bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management and Outcomes in Gastric Volvulus: A Tiered Approach
Authors: Askari Alan , Tezcan Egemen , Patel Krashna , Adil Md Tanveer , Munasinghe Aruna , Al-Taan Omer , Jain Vigyan , Jambulingam Periyathambi , Rashid Farhan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction Gastric volvulus is a rare yet life-threatening condition requiring urgent attention. In this case series and literature review, we present the difficulties in management and outcome in patients with gastric volvulus and suggest a tiered framework to guide management. All consecutive cases at a single institution presenting between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2020, were included. Chi-squared analyses were undertaken to compare outcomes across different groups. A total of 48 patients presented with gastric volvulus; the median age was 78 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 69–84) and 70.8% were female. Most patients had an ASA score of III (n = 19/48, 39.6%) or IV (n = 14/48, 29.2%). In total, 62.5% (n = 30/48) underwent laparoscopic surgery and mesh was used in 40.0%. Eighteen patients (37.5%) were not suitable candidates for surgery or declined surgery. The median length of stay in those undergoing surgery was 4 days (IQR: 2–6). The complication rate in this cohort was 26.7% (n = 8/30). Of these eight patients, four had postoperative nausea, and four others suffered from pneumothorax, wound hematoma, intra-abdominal bleeding, or intra-abdominal collection. The patient who had a serious intra-abdominal bleed returned to operating room and required blood transfusions on day 1 postsurgery. The readmission rate in the surgery group was 6.6% (n = 2/30), both of who had prolonged nausea and were treated symptomatically. The overall 30-day morality in the surgical group was 3.3%. Over a follow-up period of 37 months, 10.0% had a recurrence of hernia, all of who were managed conservatively. Gastric volvulus is a surgical emergency that is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. A tiered treatment algorithm based on urgency can help deliver timely treatment and standardize care. One in 10 patients post–gastric volvulus repair will have recurrence of para-oesophageal hernia but can be treated conservatively.
Distal Posterior Cerebral Artery Ruptured Aneurysm: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kasapas Konstantinos , Malli Antonia , Charitos Dimitrios , Georgakoulias Nikolaos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDistal posterior cerebral artery aneurysms consist of a rare vascular entity whose treatment approach remains challenging. Few studies exist scarcely in the literature reporting cases of P4 ruptured aneurysms. In this study, we present the case of a 49-year-old female patient who was admitted to our Neurosurgery Department with the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade IV, Fischer grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a right distal posterior cerebral artery aneurysm. She successfully underwent surgery via a posterior occipital interhemispheric approach. The patient recovered well from surgery, and the following days, she was successfully extubated and had a significant neurological improvement. However, she died during her rehabilitation due to sepsis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.
PMMA Cranioplasty Making by Using Оpen-Source CAD Software, PLA Printers, and Silicone Rubber Molds: Technical Note with Two Illustrative Cases
Authors: Malikov Azad , Secen Ahmet Eren , Ocal Ozgur , Divanlioglu Denizhan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this technical report, we discuss the design and production of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) implants, which we successfully applied in two patients using silicone molds, and a retrospective review of these patients at 1- and 6-month intervals. By using open-source computer-assisted design software, three-dimensional printers, and the patient's thin-sliced computed tomography data, we designed and produced the implant template and used it to make silicone rubber mоlds for intraoperative PMMA casting with good results. As a negative of the implant, we created a silicon mold, which can be autoclaved.Two patients underwent PMMA cranioplasty using this method. Both implants were fitted into the defect without manipulation and good aesthetic аppеаrance of all patients was achieved. At follow-up 1 and 6 months after the operation, no complication was noted and the patients tolerated the cranioplasty platе wеll.
Impact of Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (i-MRI) on Surgeon Decision Making and Clinical Outcomes in Cranial Tumor Surgery
Authors: Bunyaratavej Krishnapundha , Siwanuwatn Rungsak , Tuchinda Lawan , Wangsawatwong Piyanat 
Published: August 2022

Background Although intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) has an established role in guiding intraoperative extent of resection (EOR) in cranial tumor surgery, the details of how iMRI data are used by the surgeon in the real-time decision-making process is lacking.Materials and Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed 40 consecutive patients who underwent cranial tumor resection with the guidance of iMRI. The tumor volumes were measured by volumetric software. Intraoperative and postoperative EOR were calculated and compared. Surgeon preoperative EOR intention, intraoperative EOR assessment, and how iMRI data impacted surgeon decisions were analyzed.Results The pathology consisted of 29 gliomas, 8 pituitary tumors, and 3 other tumors. Preoperative surgeon intention called for gross total resection (GTR) in 28 (70%) cases. After resection and before iMRI scanning, GTR was 20 (50.0%) cases based on the surgeon's perception. After iMRI scanning, the results helped identify 19 (47.5%) cases with unexpected results consisting of 5 (12.5%) with unexpected locations of residual tumors and 14 (35%) with unexpected EOR. Additional resection was performed in 24 (60%) cases after iMRI review, including 6 (15%) cases with expected iMRI results. Among 34 cases with postoperative MRI results, iMRI helped improve EOR in 12 (35.3%) cases.Conclusion In cranial tumor surgery, the surgeon's preoperative and intraoperative assessment is frequently imprecise. iMRI data serve several purposes, including identifying the presence of residual tumors, providing residual tumor locations, giving spatial relation data of the tumor with nearby eloquent structures, and updating the neuro-navigation system for the final stage of tumor resection.
Study of the Kramers–Fokker–Planck quadratic operator with a constant magnetic field
Authors: Karaki Zeinab 
Published: August 2022

We study the quadratic Kramers–Fokker–Planck operator with a constant magnetic field and a quadratic potential. We describe the exact expression of the norm of the semi-group associated with the operator near the equilibrium. At this level, explicit and accurate estimates of this norm are shown in small and long times and uniform-in-time estimates are shown when the magnetic parameter b tends to infinity.
Analysis of synthetic electron cyclotron emission from the high field side of HL-2M tokamak plasmas
Authors: Yu X. , Shi Z. B. , Jiang M. , Yu G. Y. , Zhu Y. L. , Yang Z. C. , Chen W. , Zhu Y. R. , Fang K. R. , Tong R. H. , Han J. H. , Zhang X. R. 
Published: August 2022

A synthetic electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic is used to interpret ECE signals from preset plasma equilibrium profiles, including magnetic field, electron density, and electron temperature. According to the simulation results, the electron temperature (Te) profile covering the harmonic overlap region can be obtained by receiving ECE signals at the high field side (HFS) of the HL-2M plasma. The third harmonic ECE at the low field side (LFS) cannot pass through the second harmonic resonance layer at the HFS unless the optical thickness (τ) of the second harmonic becomes gray (τ ≤ 2). In addition, the impact of the relativistic frequency down-shift has been evaluated and corrected. The measurable range of the HFS ECE has been calculated by scanning different parameters (electron density, temperature, and magnetic field). Higher plasma parameters allow a wider radial range of electron temperature measurements. The minimum inner measurable position can reach R = 120 cm (r/a = −0.89) when the product of core temperature (Te0) and density (ne0) is greater than 35 × 1019 keV m−3, which is extended by more than 30 cm inward compared with that of the LFS measurement. The HFS ECE will greatly improve the diagnostic ability of ECE systems on the HL-2M tokamak.
Design and construction of a quantum matter synthesizer
Authors: Trisnadi Jonathan , Zhang Mingjiamei , Weiss Lauren , Chin Cheng 
Published: August 2022

The quantum matter synthesizer (QMS) is a new quantum simulation platform in which individual particles in a lattice can be resolved and re-arranged into arbitrary patterns. The ability to spatially manipulate ultracold atoms and control their tunneling and interactions at the single-particle level allows full control of a many-body quantum system. We present the design and characterization of the QMS, which integrates into a single ultra-stable apparatus a two-dimensional optical lattice, a moving optical tweezer array formed by a digital micromirror device, and site-resolved atomic imaging. We demonstrate excellent mechanical stability between the lattice and tweezer array with relative fluctuations below 10 nm, diffraction-limited imaging at a resolution of 655 nm, and high-speed real-time control of the tweezer array at a 2.52 kHz refresh rate, which will be adopted to realize fast rearrangement of atoms. The QMS also features new technologies and schemes, such as nanotextured anti-reflective windows and all-optical long-distance transport of atoms.
Under the surface
Authors: Lambert Monique , von Stutterheim Christiane , Carroll Mary , Gerwien Johannes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThrough a survey of crosslinguistic empirical studies on narratives and in the domain of motion events, we argue that the principles of language use pose a hurdle for second language acquisition, an issue that has not been given adequate attention in earlier research. These principles are part of our pragmatic knowledge which encompasses language-specific information organization at the discourse level as well as event schemata at the level of construing reportable units. The findings show how highly competent L2 speakers activate L1-based knowledge that reflects deeply entrenched principles and seems resistant to change.
Word order in the input to Argentinian Spanish-learning children
Authors: Audisio Cynthia Pamela , Quiroga Macarena Sol , Ramírez María Laura , Rosemberg Celia Renata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLanguages express events in the world by means of transitive and intransitive constructions, whose properties differ according to language typology. Children witness how specific languages express transitivity by listening to linguistic input, which varies according to contextual variables (such as the age of the speaker and the addressee). In this study, we investigated word order, one feature that typically helps discriminate between transitive and intransitive constructions but is more reliable in some languages than others. The frequency and consistency of word order as a cue towards clause transitivity was analysed in the input to 19 monolingual Spanish-learning children from Argentina (20 months old on average,SD = 0.3), diverse in terms of socioeconomic status (SES). We found that some word orders occur far more frequently and/or indicate clause transitivity much more reliably than others. In addition, their consistency as transitivity cues varied across the registers and was crucially affected by SES.
Does biologically categorised training alter the perceived exertion and neuromuscular movement profile of academy soccer players compared to traditional age‐group categorisation?
Authors: Salter Jamie , Black James , Mallett James , Barrett Steve , Towlson Christopher , Hughes Jonathan D. , De St Croix Mark 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe individual response to load is multifactorial and complicated by transient temporal changes in biological maturation. The period surrounding peak height velocity exposes potentially “fragile” individuals to systematic, age‐related increases in training loads. Bio‐banding allows practitioners to manage the biological diversity and align training to the individual development needs. This study explores the acute impact of maturation on neuromuscular performance and perceived intensity through comparing both chronological and bio‐banded training sessions. 55 male soccer players (mean ± SD; age 13.8 ± 1.4 years) were recruited from an EPPP academy. Following a warm‐up and standardised sub‐maximal run (30–15IFT), players competed in five bouts of 5‐min 6v6 small‐sided games (SSGs) before repeating the standardised sub‐maximal run. The sessions were repeated on three occasions with chronological SSGs and the same with bio‐banded SSGs wearing foot‐mounted inertial measurement units (PlayerMakerTM) with differential ratings of perceived exertion used to quantify internal loads. Mixed linear modelling indicated maturity‐specific pre–post differences in neuromuscular response, stride length and cadence having contrasting responses pre‐ (reduced) and post‐PHV (increased), and larger changes in post sessions stiffness for pre‐ (∼18.6 kN·m−1) and circa‐PHV (∼12.1 kN·m−1) players. Secondly, there were small to large differences in neuromuscular response (RSI, stride length, stiffness, and contact time) and perceptions of intensity between conditions, with bio‐banding generally reducing pre–post changes. Bio‐banding may therefore offer a mechanism to prescribe maturity‐specific training loads which may help to alleviate the impact of repeated exposure to high‐intensity activity, thus reducing injury risk whilst promoting long‐term player development.
Phase transition grade and microstructure of AdS black holes in massive gravity
Authors: Li Guan-Ru , Li Guo-Ping , Guo Sen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Considering that under the framework of the massive gravity theory, the interaction between the mass gravitons and Schwarzschild black hole (BH) could make it carry a scalar charge, the phase transition process caused by this scalar charge is investigated in this analysis. The phase transition grade and microstructure of those BHs are investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic points of view. From the macroscopic point of view, it is found that Ehrenfest equations are satisfied at the phase transition critical point, which implies that the phase transition grade of those BHs is second-order. Based on the BH molecules model and Landau continuous phase transition theory, the phase transition of those BHs from the microcosmic point of view is analyzed. The critical exponents obtained from the two perspectives are consistent. By investigating the Ruppeiner geometry, the microstructure feature of those BHs is revealed. These results suggest that the phase transition of BH in massive gravity is a standard second-order phase transition at the critical point, and the microscopic details of those BHs are different from the Reissner–Nordström AdS BH in standard Einstein gravity.
Gravitational waveform of moving source with high speed
Authors: He Xiaokai , Liu Xiaolin , Cao Zhoujian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Current gravitational waveform models used by detection data analysis have not included the effect of the moving speed of the sources relative to detector. Few works about the gravitational waveform problem for moving sources exist in the literature. And all of them have taken some approximations. Some of them just considered frequency shift. Some of them used slow speed approximation. In the current paper, we apply the precise Lorentz transformation of gravitational wave to generate the gravitational waveform for moving sources with any high speed. Our calculation is straightforward but without any approximation. That is to say our result is valid in the whole velocity range 0 ⩽ v < c which is only limited by the speed of light coming from general relativity itself. If only a waveform model of a rest source is given, our result can be applied directly to generate the waveform for the corresponding moving source with any high speed. Such waveform is valid for binary black hole coalescence happening extremely close to a super-massive black hole. As an example, we apply our method to the effect of kick velocity of binary black hole. The adjusted waveform by the kick velocity is presented in the current paper.
Multibeam antennas with customized elevation angles based on near-field magnetic field coupling of metamaterials
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Jiafu , Han Yajuan , Zhu Ruichao , Liu Tonghao , Fu Xinmin , Chu Zuntian , Li Yongfeng , Qu Shaobo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose the design of multibeam antennas with customized elevation angles based on near-field magnetic field coupling of metamaterials. The antenna consists of a monopole feed and four identical metamaterial transmission-line (MTL) structures surrounding the feed. The MTL structure is composed of two pairs of broadside-coupled omega rings (BCORs) that are connected by two straight strip-lines. Under such a framework, magnetic fields within the near-field zone of the monopole feed can be coupled efficiently by the inner BCOR, converted to travelling waves along the double strip-lines, guided toward the outer end of the MTL structure, and radiated by the outer BCOR like a loop antenna. Due to travelling wave nature of the MTL structure, there is phase lag along the MTL structure and the radiation main lobes are tilted towards the outward direction. By arranging several MTL structures around the feed monopole, multi-beam directional radiation can be realized. More interestingly, by adjusting structural parameters and pitch angles of the MTL structures, elevation angle of the radiation main lobes can be customized. To validate the design, we simulated, fabricated and measured four prototypes with pitch angles 0°, 15°, 30° and 45°. Both the simulated and measured results verify the design and show that multiple-beam radiation with customized elevation angle can be obtained. This work provides an alternative method of designing multi-beam antennas and may find applications in communication, surveillance, etc.
Vibration-modelling-based fault feature analysis for incipient damage identification of sun gear
Authors: Liu Xianzeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Different types of incipient damage to gears need to be distinguished for the reliable and safe operation of mechanical equipment. However, the identification of various types of incipient gear damage is still a challenge for the fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes. To identify the various types of incipient damage in a sun gear, fault feature analysis is conducted for various damage conditions in a planetary gearbox. First, the internal excitation aroused by gear damage is computed and the effects of the typical damage modes of a sun gear on the internal excitation are demonstrated. Then, the internal excitation of the damaged sun gear is applied into the dynamic model of the planetary gear train to simulate distributed damage or local damage. After that, with the vibration responses obtained from the dynamic model, a vibration signal model is proposed to simulate the vibration signals of the planetary gearbox. Furthermore, the vibration signals are analysed over the time domain and frequency domain. The fault features of the planetary gearbox are characterized by using residual signals and variational mode decomposition signals, which are useful for identifying the various incipient damage types of a sun gear. Finally, the simulated results are validated by experimental tests.
An assessment of statistical models of competitive growth during transient Ostwald ripening in turbine disc nickel-based superalloys
Authors: Anderson M J , Liao L , Basoalto H C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ability to accurately predict the time evolution of precipitate size distributions is fundamental to optimising heat treatments and mechanical properties of engineering alloys. Mean-field models of the particle growth rates assume that diffusion fields between neighbouring particles are weakly coupled reducing the problem to a single particle embedded in an effective medium. This regime of behaviour is expected to be satisfied for low volume fraction alloys. However, these assumptions are not fulfilled in many applications of interest where strong interactions between precipitates holds. Correction factors are often introduced to account for the accelerated rate of diffusion caused by the overlapping of diffusion fields between neighbouring precipitates. This paper applies the Wang–Glicksman–Rajan–Voorhees (WGRV) discrete point-source/sink model to compare descriptions of competitive growth. This includes assessing correction factors to the mean-field particle growth rate derived by Ardell, Marqusee and Ross, and Svoboda and Fischer in addition to Di Nunzio’s pairwise interaction model. The WGRV model is used as a benchmark to compare different approximations of competitive growth that apply similar assumptions. This is followed by the application of the models to simulate precipitation kinetics during long term aging kinetics observed in the nickel-based superalloys IN738LC and RR1000. It is shown that the competitive growth correction factors are accurate for volume fractions of 20% and under-predict the acceleration of precipitate kinetics predicted at 40%. The WGRV model is able to capture the coarsening kinetics observed in both IN738LC and RR1000 with reasonable accuracy. The WGRV model determines particle growth rates as a function of the immediate neighbourhood and provides an improved prediction of the coarsening behaviour of tertiary particles in RR1000 in comparison to the mean-field approximation, however over-estimates the growth rate of the tertiary particles compared to experimental data.
Phase field crystal model for particles with n-fold rotational symmetry in two dimensions
Authors: Weigel Robert F B , Schmiedeberg Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We introduce a phase field crystal (PFC) model for particles with n-fold rotational symmetry in two dimensions. Our approach is based on a free energy functional that depends on the reduced one-particle density, the strength of the orientation, and the direction of the orientation, where all these order parameters depend on the position. The functional is constructed such that for particles with axial symmetry (i.e. n = 2) the PFC model for liquid crystals as introduced by Löwen (2010 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
22 364105) is recovered. We discuss the stability of the functional and explore phases that occur for 1 ⩽ n ⩽ 6. In addition to isotropic, nematic, stripe, and triangular order, we also observe cluster crystals with square, rhombic, honeycomb, and even quasicrystalline symmetry. The n-fold symmetry of the particles corresponds to the one that can be realized for colloids with symmetrically arranged patches. We explain how both, repulsive as well as attractive patches, are described in our model.