bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical processes associated with summer rains in the western slope of the Peruvian Andes, using weather radar data and numerical modeling: case studies
Authors: Moya-Álvarez Aldo S. , Silva Yamina , Villalobos-Puma Elver , Saavedra-Huanca Miguel , Castillo Carlos Del , Kumar Shailendra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Rain in the city of Lima is unusual and difficult to predict, so it is of great interest to study the mechanisms that generate it when it exceeds normal limits. This work analyzes the synoptic and local circulation conditions that gave rise two precipitation events over the Rimac river basin, in order to characterize the physical processes related to those events. In the first case, the rain affected the city of Lima. In the investigation, surface precipitation measurements, weather radar and satellite information, as well as the WRF outputs were used. For the synoptic analysis, ERA5 reanalysis database were used. As a result, the role played by the humid Eastern Amazon flow was confirmed, but in this case, the important role played by the local circulation of sea daytime breezes and its interaction with Amazon flow, which determined the zone of formation of the largest precipitation areas, was detected. Associated with this interaction, the presence of gravity waves and their importance in strengthening cloud systems was observed. At the same time, it was detected that the daytime sea breeze does not change direction during the night, as it generally does, but it stays from the sea towards the land, although somewhat weaker. The weakening of the Eastern flow from the Amazon was observed to be related to the retreat to the east of the ridge of the South Atlantic Anticyclone. Also, the importance of anticyclonic circulation at high levels over the region was confirmed. At the same time, it was found that the WRF model acceptably describes the mechanisms of formation of this type of event and also adequately reflects the spatial distribution of the rains associated with them. In general, it underestimated the accumulated precipitation recorded by the rain gauge network in the region.
Constructing a Stratigraphic Knowledge Graph (StraKG) with Multi-source Data to Better Understand the Earth’s Rock Layers
Authors: Li Wenjia , Ma Xiaogang , Wang Xinqing , Wu Liang , Salati Sanaz , Xie Zhong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The strata formed in different geological time reflect diverse elements of the geosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere in the Earth’s history of evolution. Stratigraphy, thus, is able to provide a comprehensive understanding of the Earth's rock formations from many aspects, such as litho-stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, event-stratigraphy, and chrono-stratigraphy. In the past decades, massive geological survey data have been made open, which present invaluable resources for studying the stratigraphy in different regions and at different scales. However, many of the open datasets are recorded in the literal form with heterogeneous terminology and there is a shortage of efficient approaches to explore and analyze them. In this research, we designed and constructed a Stratigraphic Knowledge Graph (StraKG) to help address that challenge. StraKG has two layers: schema layer and instance layer. In the schema layer, we used community-recognized terminology from geological dictionaries. In the instance layer, we used natural language processing techniques to analyze open data and obtained relationships between strata and entities such as rocks and spatial locations. The records in the two layers were associated to establish a consistent structure of stratigraphic records in StraKG. To verify the functionality of the resulting knowledge graph, we applied it to the Baidu Encyclopedia, which the largest online Chinese encyclopedia and has heterogeneous labels of stratigraphic sections and massive records of stratigraphic descriptions. A list of three experiments were implemented on the topics of stratigraphic correlation, spatial distribution of a certain stratum, and spatio-temporal distribution of open stratum data. The results show that StraKG is able to provide a powerful reference for the quantitative study of stratigraphy. Used together with data exploration and data mining methods, StraKG illustrates a new approach to analyze the open and big literature data in geoscience.
Cannabidiol-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles with improved bioavailability as a potential for osteoarthritis therapeutic
Authors: Jin Zhiqiang , Zhan Yanting , Zheng Li , Wei Qingjun , Xu Sheng , Qin Zainen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid from cannabis sativa that has demonstrated efficacious against inflammation, which can be considered as a potential drug for arthritis treatment. However, the poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its clinical application. Here, we report an effective strategy to fabricate CBD-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (CBD-PLGA-NPs). The CBD-PLGA-NPs exhibited a spherical morphology and an average diameter of 238 nm. CBD was sustained release from CBD-PLGA-NPs, which improved the bioavailability of CBD. Primary chondrocytes from rat pups were isolated, and LPS was used to induce inflammation in vitro to simulate osteoarthritis (OA). The CBD-PLGA-NPs effectively protect the damage of LPS to cell viability. What’s more, according to the results of CCK-8 assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining, safranin O staining, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, we observed that CBD-PLGA-NPs significantly suppressed LPS-induced primary rat chondrocyte expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13). Remarkably, CBD-PLGA-NPs also showed better therapeutic effects of inhibiting the degradation of the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes than equivalent CBD solution. In general, the fabrication CBD-PLGA-NPs showed good protection of primary chondrocytes in vitro and is a promising system for osteoarthritis treatment. Significance of the study Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid from cannabis sativa that has demonstrated efficacious against inflammation, which can be considered as a potential drug for arthritis treatment. In order to improve the poor solubility and low bioavailability of CBD, we described the development of simple and efficient CBD-loaded nanoparticles (CBD-PLGA-NPs) for treating LPS-induced primary chondrocytes of rat pups damaged. The fabricated CBD-PLGA-NPs could effectively enhance the chondroprotective effects of CBD by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors, increasing cellularity, and improving structural changes, which can be regarded as a potential system to treat OA.
Effects of Unplanned Pregnancy on the Initiation of Intimate Partner Violence in Southeast Iran
Authors: Nejad Fateme Khajoei , Alidousti Katayoun , Bagheri Nahid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:Violence during pregnancy may lead to pregnancy complications or adverse birth outcomes or other serious reproductive events. Unplanned pregnancy can lead to a wide range of physical and psychological consequences for mother and child and affects different aspects­ of social, economic and cultural health. The aim of study is to find if unplanned pregnancy can cause intimate partner violence.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive research was carried out with available sampling on 300 eligible women (150 with unplanned pregnancy and 150 with planned pregnancy) who referred ­to health care centers in, Kerman, Iran in 2021. Iranian version of domestic violence questionnaire and spss­22 were used for data collection and analysis.
Results: The mean age, and age difference with spouse were 29.77±7.06 years, and 4.31±3.03 years respectively. The majority of women (28%) had a diploma, were housewives (69.65%). Comparing domestic violence in unplanned pregnancy group showed that the overall amount of violence during pregnancy (60.64±30.51) was higher than before pregnancy (51.83±25.02) and this difference was significant (p<0.05). the overall mean score of domestic violence in the group with unplanned pregnancy (60.64±30.51) is higher than the group with planned pregnancy (51.35±26.99) (p<0.05). we see that the difference in the mean score of the psychological dimension in unplanned pregnancy (14.23±6.03) and the group of planned pregnancy (10.57±5.32) is statistically significant (p<0.05). Also, the mean score of patriarchal beliefs in the group with unplanned pregnancy (36.93±20.58) during pregnancy is higher than the group with planned pregnancy (31.48±18.43) (p<0.05)
Conclusion: Results showed that all of the domestic violence which started with the beginning of unplanned pregnancy, were in low level except psychological and patriarchic beliefs parts. Onset of violence because of unplanned pregnancy can harm mother and child health significantly and needs urgent interventions.
Zero-Profile Versus Cage and Plate in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for the Treatment of single- level Traumatic Cervical Disc Herniation: A Minimum of Three-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Zhao Wenjie , Zhang Yu , Hu Man , Liu Xin , Yang Jiandong , Tao Yuping , Wang Yongxiang , Feng Xinmin , Zhang Liang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Compared with cage and plate, Zero-Profile device in single and multi-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc diseases shows similar efficacy in improving functional and radiologic outcomes, and reducing incidence of complication rate, especially dysphasia. Whether Zero-Profile device is appropriate for ACDF in the treatment of single-level symptomatic traumatic cervical disc herniation is still unknow. We compare the mid-term efficacy and safety in ACDF using Zero-Profile device with cage and plate for the treatment of single-level traumatic cervical disc herniation.
Methods
From Aug 2014 to Aug 2018, 53 patients with symptomatic traumatic cervical disc herniation underwent ACDF with Zero-Profile device (Group ZP) or cage and plate (Group CP) were included. The clinical outcomes (Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, radiological outcome and complications were reviewed and compared.
Results
All procedures were successfully performed in all patients. The JOA score, NDI score, VAS score and cervical lordosis were significantly improved postoperatively in both groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the two groups at each follow-up time (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in fusion rate and cage subsidence rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the dysphagia rate at postoperative immediately, 1 week and 1 month in Group ZP (14.8%, 11.10% and 3.7%) were lower than those of Group CP (21.7%, 17.4% and 13.0%) (P > 0.05). All patients achieved solid fusion and no patient had dysphagia at final follow-up.
Conclusions
ACDF with Zero-Profile device can not only obtain similar surgical effects compared with cage and plate in the treatment of single-level traumatic cervical disc herniation, but may reduce the incidence of dysphagia rate at early post operative period. Therefore, ACDF with Zero-Profile can be used as an effective and reliable treatment for single-level traumatic cervical disc herniation.
Testing the validity and reliability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21 instrument for individuals with psychodermatology
Authors: Nada Qothrun , Herdiana Ike , Andriani Fitri 
Published: November 2022

Individual psychological health can be seen from the health of the skin. Some skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis can be exacerbated by psychological problems. Based on this, a collaboration between specialist doctors and psychologists is needed to screen for psychological disorders in sufferers. One psychological screening instrument is the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21; this study aims to test its validity and reliability. Non-probability convenience sampling was employed, and 292 participants aged 18-54 were willing to take part in the study. An internal structure validity test was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis, while concurrent validity was assessed by correlating DASS-21 with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSS scores. The reliability test was analyzed using composite reliability. The results of the CFA analysis showed that the data matched Lovibond's theory and that all DASS-21 items were valid (RMSEA =.076, CFI=.961, TLI = .955, SRMR = .065). The results of the concurrent analysis showed that the three scales had a positive correlation with the dimensions of DASS-21, while the reliability results showed a satisfactory value (.850 – .923). The results of the study indicate that DASS-21 is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used to measure depression, anxiety and stress in individuals with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
Chronic Pain And Levodopa Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease Patients
Authors: Camargo Carlos Henrique Ferreira , Blood Marcelo Rezende Young , Medyk Camila , Ferreira Matheus Gomes , Ferro Marcelo Machado , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Pain is a frequent non-motor symptom in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and appears to be related to low levels of dopamine. This study describes the characteristics of chronic pain in a group of PD patients undergoing levodopa therapy.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study. The pain was assessed in 21 selected PD patients with chronic pain using several scales and instruments. Changes in pain response from levodopa use (wearing-off phenomenon) were monitored.

Results:
The most prevalent type of pain was nociceptive (71.4%), musculoskeletal and dystonic, but neuropathic pain accounted for the highest pain score according to the Parkinson’s Disease Pain Classification System (45.5±30.08). Patients with neuropathic, nociplastic, or nociceptive pain upon wearing-off were those who responded to levodopa (p=0.999). According to the McGill questionnaire, patients with pain upon wearing-off had higher scores in the affective/motivational dimension (p=0.022).

Conclusion:
Using a new pain classification and scoring tool, this study corroborates a good response to levodopa in PD-related pain.
Public Awareness of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis in Lebanon
Authors: Menassa Jeanine , Bou Nassar Dima , El Naboulsi Farah , El Naggar Essam , Sunna Nancy , Ghoubar Marcelle 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are associated with substantial disease burdens, including impaired quality of life, functional disability, and lost productivity. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are essential to reducing disease burden and improving long-term outcomes but remain difficult to achieve.

Methods:
To better understand the deficiencies contributing to diagnostic and therapeutic delays in RA and AS in Lebanon, a computer-assisted survey of 1,200 Lebanese citizens was conducted about their awareness and knowledge of these diseases, including characteristics and management.

Results:
Approximately two-thirds and one-third of the survey participants had heard of RA and AS, respectively; two-thirds admitted they knew little about either disease after interviewers provided detailed descriptions. Most participants were aware of the major signs and symptoms of the disease, but most were unaware of serious related comorbidities and complications. While 63% identified rheumatologists as healthcare providers specializing in RA treatment, 89% indicated orthopedists were treating physicians for AS. More than three-quarters of participants understood that early treatment can be effective in RA and AS in preventing disease progression and joint damage, but two-thirds mistakenly considered treatment to be a cure. Among participants who had RA vs AS (57 [4.8%] vs 28 [2.3%]), 21.1% vs 7.1% visited a rheumatologist when initially experiencing symptoms; 64.9% vs 35.7% visited a rheumatologist for follow-up care after diagnosis.

Conclusion:
To close gaps in knowledge and management of RA and AS, initiatives are needed to raise public awareness and educate patients and healthcare providers about the importance of early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Data Fusion of Non-destructive Testing Methods for Bridge Deck Condition Assessment
Authors: Cafiso Salvatore , Di Graziano Alessandro , Goulias Dimitrios G. , Pappalardo Giuseppina 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Highway agencies explore the use of non-destructive testing (NDT) for assessing the condition of their infrastructure in the most cost-effective manner. NDTs can provide as-built construction quality, as well as in service condition assessment especially for older structures where some critical information and/or maintenance records are often not available. In many cases, the use of NDTs requires “ground true” data for either calibration or validation. Surveys for obtaining such information is often challenging for in service structures, time consuming and costly.

Aim:
Objective of this paper is to present a data fusion approach for forensic investigation of bridge decks, in which Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is used to assess the current condition combined with a Laser Scanner system to verify the bridge design features.

Methods:
The data fusion approach proposed in this study considers using GPR based condition data combined with geometric measurements of the bridge deck obtained from the Laser Scanner system. Such novel fusion approach permits to more accurately measure the current bridge deck conditions in terms of thickness of the bridge deck and rebar depth to assess deterioration. Furthermore, detection of variations in the rebar depth suggested the implementation of a correction procedure for the reflection amplitude of the GPR signal based on true rebar depths instead of the two-way travel time, which is commonly applied.

Results:
This innovative analysis approach provided a more refined assessment of delaminated areas in the bridge deck. The data fusion and suggested analysis methodology was tested on a pre-stressed concrete bridge in Italy.

Discussion:
The approach proposed in this study can be used elsewhere for assessing the condition of bridge decks.

Conclusion:
The merging of such methods is particularly valuable for bridges were construction drawing and records may not be available, and/or there is potential concern of a deviation between design and as-built characteristics (i.e., where quality assurance and quality control records may be questionable).
Peritonitis as the Cause of Death of CAPD Patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang 2014-2020
Authors: Sianturi Duma Aulia , Gunawan Atma 
Published: November 2022

Background: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is an effective modality of renal replacement therapy in patients with kidney failure. Peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis remains a significant challenge and complication to success long-term peritoneal dialysis.
Aim: This study aims to report the peritonitis as a cause of death of CAPD patients for six years in end-stage renal failure (ESRD) patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted involving 40 patients with end-stage renal failure who underwent CAPD therapy with peritonitis as the cause of patient mortality by taking data from the CAPD Center medical record at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar from August 2014 to July 2020.
Results: From 674 end-stage renal failure patients who underwent CAPD, 248 patients (36.8%) died, and 426 patients (63.2%) survived to 5 years. CAPD peritonitis is the second most common cause of 40 (16.1%) mortality cases after cardiovascular disease. The most common bacteria causing CAPD peritonitis was coagulate-negative Staphylococcus, with as many as 15 (37.5%) cases.
Conclusion: the most common cause of mortality was Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (37.5 %,), a bacteria that come from touch contamination or infection at the exit site. So that patients and caregivers must be trained to carry out proper exit-site, and it is essential to maintain good hand hygiene before performing exit-site. Appropriate prevention and management of peritonitis are critical to patients' long-term success on peritoneal dialysis.
Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa distribuidora de productos de confitería en la ciudad de Pedernales
Authors: Cedeño Angulo Katty Maricela , Pastrán Calles Félix Reinaldo 
Published: November 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar un plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa distribuidora de productos de confitería en la ciudad de Pedernales. Se determinó el método exploratorio y se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio en la población de Pedernales; se realizó el instrumento con un total de 22 ítems, el cual tiene un conjunto de respuestas cerradas y de selección múltiple, la realización de la encuesta fue a través de la herramienta Google Forms. Los resultados obtenidos dan respuestas como: la economía actual reconoce la importancia de los emprendimientos; además, determina la satisfacción y necesidades en diversas opiniones del cliente, presenta las preferencias de los consumidores ante los productos de confitería, establece la gran relevancia de la confitería en el mercado actual del cantón y permite reconocer que las personas opinan que los emprendimientos generan empleos. En conclusión, el estudio de mercado ofrece aceptabilidad, otorgando todos los puntos en base al servicio. Además, las razones financieras establecen resultados positivos; de esta manera, se puede expresar que lo que refleja el VAN, determina que es rentable. Asimismo, la activación comercial determina efectividad, dando paso a diferentes factores que, de cierto modo, representan ventajas en la activación económica.
La inevitable desaparición de millones de puestos de trabajo motivada por la digitalización
Authors: Blanco Silva Fernando , López Díaz Alfonso , Baamonde Rial Antonio 
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo analiza los cambios provocados por la digitalización durante las últimas décadas en las estructuras laborales de los países que tienen economía de mercado. Durante estos últimos años, el acceso generalizado de la población a las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación y a internet en todo el mundo ha provocado grandes cambios en los tres sectores productivos (primario, secundario y terciario), siendo el más significativo la automatización del sector servicios. Como consecuencia de los cambios producidos en el sector terciario aparece la destrucción de millones de puestos de trabajo que, en un corto plazo, no se van a recuperar, provocando dramáticas consecuencias si no se realizan cambios profundos en la actividad productiva.