bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Structurally Controlled Alterations Sparked by Hydrothermal Activity in the Fatira–Abu Zawal Area, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: BADAWI Mohamed , ABDELATIF Mahmoud , SHEBL Ali , MAKROUM Farid , SHALABY Ahmed , NÉMETH Norbert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Eastern Desert of Egypt suffered a protracted period of deformation triggered by cratonization of the new juvenile crust known as the Arabian Nubian Shield (ANS), which has been proposed for potential gold discoveries associated with the corresponding tectonic event. The Fatira area, on the border of Egypt's Northern and Central Eastern Deserts, is covered with metavolcanic rocks twisted by a dextral relocation of the Fatira Shear Zone (FSZ) relative to the Barud magmatic body. The recent study evaluated many deformed post‐orogenic granitic intrusions and felsite dikes associated with promising mineralization localities, notably orogenic gold deposits. The combination of various field observations and remote sensing data, followed by the analysis of aeromagnetic enhanced maps, allowed the differentiation of distinct lithologies, structural features, and hydrothermal alterations in the study area. Additionally, the integrated results obtained from the different interpretation techniques are utilized to identify and confirm the previously supposed mineralized localities in the Fatira and Abu Zawal areas and predict other matched localities. The final ASTER, Sentinel 2 hydrothermal alteration, and orientation entropy heat maps demonstrate the association between these mineralized regions and major structures related to the FSZ late stage of deformation rather than other structures studied throughout the area of interest.
Ventilation challenge in rigid bronchoscopy: Laser tube as an alternative management in patients with lung cancer and central airway obstruction
Authors: Messina Gaetana , Bove Mary , Natale Giovanni , Di Filippo Vincenzo , Opromolla Giorgia , Massimilla Eva , Forte Mauro , Rainone Anna , Vicario Giuseppe , Leonardi Beatrice , Fiorelli Alfonso , Vicidomini Giovanni , Santini Mario , Pirozzi Mario , Caterino Marianna , Della Corte Carminia Maria , Ciardiello Fortunato , Fasano Morena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionCentral airway tumors involving the trachea and main‐stem bronchi are a common cause of airway obstruction and a significant cause of mortality among the patients of thoracic diseases with respiratory failure. Debulking in rigid bronchoscopy is quick, safe, and effective. It can be complex and hard in patients with severe bronchial or tracheal obstruction and/or with intraluminal bleeding tumors because of inadequate distal airway control. We have used laser tube as a new technique of ventilation for severe central airway obstruction.Materials and MethodsForty‐six patients with severe airway obstruction undergoing rigid bronchoscopy from September 2020 to June 2022 at the Thoracic Surgery Department of the University L. Vanvitelli of Naples underwent placement of laser tube.ResultsIn all patients who underwent rigid bronchoscopy with the use of the laser tube, a reduction of obstruction of more than 50% was obtained and in all patients no hypoxia (saturation < 88%), nor hypercapnia, nor significant bleeding were reported.DiscussionThe results of this study suggest that rigid bronchoscopic debulking with the use of laser tube is a safe and effective technique in the management of central airway obstruction.ConclusionsThe use of the laser tube allows the monitoring of gas exchange, which controls hypoxemia. Thanks to the double cuff put distally to the tracheal obstruction or in the contralateral bronchus to the obstructed one, the laser tube prevents the flooding of blood from debulking below the stenosis. Rigid bronchoscopy with laser tube will expand its use in the future.
The full blood count in screening asymptomatic infants for early‐onset sepsis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Coveney John , O'Loughlin John , Ainle Fionnuala Ní , Drew Richard J. , Boyle Michael A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe full blood count (FBC) is commonly measured as part of a partial septic work‐up in asymptomatic infants at increased risk of early‐onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). To determine the impact of FBC parameters on infants' subsequent management a retrospective cross‐sectional study was performed.MethodsInfants, born at ≥34 weeks gestation, asymptomatic at birth, undergoing a partial septic work‐up and receiving prophylactic antibiotics due to increased risk of EOS in a single centre over a 2‐year period, were included. The primary outcome measure was frequency of FBC result impacting on duration of antibiotic therapy. Secondary outcome measures included frequency of FBC parameters outside of the reference range and incidental diagnoses.ResultsIn total, 16 726 live‐born infants were delivered during the study period. A total of 802 (4.8%) were included. Thirteen infants (1.6%) received a prolonged course of antibiotics due to suspicion for EOS. Two of these infants had elevated white cell counts. All had normal neutrophil counts. In no case did the FBC result influence the decision to prolong the antibiotic course.ConclusionIn a cohort of 802 infants, asymptomatic at birth and at increased risk of EOS, the FBC result did not impact on the decision to prolong the course of antibiotics for suspicion of EOS.
The complexity of dental anxiety and its association with oral health‐related quality of life: An exploratory study
Authors: Aardal Vilde , Evensen Kjersti Berge , Willumsen Tiril , Hervik Bull Vibeke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the factors associated with oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a sample with high dental anxiety. Data were obtained from 107 patients attending a therapeutic treatment program for people who have experienced abuse and for those with dental phobia in Norway. Patients completed questionnaires, including the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear, the Anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance scale, measuring OHRQoL prior to treatment. The various measurement instruments were evaluated psychometrically, and the variables associated with OHRQoL were explored using hierarchical multiple regression. Symptoms of dental anxiety and general anxiety were high, while OHRQoL was poor. Dental anxiety, higher age, higher number of years since the last dental treatment, and higher general anxiety were discernibly associated with lower OHRQoL. The strongest association was found between general anxiety and OHRQoL. In conclusion, several factors were associated with OHRQoL in a sample with high dental anxiety, suggesting a complex picture of dental anxiety. When treating patients with high dental anxiety, dental practitioners should be aware that there may be factors complicating the therapeutic setting, such as general anxiety.
Fish movements in response to environmental flow releases in intermittent rivers
Authors: Carpenter‐Bundhoo Luke , Butler Gavin L. , Bond Nick R. , Thiem Jason D. , Bunn Stuart E. , Kennard Mark J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Variation in river flow is a strong behavioural determinant for the movement of many freshwater fish species and often is linked to key aspects of their life cycle. The alteration of natural flow regimes to meet human water demands can result in changes to this variability, and cause declines in water‐dependent biota. Environmental flows are used as a remediation tool in some regulated rivers with the intention of restoring aspects of the natural flow regime to benefit riverine species, although empirical data are required to inform the efficacy of these interventions.

Using acoustic telemetry, we quantified the movement responses of two large‐bodied native fish species (freshwater catfish, Tandanus tandanus and Murray cod, Maccullochella peelii) to variations in river flow over 4 years in two intermittent regulated rivers in the northern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia. Both rivers received periodic environmental flow releases and also there were several large natural flow events during the study period.

Both species displayed a range of intra‐specific movement behaviours. Analysis of individuals' movements revealed five distinct functional groups, which were represented in both species. We found that periods of environmental flow delivery played an important role in the movement behaviour of both species. Murray cod were more likely to move during periods of environmental flow releases, whereas freshwater catfish were less likely to move on an environmental release following higher antecedent flows.

No large‐scale philopatric movements were observed, yet Murray cod were more likely to move during the breeding period, indicative of nest site selection. We also found that the likelihood of movement in both species was higher in the smaller of the two rivers for a given magnitude of flow.

Our results suggest that environmental flows may benefit certain fish species by facilitating, rather than cueing breeding behaviours, allowing individuals improved access to, and provision of, higher‐quality nesting habitats.

These findings will aid water managers in creating economical and targeted environmental flow releases, timing larger flow pulses for the species with flow‐cued reproductive strategies, and providing a continuity of smaller baseflows for species whose reproduction is not dependent on flow cues but may be enhanced by greater connectivity.
Periphyton and benthivorous fish affect charophyte abundance and indicate hidden nutrient loading in oligo‐ and mesotrophic temperate hardwater lakes
Authors: Alirangues Nuñez Marta Maria , Hussner Andreas , Mauersberger Rüdiger , Brämick Uwe , Hühn Daniel , He Liang , Hilt Sabine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Charophytes are a key group of submerged macrophytes in temperate hardwater lakes, but have declined or been replaced by angiosperms as a result of eutrophication for more than 100 years. At present, this process is continuing in many European lakes despite an overall reduced nutrient loading. In eutrophic lakes, light attenuation by periphyton is a major factor responsible for declining angiosperm abundance. For charophyte declines, the impact of benthivorous and herbivorous fish has been discussed often, yet periphyton shading has been largely neglected.

In our study, we investigated 11 temperate oligo‐mesotrophic (total phosphorus [P] concentrations 9–22 μg/L) hardwater lakes along a gradient of charophyte abundances. Charophyte abundance was mapped using underwater cameras or scuba diving, and coverage was estimated in five classes. Periphyton biomass, nutrient stoichiometry and invertebrate grazer abundance were measured twice on artificial substrates exposed inside and outside fish exclosures for 4 weeks in July and August. Fish biomass was sampled once using multi‐mesh gill netting.

We analysed the relationships between water chemistry (concentrations of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon), periphyton biomass and nutrient stoichiometry, periphytic invertebrate grazers and fish biomass to test (a) whether periphyton biomass was controlled bottom‐up by nutrient availability or top‐down by an omnivorous fish–invertebrate–grazer cascade and (b) whether charophyte abundance was affected by periphyton biomass, benthivorous and herbivorous fish.

Multiple linear regressions revealed that charophyte abundance was significantly predicted by the biomasses of periphyton and benthivorous bream (Abramis brama L.), whereas herbivorous rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus L.) had no significant effect in the investigated lakes. Bream biomass and its proportion in the total fish biomass were linearly related to lake total P concentrations.

Periphyton biomass in the tested lakes reached 0.1–21 g dry weight/m2 and primarily was controlled bottom‐up by P availability as indicated from stoichiometry and positive correlations with grazer abundance. Top‐down control was found in only three lakes, which had significantly lower periphyton biomass inside fish exclosures as compared to controls.

Our data imply that periphyton shading and negative fish impacts on charophytes increase with P loading. Low charophyte abundances at moderate P concentrations in the lake water indicate a high sensitivity of charophytes and/or unnoticed nutrient loading due to nutrient retention by charophyte stands. Management measures thus must focus on reducing nutrient loading and/or benthivorous fish biomass at early stages of impact to preserve charophyte stands in oligo‐mesotrophic hardwater lakes.
IDEAL study: A real‐world assessment of pattern of use and clinical outcomes with recombinant coagulation factor IX albumin fusion protein (rIX‐FP) in patients with haemophilia B in Italy
Authors: Tagliaferri Annarita , Molinari Angelo Claudio , Peyvandi Flora , Coppola Antonio , Demartis Francesco , Biasoli Chiara , Borchiellini Alessandra , Cultrera Dorina , De Cristofaro Raimondo , Daniele Filomena , Giordano Paola , Marchesini Emanuela , Margaglione Maurizio , Marino Renato , Pollio Berardino , Radossi Paolo , Santoro Cristina , Santoro Rita Carlotta , Siragusa Sergio , Sottilotta Gianluca , Tosetto Alberto , Piscitelli Lydia , Villa Maria Rosaria , Zanon Ezio , Finardi Adele , Schiavetti Irene , Vaccari Daniella , Castaman Giancarlo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionFactor IX replacement therapy is used for treatment and prophylaxis of bleeding in haemophilia B. rIX‐FP is an extended half‐life albumin‐fusion protein, which, in clinical studies, has demonstrated prolonged dosing intervals up to 21 days for routine prophylaxis, providing therapeutic benefit.AimsTo describe dosing frequency and consumption (primary endpoint), efficacy and safety of rIX‐FP treatment during routine clinical practice in Italy.MethodsPatients with moderate/severe haemophilia B on prophylaxis with rIX‐FP for ≥6 months, were enrolled in this observational study from October 2017 to February 2019 and followed‐up for 2 years. Descriptive analysis included prospective and retrospective data (12 months prior to switching to rIX‐FP).ResultsData were collected from 59 male patients (median age 30.1 years) enrolled by 23 Italian centres. Of them, 50 were on prophylaxis during the entire observation period and completed the study. The infusion frequency changed from 2–3 times/week in 86.0% of patients with previous treatment, to less than once a week in 84.0% of patients treated with rIX‐FP at the 2nd‐year follow‐up. The annual number of infusions decreased by about 70%, whereas the mean FIX activity trough level increased from 3.8% to 14.4% (mean > 10% in all the infusion regimens). Median Annualised Bleeding Rate of .0 was achieved across all prophylaxis regimens. Subjects with zero bleedings increased from 66.0% to 78.0% with rIX‐FP.ConclusionTreatment with rIX‐FP reduced infusion frequency, while providing higher FIX trough levels with substantial benefit in terms of annualised bleeding rate and a good safety profile.
The effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on headache‐related disability among young adults with migraine
Authors: Thaxter Lauren Y. , Smitherman Todd A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore the relationship between the COVID‐19 pandemic and headache‐related disability among a sample of young adults with migraine.BackgroundComorbid psychological symptoms compound migraine‐related disability. Due to COVID‐19 pandemic procedures, many students experienced institutional closures and corresponding increases in depression, stress, and anxiety. The present study sought to examine changes in headache‐related disability before (Spring and Fall of 2019) and during (Fall of 2020 and Spring 2021) the COVID‐19 pandemic and whether psychological symptoms mediated such changes.MethodsA cross‐sectional study at a southern U.S. university assessed 365 individuals with migraine on headache and psychological variables, comparing those surveyed before COVID‐19 with another group surveyed during the pandemic. The direct and indirect effects of COVID‐19 status (pre‐ versus during COVID‐19) on headache‐related disability through depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were assessed.ResultsStatistically higher levels of depression, (M = 13.9 [SD = 12.2] vs. M = 8.7 [SD = 8.7], p < 0.001), anxiety (12.3 [10.0] vs. 9.7 [8.2], p = 0.01), and stress symptoms (17.6 [10.2] vs. 13.2 [7.9], p < 0.001) were endorsed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The direct path from COVID‐19 status to headache‐related disability was significant and negative, c′ = −1.6 (95% CI: −3.1, −0.1). Anxiety (b = 0.3 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.9]) and depression (b = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.07, 1.4]) symptoms acted as mediators of this relationship, rendering the total effect nonsignificant and negating the lowered disability observed during the pandemic. Only depression symptoms remained a significant mediator after controlling for headache frequency (b = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.09, 1.4]).ConclusionsIncreased depression and anxiety symptoms attenuated the improvements in disability associated with the pandemic. As such, interventions that address comorbid psychological symptoms may hold value in reducing headache‐related disability and improving outcomes for young adults whose headache developed or worsened during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
The correlation between nutritional and health potential and antioxidant properties of raw edible oils from cultivated and wild plants
Authors: Martysiak‐Żurowska Dorota , Orzołek Małgorzata 
Published: November 2022

SummaryThe nutritional properties and health potential of oils from 15 various cultivated and wild plants were investigated on the basis of the fatty acids profiles, total carotenoids and tocopherols content, antioxidant properties and health potential indexes such as atherogenicity index (AI). The oil contents of the plants varied between 0.9 g/100 g for lychee seeds and 29.7 g/100 g for borage seeds. The tocopherol content in oils ranged from 0.31 (lingonberry fruits) to 226.23 mg/100 g (hawthorn pulp), carotenoids ranged from 0.36 (borage seeds) to 14.22 mg/100 g (blackcurrant seeds). In four oils (raspberry seed, strawberry seed, lingonberry fruits, blackcurrant seeds) the PUFA contents contributed over 70% of the total fatty acids (FA), which was associated with the best values health potential indexes. It was found that TAC (Total Antioxidant Capacity) can be an indirect measure of the levels of carotenoids and tocopherols in oils. Additionally, a positive correlation between the level of carotenoids and the FA n‐3 was demonstrated. Determining such relationships may facilitate research into new sources of valuable edible oils useful for the production of functional foods, dietary supplements and cosmetics.
Segmentación legal y primer colonialismo en África Subsahariana. Informalidad y empleo típico colonial en condiciones de explotación
Authors: FECHNER Heiner 
Published: November 2022

ResumenLos mercados laborales de África Subsahariana se caracterizan por una división de género entre los sectores formal e informal, que proviene de una racionalidad introducida por la segmentación legal colonial racista con sesgo de género en varios regímenes jurídicos dentro y fuera de la legislación laboral. La segmentación en los entornos poscoloniales no puede entenderse ni superarse sin analizar los orígenes institucionales coloniales específicos de mercantilización del trabajo. El «empleo típico colonial en condiciones de explotación» en África Subsahariana favorecía la contratación formal de hombres negros africanos al servicio de empleadores europeos, excluyendo o marginando a las mujeres y las relaciones laborales domésticas.
NR4A1 mediates NK‐cell dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma via the IFN‐γ/p‐STAT1/IRF1 pathway
Authors: Yu Weiwei , He Jianbo , Wang Fei , He Qifeng , Shi Yuze , Tao Xuewen , Sun Beicheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal tumours worldwide and has a high recurrence rate. Nevertheless, the mechanism of HCC genesis remains partly unexplored, while the efficiency of HCC treatments remains limited. The present study analysed the expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) in tumour‐infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells derived from both human patients with HCC and tumour‐bearing mouse models, as well as the features of NR4A1high and NR4A1low NK cells. In addition, knockout of NR4A1 by CRISPR/Cas9 and adoptive transfer experiments were applied to verify the function of NR4A1 in both tumour‐infiltrating NK cells and anti‐PD‐1 therapy. The present study found that NR4A1 was significantly highly expressed in tumour‐infiltrating NK cells, which mediated the dysfunction of tumour‐infiltrating NK cells by regulating the IFN‐γ/p‐STAT1/IRF1 signalling pathway. Knockout of NR4A1 in NK cells not only restored the antitumour function of NK cells but also enhanced the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 therapy. The present findings suggest a regulatory role of NR4A1 in the immune progress of NK cells against HCC, which may provide a new direction for immunotherapies of HCC.
A meta‐analysis examined the effect of stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chang Zimeng , Liu Liang , She Canfang , Ren Wei , Chen Hua , Zhou Caihong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo assess the impact of a stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer, we conducted a meta‐analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 revealed that 3223 participants had colorectal cancer at the start of the investigations; 258 of them had a stoma, while 2965 did not have a stoma. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed‐effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of a stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer. The stoma present had significantly higher surgical site wound infections (OR, 4.37; 95% CI, 3.08–6.21; P < 0.001) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 12%) compared to stoma absent in colorectal cancer. The stoma present had significantly higher surgical site wound infections compared to the stoma absent in colorectal cancer. The low number of selected studies in the meta‐analysis calls for care when analysing the results.