bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The unexpectedly short Holocene Humid Period in Northern Arabia
Authors: Neugebauer Ina , Dinies Michèle , Plessen Birgit , Dräger Nadine , Brauer Achim , Brückner Helmut , Frenzel Peter , Gleixner Gerd , Hoelzmann Philipp , Krahn Kim J. , Pint Anna , Schwab Valérie F. , Schwarz Anja , Tjallingii Rik , Engel Max 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe early to middle Holocene Humid Period led to a greening of today’s arid Saharo-Arabian desert belt. While this phase is well defined in North Africa and the Southern Arabian Peninsula, robust evidence from Northern Arabia is lacking. Here we fill this gap with unprecedented annually to sub-decadally resolved proxy data from Tayma, the only known varved lake sediments in Northern Arabia. Based on stable isotopes, micro-facies analyses and varve and radiocarbon dating, we distinguish five phases of lake development and show that the wet phase in Northern Arabia from 8800–7900 years BP is considerably shorter than the commonly defined Holocene Humid Period (~11,000–5500 years BP). Moreover, we find a two century-long peak humidity at times when a centennial-scale dry anomaly around 8200 years BP interrupted the Holocene Humid Period in adjacent regions. The short humid phase possibly favoured Neolithic migrations into Northern Arabia representing a strong human response to environmental changes.
The role of synthesis vis-à-vis the oxygen vacancies of Co3O4 in the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Roy Saraswati , Devaraj Nayana , Tarafder Kartick , Chakraborty Chanchal , Roy Sounak 
Published: March 2022

The combustion synthesized Co3O4 due to high oxygen vacancies exhibited a significant oxygen evolution reaction as has been probed by electrocatalytic experiments and DFT calculations.
Die senile Katarakt
Authors: Neuhann Irmingard , Neuhann Lukas , Neuhann Thomas 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Vorstellung der alten Griechen war, dass eine trübe Flüssigkeit über das Auge herabrinne – daher die vom Verb καταρρηγνυναι = herabfließen hergeleitete Bezeichnung. Diese Auffassung zur
Pathophysiologie der Katarakt hat sich heute grundlegend geändert.
Neue Radiopharmaka beim Lymphom-Imaging
Authors: Haug Alexander 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie FDG PET hat in der Bildgebung von aggressiven Lymphomen einen festen Stellenwert, insbesondere im initialen Staging und in der Beurteilung des Therapieansprechens. Die FLT PET, ein Surrogatparameter der Proliferation, hat im Beurteilen des Therapieansprechens bei DLBCL jedoch eine signifikant bessere Genauigkeit gegenüber der FDG PET, auch was das PFS, die Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit und das Überleben betrifft. Indolente Lymphome sind häufig FDG-negativ, exprimieren jedoch in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl CXCR4, an das [68Ga]-Pentixafor bindet. Die [68Ga]-Pentixafor-PET hat hier vielversprechende Ergebnisse gezeigt. Bei verschiedenen indolenten NHL, insbesondere bei MALT-Lymphomen, Marginalzonenlymphomen, Mantelzelllymphomen sowie dem Morbus Waldenström hat die [68Ga]-Pentixafor-PET Sensitivitäten nahe an 100 % gezeigt und könnte sich zum neuen Standard entwickeln. Auch in der Bildgebung von ZNS-Lymphomen konnte die hohe diagnostische Genauigkeit der [68Ga]-Pentixafor-PET gezeigt werden.
Vergleich von hoch- und mittelintensiven Gewichtsabnahmeprogrammen
bei Adipositas Grad 2 und 3 – eine randomisierte klinische
Untersuchung
Authors: Schröder Guido , Boldt Raimond , Kundt Günther , Hamann Franka , Schober Hans-Christof 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Adipositas ist eine multifaktoriell verursachte Erkrankung mit steigender
Prävalenz. Sie geht häufig einher mit einer verminderten
körperlichen Belastbarkeit und Beschwerden in den beanspruchten
Gelenken. Gleichzeitig besteht ein erhöhtes Risiko für Diabetes
mellitus Typ 2, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen und Tumoren. In vielen
Fällen ist der Lebensalltag der Patienten spürbar
eingeschränkt. Die derzeitige Therapie besteht aus einer
Ernährungs- und Verhaltensumstellung sowie adäquater Bewegung.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es zu prüfen, inwiefern ein
klinikeigenes Trainingsprogramm herkömmlichen multimodalen
Therapieregimen im Hinblick auf die Gewichts- und BMI-Reduktion
ebenbürtig oder gar überlegen ist. Zugleich wurde der Einfluss
der Trainingsmaßnahmen auf den Blutdruck, den Blutzucker, das
Cholesterin und die Lipoproteine untersucht. Insgesamt wurden 59
Adipositaspatienten per Losverfahren zwei Behandlungsgruppen zugeteilt, wobei
die eine Gruppe traditionelle multimodale Therapiemaßnahmen (DOC-Weight,
DW) und die andere Gruppe ein klinikeigenes Training (SMART-Weight, SW)
absolvierte, jeweils wöchentlich über einen Zeitraum von 12
Monaten. Das Studiendesign entsprach einer monozentrischen und randomisierten
Untersuchung zweier Behandlungsgruppen. Die Datenaufnahme erfolgte zu drei
Messzeitpunkten: zu Interventionsbeginn, nach 6 sowie nach 12 Monaten. 37
Patienten (63%) nahmen bis zum Schluss an der Untersuchung teil. Beide
Gruppen trainierten multimodal – die Faktoren Ernährung,
Verhalten und Bewegung.In beiden Gruppen ließen sich positive und statistisch signifikante
Trainingseffekte hinsichtlich der Reduzierung des BMI und des Bauchumfangs
nachweisen. Zudem reduzierte sich der diastolische Blutdruck nur in der Gruppe
SW sehr signifikant. Gleichzeitig verminderte sich in dieser Gruppe das
Cholesterin in signifikantem Umfang. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung sollte
auch die Frage der Einflussfaktoren auf den Therapieerfolg (Reduzierung des BMI
um 5% nach 12 Monaten) geklärt werden. Es sind der
Blutzuckerspiegel, der Bauchumfang und tendenziell das Geschlecht.Die Untersuchungsergebnisse bestätigen die bekannten positiven Effekte
multimodaler Therapien hinsichtlich der Reduzierung von BMI und Bauchumfang.
Gleichzeitig konnte mit dem klinikeigenen Therapieprogramm eine
Behandlungsalternative aufgezeigt werden, die eine nochmalige Verbesserung des
diastolischen Blutdrucks und des Cholesterins mit sich bringt.
Progression of Visual Field Damage within Clusters Depends on Preexisting Damage
Authors: Burkart Lukas , Freiberg Florentina , Orguel Selim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose To investigate, in a routine clinical setting, how global progression or progression within visual field clusters depends on preexisting damage.
Methods Glaucoma patients with a visual field damage of at least 3 dB at baseline and a series of at least 5 good quality examinations were scrutinized retrospectively. The change in
visual field damage within 10 visual field clusters was assessed in a mixed linear effects model with age, baseline global mean deviation (MD), baseline cluster MD, and observation time as
covariates. In addition, progression was tested for a global MD rate with age, baseline global MD, and observation time as covariates.
Results A total of 50 patients with a mean (± SD) age of 78 (± 13) years and a baseline global mean defect (MD) of 7.6 dB (± 4.4) fulfilling the selection criteria were identified
between 2001 and 2019 out of 5019 patients in a visual field database of a tertiary ophthalmology center. Baseline visual field damage (global MD) correlated positively (p < 0.001) with
the progression rate within clusters, but not with the global MD rate (p = 0.075). Higher age was a significant predictor for more rapid progression in both models (p < 0.001).
Conclusion In this retrospective study of patients in a routine clinical setting, who were not enrolled in studies, and simply receiving routine clinical care, analyzing progression
within visual field clusters was more sensitive than assessing the global MD rate.
Super-Utilizers of Inpatient Care in an Obstetrical Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Keselowsky Kerri , Rosen Todd , Hadaya Ola , Khan Shama , Ananth Cande V. 
Published: March 2022

Objective The aim of the study is to estimate hospital charges (HC) and length of stay (LOS) for pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum and to characterize the outliers who utilize a disproportionate share of health care resources.
Study Design We performed a cross-sectional study of 500 subjects at a tertiary center between 2012 and 2014. Subjects were included who had inpatient status and an ICD-9 code for pregnancy; those with an ICD-9 code for ectopic pregnancy were excluded. Data were collected 266 days prior to the estimated date of delivery (EDD) and up to 42 days post-delivery. Medical diagnoses, obstetrical details, demographics, HC, and LOS were collected. Super-utilizers (SUs) were selected as patients with total HC exceeding $75,000, those who incurred $75,000 or less were assigned to the typical utilizer (TU) group.
Results HC was positively skewed, with median's (interquartile range) of $151,143 (97,707–198,732) and $28,186 (19,292–38,943) among SUs and TUs, respectively. Despite the low proportion of SU patients (7%, n = 36), they accounted for 30% of charges. Similarly, SUs had longer LOS (16 vs. 3 days, p <0.05). They had earlier deliveries (34.5 vs. 38.5 weeks, p <0.05), higher cesarean section rates (69 vs. 35%, p <0.05), and more hysterectomies (8.3 vs. 0%, p <0.05). The most common complications in SUs were preterm labor (33.3 vs. 5.4%, p <0.05) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (25 vs. 3.9%, p< 0.05). The most common pre-existing condition in SUs was chronic hypertension (11.1 vs. 3%, p< 0.05).
Conclusion Although SUs comprise only 7% of the obstetrical population, they account for almost a third of the total HCs; in turn, SUs are at risk of adverse outcomes. Targeting this population can guide efforts to improve maternal health through prevention, research, and personalized care. SUs may have clustering at hospitals with higher levels of care and this topic warrants further investigation with state and national level data.
Key Points
Prediction of Cerebral Palsy or Death among Preterm Infants Who Survive the Neonatal Period
Authors: Peaceman Alan M. , Mele Lisa , Rouse Dwight J. , Leveno Kenneth J. , Mercer Brian M. , Varner Michael W. , Reddy Uma M. , Wapner Ronald J. , Sorokin Yoram , Thorp John M. , Ramin Susan M. , Malone Fergal D. , O'Sullivan Mary J. , Dudley Donald J. , Caritis Steve N. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network
Published: March 2022

Objective To assess whether neonatal morbidities evident by the time of hospital discharge are associated with subsequent cerebral palsy (CP) or death.
Study Design This is a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter placebo-controlled trial of magnesium sulfate for the prevention of CP. The association between prespecified intermediate neonatal outcomes (n = 11) and demographic and clinical factors (n = 10) evident by the time of discharge among surviving infants (n = 1889) and the primary outcome of death or moderate/severe CP at age 2 (n = 73) was estimated, and a prediction model was created.
Results Gestational age in weeks at delivery (odds ratio [OR]: 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–0.83), grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (OR: 5.3, CI: 2.1–13.1), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) (OR: 46.4, CI: 20.6–104.6), and male gender (OR: 2.5, CI: 1.4–4.5) were associated with death or moderate/severe CP by age 2. Outcomes not significantly associated with the primary outcome included respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, seizure, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal hypotension, 5-minute Apgar score, sepsis, and retinopathy of prematurity. Using all patients, the receiver operating characteristic curve for the final prediction model had an area under the curve of 0.84 (CI: 0.78–0.89). Using these data, the risk of death or developing CP by age 2 can be calculated for individual surviving infants.
Conclusion IVH and PVL were the only neonatal complications evident at discharge that contributed to an individual infant's risk of the long-term outcomes of death or CP by age 2. A model that includes these morbidities, gestational age at delivery, and gender is predictive of subsequent neurologic sequelae.
Key Points
The Immediate Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Anticoagulation Control in Patients Using Vitamin K Antagonists
Authors: Visser Chantal , Biedermann Joseph S. , Nierman Melchior C. , van der Meer Felix J.M. , Gulpen Anouk J.W. , Moors Yvonne C.F. , Cannegieter Suzanne C. , Lijfering Willem M. , Kruip Marieke J.H.A. ,   on behalf of the Dutch COVID & Thrombosis Coalition
Published: March 2022

Background In January 2021, the Dutch vaccination program against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was started. Clinical studies have shown that systemic reactions occur in up to 50% of vaccine recipients. Therefore, COVID-19 vaccination could affect anticoagulation control, potentially leading to an increased risk of thrombotic events and bleeding complications.
Aims This article investigates whether the BNT162b2 vaccine affects anticoagulation control in outpatients using vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Methods A case-crossover study was performed in a cohort of outpatient VKA users from four Dutch anticoagulation clinics who received a BNT162b2 vaccine. International normalized ratio (INR) results and VKA dosages before the first vaccination, the reference period, were compared with those after the first and second vaccination.
Results A total of 3,148 outpatient VKA users were included, with a mean age (standard deviation) of 86.7 (8.7) years, of whom 43.8% were male, 67.0% used acenocoumarol, and 33.0% phenprocoumon. We observed a decrease of 8.9% of INRs within range in the standard intensity group (target INR 2.0–3.0). There was both an increased risk of supratherapeutic (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.67]) and subtherapeutic levels (OR = 1.40 [95% CI 1.08–1.83]) after first vaccination. In the high-intensity group (target INR 2.5–3.5), the risk of a supratherapeutic INR was 2.3 times higher after first vaccination (OR = 2.29 [95% CI 1.22–4.28]) and 3.3 times higher after second vaccination (OR = 3.25 [95% CI 1.06–9.97]).
Conclusion BNT162b2 was associated with an immediate negative effect on anticoagulation control in patients treated with VKAs, so it is advisable to monitor the INR shortly after vaccination, even in stable patients.
The impact of initial public offerings on SMEs’ foreign investment decisions
Authors: Jiang Guoliang Frank , Reuer Jeffrey J. , Southam Colette , Beamish Paul W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to bridge the research on the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with the literature on initial public offerings (IPOs). It investigates how IPOs affect SMEs’ foreign investment decisions as they internationalize. We argue that IPOs enable SMEs to engage in a period of accelerated foreign expansion, resulting in a wave-like pattern, as suggested by Håkanson and Kappen’s (J Int Bus Stud 48(9):1103–1113, 2017) ‘Casino model’ of internationalization. We also propose that there will be a post-IPO shift in SMEs entering less familiar locations and towards taking higher ownership stakes in new subsidiaries. We use a difference-in-differences design combined with coarsened exact matching to isolate the effects of IPOs. Our analysis of overseas investments by a matched sample of newly listed Japanese manufacturing SMEs and their private counterparts provides strong evidence that SMEs accelerate the pace of establishing new foreign subsidiaries after going public. The results also reveal nuanced changes in the location and ownership patterns in the post-IPO period. This study identifies the IPO as a significant antecedent to SME foreign expansion and offers a new explanation for intertemporal variance in the pace, direction, and commitment of the SME internationalization process.
Natural language modelled and printed in 3D: a multi-disciplinary approach
Authors: Pillen Alex , Matthews Emma-Kate 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNatural language is a high-dimensional form that evolved through innovation and repetition over millennia. We tend to imagine language in the shape dictated by our writing system, as words on a page, or as sound. The aim of this paper is to explore how one aspect of this high-dimensional form could be rendered in 3D. Contemporary software developed for the production of film and video animation became a tool for us to model natural language. The paper begins with an overview of historical material about features of language and computational design that became relevant for our project. The whole system and structure of a language, its grammar has been compared to a geometry for centuries, as principles that define its shape. One aspect of this complex configuration was selected for 3D modelling; evidentiality. This aspect of every language points at the evidence for what people are saying. The paper lays out the research trajectory that allowed us to conceive of evidentiality as a third dimension, which is often lost in translation. We offer a step-by-step account of our methodology and 3D design process. Our findings consist of four introductory prototypes and digital 3D images, each one designed on the basis of a short language sample. The portrayal of a language excerpt as a digitally frozen shape enabled us to print natural language in 3D. Such 3D language objects not only extend the legacy of form-finding within computational design, but also allows for spatial intuition to help us get a more solid grasp of languages we may not speak.
Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of rare-earth substituted Gd2O3 nanorods
Authors: Hazarika S. , Morozkin A. V. , Gururaj Karanam , Nama Rajat , Pradeep K. G. , Nirmala R. 
Published: March 2022

Nanorods of Gd2O3 with 5 at.% Nd3+ and 5 at.% Er3+ ion substitution at Gd-site have been synthesized using a template-free and surfactant-free hydrothermal method. The samples have MnFeO3-type cubic crystal structure (space group Ia-3, N 206, cI80) at 300 K. Using the powder X-ray diffraction data and Scherrer formula, a crystallite size of ∼25 nm and ∼20 nm is estimated for the Nd-substituted and Er-substituted Gd2O3 nanorod samples. Raman spectrum also confirms the cubic structure of the samples at 300 K. Both samples show paramagnetic behaviour in the temperature range of 300 K to 5 K. From the magnetization vs field data measured in the temperature range of 5 K to 31 K, the isothermal magnetic entropy change (ΔSm) is calculated. The maximum ΔSm value at 6 K for 70 kOe field change is about −19.8 Jkg−1K−1 and −23.5 Jkg−1K−1 respectively for 5 at.% Nd- and Er- substituted Gd2O3 nanorods. The magnetocaloric effect is large and is of the same order as in the pure and other rare-earth-substituted Gd2O3 nanostructures. Thus the mixed rare-earth oxide nanostructures are found to be potential candidates for low temperature magnetic cooling applications.
Comparative effects of biochar and NPK on wheat crops under different management systems
Authors: Ullah Ibad , Muhammad Dost , Mussarat Maria , Khan Shadman , Adnan Muhammad , Fahad Shah , Ismail Muhammad , Ahmad Mian Ishaq , Ali Aizaz , Hamzah Saleem Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad , Gul Farhana , Ibrahim Muhammad , Raza Muhammad Aown Sammar , Hammad Hafiz Mohkum , Nasim Wajid , Saud Shah , Khattak Jabar Zaman Khan , Ahmad Masood , Ali Naushad , Akbar Rasheed , Khan Shah Masaud , Banout Jan 
Published: March 2022

As a multi-beneficial amendment, biochar is very useful to be applied for improving soil health and crop productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the influence of wood biochar and mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilisers viz, [(control; 100% NPK (120:90:60 kg ha−1); 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar; 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar; 25% NPK + 15 tonne biochar and 20 tonne biochar ha−1)] on wheat yield and soil properties under different management practices [(raised bed (more than 30 cm above the ground) and flat-bed)]. Split plot two factors randomised completed block (RCB) design with three replications were used where management practices were placed to main plot, while treatments were assigned to subplots. Maximum spike length, grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain and biological yield were obtained with application of 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar ha−1 under both raised and flat-bed, which were statistically at par to 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar ha−1. The grain and biological yield observed at 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar and 50% NPK + 10 tonne biochar ha−1 were significantly higher than that of 20 tonne biochar ha−1. However, maximum soil organic matter, extractable P and K contents with slight increases in soil pH and EC was observed at 20 tonne biochar ha−1. Moreover, almost all agronomic parameters were significantly better in raised bed compared to flat-bed sowing. Hence, the present study suggested that 75% NPK + 5 tonne biochar ha−1 is suitable for improving wheat yield and soil properties.
The UVSSA protein is part of a genome integrity homeostasis network with links to transcription-coupled DNA repair and ATM signaling
Authors: Kordon Magdalena M. , Arron Sarah , Cleaver James E. , Bezrookove Vladimir , Karentz Deneb , Lu Brian , Perr Eli , Chang Darwin , Pederson Thoru 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Transcription-coupled repair (TCR) involves four core proteins: CSA, CSB, USP7, and UVSSA. CSA and CSB are mutated in the severe human neurocutaneous disease Cockayne syndrome. In contrast UVSSA is a mild photosensitive disease in which a mutated protein sequence prevents recruitment of USP7 protease to deubiquitinate and stabilize CSB. We deleted the UVSSA protein using CRISPR-Cas9 in an aneuploid cell line, HEK293, and determined the functional consequences. The knockout cell line was sensitive to transcription-blocking lesions but not sensitive to oxidative agents or PARP inhibitors, unlike CSB. Knockout of UVSSA also activated ATM, like CSB, in transcription-arrested cells. The phenotype of UVSSA, especially its rarity, suggests that many TCR-deficient patients and tumors fail to be recognized clinically.
Restriction of viral gene expression and replication prevents immortalization of human keratinocytes by a beta-human papillomavirus
Authors: Rehm Tina M. , Straub Elke , Iftner Thomas , Stubenrauch Frank 
Published: March 2022

Significance
High-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPV) from the genus alpha cause anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers, whereas the contribution of HPV from the genus beta to the development of cutaneous squamous cell cancer is still under debate. HR-HPV genomes display potent immortalizing activity in human keratinocytes, the natural target cell for HPV. This paper shows that immortalization of keratinocytes by the beta-HPV49 genome requires the inactivation of the viral E8^E2 repressor protein and the presence of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins but also of the E1 and E2 replication proteins. This reveals important differences in the carcinogenic properties of HR-HPV and beta-HPV but also warrants further investigations on the distribution and mutation frequencies of beta-HPV in human cancers.
An in-motion alignment method based on vehicle-carried RINS and GPS
Authors: Sun Chenyan , Li Kui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In order to realize the rapid start-up of a vehicle-carried inertial navigation system, this paper studies an in-motion alignment method based on an onboard rotating inertial navigation system (RINS) and GPS velocity information. Working with the rotation characteristics of the RINS, a Kalman filter model was established, that included the installation angles between gyros, the lever arm and the asynchronous time, by measuring the velocity difference between RINS and GPS. Multiple simulations and experimental verifications of the proposed in-motion alignment method have been carried out. The results show that the proposed in-motion alignment method can realize a rapid estimation of platform deflection angle, gyro installation errors, lever arm and the asynchronous time of RINS in the process of motion, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed in-motion alignment method.