bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method for treatment of complex polydactyly: modified on-top plasty technique
Authors: Liao Wei , Jiang Li , Fan Minjie , Zheng Pengfei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Congenital polydactyly is a common deformity of the limbs, and excision of the extra digit has shown good results in the vast majority of patients. However, this treatment approach may not suitable for all cases of polydactyly. For rare types of complex polydactyly, some complex surgical procedures are required to achieve satisfactory correction. The aim of this study was to report a rare type of polydactyly and to describe a novel method that is modified on-top plasty technique for treating it.Results: We performed the first osteotomy at the neck of the metatarsal bone by “grafting” the distal polydactyl digit with the normal axis to the 5th metatarsal bone. Excision of the duplicated toe was accompanied by simultaneous restoration of the 5th toe axis and decrease in the width of the forefoot. Finally, both appearance and function could be improved with this surgical approach. Most importantly, the complete osteoarticular structure and weight-bearing structure of foot were well reconstructed.Conclusions: The modified on-top plasty technique is an effective method for treating this rare type of polydactyly, and it is hoped that this method could provide important assistance in making treatment decision in similar situation in the future.
Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and metabolites are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Dinglan Wu , Liu Pengyu , Wang Wenxuan , Wang Fei , Fan Jiaqi , Guo Jinan , Wu Tao , Lu Dongliang , Zhou Qingchun , Liu Zhuohao , Wang Yuliang , Shang Zhiqun , Chan Franky Leung , Yang Wei , Li Xin , Zhao Shanchao , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current diagnosis tools for prostate cancer, such as serum PSA detection and prostate biopsy cannot distinguish dormant tumors from invasive malignancies, either be used as prognosis markers for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Exosomes have been widely investigated as promising biomarkers for various diseases. We aim to characterize the proteomic and metabolomic profiles of exosomes and to evaluate their potential value for the PCa diagnosis, especially CRPC. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed for plasma-derived exosomes collected from tumor-free controls, PCa and CRPC patients. The expression of specific exosomal proteins was further validated by targeted 4D-parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. The levels of exosome-derived LRG1 and ITIH3 in the CRPC group were 1.7 and 2.04 times respectively, higher than those in the PCa group (ROC values, 0.84 and 0.85), indicating that LRG1 and ITIH3 could serve as predictive markers for CRPC. For metabolomic evaluation of exosomes, a series of differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and a combined metabolite panel showed a ROC value of 0.94 for distinguishing PCa from TFC and 0.97 for distinguishing CRPC from PCa. Immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray showed that LRG1 protein was significantly upregulated in advanced prostate cancer and functional assay revealed that ectopic expression of LRG1 significantly enhance the malignant phenotype of PCa cells. Furthermore, PCa cell-derived LRG1-overexpressed exosomes remarkably promoted angiogenesis. In conclusion, our results indicated that proteomic and metabolic signatures of exosomes may facilitate discrimination of CRPC from PCa and TFC patients as potential markers. Exosomal LRG1 may involve in PCa malignant progression.
Influence of cancer in pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: An observational retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Xuan , Zhang Chen , Zhu Jialei , Li Yueyan , Tang Jing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Thus far, no large-scale clinical study on pregnancy with cancer has been conducted in China. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the oncological characteristics and treatment of pregnancy-associated cancers, and analyze the obstetric and neonatal outcomes to provide evidence-based recommendations for reproductive function preservation, oncological treatment, and obstetric management in pregnancy-associated cancer.Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study among pregnant patients with cancer in 7 Chinese tertiary A hospitals during 2003–2021. We conducted multiple logistic regression to determine the influence of various factors on preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age infants, log-binomial regression to analyze temporal changes, and chi-square tests to explore the effects of cancer type/treatment.Results: Of 204 women, 17% terminated their pregnancies; 59% received pre-delivery treatment. Every 6 years, the rates of pregnancy termination ([RR]: 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35–0.67) and iatrogenic preterm births (RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54–0.98) reduced, and that of pre-delivery treatment increased, mainly due to increased rates of surgery (RR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.31–2.67). Maternal systemic diseases were related to a higher risk of small-for-gestational-age infants ([OR]: 12.02, 95% CI: 1.82–79.43). Chemotherapy with taxanes plus platinum-based agents was related to adverse obstetric outcomes (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.42–2.46, P < 0.05). Thyroid (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.22–0.57) and ovarian cancer (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50–0.98) were associated with fewer cesarean sections. Thyroid cancer was associated with fetal growth restriction (OR: 5.21, 95% CI: 1.21–22.55).Conclusions: Rates of pregnancy termination in cancer have declined. Taxane plus platinum-based chemotherapy was associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. Cancer type influenced outcomes.
The Magnitude of Diabetic Macular Edema and Its Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-West Ethiopia, 2021." A Hospital Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tilahun Melkamu , Yitbarek Getachew Yideg , Taderegew Mitku Mammo , Alem Dejene Tsegaye , Gedfew Mihretie , Akalu Tadesse Yirga , Amha Haile , Bishaw Keralem Anteneh , Alamneh Yoseph Merkeb , Awoke Engdaw Tsehay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetic macular oedema (DME) is the most common causes of vision loss in diabetics. Despite the fact that the global prevalence of DME is growing, no studies on the burden and risk factors of diabetic macular edema have been conducted in Ethiopia. The goal of this research was to look into the magnitude of diabetic macular edema and its associated factors among diabetic patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-West Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with 426 participants was done. They were obtained using a systematic sampling method. The explanatory data was collected from a review the medical records. The subjects' blood pressure, weight, height, and visual acuity were already assessed. Optical coherence tomography has been used to evaluate the funds. For analysis, data was entered into epi-data 3.1 versions and exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 25) program. For factor analyses, binary logistic regression with a 95% confidence level was used.
Result
Diabetic macular edema was diagnosed in 26.3% of the 426 individuals. There's none- clinically significant macula oedema in 84 (75%) of them. Visual acuity had been a problem for half of diabetic patients (43.4%). Macular edema was strongly associated with poor glycemic management (AOR (95% CI: 2.97 (1.86,9.76)), hypertension (AOR (95% CI: 2.55 (1.64,6.12)), and longer diabetic duration (AOR ( 95% CI: 3.15 (1.78,7.52)).
Conclusion and recommendation
: Macular oedema is ubiquitous in diabetic patients (26.3%). Diabetic macular edema was found to be positively associated with poor glycemic control, being hypertensive, and having a long history of diabetic illness. Routine assessment of funds, early treatment, health promotion, and early control of risk factors may all be critical in lowering the prevalence and impact of diabetic macular edema.
DeltaMSI: Artificial Intelligence-based modeling of microsatellite instability scoring by next- generation sequencing
Authors: Swaerts Koen , Dedeurwaerdere Franceska , Smet Dieter , De Jaeger Peter , Martens Geert A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) testing is crucial for detection of microsatellite unstable (MSI) tumors eligible for immunotherapy. MSI is detected by aberrant indel length distributions of microsatellite marker loci, either by operator-dependent visual inspection of PCR-fragment length profiles or by automated scoring using bioinformatic scripts on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. The former is time consuming and low-throughput while the latter provides simplified binary scoring of a single parameter, typically the number of discrete integrated peaks of the indel distribution. The aim of this study was to leverage the multi-parametric visual scoring of complex indel distribution panels and high-throughput of automated NGS data analysis into a script trained by artificial intelligence and validate it on a large real-world data set of solid tumors.Results: A script (DeltaMSI) was developed that integrates the full complexity of indel distribution (number of peaks, relative distribution and area under the curve). It was trained on the indel distribution of 36 widely used microsatellite marker loci in a dataset of 133 MMR proficient (pMMR) and 46 dMMR tumor samples, taking loss of MLH1/MSH2/PMS2/MSH6 protein expression measured by immunohistochemistry as independent reference technique. After selection of the optimal modelling and marker panel, the two top-performing models per locus (logistic regression and support vector machine) were then integrated into DeltaMSI for combined prediction of MSI status on 28 marker loci at sample level. A bootstrapping method of 50 simulations was used for training and the final model was evaluated on an independent validation set. Diagnostic performance of DeltaMSI was compared to that of mSINGS, a widely used script for NGS-based MSI detection, with the same bootstrapping method. Finally, we tested the robustness of the optimal model on a large set (N=1072) of unselected, consecutive solid tumor samples in a real-world setting and fine-tuned the thresholding for routine clinical use. Conclusions: DeltaMSI achieved higher robustness at equal diagnostic power (AUC=0.950; 95% CI 0.910-0.976) as compared to mSINGS (AUC=0.876;95%CI 0.823-0.918). Its sensitivity of 90% at 98% specificity indicated its clinical potential for high-throughput MSI screening in all tumor types. Clinical Trial Number/IRB: B1172020000040, Ethical Committee, AZ Delta General Hospital
A 6-month prognostic nomogram incorporating hemoglobin level for intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults
Authors: Yang Yuyan , Huang Shanshan , Jia Yuchao , Song Guini , Ye Xiaodong , Lu Kai , Li Guo , Wang Furong , Zhu Suiqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective—Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke with higher mortality and morbidity, and it lacks effective 6-month prognostic markers,especially in young patients.The aim of this research is to construct a newly valuable prognostic nomogram model incorporating hemoglobin level for young patients with ICH.Method—Patients aged between 18 and 50 years with first-ever intracerebral hemorrhageselected from Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January1,2012 to December 31,2018.We retrospectively analyzed 565 young patients with ICH. The independent factors of prognosis were identiﬁed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then，based on independent risk factors,a new nomogram model was further constructed and validated. Its clinical value was subsequently explored utilizing decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve.Results—A total of 565 patients were enrolled in this study.There were 117 patients (20.7%) who developed unfavourable prognosis. Infratentorial lesion(adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=3.708,95%confidence interval [CI],1.490-9.227; P=0.005)was most signiﬁcant with unfavourable outcome.Age([aOR]=1.054;95%CI,1.014-1.096;P=0.008),hematoma volume(aOR=1.014,95%CI,1.002-1.027;P=0.024),hemoglobin(aOR=0.981,95% CI,0.969-0.993;P=0.002),blood glucose(aOR=1.135,95%CI,1.037-1.241; P=0.005)and NIHSS(aOR=1.105,95%CI,1.069-1.141;P<0.001) were independent rish factors.Based on these 6 factors,a reliable nomogram was constructed for the prediction of unfavourable prognosis in our study(C-index=0.791). Decision curve analysis and clincal impact curve showed showed an increased net beneﬁt for utilizing the nomogram.Conclusion—The hemoglobin level at admission may be an easily overlooked factor in clinical work.This new nnomogram model could be a promising and convient tool to predict the early functional prognosis of in young people with ICH.In addition, more prospective multicenter studies are needed to cestimate these findings.
Finding Memo: Versatile interactions of the VPS10p receptors in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Salasova Alena , Monti Giulia , Andersen Olav Michael , Nykjaer Anders 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The family of VPS10p receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain largely unresolved, they are now recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p receptors to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review therefore elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of Amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the Amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
Orthopedic rehabilitation after computer assisted surgical reconstruction of the mandible using deep circumflex iliac artery grafts – a cross sectional study
Authors: Brandenburg Leonard Simon , Voss Pit Jacob , Mischkowsky Thomas , Kühle Jan , Ermer Michael Andreas , Weingart Julia Vera , Rothweiler René Marcel , Metzger Marc Christian , Schmelzeisen Rainer , Poxleitner Philipp 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Computer Assisted Design and Computer Assisted Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has revolutionized oncologic surgery of the head and neck. A multitude of benefits of this technique has been described, but there are only few reports of donor site comorbidity following CAD/CAM surgery. Methods: This study investigated comorbidity of the hip following deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) graft raising using CAD/CAM techniques. A cross-sectional examination was performed to determine range of motion, muscle strength and nerve disturbances. Furthermore, correlations between graft volume and skin incision length with postoperative orthopedic rehabilitation were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation, linear regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: Fifteen patients with a mean graft volume of 21.2 ± 5.7 cm3 and a mean incision length of 228.0 ± 30.0 mm were included. Patients reported of noticeable physical limitations in daily life activities (12.3 ± 11.9 weeks) and athletic activities (38.4 ± 40.0 weeks in mean) following surgery. Graft volume significantly correlated with the duration of the use of walking aids (R = 0.57; p = 0.033) and impairment in daily life activities (R = 0.65; p = 0.012). The length of the scar of the donor-site showed a statistically significant association with postoperative iliohypogastric nerve deficits (F = 4.4, p = 0.037). Patients with anaesthaesia of a peripheral cutaneous nerve had a larger mean scar length (280 ± 30.0 mm) than subjects with hypaesthesia (245 ± 10.1 mm) or no complaints (216 ± 27.7 mm). Conclusions: Despite sophisticated planning options in modern CAD/CAM surgery comorbidity of the donor site following microsurgery is still a problem. This study is the first to investigate comorbidity after DCIA graft raising in a patient group treated exclusively with CAD/CAM techniques. The results indicate that a minimal invasive approach in terms of small graft volumes and small skin incisions could help to reduce postoperative symptomatology.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00029066); registration date: 23/05/2022.
Reconstruction and Differential Expression Profile Analysis of the CircRNA-MiRNA- MRNA Network Based on Competitive Endogenous RNA in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Xu Sai , Chen Shouqiang , Zhang Menghe , An Wenrong , Li Jie , Sun Zhenhai , Xu Yunsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is among the common autoimmune disease worldwide. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are members of the noncoding RNA family (NcRNAs), in addition to its role in numerous biological processes, they are also linked to a vast range of diseases, including UC. Although previous studies looking at many circRNAs, we are still unclear about the physiological and pathological roles of the circRNAs-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in UC. Based on this, we constructed a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network based on the ceRNA theory by analyzing from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database. Genes with higher degrees than others in the ceRNA network were selected as central nodes in constructing the corresponding core subnetworks. In order to fully comprehend the biological function of the ceRNA network, we entered all differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) which from the ceRNA network into the Database for Annotation and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) for GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analyses and the STRING for PPI: protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, genes with the degree value > 5 were defined as the hub genes in the regulatory network. In a nutshell, the ceRNA network was composed of 403 circRNA nodes, 5 miRNA nodes, 138 mRNA nodes and 559 edges. 3 core ceRNA subnetworks centered on hsa-miR-342-3p, hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-142-3p were reconstructed. The results elucidated that enrichment of 167 GO categories and 14 KEGG pathway terms. The core PPI network was made up of 15 core targets, of which CD44, HIF1A and MMP2 were the most significant core targets. Overall, this study offered a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the fundamental roles that the ceRNA network played in UC, the hub nodes derived from this research may also serve as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Sex differences in small cell lung cancer: Epidemiology and genetics
Authors: Hou Jia , Li Wenyuan , Zhang Shirong , Tan Deli , Zhu Yue , Lv Kejia , Guo Hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The incidence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in females has markedly increased over the last decades. However, sex differences in SCLC lack large database-based studies. The present study was aimed at exploring sex differences in SCLC. We used 18234 cases from the SEER database (1973-2015) to describe the epidemiologic feature of SCLC, and 120 cases from TCGA and two datasets from GEO databases to analyze genetic patterns of sex differences in SCLC. Survival analyses were conducted with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. Our results showed that female SCLC patients had smaller size of tumor, fewer metastasis, and lower stages in comparison to male patients, and females had significantly better OS and CSS than males with SCLC. Moreover, elder age, white race, large tumor size, advanced stage and distant metastasis were risk factors for mortality in both female and male SCLC patients. In SCLC, the expression levels of AMPH, GRIN2C and WNT4 were higher in males, and HOXA5 was more expressed in females. Notably, RB1 was more frequently mutated in female patients. We confirmed that female sex was associated with more favorable clinicopathological factors and better outcome of SCLC; Females and males also differed in gene expression levels, gene mutation frequency and types. This study highlights the need to consider sex as an important variable for improving SCLC diagnosis and treatment.
Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Modified U-Net
Authors: sami eman , ebied hala , Amin Safaa , Hassaan Mosab 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Planning and evaluating the extent of the spread of brain tumors for the treatment is the main challenge. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown as a great diagnostic tool for brain tumors without harmful radiation. We have found in using the traditional U-net, that there are some errors in identifying the tumor, so we wanted to develop this method so that it overcomes some errors in determining the tumor in the traditional method. Methods: We demonstrate a way to segment the brain tumor using modify U-net networks. Then compared with traditional U-net, modified U-net, k-means, and thresholding segmentation. The experiments were carried out using three multimodal brain tumor image segmentation datasets (FIGSHARE database), which contain 3929 abnormal (with a tumor) and normal brain MRI images, 100 images obtained from “The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA)” and BraTS 2019 challenge which include 4600 cases (normal and abnormal) of HGG (high-grade glioma) and LGG(low-grade glioma).Results: Through this study, the modified U-net achieved higher accuracy than other methods.Conclusion: Determining the tumor inside the human brain is an important matter to preserve human life. We used old and modern techniques and modified the basic form of the traditional U-net. The above-mentioned techniques were compared and the experiment was done on many data from different sources. It was found that the modified U-net is the best accurate..