bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of ceRNA networks during mechanical tension‐induced osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Wang Wenfang , Li Ning , Wang Meijuan , Zhao Yunshan , Wu Hao , Shi Jingyi , Musa Mazen , Chen Xi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms underlying osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under mechanical tension remain unclear. This study aimed to identify a potential long non‐coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs)/circular RNAs (circRNAs)‐microRNAs (miRNAs)‐messenger RNAs (mRNAs) network in mechanical tension‐induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. PDLSCs were isolated from the healthy human periodontal ligament, identified, cultured, and exposed to tensile force. The expression of osteogenic markers was examined, and whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify the expression patterns of lncRNA, circRNA, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Enrichment analyses were also performed. Candidate targets of differentially expressed non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) were predicted, and potential competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed by Cytoscape. We found that the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was significantly enhanced under dynamic tension (magnitude: 12%, frequency: 0.7 Hz). Overall, 344 lncRNAs, 57 miRNAs, 41 circRNAs, and 70 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the tension group and the control group. Functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in osteogenesis‐related and mechanical stress‐related biological processes and signal transduction pathways (e.g., tumor necrosis factor [TNF] and Hippo signaling pathways). The lncRNA/circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA networks were depicted, and potential key ceRNA networks were identified. Our findings may help to further explore the underlying regulatory mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under mechanical tensile stress.
Predicting the effects of climate change on deep‐water coral distribution around New Zealand—Will there be suitable refuges for protection at the end of the 21st century?
Authors: Anderson Owen F. , Stephenson Fabrice , Behrens Erik , Rowden Ashley A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeep‐water corals are protected in the seas around New Zealand by legislation that prohibits intentional damage and removal, and by marine protected areas where bottom trawling is prohibited. However, these measures do not protect them from the impacts of a changing climate and ocean acidification. To enable adequate future protection from these threats we require knowledge of the present distribution of corals and the environmental conditions that determine their preferred habitat, as well as the likely future changes in these conditions, so that we can identify areas for potential refugia. In this study, we built habitat suitability models for 12 taxa of deep‐water corals using a comprehensive set of sample data and predicted present and future seafloor environmental conditions from an earth system model specifically tailored for the South Pacific. These models predicted that for most taxa there will be substantial shifts in the location of the most suitable habitat and decreases in the area of such habitat by the end of the 21st century, driven primarily by decreases in seafloor oxygen concentrations, shoaling of aragonite and calcite saturation horizons, and increases in nitrogen concentrations. The current network of protected areas in the region appear to provide little protection for most coral taxa, as there is little overlap with areas of highest habitat suitability, either in the present or the future. We recommend an urgent re‐examination of the spatial distribution of protected areas for deep‐water corals in the region, utilising spatial planning software that can balance protection requirements against value from fishing and mineral resources, take into account the current status of the coral habitats after decades of bottom trawling, and consider connectivity pathways for colonisation of corals into potential refugia.
Ageing, sexualities and place: Aligning the geographies of gerontology and sexualities
Authors: Gorman‐Murray Andrew , Sullivan Corrinne , Baganz Emilie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe spatial studies of both sexualities and gerontology have been established as subfields within the discipline of geography, but there are few studies that combine both strands of literature and examine old age and sexualities from a spatial perspective. Our aim is to highlight the contribution geographers can make to this research, which is based on the assertion that experiences of both ageing and sexualities are intrinsically linked to place. We first outline the subfields of sexualities and gerontology within geography and then review the work that has drawn on both of those literatures–within and beyond geography–with a focus on LGBTIQ+ older adults. We then propose a number of spatial enquiries into ageing and sexualities that will enable a better understanding of the spatial uses, needs and preferences of the older LGBTIQ+ population. The proposed areas of research include: generational changes and relations with gay communities, spaces and neighbourhoods; retirement migration; aged‐care facilities and services; ageing‐in‐place and in‐home care; lesbians, queer women and ageing; trans* ageing; Indigeneity; intersectionality; and digital spaces. We argue that advancing this research will contribute to the establishment of a queer geographical gerontology that enhances our understanding of older LGBTIQ+ adults and their lifeworlds.
Innovations in thoracic imaging: CT, radiomics, AI and x‐ray velocimetry
Authors: Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Fouras Andreas , Jacobs Colin , Papanikolaou Nickolas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, pulmonary imaging has seen enormous progress, with the introduction, validation and implementation of new hardware and software. There is a general trend from mere visual evaluation of radiological images to quantification of abnormalities and biomarkers, and assessment of ‘non visual’ markers that contribute to establishing diagnosis or prognosis. Important catalysts to these developments in thoracic imaging include new indications (like computed tomography [CT] lung cancer screening) and the COVID‐19 pandemic. This review focuses on developments in CT, radiomics, artificial intelligence (AI) and x‐ray velocimetry for imaging of the lungs. Recent developments in CT include the potential for ultra‐low‐dose CT imaging for lung nodules, and the advent of a new generation of CT systems based on photon‐counting detector technology. Radiomics has demonstrated potential towards predictive and prognostic tasks particularly in lung cancer, previously not achievable by visual inspection by radiologists, exploiting high dimensional patterns (mostly texture related) on medical imaging data. Deep learning technology has revolutionized the field of AI and as a result, performance of AI algorithms is approaching human performance for an increasing number of specific tasks. X‐ray velocimetry integrates x‐ray (fluoroscopic) imaging with unique image processing to produce quantitative four dimensional measurement of lung tissue motion, and accurate calculations of lung ventilation.
The digital peregrine: A technonatural history of a cosmopolitan raptor
Authors: Searle Adam , Turnbull Jonathon , Adams William M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHumans, non‐human animals, and technologies are increasingly entangled. Using the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) as an illustrative example, we propose ‘technonatural history’ as a theoretical and methodological approach for observing, describing, and examining the role technologies play in shaping human relations with other species. After nearing extinction in the 20th century, peregrines have become woven into the fabric of everyday urban life and are a frequently sighted urban raptor in the UK, nesting on high‐rise buildings and church spires since the late 1990s. Their unexpected presence in cities symbolises hope for multispecies conviviality amid the contemporary ecological crisis. As their populations resurged, crucially, webcam and livestreaming technologies developed rapidly. Peregrines were one of the first animals to be broadcast over the internet via ‘nestcams’, granting broad publics access to their intimate lives. We examine the related technological histories of livestreaming technologies and natural histories of peregrine falcons in the UK, tracing the emergence of ‘the digital peregrine’ and its manifold implications for more‐than‐human and digital geographies. To do so, we build on oral history interviews with people associated with digital peregrines throughout the UK: nestcam technicians, peregrine conservationists, professional ecologists, activists, and citizen scientists. While digitisation brings broad publics closer to these cosmopolitan raptors, they can only ever grasp at the wildness of peregrine falcons and their wider milieus as the digital peregrine is a distinct entity, encountered via its own set of affects and affordances. In the peregrine's case, digital technologies create unexpected and radical opportunities for urban conviviality, signalling the positive potentials technologies host for forging meaningful more‐than‐human connections.
Comparative analysis on metabolites and gene expression difference of various allelopathic potential rice under weed stress
Authors: Zhang Qi , Lin Shunxian , Zhang Qingxu , Wang Peng , Wang Haibin , He Haibin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, allelopathic rice ‘PI312777’ (PI) and non‐allelopathic rice ‘Lemont’ (LE) were used to study gene expression related to secondary metabolism and relative metabolites in soil under field conditions with and without weeding. The results showed that the inhibition rates of PI and LE soils to barnyard grass were significantly increased under weed stress. The inhibition rate of phenolic acid extracts in PI rhizosphere soils was significantly higher (p < 0.05) without the weeding treatment than with the weeding treatment; however, it was not significantly different in LE rhizosphere soils. There were no significant differences in the inhibition rates of other soil extracts (terpenoids, alkaloids and fatty acids) of PI and LE in treatments with and without weeding. Under weed stress, six genes (PAL, C4H, F5H, COMT, CCR and CAD) related to phenolic acid metabolism were upregulated in the leaves and roots of PI, while only four of the six genes were upregulated and two genes were downregulated in LE. The genes related to terpenoid metabolism (seven genes), alkaloid metabolism (three genes) and fatty acid metabolism (two genes) were upregulated in the roots and leaves of PI and LE under weed stress, but the differences were not significant. These results suggest that the increase in phenolic acids in the presence of weeds under field conditions contributed the majority of the inhibition effect in rice allelopathy.
Improvements on new quantum key agreement protocol with five-qubit Brown states
Authors: Karim Faten , Abulkasim Hussein , Alabdulkreem Eatedal , Ahmed Nada , Jamjoom Mona , Abbas Safia 
Published: August 2022

Recently, Cao et al. [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950332 (2019)] presented a two-party quantum key agreement scheme using the five-qubit Brown states and the decoy protocol. They also extended their scheme to the multiparty case, and it was compared with existing works. The authors also introduced the security analysis that proves the security of their protocol against outsider and insider attacks. However, this work shows that the quantum Cao et al. [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950332 (2019)] protocol fails to fulfill one of the most significant conditions of the quantum key agreement, which is fairness. The computed final key by the users does not have the same level of security, and the protection of users’ private data is not maintained equally. Finally, an improved version of Cao et al.’s protocol has been suggested.
Osteoid Osteoma of Scaphoid Treated with Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: SANGWAN Ankit , GOYAL Ankur , GAMANAGATTI Shivanand , ANSARI Mohammed T. 
Published: August 2022

Osteoid osteoma is one of the commonest benign bone tumour of adolescence. Diagnosis is based upon the typical clinical features, site of occurrence and imaging findings. Occurrence of this lesion in an atypical site is associated with delay in diagnosis and challenges in management. We present a rare case of osteoid osteoma in scaphoid in a 14-year-old girl. Comprehensive work-up using radiograph, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and Tc99-multidetector methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scan was used to make the correct diagnosis over other conditions with similar presentation like de Quervain tenosynovitis, intersection syndrome and inflammatory arthropathies. We also describe the treatment using CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of this lesion and a brief literature review regarding the incidence of this lesion and treatment options available. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Coexisting Alterations of MHC Class I Antigen Presentation and IFNγ Signaling Mediate Acquired Resistance of Melanoma to Post–PD-1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Nielsen Morten , Presti Mario , Sztupinszki Zsofia , Jensen Agnete Witness Præst , Draghi Arianna , Chamberlain Christopher Aled , Schina Aimilia , Yde Christina Westmose , Wojcik John , Szallasi Zoltan , Crowther Michael Douglas , Svane Inge Marie , Donia Marco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Responses to immunotherapy can be very durable but acquired resistance leading to tumor progression often occurs. We investigated a patient with melanoma resistant to anti–programmed death 1 (anti–PD-1) who participated in the CA224-020 clinical trial (NCT01968109) and had further progression after an initial objective response to anti–PD-1 plus anti–lymphocyte activation gene 3. We found consecutive acquisition of beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) loss and impaired Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) signaling that coexisted in progressing tumor cells. Functional analyses revealed a pan T-cell immune escape phenotype, where distinct alterations mediated independent immune resistance to tumor killing by autologous CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL; B2M loss) and CD4+ TILs (impaired JAK1 signaling). These findings shed light on the complexity of acquired resistance to immunotherapy in the post anti–PD-1 setting, indicating that coexisting altered pathways can lead to pan T-cell immune escape.
Mitigating the effects of road construction on arboreal Japanese mammals: benefits for both wildlife and people
Authors: Minato Shusaku , Otake Koichi , Iwamoto Kazuaki , Aiba Haruka , Sonoda Yoichi , Oda Shinji , Komatsu Hiroyuki , Iwabuchi Manami , Sato Yoshiharu , Sechibaru Junko , Yoshida Mieko , Okuda Atsuhiro , Yamamoto Osamu , Iwamoto Sayo , Kobayashi Yoshito , Fujiyama Kazuo , Kinoshita Tsuyoshi , Iijima Sho , Kagawa Hiroyuki , Kamimura Kouji , Nunome Mitsuo , Wakabayashi Chigako , Asari Yushin , Tamura Noriko , Morris Pat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fragmentation of forest habitat has negative effects on arboreal mammals, compromising their natural dispersal and foraging movements. This paper describes an evolving series of mitigation measures aimed at creating cost-effective continuity pathways for arboreal mammals in Japan. The projects have focused on the endemic Japanese dormouse (Glirulus japonicus) a scarce, but popular and iconic species which provides an effective vehicle for environmental education and public engagement.
“Bringing you the Best”: John Player & Sons, Cricket, and the Politics of Tobacco Sport Sponsorship in Britain, 1969–1986
Authors: O’Neill Daniel , Greenwood Anna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article explores some of the marketing strategies associated with the British tobacco industry’s sponsorship of sport during the 1960s and 1970s. It focuses on the British cigarette and tobacco manufacturer John Player & Sons and the firm’s pioneering initiative to sponsor one-day cricket, which began with the John Player League in 1969. The league was enormously popular and gained significant broadcast coverage, becoming an invaluable means of increasing public exposure for the company, in the context of the ban of cigarette advertising from British television. At a time when the link between smoking and disease was making headlines, John Player & Sons nimbly deflected attention away from the health issue, and instead consciously repositioned the tobacco company as a generous benefactor of the nation’s sport and leisure. Less conspicuously, but even more powerfully, spokespeople for the tobacco industry actively mobilised influential opinion behind the scenes in political circles. We show particularly how Denis Howell, Minister for Sport from 1964 to 1969 and from 1974 to 1979, became a valuable ally, acting as a bulwark against more restrictive government interventions into the sponsorship of sports by the tobacco industry. This alliance exposes changing industry–government relations and presents new historical context to better understand the way British tobacco manufacturers proactively sought to elide restrictions on their advertising activities from the 1980s onwards.
Quantifying Uncertainty in Ice Particle Velocity–Dimension Relationships Using MC3E Observations
Authors: Dzambo Andrew M. , McFarquhar Greg , Finlon Joseph A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ice particle terminal fall velocity (Vt) is fundamental for determining microphysical processes, yet remains extremely challenging to measure. Current theoretical best estimates of Vt are functions of Reynolds number. The Reynolds number is related to the Best number, which is a function of ice particle mass, area ratio (Ar), and maximum dimension (Dmax). These estimates are not conducive for use in most models since model parameterizations often take the form , where (α, β) depend on habit and Dmax. A previously developed framework is used to determine surfaces of equally plausible (α, β) coefficients whereby ice particle size/shape distributions are combined with Vt best estimates to determine mass- (VM) or reflectivity-weighted (VZ) velocities that closely match parameterized VM,SD or VZ,SD calculated using the (α, β) coefficients using two approaches. The first uses surfaces of equally plausible (a, b) coefficients describing mass (M)–dimension relationships (i.e., ) to calculate mass- or reflectivity-weighted velocity from size/shape distributions that are then used to determine (α, β) coefficients. The second investigates how uncertainties in Ar, Dmax, and size distribution N(D) affect VM or VZ. For seven of nine flight legs flown on 20 and 23 May 2011 during the Mesoscale Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E), uncertainty from natural parameter variability—namely, the variability in ice particle parameters in similar meteorological conditions—exceeds uncertainties arising from different Ar assumptions or Dmax estimates. The combined uncertainty between Ar, Dmax, and N(D) produced smaller variability in (α, β) compared to varying M(D), demonstrating M(D) must be accurately quantified for model fall velocities. Primary sources of uncertainty vary considerably depending on environmental conditions.

Significance Statement
Ice particle fall velocity is fundamental for numerous processes within clouds, and hence is a critical property that must be accurately represented in weather and climate models. Using aircraft observations of ice particle shapes and sizes obtained in clouds behind midlatitude thunderstorms, this work develops a new framework for estimating ice particle fall velocities and their uncertainty, including quantifying the importance of different uncertainty sources from cloud microphysics measurements. Natural parameter variability contributes the most uncertainty in ice particle fall velocity estimates, although other sources can also be important contributors to uncertainty in certain conditions. Additional work examining ice particle data is needed to further understand how dependent uncertainty in certain ice particle properties are to local environmental conditions.
En-GARD: A Statistical Downscaling Framework to Produce and Test Large Ensembles of Climate Projections
Authors: Gutmann Ethan D. , Hamman Joseph. J. , Clark Martyn P. , Eidhammer Trude , Wood Andrew W. , Arnold Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Statistical processing of numerical model output has been a part of both weather forecasting and climate applications for decades. Statistical techniques are used to correct systematic biases in atmospheric model outputs and to represent local effects that are unresolved by the model, referred to as downscaling. Many downscaling techniques have been developed, and it has been difficult to systematically explore the implications of the individual decisions made in the development of downscaling methods. Here we describe a unified framework that enables the user to evaluate multiple decisions made in the methods used to statistically postprocess output from weather and climate models. The Ensemble Generalized Analog Regression Downscaling (En-GARD) method enables the user to select any number of input variables, predictors, mathematical transformations, and combinations for use in parametric or nonparametric downscaling approaches. En-GARD enables explicitly predicting both the probability of event occurrence and the event magnitude. Outputs from En-GARD include errors in model fit, enabling the production of an ensemble of projections through sampling of the probability distributions of each climate variable. We apply En-GARD to regional climate model simulations to evaluate the relative importance of different downscaling method choices on simulations of the current and future climate. We show that choice of predictor variables is the most important decision affecting downscaled future climate outputs, while having little impact on the fidelity of downscaled outcomes for current climate. We also show that weak statistical relationships prevent such approaches from predicting large changes in extreme events on a daily time scale.
Analysis of Displacement Performance for a Horizontal Flowthrough Sequence Water Sampler
Authors: Fang Yuanli , Wu Yiping , Huang Haocai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The research on deep-sea hydrothermal fluids, cold springs, and other bottom water bodies has important implications for ecosystems. But the deep-sea environment is very harsh, and many existing sampling devices cannot meet the requirements in terms of sampling purity and gas preservation capabilities. Many current samplers are basically arranged in a vertical manner, which means that a set of trigger devices need to be installed at the entrance and exit of the sampling channel, which consumes a lot of space. Taking the flowthrough deep-seawater sequence sampling mechanism as the research object, we show a horizontal flowthrough water sampler. Through numerical simulation and experimental research on the displacement mechanism of the target sample and prefilled pure water, the displacement efficiencies under different flow velocities and sampling cavity shapes were obtained. The results confirmed that the positions of the inlet and outlet and the shapes of the sampling cavity have little influence on the displacement efficiencies at high flow rates. However, installing the inlet below the sampling cavity and installing the outlet above the sampling cavity can significantly reduce the blind area of displacement. Setting a small inclination angle to the capsule sampling cavity helps to improve the displacement effect at low flow rates. This design and research results not only simplified the complicated trigger mechanism of the traditional vertical water samplers, but also provided a reference for the operation modes of the samplers under different sample conditions.