bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the potential of Guianese waste fibers from timber production and clearings for the development of local and bio-based insulation fiberboards.
Authors: Bossu Julie , Moreau Jérome , Delisée Christine , Moigne Nicolas Le , Corn Stéphane , Sonnier Rodolphe , Viretto Amandine , Beauchene Jacques , Clair Bruno 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In French Guiana, the development of bio-circular value chains to convert residual biomass into insulation fiberboard represents a promising opportunity to build energy-efficient houses. The objectives of this work are to select and characterize resources of interest and discuss the relationships between fiber properties, manufacturing parameters and fiberboards performances. Five local wood and bark residuals fibers are fractionated and fractions are analyzed by laser granulometry, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC). Fiberboards are produced using a thermomechanical process and their microstructure, thermal and sorption properties are characterized by X-ray microtomography, hot plate technique, and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS). Morphological analysis shows that large and elongated wood fractions allow the formation of thick and cohesive fibrous networks, while the bark small-sized fractions are more difficult to process, requiring more compaction and synthetic fibers as additives. However, despite processing difficulties, bark fiberboards show the best insulation performances, comparable to commercial reference products. In addition, TGA and PCFC tests reveal that bark fibers show better thermal stability and fire behavior compared to wood. Finally, they also show a strong affinity for water, highlighting the need for further investigations on their ageing under tropical conditions of use.
Targeting Labile Iron-Mediated Ferroptosis on Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells Provides a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Cao Ji , Haiying Zhu , Cen Jie , Hong Chenggang , Wang Haiyang , Wen Yuanmei , He Qiaojun , Yu Yongping , Chen Wenteng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global health problem and occurring in a variety of clinical settings. Despite some advances in supportive clinical care, no medicinal intervention has been demonstrated to reliably prevent AKI so far. Thus, it is highly demand to investigate the involved pathophysiology and mechanisms, as well as discover therapeutics on the basis. In this work, an upregulated mRNA level of ferroptosis biomarkers (Ptgs2 and Acsl4), and an elevated renal iron and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were observed in the early stage of murine rhabdomyolysis induced-AKI (RM-AKI), which support a pathogenic role of labile iron-mediated ferroptosis and provide a chance of utilizing iron chelation for RM-AKI preventions. Given that the existing small molecule-based iron chelators did not show promising preventions against RM-AKI, we further designed and synthesized a new hydroxypyridinone-based iron chelators for potently inhibiting labile iron-mediated ferroptosis. And a lead AKI-02 was identified with remarkable protection of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from ferroptosis and excellent iron chelation ability. Moreover, administration of AKI-02 led to a recovery of renal function, which was substantiated by the decreased BUN and creatinine, as well as reduced labile iron level and improved histopathology. Thus, our studies highlighted the targeting labile iron-mediated ferroptosis as a therapeutic benefit against RM-AKI.
Water-food-energy nexus in global cities: solving urban challenging interdependencies together
Authors: Hachaichi Mohamed , Egieya Jafaru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Understanding how water, food, and energy interact in the form of the water-food-energy (WFE) nexus is essential for sustainable development which advocates enhancing human well-being and poverty reduction. Moreover, the application of the WFE nexus has seen diverse approaches to its implementation in cities across the globe. There is a need to optimize knowledge sharing to improve urban information exchange focused on the WFE nexus’ application and impact on the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In this study, Natural language processing (NLP) and affinity propagation algorithm are employed to explore and assess the application of the WFE nexus on a regional basis as well as at city levels. The results show that after the exhaustive search of a database containing 32,736 case studies focusing on 2,233 cities, cities with the most potential to encounter resource shortages (i.e. WFE limitation) are systematically underrepresented in literature (African and Latin American cities). Hence, with regional and topic bias, there is a potential for more mutual learning links between cities that can increase WFE nexus policy exchange between Northern and Southern hemispheres through bottom-up case-study knowledge. In addition, this study shows that Southern hemisphere cities can benefit from knowledge transfer because of their limited urban intelligence programs.
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Nurses in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: nasaif husain , alaradi Maryam , Hammam Ridha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Despite the plethora of studies on obesity in nurses worldwide, there is a paucity of studies in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) including Bahrain. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses in BahrainMethods: We used secondary data from a study that examined musculoskeletal self-reported symptoms among nurses in Bahrain. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was determined by calculating the percentages of BMI using the World Health Organization classification.Results: A total of 550 nurses participated in the study. Most were females (n=488, 89.1%), ages 31 to 40 (n=239, 43.8%). The mean BMI was 26.9 (±4.4). A total of 64.6% of nurses in Bahrain were overweight and obese. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43.2% and 21.4%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is associated with nationality and shift work. Conclusion: We used BMI to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, which is widely used in the literature. However, BMI does not consider muscle mass, bone density, overall body composition, and racial and sex differences. Therefore, in future studies, body fat proportion and muscle mass need to be measured to estimate the prevalence and predict risks for disease development, morbidity, and mortality. Leaders in health care institutions and professional nursing organizations in Bahrain should consider ways to promote nurses’ health by improving working conditions and providing access to facilities that promote health and wellbeing.
Vibration response of the interfaces in multi-layer combined coal and rock mass under impact load
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Guanghao , Xiang Guangyou , Tang Jia , Ren Baorui , Chen Zhibang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The stress wave generated by impact or dynamic load would have significant reflection and transmission at the rock-coal or rock-rock interfaces in the process of propagation, resulting in dynamic effects such as dynamic tensile, stress superposition and mutation. These dynamic effects would lead to obvious vibration at the interfaces which is a key factor leading to dynamic damage and failure of coal and rock mass. In the process of underground engineering excavation, the dynamic damage of a series of layered rock masses is the important factor causing geological disasters. Based on the two-dimensional similar material simulation experiment, the coal and rock mass combined by five layers of fine sandstone, medium sandstone, coal, coarse sandstone and mudstone is taken as the research object, single and multi-point excitation (synchronous / step-by-step) were used to test the time-history vibration curves of rock-coal and rock-rock interfaces under impact load. It was concluded that the change of extreme value of vibration amplitude presented two stages: first increase and then attenuation. Most of them needed 2.25 cycles to reach the peak value, and the dynamic attenuation of amplitude conformed to the law of exponential. Based on Fast Fourier transform (FFT), the spectrum structures of amplitude-frequency of interfaces vibration were studied, and the two predominant frequencies were 48.9Hz~53.7Hz and 92.4Hz respectively. Based on Hilbert-Huang transform and energy equation, 5~7 vibration modes (IMF) were obtained respectively by decomposing the time-history curves. The three modes IMF1、IMF2、IMF3 contained high energy and were effective vibration modes. IMF2 accounted for the highest proportion and was the main vibration mode whose predominant frequencies were concentrated in 45.6Hz~50.2Hz. Therefore, IMF2 played a decisive role in the whole vibration process and had an important impact on the dynamic response, damage and failure of coal and rock mass. In real condition, the actual predominant frequencies could be converted according to the size and mechanical properties of coal and rock mass, and the vibration response characteristics of the interfaces between coal and rock mass under impact load were preliminarily revealed.
A Vulnerability Detection Approach for Automated Smart Contract Using Enhanced Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sosu Rexford Nii Ayitey , Chen Jinfu , Brown-Acquaye William , Owusu Ebenezer , Boahen Edward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A typical contract would necessitate the use of an intermediary, make a payment to them, then wait for the record to return. Through a smart contract, though, it is as easy as putting the bitcoin into the vending machine, and the products would be published instantly. Smart contracts are Blockchain-based autonomous software. On Ethereum, a vast number of smart contracts have been deployed. Meanwhile, transaction security vulnerabilities have resulted in significant financial damages and have harmed the contract layer’s ecological integrity on Blockchain. As a result, detecting contract bugs reliably and efficiently is a new yet critical problem. Currently, available identification approaches, such as Oyente and Securify, depend primarily on symbolic execution or analysis. Since symbolic execution necessitates the discovery of all executable routes or the study of dependence diagrams in a contract, these approaches are time-consuming. In this paper, we suggest SmartPol, a machine learning-based method for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contracts. First, we use a data pre-processor to clean up the data before extracting features and classifying them. Second, we present a PSOGSA-based method for data optimisation and function extraction and a TSVM-based approach for semi-supervised learning classification models to identify smart contract vulnerabilities automatically. On EtherScan, SmartPol was used to test 49512 real-world smart contracts. The experimental findings show SmartPol’s reliability and efficacy. When we use PSOGSA for function extraction and TSVM classification sets, SmartPol’s predictive precision and accuracy are over 96%, and the average prediction time is 4 seconds on each smart contract.
Factors and outcomes of stress ulcer related gastrointestinal bleeding in various intensive care units: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Qiang Huang , Jin-mei Sun , Yan-fei Han , Yong-bo Zhang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences of risk factors and outcomes between stress ulcer (SU) patients from neurocritical care unit (NCU) and those from general intensive care unit (GICU).MethodsThe study included consecutive SU patients admitted in our hospital from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2020. Clinically important stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding (CIB) and death at discharge were chosen as primary endpoints. Pearson Chi-Square test, or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences of corresponding variables between groups, and multiple logistic regression modals were performed to detect risk factors of primary endpoint events.ResultsA total of 261 eligible SU patients (149 from NCU group and 112 from GICU group) were enrolled, with 88 (33.7%) women and a median age of 65(53–76) years. 136 (52.1%) SU patients experienced CIB, with 68 cases in each group. Compared with the SU patients from GICU, the patients from NCU were older and had a higher proportion of hypertension and previous stroke (all P < 0.05), but a lower rate of coronary heart disease, previous peptic ulcer disease, administration of glucocorticoids or the equivalent, hepatic failure, renal failure, and coagulopathy (all P < 0.05). Similarly, the CIB patients from NCU group had a higher rate of previous stroke, but a lower rate of coronary heart disease, administration of glucocorticoids or the equivalent, renal failure, and coagulopathy, compared with those CIB patients from GICU group (all P < 0.05). A significantly lower mortality was observed in SU patients from NCU group than those from GICU group (16.2% versus 29.7%, P = 0.009), while there was no significant difference for death of CIB patients between NCU group and GICU group (30.9% versus 41.8%, P = 0.188). Four independent risk factors of death, including administration of glucocorticoids or the equivalent, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.439 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.131 to 5.259, blood transfusion (OR = 3.329, 95%CI, 1.558–7.112), respiratory failure (OR = 3.405, 95%CI,1.610–7.198), and CIB (OR = 3.793, 95%CI, 1.529–9.414) were identified in the multiple logistic regression modal. The use of nasogastric tube (OR = 5.209, 95%CI, 2.820–9.620), respiratory failure (OR = 3.672, 95%CI, 1.620–8.325) and international standardized ratio＞1.5 (OR = 2.119, 95CI, 1.023–4.389) were associated with a greater risk of CIB, while SU prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors (OR = 0.277;95%CI, 0.100-0.768) served as the only protective factor for CIB.ConclusionCIB was a serious complication that increased the risk of death similarly for critically ill patients both from NCU and GICU, and SU prophylaxis could help to decrease CIBs. The use of nasogastric tube, respiratory failure and INR＞1.5 were associated with a higher risk of CIB.
Combined Metabolic Activators Improves Cognitive Functions in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Authors: YULUG BURAK , ALTAY OZLEM , LI XIANGYU , HANOGLU LUTFU , CANKAYA SEYDA , LAM SIMON , VELIOGLU HALIL AZIZ , YANG HONG , COSKUN EBRU , IDIL EZGI , NOGAYLAR RAHIM , OZSIMSEK AHMET , BAYRAM CEMIL , BOLAT ISMAIL , ONER SENA , TOZLU OZLEM OZDEMIR , ARSLAN MEHMET ENES , HACIMUFTUOGLU AHMET , YILDIRIM SERKAN , ARIF MUHAMMAD , SHOAIE SAEED , ZHANG CHENG , NIELSEN JENS , TURKEZ HASAN , BOREN JAN , UHLEN MATHIAS , Mardinoglu Adil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with metabolic abnormalities linked to critical elements of neurodegeneration. We recently administrated Combined Metabolic Activators (CMA) to the AD rat model and observed that administration of CMA activated the mitochondrial functions and eventually improved the AD-associated histological parameters in the animals. CMA consists of NAD+ and glutathione precursors and includes L-serine, nicotinamide riboside, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and L-carnitine tartrate.Methods:Here, we designed a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II trial and studied the effect of CMA administration on the global metabolism of AD patients. The primary endpoint was on the difference in cognitive and daily living activity scores between the placebo and the treatment arms. The secondary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of CMA. We also performed a comprehensive human plasma metabolome and proteome analysis.Results:Based on our analysis, weshowed a significant decrease of ADAS-Cog scores on Day 84 vs Day 0 (p=0.00001, 29% improvement) in the CMA group. Moreover, there was a significant enhancement (p=0.0073) in ADAS-Cog scores between CMA and placebo groups in patients with higher ADAS-Cog scores. Improved cognitive functions were endorsed with relevant hippocampal volumes and cortical thickness alterations. Moreover, the plasma levels of proteins and metabolites associated with NAD+ and glutathione metabolism are significantly improved after treatment.Conclusion:In conclusion, our results show that treating AD patients with CMA leads to enhanced cognitive functions associated with the improved metabolome, proteome and structural neuroimaging parameters, suggesting a role for such a therapeutic regimen in treating patients, especially with severe AD.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04044131 Registered 17 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04044131
Wake-riding effect-inspired opto-hydrodynamic diatombot for non-invasive trapping and removal of nano-biothreats
Authors: Xin Hongbao , Xiong Jianyun , Shi Yang , Pan Ting , Lu Dengyun , He Ziyi , Wang Danning , Li Xing , Zhu Guoshuai , Li Baojun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Contamination of nano-biothreats, such as viruses, mycoplasmas, and pathogenic bacteria, is widespread in cell cultures and greatly threats many cell-based biomanufacturing and therapeutics. However, non-invasive trapping and removal of such biothreats during cell culturing is of great challenge. Here, inspired by wake-riding effect, we report a biocompatible opto-hydrodynamic diatombot (OHD) based on optical trapping navigated rotational diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin) for non-invasive trapping and removal of nano-biothreats. Combining the wake-riding effect and optical trapping, this rotational OHD enables trapping of bio-targets down to sub-100 nm. Different nano-biothreats, such as adenoviruses, pathogenic bacteria, and mycoplasmas, were first demonstrated to be effectively trapped and removed by the OHD, without affecting culturing cells. The removal efficiency was greatly enhanced via reconfigurable OHD array construction. Importantly, these OHDs show remarkable antibacterial capability, and further facilitate targeted gene delivery. This OHD provides a new method for effective trapping of nano-objects in bio-microenvironment, and serves as a smart micro-robotic platform for non-invasive and active removal of nano-biothreats in cell cultures, with great promises for benefiting cell-based biomanufacturing and single-cell therapy.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among taxi drivers in Yaoundé, Cameroon: Preventive effect of physical activity
Authors: Tchounga Chrystelle Cassandre Ngatcha , Kenfack Marcel Azabji , Guessogo Wiliam Richard , Ndongo Jerson Mekoulou , Lele Claude Elysée Bika , Ayina Clarisse Noël Ayina , Temfemo Abdou , Bongue Bienvenu , Mandengue Samuel Honoré , Ngoa Laurent Serge Etoundi , Ndemba Peguy Brice Assomo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are very common conditions in the workplace. Among professional drivers, there would be an increased risk of developing these affections. Identifying the associated factors would help to better devise effective prevention strategies. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of MSDs among taxi drivers in the city of Yaoundé and to study the associated factors, mainly the physical activity level. Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study of 151 adult male taxi drivers. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and work-related data were collected. MSDs over the past 12 months were assessed using the Nordic Questionnaire and physical activity level was determined by the WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of MSDs was 86.8%; the most affected areas were mainly the lower back (72.8%), the nape of the neck and the neck (42.4%), and the knees (29.1%). Job tenure greater than 12 years was associated with MSDs (OR = 2.5, P = 0.059). Age over 39 (OR = 2) and obesity (OR = 2.04) increased the risk of MSDs in our study population, but these associations were not significant. Most taxi drivers (62.9%) had a low physical activity level and no association was found between the physical activity level and MSDs. Furthermore, we did not find any other significantly associated factors among the variables studied. Conclusions: MSDs are common ailments among taxi drivers in Cameroon. It is therefore necessary to better identify its associated factors in order to devise good prevention strategies.
Demonstration of Graphene-Assisted Tunable Surface Plasmonic Resonance Sensor Using Machine Learning Model
Authors: Rastogi Kushagra , Sharma Anuj K , Prajapati Yogendra Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work illustrates the viability of optics ideas using a machine learning (ML) technique to choose the optimal SPR sensor for a particular set of structural parameters. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is utilized in conjunction with an ML model to design a tunable surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) sensor. A trained ML model is applied to the PSO algorithm to develop the SPR sensor with the desired sensing performance. Using a learned ML model to forecast sensor performance rather than sophisticated electromagnetic calculation techniques allows the PSO algorithm to optimize solutions four orders of magnitude faster. This composite algorithm's implementation enabled us to rapidly and precisely create an SPR sensor with a sensitivity of 68.754 ᵒ/RIU and having an impressive figure of merit of 100. We anticipate that this effective and precise method will pave the way for the future development of plasmonic devices.
Maternal temperature stress modulates acclimation and thermal biology in Octopus maya (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) juvenile progeny
Authors: Vargas-Abúndez Jorge Arturo , Plata-Díaz Alejandra , Mascaró Maite , Caamal-Monsreal Claudia , Rodríguez-Fuentes Gabriela , Jiménez-Be Alejandro , Rosas Carlos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
High temperatures alter the physiological condition of Octopus maya embryos, juveniles, and adults, and the time of exposure could have a key role in their thermal tolerance. The present study evaluates the effects of temperature and exposure time on octopus juveniles obtained from thermal-stressed and non-stressed females when exposed to optimal (25°C) and high temperatures (30°C) for 20 and 30 days, respectively. The results showed a transgenerational temperature effect that was expressed with low survival, depressed routine resting and high metabolic rates. Moreover, a collapse of antioxidant defense enzymes and high radical oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected in juveniles from thermally stressed females. Stress was lethal for animals acclimated at 30°C, while the performance of juveniles acclimated at optimal temperature (25°C) was conditioned by high ROS and low high metabolic rate (HMR) levels even after 30 days of experiment. In contrast, juveniles from non-thermally stressed females had an optimal performance when acclimated at 25°C but at 30°C, they had a comparatively higher HMR during the first eight days. These results suggest energy surplus in those animals to escape from warming scenarios before experiencing ROS accumulation. Further studies should confirm if epigenetic alterations could be involved.