bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2021 Patient Preferences for Point of Care Testing Survey: More Acceptance and Less Concern
Authors: Lilly Craig M , Wang Ziyue , Dunlap Denise , Kaye Jeffrey , Gohtard Sarah , Teebagy Sean , Hafer Nathaniel , Rogers Eugene J , Buchholz Bryan , McManus David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The evolving opinions of our community members provide insights into how end-users perceive the value and identify key point-of-care test (POCT) characteristics.

Methods
We deployed our validated 45-item English-language survey to uncompensated volunteers and compared the results from 1264 respondents in 2021 with those obtained in 2020.

Results
Average responses for items regarding the benefits of POCTs demonstrated that the 2021 respondents indicated agreement with all 14 potential benefits. Average responses for items regarding concerns were distinctly different from those for benefits. The only concern item that scored in the agree range was “not having insurance coverage for POCTs.” Average responses to the other 13 concern items were in the disagree range. For 8 of these items, the magnitude of disagreement was greater in the 2021 survey than was observed for the 2020 survey. Differences in POCT exposure over time and by US regions suggest that higher levels of exposure to POCTs in the East are associated with stronger public support.

Conclusions
Community members strongly support the development of accurate, convenient, easy-to-use, affordable, equitably available, in-home POCTs that produce immediate results. This empowers patients and home caregivers to diagnose, manage, enhance their adherence to medical treatments, and more efficiently engage their physicians.
Admission Frailty Score Are Associated With Increased Risk of Acute Respiratory Failure and Mortality in Burn Patients 50 and Older
Authors: Galet Colette , Lawrence Kevin , Lilienthal Drew , Hubbard Janice , Romanowski Kathleen S , Skeete Dionne A , Mashruwala Neil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Herein, we assessed the utility of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale (CSHA-CFS) to predict burn-specific outcomes. We hypothesized that frail patients are at greater risk for burn-related complications and require increased healthcare support at discharge. Patients 50 years and older admitted to our institution for burn injuries between July 2009 and June 2019 were included. Demographics, comorbidities, pre-injury functional status, injury and hospitalization information, complications (graft loss, acute respiratory failure, and acute kidney disease [AKI]), mortality, and discharge disposition were collected. Multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between admission frailty scored using the CSHA-CFS and outcomes. P &lt; .05 was considered significant. Eight-hundred fifty-one patients were included, 697 were not frail and 154 were frail. Controlling for Baux scores, sex, race, mechanism of injury, 2nd and 3rd degree burn surface, and inhalation injury, frailty was associated with acute respiratory failure (OR = 2.599 [1.460–4.628], P = .001) and with mortality (OR = 6.080 [2.316–15.958]; P &lt; .001). Frailty was also associated with discharge to skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation, or long-term acute care facilities (OR = 3.135 [1.784–5.508], P &lt; .001), and to hospice (OR = 8.694 [1.646–45.938], P = .011) when compared to home without healthcare services. Frailty is associated with increased risk of acute respiratory failure, mortality, and requiring increased healthcare support post-discharge. Our data suggest that frailty can be used as a tool to predict morbidity and mortality and for goals of care discussions for the burn patient.
The recent amendment to the Intellectual Property Act, No. 36 of 2003 of Sri Lanka
Authors: Samaranayake Wathsala Ravihari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
After a prolonged legislative process, a new piece of legislation was finally introduced into the intellectual property legal paradigm of Sri Lanka. The Intellectual Property (Amendment) Act, No. 8 of 2022, represents a significant milestone in the legal history of Sri Lanka as it establishes a national registration system for geographical indications (GIs) reinforcing the protection of GIs at both the domestic and international level.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiotherapy in Japan: nationwide surveys from May 2020 through June 2021
Authors: Tamari Keisuke , Nagata Yasushi , Mizowaki Takashi , Kodaira Takeshi , Onishi Hiroshi , Ogawa Kazuhiko , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Shigematsu Naoyuki , Uno Takashi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A longitudinal online questionnaire survey on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the operation of radiotherapy departments in Japan was conducted. Approximately 26.1–70.9% of the radiotherapy departments participated, and their responses were collected in May, July and November 2020, and February and June 2021. The survey results revealed that while the number of patients receiving radiotherapy decreased in 41.2% and 30.7% of institutions in May 2020 and June 2021, respectively, it increased in 4% and 16.8% of institutions in May 2020 and June 2021, respectively. There were a few institutions limiting or postponing patient treatments in June 2021. The hypofractionated regimen was used more during the pandemic than during the pre-pandemic period, particularly for the treatment of breast and prostate cancers as well as for palliation. Infection control measures for patients and staff were followed. Approximately 20% of the respondent institutions had cases of patients with COVID-19 infection receiving radiotherapy. Most institutions encountered challenges in the continuous provision of radiotherapy for patients with COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 had a multifaceted impact on the operations of radiotherapy departments in Japan. Further follow-up and analysis are warranted to understand the long-term impact of COVID-19 on radiotherapy.
Amyand’s hernia: non incarcerated, inflamed appendix in inguinal sac case report
Authors: Olamaeian Faranak , Saberi Pirouz Mahdi , Sheibani Fatemeh , Tayebi Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Inguinal hernia is described as protrusion of abdominal structures into inguinal canal, such as intestinal loop and abdominal fascia. Appendix rarely bulges into inguinal canal which is called Amyand’s hernia. A 55-year-old diabetic male presented to an outpatient clinic with right inguinal bulging since 2 years ago which was non-tender, without erythema and became non reducible since 2 days ago. Also bulging worsened by physical activity. The patient went through operation and an inflamed appendix was found stuck in hernia sac. Non incarcerated inguinal hernia can be diagnosed with physical examination and there is no need of further imaging which makes it hard to diagnose the nature of protrusion. Amyand’s hernia usually presents with pain due to appendicitis which mimics incarcerated hernia and makes it easier to suspect the etiology and request for further investigation. However in this case, pain was suppressed and this patient was candidate for elective inguinal herniotomy.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Direct Taxation and Negotiated Governance in Colonial Indonesia
Authors: Manse Maarten 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article investigates the implementation of direct taxes in colonial Indonesia between roughly 1870 and 1930, to widen our understanding of colonial governance and fiscal state building. It examines the various connotations given to taxation by colonial politicians and statesmen, and elucidates how these were developed and experienced rather differently in practice. Taxes became rooted in local patterns of customary law, indirect rule, and constant negotiation between colonial officials, local indigenous rulers, and subjected taxpayers. This demonstrates that local, colonial institutions did not have the weight and capacity state officials claimed they had, and that in colonial context, bottom-up practices of negotiated governance and consultation, that deliberately ignored the rules of fiscal bureaucracy imposed from above, were pivotal to taxation.
The Canon of the Pistis Sophia Books 1–3
Authors: Parkhouse Sarah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The first three books of the Pistis Sophia demonstrate an awareness of an emerging canon in a late third-century Egyptian textual community. The canonical boundary is revealed through the scriptural practices employed by the author: texts considered to be within the canon are cited and interpreted as authoritative literature, used to authenticate the teachings of Pist. Soph., whereas texts outside of the canon are open to substantial revision and woven into the narrative without a citation formula. This paper examines the author’s use of the Hebrew Bible, the Odes of Solomon, and the Gospels as canonical literature, and asks which other texts were in his literary repertoire, suggesting that the Apocryphon of John, the Gospel of Mary, and the Ascension of Isaiah were used as inspiration for composing the new narrative and dialogue.
Biogenic signals from plastids and their role in chloroplast development
Authors: Liebers Monique , Cozzi Carolina , Uecker Finia , Chambon Louise , Blanvillain Robert , Pfannschmidt Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plant seeds do not contain differentiated chloroplasts. Upon germination, the seedlings thus need to gain photoautotrophy before storage energies are depleted. This requires the coordinated expression of photosynthesis genes encoded in nuclear and plastid genomes. Chloroplast biogenesis needs to be additionally coordinated with the light regulation network that controls seedling development. This coordination is achieved by nucleus to plastid signals called anterograde and plastid to nucleus signals termed retrograde. Retrograde signals sent from plastids during initial chloroplast biogenesis are also called biogenic signals. They have been recognized as highly important for proper chloroplast biogenesis and for seedling development. The molecular nature, transport, targets, and signalling function of biogenic signals are, however, under debate. Several studies disproved the involvement of a number of key components that were at the base of initial models of retrograde signalling. New models now propose major roles for a functional feedback between plastid and cytosolic protein homeostasis in signalling plastid dysfunction as well as the action of dually localized nucleo-plastidic proteins that coordinate chloroplast biogenesis with light-dependent control of seedling development. This review provides a survey of the developments in this research field, summarizes the unsolved questions, highlights several recent advances, and discusses potential new working modes.
Two Lost Items of Humeana
Authors: Waldmann Felix 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This note reports on the disappearance of two items associated with the philosopher David Hume (1711–1776). The first item, formerly preserved in the National Library of Scotland, is a portion of a manuscript: the Register of the Proceedings of the Curators and Keeper of the Library of the Faculty of Advocates. The portion concerns the period during which Hume held the Keepership of the Library. The second item, formerly preserved in the National Museums of Scotland, is one of only two extant copies of Hume’s supressed Five Dissertations (1755–6).
Genetics of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Albin Roger L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The genetics of Parkinson disease (PD) are reviewed in this chapter. Current understanding of PD was markedly affected by the application of modern genomic methods. Both Mendelian forms of PD and genetic risk factors are discussed in detail. Pleomorphic risk loci, defined as the connection between identified Mendelian forms of PD and genetic risk factors, are discussed. The best-documented Mendelian forms of PD and PD associated with glucocerebrosidase mutations are described. The roles of genetic studies in exploring PD pathogenesis and identifying potential therapeutic targets are discussed.
Prodromal Parkinson Disease
Authors: Albin Roger L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The concept of prodromal Parkinson disease (PD) is reviewed. A large body of data indicates that overt, defining clinical manifestations are preceded by long periods of subclinical neurodegeneration and gradually emergent functional abnormalities below thresholds for clinical diagnosis. The general concept of long prodromal periods is consistent with neuropathologic evidence of apparently asymptomatic brain α-synucleinopathy pathologies. The importance of idiopathic (isolated) rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is highlighted. Studies of observational cohorts, iRBD cohorts, genetic cohorts, and pure autonomic failure are reviewed.
Clinical Features II
Authors: Albin Roger L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, the nature, variety, and impact of non-motor features of Parkinson disease (PD) are reviewed. Non-motor features, commonly termed non-motor symptoms (NMS), are aspects of PD with great clinical impacts. The high morbidity associated with many non-motor features is emphasized: in both health-related quality of life (QoL) studies and surveys of clinical impacts of PD, non-motor features are identified by patients, caregivers, and clinicians as some of the most troublesome aspects of PD. Cognitive impairments, neuropsychiatric disorders, sleep disorders, pain, fatigue, autonomic disorders, visual disorders, and oral health problems are reviewed.
Pharmacology I
Authors: Albin Roger L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of management for Parkinson disease (PD). Pharmacotherapy is the most impactful intervention, and other treatment modalities generally work best in conjunction with judicious pharmacotherapy. Pharmacotherapy is primarily symptomatic dopamine (DA) replacement therapy (DRT) with L-dopa preparations, adjuncts to L-dopa preparations, and/or DA agonists. L-dopa preparations continue to be the best treatment for PD. This chapter reviews the fundamentals of dopaminergic neurotransmission, and L-dopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The potential mechanism of peak dose dyskinesias is reviewed, as are the interactions of disease progression with L-dopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
“Say, Who Owns This House?”: US Violence, Indebtedness, and Care in Toni Morrison’s Home
Authors: Pak Yumi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The simultaneous exclusion from and the complicated desire for inclusion within the narrative of “America” haunts Home (2012), Toni Morrison’s tenth novel. Taking place primarily in 1954, the novel follows two seemingly disparate story lines, the first being that of Frank Money, a Black veteran of the Korean War, the second focusing on his younger sister Cee, who is subject to the eugenics project headed by her employer. As these storylines intersect, by virtue of these two characters being siblings, Morrison addresses the ties between military and reproductive violence and their ongoing legacies in the United States. I argue that military and reproductive violence are part and parcel of Frank and Cee’s possibilities of being hailed as Americans, to feel at “home.” Yet Frank’s interpellation is only possible when he participates in the murderous imperialism that drives US intervention in Asia, and Cee’s body is made fungible in the name of racist scientific “progress.” To be American is to buttress white supremacist ideologies around American empire and exceptionalism, and to be violent. Morrison demonstrates how exclusion from this narrative is fundamentally, necessarily, a Black feminist framework. I also address debt and indebtedness and how we imagine what is owed to whom. Finally, I draw on Christina Sharpe’s theorizing on “wake work” to demonstrate Morrison’s argument that spaces of home divorced from violence are only made possible through a Black feminist practice of care.
Maximum iron loading of ferritin: half a century of sustained citation distortion
Authors: Hagen Wilfred R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Analysis of citation networks in biomedical research has indicated that belief in a specific scientific claim can gain unfounded authority through citation bias (systematic ignoring of papers that contain content conflicting with a claim), amplification (citation to papers that don't contain primary data), and invention (citing content but claiming it has a different meaning). There is no a priori reason to expect that citation distortion is limited to particular fields of science. This Pespective presents a case study of the literature on maximum iron loading of the ferritin protein to illustrate that the field of metallomics is no exception to the rule that citation distortion is a widespread phenomenon.
Performance of creatinine-based equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate in White and Black populations in Europe, Brazil and Africa
Authors: Delanaye Pierre , Vidal-Petiot Emmanuelle , Björk Jonas , Ebert Natalie , Eriksen Björn O , Dubourg Laurence , Grubb Anders , Hansson Magnus , Littmann Karin , Mariat Christophe , Melsom Toralf , Schaeffner Elke , Sundin Per-Ola , Bökenkamp Arend , Berg Ulla B , Åsling-Monemi Kajsa , Åkesson Anna , Larsson Anders , Cavalier Etienne , Dalton R Neil , Courbebaisse Marie , Couzi Lionel , Gaillard Francois , Garrouste Cyril , Jacquemont Lola , Kamar Nassim , Legendre Christophe , Rostaing Lionel , Stehlé Thomas , Haymann Jean-Philippe , Selistre Luciano da Silva , Strogoff-de-Matos Jorge P , Bukabau Justine B , Sumaili Ernest K , Yayo Eric , Monnet Dagui , Nyman Ulf , Pottel Hans , Flamant Martin 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
A new Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation without the race variable has been recently proposed (CKD-EPIAS). This equation has neither been validated outside USA nor compared with the new European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) and Lund-Malmö Revised (LMREV) equations, developed in European cohorts.

Methods
Standardized creatinine and measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the European EKFC cohorts (n = 13 856 including 6031 individuals in the external validation cohort), from France (n = 4429, including 964 Black Europeans), from Brazil (n = 100) and from Africa (n = 508) were used to test the performances of the equations. A matched analysis between White Europeans and Black Africans or Black Europeans was performed.

Results
In White Europeans (n = 9496), both the EKFC and LMREV equations outperformed CKD-EPIAS (bias of –0.6 and –3.2, respectively versus 5.0 mL/min/1.73 m², and accuracy within 30% of 86.9 and 87.4, respectively, versus 80.9%). In Black Europeans and Black Africans, the best performance was observed with the EKFC equation using a specific Q-value (= concentration of serum creatinine in healthy males and females). These results were confirmed in matched analyses, which showed that serum creatinine concentrations were different in White Europeans, Black Europeans and Black Africans for the same measured GFR, age, sex and body mass index. Creatinine differences were more relevant in males.

Conclusion
In a European and African cohort, the performances of CKD-EPIAS remain suboptimal. The EKFC equation, using usual or dedicated population-specific Q-values, presents the best performance in the whole age range in the European and African populations included in this study.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study of bardoxolone methyl in patients with diabetic kidney disease: design and baseline characteristics of the AYAME study
Authors: Nangaku Masaomi , Takama Hirotaka , Ichikawa Tomohiro , Mukai Kazuya , Kojima Masahiro , Suzuki Yusuke , Watada Hirotaka , Wada Takashi , Ueki Kohjiro , Narita Ichiei , Kashihara Naoki , Kadowaki Takashi , Hase Hiroki , Akizawa Tadao 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but currently available treatments do not improve kidney function or prevent the initiation of dialysis/kidney replacement therapy. A previous study demonstrated that bardoxolone methyl improves the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but the study was prematurely terminated because of an imbalance in heart failure between treatment groups. The subsequent phase 2 TSUBAKI study demonstrated no incidence of heart failure and an improved eGFR and GFR as determined by inulin clearance in DKD patients.

Methods
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre phase 3 study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of bardoxolone methyl in DKD patients with an eGFR ≥15.0–&lt;60.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 and a urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) ≤3500 mg/g but without risk factors for heart failure. The primary endpoint is the time to onset of a ≥30% decrease in the eGFR or ESKD. Randomized patients (1:1) have been under treatment with once-daily oral bardoxolone methyl (5, 10 or 15 mg by intrapatient dose adjustment) or placebo for at least 3 years.

Results
The mean age of the 1013 patients is 65.9 years, 21.5% are female, the mean eGFR is 37.84 ml/min/1.73 m2 and the median UACR is 351.80 mg/g.

Conclusions
Appropriate patients are enrolled in this study. This study will investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of bardoxolone methyl in DKD patients covering a wider range of eGFR (≥15.0–&lt;60.0 ml/min/1.73 m2) and albuminuria (≤3500 mg/g) compared with previous studies.
Thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with malignant hypertension
Authors: Cavero Teresa , Auñón Pilar , Caravaca-Fontán Fernando , Trujillo Hernando , Arjona Emi , Morales Enrique , Guillén Elena , Blasco Miquel , Rabasco Cristina , Espinosa Mario , Blanco Marta , Rodríguez-Magariños Catuxa , Cao Mercedes , Ávila Ana , Huerta Ana , Rubio Esther , Cabello Virginia , Barros Xoana , Goicoechea de Jorge Elena , Rodríguez de Córdoba Santiago , Praga Manuel 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a complication of malignant hypertension (mHTN) attributed to high blood pressure (BP). However, no studies have investigated in patients with mHTN of different aetiologies whether the presence of TMA is associated with specific causes of mHTN.

Methods
We investigated the presence of TMA (microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia) in a large and well-characterized cohort of 199 patients with mHTN of different aetiologies [primary HTN 44%, glomerular diseases 16.6%, primary atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) 13.1%, renovascular HTN 9.5%, drug-related HTN 7%, systemic diseases 5.5%, endocrine diseases 4.5%]. Outcomes of the study were kidney recovery and kidney failure.

Results
Patients with TMA [40 cases (20.1%)] were younger, were more likely female and had lower BP levels and worse kidney function at presentation. Their underlying diseases were primary aHUS (60%), drug-related mHTN (15%), glomerular diseases [all of them immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN); 10%], systemic diseases (10%) and primary HTN (5%). The presence of TMA was 92.3% in primary aHUS, 42.9% in drug-related HTN, 36.4% in systemic diseases, 12.1% in glomerular diseases and 2.3% in primary HTN. No patient with renovascular HTN or mHTN caused by endocrine diseases developed TMA, despite BP levels as high as patients with TMA. A higher proportion of TMA patients developed kidney failure as compared with patients without TMA (56.4% versus 38.9%, respectively).

Conclusions
The presence of TMA in patients with mHTN should guide the diagnosis towards primary aHUS, drug-related mHTN, some systemic diseases and IgAN, while it is exceptional in other causes of mHTN.