bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data‐driven approach to neuropsychological features in isolated REM behaviour disorder: A latent class analysis
Authors: Mombelli Samantha , Leitner Caterina , D'Este Giada , Sforza Marco , Marelli Sara , Castelnuovo Alessandra , Zucconi Marco , Casoni Francesca , Fantini Maria Livia , Novellino Fabiana , Salsone Maria , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Galbiati Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent evidence demonstrated that neuropsychological assessment may be considered a valid marker of neurodegeneration in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). However, little is known about the possible neuropsychological heterogeneity within the iRBD population. This retrospective study aimed to identify and describe different neuropsychological phenotypes in iRBD patients by means of a data‐driven approach using latent class analysis. A total of 289 iRBD patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment evaluating cognitive domains: global cognition, language, short‐ and long‐term memory, executive functions and visuospatial abilities. The presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was also assessed. Latent class analysis was carried out to identify iRBD subtypes according to neuropsychological scores. The most parsimonious model identified three latent classes. Groups were labelled as follows: Class 2 “severely impaired” (n = 83/289): mean pathological scores in different tests, a high percentage of MCI multiple‐domain and impairment in all neuropsychological domains. Class 1 “moderately impaired” (n = 44/289): mean neuropsychological score within the normal value, a high percentage of MCI (high risk to phenoconversion) and great impairment in the visuospatial domain. Class 3 “slightly impaired” (n = 162/289): no deficit worthy of attention except for short‐ and long‐term memory. Our results suggest three different clinical phenotypes within the iRBD population. These findings may be relevant in the future for predicting the clinical trajectories of phenoconversion in iRBD.
Interesting phenomena during threshold testing of conduction system pacing: What is the mechanism?
Authors: Shen Jiabo , Jiang Longfu , Wu Hao , Pan Lifang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the interest in conduction system pacing is increasing, the data on longitudinal dissociation in the literature is still limited.Methods and ResultsWe performed left bundle branch (LBB) pacing on a patient with sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block. The transition of QRS morphology can be observed during the threshold testing. The main findings were different left ventricular activation times when selective LBB capture was performed at different outputs. Conclusions: This phenomenon may be due to the anatomical basis of longitudinal dissociation of the His–Purkinje system, which allows pacing stimulation at different thresholds to excite different portions of the conduction system.
Beyond ethnocentric perspectives in Spanish schools: Rethinking inclusion, the curriculum, and subjectivity
Authors: Lozano‐Mulet Paula , de Riba Silvia , Estalayo‐Bielsa Paula , Riera‐Retamero Marina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we examine how schools in Catalonia (Spain) are responding to the needs of migrant students by challenging the limitations of the curriculum. The paper presents some of the findings of an ongoing project titled Migrant Children and Communities in a Transforming Europe (MiCREATE). It is based on 31 semi‐structured interviews and 6 focus groups conducted with 78 participants (teachers, school representatives, and community members such as child psychologists, social workers, and other collaborators) from six state primary and secondary schools in Catalonia (Spain). Analysis of the interviews showed that Spain still has a monolithic conception of the curriculum, with Eurocentrism and ethnocentrism at its core. Nonetheless, school staff are producing pedagogical practices that challenge this position in order to respond to the needs of migrant students. We argue that it is necessary to consider other frames of reference such as critical interculturality, decolonial perspectives, and critical cosmopolitanisms in order to create collective and multiple experiences of belonging that go beyond the dominant cultural identity.
Role of Supports in Ni Nanoparticles Ti-Promoted Composite Catalysts for the Total Hydrogenation of Benzene
Authors: Mohammadian Z. , Parsafard N. , Peyrovi M. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Removal of aromatic compounds from fuels due to the strict regulations as well as carcinogenic and detrimental effects on the humans and the environment is one of the main steps in the petrochemical industry. Competitive hydrogenation of benzene in aromatic mixtures not only achieves this goal, but also prevents the significant reduction in the octane number by producing cyclohexane in the fuels. For this purpose, a series of nickel catalysts supported on the Ti-promoted mesoporous-carbon composites have been prepared by the wet impregnation method. Textural and physicochemical properties of catalysts were characterized using FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, and EDAX. The activity of the powders was evaluated in the temperature range of 150–210°C. The results confirm that the Ni/Ti-SBA-15 catalyst shows the acceptable selectivity in the test temperature range and the highest activity at 190°C.
Effect of Pulsed-Field and Radiofrequency Ablation on Heterogeneous Ventricular Scar in a Swine Model of Healed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Younis Arwa , Zilberman Israel , Krywanczyk Alison , Higuchi Koji , Yavin Hagai D. , Sroubek Jakub , Anter Elad 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a nonthermal energy with higher selectivity to myocardial tissue in comparison to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We compared the effects of PFA and RFA on heterogeneous ventricular scar in a swine model of healed infarction.

Methods:
In 9 swine, myocardial infarction was created by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. After a survival period of 8 to 10 weeks, ablation with PFA or RFA was performed at infarct border zones identified by abnormal electrograms. In the PFA group (4 swine), ablation was performed with a lattice catheter (Sphere-9, Affera, Inc). In the RFA group (5 swine), ablation was performed using a 3.5-mm tip catheter (Thermocool ST-SF; Biosense Webster). To further investigate the effect of RFA on temperature development in scar tissue, intramyocardial temperature was measured in healthy and infarcted myocardium using an ex vivo bath model.

Results:

A total of 11 PFA and 15 RFA lesions were created at infarct border zones with heterogeneous scar. PFA produced uniform and well-demarcated lesions exhibiting irreversible injury characterized by cardiomyocyte death, contraction bands, and lymphocytic infiltration. This effect of PFA extended from the subendocardium through collagen and fat to the epicardial layers. In contrast, the effect of RFA is less uniform and largely limited to the subendocardium with minimal effect on viable myocardium deeper to separating layers of collagen and fat. PFA produced deeper and more transmural lesions (6.4 [interquartile range, 5.5–7.5) versus 5.4 [interquartile range, 4.8–5.9]), 72% versus 30%, respectively;
P
≤0.02 for each comparison). The limited effect of RFA on viable myocardium at deeper infarct layers was related to a lower intramyocardial maximal temperature compared with healthy myocardium (
P
=0.01).

Conclusions:
PFA may be advantageous for ablation in ventricular scar, producing lesions that unlike RFA are not limited to the subendocardium, but also eliminate viable myocardium separated from the catheter by collagen and fat.
The Significance of Aristotle's Four Causes in Design Research
Authors: Hennig Boris , Rauterberg Matthias 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this article we demonstrate that and why Aristotle's four causes are essential for a scientific articulation of designerly knowledge. We show that properly understood, Aristotle's notion of a cause, including the final cause, is not in conflict with modern science. Rather, when it comes to understanding living beings as such, all of the four Aristotelian causes are still crucial. We argue that this implies that design research, too, must appeal to the four causes, because artifacts must be understood in terms of the role they play in the life of living beings.
No Evidence for Semantic Prediction Deficits in Individuals With Cerebellar Degeneration
Authors: King Maedbh , Bruinsma Sienna , Ivry Richard B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cerebellar involvement in language processing has received considerable attention in the neuroimaging and neuropsychology literatures. Building off the motor control literature, one account of this involvement centers on the idea of internal models. In the context of language, this hypothesis suggests that the cerebellum is essential for building semantic models that, in concert with the cerebral cortex, help anticipate or predict linguistic input. To date, supportive evidence has primarily come from neuroimaging studies showing that cerebellar activation increases in contexts in which semantic predictions are generated and violated. Taking a neuropsychological approach, we put the internal model hypothesis to the test, asking if individuals with cerebellar degeneration (n = 14) show reduced sensitivity to semantic prediction. Using a sentence verification task, we compare reaction time to sentences that vary in terms of cloze probability. We also evaluated a more constrained variant of the prediction hypothesis, asking if the cerebellum facilitates the generation of semantic predictions when the content of a sentence refers to a dynamic rather than static mental transformation. The results failed to support either hypothesis: Compared to matched control participants (n = 17), individuals with cerebellar degeneration showed a similar reduction in reaction time for sentences with high cloze probability and no selective impairment in predictions involving dynamic transformations. These results challenge current theorizing about the role of the cerebellum in language processing, pointing to a misalignment between neuroimaging and neuropsychology research on this topic.
Who Represents the Domestic Voice? Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Citizen Diplomacy
Authors: Popkova Anna , Michaels Jodi Hope 
Published: October 2022

Summary
At its core, diplomacy is about representation. Including the domestic voice in diplomatic work pushes us to reflect critically on who represents our local communities to international constituents. To what extent is the diversity of local communities reflected in such diplomatic initiatives as, for example, state-supported citizen diplomacy programmes? This article argues for the importance of diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) work at the local level to the policy goals that citizen diplomacy programmes support. The article draws on the concept of ‘subaltern counterpublics’ to emphasise the importance of DEI efforts at the local level for more inclusive and authentic diplomacy globally. The article also discusses some of the current practices of intentionally incorporating DEI initiatives into citizen diplomacy work among civil society actors.
Sentiment Analysis of Weather-Related Tweets from Cities within Hot Climates
Authors: Dzyuban Yuliya , Ching Graces N. Y. , Yik Sin Kang , Tan Adrian J. , Crank Peter J. , Banerjee Shreya , Pek Rachel Xin Yi , Chow Winston T. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Evidence exists that exposure to weather hazards, particularly in cities subject to heat island and climate change impacts, strongly affects individuals’ physical and mental health. Personal exposure to and sentiments about warm conditions can currently be expressed on social media, and recent research noted that the geotagged, time-stamped, and accessible social media databases can potentially be indicative of the public mood and health for a region. This study attempts to understand the relationships between weather and social media sentiments via Twitter and weather data from 2012 to 2019 for two cities in hot climates: Singapore and Phoenix, Arizona. We first detected weather-related tweets, and subsequently extracted keywords describing weather sensations. Furthermore, we analyzed frequencies of most used words describing weather sensations and created graphs of commonly occurring bigrams to understand connections between them. We further explored the annual trends between keywords describing heat and heat-related thermal discomfort and temperature profiles for two cities. Results showed significant relationships between frequency of heat-related tweets and temperature. For Twitter users exposed to no strong temperature seasonality, we noticed an overall negative cluster around hot sensations. Seasonal variability was more apparent in Phoenix, with more positive weather-related sentiments during the cooler months. This demonstrates the viability of Twitter data as a rapid indicator for periods of higher heat experienced by public and greater negative sentiment toward the weather, and its potential for effective tracking of real-time urban heat stress.

Significance Statement
Social media such as Twitter allow individuals to broadcast their opinions in real time, including perceptions and sensations related to weather events. Evidence from two cities exposed to hot weather—one equatorial and one desert subtropical—indicates that tweets were sensitive to seasonal temperature differences even within a small range. For Twitter users exposed to no strong temperature seasonality, generally negative sentiments to hot weather were seen year-round. In Phoenix with more pronounced seasonality, tweets were more positive in sentiment during the cooler months. This result shows promise for the medium as a rapid real-time indicator—or a snapshot—for societal sentiment to weather events.
Crisis management in the community mass recall of angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan due to nitrosamine impurities
Authors: Ng Lok Pui , Oka Prawira , Lim Christina Jit Fan , Aau Wai Keong , Koh Eileen Yi Ling , Ee Adrian Guan Liang , Tan Ngiap Chuan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB) are widely utilized in the treatment of hypertension and nephropathy. In March 2019, a mass recall of selected brands of an ARB, losartan due to reported elevated levels of potentially carcinogenic nitrosamine impurities was implemented in a Singapore primary care institution. Objective To describe the crisis management of the mass losartan recall in a public primary healthcare institution in Singapore. Methods The crisis management framework was adapted from the Gonzalez-Herrero and Pratt model. This crisis was managed over three phases: identification of impending crisis based on risk reports by local health authorities, formation of a task force to develop turnaround strategies and measures, implementation and monitoring of the remedial measures. Data to plan and chart implementation was retrieved from the institution databases, including the Electronic Health Intelligence System for patient medical and prescription records, Outpatient Administrative System for reimbursement of medications and other expenditures incurred. An exigency scheme, Losartas® Review Service (LRS), was established to expedite the replacement of the affected medication with another ARB or another anti-hypertensive medication. Results SingHealth Polyclinics completed the recall of 29,794 (92.1%) patients within 14 weeks. The majority of the patients (76.2%) were attended to by doctors, while 16.5% and 7.3% were managed using the LRS and pharmacy respectively. The institution incurred a cost of SGD2,824,760 (estimated SGD95 per patient) to manage the crisis. Conclusion The successful implementation of a mass medication recall hinged on timely intervention, cross-departmental coordination, effective communication and judicious resource allocation.
Further Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Current Experiences Scale and Model of Resiliency
Authors: Groves James , Luberto Christina , Fricchione Gregory , Park Elyse 
Published: October 2022

Background Stress-related disease is increasing, with high resilience proposed as protective. Whilst the Current Experiences Scale (CES) shows promise as a measure of resilience, its psychological correlates and relationship to psychological stress remain unclear. Objectives (1) Further explore the psychometric properties of the CES, (2) identify modifiable psychological factors associated with the CES and (3) test a previously published model for the influence of adaptive strategies and stress management factors on resiliency and stress. Methods N = 455 individuals (mean age = 47.8, 65.1% female) completed measures of adaptive strategies: mindfulness (Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised), positive affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and gratitude (The Gratitude Questionnaire), stress management skills: coping (Measure of Current Status-A), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8) and anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder Assessment) and outcomes: resilience (CES) and stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Cronbach’s alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined the psychometric properties of the CES. Multivariable regression identified psychological variables associated with resilience. Structural equation modelling (SEM) tested the previously published model for resilience. Results The CES and its subscales showed good internal consistency (ɑ = .75-.93). The 23-item CES produced excellent results for model fit (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = .07, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = .06, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = .99; Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = .99). Higher gratitude (P < .0001), mindfulness (P < .0001), positive affect (P < .0001) and coping (P < .0001) were associated with higher resilience. Depression (P = .23) and anxiety (P = .34) were not. A model of resilience which included gratitude, mindfulness, positive affect and coping as determinants of resilience and perceived stress performed well (RMSEA = .03, SRMR = .02, CFI = .99; TLI = .99). Conclusions The CES was validated in a large sample. The association of gratitude, mindfulness, positive affect and coping with resilience may guide practitioners seeking to design resilience-enhancing programs.
Humans-livestock predators conflict in the Central and Eastern Part of Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Sebsibe Israel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSharing of space by humans and wildlife at a time may ignite apparent conflict. Populations of many species are declining due to the degradation of wildlife habitats caused by agricultural activities. Additionally, livestock may compete with wild herbivores for grazing and reduce the abundance of wild prey for carnivores. A reduction in populations of prey species of large predators might cause carnivores to be attracted towards livestock, ultimately provoking and aggravating the human-carnivores conflict. This study investigated the current status of the human-predators conflict in and around the Bale Mountains National Park.ResultsMost (72.75%) respondents agreed on the presence of livestock predation. Major reported predators were spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), olive baboon (Papio anubis), African wolf (Canis lupaster), aardvark (Orycteropus afer), genet (Genetta genetta), Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), lion (Panthera leo), and leopard (Panthera pardus). Cattle (54.19%), sheep (70.96%), goat (32.0%), donkey (37.72%) and horse (27.54%) were mentioned as major target of predators. Within the past ten years 1623 sheep, 741 cattle, 639 goats, 193 donkeys, and 124 horses were predated. This study found an increasing trend of livestock predation. The trend was reported to be high within the Park (68%). During the past ten years, households reported killings of 3320 livestock that cost 347,460.53 USD. Loss of 8.66 USD per month constituted 27.45% of their monthly income which is expected to have a great sustenance impact. Human settlement (41%), agricultural practices (38.6%), overgrazing (25.3%), deforestation for charcoal production (25.1%), deliberate fire to free lands for agriculture (17.3%) were noticed as major causes of livestock depredation.ConclusionsThe results of the present study show that there is strong human-livestock predator conflict in the study area. Therefore, the author suggested that conflict mitigation efforts focus on securing the livestock enclosure to protected areas and regular compensation fees for farmers that face great damage from wildlife. The foremost action should be awareness creation about the environmental, social, and economic importance of protected areas. The management staff of the Park is also expected to promote community involvement in the plan of mitigation strategies and practices.
Clinical value of serum sTREM-1 and HBP levels in combination with traditional inflammatory markers in diagnosing hospital-acquired pneumonia in elderly
Authors: Wang Zhang , Chang Binbin , Zhang Yong , Chen Jieyu , Xie Fang , Xiang Ying , Liu Tingting , Li Ying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The clinical presentation of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in older patients is often complex and non-specific, posing a diagnostic challenge. This study evaluates the value of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and heparin-binding protein (HBP) in combination with traditional inflammatory markers procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosing HAP in older patients.

Methods
Thirty-eight elderly male patients with HAP (≥ 80 years old) and 46 age-matched controls, who were hospitalized for other reasons than HAP, were enrolled. The serum sTREM-1, HBP, PCT and CRP levels were measured by ELISA on the first day after enrollment. In addition, routine blood test, blood gas, sputum analysis, clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) assessment, and chest X-ray were performed, and the correlations with HAP were analyzed.

Results
The serum sTREM-1 (n = 38, 170.75 ± 158.33 pg/ml), HBP (2.08 ± 0.50), PCT (9.44 ± 17.73) and CRP (79.63 ± 71.37) were all significantly higher in the HAP group, when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the values were positively correlated with the CPIS. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUC for sTREM-1 (0.667) and HBP (0.711) were lower, when compared to that for PCT (AUC = 0.839) and CRP (AUC = 0.840). The combination of PCT and CRP with sTREM-1 (AUC = 0.927) or HBP (AUC = 0.930) had the highest AUC values.

Conclusion
Serum sTREM-1, HBP, PCT and CRP can all be used as diagnostic markers for HAP in the elderly. The combination of traditional inflammatory markers PCT and CRP with novel inflammatory marker sTREM-1 or HBP further improves the diagnostic performance.