bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Accuracy of Geoid Heights Derived from Discrete GNSS/Levelling Data Using Kriging Interpolation
Authors: Alcaras Emanuele , Amoroso Pier Paolo , Falchi Ugo , Parente Claudio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Local geoid models presenting higher resolution than global ones are generally derived by a combination of different datasets, integrating individual pure astrogeodetic, gravimetric and GNSS/levelling solutions. To define local geoid, different interpolators may be applied starting from dataset of geoid height values. It is well known that the accuracy of the resulting models depends not only by interpolation method, but also by points numerosity and distribution. This article aims to analyse the performance of Kriging approaches in dependence of the density of the dataset. The experiments are carried out on geoid heights extracted in random way from an already existing local geoid model: different subsets are organized containing an increasing number of points in the same area and each of them is submitted to Kriging interpolations (Universal Kriging and Ordinary Kriging). The resulting models are compared with the original one and residuals are calculated to evaluate the accuracy in dependence of point density. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the Kriging methods, highlighting the possibility to achieve higher accuracy (a few centimetres) using a point density of 1 point/100 sqkm, in absence of gravity anomalies. Ordinary Kriging provides better results than Universal Kriging but the undulations between the resulting models are minimal (a few millimetres) when a high number of points is involved. Furthermore, the results highlight the limit of the leave one out Cross validation since it supplies higher residuals than direct comparison for both Universal Kriging and Ordinary Kriging, when few points are used.
When the Footprint Is a Carbon One: A Sustainable Paradigm for the Analysis of the Contemporary Society
Authors: Calderamo Arianna , Nocenzi Mariella 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStarting from the commonly used meaning of a “human” footprint, connected to the traces that every action, product or process leaves in the atmosphere as greenhouse gases, the paper explores new perspectives for a changing social theory considering the principles of sustainability. This theoretical hypothesis stands on the necessity of a revision of the sociological principles to observe and analyse the contemporary phenomena connected to economic, political and social transformations due to environmental problems. The focus is on human action and its new role in the changing social space, time and relations. The application of these revised notions to a concrete process, such as the assessment of policies and social participation in Italian National Parks, according to the “positive thinking” model, will add some evidence about the radical transformation of cognitive paths and social dynamics.
The Right to be Forgotten in the Digital Age
Authors: Allegri Maria Romana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe right to be forgotten (RTBF) is meant to provide individuals with an actual representation of their personal identity by obtaining the erasure of their past “digital traces” left online. In 2014, the CJEU’s leading case Google Spain accorded the data subject the right to obtain the de-referencing of personal information related to past events from search engines. Consequently, the RTBF has been included in the title of Article 17 GDPR as a synonym of the right to erasure, without however being explicitly explained or regulated. Alongside this process, the ECtHR has constantly highlighted the need for fair balancing between the right to respect for private life and the right to freedom of expression, often denying the applicants the right to obtain removal or anonymization of news reports published in the past because of their permanent public interest. By stressing that Internet archives constitute an important source for education and historical research, it admitted, though, that the obligations of search engines may differ from those of the original publishers of the information. This reasoning, however, does not seem to have influenced a recent decision of the ItalianCorte di Cassazione, commented in the final part of this chapter.
Countering “Surveillance Capitalism.” The Intertwining of Objective and Subjective Factors
Authors: Susca Emanuela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhy do users generally pay little attention to the serious threats to their privacy inherent in new communication technologies? In attempting to answer this question, I consider two different and complementary approaches to the issue of surveillance: the now classic view of Bauman and the more recent, but already well-known, view of Zuboff. I show how Bauman focuses mainly on subjective factors, represented by the psychic motivations of the user, and assigns little importance to technology, whereas technology as an objective factor plays a fundamental role in Zuboff’s analysis of surveillance capitalism.Hence, I propose to broaden the theoretical framework in order to better capture the intertwining of subjective and objective factors, particularly by taking into account studies on the new philanthropy. On closer inspection, the fact that the new economy tycoons are also often committed to ostentatiously doing good for the less fortunate could explain users’ overconfidence. Since ordinary people see the alleged generosity of the owners of Microsoft, Amazon, or Facebook widely publicized, it is reasonable for them to assume that these “modern-day heroes” are offering their services free of charge to all and sundry for the common good.
Investigating Exhaust Data in Virtual Communities
Authors: Agostini Stefano , Gianturco Giovanna , Mechant Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContemporary society is an “informational” or “networked” society, actualized by individuals engaging in communication processes that take place in online social networks. While interpreting “traces” as “documents in archives (which) for the most part come from witnesses in spite of themselves” ((Ricoeur, Memory, history, forgetting. University of Chicago Press, 2009: 171), we will explore how the users of virtual communities consider and use these traces in different ways than originally intended, thus acquiring different meanings. In specific, we will focus on two research questions in this chapter: (1) What are the features of the information that are left unintentionally by the users of virtual communities? and (2) What is the role of such unintentional information in virtual communities? In order to answer these research questions, we use data gathered by means of 49 semi-structured qualitative interviews (see Agostini & Mechant, International Journal Of Electrical, Electronics And Data Communication (IJEEDC) 3:19–23, 2015). Results show how the members of virtual communities play an active role in decoding “traces” as they rely on their own social contexts and are capable of changing messages themselves through collective action. We also demonstrate that sense of community is mediated by community awareness and that the regular exchange of information has a positive effect on the different dimensions that support sense of community.
Visible and Invisible Traces: Managing the Self on Social Media Platforms
Authors: Casagrande Gaia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the traces that we voluntarily leave behind on social media platforms, dictated by the selection of what we want to show and what we want to hide and how this affects the perception of ourselves.Nowadays, digital platforms have a huge impact on our lives, in re-shaping both our habits and our personal attitudes. Particularly on social media, both tangible and intangible aspects of our lives can be datafied, which in turn affect and shape our feelings and experiences.In order to explore this dynamic, I interviewed a selected target group of young media professionals who are used to promoting themselves and their work on social media, through the so-called practice of self-branding.From the qualitative analysis of 20 in-depth interviews, this chapter investigates traces derived from implicit self-branding practices, which can take the form of controlling what is not to be shared, measuring the online reactions, and hiding relevant information. All these non-activities are also strategic in building and managing the users’ online branded personas.Thus, through the management of the visible and invisible traces on social media profiles, users convey a branded and polished version of themselves.
Themen und Thesen dieses Buches
Authors: Weißmann Martin 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer in der Einleitung zu diesem Buch formulierte Anspruch war, Übersetzungsarbeit zwischen zwei Bereichen sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung zu leisten: Der zeitgenössischen, nur durch ihren Gegenstandsbezug integrierten, empiristischen Polizeiforschung auf der einen Seite und einigen stärker theorieorientierten Bereichen soziologischer Forschung auf der anderen Seite. Realisiert wurde dieser Anspruch in der Durchführung von Analysen von Polizei als Organisation und Polizeiarbeit als professioneller Arbeit. Diese Analysen wiederum wurden vorbereitet und gerahmt durch die Diskussion und Entwicklung von Konzepten wie demjenigen der „Grenzrolle“ oder der „misstrauischen Sozialsysteme“ sowie des Äquivalenzfunktionalismus als Methode soziologischer Analyse, Begriffsbildung und Kritik. Jedes Kapitel enthält eigene, in sich relativ abgeschlossene Argumentationen, die hier abschließend noch einmal im Zusammenhang in Erinnerung gerufen werden sollen.
Verräter und Spione. Die Informanten der Kriminalpolizei
Authors: Weißmann Martin 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungIn Anschluss an die historischen Analysen zur (Vor-)Geschichte kriminalpolizeilicher Behörden beschäftigt sich das sechste Kapitel mit dem Informationsproblem der modernen Polizei. Der Ausgangspunkt ist die Überlegung, dass dieses Problem als erwartbare Folge der Ausdifferenzierung von ermittelnden und normabweichenden Systemen aus der sie umfassenden Sozialwelt rekonstruiert werden kann (6.1). Daran anschließend formuliere ich einen Vorschlag für eine Typologie der Informanten der Polizei und anderer ermittelnder Sozialsysteme in Form einer durch zwei aufeinander bezogene Unterscheidungen konstituierten Kreuztabelle: Stammt der Informant aus dem Kontext, über den er informiert – oder wurde er vom ermittelnden System zum Zweck der Informationsbeschaffung in diesen Kontext entsendet? Und: Handelt es sich um einen einmaligen Kontakt oder sind Ermittler und Informant Teilnehmer eines auf Wiederholung angelegten Kontaktsystems (6.2)? Schließlich beschäftige ich mich mit den Folgeproblemen der für die moderne Polizeiarbeit charakteristischen Formalisierung der Informantenrolle (6.3) sowie den Versuchen ermittelnder Systeme, Mitwisser in Informanten zu transformieren (6.4) und sie in ihrer Glaubwürdigkeit einzuschätzen (6.5).
Wohlwollende Zweifel und simulierte Rechtsberatung. Die polizeiliche Beschuldigtenvernehmung als Grenzsystem
Authors: Weißmann Martin 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel analysiert den Interaktionstyp der polizeilichen Beschuldigtenvernehmung als Grenzsystem zwischen Beschuldigtem und Justiz (Staatsanwaltschaft und Gericht). Die Grenzstellung erlaubt dem Polizisten, eine gewisse Distanz zu den Zielen sowie Einfluss auf die Entscheidungen der Staatsanwaltschaft darzustellen (insbesondere durch die Formulierung des Aussageprotokolls) und seine Skepsis bezüglich der Darstellung des Beschuldigten als wohlwollende Zweifel, als Dienst an dessen möglichst plausibler Darstellung vor der Anklagebehörde zu präsentieren. Weder (simulierte) Freundschaft, noch (simulierte) Feindschaft sind also das zentrale Erfolgsmittel des Vernehmers, sondern die Inszenierung als persönlich nicht involvierter Rechtsberater des Beschuldigten und Vermittler gegenüber einer ihm ansonsten feindlich gesonnenen Justiz. So wird verständlich, dass die Mehrzahl Beschuldigter trotz ihres Rechts auf Aussageverweigerung bei der Polizei eine oft selbstbelastende Aussage zu Protokoll gibt.
Fehler bei der Arbeit. Der polizeiliche Korpsgeist als Fall einer berufsgruppenspezifischen Versicherungsgemeinschaft
Authors: Weißmann Martin 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie These des Kapitels ist, dass die Genese und Stabilität von Solidaritätsnormen unter Polizisten am besten und primär als Reaktion auf das geteilte Risiko der einzelnen Polizisten erklärt werden kann, im Zuge der Durchführung entgleisender polizeilicher Einsätze Straftaten wie Hausfriedensbruch, Nötigung, Freiheitsberaubung, Körperverletzung oder Strafvereitelung im Amt zu begehen. Wenn jede Polizistin davon ausgehen muss, im Zuge ihres Berufslebens Straftaten dieser Art vor den Augen ihrer Kolleginnen zu begehen, weiß sie, dass sie auf das stumme Einverständnis der Dienstgruppe bezüglich der Unvermeidbarkeit und Akzeptabilität unrechtmäßiger polizeilicher Maßnahmen angewiesen ist. Angesichts der für professionelle Berufsgruppen charakteristischen Kombination von Problemlagen (Handlungszwang unter Bedingung knapper Zeit, ohne vollständige Informationen und mit gesellschaftlich als hoch bedeutsam eingeschätzten und irreversiblen Folgen, oft für das Wohlergehen von Personen) wird die (Zwangs-)Mitgliedschaft in dieser informal-illegalen kollegialen Versicherungsgemeinschaft aus Sicht der einzelnen Polizistin zur schwer verzichtbaren Voraussetzung, um ihrer Arbeit nachgehen zu können. Die aus rechtsstaatlicher Perspektive besonders problematische Eigenschaft polizeilicher Dienstgruppen als informaler Versicherungsgemeinschaften ist, dass sie regelmäßig nicht nur unrechtmäßige Polizeiarbeit decken, die im Zuge solcher Polizeieinsätze anfällt, die mit besten Absichten der Polizisten begonnen werden und dann entgleisen, sondern auch das intentional unrechtmäßige Handeln etwa im Fall des rassistisch motivierten Handelns von Polizisten, im Fall exzessiver Polizeigewalt oder im Fall von Korruption.
Copolymerization of anthranilic acid and o-phenylenediamine by a free radical in the presence of nanoparticles of copper hexacyanoferrates for the removal of cesium ions in aqueous solutions
Authors: Metwally Amal M. , Azab Mohamed M. , Mahmoud Amaal A. , Ali Hager M. , Shaaban Abdel-Fattah F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCore–shell nanocomposite of copper hexacyanoferrate copolymer of anthranilic acid with o-phenylenediamine (CHCF-poly-AA-co-OPD)) was synthesized and used as ion exchanger for the removal of cesium ions from wastewater. The nanocomposite was prepared by implantation of CHCF nanoparticles into the copolymer of poly(AA-co-OPD) during the polymerization process. By transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, the surface morphology and the porous structure were investigated. The physicochemical characterization of the prepared core–shell nanocomposite was carried out by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD and thermogravimetric analysis. As a function in pH, metal ion concentration, shaking time and temperature, the capacity of the CSNC toward cesium ions and the behaviors of the process were studied. The results illustrated that the maximum capacity was recorded 1.35 mmol g−1 at pH 11, 10 mmol L−1 Cs+ and 25 °C. Also, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherms models were studied, in which the data were well fitted with Langmuir model, suggesting that the uptake of Cs+ was monolayer and homogeneous. Also, the adsorption kinetics data were fitted well to pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated in the temperature from 25 to 60 °C, and the data revealed that Cs+ sorption was endothermic, spontaneous and more favorable at higher temperature. Up to 92% desorption of Cs+ was completed with 2 M KCl.
Choice of specimen’s extraction site affects wound morbidity in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Al Dhaheri Mahmood , Ibrahim Mohanad , Al-Yahri Omer , Amer Ibrahim , Khawar Mahwish , Al-Naimi Noof , Ahmed Ayman Abdelhafiz , Nada Mohamed Abu , Parvaiz Amjad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The choice for an ideal site of specimen extraction following laparoscopic colorectal surgery remains debatable. However, midline incision (MI) is usually employed for right and left–sided colonic resections while left iliac fossa or suprapubic transverse incision (STI) were reserved for sigmoid and rectal cancer resections.

Objective
To compare the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and incisional hernia (IH) in elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer and specimen extraction via MI or STI.

Method
Prospectively collected data of elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer resections between January 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. MI was employed for right and left–sided colonic resections while STI was used for sigmoid and rectal resections. SSI is defined according to the US CDC criteria. IH was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by CT scan at 1 year.

Results
A total of 168 patients underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resections. MI was used in 90 patients while 78 patients had STI as an extraction site. Demographic and preoperative data is similar for two groups. The rate of IH was 13.3% for MI and 0% in the STI (p = 0.001). SSI was seen in 16.7% of MI vs 11.5% of STI (p = 0.34). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the choice of extraction site is associated with statistically significant higher incisional hernia rate.

Conclusion
MI for specimen extraction is associated with higher incidence of both SSI and IH. The choice of incision for extraction site is an independent predicative factor for significantly higher IH and increased SSI rates.
Free vibrations of small-scale plates with complex shape based on the nonlocal elasticity theory
Authors: Kurpa Lidiya , Awrejcewicz Jan , Mazur Olga , Morachkovska Iryna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFree vibrations of the orthotropic micro/nanoplate with nonclassical shape are investigated. The considered model is based on the nonlocal elasticity theory. The developed method uses the Ritz method as well as R-function theory for the construction of the system of coordinate functions. The linear frequencies are obtained for a rectangular plate with two cutouts on opposite sides, while the boundary conditions are considered of several types, including simply supported and clamped edges. The small-scale effects for various sizes of cutouts are discussed.
The units of rate constants in chemical kinetics
Authors: Frey Jeremy , Wallington Timothy J. , Hartshorn Richard , Quack Martin , Heus Pascal , Emmerson Steven 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis short article discusses the units of rate constants as used in chemical kinetics and, in particular, the aspect of non-integral powers of base units, which some might find unusual for units in the SI system. In many ways the fact that the units of the rate constants as usually defined convey information about the order of the reaction or reactions involved is very useful, but in other ways having the same (or at least very similar) quantity that has different units under different conditions is not so desirable. Furthermore, just as with chemical equilibrium constants, taking functions of the rate constant (such as the logarithm when representing the Arrhenius equation in the form ln $$k\,{\text {vs.}}\,1/T$$

k

vs.

1
/
T

) needs special attention. Here we examine a possible alternative definition of rate constants in terms of an explicit ratio to the concentration standard state and although we acknowledge that this approach unlikely to be adopted by the community, it serves as a basis to discuss the meaning of rate constants.
EU-Klimapaket als vorläufiger Höhepunkt der EU-Umweltpolitik
Authors: Schöngen Barbara 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungAls Fortführung des European Green Deal wurde am 14.7.2021 das bisher umfangreichste Klimapaket
der Europäischen Kommission vorgestellt: Das Klimapaket “Fit For 55”. Welche Maßnahmen
beinhaltet das Klimapaket genau und welche Sektoren sind inwieweit betroffen? Ist eine zügige Umsetzung
der Maßnahmen überhaupt realisierbar?
Das System der Blankettverweisungen der 71 und 71a BNatSchG im Lichte des Bestimmtheitsgrundsatzes – Rechtliche Bestandsaufnahme und kritische Würdigung
Authors: Gerhold Sönke Florian , Poplat Tim 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDas BNatSchG ist seit seiner Einführung im Jahr 1976 wiederholt geändert worden. Mit nahezu
jeder Änderung wurde das verwaltungsrechtlichen Regelungsregime ausdifferenzierter und komplexer. Die
Kataloge geschützter Arten wuchsen über Bezugnahmen auf diverse Rechtsakte außerhalb des
BNatSchG stetig. Auch die neue Bundesregierung hat weitere Reformen des BNatSchG angekündigt. Die
Strafvorschriften der 71f. BNatSchG wurden im Rahmen der Reformen jedoch nicht grundlegend überarbeitet,
da sie als bloße Blankettnormen die verwaltungsrechtlichen Verbote lediglich flankieren und insofern
akzessorisch wirken. Den vom BVerfG aufgestellten Anforderungen an die Bestimmtheit von Strafgesetzen entsprechen
sie allerdings schon seit Jahren nicht mehr.
Fiber Fabry-Perot Demodulation System Based on Dual Fizeau Interferometers
Authors: Kong Deyi , Song Zengyu , Wang Ning , Wang Zhiqi , Huang Peijian , Zhu Yong , Zhang Jie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present a dual-Fizeau-interferometer-based high-speed and wide-range fiber-optic Fabry-Perot (F-P) demodulation system. We employ two Fizeau interferometers with air cavity thickness satisfying the quadrature requirement to increase the demodulation speed and broaden the demodulation range in order to address the issues of the existing fiber F-P demodulation system’s sluggish demodulation rate and limited range. In order to investigate the demodulation properties of the dual-Fizeau-interferometer-based demodulation system, we derive and create a theoretical model of the system. The theoretical model, which primarily consists of the structural design of the interferometer and the study of the center wavelength of the light sources and their bandwidth selection, is used to construct the optical structure of the demodulation system. According to the calculation results, the demodulated signal exhibits the best contrast ratio when the two light sources’ respective center wavelengths are 780 nm and 850 nm, and their bandwidths are 28 nm and 30 nm. Finally, we finish evaluating the demodulation system’s demodulation performance, parameter calibration, and assembly debugging. The test results demonstrate the constant operation of the demodulation system, an update rate of 100 kHz, a demodulation range of 4.74 µm, and a cavity length resolution of approximately 5 nm. Additionally, the system can perform high speed demodulation thanks to the light emitting diode’s (LED’s) nanosecond level switching speed and the usage of a single point detector.