bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agroeconomic Performance of Maize in Zero Tillage As Relay and After Harvest of Transplanted Aman Rice
Authors: Nazrul MI 
Published: December 2022

A field trial was conducted at the multi-location testing (MLT) site, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh during two consecutive years of 2017-2018 and 2018- 2019 located in Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ)-20; under Eastern Surma Kushiyara Floodplain to introduce maize in zero tillage as relay and after harvest of T. aman rice. Four sowing dates of maize seed viz. T1: 10 November as relay with T. aman rice, T2: 20 November as relay with T. aman rice, T3: 30 November in T. aman harvested fallow land and T4: 10 December in T. aman harvested fallow land were used as treatment variables. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Maize var. BARI Hybrid Maize-9 and short duration T. aman rice var. BRRI dhan56 /BRRI dhan57 were used. Sowing time is critical for maximizing yield for both grain and biomass yield of maize. Yield and yield attributes of maize varied significantly due to different sowing dates. The result showed that grain yields of maize 8.48, 11.20, 8.22 and 7.98 t ha-1 were achieved with seed sown on 10 November as relay with T. aman rice, 20 November as relay with T. aman rice, 30 November in T. aman harvested fallow land and 10 December in T. aman harvested fallow land, respectively. The highest grain yield (11.20 t ha-1) was obtained when sowing on 20 November as relay with T. aman rice, which showed an increase of grain yield of 40, 36 and 32 % than 10 December in T. aman harvested fallow land, 30 November in T. aman harvested fallow land and 10 November as relay with T. aman rice, respectively. The highest gross return (Tk. 2,30,095 ha-1), net return (Tk. 1,33,845 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.39) were noted in the same treatment indicated the profitability of maize in zero tillage as relay with T. aman rice in AEZ 20.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 239-246, September 2020
Vegetative Growth, Yield and Quality of Broccoli As Influenced by Application of Gibberellic Acid
Authors: Moniruzzaman M , Khatoon R , Islam F 
Published: December 2022

Field experiments on broccoli cv. ‘BARI Broccoli-1’ was carried out during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at the field of Plant Physiology Section of HRC, BARI. 30 days old seedlings were treated before transplanting by dipping their roots for 24 h in different concentrations of GA3 (Gibberellic acid) viz., 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm along with control (distilled water). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block Design with three replications. GA3 concentrations significantly influenced the growth parameters, yield and yield attributes and quality parameters of broccoli. In regard to the average data of two years, GA3 @ 60 ppm gave the maximum leaf length (46.58 cm), spread diameter (52.38 cm), head circumference (38.2cm cm), head length (16.60 cm), head diameter (15.45 cm), primary and secondary head weight/plant (289.85 g and 192.80 g). The maximum head yield (18.82 t/ha in 2014-15 and 21.39 t/ha in 2015-16) with an average of 20.11 t/ha was recorded at GA3 @ 60 ppm followed by GA3 @ 40 ppm. Application of GA3 @ 60 ppm also produced the highest head compactness index (18.77 g/cm), maximum vitamin C (82.88 mg/100 g FW), vitamin A (601.90 IU/100 g FW) contents and the highest total soluble solid (10.10%). From the investigation it was also observed that application of more than 60 ppm GA3 reduced the yield attributes and yield of broccoli.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 247-259, September 2020
Postharvest Losses of Cucumber Production at Farm Level in Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MS , Khatun M 
Published: December 2022

The study assessed the volume and value of postharvest losses of cucumber in Rajshahi, Rangpur and Bandarban districts of Bangladesh. The survey covered 180 cucumber farmers. Multistage stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Postharvest loss was calculated by evaluating the quantitative and qualitative losses of cucumber. Among the respondents 71% were belonged to small farm size category followed by medium (21%) and marginal farm size category (6%). Average per hectare postharvest loss was 3929 kg in the survey areas. Postharvest loss was found highest in Rangpur (5781kg) followed by Rajshahi (4075kg) and Bandarban (1931kg). Total postharvest loss was 51.79% due to complete physical damage and the rest (48.21%) was due to partial physical damage. Sorting and grading stages accounted to 27.52% and 24.98% respectively were responsible for complete physical damage and partial physical damage. The least postharvest loss (3.61%) was due to storing of cucumber, whereas the highest loss (24.03%) was due to insect infestation. Besides, rotten and skinning causes for complete and partial physical damages of cucumber in Rajshahi district, where it was due to insect infestation in Bandarban and Rangpur district. The farmer of Rangpur district spent 81720 per hectare of cucumber cultivation, whereas it was Tk. 62354 and Tk. 34826 Rajshahi and Bandarban district respectively.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 269-277, September 2020
Development of Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern Against Fallow-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern at Mymensingh
Authors: Khan MAH , Sultana N , Akter N , Akhter S , Khan MAI 
Published: December 2022

The experiment was conducted at Multiplication Testing Site (MLT) Trishal of On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the agro-economic performance of improved cropping pattern for increasing cropping intensity and system productivity as compared to farmers’ existing cropping pattern. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Two cropping patterns viz. improved pattern Potato (BARI Alu- 25)-Boro (BRRI dhan28)-T. Aman rice (BRRI dhan49) and farmers existing cropping pattern Fallow-Boro (BRRI dhan29)- T. Aman rice (BRRI dhan49) were treatments variables of the experiment. Two years mean data showed that Potato-Boro-T. Aman rice cropping pattern produced higher tuber/grain yield as well as higher rice equivalent yield (30.53 t ha-1yr-1), production efficiency (149 kg ha-1 day-1), land utilization index (74 %) and labour employment (367mandays ha-1 yr-1) than Fallow-Boro-T. Aman rice cropping pattern. This pattern also increased system productivity, production efficiency, land utilization index and labour employment by 158, 166, 26 and 51% higher over exiting pattern. The mean gross return (Tk. 481800 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.235329 ha-1) of improved cropping pattern were 139 and 237% higher, respectively compared to existing pattern with 87% extra cost. The mean marginal benefit cost ratio (2.45) indicated superiority to improved cropping pattern over existing pattern. Experimental findings revealed that there is potential for greater adoption of intensified cropping systems with increased productivity and profitability as compared to rice–rice systems in Mymensingh.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 279-292, September 2020
Exploration of Sources of Genetic Resistance in Maize Genotypes Against Stem Borer (Chilopartellus (Swinhoe))
Authors: Neupane S , Subedi S 
Published: December 2022

Fourteen different maize genotypes were screened for their relative resistance to maize stem borer Chilopartellus (Swinhoe) under glass house condition at National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan during two consecutive years 2018 and 2019. The design of the experiment was completely randomized design having 2 replications. The unit plot size was one row of one meter length with 50 cm row to row and 20 cm plant to plant spacing. Two second instar larva of C. partellus (Swinhoe) per plant were released two times, first at 8th leaves (vegetative) and second at 12th leaves (Before tasseling) stages. Insect damage parameters (IDPs) viz. dead heart percentage, damage % at vegetative and foliar stage, foliar injury rating (1-9) at vegetative and before tasseling stage, tunnel length (cm), exit hole number and yield per plot were recorded to study the germplasm susceptibility level. The result revealed that IDPs and yield varied significantly among the tested genotypes. Over the years, IDPs like dead heart percentage (5.17%), percent damage atpre-tasseling stage (10.6%), foliar injury level (2.25), tunnel length (10.15 cm) and exit holes (2.32) were found lower with high yield (2235 g/plot) in RML-95/ RML-96 followed by RML- 86/RML-96. Two pipeline maize hybrids RML-95/RML-96 and RML-86/RML- 96 with least damaged by maize stem borer in both years will be useful for maize stem borer resistance source.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 293-301, September 2020
Effect of Ethephon on Ripening and Postharvest Quality of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) During Storage
Authors: Chowdhury MGF , Khan MHH , Miaruddin M , Rahman MA , Sabuz AA 
Published: December 2022

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) on ripening and postharvest quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Four concentrations of ethephon viz. 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm were applied in the experiment for ripening of tomato under ambient conditions (22±2oC & 80±5% RH) with a control (0 ppm ethephon) in two consecutive years 2012 - 2013. The tomato fruits of ‘Udayan’ variety at breaker stage were harvested from the farmers’. The treated fruits were assessed for ripening percentage and biochemical properties such as total soluble solids (TSS) (%), titratable acidity (%), ascorbic acid content (mg/100g) and total carotenoids (mg/100g). The observations were recorded at 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after storage. The maximum TSS and total carotenoids were found in tomato treated with ethephon concentration @750 - 1000 ppm after 6 days of storage. From the experiment, it was found that ethephon can be applied @750 – 1000 ppm in breaker stage of tomato for uniform ripening within 6 days of storage at ambient temperature. The applied ethephon was estimated as 0.18 - 0.88 ppm at edible stage (6 days of storage), which was lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) (2 ppm of ethephon) and safe for human consumption.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 303-314, September 2020
Effects of Cement Dust on Liver Function Parameters of Some Cement Factory Workers
Authors: Akhter Shahin , Khan Md Sakhawat Mahmud , Akhter Mahbuba , Datta Arunima , Begum Momtaz 
Published: December 2022

Background: Cement dust is one of the major air pollutants and its exposure causes various problems. It has deleterious effect on vital organs and may affect liver function. This study was done to assess the effects of cement dust on liver function parameters of cement factory workers.
Materials and methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram in collaboration with Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd. Chattogram during January 2018 to December 2018. For these, 30 cement exposed workers of Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd. aged between 20-45 years were included as case group. Age and sex matched 30 subjects were selected from office workers of Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd. and Chittagong Medical College as control group. To assess liver function 3 ml of venous blood was collected from each subject under aseptic precaution. Liver enzymes were assessed. After compiling data, statistical analyses were done by using SPSS for windows version-25. Unpaired student’s‘t’ test was done as test of significance.
Results: Liver enzymes like serum AST and serum ALT was lower in case group than control group within normal range and it was not statistically significant. Serum ALT was significantly higher in case group than control. It was also within normal range.
Conclusion: This study suggests that liver function might not be impaired by cement dust.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 22-24
Serum D-Dimer in Lacunar Stroke
Authors: Islam Muhammad Fakhrul , Uddin Mohammad Najim , Miah Md Titu 
Published: December 2022

Background: Stroke is the third most common cause of death in the developed world as well as is the most common cause of severe physical disability. A good number of studies have shown elevated serum D-Dimer level in acute ischemic stroke. Approximately one quarter of ischemic strokes are caused by lacunar infarct. This study demonstrated serum D-Dimer in Lacunar Stroke. The purpose of the study to find out serum D-Dimer in Lacunar Stroke.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Medicine Department, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka on the patients with diagnosis of first ever acute lacunar Ischemic (LACI) stroke presented within 2 days of onset of symptoms. In this study, total 45 acute LACI cases irrespective of their gender were included and examined in presence of consultant physician, who were admitted from March 2014 to September 2014.
Results: An overall male predominance with a male to female ratio was 2:1 with the mean (SD) age of the study population of lacunar stroke was 57.60 (12.68) years. At the distribution of common risk factors in this study, there were hypertension (n=26, 57%), smoking (n=18, 40%) Diabetes mellitus (n=14, 31.1%), dyslipidemia (n=12, 26.6%) and ischemic heart disease (n=9, 20. %). Accounting the focus point of our study, the mean (SD) value of serum D-Dimer was 0.37 (0.20) mg/L with gender difference in male and female [0.39 (0.20) mg/L Vs. 0.31 (0.19) mg/L]. A regression analysis was done to find the association of D-Dimer category group (Dependent variable) which were categorized as Normal range [D-Dimer level <0.5 mg/L (n=29)] and Increased level [D-Dimer level ³0.5 mg/L (n=16)] according to normal cutoff point of D-Dimer (<0.5 mg/L). It shows there was no statistically significant difference among normal and raised D-Dimer with gender, age, smoking, Tobacco, family history of CVD, hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia (p value > 0.05). But here, male and dyslipidemia patients were respectively 3.23 and 3.84 times more prone to develop increased level of D-Dimer, but it was statistically nonsignificant.
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that serum D-Dimer was not significantly raised with Lacunar stoke patients. Though lacunar stroke is diagnosed specially by imaging methods, serum D-Dimer may play a role in diagnosis process to exclude from non-lacunar stoke.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 30-34
Gallstone Ileus: A Rare Surgical Emergency
Authors: Ullah AZM Forman , Nasim Md Muzharul Hoq , Salam Abdus , Tayeb Md 
Published: December 2022

Background : Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis and is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction accounting for 1%–4% of mechanical bowel obstructions. This usually results from luminal impaction of one or more gallstone.
Case Presentation : A 86-year-old male presented with the history of bilious vomiting for 15 days and abdominal distension for 8 days and diagnosed as a case of intestinal obstruction due to gall stone ileus. He was treated surgically by laparotomy followed by enterotomy and removal of gall stone were performed from the proximal ileum.
Conclusion : Early diagnosis and treatment are important otherwise adverse effect of mechanical bowel obstruction leads to bad prognosis.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 57-59
Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Ahmed Wazir , Akter Feroza , Rahman Ziaur , Dutta Shanta , Akther Farhana 
Published: December 2022

Background : Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological disorder that results from brain injury in intrauterine or early years of life. This condition is characterised by hemicerebral atrophy/hypoplasia secondary to brain insult and is accompanied by ipsilateral compensatory osseous hypertrophy and contralateral hemiparesis.
Case Presentation : Here we describe about a 17 months old female child who presented with unable to stand or walk without support till date and left sided weakness since birth. Neurological examination revealed left-sided spastic hemiparesis with brisk tendon reflexes and equivocal planter response. MRI of brain revealed mild focal parenchymal volume loss in left superior parietal lobule with evidence of gliotic changes in the adjacent cerebral parenchyma. Left cranial fossa appeared to be smaller in size with slightly thickened skull bones and left lateral ventricular dilatation. Body and splenium of the corpus callosum was grossly hypoplastic. Focal parenchymal volume loss bordered by T2-flair hyperintensity was noted at right parieto-temporo-occipital region along with exvacuo dilatation of adjacent part of right lateral ventricle, suggesting encephalomalacic changes.
Conclusion : As our patient presented with hemiparesis and developmental delay, her parents were counselled to take her to child development center for developmental therapy with regular follow up.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 64-66
Comparison of a Preservative-free Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug and Preservative-free Corticosteroid after Uneventful Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Alam Md Toriqul , Anwar Md Towhid , Chowdhury Kousik , Aktar Nasima , Rahman Md Munsur , Md Munir Iftekhar 
Published: December 2022

Background: Cataract is considered as a main cause of blindness around the world along with glaucoma and macular degeneration. Now, surgery remains the only effective treatment option of cataracts and cataract surgery is one of the most frequently accomplished surgeries in the field of ophthalmic arena. This study aimed to compare the effects of NSAIDs with those of steroids for the management of inflammation after uneventful cataract surgery.
Methods: This study was a prospective randomized control trial, conducted at the Department of Cataract in National Institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital, Dhaka, from 01 February 2021- 30 January 2022. A total of 194 patients were randomly allocated into two groups by lottery. The patients of NSAID group was prescribed bromfenac sodium hydrate 0.1% to apply two times a day in 1 eye, whereas the steroid group was treated with Dexamethasone 0.1%, 4 times per day for 4 weeks after the surgery.
Results: The mean age of the patients in NSAID and steroid group were 71.10 (± 8.55) years and 72.09 (± 8.64) years respectively. The male female ratio of each group was 33:64. The change in inflammation grade of the anterior from postoperative day 1 to week 8 in the NSAID group was -1.25 ± 1.30 and in the steroid group -1.25 ± 1.32 which shows a significant reduction in both eyes (p <0.001). Comparing the changes from preoperative to week 1 and preoperative to week 8 showed central corneal thickness in the NSAID group was also significantly less than that in the steroid group (8.87 ± 22.46 and 29.48± 46.60 vs. 4.74 ± 31.75 and 8.76 ± 40.95 mm) (p<0.05). Comparing the changes from postoperatively to week 1 and postoperatively to week 8, the NSAID group had lower conjunctival hyperemia -0.09± 0.53 and -0.19 ± 0.54 vs. the steroid group had higher conjunctival hyperemia 0.08 ± 0.64 and -0.20 ± 0.53.
Conclusion: NSAIDs like nepafenac 0.1%, bromfenac 0.09%, and ketorolac 0.5% are proven to be a good alternative to steroids which has a corresponding level of anti-inflammatory activity like Dexamethasone 0.1% for controlling postoperative ocular inflammation among patients going through cataract surgery.
J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022;5(1):10-15
Visual Outcome after Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens (SFIOL) Implantation Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV) and Removal of dropped Intra-Ocular Lens (IOL)
Authors: Shuchi Tarzeen Khadiza , Hafiz Sadrul Alam , Danny Afreen Sultana , Aktar Nasima , Raihan Mohammad Hussain , Afrin Humyra 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Placement of a posterior chamber scleral fixated intraocular lens (SF-IOL) is the only option for patients whose eyes lack zonular or capsular support. Long-term data comparing the various techniques used to place scleral fixation intraocular lens (SF-IOL) will be crucial to identify optimal strategies for scleral fixation intraocular lens (SF-IOL) implantation.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to observe the visual outcome after SFIOL implantation following PPV in case of dropped intraocular lens.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at National Institute of Ophthalmology & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 6 months, from August 2019 to January 2020. The study was conducted with a total of 30 patients with aphakia due to dropped intraocular lenses. The patients were selected non-randomly on a first come first serve basis.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 57.7±7.64 years and the majority (60.0%) were female with 66.67% had left eye involvement. Mean visual acuity at baseline was 1.34 ± 0.26 (SD) in the Log MAR unit, which had significant improvement at each follow-up period. After 3 months visual improvement was 0.34±0.27 in LogMAR unit. A few cases of corneal edema, raised intraocular pressure, lens decentration and some other complications were observed after surgery.
Conclusion: In most cases, a decent optical outcome may be reached by using this surgical approach. To prove that it might be a safe and effective treatment without zonular or capsular support, long-term follow-up, a large sample size, and many surgeons' involvement are required.
J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022;5(1):27-31
A Study on the Advanced Ophthalmic Training Program of Bangladesh
Authors: Ul Kadir Syeed Mehbub , Islam Md Saiful , Azad Md Abul Kalam , Shafiuzzaman Md , Islam Md Emranul , Rahman Md Tauhidur 
Published: December 2022

Aims: To describe the present status, strength, and weakness of the advanced ophthalmic training program in Bangladesh.
Methods: A prospective study was carried out among the ophthalmologists those who had completed their long-term advanced ophthalmic training program (fellowship) in five tertiary eye hospitals of Bangladesh. The study period was from 01 January 2020 to 30 June 2020 including first three months data collection period. A semi-structured questionnaire was supplied to the study subjects. The analysis was made based on the answer from the study subjects.
Results: The total responder was 46. The male responder was 58.7%, where the mean age of the study subjects was 33.05 years when they entered the training program. The Vitreo-retina fellows were the highest at 30.4%. Most of the fellows performed as the primary surgeon without supervision rather than surgery with supervision. Satisfied with the mentor was 91% while satisfied with hands-on work was 85% and satisfied with academic activities was 69.6%. About 21.7% of fellows did not involve any research work during the fellowship period. About 67.4% of fellows said that the central scientific session could be rearranged twice a week. However, 37% of fellows did not fulfill their logbook in the fellowship period.
Conclusion: Most of trainees had got the opportunity to do hands on work but the supervision was inadequate. The research activities were not satisfactory in the advanced training period. There was not any unique training/fellowship curriculum among all institutes.
J. Natl. Inst. Ophthalmol. 2022;5(1):32-38