bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Closer Look at Chemotherapy-Induced Flagellate Dermatitis
Authors: Constantinou A. , Kotecha D. , Laouris P. , de Paula B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Flagellate dermatitis (FD) is a rare skin rash, which may occur following the administration of antineoplastic agents. It has been reported following the administration of bleomycin, docetaxel, trastuzumab, cisplatin, bendamustine and doxorubicin. We provide a summary of the epidemiology, aetiology, pathophysiology, and distribution of chemotherapy-induced FD.

Methods
PubMed was searched using ((flagellat*) AND (Dermat*)) OR ((Flagellat*) AND (Erythema)). The search yielded 206 publications, out of which 54 individual case reports were identified which fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed where appropriate.

Results
Female patients were slightly more likely to develop FD compared to males. In the majority of cases FD appeared on the upper and lower limbs and pruritus was an accompanying feature in 51% of cases. Most cases developed after the first cycle of chemotherapy and females were statistically more likely to present within the first 72 hr (p &lt;0.05). Skin biopsies were taken in 41% of cases and this was not statistically associated with the patient’s gender, (p = 0.651), presentation within 72 hr (p = 0.076) or cancer diagnosis. Chemotherapy was stopped in 62% of patients and was associated with female gender (p = 0.0098). Most patients who received treatment were managed with topical steroids. Time for rash resolution ranged from a few weeks to four months following the discontinuation of the causative drug.

Conclusion
FD is a rare adverse skin effect of chemotherapeutic treatment, most commonly presenting on the upper and lower limbs of patients following their first cycle of chemotherapy. Early presentation is more common in females leading to increased likelihood of stopping chemotherapy. Biopsy findings poorly correlate with disease severity. Continuation of chemotherapy treatment in combination with topical steroids may not adversely affect rash resolution.
Severe Childhood Lichen Planus Pemphigoides after Hepatitis a Vaccination
Authors: Lahouel M. , Aounallah A. , Mokni S. , Sriha B. , Belajouza C. , Denguezli M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Lichen planus (LP) pemphigoides (LPP) is a very rare autoimmune bullous disorder, that is, exceptional in children.

Case Report
We report a case of LP pemphigoides with severe cutaneous and mucosal involvement in an 8-year-old girl who consulted for multiple vesicular and bullous lesions associated with shiny erythematous-purple plaques. The eruption occurred 2 months after vaccination against hepatitis A virus. The diagnosis of LP pemphigoides was confirmed by histopathology and immunofluorescence examination. The patient received oral corticosteroid therapy with rapid improvement.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first report of LPP following hepatitis A vaccination, among adults and children.
g‐C3N4 Homophase Junction with High Crystallinity Using MoS2 as Cocatalyst for Robust Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Pollutant Degradation
Authors: Liu Ying , Han Jun , Zeng Xianpeng , Tian Zongju , Yu Feifan , Sun Xiyin , Liu Qinghua , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe exhibit the reasonable design and architect of MoS2@g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4 hierarchical hetero‐homojunction structure by ultrasonically pulverize and vibrate MoS2 nanoparticles into the ultrasonically exfoliated hierarchical g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4 homojunction slit for efficient organic pollutant photodegradation, where the g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4 homojunction is fabricated using recrystallized urea and recrystallized dicyandiamide as double‐source precursor for better photogenerated charges separation and transfer. Oil bath thermal‐treatment enhances the interaction between MoS2 nanoparticles and g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4 nanosheets. The distinctive design accelerates the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, provide larger specific surface area and more active sites for organic pollutant degradation. In the composite catalyst, MoS2 serves as the electron convergence center. Profiting from the hetero‐homojunction structural merits, the optimized UOMSHCN‐25 displays excellent photocatalysis activity and high stability for organic pollutant degradation (MO (96.3% within 40 min), Rh B (98.7% within 10 min) and TC (83.9% within 60 min)). Finally, a reasonable photocatalysis mechanism is proposed and discussed in detailed.
Optimising the efficacy of a stress‐reducing psychological intervention using placebo mechanisms: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Salzmann Stefan , Wilhelm Marcel , Schindler Sebastian , Rief Winfried , Euteneuer Frank 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether i) brief videos aiming to optimise outcome expectations would augment the efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and ii) whether participants' characteristics would moderate these effects. Sixty‐eight healthy subjects randomized to one of three experimental manipulations before undergoing a single PMR session either watched i) a video displaying a neutral expert, ii) a video with a warm expert, or iii) were part of an active control condition. Constrained linear mixed models indicated increased relaxation and decreased stress levels for all participants after the PMR session. The primary outcome was the change of perceived relaxation/stress from pre to post. Participants with high neuroticism and trait anxiety indicated an augmented PMR's efficacy and increased outcome expectations when watching the warm expert video compared to the control group or the less warm expert. Brief videos displaying an expert aiming to optimise outcome expectations regarding a brief stress‐reducing psychological intervention may boost or decrease an intervention's efficacy. Effects may depend on the viewer's personality and the (video) expert's communication style.Trial Registration: The study protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the University of Marburg, Germany. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03330431).
Hollow Mesoporous Manganese Oxides: Application in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Qing Xin , Liu Shengli , Yang Dongliang , Dong Xiaochen , Zhang Yewei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe precision, minimal invasiveness, and integration of diagnosis and treatment are critical factors for tumor treatment at the present. Although nanomedicine has shown the potential in tumor precision treatment, nanocarriers with high efficiency, excellent targeting, controlled release, and good biocompatibility still need to be further explored. Hollow mesoporous manganese oxides nanomaterials (HM‐MONs), as an efficient drug delivery carrier, have attracted substantial attention in applications of tumor diagnosis and therapy due to their unique properties, such as tumor microenvironment stimuli‐responsiveness, prominent catalytic activity, excellent biodegradation, and outstanding magnetic resonance imaging ability. The HM‐MONs can not only enhance the therapeutic efficiency but also realize multimodal diagnosis of tumors. Consequently, it is necessary to introduce applications based on HM‐MONs in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, the representative progress of HM‐MONs in synthesis is discussed. Then, several promising applications in drug delivery, bio‐imaging, and bio‐detection are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the anticancer applications are summarized, which is expected to provide meaningful guidance on further research.
Controlled growth of ultrathin ferromagnetic β‐MnSe semiconductor
Authors: Zou Jingyun , Yang Yumeng , Hu Dianyi , Kang Lixing , Zhu Chao , Tian Dan , Lv Xiaodong , Kutty Govindan , Guo Yuxi , Xu Manzhang , Li Fengyu , Hong Guo , Liu Zheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) magnetic crystals with intrinsic ferromagnetism are highly desirable for novel spin‐electronic devices. However, the controllable synthesis of 2D magnets, especially the direct growth of 2D magnets on substrate surfaces, is still a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of ultrathin zinc‐blende phase manganese selenide (β‐MnSe) nanosheets using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The 2D β‐MnSe crystals exhibit distinct ferromagnetic properties with a Curie temperature of 42.3 K. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the ferromagnetic order in β‐MnSe originates from the exchange coupling between the unsaturated Se and Mn atoms. This study presents significant progress in the CVD growth of ultrathin 2D magnetic materials by thinning bulk magnets, and it will pave the way for the building of energy‐efficient spintronic devices in the future.
Uranium induces kidney cells apoptosis via reactive oxygen species generation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in culture
Authors: Hu Qiaoni , Zheng Jifang , Xu Xiao Na , Gu Chaohao , Li Wanting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUranium (U) induces generation of excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is generally considered as a possible mediator of U‐triggered kidney tubular cells injury and nephrotoxicity. Our goal is designed to elucidate that the precise molecular mechanism in ROS downstream is association with U‐induced NRK‐52E cells apoptosis. The results show that U intoxication in NRK‐52E cells reduced cell activity and triggered apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and apoptotic marker cleaved Caspase‐3 expression. U exposure triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is involvement of apoptosis determined by marker molecules including GRP78, PERK, IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, cleaved Caspase‐12, and Caspase‐3. Administration of antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively blocked U‐triggered ROS generation, ER stress, and apoptosis. U contamination evidently decreased the expression of phosphorylation PI3K, AKT, and mTOR and ratios of their respective phosphorylation to the corresponding total proteins. Application of a PI3K activator IGF‐1 significantly abolished these adverse effects of U intoxication on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and subsequently abrogated U‐triggered apoptosis. NAC also effectively reversed down‐regulation of phosphorylated PI3K induced by U exposure. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that U treatment induces NRK‐52E cells apoptosis through ROS production, ER stress, and down‐regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Targeting ROS formation‐, ER stress‐, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway‐mediated apoptosis could be a novel approach for attenuating U‐triggered nephrotoxicity.
Downregulation of estrogen receptor‐α36 expression attenuates metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Ruobing , Chen Jiaming , Yu Haiyan , Wei Zhixuan , Ma Min , Ye Xueyan , Wu Weiqi , Chen Hongfei , Fu Zhengqi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the role of estrogen receptor (ER)‐α36 in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). HCC HepG2 and Huh7 cells with the knocked‐down level of ER‐α36 expression were established. Cell growth and migration of the HepG2 and Huh7 cell variants were studied using MTS, transwell, and wound‐healing assays, and the metastatic abilities of HepG2 cell variants were examined using a tail‐vein injection model in nude mice. Levels of EMT markers, Src phosphorylation in HepG2 and Huh7 cell variants, and tumors formed by HepG2 cell variants in the nude mice were examined using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. We found that the growth and metastatic abilities of HepG2 and Huh7 cells with the knocked‐down level of ER‐α36 expression (HepG2/Si36 and Huh7/Si36) were significantly reduced, with increased levels of cytokeratin and E‐Cadherin expression, and decreased levels of Vimentin, Snail, Slug and the Src phosphorylation, compared to the HCC cells transfected with an empty vector (HepG2/Vector and Huh7/Vector). We also found ER‐α36 knockdown suppressed the lung metastasis of HepG2 cells with the involvement of EMT and the Src pathway in vivo. The Src inhibitor PP2 suppressed the growth and migration of HepG2/Vector and Huh7/Vector cells with decreased Vimentin, Snail, and Slug and increased cytokeratin and E‐Cadherin expressions, but failed to induce the migration and the EMT markers in HepG2/Si36 and Huh7/Si36 cells. ER‐α36 is involved in the metastasis of HCC cells through the regulation of EMT and the Src signaling pathway.
Strategic shoeing adjustment is imperative in solving complicated hoof problems while managing distal phalanx rotation in a laminitic horse with sheared heels
Authors: Poochipakorn Chanoknun , Sanigavatee Kanokpan , Watchrarat Krisana , Rattanamas Khate , Chanda Metha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA 22‐year‐old gelding pony, diagnosed with bilateral chronic laminitis and sheared heels, underwent strategic shoeing management to solve the complicated hoof problems in both front legs. The left hoof was shod with a conventional bar shoe with an unsupported toe, while a modified Z‐bar shoe with an unsupported toe was applied on the right front hoof. The severity of lameness declined following the application of the two different shoeing styles, although the sheared heel condition was improved only in the right forelimb. Accidental nailing into the compromised medial hoof wall occurred, causing lameness in the right front hoof. Orthopaedic casting tape and the conventional bar shoe with the unsupported toe were applied, decreasing the lameness severity in the affected hoof. Strategic shoeing adjustments are essential in solving complicated hoof problems while managing distal phalanx rotation in a laminitic horse with sheared heels.
Quasi-normal modes and microscopic description of 2D black holes
Authors: Cadoni M. , Oi M. , Sanna A. P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigate the possibility of using quasi-normal modes (QNMs) to probe the microscopic structure of two-dimensional (2D) anti-de Sitter (AdS2) dilatonic black holes. We first extend previous results on the QNMs spectrum, found for external massless scalar perturbations, to the case of massive scalar perturbations. We find that the quasi-normal frequencies are purely imaginary and scale linearly with the overtone number. Motivated by this and extending previous results regarding Schwarzschild black holes, we propose a microscopic description of the 2D black hole in terms of a coherent state of N massless particles quantized on a circle, with occupation numbers sharply peaked on the characteristic QNMs frequency $$ \hat{\omega} $$

ω
̂

. We further model the black hole as a statistical ensemble of N decoupled quantum oscillators of frequency $$ \hat{\omega} $$

ω
̂

. This allows us to recover the Bekenstein-Hawking (BH) entropy S of the hole as the leading contribution to the Gibbs entropy for the set of oscillators, in the high-temperature regime, and to show that S = N. Additionally, we find sub-leading logarithmic corrections to the BH entropy. We further corroborate this microscopic description by outlining a holographic correspondence between QNMs in the AdS2 bulk and the de Alfaro-Fubini-Furlan conformally invariant quantum mechanics. Our results strongly suggest that modelling a black hole as a coherent state of particles and as a statistical ensemble of decoupled harmonic oscillators is always a good approximation in the large black-hole mass, large overtone number limit.
Rho Kinases in Embryonic Development and Stem Cell Research
Authors: Shi Jianjian , Wei Lei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases (ROCKs or Rho kinases) belong to the AGC (PKA/PKG/PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases and are major downstream effectors of small GTPase RhoA, a key regulator of actin-cytoskeleton reorganization. The ROCK family contains two members, ROCK1 and ROCK2, which share 65% overall identity and 92% identity in kinase domain. ROCK1 and ROCK2 were assumed to be functionally redundant, based largely on their major common activators, their high degree kinase domain homology, and study results from overexpression with kinase constructs or chemical inhibitors. ROCK signaling research has expanded to all areas of biology and medicine since its discovery in 1996. The rapid advance is befitting ROCK’s versatile functions in modulating various cell behavior, such as contraction, adhesion, migration, proliferation, polarity, cytokinesis, and differentiation. The rapid advance is noticeably driven by an extensive linking with clinical medicine, including cardiovascular abnormalities, aberrant immune responsive, and cancer development and metastasis. The rapid advance during the past decade is further powered by novel biotechnologies including CRISPR-Cas and single cell omics. Current consensus, derived mainly from gene targeting and RNA interference approaches, is that the two ROCK isoforms have overlapping and distinct cellular, physiological and pathophysiology roles. In this review, we present an overview of the milestone discoveries in ROCK research. We then focus on the current understanding of ROCK signaling in embryonic development, current research status using knockout and knockin mouse models, and stem cell research.
The microbiota–gut–brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice
Authors: Chakrabarti Anirikh , Geurts Lucie , Hoyles Lesley , Iozzo Patricia , Kraneveld Aletta D. , La Fata Giorgio , Miani Michela , Patterson Elaine , Pot Bruno , Shortt Colette , Vauzour David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe gut and brain link via various metabolic and signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, brain and cognitive health. Over the past decade, the involvement of the gut microbiota in gut–brain communication has become the focus of increased scientific interest, establishing the microbiota–gut–brain axis as a field of research. There is a growing number of association studies exploring the gut microbiota’s possible role in memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention is now turning to how the microbiota can become the target of nutritional and therapeutic strategies for improved brain health and well-being. However, while such strategies that target the gut microbiota to influence brain health and function are currently under development with varying levels of success, still very little is yet known about the triggers and mechanisms underlying the gut microbiota’s apparent influence on cognitive or brain function and most evidence comes from pre-clinical studies rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling the knowledge gaps requires establishing a standardised methodology for human studies, including strong guidance for specific focus areas of the microbiota–gut–brain axis, the need for more extensive biological sample analyses, and identification of relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements are new advanced models for in vitro and in vivo studies of relevant mechanisms, and a greater focus on omics technologies with supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) to efficiently translate study findings, as well as the identification of relevant targets in study populations. The key to building a validated evidence base rely on increasing knowledge sharing and multi-disciplinary collaborations, along with continued public–private funding support. This will allow microbiota–gut–brain axis research to move to its next phase so we can identify realistic opportunities to modulate the microbiota for better brain health.
Correlates and impact of DSM-5 binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and recurrent binge eating: a representative population survey in a middle-income country
Authors: Appolinario Jose C. , Sichieri Rosely , Lopes Claudia S. , Moraes Carlos E. , da Veiga Gloria V. , Freitas Silvia , Nunes Maria A. A. , Wang Yuan-Pang , Hay Phillipa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN) and recurrent binge eating (RBE) are binge eating spectrum conditions causing a significant impact in individual’s health and functioning. Information regarding those conditions came mostly from high-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM-5 BED, BN and RBE and correlates in a representative sample from a metropolitan area of a middle-income country.

Methods
The data were obtained from a cross-sectional population-based household survey in two stages in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Noninstitutionalized residents aged 18–60 years were assessed by lay interviewers using the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-5 (QEWP-5). Positive cases and a paired sample screen-negative cases were reassessed by phone with the Eating Disorders Section of SCID-I-P (adapted for DSM-5). The data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020.

Results
Overall, 2297 individuals were interviewed. Prevalence of BED was 1.4%, BN 0.7%, RBE 6.2%. Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and ADHD were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE than in people without these eating problems. Several medical conditions, when controlling for body mass index, were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE. People with BED and BN had marked impairments in work/school, social and family life, reduced mental and physical HRQoL and under half had sought treatment.

Conclusion
As in high income countries, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, BED, BN and RBE are prevalent conditions and are associated with elevated BMI, functional impairment, psychiatric and medical comorbidity and poorer HRQoL.
Lateral flow–based nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2 using enzymatic incorporation of biotin-labeled dUTP for POCT use
Authors: Agarwal Saloni , Warmt Christian , Henkel Joerg , Schrick Livia , Nitsche Andreas , Bier Frank F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe degree of detrimental effects inflicted on mankind by the COVID-19 pandemic increased the need to develop ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment-free, and Deliverable) POCT (point of care testing) to overcome the current and any future pandemics. Much effort in research and development is currently advancing the progress to overcome the diagnostic pressure built up by emerging new pathogens. LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) is a well-researched isothermal technique for specific nucleic acid amplification which can be combined with a highly sensitive immunochromatographic readout via lateral flow assays (LFA). Here we discuss LAMP-LFA robustness, sensitivity, and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 N-gene detection in cDNA and clinical swab-extracted RNA samples. The LFA readout is designed to produce highly specific results by incorporation of biotin and FITC labels to 11-dUTP and LF (loop forming forward) primer, respectively. The LAMP-LFA assay was established using cDNA for N-gene with an accuracy of 95.65%. To validate the study, 82 SARS-CoV-2-positive RNA samples were tested. Reverse transcriptase (RT)-LAMP-LFA was positive for the RNA samples with an accuracy of 81.66%; SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was detected by RT-LAMP-LFA for as low as CT-33. Our method reduced the detection time to 15 min and indicates therefore that RT-LAMP in combination with LFA represents a promising nucleic acid biosensing POCT platform that combines with smartphone based semi-quantitative data analysis.
Graphical abstract