bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating the right to food in sustainability standards: A theory of change to move global supply chains from responsibilities to impacts
Authors: Beuchelt Tina D. , Schneider Rafaël , Gamba Liliana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo address the undesired environmental and social impacts of agricultural export production, the agricultural industry increasingly relies on sustainability standards. These standards neglect food security, although rights‐based food security criteria were recently developed. This research analyses the responsibilities of global supply chain actors for the Right to Food and identifies a feasible implementation pathway to support the operationalization of these criteria. Based on qualitative research, a theory of change was developed and tested in six case studies across the globe. The theory of change discusses relevant stakeholders, necessary changes, expected impacts, and emphasizes the role of market demand and institutional frameworks.
Successful establishment of endangered springsnails following habitat enhancement and translocations
Authors: Johnson William P. , Beauchamp Jeffrey S. , Butler Matthew J. , Sanchez Jeffrey I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Spring‐associated aquatic invertebrates tend to be narrow‐range endemics. Globally, they are threatened with extinction as a result of habitat loss caused by declining aquifers and by climate change.
Extinction risks to narrow‐range endemics may be reduced by having multiple, separate populations, yet there have been few attempts to use conservation translocations to create new populations.
Pyrgulopsis roswellensis (Roswell springsnail), Juturnia kosteri (Koster's springsnail) and Gammarus desperatus (Noel's amphipod) are range‐restricted, spring‐associated endangered species. Each species has lost one or more populations owing to habitat loss, and their distributions are now largely restricted to Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico.
In 2014, Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge enhanced a series of springs by re‐routing a channelized section of river away from them. The goal was to create habitat suitable for establishing new populations of P. roswellensis and J. kosteri, and for expansion of G. desperatus. After assessing risks and benefits of translocations, approximately 6,177 P. roswellensis and 8,707 J. kosteri were introduced into the project area from 2015 to 2018.
Efficacy was evaluated by comparing the abundance of invertebrates in the translocation site through time, and by comparing springsnail abundance with three reference spring systems. From 2014 to 2021, invertebrates were monitored twice annually in the translocation area. In reference spring systems, P. roswellensis and J. kosteri were monitored twice annually in 2020 and 2021.
Counts of springsnails in the translocation area were comparable to one or more reference areas, which suggests that translocations were successful. In addition, the proportion of P. roswellensis, the less common springsnail, to J. kosteri was similar to references areas.
G. desperatus did not increase, which may be because some measures of water quality have not stabilized.
Globally, climate change and aquifer declines necessitate immediate consideration be given to conservation translocations as a means of keeping spring‐associated species from becoming extinct.
High Structural Stability and Reaction Mechanism of Porous Carbon Nanobox Encapsulated Monodisperse CoP Nanoparticles for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Cui Xiang , Liang Minxia , Wang Lei , Li Longgang , Peng Qianqian , Dong Hanghang , Qi Shuo , Sun Weiwei , Lv Li‐ping , Chen Xianfei , Wang Yong , Chen Shuangqiang , Chou Shulei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransition metal phosphides (TMPs) are perplexed by the low electronic/ionic conductivity, volume variations, and unstable reaction interfaces. To tackle these issues, herein, we have proposed a low‐temperature phosphorization strategy by reactions between Co‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) and sodium dihydric hypophosphite to encapsulate monodisperse CoP nanoparticle (∼12 nm) into MOF‐derived hollow and porous carbon nanobox (CoP@PCB). Compared to bare CoP, such CoP@PCB electrode has shown remarkable electrochemical performance, which is highly ascribed to its robust structural feature, pre‐reserved voids, monodisperse CoP nanoparticles, and stable reaction interfaces, as well as fast reaction kinetics. Moreover, the good electrochemical properties of CoP@PCB//LiFePO4 full cells have demonstrated practical possibility. The formation of Co and Li3P as discharged products has corroborated the redox conversion reaction mechanism, as assessed by in‐situ X‐ray diffractions. The favorable function of the carbon shell in boosting both electronic conductivity and lowering diffusion energy barriers has been confirmed by theoretical calculations, demonstrating an important synergistic effect.
Eight years follow‐up of a patient with triple vessel disease patient complicated with heart failure without invasive intervention for home‐based exercise rehabilitation combined traditional Chinese medicine: A case report
Authors: Zhang Sisi , Zheng Huiyang , Liu Xinyu , Meng Xiaoping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report 8‐year follow‐up of a home‐based exercise rehabilitation program combined traditional Chinese medicine for a patient with triple vessel disease patient complicated with heart failure without invasive intervention. Improvements were observed in all outcomes.
Septic shock, acute renal and liver failure following unsafe abortion using bitter leaves and wandering jew in northern Uganda: A case series
Authors: Alobo Gasthony , Reverzani Cristina , Nahurira Violah , Sarno Laura 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnsafe abortion is a major problem in Uganda, being one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Abortions are performed mostly under unsafe conditions, by people without medical training. In rural areas in northern Uganda, women often resort to traditional providers, who use local herbs as abortion remedies, usually with adverse outcomes. Little is known about the biological properties of these herbs and their toxicity profile. Here, we present the case series of two women, of 31 and 24 years of age, who underwent unsafe abortion for unintended pregnancy by using herbal medicines, that is, Commelina Africana (wandering jew) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf), respectively. While the first case resulted in uterine necrosis and pelvic peritonitis, which required multiple surgical interventions and the use of reserve antibiotics, the second case resulted in liver and renal failure that led to the death of the patient. This case series describes the unusual severe toxicity of two herbal medicines that are frequently used to induce abortion in northern Uganda. It highlights possible associations of Commelina Africana (wandering jew) with uterine necrosis complicated by sepsis, and of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) with acute liver and renal failure.
Eosinophilic gastritis without peripheral eosinophilia and atopy: A case report
Authors: Mishra Aakash , Bhattarai Tulsi Ram , Mishra Aman , Poudel Shekhar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEosinophilic gastritis (EG) is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of any gastric layers. We report a 65‐year‐female presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting for two months. Chronic gastritis not responding to empirical treatment interrogated further investigations. In the absence of atopy and peripheral eosinophilia, successful treatment of a large solitary antral ulcer with steroids upheld the diagnosis of EG.
Rehabilitation effects of circuit resistance training in coronary heart disease patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Chunchun , Bu Rongsheng , Wang Yaoguo , Xu Chaoxiang , Chen Youfang , Che Lishuang , Wang Shengnan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and HypothesisThe rehabilitation effect of circuit resistance training in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients remains unclear. We perform this review to examine the rehabilitation effect of circuit resistance training in CHD patients and to provide a basis for the formulation of reasonable individual exercise prescriptions for CHD patients.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Clinical Trials, and CNKI. About 1232 studies were identified. Nine RCTs were finally used for the present meta‐analysis to determine the rehabilitation effect of circuit resistance training in CHD patients, compared to aerobic training. Individuals enrolled for the studies were at a mean age of 60.5 years old and were all CHD patients. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we extracted basic information about the study and patient characteristics, as well as measurements (e.g., the peak oxygen uptake, the body mass index [BMI], the body fat percentage, the systolic blood pressure, the total cholesterol, and triglycerides). Subsequently, this meta‐analysis determined the overall effect by using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsCompared with aerobic training, circuit resistance training significantly decrease the BMI and the body fat percentage.ConclusionsAs suggested from the present meta‐analysis of RCTs, circuit resistance training is effective in improving the BMI and the body fat percentage in CHD patients and may help delay the progression of CHD. CRT has the advantage of lower load in most cases with a similar effect.
Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐derived Co Nanoparticles Embedded in P, N‐Dual‐doped Porous Carbon/rGO Catalyst for Water Splitting and Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Zhao Wenhua , Gong Jiangfeng , Yan Yuxiang , Wu Niandu , Zhou Boye , Ye Yongchun , Yang Shaoguang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCo nanoparticles embedded in P, N ‐dual doped porous carbon/rGO (P, N‐PCCo/rGO) were obtained through electrostatic interaction and high‐temperature pyrolysis with good electrical conductivity and ultrahigh specific surface area. At a current density of 10 mA cm−2, the overpotentials of P,N‐PCCo/rGO during acidic hydrogen evolution (HER) and alkaline oxygen evolution (OER) are 89 mV and 235 mV, respectively. The performance is significantly enhanced with increasing current density, even better than commercial Pt/C and IrO2 in electrocatalytic water splitting. Besides, P,N‐PCCo/rGO have a large half‐wave potential (∼0.872 V) and kinetic current Jk (11.76 mA cm−2) for oxygen evolution reaction (ORR). GO together with porous carbon constrains the growth of Co particles based on assisted synthesis. P, N co‐doped Co particles cause lattice defects of carbon, which form multiple active sites and provide more reaction channels for active species, thereby improving the HER, OER and ORR performance of the P,N‐PCCo/rGO trifunctional catalyst. GO‐assisted preparation of ultra‐thin porous P,N‐PCCo/rGO samples has laid a solid foundation for designing and implementing a series of multifunctional catalysts for graphene oxide‐based heteroatoms (N, P, S, etc.) doped with non‐noble metal embedded porous carbon.
Volunteers Keeping Tabs on Superheroes of the Sea: Florida's Adventure Coast
Authors: Hall-Scharf Brittany J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Horseshoe crabs (Limulidae) are ancient superheroes still walking our beaches today. Besides being a favored prey item for many fish, birds, and sea turtles, pharmaceutical companies use the horseshoe crab's unique blue blood to ensure intravenous drugs are free of harmful bacteria. Historically, horseshoe crabs thrived along Florida's extensive shoreline, but population estimates are lacking. Comprehensive surveys across all coastal habitats by paid faculty or staff are financially and logistically impossible. To address data gaps and better inform fishery managers, collaborators created the Florida Horseshoe Crab Watch program. Intricacies of this program are described, with particular emphasis on Hernando County's training regimen. This case study can inform those interested in using effective citizen science programs to answer questions where volunteer involvement may supersede available funding limitations.
Investigation of pollutant‐removal performance and energy efficiency characteristics of wet electrostatic precipitator
Authors: Liu Hanxiao , Wu Liming , Zheng Chenghang , Li Jianguo , Liu Xiaowei , Chen Zhaomei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnergy conservation and efficiency enhancement are the options to achieve carbon neutrality in coal‐fired power plants. Wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) is an important pollutant removal and energy consumption equipment in coal‐fired power plants, which emits a large amount of CO2 indirectly and has a great potential for emission reduction. In this paper, the emission reduction characteristics of multiple pollutants and energy consumption were analyzed by collecting 158 datasets of WESP. The results showed that WESP was effective at removing PM, PM2.5, SO3, droplets, and Hg with the following concentrations at the outlet: 1–10, 3, 1–5, 15, and 5 µg/m3, respectively. The emission factors of different pollutants were sorted in the descending order of size as droplets (average value 51.59 g/MWh), PM (19.15 g/MWh), SO3 (17.32 g/MWh), PM2.5 (8.21 g/MWh), and Hg (9.74 mg/MWh). Specific power/water/alkali consumptions were found as 0.5–2.5×10–4 kWh/m3, 10 × 106 t/m3, and 0.06–9.79 ×10–8 t/m3, respectively. These consumptions were negatively correlated with the inlet concentration of PM/SO3. The average annual emission of CO2 per unit installed capacity by the application of WESP was found to be 13.88 t/MW. It was estimated that the CO2 annual emissions by using WESP in coal‐fired power plants in China were 1.68×106 t. The CO2 annual emission reduction of 7.33×105 t could be achieved through grade 2 energy efficiency WESP (7.83 t/MW) of GB/T 37484‐2019. A further reduction of 3.18×105 t could be achieved if it could be controlled at grade 1 (5.20 t/MW). This study can provide a valuable reference for the subsequent operation of ultra‐low emission units to conserve energy and reduce CO2 emissions. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The orphan G protein‐coupled receptor GPR149 is a negative regulator of myelination and remyelination
Authors: Suo Na , He Bingqing , Cui Shihao , Yang Ying , Wang Min , Yuan Qianting , Xie Xin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMyelin sheath, formed by oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in periphery, plays a critical role in supporting neuronal functions. OLs, differentiated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), are important for myelination during development and myelin repair in CNS demyelinating disease. To identify mechanisms of myelin development and remyelination after myelin damage is of great clinical interest. Here we show that the orphan G protein‐coupled receptor GPR149, enriched in OPCs, negatively regulate OPC to OL differentiation, myelination, as well as remyelination. The expression of GPR149 is downregulated during OPCs differentiation into OLs. GPR149 deficiency does not affect the number of OPCs, but promotes OPC to OL differentiation which results in earlier development of myelin. In cuprizone‐induced demyelination model, GPR149 deficiency significantly enhances myelin regeneration. Further study indicates that GPR149 may regulate OL differentiation and myelin formation via MAPK/ERK pathway. Our study suggests that deleting or blocking GPR149 might be an intriguing way to promote myelin repair in demyelinating diseases.
Expression of interleukin 1, interleukin 27, and TNF α genes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: A case‐control study
Authors: Iravani Saadi Mahdiyar , Salami Javad , Abdi Hanieh , Kheradmand Nadiya , Nabi Abdolyousefi Ehsan , Torkamani Mahmoud , Karimi Zahed , Agah Shahram , Rahimian Zahra , Manafi Alireza 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsCongestive heart failure is a complex multifactorial syndrome due to tissue hypoperfusion that is affected by some factors like inflammatory cytokines. In our study, we investigated the exact gene expression of three inflammatory cytokines in ischemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy patients.MethodsFrom 49 studied recipients in the ischemic group, 23 (46.9%) were male and from 40 studied recipients in the idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy group, 19 (47.5%) were male. For the quantitative analysis of interleukin (IL)‐1, IL‐27, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α messenger RNAs expression level, the SYBR Green real‐time polymerase chain reaction method was performed using SYBRPremix Ex TaqTM II (Tli RNaseH Plus; Takara) and designed primers specific for each gene in an iQ5 thermocycler (BioRad Laboratories) according to the manufacturer's instructions.ResultsOur results showed that the expression level of IL‐1 and TNF‐α were significantly higher in the ischemic patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively); also, we found higher levels of IL‐1 and IL‐27 gene expressions in idiopathic patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). There were not any significant differences in IL‐1, IL‐27, and TNF‐α expression levels between ischemic patients and idiopathic ones.ConclusionAlthough we would introduce IL‐1, IL‐27, and TNF‐α as effective inflammatory cytokines on myocardial functions in ischemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy patients, there is not any difference between these two groups in gene expression of three main inflammatory cytokines.
Aberrant TRPC1 expression reflects stromal cervical invasion, lymphovascular invasion, elevated FIGO stage, and poor survival in resectable endometrial carcinoma patients
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Chun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) promotes tumor growth and metastasis in endometrial carcinoma (EC) cell lines, whereas its clinical role in EC management remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of TRPC1 protein expression with the clinical features and survival of EC patients, then was further validated by TRPC1 mRNA measurement and data from The Human Protein Atlas.MethodsTRPC1 protein expression in tumor tissues and normal endometria of 176 resectable EC patients was determined using immunohistochemistry. Besides, TRPC1 mRNA expression of partial patients (n = 80) was detected using RT‐qPCR. Additionally, survival data from The Human Protein Atlas (derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA]) was analyzed.ResultsTRPC1 protein expression was up‐regulated in tumor tissue compared with normal endometrium (p < 0.001). Up‐regulated TRPC1 protein expression was associated with stromal cervical invasion (p = 0.044), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.032), and increased federation of gynecology and obstetrics (FIGO) stage (p = 0.005). Tumor TRPC1 protein high was linked with shortened accumulating disease‐free survival (DFS) (p = 0.009) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.026), which were also confirmed by multivariate Cox's regression analysis (both p < 0.050). Further, TRPC1 mRNA validation disclosed that TRPC1 mRNA high was related to shortened accumulating DFS (p = 0.038) and exhibited a correlating trend with declined OS (lacked statistical significance) (p = 0.162). Meanwhile, survival analysis on the data from The Human Protein Atlas (derived from TCGA) also exhibited that TRPC1 mRNA high was correlated with reduced accumulating OS (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur findings support TRPC1 as a prognostic biomarker in resectable EC patients.
Problem solving in fawn‐footed mosaic‐tailed rats Melomys cervinipes is not significantly influenced by maternal care or genetic effects
Authors: Rowell Misha K. , Rymer Tasmin L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInnovative problem solving is thought to be a flexible trait that allows animals to adjust to changing or challenging environmental conditions. However, it is not known how problem solving develops during an animal's early life, or whether it may have a heritable component. We investigated whether maternal genetic and nongenetic effects influenced problem‐solving ability in a native Australian rodent, the fawn‐footed mosaic‐tailed rat Melomys cervinipes. We measured direct (time spent grooming and huddling), indirect (time spent nesting), and total amount of maternal care received across pup development (postnatal Days 1–13). We measured problem solving in juveniles using matchbox tasks, and in mothers and adult offspring using six tasks of varying complexity (matchbox, cylinder, obstruction, pillar, tile, and lever tasks). We found no relationship between any maternal care measures and problem‐solving abilities across multiple tests, suggesting limited (if any) maternal nongenetic effects. We also found that, as shown by low heritability estimates, problem solving only had a small heritable component in some tasks, but this was nonsignificant and requires further investigation. These results suggest that problem solving is unlikely to be constrained by maternal effects experienced during early development, and is, instead, more likely to be influenced by other factors (e.g., experience) later in an individual's lifetime.
Short‐term responses of riparian salamander populations to wildfire in the Southern Appalachians
Authors: Gould Philip R. , Gade Meaghan R. , Wilk Andrew J. , Peterman William E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWildfire is a natural disturbance within many forest ecosystems and is rapidly becoming more frequent and severe because of the combination of historical fire suppression and climate change. In Southern Appalachian hardwood forests, there is a limited understanding of how salamander populations respond to wildfire, despite their high diversity and abundance in forest ecosystems. We expected populations of lungless, plethodontid salamanders to respond negatively to wildfire and the drier microhabitat conditions in burned habitat. We evaluated the effect of fire on 3 plethodontid salamander species (Blue Ridge two‐lined salamander [Eurycea wilderae], Ocoee salamander [Desmognathus ocoee], red‐legged salamander [Plethodon shermani]) with different life histories from 2017–2019 following a wildfire in a Southern Appalachian riparian forest in North Carolina, USA. We estimated differences in abundance, frequency of adults in the population, and terrestrial distribution in relation to streams between burned and reference riparian forest sites. Wildfire had negative effects on the abundance of semi‐aquatic species, but temporal patterns differed by species. Abundance of the Blue Ridge two‐lined salamander was lower in burn sites than reference sites immediately after fire, followed by a gradual convergence towards reference‐site densities. Conversely, Ocoee salamanders had a time‐lagged response, where we observed significantly lower densities in burn sites relative to reference sites for only 2 years after fire. We did not observe strong responses of red‐legged salamander abundance to fire. There were no consistent patterns in how the percentage of adults in reference or burn sites differed over time, suggesting that population responses to burn vary by species. Finally, we observed adults of all species and juveniles of semi‐aquatic species farther from streams in burn sites. Our findings suggest plethodontid salamander communities may tolerate riparian wildfires, although longer‐term studies are required to understand how long it takes for patterns of population size structure and habitat use to converge with those in unburned reference sites.