bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an Appropriate Standard Hydrogen Electrode Potential for Computing Redox Potentials of Catechins with Density Functional Theory
Authors: Duan Lian , Takano Yu , Shigeta Yasuteru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Catechins are the main constituents in tea and have attracted attention because of their antioxidant properties. In this letter, to compute accurate redox potentials for catechins, an appropriate standard hydrogen electrode potential, ESHE, for catechins was evaluated by a linear fitting of experimental pKa and computed Gibbs energy difference upon deprotonation. The redox potentials of seven tea catechins were computed with the evaluated ESHE values, showing a good agreement with the experimental redox potentials of catechins by about 0.1 V.
Discharge Capacity and Energy Density in Gluconic Acid and Saccharides Fuel Cells
Authors: Kaneto Keiichi , Uto Sadahito 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Discharge capacities in glucose and saccharides/KOH fuel cells using PEDOT:PSS, PtRu and SWCNT composite anode revealed more than 12e− transfer for the electrooxidations. The gluconic acid (reaction product of glucose) fuel cell showed the power density 15 mW cm−2 being a half of the glucose, and 10e− transfer. These results indicated the multi-electron cascade oxidation of glucose via gluconic acid. The energy density of glucose was 803 Wh kg−1, corresponding to 18% of the theoretical 24e− oxidation.
Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form 2.0: Validity and reliability of the Polish adaptation
Authors: Łakuta Patryk , Cieciuch Jan , Strus Włodzimierz , Hutsebaut Joost 
Published: May 2022

Cel pracyW badaniu dokonano oceny właściwości psychometrycznych polskiej adaptacji krótkiego formularza do oceny poziomu funkcjonowania osobowości (Level of Personality Functioning Scale – Brief Form 2.0; LPFS–BF 2.0), pozwalającego na pomiar nasilenia nieprawidłowości funkcjonowania w sferach intrapsychicznej (self) i interpersonalnej, zgodnie z wytycznymi dla diagnozy zaburzeń osobowości w Sekcji III DSM-5.MetodaBadanie przeprowadzono w grupie nieklinicznej (N = 242 dorosłych; 52,9% kobiet; Mwiek = 30,63 lat; SDwiek = 11,81 lat). Do oszacowania trafności wykorzystano Inwentarz Osobowości PID-5 (Personality Inventory for DSM-5), Inwentarz Osobowości PiCD (Personality Inventory for ICD-11), Inwentarz AC (Agency-Communion-Inventory), oraz kwestionariusz MHC-SF (Mental Health Continuum–Short Form).WynikiPotwierdzono zasadność dwuczynnikowej struktury narzędzia pozwalającej na rzetelny pomiar dwóch zmiennych latentnych, odnoszących się do funkcjonowania w sferze intrapsychicznej i interpersonalnej. Analizy wykazały teoretycznie oczekiwane zależności LPFS-BF 2.0 z ogólnym wskaźnikiem nasilenia patologii osobowości, dysfunkcjonalnymi cechami osobowości, dobrostanem psychicznym oraz wymiarami sprawczości i wspólnotowości. Ponadto, przeprowadzone analizy dostarczyły danych świadczących o trafności przyrostowej narzędzia w stosunku do pięciu patologicznych cech z PID-5 w przewidywaniu dobrostanu.WnioskiPolska adaptacja LPFS–BF 2.0 jest dobrym psychometrycznie i spójnym z podstawami teoretycznymi narzędziem, pozwalającym na charakterystykę nieprawidłowości w sferach intrapsychicznej i interpersonalnej, zgodnie z konceptualizacją zawartą w Sekcji III DSM-5. W przyszłości powinna zostać przeprowadzona replikacja badań w próbach klinicznych.
Implications of Data Anonymization on the Statistical Evidence of Disparity
Authors: Xu Heng , Zhang Nan 
Published: May 2022

Research and practical development of data-anonymization techniques have proliferated in recent years. Yet, limited attention has been paid to examine the potentially disparate impact of privacy protection on underprivileged subpopulations. This study is one of the first attempts to examine the extent to which data anonymization could mask the gross statistical disparities between subpopulations in the data. We first describe two common mechanisms of data anonymization and two prevalent types of statistical evidence for disparity. Then, we develop conceptual foundation and mathematical formalism demonstrating that the two data-anonymization mechanisms have distinctive impacts on the identifiability of disparity, which also varies based on its statistical operationalization. After validating our findings with empirical evidence, we discuss the business and policy implications, highlighting the need for firms and policy makers to balance between the protection of privacy and the recognition/rectification of disparate impact. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Bilateral Trade with Multiunit Demand and Supply
Authors: Loertscher Simon , Marx Leslie M. 
Published: May 2022

We study a bilateral trade problem with multiunit demand and supply and one-dimensional private information. Each agent geometrically discounts additional units by a constant factor. We show that when goods are complements, the incentive problem—measured as the ratio of second-best to first-best social surplus—becomes less severe as the degree of complementarity increases. In contrast, if goods are substitutes and each agent’s distribution exhibits linear virtual types, then this ratio is a constant. If the bilateral trade setup arises from prior vertical integration between a buyer and a supplier, with the vertically integrated firm being a buyer facing an independent supplier, then the ratio of second-best to first-best social surplus is, in general, not monotone in the degree of complementarity when products are substitutes and is increasing when products are complements. Extensions to profit maximization by a market maker and a discrete public good problem show that the broad insight that complementarity of goods mitigates the incentive problem generalizes to these settings. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Funding: Financial support from the Samuel and June Hordern Endowment, the University of Melbourne Faculty of Business & Economics [Eminent Research Scholar Grant], and the Australian Research Council [Grant DP200103574] is acknowledged.
Does What Happens in the ED Stay in the ED? The Effects of Emergency Department Physician Workload on Post-ED Care Use
Authors: Soltani Mohamad , Batt Robert J. , Bavafa Hessam , Patterson Brian W. 
Published: May 2022

Problem definition: We study the effects of emergency department (ED) physician workload on healthcare system utilization after the patient leaves the ED. Further, we explore the mediating effects of care intensity in the ED on post-ED care use. Academic/practical relevance: ED crowding has been a pressing concern in healthcare systems in the United States and other developed countries. As such, many researchers have studied its effects on outcomes within the ED. In contrast, we present novel results regarding the impacts of ED crowding on system performance outside the ED—specifically, on post-ED care utilization. Methodology: We utilize a data set assembled from more than four years of microdata from a large U.S. hospital and exhaustive billing data in an integrated health system. We use count models and instrumental variable analyses to answer the proposed research questions. Results: We find that there is an increasing concave relationship between ED physician workload and post-ED care use. When ED workload increases from its fifth percentile to the median, the number of post-discharge care events (i.e., medical services) for patients who are discharged home from the ED increases by 5%, and it is stable afterward. Further, we identify physician test-ordering behavior as a mechanism for this effect; when the physician is busier, she responds by ordering more tests for less severe patients. We document that this “extra” testing generates “extra” post-ED care utilization for these patients. Managerial implications: This paper contributes new insights on how physician and patient behaviors under ED crowding impact a previously unstudied system performance measure: post-ED care utilization. Our findings suggest that prior studies estimating the cost of ED crowding underestimate the true effect, as they do not consider the “extra” post-ED care utilization. Funding: Support for this research was provided by the University of Alberta Endowment Fund for the Future: Support for the Advancement of Scholarship, Canadian Utilities Faculty Fellowship, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education with funding from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. Brian Patterson’s contribution to this research was supported by funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [Grant K08HS024558]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the AHRQ. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1110 .
Association between endurance of the trunk extensor muscles and balance performance in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Flora Sofia , Cruz Joana , Tavares Ana , Ferreira Joana , Morais Nuno 
Published: May 2022

Background/Aims Previous research has disregarded the performance of the extensor muscle group of the trunk in balance control. The main purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the association between balance performance and endurance of the trunk extensor muscles in older adults, considering possible co-factors such as age and body mass index. Methods A correlational and predictive cross-sectional study was conducted with 61 community dwelling older adults (women n=45) with a mean age of 71 years (± standard deviation 6 years), and a mean body mass index of 28.1 kg/m2 (± standard deviation ± 4.7 kg/m2). The Berg Balance Scale was used to assess balance performance and Trunk Extensor Endurance Test to assess muscle endurance. Spearman's correlation coefficients (ρ) and single and multiple regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results The largest correlations were found between the Berg Balance Scale score and Trunk Extensor Endurance Test (ρ=0.41, P=0.001) and body mass index (ρ=−0.36, P=0.005). Muscle endurance alone predicted ~10% of the Berg Balance Scale score (R2=0.10, P=0.015). When combined with body mass index, it accounted for ~19% (R2=0.19, P=0.002). Adding the remaining variable (age) to the previous model increased the prediction by ~3% (R2=0.22, P=0.002). Conclusions Muscle endurance and body mass index significantly predicted (~19%) balance performance in older adults. Because these are modifiable factors, they should be routinely included in the screening of balance performance in older adults and addressed accordingly in preventive or rehabilitation programmes.
Efeito de duas substâncias atrativas no comportamento alimentar, limiar de discriminação e longevidade de adultos de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Joachim-Bravo Iara Sordi , Amorim Francismare Oliveira de 
Published: May 2022

A mosca-das-frutas, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824), é considerada uma das pragas agrícolas economicamente mais importantes, causando danos a vários tipos de frutas. Os carboidratos e os ácidos são substâncias comuns encontradas nos hospedeiros de C. capitata e atuam fornecendo energia e estimulando a oviposição, respectivamente, além de serem fagoestimulantes. Este trabalho visou avaliar comparativamente a influência das substâncias atrativas (sacarose e ácido cítrico) em adultos de uma população criada em laboratório, verificando os seguintes parâmetros: comportamento de seleção de dietas (fagoestimulação); limiar de discriminação; e longevidade. Na comparação entre os sexos, machos e fêmeas mostraram comportamento seletivo similar em relação às diferentes substâncias atrativas, porém as fêmeas apresentaram limiar de discriminação maior que os machos para as duas substâncias atrativas. Ambos os sexos tiveram longevidade similar quando criados com a mesma dieta. Os resultados evidenciaram que a sacarose é preponderante na garantia da longevidade e também participa como regulador na quantidade de dieta ingerida pelos adultos, ao contrário do ácido cítrico que não teve influência em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados.
Soliton microwave oscillators using oversized billion Q optical microresonators
Authors: Yao Lu , Liu Peng , Chen Hao-Jing , Gong Qihuang , Yang Qi-Fan , Xiao Yun-Feng 
Published: May 2022

Microresonator soliton frequency combs offer unique flexibility in synthesizing microwaves over a wide range of frequencies, while their phase noise is currently limited by thermal noise. Enlarging the mode volume would mitigate thermal noise but also raise power consumption. Here, we fabricate optical microresonators with large mode volumes by lathe machining high-purity fiber preforms. Quality factors greater than 4 billion result in a record-low threshold power of 110 µW to initiate comb operation in millimeter-sized devices. The synthesized X-band microwaves with an absolute phase noise level of

−

107

(

−
133

)

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 1(10) kHz offset frequency feature considerable noise reduction compared to other silica-microresonator-based oscillators, which are further used to cope with high-speed data links as carrier waves. Our work illuminates a pathway toward low-noise photonic microwave generation as well as the quantum regime of soliton microcombs.
Simultaneous multiple time scale imaging for kHz–MHz high-speed accelerometry
Authors: Kornienko Vassily , Andersson David , Stiti Mehdi , Ravelid Jonas , Ek Simon , Ehn Andreas , Berrocal Edouard , Kristensson Elias 
Published: May 2022

Fast transient events, such as the disintegration of liquid bodies or chemical reactions between radical species, involve various processes that may occur at different time scales. Currently, there are two alternatives for monitoring such events: burst- or high-speed imaging. Burst imaging at ultrahigh speeds (

∼
100

MHz

to

THz

) allows for the capture of nature’s fastest processes but only for a narrowly confined period of time and at a repetition rate of

∼
10

Hz

. Monitoring long lasting, rapidly evolving transient events requires a significantly higher repetition rate, which is met by existing

∼
kHz

to

1

MHz

high-speed imaging technology. However, the use of such systems eliminates the possibility to observe dynamics occurring on the sub-microsecond time scale. In this paper, we present a solution to this technological gap by combining multiplexed imaging with high-speed sensor technology, resulting in temporally resolved, high-spatial-resolution image series at two simultaneous time scales. We further demonstrate how the collection of such data opens up the tracking of rapidly evolving structures up to MHz burst rates over long durations, allowing, for the first time, to our knowledge, the extraction of acceleration fields acting upon the liquid bodies of an atomizing spray in two dimensions at kHz frame rates.
Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uganda and South Africa: Findings from the SMART2D pragmatic implementation trial
Authors: Guwatudde David , Delobelle Peter , Absetz Pilvikki , Van Josefien Olmen , Mayega Roy William , Kasujja Francis Xavier , De Man Jeroen , Hassen Mariam , Kiracho Elizabeth Ekirapa , Kiguli Juliet , Puoane Thandi , Ostenson Claes-Goran , Peterson Stefan , Daivadanam Meena ,   SMART2D Consortium
Published: May 2022

Health systems in many low- and middle-income countries are struggling to manage type 2 diabetes (T2D). Management of glycaemia via well-organized care can reduce T2D incidence, and associated morbidity and mortality. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of facility plus community care interventions (integrated care), compared to facility only care interventions (facility care) towards improvement of T2D outcomes in Uganda and South Africa. A pragmatic cluster randomized trial design was used to compare outcomes among participants with T2D and those at high risk. The trial had two study arms; the integrated care arm, and the facility care arm; and in Uganda only, an additional usual care arm. Participants were enrolled at nine primary health facilities in Uganda, and two in South Africa. Participants were adults aged 30 to 75 years, and followed for up to 12 months. Primary outcomes were glycaemic control among participants with T2D, and reduction in HbA1c > = 3 mmol/mol among participants at high risk. Secondary outcomes were retention into care and incident T2D. Adjusted analysis revealed significantly higher retention into care comparing integrated care and facility care versus usual care in Uganda and integrated care versus facility care in South Africa. The effect was particularly high among participants at high risk in Uganda with an incident rate ratio of 2.46 [1.33–4.53] for the facility care arm and 3.52 [2.13–5.80] for the integrated care arm. No improvement in glycaemic control or reduction in HbA1c was found in either country. However, considerable and unbalanced loss to follow-up compromised assessment of the intervention effect on HbA1c. Study interventions significantly improved retention into care, especially compared to usual care in Uganda. This highlights the need for adequate primary care for T2D and suggest a role for the community in T2D prevention.
Trial registration number: ISRCTN11913581.
Helminth infection modulates number and function of adipose tissue Tregs in high fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Queiroz-Glauss Camila P. , Vieira Mariana S. , Gonçalves-Pereira Marcela Helena , Almeida Stephanie S. , Freire Rachel H. , Gomes Maria A. , Alvarez-Leite Jacqueline I. , Santiago Helton C. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundEpidemiological and experimental studies have shown a protective effect of helminth infections in weight gain and against the development of metabolic dysfunctions in the host. However, the mechanisms Treg cells exert in the helminth-obesity interface has been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to verify the influence ofHeligmosomoides polygyrusinfection in early stages of high fat diet-induced obesity.Principal findingsThe presence of infection was able to prevent exacerbated weight gain in mice fed with high fat diet when compared to non-infected controls. In addition, infected animals displayed improved insulin sensitivity and decreased fat accumulation in the liver. Obesity-associated inflammation was reduced in the presence of infection, demonstrated by lower levels of leptin and resistin, lower infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells in adipose tissue, higher expression of IL10 and adiponectin, increased infiltration of Th2 and eosinophils in adipose tissue of infected animals. Of note, the parasite infection was associated with increased Treg frequency in adipose tissue which showed higher expression of cell surface markers of function and activation, like LAP and CD134. The infection could also increase adipose Treg suppressor function in animals on high fat diet.ConclusionThese data suggest thatH.polygyrusmodulates adipose tissue Treg cells with implication for weight gain and metabolic syndrome.
A group resilience training program for people with multiple sclerosis: Study protocol of a multi-centre cluster-randomized controlled trial (multi-READY for MS)
Authors: Giovannetti Ambra Mara , Pakenham Kenneth Ian , Presti Giovambattista , Quartuccio Maria Esmeralda , Confalonieri Paolo , Bergamaschi Roberto , Grobberio Monica , Di Filippo Massimiliano , Micheli Mary , Brichetto Giampaolo , Patti Francesco , Copetti Massimiliano , Kruger Paola , Solari Alessandra 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionREsilience and Activities for every DaY (READY) is an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based group resilience-training program that has preliminary empirical support in promoting quality of life and other psychosocial outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Consistent with the Medical Research Council framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions, we conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT), followed by a phase III RCT. The present paper describes the phase III RCT protocol.Methods and analysisThis is a multi-centre cluster RCT comparing READY with a group relaxation program (1:1 ratio) in 240 PwMS from eight centres in Italy (trial registration: isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN67194859). Both interventions are composed of 7 weekly sessions plus a booster session five weeks later. Resilience (primary outcome), mood, health-related quality of life, well-being and psychological flexibility will be assessed at baseline, after the booster session, and at three and six month follow-ups. If face-to-face group meetings are interrupted because of COVID-19 related-issues, participants will be invited to complete their intervention via teleconferencing. Relevant COVID-19 information will be collected and the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress scale will be administered (ancillary study) at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Analysis will be by intention-to-treat to show superiority of READY over relaxation. Longitudinal changes will be compared between the two arms using repeated-measures, hierarchical generalized linear mixed models.ConclusionIt is expected that his study will contribute to the body of evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of READY by comparing it with an active group intervention in frontline MS rehabilitation and clinical settings. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at other relevant conferences.
Continued versus discontinued oxytocin after the active phase of labor: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Danni , Yang Yang , Zhang Xinxin , Nie Xiaocui 
Published: May 2022

Objective
To systematically assess the effect of discontinued vs continued oxytocin after active stage of labour is established.

Methods
Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to 18 April 2021. The risk ratio or mean difference with corresponding 95% confidence interval were computed to investigate the effect of intervention or control on maternal and fetus outcomes. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42021249635.

Results
Discontinuing oxytocin when the active labour was established might decrease the risk of cesarean delivery [RR (95% CI): 0.84 (0.72–0.98), P = 0.02]. However, when we restricted our analysis to women who performed cesarean section after the active phase was reached, the difference was no longer significant [RR (95% CI): 0.82 (0.60–1.10), P = 0.19]. The incidence of uterine tachysystole [RR (95% CI): 0.36 (0.27–0.49)], postpartum hemorrhage [RR (95% CI): 0.78 (0.65–0.93)], and non-reassuring fetal heart rate [RR (95% CI): 0.66 (0.58–0.76)] were significantly lower in the oxytocin discontinuation group. We also found a possible decrease in the risk of chorioamnionitis in discontinued oxytocin group [RR (95% CI): 2.77 (1.02–5.08)]. An increased duration of active [MD (95% CI): 2.28 (2.86–41.71)] and second [MD (95% CI): 5.36 (3.18–7.54)] phase of labour was observed in discontinued oxytocin group, while the total delivery time was not significantly different [MD (95% CI): 20.17 (-24.92–65.26)].

Conclusion
After the active labor is reached, discontinuation of oxytocin could be considered a new recommendation for the improved maternal and fetal outcomes without delaying labour.
Love, Sex, Gender, and Superheroes, Jeffrey A. Brown (2022)
Authors: Later Naja 
Published: May 2022

Review of: Love, Sex, Gender, and Superheroes, Jeffrey A. Brown (2022)
New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 244 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-97882-526-0, p/bk, $29.95
ISBN 978-1-97882-527-7, h/bk, $69.95