bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female terminalia morphology and cladistic relations among Tok‐Tok beetles (Tenebrionidae: Sepidiini)
Authors: Kamiński Marcin J. , Gearner Olivia M. , Raś Marcin , Hunsinger Elliot T. , Smith Amelia L. , Mas‐Peinado Paloma , Girón Jennifer C. , Bilska Aleksandra G. , Strümpher Werner P. , Wirth Christopher C. , Kanda Kojun , Swichtenberg Kali , Iwan Dariusz , Smith Aaron D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTok‐tokkies are one of the most iconic lineages within Tenebrionidae. In addition to containing some of the largest darkling beetles, this tribe is recognized for its remarkable form of sexual communication known as substrate tapping. Nevertheless, the phylogenetic relationships within the group remain poorly understood. This study investigates the usefulness of female terminalia morphology for delimiting Sepidiini and reconstructing relationships among it. Data on the structure of the ovipositors, genital tubes and spicula ventrali have been generated for >200 species representing 28 Pimeliinae tribes. This dataset was used in a comparative analysis at the subfamilial level, which resulted in recognition of several unique features of tok‐tokkie terminalia. Additionally, new features linking phenotypically challenging tribes also were recovered (Cryptochilini + Idisiini + Pimeliini). Secondly, 23 characters linked to the structure of female terminalia were defined for tok‐tok beetles. Cladistic analysis demonstrates the nonmonophyletic nature of most of the recognized subtribes. The morphological dataset was analysed separately and in combination with available molecular data (CAD, Wg, cox1, cox2, 28S). All obtained topologies were largely congruent, supporting the following changes: Palpomodina Kamiński & Gearner subtr.n. is erected to accommodate the genera Namibomodes and Palpomodes; Argenticrinis and Bombocnodulus are transferred from Hypomelina to Molurina; 153 species and subspecies previously classified within Psammodes are distributed over three separate genera (Mariazofia Kamiński nom.n., Piesomera stat.r., Psammodes sens.n.). Psammodes sklodowskae Kamiński & Gearner sp.n. is described. Preliminary investigation of the ovipositor of Mariazofia basuto (Koch) comb.n. was carried out with the application of microcomputed tomography, illuminating the muscular system as a reliable reference point for recognizing homologous elements in highly modified ovipositors.
Should systemic antibiotics be prescribed in periodontal abscesses and pericoronitis? A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Leroy Roos , Bourgeois Jolyce , Verleye Leen , Toma Selena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study assessed whether systemic antibiotics are beneficial or harmful in patients who present with an acute periodontal abscess or pericoronitis, with or without systemic involvement, and, if antibiotics are beneficial, which type, dosage, and duration are the most effective. Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were screened from 1948 up to 1 April 2022 for systematic reviews, randomised clinical trials (RCTs), and other studies. Dedicated websites were consulted for systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines, and health technology assessments on the topic. Outcomes of interest comprised tooth survival, swelling, pain, tooth mobility, periodontal probing depth, suppuration, adverse effects, quality of life measurements, and medication required for pain relief. Overall, five guidelines, seven systematic reviews, 15 RCTs, and 34 other studies were identified and selected for full‐text assessment, but none of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. At present there is no single randomised or non‐randomised controlled trial assessing the harms and clinical effectiveness of systemic antibiotics in adults with a periodontal abscess or pericoronitis.
The “modest majority and big minority” of climate change: Believers and nonbelievers are inaccurate about the extent that others agree
Authors: Maier Karl J. , Whitehead George I. , Lahay Amber R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEstablished social psychology literature shows that people demonstrate a systematic bias when estimating the proportion of others who hold their viewpoint on a range of issues; the majority regularly underestimates agreement, and the minority shows even greater error in overestimating agreement with their viewpoint. Applying this to climate change may help us better understand the determinants of public opinion on that issue. Across four studies, we found that people who believe climate change is happening (the majority) underestimate the percentage of other people who hold their view, whereas those who do not believe climate change is happening (the minority) greatly overestimate agreement with their view. We consistently found this pattern for other contemporary issues where there was a clear majority/minority distinction. Furthermore, greater certainty of one's position on climate change was related to greater and more accurate estimates of agreement among the majority, whereas low certainty was associated with estimates closer to 50%. Consistent with cognitive availability as a mechanism for these findings, exploratory analyses suggest that greater certainty of climate change happening is associated with a greater subjective knowledge and frequency of thinking and hearing about climate change, and talking about it with others. Finding the majority/minority pattern of consensus bias for climate change and other issues suggests that general approaches, such as providing accurate normative data and targeting efforts according to a population's belief certainty, may impact public sentiment and engagement on climate change.
Clinical, microbiological, and immunological effects of 3‐ or 7‐day systemic antibiotics adjunctive to subgingival instrumentation in patients with aggressive (Stage III/IV Grade C) periodontitis: A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cosgarea Raluca , Jepsen Søren , Heumann Christian , Batori‐Andronescu Ionela , Rosu Alexandra , Bora Raluca , Arweiler Nicole B. , Eick Sigrun , Sculean Anton 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the clinical non‐inferiority of a 3‐day protocol of systemic antibiotics adjunctive to subgingival instrumentation (SI) compared with a 7‐day‐protocol in patients with Stage III/IV Grade C periodontitis.Materials and MethodsFifty systemically healthy patients (32.7 ± 4.3 years) with aggressive periodontitis (AgP; Stage III/IV Grade C periodontitis) were treated by SI and adjunctive amoxicillin and metronidazole and were randomly assigned to Group A: (n = 25) 500 mg antibiotics (AB) 3 times a day for 3 days, followed by placebo 3 times a day for 4 days, or Group B: (n = 25) 500 mg AB 3 times a day for 7 days. Clinical, microbial, and immunological parameters were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, and patient‐related outcomes were assessed after 2 weeks. The primary outcome variable was the number of residual sites with pocket depth (PD) ≥6 mm at 6 months.ResultsFor the primary outcome variable (the number of residual sites with PD ≥6 mm at 6 months), the null hypothesis was rejected and non‐inferiority of the 3‐day AB protocol compared with the 7‐day AB protocol was demonstrated (the upper limits of the 95% confidence interval for intention to treat analysis: [−2.572; 1.050] and per protocol analysis: [−2.523; 1.318] were lower than the assumed margin of Δ = 3.1). Comparable clinical improvements were obtained for all parameters with both antibiotic protocols (p > .05). All investigated periodontopathogens and pro‐inflammatory host‐derived markers were statistically significantly reduced without differences between the treatments (p > .05).ConclusionsThese findings indicate that in patients with AgP (Stage III/IV Grade C periodontitis), a 3‐day systemic administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole adjunctive to SI may lead to non‐inferior clinical outcomes after 6‐months with fewer adverse events compared with a 7‐day‐protocol.
Prevalence of non‐cavitated lesions and progression, regression, and no change from age 9 to 23 years
Authors: Zafar Mahrukh , Levy Steven M. , Warren John J. , Xie Xian Jin , Kolker Justine , Pendleton Chandler 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesSome non‐cavitated caries lesions (D1), the initial stage of caries, progress to cavitation. This article reports participant‐level and surface‐level D1 prevalence and changes in status of D1 lesions through different periods from age 9 to 23.MethodsThe Iowa Fluoride Study (IFS) participants were followed longitudinally; all permanent tooth surfaces were examined clinically for caries at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23 using standardized criteria for sound (S), questionable (D0), non‐cavitated (D1), cavitated (D2+), filled (F), or missing due to decay (M). D1 lesions at the beginning of each interval were reassessed at each follow‐up age to determine transitions (to the 5 categories or no transition).ResultsThe sample had relatively high socioeconomic status (SES), with about 52%–55% high SES, 32–35% middle SES, and 12–13% low SES. Person‐level prevalences of D1 lesions were 23%, 38%, 60%, and 45% at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23, respectively. Surface‐level prevalences were less than 1% at ages 9 and 13, 3% at 17, and 2% at 23. Thirteen percent of D1s at age 9 progressed at 13, 18% progressed from 13 to 17, and 11% progressed from 17 to 23. The percentages regressing (to sound or D0) were 72%, 54%, and 72%, respectively.ConclusionNon‐cavitated lesions were more prevalent at age 17 than at ages 9, 13, and 23. The high rates of regression compared to progression or no change suggest that many non‐cavitated lesions do not progress to cavitated lesions and could be reversed; therefore, surgical intervention should not be the treatment of choice for incipient lesions.
Intersections between adolescent fertility and obesity—pathways and research gaps focusing on Latin American populations
Authors: Câmara Saionara M. A. , McGurk Meghan D. , Gigante Denise , Lima Mateus D. A. , Shalaby Alena K. , Sentell Tetine , Pirkle Catherine M. , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLatin America has notably elevated rates of adolescent fertility and obesity in women. Although numerous studies document associations between adolescent fertility and obesity across the life course, the pathways explaining their association are insufficiently theorized, especially regarding the factors in Latin America that may underpin both. Additionally, much of the existing research is from high‐income countries, where fertility and obesity are trending down. In this paper, we review the various complex pathways linking adolescent fertility and obesity, highlighting research gaps and priorities, with a particular focus on Latin American populations. We carefully consider pregnancy's distinct impact on growth trajectories during the critical period of adolescence, as well as the cumulative effect that adolescent fertility may have over the life course. We also articulate a pathway through obesity as it may contribute to early puberty and thus, to adolescent fertility. If obesity is a cause of adolescent fertility, not a result of it, or if it is a mediator of early‐life exposures to adulthood obesity, these are critical distinctions for policy aiming to prevent both obesity and early fertility. Research to better understand these pathways is essential for prevention efforts against obesity and undesired adolescent fertility in Latin America.
Oral and maxillofacial tuberculosis: A systematic review
Authors: de Farias Gabriel Amanda , Kirschnick Laura Borges , Só Bruna Barcelos , Schuch Lauren Frenzel , Silveira Felipe Martins , Martins Marco Antonio Trevizani , Wagner Vivian Petersen , Lopes Márcio Ajudarte , Martins Manoela Domingues 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, histopathological, diagnosis, treatment, and follow‐up data on the occurrence of oral and maxillofacial tuberculosis (OMTB).MethodsElectronic searches without publication date restrictions were undertaken in four databases. Case reports and case series describing the occurrence of OMTB were included. Critical evaluation of studies was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute – University of Adelaide tool for case reports or case series.ResultsA total of 217 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, for a total of 301 cases of OMTB. Of these patients, 192 (63.7%) were male, with an average age of 39.6 ± 19.8 (15 months to 81 years). The tongue (n = 80/26.6%) represented the most common affected site, followed by the mandible (n = 43/14.3%). The clinical presentation consisted mainly of a painful ulcerated lesion (n = 156/56.5%). Histopathological analysis showed a granulomatous inflammation in most cases (n = 156/63.1%). The main diagnostic methods used were sputum test (n = 53/26.8%), culture (n = 49/24.7%) and purified protein derivative (PPD), or Mantoux test (n = 49/24.7%). Antituberculosis therapy was used in 244 cases (100.0%) and 5.2% of patients died.ConclusionsThis systematic review provided clinical, demographic data and information about diagnostic methods of OMTB lesions and served as an important guide to assist health professionals in the early diagnosis of these lesions.
Smart home technology to support older people's quality of life: A longitudinal pilot study
Authors: Aggar Christina , Sorwar Golam , Seton Carolyn , Penman Olivia , Ward Anastasia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis pilot study aimed to explore the impact of Smart Home technology to support older people’s quality of life, particularly for those who live alone.BackgroundThere has been an increased interest in using innovative technologies and artificial intelligence to enable Smart Home technology to support older people to age independently in their own homes.MethodsThis study used a pre‐and post‐test design. The seven item Personal Wellbeing Index was used to measure participants’ subjective quality of life across seven quality of life domains. Participants (n = 60) aged between 68 and 90 years (M = 80.10, SD = 5.56) completed a 12‐week personalised Smart Home technology program.ResultsApproximately half of the participants lived alone (48.3%). Participants’ quality of life significantly increased (p = 0.010) after Smart Home use. Two domains, “achieving in life” (p = 0.026) and “future security” (p = 0.004), were also significantly improved after participating in the Smart Home technology program. Improvements in quality of life did not vary as a function of living arrangement (all ps > .152, all > .00).ConclusionThe current study provides preliminary evidence for the role of Smart Home technology in supporting older people’s quality of life, particularly their sense of achieving in life and future security.
A dual legume‐rhizobium transcriptome of symbiotic nodule senescence reveals coordinated plant and bacterial responses
Authors: Sauviac Laurent , Rémy Antoine , Huault Emeline , Dalmasso Mélanie , Kazmierczak Théophile , Jardinaud Marie‐Françoise , Legrand Ludovic , Moreau Corentin , Ruiz Bryan , Cazalé Anne‐Claire , Valière Sophie , Gourion Benjamin , Dupont Laurence , Gruber Véronique , Boncompagni Eric , Meilhoc Eliane , Frendo Pierre , Frugier Florian , Bruand Claude 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSenescence determines plant organ lifespan depending on aging and environmental cues. During the endosymbiotic interaction with rhizobia, legume plants develop a specific organ, the root nodule, which houses nitrogen (N)‐fixing bacteria. Unlike earlier processes of the legume–rhizobium interaction (nodule formation, N fixation), mechanisms controlling nodule senescence remain poorly understood. To identify nodule senescence‐associated genes, we performed a dual plant‐bacteria RNA sequencing approach on Medicago truncatula–Sinorhizobium meliloti nodules having initiated senescence either naturally (aging) or following an environmental trigger (nitrate treatment or salt stress). The resulting data allowed the identification of hundreds of plant and bacterial genes differentially regulated during nodule senescence, thus providing an unprecedented comprehensive resource of new candidate genes associated with this process. Remarkably, several plant and bacterial genes related to the cell cycle and stress responses were regulated in senescent nodules, including the rhizobial RpoE2‐dependent general stress response. Analysis of selected core nodule senescence plant genes allowed showing that MtNAC969 and MtS40, both homologous to leaf senescence‐associated genes, negatively regulate the transition between N fixation and senescence. In contrast, overexpression of a gene involved in the biosynthesis of cytokinins, well‐known negative regulators of leaf senescence, may promote the transition from N fixation to senescence in nodules.
Acquaintanceships (weak ties): Their role in people's web of relationships and their formation
Authors: Sprecher Susan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe multidisciplinary field of personal relationships has focused primarily on strong ties (romantic relationships, friendships, family relationships). However, acquaintances (weak ties) are pervasive in people's lives, contribute to well‐being, influence strong ties, and can become strong ties over time. This review article synthesizes several areas of literature about the role of acquaintances (weak ties) in the web of relationships and about the formation of acquaintanceships. The terms acquaintances and weak ties are used interchangeably in this article to refer to the type of relationship that exists in the peripheral layers of social networks. In the first section, I discuss the literature on factors associated with the size of people's acquaintance network, needs met by acquaintances (compared to those of closer ties), health and happiness benefits of interaction with acquaintances, and the dark side of acquaintances including having unwanted acquaintances. In the second section, I discuss how acquaintanceships are formed, and particularly the type that can develop into a closer tie. This section summarizes research from the literatures on friendship formation, relationship initiation, attraction, and first interactions of dyads at zero‐acquaintance. I end the article by identifying several research topics on acquaintances that could be studied by the next generation of scholars.
Dynamic scheduling of home care patients to medical providers
Authors: Cire Andre A. , Diamant Adam 
Published: July 2022

Home care provides personalized medical care and social support to patients within their own homes. Our work proposes a dynamic scheduling framework to assist in the assignment of health practitioners (HPs) to patients who arrive stochastically over time and are heterogeneous with respect to their health requirements, service duration, and region of residence. We model the decision of which patients to assign to HPs as a discrete‐time, rolling‐horizon, infinite‐stage Markov decision process. Due to the curse of dimensionality and the combinatorial structure associated with an HP's travel, we propose an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) approach based on a one‐step policy improvement heuristic. Four policies are investigated: The first two prioritize HP fairness by balancing service and travel times, respectively, while the other two are based on fluid approximations of the system. We show that the first fluid model is optimal if the number of patient arrivals is sufficiently large while the second performs better experimentally; both approaches leverage pricing and decomposition strategies. We compare our framework to more commonly implemented policies—constrained versions of the classical vehicle routing problem—in a simulation study using data collected from a Canadian home care provider. We show that, in contrast to these approaches, by accounting for future uncertainty, substantial cost savings can be obtained while a fewer number of referrals are rejected. We also find that well‐performing policies assign patients to HPs operating within a small set of adjacent regions while considering the number of periods that a patient requires care for. Otherwise, HP workload may not be appropriately balanced over the long‐term even if travel time is minimized.
Credit market imperfection and goods market deregulation in OLG model
Authors: Miyake Atsushi , Muro Kazunobu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study the effects of financial development and product market competition on the macroeconomic dynamics in an overlapping generations model with credit market imperfections and monopolistic competition. In general, financial development is regarded as one of the key engines for economic growth. Financial market deregulation facilitates financing for entrepreneurs and has a positive effect on business growth. In fact, the effects of financial liberalization are different between developing and developed countries. We develop a model in which financial development brings about the regime shift endogenously. We show that financial liberalization at an early stage of economic development is harmful for economic growth. Instead, financial liberalization should be conducted after the take‐off of the economy. The sequence of carrying out several market deregulation policies is important. We insist that the government should deregulate the goods market before financial market liberalization.
Perioperative antibiotic stewardship in the organ transplant setting
Authors: Graziano Elena , Peghin Maddalena , Grossi Paolo Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSolid organ transplant (SOT) recipients can benefit from traditional antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities directed to improve judicious perioperative prescribing and management, but evidence is lacking. The aim of this expert opinion review is to provide an update on the current landscape of application of AMS practices for optimization of perioperative prophylaxis (PP).MethodsWe reviewed the available literature on early postoperative infectious complications in SOT and PP management, on modified perioperative approaches in case of infection or colonization in recipients and donors and on AMS in transplantation PP.ResultsSOT recipients are at high risk for early postoperative infectious complications due to the complexity of surgical procedures, severity of end stage organ disease, net state of immunosuppression in the posttransplant period and to the high risk for multidrug resistant organism. Moreover, SOT may be exposed to preservation fluid infections and expected or unexpected donor‐derived infections. We summarize main factors to take into account when prescribing transplant PP.ConclusionCreating personalized PP to avoid unwanted consequences of antimicrobials while improving outcomes is an emerging and critical aspect in SOT setting. Further studies are needed to offer best PP tailored to SOT type and to evaluate interventions efficacy and safety.
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