bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Using Test-Enhanced Learning as a Formative Assessment in High School Mathematics
Authors: Szeibert Janka , Muzsnay Anna , Szabó Csaba , Bereczky-Zámbó Csilla Gyöngyvér 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Retrieving information from memory can—under many circumstances—strengthen one’s memory of the retrieved information itself. The strategic use of retrieval to enhance memory and help long-term retention is known as retrieval practice. However, it is unclear whether its effect also holds true in the case of learning mathematics. This research is an exploratory case study, where we test a method— using test-enhanced learning as formative assessment—in a high-needs vocational school. Since the literature on how this method works in classroom settings in mathematics is limited, the purpose of our case study was to get a better view and to lay the groundwork for further experiments. The experimental group and one of the control groups were from the vocational school, while the other control group was from an elite grammar school. On the final test members of the experimental group outscored their schoolmates and reached statistically the same scores as the control group from the elite grammar school. By means of the method, we were able to reduce the performance gap in long-term retention between students from the elite grammar school and students from the urban high-needs school.
Taxing mobile and overconfident top earners
Authors: Haufler Andreas , Nishimura Yukihiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe set up a simple model of tax competition for mobile, highly-skilled and overconfident managers. Firms endogenously choose the compensation scheme for managers, which consists of a fixed wage and a bonus payment in the high state. Managers are overconfident about the probability of the high state and hence of receiving the bonus, whereas firms and governments are not. When governments maximize tax revenues, we show that overconfidence unambiguously reduces the bonus tax rate that governments set in the non-cooperative tax equilibrium, while increasing tax revenues. When the government objective incorporates the welfare of resident managers, however, bonus taxes also serve a corrective role and may rise in equilibrium when overconfidence is increased.
Impact of high NiO content on the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of calcium lithium silicate glasses
Authors: Ibrahim S. , Abo-Mosallam H. A. , Mahdy Ebrahim A. , Turky Gamal M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlasses with the composition (11.5 − ×) CaO − 23.5Li2O − 65SiO2: × NiO mol. % (0$$\le \times \leq$$≤×≤11.5) were synthesized by melt-quenching method. And a number of physical parameters have been established. The refractive index and energy gap were also used to estimate the metallization criterion, where these glasses have shown values fallings between high (insulators) and low (metals), indicating that they are semiconductors. The XRD pattern shows the amorphous nature of investigated glasses. A number of spectroscopic analyses of the studied glasses were performed, in relation to NiO content, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Due to compositional changes, FTIR measurements have revealed structural changes in the glass network. Furthermore, with increasing NiO content, the asymmetrical bands of silicate units increase. The creation of Ni–O–Si bonds in the silicate matrix has been attributed to the introducing heavier Ni+2as [NiO4]2−tetrahedral species in substitution of the lighter silicon ion in the [SiO4]4−network, but it could also operate as a network modifier in glass materials. The Ni2+ion may have behaved as a network intermediary, causing more compact structure. The mechanism of charge transfer in the glass compositions under investigation is studied using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. For the first time, the relationship between the hopping time of free ions and dc conductivity is illustrated. All of the glasses under investigation have the same charge transport mechanism. The results suggest the semiconducting nature of these glasses.
Preferred Methods of Measuring Work Participation: An International Survey Among Trialists and Cochrane Systematic Reviewers
Authors: Ravinskaya Margarita , Verbeek Jos H. , Langendam Miranda W. , Madan Ira , Verstappen Suzanne M. M. , Kunz Regina , Hulshof Carel T. J. , Hoving Jan L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurpose Heterogeneity in work participation (WP) outcomes measurements hampers large scale evidence synthesis in systematic reviews of trials. In this survey we explore authors’ reasons for choosing specific WP outcomes and their measurement methods, including employment status, absence from work, at-work productivity loss, and employability. Methods We contacted authors of 260 trials and 69 systematic reviews and asked closed and open-ended questions about previously used WP outcomes and measurement methods as well as their opinion on the best way to measure WP. Results In total, 91 authors from a wide range of professional backgrounds completed the survey. The majority of authors (86%) chose WP outcomes based on their use in previous similar studies. In most studies (88%), patients had not been involved in the process of selecting the WP outcome. Authors judged feasibility to be an important factor for choosing a measurement instrument (67%). Additionally, valid measurement tools should be available, easy to administer and not too time consuming. Although authors preferred registry data for long term follow-up, the availability and validity of registries was seen as a barrier. Most of the reviewers (72%) struggled to pool data because of variation in follow-up times and cut off points and varying definitions of work outcomes. Almost all (92%) respondents support the use of a Core Outcome Set for Work. Conclusions There is strong support from authors of trials and systematic reviews to develop a core outcome set on work participation outcomes for the evaluation of interventions.
The Role of Spirituality and Religiosity in Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review of the Scientific Literature
Authors: de Diego-Cordero Rocío , Ávila-Mantilla Amanda , Vega-Escaño Juan , Lucchetti Giancarlo , Badanta Bárbara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe pandemic caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been affecting populations globally since the end of 2019. Previous studies have indicated that spirituality in these times of crisis serves as a source of hope and well-being that helps people get through the day. This study investigated the role of spirituality and religiosity in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. An integrative review of the scientific literature available on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and a review of the gray literature in the Information System on Gray Literature in Europe (OpenGrey) were carried out. From a total of 1,338 articles searched; 25 articles were included in this review (22 quantitative observational, 2 qualitative and one randomized controlled trial). Our findings revealed the importance of including spirituality in clinical practice for both health professionals and patients. On the one hand, spirituality can be considered a good coping strategy used by healthcare professionals to promote mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting in greater patient satisfaction with the care given. On the other hand, addressing spiritual needs of individuals leads to a reduction in stress, anxiety, depression, and an increase in resilience and hope among patients.
Can There be Thought Without Words?—Donald Davidson on Language and Animal Minds
Authors: Couto Diana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a couple of short papers, Donald Davidson holds that a creature cannot think unless it is the interpreter of the speech of another. At first blush, speaking a language is, therefore, a necessary condition for thought. His controversial claims has led many to regard him as a follower of the Cartesian tradition wherein languageless creatures are nothing but mindless machines. Against this widely shared interpretation, in this paper we put forward a more charitable interpretation of Davidson’s claims. According to our reading, Davidson never meant to argue that languageless creatures do not think. Instead, the only thing his arguments purport to show is that one will never be in a position to confirm that they do. This paper consists of a defense of the idea that Davidson is better seen as endorsing radical skepticism as to whether languageless creatures think.
Quantification and Degradation of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in Bioethanol Fermentation Coproducts
Authors: Simpson J. V. , Wiatr C. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has been used as a biocide in industrial water applications due to its instantaneous antimicrobial activity and rapid chemical breakdown. In this study, DBNPA is considered a potential alternative for antibiotics used for bacterial control during corn-to-ethanol fermentation. A method using LC/MS/MS was developed to accurately quantify DBNPA in water. When this method was applied to quantify DBNPA concentration in a fermentation matrix, DBNPA was found to be unstable and to decay rapidly, preventing validation of the method or quantitation. This method was then used to evaluate the degradation rate of DBNPA in whole stillage, which is the nonvolatile residue produced by removal of ethanol from corn-based fermentation beer by distillation through the relative decrease in measured signal. In addition, a method was developed and validated to quantify bromide, one of the degradation products of DBNPA, in whole stillage using LC/MS/MS. The degradation rate of DBNPA in whole stillage was found to display first-order kinetics with a calculated half-life of 85 min. Laboratory analytical chemistry results on DBNPA degradation were confirmed based on a bacterial viability assay in field trials.
A novel approach to the analytical modelling of an auger conveyor system for lunar regolith transportation
Authors: Benedi Jorge , Just Gunter H. , Roy Matthew J. , Smith Katharine L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAuger-based transportation systems are a promising method to transport lunar regolith for in situ resource utilisation. An analytical model based on terrestrial auger conveyor industry guidelines is used to predict the behaviour and performance parameters of an auger conveyor system under a range of initial conditions. Key aspects of the model have been validated with published experimental data. The proposed model produces more accurate predictions than previous methods and calculates the inclination angle with the best conveying efficiency. The proposed model output flow predictions have on average $$47\%$$

47
%

less deviation from the experimental data mean than previous model predictions, while the predictions for power requirements without considering energy losses present 42.9% and $$59.2\%$$

59.2
%

less deviation than previous predictions. When the losses are considered, the proposed model predictions are 70% and $$86.4\%$$

86.4
%

more accurate than the previous models, which have been found to underestimate the power requirements of this type of conveyors.
Effect of Drought Stress on Bioactives and Starch in Chilean Potato Landraces
Authors: Lacavé Guillaume , Soto-Maldonado Carmen , Walter Achim , Zúñiga-Hansen María , Pérez-Torres Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the importance that environmental stress plays in the agronomic performance of plants, there is little agreement on its effect on bioactive compounds in tuber crops. A field study was carried out with eight diverse Chilean potato landraces and the commercial variety Désirée. Plants were subjected to drought stress for 6 weeks starting at 88 or 110 days after planting. As expected, the treatments had a strong impact on the yield and the number of tubers produced per plant (P<0.01). Surprisingly, there was no significant effect of the treatments on the content of phenolic compounds, anthocyanins or antioxidant activity (P>0.05). Resistant starch content is reported for the first time in these landraces, with values between 26 and 44% DW for raw samples and 5 and 7% DW for boiled samples in plants under well-watered conditions. Bioactive content in general was genotype-dependent and it changed significantly after boiling. Furthermore, our results suggest that bioactive content in raw samples is not necessarily a good predictor for the composition of boiled samples. This is highly relevant considering that screening of varieties with high bioactive content is often carried out in raw tubers. Our results provide valuable information regarding the effect of drought stress in tuber composition and highlight the unexplored potential of the Chilean potato gene pool in the development of varieties with higher bioactive content.
The moderating role of CEO sustainability reporting style in the relationship between sustainability performance, sustainability reporting, and cost of equity
Authors: Lopatta Kerstin , Kaspereit Thomas , Tideman Sebastian A. , Rudolf Anna R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the role of individual managers in the relationship between sustainability performance, sustainability reporting, and cost of equity. Based on prior research showing that both sustainability performance and reporting reduce the risk premium, this paper contributes to the literature by acknowledging that the true motives behind a manager’s corporate sustainability engagement are not apparent to investors. Thus, investors need to rely on further information to assess the relationship between sustainability performance and risk. We argue that CEOs’ values and preferences drive their decisions regarding sustainability activities. Thus, their fixed effect on sustainability reporting conveys a signal to investors about the motives behind corporate sustainability engagement and the extent of reporting. In the first step of our empirical analysis, we document that a CEO’s specific reporting style indeed has significant statistical power in explaining a company’s level of sustainability reporting. In the second step, we find that improved sustainability performance is associated with increased cost of equity when the CEO exerts a strong personal influence on sustainability reporting. However, cost of equity declines if the CEO’s influence on the reporting of improved sustainability performance is low. Our results are consistent with the argument that investors interpret CEO’s fixed-effect on sustainability reporting as a signal. That is, for a high CEO fixed-effect, increases in sustainability engagement are conflated with the CEO's self-interested values. In further tests, we show that the signal seems to be particularly important for normative sustainability activities (vs. legal sustainability activities).
Redistribution of Minor and Trace Elements During Roasting of Cu-Rich Complex Concentrate in Inert Atmosphere
Authors: Prasad Pande Nishant , Thomas Helen , Lennartsson Andreas , Samuelsson Caisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A Cu-rich polymetallic complex concentrate produced at the Garpenberg Mines of Boliden Mineral AB, Sweden is investigated. Roasting at 700 °C in N2 leads to extensive liquid formation. The calcine obtained after cooling down to the room temperature is found to be severely sintered, entrapping numerous melt nuggets. This work focuses on analyzing redistribution of the minor (Ag) and trace elements consequent to the roasting treatment. Advanced micro-analytical techniques such as quantitative evaluation of minerals by scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN), laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) are used in conjunction for detailed characterization of the initial concentrate and the roasted calcine, especially the melt nuggets (which symbolizes the phases which were molten at 700 °C). The minor element—Ag is primarily in the silver-antimonide and tetrahedrite mineral phases in the initial concentrate. Ag separates out of tetrahedrite when the later interacts with galena to form a liquid phase. Furthermore, Mn, Cd, Tl and Hg are the relevant trace elements in the Garpenberg concentrate. Sphalerite is the major host of Mn, Cd and Hg. Tl is mainly in galena. Consequent to liquid formations at 700 °C, the trace elements redistribute and tend to segregate in low-melting phase-fractions. Statistical methods such as correlation matrices and clustering analysis are used effectively in evaluating the data from laser-ablation ICP-MS measurements on sulphide samples.

Graphical Abstract
Investigation of the Damage Mechanism of CrN and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings on Precipitation-Hardened and Duplex-Treated X42Cr13/W Tool Steel by 3D Scratch Testing
Authors: Siddiqui Shiraz Ahmed , Favaro Gregory , Berkes Maros Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present work deals with the characterization of the scratch resistance of two different types of coatings, i.e., chromium nitride (CrN) and diamond-like carbon prepared on X42Cr13/W (1.2083) plastic mold tool steel by physical vapor deposition and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, respectively. Our study focuses on the influence of the duplex treatment, i.e., plasma nitriding + ceramic coating on the scratch resistance of the tool steel. An advanced 3D scratch testing methodology has been used to investigate the coating adhesion and damage mechanism during scratching. The scratch analysis is completed by ball cratering test and micro-Vickers test to determine the thickness and hardness of the coatings. The test results demonstrate that the applied duplex treatment is an unambiguously advantageous surface technological process which manifests itself in higher loadability and lower sensitivity for cracking of the duplex coatings, increasing the critical forces. The scratch resistance of the combined substrate/coating material system is enhanced by the harder substrate material, providing a better interfacial bonding for both types of the ceramic coatings without changing the basic damage mechanisms.
Vocational Students’ Perceptions of Self-Regulated Learning in Work-Based VET
Authors: Pylväs Laura , Nokelainen Petri , Rintala Heta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study’s aim is to examine vocational students’ perceptions of self-regulated learning in work-based settings regarding Finnish vocational education and training (VET). We examined the participants’ self-reported thoughts and experiences of VET learning and vocational development that were reflected against SRL theory. The interview data (N = 33) included apprentices (n = 15) in work-based and students in school-based VET (n = 18) in the fields of social and healthcare, business and administration, and construction. Overall, the results indicated that learning at work promoted vocational students’ cognitive engagement and motivation. The interviews also introduced certain SRL strategies that guided the participants’ efforts to learn. In particular, many of the vocational students had taken the initiative to set goals, done strategic planning, and monitored their own performance jointly with their teachers or co-workers. However, the self-reports also revealed some shortcomings in the students’ SRL behaviour. The importance and availability of social support and positive feedback from VET teachers and workplace trainers/co-workers to vocational students’ learning and self-efficacy were underlined in the self-reports.
Phototrophe Biofilme für die kontinuierliche Produktion von Chemikalien
Authors: Siebert Nina Antonia , Franz Alexander , Karande Rohan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCyanobacteria are considered to be promising host organisms to perform whole-cell biotransformations and for the sustainable production of value-added compounds. However, for their commercial applications, scalable photobioreactors that allow high cell density cultivation, stable and long-term catalytic performance, and high product formation are necessary. Cyanobacterial biofilms in capillary reactors present a promising alternative to overcome some of these challenges.
Resistenzbestimmung nicht-kultivierbarer Bakterien
Authors: Fleischmann Susanne , Robben Christian , Mester Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo cope with environmental stress, bacteria can enter resistant dormancy states such as the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state, in which cells do not divide but remain alive with the potential to resuscitate. Present in both food and clinical environments, VBNC cells are a serious health risk and a challenge for conventional analytical methods. By detecting growth-independent viability parameters, it is possible to investigate resistance of VBNC cells and identify effective antimicrobials.
Möglicher Einfluss von Viren auf die Ausbreitung von Proteinaggregaten
Authors: Heumüller Stefanie-Elisabeth , Vorberg Ina Maja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases are associated with misfolding of proteins into highly-ordered amyloid fibrils. These protein aggregates can be transmitted to other cells in which they induce aggregation of proteins of the same kind. Mechanisms of intercellular transfer include direct cell contact or transfer of aggregates within extracellular vesicles. Recent research suggests that viral proteins can increase the intercellular spreading of protein aggregation by promoting the required membrane interactions.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure reduces cost of care independent of the institutional cumulative caseload in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: D’Ancona G. , Arslan F. , Safak E. , Weber D. , Ince H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Data on the impact of the cumulative percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) caseload on cardiovascular outpatient and hospitalisation costs are limited.

Methods
The present single-institution analysis includes patients treated consecutively from the beginning of our LAAC experience in January 2012 until December 2016. Pre- and post-LAAC costs for hospitalisation and ambulatory visits were included.

Results
A total of 676 patients underwent percutaneous LAAC (using the Watchman device): 49 (2012), 78 (2013), 211 (2014), 210 (2015), and 129 (2016). LAAC procedural costs were stable over the years (overall median €9639; 2012: €9630; 2013: €10,003; 2014: €9841; 2015: €9394; 2016: €9530; p = 0.8) and there was no correlation between cumulative caseload and procedural costs (p = 0.9). Although annualised cardiovascular management costs after LAAC were lower than before LAAC (median difference between pre-LAAC and post-LAAC yearly costs: €727; 2012: €235; 2013: €1187; 2014: €716; 2015: €527; 2016: €1052; p = 0.5 among years analysed) from the beginning of the cumulative procedural experience, a significant reduction in costs was observed only from 2014 onwards. Institutional cumulative LAAC caseload and year of procedure were not related to the amount of reduction in the costs for cardiovascular care.

Conclusion
LAAC led to cost-of-care savings from the beginning of our institutional procedural experience.