bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary school mathematics and entrance into the STEM professions: a longitudinal study
Authors: Nitzan-Tamar Ortal , Kohen Zehavit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields are in high demand for qualified personnel worldwide, yet drop-out rates of a career path in STEM occur at various points in lifespan. Based on a big-data analysis of 534,590 records retrieved from the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics for several points in time over one and a half decades, the study aims to examine the various pathways of which secondary school students take toward STEM-related careers, and to characterize each pathway based on various demographic and educational factors.

Results
The study presents a three-tier tree, which highlights eight pathways leading to STEM or non-STEM bachelor's degrees. An important finding is the recognition of a non-linear pathway, demonstrating the biggest ‘leak’ from STEM in secondary school to non-STEM in higher education. Further, findings indicate that choosing advanced mathematics, majoring in physics and computer science in secondary school, and excelling in mathematics or science major at secondary school, have a lasting effect on STEM persistence in higher education. Additionally, males and non-minorities populations have the highest likelihood of choosing STEM for future studies.

Conclusions
The study contributes theoretically to broadening the conceptualization of various pathways toward pursuing a STEM career across important choice stages in people’s lifespan. Moreover, the study provides insight into the long-term effect of education choices made in secondary school, as well as demographic and educational factors, on future choice for study.
Evaluations of the performances of PET and MRI in a simultaneous PET/MRI instrument for pre-clinical imaging
Authors: Pollard Alyssa C. , de la Cerda Jorge , Schuler F. William , Kingsley Charles V. , Gammon Seth T. , Pagel Mark D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
PET/MRI is an attractive imaging modality due to the complementary nature of MRI and PET. Obtaining high quality small animal PET/MRI results is key for the translation of novel PET/MRI agents and techniques to the radiology clinic. To obtain high quality imaging results, a hybrid PET/MRI system requires additional considerations beyond the standard issues with separate PET and MRI systems. In particular, researchers must understand how their PET system affects the MR acquisitions and vice versa. Depending on the application, some of these effects may substantially influence image quality. Therefore, the goal of this report is to provide guidance, recommendations, and practical experiments for implementing and using a small animal PET/MRI instrument.

Results
Various PET and MR image quality parameters were tested with their respective modality alone and in the presence of both systems to determine how the combination of PET/MRI affects image quality. Corrections and calibrations were developed for many of these effects. While not all image characteristics were affected, some characteristics such as PET quantification, PET SNR, PET spatial resolution, PET partial volume effects, and MRI SNR were altered by the presence of both systems.

Conclusions
A full exploration of a new PET/MRI system before performing small animal PET/MRI studies is beneficial and necessary to ensure that the new instrument can produce highly accurate and precise PET/MR images.
Assessment of Physical, Technical, and Tactical Analysis in the Australian Football League: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vella Andrew , Clarke Anthea C. , Kempton Thomas , Ryan Samuel , Coutts Aaron J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Elite Australian Football (AF) match-play requires proficiency in physical, technical, and tactical elements. However, when analysing player movement practitioners commonly exclude technical and tactical considerations, failing to recognise the multifactorial nature of AF match-play and providing little context into the movement requirements of the players.

Objectives
This systematic review aimed to identify the physical, technical, and tactical requirements of the Australian Football League (AFL) and to highlight the importance of integrating data from multiple sources when analysing player output.

Methods
A systematic search of electronic databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) was conducted from January 2009 to June 2022. Keywords relating to physical, technical, and tactical match requirements were used.

Results
Forty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. In isolation, physical requirements were the most analysed construct within the AFL (n = 17), followed by technical (n = 9) and then tactical (n = 6). Thirteen studies integrated physical and technical elements, one study integrated technical and tactical elements, one study integrated physical and tactical elements, and one study integrated all three elements. Movement analysis centred around average ‘whole’ match requirements, whereas technical and tactical match analyses focused on key performance indicators of match performance.

Conclusion
While the physical requirements of the AFL have been well documented, there is little understanding of how player technical output and various team tactics influence player movement requirements. Knowledge of how the elements of AF match-play interact with one another could enhance our understanding of match performance and provide a greater resource for training prescription.
Face masks affect emotion categorisation, age estimation, recognition, and gender classification from faces
Authors: Wong Hoo Keat , Estudillo Alejandro J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough putting on a mask over our nose and mouth is a simple but powerful way to protect ourselves and others during a pandemic, face masks may interfere with how we perceive and recognize one another, and hence, may have far-reaching impacts on communication and social interactions. To date, it remains relatively unknown the extent to which wearing a face mask that conceals the bottom part of the face affects the extraction of different facial information. To address this question, we compared young adults’ performance between masked and unmasked faces in four different tasks: (1) emotion recognition task, (2) famous face recognition and naming test, (3) age estimation task, and (4) gender classification task. Results revealed that the presence of face mask has a negative impact on famous face recognition and emotion recognition, but to a smaller extent on age estimation and gender classification tasks. More interestingly, we observed a female advantage in the famous face recognition and emotion recognition tasks and a female own-gender bias in gender categorisation and age estimation tasks. Overall, these findings allude to the lack of malleability of the adulthood face recognition and perceptual systems.
Contextual anaesthesia for a rare case of pycnodysostosis with myriad presentation: a case report
Authors: Kadni Reena Ravindra , L G Shyamasundar , Rao Pooja , Zachariah Varghese K. , Pushpavathi Priya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Pycnodysostosis is a rare inherited syndrome characterized by classical craniofacial defects and diffuse osteosclerosis disorder of bones with tendency for fractures after minor trauma.
We describe the anaesthetic management of a parturient with pycnodysostosis with dual concerns of precious pregnancy and a fractured femur.

Case presentation
A 33-year-old primigravida with 31 weeks of gestation presented with subtrochanteric fracture of left femur. Clinico-radiological features of diffuse osteosclerosis suggested a diagnosis of pycnodysostosis, which was confirmed by genetic testing. We encountered challenges for sequential surgeries of lower segment caesarean section, surgical fixation of the fractured femur and surgical wound debridement in this patient in view of a difficult airway, short stature, physiological changes of pregnancy, difficulties in positioning and possibility of increased blood loss. A combination of general anaesthesia with either neuraxial anaesthesia or regional block was performed, which helped in the safe management of this syndromic patient.

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary team dynamics, communication and expertise played a crucial role in the successful care of the patient. Planning anaesthesia contextually for each surgical setting was vital. Anaesthetic gadgets like fibre-optic bronchoscope and ultrasound were a boon to anaesthesiologist at every surgical procedure to aid the anaesthetic plan.
Clinical evaluation of suture materials for transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tear
Authors: Hiranaka Takaaki , Furumatsu Takayuki , Okazaki Yuki , Kintaka Keisuke , Kamatsuki Yusuke , Zhang Ximing , Xue Haowei , Hamada Masanori , Ozaki Toshifumi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
There are no recommendations for specific suture materials in transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears using ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene sutures and suture tape.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the data of 36 patients (27 women and 9 men, mean age 64.1 years) who had undergone transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears between November 2018 and December 2019. Two groups of 18 patients each received either two different cord-like sutures or suture tape. Clinical parameters were assessed preoperatively and on second-look arthroscopy (mean postoperative period 12 months). The meniscal healing status was assessed using a previously published scoring system (ranging from 0 to 10), and the incidence rate of suture cut-out was assessed on second-look arthroscopy.

Results
All clinical scores significantly improved in both groups, with no significant between-group differences on second-look arthroscopy. The arthroscopic meniscal healing scores significantly differed between sutures (mean 6.7 points) and suture tape (mean 7.4 points; p = 0.044). No significant between-group difference in the suture cut-out rate was observed.

Conclusions
This study found no significant differences in the clinical outcomes between ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene sutures and suture tape. Favorable clinical outcomes were obtained using both types of suture; however, the usefulness of suture tape appears to be limited.
Assessing the determinants of government spending efficiency in Africa
Authors: Adegboye Abiodun , Akinyele Olawale Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGovernment spending is one of the vital ways for the provision of public goods and services with a view of improving citizens' well-being. African countries have been identified by international bodies as naturally endowed with resources that serve as major financiers for many African governments yet, most countries in Africa are ranked low in human development. Though the nature of many governments is hinged on the quality of life, however, the reverse is the case for many African countries. Low development indicators as against huge African governments spending indicates low efficiency in spending. Hence, this study assesses the efficiency of government spending in Africa and examines the drivers of government spending efficiency. Adopts SFA to assess government spending efficiency while TFE model was used to examine the relationship between government spending efficiency and its drivers. Owing to macrodata adopted in the study, it accounts for the second-generation panel unit root and uses panel corrected standard error to correct for cross-sectional dependence among 40 African countries between 2000 and 2020. The frontier result revalidates government spending as an input factor to achieve growing human development in Africa. The result shows that the level of government spending efficiency depends on the size of the economy and other factors. Natural resources could be used to address the burgeon government spending efficiency when effectively utilized. The result shows that colonial legacy has a long-lasting impact on government spending efficiency. These results suggest the need for efficiency of government spending owing burgeon drivers available among African economies. We recommend the need to improve the efficiency of government spending in order to situate framework for Africa development. Effective resources utilization and a strong institutional framework are potential drivers of spending efficiency in African economies. The paper provides an empirical study on the relationship between natural resources, colonial legacy, and government spending efficiency through true fixed effect among African countries.
Comparative evaluation of acute phase proteins by C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) in nonhuman primates and feline carnivores
Authors: Kimura Tohru 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe feasibility of a commercially available assay for C-reactive protein (CRP, CRP for humans: hCRP, and CRP for dogs: vCRP) and a trial reagent of serum amyloid A (SAA, vSAA for animals) were applied to the measurement of acute phase proteins in zoo animals, particularly in nonhuman primates and feline carnivores was evaluate. Results showed that hCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measure CRP and SAA in Haplorhini. There was a highly significant correlation between both parameters with remarkably high correlation coefficient. A higher proportion of Bonnet macaques in Haplorhini, and the linear regression with good correlation between hCRP and vSAA levels were observed. Reference values in healthy Bonnet macaques were hCRP (46.86 ± 30.97 nmol/L) and vSAA (9.06 ± 1.95 μg/mL). Although Ring-tailed lemur, which belonging to Strepsirrhini, showed low vSAA concentrations (reference values: 1.08 ± 0.47 μg/mL), vSAA in patients was apparently elevated. The vCRP and vSAA methods were applicable to measurements of CRP and SAA in feline carnivores for highly significant correlation between both parameters. Theses two methods were also been deteded in lions, tigers and cheetahs. vSAA assays can be applied to measure SAA levels in other carnivores and herbivores. In conclusion, vSAA systems have potential utility as diagnostic tools for health screening and prediction in zoo animals.
A History of Corporate Social Responsibility in Ghana
Authors: AMO-MENSAH MAVIS 
Published: October 2022

There have been several contributions and research perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), however, research suggests that there is paucity of literature on historical accounts on the concept. There is also considerable evidence that the few CSR histories that have been documented have mostly focused on US-based literature. This paper attempts to detail the history of CSR in the Ghanaian context. The paper is a culmination of archival data and academic reviews on the history of CSR as well as interviews conducted with purposely selected informants. An analysis of the historical data revealed three key phases of CSR development in Ghana: the Pre-CSR phase, the Early CSR beginnings phase and the CSR Professionalisation phase. Significantly, this paper contributes to the prevailing CSR management literature, especially on national CSR histories. A thorough review of the literature suggests that there is no documented history on CSR in Ghana. This paper therefore addresses this gap. It contributes to a more distinctive historical understanding of how CSR has evolved from its early days to its current state in Ghana. It further provides useful background context to inform future research, analysis and interpretation.
Avaliação da qualidade de produtos magistrais e fitoterápicos à base de Ginkgo biloba, Passiflora incarnata e Matricaria recutita comercializados no mercado brasileiro e argentino
Authors: Aparecido-Gouveia Edson Junio , Mano-Sousa Brayan Jonas , Chequer Farah Maria Drumond , Duarte-Almeida Joaquim Maurício 
Published: October 2022

Os produtos naturais, além de refletir nossa cultura e tradição, representam uma grande participação no mercado de medicamentos. Dentre as plantas mais usadas, estão Ginkgo biloba, Matricaria recutita e Passiflora incarnata. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade das cápsulas e comprimidos contendo estas plantas, produzidas por farmácias magistrais ou por empresas de fitoterápicos do Brasil e da Argentina, avaliando conforme os parâmetros farmacopeicos e/ou normas vigentes brasileiras. As informações descritas nas embalagens, o peso médio e desvio padrão relativo das cápsulas e comprimidos, análises microscópicas e macroscópicas do seu conteúdo, bem como o perfil fitoquímico por Cromatografia em Camada Delgada e os teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides totais foram avaliados. Nesse estudo foram analisados seis produtos fitoterápicos contendo G. biloba (5 brasileiros e 1 argentino), três à base de M. recutita (todos brasileiros) e cinco contendo P. incarnata (4 brasileiros e 1 argentino). Observou-se que 100% dos produtos não continham o nome do prescritor, em 21,42% faltavam a posologia e 21,46% estavam fora do limite de variação aceitável de peso médio e desvio padrão relativo. Quanto à qualidade, 28,57% deles podem ter sido fraudados por sofisticação e 7,14% das amostras não foram detectados os compostos bioativos. Os resultados mostraram uma negligência ainda existente em relação aos produtos fitoterápicos. Esse estudo mostra uma falha na garantia da qualidade nas matérias-primas e no desenvolvimento do produto fitoterápico. Essa deficiência pode aumentar a taxa de adulteração nesses produtos, comprometendo a eficácia e segurança dos produtos naturais.
Nonlinear and Asymmetric Impact of Oil Prices on Exchange Rates: Evidence from South Asia
Authors: Gao Wenxin , Wen Jun , Zakaria Muhammad , Mahmood Hamid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The study analyses the asymmetric and nonlinear influence of oil price on exchange rates of South Asian countries in time–frequency framework using wavelet technique. For empirical analysis, monthly data are examined from July 1983 to June 2018. Wavelet coherence results show that the variables are in phase, i.e., oil prices and exchange rates are positively correlated. It suggests that oil price influences exchange rates positively. The study also investigates the causal association between oil price and exchange rates using a nonlinear causality test. The results of nonlinear causality show that there is bidirectional causality between oil price and exchange in Bangladesh and India and unidirectional causality from oil price to exchange rate in Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The findings provide some important recommendations to investors and policy makers.
Health in poultry- immunity and microbiome with regard to a concept of one health
Authors: Dunislawska Aleksandra , Pietrzak Elżbieta , Bełdowska Aleksandra , Siwek Maria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The overall concept of OneHealth focuses on health and infectious disease in the context of the relationship between humans, animals, and the environment. In poultry production, there are many opportunities to implement OneHealth by organizing work and introducing appropriate engineering solutions. It is recommended that future research directions include designing and testing solutions to improve air quality and the elimination of antibiotics in the poultry industry. For this to be possible, it is essential to understand the indigenous microbiota of poultry, which plays a crucial role in nutrients, but also restricts the growth of pathogenic organisms. In poultry production, the most important thing is disease control in the herd, high product quality, and product efficiency. Food safety is key for consumers, as some zoonoses are transmitted through the food chain. Moreover, antibiotic resistance of bacteria is becoming a growing threat. For this reason, it is essential to maintain the proper immune status in the herd. Virus disease control in poultry is based on vaccination programs and the maintenance of biosecurity. This chapter aims to present the current state of knowledge in the field of immunity and microbiome of poultry in the context of the OneHealth concept.
The Renaissance Superstructure
Authors: Ng Morgan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Renaissance Superstructure charts the sixteenth-century reinvention of what Morgan Ng calls the superstructure: a typology of elevated defensive corridors that emerged during the Middle Ages and once traversed many European cities. Not unlike private helicopters today, such pathways afforded rulers secure and privileged mobility, enabling them to travel between their urban and extramural strongholds while remaining high above the chaos of the street. Against all odds, superstructures continued to thrive well into the early modern period, despite their military vulnerability in the age of artillery warfare. By morphing from utilitarian defenses into monumental systems of circulation, they served the rising bureaucratic, ritual, and symbolic demands of absolutist courts. The unlikely survival of an obsolescent architecture opens a window onto the complex dynamics of technical evolution and cultural change.
Of Architecture and Hope
Authors: Mohammadi Banafsheh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Of Architecture and Hope: The Citadel Theatre of Edmonton and the Cruel Optimism of a Bygone Petroleum Age explores how one of the largest theaters built in North America in the twentieth century represents a form of petroleum-driven “cruel optimism,” a concept introduced by Lauren Berlant. Drawing upon a wide range of primary sources from the City of Edmonton Archives, the Provincial Archives of Alberta, the University of Alberta Archives, and the private archives of the family of theater cofounder Joe Shoctor, Banafsheh Mohammadi provides a detailed analysis of the design and materials of the Citadel Theatre as a means of examining how they exemplify a distinctive twentieth-century form of petroleum-based aesthetics.
A Comprehensive Cloud Security Model with Enhanced Key Management, Access Control and Data Anonymization Features
Authors: Mini G Venifa , Angel Viji K. S. 
Published: October 2022

A disgusting problem in public cloud is to securely share data based on fine grained access control policies and unauthorized key management. Existing approaches to encrypt policies and data with different keys based on public key cryptosystem are Attribute Based Encryption and proxy re-encryption. The weakness behind approaches is: It cannot efficiently handle policy changes and also problem in user revocation and attribute identification. Even though it is so popular, when employed in cloud it generate high computational and storage cost. More importantly, image encryption is some out complex in case of public key cryptosystem. On the publication of sensitive dataset, it does not preserve privacy of an individual. A direct application of a symmetric key cryptosystem, where users are served based on the policies they satisfy and unique keys are generated by Data Owner (DO). Based on this idea, we formalize a new key management scheme, called Symmetric Chaos Based key Management (SCBKM), and then give a secure construction of a SCBKM scheme called AS-Chaos. The idea is to give some secrets to Key Manager (KM) based on the identity attributes they have and later allow them to derive actual symmetric keys based on their secrets. Using our SCBKM construct, we propose an efficient approach for fine-grained encryption-based access control for data stored in untrusted cloud storage.