bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of family planning counseling and associated factors among women attending family planning clinics at selected health centers in Akaki Kality sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Goyomsa Girma Garedew , Geleta Leta Adugna , Debela Sisay Abebe , Reshid Nejiba , Ogeto Luke Amana , Lamaro Abota Tafesse , Girma Derara , Dejene Hiwot 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundEthiopia has achieved a remarkable improvement in the provision of family planning. The modern contraceptive prevalence rate has shown a fivefold increment in the last two decades, yet the family planning service in the country is still deficient and characterized by poor counseling quality.ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to assess the quality of family planning counseling provided and the associated factors at selected health centers in Akaki Kality sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted among 678 randomly selected women attending family planning services at health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the quality of family planning counseling.ResultA total of 678 women participated in the study. About 29.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 25.7%–32.6%] of the respondents were adequately counseled. Age groups 37–49 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1–6.6], being in marital union (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.2–6.7), attaining secondary education (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1–3.6) or higher education (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2–4.3), and visit status (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.4) were significantly associated with good counseling.ConclusionLess than one in three women was counseled adequately. Health professionals should give due attention to younger women, single clients, and clients with their first presentation to the health facility. It also indicates that promoting education among Ethiopian women is crucial for a positive outcome of family planning counseling.
Ensemble deep learning enhanced with self-attention for predicting immunotherapeutic responses to cancers
Authors: Jin Wenyi , Yang Qian , Chi Hao , Wei Kongyuan , Zhang Pengpeng , Zhao Guodong , Chen Shi , Xia Zhijia , Li Xiaosong 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionDespite the many benefits immunotherapy has brought to patients with different cancers, its clinical applications and improvements are still hindered by drug resistance. Fostering a reliable approach to identifying sufferers who are sensitive to certain immunotherapeutic agents is of great clinical relevance.MethodsWe propose an ELISE (Ensemble Learning for Immunotherapeutic Response Evaluation) pipeline to generate a robust and highly accurate approach to predicting individual responses to immunotherapies. ELISE employed iterative univariable logistic regression to select genetic features of patients, using Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to tune hyperparameters. In each trial, ELISE selected multiple models for integration based on add or concatenate stacking strategies, including deep neural network, automatic feature interaction learning via self-attentive neural networks, deep factorization machine, compressed interaction network, and linear neural network, then adopted the best trial to generate a final approach. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm was applied to interpret ELISE, which was then validated in an independent test set.ResultRegarding prediction of responses to atezolizumab within esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) patients, ELISE demonstrated a superior accuracy (Area Under Curve [AUC] = 100.00%). AC005786.3 (Mean [|SHAP value|] = 0.0097) was distinguished as the most valuable contributor to ELISE output, followed by SNORD3D (0.0092), RN7SKP72 (0.0081), EREG (0.0069), IGHV4-80 (0.0063), and MIR4526 (0.0063). Mechanistically, immunoglobulin complex, immunoglobulin production, adaptive immune response, antigen binding and others, were downregulated in ELISE-neg EAC subtypes and resulted in unfavorable responses. More encouragingly, ELISE could be extended to accurately estimate the responsiveness of various immunotherapeutic agents against other cancers, including PD1/PD-L1 suppressor against metastatic urothelial cancer (AUC = 88.86%), and MAGE−A3 immunotherapy against metastatic melanoma (AUC = 100.00%).DiscussionThis study presented deep insights into integrating ensemble deep learning with self-attention as a mechanism for predicting immunotherapy responses to human cancers, highlighting ELISE as a potential tool to generate reliable approaches to individualized treatment.
Bacteroides vulgatus attenuates experimental mice colitis through modulating gut microbiota and immune responses
Authors: Liu Liyun , Xu Mingchao , Lan Ruiting , Hu Dalong , Li Xianping , Qiao Lei , Zhang Suping , Lin Xiaoying , Yang Jing , Ren Zhihong , Xu Jianguo 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionBacteroides vulgatus is one of the predominant Bacteroides species in the human gut and exerts a series of beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of B. vulgatus Bv46 in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced colitis mouse model.MethodsFemale C57BL/6J mice were given 3% DSS in drinking water to induce colitis and simultaneously treated with B. vulgatus Bv46 by gavage for 7 days. Daily weight and disease activity index (DAI) of mice were recorded, and the colon length and histological changes were evaluated. The effects of B. vulgatus Bv46 on gut microbiota composition, fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration, transcriptome of colon, colonic cytokine level and cytokine secretion of RAW 264·7 macrophage cell line activated by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were assessed.Results and DiscussionB. vulgatus Bv46 significantly attenuated symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice, including reduced DAI, prevented colon shortening, and alleviated colon histopathological damage. B. vulgatus Bv46 modified the gut microbiota community of colitis mice and observably increased the abundance of Parabacteroides, Bacteroides, Anaerotignum and Alistipes at the genus level. In addition, B. vulgatus Bv46 treatment decreased the expression of colonic TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in DSS-induced mouse colitis in vivo, reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in macrophages stimulated by LPS in vitro, and downregulated the expression of Ccl19, Cd19, Cd22, Cd40 and Cxcr5 genes in mice colon, which mainly participate in the regulation of B cell responses. Furthermore, oral administration of B. vulgatus Bv46 notably increased the contents of fecal SCFAs, especially butyric acid and propionic acid, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effect of B. vulgatus Bv46. Supplementation with B. vulgatus Bv46 serves as a promising strategy for the prevention of colitis.
A novel uveitis model induced by lipopolysaccharide in zebrafish
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Liu Zhangluxi , Su Guannan , Liu Huan , Yin Wenhui , Guan Yuxuan , Jing Shixiang , Du Liping , Li Fuzhen , Li Na , Yang Peizeng 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveEndotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is an important tool for human uveitis study. This study was designed to develop a novel EIU model in zebrafish.MethodsAn EIU model in zebrafish was induced by intravitreal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection and was assessed dynamically. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to assess infiltrating cells in the vitreous body. The histological changes wereevaluated using HE staining and immune cells were measured by immunofluorescence. The retinal RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to explore the transcriptional changes during inflammation. RNA-Seq data were analyzed using time-course sequencing data analysis (TCseq), ClueGO plugin in Cytoscape, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) software. Flow cytometry and retinal flat mounts were used to dynamically quantify the immune cells.ResultsEIU was successfully induced in zebrafish following intravitreal LPS injection. Inflammation appeared at 4 hours post injection (hpi), reached its peak at 24 hpi, and then resolved at 72 hpi. Immunofluorescence confirmed that massive influx ofneutrophils into the iris and vitreous body, and activation of microglia as evidenced by ameboid-shaped appearance in the retina. Retinal RNA-seq during the EIU course identified four gene clusters with distinct expression characteristics related to Toll-likereceptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, respectively. Prednisone immersion inhibited the inflammatory response of EIU in zebrafish, whichwas confirmed by decreased neutrophils detected in flow cytometry and retinal flat mounts.ConclusionsWe developed a novel EIU model in zebrafish, which may be particularly useful for gene-editing and high-throughput screening of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of uveitis.
Clinical characteristics of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination: A case series
Authors: Song Xiaojie , Ma Jiannan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeTo facilitate the identification of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated diseases in pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination, we explored the clinical characteristics of patients having MOG antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.MethodsWe reviewed patients’ medical records from January 2019 to June 2022 and retrospectively analyzed clinical manifestations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes of children with autoimmune encephalitis who tested positive for MOG antibodies in serum but for whom demyelination was not detected on MRI.ResultsEighteen patients (6 boys, 12 girls; median age: 103.2 (range: 36–160) months) were included: 15 tested positive for MOG antibodies in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); three tested positive only in serum. The most common clinical symptoms were altered mental status (18/18), fever (16/18), headache (14/18), seizures (6/18) and focal neurologic deficits (5/18). All patients had CSF pleocytosis (median count: 74/µL, range: 14–380/µL); five patients had elevated CSF protein levels (median: 0.85 g/L, range: 0.53–1.48 g/L) simultaneously. CSF glucose levels were normal in all patients. Abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) results were found in 12 patients: generalized or focal slowing (9/12), focal epileptic discharges (2/12), and generalized slowing and focal epileptic discharges (1/12). Twelve of the 18 patients showed hyperintense T2-weighted lesions on brain MRI in the cortex (6), basal ganglia (5), thalamus (3), cerebellum (4), and brainstem (2). All patients received immunotherapy and had favorable outcomes at discharge (modified Rankin scale score: &lt;2). Three children relapsed once; however, all children had good outcomes at the last follow-up.ConclusionMOG antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination is mainly characterized by prolonged fever, altered mental status, headache, mild-to-moderate increase in cell count in the CSF, and normal or abnormal brain MRI, which may involve any part outside the white matter without specificity. All patients with MOG antibody-positive pediatric autoimmune encephalitis without demyelination had favorable outcomes after immunotherapy, while a few patients relapsed once.
ADAR1 promotes systemic sclerosis via modulating classic macrophage activation
Authors: Sun Chenming , Cai Dunpeng , Chen Shi-You 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAs a multisystem autoimmune disorder disease, systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the skin and other internal organs. However, mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response that drives the development of SSc remain largely unknown.MethodsADAR1 heterozygous knockout (AD1+/-) mice and myeloid-specific ADAR1 knockout mice were used to determine the function of ADAR1 in SSc. Histopathological analyses and western blot confirmed the role of ADAR1 in bleomycin-induced increased skin and lung fibrosis.ResultsIn this study, we discover that adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1), a deaminase converting adenosine to inosine (i.e., RNA editing) in RNA, is abundantly expressed in macrophages in the early stage of bleomycin-induced SSc. Importantly, ADAR1 is essential for SSc formation and indispensable for classical macrophage activation because ADAR1 deficiency in macrophages significantly ameliorates skin and lung sclerosis and inhibits the expression of inflammation mediator inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and IL-1β in macrophages. Mechanistically, deletion of ADAR1 blocks macrophage activation through diminishing NF-κB signaling.DiscussionOur studies reveal that ADAR1 promotes macrophage activation in the onset of SSc. Thus, targeting ADAR1 could be a potential novel therapeutic strategy for treating sclerosis formation.
Prognostic model of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with anti-angiogenic agents in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaomi , Sun Wei , Ding Xiaoyan , Li Wei , Chen Jinglong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anti-angiogenic agents has shown promising efficacy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but until now no clinical prognostic models or predictive biomarkers have been established.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2021, a total of 258 HCCs treated with ICIs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were retrospectively enrolled, as the study cohort. Patients’ baseline data was extracted by least absolute and shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression. Finally, a prognostic model in the form of nomogram was developed. Model performance was assessed in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. A 5-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate the internal repeatability of the model. In addition, the patient cohort was divided into three subgroups according to nomogram scores. Their survivals were estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods and the differences were analyzed using log-rank tests.ResultsSeven clinical parameters were selected: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), combination of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), extrahepatic metastasis (EHM), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and Child-Pugh score. The model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.777 at 1 year and 0.772 at 2 years. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) showed that the discrimination, consistency and applicability of the model were good. In addition, cross-validation validated the discrimination of the model, and the C index value of the model is 0.7405. The median overall survival (OS) of the high-, medium- and low-risk subgroups was 7.58, 17.50 and 53.17 months, respectively, with a significant difference between the groups (P &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionWe developed a comprehensive and simple prognostic model for the combination of ICIs plus TKIs. And it may predict the efficacy of the combination regimen for unresectable HCC.
CMV reactivation initiates long-term expansion and differentiation of the NK cell repertoire
Authors: Hassan Norfarazieda , Eldershaw Suzy , Stephens Christine , Kinsella Francesca , Craddock Charles , Malladi Ram , Zuo Jianmin , Moss Paul 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionNK cells play an important role in suppression of viral replication and are critical for effective control of persistent infections such as herpesviruses. Cytomegalovirus infection is associated with expansion of ‘adaptive-memory’ NK cells with a characteristic CD56dimCD16bright NKG2C+ phenotype but the mechanisms by which this population is maintained remain uncertain.MethodsWe studied NK cell reconstitution in patients undergoing haemopoietic stem cell transplantation and related this to CMV reactivation.ResultsNK cells expanded in the early post-transplant period but then remained stable in the absence of viral reactivation. However, CMV reactivation led to a rapid and sustained 10-fold increase in NK cell number. The proportion of NKG2C-expressing cells increases on all NK subsets although the kinetics of expansion peaked at 6 months on immature CD56bright cells whilst continuing to rise on the mature CD56dim pool. Phenotypic maturation was observed by acquisition of CD57 expression. Effective control of viral reactivation was seen when the peripheral NK cell count reached 20,000/ml.DiscussionThese data show that short term CMV reactivation acts to reprogramme hemopoiesis to drive a sustained modulation and expansion of the NK cell pool and reveal further insight into long term regulation of the innate immune repertoire by infectious challenge.
Preventive effect of probiotics supplementation on occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pakmehr Azin , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Shirzad Nooshin , Hemmatabadi Mahboobeh , Farhat Sara , Larijani Bagher 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a health challenge during pregnancy and is associated with adverse effects. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may play a role in developing inflammation and insulin resistance observed in GDM. Probiotics are supposed to be influential in preventing GDM since they can alter the composition of microbiota in the intestine. Despite the existing studies on the therapeutic effects of probiotics in women with GDM, in this study we aim to systematically review and meta-analyze the results of randomized control trials (RCTs) on the beneficial effects of probiotics supplements on the prevention of GDM in healthy pregnant women.MethodsWeb of science, Scopus and PubMed databases were searched via a precise strategy to gather RCTs related to our study. Duplication removal, screening and data extraction were conducted by two researchers, independently. Quality assessment of eligible studies was conducted by Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random effects model due to substantial heterogeneity among studies.ResultsTen articles met our eligibility criteria from our initial search of 451 articles. Two thousand nine hundred and twenty-one participants without previously diagnosed glucose disturbance were included in our analysis. Probiotics reduced GDM incidence by 33% (RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.95), while greater effect was detected in trials using multiple-strains probiotics (RR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.99). We did not detect any significant benefits or harms related to probiotics supplements on secondary outcomes including GDM related infantile and maternal complications including preeclampsia, caesarian section, mothers' weight gain during pregnancy, prematurity, macrosomia, hypoglycemia, NICU admission, and birth weight.ConclusionProbiotics supplementation may reduce the incidence of GDM and help control glucose parameters in pregnant women. Further studies are warranted regarding the GDM-related maternal and infantile complications.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022315550, identifier: CRD42022315550.
Analysis of the timing of endoscopic treatment for esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis
Authors: Wu Kaini , Fu Yunfeng , Guo Zixiang , Zhou Xiaodong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundExisting guidelines recommend endoscopic treatment within 12 h or 12–24 h for patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) in cirrhosis. In addition, research findings on the optimal time for endoscopy are inconsistent.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the timing of endoscopy and clinical outcomes in cirrhotic patients with EGVB and to analyze the risk factors for the composite outcomes after endoscopic treatment.MethodsFrom January 2019 to June 2020, 456 patients with cirrhotic EGVB who underwent endoscopy were matched by a 1:1 propensity score. Finally, 266 patients were divided into two groups, including 133 patients within 12 h (urgent endoscopy group) of admission and after 12 h (non-urgent endoscopy group). Baseline data and clinical outcomes were compared. Logistic regression model analysis was used to determine risk factors for 30 days rebleeding and mortality.ResultsIn 266 patients, the overall 30 days rebleeding rate and mortality were 10.9% (n = 29) and 3.4% (n = 9), respectively. Patients who underwent endoscopic treatment within 12 h had significantly higher 30 days rebleeding outcomes than those who underwent treatment beyond 12 h (15 vs. 6.8%, p = 0.003). However, 30 days mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (3 vs. 3.8%, p = 0.736). Logistic regression analysis showed that age and shock on admission were independent risk factors for the composite outcome of 30 days rebleeding and mortality in patients with EGVB.ConclusionThe 30 days rebleeding rate in patients with cirrhotic EGVB treated with urgent endoscopy was significantly higher than that in patients treated with non-urgent endoscopy, but there was no significant difference in 30 days mortality.
Bibliometric analysis and visualization of literature on assisted reproduction technology
Authors: Meng Fanchao , Deng Sheng , Wang Lu , Zhou Yumei , Zhao Mengjie , Li Haibin , Liu Dong , Gao Guojing , Liao Xiaoxing , Wang Jisheng 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAssisted reproductive technology (ART) is a method that uses various techniques to process sperm or ova. Assisted reproductive technology involves removing ova from a woman's ovaries, combining them with sperm in the laboratory, and returning them to the woman's body or donating them to another woman.MethodsBased on the web of science core collection database, we firstly analyzed the quantity and quality of publications in the field of ART, secondly profiled the publishing groups in terms of country, institution, author's publication and cooperation network, and finally sorted out and summarized the hot topics of research.ResultsIn total, 6,288 articles on ART were published between 2001 and 2022 in 1,013 journals. Most of these published articles represent the global research status, potential hotspots and future research directions. Publications and citations of research on assisted reproductive technology have steadily increased over the past few decades. Academic institutions in Europe and the United States have been leading in assisted reproductive technology research. The countries, institutions, journals, and authors with the most published articles were the United States (1864), Harvard Univ (108), Fertility and Sterility (819), and Stern, Judy E. (64). The most commonly used keywords are Assisted reproductive technology (3303) and in-vitro Fertilization (2139), Ivf (1140), Pregnancy (1140), Women (769), Intracytoplasmic Sperm injection (644), In Fertilization (632), Risk (545), and Outcome (423).ConclusionFrozen embryo transfer, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and in vitro fertilization are the main research topics and hotspots in the field of assisted reproductive technology.