bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transfusion strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome and anemia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Nasir Usama , Waheed Tayyab Ali , Ahuja Keerat Rai , Sandhu Charnjeet Singh , Ameen Muhammad , Hope Earl J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Anemia is a known risk factor for ischemic heart disease and serves as an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This meta-analysis pools data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to better define hemoglobin (Hb) thresholds for transfusion in this setting.

Results
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched using the terms “Acute Coronary Syndrome” AND “Blood Transfusion” including their synonyms. A total of three randomized controlled trials were included. Restrictive transfusion strategy (RTS) was defined as transfusing for Hb ≤ 8 g/dl with a post-transfusion goal of 8 to 10 g/dl. Liberal transfusion strategy (LTS) was defined as Hb ≤ 10 g/dl and post-transfusion goal of at least 11 g/dl. The primary end point was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included recurrent ACS events, new or worsening CHF within 30 days, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The primary analytic method used was random effects model. Out of 821 patients, 400 were randomized to LTS, and 421 to RTS. Mean age was 70.3 years in RTS versus 76.4 in LTS. There was no statistically significant difference for 30-day mortality in LTS compared to RTS [odds ratio (OR) 1.69; 95% CI 0.35 to 8.05]. Similarly, there was no difference in MACE (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.21 to 2.63), CHF (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.18 to 3.76), or the incidence of recurrent ACS (OR 1.21; 95% CI 0.49 to 2.95).

Conclusions
In the setting of ACS, there is no difference between LTS and RTS for the outcomes of mortality, MACE, recurrent ACS, or CHF at 30 days. Further evidence in the form of high-quality RCTs are needed to compare RTS and LTS.
Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Ropivacaine Plus Diprospan for Preemptive Scalp Infiltration in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Han Xueye , Ren Tong , Wang Yang , Ji Nan , Luo Fang 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Preemptive injection of local anesthetics can prevent postoperative pain at the incision site, but the analgesic effect is insufficient and is maintained only for a relatively short period of time. Diprospan is a combination of quick-acting betamethasone sodium phosphate and long-acting betamethasone dipropionate. Whether Diprospan as an adjuvant to local anesthetic can achieve postcraniotomy pain relief has not been studied yet.

METHODS:
This is a prospective, single-center, blinded, randomized, controlled clinical study, which included patients ages 18 and 64 years, with American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical statuses of I to III, scheduled for elective supratentorial craniotomy. We screened patients for enrollment from September 3, 2019, to August 15, 2020. The final follow-up was completed on February 15, 2021. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the Diprospan group, who received incision-site infiltration of 0.5% ropivacaine plus Diprospan (n = 48), or the control group, who received 0.5% ropivacaine alone (n = 48), with a distribution ratio of 1:1. Primary outcome was the cumulative sufentanil (μg) consumption through patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) within 48 hours after surgery. Primary analysis was performed based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle.

RESULTS:
Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P > .05). In the Diprospan group, the cumulative sufentanil consumption through PCA was 5 (0–16) µg within 48 hours postoperatively, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (38 [30.5–46] µg; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Infiltration of ropivacaine and Diprospan can achieve satisfactory postoperative pain relief after craniotomy; it is a simple, easy, and safe technique, worth clinical promotion.
Queers against Corrective Development
Authors: Rodriguez S.M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Corrections in the United States most often describes the institution that holds custody of criminalized people, purportedly to reform or reorient them from nonnormative behaviors through isolation, constraint, and force. This article puts forward a more expansive understanding of corrections, so that its applicability extends outside the prison or the jail and into the society imprisoned by similar logics: ones that “correct” deviance through coercive and violent practices. The author joins a queer critique of corrections with one of gentrification, the practice of displacing low-income and racialized people through deregulation of housing policy and unimpeded capitalist “development” of neighborhoods. Through the prism of corrective development, we can witness disposability politics as the convergence of hyper-carceralism, police killings, and social exclusion of those imagined as undesirable. Simultaneously, the state makes an invitation to the gentrifying bodies—the idealized body and being for development—which are white, abled, corporate, and hetero- or homonormative. The analysis centers the work of Safe OUTside the System (SOS), a lesbian, gay, bisexual, two-spirit, trans, and gender-nonconforming people of color collective in Central Brooklyn using abolitionist, anti-violence community organizing to combat the oppressive matrix utilized by gentrifying bodies.
“I Must Become a Menace to My Enemies”
Authors: Dillon Stephen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this essay, the author examines June Jordan's poetic invocations of violence in order to consider their implications for future abolitionist thought. Jordan uses violence in her poetry to envision ways of feeling and being that make the present impossible and unimaginable and thus make possible new ways of knowing. If antiblack, heteropatriarchial violence makes certain forms of thought impossible, then Jordan smashes “a hammer to his head” to open up other ways of knowing the present, past, and future. As she struggles to name the unspeakable violence of patriarchy, white supremacy, imperialism, war, antiblackness, apartheid, and racial capitalism—to reckon with their crushing and pervasive presence throughout the banality of her life and all life—she also imagines a new, unknowable world made possible by black feminist vengeance. The author argues that this turn to violence in Jordan's thinking indexes a black feminist methodology for breaking open alternative forms of thought that exceed the present in all its repetitious, circuitous, and novel forms of capture.
(Trans)gendering Abolition
Authors: Janak Jaden 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlack trans people are made visible within dominant media coverage as spectacularized subjects, often coming into view only on being violated by the state and its actors. Yet and still, Black trans counter-hegemonic conceptions of PIC abolition continue to be created amidst this background of terror. Through a close reading of texts, including Janet Mock's Redefining Realness, Cheryl Dunye's Stranger Inside, Jac Gares's Free CeCe!, and songs by Jay-Marie Hill, this article asserts that these works constitute an intellectual archive of Black trans geographies. These geographies challenge the notion of carcerality by offering abolitionist visions of communal care and connectivity. By understanding the role of art in the proliferation of abolitionist struggle, we can appreciate abolition as a gender struggle and encounter more nuanced depictions of Black trans life.
Angiographic, Cerebral Hemodynamic, and Cognitive Outcomes of Indirect Revascularization Surgery Alone for Adult Patients With Misery Perfusion due to Ischemic Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Kimura Kazuto , Kubo Yoshitaka , Dobashi Kazumasa , Katakura Yasukazu , Chida Kohei , Kobayashi Masakazu , Yoshida Kenji , Fujiwara Shunrou , Terasaki Kazunori , Kawamura Tsuyoshi , Ogasawara Kuniaki 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Revascularization surgery for adult patients with ischemic moyamoya disease (MMD) may improve both cognitive function and cerebral perfusion.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine angiographic, cerebral hemodynamic, and cognitive outcomes of indirect revascularization surgery alone for adult patients with misery perfusion due to ischemic MMD (IDR group) and to test the superiority of indirect revascularization surgery for cognitive improvement by conducting comparisons with historical control patients who had undergone direct revascularization surgery (DR group) through prospective cohort study with historical controls.

METHODS:
Twenty adult patients with cerebral misery perfusion underwent encephalo-duro-myo-arterio-pericranial-synangiosis alone. Cerebral angiography through arterial catheterization, brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography, and neuropsychological testing were performed preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:
In 17 patients of the IDR group, collateral flows that were newly formed after surgery on angiograms fed more than one-third of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) cortical territory. In the IDR group, perfusion in the MCA territory was significantly increased after surgery (P < .0001), and the difference in MCA perfusion between before and after surgery was significantly greater (P = .0493) compared with the DR group. Improved cognition was significantly more frequent in the IDR group (65%) than in the DR group (31%, P = .0233).

CONCLUSION:
Indirect revascularization surgery alone forms sufficient collateral circulation, improves cerebral hemodynamics, and recovers cognitive function in adult patients with misery perfusion due to ischemic MMD. The latter 2 beneficial effects may be higher when compared with patients undergoing direct revascularization surgery.
Wt1 transcription factor impairs cardiomyocyte specification and drives a phenotypic switch from myocardium to epicardium
Authors: Marques Ines J. , Ernst Alexander , Arora Prateek , Vianin Andrej , Hetke Tanja , Sanz-Morejón Andrés , Naumann Uta , Odriozola Adolfo , Langa Xavier , Andrés-Delgado Laura , Zuber Benoît , Torroja Carlos , Osterwalder Marco , Simões Filipa C. , Englert Christoph , Mercader Nadia 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
During development, the heart grows by addition of progenitor cells to the poles of the primordial heart tube. In the zebrafish, Wilms tumor 1 transcription factor a (wt1a) and b (wt1b) genes are expressed in the pericardium, at the venous pole of the heart. From this pericardial layer, the proepicardium emerges. Proepicardial cells are subsequently transferred to the myocardial surface and form the epicardium, covering the myocardium. We found that while wt1a and wt1b expression is maintained in proepicardial cells, it is downregulated in pericardial cells that contribute cardiomyocytes to the developing heart. Sustained wt1b expression in cardiomyocytes reduced chromatin accessibility of specific genomic loci. Strikingly, a subset of wt1a- and wt1b-expressing cardiomyocytes changed their cell-adhesion properties, delaminated from the myocardium and upregulated epicardial gene expression. Thus, wt1a and wt1b act as a break for cardiomyocyte differentiation, and ectopic wt1a and wt1b expression in cardiomyocytes can lead to their transdifferentiation into epicardial-like cells.
Modeling the catarrhal stage of Bordetella pertussis upper respiratory tract infections in mice
Authors: Soumana Illiassou H. , Dewan Kalyan K. , Linz Bodo , Rivera Israel , Ma Longhuan , Howard Laura K. , Caulfield Amanda D. , Sedney Colleen J. , Blas-Machado Uriel , Sebo Peter , Harvill Eric T. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly transmissible human respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, a human-restricted pathogen. Animal models generally involve pneumonic infections induced by depositing large numbers of bacteria in the lungs of mice. These models have informed us about the molecular pathogenesis of pertussis and guided development of vaccines that successfully protect against severe disease. However, they bypass the catarrhal stage of the disease, when bacteria first colonize and initially grow in the upper respiratory tract. This is a critical and highly transmissible stage of the infection that current vaccines do not prevent. Here, we demonstrate a model system in which B. pertussis robustly and persistently infects the nasopharynx of TLR4-deficient mice, inducing localized inflammation, neutrophil recruitment and mucus production as well as persistent shedding and occasional transmission to cage mates. This novel experimental system will allow the study of the contributions of bacterial factors to colonization of and shedding from the nasopharynx, as occurs during the catarrhal stage of pertussis, and interventions that might better control the ongoing circulation of pertussis.
Preoperative prediction of KRAS mutation status in colorectal cancer using a CT-based radiomics nomogram
Authors: Xue Ting , Peng Hui , Chen Qiaoling , Li Manman , Duan Shaofeng , Feng Feng 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to develop a model to predict KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer according to radiomic signatures based on CT and clinical risk factors.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 172 patients with colorectal cancer. All patients were randomized at a 7:3 ratio into a training cohort (n = 121, 38.8% positive for KRAS mutation) and a validation cohort (n = 51, 39.2% positive for KRAS mutation). Radiomics features were extracted from single-slice and full-volume regions of interest on the portal-venous CT images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was adopted to construct a radiomics signature, and logistic regression was applied to select the significant variables to develop the clinical-radiomics model. The predictive performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, calibration curve analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results:
1018 radiomics features were extracted from single-slice and full-volume ROIs. Eight features were retained to construct 2D (two-dimensional, 2D) radiomics model. Similarly, eight features were retained to construct 3D (three-dimensional, 3D) radiomics model. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the test cohort were 0.75 and 0.84, respectively. Delong test showed that the integrated nomogram (AUC = 0.92 in the test cohort) had better clinical predictive efficiency than 2D radiomics (p-value &lt; 0.05) model and 3D radiomics model (p-value &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
The 2D and 3D radiomics models can both predict KRAS mutations. And, the integrated nomogram can be better applied to predict KRAS mutation status in colorectal cancer.

Advances in knowledge:
CT-based radiomics showed satisfactory diagnostic significance for the KRAS status in colorectal cancer, the clinical-combined model may be applied in the individual pre-operative prediction of KRAS mutation.
Accounting for the expansion of the universe using an energy/momentum model to construct the space-time metric
Authors: James Hugh 
Published: March 2022

Background: The success of the theories of special and general relativity in describing localised phenomena, such as objects undergoing high speed motion or located in gravitational fields, needs no further elaboration. However, when applied to the evolution of the universe several problems arise which can require an additional model, e.g., inflation during the early expansion, and adjustments to parameters to account for phenomena such as the late-time acceleration of the universe. Methods: Focusing on the difference between the ways in which space and time are measured, this paper shows that there are two paths which allow the equations of special relativity to be produced from the same basic postulates. Results: While the standard theory assumes a fundamental existence of a coordinate framework which incorporates both space and time, an alternate path is possible which uses an energy/momentum, or dynamic model to derive a new metric equivalent to the standard space-time framework. When utilising the dynamic metric, the relativistic equations are unchanged for local phenomena such as the Lorentz coordinate transformation and the energy/momentum equation for high-velocity objects. Conclusions: However, the derived metric alters the perceived overall structure of the universe in a manner that, for the simplest model under this system, allows the reproduction of observed cosmological features, such as the intrinsic flatness of the universe and the apparent late-time acceleration of its expansion, without the need of additional models or changes in parameter values.
Prevalence and patterns of tobacco and/or nicotine product use in Japan (2017) after the launch of a heated tobacco product (IQOS®): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Afolalu Esther F. , Langer Peter , Fischer Karina , Roulet Steve , Magnani Pierpaolo 
Published: March 2022

Background: Several smoke-free tobacco and/or nicotine-containing products (TNP) have emerged in recent years to support tobacco harm reduction strategies and reduce individual health risks and population harm relative to continued cigarette smoking. This paper describes the nationwide prevalence and patterns of TNP use in Japan following the commercialization of one such smoke-free TNP, the heated tobacco product IQOS® (Philip Morris International). Methods: We analyzed the first annual data (2016–2017) of two repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in a representative sample of the Japanese general adult (≥20 years of age) population (N = 4,878) and a sample of adult IQOS users (N = 2,000). We assessed the prevalence of current TNP use according to type of product (cigarettes, IQOS, e-cigarettes, and other TNPs) in the general population and patterns of TNP use in the IQOS user sample. Results: The prevalence of current use across all TNP in the sampled general population was 18.5% (95% confidence interval 17.2–19.5%), with 17.5% (16.4–18.6%) for cigarette smoking and 1.8% (1.4–2.2%) for IQOS use. Regarding the distribution of patterns of use in the IQOS user survey, the majority (63.4% [61.2–65.6%]) were exclusive users of IQOS, followed by 20.6% (18.7–22.5%) of individuals who reported dual use of IQOS and cigarettes. Conclusions: In Japan, cigarette smoking remains the most prevalent way of consuming TNP; however, IQOS is being adopted by a growing number of adult Japanese smokers. These findings serve as baseline data for monitoring trends over time in the use and adoption of potential smoke-free TNP in Japan.
Sulfiredoxin-1 blood mRNA expression levels negatively correlate with hippocampal atrophy and cognitive decline
Authors: Cucos Catalina Anca , Cracana Ioana , Dobre Maria , Popescu Bogdan Ovidiu , Tudose Catalina , Spiru Luiza , Manda Gina , Niculescu Gabriela , Milanesi Elena 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Cognitive decline, correlating with hippocampal atrophy, characterizes several neurodegenerative disorders having a background of low-level chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we examined how cognitive decline and hippocampal subfields volume are associated with the expression of redox and inflammatory genes in peripheral blood. We analyzed 34 individuals with different cognitive scores according to Mini-Mental State Examination, corrected by age and education (adjMMSE). We identified a group presenting cognitive decline (CD) with adjMMSE<27 (n=14) and a normal cognition (NC) group with adjMMSE≥27 (n=20). A multiparametric approach, comprising structural magnetic resonance imaging measurement of different hippocampal segments and blood mRNA expression of redox and inflammatory genes was applied. Results: Our findings indicate that hippocampal segment volumes correlate positively with adjMMSE and negatively with the blood transcript levels of 19 genes, mostly redox genes correlating especially with the left subiculum and presubiculum. A strong negative correlation between hippocampal subfields atrophy and Sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) redox gene was emphasized. Conclusions: Concluding, these results suggest that SRXN1 might be a valuable candidate blood biomarker for non-invasively monitoring the evolution of hippocampal atrophy in CD patients.
MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Authors: Shichiyakh Rustem A. , Sycheva Irina N. , Chernykh Inna N. , Lebedeva Ekaterina S. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose. In the article, it is a marketing strategy for the sustainable development of agricultural enterprises at the regional level that has been developed based on the strategic analysis of animal husbandry.
Materials and methods. The analytical part covers the development of animal husbandry in Russia and abroad as well as the assessment of the state support of the industry at the regional level. Segmentation of the market of the maral breeding complex products was carried out. It should be noted that this paper is the first to have covered the segmentation of the maral breeding complex market of the Altai Republic. Also, a regional marketing strategy for the development of the industry has been designed.
Results. The essence of strategic marketing as a new form of regional economy management has been studied. The necessity of using strategic marketing tools for adapting agro-industrial enterprises to the current market requirements has been substantiated. The role of agromarketing in the development of agriculture is shown. Marketing communications have been determined as one of the tools for the development of animal husbandry.
Conclusion. The article considers regional factors that determine the animal husbandry development in the region. A marketing strategy has been formulated for the sustainable development of the maral breeding complex of the Altai Republic, being applicable to other regions where velvet antler maral breeding plays a significant role in the regional economy.
PRIMARY DISABILITY OF THE ADULT POPULATION DUE TO DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Authors: Puzin Sergey N. , Yakovlev Alexey A. , Lyalina Inna V. , Shurgaya Marina A. , Sharikadze Denis T. 
Published: March 2022

Background. Diseases of the circulatory system continue to hold a leading position as a cause of morbidity in the population. Emerging сomplications of diseases of the circulatory system are associated with persistent impairment of health and of Work capacity which is the basis for determining disability.
Purpose. An in-depth analysis of primary disability indicators in the adult population of Moscow due to diseases of the circulatory system.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was “Information on the medical and social examination of persons aged 18 and over” (form 7-social security 2013-2019). Research methods: documentary, copy of the data, statistical and graphic. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10 and SAS JMP 11 software package.
Results. In the nosological structure of primary disability of the adult population of Moscow due to diseases of the CVD, the first ranking place was taken by peaple who were newly recognized as disabled (PNRD) due to cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), the second – PNRD due to coronary heart disease, the third – PNRD due to “Other diseases of the circulatory system“. Men PNRD and elderly PNRD prevailed in the age-sex structure of primary disability. The greatest differences between nosological contingents were revealed in terms of the proportion of various types of activity limitations of the third degree, which predominantly took place among PNRD due to CVD. The prevailing group of disability was III group.
Conclusion. The revealed features of the dynamics and structure of disability due to diseases of the circulatory system are advisable to use when planning measures to improve the effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation of disabled people due to this socially significant pathology.