bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pure Endovascular versus Hybrid Approach for Management of Iliofemoral Arterial Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shaker Ahmed A. , Shehata Ahmed H. , Alhindawy Khaled M. , El Daly Walid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCommon femoral artery (CFA) atherosclerotic lesions currently remain one of the last limitations for adoption of endovascular repair as the first-line treatment, easy surgical accessibility, and, last but not least, favorable long-term outcomes, still making CFA disease treatment part of the surgical domain. In the last 5 years, improvement of the endovascular equipment and technical skills of the operators have led to an increase in percutaneous CFA procedures.A single-center randomized prospective study of 36 symptomatic (Rutherford 2–4) CFA stenotic or occlusive lesions were included, and patients were randomized over two groups based on the management approach SUPERA versus hybrid technique.Patients had a mean age 60.8 ± 8.2 years. Thirty-two (88.9%) patients reported improvement of the clinical symptoms, 28 (87.5%) patients had intact pulse postoperatively, and 28 (87.5%) had patent vessels. Follow-up showed that none developed reocclusion or restenosis during the period of follow-up. Comparison of difference in peak systolic velocity ratio (PSVR) among study groups showed that the hybrid technique had more reduction of PSVR postintervention compared to the SUPERA group with a p-value of < 0.0001.Safety and feasibility of endovascular approach with the SUPERA stent to the CFA (no stent zone) has low incidence of postoperative morbidity and mortality in well experienced surgical hands.
The fatigue illusion: the physical effects of mindlessness
Authors: Camparo Stayce , Maymin Philip Z. , Park Chanmo , Yoon Sukki , Zhang Chen , Lee Younghwa , Langer Ellen J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAttitudes that are blindly adopted, termed premature cognitive commitments, can place unnecessary limitations on how we perceive and engage in the world around us, including how we perceive fatigue. Fatigue is still widely treated as a somatic reaction, caused by physical limitations. In contrast to this, our hypothesis, based on Langer’s mind/body unity theory, states that people perceive fatigue at proportional milestones during a task, regardless of how long it is, how strenuous it is, or whether it is physical or cognitive, and that fatigue can be manipulated psychologically. Five studies were designed to investigate (a) whether or not proportional perceptions of fatigue, or fatigue milestones, exists, rendering fatigue an illusion and (b) whether perceptions of fatigue are malleable by way of Langerian mindfulness, offering individuals control in the management of fatigue. Study 1 introduced a fatigue scale and used retrospective perceptions about travel-fatigue. Study 2 added an objective measure of physical fatigue in a cognitive task. Study 3 tested the illusion of fatigue on an athlete population in a physical task. Study 4 included the Langer Mindfulness Scale to further study subjective perceptions of fatigue in physical tasks. Study 5 tested mindful interventions on fatigue. The findings indicate that (a) an illusion of fatigue exists, with proportional set-in and peak milestones, what we label the fatigue illusion and (b) constructs of Langerian mindfulness offer individuals control over the timing, amount, and even the experience of fatigue.
A high-precision detection method for laser time transfer based on a single-photon avalanche detector array
Authors: Wang Yurong , Li Xue , Luo Weiping , Pan Haifeng , Wu Guang 
Published: September 2022

Space-ground laser time transfer is of significant importance to effectively function a high-precision time synchronization system. Instead of the single-pixel single-photon avalanche detector (SPAD) commonly used in the laser time transfer system, the SPAD array device is capable of supporting the greater performance of the signal photon capture. In this paper, it is experimentally demonstrated that the detection precision and time deviation (TDEV) of the SPAD array can be extremely improved by an order of magnitude compared with those of a single-pixel SPAD. As a result, 2.4 ps root mean square precision and 0.25 ps over an averaging time of 1000 s TDEV are achieved for the SPAD array, providing a new detection method for high-precision laser time transfer applications, such as space-ground optical clocks.
Facile electro-thermal igniters based on freestanding CNTs films for the ignition of energetic materials
Authors: Kang Xiaoli , Li Chunhong , Cui Wen , Yuan Hao , Wang Zhengshang , Zheng Zhou , Cui Xudong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Facile electro-thermal igniters based on freestanding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) films are investigated for exploring the use of igniting energetic materials. Increases in electro-thermal temperature, dynamic pictures of ignition process, and temporal changes of voltage, current and resistance as well as the ignition ability of freestanding CNTs film–based igniters with different film thickness are compared with their counterparts with paper-like substrate. The results demonstrated that freestanding CNTs film–based igniters had faster rise in electro-thermal temperature and better ignition ability than their counterparts. The ignition delay of loaded energetic materials employing freestanding CNTs film based–igniters was only 40%–67% of their counterparts depending on the film thickness. Freestanding CNTs film–based igniters with larger thicknesses were more suitable for the rapid ignition of energetic materials. The shortest ignition delay for igniters of 8 × 8 mm bridge area under 20 V was less than 80 ms. The initial temperature rise rate of igniters was crucial for deciding the ignition delays of loaded energetic materials. The presence of substrates in CNTs film–based igniters impeded their temperature rise rate and thus increased the ignition delay of loaded energetic materials. Moreover, due to the property of negative resistance-temperature coefficient, freestanding CNTs film–based igniters are favourable for the realization of low voltage ignition of energetic materials.
Correlation between interface perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions in Pt/Pd(t
Pd)/Co(t
Co)/Au
Authors: Ourdani D , Roussigné Y , Chérif S M , Gabor M S , Belmeguenai M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (iDMI) and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) can be manipulated via interface engineering. Their strength determines the generation and the size of skyrmions, and the correlation between the iDMI and PMA allows them to be controlled simultaneously, thus choosing the material parameters for which skyrmions can be formed. This opens up the possibility of synthesizing suitable magnetic multilayers that are needed for low-power high-density memory and in logic applications. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Brillouin light scattering (BLS), and microstrip ferromagnetic resonance (MS-FMR) were used to investigate the correlation between the iDMI and the interface PMA. For this, Pt/Pd(t
Pd)Co(t
Co)/Au thin film structures with 0 ⩽ t
Pd⩽1.2 nm and 1.2 nm ⩽ t
Co⩽3 nm were grown by combined sputtering and e-beam evaporation on Si/SiO2 substrates. VSM measurements revealed a negligible magnetic dead layer and a Pd thickness-independent magnetization at saturation of around 1200 emu cm−3. MS-FMR and BLS allowed us to conclue that PMA results from weak volume and interfacial contributions induced by Pd/Co or Pt/Co and Co/Au interfaces. The interface anisotropy constants are found to be 0.65 mJ m−2 and 0.85 mJ m−2 for Pd/Co and for Pt/Co interfaces, respectively. The Pd thickness-dependence of surface iDMI (D
s) and PMA (K
s) constants follow an exponential decay with a characteristic thickness higher for PMA than the iDMI. The slower decrease of K
s vs Pd thickness suggests a shorter range of the iDMI with respect to PMA and points out a strongly localized origin for the iDMI. This difference between the iDMI and PMA is most likely responsible for the nonlinear correlation between PMA and iDMI constants. The investigation of the Co thickness-dependence of the iDMI and PMA in Pd/Co/MgO/Ta systems allows us to conclude a zero iDMI constant of Co/Au and to determine the iDMI constants of Pd/Co and Co/MgO, estimated to be D
s
Pd/Co = −0.096 pJ m−1 and D
s
Co/MgO = −0.15 pJ m−1, respectively. The criterion of skyrmions stability, applied for our samples, revealed the possibility of the existence of stable skyrmions in some samples.
Incommensurate magnetic ordering in CrB2
Authors: Deák A , Jackson J , Nyári B , Szunyogh L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Incommensurate magnetism in CrB2 is studied in terms of a spin model based on density functional theory calculations. Heisenberg exchange interactions derived from the paramagnetic phase using the disordered local moment (DLM) theory show significant differences compared with those resulting from the treatment of the material as a ferromagnet; of these two methods, the DLM theory is found to give a significantly more realistic description. We calculate strongly ferromagnetic interactions between Cr planes but largely frustrated interactions within Cr planes. Although we find that the ground state ordering vector is sensitive to exchange interactions over a large number of neighbour shells, the q-vector of the incommensurate spin spiral state is satisfactorily reproduced by the theory (0.213 compared with the known ordering vector

0.285
×
(
2
π
)

/

(
a

/

2
)

along Γ–

K

). The strong geometric frustration of the exchange interactions causes a rather low Néel temperature (about 97 K), also in good agreement with experiment.
Research on multi-source partial discharge localization based on improved FCM-LOF fuzzy clustering algorithm
Authors: Hu Xiaoxu , Wang Jingang , Xu Changjian , Yan Xiaojun , Zhao Pengcheng , Liu Ya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
At present, the ultra-high frequency method is widely used in the single-source partial discharge (PD) location of substation sites; however, there are issues with the positioning accuracy being too low, and it is difficult to meet the needs of multi-source PD positioning. Based on the local outlier factor (LOF) outlier idea and fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm, this paper proposes the FCM-LOF algorithm to be applied to the research of multi-source PD positioning. This algorithm removes the discrete points of the original time difference data set based on the principle of the local density threshold, reduces the clustering center error, and improves the accuracy of multi-source positioning. The main research contents of this article are as follows. Firstly, using smoothing filter processing and the energy accumulation method, we collect the time difference of dual- and triple-source PD signals as the data set to be processed, and carry out the laboratory simulation experiment. Secondly, comparing the clustering effects of the k-means and FCM algorithms, it is found that the clustering accuracy of the FCM algorithm is significantly better than that of the k-means algorithm, and the positioning error is reduced by 27.3%. Then, using the neighborhood density and outlier factor to eliminate abnormal data, combined with FCM fuzzy clustering, an improved FCM-LOF algorithm is proposed. Compared with the FCM algorithm, the positioning error of this algorithm is reduced by 11.6%. It is suitable for multi-source positioning and has a greater improvement in noisy environments. Finally, the improved algorithm is applied to a field simulation test, which verifies the accuracy of the algorithm. We also study the factors affecting the positioning accuracy of the improved algorithm. The research in this paper can provide a powerful reference for multi-source PD detection of power equipment.
Analytical design and finite element analysis of a microgripper for characterizing a single microcapsule
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Owais , Ahmed Jameel , Bazaz Shafaat Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The typical technique of hardness testing of pharmaceutical microcapsules uses pressure transducer-based bulky devices by averaging mechanism. This not only produces non-precise results but also causes wastage of costly core material present in the microcapsules. To overcome these issues a miniaturized version of the device using a micro electromechanical system (MEMS)-based microgripper has been proposed, which can mechanically characterize a single microcapsule of sizes ranging from 5 µm to 20 µm with a maximum rupture force of 13.33 mN. The proposed microgripper consists of a hybrid chevron thermal actuator and integrated capacitive force sensor and has been designed using standard silicon-on-insulator multi-user MEMS processes with a device size of 2.5 × 3.2 mm2. The microgripper is efficiently modelled to produce a temperature gradient of about 350 °C from the actuator to the jaws making it able to handle temperature-sensitive samples.
Hydrodynamic phase field crystal approach to interfaces, dislocations, and multi-grain networks
Authors: Skogvoll Vidar , Salvalaglio Marco , Angheluta Luiza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We derive a phase field crystal model that couples the diffusive evolution of a microscopic structure with the fast dynamics of a macroscopic velocity field, explicitly accounting for the relaxation of elastic excitations. This model captures better than previous formulations the dynamics of complex interfaces and dislocations in single crystals as well as grain boundary migration in poly-crystals where the long-range elastic field is properly relaxed. The proposed model features a diffusivity that depends non-linearly on the local phase. It induces more localized interfaces between a disordered phase (liquid-like) and an ordered phase, e.g., stripes or crystal lattices. For stripes, the interface dynamics are shown to be strongly anisotropic. We also show that the model is able to evolve the classical PFC at mechanical equilibrium. However, in contrast to previous approaches, it is not restricted to a single-crystal configuration or small distortions from a fixed reference lattice. To showcase the capabilities of this approach, we consider a few examples, from the annihilation of dislocation loops in a single crystal at mechanical equilibrium to the relaxation of a microstructure including crystalline domains with different orientations and grain boundaries. During the self-annihilation of a mixed type dislocation loop (i.e., not shear or prismatic), long-range elastic effects cause the loop to move out of plane before the annihilation event.
Oscillating gravity, non-singularity and mass quantization from Moffat stochastic gravity arguments
Authors: El-Nabulsi Rami Ahmad , Anukool Waranont 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In Moffat stochastic gravity arguments, the spacetime geometry is assumed to be a fluctuating background and the gravitational constant is a control parameter due to the presence of a time-dependent Gaussian white noise

ξ

(
t
)

.

In such a surrounding, both the singularities of gravitational collapse and the Big Bang have a zero probability of occurring. In this communication, we generalize Moffat’s arguments by adding a random temporal tiny variable for a smoothing purpose and creating a white Gaussian noise process with a short correlation time. The Universe accordingly is found to be non-singular and is dominated by an oscillating gravity. A connection with a quantum oscillator was established and analyzed. Surprisingly, the Hubble mass which emerges in extended supergravity may be quantized.
Zonal flow screening in negative triangularity tokamaks
Authors: Singh Rameswar , Diamond P.H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study of zonal flow screening in positive and negative triangularity tokamaks. Neoclassical screening sets the strength of zonal flow shear for fixed drive and damping. Orbit calculations show that the radial excursions of trapped particles are reduced in negative triangularity tokamaks, as compared to positive triangularity. Yet surprisingly, the neoclassical dielectric susceptibility actually increases with decreasing triangularity, such that the susceptibility is higher for negative triangularity than for positive triangularity. This is because the reduction in neoclassical polarization by shrinking the banana width is offset by the increase in neoclassical polarization by the enhancement of trapped fraction for negative triangularity. As a result, the zonal flow screening length is actually enhanced for negative triangularity, as compared to positive triangularity. Hence, the zonal flow residual is smaller for negative triangularity than for positive triangularity. Results from gyrokinetic simulations support the analytic calculations.
Electron cyclotron current drive under neutral beam injection on HL-2M
Authors: Zhong Yijun , Huang Qianhong , Gong Xueyu , Tan Qingyi , Yu Peng , Yang Guang , Zheng Pingwei , Yin Lan , Yang Tao , Wang Zhanhui , Xu Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on OMFIT framework and HL-2M parameters, this paper comprehensively considers the changes in plasma density, temperature, and other transport quantities caused by the interaction of neutral beam injection (NBI) and electron cyclotron wave (ECW) with plasma. The changes in the Shafranov shift of the plasma magnetic surface center are also evaluated. Theoretically, the influence of NBI on the deposition location and current drive efficiency of the ECW is studied. According to the findings, NBI affected the position location and efficiency of the electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) deposited on both high field side (HFS) and low field side (LFS). NBI can relocate the ECW power deposition location to the core and increase the current drive efficiency when the ECW power is deposited on the LFS. When the NBI power increases to 7 MW, the ECCD deposition location can shift to the core by roughly 0.15 normalized small radii, and the current drive efficiency can be improved by 1.3 times. Moreover, as NBI power increases, the radial region where the dimensionless current drive efficiency equals to zero gets closer to the plasma edge. When ECW power is deposited on the HFS paraxial, increasing NBI power causes the ECW deposition location to move toward the plasma edge, thus lowering current drive efficiency. This trend is caused by an increase in NBI power, which can increase the Shafranov shift of the plasma center, increase the electron density, and change the electron temperature. These studies hold great significance for achieving more effective current drive and controlling the plasma current profile and neoclassical tearing mode instability.
Diagnosing X-pinch and cylindrical wire array Z-pinch with an all-optical framing camera on the “QiangGuang-I” facility
Authors: Song Y. , Peng B.D. , Song G.Z. , Yue Z.Q. , Duan B.J. , Li Y. , Cao N. , Xu Q. , Han C.C. , Yao Z.M. , Yan W.P. , Ma J.M. , Sheng L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An all-optical framing camera has been established on the 1-MA “QiangGuang-I” facility for investigating the imploding dynamics of the X-pinch and the cylindrical wire array Z-pinch. This camera measures the photons flux distribution by detecting the photon-induced refractive index changes in the InP semiconductor with a probe laser beam. The InP-based imaging sensor with a 100 nm thick Al film and a 10 μm thick gold transmission grating of 20 μm spatial period was fabricated based on the lithography method. Two sequential frames with 1.5 ns time resolution and 13 ns inter frame separation time can be recorded in one single shot. Framing images indicating the plasma generation and dissipation of the X-pinch and the cylindrical wire array Z-pinch have been obtained, showing that this framing camera is a promising technique for investigating the mechanisms of the Z-pinch and other high energy density physics.
Timing system based on customized frequency White Rabbit network in SHINE
Authors: Ye Y. , Li H. , Li J. , Yan Y. , Yu P. , Gong G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shanghai HIgh repetition rate XFEL aNd Extreme light
facility (SHINE) is China's first hard X-ray FEL light source, which
is expected to provide cutting-edge research methods for scientific
research. To achieve the design target of SHINE, a high-precision
timing system synchronized with the RF synchronization system of the
accelerator is required, which could provide trigger signals and
bunch ID for equipment on the accelerator, beamlines, and
experimental stations so that those devices can be triggered in the
correct sequence. This paper proposes a timing system based on WR
technology that uses the RF signal from the synchronization system
of SHINE as a reference and realizes the broadcasting of RF
synchronization clock, including frequency and timescale, through an
optical fiber network, achieving a timing accuracy of 8 picoseconds
in the four-level network. Two enhanced timing applications,
including the machine clock fanout and the random-event trigger
distribution, are developed based on the RF timing benchmark. The
scheme provides high-precision distribution of RF timing signal and
general hardware interface, which can simplify the network structure
and is expected to be extended to other large-scale physical
accelerator facilities.
Gentamycin-loaded halloysite-based hydrogel nanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration: fabrication, evaluation of the antibacterial activity and cell response
Authors: Same Saeideh , Navidi Golnaz , Samee Golshan , Abedi Fatemeh , Aghazadeh Marziyeh , Milani Morteza , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl , Davaran Soodabeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Biocompatible hydrogels are promising approaches for bone repair and engineering. A novel therapeutic nanocomposite hydrogel was designed based on triblock copolymer poly e-caprolactone (PCL)-polyethylene glycol-PCL and natural gelatin (PCEC/GEL) and reinforced with halloysite nanotube (HNT). Gentamicin (GM) loaded HNT was immobilized in polymeric hydrogel matrix to fabricate scaffolds using the freeze-drying method. Scaffolds were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), x-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The swelling ratio, density, porosity, degradation, and mechanical behavior were evaluated to investigate the effects of HNT on the physicochemical properties of the composite. Cell viability and cell attachment were investigated by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay and SEM. Cell proliferation was observed without any cytotoxicity effect on human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-DPSCs). Alizarin red staining and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) assay were carried out to monitor the osteoconductivity of scaffolds on h-DPSCs which were seeded drop wise onto the top of scaffolds. The quantification of the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of osteogenic marker genes, bone morphogenetic protein 2, SPARK, bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein and runt-related transcription factor 2 over a period of 21 d of cell seeding, demonstrated that cell-encapsulating PCEC/GEL/HNT-GM hydrogel scaffolds supported osteoblast differentiation of h-DPSCs into osteogenic cells through the up-regulation of related genes along with moderate effects on cell viability. Moreover, the antibiotics loading reduced bacterial growth while maintaining the osteogenic properties of the scaffold. Therefore, the bactericidal PCEC/GEL/HNT-GM hydrogel nanocomposite, with enhanced durability, maintenance the functionality of seeded cells in vitro that can be a remarkable dual-functional candidate for hard tissue reconstruction and customized bone implants fabrication via the direct incorporation of bactericidal drug to prevent infection.