bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience with the Utilization of New Generation Shared Control Robotic System for Spinal Instrumentation
Authors: Haider Ghani , Shah Vaibhavi , Lopez Ivan , Wagner Katherine Elizabeth , Stienen Martin , Veeravagu Anand 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeRobotic assistance in spine surgery is emerging as an accurate, effective and enabling technology utilized in the treatment of patients with surgical spinal pathology. Robotic systems have a wide range of applications in spine surgery from the planning and execution of spinal instrumentation to intra-operative navigation. The safety and reproducibility of robotic assistance in the placement of pedicle screw instrumentation is still being investigated, and here we present our experience of instrumented spinal fusion utilizing an intra-operative robotic guidance system. Patients and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed all cases of spinal instrumentation of the thoracic and lumbo-sacral spine using the Mazor X robotic system (Medtronic Inc, USA), performed at our institution by one surgeon between July 2017 and June 2020. Clinical variables in addition to operative details and complications were recorded. To replicate clinical relevance, screw accuracy was assessed on postoperative antero-posterior and lateral x-rays by two independent neurosurgeons. Wilcoxon Rank test was used to compare time taken to place each screw during the first 20 cases and the cases thereafter.ResultsA total of 28 patients were included. A total of 159 screws were placed using the Mazor X robotic system. The overall mean time for screw placement was 7.8 ± 2.3 minutes and there was a significant reduction in the mean time for screw placement after the 20th case (8.70 min vs. 5.42 minutes, p=0.008). Mean follow-up was 13.0 ± 12.9 months. No post-operative neurologic deficit or new radiculopathy was noted to occur secondary to hardware placement. No revision surgery was required for replacement or removal of a mispositioned screw. No post-operative hardware complications such as hardware migration, or failure were noted within the follow-up period. ConclusionsFrom this single-center, single-surgeon series we conclude that robot-assisted spine surgery can be safely and efficiently integrated into the operating room workflow, which improves after a learning curve of approximately 20 operative interventions. We found robot-assisted spinal instrumentation to be reliable, safe, effective and highly precise.
Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention with Vacuum Sealing Drainage in Deep Portion for Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip
Authors: Gu Lingchuan , Peng Yang , Zhang Ying , Lin Yangjing , Su Tiao , Yang Liu , Chen Guangxing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a great challenge. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) used as an adjunct to debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for acute periprosthetic joint infection of the hip.
Methods
Patients undergoing debridement, irrigation with component retention, and application of vacuum seal drainage in the deep portion surrounding the infected sites from January 2014 to February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The definition of failure included the requirement of prosthesis removal; persistent infection-related symptoms; suppressive antibiotics therapy due to failure of controlling the infection; infection-related death.
Results
11 patients were included in this study with a mean follow-up of 32.3 ± 18.3 months. There were 9 males and 2 females with a mean age of 58.6 ± 16.3 years. Eight had sinus tract. The overall success rate was 81.82% with 2 failures. The Harris Hip Scores (HHS) improved in the last follow-up compared with preoperative evaluation (83.0 ± 11.6 vs 43.9 ± 11.8, t=-13.58, P༜0.001).
Conclusion
The addition of VSD in the deep portion does improve the outcome of DAIR, which might be a safe and effective option for acute PJI.
Leukocyte telomere length, allelic variations in related genes and risk of coronary heart disease in people with long-standing type 1 diabetes
Authors: Sanchez Manuel , Kannengiesser Caroline , Hoang Sophie , Potier Louis , Fumeron Frédéric , Venteclef Nicolas , Scheen André , Gautier Jean-François , Hadjadj Samy , Marre Michel , Roussel Ronan , Mohammedi Kamel , Velho Gilberto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes is associated with accelerated vascular aging and advanced atherosclerosis resulting in increased rates of cardiovascular disease and premature death. We evaluated associations between Leukocyte telomere length (LTL), allelic variations (SNPs) in LTL-related genes and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
Methods
In the present investigation we assessed associations of LTL, measured at baseline by RT-PCR, and of SNPs in 11 LTL-related genes with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD: myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization) and all-cause death during follow-up in two multicenter French-Belgian prospective cohorts of people with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
Results
In logistic and Cox analyses, the lowest tertile of LTL distribution (short telomeres) at baseline was associated with the prevalence of myocardial infarction at baseline and with increased risk of CHD (Hazard ratio 3.14 (1.39–7.70), p = 0.005, for shorter vs longer tertile of LTL:) and all-cause death (Hazard ratio 1.63 (95% CI 1.04–2.55), p = 0.03, for shorter vs combined intermediate and longer tertiles of LTL) during follow-up. Allelic variations in six genes related to telomere biology (TERC, NAF1, TERT, TNKS, MEN1 and BICD1) were also associated with the incidence of CHD during follow-up. The associations were independent of sex, age, duration of diabetes, and a range of relevant confounding factors at baseline.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that short LTL is an independent risk factor of CHD in people with type 1 diabetes.
Chaotic Gas Accretion by Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks as Cause of Low-spin Signatures in Gravitational Wave Events
Authors: Chen Yixian , Lin Douglas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Accretion disks around super-massive black holes (SMBH) not only power active galactic nuclei (AGNs) but also host single and binary embedded stellar-mass black holes (EBHs). The merger of these EBHs provides a promising mechanism for the excitation of some gravitational wave events observed by LIGO-Virgo. In addition to their mass and mass-ratio distribution, their hitherto enigmatic small spin-parameters (χeff) carry important clues and stringent constraints on their formation channels and evolutionary pathways. Here we show that, after each coalescence, the typical rapid spin of the merged EBHs is suppressed by their subsequent accretion of gas from a turbulent environment, due to its ability to randomize the flow’s spin orientation with respect to that of the EBHs on an eddy-turnover timescale. This theory provides supporting evidence for the prolificacy of EBH mergers and suggests that their mass growth is dominated by gas accretion rather than their coalescence in AGN disks. In addition to their contributions to the mass and χeff distribution observed by LIGO-Virgo, EBHs’ gas accretion also provides auxiliary powers to the heating of the global disk in AGNs.
Constitutive Modeling of the Permeability Behavior of Compacted Clay Liners in Landfills by Using Factorial Design
Authors: Silva Thiago Fernandes , Lyra Marcus Vinícius Melo , Paiva William , Melo Marcio Camargo , Monteiro Veruschka Escarião Dessoles 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Compacted clay liners (CCL) are structures designed for waterproofing in landfills in order to avoid contamination of the subsoil, rivers and adjacent aquifers. These liners are not always able to meet the permeability requirements demanded by technical standards. For this, the addition of materials, such as bentonite, and the alteration of geotechnical parameters can be viable alternatives to achieve this permeability. The objective of this research was to obtain predictive models of water permeability in landfill liners and analyze the significance of the studied factors. Mixtures were made of sand from the Sanitary Landfill in the municipality of Campina Grande-Paraiba-Brazil (Soil 1) and bentonite (Soil 2), from the municipality of Boa Vista-Paraiba. For the execution of these CCL, a factorial design was carried out, having as independent variables compaction energy, water content and bentonite percentage. The dependent variable was the water permeability coefficient for the CCD and CCRD models. The model that presented the best fit, the significance of these models, the predictive equation of permeability and the response surfaces were verified. The models were significant and showed that compaction energy and Soil 2 percentage are the factors that most influenced the permeability behavior. Constitutive permeability equations were obtained for each design tested. It was found that the DCCR model better explains the process of obtaining permeability. Thus, knowing the geotechnical characteristics of the soil, the selection of new deposits that meet the technical criteria would be facilitated by the application of the models.
Changes in the microvasculature with active retinopathy of prematurity as evidenced by OCT angiography
Authors: Trifanenkova I. G. , Tereshchenko A. V. , Erokhina E. V. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: to evaluate the degree of structural lesions of the microvasculature, depending on the stage and type of active ROP with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in angio-mode (OCTA). Material and methods. 63 premature infants (63 eyes) with active ROP were tested by OCT of the retina, of which 30 were tested by OCTA. Additionally, 10 premature infants (10 eyes) without signs of ROP were tested by OCTA. We assessed the area and perimeter of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), the thickness of the retina in the fovea, the density of the superficialand deep plexuses in the fovea and parafovea, the presence or absence of intraretinal, epiretinal and retinovitreal neovascular complexes. Results. We revealed gross structural and microvascular retinal pathology in children with ROP, which was more pronounced in children with an unfavorable course of the disease. Of these, the most affected were children with a shorter gestational period, i. e , more immature. In children with a favorable type of ROP course, a severe general condition has a serious impact on the child’s microvasculature state. The analysis of the correlation dependences of OCTA on the gestational age, stage and type of active ROP, showed a strong direct correlation between the retinal thickness in the fovea, the density of superficial plexus vessels in the fovea, the area and perimeter of the FAZ, on the one hand, and the course of the disease, which is crucial for the correct choice of management and treatment tactics. Conclusion. The OCTA data allow an objective assessment of the severity of the changes in the retinal vasculature, including its microcirculatory component. The data effectively supplement the clinical picture and help identifying the progressive course o f active ROP at the earliest stages of the pathological process, thereby contributing to timely treatment and good clinical and functional results.
A comparative analysis of intraocular pressure measurement results by the TVGD-02 tonometer (EASYTON) and the Goldman tonometer in ethnic Asians residing in Kazakhstan
Authors: Shusterov Yu. A. , Akhmadyarova B. S. , Toksambaeva D. E. , Makhanbetzhanova A. K. , Dakibayev N. S. , Lyubchenko M. Yu. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To compare the results of IOP measurement by the TVGD-02 transpalpebral tonometer (EASYTON) and the Goldman to­ nometer in ethnic Asians of Kazakhstan in order to assess the influence of epicanthus on the results of transpalberal tonometry. Material and methods. A total of 150 patients (150 eyes) aged 39 to 65years were examined, including 120 patients (120 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and 30 patients (30 eyes) with high astigmatism and no POAG. All patients had their (IOP) measuredfirst with a Goldman tonometer, and then with a TVGD-02 transpalpebral tonometer (EASYTON). The correlation between the two methods was determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. According to the EASYTON tonometer, the average IOP over the whole group was 20.20 ± 0.45 mm Hg, whilst the respective figure for the Goldman tonometer was 19.90 ± 0.43 mm Hg, the difference being statistically insignificant (p>0.05). In both groups and in varied IOP ranges the results of Easyton and Goldman tonometer data were comparable. No peculiarities in IOP mea­ surements taken from patients with epicanthus have been revealed. Conclusion. The absence of statistically significant differences between the data obtained by EASYTON and the Goldman tonometer in Asians implies that epicanthus does not affect the results of transpalpebral tonometry. The EASYTON tonometer may be considered an effective screening device in routine clinical practice. It is easy to use and can be recommended to ophthalmologists, general practitioners, nurses, optometrists, as well as glaucoma patients for IOP monitoring at home.
Distinctive features of eye pathology in elderly and senile people in Arkhangelsk region
Authors: Zelentsov R. N. , Popov V. V. , Novikova I. A. , Trofimova A. A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: to identify the features of the pathology of the eye in elderly and senile people in the Arkhangelsk region. Material and methods. Annual reports of medical eye care facilities for the 2009 to 2019 who offered ophthalmological assistance to individuals aged 60 or older were analyzed. To estimate the differences infrequency of occurrence Pearson's Chi-square was used. Results. The incidence of eye pathologies in elderly and senile people amounts to 20.74% (17.83 % male and 22.29 % female). The most common conditions included the pathology of the lens that occurred in almost 50 % of the old people, glaucoma was diagnosed in about 20 % and retinal conditions in one out of seven people. In the age group of 60 to 74 years, the most common pathologies included glaucoma, diabetic angioretinopathy, retinal conditions and refractive errors; in the people of advanced age (75—89 years), lens pathologies and age-related macular degeneration occurred more frequently than in the younger age group while glaucoma, diabetic angioretinopathy, retinal conditions and refractive errors occurred less frequently. The oldest age group (90 years and older) showed a different pathology distribution than people of the younger age groups: they have higher occurrence of lens pathologies, age-related macular degeneration, optic disc pathology. In contrast, they have a rarer occurrence of retinal diseases, whilst diabetic angioretinopathy or refractive errors were not diagnosed at all. Gender differences of eye pathology distribution are revealed in the fact that, among people aged 60 to 89, women have a higher occurrence of age-related macular degeneration, retinal diseases and refractive errors, while men are more often diagnosed with glaucoma. Conclusion. The identified features of eye pathology in elderly and senile people living in the Arkhangelsk region should be taken into account when medical care for advanced age groups is developed and improved.
Subjective assessment of vision quality by patients over 35 after excimer laser and orthokeratological correction of myopia according to a survey
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Sengaeva M. D. , Tarutta E. P. , Khodzhabekyan N. V. , Khandzhyan A. T. , Ivanova A. V. , Letnikova K. B. , Sklyarova A. S. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: to analyze the results of a survey aimed at assessing the patients’satisfaction with the results of excimer laser or orthokeratological correction of myopia. Materials and methods. 135 patients aged 35 to 50 took part in a satisfaction survey: 105 after excimer laser and 30 after orthokeratological correction of myopia. Excimer laser surgery was performed with planned binocular hypocorrection within -0.75 — 1.5 D depending on age. To participate in the survey, the patients signed a preliminary consent. The questionnaire asked for age, gender, occupation, self-assessment of visual functions under a variety of conditions (vision at dusk, at close distance, at far distance, while driving a vehicle, etc.), self-assessment of satisfaction with the result. The questionnaire required to answer 15 questions on a multiplechoice basis. Results. Over 50 % of the patients have no difficulty working at close distance, at far distance, or when driving a vehicle, and do not restrict themselves in professional or everyday activities. More than 90 % of the patients would recommend excimer laser correction in binocular format with a planned hypo effect or orthokeratological correction to others. 125 out of 135 patients gave the maximum satisfaction score points. Conclusion: excimer laser correction of myopia with a planned hypoeffect in binocular format and orthokeratological correction can be recommended for patients over 35.
Long-term survival of uveal melanoma patients with respect to clinical, hemodynamic and morphological characteristics of the tumor
Authors: Saakyan S. V. , Amiryan A. G. , Tsygankov A. Yu. , Khlgatyan M. R. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Evaluation of long-term results of uveal melanoma (UM) treatment in patients depending on clinical, hemodynamic and morphological parameters of the tumor. Material and methods. Long-term results of treatment were analyzed in 394 UM patients aged 17 to 82 (mean age 53.1 ± 13.2). The median follow-up was 56 months. Group A (n = 242, organ-preserving treatment) consisted of patients with a tumor height of 5.0 ± 1.8 mm and base diameter of 12.7 ± 2.9 mm. Group B (n = 152, enucleation) included patients with 8.3 ± 2.8 mm tumor height and 15.2 ± 4.1 mm base diameter. Overall survival and disease-dependent survival were determined. Results. The cumulative 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rates of patients with choroidal melanoma were 91.6 ± 1.7, 84.0 ± 2.5, 74.0 ± 3.8 % , and those with ciliochoroidal melanoma were 84.2 ± 5.6, 79.9 ± 5.8, and 53.0 ± 14.7 %, respectively (p = 0.048). In group A, the 5-year survival rates of patients with mushroom-shaped and irregular forms were 80.6 ± 5.9 and 74.6 ± 10.9 %, respectively, and 96.0 ± 2.0 % for dome-shaped UM. The worst 5-year survival rates were shown by patients with tumor stabilization, and the best ones, by patients with complete tumor resorption (x2 = 6.880, p = 0.008). Patients with post-radiation optical neuropathy (n = 193) had better 5-year survival rates (90.3 ± 2.9 %) than patients (n = 49) without neuropathy (77.5 ± 8.0 %). In group B, cumulative 1-year survival was 95.2 ± 1.9 %, 2-year survival, 89.2 ± 2.8 % , 3-year survival, 84.9 ± 2.9 % , 4-year survival, 81.8 ± 3.6 %, 5-year survival, 77.5 ± 4.0 % , 6-year survival, 67.9 ± 4.8 % , and 7-year survival was 64.7 ± 5.2 %. In epithelioid-cell, mixed-cell, and spindle-cell types of UM, the 5-year survival rates were 46.3 ± 12.0, 70.7 ± 8.0 %, and 84.8 ± 5.4 %, respectively (x2 = 11.571, p = 0.004). The 5-year survival rate of patients with extrascleral growth was 56.0 ± 10.4 % and without extrascleral growth it was 81.7 ± 4.0 %. Conclusion. In organ-preserving treatment, the combination of prognostic factors allows us to stratify the patients based on the risk of early metastasis, which allows for personalized dynamic monitoring, taking into account the vital prognosis of a particular patient.
TERI Advanced Oxidation Technology (TADOX®) to treat industrial wastewater with integration at pre- and post-biological stage: case studies from India
Authors: Bahadur Nupur , Bhargava Nipun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The current problem with industrial wastewater treatment is that we rely heavily on biological treatment systems without realising that these have severe limitations in terms of shock load-bearing capacities, ineffectiveness against removal of toxicity and recalcitrant and dissolved organics. However, biological systems have their own benefits as well. Therefore, it is essential to support them with integration of advanced oxidation nanotechnology (AON) interventions, which are expected to address these challenges. In this pursuit, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) has developed an AON-based wastewater treatment technology called TERI Advanced Oxidation Technology (TADOX®). This paper presents two sections of three case studies each, to showcase how TADOX® technology intervention at pre-biological and post-biological treatment helps in achieving adequate treatment. In the first section, TADOX® has been implemented at pre-biological stage for three highly polluting streams from (i) phenolic wastewater from a 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) plant from a Gujarat pesticide manufacturing company, (ii) phenolic wastewater from an anisole plant of a Gujarat chemical industry, and (iii) hydrocarbon-rich effluent from the Jharkand oil and gas sector. Pre-biological integration is expected to support biological treatment by reduction in COD, toxicity, microbial growth hindering compounds and increase in biodegradability (BOD to COD ratio). The second section in the paper explores the implementation potential of TADOX® to treat biologically treated streams from (i) Uttarakhand pharmaceutical, (ii) Uttar Pradesh tannery and (iii) Uttar Pradesh slaughterhouse. The post-biological integration is expected to remove residual COD, colour, BOD and odour leading to treated water meeting norms for safe surface discharge and water reuse. Presented studies from India may be useful and relevant to other developing countries as a possible approach to sustainably manage water resources, together meeting the challenges of economic growth, industrial development, and regulatory and environmental compliance.
Management of reverse osmosis concentrate by solar distillation
Authors: Belhout Dalila , Tigrine Zahia , Mosnegutu Emilian Florin , Benabdelaziz Ferhat Kamel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Disposal of rejected brine is a fundamental part of reverse osmosis desalination technology, it presents negative influences on the marine ecosystem due to the high salt content and the presence of other harmful chemicals in the concentrate. Solar distillation is a promising technology for brine management. The main goal of this study was to treat high salinity solution of reverse osmosis desalination brine and to recover valuable resources while producing freshwater. The implementation of the study is through two phases: the first phase includes desalination by a reverse osmosis process to produce fresh water and the concentrated brine, while the second phase consists of recovering solid salts using the solar distillation. Thus, different experiments of desalination by reverse osmosis pilot and solar distillation were carried out under optimal experimental conditions. The obtained results showed that chlorides are the most dominant constituents in the composition of brines, while the daily water productivity contributed to around 80% of the total productivity of the solar system (volume of the water produced/m2/day) and the amount of salt crystallized by solar distillation represents 35 grams per liter of brine, this salt is greatly demanded in several sectors such as agriculture, industry, and others.