bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Anxiety and Attitudes Towards Arithmetic and Algebra
Authors: Jasani Darshini 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study aimed at assessing the anxiety levels and attitudes of 68 students of Grades 11 and 12 studying the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program towards the math components of arithmetic and algebra by using a quantitative correlational study. Two survey instruments were used where the first section consisted of an achievement test for each branch of arithmetic and algebra. The second section consisted of an eighteen-item five-point Likert scale where the anxiety levels and attitudes of the students were assessed. The results showed that a negative correlation existed between anxiety levels and performance for both, arithmetic and algebra and a weak positive correlation existed between attitudes and performance. Additionally, significant differences existed in anxiety levels and attitudes between high and low performers for each component. Thus, although arithmetic and algebra were components that students had high familiarity with, the anxiety levels and attitudes towards them were different.
Trends and variability in the Southern Annular Mode over the Common Era
Authors: King Jonathan , Anchukaitis Kevin , Allen Kathryn , Vance Tessa , Hessl Amy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the leading mode of atmospheric variability in the extratropical Southern Hemisphere and has wide ranging effects on ecosystems and societies. Despite the SAM’s importance, paleoclimate reconstructions disagree on its variability and trends. Here, we use data assimilation to reconstruct the SAM over the last 2000 years using temperature and drought-sensitive climate proxies. Our method does not assume a stationary relationship between proxy records and the SAM over an instrumental calibration period, so our reconstruction is less sensitive to the teleconnection variability that has hindered previous reconstructions. Our approach also allows us to identify critical paleoclimate records and quantify reconstruction uncertainty through time. We find no evidence for a forced response in SAM variability prior to the 20th century. We also find the modern positive trend is outside the range of the prior 2000 years, but only on multidecadal time scales.
Teleportation of masked information
Authors: Abdelwahab A. G. , Ghwail S. A. , Metwally N. , Mahran M. H. , Obada A. -S. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this contribution, we investigated the possibility of teleporting classical/quantum masked information, which may coded either in a single qubit or qutrit. For this purpose, different systems are used as quantum channels; two-qubit, three-qubit, two qutrit systems, and different protocols are applied. All the teleported masked information are retrieved as masked states at the receiver station. The number of operations that may be performed by the receiver are limited. It is shown that, one can teleport masked classical information with maximum fidelity, while for quantum information the maximization depends on the weight parameter of the tele-ported state. Teleporting the total masked state is better than teleporting its marginals, where the fidelity of total masked state is maximum. However, the fidelity of teleporting masking quantum information via three qubit systems may be maximized by controlling the weight of the initial masked state and the polarization of the mediator. In some cases, the receiver need to diagonalize the final teleported state to maximize its fidelity, and consequently reduces the required local operations.
On relation between statistical geometric mean and statistical summability (C,1) and it’s application to positive linear operators
Authors: Alotaibi Trad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the relation between statistical geometric mean and statistical summability (C, 1) by using Caushy inequality. Then, we investigate a Korovkin type approximation by using G-statistical convergence for a sequence of positive linear operators.
Integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis revealing the role of FCGR2A on prognosis and immune infiltration of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tang Shaohai , Bai Yi , Chen Dapeng , Wang Yifan , Zhang Yamin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective To assess potential prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and preliminarily investigate their immune-related functions.Methods The CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE computational methods were applied to analyze the tumor microenvironment (TME) using the transcriptome and clinical data of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The target gene was screened by intersecting the PPI network with Univariate Cox Regression Analysis. The distribution of the target gene expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and immunological function were explored. Quality control, principal component analysis, TSNE clustering analysis, and cell annotation were also performed after downloading the single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the NCBI-GEO database. Lastly, we analyzed the distribution of the target gene at the single-cell level and established a comprehensive network of immune-related functions.Results Of the five hub genes (MMP9, FCGR2A, TLR2, CCR1 and PLAUR), FCGR2A was identified as the target gene following intersection analysis. It was up-regulated in tumor tissues and associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. TSNE clustering study yielded 35 clusters, with hepatocyte, T cell, NK cell, macrophage, monocyte, B cell, smooth muscle cell, and endothelial cell as the result of annotation. Two of the results were related to immunological function. CIBERSORT analysis for the proportion of TICs revealed an increase in eosinophil number in tissues with low expression of FCGR2A. At the single-cell level, FCGR2A was mainly distributed in macrophages and monocytes.Conclusion This study showed that FCGR2A had an immunological role in the mono-macrophage system, was a promising biomarker for poor survival and could be a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
Using piRNA interference to quantify acute and inherited silencing in Caenorhabditis elegans with no requirement for genetic crosses: a case study.
Authors: Priyadarshini Monika , AlHarbi Sarah , Frøkjær-Jensen Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

We recently developed a piRNA-based silencing assay called piRNA interference (piRNAi), where acute gene silencing is mediated by synthetic piRNAs expressed from extra-chromosomal array. Arrays are spontaneously lost every generation which can be used to quantify the persistence of silencing in the absence of a silencing trigger piRNAs. The assay allows inheritance assays by injecting piRNAs directly into mutant animals and targeting endogenous genes (e.g., him-5 and him-8) with obvious phenotypes (increased male frequency). In some cases this approach is advantageous because genetic crosses, especially for transgenes that are unpaired during meiosis, can have a large influence on epigenetic silencing. Here we demonstrate the use of the piRNAi assay by silencing in the ribonucleotidyltransferase rde-3 (ne3370) mutant and quantifying acute and inherited silencing. We find that in the absence of rde-3, acute silencing is reduced but still detectable, whereas we see no evidence of inherited silencing.
Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction in Physically Active Female University Students: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Rosseto Patricia Pelegrina , de Araujo Maita Poli , Silva Ivaldo da 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:To investigate the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions in physically active versus sedentary female university students.Methods:Cross-sectional case-control survey study, involving 202 female university students aged 18–40 years (180 who performed regular physical activity and 22 sedentary students, in the same age group). Sexual function was evaluated by the Female Sexual Function Index.Results:Sexual dysfunction was more prevalent in sedentary (45.5%) than physically active participants (38.9%; p = 0.646). In relation to the domains valued by Female Sexual Function Index, only “excitation” presented a statistically significant difference (p = 0.031).Conclusion:Prevalence of sexual dysfunction was similar in active and sedentary female university students.
Interocular symmetry and intermachine reproducibility measured by two different models of Cirrus optical coherence tomography
Authors: Firdaus Salma , Pereira Livia Figueiredo , Yang Ge , Huang-Link Yumin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, sensitive and reliable method to measure retinal axonal and neuronal changes quantitatively at a few micrometers. Spectral-domain high definition OCT (HD-OCT) has been used globally and upgraded over the years several times Objective: This prospective study aims to compare interocular symmetry of the optic disc and macular data measured by Cirrus HD-OCT 4000 and HD-OCT 5000; to determine the intermachine reproducibility of the data from healthy subjects examined at the same visit by both HD-OCT models. Materials and Methods: Forty-three volunteers were recruited for this study. Participants were examined with both HD-OCT 4000 and HD-OCT 5000 at the same visit. Data of optic nerve head (ONH) were acquired using ONH Cube 200 x 200 scans. Macular data were acquired using macular volume cube 512 x 128 scans. Results: The average age of the participants was 33 ± 8.6 years. Interocular OCT parameters of ONH and macula were highly correlated between the right and left eyes regardless of HD-OCT 4000 or 5000. The average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was thicker (96.67±11.19µm vs. 95.3±10.89µm, p<0.01), but average central subfield thickness (261.51±17.45µm vs. 262.51±17.39 µm, p<0.01) and average cube thickness (283.91± 13.59 µm vs. 286.55±13.09 µm, p<0.05) were thinner as measured by HD-OCT 4000 than by HD-OCT 5000. Intermachine reproducibility and reliability of the macular parameters and RNFL are good with high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and low coefficient of variation (CV). Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) in the macula measured by two OCT models was close to each other with an average thickness of 85 µm and had high intermachine reproducibility with high ICC (0.993) and low CV (1.2%). Conclusion: The interocular symmetry from both HD-OCT models was high. Intermachine reproducibility for RNFL and all macular parameters was also high. GCIPL has small intermachine differences and high reproducibility with perfect reliability. The results imply that GCIPL values measured by two HD-OCT models maybe used interchangeably.
Stability and conditioning of immersed finite element methods: analysis and remedies
Authors: de Prenter Frits , Verhoosel Clemens. V. , Brummelen E. Harald van , Larson Mats G. , Badia Santiago 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This review paper discusses the developments in immersed or unfitted finite element methods over the past decade. The main focus is the analysis and the treatment of the adverse effects of small cut elements. We distinguish between adverse effects regarding the stability and adverse effects regarding the conditioning of the system, and we present an overview of the developed remedies. In particular, we provide a detailed explanation of Schwarz preconditioning, element aggregation, and the ghost penalty formulation. Furthermore, we outline the methodologies developed for quadrature and weak enforcement of Dirichlet conditions, and we discuss open questions and future research directions.
Amplification of Annual and Diurnal Cycles of Alpine Lightning
Authors: Simon Thorsten , Mayr Georg J. , Morgenstern Deborah , Umlauf Nikolaus , Zeileis Achim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The response of lightning to a changing climate is not fully understood. Historic trends of proxies known for fostering convective environments suggest an increase of lightning over large parts of Europe. Since lightning results from the interaction of processes on many scales, as many of these processes as possible must be considered for a comprehensive answer. Recent achievements of decade-long seamless lightning measurements and hourly reanalyses of atmospheric conditions including cloud micro-physics combined with flexible regression techniques have made a reliable reconstruction of lightning down to its seasonally varying diurnal cycle feasible. To include a large variety of land-cover, topographical and atmospheric circulation conditions, the European Eastern Alps and their surroundings are our reconstruction region over a period of four decades. The most intense changes occurred over the high Alps where lightning activity doubled in the past decade compared to the 1980s. There, the lightning season reaches a higher maximum and starts one month earlier, likely due to the earlier snow melt. Diurnally, the peak is up to 50% stronger with more lightning strikes in the afternoon and evening hours. Signals along the southern and northern alpine rim are similar but weaker whereas the flatlands north of the Alps have no significant trend.
Molecular Interactions of Zyesami with the SARS-CoV-2 nsp10/nsp16
Protein Complex
Authors: Alnomasy Sultan F. , Alotaibi Bader S. , Aldosari Ziyad M. , Mujamammi Ahmed H. , Alzamami Ahmad , Anand Pragya , Akhter Yusuf , Khan Farhan R. , Hasan Mohammad R. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and caused COVID-19. Patients treated
with Zyesami were found to have a 3-fold decrease in respiratory failure and improved clinical
outcomes. It was reported that Zyesami inhibits RNA replication of SARS-CoV-2, including several
non-structural proteins essential in viral RNA replication. SARS-CoV-2 is a distinctive virus
that requires nsp10 and nsp16 for its methyltransferases activity which is crucial for RNA stability
and protein synthesis.

Objective:
We aimed the in silico determination of inhibitory consequences of Zyesami on the
SARS-CoV-2 nsp10/nsp16 complex. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 nsp10/ nsp16 protein complex may
be used to develop a drug against COVID-19.

Methods:
I-TASSER was used for secondary structure prediction of Zyesami. CABS-dock was
used to model Zyesami with SARS-CoV-2 nsp16 interaction. The docked complex was visualized
using PyMol. The quality of the docking model was checked by using ProQdock.

Results:
The 3D structure of SARS-CoV 2, nsp10/nsp16 showed that essential interactions exist
between nsp10 and nsp16. Significant contact areas of Zyesami exist across amino acid residues of
nsp10; Asn40-Thr47, Val57-Pro59, Gly69-Ser72, Cys77-Pro84, Lys93-Tyr96. In addition, polar contacts
between nsp16 and Zyesami are Asn299-Ser440, Val297-Asn443, Gly149-Tyr437, Gln159-Lys430, Asn178-
Arg429, Ser146-Arg429, Ser146-Arg429, Lys147-Arg429, Asr221-Thr422, Lys183-Asp423, Lys183-Asp423, and
Gln219-Asp423 the residues are shown of nsp16 and Zyesami respectively.

Conclusion:
The structural bioinformatics analyses have indicated the potential binding specificity
of Zyesami and nsp16. Data predict how the initial binding of Zyesami with nsp10 and nsp16 may
occur. Moreover, this binding could significantly inhibit the 2 -O-MTase activity of the SARSCoV
nsp10/16 complex.
Effects of Health Intentions and Health-promoting Behavior on Selfesteem
among School-aged Children in South Korea
Authors: Cha Nam Hyun , Kim Jin , Jeon Ga Eul 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of self-esteem and
the relationships between health-promoting behavior, health intentions, and self-esteem among
school-aged children and provide basic data for the development of programs that can influence
self-esteem among school-aged children in South Korea.

Introduction:
This study aimed to identify the predictors of self-esteem and the relationships between health intentions and health-promoting behavior and self-esteem among school-aged children.

Methods:
The study design was a cross-sectional study. The data were collected using a selfreported questionnaire on health intentions, health-promoting behavior, and self-esteem. The data
were collected from elementary school students from February 3 to 13, 2020. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS program

Results:
Positive correlations were found between self-esteem and both health-promoting behavior
(r=.503, p<0.001) and health intentions (r=.511, p<0.001). Also, the relationship between health intentions and health-promoting behavior (r = 0.629, p < 0.001) exhibited positive correlation. Self-esteem
was identified as a significant predictor of health intentions (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), health-promoting
behavior (β = 0.21, p < 0.001), school records (β = -0.20 p < 0.001), perceived health status (β =
0.18, p < 0.001), and academic grade (β = -0.10, p < 0.05), with an explanatory power of 39.0%.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that self-esteem positively affects health intentions and healthpromoting behavior
Short Term Effects of Inhalation Sedation on Child Dental Fear and Anxiety
Authors: Bangash Madeeha , Mustafa Laila , Irshad Muhammad , Omer Qaiser , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Dental procedures profoundly affect a child's dental fear and anxiety, ren-dering dental treatment difficult. Inhalation sedation with a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (NO2/02) breathed through a nosepiece is a form of light conscious sedation widely used in appre-hensive children to help them relax and accept dental treatment. This, however, can have both short-and long-term effects on child dental fear and anxiety. This study aimed to assess the short-term immediate effect of inhalation sedation on child dental fear and anxiety scores.

Methods:
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Den-tistry at Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan, over a period of 1.9 years (January 2019- October 2020). A total of 171 children aged 6-11 years were selected with moderate to severe dental anxiety using the Child Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), requiring pulp therapy in at least one of their deciduous molars. Baseline anxiety scores were calculated using Venham Clinical Anxiety Score (VCAS) and Venham Picture test (VPT) with a dental check-up and fluoride application. VCAS and VPT scores were then assessed at the end of their scheduled second dental visit involving dental anaesthesia and inhalation sedation. VCAS and VPT scores at the end of treatment were compared with the baseline scores.

Results:
Out of 171 children, 86 were male and 85 were female, with a mean age of 7.77. Females showed a higher range of VCAS and VPT scores (p ≤0.001) compared to males. The VCAS and VPT scores declined just at the end of the second dental visit following dental anaesthesia with in-halation sedation (mean difference = 1.96 and 3.39, respectively), which was statistically significant (p ≤0.001).

Conclusion:
Inhalation sedation has a significant role in reducing child dental fear and anxiety in the short term.
Sonographic Features of Primary Breast Lymphoma: An Analysis of 10
Cases
Authors: Liu Xinying , Liu Jingyun , Chen Shuangxi 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare malignant breast tumor. The literature
concerning PBL ultrasound is based primarily on case reports, with only a few cases reported to
date.

Purpose:
This study aimed to elucidate the sonographic characteristics of PBL and explore the value of
ultrasonography in the preoperative diagnosis of PBL using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data
System (BI-RADS).

Methods:
A retrospective review of files involving a diagnosis of PBL (2013–2020) was conducted in
the Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, and the First Affiliated
Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou. The clinical characteristics and sonographic
features of 12 lesions in 10 patients were analyzed and discussed in light of the literature.

Results:
All patients, aged 50.40 ± 14.31 years (range 30–66 years), had clinically palpable lumps.
Most cases were on the right breast and were unilateral. Only one patient had mucosa-associated lymphoma.
The histological type of the other patients was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Ultrasonography
revealed nodular and diffuse PBL lesions without internal calcification. The nodular PBL
was hypoechoic or mixed hypo- to hyperechoic, with a differential lobulated shape and horizontal
growth. Although color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) showed no significant features, the ultrasound
findings were categorized as BI-RADS 4 in 10 of the 12 lesions and BI-RADS 5 in two lesions. All
patients were suspected of having malignancies (BI-RADS 4 or 5).

Conclusion:
PBL was mostly found in middle-aged and elderly women, and the right breast was more
prone to the development of malignancies. PBL lesions were classified as either nodular or diffuse
based on the boundaries of the tumors in the ultrasound images. Typical PBL was characterized by
hypoechoic or heterogeneous lesions with circumscribed or microlobulated margins and horizontal
growth. The sonographic features of the PBL lesions and the BI-RADS categorizations of the lesions
analyzed suggested malignancy.
CT Reconstruction Algorithm and Low Contrast Detectability of Phantom
Study: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Adibah Yusof Nur Aimi , Abdul Karim Muhammad Khalis , Asikin Nursyazalina Mohd , Paiman Suriati , Awang Kechik Mohd Mustafa , Abdul Rahman Mohd Amiruddin , Noor Noramaliza Mohd 
Published: August 2022

Background:
For almost three decades, computed tomography (CT) has been extensively used in medical diagnosis which led researchers to conduct linking of CT dose exposure with image quality

Methods:
In this study, a systematic review and a meta-analysis study were conducted on CT phantom for resolution study especially based on the low contrast detectability (LCD). Furthermore, the association between the CT parameter such as tube voltage and the type of reconstruction algorithm and amount of phantom scanning in affecting the image quality and the exposure dose were also investigated in this study. We utilize PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus databases to search related published articles from year 2011 until 2020. The notable keyword comprises of “computed tomography”, “CT phantom”, “low contrast detectability”. Of 52 articles, 20 articles is within the inclusion criteria in this systematic review.

Results:
The dichotomous outcomes were chosen to represent the results in terms of risk ratio as per meta-analysis study. Notably, the noise in iterative reconstruction (IR) reduced by 24%,33% and 36% with the use of smooth, medium and sharp filters, respectively. Furthermore, adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR 3D) improved image quality and the visibility of smaller less dense objects compared to filtered back-projection. Most of the researchers used 120 kVp tube voltage to scan phantom for quality assurance study.

Conclusion:
Hence, the optimization of primary factor such as tube potential reduce the dose exposure significantly and with the optimize IR technique could substantially reduce the radiation dose whilst maintaining the image quality.