bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Оцінка кліматичних тенденцій в Українському Розточчі за результатами динаміки плювіотермічних умов
Authors: Stryamets Halyna , Prykladivska Tetyana , Hrebelna Valentyna , Skobalo Oksana , Ferents Natalia 
Published: April 2022

Метеорологічними спостереженнями за період 2005-2020 рр. на метеостанції Природного заповідника «Розточчя» (49°55´N 23°45´E) встановлено загальні тенденції у динаміці головних кліматичних факторів – температури повітря і кількості опадів.
Аналіз місячних і сезонних параметрів опадів і температур повного шістнадцятирічного періоду показав, що сучасний клімат цієї території зазнав помітних змін порівняно з кліматом першої половини ХХ ст. (дані метеостанції Рава-Руська у північній частині Українського Розточчя – 50°14´N 23°37´E). Особливо відчутні зміни зафіксовано за останній п’ятирічний період 2016-2020 років.
Відбулось істотне підвищення температури, яка за весь досліджуваний період піднялась на 2,2°С, а за останні п’ять років – на 3,2°С. Суми літніх активних температур (більше 10°С) за період 2005-2020 рр. збільшились на 15%, за 2016-2020 рр.– на 18%, а у посушливі 2015, 2017, 2019 роки ці показники зросли на 27-36%.
За загального збільшення кількості опадів за досліджуваний період на 3,6%, відбувся несприятливий перерозподіл вологи по календарних сезонах року за рахунок зменшення її кількості у період вегетації і збільшення у холодну пору року. Якщо за архівними даними минулого століття літні опади становили 40% від річної кількості, то за період 2005-2020 рр. ця частка зменшилась до 33%, а за останнє п’ятиріччя – до 30%; відбулось не тільки зменшення літньої кількості дощів, але й зміщення їх піку з липня місяця на травень.
Гідротермічний коефіцієнт Г.Т. Селянінова за літні місяці 2005-2020 рр., порівняно з архівними даними, зменшився з 1,9 до 1,4; а по окремих літніх місяцях 2015, 2017 і 2019 років цей показник змінювався від мінімальних декадних значень у 0,01 до середніх місячних – від 0,1 до 0,9.
Наведені вперше для цієї території кліматичні діаграми наглядно демонструють динаміку плювіотермічних умов регіону, тобто зміни річного ходу кривих обох головних кліматичних факторів – опадів і температур. Кліматичні діаграми аномально сухих 2015, 2017 і 2019 років в Українському Розточчі нагадують середземноморський тип клімату зі значною зволоженістю перехідних сезонів і дефіцитом вологи в теплу пору року, коли літній максимум температур накладається на мінімум опадів. Виявлений дисбаланс у взаємозв’язку «температура – волога», особливо в останній п’ятирічний період, свідчить про дефіцит вологи, необхідної для розвитку рослин, і тенденцію трансформації клімату від м’якого гумідного до теплішого аридного
Antibacterial effects of biologically active ingredients in hop provide promising options to fight infections by pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria
Authors: Fahle Anton , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance constitutes a global threat to the health care systems. The number of infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria increases progressively resulting in an estimated annual number of 750,000 fatal cases worldwide. Additionally, the lack of novel antibiotic compounds worsens the dilemma. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative ways to fight antibiotic resistance. One option may be natural compounds with antibacterial properties such as hop and its biologically active ingredients which are used in traditional medicine since ancient times. This prompted us to perform an actual literature survey regarding the antibacterial properties of biologically active ingredients in hop including humulone, lupulone and xanthohumol. The 20 included studies revealed that lupulone and xanthohumol do in fact inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in vitro. In combination with distinct antibiotic compounds the hop ingredients can even exert synergistic effects resulting in enhanced antibiotic activities against defined Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, biologically active ingredients in hop including lupulone and xanthohumol may be potential antibiotic compounds which either alone or in combination with other antibacterial substances open novel avenues in the combat of infections caused by pathogenic including MDR bacteria.
ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ СРЕДСТВ МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА МЕДИЙНОЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВО РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: ПИРЯЗЕВА Наталья Евгеньевна 
Published: April 2022

Глобализация сегодня стала общемировой тенденцией. Нацеленность государств на экономическое и социальное развитие обусловливает наращивание темпов интеграции. Глобализация оказывает заметное воздействие на повсеместное расширение масштабов деятельности средств массовой информации. В статье представлены мнения отдельных специалистов в области массмедиа как о положительном, так и об отрицательном воздействии глобализации средств массовой информации, а также об их консолидации, при которой все большим их числом владеет все меньшее количество медиакомпаний.
Заинтересованность медиагигантов в получении большего объема доходов, а также возможность корпораций контролировать глобальный контент в ряде случаев приводят к распространению односторонней или противоречивой информации о тех или иных явлениях общественной, политической или социальной жизни. Проблема влияния средств массовой информации на формирование общественного мнения приводила и продолжает приводить к видоизменению медийного законодательства в области регулирования работы средств массовой информации, получающих зарубежное финансирование. Объектом данного исследования выступает российское и зарубежное законодательство, регламентирующее деятельность средств массовой информации в эпоху глобализации.
Целью работы является выявление особенностей влияния глобализации на медийное законодательство Российской Федерации. Для достижения поставленной цели в рамках исследования осуществлен историко-правовой и сравнительно-правовой анализ подходов к глобализации средств массовой информации законодателей СССР, США, Китая и Российской Федерации. Проанализировано российское и зарубежное законодательство о средствах массовой информации — иностранных агентах. Рассмотрены перспективы отдельных направлений совершенствования действующего российского медийного законодательства.
GIDA KATKI MADDESİ SODYUM BENZOATIN OKSİDATİF STRES VE GENOTOKSİSİTE ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: İLHAN İlter , DOGUC Duygu , TEPEBAŞI Muhammet Yusuf , SANCER Okan , BÜYÜKBAYRAM Halil İbrahim 
Published: April 2022

Amaç
Son yıllarda gıda katkı maddelerinin kullanımında belirgin
artış vardır. Doğumdan ölüme kadar maruz kalınan
bu maddelerin, insanlarda uzun süreli tüketime
bağlı olarak oluşturabileceği yan etkiler oldukça önem
kazanmıştır. Çalışmamızda özellikle puberte öncesi
sıçanlarda sodyum benzoata maruziyetin oksidatif
stres ve genotoksisite açılarından değerlendirilmesini
amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Kırk iki adet, 4 haftalık erkek sıçan, kontrol (n=14),
deney 1 (Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) dozunda sodyum
benzoat, n=14) ve deney 2 (No Advers Effect Level
(NOAEL) dozunda sodyum benzoat, n=14) grupları
şeklinde 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Altı hafta süresince
oral gavaj uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda sakrifiye
edilen sıçanların kan örneklerinden biyokimyasal parametreler
(glukoz, kreatinin, AST, ALT, ALP, lipid profili,
total protein, albümin), total oksidan status (TOS),
total antioksidan status (TAS), iskemi modifiye albümin
(İMA) ölçülmüş ve Comet yöntemi ile DNA hasarı
değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçülen TOS ve TAS parametrelerinden
oksidatif stres indeksi (OSİ) hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular
NOAEL dozu sodyum benzoat uygulanan sıçanlarda
ALT ve kreatinin seviyeleri yükselmiştir. Ayrıca TOS,
IMA ve OSİ seviyeleri NOAEL grubunda yüksek iken
TAS seviyeleri düşük bulunmuştur. Bunlara ek olarak
NOAEL dozunda sodyum benzoat DNA hasarına yol
açmıştır.
Sonuç
Çalışmamızda, prepubertal dönem sıçanlarda ADI
dozunda sodyum benzoat uygulamasının, olumsuz
bir etkisi gözlemlenmemiştir. Diğer taraftan NOAEL
dozunda sodyum benzoat uygulamasının böbrek ve
karaciğer fonksiyonlarını bozduğunu ve oksidatif stres
ile genotoksisiteye yol açabileceği ortaya konmuştur.
Changes in the Hardiness of Generationsʼ Representatives of Russians at the Beginning of the XXI Century
Authors: Postnikova M.I. , Miklyaeva A.V. , Sivrikova N.V. , Regush L.A. 
Published: April 2022

Objective. The article presents the result of researching Hardiness of generations living in different regions of North-West Russia. The aim of the research is to identify changes in Hardiness of generations over the past decade.Background. The modern social context (urbanization, informatization, pandemic, etc.) actualizes the problem of finding resources that allow a person to cope with life’s difficulties. So it’s safe to say that the residents of megapolis have certain qualities that distinguish them from the residents of regional centers and small cities, which are a means of adapting to the specifics of an aggressive urban environment. Therefore, the characteristics of hardiness, as the ability of the individual to withstand a stressful situation, while maintaining internal balance without compromising performance, in terms of socialization (metropolis/regional center) seems quite reasonable.Study design. The research of generationsʹ hardiness in 2009 and in 2019 with the aim of identifying its changes and regional specificities was completed. The description of changes in hardiness is presented on the example of a megalopolis and a regional center of the North-West of Russia.Participants. Sample: 769 people, including in 2009 — 362 people (40.6% of men, 59.4% of women) from 19 to 69 years old and in 2019 — 407 people (34.6% of men and 65.4% of women) from 27 to 82 years old.Measurements. We studied values using the Russian version of Maddi’s Hardiness Survey adapted by D.A. Leont’ev, E.I. Rasskazova (2006). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the help of Statistica 10.0 software package.Results. A significant changes of the hardiness in the population of the North-West of Russia over the past decade has been recorded. The increased hardiness is observed in representatives of the Post-war, Soviet, and Transitional generations, while a decrease in hardiness is found in the sample of the Post-Soviet generation. There are no differences in the generational dynamics of the resilience of residents of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk.Conclusions. Generational affiliation is one of the factors that mediate the dynamics of hardiness at various stages of a person’s life path.
Russian Political Identity Profiles: The Role of Moral Foundations, System Justification, and Resistance to Change
Authors: Muminova A.M. , Titov A. , Batkhina A.A. , Grigoryev D.S. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. To extract profiles of Russian political identity in terms of attitude to the conservative agenda, main ideologies, political parties, and institutions among Russians, as well as to identify the connections of these profiles with moral foundations and motivation for system justification and resistance to change. Subsequent analysis showing what is consolidating and what is divisive among the participants, as well as the key dimensions along which this split takes place.Background. A simple analysis of attitudes towards individual politicians and political parties and other subjects of politics does not allow to understand the relatively stable political views of Russians. At the same time, ideological closeness or disagreement is not psychologically accidental, even among those who are poorly versed in politics. There are always some pre-political psychological variables that reflect the predisposition of people to accept certain explicit ideological preferences that are reflected in specific profiles of political identity.Study design. Cross-sectional one-sample correlation design using data from socio-psychological survey. A person-centered approach was applied in the form of latent profile analysis.Participants. There were 224 participants in study 1 and 125 participants in study 2.Measurements. Moral foundations (Graham et al., 2011), attitude toward conservative agenda (Everett, 2013), system justification (Jost, 2015), resistance to change (White et al., 2020), feelings thermometer (Converse et al., 1980).Results. The greatest differences between the profiles of the Russian political identity were observed in the positive attitude toward capitalism, free market, and freedom of speech, as well as toward the president, patriotism, monarchy, military and national security. These differences were related to support for the current Russian political course and the manifestation of loyalty to it. The differences between the profiles were more related to the binding moral foundations, while the idea of fairness was equally important for Russians with any of the profiles found.Conclusions. Authoritarian submission can be considered a key psychological foundation of the Russian political identity. On the other hand, political views are differentiated by the choice between the demand for security (stabil’nost’) or development (i.e., accepting the risks of changes for the future development, or abandoning them in favor of security, stability, predictability of the current political course).
The Role of Values in the Commitment of Young People to Various Types of Social Activity
Authors: Shamionov R.M. , Bocharova Е.Е. , Nevsky E.V. 
Published: April 2022

Objective. To identify the role of values in commitment to various types of social activity.Background. The social activity of young people is the driver of the development of society. It contains very different initiatives – ranging from civil, political and economic to subcultural and radical protest. The most important task is to study the value factors of a person’s commitment to various forms of activity. Such scientific knowledge will allow us to establish the features of the value regulation of activity.Study design. The relationship between values and commitment to various forms of social activity. The presence and peculiarities of the relationship were recorded through correlation and regression analyses.Participants. 500 residents of Russia (average age M=21,6; 35,5% men, 64,5% women).Measurements. A questionnaire was applied, including 18 scale questions, meaningfully describing the forms of social activity (Shamionov R.M., & et al. ), followed by factorization of the data obtained, on the basis of which “new” variables of civil, protest, Internet-network and leisure activity were derived; “Portrait value questionnaire” Sh. Schwartz (PVQ-R2) with fixation of 19 basic values.Results. Various forms of social activity of young people form 4 enlarged groups (types) based on factor analysis: civil, protest, leisure and Internet network. The commitment of young people to leisure and Internet network activity is most pronounced. The interrelationships of types of activity and values cover all sectors of the circular motivational continuum of values. Schwartz. Values explain from 22% to 8% of the variance of different types of social activity.Conclusions. The most important prognostic values are the values of traditions and care for nature with low expression of the value of public safety (civic activity); universalism-care, power with low expression of the values of public safety and benevolence-care (protest activity); the value of stimulation, tradition and benevolence-care (leisure); values of independence-actions, power-resources with low expression of traditions (Internet-network).
Roles of Achievement, Impulse Control, Gender, and Democratic Parenting as Predictors of Friendship Quality Among Students
Authors: Erdogdu M. 
Published: April 2022

Objevtive. This research aimed to explore the roles of achievement, impulse control, gender, and democratic parenting in predicting the students’ friendship quality.Background. The choice of friends of children, especially during their adolescence, greatly affects their social development. For this reason, determining the variables that affect adolescents’ choice of friends and regulating their friendships are of great importance.Study design. In determining the friendship quality of students, success impulse control, the effect of gender and the role of the democratic family and the order of importance were examined. For this purpose, descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Product-Moment coefficient and stepwise regression analysis were used in the research.Participants. The research was conducted with 589 students attending three different high schools in Küçükçekmece, İstanbul. Mean age of the students was 16.18 (SD=1,22) and their mean achievement was 74.25 (SD=3,42).Measurements. In this study Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Friendship Quality Scale, and Parenting Style Scale were utilized, and grade points of the students were taken from their school reports of the previous year for their achievement levels.Results. According to the results, students’ friendship quality scores were positively correlated with impulse control, achievement, democratic parenting style, and gender. The strongest predictors of friendship quality were democratic parenting styles, impulse control, achievement, and gender, respectively.Conclusions. In this context, it has been revealed that the democratic family is an important factor in determining the friendship quality, and that families have important responsibilities in the choice of friends of their children.
Hidden systolic dysfunction of the right ventricle in patients with increased pulmonary vascular resistance 3 months after COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Shirokov N. E. , Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Krinochkin D. V. , Osokina N. A. 
Published: April 2022

Aim To study the relationship of echocardiographic right ventricular (RV) structural and functional parameters and indexes of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients 3 months after COVID-19 pneumonia.Material and methods This cross-sectional, observational study included 96 patients aged 46.7±15.2 years. The inclusion criteria were documented diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia and patient’s willing to participate in the observation. Patients were examined upon hospitalization and during the control visit (at 3 months after discharge from the hospital). Images and video loops were processed, including the assessment of myocardial longitudinal strain (LS) by speckle tracking, according to the effective guidelines. The equation [tricuspid regurgitation velocity/ time-velocity integral of the RV outflow tract × 10 + 0.16] was used to determine PRV. Patients were divided into group 1 (n=31) with increased PRV ≥1.5 Wood units and group 2 (n=65) with PRV <1.5 Wood units.Results At baseline, groups did not differ in main clinical functional characteristics, including severity of lung damage by computed tomography (32.7±22.1 and 36.5±20.4 %, respectively. р=0.418). Echocardiographic linear, planimetric and volumetric parameters did not significantly differ between the groups. In group 1 at the control visit, endocardial LS of the RV free wall (FW) (–19.3 [–17.9; –25.8] %) was significantly lower (р=0.048) than in group 2 (–23.4 [–19.8; –27.8] %), and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) according to C. Otto (32.0 [26.0; 35.0] mm Hg and 23.0 [20.0; 28.0] mm Hg) was significantly higher than in group 2 (р<0.001). According to the logistic regression, only endocardial RV FW LS (odds ratio, OR, 0.859; 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.746–0.989; р=0.034) and sPAP (OR, 1.248; 95 % CI, 1.108–1405; р<0.001) were independently related with the increase in PVR. Spearman correlation analysis detected a moderate relationship between PVR and mean PAP according to G. Mahan (r=0.516; p=0.003) and between PVR and the index of right heart chamber functional coupling with the PA system (r=–0.509; p=0.007) in group 1 at the control visit.Conclusion In patients 3 months after COVID-19 pneumonia, hidden RV systolic dysfunction defined as depressed endocardial RV FW LS to -19.3% is associated with increased PVR ≥1.5 Wood units.
The frequency of atrial infarction in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Bocharov A. V. , Popov L. V. , Lagkuev M. D. 
Published: April 2022

Aim To evaluate the incidence of atrial infarction (AI) based on a retrospective review of 287 case reports of patients with supraventricular arrhythmia and a positive qualitative test for troponin I after pharmacological arrest of arrhythmia; to determine the target localization of lesions and diagnostic signs, that appear in acute ischemic atrial damage, by selective coronary angiography (CA).Material and methods A retrospective review was performed of 287 case reports of patients admitted to cardiology departments for atrial fibrillation paroxysm with narrow QRS complexes on electrocardiogram (ECG) from 2018 through 2020. At the prehospital stage, verapamil had been administered intravenously with no effect. In the hospital, the sinus rhythm was successfully restored pharmacologically in all patients. Then ECG, repeated qualitative determination of troponin I, echocardiography, and CA were performed.Results 77 (27 %) patients of the study group had AI signs; 27 (9.5 %) of these patients had confirmed AI, and 50 (17.5 %) patients had probable AI. The existence of acute ischemic injury was considered absolutely confirmed in the presence of a combination of ECG changes, positive markers of myocardial damage, and reduced blood flow velocity in the left atrial branch of the sinoatrial nodal artery as shown by CA; in the presence of only ECG and biochemical criteria, acute AI was considered probable. According to selective CA, coronary injuries requiring an intervention were absent, and signs of the above-mentioned artery thrombosis were not visualized. However, the blood flow velocity was reduced to the TIMI II level in 9.5 % of cases; other atrial branches had an extremely small diameter.Conclusion Atrial infarction needs to be excluded for patients with supraventricular arrhythmias, a characteristic clinical picture, and increased levels of myocardial injury enzymes.
Normalisation of diabetic heart pump function at decreased functional load
Authors: Lakomkin V. L. , Abramov A. A. , Lukoshkova E. V. , Studneva I. M. , Prosvirin A. V. , Kapelko V. I. 
Published: April 2022

Aim To study left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics in presence of decreased blood inflow to the heart as well as changes in myocardial content of energy metabolites in diabetic rats.Material and methods Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by impaired heart contractility and by transition of cardiomyocyte energy metabolism fatty acids exclusively as a source of energy. This reduces the efficiency of energy utilization and increases the heart vulnerability to hypoxia. This study was performed on rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by administration of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The LV pump function was studied with a catheter that allows simultaneous measurement of LV pressure and volume in each cardiac cycle.Results Blood glucose was approximately sixfold increased at 2 weeks. Heart failure was detected with decreases in ejection fraction by 27%, minute volume by 39%, and stroke work by 41%. Systolic dysfunction was based on a decrease in LV peak ejection velocity by more than 50%. Furthermore, the LV developed pressure and contractility index were within the normal range, while 1.5 times increased arterial stiffness was the factor that hampered ejection. The sum of adenine nucleotides was decreased by 21%, the ATP content was decreased by 29%, and also creatine phosphate formation was reduced in the myocardium of diabetic rats. Lactate content in the diabetic myocardium was increased almost threefold, which indicated mobilization of aerobic glycolysis. With the reduced preload, equal diastolic volume (0.3 ml), and equal blood pressure (60 mm Hg), the diabetic heart pump function did not differ from the control.Conclusion In type 1 diabetes mellitus, decreases in functional load and oxygen consumption normalize the myocardial pump function with disturbed energy metabolism.