bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Analysis Index Predicts Complications and Discharge Outcomes after Brain Tumor Resection Better than Patient Age and Modified Frailty Index-5
Authors: Thommen Rachel , Hall Daniel , Miskimins Richard , McKee Rohini , Kassicieh Alexander , Kazim Syed Faraz , Rumalla Kavelin , Bowers Christian , Schmidt Meic , Kalakoti Piyush 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo evaluate the discriminative prognostic utility of the Risk Analysis Index-Administrative (RAI-A) as compared to the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5) and patient age for postoperative outcomes of brain tumor resection (BTR) patients. MethodsPatients with BTR were queried from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSIQP) for the years 2015 to 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between frailty tools and postoperative complications and discharge outcomes.ResultsWe identified 30,951 patients that underwent craniotomy for BTR; the median age of our study sample was 59 (IQR 47-68) years old and 47.8% of patients were male. Overall, increasing RAI-A score, in an overall stepwise fashion, was associated with increased post-operative outcomes including in-hospital mortality, non-routine discharge, major complications, Clavien-Dindo Grade IV complication, and extended length of stay. The RAI-A tiers 41-45 and >45 were ~4 (Odds Ratio [OR]: 4.3, 95% CI: 2.1-8.9) and ~9 (OR: 9.5, 95% CI: 3.9-22.9) more times more likely to have mortality compared to RAI-A 0-20. Multivariable regression analysis (adjusting for age, sex, BMI, non-elective surgery status, race, and ethnicity) demonstrated that RAI-A was an independent predictor of all BTR outcomes.Conclusions and RelevanceIncreasing RAI-A score is a better predictor than the mFI-5 and increasing patient age for in-hospital complications and discharge outcomes in BTR patients. The RAI-A may help providers present better preoperative risk assessment for patients and families weighing the risks and benefits of potential BTR.
Virtual Social Interactions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Effect of Interpersonal Motor Synchrony on Social Interactions in The Virtual Space
Authors: Probolovski Hila Gvirts , Ehrenfeld Lya , Sharmaa Mini 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Although the link between synchrony and emotional contagion has been studied extensively during face-to-face interaction, the question of whether this association also exists in virtual settings has remained unanswered. Here, we examined whether this link exists during virtual social interactions and whether pro-social effects will be induced during those interactions. To this end, two strangers shared difficulties they have experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic during a virtual social interaction. The findings revealed that spontaneous motor synchrony and emotional contagion can arise during a virtual social interaction between two strangers and that this kind of interaction has pro-social effects. It can thus be presumed that virtual social interactions may share similar characteristics and social effects with face-to-face interactions. Considering the tremendous changes COVID-19 epidemic has caused regarding social communication, these findings may provide grounds for developing new intervention protocols aiming at dealing with the consequences of social distancing.
Cryo-EM structure and functional landscape of an RNA polymerase ribozyme
Authors: McRae Ewan , Wan Christopher , Kristoffersen Emil , Hansen Kalinka , Gianni Edoardo , Gallego Isaac , Curran Joseph , Attwater James , Holliger Philipp , Andersen Ebbe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The emergence of an RNA molecule capable of replicating itself and other RNA sequences is a central pillar of hypotheses regarding the origin of life. In vitro evolution has yielded polymerase ribozymes (PR) that can copy a range of RNA templates using nucleotide or trinucleotide triphosphates (triplets) as substrates and may give rise to a replicase activity. However, our understanding of PR function is encumbered by a lack of structural information beyond the progenitor class I ligase (cIL) ribozyme. Here, we report the structure of the complete 5TU+t1 triplet polymerase ribozyme (TPR) apoenzyme and map its structure / function landscape. The TPR is an RNA heterodimer, comprising a catalytic (5TU) and a catalytically inactive (t1) subunit held together by two kissing loop interactions and its overall structure resembles a left hand with thumb and fingers at a 70° angle. While the 5TU subunit shows partial structural homology to the cIL, the t1 accessory subunit - despite sharing the same progenitor - exhibits a dramatically reorganized secondary and tertiary structure. Our combined structural and functional data suggest a model for templated RNA synthesis by the TPR holoenzyme and provide a foundation for a better understanding of RNA’s potential for self-replication.
A Calligraphy Exercise for Improving Upper Limb Functions in Subacute Stroke Patients: A Pilot Randomized Control Study
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Wu Xiaodi , Qiao Jun , Chen Nan , Wu Xie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Self-administered rehabilitation exercises can improve upper limb (UL) function in stroke patients, but their effects depend on successful integration of fundamental principles of neurorehabilitation. This study aimed to validate the effect of a modified calligraphy exercise for improving UL function in subacute stroke patients. Methods: 30 subacute stroke patients were randomized into experimental and control groups. Patients in the experimental group received three-week calligraphy interventions. Patients in the control group received education protocol. Fugl-Meyer Assessment for UL (FMA-UL), Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) assessment were performed before and after the interventions.Results: Both groups got significantly higher FMA-UL scores after the interventions (P < 0.001), but no significant improvement was found in the DASH assessment in the experimental (P = 0.336) or the control group (P = 0.024). For the MBI assessment, significant improvements after the interventions were found in the experimental (P = 0.001) and the control groups (P < 0.001). It was also found that patients in the experimental group had significantly better performance in the post-intervention FMA-UL assessment than patients in the control group (P = 0.001). However, patients in the experimental group did not get significantly higher scores in the post-intervention MBI assessment than patients in the control group (P = 0.243).Conclusions: The outcomes indicated that the modified calligraphy exercise improved the motor impairments in the patients’ UL, suggesting its potential as a self-administered exercise for facilitating UL function recovery in subacute stroke patients.Trial RegistrationThis study was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on Feb. 4, 2021, and was assigned of a trial registration number: ChiCTR2100043036.
TBTA-D2Net: a novel hyperspectral image classification method based on triple-branch ternary-attention mechanism and improved dense2Net
Authors: Tang Ting , Pan Xin , Luo Xiaoling , Gao Xiaojing , Yan Weihong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, hyperspectral image (HSI) classification methods based on deep learning with few samples have received extensive attention. To extract more discriminative HSI features and prevent the network from degradation due to deepening, this paper proposed a network based on the triple-branch ternary-attention mechanism and improved dense2Net (TBTA-D2Net) for HSI classification. In this paper, the spatial information is taken as a two-dimensional vector, and the spectral features, spatial-X features, and spatial-Y features are extracted separately in three branches. A dense2Net bottleneck module and an attention module are designed on each of these three branches. Finally, the features extracted from the three branches are fused for classification. To evaluate the effectiveness of the TBTA-D2Net algorithm, experiments are conducted on three publicly available hyperspectral datasets, Indian Pines (IP), Pavia University (UP), and Salinas Valley (SV). The experimental results show that in the case of the small proportion of training samples, the TBTA-D2Net algorithm performs better than the other comparative algorithms in classification. The overall classification accuracy of OA improved by an average of 1.55%-4.12% over the second-best algorithm.
Graphene Saturable Absorber Mirror for Passive Mode-locking of Mid-Infrared QCLs
Authors: Outafat Amine , Faci Salim , Richalot Elodie , Protat Stéphane , Algani Catherine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Passive mode-locking in quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) remains one of the huge challenges because of the fast relaxation time of the excited carriers which is typically in the range of sub-picoseconds. The use of conventional techniques such as the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror is inefficient because the spatial hole burning effect dominates the carrier dynamics. To overcome this effect, longitudinal transition structures with relaxation time around \(50 \mathrm{ps}\) were proposed. However, mode-locking is assured with an external modulation at a cavity roundtrip frequency. In this paper, we demonstrate that a single-layer graphene used as a saturable absorber permits to generate stable pulses in such structures. The graphene is integrated with a highly reflective mirror to increase the internal electric field and achieve the saturation intensity. The dynamic of the QCL is modeled with Maxwell-Bloch equations and the graphene layer with Maxwell-Ampere equation. This system of equations is solved using the one-dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. To model the graphene layer of \(0.33 \mathrm{nm}\) thickness, a specific sub-cell is implemented using Maloney method. Simulation results show a generation of isolated pulses with a peak electric field of \(80 \mathrm{\frac{MV}{m}}\) and a duration of \(51 \mathrm{fs}\). The mode-locking remains stable for the QCL with a vertical transition having a relaxation time below \(5 \mathrm{ps}\).
Preoperative planning of compact zone trajectory is necessary in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with endplate involvement: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Hung Pei-I , Chou Po-Hsin , Lin Hsi-Hsien , Wang Shih-Tien , Chang Ming-Chau 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground Treatment strategy focusing on osteoporotic vertebral body and endplate fracture is not emphasized. This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes between reduction methods with or without compact trabecular bone during percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Methods 100 patients who underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty were randomly divided into groups A (the guide pin and balloon were introduced into fracture site directly) and B (the guide pin and balloon were inserted away from the fracture site). Surgical duration, clinical and radiological outcomes at postoperative and follow-up, and complication of cement leakage and adjacent fracture were recorded. Patients were followed up for an average of 20.18 months. Clinical outcome was assessed using the Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale (VAS). Results Both groups had similar patient demographics. Two groups had similar operation time and injected cement volume. The method of elevating the collapsed endplate indirectly had no significant influence on radiological outcomes, however, there was significant influence on decreasing intradiscal cement leakage and postoperative functional outcomes at 1-month and 12-month follow-up. Conclusion Elevating and reinforcing the collapsed endplate rather than just fulfilling the defect during percutaneous kyphoplasty is a safe and more effective way in pain and functional improvement with lower rates of further collapse in the osteoporotic vertebral fractures with endplate destruction.
“I'm putting a Band-Aid on a bullet hole the only way I know how:” Barriers and facilitators of opioid use and recovery in Nevada
Authors: Swigart Tessa , Lee Lisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nevada, like the rest of the United States, is undergoing substantial challenges with opioid use disorder (OUD), further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. While much of the attention around substance use is centered on treatment and recovery, it is important to understand the factors that influence initiation of use, and the function substances play in people’s everyday lives. We conducted qualitative semi-structured individual interviews using purposive and snowball sampling among 35 people across Nevada with a current or prior history of OUD. Our questions were developed to capture why people start to use drugs, why they continue to use, what motivates them to continue to use or to seek treatment, and why individuals maintain recovery or return to use. We found five significant emergent themes: that trauma is a risk factor for drug misuse; that the function of opioids in everyday life is a source of temporary relief but also highly disruptive; that recovery is most often a complicated and nonlinear process; that there are many barriers to accessing services that are both logistical and psychosocial; and that compassion, hope, and having a sense of purpose are crucial to the recovery process. In this paper, we intentionally provided ample space to elevate the voices of people with lived experience using opioids. The narratives portray opioid use as a rational choice to escape the emotional ramifications of trauma. However, due to the physiological dependence and physical risk of opioids, drug policies that criminalize addiction, societal stigma toward people who use drugs (PWUDs), and the barriers to timely access of harm reduction, treatment, and recovery services, PWUDs become trapped in a distressing cycle. Lastly, respondents indicated that hope, value, belonging, and purpose are powerful factors in cultivating intrinsic motivation for making positive changes in one’s life and fostering resilience.
Development and evaluation of recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay for detecting Schistosoma haematobium gene in urine samples
Authors: Zhao Song , Zhang Qiaoqiao , Wang Xinyao , Li Wei , Juma Saleh , Zhang Jianfeng , Yang Kun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: A sensitive assay to diagnose S. haematobium infection (which causes urogenital schistosomiasis) is needed to improve control and elimination interventions. However, the sensitivity of immunological diagnostic methods and other methods (such as reagent strip testing to detect microhematuria and microscopy-based egg counting) for detecting S. haematobium infection is low. Therefore, we aimed to develop a rapid and specific assay based on recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) for surveillance and subsequent control of S. haematobium infection in low-endemic areas, evaluate its sensitivity and specificity, and validate its diagnostic performance using urine samples from infected individuals. Methods: Using a mitochondrial COX1 gene fragment of S. haematobium , we designed a fluorescent probe according to the principle of RAA, and then established and optimized a reaction system for use in an RAA assay. We also assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the RAA assay and validated its diagnostic performance (compared to microscopy-based egg counting) using urine samples from imported patients with light (<50 eggs/10mL urine) and heavy (≥50 eggs/10mL urine) S. haematobium infection loads and negative controls. Results: The established RAA assay (at 39°C in 20 minutes) could detect as little as 10 copies/μL of S. haematobium recombinant plasmid and had no cross-reaction with Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosoma japonicum, Ancylostoma duodenale , Clonorchis sinensis , Echinococcus granulosus , or Ascaris lumbricoides . The validation of the RAA assay showed that it had 100% consistency with microscopy-based egg counting.Conclusion: As it is simple to use and has high sensitivity and specificity, the RAA assay for S. haematobium can be used in field diagnostics to support urogenital schistosomiasis control and elimination in Africa and regions with imported cases.
Surface fractal analysis of the pore structure in natural and heat-treated spruce wood cell walls using nitrogen adsorption/desorption test
Authors: Gao Yiqin , Wang Mingjie , Li Yuanyuan , Li Li , Chen Yao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Surface fractal dimension evaluates the internal surface complexity of pores in a wide range of materials. Unfortunately, the scale-dependent property of surface fractal in the pore structure of natural and heat-treated wood remains unclear. In this study, derived from the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) fractal model and the Neimark fractal model, a comprehensive surface fractal analysis of the pore structure of natural and heat-treated wood was carried out based on nitrogen adsorption/desorption data. The results showed that two regions were identified as surface fractal, i.e., the pores with diameters less than 10 nm (Region 1) and the pores with diameters larger than 10 nm (Region 2). The scale-dependent property of two fractal regions was not affected by the different heat treatment atmospheres. The FHH and Neimark surface fractal dimensions of the pores in Region 1 were 2.079–2.155 and 2.780–2.940, respectively, and showed an obvious difference. The FHH and Neimark surface fractal dimensions of the pores in Region 2 were 2.481–2.536 and 2.413–2.551, respectively, and showed a slight difference. In addition, the FHH surface fractal dimensions of the pores in Region 2 had a positive relationship with the rate of early-stage moisture absorption. These findings are expected to evaluate the relationship between the transport properties and the pore structure in wood cell walls through the surface fractal dimension.
Multi-Peak and Bright-Dark Solitary Wave Solutions of Higher-Order Dispersive Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations and their Applications
Authors: Li Yue , Arshad Muhammad , Lu Dianchen , Xu Xu , Hussain Naveed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In mathematical physics, the Schrödinger equations have very important applications in Quantum mechanics, transmission lines, and optical fibers. The higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLSEs) having higher-order dispersion, nonlinearity and cubic-quintic terms illustrates the propagation in optical fibers of enormously short pulses. In this paper, we construct the wave solutions of the higher-order NLSE with cubic-quintic dispersion and generalized second-order spatiotemporal dispersive NLSE by using the modified exponential rational function method (MERFM). As results, narrative solitons solutions in different forms are obtained, such as bright-dark solitons, trigonometric function, hyperbolic function, rational function, exponential function, singular solutions etc. The constructed results are compared with existing solutions in the literature which confirm that some have not been found in previous studies and their structures play an important role to explain a lot of physical phenomenon. Moreover, the structures of the newly obtained solutions are described by given appropriate parameters, and some interesting and novel graphs are obtained, which are helpful to explain the complicated physical phenomena of these nonlinear models. As consequence show the predominant and effectiveness of MERFM, which is also suitable for solving similar mathematical and physical models in other fields.
Identification of hybrid tuliptree and parental species by near infrared hyperspectral imaging （NIR-HSI） spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Zhenan , Wu Haoqi , Gao Handong , Xue Xiaoming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hybrid tuliptree (Liriodendron sion-americanum P.C. Yieh ex Shang et Z.R. Wang) has good wood quality and been widely used in furniture and other fields. Compared with parental species, hybrid tuliptree displayed faster growth rate, better wood quality and wider adaptability. But the morphological properties of hybrid tuliptree and parental species are highly similar, its identification has become an urgent problem. This study aims to evaluate the capabilities of near infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) technique to identify hybrid tuliptree, Chinese tuliptree, and tuliptree. For this purpose, the building models were carried out using Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine (SVM) after different data treatment. The results demonstrated that NIR-HSI spectroscopy combined with successive projections algorithm (SPA) treatment and SVM model can achieve the highest prediction accuracy (100%). This study shows that NIR-HSI technique has great potential in the genus Liriodendron identification and is suitable for classifying highly similar woods.
Hybrid Lightweight Attribute-Based Security Scheme for Fog-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Lachure Jaykumar , Doriya Rajesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) combines resources from both physical and cyberspace. A typical CPS system is like a Water Distribution System (WDS) composed of different sensors, actuators, logical programming controllers, and grid systems. Cloud computing provides on-demand computing services and data, but suffers from latency and security issues between devices. The devices in CPS are power-constrained and perform real-time operations; therefore, authentication of these devices is crucial for ensuring secure communication between the instruments and control room. The lightweight Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) helps to provide authentication between the device and fog-enabled controller rooms. The proposed Hybrid Lightweight Attribute-Based Security Scheme helps to provide authentication and signature verification with significantly less computational and communication overhead. Thus, the model helps to save energy and works in real-time. The model is also tested with a different brain-pool curve list to determine which curve list performs better and faster.
Utilization of Diabetes Self-Management Program among Breast, Prostate, and Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Using 2006-2019 Texas Medicare Data
Authors: Lee Wei-Chen , Digbeu Biai Dominique Elmir , Serag Hani , Sallam Hanaa , Kuo Yong-Fang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Cancer treatment is associated with inferior health outcomes such as diabetes. Medicare provides Diabetes Self-Management Training (DSMT) program to beneficiaries to achieve normal metabolic control and reduce the risk of micro and macro-vascular complications. This study aimed to examine the trend of DSMT utilization among cancer survivors and assess individual characteristics associated with DSMT utilization.
Methods: The data for this study was from Texas Cancer Registry-Medicare linkage data with prostate, breast, or colorectal cancer diagnosed in 1999-2017. Outcome variables include the number of first-time DSMT users, the number of total users, and the average number of DSMT utilization in minutes. We performed logistic regression and gamma regression to obtain multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for the association between DSMT utilization and individual characteristics.
Results: The number of first-time users has slowly increased but suddenly dropped after 2016. The number of all users (first-time and follow-up users) has increased and remained plateau after 2016. Determinants including Hispanic ethnicity and Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility are positively associated with both initiation and retention of DSMT. Barrier to both initiation and retention of DSMT is living in a metropolitan area.
Conclusions: Multi-level strategies to enhance accessibility and availability of DSMT programs for Medicare beneficiaries are highly recommended.
Implication to Cancer Survivors: Examining the DSMT utilization over 14 years provides insights on how to strengthen utilization to reduce burden of diabetes on cancer survivors.