bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reclamation of wastewater in wetlands using reed plants and biochar
Authors: Asaad Amany A. , El-Hawary Ahmed M. , Abbas Mohamed H. H. , Mohamed Ibrahim , Abdelhafez Ahmed A. , Bassouny Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo cope with water crisis, wastewater reuse has been introduced as a potential source for irrigation. On the other hand, irrigation with wastewater may negatively affect the surroundings. In this study, reed plant (Phragmits australis) and its biochar were tested as low-cost treatments to enhance the efficiency of wastewater reclamation in wetlands within only 72 h. The investigated water was of low irrigation quality and exhibited high contents of BOD5 and fecal coliform. Moreover, this water contained high levels of soluble cations and anions; besides, being marginally contaminated with Cu, Mn and Cd. After 2 days in the sedimentation unit, wastewater was subjected to three reclamation treatments in parallel (each lasted for 24 h): (1) a “sand & gravel bed”, (2) “reed plants grown on a sand & gravel bed” and (3) “biochar + a sand & gravel bed”. The results showed that all treatments decreased BOD5, fecal coliform, total cations and anions, with superiority for the second and third treatments. The levels of the potentially toxic elements also decreased to values within the permissible levels. Although the aforementioned wastewater treatment processes upgraded the quality of this water, it remained in the poor grade. Biochar or reed plants grown on sand and gravel beds significantly improved wastewater quality to the medium quality grade, with superiority for biochar treatment. In conclusion, investigated treatments are guaranteed in wetlands for wastewater reclamation; yet, further protocols should be followed to achieve safe handling of this water and attain the sustainable goals.
Proline, hydroxyproline, and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid derivatives as highly efficient but reversible transdermal permeation enhancers
Authors: Kopečná Monika , Macháček Miloslav , Roh Jaroslav , Vávrová Kateřina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOvercoming the skin barrier properties efficiently, temporarily, and safely for successful transdermal drug delivery remains a challenge. We synthesized three series of potential skin permeation enhancers derived from natural amino acid derivatives proline, 4-hydroxyproline, and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, which is a component of natural moisturizing factor. Permeation studies using in vitro human skin identified dodecyl prolinates with N-acetyl, propionyl, and butyryl chains (Pro2, Pro3, and Pro4, respectively) as potent enhancers for model drugs theophylline and diclofenac. The proline derivatives were generally more active than 4-hydroxyprolines and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid derivatives. Pro2–4 had acceptable in vitro toxicities on 3T3 fibroblast and HaCaT cell lines with IC50 values in tens of µM. Infrared spectroscopy using the human stratum corneum revealed that these enhancers preferentially interacted with the skin barrier lipids and decreased the overall chain order without causing lipid extraction, while their effects on the stratum corneum protein structures were negligible. The impacts of Pro3 and Pro4 on an in vitro transepidermal water loss and skin electrical impedance were fully reversible. Thus, proline derivatives Pro3 and Pro4 have an advantageous combination of high enhancing potency, low cellular toxicity, and reversible action, which is important for their potential in vivo use as the skin barrier would quickly recover after the drug/enhancer administration is terminated.
Infancy, childhood, and puberty on the Silk Road revealed with isotopic analysis of incremental dentine
Authors: Wang Tingting , Wei Dong , Yi Bing , Jiang Hongen , Li Wenying , Hu Yaowu , Fuller Benjamin T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildhood is a unique phase in human life history, in which newborns are breastfed and weaned, and are progressively familiarized to adult diets. By investigating dietary changes from infancy to adolescence, valuable information regarding past cultural behaviors and aspects of human lives can be explored and elucidated. Here, in conjunction with published isotopic results of serial dentine (n = 21) from Yingpan Man, new δ13C and δ15N results are obtained from 172 samples of incremental dentine from 8 teeth of 8 individuals of the Yingpan cemetery, located in Xinjiang, China. The δ13C values range from – 18.2 to – 14.6‰ with a mean ± SD value of – 16.3 ± 0.9‰, and the δ15N results range between 13.4 and 19.9‰ with a mean ± SD value of 16.0 ± 1.4‰. This indicates that the childhood diets were mixtures of C3 and C4 dietary resources and were clearly influenced by breastfeeding and weaning practices. In particular, the findings indicate that there were significant inter-individual differences in terms of the timing and duration of breastfeeding and weaning practices as well as childhood dietary practices at Yingpan. For instance, three individuals were exclusively breastfed after birth, while, two individuals and Yingpan Man were not. In addition, the post-weaning diets of most Yingpan individuals were relatively stable, but one individual and Yingpan Man displayed clear evidence of increased consumption of C4 foods, likely millet, during late and post-weaning periods. Further, 7 individuals had unique dietary changes between 9 to 14 years old. Potential factors related to this are presented from the perspective of changes in social roles that might be caused by their early participation in the social division of labor or puberty and marriage.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Hybrid nanoparticulate system of Fluvastatin loaded phospholipid, alpha lipoic acid and melittin for the management of colon cancer
Authors: Alfaleh Mohamed A. , Fahmy Omar , Al-Rabia Mohammed W. , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. , Ahmed Osama A. A. , Fahmy Usama A. , H. Alsulimani Helal , Badr-Eldin Shaimaa M. , Aldawsari Hibah M. , Aldhabi Bander M. , Alharbi Awaad S. , Alhakamy Nabil A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, Fluvastatin (FLV) is used for reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol as well as to prevent cardiovascular problems. FLV showed cell line cytotoxicity and antitumor effect. Melittin (MEL) exhibits antineoplastic activity and is known to be promising as a therapeutic option for cancer patients. The aim of this work was to investigate the combination of FLV with MEL loaded hybrid formula of phospholipid (PL) with alpha lipoic acid (ALA) nanoparticles to maximize anticancer tendencies. This study examines the optimization of the prepared formulation in order to minimize nanoparticles size and maximize zeta potential to potentiate cytotoxic potentialities in colon cancer cells (Caco2), cell viability, cell cycle analysis and annexin V were tested. In addition to biological markers as P53, Bax, bcl2 and Caspase 3 evaluation The combination involving FLV PL ALA MEL showed enhanced cytotoxic potentiality (IC50 = 9.242 ± 0.35 µg/mL), about twofold lower, compared to the raw FLV (IC50 = 21.74 ± 0.82 µg/mL). According to studies analyzing cell cycle, optimized FLV PL ALA MEL was found to inhibit Caco2 colon cancer cells more significantly than other therapeutic treatments, wherein a higher number of cells were found to accumulate over G2/M and pre-G1 phases, whereas G0/G1/S phases witnessed the accumulation of a lower number of cells. The optimized formulation may pave the way for a novel and more efficacious treatment for colon cancer.
Model simulations unveil the structure-function-dynamics relationship of the cerebellar cortical microcircuit
Authors: De Schepper Robin , Geminiani Alice , Masoli Stefano , Rizza Martina Francesca , Antonietti Alberto , Casellato Claudia , D’Angelo Egidio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe cerebellar network is renowned for its regular architecture that has inspired foundational computational theories. However, the relationship between circuit structure, function and dynamics remains elusive. To tackle the issue, we developed an advanced computational modeling framework that allows us to reconstruct and simulate the structure and function of the mouse cerebellar cortex using morphologically realistic multi-compartmental neuron models. The cerebellar connectome is generated through appropriate connection rules, unifying a collection of scattered experimental data into a coherent construct and providing a new model-based ground-truth about circuit organization. Naturalistic background and sensory-burst stimulation are used for functional validation against recordings in vivo, monitoring the impact of cellular mechanisms on signal propagation, inhibitory control, and long-term synaptic plasticity. Our simulations show how mossy fibers entrain the local neuronal microcircuit, boosting the formation of columns of activity travelling from the granular to the molecular layer providing a new resource for the investigation of local microcircuit computation and of the neural correlates of behavior.
Representations and decodability of diverse cognitive functions are preserved across the human cortex, cerebellum, and subcortex
Authors: Nakai Tomoya , Nishimoto Shinji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhich part of the brain contributes to our complex cognitive processes? Studies have revealed contributions of the cerebellum and subcortex to higher-order cognitive functions; however, it has been unclear whether such functional representations are preserved across the cortex, cerebellum, and subcortex. In this study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging data with 103 cognitive tasks and construct three voxel-wise encoding and decoding models independently using cortical, cerebellar, and subcortical voxels. Representational similarity analysis reveals that the structure of task representations is preserved across the three brain parts. Principal component analysis visualizes distinct organizations of abstract cognitive functions in each part of the cerebellum and subcortex. More than 90% of the cognitive tasks are decodable from the cerebellum and subcortical activities, even for the novel tasks not included in model training. Furthermore, we show that the cerebellum and subcortex have sufficient information to reconstruct activity in the cerebral cortex.
Observation of the proton emitter $${}_{\,57}^{116}$$La59
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cederwall Bo , Aktas Özge , Liu Xiaoyu , Ertoprak Aysegül , Nyberg Ayse , Auranen Kalle , Alayed Betool , Badran Hussam , Boston Helen , Doncel Maria , Forsberg Ulrika , Grahn Tuomas , Greenlees Paul T. , Guo Song , Heery Jacob , Hilton Joshua , Jenkins David , Julin Rauno , Juutinen Sakari , Luoma Minna , Neuvonen Olavi , Ojala Joonas , Page Robert D. , Pakarinen Janne , Partanen Jari , Paul Edward S. , Petrache Costel , Rahkila Panu , Ruotsalainen Panu , Sandzelius Mikael , Sarén Jan , Szwec Stuart , Tann Holly , Uusitalo Juha , Wadsworth Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe quantum tunneling and emission of a single constituent nucleon provide a beautifully simple and unique window into the complex properties of atomic nuclei at the extreme edge of nuclear existence. In particular, for odd-odd proton emitting nuclides, the associated decay energy and partial half-life can be used to probe the correlations between the valence neutrons and protons which have been theoretically predicted to favour a new type of nuclear superfluidity, isoscalar neutron-proton pairing, for which the experimental “smoking gun" remains elusive. In the present work, proton emission from the lanthanum isotope $${}_{\,57}^{116}$$

57

116

La59, 23 neutrons away from the only stable isotope $${}_{\,57}^{139}$$

57

139

La82, is reported. 116La nuclei were synthesised in the fusion-evaporation reaction 58Ni(64Zn, p5n)116La and identified via their proton radioactivity using the mass spectrometer MARA (Mass Analysing Recoil Apparatus) and the silicon detectors placed at its focal plane. Comparisons of the measured proton energy (Ep = 718 ± 9 keV) and half-life (T1/2 = 50 ± 22 ms) with values calculated using the Universal Decay Law approach indicate that the proton is emitted with an orbital angular momentum l = 2 and that its emission probability is enhanced relative to its closest, less exotic, odd-even lanthanum isotope ($${}_{\,57}^{117}$$

57

117

La60) while the proton-emission Q-value is lower. We propose this to be a possible signature for the presence of strong neutron-proton pair correlations in this exotic, neutron deficient system. The observations of γ decays from isomeric states in 116La and 117La are also reported.
Phase separation and other forms of α-Synuclein self-assemblies
Authors: Poudyal Manisha , Sakunthala Arunima , Mukherjee Semanti , Gadhe Laxmikant , Maji Samir K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a natively unstructured protein, which self-assembles into higher-order aggregates possessing serious pathophysiological implications. α-Syn aberrantly self-assembles into protein aggregates, which have been widely implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis and other synucleinopathies. The self-assembly of α-Syn involves the structural conversion of soluble monomeric protein into oligomeric intermediates and eventually fibrillar aggregates of amyloids with cross-β-sheet rich conformation. These aggregated α-Syn species majorly constitute the intraneuronal inclusions, which is a hallmark of PD neuropathology. Self-assembly/aggregation of α-Syn is not a single-state conversion process as unfolded protein can access multiple conformational states through the formation of metastable, transient pre-fibrillar intermediate species. Recent studies have indicated that soluble oligomers are the potential neurotoxic species responsible for cell death in PD pathogenesis. The heterogeneous and transient nature of oligomers formed during the early stage of aggregation pathway limit their detailed study in understanding the structure–toxicity relationship. Moreover, the precise molecular events occurring in the early stage of α-Syn aggregation process majorly remain unsolved. Recently, liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of α-Syn has been designated as an alternate nucleation mechanism, which occurs in the early lag phase of the aggregation pathway leading to the formation of dynamic supramolecular assemblies. The stronger self-association among the protein molecules triggers the irreversible liquid-to-solid transition of these supramolecular assemblies into the amyloid-like hydrogel, which may serve as a reservoir entrapping toxic oligomeric intermediates and fibrils. This review strives to provide insights into different modes of α-Syn self-assemblies including LLPS-mediated self-assembly and its recent advancements.
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Clinical Practice Guideline on Aural Rehabilitation for Adults With Hearing Loss
Authors: Aural Rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guideline Development  , Basura Gregory , Cienkowski Kathleen , Hamlin Lise , Ray Christin , Rutherford Cherilee , Stamper Greta , Schooling Tracy , Ambrose Julie 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Hearing loss poses a significant public health challenge as a common chronic condition with many known side effects that are often worse when left untreated. Aural rehabilitation (AR) is an umbrella term that encompasses a range of interventions (e.g., informational counseling and perceptual training) designed to reduce deficits related to hearing loss that may stand alone or be used in combination as part of a holistic plan.

Purpose:
This evidence-based clinical practice guideline is intended to inform the implementation of person-centered AR to adults with hearing loss. Given the well-known benefits of sensory management, it was not included within the scope of this guideline. The recommendations aim to help clinicians, individuals with hearing loss, and other stakeholders make evidence-informed treatment decisions and improve clinical outcomes, as well as provide payers and policymakers with information detailing a comprehensive approach to AR.

Method:
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) and a multidisciplinary panel of subject matter experts prioritized key clinical questions and outcomes that served as the foundation of the guideline. The clinical recommendations were based on a comprehensive systematic review and a meta-analysis of 85 studies published between 1978 and 2021.

Recommendations:
Given the current state of the evidence, resource considerations, patient acceptability, clinical feasibility, and the overall balance of benefits and harms, ASHA developed several evidence-based recommendations for the provision of AR to adults with hearing loss. Each recommendation is accompanied by a series of key practice points to support its implementation within a person-centered framework.
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Clinical Practice Guideline: Cognitive Rehabilitation for the Management of Cognitive Dysfunction Associated With Acquired Brain Injury
Authors:   Guideline Development Panel Jessica Brown Conceptualization Formal analysis Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing Darryl Kaelin Conceptualization Formal analysis Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing Erin Mattingly Conceptualization Formal analysis Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing Catherine Mello Conceptualization Formal analysis Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing E. Sam Miller Conceptualization Formal analysis Writing – original draft Writing, Frymark Tobi , Bowen Rebecca 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Cognitive-communication impairments following acquired brain injury (ABI) can have devastating effects on a person's ability to participate in community, social, vocational, and academic preinjury roles and responsibilities. Guidelines for evidence-based practices are needed to assist speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and other rehabilitation specialists in the delivery of cognitive rehabilitation for the adult population.

Purpose:
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, in conjunction with a multidisciplinary panel of subject matter experts, developed this guideline to identify best practice recommendations for the delivery of cognitive rehabilitation to adults with cognitive dysfunction associated with ABI.

Method:
A multidisciplinary panel identified 19 critical questions to be addressed in the guideline. Literature published between 1980 and 2020 was identified based on a set of a priori inclusion/exclusion criteria, and main findings were pooled and organized into summary of findings tables. Following the principles of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Evidence to Decision Framework, the panel drafted recommendations, when appropriate, based on the findings, overall quality of the evidence, balance of benefits and harms, patient preferences, resource implications, and the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive rehabilitation.

Recommendations:
This guideline includes one overarching evidence-based recommendation that addresses the management of cognitive dysfunction following ABI and 11 subsequent recommendations focusing on cognitive rehabilitation treatment approaches, methods, and manner of delivery. In addition, this guideline includes an overarching consensus-based recommendation and seven additional consensus recommendations highlighting the role of the SLP in the screening, assessment, and treatment of adults with cognitive dysfunction associated with ABI. Future research considerations are also discussed.
A novel hybrid grey wolf optimized fuzzy logic control based photovoltaic water pumping system
Authors: Priyadarshi Neeraj , Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Bhaskar Mahajan Sagar , Azam Farooque , Khan Baseem , Hussien Mohamed G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the novel scientific contribution of a modified hybrid grey wolf optimization‐fuzzy logic controller (GWO‐FLC) based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a photovoltaic (PV) system. The modified GWO eliminates the lower rank (δ) and lowest rank (Ψ) wolves, which provides a rapid search method to track global maximum point (GMPP) in a lesser period. The hybrid GWO‐FLC based MPPT technique provides tracking of GMPP with zero oscillations and high PV power tracking under rapid weather fluctuations. The GWO technique acquires GMPP and provides soft tuning of fuzzy parameters to achieve high PV power tracking with zero oscillations around GMPP. The experimental responses confirm changing environmental situations. The dSPACE real‐time platform has been employed to validate the proposed hybrid MPPT controller design, which provides optimal PV power tracking with accurate efficiency, fast convergence velocity, and less computational period. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) driven PV water pump is proposed in this research work. The proposed PV water pumping has low cost and no voltage, and current sensors are employed to generate a gating pattern of an SRM based mid‐point converter, which reduces the losses.
Card-not-present fraud: using crime scripts to inform crime prevention initiatives
Authors: Bodker Amanda , Connolly Phil , Sing Oliver , Hutchins Benjamin , Townsley Michael , Drew Jacqueline 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGrowth in the online retail sector and improvements in card-present authorisation measures have led to substantial increases in card-not-present (CNP) fraud, particularly in the online retail sector. This article uses crime script analysis to understand the commission process of CNP fraud in online retail settings. Drawing upon previous crime script articles and industry reports we outline the steps involved in the three stages of CNP fraud: preparation; doing it; and getting away. From this script, points of disruption are identified and we discuss prevention measures that stakeholders such as businesses and financial institutions could implement to reduce bad actors opportunities for CNP fraud.
High-resolution Compton spectroscopy using x-ray microcalorimeters
Authors: Patel U. , Guruswamy T. , Krzysko A. J. , Charalambous H. , Gades L. , Wiaderek K. , Quaranta O. , Ren Y. , Yakovenko A. , Ruett U. , Miceli A. 
Published: November 2022

X-ray Compton spectroscopy is one of the few direct probes of the electron momentum distribution of bulk materials in ambient and operando environments. We report high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering experiments with high momentum and energy transfer performed at a storage-ring-based high-energy x-ray light source facility using an x-ray transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter detector. The performance was compared with a silicon drift detector (SDD), an energy-resolving semiconductor detector, and Compton profiles were measured for lithium and cobalt oxide powders relevant to lithium-ion battery research. Spectroscopic analysis of the measured Compton profiles demonstrates the high-sensitivity to the low-Z elements and oxidation states. The line shape analysis of the measured Compton profiles in comparison with computed Hartree–Fock profiles is usually limited by the resolution of the semiconductor detector. We have characterized an x-ray TES microcalorimeter detector for high-resolution Compton scattering experiments using a bending magnet source at the Advanced Photon Source with a double crystal monochromator, providing monochromatic photon energies near 27.5 keV. The momentum resolution below 0.16 atomic units (a.u.) was measured, yielding an improvement of more than a factor of 7 over a state-of-the-art SDD for the same scattering geometry. Furthermore, the lineshapes of narrow valence and broad core electron profiles of sealed lithium metal were clearly resolved using an x-ray TES compared to smeared and broadened lineshapes observed when using the SDD. High-resolution Compton scattering using the energy-resolving area detector shown here presents new opportunities for spatial imaging of electron momentum distributions for a wide class of materials with applications ranging from electrochemistry to condensed matter physics.