bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamics of Kerr-AdS black holes in the restricted phase space
Authors: Gao Zeyuan , Kong Xiangqing , Zhao Liu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe thermodynamics for Kerr-AdS black hole in four dimensions is revisited using the recently proposed restricted phase space formalism, which includes the central charge C of the dual CFT and the chemical potential $$\mu $$
μ
, but excludes the pressure and the conjugate volume, as thermodynamic variables. The Euler relation holds automatically, and the first order homogeneity of the mass and the zeroth order homogeneity of the intensive variables are made explicit. Thermodynamic processes involving each pair of conjugate variables are studied in some detail, with emphasis on the scaling properties of the equations of states. It turns out that the thermodynamic behavior of the Kerr-AdS black hole is very similar to that of the RN-AdS black hole studied earlier. In particular, it is found that, there is a first order supercritical phase equilibrium in the $$T-S$$

T
-
S

processes at fixed nonvanishing angular momentum, while at vanishing angular momentum or at fixed angular velocities, there is always a non-equilibrium transition from a small unstable black hole state to a large stable black hole state. Moreover, there is a Hawking–Page phase transition in the $$\mu -C$$

μ
-
C

processes. Due to the complicatedness of the Kerr metric, the exact critical point and the Hawking–Page temperature are worked out explicitly only in the slow rotating limit, however the characteristic thermodynamic properties do not rely on the slow rotating approximation.
Relativistic calculations of two-color two-photon K-shell ionization
Authors: Fan J. , Hofbrucker J. , Volotka A. V. , Fritzsche S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We investigate the two-color two-photon K-shell ionization of neutral atoms based on the relativistic second-order perturbation theory and independent particle approximation. Analytical expressions for the relativistic and nonrelativistic total cross sections are derived in terms of radial transition amplitudes and Stokes parameters. Particular attention is paid especially to how the two-photon ionization total cross section depends on the energy sharing and polarization of the two incident photons. We construct the nonrelativistic expressions of cross section ratios for different polarization combinations of the two incident photons. The numerical results of total cross section and cross section ratios show that the energy sharing of the two incident photons plays an essential role in two-photon K-shell ionization. Particularly, if the energies of the two incident photons are identical, the total cross section and cross section ratios will reach the minimum or maximum value. Moreover, due to the strong screening effects, we find strong deviations of the cross section ratios near the two-photon ionization threshold of the Ne atom.

Graphical abstract
Sensing the Sensor: Estimating Camera Properties with Minimal Information
Authors: Ghosh Pradipta , Liu Xiaochen , Qiu Hang , Vieira Marcos A. M. , Sukhatme Gaurav S. , Govindan Ramesh 
Published: February 2022

Public outdoor surveillance cameras often have limited metadata describing their properties. Frequently, a public camera’s precise position, orientation, focal length, and image center are unknown; these attributes are necessary to precisely pinpoint the location of events seen in the camera. In this article, we ask: what is the minimal information needed to accurately estimate these properties for public cameras? We show, using a judicious combination of projective geometry, neural networks, and crowd-sourced annotations from human workers, that it is possible to, for example, localize 95% of the cameras in our test data set to within 12 m using a
single image
taken from the camera. This performance is an order of magnitude better than PoseNet, a state-of-the-art neural network that needs significantly more information than our approach, and can only estimate position and orientation (and not other properties). Finally, we show that the camera’s inferred pose and properties can help design a number of
virtual sensors
, all of which have good accuracy.
Strategy Strengthening Destination Branding Kampung Thematic Batik Cibuluh Bogor Through Digital Marketing
Authors: Putranto Diyan , Astuti Marhanani Tri 
Published: February 2022

In line with the development of tourist villages as a leading program for tourism and the creative economy, Kampung Batik Cibuluh is a tourist town located in Bogor based on community, creative and cultural industries based on local wisdom, which has the potential to improve the economy Of rural communities based on the participation of the people's community. During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is also a challenge for tourist villages to survive and even develop. The purpose of this research is to create a "destination brand" strategy with the development of creative industries and also to strengthen digital marketing in communicating it as part of its attractiveness for tourists to experience the characteristics and characteristics that make it unique and attractive For tourist destinations.
The analysis strategy is based on destination branding analysis, as well as strengthening digital marketing as part of branding, as developing messages and promotions. This research methodology uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely SWOT analysis by collecting data using primary data and secondary data through literature studies, research results, media social.
Tourist decision-making in choosing a tourist destination is strongly influenced by the strength of the destination branding of the tourist attraction. Digital Marketing as a tool in communicating branding is very important in establishing branding. The collaboration between the government, the tourism industry, the community, the media, and academia (Penta helix) will strengthen the branding of the thematic village of Cibuluh, Bogor.
Role Models in Movies: The Impact of Queen of Katwe on Students’ Educational Attainment
Authors: Riley Emma 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents experimental evidence on the impact of a role model on secondary school students’ exam performance in Uganda. Students were individually randomized to see either a movie featuring a female role model, Queen of Katwe, or to see a placebo movie. I find that treatment with the role model immediately before an important national exam leads to students performing better on their exams, particularly in math, with effects largest for female students. Female students exposed to the role model are more likely to remain in education in subsequent years, closing the gender gap with their male peers.
For Want of a Cup: The Rise of Tea in England and the Impact of Water Quality on Mortality
Authors: Antman Francisca M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the impact of water quality on mortality by exploiting a natural experiment: the rise of tea consumption in eighteenth century England. This resulted in an unintentional increase in consumption of boiled water, thereby reducing mortality rates. The methodology uses two identification strategies tying areas with lower initial water quality to larger declines in mortality rates after tea drinking became widespread and following larger volumes of tea imports. Results are robust to the inclusion of controls for income and access to trade. The hypothesis is further bolstered by suggestive evidence from cause specific deaths and early childhood mortality.
Intertemporal Income Shifting and the Taxation of Business Owner-Managers
Authors: Miller Helen , Pope Thomas , Smith Kate 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We use newly linked tax records to show that the large responses of UK company owner-managers to personal taxes are due to intertemporal income shifting and not to reductions in real business activity. Around half of this shifting is short-term and helps prevent volatile incomes being taxed more heavily under progressive personal taxes. The remainder reflects systemic profit retention over long periods to take advantage of lower tax rates, including preferential treatment of capital gains. We find no evidence that this tax-induced retention increases business investment. It does, however, substantially reduce the tax revenue raised from high income business owners.
On the Development of SWOT In Situ Calibration/Validation for Short-Wavelength Ocean Topography
Authors: Wang Jinbo , Fu Lee-Lueng , Haines Bruce , Lankhorst Matthias , Lucas Andrew J. , Farrar J. Thomas , Send Uwe , Meinig Christian , Schofield Oscar , Ray Richard , Archer Matthew , Aragon David , Bigorre Sebastien , Chao Yi , Kerfoot John , Pinkel Robert , Sandwell David , Stalin Scott 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The future Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission aims to map sea surface height (SSH) in wide swaths with an unprecedented spatial resolution and subcentimeter accuracy. The instrument performance needs to be verified using independent measurements in a process known as calibration and validation (Cal/Val). The SWOT Cal/Val needs in situ measurements that can make synoptic observations of SSH field over an O(100) km distance with an accuracy matching the SWOT requirements specified in terms of the along-track wavenumber spectrum of SSH error. No existing in situ observing system has been demonstrated to meet this challenge. A field campaign was conducted during September 2019–January 2020 to assess the potential of various instruments and platforms to meet the SWOT Cal/Val requirement. These instruments include two GPS buoys, two bottom pressure recorders (BPR), three moorings with fixed conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) and CTD profilers, and a glider. The observations demonstrated that 1) the SSH (hydrostatic) equation can be closed with 1–3 cm RMS residual using BPR, CTD mooring and GPS SSH, and 2) using the upper-ocean steric height derived from CTD moorings enable subcentimeter accuracy in the California Current region during the 2019/20 winter. Given that the three moorings are separated at 10–20–30 km distance, the observations provide valuable information about the small-scale SSH variability associated with the ocean circulation at frequencies ranging from hourly to monthly in the region. The combined analysis sheds light on the design of the SWOT mission postlaunch Cal/Val field campaign.
Association between household size and COVID-19: A UK Biobank observational study
Authors: Gillies Clare L , Rowlands Alex V , Razieh Cameron , Nafilyan Vahé , Chudasama Yogini , Islam Nazrul , Zaccardi Francesco , Ayoubkhani Daniel , Lawson Claire , Davies Melanie J , Yates Tom , Khunti Kamlesh 
Published: February 2022

Summary Objective To assess the association between household size and risk of non-severe or severe COVID-19. Design A longitudinal observational study. Setting This study utilised UK Biobank linked to national SARS-CoV-2 laboratory test data. Participants 401,910 individuals with available data on household size in UK Biobank. Main outcome measures Household size was categorised as single occupancy, two-person households and households of three or more. Severe COVID-19 was defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 test on hospital admission or death with COVID-19 recorded as the underlying cause; and non-severe COVID-19 as a positive test from a community setting. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess associations, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Of 401,910 individuals, 3612 (1%) were identified as having suffered from a severe COVID-19 infection and 11,264 (2.8%) from a non-severe infection, between 16 March 2020 and 16 March 2021. Overall, the odds of severe COVID-19 was significantly higher among individuals living alone (adjusted odds ratio: 1.24 [95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 1.36], or living in a household of three or more individuals (adjusted odds ratio: 1.28 [1.17 to 1.39], when compared to individuals living in a household of two. For non-severe COVID-19 infection, individuals living in a single-occupancy household had lower odds compared to those living in a household of two (adjusted odds ratio: 0.88 [0.82 to 0.93]. Conclusions Odds of severe or non-severe COVID-19 infection were associated with household size. Increasing understanding of why certain households are more at risk is important for limiting spread of the infection.
Generative adversarial network-based post-processed image super-resolution technology for accelerating brain MRI: comparison with compressed sensing
Authors: Ueki Wataru , Nishii Tatsuya , Umehara Kensuke , Ota Junko , Higuchi Satoshi , Ohta Yasutoshi , Nagai Yasuhiro , Murakawa Keizo , Ishida Takayuki , Fukuda Tetsuya 
Published: February 2022

Background It is unclear whether deep-learning–based super-resolution technology (SR) or compressed sensing technology (CS) can accelerate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Purpose To compare SR accelerated images with CS images regarding the image similarity to reference 2D- and 3D gradient-echo sequence (GRE) brain MRI. Material and Methods We prospectively acquired 1.3× and 2.0× faster 2D and 3D GRE images of 20 volunteers from the reference time by reducing the matrix size or increasing the CS factor. For SR, we trained the generative adversarial network (GAN), upscaling the low-resolution images to the reference images with twofold cross-validation. We compared the structural similarity (SSIM) index of accelerated images to the reference image. The rate of incorrect answers of a radiologist discriminating faster and reference image was used as a subjective image similarity (ISM) index. Results The SR demonstrated significantly higher SSIM than the CS (SSIM=0.9993–0.999 vs. 0.9947–0.9986; P < 0.001). In 2D GRE, it was challenging to discriminate the SR image from the reference image, compared to the CS (ISM index 40% vs. 17.5% in 1.3×; P = 0.039 and 17.5% vs. 2.5% in 2.0×; P = 0.034). In 3D GRE, the CS revealed a significantly higher ISM index than the SR (22.5% vs. 2.5%; P = 0.011) in 2.0 × faster images. However, the ISM index was identical for the 2.0× CS and 1.3× SR (22.5% vs. 27.5%; P = 0.62) with comparable time costs. Conclusion The GAN-based SR outperformed CS in image similarity with 2D GRE for MRI acceleration. In addition, CS was more advantageous in 3D GRE than SR.
Comparative analysis of LVAD patients in regard of ischaemic or idiopathic cardiomyopathy: A propensity-score analysis of EUROMACS data
Authors: Merkle-Storms Julia , Djordjevic Ilija , Sabashnikov Anton , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Gkouziouta Aggeliki , Fiane Arnt , Stockman Bernard , Montalto Andrea , Bernhardt Alexander , Meyns Bart , Netuka Ivan , De By Theo , Wahlers Thorsten , Rahmanian Parwis , Zeriouh Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

Background: Despite recent advances in management of patients with advanced heart failure, mortality remains high. Aim of this study was to compare impact of different aetiology of ischaemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy on early outcomes and long-term survival of patients after left ventricular assist device implantation. Methods: European Registry for Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support (EUROMACS) gathers clinical data and follow-up parameters of LVAD recipients. Patients enrolled in the EUROMACS registry with primary diagnosis of either ischaemic ( n = 1190) or idiopathic ( n = 812) cardiomyopathy were included. Primary Endpoints were early mortality as well as long-term survival. Secondary endpoint were major postoperative adverse events, such as need for rethoracotomy. Additionally, a propensity-score matching analysis was performed for patients with ischaemic ( n = 509) and idiopathic ( n = 509) cardiomyopathy. Results: In terms of basic demographics and baseline parameters the two groups significantly differed as expected before propensity-score matching due to different aetiology of cardiomyopathy. Seven-day (52 (4.4%) versus 18 (2.2%); p = 0.009), 30-day (153 (12.9%) versus 73 (9.0%); p = 0.008) and in-hospital mortality (253 (19.7%) versus 123 (15.1%); p = 0.009) were significantly lower in the idiopathic cardiomyopathy group compared to the ischaemic cardiomyopathy group, whereas after propensity-score matching 30-day ( p = 0.169) was comparable and in-hospital mortality ( p = 0.051) was almost significant. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed no significant difference in regard of long-term survival after propensity-score matching (Breslow-test p = 0.161 and LogRank-test p = 0.113). Conclusion: Though patients with ischaemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy suffer from different cardiomyopathy aetiologies, 30-day-mortality and long-term survival of both groups were similar leading to the conclusion that covariates predominately influence mortality and survival of ischaemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathies.
Handheld Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Safety Considerations for Creating Guidelines
Authors: Hsieh Adam , Baker Maxwell B , Phalen Joseph M , Mejias-Garcia Julio , Hsieh Alan , Hsieh Alex , Canelli Robert 
Published: February 2022

Background Compared to traditional ultrasound machines, emerging handheld point-of-care-ultrasound (HPOCUS) systems exhibit superior portability and affordability. Thus, they have been increasingly embraced in the intensive care setting. However, there is scarce data on patient safety and current regulatory body guidelines are lacking. Here, we critically appraise the literature with a focus on the merits, concerns, and framework of existing POCUS guidelines. Subsequently, we provide recommendations for future regulatory guidelines. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the PubMed database employing the key words “point-of-care/handheld/portable ultrasound” and “guidelines” alone, in combination, and using thesaurus terms. Eligible articles were scrutinized for description of potential benefits and concerns of HPOCUS, especially from a patient safety perspective, as well as currently existing POCUS practice guidelines. Data was extracted, reported thematically using a narrative synthesis approach, then subsequently used to guide our proposed guidelines. Results The most widely reported benefits of HPOCUS include superior portability, affordability, imaging, facilitation of expedited diagnosis and management, and integration with medical workplace flow. However, major barriers to adoption include device security/patient confidentiality and patient safety. Furthermore, except for a policy published by the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) in 2018, there are few other national regulatory guidelines pertaining to handheld POCUS. In light of this, we propose a framework for HPOCUS guideline development to address these and other concerns. Such guidelines include training and credentialing, bioengineering approval, and strategic integration with electronic medical record systems. Conclusion HPOCUS can be a powerful tool for expedited diagnosis and management guidance. However, there is limited data regarding patient safety and current regulatory body guidelines are lacking. Our assessment illuminates that there remain many unsolved problems about HPOCUS, and in turn, we propose guidelines to address safe regulation and implementation.
Improved exponential model for thermal error modeling of machine-tool spindle based on fruit fly optimization algorithm
Authors: Liao Qihao , Yin Qin , Xie Luofeng , Yin Guofu 
Published: February 2022

Establishing a robust thermal error model is crucial for thermal error compensation of machine tools. In this paper, an improved exponential model for thermal error modeling was proposed. First, the improved exponential model is established by combining the exponential model and the temperature-dependent model. Second, the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm is used to determine the parameters. Finally, two strategies are used to select the optimal sensor location from six potential ambient temperature sensors. The ambient temperature data is proved to be effective in improving the robustness of the model. The average root mean square error of the proposed model, the exponential model without ambient temperature, and the linear model are 1.18 μm, 1.79 μm, and 2.70 μm, respectively. The modeling results show that the proposed model has high accuracy and strong robustness, which is suitable for workshop environment and variable conditions in thermal error modeling of machine tools.
Tension between local, regional and national levels in Norway’s handling of COVID-19
Authors: Fosse Anette , Svensson Anders , Konradsen Ingvill , Abelsen Birgit 
Published: February 2022

Aims: This study aimed to explore the tension between local, regional, and national authorities evoked by some rural municipalities’ decisions to impose local infection-control measures during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Methods: Eight municipal Chief Medical Officers of Health (CMOs) participated in semi-structured interviews, and six crisis management teams participated in focus-group interviews. Data were analysed with systematic text condensation. Boin and Bynander’s interpretation of crisis management and coordination and Nesheim et al.’s framework for non-hierarchical coordination in the state sector inspired the analysis. Results: Uncertainty in the face of a pandemic with unknown damage potential, lack of infection-control equipment, patient transport challenges, vulnerable staff situation and planning of local COVID-19 beds were some of the reasons for rural municipalities imposing local infection-control measures the first weeks of the pandemic. Local CMOs’ engagement, visibility and knowledge contributed to trust and safety. Differences in perspectives between local, regional and national actors created tension. Existing roles and structures were adjusted, and new informal networks arose. Conclusions: Strong municipal responsibility in Norway and the quite unique arrangement with local CMOs in every municipality with the legal right to decide temporary local infection-control measures seemed to facilitate a balance between top-down and bottom-up decision making. Tension between rural, regional and national actors that arose due to local infection-control measures, and the following dialogue and mutual adjustment of perspectives, led to a fruitful balance between national and local measures in Norway’s handling of the COVID-19 pandemic.