bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of lung cancer in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Guixiang , Li Xuanlin , Lei Siyuan , Zhao Hulei , Zhang Hailong , Li Jiansheng 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThere is growing evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can increase the risk of lung cancer, which poses a serious threat to treatment and management. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of lung cancer prevalence in patients with COPD with the aim of providing better prevention and management strategies.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to 20 March 2022 to collect studies on the prevalence of lung cancer in patients with COPD. We evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies using the tool for assessing the risk of bias in prevalence studies. Meta-analysis was used to determine the prevalence and risk factors for lung cancer in COPD. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the data heterogeneity. Funnel plots combined with Egger’s test were used to detect the publication biases.ResultsThirty-one studies, covering 829,490 individuals, were included to investigate the prevalence of lung cancer in patients with COPD. Pooled analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of lung cancer in patients with COPD was 5.08% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.17–6.00%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence was 5.09% (95% CI: 3.48–6.70%) in male and 2.52% (95% CI: 1.57–4.05%) in female. The prevalence of lung cancer in patients with COPD who were current and former smokers was as high as 8.98% (95% CI: 4.61–13.35%) and 3.42% (95% CI: 1.51–5.32%); the incidence rates in patients with moderate and severe COPD were 6.67% (95% CI: 3.20–10.14%) and 5.57% (95% CI: 1.89–16.39%), respectively, which were higher than the 3.89% (95% CI: 2.14–7.06%) estimated in patients with mild COPD. Among the types of lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were the most common, with incidence rates of 1.59% (95% CI: 0.23–2.94%) and 1.35% (95% CI: 0.57–3.23%), respectively. There were also differences in regional distribution, with the highest prevalence in the Western Pacific region at 7.78% (95% CI: 5.06–10.5%), followed by the Americas at 3.25% (95% CI: 0.88–5.61%) and Europe at 3.21% (95% CI: 2.36–4.06%).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis shows that patients with COPD have a higher risk of developing lung cancer than those without COPD. More attention should be given to this result in order to reduce the risk of lung cancer in these patients with appropriate management and prevention.Systematic review registrationInternational prospective register of systematic reviews, identifier CRD42022331872.
Ultrasound-based radiomics analysis for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions: From static images to CEUS video analysis
Authors: Zhu Jun-Yan , He Han-Lu , Lin Zi-Mei , Zhao Jian-Qiang , Jiang Xiao-Chun , Liang Zhe-Hao , Huang Xiao-Ping , Bao Hai-Wei , Huang Pin-Tong , Chen Fen 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundContinuous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) video is a challenging direction for radiomics research. We aimed to evaluate machine learning (ML) approaches with radiomics combined with the XGBoost model and a convolutional neural network (CNN) for discriminating between benign and malignant lesions in CEUS videos with a duration of more than 1 min.MethodsWe gathered breast CEUS videos of 109 benign and 81 malignant tumors from two centers. Radiomics combined with the XGBoost model and a CNN was used to classify the breast lesions on the CEUS videos. The lesions were manually segmented by one radiologist. Radiomics combined with the XGBoost model was conducted with a variety of data sampling methods. The CNN used pretrained 3D residual network (ResNet) models with 18, 34, 50, and 101 layers. The machine interpretations were compared with prospective interpretations by two radiologists. Breast biopsies or pathological examinations were used as the reference standard. Areas under the receiver operating curves (AUCs) were used to compare the diagnostic performance of the models.ResultsThe CNN model achieved the best AUC of 0.84 on the test cohort with the 3D-ResNet-50 model. The radiomics model obtained AUCs between 0.65 and 0.75. Radiologists 1 and 2 had AUCs of 0.75 and 0.70, respectively.ConclusionsThe 3D-ResNet-50 model was superior to the radiomics combined with the XGBoost model in classifying enhanced lesions as benign or malignant on CEUS videos. The CNN model was superior to the radiologists, and the radiomics model performance was close to the performance of the radiologists.
Oncological outcomes in fertility-sparing treatment in stage IA-G2 endometrial cancer
Authors: Ronsini Carlo , Mosca Lavinia , Iavarone Irene , Nicoletti Roberta , Vinci Davide , Carotenuto Raffaela Maria , Pasanisi Francesca , Solazzo Maria Cristina , De Franciscis Pasquale , Torella Marco , La Verde Marco , Colacurci Nicola , Cobellis Luigi , Vizzielli Giuseppe , Restaino Stefano 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe gold standard treatment for early-stage endometrial cancer (EC) is hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) with lymphadenectomy. In selected patients desiring pregnancy, fertility-sparing treatment (FST) can be adopted. Our review aims to collect the most incisive studies about the possibility of conservative management for patients with grade 2, stage IA EC. Different approaches can be considered beyond demolition surgery, such as local treatment with levonorgestrel-releasing intra-uterine device (LNG-IUD) plus systemic therapy with progestins.Study designOur systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were consulted, and five studies were chosen based on the following criteria: patients with a histological diagnosis of EC stage IA G2 in reproductive age desiring pregnancy and at least one oncological outcome evaluated. Search imputes were “endometrial cancer” AND “fertility sparing” AND “oncologic outcomes” AND “G2 or stage IA”.ResultsA total of 103 patients were included and treated with a combination of LNG-IUD plus megestrol acetate (MA) or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plus MPA/MA, hysteroscopic resectoscope (HR), and dilation and curettage (D&amp;C). There is evidence of 70% to 85% complete response after second-round therapy prolongation to 12 months.ConclusionsConservative measures must be considered temporary to allow pregnancy and subsequently perform specific counseling to adopt surgery. Fertility-sparing management is not the current standard of care for young women with EC. It can be employed for patients with early-stage diseases motivated to maintain reproductive function. Indeed, the results are encouraging, but the sample size must be increased.
Vestibular schwannoma associated with neurofibromatosis type 2: Clinical course following stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Kim Junhyung , Byeon Yukyeng , Song Sang Woo , Cho Young Hyun , Hong Chang-Ki , Hong Seok Ho , Kim Jeong Hoon , Lee Do Heui , Park Ji Eun , Kim Ho Sung , Kim Young-Hoon 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveA lack of understanding of the clinical course of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-associated vestibular schwannoma (VS) often complicates the decision-making in terms of optimal timing and mode of treatment. We investigated the outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in this population.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed NF2 patients treated with Gamma-Knife SRS for VS in our tertiary referral center. A total of 41 treated lesions from 33 patients were collected with a follow-up period of 69.1 (45.0-104.8) months. We reviewed the treatment history, hearing function, and other treatment-related morbidities in individual cases. We also analyzed pre- and post-treatment tumor volumes via imaging studies. Longitudinal volumetric analyses were conducted for the tumor volume response of the 41 treated lesions following SRS. The growth pattern of 22 unirradiated lesions during an observation period of 83.4 (61.1-120.4) months was separately evaluated.ResultsMost treated lesions showed effective tumor control up to 85% at 60 months after SRS, whereas unirradiated lesions progressed with a relative volume increase of 14.0% (7.8-27.0) per year during the observation period. Twelve (29%) cases showed pseudoprogression with significant volume expansion in the early follow-up period, which practically reduced the rate of tumor control to 57% at 24 months. Among the patients with serviceable hearing, two (20%) cases lost the hearing function on the treated side during the early follow-up period within 24 months.ConclusionsProgressive NF2-associated VS can be adequately controlled by SRS but the short-term effects of this treatment are not highly advantageous in terms of preserving hearing function. SRS treatment candidates should therefore be carefully selected.
The value of narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy in diagnosing central lung cancer
Authors: Zhu Juanjuan , Liu Rui , Wu Xiancheng , Li Qin , Gong Beilei , Shen Yuanbing , Ou Yurong , Li Wei 
Published: September 2022

AimsThis research aimed to study the value of narrow-band imaging(NBI) in the diagnosis of central lung cancer.Materials and methodsThis study included 916 patients with clinical suspected of central lung cancer or follow-up of patients after curative lung cancer surgery. All of the patients were examined by Olympus Evis Lucera electronic bronchoscope system, any sites that were abnormal when viewed by white-light bronchoscopy (WLB) or NBI were biopsied, four to six biopsies were taken at each site of the abnormal region visualized as lesions, we record the endoscopic features of NBI and compared with histopathology results, to evaluate the diagnostic value of NBI for central lung cancer and the relationship between vascular patterns of NBI and histological types of lung cancer, and try to establish a multinomial logistic regression model for predicting the histological types of lung cancer. The biopsy specimens were examined by CD34 antibody through immunohistochemistry (IHC) method, CD34 marked microvessel density(MVD), compared the number of microvessels between benign and malignant diseases and the number between different histological types of lung cancer, to verify the results of NBI.ResultsNBI provided high sensitivity (91.7%), specificity (84.9%), positive predictive value (97.6%), negative predictive value (61.5%), and agreement rate (90.7%). The predominant vascular patterns in the well-defined histological types of lung cancer were dotted blood vessels (121 patients), tortuous blood vessels (248 patients), and abrupt-ending blood vessels (227 patients). Logistic regression analysis of the results showed that smoking status of the patient, combined with vascular patterns under NBI, and age partly affect the histological types of lung cancer.ConclusionsNBI is highly accurate for the diagnosis of central lung cancer.
Constructing a molecular subtype model of colon cancer using machine learning
Authors: Zhou Bo , Yu Jiazi , Cai Xingchen , Wu Shugeng 
Published: September 2022

Background: Colon cancer (CRC) is one of the malignant tumors with a high incidence in the world. Many previous studies on CRC have focused on clinical research. With the in-depth study of CRC, the role of molecular mechanisms in CRC has become increasingly important. Currently, machine learning is widely used in medicine. By combining machine learning with molecular mechanisms, we can better understand CRC’s pathogenesis and develop new treatments for it.Methods and materials: We used the R language to construct molecular subtypes of colon cancer and subsequently explored prognostic genes with GEPIA2. Enrichment analysis is used by WebGestalt to obtain differential genes. Protein–protein interaction networks of differential genes were constructed using the STRING database and the Cytoscape tool. TIMER2.0 and TISIDB databases were used to investigate the correlation of these genes with immune-infiltrating cells and immune targets. The cBioportal database was used to explore genomic alterations.Results: In our study, the molecular prognostic model of CRC was constructed to study the prognostic factors of CRC, and finally, it was found that Charcot–Leyden crystal galectin (CLC), zymogen granule protein 16 (ZG16), leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 26 (LRRC26), intelectin 1 (ITLN1), UDP-GlcNAc: betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 6 (B3GNT6), chloride channel accessory 1 (CLCA1), growth factor independent 1 transcriptional repressor (GFI1), aquaporin 8 (AQP8), HEPACAM family member 2 (HEPACAM2), and UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B15 (UGT2B15) were correlated with the subtype model of CRC prognosis. Enrichment analysis shows that differential genes were mainly associated with immune-inflammatory pathways. GFI1 and CLC were associated with immune cells, immunoinhibitors, and immunostimulator. Genomic analysis shows that there were no significant changes in differential genes.Conclusion: By constructing molecular subtypes of colon cancer, we discovered new colon cancer prognostic markers, which can provide direction for new treatments in the future.
Open channel block of Kv1.5 channels by HMQ1611
Authors: Dong Chao , Li Jiawei , Ding Weiguang , Ueda Rika , Xie Xiaolu , Wu Jie , Matsuura Hiroshi , Horie Minoru 
Published: September 2022

Kv1.5 channels conduct the ultra-rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKur). Pharmacological blockade of human Kv1.5 (hKv1.5) has been regarded as an effective treatment of re-entrant based atrial fibrillation, because Kv1.5 is highly expressed in human cardiac atria but scarcely in ventricles. The Kv1.5 blockade is also expected to be used in cancer therapeutics since Kv1.5 is overexpressed in some types of human tumors. Here, we investigated the blockade of hKv1.5 channels by HMQ1611, a symmetrical biphenyl derivative. hKv1.5 channels were heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The effects of HMQ1611 on wild-type and 13 hKv1.5 mutant channels were examined using the whole-cell patch-clamp method, and molecular docking simulation was conducted to predict the docking position of HMQ1611 within Kv1.5 channels. We showed that HMQ1611 reversibly inhibited the hKv1.5 current in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 2.07 μM). HMQ1611 blockade of hKv1.5 current developed with time during depolarizing voltage-clamp steps, and this blockade was also voltage-dependent with a steep increase over the voltage range for channel openings. HMQ1611 inhibition was significantly reduced in the T479A, T480A, V505A, I508A, L510A, V512A, and V516A hKv1.5 mutant channels. Molecular docking analysis predicted that V505, V512, and T480 were involved in the blocking action of HMQ1611 on hKv1.5 channels. These results suggest that HMQ1611 inhibits hKv1.5 currents as an open channel blocker. Amino acid residues located at the base of the selectivity filter (T479 and T480) and in the S6 segment (V505, I508, L510, V512, and V516) of hKv1.5 appear to constitute potential binding sites for HMQ1611.
Biosignal processing methods to explore the effects of side-dominance on patterns of bi- and unilateral standing stability in healthy young adults
Authors: Négyesi János , Petró Bálint , Salman Diane Nabil , Khandoker Ahsan , Katona Péter , Wang Ziheng , Almaazmi Anfal Ibrahim Sanqour Qambar , Hortobágyi Tibor , Váczi Márk , Rácz Kristóf , Pálya Zsófia , Grand László , Kiss Rita M. , Nagatomi Ryoichi 
Published: September 2022

We examined the effects of side-dominance on the laterality of standing stability using ground reaction force, motion capture (MoCap), andEMGdata in healthy young adults. We recruited participants with strong right (n= 15) and left (n= 9) hand and leg dominance (side-dominance). They stood on one or two legs on a pair of synchronized force platforms for 50 s with 60 s rest between three randomized stance trials. In addition to 23CoP-related variables, we also computed sixMoCapvariables representing each lower-limb joint motion time series. Moreover, 39 time- and frequency-domain features ofEMGdata from five muscles in three muscle groups were analyzed. Data from the multitude of biosignals converged and revealed concordant patterns: no differences occurred between left- and right-side dominant participants in kinetic, kinematic, orEMGoutcomes during bipedal stance. Regarding single leg stance, larger knee but lower ankle joint kinematic values appeared in left vs right-sided participants during non-dominant stance. Left-vs right-sided participants also had lower medial gastrocnemiusEMGactivation during non-dominant stance. While right-side dominant participants always produced larger values for kinematic data of ankle joint and medial gastrocnemiusEMGactivation during non-dominant vs dominant unilateral stance, this pattern was the opposite for left-sided participants, showing larger values when standing on their dominant vs non-dominant leg, i.e., participants had a more stable balance when standing on their right leg. Our results suggest that side-dominance affects biomechanical and neuromuscular control strategies during unilateral standing.
Association among resilience, post-traumatic stress disorder, and somatization in frontline healthcare workers in COVID-19: The mediating role of perceived stress
Authors: Li Minjie , Yu Xingfeng , Wang Dan , Wang Ying , Yao Lipei , Ma Yunmiao , Liu Xiaomei , Zhang Yulian 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundFrontline healthcare workers were at a high risk of infection and developing mental health problems during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is important to monitor the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatization among frontline healthcare workers in China.AimThis study aimed to investigate PTSD, somatization, resilience, and perceived stress among frontline healthcare workers fighting against COVID-19 and examine the mediating effects of perceived stress on resilience in both PTSD and somatization.MethodsThe study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 through an online survey of frontline healthcare workers fighting against COVID-19. The survey included questions regarding socio-demographic information, resilience (10-item Conner–Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC-10), perceived stress (14-item Perceived Stress Scale, PSS), PTSD (Checklist-Civilian Version, PCL-C), and somatization (Symptom Checklist-90). The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to examine the mediating effects of perceived stress.ResultsApproximately 14.9% of healthcare workers had possible PTSD (PCL-C score of ≥ 44), and 41.04% of the workers had low resilience (CD-RISC-10 score of ≤ 25.5). Approximately 54.05% of healthcare workers were symptomatic, and 14.7% had a moderate or higher degree of somatization with sleep-related problems as the most common symptom. Perceived stress was negatively correlated with resilience (r = –0.527, p &lt; 0.001) and positively correlated with PTSD (r = 0.505, p &lt; 0.001) and somatization (r = 0.361, p &lt; 0.001). In addition, perceived stress mediated the relationship between resilience and PTSD [indirect b = –0.382; bootstrapped confidence interval (CI), –0.454, –0.319] and somatization (indirect effect b = –0.159; bootstrapped CI, –0.199, –0.123).ConclusionThe prevalence of PTSD and somatic symptoms indicates that the mental health of frontline healthcare workers deserves more attention. Resilience is negatively associated with PTSD and somatization, and the relationship among resilience, PTSD, and somatization is mediated by perceived stress. Strategies for reducing perceived stress and increasing resilience may help to prevent and alleviate PTSD and somatization.
Digital health literacy for COVID-19 vaccination and intention to be immunized: A cross sectional multi-country study among the general adult population
Authors: Marzo Roy Rillera , Su Tin Tin , Ismail Roshidi , Htay Mila Nu Nu , Essar Mohammad Yasir , Chauhan Shekhar , Patalinghug Mark E. , Kucuk Bicer Burcu , Respati Titik , Fitriyana Susan , Baniissa Wegdan , Lotfizadeh Masoud , Rahman Farzana , Salim Zahir Rayhan , Villela Edlaine Faria de Moura , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak , Aung Yadanar , Hamza Nouran Ameen Elsayed , Heidler Petra , Head Michael G. , Brackstone Ken , Lin Yulan 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIt is clear that medical science has advanced much in the past few decades with the development of vaccines and this is even true for the novel coronavirus outbreak. By late 2020, COVID-19 vaccines were starting to be approved by national and global regulators, and across 2021, there was a global rollout of several vaccines. Despite rolling out vaccination programs successfully, there has been a cause of concern regarding uptake of vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy. In tackling the vaccine hesitancy and improving the overall vaccination rates, digital health literacy (DHL) could play a major role. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the digital health literacy and its relevance to the COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsAn internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries. Participants were asked about their level of intention to the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants completed the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI), which was adapted in the context of the COVID Health Literacy Network. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were used for analysis purpose.ResultsOverall, the mean DHL score was 35.1 (SD = 6.9, Range = 12–48). The mean DHL score for those who answered “Yes” for “support for national vaccination schedule” was 36.1 (SD 6.7) compared to 32.5 (SD 6.8) for those who either answered “No” or “Don't know”. Factors including country, place of residence, education, employment, and income were associated with the intention for vaccination. Odds of vaccine intention were higher in urban respondents (OR-1.46; C.I.-1.30–1.64) than in rural respondents. Further, higher competency in assessing the relevance of online information resulted in significantly higher intention for vaccine uptake.ConclusionPriority should be given to improving DHL and vaccination awareness programs targeting rural areas, lower education level, lower income, and unemployed groups.