bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CEO duality and firm performance: A systematic review and research agenda
Authors: Yu Mei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper systematically reviews 314 empirical studies that examine the relationship between board leadership structure and firm performance. The results show that the mixed research findings are due to different firm performance measurements, research designs, sampling practices and approaches of dealing with endogeneity issues. Studies utilizing multiple‐country data, multinational companies, small firms or regions covering Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and South America are under‐represented. It critiques the methodological weaknesses of some empirical studies and proposes that future researchers should use multiple firm performance measurements, a longitudinal research design and an integrative framework to better control the direct and moderating factors. Future researchers may advance the robustness of research by using multiple theoretical lenses to consider how various governance factors moderate the relationship between board leadership structure and firm performance, particularly the different ownership structures, managerial discretion contexts and national institutional factors.
Alginate‐based coatings charged with hydroxyapatite and quercetin for fresh‐cut papaya shelf life
Authors: Montone Angela Michela Immacolata , Malvano Francesca , Pham Phuong Ly , Cinquanta Luciano , Capparelli Rosanna , Capuano Federico , Albanese Donatella 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn this study, the effect of alginate‐based coatings charged with quercetin glycoside compounds and hydroxyapatite/quercetin glycoside compounds (HA/QUE) on the microbiological quality, and on bioactive compounds of fresh‐cut papaya, was evaluated for 14 days at 6 °C. Alginate coatings with hydroxyapatite/quercetin showed a high capability to slow down the growth of all microbiological parameters investigated. At the end of cold storage, the total bacteria count in papaya samples covered with HA/QUE alginate coating was 4.8 log CFU g−1 which is significantly lower (P < 0.05) than 8.3 log CFU g−1 for uncoated samples. Total carotenoids’ percentage decrease, at the end of storage, was about 20% in papaya with active coatings, with respect to the losses of 39 and 35%, registered in uncoated and alginate‐coated samples respectively. Vitamin C content and the antioxidant activity measured in papaya coated with HA/QUE alginate showed significantly higher values (P < 0.05) for each storage day than those detected for control‐ and alginate‐coated samples. Based on the sensory evaluation, active‐coated fresh‐cut papaya reached, at the end of the storage period, suitable values for commercial purposes.
Tannic acid modulated the wall compactness of cinnamaldehyde‐loaded microcapsules and enhanced inhibitory effect on Aspergillus brasiliensis
Authors: Liu Bingjie , Wang Xinshuo , Lu Lin , Wen Quan , Zhang Xiaoming , Swing Caleb John , Xia Shuqin 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe evaluation of antifungal properties in cinnamaldehyde (CA)‐loaded microcapsules is significant to clarify potential food applications in various food matrices and systems. The impact of tannic acid (TA) crosslinking on the release and the antifungal properties of CA microcapsules was investigated based on gelatin/gum Acacia complex coacervates. The inhibition zone diameter of microencapsulated CA against Aspergillus brasiliensis was dependent on the TA addition and retained 26.1 ± 0.1 mm after 180‐day storage at 25 °C. Specifically, TA enhanced hydrogen bond interactions between the microcapsule wall materials and favoured a sustained release of CA during the incubation with Aspergillus brasiliensis. Meanwhile, confocal laser scanning microscopic observation revealed that the microstructure of multinuclear microcapsules was more compact and intact under the crosslinking of 0.4% TA. The comparation of microscopic morphology and membrane potential of Aspergillus brasiliensis exerted a synergistic antifungal effect between CA and TA crosslinked microcapsules.
A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on a MoS2/peanut shell carbon complex coated with AuNPs and nitrogen‐doped carbon dots for selective and rapid detection of benzo(a)pyrene
Authors: Chi Hai , Li Yujie , Liu Guoqin 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn this study, a new electrochemical strategy based on the fabrication of a molecularly imprinted sensor onto a MoS2‐loaded peanut shell carbon complex with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (N‐CDs) was proposed for the detection of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) films were prepared by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole (2‐MBI) as a functional monomer in the presence of BaP. The surface morphologies, structural characteristics and electrochemical properties of the obtained MIP/AuNPs/N‐CDs/PSBC/MoS2/GCE were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive spectrometry (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis spectrometry, fluorescence spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under the optimised conditions, the detection range of the electrode towards BaP varied from 5 nM to 20 μM with a detection limit of 1.5 nM. The prepared electrochemical sensor also exhibited good stability, relevant reproducibility and high selectivity. The application of the sensor in the actual analysis of edible oil samples showed promising results, thereby being relevant as a biomimetic sensing platform for the detection of chemical hazards in food and environment.
Effect of alternating magnetic field on the quality of fresh‐cut apples in cold storage
Authors: Lv Liping , Jin Yamei , Yang Na , Zhang Lingtao , Cui Bo , Xu Xueming , Jin Zhengyu 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThis study evaluated the inhibitory effect of alternating magnetic field (MF) on enzymatic browning, physicochemical properties and microbial proliferation of fresh‐cut apples during cold storage. The results showed that after 9‐day storage, the browning index of apple slices increased by 174.07% in the conventional refrigerated group but by only 132.32% in the alternating MF group, the total number of colonies in the alternating MF group was 1.32 log CFU g−1, less than that in the conventional refrigerated samples. The soluble solids and firmness of the MF group were 16.47% and 28.79% higher than those of the control group. The alternating MF significantly inhibited the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) and exerted a significant effect on the tertiary structure of enzymes. Except for maintaining the good sensory quality, the MF also suppressed the growth of microorganisms in fresh‐cut apples and extended their shelf life by at least 2 days.
Germinated high‐resistant starch rice: A potential novel functional food
Authors: Liu Tian , Zhou Yufeng , Wu Dianxing , Chen Qihe , Shu Xiaoli 
Published: May 2022

SummaryHigh‐resistant starch rice has been showing great potent in preventing diabetes but with inferior eating quality. Germinated brown rice (GBR) shows improved eating quality, GBR intake can reduce the risk of some chronic diseases and is beneficial for human health. Germination treatment might be a good solution to the dilemma between nutrition and sensory qualities. To deepen the understanding on the physiochemical properties of high RS rice during germination and widen the applications of high RS rice in functional food industry. The rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant RS4 (RS ca.10.3%), GZ93 (RS ca.0.1%) and the wild‐type R7954 (RS ca.1.6%) were used to investigate the primary physicochemical properties, antioxidant and functional substances after germination. After germination, though the contents of RS were decreased in R7954, GZ93 and RS4, the RS content in RS4 was still as high as 4.09%. Meantime, RS4 exhibited pronouncedly enhanced lipids, free glucose, polyphenolic compositions, flavonoid, GABA and β‐glucan contents after germination. Germination treatment decreased the gelatinisation temperature of RS4, made RS4 cooked easier but maintained lower digestibility and higher nutrients. Germinated RS4 with high RS content might be potent in food industry as antioxidant, hypolipidaemic and immune‐enhancing ingredients.
RASSF4 inhibits cell proliferation and increases drug sensitivity in colorectal cancer through YAP/Bcl‐2 pathway
Authors: Han Yong , Zhang Xiaotang , Guan Minmin , Huo Cheng , Yu Chunlin , Hu Bin , Cai Jianjun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe RASSF family proteins have been implicated in the development of human cancers. To date, the expression pattern and biological significance of RASSF4 in colorectal cancers (CRC) have not been fully investigated. In the current study, we explored expression pattern of RASSF4 in 118 CRC specimens and 30 adjacent ‘normal’ colon tissues by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that RASSF4 was downregulated in CRC tissues compared with adjacent ‘normal’ tissues. RASSF4 downregulation significantly associated with advanced tumour‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, T status, positive node status and high Ki‐67 index. Analysis of TCGA dataset also supported RASSF4 downregulation in CRC tissues. Ectopically expressed RASSF4 in LoVo cells inhibited cell growth, colony formation, cell cycle progression and increased the sensitivity to 5‐FU treatment. Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay showed that RASSF4 overexpression increased 5‐FU‐induced apoptosis and downregulated the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, Western blot demonstrated that RASSF4 overexpression repressed YAP and Bcl‐2 while upregulating p21 expression. YAP knockdown abolished the role of RASSF4 on Bcl‐2. ChIP assay showed that TEAD4, a major YAP binding transcription factor, could bind to the promoter regions of Bcl‐2. In conclusion, our data showed that RASSF4 was downregulated in human CRC. RASSF4 regulated malignant behaviour through YAP/Bcl‐2 signalling in CRC cells.
Atrophic papulosis (Köhlmeier–Degos disease) revisited: a cross‐sectional study on 105 patients
Authors: Kaleta K.P. , Jarienė V. , Theodoridis A. , Nikolakis G. , Zouboulis C.C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtrophic papulosis is a very rare vascular disease of unknown pathogenesis, mostly described by case reports.ObjectiveTo assess demographic data and prognosis in patients with atrophic papulosis.MethodsA single‐centre study was performed on a series of 105 patients with atrophic papulosis, diagnosed 2000–2021. Patients were referred and diagnosed at the evaluation centre and patients' clinical data were provided by the Degos Support Network and evaluated by the authors for confirming the diagnosis of skin lesions and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for a malignant subset. A unique set of variables were collected from all patients.ResultsThe mean age of disease onset was 33.3 ± 18.3 years and the male‐to‐female ratio was 1:1.6. The family history rate was 8.1%. The classification into a benign, merely cutaneous disease (benign atrophic papulosis), and malignant atrophic papulosis, associating cutaneous and visceral lesions was confirmed due to their striking prognostic difference. Benign atrophic papulosis was detected in 41% of the patients with no deaths occurring throughout the follow‐up period (median 3.00 years; range 0.13–23). Malignant atrophic papulosis was reported in 59% of patients with 47.5% multisystemic involvement and a median skin lesion onset to systemic symptoms duration of 0.54 years (−6 to 20). The gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system were equally involved; however, the neurological involvement‐caused death rate was slightly higher. The disease‐specific mortality rate of malignant atrophic papulosis was 22.6%.ConclusionsAtrophic papulosis presents with a striking prognostic difference of benign – merely cutaneous – involvement or quickly developing – into less than 1 year – malignant subset, associating cutaneous and visceral lesions and multiorgan involvement in 1/2 of the patients, which leads to premature, disease‐specific mortality in 1/4 of the cases. Central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract complications are the major reasons for disease‐specific death. Over the years, the diagnosis of severe nervous system involvement has become more common.
The association of six autoimmune bullous diseases with thyroid disorders: a population‐based study
Authors: Kridin K. , Hübner F. , Linder R. , Schmidt E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association of autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) with thyroid disorders remains to be profoundly investigated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the epidemiological association between six AIBDs and thyroid disorders.MethodsA population‐based cross‐sectional study enrolled patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP), mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), pemphigoid gestationis (PG), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF). Patients with these six AIBDs were compared with six age‐ and sex‐matched control groups regarding the prevalence of thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for thyroid disorders.ResultsThe study population included 1,743, 251, 106, 126, 860 and 103 patients with BP, MMP, EBA, PG, PV and PF respectively. The corresponding control groups consisted of 10,141, 1,386, 606, 933, 5,142 and 588 matched controls respectively. A significant association was found between thyroiditis and BP (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.18–3.35; P = 0.010), MMP (OR, 7.02; 95% CI, 1.87–26.33; P = 0.004) and PV (OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.45–5.15; P = 0.002). With regards to hyperthyroidism, PF was the only AIBD to demonstrate significant comorbidity (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.13–5.21; P = 0.024). EBA and PG were not found to cluster with any of the investigated thyroid conditions.ConclusionPatients with BP, MMP, PV and PF experience an elevated burden of thyroid disorders. Patients with these AIBDs presenting with suggestive symptoms may be carefully screened for comorbid thyroid disorders.
The effect of lime oil emulsion on seed germination, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of hydroponic baby green oak lettuce for the assurance of safety from farm to fork
Authors: Parichanon Prangthip , Promwee Athakorn , Songsamoe Sumethee , Matan Narumol 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of soaking lettuce seeds in a lime oil emulsion at 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 μl/ml before growing them in a hydroponic plantation. After harvesting baby lettuce at Day 21, all lettuce was kept inside the refrigerator (4 ± 2°C) for the next 7 days. The microbiological quality and the antioxidant properties of lettuce were also investigated. The results revealed that while lime oil emulsion at 10 μl/ml had no effect on seed germination, it delayed the growth of black spot molds and reduced the incidence and severity of black spot fungal disease in baby lettuce by around 87.5%. The morphology of Alternaria sp. and Cercospora sp. shows ruptured conidia and shriveled and damaged mycelium, with a decrease in fungal infection in baby lettuce. In addition, α‐terpineol (~53%) was identified from treated baby lettuce after 21 days that was able to inhibit growth of molds. Regarding the microbial eating quality of baby lettuce, mesophiles (~3.0 log10 CFU/g), psychrophiles (~3.6 log10 CFU/g), total coliforms (~1.3 log10 CFU/g), total yeast and mold (~2.0 log10 CFU/g) and lactic acid bacteria (~3.7 log10 CFU/g) were significantly reduced in the treated lettuce. The antioxidant capacity in the treated lettuce was higher than the control and maintained stability without affecting its leafy green color and chlorophyll content. This finding is critical for horticulture, particularly in hydroponic vegetable farming. It can be applied in food safety from farm to fork.
An Integrative Model of the Role of Structural, Behavioural, and Cognitive Coordination in Intergroup Effectiveness: How Middle Managers Play a Role
Authors: Porck Jeanine Pieternel , van Knippenberg Daan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoordinating interdependent teams' effective performance of joint tasks presents serious challenges to organizations and their middle managers. But an integrative theoretical understanding of how to coordinate such intergroup effectiveness and what role middle managers play is missing. Consolidating three separate literatures, we develop an integrative framework of the role of and interactions between structural, behavioural, and cognitive coordination in intergroup effectiveness. We propose that behavioural coordination through middle manager boundary spanning and cognitive coordination through intergroup strategic consensus (shared understanding of strategy between teams) can substitute for structural coordination (i.e., when teams do not share division membership). Moreover, we hypothesize that behavioural coordination and cognitive coordination strengthen each other in improving intergroup effectiveness. Multisource data on 188 intergroup dyads support our predictions. Our integrative framework elucidates how these coordination mechanisms combine in driving intergroup effectiveness and suggests that middle managers and their boundary spanning have a critical role in modern team‐based organizations.
Suicide bereavement in the UK: Descriptive findings from a national survey
Authors: McDonnell Sharon , Flynn Sandra , Shaw Jenny , Smith Shirley , McGale Barry , Hunt Isabelle M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThose bereaved by suicide are a high‐risk group of adverse health outcomes and suicidal behavior, yet little is known about the experiences and support needs of these individuals in the UK.MethodsWe conducted a national cross‐sectional study using an online survey and analyzed the experiences of 7158 participants who had been bereaved or affected by suicide.ResultsSuicide had a major impact on 77% of participants, including those who had lost a friend and those exposed to suicide at a professional level. Mental and physical health problems linked to the suicide were reported in half. Adverse social outcomes and engaging in high‐risk behaviors following the suicide were common. Over a third reported suicidal ideation and 8% had attempted suicide as a direct result of the suicide loss. Most had not accessed support services, with the majority viewing provision of local suicide bereavement support as inadequate.ConclusionsOur results highlight the need for a multi‐disciplinary approach in postvention and the provision of proactive outreach to support those bereaved by suicide. Postvention efforts need to acknowledge the death of a friend by suicide as a significant loss.
Statins effect on insulin resistance after a meal and exercise in hypercholesterolemic pre‐diabetic individuals
Authors: Alvarez‐Jimenez Laura , Morales‐Palomo Felix , Moreno‐Cabañas Alfonso , Ortega Juan Fernando , Mora‐Rodriguez Ricardo 
Published: May 2022

AimTo study if statins, a widely prescribed, inexpensive medication to prevent coronary artery diseases may cause insulin resistance (IR).MethodsFasted (HOMA‐IR) and post‐meal insulin resistance were assessed in 21 pre‐diabetic hypercholesterolemic individuals treated with statins (STA trial). Measurements were compared to another trial conducted 96 h after statin withdrawal using placebo pills (PLAC trial). Trials were duplicated 16–18 h after a bout of moderate‐intensity exercise (500 kcal of energy expenditure) to reduce IR and better appreciate statin effects (EXER+STA and EXER+PLAC trials).ResultsStatin withdrawal did not affect fasting (HOMA‐IR; 2.35 ± 1.05 vs. 2.18 ± 0.87 for STA vs. PLAC trials; p = 0.150) or post‐meal insulin resistance (i.e., Matsuda‐index, STA 6.23 ± 2.83 vs. PLAC 6.49 ± 3.74; p = 0.536). A bout of aerobic exercise lowered post‐meal IR (p = 0.043), but statin withdrawal did not add to the exercise actions (p = 0.564). Statin withdrawal increased post‐meal plasma free glycerol concentrations (0.136 ± 0.073 vs. 0.185 ± 0.090 mmol·L−1 for STA vs. PLAC trials; p < 0.001) but not plasma free fatty acids or fat oxidation (p = 0.981, and p = 0.621, respectively). Post‐meal fat oxidation was higher in the exercise trials (p = 0.002).ConclusionsWithdrawal of statin medication does not affect fasting or post‐meal insulin resistance in pre‐diabetic hypercholesterolemic individuals. Furthermore, statin use does not interfere with the beneficial effects of exercise on lowering IR.
Outer retinal thickness and visibility of the choriocapillaris in four distinct retinal regions imaged with spectral domain optical coherence tomography in dogs and cats
Authors: Mischi Elisa , Soukup Petr , Harman Christine D. , Oikawa Kazuya , Kowalska Malwina E. , Hartnack Sonja , McLellan Gillian J. , Komáromy András M. , Pot Simon A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the outer retinal band thickness and choriocapillaris (CC) visibility in four distinct retinal regions in dogs and cats imaged with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT). To attempt delineation of a fovea‐like region in canine and feline SD‐OCT scans, aided by the identification of outer retinal thickness differences between retinal regions.MethodsSpectralis® HRA + OCT SD‐OCT scans from healthy, anesthetized dogs (n = 10) and cats (n = 12) were analyzed. Scanlines on which the CC was identifiable were counted and CC visibility was scored. Outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and the distances from external limiting membrane (ELM) to retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane complex (RPE/BM) and ELM to CC were measured in the area centralis (AC), a visually identified fovea‐like region, and in regions superior and inferior to the optic nerve head (ONH). Measurements were analyzed using a multilevel regression.ResultsThe CC was visible in over 90% of scanlines from dogs and cats. The ONL was consistently thinnest in the fovea‐like region. The outer retina (ELM‐RPE and ELM‐CC) was thickest within the AC compared with superior and inferior to the ONH in dogs and cats (p < .001 for all comparisons).ConclusionsThe CC appears a valid, albeit less than ideal outer retinal boundary marker in tapetal species. The AC can be objectively differentiated from the surrounding retina on SD‐OCT images of dogs and cats; a fovea‐like region was identified in dogs and its presence was suggested in cats. These findings allow targeted imaging and image evaluation of these regions of retinal specialization.
Phase Change Material Behavior in Finite Thickness Slabs Under a Step Response Heat
Authors: Deckard Michael , Sharar Darin J. , Fish Michael , Shamberger Patrick J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) can provide thermal buffering to systems that experience transient heat loads, including electronics and optoelectronics packaging. Placing the PCM in the primary path of heat rejection decreases the thermal resistance between the heat source and the PCM volume, but increases the total thermal resistance between the heat source and heat sink. In systems that operate in both steady-state and transient regimes, this introduces tradeoffs between cooling performance in these distinct regimes. Employing a conductive finite volume model, Parapower, we investigate those tradeoffs considering the impact of adding a layer of gallium (Ga), a low melting point metal, and a layer of copper (Cu) between a planar heat source and a convective boundary condition heatsink. We demonstrate: (1) side-by-side comparisons of latent (Ga) and sensible (Cu) heat storage layers must consider different layer thicknesses to account for the different thermal storage mechanisms, (2) for short periods of time, conditions exist in which a PCM outperforms a traditional heat sink for transient thermal buffering at an equivalent steady-state temperature rise, and (3) under these conditions, the Ga layer is approximately an order of magnitude thinner than the equivalent Cu, leading to significant mass and volume savings.