bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parity of Esteem and Systems Thinking. A Theory Informed Qualitative Synthesis
Authors: Owens Janine , Lovell Karina , Brown Abigail , Bee Penny 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: UK policy recognises the interdependence of physical and mental health, but the failure to define Parity of Esteem (PoE) in any depth, challenges its implementation. There are at least two shortcomings in current PoE implementation; the lack of specificity in its operational components and progress indicators and the sub-optimal ‘siloed’ approach to its redress. Methods: This is a descriptive qualitative study employing 27 qualitative interviews and the World Health Organisation (WHO) system domains as a framework for the thematic analysis. Results: Examining the current strengths and challenges of systems in mental and physical healthcare using the WHO domains and macro, meso and micro levels, identifies specific actions to redress inequity between mental and physical health provision. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that moving PoE from rhetoric towards reality requires new configurations with a systems orientation, which uses macro, meso and micro levels to analyse and understand the complexity of relations within and between domain levels and reorienting funding, training and measurement. This requires embedding new competencies, infrastructures and practices within an effective learning healthcare system.
Feasibility of a Parent-led Stepped Care Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Children: a Mixed Methods Pilot Trial Protocol
Authors: Skjærvø Ingeborg , Martinsen Marianne , Næss Anders , Jensen Tine Kristin , Fagermoen Else Merete , Skagemo Cecilie Ursin , Dyrdal Gunvor Marie , Knutsen Marie , Michaelsen Kaja , Nymoen Roxana Camilla , Ormhaug Silje Mørup 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background: Traumatizing events put children at risk of developing severe mental health problems. There is a large gap between the need for and access to evidence-based treatments for traumatized children and youth. To bridge this gap, the treatment model stepped care trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (stepped care TF-CBT) has been developed. The model consists of a parent-led therapist assisted component (step one), with an option to step up non-responders to standard therapist-led TF-CBT treatment (step two). We will investigate the feasibility, acceptability, outcomes and predictors of an adapted stepped care TF-CBT model, where step one is placed in the first-line municipal health services and step two in the second-line specialist health services. We will include the perspectives of children, caregivers, therapists and service leaders. Methods: This is a multicentre feasibility study, with a mixed methods longitudinal research design. We recruited 45 therapists across 19 municipalities in Norway and provided training in the stepped care TF-CBT model. Through the therapists, an estimated 78-83 child-caregiver dyads will be recruited. The main criteria for inclusion are age 7-12 years, at least moderate post-traumatic stress symptoms following exposure to trauma, and that receiving parent-led treatment is safe for the child. Interviews to explore experiences with the model will be conducted with children, caregivers, therapists and municipal service leaders. Further data from children, caregivers and therapists will be collected throughout treatment and at 3-month follow-up to assess post-traumatic stress symptoms and mental health, daily functioning, quality of life and therapeutic alliance. Discussion: The results will help inform clinicians and policymakers of the potential benefits and barriers of providing step one of stepped care TF-CBT in a first-line setting. The study will increase knowledge of factors that characterize children and families that benefit from the parent-led step one, and families that may need modifications in the model, or different interventions.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04073862. Retrospectively registered 03 June 2019 (first patient recruited May 2019), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04073862
Novel approach on Formamidinium tin iodide-based Perovskite solar cell for the best replacement materials of Hole Transport Layer and Electron Transport Layer by using Solar cell Capacitance simulation
Authors: Vishnuwaran M. , Ramachandran Krishnamoorthy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC) research has increased noticeably in recent years as a result of significant improvements in their performance. Perovskite solar cells are a new development in Photovoltaic technology. Because PSCs are inexpensive, have the ability to tune the bandgap and are a promising future option for meeting cell efficiency limits and strong broad optical absorption. Toxicity is an important factor in the development of organic and inorganic Perovskite solar cells. PSCs based on Sn are a worthy competitor to PSCs based on Lead (Pb). The majority of them used Methylammonium tin iodide (CH3NH3SnI3) material as an absorber layer because it has greater absorption but suffers from temperature instability. As a result, in this work, we use Formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) absorber, which has higher temperature stability than CH3NH3SnI3 Methylammonium tin iodide with a band gap of 1.4 eV. Solar cell Capacitance simulation used in this work to create FASnI3-based solar cells. This paper proposes a Power Conversion Efficiency of 24.22% for PSCs. For maximum Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE), the optimized thickness values are 10 nm for CuI (Hole transport layer), 850 nm for FASnI3, and 20 nm for ZnOS (Electron Transport Layer). The best temperature range for device performance is around 340K. SCAPS was used to calculate the current work. In addition, we demonstrated that ZnOS is the most promising ETL as a TiO2 replacement in this work. The proposed work focuses on paving the way for novel eco-friendly non-toxic PSCs as well as investigating optimised Voltage output circuit (Voc), Current density (Jsc), Fill factor (FF), and Power conversion Efficiency (PCE) device characteristics.
Legume/Maize Intercropping and N Application for Improved Yield, Quality, and Water and N Utilisation in Forage Crops under Arid Conditions in Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Haixing , Shi Wei , Chang Shenghua , Jia Qianmin , Hou Fujiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim
Legume/maize intercropping systems have been used in many developing countries. However, the effects of such systems on crop yield, quality, water-use efficiency (WUE), and N-use efficiency (NUE) were differed with the use of different legume crops and fertilizer application rates.
Methods
In the present study, field experiments were carried out in arid areas of Northwest China from 2019 to 2020 with three planting patterns (LM: lablab bean/silage maize intercropping; FM: forage soybean/silage maize intercropping; M: silage maize monoculture) and four N application levels (N1: 0 kg ha−1; N2: 120 kg ha−1; N3: 240 kg ha−1; N4: 360 kg ha−1).
Results
Compared with N1, the N3 and N4 treatments significantly increased fresh and hay grass yield, crude protein yield, crude protein content, and crude fat content of silage maize, legumes, and the whole system, and decreased the content of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). Compared with N1, the 2-year average total hay yield of N3 and N4 increased by 60.38% and 56.45%, respectively, and the total crude protein yield increased by 106.71% and 100.00%, respectively. Compared with N1, the N3 and N4 treatments significantly increased WUEB, N content, N uptake, and NUE, and the 2-year average NUE of N3 was 59.52% higher than that of N4. Compared with M, LM and FM increased crude protein content and decreased NDF and ADF content, and the forage quality of LM was higher than that of FM.
Conclusions
Compared with M, LM and FM increased hay yield by 3.70% and 1.72%, crude protein yield by 32.05% and 22.82%, and WUEB by 10.49% and 6.02%, respectively. Among all treatments, LM-N3 had the highest total fresh and hay yield, crude protein yield, N uptake, WUEB, and NUE in two years.
Impact of Green Fiscal Policy on the Investment Efficiency of Renewable Energy Enterprises in China
Authors: Meng Zhaosu , SUN Huike , LIU Xiaotong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study focuses on the investment efficiency of renewable energy enterprises and how they respond to government green fiscal policies. It complements previous research that only examines corporate investment efficiency from government subsidies or tax incentives. Moreover, we extend the impact of green fiscal policies on the investment inefficiency of renewable energy enterprises from the perspective of property heterogeneity. We choose financial data of 158 renewable energy enterprises for both state-owned (SOEs) and private (Non-SOEs) listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2010-2018 and use the Richardson model to measure the investment efficiency. The fixed-effect panel model is applied to explore the impact of green fiscal policies on the investment efficiency of renewable energy enterprises. The results show that, in general, green financial subsidies aggravate over-investment, especially for SOEs, while green tax incentives alleviate under-investment considerably, especially for Non-SOEs. We also find inefficient investment pervasive in China, among which the over-investment problem more serious than under-investment. But for the Non-SOEs, under-investment is more predominant. Finally, we propose that government subsidies for SOEs should be constrained and supervised, while more flexible tax incentives for Non-SOEs should be advocated.
Common and Distinct Functional Connectivity of the Orbitofrontal Cortex in Depression and Schizophrenia
Authors: Huang Huan , Rong Bei , Chen Cheng , Ba Lan , Huang Junjie , Chen Jingang , Liu Zhongchun , Zhou Yuan , Wang Gaohua , Wang Huiling 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSchizophrenia and depression are highly prevalent serious psychiatric disorders with potentially similar clinical and biological features, and disrupted connectivity have been found to play an important role in the pathophysiology of these two diseases. Here, we sought to identify common and distinct neuropathological mechanisms in schizophrenia and depression patients with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).MethodsTwenty-eight patients with depression (DEP), twenty-nine patients with schizophrenia (SCH), and thirty healthy control subjects (HC) were enrolled. A data-driven intrinsic network level analysis (Intrinsic Connectivity Contrast, ICC) was used to identify functional connectivity (FC) changes at the whole-brain level. Then the regions with group differences were used as seeds in following FC analysis. ResultsSignificant ICC differences were found in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex(OFC) across three groups. Common reduced ICC in DEP and SCH were found in OFC, with more extensive abnormalities in schizophrenia than depression. Subsequent FC analysis indicated that, compared to the DEP and HC group, the FC between right OFC and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and right anterior insula(AI) were significantly lower in the SCH group. In addition, the FC between left OFC and right cerebellum and subcallosal gyrus were decreased in both patient groups compared to the HC group. Correlation analysis showed that the FC between OFC and MPFC was positively correlated with cognitive function in the SCH group. ConclusionThese results suggest a critical role for OFC connectivity in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and depression, which may shed new light on the potential neural mechanisms underlying these two disorders.
An Experimental Framework for Determining the Degree of Intraguild Predation in a Three-Species Omnivorous Food Web in the Field
Authors: Hsu Gen-Chang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Intraguild predation (IGP) is common in natural and human-managed systems and plays a critical role in food web dynamics. Previous studies have documented the occurrence of IGP across a wide range of predator taxa, yet there is still a lack of quantitative understanding regarding the degree/intensity of IGP in these systems. Here, I propose an experimental framework combining controlled feeding trials and stable isotope analysis to determine the degree of IGP in a three-species omnivorous food web (shared prey + mesopredator + top predator) in the field. The degree of IGP is defined herein as the proportion (in number) of mesopredator consumed in the total diet (shared prey + mesopredator) of top predator. The feeding trials are used to construct a standard curve for the degree of IGP in the focal system, to which the stable isotope signatures of field samples are compared to estimate the degree of IGP in the field. The proposed framework leverages the strengths of different experimental approaches to studying trophic interactions, providing a useful tool for quantifying IGP in a more accurate (controlled feeding trials and standard IGP curve) and realistic (stable isotope analysis of field samples) fashion. If proven successful, the current framework can be extended to food webs involving more complex interactions (e.g., cannibalism and multiple shared prey) and further complemented with other approaches (e.g., molecular gut content analysis) to capture a more complete picture of IGP dynamics in the field.
Perceived Stigma, Substance Use and Self-Medication in Night Shift Health Care Workers: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Cousin Lorraine , Roucoux Guillaume , Petit Anne Sophie , Baumann-Coblentz Laurence , Torrente Olivia Rousset , Cannafarina Adriano , Chassany Olivier , Duracinsky Martin , Carrieri Patrizia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many risk factors related to alteration of circadian rhythms impact the health of night-shift hospital workers (NSHW), resulting in mental and somatic disorders. NSHW working conditions – including a stressful work environment – and related sleep disorders can foster addictive behaviors in this population. To study how the environment affects night shift health workers (NSHW) and whether psychoactive substances (PS) are a self-medication response.METHODS: Qualitative study to verify the plausibility of the self-medication theory applied to addictive behaviors. Semi-structured interviews (N=18 NSHW) and thematic analysis, following consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research recommendations. RESULTS: Both night shift and the stressing and stigmatizing environment affected NSHW mental and physical health. Alcohol after work and smoking were used as a “social” break but also as a means to reduce stress. Alteration of circadian cycles led NSHW to use of non-prescribed sleeping pills. PS appeared as a self-medication act, modulated by social and professional environments, source of stress, discrimination, isolation and social norms. CONCLUSION: Anti-stigma interventions in healthcare setting and screening of mental/somatic disorders in NSHW will help reduce harmful self-medication behaviors and improve hospital care in the COVID era.
DNA methylation of pck1 might contribute to the programming effects of early high-carbohydrate diets feeding to the glucose metabolism across two generations in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Liu Tong , Liang Xu-Fang , Cai Wenjing , Zhuang Wuyuan , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To assess the effects of early high-carbohydrate stimulus on glucose metabolism across two generations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and explore a mechanism to explain those nutritional programming effects via epigenetic modification. The larvae were delivered a high-carbohydrate diet (53.66%) during first-feeding to the end of the yolk-sac (FF) and after yolk-sac exhaustion for 5 d (YE) as early nutritional stimulus. Then those larvae (F0) and their offspring (F1) were both fed with control diet (22.69%) until adult (15 week), they were challenged with a high-carbohydrate diet (35.36%) at 16th week. The results indicated that early stimulus raised the mRNA levels of genes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis immediately. At the end of challenge in F0, the plasma glucose levels were decreased and expression levels of glucokinase (gck) were increased, the transcription of genes in gluconeogenesis were inhibited in two treatment groups. When challenged in F1, the glucose levels were lower in FF (F1) and the mRNA levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (pck1) were decreased in FF (F1), YE (F1). Besides, the lower expression levels corresponding with hypermethylation in CpG island of pck1 were maintained from the adult of F0, 24 hours post-fertilization embryo to the adult of F1 in two experimental groups (F0 and F1). In conclusion, these results indicated that early high-carbohydrate stimulus could significantly reprogram glucose metabolism in adult zebrafish and those modifications could be transmitted to next generation partly, the DNA methylation of pck1 might work as a stable epigenetic marker to contribute to those processes.
Changes of resting-state neural activity and nerve fibers in ischemic stroke patients with hemiplegia
Authors: Cao Xuejin , Wang Zan , Chen Xiaohui , Liu Yanli , Abdoulaye Idriss Ali , Ju Shenghong , Wang Yuancheng , Guo Yi Jing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Many neuroimaging studies have reported that stroke induces abnormal brain activities. Yet, little is known about resting-state networks (RSNs) and the corresponding white matter changes in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Here, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure the neural activity and related fiber tracks in 14 ischemic stroke patients with hemiplegia and 12 healthy controls. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) calculation and correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between the regional neural activity and movement scores. Tractography was performed using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data to analyze the fibers passing the regions of interest. Compared with controls, stroke patients showed abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in some brain regions of the RSNs. The fALFF was increased in the contralesional parietal lobe, with the regional fALFF being correlated to behavioral scores in stroke patients. And the tracked fibers across regions with reduced FC in the RSNs were increased in stroke patients. The study suggested that structural remodeling of functionally-relevant white matter tracts probably be an adaptive response that compensates for injury to the brain.
Wheat Growth As Affected By Planting Density, Planting Time And Nitrogen Application
Authors: Mashiqa Patrick , Pule-Meulenberg Flora , Ngwako Samodimo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The growth and development of wheat and quality of wheat flour is dependent on the genotype, fertilizer application, sowing date and plant density. Therefore, plant growth and protein content studies were conducted on two wheat genotypes during the winter planting seasons of 2015 and 2016. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Complete Block Design in a split-split-plot arrangement, with the main plots being two wheat genotypes; sub plots being two plant density treatments, sub-sub plots being five nitrogen doses and sub-sub-sub plots of two planting dates, replicated three times. The application of 125 kg/ha nitrogen increased the number of days to anthesis, grain protein content and plant height. Early planting reduced days to emergence but delayed days to anthesis and physiological maturity, whereas the protein content and plant height were increased by early planting. The leaf dry mass, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate were similar at each crop stage for the planting densities, and they were increased at 125 kg/ha application of nitrogen. The genotypes showed the presence of glutens of both high molecular and low molecular weight which are likely to contain genes that supports good baking quality of flour. The interaction of plant density, planting time and nitrogen at 125 kg/ha contributed more protein bands with low and high molecular weight glutenin’s in wheat genotypes.
900 MHz Electromagnetic Fields Induce Microbiota Dysbiosis and Adaptive Immune System Disorders in Juvenile Rats
Authors: Collet Louison , Jenlis Aymar Bosquillon , Khorsi-Cauet Hafida , Naudot Marie , Djekkoun Nariman , Ghamlouch Hussein , Corona Aurélie , Ouled-Haddou Hakim , Delanaud Stéphane , Garcon Loïc , Bach Véronique , Pelletier Amandine , Marolleau Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Although cell phones and electronic devices are now integral parts of modern life (especially for young people), the radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) emitted by these devices is a potential health hazard. The effects of RF-EMFs have been assessed in various fields, including epidemiology and neurology. However, there are few published data on the possible effects of RF-EMFs on immune cells; this is surprising, given the importance of the immune system’s role in defending the body against infections and cancer. To assess whether chronic RF-EMF exposure has harmful effects on the immune system in juvenile rats, rats were exposed or not to 900MHz RF-EMF 23h/day during 5 weeks. Hematological, cytometric and bacteriological assays were used to probe differences between exposed and non-exposed tissues. Exposure of rats to 900 MHz RF-EMF was associated with differences in the innate immune system and even more marked in the adaptive immune system. An analysis of the intestinal microbiota revealed dysbiosis, with an over-representation of Enterococcus, Clostridium and Bacteroides spp. Enterococcus was found to have translocated into the spleen in 67% exposed rats. Exposure to a 900 MHz RF-EMF appeared to alter the immune system (and particularly the adaptive immune system) directly or via intestinal dysbiosis.
NAV2729 in combination with Imatinib promote apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cell line, K562
Authors: valandani hajar mardani , Shakerinia Zahra , Khalilabadi Roohollah Mirzaee , Fatemi Ahmad , Farsinejad Alireza 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy that affect hematopoietic stem cells. CML therapy prevents the disease from spreading to more advanced stages and improve quality of life. Imatinib as the first line treatment for CML is associated with side effects and resistant. Tumor derived extracellular vesicles (TMVs) play an important role in the progression of the disease. Inhibiting the release of TMVs, helps to inhibit leukemia. Our purpose is to investigate the apoptotic effect of NAV2729 in combination with Imatinib on CML cell line, K562. Methods and Results: After treatment of K562 cells with NAV2729, Imatinib and both, viability of cells were measured after 24h, 48h. Metabolic activity, changes in Bax and Bcl-2 expressions, size and concentration of EVs were evaluated after 48h treatment of K562 cells with NAV2729, Imatinib and both. Trypan blue assay indicated, decremented live cells percentage. MTT assay showed reduction in metabolic activity when both of the drugs were used. Reduction in BCL-2 and BAX expressions was observed. EVs count release from K562 cells were decreased in the combination of drugs.Conclusion: study result showed combined treatment of NAV2729 and imatinib synergistically inhibit K562 cell proliferation and enhances the therapeutic effect of imatinib.