bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Zheng Zhiyong , Tian Kun , Liu Fengxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 1978, Rivest et al. (1978) proposed the concepts of data bank and fully homomorphic encryption. Some individuals and organizations encrypt the original data and store them in the data bank for privacy protection. Data bank is also called data cloud. Therefore, the cloud stores a large amount of original data, which is obviously a huge wealth. How to use these data effectively? First of all, we must solve the problem of calculation of these encrypted data, which is called a privacy calculation problem. Rivest, Adleman and Dertouzos conjecture that if all data is fully homomorphic encryption, that is, the addition and multiplication of ciphertext are homomorphic to the corresponding addition and multiplication of plaintext, then the encrypted data can be effectively computed by elementary calculation without changing the structure of the plaintext data (under the condition of homomorphism). The RAD conjecture has been proposed for more than 30 years, but no one could solve this problem since the cryptographic structure of the fully homomorphic encryption system is too complicated. In 2009, C. Gentry, a computer scholar at Stanford University, first proposed a fully homomorphic encryption scheme in Gentry (2009b) based on ideal lattice, for which he won the 2022 highest award in theoretical computer science—the Godel Award. Based on Gentry’s work, the second and third fully homomorphic encryption schemes based on LWE distribution and trapdoor matrix technology have also been proposed; see Brakerski and Vaikuntanathan (2011a), (2011b), (2012), (2014), (2015) and Gentry et al. (2013) in 2013. The main purpose of this chapter is to systematically analyze and discuss the above three fully homomorphic encryption techniques, in order to understand the latest research trends of the post-quantum cryptography.
a → πππ decay at next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory
Authors: Di Luzio Luca , Piazza Gioacchino 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We discuss the construction of the two-flavour axion-pion effective Lagrangian at the next-to-leading order (NLO) in chiral perturbation theory and present, as a phenomenological application, the calculation of the decay rate of a GeV-scale axion-like particle via the channel a → πππ. Through the NLO calculation, we assess the range of validity of the effective field theory and show that the chiral expansion breaks down just above the kinematic threshold. Alternative non-perturbative approaches are called for in order to extend the chiral description of axion-pion interactions.
DDF operators in the hybrid formalism
Authors: Naderi Kiarash 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
String theory with one unit of NS-NS flux on AdS3 × S3 × 𝕋4 has been recently realised to be the exact dual of the symmetric orbifold of 𝕋4. In the hybrid formalism of Berkovits, Vafa and Witten and using the free-field realisation of $$ \mathfrak{psu} $$
psu
(1, 1|2)1, the DDF operators of the free bosons and the free fermions of 𝕋4 are constructed. It is shown that these DDF operators reproduce the whole spectrum of the space-time theory on the world-sheet and therefore provide a derivation of the dual spectrum from first-principles.
Recursion-free solution for two-loop vacuum integrals with “collinear” masses
Authors: Davydychev Andrei I. , Schröder York 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the structure of a particular class of massive vacuum Feynman integrals at two loops. This class enjoys the linear relation m1 + m2 = m3 between its three propagator masses, corresponding to zeros of the associated Källén function. Apart from having applications in thermal field theory, the integrals can be mapped onto one-loop three-point functions with collinear external momenta, suggesting the term “collinear” masses. We present a closed-form solution for these integrals, proving that they can always be factorized into products of one-loop cases, for all integer-valued propagator powers.
Finiteness of entanglement entropy in collective field theory
Authors: Das Sumit R. , Jevicki Antal , Zheng Junjie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We explore the question of finiteness of the entanglement entropy in gravitational theories whose emergent space is the target space of a holographic dual. In the well studied duality of two-dimensional non-critical string theory and c = 1 matrix model, this question has been studied earlier using fermionic many-body theory in the space of eigenvalues. The entanglement entropy of a subregion of the eigenvalue space, which is the target space entanglement in the matrix model, is finite, with the scale being provided by the local Fermi momentum. The Fermi momentum is, however, a position dependent string coupling, as is clear in the collective field theory formulation. This suggests that the finiteness is a non-perturbative effect. We provide evidence for this expectation by an explicit calculation in the collective field theory of matrix quantum mechanics with vanishing potential. The leading term in the cumulant expansion of the entanglement entropy is calculated using exact eigenstates and eigenvalues of the collective Hamiltonian, yielding a finite result, in precise agreement with the fermion answer. Treating the theory perturbatively, we show that each term in the perturbation expansion is UV divergent. However the series can be resummed, yielding the exact finite result. Our results indicate that the finiteness of the entanglement entropy for higher dimensional string theories is non-perturbative as well, with the scale provided by Newton’s constant.
One-loop matching of scotogenic model onto standard model effective field theory up to dimension 7
Authors: Liao Yi , Ma Xiao-Dong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The scotogenic neutrino seesaw model is a minimal extension of the standard model with three ℤ2-odd right-handed singlet fermions N and one ℤ2-odd Higgs doublet η that can accommodate the tiny neutrino mass and provide a dark matter candidate in a unified picture. Due to lack of experimental signatures for electroweak scale new physics, it is appealing to assume these new particles are well above the electroweak scale and take the effective field theory approach to study their effects on low energy observables. In this work we apply the recently developed functional matching formalism to the one-loop matching of the model onto the standard model effective field theory up to dimension seven for the case when all new states N and η are heavy to be integrated out. This is a realistic example which has no tree-level matching due to the ℤ2 symmetry. Using the matching results, we analyze their phenomenological implications for several physical processes, including the lepton number violating effect, the CDF W mass excess, and the lepton flavor violating decays like μ → eγ and μ → 3e.
An oncogene addiction phosphorylation signature and its derived scores inform tumor responsiveness to targeted therapies
Authors: Orlando Eleonora , Medo Matúš , Bensimon Ariel , Quintin Aurélie , Riedo Rahel , Roth Selina M. , Riether Carsten , Marti Thomas M. , Aebersold Daniel M. , Medová Michaela , Aebersold Ruedi , Zimmer Yitzhak 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeOncogene addiction provides important therapeutic opportunities for precision oncology treatment strategies. To date the cellular circuitries associated with driving oncoproteins, which eventually establish the phenotypic manifestation of oncogene addiction, remain largely unexplored. Data suggest the DNA damage response (DDR) as a central signaling network that intersects with pathways associated with deregulated addicting oncoproteins with kinase activity in cancer cells.ExperimentalDesignWe employed a targeted mass spectrometry approach to systematically explore alterations in 116 phosphosites related to oncogene signaling and its intersection with the DDR following inhibition of the addicting oncogene alone or in combination with irradiation in MET-, EGFR-, ALK- or BRAF (V600)-positive cancer models. An NSCLC tissue pipeline combining patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and ex vivo patient organotypic cultures has been established for treatment responsiveness assessment.ResultsWe identified an ‘oncogene addiction phosphorylation signature’ (OAPS) consisting of 8 protein phosphorylations (ACLY S455, IF4B S422, IF4G1 S1231, LIMA1 S490, MYCN S62, NCBP1 S22, P3C2A S259 and TERF2 S365) that are significantly suppressed upon targeted oncogene inhibition solely in addicted cell line models and patient tissues. We show that the OAPS is present in patient tissues and the OAPS-derived score strongly correlates with the ex vivo responses to targeted treatments.ConclusionsWe propose a score derived from OAPS as a quantitative measure to evaluate oncogene addiction of cancer cell samples. This work underlines the importance of protein phosphorylation assessment for patient stratification in precision oncology and corresponding identification of tumor subtypes sensitive to inhibition of a particular oncogene.
Solvability of superlinear fractional parabolic equations
Authors: Fujishima Yohei , Hisa Kotaro , Ishige Kazuhiro , Laister Robert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe study necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for the existence of local-in-time solutions of the Cauchy problem for superlinear fractional parabolic equations. Our conditions are sharp and clarify the relationship between the solvability of the Cauchy problem and the strength of the singularities of the initial measure.
Semi-occlusive dressing therapy versus surgical treatment in fingertip amputation injuries: a clinical study
Authors: Pastor Tatjana , Hermann Patricia , Haug Luzian , Gueorguiev Boyko , Pastor Torsten , Vögelin Esther 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Treatment of fingertip amputations is subject of controversial debates. Recently, semi-occlusive dressings have increased in popularity in these injuries.

Aims
To compare clinical outcomes of conservative semi-occlusive dressing therapy versus surgical treatment of fingertip amputations.

Methods
Eighty-four patients with fingertip amputations were re-examined clinically after a mean follow-up of 28.1 months (range 9.6–46.2). Sixty-six patients (79%) were treated with semi-occlusive dressings (group 1) and 18 (21%) underwent surgery (group 2). Range of motion, grip strength, and two-point discrimination were measured at the final follow-up. Furthermore, VAS score, Quick-DASH score, subjective aesthetic outcome and loss of working days were obtained.

Results
Group 1 demonstrated healing in all 66 patients (100%) while in Group 2 5 out of 18 patients (28%) failed to achieve healing after a mean of 17 days (range 2–38) due to graft necrosis. Group 1 showed significantly lower VAS scores and significantly lower loss of two-point discrimination compared to Group 2. Work absence was significantly shorter in Group 1 versus Group 2. Trophic changes in finger (46%) and nail (30%) were significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (44% and 70%, respectively). Disturbance during daily business activities (14%) and cold sensitivity (23%) were significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (86% and 77%, respectively).

Conclusions
Semi-occlusive dressing therapy for fingertip amputations demonstrated excellent healing rates. Compared to surgical treatment, it resulted in significantly better clinical outcomes, lower complication rates and significantly higher reported satisfaction rates. Therefore, semi-occlusive dressing for fingertip injuries is a very successful procedure and shall be preferred over surgical treatment in most cases.

Level of evidence
III therapeutic.
Cohen-Macaulay Property of Feynman Integrals
Authors: Tellander Felix , Helmer Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe connection between Feynman integrals and GKZ A-hypergeometric systems has been a topic of recent interest with advances in mathematical techniques and computational tools opening new possibilities; in this paper we continue to explore this connection. To each such hypergeometric system there is an associated toric ideal, we prove that the latter has the Cohen-Macaulay property for two large families of Feynman integrals. This implies, for example, that both the number of independent solutions and dynamical singularities are independent of space-time dimension and generalized propagator powers. Furthermore, in particular, it means that the process of finding a series representation of these integrals is fully algorithmic.
[18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT in differentiated thyroid cancer: diagnostic performance, uptake values, and comparison with 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT
Authors: Mu Xingyu , Huang Xiaoxue , Jiang Zewen , Li Meng , Jia Lulu , Lv Zhongyuan , Fu Wei , Mao Jingsong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of [18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT and compare it with that of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with biochemical elevations in Tg or anti-Tg antibodies.

Methods
A total of 42 patients with DTC with biochemical elevations in Tg or anti-Tg antibodies underwent [18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT as part of this study; of which, 11 additionally underwent 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT within 7 days. Images were semi-quantitatively and visually interpreted, and the quantity, location, and uptake values of lesions were noted. The diagnostic capacity of [18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT and biomarkers affecting the uptake of [18F]FAPI-42 were evaluated. In addition, the diagnostic performance and uptake of [18F]FAPI-42 and 2-[18F]FDG were compared, and the correlation between lesion diameter and quantitative parameters was investigated.

Results
A total of 161 lesions were detected in 27 (64%) patients on [18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT. FAPI-positive local recurrence showed the highest uptake intensity, followed by lymphatic, other site-associated (bone and pleura), and pulmonary lesions (mean SUVmax, 4.7 versus 3.7 versus 3.0 versus 2.2, respectively; P < 0.0001). The levels of TSH, Tg, and Tg-Ab did not affect the uptake value of lesions (median SUVmax: 2.4 versus 3.2, P = 0.56; 2.9 versus 2.4, P = 0.0935; 2.8 versus 2.6, P = 0.0525, respectively). A total of 90 positive lesions were detected in 7 patients using both modalities. All positive lesions showed statistically higher uptake of 2-[18F]FDG than that of [18F]FAPI-42 (SUVmax, 2.6 versus 2.1; P = 0.026). However, the SUVmax of [18F]FAPI-42 was higher than that of 2-[18F]FDG in local recurrences and lymphatic lesions (SUVmax, 4.2 versus 2.9 and 3.9 versus 3.4, respectively; P > 0.05).

Conclusion
[18F]FAPI-42 can be used for detecting lesions and reflecting FAP expression during local recurrence and metastasis in patients with DTC with biochemical elevations in Tg or anti-Tg antibodies. The diagnostic performance of [18F]FAPI-42 PET/CT is comparable with that of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in such patients.
BRAF inhibitor treatment of classical hairy cell leukemia allows successful vaccination against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Konrat Judith , Rösler Wiebke , Roiss Michael , Meier-Abt Fabienne , Widmer Corinne C. , Balabanov Stefan , Manz Markus G. , Zenz Thorsten 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In classical hairy cell leukemia (HCL), standard treatments including purine analogs achieve a durable response (up to 90%), but lead to severe immunosuppression and long-lasting depletion of CD4 + T lymphocytes. The BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib is effective in HCL, but its use in first-line treatment is restricted to select clinical situations (e.g. active infection). Its impact on immune function or response to vaccines in HCL is unclear. We treated four HCL patients with vemurafenib during the COVID-19 pandemic and monitored immune reconstitution and response to SARS-CoV-2 immunization. All patients responded to HCL treatment with normalization of peripheral blood counts. No severe infections occurred. As an indication of limited immunosuppression by vemurafenib, stable CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte counts and immunoglobulin levels were observed. Three out of four patients received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech) during treatment with vemurafenib. IgG antibody levels against the spike-protein of SARS-CoV-2 were detected (40–818 AE/ml). Our data suggest that vemurafenib has limited effects on cellular and humoral immune function in HCL, which allows for successful SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. These data support the use of BRAF inhibitors during the current pandemic where continued immune response is necessary for minimizing the COVID-19-related risk of non-vaccinated patients.
Alterations and diagnostic performance of capillary ketonemia in pediatric acute appendicitis: a pilot study
Authors: Arredondo Montero Javier , Bronte Anaut Mónica , Bardají Pascual Carlos , Antona Giuseppa , López-Andrés Natalia , Martín-Calvo Nerea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The diagnostic performance of capillary ketonemia (CK) has been previously evaluated in context of pediatric acute gastroenteritis. To our knowledge, there is no literature on its performance in the setting of pediatric acute appendicitis (PAA).

Materials and methods
In this study, 151 patients were prospectively included and divided into two groups: (1) patients with non-surgical abdominal pain in whom the diagnosis of PAA was excluded (n = 53) and (2) patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAA (n = 98). In 80 patients (Group 1, n = 23 and group 2, n = 57) a CK was measured at the time of diagnosis. The PAA group was further classified into complicated (n = 18) and uncomplicated PAA (n = 39). Quantitative variables were compared between groups using the Mann–Whitney U test. Diagnostic performance of CK was evaluated with ROC curves.

Results
CK values were 0.3 [0.1–0.9] mmol/L in group 1 and 0.7 [0.4–1.4] mmol/L in group 2 (p = 0.01). Regarding the type of PAA, CK values were 0.6 [0.4–0.9] mmol/L in uncomplicated PAA and 1.2 [0.8–1.4] mmol/L in complicated PAA (p = 0.02). The AUC for the discrimination between groups 1 and 2 was 0.68 (95% IC 0.53–0.82) (p = 0.24) and the AUC for the discrimination between uncomplicated PAA and complicated PAA was 0.69 (95% IC 0.54–0.85) (p = 0.04). The best cut-off point (group 1 vs group 2) resulted in 0.4 mmol/L, with a sensitivity of 80.7% and a specificity of 52.2%. The best cut-off point (non-complicated vs complicated PAA) resulted in 1.1 mmol/L, with a sensitivity of 61.1% and a specificity of 76.9%.

Conclusions
This study found significantly higher levels of CK in patients with PAA than in those with NSAP. Similarly, significantly higher levels were observed in patients with complicated than in those with uncomplicated PAA. Nevertheless, the diagnostic performance of CK was only moderate in the two settings analyzed. The potential usefulness of CK determination as a tool to guide the preoperative rehydration regimen of patients with PAA to prevent postoperative hyporexia and vomiting is a promising line of research and should be evaluated in future studies.
Entropy rate of product of independent processes
Authors: Kułaga-Przymus Joanna , Lemańczyk Michał D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe study the multiplicative version of the classical Furstenberg’s filtering problem, where instead of the sum$$\textbf{X}+\textbf{Y}$$X+Yone considers the product$$\textbf{X}\cdot \textbf{Y}$$X·Y($$\textbf{X}$$Xand$$\textbf{Y}$$Yare bilateral, real, finitely-valued, stationary independent processes,$$\textbf{Y}$$Yis taking values in$$\{0,1\}$${0,1}). We provide formulas for$${\textbf{H}}\,(\textbf{X}\cdot \textbf{Y}\,\,|\,\,\textbf{Y})$$H(X·Y|Y). As a consequence, we show that if$${\textbf{H}}\,({\textbf{X}})>{\textbf{H}}\,({\textbf{Y}})=0$$H(X)>H(Y)=0and$$\textbf{X}\amalg \textbf{Y}$$X⨿Y, then$$\textbf{H}\,(\textbf{X}\cdot \textbf{Y})<{\textbf{H}}\,({\textbf{X}})$$H(X·Y)<H(X)(and thus$$\textbf{X}$$Xcannot be filtered out from$$\textbf{X}\cdot \textbf{Y}$$X·Y) whenever$$\textbf{X}$$Xis not bilaterally deterministic,$$\textbf{Y}$$Yis ergodic and$$\textbf{Y}$$Yfirst return to 1 can take arbitrarily long with positive probability. On the other hand, if almost surely$$\textbf{Y}$$Yvisits 1 along an infinite arithmetic progression of a fixed difference (with possibly some more visits in between) then we can find$$\textbf{X}$$Xthat is not bilaterally deterministic and such that$${\textbf{H}}\,(\textbf{X}\cdot \textbf{Y})={\textbf{H}}\,({\textbf{X}})$$H(X·Y)=H(X). As a consequence, a$${\mathscr {B}}$$B-free system$$(X_\eta ,S)$$(Xη,S)is proximal if and only if there is always an entropy drop$$h(\kappa *\nu _\eta )<h(\kappa )$$h(κ∗νη)<h(κ)for any$$\kappa $$κcorresponding to a non-bilaterally deterministic process of positive entropy. These results partly settle some open problems on invariant measures for$${\mathscr {B}}$$B-free systems.
Climate change impacts on winter chill in Mediterranean temperate fruit orchards
Authors: Fernandez Eduardo , Mojahid Hajar , Fadón Erica , Rodrigo Javier , Ruiz David , Egea Jose A. , Ben Mimoun Mehdi , Kodad Ossama , El Yaacoubi Adnane , Ghrab Mohamed , Egea José , Benmoussa Haïfa , Borgini Nadia , Elloumi Olfa , Luedeling Eike 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Temperate trees require low temperatures during winter and subsequent warm conditions in early spring to flower and eventually bear fruit. Many parts of the Mediterranean region feature winters with low and sometimes marginal chill accumulation. To assess historic and future agroclimatic conditions for cultivating temperate trees (including almonds, pistachios, apricots, sweet cherries and apples), we mapped winter chill throughout this important growing region. We used on-site weather records (1974–2020) to calibrate a weather generator and produced data for historic and future scenarios. To broaden our analysis, we spatially interpolated chill for the whole Mediterranean basin. We supplemented our simulation outcomes by collecting expert knowledge (from farmers and researchers) regarding observed climate change impacts on temperate orchards as well as future risks and concerns generated by climate change. Results showed that northern African growing regions have experienced major chill losses, a likely cause of the irregular and delayed bloom highlighted by experts. The same regions, together with southern Europe, may lose up to 30 Chill Portions by 2050 under a moderate warming scenario. For the future, experts foresee increasing risk of spring frost in early-blooming cultivars, exacerbated bloom-related problems and increasing occurrence of heat waves. Our results provide evidence of likely climate change impacts on temperate orchards. Expert knowledge proved instrumental in interpreting the simulation results as well as in orienting climate change adaptation strategies. The results we present are useful for farmers and orchard managers planning new plantings, as well as for researchers and policy makers developing strategies to adapt fruit orchards to the impacts of climate change.
Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in technology acceptance models: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jan Jeffy , Alshare Khaled A. , Lane Peggy L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper employs a quantitative meta-analysis to investigate the direct, moderating, and mediating role of cultural dimensions in technology acceptance models. A comprehensive literature review of hypothesized relationships of technology acceptance models with cultural dimensions as direct, moderating, and mediating factors found in articles published from 1989 to 2019 is included. Results of reviewed research studies are analyzed, and a parsimonious model is developed based on the ‘best predictors’ as identified by the meta-analysis approach.