bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐design with aboriginal and torres strait islander communities: A journey
Authors: Tamwoy Nathaniel , Rosas Sylvia , Davis Scott , Farthing Annie , Houghton Caitlin , Johnston Hannah , Maloney Catherine , Samulkiewicz Nicole , Seaton Jack , Tuxworth Gemma , Bat Melodie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis paper explores the principles of co‐design with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities by reflecting on the literature, learning from experiences of allied health professionals, and considering how co‐design can be applied in rural and remote allied health practice.ContextThis paper has been authored by a working group from Services for Rural and Remote Allied Health (SARRAH). SARRAH is a member‐based allied health organisation, working to improve health outcomes for rural and remote Australians. SARRAH has been representing and supporting allied health professionals in rural and remote Australia for over 20 years, with a member base that includes students, practitioners, programme managers, policy makers and academics. As a non‐Indigenous organisation, SARRAH works in partnership and receives guidance from the peak organisation, Indigenous Allied Health Australia (IAHA).ApproachOver a period of 3 months, a group of eleven SARRAH members and staff came together to review available literature, seek member perspectives and share their experiences and understandings of co‐design. Working group discussions were grounded in the knowledge and experiences shared by two Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander group members.ConclusionThis paper proposes that successful co‐design with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities places legitimate value on different knowledge systems, is built on strong and trusting relationships, promotes inclusive involvement and requires authentic partnerships. Using these principles, SARRAH will engage with members and stakeholders to influence meaningful change in allied health practice in rural and remote Australia.
Examining nonadherence in the treatment of tuberculosis: The patterns that lead to failure
Authors: Fox William S. , Strydom Natasha , Imperial Marjorie Z. , Jarlsberg Leah , Savic Radojka M. 
Published: August 2022

AimsAdherence has been shown to be a major predictor of tuberculosis treatment failure and relapse. The current adherence metrics can be improved to provide higher resolution of adherence patterns and identify patients in need of alternative treatment interventions. We investigated how adherence patterns affect treatment outcomes, when adherence is likely to decrease during treatment and which patients are at risk of being nonadherent.MethodsIndividual‐level data were pooled from 3 clinical trials (n = 3724) for treatment of drug susceptible tuberculosis where monthly or weekly adherence patterns were collected and adherence patterns were quantified to assess the impact of clustered missed doses vs. randomly missed doses on tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Significance was determined through univariate and multivariate cox regression models.ResultsPatients who miss doses in clusters have an increased hazard risk for unfavourable outcomes and missing as little as 4 treatment days in 1 month resulted in 61% higher risk of unfavourable outcomes compared to patients who missed no treatment days (P < .01). Patients older than 50 years, and patients who experienced an adverse event were associated with lower adherence.ConclusionOur results show that the pattern in which patients miss their drugs is important to their overall outcomes and missing treatment days in clusters rather than randomly increases the risk of poor outcomes. In the future more intensive and longitudinal adherence measurements will be valuable for clinical trials and regimen design and interpretation.
An allopurinol adherence tool using plasma oxypurinol concentrations
Authors: Smith‐Diaz Natalia , Stocker Sophie L. , Stamp Lisa K. , Dalbeth Nicola , Phipps‐Green Amanda J. , Merriman Tony R. , Wright Daniel F. B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to develop and evaluate an allopurinol adherence tool based on steady‐state oxypurinol plasma concentrations, allopurinol's active metabolite.MethodsPlasma oxypurinol concentrations were simulated stochastically from an oxypurinol pharmacokinetic model for allopurinol doses of 100‐800 mg daily, accounting for differences in renal function, diuretic use and ethnicity. For each scenario, the 20th percentile for peak and trough concentrations defined the adherence threshold, below which imperfect adherence was assumed. Predictive performance was evaluated using both simulated low adherence and against data from 146 individuals with paired oxypurinol plasma concentrations and adherence measures. Sensitivity and specificity (S&S), negative and positive predictive values (NPV, PPV) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) were determined. The predictive performance of the tool was evaluated using adherence data from an external study (CKD‐FIX).ResultsThe allopurinol adherence tool produced S&S values for trough thresholds of 89‐98% and 76‐84%, respectively, and 90%‐98% and 76‐83% for peak thresholds. PPV and NPV were 79‐84% and 88‐94%, respectively, for trough and 80‐85% and 89‐98%, respectively, for peak concentrations. The ROC AUC values ranged from 0.84 to 0.88 and from 0.86 to 0.89 for trough and peak concentrations, respectively. S&S values for the external evaluation were found to be 75.8% and 86.5%, respectively, producing an ROC AUC of 0.8113.ConclusionA tool to identify people with gout who require additional support to maintain adherence using plasma oxypurinol concentrations was developed and evaluated. The predictive performance of the tool is suitable for adherence screening in clinical trials and may have utility in some clinical practice settings.
Current and future living arrangements: The perspective of young adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Cahill Ciara , Guerin Suzanne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe transition from adolescence to adulthood typically involves exploring living options. However, there is very little research focusing specifically on the views of young adults with intellectual disabilities on this topic. This article contributes to this topic by exploring the views of Irish young adults with intellectual disabilities regarding their current and future living arrangements.MethodsTen participants (18–23 years; four males), living in their family home, were recruited through a disability services provider in Dublin. Semistructured interviews were conducted, and data analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsParticipants were positive about their current living situation, especially in terms of the people they live with, and the personalised nature of their home. In terms of future living, participants displayed a general openness to move out, although half of the participants would prefer to remain in their current living situation. Participants indicated a preference for living with familiar and compatible company. Participants highlighted their knowledge of rights and responsibilities, as well as their understanding of the value of daily living skills, and the costs involved with living. Participants unanimously expressed a desire to be the primary decision maker regarding their future living situation. Supports in both daily living and significant decision‐making were discussed.ConclusionsThis study provides an important insight into the views of these young adults and can assist in filling the gap in current literature regarding this population's views of their current and future living arrangements.
Long‐COVID in people with intellectual disabilities: A call for research of a neglected area
Authors: Rawlings Gregg H. , Beail Nigel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong‐COVID (also known as post‐coronavirus‐19 syndrome) is a term used to describe symptoms that people experience following their recovery from the COVID‐19 virus. The severity of long‐COVID is well recognised, with healthcare providers commissioning services to diagnose and treat those affected, as well as funded research into the condition.MethodsWe performed a systematic search for relevant articles but were unable to find any research on long‐COVID in people with intellectual disabilities. Due to the lack of data, we have only been able to make extrapolations from what is known about the condition within the general population.FindingsWe provide an overview of long‐COVID and its potential relevance to people with an intellectual disability. We have focused specifically on symptoms or signs, prevalence, risk factors and treatments of the condition in this group, highlighting areas for clinical practice and future research from a psychosocial perspective. We raise serious questions about our current understanding and the availability of the evidence‐based to inform treatments tailored towards this population.ConclusionThis is the first report that we are aware of on the topic of long‐COVID in people with an intellectual disability. The lack of research is preventing us from gaining a greater understanding of how the condition impacts people with an intellectual disability.
‘It will open your world up’: The role of mobile technology in promoting social inclusion among adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Danker Joanne , Strnadová Iva , Tso Michelle , Loblinzk Julie , Cumming Therese M. , Martin Andrew J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile there has been a strong national and international emphasis on social inclusion over the past 15 years, many people with intellectual disabilities remain socially isolated in their communities. Mobile technology has the potential to support social inclusion and there is great interest among adults with intellectual disabilities in using technologies such as computers, smartphones, tablets and the internet. This study aimed to investigate the use of mobile technology by people with intellectual disabilities, and its capacity to improve their social inclusion.MethodsData were collected using individual interview, group interviews or interviews using Photovoice with 32 adults with intellectual disabilities and analysed using inductive content analysis.FindingsFindings indicated that adults with intellectual disabilities use various mobile technology and apps for multiple purposes, including social activities, work, support, productivity, navigation and entertainment. Enabling inclusion, increasing convenience and accessibility were viewed as advantages of mobile technology, while disadvantages were related to social issues and dangers resulting from the use of mobile technology and the practical limitations and ubiquitous nature of mobile technology. Barriers to using mobile technology included having limited access to the technology itself in certain contexts and difficulties with its use. Receiving support from others and awareness of safety measures enabled the use of mobile technology among the participants. To facilitate the use of mobile technology among people with intellectual disabilities, there needs to be greater education about this and other technologies including their features, design and apps. Importantly, people with intellectual disabilities need to be involved in the design of apps.ConclusionsTo fully harness the potential of using mobile technology for the purpose of developing social relationships and sense of belonging in the community, people with intellectual disabilities should be supported in developing an awareness of the limitations of mobile technology and practicing appropriate safety measures.
Effects of universal oral healthcare coverage in an adult population: A long‐term nationwide natural experiment
Authors: Raittio Eero , Suominen Anna Liisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesA large and long‐term natural experiment occurred in Finland from the late 1980s–2000, when adults' entitlement to subsidized oral healthcare was strongly dependent on the arbitrary classification based on their year of birth: people born in 1956 or later were entitled to subsidized care, while people born before 1956 were not. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of this expanded universal oral healthcare coverage on service use and oral health outcomes.MethodsData from annual nationally representative cross‐sectional postal surveys among 15–64‐year‐olds between 1990 and 2014 were used. For this study, the following outcome variables were formed: experiencing toothache during the past month (yes/no), the number of missing teeth with three different thresholds (over 10, over 5 or at least 1 missing tooth), brushing more than once a day and the number of visits to the dentist. Regression discontinuity plots and bias‐corrected local polynomial regression discontinuity estimators measuring the effect of the extended universal coverage on the outcomes at the year‐of‐birth cut‐off of 1956 were generated separately from the data from 1990 to 2000 and from 2002 to 2014.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2000, the number of visits to the dentist (0.2 visits, 95% CI, confidence intervals: −0.03; 0.43) and the proportion of those who visited the dentist during the past 12 months (4.2%, 95% CI: 0.1%; 8.3%) increased at the year‐of‐birth cut‐off of 1956. There were minor drops (1.5%–1.9%) in the number of missing teeth across all thresholds (over 10, over 5, or at least 1 missing teeth) at the cut‐off. Analyses with the data from the surveys from 2002 to 2014 showed that there were no discontinuities in these outcomes at the cut‐off of 1956. Regression discontinuity estimates related to toothache experience and toothbrushing frequency were inconclusive due to high variability in the underlying data and the likely small effect of the more universal coverage on these outcomes.ConclusionsThe current study provided evidence of the beneficial effects of universal oral healthcare coverage on the oral healthcare service use and teeth preservation from a large and long‐term natural experiment occurred in Finland from the late 1980s to 2000.
Willingness to pay for multiple dimensions of green open space: Applying a spatial hedonic approach
Authors: Hu Ziwei , Kobori Hotaka , Swallow Brent , Qiu Feng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo optimize land conservation strategies with limited resources, it is necessary to understand people's preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for green open space. The hedonic pricing method (HPM) is widely used. However, the conventional HPM assumes no value spillovers between neighbouring properties. Here we adopt a spatial regression approach that allows us to relax the no‐spillover assumption. Through an analysis of access to different types, intensity and developability of open green space on house prices in the City of Edmonton, Canada, we illustrate how spatial HPM can be used to quantify direct and spillover values of different dimensions of open green space. We find that WTP for open space has significant spillover effects, ignoring such spillovers would under‐estimate the total value of open space protection and thus the socially optimal amount of land conservation. All else equal, people are willing to pay most for houses that are close to non‐developable green open space and woodlands. The highest price premiums are for woodlands and non‐developable green open space, followed by living near the University of Alberta farm. On the contrary, people need small compensation to live near large commercial farms. The results suggest a NIMBY attitude toward preservation of commercial agriculture.
Patient‐ and physician‐reported radiation‐induced toxicity of short‐course radiotherapy with a prolonged interval to surgery for rectal cancer
Authors: Verweij Maaike E. , Hoendervangers Sieske , von Hebel Charlotte M. , Pronk Apollo , Schiphorst Anandi H. W. , Consten Esther C. J. , Smits Anke B. , Heikens Joost T. , Verdaasdonk Emiel G. G. , Rozema Tom , Verkooijen Helena M. , van Grevenstein Wilhelmina M. U. , Intven Martijn P. W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimA prolonged interval (>4 weeks) between short‐course radiotherapy (25 Gy in five fractions) (SCRT‐delay) and total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer has been associated with a decreased postoperative complication rate and offers the possibility of organ preservation in the case of a complete tumour response. This prospective cohort study systematically evaluated patient‐reported bowel dysfunction and physician‐reported radiation‐induced toxicity for 8 weeks following SCRT‐delay.MethodPatients who were referred for SCRT‐delay for intermediate risk, oligometastatic or locally advanced rectal cancer were included. Repeated measurements were done for patient‐reported bowel dysfunction (measured by the low anterior resection syndrome [LARS] questionnaire and categorized as no, minor or major LARS) and physician‐reported radiation‐induced toxicity (according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0) before start of treatment (baseline), at completion of SCRT and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks thereafter.ResultsFifty‐one patients were included; 31 (61%) were men and the median age was 67 years (range 44–91). Patient‐reported bowel dysfunction and physician‐reported radiation‐induced toxicity peaked at weeks 1–2 after completion of SCRT and gradually declined thereafter. Major LARS was reported by 44 patients (92%) at some time during SCRT‐delay. Grade 3 radiation‐induced toxicity was reported in 17 patients (33%) and concerned predominantly diarrhoea. No Grade 4–5 radiation‐induced toxicity occurred.ConclusionDuring SCRT‐delay, almost every patient experiences temporary mild–moderate radiation‐induced toxicity and major LARS, but life‐threatening toxicity is rare. SCRT‐delay is a safe alternative to SCRT‐direct surgery that should be proposed when counselling rectal cancer patients on neoadjuvant strategies.
The Effect of Cognitive Relevance of Directed Actions on Mathematical Reasoning
Authors: Walkington Candace , Nathan Mitchell J. , Wang Min , Schenck Kelsey 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTheories of grounded and embodied cognition offer a range of accounts of how reasoning and body‐based processes are related to each other. To advance theories of grounded and embodied cognition, we explore the cognitive relevance of particular body states to associated math concepts. We test competing models of action‐cognition transduction to investigate the cognitive relevance of directed actions to students’ mathematical reasoning in the area of geometry. The hypotheses we test include (1) that cognitively relevant directed actions have a direct effect on performance (direct cognitive relevance hypothesis), (2) that cognitively relevant directed actions lead to more frequent production of gestures during explanations, which leads to improved performance (mediated cognitive relevance hypothesis), and (3) that performance effects of directed actions are influenced by the presence or absence of gesture production during mathematical explanations (moderated cognitive relevance hypothesis). We explore these hypotheses in an experiment where high school students (N = 85) evaluated the truth of geometry conjectures after performing cognitively relevant or cognitively irrelevant directed actions while playing a movement‐based video game. Contrary to the direct and mediated cognitive relevance hypotheses, we found no overall differences in performance or gesture production between relevant and irrelevant conditions. Consistent with the moderated cognitive relevance hypothesis, cognitive relevance influenced mathematical performance, as measured by the accuracy of students’ intuitions, insights, and the validity of their proofs, provided that students produced certain kinds of gestures during mathematical explanations (i.e., with explanatory gestures as the moderator). Implications for theories of grounded and embodied cognition and the design of embodied forms of educational interventions are discussed.
Perceptual Dissimilarity Analysis Distinguishes Grapheme‐Color Synesthetes from Nonsynesthetes
Authors: Gravener Michelle , Lacey Simon , Sathian K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSynesthetes can be distinguished from nonsynesthetes on a variety of experimental tasks because their concurrent synesthetic experiences can affect task performance if these experiences match or conflict with some aspect of the stimulus. Here, we tested grapheme‐color synesthetes and nonsynesthetic control participants using a novel perceptual similarity task to assess whether synesthetes’ concurrent color experiences influence perceived grapheme similarity. Participants iteratively arranged graphemes and, separately, their associated synesthetic colors in a display, such that similar items were placed close together and dissimilar items further apart. The resulting relative inter‐item distances were used to calculate the pair‐wise (dis)similarity between items in the set, and thence to create separate perceptual representational dissimilarity matrices (RDMs) for graphemes and colors, on an individual basis. On the assumption that synesthetes’ similarity judgments for graphemes would be influenced by their concurrent color experiences, we predicted that grapheme and color RDMs would be more strongly correlated for synesthetes than nonsynesthetes. We found that the mean grapheme‐color RDM correlation was indeed significantly higher in synesthetes than nonsynesthetes; in addition, synesthetes’ grapheme‐color RDM correlations were more likely to be individually statistically significant, even after correction for multiple tests, than those of nonsynesthetes. Importantly, synesthetes’ grapheme‐color RDM correlations scaled with the consistency of their grapheme‐color associations as measured by their Synesthesia Battery (SB) scores. By contrast, the relationship between SB scores and grapheme‐color RDM correlations for nonsynesthetes was not significant. Thus, dissimilarity analysis quantitatively distinguished synesthetes from nonsynesthetes, in a way that meaningfully reflects a key aspect of synesthetic experience.
The impact of international sanctions on innovation of target countries
Authors: Wen Jun , Zhao Xinxin , Chang Chun‐Ping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper mainly presents a complete analysis of the impact of such sanctions on the innovation performance of target countries by exploiting the difference‐in‐differences method for panel data of 91 countries in the period 1988–2016. The empirical results confirm a significantly negative impact of overall international sanctions on innovation in the target countries; moreover, except for noneconomic sanctions, other types of sanctions have a negative impact on the level of innovation in the target countries to varying degrees. These findings are also supported by two semiparametric matchings: artificially matching according to the two factors of geographical location and land area respectively and the propensity score matching, one nonparametric matching: entropy balancing, as well as the system generalized method of moments estimates that account for any bias due to lagged dependent variables. This paper also shows that the significantly negative effect of international sanctions is manifested in the countries with high levels of trade openness, globalization, and democracy, but not in the countries with low levels of trade openness, globalization, and democracy. Our empirical findings merit particular attention from policy‐makers in target countries.