bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The The Crystal Structure of La3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7 and Pr3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7 Compounds
Authors: Blashko N.M. , Smitiukh O.V. , Marchuk O.V. 
Published: March 2022

The crystal structure of La3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7 and Pr3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7 compounds was determined by X-ray powder diffraction method. The samples were prepared by solid-solid reactions of the elements at 1370 K. The compounds crystallize in the La3CuSiS7 structure type, space group P63, with the lattice and computation parameters a = 1.01902(3) nm, c = 0.60661(2) nm, RI = 0.0673, RP = 0.1546 (for La3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7) and a = 1.00034(3) nm, c = 0.60587(3) nm, RI = 0.0847, RP = 0.1623 (for Pr3Pb0.1Ga1.6S7). The crystalline structure is described with hexagonal system, in which La(Pr) atoms center trigonal prisms with one additional atom. These prisms are formed by S atoms. The atoms of the statistical mixture M1(0.600 Ga + 0.090 Pb) and M2 (0.59(1) Ga + 0.095(7) Pb) are located practically in the centers of the octahedra of S atoms. Ga atoms are located in tetrahedra of S atoms. Asymmetric structure of the studied compounds points out their non-linear properties. Adding Pb atoms to the structure of La3Ga1.67S(Se)7 compounds increases the probability of formation of the ionic component of the inter-atomic bond, and this in turn improves thermoelectric properties.
Russian and Lithuanian Phraseological Units with Component береза / beržas: Linguocultural and Ethnolinguistic Aspects
Authors: Konickaja Jelena 
Published: March 2022

The present article deals with the problem of distinguishing between two types of analysis – linguocultural and ethnolinguistic, which can be cleared up by a contrastive study of Russian and Lithuanian phraseological units containing the name of a tree Russ. berjoza ‘birch’ (Lithuan. beržas). This linguocultural analysis emphasized considerable differences in the cultural and symbolic meanings of Russ. berjoza ‘birch’ and Lithuan. beržas. In the Russian linguistic picture of the world, a birch is generally seen as a light, positive tree associated with youth and beauty that is endowed with many positive qualities, while in the Lithuanian linguistic picture of the world, beržas is a useless tree. Еhe opposite features are also noted in both Russian berjoza and Lithuanian beržas. The ethnolinguistic aspect analyzed according to some of the more important parameters showed that the characteristics of the tree reflected in phraseology are often rooted in ancient concepts which are largely common to both peoples. The ethnolinguistic study that referred to the ancient ideas of the two ethnic groups reveals not only their differences, but also their strong similarity (the connection of the tree with the idea of the generations, death, with the chthonic world, and protective functions of a tree, etc.).
Functioning of Word-Forming Components гомо- / гетеро- in the Russian Language
Authors: Shkapenko Tatyana , Shapovalenko Evgeny 
Published: March 2022

The article examines the features of functioning of prepositive components of Greek origin homo- / hetero- in the Russian language in a synchronic and diachronic perspective. The necessity of a differentiated approach to determining the morphological status of these components, depending on their meaning and use in a particular type of discourse, is substantiated. In scientific discourse гомо- /гетеро- are used as term elements denoting the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the defined part of the derivatives and perform the function of prefixes. There is a tendency to expand the scope of their functioning from the exact and natural sciences to the humanities. When used in the meaning of markers of sexual identification, the morphological status of these components is differentiated depending on the type of the derived word. As part of the composites, гомо-/гетеро- act as one of their derivative bases, in affixal formations they acquire the status of a root. The peak of morphosemantic development of components is their lexicalization, as a result of which they begin to be used as an autonomous part of speech - a noun. The growth of the derivational activity of гомо-/гетеро- in modern Russian is explained by the influence of extralinguistic factors considered in a broad socio-historical context.
ЗНИЖЕННЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО І СИЛОВОГО ВПЛИВУ НАДЗВУКОВИХ СТРУМЕНІВ РАКЕТНОГО ДВИГУНА НА ОБ’ЄКТИ НАЗЕМНОГО ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО ОБЛАДНАННЯ
Authors: Mochonov R. , Sotnichenko А. , Ivanytskyi H. , Salo М. , Brizhak О. 
Published: March 2022

У більшості сучасних стартових комплексів ракет космічного призначення для захисту від оплавлення поверхонь, що зазнають безпосереднього впливу високотемпературних газових струменів, використовуються системи водоподачі. На сьогоднішній день єдиним можливим способом теоретичного дослідження процесів взаємодії надзвукового струменя двигунної установки зі струменями води, що розбризкуються коллектором системи водоподачі, є чисельне моделювання. Для дослідження температурного і теплового навантаження поверхонь, що знаходяться під впливом надзвукових струменів двигунної установки, було проведено чисельне моделювання газодинамічних процесів, що відбуваються в газоході в момент старту ракети космічного призначення. Були розглянуті два варіанти, з подачею води і без неї. В якості розрахункової моделі був обраний газохід ракети космічного призначення «Антарес». В основі математичної моделі лежать рівняння динаміки двофазного середовища. При цьому течія газу описується тривимірними рівняннями Нав’є-Стокса, а моделювання крапель води проведено з використанням траекторного підходу Лагранжа. Дослідження виконувались в комерційному коді ANSYS Fluent. В результаті проведеного чисельного експерименту були отримані дані щодо ефективності зниження теплового і силового впливу надзвукових струменів двигунної установки на конструкцію газоходу при використанні системи водоподачі. За підсумками проведених досліджень сформульовано основні рекомендації, які можуть бути корисними при розробці та оптимізації систем водоподачі наземних комплексів ракет космічного призначення.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТОПОЛОГІЧНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ СИЛОВИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ РРД, ВИГОТОВЛЕНИХ АДИТИВНИМИ ТЕХНОЛОГІЯМИ
Authors: Bondarenko O. , Vekilov S. , Tkachov Y. , Marchan R. 
Published: March 2022

На сьогоднішній день ракетно-космічна техніка виходить на новий рівень. Розвиток адитивних технологій та використання нових матеріалів для 3Д-друку позитивно впливають на галузь в цілому. Дуже стрімко зростає конкуренція на сучасному ринку виробів ракетно-космічної техніки, тому значна більшість космічних компаній (державних та приватних), наприклад RocketLab, SpaceX, Firefly Aerospace, FlightControl Propulsion, BlueOrigin та інші все більше використовують 3Д-друковані вироби та деталі. 3Д-друк значно прискорює час виготовлення тих чи інших виробів, що вкрай необхідно при великому серійному виробництві. Також з розвитком адитивних технологій відкрились більші можливості для створення нетипових геометричних форм тих чи інших деталей. Адитивні технології мають декілька способів виготовлення (одним з таких способів є SLM (Selective Laser Melting), за допомогою якого було виготовлено оптимізований кронштейн). В роботі наведено принцип топологічної оптимізації, на прикладі одного кронштейна. Наведена схема алгоритму при виконанні топологічної оптимізації. Описано сам процес топологічної оптимізації, тобто показаний повний цикл. Приведено головний принцип SIMP-методу. На основі отриманого проміжного результату проведено міцністний аналіз (з використанням методу кінцевих елементів (МКЕ)) кронштейна до і після топологічної оптимізації для різних розрахункових випадків (навантаження осьовою стискальною силою, навантаження квазістатичними перевантаженнями), де був визначений кінцевий варіант конструкції. Дана конструкція пройшла ряд статичних випробувань (в умовах реальної роботи) і успішно себе проявила в роботі на виробі, де і передбачалося цільове призначення.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СТУПЕНЮ ВПЛИВУ ЗЛЕДЕНІННЯ НА ЛІТАЛЬНИЙ АПАРАТ
Authors: Alekseyenko S. 
Published: March 2022

В певних льотних умовах переохолоджені краплі води, що містяться в хмарах, можуть замерзати, потрапляючи на аеродинамічні поверхні літальних апаратів. Крижані нарости, які в результаті цього утворюються, можуть мати істотний вплив на аеродинаміку літака, змінюючи шорсткість поверхні та її форму. Але питання визначення ступеню негативного впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат, який має певні компоновку, аеродинамічну форму і розміри в певних метеорологічних та льотних умовах, є досить складним і все ще залишається далеким від завершення. В роботі запропоновано та проілюстровано методику визначення ступеню негативного впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат, яка знаходиться у відповідності до нормативної документації та існуючої системи визначень умов зледеніння, та дозволяє враховувати як конфігурацію і розміри літального апарату, так і метеорологічні та льотні умови. Методика заснована на розробленому програмно-методичному забезпеченні, яка дозволяє чисельно моделювати процеси обмерзання аеродинамічних поверхонь літальних апаратів. При описі повітряно-крапельного потоку і процесу випадіння вологи на обтічну поверхню використано модель взаємопроникних середовищ, а при описі процесу наростання криги – методика, що базується на рівняннях нерозривності і збереження енергії. На прикладі профілю NACA 0012 проведено дослідження впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат в широкому діапазоні льотних і метеорологічних параметрів, результати розрахунків представлені у вигляді чотирипараметричних номограм. Наведена систематизація результатів дозволить швидко аналізувати небезпеку зледеніння за запланованим маршрутом польоту в відомих метеорологічних умовах, а також під час польоту з використанням поточних даних стану атмосфери, виробляти рекомендації щодо зміни плану польоту. Методика може бути доповнена детальним врахуванням впливу зледеніння на аеродинамічні характеристики, стійкість та керованість літального апарату.
Transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair in patients with severe mitral regurgitation: data from the MitraClip Russia Trial
Authors: Imaev T. E. , Komlev A. E. , Kuchin I. V. , Saidova M. A. , Kolegaev A. S. , Makeev M. I. , Salichkin D. V. , Lepilin P. M. , Margolina A. A. , Boytsov S. A. , Akchurin R. S. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To study the immediate and short-term outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip NT in patients with severe mitral regurgitation as part of the MitraClip Russia prospective single-center study.Material and methods. The study included 16 patients (men, 10; women, 6) with mean age of 70,1±2,1 years (mean Euroscore II, 6,90±5,56%; STS, 6,33±3,94%). Immediate technical success was defined as successful access, delivery, and removal of the device, and adequate placing the clip(s) to reduce the mitral regurgitation to grade 2 or below without the need for device- or procedure-related reintervention.Results. Immediate technical success was achieved in all patients. The average number of implanted clips per 1 patient was 1,7. In 1 patient (6,3%), a clip was attached to one mitral leaflet, which required an non-scheduled implantation of a second clip. In hospital mortality was 6,3%: a 92-year-old patient on the 3rd day after the operation had a sudden cardiac arrest followed by coma, hemispheric ischemic stroke and death on the 6th day. An autopsy revealed an iatrogenic atrial septal defect. Echocardiography performed on the 10th and 30th day after surgery showed a decrease in mitral regurgitation grade in 15 patients, while grade 3 residual mitral regurgitation did not reveal in any patient.Conclusion. Transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip is a minimally invasive method for treating severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation (degenerative and functional). The results demonstrate high immediate efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in high surgical risk patients. Based on the analysis of death causes, the authors conclude that it is necessary to include initial pulmonary hypertension above 75 mm Hg as a relative contraindication to this procedure. The study limitations are the small sample size and short follow-up period.
Coronary flow reserve in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Mochula A. V. , Kop’eva K. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Grakova E. V. , Gulya M. O. , Gusakova А. M. , Zavadovsky K. V. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To study the parameters of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction and evaluate their relationship with the severity of HF.Material and methods. The study included 47 patients (men, 68,7%) aged 65,0 (58,0; 72,0) years with left ventricular ejection fraction of 62 (56; 67)% and coronary artery stenosis <50%. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. MBF and CFR values were assessed using cardiac single photon emission computed tomography.Results. Depending on NT-proBNP levels, the patients were divided into 2 groups (p<0,001): the 1st group included (n=15) patients with NT-proBNP <125 pg/ml (58,2 [41,6; 70,7] pg/ml), while in the 2nd group (n=32) — with NT-proBNP ≥125 pg/ml (511,4 [249,8; 1578,1] pg/ml). The group of patients with high NTproBNP levels was characterized by higher values (by 33,8%, p=0,0001) of resting MBF and reduced CFR (by 14,7%, p=0,001) compared with patients with normal NT-proBNP level: resting MBF — 0,65 (0,44; 0,79) vs 0,43 (0,30; 0,58) ml/min/g; CFR — 2,21 (1,52; 2,83) vs 2,59 (2,47; 3,05), respectively. At the same time, MBF at stress did not differ between the groups. The relationship of NTproBNP levels with global CFR (p=0,012; r=-0,339) and MBF at rest (p=0,012; r=0,322) was established. A stepwise decrease in global CFR was revealed depending on the NYHA class as follows (p<0,001): 2,79 (2,52; 2,93); 1,8 (1,55; 2,08); 1,31 (1,23; 1,49) — for class I, II, and III, respectively.Conclusion. A decrease in CFR in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction indicates impaired myocardial blood supply, which, in this group of patients, is associated with microcirculatory changes. At the same time, the severity of MBF alterations is closely related to HF severity.
Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of routine management of heart failure patients in the Russian Federation. Part II
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Lopatin Yu. M. , Arkhipov M. V. , Galyavich A. S. , Koziolova N. A. , Lozhkina N. G. , Reznik E. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Frolov M. Yu. , Chesnikova A. I. , Chumachek E. V. , Shpagina L. A. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the healthcare system costs for the management of patients with heart failure (HF) based on a retrospective analysis of primary medical documentation.Material and methods. We performed the analysis of outpatient records of 1000 patients, followed up for 1 year by a general practitioner or cardiologist in ambulatory clinic in 7 Russian regions. The assessment of the HF socioeconomic burden was carried out from the perspective of the state. A bottom-up approach was applied to the cost analysis. To calculate the average costs per patient per year, the costs for each patient were calculated, followed by estimation for the entire cohort. Direct costs (medical: outpatient care, inpatient care, drug therapy; nonmedical: disability pensions and temporary disability) and indirect costs (loss of gross domestic product) were estimated.Results. It was shown that the average cost of managing 1 HF patient is RUB 160338 per year. The cost of drug therapy varied significantly depending on the source of funding. So, the total therapy cost was about RUB 90000 per year, while within the drug assistance programs — about RUB 7000 per year. Thus, the proportion of drug therapy in cost pattern per patient from the state’s perspective was only 4,7%, while the maximum costs were for inpatient care (45,5%), stay in intensive care units (16,4%) and disability payments (21,6%). The direct costs for HF therapy, with the exception of drug therapy (examination, inpatient and outpatient treatment), averages RUB 108291 per year. The total direct nonmedical and indirect costs per HF patient per year were about RUB 44519 per year. It should be noted that the rehabilitation costs were not included in the calculation.Conclusion. Taking into account the significant burden of HF on the Russian healthcare system, the growing costs of healthcare and the increase in life expectancy, prevention and treatment of HF should be improved. The development of a HF centers’ network, creating a seamless system of HF care, as well as improving the availability of medication therapy and the inpatient management of patients can improve the healthcare quality for HF patients in Russia.
Hemodynamics at different levels of salt intake in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of different age groups
Authors: Poteshkina N. G. , Krylova N. S. , Maslova M. Y. , Kovalevskaya E. A. , Svanadze A. M. , Selivanova G. B. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the relationship between the level of salt (NaCl) consumption and clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) of different age groups.Material and methods. We examined 57 patients with HCM (mean age, 59,2±16,2 years). The patients were divided into groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO): I — young age (≤44 years old) — 12,4% of patients; II — middle (45-59 years old) — 37,2%; III — elderly (60–74 years old) — 36%; IV — senile (≥75 years old old) — 14,4%. The clinical status of patients was assessed, during which special attention was paid to syncope not related to cardiac arrhythmias. NaCl intake was assessed by the 24-hour urine sodium (Na+) level.Results. In the general cohort, in Na+ level <50 mmol/day, the lowest left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) index was observed, which were associated with syncope (r=-0,9, p=0,03). With the urinary sodium level of 50-70 mmol/day, an increase in LVSV index was observed and the absence of syncope. At Na+ level more than 70 mmol/day, no increase in LVSV index was observed. In this regard, a predictive model was created, as a result of which it was found that with an increase in Na+ consumption by 1 mmol/day, an increase in LVSV index by 0,3 ml/m2 should be expected. There were no significant differences in the effect of NaCl intake on the studied parameters in patients with HCM of different ages. At the same time, low NaCl intake in elderly patients was associated with syncope.Conclusion. Minimal values of Na+ intake (<50 mmol/day or NaCl 3 g/day) were found, which are unfavorable for patients with HCM due to the risk syncope. The 24-hour urine sodium level to maintain a hemodynamically safe level of LVSV index in patients with HCM should be more than 70 mmol/day (NaCl 4,1 g/day). Monitoring of Na+ consumption level is especially important in elderly people with HCM.
Integral assessment of congestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Tolkacheva V. V. , Sarlykov B. K. , Cabello F. E. , Bayarsaikhan M. , Diane M. L. , Safarova A. F. , Vatsik-Gorodetskaya M. V. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the prognostic value of the integral assessment using various modern methods for diagnosing congestion in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).Material and methods. This single-center prospective study included 165 patients with ADHF. All patients underwent a standard clinical and paraclinical examination, including assessing NT-proBNP levels, lung ultrasound B-lines, liver transient elastography, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) at admission and discharge. To assess clinical congestion, the Heart Failure Association consensus document scale was used. Long-term clinical outcomes were assessed by telephone survey 1, 3, 6, 12 months after discharge. As an end point, the allcause mortality and readmissions were estimated.Results. In patients hospitalized with ADHF, at discharge, differences were found in the incidence of residual congestion according to certain paraclinical methods — from 22 to 38%, subclinical — from 14,5 to 27%. When using the integral assessment of stagnation, the incidence of residual and subclinical congestion was 53,6% and 35%, respectively. Patients with residual congestion had more severe symptoms of congestion, compared with those with subclinical congestion. Patients in whom congestion was detected by 4 methods, in contrast to those by 1, 2, and 3 methods, had worse clinical and paraclinical parameters. There was a significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality and readmission in the presence of congestion, identified by 3 (hazard ratio, 9,4 (2,2-40,6); p<0,001) and 4 methods (hazard ratio, 15,2 (3,3-68,1); p<0,001).Conclusion. For patients hospitalized with ADHF, integral assessment of residual and subclinical congestion at should be performed at discharge. The introduction of an integral assessment of congestion into routine practice will allow to identify a group of patients with more unfavorable prognostic characteristics in relation to the risk of death and readmissions, as well as to intensify drug therapy and followup at the outpatient stage.
Comprehensive physical rehabilitation of patients with heart failure: impact on clinical and functional status and analysis of problems related to the enrollment
Authors: Begrambekova Yu. L. , Karanadze N. A. , Plisyuk A. G. , Orlova Ya. A. 
Published: March 2022

Aim. To evaluate functional, clinical and psychological status of patients with class II-III heart failure, who underwent comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program.Material and methods. Patients of both sexes with class II-III heart failure who met the inclusion criteria, did not have the exclusion criteria, and signed informed consent were included. The training process consisted of a 4-week respiratory muscle (RM) training using the THRESHOLD® IMT breathing trainer followed by a 12-week moderate intensity aerobic exercise (AE). AE were conducted under the supervision of an instructor 3 times a week for 40 minutes. RM training was carried out by patients at home on their own 5-7 times a week. Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLwHFQ.23) was used to assess quality of life. In addition, we applied Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The evaluation was performed before the start of the study (visit 1), after 4 weeks of respiratory training (visit 2) and at the end of 16 weeks of AE (visit 3). The baseline characteristics of patients who were screened and not enrolled in the study were compared with those who participated in training.Results. A total of 102 patients were included in the study (passed the first visit). Subsequently, for various reasons, including due to the pandemic, 82 patients refused to participate in the study. Only 20 patients participated in RM training for 4 weeks followed by a 12-week cycle of moderate-intensity AR (median age, 67,0 (58,7-74,3) years; men, 70%; Δ peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) (1-2) =1,1, p=0,3863; ΔVO2 peak (1-3) =2,3 ml/kg/min, p=0,139. During 16-week training, we revealed an increase in expiratory muscle strength (EMS) (ΔEMS =10 cmH2O (p=0,037), six-minute walk test (6MWT) (Δ6MTX=60 meters, p=0,005), and SHOKS score (p=0,0117), as well as improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms (ΔHADS =-2 points, p=0,0346). Patients who refused to be included in the study were older, had lower blood pressure, and had a worse quality of life. The groups did not differ significantly in other clinical, functional and laboratory parameters.Conclusion. Patients’ motivation to exercise was associated with younger age and better subjective health perception and did not depend on objective status. In patients undergoing a comprehensive rehabilitation program, there was a significant change in RM strength, as well as an increase in 6MWT distance, clinical and psychological status already at the stage of respiratory training. This trend continued at the AE stage as well.