bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived discrimination and Latina college students' depressive symptoms: The roles of dyadic coping with sisters and familism values
Authors: Killoren Sarah E. , Roos Joy , Bordere Tashel , Randall Ashley K. , Rivero Rodriguez Avelina , Alfaro Edna C. , Campione‐Barr Nicole , Jones Samantha K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLatinx young adults' experiences of discrimination are associated with high levels of depressive symptoms and examining protective factors that buffer the negative consequences of discrimination is important. In a sample of 195 Latina college students, predominately of Mexican origin, we examined associations between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms, and how sisters' dyadic coping behaviors and familism values moderated this association. We conducted hierarchical regression analyses to test our study hypotheses. We found that Latina college students who were older sisters reported more conflictual and antagonistic sibling relationships, or who perceived higher levels of discrimination also reported the most depressive symptoms, which supports prior research. Importantly, Latina college students who strongly endorsed supportive, obligatory, and referent familism values reported fewer depressive symptoms. Supportive familism values weakened the association between perceived discrimination and Latina college students' depressive symptoms but strengthened associations between sisters' negative dyadic coping behaviors and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, sisters' negative dyadic coping behaviors strengthened the positive association between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms. Our findings highlight the importance of familism values for Latinx young adults' well‐being, as well as the harmful effects of perceived discrimination, particularly in the context of sisters' negative dyadic coping behaviors.
Experiences of White partners in Black–White romantic relationships in the United States: A qualitative study
Authors: Fall Salimata Lala , Wittenberg Brittany M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to provide new information on the lived experiences of White individuals in Black–White interracial relationships, including the impact of the social climate on these relationships.BackgroundWhile attitudes toward Black–White relationships have improved more than in previous decades, they still occur less frequently, are the least accepted, and are regarded more negatively when compared with all other interracial pairings. This warrants more research on the issues concerning interracial couples.MethodParticipants (n = 7) included five women and two men who self‐identified as White that were in, or formerly in, a Black–White romantic relationship of at least three months. Participants completed a semi‐structured interview with the researcher. Qualitative content analysis was used due to the exploratory nature of the research questions.ResultsParticipants reported external stressors (i.e., discriminatory, or racist encounters in public) and lack of familial acceptance of their relationship throughout their relationship. In addition, the social and political climate seemed to impact discussions about race within the couple.ConclusionIndividuals in Black–White romantic relationships experience challenges within their private and public lives due to race.ImplicationsThis research study demonstrates a way in which researchers should aim to look at individuals, couples, and families as different units of analysis situated in a particular socio‐cultural context. Future studies can also explore the ways in which White partners can support their Black partner.
Low soil moisture suppresses the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration
Authors: Li Jin‐Tao , Zhang Yan , Chen Hongyang , Sun Huiming , Tian Weitao , Li Jinquan , Liu Xiang , Zhou Shurong , Fang Changming , Li Bo , Nie Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration contributes to a decrease in warming‐induced enhancement of soil respiration over time, which could weaken the positive feedback between the carbon cycle and climate warming. Climate warming is also predicted to cause a worldwide decrease in soil moisture, which has an effect on the microbial metabolism of soil carbon. However, whether and how changes in moisture affect the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration are unexplored. Here, using soils from an 8‐year warming experiment in an alpine grassland, we assayed the thermal response of microbial respiration rates at different soil moisture levels. The results showed that relatively low soil moisture suppressed the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration, leading to an enhanced response to warming. A subsequent moisture incubation experiment involving off‐plot soils also showed that the response of microbial respiration to 100 d warming shifted from a slight compensatory response to an enhanced response with decreasing incubation moisture. Further analysis revealed that such respiration regulation by moisture was associated with shifts in enzymatic activities and carbon use efficiency. Our findings suggest that future drought induced by climate warming might weaken the thermal compensatory capacity of microbial respiration, with important consequences for carbon–climate feedback.
Indirect nitrous oxide emission factors of fluvial networks can be predicted by dissolved organic carbon and nitrate from local to global scales
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Wang Gongqin , Zhang Sibo , Xin Yuan , Jiang Chenrun , Liu Shaoda , He Xiaojia , McDowell William H. , Xia Xinghui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStreams and rivers are important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), a powerful greenhouse gas. Estimating global riverine N2O emissions is critical for the assessment of anthropogenic N2O emission inventories. The indirect N2O emission factor (EF5r) model, one of the bottom‐up approaches, adopts a fixed EF5r value to estimate riverine N2O emissions based on IPCC methodology. However, the estimates have considerable uncertainty due to the large spatiotemporal variations in EF5r values. Factors regulating EF5r are poorly understood at the global scale. Here, we combine 4‐year in situ observations across rivers of different land use types in China, with a global meta‐analysis over six continents, to explore the spatiotemporal variations and controls on EF5r values. Our results show that the EF5r values in China and other regions with high N loads are lower than those for regions with lower N loads. Although the global mean EF5r value is comparable to the IPCC default value, the global EF5r values are highly skewed with large variations, indicating that adopting region‐specific EF5r values rather than revising the fixed default value is more appropriate for the estimation of regional and global riverine N2O emissions. The ratio of dissolved organic carbon to nitrate (DOC/NO3−) and NO3− concentration are identified as the dominant predictors of region‐specific EF5r values at both regional and global scales because stoichiometry and nutrients strictly regulate denitrification and N2O production efficiency in rivers. A multiple linear regression model using DOC/NO3− and NO3− is proposed to predict region‐specific EF5r values. The good fit of the model associated with easily obtained water quality variables allows its widespread application. This study fills a key knowledge gap in predicting region‐specific EF5r values at the global scale and provides a pathway to estimate global riverine N2O emissions more accurately based on IPCC methodology.
5300‐Year‐old soil carbon is less primed than young soil organic matter
Authors: Su Jiao , Zhang Haiyang , Han Xingguo , Lv Ruofei , Liu Li , Jiang Yong , Li Hui , Kuzyakov Yakov , Wei Cunzheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSoils harbor more than three times as much carbon (C) as the atmosphere, a large fraction of which (stable organic matter) serves as the most important global C reservoir due to its long residence time. Litter and root inputs bring fresh organic matter (FOM) into the soil and accelerate the turnover of stable C pools, and this phenomenon is termed the “priming effect” (PE). Compared with knowledge about labile soil C pools, very little is known about the vulnerability of stable C to priming. Using two soils that substantially differed in age (500 and 5300 years before present) and in the degree of chemical recalcitrance and physical protection of soil organic matter (SOM), we showed that leaf litter amendment primed 264% more organic C from the young SOM than from the old soil with very stable C. Hierarchical partitioning analysis confirmed that SOM stability, reflected mainly by available C and aggregate protection of SOM, is the most important predictor of leaf litter‐induced PE. The addition of complex FOM (i.e., leaf litter) caused a higher bacterial oligotroph/copiotroph (K‐/r‐strategists) ratio, leading to a PE that was 583% and 126% greater than when simple FOM (i.e., glucose) was added to the young and old soils, respectively. This implies that the PE intensity depends on the chemical similarity between the primer (here FOM) and SOM. Nitrogen (N) mining existed when N and simple FOM were added (i.e., Glucose+N), and N addition raised the leaf litter‐induced PE in the old soil that had low N availability, which was well explained by the microbial stoichiometry. In conclusion, the PE induced by FOM inputs strongly decreases with increasing SOM stability. However, the contribution of stable SOM to CO2 efflux cannot be disregarded due to its huge pool size.
Factors associated with late presentation for HIV care in adolescents in Spain
Authors: Epalza Cristina , Domínguez‐Rodríguez Sara , Cervantes Eloisa , Jiménez de Ory Santiago , Frick Marie Antoinette , Fortuny Clàudia , Soler‐Palacín Pere , Prieto‐Tato Luis , Sainz Talía , Carreras‐Abad Clara , Montero Alonso Marta , de Zárraga Fernández Miguel Alberto , Ocampo Antonio , Rojo Pablo , Navarro Maria Luisa ,   the Cohort of the Spanish HIV/AIDS Pediatric (CoRISpe)# and Adult (CoRIS) Networks
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveLate presenters (LP) for HIV care are associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. Our aim was to describe the characteristics associated with LP among adolescents in Spain. Identification of particular features may help in the design of strategies for improvement.MethodsLate‐presenting adolescents diagnosed at 12–19 years of age and enrolled in the Spanish paediatric and adult HIV/AIDS cohorts (CoRIS‐CoRISpe) from 2004 to 2019 were selected. LP were defined as those presenting with CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS‐defining event in the 6 months following HIV diagnosis. Confirmed low CD4 count in the next 3 months and before antiretroviral treatment initiation defined confirmed LP (cLP).ResultsOf 410 adolescents newly diagnosed with HIV, 303 (73.9%) had available data for assessing late presentation. Of these, 34.7% were LP and 23.7% were cLP. The median CD4 count for cLP was 235 cells/mm3 (interquartile range 122–285). In a multivariable analysis, adolescents at the highest risk of late presentation were early adolescents (age 12–14 years; odds ratio [OR] 6.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.61–18.2), middle adolescents (age 15–17 years; OR 1.85; 95% CI 0.92–3.59), and adolescents born abroad (OR 1.71; 95% CI 0.97–3.00), particularly those of African origin (OR 3.08; 95% CI 1.38–6.79).ConclusionsOne‐quarter of adolescents presented late for HIV care in Spain. Early adolescents, middle adolescents, and those born abroad presented a sevenfold, twofold, and twofold higher risk of being cLP, respectively. Enhancing the awareness of HIV risk and the access to care, especially for younger and foreign adolescents, could help reduce late presentation and tackle the adolescent HIV epidemic.
MONETARY POLICY AND INEQUALITY: HOW DOES ONE AFFECT THE OTHER?
Authors: Ma Eunseong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article studies a labor‐supply‐side channel affecting the relationship between monetary policy and income inequality. To this end, I build a heterogeneous‐agent New Keynesian economy with indivisible labor in which both macro and micro labor supply elasticities are endogenously generated. First, I find that monetary policy shocks have distributional consequences due to a substantial heterogeneity in labor supply elasticity across households. Second, a more equal economy is associated with more effective monetary policy in terms of output. I document supporting empirical evidence for the key mechanism of the model using microlevel data and state‐level data in the United States.
Mental health triage tools: A narrative review
Authors: Watson Tayler , Tindall Rachel , Patrick Amelia , Moylan Steven 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMental Health Triage (MHT) tools may be defined as any clinician administered scale that specifies psychiatric signs or symptoms, proposes a corresponding service response, and determines priority categories based on the level of perceived acuity. Multiple MHT tools are used across different jurisdictions and care settings. This article summarizes the literature on MHT tools, describes the available tools and the supportive evidence, evaluates the impact and clinical applications, and compares their strengths and weaknesses. This review utilized a systematic review process to identify articles examining MHT tools. Several benefits of using MHT tools are described; however, in general, the supportive evidence for their use is lacking. A modified Australasian Triage Scale has the strongest evidence base for use in emergency settings; however, further data are needed to establish improved outcomes. There is limited evidence for the use of MHT tools in ambulatory or primary care settings. No evidence was found supporting any one tool as effective in guiding service responses across the entire clinical spectrum. Future research could focus on developing and evaluating MHT tools that service all levels of illness presentation. Additionally, more robust studies are required to support the use of MHT tools in emergency settings. Finally, there is an impetus for the development and evaluation of MHT tools in ambulatory, community, and primary care settings.
Heuristic feeder‐bus operation strategy considering weather information: a chance‐constrained model
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Xu Hongli , Yu Xinlian , Zhou Jing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present a heuristic strategy that makes use of weather information to improve feeder‐bus operation. First, the Bayes' rule is adopted to establish the relationship between the weather information and the expected passenger arrival rates. We then develop an optimization model that decides the headway and the vehicle capacity to minimize the weighted sum of passengers' waiting time cost and the feeder bus operating cost. In light of the randomness in passenger demand, a novel chance constraint is introduced to control the overloading risk, thereby guaranteeing a high level of service (LOS). The chance‐constrained model is solved efficiently via approximation and equivalence transformation. Based on the model, we propose a feeder‐bus operation strategy that heuristically adjusts the headway and capacity according to the weather forecast. It is proved that the heuristic strategy outperforms the traditional fixed strategy, and that the advantage originates from the economies of scale in transit service. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the merits of the proposed heuristic strategy. As observed, compared to the fixed strategy, the proposed heuristic strategy can simultaneously reduce the waiting time cost and the operating cost, thereby achieving a win–win situation. The numerical results also suggest that weather variability and forecast accuracy are two important factors impacting the performance of the heuristic strategy.
Effectiveness and safety of a time to isolation strategy of cryoballoon ablation of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tsiachris Dimitris , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Antoniou Christos‐Konstantinos , Pagkalidou Eirini , Zafeiropoulos Stefanos , Kordalis Athanasios , Gatzoulis Konstantinos A. , Chierchia Gian‐Battista , de Asmundis Carlo , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Stefanadis Christodoulos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized and observational studies with a control group to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a time to isolation (TTI)‐based strategy of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsThree electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase) without language restrictions were searched. The intervention assessed was a TTI‐based strategy of CBA in the treatment of AF. TTI was defined as the time from the start of freezing to the last recorded pulmonary veins' potential. The comparison of interest was intended conventional protocol of CBA. The primary endpoint was freedom from atrial arrhythmia.ResultsNine studies were deemed eligible (N = 2289 patients). Eight studies reported freedom from atrial arrhythmia and pooled results showed a marginally similar success rate between the two protocols (odds ratio [OR]: 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.56). A prespecified subgroup analysis verified that a high dose TTI strategy (with >120 s duration of cryotherapy post‐TTI) compared to the conventional protocol could significantly increase the patients without atrial arrhythmia during follow‐up (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05–1.83). TTI strategy could also significantly decrease total procedure time (SMD: −26.24 min; 95% CI: −36.90 to −15.57) and phrenic nerve palsy incidence (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29–0.84).ConclusionModerate confidence evidence suggests that an individualized CBA dosing strategy based on TTI and extended (>2 min post‐TTI) duration of CBA is accompanied by fewer recurrences post‐AF ablation.
The effect of migration and variation on populations of Escherichia coli adapting to complex fluctuating environments
Authors: Selveshwari S. , Khaire Kaustubh Chandrakant , Kadam Aditee , Dey Sutirth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMigration, a critical evolutionary force, can have contrasting effects on adaptation. It can aid as well as impede adaptation. The effects of migration on microbial adaptation have been studied primarily in simple constant environments. Very little is known about the effects of migration on adaptation to complex, fluctuating environments. In our study, we subjected replicate populations of Escherichia coli, adapting to complex and unpredictably fluctuating environments to different proportions of clonal ancestral immigrants. Contrary to the results from simple/constant environments, the presence of clonal immigrants reduced all measured proxies of fitness. However, migration from a source population with a greater variance in fitness resulted in no change in fitness with respect to the no‐migration control, except at the highest level of migration. Thus, the presence of variation in the immigrants could counter the adverse effects of migration in complex and unpredictably fluctuating environments. Our study demonstrates that the effects of migration are strongly dependent on the nature of the destination environment and the genetic makeup of immigrants. These results enhance our understanding of the influences of migrating populations, which could help better predict the consequences of migration.
Research progress on the encapsulation and sustained controlled‐release of essential oils
Authors: Yi Fengping , Liu Yanfei , Su Chang , Xue Zhaoteng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEssential oils (EOs) are volatile aromatic compounds derived from spice plants and fragrant animals. Its insecticidal, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, among others, have a significant research value. However, the unstable components severely restrict the applications of essential oils. Therefore, selecting the appropriate encapsulating material and the controlled‐release mechanism is crucial to provide the best bioavailability and stability of essential oils. At present, it has been reported that several encapsulating materials are being employed to release essential oils to alleviate the issue of instability and volatility. This study will summarize the frequently utilized encapsulating materials and controlled‐release methods for essential oils in recent years and give insight into the further design of encapsulating systems, development of bioactivity, and expansion of essential oil application sectors.Novelty impact statement

Mesoporous silica and zeolites are being studied for use as encapsulating materials for essential oils.

Natural encapsulating materials have applicability in the food industry.

Light and temperature‐stimulating responses are suitable for sustained controlled‐release for essential oils.
Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib for treatment of alopecia areata in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Behrangi Elham , Barough Mahdieh Shokrollahi , Khoramdad Malihe , Hejazi Pardis , Koltapeh Masoud Pourghahramani , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTofacitinib, a potent JAK inhibitor, has gained increasing interest, in recent years, among dermatologists for the management of refractory alopecia areata. Despite a growing number of studies on its safety and efficacy, there is still a lack of clarity, especially in the pediatric population, in treatment considerations such as proper dosage, treatment duration, side‐effect profile, and therapeutic strategies to guide clinicians.MethodsMultiple databases were systematically searched. Following the PRISMA diagram, of a pool of 601 papers, seven met a checklist of inclusion criteria. These were observational studies including a total of 59 patients from four to 19 years of age.ResultsIn the evaluated studies, tofacitinib was administered either orally at a 2.5 to 15 mg daily (mostly 5 mg twice a day) dosage for 2 to 38 months or in the form of a 2% topical solution for 3–17 months. Metanalysis showed that 49% (95% CI: 29%–69%, I2 = 59.94%) of patients experienced a reversal of alopecia after a minimum of 3 to 9 months of therapy. Fifty‐five percent (95% CI: 23%–86%, I2 = 75.07%) and 41% (95% CI: 23%–59%, I2 = 0.00%) showed Good/complete and partial response rates, respectively. Oral administration was significantly more efficacious than topical application (73% vs 23%, p‐Value = 0.04). Few side effects such as diarrhea and mild liver transaminases abnormalities were noted in several patients.ConclusionResults of this review suggest that tofacitinib at 2.5–15 mg daily (especially 5 mg twice daily) oral formulation or 2% topical solution can be regarded as a viable alternative or adjunct to the conventional treatment options for moderate to severe forms of alopecia areata in children owing to its acceptable efficacy and side‐effect profile. However, uncertainties continue to exist around treatment strategies including initial and maintenance dosages, route of administration, dose adjustments, the timing of tapering or discontinuation, and associated treatment modalities.
Attention‐Induced Trading and Returns: Evidence from Robinhood Users
Authors: BARBER BRAD M. , HUANG XING , ODEAN TERRANCE , SCHWARZ CHRISTOPHER 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTWe study the influence of financial innovation by fintech brokerages on individual investors’ trading and stock prices. Using data from Robinhood, we find that Robinhood investors engage in more attention‐induced trading than other retail investors. For example, Robinhood outages disproportionately reduce trading in high‐attention stocks. While this evidence is consistent with Robinhood attracting relatively inexperienced investors, we show that it is also driven in part by the app's unique features. Consistent with models of attention‐induced trading, intense buying by Robinhood users forecasts negative returns. Average 20‐day abnormal returns are −4.7% for the top stocks purchased each day.