bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General theory of the modified Gutenberg-Richter law for large seismic moments
Authors: Sornette Didier , Sornette Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is well known that the Gutenberg-Richter power law distribution has to be modified for large seismic moments because of energy conservation and geometrical reasons. Several models have been proposed, either in terms of a second power law with a larger b-value beyond a crossover magnitude, or based on a “hard” magnitude cut-off or a “soft” magnitude cut-off using an exponential taper. Since large-scale tectonic deformation is dominated by the very largest earthquakes, and since their impact on loss of life and properties is huge, it is of great importance to constrain as much as possible the shape of their distribution. We present a simple and powerful probabilistic theoretical approach that shows that the gamma distribution is the best model given the two hypotheses that the Gutenberg-Richter power law distribution holds in absence of any condition and that one or several constraints are imposed, either based on conservation laws or on the nature of the observations themselves. The selection of the gamma distribution does not depend on the specific nature of the constraint. We illustrate the approach with two constraints: the existence of a finite moment release rate and the observation of the size of a maximum earthquake in a finite catalog. Our predicted “soft” maximum magnitudes compare favorably with those obtained by Kagan for the Flinn-Engdahl regionalization of subduction zones, collision zones, and midocean ridges.
A systematic error in estimating surface-wave group-velocity dispersion curves and a procedure for its correction
Authors: Shapiro N. M. , Singh S. K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA systematic error is known to occur in estimating surface-wave group-velocity dispersion when the multiple filter analysis technique is applied. The error comes from the fall-off of the amplitude spectra at long periods. We propose a method for correcting this error. It consists of using a centroid frequency of the filtered spectrum instead of the central frequency of the gaussian window. The method is especially useful when the group-velocity curve is obtained from stacking of individual frequency-time diagrams. We apply this technique to two data sets. The first one consists of nine seismograms of coastal, subduction-zone earthquakes recorded by a broadband station located in Mexico City. This data set has been previously used to estimate an average crustal structure of southern Mexico. The second data set consists of broadband seismograms recorded in India and has been used to determine an average structure of the Indian peninsular region. Our results show that, in the first case, the systematic error is negligible. This is due to the relatively low decay rate of the spectral amplitudes at long periods. However, in the case of the Indian data, the systematic error of the multiple filter analysis cannot be neglected since it changes significantly the measured dispersion curves and leads to errors in the estimated crustal structure. Our tests show that the proposed method successfully corrects a major part of the systematic error.
The ideological origins of American feminism
Authors: Makarova Eva 
Published: November 2022

Feminism is an important part of nineteenth- and twentieth-century US political and social life. This article examines women&apos;s struggles for their rights and the impact of suffragette ideas on people of colour.

The article looks at prominent nineteenth- and twentieth-century suffragettes with their actions and the results of the actions they came to as a result of the struggle. In addition to actions aimed at asserting their own rights, the article describes women&apos;s participation in the Civil War, 1861-1865, and in the First World War.

This work explains the background to the emergence of major anti-discrimination movements such as Me Too and Black Lives Matter, among others, through an accepted methodology
Análise dos óbitos entre pacientes críticos: comparação da mortalidade estimada pelo saps-3 e mortalidade observada
Authors: Braz Leandra Carneiro , Paz Diego Dias , De Souza Laylla Meireles , Brinati Lídia Miranda , Correia Marisa Dibbern Lopes , Toledo Luana Vieira 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: comparar a mortalidade estimada pelo SAPS-3 com a mortalidade observada entre os pacientes críticos admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e identificar os fatores associados ao óbito. Métodos: estudo longitudinal realizado com dados secundários de 400 pacientes críticos. Realizou-se a comparação da mortalidade estimada e observada, e os fatores associados ao óbito. Resultados: houve predomínio de pacientes idosos (média de 65,5 anos) do sexo masculino (50,5%), com internação financiada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (78,0%). Os pacientes que apresentaram maior pontuação no escore de gravidade e maior mortalidade estimada foram os que evoluíram a óbito (p<0,001). O óbito esteve associado às internações por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (p<0,001), enquanto a maior parte dos pacientes internados por causas externas receberam alta (p<0,001). Conclusão: os pacientes com maior gravidade pelo SAPS-3 foram os que evoluíram a óbito, predominando o desfecho negativo entre os internados por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias.
Issues of diagnostic search of soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Sergeev A. N. , Maksimov D. A. , Morozov A. M. , Belyak M. A. , Penyaz' E. V. , Popova M. O. 
Published: November 2022

Relevance. Soft tissue sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of relatively rare types of tumors, which demonstrates a huge variety of anatomical localization and histopathological characteristics. The rarity of soft tissue sarcomas combined with a variety of subtypes, forms of growth, progression and frequency of relapses makes it difficult to study them, make a correct diagnosis and early referral of patients for specialized care.The purpose of study. To analyze the problem of differential diagnosis of malignant and benign soft tissue neoplasms.Materials and methods. In the course of the work, current literary sources of domestic and foreign authors on a given topic were analyzed.Results. Since it is absolutely impossible to determine the clinical features of the presented sarcoma, soft tissue tumors showing any of the following signs are considered malignant until the opposite is proven: increasing in size, >5 cm, deeply located and/or painful. The greater the number of these clinical signs present, the higher the risk that the soft tissue tumor will turn out to be malignant; at the same time, an increase in size is the best individual indicator. It is worth noting that the absence of concomitant constitutional symptoms, such as fever, chills, night sweats or unintentional weight loss, should not reduce the doctor's suspicion of malignancy.Conclusion. In order to avoid erroneous diagnoses, a standardized diagnostic approach should be followed, starting from the moment of collecting the patient's medical history, clinical examination and ending with the use of appropriate imaging methods and biopsy.
Features of thermo- and electromyography in patients with vertebrogenic pain syndrome
Authors: Tsyslyak E. S. , Ippolitova E. G. , Verkhozina T. K. , Sklyarenko O. V. , Glotov S. D. 
Published: November 2022

Thermography and electroneuromyography parameters were studied in 34 patients with vertebrogenic pain syndrome associated with lumbar spine stenosis. All patients were treated in the neurosurgical department of the Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology. We determined the changes in temperature values in the lumbar spine and lower extremities under the condition of disorder in peripheral nerves functional state.Purpose of the study: to evaluate the parameters of thermography and electroneuromyography in patients with lumbar spine stenosis.Materials and methods. The article presents the results of thermography and electroneuromyography of 34 patients with severe pain syndrome associated with degenerative stenosis of the lumbar part of spinal canal in preoperative period. Thermal-imaging study was carried out using a thermovision camera SVIT-004, the study of the peripheral nerves function of the lower extremities was carried out using the Neuromian-1-04 neuromyoanalyzer. The skin temperature recording points corresponded to the projection of stimulating and pickup ENMG electrodes on the spinous processes of the LIV, LV, SI vertebrae and paravertebrally.Results. Thermography parameters in patients with degenerative lumbar spine stenosis on the pain side were higher than on the intact side at all measurement points by 1–2 °C. At the same time, electroneuromyographic parameters in these patients indicated a decrease in the activity of the peripheral and central motor apparatus.Conclusion. The change in thermography parameters in patients with lumbar spine stenosis in the lumbar part and the area of pain irradiation in the lower extremities occurs alongside with the disorder of the peripheral nerves functional state.
Penanaman karakter religius remaja putus sekolah di balai perlindungan dan rehabilitasi sosial remaja Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Elvina Yuniarti  , Dikdik Baehaqi Arif  
Published: November 2022

Remaja putus sekolah yang tidak mendapatkan pendampingan cenderung memiliki perilaku menyimpang dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penanaman karakter religius di BPRSR DIY untuk membentuk remaja menjadi warga negara yang berkarakter religius. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa :(1)Aspek keyakinan dilakukan melalui bimbingan keagamaan setiap pagi dengan materi praktik sholat, membaca iqra dan al-Qur’an. Untuk agama kristen, kegiatan yang dilakukan pembimbing menjelaskan kitab Injil dan setiap hari minggu pagi, remaja yang beragama kristen diwajibkan berangkat ke gereja untuk melaksanakan kebaktian.(2)Aspek kepribadian dilakukan melalui penanaman rasa untuk saling memberi dengan cara bersedekah, infaq pada setiap hari jumat.(3)Aspek penghayatan dilakukan melalui kegiatan bintal agama setelah sholat magrib di masjid, para remaja diajarkan oleh ustad maupun guru agama mengenai nasihat agama seperti segala yang kita miliki di dunia ini merupakan anugerah dari Tuhan Yang Maha Esa.(4)Aspek pengetahuan dilakukan melalui pemberian hafalan surat pendek, tuntunan sholat, praktik adzan dan praktik sholat jenazah.(5)Aspek pengamalan dilakukan melalui pemberian materi akhlak dan akidah. Remaja diajarkan untuk saling tolong menolong dan selalu bersikap jujur dalam segala perkataan dan perbuatan.
BONE MODIFICATION FEATURES RESULTING FROM BARNACLE ATTACHMENT ON THE BONES OF LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES (Caretta caretta), CUMBERLAND ISLAND, GEORGIA, USA: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PALEOECOLOGICAL, AND TAPHONOMIC ANALYSES OF FOSSIL SEA TURTLES
Authors: ZONNEVELD J-P. , ZONNEVELD Z.E.E. , BARTELS W.S. , GINGRAS M.K. , HEAD J.J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sea turtles are characterized by a wide variety of invertebrate ectoparasites. Few of these ectoparasites leave a permanent indication of their presence on the skeletal remains of their host taxa and thus represent ecological information doomed to be lost in the paleontological record. Some barnacle taxa provide an exception to this, in that they cause the formation of small, subcircular to circular divots, pits, and holes on the skull, mandible, carapace or plastron of sea turtles. Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) skeletons from Cumberland Island, Georgia, USA were examined to assess the presence, frequency, and loci of occurrence of barnacle pits, and to establish which taxa are involved in pit development.
Six types of divot and pit attributed to barnacles are identified in this study. Type I traces are shallow, oval/semi-circular in outline, with smooth, gently sloped bases. Type II traces are deep, hemispherical pits with smooth bases. Type III traces are deep, circular to subcircular pits with flat bases. Type IV traces are deep, circular to subcircular pits with multiple (4–6) small sub-pits on their bases. Type V traces are cylindrical, penetrative holes. Type VI traces comprise shallow ring-shaped grooves on the surface of the bone. Type I through III traces are identical to the ichnotaxon Karethraichnus lakkos. Type IV traces have not, as yet, been described in the rock record. Type V traces are identical to K. fiale. Type VI traces are identical to Thatchtelithichnus holmani. Barnacle taxa identified as emplacing non-penetrative divots and pits on C. caretta skulls, mandibles, and shell bones include Chelonibia caretta (Type I), Platylepas hexastylos (Types I–IV), Calyptolepas bjorndalae (Types I and II), and Stomatolepas elegans (Types I and II). Type V traces were most likely emplaced by either Stephanolepas muricata or Chelolepas cheloniae. Type VI traces reflect the former attachment of balanid or lepadid barnacles. Embedded barnacles were observed in epidermal material associated with Types I through IV traces but not for Type V and VI traces and thus the relationship is inferred for these latter traces.
Barnacle-related pits, divots, and holes are believed to result from barnacle mediated chemical corrosion into the outer surface of sea turtle bone. The occurrence of these traces provides one of the few preservable lines of evidence of barnacle interactions with sea turtle hosts. Identification of definitive barnacle borings in fossil material will provide evidence of the evolution of platylepadid barnacles and the development of their commensal relationship with chelonid turtles.
Spatiotemporal Modeling in Wireless Communication Networks
Authors: AlQaysi Manhal K. , Behadili Suhad Faisal , Salam Ali 
Published: November 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل تدفق هجرة الأفراد بين المحافظات العراقية باستخدام بيانات مجهولة حقيقية من شركة كورك تيليكوم في العراق. الغرض من هذا التحليل هو فهم بنية الاتصال وجاذبية المدن أو المحافظات من خلال فحص هجرة التدفق والكثافة السكانية، لذلك من وجهة النظر هذه يتم تصنيفها على أساس الهجرة البشرية في وقت معين. تمت ملاحظة بيانات الهاتف المحمول من نوع المكالمات التفصيلية للمكالمات ((CDRs، والتي تقع في فترة 6 أشهر خلال COVID-19 في العام 2020-2021. وفقًا لطبيعة CDRs، تم تطبيق الخوارزميات المكانية والزمانية المعروفة: نموذج الإشعاع ونموذج الجاذبية لتحليل هذه البيانات، واتضح أنها مكملة للآخر بناءً على النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها. تم تمثيل النتائج من خلال استكشاف التدفقات لكل محافظة على مستويين من التجريد: الماكروسكوب والميزوسكوب. وجدت النتائج أن نماذج التفاعل الزماني المكاني مكملة للآخر، حيث تم حساب التدفقات بواسطة نموذج الإشعاع الذي سيتم استخدامه في نموذج الجاذبية. كما تم الحصول على ملخص للتدفقات بين المحافظات ولكل محافظة على حدة. واستناداً إلى العينة المأخوذة من إجمالي عدد التدفقات، كانت أعلى نسبة جذب بين محافظتي نينوى وذي قار وبلغت٪ ، بينما كانت أقل نسبة جذب بين محافظتي واسط وكربلاء والتي بلغت . بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أظهرت الخرائط النسبة المئوية لكل محافظة، في إشارة إلى لون كل محافظة، من اللون الفاتح الذي يعني انخفاض الجذب، إلى الغامق الذي يعني الجذب العالي. في المستقبل، من الممكن الحصول على بيانات أكثر تفصيلاً واستخدام خوارزميات الشبكة المعقدة لتحليل هذه البيانات.
Fatty acid synthesis suppresses dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid use
Authors: Schlein Christian , Worthmann Anna , Piel Sharlaine , Fischer Alexander , O'Farell Marie , Adak Sangeeta , Kloth Katja , Sundd Monica , Siffeti Hasibullah , Musfeldt Melina , Bierhals Tatjana , Heine Markus , Pauly Mira , Haumann Friederike , Kundu Suman , Fuh Manka , Neu Axel , Beysen Carine , Pertzborn Paul , Schlüter Hartmut , Knippschild Uwe , Tödter Klaus , Hempel Maja , Semenkovich Clay , Heeren Joerg , Scheja Ludger , Kubisch Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are closely linked to aberrant synthesis of endogenous fatty acids in the liver, called de novo lipogenesis, which is mediated by the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN). Endogenously synthesized fatty acids are either saturated or monounsaturated and can adversely affect metabolic health through mechanisms that are not sufficiently understood. Here we show that lipogenesis critically determines the use of food-derived, metabolically beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We found a patient with a hypofunctional heterozygous de novo Arg2177Cys mutation in FASN, which resulted in a cysteine-dependent, non-enzymatic acetylation of FASN and decreased protein stability. Remarkably, the patient showed markedly elevated levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, whereas patients with high FASN expression in the liver showed diminished levels. Moreover, pharmacological intervention with the FASN-inhibitor TVB-2640 in patients with NASH was sufficient to increase the rate of PUFA use in circulating lipids. In line, the incorporation rate of supplemented omega-3 PUFA in obesogenic diet could be dramatically increased by reducing the lipogenesis rate in mice. Mechanistically, we show that fatty acid storage preferences are determined by an active, enzymatic process dependent on FASN and DGAT2. Our results demonstrate that low lipogenesis rates increase the efficiency of PUFA incorporation into complex lipids, whereas high lipogenesis rates lead to low PUFA use. This has critical clinical implications for the prediction of low therapeutic success of omega-3 supplementation in patients with high lipogenesis and provides evidence for the urgent development of combined therapy options targeting lipogenesis and PUFA supplementation.
Prognostic Factors for Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Current Anthracycline Regimens
Authors: Egashira Koichi , Sueta Daisuke , Tomiguchi Mai , Hidaka Kaori , Goto-Yamaguchi Lisa , Sueta Aiko , Komorita Takashi , Takae Masafumi , Oike Fumi , Fujisue Koichiro , Usuku Hiroki , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Matsushita Kenichi , Yamamoto Yutaka , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Anthracycline therapies cause myocardial damage and the onset of heart failure, depending on their doses. We investigated prognostic factors for cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in patients receiving modern anthracycline therapies.
Methods: We retrospective investigated 625 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and received anthracycline therapy at Kumamoto University Hospital between January 2007 and December 2018. We excluded 153 patients because of missing data, and the remaining 472 patients were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint was the onset of CTRCD. The exact observation end date was December 31, 2020.
Results: Of 472 breast cancer patients with complete data treated with anthracycline, 8 were diagnosed with CTRCD. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that the anthracycline cumulative dose, concomitant use of molecular targeted drugs and a prechemotherapy left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% were independent and significant predictors of the onset of CTRCD.
Conclusions: Even in the modern era, the anthracycline cumulative dose is an independent risk factor for the onset of CTRCD.
Multi objectives Edge Server Placement in Mobile Edge computing Using Trees Social Relations Optimization Algorithm and DVFS technique
Authors: Asghari Ali , Azgom Hossein , Zoraghchian Ali Abbas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The advent of fifth-generation(5G) telecommunication technology and the rapid growth of smart mobile equipment have led to many processing demands in this area. Many mobile applications developed with this technological growth. In most cases, the services required by mobile cloud users are offered online. The high volume of processes, such as the Internet of Things, online games, electronic education, and e-commerce, which are processing-oriented, consumes a large amount of energy. The limited power of mobile equipment and their battery capacity causes some users' data and applications to be offloaded on network edge servers. Proper placement of mobile cloud resources has an important impact on their efficiency and energy consumption. The appropriate resource placement model can reduce latency and improve energy consumption. Because of the large number of mobile servers, finding the best geographical placement of all resources is an NP-Hard problem, so researchers have introduced some optimization methods for the problem solution. Parallelization methods can improve the scalability of the resource placement problem and reduce the time complexity of finding the optimal solution. In the proposed method, a novel multi-objective edge server placement algorithm, using the trees social relations optimization algorithm(TSR) and the DVFS(dynamic voltage and frequency scaling) technique (MSP-TD), has been introduced for optimal placement of edge servers to extend the network coverage. The simulation results show that our proposed model leads to less latency and energy consumption reduction than some state-of-the-art and similar algorithms.
Experimental investigation on the expansive characteristics of Gansu clay-sulfate rocks in China subjected to confined compression and cyclic drying-wetting
Authors: Cheng Shufan , Zeng Yawu , Ye Yang , Gao Rui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Gansu clay-sulfate rock is a special red-bed rock that formed in an evaporation environment with strong oxidation. Due to the high content of hydrophilic minerals (including clay mineral, sulfate, and carbonate), tunnel in clay-sulfate rock stratum has a potential risk of large expansive deformation after the erosion of groundwater. In this study, a loadable cyclic drying-wetting instrument was designed to simulate the occurrence of the surrounding rock mass of a tunnel experiencing a periodic change in groundwater level. Firstly, a series of drying-wetting cycle tests with different normal pressure were carried on to obtain the expansion regulation of clay-sulfate rock. Then, computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were carried on to explain the corresponding mechanism in mesoscopic. The test results show that large expansive deformation was generated in the first water immersion and only part of the deformation can be recovered during the later drying process. During the 2–5 cycles, expansion-shrink deformation is much less than in the first cycle, and the volume of the sample tends to be constant. Meanwhile, the degeneration of the clay-sulfate rock was observed in the first cycle by the CT and SEM test. Then the mesostructure of the sample is stable during the 2–5 cycle. It indicates the clay rock, in large part, degenerated to clay soil during the first drying-wetting cycle. Structural degradation and hydration of anhydrite is the main source of irreversible expansive deformation. Moreover, normal stress and confined restraint can reduce or even eliminate the expansive deformation, however, cannot avoid the degeneration of mesostructure. The shear strength of Gansu clay-sulfate rock also decreased after the first drying-wetting cycle, which manifested as the attenuation in both cohesion and internal friction angle.