bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A combined biomarker panel shows improved sensitivity and specificity for detection of ovarian cancer
Authors: Mao Lu , Tang Yong , Deng Ming‐jing , Huang Chun‐tao , Lan Dong , Nong Wen‐Zheng , Li Li , Wang Qi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundCombined biomarkers can improve the sensitivity and specificity of ovarian cancer (OC) diagnosis and effectively predict patient prognosis. This study explored the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum CCL18 and CXCL1 antigens combined with C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 autoantibodies in OC.MethodsCCL18 and CXCL1 monoclonal antibodies and C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 antigens were coated with microspheres. Logistic regression was used to construct a serum antigen‐antibody combined detection model; receiver‐operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the model; and the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis to evaluate the prognosis of OC. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) projects and online survival analysis tools were used to evaluate prognostic genes for OC. The CIBERSORT immune score was used to explore the factors influencing prognosis and their relationship with tumor‐infiltrating immune cells.ResultsThe levels of each index in the blood samples of patients with OC were higher than those of the other groups. The combined detection model has higher specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of OC, and its diagnostic efficiency is better than that of CA125 alone and diagnosing other malignant tumors. CCL18 and TM4SF1 may be factors affecting the prognosis of OC, and CCL18 may be related to immune‐infiltrating cells.ConclusionsThe serum antigen‐antibody combined detection model established in this study has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of OC.
Obesity attenuates inflammation, protein catabolism, dyslipidaemia, and muscle weakness during sepsis, independent of leptin
Authors: Vankrunkelsven Wouter , Derde Sarah , Gunst Jan , Vander Perre Sarah , Declerck Emiel , Pauwels Lies , Derese Inge , Van den Berghe Greet , Langouche Lies 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMuscle weakness is a frequently occurring complication of sepsis, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Interestingly, obesity attenuates sepsis‐induced muscle wasting and weakness. As the adipokine leptin is strongly elevated in obesity and has been shown to affect muscle homeostasis in non‐septic conditions, we aimed to investigate whether leptin mediates the protective effect of obesity on sepsis‐induced muscle weakness.MethodsIn a mouse model of sepsis, we investigated the effects of genetic leptin inactivation in obese mice (leptin‐deficient obese mice vs. diet‐induced obese mice) and of leptin supplementation in lean mice (n = 110). We assessed impact on survival, body weight and composition, markers of muscle wasting and weakness, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. In human lean and overweight/obese intensive care unit (ICU) patients, we assessed markers of protein catabolism (n = 1388) and serum leptin (n = 150).ResultsSepsis mortality was highest in leptin‐deficient obese mice (53% vs. 23% in diet‐induced obese mice and 37% in lean mice, P = 0.03). Irrespective of leptin, after 5 days of sepsis, lean mice lost double the amount of lean body mass than obese mice (P < 0.0005). Also, irrespective of leptin, obese mice maintained specific muscle force up to healthy levels (P = 0.3) whereas lean mice suffered from reduced specific muscle force (72% of healthy controls, P < 0.0002). As compared with lean septic mice, both obese septic groups had less muscle atrophy, liver amino acid catabolism, and inflammation with a 50% lower plasma TNFα increase (P < 0.005). Conversely, again mainly irrespective of leptin, obese mice lost double amount of fat mass than lean mice after 5 days of sepsis (P < 0.0001), showed signs of increased lipolysis and ketogenesis, and had higher plasma HDL and LDL lipoprotein concentrations (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Muscle fibre type composition was not altered during sepsis, but a higher atrophy sensitivity of type IIb fibres compared with IIa and IIx fibres was observed, independent of obesity or leptin. After 5 days of critical illness, serum leptin was higher (P < 0.0001) and the net waste of nitrogen (P = 0.006) and plasma urea‐to‐creatinine ratio (P < 0.0001) was lower in overweight/obese compared with lean ICU human patients.ConclusionsLeptin did not mediate the protective effect of obesity against sepsis‐induced muscle wasting and weakness in mice. Instead, obesity—independent of leptin—attenuated inflammation, protein catabolism, and dyslipidaemia, pathways that may play a role in the observed muscle protection.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography compared with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in the detection of choledocholithiasis
Authors: Samara Osama , Azzam Muayad I. , Alshrouf Mohammad A. , Khanfar Asim N. , Mohialdeen Rand Rafid , Barham Ola Fawwaz , Barham Mohammad Fawwaz , AlRyalat Saif Aldeen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis in context of laboratory blood test values.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who underwent both MRCP and US as part of their choledocholithiasis workup. MRCP findings, reviewed by two board‐certified radiologists, laboratory findings, and US reports were collected.ResultsOur study included 243 patients. On US examination 74 cases were found dilated (30.5%), while 94 cases showed dilation (38.7%) by MRCP. The overall accuracy of US was 76.1%, where 185 patients had similar MRCP and US findings, 7.8% had false positive ultrasound, and 16% had false negative ultrasound finding. The accuracy of ultrasound was significantly higher in males (p = .013). In addition, a significant difference in duct dilatation as found by ultrasound and accuracy of diagnosis (p = .01).ConclusionAlthough US has a relatively low accuracy, its properties of being cost‐effective and non‐invasive make it an ideal first step in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. If a patient has elevated liver enzymes or a high risk of choledocholithiasis, we recommend that MRCP be performed even no dilation was seen on US.
Using workplace thriving theory to investigate first‐year engineering students' abilities to thrive during the transition to online learning due to COVID‐19
Authors: Krishnakumar Sandeep , Maier Torsten , Berdanier Catherine , Ritter Sarah , McComb Christopher , Menold Jessica 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the onset of the COVID‐19 crisis, universities rapidly pivoted to online formats and were often unable to adhere to the best practices of online learning highlighted in prior literature. It is well documented that a variety of barriers impeded “normal” educational practices.Purpose/HypothesisThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of first‐year engineering students enrolled in an introductory engineering design course during the rapid transition to online working environments. We view students' perceptions through the theoretical lens of workplace thriving theory, a framework that allowed us to capture aspects of education required for students to thrive in non‐optimum learning settings.Design/MethodThis research employed semi‐structured interview methods with 13 students enrolled in an introductory engineering design course that relies on project‐based team learning. We analyzed interview transcripts using thematic analysis through an abductive approach and made interpretations through workplace thriving theory.ResultsResults indicated that students' abilities to thrive are related to four intersecting themes that demonstrate how workplace thriving theory manifests in this unanticipated online setting. These themes demonstrate elements that must be optimized for students to thrive in settings such as this: relationships with others, building and sharing knowledge through interactions, perceptions of experiential learning, and individual behaviors.ConclusionOur research, viewed through workplace thriving theory, highlights the mechanisms by which students tried to succeed in suboptimal environments. While not all our participants showed evidence of thriving, the factors required for thriving point to opportunities to harness these same factors in in‐person instruction environments.
Modulation of drought adversities in Vicia faba by the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and biochar
Authors: Nafees Muhammad , Ullah Sami , Ahmed Iftikhar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDrought is the greatest threat to world food security, seen as the catalyst for the great famines of the past. Given that the world's water supply is limited, it is likely that future demand of food for increasing population will further exacerbate the drought effects. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246) and Cellulomonas pakistanensis (NCCP11) on agronomic and physiological attributes of Vicia faba two varieties Desi (V1) and Pulista (V2) under induced drought stress. The seeds were sown in earthen pots filled with 3 kg sand and soil (1:2), and biochar (0 and 5% w/w) in triplicate arranged in complete randomized design. Analysis of biochar possessed 0.49 g cm−3 bulk density, 9.6 pH; 5.4 cmol kg−1 cation exchange capacity, 3.64% organic carbon and EC 6.7 ds/m. Agronomic attributes including seed LAI, LAR, SVI, %PHSI and RWC were improved by 30.4–180.4%, 14.37–47.20%, 37.64–50.91%, 18.21–30.80, and 35.82–54.34% in both varieties by the co‐application of biochar and PGPR. Stomatal physiology and epidermal vigor was successfully improved by the application of PGPR and biochar as analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, phenols, proline and glycine betaine were amplified by 58.33–173.8%, 50.59–130.33%, 46.58–86.62%, 46.66–109.30%, 35.74–56.10%, and 21.96–77.22% in both varieties by the co‐application of biochar and PGPR. So, the present work concluded that, combined application of biochar and PGPR could be an effective strategy to alleviate the adversities of drought in V. faba growing in drastic ecosystems.
The temperature and flow dependence of nitrate concentration and load estimates based on diffusive gradients in thin films
Authors: Corbett Thomas , Hartland Adam , Henderson William , Rys Gerald , Schipper Louis A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConcentrations determined using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) have been used to derive time‐averaged loads in streams and rivers. However, DGT provide time‐weighted average concentrations that assume the independence of concentration and flow. Additionally, dynamic and coordinated changes in temperature, flow, and concentration are potential sources of bias in concentration and load calculations. We modeled scenarios in which temperature and flow were correlated to varying degrees with concentration and evaluated the consequences for DGT concentration and load calculations. As the correlation between solution flow and concentration moved toward 1 and –1, the load determined by DGT either overestimated or underestimated the actual load by as much as 30%. In DGT‐based load estimates, the degree of potential bias should be assessed, and the concentration‐flow relation should be characterized. As the correlation of analyte concentration and temperature approached 1 and –1, the deviation of the concentration determined by DGT from the actual concentration increased. In most cases, this bias was < 2%; however, if the changes in concentration and temperature were large (∼10 mg L–1 and ∼10 °C), the bias exceeded 5%. Concentration and temperature are unlikely to be perfectly or strongly correlated or anti‐correlated in natural systems and thus should not affect the accuracy of DGT concentration calculations in most circumstances. The more solution temperature, flow, and concentration were uncorrelated, the closer DGT‐derived concentration and load were to the actual solution concentration and load.
Characterization of male‐biased fatty acid desaturase in the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis and its role in pheromone production
Authors: Cheng Jian‐Qiu , Tao Yu‐Mei , Li Jing , Chen Yong‐Zhuo , Hu Hao‐Yuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLinoleic acid is the material for biosynthesis of sex attracting and blocking (postmating) pheromones in Nasonia vitripennis, it is synthesized from oleic acid by a male‐biased fatty acid desaturase (SCD5a). In this study, we developed a specific antibody and further characterized the expression patterns of SCD5a in males at different mating stages by western blot. SCD5a was mainly expressed in male heads rather than in abdomens. Along with the aging process (from Day 1 to Day 3), SCD5a increased significantly. Compared with virgin males, mated males showed higher levels of SCD5a. Likewise, abdomen dipping frequency, during which males release attracting pheromone, increased with age and mating. Moreover, real‐time quantitative PCR revealed that genes responsible for the first three steps of attracting pheromone biosynthesis were more highly expressed in head than in abdomen, but the final gene for transformation of attracting pheromone was more highly expressed in abdomen than in head. These results suggest that linoleic acid for biosynthesis of attracting pheromones may also originate from the head rather than only synthesized at the rectal vesicles.
Adlerian personality profile in relation to career adaptability
Authors: Chang Yuhsuan , Liu Chia‐Hsin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study investigated career adaptability (CA) from an Adlerian perspective. Accordingly, Adlerian lifestyle and perfectionism were examined with CA using cluster analysis. The results supported three groups of personality orientation. The assertive perfectionist group reported the highest scores for all CA domains, the sensitive perfectionist group reported the lowest scores for career collaboration on the CA scale, and the comfort nonperfectionist group reported the lowest score for career concern on the CA scale. The study results assist clients in identifying personality and career themes and enhance career resources through the Adlerian approach with career construction theory.
Hawaiian hoary bat responses to habitat, season, and non‐native insectivore suppression
Authors: Moseley Rachel D. , Shiels Aaron B. , Aue Asa , Haines William P. , Aslan Clare E. , Liang Christina T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHabitat loss and non‐native species are 2 of the most important factors that influence native species persistence and behaviors globally. The insectivorous Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus semotus) is the only extant terrestrial mammal native to the Hawaiian Islands. Non‐native invasive insectivore species, which are potential competitors of bats for prey, may influence hoary bat behavior. The goal of this study was to determine how small‐scale suppression of invasive insectivores (rodents, ants, and yellowjacket wasps [Vespula pensylvanica]) influenced bat activity in grasslands and woodlands. We measured bat activity as a function of the number of distinct minutes in a night containing bat echolocations (bat call minutes) at 20 experimental plots (each 2.25 ha) in a dryland ecosystem on Hawaiʻi Island, November 2016–January 2018. We included 3 predictor variables: vegetation type (woodland, grassland), season (bat reproductive cycle periods: lactation, mating, pre‐pregnancy, and pregnancy), and insectivore treatment type (ant suppressed, yellowjacket wasp suppressed, rodent suppressed, combined ant+wasp+rodent suppressed, and no treatment). Bat activity was associated with all 3 predictors using a negative binomial generalized linear model. Bat call minutes and feeding buzzes were twice as high in woodlands than in the grasslands (2.4 and 2.3 times as high, respectively). Bat activity was slightly lower (0.47 bat call min/night fewer) in plots receiving the combined ant + wasp + rodent treatment compared to all other treatment plots. Feeding buzzes did not differ significantly among treatments. Mean activity was lowest during lactation (mid‐Jun–Aug). Although woodlands appear particularly important for the Hawaiian hoary bat, small‐scale bat activity and foraging do not appear to be strongly affected by resource competition with the invasive insectivores in this study.
Solutions for a class of singular quasilinear equations involving critical growth in R2$\mathbb {R}^2$
Authors: de Souza Manassés X. , Severo Uberlandio B. , Vieira Gilberto F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUsing a variational approach, we study the existence of solutions for the following class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations:
where , , is a positive potential bounded away from zero and can be “large” at infinity, the nonlinearity is allowed to satisfy the exponential critical growth with respect to the Trudinger–Moser inequality. Precisely, behaves like as for some . This model of equation has been proposed in the theory of superfluid films in plasma physics. As for as we know, this the first work involving this class of operators and singular nonlinearities with exponential critical growth. Moreover, we are able to deal with exponents .
Treatment of the uncertainties in prioritization of information technology projects: A hybrid multicriteria approach
Authors: Pariz Maria Carolina , Carvalho Claudia Maria F. , Rebelo Paula Cristina A. , Colmenero João Carlos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrioritizing information technology (IT) projects for resource direction is a complex decision‐making process that involves the analysis of qualitative and subjective criteria. The uncertainty of the subjective and imprecise assessments derived from estimated data that represent the analyzed criteria characterizes the decision‐making process. To reduce the uncertainties related to IT project priority setting, we proposed a model based on a hybrid multicriteria method composed by the best–worst method to establish the weights of the criteria and fuzzy‐TOPSIS to define the project ranking. The model allows us (1) to define strategic subcriteria, (2) adjust the weights according to the company's reality, (3) to deal with the uncertainties of the evaluations of the decision makers, and (4) provide the project ranking that translates reality into the distribution of resources in the IT sector. Finally, we applied the model to a case study in the IT sector of a Brazilian agroindustrial cooperative. For the managers, the method provides a precise decision aiding tool. Although the model has been applied to the prioritization of IT projects in a cooperative, the same can be generalized to the IT sectors of other companies.
Ultra‐broadband metamaterial absorbers based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons structure
Authors: Zhou Shiyun , Liang Xinglei , Xing Jiaqi , Fan Yudi , Zhang Ling , Li Da , Li Er‐Ping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInspired by the dispersion engineering of spoof surface plasmon polaritons, in this paper, a comprehensive scheme is proposed, which firstly develops a plasmonic absorbing structure (PAS) with wide absorption band and high angular stability. The PAS unit cell is composed of a graded metallic strip array printed on a dielectric grid and backed with a metal ground. It realizes wideband absorption in the frequency range of 18–37 GHz. Moreover, a commercial absorbing film is further integrated with the proposed PAS to expand the overall absorption bandwidth covering around 5.5–55 GHz without increasing the thickness of the whole structure excessively. Simulated and experimental results show that the proposed hybrid metamaterial absorber can provide ultra‐broadband absorption with simple design procedure and light weight, allowing potential applications such as RCS reduction of antennas, electromagnetic shielding, and so on.
Distal symmetric polyneuropathy phenotype in patients with sensory neuronopathy at the time of electrodiagnosis
Authors: Davalos Long , Nowacek Dustin G. , London Zachary N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIt is unknown how often patients with sensory neuronopathy (SNN) present with a distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP) phenotype. In these cases, electrodiagnostic testing may discriminate SNN with a DSP phenotype from DSP.MethodsWe reviewed the records of patients who met SNN diagnostic criteria between January 2000 and February 2021 and identified patients with a DSP phenotype at the time of electrodiagnosis.ResultsSixty‐two patients fulfilled SNN diagnostic criteria. At symptom onset, 20 (32.2%) patients presented with distal symmetric sensory symptoms limited to the feet. However, most progressed rapidly over 6 months or developed asymmetric symptoms. At the time of electrodiagnosis, only seven (11.3%) patients had a DSP phenotype. Of these seven patients, four had cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome, one had vitamin B6 deficiency, one was thought to be alcohol‐induced, and one was idiopathic.DiscussionPatients with SNN rarely present with a DSP phenotype at the time of electrodiagnosis. The finding that one third of cases resemble DSP at onset highlights the importance of clinical monitoring. In patients with a DSP phenotype, the presence of ataxia at onset or significant progression within 6 months may suggest the possibility of SNN and should prompt additional investigations, such as electrodiagnosis.
Death at distance: Mobility, memory, and place among the late precontact Oneota in the central Illinois River Valley
Authors: Bengtson Jennifer D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDrawing on literatures on mobility and memory, I present a theoretical and interpretive reframing of skeletal taphonomy and mortuary process previously reported for a precontact Oneota cemetery in the North American midcontinent. Most burials here were single inhumations, with individuals apparently interred promptly after death. Others were placed in graves containing multiple individuals who died violently and whose bones bore taphonomic signatures of extended exposure, suggesting they were killed away from home and not recovered or interred until significant time had passed after their deaths. These burials were previously interpreted as haphazard and carelessly executed, possibly owing to circumstances of death. In this paper, I seek to better understand acts of encountering, collecting, transporting, and interring these decomposed remains as discursive practices, conditioned by localized mobility and charged with social memory. Rather than representing an aberrant burial treatment employed solely for expedient disposal, I suggest that their taphonomy and presence in the cemetery offer insights into intentional and repeated engagement with the landscape, invoking/perpetuating traditional Oneota practices involving skeletonized remains. This interpretation provides a case study on how osteologists can contribute to social perspectives on the power of mobile dead bodies in the deployment of memory and construction of place in the ancient past.