bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying clinical and psychological characteristics of cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Nikolaeva O. , Karavaeva T. , Nikolaev E. , Petunova S. , Grigorieva N. , Lazareva E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCardiac surgery patients (CSP) are cardiovascular patients who undergo surgery to treat their disease. Are their psychological characteristics different from those of other cardiac patients?ObjectivesThe goal is to establish peculiarities of the clinical-and-psychological status of CSPs in different clinical groups.MethodsAccording to clinical parameters, 152 CSPs were divided into three groups. The first group comprised patients with CHD indicated to an open-heart coronary artery bypass grafting, the second one included patients with heart failure who were to undergo aortic valve surgery, and the third group included CHD patients and those with heart rhythm abnormalities indicated to minimally invasive surgery.ResultsCSPs had a number of cardiologic complaints, mental disturbance manifestations and concomitant somatic diseases. They showed difference in the duration of the disease, previous occurrence of heart surgery or myocardial infarction, and in the degree of heart failure manifestations. Self-assessment of pre-surgery CSPs corresponded to the severity of their clinical condition, while indications of hope for recovery were at the maximum level. The second group showed a moderate level of depression, while the third one – slight depression. All the groups revealed a disharmonic profile of time perspective. Group 1 CSPs showed some manifestations of hostility. We saw different manifestations of CSPs’ personal adaptation resources. While hardiness had insufficient showings at the level of most components, social support was excessive in all groups.ConclusionsCSPs as other cardiac patients revealed depressive disorders and hostility. At the same time, they have more social support, which testifies availability of good interpersonal resources.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Hypokalemia : what correlation with psychotic relapse ?
Authors: Abassi B. , Khelifa E. , Bouguerra I. , Nourchene K. , Mnif L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHypokalemia is often detected on standard biological assessments of patients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders. Many explanations are advanced by clinicians like insufficient food intake or drug effects. But what if there was a relationship between this ionic disorder and psychotic relapses?ObjectivesTo assess the frequency of hypokalemia in patients hospitalized for a psychotic relapse and to study its relationship with certain clinical characteristics.Methods

This is a cross-sectional study conducted over a 3-month period (july-september 2021), including 37 male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and hospitalized in a psychiatric unit for a psychotic relapse. Patients had blood collection before medication that was sent for a complete blood count and blood chemistry testing.ResultsBlood potassium level ranged from 2.92 to 4.87 mmol/L with an average of 3.74 mmol/l. Half patients ( 54.1% , N=20 ) had hypokalemia. Among them, two had electric signs on their ECG and two had physical symptoms. In patients with hypokalemia, the cause of hospitalization was the agitation in 80% of cases versus 58.8% in patients with normal potassium levels. The correlation was not significant between hypokalemia and the use of a restraint (p=0.160) or the somatic history (p=0.495).Conclusionshypokalemia is an ionic disorder that should be detected in patients with schizophrenia. It exposes the patient to the risk of a sudden death, especially with use of antipsychotics that are at a high risk for torsade de pointes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Somatic Comorbidity of Anxious and Depressed Miners
Authors: Becarevic N. , Softic R. , Becarevic M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDepression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. The prevalence of depression is rising and it often co-occurs with other physical diseases.ObjectivesThe research aims to determine the comorbidity of depression and anxiety disorders with chronic physical diseases among employees of the „Brown coal mine Banovici“.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study that included 117 employees from the disease registry who are being under the treatment of depression and anxiety disorder. We collected data from medical records of patients about sex, age, marital status, smoking status, physical diseases, types of antidepressants, and the other drugs they use.ResultsThe study showed that there are 117 employees of the „Brown coal mine Banovici“ who are under treatment of depression and anxiety-depressive disorder. 22 (18,8%) of them are females and 95 (81,2%) males in an average life span of 48,3 years. The most commonly used antidepressant is Escitalopram. 62 (53%) out of 117 patients with depression have comorbidity with diseases of the circulatory system, 24 (20,51%) have comorbidity with diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, 16 (13,68%) have comorbidity with endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases. 25 (21,37%) patients are not suffering from any other chronic physical disease. The most commonly used drugs besides antidepressants are antihypertensives.ConclusionsThe comorbidity rate of depression and anxiety disorders with cardiovascular diseases among employees of the „Brown coal mine Banovici“ is higher than with all other chronic physical diseases.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Paraphilic Disorder and Gender Dysphoria in a Case with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Altunoz U. , Krueger J. , Ziegenbein M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized with difficulties in social interaction/communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Sexual issues such as paraphilic behaviors in ASD have gained attention in recent years, however there is still a great paucity of research regarding this issue.ObjectivesThe aim of this presentation is to draw attention to a crucial dimension through a case of ASD with paraphilic disorder (pedophilic tendencies) and gender dysphoria.MethodsOne case from an inpatient unit of a psychiatric clinic in Lower Saxony, Germany will be reported.ResultsCase: An 18-year-old male was referred to our acute psychiatric ward due to suicidal thoughts and other depressive symptoms. In further examination, he stated that he had pedophilic phantasies which he was trying to satisfy by using child pornography in the darknet. He had never been involved in any sexual relationship with a child and described this behavior as an addiction that he wanted to get rid of. Detailed psychiatric examination and developmental history yielded the diagnosis of high-functioning ASD. The compulsory paraphilic engagement is classified as a restrictive-repetitive interest in terms of ASD. In addition, the patient presented gender incongruence with moderate gender dysphoria, dressed in a skirt and wanted to be perceived and named rather gender-neutral, which was supported through the whole course.ConclusionsThrough systemic understanding of the high-functioning ASD structure and complex symptomatology, socio- and psychotherapeutic approaches were implemented which yielded an apparent stabilization. The detailed therapeutic process in the light of the present literature will be discussed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sleep Disorders and Dual Disorders
Authors: Fernandez Mayo L. , Baño Rodrigo D. , Barbero García E. , Agujetas Rodriguez M. , Falcón Torres I. , De Antonio Pérez V. , Medina Sanchez C. , Serrano García M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWhile it is well known that there is an interaction between sleep disorders and substance abuse, it is certainly more complex than was previously thought. The effects on sleep depend on the substance used, but it has been shown that both during use and in withdrawal periods consumers have various sleep problems, and basically more fragmented sleep. We know that sleep problems must be taken into account to prevent addiction relapses.ObjectivesTo explain the different sleep disorders caused by substances such as alcohol and cannabisMethodsAs an example of this, two cases are introduced: the first one, a 17-year-old boy, who is diagnosed with ADHD with daily cannabis use since the age of 14. As a result of reducing consumption, he presents an episode of sleep paralysis that he had not previously had. The second one is a 50-year-old man diagnosed with a personality disorder and with dependence on cannabis and alcohol for years. He currently has abstinence from alcohol for months and maintains daily cannabis use. However, he has long-standing sleep pattern disturbances and frequent depersonalization phenomena at night.ResultsAlcohol at low doses has no clear effects on sleep architecture. At higher doses it decreases sleep latency, as well as awakenings. In chronic alcoholic patients, a decrease in deep slow sleep, and more fragmented sleep have been found. Cannabis withdrawal reduces sleep quality, increases latency, and produces strange dreams.ConclusionsThere is a positive relationship both between having a substance use disorder and suffering from a sleep disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder: diagnostic and management challenges
Authors: Barbosa M. , Guedes R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are neurodevelopmental disorders that commonly persist into adulthood. ADHD in adults can resemble, and often co-occurs with, bipolar disorder (BD), which might lead to diagnostic errors, ineffective treatment and potentially serious adverse consequences.ObjectivesTo review on the overlaps and differences in the psychopathology of the two entities and particularities of the management when they occur comorbidely.MethodsThe Medline database through the Pubmed search engine was used with the following keywords: “adhd” and “bipolar disorder”.ResultsADHD has an estimated prevalence of 10-30% in adults with BD. Despite the symptomatic similarities, there are some important differences. In the ADHD/BD comorbidity, symptoms like attention-deficit, distractibility, irritability, impulsiveness and hyperactivity that may present in (hypo)manic and/or depressive episodes, tend to persist after clinical stabilization. While adult patients with ADHD typically experience ceaseless mental activity and wandering mind, BD patients may have racing thoughts and perceive them as making sense. ADHD patients may have poor socio-occupational achievement that may lead to low self-esteem, low self-confidence and depressed mood. Features like course of illness, psychiatric family history and treatment response may help differentiate the two entities. The treatment must start with mood stabilization and then proceed to the treatment of ADHD symptoms.ConclusionsA complete clinical history, with particular focus in the neurodevelopmental history, is important but sometimes is not enough for an accurate diagnosis of this comorbidity. As so, clinicians should be aware of the high comorbidity rates to prevent misdiagnosis and provide the best care for both disorders.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Relationship between cannabis use and schizophrenia
Authors: Vazquez Vazquez J.J. , Gutiérrez Rodríguez M.M. , Corral Y Alonso M.D.L.A. , Moreno Menguiano C. , Garcia Sánchez F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNumerous studies have shown evidence that cannabis use increases the appearance of psychotic symptoms and disorders, and worsens the course of the disease in those with schizophrenia. However, a causal relationship between cannabis and schizophrenia has not been well established yet.ObjectivesIn this presentation we try to review the relationship between cannabis use and prevalence of schizophrenia.MethodsWe performed a search of Medline looking for systematic reviews and methodologically robust studies in the field published in English in the last 5 years.ResultsA number of studies, both cross-sectional and prospective, find a prevalence of schizophrenia several times higher among cannabis users than in non-users. This association becomes stronger the lower the age of cannabis use onset, the higher the amount consumed and the higher the THC concentration are. Half of the patients with a cannabis-induced psychotic disorder turn into a diagnosis of schizophrenia within a few years. So far, it has not been possible to demonstrate a global increased prevalence of schizophrenia in relation to the increase of cannabis use in the population in recent decades.ConclusionsCannabis and schizophrenia have a complex relationship model; we still cannot clearly establish whether it is causal or the first works as a trigger for pathology in vulnerable subjects.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Resistant schizophrenia in a patient with oculocutaneous albinism successfully treated with clozapine
Authors: Jelti A. , N’Sabi F. , Kennab F. , Barrimi M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSeveral studies have shown an association between oculocutaneous albinism and several neuropsychiatric entities, including schizophrenia.We present through this work the first case of resistant schizophrenia described in this type of patient.ObjectivesDemonstrate the safety of clozapine in albinos patients and discuss the linkage between the two disorders.MethodsWe describe the case of a 23-year-old patient with oculocutaneous albinism who developed treatment-resistant schizophrenia, successfully treated with clozapine.ResultsWe received the patient referred by his private psychiatrist, after the absence of improvement despite the use of several first and second generation antipsychotics, alone and in combination, at therapeutic doses, with good compliance and for a duration of more than 3 months.The onset of psychotic symptoms was at the age of 18 years, and the evolution was continuous.On admission, the patient was agitated and assessment of thought content were difficult due to intellectual disorganization. The initial PANSS score was assessed at 120. The somatic examination was normal, except for generalized hypopigmentation and horizontal and rotatory nystagmus. A biological workup, MRI, and electroencephalogram revealed no abnormalities.The diagnosis of resistant schizophrenia was retained and the patient was put on clozapine 12.5 mg/d with progressive titration to a dose of 400 mg at the 6th week, with marked improvement; the patient became motor calm, with understandable speech and adapted responses, the PANSS score at the 2nd month decreased markedly by 33 (from 120 to 87).ConclusionsThis case report suggests that clozapine can be safely introduced in patients with oculocutaneous albinism.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neuroimaging Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Esagoff A. , Stevens D. , Bray M. , Bryant B. , Daneshvari N. , Jung D. , Rodriguez C. , Richey L. , Luna L. , Sair H. , Peters M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNeuroimaging has been a highly utilized technique for studying traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) independently of one another, however, neuroimaging has increasingly been identified as a useful tool in better understanding TBI-related psychiatric conditions, such as PTSD.ObjectivesTo complete a systematic review of the literature examining neuroimaging findings in TBI-related PTSD and to highlight the current literature’s limitations in order to strengthen future research.MethodsA PRISMA compliant literature search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Scopus databases prior to May of 2019. The initial database query yielded 4388 unique articles, which were narrowed down based on specified inclusion criteria (e.g., clear TBI definition, clinician-diagnosed PTSD, statistically analyzed relationship between neuroimaging and PTSD, quantified time interval between TBI and neuroimaging).ResultsA final cohort of 10 articles met inclusion criteria, comprising the findings of 482 participants with TBI. Key neuroanatomical findings among the included articles suggest that PTSD is associated with significant changes in whole-brain networks of resting state connectivity and disruptions in bilateral frontal and temporal white matter tracts, fronto-limbic pathways, the internal capsule, and the uncinate fasciculus (Figure 1).
Figure 1a:Neuroimaging Findings in TBI-related PTSD.Figure 1b.Replicated Neuroimaging Findings in TBI-related PTSD in the Right Uncinate Fasciculus.ConclusionsAdditional inquiry with attention to specified imaging timing post-injury, consistent TBI definitions, clinician-diagnosed TBI and PTSD, and control groups is crucial to extrapolating discrepancies between primary and TBI-related PTSD. Prospective studies could further differentiate predisposing factors from sequelae of TBI-related
PTSD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Behavioural disturbances as the clinical presentation of Wernicke Encephalopathy: a case report
Authors: Mayor Sanabria F. , Bermejo Pastor A. , Fernández Fariña M. , Expósito Durán M.E. , Regueiro Martín-Albo C. , Jiménez Cabañas M. , Ortiz Sánchez-Expósito C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWernicke Encephalopathy (WE) is the best characterized neurological complication of thiamine deficiency. Its clinical presentation can be diverse, including hallucinatory or delusional symptoms, and not necessarily associated with the classical triad of WE. This correlates with higher rates of under diagnosis. We present the case of a 72-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who was admitted to the hospital due to behavioural disturbances and subacute delusional ideas of harm.ObjectivesTo review the epidemiology and clinical features of WE, as well as its clinical management.MethodsReview of the literature on WE clinical presentation and management, focusing on psychopathological symptoms, applying the information to this specific case.ResultsClassical triad of WE is only to be found in 10-17% of patients. The most common clinical presentation is changes in mental state (82%), varying from subtle changes in memory, apathy, subtle disorientation or indifference to more severe presentations such as delirium, stupor or coma. Other frequent symptoms include oculomotor dysfunction and gait ataxia. High dose thiamine supplementation therapy has proven effective in preventing clinical progression and permanent neurological damage.Conclusions- WE is the most prevalent complication of thiamine deficiency, being associated to alcoholism in 50% of cases. - Changes in mental state is the most frequent form of clinical presentation, not necessarily associated with the classical triad of WE. - WE is a medical emergency that requires high dose thiamine supplementation therapy to prevent permanent neurological damage.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Glaucoma and Psychotropics
Authors: Cavaco T. , Rema J. , Rodrigues C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionGlaucoma is a heterogeneous group of conditions which result in optic neuropathy and visual defects, majorly linked with the increase of intra-ocular pressure (IOP). It is known that psychotropic drugs have been implicated in drug induced angle-closure glaucoma, mostly through its anti-cholinergic effect.ObjectivesSystematize the drugs most and least implicated in its appearance and worsening and understand the care needed on prescribing.MethodsA search on Pubmed database was made having in consideration the Mesh Terms Glaucoma and Psychotropic Drugs and its different classes. Specific searches were made when appropriate on different platforms.ResultsImplications on the appearance and worsening of glaucoma are clear for tricyclic antidepressants. The evidence is not clear for SSRIs, SNRIs and mirtazapine, but they might be related with increased IOP. Other classes of antidepressants seem to be of lower risk. Antipsychotics do not seem to be greatly associated with angle closure, although there are some case reports. There are descriptions of the potencial use of haloperidol, anti-convulsive mood stabilizers, with exception of topiramate, melatonin and anti-dementia drugs on the treatment of this condition. In practice, benzodiazepines do not seem to precipate angle-closure. Methamphetamines are contraindicated. Eletroconvulsive therapy its an option.ConclusionsAlthough not prevalent, angle-closure glaucoma can have serious implications and culminate in irreversible blindness. In patients with known risk-factors its important to have it on consideration at the time of the prescription and warn on seeking immediate help if having acute ocular pain, redness and/ or cloudy vision.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Emotional experiences of elderly patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease using extended home oxygen therapy: A qualitative study on reports at a university specialized outpatient clinic in Brazil
Authors: Turato E. , Bueno G. , Valadão L. , Paschoal I. , Campos C.J. , Martins L.C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWhat do patients talk during a clinic evaluation? What do they report besides referring physical complaints? It is crucial to value ’hidden’ symbolic issues under a conversation between patient and his/her doctors and nurses. Elderly people are at increased risk of developing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) that requires the management of associated emotions. In advanced stages, they need to use Long-term Home Oxygen Therapy (LTOT) as part of treatment. Patients perceive difficulties with its use, generating anguish.ObjectivesTo explore meanings of emotional experiences as reported by patients regarding LTOT, seen in a public university outpatient service.MethodsQualitative design. Semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions were carried out with seven elderly patients at Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic at General Hospital at University of Campinas, diagnosed with COPD and using LTOT in period 2019 to 2020. Data were analyzed using Content Analysis with the support of Webqda software. COREQ checklist was used.ResultsThree categories emerged from interviews: (1) Changes of self-image perception with great dissatisfaction in not recognizing their selves physically. (2) Sadness with social isolation and feelings of awkwardness regarding themselves. (3) Affective aspects bringing the need to re-mean old family supports.ConclusionsSimply listening to reports of emotional complaints implies only a description of a clinical condition of the psychic sphere. Elderly patients with COPD bring psychological representations of their clinical condition that call for a symbolic interpretation. If such patients become aware of hidden meanings, they can better manage their fears and other uncomfortable feelings.DisclosureNo significant relationships.