bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting the solar conversion efficiency of MoSe2/PtX2 (X = O, S) vdW heterostructure by strain and electric field engineering
Authors: Chang Yee Hui Robin , Yeoh Keat Hoe , Jiang Junke , Khong Heng Yen , Mahat Mohd Muzamir , Chai Soo See , Liew Fui Kiew , Tuh Moi Hua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Vertically stacking two-dimensional materials via weak van der Waals (vdW) forces is an effective strategy for modulating optoelectronic performance of materials. To accelerate more novel MoSe2-based heterostructure design, the interlayer coupling effect in MoSe2/PtX2 (X = O, S) heterostructure has been systematically studied, from the atomic structure to the electronic and optical properties, on the basis of first-principles calculations and BSE model with scissor inclusion. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveil a type-II indirect bandgap measuring between 0.85 and 0.91 eV at HSE06 level, with Bader and charge density difference analyses suggesting occurrence of charge redistributions at the interface and electrons diffusion from MoSe2 to PtX2 layers, driven by large band offsets. The thermodynamic and thermal stabilities of the heterostructures are demonstrated by the negative binding energy and AIMD simulation. The heterostructure interface is influenced by the weak vdW coupling with an equilibrium interlayer distance of 3.01 to 3.08 Å and binding energy of −5.5 to −11.2 meV Å−2, indicating an exothermic process and steady adhesion at the interface. Reasonable lattice mismatch that ranges from 1.5 to 4.7% between the vdW heterostructure and separate monolayers suggests good structure compatibility. The optical performance of the heterostructure was examined using the real and imaginary components of dielectric function, where enhanced light absorption of 104–105 cm−1 and prominent peaks are observed encompassing the infrared to ultraviolet domains. Record high spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency (SLME) of ∼33% was also predicted. The absorption strength of MoSe2/PtO2 and MoSe2/PtS2 enhances with increasing negative external electric field (Eext) and compressive strain, individually, inferring their optical properties modulation by Eext and biaxial strain. Both heterostructures present high carrier mobility up to 1322.98 cm2 V−1 s−1 in zigzag direction.
Scrutinization of coating thickness of Sutterby fluid during isothermal blade coating using lubrication theory: the case of plane coater and exponential coater
Authors: Abbas Z , Hanif A , Khaliq S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the literature, there is a gap regarding the analysis of coating thickness of Sutterby fluid during isothermal blade coating using lubrication theory, focusing on the case of plane coater and exponential coater. During the blade coating processes, this report presents the outcome of a study on an isothermal and incompressible flow of a Sutterby fluid. Both the planar and exponential coaters were considered in the analysis. Lubrication theory was used to simplify the non-dimensional governing equations, which were then solved using the numerical shooting approach and perturbation technique for small values of the fluid parameter. Furthermore, the perturbation results are compared to the numerical results and are in good agreement. As the fluid parameter increases, the shear-thinning effect is noted, leading to an increased velocity profile and coating thickness while reducing blade load. Sutterby fluid parameter develops to be the controlling parameter for Pressure profile and blade load compared to the Newtonian case, which leads to an effective coating process and improves the substrate life.
Optical properties of graphane in infrared range
Authors: Preobrazhensky E I , Oladyshkin I V , Tokman M D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The theory of optical effects in hydrogenated graphene (graphane) in the terahertz and infrared range is developed, including the analysis of complex conductivity, reflection coefficient for graphane on a substrate and dispersion of surface plasmon-polaritons. The calculations are based on quite simple analytical approximation of graphane band structure in the vicinity of Γ-point and on the modified model of quantum coherence relaxation. Comparison of the obtained theoretical results with corresponding experimental data can be used both for the determination of graphane characteristics (Fermi level, relaxation rate etc) and for the investigation of potential applications of this material in the design of new optical elements.
Photometric Redshift Estimates using Bayesian Neural Networks in the CSST Survey
Authors: Zhou Xingchen , Gong Yan , Meng Xian-Min , Chen Xuelei , Chen Zhu , Du Wei , Fu Liping , Luo Zhijian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Galaxy photometric redshift (photoz) is crucial in cosmological studies, such as weak gravitational lensing and galaxy angular clustering measurements. In this work, we try to extract photoz information and construct its probability distribution function (PDF) using the Bayesian neural networks from both galaxy flux and image data expected to be obtained by the China Space Station Telescope (CSST). The mock galaxy images are generated from the Hubble Space Telescope - Advanced Camera for Surveys (HST-ACS) and COSMOS catalogs, in which the CSST instrumental effects are carefully considered. In addition, the galaxy flux data are measured from galaxy images using aperture photometry. We construct a Bayesian multilayer perceptron (B-MLP) and Bayesian convolutional neural network (B-CNN) to predict photoz along with the PDFs from fluxes and images, respectively. We combine the B-MLP and B-CNN together, and construct a hybrid network and employ the transfer learning techniques to investigate the improvement of including both flux and image data. For galaxy samples with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) > 10 in g or i band, we find the accuracy and outlier fraction of photoz can achieve σ
NMAD = 0.022 and η = 2.35% for the B-MLP using flux data only, and σ
NMAD = 0.022 and η = 1.32% for the B-CNN using image data only. The Bayesian hybrid network can achieve σ
NMAD = 0.021 and η = 1.23%, and utilizing transfer learning technique can improve results to σ
NMAD = 0.019 and η = 1.17%, which can provide the most confident predictions with the lowest average uncertainty.
CMS improved resistive plate chamber studies in preparation for the high luminosity phase of the LHC
Authors: Uribe Estrada C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The high luminosity expected from the HL-LHC will provide a great opportunity for precise physics measurements and searches for new physics. Nevertheless, the increased rate of particles coming from the collisions will pose a challenge for the CMS detectors. To prepare the muon system for the challenging conditions during the high luminosity phase, several upgrades have been planned and are being developed. Thanks to their fast time and space resolution, resistive plate chambers form part of the trigger system and are installed both in the barrel and endcap regions as a subsystem of the muon detector. As part of the upgrades, the muon forward region will be enhanced with two stations, called RE3/1 and RE4/1, equipped with improved Resistive Plate Chambers (iRPCs). These detectors use thinner electrodes, a narrower gas gap (1.4 mm compared to 2 mm in the current design) and improved front-end electronics. These features allow them to withstand particle rates up to a few kHz/cm2. Furthermore, they will extend the geometrical acceptance of the RPCs from a pseudorapidity of 1.9 to 2.4. In this work we present different studies related to the iRPC prototypes in preparation for the high luminosity phase of the LHC.
The Topmetal-CEE prototype, a direct charge sensor for the beam monitor of the CSR external-target experiment
Authors: You B. , Gao C. , Yang P. , Guo D. , Tian X. , Huang G. , Liu J. , Sun X. , Wang H. , Xiao L. , Huang F. , Feng W. , Ye Q. , Guo Z. , Qiao Y. , Hu Z. , Yang Y. , Zhao C. , Yang H. , Wang Z. , Liu F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Cooler-Storage-Ring External-target Experiment (CEE) which is being constructed since 2020 is a spectrometer to study the properties of nuclear matter at high baryon density region. We present the design and simulation results of a sensor named Topmetal-CEE which is being developed for an online beam monitor of the CEE. A prototype of the Topmetal-CEE has been designed in a standard CMOS 130 nm process and is being fabricated. The Topmetal-CEE prototype has 180 channels with a pitch of 100 μm. In each channel, electrons are collected by a charge collection electrode which is a top-most metal exposed to the surrounding media, amplified by a charge sensitive amplifier, and then fed into a discriminator. The output of the discriminator is split into two paths which record Time of Arrival (ToA) and Time over Threshold (ToT) of the collected signal, respectively. In order to reduce the dead time, 180 channels are split into two separate parts and then the information in each part is read out by a data-driving priority readout scheme independently. Each channel has its own address encoded by an address encoder. The ToA, ToT and address of each channel are framed and encoded, and then transferred off chip with a serial speed of 4.4 Gbps.
Recent advances in lead-free based perovskite solar cells on optoelectronic properties, stability and economic feasibility
Authors: Chakraborty Kunal , Gupta Choudhury Mahua , Choudhury Sushabhan , Paul Samrat 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present review article represents the scope of different
lead (Pb)-free hybrid halide Perovskite solar cells (PSC) for
photovoltaic (PV) applications. Research on lead-free material is
emerging mainly to identify the alternatives of lead in the
Perovskite solar cells. Several homovalent (Sn2+, Ge2+,
Cu2+) and heterovalent (Sb3+, Bi3+, Ti4+)
materials have good physical properties to replace the lead content
in the absorbing material compound. However the power conversion
efficiency (PCE, %) is not higher as compared to lead based
material. This review article focuses on the characteristics,
material properties, stability and performance of the different
Pb-free materials as absorbing layer in the Perovskite solar cells.
SiPM and PMT driving, signals count, and peak detection circuits, suitable for particle detection
Authors: Fardipour Raki Gholamreza , Ghahremani Gol Maryam , Sahraei Mohammad , Khakzad Mohsen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The signals received from the optical receivers like SiPM
and PMT due to the collision of energetic particles with the
scintillators attached to these optical receivers are weak and
fast. Optimizing signals is necessary to measure the number of
signals and their peak height with electronic circuits. This text
presents an example of SiPM's driver circuit, signal counting, and
peak measurement. Also, the electronic circuits necessary to
optimize the signals, including amplification, removing background
noise, converting the signal to digital, and increasing the duration
of the signal, are presented in this text. In the end, we provide
two tests to confirm the correct operation of the circuits. Such a
system has several advantages. This set has a small volume and is
portable. Its operating voltage is 12 volts, with a current of about
0.3 amps; as a result, it is easily possible to use this set in any
experiment. In addition, the cost of building such a system is much
lower than providing similar ready-made designs. The most important
achievement here is to convert the standard signal taken from the
detector into an almost ideal optimized signal for signal counting
and peak measurement. Therefore, it seems that using all or part of
these circuits can be helpful for researchers. This text presents a
particular method for signal optimization and provides the reader
with a coherent and complete process of building and testing
circuits. If the reader is familiar with the basics of electronics
and detectors, they can reconstruct the circuits without any
problems. Therefore, parts of this text may have an educational and
review form.
Facile construction of tumour spheroids with induced M2 macrophage polarization for anticancer drug screening
Authors: Tran Na Ly , Lee In Kyu , Kim Hyerim , Lee Kangwon , Kim Sang-Heon , Oh Seung Ja 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in cancer progression and drug resistance in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Consequently, macrophages as therapeutic targets have garnered increased attention; however, there are hurdles to screening interactions between cancer and macrophages owing to technical difficulties in recapitulating in vitro physiological systems. In this study, we propose a simple strategy to construct tumour spheroids with induced M2 macrophage polarization for anticancer drug screening. We observed that cytokine expression related to the TME in three-dimensional (3D) cancer spheroids was enhanced compared with that in two-dimensional conventional cancer cell cultures. We also demonstrated that the 3D breast tumour spheroids promote M2-like TAM polarization via granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Furthermore, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, an abundant stromal cell population in the breast cancer TME, further enhanced the M2 phenotype in the in vitro tumour spheroids. Therefore, we propose the tumour spheroids as a drug screening platform to evaluate drug efficacy in cancers. Overall, the simple strategy to form tumour spheroids developed in this study will broaden the understanding of communication between cancer cells and macrophages and contribute to the evaluation of cancers and the development of better strategies for their therapy and management.
Soil coarsening alleviates precipitation constraint on vegetation growth in global drylands
Authors: Zhu Xinrong , Liu Hongyan , Xu Chongyang , Wu Lu , Shi Liang , Liu Feng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Drought is an important and complicated topic, and the specific variables that are considered to represent climate drought stress and plant water stress often generate highly contradictory conclusions. As the junction of the atmosphere and the biosphere, soil may play an important role in separating climatic drought stress from vegetation water constraint. Here, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of water constraint on vegetation growth in global drylands by separating precipitation constraint and soil moisture constraint. Although global drylands are characterized by low precipitation supply capacity, there are indeed a large number of grids showing decoupled water availability for plants from variability of precipitation, with ratios of 47%, 64%, and 61% for arid, semiarid, and subhumid regions, respectively. Soil properties, instead of climate and root length regimes, can explain the water constraint divergence between precipitation and soil moisture. Sand content emerges as the most significant soil property to weaken the precipitation constraint on vegetation growth, with a 1% increase in sand content of global arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid regions increasing an average of 0.31, 0.45, and 0.04 gC m−2 yr−1 gross primary productivity (GPP) deviation from the theoretical GPP determined by precipitation, respectively. This study provides new insight into how soil texture interacts with precipitation constraints to influence plant-available water in global drylands, which contributes to assessing ecological drought in global drylands.
Unified thermodynamic–kinetic uncertainty relation
Authors: Vo Van Tuan , Van Vu Tan , Hasegawa Yoshihiko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Understanding current fluctuations is of fundamental importance and paves the way for the development of practical applications. According to the thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations, the precision of currents can be constrained solely by the total entropy production or dynamical activity. In this study, we derive a tighter bound on the precision of currents in terms of both thermodynamic and kinetic quantities, demonstrating that these quantities jointly constrain current fluctuations. The thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations become particular cases of our result in asymptotic limits. Intriguingly, the unified thermodynamic–kinetic uncertainty relation leads to a tighter classical speed limit, refining the time constraint on the system’s state transformation. The proposed framework can be extended to apply to state observables and systems with unidirectional transitions, thereby providing a constraint on the precision of the first-passage time.
Design of groundwater monitoring network for coastal aquifers based on seawater intrusion vulnerability: A case study of Mandaue City, Philippines
Authors: Condor B , Patiño C , Sinogaya J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Groundwater is an essential source of freshwater. However, this natural resource exhibits high vulnerability to contamination due to human activities and natural phenomena. Over extraction of groundwater and sea level rise have hastened seawater intrusion in aquifers that lie along the coasts. This has led to the accelerated deterioration of groundwater quality in coastal aquifers. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop tools to monitor groundwater resources. In this study, a framework of selecting priority areas for monitoring was applied to Mandaue City, Philippines. The monitoring areas were selected based on their vulnerability to seawater intrusion using the GALDIT-index. A collection of 77 initial public sites were investigated as potential locations of monitoring wells. The resulting network determined 45 priority areas located across the study area wherein monitoring wells should be located for the long-term observation of groundwater quality. These sites are composed of 28 from the initially investigated locations and 17 proposed sites which were determined to satisfy the required number of wells lacking in certain areas. The results of this study are intended to aid decision makers in creating groundwater management plans.
Green energy and environmental sustainability on Vernacular Architecture. The case of Ayllus of Atacama Desert and stilt houses of Chiloé
Authors: Pareti Stefania , Valdebenito Vicente , Rudolph Loreto , Bustamante Claudia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to explore the development of vernacular techniques capable of facilitate a green and sustainable architecture today’s. An ayllu in San Pedro de Atacama and a stilt house in Chiloé are selected as a comparative case, since (1) both are part of the vernacular architecture of its respective place, (3) both cases belong to extreme regions of the country, with both geographical characteristics totally opposite, the ayllu in the extreme north with a desert climate and the stilt houses in the country’s south with low temperatures and maritime-rainy climate, (4) both cases are works of green and sustainable architecture, wooden on stilt houses and adobe on ayllu. The methodology is carried out through three points, contamination levels (1), materiality (2) and energetic design and climate adaptation (3). It is concluded that the development of particular vernacular architecture, can introduce new logics to develop green energy and being closer to environmental sustainability, as has occurred in the palafitos and in the ayllu.
An approach for analysis of critical infrastructure vulnerability to climate hazards
Authors: Zlateva P , Hadjitodorov S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years, climate change negatively impacts on the resilience of critical infrastructure. This increases the vulnerability of critical infrastructure to climate hazards. In this paper is proposed an approach for analysis of the critical infrastructure vulnerability to climate hazards. It is assumed that the level of vulnerability of the critical infrastructure depends on its levels of sensitivity and exposure to the specific climate hazards in the given geographical region. The approach is consisted from seven steps. For each of the variables related to the vulnerability, four levels are defined (Low, Middle, High, Very high). The usefulness and peculiarities of the proposed approach for analysis of critical infrastructure vulnerability to climate hazards are demonstrated with several examples. The results obtained with the proposed approach for vulnerability analysis can successfully help the stakeholders to make informed decisions about the choice of targeted measures to adapt critical infrastructure to climate change.
Sustainable product development of biomass briquette from Samanea saman leaf waste with rejected papaya as the binding agent in Indonesia
Authors: Hilario Yusuf , Sahputra Iwan Halim , Tanoto Yusak , Jeremy Gotama Gabriel , Billy Alexander , Anggono Willyanto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The depletion of solid fuels in the world triggers the requirement for the existence of an alternative fuel product as a substitute. In several studies, briquettes have become one of the alternatives used to deal with this problem. However, the selection of briquette material that considers its impact on economic, social, and environmental aspects has not been widely carried out. To solve this problem, the selection of raw materials for briquettes must be determined using the concept of sustainable product development (SPD). SPD is a concept that can be used to determine a new product by considering various aspects, including economic, environmental, and social aspects. Briquette fuel that is derived from leaf waste and rejected fruit as a binding agent can be an alternative to renewable solid fuels since the raw materials come from wastes that have no selling value. The methodology used in this research is by conducting a survey at five markets in Surabaya and proceeding with interviews with the local government official. Pugh Matrix Concept Selection (PMCS) method is used to determine the suitable raw materials and to analyze the sustainability of the product development. Through PMCS, the results show that the best material for briquette production based on economic, social, and environmental aspects is a mixture of Samanea saman leaf waste with a 12.83 rating value and rejected papaya as the binding agent with a 10.44 rating value. Briquette with a mixture of 95% Samanea saman leaf waste and 5% rejected papaya is produced with a mesh size of 60 or 250 μm and a compression pressure of 2 MPa and is identified to have a heating value of 4025.87 Kcal/Kg.
Predicting sunlight availability for vertical shelves using simulation
Authors: Man Ar , Chaichana Chatchawan , Wicharuck Suwimon , Rinchumphu Damrongsak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Vertical farming (VF) allows for a higher number of plants to be grown in a limited land area, maximizing agricultural land use. VF employs multiple vertical shelves. Each shelf consists of several levels. This paper aims to develop a computer simulation model. The computer model could predict the sunlight availability received at each level of the shelves. The model was developed using RHINO (RHINOCEROS) software with Grasshopper plug-in. The VF shelf was constructed for the experiment in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The experiment data is used to validate the computer model. The validated computer simulation model is then used to predict the daily averaged Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) received by each level of vertical shelves. Year-round daily averaged PPFD provides insights into the seasonal variations of sunlight availability. For the VF shelf constructed for experiment in Chiang Mai, it was found that the top level of the shelf would receive a yearly average of 1275.17 PPFD. The middle and bottom would receive 781.29 and 617.67 PPFD, respectively. The month with the lowest amount of sunlight is in January. This computer simulation model will help predict solar radiation received by each vertical farming shelf. The farmers could identify suitable shelf designs to provide enough PPFD for specific crops to be grown.