bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrodiagnostic Findings in Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency Type 2
Authors: Sanchez Jose A. , Traub Rebecca , Trau Steven P. , Howard James F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the electrodiagnostic findings in a case of a 3-year-old girl presenting with sensory ataxia, gait disturbance, and visual–auditory disturbance with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of riboflavin transporter deficiency type 2 (RTD2). She carries a homozygous mutation in the SLC52A2 gene, c.1016T>C (p.Leu339Pro). Her testing demonstrates a non–length-dependent axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy affecting predominantly the upper extremities with active denervation of the distal muscles of both arms. It is important to highlight these findings because most genetic neuropathies have a length-dependent pattern of involvement, affecting the distal legs before the arms. The electrodiagnostic findings in RTD2 have not been previously well described. These electrodiagnostic findings are in agreement with the typical clinical phenotype of RTD2, which affects the upper limbs and bulbar muscles more than the lower extremities.
Academic and Employment Status in Patients With Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab: A Case Series
Authors: Kang Seung Ah , Sweeney Megan , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
To evaluate the impact of treatment with eculizumab, a terminal complement inhibitor, on academic and employment status in patients with refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (MG).

Methods:
Case review of 7 US patients.

Results:
Six patients were aged ≤65 years; one was a full-time student and the remainder were in employment before MG diagnosis. After diagnosis, all patients gave up work (n = 3) or reduced their study/working hours (n = 4). In the 12 months after eculizumab initiation, patients who had stopped work resumed working in some capacity, whereas those who had changed their work/study hours returned to their original work/study pattern. Patients also experienced a reduction in the number of MG exacerbations, and a clinically significant improvement in MG–Activities of Daily Living scores, and were able to reduce other MG medications.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that treatment with eculizumab may help maintain education/employment activity in patients with refractory generalized MG.
Rituximab Responsive Relapsing–Remitting IgG4 Anticontactin 1 Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy Associated With Membranous Nephropathy: A Case Description and Brief Review
Authors: Remiche Gauthier , Monteiro Marta Lamartine S. , Catalano Concetta , Hougardy Jean-Michel , Delmont Emilien , Boucraut José , Mavroudakis Nicolas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nodal/paranodal IgG4-related chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) rarely involves anticontactin (CNTN1) subtype and exceptionally complicates with nephrotic syndrome. A 65-year-old man developed weakness, facial palsy, and balance impairment; after spontaneous recovery, he severely relapsed 1 month later. Electroneuromyography confirmed CIDP. Proteinorachy (462 mg/dL; N < 45), proteinuria (3.5 g/g creatine), and biopsy-proven membranous nephropathy were identified. Intravenous immunoglobulins, corticosteroids, and plasmaphereses did not allow recovery. Anti-CNTN1 immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) assay was positive. Rituximab (375 mg/m2/week, 4 weeks) provided obvious improvement. Relapsing–remitting anti–CNTN1-CIDP co-occurring with nephrotic syndrome is exceptional, and its identification is essential because efficient therapies such as rituximab are available for this severe condition.
No pain management for labour: individual and organisational determinants
Authors: Merrer Jade , Chantry Anne A. , Blondel Béatrice , Le Ray Camille , Bonnet Marie-Pierre 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND
Disparities in access to pain management have been identified in several care settings, such as emergency departments and intensive care units, but with regard to labour analgesia, it remains poorly explored.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the proportion of women without pain management during labour and its individual and organisational determinants.

DESIGN
Secondary analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional population-based study, the 2016 French National Perinatal Survey.

SETTINGS
All maternity units in France.

PARTICIPANTS
Ten thousand and eleven women who attempted vaginal delivery with a labour duration at least 15 min.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Absence of pain management, defined as absence of any pharmacological or nonpharmacological analgesic method during labour.

RESULTS
Among the 10 011 women included, 542 (5.4%) had no labour pain management: 318 (3.7%) of the 8526 women who initially preferred to use neuraxial analgesia and 222 (15.8%) of the 1402 who did not. Using generalised estimating equations stratified according to the maternal antenatal preference for neuraxial analgesia, the common determinants of no labour pain management in both groups were no attendance at childbirth education classes and admission to a delivery unit during the night. Among women who initially preferred to use neuraxial analgesia, those who delivered in units with <1500 annual deliveries compared with units with 2000 to 3499 annual deliveries, were more likely to do without pain management [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39 to 2.78]; among those who did not prefer to use it, women born abroad were more likely to do without labour pain management (adjusted OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.40).

CONCLUSION
In France, 1 : 20 women had no labour pain management, and this proportion was three times higher among women who preferred not to use neuraxial analgesia. Enhancing maternal information on labour pain and its management, especially nonpharmacological methods, and rethinking care organisation, could improve access to analgesia of any kind.
Best Practices to Implement Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Practice
Authors: Francke Marith I. , Peeters Laura E. J. , Hesselink Dennis A. , Kloosterboer Sanne M. , Koch Birgit C. P. , Veenhof Herman , de Winter Brenda C. M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Sampling of blood at home to determine the concentration of drugs or other compounds can be effective in limiting hospital-based sampling. This could lower hospital visits and patient burden, improve the quality of life, and reduce health care costs. Dried blood spot (DBS) microsampling is often used for this purpose, wherein capillary blood, obtained by pricking the heel or finger, is used to measure different analytes. Although DBS has several advantages over venous blood sampling, it is not routinely implemented in clinical practice. To facilitate the bench to bedside transition, it is important to be aware of certain challenges that need to be considered and addressed.

Results:
Here, important considerations regarding the implementation of DBS in clinical practice, the choice of patients, blood sampling, transport, and laboratory analysis are discussed. In addition, we share our experience and provide suggestions on how to deal with these problems in a clinical setting.
Comparison of two new integrated SS-OCT tomography and biometry devices
Authors: Sorkin Nir , Achiron Asaf , Abumanhal Muhammad , Abulafia Adi , Cohen Eyal , Gutfreund Shay , Mandelblum Jorge , Varssano David , Levinger Eliya 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the agreement in biometry measurements and intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations between 2 integrated swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) tomography/biometry devices: the Eyestar 900 and the Anterion.

Setting:
Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Design:
Retrospective comparative study.

Methods:
113 eyes of 66 consecutive patients who were evaluated prior to cataract surgery using both devices on the same visit were included. Measurements of axial length, anterior and posterior keratometry, anterior chamber depth, corneal diameter (CD), central corneal thickness, and lens thickness were recorded from both devices and analyzed for agreement and correlation. IOL power calculations using Barrett Universal II formula were compared between the devices in addition to prediction error (PE) and the mean absolute error (MAE).

Results:
The mean age was 71.6 ± 9.8 years. Clinically, the mean differences in measured variables were small. Measurement correlation and agreement between the devices were excellent for all variables, except for CD (Spearman r = 0.763, P < .001, and Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement −0.21 to +0.65 mm). Good agreement was found between the devices in IOL power calculations, PE, and MAE, and the agreement was better when using the Eyestar 900 reflective keratometry measurements than the Eyestar 900 SS-OCT keratometry measurements (IOL power agreement within ±0.5 diopter (D) in 90.5% [n = 95] and 81.0% [n = 85], respectively [P = .076], and within ±0.25 D in 64.8% [n = 68] and 44.8% [n = 47], respectively [P = .005]).

Conclusions:
The 2 integrated SS-OCT tomography/biometry devices had good agreement in biometry measurements and IOL power calculations. Agreement was better when the Eyestar 900 reflective anterior keratometry measurements were used rather than the Eyestar 900 SS-OCT anterior keratometry measurements. Measurements of CD had reduced agreement and were not interchangeable.
Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation in People Living With HIV in Italy
Authors: Brito Villa Andrés , De Maria Maddalena , Caruso Rosario , Matarese Maria , Arrigoni Cristina , Dellafiore Federica 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Self-care is essential to achieve positive clinical outcomes in patients with chronic diseases; however, self-care behaviors of people living with HIV (PLWH) have not been extensively studied due to the lack of validated measurements. We performed preliminary psychometric analyses of the structural validity and internal consistency of the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory among 108 PLWH living in Italy and assessed self-care levels. Our findings largely replicate the instrument's original factor structure and indicated high internal consistency and reliability. Additionally, we found that PLWH performed self-care behaviors at suboptimal levels. Recommendations for clinical care and future investigations are advanced.
Validation of coronavirus-2019 phobia scale using preschool practitioners in urban and rural communities in Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Gloria C. , Ugwuanyi Christian S. , Aye Eucharia N. , Eze Celestine O. , Ohia Nkiru Christiana , Okenyi Emmanuel C. , Oforka Theresa O. , Oraelosi Charles A. , Njoku Obiageli C. , Ezema Victor S. , Ifekoya Kelechi O. , Nwoga Chinyere Theresa , Okondugba Alexander , Onumonu Julia Amobi , Ohaneme Rosemary Chinyere , Ezeah Malachy A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019, causing significant changes in people's social lives and other human activities. The outbreak halted educational activities throughout the world. The Nigerian experience was unique in that most people were skeptical about the pandemic's existence. This practice contributed to the Nigerian people's fear of the COVID-19 outbreak. However, in Nigeria, there has never been a validated or established Covid-19 phobia scale, necessitating this study.
This study was a pure validation study on COVID-19 phobia scale (C19PS). The study area was south-east states and a sample of 386 preschool practitioners in urban and rural communities of South East States, Nigeria participated in the study. The eligibility criteria include being a preschool teacher and demonstrating signs of COVID-19 phobia. The validation of the C19PS was done by subjecting the data gathered to principal axis factoring analysis with varimax rotation. The model fit for the data was tested using root mean square error of approximation and comparative fit index.
It was found that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of .845 for the measure of the adequacy of the sample size. There was also a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (P < .05). This implies that the correlation matrix for the C19PS is not an identity matrix. It was revealed that C19PS had good overall reliability (α = .896) and model fit (Root mean square error of approximation = .042, comparative fit index = .943) in a sample of Nigerian preschool practitioners.
As a result, C19PS was recommended as a trustworthy tool for identifying persons who suffer from COVID-19 phobia.
Effects of a Medical Aid program on medical utilization patterns for low-income patients with affective disorder in Seoul
Authors: Shon Changwoo , Kim Jungah , You Myoungsoon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mental illness has been increasing globally and its global burden of disease has reached a significant level, and urban dwellers have more chances of having worse mental health status due to high population density, isolated social networks. In Korea's medical security system, Medical Aid (MA) program and National Health Insurance (NHI), patients covered by MA pay much smaller out-of-pocket payments for outpatient services because of exempt from hospitalization fees. However, as a result of focusing on improving access to medical services for the urban poor due to lower out-of-pocket payment, their healthcare costs have greatly increased, while their health management has thus far been inadequate. In light of the background, this study investigated the differences in patterns of medical utilization among affective disordered patients covered by the MA program and the NHI system respectively.
Data used for this study were extracted from customized health information data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). The data source used in this study, customized claims data from the NHIS, is census data, which strengthens the representativeness and reliability of the study results. A total of 6754 inpatients (MA: 3327 and NHI 20%: 3327) diagnosed with the affective disorder were retrieved by Propensity Scores Matching (PSM).
The length of stay of MA beneficiaries was found to be longer than that of NHI enrollees. However, the rate of hospital emergency room visits by NHI enrollees was higher than that of MA beneficiaries.
Overall, community-based interventions are required to prevent and treat mental health by providing primary medical care in the community, and linking with mental health centers. Such policies will ultimately improve the financial sustainability of medical security systems.
Effects of hemodialysis and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate in nonhemodialysis on clinical outcomes after fractional flow reserve-guided deferral of revascularization
Authors: Yokoi Masashi , Ito Tsuyoshi , Nakayama Takafumi , Fujita Hiroshi , Sugiura Tomonori , Seo Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The effect of renal dysfunction on clinical outcomes following fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided deferral of revascularization remains unelucidated.
We retrospectively analyzed 224 patients with atherosclerotic coronary lesions who underwent deferred revascularization based on an FFR of >0.80. The median follow-up interval was 28.1 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the hemodialysis (HD) and the non-HD group. The non-HD group was further classified into 2 subgroups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level: eGFR <45, equivalent to chronic kidney disease stage 3b-5 and eGFR ≥45. We evaluated major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and any revascularization.
MACE occurred in 36 patients (16.1%). The rate of HD was significantly higher in the MACE group (19% vs 6%, P < .01). In non-HD patients, the eGFR was significantly lower in the MACE group (51.2 vs 63.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, P < .01). Overall, univariate Cox regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between HD and MACE (HR 2.91, P = .01), as did the multivariate model (HR 2.90, P = .01). Of the MACE, more deaths occurred in HD patients (15.8% vs 2.9%, P = .03). Among non-HD patients, eGFR <45 (HR 2.70, P = .02), FFR (per 0.01, HR 0.87, P < .01), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (per 10 mg/dL, HR 1.17, P = .02) were independent predictors of MACE. Any revascularization was more common in patients with eGFR<45 than in those with eGFR ≥45 (21.4% vs 7.3%, P = .02). Kaplan–Meier estimates revealed that the HD group showed a significantly lower MACE-free survival rate than the nonHD group (log-rank P < .01). In non-HD patients, the eGFR<45 group showed a lower MACE-free survival rate than the eGFR ≥45 group (log-rank P = .01).
HD and reduced eGFR in non-HD patients were associated with adverse cardiac events after FFR-guided deferral of revascularization.
Analyzing the Cost of Hospital Contact Isolation Practices
Authors: Saber Deborah A. , Norris Anne E. , Reinking Jeff , Trompeter Greg , Sanford Deborah 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to determine the weekly costs of contact precaution (CP) use with medically stable patients infected/colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to estimate the annual financial and environmental costs of CP.

BACKGROUND
The increasing use of disposables for infection control contributes to increasing hospital costs and amounts of solid waste at rates that are becoming unsustainable.

METHODS
A cost analysis was conducted using data from time/motion observations and previous waste audit study, along with hospital finance department values and US Department of Labor salary rates.

RESULTS
Weekly and annual costs were $521.67 and $557 463 (5% hospital multidrug-resistant organism [MDRO] rate assumed). Personal protective equipment accounted for 43% of the waste produced (approximately 1600 pounds annually).

CONCLUSIONS
Implications for nurse administrators include reevaluating activities that require personal protective equipment (PPE) and partnering with materials and human factor engineers to develop more financially and environmentally sustainable infection control practices.
Comparing the Nurse Work Environment, Job Satisfaction, and Intent to Leave Among Military, Magnet®, Magnet-Aspiring, and Non-Magnet Civilian Hospitals
Authors: Patrician Patricia A. , Olds Danielle M. , Breckenridge-Sproat Sara , Taylor-Clark Tanekkia , Swiger Pauline A. , Loan Lori A. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the nurse work environment, job satisfaction, and intent to leave (ITL) among military, Magnet®, Magnet-aspiring, and non-Magnet civilian hospitals.

BACKGROUND
The professional nurse work environment is an important, modifiable, organizational trait associated with positive nurse and patient outcomes; creating and maintaining a favorable work environment should be imperative for nursing leaders.

METHODS
Secondary data from the Army Nurse Corps and the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators included the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and single-item measures of job satisfaction and ITL.

RESULTS
Magnet and military hospitals had identical PES-NWI composite scores; however, statistically significant differences existed among the subscales. Military nurses were the most satisfied among all groups, although this difference was not statistically significant, yet their ITL was highest.

CONCLUSIONS
Favorable work environments may exist in other organizational forms besides Magnet; however, the specific components must be considered.
Assessing the Impact of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Scale-Up on Gonorrhea Incidence Among Gay and Bisexual Men in Sydney: A Mathematical Modeling Study
Authors: Walker Michael L. , Stiasny David , Guy Rebecca J. , Law Matthew G. , Holt Martin , Mao Limin , Donovan Basil , Grulich Andrew E. , Gray Richard T. , Regan David G. 
Published: May 2022

Background
The rollout of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men (GBM) is associated with increases in condomless anal intercourse, potentially increasing the incidence of other sexually transmissible infections (STIs).

Methods
We developed an individual-based mathematical model to simulate the transmission of Neisseria gonorrhoeae among GBM in Sydney, accounting for changes in sexual practices, STI testing, and PrEP use. We calibrated and validated the model using reported incidence rates for HIV-positive and HIV-negative GBM from 2010 to 2019. Scenarios were run with varying PrEP uptake, PrEP-related STI testing, and PrEP-related sexual behavior and testing intervals up to 2030 to assess the impact of PrEP use on gonorrhea incidence.

Results
Preexposure prophylaxis uptake and associated 3-monthly STI testing from 2015 onward resulted in a predicted increase from 20 to 37 N. gonorrhoeae infections per 100 person-years among HIV-negative GBM by the end of 2020. This is lower than the counterfactual predictions of 45 per 100 person-years if PrEP were not scaled up and 48 per 100 person-years with nonadherence to 3-monthly STI testing. Increasing the time between STI tests for PrEP users by 1 month from 2018 results in the incidence rate among HIV-negative GBM increasing by 8% by 2030. If PrEP coverage doubles from 24% to 53%, incidence among HIV-negative GBM declines by ~25% by 2030.

Conclusions
Behavior change due to widespread PrEP use may lead to significant increases in gonorrhea incidence in GBM, but the recommended quarterly STI testing recommended for PrEP users should reduce incidence by 18% by 2030.
Yakima County Incidence Rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections From 2013 to 2018 in Urban-Rural and Area-Deprivation Continua
Authors: Pham Christine , Oluwoye Oladunni , Amiri Solmaz 
Published: May 2022

Background
This study aimed to examine variations in the incidence rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs; i.e., chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) across the urban-rural and area-deprivation continua from January of 2013 to December of 2018 in Yakima County, Washington. The rates of STIs has been increasing in the United States in the past decade. Historically, Yakima County has higher rates of STIs than state and national rates. In addition, Yakima County contains rural areas and areas with greater deprivation that face gaps in access to care.

Methods
The Washington State Department of Health Database Surveillance System was used to conduct the study. The data set included diagnosed cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis with positive laboratory test results for the duration of the study period. Incidence rates of STIs were calculated and statistically analyzed across the urban-rural and area-deprivation continua using rural-urban commuting area codes and the area deprivation index.

Results
The incidence rates of STIs increased from January of 2013 to December of 2018. Rates of STI did not differ in micropolitan, small town, and rural block groups compared with the metropolitan block groups. Most-deprived block groups had significantly higher STI rates compared with less deprived block groups.

Conclusions
There is a need for increased STI intervention in higher deprivation areas including STI education. Public health officials and health care providers should be aware of these risk factors and tailor interventions to the neighborhood they serve.