bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illuminating the origins of the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology with a novel genetically informed design
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra , Clark D. Angus , Neiderhiser Jenae M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough it is well known that parental depression is transmitted within families across generations, the etiology of this transmission remains unclear. Our goal was to develop a novel study design capable of explicitly examining the etiologic sources of intergenerational transmission. We specifically leveraged naturally-occurring variations in genetic relatedness between parents and their adolescent children in the 720 families participating in the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development (NEAD) study, 58.5% of which included a rearing stepparent (nearly always a stepfather). Results pointed squarely to the environmental transmission of psychopathology between fathers and children. Paternal depression was associated with adolescent depression and adolescent behavior problems (i.e., antisocial behavior, headstrong behavior, and attention problems) regardless of whether or not fathers and their children were genetically related. Moreover, these associations persisted to a subset of “blended” families in which the father was biologically related to one participating child but not to the other, and appeared to be mediated via father–child conflict. Such findings are not only fully consistent with the environmental transmission of psychopathology across generations, but also add to extant evidence that parent–child conflict is a robust and at least partially environmental predictor of adolescent psychopathology.
The UK landscape evaluation movement (1965–85)
Authors: Carlsson Moa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTracing developments in British town and country planning during the 1960s and 1970s, this article describes the sudden upsurge of landscape evaluation method-development among landscape architects and planners, and the disputes that made such efforts come to an end in the late 1970s. In this burst of activity, here referred to as the UK landscape evaluation movement, we can observe competing definitions of visual amenity and landscape quality take form. It is described how practitioners invented or adopted numerical measurement and preference methods as means to gain a supposedly unbiased understanding of how different landscape areas are valued by communities. Struggling to make themselves heard in a planning sector that was dominated by more powerful stakeholders and quantitative approaches (for example, cost-benefit analysis), in the landscape evaluation movement we can also witness how pioneering practitioners adopt advanced statistical techniques and computer mapping to communicate qualitative values of landscape more effectively to each other, communities and decision-makers. These were deliberate attempts by the practitioners to occupy a more active and influential role in landscape and country planning during the period. As this article shows, their success in this regard was limited due to the lack of general agreement with respect to the reliability, validity and generalisability of both assessment methods and produced findings.
Improved lower bound for the list chromatic number of graphs with no Kt minor
Authors: Steiner Raphael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHadwiger’s conjecture asserts that every graph without a
$K_t$
-minor is
$(t-1)$
-colourable. It is known that the exact version of Hadwiger’s conjecture does not extend to list colouring, but it has been conjectured by Kawarabayashi and Mohar (2007) that there exists a constant
$c$
such that every graph with no
$K_t$
-minor has list chromatic number at most
$ct$
. More specifically, they also conjectured that this holds for
$c=\frac{3}{2}$
.Refuting the latter conjecture, we show that the maximum list chromatic number of graphs with no
$K_t$
-minor is at least
$(2-o(1))t$
, and hence
$c \ge 2$
in the above conjecture is necessary. This improves the previous best lower bound by Barát, Joret and Wood (2011), who proved that
$c \ge \frac{4}{3}$
. Our lower-bound examples are obtained via the probabilistic method.
Evaluation of postoperative renal functions and its effect on body perfusion in patients with double aortic cannulation
Authors: Tan Recep Berra Zumrut , Tongut Aybala , Hatemi Ali Can , Tuncer Eylem , Yilmaz Abdullah Arif , Ceyran Hakan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground:The optimal visceral preservation method during aortic arch reconstruction is still controversial. It has been thought that double aortic cannulation is effective. Herein, it was aimed to evaluate this technique in providing distal perfusion.Methods:A total of 74 patients who underwent arch reconstruction between 2011 and 2019 were included. Patients were grouped according to ventricular physiology and cannulation strategies. Group 1 were univentricle patients, and all had double aortic cannulation. Group 2 were biventricular patients. Group 2A double aortic cannulation-done and Group 2B non-double aortic cannulation were included. Lactate, urea, creatinine values, renal functions, and need for peritoneal dialysis of patients were evaluated.Results:There were no complications observed due to descending aortic cannulation in any of the patients. A delayed sternal closure and the need for peritoneal dialysis were more common in the Group 1 (p < 0.01). The preoperative and postoperative 1st- and 2nd-day lactate, urea, and creatinine values in the Group 1 were higher (p < 0.05) when compared with the Group 2A and 2B. The same values were higher in Group 2A than the Group 2B (p < 0.05).Conclusion:The positive effect of double aortic cannulation on renal dysfunction could not be demonstrated. This may be associated with a <1 month of age, low weight, complex surgical procedure, and high preoperative lactate, urea, and creatinine values in patients with double aortic cannulation.
Secular dynamics in extrasolar systems with two planets in mutually inclined orbits
Authors: Mastroianni Rita , Efthymiopoulos Christos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe revisit the problem of the secular dynamics in two-planet systems in which the planetary orbits exhibit a high value of the mutual inclination. We propose a ‘basic hamiltonian model’ for secular dynamics, parameterized in terms of the system’s Angular Momentum Deficit (AMD). The secular Hamiltonian can be obtained in closed form, using multipole expansions in powers of the distance ratio between the planets, or in the usual Laplace-Lagrange form. The main features of the phase space (number and stability of periodic orbits, bifurcations from the main apsidal corotation resonances, Kozai resonance etc.) can all be recovered by choosing the corresponding terms in the ‘basic Hamiltonian’. Applications include the semi-analytical determination of the actual orbital state of the system using Hamiltonian normalization techniques. An example is discussed referring to the system of two outermost planets of the ν-Andromedae system.
Dynamical constraints on the evolution of the inner asteroid belt and the sources of meteorites
Authors: Dermott Stanley F. , Li Dan , Christou Apostolos A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe have shown that in the inner belt the loss of asteroids from the ν6 secular resonance and the 3:1 Jovian mean motion resonance accounts for the observation that the mean size of the asteroids increases with increasing orbital inclination. We have used that observation to constrain the Yarkovsky loss timescale and to show that the family asteroids are embedded in a background population of old ghost families. We argue that all the asteroids in the inner belt originated from a small number of asteroids and that the initial mass of the belt was similar to that of the present belt. We also show that the observed size frequency distribution of the Vesta asteroid family was determined by the action of Yarkovsky forces, and that the age of this family is comparable to the age of the solar system.
An algorithm for automatic identification of asymmetric transits in the TESS database
Authors: Vasylenko M. , Pavlenko Ya. , Dobrycheva D. , Kulyk I. , Shubina O. , Korsun P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) searches for Earth-size planets around nearby dwarf stars. To identify specific weak variations in the light curves of stars, sophisticated data processing methods and analysis of the light curve shapes should be developed and applied. We report some preliminary results of our project to find and identify minima in the light curves of stars collected by TESS and stored in the MAST (Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes) database. We developed Python code to process the short-cadence (2-min) TESS PDCSAP (Pre-search Data Conditioning Simple Aperture Photometry) light curves. Our code allows us to create test samples to apply machine learning methods to classify minima in the light curves taking into account their morphological signatures. Our approach will be used to find and analyze some sporadic events in the observed light curves originating from transits of comet-like bodies.
Astrometry and photometry of asteroids from the UkrVO database of astroplates
Authors: Vavilova I.B. , Shatokhina S.V. , Pakuliak L.K. , Yizhakevych O.M. , Eglitis I. , Andruk V.M. , Protsyuk Yu.I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present the developed methods of digitization, image processing, reduction, and scientific data mining with the latest reference catalogs, which allowed us to obtain a good positional and photometric accuracy in B-band of 6,500 asteroids down to 17.5m from the Ukrainian Virtual Observatory database of astroplates. The archive includes FON-Kyiv, FON-Kitab, FON-Dushanbe sky surveys (1981–1996) and astroplates of the Baldone and Tautenburg observatories. For some of asteroids, observations are either completely absent or not enough over the certain time interval to the moments of their official discoveries (about 300 such objects were found). Positional observations during these time scales are highly useful for a more detailed study of the dynamics and orbital parameters of asteroids as well as the obtained photometric parameters are very complementary with present-day data for studying changes in brightness and light curves.
The semi-analytical motion theory of the third order in planetary masses for the Sun – Jupiter – Saturn – Uranus –Neptune’s system
Authors: Perminov Alexander , Kuznetsov Eduard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe averaged four-planetary motion theory is constructed up to the third order in planetary masses. The equations of motion in averaged elements are numerically integrated for the Solar system’s giant planets for different initial conditions. The comparison of obtained results with the direct numerical integration of Newtonian equations of motion shows an excellent agreement with them. It suggests that this motion theory is constructed correctly. So, we can use this theory to investigate the dynamical evolution of various extrasolar planetary systems with moderate orbital eccentricities and inclinations.
Multiple bifurcations around 433 Eros with Harmonic Balance Method
Authors: Nicolas Leclère , Gaëtan Kerschen , Lamberto Dell’Elce 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to carry out periodic orbital propagation and bifurcations detection around asteroid 433 Eros. Specifically, we propose to exploit a frequency-domain method, the harmonic balance method, as an efficient alternative to the usual time integration. The stability and bifurcations of the periodic orbits are also assessed thanks to the Floquet exponents. Numerous periodic orbits are found with various periods and shapes. Different bifurcations, including period doubling, tangent, real saddle and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations, are encountered during the continuation process. Resonance phenomena are highlighted as well.
Latitudinal variations of charged dust in co-orbital resonance with Jupiter
Authors: Reiter Stefanie , Lhotka Christoph 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe interplanetary magnetic field may cause large amplitude changes in the orbital inclinations of charged dust particles. In order to study this effect in the case of dust grains moving in 1:1 mean motion resonance with planet Jupiter, a simplified semi-analytical model is developed to reduce the full dynamics of the system to the terms containing the information of the secular evolution dominated by the Lorentz force. It was found that while the planet causes variations in all orbital elements, the influence of the magnetic field most heavily impacts the long-term evolution of the inclination and the longitude of the ascending node. The simplified secular-resonant model recreates the oscillations in these parameters very well in comparison to the full solution, despite neglecting the influence of the magnetic field on the other orbital parameters.
STRONG HOMOMORPHISMS, CATEGORY THEORY, AND SEMANTIC PARADOX
Authors: WOLFGRAM JONATHAN , COOK ROY T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this essay we introduce a new tool for studying the patterns of sentential reference within the framework introduced in [2] and known as the language of paradox
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
: strong
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
-homomorphisms. In particular, we show that (i) strong
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
-homomorphisms between
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
constructions preserve paradoxicality, (ii) many (but not all) earlier results regarding the paradoxicality of
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
constructions can be recast as special cases of our central result regarding strong
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
-homomorphisms, and (iii) that we can use strong
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf { P}}$
-homomorphisms to provide a simple demonstration of the paradoxical nature of a well-known paradox that has not received much attention in this context: the McGee paradox. In addition, along the way we will highlight how strong
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
-homomorphisms highlight novel connections between the graph-theoretic analyses of paradoxes mobilized in the
$\mathcal {L}_{\mathsf {P}}$
framework and the methods and tools of category theory.
Effect of the Grell‐Freitas Deep Convection Scheme in Quasi‐Uniform and Variable‐Resolution Aquaplanet CAM Simulations
Authors: Jang Jihyeon , Skamarock William C. , Park Sang‐Hun , Zarzycki Colin M. , Sakaguchi Koichi , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Grell‐Freitas deep convection scheme (GF) has been implemented in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) with the nonhydrostatic Model for Prediction Across Scales dynamical core. Aquaplanet simulations have been performed with a global quasi‐uniform resolution mesh with ∼120 km grid spacing and a variable resolution mesh employing a circular refined region with ∼30 km grid spacing centering at the equator and ∼120 km elsewhere. GF produces overall patterns of the general circulations comparable to those of other aquaplanet experiments, including those produced using the default Zhang‐McFarlane convection scheme (ZM) in CAM Version 5.4. GF alleviates the overestimated occurrence of weak intensity precipitation characteristic of ZM due to GF's different closure methods and deep‐convection trigger conditions. Compared to ZM, the GF characteristics of the equatorial Kelvin waves are closer to observations. GF also better simulates precipitation at variable resolution, with no unrealistic wave distortion by the refinement. Overall, GF shows less sensitivity of convective precipitation and heating/moistening tendencies to changes in horizontal resolution compared to ZM. However, vertically overlapped total cloud fraction simulated with GF in the tropics is more sensitive to the resolution than ZM due to the larger resolution‐sensitivity of high‐level cloud fraction in the tropics.
Generalized Rayleigh‐Taylor Instability: Ion Inertia, Acceleration Forces, and E Region Drivers
Authors: Huba J. D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA linear theory of the generalized Rayleigh‐Taylor instability (GRTI) is derived which includes ion inertia and acceleration forces, as well as E region drivers: the zonal neutral wind and plasma drift. This is in contrast to the F region drivers (aside from gravity): the meridional neutral wind and the meridional/vertical plasma drifts. Both a local theory and a flux‐tube integrated theory are presented with application to the onset of ionosphere irregularities associated with equatorial spread F. Inertia and acceleration forces do not affect the growth rate of the GRTI for nominal ionospheric conditions, but the E region zonal drifts can significantly increase or decrease the growth rate of the GRTI in the equatorial and mid‐latitude ionosphere depending on their direction.
Deep Learning‐BasedH‐κMethod (HkNet) for Estimating Crustal Thickness andVp/VsRatio From Receiver Functions
Authors: Wang Feiyi , Song Xiaodong , Li Jiangtao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe teleseismic receiver function (RF) is commonly used to determine major interfaces of the Earth. If the crustalVpis known approximately, the Moho convertedPsphase and crustal multiple reverberations can be used to determine the thickness (H) and averageVp/Vsratio (κ) of the crust. A widely used method for this isH‐κstacking (Zhu & Kanamori, 2000,https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900322), which uses grid search and superposition to find the maximum coherent energy of the MohoPsand its reverberated multiples phases. However, this method assumes a homogeneous isotropic crust and a flat Moho. Furthermore, it is affected by the reference crustalVp. Improved methods, such as theH‐κ‐cmethod for anisotropic media and inclined interfaces (J. Li et al., 2019,https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016356), help alleviate the problem. In this paper, we propose a new method that uses deep learning to estimateHandκ. Our method is divided into two steps. The first step employs a denoise architecture (the DenoiseNet) to reduce the noise level of the RFs and restore missing back‐azimuthal information. In the second step, our new deep learning network (the HkNet) is used to estimateHandκ. Deep learning has the inherent ability to automatically extract complex features from RFs, which allows us to estimate the parameters in complex media with different crustalVp. Synthetic data tests show that the proposed method achieves better accuracy than theH‐κandH‐κ‐cmethods. Applications to real data show that the proposed method is robust and reliable in a wide range of geological settings.
Long‐Term Evolution of Particulate Nitrate Pollution in North China: Isotopic Evidence From 10 Offshore Cruises in the Bohai Sea From 2014 to 2019
Authors: Zong Zheng , Tian Chongguo , Sun Zeyu , Tan Yang , Shi Yajun , Liu Xiaohuan , Li Jun , Fang Yunting , Chen Yingjun , Ma Yuhao , Gao Huiwang , Zhang Gan , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAtmospheric nitrate (NO3−) pollution has become an obstacle to efforts to further reduce fine particulate (PM2.5) concentration in North China. However, there have been limited long‐term measurements of NO3− and isotopic knowledge (δ15N, δ18O) on the driving factors during NO3− changes. Here, we report observations of 10 voyages from 2014 to 2019 conducted in the Bohai Sea, a typical background area in North China. The results show that the average proportion of NO3− in PM2.5 increased from 0.08 to 0.16 over the study period. The δ15N–NO3− ranged from −4.1‰ to +20.5‰, with a significant annual decline (p < 0.01), especially in winter. The average δ18O–NO3− was +72.6 ± 13.5‰, and a Monte Carlo calculation revealed that the contribution of the •OH pathway in the NO3− formation declined by 27.4% in winter, implying an increase in O3 pollution. Coal combustion remained the most important contributor to NO3− (46.6 ± 15.9%), but its contribution showed a significant downward trend (p < 0.01), consistent with the control of disperse coal use in North China. Enhancement of atmospheric oxidation and the unexpected large increase in contribution of microbial processes were found to be the main causes of the increasingly serious NO3− pollution in North China. In addition, a spike in the contribution of coal combustion in 2018 indicates that the coal‐control policy needs to be reinforced.
Si nanowire Bio-FET for electrical and label-free detection of cancer cell-derived exosomes
Authors: Zhao Wenjie , Hu Jiawei , Liu Jinlong , Li Xin , Sun Sheng , Luan Xiaofeng , Zhao Yang , Wei Shuhua , Li Mingxiao , Zhang Qingzhu , Huang Chengjun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExosomes are highly important in clinical diagnosis due to their high homology with their parental cells. However, conventional exosome detection methods still face the challenges of expensive equipment, low sensitivity, and complex procedures. Field effect transistors (FETs) are not only the most essential electronic component in the modern microelectronics industry but also show great potential for biomolecule detection owing to the advantages of rapid response, high sensitivity, and label-free detection. In this study, we proposed a Si nanowire field-effect transistor (Si-NW Bio-FET) device chemically modified with specific antibodies for the electrical and label-free detection of exosomes. The Si-NW FETs were fabricated by standard microelectronic processes with 45 nm width nanowires and packaged in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel. The nanowires were further modified with the specific CD63 antibody to form a Si-NW Bio-FET. The use of the developed Si-NW Bio-FET for the electrical and label-free detection of exosomes was successfully demonstrated with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2159 particles/mL. In contrast to other technologies, in this study, Si-NW Bio-FET provides a unique strategy for directly quantifying and real-time detecting exosomes without labeling, indicating its potential as a tool for the early diagnosis of cancer.
Graphene nanoribbons initiated from molecularly derived seeds
Authors: Way Austin J. , Jacobberger Robert M. , Guisinger Nathan P. , Saraswat Vivek , Zheng Xiaoqi , Suresh Anjali , Dwyer Jonathan H. , Gopalan Padma , Arnold Michael S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSemiconducting graphene nanoribbons are promising materials for nanoelectronics but are held back by synthesis challenges. Here we report that molecular-scale carbon seeds can be exploited to initiate the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of graphene to generate one-dimensional graphene nanoribbons narrower than 5 nm when coupled with growth phenomena that selectively extend seeds along a single direction. This concept is demonstrated by subliming graphene-like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules onto a Ge(001) catalyst surface and then anisotropically evolving size-controlled nanoribbons from the seeds along $$\left\langle 110\right\rangle$$

110

of Ge(001) via CH4 CVD. Armchair nanoribbons with mean normalized standard deviation as small as 11% (3 times smaller than nanoribbons nucleated without seeds), aspect ratio as large as 30, and width as narrow as 2.6 nm (tunable via CH4 exposure time) are realized. Two populations of nanoribbons are compared in field-effect transistors (FETs), with off-current differing by 150 times because of the nanoribbons’ different widths.