bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case–case genome-wide association analysis identifying genetic loci with divergent effects on Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Jung Seulgi , Kim Yongjae , Park Dohoon , Lee Yoonho , Park Sojung , Baek Jiwon , Hwang Sung Wook , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Suk-Kyun , Ye Byong Duk , Han Buhm , Song Kyuyoung , Lee Ho-Su 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), two major subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease, show substantial differences in their clinical course and treatment response. To identify the genetic factors underlying the distinct characteristics of these two diseases, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) between CD (n = 2359) and UC (n = 2175) in a Korean population, followed by replication in an independent sample of 772 CD and 619 UC cases. Two novel loci were identified with divergent effects on CD and UC: rs9842650 in CD200 and rs885026 in NCOR2. In addition, the seven established susceptibility loci [major histocompatibility complex (MHC), TNFSF15, OTUD3, USP12, IL23R, FCHSD2 and RIPK2] reached genome-wide significance. Of the nine loci, six (MHC, TNFSF15, OTUD3, USP12, IL23R and CD200) were replicated in the case–case GWAS of European populations. The proportion of variance explained in CD–UC status by polygenic risk score analysis was up to 22.6%. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve value was 0.74, suggesting acceptable discrimination between CD and UC. This CD–UC GWAS provides new insights into genetic differences between the two diseases with similar symptoms and might be useful in improving their diagnosis and treatment.
Limitations introduced by a low participation rate of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data
Authors: Pluss Olivia , Campbell Harlan , Pezzi Laura , Morales Ivonne , Roell Yannik , Quandelacy Talia M , Arora Rahul Krishan , Boucher Emily , Lamb Molly M , Chu May , Bärnighausen Till , Jaenisch Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
There has been a large influx of COVID-19 seroprevalence studies, but comparability between the seroprevalence estimates has been an issue because of heterogeneities in testing platforms and study methodology. One potential source of heterogeneity is the response or participation rate.

Methods
We conducted a review of participation rates (PR) in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies collected by SeroTracker and examined their effect on the validity of study conclusions. PR was calculated as the count of participants for whom the investigators had collected a valid sample, divided by the number of people invited to participate in the study. A multivariable beta generalized linear model with logit link was fitted to determine if the PR of international household and community-based seroprevalence studies was associated with the factors of interest, from 1 December 2019 to 10 March 2021.

Results
We identified 90 papers based on screening and were able to calculate the PR for 35 out of 90 papers (39%), with a median PR of 70% and an interquartile range of 40.92; 61% of the studies did not report PR.

Conclusions
Many SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies do not report PR. It is unclear what the median PR rate would be had a larger portion not had limitations in reporting. Low participation rates indicate limited representativeness of results. Non-probabilistic sampling frames were associated with higher participation rates but may be less representative. Standardized definitions of participation rate and data reporting necessary for the PR calculations are essential for understanding the representativeness of seroprevalence estimates in the population of interest.
“I don't like to be seen by a male provider”: health workers’ strike, economic, and sociocultural reasons for home birth in settings with free maternal healthcare in Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi Anthony Idowu , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Ending maternal mortality has been a significant global health priority for decades. Many sub-Saharan African countries introduced user fee removal policies to attain this goal and ensure universal access to health facility delivery. However, many women in Nigeria continue to deliver at home. We examined the reasons for home birth in settings with free maternal healthcare in Southwestern and North Central Nigeria.

Methods
We adopted a fully mixed, sequential, equal-status design. For the quantitative study, we drew data from 211 women who reported giving birth at home from a survey of 1227 women of reproductive age who gave birth in the 5 y before the survey. The qualitative study involved six focus group discussions and 68 in-depth interviews. Data generated through the interviews were coded and subjected to inductive thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data.

Results
Women faced several barriers that limited their use of skilled birth attendants. These barriers operate at multiple levels and could be grouped as economic, sociocultural and health facility–related factors. Despite the user fee removal policy, lack of transportation, birth unpreparedness and lack of money pushed women to give birth at home. Also, sociocultural reasons such as hospital delivery not being deemed necessary in the community, women not wanting to be seen by male health workers, husbands not motivated and husbands’ disapproval hindered the use of health facilities for childbirth.

Conclusions
This study has demonstrated that free healthcare does not guarantee universal access to healthcare. Interventions, especially in the Nasarawa state of Nigeria, should focus on the education of mothers on the importance of health facility–based delivery and birth preparedness.
Efficient DNA/RNA extraction from tarsal plates by SK mill, a freeze-crush apparatus
Authors: Oku Hiroaki , Watanabe Akihide , Tokuda Yuichi , Nakayama Tomomichi , Tashiro Kei , Sotozono Chie , Nakano Masakazu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe tarsal plate is an eyelid tissue that maintains lid structure from inside the upper/lower eyelids, and it surrounds the meibomian glands and supports their unique secretion mechanism. Sebaceous carcinoma, a malignant eyelid tumour, can sometimes develop from the meibomian glands and is usually excised together with the tarsal plate during surgery, so the tarsal plate serves as a control research tissue. However, since the plate is thick, hard and heterogeneous with few cells, obtaining enough genomic DNA and/or total RNA is often difficult. Therefore, we attempted to establish an efficient protocol to obtain DNA and RNA simultaneously by comparing the combinations of homogenization (mortar/pestle, pellet pestle or SK mill) and purification (organic solvent or spin column) methods using rabbit tarsal plates. Based on the yield, quality and hands-on time, the SK mill and spin column was found to be the most efficient combination. We then applied the established protocol to extract DNA/RNA from six human tarsal-plate samples and succeeded in generating high-quality exome and transcriptome datasets via a next-generation sequencer with sufficient coverage and meibomian gland-specific expression of representative genes, respectively. Our new findings will provide ideal reference data for future genetic and gene-expression studies of sebaceous carcinoma.
Beyond Resistance, Beyond Assimilation: Reimagining Citizenship through Poetry
Authors: Azad Abdul Kalam , Nadkarni Divya , Bunders-Aelen Joske G F 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe members of the Miya community in Assam, India have been facing an exacerbated threat of statelessness. Among the emancipatory grassroots organizations that have emerged to defend the rights of the Miya community, is an aesthetic resistance movement, now recognized as the ‘Miya Poetry’ movement. The bulk of the movement’s work since its emergence in 2016 has been to call attention to the discriminations and human rights violations faced by the Miya people in citizenship contestation processes. Miya poetry has, on the one hand, received wide acceptance as a poetry of protest and resistance in artistic, academic, and liberal media circles, while on the other, its contributors have been frequently criminalized or questioned by the state for their political views. In this article, we argue that Miya poetry should be looked at beyond the frames of resistance and protest in order to understand its social work as a human-rights movement. These poems have the affective capacity to build resilience, to facilitate complex understandings of difference, and to reimagine equality, democratic values, and freedom from forced assimilation as integral to the idea of citizenship. We used innovative methods to form our data corpus, combining life history interviews with analyses of selected poems. We deployed thematic analysis to report our results. The findings will be useful not only for the poets and artists of different genres who seek to defend human rights, but more broadly for global human-rights practices that wish to actuate a deeper reflective engagement with art-based activisms.
Analysis of the Antennal Transcriptome and Identification of Tissue-specific Expression of Olfactory-related Genes in Micromelalopha troglodyta (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)
Authors: Zhang Yu , Feng Kai , Mei Ruolan , Li Wei , Tang Fang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) has been one of the most serious pests on poplars in China. We used Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing to construct an antennal transcriptome and identify olfactory-related genes. In total, 142 transcripts were identified, including 74 odorant receptors (ORs), 32 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 13 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 20 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). The genetic relationships were obtained by the phylogenetic tree, and the tissue-specific expression of important olfactory-related genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT–PCR). The results showed that most of these genes are abundantly expressed in the antennae and head. In most insects, olfaction plays a key role in foraging, host localization, and searching for mates. Our research lays the foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of the olfactory system in M. troglodyta. In addition, this study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the relationship between M. troglodyta and their host plants, and for the biological control of M. troglodyta using olfactory receptor as targets.
Prevalence of Pediculosis Among Primary School-Aged Students in Iran: an Updated Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Akbari Morteza , Sheikhi Soraya , Rafinejad Javad , Akbari Mohammad Reza , Pakzad Iraj , Abdi Fatemeh , Pakzad Reza , Aivazi Ali Ashraf 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a systematic investigation was performed to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation, and to determine the factors affecting the prevalence of heterogeneity among primary school-aged children in Iran. A comprehensive search was fulfilled in international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, to identify the articles on the prevalence of pediculosis. So, all the cross-sectional epidemiological studies evaluating the prevalence of pediculosis were covered without any restrictions. A random-effects model was used to assess the pooled prevalence. A meta-regression method was applied to determine the factors affecting the heterogeneity among the studied population. An analysis was performed on 67 studies with a total sample size of 358,053. The total pooled estimate for the prevalence of pediculosis in boys and girls was 7.52% (95% CI: 6.15–9.03), 1.99% (95% CI: 1.25–2.89), and 8.97% (95% CI: 721–10.91), respectively. The highest and lowest pooled prevalence was in Hormozgan (southern Iran) (29.21%; 95% CI: 8.89–55.34) and Isfahan (Central Iran) (0.69%; 95% CI: 0.59–0.80), respectively. Based on the results of the univariate meta-regression, gender and father’s job showed a significant direct association with the prevalence of pediculosis, but the sample size had significant inverse relations with the prevalence of pediculosis. This study demonstrated that pediculosis is a common public health problem affecting school-aged children with a relatively high prevalence in Iran, especially among girls.
The Effect of Different Heavy Metals on the Development of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Kökdener Meltem , Gündüz Nevran Eylem Akman , Zeybekoğlu Ünal , Aykut Umut , Yılmaz Ahmet Fazıl 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of three different heavy metals at different concentrations on some life-history traits of Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). First-instar larvae of L. sericata were reared on a diet containing four concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 1, and 2 µg/g) of the heavy metals (cadmium, zinc copper). The parameters measured were larval and pupal mortality, larval length, adult, pupal, and larval weight, and development time. Larval and pupal survival decreased as heavy metal concentrations increased. Pupal weight was significantly different among heavy metals andc oncentrations, but the adult weight was not significantly different among heavy metals and concentrations. The larval length was significantly different among concentrations and heavy metals. This study reveals that the presence of heavy metal in carrion or the carrion environment should be inconsidered when estimating the time of colonization in forensic investigations.
Cancer risks by sex and variant type in PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome
Authors: Hendricks Linda A J , Hoogerbrugge Nicoline , Mensenkamp Arjen R , Brunet Joan , Lleuger-Pujol Roser , Høberg-Vetti Hildegunn , Tveit Haavind Marianne , Innella Giovanni , Turchetti Daniela , Aretz Stefan , Spier Isabel , Tischkowitz Marc , Jahn Arne , Links Thera P , Olderode-Berends Maran J W , Blatnik Ana , Leter Edward M , Evans D Gareth , Woodward Emma R , Steinke-Lange Verena , Anastasiadou Violetta C , Colas Chrystelle , Villy Marie-Charlotte , Benusiglio Patrick R , Gerasimenko Anna , Barili Valeria , Branchaud Maud , Houdayer Claude , Tesi Bianca , Yazicioglu M Omer , van der Post Rachel S , Schuurs-Hoeijmakers Janneke H M ,   PTEN Study Group, van Hest Liselotte P , Adank Muriel A , Duijkers Floor , Nielsen Maartje , Verbeek Katja C J , van Ierland Yvette , Giltay Jacques C , Vos Janet R , Vos Janet R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS) is a rare syndrome with a broad phenotypic spectrum, including increased risks of breast (BC, 67%-78% at age 60 years), endometrial (EC, 19%-28%), and thyroid cancer (TC, 6%-38%). Current risks are likely overestimated due to ascertainment bias. We aimed to provide more accurate and personalized cancer risks.

Methods
This was a European, adult PHTS cohort study with data from medical files, registries, and/or questionnaires. Cancer risks and hazard ratios were assessed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses, and standardized incidence ratios were calculated. Bias correction consisted of excluding cancer index cases and incident case analyses.

Results
A total of 455 patients were included, including 50.5% index cases, 372 with prospective follow-up (median 6 years, interquartile range = 3-10 years), and 159 of 281 females and 39 of 174 males with cancer. By age 60 years, PHTS-related cancer risk was higher in females (68.4% to 86.3%) than males (16.4% to 20.8%). Female BC risks ranged from 54.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 43.0% to 66.4%) to 75.8% (95% CI = 60.7% to 88.4%), with two- to threefold increased risks for PTEN truncating and approximately twofold for phosphatase domain variants. EC risks ranged from 6.4% (95% CI = 2.1% to 18.6%) to 22.1% (95% CI = 11.6% to 39.6%) and TC risks from 8.9% (95% CI = 5.1% to 15.3%) to 20.5% (95% CI = 11.3% to 35.4%). Colorectal cancer, renal cancer, and melanoma risks were each less than 10.0%.

Conclusions
Females have a different BC risk depending on their PTEN germline variant. PHTS patients are predominantly at risk of BC (females), EC, and TC. This should be the main focus of surveillance. These lower, more unbiased and personalized risks provide guidance for optimized cancer risk management.
The effect of social approval on perceptions following social media message sharing applied to fake news
Authors: Walther Joseph B , Lew Zijian , Edwards America L , Quick Justice 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A field experiment examined social approval in the form of Twitter “Likes” on individuals’ perceptions after retweeting a fictitious news story about a politician. The study incorporated research about feedback effects on self-perception online, partisan bias, and negativity principles. Participants read or retweeted a (verifiably false) news story via social media, and researchers appended systematic increments of Likes to the retweets. A baseline hypothesis test found no effect on perceptions due to retweeting versus simply reading a news story. Results supported a predicted three-way interaction effect between positive versus negative news story, political congruence with participants’ political party identification, and the reception of 0–22 Likes on perceptions of the politician. More Likes magnified negative perceptions of politicians, from fictitious news, when news stories were negative and focused on politicians from one’s opposite political party.
Caregiver Expressed Emotion in Families of Youth With Spina Bifida: Demographic, Medical, and Family Correlates
Authors: Stiles-Shields Colleen , Kritikos Tessa K , Winning Adrien M , Starnes Meredith , Holmbeck Grayson N 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveCaregiver expressed emotion (EE), an interview-based measure of emotional valence within an interpersonal relationship, is associated with psychosocial outcomes across multiple conditions. Guided by a model implicating a bidirectional role of “Chronic Family Stress” in the unfolding of EE in family environments, the current study examined demographic, medical, and family-level variables in association with EE in caregivers of children with spina bifida (SB).MethodsData were combined from 2 distinct studies of families with a child with SB, resulting in a sample of 174 (ages 8–17). Linear regressions examined the family stressors and child variables in association with maternal and paternal warmth and criticism, as coded from EE interviews.ResultsHigher levels of family stress were associated with paternal criticism (p = .03), while having non-Hispanic White children was associated with both maternal and paternal criticism (ps &lt; .005). Having children younger in age (ps &lt; .01) and without a shunt (ps &lt; .01) was associated with higher warmth.ConclusionsFamily stressors, absence of the negative impacts of systemic racism, shunt status, and age appear to be associated with the expression of EE in caregivers of a child with SB. Findings highlight multiple assessment considerations, including assessing EE when children are younger to engage caregivers with children with SB when they are more likely to be expressing more warmth. Pinpointing factors associated with caregiver EE in SB will help to better identify families at risk for high levels of criticism and also aid in the development of targeted prevention and intervention programs.
Dysregulation of Long Noncoding RNANEAT1/miR-199a-5/BiP Axis in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Hassani Seyedeh Sara , Karamali Negin , Rajabinejad Misagh , Ashjari Donya , Afshar Hezarkhani Leila , Gorgin Karaji Ali , Salari Farhad , Rezaiemanesh Alireza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveDiabetic neuropathy (DN) is a type of nerve damage and the most common complication of diabetes. Regarding the association between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with the pathogenesis of neuropathy, this study aims to examine binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) gene expression and long noncoding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), miR-199a-5 as its regulator in the peripheral blood of DN patients compared to diabetic patients without neuropathy.MethodsPeripheral blood samples were obtained from DN (n = 20) patients and diabetic patients without neuropathy (non-DN) (n = 20). After RNA extraction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate RNA expression.ResultsThe results showed that the expression level of NEAT1 and BiP genes in the DN group increased significantly compared to the non-DN group. Also, the expression level of miR-199a-5p in the DN group was significantly downregulated.ConclusionAs a result, the axis of NEAT1, miR-199a-5p, and BiP may have a role in the DN pathogenesis.
Natural history of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: Further examination of the VA-Armed Forces Database
Authors: Shemuel Joseph , Bays Derek J , Thompson George R , Reef Susan , Snyder Linda , Freifeld Alana J , Huppert Milt , Salkin David , Wilson Machelle D , Galgiani John N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There are still many limitations related to the understanding of the natural history of differing forms of coccidioidomycosis (CM), including characterizing the spectrum of pulmonary disease. The historical Veterans Administration-Armed Forces database, recorded primarily before the advent of antifungal therapy, presents an opportunity to characterize the natural history of pulmonary CM. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 342 armed forces service members who were diagnosed with pulmonary CM at VA facilities between 1955 to 1958, followed through 1966, who did not receive antifungal therapy. Patients were grouped by predominant pulmonary finding on chest radiographs. The all-cause mortality was low for all patients (4.6%). Cavities had a median size of 3-3.9 cm (IQR: 2-2.9–4-4.9 cm), with heterogeneous wall thickness and no fluid level, while nodules had a median size of 1-1.19 cm (Interquartile range [IQR] 1-1.9–2-2.9 cm) and sharp borders. The majority of cavities were chronic (85.6%), and just under half were found incidentally. Median complement fixation titers in both the nodular and cavitary groups were negative, with higher titers in the cavitary group overall.
This retrospective cohort study of non-disseminated coccidioidomycosis, the largest to date, sheds light on the natural history, serologic markers, and radiologic characteristics of this understudied disease. These findings have implications for the evaluation and management of CM.
The light-curve intrinsic variability in 47 Kepler contact binary stars
Authors: Debski B 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
This work studies the significance of light-curve intrinsic variability in the numerical modelling of contact binaries. Using synthetic light curves, we show that the starspot-based intrinsic variability increases the apparent mass ratio by $\Delta q=5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. For systems with orbital period P &gt; 0.3 d, the effects of intrinsic variability averaged over a long time are compensated by Kepler-mission-like phase smearing. Further, we analyse 47 totally eclipsing Kepler mission contact binaries. We find a sharp cut-off of the intrinsic variability at P = 0.45 d. With light-curve numerical modelling and observational relations, we derive the physical parameters of 47 systems. At least 53 per cent of binaries have a possible third companion. 21 binaries show the O’Connell effect in the averaged phase curve. 19 of them have a primary maximum lower than the secondary, suggesting a stationary dark region on the trailing side. Using the P = 0.45 d cut-off, we propose a new approach to the period–colour relation. The only parameter correlating with the magnitude of the intrinsic variability is the apparent effective temperature ratio. We conclude that, instead of describing the system parameters, the A/W subtype division should be applicable only to the light curves, as a tentative phenomenon.