bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tanshinone IIA enhances the ovarian reserve and attenuates ovarian oxidative stress in aged mice
Authors: Bai Lin , He Guozhen , Gao Chenghai , Yang Hua , Li Mingxing , Huang Yulin , Moussa Mahmoud , Xu Changlong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTanshinone IIA (TSA), a major lipophilic component extracted from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been widely used in China for its various biological activities. However, its effect on ovarian reserve in aged mice was not studied elsewhere.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the effect of TSA on the ovarian reserve of aged mice as well as young mice. Forty weeks old mice (N = 40) were considered as aged group compared to 4 weeks old mice (N = 40), and these groups were subdivided into four subgroups (N = 10) to receive different doses of TSA (0, 10, 20, and 40 μg/g/day).MethodsThe effect of TSA was evaluated by counting follicular number by histological examination. Basal serum levels of FSH, LH, E2, and anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured by ELISA. Moreover, the expression levels of antioxidant genes (CAT, Nrf2, GPX1), gap junction (Cx37), ERK1/2, and Smad5 family gene were examined at both mRNA (qPCR) and protein levels (western blot).ResultsFollicular number, level of AMH and E2, and the expression of CAT, Nrf2, and GPX1 genes increased significantly (p < 0.05) in aged mice administrated with medium (20 μg/g/day) and high (40 μg/g/day) doses of TSA, whereas FSH and LH levels were significantly low compared to low dose (10 μg/g/day) and control (0 μg/g/day) aged subgroups. However, we did not observe any effect of all doses of TSA on young mice.ConclusionsAdministration of TSA with medium and high doses up‐regulates the expression of antioxidative genes, reduces the oxidative injury, increases levels of AMH, and E2 levels that are relatively comparable to those in young mice, and consequently results in a healthy oocyte development.
Integration of Crop Growth Models and Genomic Prediction
Authors: Onogi Akio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCrop growth models (CGMs) consist of multiple equations that represent physiological processes of plants and simulate crop growth dynamically given environmental inputs. Because parameters of CGMs are often genotype-specific, gene effects can be related to environmental inputs through CGMs. Thus, CGMs are attractive tools for predicting genotype by environment (G×E) interactions. This chapter reviews CGMs, genetic analyses using these models, and the status of studies that integrate genomic prediction with CGMs. Examples of CGM analyses are also provided.
Building a Calibration Set for Genomic Prediction, Characteristics to Be Considered, and Optimization Approaches
Authors: Rio Simon , Charcosset Alain , Mary-Huard Tristan , Moreau Laurence , Rincent Renaud 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe efficiency of genomic selection strongly depends on the prediction accuracy of the genetic merit of candidates. Numerous papers have shown that the composition of the calibration set is a key contributor to prediction accuracy. A poorly defined calibration set can result in low accuracies, whereas an optimized one can considerably increase accuracy compared to random sampling, for a same size. Alternatively, optimizing the calibration set can be a way of decreasing the costs of phenotyping by enabling similar levels of accuracy compared to random sampling but with fewer phenotypic units. We present here the different factors that have to be considered when designing a calibration set, and review the different criteria proposed in the literature. We classified these criteria into two groups: model-free criteria based on relatedness, and criteria derived from the linear mixed model. We introduce criteria targeting specific prediction objectives including the prediction of highly diverse panels, biparental families, or hybrids. We also review different ways of updating the calibration set, and different procedures for optimizing phenotyping experimental designs.
EnKF for an Advection Equation
Authors: Evensen Geir , Vossepoel Femke C. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses a straightforward application of the EnKF with a linear advection equation. The example illustrates the smooth spatial update that the EnKF provides and how information propagates with the flow. Furthermore, we will see how the EnKF provides consistent error statistics.
Particle Filter for Seismic-Cycle Estimation
Authors: Evensen Geir , Vossepoel Femke C. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe particle filter is an effective data-assimilation method for low-dimensional, nonlinear systems. It is easy to implement, and it is straightforward to include model error, parameters, and controls in the state vector. This chapter demonstrates the use of a particle filter in the case of a parameter bias.
Particle Flow for a Quasi-Geostrophic Model
Authors: Evensen Geir , Vossepoel Femke C. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses the application of a particle-flow filter to a two-layer quasi-geostrophic model. The reasons for including this example are twofold. First, it shows that it is possible to apply fully nonlinear data assimilation to high-dimensional systems, even without localization.
ESMDA with a SARS-COV-2 Pandemic Model
Authors: Evensen Geir , Vossepoel Femke C. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn parallel with the global SARS-COV-2 pandemic, several data-assimilation practitioners have implemented systems to predict pandemic development. Common for several of these studies is an approach of recursive updating of the model’s state variables using EnKFs or even particle filters.
Final Summary
Authors: Evensen Geir , Vossepoel Femke C. , van Leeuwen Peter Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis final chapter provides a general summary and discussion of the data-assimilation problem that will help the reader to choose a suitable assimilation method given the problem at hand, the application’s purpose, and the available time and resources. As the reader will notice, the classification below follows to a large extent the graphical representation of all the methods in Fig. 10.1007/978-3-030-96709-3_11#Fig1 from bottom to top.
The Borderless Market for Open, Distance, and Digital Education
Authors: Borgos Jill , Kinser Kevin , Kline Lindsey 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter highlights the historical, current, and emerging trends on the borderless market for ODDE. The rate of growth of the global market for ODDE is unprecedented. Both the public and private sectors are capitalizing on the seemingly limitless opportunities to expand educational offerings and the innovative delivery of ODDE. In the twentieth century, there is evidence of distance education using media formats such as television and delivery of course material through correspondence programs. With the development of the computer and internet, the depth and scope of the ODDE market in the twenty-first century is changing every day. As venture capitalists seek new financially lucrative opportunities and alternative learning formats open doors for those who otherwise may not have had access to learning opportunities, questions and concerns remain. The digital divide (access and inequality), quality assurance, regulation, privacy, and security remain central to areas of concern in the ODDE marketplace. Despite these concerns, across all educational sectors, the forging of partnerships within and across borders is enabling reskilling and upskilling of the labor force and advancing the conservation on how to improve transparency and protect vulnerable populations of current and future learners.
On the connectivity of the non-generating graph
Authors: Lucchini Andrea , Nemmi Daniele 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGiven a 2-generated finite group G, the non-generating graph of G has as vertices the elements of G and two vertices are adjacent if and only if they are distinct and do not generate G. We consider the graph $$\Sigma (G)$$

Σ
(
G
)

obtained from the non-generating graph of G by deleting the universal vertices. We prove that if the derived subgroup of G is not nilpotent, then this graph is connected, with diameter at most 5. Moreover, we give a complete classification of the finite groups G such that $$\Sigma (G)$$

Σ
(
G
)

is disconnected.
uPARAP/Endo180: a multifaceted protein of mesenchymal cells
Authors: Gucciardo Fabrice , Pirson Sébastien , Baudin Louis , Lebeau Alizée , Noël Agnès 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP/Endo180) is already known to be a key collagen receptor involved in collagen internalization and degradation in mesenchymal cells and some macrophages. It is one of the four members of the mannose receptor family along with a macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), a phospholipase lipase receptor (PLA2R), and a dendritic receptor (DEC-205). As a clathrin-dependent endocytic receptor for collagen or large collagen fragments as well as through its association with urokinase (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), uPARAP/Endo180 takes part in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell chemotaxis and migration under physiological (tissue homeostasis and repair) and pathological (fibrosis, cancer) conditions. Recent advances that have shown an expanded contribution of this multifunctional protein across a broader range of biological processes, including vascular biology and innate immunity, are summarized in this paper. It has previously been demonstrated that uPARAP/Endo180 assists in lymphangiogenesis through its capacity to regulate the heterodimerization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3). Moreover, recent findings have demonstrated that it is also involved in the clearance of collectins and the regulation of the immune system, something which is currently being studied as a biomarker and a therapeutic target in a number of cancers.
Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and their co-occurrence in a large population of adolescents: a Young HUNT 3 study
Authors: Broekhof Rosalie , Nordahl Hans M. , Bjørnelv Sigrid , Selvik Sara G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Studies of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) undertaken at the time of adolescence in the general population are not common. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and co-occurrence of the individual ACEs and sub-types of ACEs in a large population of adolescents.

Methods
Data were used from the Young Nord-Trøndelag Health (Young HUNT 3) study, a population-based study of young adolescents. ACEs were operational defined as sexual, physical and/or emotional abuse; physical and/or emotional neglect; and/or household dysfunction. Co-occurrence was measured as the accumulation of ACEs and as an overlap analysis.

Results
Of the 8199 evaluable adolescents, 65.8% had experienced at least one ACE and 28% of those had experienced more than one ACE. Household dysfunction was the most prevalent ACE subtype. The biggest overlaps among the three ACE sub-types were seen in those reporting neglect or abuse.

Conclusion
There was a high degree of overlap between the three ACE sub-types and the individual ACEs, indicating that ACEs should be assessed together as a whole rather than separately. This study provides an opportunity to assess ACEs and their co-occurrences in relation to outcomes later in life.
Development of a customised 3D printer as a potential tool for direct printing of patient-specific facial prosthesis
Authors: Fay Cormac D. , Jeiranikhameneh Ali , Sayyar Sepidar , Talebian Sepehr , Nagle Alex , Cheng Kai , Fleming Sophie , Mukherjee Payal , Wallace Gordon G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates a cost-effective portable fabrication system for 3D printing complex structures from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Material development and characterisation allowed for the design and production of a 3D printer that is capable of fabricating PDMS structures using a photo-initiator and a LED curing process. A 3D model of a participant’s ear was captured using a handheld scanner. These data were used to directly 3D print an ear. Micro-extrusion direct deposition of PDMS at room temperature is demonstrated via a custom designed 3D printer, with in situ UV cross-linking to facilitate curing of the PDMS during the 3D printing process. This 3D printer has great potential to be used as a fast and facile fabrication approach to create facial and other prosthesis. Future developments will also focus on other application areas such as microfluidics, flexible electronics, and other biomedical applications.
Phase II trial demonstrates the efficacy and safety of individualized, dosimetry-based 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment of NET patients
Authors: Sundlöv Anna , Gleisner Katarina Sjögreen , Tennvall Jan , Ljungberg Michael , Warfvinge Carl Fredrik , Holgersson Kajsa , Hallqvist Andreas , Bernhardt Peter , Svensson Johanna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE is well established for patients with advanced somatostatin receptor–positive neuroendocrine tumors with a standard schedule of 7.4 GBq at four occasions. However, this approach does not consider individual variability affecting the tumor radiation dose or dose to organs at risk. Therefore, it is important to assess more personalized strategies. The aim of this phase II trial was to evaluate individualized 177Lu-DOTATATE for which the number of cycles varied based on renal dosimetry.

Methods
Patients were eligible if they had a progressive, somatostatin receptor–positive neuroendocrine tumor with a Ki 67 labeling index < 20%. They received cycles of 7.4 GBq of 177Lu-DOTATATE at 10 ± 2-week intervals until a predefined radiation dose to the kidneys was reached. The primary endpoint was objective tumor response (RECIST v 1.1). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity (CTCAE v. 4.0).

Results
Ninety-six patients who had received a median of 5 cycles (range 1–9) were evaluable for efficacy. The objective tumor response was 16% partial response, 66% stable disease, and 19% progressive disease. The median PFS and OS were 29 months and 47 months, respectively, and were significantly associated with kidney dose, performance status, and Ki 67 levels but not with tumor origin. The overall toxicity was mild, and the most common events were grade 1–2 anemia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, nausea, and diarrhea. Grade 3–4 toxicity occurred in < 10% of patients and was mostly hematological, with no grade 3–4 renal toxicity.

Conclusion
Individualized treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE based on renal dosimetry is clearly feasible with low toxicity and promising efficacy, showing the potential to further improve outcome beyond the standard approach, and should be further assessed in randomized trials.

Trial registration
EudraCT 2011–000,240-16. NCT01456078. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01456078
Large-scale biogeographic patterns are reflected in the genetic structure of a broadcast spawning stony coral
Authors: van der Ven R. M. , Ratsimbazafy H. A. , Kochzius M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCountries in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and along the Red Sea are particularly vulnerable to coral reef degradation, and understanding the degree of connectivity among coral reefs is a first step toward efficient conservation. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and connectivity patterns of the broadcast spawning coral Acropora tenuis, first at a large scale comparing the Red Sea and the WIO, and second at a smaller scale comparing sites within the WIO. In total 689 individual A. tenuis colonies were sampled on 28 locations in Saudi Arabia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and Madagascar and analysed with seven microsatellite markers. The sample site in the Red Sea was found to be differentiated from all other sites in the WIO, which confirms the hypothesised genetic break. High differentiation was found between the African mainland and Madagascar and within Madagascar. However, there is evidence for long-distance larval dispersal for A. tenuis in the North Mozambique Channel region, with exchange between northern Mozambique and northern Madagascar. The sites in the southwest of Madagascar show mixing with sites in northern Madagascar, as well as exchange with sites in northern Mozambique and Tanzania. Southern Mozambique forms a separate group in Bayesian clustering. High genetic connectivity was found for most sites along the East African mainland coast, with no indication for strict genetic barriers. These results support biophysical modelling studies, which propose Tanzania as a seeding source of larvae for downstream Kenya. These patterns of high genetic connectivity combined with contemporary dispersal barriers can be explained by the long larval duration of A. tenuis and the prevailing northbound East African Coast Current that facilitates higher genetic connectivity along the northern East African Coast, while eddies in the Mozambique Channel are causing larval retention in southern Mozambique and Madagascar.
Long-term sick leave for back pain, exposure to physical workload and psychosocial factors at work, and risk of disability and early-age retirement among aged Swedish workers
Authors: d’Errico Angelo , Falkstedt Daniel , Almroth Melody , Badarin Kathryn , Hemmingsson Tomas , Kjellberg Katarina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the risk of disability and early-age retirement associated with previous long-term sickness absence for back pain (back-pain SA), exposure to high physical workload, low job control, high demands and high strain, and to evaluate effect modification by work factors on the relationship between back-pain SA and premature retirement.

Methods
All employed Swedish residents born 1946–1955 (n = 835,956) were followed up from 2010 to 2016 for disability (DP) and early-age pension (EAP). Associations of premature retirement with exposure to work factors and back-pain SA in the 3 years before follow-up were estimated through proportional hazards models. Retirement, back-pain SA and covariates were assessed through administrative sources, and exposure to work factors through a job-exposure matrix.

Results
In both genders, back-pain SA was associated with DP (> 1 episode: HR 3.23 among men; HR 3.12 among women) and EAP (> 1 episode: HR 1.24 among men; HR 1.18 among women). Higher physical workload and lower job control were also associated with an increased DP risk in both genders, whereas higher job demands showed a decreased risk. For EAP, associations with work factors were weak and inconsistent across genders. No effect modification by work factors was found, except for a negative effect modification by job strain on DP risk among women, i.e. a reduced effect of back-pain SA with increasing exposure.

Conclusion
Back-pain SA was a significant predictor of both DP and EAP, while work factors were consistently associated only with DP. Our results indicate that the joint effect of back-pain SA and work factors on DP is additive and does not support effect modification by work factors.
The parietal lobe evolution and the emergence of material culture in the human genus
Authors: Bruner Emiliano , Battaglia-Mayer Alexandra , Caminiti Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTraditional and new disciplines converge in suggesting that the parietal lobe underwent a considerable expansion during human evolution. Through the study of endocasts and shape analysis,paleoneurologyhas shown an increased globularity of the braincase and bulging of the parietal region in modern humans, as compared to other human species, including Neandertals. Cortical complexity increased in both the superior and inferior parietal lobules. Emerging fields bridging archaeology and neuroscience supply further evidence of the involvement of the parietal cortex in human-specific behaviors related to visuospatial capacity, technological integration, self-awareness, numerosity, mathematical reasoning and language. Here, we complement these inferences on the parietal lobe evolution, with results from more classical neuroscience disciplines, such as behavioral neurophysiology, functional neuroimaging, and brain lesions; and apply these to define the neural substrates and the role of the parietal lobes in the emergence of functions at the core of material culture, such as tool-making, tool use and constructional abilities.
Impact of metabolic indices of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography on post transplantation recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bauschke Astrid , Altendorf-Hofmann Annelore , Brückner Lukas , Drescher Robert , Freesmeyer Martin , Settmacher Utz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor recurrence is the leading cause of death after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. There is an ongoing debate as to whether metabolic indices such as tumor to liver standardized uptake value ratio in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography of the primary tumor can identify patients outside the Milan criteria with as low recurrence rates as patients inside Milan and thus should be added to the established prognostic factors.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzes 103 consecutive patients who underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma using data of clinical tumor registry. Primary endpoints were overall survival and 10-year cumulative recurrence rates.

Results
Tumor to liver standardized uptake value ratio of the primary tumor was statistically significant higher in Milan out tumors, “up-to-seven” out tumors, grade 3 tumors, α- fetoprotein level >400 ng/ml and lesions > 5cm in diameter. Factors with statistically significant influence on the 10- year overall survival in the univariate analysis were Milan, up-to-seven” criteria, number of lesions and pT-category. COX regression analysis did not show independently statistically significant factors for 10-year overall survival. Milan, “up-to-seven” criteria, grade, pV, number of lesions, size of lesion, pT-category, tumor to liver standardized uptake value ratio influenced 10-year cumulative recurrence rates statistically significant. Tumor to liver standardized uptake value ratio, grade and pT-category proved to be independently statistically significant factors for 10-year cumulative recurrence rates.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that tumor to liver standardized uptake value standardized uptake value ratio in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography is an independent prognostic factor in transplanted patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. If we focus on preoperative findings, such as tumor size, tumor number and AFP value adding the information given by TLR of 18F-FDG PET/CT allows to estimate the risk of tumor recurrence more accurate than the established classifications Milan and UTS. Therefore, it may add valuable information to other preoperative findings, such as tumor size, tumor number and AFP level.