bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial–temporal distribution of total organic carbon and its transportation in the Jiulong River Estuary
Authors: Wang Cui , Ding Yi , Guo Zhouhua , Lin Hui , Wu Junwen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpatial and temporal distributions of total organic carbon (TOC) in the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE) were determined using data collected during three cruises in summer 2010, autumn 2010, and spring 2011. The TOC concentration influencing factors were identified, and the export fluxes were calculated. TOC concentration ranges were 0.73–4.17 mg/L in summer, 0.90–5.32 mg/L in autumn, and 1.78–8.03 mg/L in spring, respectively. TOC concentrations of the surface water and nearshore area were higher than those of the bottom water and offshore area, respectively, and the maximum TOC content occurred in the JRE upper reaches. The TOC concentration decreased with increasing salinity and exhibited a significant positive correlation with petroleum and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), indicating the influence of terrestrial input. A weak relationship between TOC and chlorophyll-a indicated that phytoplankton was not the dominant source of TOC. TOC fluxes discharged into the JRE were 50.39 × 103 t/a in 2010 and 46.08 × 103 t/a in 2011, and those transported into the sea were 38.46 × 103 t/a in 2010 and 33.66 × 103 t/a in 2011, respectively, accounting for approximately 75% of the total estuary fluxes. This study elucidates the biogeochemical processes of estuarine organic carbon and provides a quantitative basis for the land–sea integration of carbon dioxide emission reduction and sink increase projects.
An analysis of the dynamic spatial spread of COVID-19 across South Korea
Authors: Kang Dayun , Choi Jungsoon , Kim Yeonju , Kwon Donghyok 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South Korea was confirmed on January 20, 2020, approximately three weeks after the report of the first COVID-19 case in Wuhan, China. By September 15, 2021, the number of cases in South Korea had increased to 277,989. Thus, it is important to better understand geographical transmission and design effective local-level pandemic plans across the country over the long term. We conducted a spatiotemporal analysis of weekly COVID-19 cases in South Korea from February 1, 2020, to May 30, 2021, in each administrative region. For the spatial domain, we first covered the entire country and then focused on metropolitan areas, including Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. Moran’s I and spatial scan statistics were used for spatial analysis. The temporal variation and dynamics of COVID-19 cases were investigated with various statistical visualization methods. We found time-varying clusters of COVID-19 in South Korea using a range of statistical methods. In the early stage, the spatial hotspots were focused in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Then, metropolitan areas were detected as hotspots in December 2020. In our study, we conducted a time-varying spatial analysis of COVID-19 across the entirety of South Korea over a long-term period and found a powerful approach to demonstrating the current dynamics of spatial clustering and understanding the dynamic effects of policies on COVID-19 across South Korea. Additionally, the proposed spatiotemporal methods are very useful for understanding the spatial dynamics of COVID-19 in South Korea.
Application of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated Waterlase-assisted photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral leukoplakia
Authors: Ou Jiali , Gao Yijun , Li Huan , Ling Tianyou , Xie Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative microinvasive approach with satisfying results in the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OL). PDT combined with laser irradiation shows promise, safety and efficacy in treating OL. The efficacy of waterlase (YSGG) combined with PDT was studied by brush and tissue biopsy. Seventy-one patients with histologically diagnosed OL were enrolled, including patients with mild to moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia and various dysplastic tissues. Patients were evaluated at baseline (t0), the end of treatment (t1) and 1 year later (t2). At t1, PDT showed a significant therapeutic effect on OL with mild to moderate dysplasia. Clinical and histological examinations revealed 60 cases (84.51%) of complete remission and 11 cases (15.49%) of partial remission. On brush biopsy, all PDT-treated patients showed reduced aneuploidy and normal histological findings. Unfortunately, at t2, 9 patients relapsed with OL, which may be related to continued smoking and betel nut chewing. At t2, 5 patients developed new severe epithelial dysplasia and even carcinoma in situ in other areas, mostly the tongue. ALA-mediated PDT combined with YSGG is effective in treating OL, particularly that with mild to moderate dysplasia. However, severe dysplasia may present undesirable effects, and the mechanism remains to be further investigated. ALA-mediated PDT combined with YSGG provides a new method for OL treatment.
A cocktail of human monoclonal antibodies broadly neutralizes North American rabies virus variants as a promising candidate for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Ejemel Monir , Smith Todd G. , Greenberg Lauren , Carson William C. , Lowe David , Yang Yong , Jackson Felix R. , Morgan Clint N. , Martin Brock E. , Kling Chantal , Hutson Christina L. , Gallardo-Romero Nadia , Ellison James A. , Moore Susan , Buzby Adam , Sullivan-Bolyai John , Klempner Mark , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman rabies remains a globally significant public health problem. Replacement of polyclonal anti-rabies immunoglobulin (RIG), a passive component of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), with a monoclonal antibody (MAb), would eliminate the cost and availability constraints associated with RIG. Our team has developed and licensed a human monoclonal antibody RAB1 (Rabishield©), as the replacement for RIG where canine rabies is enzootic. However, for the highly diverse rabies viruses of North America, a cocktail containing two or more MAbs targeting different antigenic sites of the rabies glycoprotein should be included to ensure neutralization of all variants of the virus. In this study, two MAb cocktails, R172 (RAB1-RAB2) and R173 (RAB1-CR57), were identified and evaluated against a broad range of rabies variants from North America. R173 was found to be the most potent cocktail, as it neutralized all the tested North American RABV isolates and demonstrated broad coverage of isolates from both terrestrial and bat species. R173 could be a promising candidate as an alternative or replacement for RIG PEP in North America.
An approach to cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 through protein–protein interaction and enrichment analysis
Authors: Ortega-Bernal Daniel , Zarate Selene , Martinez-Cárdenas Maria de los Ángeles , Bojalil Rafael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCOVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a primarily pulmonary disease that can affect several organs, directly or indirectly. To date, there are many questions about the different pathological mechanisms. Here, we generate an approach to identify the cellular-level tropism of SARS-CoV-2 using human proteomics, virus-host interactions, and enrichment analysis. Through a network-based approach, the molecular context was visualized and analyzed. This procedure was also performed for SARS-CoV-1. We obtained proteomes and interactomes from 145 different cells corresponding to 57 different tissues. We discarded the cells without the proteins known for interacting with the virus, such as ACE2 or TMPRSS2. Of the remaining cells, a gradient of susceptibility to infection was observed. In addition, we identified proteins associated with the coagulation cascade that can be directly or indirectly affected by viral proteins. As a whole we identified 55 cells that could be potentially controlled by the virus, with different susceptibilities, mainly being pneumocytes, heart, kidney, liver, or small intestine cells. These results help to explain the molecular context and provide elements for possible treatments in the current situation. This strategy may be useful for other viruses, especially those with limited reported PPI, such as a new virus.
Oncofetal proteins and cancer stem cells
Authors: Yan Qian , Fang Xiaona , Li Chenxi , Lan Ping , Guan Xinyuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as a small population of cells with stem-like properties within the tumor bulk, and are largely responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis, and therapy resistance. CSCs share critical features with embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The pluripotent transcription factors (TFs) and developmental signaling pathways of ESCs are invariably hijacked by CSCs termed ‘oncofetal drivers’ in many cancers, which are rarely detectable in adult tissues. The unique expression pattern makes oncofetal proteins ideal therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Therefore, elucidation of oncofetal drivers in cancers is critical for the development of effective CSCs-directed therapy. In this review, we summarize the common pluripotent TFs such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, MYC, SALL4, and FOXM1, as well as the development signaling including Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog (Hh), Hippo, Notch, and TGF-β pathways of ESCs and CSCs. We also describe the newly identified oncofetal proteins that drive the self-renewal, plasticity, and therapy-resistance of CSCs. Finally, we explore how the clinical implementation of targeting oncofetal drivers, including small-molecule inhibitors, vaccines, antibodies, and CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T cell) can facilitate the development of CSCs-directed therapy.
Conceptualizations of the Articulation of Rhotic Sounds in American English and the Role of Clinical Experience in Their Formation
Authors: Diekhoff Megan R. , Lulich Steven M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:This study investigates how speech-language pathology student clinicians describe rhotic articulation in comparison with their actual productions as determined by ultrasound recordings. Observations about how student-clinician descriptions and cueing preferences differ in comparison with those of clinical educators are explored.Method:Fifteen student clinicians (seven with experience teaching /ɹ/) and seven clinical educators from Indiana University participated in the study. Data were collected from student clinicians in two separate interviews and one ultrasound recording session. Clinical educators participated in a single interview without ultrasound recordings. Verbal descriptions, drawings, and ultrasound recordings of tongue shapes were analyzed following grounded theory and coded as “bunched” or “retroflex.” Following data analysis, two focus groups of four clinicians were held to ensure the quality of interpreted data.Results:In comparison with student clinicians with experience teaching /ɹ/, student clinicians without experience teaching /ɹ/ gave self-descriptions of rhotic productions that were often inconsistent and did not always match the ultrasound data of their speech. Clinical educators placed greater emphasis on tongue grooving than did student clinicians. Experience across groups did not predict whether a clinician would prefer to cue a particular tongue shape to a client, but the rationale behind individual preferences was explored.Conclusions:Results indicate that student clinicians may not be able to rely on self-perception of articulation alone to inform their understanding of rhotic production. Student clinicians may benefit from direct instruction about a continuum of rhotic tongue shapes and enhanced knowledge of tongue grooving prior to selecting cues to use in therapy.
A cloud Bayesian network approach to situation assessment of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft
Authors: Sun Yongqin , Ma Peibei , Dai Jinjin , Li Dongxin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe battlefield situation changes rapidly because underwater targets' are concealment and the sea environment is uncertain. So, a great number of situation information greatly increase, which need to be dealt with in the course of scouting underwater targets. Situation assessment in sea battlefield with a lot of uncertain information is studied, and a new situation assessment method of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft is proposed based on the cloud Bayesian network, which overcomes the deficiency of the single cloud model in reasoning ability and the defect of Bayesian network in knowledge representation. Moreover, in the method, the cloud model knowledge deal with the input data of Bayesian network reasoning, and the advantages in knowledge representation of cloud theory and reasoning of Bayesian network are applied; also, the fuzziness and stochasticity of cloud theory in knowledge expression, the reasoning ability of Bayesian network, are combined. Then, the situation assessment model of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft is established. Hence, the directed acyclic graph of Bayesian network structure is constructed and the assessment index is determined. Next, the cloud model is used to deal with Bayesian network, and the discrete Bayesian network is obtained. Moreover, after CPT of each node and the transformation between certainty degree and probability are accomplished; the final situation level is obtained through a probability synthesis formula. Therefore, the target type and the operational intention of the other side are deduced to form the battlefield situation. Finally, simulations are carried out, and the rationality and validity of the proposed method are testified by simulation results. By this method, the battlefield situation can be gained. And this method has a wider application range, especially for large sample data processing, and it has better practicability.
Resilience, criticality and operating limits of a MALT 30 kV 4‐wire electrical distribution network without conformity of the medium voltage neutral
Authors: Barboura Mohamed , Bouras Adam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present article highlights the atypical power grid resilience of the northernmost point of the African countries against repeated acts of vandalism on its MV distribution lines. To counter this threat, the present article reports a comparison between a 3‐wire and 4‐wire MV power grid in the event of a single‐phase or three‐phase short‐circuits. The evolution of the voltage of the healthy phases during a single‐phase fault and the impact on the power supply signal are mathematically studied. The study shows that an adequate resizing of the protection devices is sufficient to operate the MALT system in complete safety without its neutral wire. Thus, by allowing saving copper wire, this finding is actually a turning point in the implementation of the malt system. To better contextualize this result, which was actually initicated by an unpleasant experience, the article begins with a historical assessment of the 30 kV 4‐wire MALT electrical distribution systems and a technical calibration of its specificities in relation to the two conventional practices of standard IEC 60038.
Robust fast PMU measurement recovery enhanced by randomized singular value and sequential Tucker decomposition
Authors: Pei Jianhua , Wang Ziyu , Wang Jingyu , Shi Dongyuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of cyber‐physical power systems raises concerns about the data quality issue of phasor measurement units (PMUs). Low signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) and data losses caused by malicious electromagnetic interference, false data injections, and equipment malfunctioning may jeopardize the data integrity and availability necessary for power system monitoring, protection, and control. To ensure grid resiliency, this paper proposes a robust fast PMU measurement recovery (RFMR) algorithm based on improved singular spectrum analysis (SSA) of Hankel structures. It utilizes single or multiple channels of PMU time‐series to restore the problematic phasor measurements with low‐SNR noises and data losses. Additionally, the traditional singular value decomposition (SVD) and Tucker decomposition (TD) in RFMR are replaced by randomized SVD (RSVD) and sequential TD (STD) to reduce the computational complexity in single‐channel and multi‐channel RFMR, respectively. Numerical case studies demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can recover the noise‐contaminated measurements with higher accuracy than existing methods, such as matrix/tensor decomposition approaches and robust principal component analysis (RPCA), and effectively complement the missing data with the observed measurements corrupted by low SNRs. Moreover, the latency margins of various power system synchrophasor application scenarios can be satisfied with the reduced computational complexity.
11 Level boost inverter topology with dual‐source configuration
Authors: Siddique Marif Daula , Wasiq Mohammad , Iqbal Atif , Mekhilef Saad , Wahyudie Addy , Rawa Muhyaddin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the advancement of the application of power converters in the power industry, the research towards the prominent power converter namely multilevel inverter has gained a lot of attraction. Here, a dual‐source configured 11 level inverter topology is being discussed, which uses nine power semiconductor devices and one capacitor. The proposed topology is able to charge the capacitor up to 2Vdc which provides the boosting feature with the voltage gain of 1.67. An extended comparison with several other topologies has been provided which highlights the major contribution of the work. A low‐power laboratory prototype has been used for the validation of the proposed 11 level topology. Further, a thorough assessment of comparable topologies has been conferred in detail.
Neue Ansätze zur Früherkennung von Vorhofflimmern
Authors: Ohlrogge Amelie H. , Goette Andreas , Schotten Uli , Schnabel Renate B. 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGVorhofflimmern (VHF) ist mit dem Auftreten von ischämischen Schlaganfällen assoziiert. Orale Antikoagulation kann das Auftreten von Schlaganfällen verhindern. Das Screening auf ein bislang nicht entdecktes VHF erscheint daher ein vielversprechender Ansatz, um das Auftreten von Schlaganfällen zu verhindern. Neben zahlreichen anderen wissenschaftlichen Studien liegen seit August 2021 die Ergebnisse von 2 Studien mit klinischen Endpunkten vor, die STROKESTOP- und die LOOP-Studie. Weitere wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu dieser Fragestellung befinden sich in der Durchführung.
Konsumutensilienvergabe in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Befragung
von Einrichtungen der Drogenhilfe und Suchttherapie zur Ausgabe von Utensilien
zum sicheren Drogenkonsum 2018
Authors: Zimmermann Ruth , Krings Amrei , Schneider Franziska , Schäffer Dirk , Neumeier Esther 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Deutschland hat sich dem globalen Public Health-Ziel der
Virushepatitis-Eliminierung bis 2030 verschrieben. Maßnahmen der
Schadensminimierung bei Drogengebrauchenden sind ein zentraler Baustein, um die
Übertragung von HIV, Hepatitis B und C zu verringern. Es fehlte ein
aktueller Überblick für Deutschland über Anzahl und
Verteilung Konsumutensilien-ausgebender Einrichtungen, sowie welche und wie
viele Konsumutensilien jährlich ausgegeben werden. Beide Fragen sollten
mit dem Projekt für 2018 beantwortet werden. Außerdem sollte
geschätzt werden, ob die Zielvorgaben der WHO bis 2020 von
jährlich 200 ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln je Person erreicht
werden.
Methodik Konsumutensilien-ausgebende Einrichtungen wurden mittels der
Datenbank der Deutschen Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen, online
verfügbarer Auflistungen von Spritzenautomaten und
Drogenkonsumräumen sowie durch Projektpartner identifiziert. Ausgebende
Einrichtungen beantworteten einen Fragebogen zur Art und Anzahl der ausgegebenen
Utensilien, Anzahl der versorgten Personen und Budget. Die Anzahl ausgegebener
Konsumutensilien und versorgter Personen wurden deskriptiv analysiert. Die
mittlere Anzahl in 2018 ausgegebener Spritzen/Nadeln pro
OpioidkonsumentIn wurde je Bundesland ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 2.158 potenziell ausgebende Einrichtungen
recherchiert, von denen 475 (22%) antworteten und die Ausgabe von
Konsumutensilien bestätigten. Diese entfielen auf 280
Träger/Einrichtungen, von denen 155 (55%) den Fragebogen
zur Art und Anzahl ausgegebener Utensilien beantworteten. Die geographische
Abdeckung war sehr heterogen. Im Durchschnitt wurden 2018 119 Spritzen und 156
Nadeln pro Person ausgegeben. Jeweils 17 bzw. 19 der kreisfreien Städte
oder Landkreise mit Angaben erreichten das WHO-Ziel für 2020 von 200
ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln pro Person. Niedrigschwellige Einrichtungen
und Drogenkonsumräume spielen eine Schlüsselrolle bei der
Konsumutensilien-Vergabe. Mehr als ein Drittel der Einrichtungen gaben an, dass
das Budget für eine bedarfsgerechte Versorgung nicht ausgereicht
habe.
Schlussfolgerung Die erhobenen Daten können als erstmalige
Orientierung für die bundesweite Versorgungslage dienen. Nur in wenigen
Gebieten wurde 2018 das für 2020 gesetzte Ziel der WHO von 200
ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln pro Person erreicht. Eine Steigerung der
Konsumutensilienausgabe und Versorgung auch in strukturschwachen Regionen ist zu
empfehlen, um die Ziele der Hepatitis-Eliminierungsstrategie nicht zu
gefährden. Eine neue Erhebungswelle ist für 2022 geplant.
Injektionstechniken am ISG bei axialer Spondylarthritis als Ergänzung zur manuellen Therapie
Authors: Schneider Markus 
Published: June 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm vorliegenden Artikel soll die Entwicklung, Technik und Indikation verschiedener Injektionsmethoden am ISG intra- und extraartikulär aufgezeigt werden. Auf verschiedene Techniken und Zielorte sowie auf die aktuelle Literatur wird eingegangen unter Berücksichtigung der Diagnose einer Spondarthropathie. Beziehungen zur manuellen Therapie werden aufgezeigt.
Lust auf Lust – Frauen und Sexualität
Authors: Martin Beate 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungIn ihrer Arbeit als Sexualberaterin und Sexualpädagogin stellt die Autorin seit 40 Jahren keine grundlegenden Veränderungen fest. Noch immer stehen Mädchen* und Frauen* vor der Herausforderung, ihren Körper kennen und lieben zu lernen und ihre sexuellen Wünsche zu erkennen und auszudrücken. In der heutigen Mediengesellschaft ist das teils leichter, teils aber auch schwieriger geworden. Mut braucht es seit eh und je – und auch ein Verständnis dafür, dass das Sexuelle politisch ist.
Selbstbefriedigung wertschätzen!
Authors: Schönherr Marcus 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungIn seiner Arbeit als Paartherapeut mit meist heterosexuellen Paaren unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen wird der Autor immer wieder mit sexuellen Problemen konfrontiert. Oft geht es dabei um die geringere Lust oder Unlust der einen Seite und den damit verbundenen Frust auf der anderen Seite. Um nicht in einer unglücklichen Dynamik von Erwartung und Zurückweisung stecken zu bleiben und neue Türen zu öffnen, plädiert der Autor für eine neue Wertschätzung der Selbstbefriedigung.