bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GPR120 modulates epileptic seizure and neuroinflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Qin Zhangjin , Song Jiaqi , Lin Aolei , Yang Wei , Zhang Wenbo , Zhong Fuxin , Huang Lihong , Lü Yang , Yu Weihua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The complex pathophysiology of epilepsy hampers the development of effective treatments. Although more than ten kinds of anti-seizures drugs (ASDs) have good effects on seizure control worldwide, about 30% of patients still display pharmacoresistance against ASDs. Neuroinflammation seems to play a crucial role in disease progression. G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) has been shown to negatively regulate inflammation and apoptosis. However, the role of GPR120 in epilepsy remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of GPR120 in epilepsy.

Methods
Male adult C57BL/6 mice were intracranially injected with kainic acid (KA) to establish epilepsy model, and the adeno associated virus (AAV) was administered intracranially at 3 weeks before KA injection. VX765 was administered by intragastric administration at 30 min before KA induced and an equal dose administrated twice a day (10 a.m. and 4 p.m.) lasting 7 days until the mice were killed. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, video monitoring of seizure, LFP recording, Nissl staining were performed.

Results
GPR120 was increased in both the hippocampus and cortex in the KA-induced model with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and both were most highly expressed at 7 days after KA injection. Overexpression of GPR120 significantly alleviated epileptic activity, reduced neuronal death after status epilepticus (SE), downregulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, whereas knockdown GPR120 showed the opposite effect. The effects of GPR120 knockdown were reversed by VX765 inhibition cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (Caspase-1).

Conclusion
GPR120 modulates epileptic seizure activity and affects neuronal survival in KA-induced mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, GPR120 regulated neuroinflammation in epileptic animals through NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway.
Activation of locus coeruleus-spinal cord noradrenergic neurons alleviates neuropathic pain in mice via reducing neuroinflammation from astrocytes and microglia in spinal dorsal horn
Authors: Li Juan , Wei Yiyong , Zhou Junli , Zou Helin , Ma Lulin , Liu Chengxi , Xiao Zhi , Liu Xingfeng , Tan Xinran , Yu Tian , Cao Song 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The noradrenergic neurons of locus coeruleus (LC) project to the spinal dorsal horn (SDH), and release norepinephrine (NE) to inhibit pain transmission. However, its effect on pathological pain and the cellular mechanism in the SDH remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the analgesic effects and the anti-neuroinflammation mechanism of LC-spinal cord noradrenergic pathway (LC:SC) in neuropathic pain (NP) mice with sciatic chronic constriction injury.

Methods
The Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) was used to selectively activate LC:SC. Noradrenergic neuron-specific retro–adeno-associated virus was injected to the spinal cord. Pain threshold, LC and wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron firing, neuroinflammation (microglia and astrocyte activation, cytokine expression), and α2AR expression in SDH were evaluated.

Results
Activation of LC:SC with DREADD increased the mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds and reduced the WDR neuron firing. LC:SC activation (daily, 7 days) downregulated TNF-α and IL-1β expression, upregulated IL-4 and IL-10 expression in SDH, and inhibited microglia and astrocytes activation in NP mice. Immunofluorescence double staining confirmed that LC:SC activation decreased the expression of cytokines in microglia of the SDH. In addition, the effects of LC:SC activation could be reversed by intrathecal injection of yohimbine. Immunofluorescence of SDH showed that NE receptor α2B-AR was highly expressed in microglia in CCI mice.

Conclusion
These findings indicate that selective activation of LC:SC alleviates NP in mice by increasing the release of NE and reducing neuroinflammation of astrocytes and microglia in SDH.
Prone positioning improves ventilation–perfusion matching assessed by electrical impedance tomography in patients with ARDS: a prospective physiological study
Authors: Wang Yu-xian , Zhong Ming , Dong Min-hui , Song Jie-qiong , Zheng Yi-jun , Wu Wei , Tao Jia-le , Zhu Ling , Zheng Xin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The physiological effects of prone ventilation in ARDS patients have been discussed for a long time but have not been fully elucidated. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has emerged as a tool for bedside monitoring of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion, allowing the opportunity to obtain data. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prone positioning (PP) on ventilation–perfusion matching by contrast-enhanced EIT in patients with ARDS.

Design
Monocenter prospective physiologic study.

Setting
University medical ICU.

Patients
Ten mechanically ventilated ARDS patients who underwent PP.

Interventions
We performed EIT evaluation at the initiation of PP, 3 h after PP initiation and the end of PP during the first PP session.

Measurements and main results
The regional distribution of ventilation and perfusion was analyzed based on EIT images and compared to the clinical variables regarding respiratory and hemodynamic status. Prolonged prone ventilation improved oxygenation in the ARDS patients. Based on EIT measurements, the distribution of ventilation was homogenized and dorsal lung ventilation was significantly improved by PP administration, while the effect of PP on lung perfusion was relatively mild, with increased dorsal lung perfusion observed. The ventilation–perfusion matched region was found to increase and correlate with the increased PaO2/FiO2 by PP, which was attributed mainly to reduced shunt in the lung.

Conclusions
Prolonged prone ventilation increased dorsal ventilation and perfusion, which resulted in improved ventilation–perfusion matching and oxygenation.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04725227. Registered on 25 January 2021.
Attractive study of the antimicrobial, antiviral, and cytotoxic activity of novel synthesized silver chromite nanocomposites
Authors: Sayed Mohsen A. , El-Rahman Tahany M. A. Abd , Abdelsalam H. K. , Ali Ahmed M. , Hamdy Mayar M. , Badr Yara A. , Rahman Nada H. Abd El- , El-Latif Sabah M. Abd , Mostafa Sara H. , Mohamed Sondos S. , Ali Ziad M. , El-Bassuony Asmaa A. H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is a global problem. This is the reason why scientists search for alternative treatments. In this regard, seven novel silver chromite nanocomposites were synthesized and assayed to evaluate their antimicrobial, antiviral, and cytotoxic activity. Five bacterial species were used in this study: three Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). Three fungal species were also tested: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and A. flavus. The MIC of the tested compounds was determined using the bifold serial dilution method. The tested compounds showed good antibacterial activity. Maximum antibacterial activity was attained in the case of 15 N [Cobalt Ferrite (0.3 CoFe2O4) + Silver chromite (0.7 Ag0.5Cr2.5O4)] against M. luteus. Concerning antifungal activity, C. albicans was the most susceptible fungal species. The maximum inhibition was recorded also in case of 15 N [Cobalt Ferrite (0.3 CoFe2O4) + Silver chromite (0.7 Ag0.5Cr2.5O4)]. The most promising antimicrobial compound 15 N [Cobalt Ferrite (0.3 CoFe2O4) + Silver chromite (0.7 Ag0.5Cr2.5O4)] was assayed for its antiviral and cytotoxic activity. The tested compound showed weak antiviral activity. The cytotoxic activity against Mammalian cells from African Green Monkey Kidney (Vero) cells was detected. The inhibitory effect against Hepatocellular carcinoma cells was detected using a MTT assay. The antimicrobial effect of the tested compounds depends on the tested microbial species. The tested compounds could be attractive and alternative antibacterial compounds that open a new path in chemotherapy.
In situ green synthesis of Cu-doped ZnO based polymers nanocomposite with studying antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities
Authors: Al-Rajhi Aisha M. H. , Yahya Rana , Bakri Marwah M. , Yahya Reham , Abdelghany T. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of eco-friendly methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles and its nano-composite has become a public demand nowadays to reduce the risks of chemical methods. In the current study, green synthesis of Cu-doped ZnO based polymers nan-ocomposite was performed. Various instrumental analysis including UV–vis, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, TEM and Thermal gravimetric were used to characterize nano-composite. Highly antibacterial activity of the synthesized nano-composite was recorded against tested microorganisms with promising efficacy against bacteria namely;Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis,Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimuriumand yeast (Candida albicans) but unfortunately not against black fungus (Mucor circinelloides) and filamentous fungiAspergillus flavusandA. niger.Anti-inflammatory of nano-composite represented by hemolysis inhibition was observed at using low concentration (100 µg/mL) with enhancing 23.85% compared with free nano-composite while at high concentrations 500 and1000 µg/mL the anti-inflammatory activity was approximately similar with enhancing 3.91% and 1.99%, respectively. Antioxidant of the nano-composite was better than the antioxidant of free nano-composite at all tested concentrations, moreover the IC50of the nano-composite (91.16 µg/mL) was less than the IC50, (203.65 µg/mL) of the free nano-composite.
Associations between circadian misalignment and telomere length in BD: an actigraphy study
Authors: Spano Luana , Hennion Vincent , Marie-Claire Cynthia , Bellivier Frank , Scott Jan , Etain Bruno 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Life expectancy is significantly decreased in bipolar disorder (BD). This is associated with accelerated cellular aging which can be estimated by telomere length (TL). However, specific determinants of shorter TL in BD are under-explored. This study examines whether circadian misalignment (i.e. mismatch between preferred and actual phase of circadian activity rhythms) is associated with shorter TL in BD.

Methods
Euthymic individuals with BD (n = 101) undertook 21 consecutive days of actigraphy recording and completed the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) to assess phase preference for activities (chronotype). Polymerase chain reaction was used to measure TL in blood. Cluster analysis identified circadian aligned/misaligned subgroups as defined by preferred (CSM score) and actual phases of activity (actigraphically determined onset of active and inactive periods). We tested for any associations between TL and clusters, with adjustments for between-cluster differences in socio-demographic and illness factors.

Results
We identified three clusters: an "Aligned Morning" cluster (n = 31) with preferred and actual timing of activity in the morning, an "Aligned Evening" cluster (n = 37) with preferred and actual timing of activity in the evening and a "Misaligned" cluster (n = 32) with an evening chronotype, but an earlier objective onset of active periods. After adjustment for confounders, we found that TL was significantly associated with circadian misalignment and older age.

Conclusions
Circadian misalignment may partly explain shorter TL in BD and could contribute to accelerated aging in these individuals.
Identification of different parts of Panax notoginseng based on terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Bin Li , Zhao-yang Han , Hui-zhou Cai , A-kun Yang , Ai-guo Ou Yang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the combined terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and chemometrics method is proposed to identify four different parts of Panax notoginseng rapidly and nondestructively. The research objects of the taproot, scissor, rib, and hairy root of P. notoginseng are taken. The refractive index, absorption coefficient, time-domain, and frequency-domain spectra of the samples are analyzed. It is found that the terahertz spectra of different parts of P. notoginseng are significantly different, so the absorption coefficient of samples is selected to establish models. Firstly, the baseline correction, multiple scattering correction, and normalization algorithms are used to preprocess the absorption coefficient in 0.5–2.0 THz to remove noise. Then, the Kennard–Stone (KS) algorithm is used to divide the model set and the prediction set at the ratio of 3:1, and the successive projection algorithm (SPA) is used to select the characteristic frequency points of the samples. Finally, the chosen characteristic variables are input into the support vector machine (SVM) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm to establish the qualitative analysis models, respectively. In the SPA-SVM models, the performance of the SPA-SVM model under the linear kernel function by baseline is best, the accuracy of the training set of it is 99.50%, and the accuracy of the test set of it is 99.25%. In the SPA-LDA models, the performance of the SPA-LDA model by baseline is best, and the accuracy of the training set of it is 100%, and the accuracy of the test set of it is 100%. And the value of cumulative variance contribution is proposed to assess whether the variable is good or bad to model. The results show that the combined THz-TDS and chemometrics method can be used to realize rapid, accurate, and nondestructive identification of different parts of P. notoginseng.
Medial meniscus extrusion and varus tilt of joint line convergence angle increase stress in the medial compartment of the knee joint in the knee extension position -finite element analysis-
Authors: Kozaki Takuhei , Fukui Daisuke , Yamamoto Ei , Nishiyama Daisuke , Yamanaka Manabu , Murata Akimasa , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although it has been recognized that the medial meniscus extrusion (MME) leads to progressive cartilage loss and osteoarthritis (OA), about 20% of cases with MME had minor symptoms and poor progression of knee OA. However, it is still unclear which patients will have minimal symptoms or will not progress to degeneration. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of the relationship between the MME and Joint line convergence angle (JLCA) on knee stress with the finite element (FE) analysis method.

Methods
The 65 year-old female was taken computer tomography (CT) from thigh to ankle. A 3-dimentional nonlinear FE model was constructed from the patient’s DICOM data. We made the six models, which was different from JLCA and MME. Contact stresses on the surfaces between femoral and tibial cartilages and both side of meniscus are analyzed.

Results
As the JLCA or MME increased, the stress load on the medial compartment increased. The effect of MME was stronger on the femoral side, while the effect of JLCA was stronger for the tibia and meniscus. If the JLCA was tilted valgus, the stress in the medial compartment did not increase even in the presence of MME.

Conclusions
This study revealed that the MME is associated with increased a stress loading on medial compartment structures. Furthermore, this change was enhanced by the varus tilt of the JLCA. In the case of valgus alignment, the contact pressure of the medial compartment did not increase so much even if with the MME.

Level of evidence
Level V
Activation-induced pyroptosis contributes to the loss of MAIT cells in chronic HIV-1 infected patients
Authors: Xia Peng , Xing Xu-Dong , Yang Cui-Xian , Liao Xue-Jiao , Liu Fu-Hua , Huang Hui-Huang , Zhang Chao , Song Jin-Wen , Jiao Yan-Mei , Shi Ming , Jiang Tian-Jun , Zhou Chun-Bao , Wang Xi-Cheng , He Qing , Zeng Qing-Lei , Wang Fu-Sheng , Zhang Ji-Yuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are systemically depleted in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected patients and are not replenished even after successful combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). This study aimed to identify the mechanism underlying MAIT cell depletion.MethodsIn the present study, we applied flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the characteristics of pyroptotic MAIT cells in a total of 127 HIV-1 infected individuals, including 69 treatment-naive patients, 28 complete responders, 15 immunological non-responders, and 15 elite controllers, at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.ResultsSingle-cell transcriptomic profiles revealed that circulating MAIT cells from HIV-1 infected subjects were highly activated, with upregulation of pyroptosis-related genes. Further analysis revealed that increased frequencies of pyroptotic MAIT cells correlated with markers of systemic T-cell activation, microbial translocation, and intestinal damage in cART-naive patients and poor CD4+T-cell recovery in long-term cART patients. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that MAIT cells in the gut mucosa of HIV-1 infected patients exhibited a strong active gasdermin-D (GSDMD, marker of pyroptosis) signal near the cavity side, suggesting that these MAIT cells underwent active pyroptosis in the colorectal mucosa. Increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 were observed in HIV-1 infected patients. In addition, activated MAIT cells exhibited an increased pyroptotic phenotype after being triggered by HIV-1 virions, T-cell receptor signals, IL-12 plus IL-18, and combinations of these factors, in vitro.ConclusionsActivation-induced MAIT cell pyroptosis contributes to the loss of MAIT cells in HIV-1 infected patients, which could potentiate disease progression and poor immune reconstitution.
Stepped-care cognitive behaviour therapy program for treating cancer-related fatigue: protocol for a feasibility study
Authors: Williams Lauren K. , Ftanou Maria , Pearson Elizabeth J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a commonly experienced and often debilitating side effect of cancer treatment that can persist for years after treatment completion. The benefits of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for CRF are well established; however, these interventions are typically not included in standard clinical care. Traditional CBT is resource-intensive, limiting implementation in hospital settings. Stepped-care approaches can offer benefits to more people, using the same personnel as traditional models.

Method/design
This is a single-arm feasibility study. Fifty people with a cancer diagnosis, at least 12 weeks post-treatment or on long-term maintenance treatment, with persistent CRF that is affecting daily activities, will enrol in a stepped-care CBT program. Intervention: The stepped-care program involves two steps. Step 1: All participants begin with a 5-week supported self-management CBT progam targeting fatigue. Step 2: If fatigue remains severe or has changed less than the minimal clinically important difference on the fatigue measure after step 1, participants will be offered four sessions of therapist-directed group CBT. Measures: Participants will complete questionnaires at baseline and 6 and 10 weeks. The primary outcome is feasibility of the REFRESH program. The implementation evaluation comprises acceptability, satisfaction, appropriateness, and feasibility of the study intervention, along with administrative data including cost, processes, procedures and implementation. Secondary outcomes are changes in fatigue, quality of life and self-efficacy.

Conclusion
The REFRESH program will be the first stepped-care CBT intervention for persistent CRF in Australia. Assessing feasibility of REFRESH is an important first step to establishing future implementation and efficacy.
Development and validation of a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for patients with peripheral artery disease (QOLPAD)
Authors: Arman Ebru-Berrin , Augustin Matthias , Mohr Nicole , Debus Sebastian E. , Breuer Peter , Blome Christine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a short and feasible questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The content of the new instrument is intended to correspond with the simultaneously developed instrument Patient Benefit Index for PAD (PBI-PAD), which evaluates treatment goals and benefits in this patient group.

Methods
Fifty patients stated their disease burden on free-text questionnaires, which was used by an interdisciplinary expert panel to develop 12 items for the new instrument, named Quality of Life questionnaire for patients with peripheral artery disease (QOLPAD). The validity of the instrument was tested in patients from Germany with PAD stages I to IV who completed the QOLPAD, EuroQol questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L; EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ VAS)), and Vascular Quality of Life questionnaire (VascuQoL) before (baseline) and three months after (follow-up) treatment.

Results
One hundred and three patients were included at baseline (mean age: 68.6 years; 68% male), among whom, 57 provided data at follow-up. Most patients (86.4%) rated the completion of QOLPAD as being easy. Internal consistency was satisfactory, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.74 (baseline) and 0.84 (follow-up). Convergent validity was indicated by significant correlations with the EQ-5D-3L (baseline: − 0.62; follow-up: − 0.81), EQ VAS (baseline: − 0.44, follow-up: − 0.79), VascuQoL global score (baseline: − 0.77; follow-up: − 0.87), global rating of impairment (baseline: 0.64; follow-up: 0.71), and PAD stage (baseline: 0.40; follow-up: 0.67). Sensitivity to change was confirmed by significant correlations of change in the QOLPAD with changes in convergent criteria; however, the high number of dropouts limits the generalizability of this finding.

Conclusion
This study provided evidence that the QOLPAD is internally consistent and valid in patients receiving treatment for PAD in Germany.
Evaluating the potential application of palmprint creases density for sex determination: an exploratory study
Authors: Yaacob Roszaharah , Hadi Helmi , Ibrahim Haidi , Zakaria Yusmazura , Nik Hassan Nik Fakhuruddin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Identification of sex plays a vital role in forensic and medicolegal investigations. Although several studies were conducted in the past to assess sexual dimorphism in friction ridge skin characteristics, a similar study has not been attempted using creases characteristics. The present study was carried out to determine the sex differences based on creases density among the Malaysian population. A novel method was proposed by measuring creases density in 2 cm × 2 cm square at the hypothenar region on the right palmprints to evaluate its feasibility for sex discrimination purposes. A total of 150 subjects were investigated in this study.

Results
Results revealed that significant differences were observed in the creases density for males and females. Palmprint mean creases density of 3.46 creases/cm2 and 5.73 creases/cm2 were calculated in male and female subjects, respectively. Results indicated that females tended to have a significantly higher creases density than males in the selected region. Analysis using the independent sample t-test demonstrated that the creases density of males and females was significantly different (p < 0.001), with mean differences ranging between −2.90 and −1.65.

Conclusions
It is evident that palmprint creases density is a potential indicator for sex determination.