bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic opto-electro-thermal characterization of solid state lighting devices: measuring the power conversion efficiency at high current densities
Authors: Azarifar Mohammad , Cengiz Ceren , Arik Mehmet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Solid state lighting devices with high power densities require accurate characterization, as the rise of chip temperature impacts its optical, electrical, and lifetime characteristics. A detailed experimental study is performed in order to analyze opto-electro-thermal behavior as new high-power devices like laser diodes (LDs) are becoming of interest. The outline of this article was inspired by two major issues identified in previous experimental approaches. First, there is some debate in the literature about the linearity of the temperature coefficient of the forward voltage. Second, there is a limited number of experimental reports on the temperature dependence of power conversion efficiency. We have shown that prior variations are the result of a diversity in the selection of electrical parameters during thermal calibrations, as both linear and non-linear relationships for temperature coefficient of voltage can be obtained. On the other hand, it was discovered that report scarcity for temperature-dependent studies can be related to the use of passive approaches for temperature-dependent measurements. In temperature-controlled environments, short pulses with high current densities may not ensure the thermal equilibrium of the device under test due to small thermal capacitance. This issue, as well as the lengthy process of passive measurements can be addressed by implementing a dynamic measurement method presented in this study. Finally, linear power conversion efficiency trends with junction temperature are demonstrated for both blue light emitting diodes and LDs at high current densities.
On-wire bandgap engineering via a magnetic-pulled CVD approach and optoelectronic applications of one-dimensional nanostructures
Authors: Shen Xia , Li Pu , Guo Pengfei , Yu Kin Man 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since the emergence of one-dimensional nanostructures, in particular the bandgap-graded semiconductor nanowires/ribbons or heterostructures, lots of attentions have been devoted to unraveling their intriguing properties and finding applications for future developments in optical communications and integrated optoelectronic devices. In particular, the ability to modulate the bandgap along a single nanostructure greatly enhances their functionalities in optoelectronics, and hence these studies are essential to pave the way for future high-integrated devices and circuits. Herein, we focus on a brief review on recent advances about the synthesis through a magnetic-pulled chemical vapor deposition approach, crystal structure and the unique optical and electronic properties of on-nanostructures semiconductors, including axial nanowire heterostructures, asymmetrical/symmetric bandgap gradient nanowires, lateral heterostructure nanoribbons, lateral bandgap graded ribbons. Moreover, recent developments in applications using low-dimensional bandgap modulated structures, especially in bandgap-graded nanowires and heterostructures, are summarized, including multicolor lasers, waveguides, white-light sources, photodetectors, and spectrometers, where the main strategies and unique features are addressed. Finally, future outlook and perspectives for the current challenges and the future opportunities of one-dimensional nanostructures with bandgap engineering are discussed to provide a roadmap future development in the field.
Tunable Schottky barrier in Janus-XGa2
Y/Graphene (X/Y = S, Se, Te; X ≠ Y) van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Guo Hao , Lang Xiufeng , Tian Xiaobao , Jiang Wentao , Wang Guangzhao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Janus materials have attracted significant attention due to their asymmetrical structures and unique electronic properties. In this work, by using the first-principles calculation based on density functional theory, we systematically investigate the electronic properties of 6 types of Janus-XGa2
Y/Graphene van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). The results show that the Janus-XGa2
Y/Graphene vdWHs are connected by weak interlayer vdW forces and can form n-type Schottky contact, p-type Schottky contact or Ohmic contact when the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) is not considered. However, when considering SOC, only the SeGa2S/G and G/SeGa2S vdWHs show n-type Schottky contact, and other vdWHs show Ohmic contacts. In addition, the Schottky barriers and contact types of SeGa2S/Graphene and Graphene/SeGa2S vdWHs can be effectively modulated by interlayer distance and biaxial strain. They can be transformed from intrinsic n-type Schottky contact to p-type Schottky contact when the interlayer distances are smaller than 2.65 Å and 2.90 Å, respectively. They can also be transformed to Ohmic contact by applying external biaxial strain. Our work can provide useful guidelines for designing Schottky nanodiodes, field effect transistors or other low-resistance nanodevices based on the 2D vdWHs.
Direct observation of carrier migration in heterojunctions to discuss the p–n and direct Z-scheme heterojunctions
Authors: Yang Li , Zhou Jian-Ping , Chen Qi-Wen , Yang Hong-Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Type II p–n heterojunction and direct Z-scheme heterojunction are identical staggered band alignments, but were reported ambiguously in many composite photocatalysts because their carriers migrate in opposite directions. In this research, metal oxides CuO, NiO and Co3O4-based heterojunctions with Na0.9Mg0.45Ti3.55O8 (NMTO) were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. The CuO/NMTO heterojunction was demonstrated as a direct Z-scheme heterojunction, whereas the NiO/NMTO and Co3O4/NMTO heterojunctions showed type II p–n band alignment, distinguished by the direct observation of carrier migration under light illumination, and confirmed by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mott–Schottky measurements, ultraviolet photoelectron spectra and capture experiments. These all heterojunctions enjoyed better photocatalytic performance to degrade methylene blue and antibiotics (Enrofloxacin, Metronidazole and tetracycline) than the pure NMTO, attributed to their effective separation of the photoinduced electron–hole pairs owing to the staggered band alignment. Prominently, the NiO/NMTO and Co3O4/NMTO p–n heterojunctions exhibited superior degradation ability to the CuO/NMTO Z-scheme heterojunction. The initial relative Fermi position of two semiconductors is the prerequisite to determine whether the p–n heterojunction or direct Z-scheme heterojunction is built because the electrons diffuse from one semiconductor with a higher Fermi level to another with a lower Fermi level while the holes diffuse reversely until a united Fermi level when they combine. The built-in electric field at the heterojunction interface is determined by the difference in the initial Fermi levels or work functions of two semiconductors, regulating the separation ability of photogenerated electrons and holes to affect the photocatalytic performance. Thus, the high difference in the initial Fermi levels of semiconductors is crucial in the development of heterojunctions with staggered band alignment to obtain high performance in photocatalytic reactions.
Gas adsorption effects of monolayer GeSe in terms of anisotropic transport properties
Authors: Guo Caixia , Wang Chenghao , Wang Tianxing , Liu Yufang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional layered semiconducting material germanium selenide (GeSe) has attracted significant attention due to its environmental friendship, anisotropic electronic structures, and strong air-stability. To evaluate the candidacy of monolayer GeSe as a potential gas sensing material, the adsorption characteristics of various small gas molecules on monolayer GeSe are comprehensively studied combining density functional theory calculations and non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism. The charge transfer reaction between gas molecules and monolayer GeSe leads to the marked change of the carrier density, which further affects the anisotropic transport characteristics of monolayer GeSe. The calculated band structures and I–V curves reveal distinctive responses of monolayer GeSe to the different gas molecules, and higher sensitivity of the monolayer GeSe in presence of SO2, NH3, NO2 gas molecules along the zigzag direction is obtained. These results suggest that monolayer GeSe along the zigzag direction has promising application in gas detector.
Conditioning problems for invariant sets of expanding piecewise affine mappings: application to loss of ergodicity in globally coupled maps
Authors: Fernandez Bastien , Sélley Fanni M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We propose a systematic approach to the construction of invariant union of polytopes (IUP) in expanding piecewise affine mappings whose linear components are isotropic scalings. The approach relies on using empirical information embedded in trajectories in order to infer, and then to solve, a so-called conditioning problem for some generating collection of polytopes. A conditioning problem consists of a series of requirements on the polytopes’ localisation and on the dynamical transitions between these elements. The core element of the approach is a reformulation of the problem as a set of piecewise linear inequalities for some matrices which encapsulate geometric constraints. In that way, the original topological puzzle is converted into a standard problem in computational geometry. This transformation involves an optimisation procedure that ensures that both problems are equivalent. As a proof of concept, the approach is applied to the study of the loss of ergodicity in basic examples of globally coupled maps. The study explains, completes and substantially extends previous achievements about asymmetric IUP in these systems. Comparison with the numerics reveals sharp existence conditions depending on the map parameters, and accurate fits of the empirical ergodic components. In addition, this application also reveals unanticipated features about conditioning problem solutions, especially as the dependence on the set of admissible face directions is concerned.
Equidistribution for measures defined by digit restrictions
Authors: Xiong Ying , Zhao Jiuzhou 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the pointwise equidistribution properties of measures μ

p

defined by digit restrictions on the b-adic expansion, where b ⩾ 2 is an integer. We prove that, if a sequence

(

α

n

)

n
⩾
1

satisfies a certain b-adic diversity condition, then the sequence

(

α

n

x

)

n
⩾
1

is uniformly distributed modulo one for μ

p

-a.e. x. We also find some sufficient conditions to ensure the b-adic diversity. Moreover, we apply these results to establish the b-adic diversity for the sequences that can be written as certain combination of polynomial and exponential functions.
Experimental investigation and modeling of the temperature memory effect in a 4D-printed auxetic structure
Authors: Pasini Chiara , Inverardi Nicoletta , Battini Davide , Scalet Giulia , Marconi Stefania , Auricchio Ferdinando , Pandini Stefano 
Published: July 2022

Abstract4D printing is an innovative manufacturing approach that combines 3D printing and stimuli- responsive abilities to produce objects with complex geometry and capable of shapeshifting over time (the fourth dimension). To pursue such an approach this paper proposes to develop re-entrant honeycomb auxetic grids with tunable shape reconfigurable behavior. Particularly, the work combines 3D printing and a photopolymer exhibiting the so-called temperature memory effect (TME), a peculiar shape memory behavior expressing the capability of the material to remember not only the original shape but also the deformation temperature. A thorough experimental activity was carried out on single auxetic unit cells, chosen as representative of the whole auxetic grid, to properly highlight and assess their response upon heating after single-step and multiple-step deformation histories and to describe the recovery process as a function of time and temperature. Results demonstrate the possibility to achieve an easily controlled TME and to successfully exploit it for autonomous, complex hierarchical transformations over a large range of temperatures. As a proof-of-concept, the study of the sequential recovery of an entire auxetic grid subjected to double-step programming allowed highlighting a decoupled in-plane elongation and out-of-plane bending. The behavior of the 4D-printed auxetic structures was simulated by means of finite element (FE) analysis, using a thermoviscoelastic model of the photopolymer and viscoelastic experimental data obtained by time-temperature superposition analysis applied to multifrequency dynamic mechanical tests and to isothermal recovery tests. A good correspondence between experiments and simulations was obtained for all shape memory tests, demonstrating that the proposed FE approach is a suitable tool to support the design of these structures. The combination of 3D printing and TME opens new perspectives to achieve dynamic tunability in mechanical metamaterials, that is a key ingredient in several application fields.
Phantoms and strange attractors in cosmology
Authors: Russo Jorge G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study a cosmological model of gravity coupled to three, self-interacting scalar fields, one of them with negative kinetic term.
The theory has cosmological solutions described by three-dimensional quadratic autonomous equations.
Remarkably, the dynamical system has strange attractors, which are in fact very similar to the classic Lorenz attractor.
The associated chaotic cosmologies exhibit highly fluctuating periods of contraction and expansion, alternating with long, steady periods in a de Sitter-like phase.
Characteristics of fish crackers mackarel (Euthynnus affinis) with edible film surimi as packaging
Authors: Saputra Eka , Andriyono Sapto , Isroni Wahyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Products made from fishery products are easy to decline in quality, for that a coating is needed that is able to improve the quality of the resulting product. Edible film from surimi which is used as a coating on nugget products is able to maintain the quality of fish crackers as seen from the value of water content, protein content, fat content, ash content.
Risk analysis of catfish cultivation (Pangasius hypophthalmus) business in Gondosuli Village, Gondang, Tulungagung
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Abdillah Kartika Intan , Primyastanto Mimit 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The catfish farming business is an activity that offers the opportunity to earn large profits, but it also has the potential for business risks. The aims of this research is to ascertain the characteristics of catfish business farmers and to analyze the level of production risk. This research was carried out in Pokdakan Mina Jaya and Mina Baru Gondosuli Village, Gondang, Tulungagung. The research location was chosen purposively and the sample method used was snowball sampling. The data analysis method used analysis of income and analysis of risk. The results showed that the profit of the catfish farming on each planting season was IDR 81.631.322. The production risk and income risk analysis showed that the coefficient of variance was CV < 0,5. The lower limit of production risk and income risk was L > 0. Then, based on the value of coefficient variance‘s production and income showed that there was a little of risk catfish cultivation production faced by farmers. The relation between the coefficient of variance (CV) and the lower limit (L) of production risk and income risk represent that the catfish cultivation do not suffer from production risk due to small production risks.
Measurement of Indonesian Marine Health Index to Assess The Health of The Coastal Ecosystem of Tuban, East Java
Authors: Joesidawati M I , Suwarsih S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess marine health on the scale of coastal water and reveal its potential to provide a benchmark for sustainable marine development activities in Tuban Regency. This study uses IKLI (Indeks Kesehatan Laut Indonesia) which is an OHI (Ocean Health Index) framework that has been modified according to the needs and the Indonesian environment. IKLI indicator used is adapted to the Tuban coastal environment. The results showed the overall IKLI value was 58 (out of 100) for the 2016-2020. IKLI value is based on 10 types of marine destinations, namely as a source of food (87), as a support for traditional fisheries (70), as a product of natural materials (65), as a source of livelihood and economy (90), as a provider of tourism and recreation services (80), based on the five objectives shows that the coastal ecosystem of Tuban contributes significantly to community livelihoods and the regional economy. The measurement of low-value IKLI for marine destination types as carbon storage (45), coastal protection (30), protection of species and iconic places (35); clean sea-water (33) and marine biodiversity (41) mean the coastal waters of Tuban with sandy beaches indicate the impact of sea-level rise and excessive activities in coastal areas causing pollution levels to increase.both.
Potential of sappan wood extract as a feed additive on the feed conversion on organic matter digestibility on the buck exposed to heat stress
Authors: Agustono B , Rahmaniyah I , Fikri F , Prastiya R A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the potential of sappan wood extract as a feed additive on feed conversion and organic matter digestibility on the buck exposed to heat stress. The study used with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. The experimental animals were 100 bucks of Rex type at 5 months of age. The average weight of the buck was ±1.8 kg. Afterward, the bucks were divided into 4 groups and given different treatment for 4 weeks, namely K+ (basal feed + heat stress), K- (basal feed + ambient temperature), P1 (basal feed + sappan wood extract 100 mg/kg + heat stress) and P2 (basal feed + sappan wood extract 300 mg/kg + heat stress). Data were recorded in the fourth week after observation based on the feed conversion ratio and Organic matter digestibility. The average score of the feed conversion of K+, K-, P1, and P2 was 6.79; 6.41; 6.10; 6.14 respectively. The average score of organic matter digestibility of K+, K-, P1, and P2 was 74.247; 74.310; 73.916; 73.804 respectively. The results of this study indicated that there were significant differences (p <0.05) in the treatment and control group.
Diversity of holothuroidea by spicule type in the intertidal zone of Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Yunita N , Amalia A , Ponkiyawati F A , Janah L N , Khasanah L U , Gavintri M B , Nurahmah Z , Khalallia F B R , Epilurahman R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Holothuroidea are common individuals of benthic communities in numerous marine biological systems. They work as supplement recyclers and bioturbators of delicate bottoms and are preyed upon by fishes, birds, mollusks, crustaceans, and other taxa. Sepanjang Beach has a coral community composed of coral reefs and dominated by algae in the surface, which is a habitat for a variety of complex and diverse benthic invertebrates, one of which is holothuroidea. However, little is known about the diversity of holothurians in the area. From 2014 to 2015 there were 5 species found on Sepanjang coast, namely Holothuria leucospilota, Actinopyga echinites, Stichopus horren, Holothuria scabra, and Holothuria hilla. Samples were collected on June 9, 2021 at Sepanjang Beach using the purposive random sampling method and identified based on the type of spicules taken on the dorsal and ventral integument. The results obtained found 7 species, namely Holothuria papilifera, Holothuria cinerascens, Holothuria impatiens, Holothuria pardalis, Actinopyga miliaris, Holothuria hilla, and Actinopyga sp. The absence of previous records of these species may be associated with their low densities and cryptic habits. This research acts to fill knowledge about distribution and diversity of holothurians in the south coast of java island, especially Sepanjang beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.
The Growth and Bacteriocin Productions of Enterococcus Faecium Cultured in Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions
Authors: Ali Muhamad , Artha Melinda Sanggu , Suryadi Muhamad Aidil Fadjar , Kisworo Djoko , Amin Muhamad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bacteriocins are antimicrobial compounds produced by diverse members of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Bacteriocins can be used as food bio preservatives to increase the shelf life of food naturally by preventing or killing foodborne pathogens. One of the lactic acid bacteria that produce bacteriocin is Enterococcus faecium. Some LAB grown on semi-synthetic complex media such as MRS (de Mann Rogosa Sharpe) can make a high population of bacterial cells and relatively large bacteriocins. This study aimed to observe the growth of E. faecium on MRS and LB media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Cultures were performed for 4.5h, 5h, 5.5h, 6h, 6.5h, and 7h. The amount of bacteriocin produced was investigated by SDS-PAGE. Meanwhile, the inhibitory activity was measured against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). The results showed that E. faecium grew better in deMan Rogosa Sharp (MRS) medium under anaerobic conditions than in MRS medium under aerobic conditions as well as Luria Bertani (LB) media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The SDS-PAGE results showed a protein band measuring about 90 kDa, which was thought to be a bacteriocin. The inhibition test showed a clear zone in the LM culture, which indicated that the bacteria produced bacteriocins that could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
The Ecological Habitat of Spiny Lobster (Panulirus spp.): Case Study on Lobster Fishing Ground in Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Amin Muhamad , Fitria Anis , Muslichah Nur Aini , Musdalifah Laila 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The high market demand for baby lobster (Panulirus spp.) so far has been only met by natural catches. On the other hand, the recruitment rate for the lobster seeds in nature is very small (<0.1%). To prevent this from happening, a breakthrough in lobster hatchery technology must be developed immediately. A starting point to develop a lobster hatchery is to know the natural habitat of lobster peurulii and imitate it to provide a suitable environment for their indoor culture. Therefore, this research aimed at investigating the natural habitat of spiny lobster at one of the most common fishing grounds for spiny lobster in East Java, which is Kili-Kili Bay, Karang Gongso, Trenggalek Regency. The measured parameters were mostly focused on physical characteristics including the substrate, DO, transparency, dissolved oxygen salinity, temperature and depth in the waters. The results showed Kili-Lili Bay had in general 18-25 m depth, the salinity of 30-35 ppt, temperature 27-29°C, dissolved oxygen of 5-6.7 and transparency of 5-6,5 m, and sandy substrate. These results can be used as preliminary knowledge to build an artificial environment for lobster hatchery indoors.