bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptives among sexually active reproductive-age women in the pastoral community of Northeast Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mare Kusse Urmale , Abrha Ezana , Mohammed Yesuf Ebrahim , Birara Aychiluhm Setognal , Tadesse Abay Woday , Leyto Simeon Meskele , Sabo Kebede Gemeda , Mulaw Getahun Fentaw , Mohammed Osman Ahmed , Ebrahim Oumer Abdulkadir 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: In Ethiopia, only one in ten reproductive-age women use long-acting reversible contraceptives. Evidence on the utilization of these methods and associated factors among sexually active reproductive-age women in the pastoral area of Northeast Ethiopia is limited. Thus, this study aimed to assess the utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptives and associated factors among sexually active reproductive-age women in the pastoral community of Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 April 2021 among 572 reproductive-age women selected by a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and entered into Epi-info version 7 and then finally exported to Stata version 16 for further analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors affecting the utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptives. Odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval were computed and the statistical significance of the explanatory variables was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: Overall, the utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptives was (24.3%; 95% confidence interval = 20.9%–28.0%). It was also revealed that being Orthodox (adjusted odds ratio = 4.10; 95% confidence interval = 2.20–7.65) and Protestant (adjusted odds ratio = 7.86; 95% confidence interval = 1.26–18.97) religion followers, attending higher education (adjusted odds ratio = 3.31; 95% confidence interval = 1.37–7.98), and having a husband who attended higher education (adjusted odds ratio = 4.37; 95% confidence interval = 1.98–9.67) were associated with an increased odds of using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods. Besides, having a good (adjusted odds ratio = 6.69; 95% confidence interval = 2.64–16.95) and moderate (adjusted odds ratio = 3.03; 95% confidence interval = 1.06–8.56) knowledge, and positive attitude (adjusted odds ratio = 3.65; 95% confidence interval = 1.90–7.01) toward long-acting reversible contraceptives were also associated with the utilization of these methods. Conclusion: Less than one-fourth of sexually active reproductive-age women in the study area were using long-acting reversible contraceptives. Thus, improving women’s and husbands’ education and women’s knowledge and attitude toward long-acting reversible contraceptives is important to scale up the uptake of these contraceptive methods.
Prevalence of HIV infection and associated factors among infants born to HIV-positive mothers in health institutions, northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Tiruneh Gebrehiwot Ayalew , Dagnew Emawayish Zeleke 
Published: August 2022

Background: Mother-to-child transmission of the HIV remains the main source of HIV infection in children. Targeting pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up provides a unique opportunity for implementing prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs against HIV infection in newborn babies. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of HIV infection and associated factors among infants born to HIV-positive mothers in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission clinic in the Gondar city health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: Documents were reviewed at the facility. Infants who had been exposed to HIV were enrolled in the study from 1 May–20 June 2021 prevention of mother-to-child transmission service in Gondar health institutions. To collect data from the charts, a structured data extraction tool was developed. The data were entered and analyzed with SPSS version 25 software. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with HIV infection. The crude and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were calculated to determine the significance level. Result: The prevalence of HIV infection among infants born to HIV-positive mothers at the prevention of mother-to-child transmission level was found to be 8.1% (95% confidence interval = 7.3–12.9). Mixed infant feeding practice (adjusted odds ratio = 5.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.82–14.56), mothers’ lack of education (adjusted odds ratio = 3.43, 95% confidence interval = 2.26–5.0), absence of antenatal care follow-up (adjusted odds ratio = 1.82, 95% confidence interval = 1.17–4.02), and home delivery (adjusted odds ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval = 2.10–7.45) were statistically significantly associated with infants’ HIV infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV infection in babies born to HIV-positive mothers was found to be high. Significant factors include mixed infant feeding practice, mothers’ lack of education, antenatal care follow-up, and home delivery. We also proposed that skilled delivery care and community education could reduce HIV transmission from mother to child.
Knowledge and practices of pregnant women about iodized salt and its availability in their households in Hawassa city. Community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Negese Ketemaw , Tilahun Semahegn , Kassie Aychew , Birie Bamlaku 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of pregnant women about iodized salt and its availability in their households in Hawassa city, Ethiopia Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among pregnant women with a total sample size ( N) = 553 in Hawassa city. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed. First, four sub-cities of Hawassa city (out of eight sub-cities) were selected using the lottery method. Households of pregnant women in each selected sub-city were identified and screened. Finally, representative samples were drawn using systematic random sampling technique. Results: A total of 537 pregnant women was included, a response rate of 97.1%. This was due to incomplete data for nine and participation refusal for seven participants. The mean age of the participants was 26.98 ± 4.75 years. About 52.51% and 52.33% of the respondents had good knowledge and good salt handling practices, respectively. Regarding availability of iodized salt, 65.55% of pregnant women (31.66% salt with iodine level ⩾15 parts per million (ppm) and 33.89% salt with iodine level <15 ppm) had iodized salt and the remaining 34.45% non-iodized salt (0 ppm) respectively. Conclusion: Availability of iodized salt in households of pregnant women was 65.55% (>0 ppm). More than one-third of pregnant women in Hawassa city are utilized non-iodized salt (0 ppm). Nearly half of the pregnant women in Hawassa city had poor knowledge and poor practice about iodized salt. Hawassa city Health Department along with concerned stakeholders should invest more effort to increase awareness about iodized salt and how to handle it safely in households.
GC-MS biocomponents characterization and antibacterial potency of ethanolic crude extracts of Camellia sinensis
Authors: Hope Onohuean , Bright Igere E , Alagbonsi Abdullateef I 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The menace of antibacterial resistance among enteropathogenic bacteria continues to raise therapeutic management concerns within public health system. As a strategy toward alternative control of resistant pathogen proliferation, a folkloric plant (green tea leaves: Camellia sinensis) was collected from Ishaka municipality and characterized for biomolecular components and antibacterial potency. Methods: The bioactive and biomolecular components of the plant’s ethanol extract were characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A preliminary in vitro susceptibility test of the extract against characterized multiple antibiotic-resistant potential diarrheagenic bacterial strains was done. Results: The result revealed an exponential increase in susceptibility with a distinctive unit component of the C. sinensis extract at concentrations of 60 and 80 μg/ml. The extract also possessed antibacterial and antioxidant activities while having phytochemical constituents (flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, saponin, cardiac glycosides, etc.). The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis further affirmed the potential of the extract by revealing 52 bioactive components/compounds as shown in the chromatogram. Conclusion: The C. sinensis has antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials, and the constituents of the plant might be of therapeutic importance in the management of various diseases, especially those related to Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
Length of stay and its associated factors among adult patients who visit Emergency Department of University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Fekadu Gelana , Lamessa Adugna , Mussa Ibsa , Beyene Bayissa Badhaasaa , Dessie Yadeta 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the length of stay and its associated factors among adult patients who visited Emergency Department of Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 adult patients who visit the Emergency Department. Systematic random sampling technique and an interviewer-administered data collection method was used. Data analyses were done using STATA version 16. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to control the potential confounders. The analysis outputs were presented using an odds ratio with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Independent variables were defined as statistically significant at p-values <0.05 in the final model. Result: A total of 169 [42.25% (95% CI: 37.5%−47.0%)] patients stayed longer than 24 h in the Emergency Department. We identified factors significantly associated with length of stay in ED include: patients treated at orange triage type (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.267; 95% CI: 0.13–0.53), laboratory request (AOR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.49–6.23), radiological requests (AOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.05–3.07), and diagnosed with medical condition (AOR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.21–4.26). Conclusion: A significant number of patients stay longer in the Emergency Department. Evaluation of the clinical diagnosis, diagnostic investigations, and organizational factors is essential to reduce the length of stay in the Emergency Department.
Food Practices and Beliefs During Pregnancy and Post-partum Among the Tribal Women of Assam: A Study Among the Five Tribes of Margherita Subdivision of Tinsukia District, Assam
Authors: Sarmah Upasona , Saikia Boby Dutta 
Published: August 2022

This research article attempts to analyse the food habits, food preferences, choices and restrictions of the tribal women during pregnancy and postnatal care. This research has covered five major tribes of Assam such as Hajongs, Misings, Sonowal Kacharis, Semas and Tangsas, mostly concentrated in Margherita subdivision, which is a hub of 13 tribes, bordering Arunachal Pradesh. The article aims at exploring the sociocultural factors influencing food choices, reasons behind adopting a particular food habit or food restrictions and sociocultural factors affecting prenatal and postnatal care. The study was conducted in 34 villages of Margherita subdivision of Tinsukia district. Mixed method and research approach was adopted to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from the study. Primary data were collected through standard methods and techniques, namely household survey schedule, observation, and extensive and in-depth personal interviews (semi-structured and open-ended) with key informants. Qualitative data were transcribed through the narrative analysis approach. The finding reveals that each tribe practises their unique food habits related to their physical environment. Sociocultural factors such as religion and customs have a significant influence on pregnancy as well as postnatal health care, food preference and avoidance.
Prediction Model Development and Validation of 12-Year Incident Edentulism of Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Preisser J.S. , Moss K. , Finlayson T.L. , Jones J.A. , Weintraub J.A. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Edentulism affects health and quality of life. Objectives: Identify factors that predict older adults becoming edentulous over 12 y in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) by developing and validating a prediction model. Methods: The HRS includes data on a representative sample of US adults aged >50 y. Selection criteria included participants in 2006 and 2018 who answered, “Have you lost all of your upper and lower natural permanent teeth?” Persons who answered “no” in 2006 and “yes” in 2018 experienced incident edentulism. Excluding 2006 edentulous, the data set ( n = 4,288) was split into selection (70%, n = 3,002) and test data (30%, n = 1,286), and Monte Carlo cross-validation was applied to 500 random partitions of the selection data into training ( n = 1,716) and validation ( n = 1,286) data sets. Fitted logistic models from the training data sets were applied to the validation data sets to obtain area under the curve (AUC) for 32 candidate models. Six variables were included in all models (age, race/ethnicity, gender, education, smoking, last dental visit) while all combinations of 5 variables (income, alcohol use, self-rated health, loneliness, cognitive status) were considered for inclusion. The best parsimonious model based on highest mean AUC was fitted to the selection data set to obtain a final prediction equation. It was applied to the test data to estimate AUC and 95% confidence interval using 1,000 bootstrap samples. Results: From 2006 to 2018, 9.7% of older adults became edentulous. The 2006 mean (SD) age was 66.7 (8.7) for newly edentulous and 66.3 (8.4) for dentate ( P = 0.31). The baseline 6-variable model mean AUC was 0.740. The 7-variable model with cognition had AUC = 0.749 and test data AUC = 0.748 (95% confidence interval, 0.715–0.781), modestly improving prediction. Negligible improvement was gained from adding more variables. Conclusion: Cognition information improved the 12-y prediction of becoming edentulous beyond the modifiable risk factors of smoking and dental care use, as well as nonmodifiable demographic factors. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This prediction modeling and validation study identifies cognition as well as modifiable (dental care use, smoking) and nonmodifiable factors (race, ethnicity, gender, age, education) associated with incident complete tooth loss in the United States. This information is useful for the public, dental care providers, and health policy makers in improving approaches to preventive care, oral and general health, and quality of life for older adults.
Nishtam Niwiipitan (My First Teeth): Oral Health Digital Stories from Urban Indigenous Parents
Authors: Lee J. , Schroth R.J. , Lawrence H.P. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To develop oral health–related digital story videos through interviews with Indigenous parents who shared their experiences in dealing with early childhood caries (ECC) in their children. Methods: Indigenous parents in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, were recruited from community programs from October to December 2019 as part of the Nishtam Niwiipitan (My First Teeth), a community-based participatory research study that builds on an ECC intervention. A twofold qualitative narrative approach to data collection was used: 1) interviewing participants and creating digital stories and 2) taking part in the postfilming feedback interviews. Participants were interviewed via video in a semistructured format sharing their experiences and attitudes about caring for children with ECC and the challenges faced seeking dental care for the disease. The stories were drawn from parents in 3 predetermined groups: those with 1) children who had undergone dental surgery under general anesthesia, 2) children who had received silver diamine fluoride as an alternative to surgery to manage ECC, and 3) caries-free children. Prior to editing, the narrated stories were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. The postfilming interview transcripts were also analyzed and coded for key themes. Results: Six parents and 1 grandparent, all of whom self-identified as Indigenous (First Nations or Métis) and cared for children aged <6 y, created the digital stories. Three key themes emerged from the postfilming interviews: ability to share, ability to help, and ability to change. Participants felt important, optimistic, and motivated throughout the process of making their digital stories. Conclusion: Digital storytelling offered First Nations and Métis parents a unique opportunity to share their experiences caring for children with ECC with the wider public. These videos can be incorporated into oral health promotion and ECC intervention programs as a culturally appropriate method for reaching Indigenous families. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The use and development of digital storytelling for oral health promotion have great potential for spreading awareness and sharing knowledge with Indigenous parents/caregivers about their children’s oral health and care practices. This health promotion tool is congruent with Indigenous ways of knowing, as Indigenous communities have a long tradition of oral history. The videos produced for this study will assist with oral health promotion efforts to address the high rates of early childhood caries in Indigenous communities in Canada.
Bolotinaite, ideally (Na7□)(Al6Si6O24)F⋅4H2O, a new sodalite-group mineral from the Eifel palaeovolcanic region, Germany
Authors: Chukanov Nikita V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Schäfer Christof , Pekov I.V. , Shendrik Roman Yu. , Vigasina Marina F. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Britvin Sergey N. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe new sodalite-group mineral bolotinaite, ideally (Na7□)(Al6Si6O24)F⋅4H2O, was discovered in a volcanic ejectum of trachitoid sanidinite collected from the In den Dellen (Zieglowski) pumice quarry, Laach Lake (Laacher See) palaeovolcano, Eifel region, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The associated minerals are sanidine, nepheline, annite and zircon. Bolotinaite occurs as isolated interpenetration prismatic twins on (111) up to 1.3 mm long, complex twins, and rare non-twinned rhombic dodecahedra up to 0.2 mm across. The colour of bolotinaite is pale yellow to pinkish coloured, the streak is white and the lustre is vitreous. Weak orange–yellow fluorescence under longwave ultraviolet radiation (λ = 330 nm) is due to the presence of trace amounts of the S2•– radical anion. Bolotinaite is brittle, with a Mohs’ hardness of 5. No cleavage is observed. The fracture is uneven. D(meas) = 2.27(2) g⋅cm–3, D(calc) = 2.291 g⋅cm–3. Bolotinaite is optically isotropic, with n = 1.488(2) (λ = 589 nm). The chemical composition is (wt.%, electron microprobe, CO2 determined by quantitative IR spectroscopy analysis, H2O calculated from the empirical formula with four H2O molecules per formula unit): Na2O 18.30, K2O 3.87, CaO 0.57, Al2O3 28.85, SiO2 37.97, CO2 1.66, SO3 1.37, F 1.60, Cl 0.57, 2.22, H2O 7.21, –O≡(F,Cl) –0.80, total 101.17. The empirical formula is (Na5.92K0.82Ca0.10H0.08)(Si6.33Al5.67O24)(SO4)0.17F0.84Cl0.16(H2O)3.96(CO2)0.38. A high content of H2O and the presence of CO2 molecules and H+ cations as well as trace amounts of S2•– are confirmed by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The crystal structure was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R = 0.0335. Bolotinaite is cubic, space group I$\bar{4}$3m, with a = 9.027(1) Å, V = 735.7(2) Å3 and Z = 1. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 6.36 (47) (110), 4.502 (10) (200), 3.679 (100) (211), 2.851 (28) (310), 2.603 (29) (222) and 2.126 (18) (330). The mineral is named in honour of the Russian crystallographer and crystal chemist Dr. Nadezhda Borisovna Bolotina (b. 1949).
Longitudinal expression profiling identifies a poor risk subset of patients with ABC-type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Bewicke-Copley Findlay , Korfi Koorosh , Araf Shamzah , Hodkinson Brendan , Kumar Emil , Cummin Thomas , Ashton-Key Margaret , Barrans Sharon , van Hoppe Suzan , Burton Cathy , Elshiekh Mohamed , Rule Simon , Crosbie Nicola , Clear Andrew , Calaminici Maria , Runge Hendrik , Hills Robert K. , Scott David W. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Menon Geetha , Sha Chulin , Davies John R. , Nagano Ai , Davies Andrew , Painter Daniel , Smith Alexandra , Gribben John , Naresh Kikkeri N. , Westhead David R. , Okosun Jessica , Steele Andrew , Hodson Daniel J. , Balasubramanian Sriram , Johnson Peter , Wang Jun , Fitzgibbon Jude 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of immuno-chemotherapy, 40% of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) experience relapse or refractory disease. Longitudinal studies have previously focused on the mutational landscape of relapse but fell short of providing a consistent relapse-specific genetic signature. In our study, we have focused attention on the changes in GEP accompanying DLBCL relapse using archival paired diagnostic/relapse specimens from 38 de novo patients with DLBCL. COO remained stable from diagnosis to relapse in 80% of patients, with only a single patient showing COO switching from activated B-cell–like (ABC) to germinal center B-cell–like (GCB). Analysis of the transcriptomic changes that occur following relapse suggest ABC and GCB relapses are mediated via different mechanisms. We developed a 30-gene discriminator for ABC–DLBCLs derived from relapse-associated genes that defined clinically distinct high- and low-risk subgroups in ABC–DLBCLs at diagnosis in datasets comprising both population-based and clinical trial cohorts. This signature also identified a population of &lt;60-year–old patients with superior PFS and OS treated with ibrutinib–R-CHOP as part of the PHOENIX trial. Altogether this new signature adds to the existing toolkit of putative genetic predictors now available in DLBCL that can be readily assessed as part of prospective clinical trials.