bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On technical debt in mathematical programming: An exploratory study
Authors: Vidoni Melina , Cunico Maria Laura 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Technical Debt (TD) metaphor describes development shortcuts taken for expediency that cause the degradation of internal software quality. It has served the discourse between engineers and management regarding how to invest resources in maintenance and extend into scientific software (both the tools, the algorithms and the analysis conducted with it). Mathematical programming has been considered ‘special purpose programming’, meant to program and simulate particular problem types (e.g., symbolic mathematics through Matlab). Likewise, more traditional mathematical programming has been considered ‘modelling programming’ to program models by providing programming structures required for mathematical formulations (e.g., GAMS, AMPL, AIMMS). Because of this, other authors have argued the need to consider mathematical programming as closely related to software development. As a result, this paper presents a novel exploration of TD in mathematical programming by assessing self-reported practices through a survey, which gathered 168 complete responses. This study discovered potential debts manifested throughsmellsand attitudinal causes towards them. Results uncovered a trend to refactor and polish the final mathematical model and use version control and detailed comments. Nonetheless, we uncovered traces of negative practices regardingCode DebtandDocumentation Debt, alongside hints indicating that most TD is deliberately introduced (i.e., modellers are aware that their practices are not the best). We aim to discuss the idea that TD is also present in mathematical programming and that it may hamper the reproducibility and maintainability of the models created. The overall goal is to outline future areas of work that can lead to changing current modellers’ habits and assist in extending existing mathematical programming (both practice and research) to eventually manage TD in mathematical programming.
Multi-objective model for perishable food logistics networks design considering availability and access
Authors: Orjuela-Castro Javier Arturo , Orejuela-Cabrera Juan Pablo , Adarme-Jaimes Wilson 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe supply chains of perishable food (PFSC) fresh, present imbalances between supply and demand, in times of supply deficit is necessary to guarantee the food security through the availability, the access and other pillars. In the PFSC losses are highest, whereby the delivery times must be low to guarantee the availability. For the access, must be include the largest number of retailed storekeepers, thus monopolies from large hypermarkets are avoided. In this context, the modeling In PFSC presents big challenges such as the inclusion of delivery times, losses and fresh food biophysical specific conditions which depend of the transport time and storage, the configuration and the number of echelons on the PFSC. In this article, a multiobjective, multiproduct and multi-echelon for perishable food logistics networks design mixed linear programming model is presented. The model allows determining the best configuration so that the different actors of the PFSC, so that could move closer to more efficient borders. The model considers the losses in perishable food derived from the impacts caused by changes in temperature (T°) and relative humidity (RH), on a mountainous environment of developing countries. It is solved in AMPL through e-constrains method. The model is applied in a case study around the perishable fruit supply chains (PFrSC). The information to the model parameterization was obtained through surveys done to the actors of the different echelons of PFrSC during a 4-year period that were complemented with secondary information from public and private enterprises.
Deskriptive Grundvorstellungen von Lernenden zum Prozentbegriff
Authors: Gudladt Paul 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Prozentrechnung als inhaltsbezogener Themenbereich der Sekundarstufe I zeichnet sich besonders durch einen starken Alltagsbezug aus. Bestehende Studien zeigen, dass Lernende in diesem Themengebiet besonders dann Schwierigkeiten haben, wenn das Verlassen von algorithmischen Lösungsschemata eingefordert wird. Stehen den Lernenden ikonische Darstellungen zur Verfügung kann ein positiver Effekt auf die Lösungsquoten festgestellt werden. Da die Forschungslandschaft zwar den Nutzen von Darstellungen im Zusammenhang mit der Prozentrechnung aufzeigt, diese Darstellungen jedoch nicht miteinander verglichen und deren Potenziale ausgelotet werden, analysiert und kategorisiert der vorliegende Artikel Eigenproduktionen von interviewten Jugendlichen zu Prozenten. Es können vier unterschiedliche Kategorien rekonstruiert werden, die die zwölf interviewten Jugendlichen nutzen, um Anteile ikonisch darzustellen: Das Erweitern als Verfeinern, das Additive Erweitern, der Quasikardinale Aspekt und das Operative Erweitern. Diese Kategorien werden anhand von vier deskriptiv ermittelten Charakteristika miteinander verglichen und im Hinblick auf ihre Tragfähigkeit unter Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der Grundvorstellungen von Prozenten in den Blick genommen. Die erhobenen Daten deuten darauf hin, dass die additive Charakteristik bei der Lösung der gestellten Aufgaben zu Schwierigkeiten seitens der Lernenden führen kann. Hinsichtlich ihrer zur Lösung der untersuchten Aufgaben erzeugten ikonischen Darstellungen legen die Ergebnisse die Schlussfolgerung nahe, dass vor allem die Nutzung des Tortendiagramms tragfähig zu sein scheint.
Heart rot of Australian pineapples caused by Dickeya zeae
Authors: Young Anthony J. , Pathania Nandita , Manners Andrew , Pegg Kenneth G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPineapple plants (hybrid MD2) with bacterial heart rot were detected in a commercial plantation at Glasshouse Mountains, Queensland, in November 2015. The bacterial strain BRIP64263 isolated from infected tissue was shown to be a Gram negative soft-rotting bacterium capable of growth at 41 ºC, and based on its culture properties was provisionally identified as Dickeya. This strain was compared with other putative Dickeya strains affecting banana (BRIP64262) and potato (BRIP29490). Sequence analysis of the recombinase A genes of the pineapple strain placed it in phylotype I of D. zeae, whereas the banana strain was placed in phylotype II. This was confirmed by sequence comparisons for the phosphofructose kinase, RNA polymerase and aconitase genes which showed that the pineapple strain BRIP64263 is distinct from other strains that infect pineapples and other hosts in Australia and overseas. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of the replication initiation factor gene showed that strains affecting pineapples were distributed among both phylotypes of D. zeae, indicating multiple acquisitions or opportunistic infections of pineapple from this group of pathogens. The potato isolate, BRIP29490, was shown to be Rahnella aquatica, and is not likely to be pathogenic. It is not known whether the new isolate represents an incursion or whether it has long been associated with pineapples in Australia. Further study is required to determine the epidemiological characteristics of this strain, and what threat it poses to Australian pineapple production.
AI Ethics and the Automation Industry: How Companies Respond to Questions About Ethics at the automatica Trade Fair 2022
Authors: Braun Maximilian , Tigard Daniel , Schönweitz Franziska , Lucaj Laura , von Janowski Alexander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Against the backdrop of a recent history of ongoing efforts to institutionalize ethics in ways that also target corporate environments, we asked ourselves: How do company representatives at the automatica 2022 trade fair in Munich respond to questions around ethics? To this end, we started an exploratory survey at the automatica 2022 in Munich, asking 22 company representatives at various booths from various industrial sectors the basic question: “Is there somebody in your company working on ethics?” Most representatives were responding positively and tried to connect the term to pre-existing practices, processes, or organizational entities in their respective companies. Mostly, they either located ethics as being relevant to their organization on an institutional level, on a cultural level, on an inter-company level, or on a product level. This exploratory investigation has also shown that the ongoing debates and regulatory efforts about ethics in AI have not yet become a major selling point for company representatives at the trade fair.
YAP1 acts as a negative regulator of pro-tumor TAZ expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kuo Yi-Zih , Kang Ya-Rong , Chang Wei-Lun , Sim Lydia Chin-Ling , Hsieh Tzu-Chin , Chang Chu-Han , Wang Yi-Ching , Tsai Ching-Jung , Huang Li-Chun , Tsai Sen-Tien , Wu Li-Wha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although YAP1 and TAZ are believed to be equivalent downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, differential expression of YAP1 or TAZ suggests distinct functions during cancer progression. The exact role of YAP1 and TAZ in esophageal cancer, the 6th leading cancer-related mortality in the world, remains elusive.

Methods
Following single or double manipulation of YAP1 or TAZ expression, we subjected these manipulated cells to proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumorigenesis assays. We used RT-qPCR and Western blotting to examine their expression in the manipulated cells with or without inhibition of transcription or translation. We also examined the impact of YAP1 or TAZ deregulation on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients from the TCGA database.

Results
We found that YAP1 functions as a tumor suppressor whereas TAZ exerts pro-tumor functions in esophageal cancer cells. We also found a significant increase in TAZ mRNA expression upon YAP1 depletion, but not vice versa, despite the downregulation of CTGF and CYR61, shared targets of YAP1 and TAZ, in xenografted tissue cells. In addition to transcriptional regulation, YAP1-mediated TAZ expression was found to occur via protein synthesis. Restored TAZ expression mitigated YAP1-mediated suppression of cellular behavior. By contrast, TAZ silencing reduced the promoting effect exerted by YAP1 depletion on cellular behaviors. The observed anti-tumor function of YAP1 was further supported by a better overall survival among esophageal cancer patients with a high YAP1 expression.

Conclusion
From our data we conclude that YAP1 functions as a suppressor and negatively regulates pro-tumor TAZ expression via transcriptional and translational control in esophageal cancer.
Impact of cropping system diversification on productivity and resource use efficiencies of smallholder farmers in south-central Bangladesh: a multi-criteria analysis
Authors: Emran Shah-Al , Krupnik Timothy J. , Aravindakshan Sreejith , Kumar Virender , Pittelkow Cameron M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiversification of smallholder rice-based cropping systems has the potential to increase cropping system intensity and boost food security. However, impacts on resource use efficiencies (e.g., nutrients, energy, and labor) remain poorly understood, highlighting the need to quantify synergies and trade-offs among different sustainability indicators under on-farm conditions. In southern coastal Bangladesh, aman season rice is characterized by low inputs and low productivity. We evaluated the farm-level impacts of cropping system intensification (adding irrigated boro season rice) and diversification (adding chili, groundnut, mungbean, or lathyrus) on seven performance indicators (rice equivalent yield, energy efficiency, partial nitrogen productivity, partial potassium productivity, partial greenhouse gas footprint, benefit-cost ratio, and hired labor energy productivity) based on a comprehensive survey of 501 households. Indicators were combined into a multi-criteria performance index, and their scope for improvement was calculated by comparing an individual farmer’s performance to top-performing farmers (highest 20%). Results indicate that the baseline system (single-crop aman season rice) was the least productive, while double cropped systems increased rice equivalent yield 72–217%. Despite gains in productivity, higher cropping intensity reduced resource use efficiencies due to higher inputs of fertilizer and energy, which also increased production costs, particularly for boro season rice. However, trade-offs were smaller for diversified systems including legumes, largely owing to lower N fertilizer inputs. Aman season rice had the highest multi-criteria performance index, followed by systems with mungbean and lathyrus, indicating the latter are promising options to boost food production and profitability without compromising sustainability. Large gaps between individual and top-performing farmers existed for each indicator, suggesting significant scope for improvement. By targeting indicators contributing most to the multi-criteria performance index (partial nitrogen productivity, energy efficiency, hired labor energy productivity), results suggest further sustainability gains can be achieved through future field research studies focused on optimizing management within diversified systems.
Influence of Pulse Energy and a Material’s Magnetic Field on the Morphology of the Dimples Produced with Nanosecond Pulsed Laser on a Magnet
Authors: Ahuir-Torres J. I. , Sharp M. C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMagnets made of NdFeB alloys are applied in numerous industries because they have excellent magnetic properties and good thermal stability. However, their low corrosion resistance and fragility reduce the number of the applications in harsh environments. Laser surface texturing is a powerful technique to improve the properties of materials via surface functionalisation. The characteristics of the textures define the properties of the functionalised surfaces and the laser parameters in turn influence the texture features. Pulse energy is a laser parameter with high influence on the geometry and the morphology of the textures. The magnetic field of these magnets are also expected to have an influence on the texture features. In this present work, the influence of the pulse energy (from 5µJ to 696µJ) on the dimple characteristics created with an infrared (1064 nm) nanosecond pulsed (200ns) fibre laser single pulses on NdFeB alloy (magnetic material) have been studied. The shape features of the laser textures on the samples were analysed through optical microscopy and profilometry. This work shows that the single pulses produced textures of U-type dimple kind on the metallic material. The shapes of the dimples were also altered by magnetic field of the material, which indicates that the magnetic properties of the alloys remain in liquid state. The factors of the laser beam-material interaction, pulse energy and energy depth penetration, are furthermore presented in this paper. These factors can be employed to design the width, diameter and depth of the dimples.
Comparison of verbal and computerised months backwards tests in a hospitalized older population
Authors: Mulligan Martin , Lally Leona , Adamis Dimitrios , Meagher David , Exton Chris , Dunne Colum , McCarthy Geraldine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Delirium is extremely prevalent, yet underdiagnosed, in older patients and is associated with prolonged length of hospital stay and higher mortality rates. Impaired attention is the cardinal deficit in delirium and is a required feature in diagnostic criteria. The verbal months backwards test (MBT) is the most sensitive bedside test of attention, however, hospital staff occasionally have difficulty with its administration and interpretation. We hypothesise that the MBT on an electronic tablet may be easier and more consistent to use for both experienced and unexperienced medical professionals and, if the diagnostic efficacy was similar, aid delirium diagnosis.

Aim
We aim to investigate the correlation of the verbal MBT with a computerised MBT application.

Methods
Participants recruited (age > 65, n = 75) were allocated to different cohorts (Dementia and Delirium (DMDL), Dementia (DM), Delirium (DL), No Neurocognitive Disorder (NNCD)) and were administered both the verbal and electronic versions.

Results
Correlation between measurements were: overall Spearman’s rho = 0.772 (p < 0.0001); DMDL rho = 0.666 (p < 0.0001); DL rho = 0.778 (p = 0.039); DM rho = 0.378 (p = 0.203); NNCD rho = 0.143 (p = 0.559).

Discussion
Overall, and for the delirious subset, statistically significant agreement was present. Poor inter-test correlation existed in the groups without delirium (DM, NNCD).

Conclusions
The MBTc correlates well with the MBTv in patients who are clinically suspected to have delirium but has poor correlation in patients without delirium. Visuospatial cognition and psychomotor deficits in a dementia cohort and mechanical factors (such as tremor, poor fingernail hygiene and visual impairment) in a group with no neurocognitive disorder may limit the utility of the MBTc in a hospitalised older population.
The Role of Transportation in the Enrollment of Elderly African Americans into Exercise and Memory Study: GEMS Study
Authors: Graham Lennox , Ngwa Julius , Ntekim Oyonumo , Ogunlana Oludolapo , Johnson Steven , Nadarajah Sheeba , Fungwe Thomas V. , Turner Jillian , Ruiz Mara Ramirez , Khan Javed , Obisesan Thomas O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding the factors driving recruitment and enrollment of African Americans (AA)s in clinical translational research will assure that underrepresented populations benefit from scientific progress and new developments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. While transportation is pivotal to volunteers’ ability to participate in research, its contribution to enrollment in exercise studies on AD is yet to be elucidated. Thus, this research focuses on identifying factors that influence the recruitment and enrollment of African Americans in biomedical studies and determining whether the availability of transportation motivates participation in time-demanding exercise studies on AD.

Methods
We analyzed recruitment data collected from 567 volunteers ages 55 and older screened through various recruitment sources and considered for enrollment in our exercise and memory study. To determine whether transportation influenced the enrollment of African Americans (AA)s in biomedical studies, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant factors that drive enrollment. Furthermore, the association of race and demographic factors on the availability of transportation was assessed.

Results
Demographic factors, age at screening, education, gender, and cognitive scores were not significantly different among those enrolled compared to control (not-enrolled). In the relationship of enrollment to transportation, enrolled participants were more likely to have access to transportation (79.12%) than not-enrolled participants who had less access to transportation (71.6%); however, the association was not statistically significant. However, race differentially influenced the likelihood of enrollment, with elderly AAs being significantly less likely to have transportation (p = 0.020) than the Whites but more likely than “others” to have transportation.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that access to transportation may be a key factor motivating enrollment in an exercise and memory study in a predominantly AA sample. Notably, AAs in our sample were less likely to have transportation than Whites. Other demographic factors and cognitive scores did not significantly influence enrollment in our sample. A larger sample and more detailed assessment of transportation are needed to further discern the role of transportation in clinical trials.
Association of dietary proteins with serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate in a general population sample: the CHRIS study
Authors: Vukovic Vladimir , Hantikainen Essi , Raftopoulou Athina , Gögele Martin , Rainer Johannes , Domingues Francisco S. , Pramstaller Peter P. , Garcia-Larsen Vanessa , Pattaro Cristian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Diet is known to affect kidney function. However, population-based studies provide contrasting evidence, resulting in a poor understanding of the effect of proteins from specific foods on kidney health.

Methods
We analyzed the effect of total daily protein intake (TDPI) and source-specific daily protein intake (DPI) on fasting serum creatinine (SCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the Cooperative Health Research In South Tyrol (CHRIS) cross-sectional study (n = 5889), using the GA2LEN food frequency questionnaire for TDPI and DPI estimation. We fitted multivariable adjusted mixed models of SCr and eGFR on TDPI and DPI quartiles (Q1-Q4) in the overall sample, and after removing individuals with known hypertension, diabetes or chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Results
Higher TDPI as well as DPI from overall animal sources, fish, and poultry, were associated with higher SCr (trend test p, ptrend < 0.01), with larger effect after excluding individuals with known hypertension, diabetes or CKD. The eGFR was lower at higher TDPI (Q4 vs Q1: − 1.6 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI − 2.5, − 0.7; ptrend = 3e−4) and DPI from fish (Q4 vs Q1: − 2.1 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI − 2.9, − 1.20; ptrend = 4.3e−6), overall animal source (Q4 vs Q1: − 1.6 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI −2.5, − 0.8), processed meat (Q4 vs Q1: − 1.4 ml/min/1.73 m2; ptrend = 0.027), red meat, offal and processed meat (Q4 vs Q1: − 1.4 ml/min/1.73 m2; ptrend = 0.015) and poultry (Q4 vs Q1: − 0.9 ml/min/1.73 m2; ptrend = 0.015).

Conclusions
TDPI and DPI from specific animal sources were positively associated with SCr and negatively associated with eGFR. Lacking an alternative marker of kidney function, confounding involving muscle mass metabolism cannot be fully excluded.

Graphical abstract
Early Life Maltreatment and Adolescent Interpretations of Ambiguous Social Situations: Investigating Interpersonal Cognitions and Emotional Symptoms
Authors: Bennett Eleanor M. , Gray Paul , Lau Jennifer Y. F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the general population, negative interpretations of social situations have been associated with risk of developing emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Given that childhood maltreatment poses risk for later emotional disorders, this study examined whether interpersonal cognitive style differentiated maltreated adolescents from their non-maltreated peers and correlated with emotional symptoms across each group. Forty-seven maltreated and 28 non-maltreated adolescents were recruited from New South Wales, Australia to complete a battery of questionnaires that assessed interpersonal cognitions and levels of anxiety and depression. Comparable endorsement of threatening interpretations of social situations between maltreated adolescents and their non-maltreated peers across measures was found. Furthermore, an association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and interpretation bias was found within the non-maltreatment group but not the maltreated group. Unlike general population samples, negative cognitions do not associate with emotional symptoms in victims of early maltreatment. More research is needed to investigate the cognitive factors maintaining emotional symptoms in adolescent victims of maltreatment.