bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air‐Stabilized Lead‐Free Hexagonal Cs3Bi2I9 Nanocrystals for Ultrahigh‐Performance Optical Detection
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Li Ying , Ma Lin , Shen Guozhen , Yang Qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBroadband photodetectors possess enormous potentials for diverse applications while it is generally subjected to a lack of active materials with high performances under user‐friendly conditions. Bismuth‐based perovskites are promising and demonstrate better air stability than lead halide perovskites against moisture, heat, and light. In the present work, lead‐free all‐inorganic hexagonal Cs3Bi2I9 perovskite nanocrystals are successfully fabricated via a modulated colloidal synthetic route. The Cs3Bi2I9 nanocrystals are monodispersed with a size of ≈28 nm, which are applied for the construction of flexible Cs3Bi2I9 detector and vertical heterogeneous structured photodetector of p‐Si/Cs3Bi2I9/graphene. The flexible detector not only demonstrates excellent detective performance, but also yields high‐resolution photographs as an imaging sensor. The p‐Si/Cs3Bi2I9/graphene photodetector exhibits broad spectral response from ultraviolet to infrared light (254−1064 nm) with microsecond response time (31/34 µs). In particular, it performs with a high responsivity of 23.6 A W−1 and a high specific detectivity of 1.75 × 1013 Jones under 650 nm illumination even in weak light intensity as low as 1 µW cm−2, and exhibits excellent stability in ambient air, which is obviously ahead of the previously reported work. In addition, finite element analysis further demonstrates the excellent optoelectronic properties of Cs3Bi2I9 materials and the broad spectral response of vertical heterojunctions.
Opto‐Electrical Properties of Group IV Alloys: The Inherent Challenges of Processing Hydrogenated Germanium
Authors: de Vrijer Thierry , Bouazzata Bilal , Ravichandran Ashwath , van Dingen Julian E. C. , Roelandschap Paul J. , Roodenburg Koos , Roerink Steven J. , Saitta Federica , Blackstone Thijs , Smets Arno H. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper the opto‐electrical nature of hydrogenated group IV alloys with optical bandgap energies ranging from 1.0 eV up to 2.3 eV are studied. The fundamental physical principles that determine the relation between the bandgap and the structural characteristics such as material density, elemental composition, void fraction and crystalline phase fraction are revealed. Next, the fundamental physical principles that determine the relation between the bandgap and electrical properties such as the dark conductivity, activation energy, and photoresponse are discussed. The unique wide range of IV valence alloys helps to understand the nature of amorphous (a‐) and nanocrystalline (nc‐) hydrogenated (:H) germanium films with respect to the intrinsicity, chemical stability, and photoresponse. These insights resulted in the discovery of i) a processing window that results in chemically stable Ge:H films with the lowest reported dark conductivity values down to 4.6·10‐4 (Ω ·cm)‐1 for chemical vapor deposited Ge:H films, and ii) O, C and Sn alloying approaches to improve the photoresponse and chemical stability of the a/nc‐Ge:H alloys.
Super Long‐Cycling All‐Solid‐State Battery with Thin Li6PS5Cl‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Liu Sijie , Zhou Le , Han Jian , Wen Kaihua , Guan Shundong , Xue Chuanjiao , Zhang Zheng , Xu Ben , Lin Yuanhua , Shen Yang , Li Liangliang , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) using sulfide electrolytes have attracted ever‐increasing interest due to high ionic conductivity of the sulfides. Nevertheless, a thin, strong solid‐state sulfide electrolyte membrane maintaining high ionic conductivity is highly desired for ASSBs. Here, a thin, flexible composite solid electrolyte membrane composed of argyrodite sulfide Li6PS5Cl and a polar poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) framework is prepared via an electrospinning‐infiltration‐hot‐pressing method. The interaction between Li6PS5Cl and polar P(VDF‐TrFE) ensures a high lithium‐ion conductivity (≈1.2 mS cm–1) at room temperature and good mechanical ductility of the composite electrolyte membrane. The coin‐type ASSB cells with the thin composite electrolyte membrane, a composite cathode of LiNbO3‐coated LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and Li6PS5Cl, and a lithium‐indium anode, show super cycling performance, and the capacity retention is 92% after 1000 cycles and 71% even after 20 000 cycles at 1.0 mA cm–2 (i.e., 1.61 C) at room temperature. Moreover, pouch‐type ASSB cells with a high mass loading of active materials are made to demonstrate the potential and feasibility in future commercial applications.
Energy Decomposition Analysis of the Nature of Coordination Bonding at the Heme Iron Center in Cytochrome P450 Inhibition
Authors: Liu Shuyang , Hirao Hajime 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDrug compounds or their metabolic intermediates (MIs) sometimes inhibit the function of cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) by forming a coordination bond with the Fe(III) heme or Fe(II) heme of P450s. Such inhibition is one of the major causes of drug–drug interactions (DDIs), a subject of longstanding academic and practical interest. However, such coordination bonding is not fully understood at the quantum mechanical level, thus hampering rational improvement of the accuracy of DDI‐related predictions. In this work, we employed density functional theory (DFT) and the generalized Kohn–Sham energy decomposition analysis (GKS‐EDA) scheme to investigate the nature of the coordination bonding formed in the reversible and quasi‐irreversible inhibition of P450s. The GKS‐EDA results highlighted a previously unrecognized role of the electron correlation effect in P450 inhibition. The correlation effect tends to be larger in Fe(II) complexes of MI‐type inhibitors and is particularly prominent for the nitrosoalkane ligand. An additional natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis provided insight into the relative significance of the σ donation and π backdonation effects in various heme–inhibitor complexes.
Fuzzy consensus of multi‐agent systems with granular fuzzy uncertainty in communication topology
Authors: Abdollahipour Razieh , Khandani Khosro , Jalali Ali Akbar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the consensus problem in linear multi‐agent systems with uncertain topology is investigated. The uncertainty in the communication topology is represented by granular fuzzy numbers obtained from expert knowledge, and the required calculations are performed with multidimensional relative–distance–measurement interval arithmetic. The concept of granular fuzzy graph and fuzzy Gershgorin disc theorem is introduced. Then a fuzzy consensus protocol is proposed for the multi‐agent system with fuzzy granular uncertain topology. A two‐step algorithm is also proposed to build the consensus protocol. We also propose a theorem for calculating the final value of fuzzy consensus, which shows the final value of consensus as a fuzzy number. Simulation results show the efficiency of the suggested algorithm.
The mediating role of gaze patterns in the association of child sleep disturbances and core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Wang Guangshuai , Chen Jingying , Zhang Kun , Tang Suyun , Wang Guanghai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at high risk for sleep disturbances, but the mechanism underlying the association between sleep disturbances and ASD core symptoms is largely unknown. This study examined the relationship between sleep disturbances and ASD core symptoms, and the mediating role of gaze patterns during the facial emotion recognition (FER) task. The study included 57 children with ASD and 59 age‐ and intelligence‐matched typically developing (TD) controls aged 3–7 years. Parents reported their children's sleep disturbances and ASD core symptoms using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Children's gaze patterns during the FER task were recorded by an eye tracking method. We found (1) ASD children had more severe sleep disturbances than TD children; (2) ASD children had atypical gaze patterns and poor FER task performance as determined by lower accuracy and longer reaction time; (3) sleep disturbances were significantly associated with ASD core symptoms of social interaction, communication, and restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior; and (4) atypical gaze patterns partially mediated the association between sleep disturbances and ASD core symptoms. These findings suggest the need for more comprehensive clinical interventions and more effective sleep interventions to improve ASD core symptoms.Lay SummarySleep disturbances are very common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study found that sleep disturbances were significantly associated with ASD core symptoms, and gaze patterns during facial emotion recognition task could partially mediate this relationship.
The chaperone Clusterin in neurodegeneration−friend or foe?
Authors: Yuste‐Checa Patricia , Bracher Andreas , Hartl F. Ulrich 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFibrillar protein aggregates are the pathological hallmark of a group of age‐dependent neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Aggregates of the microtubule‐associated protein Tau are observed in Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies. Tau pathology propagates from cell to cell in a prion‐like process that is likely subject to modulation by extracellular chaperones such as Clusterin. We recently reported that Clusterin delayed Tau fibril formation but enhanced the activity of Tau oligomers to seed aggregation of endogenous Tau in a cellular model. In contrast, Clusterin inhibited the propagation of α‐Synuclein aggregates associated with Parkinson's disease. These findings raise the possibility of a mechanistic link between Clusterin upregulation observed in Alzheimer's disease and the progression of Tau pathology. Here we review the diverse functions of Clusterin in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on evidence that Clusterin may act either as a suppressor or enhancer of pathology.
Verbal fluency response times predict incident cognitive impairment
Authors: Ayers Matthew R. , Bushnell Justin , Gao Sujuan , Unverzagt Frederick , Gaizo John Del , Wadley Virginia G. , Kennedy Richard , Clark David Glenn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn recent decades, researchers have defined novel methods for scoring verbal fluency tasks. In this work, we evaluate novel scores based on speed of word responses.MethodsWe transcribed verbal fluency recordings from 641 cases of incident cognitive impairment (ICI) and matched controls, all participants in a large national epidemiological study. Timing measurements of utterances were used to calculate a speed score for each recording. Traditional raw and speed scores were entered into Cox proportional hazards (CPH) regression models predicting time to ICI.ResultsConcordance of the CPH model with speed scores was 0.599, an improvement of 3.4% over a model with only raw scores and demographics. Scores with significant effects included animals raw and speed scores, and letter F speed score.DiscussionNovel verbal fluency scores based on response times could enable use of remotely administered fluency tasks for early detection of cognitive decline.Highlights
The current work evaluates prognostication with verbal fluency speed scores.
These speed scores improve survival models predicting cognitive decline.
Cases with progressive decline have some characteristics suggestive of Alzheimer's disease.
The subset of acute decliners is probably pathologically heterogeneous.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy of epithelioid‐mesenchymal neoplasm with PTCH1‐GLI1 fusion: A case report
Authors: Shahabi Ali , Israel Anna‐Karoline , Sullivan Christopher Blake , McHugh Kelsey E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMesenchymal tumors harboring GLI1 gene fusions are a rare new entity that typically occur in the head and neck region of young to middle aged adults, with a particular predilection for the tongue. We report herein a case of epithelioid mesenchymal tumor with PTCH1‐GLI1 gene fusion of the right submental region in an 82‐year‐old male never smoker. Ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) with concomitant core needle biopsy was performed. Cytology smears revealed a hypercellular, monotonous aspirate comprised of epithelioid to plasmacytoid cells with round regular nuclei and moderate amounts of cytoplasm. There were admixed granulomata. The patient underwent surgical resection with limited neck dissection and subsequent pathologic examination with performed next generation sequencing confirmed the presence of epithelioid mesenchymal tumor with PTCH1‐GLI1 gene fusion. To our knowledge, this is the first reported example of a mesenchymal tumor harboring GLI1 gene fusion initially evaluated by FNA.
Multitrophic diversity and biotic associations influence subalpine forest ecosystem multifunctionality
Authors: Luo Ya‐Huang , Cadotte Marc W. , Liu Jie , Burgess Kevin S. , Tan Shao‐Lin , Ye Lin‐Jiang , Zou Jia‐Yun , Chen Zhong‐Zheng , Jiang Xue‐Long , Li Juan , Xu Kun , Li De‐Zhu , Gao Lian‐Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiodiversity across multiple trophic levels is required to maintain multiple ecosystem functions. Yet it remains unclear how multitrophic diversity and species interactions regulate ecosystem multifunctionality. Here, combining data from 9 different trophic groups (including trees, shrubs, herbs, leaf mites, small mammals, bacteria, pathogenic fungi, saprophytic fungi, and symbiotic fungi) and 13 ecosystem functions related to supporting, provisioning, and regulating services, we used a multitrophic perspective to evaluate the effects of elevation, diversity, and network complexity on scale‐dependent subalpine forest multifunctionality. Our results demonstrated that elevation and soil pH significantly modified species composition and richness across multitrophic groups and influenced multiple functions simultaneously. We present evidence that species richness across multiple trophic groups had stronger effects on multifunctionality than species richness at any single trophic level. Moreover, biotic associations, indicating the complexity of trophic networks, were positively associated with multifunctionality. The relative effects of diversity on multifunctionality increased at the scale of the larger community compared to a scale accounting for neighboring interactions. Our results highlight the paramount importance of scale‐ and context‐dependent multitrophic diversity and interactions for a better understanding of mountain ecosystem multifunctionality in a changing world.
Lipidomics analysis of facial lipid biomarkers in females with self‐perceived skin sensitivity
Authors: Ma Yuchen , Cui Le , Tian Yan , He Congfen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsSelf‐perception of sensitive skin (SPSS) has several consequences, including skin barrier damage, which is prevented by barrier sebum. We analyzed lipidome profiles of skin surface lipids (SSLs) in patients with SPSS and healthy controls and explored the mechanism of action of potential lipid markers on the repair of damaged barrier cells to better understand SSL abnormity in these patients.MethodsUltraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used to investigate SSL variations in major lipid classes, subclasses, and species. Reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was used to examine changes in intracellular gene expression following cell barrier damage repair by potential lipid markers.ResultsThere were significant differences in the lipidomes of individuals between groups. Individuals with SPSS showed significantly increased levels of two diacylglycerols and one very‐short‐chain free fatty acid and significantly decreased levels of three ceramides (Cers), four glycerophospholipids, and one very‐long‐chain free fatty acid. RT‐PCR revealed that after damage repair by Cer/Glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the expression of two genes in the sterol regulatory element‐binding protein and three in the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor pathway significantly increased. Causes of skin barrier damage in patients with SPSS are related to the amount and type of lipids.ConclusionCer/GlcCer can promote lipid synthesis and secretion by upregulating lipid‐related gene expression to repair barrier damage.
Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells are dysregulated, but only Th17 cells relate to C‐reactive protein, D‐dimer, and mortality risk in Stanford type A aortic dissection patients
Authors: Song Mowei , Deng Li , Shen Hongtao , Zhang Guofu , Shi Hang , Zhu Erjun , Xia Qingping , Han Hongguang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundT helper (Th) cells are closely involved in vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherogenesis, which are the hallmarks of aortic dissection (AD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell measurements in Stanford type A AD patients.MethodsStanford type A AD patients (N=80) and non‐AD patients with chest pain (N = 40) were recruited. Then, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells from all participants were detected by flow cytometry. The 30‐day mortality of Stanford type A AD patients was recorded.ResultsTh1 and Th17 cells were higher, while Th2 cells were lower in Stanford type A AD patients compared with non‐AD patients (all p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Th1 cells (area under curve (AUC): 0.734, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.640–0.828), Th2 cells (AUC: 0.841, 95% CI: 0.756–0.925), and Th17 cells (AUC: 0.898, 95% CI: 0.839–0.957) could distinguish Stanford type A patients from non‐AD patients. Moreover, Th1 cells (p = 0.037) and Th17 cells (p = 0.001) were positively related to CRP, and Th17 cells (p = 0.039) were also positively associated with D‐dimer in Stanford type A AD patients. Furthermore, Th17 cells were elevated in deaths compared with survivors (p = 0.001), also, it could estimate 30‐day mortality risk in Stanford type A AD patients with an AUC of 0.741 (95% CI: 0.614–0.867), which was similar to the value of CRP (AUC: 0.771, 95% CI: 0.660–0.882), but lower than the value of D‐dimer (AUC: 0.818, 95% CI: 0.722–0.913).ConclusionTh1, Th2, and Th17 cells are dysregulated, but only the Th17 cells relate to CRP, D‐dimer, and 30‐day mortality risk in Stanford type A AD patients.
Understanding de novo onset of anxiety during COVID‐19: Pre‐pandemic socio‐emotional functioning in vulnerable children
Authors: Adegboye Dolapo , Lennon Jessica , Batterbee Olivia , Thapar Anita , Collishaw Stephan , Shelton Katherine , Langley Kate , Hobson Christopher , Higgins Andrea , van Goozen Stephanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need to understand and mitigate the psychological impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic for children known to be vulnerable. Data from prior to the pandemic are required to provide robust assessments of the socio‐emotional impacts of COVID‐19 and identify those who are more vulnerable.MethodThis study capitalises on an ongoing UK study of primary school children (4–8 years) identified prior to the pandemic as “at risk” for mental health problems by teachers. We collected mental health and social‐emotional functioning data prior to the pandemic (Time 1) and re‐assessed this cohort (N = 143) via researcher‐led videocalls during lockdown (Time 2, summer 2020) and post‐lockdown, 12 months later (Time 3; summer 2021).ResultsMental health problems, particularly clinically significant anxiety, increased from 34% to 43% during lockdown and to 48% post‐lockdown. Parental mental health difficulties (anxiety and depression) were prevalent during lockdown (40%) but had decreased 1 year later (20%). Children who developed clinically significant anxiety during the pandemic had impaired socio‐emotional functioning at Time 1 (i.e., impaired emotion recognition, low self‐esteem and social problems) and a high proportion (44%) had no contact with any peers during lockdown, which may have contributed to their anxiety, especially their school anxiety.ConclusionThe pandemic appears to have exacerbated anxiety in already vulnerable children. A profile of socio‐emotional problems identified a group of children who developed significant anxieties during the pandemic. These socio‐emotional processes can be targeted for intervention to mitigate the negative mental health consequences of the pandemic and contribute to resilience in children.
siRNA against CD40 delivered via a fungal recognition receptor ameliorates murine acute graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Heissig Beate , Salama Yousef , Tateno Masatoshi , Takahashi Satoshi , Hattori Koichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAcute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGvHD) remains a major threat to a successful outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although antibody‐based targeting of the CD40/CD40 ligand costimulatory pathway can prevent aGvHD, side effects hampered their clinical application, prompting a need for other ways to interfere with this important dendritic T‐cell costimulatory pathway. Here, we used small interfering RNA (siRNA) complexed with β‐glucan allowing the binding and uptake of the siRNA/β‐glucan complex (siCD40/schizophyllan [SPG]; chemical modifications called NJA‐312, NJA‐302, and NJA‐515) into Dectin1+ cells, which recognize this pathogen‐associated molecular pattern receptor. aGvHD was induced by the transplantation of splenocytes and bone marrow cells from C57BL/6J into CBF1 mice. Splenic dendritic cells retained Dectin1 expression after HSCT but showed lower expression after irradiation. The administration of siCD40/SPG, NJA‐312, and NJA‐302 ameliorated aGvHD‐mediated lethality and tissue damage of spleen and liver, but not skin. Multiple NJA‐312high injections prevented aGvHD but resulted in early weight loss in allogeneic HSCT mice. In addition, NJA‐312 treatment caused delayed initial donor T and B‐cell recovery but resulted in stable chimerism in surviving mice. Mechanistically, NJA‐312 reduced organ damage by suppressing CCR2+, F4/80+, and IL17A‐expressing cell accumulation in spleen, liver, and thymus but not the skin of mice with aGvHD. Our work demonstrates that siRNA targeting of CD40 delivered via the PAMP‐recognizing lectin Dectin1 changes the immunological niche, suppresses organ‐specific murine aGvHD, and induces immune tolerance after organ transplantation. Our work charts future directions for therapeutic interventions to modulate tissue‐specific immune reactions using Pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules like 1,3‐β‐glucan for cell delivery of siRNA.