bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of organic-based carrier material for plant beneficial rhizobacteria application in okra under normal and salt-affected soil conditions
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad , Nawaz Farrukh , Ahmad Iftikhar , Ijaz Muhammad , Farooq Abu Bakr Umer , Akram Muhammad , Khalid Umaira , Naqqash Tahir , Mehmood Shehzad , Mubeen Muhammad , Sarfaraz Muhammad , Abbas Yasir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Plant beneficial rhizobacteria (PBR) improve salt tolerance and plant yield in vegetable plants by producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase, indole-3-acetic acid and phosphate solubilization. Organic-based carrier material is needed to ensure the PBR's uniform application, distribution, survival and functioning in a variety of fields. The PBR also use carbon present in the carrier as food and energy source. The selection of a suitable organic-based carrier material for the application of the PBR in normal and saline soils always has received less attention. The current study compared the PBR suitability of different organic-based carrier materials (biochar, biogas residues [BGRs] and coconut powder) and evaluated their effects on okra productivity under normal and saline soil conditions.

Methods and Results
In a pot experiment, the PBR strain Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 (accession number, MG548383) was applied with/or without organic-based carrier materials to okra grown in three different soils: S1 (EC 1.0 dS m−1), S2 (EC 3.0 dS m−1) and S3 (EC 5.0 dS m−1). The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with five replicates in factorial arrangement. Results indicated that in soil S1, PBR + BGR increased the number of pods per plant, plant dry weight and indole compounds by 64%, 68% and 17% while reduced the electrolyte leakage (ELL), malonaldehyde (MDA) contents and stress ethylene level by 17%, 55% and 38%, respectively over the PBR application without any carrier. Similarly, in soil S2, the treatment PBR + BGR increased the number of pods by 81%, plant dry weight by 40% and indole compounds by 13% while reduced the ELL by 17%, MDA contents by 50% and stress ethylene by 30% over the PBR alone treatment. In soil S3, PBR + biochar increased the number of pods by 51%, plant dry weight by 62% and indole compounds by 20%, while reduced the ELL by 21%, MDA by 40% and indole compounds by 54% over the PBR alone treatment.

Conclusions
Results concluded that in soil S1 and S2 (normal soils), BGR as carrier for PBR showed best results, while in soil S3, biochar as carrier for PBR resulted in enhanced potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca+2) uptake and increased the productivity of okra.

Significance and Impact of Study
Response of different carrier materials in supporting PBR under different soil conditions was variable. This study will help in the selection and use of best suitable carrier material for PBR application under different soil conditions. It is recommended that farmer should use BGR as carrier material for PBR application in normal soils while biochar should be used as carrier for the PBR application in saline soil.
Effective adsorption of perrhenate ions on the filamentous sheath-forming bacteria, Sphaerotilus montanus, Sphaerotilus natans and Thiothrix fructosivorans
Authors: Arshad Faizan , Takeda Minoru , Yoshitake Hideaki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to unveil perrhenate sorption properties of the filamentous sheaths formed by Sphaerotilus montanus, Sphaerotilus natans and Thiothrix fructosivorans.

Methods and Results
The adsorptions of perrhenate on lyophilizates of the above-mentioned filamentous sheaths were analysed by ICP, IR, XPS and EDX. The capacity reached 82 mg per g-adsorbent, when using S. natans. The Langmuir coefficient of this adsorbent was found to be the largest of the three. The adsorption capacity was discussed with respect to the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the adsorbents. The occurrence of anion exchange was implied by the IR spectrum changes before and after adsorption. The adsorption data fitted well with a pseudo-second-order equation, suggesting that the rate is determined by the chemical bond formation.

Conclusions
A significant amount of perrhenate was adsorbed on the sheaths formed by S. montanus, S. natans and T. fructosivorans. The adsorption was correlated with the elemental compositions. A strong chemical bond formation was suggested from the results of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and kinetic analysis.

Significance and Impact of Study
The capacity obtained for S. natans is one of the largest adsorptions amongst the similar biomaterials, implying the possibility of providing economical adsorbents of rare metal oxyanions.
Siderophore production in pseudomonas SP. strain SP3 enhances iron acquisition in apple rootstock
Authors: Gao Beibei , Chai Xiaofen , Huang Yimei , Wang Xiaona , Han Zhenhai , Xu Xuefeng , Wu Ting , Zhang Xinzhong , Wang Yi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of siderophore-producing bacteria and bacterial siderophore on the iron nutrition of apple rootstocks under iron-deficient conditions.

Methods and Results
We isolated three Pseudomonas strains, SP1, SP2 and SP3 from the rhizosphere of the Fe-efficient apple rootstocks using the chrome azurol S agar plate assay. We found that all three strains had the ability to secrete indole acetic acid-like compounds and siderophores, especially SP3. When Fe-inefficient rootstocks treated with SP3 were grown in alkaline soil, an increase in the biomass, root development, and Fe concentration was observed in the plants. In addition, SP3 secreted pyoverdine, a siderophore that can chelate Fe3+ to enhance the bioavailability of Fe for plants. We purified the pyoverdine from the SP3 culture supernatant. Hydroponic experiments were conducted with a Fe-deficient solution supplemented with pyoverdine, resulting in a reduction in the chlorosis caused by Fe deficiency and marked improvement in Fe uptake.

Conclusions
Under iron-deficient conditions, Pseudomonas sp. strain SP3 can effectively promote apple rootstock growth and improve plant iron nutrition by secreting siderophores that enhance Fe availability.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study showed that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from Fe-efficient plants have the potential to improve iron nutrition in Fe-inefficient plants, and Fe-siderophore chelates can be used as an effective source of iron for apple plants. Based on these findings, it may be possible to develop biological agents such as siderophore-producing bacteria for sustainable agricultural and horticultural production.
Algicidal interaction between Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 and microalgae
Authors: Zhao Na , Yi Li , Ren Sanguo , Yin Qin , Xiang Wei , Zhang Xu , Xie Bo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Algicidal bacteria can be used for control of harmful algal bloom and extraction of algal bioproducts based on their algae-lysing activities. This work investigated the algae-lysing activity of a newly isolated algicidal bacterium, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain MEZ6 and its possible mechanisms.

Methods and Results
Algicidal bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected at the university campus. Co-inoculation tests identified that one isolate, MEZ6, can rapidly kill eukaryotic algae including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Tribonema minus, Haematococcus pluvialis, and Chlorella ellipsoidea. The strain was determined as Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and genome comparisons. The algicidal activity was detected in both living cells and cell-free supernatant of spent culture medium, suggesting cell-cell contact is not required for algicidal activity. Strain MEZ6 was less active towards cyanobacterial strains compared to algae. Genomic sequence and comparative proteomic analyses were performed to explore the possible algicidal mechanisms of the strain. Differentially expressed protein analysis identified a number of proteins related to polysaccharides degradation and antimicrobial secondary metabolite biosynthesis that may be involved in the algicidal activity of MEZ6.

Conclusion
Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 is a newly discovered gram-positive algicidal bacterial strain with high lytic activity towards several algal species.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Our study extends the understanding of the versatile characters of Paenibacillus polymyxa and sheds new insights into its application in algae biotechnology.
High-copy genome integration and stable production of p-coumaric acid via a POT1-mediated strategy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Qi Hang , Li Yuanzi , Cai Miao , He Jiaze , Liu Jiayu , Song Xiaofei , Ma Zhongqiang , Xu Haijin , Qiao Mingqiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
To overcome the defective unstable production of p-coumaric acid (p-CA) using episomal plasmids and simultaneously achieve genetic stability and high-copy integration in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Methods and results
Two-micron plasmids were used to obtain high titres of p-CA, but p-CA production was decreased significantly in a nonselective medium after 72 h. To overcome the defect of unstable p-CA production during fermentation, delta integration with the triosephosphate isomerase gene from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (POT1) was employed as a selection marker to integrate heterologous p-CA synthesis cassette, and the high-level p-CA-producing strain QT3-20 was identified. In shake flask fermentation, the final p-CA titre of QT3-20 reached 228.37 mg L−1 at 168 h, 11-fold higher than integrated strain QU3-20 using URA3 as the selective marker, and 9-fold higher than the best-performing episomal expression strain NKE1. Additionally, the p-CA titre and gene copy number remained stable after 100 generations of QT3-20 in a nonselective medium.

Conclusion
We achieved high-copy genome integration and stable heterologous production of p-CA via a POT1-mediated strategy in S. cerevisiae.

Significance and impact of study
With superior genetic stability and production stability in a nonselective medium during fermentation, the high-level p-CA-producing strain constructed via POT1-mediated delta integration could serve as an efficient platform strain, to eliminate the threat of unstable and insufficient supply for future production of p-CA derivatives, make downstream processing and biosynthesis much simpler.
Epidemiology of major entero-pathogenic viruses and genetic characterization of Group A rotaviruses among children (≤5 years) with acute gastroenteritis in eastern India, 2018–2020
Authors: Mitra Suvrotoa , Lo Mahadeb , Saha Ritubrita , Deb Alok K. , Debnath Falguni , Miyoshi Shin-Ichi , Dutta Shanta , Chawla-Sarkar Mamta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsThis study was carried out from January 2018 to March 2020 in Kolkata, eastern India to determine the prevalence rates and epidemiological patterns associated with the major viral agents of gastroenteritis among children ≤5 years of age. Molecular characterization of GARV, the predominant agent of viral gastroenteritis, was done to understand their genotype diversity.Methods and Results1284 of 3157 stool samples (~40%) from children (≤5 years) with acute gastroenteritis tested positive for one or more enteric viruses with positivity rates 25.11%, 8.74%, 6.62% and 6.11% for GARV, HAdV-F, AstV and NoV respectively. Co-infection was observed in 5.31% of cases. Associated clinical/meteorological variables like age, sex, symptoms, temperature and precipitation were assessed to find any correlation between these and enteric virus infection rates. &gt;70% of viral gastroenteritis cases were observed in 6–24 months' age group. GARV and AstV infection occurred mostly during cooler months while HAdV-F infection mostly occurred during warmer periods. No definite seasonality was observed for NoV infections. Clinical severity associated with GARV infection was higher compared to other enteric viruses. Genotyping of rotavirus positive samples revealed G3P[8] was the predominantly circulating GARV genotype throughout the study period.ConclusionsGARV remained the predominant viral agent of acute gastroenteritis among children though its prevalence rates in this region declined significantly compared to the previous years (2010–2016). The prevalence of other enteric viruses was below 10%.Significance and Impact of studyThis study provides valuable insights regarding the current burden of viral gastroenteritis in Eastern India. The 2-year study in children will provide the baseline data for future surveillance studies in evaluating the impact of the introduced GARV vaccine on the overall prevalence of viral gastroenteritis.
The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States and Mexico
Authors: Dean Emily M. , Cooper Arthur R. , Wang Lizhu , Daniel Wesley , David Solomon , Ernzen Clayton , Gido Keith B. , Hale Edward , Haxton Tim J. , Kelso William , Leonard Nancy , Lido Chris , Margraf Joseph , Porter Michael , Pennock Casey , Propst David , Ross Jared , Staudinger Michelle D. , Whelan Gary , Infante Dana M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimMigratory freshwater fishes are those that must access discrete habitats to complete their life cycles. Freshwater fish migrations occur around the world and provide numerous ecosystem services for humans and natural systems; however, many migratory species are in decline globally. A limiting factor to successfully conserve freshwater migratory fishes is that the migratory life histories of many species are unknown or only partially described. To provide researchers with critical and comprehensive information to conserve migratory fishes, we developed the North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD).LocationCanada, Mexico and the United States.TaxonFreshwater fish.MethodsTo develop this database, we assigned migratory status, pattern and behaviour to a comprehensive list of freshwater fish species found throughout North America. We assembled the database which included assignments (i.e. migratory status, pattern and behaviour) as well as the sources used to make the assignments. Researchers and managers from across North America reviewed the database for completeness and accuracy on the migratory life histories of fishes.ResultsThe database synthesizes current knowledge of migratory status, pattern and behaviour of native and non‐native freshwater fishes throughout North America, including 1250 species representing 79 families and 325 genera. Results showcase the diversity of migratory life histories of freshwater fishes on the continent, including that at least 25% of North American freshwater fishes are migratory, 23% are non‐migratory and 44% have undetermined migratory status.Main conclusionsNAFMFD improves the quality of migratory data accessible to researchers, which supports a more holistic understanding of the threats encountered by migratory fishes, including habitat fragmentation. The approach we used in developing NAFMFD can provide guidance for developing similar databases in other regions. Collectively, our work offers new insights into the range of freshwater fish migratory life histories, stimulating a need to better understand this diversity globally.
High threshold efficacy responses in moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis are associated with additional quality of life benefits: pooled analyses of abrocitinib monotherapy studies in adults and adolescents
Authors: Ständer S. , Bhatia N. , Gooderham M. J. , Silverberg J. I. , Thyssen J. P. , Biswas P. , DiBonaventura M. , Romero W. , Farooqui S. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOnce‐daily abrocitinib treatment provided meaningful improvements in signs and symptoms of moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in randomized controlled studies.ObjectiveTo evaluate proportions of patients with responses meeting higher threshold efficacy responses than commonly used efficacy end points and to determine if these responses were associated with quality‐of‐life (QoL) benefits.MethodsData from a phase 2b (NCT02780167) and two phase 3 studies (NCT03349060/JADE MONO‐1; NCT03575871/JADE MONO‐2) in adult and adolescent patients (N = 942) with moderate‐to‐severe AD receiving once‐daily abrocitinib 200 mg, abrocitinib 100 mg or placebo were pooled. Commonly used (Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI]‐75 and ≥4‐point improvement in Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale [PP‐NRS4]) and higher threshold efficacy end points (EASI‐90 to <EASI‐100, EASI‐100 or PP‐NRS0/1 response) were evaluated. Proportions of patients across Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index/Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI/DLQI) band descriptors who achieved various efficacy end points were analysed.ResultsMore abrocitinib‐treated patients achieved commonly used or higher threshold efficacy end points at week 12 vs. placebo. More abrocitinib‐treated patients who achieved higher threshold efficacy end points reported ‘no effect’ of AD on QoL (by CDLQI/DLQI) at week 12 vs. those who achieved commonly used but not higher threshold efficacy end points (PP‐NRS0/1 vs. PP‐NRS4 but not PP‐NRS0/1 responders [200 mg: 66.3% vs. 17.5%; 100 mg: 62.1% vs. 20.0%]; EASI‐100, EASI‐90 to <EASI‐100 vs. EASI‐75 to <EASI‐90 responders [200 mg: 67.6%, 48.9% vs. 28.8%; 100 mg: 63.2%, 48.1% vs. 36.7%]).ConclusionsSubstantial proportions of patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD receiving abrocitinib met higher threshold efficacy end points, and this was associated with meaningful additional QoL benefits compared with those who did not meet these higher efficacy thresholds. Not only do a substantial proportion of abrocitinib‐treated patients achieve higher threshold efficacy end points but they also do so in a similar timeframe as the more commonly used thresholds for efficacy end points.Clinical trialsNCT02780167, NCT03349060 and NCT03575871.
Does SAPHO syndrome exist in dermatology?
Authors: Chen W. , Ito T. , Lin S.‐H. , Song Z. , Al‐Khuzaei S. , Jurik A.G. , Plewig G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the late 1960s, palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) with sternocostoclavicular arthropathy was first described in Japan, predominantly affecting women in the perimenopausal age. In the 1970s, the chronic non‐bacterial osteomyelitis and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis were initially observed in paediatric patients with approximately 70% girls. Acne fulminans accompanied by polyarthralgia have been observed since early 1970s, which almost exclusively occurs in adolescent boys. Report on spondyloarthropathy associated with hidradenitis suppurativa can be traced back to 1982. The SAPHO syndrome was coined in 1987 to lump together synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis to conceptualize a group of inflammatory osteocutaneous diseases of unclear etiopathogenesis and ill‐defined associations spanning disparate age and gender groups. From historical view, Sasaki syndrome is proposed to replace SAPHO syndrome to represent PPP with sternocostoclavicular arthropathy in the absence of other skin manifestations. Hidradenitis suppurativa is folliculitis in pathogenesis and no longer classified as acne. PPP accompanied by psoriasis vulgaris is more likely psoriasis pustulosa palmoplantaris in dermatological aspect, and the associated arthritis is part of psoriatic arthropathy. Pathophysiology of these disorders is incompletely understood. To echo the advancement of high‐throughput sequencing, splitting but not lumping of clinical findings would be a better strategy to decipher these multigenic complex inflammatory disorders.
Non‐invasive transcriptomic analysis using mRNAs in skin surface lipids obtained from children with mild‐to‐moderate atopic dermatitis
Authors: Shima K. , Inoue T. , Uehara Y. , Iwamura M. , Fukagawa S. , Kuwano T. , Tanida K. , Takada N. , Saito‐Abe M. , Yamamoto‐Hanada K. , Ohya Y. , Murase T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpecimens for analysing the molecular pathology of skin disease are generally obtained through invasive methods, such as biopsy. However, less burdensome methods are desirable for paediatric patients. We recently established a method that comprehensively analyses RNA present in sebum (skin surface lipid–RNAs: SSL‐RNAs) using a next‐generation sequencer. Using this method, biological information can be obtained from the skin in a completely non‐invasive manner.ObjectivesTo verify the applicability of the SSL‐RNA method for analysis of paediatric skin and analyse the molecular pathology of mild‐to‐moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) in children.MethodsWe collected sebum specimens from the whole faces of 23 healthy children and 16 children with mild‐to‐moderate AD (eczema area and severity index (EASI) score: 5.9 ± 2.6) ranging in age from 6 months to 5 years, using an oil‐blotting film. We then extracted SSL‐RNAs from the samples and performed an AmpliSeq transcriptomic analysis.ResultsThe expressions of genes related to keratinization (LCE, PSORS1C2, IVL and KRT17), triglyceride synthesis and storage (PLIN2, DGAT2 and CIDEA), wax synthesis (FAR2), ceramide synthesis (GBA2, SMPD3 and SPTLC3), antimicrobial peptides (DEFB1) and intercellular adhesion (CDSN), all of which are related to the skin barrier, are lower in children with AD than in healthy children. The children with AD also have higher expression of CCL17, a Th2‐cytokine and an increased Th2‐immune response as demonstrated by a gene set variation analysis. Moreover, KRT17 and CCL17 expression levels are significantly correlated with the EASI score.ConclusionsMolecular changes associated with abnormal immune responses and the epidermal barrier in children with mild‐to‐moderate AD can be determined using the SSL‐RNA method. This non‐invasive method could therefore be a useful means for understanding the molecular pathology of paediatric AD.
Rectal prolapse associated with enlarged seminal vesicles in a Vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus)
Authors: Hablolvarid Mohammad Hassan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 7‐year‐old vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) died 8 days after surgery to repair the rectal prolapse. The animal had a history of tenesmus in a week leading up to the rectal prolapse. At necropsy enlargement and dilatation of seminal vesicles that appeared to cause posterior compression of the rectum leading to luminal narrowing. It was concluded that enlargement of the seminal vesicles may have serious consequences such as rectal obstruction and tenesmus leading to prolapse of the rectum in vervet monkeys and should be considered a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal disorders in this species and probably other species of nonhuman primates as well.
Using Foucault to (re)think localisation in chronic disease care: Insights for nursing practice
Authors: Turnbull Dr Margo , Reich Ann 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAgeing populations and rising rates of chronic disease globally have shifted key elements of disease management to ideas of integrated care and self‐management. The associated policies and programmes often focus on intervention and support beyond the sites of the hospital and clinic. These shifts have significantly impacted the delivery and practice of nursing for both nurses and the clients with whom they work. This article argues that Foucault's comments on space, place and heterotopia (1986) are useful in exploring these changes from a philosophical perspective, to draw out the complexity of these programmes and add texture to discussions on the ways these shifts to localisation and the dominant discourses of self‐management and responsibility have reconfigured nursing practices. The theoretical discussion is augmented with illustrations from an Australian integrated health care programme.