bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life‐saving case of cardiopulmonary arrest by secondary aortoenteric fistula formed in the anastomotic site between the inferior mesenteric artery and aortic graft
Authors: Yagi Masayuki , Aiboshi Junichi , Kojima Mitsuaki , Yoshikawa Shunsuke , Morishita Koji , Kaji Masahito , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundSecondary aortoenteric fistula is a fatal cause of gastrointestinal bleeding after aortic reconstructive surgery with a prosthesis. In most cases, the proximal suture line is involved. We herein report a rare case in which the fistula formed between the suture line of inferior mesenteric artery reimplantation and the jejunum.Case PresentationAn 82‐year‐old man was transferred to our hospital due to hematemesis with severe hypovolemic shock. Although he fell into cardiopulmonary arrest, immediate resuscitation achieved return of spontaneous circulation. As his surgical history of aortic reconstruction and computed tomography findings suggested potential secondary aortoenteric fistula, emergency surgery was carried out. The anastomosis between the inferior mesenteric artery and aortic graft was communicating with the jejunum. Partial jejunal resection was undertaken, and the aortic graft was replaced.ConclusionThe anastomosis between the inferior mesenteric artery and aortic graft in the previous aortic replacement can become the site of secondary aortoenteric fistula.
One‐dimensional metal–organic framework‐reinforced gel polymer electrolyte enables a stable Li metal battery
Authors: Shi Rongjia , Liao Kaiming , Wang Cuie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are intrinsically advantageous over rigid inorganic ones due to their easy processability and scalability. However, in terms of poor mechanical strength, GPEs can hardly satisfy the requirement of practical Li metal batteries. Herein, a novel one‐dimensional Cu‐metal–organic framework (MOF)‐filler‐reinforced GPE with the merits of high mechanical strength and high ionic conductivity is developed. When such GPE is used in Li symmetrical cells, small and stable Li‐plating/stripping overpotentials (~50 mV) can be maintained over 350 h at .3 mA/cm2. Benefitting from the above MOF‐filler‐reinforced GPE, a full cell with the Li metal anode and LiFePO4 cathode presents a stable cycling performance with a low capacity decay rate of .004% per cycle over 800 cycles at 1 C.
Polyoxazoline‐modified graphene oxides with improved water and epoxy resin dispersibility and stability towards composite applications
Authors: Sahin Zeynep Munteha , Kohlan Taha Behroozi , Atespare Asu Ece , Yildiz Mehmet , Unal Serkan , Dizman Bekir 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) is modified with poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PEOZ) and poly[(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline‐co‐(ethylenimine)] (PEOZ‐PEI) to enhance its dispersibility in water and epoxy resin. PEOZ with a terminal primary amine and POZ‐PEI with multiple backbone secondary amines are synthesized with scalable methods and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). GO modifications are performed at room temperature and 90°C with/without N,N′‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and modified‐GOs are analyzed by FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX). It is observed that the polymer incorporation varies based on the reaction condition, polymer type, and functional group type and position. The dispersion quality and stability of modified GOs are studied in water by particle size analyzer and visually and in epoxy resin by rheometer. PEOZ‐modified GOs show better dispersibility and stability than PEOZ‐PEI‐modified GOs in both media since PEOZ is monofunctional, preventing the agglomerate formation and improving polymer exposure to the dispersion media by its longer length and higher water‐solubility, whereas PEOZ‐PEI has lower water solubility, multiple amines for interactions leading to agglomeration and limited polymer exposure to the dispersion media. The tailorable polymer grafting and the increased dispersibility of modified GOs in both media are promising indicators of their possible applications in composites.
Gelation of a π‐Decorated Glutamate as a Homochiral Selective Self‐assembly to Obtain Macroscopic Chiral Symmetry Breaking
Authors: Tashiro Kentaro , Takei Toshiaki , Fracaroli Alejandro M. , Ohtsu Hiroyoshi , Kawano Masaki , Hashizume Daisuke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn N‐Fmoc and C‐tBu‐protected glutamate (1) bearing a phenanthrene moiety at the side residue crystalizes and gels to afford hetero‐ and homochiral assemblies, respectively, depending on its optical purity or solvent. When a non‐stoichiometric mixture of enantiomers of 1 in acetonitrile was treated with the conditions that leave a mixture of gel and supernatant, it exhibited the self‐disproportionation of enantiomers with an enrichment of the major enantiomer in the gel. Under similar conditions, a racemic mixture of 1 also provided a gel/supernatant mixture, where the gel was enriched in either of L or D‐form of 1 stochastically as the result of macroscopic chiral symmetry breaking in its gelation process.
GFP‐tagging of extracellular vesicles for rapid process development
Authors: Carrillo Sanchez Braulio , Hinchliffe Matthew , Bracewell Daniel G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) act as nano‐scale molecular messengers owing to their capacity to shuttle functional macromolecular cargo between cells. This intrinsic ability to deliver bioactive cargo has sparked great interest in the use of EVs as novel therapeutic delivery vehicles; investments totaling over $2 billion in 2020 alone were reported for therapeutic EVs.One of the bottlenecks facing the production of EVs is the lack of rapid and high throughput analytics to aid process development. Here CHO cells have been designed and engineered to express GFP‐tagged EVs via fusion to CD81. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of parent cell characterization to ensure lack of non‐fused GFP for the effective use of this quantitative approach. The fluorescent nature of resulting vesicles allowed for rapid quantification of concentration and yield across the EV purification process. In this manner, the degree of product loss was deduced by mass balance analysis of ultrafiltration processing, reconciled up to 97% of initial feed mass. The use of GFP‐tagging allowed for straightforward monitoring of vesicle elution from chromatography separations and detection via western blotting. Collectively, this work illustrates the utility of GFP‐tagged EVs as a quantitative and accessible tool for accelerated process development.
Board gender diversity and environmental emissions
Authors: Kyaw Khine , Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Jiraporn Pornsit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recent climate emergency declaration by many nations around the world signifies the severity of the impact of climate change. As an entity which consumes a large quantity of resources ranging from material to human, corporations have a responsibility to seriously tackle climate change. As a company's board of directors is typically responsible for developing business strategies, including environmental strategies, this paper explores whether gender diversity on corporate boards affect firms' emission performance. Consistent with diversity theory, we find that board gender diversity is positively associated with firms' emission reduction performance. The likelihood that a firm with a gender diverse board reduces environmental emission is 9% higher than its industry peers. To ensure that our results are robust to endogeneity, we conduct additional analyses including propensity score matching (PSM), entropy balancing, and instrumental‐variable analysis.
Imparting knowledge to a unique generation of budding clinical anatomists
Authors: Clifton William 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe newest influx of young learners of anatomy in medical education belong to Generation Z (GenZ), a unique generation of individuals that are vastly different from the Millennial and GenZ trainees before them. It has been shown that the first wave of GenZ members entering the workforce possess considerable talent for innovation and dedication to their work. However, recent evidence suggests that GenZ learners are also potently susceptible to environmental influences and place heavy emphasis on personal relationships developed with their instructors. This characteristic presents a challenge to current instructors of clinical anatomy participating in intergenerational teaching, especially with respect to instructing the intangible aspects of a successful academic career. This article highlights the pressing educational challenges faced by anatomy instructors and provides a concise method to reach GenZ trainees in a way that will help prepare them for the personal and professional milestones needed to achieve a successful academic and clinical career.
Good functional recovery after bilateral elbow dislocation associated with bilateral distal radius and ulna fractures
Authors: Bobovec Dino , Rajačić Daniel , Žigman Tomislav , Dobrić Ivan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBilateral elbow dislocation associated with bilateral distal forearm fractures is extremely rare, therefore its optimal treatment, complications, and outcomes remain unclear. We present an illustrative case with a 2‐year follow up of a patient who sustained a complex injury of the upper extremity and underwent combined surgical and conservative treatment.
Rare‐Earth Metal Yttrium‐Modified Composite Metal Oxide Catalysts for High Selectivity Synthesis of Biomass‐Derived Lactic Acid from Cellulose
Authors: Dong Wendi , Ou Man , Qu Dongxue , Shi Xingshan , Guo Ming , Liu Guojun , Wang Shaoshuai , Wang Fenfen , Chen Yuhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLactic acid is a versatile and potential building block for generating biodegradable plastics and polylactic acid, as well as in chemical and pharmaceuticals industry. Nevertheless, the achievement of lactic acid production in large quantities remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a series of yttrium‐modified composite metal oxide catalysts were synthesized for production of lactic acid starting from renewable biomass cellulose. Interestingly, Y2O3/Al2O3 showed outstanding chemoselectivity towards lactic acid due to its predominant Lewis acid sites (Y3+) and weak Brønsted acid sites (hydroxyl group) together with appropriate total surface acidity. The structure‐activity relationship was systematically investigated by a combination of XRD, BET, NH3‐TPD, PyIR, SEM, FTIR, and XPS characterization techniques. A nearly complete conversion of cellulose and as high as 72.8 % yield of lactic acid could be achieved under the optimum conditions. Importantly, the resultant catalysts were reusable without appreciable loss in catalytic activity after five consecutive cycles. This study provides an efficient, cost‐efficient and facile strategy for fabricating promising heterogeneous catalysts for conversion of biomass resources to highly valuable chemicals.
Copy number variations identified in thyroid FNA specimens are associated with Hürthle cell cytomorphology
Authors: Abi‐Raad Rita , Prasad Manju L. , Adeniran Adebowale J. , Cai Guoping 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUNDThe fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis of thyroid Hürthle cell neoplasms (HCNs) remains challenging. This study explored a possible association of copy number variations (CNVs) with Hürthle cell lesions of the thyroid.METHODSThyroid FNA cases that were diagnosed as follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS) or follicular neoplasm (FN)/HCN for which the ThyroSeq version 3 genomic classifier test was performed were retrieved.RESULTSA total of 324 thyroid FNA cases (228 FLUS cases, 46 HCN cases, and 50 FN cases) were included in the study. FLUS cases were further classified as Hürthle cell type (follicular lesion of undetermined significance–Hürthle cell type [FLUS‐HCT]; 20 cases) or non‐Hürthle cell type (follicular lesion of undetermined significance–non‐Hürthle cell type [FLUS‐NHCT]; 208 cases). HCN and FLUS‐HCT cases showed a higher prevalence of CNVs (23 of 66 [35%]) in comparison with those classified as FN or FLUS‐NHCT (14 of 258 [5%]; P < .001). A total of 105 patients had histopathologic follow‐up. Cases with CNVs were more likely to be neoplastic (18 of 26 [69%]) and associated with Hürthle cell changes (14 of 26 [54%]) in comparison with cases without any molecular alterations (neoplastic, 8 of 24 [33%]; Hürthle cell changes, 2 of 24 [8%]; P < .05). In HCN/FLUS‐HCT cases with CNVs (n = 14), Hürthle cell changes (13 of 14 [93%]) and neoplasms (9 of 14 [64%]) were more likely to be seen on surgical follow‐up in comparison with the 17 cases without CNVs (Hürthle cell changes, 6 of 17 [35%]; neoplastic, 3 of 17 [18%]; P < .05).CONCLUSIONSCNVs identified in thyroid FNA cases are associated with Hürthle cell morphology and are suggestive of a neoplasm with Hürthle cell features in thyroid FNAs classified as FLUS‐HCT/HCN. This finding may be helpful in triaging patients who would benefit from surgical management.;
Investigation of Lithium Polyacrylate Binders for Aqueous Processing of Ni‐Rich Lithium Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Reissig Friederike , Puls Sebastian , Placke Tobias , Winter Martin , Schmuch Richard , Gomez‐Martin Aurora 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxide cathodes are promising candidates to satisfy the increasing energy demand of lithium‐ion batteries for automotive applications. Aqueous processing of such materials, although desirable to reduce costs and improve sustainability, remains challenging due to the Li+/H+exchange upon contact with water, resulting in a pH increase and corrosion of the aluminum current collector. Herein, an example was given for tuning the properties of aqueous LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2electrode pastes using a lithium polyacrylate‐based binder to find the “sweet spot” for processing parameters and electrochemical performance. Polyacrylic acid was partially neutralized to balance high initial capacity, good cycling stability, and the prevention of aluminum corrosion. Optimized LiOH/polyacrylic acid ratios in water were identified, showing comparable cycling performance to electrodes processed with polyvinylidene difluoride requiring toxicN‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone as solvent. This work gives an exemplary study for tuning aqueous electrode pastes properties aiming towards a more environmentally friendly processing of Ni‐rich cathodes.
Genotyping‐by‐sequencing analysis of Orobanche crenata populations in Algeria reveals genetic differentiation
Authors: Bendaoud Farah , Kim Gunjune , Larose Hailey , Westwood James H. , Zermane Nadjia , Haak David C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCrenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) is a serious long‐standing parasitic weed problem in Algeria, mainly affecting legumes but also vegetable crops. Unresolved questions for parasitic weeds revolve around the extent to which these plants undergo local adaptation, especially with respect to host specialization, which would be expected to be a strong selective factor for obligate parasitic plants. In the present study, the genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) approach was used to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of 10 Northern Algerian O. crenata populations with different geographical origins and host species (faba bean, pea, chickpea, carrot, and tomato). In total, 8004 high‐quality single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (5% missingness) were obtained and used across the study. Genetic diversity and relationships of 95 individuals from 10 populations were studied using model‐based ancestry analysis, principal components analysis, discriminant analysis of principal components, and phylogeny approaches. The genetic differentiation (FST) between pairs of populations was lower between adjacent populations and higher between geographically separated ones, but no support was found for isolation by distance. Further analyses identified four genetic clusters and revealed evidence of structuring among populations and, although confounded with location, among hosts. In the clearest example, O. crenata growing on pea had a SNP profile that was distinct from other host/location combinations. These results illustrate the importance and potential of GBS to reveal the dynamics of parasitic weed dispersal and population structure.
Dead volume–free flow splitting in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Böhm Daniel , Koall Martin , Matysik Frank‐Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, several dual detection concepts (DDCs) for CE were developed, which consisted of at least one nondestructive detector. For these DDCs, a linear detector arrangement could be used, which is not possible when both detectors are destructive. To overcome this problem, we developed a concept for the splitting of the CE stream utilizing commercially available flow splitters (FSs) that allow the parallel positioning of two destructive detectors. In this proof‐of‐concept study, T‐ and Y‐shaped FSs were characterized regarding their suitability for DDCs. To keep it simple, a UV detector (UV) and a C4D were used for the characterization. The model system consisted of an acetonitrile‐based background electrolyte and the two model substances, (ferrocenylmethyl)trimethylammonium iodide and caffeine. CE hyphenated to a UV detector (CE‐UV) measurements revealed that the split ratio was about 50% for both FSs. CE‐C4D was used to evaluate the peak shape in front of and behind the FSs. These measurements showed that there was no significant peak broadening introduced by the FSs. Additionally, there were no changes in the LODs in front of and behind the FSs. Furthermore, the flexibility of the new FS approach allowed the usage of capillaries with different ids (25–75 µm) for injection and detection.
Taxonomic notes on southern Indian Portulaca (Portulacaceae)
Authors: Singh Rajeev Kumar , Arigela Ravi Kiran 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Indian species Portulaca suffruticosa has been confused with other taxa by many previous authors, due to lack of field collections and a paucity of specimens in Indian herbaria. Following a morphological taxonomic study supported by new field collections, P. suffruticosa is confirmed as an accepted species endemic to southern India and Sri Lanka, and as distinct from P. pilosa and P. tuberosa. The more recently described species P. lakshminarasimhaniana and P. laljii are considered to be conspecific with P. suffruticosa, and P. badamica conspecific with P. tuberosa; their names are accordingly synonymised. Lectotypifications of the names P. suffruticosa Wight, P. tuberosa Roxb. and P. wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn. were found to be necessary to avoid future misapplication of names and full descriptions of these three species are provided. A key to all Indian species of Portulaca is provided.
Beyond broadband: Towards a spectral decomposition of electroencephalography microstates
Authors: Férat Victor , Seeber Martin , Michel Christoph M. , Ros Tomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOriginally applied to alpha oscillations in the 1970s, microstate (MS) analysis has since been used to decompose mainly broadband electroencephalogram (EEG) signals (e.g., 1–40 Hz). We hypothesised that MS decomposition within separate, narrow frequency bands could provide more fine‐grained information for capturing the spatio‐temporal complexity of multichannel EEG. In this study, using a large open‐access dataset (n = 203), we first filtered EEG recordings into four classical frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha and beta) and thereafter compared their individual MS segmentations using mutual information as well as traditional MS measures (e.g., mean duration and time coverage). Firstly, we confirmed that MS topographies were spatially equivalent across all frequencies, matching the canonical broadband maps (A, B, C, D and C′). Interestingly, however, we observed strong informational independence of MS temporal sequences between spectral bands, together with significant divergence in traditional MS measures. For example, relative to broadband, alpha/beta band dynamics displayed greater time coverage of maps A and B, while map D was more prevalent in delta/theta bands. Moreover, using a frequency‐specific MS taxonomy (e.g., ϴA and αC), we were able to predict the eyes‐open versus eyes‐closed behavioural state significantly better using alpha‐band MS features compared with broadband ones (80 vs. 73% accuracy). Overall, our findings demonstrate the value and validity of spectrally specific MS analyses, which may prove useful for identifying new neural mechanisms in fundamental research and/or for biomarker discovery in clinical populations.
Performance evaluation of general public hospitals in territories of the Former Yugoslavia: An ecological study using the Pabon Lasso model
Authors: Medarević Aleksandar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMeasuring hospital performance is an area of great importance due to limited resources. Additionally, hospital activities are vital during emergencies providing care under pressure of external factors.AimThis study aimed at analysing performances of general public hospitals from territories of the Former Yugoslavia.MethodThis ecological study includes 99 hospitals from 6 territories based on annual reports of institutions in charge of territorial health data. The Pabon Lasso method was used, considering hospitals in the third quadrant of the plot as top‐performing in the territory. A particular focus was on performance changes during the pandemic caused by SARS‐COV‐2 coronavirus.Results and conclusionThere is considerable heterogeneity in the length of stay, bed occupancy and turnover rate between territories. The proportion of top‐performing hospitals varied between 20% and 43%, providing between 16% and 69% of inpatients episodes within the territory. However, countries did not differ in how their hospitals were distributed across the four quadrants of the Pabon Lasso plot. Comparison of Croatian and Kosovar data from 2019 to 2020 suggested a significant decrease in turnover and occupancy rates, but most hospitals retained their plot quartiles from the previous year. This supports the finding that there were no significant changes in hospital performance based on the Pabon Lasso method. The analysis showed significant room for performance improvement and highlighted the ability of the Croatian and Kosovar hospitals and their health systems to maintain efficiency during emergencies.