparison between Digital Subtraction Angiography and Indocyanine Green Video Angiography in the Operative Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Fayaz Mohsin , Kareem Kaiser , Wani Abrar Ahad , Ramzan Altaf Umar , Malik Nayil khursheed , Rashid Sabia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a fluoroscopy technique used in interventional radiology to clearly visualize blood vessels in a bony or dense soft tissue environment. Images are produced using contrast medium by subtracting a “pre-contrast image” or mask from subsequent images, once the contrast medium has been introduced into a structure, hence the term “Digital subtraction angiography.” Indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA) is a safe and practical method of real-time delineation of microvasculature used in the surgical management of intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, and other vascular lesions. Intraoperative ICG-VA is used as an adjunct in addition to intraoperative or postoperative DSA, and in other cases, it is used as the sole method to confirm the complete obliteration of clipped intracranial aneurysm. The only limitation of ICG-VA is the nonvisibility of vessels that are not in the operative field. Intraoperative ICG is useful in the clipping of intracranial aneurysms to ensure a gross patency of branch vessels; however, the presence of residual aneurysms and subtle changes in flow in branch vessels is best seen by DSA.
Methods ICG angiography was done during the surgery and the findings of intraoperative ICG angiography were compared with postoperative DSA that was done between 6 and 12 weeks. DSA was done to see any compromise of lumen of parent vessel by clip, any residual aneurysm.
Results In our study, intraoperative ICG complete aneurysm obliteration was present in all 30 (100%) patients, while in postoperative DSA complete aneurysm obliteration was diagnosed in 27 (90.0%) patients. Parent vessel patency was present in all 30 (100.0%) patients in both intraoperative ICG-VA and postoperative DSA. In intraoperative ICG distal branch patency was present in 26 (86.7%) patients, while in postoperative DSA distal branch patency was diagnosed in 27 (90.0%) patients.
Conclusion We compared the intraoperative ICG finding and postoperative DSA finding and found that DSA is more sensitive than ICG in depicting residual aneurysm neck, hence reducing the risk of rupture of the aneurysm in future. Intraoperative ICG has high special resolution reflex feedback, intraoperative repositioning time is less and thus critical ischemia time is reduced. In a developing country like ours where DSA facilities are limited, ICG can be optimal investigation to delineate the vascular anatomy and confirmation of clip position thus reducing mortality.
In Silico Analysis of Glycosaminoglycan-Acemannan as a Scaffold Material on Alveolar Bone Healing
Authors: Sularsih Sularsih , Mulawarmanti Dian , Rahmitasari Fitria , Siswodihardjo Siswandono 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective This study aimed to analyze interaction between glycosaminoglycan-acemannan as a scaffold material and toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) receptor, which predicted the osteogenesis potency on alveolar bone healing (in silico analysis).Materials and Methods Docking interaction between glycosaminoglycan-acemannan and TLR-2 receptor using the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) program. The compounds of glycosaminoglycan-acemannan and TLR-2 receptor with the structure in the form of two- and three-dimensional images were analyzed, as well as the most stable structure. It was observed the interaction of the ligand on the cavity of the TLR-2 receptor structure. The energy required for the ligand and receptor interaction (Moldock score) was calculated with MPD program.Results The chemical structure shows that glycosaminoglycan-acemannan is capable binding to the TLR-2 receptor with hydrogen bonds and strong steric interaction. The docking results were detected for five cavities where the compound binds to the TLR-2 receptor. The Moldock score of the ligand on the CAS-LYS-LEU-ARG-LYS-ILE-MSE[A] ligand was −95,58 Kcal/mol, that of acemannan was −91,96 Kcal/mol, and for glycosaminoglycan −61,14 Kcal/mol.Conclusion The compound of glycosaminoglycan-acemannan as a scaffold material is able to bind with a TLR-2 target receptor, which predicted osteogenesis activity on alveolar bone healing supported by in silico analysis.
Rare Cause of Secondary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Pasula Anand Yadav , Karthikeya Kapil , Patnaik Sujata , Howdekar Madhuri 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Unilateral absent pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital disorder. Most of the patients will be diagnosed in the early childhood because of recurrent respiratory tract infections and hemoptysis, but adult presentation is not uncommon. We report a 47-year-old female who was earlier diagnosed as bronchiectasis with pulmonary artery hypertension but now presented with complaints of typical angina and dyspnea on exertion. During right heart catheterization we failed to enter right pulmonary artery (RPA), and conventional coronary angiogram showed a large left atrial branch of left circumflex giving collateral blood supply to the right lung. Computed tomography angiogram showed absent RPA. We report this case not only because the patient was misdiagnosed but also because of rarity of coronary collaterals in UAPA patients and unusual bilateral bronchiectasis. According to reported literature, ours is the 28th case of this nature.
Multiple Complications Secondary to L-asparaginase In a Child with Philadelphia-Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Srinivasan Shyam , Kanwar Vikramjit , Saha Soumitra , Mali Raghavendra Gulabrao , Shaikh Tanveer Ahmed , Yadav Renu , Jain Anubha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEven though L-asparaginase remains an essential drug for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), its use is associated with several unique toxicities. In this care report, we discuss a young boy with ALL who developed multiple complications simultaneously, including pancreatitis, gastrointestinal perforation, and left ventricular thrombus secondary to L-asparaginase during induction chemotherapy. Patient received immediate surgical intervention for the perforation and was commenced on anticoagulation therapy for the thrombus but eventually expired. This report highlights the importance of being aware of toxicities secondary to the use of L-asparaginase. Multiple complications secondary to L-asparaginase have been rarely reported previously and can be fatal.
Prognostic Potential of MicroRNAs in Glioma Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Laghari Altaf Ali , Suchal Zafar Aleem , Avani Rohan , Khan Daniyal Aziz , Kabani Ashmal Sami , Nouman Muhammad , Enam Syed Ather 
Published: April 2022

Introduction MicroRNAs are a noncoding RNA involved in affecting several transcription and translation pathways. Their use has been discussed as potential predictors of several tumors. Their use as potential biomarker in glioma patients is still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to explore the possible role of such microRNAs in glioma patients.
Methods After an extensive literature search done on PubMed and Embase, 20 studies were chosen for our analyses with the 9 discussing 11 tumor promoting microRNAs and 11 studies discussing 11 tumor suppressing microRNAs. The data needed was extracted from these studies including the hazard ratio that was used as the effect size for the purpose of our analysis. The needed analysis was performed using Stata and Excel.
Results The pooled hazard ratio for our analysis with patients having a lower microRNA expression for tumor promoting microRNAs came to be 2.63 (p < 0.001), while the hazard ratio for patients with higher expression of tumor promoting microRNA was 2.47 (p < 0.001) with both results being statistically significant. However, as significant heterogeneity was observed a random effect model for analysis was used. Subgroup analysis was further performed using grade, cutoff value (mean or median), sample type (Serum or Blood), and Karnofsky performance score, all of them showing a high hazard ratio.
Conclusion Our results showed that both tumor inhibitory and promoting microRNA can be used as prognostic tool in glioma patients with a poorer prognosis associated with a lower expression in tumor suppressive and higher expression in tumor promoting microRNA, respectively. However, to support this, future studies on a much larger scale would be needed.
Charting new courses to enter foreign markets: Conceptualization, theoretical framework, and research directions on non-traditional entry modes
Authors: Brouthers Keith D. , Chen Liang , Li Sali , Shaheer Noman 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent advances in digitalization and increasing integration of international markets are paving the way for a new generation of firms to use non-traditional entry modes that are largely marginalized in previous entry mode studies. While extant research revolves around the level of resource commitment and control in foreign activities, non-traditional modes are encapsulated by the extent of embeddedness required for exploring new and/or exploiting existing resources. In particular, we draw attention to four such categories of non-traditional entry modes the literature has touched on, i.e., capital access, innovation outposts, virtual presence, and the managed ecosystem. We explore the key attributes, antecedents, and strategic implications of these modes. Our paper highlights the need for enriching current entry mode research by considering a broader range of entry mode activities available to firms as well as employing new theoretical perspectives to understand the complex phenomena of internationalization.
The analysis of channel noise properties and its correlation in nanoscale metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors
Authors: Jia XiaoFei , He Liang 
Published: April 2022

During the traditional channel noise modeling of nanoscale MOSFETs, neither the suppression of shot noise by Fermi and Coulomb effects nor the cross correlation noise between the source current noise and gate current noise is considered. However, they should not be ignored. In this study, the channel noise of a 22 nm MOSFET is tested experimentally, and the results show that the suppressed shot noise, the thermal noise, and the cross correlation noise are the main types of channel noises in nano-MOSFETs. Furthermore, according to the physical structure and characteristics of the MOSFET, a noise model, including the elements of shot noise, thermal noise, and cross correlation noise, is derived, which considers the influence of the shot noise suppressed by either the Fermi or Coulomb effects. Based on the model, the variation of noise with the channel length, temperature, source–drain voltage, and gate voltage is analyzed. The results are consistent with the experiments and theories in the literature.
Cryoprotective effect of antifreeze protein III on the rabbit ovary
Authors: Zeng Qin , Wang Kai , He Li-Bin , Wang Ting-Ting , Fan Xue-Mei , Liu Wei-Xin 
Published: April 2022

Context Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is effective in preserving fertility in cancer patients who have concerns about fertility loss due to cancer treatment. However, ischemia reduces the lifespan of grafts. Microvascular transplantation of cryopreserved whole ovary may allow immediate revascularisation, but the damage incurred during the cryopreservation procedure may cause follicular depletion; hence, preventing chilling injury would help maintain ovarian function. Aim This study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of antifreeze protein III (AFP III) on rabbit ovary cryopreservation. Methods Ovaries (n = 25) obtained from 5-month-old female rabbits (n = 13) were frozen by slow freezing and vitrification. Cryoprotectant media were supplemented with and without 1 mg/mL of AFP III. The experiment was divided into five groups: fresh control group (F), slow freezing group (S), slow freezing group with AFP III (AFP III-S), vitrification group (V) and vitrification group with AFP III (AFP III-V). All groups of ovaries were examined by histological characteristics analysis, ultrastructural analysis, apoptosis detection and follicle viability test. Key results With slow freezing, the normal rate of change in follicle morphology, density of stromal cells and the survival rate of follicles in the AFP III supplemented group were significantly higher than those in the non-supplemented group, and a lower oocyte apoptotic rate was shown in the AFP III supplemented group. In the vitrification groups, the normal rate of change in follicle morphology and density of stromal cells in the AFP III supplemented group were significantly higher than those in the non-supplemented group, and a lower oocyte apoptotic rate was found in the AFP III supplemented group. But there was no obvious difference in the survival rate of follicles between the two groups. There was also no significant difference in the normal rate of change in follicle morphology, the survival rate of follicles and the apoptotic rate of oocytes between the vitrification and slow freezing groups (P > 0.05), but the density of stromal cells in the vitrification groups was statistically higher than that of the slow freezing group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The addition of AFP III in slow freezing and vitrification could improve the cryoprotective effect of ovaries, which was more evident in slow freezing. Implications The findings of this study provide a foundation for further research on the effects of AFP III in human ovarian tissue.
Online personal ads and its implication for sexual health risks: an observational analysis of posts
Authors: Wang Jason , Young Sean D. 
Published: April 2022

Background People use online personal advertisements (ads) to solicit sexual partners. Data from online ads are often publicly available, allowing researchers to better understand the topics discussed and potential role of online ads in sexual health and risk behaviours. This study aims to examine those research questions. Methods We collected posts on ClassifiedAds.com from the US (August 2019– February 2020). Gender identity was abstracted from post title, when available. HIV risk-related terms were abstracted from post title and content and were used to dichotomise the following variables: (1) ads describing sexual risk behaviours; (2) ads mentioning concerns over substance use or sexually transmitted infections/HIV; and (3) ads mentioning an interest in substance use. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were conducted. Results A total of n = 12 866 unique ads were posted; 72.4% posted by men. Most posts came from the southern US (34.7%) and from urban areas (89.6%). Few ads contained images (21.9%) or words associated with substance use (1%), while 26% mentioned substance use or STI/HIV concern. Logistic regression models indicated that ads in the South were less likely to contain substance use or STI/HIV concern than ads from the Midwest. Also, women were less likely than men to post about substance use or mention substance use or STI/HIV concern. Conclusions Personal ads offer a glimpse into Internet-mediated sex encounters and sexual health risks among those who seek sex online. The real-time data collected has potential to highlight elevated prevalence of sexual risk behaviours that may put individuals at risk for STI/HIV or substance use.
Protein and lipid mass concentration measurement in tissues by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Oh Seungeun , Lee ChangHee , Yang Wenlong , Li Ang , Mukherjee Avik , Basan Markus , Ran Chongzhao , Yin Wei , Tabin Clifford J. , Fu Dan , Xie X. Sunney , Kirschner Marc W. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
We report a quantitative Raman microscopy method that measures the concentration of protein and lipid in cells at high spatial resolution in living and in fixed samples of tissues, allowing quantitative studies of cell size and organelle regulation both in cell culture and in tissue slices; it can be applied to problems of cell size control, intracellular crowding, and lipid metabolism in the context of cell growth, cell differentiation, cell senescence, and pathology.
Non-contrast CT-based radiomic signature of pericoronary adipose tissue for screening non-calcified plaque
Authors: Jiang Xing-Yuan , Shao Zhi-Qing , Chai Ya-Ting , Liu Ying-Nan , Li Ye 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. To develop two combined clinical-radiomics models of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) for the presence and characterization of non-calcified plaques on non-contrast CT scan. Approach. Altogether, 431 patients undergoing Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography from March 2019 to June 2021 who had complete data were enrolled, including 173 patients with non-calcified plaques of the right coronary artery(RCA) and 258 with no abnormality. PCAT was segmented around the proximal RCA on non-contrast CT scan (calcium score acquisition). Two best models were established by screening features and classifiers respectively using FeAture Explorer software. Model 1 distinguished normal coronary arteries from those with non-calcified plaques, and model 2 distinguished vulnerable plaques in non-calcified plaques. Performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Main results. 4 and 9 features were selected for the establishment of the radiomics model respectively through Model 1 and 2. In the test group, the AUC values, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 0.833%, 78.3%, 80.8%, 76.6% and 0.7467%, 75.0%, 77.8%, 73.5%, respectively. The combined model including radiomics features and independent clinical factors yielded an AUC, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 0.896%, 81.4%, 86.5%, 77.9% for model 1 and 0.752%, 75.0%, 77.8%, 73.5% for model 2. Significance. The combined clinical-radiomics models based on non-contrast CT images of PCAT had good diagnostic efficacy for non-calcified and vulnerable plaques.
Automatic ECG classification and label quality in training data
Authors: Antoni Ľubomír , Bruoth Erik , Bugata Peter , Bugata Jr Peter , Gajdoš Dávid , Horvát Šimon , Hudák Dávid , Kmečová Vladimíra , Staňa Richard , Staňková Monika , Szabari Alexander , Vozáriková Gabriela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. Within the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2021, we focused on the design of a machine learning algorithm to identify cardiac abnormalities from electrocardiogram recordings (ECGs) with a various number of leads and to assess the diagnostic potential of reduced-lead ECGs compared to standard 12-lead ECGs. Approach. In our solution, we developed a model based on a deep convolutional neural network, which is a 1D variant of the popular ResNet50 network. This base model was pre-trained on a large training set with our proposed mapping of original labels to SNOMED codes, using three-valued labels. In the next phase, the model was fine-tuned for the Challenge metric and conditions. Main results. In the Challenge, our proposed approach (team CeZIS) achieved a Challenge test score of 0.52 for all lead configurations, placing us 5th out of 39 in the official ranking. Our improved post-Challenge solution was evaluated as the best for all ranked configurations, i.e. for 12-lead, 3-lead, and 2-lead versions of the full test set with the Challenge test score of 0.62, 0.61, and 0.59, respectively. Significance. In addition to building the model for identifying cardiac anomalies, we provide a more detailed description of the issues associated with label mapping and propose its modification in order to obtain a better starting point for training more powerful classification models. We compare the performance of models for different numbers of leads and identify labels for which two leads are sufficient. Moreover, we evaluate the label quality in individual parts of the Challenge training set.
Device operation and physical mechanism of asymmetric junctionless tunnel field-effect transistors designed to suppress coupled short-channel/short-drain effects and promote on-current switching for ultralow-voltage CMOS applications
Authors: Chen Yu-Hsuan , Teng Hung-Jin , Lien Chen-Hsin , Shih Chun-Hsing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Scaled tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) endure severe short-channel and short-drain effects caused by direct source-to-drain and body-to-drain tunneling. This study numerically examined a Si-based asymmetric junctionless TFET (AJ-TFET) architecture for suppressing coupled short-channel and short-drain effects in and improving the on-current switching of TFET devices for ultralow-voltage CMOS applications. The junctional drain/body facilitates the extending of the off-state tunnel barrier into the drain, enhancing robustness against short-channel and short-drain effects. The junctionless source/body can minimize lateral coupling and thus lead to efficient switching in a TFET, thus generating steep on–off switching swings. The results revealed that in contrast to conventional PIN-TFETs, the AJ-TFET evaluated in this study exhibited considerably lower swing levels and higher current levels. The voltage-scaled AJ-TFET retained excellent subthreshold behaviors and short-channel robustness, offering adequate on-current levels along with minimized leakage levels. Incorporating high-k gate dielectrics into the devices enabled extra on-current boosting and swing minimization, further extending the deep-swing, high-current operation region. Because of their excellent on–off switching and on-current enhancement, the extremely scaled AJ-TFET could operate adequately at low gate and drain voltages (0.3–0.5 V); therefore, they are promising candidates for use in ultralow-voltage energy-efficient applications.