bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative chloroplast genome analyses of cultivated spinach and two wild progenitors shed light on the phylogenetic relationships and variation
Authors: She Hongbing , Liu Zhiyuan , Xu Zhaosheng , Zhang Helong , Cheng Feng , Wu Jian , Wang Xiaowu , Qian Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpinacia is a genus of important leafy vegetable crops worldwide and includes cultivated Spinacia oleracea and two wild progenitors, Spinacia turkestanica and Spinacia tetrandra. However, the chloroplast genomes of the two wild progenitors remain unpublished, limiting our knowledge of chloroplast genome evolution among these three Spinacia species. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast genomes of S. oleracea, S. turkestanica, and S. tetrandra obtained via Illumina sequencing. The three chloroplast genomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure and were 150,739, 150,747, and 150,680 bp in size, respectively. Only three variants were identified between S. oleracea and S. turkestanica, whereas 690 variants were obtained between S. oleracea and S. tetrandra, strongly demonstrating the close relationship between S. turkestanica and S. oleracea. This was further supported by phylogenetic analysis. We reported a comprehensive variant dataset including 503 SNPs and 83 Indels using 85 Spinacia accessions containing 61 S. oleracea, 16 S. turkestanica, and eight S. tetrandra accessions. Thirteen S. oleracea accessions were derived through introgression from S. turkestanica that acts as the maternal parent. Together, these results provide a valuable resource for spinach breeding programs and improve our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within Amaranthaceae.
Rapid design and implementation of a UVC decontamination room
Authors: Hummel Andrew , Ergai Awatef , Spiva LeeAnna , Toney Sharlene , Crawford Austin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the recent COVID-19 pandemic that has swept the world and the nation, hospitals around the country have experienced shortages in Personal Protective Equipment, specifically N95 filter face-mask respirators (FFRs). This has created the need for facilities to develop sterilization processes to enable reuse of face masks by the health care personnel. Among the various methods of sterilization, UVC light exposure is the easiest to implement given the factors of time, safety, and availability. Face masks and/or other PPE are exposed to UVC light for a specified time to kill any viruses or bacteria that may reside on the surfaces of the masks. A collaborative effort was formed in April of 2020 between Wellstar Health System and Kennesaw State University to (1) setup an appropriate sterilization room at a Wellstar hospital (2) develop the procedural guidelines necessary to ensure quality control and (3) assess employees’ perceptions of the N95 FFR decontamination process and efficacy. This paper will first describe the methodology used to validate the layout of the room, which consists of a rudimentary analytical analysis of the UVC photon intensity from bulb-to-mask, computer simulations to determine the lighting power density throughout the room, and experimental measurements to confirm the appropriate energy deposition. This paper will then document the procedures for handling and processing the pre- and post-sterilized masks followed by employee survey findings. It is the hope of the authors that this paper will serve to provide a generic blueprint for hospitals and other organizations to follow if a future need arises for rapid UVC decontamination.
Higher-order structures of the foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase required for genome replication
Authors: Loundras Eleni-Anna , Streetley James , Herod Morgan R. , Thompson Rebecca , Harris Mark , Bhella David , Stonehouse Nicola J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReplication of many positive-sense RNA viruses occurs within intracellular membrane-associated compartments. These are thought to provide a favourable environment for replication to occur, concentrating essential viral structural and nonstructural components, as well as protecting these components from host-cell pathogen recognition and innate immune responses. However, the details of the molecular interactions and dynamics within these structures is very limited. One of the key components of the replication machinery is the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RdRp. This enzyme has been shown to form higher-order fibrils in vitro. Here, using the RdRp from foot-and-mouth disease virus (termed 3Dpol), we report fibril structures, solved at ~7-9 Å resolution by cryo-EM, revealing multiple conformations of a flexible assembly. Fitting high-resolution coordinates led to the definition of potential intermolecular interactions. We employed mutagenesis using a sub-genomic replicon system to probe the importance of these interactions for replication. We use these data to propose models for the role of higher-order 3Dpol complexes as a dynamic scaffold within which RNA replication can occur.
The VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars
Authors: Lennon D. J. , Dufton P. L. , Villaseñor J. I. , Evans C. J. , Langer N. , Saxton R. , Monageng I. M. , Toonen S. 
Published: January 2022

Context. NGC 2004#115 was classified as a single lined Be spectroscopic binary in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Its Hα morphology is reminiscent of the Galactic systems LB-1 and HR 6819, both of which are proposed as either Be+BH or Be+stripped He-star systems.
Aims. Multi-epoch optical spectra of NGC 2004#115 are used to determine if this binary can be explained by either of these two scenarios, and hence shed additional light on these interesting systems.
Methods. VLT-FLAMES and SALT-HRS data covering a baseline of ∼20 years were analyzed to determine radial velocities and orbital parameters, while non-LTE model atmospheres were used to determine stellar parameters and the relative brightness of the system components. Archive MACHO, Gaia, and XMM-Newton data provide additional constraints on the system.
Results. NGC 2004#115 is found to be a triple system consisting of an inner binary with a period P = 2.92 d, eccentricity e ∼ 0.0, and mass function f = 0.07 M⊙. The only firmly detected star in this inner binary is a B2 star, the primary, with a projected rotational velocity (ve sin i) of 10 km s−1 and a luminosity of log L/L⊙ = 3.87. It contributes ∼60% of the total V-band light, with the tertiary contributing the other ∼40% of the light, while the secondary is not detected in the optical spectrum. The possibility that the primary is a low mass inflated stripped star is excluded since its Roche radius would be smaller than its stellar radius in such a compact system. A main sequence star of mass 8.6 M⊙ is therefore inferred; however, the assumption of synchronous rotation leads to a secondary mass in excess of 25 M⊙, which would therefore be a black hole. The tertiary is detected as a fainter blended component to the hydrogen and helium lines, which is consistent with a slightly less massive B-type star, though with ve sin i ∼ 300 km s−1. The data do not permit the characterization of the outer period, though it likely exceeds 120 days and is therefore in a stable configuration. The disk-like emission is variable, but may be associated with the inner binary rather than the rapidly rotating tertiary. XMM-Newton provides an upper limit of 5 × 1033 ergs s−1 in the 0.2–12 keV band which is consistent with, though not constraining, the system hosting a quiescent B+BH binary. A number of caveats to this scenario are discussed.
The NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zeldovich Large Program: Precise galaxy cluster physics for an accurate cluster-based cosmology
Authors: Perotto L. , Adam R. , Ade P. , Ajeddig H. , André P. , Arnaud M. , Artis E. , Aussel H. , Bartalucci I. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Berta S. , Bing L. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , Ferragamo A. , Gomez A. , Goupy J. , Kéruzoré F. , Kramer C. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J.-F. , Maury A. , Mauskopf P. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Paliwal A. , Pisano G. , Pointecouteau E. , Ponthieu N. , Pratt G.W. , Revéret V. , Rigby A. J. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Ruppin F. , Schuster K. , Shu S. , Sievers A. , Tucker C. , Yepes G. 
Published: January 2022

The NIKA2 Guaranteed-Time SZ Large Program (LPSZ) is dedicated to the high-angular resolution SZ mapping of a representative sample of 45 SZ-selected galaxy clusters drawn from the catalogues of the Planck satellite, or of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The LPSZ sample spans a mass range from 3 to 11 × 1014M⊙ and a redshift range from 0:5 to 0:9, extending to higher redshift and lower mass the previous samples dedicated to the cluster mass calibration and universal properties estimation. The main goals of the LPSZ are the measurement of the average radial profile of the ICM pressure up to R500 by combining NIKA2 with Planck or ACT data, and the estimation of the scaling law between the SZ observable and the mass using NIKA2, XMM-Newton and Planck/ACT data. Furthermore, combining LPSZ data with existing or forthcoming public data in lensing, optical/NIR or radio domains, we will build a consistent picture of the cluster physics and further gain knowledge on the mass estimate as a function of the cluster morphology and dynamical state.
We give an overview of the LPSZ, present recent results and discuss the future implication for cosmology with galaxy clusters.
Approaching Combined Rectal and Vaginal Prolapse
Authors: Wallace Shannon , Gurland Brooke 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCombined rectal prolapse and pelvic organ prolapse surgery provides significant quality-of-life benefits with improvements in bothersome symptoms of pain, bulge, constipation, urinary retention, as well as bowel and bladder incontinence. Robotic surgery is the ideal tool for a combined surgical repair. It allows enhanced suturing in the deep pelvis, three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the presacral space and easy mobilization of the rectum and dissection of the vagina. Combined procedures can be offered to patients with the advantages of a single operation and concurrent recovery period without increasing complications. In this article, we highlight our approach to combined prolapse repair.
The Essential Role of a Multidisciplinary Approach in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Combined Medical-Surgical Treatment in Complex Perianal Fistulas in CD
Authors: Geldof Jeroen , Iqbal Nusrat , Warusavitarne Janindra , Hart Ailsa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPerianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) represents a challenging and complex disease phenotype. Patients typically suffer a more severe disease course than those without perianal complications and are often managing debilitating symptoms. Etiology is understood to be multifactorial, with genetic predisposition, microbiological insult, aberrant immunity, and mechanical factors all implicated. As a result, multimodal treatment strategies must be employed to achieve disease control and fistula closure. This requires the complimentary involvement of medical and surgical disciplines in order to ensure thorough assessment and treatment tailored to the individual scenario and patient goals. The aim of this article is to describe an overview of the various treatment strategies available for PFCD, focusing on how a synergistic approach is required to ensure maximal chances of success.
Severe Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Leading to Dialysis Occurring in a Patient with Near-Normal Baseline Creatinine Undergoing CT Angiography Using Intravenous Contrast Only
Authors: Movahed Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2022

AbstractContrast-induced nephropathy can be a major health issue in patients undergoing iodinated contrast exposure. Recently a published paper misleadingly suggested that intravenous administration of iodinated contrast is not a significant cause of contrast-induced nephropathy. This contrasts with previous studies and clinical observations of numerous contrast-induced nephropathy cases occurring in the setting of intravenous contrast exposure. A severe cause of contrast-induced nephropathy is presented occurring in a patient with near-normal creatinine receiving intravenous contrast only leading to dialysis and near death.
Patient-Reported Symptoms after Midfacial Trauma
Authors: Pauli Nina , Grinups Martina , Folkestad Lena , Gudnadottir Gunnhildur 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground The aim of this study was to assess patient-reported symptoms and health-related quality of life, 12 to 24 months after injury in patients with midfacial fractures.Methods Patients diagnosed with midfacial fractures were assessed regarding symptoms related to the fracture as well as assessment of the patients overall health-related quality of life using the Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire (GTQ), the Folkestad facial trauma questionnaire, and EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D). Questionnaires were distributed to the study patients 12 to 24 months after the trauma. Medical records were retrospectively surveyed for age, gender, trauma etiology, date of injury, fracture classification, treatment regimen, and time of surgery.Results Sixty-seven percent of the study group reports sensibility disturbance in the face 12 to 24 months after trauma and 52% reported cosmetic consequences related to the trauma. Numbness in the face was the symptom reported to be most disturbing for the patients. Few of the patients reported severe jaw-related problems, problems with muscular tension, or eating limitation according to the validated questionnaire GTQ.Conclusion Sensibility disturbance remains a significant and common symptom 12 to 24 months after midfacial trauma. There is a need for a validated patient-reported outcome instrument for facial trauma that covers multiple aspects of facial trauma such as vision disturbance and diplopia, jaw-related problems, and facial pain as well as sensibility disturbance and cosmetic consequences.
Unexplained dissociation pathways of two-body fragmentation of methane dication
Authors: Rajput Jyoti , Garg Diksha , Cassimi A. , Méry A. , Fléchard X. , Rangama J. , Guillous S. , Iskandar W. , Agnihotri A. N. , Matsumoto J. , Ahuja R. , Safvan C. P. 
Published: January 2022

The ion-induced fragmentation of CH42+ into H+ and CH3+ is studied using a cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy in coincidence with the charge state of the post-collision projectile. Using constant velocity Ar9+ and N3+, results from four different datasets are presented, with a selection on the final charge state of the projectile (Ar8+ or Ar7+ and N2+ or N+). Three distinct dissociation pathways (I, II, and III) are observed for each dataset, with the mean kinetic energy release values of around 4.7, 5.8, and 7.9 eV, respectively. The electronic states that are populated correspond to electronic configurations (1t2)−2 and (2a1)−1(1t2)−1 of the methane dication, CH42+. The relative branching ratios between the three pathways are discussed as a function of the charge state of the post-collision projectile, and a strong correlation with the specific nature of the ion–molecule interaction is found. The existing ab initio calculations have provided an explanation only for pathway II. In this article, we propose an explanation for pathway III, but pathway I still remains unexplained and requires further theoretical efforts. A discussion of the dependence of dissociation on the mode of excitation is presented.
Why are they so similar?
Authors: Lorenz Eliane , Toprak-Yildiz Tugba Elif , Siemund Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between (extra)linguistic variables and proficiency in a foreign
language. Based on 1,403 secondary school students in Germany (age 12/13 and 14/15), we assess whether proficiency in German, if
applicable also Russian or Turkish, cognitive ability, school type, gender, socio-economic status, self-concept, motivation, and
self-assessment function differently in predicting English language proficiency when monolingual German learners of English
(n = 849) are compared to their bilingual peers (Russian-German: n = 236; Turkish-German:
n = 318). Two comprehensive structural equation models capture the multitude of factors influencing foreign
language acquisition and contribute to the discussion on multilingual advantages or effects. The results reveal that most
variables are statistically significant, but the models function comparably across the three language groups with only minor
contrasts regarding effect sizes. We submit that the three language groups are more similar than different and that the heritage
languages Russian and Turkish add comparatively little to predicting English language proficiency.
Fabrication of highly lattice mismatched AlInSb diodes on GaAs substrates for thermophotovoltaic cells
Authors: Fujita H , Yasuda D , Morohara O , Sakurai Y , Geka H , Inakazu A , Nakao T , Yamauchi T , Suzuki M , Kuze N , Sakurai T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We have fabricated and investigated the optical properties of highly lattice mismatched AlInSb thermophotovoltaic cells grown on GaAs substrates. Defects, such as dislocations and surface damage, were minimized by controlling the strain of the film structure and by using a silicon nitride passivation layer. An output power density of 9.7 mW cm−2 was achieved under 1000 °C blackbody radiation with an incident power density of 1.63 W cm−2, which gave a power conversion efficiency of 0.59 %. Optimal efficiency of above 5% was estimated by a simulation using recombination parameters obtained from electroluminescence analysis. Additionally, a six-fold increase in spectral efficiency was confirmed by using a 3.3 μm monochromatic light source, which indicated that a thermophotovoltaic cell with a high efficiency of more than 30% would be possible in combination with wavelength-selective emitter.
Weibel instability induced by kinetic stimulated Raman scattering in unmagnetized and magnetized plasmas
Authors: Zhou Y Z , Zheng C Y , Liu Z J , Cao L H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The kinetic stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is found to result in significant Weibel-generated magnetic fields via 2D particle-in-cell simulations. During the high-intensity laser pulse, the daughter electron plasma waves of SRS heat the electrons effectively and lead to anisotropy in the velocity space. This anisotropy results in the development of a quasi-static magnetic field near the laser speckle, and the growth rate has been discussed. The results show that the kinetic SRS can lead to an averaged magnetic field of more than 10 T, which can be an important magnetic field source in laser-plasma experiments. Besides, the energy of the Weibel-field undergoes an oscillatory rise with the SRS bursts and can be stable after cutting off the laser. Moreover, in the magnetized plasmas, the application of a longitudinal magnetic field enhances the SRS, but interestingly, it significantly reduces the growth rate of Weibel instability. Simulation results also indicate that a small transverse magnetic field can evidently change the motion of the hot electrons, which dramatically destroys the symmetry of the SRS and the Weibel-generated magnetic fields.
Modeling the Impact of Climate Change on General Flowering in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatera
Authors: Afifah H , Sunarya S , Dewi S P , Utoyo L , Sibarani M C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In Southeast Asian dipterocarp forests, a general flowering (GF) occurs at the multiannual interval. At this phenomenon, at least 40% of the trees in the stands flower in synchrony, dominated by the flowering of the Dipterocarpaceae family that hypothesized to be caused by changes in climate factors, especially ENSO. This study aimed to determine the pattern of flowering trees in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) and to determine a model for predicting flowering patterns associated with climatic factors in 2021-2050. Flowers and fruits were observed every month from February 1998 to September 2020 at Way Canguk Research Station, BBSNP. The climatic factors used were temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed, and the ENSO index. We used a generalized linear model to link climatic factors and flowering and model future flowering. The results showed no GF in BBSNP because the highest flower synchronization only reached 37.8%. The climatic factor with the highest coefficient was ENSO, but flowering was mostly influenced by fluctuations in climate factors, not its absolute value. The model estimated that the flowering in 2021 - 2050 will peak to 34.4% in December 2044 and further ensure good forest regeneration. Thus, BBSNP can still be suitable for conservation purposes.
Ecosystem services analysis as disaster prevention and protection functions in Bogor Regency, West Java
Authors: Munajati S L , Kartodihardjo H , Saleh M B , Nurwadjedi  
Published: January 2022

AbstractBogor Regency is vulnerable to multi-disaster-threats areas such as flood, erosion, and landslide. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ecosystem services in Bogor Regency. The aspect of ecosystem services is the function of prevention and protection from natural disasters. Land-use change and land facet maps are primary data used in determining the ecosystem services index of disaster prevention and protection. The SPOT 4, 6, and 7 were interpreted to determine changes in land use from 2010 to 2017. The land facet data was sourced from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). The analysis in this study was carryout by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) sourced from 35 contributors. The results showed that 8.94% of the total area of Bogor Regency had undergone land-use changes from 2010-2017. The most extensive land-use changes were plantation (2.65%) and farming fields (2.47%). The most vulnerable area to the threat of a multi-disaster is the eastern part of Bogor Regency. This area is already congested with settlements, so that the vulnerability and element at risk are fairly high. Meanwhile, results gained from the AHP show that forests play an important role in disasters prevention and protection in Bogor Regency.
Anticipate the impact of climate change at tidal swamplands through water management technology
Authors: Mawardi  , Khairullah I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Climate change significanly affects the production of agricultural commodities, including tidal swamplands. The current and future tidal swamplands have become one of the mainstay areas for agrarian commodity production due to the shrinking productive land. One of the keys to successful tidal swampland management is water management. In addition to increasing land productivity, water management can also reduce the impact of global climate change. Water management in agricultural development at tidal swampland needs to pay attention to the type of overflow, land typology, and land characteristics. Water management technology at recurrent event wetland embrace two-ways flow systems, unidirectional flow systems, one-way flow system and dam overflow conservation (SISTAK), water management for surjan, and shallow evacuation systems. the employment of this water management technologies depend upon the condition of water system within the fields. The water control era ought to enhance water first-class while mixed with different plant cultivation technological additives and it will likely be extra powerful in growing rice manufacturing at tidal swampland. This paper was a review of research results of water management technology in rice cultivation and its impact on increasing rice production.