bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who does HRM and how?
Authors: Wilkinson Adrian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Who does HRM and how?’ identifies who does Human Resource Management (HRM) and how. The practice of HRM is not something that resides solely in the hands of those who design HRM policies, namely senior managers and HR staff/departments. Whatever policies are designed by those at the top, others further down the ranks must implement them, even where there is an HR department to provide support and advice. Indeed, line managers implement HRM and the lived experience of HRM for most staff is provided by their line managers. It is also important to consider the gap between intended, actual, and perceived HR practices and not simply assume they are the same.
Managing performance and rewards
Authors: Wilkinson Adrian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Managing payment and rewards’ focuses on reward management and performance, which is a key component of Human Resource Management (HRM). Increasingly, pay and reward are now seen as key levers to elicit effort and performance, and it is not simply the amount of money but how that money is paid that is important. This perspective is the so-called ‘new pay’ approach. The New Pay model uses reward to link business strategy and the behaviours required to achieve it. Then there are the issues of performance evaluation; executive pay and associated packages such as bonuses and stock options; and the gender pay gap which relate to this topic.
The effect of seed-dispersal timing on seedling recruitment is modulated by environmental conditions that vary across altitude in a threatened palm
Authors: de Souza Aline C , Donohue Kathleen , de Mattos Eduardo A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
The timing of seed dispersal determines the environmental conditions that plants face during early life stages. In seasonal environments, selection is expected to favour dispersal timing that is matched to environmental conditions suitable for successful recruitment. Our aim here was to test whether the timing of seed dispersal influences seedling establishment success in two populations of Euterpe edulis that are located at contrasting altitudes, have different seed-dispersal phenologies and are subjected to distinct climatic conditions.

Methods
We sowed E. edulis seeds in contrasting altitudes on different dates, and monitored seed germination, emergence and seedling establishment at each altitude over 4 years. At the high-altitude site, five seed-dispersal cohorts were established during the natural dispersal period. At the low-altitude site, three seed-dispersal cohorts were established during natural dispersal, and two were established either before or after natural dispersal.

Key Results
At the high-altitude site, seed-dispersal timing did not affect seed germination, seedling emergence or seedling establishment success. In contrast, at the low-altitude site, late seed dispersal near the end of the wet season resulted in a lower probability of seedling establishment, possibly due to the exposure of seeds, germinants and seedlings to unfavourable drought conditions. In addition, at the low-altitude site, the natural seed-dispersal period was poorly matched to favourable environmental conditions for seedling establishment.

Conclusions
The greater effect of seed-dispersal timing on seedling establishment at the low-altitude site is probably related to a more seasonal and drought-prone environment that favours a restricted period of seed dispersal. The magnitude of the effect of dispersal timing on seedling establishment success was modulated by environmental conditions that vary across altitude. Furthermore, reproductive phenology appears to be subject to more intense selection at the lower limit of the altitudinal range, due to a more restrictive window of opportunity for successful seedling establishment.
Survival and growth of a high-mountain daisy transplanted outside its local range, and implications for climate-induced distribution shifts
Authors: Sumner Emma E , Morgan John W , Venn Susanna E , Camac James S 
Published: March 2022

AbstractField transplant experiments can improve our understanding of the effects of climate on distributions of plants versus a milieu of biotic factors which may be mediated by climate. We use a transplant experiment to test how survival and growth of a mountain-top daisy (Podolepis robusta), when planted within and outside its current local range, varies as a function of individual plant size, elevation, aspect and the presence of other vegetation. We expected a home-site advantage for the species, with highest survival and growth within the species’ current elevational limits, and a decline in vital rates above (due to physiological limitations) and below (due to competition with near-neighbours) these limits. Transplant survival during the beginning of the census was high (89 %), though by the third growing season, 36 % of initial transplants were remaining. Elevation had a significant negative effect on individual mortality rates; plants growing at higher elevations had a lower estimated hazard rate and thus, higher survival relative to those planted at elevations below the current lower limit of the distribution. By contrast, we detected no significant effect of elevation on growth rates. Small vegetation gaps had no effect on growth rates, though we found a negative, but non-significant, effect on mortality rates. Aspect had a very strong impact on growth. Plants transplanted to cool aspects had a significantly lower growth rate relative to transplants growing on a warm aspect. Conversely, aspect was not a significant predictor of individual mortality rates. Restrictions on the local distribution of P. robusta appear to be governed by mortality drivers at lower elevation and by growth drivers associated with aspect. We highlight that our ability to understand the drivers of distributions in current and future climates will be limited if contextual- and individual-level plant responses remain understudied.
RegScaf: a regression approach to scaffolding
Authors: Li Mengtian , Li Lei M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Crucial to the correctness of a genome assembly is the accuracy of the underlying scaffolds that specify the orders and orientations of contigs together with the gap distances between contigs. The current methods construct scaffolds based on the alignments of ‘linking’ reads against contigs. We found that some ‘optimal’ alignments are mistaken due to factors such as the contig boundary effect, particularly in the presence of repeats. Occasionally, the incorrect alignments can even overwhelm the correct ones. The detection of the incorrect linking information is challenging in any existing methods.

Results
In this study, we present a novel scaffolding method RegScaf. It first examines the distribution of distances between contigs from read alignment by the kernel density. When multiple modes are shown in a density, orientation-supported links are grouped into clusters, each of which defines a linking distance corresponding to a mode. The linear model parameterizes contigs by their positions on the genome; then each linking distance between a pair of contigs is taken as an observation on the difference of their positions. The parameters are estimated by minimizing a global loss function, which is a version of trimmed sum of squares. The least trimmed squares estimate has such a high breakdown value that it can automatically remove the mistaken linking distances. The results on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate that RegScaf outperforms some popular scaffolders, especially in the accuracy of gap estimates by substantially reducing extremely abnormal errors. Its strength in resolving repeat regions is exemplified by a real case. Its adaptability to large genomes and TGS long reads is validated as well.

Availability and implementation
RegScaf is publicly available at https://github.com/lemontealala/RegScaf.git.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Wetland fishes avoid a carbon dioxide deterrent deployed in the field
Authors: Bzonek P A , Mandrak N E 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Biological invasions are poorly controlled and contribute to the loss of ecosystem services and function. Altered watershed connectivity contributes to aquatic invasions, but such hydrologic connections have become important for human transport. Carbon dioxide (CO2) deterrents have been proposed to control the range expansion of invasive fishes, particularly through altered hydrologic connections, without impeding human transport. However, the effectiveness of CO2 deterrents needs to be further evaluated in the field, where fishes are situated in their natural environment and logistical challenges are present.
We deployed a proof-of-concept CO2 deterrent within a trap-and-sort fishway in Cootes Paradise, Ontario, Canada, to determine the avoidance responses of fishes attempting to disperse into a wetland. We aimed to describe deterrent efficiency for our target species, common carp, and for native fishes dispersing into the wetland. Our inexpensive inline CO2 deterrent was deployed quickly and rapidly produced a CO2 plume of 60 mg/l. Over 2000 fishes, representing 13 species, were captured between 23 May and 8 July 2019. A generalized linear model determined that the catch rates of our target species, common carp (n = 1662), decreased significantly during deterrent activation, with catch rates falling from 2.56 to 0.26 individuals per hour. Aggregated catch rates for low-abundance species (n &lt; 150 individuals per species) also decreased, while catch rates for non-target brown bullhead (n = 294) increased. Species did not express a phylogenetic signal in avoidance responses. These results indicate that CO2 deterrents produce a robust common carp avoidance response in the field. This pilot study deployed an inexpensive and rapidly operating deterrent, but to be a reliable management tool, permanent deterrents would need to produce a more concentrated CO2 plume with greater infrastructural support.
RNF207 exacerbates pathological cardiac hypertrophy via post-translational modification of TAB1
Authors: Yuan Lin , Bu Shichen , Du Meng , Wang Yilong , Ju Chenhui , Huang Dandan , Xu Wenjing , Tan Xin , Liang Minglu , Deng Shan , Yang Liu , Huang Kai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsThe heart undergoes pathological remodelling, featured by the hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes and increased cardiac fibrosis, under biomechanical stress such as haemodynamic overload. Ring Finger Protein 207 (RNF207) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is predominantly expressed in the heart, but its function remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of RNF207 in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction.Methods and resultsTransverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed on mice to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac function and remodelling were evaluated by echocardiography, histological assessment, and molecular analyses. Our data indicated that RNF207 overexpression (OE) exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and systolic dysfunction. In contrast, TAC-induced cardiac remodelling was profoundly blunted in RNF207 knockdown (KD) hearts. In line with the in vivo findings, RNF207 OE augmented, whereas RNF207 KD alleviated, phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that RNF207 elicited detrimental effects by promoting K63-linked ubiquitination of TAK1-binding protein 1 (TAB1), which triggered the autophosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and the activation of downstream p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 signalling pathways. In the TAB1-KD cardiomyocytes, RNF207-OE-induced cell hypertrophy was significantly attenuated, indicating that RNF207-induced hypertrophy is, at least in part, TAB1-dependent.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that RNF207 exacerbates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction via post-translational modification of TAB1.
Cannulation strategies for acute type A dissection—role of central cannulation
Authors: Ramaprabhu Krithika , Saran Nishant , Dearani Joseph , Lahr Brian , Schaff Hartzell , Greason Kevin , Yalamuri Suraj , Mangukia Chirantan , Stulak John , Bagameri Gabor , Crestanello Juan , Pochettino Alberto 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of direct cannulation of the ascending aorta in comparison with cannulating peripheral arteries.

METHODS
We retrospectively analysed type A dissection patients [n = 107; median (interquartile range [IQR]) age, 64 [53–73] years] from January 2008 to March 2018. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: direct ascending aorta cannulation (group A, n = 47; median [IQR] age, 69 [54–74] years; 34% female) and non-aortic cannulation (group B, n = 60; median [IQR] age, 62 [52–72] years; 20% female). Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival were compared.

RESULTS
Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the 2 groups, except for higher creatinine in group B (median 0.9 vs 1.1, P = 0.028) and higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia in group A (58.7% vs 38.3%, P = 0.037). Overall early mortality was 12.1% (n = 13); 12.8% (n = 6) in group A and 11.7% (n = 7) in group B (P = 0.863). The incidence of stroke was 10.6% (n = 5) in group A and 6.7% (n = 4) in group B (P = 0.463). After adjusting for CPB and circulatory arrest times, there was no group difference in the length of ICU (P = 0.257) or hospital stay (P = 0.118), all-cause reoperation (P = 0.709), peak postoperative creatinine (P = 0.426) and lactate values (n = 60; P = 0.862). Overall survival at 1, 3 and 5 years was 84%, 78% and 73%, respectively, with no difference between the 2 groups after adjustment (P = 0.629).

CONCLUSIONS
Direct cannulation of the ascending aorta is a safe cannulation strategy for type A dissection repair, offering the opportunity for rapid arterial cannulation and antegrade perfusion.
Matched comparison of 3 cerebral perfusion strategies in open zone-0 anastomosis for acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Montagner Matteo , Kofler Markus , Pitts Leonard , Heck Roland , Buz Semih , Kurz Stephan , Falk Volkmar , Kempfert Jörg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The present study aims to investigate outcomes after the surgical treatment of acute type A aortic dissection in regard to three available selective cerebral perfusion strategies.

METHODS
From 2000 to 2019, patients were selected based on the employment of either retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP), unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (uACP) or bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (bACP) during open zone-0 anastomosis. Propensity score TriMatch analysis considering several preoperative and intraoperative variables was used to identify well-balanced triplets. The primary end point of the study was a new cerebral operation-related neurologic deficit.

RESULTS
Operative times (operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, reperfusion time) were significantly longer in the RCP group, in which deeper hypothermia was applied (27.5 [24–28], 28 [26–28] and 16 [16–17]°C for uACP, bACP and RCP, respectively, P-value &lt;0.001). The RCP group showed higher red blood cell concentrates and fresh frozen plasma transfusion rates. No significant difference of new cerebral operation-related neurologic deficit was observed between the 3 groups (12.9% vs 12.9% vs 11.3% for RCP, uACP and bACP, P-value = 0.86). In addition, 30-day mortality showed similar distribution independently of the cerebral perfusion strategy adopted (17.7% vs 14.5% vs 17.7% for RCP, uACP and bACP, P-value = 0.86).

CONCLUSIONS
However, based on a small sample size, the comparison showed no relevant differences in terms of neurologic outcome and 30-day mortality, confirming RCP, uACP and bACP as safe and reproducible selective cerebral perfusion strategies in surgery for acute type A aortic dissection.
Surgical treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in relatively elderly patients: Short- and long-term outcomes
Authors: Lapenna Elisabetta , Nisi Teodora , Carino Davide , Del Forno Benedetto , Ruggeri Stefania , Schiavi Davide , Meneghin Roberta , Macrì Demartino Roberto , Castiglioni Alessandro , Maisano Francesco , Alfieri Ottavio , De Bonis Michele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to assess the short- and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in patients ≥65 years of age compared to patients &lt; 65 years of age.

METHODS
Sixty-four patients aged ≥65 years, surgically treated for symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, were compared to a control group of 125 patients &lt;65 years.

RESULTS
Patients aged ≥65 years were less frequently male (36% vs 68%, P &lt; 0.001) and had higher EuroSCORE II scores [1.4 (1.1–2.2) vs 0.8 (0.7–1.2), P &lt; 0.001], lower risk of sudden death, higher pulmonary artery pressure [40 (30–50) vs 30 (30–43), P = 0.04) and more mitral annulus calcifications (44% vs 14%, P &lt; 0.001) compared to younger patients.
Hospital death was 1%, with no difference between the 2 groups (1.5% vs 0.8%, P = 0.9).
Patients aged ≥65 years had more concomitant coronary bypass grafting (12% vs 5%, P = 0.05) and a higher incidence of blood transfusions (50% vs 17%, P &lt; 0.001) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (19% vs 8%, P = 0.02).
Follow-up was 98% complete [median 8.3 (5.3–12.8) years]. The 13-year survival in the group aged ≥65 was 54 (SD: 9) % vs 83 (SD: 5) % in the control group (P &lt; 0.001), but it was comparable to that expected in the age-sex matched general national population.
At 13 years, the cumulative incidence function of cardiac death in the elderly group was 19 (SD: 7)%, mostly unrelated to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causes.
At the last follow-up, 90% of patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I-II and 68% were in sinus rhythm.

CONCLUSIONS
Selected elderly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy can benefit from surgery, with low hospital mortality and morbidity, relief of symptoms and late survival comparable to that expected in the age-sex matched general population.
The European Heart Journal: fulfilling the mission
Authors: Crea Filippo , Badimon Lina , Berry Colin , De Caterina Raffaele , Elliott Perry M , Hatala Robert , Libby Peter , Linde Cecilia , Tybjaerg-Hansen Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In September 2020, the new Editors of the European Heart Journal (EHJ) wrote the following in their inaugural editorial: “The fundamental mission of the Journal remains the reduction of the global burden of cardiovascular disease. We aspire to advance this aim by worldwide teamwork to communicate practice-changing research, inspire clinical cardiologists, and pursue rigour and transparency in the application of science at the service of human health. The Journal will strive to lead the field in its impact, influence, and reach”. After more than one year of experience the Editors hope the cardiological community will agree that they are fulfilling this mission. As stewards of the EHJ, the Editor's primary goal is not solely to achieve a high Impact Factor (which attests to the scientific quality and influence of our publications) but also to elevate the practice of cardiovascular medicine worldwide. Accordingly, various initiatives of the EHJ strive to strengthen further links among Editors, Authors, Reviewers and Readers through a series of coordinated and diverse activities, including webinars, active social media presence, and active participation at congresses worldwide. The Editors are proud to serve one of the most important scientific journals in cardiovascular medicine.
Healthcare professionals’ families’ perception of life during COVID-19 in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Mohammadi Fateme , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Oshvandi Khodayar , Borzou Seyed Reza , Khodaveisi Masoud , Bashirian Saeid , Bijani Mostafa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe families of healthcare professionals are one of the most vulnerable groups whose lives have been severely damaged by the COVID-19 pandemic. So far, the experiences and perceptions of these individuals have not been explored. The present study aims to investigate the experiences and perceptions of the family members of the healthcare professionals during COVID-19.MethodsThe present study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological design. The participants were 25 family members of healthcare professionals which were selected from the medical centres in Iran via purposeful sampling from August 2021 to October 2021. The sampling was kept on until the data became saturated. To collect data, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted online. The Colaizzi approach was used to analyse the data collected.ResultsThe findings of the study emerged as two main themes: psychological tension with five categories (indescribable fear and worry, longing to see their loved ones, patient stone, bitter farewell, fear of the future) and dignity with four categories (acclamation, appreciation, feeling proud, spiritual growth).ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the family members of healthcare professionals have experienced dignity combined with the degrees of psychological tension which were beyond the experiences of the majority of people in the society, but similar to the psychological tension experienced by the families of COVID-19 victims. The families of healthcare workers are continuously anxious about the safety of their loved ones who are responsible to obtain the treatment of COVID-19 patients, which potentially jeopardizes their physical and psychological well-being. Therefore, the appreciation and support of people in the community of the family members of healthcare professionals have increased their tolerance. Healthcare providers can successfully promote the health of healthcare professionals’ families by providing comprehensive assistance to healthcare personnel and their families.
Conjugative transfer of naturally occurring plasmid in Mycolicibacterium sp
Authors: Morgado Sergio , Vicente Ana Carolina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Conjugation is considered the main horizontal gene transfer mechanism in bacterial adaptation and evolution. In the Mycobacteriaceae family, Mycolicibacterium smegmatis has been used as the model organism for the conjugative transfer of hybrid plasmids. However, the natural conjugation process in any bacteria would involve the transfer of naturally occurring plasmids. Currently, there is a gap in this regard about this abundant environmental genus of Mycobacteriaceae. Here, we performed conjugation experiments between wild Mycolicibacterium sp. strains involving naturally occurring plasmids, and interestingly, evidence of conjugative transfer was obtained. Thus, it is likely that conjugation occurs in Mycolicibacterium in the natural environment, representing a source of diversification and evolution in this genus of bacteria.