bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Layers Composite Plasma Coatings Based on Oxide Ceramics and M-Croll
Authors: Panteleenko F. I. , Okovity V. A. , Devоino O. G. , Astashinsky V. M. , Switala F. 
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the influence of the parameters of the plasma spraying process on the technological characteristics of multilayer coatings based on nickel-chromium, nickel-chromium-aluminum-yttrium materials, oxide ceramics, intended for operation at high temperature and additional dynamic loads. The design of plasma coatings during their application (with subsequent high-energy processing) under such conditions requires a comprehensive solution – both the use of high-quality powder ingredients and the optimization of technological parameters. The plasma process of applying powder materials has been improved to obtain the maximum values of their utilization factors. The technological characteristics that affect the properties of plasma coatings are optimized, namely: the flow rates of the plasma-forming and materials-transporting gases, the flow rate of supplied powder materials, the current and voltage of the electric arc of the plasma torch, the distance from the plasma torch nozzle exit to the substrate. The paper presents the results of studies of the structure of coatings, performed using scanning electron microscopy. Their analysis has made it possible to form general regularities obtained by the action of radiation of compression plasma flows on coatings formed by air plasma. The considered structures are created using the processes of melting, compaction and high-speed cooling of plasma coatings. The main optimization indicators are the maximum local compaction and spillage of the obtained compositions with the absence of defects and destruction from the impact of compression plasma flows. The main effect during the action of radiation of a compression plasma flow on previously formed coatings is thermal. It contributes heating of the near-surface layer. When the coating is exposed to radiation of compression plasma flows, a remelted layer of oxides with a thickness of about 12–15 µm is created, smoothing the relief of the formed surface and creating a network of cracks on the surface, diverging into the depth of the coating. The liquid-phase processes occurring in the molten phase of the near-surface layers after exposure to compression plasma radiation change the structure of the layers and contribute to the modification of their mechanical properties. By smoothing the surface, increasing the density of the surface crystallized layer and minimizing macro-defects – pores or macrocracks – the mechanical characteristics of the coatings increase.
Azole Derivatives: Recent Advances as Potent Antibacterial and Antifungal
Agents
Authors: Emami Leila , Faghih Zeinab , Ataollahi Elaheh , Sadeghian Sara , Rezaei Zahra , Khabnadideh Soghra 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Azoles are the famous and widespread scaffold in the pharmaceutical industry through wide range of activities, high efficacy, and good tolerability and oral availability. Furthermore, azole derivatives have engrossed attentiveness as potent antimicrobial agents.

Introduction:
The purpose of this review is to execute an overview of the pharmacological aspects of the main scaffolds of azoles, including imidazole, benzimidazole, triazole and tetrazole which possessed antimicrobial activity from 2016 to 2020 as well as all of our publication in this field. In addition, we discussed the relationship between the structure and activity and molecular docking studies of the azole derivatives to provide key features and useful information for the synthesis of novel azole compounds with desirable biological activities. The presented structures in this review have been tested against several bacteria and fungi such that E. coli and C. albicans were common in all of these studies.

Results:
The comparison of reported MIC showed that fluconazole base structures were the most active ones as antifungal agents and triazole derivatives bearing nitrophenyl and coumarin moieties had the most antibacterial activity.

Conclusion:
Triazole and imidazole scaffolds are more important in the design of antimicrobial compounds than other azole derivatives like benzimidazole or tetrazole. All the most active compounds fulfilled the Lipinski rules.
Exploration of the Potential Mechanisms of Lingqihuangban Granule for
Treating Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: He Shuai , Gu Chufeng , Su Tong , Zhou Chuandi , Lhamo Thashi , Draga Deji , Yin Lili , Qiu Qinghua 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The Lingqihuangban Granule (LQHBG), a remarkable Chinese herbal compound, has been used for decades to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases) with obvious effects. Through the method of network pharmacology, the present study constructed bioactive component-relative targets and protein-protein interaction network of the LQHBG and implemented gene function analysis and pathway enrichment of targets, discussing the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine LQHBG in treating DR.

Materials and Methods:
The bioactive ingredients of LQHBG were screened and obtained using TCMSP and ETCM databases, while the potential targets of bioactive ingredients were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction and ETCM databases. Compared with the disease target databases of TTD, Drugbank, OMIM and DisGeNET, the therapeutic targets of LQHBG for DR were extracted. Based on DAVID platform, GO annotation and KEGG pathway analyses of key targets were explored, combined with the screening of core pathways on Omicshare database and pathway annotation on Reactome database.

Results:
A total of 357 bioactive components were screened from LQHBG, involving 86 possible targets of LQHBG treating DR. In PPI network, INS and ALB were identified as key genes. The effective targets were enriched in multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.

Conclusion:
This study revealed the possible targets and pathways of LQHBG treating DR, reflecting the characteristics of multicomponent, multitarget and multipathway treatment of a Chinese herbal compound, and provided new ideas for further discussion.
Silencing of Long Non-coding RNA H19 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced Apoptosis and Inflammation Injury by
Regulating miR-140-5p/TLR4 Axis in Cell Models of Pneumonia
Authors: Yang Hong 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
Mounting studies have clarified the link between long non-coding
RNAs (lncRNAs) and pneumonia. This research aims to probe the function and
regulatory mechanism of lncRNA H19 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell models
of pneumonia.

Methods:
WI-38 cells were exposed to LPS for 12 h to mimic cell models of pneumonia.
The relative expression of H19, miR-140-5p, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were
detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell
viability was detected by MTT assay. The protein expression of apoptosis-associated
proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) and TLR4 were determined by western blot. Moreover, the
content of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The target relationship between miR-
140-5p and H19/ TLR4 was confirmed by Dual luciferase reporter (DLR) assay.

Results:
LncRNA H19 and TLR4 were up-regulated, while miR-140-5p was downregulated
in peripheral blood of patients with pneumonia and LPS-treated WI-38 cells
compared with their controls. Silencing of H19 or miR-140-5p mimics facilitated cell
viability, whereas repressed apoptosis and reduced content of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in
LPS-induced WI-38 cells. H19 targeted miR-140-5p and it inversely regulated miR-140-
5p expression. MiR-140-5p targeted TLR4 and it inversely regulated TLR4 expression.
H19 positively regulated TLR4 expression. Moreover, inhibition of miR-140-5p or overexpression
of TLR4 reversed the effects of H19 silencing on cell viability, inflammation,
and apoptosis in LPS-induced WI-38 cells.

Conclusion:
Silencing of H19 inhibited apoptosis and inflammation by miR-140-
5p/TLR4 pathway in LPS-induced WI-38 cells.
Effects of Long-term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Systemic Arterial
Stiffness and Pulse Wave Velocity
Authors: Kutluana Ufuk , Kutluana Ecem , Alpua Mehmet , Özen Mert 
Published: April 2022

Background and aims:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely prescribed agents. Whereas PPIs are widely regarded as harmlesss, long-term use of PPIs (LTUPPI) can have the potential to increase the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a good indicator of arterial stiffness. There are several studies showing a relationship between LTUPPI and CVD. However, the association with LTUPPI and PWV or arterial stiffness has not been reported.

Patients and methods:
Patients (n=64) with LTUPPI and controls (n=91) were included. PWV, glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and magnesium levels were measured.

Main results:
In the LTUPPI group, PWV was greater than in controls (9.08±2.04 vs 7.77±1.52 m/s, respectively, p=0.01); 34.4% of patients and 8.8% of controls had PWV levels <10 m/s (p=0.000). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age (p<0.001) and LTUPPI (p=0.024) were predictors of elevated PWV.

Conclusions:
PWV values are increased in patients with LTUPPI compared with controls independently of conventional CV risk factors. Measurement of PWV and other arterial stiffness parameters in cases with LTUPPI may be useful to predict possible CVD. Studies with greater numbers are needed to confirm these findings.
Association of Serum MMP-9 Level and Lung Function in New Pulmonary
Tuberculosis Case
Authors: Maranatha Daniel , Ambarwati Devi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Histopathological abnormalities of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) include caseous granuloma formation, tissue damage, and cavity formation, all of which could lead to per-manent changes in the pulmonary anatomy. In pulmonary TB, an increase in serum Matrix Metallo-proteinase (MMP)-9 correlates with disease severity and worse prognosis. This study aims to ana-lyze the association between serum MMP-9 levels and the values of FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study involving patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was conducted at the Tuberculosis Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Spirome-try and serum MMP-9 levels were examined in new pulmonary TB patients prior to anti-tuberculosis therapy. The relationship between serum MMP-9 levels and results of spirometry ex-amination was then analyzed.

Results:
There were 44 new pulmonary TB cases with a mean age of 37.90 ± 15.15 years. The pa-tients who experienced symptoms in <1 month were 20.5%, ≥ 1 month were 59.1%, and ≥ 2 months were 20.4%. The mean MMP-9 serum level was 11.27 ± 5.47 ng/ml. Spirometry results were: FVC 1.83 ± 0.69 L, FVC predicted 56.24 ± 18.74%, FEV1 1.71 ± 0.72 L/sec, FEV1 predicted 60.85 ± 21.30%, and FEV1/FVC 104.16 ± 17.45%. In pulmonary TB patients with symptoms experienced in <1 month, a significant relationship between MMP-9 and FVC levels was found with r = -0.839 (p = 0.005).

Conclusion:
There is a correlation between serum MMP-9 level and restrictive pulmonary impair-ment in new pulmonary TB cases with symptoms experienced in <1 month.
Effects of Punica granatum Fruit (a Super Food) Juice on Human Health
Authors: D'Angelo Stefania , Ferrara Luigi , Joksimovic Marko 
Published: April 2022

Background:
One of the oldest known edible fruits, the pomegranate (Punica granatum
L.), is now widely consumed worldwide. Its fruits and seed are rich in many bioactive
compounds, such as polyphenols, and the scientific interest in this plant has been constantly
growing in recent years.

Introduction:
Pomegranate fruit and its juice have been shown to have health benefits relating to
their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They are used in alternative medicine as
adaptogens and ergogens, protecting against many neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal,
liver, and skin disorders.

Methods:
Given the amount of evidence, this narrative review does not seek to supply a comprehensive
summary of all study findings but rather focuses on human clinical trials related to the
last five years. In this regard, we have performed a check in MEDLINE, and clinical trials presented
in this time are summarized.

Result:
Pomegranate consumption as a table fruit or juice, which is high in polyphenols, is thus
recommended in human diet for its health benefits.The consumption of pomegranate fruit symbolizes
a promising therapeutic approach to avert many chronic syndromes.

Conclusion:
The findings highlight the need for bigger, more thoroughly planned human clinical
trials to continue research into the potential particular effects of pomegranate fruit, as well as to
determine the ideal dose and duration of pomegranate juice supplementation.
ACEi/ ARB and Deaths of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Kumar Anoop , Azad Gulam Navi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The practice of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers
(ACEi/ARB) in COVID-19 hypertensive patients is still an open question for clinicians to answer.
The present study was conducted to find out the association between the use of ACEI/ARB and the
mortality rate of COVID-19 patients. The search was conducted from December 2019 to October
2020 in PubMed to identify relevant published studies. RevMan 5 was used for the analysis of the
data. The random-effect model was used to calculate the odds ratio. In total, 07 studies were found
to be appropriate, reporting a total of 1,566 subjects. The odds ratio was found to be 0.86 [0.41,
1.81], indicating no association between ACEI/ARB and the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients.
In conclusion, we may suggest continuing the use of ACEi/ARB in COVID-19 patients till further
pieces of evidence are generated.
Structure-Based Discovery of Potent Staphylococcus aureus Thymidylate Kinase Inhibitors by Virtual Screening
Authors: Ul-Haq Zaheer , Qureshi Bakhtawer , Khalil Ruqaiya , Saeed Maria , Nur-e-Alam Mohammad , Ahmed Sarfaraz 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:Multidrug-resistant bacteria are rapidly increasing worldwide, increasing antibiotic resistance. The exploitation, misuse, overuse, and decrease of the therapeutic potential of currently available antibiotics have resulted in the development of resistance against bacteria. As the most common bacterial pathogen in humans, Staphylococcus aureus can cause many adverse health effects. In fighting multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, scientists have identified an extremely relevant target - SaTMPK. SaTMPK is essential for DNA synthesis, which, in turn, is necessary for the replication and cell division of bacteria.Objective:To perform multi-stage screening using the ZINC database, followed by molecular docking, ADMET profiling, molecular dynamics simulations, and energy calculations.Methods:Based on the similar pharmacophoric characteristics of existing SaTMPK crystal structures, a model of interaction-based pharmacophores was developed. We then performed molecular docking studies on the positive hits obtained from the pharmacophore screening. Compounds that exhibited good molecular interactions within the SaTMPK binding sites were further evaluated using in-silico ADMET profiling.Results:In a multi-stage screening campaign, three compounds were shortlisted that exhibited physicochemical characteristics suitable for human administration.Conclusion:The findings from this study should contribute to in vitro and in vivo studies for clinical applications.
Phenolic Content and Scavenging Activity in Moringa oleifera Lam. with
Two Types of Leaf Color
Authors: Radice Silvia , Arena Miriam Elisabet , Castro Federico Gómez , Giordani Edgardo 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Moringa plants (Moringa oleifera Lam.) are mostly commercially propagated by seeds, and consequently the seedling populations show a high level of morphological diversity due to segregation. In particular, differences in leaf color can be commonly observed. The main objective of this work was to characterize the leaf color of different moringa plants and successively, relate them to the leaf content of phenols, among which are some flavonoids, and to the scavenging activity on DPPH radicals of leaf extracts.

Methods:
Red and green leaf petiol plants (three plants each one) were randomly chosen among a plot of 50 potted seed plants of 3-year-old and 2 m high, growing in the city of Morón (Argentina) (34º 64’ 62.61'' SL; 58º 62' 09.69'' WL). Leaves were harvested in April and were taken from the basal, medial, and apical parts of the plant stem (3 leaves per section), and consecutively each leaf was also subdivided into basal, medial and apical sections. Leaf color, total phenol content, individual phenol composition and scavenging activity of DDPH radicals were determined.

Results:
Petiole and leaflet color were significantly different for a* and b* values, as a consequence, ΔE* was -0.12 and 0.27 between the red leaf plants, but higher (-3.09) between the red and green type leaves. Interestingly, the leaflets of the red leaf type had more green and yellow dyes than those of the green leaf type. Phenol content and the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals were significantly highest in red plant leaves (10.9 mg tannic acid and 45.6 %, respectively) than in green plant leaves (9.1 mg tannic acid and 31.1 %, respectively). Red leaf type had the smallest amounts of rutin and naringenin contents, which were not present in the green leaf type. Nevertheless, the green leaf type showed more catechin hydrate content than the red leaf type.

Conclusion:
total phenol content and antioxidant activity are modified with sampling and with the leaf color, so these factors must be considered as well as the selection of red leaf plants.
Incorporating Insulin Growth Factor-1 into Regenerative and Personalized
Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gan Quan Fu , Lim Yi Ting , Foo Chai Nien , Yu Chye Wah , Woon Choy Ker , Cheong Soon Keng , Leong Pooi Pooi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the world’s leading causes of increased
morbidity and mortality. Current interventions for CVD, including percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), carry certain risks and complications,
which may also affect the patient’s quality of life. It is important to minimize those risks and complications
while speeding up the recovery. Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) is a growth factor responsible for
cellular migration, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis, which supports cardiovascular regeneration.

Methods:
In light of the current trend of regenerative medicine, the present review aims to pool data relating
to the incorporation of IGF-1 in regenerative medicine and provide input on the current research gaps
and concerns arising on translating this approach from benchwork into clinical settings.

Results:
Using the keywords IGF-1 ‘OR’ Insulin Growth Factor 1 ‘AND’ Mesenchymal Stem Cells
‘AND’ Tissue Healing from 2009 to 2020, we identified 160 and 52 from Medline and PubMed, screening
out 202 articles due to non-fulfilment of the inclusion criteria.

Conclusion:
Incorporating IGF-1 into regenerative and personalized medicine may be promising for
treating CVD; however, the concerns include the role of IGF-1 in inducing cancer growth and its ability
to migrate to the specific site of injury, especially for those who present with multiple pathologies should
be addressed prior to its translation from bench work into clinical settings.
Inflammasomes as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular
Disease
Authors: Wang Ping , Ma Jun , Zhang Ru 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Recent studies have shown that interleukin 1β monoclonal antibody improves the prognosis
of patients with coronary artery disease independently of lipid levels, providing the first
evidence of the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment for atherosclerotic disease. However,
there is still a significant risk of residual inflammation with interleukin 1β monoclonal antibody
therapy alone. Activation of the inflammasome, an intracellular protein complex composed
of pattern recognition receptors and other inflammatory molecules, is a critical step in the
development of the inflammatory response, and targeting the inflammasome to reduce residual
inflammation has emerged as a new idea in the anti-inflammatory treatment of atherosclerotic
disease. This review discusses the role and mechanisms of inflammasomes in atherosclerotic disease
and lists drugs that are currently thought to potentially treat atherosclerosis through antiinflammasomes,
hoping to provide insight into the development of new anti-inflammatory therapies
for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic disease.
Safety and Effectiveness of Compounded Galenic Cholic Acid for Bile Acid Synthesis Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Zanon Davide , Burlo Francesca , Scaramuzza Gaia , Maximova Natalia , Matarazzo Lorenza , Maggiore Giuseppe , Barbi Egidio 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Bile acid synthesis disorders are rare congenital diseases that can lead to
cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease if left untreated. Cholic acid administration is the only treatment
that can prevent patients from fatal outcomes. Since 2013 in Europe, there has been just one
formulation of cholic acid: Orphacol®. It is difficult to administer to infant patients because of its
formulation (capsules) and the need for dose titration depending on the patient’s weight.

Case Presentation:
Two sisters affected by 3-β-hydroxy-Δ-5-C27-steroid dehydrogenase
deficiency showed soon after birth failure to thrive, cholestasis, and fat-soluble vitamin deficiency.
Both biochemical findings and liver biopsies confirmed cholestasis and initial liver damage. Patients
were treated for eight years with a liquid formulation of a cholic acid galenic compound, and then
they started to be treated with capsules of the registered drug. Clinical conditions and biochemical
findings were checked periodically during both therapies.

Conclusion:
Clinical and laboratory data showed no differences between the cholic acid galenic
compound and the registered drug in terms of efficacy and safety. Furthermore, the galenic
compound showed benefits of more manageable dose titration, easier intake due to its liquid
formulation, and lower costs than commercial cholic acid capsules.