bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting how parents cope with their preterm infant's pain: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Brike Siran , Melnikov Semyon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study examined the relationships between parents' catastrophising about their infants' pain, parental self‐efficacy in the management of their infants' pain, perceived social support and the parental coping strategies for their infants’ pain‐related stress.BackgroundPreterm infants hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit experience painful procedures causing stress to their parents. Coping with stress may be emotion‐ or problem‐focused. Adults' coping with their own pain has been associated with pain catastrophising, pain management self‐efficacy and social support. However, little is known about the associations between parents' catastrophising, their self‐efficacy to manage, their perceived social support and their coping strategies when dealing with their infants' pain.DesignThis was a cross‐sectional, correlational study design.MethodsThe STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional studies were followed. Participants included 149 parents of preterm infants hospitalised in a neonatal intensive care unit. They completed measures to assess infant pain catastrophising, self‐efficacy regarding infant pain management, social support and emotion‐ and problem‐focused coping.ResultsPositive associations were found between parental self‐efficacy regarding infant pain management, social support, parental catastrophising about their infants' pain and problem‐focused coping. Parental catastrophising was positively associated with emotion‐focused coping. Gender moderated the relationships between parental self‐efficacy regarding infant pain management and emotion‐focused coping. Specifically, amongst mothers, the higher their level of self‐efficacy, the lower their emotion‐focused coping. Amongst fathers, the relations were reversed.ConclusionsParents coping with their preterm infants' pain were associated with catastrophising about their infants' pain, self‐efficacy regarding infant pain management and social support. Mothers had different ways to cope emotionally to that of fathers in relation to their self‐efficacy in managing their infants' pain.Relevance to clinical practiceNursing interventions that provide support to parents and promote parental self‐efficacy in managing their infants' pain may allow parents to more effectively cope with their infants' pain.Patient or Public ContributionPatients or public were not involved in setting the research question, the outcome measures and the design or implementation of the study. Parents of preterm infants answered the research questionnaires.
Determination of metabolisable and net energy contents of corn fed to Arbor Acres broilers and Beijing You chickens
Authors: Liu Xingbo , Li Lijia , Ban Zhibin , Guo Yuming , Yan Xiaogang , Yang Huaming , Nie Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study was done to compare the energy and nutrient utilisation of corn in Arbor Acres (AA) broilers and Beijing You (BJY) chickens. BJY chickens with the same age as AA broilers were named BJY1 chickens, and with the same body weight as AA broilers were named BJY2 chickens. Three groups of broilers (36 male AA broilers, 72 male BJY1 chickens, and 36 male BJY2 chickens), 2 treatments per group, 6 replicates per treatment, 3 chickens or 6 chickens per replicate. During each period, birds were fed in chambers for 11 days, including 5 days for adaptation to the feed, 3 days for excreta and gas data collection and another 3 days for fasting were recorded. Results showed that the fasting heat production (FHP) of AA, BJY1 and BJY2 chickens gradually stabilised after fasting for 72 h, the FHP of AA, BJY1 and BJY2 chickens were 486.54, 536.22 and 548.90 KJ/kg BW0.70/day respectively. AA broilers had significantly lower (p < 0.01) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of starch in corn than that of BJY1 and BJY2 chickens, whereas there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) observed in ATTD of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre. The apparent metabolisable energy (AME) values of corn in AA, BJY1 and BJY2 chickens were 16.18, 16.81, and 16.39 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) and the corresponding nitrogen‐corrected AME (AMEn) values were 15.71, 16.38 and 15.99 MJ/kg DM respectively. The net energy (NE) values of corn in AA, BJY1 and BJY2 chickens were 12.03, 12.28 and 11.97 MJ/kg DM respectively. In conclusion, BJY chickens had a higher maintenance energy requirement than that of AA broilers, and AA broilers of the same age and weight as BJY chickens showed no significant differences in AME, AMEn and NE values of corn.
Fear of COVID‐19, stress and depression: A meta‐analytic test of the mediating role of anxiety
Authors: Çıkrıkçı Özkan , Çıkrıkçı Neslihan , Griffiths Mark 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe COVID‐19 pandemic has negatively affected the lives of millions of individuals physiologically, behaviorally, socially, and/or psychologically. Moreover, there is now much empirical evidence that mental health problems have increased during the pandemic period and these problems have various consequences. The changes in the mood states of individuals due to the pandemic underpins the rationale of the present study. The aim of the study was to identify the cross‐sectional associations between fear of COVID‐19, stress, anxiety, and depression by using two stage‐meta‐analytic structural equation modeling (TS‐MASEM).DesignThis is a meta‐analytic structural equation modelling study.MethodA systematic literature review initially identified 4840 studies. As a result of applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies comprising 28 samples (reporting 120 effect sizes) were eligible for inclusion in the current TS‐MASEM (N = 16,452).ResultsThe results showed significant associations between fear of COVID‐19, stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, the mediation role of anxiety in the association between depression and fear of COVID‐19 and stress was explored.ConclusionsAlthough the results did not allow for causal inferences regarding depression, they provide insight into the possible consequences of fear of COVID‐19 and comorbid problems for clinicians and researchers.
Cosmetic Formulations with Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil for the Improvement of Photoaged Skin: A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: Hugo Infante Victor , Maria Maia Campos Patricia , Darvin Maxim , Lohan Silke , Schleusener Johannes , Schanzer Sabine , Lademann Juergen , Meinke Martina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration depth, antioxidant capacity and the clinical efficacy of Melaleuca alternifolia pure essential oil and in a nanoemulsion to prevent skin photoaging. For this, 2% of pure essential oil or 2% of this essential oil in a nanoemulsion were vehiculated in a formulation. The skin penetration was evaluated using confocal Raman microspectroscopy. The radical protection factor was evaluated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. For a clinical study, 40 male participants, aged 18–28 years, were enrolled, being divided into three groups: vehicle formulation, M. alternifolia pure essential oil and M. alternifolia Nanoemulsion. All the participants also received a sunscreen SPF 50 to use during the day. Before and after 90 days of study, skin hydrolipidics and morphological characteristics were performed by skin imaging and biophysical techniques. The nanoemulsion presented a lower antioxidant capacity and a higher penetration through the stratum corneum, reaching the viable epidermis, improving the stratum granulosum morphology. The groups presented an increase in the papillary depth, improving in the dermis echogenicity and the collagen fibers. Melaleuca alternifolia essential provides the potential to improve photoaged skin, being the application of nanoemulsion able to reach deeper skin layers.
Contemporary Concise Review 2021: COVID‐19 and other respiratory infections
Authors: Chan Ken K. P. , Hui David S. C. 
Published: June 2022

Summary of key points
Bats are likely the primary source of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2).
Minks are highly susceptible to infection by SARS‐CoV‐2.
Transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated to account for over 50% of all transmissions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) cases.
SARS‐CoV‐2 is evolving towards more efficient aerosol transmission.
Remdesivir, baricitinib, tocilizumab and dexamethasone are frequently used for the treatment of patients with respiratory failure due to COVID‐19.
There is a rising incidence of non‐tuberculous Mycobacterium pulmonary disease globally, with a higher prevalence in Asian countries than in the Western world.
Protracted bacterial bronchitis is a common cause of chronic productive cough in childhood.
Re‐emergence of respiratory syncytial virus may occur after the relaxation of infection control measures and the reopening of borders during COVID‐19 pandemic.
Literalising Metaphor in the Poetry of Robert Southwell☆
Authors: McKee Conor 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on a distinctive feature of Robert Southwell's poetic technique, namely, his approach to metaphor. I argue that a number of Southwell's metaphors have a surprisingly literal quality where their vehicles are given greater prominence than their tenors. For instance, in my reading of ‘The Burning Babe’ and ‘Christ's Bloody Sweat’, I draw attention to how the metaphor of ‘the fires of love’ comes to describe the literal burning of recusant Catholics in Elizabethan England. Here, the intense feeling figured by the tenor is actually secondary to the burning evoked by the vehicle – an inversion of the usual operation of metaphor. I connect this approach to Southwell's political context as a dissident poet, showing that our tendency to look past the vehicles of metaphors to their referents allowed him to hide political statements in plain sight. I also highlight how ‘literalising’ metaphors served Southwell's aesthetic project to reform the neo‐Petrarchan love lyric in service of religious ends. Selecting certain hyperbolic metaphors from amorous verse, Southwell charged these platitudes with new force by making them literal and so uncovering darker meanings within them.
Effects of the clinical severity of disease and concomitant pyoderma on serum acute‐phase proteins concentrations in dogs with sarcoptic mange
Authors: Dinler Ay Ceren , Tuna Gulten Emek , Ekren Asici Gamze Sevri , Ulutas Bulent 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundInformation on acute‐phase protein (APP) concentrations in dogs with sarcoptic mange (SM) is scarce.ObjectiveTo determine the effects of the clinical severity of disease and concomitant pyoderma on serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid‐A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentrations in dogs with SM.AnimalsForty client‐owned dogs with SM (INF group) and 10 healthy control dogs (CON group).Materials and methodsThe INF group was divided into three subgroups; Group 1 (mild/moderate), Group 2 (severe) and Group 3 (severe+pyoderma) according to the extent of skin lesions and the presence of concomitant pyoderma. Serum CRP, SAA, Hp and Cp concentrations of all study groups were measured.ResultsSerum CRP (P < 0.001), SAA (P < 0.001) and Hp (P = 0.016) concentrations of the INF group were higher than the CON group, with no difference in terms of Cp. A statistical difference was measured between groups 2 and 1 in SAA only. C‐reactive protein was found to be significantly higher in dogs with severe SM accompanied by pyoderma (Group 3) when compared with dogs with severe SM (Group 2). The area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves differentiating pyoderma among dogs with severe SM was 0.850 for CRP (P = 0.0001, cut‐off value >61.3 mg/L with sensitivity 69.29% and specificity 90.91%).ConclusionsThe unique findings in this were that the SAA serum concentrations are related to the severity of SM and that serum CRP concentrations are effective in detecting the presence of pyoderma in dogs with severe SM.
Sterile pyogranuloma syndrome in a dog successfully treated with immunosuppressive therapy and reconstructive seed grafting
Authors: Chan Hilary H. , Burrows Amanda K. , Hosgood Giselle , Ghubash Rudayna , O'Hara Amanda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis report describes a case of sterile pyogranuloma syndrome managed with immunomodulatory therapy and seed skin grafting. Seed skin grafting can be considered as part of a multimodal treatment approach for cutaneous defects caused by ulcerative immune‐mediated diseases where secondary intention healing is delayed or contraindicated, and other forms of wound reconstruction may be prohibitive.
Modeling Study on Nearly-Zero Carbon Cooling in Single Houses With Underground Cold Storage
Authors: Li Kewen , Jiang Yu , Jia Lin , Zhao Guoxiang , Kaita Mohammed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Traditional air-conditioning systems are energy-intensive and contribute to severe environmental pollution. Despite these drawbacks, traditional air conditioners grow increasingly popular in rapidly expanding rural villas, exacerbating environmental concerns. It is very important to develop new technology that may substitute traditional air conditioners for space cooling. In this paper, we developed a nearly-zero-carbon cooling technology (NZCCT) that does not require heat pumps or air-conditioning devices as utilized in traditional indoor-cooling systems. The proposed cooling system employs solar and geothermal energy while using the naturally abundant underground soil space as energy storage. For the novel NZCCT systems, the influences of the rate and the category of circulation fluids, the initial temperature and the volume of underground cold storage, thermal conductivity and the diameter of pipes on the cooling performance in a single house have been modeled using comsol multiphysics. The simulation data have been analyzed, and the results demonstrated that the NZCCT methodology for space cooling in single houses could be realized without using heat pumps and air conditioners. A comfortable temperature could be maintained by using only clean energies. A significant amount of electricity to power heat pumps or air conditioners might be saved. The proposed technology is of great importance to reduce carbon emission from house cooling with traditional air conditioners.
Applying a Mono-Octadecanethiol Film on Silver and Gold Coin Products
Authors: Ying Tsineng , Power Tom , Bacon Anthony 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Monomolecular anti-tarnish and lubricant layer was utilized in the coining industry for more than ten years, saving millions of dollars each year. However, the benzotriazole (BTA) that formed the monolayer on cupronickel did not react with silver. In recent years, many chemicals were screened for evaluating the bonding strength on silver surfaces. Finally, a mono-octadecanethiol (ODT) film was solidly bonded with silver surfaces in the laboratory utilizing an ultrasonic bath. To apply this technology for industry, the process must be tested in a real production environment, since many unexpected issues needed to be solved just like applying BTA on cupronickel years ago. In this work, several bench tests were conducted on the silver production line at Sunshine Mint. The results illustrated that the mono-ODT film could be applied on silver surfaces with different processes and parameters according to the production conditions. The processes are simple, reliable, and low cost. Based on the test data, the process can soon be fully implemented on the production line.
Simulation of Medium Wave Propagation in the Magnetosphere
Authors: Blagoveshchensky D. V. , Maltseva O. A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A model of the medium of the ionosphere and magnetosphere, including the distributions of the concentrations and temperatures, collision frequencies, and magnetic field parameters, is described. The ray-tracing method was used to simulate the parameters of medium radio waves in this environment. The wave trajectories were calculated in the approximation of geometric optics. When the level of solar and geomagnetic activity and the location of the transmitter and the frequency are set, the parameters of the wave paths can be calculated. Numerical modeling of the characteristics of experimental echo signals has shown that the mechanism of magnetospheric propagation is of paramount importance. In this case, the main ionospheric trough turned out to be an unusual channel. Medium waves propagate inside the trough along the plasmapause. This is possible with sufficiently clear relationships between the positions of the trough, plasmapause, and transmitter. The considered effect of medium wave channeling can be used to diagnose the position of the trough and plasmapause.
Nomogram model and risk score predicting overall survival and guiding clinical decision in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma: an observational study using SEER population-based data
Authors: Liang Xiangping , Zhang Mingtao , Zhang Zherui , Tan Shuzhen , Li Yingqi , Zhong Yueyuan , Shao Yingqi , Kong Yi , Yang Yue , Li Shang , Xu Jiayi , Li Zesong , Zhu Xiao 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThis study developed a prognostic nomogram of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) for purpose of discussing independent risk factors for HL patients with Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsWe collected data of HL patients from 2010 to 2015 from the SEER database and divided it into two cohorts: the training and the verification cohort. Then the univariate and the multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted in the training, the verification as well as the total cohort, after which the intersection of variables with statistical significance was taken as independent risk factors to establish the nomogram. The predictive ability of the nomogram was validated by the Concordance Index. Additionally, the calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic curve were implemented to evaluate the accuracy and discrimination. Finally, we obtained 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates of HL patients.Results10 912 patients were eligible for the study. We discovered that Derived American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage Group, lymphoma subtype, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were four independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of HL patients. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates for high-risk patients were 85.4%, 79.9% and 76.0%, respectively. It was confirmed that patients with stage I or II had a better prognosis. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy had a positive impact on HL outcomes. However, patients with lymphocyte-depleted HL were of poor prognosis.ConclusionsThe nomogram we constructed could better predict the prognosis of patients with HL. Patients with HL had good long-term outcomes but novel therapies are still in need for fewer complications.
Evaluation of the strategy for implementing the GLA:D programme in Switzerland: protocol for an implementation-effectiveness hybrid type 3 design study with a mixed-method approach
Authors: Ettlin Lea , Bruderer-Hofstetter Marina , Rausch-Osthoff Anne-Kathrin , Nast Irina , Gaugler Olivier , Niedermann Karin 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionInternational guidelines recommend the use of exercise, education and weight reduction, when appropriate, as first-line treatment for the conservative management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). These guidelines have not been applied systematically in Switzerland, resulting in an evidence-performance gap. After an analysis of available programmes, the Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D) programme was determined as the most applicable exercise and education programme for its implementation in Switzerland. The implementation of GLA:D Switzerland OA was initiated to encourage the wider implementation of the clinical guideline recommendations and to improve conservative management of knee OA. The aim of this study protocol is to describe the evaluation of the implementation strategy and its impact on implementation, service and clinical outcomes; as well as to identify contributing barriers and facilitators.Methods and analysisThe Implementation Research Logic Model will be used to evaluate the strategy and analyse its impact on the implementation outcomes by means of a mixed methods approach. This protocol outlines the proposed measures, data sources and strategies for the evaluation. Predefined implementation outcomes will help to identify the implementation impact and analyse barriers and facilitators systematically. The study population will be the healthcare professionals who are involved in the conservative management of knee OA in Switzerland, that is, physiotherapists and medical doctors, and their patients.Ethics and disseminationThe use of the registry data containing data of patients participating in the GLA:D Switzerland OA programme does not fall within the scope of the Swiss Human Research Act (BASEC-Nr. Req-2019-00274). However, all participants involved in the evaluation will be asked to give informed written consent and all measures are taken to protect data and privacy of participants. Research findings will be submitted to journals relevant for the topic.Trial registration numberNot applicable.
Exploring the role of Microbiome in Susceptibility, Treatment Response and Outcome among Tuberculosis Patients from Pakistan: study protocol for a prospective cohort study (Micro-STOP)
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad , Andrews Simon C , Ul-Haq Zia 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a common infectious disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Successful treatment of the disease requires prolonged intake (6–8 months) of multiple antibiotics with potentially detrimental consequences on the composition and functional potential of the human microbiome. The protocol described in the current study aims to identify microbiome (oral and gut) signatures associated with TB pathogenesis, treatment response and outcome in humans.Methods and analysisFour hundred and fifty, newly diagnosed patients with TB from three district levels (Peshawar, Mardan and Swat) TB diagnosis and treatment centres, will be recruited in this non-interventional, prospective cohort study and will be followed and monitored until treatment completion. Demographic and dietary intake data, anthropometric measurement and blood, stool and salivary rinse samples will be collected at baseline, day 15, month-2 and end of the treatment. Additionally, we will recruit age (±3 years) and sex-matched healthy controls (n=30). Blood sampling will allow monitoring of the immune response during the treatment, while salivary rinse and faecal samples will allow monitoring of dynamic changes in oral and gut microbiome diversity. Within this prospective cohort study, a nested case–control study design will be conducted to assess perturbations in oral and gut microbiome diversity (microbial dysbiosis) and immune response and compare between the patients groups (treatment success vs failure).Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethics approval from the Ethic Board of Khyber Medical University Peshawar, and administrative approval from Provincial TB Control Programme of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study results will be presented in national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04985994.