bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annelid functional genomics reveal the origins of bilaterian life cycles
Authors: Martín-Zamora Francisco M. , Liang Yan , Guynes Kero , Carrillo-Baltodano Allan M. , Davies Billie E. , Donnellan Rory D. , Tan Yongkai , Moggioli Giacomo , Seudre Océane , Tran Martin , Mortimer Kate , Luscombe Nicholas M. , Hejnol Andreas , Marlétaz Ferdinand , Martín-Durán José M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndirect development with an intermediate larva exists in all major animal lineages1, making larvae central to most scenarios of animal evolution2-12. Yet how larvae evolved remains disputed. Here we show that temporal shifts (i.e., heterochronies) in trunk formation underpin the diversification of larvae and bilaterian life cycles. Combining chromosome-scale genome sequencing in the slow-evolving annelidOwenia fusiformis13with transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling during the life cycles of this and two other annelids, we found that trunk development is deferred to pre-metamorphic stages in the feeding larva ofO. fusiformis, but starts after gastrulation in the non-feeding larva with gradual metamorphosis ofCapitella teletaand the direct developing embryo ofDimorphilus gyrociliatus. Accordingly, the embryos ofO. fusiformisdevelop first into an enlarged anterior domain that forms larval tissues and the adult head. Notably, this also occurs in the so-called “head larvae” of other bilaterians14,15, with whomO. fusiformislarva shows extensive transcriptomic similarities. Together, our findings suggest that the temporal decoupling of head and trunk formation, as maximally observed in “head larvae”, allowed larval evolution in Bilateria, thus diverging from prevailing scenarios that propose either co-option10,11or innovation12of gene regulatory programmes to explain larva and adult origins.
Equilibrium dynamics of the pre- and post-cleavage regions of SP1 are separately shifted by the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor Bevirimat
Authors: Xu Chaoyi , Perilla Juan R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assembly and maturation proceeds in two distinct steps. During assembly, viral Gag oligomerizes into a hexagonal polyprotein lattice incorporating the capsid protein (CA) and spacer peptide 1 (SP1) domains, that constitute the immature Gag lattice. During maturation, CTD-SP1 hexamers formed in the previous step are cleaved by HIV-1 protease, causing a dramatic rearrangement of the immature virion to its mature, infectious form. The first-generation maturation inhibitor (MI) bevirimat (BVM) is reported to block the final cleavage between CA and SP1, thus blocking HIV maturation. In contrast, the host factor inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is a co-factor of Gag assembly and facilitates the formation of a quaternary arrangement of SP1 known as the six helix bundle (6HB). Here, starting from a MAS NMR structure and using atomistic free energy calculations, we establish that binding of BVM and IP6 to the immature lattice lacks any cooperativity or avidity. Furthermore, we rationalize the molecular origin of HIV resistance to BVM by determining the role of BVM on the stability of the 6HB and by revealing that SP1 shows independent dynamics for its pre- and post-cleavage regions. Finally, results from our simulations permit us to propose a novel chemical scaffold for the design of maturation inhibitors based on BVM and IP6.
Inhibition of a critical malaria host-pathogen interaction by a computationally designed inhibitor targeting Plasmodium vivax DBP
Authors: Tobin Autumn R , Crow Rachel , Urusova Darya V. , Klima Jason C. , Tolia Niraj H. , Strauch Eva-Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMalaria is a substantial global health burden with 229 million cases in 2019 and 450,000 deaths annually. Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread malaria-causing parasite putting 2.5 billion people at risk of infection. P. vivax has a dormant liver stage and therefore can exist for long periods undetected. Its blood-stage can cause severe reactions and hospitalization. Few treatment and detection options are available for this pathogen. To address this need, we developed nanomolar inhibitor that could serve as a therapeutic and a diagnostic. A unique characteristic of P. vivax is that it depends on the Duffy antigen/Receptor for chemokines (DARC) on the surface of host red blood cells for invasion. P. vivax employs the Duffy binding protein (DBP) to bind to DARC. We first de novo designed a three helical bundle scaffolding database which was screened via protease digestions for stability. Protease-resistant scaffolds highlighted thresholds for stability, which we utilized for selecting DARC mimetics that we subsequentially designed through grafting and redesign of these scaffolds. The optimized design small helical protein disrupts the DBP:DARC interaction. The inhibitor blocks the receptor binding site on DBP and thus forms a strong foundation for a therapeutic that will inhibit reticulocyte infection and prevent the pathogenesis of P. vivax malaria.TeaserDe novo designed proteins present a new alternative for the development of therapeutics. They can be small, highly stable and easily manufactured. Here we designed a potential new therapeutic to inhibit entry of Plasmodium vivax into red blood cells by interfering its interactions of surface displayed DBP molecules with the host receptor DARC.
Ontological model for the acoustic management in a smart environment
Authors: Santiago Gabriela , Aguilar Jose 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The Reflective Middleware for Acoustic Management (ReM-AM), based on the Middleware for Cloud Learning Environments (AmICL), aims to improve the interaction between users and agents in a Smart Environment (SE) using acoustic services, in order to consider the unpredictable situations due to the sounds and vibrations. The middleware allows observing, analyzing, modifying and interacting in every state of a SE from the acoustics. This work details an extension of the ReM-AM using the ontology-driven architecture (ODA) paradigm for acoustic management.

Design/methodology/approach
This work details an extension of the ReM-AM using the ontology-driven architecture (ODA) paradigm for acoustic management. In this paper are defined the different domains of knowledge required for the management of the sounds in SEs, which are modeled using ontologies.

Findings
This work proposes an acoustics and sound ontology, a service-oriented architecture (SOA) ontology, and a data analytics and autonomic computing ontology, which work together. Finally, the paper presents three case studies in the context of smart workplace (SWP), ambient-assisted living (AAL) and Smart Cities (SC).

Research limitations/implications
Future works will be based on the development of algorithms for classification and analysis of sound events, to help with emotion recognition not only from speech but also from random and separate sound events. Also, other works will be about the definition of the implementation requirements, and the definition of the real context modeling requirements to develop a real prototype.

Practical implications
In the case studies is possible to observe the flexibility that the ReM-AM middleware based on the ODA paradigm has by being aware of different contexts and acquire information of each, using this information to adapt itself to the environment and improve it using the autonomic cycles. To achieve this, the middleware integrates the classes and relations in its ontologies naturally in the autonomic cycles.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this work is the description of the ontologies required for future works about acoustic management in SE, considering that what has been studied by other works is the utilization of ontologies for sound event recognition but not have been expanded like knowledge source in an SE middleware. Specifically, this paper presents the theoretical framework of this work composed of the AmICL middleware, ReM-AM middleware and the ODA paradigm.
Exploring the antecedents of employee engagement
Authors: Alam Jasmine , Mendelson Morris , Ibn Boamah Mustapha , Gauthier Mathieu 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between employee engagement and general management, performance management, reward management and transformational leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was distributed to a mid-sized energy company based in North America. A two-stage hierarchical multiple regression was performed. Employee engagement was the dependent variable, and the control variables of age and education were entered at stage one. In stage two, the four variables of general management, performance management, reward management and transformational leadership were included.

Findings
The findings revealed that the factors most predictive of employee engagement were reward management, followed by performance management, general management and transformational leadership. The only control variable predictive of engagement was age, where older employees reported greater engagement.

Practical implications
The study can offer practitioners more insight into employee engagement which in turn can help with employee related decision-making in their own individual workplaces.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the existing literature on human resource management by providing insights into the factors that contribute to employee engagement and corroboration that age is a contributing factor.
Busy commissioners and firm performance: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Trinugroho Irwan , Risfandy Tastaftiyan , Hanafi Mamduh M. , Sukmana Raditya 
Published: February 2022

PurposeUsing the Indonesian setting where the government formally limits the presence of busy commissioners, the authors investigate whether a board containing busy commissioners could be beneficial or detrimental for firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose an econometric model focusing on the impact of busy commissioners on the firm's profitability. The authors are also interested in investigating whether the effect is different between small and large firms and between mature and non-mature firms. A sample of 392 Indonesian listed firms from 2014 to 2020 is used in this study.FindingsThe authors find a negative association between busyness and performance and this result is robust across different estimations and econometrics strategies. The authors also document that the negative impact of busy directors diminishes particularly in young and small firms. The authors also find that the impact is more pronounced in state-owned firms.Practical implicationsFrom a firm point of view, the result suggests that the companies should be aware that appointing busy commissioners in the board structure can detriment market-based performance. The listed firms should also understand that busy commissioners are inefficient, especially if these firms are large, mature and state-owned.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study investigating the relation between busy commissioners and performance by considering age, firm size and state-owned firms as a moderator in a sample of Indonesian listed firms.
Value drivers of government issued mobile coupons usage
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Linghua 
Published: February 2022

PurposeIn the pandemic time, many local governments in China issue mobile coupons to citizens in order to boost economy via stimulating consumption. This study examines value drivers for consumers to use government issued mobile coupons (GIMCs), which differ from traditional ones issued by retailers, during the pandemic time in mainland China.Design/methodology/approachContent analysis of 148 posts and 388 comments from Sina Weibo were performed to identify value-related antecedents of GIMCs' usage by consumers. Then, drawing on extant literature and based on the variables extracted from content analysis, a conceptual model was proposed addressing the determinants of value perceptions which motivate consumers to acquire and redeem GIMCs. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 510 citizens who used government issued m-coupons to verify hypotheses.FindingsThe research findings show that functional value (driven by economic benefits, convenience and relevance), emotional value (driven by trustworthiness, competition and altruism) and social value (driven by social norms and social recognition) positively shape consumer's attitude toward GIMCs and their intention to use GIMCs. Also, it is found that functional value and attitude link is enhanced by consumer's utilitarian shopping motivation and weakened by hedonic shopping motivation. Hedonic shopping motivation enhances the relationship between emotional value and attitude.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the theory development of coupon promotional tool by focusing on m-coupons issued by government (instead of retailers) under the pandemic background. Besides, it provides managerial insights for local authorities to design effective GIMCs policies.
Corporate governance and firm risk-taking: the moderating role of board gender diversity
Authors: Muhammad Hussain , Migliori Stefania , Mohsni Sana 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study aims to explore the moderating role of board gender diversity (BGD) in the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms (i.e. board size, board independence, chief executive officer (CEO) gender, CEO duality and ownership concentration) and firm risk-taking.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 192 non-financial publicly traded Italian firms over 2014–2018, this study tests the proposed research hypotheses and assess the moderating effect of BGD.FindingsDrawing on agency theory and resource dependence theory, this study finds a significant relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firm risk-taking, which is significantly moderated by BGD. BGD accentuates the negative effect of board size, independent directors, CEO gender and CEO duality on firm systematic risk and attenuates the positive impact of CEO duality on firm unsystematic risk. The results, which are consistent with the risk-reduction effect of BGD, are robust to the use of alternative measures of firm risk-taking.Practical implicationsWomen’s presence on corporate boards plays a critical role in the board’s involvement in risk-taking. Hence, investors and stakeholders should consider women on corporate boards as a crucial risk-mitigating factor.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to our knowledge on risk management by demonstrating the moderating role of BGD while relating corporate governance mechanisms and firm risk-taking.
A green supplier selection framework in polyethylene industry
Authors: Asgharnezhad Arezou , Avakh Darestani Soroush 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
To outsource part of their work, organizations are looking for suppliers who also have green criteria with other criteria. Selecting suppliers begins with the definition of potential suppliers and then selects the best among them. This study aims to present a two-part approach for selecting suppliers consisting of suppliers’ prioritization.

Design/methodology/approach
In the first part, the criteria that influence on selecting the suppliers have been identified and extracted using the literature review and experts’ opinion which consists of 19 criteria. Then, these criteria were evaluated by the content validity ratio index and using experts’ opinions, and finally, 16 criteria were selected for selecting green suppliers in a polyethylene’s products producer company in Iran. In the next step, suppliers are selected in a green supply chain using multi-criteria decision-making methods such as Dempster–Shafer theory and grey relationship analysis, which is a strategic decision.

Findings
This study attempts to improve the level of reliance on the whole uncertain degree by combining Dempster–Shafer theory and grey relational analysis (GRA), which makes the grey analysis method more robust and its results more reliable. The findings show that Supplier 4 is ranked as first within six suppliers.

Originality/value
Using GRA and Dempster–Shafer theory for green supplier selection problem in polyethylene industry is the novelty of this work.
Independence, trust, and loyalty. The county governor's coordination of public and voluntary resources in crises in Norway
Authors: Aasland Tora , Braut Geir S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCollaboration and communication are crucial factors in handling crises, whether the crisis is a serious landslide requiring emergency response for several days or a pandemic lasting for months. This article describes and analyses the governmental relationship with the local communities in critical situations with the COVID‐19 pandemic as a case. In the Norwegian administrative organisation, the county governors have a defined role in their emergency responsibilities, including being chairpersons of the County Emergency Council (CEC). The Norwegian emergency system is organised with samvirke (translated to English as coordinated cooperation) as a core constituency. In this system, voluntary organisations have a formalised role in taking an active part in crisis handling. The inclusion of voluntary organisations in the CEC, as seen by the county governors, is used as a case study. The challenges of collaboration can be analysed using the terms independence, trust, and loyalty. Data are collected from governing documents and interviews with the county governors. The main factor in successful coordination is the governors' ability to support the municipalities and the local communities. They must balance between wants of independence and state control. The art of this balancing act is the topic of this article.
A new scoring system for predicting in‐hospital death after lung cancer surgery (the SABCIP score) using a Japanese nationwide administrative database
Authors: Tahara Masahiro , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Fujino Yoshihisa , Fushimi Kiyohide , Matsuda Shinya , Mukae Hiroshi , Yatera Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to develop and validate a new risk scoring tool for predicting in‐hospital mortality after lung cancer surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients admitted for lung cancer surgery from a nationwide administrative database in Japan and randomly divided them into derivation and validation cohorts. In the derivation cohort, we performed logistic regression analysis to determine predictive variables and developed a risk scoring tool by proportionally weighting the regression coefficients and assigning points to each variable. In both cohorts, we evaluated the predictive performance of the score using the c‐index and showed the in‐hospital mortality at each risk score.ResultsIn total, 64 175 patients (32 170 and 32 005 patients in the derivation and validation cohort, respectively) were enrolled, including 115 (0.4%) and 119 (0.4%) in‐hospital patient deaths in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. Following the multivariate regression analysis, we selected six variables to create the SABCIP score, a risk scoring tool named after the parameters on which it is based, namely male sex, age ≥ 75 years, body mass index <18.5, clinical stage ≥3, interstitial lung disease, and procedure type (sleeve resection, chest wall resection, or pneumonectomy). The c‐index of the score was 0.82 and 0.80 in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, which represents a better or equal discrimination performance compared with previous scoring tools. In‐hospital mortality increased as the score increased in both cohorts.ConclusionThe SABCIP score is a simple and useful predictor of in‐hospital mortality in patients after lung cancer surgery.
Drug Overdoses During the COVID‐19 Pandemic Among Recently Homeless Individuals
Authors: Liu Michael , Richard Lucie , Campitelli Michael A. , Nisenbaum Rosane , Dosani Naheed , Dhalla Irfan A. , Wadhera Rishi K. , Shariff Salimah Z. , Hwang Stephen W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsTo examine how weekly rates of emergency department (ED) visits for drug overdoses changed among individuals with a recent history of homelessness (IRHH) and their housed counterparts during the pre‐pandemic, peak, and re‐opening periods of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, using corresponding weeks in 2019 as a historical control.DesignPopulation‐based retrospective cohort study conducted between September 30, 2018 and September 26, 2020.SettingOntario, Canada.ParticipantsA total of 38 617 IRHH, 15 022 369 housed individuals, and 186 858 low‐income housed individuals matched on age, sex, rurality, and comorbidity burden.MeasurementsED visits for drug overdoses of accidental and undetermined intent.FindingsAverage rates of ED visits for drug overdoses between January and September 2020 were higher among IRHH compared with housed individuals (rate ratio [RR], 148.0; 95% CI, 142.7–153.5) and matched housed individuals (RR, 22.3; 95% CI, 20.7–24.0). ED visits for drug overdoses decreased across all groups by ~20% during the peak period (March 17 to June 16, 2020) compared with corresponding weeks in 2019. During the re‐opening period (June 17 to September 26, 2020), rates of ED visits for drug overdoses were significantly higher among IRHH (RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.44–1.69), matched housed individuals (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08–1.46), and housed individuals relative to equivalent weeks in 2019 (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.11). The relative increase in drug overdose ED visits among IRHH was larger compared with both matched housed individuals (P = 0.01 for interaction between group and year) and housed individuals (P < 0.001) during this period.ConclusionsRecently homeless individuals in Ontario, Canada experienced disproportionate increases in ED visits for drug overdoses during the re‐opening period of the COVID‐19 pandemic compared with housed people.
COVID‐19 and mental health: Impact on symptom burden in older people living with mental illness in residential aged care
Authors: Curran Eleanor , Nalder Liam , Koye Digsu , Hocking Jan , Coulson Brett , Khalid Sabah , Loi Samantha M. , Lautenschlager Nicola T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesCOVID‐19–related restrictions for residential aged care (RAC) have been significant. However, the mental health impacts for residents already living with mental illness remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined change in mental health symptom burden for this group and potential associations with clinical and contextual factors.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients of a specialist aged mental health clinical service for RAC. Change in symptoms (measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version [NPI‐NH]) between pre‐pandemic and two pandemic timepoints were analysed using Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests. Potential associations with baseline diagnosis or severity of ‘lockdown’ restrictions in RAC were assessed using linear regression.ResultsData from 91 patient files were included. The median NPI‐NH score slightly increased during wave one (baseline median NPI‐NH score = 17.0 [interquartile range, IQR: 10.0–27.0]; wave one median = 19.0, IQR: 8.0–30.0) and fell during wave two (Median: 15.5, IQR: 7.0–28.0), but changes were not statistically significant (all p‐values >0.05). Adjusting for age and gender, an association between neurocognitive disorder diagnosis and NPI‐NH score during wave one was statistically but not clinically significant (p = 0.046). No other significant associations were identified.ConclusionsAccounting for pre‐pandemic symptoms, we found no clinically relevant evidence of worsening mental health during COVID‐19 for a group of older people living with mental illness in RAC. This adds to evidence of relatively stable mental health in older people during the pandemic. Research and policy should consider underpinning mechanisms and emphasise patient‐ and carer‐centred interventions.