bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of resectable lung adenosquamous carcinoma: a population-based study of the SEER database
Authors: Wang Tengyong , Zhou Jian , Wang Yaxin , Zheng Quan , Lin Zhangyu , Li Guangchen , Mei Jiandong , Liu Lunxu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
Adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer characterized by aggressive behavior, with combination of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of resectable adenosquamous carcinoma are incompletely understood and this study aimed to depict those in a large population.

Methods
A total of 805 adenosquamous carcinoma, 7875 squamous cell carcinoma and 23 957 adenocarcinoma patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobectomy were queried from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010–17). Clinicopathological characteristics of adenosquamous carcinoma patients were compared with those of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma patients. Prognostic factors were identified by univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Propensity score matching was applied to reduce confounding effects.

Results
Adenosquamous carcinoma was associated with higher pleural invasion incidence and poorer differentiation compared with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma (P values &lt; 0.001). The independent risk factors of cancer-specific survival of adenosquamous carcinoma patients were increasing age, male sex, invading through visceral pleura, poor differentiation and higher stage. Stage IB adenosquamous carcinoma patients whose tumor invaded through visceral pleura had significantly worse survival than those not (P = 0.003). Adenosquamous carcinoma patients had worse survival compared with squamous cell carcinoma (5-year-survival: 64.55 vs. 69.09%, P = 0.003) and adenocarcinoma (5-year-survival: 64.55 vs. 76.79%, P &lt; 0.001) patients before match. And this difference persisted after match.

Conclusions
Resectable adenosquamous carcinoma patients had higher pleural invasion incidence, poorer differentiation and worse survival compared with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma patients. Visceral pleural invasion status and differentiation grade were vital prognostic factors of adenosquamous carcinoma patients on the basis of stage.
Melatonin enhances stress tolerance in pigeon pea by promoting flavonoid enrichment, particularly luteolin in response to salt stress
Authors: Song Zhihua , Yang Qing , Dong Biying , Li Na , Wang Mengying , Du Tingting , Liu Ni , Niu Lili , Jin Haojie , Meng Dong , Fu Yujie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMelatonin improves plant resistance to multiple stresses by participating in the biosynthesis of metabolites. Flavonoids are an important family of plant secondary metabolites and are widely recognized to be involved in resistance; however, the crosstalk between melatonin and flavonoid is largely unknown. We found that the resistance of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) to salt, drought, and heat stresses were significantly enhanced by pre-treatment with melatonin. Combined transcriptome and LC-ESI-MS/MS metabolomics analyses showed that melatonin significantly induced the enrichment of flavonoids and mediated the reprogramming of biosynthetic pathway genes. The highest fold-increase in expression in response to melatonin treatment was observed for the CcF3´H family, which encodes an enzyme that catalyses the biosynthesis of luteolin, and the transcription factor CcPCL1 directly bonded to the CcF3´H-5 promoter to enhance its expression. In addition, salt stress also induced the expression of CcPCL1 and CcF3´H-5, and their overexpression in transgenic plants greatly enhanced salt tolerance by promoting the biosynthesis of luteolin. Overall, our results indicated that pre-treatment of pigeon pea with melatonin promoted luteolin biosynthesis through the CcPCL1 and CcF3´H-5 pathways, resulting in salt tolerance. Our study shows that melatonin enhances plant tolerance to multiple stresses by mediating flavonoid biosynthesis, providing new avenues for studying the crosstalk between melatonin and flavonoids.
Evidence for a moderate spin from X-ray reflection of the high-mass supermassive black hole in the cluster-hosted quasar H1821+643
Authors: Sisk-Reynés Júlia , Reynolds Christopher S , Matthews James H , Smith Robyn N 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of deep Chandra Low-Energy and High-Energy Transmission Grating archival observations of the extraordinarily luminous radio-quiet quasar H1821+643, hosted by a rich and massive cool-core cluster at redshift z = 0.3. These data sets provide high-resolution spectra of the AGN at two epochs, free from contamination by the intracluster medium and from the effects of photon pile-up, providing a sensitive probe of the iron-K band. At both epochs, the spectrum is well described by a power-law continuum plus X-ray reflection from both the inner accretion disc and cold, slowly moving distant matter. Adopting this framework, we proceed to examine the properties of the inner disc and the black hole spin. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, we combine constraints from the two epochs assuming that the black hole spin, inner disc inclination, and inner disc iron abundance are invariant. The black hole spin is found to be modest, with a 90 per cent credible range of ${a}^{*}=0.62^{+0.22}_{-0.37}$; and, with a mass MBH in the range log (MBH/M⊙) ∼ 9.2–10.5, this is the most massive black hole candidate for which a well-defined spin constraint has yet been obtained. The modest spin of this black hole supports previous suggestions that the most massive black holes may grow via incoherent or chaotic accretion and/or SMBH-SMBH mergers.
SN 2009ip after a decade: the luminous blue variable progenitor is now gone
Authors: Smith Nathan , Andrews Jennifer E , Filippenko Alexei V , Fox Ori D , Mauerhan Jon C , Van Dyk Schuyler D 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging photometry for the site of the Type IIn supernova (SN) 2009ip taken almost a decade after explosion. The optical source has continued to fade steadily since the SN-like event in 2012. In the F606W filter, which was also used to detect its luminous blue variable (LBV) progenitor 13 yr before the SN, the source at the position of SN 2009ip is now 1.2 mag fainter than that quiescent progenitor. It is 6–7 mag fainter than the pre-SN outbursts in 2009–2011. This definitively rules out a prediction that the source would return to its previous state after surviving the 2012 event. Instead, the late-time fading matches expectations for a terminal explosion. The source fades at a similar rate in all visual-wavelength filters without significant colour changes, therefore also ruling out the hypothesis of a luminous dust-obscured survivor or transition to a hotter post-LBV survivor. The late-time continuum with steady colour and strong Hα emission detected in a narrow F657N filter are, however, entirely expected for ongoing shock interaction with circumstellar material in a decade-old core-collapse SN. Interestingly, the ultraviolet flux has stayed nearly constant since 2015, supporting previous conjectures that the F275W light traces main-sequence OB stars in an underlying young star cluster. We expect that the visual-wavelength continuum will eventually level off, tracing this cluster light. Without any additional outbursts, it seems prudent to consider the 2012 event as a terminal SN explosion, and we discuss plausible scenarios.
Inward and outward migration of massive planets: moving towards a stalling radius
Authors: Scardoni Chiara E , Clarke Cathie J , Rosotti Giovanni P , Booth Richard A , Alexander Richard D , Ragusa Enrico 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent studies on the planet-dominated regime of Type II migration showed that, contrary to the conventional wisdom, massive planets can migrate outwards. Using ‘fixed-planet’ simulations, these studies found a correlation between the sign of the torques acting on the planet and the parameter K′ (which describes the depth of the gap carved by the planet in the disc). We perform ‘live-planet’ simulations exploring a range of K′ and disc mass values to test and extend these results. The excitation of planet eccentricity in live-planet simulations breaks the direct dependence of migration rate (rate of change of semimajor axis) on the torques imposed, an effect that ‘fixed-planet’ simulations cannot treat. By disentangling the contribution to the torque due to the semimajor axis evolution from that due to the eccentricity evolution, we recover the relation between the magnitude and sign of migration and K′ and argue that this relation may be better expressed in terms of the related gap depth parameter K. We present a toy model in which the sign of planetary migration changes at a limiting value of K, through which we explore planets’ migration in viscously evolving discs. The existence of the torque reversal shapes the planetary system’s architecture by accumulating planets either at the stalling radius or in a band around it (defined by the interplay between the planet migration and the disc evolution). In either case, planets pile up in the area 1–10 au, disfavouring hot Jupiter formation through Type II migration in the planet-dominated regime.
Morphological decomposition of TNG50 galaxies: methodology and catalogue
Authors: Zana Tommaso , Lupi Alessandro , Bonetti Matteo , Dotti Massimo , Rosas-Guevara Yetli , Izquierdo-Villalba David , Bonoli Silvia , Hernquist Lars , Nelson Dylan 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present mordor (MORphological DecOmposeR), a new algorithm for structural decomposition of simulated galaxies based on stellar kinematics. The code measures the properties of up to five structural components (a thin/cold and a thick/warm disc, a classical and a secular bulge, and a spherical stellar halo), and determines the properties of a stellar bar (if present). A comparison with other algorithms presented in the literature yields overall good agreement, with mordor displaying a higher flexibility in correctly decomposing systems and identifying bars in crowded environments (e.g. with ongoing fly-bys, often observable in cosmological simulations). We use mordor to analyse galaxies in the TNG50 simulation and find the following: (i) the thick disc component undergoes the strongest evolution in the binding energy-circularity plane, as expected when disc galaxies decrease their turbulent-rotational support with cosmic time; (ii) smaller galaxies (with stellar mass, $10^{9} \lesssim M_{*}/~\rm M_{\odot }\le 5 \times 10^{9}$) undergo a major growth in their disc components after z ∼ 1, whereas (iii) the most massive galaxies ($5 \times 10^{10} \lt M_{*}/~\rm M_{\odot }\le 5\times 10^{11}$) evolve towards more spheroidal dominated objects down to z = 0 due to frequent gravitational interactions with satellites; (iv) the fraction of barred galaxies grows rapidly at high redshift and stabilizes below z ∼ 2, except for the most massive galaxies that show a decrease in the bar occupation fraction at low redshift; (v) galaxies with $M_{*} \sim 10^{11}~~\rm M_{\odot }$ exhibit the highest relative occurrence of bars at z = 0, in agreement with observational studies. We publicly release mordor and the morphological catalogue of TNG50 galaxies.
Orbital solution and dynamical masses for the nearby binary system GJ 67 AB
Authors: Torres Guillermo 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We report spectroscopic observations of the nearby, 19.5-yr binary system GJ 67AB spanning more than 35 yr. We carry out a global orbital solution combining our radial-velocity measurements with others from the literature going back more than a century, and with all other available astrometric observations. The latter include measurements of the relative position as well as the Hipparcos intermediate data and photographic observations tracing the motion of the photocentre. We derive masses for the primary and the M-dwarf secondary of 0.95 ± 0.11 and 0.254 ± 0.019 M⊙, respectively, as well as a more accurate trigonometric parallax of 79.08 ± 0.63 mas, which accounts for the orbital motion. We provide evidence suggesting that the much smaller parallax from Gaia DR3 is biased. The precision in the masses remains limited mainly by the still few measurements of the relative position.
Evidence of globular cluster abundance anomalies in the SMC intermediate-age cluster Kron 3
Authors: Salgado C , Da Costa G S , Yong D , Salinas R , Norris J E , Mackey A D , Marino A F , Milone A P 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Using spectra obtained with the VLT/FORS2 and Gemini-S/GMOS-S instruments, we have investigated carbon, nitrogen, and sodium abundances in a sample of red giant members of the Small Magellanic Cloud star cluster Kron 3. The metallicity and luminosity of the cluster are comparable to those of Galactic globular clusters but it is notably younger (age ≈ 6.5 Gyr). We have measured the strengths of the CN and CH molecular bands, finding a bimodal CN band-strength distribution and a CH/CN anticorrelation. Application of spectrum synthesis techniques reveals that the difference in the mean [N/Fe] and [C/Fe] values for the CN-strong and CN-weak stars are Δ &lt;[N/Fe]&gt; = 0.63 ± 0.16 dex and Δ &lt;[C/Fe]&gt; = −0.01 ± 0.07 dex after applying corrections for evolutionary mixing. We have also measured sodium abundances from the Na D lines finding an observed range in [Na/Fe] of ∼0.6 dex that correlates positively with the [N/Fe] values and a Δ &lt;[Na/Fe]&gt; = 0.12 ± 0.12 dex. While the statistical significance of the sodium abundance difference is not high, the observed correlation between the Na and N abundances supports its existence. The outcome represents the first star-by-star demonstration of correlated abundance variations involving sodium in an intermediate-age star cluster. The results add to existing photometric and spectroscopic indications of the presence of multiple populations in intermediate-age clusters with masses in excess of ∼105 M⊙. It confirms that the mechanism(s) responsible for the multiple populations in ancient globular clusters cannot solely be an early cosmological effect applying only in old clusters.
Oct4A palmitoylation modulates tumorigenicity and stemness in human glioblastoma cells
Authors: Chen Xueran , Niu Wanxiang , Fan Xiaoqing , Yang Haoran , Zhao Chenggang , Fan Junqi , Yao Xuebiao , Fang Zhiyou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma multiforme and other solid malignancies are heterogeneous, containing subpopulations of tumor cells that exhibit stem characteristics. Oct4, also known as POU5F1, is a key transcription factor in the self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. Although it has been detected in advanced gliomas, the biological function of Oct4, and transcriptional machinery maintained by the stemness of Oct4 protein-mediated glioma stem cells (GSC), has not been fully determined.

Methods
The expression of Oct4 variants was evaluated in brain cancer cell lines, and in brain tumor tissues, by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis. The palmitoylation level of Oct4A was determined by the acyl-biotin exchange method, and the effects of palmitoylation Oct4A on GSCs were investigated by a series of in vitro (neuro-sphere formation assay, double immunofluorescence, pharmacological treatment, luciferase assay, and coimmunoprecipitation) and in vivo (xenograft model) experiments.

Results
Here, we report that all three variants of Oct4 are expressed in different types of cerebral cancer, while Oct4A is important for maintaining tumorigenicity in GSCs. Palmitoylation mediated by ZDHHC17 was indispensable for preserving Oct4A from lysosome degradation to maintain its protein stability. Oct4A palmitoylation also helped to integrate Sox4 and Oct4A in the SOX2 enhancement subregion to maintain the stem performance of GSCs. We also designed Oct4A palmitoylation competitive inhibitors, inhibiting the self-renewal ability and tumorigenicity of GSCs.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that Oct4A acts on the tumorigenic activity of glioblastoma, and Oct4A palmitoylation is a candidate therapeutic target.
Lipidomic Analysis of Arabidopsis T-DNA Insertion Lines Leads to Identification and Characterization of C-Terminal Alterations in FATTY ACID DESATURASE 6
Authors: Lusk Hannah J , Neumann Nicholas , Colter Madeline , Roth Mary R , Tamura Pamela , Yao Libin , Shiva Sunitha , Shah Jyoti , Schrick Kathrin , Durrett Timothy P , Welti Ruth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Mass-spectrometry-based screening of lipid extracts of wounded and unwounded leaves from a collection of 364 Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion lines produced lipid profiles that were scored on the number and significance of their differences from the leaf lipid profiles of wild-type plants. The analysis identified Salk_109175C, which displayed alterations in leaf chloroplast glycerolipid composition, including a decreased ratio between two monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) molecular species, MGDG(18:3/16:3) and MGDG(18:3/18:3). Salk_109175C has a confirmed insertion in the At5g64790 locus; the insertion did not co-segregate with the recessive lipid phenotype in the F2 generation of a wild-type (Columbia-0) × Salk_109175C cross. The altered lipid compositional phenotype mapped to the At4g30950 locus, which encodes the plastidial ω-6 desaturase FATTY ACID DESATURASE 6 (FAD6). Sequencing revealed a splice-site mutation, leading to the in-frame deletion of 13 amino acids near the C-terminal end of the 448 amino acid protein. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that this deletion eliminates desaturase activity and reduces protein stability. Sequence comparison across species revealed that several amino acids within the deletion are conserved in plants and cyanobacteria. Individual point mutations in four conserved residues resulted in 77–97% reductions in desaturase activity, while a construct with all four alanine substitutions lacked activity. The data suggest that the deleted region of FAD6, which is on the C-terminal side of the four putative transmembrane segments and the histidine boxes putatively involved in catalysis, is critical for FAD6 function.
Under pressure: The extent and distribution of perceived pressure among scientists in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Authors: Johann David , Raabe Isabel J , Rauhut Heiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile it has been stressed repeatedly that academics nowadays have come to face extensive pressure, the extent and distribution of pressure to publish and to secure third-party funding has not been systematically investigated on a large scale. Based on the Zurich Survey of Academics, a representative large-scale web survey among academics working at universities in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (DACH region), which measures perceived pressure using six-point Likert scales, this article examines the extent and distribution of pressure to publish and to attract external funding. Specifically, we examine differences in perceived pressure across countries, disciplines, types of higher education institutions, sociodemographic characteristics (academic status, age, gender, relationship status, number of children), and working conditions (non-tenured/tenured, time available for research). It is shown that researchers in the DACH region feel a high level of pressure, with the pressure to publish being slightly greater than the pressure to attract external funding. The results also suggest that perceived pressure is not evenly distributed among countries and groups of academics. Specifically, the results suggest that (1) more secure and permanent (tenured) positions should be created and (2) the high-performance culture should be addressed in at least some disciplines if excessive pressure is to be alleviated. The findings also suggest that further investments should be made (3) to promote equal career opportunities for women and men and (4) to ensure that scientists have sufficient time for their research and are not too occupied with other responsibilities, such as teaching or administrative duties.
Cold White of Day: White, colour, and materiality in the twentieth-century British hospital
Authors: Bates Victoria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The built environment is central to modern history. However, scholars have paid much more attention to buildings’ architecture, appearance, and layout, than to their interior decoration, materiality and sensory qualities. There is great opportunity for historians in these latter areas of study. This article makes a case for the value of putting colour at the centre of research, as a material part of the making of modern Britain. It focuses on the uses of ‘white’, or rather surfaces and objects in many shades of white, and takes the case study of twentieth-century British hospitals to do so. It shows that whiteness stayed important in modern British hospitals as part of an expanding colour palette, rather than being replaced or relegated with the rise of the pastel-colour welfare state, particularly as a symbol of hygiene but also as a continued part of creating ‘modern’ and ‘humanistic’ hospitals. This article also suggests that historians might productively use material concepts to understand relationships between continuity and change, rather than adhering to the traditional political periodizations that dominate modern British history.
Visual disturbances produced after the implantation of 3 EDOF intraocular lenses vs 1 monofocal intraocular lens
Authors: Guarro Mercè , Sararols Laura , Londoño Gabriel J. , Goñi Idoia , Vázquez Meritxell , Ruiz Sergi , López Silvia 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To compare the visual disturbances experienced by patients receiving 1 of 3 extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses (IOLs) or a monofocal IOL as the control.

Setting:
OMIQ-Recerca Center. Spain.

Design:
Prospective comparative randomized double-blind study.

Methods:
22 patients were included per group. The IOLs evaluated were the AcrySof IQ Vivity (Vivity group), AT LARA 829MO (AT Lara group), or TECNIS Symfony ZXR00 (Symfony group) and the monofocal AcrySof IQ SN60WF (Monofocal group). The variables analyzed were the light distortion index (LDI), best-fit circle radius (BFCRad), and self-reported vision quality with a questionnaire (QoV). Outcomes were evaluated at the 3-month follow-up visit.

Results:
Under monocular conditions, no differences between groups were detected for the LDI and BFCRad. Under binocular conditions, significant differences in both variables were produced. The Monofocal group reported better values than Symfony (P = .025; P = .024) and AT Lara (P = .002; P = .002) groups. The Vivity group reported better values than Symfony (P = .015; P = .014) and AT Lara (P = .001; P = .001) groups. Halos were not reported by 81.8% (18) of patients in the Vivity group, 90.9% (20) of patients in the Monofocal group, 50% (11) of patients in the AT Lara group, and 59% (13) of patients in the Symfony group.

Conclusions:
The diffractive EDOF IOL models examined in this study induced similar visual disturbances, which were worse than those produced by the nondiffractive extended-range IOL and the monofocal IOL. The nondiffractive lens and the monofocal lens did not show differences.