bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of coffee production efficiency and productivity strategy in African and non‐African countries
Authors: Yang Chih‐Yu , Lu Ching‐Cheng , Chiu Yung‐Ho , Lin Tai‐Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study used 39 coffee producing countries (CPC) in African and non‐African countries as the research object to evaluate the coffee production efficiency and coffee productivity of CPC from 2013 to 2017. Empirical results show that during the study period, among 14 countries with coffee production efficiency greater than 1, Lao (1.7265), Viet Nam (1.4282), and Indonesia (1.3113) are located in Asia, and Ghana (1.3741) and Ethiopia (1.1357) are African countries, the rest of the countries are distributed in Central and South America. The three countries with the worst coffee production efficiency are Côte d'Ivoire (0.2482), Sierra Leone (0.2137), and Togo (0.1774), all located in Africa. In terms of coffee productivity, the average is 1.1318. Eleven countries are above the average and 28 countries are below the average. Among them, Guyana (0.9103), Yemen (0.8278), and Malawi (0.6275) have the worst coffee productivity. The study found that although coffee originated in Africa, the average coffee production efficiency of African countries (0.6167) lags behind non‐African countries (1.1563). However, the average coffee productivity of African countries (1.1766) is better than that of non‐African countries (1.1007). At present, coffee production efficiency in coffee‐producing countries in Africa is low, and technological improvements are being used to improve efficiency, making coffee productivity present an upward trend. This study chose to use the non‐oriented Super Directional Distance Model and Malmquist total factor productivity to evaluate the changes in coffee production efficiency and coffee productivity in African and non‐African countries. [EconLit Citations: D24, L22, Q10].
A retrospective cohort analysis of the Yale pediatric genomics discovery program
Authors: Al‐Ali Samir , Jeffries Lauren , Faustino E. Vincent S. , Ji Weizhen , Mis Emily , Konstantino Monica , Zerillo Cynthia , Jiang Yong‐hui , Spencer‐Manzon Michele , Bale Allen , Zhang Hui , McGlynn Julie , McGrath James M. , Tremblay Thierry , Brodsky Nina N. , Lucas Carrie L. , Pierce Richard , Deniz Engin , Khokha Mustafa K. , Lakhani Saquib A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program (PGDP) at Yale uses next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and translational research to evaluate complex patients with a wide range of phenotypes suspected to have rare genetic diseases. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 356 PGDP probands evaluated between June 2015 and July 2020, querying our database for participant demographics, clinical characteristics, NGS results, and diagnostic and research findings. The three most common phenotypes among the entire studied cohort (n = 356) were immune system abnormalities (n = 105, 29%), syndromic or multisystem disease (n = 103, 29%), and cardiovascular system abnormalities (n = 62, 17%). Of 216 patients with final classifications, 77 (36%) received new diagnoses and 139 (64%) were undiagnosed; the remaining 140 patients were still actively being investigated. Monogenetic diagnoses were found in 67 (89%); the largest group had variants in known disease genes but with new contributions such as novel variants (n = 31, 40%) or expanded phenotypes (n = 14, 18%). Finally, five PGDP diagnoses (8%) were suggestive of novel gene‐to‐phenotype relationships. A broad range of patients can benefit from single subject studies combining NGS and functional molecular analyses. All pediatric providers should consider further genetics evaluations for patients lacking precise molecular diagnoses.
Enantioselective oxa‐Diels–Alder Sequences of Dendralenes
Authors: Fan Yi‐Min , Yu Li‐Juan , Gardiner Michael G. , Coote Michelle L. , Sherburn Michael S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDiene‐transmissive hetero‐Diels–Alder sequences involving carbonyl dienophiles are reported for the first time. High enantioselectivities are achieved in the reaction of phenylglyoxal with a broad range of dendralene structures, through the optimization of a Pd2+ catalyst system. The initial catalyst‐controlled enantioselective oxa‐Diels–Alder (ODA) cycloaddition to a [3]dendralene generates a dihydropyran carrying a semicyclic diene. This participates in a subsequent catalyst or substrate‐controlled Diels–Alder reaction to generate sp3‐rich fused polycyclic systems containing both heterocycles and carbocycles. Computational investigations reveal a concerted asynchronous mechanism. π‐Complexation of a diene C=C bond to Pd2+ occurs in both the pre‐transition state (TS) complex and in cycloaddition TSs, controlling stereoselectivity. A formal enantioselective [4+2]cycloaddition of a CO2 dienophile is demonstrated.
Oxidative Cyclodehydrogenation of Trinaphthylamine: Selective Formation of a Nitrogen‐Centered Polycyclic π‐System Comprising 5‐ and 7‐Membered Rings
Authors: Nebauer Johannes , Neiß Christian , Krug Marcel , Vogel Alexander , Fehn Dominik , Ozaki Shuhei , Rominger Frank , Meyer Karsten , Kamada Kenji , Guldi Dirk M. , Görling Andreas , Kivala Milan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe describe a new type of nitrogen‐centered polycyclic scaffold comprising a unique combination of 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐membered rings. The compound is accessible through an intramolecular oxidative cyclodehydrogenation of tri(1‐naphthyl)amine. To the best of our knowledge this is the very first example of a direct 3‐fold cyclization of a triarylamine under oxidative conditions. The unusual ring fusion motif is confirmed by X‐ray crystallography and the impact of cyclization on the electronic and photophysical properties is investigated both experimentally and theoretically based on density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations. The formation of the unexpected product is rationalized by detailed mechanistic studies on the DFT level. The results suggest the cyclization to occur under kinetic control via a dicationic mechanism.
Calcination‐regulated Microstructures of Donor‐Acceptor Polymers towards Enhanced and Stable Photocatalytic H2O2 Production in Pure Water
Authors: Yang Chao , Wan Sijie , Zhu Bicheng , Yu Jiaguo , Cao Shaowen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRegulating molecular structure of donor‐acceptor (D‐A) polymer is a promising strategy to improve photoactivity. Herein, a porous nanorod‐like D‐A polymer is synthesized via a strategy of supramolecular chemistry combined with subsequent calcination treatment. This polymer consists of benzene rings (D) and triazine (A) that are linked by amido bond (−CONH−). −CONH− further partially cracks into cyano groups (−C≡N) (A) under calcination. The ratio of benzene to triazine could be tuned to adjust the −C≡N content by varying the calcination atmosphere. Such regulation of molecular structure could modulate the band structure of D‐A polymer and endow it with unique porous nanorod‐like morphology, leading to the achievement of two‐electron oxygen reduction and two‐electron water oxidation and the improvement of exciton splitting, O2 adsorption and activation. These merits synergistically ensure a highly efficient and stable photocatalytic H2O2 production in pure water.
A Monocrystalline Coordination Polymer with Multiple Redox Centers as a High‐Performance Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Luo Yuwen , Liu Jinlong , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoordination polymers can take advantage of both transition metal redox and organic ligand redox, thus serving as promising cathodes with multiple redox centers toward higher‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we selected the high‐capacity carbonyl compound of chloranilic acid (CA) as organic ligand to coordinate with the high‐voltage Cu2+ as transition metal node and successfully synthesized copper(II) chloranilate (CuCA) with π–d conjugation, layered structure and monocrystalline nature. The resulting CuCA presents inorganic and organic redox centers, high electronic conductivity and fast Li+ diffusion kinetics, leading to high discharge capacity (297.0 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), excellent rate capability (160.6 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1) and good cycling stability (165.5 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 after 50 cycles) with quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte. This work will provide insightful understanding of the materials design strategies to develop more efficient coordination polymer cathodes for LIBs.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Thallusin for Bioactivity Profiling
Authors: Dhiman Seema , Ulrich Johann F. , Wienecke Paul , Wichard Thomas , Arndt Hans‐Dieter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChemical mediators are key compounds for controlling symbiotic interactions in the environment. Here, we disclose a fully stereoselective total synthesis of the algae differentiation factor (−)‐thallusin that utilizes sophisticated 6‐endo‐cyclization chemistry and effective late‐stage sp2–sp2‐couplings using non‐toxic reagents. An EC50 of 4.8 pM was determined by quantitative phenotype profiling in the green seaweed Ulva mutabilis (Chlorophyte), underscoring this potent mediator‘s enormous, pan‐species bioactivity produced by symbiotic bacteria. SAR investigations indicate that (−)‐thallusin triggers at least two different pathways in Ulva that may be separated by chemical editing of the mediator compound structure.
Arene‐Ruthenium(II)/Osmium(II) Complexes Potentiate the Anticancer Efficacy of Metformin via Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming
Authors: Yang Qi‐Yuan , Ma Rui , Gu Yun‐Qiong , Xu Xiao‐Fang , Chen Zhen‐Feng , Liang Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTargeting metabolic reprogramming to treat cancer could increase overall survival and reduce side effects. Here, we put forward a strategy using arene‐ruthenium(II)/osmium(II) complexes to potentiate the anticancer effect of metformin (Met.) via glucose metabolism reprogramming. Complexes 1–6 with oxoglaucine derivatives as ligands were synthesized and their anti‐tumor activities were tested under hypoglycemia. Results indicated that 2 and 5 potentiated the anticancer effects of Met. under hypoglycemia, exhibiting lower toxicity, slower blood glucose decline and inhibition of early tumor liver metastasis. Combination of 5 with Met. could be used as a new strategy to treat cancer under hypoglycemia through glucose metabolism reprogramming.
Metal‐Chelatable Porphyrinic Frameworks for Single‐Cell Multiplexing with Mass Cytometry
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wang Guocan , Wang Ping , Liu Juan , Shi Hongyu , Zhao Junjie , Zeng Xun , Luo Yingwu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSingle‐cell multiplexing is key to exploration of the heterogeneous cell populations in biological systems. Although the state‐of‐the‐art mass cytometry (CyTOF) possesses high resolution and multiple dimensions, the lack of suitable marker materials prohibits fully exploiting the available CyTOF detection channels. Here we report a new design strategy for CyTOF markers using functionalized mesoporous porphyrinic frameworks (MPFs) as scaffolds for chelating metals that have been unachievable by conventional approaches. We developed surface modification for stably dispersing the MPF nanoparticles (<40 nm) during the metalation and antibody conjugation processes. Our markers exhibit higher sensitivity and comparable specificity compared with a polymer‐based commercial benchmark. Compatibility with commercial markers during co‐staining was also confirmed. Furthermore, our markers show promising performance for immunophenotyping and potential implementation in CyTOF systems.
Encoding Morphogenesis of Quasi‐Triangular Gold Nanoprisms with DNA
Authors: Fang Weina , Wang Jiangming , Lu Shuang , Gu Qingyi , He Xiao , Wang Fei , Wang Lihua , Tian Yang , Liu Huajie , Fan Chunhai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProperties of gold nanoparticles vary with their morphologies. Typically, the research on the properties and applications of the nonequilibrium intermediates generated by the morphological evolution of triangular gold nanoprisms is still incomplete. Herein, we employ thiol‐DNA (HS‐DNA) to protect the low‐stability quasi‐nanoprisms with different truncation degrees (R values). The presence of HS‐DNA not only increases the stability of the quasi‐nanoprisms in different microenvironments, but also facilitates us to investigate their intrinsic plasmonic properties related to morphology. Additionally, we serve quasi‐nanoprisms loaded with HS‐DNA as assembly modules and nanoplatforms for programmable self‐assembly higher‐order hybrid structures, as well as carriers for encoding and decoding of orthogonal barcode‐like information, which opens new opportunities for developing novel building blocks for light manipulation at nanoscale.
A Self‐Assembled Cage Binding Iodide Anions over Other Halide Ions in Water
Authors: Wu Yating , Zhang Chi , Fang Shuai , Zhu Dingsheng , Chen Yixin , Ge Chenqi , Tang Hua , Li Hao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA triangular‐prism shaped cage was self‐assembled by the formation of a dynamic covalent bond, namely a hydrazone, in acidic aqueous solution. The hexacationic host bears a number of relatively acidic protons pointing inside the cage cavity, which is able to accommodate an iodide anion selectively in water over other halide anions such as F−, Cl−, and Br−, which are more hydrated. As a comparison, a macrocycle analogue bearing fewer positive charges and fewer hydrogen bond donors shows no anion binding ability. As inferred from the single‐crystal structure and theoretical calculations, the ability of the cage to selectively recognize iodide anions results from the combination of electrostatic forces, C−H⋅⋅⋅I−hydrogen bonds, and the hydrophobic effect.
Total Synthesis and Functional Evaluation of IORs, Sulfonolipid‐based Inhibitors of Cell Differentiation inSalpingoeca rosetta
Authors: Raguž Luka , Peng Chia‐Chi , Rutaganira Florentine U. N. , Krüger Thomas , Stanišić Aleksa , Jautzus Theresa , Kries Hajo , Kniemeyer Olaf , Brakhage Axel A. , King Nicole , Beemelmanns Christine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe choanoflagellateSalpingoeca rosettais an important model system to study the evolution of multicellularity. In this study we developed a new, modular, and scalable synthesis of sulfonolipid IOR‐1A (six steps, 27 % overall yield), which acts as bacterial inhibitor of rosette formation inS. rosetta. The synthesis features a decarboxylative cross‐coupling reaction of a sulfonic acid‐containing tartaric acid derivative with alkyl zinc reagents. Synthesis of 15 modified IOR‐1A derivatives, including fluorescent and photoaffinity‐based probes, allowed quantification of IOR‐1A, localization studies withinS. rosettacells, and evaluation of structure‐activity relations. In a proof of concept study, an inhibitory bifunctional probe was employed in proteomic profiling studies, which allowed to deduce binding partners in bacteria andS. rosetta. These results showcase the power of synthetic chemistry to decipher the biochemical basis of cell differentiation processes withinS. rosetta.
Experimental study on seepage flow characteristics of leaked molten salt in foundation fillers in concentrating solar power plants
Authors: Zhang Mingrui , Zuo Yuhang , Yu Xinfeng , Zhang Ao , Zhou Hao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe leakage of molten salt storage tanks in concentrating solar power plants has attracted much attention. This paper focused on seepage and migration characteristics of molten salt in the thermal‐steady foundation fillers with different configurations after leakage occurs through a self‐built experimental system modeling the actual leaking process. The results show that the thermal insulation of light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) as foundation fillers is better than that of sand and gravel. When the operating temperature is 565°C, the average temperatures of each layer of LECA, sand, and gravel are 131.73°C, 141.91°C, and 149.27°C, respectively. And the seepage depths in light expanded clay aggregate, sand, and gravel are 482 mm, 223 mm, and 270 mm, respectively. It is found that the seepage depth of molten salt distinctly increases with higher operating temperature in all kinds of fillers. Nevertheless, the seepage depth of molten salt in the multi‐layer fillers diminishes with the increase of the thickness of the sand or gravel layer. The results obtained from this research would be helpful for the engineering design of storage tank foundations and reduce economic losses and the complexity of accident handling.
Behavior study of a thermo‐responsive hydrophobically associative water‐soluble terpolymer in laboratory test with heavy crude oil
Authors: Torres‐Martínez Joseline G. , Pérez‐Alvarez Marissa , Jiménez‐Regalado Enrique J. , St Thomas Claude , Alonso‐Martínez Fernando 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, a thermo‐responsive hydrophobically associative water‐soluble terpolymer was prepared and evaluated as polymer flooding in laboratory tests versus a heavy crude oil from a carbonated reservoir in southern Mexico. Terpolymer of acrylamide, N‐isopropylacrylamide and N,N′‐dihexylacrylamide were synthesized via micellar free radical polymerization. Reaction was carried out at 50°C using sodium dodecyl sulfonate as surfactant and 4‐(4′‐azobis)cyanovaleric acid as initiator. The terpolymer was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. Steady shear viscosity of polymer solutions at different concentrations was determined in the presence of NaCl (from 1 to 5 wt%) at different temperatures (from 25 to 120°C). Heavy crude oil sample was characterized and revealed a viscosity of 2. 26 Pa s, 10.21° API with a content of Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, Asphaltenes of 26.4, 38.5, 22.3, and 12.8, respectively. The crude oil recovery of polymer at 2 and 3 wt% revealed a surface tensions of 49.6 and 48.2 mN × m and adsorption capacities of 1.33 and 1.77 wt%. Finally, polymer solutions at 2 and 3 wt% showed a contact angle between 29.6 and 26.5° and a crude oil recovery of 68.3 and 75.3%, respectively.
An approach for the compatibility of thermoplastic starch/poly (lactic acid) blends using an ester obtained from glycerol and tall oil fatty acids
Authors: Murillo Edwin A. , Ararat Carlos A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work reports the compatibilization of thermoplastic starch (TPS)/polylactic acid (PLA) blends with a glycerol ester (GE), obtained by modifying glycerol with tall oil fatty acids. The proportions of TPS/PLA studied were 50/50 and 70/30, with the GE amounts from 0 (control sample), 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%. The effect of the compatibilizer on the structural, thermal, rheological, morphological, mechanical and biodegradation properties of the blends was evaluated. Ultraviolet visible (UV–Vis) analysis of the blends showed that GE improved the light transmission resistance of the materials. The presence of GE resulted in decreased glass transition temperature (Tg) and complex viscosity (η*) values for the blends as opposed to the control sample. Furthermore, η* decreased with the increase in GE content and the η* values were lower than 105 Pa.s. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis revealed that GE improved the interfacial adhesion between TPS and PLA. The tensile modulus (149–414 MPa), tensile strength (5.60–11.6 MPa) and the biodegradability of the blends decreased with GE content, but the water resistance showed an opposite behavior. The GE acted as a plasticizer, compatibilizer and antioxidant for TPS/PLA blends.
A systematic compendium of turtle mandibular anatomy using digital dissections of soft tissue and osteology
Authors: Evers Serjoscha W. , Ponstein Jasper , Jansen Maren A. , Gray Jaimi A. , Fröbisch Jörg 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTurtles are a charismatic reptile group with a peculiar body plan, which most notably includes the shell. Anatomists have often focused descriptive efforts on the shell and other strongly derived body parts, such as the akinetic skull, or the cervical vertebrae. Other parts of turtle osteology, like the girdles, limbs, and mandibles, are documented with less rigor and detail. The mandible is the primary skeletal element involved in food acquisition and initial food processing of turtles, and its features are thus likely linked to feeding ecology. In addition, the mandible of turtles is composed of up to seven bones (sometimes fused to as little as three) and has thus anatomical complexity that may be insightful for systematic purposes and phylogenetic research. Despite apparent complexity and diversity to the mandible of turtles, this anatomical system has not been systematically studied, not even in search of characters that might improve phylogenetic resolution. Here, we describe the mandibular osteology for all major subclades of extant turtles with the help of digitally dissected 3D models derived from high‐resolution computed tomography (μCT) scans of 70 extant species. We provide 31 fully segmented mandibles, as well as 3D models of the mandibular musculature, innervation, and arterial circulation of the cryptodire Dermatemys mawii. We synthesize observed variation into 51 morphological characters, which we optimize onto a molecular phylogeny. This analysis shows some mandibular characters to have high systematic value, whereas others are highly homoplastic and may underlie ecological influences or other factors invoking variation.
Toward High Energy Density Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives
Authors: Lee Sangyeop , Hwang Jongha , Song Woo‐Jin , Park Soojin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising next‐generation battery system which can mitigate the prevailing issues on the conventional lithium‐ion batteries. However, insufficient energy density with low operating voltage prevents the practical utilization of the aqueous system. Notably, aqueous ZIBs suffer from electrolyte decomposition due to its narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) for 1.23 V. Also, studies on cathode active materials that store charge at an elevated voltage region is still in the initial stage. In this perspective, we cover the recent strategies for developing high‐voltage aqueous ZIBs. First, electrolyte designs for expanding the ESW of an aqueous electrolyte are introduced based on their characterization, materials, and working mechanisms. Next, we propose the cathode active materials with high‐working voltage. Furthermore, studies on zinc anodes are also briefly presented. Lastly, we summarize the as‐reported strategies and provide insight for developing future ZIBs.
The valine‐based N‐doped carbon dots with high peroxidase‐like activity
Authors: Li Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeveloping artificial nanoparticles with peroxidase‐like activity have attracted great interests because their catalytic activity is not easy to lose under harsh conditions compared with natural enzymes. In this work, the N‐doped carbon dots (CDs) were prepared; it was found that the N‐doped CDs showed high peroxidase‐like catalytic activity towards the reaction system of hydrogen peroxide:3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The catalytic mechanism of the N‐doped CDs was explored using electron spin resonance spectra, cyclic voltammetry methods and simulation of density functional theory calculations. This work can offer a new feasible method for synthesizing N‐doped carbon quantum dots used as artificial peroxidases in biological and environment applications.