bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatomegaly Diagnosis by Measuring the Liver Dimensions and Volume using Computed Tomography
Authors: Ahmad Muntaser S. , Alkhatib Sanaa G. , Mohammad Hjouj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The importance of the study is in using computed tomography (CT) to measure the size and dimensions of the liver as well as in its discovery of a mathematical technique to attain and increase the accuracy in the calculation of liver’s size and dimensions. The study was based on 603 individuals who underwent an abdominal CT scan in Hebron-Palestine. The IntelliSpase Portal 9 (Philips) was used to measure the liver’s six dimensions, including transverse, vertical, and anteroposterior dimensions of the right and left lobes. Mathematical equations based on the liver shape were used to calculate the size of the liver. Ultimately, a comparison of the developed and standard formulae’ for the diagnosis of hepatomegaly was carried out. Based on these findings, four hepatic forms were identified and calculations were conducted. The results showed that the Area under Curve (AUC) in the total sample was 0.92, and for the I-IV liver types was 0.87–0.93. The specificity of diagnosing hepatomegaly calculated using general formula was 87%, which practically does not differ from the values of this indicator with a differentiated approach: Type I − 91%, Type II- 84%, Type III- 86%, and Type IV- 90%. In conclusion, the standard formula for determining liver can be utilized in clinical practice: V = (HRL + TRL)3/21, (V – volume, HRL – high of right lobe, TRL – thickness of right lobe).
Recommendations for breastfeeding promotion based on adolescent mothers’ perceptions: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Afriyie Vera Fordjour , Steenkamp Liana , Williams Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding improves both infant and maternal health. Studies suggest that adolescent mothers do appreciate the benefits of breastfeeding. However, they feel embarrassed about breastfeeding and prefer to avoid the potential associated physical and mental pain that can accompany feeding their baby.
Methods: This study utilized a qualitative research approach with one-to-one interviews from a purposive sample of 14 adolescent mothers. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim before content analysis was done using ATLAS.ti.
Results: The results comprised of three main themes: participants described the intricacies of breastfeeding, shared challenges experienced during breastfeeding, and suggested support for adolescent mothers.
Conclusion: The findings revealed that adolescent mothers need sufficient age-appropriate education and support to assist them to breastfeed successfully. Breastfeeding promotion targeting maternal mothers, grandmothers and fathers at primary health care (PHC) facilities would also be beneficial in improving their knowledge about recommended infant feeding practices and consequently aid in providing appropriate support and advice to adolescent mothers.
Geographies of Fuel Dispensing: Locational Analysis and Conformity of Petrol Filling Stations (PFS) to Planning Standards in Ota, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunkan David Victor 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Following the observation of the indiscriminate location of petrol filling stations, this study analyzes the location pattern and conformity of the PFS to planning standards in Ota, Ogun State. A survey of petrol filling stations in Ota was conducted to achieve the twin purposes of taking inventory and documenting their geographic coordinates. A nearest neighbour analysis was used to compute the nearest neighbor index (NNI), the Z-score, and the probability (p) value in order to determine the pattern of the distributions. Buffer and proximity analysis was done in Arcmap to analyze the conformity of PFS to the planning standard. The findings revealed that there are 50 PFS located along the 15 roads in the study area, of which 72% are owned by independent marketers, 18% are owned by major marketers, and 10% are owned by the NNPC. The spatial analysis of petrol filing stations indicates that PFS were more concentrated on the major roads, in the transitional residential zones, and in the Central Business Districts (CBD). With a nearest neighbor index (Rn) value of 0.405547 (less than 1), a Z-value of -10.171697 (less than − 1.96), and a p value of 0.00000, the distributional pattern of PFS revealed that the pattern was clustering. The study finds only 16% complied with the 400-meter distance to the next filling station; more than two-thirds (78%) of the petrol filling stations did not meet the 15-meter setback requirement; and only 10% met the 50-meter distance requirement to residential buildings. Among other recommendations, the study suggests the need for more proactiveness and effectiveness from the regulatory agencies.
Significance of centromere protein genes and their associated immune and metabolic differences in the prediction of prognosis and treatment outcome in breast cancer
Authors: Yang Qianlu , Yan Jie , Liu Dequan , Li Na , Li Chenxi , Luo Lin , Li Shaojun , Chen Wenlin , Yang Qianxi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Genes of the centromere protein (CENP) are involved in the kinetochore assembly during mitosis. The expression of some CENPgenes has been associated with various carcinogenesis and development. However, it is unclear whether abnormal expression of CENP genes as a unit affects the clinical outcome, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy of breast cancer (BRCA) patients.
Methods: We systematically evaluated CENP genes and comprehensively determined the correlation between high and low expression and prognosis, staging, malignant phenotype, and drug sensitivity of BRCA. The correlation between CENP genes and immune cell infiltration was comprehensively determined. Further screening for immune- and metabolic-related hub genes was used to quantify subtypes of patients. Then, we evaluated their value in prognosis prediction and treatment response to BRCA. The correlation between CENP genes and drug resistance was also determined by sequencing the tissues of patients. Single-cell sequencing to further analyze CENP genes expression in metastatic cancer.
Results: The CENP genes were significantly differentially expressed in BRCA compared to para-cancer. Highly expressed CENP genes had a poor prognosis, late stage, and a high proportion of malignant phenotypes. We identified high and low CENPclusters and observed that high expression was associated with poor prognosis, high immune escape, and reduced drug sensitivity in patients. Afterward, we screened immune- and metabolic-related hub genes and predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients based on them. Furthermore, CENP genes were elevated in drug-resistant breast cancer tissues and metastatic breast cancer tissues.
Conclusion: Collectively, we determined the prognostic impact of the CENP genes on BRCA patients. Furthermore, by further screening the hub genes to subgroup breast cancer patients to predict prognosis and to be able to explore more effective treatment strategies based on the expression of CENP genes.
Association between vitamin B12 and pregnancy outcomes with the follicular-phase GnRH agonist protocol: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Fu Kui , Zhang Ying , Diao Honglu , Jiang Shengfang , Zhang Changjun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Vitamin B12 takes essential effects on human reproductive system. The impact of Vitamin B12 on the outcome of assisted reproduction technology (ART) still remains elusive. This study was aimed to investigate whether vitamin B12levels is associated with the outcomes of IVF-ET.
Methods
A retrospective study was carried out in an assisted reproduction unit in a Chinese teaching hospital, from November 2018 to December 2019. A total of 356 infertile women, aged 20–45 years, were included. The patients were classified by vitamin B12 status: deficient (B12< 298 pg/ml) and normal (298-350 pg/ml), sufficient (B12 > 350 pg/ml). Linear regression and smooth curve fitting were performed to analyze the association between Vitamin B12 and the outcomes of IVF-ET.
Result(s)
We found a nonlinear relationship and threshold effect between serum vitamin B12 and the outcomes of IVF-ET, after adjusting for various potential confounding factors. When the vitamin B12 value is lower than 357.1 pg/ml, the vitamin B12 is significantly positively related to the clinical pregnancy outcomes, each 10 pg/ml increase in the vitamin B12 value, the clinical pregnancy rate increased by 4% (OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.00, 1.09, P=0.0337), When the vitamin B12 value is greater than 357.1 pg/ml, the vitamin B12 is not significantly related to the clinical pregnancy outcomes (P>0.0337).
Conclusion(s)
Lower serum vitamin B12 levels are associated with a lower clinical pregnancy rate in IVF, for the normal and deficient vitamin B12 Chinese infertile women who undergo IVF-ET with the follicular-phase GnRH agonist protocol.
Synthesis, X-ray crystallography, spectroscopic characterization, electronic structure investigation and molecular docking studies of single Cobalt (II) metal complex against
Authors: Gannouni Afef , Louis Hitler , Roisnel Thierry , Ekereke Ernest E. , Charlie Destiny E. , Ukwenya Elizabeth , Kefi Riadh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Abstract
The present work undertakes the study of novel hybrid compound, which have been obtained due to the interaction of organic and inorganic entities with cobalt transition metal. The novel solid-state complex (2-ethylpiperaziniumtetrachlorocobaltate(II)) was synthesized and characterized using several physic-chemical techniques, such as single crystal X-Ray diffraction analysis, spectroscopic measurements, intra and intermolecular studies and DFT calculation, thermal and biological properties. It crystallizes in orthorhombic system with space group Pbca. The atomic arrangement of (C6H16N2)[CoCl4] can be described as an alternation of organic and inorganic layers along the b and c axis, which are interconnected by hydrogen bonds. Hirshfeld surface, topological-In-moleculs (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) were conducted to investigate intermolecular interactions. The reduced density gradient (RDG) was used to study non-covalent interactions. In this study present the crystal structure studies, characterization, electronic properties investigation, and the in-silico biological activities of (C6H16N2)[CoCl4] hybrid material against 6PXZ, 6RK2 and 6Y8Q bacterial receptor proteins. The electronic structural properties were elucidated within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) computations at the PBE0-D3/gen/6-311++G (d, p)/LanL2DZ level of theory and the associated results were compared with experimental data to investigate the antioxidant properties of single Cobalt (II) metal complex. The interaction between the ligand and the receptor proteins has the following binding affinities: 5 kcal.mol-1, -6 kcal.mol-1 and -5 kcal.mol-1 for 2EPCO_6PXZ, 2EPCO_6RK2 and 2EPCO_6Y8Q protein-complex interactions, respectively. However, the commercial drug when bind with the selected protein had lower docking scores: cycloserine_6PXZ, cycloserine_6RK2 and cycloserine_6Y8Q with respective binding affinity values of -4.0 kcal.mol-1, -4 kcal.mol-1 and -1 kcal.mol-1. Finally, thermal analysis techniques (ATD/TG) were carried out to account for the thermal decomposition of complex.
Pilot Investigation of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Intracranial Aneurysms and the Associated Inflammation
Authors: Wang Long , Li Heju , Shi Xiangen , Huo Lirong , Qi Xueling , Liu Fangjun , Sun Yuming , Qian Hai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background This research explores whether pathogenic microorganisms are present in the intracranial aneurysmal wall and whether they are involved in the chronic inflammation associated with aneurysms. Methods Multiple tests were performed on the specimens; aneurysms were assessed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH), and correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM). Subsequently, the correlation between the levels of pathogenic microorganisms and inflammation-related indicators (CD14, TLR-2, TLR-4 and CD68) was verified according to the microbial testing results. The revised average optical density (rAOD) method was applied for semiquantitative analysis of immunohistochemical images. Results The presence of bacteria in the aneurysmal walls was revealed by immunohistochemical detection of the bacterial-specific endotoxins lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). A positive reaction for LPS occurred in 70.6% of the 51 specimens, and a positive reaction for LTA occurred in 52.9%. The rAOD based on IHC showed that CD14 expression was significantly greater in LPS-positive aneurysm specimens than in LPS-negative aneurysm specimens (P = 0.0003 < 0.05), while CD68 expression was not significantly different between LPS-positive and LPS-negative aneurysmatic specimens (P = 0.513 > 0.05). LPS expression was positively correlated with CD14 expression, r = 0.4405, P = 0.0354 < 0.05. The presence of bacteria in intracranial aneurysms was confirmed by FISH and CLEM. Conclusions The existence of bacteria in the intracranial aneurysm wall was demonstrated with immunohistochemical detection of bacterial-specific endotoxins, LPS and LTA, and further verified through FISH and CLEM observations.
Demographic and socio-economic factors affecting bed net ownership, usage, and malaria transmission among adult patients seeking healthcare in two Ghanaian urban cities
Authors: Paintsil Ellis Kobina , Boadi Enoch , Dwamena Anthony , Addo Bless Hayford , Kumi Agyei , Ofori Linda Aurelia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The most cost-effective malaria prevention and control strategy is the use of a bed net. However, several factors affect the ownership and usage of bed nets among the adult population. Hence, this study aimed to examine socio-demographic factors affecting bed net ownership, usage and malaria transmission among adult patients seeking healthcare in two Ghanaian urban cities. Structured questionnaires were administered to a total of 550 participants to ascertain their ownership and usage of the bed nets. Afterwards, finger prick blood samples were collected for malaria microscopy. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% CIs were calculated, using Poisson regression with robust standard errors, to show associated variables in bivariate and multivariate analyses respectively. About 53.3% (n = 293) of participants owned a bed net but only 21.5% (n = 118) slept under it the previous night. Those married were 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7–2.5) and 2.4 (95% CI: 1.6–3.5) times more likely to own and use a bed net respectively than those never married. Also, pregnant women were 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1–1.6) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.3–2.5) times more likely to own and use a bed net respectively than non-pregnant. Even though income levels were not associated with bed net ownership and usage, students were 0.4 (95% CI: 0.2–0.6) and 0.2 (95% CI: 0.1–0.5) times less likely to own and use bed net respectively compared to formally employed persons. The overall malaria prevalence rate was 7.8%. Malaria-negative patients were 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2–2.0) and 2.4 (95% CI: 1.4–4.1) times more likely to own and use bed nets respectively than malaria positive. Patients with tertiary education recorded the lowest malaria prevalence (3.5%, n = 4). None of those with a monthly income >$300 recorded a case of malaria. On the contrary, majority 83%, n/N = 25/30) of the malaria-positive patients earned ≤ $150. Hence, in designing malaria control programmes for the urban adult populations, income, occupation, educational and marital status should be considered in order to improve bed net usage and decrease malaria prevalence.
Transcriptome analysis of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) gills in response to ammonia stress
Authors: Wang Zhengfei , wang yue , Guan Yayun , Zhai Yaotong , Wu Ya , Zhou Ying , Hu Jinghao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) are an important aquatic economic species in Chinese. E. sinensis is a common farmed species in rice crab symbiosis which is an important ecological farming model. However, E. sinensis will be exposed to high ammonia environment due to the application of nitrogen fertilizers which are essential to rice growth. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of E. sinensis exposed to high ammonia through histopathological evaluation and transcriptomic analyses.
Methods and Results
We assigned E. sinensis into two groups randomly (control group, CG; ammonia stress group, AG), and gill samples were respectively extracted from CG and AG for histopathological evaluation and transcriptome analysis. Histopathological evaluation revealed that ammonia stress caused damage to the gills of E. sinensis. Transcriptome analysis showed that some essential genes (Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCHL3), O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT), Cathepsin B (CTSB) and Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 W (UBE2W)) which are related to ammonia detoxification, immune response and apoptosis altered significantly.
Conclusions
The study demonstrated the molecular response mechanism of E. sinensis in response to ammonia stress, provided wider slight for further study in the molecular mechanism of ammonia stress in crustaceans and supplied technical support for rice crab symbiosis.
Hydrogen in natural diamond: Comparison of SIMS and FTIR data
Authors: Kaminsky Felix V. , Ber Boris Ya. , Kazantsev Dmitry Yu. , Khachatryan Galina K. , Shilobreeva Svetlana N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A set of natural diamonds, representing the main types of physical classification (IaA, IaAB, IaB and IIa), was studied with the utilisation of FTIR and SIMS with the implantation of hydrogen into a standard sample. The volumetric concentrations of hydrogen in the studied diamonds are between 5-24 at.ppm. According to their FTIR spectra, the diamonds form two groups: low-hydrogen (0.07‒1.33 cm-1 arbitrary units) and hydrogen-rich (8.4‒15.2 cm-1 arbitrary units) diamonds. The volumetric concentrations of hydrogen, established with the use of SIMS correspond to the FTIR data: low-hydrogen diamonds have 5‒11 at.ppm of hydrogen, and hydrogen-rich diamonds have 13-24 at.ppm of hydrogen. There is a correlation between SIMS and FTIR determinations of hydrogen concentrations in diamonds. Each group is characterised by its trend. The correlation between volumetric hydrogen concentration and FTIR characteristics for low-hydrogen diamonds is expressed by the equations: [H]at.ppm = 10.71*[H]IR + 3.79 and for high-hydrogen diamonds and [H]at.ppm = 1.57*[H]IR-0.3. Our observations confirm bonding hydrogen with nitrogen in H-rich diamonds. Another structure may be suggested for the hydrogen impurity in low-H diamonds. It is also possible that the instrumentally determined hydrogen concentrations in diamond reflect IR-active and other hydrogen centres.
Extubation failure after cardiac surgery in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Salgado Fernanda , Valderrama Paulo , Larios Guillermo , Valenzuela Gonzalo , Valle Patricio , Amstein Rodolfo , Erazo Paulo Valderrama 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives:
Extubation failure (EF) after cardiac surgery is associated with poorer outcomes. Approximately 50% of children with Down syndrome (DS) have congenital heart disease. Our primary aim was to describe the frequency of EF and identify risk factors for its occurrence in a population of patients with DS after cardiac surgery. Secondary aims were to describe complications, length of hospital stay and mortality rates.
Methods
A retrospective case control study, in a national reference congenital heart disease repair center of Chile. Include all infants 0–12 months old with DS who were admitted to pediatric intensive care unit after cardiac surgery between January 2010 and November 2020. Patients with EF (cases) were matched 1:1 with children who did not fail their extubation (controls) using the following criteria: age at surgery, sex and type of congenital heart disease.
Results
Overall, 27/226 (11,3%) failed their first extubation. In the first analysis, before matching of cases and controls was made, we found association between EF and younger age (3.8 months vs 5 months; p = 0.003) and presence of coarctation of the aorta (p = 0.005). In the case-control univariate analysis, we found association between an increased cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) (p = 0.03; OR 5 (95% CI 1.6–16.7) for a CTR > 0.59) and marked hypotonia (27% vs 0%; p = 0.01) with the risk of EF. No differences were found in ventilatory management.
Conclusions
EF is associated with younger age, presence of aortic coarctation, rising in CTR and hypotonia. Recognition of these factors may be helpful when planning extubation for these patients.
Identification of a novel glycolysis-related prognostic signature for predicting prognosis and tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dong Baiqiang , Zhu Xuan , Li Kai , Chen Ming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Glycolysis affects tumor growth, invasion, treatment resistance, and the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we aimed to construct a glycolysis-related prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and analyze its relationship with the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods: We analyzed the data of a training set from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and four validation cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases which included 1,689 patients with LUAD. The genetic and transcriptional alterations of glycolysis-related genes (GRGs) were investigated, and evaluated their prognostic value in LUAD patients. The glycolysis-related patterns were identified using consensus unsupervised clustering analysis. A glycolysis-related prognostic signature was then established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression analysis. Gene set variation, clinical relevance, and TME analyses were conducted to explain the biological functions of glycolysis regulators and their performance in prognostic prediction.
Results: The glycolysis-related patterns were identified based on 18 GRGs, with significant differences in survival between the patterns. By screening of differentially expressed genes between patterns, a novel glycolysis-related prognostic signature was final obtained, including ALDOA, FOSL2, PDE6D, PPARD, and RASAL2, with robust and accurate prognostic performance. The high-, and low risk groups, distinguished by the signature formula, presented a significant difference in overall survival, TME, and immunotherapy response in LUAD patients. The potential roles of the glycolysis-related prognostic signature were confirmed using the validation dataset.
Conclusions: This study identified five glycolysis-related prognostic genes that effectively predicted the survival of LUAD. To a certain extent, the newly identified gene signature was related to the TME, especially immune cell infiltration. These findings provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LUAD.