bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USP15 negatively regulates lung cancer progression through the TRAF6-BECN1 signaling axis for autophagy induction
Authors: Kim Mi-Jeong , Min Yoon , Jeong Soo-Kyung , Son Juhee , Kim Ji Young , Lee Ji Su , Kim Duk-Hwan , Lee Joo Sang , Chun Eunyoung , Lee Ki-Young 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-BECN1 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in autophagy induction through ubiquitination of BECN1, thereby inducing lung cancer migration and invasion in response to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation. Herein, we provide novel molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the negative effect of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 15 (USP15) on lung cancer progression. Clinical data of the TCGA and primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n = 41) revealed that the expression of USP15 was significantly downregulated in lung cancer patients. Importantly,USP15-knockout (USP15KO) A549 andUSP15KO H1299 lung cancer cells generated with CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology showed increases in cancer migration and invasion with enhanced autophagy induction in response to TLR4 stimulation. In addition, biochemical studies revealed that USP15 interacted with BECN1, but not with TRAF6, and induced deubiquitination of BECN1, thereby attenuating autophagy induction. Notably, in primary NSCLC patients (n = 4) with low expression ofUSP15, 10 genes (CCNE1, MMP9, SFN, UBE2C, CCR2, FAM83A, ETV4, MYO7A, MMP11,andGSDMB) known to promote lung cancer progression were significantly upregulated, whereas 10 tumor suppressor genes (FMO2, ZBTB16, FCN3, TCF21, SFTPA1B, HPGD, SOSTDC1, TMEM100, GDF10, andWIF1) were downregulated, providing clinical relevance of the functional role of USP15 in lung cancer progression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that USP15 can negatively regulate the TRAF6-BECN1 signaling axis for autophagy induction. Thus, USP15 is implicated in lung cancer progression.
Adaptive responses of marine diatoms to zinc scarcity and ecological implications
Authors: Kellogg Riss M. , Moosburner Mark A. , Cohen Natalie R. , Hawco Nicholas J. , McIlvin Matthew R. , Moran Dawn M. , DiTullio Giacomo R. , Subhas Adam V. , Allen Andrew E. , Saito Mak A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractScarce dissolved surface ocean concentrations of the essential algal micronutrient zinc suggest that Zn may influence the growth of phytoplankton such as diatoms, which are major contributors to marine primary productivity. However, the specific mechanisms by which diatoms acclimate to Zn deficiency are poorly understood. Using global proteomic analysis, we identified two proteins (ZCRP-A/B, Zn/Co Responsive Protein A/B) among four diatom species that became abundant under Zn/Co limitation. Characterization using reverse genetic techniques and homology data suggests putative Zn/Co chaperone and membrane-bound transport complex component roles for ZCRP-A (a COG0523 domain protein) and ZCRP-B, respectively. Metaproteomic detection of ZCRPs along a Pacific Ocean transect revealed increased abundances at the surface (<200 m) where dZn and dCo were scarcest, implying Zn nutritional stress in marine algae is more prevalent than previously recognized. These results demonstrate multiple adaptive responses to Zn scarcity in marine diatoms that are deployed in low Zn regions of the Pacific Ocean.
Light triggered nanoscale biolistics for efficient intracellular delivery of functional macromolecules in mammalian cells
Authors: Fraire Juan C. , Shaabani Elnaz , Sharifiaghdam Maryam , Rombaut Matthias , Hinnekens Charlotte , Hua Dawei , Ramon Jana , Raes Laurens , Bolea-Fernandez Eduardo , Brans Toon , Vanhaecke Frank , Borghgraef Peter , Huang Chaobo , Sauvage Félix , Vanhaecke Tamara , De Kock Joery , Xiong Ranhua , De Smedt Stefaan , Braeckmans Kevin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiolistic intracellular delivery of functional macromolecules makes use of dense microparticles which are ballistically fired onto cells with a pressurized gun. While it has been used to transfect plant cells, its application to mammalian cells has met with limited success mainly due to high toxicity. Here we present a more refined nanotechnological approach to biolistic delivery with light-triggered self-assembled nanobombs (NBs) that consist of a photothermal core particle surrounded by smaller nanoprojectiles. Upon irradiation with pulsed laser light, fast heating of the core particle results in vapor bubble formation, which propels the nanoprojectiles through the cell membrane of nearby cells. We show successful transfection of both adherent and non-adherent cells with mRNA and pDNA, outperforming electroporation as the most used physical transfection technology by a factor of 5.5–7.6 in transfection yield. With a throughput of 104-105 cells per second, biolistic delivery with NBs offers scalable and highly efficient transfections of mammalian cells.
MRA-free intracranial vessel localization on MR vessel wall images
Authors: Fan Weijia , Sang Yudi , Zhou Hanyue , Xiao Jiayu , Fan Zhaoyang , Ruan Dan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnalysis of vessel morphology is important in assessing intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD). Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging (VWI) has been introduced to image ICAD and characterize morphology for atherosclerotic lesions. In order to automatically perform quantitative analysis on VWI data, MR angiography (MRA) acquired in the same imaging session is typically used to localize the vessel segments of interest. However, MRA may be unavailable caused by the lack or failure of the sequence in a VWI protocol. This study aims to investigate the feasibility to infer the vessel location directly from VWI. We propose to synergize an atlas-based method to preserve general vessel structure topology with a deep learning network in the motion field domain to correct the residual geometric error. Performance is quantified by examining the agreement between the extracted vessel structures from the pair-acquired and alignment-corrected angiogram, and the estimated output using a cross-validation scheme. Our proposed pipeline yields clinically feasible performance in localizing intracranial vessels, demonstrating the promise of performing vessel morphology analysis using VWI alone.
Research on cluster operation optimization of multi‐port energy routers
Authors: Xu Xinxing , Tai Nengling , Hu Yan , Zheng Xiaodong , Qing Chen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe penetration rate of distributed new energy and DC load increase in the distribution network improve the new energy consumption rate and the reliability of power supply. This paper proposes an AC/DC hybrid system structure with multi‐port energy router (ER) cluster, and compares the advantages of this structure over the AC/DC hybrid microgrid with multiple conversion links. In order to realize the stable, economic, and reliable operation of this structure, the multi‐layer and multi‐time scale control method and communication mode are established. According to the non‐linear characteristics of energy consumption of ER port, the optimization model of the cluster control layer and the control mode of each port in the cluster system are studied. By setting several examples, the rationality of the proposed ER cluster operation control mode and the optimization method and the effectiveness in improving the total energy efficiency of the ER cluster system are verified; the advantages of ER cluster operation in improving the operation energy efficiency of key devices in the distribution network are illustrated.
Investigation of incipient faults in 66 kV oil‐filled cable sealing ends
Authors: Peesapati Vidyadhar , Zachariades Christos , Callender George , Gao Siyu , Cwikowski Oliver , Gardner Richard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on the investigation of incipient fault mechanisms of a widely used family of Cable Sealing Ends (CSEs) which use an earthed metallic clip on top of the stress cone to fasten the cable termination stress grading. Finite element simulations indicate that the clip is causing localised electric field enhancement which could also cause impurities in the oil to move towards the clip under the influence of the dielectrophoretic force. Accelerated ageing tests of stress cones in the laboratory have corroborated the simulation results, with the high electric field causing degradation of the semi‐conducting tape underneath the clip as well as initiation of tracking on the surface of the stress cone originating from the edges of the clip. Partial discharge (PD) testing using a bespoke test rig in the high voltage laboratory has shown that incipient faults originating from the ageing of the solid CSE materials can only be detected after surface tracking has progressed substantially. Even then, the intermittent nature of PD activity can pose a risk to the accurate condition assessment of CSEs if continuous monitoring is not employed and if the ultra‐high frequency method is used on its own.
ALMA-IMF
Authors: Pouteau Y. , Motte F. , Nony T. , Galván-Madrid R. , Men’shchikov A. , Bontemps S. , Robitaille J.-F. , Louvet F. , Ginsburg A. , Herpin F. , López-Sepulcre A. , Dell’Ova P. , Gusdorf A. , Sanhueza P. , Stutz A. M. , Brouillet N. , Thomasson B. , Armante M. , Baug T. , Bonfand M. , Busquet G. , Csengeri T. , Cunningham N. , Fernández-López M. , Liu H.-L. , Olguin F. , Towner A. P. M. , Bally J. , Braine J. , Bronfman L. , Joncour I. , González M. , Hennebelle P. , Lu X. , Menten K. M. , Moraux E. , Tatematsu K. , Walker D. , Whitworth A. P. 
Published: April 2022

Aims. The processes that determine the stellar initial mass function (IMF) and its origin are critical unsolved problems, with profound implications for many areas of astrophysics. The W43-MM2&MM3 mini-starburst ridge hosts a rich young protocluster, from which it is possible to test the current paradigm on the IMF origin.
Methods. The ALMA-IMF Large Program observed the W43-MM2&MM3 ridge, whose 1.3 mm and 3 mm ALMA 12 m array continuum images reach a ~2500 au spatial resolution. We used both the best-sensitivity and the line-free ALMA-IMF images, reduced the noise with the multi-resolution segmentation technique MnGSeg, and derived the most complete and most robust core catalog possible. Using two different extraction software packages, getsf and GExt2D, we identified ~200 compact sources, whose ~100 common sources have, on average, fluxes consistent to within 30%. We filtered sources with non-negligible free-free contamination and corrected fluxes from line contamination, resulting in a W43-MM2&MM3 catalog of 205 getsf cores. With a median deconvolved FWHM size of 3400 au, core masses range from ~0.1 M⊙ to ~70 M⊙ and the getsf catalog is 90% complete down to 0.8 M⊙. Results. The high-mass end of the core mass function (CMF) of W43-MM2&MM3 is top-heavy compared to the canonical IMF. Fitting the cumulative CMF with a single power-law of the form N(> log M) ∝ Mα, we measured α = −0.95 ± 0.04, compared to the canonical α = −1.35 Salpeter IMF slope. The slope of the CMF is robust with respect to map processing, extraction software packages, and reasonable variations in the assumptions taken to estimate core masses. We explore several assumptions on how cores transfer their mass to stars (assuming a mass conversion efficiency) and subfragment (defining a core fragment mass function) to predict the IMF resulting from the W43-MM2&MM3 CMF. While core mass growth should flatten the high-mass end of the resulting IMF, core fragmentation could steepen it.
Conclusions. In stark contrast to the commonly accepted paradigm, our result argues against the universality of the CMF shape. More robust functions of the star formation efficiency and core subfragmentation are required to better predict the resulting IMF, here suggested to remain top-heavy at the end of the star formation phase. If confirmed, the IMFs emerging from starburst events could inherit their top-heavy shape from their parental CMFs, challenging the IMF universality.
Das kutane Plattenepithelkarzinom – ein Update
Authors: Burda Birgit , Schultz Erwin S. 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das kutane Plattenepithelkarzinom (PEK) ist nach dem Basalzellkarzinom der zweithäufigste bösartige Hauttumor. In Deutschland wurden 2014 über 50.000 PEK-Neuerkrankungen dokumentiert. Mit Zunahme der durchschnittlichen Lebenserwartung und Komorbiditäten treten mittlerweile auch gehäuft lokal fortgeschrittene Tumore mit Metastasierung auf.
Methode Selektive Literaturrecherche in PubMed und unter Berücksichtigung der deutschen S3-Leitlinien „Aktinische Keratosen und Plattenepithelkarzinom der Haut“ und „Prävention von Hautkrebs“.
Ergebnisse Beim PEK ist der Goldstandard die vollständige Exzision des Primärtumors mittels histopathologischer Kontrolle der Schnittränder. Eine Radiotherapie kann eingesetzt werden, wenn eine vollständige Exzision nicht erreicht werden kann bzw. Inoperabilität besteht. Im Falle eines metastasierten (mPEK) oder lokal fortgeschrittenen (laPEK) PEK, welches nicht kurativ operiert oder bestrahlt werden kann, werden systemische medikamentöse Therapien eingesetzt. Mit der Zulassung des PD1-Antikörpers Cemiplimab steht seit 2019 in der EU eine neue systemische Therapie zur Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen PEK zur Verfügung. Nach bis zu 3 Jahren Follow-up sprechen noch 46% der Patienten mit mPEK und laPEK auf Cemiplimab an, der Medianwert für das Gesamtüberleben und die Ansprechdauer ist in beiden Gruppe noch nicht erreicht. Weitere Antikörper gegen PD1 oder PDL1, Kombinationstherapien sowie die Immuntherapie mit onkolytischen Viren ermöglichen zahlreiche Therapieoptionen und sind aktuell Gegenstand der Forschung.
Schlussfolgerung Mit der Zunahme von fortgeschrittenen Stadien des PEK nimmt die Wichtigkeit des interdisziplinären Tumorboards für den Therapieentscheid immer mehr zu. Die Weiterentwicklung bestehender therapeutischer Konzepte, die Identifikation von gut wirksamen Kombinationstherapien sowie die Entwicklung weiterer verträglicher zielgerichteter Systemtherapien ist eine entscheidende dermatoonkologische Herausforderung der nächsten Jahre.
The Diagnostic Performance of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in Prostate Cancer Patients with Early Recurrence after Definitive Therapy with a PSA <10 ng/ml
Authors: Lengana Thabo , Lawal Ismaheel , Janse Van Rensburg Charl , Mokoala Kgomotso , Moshokoa Evelyn , Mazibuko Sfiso , Van de Wiele Christophe , Maes Alex , Vorster Mariza , Sathekge Mike Machaba 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aim The prostate bed is one of the common sites of early recurrence of prostate cancer. The currently used PSMA ligands (68Ga-PSMA-11 and 99mTc-PSMA) undergo early urinary clearance resulting in interfering physiological activity within and surrounding the prostate. This can result in sites of cancer recurrence being obscured. 18F-PSMA-1007 has an advantage of delayed urinary clearance thus the prostate region is reviewed without any interfering physiological activity. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in patients with early biochemical recurrence after definitive therapy.
Methods Forty-six Prostate cancer (mean age 66.7±7.5, range 48–87 years) presenting with biochemical recurrence (median PSA 1.6ng/ml, range 0.1–10.0) underwent non-contrast-enhanced 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. PET/CT findings were evaluated qualitatively and semiquantitatively (SUVmax) and compared to the results of histology, Gleason grade, and conventional imaging.
Results Twenty-four of the 46 (52.2%) patients demonstrated a site of recurrence on 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. Oligometastatic disease was detected in 15 (32.6%) of these patients. Of these 10 (37.5%) demonstrated intra-prostatic recurrence, lymph node disease was noted in 11 (45.8%) whilst two patients demonstrated skeletal metastases. The detection rates for PSA levels 0–<0.5, 0.5–<1, 1–2, >2 were 31.3%, 33.3%, 55.6% and 72.2% respectively. 7 (29.2%) of the positive patients had been described as negative or equivocal on conventional imaging. An optimal PSA cut-off level of 1.3ng/ml was found.
Conclusion
18F-PSMA-1007 demonstrated good diagnostic performance detecting sites of recurrence. Its ability to detect sites of recurrence in the setting of early biochemical recurrence will have a significant impact on patient management.
EUS-guided gastroenterostomy versus surgical gastroenterostomy for the management of gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Anand , Chandan Saurabh , Mohan Babu P. , Atla Pradeep R. , McCabe Evin J. , Robbins David H. , Trindade Arvind J. , Benias Petros C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Surgical gastroenterostomy (SGE) has been the mainstay treatment for gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). The emergence of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) presents a less invasive alternative for palliation of GOO. We conducted a comprehensive review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety of EUS-GE compared to SGE.
Methods Multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings up to April 2021 were searched to identify studies that reported on safety and effectiveness of EUS-GE in comparison to SGE. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) of technical success, clinical success, adverse events (AE) and recurrence, and pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of procedure time and post-procedure length of stay (LOS) were calculated. Study heterogeneity was assessed using I
2 and Cochran Q statistics.
Results Seven studies including 625 patients (372 EUS-GE and 253 SGE) were included. EUS-GE had lower pooled odds of technical success compared with SGE (OR 0.19, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.60, I
2 0 %). Among the technically successful cases, EUS-GE was superior in terms of clinical success (OR 4.73, 95 % CI 1.83–12.25, I
2 18 %), lower overall AE (OR 0.20, 95 % CI 0.10–0.37, I
2 39 %), and shorter procedure time (SMD –2.4, 95 % CI –4.1, –0.75, I
2 95 %) and post-procedure LOS (SMD –0.49, 95 % CI –0.94, –0.03, I
2 78%). Rates of severe AE (0.89, 95 % CI 0.11–7.36, I
2 67 %) and recurrence (OR 0.49, 95 % CI 0.18–1.38, I
2 49 %) were comparable.
Conclusions Our results suggest EUS-GE is a promising alternative to SGE due to its superior clinical success, overall safety, and efficiency. With further evolution EUS-GE could become the intervention of choice in GOO.
Yield of upper gastrointestinal screening in colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology: a multicenter study
Authors: Farah Filsan , Patel Swati G. , Espinoza Jeannine M. , Jensen Nicholas , Katona Bryson W. , Muller Charles , Kupfer Sonia S. , Weiss Jennifer M. , Hinton Alice , Stanich Peter P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims The majority of patients with 10 or more cumulative colorectal adenomas have uninformative genetic testing and meet criteria for colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology (CPUE). The yield of upper gastrointestinal screening in patients with CPUE after multi-gene panel testing is unknown and our objective was to characterize this.
Patient and methods A multicenter, retrospective analysis of screening upper endoscopies in adults with CPUE after multi-gene panel testing was performed. Those with a history of gastroduodenal neoplasia prior to CPUE diagnosis were excluded. Demographic and clinical variables were collected and compared.
Results One hundred and twenty-eight patients with CPUE were included from five participating centers. Nine (7.0 %) had gastroduodenal neoplasia on initial screening upper endoscopy. Those with over 100 colorectal adenomas had a significantly higher rate of gastroduodenal neoplasia than those with 20–99 or 10–19 colorectal adenomas (44.4 % vs 4.1 % vs 4.4 %, P = 0.002). Similar results were seen when the analysis was restricted to only duodenal or ampullary adenomas. The only malignancy was a gastric cancer in a patient with 20 to 99 colorectal adenomas. When comparing patients with gastroduodenal neoplasia to those without, the only significantly different characteristic was the cumulative number of colorectal adenomas.
Conclusions We found a 7 % rate of gastroduodenal neoplasia in patients with CPUE after multi-gene panel testing. Although patients with ≥ 100 colorectal adenomas had a significantly higher risk, over 4 % of patients with 10 to 99 colorectal adenomas had gastroduodenal neoplasia. Given this, we recommend a screening upper endoscopy at the time of a colonoscopy after CPUE diagnosis.
The Impact of COVID-19 in Bone Metabolism: Basic and Clinical
Aspects
Authors: Tsourdi Elena , Hofbauer Lorenz C. , Rauner Martina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of standard procedures for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment
of fracture risk significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the
incidence of fragility fractures was mostly unaltered. Both COVID-19 per se and
its treatments are associated with a negative impact on bone health. Preclinical
models show that mice infected with SARS-CoV2 even without symptoms display loss
of trabecular bone mass two weeks post infection, due to increased numbers of
osteoclasts. Osteoporosis medications do not aggravate the clinical course of
COVID-19, while preclinical data suggests possible beneficial effects of some
therapies. While vitamin D deficiency is clearly associated with a worse
clinical course of COVID-19, evidence of improved patient outcome with vitamin D
supplementation is lacking. Osteoporosis treatment should not be generally
discontinued, and recommendations for substituting therapies are available.
Osteoporosis therapies do not interfere with the efficacy or side-effect
profiles of COVID-19 vaccines and should not be stopped or indefinitely delayed
because of vaccination.
Therapeutic Effect of the Correction of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mancera Sánchez Jimena , Hernaiz Leonardo Juan Carlos , Ishiwara Niembro Julia Kioko , Lesser Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) appears during the same age group in which vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are evident. Vitamin D deficiency could predispose to BPPV, since these two entities share a demineralization process.
Objective To establish the otological impact of vitamin D supplementation in patients with its deficiency who suffer from BPPV.
Methods This was a randomized clinical trial. A total of 35 patients with vitamin D deficiency (< 30 ng/ml) and BPPV were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (control group): treatment with repositioning maneuvers; and Group 2: treatment with repositioning maneuvers and vitamin D supplementation.
Results A follow-up of between 6 and 13 months and a log rank test revealed that the probability of recurrence between the experimental groups was significantly different, with group 2 having a decreased recurrence of vertigo (p = 0.17). Scores in the Dizziness Handicap inventory (DHI) in patients treated with vitamin D supplementation were smaller (10 ± 9) when compared with a score of 36 ± 9 in the control group.
Conclusion Plasmatic values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have an impact in patients with BPPV, who present an improvement in their quality of life when their vitamin D levels are replaced with supplementation. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo could stop being perceived as a purely otologic disease.
Clinical Quiz—Newborn Female with an Anorectal Malformation and a Gynecological Abnormality
Authors: Apte Anisha , Mayhew Allison , McKenna Elise , Gomez-Lobo Veronica , Levitt Marc A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe present a case of a newborn female with imperforate anus who on exam was found to have a rectal fistula in the vestibule, no vaginal opening, and a normal urethra. A diagnostic laparoscopy was performed to elucidate the internal anatomy. The case is presented with a focus on surgical strategies in approaching the female patient with anorectal malformation and a Mullerian anomaly, with questions for the readers posed in a quiz format.