bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative quadriceps muscle strength deficit severity predicts knee function one year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Kim Do Kyung , Park Geon , Wang Joon Ho , Kuo Liang-Tseng , Park Won Hah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractQuadriceps strength is critical for patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction; however, little is known about the relationship between preoperative quadriceps strength deficit and postoperative subjective knee functions. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative quadriceps strength and postoperative knee function in patients after ACL reconstruction. Seventy-five male patients with primary ACL reconstruction surgery with hamstring autografts between 2014 and 2017 were included. An isokinetic dynamometer assessed quadriceps strength while self-reported knee functions were measured by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores at baseline and 1 year after surgery. The three identified groups (Q1–Q3) were classified according to the preoperative quadriceps muscle strength deficit. Q1 were patients with < 25% quadriceps muscle strength deficit, Q2 showed a 25–45% deficit, and Q3 included those with a deficit > 45%. We compared knee functions between the three groups and examined the associations between preoperative variables and functional knee outcomes. The preoperative quadriceps muscle strength deficit had a negative association with the knee functional scores at 1 year follow-up including the IKDC score (rs = − 0.397, p = 0.005) and the Lysholm score (rs = − 0.454, p < 0.001), but not other factors. Furthermore, only the Q1 group, with < 25% deficit in preoperative quadriceps muscle strength, showed a significant correlation in postoperative IKDC score (r = − 0.462, p = 0.030), and Lysholm score (r = − 0.446, p = 0.038). Preoperative quadriceps muscle strength deficit had a significant negative relationship with postoperative function at 1 year following ACL reconstruction.
Melatonin reduces the endoplasmic reticulum stress and polyubiquitinated protein accumulation induced by repeated anesthesia exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Shin Hyun-Jung , Koo Bon-Wook , Yoon Jiwon , Kim Heeyeon , Do Sang-Hwan , Na Hyo-Seok 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity, but melatonin seems to play a protective role against ER stress. Synchronized Caenorhabditis elegans were exposed to isoflurane during the developmental period; melatonin treatment was used to evaluate its role in preventing the defective unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). The induced expression of hsp-4::GFP by isoflurane was attenuated in the isoflurane-melatonin group. Isoflurane upregulated the expression of ire-1, whereas melatonin did not induce ire-1 expression in C. elegans even after isoflurane exposure. With luzindole treatment, the effect of melatonin on the level of ire-1 was significantly attenuated. The reduced expression of sel-1, sel-11, cdc-48.1, and cdc-48.2 due to isoflurane was restored by melatonin, although not up to the level of the control group. The amount of polyubiquitinated proteins was increased in the isoflurane group; however, melatonin suppressed its accumulation, which was significantly inhibited by a proteasome inhibitor, MG132. The chemotaxis index of the isoflurane-melatonin group was improved compared with the isoflurane group. Melatonin may be a potential preventive molecule against defective UPR and ERAD caused by repeated anesthesia exposure. The ire-1 branch of the UPR and ERAD pathways can be the target of melatonin to reduce anesthesia-induced ER stress.
Identification of allosteric fingerprints of alpha-synuclein aggregates in matrix metalloprotease-1 and substrate-specific virtual screening with single molecule insights
Authors: Kamboj Sumaer , Harms Chase , Wright Derek , Nash Anthony , Kumar Lokender , Klein-Seetharaman Judith , Sarkar Susanta K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlpha-synuclein (aSyn) has implications in pathological protein aggregations in neurodegeneration. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are broad-spectrum proteases and cleave aSyn, leading to aggregation. Previous reports showed that allosteric communications between the two domains of MMP1 on collagen fibril and fibrin depend on substrates, activity, and ligands. This paper reports quantification of allostery using single molecule measurements of MMP1 dynamics on aSyn-induced aggregates by calculating Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between two dyes attached to the catalytic and hemopexin domains of MMP1. The two domains of MMP1 prefer open conformations that are inhibited by a single point mutation E219Q of MMP1 and tetracycline, an MMP inhibitor. A two-state Poisson process describes the interdomain dynamics, where the two states and kinetic rates of interconversion between them are obtained from histograms and autocorrelations of FRET values. Since a crystal structure of aSyn-bound MMP1 is unavailable, binding poses were predicted by molecular docking of MMP1 with aSyn using ClusPro. MMP1 dynamics were simulated using predicted binding poses and compared with the experimental interdomain dynamics to identify an appropriate pose. The selected aSyn-MMP1 binding pose near aSyn residue K45 was simulated and analyzed to define conformational changes at the catalytic site. Allosteric residues in aSyn-bound MMP1 exhibiting strong correlations with the catalytic motif residues were compared with allosteric residues in free MMP1, and aSyn-specific residues were identified. The allosteric residues in aSyn-bound MMP1 are K281, T283, G292, G327, L328, E329, R337, F343, G345, N346, Y348, G353, Q354, D363, Y365, S366, S367, F368, P371, R372, V374, K375, A379, F391, A394, R399, M414, F419, V426, and C466. Shannon entropy was defined to quantify MMP1 dynamics. Virtual screening was performed against a site on selected aSyn-MMP1 binding poses, which showed that lead molecules differ between free MMP1 and substrate-bound MMP1. Also, identifying aSyn-specific allosteric residues in MMP1 enabled further selection of lead molecules. In other words, virtual screening needs to take substrates into account for potential substrate-specific control of MMP1 activity in the future. Molecular understanding of interactions between MMP1 and aSyn-induced aggregates may open up the possibility of degrading aggregates by targeting MMPs.
An electron counting algorithm improves imaging of proteins with low-acceleration-voltage cryo-electron microscope
Authors: Zhu Dongjie , Shi Huigang , Wu Chunling , Zhang Xinzheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRelative to the 300-kV accelerating field, electrons accelerated under lower voltages are potentially scattered more strongly. Lowering the accelerate voltage has been suggested to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) images of small-molecular-weight proteins (<100 kD). However, the detection efficient of current Direct Detection Devices (DDDs) and temporal coherence of cryo-EM decrease at lower voltage, leading to loss of SNR. Here, we present an electron counting algorithm to improve the detection of low-energy electrons. The counting algorithm increased the SNR of 120-kV and 200-kV cryo-EM image from a Falcon III camera by 8%, 20% at half the Nyquist frequency and 21%, 80% at Nyquist frequency, respectively, resulting in a considerable improvement in resolution of 3D reconstructions. Our results indicate that with further improved temporal coherence and a dedicated designed camera, a 120-kV cryo-electron microscope has potential to match the 300-kV microscope at imaging small proteins.
Experimental assessment of physical realism in a quantum-controlled device
Authors: Dieguez Pedro R. , Guimarães Jéferson R. , Peterson John P. S. , Angelo Renato M. , Serra Roberto M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBohr’s complementarity principle has been challenged by quantum delayed-choice experiments wherein quantum systems are claimed to behave neither as wave nor as a particle, but in an intermediary way. However, this conclusion has been supported by retro-inference and with no direct link with the system quantum state. Here, we consider a framework that employs an operational criterion of physical reality to diagnosis the system ontology directly from the quantum state at each instant of time. We show that, in disparity with previous proposals, our setup ensures a formal link between the output visibility and elements of reality within the interferometer. An experimental proof-of-principle is provided for a two-spin-1/2 system in an interferometric setup implemented in a nuclear magnetic resonance platform. We discuss how our results validate, to a great extent, Bohr’s original formulation of the complementarity principle and unveil morphing reality states.
Stimulated resonant inelastic X-ray scattering in a solid
Authors: Higley Daniel J. , Chen Zhao , Beye Martin , Hantschmann Markus , Reid Alex H. , Mehta Virat , Hellwig Olav , Dakovski Georgi L. , Mitra Ankush , Engel Robin Y. , Maxwell Tim , Ding Yuantao , Bonetti Stefano , Bucher Maximilian , Carron Sebastian , Chase Tyler , Jal Emmanuelle , Kukreja Roopali , Liu Tianmin , Föhlisch Alexander , Dürr Hermann A. , Schlotter William F. , Stöhr Joachim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen materials are exposed to X-ray pulses with sufficiently high intensity, various nonlinear effects can occur. The most fundamental one consists of stimulated electronic decays after resonant absorption of X-rays. Such stimulated decays enhance the number of emitted photons and the emission direction is confined to that of the stimulating incident photons which clone themselves in the process. Here we report the observation of stimulated resonant elastic (REXS) and inelastic (RIXS) X-ray scattering near the cobalt L3edge in solid Co/Pd multilayer samples. We observe an enhancement of order 106of the stimulated over the conventional spontaneous RIXS signal into the small acceptance angle of the RIXS spectrometer. We also find that in solids both stimulated REXS and RIXS spectra contain contributions from inelastic electron scattering processes, even for ultrashort 5 fs pulses. Our results reveal the potential and caveats of the development of stimulated RIXS in condensed matter.
Corrosion resistant and high-strength dual-phase Mg-Li-Al-Zn alloy by friction stir processing
Authors: Zeng Zhuoran , Zhou Mengran , Esmaily Marco , Zhu Yuman , Choudhary Sanjay , Griffith James C. , Ma Jisheng , Hora Yvonne , Chen Yu , Gullino Alessio , Shi Qingyu , Fujii Hidetoshi , Birbilis Nick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMagnesium is the lightest structural metal, and alloying with lithium makes it even lighter. However, multi-phase Mg-Li alloys typically undergo rapid corrosion, and their strength decreases at room temperature due to natural age-softening. Here, we engineer a rapidly degrading dual-phase Mg-Li-Al alloy to be durable via friction stir processing followed by liquid CO2 quenching. The best performing alloy has a low electrochemical degradation rate of 0.72 mg·cm−2· day−1, and high specific strength of 209 kN·m·kg−1. We attribute this electrochemical and mechanical durability to its microstructure, which consists of a refined grain size of approximately 2 µm and dense nanoprecipitates. This microstructure suppressed the formation of the detrimental AlLi phase, and an aluminium-rich protective surface layer also formed. This processing route might be useful for designing lightweight and durable engineering alloys.
Improved gradient‐based optimizer for parameters extraction of photovoltaic models
Authors: Jiang Yugui , Luo Qifang , Zhou Yongquan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn efficient operation of the solar photovoltaic (PV) system relies on accurate and reliable equivalent models and parameters. For different modular circuit models, the parameter estimation of PV solar cells is a key task that is usually translated into optimization problems solved by metaheuristic algorithms. Gradient‐based optimizer (GBO), which was proposed in 2020, is a method with swarm characteristics that was developed from Newton's method. Gradient search rule (GSR) and local escape operator (LEO) is main components of the GBO algorithm. This paper proposes an improved GBO (IGBO) optimization algorithm based on the original algorithm. In IGBO, two strategies, adaptive weights and chaotic behaviour, are introduced to adjust the adaptive parameters. The purpose of adaptive weights is to effectively approach the optimal solution and avoid falling into local optimum in different search phases of the algorithm. Chaotic behaviour aims to replace the randomness of the metaheuristic algorithm and to improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm. To validate the performance of IGBO, it is applied to the parameter extraction of different PV models. The PV models used in this paper include single diode model (SDM), double diode model (DDM) and PV module model. Finally, comparing with the original algorithm and six well‐established algorithms, the experimental data show that the IGBO algorithm is highly competitive, as reflected by the best results obtained in terms of root mean square error values. It can be concluded that IGBO is more competitive in robustness, convergence and accuracy.
The Lensed Lyman-Alpha MUSE Arcs Sample (LLAMAS)
Authors: Claeyssens A. , Richard J. , Blaizot J. , Garel T. , Kusakabe H. , Bacon R. , Bauer F. E. , Guaita L. , Jeanneau A. , Lagattuta D. , Leclercq F. , Maseda M. , Matthee J. , Nanayakkara T. , Pello R. , Thai T. T. , Tuan-Anh P. , Verhamme A. , Vitte E. , Wisotzki L. 
Published: April 2022

Aims. We present the Lensed Lyman-Alpha MUSE Arcs Sample (LLAMAS) selected from MUSE and HST observations of 17 lensing clusters. The sample consists of 603 continuum-faint (−23 < MUV < −14) lensed Lyman-α emitters (producing 959 images) with secure spectroscopic redshifts between 2.9 and 6.7. Combining the power of cluster magnification with 3D spectroscopic observations, we were able to reveal the resolved morphological properties of 268 Lyman-α emitters.
Methods. We used a forward-modeling approach to model both Lyman-α and rest-frame UV continuum emission profiles in the source plane and measure spatial extent, ellipticity, and spatial offsets between UV and Lyman-α emission.
Results. We find a significant correlation between UV continuum and Lyman-α spatial extent. Our characterization of the Lyman-α halos indicates that the halo size is linked to the physical properties of the host galaxy (SFR, Lyman-α equivalent width, Lyman-α line FWHM). We find that 48% of Lyman-α halos are best fit by an elliptical emission distribution with a median axis ratio of q = 0.48. We observe that 60% of galaxies detected both in UV and Lyman-α emission show a significant spatial offset (ΔLyα − UV). We measure a median offset of ΔLyα − UV = 0.58 ± 0.14 kpc for the entire sample. By comparing the spatial offset values with the size of the UV component, we show that 40% of the offsets could be due to star-forming sub-structures in the UV component, while the larger offsets (60%) are more likely due to greater-distance processes such as scattering effects inside the circumgalactic medium or emission from faint satellites or merging galaxies. Comparisons with a zoom-in radiative hydrodynamics simulation of a typical Lyman-α emitting galaxy show a very good agreement with LLAMAS galaxies and indicate that bright star-formation clumps and satellite galaxies could produce a similar spatial offset distribution.
Thymoquinone Augments Methotrexate-Induced Apoptosis on Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Sanapour Narjes , Malakoti Faezeh , Shanebandi Darioush , Targhazeh Niloufar , Yousefi Bahman , Soleimanpour Jafar , Majidinia Maryam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground Osteosarcoma (OS) as the most frequent primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents has a short survival rate in advanced stages. Alternative herbal medicines with fewer side effects or the potency to protect common therapy’s side effects can be helpful in combinational therapies. Herein, we aim to explore the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) combined with Methotrexate (MTX) on Saos-2 cells apoptosis.Methods The effects of TQ and MTX alone or in combination on Saos-2 cell viability were measured by MTT assay. Real-time PCR was applied for the measurement of Bax, BCL-2, and caspase-9 mRNA expression. Apoptosis evaluation was conducted by flow cytometry.Results TQ improves the cytotoxic effects of MTX on Saos-2 cells proliferation at lower doses. Indeed, the IC50 of MTX decreased from 26 μM to 15 μM when it combined with TQ. TQ and MTX can induce the expression level of pro-apoptotic factors, Bax and caspase-9 while inhibiting anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. Moreover, the combination of TQ and MTX potentiates apoptosis to 73%, compared to either TQ (48%) or MTX (53%) treated cells.Conclusion The co-treatment of TQ and MTX is associated with the up-regulation of apoptotic factors and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors, conducting apoptosis aggravation and OS cell death.
Optimizing Fat Grafting Using a Hydraulic System Technique for Fat Processing: A Time and Cost Analysis
Authors: Verdura Vincenzo , Guastafierro Antonio , Di Pace Bruno , Faenza Mario , Nicoletti Giovanni Francesco , Rubino Corrado 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Many authors have researched ways to optimize fat grafting by looking for a technique that offers safe and long-term fat survival rate. To date, there is no standardized protocol. We designed a “hydraulic system technique” optimizing the relationship among the quantity of injected fat, operative time, and material cost to establish fat volume cutoffs for a single procedure.
Methods Thirty-six patients underwent fat grafting surgery and were organized into three groups according to material used: standard, “1-track,” and “2-tracks” systems. The amount of harvested and grafted fat as well as material used for each procedure was collected. Operating times were recorded and statistical analysis was performed to establish the relationship with the amount of treated fat.
Results In 15 cases the standard system was used (mean treated fat 72 [30–100] mL, mean cost 4.23 ± 0.27 euros), in 11 cases the “1-track” system (mean treated fat 183.3 [120–280] mL, mean cost 7.63 ± 0.6 euros), and in 10 cases the “2-tracks” one (mean treated fat 311[220–550] mL, mean cost 12.47 ± 1 euros). The mean time difference between the standard system and the “1-track” system is statistically significant starting from three fat syringes (90 mL) in 17.66 versus 6.87 minutes. The difference between the “1-track” system and “2-tracks” system becomes statistically significant from 240 mL of fat in 15 minutes (“1-track”) versus 9.3 minutes for the “2-tracks” system.
Conclusion Data analysis would indicate the use of the standard system, “1-track,” and “2-tracks” to treat an amount of fat < 90 mL of fat, 90 ÷ 240 mL of fat, and ≥ 240 mL of fat, respectively.
Comparison of Outcomes in Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: Acellular Dermal Matrix versus Inferior Dermal Flap
Authors: Mata Ribeiro Luís , Meireles Rita P. , Brito Irís M. , Costa Patrícia M. , Rebelo Marco A. , Barbosa Rui F. , Choupina Miguel P. , Pinho Carlos J. , Ribeiro Matilde P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Implant-based breast reconstruction has evolved tremendously in the last decades, mainly due to the development of new products and techniques that make the procedure safer and more reliable. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes in immediate one-stage breast reconstruction between acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and inferior dermal flap (IDF).
Methods We conducted a retrospective comparative study of patients submitted to immediate breast reconstructions with an anatomical implant and ADM or IDF in a single center between 2016 and 2018. Outcomes evaluated included major complications, early complications, reinterventions, readmissions, and reconstruction failure. Simple descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were performed.
Results A total of 118 breast reconstructions (85 patients) were included in the analysis. Patients in the IDF group had a higher body mass index (median = 27.0) than patients in the ADM group (median = 24). There were no statistically significant differences among both groups regarding immediate major complication, early complications, readmissions, and reinterventions.
Conclusion There are no significant differences in complications between the ADM and IDF approach to immediate implant breast reconstruction. In patients with higher body mass index and large, ptotic breasts, we recommend an immediate implant reconstruction with IDF.
Plastic Surgeons as Medical Directors: A Natural Transition into Medical Leadership
Authors: Jalalabadi Faryan , Ferry Andrew M. , Chang Andrew , Reece Edward M. , Izaddoost Shayan A. , Hassid Victor J. , Tahiri Youssef , Buchanan Edward P. , Winocour Sebastian J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the growing complexity of the U.S. health care system, highly motivated medical directors with strong leadership skills are vital to the success of health care facilities. Presently, there are no articles assessing a plastic surgeon's qualifications for the role of medical director. In addition, there is a paucity of literature comparing the responsibilities of medical directors across various types of health care institutions. Herein, we outline why plastic surgeons have the unique skillset to succeed in this role and highlight the differences between medical director positions across the vast landscape of health care. While the intricacies of this position vary greatly across different landscapes of the health care industry, successful medical directors lead by following a set of universal principles predisposing them for success. Plastic surgeons innately exhibit a subset of particular traits deeming them suitable candidates for the medical director position. While transitioning from the role of a surgeon to that of a medical director does require some show of adaptation, plastic surgeons are ultimately highly likely to find intrinsic benefit from serving as a medical director.
Comprehensive Evaluation of the Current Knowledge on Breast Implant Associated-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Yoo Hyokyung , Park Ji-Ung , Chang Hak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBreast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a recently spotlighted T-cell origin non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an increasing incidence of over 800 cases and 33 deaths reported worldwide. Development of BIA-ALCL is likely a complex process involving many factors, such as the textured implant surface, bacterial biofilm growth, immune response, and patient genetics. As the incidence of BIA-ALCL is expected to increase, it is important for all surgeons and physicians to be aware of this disease entity and acquire thorough knowledge of current evidence-based guidelines and recommendations. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are the foundations of current care.