bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element analysis and energy recovery calculation of carbon fiber composite based on ANSYS software
Authors: Zheng Jianxiao , Duan Zhishan , Zhou Liming 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To study the response under impact load of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials that have excellent mechanical properties. Design/methodology/approach: Finite element analysis of unidirectional plates was conducted under unsymmetrical impact load based on drop weight impact test. At the macroscopic scale, a finite element model was built on ANSYS/LS-DYNA, which took the impact response of carbon fiber unidirectional plates as unknown quantity. The model considered the macroscopic response of carbon fiber unidirectional plates under different initial conditions, from the aspects of stress, strain, energy change and deformation degree of unidirectional plates. Finally, a mathematical model of energy recovery of carbon fiber composite materials under partial impact load was established, and the energy recovery amount under different fiber orientations was calculated on MATLAB. Findings: The impact energy absorbed by the unidirectional plate is the largest when the fiber orientation is 30°. To improve the impact resistance of unidirectional plates under unsymmetrical impact load, laying schemes should be avoided at fiber orientations of 0°, 15° and 60°, and be recommended at 30°, 45°, and 75°. For impact velocity, 4.71 and 7.54 m/s should be avoided, while 2 m/s is recommended. For the impact weight, 50 and 250 kg weights should be avoided, and 150 and 200 kg weights are recommended. Originality/value: This model not only provides reference for similar impact resistance research, but also predicts the impact response of unidirectional plates under different initial loads in the future. It can also provide reference for the structure using carbon fiber composite materials to achieve lightweight.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate has a negative effect on RBC storage quality
Authors: Hay Ariel , Nemkov Travis , Gamboni Fabia , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Key Alicia , Galbraith Matthew , Bartsch Kyle , Sun Kaiqi , Xia Yang , Stone Mars , Busch Michael P. , Norris Philip J. , Zimring James C. , D’Alessandro Angelo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBlood storage promotes the rapid depletion of red blood cell (RBC) high-energy adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), which are critical regulators of erythrocyte physiology and function, as well as oxygen kinetics and posttransfusion survival. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes fluxes through glycolysis. We hypothesized that S1P supplementation to stored RBC units would improve energy metabolism and posttransfusion recovery. We quantified S1P in 1929 samples (n = 643, storage days 10, 23, and 42) from the REDS RBC Omics study. We then supplemented human and murine RBCs from good storer (C57BL6/J) and poor storer strains (FVB) with S1P (1, 5, and 10 μM) before measurements of metabolism and posttransfusion recovery. Similar experiments were repeated for mice with genetic ablation of the S1P biosynthetic pathway (sphingosine kinase 1 [Sphk1] knockout [KO]). Sample analyses included metabolomics at steady state, tracing experiments with 1,2,3-13C3-glucose, proteomics, and analysis of end-of-storage posttransfusion recovery, under normoxic and hypoxic storage conditions. Storage promoted decreases in S1P levels, which were the highest in units donated by female or older donors. Supplementation of S1P to human and murine RBCs boosted the steady-state levels of glycolytic metabolites and glycolytic fluxes, ie the generation of ATP and DPG, at the expense of the pentose phosphate pathway. Lower posttransfusion recovery was observed upon S1P supplementation. All these phenomena were reversed in Sphk1 KO mice or with hypoxic storage. S1P is a positive regulator of energy metabolism and a negative regulator of antioxidant metabolism in stored RBCs, resulting in lower posttransfusion recoveries in murine models.
Cisplatin-loaded metal–phenolic network with photothermal-triggered ROS generation for chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Wang Lulu , Liu Sijia , Luo Xuezhen , Wang Kai , He Qizhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeveloping multifunctional composites has received widespread attention for cancer treatment. Herein, a metal–phenolic network (MPN)-based composite loading with chemotherapy agents (TAFP) exhibits high anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy via photothermal therapy (PTT), chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT), and chemotherapy. The nanocomposite was formed by mixing the chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin, DDP) into the tannic acid (TA) and Fe3+ network (TAFe) to integrate the synergistic effect of PTT, CDT, and chemotherapy. Due to the acidic tumor microenvironment, the active substances could be released with the degradation of the metal–phenolic network, and the released DDP would induce the chemotherapy. More importantly, the released TA under the acidic environment could increase iron bioavailability by converting Fe3+ to Fe2+, which converts hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to highly toxic hydroxyl radical via the Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, the heat generated from TAFP after near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation could enhance the therapeutic effect of CDT and chemotherapy. Furthermore, the composite exhibited unique anticancer efficacy in vivo with low toxicity. Collectively, this work may facilitate the development of metal–phenolic network-based photothermal agents for clinic anti-tumor applications.
robustica: customizable robust independent component analysis
Authors: Anglada-Girotto Miquel , Miravet-Verde Samuel , Serrano Luis , Head Sarah A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIndependent Component Analysis (ICA) allows the dissection of omic datasets into modules that help to interpret global molecular signatures. The inherent randomness of this algorithm can be overcome by clustering many iterations of ICA together to obtain robust components. Existing algorithms for robust ICA are dependent on the choice of clustering method and on computing a potentially biased and large Pearson distance matrix.ResultsWe presentrobustica, a Python-based package to compute robust independent components with a fully customizable clustering algorithm and distance metric. Here, we exploited its customizability to revisit and optimize robust ICA systematically. Of the 6 popular clustering algorithms considered,DBSCANperformed the best at clustering independent components across ICA iterations. To enable using Euclidean distances, we created a subroutine that infers and corrects the components’ signs across ICA iterations. Our subroutine increased the resolution, robustness, and computational efficiency of the algorithm. Finally, we show the applicability ofrobusticaby dissecting over 500 tumor samples from low-grade glioma (LGG) patients, where we define two new gene expression modules with key modulators of tumor progression uponIDH1andTP53mutagenesis.Conclusionrobusticabrings precise, efficient, and customizable robust ICA into the Python toolbox. Through its customizability, we explored how different clustering algorithms and distance metrics can further optimize robust ICA. Then, we showcased howrobusticacan be used to discover gene modules associated with combinations of features of biological interest. Taken together, given the broad applicability of ICA for omic data analysis, we envisionrobusticawill facilitate the seamless computation and integration of robust independent components in large pipelines.
Two-handed facemask technique effectively causes hyperventilation in electroconvulsive therapy: an observational study
Authors: Shimamoto Yoko , Sanuki Michiyoshi , Kurita Shigeaki , Ueki Masaya , Kuwahara Yoshie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the mainstay treatment option for patients with psychiatric diseases, such as severe depression. Although various anesthetic techniques provide adequate therapeutic seizures, hyperventilation is a useful adjunct to augment seizure duration and improve seizure quality. We investigated how to efficiently use a facemask to accomplish protocolized hyperventilation and evaluate its effect on ECT seizure.

Methods
We studied 60 patients aged ≥18 years who underwent ECT. The patients were divided into two groups according to the technique of facemask ventilation used: the one-handed (n = 30) and two-handed (n = 30) groups. Following anesthesia induction under preoxygenation conditions, hyperventilation induced hypocapnia in the one-handed facemask group with manual bag ventilation was compared to that in the two-handed facemask group with assisted pressure-controlled ventilation. Ictal and peri-ictal electroencephalogram parameters and cardiovascular responses were monitored and compared between the one-handed and two-handed groups.

Results
The two-handed technique demonstrated better electroencephalogram regularity and minimized cardiovascular stress compared to the one-handed technique. These conclusions come from the fact that the one-handed technique induced a substantial volume of leaks around the facemask (201.7 ± 98.6 mL/breath), whereas minimal leaks (25.8 ± 44.6 mL/breath) with stabler and higher ventilation rate led to greater inhaled minute ventilation in the two-handed group (the one-handed group, 9.52 ± 3.94 L/min; the two-handed group, 11.95 ± 2.29 L/min; p <  0.005). At the end of ECT treatment, all parameters of blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly in both groups equally, with lower SpO2 and more ST-segment depression on the electrocardiogram in the one-handed group. Comparing baseline values before anesthesia, ECT treatment significantly depressed ST-segment in both groups, while the degree of depression in ST-segment increased significantly in the one-handed group compared to that in the two-handed group.

Conclusions
End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring for hyperventilation can reliably ensure hypocapnia only in the two-handed group. In ECT, the two-handed technique assisted by pressure-controlled ventilation is an effective and practical method for hyperventilation to induce adequate therapeutic seizures. While, the two-handed group with sufficient preoxygenation did not cause more cardiovascular stress than the one-handed group.

Trial registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry 000046544, Date of registration 05/01/2022.
Measuring frailty and its association with key outcomes in the ambulance setting: a cross sectional observational study
Authors: Charlton Karl , Sinclair David R , Hanratty Barbara , Burrow Emma , Stow Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about frailty in the ambulance setting, or its association with outcomes relevant to ambulance services. We sought to measure frailty in people aged ≥ 50 attended by an ambulance, and describe the relationship between frailty, odds of conveyance to hospital, and duration at scene.

Methods
An observational study between 01/01/2021-30/06/2021 in North East Ambulance Service, England. Participants were aged ≥ 50 attended by an ambulance, excluding patients requiring immediate treatment for a life-threatening condition or with Glasgow Coma Scale < 15. Paramedics (n = 112) measured patient frailty using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Additional information was extracted from ambulance care records. Weighted regression models examined associations between frailty, hospital conveyance, and duration at scene.

Results
Three thousand and fifty-six callouts were observed (mean patient age: 78.1 years, 57.2% female). Frailty prevalence (CFS ≥ 5) was 58.7%. Median duration at scene was 47.0 min (interquartile range 34.0–67.0 min). Ambulances spent a median of 8.2 (95%CI:5.4–11.0) minutes longer with frail patients than non-frail patients. Frail patients were less likely to be conveyed to hospital than non-frail patients (OR:0.75, 95%CI:0.60–0.94).

Conclusion
Frailty is common among people aged ≥ 50 attended by an ambulance and an important influence on workload. Ambulance services need a good understanding of frailty to meet patient needs. As populations age, community support should be prioritised to deliver appropriate frailty care and reduce demands on ambulance services.
Comparison of prenatal ultrasound with MRI in the evaluation and prediction of fetal orofacial clefts
Authors: Gai Shuangshuang , Wang Lixiu , Zheng Weizeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common craniofacial abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic and predictive values of prenatal ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
We reviewed the newborn physical examinations or fetal autopsy data with OFCs. Between January 2013 and December 2018, the diagnoses resulting from prenatal US and MRI examination were compared retrospectively with the postpartum diagnoses. The diagnostic prediction of prenatal imaging was then determined.

Results
334 infants were identified with OFCs by either newborn physical exam or stillborn autopsy. For detection of OFCs by US, the total accuracy (ACC), true positive rate (TPR), true negative rate (TNR), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 99.9% (111,178/110,286), 81.9% (230/281), 99.9% (109,948/110,005), 80.1% (230/287), and 99.9% (109,948/109,999), respectively. For MRI, the ACC, TPR, TNR, PPV, and NPV were 99.8% (4,125/4,132), 89.8% (44/49), 99.9% (4,081/4,083), 95.7% (44/46), and 99.9% (4,081/4,086), respectively. When we compared the predictive values between prenatal US and MRI, there were significant differences in the PPV of OFCs (P < 0.05), NPV of OFCs (P < 0.05), TPR of CLO (P < 0.001), PPV of CLP (P < 0.05), and TPR of CPO (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that prenatal US could be effective for diagnosing and ruling out fetal OFCs. Diagnostic confidence is significantly improved when fetal MRI is used to assess fetal OFCs as an adjunct to US examination.
A new modified obstetric early warning score for prognostication of severe maternal morbidity
Authors: Xu Yonghui , Zhu Sha , Song Hao , Lian Xiaoyuan , Zeng Maoni , He Ji , Shu Lijuan , Xue XingSheng , Xiao Fei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Maternal mortality is still a major challenge for health systems, while severe maternal complications are the primary causes of maternal death. Our study aimed to determine whether severe maternal morbidity is effectively predicted by a newly proposed Modified Obstetric Early Warning Score (MOEWS) in the setting of an obstetric intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods
A retrospective study of pregnant women admitted in the ICU from August 2019 to August 2020 was conducted. MOEWS was calculated 24 h before and 24 h after admission in the ICU, and the highest score was taken as the final value. For women directly admitted from the emergency department, the worst value before admission was collected. The aggregate performance of MOEWS in predicting critical illness in pregnant women was evaluated and finally compared with that of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score.

Results
A total of 352 pregnant women were enrolled; 290 women (82.4%) with severe maternal morbidity were identified and two of them died (0.6%). The MOEWSs of women with serious obstetric complications were significantly higher than those of women without serious obstetric complications [8(6, 10) vs. 4(2, 4.25), z = -10.347, P < 0.001]. MOEWSs of 24 h after ICU admission had higher sensitivity, specificity and AUROC than MOEWSs of 24 h before ICU admission. When combining the two MOEWSs, sensitivity of MOEWS was 99.3% (95% CI: 98–100), specificity 75.8% (95% CI: 63–86), positive predictive value (PPV) 95.1% (95% CI: 92–97) and negative predictive value (NPV) 95.9% (95% CI: 86–100). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of MOEWS were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88–0.96) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.63–0.76) of the APACHE II score.

Conclusion
The newly proposed MOEWS has an excellent ability to identify critically ill women early and is more effective than APACHE II. It will be a valuable tool for discriminating severe maternal morbidity and ultimately improve maternal health.
Exploring uncertainty and use of real-world data in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence single technology appraisals of targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Kang Jiyeon , Cairns John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Dealing with uncertainty is one of the critical topics in health technology assessment. The greater decision uncertainty in appraisals, the less clear the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of the health technology. Although the development of targeted cancer therapies (TCTs) has improved patient health care, additional complexity has been introduced in drug appraisals due to targeting more specific populations. Real-world data (RWD) are expected to provide helpful information to fill the evidence gaps in appraisals. This study compared appraisals of TCTs with those of non-targeted cancer therapies (non-TCTs) regarding sources of uncertainty and reviewed how RWD have been used to supplement the information in these appraisals.

Methods
This study reviews single technology appraisals (STAs) of oncology medicines performed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) over 11 years up to December 2021. Three key sources of uncertainty were identified for comparison (generalisability of clinical trials, availability of direct treatment comparison, maturity of survival data in clinical trials). To measure the intensity of use of RWD in appraisals, three components were identified (overall survival, volume of treatment, and choice of comparators).

Results
TCTs received more recommendations for provision through the Cancer Drugs Fund (27.7, 23.6% for non-TCT), whereas similar proportions were recommended for routine commissioning. With respect to sources of uncertainty, the external validity of clinical trials was greater in TCT appraisals (p = 0.026), whereas mature survival data were available in fewer TCT appraisals (p = 0.027). Both groups showed similar patterns of use of RWD. There was no clear evidence that RWD have been used more intensively in appraisals of TCT.

Conclusions
Some differences in uncertainty were found between TCT and non-TCT appraisals. The appraisal of TCT is generally challenging, but these challenges are neither new nor distinctive. The same sources of uncertainty were often found in the non-TCT appraisals. The uncertainty when appraising TCT stems from insufficient data rather than the characteristics of the drugs. Although RWD might be expected to play a more active role in appraisals of TCT, the use of RWD has generally been limited.
Long-term complications of cosmetic iris implants
Authors: Queiruga-Piñeiro Juan , Parra-Rodriguez Tomas , Rodriguez-Una Ignacio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Additive cosmetic implants (NewColorIris, Kahn Medical Devices, Panama City, Panama) are placed in the anterior chamber, in order to externally change iris color. There is a lack of robust clinical long-term prospective studies regarding the safety of these devices, as they have been related to the early-onset presentation of corneal decompensation, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), uveitis and hyphema. However, in this case report some mild complications started to manifest unexpectedly late: 15 years after an uneventful procedure.

Case presentation
A 41-year-old Caucasian woman presented with blurred vision in both eyes over the last 6 months. Fifteen years earlier, she had undergone bilateral implantation of additive iris implants for aesthetic purposes, without any complication or ocular trauma during the follow-up. Ocular examination showed bilateral mild corneal edema, iris atrophy, and presence of pigment in the endothelium. Increased IOP (28 mmHg) was identified in the right eye. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) confirmed the decentration of the iris implant from the pupillary axis in that eye. Gonioscopy demonstrated pigment dispersion in both eyes, as well as a tendency to bilateral angle closure, that was also illustrated by AS-OCT analysis. Endothelial cell count was 1268 cells/mm2 in the right eye and 1122 cells/mm2 in the left eye.
The presence of both implants was affecting corneal endothelium and anterior chamber angle in both eyes, and additionally, the decentration of the device in the case of the right eye led to secondary ocular hypertension in that eye.

Conclusions
Cosmetic implants in contact to the iris can remain quiescent for years, leading to possible complications that can present even in the long-term. The degree of implant decentration, the stage of angle closure disease and the magnitude of pigment dispersion may be some important factors related to the onset time of complications in these cases.
Effects of the DAGIS randomized controlled trial on home environment and children’s food consumption according to the degree of implementation
Authors: Lehto Reetta , Vepsäläinen Henna , Lehtimäki Aku-Ville , Lehto Elviira , Leppänen Marja H. , Skaffari Essi , Abdollahi Anna M. , Roos Eva , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Ray Carola 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCombining process evaluation data with effectiveness data and examining the possible mediators of intervention effects elicits valuable knowledge about how and for whom these interventions are effective. The aim of this study was to examine whether the parental degree of implementation (DOI) of a home-involving preschool intervention affected children’s food consumption via home mediators.MethodsThe five-month Increased Health and Wellbeing in Preschools (DAGIS) intervention involved 476 participating children aged 3–6 years and was conducted in 2017–2018. Parents reported children’s food consumption (g/day) outside childcare hours, the availability of foods at home, role modelling of food consumption, and the norms related to food consumption. In addition, parents reported the extent to which they had implemented the intervention program at home. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine the effect of low and high DOI compared to control group on the change in children’s consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV), sugary everyday foods, sugary treats, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) via food availability in the home, parental role modelling and parental norms.ResultsCompared to the control group, there was a direct effect of a high DOI on diminishing consumption of SSB (B -27.71, 95% CI -49.05, -4.80). No indirect effects were detected. In the high DOI group, a change in parental norm was associated with increased FV consumption showing an indirect effect (B 4.31, 95% CI 0.23, 10.59). In the low DOI group, there was an indirect effect via decreased food availability leading to decreased sugary everyday food consumption (B -2.17, 95% CI -5.09, -0.09).ConclusionsCombining process evaluation and effectiveness data revealed a decrease in children’s SSB consumption only in the high DOI group, as well as indirect effects on children’s consumption of FV and sugary everyday foods. In order to gain more intervention effects, further studies are required in order to examine parental facilitators and barriers to the implementation of interventions and how to impact effectively the determinants of the targeted behavior.Trial registrationISRCTN57165350 (8 January, 2015).