bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of pathological complete response with outcomes in locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Choudhary Priyanshu , Gogia Ajay , Deo S. V. S. , Sharma Dayanand , Mathur Sandeep R. , Batra Atul , Raju Sagiraju Hari Krishna 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy response rates in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) vary significantly among Indian patients, and the factors affecting pathological complete response (pCR) rate are not clear in this population.

Objectives:
This study was aimed at identifying the various clinicopathological features associated with achieving pCR and its effect on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among Indian women diagnosed with LABC.

Materials and Methods:
Women diagnosed with LABC between 2013 and 2019 and who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiotherapy were ambispectively analyzed for clinicopathological responses and survival outcomes. Factors associated with pCR and the role of pCR as a prognostic factor for survival outcomes were examined.

Results:
After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pCR was achieved in 99 (23.3%) patients, with the highest rates noted in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors. Compared to hormone receptor-positive tumors with HER2-negative status, all other tumor groups had significantly higher odds of achieving pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (TNBC: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.58 [95% CI, 2.20–9.53]; hormone receptor- and HER2+: aOR, 3.93 [95% CI, 1.66–9.27]; hormone receptor + and HER2+: aOR, 2.78 [95% CI, 1.20–6.44]). Hormone receptor status and attainment of a pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with better DFS and OS outcomes particularly in patients with HER2-positive and TNBC tumors.

Conclusions:
Patients who attain a pCR following neoadjuvant chemotherapy have improved survival outcomes; pCR rates vary by hormone and HER2 receptor status. Therapeutic approaches such as anti-HER2 and platinum-based regimens may be considered for achieving better pCR rates. The use of biomarkers for the identification of individuals with breast cancer who will not benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be considered along with early cancer detection strategies.
Clinical profile and outcomes of malignant melanoma in patients from an Indian institute
Authors: Shishak Sorun , Mittal Abhenil , Aswar Harshal , Pandey Rambha , Kalra Kaushal , Gupta Aarushi , Barwad Adarsh , Dhamija Ekta , Shamim Shamim Ahmed , Aggarwal Aditi , Kaliyath Soorej Balan , Rastogi Sameer 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The profile of patients with malignant melanoma in Asian countries is distinctly disparate from that of those in Western countries. Malignant melanoma is a rare malignancy with scarce literature from India.

Objectives:
We aimed to describe the clinical profiles and outcomes of Indian patients with advanced malignant melanoma.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the data of consecutive patients with malignant melanoma who presented to the bone and soft tissue sarcoma clinic at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, between January 2016 and March 2019. Our primary endpoint was to evaluate the clinical profile of the patients and the patterns of treatment. The secondary endpoints were response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:
We included 93 patients in the cohort, with a median age of 53 years (range, 25–85). The majority of patients were men (61.3%); almost half had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or greater. Most (89.2%) patients had metastases at presentation. The most common primary sites were anorectal (24.7%), acral (24.7%), ocular (17.2%), head and neck (15.1%), and thigh (9.7%). The median number of metastatic sites at presentation was 2, with the most common sites of metastases being the lymph nodes (57%), lung (48.3%), liver (35.5%), and bone (25.8%). BRAF V600E mutation was present in three out of four tested patients, while c-KIT mutation was present in two out of seven tested patients. At a median follow-up of 18 months, the median PFS was 2 months (95% confidence interval, 1.2–2.7 months) and median OS was 7 months.

Conclusion:
Acral/mucosal melanoma is the most common melanoma among Indians and has poor outcomes. Limited access of patients with melanoma to standard-of-care therapeutic options remains an important issue in a resource-constrained country like India.
Prophylactic use of donut-shaped cushion to reduce sacral pressure injuries during open heart surgery
Authors: Heo Min Hee , Kim Ji Yeon , Park Beom Il , Lee Sang Il , Kim Kyung-Tae , Park Jang Su , Choe Won Joo , Kim Jun Hyun 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Pressure injuries are likely to develop in the operating room due to the high temperature and humidity underneath the patients. This study was designed to reduce sacral pressure injuries using donut-shaped cushions on patients undergoing open heart surgery in a supine position for more than three hours.

Materials and Methods:
Patients undergoing open heart surgery for more than three hours were randomly allocated. Depending on the allocation, either the donut-shaped cushion (donut group) or hydrophilic foam dressing (control group) was applied before draping. Patients were evaluated for the development of pressure injuries, National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) stage, and injury size immediately after surgery, 48 hours, and seven days after surgery.

Results:
Forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty-two were assigned to the donut group and 23 were assigned to the control group. Three patients developed pressure injuries of NPUAP stage I or higher. All injuries occurred in the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.083).

Conclusions:
Patients who underwent cardiac surgery for more than three hours and used a donut-shaped cushion did not develop pressure injuries, although no statistical difference was noted. Specific preventative measures in the operating room may play a crucial role in preventing pressure injuries, and further research should be pursued.
Adductor canal catheter block after total knee arthroplasty in patients with severe osteoarthritis and limited mobility. A single center study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alturki Abdullah , Alsheikh Khalid , Aldeghaither Sarah A. , Alsebayel Firas M. , Alazzam Saleh , Alhandi Ali A. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most performed procedures. Postoperative pain control is an important factor for the improvement of patient's quality of life. The aim of this study is to report pain control results and functional outcome scores associated with adductor canal blockade (ACB) usage post-TKA.

Methods:
A prospective case series study of patients who underwent TKA for degenerative osteoarthritis with ACB postoperatively from 2018 to 2019 in a single center in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh. Assessment of functional outcome scores and pain level were measured preoperatively and postoperatively respectively using Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Results:
Average KOOS score preoperatively for all 5 domains showed a marked improvement at 3 months compared to preoperative values. Pain score postoperatively was measured at 12, 24, and 48 h with an average of 0.7, 1.2, and 0.6 out of 10 on the VAS scale, respectively. The incidence of associated common side effects with the use of analgesic use was included as an add-on in the postoperative questionnaire.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, by comparing preoperative and postoperative pain levels and functional outcome scores, our study showed a significant pain control and improved functional outcome scores following TKA using ACB.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis following different volumes of supraclavicular brachial plexus block- A prospective randomized double blinded study
Authors: Johnson J. Edward , Daniel Shabila 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Ipsilateral diaphragmatic paralysis occurs following supraclavicular blocks such as interscalene blocks, supposedly attributable to the backward diffusion of the local anesthetic (LA) inside the neural sheath. Hence, we have made an attempt to assess diaphragmatic paralysis with ultrasonogram (US) following different volumes of supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks (SCB).

Aim:
To compare the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis with different volumes of supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ultrasonogram.

Methods:
Sixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I and II were randomized to receive 20, 25, or 30 mL of 0.375% bupivacaine in a double-blinded fashion, and supraclavicular block was performed using ultrasound guidance in an in-plane technique. Diaphragmatic excursion and velocity were studied using a curvilinear 3.5 MHz transducer before and 20 min after giving the block.

Results:
The incidence of reduction in diaphragmatic excursion and velocity in the group receiving 30 mL was 45% and 45%, respectively, which was higher, whereas it was 47.5% and 32.5% in the 25 mL group and 40% and 25% in the 20 mL group, respectively, which were still lower. Pre- and post-block data were studied using T-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney U test. The probability of reduction in diaphragmatic excursion and velocity in each group was <0.05, which was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that there is a greater risk of inadvertent phrenic nerve blockade even in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. The resulting hemidiaphragmatic paralysis is volume dependent, and the overall incidence is higher at greater volumes. Hence, caution is required against compromised perioperative lung function in patients with preexisting cardiorespiratory dysfunction.
Kesesuaian Uji Antigen Capture Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay dan Nested Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction untuk Diagnosis Rutin Bovine Viral Diarrhea
Authors: Irianingsih Sri Handayani , Waluyati Dessie Eri , Sari Desi Puspita , Wuryastuty Hastari 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is one of the main causes of impaired productivity and reproduction of cows. Antigen capture Elisa (ACE) is one of the serological technique that is sensitive, reliable and used regularly for detecting persistent BVD infection individually which simpler than multiplex nested PCR. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between ACE and multiplex nested PCR as a routine laboratory diagnostic technique to detect the presence of BVD infection. A total of 128 cow serum samples consisting of 63 positive and 65 negative samples based on ACE were used in this study. The samples were collected from active and passive surveillance in dairy and beef cattle conducted by Balai Besar Veteriner (BBVet) Wates. The serum samples were then tested molecularly using multiplex nested PCR against BVD. The result showed 48 out of 63 BVDV-1 positive samples were found positive BVD antigen whereas 57 of 65 BVDV-1 negative samples were negative using multiplex nested PCR, . The agreement value between the two different assays based on statistic analysis using Kappa method was 0.64 and classified a good one. The result concluded that the ACE BVD assay was equally suitable as routine diagnosis to determine BVD infected cattle in the farm.
Keywords: Antigen capture ELISA; Bovine viral diarrhea; Kappa; Multiplex nested PCR.

Abstrak
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) merupakan salah satu penyebab gangguan produktivitas dan reproduksi sapi. Antigen capture ELISA (ACE) merupakan salah satu teknik serologis yang sensitif, dapat diandalkan dan digunakan secara teratur untuk mendeteksi infeksi BVD persisten secara individual yang lebih sederhana daripada multiplex nested PCR. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara uji ACE dan multiplex nested PCR sebagai teknik diagnostik laboratorium rutin untuk mendeteksi adanya infeksi BVD. Sebanyak 128 sampel serum sapi yang terdiri dari 63 sampel positif dan 65 negatif berdasarkan ACE BVDV Antigen Test Kit/Serum Plus (Idexx®) digunakan dalam kajian ini. Sampel serum sapi merupakan koleksi dari surveilans aktif dan pasif pada sapi perah dan potong yang dilakukan Balai Besar Veteriner (BBVet) Wates. Sampel serum kemudian diuji secara molekuler menggunakan multiplex nested PCR terhadap BVD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan teknik multiplex nested PCR, 48 dari 63 sampel positif BVDV-1 ditemukan positif untuk antigen BVD sedangkan 57 dari 65 sampel negatif BVDV-1 negatif untuk antigen BVD. Analisis statitik berdasarkan perhitungan metoda Kappa menunjukkan nilai kesesuaian antara dua uji sebesar 0,64 dan tergolong bagus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesimpulan bahwa uji ACE BVD sesuai sebagai diagnosis rutin untuk menentukan ternak yang terinfeksi BVD di peternakan.
Kata kunci: Antigen capture ELISA; Bovine viral diarrhea; Kappa; Multiplex nested PCR.
Penggunaan Cairan Ekstrak Isi Gizzard dan Duodenum Ayam pada Pengukuran Kecernaan In Vitro Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora)
Authors: Mulyono Ali Mursyid Wahyu , Yani Sri Sukar , Awanis Jizan Fahmia Al 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the use of Gizzard Contents Extracts (GCE) and Duodenum Contents Extracts (DCE) of Chicken on In Vitro digestibility measurements of Turi Leaves (Sesbania grandiflora). The study was designed using a One-way Classification of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments. Each treatment was repeated three times. Types of treatment in the form of using GCE and DCE, including: (1) control treatments (without GCE or DCE), (2) GCE, (3) DCE, and (4) a mixture of GCE and DCE. The observed variables were Coefficient of Dry Matter Digestibility (CDMD), Coefficient of Organic Matter Digestibility (COMD), and Coefficient of Soluble Protein Digestibility (CSPD). The results showed that the addition of GCE, DCE, and a mixture of GCE and DCE could not increase the CDMD, COMD, and CSPD of Turi Leaves compared to the control treatment.
Keywords: Duodenal contents extract; Gizzard content extract; In vitro digestibility; Turi leaves.

Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan cairan ekstrak isi gizzard (CEIZ) dan duodenum (CEID) ayam pada pengukuran kecernaan in vitro daun turi. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah dengan 4 perlakuan. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Macam perlakuan berupa penggunaan penggunaan CEIZ dan CEID ayam, meliputi perlakuan kontrol (tanpa CEIZ maupun CEID), CEIZ, CEID, dan campuran CEIZ dan CEID. Variabel pengamatan berupa koefisien cerna bahan kering (KCBK), koefisien cerna bahan organic (KCBO), dan koefisien cerna protein terlarut (KCPT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan cairan ekstrak isi gizzard, duodenum dan campuran keduanya tidak dapat meningkatkan KCBK, KCBO, dan KCPT daun turi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan control.
Kata kunci: Cairan ekstrak isi duodenum; Cairan ekstrak isi gizzard; Daun turi; Kecernaan in vitro.
Taller vocacional sin sesgo para elección de la carrera profesional en estudiantes de 4to y 5to de secundaria Piura
Authors: Concha-Lima Noemí , Briones-Mendoza Mario Napoleón 
Published: January 2022

Es frecuente encontrar jóvenes estudiantes de educación superior, quienes siguen una carrera y en el camino se desaniman, y muchos de ellos aceptan que eligieron dicha carrera por diferentes motivos, pero no por convicción personal. En este sentido la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la influencia de un Taller vocacional sin sesgo, para la elección de la carrera profesional en estudiantes del 4to y 5to de secundaria, en Piura-Perú. El estudio fue de tipo cuantitativo, diseño cuasi experimental con dos Grupos (control y experimental). La población fue 60 estudiantes de instituciones educativas Piura. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios para conocer intereses y actitudes vocacionales, dio como resultado influencia significativa en diferencia de las Medias, Según la T de Student, al obtener un p valor de 0,000 < 0,05, el grupo experimental en el pretest obtuvo una Media de 47.00 y en Post test fue de 39.43 lo que hace evidente la diferencia de medias, así mismo la diferencia en el Post test de los dos grupos comparados tenemos una potencia de 1-β = 1.0 y un efecto de d=2.28, ambos mayores al tamaño tabular de 0.80. Estos resultados llevaron a concluir que el taller aplicado al grupo experimental fue eficaz y se concluye que, si existe influencia significativa del Taller Vocacional sin sesgo para la elección de la carrera profesional de estudiantes de secundaria de institución educativa Villa María Cieneguillo Centro Piura, 2021.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PENDIDIKAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI KECAMATAN TAPOS KOTA DEPOK
Authors: Koto Deni Indra Purnama 
Published: January 2022

Aset organisasi paling penting yang harus dimiliki oleh suatu organisasi dan sangat diperhatikan oleh manajemen adalah asset manusia dari organisasi tersebut.Organisasi dikelola dan terdiri atas orang-orang,para karyawannya, tanpa orang-orang maka organisasi tidak bakal ada.Kinerja pegawai sampai saat ini belum sesuai harapan, karena masih terjadi kesenjangan antara yang berkinerja sangat baik dengan yang berkinerja hanya sebatas standar minimal yang ditentukan.Disiplin kerja yang belum optimal demikian pula pendidikan pelatihan yang belum efektif.Banyak variabel yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai, sesuai hipotesa ada pengaruh antara disiplinkerja dan pendidikan pelatihan terhadap kinerja pegawai secara parsial maupun simultan.Sesuai penelitian ternyata teruji ada Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Pegawai dan Pendidikan Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di , Kecamatan TAPOS , KOTA DEPOK secara parsial maupun simultan dengan persamaan regresi berganda, Yaitu : Y = 27,158 + 0,351X1 + 0,644X2 dan koefisien determinasi berganda sebesar 75,10% dengan rincian, sebagai berikut:1. Disiplin kerja pegawai mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai, sebesar 35,10%.2. Pendidikan pelatihan pegawai mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai sebesar 64,40%.3. Disiplin kerja pegawai dan pendidikan pelatihan pegawai secara simultan (bersama) mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai sebesar 75,10%.Pengaruh pendidikan pelatihan lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan disiplin kerja pegawai namun apabila dikerjakan secara simultan akan bersinergi karena pengaruhnya meningkat terhadap kinerja pegawai menjadi sebesar 75,10%.Untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai maka manajemen harus memperhatikan dan meningkatkan, antara lain sebagai berikut:1. Disiplin pegawai harus ditingkatkan dengan cara memberikan sangsi tegas bagi pegawai yang melanggar.2. Manajemen harus melaksanakan kegiatan pendidikan pelatihan secara rutin dan terencana sesuai kebutuhan organisasi dan pegawai.
DETERMINANTS OF LABOUR DEMAND, A CASE OF MOGADISHU CITY, SOMALIA
Authors: Mohamed Mahad 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of labour demand, a case of Mogadishu City, Somalia.Methodology: The paper employed desktop methodology, which involved review of existing literature relating to the study topic. The design involves a review of existing studies relating to the research topic.Results: Based on the findings the study identified cost as a key determinant of labour demand, especially, in the formal sector. Previous studies indicate that most firms demand for cheap labour. The study also identified education as an important determinant of demand for labour in the World. Owing to the increasing global competitiveness, firms demand for highly skilled and competent workforce. Unfortunately, majority of workforce in developing countries such as Somalia do not have the right skills and competence. Further, the study concluded that a country with a stable economic growth enjoys high demand for labour. This is because the available workforce is skilled and competent enough. However, in developing countries such as Somalia, the demand for labour is very low. Somalia has experienced long period of economic slowdown, and this has affected the quality of workforce.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the study findings the study recommends that the federal government of Somalia should adopt measures to regulate labour cost. The study also recommends that the government should adopt more measures to promote education. The study further recommends for international interventions to ensure that Somalia’s economy gets back on its fit. Stable economic growth will lead to increased demand for labour.
Investigation of Screen Time Inclination and the Accompanying Visual and Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Young Smartphone Users
Authors: Chen Ai-Hong , Rosli Saiful Azlan , Basri Ramlah , Hoe Cosette Yoon Wey 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the screen time inclination and its accompanying visual and musculoskeletal discomfort in young smartphone users. Thirty-one smartphone users aged between 20 - 30 years old were recruited through convenient sampling. The screen time patterns were recorded daily for a week and documented using Action Dash on Google Play Store according to the times of the day (morning, afternoon evening and night). Accompanying visual and musculoskeletal symptoms were examined through a self-reporting questionnaire survey. The questions used in the questionnaire were adapted and modified from the Asthenopia Questionnaire and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results showed that young smartphone users spent approximately 30 % of their time on screen and were relatively similar for different times of the day. Daily screen time was approximately 7.36 ± 1.74 h. Most users engaged in WhatsApp (74 %), followed by YouTube (68 %), Instagram (65 %) and Twitter (39 %). Tired eyes were reported by all smartphone users. A positive correlation was only found between weekly screen time and eye strain (p < 0.05). All musculoskeletal symptoms were self-reported by young smartphone users in our study but anatomical locations varied in percentages. Neck pain was the most significant musculoskeletal symptom associated with screen time (OR = 4.80, 95 % CI: 0.95 - 24.14, p < 0.05). Every smartphone user reported at least 1 type of visual symptom. All smartphone users reported tired eyes. In conclusion, our results showed that smartphone users spent one third of their time daily on-screen and mostly on social media. Tired eyes and neck pain were the most common accompanying symptoms. Visuo-skeletal symptoms are common among young and healthy smartphone users. Our findings advocate that future strategic plans to address digital related health problems from the perspective of health education, promotion and protection should be inclusive of youth.
HIGHLIGHTS

Excessive screen time is a public health concern
Adverse health implications have been linked to excessive electronic usage
Smartphone users spend one-third of their time daily on-screen and mostly on social media
Visuo-skeletal symptoms are common among young and healthy smartphone users
Tired eyes and neck pain are the most common accompanying symptoms

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT