bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hypoglycemia at the Time of Hospitalization for Heart Failure from Emergency Department on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events with and without Type 2 Diabetes.
Authors: Cha Seon-Ah , Yun Jae-Seung , Kim Gee Hee , Ahn Yu-Bae 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Very few studies have examined the association between hypoglycemic episodes in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular outcomes at the time of hospitalization for heart failure (HF) with or without T2DM.Methods: From March 2016 to June 2018, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate hypoglycemia during HF hospitalization from the emergency department (ED), three-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE) and all-cause mortality and followed up through June 2021. HF hospitalization was defined according to the American Hospital Association criteria. Hypoglycemia was defined as a glucose level <3.9 mmol/L at the time of HF hospitalization. We classified the enrolled patients according to hypoglycemia and T2DM into three groups (group 1, those without T2DM; group 2, those diagnosed with T2DM without hypoglycemia; and group 3, those with hypoglycemia and T2DM). We used Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to investigate the association between the three groups and the development of the first occurrence of 3P-MACE and all-cause mortality.Results: During a median of 25 months follow-up, a total of 783 patients admitted due to HF were analyzed. In total, 159 (20.3%) cases of 3P-MACE were identified, and the mortality rate was 20.2% (n = 158). The mean age of the patients was 72.3 ± 13.8 years, and 49.0% were men. Patients with 3P-MACE had a lower body mass index (22.6 [20.4–25.1] vs. 23.8 [21.3–26.7]), higher frequency of previous history of HF (24.5% vs. 15.7%), T2DM (64.2% vs. 47.3%), higher rates of hypoglycemia at the time of HF hospitalization (19.5% vs. 7.7%), as well as lower eGFR level (61.1 [36.0–80.7] mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 69.2 [45.8–89.5] mL/min/1.73 m2) than those without 3P-MACE. The multivariable adjusted HR of 3P-MACE was group 3 HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.04–5.06; group 2, HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 0.86–2.33; and all-cause mortality group 3; HR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.26–5.31, group 2; HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 0.81–2.16; compared to group 1.Conclusions: T2DM and hypoglycemia are independent risk factors for 3P-MACE and all-cause mortality compared to those without hypoglycemia during HF hospitalization.
In-vitro analysis of a broad-spectrum polyspectrum formulation for treatment of neonatal eye infections
Authors: Thakur Nitika , Shukla Sudheesh K , patyal Mrinalini 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Infections of the neonate (newborn) acquired during prenatal development during the first four weeks of life are known as neonatal infections (neonatal period). Neonatal infections can be transmitted from mother to child, contracted during labor in the birth canal, or contracted after birth. Some newborn infections appear shortly after delivery, whereas others may appear later in life. Result: The current study focuses on a composite polyherbal eyedrop (16 different traditional medicinal and herbal extracts) that can be used to treat both bacterial and fungal newborn eye infections, as doctors currently administer two different types of eyedrops (one antibacterial and one antifungal) after a suitable time period. In-vitro testing revealed a BROADSPECTRUM SINGLE COMPOSITION of polyherbal extracts, antimicrobial compound tobramycin (0.2-0.4 percent, optimally 0.3 percent), and antifungal compound Natamycin (4 percent -6 percent, optimally 5 percent) for the treatment of both bacterial and fungal neo-natal eye infections. Due to the modest amounts of the active substances, the composition is devoid of side effects. Conclusion: Due to the presence of polyherbal extracts, it provides a variety of eye-related benefits in addition to merely healing the infection. Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogens, and Escherichia coli) and fungus (Candida albicans) are both susceptible to the formulation. Only a single drop (about 6µl) administered 2-3 times is efficient in treating eye infections and causes no irritation, redness, or eye damage. In Vivo trails are being recommended further to give this study a thrust area in pharmaceutics sector.
The optimal angel of screws for using cement-screw technique to repair tibial defect in total knee arthroplasty: A finite element analysis
Authors: Zhao Guanghui , Yao Shuxin , Ma Jianbing , Wang Jianpeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The cement-screw technique is always used to repair tibial plateau defects in primary or revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, it is unknown which screw angle is better. This study aimed to perform a finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the optimal screw angle for the repairment of tibial plateau defects in TKA.Methods: Seven FEA models were set and two common different defects (defect 1: area<12%, depth <12 mm; defect 2: area>12%, depth >12 mm) were simulated. One screw was used in defect 1, one or two screws were used in defect 2. Screws were parallel to the proximal cortical bone (oblique screw) or perpendicular to the upper surface (vertical screw) of tibia. Contact stresses on cancellous bone in different areas were determined. Besides, maximum principal stress of cancellous bone around each screw were also compared.Results: The FEA models showed that stresses on the surface of cancellous bone in tibial defect (0.13-0.39 MPa) and stress focus spot (0.45 MPa) around the screw were lower when one vertical screw was used in defect 1. Meanwhile, stresses on the surface of cancellous bone in tibial defect (0.09-0.44 MPa), stresses in medial tibial plateau (0.14-0.21 MPa) and stress focus spot (0.42 MPa and 1.37 MPa) around the screws were lowest when two vertical screws were used in defect 2, followed by two screws consisting of one vertical and one oblique (0.16-0.48 MPa; 0.15-0.21 MPa; 1.63 MPa and 1.11 MPa). No other statistically significant difference was found.Conclusions: Either for one screw or two screws, screw perpendicular to the upper surface can achieve better stability than paralleling to the proximal cortical bone of tibia. If two vertical screws cannot be performed, one vertical screw and one oblique screw are also acceptable.
A new surgical technique for giant type AB thymoma combined with an aberrant right subclavian artery: A case report
Authors: Iijima Yoshihito , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Yamagata Aika , Motono Nozomu , Tsuji Hiroyuki , Uramoto Hidetaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Abnormal tumor vascularization and escalating tumor size represent two major impediments that make cancer surgery impossible or complicated. Case presentation: Here, we report the case of a giant thymoma (type AB) in a 58-year-old woman who presented with cough and yellow sputum. The thymoma grew extensively from the neck to the upper mediastinum. The patient exhibited an aberrant right subclavian artery and a non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve. Intraoperative nerve monitoring facilitated the identification and preservation of vital nerves spanning the neck and chest, including the non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve. Furthermore, the tumor was divided naturally along the constriction, and a good field of view was acquired to identify abnormal right subclavian arteries and nerves that ran deep in the tumor and the surgical field. The tumor was safely removed without complications using intraoperative nerve monitoring.The thymoma that grew extensively from the neck to the upper mediastinum and was associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery was resected. Conclusion: Intraoperative nerve monitoring was helpful in identifying the non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve and left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Clinical evaluation of miniprobe endoscopic ultrasonography in the T stage of early gastric cancer
Authors: Zheng Xiuli , Wu Mingli , Liu Yao , Er Limian , Wang Hongcai , Liu Zhihuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for early gastric cancer (EGC) based on pathological results and to analyze the factors that may affect EUS misdiagnosis, especially underestimation.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 1075 cases of EGC which underwent EUS before ESD or surgery at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 2015 to April 2021. We collected data on sex, age, tumor location, macroscopic type, tumor size, ulceration, histopathological type (differentiated or undifferentiated), depth of pathological diagnosis, and treatment for each case.
Results
The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of EUS were 79.3%, 88.0% and 42.1%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 86.6% and 45.5%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, a tumor diameter ≥ 15 mm and the presence of ulceration were found to be independent risk factors for misdiagnosis. In the multivariate analysis of EGC with pT1b, the location of the tumor in the cardia, the lesion less than 15mm, and the absence of ulcers were independent risk factors that were underestimated. In the multivariate analysis of EGC with pT1a, lesion ≥ 15 mm and the presence of ulceration were independent risk factors that were overestimated.
Conclusion
This study confirmed that microprobe ultrasonic gastroscopy has high accuracy in judging the depth of EGC infiltration and is suitable for application. However, attention should be paid to factors affecting its specificity, especially in EGC located in the cardia, less than 15mm and without ulceration.
Peripheral blood cellular dynamics of Rheumatoid arthritis treatment informs about efficacy of response to disease modifying drugs
Authors: Jelinsky Scott A. , Hedman Åsa K. , Winter Eitan , Yoosuf Niyaz , Benita Yair , Berg Louise , Brynedal Boel , Folkersen Lasse , Klareskog Lars , Maciejewski Mateusz , Sirota-Madi Alexandra , Spector Yael , Ziemek Daniel , Padyukov Leonid , Shen-Orr Shai S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation and is mediated by multiple immune cell types. In this work we aimed to determine the relevance of changes in cell proportions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during development of disease and during treatment. MethodsSamples from healthy blood donors, newly diagnosed RA patients, and established RA patients that had an inadequate response to MTX and were about to start tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) treatment were collected before and after 3 months treatment. We used in parallel a computational deconvolution approach based on RNA expression and flow cytometry to determine the relative cell-type frequencies.ResultsWe showed that monocytes (both classical and non-classical) and CD4+ cells (Th1 and Th2) were increased in RA patients compared to controls, while NK cells and B cells (naïve and mature) were significantly decreased in RA patients. Treatment with MTX caused a decrease in B cells (memory and plasma cell), and a decrease in CD4 Th cells (Th1 and Th17), while treatment with TNFi resulted in a significant increase in the population of B cells. Conclusion Characterization of the RNA expression patterns and found that most of differentially expressed genes in RA subjects after treatment can be explained by changes in cell frequencies (98% and 74% respectively for MTX and TNFi).
Monocyte driven system-level inflammatory and immunometabolic dysregulation during prolonged successful HIV-1 treatment
Authors: Akusjärvi Sara Svensson , Krishnan Shuba , Ambikan Anoop , Mikaeloff Flora , Ponnan Sivasankaran , Vesterbacka Jan , Lourda Magda , Nowak Piotr , Sönnerborg Anders , Neogi Ujjwal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
People living with HIV-1 on ART (PLWHART) display convoluted metabolism and immune cell functions during prolonged suppressive therapy and are not well evaluated. Using the multi-omics methodologies, we detected increased levels of glutamate, lactate, and pyruvate by plasma metabolomics and increased inflammatory markers (e.g., CCL20 and CCL7) in PLWHART compared to HIV-negative controls (HC) by multiplex protein array. The metabolite transporter detection by flow cytometry in T-cells and monocytes indicated an increased expression of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) in PLWHART. Single cell-type metabolite measurement identified decreased glucose, glutamate, and lactate in monocytic cell populations in PLWHART. Deep-immunophenotyping of myeloid cell lineages subpopulations showed no difference in cell frequency but expression levels of CCR5 were increased on classical monocytes and some dendritic cells. Our data thus suggest that the myeloid cell populations potentially constitute a significant contributor to the modulated metabolic environment during suppressive HIV-1 infection.
Metagenomics for Potential Emerging Infectious Pathogens Identification in Blood Donors with a Molecular Epidemiology Investigation of Human Parvovirus B19: A Multi-center Study in China
Authors: ZHAO Mengyi , LI Yuhui , LI Shilin , LI Yujia , GAO Zhan , YUE Lan , HUANG Mei , WAN Jianhua , HE Weilan , MAO Wei , CAI Jie , ZHOU Jingyu , YIN Yijing , GUO Yanli , ZHONG Qiulei , HUANG Yang , CHEN Limin , HUA Shan , HE Miao , FAN Zhengxin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:
Emerging infectious pathogens in blood donors may be transmitted through blood components or plasma derivatives transfusion. Currently, Chinese blood centers only routinely screen HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis for donors, which would lead to some emerging infectious pathogens transmitted via transfusion.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) with bioinformatics analysis was employed in this study to investigate the microbial components with revealing theemerging infectious pathogens in blood donations from Chinese multi blood centers to enhance the blood safety.
Results:
A total 562 GB clean data was obtained in donation samples from 7 Chinese regions. The principal pathogens identified were Serratia sp. (5.0176%), Pseudomonas sp. (0.6637%), and Burkholderia sp. (0.5544%). Several transfusion transmitted pathogens including human parvovirus B19, Leishmania sp., Toxoplasma gondii, etc. were identified as potential threats for Chinese blood safety. Subsequently, 9 (0.08%) specimens were found positive for B19V DNA with quantitative DNA levels ranged from 5.58% × 102 to 7.24 × 104 IU/ml. Phylogenic analyses showed B19-1A subtype as the prevalent genotypes.
Conclusions:
Emerging infectious pathogens including human parvovirus B19, Leishmania sp., Toxoplasma gondii, etc., may pose transfusion risks in China. Therefore we strongly advise that mNGS surveillance should be wildly and continually implemented in blood centers. In addition, blood safety measures in China should take B19V risk into consideration in some endemic regions in China.
Neurobiological predispositions for musicality: White matter in infancy predicts school-age music aptitude
Authors: Zuk Jennifer , Vanderauwera Jolijn , Turesky Ted , Yu Xi , Gaab Nadine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Musical training has long been viewed as a model for experience-dependent brain plasticity. Reports of musical training-induced brain plasticity are largely based on cross-sectional studies comparing musicians to non-musicians, which cannot address whether training itself is sufficient to induce these neurobiological changes or whether pre-existing neuroarchitecture before training predisposes children to succeed in music. Here, in a longitudinal investigation of children from infancy to school age, we find brain structure in infancy that is prospectively associated with subsequent music aptitude skills at school age. Among inter-hemispheric white matter pathways traditionally linked with musical training, we find that structural organization of these pathways in infancy is associated with later music aptitude in early childhood. Our findings suggest predispositions prior to the onset of musical training from as early as infancy may serve as a scaffold upon which ongoing musical experience can build.
Effect of diabetes mellitus control on diabetes burden in elderly Egyptians patients
Authors: Abdel-Hamed Eslam , Helaly Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Older adults with diabetes have a higher risk for hypoglycemia due to altered adaptive physiologic responses to low glucose levels. Patients also have comorbidities, such as cognitive and functional loss, that interfere with prompt identification and/or appropriate treatment of hypoglycemia.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diabetic state control on diabetes burden in elderly.Methods: Our study was a case control pilot study conducted on 100 old patients (> 65 years) with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. All patients recruited from Mansoura Specialized Medical Hospital in the period from April 2019 to February 2020. Medical consents were taken from all patients.Patients were divided into 2 groups: those with HBA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin A1c) > 8.5% were the cases group whereas control subjects were those having HBA1c ˂ 8.5%.Calculation of Burden state is based on Elderly diabetes Burden scale (EDBS); Which is 23-item consisting of 6 subscales including symptom burden, social burden, burden of dietary restrictions, burden of worry about diabetes, burden of treatment dissatisfaction, and burden of treatment. Total score of the scale ranges between 19 and 92.Results: our Study showed no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding serum creatinine, and albumin/creatinine ratio, polyuria, paresthesia, visual disturbance, oedema, chest pain and dyspnea, treatment dissatisfaction, while there was statistically significant difference between two groups regarding fasting Glucose, symptom burden, social burden, dietary restrictions, worry about diabetes, burden by tablets or insulin and total score EDBS being higher in cases than control subjects.Conclusion: EDBS may be a simple and rapid questionnaire to assess effect of diabetes control on quality of life in elderly patients.
Soil effects on plant distributions and potential migration in Eastern North America
Authors: Ni Ming , Vellend Mark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Many plant species are predicted to migrate poleward in response to climate change. Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to quantify future suitable habitats and potential migration distances, but SDM studies typically neglect soil properties, despite their importance for plant fitness. In this study, we built three SDMs – one with only climate predictors, one with only soil predictors, and one with both climate and soil predictors – for each of 1870 plant species in Eastern North America (ENA), in order to investigate the relative importance of soil properties in determining plant distributions and potential migration under climate change. While climate variables were the most important predictors (mean relative importance = 0.573), soil properties also had a substantial influence on continental-scale plant distributions (mean relative importance = 0.369). Given spatial correlations between climate and soil variables, considerable variation in distributions cannot be uniquely attributed to one or the other. Under future climate scenarios, models including soil predicted much smaller northward shifts in distributions than climate-only models, strongly suggesting that high-latitude soils are likely to impede ongoing plant migration. Our findings highlight the necessity of incorporating soil properties into models and predictions for plant distributions and migration under environmental change.
Inklusionsbezogene Lehrer*innenbildung im Tandemformat – Eine Studie zu Effekten auf inklusionsbezogene Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen
Authors: Görich Katja , Kassis Wassilis , Kunze Ingrid , Hollen Magdalena , Ossowski Ekkehard 
Published: April 2022

In der vorliegenden Evaluationsstudie wurde die Wirkung der Lehre des universitären Lehrprojektes ‚Expertise und Kooperation für eine Basisqualifikation Inklusion‘ (EKBI) auf inklusionsbezogene Einstellungen, Haltungen und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen untersucht. Diese Lehre schloss jeweils Lehrtandems aus mindestens zwei Dozierenden sowie interdisziplinäre Kooperationen ein. Die Teilnehmenden der Kurse (Experimentalgruppe, n = 101) sowie Studierende, die nicht daran teilgenommen hatten (Kontrollgruppe, n = 54), wurden vor und nach dem Semester, in dem die Lehre stattfand, mittels Fragebogen untersucht. Bei der Entwicklung allgemeinerer Einstellungen, Haltungen und Bedenken konnte kein signifikanter Effekt der Zeit in Abhängigkeit von der Gruppe verzeichnet werden. Es zeigte sich aber, dass sowohl die spezifischen unterrichtsbezogenen Einstellungen als auch die subjektiv eingeschätzte Lehrer*innenwirksamkeit in Bezug auf Inklusion in der Experimentalgruppe stärker anstiegen als in der Kontrollgruppe. Es ist zu schlussfolgern, dass die Tandemlehre mindestens kurzfristig wirksam in Bezug auf eine proinklusive Entwicklung ist. Zukünftige Studien könnten die Nachhaltigkeit der Effekte sowie ihren Praxistransfer untersuchen.Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of courses at university with regard to develop positive attitudes, sentiments and self-efficacy in inclusive education. Courses comprised tandems of at least two lecturers and interdisciplinary cooperation. They were incorporated in the project ‘Expertise and Cooperation for a Basic Qualification in Inclusion’ (EKBI). Students who attended the tandem-courses (experimental group, n = 101) and students who did not (control group, n = 54) completed a questionnaire before and after the semester in which tandem-courses took place. Development of general sentiments, attitudes and concerns about inclusive education was independent of the group. But specific attitudes related to inclusive teaching as well as subjective ratings of personal teacher efficacy for inclusive practice increased stronger in the experimental group compared to the control group. Consequently, tandem-courses led to short-term effects in fostering open-mindedness for inclusion. Future studies could examine the sustainability of the present effects and their transfer into practical contexts.