bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The correlation between second-hand tobacco smoke exposure and biofilm formation in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Standyło Arkadiusz , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Mielnik-Niedzielska Grażyna 
Published: June 2022

Introduction and purpose
Tobacco smoke is a major health concern globally. Due to tobacco epidemic, approximately 8 million people died as a result of cigarette smoking in 2020 alone, where 1.2 million were caused by non-smokers inhaling second-hand smoke. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition that has a significant health and economic impact worldwide. Despite its great burden on the health-care system and patients' quality of life, the variety of therapy options for CRS is currently limited. Tobacco-induced biofilm formation may contribute to the refractory nature of many respiratory diseases reported in smokers and second-hand smokers, due to increased resistance to antibiotics. The aim of this study is to present that exposure to household passive smoking may induce the formation of nasal biofilms.
Brief description of the state of knowledge
Chronic bacterial infections involving biofilms have recently been recognised as a factor in CRS pathogenesis. The presence of biofilms on the mucosa of CRS patients is associated with more severe pre-operative disease, persistent postoperative symptoms, ongoing mucosal inflammation, and infections following endoscopic sinus surgery. Tobacco smoke and CRS have been associated because of the immunosuppressive and irritating effects of tobacco smoke on sinonasal epithelial cells. Smoking uptake and cessation have been shown to affect microbial communities, with smokers having not just distinct microbial communities, but also a higher frequency of possible pathogens in those communities.
Summary
Biofilms may play a significant role in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis. The impact of tobacco smoke on biofilm development could have major implications not only for CRS but also for other respiratory infections.
Conformations and Currents Make the Nerve Signal
Authors: Eisenberg Robert , Catacuzzeno Luigi , Franciolini Fabio 
Published: June 2022

Little is known about how conformation changes of proteins control biological function. How do the locations reveal themselves as measurable physical properties of the protein?One place these questions can be (mostly) answered is in the proteins that form the voltage activated channels of nerve.
We calculate conformation currentin Na
Vand K
V channels in response to a step of voltage. Changing isoleucine of K
V channels to threonine of Na
V channels speeds responses to voltage, andallows the separation of opening of Na
V and K
V channels needed to create nerve signals.
The polarization mechanism we propose is both logically
sufficient and logically
necessary to account for the difference in speed and the structural movements of voltage sensors. It is
sufficient because we reproduce properties of gating current under a realistic range of conditions.It is
necessary because the movement of chargeswe calculate

must
produce the currents we calculate given the universal and exact nature of the Maxwell equations that link charge and current. Our conclusions arise fromthe universal and exact conservation of total current implied by the Maxwell equations.
Of course, evolution is not logical. It often provides redundant mechanismsbeyond the necessary and sufficient. These mechanisms may provide properties not glimpsed here. These mechanisms may also control the speed of gating and give the gating system biologically and evolutionarily useful properties unknown to us.
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (ICBT) as an effective treatment alternative to tinnitus management
Authors: Tay Kei Wee 
Published: June 2022

Introduction- Tinnitus is a type of chronic hearing disorderoften described as ringing in the ears. With the global pandemic in 2020, a shift was observed to telemedicine. Cost-effectiveness aside, Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) has gained popularity as a convenient and accessible alternative to face-to-face treatments. However, its usage has yet to gain traction in Indonesia.

Objectives- To determine the effectiveness of ICBT and its possibility to be used as a feasible audiologist-guided intervention tool. This study is targeted at existing tinnitus patients who have yet to receive any form of intervention previously.

Method- Thirty-six patients were chosen from the existing pool of patients diagnosed with tinnitus by Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) practitioners. Their baseline tinnitus perception and QOL measures were determined using the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ), the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). These patients were subjected to ICBT. A post-intervention measurement was taken at the 3-months and 6-months mark respectively.
This Randomized Control Trial (RCT) seeks to determine the effectiveness of ICBT in improving the overall QOL of patients and to find out how effective ICBT is in alleviating tinnitus-associated distresses.

Results & Conclusion- The effectiveness of ICBT was established in this study in alleviating tinnitus-related distress in patients and contributing to overall improvement of patient QOL and other negative tinnitus-related effects. The results were consistent throughout the 6 months of this study. Results suggest that patients experienced greater relief from tinnitus-linked comorbidities and better QOL improvement vis-à-vis the baseline results.
Pengembangan Mobile Apps Android sebagai Media Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Memfasilitasi Pemahaman Konsep
Authors: Futri Basya Yuhan , Faqih Rifa’i Aulia , Arfinanti Nurul 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan mobile apps android yang berkualitas sebagai media pembelajaran matematika berbasis pendekatan kontekstual untuk memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep. Mobile apps ini berisikan materi Fungsi Komposisi yang disajikan sesuai aspek pendekatan kontekstual untuk memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep. Kriteria ketercapaian kualitas adalah valid dan praktis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2016 hingga Februari 2017. Penelitian ini diujicobakan di SMA Negeri 7 Yogyakarta kepada 24 siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan prosedur pengembangan software SDLC model waterfall. Tahapan waterfall meliputi analisis masalah, desain produk, coding, serta testing. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa mobile apps android yang digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran matematika diluar pembelajaran. Mobile apps ini telah melalui tahap pengujian, yaitu pengujian alpha dan pengujian beta. Hasil pengujian alpha yang dilakukan oleh 3 orang ahli materi memperoleh persentase rata-rata 91% (Sangat Baik) serta 3 orang ahli media dengan memperoleh persentase rata-rata 86% (Sangat Baik) sehingga dikatakan valid. Hasil pengujian beta yang dilakukan oleh siswa memperoleh persentase 74% (Setuju) sehingga dikatakan praktis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mobile apps android telah layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran matematika berbasis pendekatan kontekstual untuk memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep.
Extensions of Gronwall-Bellman type integral inequalities with two independent variables
Authors: Xie Yihuai , Li Yueyang , Liu Zhenhai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we establish several kinds of integral inequalities in two independent variables, which improve well-known versions of Gronwall-Bellman inequalities and extend them to fractional integral form. By using these inequalities, we can provide explicit bounds on unknown functions. The integral inequalities play an important role in the qualitative theory of differential and integral equations and partial differential equations.
Changing Civic Spaces in the Light of Authoritarian Elements of Politics and the Covid Crisis – The Case of Austria
Authors: Simsa Ruth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper analyzes changing civic spaces in Austrian civil society. Different levels of authoritarian politics in different phases of the last 8 years – the recent phase intertwined with the Covid-19 crisis – are analysed in terms of their impact on civil society frameworks. Empirically, the paper draws on three studies completed in 2014, 2019 and 2021. The results shed light on the complex interplay between civil society and the government. Specifically, they show the steps towards authoritarian governing of early state autocrats related to civil society, in particular the often-unspectacular elements that together form a clear pattern of civil society capture and changing civic spaces. Further, they show both the vulnerability of civil society regarding framework conditions – e.g. posed by the pandemic – and politics but also its strategies of resilience.
Inverse problem with two unknown time-dependent functions for $2b$-order differential equation with fractional derivative
Authors: Lopushansky A.O. , Lopushanska H.P. 
Published: June 2022

We study the inverse problem for a differential equation of order $2b$ with a Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative over time and given Schwartz-type distributions in the right-hand sides of the equation and the initial condition. The generalized (time-continuous in a certain sense) solution $u$ of the Cauchy problem for such an equation, the time-dependent continuous young coefficient and a part of a source in the equation are unknown.
In addition, we give the time-continuous values $\Phi_j(t)$ of desired generalized solution $u$ of the problem on a fixed test functions $\varphi_j(x)$, $x\in \mathbb R^n$, namely $(u(\cdot,t),\varphi_j(\cdot))=\Phi_j(t)$, $t\in [0,T]$, $j=1,2$.
We find sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of the generalized solution of the inverse problem throughout the layer $Q:=\mathbb R^n\times [0,T]$ and the existence of a solution in some layer $\mathbb R^n\times [0,T_0]$, $T_0\in (0,T]$.
Expresión de proteínas inducibles por frío en la médula espinal de rata sometida a hipotermia sistémica
Authors: Sarotto Aníbal José , Rey-Funes Manuel , Dorfman Verónica Berta , Contartese Daniela , Larráyoz Ignacio M. , Martínez Alfredo , Toscanini María Agustina , Loidl César Fabián 
Published: June 2022

Introducción: La lesión traumática de la médula espinal es la principal causa de discapacidad motora en el mundo, y representa una prioridad para la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se estudió, a nivel estructural y bioquímico, el efecto de la hipotermia sobre la expresión de la CIRBP (proteína activada por frío) en el asta anterior de la médula de ratas Sprague-Dawley albinas macho de 60 días, planteándola como terapéutica posible.
Materiales y Métodos: Se dividió a 24 ratas en dos grupos: normotermia a 24 °C (n = 6) e hipotermia a 8 °C (n = 18), durante 180 min, sacrificadas a las 12, 24 y 48 h después del tratamiento. Se utilizó Western blot e inmunohistoquímica para la CIRBP.
Resultados: Se observó un aumento progresivo de la expresión de la CIRBP de 12 a 48 h en las motoneuronas del asta anterior. Los valores fueron estadísticamente significativos entre los grupos de 24 h y 48 h comparados con los de los controles.
Conclusiones: Este modelo experimental resultó eficaz, accesible y económico para generar hipotermia sistémica y abre un abanico de estrategias terapéuticas. El aumento en la expresión de las proteínas inducibles por frío en la médula espinal de ratas permite, por primera vez, estudiar el beneficio que aporta la hipotermia a nivel molecular, lo que resulta de suma importancia para estudios de terapéuticas en las lesiones medulares.
Negative Correlation between Outdoor Cycling Physical Activity and Depression Levels during the Covid-19 Pandemic among Members of Malang Cycling Community
Authors: Raharjo Slamet , Kurniawan Ari Wibowo , Handayani Heni Yuli , Widiastuti Widiastuti , Taufik Muhammad Syamsul , Sandryawan Avryan , Andiana Olivia 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between the habit of outdoor cycling activities and the level of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among the members of the bicycle community in Malang City.
Materials and methods. This research is correlational, with a cross-sectional study approach. A total of 125 subjects from the bicycle community in Malang City voluntarily participated to become respondents in this study. The measurement of cycling physical activity habits was carried out using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while the measurement of the level of depression used the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Measurements of physical activity habits and depression levels were performed at the same time. The data analysis used the Pearson product-moment model using statistical software package for social science (SPSS) version 17.0 with a set significance level (p ≤ 0.05).
Results. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the habit of outdoor cycling activities and the level of depression (r = –0.604; p ≤ 0.001) and showed a strong correlation between the two variables.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, there is a negative correlation between the habit of outdoor cycling activities and the level of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among the members of the bicycle community in Malang City.
Effect of Recreational Futsal on Body Composition in Passive Football Players
Authors: Maliqi Arben , Sylejmani Blerim , Myrtaj Nazim 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of recreational futsal on passive middle-aged footballers in body composition.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted on a sample of 58 men aged from 30 to 40, average age 35.88 ± 2.39. The sample was divided into two groups. The first group included 29 passive football players (average age 35.58 ± 2.36) who were engaged in recreational futsal 2-3 times a week, and the second group included 29 passive football players (average age 36.17 ± 2.42) who weren’t engaged in recreational physical activity. The body composition was assessed by TANITA BC-601, the method of bioelectrical impedance, which became a reference method in research studies in the body composition analysis. The variables obtained were: body height (cm), body weight (kg), fat mass (%), muscle mass (kg), bone mass (kg), body mass index (kg/m2), calorie consumption – daily calorie intake (kcal), vitality of the body, quantity of water in the body (%), visceral fat (%).
Results. Groups are not distinguished in the variables body height (HBH), calorie consumption – daily calorie intake (DCI), vitality of the body (BMR), and quantity of water in the body (TBV) because p > 0.05. In the variables where body mass, body fat tissue and muscle mass were assed, namely body weight (BWT), fat mass (BFP), muscle mass (TBM), bone mass (BMD), body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat (AVF), a statistically significant difference was gained p < 0.05 in favor of the group of passive football players who were involved in recreational futsal.
Conclusions. It can be said that the recreational futsal as physical activity is an effective tool to improve body composition not only in passive football players but in all persons of all ages regardless of gender. Intensity and duration in recreational futsal is an effective way to reduce body fat in the population of passive middle-aged football players.
Formation of human capital in the real economy sector: ecosystem approach
Authors: Flek M. B. , Ugnich E. A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: the purpose of the article is to substantiate the ecosystem approach to managing the interaction of an enterprise with educational and other organizations to provide it with the necessary human capital.Methods: this article is based on an ecosystem approach. A resource approach was used to substantiate the advantages of the professional and educational ecosystem. The method of situational analysis is used. The questionnaire method made it possible to evaluate the results of the ecosystem of a particular enterprise based on the expert`s opinion. The assessment of the structural model of management of the professional and educational ecosystem was carried out using correlation analysis.Results: the possibilities of an ecosystem approach to the formation of new organizational forms of interaction between subjects of the real sector of the economy and the education system in a dynamically changing external environment are shown. The content of the vocational education ecosystem is revealed as a kind of socio-economic, the key features of which are the specific composition of subjects and a special goal (creation of joint value) – reproduction of the enterprise human capital. The key objects of management of the vocational education ecosystem are highlighted: resources, processes, results and interaction of participants. An algorithm for evaluating the management system of the vocational education ecosystem of the enterprise is presented. The experience of the vocational education ecosystem of a knowledge-intensive enterprise is analyzed and practical recommendations for its development are given.Conclusions and Relevance: the approach to the management of the vocational education ecosystem through the analysis of key objects considered in the article has practical significance and allows us to give concrete practical recommendations for its improvement. Based on the results of the analysis of the objects of management of the vocational education ecosystem of the machine-building enterprise, the need to strengthen the relationship of enterprises with educational organizations that form the basis of human capital has been established. The key advantage of the vocational education ecosystem of the enterprise is the unhindered accessibility for employees of the enterprise in advanced training, the implementation of the principle of lifelong learning.
Implementation of ESG strategies of Russian companies under sanctions restrictions
Authors: Izmailova M. A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:of the study is to analyze and determine the prospects for the implementation of ESG strategies of Russian companies in the context of escalating anti-Russian sanctions restrictions.Methods:the study is based on the application of the concept of sustainable development, evolving from the "umbrella" concept of corporate social responsibility. The application of the concept of a systematic approach and the theory of decision-making to the management of the organization allowed us to consider the possibilities of incorporating ESG principles into the development strategy of companies.Results:an assessment of the state of non-financial reporting in Russia is given, showing a significant gap between Russian companies and foreign ones in the number of published reports. The impact of Western sanctions on the disclosure of financial statements has been determined, and the relevant draft law is expected to be approved regarding the regulation of the issuance of non-financial statements, the development of which takes into account the experience of anti-Russian sanctions restrictions. It is established that in conditions of high uncertainty of the geopolitical and economic situation, Russian companies confirm their commitment to the course of sustainable development, recognizing the possibility of revising the Sustainable Development Goals, updating the ESG strategy and the portfolio of ESG projects. The prospects and tasks for the development of the ESG agenda, as well as the directions of the evolution of non-financial reporting, are determined.Conclusions and Relevance: in the face of unprecedented sanctions restrictions, Russian companies continue to follow previously adopted ESG strategies. Building business processes based on ESG principles gives undeniable advantages at different levels of the economic system: at the macro level – improving the environmental situation on a planetary scale; at the national level – progressive socio-economic development; at the micro level – increasing loyalty to the company of all its stakeholders with all the ensuing advantages. Recognizing the positive adherence of Russian companies to the global trend of issuing non-financial reports informing the public about the results of the implementation of their ESG strategies, Russian business needs to improve the quality of this activity: organize the process of preparing reports taking into account current challenges, trends, requests of the state, investors and society, objectively reflect the results in the field of ESG transformation.
International practice of the blockchain technology usage in recording and registration systems for land rights
Authors: Nikitin A. V. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: the purpose of this article is to study the current and potential opportunities for using blockchain technology in systems for recording and registering property rights to land.Methods: the work was based on a comprehensive and system analysis, a comparison of international practices for working with blockchain technology, as well as the study and comparison of existing international practices in the subject area under consideration.Results: systems based on blockchain technology can be used in systems for recording and registering rights to land plots, however, they must be adapted to the existing procedure and consider legal requirements. Since an institutional infrastructure is needed to guarantee real estate rights, only the use of closed private or hybrid blockchain technology, administered by employees of a public institution and used by legitimate participants in real estate transactions (e.g., notaries and real estate lawyers) with the provision of proper user identification, can be accepted. into account. These theses are confirmed by practical examples based on the results of the analysis among 12 countries. In states with a high degree of digitalization of rights registration systems, a significant level of involvement of state bodies remains, and a system based on the principles of a private closed blockchain is used as an additional technology that supports existing registration systems.Conclusions and Relevance: blockchain technology can be used as a tool to improve the efficiency of existing land registration systems and increase the security level of ongoing transactions. At the same time, transactions will be transparent, immutable and recoverable. However, taking into account the specifics of registration and transfer of rights, features of legislative and legal norms. It is recommended to continue the discussion of the optimal legal and technical ways to use the opportunities offered by blockchain technology, in accordance with the main functions of accounting and registration systems for land rights.