bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent's report on oral health‐related quality of life of children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ilgin Sisman Hande , Peker Sertac , Gokdemir Yasemin , Erdem Eralp Ela , Karadag Bulent , Kargul Betul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth‐related quality of life (HRQoL) scales are now widely used in children with cystic fibrosis (cwCF) which reflects the course of the disease. In this cross‐sectional study, our primary aim was to compare the Pediatric Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life (POQL) and Oral Health Score (OHS) between cwCF and healthy group. Our secondary aim was to evaluate the association between Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonization, pulmonary function test, OHS and POQL in cwCF.MethodsThe study population (age ranging 6–14) included 55 cwCF followed at the Marmara University Division of Pediatric Pulmonology compared with 50 healthy peers. A survey consisted of general questions (age, sex, etc.) and the POQL instrument were filled by parents. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth for both primary (dft) and permanent dentition (DMFT) was detected according to WHO criteria. Data like current body mass index (BMI z score), colonization status with PA, predicted value for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1pp), and any hospitalizations during the previous year were obtained from their medical. Differences between the groups were evaluated using Chi‐square and Mann–Whitney U test with a significance level set at 0.05.ResultsThere was no significant difference between PA‐colonized cwCF and healthy controls in DMFT (p = 0.916). For all domains of POQL (emotional function, social function, role function), scores of cwCF were significantly better than healthy controls (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between all domains of POQL scores in PA colonized and non‐PA colonized cwCF' POQL scores (p > 0.05).ConclusionAlthough POQL scores of cwCF were encouraging, dental caries prevention and regular follow‐ups should be taken into consideration.
The effects of fenugreek seed extract supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Foroumandi Elaheh , Javan Roghayeh , Moayed Leili , Fahimi Hossein , Kheirabadi Fereshteh , Neamatshahi Mahboubeh , Shogofteh Fazeleh , Zarghi Azam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of the current randomized control trial (RCT) study was to investigate the effects of fenugreek seed extract on memory, depression, quality of life, blood pressure, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in adult AD patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in geriatric homes in Iran. The study participants included 82 AD patients with mild‐to‐moderate memory deficit. Patients in the intervention group received 5 cc of fenugreek seed extract for 4 months and subjects in the control group received a placebo. Memory, depression, quality of life, and BP levels, as well as serum MDA and TAC, were assessed before and after the intervention. There was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC (p < 0.001) and a reduction in serum MDA status (p < 0.001) after 4 months of fenugreek seed extract supplementation. In addition, increasing levels of memory (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001), as well as reduction of depression (p = 0.002), systolic BP (p < 0.001), and diastolic BP (p < 0.001) levels were detected in the intervention group compared with baseline. Fenugreek seed extract supplementation in AD patients shows promising positive effects on memory, quality of life, BP, and selective oxidative indices levels.
Finite‐time tracking control for second‐order nonlinear systems with prescribed performance subject to mismatched disturbances
Authors: Wang Xinming , Wang Zuo , Sun Haibin , Li Shihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, a composite finite‐time control scheme with prescribed performance is investigated for a class of second‐order nonlinear system in presence of both matched and mismatched time‐varying disturbances. Under the prescribed performance control framework, asymmetric dynamic and steady performances are explicitly considered by selecting related performance functions. Then, based on the adding a power integrator technique and the finite‐time disturbance observers, a composite finite‐time prescribed performance tracking controller is designed such that the system output can track the desired reference signal in finite time even in presence of mismatched disturbances. The finite‐time stability of the closed‐loop system is analyzed rigorously. Finally, comparative numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Photocatalytic Degradation Properties of Nano‐lignocellulose⋅NiNiO/GR‐TiO2 Hollow Rod Composite for Methylene Blue
Authors: Pan Yanfei , Guo Qiang , Hu Shuaiqi , Zheng Xin , Yin Dingwen , Zhou Songran , Hu Nianguang , Qiu Fengqi , Yun Lei , Yu Huan , Hao Yinan , Huang Jintian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe NiNiO/GR‐TiO2 magnetic hollow rod composites based on lignocellulose was prepared via electroless Ni and sol‐gel method to effectively solve that the composites were difficult to recycle and reuse. Rapid degradation of organic dyes was conducted. The element distribution, surface morphology, and functional groups were characterized via SEM, TEM, LSCM and FT‐IR, respectively. The structure was characterized by XRD and XPS. The photocatalytic properties were tested via TU‐1950 UV spectrophotometer. The EDS demonstrated the increase of S and N elements and FT‐IR results, indicating that methylene blue has been degraded by ring‐opening reaction. The results showed that the surface elements of the hollow rod structure were evenly distributed. The composite catalytic efficiency could reached 57.65 % and catalytic material prepared in vacuum was 93.34 % when the dosage of graphene was 50 mg. The composite materials photocatalytic system with addition of 20 mL EDTA could greatly improve the catalytic efficiency, which was up to 97.43 %.
Characteristics and Properties of Myristic Acid‐Stearic Acid Based Ternary Composite Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Pan Yucheng , Fei Hua , He Qian , Wang Linya , Liang Ximei , Zhou Jiahong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, melt blending method was used to prepare two composite phase change materials of myristic acid‐stearic acid (MS) and myristic acid‐stearic acid‐lauric acid (MSL). The optimum mass ratios of MS and MSL were 77 : 23 and 28 : 9 : 63 by step cooling curve assay, respectively. The phase transition temperature of MS and MSL were 47.13 °C and 28.81 °C by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the latent heat of phase transition of MS and MSL were also measured to be 153.3 J/g and 143.3 J/g, respectively. On the other hand, the phase transition temperature of MSL had little change after 300 cycles, indicating that it had good stability. In addition, the structure characteristics of MSL was found to be the same as that of pure material by FTIR, which indicates that materials are interacted by molecular force. Therefore, MSL can be used in construction and has a good application prospect.
Chemoselective Hydroboration of Isocyanates Catalyzed by Commercially Available NaH
Authors: Ni Congjian , Ma Xiaoli , Yang Zhi , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA simple, efficient, and economical method for the chemoselective hydroboration of isocyanates is reported. Commercially available NaH, at very low loadings, efficiently catalyzes the selective conversion of isocyanates to N‐boryl formamides, bis(boryl)hemiaminals, and N‐boryl methyl amines. NaH catalyzes isocyanates to controllably open the N=C bond to build an amide bond, and can also remove the C=O bond to obtain N‐boryl methyl amines. Both aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates can be quantitatively converted to the corresponding hydroboration products. Furthermore, there is excellent functional group selectivity over imines, nitriles, and olefins. Additionally, through in situ monitoring, a possible reaction mechanism is proposed. And the chemical intermediates generated by NaH and HBpin are responsible for all the reduction steps.
Bifunctional Squaramide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+2] Annluation Reactions of 2‐Isothiocyanato‐1‐indanones with 2‐Arylidene‐1,3‐indanediones
Authors: Zhai Jiang‐Song , Xie Dong‐Hua , Du Da‐Ming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA squaramide‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael/cyclization tandem reaction between 2‐isothiocyanato‐1‐indanones and 2‐arylidene‐1,3‐indanediones was developed. Under this strategy, the corresponding chiral bispirocyclic indanone compounds containing two contiguous stereocenters were obtained under mild conditions in moderate to excellent yields (up to 99 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee). In addition, further transformation experiments were achieved through the oxidation and methylation reactions of the product, which also confirmed the synthetic practicality of this synthetic strategy.
Arylated Quinoline and Tetrahydroquinolines: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Metabolic Enzyme Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Koçyiğit Ümit Muhammet , Ökten Salih , Çakmak Osman , Burhan Gizem , Ataş Mehmet , Taslimi Parham , Gülçin İlhami 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aims of this study are to synthesize and characterize some new phenyl quinoline derivatives and to determine the activities of them and the recently prepared substituted phenyl quinolines against Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Charbonic anyhydrase (CA) enzymes and some microorganisms. The 6‐phenyl‐ (3a) and 6,8‐diphenyl‐(4a) tetrahydroquinolines were prepared by treatment of 6‐bromo and 6,8‐dibromo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoline with phenylboronic acids in the presence of Pd catalyze in high yields with respect to our reported procedure. Then, bromination of the 6‐phenyl‐ (3a) and 6,8‐diphenyl‐(4a) tetrahydroquinolines furnished novel 3‐bromo phenyl substituted quinolines14and11and 8‐bromo‐6‐pheyltetrahydroquinoline (13) in excellent yields (91, 99 and 92 %, respectively). Structures of all prepared compounds were characterized by1H NMR,13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Both novel prepared and recent synthesized phenyl substituted tetrahydroquinolines and quinolines were screened for human carbonic anhydrase I, II isoenzymes (hCAs I and II) and AChE inhibitory and antimicrobial activities. Results indicated that all the synthetic compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activities against all targets as compared to the standard inhibitors, revealed by IC50values. Kivalues of novel substituted (trifluoromethoxy, thiomethyl and methoxy) phenyl quinolines3a–d,4a–c,8–12, and14for hCA I, hCA II and AChE enzymes were obtained in the ranges 0.31–12.44, 0.92‐12.45, and 8.56–27.05 μM, respectively. Moreover, phenyl quinolines3a–b,10,11,14displayed antifungal effect against yeasts in the range of 125–15.62 μg/mL.
Modelling overdose case fatality rates over time: The collaborative process
Authors: Slade Emily , Mangino Anthony A. , Daniels Lara , Liford Madison , Quesinberry Dana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study describes the collaborative process undertaken to study trends in the overdose case fatality rate (the proportion of drug overdoses resulting in death) in Kentucky from 2018 to 2021. Rather than separately tracking counts of fatal and non‐fatal overdoses, studying the overdose case fatality rate gives insight into issues related to the severity of drug overdoses and the efficacy of overdose response resources. We found that the overdose case fatality rate increased across the study period at a rate of approximately 1.19 percentage points per year, and in addition to this annual trend, it is expected to peak 1.26 percentage points higher in the wintertime and lower in the summertime than what would be expected from the overall annual trend. Modelling trends in the overdose case fatality rate over time in a way that is methodologically sound and easily interpretable to community stakeholders was a challenge, and the solution to utilize Bayesian beta regression was made possible by effective team science between domain experts and methodological experts. In this work, we describe our collaborative process, including the team structure and communication strategies, that ultimately led to these novel findings regarding seasonal and annual trends in the overdose case fatality rate.
C−Br Bond Activation of Bromoalkanes with Gallanediyl LGa
Authors: Li Bin , Wölper Christoph , Schulz Stephan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMonovalent group 13 diyls are promising reagents for C−X bond activation. We here report on C−Br bond activation reactions of gallanediyl LGa (L=HC[C(Me)NAr)]2, Ar=2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3)) with a variety of bromoalkanes. Reactions with alkylbromides R−Br gave the corresponding LGa(Br)R (R=Et 1, n‐Pr 2, i‐Pr 3), while the reaction with dibromomethane in 2 : 1 molar ratio occurred with geminal C−Br bond addition and formation of [LGa(Br)]2CH2 (4). In contrast, equimolar reaction of LGa with CHBr3 yielded LGa(Br)CHBr2 (5), which reacted with another equiv. of LGa with decomposition and formation of LGaBr2. Compounds 1–5 were characterized by heteronuclear (1H, 13C) NMR and IR spectroscopy, as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (sc‐XRD).
Adding Flavor to the SMEFT
Authors: Greljo Admir , Palavrić Ajdin , Thomsen Anders Eller 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the flavor structure of the lepton and baryon number-conserving dimension-6 operators in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT). Building on the work of [1], we define several well-motivated flavor symmetries and symmetry-breaking patterns that serve as competing hypotheses about the ultraviolet (UV) dynamics beyond the SM, not far above the TeV scale. In particular, we consider four different structures in the quark sector and seven in the charged lepton sector. The set of flavor-breaking spurions is (almost) always taken to be the minimal one needed to reproduce the observed charged fermion masses and mixings. For each case, we explicitly construct and count the operators to the first few orders in the spurion expansion, providing ready-for-use setups for phenomenological studies and global fits. We provide a Mathematica package SMEFTflavor (https://github.com/aethomsen/SMEFTflavor) to facilitate similar analyses for flavor symmetries not covered in this work.
Grand Color axion
Authors: Valenti Alessandro , Vecchi Luca , Xu Ling-Xiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a model that solves the strong CP problem via an axion parametrically heavier than the standard one. Within this picture the Standard Model quarks are embedded into a larger non-abelian Grand Color group that at high scales splits into ordinary QCD and an additional confining dynamics under which exotic chiral fermions are charged. Crucially, the vacuum expectation value of the axion is automatically relaxed to zero because the only renormalizable source of explicit CP violation, beyond those encoded in the topological angles, is contained in the Standard Model Yukawa couplings, and is therefore very suppressed. The Grand Color axion potential is controlled by the scale of the new confining group and is much larger than the QCD contribution, such that its dynamics is less exposed to the so-called “axion quality problem”. Potentially observable corrections to the effective topological angle can also arise, in our model as well as in a large class of heavy axion scenarios, from non-renormalizable Peccei-Quinn-conserving interactions, which introduce a new “heavy axion quality problem”. Our model has a very minimal field content, it relies entirely on gauge invariance and does not require the introduction of additional symmetries beyond the usual one postulated by Peccei and Quinn. The phenomenology is very rich and can be tested at colliders as well as via cosmological observations. A particularly interesting portion of parameter space predicts a visible Grand Color axion of mass above the GeV and decay constant larger than a few TeV.
Holographic RG flow and reparametrization invariance of Wilson loops
Authors: Gutiez Diego , Hoyos Carlos 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the fate of reparametrization invariance of Wilson loops, also known as ‘zig-zag’ symmetry, under the RG flow using some simple cases as guidance. We restrict our analysis to large-N, strongly coupled CFTs and use the holographic dual description of a Wilson loop as a fundamental string embedded in asymptotically AdS spaces, at zero and nonzero temperature. We then introduce a cutoff in the holographic radial direction and integrate out the section of the string closer to the AdS boundary in the spirit of holographic Wilsonian renormalization. We make explicit the map between Wilson loop reparametrizations and conformal transformation of the string worldsheet and show that a cutoff anchored to the worldsheet breaks conformal invariance and induces an effective defect action for reparametrizations at the cutoff scale, in a way similar to nearly-AdS2 gravity or SYK models. On the other hand, a cutoff in the target space breaks worldsheet diffeomorphisms and Weyl transformations but keeps conformal transformations unbroken and does not generate a non-trivial action for reparametrizations.
A new method for the measurement of the Michel parameters that describe the daughter muon polarization in the τ− → μ−$$ \overline{\nu} $$μντ decay
Authors: Bodrov D. , Pakhlov P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a detailed description of the method for the first direct measurement of all Michel parameters in the τ−→ μ−$$ \overline{\nu} $$

ν
¯

μντ decay related to the polarization of the daughter muon. An application of the suggested method in the existing and future experiments at e+e− colliders is considered. We have performed a feasibility study for the future Super Charm-Tau Factory and Belle II experiments. For the first one, the sensitivity to the Michel parameters ξ′, ξ′′, η′′, α′/A, and β′/A is estimated. For the latter, only one Michel parameter, ξ′, for which the sensitivity is maximum, is considered.
Long-Time Behavior of Global Weak Solutions for a Beris-Edwards Type Model of Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Climent-Ezquerra Blanca , Guillén-González Francisco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider a Beris-Edwards system modeling incompressible liquid crystal flows of nematic type. This system couples a Navier–Stokes system for the fluid velocity with a time-dependent system for the Q-tensor variable, whose spectral decomposition is related to the directors of liquid crystal molecules. The long-time behavior for global weak solutions is studied, proving that each whole trajectory converges to a single equilibrium whenever a regularity hypothesis is satisfied by the energy of the weak solution.
Immediate Prosthesis Breast Reconstruction: A Comparison Between Ambulatory Surgery Versus Traditional Hospitalization Based on the Propensity Score Matching Method
Authors: Chen Xiao , Chen Aoxiang , Liu Chaoqi , Zhang Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The positive benefits of immediate prosthesis breast reconstruction (IPBR) are incontrovertible. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care resources became scarce. The implementation of outpatient immediate prosthesis breast reconstruction (OIPBR) can improve the efficiency of medical care and reduce viral exposure. Very few studies have focused on OIPBR and this study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating outcomes of OIPBR compared with traditional hospitalization IPBR (THIPBR) in terms of complications and quality of life.

Material and Methods
The study enrolled patients undergoing IPBR at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between January 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Outcomes were defined as postoperative complications and quality of life before reconstruction and at 3-month follow-up. Quality of life was assessed by BREAST-Q questionnaire. Inverse probability of treatment weighting and propensity score matching (PSM) were applied to adjust for confounders.

Results
A total of 135 patients were enrolled, including 110 with THIPBR and 25 with OIPBR. After matching, baseline characteristics were well balanced. Patients with OIPBR had lower rates of lymphedema on the surgery side (p = 0.041) and readmission (p = 0.040) than patients with THIPBR. No statistically significant differences in the quality of life metrics of psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, satisfaction with breast and physical well-being of the chest were found between the two groups.

Conclusion
OIPBR is a safe and efficient alternative to THIBPR during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is recommended when medical conditions allow to conserve medical resources. Accelerated technical training for the performance of OIPBR at the hospital level should be expedited.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
COVID-19 pandemic affects STEMI numbers and in-hospital mortality: results of a nationwide analysis in Germany
Authors: Oettinger Vera , Stachon Peter , Hilgendorf Ingo , Heidenreich Adrian , Zehender Manfred , Westermann Dirk , Kaier Klaus , von zur Mühlen Constantin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic led to extensive restrictions in Germany in 2020, including the postponement of elective interventions. We examined the impact on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as an acute and non-postponable disease.

Methods
Using German national records, all STEMI between 2017 and 2020 were identified. Using the number of STEMI cases between 2017 and 2019, we created a forecast for 2020 and compared it with the observed number of STEMI in 2020.

Results
From 2017 to 2020, 248,062 patients were treated for STEMI in Germany. Mean age was 65.21 years and 28.36% were female. When comparing forecasted and observed STEMI in 2020, a correlation can be seen: noticeable fewer STEMI were treated in those weeks respectively months with an increasing COVID-19 hospitalization rate (monthly percentage decrease in STEMI: March − 14.85%, April − 13.39%, November − 11.92%, December − 22.95%). At the same time, the crude in-hospital mortality after STEMI increased significantly at the peaks of the first and second waves (relative risk/RR of monthly in-hospital mortality: April RR = 1.11 [95% CI 1.02; 1.21], November RR = 1.13 [1.04; 1.24], December RR = 1.16 [1.06; 1.27]).

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a noticeable decrease in the number of STEMI interventions in Germany at the peaks of the first and second waves in 2020, corresponding to an increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations. At the same time, in-hospital mortality after STEMI increased significantly in these phases.

Graphical abstract
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on STEMI numbers and in-hospital mortality in Germany. Relative difference between forecasted and observed STEMI numbers (above figure), the relative risk of in-hospital mortality (middle figure) as well as number of new hospital admissions for COVID-19 per million inhabitants according to Roser et al.27 (bottom figure).