bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CE-CERT for prevention of burnout for attending physicians and general pediatric residents: A grounded theory investigation
Authors: Deel Matthew , DeGrace Beth , North Maddison N. , Naifeh Monique M. , Risch Elizabeth , Schmidt Susan R. , Bax Ami C. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Physician burnout has been identified as a significant occupational hazard for decades. Burnout prevention may target individual and workplace environment factors; however, a gold standard approach to prevention has yet to be established. Components for Enhancing Clinician Experience and Reducing Trauma (CE-CERT) is both a practice and peer supervision model for promoting wellness among helping professionals. This study sought to explore the experiences of a group of attending physicians at a mid-size pediatric residency program in an urban free-standing children’s hospital as they learned and implemented CE-CERT. Methods: A total of seven attending physicians participated in CE-CERT during the academic year between 2020 and 2021. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five of the seven participants (71%) after completion of the program to explore their experiences with CE-CERT in their personal and professional lives. Through constructivist grounded theory methods, attending physician experiences with CE-CERT were systematically analyzed. Results: Rigorous analysis revealed six common themes around the attending experiences with the CE-CERT model in their personal and professional lives. The six themes were as follows: 1) It’s given me a framework, 2) It’s given me insight, 3) Taking a minute, 4) Gave me skills to use, 5) You can do this without being overwhelmed, and 6) We connected. The themes were organized in a pictorial representation of their interactions. Conclusions: This study found that the CE-CERT program taught skills and concepts to our sample of attending physicians that were applicable and promoted self-motivation with potential to mitigate burnout and promote compassion satisfaction and professional quality of life.
Solving Large-Scale Fixed-Budget Ranking and Selection Problems
Authors: Hong L. Jeff , Jiang Guangxin , Zhong Ying 
Published: July 2022

In recent years, with the rapid development of computing technology, developing parallel procedures to solve large-scale ranking and selection (R&S) problems has attracted a lot of research attention. In this paper, we take fixed-budget R&S procedure as an example to investigate potential issues of developing parallel procedures. We argue that to measure the performance of a fixed-budget R&S procedure in solving large-scale problems, it is important to quantify the minimal growth rate of the total sampling budget such that as the number of alternatives increases, the probability of correct selection (PCS) would not decrease to zero. We call such a growth rate of the total sampling budget the rate for maintaining correct selection (RMCS). We show that a tight lower bound for the RMCS of a broad class of existing fixed-budget procedures is in the order of [Formula: see text], where k is the number of alternatives. Then, we propose a new type of fixed-budget procedure, namely the fixed-budget knockout-tournament ([Formula: see text]) procedure. We prove that, in terms of the RMCS, our procedure outperforms existing fixed-budget procedures and achieves the optimal order, that is, the order of k. Moreover, we demonstrate that our procedure can be easily implemented in parallel computing environments with almost no nonparallelizable calculations. Last, a comprehensive numerical study shows that our procedure is indeed suitable for solving large-scale problems in parallel computing environments. History: Accepted by Bruno Tuffin, Area Editor for Simulation. Funding: Y. Zhong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72101047]. L. J. Hong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72091211 and 72161160340]. G. Jiang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72121001 and 72171060]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1221 .
Intraoperative hemoadsorption in high-risk patients with infective endocarditis
Authors: Haidari Zaki , Demircioglu Ender , Boss Kristina , Tyczynski Bartosz , Thielmann Matthias , Schmack Bastian , Kribben Andreas , Weymann Alexander , El Gabry Mohamed , Ruhparwar Arjang , Wendt Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Background
Postoperative sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with infective endocarditis undergoing surgical therapy. Blood purification using hemoadsorption therapy shows promising results in the treatment of sepsis. In this study, the clinical effects of intraoperative hemoadsorption in high-risk patients with infective endocarditis were evaluated.

Methods
Eligible candidates were high-risk patients with infective endocarditis undergoing cardiac surgery between January 2014 and December 2019. Patients with intraoperative hemoadsorption (hemoadsorption) were compared to patients without hemoadsorption (control). The endpoints were the incidence of postoperative sepsis, sepsis-associated death and in-hospital mortality. Additionally, postoperative vasopressor need, systemic vascular resistance indices and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were compared.

Results
After propensity score matching, 70 high-risk patients were included. Postoperative sepsis occurred in 14 patients in the hemoadsorption group and in 16 patients in the control group, p = 0.629. Four patients died due to postoperative sepsis in the hemoadsorption group, while 11 postoperative septic patients died in the control group, p = 0.041. In-hospital mortality was 34% in the hemoadsorption group versus 43% in the control group, p = 0.461. On ICU-admission and the first postoperative day, the cumulative vasopressor need was 0.17 versus 0.25 μg/kgBW/min, p = 0.123 and 0.06 versus 0.11 μg/kgBW/min, p = 0.037, and the systemic vascular resistance index was 1448 versus 941 dyn·s·cm-5, p = 0.013 and 1156 versus 858 dyn·s·cm-5, p = 0.110 in the hemoadsorption versus control group, respectively. Postoperative course of SOFA score normalized significantly (p = 0.01) faster in the hemoadsorption group.

Conclusions
In high-risk cardiac surgical patients with infective endocarditis, intraoperative hemoadsorption significantly reduced sepsis-associated mortality. Furthermore, intraoperative hemoadsorption resulted in significant faster recovery of hemodynamics and organ function. Intraoperative hemoadsorption seems to attenuate the severity of postoperative sepsis.
HIV risk behavior and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Damtie Yitayish , Kefale Bereket , Yalew Melaku , Arefaynie Mastewal , Adane Bezawit , Muche Amare , Dewau Reta , Fentaw Zinabu , Amsalu Erkihun Tadesse , Bitew Gedamnesh , Ayele Wolde Melese , Kassa Assefa Andargie , Chanie Muluken Genetu , Melaku Mequannent Sharew , Adane Metadel 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundHIV risk behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is a major public health concern as it increases HIV transmission. In Ethiopia, findings regarding HIV risk behavior have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of HIV risk behavior and associated factors among PLWHA in Ethiopia.MethodsInternational databases, including Google Scholar, Cochrane library, HINARI, Pub Med, CINAHL, and Global Health were systematically searched to identify articles reporting the prevalence of HIV risk behavior and associated factors among PLWHA in Ethiopia. The data were analyzed using STATA/SE version-14. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effects. I-squared statistics and Egger’s test were used to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias respectively.ResultsA total of 4,137 articles were reviewed and fourteen articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HIV risk behavior in Ethiopia was 34.3%% (95% CI: 28.2, 40.3). Severe heterogeneity was observed between the included research articles (I2= 96.6, p = 0.000). Alcohol use (OR = 1.9, 95%, CI: [1.6, 2.3]), HIV status non-disclosure (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: [1.3, 4.0]) and perceived stigma (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: [1.3, 4.1]) had a significant association with HIV risk behavior.ConclusionThe prevalence of HIV risk behavior among PLWHA in Ethiopia was high. Alcohol use, HIV status non-disclosure, and perceived stigma had a significant association with HIV risk behavior. In addition to promoting access to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) treatment and improving medication adherence among PLWHA, various intervention programs focusing on the associated factors have to be implemented to tackle high-risk sexual behavior and go forward toward ending the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Markers of neutrophil activation and neutrophil extracellular traps in diagnosing patients with acute venous thromboembolism: A feasibility study based on two VTE cohorts
Authors: Smith Philip , Rosell Axel , Farm Maria , Bruzelius Maria , Aguilera Gatica Katherina , Mackman Nigel , Odeberg Jacob , Thålin Charlotte 
Published: July 2022

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis would greatly benefit from the identification of novel biomarkers to complement D-dimer, a marker limited by low specificity. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been shown to promote thrombosis and could hypothetically be used for diagnosis of acute VTE.

Objectives
To assess the levels of specific markers of neutrophil activation and NETs and compare their diagnostic accuracy to D-dimer.

Methods
We measured plasma levels of neutrophil activation marker neutrophil elastase (NE), the NET marker nucleosomal citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit-DNA) and cell-free DNA in patients (n = 294) with suspected VTE (pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis) as well as healthy controls (n = 30). A total of 112 VTE positive and 182 VTE negative patients from two prospective cohort studies were included.

Results
Higher levels of H3Cit-DNA and NE, but not cell-free DNA, were associated with VTE. Area under receiver operating curves (AUC) were 0.90 and 0.93 for D-dimer, 0.65 and 0.68 for NE and 0.60 and 0.67 for H3Cit-DNA in the respective cohorts. Adding NE and H3Cit-DNA to a D-dimer based risk model did not improve AUC.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates the presence of neutrophil activation and NET formation in VTE using specific markers. However, the addition of NE or H3Cit-DNA to D-dimer did not improve the discrimination compared to D-dimer alone. This study provides information on the feasibility of using markers of NETs as diagnostic tools in acute VTE. Based on our findings, we believe the potential of these markers are limited in this setting.
Role of ferroptosis-related genes in periodontitis based on integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Shujian , Jin Han , Da Junlong , Zhang Kai , Liu Lixue , Guo Yuyao , Zhang Wenxuan , Geng Yawei , Liu Xinpeng , Zhang Jiahui , Jiang Lili , Yuan Haoze , Wang Jianqun , Zhan Yuanbo , Li Ying , Zhang Bin 
Published: July 2022

Background
Cell survival or death is one of the key scientific issues of inflammatory response. To regulate cell death during the occurrence and development of periodontitis, various forms of programmed cell death, such as pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis, have been proposed. It has been found that ferroptosis characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation is involved in cancer, degenerative brain diseases and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, NCOA4 is considered one of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) contributing to butyrate-induced cell death in the periodontitis. This research aims to analyze the expression of FRGs in periodontitis tissues and to explore the relationship between ferroptosis and periodontitis.

Method
Genes associated with periodontitis were retrieved from two Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. Then, we normalized microarray data and removed the batch effect using the R software. We used R to convert the mRNA expression data and collected the expression of FRGs. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), transcription factor (TF) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were used. In addition, we constructed a receiver operating characteristic curve and obtained relative mRNA expression verified by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results
Eight and 10 FRGs related to periodontitis were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. GO analysis showed that FRGs were enriched in the regulation of glutathione biosynthetic, glutamate homeostasis, and endoplasmic reticulum-nucleus signaling pathway. The top TFs included CEBPB, JUND, ATF2. Based on the PPI network analysis, FRGs were mainly linked to the negative regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response, regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity, and regulation of apoptotic cell clearance. The expression levels of NCOA4, SLC1A5 and HSPB1 using PCR were significantly different between normal gingival samples and periodontitis samples. Furthermore, the diagnostic value of FRGs for periodontitis were “Good”.

Conclusions
We found significant associations between FRGs and periodontitis. The present study not only provides a new possible pathomechanism for the occurrence of periodontitis but also offers a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
Integrating particle tracking with computational fluid dynamics to assess haemodynamic perturbation by coronary artery stents
Authors: Boldock Luke , Inzoli Amanda , Bonardelli Silvia , Hsiao Sarah , Marzo Alberto , Narracott Andrew , Gunn Julian , Dubini Gabriele , Chiastra Claudio , Halliday Ian , Morris Paul D. , Evans Paul C. , C. M. Perrault 
Published: July 2022

Aims
Coronary artery stents have profound effects on arterial function by altering fluid flow mass transport and wall shear stress. We developed a new integrated methodology to analyse the effects of stents on mass transport and shear stress to inform the design of haemodynamically-favourable stents.

Methods and results
Stents were deployed in model vessels followed by tracking of fluorescent particles under flow. Parallel analyses involved high-resolution micro-computed tomography scanning followed by computational fluid dynamics simulations to assess wall shear stress distribution. Several stent designs were analysed to assess whether the workflow was robust for diverse strut geometries. Stents had striking effects on fluid flow streamlines, flow separation or funnelling, and the accumulation of particles at areas of complex geometry that were tightly coupled to stent shape. CFD analysis revealed that stents had a major influence on wall shear stress magnitude, direction and distribution and this was highly sensitive to geometry.

Conclusions
Integration of particle tracking with CFD allows assessment of fluid flow and shear stress in stented arteries in unprecedented detail. Deleterious flow perturbations, such as accumulation of particles at struts and non-physiological shear stress, were highly sensitive to individual stent geometry. Novel designs for stents should be tested for mass transport and shear stress which are important effectors of vascular health and repair.
Life satisfaction analysis between occupational balance (OB) group and occupational imbalance (OI) group
Authors: Cha Yu-Jin 
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives
Occupation and time‐use can never be separated because they are important criteria in determining one’s lifestyle, improvements of one’s lifestyle, and even the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is a difference in time‐use between the occupational balance (OB) group and occupational imbalance (OI) group and to determine the factors that influence the life satisfaction of those in the OB group.

Methods
This study sorted detailed activities of 9,228 participants who were over 65 years of age. Raw data of 2014 Korean Time Use Survey (KTUS) were used and the amount of time-use of older adults was classified into eight activity areas. This study classified the amount of time used by older adults for eight occupational areas, namely, activities of daily life (ADLs), instrumental ADL (IADLs), rest and sleep, education, work, play, leisure, and social participation. We identified areas of specific time differences between OB and OI groups, and confirmed variables affecting life satisfaction.

Results
The analysis of time-use corresponding to the eight occupational areas showed the greatest time-use for the instrumental activities of daily living, which averaged 1513.59 minutes (56.34%). The largest effect size was social participation (d = 1.38). As a result of analyzing the factors related to the life satisfaction of the OB group, we found that those who were younger (B = 0.02, p < .001), females (B = -0.12, p < .05), had a higher level of education (B = 0.65, p < .001), had a lower need for care (B = -1.19, p < .05), had a higher income (B = -0.43, p < .001), and rural residence (B = 0.29, p < .001) tended to have a higher life satisfaction.

Conclusions
This study may provide a basis for developing time‐use management and lifestyle redesign programs.
Effectiveness and safety of weekly paclitaxel and cetuximab as a salvage chemotherapy following immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter clinical study
Authors: Wakasaki Takahiro , Manako Tomomi , Yasumatsu Ryuji , Hara Hirotaka , Toh Satoshi , Masuda Muneyuki , Yamauchi Moriyasu , Kuratomi Yuichiro , Nishimura Emi , Takeuchi Toranoshin , Matsuo Mioko , Jiromaru Rina , Hashimoto Kazuki , Komune Noritaka , Nakagawa Takashi 
Published: July 2022

Objectives
The benefit of sequential therapy after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) has been recently reported. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the impact of cetuximab (Cmab)-containing salvage chemotherapy (SCT) and the therapeutic efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of Cmab administration prior to ICI administration.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 52 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with SCT (weekly paclitaxel [PTX], n = 7, or weekly PTX and Cmab [PC], n = 45).

Results
The objective response rate (ORR) and a disease control rate (DCR) was 53.3% and 91.1% in the PC group and 42.9% and 57.1% in the PTX group, respectively. There was a significant difference in the DCR between the PC and PTX groups (p = 0.0143). The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were significantly better in the PC group than in the PTX group. On the other hand, the incidence of drug-induced interstitial pneumonia (DI-IP) in R/M HNSCC patients who received SCT was 21.2%. Patients in the PC group were divided according to whether they received Cmab (Group A) or did not receive Cmab (Group B) as palliative therapy prior to ICIs. Group B had a significantly better OS than Group A. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the incidence rate of DI-IP during SCT might be higher in Group B.

Conclusion
Although PC following ICIs shows dramatic efficacy, careful monitoring of AEs, including DI-IP, is recommended.
Cost-effectiveness of fixed-dose combination pill (Polypill) in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A systematic literature review
Authors: Jahangiri Reza , Rezapour Aziz , Malekzadeh Reza , Olyaeemanesh Alireza , Roshandel Gholamreza , Motevalian Seyed Abbas 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundA significant proportion of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality could be prevented via the population-based and cost-effective interventions. A fixed-dose combination treatment is known as the polypill for the primary and secondary prevention of CVD has come up in recent years.PurposeIn order to provide recommendations for future economic evaluations, this systematic review aimed to review and assess the quality of published evidence on the cost-effectiveness of polypill in primary and secondary prevention of CVD, to identify the key drivers that impact the cost-effectivenessMethodsA systematic review of literature, following the PRISMA guidelines, was undertaken in the electronic databases. Two researchers identified the relevant studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist was used to quality assessment of included studies. ICERs value adjusted to 2020 United States Dollar using consumer price index (CPI) and purchasing power parity (PPP). Finally, data were summarized via a narrative synthesis.ResultsIn total, 24 articles were identified based on the determined inclusion criteria. All studies met more than 50% of the CHEERS criteria. Adjusted incremental cost-effectiveness ratios varied from 24$ to 31000$(2020 US dollar) among the studies. The polypill resulted in the improved adherence and quality of life, at a price equal to or lower than multiple monotherapies. This price is typically below the commonly accepted thresholds or cost saving in both, primary and secondary prevention of CVD. The main identified cost-effectiveness drivers were the polypill price, adherence, age, CVD risk, and drug combination.ConclusionsThis systematic review found that the polypill seemed to be a cost-effective intervention in primary and secondary prevention of CVD. However, it is necessary to conduct more economic evaluation studies based on the long-term clinical trials with large populations. Also, studies should consider how the polypill interacts with other primary and secondary preventive strategies as a complementary health strategy.