bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Berechnung von Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser mit analytischen und numerischen Modellen
Authors: Ohmer Marc , Klester Artur , Kissinger Alexander , Mirbach Stefan , Class Holger , Schneider Martin , Lindenlaub Martin , Bauer Michael , Liesch Tanja , Menberg Kathrin , Blum Philipp 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungMit zunehmender Anzahl an Grundwasserwärmepumpenanlagen steigt auch das Potenzial an Nutzungsüberlagerungen. Im Rahmen des wasserrechtlichen Genehmigungsverfahrens ist es daher erforderlich, u. a. die von einer Anlage ausgehenden Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser zu berechnen. In Baden-Württemberg wurde als Erweiterung des für Anlagen ≤ 45.000 kWh/a gültigen Leitfadens des Umweltministeriums Baden-Württemberg das Thermische Online-Modell (TOM) entwickelt. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein vereinfachtes, browserbasiertes, numerisches Grundwassermodell. Ziel dieser Studie ist, die mit TOM berechneten Ausdehnungen von Temperaturfahnen durch mit analytisch und einem kalibrierten numerischen Modell berechnete Temperaturfahnen zu evaluieren. Der Vergleich mit den analytischen Berechnungsmethoden zeigt, dass diese die Ausbreitung der Temperaturfahnen in Relation zu den numerischen Modellen grundsätzlich überschätzen. Für kleine und mittlere Anlagen (< 10 l/s) wurden mit TOM vergleichbare Ergebnisse wie mit einem kalibrierten numerischen Modell berechnet. Für größere Anlagen (> 10 l/s) ist aufgrund der weiträumigeren Ausbreitung der Temperaturfelder die Simulation mit einem kalibrierten numerischen Planungsmodell zu empfehlen.
Dehiscence and fenestration of Class I individuals with normality patterns in the anterior region: a CBCT study
Authors: Sun Liangyan , Mu Chuangchuang , Chen Li , Zhao Bingjiao , Pan Jie , Liu Yuehua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of alveolar bone dehiscence and fenestration of Class I individuals with normality patterns in the anterior region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods
A total of 4715 retrospective cases from January 2018 to December 2020 in the Orthodontic Department of Shanghai Stomatological Hospital were screened. Sixty-one cases were Class I individuals with normality patterns in the anterior region. Their incidence of dehiscence and fenestration in the anterior teeth region was studied and statistically analyzed.

Results
Dehiscence was found in 27.46% of the evaluated anterior teeth and fenestration was found in 26.91% of anterior teeth. Severe dehiscences and fenestrations mainly occurred in mandibular canines and maxillary canines, respectively. Alveolar bone defects were present in 100% of patients, while one patient had alveolar bone defects in 91.67% of the anterior teeth.

Conclusions
Dehiscence was found in 27.46% of the anterior teeth of Class I individuals with normality patterns, while fenestration was found in 26.91% of them. Alveolar bone defects were present in 100% of patients.

Clinical relevance
Alveolar bone dehiscence and fenestration were normal and common in our sample, indicating that they are more likely to be physiological rather than pathological defects. Orthodontists should be aware of the presence and severity of these defects before treatment in order to avoid both possible complications and overtreatment.
The Source of Power Matters: Positional Power as a Better Predictor of Sexual Interest Perceptions than Dispositional Power Among Men within a Military Context
Authors: Goh Pei Hwa , Stoeckli Peter Lucas , Schoebi Dominik , Annen Hubert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current research examined the roles of positional power induced by one’s hierarchical position in an organization and dispositional power (i.e., one’s general feeling of power) in the perception of sexual interest in a military context. In two vignette-based experiments with men who were military members, positional power induced by military rank led to heightened sexual perceptions. Men estimated higher sexual interest from their interaction partner when interacting with a hypothetical woman of a lower military rank, compared to a woman of equal (Experiment 1;N = 144) or higher military rank (Experiment 2;N = 232). Being in a relatively higher rank induces feelings of power over the interaction partner and thus results in a higher perception of sexual interest. Furthermore, Experiment 2 revealed that positional power better predicted heightened perceived sexual interest than dispositional power.
On cross-lingual retrieval with multilingual text encoders
Authors: Litschko Robert , Vulić Ivan , Ponzetto Simone Paolo , Glavaš Goran 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPretrained multilingual text encoders based on neural transformer architectures, such as multilingual BERT (mBERT) and XLM, have recently become a default paradigm for cross-lingual transfer of natural language processing models, rendering cross-lingual word embedding spaces (CLWEs) effectively obsolete. In this work we present a systematic empirical study focused on the suitability of the state-of-the-art multilingual encoders for cross-lingual document and sentence retrieval tasks across a number of diverse language pairs. We first treat these models as multilingual text encoders and benchmark their performance in unsupervised ad-hoc sentence- and document-level CLIR. In contrast to supervised language understanding, our results indicate that for unsupervised document-level CLIR—a setup with no relevance judgments for IR-specific fine-tuning—pretrained multilingual encoders on average fail to significantly outperform earlier models based on CLWEs. For sentence-level retrieval, we do obtain state-of-the-art performance: the peak scores, however, are met by multilingual encoders that have been further specialized, in a supervised fashion, for sentence understanding tasks, rather than using their vanilla ‘off-the-shelf’ variants. Following these results, we introduce localized relevance matching for document-level CLIR, where we independently score a query against document sections. In the second part, we evaluate multilingual encoders fine-tuned in a supervised fashion (i.e., we learn to rank) on English relevance data in a series of zero-shot language and domain transfer CLIR experiments. Our results show that, despite the supervision, and due to the domain and language shift, supervised re-ranking rarely improves the performance of multilingual transformers as unsupervised base rankers. Finally, only with in-domain contrastive fine-tuning (i.e., same domain, only language transfer), we manage to improve the ranking quality. We uncover substantial empirical differences between cross-lingual retrieval results and results of (zero-shot) cross-lingual transfer for monolingual retrieval in target languages, which point to “monolingual overfitting” of retrieval models trained on monolingual (English) data, even if they are based on multilingual transformers.
The upcoming rise of SMEs in cross-border public procurement: is it a matter of networking capabilities?
Authors: Fayos Teresa , Calderón Haydeé , García-García Juan Manuel , Derqui Belén 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe participation of SMEs in public procurement is a recurring theme in recent academic literature. However, little attention has been paid to its influence in cross-border procurement. To participate in this market, SMEs must overcome barriers that make the task difficult and minimise their chances of winning contracts. Within this context, dynamic capabilities in general, and networking ones in particular, are crucial to overcome barriers and boost performance. This article presents an abductive qualitative research study of multiple cases using CAQDAS to analyse which networking capabilities prepare SMEs for cross-border public procurement processes. The results show not only how these capabilities have enabled SMEs to perform well in this environment but also which barriers have helped them to overcome each phase of the procurement process. The article also provides recommendations for both SMEs that decide to enter this market and the administrations that wish to support them.
Truncated geometry on the circle
Authors: Hekkelman E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this letter, we prove that the pure state space on the$$n \times n$$n×ncomplex Toeplitz matrices converges in the Gromov–Hausdorff sense to the state space on$$C(S^1)$$C(S1)asngrows to infinity, if we equip these sets with the metrics defined by the Connes distance formula for their respective natural Dirac operators. A direct consequence of this fact is that the set of measures on$$S^1$$S1with density functions$$c \prod _{j=1}^n (1-\cos (t-\theta _j))$$c∏j=1n(1-cos(t-θj))is dense in the set of all positive Borel measures on$$S^1$$S1in the weak$$^*$$∗topology.
Are credit screening contracts designed for men?
Authors: Comeig Irene , Jaramillo-Gutiérrez Ainhoa , Ramírez Federico 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAccess to credit is key to succeed in business. Theoretical models of credit under asymmetric information classify borrowers and grant or deny credit, typically based on incentive-compatible contracts with collateral. However, if women are particularly risk averse, female borrowers may be wrongly classified and denied credit. We conduct in three countries a laboratory experiment to study this systematic gender difference. Results show that incentive-compatible contracts with collateral fail to disclose women’s private information, while disclosing men’s private information. We suggest that banks should incorporate the gender difference in risk attitudes to avoid the glass ceiling in women’s access to credit.
Robotic versus hand-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy: comparison of two minimally invasive techniques in kidney transplantation
Authors: Windisch Olivier Laurent , Matter Maurice , Pascual Manuel , Sun Pamela , Benamran Daniel , Bühler Leo , Iselin Christophe Emmanuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRobot-assisted donor nephrectomy (RDN) is increasingly used due to its advantages such as its precision and reduced learning curve when compared to laparoscopic techniques. Concerns remain among surgeons regarding possible longer warm ischemia time. This study aimed to compare patients undergoing robotic living donor nephrectomy to the more frequently used hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (HLDN) technique, focusing on warm ischemia time, total operative time, learning curve, hospital length of stay, donor renal function and post-operative complications. Retrospective study comparing RDN to HLDN in a collaborative transplant network. 176 patients were included, 72 in RDN and 104 in HLDN. Left-sided nephrectomy was favored in RDN (82% vs 52%,p < 0.01). Operative time was longer in RDN (287 vs 160 min;p < 0.01), while warm ischemia time was similar (221 vs 213 secs,p = 0.446). The hospital stay was shorter in RDN (3.9 vs 5.7 days,p < 0.01).Concerning renal function, a slightpersistent increase of 7% of the creatinine ratio was observed in the RDN compared to the HLDN group (1.56 vs 1.44 at 1-month checkup,p < 0.01). The results show that RDN appears safe and efficient in comparison to the gold-standard HLDN technique. Warm ischemia time was similar for both techniques, whereas RDN operative time was longer. Patients undergoing RDN had a shorter hospital stay, this being possibly mitigated by differences in center release criteria. Donor renal function needs to be assessed on a longer-term basis for both techniques.
The Critical Role of Spreading Depolarizations in Early Brain Injury: Consensus and Contention
Authors: Andrew R. David , Hartings Jed A. , Ayata Cenk , Brennan K. C. , Dawson-Scully Ken D. , Farkas Eszter , Herreras Oscar , Kirov Sergei. A. , Müller Michael , Ollen-Bittle Nikita , Reiffurth Clemens , Revah Omer , Robertson R. Meldrum , Shuttleworth C. William , Ullah Ghanim , Dreier Jens P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhen a patient arrives in the emergency department following a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or sudden cardiac arrest, there is no therapeutic drug available to help protect their jeopardized neurons. One crucial reason is that we have not identified the molecular mechanisms leading to electrical failure, neuronal swelling, and blood vessel constriction in newly injured gray matter. All three result from a process termed spreading depolarization (SD). Because we only partially understand SD, we lack molecular targets and biomarkers to help neurons survive after losing their blood flow and then undergoing recurrent SD.MethodsIn this review, we introduce SD as a single or recurring event, generated in gray matter following lost blood flow, which compromises the Na+/K+pump. Electrical recovery from each SD event requires so much energy that neurons often die over minutes and hours following initial injury, independent of extracellular glutamate.ResultsWe discuss how SD has been investigated with various pitfalls in numerous experimental preparations, how overtaxing the Na+/K+ATPase elicits SD. Elevated K+or glutamate are unlikely natural activators of SD. We then turn to the properties of SD itself, focusing on its initiation and propagation as well as on computer modeling.ConclusionsFinally, we summarize points of consensus and contention among the authors as well as where SD research may be heading. In an accompanying review, we critique the role of the glutamate excitotoxicity theory, how it has shaped SD research, and its questionable importance to the study of early brain injury as compared with SD theory.
A sustainable sourcing competence model for purchasing and supply management professionals
Authors: Schulze Heike , Bals Lydia , Warwick Jon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn order to implement sustainability standards in practice, capabilities are needed at the organizational level as well as at the individual level. The presented sustainable purchasing and supply management (SPSM) competence model is based on the combination of a systematic literature review (SLR) and a Delphi study. The competence model outlines specific SPSM competences which are divided into functional-oriented, cognition-oriented, social-oriented and meta-oriented competence clusters. We also discuss their applicability during typical purchasing and supply management processes. Each of the 26 competences is presented with a short definition as well as exemplary behaviors. For research on SPSM from an organizational point of view, the analysis of the relevance of competences with regard to purchasing process stages offers a conceptual basis for bringing sustainability into overall PSM models, instead of positioning sustainability as an ‘add-on’ activity, which risks the potential of sustainability issues becoming marginalized. The resulting SPSM competence model can serve as a basis for improving teaching and training in both higher education and professional training contexts. In practice, it can also serve to aid the selection of new employees, evaluate employee performance, create development plans or build HR systems.
A localization and deployment model for wireless sensor networks using arithmetic optimization algorithm
Authors: Bhat Soumya J , K V Santhosh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the advancement of sensor technologies, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are envisioning a rich variety of promising services in many fields. WSN is formed by the deployment of sensor nodes in the regions of interest using a deterministic or random deployment strategy. The random deployment strategy is more suitable in large monitoring areas and harsh environments. But, in this type of deployment, coverage holes and disconnected networks can exist. Important events may get unnoticed reducing the reliability of the networks. Since the locations of nodes are unknown in a randomly deployed WSN, it is difficult to locate the holes. For this, we are proposing a localization and deployment model. The localization algorithm uses Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) and the results of this algorithm are further used to develop a deployment model to achieve a completely connected network. This algorithm is tested in various fields. The algorithm is able to localize nodes accurately and identify the coverage holes with an error rate of less than 0.27% when the Average Localization Error (ALE) is within 5m.
Childbearing among Polish migrant women and their descendants in Sweden: an origin-destination country approach
Authors: Lindström Jonathan , Mussino Eleonora , Oláh Livia Sz. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the childbearing behaviour of Polish migrant women and their descendants in Sweden. Also considering stayers in the country of origin, we rely on a country-of-origin and country-of-destination approach in a careful examination regarding the relevance of three hypotheses on migrant fertility: the socialisation, selection, and adaptation hypotheses. We analyse the transitions to first and second births based on a piecewise exponential model, using Swedish register data and the Polish Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) first wave. The results support the socialisation hypothesis, as the Polish stayers and the first-generation Polish migrants have their first child at younger ages and are less likely to remain childless than the other groups but are also more likely to not proceed to a second child, unlike the Swedish natives and the second generation. We find partial support for the selection hypothesis. Descriptively, we observe signs of selection into migration based on education, cohort, and marital status. Additionally, our study shows that the impact of marriage varies between stayers and migrants, in the first-birth transition, suggesting selection into migration when it comes to unobserved characteristics as well. The adaptation hypothesis is also supported, as the fertility behaviour of the second generation more closely resembles that of the Swedish natives than that of the first generation and differs more from that of the Polish stayers in terms of both quantum and timing of the first and second births.
Zircon Xenocrysts from the Shaka Ridge Record Ancient Continental Crust: New U-Pb Geochronological and Oxygen Isotopic Data
Authors: Skublov Sergey G. , Rumyantseva Natalia A. , Li Qiuli , Vanshtein Boris G. , Rezvukhin Dmitriy I. , Li Xianhua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver the past two decades, a significant number of discoveries of ancient zircon xenocrysts in ocean-floor magmatic rocks have been reported. These findings provide compelling evidence for the presence of ancient continental crust within young oceanic lithosphere. Almost all finds of ancient zircon xenocrysts within oceanic crust are from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. For other localities, however, similar data are very limited. This report presents the first age determinations (U-Pb, SHRIMP-II) and isotope-geochemical data (oxygen, trace and rare earth elements) for zircon xenocrysts from gabbro-diorites of the Shaka Ridge, in the vicinity of the Shaka fracture zone, near the western end of the Southwest Indian Ridge. The work is based on a study of bottom rock material dredged during expeditionary research on the R/V “Akademik Fedorov” (Russia) in 2016. The U-Pb isotope system of the zircon xenocrysts recorded a crystallization age of ∼2.8 Ga at an upper discordia intercept and an age of ∼600 Ma interpreted as the timing of a superimposed thermal event at a lower discordia intercept. The zircon xenocrysts show geochemical signatures of magmatic origin, i.e., fractionated REE distribution spectra with an increase in chondrite-normalized values from light to heavy REE, positive Ce anomalies and negative Eu anomalies, and high Th/U ratios (0.59–7.77). In discrimination diagrams based on a series of inter-element relationships, zircon compositions fall into the fields of zircons from rocks of continental crust, mostly granitoids. The Li content of the zircons is high (1.8 ppm–50 ppm), adding further evidence to their derivation from rocks of continental crust. During their residence within young oceanic crust, the zircon xenocrysts experienced alterations under the influence of submarine high-temperature hydrothermal fluids, which selectively affected the distribution of trace elements in the zircons and reduced the δ18O values to 1.75‰–3.15‰. The presence of obviously older zircons in Shaka gabbro-diorites clearly demonstrates the presence of ancient continental fragments and their recycling into the mantle at the western end of the Southwest Indian Ridge.
The benefits of Q + PPGIS for coupled human-natural systems research: A systematic review
Authors: Johnson Malcolm S. , Adams Vanessa M. , Byrne Jason , Harris Rebecca M. B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractManaging complex problems in socio-ecological systems (SES) requires innovative approaches, which account for multiple scales, large datasets, and diverse lived experiences. By combining two commonly utilized mixed-methods, public participation GIS (PPGIS) and Q-method (Q), Q + PPGIS has the potential to reveal competing agendas and reduce conflict, but its benefits and weaknesses are comparatively understudied. Using a systematic review, we evaluated how different studies have employed and implemented the Q + PPGIS method. We found 16 studies, comprising 30 publications, with considerable variation in their geographic foci, research disciplines, and addressed SES challenges. These studies exhibit a lack of cohesion between methodological design and implementation and the absence of a consistent application of the method. Nonetheless, Q + PPGIS offers a tool that can guide policy, better inform stakeholders, and reduce conflict based on misconceptions. Resolving the shortcomings identified here will broaden Q + PPGIS utility in geographically situating and representing multiple realities within complex socio-ecological systems challenges.
Image recognition using convolutional neural networks for classification of honey bee subspecies
Authors: De Nart Dario , Costa Cecilia , Di Prisco Gennaro , Carpana Emanuele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFour models based on convolutional neural networks were used to investigate whether image recognition techniques applied to honey bee wings could be used to discriminate among honey bee subspecies. A dataset consisting of 9887 wing images belonging to 7 subspecies and one hybrid was analysed with ResNet 50, MobileNet V2, Inception Net V3, and Inception ResNet V2. Accuracy values of classification of individual wings were over 0.92, and all models outperformed traditional morphometric evaluation. The Inception models achieved the highest accuracies and higher scores of precision and recall for most classes. When wing images were grouped by colony, almost all wings in the colony samples were labelled with the same class. We conclude that automatic image recognition and machine learning applied to honey bee wings can reliably discriminate among the European subspecies and could thus represent a useful tool for fast classification of honey bee subspecies for breeding and conservation aims.
A Competency-Guided Approach to Optimizing a Physician-Scientist Curriculum
Authors: Estrada Lourdes , Williams Megan A. , Williams Christopher S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhysician-scientists are uniquely positioned to achieve significant biomedical advances to improve the human condition. Their clinical and scientific training allows them to bridge fields and contribute to cutting-edge, clinically relevant research. The need for a highly skilled physician-scientist workforce has never been more acute. We propose a competency-guided program design (CGPD) framework that focuses on core skills to enhance the physician-scientist training curriculum. In partnership with clinical and graduate curricula, the CGPD framework can be employed as a tool to meaningfully integrate physician-scientist training, address barriers to attract and sustain the physician-scientist workforce, and avoid overprogramming that detracts from a solid foundation of clinical and graduate research training.