bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brands in the eye of the storm: navigating political consumerism and boycott calls on social media
Authors: Dalakas Vassilis , Melancon Joanna Phillips , Szczytynski Izabela 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Given the division between conservative and liberal ideologies on many issues, brands navigate social media minefields whenever they take a social or political stance. This study aims to explore real-time social media consumer responses to eight US boycott threats, including both conservative-based and liberal-based calls for boycott.

Design/methodology/approach
A grounded theory analysis of approximately 800 tweets collected in the 24 h following each brand’s trigger event led to a framework of motivations for using social media to engage in boycott discussions over a brand’s political stance.

Findings
Eleven pro-boycott and 11 anti-boycott consumer profiles emerged across cases. Overarching motivations for pro- and anti-boycotters include a desire to cause/prevent change, seeking justice/fairness, self-enhancement and expression of hostility. Findings suggest that political consumerism occurs with differing motivations and varying levels of emotion, that brand defenders may lessen boycott effectiveness and that threats to boycott may not always translate to actual boycotts.

Originality/value
This paper explores actual consumer boycott calls from various industries as they unfolded in real-time, as opposed to other research that explores hypothetical boycotts or a single case study. Additionally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is among the first to explore how consumers enter the boycott conversation in defense of the brand and attempt to diffuse the call for a boycott.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and breastfeeding practices: A secondary analysis of data from the All Our Families Cohort
Authors: Horsley Kristin , Chaput Kathleen , Da Costa Deborah , Nguyen Tuong‐Vi , Dayan Natalie , Tomfohr‐Madsen Lianne , Tough Suzanne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionHypertensive disorders of pregnancy occur in approximately 7%–10% of pregnancies and are associated with adverse maternal cardiovascular health outcomes across the lifespan. In contrast, breastfeeding has been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular risk factors in a dose‐dependent manner. Despite the potential protective effects of lactation on cardiovascular risk, how hypertensive disorders of pregnancy relate to breastfeeding practices and experiences is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and breastfeeding outcomes in the first year postpartum.Material and methodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of prospective data from the All Our Families Cohort, a population‐based study conducted in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Women with a singleton pregnancy (n = 1418) who completed self‐report questionnaires at <25 weeks and 34–36 weeks of gestation, and 4 months and 12 months postpartum, and provided consent to link to electronic medical records that identified diagnoses of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (n = 122). Logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to model associations between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and breastfeeding outcomes. Outcomes included breastfeeding intention, intended duration, exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months, breastfeeding duration at 12 months and breastfeeding difficulties.ResultsHypertensive disorders of pregnancy were not associated with breastfeeding intention (odds ration [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–3.03, P = 0.57), intended breastfeeding duration (b = −3.28, 95% CI −7.04 to 0.48, P = 0.09), or initiation (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.29– 1.65, P = 0.32), but were associated with an increase in the odds of non‐exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months postpartum (OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.39–3.22, P < 0.001). Women with hypertensive disorders breastfed for 6.26 (95% CI −10.00 to −2.51, P < 0.001) weeks less over 12 months postpartum, had significantly higher odds of reporting insufficient milk supply (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.19–2.46, P < 0.05) and had lower odds of breast and/or nipple pain (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.44–0.92, P < 0.05) compared with those without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.ConclusionsHypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with altered breastfeeding practices and experiences during the first year postpartum. Further research is needed to examine biopsychosocial mechanisms through which hypertensive disorders associate with shorter breastfeeding duration, and to examine whether greater breastfeeding duration, intensity or exclusivity reduces short‐ or long‐term maternal cardiovascular risk.
Sources of excess steroid prescriptions and clinical adverse outcomes associated with steroid excess in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The Leeds IBD Steroids study
Authors: Rosiou Konstantina , Carbonell Jenelyn , Dolby Vivien , Monfared Niloufar , Raine Tim , Selinger Christian P. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryBackgroundCorticosteroids remain important for managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flares. Steroid excess, however, may be a marker of poor care. Patients access steroid prescriptions from primary (General Practitioners [GP]) or secondary care (hospital‐based). Sources of prescriptions and associated outcomes are not well described.MethodsPatients attending IBD clinics with linked primary care information were included. We examined appropriateness and timeliness of treatment escalation and avoidability of steroid excess in relation to prescription sources.ResultsOf 2246 patients, 33% were exposed to steroids over 2 years. Primary care issued 28% of prescriptions. Secondary care prescriptions were more often of appropriate dose and duration (85% vs 41%, p < 0.001). Further flares occurred in 50% of patients prescribed steroids from primary care (vs 39%; p = 0.003).Steroid excess was observed in 15%. Patients with steroid excess who received prescriptions from primary care that were not communicated to secondary care less often received timely treatment escalation (49% vs 66%, p = 0.042) and steroid excess was more often avoidable (73% vs 56%, p = 0.022).Patients with steroid excess had higher risks of hospitalisation for IBD (OR = 12.33, 95% CI [8.89–17.11]), hospitalisation for infections (OR = 2.89, 95% CI [1.82–4.61]) and GP prescribed antibiotics (OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.07–1.86]).ConclusionPatients commonly access steroids through primary care, but doses and durations are frequently inappropriate with patients more likely to flare. Steroid excess was associated with IBD admissions, admissions for infections and antibiotic prescriptions. Improved liaison between primary and secondary care is required to reduce steroid excess.
Histological study and immunohistochemical location of cytoskeletal proteins in the testis and epididymis of the three species of lizards of the family Leiosauridae (Reptilia: Squamata)
Authors: da Silveira Firmiano Enely Maris , Machado‐Santos Clarice , Ribeiro Ricardo Brito Amanda , de Sousa Bernadete Maria , Lima Pinheiro Nadja , das Neves Cardoso Nathália , Alves do Nascimento Aparecida 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe objective of the study was to histologically describe the structure of the testis and epididymis, identifying the GAGs in them. Furthermore, the distribution of smooth muscle alpha‐actin, desmin, and vimentin is described of E. bilineatus, E. perditus, and U. vautieri, through immunohistochemical method. Two adult males of each species of the lizards were collected in southeastern Brazil. In the testicular albuginea, the presence of neutral glycoproteins was detected. In E. bilineatus, the epididymal duct epithelium is simple, composed of secretory cells, cylindrical in shape and acidophilic cytoplasm. In the testis of the three lizards there was a positive immunolocation accentuated for α‐SMA in the dense connective tissue of the tunica albuginea. A moderate reaction was observed in the connective tissue albuginous and in the layer of smooth muscle fibers in a circumferential arrangement of the epididymal duct. The immunolocation for desmin was accentuated in the fibers of the testicular albuginea of E. bilineatus, while in U. vautier and E. perditus was moderate. In the epididymis, only in E. perditus and E. bilineatus positive immunoreaction was verified. In the three lizards there were no observations of immunostaining for vimentin with the antibody utilized.
Clinical implications and genetic features of clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance compared to lower‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Choi Eun‐Ji , Cho Young‐Uk , Hur Eun‐Hye , Park Han‐Seung , Choi Yunsuk , Lee Jung‐Hee , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung , Kim Miyoung , Hwang Sang‐Hyun , Jang Seongsoo , Park Chan‐Jeoung , Seo Eul‐Ju , Lee Je‐Hwan 
Published: May 2022

SummaryClonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is characterized by persistent cytopenias with genetic aberrations, which do not meet the diagnostic criteria for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We aimed to compare the clinical and genetic characteristics of CCUS with lower‐risk MDS and identify patients with CCUS with a high risk of progression. We performed targeted sequencing of bone marrow (BM) samples from patients with idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance (ICUS) (n = 139) and MDS (n = 226). Overall survival (OS) of patients with CCUS (n = 78) was worse than non‐clonal ICUS (n = 61) and superior to lower‐risk MDS (n = 99). Patients with CCUS showed similar characteristics to those with lower‐risk MDS, except for higher haemoglobin, lower BM cellularity, and less frequent SF3B1 mutations. Lower haemoglobin, DDX41 (biallelic germline and somatic), ETV6, and RUNX1 mutations were independent prognostic factors for worse OS. Lower haemoglobin and DDX41 mutations were also associated with lower progression‐free survival. Patients with CCUS with high‐risk features showed similar or worse OS than patients with lower‐risk MDS. Our findings suggest that patients with CCUS having certain clinical or genetic features should be regarded and treated as lower‐risk MDS despite lacking significant dysplasia or MDS‐associated chromosomal abnormalities.
Real‐world outcomes of pembrolizumab monotherapy in non‐small cell lung cancer in Japan: A post‐marketing surveillance
Authors: Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Kamitani Tetsu , Kanda Kingo , Ito Yuichiro , Hamada Masahiro , Ozaki Masahiko , Takeuchi Noriko , Yamada Tomoko , Kawano Masaki , Maekawa Shinichiroh , Kato Terufumi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis post‐marketing surveillance (PMS) was initiated in Japan to identify factors affecting the safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) expression. This PMS was conducted from December 2016 to June 2019 at 717 centers across Japan. Patients with unresectable advanced/recurrent NSCLC who received pembrolizumab monotherapy as first‐line (1L) treatment for PD‐L1‐expressing tumors (Tumor Proportion Score [TPS] ≥ 50%) or second‐line or later (2L+) treatment for tumors with PD‐L1 TPS ≥ 1% were enrolled and followed up for 1 year. Of 2805 registered patients, 2740 and 2400 comprised the safety and effectiveness analysis sets, respectively. The median age (range) was 69 (27–92) years; 55.7% and 29.2% of patients experienced treatment‐related adverse events and adverse events of special interest (AEOSIs), respectively. More common AEOSIs included interstitial lung disease, endocrine disorders, liver dysfunction, colitis/severe diarrhea, infusion reactions, and severe skin disorders. The frequency of experiencing ≥2 AEOSIs was low (1L, 6.5%; 2L+, 2.8%). Most AEOSIs occurred within 150 days after initiation of pembrolizumab monotherapy. At 1‐year follow‐up, the objective response rate was 39.2% (1L, 51.5%; 2L+, 30.0%). In conclusion, the 1‐year safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with unresectable advanced/recurrent NSCLC as 1L treatment for tumors with PD‐L1 TPS ≥ 50% and 2L+ treatment for tumors with PD‐L1 TPS ≥ 1% were similar to those reported in phase 2/3 trials.
Socioeconomic status biases among children and adolescents: The role of school diversity and teacher beliefs in Nepal
Authors: Grütter Jeanine , Dhakal Sandesh , Killen Melanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInvestigating socioeconomic status (SES) biases, Nepalese children and adolescents (N = 605, 52% girls, Mage = 13.21, SDage = 1.74) attending schools that varied by SES composition were asked to anticipate whether a peer would include a high or low SES character as a math partner. Novel findings were that students attending mixed SES schools were more likely to expect inclusion of a low SES character than were students attending high SES schools. With age, high SES participants attending mixed SES schools increasingly expected the inclusion of the low SES character. Moreover, teachers' democratic beliefs in high SES schools predicted inclusive expectations. Teacher beliefs and school diversity play a significant role for fostering students' inclusivity in educational contexts.
Infectious keratitis: A review
Authors: Cabrera‐Aguas Maria , Khoo Pauline , Watson Stephanie L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlobally, infectious keratitis is the fifth leading cause of blindness. The main predisposing factors include contact lens wear, ocular injury and ocular surface disease. Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusarium species, Candida species and Acanthamoeba species are the most common causal organisms. Culture of corneal scrapes is the preferred initial test to identify the culprit organism. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and in vivo confocal microscopy can complement the diagnosis. Empiric therapy is typically commenced with fluoroquinolones, or fortified antibiotics for bacterial keratitis; topical natamycin for fungal keratitis; and polyhexamethylene biguanide or chlorhexidine for acanthamoeba keratitis. Herpes simplex keratitis is mainly diagnosed clinically; however, PCR can also be used to confirm the initial diagnosis and in atypical cases. Antivirals and topical corticosteroids are indicated depending on the corneal layer infected. Vision impairment, blindness and even loss of the eye can occur with a delay in diagnosis and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Residential care as an alternative care option: A review of literature within a global context
Authors: Giraldi Miriana , Mitchell Fiona , Porter Robert Benjamin , Reed Douglas , Jans Valérie , McIver Leanne , Manole Mihaela , McTier Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile there is unequivocal agreement on the need to support families and to avoid all unnecessary separation, there are ongoing debates across policy and practitioner communities nationally and internationally, around the place of residential care within the range of alternative care services which should be available to children who need them. This paper presents the findings of a review of evidence looking at the function, quality and outcomes of residential care based on 111 papers identified for inclusion using systematic searches. The review identifies definitional ambiguity in the use of the terms ‘residential’ and ‘institutional’ care in the literature, which, alongside the different cultural, social and economic contexts, makes generalizing challenging. However, we found insufficient evidence to substantiate claims that residential care is inherently unsuitable. We identify research gaps in the literature, including in relation to quality, children's perspectives and factors that impact upon the suitability of residential care for different children, before discussing implications of the findings for research, policy and practice.
Recursive analytic spherical harmonics gradient for spherical lights
Authors: Mézières P. , Mellado N. , Barthe L. , Paulin M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhen rendering images using Spherical Harmonics (SH), the projection of a spherical function on the SH basis remains a computational challenge both for high‐frequency functions and for emission functions from complex light sources. Recent works investigate efficient SH projection of the light field coming from polygonal and spherical lights. To further reduce the rendering time, instead of computing the SH coefficients at each vertex of a mesh or at each fragment on an image, it has been shown, for polygonal area light, that computing both the SH coefficients and their spatial gradients on a grid covering the scene allows the efficient and accurate interpolation of these coefficients at each shaded point. In this paper, we develop analytical recursive formulae to compute the spatial gradients of SH coefficients for spherical light. This requires the efficient computation of the spatial gradients of the SH basis function that we also derive. Compared to existing method for polygonal light, our method is faster, requires less memory and scales better with respect to the SH band limit. We also show how to approximate polygonal lights using spherical lights to benefit from our derivations. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal, we integrate our algorithm in a shading system able to render fully dynamic scenes with several hundreds of spherical lights in real time.
Coverage Axis: Inner Point Selection for 3D Shape Skeletonization
Authors: Dou Zhiyang , Lin Cheng , Xu Rui , Yang Lei , Xin Shiqing , Komura Taku , Wang Wenping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a simple yet effective formulation called Coverage Axis for 3D shape skeletonization. Inspired by the set cover problem, our key idea is to cover all the surface points using as few inside medial balls as possible. This formulation inherently induces a compact and expressive approximation of the Medial Axis Transform (MAT) of a given shape. Different from previous methods that rely on local approximation error, our method allows a global consideration of the overall shape structure, leading to an efficient high‐level abstraction and superior robustness to noise. Another appealing aspect of our method is its capability to handle more generalized input such as point clouds and poor‐quality meshes. Extensive comparisons and evaluations demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of our method for generating compact and expressive skeletal representation to approximate the MAT.
Z2P: Instant Visualization of Point Clouds
Authors: Metzer G. , Hanocka R. , Giryes R. , Mitra N. J. , Cohen‐Or D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a technique for visualizing point clouds using a neural network. Our technique allows for an instant preview of any point cloud, and bypasses the notoriously difficult surface reconstruction problem or the need to estimate oriented normals for splat‐based rendering. We cast the preview problem as a conditional image‐to‐image translation task, and design a neural network that translates point depth‐map directly into an image, where the point cloud is visualized as though a surface was reconstructed from it. Furthermore, the resulting appearance of the visualized point cloud can be, optionally, conditioned on simple control variables (e.g., color and light). We demonstrate that our technique instantly produces plausible images, and can, on‐the‐fly effectively handle noise, non‐uniform sampling, and thin surfaces sheets.
Closed space‐filling curves with controlled orientation for 3D printing
Authors: Bedel A. , Coudert‐Osmont Y. , Martínez J. , Nishat R. I. , Whitesides S. , Lefebvre S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe explore the optimization of closed space‐filling curves under orientation objectives. By solidifying material along the closed curve, solid layers of 3D prints can be manufactured in a single continuous extrusion motion. The control over orientation enables the deposition to align with specific directions in different areas, or to produce a locally uniform distribution of orientations, patterning the solidified volume in a precisely controlled manner.Our optimization framework proceeds in two steps. First, we cast a combinatorial problem, optimizing Hamiltonian cycles within a specially constructed graph. We rely on a stochastic optimization process based on local operators that modify a cycle while preserving its Hamiltonian property. Second, we use the result to initialize a geometric optimizer that improves the smoothness and uniform coverage of the cycle while further optimizing for alignment and orientation objectives.
A Survey on Reinforcement Learning Methods in Character Animation
Authors: Kwiatkowski Ariel , Alvarado Eduardo , Kalogeiton Vicky , Liu C. Karen , Pettré Julien , van de Panne Michiel , Cani Marie‐Paule 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReinforcement Learning is an area of Machine Learning focused on how agents can be trained to make sequential decisions, and achieve a particular goal within an arbitrary environment. While learning, they repeatedly take actions based on their observation of the environment, and receive appropriate rewards which define the objective. This experience is then used to progressively improve the policy controlling the agent's behavior, typically represented by a neural network. This trained module can then be reused for similar problems, which makes this approach promising for the animation of autonomous, yet reactive characters in simulators, video games or virtual reality environments. This paper surveys the modern Deep Reinforcement Learning methods and discusses their possible applications in Character Animation, from skeletal control of a single, physically‐based character to navigation controllers for individual agents and virtual crowds. It also describes the practical side of training DRL systems, comparing the different frameworks available to build such agents.
Promoting resilience to depression among couples during pregnancy: The protective functions of intimate relationship satisfaction and self‐compassion
Authors: Kumar Shaina A. , Franz Molly R. , DiLillo David , Brock Rebecca L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPregnancy, while often marked by joy, may pose considerable risk for depression among parents. Against a backdrop of adverse life events, expectant parents may be even more vulnerable to developing symptoms of depression during the prenatal period. Thus, it is critical to identify sources of resilience that might facilitate a successful transition to parenthood among couples who have a history of adversity. Prior work suggests that interpersonal and intrapersonal factors associated with resilience, such as intimate relationship satisfaction and self‐compassion (i.e., self‐kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness), have the potential to attenuate prenatal depression among couples with a history of stressful life experiences. We tested this possibility in a sample of 159 couples navigating pregnancy. As predicted, a greater number of prior stressful life experiences was associated with increased depression symptom severity for both mothers and fathers. However, moderation analyses revealed the positive link between cumulative stressful life experiences and depression symptom severity was attenuated among mothers who reported greater self‐compassion in the form of feelings of common humanity, and fathers who reported higher levels of intimate relationship satisfaction and self‐compassion in the form of mindfulness. Findings suggest enhancing intimate relationship satisfaction and self‐compassion among expectant couples may be valuable in attenuating prenatal depression among those with a greater history of adversity.