bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of cellular structures in thermoplastic polyurethane matrix using carbonaceous nanofillers
Authors: Nair Adwaita SR , Mandal Subhash , Roy Debmalya , EswaraPrasad N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we have synthesized, graphene oxide (GO) by using modified Hummer’s method and reduced graphene oxide(rGO) by using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent. Since GO and rGO have high surface area and modification of surface is easier, they produce drastic changes in the matrix properties at a very low loading volume. Oxygen functionalities further allow increased interaction with polar polymer composites. Modified hummers method is the most commonly and widely used method of chemical reduction to synthesis graphene oxide as it is rapid and safe. Unlike other method, it is less hazardous and requires less reaction time. Sulfuric acid was used to disperse graphite and NaNO3 and KMNO4 as oxidizing agent. The use of KMNO4 instead of KClO3 reduced the chances of ClO2 explosion and also accelerated the reaction. Characterization of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide was done using XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and TGA. The synthesized GO and rGO were used as nanofillers for the synthesis of polyurethane nanocomposite. Thermoplastic polyurethane is biodegradable and thus polyurethane nanocomposites have wide application. PU nanocomposites were prepared using thermo-chemical solvent mixing method and their microstructures were investigated using various characterization techniques.
Effect of annealing on the structural and optical properties of pristine and cerium doped calcium tungstate nanoparticles synthesized via hydrothermal method
Authors: Nagarajan C , Monesh Kumar S , Annie Sujatha R , Mani Rahulan K. , Little Flower Angeline 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The work is an investigation of the effect of annealing temperature on pristine and rare earth doped CaWO4 nanoparticles with hydrothermal route. The sample was annealed at two varied temperatures 800 ºC and 1200 ºC for 5 h. The structural analysis reveals the reduction in the broadening of the peaks as a result of annealing. Surface morphology shows the formation of agglomerated structures. In Ce3+:CaWO4 nanoparticles the morphology is modified to dumbbell like and flake like structures after annealing. Raman shift observed at 909 cm−1 Ag modes confirms the presence of CaWO4 nanoparticles with its own rotational and vibrationalmodes. Increase in the absorption peak intensity and a double absorption edge appears as an intermediate energy level state after the inclusion of Ce3+ ion as dopant.
Synthesis,growth, spectral, optical and thermal studies of phthalate strontium nitrate hydrochloric acid (PASNHCL) single crystal
Authors: Surya S , Dheenadhayalan S , Surya L , Ramesh V , Gunasekaran B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In present investigation, the nonlinear optical single crystal of phthalic acid strontium nitrate hydrochloric acid (PASNHCL) was grown by the solution evaporation method from a mixture of an aqueous solution at room temperature. The grown PASNHCL crystals crystalline nature, cell parameters, functional groups, and elemental compositions were characterized by PXRD, UV-Vis-NIR, FTIR, FT-Raman, EDX, and Thermal analysis.The PXRD analysis shows the PASNHCL crystal has good crystalline nature. Single crystal XRD confirmed that the grown crystal belonged to the orthorhombic system with space group of P222with alattice parameters a = 6.785 Å, b = 7.420 Å, c = 11.637 Åand volume 585.86 Å3. UV-Vis-NIR spectrum study reveals that the lower cut off wavelength was found to be 333 nm and the crystal has good optical transparency. The presence of functional groups was identified by FTIR spectrum. The Thermogravimetric analysis curves confirms melting point of the grown PASNHCL is 233.17 C. Itis interesting to note that PASNHCL [Sr+(C8H7N2O10)Cl−] single crystal has a greatly resourceful second harmonic generation (SHG) material for Optoelectronics applications.
STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE NICKEL OXIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY HYDROTHERMAL AND SOL-GEL METHODS
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Ajaijawahar , Nivin T S , Karthikeyan B , Periyasamy Gokuladeepan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present work focuses on the comparison of the structural, optical and electrical properties nickel oxide thin films synthesized by hydrothermal and sol-gel methods and their characterizations. The films obtained from both methods are having a cubic crystal lattice. The morphological studies have shown that the films are having a uniform coverage with nanocrystalline grains. The NiO film obtained through the sol-gel method possess an optical band gap of 2.86 eV and its electrical resistance tends to decrease from 2.64GΩ to 11MΩ with an increase in temperature (RT to 150°C). The hydrothermally obtained film has an optical band gap of 3.14 eV and its electrical resistance change from 6.83GΩ to 3.86GΩ with an increase in temperature.
Synthesis and characterization ZnO nanoparticles using sol-gel method and their antibacterial study
Authors: Vignesh K , Nair Anju S , Udhayakeerthana C. , Kalaivani T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method. Zinc is one of the most important elements in living organisms and similarly zinc derived compounds have attracted much attention because of their applications in various fields like agricultural, medicinal, industrial, etc. These nanoparticles have piezoelectric, semiconducting, photocatalytic activities, and very high surface area. Also, they possess the unique property of being biodegradable and biocompatible. To synthesize the pure ZnO nanoparticles, zinc nitrate hexahydrate [Zn(NO3)2.6H20] is used as the precursor. Sol-gel can be done either in an aqueous or non-aqueous medium. But in this work, the ZnO nanoparticles are prepared in the aqueous medium (i.e in water) at room temperature. The prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles are characterized using X-ray diffraction to determine their crystallinity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to study the morphology of the sample.
TREMOR CLASSIFICATION USING WEARABLE IOT BASED SENSORS
Authors: Brindha A. , Sunitha K.A. , Robert Wilson S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tremors, a significant symptom of movement disorder, affects a part of the body ranging from slight to severe. These Tremors are symptoms of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Essential tremors (ET), Physiological tremors (PT), Cerebellar tremor, Dystonic tremor, Psychogenic tremor, and many more. Tremor features and types differ for various neurological disorders. During the early stages of the disease, clinical examination of tremors plays a significant role in diagnose management. This work aims to develop a wearable assistive system with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor to classify the tremor of three different neurological disorders based on the tremor position and frequency. This research has been carried out in SRM Medical college and Research Centre with 15 patients. The type of neurodegenerative disease of the subject with tremor is evaluated based on the tremor position and tremor frequency level. The data is collected, transmitted, and processed using the IMU sensor with Internet of things (IoT) and Node MCU board. The decision tree algorithm is used for the classification of tremors. ET, PD, and PT tremors are classified based on the tremor frequency and tremor position. A high rate of accuracy is achieved for the developed system when compared with the Neurologist results. The proposed device quantitatively classified the tremor based on the frequency and position among the three different neurological disorders, i.e., ET, PD, and PT tremors.
Design and Fabrication of Knee Implant
Authors: Pradhan S.K. , Mishra Abhinav , Mishra Manoranjan , Kedia Vedant , Kumar Satyam , Kour P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stiffness, pain and impaired movement at various joints of the body are common with ageing and increase of obesity. The musculoskeletal chronic disorder causes such effect is named as rheumatoid osteoarthritis(OAs). Data shows that disease-Adjusted life years (DALYs) due to musculoskeletal disorder increases from 11.8% in 2000 to 13.5% in 2015.According to United Nations, by 2050, 20% of the world population will grow aged above 60 years of which 15% will account for symptomatic OAs, one-third will be severely disabled. Knee implants have been designed to replace the damaged part. Various designs and fabrications have been done to reduce its weight, flexibility and biocompatibility needs. This article is to highlight the use of new material or impart nanoparticle mixing with conventional ones for the design of knee implants so that it can be cost effective, light weight, to meet required balance strength, flexible and non-inflammatory. Hence, knee implant’s computational and analytical design for different material is done to compare different parameters.
Graphene Oxide based Gas Sensor for Triethylamine Detection at Room Temperature
Authors: Abbas Haidar , Marappan Gobinath , Chidabaram, David , Govindasamy Shiva , Jayaraman Surya Velappa , Sivalingam Yuvaraj 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have developed a graphene oxide (GO) based sensor to detect triethylamine at room temperature. GO is synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and spin-coated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. Structural and morphological characterizations of GO are done by XRD and FE-SEM. Sheet-like morphology of GO is observed in FESEM images. The existence of defects is confirmed by Raman spectra with a ID/IG ratio ∼ 0.94. Gas adsorption studies are carried out using scanning Kelvin probe system with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like ethanol, acetone, n-hexane and triethylamine. Among them, GO shows more contact potential difference (CPD) response towards triethylamine. Then, a gas sensor device is fabricated using GO and its electrical characterization is done by I-V measurements. The device shows ohmic behavior with a resistance of ∼ 50 MΩ. Thereafter, the sensor is exposed to triethylamine from 19 to 151 ppm and the sensitivity is 1.39 x 10−4 ppm−1. Interestingly, a fast response time of 11 sec is achieved at room temperature.
Disparate result of Adsorptive removal of Fluoride using Manganese oxide-coated Nano y-alumina oxide used with a different ratio.
Authors: Choudhary Diksha , Tanwar Deepika , Gupta Dinesh , Singh Pradeep , Raizada Pankaj , Singh Archana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
On exposure of the human body to drinking water containing fluoride in concentrations more than the permissible limit is very harmful to the human body. The discharge of mineral sediments and industrial effluent contaminants containing fluoride in groundwater may cause severe health problems like arthritis, skeletal fluorosis, and so on. Fluoride is beneficial in drinking water at a level up to 0.5 mg/l but is harmful above 1.5 mg/l. Herein, we report a novel nano alumina-supported manganese oxide as an efficient adsorbent that can remove fluoride up to 90% from water. The nano adsorbent was obtained by a precipitation method that was characterized using XRD, FESEM, and BET. XRD and BET results confirmed the formation of manganese oxide- Al2O3 composite with a surface area of 128 m2/g. Batch adsorption studies revealed 36 mg/g fluoride adsorption capacity for the developed composite nano adsorbent.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Power Generation Using Buck –Boost Converter
Authors: Jame Lourdu , Retna Kumar Joselin , Perumal Suresh , Jeyashree  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Energy generated in the vehicles depend on the engine and the fuel intake. But usually two thirds of the fuel added to the vehicle, which is, car, trucks bus etc. gets wasted as heat. The energy wasted as heat from areas like engine block, radiator, exhaust pipe engine coolant side and so on. So, to recover the waste heat as usable electrical energy back to the vehicle, Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) can be effectively utilized and its output power could be enhanced by connecting with buck boost converter. Here TEG with coupled inductor is used which produces smooth output with less ripples. TEG is placed in the engine exhaust of the vehicle and the output is connected with buck boost with coupled inductor converter so as to enhance the output voltage. Simulation using Comsol of single stage TEG without Buckboost converter produces an output of 6V.Interestingly TEG with Hotside temperature of 500K and coldside temperature of 300K with 127 legs is connected with buck boost converter with coupled inductor produces the output of 12 V and 0.65 mA is obtained to drive PIR sensor. Moreover in this paper Modified Maximum power point tracker (MPPT) algorithm is proposed to further improve the energy harvesting.
First Order Hyper polarizability and Intramolecular Charge Transfer of N-Ethyl-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-(4-Nitrophenylazo) Aniline for Photonic Applications
Authors: Raaghul B. , Kannan M.R. , Vijayakumar T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a computational methodology for estimating the first order hyperpolarizability ((3) of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(4-nitrophenylazo) aniline, a nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore being used as anazobenzene dye. The planar and non-planar structures of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(4-nitrophenylazo) aniline were optimized by B3LYP/6-311++G (D,P) basis set using GAUSSIAN’09W program package. The dipole moment, static polarizability, first order hyperpolarizability were studied using HF/6-31G (D) basis set. The (3 value of the planar and non-planar structure of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(4-nitrophenylazo) aniline is 196 and 124 times higher than that of urea standard, respectively, which qualify both of the novel molecular systems as highly efficient for second order NLO applications and adds evidence to the importance of derealization of ^-electrons in a system for effective second order NLO processes. Experiments were also performed using an Nd-YAG laser of pulses in the range of 5-10 nanoseconds with a tunable peak power of 4.7 W.
Bandgap Engineering of TiO2 as Visible light Photocatalyst with Pd Doping Using First Principles
Authors: Angeline Dorothy A. , Panigrahi Puspamitra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Doping of Anatase TiO2 is a successful method to facilitate its photocatalytic activity to shift to the visible region. While noble metals in general can effectively slow down carrier recombination, the study of Pd doping in anatase TiO2 can unravel its potential as a visible light photocatalyst. Our first principles study indicate that the electronic structure is altered by the Pd 3d orbitals and bandgap narrowing is successively increased as dopant concentration of Pd is increased from 4.17% to 8.33% to 12.5%.Charge density plots of the doped systems indicate an electron cloud over the Pd- O bond which is now more covalent. In the visible region, absorption coefficient of Pd doped TiO2 supercell is around 1.2 x 10−5cm−1 which is comparatively greater than that of pure TiO2 confirming its utility as a versatile and viable visible light photocatalyst.
ONE POT POLYOL SYNTHESIS OF Fe2O3-Fe3O4 NANO COMPOSITES AND THEIR STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL, PROPERTY STUDIES
Authors: Jeyavenkatesh M. , Arunodaya J. , Sahoo Trilochan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The magnetic iron oxides are classified into three phases known as Magnetite (Fe3O4), Magnetite (-Fe2O3), Hematite (-Fe2O3).The ferric oxide synthesis with the excess of the ferrous oxide nanoparticles was carried out by the co-precipitation method. The precursors Ferric sulphate hydrate and Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate taken in the molar ratio of 1:2 in 100 ml of water and 30 ml of Hydrochloric acid added to initiate precipitation at 90 OC with vigorous stirring the ammonia solution was added. The prepared materials are characterized by XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The XRD showed formation of phase and crystallization of the nanomaterial is prepared. The UV-Vis spectroscopy used to determine the reflectance and absorptance as well as the optical bandgap of the nanomaterial, in the range of 800 nm to 200 nm. The analysis indicated formation of ferrous oxide impregnated ferric oxide nanoparticles with desired optical band gap.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AA2024 INTERACTION REINFORCED WITH CARBON NANOTUBES AND SILICON NANOCOMPOSITES STUDIED BY FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Muniyappan M. , Iyandurai N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
AA2024 is used in applications where a high strength to weight ratio is required. In the present work, Infrared spectroscopy had been used to expand our knowledge about AA2024-carbon nanotubes-silicon interactions at various proportions. The analysis of Infrared data supported the subsistence of structural specificities in the interaction. From the observed results, the effect of CNTs and silicon on AA2024 is clearly explained. For example, the infrared band observed at 619 cm−1 is assigned to the Al-O-Si stretching of AA2024. This band is shifted to 612 cm−1 when 4% CNTs is added and 617 cm−1 when 4% silicon is added with AA2024, which shows strong interaction is present. The FTIR ban observed at 771 cm−1 is assigned to silicon-carbon stretching mode, which is shifted to 775 cm−1. This suggests that sturdy interaction is present.
SCAPS simulated FASnI3 and MASnI3 based PSC solar cells: A comparison of device performance
Authors: Vishnuwaran M. , Ramachandran K. , Roy Priyanka , khare Ayush 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we have designed simulated, compare, and analyzed the high efficiency of FASnI3 and MASnI3 based PSC solar cell. In recent times, organic and inorganic Perovskite-based solar cells are turning to be hopeful devices due to their unique proprieties in the PV field. In our present work, we were concentrating several studies on Perovskite solar cell-based FASnI3 and MASnI3 Perovskite layer. Most of the Perovskite solar cell is made by Pb material for getting the high efficiency. However, the factor of toxicity and stability of the Pb-constructed devices is the main challenge to progress in commercial manufacture. In this study, numerical modeling of PSC used the alternative materials which are Sn-based Perovskite solar cells. In this work, we investigated tin-based perovskite solar cells with different absorber layers and also we investigated using high thickness in ETL and HTL what are change could be happen these are the things also we discussed in this paper. If we increase the thickness of the ETL and HTL the efficiency also increased we got some good results on it. Here we report simulation of lead-free Tin based PSC processed on FASnI3 and MASnI3 two different Perovskite layers. In our present work, we using 1D-SCAPS for numerical analysis.
Improvement in property of waste brick admixtured cement cured with different water conditions
Authors: Gopalakrishnan R. , Geetha A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this report is to study the use of waste brick as an additive for Portland cement, in which 5, 10, 15 and 20% (by weight) of Portland cement is substituted by waste brick. The specimens are subsequently hardened for a period of 7, 28, 90 and 180 days under curing with the condition of distilled water, groundwater and seawater. The waste brick additives prompt the initial hydration of Portland cement and promote the hydration reaction. In the next stage of hardening (after 28, 90 and 180 days of hydration), waste brick supplement (up to 20 wt.%) enhances the compressive strength of the specimens, illustrating this effect as the development of calcium silicate hydrates. It is to be mentioned that waste brick activates the hydric properties of Portland cement. In the initial stages, additional seawater promotes cement hydration and, in the later stage, retards the same.
Numerical hybrid thermal MRT-LBM for condensation and boiling phenomena on horizontal walls of different wettability
Authors: Channouf Salaheddine , Jami Mohammed , Mezrhab Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, boiling and condensation phenomena are described on walls with mixed wettability using a hybrid thermal model with multiple relaxation times of the Boltzmann lattice type. We start this study by validating our code. To do so, different simulations are performed namely the spreading of a liquid droplet on an adjustable wettability surface by varying its density, the surface tension for different temperatures around the critical point using Laplace’s law which is used to compute the characteristic parameters (Taylor wavelength

λ
d

, characteristic length

l
0

and characteristic time

t
0

), the evaporation of a liquid droplet is evaluated in compraison with the literature work for constant thermal conductivity values. Subsequently, the power law is verified by processing the growth of a liquid droplet for three different cases of wettability. On the other hand, we study the behavior of condensation and boiling processes and their interactions between the boundaries of the solid surface in which they occur. For this purpose, the cavity walls are considered wetting in some areas and non-wetting in others. The results show different behaviors depending on the zones of the walls.
Simulating quantum circuits with ZX-calculus reduced stabiliser decompositions
Authors: Kissinger Aleks , van de Wetering John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We introduce an enhanced technique for strong classical simulation of quantum circuits which combines the ‘sum-of-stabilisers’ method with an automated simplification strategy based on the ZX-calculus. Recently it was shown that quantum circuits can be classically simulated by expressing the non-stabiliser gates in a circuit as magic state injections and decomposing them in chunks of 2–6 states at a time, obtaining sums of (efficiently-simulable) stabiliser states with many fewer terms than the naive approach. We adapt these techniques from the original setting of Clifford circuits with magic state injection to generic ZX-diagrams and show that, by interleaving this ‘chunked’ decomposition with a ZX-calculus-based simplification strategy, we can obtain stabiliser decompositions that are many orders of magnitude smaller than existing approaches. We illustrate this technique to perform exact norm calculations (and hence strong simulation) on the outputs of random 50- and 100-qubit Clifford + T circuits with up to 70 T-gates as well as a family of hidden shift circuits previously considered by Bravyi and Gosset with over 1000 T-gates.