bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compression of Color Image Using Quantization Method
Authors: Rajagukguk Denni  Rajagukguk , Iqbal Panjaitan  
Published: February 2022

The development of large-capacity storage media causes people to no longer have problems if they have large files. More so if the file we have is an image file. Nevertheless, sometimes the large file size feels annoying if we have to manage the storage media that we have for various data, thepurpose of this study is to compress color imagery. By using quantization method can be taken, By using data compression then the data capacity will be minimized, Utilization of quantization method will facilitate data compression (image), Image compression with kunatization method in RGB Image can reduce thesize of the compressed file, so as to save storage space(Storage).
Influence of southern hemispheric frontal systems on the Southwest monsoon rainfall over the west coast of India during Monex-79
Authors: LAL ASOI , PRASAD RAJENDRA 
Published: February 2022

The possible influence of frontal systems moving across southern Africa and adjoining southwest Indian Ocean on the rainfall activity over west coast of India during MONEX-79 has been investigated by using correlation and regression technique. The results suggest possible cross hemispheric linkages between the frontal systems and rainfall over the middle and southern parts of the west coast of India during MONEX-79.
Analysis and prognosis of low temperatures adverse plants using Markov chains
Authors: LIAKATASA A. , CHARANTONIS T. 
Published: February 2022

Using Markov's chains and selected threshold temperature& critical to plants, analysis and statistical forecasting of minimum temperatures for a frost-sensitive area of Greece are attempted. Two thresholds, the physical and the physiological (for winter cereals) "zeros", are considered separately for two states (a lower and an upper one), and three (plus a third between the two) states.

Probabilistic forecasting of frost, chilly (between "Zeros") and warm temperatures is possible, with the 'application of Markov's theory, and useful, particularly in the Case of a medium-range forecast.
Variations of the solar activity and irradiance, and their influence on the flooding of the river Nile
Authors: SHALTOUT M. A. MOSALAM , TADROS M. T. Y. 
Published: February 2022

Autocorrelation and power spectra analysis are carried out for different lengths of time series Of the following data:(l) Solar activity (sunspot, faculae and radio flux on 2800 MHz);(2) Irradiance (solar Constant measured at earth's surface and by the artificial satellite (Nimbus- 7); (3) River Nile flood (old water level, maximum flood level, and the difference between the both levels) measured at Cairo.

The results showing remarkable similarity between the power spectra of solar activity, irradiance (solar constant) and river Nile flood.

We conclude that any short or long-term variations in the solar activity lead to similar variations in the solar constant. Also, annual and secular variations of solar activity yield information’s on the suspected annual and secular variations of the river Nile flood.
The EV1 distribution for modelling extreme In events at Bombay
Authors: SINGH NITYANAND , KUMAR K. KRISHNAN 
Published: February 2022

In this study, in addition to routinely used moments (MOM) and maximum likelihood (MML) methods, the BV1 model has also been fitted to the Bombay rainfall external sequences using maximum entropy (MMB), probability weighted moments (PWM) and mixed moments (MIX) and their relative suitability compared. Computation of relative efficiency for different methods in estimating the BY 1 parameters and quantiles (T-yr event) from observed data shows that MML is the most efficient method.

The bias, the root mean square error (RMSB) and the efficiency of different methods in estimating the parameters and quantiles have also been computed in simulation study following the Monte Carlo technique and it is found that, In general, PWM provided least biased estlm1tes, MML with minimum RMSB values was the most efficient method, and MIX was the least satisfactory method on all counts.
The fractal geometry of winter monsoon clouds over the Indian region
Authors: JAYANTHI N. , GUPTA AKHILESH , SELVAM A. MARY 
Published: February 2022

The fractal dimension of winter monsoon (October-: December) clouds over the Indian region during the 3 years 1985 to 1987 were determined from INSAT-I B cloud pictures using Lovejoy’s (1982) relationship P ~ÖAD where , P, A and D are respectively the perimeter, area and the fractal dimension of the cloud.

The cloud study clearly indicates self-similar fractal structure to clouds of all sizes up to .the available maximum areal extent of about 5 x 106 sq km. The mean value of the fractal dimension of cloud perimeter is found to be equal to 1.30.
Relevance of Preoperative Pain Education To The Cardiac Patients on Their Response To Postoperative Pain Therapy
Authors: Khalid Asma , Kausar Samina , Sadiqa Ayesha , Abid Asma , Jabeen Sumera 
Published: February 2022

To observe the effects of preoperative pain education on Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients on postoperative pain management. Methods: A randomized control trial was performed from April-December 2019, after seeking ethical approval. Patients of Punjab institute of cardiology, Lahore, scheduled for CABG were selected after informed consent. Those with psychiatric illness, chronic pain/opioid addiction, or allergic to opioids, were excluded. The population was divided into control (received routine preoperative care) and interventional (received additional preoperative education via pain management booklet) groups, data was collected postoperatively via questionnaire and analyzed on SPSS. Chi-square was used as a statistical test and p-value <0.05 was significant. Results: Eighty patients with 47 males and 33 females aged 50-80 years (mean=61.05±8.32) were recruited. The interventional group agreed to the significance of instant in-hospital notifying/managing pain and 38(95%) controls agreed to it, 39(98%) interventional patients were willing for a stronger pain-relief medicine if not cured by the initial dose, while 12(30%) controls were willing for it. 38(95%) interventional patients denied the fear of addiction to painkillers, contrarily 5(12.5%) controls negated this fear. All interventional patients rejected the concern of incurable nausea with pain-relief medicine, while 37(92.5%) controls were threatened with this concern. Constipation associated with pain-relief medicine was refused by all interventional patients, 25(62.5%) controls accepted it. All the differences between both groups were significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: A significantly improved postoperative patient compliance/outcome (pain-related) was observed in the interventional group who preoperative received pain education compared to the control.
الفاظ الحــــــــــــــــــرب ودلالاتها في الشعر العباسي شعر صــــــر در أنموذجــــــــــــــــــا
Authors: عبد الله شيماء نجم 
Published: February 2022

كانت الفاظ الحرب و دلالاتها مدعاة لان تكون ضمن حيز القصيدة الحربية أو الحماسية ،لكن شاعرنا صردر استطاع اخراج هذا التوظيف ضمن اغراض شتى في ديوان شعره و اضفى عليها من الدلالات و السمات ما جعلها موائمة مع كل غرض ينطق بها سواء أكان من مدح ،أم غزل ،أم رثاء ،أم وصف، أم خمر الى غير ذلك من الفنون عارضا بذلك قدرة الفنان على التحوير و التشكيل الابداعي و اثبت ان الدلالات و المسميات ليست حكرا على غرض بعينه دون آخر ،و انما بالهام الشاعر و ابراز طاقته الابداعية ناهيك عن التمكن و التراكم الثقافي الذي يترك بصمته في ذهن المبدع وروحه فيحيل بذلك المخصوص الى افق واسع من التوظيف اللامتناهي بفضل الخلق و الابداع الذي يكتب لصاحبه سمة التميز و التفرد في رحاب الابداع الفني في عالم الشعر
Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbasis Sekolah Alam Di RT03/RW01 Kelurahan Tuahmadani Kecamatan Tampan Pekanbaru
Authors: Syaifullah Syaifullah , Andriani Refika 
Published: February 2022

English Vocabulary Mastery of Children in RT03/RW01 Tuahmadani, Tampan District of Pekanbaru is low. It could be seen from daily activity, interaction between researcher and the children during preliminary research. Moreover, it was seen from the quiz result, 55 (Very Poor). There are two main causes had by them; some do not study english yet, and some do not like English. As the way out of those two causes, researcher had provided Teaching English Natural Based in several meetings. There were several concepts of Teaching English Natural Based: First, teaching English any time and anywhere, the material can delivered in door or outdoor. Second, Teaching English by model, teacher must be as model in teaching process. The last, Learning by doing is as a based. As a result, after teaching the children by using Natural Based, their English or vocabulary has little improvement. In short, the children are happy in studying English by using Natural Based and supported by simple media.
Structural Characteristics of Carbon Nanotubes Fabricated Using Simple Spray Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Khairurrijal Khairurrijal , Abdullah Mikrajuddin , Rosi Memoria , Noor Fatimah A. 
Published: February 2022

A simple spray pyrolysis method has successfully used to synthesize carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Their structural characteristics were characterized by employing field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. FE-SEM images confirmed that the diameters of CNTs were in the range of 20 to 80 nm. The average diameter of CNTs increased considerably as the growth temperature increased (above 700 oC). The changes in growth time and ferrocene mass altered the average diameter of CNTs slightly. EDX analysis and XRD patterns indicated that Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, which originate from the oxidation of ferrocene catalyst, are the main impurities of the CNTs. The concentrations of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 became lower and higher, respectively, for the growth temperatures higher than 700°C because Fe2O3 is the most stable at high temperatures.
Anneal Temperature Effect on Crystallite Size and Electric Conductivity of LiMn2O4
Authors: Basar Khairul , Xianglian Xianglian , Siagian Sainer , Ohara Kouta , Sakuma Takashi , Takahashi Haruyuki , Abe Osami , Igawa Naoki , Ishii Yoshinobu 
Published: February 2022

Powder samples of LiMn2O4 have been prepared by solid state reaction of LiOH and MnO2. Neutron scattering experiments at room temperature and conductivity measurement have been performed on the samples. Anneal temperature effect on the crystallite size and electric conductivity of LiMn2O4 is analyzed. The average crystallite size is obtained from the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of Bragg lines using Scherrer equation. The average crystallite size increases with the increase of anneal temperature. Activation energy and conductivity prefactor increase with anneal temperature.
A Distorted Wave Method Applied to Study the 23 P Excitation of Helium Atom by Electron Impact
Authors: Linturi James Mugambi , Okumu J , Singh C S 
Published: February 2022

The distorted wave method has been applied to calculate the differential and integral cross sections for 11S-23P excitations of helium atom by electron impact in the energy range of 40-200 eV. The initial distortion potential is taken as the static potential of the helium (target) atom in the initial state (11S) while the final distortion potential is taken as the average of the initial- and final-state static potentials of helium atom. The distorted waves are determined by partial wave expansion method by expanding it in terms of spherical harmonics and the radial equation corresponding to distorted waves is solved by use of Numerov method. A computer program DWBA1 written for e--H scattering by Madison and Bartschat is modified to perform the numerical calculations for e--He scattering and the results obtained are compared with experimental and theoretical results. The present results for 11S-23P transition are in a good agreement with experimental and theoretical results.
Promoting Curiosity, Creativity and Clarity in Management Education
Authors: Walsh Christian 
Published: February 2022

In order for management education to move beyond the analytical thinking of the last century to promote creative thinking more appropriate for today’s organizations we need to build new courses that allow for organic flexible approaches to building diverse types of knowledge. We need to nurture student curiosity and encourage them to delve deeply into unknown fields. By approaching problems with curious humility they can begin to understand the nuances of tensions and trade-offs that exist at the heart of complex issues. We also need to unleash student creativity and support intelligent generative failure in order to learn. They need to learn the skills of experimentation in order to test ideas in uncertain contexts. We also need to promote clarity of purpose and communication that will enable innovation to be implemented and have positive impact in the world. In this chapter a new process model covering each of these aspects is described along with an illustrative example of how this has been applied in a redesigned MBA course over the last 5 years.
Gestión curricular y desarrollo de la competencia digital docente en la formación inicial del profesorado
Authors: Pinto Santos Alba Ruth , Pérez Garcias Adolfina 
Published: February 2022

This paper analyzes the impact of the curricular management of Initial Teacher Training (ITT) curriculum has on the development of the Teaching Digital Competence (TDC) of future teachers. For this purpose, at the methodological level, an evaluative research approach was implemented. The sample was made up of students (n: 153) from the bachelor of early childhood education program at the University of La Guajira. The data collection instruments used were an observation sheet of indicators of curricular management, and a rubric to evaluate the teaching digital competence. The results show that there are at the curricular level, objectives and subjects that guide pedagogical training in the educational use of digital technology. However, in the assessment of TDC in students, they are located at the lowest levels of the rubric, with 37.3% at the Lower level, and 30.7% at the Low level. It is concluded that trends in educational innovation and integrative processes of the TDC are not reflected, and that there is a need to strengthen the training processes in the ITT so that future teachers develop the competencies that allow an effective use of digital technology to professional level.
El presente artículo analiza la incidencia que tiene la gestión curricular de la Formación Inicial Docente (FID) en el desarrollo de la Competencia Digital Docente (CDD) de los futuros profesores. Para tal efecto, a nivel metodológico se implementó un enfoque de investigación evaluativa. La muestra fue conformada por los estudiantes (n: 153) del programa licenciatura en educación infantil de la Universidad de La Guajira. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos usados fueron una ficha de observación de indicadores de la gestión curricular, y una rúbrica para evaluar la competencia digital docente. Los resultados evidencian que existen a nivel curricular, objetivos y asignaturas que orientan la formación pedagógica en el uso educativo de la tecnología digital. No obstante, en la valoración de la CDD en los estudiantes se ubicaron en los niveles más bajos de la rúbrica, con 37,3% en el nivel Inferior, y 30,7% en el nivel de Bajo. Se concluye que no se refleja tendencias de innovación educativa y procesos integradores de la CDD, y que existe la necesidad de fortalecer los procesos de formación en la FID para que los futuros docentes desarrollen las competencias que le permita una utilización eficaz de la tecnología digital a nivel profesional.
Competencia digital de los docentes Canarios para atender a la diversidad funcional
Authors: Carrillo-Lopez Pedro José , Hernández-Gutiérrez Ana Adela 
Published: February 2022

Background: the study of teacher training is of utmost importance to achieve quality education. Objective: to analyse the level of digital competence of teachers in the Canary Islands with regard to the application of ICT for people with different types of disabilities. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was designed with a sample of 678 teachers. The questionnaire used was called Diagnosis and teacher training for the incorporation of ICT in students with functional diversity. Results: Global ICT knowledge scored substantially below the average (20,48 vs. 30,00). According to gender, significant differences were found in the Auditory and Cognitive dimensions in favour of females (p < 0,05). Those aged 26-35 years scored higher on all dimensions (p < 0,05). Conclusion: Teachers in the Canary Islands show a low level of training with regard to the application of ICT with students with disabilities. These results may be of special interest for the health and educational context in order to create and develop teacher training itineraries that can contribute to improving the quality of the teaching-learning process.
Antecedentes: el estudio de la formación de los docentes es de suma importancia para alcanzar una educación de calidad. Objetivo: analizar el nivel de competencia digital de los docentes de las Islas Canarias respecto a la aplicación de las TIC para personas que presentan diferentes tipos de discapacidades. Método: se diseñó un estudio descriptivo transversal compuesto con una muestra de 678 docentes. El cuestionario utilizado se denomina Diagnóstico y formación del profesorado para la incorporación de las TIC en alumnado con diversidad funcional. Resultados: el conocimiento Global TIC alcanza una puntuación sustancialmente inferior a la media del cuestionario (20,48 vs. 30,00). Según el sexo, se han hallado diferencias significativas en la dimensión Auditiva y Cognitiva a favor de las mujeres (p < 0,05). Aquellos que tienen entre 26-35 años obtienen una mayor puntuación en todas las dimensiones (p < 0,05). Conclusión: el profesorado de las Islas Canarias muestra una baja capacitación con respecto a la aplicación de las TIC con alumnado que presenta discapacidad. Estos resultados pueden ser de especial interés para el contexto sanitario y educativo con el fin de desarrollar itinerarios de formación docente que permitan contribuir a la mejora de la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Effects of long-term nitrogen & phosphorus fertilization on soil microbial, bacterial and fungi respiration and their temperature sensitivity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Chen Kelu , Zhou Huakun , Wu Yang , Zhao Ziwen , Li Yuanze , Qiao Leilei , Liu Guobin , Xue Sha 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe microbial decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major source of carbon loss, especially in ecologically fragile regions (e.g.,the Tibetan Plateau), which are also affected by global warming and anthropogenic activities (e.g.,fertilization). The inherent differences between bacteria and fungi indicate that they are likely to play distinct roles in the above processes. However, there still have been no reports on that, which is restricting our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying SOC decomposition.MethodsA long-term nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition field experiment was conducted to assess their effects on soil microbial, fungal, and bacterial respiration (RM, RF, and RB, respectively) and temperature sensitivity (Q10; at 15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C) using cycloheximide and streptomycin to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria.ResultsWe found that N suppressed RM and RF at all temperatures, but RB was only suppressed at 15 °C, regardless of the addition of P. The addition of N significantly decreased the ratio of RF/RM at 35 °C, and the combined NP treatment increased the Q10 of RB but not that of RF. Results of the redundancy analysis showed that variations in soil respiration were linked with NO3−-N formation, while the variations in Q10 were linked with SOC complexity. Long-term N addition suppressed RM by the formation of NO3−-N, and this was mediated by fungi rather than bacteria. The contribution of fungi toward SOC decomposition was weakened by N addition and increasing temperatures. Combined NP addition increased the Q10 of RB due to increased SOC complexity. The present study emphasizes the importance of fungi and the soil environment in SOC decomposition. It also highlights that the role of bacteria and SOC quality will be important in the future due to global warming and increasing N deposition.
On a Class of Curvature Properties of Projectively ﬂat Finsler (α,β) -Metric
Authors: Kavyashree A. R. , Y. Kumbar Mallikarjun , Narasimhamurthy S. K. , Kumar H. Anjan 
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study a class of Finsler metric in the form \(F=\alpha+\beta+\frac{2 \beta^{2}}{\alpha}-\frac{\beta^{4}}{3 \alpha^{3}}\) where \(\alpha= \sqrt{a_{i j} y^{i} y^{j}}\) is a Riemannian metric, \(\beta=b_{i} y^{i}\) is a 1−form. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for \(F\) to be locally projectively flat. Further, we prove that such projectively flat Finsler metrics with the constant flag curvature must be locally Minkowskian.
Relationship between Fasting Blood Sugar and Some Haematological Parameters in Diabetic Patients Attending Nigerian Navy Reference Hospital Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Dorathy C. Okpokam, , Beauty E. Echonwere- Uwikor, , Chukwuka O. Opara, , Anthony O. Emeribe 
Published: February 2022

Background of Study: Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Lack of insulin, whether absolute or relative, affects the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, fat, water and electrolytes (Sacks, 2013). Gestational Diabetes develops usually in the second or third trimester, as a result of hormones secreted by the placenta, which inhibit the action of insulin. A survey in Cross River State (CRS) gave a prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at 6.5% in the age group 20 and above. This translates to an estimated 97,500 Diabetics within the population of 3 million.
Aim of Study: This study evaluated fasting blood sugar and some haematological parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus visiting Nigeria Navy Reference Hospital Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study evaluated a total of one hundred (100) subjects (males and females) comprising of diabetic and non-diabetic (controls) subjects using glucose oxidase peroxidase method, and sysmex KX-21N haematology CBC auto analyzer. Patients were aged between 20-55 years of age.
Results: It showed that diabetes patients exhibited significant (p<0.05) decrease in the following parameters compared with the control group:Lymphocyte, Eosinophil and Platelets count. The Total White Blood Cells, Neutrophil, Monocyte, Basophil and FBS did not vary between the diabetes patients and the control group and only platelet established significant relationship in terms of age compared with other parameters. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that there is a statistically significant increases (P<0.05) in platelet in the males compared with the females. Also, diabetic patients showed no significant in PCV and Hb value than the control subject.
Conclusion: It is important that haematological profile should be included as a routine screening investigation to diagnose diabetic patient and treat accordingly. Full blood count as one of the routine laboratory tests is required in the management of diabetic patients.