bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deep learning algorithm to identify cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligaments on radiography
Authors: Tamai Koji , Terai Hidetomi , Hoshino Masatoshi , Yabu Akito , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Sasaki Ryo , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (cOPLL) is sometimes misdiagnosed or overlooked on radiography. Thus, this study aimed to validate the diagnostic yield of our deep learning algorithm which diagnose the presence/absence of cOPLL on cervical radiography and highlighted areas of ossification in positive cases and compare its diagnostic accuracy with that of experienced spine physicians. Firstly, the radiographic data of 486 patients (243 patients with cOPLL and 243 age and sex matched controls) who received cervical radiography and a computer tomography were used to create the deep learning algorithm. The diagnostic accuracy of our algorithm was 0.88 (area under curve, 0.94). Secondly, the numbers of correct diagnoses were compared between the algorithm and consensus of four spine physicians using 50 independent samples. The algorithm had significantly more correct diagnoses than spine physicians (47/50 versus 39/50, respectively; p = 0.041). In conclusion, the accuracy of our deep learning algorithm for cOPLL diagnosis was significantly higher than that of experienced spine physicians. We believe our algorithm, which uses different diagnostic criteria than humans, can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of cOPLL when radiography is used.
Unsupervised anomaly detection via dual transformation‐aware embeddings
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Hou Chunping , Ge Bangbang , Liu Yang , Dong Zhicheng , Wu Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnsupervised anomaly detection refers to the discovery of unconventional images that are globally or locally different from the training set. Recently, reconstruction‐based anomaly detection methods have made great progress. However, most of the existing methods take reconstructing the original image as the goal of latent feature learning. Due to lack of effective semantic guidance, latent features have intrinsic characteristics which retain redundant details of spatial structure. Such information is too general and cause over‐expression problem. To solve this problem, in this paper, dual transformation‐aware embeddings are coined which aims to achieve a stable model to learn high‐level latent features in a self‐supervised manner. To be more specific, the authors try to extract transformation‐detectable feature embeddings for both structure and content views which explore the regular pattern under different transformations in normal situations. In addition, the relationship between the original feature and the transformed feature is established. Based on such relationship, the latent feature of generated image to predict transformation parameter is extracted. Then, a transformation‐consistency regularization is proposed to constrain decoder to generate high‐quality image with high‐level consistency and achieve a more stable model. Experiments on MVTec‐AD and CIFAR10 datasets prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Evaluating the added value of blockchains to local energy markets—Comparing the performance of blockchain‐based and centralised implementations
Authors: Zade Michel , Feroce Marcello , Guridi Arturo , Lumpp Sebastian Dirk , Tzscheutschler Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe continuous decentralisation of the energy system due to the expansion of renewable energies requires new coordination mechanisms such as Local Energy Markets (LEMs) that are capable of integrating millions of prosumers as active participants. Since the end of the 2010s, the blockchain technology has been discussed as a potential infrastructure for LEMs and as a potential game‐changer in the energy industry. In this work, the authors introduce LEM specific technology‐independent infrastructure requirements, present a Solidity and Python toolbox that allows to compute a comparative performance analysis between a blockchain‐based and a central LEM and evaluate the added value of a blockchain‐based implementation compared to a conventional reference implementation. Simulations of a LEM with a periodic double auction and settlement showed that a blockchain‐based LEM operation requires more than 140 times the computation time compared to a centralised implementation and cannot fulfil data security requirements. Thus, the authors find that blockchain technology in its current state of development does not add significant value to LEMs. All implemented programmes are published in the open‐source project lemlab as part of the research project RegHEE.
Libocedroquinone: A Promising Anticancer Lead against Lung Cancer from Calocedrus Decurrens
Authors: Subramanyan Santhi , Karunakaran Varsha , Deepika Selvakumar , Gracy Anuja Joseph , Sheeba Veluthoor , Joseph Karchesy , Maiti Kaustabh Kumar , Varma Ramavarma Luxmi , Radhakrishnan Kokkuvayil Vasu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA focus on evaluating anticancer potency of various extracts of the heartwood of Calocedrus decurrens against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell line was performed using in vitro MTT assay. The hexane extract displayed excellent cytotoxic effect, and the phytochemical investigation of the hexane and acetone extracts resulted in the isolation of five major compounds. The structure of the compounds was established as libocedrol (1), thymoquinone (2), libocedroquinone (3), diethylphthalate (4), and (1 R, 2 R, 4 R)-p-menthane-1,2,4-triol (5). Compounds 4 and 5 are reported for the first time from the Calocedrus genus. Compounds 1–3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against the lung cancer cell line along with a healthy control. Compound 3 was more potent than other compounds against the A549 cell line with an IC50 of 4.8 µM at 24 h. Moreover, compound 3 exhibited less toxicity with the normal lung fibroblast cell line WI-38. This is the first anticancer study of the species Calocedrus decurrens.
Use of Marker Computed Tomography as a Navigational Tool for Performing Minicraniotomies
Authors: Arora Rajnish Kumar , Shakya Jitendra , Sadhasivam Saravanan , Rekapalli Rajashekar , Mittal Radhey Shyam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe want to highlight a simple technique for performing smaller craniotomies, using a marker computed tomography scan, which does not require any special equipment, training or cost and is not time-consuming. Pictorial description of two such cases have been provided.
Bibliometric Analysis of 50 Most Cited Articles Comparing Lobectomy with Sublobar Resection
Authors: Tekneci Ahmet Kayahan , Ozgur Gizem Kececi , Akcam Tevfik Ilker , Cagirici Ufuk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Recent years have seen an increase in the number of studies of the sublobar resection approach in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) surgery. The purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to assess the significance and impact of articles comparing sublobar resection and lobectomy in NSCLC surgery.
Material and Methods The Web of Science database was searched to identify studies comparing sublobar resection and lobectomy in NSCLC surgery published between 2005 and 2020 (accessed: September 11, 2020). The 50 most cited articles were analyzed by years, countries, authors, authors' affiliations, journals, journals' addresses, and impact factors.
Results The bibliometric analysis revealed that the most cited article had 443 citations, while the total number of citations of all articles was 2,820. The mean number of citations, in turn, was 56.4 ± 75.62 (1–443) times. The highest number of publications over the past 15 years was in 2016, with eight articles. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery (n = 10; 20%) had the highest number of publications on the list. The articles included in the present study were mostly (n = 35, 70%) published in U.S. journals. While multiple subject matters and analyses were presented by many studies, survival was the topic of greatest interest, with 37 (74%) studies.
Conclusion This study revealed that interest in studies comparing sublobar resection with lobectomy has increased in recent years. It also presents both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the most cited articles in the literature on this topic. Therefore, it can serve as a guide for researchers.
Collaboration in Animal-Assisted Activities and Animal-Assisted Therapy
Authors: Decina Elizabeth , Evangelista Bernadette , Harantschuk Alicia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnimal Assisted Intervention is a valuable tool in inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation. Conducting goal-directed, therapeutic Animal-Assisted Interventions requires certification, training and collaboration. It is important that Animal Assisted Therapy teams comprised of specially trained dogs and handlers are co-certified to ensure the safety of patients, therapeutic interactions, and beneficial outcomes aligned with rehab goals. Some examples of speech therapy goals and outcomes in AAT are included below. It is preferred to conduct co-treatment sessions with AAT therapists and a second clinician to increase the opportunity for a variety of treatment modalities, to develop collaborative ideas for treatment sessions and to improve socialization opportunities. To collaborate for a successful AAT session, a co-treating therapist must first understand the AAT program and services available specific to the trained animal-handler team. This article outlines the process involved in obtaining and maintaining a skilled facility dog and an Animal Assisted Therapy program in an inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Animal Assisted Therapy has great potential to excite, distract, engage, encourage, and motivate patients. It is a new field, with generalized criteria for practice and limited standard protocols. It is underutilized and often mischaracterized. With more widespread education and advocacy and development of clinical standards and guidelines, AAT could improve the lives of so many people hoping to return to life as they knew it.
Breed and diet influence the ruminal bacterial community of sheep
Authors: Greenwood E. C. , Torok V. A. , Hynd P. I. 
Published: February 2022

Context Ruminal microbial communities are important in production ruminants, as they can affect health and production efficiency. Differences between meat- and wool-producing sheep breeds have not yet been fully explored. Aims In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of diet on ruminal microbial populations of sheep selected for different production traits, namely, meat production (White Suffolk) and wool production, and quality (Poll Merino). Methods The study utilised 24 White Suffolk and 24 Poll Merino ewes, assigned to either a roughage (20% pellet and 80% chaff) or high-grain diet (80% pellet and 20% chaff). Following acclimatisation for 21 days, they each had a ruminal sample taken and analysed for bacterial communities, using 16S rRNA sequencing. Entry and exit weight of the ewes and their feed intake were measured. Key results There was a preference for the high-grain diet (P < 0.0001), with greater amounts consumed, although there was no significant difference in ewe weights between the two dietary treatments. However, White Suffolk ewes lost weight on the roughage diet, whereas all other groups gained weight (White Suffolk roughage −5.9 ± 2.6 kg, White Suffolk high-grain 7.8 ± 1.7 kg, Poll Merino roughage 9.2 ± 2.7 kg, Poll Merino high-grain 5.0 ± 1.8 kg). There were significant ruminal bacterial differences associated with both diet and breed. The average dissimilarity in ruminal bacterial phyla associated with diet was 14.13%, with the top 50% of phyla contributing to the dissimilarity being Verrucomicrobia, Lentisphaerae, Elusimicrobia, SR1 and Fibrobacteres, which were significantly more abundant in the roughage dietary group, and Proteobacteria, which were significantly more abundant in the high-grain dietary group. Conclusions We have demonstrated that although diet strongly influences the ruminal microbiota, there is a significant interaction between diet and breed in effects on ruminal microbiota and also animal performance. Implications The differences in microbial composition between breeds were related to some of the animal productivity differences of the two breeds, indicating that at least some of the genetic differences in animal productivity are generated by differences in the responsiveness of the ruminal microbiota to diet.
Asyndetic complementation and referential integration in Spanish
Authors: Mazzola Giulia , Cornillie Bert , Rosemeyer Malte 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper examines a distinctive syntactic feature of (pre)classical Spanish: asyndetic complementation (without complementizerque‘that’). While many authors regard this construction as a stylistic variant which eventually declined (i.a.,Girón 2005), so far no exhaustive morphosyntactic study of the phenomenon has been presented, as previous works either have focused on only one predicate (Blas Arroyo & Porcar Miralles 2016,2018) or do not contain detailed quantitative data (Pountain 2015). Using evidence from richly annotated corpus data spanning between 1400 and 1799 (GITHE 2015), we adopt the diachronic probabilistic grammar framework (Szmrecsanyi 2013) by means of multifactorial statistical models, to identify the language-internal probabilistic constraints that regulated theque/Ø alternation, and to explore whether their relevance changed diachronically. The results indicate that asyndetic complementation is promoted in the domain of manipulation verbs (e.g., requests and commands) and, more generally, by the semantic and syntactic integration of events (Givón 2001a). Diachronically we observe that some of the effects strengthened over time, suggesting a syntactic specialization process, which might have eventually led to the restricted and marked use of the asyndeton in Modern Spanish.
In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation left atrial strain paramethers, left atrial function index and poor glycaemic control can be predictors of arrhythmia recurrence
Authors: Rus H , Bobescu E , Poinareanu I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Left atrial (LA) systolic dysfunction is present in early stages of atrial fibrillation (AFib) prior to left anatomical changes and is influenced by left ventricular systolic function. We evaluate weather left atrial function index (LAFI), left atrial strain parameters (LASP) and glycemic control can be a predictor of AFib recurrence after medical or electrical conversion patients with paroxysmal AFib.

Material and method
We evaluate 150 patients who underwent medical or electrical conversion for paroxysmal AFIb, for a period of 2 years. LA systolic function was appreciated with the echocardiography determined LA emptying volume = Maximum LA volume (LAV max)-minimum LA volume (LAV min), LA emptying fraction= {[LAV max-LAV min]/LAV max]x100}, and LAFI = LA emptying fraction x LVOT-VTILA max index. Left atrial strain (LAS) was assessed as reservoir strain[normal value(NV) 39%], conduit strain(NV 23%) and contractile strain(NV 17%). Flow mediated vasodilation was recorded at the level of brachial artery. Recurrent AFib was recorded in 75 patients (50%), time11,5 ± 10 month.

Results
Univariate analysis revealed as markers for arrhythmia recurrence low LAFI, reduced LA ejection force, altered LASP, high BMI, poor glycemic control (cut-off value for hemoglobin HbA1C 7%), high BMI, decreased index of flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD). On multivariate analysis poor glycemic control, reduced LAFI, altered LASP and larger LA diameter had a higher risk of AFib than patients with higher LAFI and good glycemic control (p &lt; 0,004).

Conclusion
In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, reduced left atrial function index, altered left atrial strain parameters, larger left atrium, altered endothelial dysfunction appreciated by flow mediated vasodilatation, and poor glycemic control can be predictors of arial fibrillation recurrence.
Left main coronary artery dimension and variation in Thai population
Authors: Siriwiwattana T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Objectives The aim of our study was to determine the length, proximal and distal dimension of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) in Thai population with normal LMCA, from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Background
The dimensions and length of the coronary artery are important to treatment planning and outcome prediction after revascularization. The previous studies showed that coronary artery dimensions are influenced by age, sex and BSA which may be effected by race. Recently, very limited data about coronary artery dimensions in general Thai population are available.

Methods
560 patients who have undergone CCTA at a Thai hospital with normal coronary angiogram of LMCA and no history of previous percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in the study. The LMCA cross-sectional dimensions were obtained at two points of each vessel: ostium and distal. The length of LMCA was studied. The baseline characteristics data of participants such as age, body weight, height body surface area (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) and the other findings of CCTA on the LMCA dimensions and length were evaluated.

Results
This study showed that the mean cross-sectional dimensions of the proximal and distal of LMCA were 3.89 ± 0.76 mm. and 3.4 ± 0.67 mm. respectively. The mean length of LMCA was 8.66 ± 3.69 mm. The dimension of vessels in males were significantly larger in size than females. The proximal and distal LMCA dimensions in males were 3.98 ± 0.81 mm. and 3.8 ± 0.69 mm. respectively. And the proximal and distal LMCA dimensions in females were 3.51 ± 0.72 mm. and 3.27 ± 0.59 mm. respectively. The factors of significant correlations were found with sex, height, weight, BMI, BSA, left dominant vessel and coronary artery calcium scores (CACs) on the proximal and distal dimensions of LMCA. In multivariate analysis, BSA and dominant system were showed significant correlation to the proximal dimension of LMCA, and BSA was showed significant correlation to the distal dimension of LMCA. The influences on length of LMCA were height, weight, BMI, BSA, right dominant vessel and CACs but no factors were significant correlation by multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
The length, proximal and distal dimensions of LMCA in general Thai population were differences from the previous studies which were studied in other nations. The influences on the dimensions of LMCA were sex, height, weight, BMI, BSA, left dominant vessel, and CACs. And the influences on the length of LMCA were height, weight, BMI, BSA, right dominant vessel and CACs.
ECG education for first-grade medical students detecting Epsilon and J waves in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in comparison with specialists for arrhythmia treatment
Authors: Funabashi N , Nakamura K , Sasaki T , Naito S , Kobayashi Y 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Medical students find Epsilon and J wave diagnoses by electrocardiogram (ECG) in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) difficult.

Purpose
To evaluate the inter observer reliability for detecting Epsilon and J wave in patients with ARVC between medical students and specialists for arrhythmia treatment and seek the problem for the ECG education to the students.

Methods
Nine patients (six males, mean age 59 ± 17 years) meeting 2010 ARVC task-force criteria (Circulation. 2010; 121:1533-1541) underwent a retrospective ECG analysis. First-grade medical students undertook ECG studies for 9 months (4 h/week) by a cardiologist who was not a specialist in arrhythmia treatments according to the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society (JHRS). Medical students detected Epsilon and J waves in all nine ECGs. Two JHRS specialists in arrhythmia treatment independently detected Epsilon and J waves; when diagnoses differed, a final diagnosis was made together.

Results
Epsilon waves were detected in five and eight patients by medical students and specialists, respectively. The distribution of Epsilon waves was determined in inferior and right-side precordial leads by students, but in right-side precordial leads only by specialists (Table). J waves were detected in nine and three patients by medical students and specialists, respectively. The J wave distribution was wider for medical students than specialists.

Conclusions
With ECG findings by specialists as the gold standard, even with a substantial education, medical students tended to diagnose Epsilon waves or notches in QRS as J waves. Lecturers need to equip students with additional basic clinical knowledge, such as Epsilon waves are more frequent in right-side precordial leads in ARVC patients. Abstract Figure. CT and ECG in ARVC
A fourteen-year experience on treatment of atrial fibrillation with radiofrequency ablation in Thailand: a real-world report from South East Asia
Authors: Tokavanich N , Leelapatana P , Chokesuwattanaskul R , Prechawat S , Rungpradabvong V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Atrial Fibrillation ablation has been performed for more than 10 years, but the result of the procedure varied across centers. In Western world freedom from AF after ablation with PVI technique was 81.6% at 12 months, 73.8% at 24 months, and 68.1% at 36 months. No earlier report of outcome in South East Asia region. The study sought to report outcome of AF ablation in Thailand.

Method
We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who were treated with atrial fibrillation ablation at a tertiary care, academic medical center between the years 2006 to 2020. Patient characteristics and outcome of ablation were collected. Patients were followed until the last follow up. Chi-square, ANOVA and survival analysis were analyzed.

Result
Among 171 patients, 94 patients (55%) went through Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), 55 patients (32%) went through CFAE ablation, 22 patients (13%) went through PVI plus CFAE ablation. Most of the patients were diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (154 patients, 90%). Time from diagnosis to ablation was 34.5 months (SD = 34.6) Median CHADVASC was 1 (IQR 0-2). Mean LVEF was 62% (SD = 12.2). Mean LA size was 37.5 mm. (SD = 7.4). Freedom from AF in all techniques was 73% at 12 months, 66% at 24 months and 55% at 36 months. The successful result from PV isolation was 79% at 12 months, 74% at 24 months and 59% at 36 months. CFAE ablation technique yield success rate 63% at 12 months, 51% at 24 months and 47% at 36 months. The success rate between techniques were not statistically significant (P = 0.4) Subgroup analysis of obesity and non- obesity separate by BMI ≥ 25 and BMI &lt; 25, in obesity patients freedom of AF after single catheter ablation 71% at 12 months (95% CI 0.6-0.8), 68.6% at 24 months (95% CI 0.57-0.81), 55% at 36 months (95%CI 0.42-0.71), In non-obesity group freedom of AF was 76.7% at 12 months (95% CI 0.67-0.87), 63.8% at 24 months (95%CI 0.52-0.77), 54.5% at 36 months (95% CI 0.42-0.69). There was no statistical significant different in success rate of AF ablation between these groups with P = 0.76

Conclusion
The overall success rate of AF ablation from our study was similar to western world. PV isolation tends to yield the highest success rate follow by CFAE ablation technique but no statistical significant. PVI plus CFAE ablation does not yield higher successful result. Abstract Figure.