bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human APOER2 Isoforms Have Differential Cleavage Events and Synaptic Properties
Authors: Omuro Kerilyn Casey , Gallo Christina M. , Scrandis Lauren , Ho Angela , Beffert Uwe 
Published: April 2022

Human apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (APOER2) is a type I transmembrane protein with a large extracellular domain (ECD) and a short cytoplasmic tail. APOER2-ECD contains several ligand-binding domains (LBDs) that are organized into exons with aligning phase junctions, which allows for in-frame exon cassette splicing events. We have identified 25 human APOER2 isoforms from cerebral cortex using gene-specific APOER2 primers, where the majority are exon-skipping events within the N-terminal LBD regions compared with six identified in the heart. APOER2 undergoes proteolytic cleavage in response to ligand binding that releases a C-terminal fragment (CTF) and transcriptionally active intracellular domain (ICD). We tested whether the diversity of human brain-specific APOER2 variants affects APOER2 cleavage. We found isoforms with differing numbers of ligand-binding repeats generated different amounts of CTFs compared with full-length APOER2 (APOER2-FL). Specifically, APOER2 isoforms lacking exons 5–8 (Δex5–8) and lacking exons 4–6 (Δex4–6) generated the highest and lowest amounts of CTF generation, respectively, in response to APOE peptide compared with APOER2-FL. The differential CTF generation of Δex5–8 and Δex4–6 coincides with the proteolytic release of the ICD, which mediates transcriptional activation facilitated by the Mint1 adaptor protein. Functionally, we demonstrated loss of mouseApoer2decreased miniature event frequency in excitatory synapses, which may be because of a decrease in the total number of synapses and/or VAMP2 positive neurons. Lentiviral infection with human APOER2-FL or Δex4–6 isoform inApoer2knockout neurons restored the miniature event frequency but not Δex5–8 isoform. These results suggest that human APOER2 isoforms have differential cleavage events and synaptic properties.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans and mice share virtually the same number of protein-coding genes. However, humans have greater complexity of any higher eukaryotic organisms by encoding multiple protein forms through alternative splicing modifications. Alternative splicing allows pre-mRNAs transcribed from genes to be spliced in different arrangements, producing structurally and functionally distinct protein variants that increase proteomic diversity and are particularly prevalent in the human brain. Here, we identified 25 distinct human APOER2 splice variants from the cerebral cortex using gene-specific APOER2 primers, where the majority are exon-skipping events that exclude N-terminal ligand-binding regions of APOER2. We show that some of the APOER2 variants have differential proteolytic properties in response to APOE ligand and exhibit distinct synaptic properties.
Morphological Differences between Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon vagabundus based on Truss Morphometric Characters
Authors: Hadi Rosewitha Anggraeni Privieshanti , Winarni Elly Tuti , Bhagawati Dian , Nuryanto Agus 
Published: April 2022

Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon vagabundus are popular marine aquaria fish from Cahetodontidae family. Both species show subtle morphological variations, especially in juvenile stages, which might lead to misidentification. Additional morphological characteristics, such as truss morphometric, are valuable characters for species identification in Chaetodontidae. This study aimed to evaluate morphological differences between Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus based on truss morphometric characters. The study is expected to provide new morphometric characters for Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus differentiation on the southern coast of West Java, Indonesia. Fish samples were collected from Ujunggenteng and Taman Manalusu Beach. The specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and referred to the characters available in the literature. Truss morphometric characters were measured using callipers with an accuracy of 0.01mm and convert to ratio values to obtain constant value. The data were analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney test in SPSS software packages. The result showed that five truss morphometric characters were significantly different between C. auriga and C.vagabundus. This study concluded that C. auriga and C. vagabundus could be differentiated using truss morphometric character. This study provides five new morphometric characters for species differentiation in fish species, especially between C. auriga and C. vagabundus.
Remote Stewardship for Medically Underserved Nurseries: A Stepped-Wedge, Cluster Randomized Study
Authors: Cantey Joseph B. , Correa Cynthia C. , Dugi Daniel D. , Huff Erin , Olaya Jorge E. , Farner Rachael 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Antibiotic overuse is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Many medically underserved centers lack pediatric antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) support. Telestewardship may mitigate this disparity. Authors of this study aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of a nursery-specific ASP delivered remotely.

METHODS
Remote ASP was implemented in 8 medically underserved newborn nurseries using a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized design over 3 years. This included a 15-month baseline period, a 9-month “step-in” period using random nursery order, and a 12-month postintervention period. The program consisted of education, audit, and feedback; and 24/7 infectious diseases provider-to-provider phone consultation availability. Outcomes included each center’s volume of antibiotic use and the proportion of infants exposed to any antibiotics. Safety measures included length of stay, transfer to another facility, sepsis, and mortality.

RESULTS
During the study period, there were 9277 infants born (4586 preintervention, 4691 postintervention). Infants exposed to antibiotics declined from 6.2% pre-ASP to 4.2% post-ASP (relative risk 0.68 [95% confidence interval, 0.63% to 0.75%]). Total antibiotic use declined from 117 to 84.1 days of therapy per 1000 patient-days (-28% [95% confidence interval −22% to −34%]. No safety signals were observed. Most provider-to-provider consultations were &lt;5 minutes in duration and occurred during normal business hours.

CONCLUSIONS
The number of infants exposed to antibiotics and total antibiotic use declined in medically underserved nurseries after implementing a remote ASP. No adverse safety events were seen, and the remote ASP time demands were manageable. Remote stewardship may be a safe and effective strategy for optimizing antibiotic use in medically underserved newborn nurseries.
Gaming disorder and the COVID-19 pandemic: Treatment demand and service delivery challenges
Authors: King Daniel L. , Achab Sophia , Higuchi Susumu , Bowden-Jones Henrietta , Müller Kai W. , Billieux Joël , Starcevic Vladan , Saunders John B. , Tam Philip , Delfabbro Paul H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Gaming activities have conferred numerous benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some individuals may be at greater risk of problem gaming due to disruption to adaptive routines, increased anxiety and/or depression, and social isolation. This paper presents a summary of 2019–2021 service data from specialist addiction centers in Germany, Switzerland, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Treatment demand for gaming disorder has exceeded service capacity during the pandemic, with significant service access issues. These data highlight the need for adaptability of gaming disorder services and greater resources and funding to respond effectively in future public health crises.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in teenage pregnancy
Authors: Marimuthu Kavitha , S. Sivamanju 
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnancies that occur below the age of 19 years are called as teenage pregnancies. Teenage pregnancy is a common public health problem worldwide which is harmful to the health of mother and child and has long been considered a high-risk state. It is associated with high maternal, fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The complications are anaemia, preterm delivery, hydramnios, malposition, preeclampsia, eclampsia.Methods: A prospective study of teenage pregnancy was carried out at Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri for the period of 1 year. Pregnant women admitted in labour ward were taken for study. 500 cases of teenage women upto 19 years were included in above period. A structured proforma was used to collect information. Information regarding age, educational status, occupation, socioeconomic status, number of siblings in the family, marital status, age at marriage, health awareness, knowledge about pregnancy and delivery, antenatal visits were obtained from history. Complications during antenatal period, delivery and postpartum were observed. Details regarding mode of delivery and birth weight of the baby were noted. Baby details noted and babies admitted in neonatal ward were followed up till they were discharged.Results: The incidence of teenage pregnancy was 6.74%. In our study 93% of pregnant teenagers were 17-19 years old. Around half had caesarean section. All complications such as anaemia, PIH, preterm, low birth weight and post op complications such as local sepsis, mastitis and UTI were increased in teenage group. Most of babies in the study group required NICU admission. Leading causes of admission in NICU were respiratory distress and preterm babies.Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy is associated with significantly higher risk of anaemia, PIH, preterm deliveries, neonatal mortality and morbidity. A combined multidisciplinary approach involving educationists, health and social workers, obstetrician and gynaecologists is required to improve the adolescent’s reproductive health.
Job insecurity and child well-being in single-parent families in Europe: A matter of family and gender policy
Authors: Moreno Mínguez Almudena , Pérez-Corral Antonio L. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this article is to extend our knowledge about child deprivation in single-parent families from a comparative European perspective. We first analyse the relationship between the employment status of single parents and child deprivation. Furthermore, we examine whether gender equality in the labour market and family cash benefits reduce deprivation and alleviate the consequences of unemployment and employment precariousness.
Background: Children from single-parent families suffer deprivation mainly due to their parents' job insecurity and the fact that, in general, there is only one breadwinner in their households, usually a woman. However, the situation of these children may differ between European countries according to gender equality and family policies.
Method: We use cross-sectional data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions 2014 and multilevel logistic regressions. The analysis is based on a sample of single-parent households (N = 5910) from 28 European countries.
Results: The results indicate that temporary employment and unemployment are associated with a greater risk of child deprivation in single-parent families. The results also show that gender equality in the labour market reduces child deprivation, especially in families where the parent has a temporary employment. Redistributive family policies have a more limited impact.
Conclusion: The main findings indicate that advances in gender equality in the labour market are essential to combat child deprivation in single-parent families in Europe.
New REE-Constrained Terrigenous Depositional Changes in the Central Okinawa Trough and their Responses to Climate since 92 Millennia
Authors: Zou Jianjun , Shi Xuefa , Zhu Aimei , Chang Yuan-Pin , Chen Min-Te , Dou Ruxi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The continental margin is one of the major depocenters for terrigenous sediments in the world ocean. Complex interactions between land and sea control the sedimentary processes along the continental margin. The Okinawa Trough (OT) receives huge amounts of terrigenous materials transported by rivers from the adjacent landmass, while the Kuroshio Current (KC) and the North Pacific Intermediate Water jointly play major roles in oceanic climate and regional deposition patterns of terrigenous sediments. Various studies have investigated the changes in terrigenous sediment provenance in the central OT only since the last glacial. Still, few studies focus on more long-term variations in terrigenous deposition over the last few glacial-interglacial cycles. Here, we report a new high-resolution sediment geochemistry record of a well-dated core MD01-2404 taken from the central OT covering a timespan of 92 kyr. Our results show dynamic glacial-interglacial changes in sediment compositions and terrigenous deposition patterns. Bulk sediments in MD01-2404 comprise relatively high biogenic components during interglacials, while higher terrigenous fractions during the last deglacial and glacial periods. We suggest that the provenance of terrigenous sediments is mainly derived from Taiwanese rivers, Yangtze River, and Yellow River with hydrothermal inputs. During the time interval of 37 to 46 kyr, a new finding of “Negative Ce Anomaly Event” in the central OT firstly reported here is attributed to a combination of suboxic conditions in deep and pore waters and the addition of depleted Ce-bearing sediments. Temporal changes of deposition patterns in the central OT are attributed to complex interactions among dynamic glacial-interglacial changes in eustatic sea level, the East Asian summer monsoon, and the KC.
Risk Management and Optimization in Real-Time Noncondensable Gas Co-injection under Economic Uncertainty
Authors: Sibaweihi Najmudeen , Trivedi Japan 
Published: April 2022

Summary
When the oil price is volatile, maximizing steam allocation and noncondensable gas (NCG) is essential to ensuring a profit but reducing risk. Minimizing risk entails moving the distribution of lower tail returns closer to the expected return. Thus, there is a risk-reward tradeoff during optimization. Real-time risk-return optimization with first-principle models is computationally demanding. Sibaweihi et al. (2019) presented a real-time steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) recovery optimization with varying steam availability workflow. The workflow cannot handle uncertainty, and the data-driven model may forecast out of the physical range of the model output parameters. As a result, data-driven process modeling incorporating physical or operational constraints and an optimization problem formulation that references a decision-makers' metrics to a benchmark is crucial.
This study proposes data-driven input-output normalization to incorporate operating constraints based on their physical range. The workflow includes model training updating based on the concept of forgetting factor to adapt the data-driven model to the current state of the reservoir. A robust optimization (RO) problem scheme in which economic risk is mitigated by formulating the objective as a tradeoff of expected returns and risk is managed in real time. A modified Modigliani’s risk-adjusted performance has been implemented to minimize the possibility of selecting the wrong optimal risk-return tradeoff of nonsymmetric return realizations in this work. In this work, the risk is quantified through variance, minimum, semivariance (down side risk), and conditional-value-at-risk of the returns realizations because of oil price volatility.
Application of the proposed workflow on a synthetic reservoir with steam NCG co-injection showed the data-driven calibrated model forecast performance shows a reasonable agreement with the synthetic reservoir throughout the optimization period. In addition, the optimization study with the proposed workflow also showed a net present value (NPV) increase of approximately 25–77% and a decrease in the cumulative steam-oil-ratio (cSOR) from 4.5 to 6.7% compared with the continuous steam injection base case. The reduction in cSOR indicates a lower steam requirement. An increase in methane sequestered demonstrates workflow ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while improving SAGD NCG co-injection key performance indicators.
Bonding Mechanism of Zonal Isolation Materials to Clean and Rusted Casing
Authors: Kamali Mohammadreza , Khalifeh Mahmoud , Saasen Arild 
Published: April 2022

Summary
In oil and gas and geothermal well construction, a cementitious material is pumped in the wellbore to provide zonal isolation and support the casing during the life cycle of the well. Thus, the cementitious barrier materials must be durable in terms of chemical and mechanical properties and have chemical compatibility with casing pipe. The complex region of casing-cement interface is considered a key parameter to fulfill long-term zonal isolation. This interface must be chemically stable and impermeable to block unwanted formation fluid communication. Shortcomings of conventional Portland cement under operational conditions and increasing sensitivity to its carbon footprint are motivations for a green alternative. Bond strength and sealability of cement with steel surface have been measured previously. But few research works cover surface characterization and morphological analysis of barrier materials and the connected steel surface. This study provides a full picture of selected alternative materials in terms of shear bond strength, hydraulic sealability, and interface morphology analysis of the materials. Materials include API Class G cement, an industrial expansive cement, noncement-based pozzolanic material, geopolymer, and thermosetting resin. Also, clean and rusted steels were considered as a representative for the casing pipe in the field. The samples were prepared under elevated pressure and temperature. The results proved that higher shear bond strength is not an indication of good sealability, and the ingredients used to mix slurries have a critical role in the structure of the interfacial zone between casing and barrier material.
Relationship between Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Fujian Province: A Case-control study
Authors: Chen Guangmin , He Fei , Wu Jiasheng , Yang Huimin , Su Jin , Lin Jianbo , Liu Yuhang , Xu Xinying , Bai Liang , Cai Lin , Zheng Kuicheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Outdoor air pollutants, especially particulate matters, are defined as a type of carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Studies have shown that air pollutionis associated with lung cancer morbidity or mortality. This study is aimed at exploring the relationship between air pollutants and primary lung cancer in Fujian Province, China. Methods:We conducted a hospital-based, retrospective, case–control epidemiological study on three different populations to assess the occurrence of lung cancer caused by exposure to various levels of air pollution. Statistical analysiswas performed using the SPSS 25.0. Unconditional logistic regression modeling and identification of possible confounding factors were performed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for air pollution indexes and lung cancer risk. Results: The total study population comprised 885 lung cancer patients and 1,220 healthy controls. The following parameters were identified as risk factors for lung cancer among the total population: smoking; exposure to cooking oil fumes; passive smoking; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3. For smokers, medical history of lung disease, family history of lung cancer, and exposure to PM10, and PM2.5 were risk factors for lung cancer. Among non-smokers, exposure to cooking oil fumes; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 were factors increasing the risk of lung cancer. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer, with the risk being greater for non-smokers and persons exposed to cooking oil fumes.
Establishment and Functional Characterization of Immortalized Rabbit Dermal Papilla Cell Lines
Authors: Li Jiali , Zhao Bohao , Zhang Chen , Zhang Xiyu , Dai Yingying , Hu Shuaishuai , Yang Naisu , Chen Yang , Wu Xinsheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Hair follicle (HF) undergo periodic growth and development in mammals, which regulated by dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are reported to play an important role in the HF morphogenesis and development. However, primary DPCs have low proliferative activity, age quickly, and fresh cell isolation is both time-consuming and laborious. Method: In this study, we introduced the SV40 large T antigen (SV40T) into dissociated early passage rabbit vibrissae DPCs with lentiviral vectors and established seven immortalized DP cell lines (R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5, R-6 and R-7). Result: These cell lines displayed early passage morphology and displayed high alkaline phosphatase activity. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that all the immortalized cell lines expressed the DPC markers (α-SMA ,IGF1, ALPL, FGF2, BMP2 and TGFβ2; α-SMA and VIM protein), but α-SMA was only expressed well in R-3, R-4, and R-7. Furthermore, it was found that R-7 was the only line to survive beyond 50 passages. Compared to melanoma cells, R-7 did not undergo malignant transformation. Karyotyping and cell growth viability analysis illustrated that the R-7 cell line preserved the basic characteristics of primary DPCs. Conclusion: The R-7 DPCs established have potential application for future hair research. The study provides the theoretical basis in the cell research of HF growth and development.
The futility of geoengineering tropical cyclones through ocean cooling
Authors: Hlywiak James , Nolan David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Proposals to use technology to cool sea surface temperatures have received attention for the potential application of weakening a tropical cyclone ahead of landfall. First, application of an ocean-mixing aware maximum potential intensity theory finds that artificial ocean cooling could drastically weaken tropical cyclones over high sea surface temperature, deep mixed layer environments, especially for fast translation speeds. In contrast, realistic mesoscale numerical simulations reveal that massive regions of artificial cooling could weaken a TC two days before landfall by 15% but only under the most ideal atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Thus, the fundamental theory provides an unreachable upper-bound that is only attainable via unlimited resources. Capital would likely be better spent on endeavors such as improved forecasting and near-shore infrastructure.
The effect of Zn metal on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of Organic Phthalocyanine (Pc) material-Electrical characterization
Authors: Benhaliliba M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Organic Phthalocyanine (Pc) material is studied when Zn cation is inserted in such molecule. Effect of zinc cation on nonlinear optical properties is evidenced. Experimental Raman spectrum and theoretical spectrum of ZnPc cluster using DFT method are investigated. Absorbance profile of Phtalocyanine (Pc) and Zincphthalocynanine (ZnPc) using TDDFT approximation technique and experimental are compared. The density of states DOS are plotted and LUMO- HOMO energies are found to be -2.28 and − 7.41 eV for Pc and − 2.28 and − 6.08 eV for ZnPc. High transparency of ZnPc film is observed within visible band and optical band gap of 3.83 eV is determined. Evaluated at 1.4 eV Urbach energy of ZnPc is then determined. A (213)-oriented monoclinic crystalline structure of ZnPc thin film is observed by X-ray pattern. A selective wavelength of 360 nm is recorded and filter optical properties are confirmed. High rectifying behavior of ZnPc/Si/Al is demonstrated and SCLC conduction mechanism is dominant inside the organic device.