bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Porous g-C₃N₄ and Its Application as Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation
Authors: Yuhaneka Grace , Rozafia Ade Irma , Utomo Wahyu Prasetyo , Iryani Ani , Hartanto Djoko 
Published: October 2022

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a photocatalyst possessing a unique layered structure, remarkable thermal and chemical stability, and tunable bandgap. However, the bulk g-C3N4 has limited active sites and fast electron-holes recombination. In this work, we prepared porous g-C3N4 with an enhanced photoactivity toward methylene blue (MB) degradation. The porous g-C3N4 were prepared from melamine with addition of various amount of citric acid as a pore-forming agent (0.0 mmole, 0.1 mmole, 0.2 mmole, and 0.3 mmole; assigned as g-C3N4-0, g-C3N4-1, g-C3N4-2, and g-C3N4-3, respectively). The structural and morphologycal properties of the samples were analyzed using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and N2 sorption. The optical property was analyzed using UV-vis diffuse reflectance and photoluminesence spectroscopy. While the electronic conductivity was analyzed using Mott-Schottky analysis and electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The photocatalytic test revealed that g-C3N4-2 exhibited the highest MB degradation rate (k=0.0090 min-1), while the bulk g-C3N4-0 showed the lowest rate (k=0.0068 min-1). The g-C3N4-2 possesed relatively smaller crystallite size (~43.5 nm) and a larger surface area (13.975 m2 g-1) compared to the bulk g-C3N4-0 (crystallite size: 46.9 nm; surface area: 9.163 m2 g-1). The optical property and charge carrier transfer analysis also revealed that the g-C3N4-2 possessed more efficient charge carrier transfer, which suppress the charge recombination. The combination between a larger surface area and more efficient charge carrier transfer contributes to the enhanced photocatalytic activity of porous g-C3N4 toward MB degradation.
A Comparative Study of Entropy Generation Analysis Through Cartesian and Cylindrical Annulus Geometries
Authors: Sakly Abir , Mahjoub Said Nejla 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research paper presents a comparative study dealing with entropy generation analysis in Cartesian and cylindrical annulus geometries. This numerical investigation involves heat and mass transfer coupled with forced convection and gas radiation in a semitransparent medium during the evaporation of a thin liquid film. The systems of equations are solved with interfacial and boundary conditions using an implicit finite volume method by the tridiagonal matrix algorithm method. The radiative transfer equation (RTE) was solved by the Ray tracing model. The statistical narrow band correlated-K model with the updated model parameters was applied to calculate the gas transmissivity. The main intent of this paper is to compare the entropy generation components in two different configurations. The result shows that the entropy generation related to heat and mass transfer in the channel is higher than that estimated for the cylindrical annulus. Regarding optimal design selection, the entropy generation analysis, detailed in this paper, suggests a preference for the cylindrical annulus geometry. Our results may guide designers to select from the studied configuration.
A Simple Correlation for Horizontal Microfin Tube Convective Boiling
Authors: Kedzierski M. A. , Lin L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a simple correlation containing nine dimensionless parameters to predict the local convective boiling heat transfer within a microfin tube that was developed from a dataset that included a wide range of refrigerants, flow conditions, and hydraulic diameters. Flow boiling measurements from 36 studies were gathered to produce a dataset containing 29 refrigerants and 15 different hydraulic diameters ranging from 1.8 mm to 6.7 mm. The database was adjusted so that the definition of the Nusselt number, the Reynolds number, the heat flux, and heat transfer coefficient were all defined in the same way for each study. In addition, values for the most recent fluid properties were used for the calculation of dimensionless parameters that were used in the new correlation. The new correlation for microfin convective boiling predicted the measurements from the database to within ±10.3% for pure-refrigerants and azeotropic mixtures and ±12.3% for zeotropic mixtures.
Detection of the Onset of Trip Symptoms Embedded in Gas Turbine Operating Data
Authors: Losi Enzo , Venturini Mauro , Manservigi Lucrezia , Bechini Giovanni 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the most disrupting events that affect gas turbine (GT) operation is trip, since its occurrence reduces machine life span and also causes business interruption. Thus, early detection of incipient symptoms of GT trip is crucial to ensure efficient operation and save costs. This paper presents a data-driven methodology of which the goal is the disclosure of the onset of trip symptoms by exploring multiple trigger scenarios. For each scenario, a time window of the same length is considered before and after the trigger time point: the former is supposed to be representative of normal operation and is labeled “no trip,” whereas the latter is labeled “trip.” A long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is first trained for each scenario and subsequently tested on new trips over a timeframe of 3 days of operation before trip occurrence. Finally, trips are clustered into homogeneous groups according to their most likely trigger position, which identifies the time point of onset of trip symptoms. The methodology is applied to two real-world case studies composed of a collection of trips, of which the causes are different, taken from various fleets of GTs in operation. Data collected from multiple sensors are employed and analyzed. The methodology provides the most likely trigger position for four clusters of trips and both case studies with a confidence in the range 66–97%.
Effects of Preheating on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Thin Low Carbon Steel Joints
Authors: Yamani Seyed Mehrdad , Raja Sufian , bin Ariffin Mohammad Ashraf , Mohd Isa Mohammad Syahid , Muhamad Mohd Ridha , Jamaludin Mohd Fadzil , Yusof Farazila , bin Ahmad Hairuddin Muhammad Khairi Faiz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Friction stir welding of a low carbon thin steel plate was performed with preheating the base material to increase the joining performance. The rotational speed of the tool was set from 1500 to 2000 rpm with a constant travel speed of 15 mm/min and preheating temperature of 50 to 150 °C. The tensile strength of 340 MPa was achieved for the preheated specimen compared with 310 MPa for the non-preheating specimen at the welding speed of 15 mm/min. Electron microscopic images of the preheated joint revealed a remarkable plasticized material flow and dynamic recrystallization, which resulted in the grain refinement that had increased the joining strength. The weld thinning issue was almost eliminated in the preheated welded specimen. However, by increasing the preheat temperature further, the tensile strength decreases due to the formation of defects from excessive heat. The preheated sample fractured at the base metal, revealing a ductile fracture mode.
Oblique Wave Diffraction by a Bottom-Standing Thick Barrier and a Pair of Partially Immersed Barriers
Authors: Sarkar Biman , De Soumen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
On the basis of the linearized theory of water waves, the present study has demonstrated a semi-analytical method to assess the hydrodynamic performance of a pair of partially immersed barriers just above a thick bottom-standing barrier. By means of the eigenfunction expansion method, a system of the first kind Fredholm-type integral equation involving a horizontal component of velocity as unknown functions is developed for the interaction of water waves with both types of barriers. The multiterm Galerkin approximation is adopted to determine these unknown functions having square root singularities at the submerged edge of the thin barriers and one-third singularities at the corners of the thick barrier. In order to overcome such types of singularities, Chebychev polynomials for half-singularities and ultra-spherical Gegenbauer polynomials for one-third singularities with suitable weight functions have been taken into consideration. The numerical examples of both reflection and transmission coefficients are presented to examine the hydrodynamic performance of breakwater. Some fascinating results like resonant frequencies are obtained for practical engineering. At the same time, reflection coefficients for the present breakwater agree reasonably for the limiting cases with the previously available results.
Predicting Vertical Daylight Illuminance Data From Measured Solar Irradiance: A Machine Learning-Based Luminous Efficacy Approach
Authors: Li Danny Hin Wa , Aghimien Emmanuel Imuetinyan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Daylight data are required for energy-efficient building designs. However, daylight is scarcely measured, making the luminous efficacy model an alternative. This paper presents a method for modeling vertical luminous efficacy (Kvg) using measured data from measuring stations in Hong Kong. The artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), and empirical correlations were proposed for modeling Kvg. Machine learning (ML) models like ANN and SVM were used because they offer more accurate daylight predictions and ease in explaining complex relationships between atmospheric variables. Also, ML was explored since it has not been used in earlier vertical luminous efficacy studies. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to determine the relative importance of input variables used for developing the proposed models. Findings show that scattering angle and diffuse fraction are crucial variables in vertical luminous efficacy modeling. Furthermore, when all proposed models were used to predict vertical daylight, it was observed that the peak relative root mean square error (%RMSE) was less than 18.6%. The obtained %RMSE showed that all models provided acceptable performance when evaluated against the measured daylight data. Finally, the findings also showed that the ANN models outperformed the SVM and empirical models.
The Finite Segment Method—A Numerical Rolling Contact Fatigue Life Model for Bearings Subjected to Stochastic Operating Conditions
Authors: Menck Oliver 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fatigue life calculation in bearings is an issue that has been the focus of decades of research culminating in national and international standards that are easily applicable to a wide variety of applications. However, almost all research has focused on simple, repetitive operating conditions. This paper explains why these approaches are not completely applicable to bearings under certain conditions, particularly not to those with a change in the load position over time undergoing inconstant movement. Based on existing standards, namely ISO 281, the paper then proposes a numerical approach to calculate the life of a bearing under stochastic operating conditions. The bearing life for any arbitrary load history and movement patterns can be calculated using the presented approach. The approach is presented and some example applications are given, notably including the life calculation of a rotor blade bearing in a wind turbine.
Transformation of eastern North America from compression to extension in the Permian–Triassic
Authors: Ma* Chong , Hames Willis E. , Foster David A. , Xiao Wenjiao , Mueller Paul A. , Steltenpohl Mark G. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe record of Permian–Triassic evolution in eastern North America indicates an important change in the tectonic regime from compression to extension as eastern Laurentia transitioned from the Alleghanian orogeny to continental rifting associated with the breakup of Pangea. The temporal pace (e.g., gradual vs. episodic, diachronous vs. synchronous), the accommodating structures, and the influential processes that characterized this transition provide critical insights into the late Paleozoic evolution of Laurentia and rifted continental margins in general. Connections between the formation of the South Georgia basin and regional cooling of the southernmost Appalachian crystalline rocks, along with the distribution of normal faults and discontinuities in metamorphic grade, indicate extensional collapse of the Alleghanian orogen along an extensive detachment system that was active from ca. 295 to 240 Ma. The 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages of biotites from low-angle normal shear zones cutting migmatitic gneisses of the southernmost Appalachians are interpreted to document extensional faulting ca. 280 Ma and to provide a snapshot of the prolonged orogenic collapse. The timing, orientation of structures, extent of reactivation, and character of late Alleghanian extension in the central and northern Appalachians provide an orogen-scale framework for this tectonic transition. This contribution focuses on correlations between the beginning of orogenic collapse and the initiation of continental rifting along with the tectonic processes that transformed eastern North America from a convergent to divergent plate boundary following the Alleghanian orogeny.
Factors influencing healthcare-seeking behaviour among Muslims from Southeast Asian countries (Indonesia and Malaysia) living in Japan: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Kohno Ayako , Dahlui Maznah , Koh David , Dhamanti Inge , Rahman Hanif , Nakayama Takeo 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo identify factors influencing healthcare-seeking behaviours and to explore issues with healthcare experiences of Muslims from Southeast Asian countries (Indonesia and Malaysia) living in Japan.DesignQualitative study.SettingKansai area of Japan (Kyoto, Osaka, Hyogo and Nara prefectures).ParticipantsForty-five Muslims in Japan from Southeast Asian countries (Indonesia and Malaysia).MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted by trained interviewers who are Muslims living in Japan. Interviews were conducted in Indonesian and Malaysian languages and transcribed and translated into English. The data were thematically analysed.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) trying to comply with the recommendations of Islam, (2) confusion about healthcare system, (3) improvising an informal support system and (4) language barrier problems.ConclusionMuslims in Japan have some issues when obtaining healthcare services mainly because of communication issues besides the conflicts to meet their religious obligations. Education and awareness building for the Muslim patients in Japan as well as Japanese healthcare providers are needed to allow smooth communication between Japanese healthcare providers and Muslim patients in Japan.
Effectiveness of weight loss interventions in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of reviews
Authors: Lake Blossom , Damery Sarah , Jolly Kate 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundElevated body mass index (BMI) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) is associated with cancer recurrence and poorer treatment response. Guidelines recommend 5%–10% weight loss for overweight or obese BCS.ObjectivesTo assess effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for female BCS on weight loss, BMI, body composition, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical functioning, psychosocial measures, biomarkers.DesignSystematic review of reviews and meta-analyses.SettingAll clinical settings.ParticipantsAdult female BCS (active treatment or post-treatment).MethodsMedline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library (including Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects) were searched for systematic reviews published in English between 1990 and 2022, with weight, BMI or body fat as primary outcome. Narrative reviews, editorials, letters, conference abstracts were excluded. Review quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool.Results17 reviews were included. Twelve reported significant reductions in one or more anthropometric outcomes: weight −1.36 kg (95% CI:−2.51 to −0.21) to −3.8 kg (95% CI: −5.6 to −1.9); BMI −0.89 kg/m2(95% CI: −0.15 to −0.28) to −3.59 kg/m2(95% CI: −6.29 to 0.89) or body fat −1.6% (95% CI: −2.31 to −0.88) to −2.6% (95% CI not reported). Significant reductions in two or more anthropometric outcomes were reported in 7/12 reviews, with effective interventions comprising aerobic exercise/aerobic exercise plus resistance training (n=5), or diet and exercise with or without counselling (n=2). Significant improvements were also reported for HRQoL (8/11 reviews), mental health (4/7) and physical functioning (2/3). Group interventions comprising aerobic exercise or aerobic exercise plus resistance training were most likely to improve outcomes.ConclusionsLifestyle interventions can significantly improve outcomes for BCS. Multimodal interventions are likely to have the greatest impact in reducing weight, BMI and body fat. Further research must define the optimal combination, intensity and duration of effective interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021283481.
Pharmacist direct dispensing of mifepristone for medication abortion in Canada: a survey of community pharmacists
Authors: Zusman Enav Z , Munro Sarah , Norman Wendy V , Soon Judith A 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionPharmacists were acknowledged as the most appropriate healthcare professional to dispense mifepristone for medication abortion shortly after the prescription therapy became available in January 2017 in Canada.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify the facilitators and barriers for successful initiation and ongoing dispensing of mifepristone among community pharmacists across Canada.Study designWe surveyed community pharmacists from urban/rural practice settings across Canada by recruiting from January 2017 to January 2019 through pharmacist organisations, professional networks, at mifepristone training courses and at professional conferences. The Diffusion of Innovations theory informed the study design, thematic analysis and interpretation of findings. We summarised categorical data using counts and proportions, χ2 tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum and proportional odds logistic regression.ResultsOf the 433 responses from dispensing community pharmacists across 10/13 Canadian provinces and territories, 93.1% indicated they were willing and ready to dispense mifepristone. Key facilitators were access to a private consultation setting (91.4%), the motivation to increase accessibility for patients (87.5%) and to reduce pressure on the healthcare system (75.3%). The cost of the mifepristone/misoprostol product was an initial barrier, subsequently resolved by universal government subsidy. A few pharmacists mentioned liability, lack of prescribers or inadequate stock as barriers.ConclusionsPharmacist respondents from across Canada reported being able and willing to dispense mifepristone and rarely mentioned barriers to stocking/dispensing the medication in the community pharmacy setting. The removal of initial regulatory obstacles to directly dispense mifepristone to patients facilitated the provision of medication abortion in the primary care setting.
What drives cancer clinical trial accrual? An empirical analysis of studies leading to FDA authorisation (2015–2020)
Authors: Jenei Kristina , Haslam Alyson , Olivier Timothée , Miljkovíc Milos , Prasad Vinay 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo examine factors associated with accrual rate in industry sponsored clinical trials supporting US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cancer drug approvals from 2015 to 2020.Design, setting and participantsRetrospective cross-sectional study included 194 pivotal trials supporting cancer drug approvals by the US FDA from 2015 to 2020.InterventionsClinical trials were analysed for the type of blinding, primary endpoint, whether crossover was specified in the publication, study phase, line of therapy, response rate, investigational sites, manufacturer and randomisation ratio.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome was the rate of accrual, which is the number of patients accrued in the study per open month of enrolment.ResultsThe study consisted of 133 randomised (68%) and 61 (32%) non-randomised clinical trials. In randomised studies, we found the accrual rate was higher in trials investigating first and second line drugs (adjusted rate ratios (aRR): 1.55, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.09), phase III trials (aRR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.99), and for studies sponsored by Merck (aRR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.37), adjusting for other covariates. In contrast, the primary endpoint of a study, presence of crossover, single agent response rate, the number of investigational sites, population disease burden and skewed randomisation ratios were not associated with the rate of accrual. In the non-randomised adjusted model, the accrual rate was 2.03 higher (95% CI 1.10 to 3.92) for clinical trials sponsored by manufacturer, specifically Merck. Primary endpoint, crossover, trial phase, response rate, the number of investigational sites, disease burden or line of therapy were not associated with the rate of accrual.ConclusionIn this cross-sectional study, line of therapy, study phase and manufacturer were the only factors associated with accrual rate. These findings suggest many proffered factors for speedy trial accrual are not associated with greater enrolment rates.
Flow cytometry lyophilised-reagent tube for quantifying peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression in myelodysplastic syndromes (MPO-MDS-Develop): protocol for a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Raskovalova Tatiana , Scheffen Laura , Jacob Marie-Christine , Chevalier Simon , Tondeur Sylvie , Bulabois Bénédicte , Meunier Mathieu , Szymanski Gautier , Lefebvre Christine , Planta Charlotte , Dumestre-Perard Chantal , Gonnet Nicolas , Garban Frédéric , Merle Raymond , Park Sophie , Labarère José 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionSuspicion of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is the most common reason for bone marrow aspirate in elderly patients. Peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression quantified by flow cytometric analysis might rule out MDS for up to 35% of patients referred for suspected disease, without requiring bone marrow aspiration. Yet laboratory-developed liquid antibody cocktails have practical limitations, because of lack of standardisation and poor stability. This research project aims to estimate the level of agreement and comparative accuracy between a single-use flow cytometry tube of lyophilised reagents (BD Lyotube Stain 468) and its laboratory-developed liquid reagent counterpart in quantifying peripheral blood neutrophil myeloperoxidase expression, among adult patients referred for suspected MDS.Methods and analysisThe MPO-MDS-Develop project is a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study of two index tests by comparison with a reference standard in consecutive unselected adult patients conducted at a single university hospital. Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood samples will be performed by independent operators blinded to the reference diagnosis, using either Lyotube Stain 468 or laboratory-developed liquid reagent cocktail. The reference diagnosis of MDS will be established by cytomorphological evaluation of bone marrow aspirate by two independent haematopathologists blinded to the index test results. Morphologic assessment will be complemented by bone marrow flow cytometric score, karyotype and targeted next-generation sequencing panel of 43 genes, where relevant. The target sample size is 103 patients.Ethics and disseminationAn institutional review board (Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud Est III, Lyon, France) approved the protocol prior to study initiation (reference number: 2020-028-B). Participants will be recruited using an opt-out approach. Efforts will be made to release the primary results within 6 months of study completion.Trial registration numberNCT04399018.