bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metaphor in Conflict Transformation: Using Arts to Shift Perspectives and Build Empathy
Authors: Ware Vicki-Ann 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper reports findings from an arts-based intra-communal peacebuilding programme in North-Central Rakhine State (Myanmar), 2016–2018, on the role metaphors—embedded in arts processes and artefacts—played in facilitating reported shifts in conflict-related attitudes and behaviours. An established body of literature shows the central importance of metaphor to human cognition, particularly where it underpins emotional responses (especially empathy formation) to otherwise sensitive issues. Few studies have extended this to verbal dialogue in conflict settings. No studies have explored arts-based metaphor’s potential for enabling conflict-affected communities to explore peacebuilding. Findings suggest metaphor were instrumental in enabling sustainable, significant shifts in conflict repertories (Bar-Tal) by allowing participants to analyse conflict narratives, imagine alternatives, rehearse intended peace repertoires and codify new ideas for easy recall post-workshop. While shifts in repertoire and resulting behaviours were small, they were significant in motivating these Rakhine villagers to reinitiate cautious contact with Rohingya neighbours.Cet article présente les résultats d'un programme intracommunautaire de consolidation de la paix fondé sur l’art dans l'État du centre-nord de Rakhine (Myanmar) entre 2016 et 2018, et présente notamment le rôle que les métaphores - intégrées dans les processus et artefacts artistiques – ont joué pour faciliter des changements remarqués dans les attitudes et les comportements liés au conflit. Un corpus établi de littérature montre l'importance centrale de la métaphore pour le cerveau humain, en particulier là où elle sous-tend les réponses émotionnelles (en particulier la formation de l'empathie) à des problèmes par ailleurs sensibles. Peu d'études ont étendu cela au dialogue verbal dans les situations de conflit. Aucune étude ne s’est penchée sur le potentiel de la métaphore artistique pour permettre aux communautés touchées par les conflits d'explorer les processus de consolidation de la paix. Les résultats suggèrent que l’utilisation de métaphores a contribué à rendre possible des changements durables et significatifs dans les répertoires de conflit (Bar-Tal) en permettant aux participant·e·s d'analyser la façon dont on parle des conflits, d'imaginer des alternatives, de s’entraîner à utiliser un répertoire dédié lié à la paix et de mettre en place de nouvelles idées pour s’en souvenir facilement après l'atelier. Bien que les changements aient été légers au niveau des répertoires utilisés et des comportements qui en résultent, ils ont été importants pour inciter ces villageois·es de Rakhine à reprendre un contact prudent avec leurs voisin·e·s Rohingyas.
Copper speciation and mobility in glyphosate co-contaminated soils: a microcosm and X-ray absorption spectroscopy study
Authors: Siriwong Wapakorn , Amonpattaratkit Penphitcha , Nilubol Tikamporn 
Published: July 2022

Context The effect of glyphosate–copper complex on copper mobility had been studied in aqueous conditions. The effect on copper distribution through the soil profile is little understood and controversial. Aims This study aims to investigate the effect of glyphosate on copper mobility and distribution through the soil profile and to identify the specific copper binding change at the molecular level. Methods The experiments were performed in microcosm soil spiked with copper and glyphosate. Sequential extraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques were applied for copper speciation. Key results The organic bound fraction was the highest fraction (50%) in the top soil layer, while Cu(CH3COO)2 (43%) and Cu(NO3)2 (49%) were the highest fraction in linear combination fit (LCF) analysis. In the presence of glyphosate, the readily mobile fraction of copper (water soluble and exchangeable fractions) increased, while the mobilised fractions decreased within 1 day of glyphosate application. The LCF analysis revealed that CuSO4 and Cu3(PO4)2 increased in the presence of glyphosate. The effects of glyphosate were no longer detected by 14 days after application. During the 40 days of the experiment, the released copper did not leach beyond 4 cm deep in soil. Conclusions The existence of glyphosate in soil induced the release of copper into the readily mobilised fraction within 1 day of glyphosate contamination. The effect was found within 4 cm depth and declined in correspondence with the degradation half-life of glyphosate. Implications The finding is important in evaluating the risk of metal diffusion and nutrient leaching from co-contaminated soil through the soil profile over time and at a molecular scale.
Insights and inferences on koala conservation from records of koalas arriving to care in South East Queensland
Authors: Kerlin Douglas H. , Grogan Laura F. , McCallum Hamish I. 
Published: July 2022

Context Records collected when sick, injured or dead animals arrive at wildlife care facilities have potential to offer insights into population declines and identify key threatening processes for conservation and management intervention. Aims Records compiled from a centralised Queensland Government database of koala (Phascolarctus cinereus) arrivals to care facilities across South East Queensland were analysed to explore long- and short-term trends in arrivals in terms of seasonality, causes, outcomes and spatial distribution, with a particular focus on insights hospital records could provide into the potential role of disease in koala population declines. Methods Analysis was conducted on over 22 years of records of koalas arriving at care facilities collated by the Queensland Government. We summarised causes of hospital arrivals and outcomes. We utilised time-series methods to explore short-term cyclic dynamics in the data, and spatial tools to document changes in the distribution of koala arrivals. Key results In the long term, koala hospital arrivals increased modestly from 1997 to 2014, before falling into decline by 2018. Long-term changes are dwarfed by short-term fluctuations, including clear annual cyclic dynamics associated with car strike and dog attack, which peak from August to October each year, likely coinciding with the onset of the koala breeding season. Seasonality is also detected in disease-associated arrivals. Known severe declines in wild koala populations in South East Queensland, an area of intensive urbanisation and associated loss of koala habitat, are not reflected in the overall koala hospital arrival numbers. Our analysis suggests that severe local declines in wild koala abundance have been obscured by increases in the catchment areas from which koalas are entering the hospital network. Conclusions Koala hospital records provide an extensive dataset that can be mined for insights into koala population dynamics and threatening processes. However, interpretation of our findings must consider limitations and biases inherent in data collection. Implications Despite acknowledged shortcomings in terms of bias and data quality, retrospective analysis of records from care facilities can provide important insights for guiding conservation efforts. For example, our findings with respect to seasonality in koala hospital arrivals mirror results reported for other locales, suggesting that cyclic dynamics are not a local phenomenon, but occur more broadly across the species range, with implications for seasonal delivery of conservation actions.
Improved house mouse control in the field with a higher dose zinc phosphide bait
Authors: Ruscoe Wendy A. , Brown Peter R. , Hinds Lyn A. , Henry Steve , Van de Weyer Nikki , Robinson Freya , Oh Kevin , Duncan Richard P. 
Published: July 2022

Context Recent studies have shown that the sensitivity of wild house mice to zinc phosphide (ZnP) in Australia is significantly lower than previously assumed, which may account for the reported variability in efficacy of ZnP baits used for broadacre control of house mice in grain-growing regions. Under laboratory conditions ZnP-coated grains with a new higher dose (50 g ZnP/kg grain) were readily consumed but the efficacy of using grains with this higher dose under natural field conditions has not been tested. Aims To test whether the newly derived ZnP50 (50 g ZnP/kg grain) was more effective under field conditions than the currently registered ZnP25 (25 g ZnP/kg grain) in reducing populations of house mice during a mouse population irruption. Methods We used a before–after-control–impact (BACI) design to assess changes in mouse population size under different baiting treatments in a replicated field trial. We assessed changes in mouse abundance in recently sown paddocks with either ZnP50 (n = 3) or ZnP25 (n = 3) compared with unbaited control sites (n = 3). Key results Baiting with ZnP50 led to a median reduction in mouse numbers of >85%. Our modelling showed that under similar circumstances, using the ZnP50 formulation should deliver >80% reduction in population size most (>90%) of the time. In contrast, the current registered bait (ZnP25) achieved approximately 70% reduction in population size, but with more variable results. We would be confident of getting an 80% reduction in population size only 20% of the time by using the currently registered ZnP25 bait under similar field conditions. Conclusions Consistent with laboratory studies, this study demonstrated the higher probability of achieving a consistently high kill rate under field conditions with the new ZnP50 bait compared with the currently registered formulation (ZnP25). Implications By using the new ZnP50 bait, farmers are far more likely to get good kill rates, thereby reducing the need for repeated baiting (which is costly and generally ineffective at protecting newly sown crops). Using the new bait should result in lower control costs for farmers and fewer toxic grains being spread to control mice.
Enhanced incidental learning
Authors: Borro Ilaria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This chapter will focus on theory and research into enhanced incidental learning (EIL), which is an approach to facilitating learning from input. The chapter will draw comparisons between EIL and input enhancement (IE). Input enhancement (Sharwood-Smith, 1981, 1993) consists of overt increases in the perceptual salience of target items, and is intended to improve noticing. The possibility that input enhancement may only result in improved explicit knowledge will be examined. In contrast, EIL does not entail changes to the input itself, but covert modifications of the conditions under which the input is processed (Long, 2017). There will be discussion of existing empirical results which suggest EIL may give rise to implicit knowledge by means of detection rather than noticing.
A calculus for L1 transfer
Authors: O’Grady William 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The phenomenon of transfer plays a prominent role, either explicitly or implicitly, in most approaches to SLA, including Focus on Form and the Interaction Hypothesis – to name two lines of inquiry that lay at the heart of Mike Long’s scholarship. The central thesis of this chapter is that transfer is best seen as a processing-driven strategy: L2 learners transfer operations from their L1 to the L2, unless those operations are more costly in the L2 than in the L1. Much of the chapter is devoted to the application of this idea to phenomena that arise when adult native speakers of English, Japanese, Korean, Spanish and Catalan go about acquiring a second or third language, producing transfer effects that have been difficult to accommodate in traditional approaches to cross-linguistic influence.
A task-based needs analysis framework for TBLT
Authors: Grote Ellen , Oliver Rhonda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the evidenced-based Task Based Needs Analysis (NA) model that Michael Long developed as a tool for Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT). It describes the theoretical underpinnings of the model, its purpose and aims, its function in TBLT, how it contributes to task and syllabus design, and importantly, how the framework foregrounds the ‘real life’ aspects of language learning that is integral the definition of task as proposed by Michael Long.
The rise of colligations
Authors: Hackstein Olav , Sandell Ryan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article examines the lexically parallel English and German constructions can’t stand somebody/something and jemanden/etwas nicht ausstehen können “not tolerate (someone or something)”, from synchronic, diachronic, and quantitative perspectives. Syntactic and semantic restrictions suggest that the usage of stand and ausstehen in the relevant sense is older than other semantically similar verbs (e.g. English tolerate, German leiden), while quantitative evidence from corpora shows that the can’t stand and nicht ausstehen können constructions are both colligationally stronger than lexical competitors. Evidence from the history of stand indicates that the lexeme stand in the Germanic and other Indo-European languages has a long history of being employed in the relevant sense. The restrictions on usage and the colligational strength of the respective English and German constructions are thus argued to result from the antiquity of the construction and functional competition from other lexemes.
Glass encapsulation of molecular-doped epitaxial graphene for quantum resistance metrology
Authors: Park Jaesung , Lim Kyung-Geun , Chae Dong-Hun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The large Landau energy spacing, stemming from the linear energy-momentum dispersion of quasi-particles in graphene, allows an efficient realization of the quantum Hall effect at a small density of charge carriers. Promising scalable epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide (SiC), however, requires molecular doping, which is generally unstable under ambient conditions, to compensate for electron transfer from the SiC substrate. Here, we employed classical glass encapsulation common in organic electronics to passivate molecular-doped epitaxial graphene against water and oxygen molecules in air. We have investigated the stability of Hall quantization in a glass-encapsulated device for almost 1 year. The Hall quantization is maintained above a threshold magnetic field within 2 nΩ Ω−1 smaller than the measurement uncertainty of 3.5 nΩ Ω−1 through multiple thermal cycles for almost 1 year, while the ordinary unencapsulated device in air distinctly shows a relative deviation larger than 0.05% from the nominal quantized Hall resistance in 1 month.
Structure and related physical properties of Li2O-Sb2O3-B2O3 glasses
Authors: Tozri A , Al-Zaibani M , Shahboub A , El Agammy E F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Glasses of the formula 40Li2O·xSb2O3·(60–x)B2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 40 mol%) were prepared using the melt quenching technique. XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, density and dc conductivity were studied. A phase separation was observed in as-prepared glass samples that contain a concentration of Sb2O3 ≥ 25 mol%. Moreover, crystalline phases of Li5Sb3O8, Li3SbO4 and LiSbO3 were found in the 40Li2O·40Sb2O3·20B2O3 glass sample after thermal treatment at 600 °C for 4 h. N
4 decreased slightly with increasing Sb2O3 content. The contribution to N
4 from Li2O and Sb2O3 was separated. The negative contribution of Sb2O3 to N
4 was due to the association of Sb2O3 and Li2O to form Li5Sb3O8, Li3SbO4 and LiSbO3 phases and acting as a former. The formed Li5Sb3O8, Li3SbO4 phases having low migration energy and rich with Li+ ions exhibited a high mobility. Density and molar volume increased with increasing Sb2O3 content. The abrupt increase in the conductivity by about 4 orders in magnitude for Sb2O3 ≥ 25 mol% is correlated with the presence of clusters rich by Li+ and Sb+3 ions that have low migration energies and the increase in the free volume.
A model-independent test of speed of light variability with cosmological observations
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriel , Bengaly Carlos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA powerful test of fundamental physics consists on probing the variability of fundamental constants in Nature. Although they have been measured on Earth laboratories and in our Solar neighbourhood with extremely high precision, it is crucial to carry out these tests at the distant Universe, as any significant variation of these quantities would immediately hint at new physics. We perform a cosmological measurement of the speed of light using the latest Type Ia Supernova and cosmic chronometer observations at the redshift range 0 < z < 2. Our method relies on the numerical reconstruction of these data in order to circumventa prioriassumptions of the underlying cosmology. We confirm the constancy of the speed of light at such redshift range, reporting two ∼ 5% precision measurements ofc = (3.20 ± 0.16) × 105 km s-1in z ≃ 1.58, andc = (2.67 ± 0.14) × 105 km s-1inz ≃ 1.36, depending on the reconstruction method, at a 1σ confidence level.
Short-exposure Image Reconstruction with The Power Spectrum Extended (PSE) Method
Authors: Cottalorda É. , Aristidi É. , Carbillet M. , Guinard M. , Pyanet M. , Vourc’h S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We analyze, in the framework of high angular resolution imaging, a novel image reconstruction method denoted as PSE (which stands for power spectrum extended). It works in the Fourier space, combining the information from both the average power spectrum of the images and a phase estimation from an ad-hoc shift-and-add process. PSE allows to perform image reconstruction up to the diffraction limit of the telescope from a series of short-exposure frames, with a refined lucky-imaging selection process. The method is well adapted to partially corrected adaptive-optics images, in particular in case of low Strehl corrections, and/or small diameter telescopes. In this paper we analyze the PSE technique by means of Monte-Carlo simulations and compare it with the ISFAS lucky-imaging method. Comparative performances were investigated using three metrics: Strehl ratio for reconstructed point-like sources, intensity ratio for binary stars, and least-square distance between images for a simulated artificial satellite. We found that PSE provides an improvement of a factor ∼2 over ISFAS on the Strehl ratio in the case of faint point sources. It seems also to give better images reconstruction on some kinds of extended objects (planets or binary stars with small magnitude difference). PSE has also the advantage to be very fast and well adapted to real-time image reconstruction.
Wavelength-dependent Image Quality Predictions and Other Considerations for Site Selection and Instrument Design
Authors: Persson S. E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Stellar image motion measured differentially with small telescopes can be converted to image quality predictions for large telescopes at the same site. To demonstrate this methodology, multi-wavelength seeing distributions are predicted for Las Campanas Observatory based on the Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) results from the Giant Magellan Telescope site survey. The observed seeing distribution at 0.5 μm is used to compute a family of predicted seeing distributions from 0.32 to 4.7 μm. Tokovinin’s formula is used to transform the DIMM seeing distributions (based on Kolmogorov theory) to the large telescope image sizes expected in the von Karman theory. The latter framework includes an outer scale, or largest size, for the turbulent eddies above a telescope. The impact of seeing distributions on site selection and on telescope and instrument design are discussed. Other considerations in selecting an excellent site are also listed and explained.
A Practical Guide to the Partition Function of Atoms and Ions
Authors: Alimohamadi P. , Ferland G. J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The partition function, U, the number of available states in an atom or molecules, is crucial for understanding the physical state of any astrophysical system in thermodynamic equilibrium. There are surprisingly few useful discussions of the partition function’s numerical value. Textbooks often define U; some give tables of representative values, while others do a deep dive into the theory of dense plasma. Most say that it depends on temperature, atomic structure, density, and that it diverges, that is, it goes to infinity, at high temperatures, but few give practical examples. We aim to rectify this. We show that there are two limits, one- and two-electron (or closed-shell) systems like H or He, and species with a complicated electronic structure like C, N, O, and Fe. The high-temperature divergence does not occur for one- and two-electron systems in practical situations because, at high temperatures, species are collisionally ionized to higher-ionization stages and are not abundant. The partition function is then close to the statistical weight of the ground state. There is no such simplification for many-electron species. U is temperature sensitive across the range of temperatures where an ion is abundant but remains finite at even the highest practical temperatures. The actual value depends on highly uncertain truncation theories in high-density plasmas. We show that there are various theories for continuum lowering but that they are not in good agreement. This remains a long-standing unsolved problem.
Polarimetric method of plasma diagnostics
Authors: Oganesyan Koryun B , Dzierżęga Krzysztof , Kopcansky Peter , Gevorgyan Ashot H , Timko Milan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The polarization plane rotation angle of a probe signal in plasma is calculated. The estimates of the residual gas average density and the average magnitude of the magnetic field in a cesium plasma based on the effects of Faraday and Cotton–Mouton in a probe laser field have been found. It is shown that the polarization plane rotation angle depends on resonance detuning of the incident laser wave and transition frequency of medium atoms, magnetic field strength and matrix element.
Artificial intelligence for predictive maintenance
Authors: Kamel H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Maintenance constitutes an important share of modern industrial activities. Reliable operations rely on the adequate application on maintenance. However, in the present competitive environment, maintenance processes must be optimized so that they will be performed only when needed, otherwise resources will be needlessly wasted. This is in contrast to the conventional approach where maintenance is scheduled according to a time plan regardless of it is needed or not. This paper presents the application of artificial intelligence to create a model that can successfully predict the condition of a machine in terms of the probability of failure occurrence. This work uses a synthetic dataset that reflects a realistic scenario where sensors are connected to a machine to monitor its health condition and record failure incidents. The dataset consists of 10,000 records. Each record consists of five numerical measurements: air and process temperatures, machine rotational speed and torque and finally a measurement of machine wear. This in addition to the type of product the machine is producing makes six input variables. The output response was considered as the state of machine failure that was represented as true or false. An artificial neural network was trained and it successfully predicted the state of the machine. The capabilities and limitations of applying artificial intelligence were discussed. In addition, a brief overview of other predictive techniques was given.