bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased spliceosome fidelity and egl-8 intron retention inhibit mTORC1 signaling to promote longevity
Authors: Huang Wenming , Kew Chun , Fernandes Stephanie de Alcantara , Löhrke Anna , Han Lynn , Demetriades Constantinos , Antebi Adam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChanges in splicing fidelity are associated with loss of homeostasis and aging, yet only a handful of splicing factors have been shown to be causally required to promote longevity, and the underlying mechanisms and downstream targets in these paradigms remain elusive. Surprisingly, we found a hypomorphic mutation within ribonucleoprotein RNP-6/poly(U)-binding factor 60 kDa (PUF60), a spliceosome component promoting weak 3′-splice site recognition, which causes aberrant splicing, elevates stress responses and enhances longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Through genetic suppressor screens, we identify a gain-of-function mutation within rbm-39, an RNP-6-interacting splicing factor, which increases nuclear speckle formation, alleviates splicing defects and curtails longevity caused by rnp-6 mutation. By leveraging the splicing changes induced by RNP-6/RBM-39 activities, we uncover intron retention in egl-8/phospholipase C β4 (PLCB4) as a key splicing target prolonging life. Genetic and biochemical evidence show that neuronal RNP-6/EGL-8 downregulates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling to control organismal lifespan. In mammalian cells, PUF60 downregulation also potently and specifically inhibits mTORC1 signaling. Altogether, our results reveal that splicing fidelity modulates lifespan through mTOR signaling.
Distance similarity measure based profiling attacks against masked chips
Authors: Li Dejian , Hu Yi , Feng Xi , Gao Shunxian , Liu Huizhi , Hu Xiaobo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe attack price of higher order side channel attacks (HOSCA) grows exponentially with the mask order. When the mask order is larger than 3, HOSCA can be inapplicable. In light of this, the distance similarity measure based profiling attack (DSMPA) is proposed. In DSMPA, the leakage property of masks can be characterised in a profiling scenario and the so called templates can be obtained. Then, DSM can be used to recover mask values with templates. With mask values recovered, the effect of masking disappears and one can use first‐order side‐channel attacks to recover the secret key used by a masked chip. The key‐recovery efficiency of DSMPA is evaluated in real scenarios, and the advantage of DSMPA over HOSCA in terms of the key‐recovery efficiency can be obvious under the success rate metric. Overall, the contribution of this work may provide evaluators a powerful tool to evaluate the security of masked chips.
Computer-Aided System of the Mandibular Cortical Bone Porosity Assessment on Digital Panoramic Radiographs
Authors: Astuti Eha R. , Arifin Agus Z. , Indraswari Rarasmaya , Putra Ramadhan H. , Ramadhani Nastiti F. , Pramatika Berty 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives The loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in various sites of the body, including the mandible, is the main sign of osteoporosis. Thus, the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system was developed for bone density assessment and patients were classified into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups using a digital panoramic radiograph.
Material and Methods Data of dental panoramic radiographs and corresponding BMD assessments from 123 postmenopausal women were collected. For the proposed CAD system test, regions of interest (ROI) that were located below the left and right mental foramen on dental panoramic radiographs were determined. The width and texture of the mandibular cortical bone in each ROI were used to classify the data into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis classes. The width of the mandibular cortical was measured using the polynomial fitting method. The texture feature of the cortical bone is obtained by calculating the average value of the grayscale intensity of cortical bone. The classification result was obtained by using a multiclass support vector machine.
Results The experimental results using 10-fold cross-validation showed that the proposed system achieved an average accuracy of 86.50% for osteoporosis classification on dental panoramic radiographs. The average misclassification error and relative foreground area error of the segmentation process were 5.21 and 12.98%, respectively. From the analysis of the cortical width measurement process, highest average mandibular cortical width (MCW) was found in the normal patient category compared with the other classes.
Conclusion This research showed that the proposed computer-aided system can be used for osteoporosis and osteopenia assessment by measuring the MCW and texture on dental panoramic radiographs with the average system accuracy of 89.52%.
Are Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization and Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars Predictive of Dental Caries?: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ben Salem Mouna , Chouchene Farah , Masmoudi Fatma , Baaziz Ahlem , Maatouk Fethi , Ghedira Hichem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo estimate the prevalence of dental caries among children affected concomitantly with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM).Electronic databases, including Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Science Direct, were searched. Studies written in English involving children with MIH-HSPM and dental caries were considered eligible. Two reviewers extracted the data according to the PRISMA statement and assessed the bias risk with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria.Out of 535 studies identified in the initial research, only two articles were included in the present review. A significant association between MIH-HSPM and dental caries in permanent dentition was reported in the two included records (AOR: 3.70; p < 0.001). Children with MIH-HSPM expressed significantly higher DMFT and PUFA values than children without MIH-HSPM. However, dmft values did not differ significantly between children with and without HSPM (1.79 [2.4] vs. 1.78 [2.5]; 1.88 [2.73] vs. 1.59 [2.53], respectively.MIH-HSPM lesions were correlated with a higher prevalence and more severe carious lesions in permanent dentition. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because the findings were generated by only two studies performed by the same authors. Thus, further well-designed studies are highly recommended.
Idiopathic Aneurysm of the Aortic Arch in an Infant
Authors: Cvitkovic Tomislav , Petena Elena , Sarikouch Samir , Neubert Lavinia , Beerbaum Philipp , Horke Alexander , Bobylev Dmitry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCongenital aortic aneurysms are rare disorders, usually associated with genetic aortic syndromes. Here, we describe the case of an idiopathic aortic arch aneurysm which had been diagnosed prenatally by fetal echocardiography. The diagnosis was confirmed after birth in the neonatal period and successful surgical resection of the aneurysm was performed at the age of 3 months. The idiopathic etiology of the aneurysm, its localization, and the early surgical resection render this case very unusual.
Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Tinea Corporis: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Laskar Bakibillah , Paul Swapan , Chattopadhyay Abhijit , Karuppusamy Avaranjika , Balamurugan Dharshna , Bhakta Puja , Das Sourav , Pal Siddhartha , Singh Navin Kumar , Koley Munmun , Saha Subhranil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Tinea corporis (TC; ringworm or dermatophytosis) is a superficial skin infection caused by Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Trichophyton genera of dermatophytes. We compared the effects of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) in fifty-millesimal (LM) potencies against placebo in TC.
Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two parallel arms trial was conducted on 62 individuals suffering from TC at the National Institute of Homoeopathy, India. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either IHMs in LM potencies or identical-looking placebos for a period of 3 months. The primary outcome measure was the number of participants showing complete disappearance of skin lesions after 3 months. Secondary outcomes were a numeric rating scale (NRS) measuring intensity of itching and the Skindex-29 questionnaire (overall, and three sub-scales – degree of symptoms, psychological functioning, emotional status). All were assessed at baseline and every month, up to 3 months. The intention-to-treat sample was analyzed to detect inter-group differences using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance after adjusting for baseline differences.
Results The primary outcome revealed no improvement in either of the groups (χ
2 = 0.012, p = 0.999). Inter-group differences in some of the secondary outcomes favored IHMs against placebo – itching NRS (mean group difference after 3 months: −0.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], −1.1 to −0.4; p = 0.001); Skindex-29 overall (mean group difference after 3 months: 3.2 [95% CI, −0.6 to 7.0; p = 0.009]); Skindex-29 degree of symptoms (mean group difference after 3 months: 0.9 [95% CI, −0.2 to 1.9; p = 0.007]); and Skindex-29 psychological functioning (mean group difference after 3 months: 1.7 [95% CI, 0–3.4; p = 0.002]).
Conclusion Results were negative on the primary outcome; however, secondary outcomes included some statistically significant results favoring IHMs against placebo after 3 months.
Trial registration CTRI/2019/11/021999; UTN: U1111–1242–0070.
The Relationship between Gynecological Cancer Awareness and Self-Care Agency in Married Women
Authors: Alp Dal Nursel , Beydağ K. Derya , Ikde Öner Özlem 
Published: September 2022

Objective This study was conducted to determine the relationship between gynecological cancer awareness and self-care agency among married women.Materials and Methods This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed with 819 women who presented to the obstetrics polyclinic of a hospital located in the west of Turkey between December 15, 2020 and April 15, 2021. The data of the study were collected by using the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) and the Gynecological Cancers Awareness Scale (GCAS).Results The mean age of the participants was 37.62 ± 9.181 years. The mean ESCA score of the women who participated in this study was 95.89 ± 25.060, which indicated moderate levels of self-care agency. The mean total GCAS score of the participants of this study was 156.57 ± 32.930, which indicated high levels of gynecological cancer awareness among the women. As the self-care agency of the women increased, their awareness of gynecological cancers also increased.Conclusion Midwives and nurses who provide preventive and supportive healthcare services may affect the self-care agency of women positively by gynecological cancer awareness they will raise in these women.
The Role of Modified Killian's Method in the Evaluation of Hypopharyngeal and Supraglottic Cancers
Authors: Amar Priyanka Schilling , Syed Kamran Asif , Michael Rajiv C. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives Hypopharyngeal cancer is one of the upper aerodigestive tract malignancies with the poorest prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the role of modified Killian's (MK) method in routine, outpatient-based flexible laryngoscopy to improve visualization and assess the extent of supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancers.
Materials and Methods An observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in India where fifty consecutive patients who presented to the outpatient clinic with suspected hypopharyngeal and supraglottic malignancy underwent a conventional laryngoscopy as well as MK method. The site and extent of the tumor on endoscopy were recorded and the videos were graded independently by two investigators on Murono's scale from 1 to 5. A subset of these patients who underwent direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia was also scored with the above scale. The scores were compared to check the accuracy of flexible laryngoscopy with the MK method in staging cancer.
Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were given using mean (standard deviation [SD]) for continuous variables and frequency (percentage) for categorical variables. The difference between the mean scores was analyzed using the paired-t test. The agreement between the scales and the observer, that is, the inter- and intraobserver agreement, was presented with concordance rate and Kappa weighted analysis.
Results In this study, the mean scores of the Murono's scale grading of the conventional method, MK method, and direct laryngoscopy were 1.42 (SD: 0.64), 2.94 (SD: 0.95), and 4.30 (SD: 1.49), respectively, which showed significant improvement in scores with MK method. In addition, the subset analysis demonstrated a significant agreement between direct laryngoscopy and MK method.
Conclusion The MK method is a good diagnostic test and a valuable adjunct to diagnostic flexible laryngoscopy in the evaluation and staging of hypopharyngeal and supraglottic cancers.
Characterization of Pediatric Patients with Rheumatological Diseases Admitted to a Single Tertiary Health Hospital's Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Latin America
Authors: Erazo-Martínez Valeria , Ruiz-Ordoñez Ingrid , Álvarez Carolina , Serrano Laura , Aragón Cristian C. , Tobón Gabriel J. , Concha Sandra , Lasso Rubén , Ramírez Lyna- 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost autoimmune diseases (AIDs) during childhood debut with more severe and aggressive forms, with life-threatening conditions that increase the need for intensive care therapy. This study describes the clinical, laboratory, and health outcome features of pediatric patients with AIDs admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that included the clinical records of all pediatric patients with AIDs admitted to the PICU between 2011 and 2020 in Cali, Colombia. In total, 225 PICU admissions from 136 patients were evaluated. Median age was 13 (11–15) years, and the median disease duration was 15 (5–38.5) months. Systemic lupus erythematosus was the most prevalent disease (91, 66.9%), followed by vasculitis (27, 19.8%). The leading cause of PICU admission was AID activity (95, 44.3%). C-reactive-protein levels were associated with infections (p <0.0394). Mortality occurred in 12 (8.8%) patients secondary to AID activity, primarily, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (6, 50%). A longer disease duration was associated with mortality (p <0.00398). AID activity was the leading cause of PICU admission and mortality. Pulse steroid therapy, mechanical ventilation, and inotropic and vasopressor support were associated with nonsurvival.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Match
Authors: Whisonant Cees T. , Shahriari Shawhin R. K. , McDonald Casey , Hough Tyler , Ederle Amanda C. , Borah Gregory L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction Matching into an orthopaedic surgery residency program presents a challenging accomplishment for applicants to achieve in any given year. Due to the profound changes to the application process caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic it was theorized that there would be a change in the number of graduates matching close to their home medical school region, state, and program.
Methods Orthopaedic surgery residency program Web sites and social media accounts were accessed to elucidate current resident data, including graduates' medical school, and geographical location of their school. Chi-square analysis was performed to identify trends in current residents matching within their home program, state, and region associated with the 2021 orthopaedic match. These numbers were compared with previous year's successful applicants.
Results In 2021, a significant 4.4% (p=0.02) increase in successful matches within applicants' home states occurred (33.4% vs. 37.8%) and home programs (p<0.001) when compared with previous years (21.2% vs. 27.4%). However, in 2021, there was no significant change in home region matching (p=0.56) with 60% of successful matches occurring in home regions. This was statistically consistent with what was observed in previous years (61.4%).
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with restrictions in travel and interview options resulting in a significant increase in the number of orthopaedic applicants who matched into their home program, or at programs in their home state compared with previous years. Although no statistically significant regional change occurred during the 2021 match, it remains the leading predictor of where successful applicants will match. With many unknowns related to the upcoming match cycles it is important for applicants and programs to have a general idea of recent trends and outcomes to best focus their efforts, especially if diversity and minority inclusion are considered in highly competitive specialties like orthopaedic surgery.
Use of Locking Compression Plate and Locking Compression T-Plate for Surgical Arthrodesis of the Carpometacarpal and Distal Tarsal Joints in 13 Horses
Authors: Lambert Jenna L. , García-López José M. , Gasiorowski Janik C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use of the locking compression plate (LCP) and locking compression T-plate (LCTP) in cases of carpometacarpal and distal tarsal arthrodesis for the treatment of osteoarthritis and small carpal or tarsal bone fractures, and to document clinical outcomes.
Study Design Case records of horses treated with carpometacarpal or distal tarsal arthrodesis via internal fixation using an LCP or LCTP between 2013 and 2021 were reviewed. All cases were evaluated retrospectively. Follow-up information was gained via phone conversation with owners and referring veterinarians.
Results Data were collected for 13 horses that fulfilled the study criteria. A total of eight horses underwent distal tarsal arthrodesis, and five underwent carpometacarpal arthrodesis. Twelve of thirteen horses went back to some level of athletic performance. Eight of 13 returned to the same level, while 4 of 13 returned to a lower level. Minor postoperative complications were recorded in 3 of 13 cases, with all horses suffering manageable short-term complications returning to the same level of work. Two horses suffered a major complication, with one resulting in euthanasia.
Conclusion Carpometacarpal and distal tarsal arthrodesis performed using the LCP and LCTP allowed all surviving horses in the study to obtain immediate postoperative comfort and eventual return to use.
Breast Carcinoma Receptor Expression in a Caribbean Population
Authors: Ramdass Michael J. , Gonzales Joshua , Maharaj Dale , Simeon Donald , Barrow Shaheeba 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrinidad and Tobago are islands in the Southern Caribbean with a unique mix of races within the population consisting of East Indian (EI) (37.6%), Afro-Caribbean (AC) (36.3%), mixed (24.2%), and Caucasian, Chinese, Lebanese, Syrian, Amerindian, and Spanish groups accounting for 1.9%. It makes it suitable for a comparison of breast carcinoma receptor expression within a fixed environment. This study included 257 women with an age range of 28 to 93 years (mean = 57.2, standard deviation = 15.0), peak age group of 51 to 60 consisting of 105 EI, 119 AC, and 33 mixed descent. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 88%, invasive lobular 9.7%, and ductal carcinoma in situ 2.3%. The triple-negative rates were 24.8, 33.6, and 30.3% for EI, AC, and mixed races, respectively, with the Pearson's chi-square test revealing statistical significance for the AC versus EI (p < 0.001); AC versus mixed (p < 0.001); and EI versus mixed (p = 0.014) groups. The overall estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth receptor (HER) expression negative rates were 52, 64, and 79%, respectively. Chi-square test of the following combinations: ER +/PR +/HER + ; ER +/PR +/HER − ; ER −/PR −/HER + ; ER +/PR −/HER + ; ER +/PR −/HER − ; ER −/PR +/HER + ; ER −/PR +/HER− revealed no statistical differences (p = 0.689).
The Understanding and Impact of COVID-19 and Pandemic Policies on Syrian and Other Arabic-Speaking Refugees in Tampa, Florida
Authors: Harb Ahmad M. , Ninesling Brennan , Ortega Cotte Alfredo , Oxner Asa , Menezes Lynette J. , Mahoney Dillon , Baer Roberta D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Vulnerable communities around the world, such as Syrian refugees, faced increased social and financial strain due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We evaluated the underlying issues and inequities of Arabic-speaking refugees during the pandemic.
Methods Data were collected from Arabic-speaking refugees (N = 20) in July 2020, using an online 97-item questionnaire, in short response and multiple-choice formats.
Results Participants' reports indicate adequate knowledge about COVID-19 symptoms and preventative measures, but experienced linguistic, financial, and cultural challenges during the pandemic. “Essential” low-paying occupations put the population at risk for COVID-19. Local mosques and nonprofits have provided essential social support and food.
Conclusion Syrian and Arabic-speaking refugees reported several problems suggesting the need for increased understanding of this understudied, marginalized, and vulnerable population. Making resources and governmental programs more accessible is critical, so refugees can better access information regarding jobs, housing, and education. Organizations central to community support, including mosques, should be assisted.
Contribution of Serial Focused High-Resolution Renal Ultrasound in the Management of a Neonate in Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Gothi Rajesh , Raj Dinesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost newborns begin urinating within 24hours of life, and almost always by 48hours. Rarely, some of them are anuric beyond 24hours, thereby causing concern to parents and treating doctors. We report the case of a newborn who presented with anuria till 48hours after birth. High-resolution ultrasound examination, focusing on the renal medulla, demonstrated increased echogenicity at the tip of the pyramids. This was attributed to slow clearance of urinary sediment deposited there, which was causing obstruction to the urinary outflow. On monitoring serially over the next few days, the echogenic sludge was observed being slowly eliminated leading thereby to improvement in the urinary output. High-resolution ultrasound focusing on the renal pyramids played an important role in the observation and management of this transient event unfolding, in the urinary tract.