bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in labor induction indications: A 20‐year population‐based study
Authors: Swift Emma M. , Gunnarsdottir Johanna , Zoega Helga , Bjarnadottir Ragnheidur I. , Steingrimsdottir Thora , Einarsdottir Kristjana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionUse of labor induction has increased rapidly in most middle‐ and high‐income countries over the past decade. The reasons for the stark rise in labor induction are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the extent to which the rising rate of labor induction is explained by changes in rates of underlying indications over time.Material and methodsThe study was based on nationwide data from the Icelandic Medical Birth Register on 85 620 singleton births from 1997 to 2018. The rate of labor induction and indications for induction was calculated for all singleton births in 1997–2018. Change over time was expressed as relative risk (RR), using Poisson regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for maternal characteristics and indications for labor induction.ResultsThe crude rate of labor induction rose from 12.5% in 1997–2001 to 23.9% in 2014–2018 (crude RR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.81–2.01). While adjusting for maternal characteristics had little impact, adjusting additionally for labor induction indications lowered the RR to 1.43 (95% CI 1.35–1.51). Induction was increasingly indicated from 1997–2001 to 2014–2018 by gestational diabetes (2.4%–16.5%), hypertensive disorders (7.0%–11.1%), prolonged pregnancy (16.2%–23.7%), concerns for maternal wellbeing (3.2%–6.9%) and maternal age (0.5%–1.2%). No indication was registered for 9.2% of inductions in 2014–2018 compared with 16.3% in 1997–2001.ConclusionsOur results show that the increase in labor induction over the study period is largely explained by an increase in various underlying conditions indicating labor induction. However, indications for 9.2% of labor inductions remain unexplained and warrant further investigation.
Microembolic signal monitoring in patients with HeartMate 3 and HeartWare left ventricular assist devices: Association with antithrombotic treatment and cerebrovascular events
Authors: Ravenberg Kim Kristin , Gabriel Maria Magdalena , Leotescu Andrei , Tran Anh Thu , Grosse Gerrit Maximilian , Schuppner Ramona , Ernst Johanna , Lichtinghagen Ralf , Tiede Andreas , Werwitzke Sonja , Bara Christoph Leon , Schmitto Jan Dieter , Weissenborn Karin , Hanke Jasmin Sarah , Worthmann Hans 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are dreaded complications. Predictive markers for these events are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictive value of microembolic signals (MES) for stroke, detected by Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) in patients with HeartMate 3 (HM 3) or HeartWare (HW).MethodsA thirty‐minute bilateral TCD monitoring of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was performed in 62 outpatients with LVAD (HM 3 N = 31, HW N = 31) and 31 healthy controls. Prevalence and quantity of MES were investigated regarding clinical and laboratory parameters. Cerebrovascular events (CVE) were recorded on follow‐up at 90 and 180 days.ResultsMES were detected in six patients with HM 3, three patients with HW, and three controls. Within the LVAD groups, patients on monotherapy with vitamin‐K‐antagonist (VKA) without antiplatelet therapy were at risk for a higher count of MES (negative binomial regression: VKA: 1; VKA + ASA: Exp(B) = 0.005, 95%CI 0.001–0.044; VKA + clopidogrel: Exp(B) = 0.012, 95%CI 0.002–0.056). There was no association between the presence of MES and CVE or death on follow‐up (p > 0.05).ConclusionFor the first time, the prevalence of MES was prospectively investigated in a notable outpatient cohort of patients with HM 3 and HW. Despite optimized properties of the latest LVAD, MES remain detectable depending on antithrombotic therapy. No association between MES and CVE could be detected.
μRate: An online dose rate calculator for trapped charge dating
Authors: Tudyka Konrad , Koruszowic Michał , Osadnik Rafał , Adamiec Grzegorz , Moska Piotr , Szymak Agnieszka , Bluszcz Andrzej , Zhang Junjie , Kolb Thomas , Poręba Grzegorz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present a new online service for dose rate calculations in trapped charge dating called “μRate”. The app provides a graphical user interface, convenient cloud storage of data, and the ability to exchange data between users. The data records are organised into projects, which can be easily recalculated with modified parameters. Calculations can be carried out for a wide variety of input data originating from different instruments. Radionuclide concentrations can be supplied in several formats and units. The calculations' results can be easily exported. The tool has been created specifically to maximise the flexibility of use and provide a stringent uncertainty estimation using the Monte Carlo method. In addition, μRate can perform a Sobol sensitivity analysis that can help assess the significance and risks associated with each parameter used in calculations. In addition, the app allows for temporal variability in cosmic radiation intensity, which may be of significance in low dose rate samples. The app's results are compared with other dose rate calculation methods, namely Dose4Win, DRAC, and dose rate R scripts, all used in the Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, indicating good agreement with other calculation methods.
Nitrogen cycling in western India as revealed by nitrogen isotopes, and the historic production of saltpetre
Authors: Mizota Chitosi , Hosono Takahiro , Okumura Azusa , Yamanaka Toshiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSaltpetre (KNO3) manufacture was a principal monopoly industry in early Modern India when the United Kingdom governed the social and economic systems. The process represented microbial transformation of excrementitious livestock and human wastes deposited around habitats, resulting in formation of salt efflorescence at an economic scale. Low caste people collected these wastes for extraction and production of rough saltpetre under the administrative control of British India. Stable isotope composition (δ15N and δ18O) was used to trace details of the microbial transformation processes, often involving the isotopic fractionation of nitrogen and oxygen. Marked elevation in δ15N and δ18O values for nitrates in soils and deposits, relative to those of primary organic nitrogen in diets and water sources, characterizes the unique processes of historic saltpetre manufacture in British India.
Surveys as conversations between makers and takers: A conversational framework for assessing and responding to community needs
Authors: Tepper Stephanie J. , Spruill Mikaela K. , Premachandra Bharathy , Lewis Neil A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSurveys, commonly employed in the social and behavioral sciences, are practical tools that can be used to assess the needs and attitudes of a given population. If not implemented in thoughtful ways, however, surveys can be inefficient or even harmful. With surveys often informing critical policy decisions, survey administrators must make careful methodological choices in order to obtain meaningful results and make sound decisions. In this paper, we review the social scientific literature on survey administration to aid policymakers, practitioners, and other survey administrators in understanding their position, identifying their participants, and establishing a plan for their surveys. We provide an overarching framework for survey design, guided by the idea that surveys are conversations between administrators and participants, in order to help creators of surveys make better decisions and engage more effectively with the communities they serve.
The role of religious coping to overcome mental distress and anxiety during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An integrative review
Authors: Imran Muzzamel Hussain , Zhai Zhihong , Iqbal Mujahid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article aims to investigate how religious coping can help religious believers overcome mental distress during the COVID‐19 pandemic. An integrative review was conducted by searching databases (PubMed/Medline, Springer, Elsevier, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Google Scholar) between 2020 and 2021 for articles using the following keywords: “Religious coping and COVID‐19,” “Religion, mental health, and COVID‐19,” and “Religiosity, spirituality, and COVID‐19.” A total of twenty articles were selected for review. The result shows that religious faith might help individuals to calm their minds in times of crisis and severe illness. Some of the spiritual approaches suggested to combat COVID‐19 might be effective. Positive religious coping, intrinsic religiousness, and faith in God were associated with lower anxiety and a greater positive outcome, whereas negative religious coping and distrust in God resulted in the opposite.
Inflammation and intracellular exposure of dolutegravir, darunavir, tenofovir and emtricitabine in people living with HIV
Authors: Ferrara Micol , Cusato Jessica , Salvador Elena , Trentalange Alice , Alcantarini Chiara , Trunfio Mattia , Cannizzo Elvira Stefania , Bono Valeria , Nozza Silvia , De Nicolò Amedeo , Ianniello Alice , De Vivo Elisa , D'Avolio Antonio , Di Perri Giovanni , Bonora Stefano , Marchetti Giulia , Calcagno Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AimsAntiretroviral (ARV) therapy reduces inflammation and immune activation in people with HIV, but not down to the levels observed in people without HIV. Limited drug penetration within tissues has been argued as a potential mechanism of persistent inflammation. Data on the inflammation role on ARV plasma/intracellular (IC) pharmacokinetics (PK) through to expression of cytochrome P450 3A/membrane transporters are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between inflammation markers (IM) and plasma/IC PK of ARV regimen in HIV‐positive patients.MethodsWe included ART‐experienced patients switching to three different ARV regimens. Plasma and IC ARV drug concentration means at the end of dosing interval (T0), IM on samples concomitantly with ARV PK determination: sCD14, CRP, IL‐6 and LPS were analysed.ResultsPlasma and IC drug concentrations were measured in 60 samples. No significative differences between CRP, sCD14, IL‐6 and LPS values in the three arms were observed. A significant inverse correlation between tenofovir plasma concentration and sCD14 (rho = −0.79, P < .001), and between DRV IC/plasma ratio and Log10 IL‐6 concentrations (rho = −0.36, P = .040), and a borderline statistically significant positive trend between DRV plasma concentration and sCD14 (rho = 0.31, P = .070) were suggested. Furthermore, a borderline statistically significant inverse trend between DTG IC concentrations and sCD14 (rho = −0.34, P = .090) was observed in 24 patients on DTG‐based triple therapy.ConclusionsOur preliminary data support the hypothesis of lower DRV and DTG IC concentrations and lower TFV plasma exposure in patients with higher plasma IM suggesting an interplay between HIV drug penetration and persistent inflammation in cART‐treated HIV‐positive patients.
Extended vincristine and dexamethasone pulse therapy may not be necessary for children with TCF3‐PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Wan Yang , Zhang Honghong , Zhang Li , Cai Jiaoyang , Yu Jie , Hu Shaoyan , Fang Yongjun , Gao Ju , Jiang Hua , Yang Minghua , Liang Changda , Jin Runming , Tian Xin , Ju Xiuli , Hu Qun , Jiang Hui , Li Hui , Wang Ningling , Sun Lirong , Leung Alex W. K. , Wu Xuedong , Wang Junxia , Li Chi‐kong , Yang Jun , Tang Jingyan , Shen Shuhong , Zhai Xiaowen , Pui Ching‐Hon , Zhu Xiaofan 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe effect of prolonged pulse therapy with vincristine and dexamethasone (VD) during maintenance therapy on the outcome of paediatric patients with TCF3‐PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) remains uncertain. We conducted non‐inferiority analysis of 263 newly diagnosed TCF3‐PBX1 positive ALL children who were stratified and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive seven additional VD pulses (the control group) or not (the experimental group) in the CCCG‐ALL‐2015 clinical trial from January 2015 to December 2019 (ChiCTR‐IPR‐14005706). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. With a median follow‐up of 4.2 years, the 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and 5‐year overall survival (OS) in the control group were 90.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 85.1–95.4) and 94.7% (95% CI, 90.9–98.6) comparable to those in the experimental group 89.2% (95% CI 84.1–94.7) and 95.6% (95% CI 91.8–99.6), respectively. Non‐inferiority was established as a one‐sided 95% upper confidence bound for the difference in probability of 5‐year EFS was 0.003, and that for 5‐year OS was 0.01 by as‐treated analysis. Thus, omission of pulse therapy with VD beyond one year of treatment did not affect the outcome of children with TCF3‐PBX1 positive ALL.
How are granulocytes for transfusion best used? The past, the present and the future
Authors: Morton Suzy , Fleming Katy , Stanworth Simon J. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryGranulocyte transfusions continue to be used in clinical practice, predominantly for treatment of refractory infection in the setting of severe neutropenia. There is biological plausibility for effectiveness in these patients with deficiencies of neutrophils, either as a consequence of disease or treatment. However, there is a chequered history of conducting and completing interventional trials to define optimal use, and many uncertainties remain regarding schedule and dose. Practice and clinical studies are severely limited by the short shelf life and viability of current products, which often restricts the timely access to granulocyte transfusions. In the future, methods are needed to optimise donor‐derived granulocyte products. Options include use of manufactured neutrophils, expanded and engineered from stem cells. Further possibilities include manipulation of neutrophils to enhance their function and/or longevity. Granulocyte transfusions contain a heterogeneous mix of cells, and there is additional interest in how these transfusions may have immunomodulatory effects, including for potential uses as adjuncts for anti‐cancer effects.
Survival prediction optimization of acute myeloid leukaemia based on T‐cell function‐related genes and plasma proteins
Authors: Wang Yun , Chen Shuzhao , Chi Peidong , Nie Runcong , Gale Robert Peter , Huang Hanying , Chen Zhigang , Cai Yanyu , Yan Enping , Zhang Xinmei , Zhong Na , Liang Yang 
Published: September 2022

SummaryInteractions between acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells and immune cells are postulated to corelate with outcomes of AML patients. However, data on T‐cell function‐related signature are not included in current AML survival prognosis models. We examined data of RNA matrices from 1611 persons with AML extracted from public databases arrayed in a training and three validation cohorts. We developed an eight‐gene T‐cell function‐related signature using the random survival forest variable hunting algorithm. Accuracy of gene identification was tested in a real‐world cohort by quantifying cognate plasma protein concentrations. The model had robust prognostic accuracy in the training and validation cohorts with five‐year areas under receiver‐operator characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.67–0.76. The signature was divided into high‐ and low‐risk scores using an optimum cut‐off value. Five‐year survival in the high‐risk groups was 6%–23% compared with 42%–58% in the low‐risk groups in all the cohorts (all p values <0.001). In multivariable analyses, a high‐risk score independently predicted briefer survival with hazard ratios of death in the range 1.28–2.59. Gene set enrichment analyses indicated significant enrichment for genes involved in immune suppression pathways in the high‐risk groups. Accuracy of the gene signature was validated in a real‐world cohort with 88 pretherapy plasma samples. In scRNA‐seq analyses most genes in the signature were transcribed in leukaemia cells. Combining the gene expression signature with the 2017 European LeukemiaNet classification significantly increased survival prediction accuracy with a five‐year AUROC of 0.82 compared with 0.76 (p < 0.001). Our T‐cell function‐related risk score complements current AML prognosis models.
Single‐fraction prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography‐ and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging‐guided stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer local recurrences
Authors: Ehret Felix , Hofmann Theresa , Fürweger Christoph , Kufeld Markus , Staehler Michael , Muacevic Alexander , Haidenberger Alfred 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo analyse the efficacy and safety of focal prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA‐PET)‐ and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)‐guided single‐fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) local recurrences.Patients and MethodsPatients with PSMA‐PET‐positive PCa local recurrences treated with single‐fraction SBRT between 2016 and 2020 were included. Identification for subsequent recurrences or metastatic spread based on increasing prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels were evaluated using PSMA‐PET imaging.ResultsA total of 64 patients were identified. Patients received various treatments before SBRT (31 patients with radical prostatectomy [RP], 18 external beam radiotherapy [EBRT] with RP, five EBRT, and the remaining 10 other combinations). The median follow‐up was 21.6 months. The median PSA level before SBRT was 1.47 ng/mL. All patients received a single‐fraction treatment with a median prescription dose and isodose line of 21 Gy and 65%, respectively. At the time of SBRT, six patients (9%) received an androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). PSA levels decreased after SBRT (P = 0.03) and three local recurrences were detected during the follow‐up. The progression‐free survival after 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐years was 85.3%, 65.9%, and 51.2%, respectively. Six patients (9%) started ADT after SBRT due to disease progression. The rates of newly started ADT after 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐years were 1.8%, 7.3%, and 22.7%, respectively. Grade 1 or 2 toxicities occurred in six patients (9%); no high‐grade toxicity was observed.ConclusionWhile the available data for SBRT in the PCa local recurrence setting describe outcomes for fractionated irradiations, the findings of this first analysis of single‐fraction, PSMA‐PET‐ and mpMRI‐guided focal SBRT are encouraging. Such treatment appears to be a safe, efficient, and time‐saving therapy even in intensively pretreated patients. Recurrence‐directed treatments can delay the use of ADT and could avoid prostate bed irradiation in selected patients.
Ordovician tectonic transition from passive margin into peripheral foreland in the southern Ordos: A diagnostic insight into the closure of Erlangping Ocean between the North Qinling Arc and North China Block
Authors: Sun Jiaopeng , Dong Yunpeng , Chen Qiang , Yang Lei , Li Wenhou , Zhang Dongdong , Zhang Qian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAchieving a reliable closure time of a back‐arc ocean is an essential aspect in studies on detailed tectonic processes of an active continental margin and arc–continent collision. This is particularly the case for the northern Qinling Orogen, which records the accretion of the North Qinling Arc (NQA) onto the North China Block (NCB) after the Erlangping back‐arc ocean closure. Sedimentological, petrological and geochronological signatures from the Ordovician successions in the southern Ordos reveal a tectonic transition from passive continental margin to peripheral foreland in the southern NCB at the beginning of Katian. Sedimentological and geochronological investigations reveal an abrupt shift of accelerating basin subsidence and deepening at the earliest Katian, separating ca. 300‐m‐thick shallow‐marine carbonate shelf assemblages from overlying ca. 2000‐m‐thick deep‐water carbonate slope and turbidite associations. Zircon age spectra of the Katian turbidites are characterized by early‐Palaeozoic and Neoproterozoic age clusters, which are different from those of the Middle Ordovician quartz arenites sourced merely from the NCB basement. Instead, these age patterns match well with those of the coeval successions in the northern NQA, indicating a spatially linked abyssal deposystem. Stratigraphic architecture deciphers a typical foreland basin geometry, involving, from south to north, northward‐propagating turbiditic wedge, northward‐backstepping carbonate slope and progressively shoaling carbonate platform, embodying foredeep, forebulge and backbulge, respectively. These characteristics of basin‐fill evolution reflect the northward migration of the flexural wave as a dynamic response to the northward expansion of the thickened NQA thrust wedge. Together with the other geological and geochronological data, our new insights indicate a southward subduction polarity of the Erlangping back‐arc oceanic crust followed by its termination at ca. 450 Ma, which was earlier than that of the main Proto‐Tethyan Shangdan Ocean between the NCB and South China Block. Our new data provide an updated view of the complex history of the Proto‐Tethys closure during the Gondwana assembly.
Reorganization of continent‐scale sediment routing based on detrital zircon and rutile multi‐proxy analysis
Authors: Dröllner Maximilian , Barham Milo , Kirkland Christopher L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe duration and extent of sediment routing systems are intrinsically linked to crustal‐ to mantle‐scale processes. Therefore, distinct changes in the geodynamic regime may be captured in the detrital record. This study attempts to reconstruct the sediment routing system of the Canning Basin (Western Australia) during the Early Cretaceous to decipher its depositional response to Mesozoic‐Cenozoic supercontinent dispersal. Specifically, we reconstruct source‐to‐sink relationships for the Broome Sandstone (Dampier Peninsula) and proximal modern sediments through multi‐proxy analysis of detrital zircon (U–Pb, Lu–Hf and trace elements) and detrital rutile (U–Pb and trace elements). Multi‐proxy comparison of detrital signatures and potential sources reveals that the majority of the detrital zircon and rutile grains are ultimately sourced from crystalline basement in central Australia (Musgrave Province and Arunta region) and that proximal sediment supply (i.e., Kimberley region) is negligible. However, a significant proportion of detritus might be derived from intermediate sedimentary sources in central Australia (e.g., Amadeus Basin) rather than directly from erosion of crystalline basement. Broome Sandstone data are consistent with a large‐scale drainage system with headwaters in central Australia. Contextualization with other broadly coeval drainage systems suggests that central Australia acted as a major drainage divide during the Early Cretaceous. Importantly, reorganization after supercontinent dispersal is characterized by the continuation of a sediment pathway remnant of an earlier transcontinental routing system originating in Antarctica that provided a template for Early Cretaceous drainage. Review of older Canning Basin strata implies a prolonged denudation history of central Australian lithologies. These observations are consistent with the long‐lived intracontinental tectonic activity of central Australia governing punctuated sediment generation and dispersion more broadly across Australia and emphasize the impact of deep Earth processes on sediment routing systems.