bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a new alginate-fibrinogen biomaterial composite hydrogel for wound healing
Authors: Soleimanpour Marjan , Mirhaji Samaneh Sadat , Jafari Samira , Derakhshankhah Hossein , Mamashli Fatemeh , Nedaei Hadi , Karimi Mohammad Reza , Motasadizadeh Hamidreza , Fatahi Yousef , Ghasemi Atiyeh , Nezamtaheri Maryam Sadat , Khajezade Mohadese , Teimouri Masoumeh , Goliaei Bahram , Delattre Cédric , Saboury Ali Akbar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWound healing is a complex process and rapid healing necessitates a proper micro-environment. Therefore, design and fabrication of an efficacious wound dressing is an impressive innovation in the field of wound healing. The fabricated wound dressing in this scenario was designed using a combination of the appropriate coagulating and anti-bacterial materials like fibrinogen (as coagulating agent), nisin (as anti-bacterial agent), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (as anti-bacterial agent), and alginate (as wound healing agent). Biophysical characterization showed that the interaction of fibrinogen and alginate was associated with minor changes in the secondary structure of the protein. Conformational studies showed that the protein was structurally stable at 42 °C, is the maximum temperature of the infected wound. The properties of the hydrogel such as swelling, mechanical resistance, nisin release, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, gel porosity, and blood coagulation were assessed. The results showed a slow release for the nisin during 48 h. Antibacterial studies showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The hydrogel was also capable to absorb a considerable amount of water and provide oxygenation as well as incorporation of the drug into its structure due to its sufficient porosity. Scanning electron microscopy showed pore sizes of about 14–198 µm in the hydrogel. Cell viability studies indicated high biocompatibility of the hydrogel. Blood coagulation test also confirmed the effectiveness of the synthesized hydrogel in accelerating the process of blood clot formation. In vivo studies showed higher rates of wound healing, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition. According to the findings from in vitro as well as in vivo studies, the designed hydrogel can be considered as a novel attractive wound dressing after further prerequisite assessments.
Short pulse and directional thalamic deep brain stimulation have differential effects in parkinsonian and essential tremor
Authors: Hidding Ute , Schaper Miriam , Gulberti Alessandro , Buhmann Carsten , Gerloff Christian , Moll Christian K. E. , Hamel Wolfgang , Choe Chi-un , Pötter-Nerger Monika 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of novel stimulation algorithms of deep brain stimulation (short pulse and directional stimulation) in the ventrointermediate thalamus and posterior subthalamic area (VIM/PSA-DBS) on tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to compare the effects with those in essential tremor (ET). We recruited six PD patients (70.8 ± 10.4 years) and seven ET patients (64.4 ± 9.9 years) with implanted VIM/PSA-DBS in a stable treatment condition (> 3 months postoperatively). Tremor severity and ataxia were assessed in four different stimulation conditions in a randomized order: DBS switched off (STIM OFF), omnidirectional stimulation with 60 µs (oDBS60), omnidirectional stimulation with 30 µs (oDBS30), directional stimulation at the best segment with 60 µs (dDBS60). In both patient groups, all three DBS stimulation modes reduced the total tremor score compared to STIM OFF, whereas stimulation-induced ataxia was reduced by oDBS30 and partially by dDBS60 compared to oDBS60. Tremor reduction was more pronounced in PD than in ET due to a limited DBS effect on intention and action-specific drawing tremor in ET. In PD and ET tremor, short pulse or directional VIM/PSA-DBS is an effective and well tolerated therapeutic option.Trial registration: The study was registered in the DRKS (ID DRKS00025329, 18.05.2021, German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS—Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien).
Risk factors for antibiotic-resistant bacteria colonisation in children with chronic complex conditions
Authors: Agud Martin , de Medrano Ines , Mendez-Echevarria Ana , Sainz Talia , Román Federico , Ruiz Carrascoso Guillermo , Escosa-Garcia Luis , Molina Amores Clara , Climent Francisco José , Rodríguez Aroa , Garcia-Fernandez de Villalta Marta , Calvo Cristina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo assess drug-resistant bacterial colonisation rates and associated risk factors in children with complex chronic conditions admitted to a national reference unit in Spain. Cross-sectional study that included all children admitted to our unit from September 2018 to July 2019. Rectal swabs were obtained to determine multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MR-GNB) colonisation, and nasal swab to determine S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) colonisation. Medical records were reviewed. 100 children were included, with a median of four complex chronic conditions. Sixteen percent had S. aureus colonisation, including two MRSA. S. aureus colonisation was associated with technology-dependent children, while being on antibiotic prophylaxis or having undergone antibiotic therapy in the previous month were protective factors. The prevalence of MR-GNB colonisation was 27%, which was associated with immunosuppressive therapy (aOR 31; 2.02–47]; p = 0.01), antibiotic prophylaxis (aOR 4.56; 1.4–14.86; p = 0.012), previously treated skin-infections (aOR 2.9; 1.07–8.14; p = 0.03), surgery in the previous year (aOR 1.4; 1.06–1.8; p = 0.014), and hospital admission in the previous year (aOR 1.79; [1.26–2.56]; p = 0.001). The rate of S. aureus nasal colonisation in this series was not high despite the presence of chronic conditions, and few cases corresponded to MRSA. Antibiotic prophylaxis, immunosuppressive therapies, history of infections, previous surgeries, and length of admission in the previous year were risk factors for MR-GNB colonisation.
Association of X-linked TLR-7 gene polymorphism with the risk of knee osteoarthritis: a case–control study
Authors: Xi Xutao , Mehmood Arshad , Niu Pengyan , Yang Jinjie , Wang Yintian , Zhou Heyu , Han Xiaohui , Ma Lifen , Jin Shiying , Wu Yinxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent type of OA, and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) may lead to the pathogenesis of OA. Recently, X-linked TLR7 polymorphism has been confirmed to be associated with arthritis. However, there is a lack of studies on TLR7 gene polymorphism associated with knee OA susceptibility. The current study aimed to determine whether TLR7 gene polymorphism is associated with the risk of knee OA. Genotyping of two polymorphic sites (rs3853839 and rs179010) in the TLR7 gene was performed in 252 OA patients, and 265 healthy controls using the SNaPshot sequencing technique. Data were analyzed statistically by Chi-square tests and logistic regression. Rs3853839-C allele showed frequencies of 28% and 27% in the healthy control and female knee OA groups, respectively. The differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The rs3853839-CG genotype frequency was significantly lower in the female knee OA group as compared to the healthy control group (OR 0.60; 95%CI 0.36–0.99; P = 0.044). In the male hemizygote population, the rs3853839-CC showed significantly lower frequencies in the male knee OA group as compared to the healthy control group (OR 0.35; 95%CI 0.17–0.71; P = 0.0025). Regarding rs179010, there were no differences in the genotype distribution and allele frequencies between OA patients and healthy subjects under any models (P > 0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the frequency of the rs3853839-CG genotypes was lower in high Kellgren-Lawrence grades (KLG) (OR 0.48; 95%CI 0.21–1.08; P = 0.066), and significantly lower in OA patients with effusion synovitis (OR 0.38; 95%CI 0.17–0.88; P = 0.013). TLR7 rs3853839 polymorphism may play a role in the susceptibility of knee OA in the Chinese Han Population and may be associated with OA severity and the risk of effusion synovitis in Knee OA.
TELEMAC modelling of the influence of the Poyang Lake Hydraulic Project on the habitat of Vallisneria natans
Authors: Xiao Yang , Wang Zixuan , Zhang Taotao , Liang Dongfang , Gu Ran , Yuan Kang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Poyang Lake Hydraulic Project (PLHP) has been proposed to address the water resource shortage and hydro-environment deterioration in Poyang Lake. This proposal has raised concerns over the possible changes to the habitat of aquatic organisms. Vallisneria natans is a main food source for the Siberian Crane, an indicator species for migratory birds in Poyang Lake. In this study, the influence of the PLHP on the habitat suitability of Vallisneria natans is predicted based on a hydrodynamic model and the growth characteristics of Vallisneria natans. The results show that the effect of the PLHP varies greatly in different typical years. The mean monthly habitat area of Vallisneria natans can increase by up to 191% in a low-water-level year, 145% in a medium-water-level year, yet only 18% in a high-water-level year. The habitat area can reach more than 1000 km2 during most of September and October, nearly 1/3 of the total area of the lake region. It indicates that Vallisneria natans will gain large areas of land suitable for its growth, and provide abundant food sources for Siberian Crane during winter. These findings can be helpful to evaluate the ecological benefits of the regulatory schemes of the PLHP.
Cysteine metabolic engineering and selective disulfide reduction produce superior antibody-drug-conjugates
Authors: Procopio-Melino Renée , Kotch Frank W. , Prashad Amar S. , Gomes Jose M. , Wang Wenge , Arve Bo , Dawdy Andrew , Chen Lawrence , Sperry Justin , Hosselet Christine , He Tao , Kriz Ronald , Lin Laura , Marquette Kimberly , Tchistiakova Lioudmila , Somers Will , Rouse Jason C. , Zhong Xiaotian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNext-generation site-specific cysteine-based antibody–drug-conjugates (ADCs) broaden therapeutic index by precise drug-antibody attachments. However, manufacturing such ADCs for clinical validation requires complex full reduction and reoxidation processes, impacting product quality. To overcome this technical challenge, we developed a novel antibody manufacturing process through cysteine (Cys) metabolic engineering in Chinese hamster ovary cells implementing a unique cysteine-capping technology. This development enabled a direct conjugation of drugs after chemoselective-reduction with mild reductant tris(3-sulfonatophenyl)phosphine. This innovative platform produces clinical ADC products with superior quality through a simplified manufacturing process. This technology also has the potential to integrate Cys-based site-specific conjugation with other site-specific conjugation methodologies to develop multi-drug ADCs and exploit multi-mechanisms of action for effective cancer treatments.
Immunogenetic clustering of 30 cancers
Authors: James Lisa M. , Georgopoulos Apostolos P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes have been implicated in cancer risk and shared heritability of different types of cancer. In this immunogenetic epidemiological study we first computed a Cancer-HLA profile for 30 cancer types characterized by the correlation between the prevalence of each cancer and the population frequency of 127 HLA alleles, and then used multidimensional scaling to evaluate the possible clustering of those Cancer-HLA associations. The results indicated the presence of three clusters, broadly reflecting digestive-skin-cervical cancers, reproductive and endocrine systems cancers, and brain and androgen-associated cancers. The clustering of cancer types documented here is discussed in terms of mechanisms underlying shared Cancer-HLA associations.
Effect of Passiflora setacea juice and its phenolic metabolites on insulin resistance markers in overweight individuals and on microglial cell activity
Authors: Duarte Isabella , de Souza Maria Carolina Miranda , Curinga Rafaela Moura , Mendonça Henrique Matos , de Lacerda de Oliveira Livia , Milenkovic Dragan , Hassimotto Neuza Mariko Aymoto , Costa Ana Maria , Malaquias Juaci Vitorio , dos Santos Borges Tatiana Karla 
Published: May 2022

Passiflora setacea (PS), a fruit from the Brazilian biodiversity rich in polyphenols. PS juice reduced insulin, IL-6 levels and HOMA IR in humans. And its phenolic metabolites increased activity of PPAR-γ in BV-2 cells.
Alkynyl-induced construction of stereodefined polysubstituted conjugated enynes via Pd-catalyzed allylic arylations
Authors: Liu Teng , Liu Yin , Guo Wusheng 
Published: May 2022

The alkynyl-induced construction of polysubstituted conjugated enynes with exclusive (Z)-configurations via Pd-catalyzed allylic arylations is described.
Inflammation and serotonin deficiency in major depressive disorder: molecular docking of antidepressant and anti-inflammatory drugs to tryptophan and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases
Authors: Dawood Shazia , Bano Samina , Badawy Abdulla A.-B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The roles of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan (Trp) degradation in serotonin deficiency in major depressive disorder (MDD) and the associated inflammatory state are considered in the present study. Using molecular docking in silico, we demonstrate binding of antidepressants to the crystal structure of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) but not to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). TDO is inhibited by a wide range of antidepressant drugs. The rapidly acting antidepressant ketamine does not dock to either enzyme but may act by inhibiting kynurenine monooxygenase thereby antagonising glutamatergic activation to normalise serotonin function. Antidepressants with anti-inflammatory properties are unlikely to act by direct inhibition of IDO but may inhibit IDO induction by lowering levels of proinflammatory cytokines in immune-activated patients. Of six anti-inflammatory drugs tested, only salicylate docks strongly to TDO and apart from celecoxib, the other five dock to IDO. TDO inhibition remains the major common property of antidepressants and TDO induction the most likely mechanism of defective serotonin synthesis in MDD. TDO inhibition and increased free Trp availability by salicylate may underpin the antidepressant effect of aspirin and distinguish it from other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The controversial findings with IDO in MDD patients with an inflammatory state can be explained by IDO induction being overridden by changes in subsequent KP enzymes influencing glutamatergic function. The pathophysiology of MDD may be underpinned by the interaction of serotonergic and glutamatergic activities.
MELD-Na Score as a Predictor of Postoperative Complications in Ventral Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Flanagan Liam S. , Choi Chris B. , Shah Vraj P. , Shah Aakash D. , Parray Aksha , Grube Jordon G. , Fang Christina H. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective The Model for End-stage Liver Disease-Sodium (MELD-Na) score was designed for prognosis of chronic liver disease and has been predictive of outcomes in a variety of procedures. Few studies have investigated its utility in otolaryngology. This study uses the MELD-Na score to investigate the association between liver health and ventral skull base surgical complications.
Methods The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify patients who underwent ventral skull base procedures between 2005 and 2015. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between elevated MELD-Na score and postoperative complications.
Results We identified 1,077 patients undergoing ventral skull base surgery with laboratory values required to calculate the MELD-Na score. The mean age was 54.2 years. The mean MELD-Na score was 7.70 (standard deviation = 2.04). Univariate analysis showed that elevated MELD-Na score was significantly associated with increased age (58.6 vs 53.8 years) and male gender (70.8 vs 46.1%). Elevated MELD-Na score was associated with increased rates of postoperative acute renal failure, transfusion, septic shock, surgical complications, and extended length of hospital stay. On multivariate analysis, associations between elevated MELD-Na and increased risk of perioperative transfusions (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.93; p = 0.007) and surgical complications (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.25–2.35; p = 0.009) remained significant.
Conclusions This analysis points to an association between liver health and postoperative complications in ventral skull base surgery. Future research investigating this association is warranted.
Monitoring Approaches for a Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Machine Learning Model
Authors: Morse Keith E. , Brown Conner , Fleming Scott , Todd Irene , Powell Austin , Russell Alton , Scheinker David , Sutherland Scott M. , Lu Jonathan , Watkins Brendan , Shah Nigam H. , Pageler Natalie M. , Palma Jonathan P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of three metrics to monitor for a reduction in performance of a chronic kidney disease (CKD) model deployed at a pediatric hospital.
Methods The CKD risk model estimates a patient's risk of developing CKD 3 to 12 months following an inpatient admission. The model was developed on a retrospective dataset of 4,879 admissions from 2014 to 2018, then run silently on 1,270 admissions from April to October, 2019. Three metrics were used to monitor its performance during the silent phase: (1) standardized mean differences (SMDs); (2) performance of a “membership model”; and (3) response distribution analysis. Observed patient outcomes for the 1,270 admissions were used to calculate prospective model performance and the ability of the three metrics to detect performance changes.
Results The deployed model had an area under the receiver-operator curve (AUROC) of 0.63 in the prospective evaluation, which was a significant decrease from an AUROC of 0.76 on retrospective data (p = 0.033). Among the three metrics, SMDs were significantly different for 66/75 (88%) of the model's input variables (p <0.05) between retrospective and deployment data. The membership model was able to discriminate between the two settings (AUROC = 0.71, p <0.0001) and the response distributions were significantly different (p <0.0001) for the two settings.
Conclusion This study suggests that the three metrics examined could provide early indication of performance deterioration in deployed models' performance.
Variation in eucalypt bark allometry across Australia
Authors: Lawes Michael J. , Neumann Mathias 
Published: May 2022

Positive bark allometry (hyperallometry), characterised by rapid early bark growth, is expected where fire selects for thicker bark to resist cambial damage and topkill. We examine this prediction for 52 Australian eucalypt species. An effective bark allometric coefficient (α) was estimated from the first segment of breakpoint regression, which included fire-affected young trees. Eucalypts presented a negative–positive bark allometry continuum. Contrary to expectation, 73% of species (n = 38) displayed negative effective bark allometry. Early rapid bark growth was observed (α = 0.92 ± 0.04, x ± s.e., n = 168 sites), but was slower than isometry and bark was thinner overall than expected. Fire type (crown-fire propensity) and net primary productivity (resource availability) most influenced bark allometry. Productive ecosystems experienced crown-fire and bark was thicker at standardised diameter (x ± s.e. = 2.04 ± 0.20 cm) than in less productive ecosystems under surface fire (x ± s.e. = 1.68 ± 0.18 cm). Bark morphology types did not differ in their stem diameter (x ± s.e. = 21.47 ± 1.06 cm) or bark thickness (x ± s.e. = 1.88 ± 0.08 cm) thresholds, representing putative stable alternative evolutionary solutions. Fundamentally, many eucalypts possess negative bark allometry with a relatively thin bark compared to non-eucalypts, because unique bark bud traces sustain post-fire resilience through epicormic resprouting. The resource allocation trade-off to thin bark v. height growth, selected by fire and resource limitation, accounts for eucalypt persistence and domination of Australia’s flammable ecosystems.
Effect of irrigation on soil physical properties on temperate pastoral farms: a regional New Zealand study
Authors: Drewry John J. , Carrick Sam , Penny Veronica , Dando John L. , Koele Nina 
Published: May 2022

Context Many regions in the world have undergone rapid land use change and intensification of agricultural land, such as through irrigation expansion, upgrading irrigation systems, and changing grassland, stock, and nutrient management practices. With more intensive land use, changes to soil properties can occur, such as soil compaction and changes in soil water storage. The effects of modern sprinkler-irrigated pastoral farming on soil physical properties are not well quantified internationally, particularly for temperate climates. Aims This regional study evaluates the effect of irrigation on soil physical properties in topsoil and subsoil, under modern pastoral grazing and sprinkler irrigation, across Canterbury, New Zealand. Methods Paired sites were sampled, consisting of a spray-irrigated paddock (field) and an adjoined part of the same paddock that was dryland (unirrigated), with other management the same for each pair. Key results Under irrigation there was a shift towards a greater abundance of smaller pores. This was reflected in macroporosity and readily available water capacity being significantly lower under irrigation, while semi-available water capacity and unavailable water held below permanent wilting point both increased. Conclusions These differences reflect increased compaction under irrigated grazed pasture, particularly under dairy grazing, consistent with findings in similar studies. This study quantified changes in both the topsoil and subsoil but showed that most differences were confined to the topsoil (30 cm depth). Implications For irrigation management, our study indicates the lower readily available water capacity on irrigated pasture is significant, with farmers potentially having to irrigate more frequently. Adopting deficit irrigation could minimise impacts of compaction.
Structural convergence for tubulin binding of CPAP and vinca domain microtubule inhibitors
Authors: Campanacci Valérie , Urvoas Agathe , Ammar Khodja Liza , Aumont-Nicaise Magali , Noiray Magali , Lachkar Sylvie , Curmi Patrick A. , Minard Philippe , Gigant Benoît 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Microtubules are dynamic assemblies of αβ-tubulin that are involved in key cellular functions, including cell division and intracellular transport. Microtubule dynamics is inhibited by several families of small molecules, some of which are used in oncology. The extent to which these compounds target the binding sites of cellular partners of tubulin remains poorly characterized. We show here that a region of the CPAP protein binds to the so-called vinca domain of β-tubulin in a way very similar to that of peptide-like inhibitors produced by bacteria and fungi. Therefore, our work identifies a structural convergence for tubulin binding between inhibitors and a regulator of microtubule dynamics.