bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-intensity interval training in people with mild multiple sclerosis: a mixed-methods feasibility study
Authors: Humphreys Liam , Carter Anouska , Sharrack Basil , Copeland Robert 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims High-intensity interval training has received increased attention as a mode of exercise, including as a therapy in clinical populations. This study investigated the acceptability of a high-intensity interval training intervention in people with mild multiple sclerosis. Methods Participants attended two sessions a week for the 6-week intervention. Each session consisted of 6–10 sets of 60-second high-intensity intervals interspersed with 120 seconds of recovery. The acceptability, intervention adherence and safety of the high-intensity interval training protocol and estimates of treatment effects (fitness, physical activity levels, fatigue and quality of life) were used to determine intervention feasibility. Qualitative interviews were used to explore the acceptability of the intervention. Results A total of 11 people with mild multiple sclerosis consented to participate in a 6-week high-intensity interval intervention. One participant dropped out of the intervention. The participants expressed apprehension before the intervention but attendance at the exercise sessions was high (87%). Participants experienced some symptom exacerbation following sessions, although none were serious. Improvements were seen in fitness, physical activity, fatigue and health-related quality of life. Conclusions The study findings suggest that high-intensity interval training is acceptable, safe and may offer disease-related benefits for the participants. Participants did experience some symptom exacerbation and further studies are needed to determine the long-term appeal of high-intensity interval training for people with mild multiple sclerosis.
Ultrafast soliton delivered by miniaturized mode-locker with MoTe2 and core-expanded fiber
Authors: Han X. , Yue J. , Hu X. , Feng L. , Yan X. , Zhang Y. 
Published: June 2022

Thermally expanded core (TEC) technology is an effective method of high-power fiber lasers. Miniaturization is also a major challenge for high-power lasers. We have proposed a miniaturized mode-locker based on TEC fiber and

M
o
T

e

2

-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. The proposed mode-locker is consisting of two TEC ferrules, a piece of

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T

e

2

-PVA film and a ceramic sleeve. The length of the proposed device is about 20 mm, and its outer diameter is about 2 mm. The relations between heating time, heating temperature, and mode field diameter (MFD) have been numerically simulated. The bending loss with respect to MFD has also been analyzed. The simulation results have revealed the trade-off relation between maximal tolerable intensity and low cavity loss, which means that there is an optimal MFD corresponding to optimal heating time and heating temperature. The proposed mode-locker has been applied in an integrated fiber laser, which has emitted ultrafast soliton with 3 times intensity larger than that of conventional sandwiched-type saturable absorber. The proposed mode-locker and fiber laser will find important applications in laser processing, laser ranging, and optical communication.
Artificial intelligence-designed single molar dental prostheses: A protocol of prospective experimental study
Authors: Chau Reinhard Chun Wang , Chong Ming , Thu Khaing Myat , Chu Nate Sing Po , Koohi-Moghadam Mohamad , Hsung Richard Tai-Chiu , McGrath Colman , Lam Walter Yu Hang 
Published: June 2022

Background
Dental prostheses, which aim to replace missing teeth and to restore patients’ appearance and oral functions, should be biomimetic and thus adopt the occlusal morphology and three-dimensional (3D) position of healthy natural teeth. Since the teeth of an individual subject are controlled by the same set of genes (genotype) and are exposed to mostly identical oral environment (phenotype), the occlusal morphology and 3D position of teeth of an individual patient are inter-related. It is hypothesized that artificial intelligence (AI) can automate the design of single-tooth dental prostheses after learning the features of the remaining dentition.

Materials and methods
This article describes the protocol of a prospective experimental study, which aims to train and to validate the AI system for design of single molar dental prostheses. Maxillary and mandibular dentate teeth models will be collected and digitized from at least 250 volunteers. The (original) digitized maxillary teeth models will be duplicated and processed by removal of right maxillary first molars (FDI tooth 16). Teeth models will be randomly divided into training and validation sets. At least 200 training sets of the original and the processed digitalized teeth models will be input into 3D Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for training. Among the validation sets, tooth 16 will be generated by AI on 50 processed models and the morphology and 3D position of AI-generated tooth will be compared to that of the natural tooth in the original maxillary teeth model. The use of different GAN algorithms and the need of antagonist mandibular teeth model will be investigated. Results will be reported following the CONSORT-AI.
Tibiofemoral contact force differences between flat flexible and stable supportive walking shoes in people with varus-malaligned medial knee osteoarthritis: A randomized cross-over study
Authors: Starkey Scott , Hinman Rana , Paterson Kade , Saxby David , Knox Gabrielle , Hall Michelle 
Published: June 2022

Objective
To compare the effect of stable supportive to flat flexible walking shoes on medial tibiofemoral contact force (MTCF) in people with medial knee osteoarthritis and varus malalignment.

Design
This was a randomized cross-over study. Twenty-eight participants aged ≥50 years with medial knee osteoarthritis and varus malalignment were recruited from the community. Three-dimensional full-body motion, ground reaction forces and surface electromyograms from twelve lower-limb muscles were acquired during six speed-matched walking trials for flat flexible and stable supportive shoes, tested in random order. An electromyogram-informed neuromusculoskeletal model with subject-specific geometry estimated bodyweight (BW) normalized MTCF. Waveforms were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping with a repeated measures analysis of variance model. Peak MTCF, MTCF impulse and MTCF loading rates (discrete outcomes) were evaluated using a repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance model.

Results
Statistical parametric mapping showed lower MTCF in stable supportive compared to flat flexible shoes during 5–18% of stance phase (p = 0.001). For the discrete outcomes, peak MTCF and MTCF impulse were not different between the shoe styles. However, mean differences [95%CI] in loading impulse (-0.02 BW·s [-0.02, 0.01], p<0.001), mean loading rate (-1.42 BW·s-1 [-2.39, -0.45], p = 0.01) and max loading rate (-3.26 BW·s-1 [-5.94, -0.59], p = 0.02) indicated lower measure of loading in stable supportive shoes compared to flexible shoes.

Conclusions
Stable supportive shoes reduced MTCF during loading stance and reduced loading impulse/rates compared to flat flexible shoes and therefore may be more suitable in people with medial knee osteoarthritis and varus malalignment.

Trial registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (12619000622101).
A scoping review of randomized trials assessing the impact of n-of-1 trials on clinical outcomes
Authors: Samuel Joyce P. , Wootton Susan H. , Holder Travis , Molony Donald 
Published: June 2022

Background
The single patient (n-of-1) trial can be used to resolve therapeutic uncertainty for the individual patient. Treatment alternatives are systematically tested against each other, generating patient-specific data used to inform an individualized treatment plan. We hypothesize that clinical decisions informed by n-of-1 trials improve patient outcomes compared to usual care. Our objective was to provide an overview of the clinical trial evidence on the effect of n-of-1 trials on clinical outcomes.

Methods
A systematic search of medical databases, trial registries, and gray literature was performed to identify trials assessing clinical outcomes in a group of patients undergoing an n-of-1 trial compared to those receiving usual care for any clinical condition. We abstracted elements related to study design and results and assessed risk of bias for both the overall randomized trials and the n-of-1 trials. The review was registered on PROSPERO. (CRD: 42020166490).

Findings
Twelve randomized trials of the n-of-1 approach were identified in conditions spanning chronic pain, osteoarthritis, chronic irreversible airflow limitation, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, statin intolerance, and hypertension. One trial showed a statistically significant benefit in the primary outcome. Only one reached the pre-specified sample size target. Secondary outcomes showed modest benefits, including decreasing medication use, fewer atrial fibrillation episodes, and improved patient satisfaction.

Interpretation
Very few trials have been undertaken to assess the effectiveness of n-of-1 trials in improving clinical outcomes, and most trials were underpowered for the primary outcome. Barriers to enrollment and retention in these trials should be explored, as well-powered randomized trials are needed to clarify the clinical impact of n-of-1 trials and assess their utility in clinical practice.
‘Moving to Heal’: A holistic approach to well-being through Nia dance
Authors: Oliver Sue , Small Karen 
Published: June 2022

This narrative account of a Nia dance class describes its origin and application, highlighting the teacher’s experience of giving and receiving in the course of delivering a class and the participant’s perception of its effect on mind and body.Firstly, the authors consider the neurological and physiological aspects of Nia and the link to social and emotional factors which constitute well-being. The teacher then explains how she became involved with Nia and the motivation behind her teaching – what she gives and what, in turn, she feels she gains. She then describes one application of Nia, ‘Moving to Heal’, explaining how it can increase dancers’ awareness of their own bodies and thoughts, and gives them permission to let go of these thoughts, which bind them and inhibit the exploration of movement in a guided and safe manner.Following on from that, one dancer explores her experience of ‘Moving to Heal’. She explains how this holistic practice generates for her, feelings of well-being through physical, mental and spiritual engagement with the movement and music.The article concludes by reflecting on how the practice of Nia links with the theory as it is experienced through ‘Moving to Heal’.
Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab Retreatment in Crohn's Disease: A Multicentre, Prospective, Observational Cohort (REGAIN) Study from the GETAID
Authors: Boschetti Gilles , Nachury Maria , Laharie David , Roblin Xavier , Gilletta Cyrielle , Aubourg Alexandre , Bourreille Arnaud , Zallot Camille , Hebuterne Xavier , Buisson Anthony , Grimaud Jean-Charles , Bouhnik Yoram , Allez Matthieu , Altwegg Romain , Viennot Stéphanie , Vuitton Lucine , Carbonnel Franck , Paul Stéphane , Desseaux Kristell , Lambert Jérome , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The objective of this study was to describe the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) reintroduction in Crohn's disease (CD) after stopping for loss of response or intolerance.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective multicenter observational cohort study including adult patients with clinically (CD Activity Index >150) and objectively active luminal CD in whom IFX was reintroduced after at least 6 months of discontinuation. The reasons for the initial discontinuation could be a secondary loss of response or IFX intolerance. The reintroduction schedule included 3 IFX infusions at weeks 0, 4, and 8, after a systematic premedication. The primary end point was the efficacy of IFX retreatment at week 26 defined by a CD Activity Index of <150 in the absence of IFX discontinuation or use of corticosteroids, surgery, or other biologic.

RESULTS:
At week 26, 24 patients (35%) among the 69 analyzed reached the primary end point. No significant difference was observed between rates of clinical remission at week 26 in patients with prior LOR (n = 48) and those with IFX intolerance (n = 21) (35% and 33%, P = 0.87, respectively). Thirty-two acute infusion reactions were recorded in 27 patients, leading to withdrawal of IFX in 20 patients. No pharmacokinetic characteristic at baseline but detection of positive anti-drug antibodies at week 4 was predictive of IFX failure or infusion reaction at week 26.

DISCUSSION:
In this first prospective cohort study, IFX retreatment was safe and effective in one-third of the patients with CD, regardless the reason of prior discontinuation. Early detection of anti-drug antibodies can predict subsequent IFX reintroduction failure and infusion reactions.
Endometriosis at all ages: diagnostic ultrasound
Authors: Bäumler Marcel , Heiss Niko , Druckmann Rene 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynecological disease affecting about 10% of the female population. The multifactorial hormonal, inflammatory, genetic, mental and behavior pathogenesis can result in chronic pelvic pain, blooding disorders and infertility causing disruption of quality of life. Correct diagnosis of the extension and topography is substantial in defining the adequate therapeutic strategy. In an increasing proportion of the cases, endometriosis is being managed medically and para-medically; diagnostic or therapeutic surgery can often be avoided or delayed. Transvaginal sonography is considered being the first-line imaging method in the diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis. The paradigm shift from the belief that endometriosis only affects women of reproductive age has drawn attention to endometriosis in both premenarchal and postmenopausal patients. This review resumes the actually recommended ultrasound signs in the case of patients in menstrual age. Specific diagnostic approaches in adolescent and menopausal patients are highlighted.
Punishment in Tort: The Context of Ideas in Rookes v. Barnard
Authors: Sinanis Nicholas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Modern corrective justice theorists of tort law remain critical of the Anglo-American common law doctrine that allows a plaintiff to be awarded damages beyond compensation, and for the distinct purpose of punishing a defendant in a civil tort action. From the corrective justice standpoint, punishment is an illegitimate remedial purpose of the law of tort. So much so, that the historical doctrine of civil damages that continues to allow for it – exemplary (or punitive) damages – should be totally abolished. This article revisits a historical tort case that modern corrective justice tort theorists have praised for very nearly abolishing the exemplary damages doctrine in one leading common law jurisdiction: it critically explores the 1964 decision of the Appellate Committee of the United Kingdom House of Lords in Rookes v. Barnard. In doing so, it strives to set this theoretically significant reform of the English law of civil tortious recovery more vividly in the historical context in which it was undertaken. It contends that a deeper appreciation of Rookes’ theoretical significance requires taking fuller account of the context of ideas in which Lord Devlin – the Law Lord to whom the House’s decision on damages is ascribed – undertook it.
“Tales from the Trail”: Oratory and Affect among Alaska Dog Mushers
Authors: Shoaps Robin A. , Plattet Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper draws from linguistic anthropological and ethnographic fieldwork to illustrate the role of award ceremonies in maintaining and creating affective orientations toward rivalry among Alaska dog mushers. It focuses on award speeches given by dog mushers and others involved in the Alaska dog mushing community and reveals a “need for narrative” that has characterized sled dog racing since its origin as an (inter)national sport. Mushing “stories” are constitutive of public talk about wins and losses in the sport, as well as about race events that take place far from view on distant trails. Specifically, “accounts,” a humorous narrative genre that pivots upon unpredictable “instinct-driven” characteristics of canine athletes, serve as an important idiom for evoking chance in describing wins and losses. The performance and appreciation of these narratives constitute the intangible heritage of Alaska dog mushers, and accounts emerge as a semiotic resource for negotiating and downplaying rivalry through orchestration of embodied intersubjective sentiments, i.e. affect.
Tellurium-induced functional group activation
Authors: Ray Devalina , Das Aparna , Mazumdar Suman , Banik Bimal K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Tellurium-chemistry comprises of vibrant and innovative prospects in major area of research and development. The function of Tellurium in organic synthesis remained underexplored till date. Moreover, the reactivity of Tellurium as Lewis acid or electrophilic reagents to activate functional group conceptually remains as an ever-demanding area to be investigated extensively. In this context, the present compilation portrays a detailed study on the reactivity of organotellurium compounds as catalyst, reagent, and sensors to explore the reactions occurring specifically through functional group activation.
Control of the single-order harmonic generation by changing the laser parameters of two-color pulse
Authors: Liu Hang , Feng Liqiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We theoretically investigate the control of the single-order harmonic generation by changing the laser parameters of two-color pulse. Four important results have been found. For instance, (1) as the controlling chirp changes from the down-chirp to the up-chirp, the generation of the single-order harmonic can move to the lower harmonic order. (2) As the main pulse duration increases, the larger order single harmonic can be found. While, as the controlling pulse duration increases, the multi-orders harmonic enhancements can be found instead of the single-order harmonic enhancement. (3) As the main laser intensity increases, the larger order single harmonic can be obtained. While, as the controlling laser intensity increases, the multi-orders harmonic enhancements are obtained. (4) With the increase of the wavelength of the main pulse, the lower order single harmonic can be found. While, as the controlling laser wavelength increases, the single-order harmonic is disappeared. Finally, through analyzing the harmonic emission process, the reasonable explanation of the single-order harmonic control is given.
Effect of Taurine Supplement on Aerobic and Anaerobic Outcomes: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Buzdağlı Yusuf , Eyipınar Cemre Didem , Tekin Aslıhan , Şıktar Erdinç , Zydecka Karolina Skonieczna 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Taurine is a well-known free amino acid that has gained prominence in recent years despite its little or no role in protein formation. Few studies on the ergogenic effect of taurine exist with inconsistent results. The answer to the question of whether performance markers demonstrate the benefit of taurine remains unclear. This study aimed to reach a consensus about whether taurine supplementation is effective on aerobic (time to exhaustion [TTE], maximal oxygen uptake [V̇o
2max], and rating of perceived exertion) and anaerobic (power outputs, fatigue index, jumping, and blood lactate level) performance outputs. Google Scholar, PubMed databases, clinical trial websites, and gray literature were reviewed until November 2021. Mean differences (MDs) were pooled using random or fixed-effects models according to the heterogeneity degree of the related output. Although 18 studies were detected for the meta-analysis between 2001 and 2021, 16 studies were grouped. Only randomized controlled trials (single or double-blind) were considered. Taurine supplementation had a significant effect on vertical (MD = 3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.32 to 4.89], p < 0.00001) and countermovement (MD = 8.50; 95% CI [4.78 to 12.22], p < 0.00001) jump performance when compared with a placebo group. Taurine supplementation had no significant effect on the V̇o
2max level and rate of perceived exertion (respectively, MD = −0.54 mL/kg/min; 95% CI [−6.84 to 5.75], p = 0.87; MD = −0.24; 95% CI [−0.74 to 0.27], p = 0.35) when compared with a placebo group. Overall, it looks to be effective for jumping performance and TTE. Taurine supplementation may be useful for people who want to improve these performance outputs.
Pengembangan Media dan Bahan Ajar Interaktif â€œScan Itâ€ Berbasis Geogebra
Authors: Apriliani Laely Rohmatin , Irham Muhammad , Darojat Latifah 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan media dan bahan ajar interaktif â€œScan Itâ€ berbasis Geogebra. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMK. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga kelas Â yaitu untuk uji coba, eksperimen, dan kontrol. Desain penelitian ini adalah Desain penelitian Nonrandomized Control Group, Pretest-Postest Desain. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah media dan bahan ajar interaktif â€œScan Itâ€ berbasis geogebra valid, praktis, dan efektif. Peserta didik yang menunjukkan respon positif adalah sebanyak 96%. Sebanyak 58,3% peserta didik mengalami peningkatan kemampuan keruangan sedang dan 33,3% peserta didik mengalami peningkatan kemampuan keruangan tinggi.The research aims was to describe the process of developing media and interactive teaching materials "Scan It" based on Geogebra. This research was a development research. The development model used is the ADDIE development model. The subjects of this study were students of class XI SMK. This study used three classes, namely for trials, experiments, and controls. The research design was a nonrandomized control group research design, pretest-posttest design. The results of this research were media and interactive teaching materials "Scan It" based on geogebra, which were valid, practical, and effective. Students who showed a positive response were 96%. As many as 58.3% of students experienced an increase in moderate spatial abilities and 33.3% of students experienced an increase in high spatial abilities.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary Study of [Co(2- aminopyridine)2(NCS)2] or bis(2-aminopyridine)dithiocyanato cobalt(II) as An Antibacterial
Authors: Munadhiroh Asmi , Wijaya Husni Wahyu , Farida Nani , Golhen Stéphane , Dasna I Wayan 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to synthesize complex compounds from the Co(II) ion with mixed ligands of 2-aminopyridine and thiocyanate ions. The complexes obtained have Co(II) : 2-aminopyridine: thiocyanate ratio of 1:2:2 based on preliminary analysis by SEM-EDX, DHL, and FTIR. The complex in the form of a blue needle crystal is stable at room temperature and melts at 169 °C. Characterization shows that the complex formed is neutral. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion method and show that the resulting complex compounds could inhibit the growth of S. typhi and S. aureus bacteria better than 2-aminopyridine.