bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an online self‐help program, expert‐patient support, and their combination for eating disorders: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rohrbach Pieter J. , Dingemans Alexandra E. , Spinhoven Philip , Van Ginkel Joost R. , Fokkema Marjolein , Wilderjans Tom F. , Bauer Stephanie , Van Furth Eric F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveMany individuals with an eating disorder do not receive appropriate care. Low‐threshold interventions could help bridge this treatment gap. The study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of Featback, a fully automated online self‐help intervention, online expert‐patient support and their combination.MethodA randomized controlled trial with a 12‐month follow‐up period was conducted. Participants aged 16 or older with at least mild eating disorder symptoms were randomized to four conditions: (1) Featback, a fully automated online self‐help intervention, (2) chat or email support from a recovered expert patient, (3) Featback with expert‐patient support and (4) a waiting list control condition. The intervention period was 8 weeks and there was a total of six online assessments. The main outcome constituted reduction of eating disorder symptoms over time.ResultsThree hundred fifty five participants, of whom 43% had never received eating disorder treatment, were randomized. The three active interventions were superior to a waitlist in reducing eating disorder symptoms (d = −0.38), with no significant difference in effectiveness between the three interventions. Participants in conditions with expert‐patient support were more satisfied with the intervention.DiscussionInternet‐based self‐help, expert‐patient support and their combination were effective in reducing eating disorder symptoms compared to a waiting list control condition. Guidance improved satisfaction with the internet intervention but not its effectiveness. Low‐threshold interventions such as Featback and expert‐patient support can reduce eating disorder symptoms and reach the large group of underserved individuals, complementing existing forms of eating disorder treatment.Public significance statementIndividuals with eating‐related problems who received (1) a fully automated internet‐based intervention, (2) chat and e‐mail support by a recovered individual or (3) their combination, experienced stronger reductions in eating disorder symptoms than those who received (4) usual care. Such brief and easy‐access interventions play an important role in reaching individuals who are currently not reached by other forms of treatment.
The impact of COVID‐19 on adolescents with eating disorders: Increased need for medical stabilization and decreased access to care
Authors: Feldman Marissa A. , King Callie K. , Vitale Sarah , Denhardt Brenna , Stroup Susan , Reese Jasmine , Stromberg Sarah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify trends of patients with eating disorders (EDs) requiring hospitalization before and during the pandemic at a children's hospital in the southeastern United States.MethodA retrospective chart review was completed for 71 adolescents and young adults (ages 10–21 years; M = 14.61, SD = 2.121).ResultsResults indicated a 188% increase in ED hospital admissions since the pandemic, with patients presenting with increased rates of comorbid mental health diagnoses (p = .009). During COVID‐19, the development of temporary outpatient multidisciplinary discharge plans (i.e., “bridge plans”) were utilized more often due to difficulties accessing the appropriate level of care (p = .039).DiscussionResults suggest a significant increase in youth requiring medical stabilization for EDs since the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic (2.9 times more than prepandemic), as well as a need for greater advocacy to increase specialized mental health services along the full continuum of care.Public Significance StatementThis study brings awareness to the significant increase in patients needing medical stabilization secondary to restrictive EDs and increased rates of comorbid mental health diagnoses in this patient population since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Patients during COVID‐19 were less likely to directly transition to treatment likely secondary to the strain COVID‐19 placed on mental health systems/treatment centers. Increased advocacy for specialized care for eating disorder patients.
How can a cooperative‐based organization of indigenous fisheries foster the resilience to global changes? Lessons learned by coastal communities in eastern Québec
Authors: Alberio Marco , Soubirou Marina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHalieutic resources and small‐scale fisheries are globally under stress due to global changes. This phenomenon has very strong impacts on the socioeconomic situation of vast coastal areas worldwide and of the communities living there, whose economies rely on the ocean. In the current context of a decrease of several halieutic stocks, there is a need of understanding what could be the avenues for fisheries‐dependent communities to adapt to global changes whilst preserving both local biodiversity and their ability to develop themselves. In this paper, we explore how a cooperative fisheries organizational model could allow coastal communities to foster their development without increasing the pressure on the resource they harvest. Through the analysis of the example of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) indigenous fisheries in eastern Québec, we expose how a cooperative‐based organization of fisheries that is oriented towards community development can foster resilience against the current decline of the resource in a socially vulnerable context at a micro and macro level. Furthermore, we show how collaboration between diverse types of fisheries organizations can allow socially innovative practices to scale up.
CD169+ subcapsular sinus macrophage‐derived microvesicles are associated with light zone follicular dendritic cells
Authors: Chen Xin , Zheng Yuhan , Liu Siming , Yu Wenjing , Liu Zhiduo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFollicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are a specialized type of stromal cells that exclusively reside in B‐cell follicles. When inflammation occurs, the FDC network is reorganized to support germinal center (GC) polarization into the light zone (LZ) and dark zone (DZ). Despite the indispensable role of FDCs in supporting humoral responses, the FDC regulatory requirements remain incompletely defined. In this study, we unexpectedly observed an accumulation of CD169+ subcapsular sinus macrophage (SSM)‐derived microvesicles (MVs) in the B‐cell zone, which were tightly associated with the FDC network. Interestingly, a selective deposition of CD169+ MVs was detected in both GC LZ FDCs in secondary follicles and on predetermined LZ FDCs in primary follicles. The ablation of CD169+ MVs, resulting from SSM depletion, resulted in significantly decreased expression of LZ‐related genes in FDCs. In addition, we found that CD169+ MVs could colocalize with fluorescently tagged antigen‐containing immune complexes (ICs), supporting a possible role of CD169+ MVs in transporting antigens to the FDC network. Thus, our data reveal intimate crosstalk between FDCs and SSMs located outside B‐cell follicles via SSM‐released MVs, providing a novel perspective on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of FDC maturation and polarization.
Determination of Mercury with a Miniature Sensor for Point‐of‐care Testing
Authors: Andreasi Bassi Caterina , Wu Zhizhen , Forst Linda , Papautsky Ian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn developing countries, subsistence gold mining entails mixing metallic mercury with crushed sediments to extract gold. In this approach, the gold−mercury amalgam is heated to evaporate mercury and obtain gold. Thus, the highly volatile mercury can be absorbed through inhalation, resulting in adverse health effects. Urinalysis can be used to detect mercury, which is excreted in urine and feces, and correlate exposure with toxic effects. The current gold standard analytical methods are based on fluorescence or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry methods, but are expensive, time consuming, and are not easily accessible in countries where testing is needed. In this work, we report on a miniature electrochemical sensor that can rapidly detect mercury in urine at levels well below the US Biological Exposure Index (BEI) limit of 50 ppb (μg/L). The sensor is based on a thin‐film gold electrode and anodic stripping voltammetry electroanalytical approach. The sensor successfully detected mercury at trace levels in urine, with a limit of detection of ∼15 ppb Hg in the linear range of 20–80 ppb. With the low‐cost disposable sensors and portable instrumentation, it is well suited for point‐of‐care applications.
Identification evidence unraveled by strict proteomics rules toward forensic samples
Authors: Li Zehua , Li Kexin , Xu Bin , Chen Jia , Zhang Ying , Guo Lei , Xie Jianwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSnake venom is a complex mixture of proteins and peptides secreted by venomous snakes from their poison glands. Although proteomics for snake venom composition, interspecific differences, and developmental evolution has been developed for a decade, current diagnosis or identification techniques of snake venom in clinical intoxication and forensic science applications are mainly dependent on morphological and immunoassay. It could be expected that the proteomics techniques directly offer great help. This work applied a bottom‐up proteomics method to identify proteins’ types and species attribution in suspected snake venom samples using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole‐electrostatic field Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometric technique, and cytotoxicity assay was amended to provide a direct evidence of toxicity. Toward the suspicious samples seized in the security control, sample pretreatment (in‐sol and in‐gel digestion) and data acquisition (nontargeted and targeted screening) modes complemented and validated each other. We have implemented two consequent approaches in identifying the species source of proteins in the samples via the points of venom proteomics and strict forensic identification. First, we completed a workflow consisting of a proteomics database match toward an entire SWISS‐PROT (date 2018‐11‐22) database and a result‐directed specific taxonomy database. The latter was a helpful hint to compare master protein kinds and reveal the insufficiency of specific venom proteomics characterization rules. Second, we suggested strict rules for protein identification to meet the requirements of forensic science on improved identification correctness, that is, (1) peptide spectrum matches confidence, peptide confidence, and protein confidence were both high (with the false‐discovery ratio less than 1%); (2) the number of unique peptides was more than or equal to two in one protein, and (3) within unique peptides, which at least 75% of the ∆m/z of the matched y and b ions were less than 5 ppm. We identified these samples as cobra venom containing 10 highly abundant proteins (P00597, P82463, P60770, Q9YGI4, P62375, P49123, P80245, P60302, P01442, and P60304) from two snake venom protein families (acid phospholipase A2 and three‐finger toxins), and the most abundant proteins were cytotoxins.
Switching positions: Assessing the dynamics of conjugational heterogeneity in antibody–drug conjugates using CE‐SDS
Authors: van den Berg Eline B. A. , Hendriks Jaap C. W. , Elsinga Everdine W. , Eggink Mark , Dirksen Eef H. C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a prospective class of new oncology therapeutics with the ability to deliver a cytotoxic drug to a targeted location. The concept appears simple, but ADCs are highly complex due to their intrinsic heterogeneity. Randomly conjugated ADCs, for instance, are composed of conjugated species carrying between 0 and 8 linker‐drug molecules, with several positional isomers that vary in drug distribution across the antibody. The drug load, expressed as drug‐to‐antibody ratio (DAR), is a critical quality attribute and should be well controlled, together with the distribution of drug molecules. Here, the impact of the duration of disulfide bond reduction on the DAR was investigated by quantitating the (isomeric) DAR species in ADCs produced with varying reduction times. Although hydrophobic interaction chromatography showed a constant DAR value as a function of reduction time, data obtained by non‐reducing CE‐SDS revealed an unexpected dynamic in the positional conjugated isomers. The insights obtained have improved our understanding of the correlation between the disulfide bond reduction, an important step in the manufacturing of a cysteine‐conjugated ADC, and the conjugational heterogeneity.
Differences between men and women in response to antiseizure medication use and the likelihood of developing treatment resistant epilepsy
Authors: Cepeda M. Soledad , Teneralli Rachel E. , Kern David M. , Novak Gerald 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of epilepsy is slightly higher in women than in men and sensitivity to seizure stimuli differs between sexes. Some evidence suggests sex differences in response to antiseizure medications exist mainly due to inconsistent pharmacokinetic differences; however, there is a lack of real‐world evidence examining differences in response to antiseizure medications between men and women.MethodsThis was a retrospective population‐based cohort study in five large US healthcare databases. The population included adult patients with epilepsy, newly exposed to levetiracetam, and naive to antiseizure medication. The first exposure to levetiracetam was the index date. The requirement that all patients received the same medication was done to avoid potential confounding due to differences in index treatment. The outcome was the development of treatment resistant epilepsy (TRE), defined as having at least three distinct antiseizure medications in 1 year. The proportion of patients who developed TRE within 1 year following the index date was calculated. To compare the risk of developing TRE between sexes, relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and estimates were pooled using meta‐analytic techniques stratified by gender and age.ResultsA total of 147 334 subjects were included in the databases, 50.8% were women, and 4.27% developed TRE. The comorbid profile differed greatly between men and women; however, the types of epilepsy syndromes observed during baseline were similar between the two groups. Across all databases, women were more likely to develop TRE than men (pooled RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.17‐1.38). Results remained similar when stratified by age.SignificanceThis study assessed sex differences in response to antiseizure medications using the development of TRE as a proxy for effectiveness. Women newly exposed to levetiracetam were 27% more likely to develop TRE than men, independent of age.
An optimized hybrid deep neural network architecture for intrusion detection in real‐time IoT networks
Authors: Shobana M. , Shanmuganathan C. , Challa Nagendra Panini , Ramya S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) refers to the interconnection of things to the physical network that is embedded with software, sensors, and other devices to exchange information from one device to the other. The interconnection of devices means there is the possibility of challenges like security, trustworthiness, reliability, confidentiality, and so on. To address those issues, we have proposed a novel GTBSS‐HDNN approach which hybridization of Group theory (GT), Binary Spring search (BSS) algorithm, and Hybrid deep neural network (HDNN). The proposed GTBSS‐HDNN approach effectively detects the intrusion in the IoT nodes. Initially, the privacy‐preserving technology was implemented using a Blockchain‐based methodology. Our proposed privacy‐preserving methods are divided into two parts. The first stage utilizes blockchain and the second stage involves Modified Independent Component Algorithm (MICA) to prevent intrusion attacks. The authentication of data is performed by blockchain‐based Enhanced Proof of Work (EPoW) and achieves better authentication. Furthermore, the experimental study is carried out using the ToN‐IoT dataset, which is used to evaluate the performance of our proposed work. To analyze the performance we have taken the performance metrics such asF1‐measure, Detection Rate, Precision, and Accuracy. The performance analyzes depict that the proposed method effectively preserves the accuracy and thereby avert the intrusion attacks. The proposed model achieved 95.3% accuracy, 96.54% precision, 95.23% recall, and 95.67%F‐score values on the ToN‐IoT dataset and 96.23% accuracy, 95.94% precision, 97.03% recall, and 96.70%F‐score results on the BoT‐IoT dataset.
Biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological attributes of caper (Capparis ovata) flowering buds and berries pickles
Authors: Ozgun‐Acar Ozden , Celik‐Turgut Gurbet , Guner Hüseyin , Sezer Serdar , Sen Alaattin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCapparis ovatais a natural plant that grows widely in Turkey and its flowering buds and berry pickle are used in traditional medicine. Thus, the current study was expanded to evaluate the biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects of theCapparis ovatawater extract (COWE). To determine the biochemical properties of COWE, mineral and fatty acid content, elemental analysis, flavonoid/phenolic content, radical‐scavenging capacity, and pesticide analysis were performed. Furthermore, to find out whether it had anti‐inflammatory properties, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) luciferase activity tests were conducted. Whole‐genome transcriptomic profiling was carried out at a dose level of 500 mg/kg COWE to understand its pharmacological effect. Transaminases in serum were tested, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was done using a custom design array that included the stress and molecular toxicology pathway to establish its toxicological qualities. As a result of the evaluations, it was observed that COWE has a high mineral and unsaturated fatty acid content, flavonoid/phenolic content, and radical‐scavenging ability. It significantly inhibited NF‐κB transcriptional activity as well as inflammatory cytokine expression in T‐lymphoblast cells. Whole‐genome transcriptomic profiling depicted that COWE modulates immune responses by upregulating natural killer cell activation, cellular response to type I interferon, B‐cell proliferation and differentiation, and Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK–STAT) pathways. Molecular Toxicology Pathfinder RT2Profiler PCR array analysis revealed that COWE at or lower dose of 500 mg/kg/day did not cause a comparatively adverse effect. According to the findings, COWE is a rich source of nutrients and can be used as an adjunct therapy for various inflammatory diseases.
3D‐printed hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: A systematic review in experimental animal studies
Authors: Avanzi Ingrid Regina , Parisi Julia Risso , Souza Amanda , Cruz Matheus Almeida , Martignago Cintia Cristina Santi , Ribeiro Daniel Araki , Braga Anna Rafaela Cavalcante , Renno Ana Claudia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of 3D‐printed hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds for stimulating bone healing has been increasing over the years. Although all the promising effects of these scaffolds, there are still few studies and limited understanding of their interaction with bone tissue and their effects on the process of fracture healing. In this context, this study aimed to perform a systematic literature review examining the effects of different 3D‐printed HA scaffolds in bone healing. The search was made according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis (PRISMA) orientations and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors “3D printing,” “bone,” “HA,” “repair,” and “in vivo.” Thirty‐six articles were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases. After eligibility analyses, 20 papers were included (covering the period of 2016 and 2021). Results demonstrated that all the studies included in this review showed positive outcomes, indicating the efficacy of scaffolds treated groups in the in vivo experiments for promoting bone healing in different animal models. In conclusion, 3D‐printed HA scaffolds are excellent candidates as bone grafts due to their bioactivity and good bone interaction.
Motivational interviewing for genetic counseling: A unified framework for persuasive and equipoise conversations
Authors: Resnicow Ken , Delacroix Emerson , Chen Gabriela , Austin Sarah , Stoffel Elena , Hanson Erika N. , Gerido Lynette Hammond , Kaphingst Kimberly A. , Yashar Beverly M. , Marvin Monica , Griggs Jennifer J. , Cragun Deborah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGenetic counselors (GCs) have traditionally been trained to adopt a position of equipoise or clinical neutrality. They provide information, answer questions, address barriers, and engage in shared decision‐making, but generally, they do not prescribe a genetic test. Historically, GCs have generally been trained not to persuade the ambivalent or resistant patient. More recently, however, there has been discussion regarding when a greater degree of persuasion or directionality may be appropriate within genetic counseling (GC) and what role MI may play in this process. The role for “persuasive GC” is based on the premise that some genetic tests provide actionable information that would clearly benefit patients and families by impacting treatment or surveillance. For other tests, the benefits are less clear as they do not directly impact patient care or the benefits may be more subjective in nature, driven by patient values or psychological needs. For the former, we propose that GCs may adopt a more persuasive clinical approach while for the latter, a more traditional equipoise stance may be more appropriate. We suggest that motivational interviewing (MI) could serve as a unifying counseling model that allows GCs to handle both persuasive and equipoise encounters. For clearly beneficial tests, while directional, the MI encounter can still be non‐directive, autonomy‐supportive, and patient‐centered. MI can also be adapted for equipoise situations, for example, placing less emphasis on eliciting and strengthening change talk as that is more a behavior change strategy than a shared decision‐making strategy. The core principles and strategies of MI, such as autonomy support, evocation, open questions, reflective listening, and affirmation would apply to both persuasive and equipoise encounters. Key issues that merit discussion include how best to train GCs both during their initial and post‐graduate education.