bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Potency of Selenium-Enriched Probiotic Mutants in Mice with Induced Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Khattab Abd El-Nasser , Darwish Ahmed M. , Othman Sarah I. , Allam Ahmed A. , Alqhtani Haifa A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum mutants were used as a protector against Piroxicam-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, 32 BALB/c male mice were distributed to four groups: the control group, the Piroxicam group which was given 0.8 mg Piroxicam, SP and SB groups which were given 0.8 mg Piroxicam, and plus Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum selenium-enriched mutants, respectively. Bodyweight; serum content of IgG, IgM, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10; CBC; myeloperoxidase enzyme activity; histopathological examination of colon and spleen; and expression of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 genes in colon and spleen with qRT-PCR were determined. Bodyweight was found to reduce in the Piroxicam group and then recovery in the SB group. Serum content of IgG, IL-2, and IL-10 reduced in the Piroxicam group, whereas IgG, TNF-α, and IL-6 increased in the Piroxicam group in comparison to the other groups. Myeloperoxidase activity witnessed a significant increase in the Piroxicam group compared with the other groups. No significant differences were observed between all groups in measurements of red cells, hemoglobin, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil in blood. Meanwhile, the white blood cells and platelets recorded the highest and lowest value, respectively, in the Piroxicam group. The colon of the Piroxicam group showed a noticeably massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. These inflammations were mildly reduced in the SP group, while the reduction in the SB group was significant. In the Piroxicam group, splenic parenchyma saw an increase in the number of melanomacrophages, while hypertrophic plasma cells were observed in the SP group. The spleen of the SB group exhibits a nearly normal form. TNF-α and IL-6 genes had significantly upregulated in the colon of the Piroxicam group compared to the control group, while they were significantly downregulated in the SB group. In contrast, IL-2 and IL-10 genes had upregulated in the colon of the SB group compared to the control groups, while they had downregulated in the Piroxicam group. The expression of these genes had not recorded significant differences between all groups in the spleen. Therefore, this study recommends Bifidobacterium longum selenium-enriched mutants as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory supplements.
Klinische uitkomsten na implantatie van een speciaal voor de falloplastiek ontwikkelde erectieprothese
Authors: Pigot Garry L. S. , van Leeuwen Joost W. , de Rooij Freek P. W. , Ronkes Brechje L. , van der Sluis Wouter B. , Bouman Mark-Bram 
Published: February 2022

SamenvattingDit artikel beschrijft de klinische uitkomsten na implantatie van de erectieprothese voor de falloplastiek bij transmannen. Bijgehouden zijn hun demografische gegevens, type prothese (hydraulisch of semirigide), operatieve gegevens en intra- en postoperatieve complicaties. Daarnaast werd nagegaan hoeveel procent van de mannen seksueel actief was met penetratieve seks. Van de 18 semirigide erectieprothesen werd er één verwijderd vanwege dreigende erosie en werden er vier gewisseld naar de hydraulische. Van deze 42 werden er vier (9,5%) verwijderd vanwege een infectie, bij vier mannen werd een (9,5%) langere prothese geplaatst en vonden vijf (11,9%) heroperaties plaats vanwege materiaalproblematiek. Implantatie van de voor falloplastiek ontwikkelde erectieprothese laat gunstige resultaten zien. Het merendeel van de mannen is in staat tot penetratieve seks.
La nutrizione nel paziente oncologico: a che punto siamo?
Authors: Cogorno Ludovica , Poggiogalle Eleonora , Donini Lorenzo M. 
Published: February 2022

SommarioLa prima osservazione che la malnutrizione e la perdita di peso contribuiscano alla morte dei malati di cancro in maniera significativa e indipendentemente dagli effetti del tumore stesso risale a più di 70 anni fa. Da allora l’intervento nutrizionale, inteso sia come screening sia come trattamento medico orientato alla ricerca e alla cura della malnutrizione, ha assunto sempre più significato nella gestione della patologia tumorale. Ciò sia al suo esordio sia durante la naturale evoluzione della malattia, anche quando accompagnata dai trattamenti medici convenzionali (radioterapia, chemioterapia, chirurgia e cure palliative). La nutrizione artificiale nelle sue diverse declinazioni (supplementi nutrizionali orali, nutrizione enterale e parenterale), la farmacoterapia, il protocollo enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) e l’immunonutrizione sono ad oggi gli strumenti a nostra disposizione per invertire o almeno arrestare il processo prima che sopraggiunga la cachessia. Questa breve rassegna nasce con l’intento di descrivere a che punto siamo nel trattamento nutrizionale del paziente oncologico e quali sono ad oggi le evidenze di efficacia dei vari interventi nei diversi momenti di malattia.
Beyond the Classroom: Inspiring Medical and Health Science Students to Learn Surface Anatomy
Authors: Diaz Claudia M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis qualitative and quantitative study offered students the opportunity to participate in engaging and inspiring activities “outside the classroom”, to extend their experience and knowledge of surface anatomy. Medical and health science students benefit from studying surface anatomy as it is relevant to their future professions that deal with patients and clients. Surface anatomy is an essential part of the learning process that allows students an opportunity to identify anatomical structures on living people and to develop their palpation and tactile skills for physical examinations of patients. Body painting is a student-centred, engaging, and motivating approach to learn surface anatomy in anatomy practical classes. In this study, anatomy learning was extended “beyond the classroom” through extra-curricular body painting projects. These projects were run by student teams consisting of a student model, student artists (4–5), and a student photographer, under the direction of the chief investigator. A total of sixteen body painting projects were carried out from 2010 to show the skeletal system, the muscular system, pregnancy, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, and the neurovascular systems of the entire body. A SurveyMonkey of 31/41 active participants suggested that participants enjoyed the projects (94–100%), found them relevant to their future profession (80–87%), and considered them to assist with deeper understanding (94%) and long-term memory (93%) of anatomy. Learning anatomy outside the classroom through extra-curricular body painting projects was a successful way to engage, motivate, and inspire participants and first year anatomy students to study surface anatomy and to develop their physical examination skills.
Experimental determination of wetting behavior under non-atmospheric conditions relevant to reservoirs: a practical guide
Authors: Samara Hanin , Jaeger Philip 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe wetting behavior in subsurface reservoirs plays a crucial role in storage, migration and liberation of fluid phases that are especially relevant to the energy sector. Further, the three-phase contact angle is important for implementing safe and successful subsurface storage of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. For reliable statements on the in situ wetting, it is important to be aware of the decisive factors of influence in order to design and perform the respective experiments in an appropriate way. This paper discusses the most important effects that shall be considered when determining contact angles experimentally, like drop size, surface roughness, aging process, dynamic behavior, and the pH, giving some valuable guidance to guarantee significant results. A drop base diameter of no less than 5 mm is found to be appropriate to minimize the impact of gravity on the contact angle under reservoir conditions. It is further confirmed that surface roughness contributes to better water wetting when the contact angles are below 90°. The versatility of contact angle measurements is shown through the dual-drop dual-crystal method that can be applied to estimate the adhesion forces present at the rock-brine interface and that need to be overcome by the flooding liquid to effectively displace hydrocarbons from the pores.
Indices on cryptocurrencies: an evaluation
Authors: Häusler Konstantin , Xia Hongyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeveral cryptocurrency (CC) indices track the dynamics of the rising CC sector, and soon ETFs will be issued on them. We conduct a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the currently existing CC indices. As the CC sector is not yet consolidated, index issuers face the challenge of tracking the dynamics of a fast-growing sector that is under continuous transformation. We propose several criteria and various measures to compare the indices under review. Major differences between the indices lie in their weighting schemes, their coverage of CCs and the number of constituents, the level of transparency, and thus, their accuracy in mapping the dynamics of the CC sector. Our analysis reveals that simple market cap-weighted indices outperform their competitors. Interestingly, increasing the number of constituents does not automatically lead to a better fit of the CC sector. All codes are available on "Image missing".
Appropriate solid waste management system in Quelimane (Mozambique): study and design of a small-scale center for plastic sorting with wastewater treatment
Authors: Villa Francesca , Vinti Giovanni , Vaccari Mentore 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAppropriate solid waste management (SWM) strategies are necessary to avoid severe environmental and sanitary impacts, especially in low-income countries. Such strategies are most likely to succeed whether implementing actors are supported by scientific research. In this paper, the results of a collaboration between local authorities and researchers are presented and discussed that are the assessment of waste generation in the city of Quelimane (Mozambique), integrating existing and field-collected data and the design of a small-scale center for plastic sorting to complement the SWM system of the city. The center is expected to receive about 0.3–0.4 t/day of plastic waste (5%–7% of the overall amount of plastic waste daily produced in Quelimane). As long-term sustainability represents a typical issue, simplicity of operation was a leading principle in the design of the center; moreover, the design included a treatment plant (WWTP) for generated wastewater, whose management is usually neglected in such interventions. Among others, natural wastewater treatment (constructed wetlands) has been chosen for its affordability. Noteworthy, the so-conceived WWTP appears as a novelty in the scientific literature associated with small-scale plastic sorting plants. The system is designed to treat an average flow of 6 m3/day and consisted of a septic tank followed by a subsurface flow constructed wetland. Overall, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and TSS (total suspended solids) removal higher than 80% and 90% were estimated, respectively. Based on this work, both the center and the WWTP were successfully realized, which are waiting to become operational. In the authors’ opinion, the implemented procedure could become a reference for broader investigations and surveys.
The Italian contribution to the marketing literature
Authors: Galvagno Marco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe the contribution of Italian scholars to the international literature of marketing, and to identify the intellectual structure of Italian scholars’ production, by mapping the co-authorships network and the main researched themes. Results highlight that Italian marketing scholars significantly intensified their productivity in the last ten years from different viewpoints. There has been a growing process of internationalization, a grownup of articles published by multiple co-authors in journals with higher impact factor, and a better performance in terms of citations of Italian papers compared to the international average. These results are all positive signals of a dynamic and developing community.
How a non-conscious robot could be an agent with capacity for morally responsible behaviour
Authors: Søvik Atle Ottesen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeople have different opinions about which conditions robots would need to fulfil—and for what reasons—to be moral agents. Standardists hold that specific internal states (like rationality, free will or phenomenal consciousness) are necessary in artificial agents, and robots are thus not moral agents since they lack these internal states. Functionalists hold that what matters are certain behaviours and reactions—independent of what the internal states may be—implying that robots can be moral agents as long as the behaviour is adequate. This article defends a standardist view in the sense that the internal states are what matters for determining the moral agency of the robot, but it will be unique in being an internalist theory defending a large degree of robot responsibility, even though humans, but not robots, are taken to have phenomenal consciousness. This view is based on an event-causal libertarian theory of free will and a revisionist theory of responsibility, which combined explain how free will and responsibility can come in degrees. This is meant to be a middle position between typical compatibilist and libertarian views, securing the strengths of both sides. The theories are then applied to robots, making it possible to be quite precise about what it means that robots can have a certain degree of moral responsibility, and why. Defending this libertarian form of free will and responsibility then implies that non-conscious robots can have a stronger form of free will and responsibility than what is commonly defended in the literature on robot responsibility.
Two Masses in Relative Hooke’s Potential and Elliptic Integrals
Authors: Krasoń Piotr , Milewski Jan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider the relative motion of the system of two masses connected by a spring. We analyze it in a range of the Hooke’s law and show that the equations of the relative motion of the system are nonlinear once the equilibrium length of the spring is nonzero. Although the way of deriving the equations of motion is standard in classical mechanics solving them is a complicated and interesting problem of mathematical physics. The analysis leads naturally to elliptic integrals. We obtain complete formulas in an interesting, from both mathematical and physical point of view, way. Our analysis might be useful in some problems of molecular dynamics of diatomic molecules.
Climate change and the assemblages of school leaderships
Authors: Everth Thomas , Bright Ria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change and the necessary transformation of society to mitigate its consequences constitutes an unprecedented educational challenge. Responding to the climate emergency and to society’s awakening climate activism generates a complex situation for school leadership in particular. Here, we report findings from our research with climate activist students and teachers in Aotearoa New Zealand. We argue that school leadership plays a crucial role in enabling student and teacher agency and the development of effective Climate Change Education in schools. We utilise assemblage thinking, situating this within the new materialisms, to conceptualise schools and their leadership as dynamic assemblages, and we discuss teacher and student experiences as actors across such assemblages. We conclude that deterritorialisation and decoding of educational institutions and their leadership practices can promote and enable education to become a driver of the cultural transformation of society that the climate emergency mandates.
A review of propeller stall flutter
Authors: Higgins R.J. , Barakos G.N. , Filippone A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch on propeller performance has been reinvigorated by the development of new classes of vehicles, ranging from electrically powered fixed-wing aircraft, to multi-rotor electrical Vertical Take-off/Landing (eVTOL) vehicles and tilt-rotor aircraft. These types of aircraft utilise a range of modern propellers, often with more advanced planforms and features such as anhedral, and operate in flight envelopes that are outwith the traditional bands of performance. The use of advanced materials (mostly composites), high geometrical sweeps and variable angular velocities are the source of unsteady aerodynamics, that is often coupled with the blade’s structural response. Data from experimental investigations is mostly historic, with the majority of studies conducted before 1960, when aviation shifted rapidly towards jet propulsion. These studies lack in flutter boundary assessment. Modern propellers are likely to be pushed toward their flutter boundaries, but the experimental database published to-date is insufficient to provide flutter boundary assessment. This review examines the value of the available experimental research and the status of the state-of-the-art numerical methods, in order to establish the requirements for modern research on propeller stall flutter.
Deep ancestry of collapsing networks of nomadic hunter–gatherers in Borneo
Authors: Lansing J. Stephen , Jacobs Guy S. , Downey Sean S. , Norquest Peter K. , Cox Murray P. , Kuhn Steven L. , Miller John H. , Malik Safarina G. , Sudoyo Herawati , Kusuma Pradiptajati 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTheories of early cooperation in human society often draw from a small sample of ethnographic studies of surviving populations of hunter–gatherers, most of which are now sedentary. Borneo hunter–gatherers (Punan, Penan) have seldom figured in comparative research because of a decades-old controversy about whether they are the descendants of farmers who adopted a hunting and gathering way of life. In 2018 we began an ethnographic study of a group of still-nomadic hunter–gatherers who call themselves Punan Batu (Cave Punan). Our genetic analysis clearly indicates that they are very unlikely to be the descendants of neighbouring agriculturalists. They also preserve a song language that is unrelated to other languages of Borneo. Dispersed travelling groups of Punan Batu with fluid membership use message sticks to stay in contact, co-operate and share resources as they journey between rock shelters and forest camps. Message sticks were once widespread among nomadic Punan in Borneo, but have largely disappeared in sedentary Punan villages. Thus the small community of Punan Batu offers a rare glimpse of a hunting and gathering way of life that was once widespread in the forests of Borneo, where prosocial behaviour extended beyond the face-to-face community, facilitating successful collective adaptation to the diverse resources of Borneo's forests.
High repetition rate exploration of the Biermann battery effect in laser produced plasmas over large spatial regions
Authors: Pilgram J. J. , Adams M. B. P. , Constantin C. G. , Heuer P. V. , Ghazaryan S. , Kaloyan M. , Dorst R. S. , Schaeffer D. B. , Tzeferacos P. , Niemann C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper we present a high repetition rate experimental platform for examining the spatial structure and evolution of Biermann-generated magnetic fields in laser-produced plasmas. We have extended the work of prior experiments, which spanned over millimeter scales, by spatially measuring magnetic fields in multiple planes on centimeter scales over thousands of laser shots. Measurements with magnetic flux probes show azimuthally symmetric magnetic fields that range from 60 G at 0.7 cm from the target to 7 G at 4.2 cm from the target. The expansion rate of the magnetic fields and evolution of current density structures are also mapped and examined. Electron temperature and density of the laser-produced plasma are measured with optical Thomson scattering and used to directly calculate a magnetic Reynolds number of

$1.4\times {10}^4$

, confirming that magnetic advection is dominant at

$\ge 1.5$

cm from the target surface. The results are compared to FLASH simulations, which show qualitative agreement with the data.
THE MAXIMAL IDEAL IN THE SPACE OF OPERATORS ON
Authors: CADAVID DIEGO CALLE , MONIKA  , ZHENG BENTUO 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study the isomorphic structure of
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}\ (1< q<\infty )$
and prove that these spaces are complementably homogeneous. We also show that for any operator T from
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
into
${\ell }_{q}$
, there is a subspace X of
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
that is isometric to
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
and the restriction of T on X has small norm. If T is a bounded linear operator on
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
which is
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
-strictly singular, then for any
$\epsilon>0$
, there is a subspace X of
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
which is isometric to
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
with
$\|T|_{X}\|<\epsilon $
. As an application, we show that the set of all
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
-strictly singular operators on
$(\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}}$
forms the unique maximal ideal of
$\mathcal {L}((\sum {\ell }_{q})_{c_{0}})$
.
The nonclassical diffusion equations with time-dependent memory kernels and a new class of nonlinearities
Authors: Thuy Le Thi , Toan Nguyen Duong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, we consider the nonclassical diffusion equations with time-dependent memory kernels
\begin{equation*} u_{t} - \Delta u_t - \Delta u - \int_0^\infty k^{\prime}_{t}(s) \Delta u(t-s) ds + f( u) = g \end{equation*}
on a bounded domain
$\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N,\, N\geq 3$
. Firstly, we study the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions and then, we investigate the existence of the time-dependent global attractors
$\mathcal{A}=\{A_t\}_{t\in\mathbb{R}}$
in
$H_0^1(\Omega)\times L^2_{\mu_t}(\mathbb{R}^+,H_0^1(\Omega))$
. Finally, we prove that the asymptotic dynamics of our problem, when
$k_t$
approaches a multiple
$m\delta_0$
of the Dirac mass at zero as
$t\to \infty$
, is close to the one of its formal limit
\begin{equation*}u_{t} - \Delta u_{t} - (1+m)\Delta u + f( u) = g. \end{equation*}
The main novelty of our results is that no restriction on the upper growth of the nonlinearity is imposed and the memory kernel
$k_t(\!\cdot\!)$
depends on time, which allows for instance to describe the dynamics of aging materials.