bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity of PIK3CA mutations in extramammary Paget’s disease
Authors: Kusaba Yudo , Kajihara Ikko , Myangat Tselmeg Mijiddorj , Tanaka Kenichiro , Sakamoto Ryoko , Maeda‐Otsuka Saki , Yamada‐Kanazawa Saori , Sawamura Soichiro , Kanemaru Hisashi , Nishimura Yuki , Nakamura‐Kashiwada Kayo , Makino Katsunari , Miyashita Azusa , Aoi Jun , Masuguchi Shinichi , Fukushima Satoshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough the prognosis of patients with extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) treated with radical resection is good, the prognosis of EMPD with distant metastasis is very poor. PIK3CA mutations predict a good response to PIK3CA inhibitors. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence rate of PIK3CA mutations (including multiple mutations [MM]) related to the intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity in EMPD and to evaluate the correlation between these mutations and clinical parameters of EMPD. We performed droplet digital polymerase chain reaction to detect PIK3CA mutations (E542K, E545K, H1047R, and MM) in 68 patients with EMPD. In addition, we investigated the presence of PIK3CA mutations at multiple sites in 16 patients with PIK3CA mutations to assess the intratumor heterogeneity of PIK3CA mutations in EMPD. The frequency of one or more PIK3CA mutations in patients with EMPD was 30.8% (21/68). The frequency of E542K, E545K, H1047R, and MM were 10.2% (7/68), 13.2% (9/68), 11.7% (8/68), and 4.4% (3/68), respectively. No significant correlation was found between PIK3CA mutation patterns and clinical parameters. Of the 21 patients with PIK3CA mutations, 16 with tissue samples that could be analyzed at multiple sites were examined. The proportion of patients with the same PIK3CA mutations at all sites was 12.5% (2/16). The proportion of patients with the same PIK3CA mutations at least two or more sites, but not at all sites, was 31.2% (5/16). The proportion of patients with no PIK3CA mutations at other sites was 37.5% (6/16). The proportion of patients with other PIK3CA mutations at other sites was 18.7% (3/16). There is intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity of PIK3CA mutations. PIK3CA mutations in EMPD may be progressor mutations in EMPD.
Pre‐dispersal seed predation could help explain premature fruit drop in a tropical forest
Authors: Jackson Eleanor E. , Wright S. Joseph , Calderón Osvaldo , Bullock James M. , Oliver Tom , Gripenberg Sofia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Pre‐dispersal seed mortality caused by premature fruit drop is a potentially important source of plant mortality, but one which has rarely been studied in the context of tropical forest plants. Of particular interest is premature fruit drop triggered by enemies, which—if density dependent—could contribute to species coexistence in tropical forest plant communities.

We used a long‐term (31 year) dataset on seed and fruit fall obtained through weekly collections from a network of seed traps in a lowland tropical forest (Barro Colorado Island, Panama) to estimate the proportion of seeds prematurely abscised for 201 woody plant species. To determine whether enemy attack might contribute to premature fruit drop, we tested whether plant species abscise more of their fruit prematurely if they (a) have attributes hypothesised to be associated with high levels of enemy attack and (b) are known to be attacked by one enemy group (insect seed predators). We also tested (c) whether mean rates of premature fruit drop for plant species are phylogenetically conserved.

Overall rates of premature fruit drop were high in the plant community. Across all species, 39% of seeds were abscised before completing their development. Rates of premature seed abscission varied considerably among species and could not be explained by phylogeny. Premature seed abscission rates were higher in species which are known to host pre‐dispersal insect seed predators and species with attributes that were hypothesised to make them more susceptible to attack by pre‐dispersal enemies, namely species which (a) have larger seeds, (b) have a greater average height, (c) have temporally predictable fruiting patterns and (d) are more abundant at the study site.

Synthesis. Premature fruit drop is likely to be a major source of seed mortality for many plant species on Barro Colorado Island. It is plausible that pre‐dispersal seed enemies, such as insect seed predators, contribute to community‐level patterns of premature fruit drop and have the potential to mediate species coexistence through stabilising negative density dependence. Our study suggests that the role of pre‐dispersal enemies in structuring tropical plant communities should be considered alongside the more commonly studied post‐dispersal seed and seedling enemies.
Discovery of the non‐cosmopolitan lineages in Candidatus Thermoprofundales
Authors: Liu Yi‐Fan , Yang Liu , Liu Zhong‐Lin , Chen Jing , Fang Bo , Zhou Lei , Liu Jin‐Feng , Yang Shi‐Zhong , Gu Ji‐Dong , Mu Bo‐Zhong 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe recently proposed order Candidatus Thermoprofundales, currently containing only one family‐level lineage Marine Benthic Group‐D (MBG‐D), is distributed in global subsurface ecosystems and ecologically important, but its diversity, evolution and metabolism remain largely unknown. Here we described two novel family‐level specialized lineages in Ca. Thermoprofundales, JdFR‐43 and HyVt, which are restricted to specific biotopes (primarily in marine hydrothermal vents and occasionally in oil reservoirs and hot springs) in contrast to the cosmopolitan lineage MBG‐D. The comparative genomics revealed that the specialized lineages have streamlined genomes, higher GC contents, enriched genes associated with nucleotide biosynthesis, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair and additional thermostable aminopeptidases, enabling them to adapt to high‐temperature habitats such as marine hydrothermal vents, deep subsurface oil reservoirs and hot springs. On the contrary, the unique metabolic traits of the cosmopolitan MBG‐D, motility, glycolysis, butanoate metabolism, secondary metabolites production and additional genes for specific peptides and carbohydrates degradation potentially enhance its response to environmental change. Substrate preference is found for most MAGs across all lineages with the ability to utilize both polysaccharides (chitin and starch) and proteinaceous substances, whereas JdFR‐43 members from oil reservoirs can only utilize proteins. These results expand the diversity of Ca. Thermoprofundales significantly and further improve our understandings of the adaptations of Ca. Thermoprofundales to various environments.
The association between serum cystatin C and residual renal function in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Zhang Suojian , Li Haitao , Cai Xiaoqin , Zhao Caixia , Cao Juan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study evaluated the association between serum cystatin C and residual renal function (RRF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsThe ability of cystatin C to predict RRF was assessed. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to measure the impact of particular factors on serum cystatin C levels.ResultsThe study included 141 PD patients. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were negatively correlated with RRF (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that serum creatinine and cystatin C could both predict RRF status (p < 0.05), but serum cystatin C had a larger area AUC than creatinine (0.893 vs. 0.757, respectively), p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that RRF Kt/V and Ccr were independent factors affecting serum cystatin C levels (p < 0.001).ConclusionSerum cystatin C levels were closely associated with RRF in PD patients and could reliably predict RRF status. Serum cystatin C levels were determined by RRF, not by PD.
Improving medical student education in radiation oncology: Integrating and evaluating an experiential interdisciplinary workshop into the medical student curriculum
Authors: Swanton Carmen , Morris Lucinda , Agustin Cherry , Brown Alison , Turner Sandra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate a novel interactive educational workshop designed to improve medical student knowledge and awareness of radiation oncology (RO).MethodA 2.5‐h pilot workshop in RO was introduced in 2018 for one teaching hospital cohort of postgraduate medical students. Students participated in a voluntary interactive programme of learning ‘stations’ situated in the RO department, introducing students to practical aspects of RO planning, delivery and patient care. Students were surveyed before and immediately after the workshop to assess their perceptions of its educational value and the impact on RO knowledge and awareness.ResultsForty‐four of 51 students participated in the RO workshop with 44 students (100%) completing the preworkshop survey and 38 students completing postworkshop survey (86%). Twenty‐three of 44 students had prior RO teaching, and 11/23 students (48%) had received between 30 and 60 min of teaching with only 4/44 (9%) confident in their knowledge of RO. Following the workshop, 22/38 (58%) felt their knowledge now met expectations for their level of training. Preworkshop, objective RO knowledge was low, regarding optimal use of RT (25%) and bone pain response (41%) and improved to 100% and 86% respectively. Overall, feedback around workshop value was highly positive with regard to enjoyment (97%) and students commented on the enthusiasm and multidisciplinarity of teachers.ConclusionThere remain large gaps in medical student knowledge and confidence in RO, and intervention is necessary to address these discrepancies. A novel interactive RO workshop for medical students has demonstrated improved awareness and knowledge with high levels of self‐reported learner satisfaction.
Effect of mode of rotation on apical extrusion of debris with four different single‐file endodontic instrumentation systems: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Zubair , Sadaf Durre , MacBain Marcy McCall , Merdad Khalid A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated whether single‐file endodontic instrumentation systems with the reciprocating type of motion are responsible for more debris extrusion than single‐file endodontic instrumentation systems with the full rotational type of motion. Electronic and manual searches were performed following the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis – PRISMA. We included studies comparing rotary (Neoniti and/ OneShape) versus reciprocating (WaveOne and/ Reciproc) systems. We evaluated the quality of studies and performed statistical analysis using R‐Project software. Eight studies of high quality were included to perform the meta‐analysis. Subgroup analysis was also done. The overall risk of bias was too low. In conclusion, single‐file reciprocating systems tend to generate more extrusion of debris than single‐file rotary systems.
Application of computer‐assisted dynamic navigation in complex root canal treatments: Report of two cases of calcified canals
Authors: Villa‐Machado Paula Andrea , Restrepo‐Restrepo Felipe Augusto , Sousa‐Dias Hugo , Tobón‐Arroyave Sergio Iván 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRoot canal treatment and non‐vital bleaching of teeth with pulp canal obliteration may represent a complex challenge to the clinician. This report describes the usefulness of the computer‐assisted dynamic navigation system for the root canal treatment of two cases of teeth with a history of traumatic injury, extensively obliterated root canals and crown discoloration. Clinical and cone‐beam computed tomographic evaluations were completed prior to procedures and 12 months after treatment. Both cases were treated using a computer‐assisted dynamic navigation system coupled to a high‐speed handpiece in order to establish the location and orientation of the partially obliterated canal and endodontic access route planning. The system allowed an accurate localisation of the root canal with a conservative access cavity. At the 12‐month recall examination, the patients continue to be symptom‐free, with a normal appearance of the mucogingival complex, adequate restoration of the tooth colour and intact periapical structures.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing of mycosis fungoides reveals a cluster of actively proliferating lymphocytes
Authors: Kita Kanako , Nakatani‐Kusakabe Minori , Nagai Makoto , Yamanishi Kiyofumi , Natsuaki Masaru , Imai Yasutomo , Kanazawa Nobuo 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTA 70‐year‐old man’s chronic erythematous skin lesion in the extremity had developed into a tumour one year before his first visit at our hospital. A biopsy showed atypical lymphocyte‐like cells, and immunostaining identified atypical cells as CD3+, CD4+, CD5+ and FOXP3+. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analysis using BD Rhapsody revealed the higher expression of CD3, CD4, CD5 and FOXP3 genes in a group of cells that highly expressed genes, such as PCNA, in the S/M phase, which is in agreement with immunofluorescence staining results. The use of scRNA‐seq analysis data is expected to promote personalised medicine for cutaneous lymphoma.
Humoral immune response of BBIBP COVID‐19 vaccination before and after the booster immunization
Authors: Cheng Zhangkai J. , Huang Huimin , Zheng Peiyan , Xue Mingshan , Ma Jing , Zhan Zhiqing , Gan Hui , Zeng Yifeng , Lin Runpei , Li Shiyun , Zhong Ruifen , Li Siping , Wang Hongman , Sun Baoqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe inactivated Sinopharm/BBIBP COVID‐19 vaccine has been widely used in the world and has joined the COVAX vaccine supply program for developing countries. It is also well adapted for usage in low‐ and middle‐income nations due to their low storage requirements.ObjectiveThis study aims to report on the kinetics, durability, and neutralizing ability of the induced immunity of the BBIBP vaccine, and the intensified antibody response elicited by the booster.MethodsA total of 353 healthy adult participants, aged 20–74 years, were recruited in this multicenter study. A standard dose of the BBIBP vaccine was administered (Month 0), followed by a second standard dose (Month 1), and a booster dose (after Month 7). Vaccine‐induced virus‐specific antibody levels (SARS‐CoV‐2‐IgA/IgM/IgG), conventional virus neutralization test (cVNT), pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT), and surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) were monitored over multiple time points.ResultsNeutralizing titers induced by the two doses of inactivated vaccine for COVID‐19 peaked at Month 2 and declined to 33.89% at Month 6. Following the booster dose, elevated levels of antibodies were induced for IgA, IgG, and neutralizing antibodies, with neutralizing titer reaching 13.2 times that of before the booster.ConclusionBy monitoring the antibody titer levels postvaccination, this study has shown that serum antibody levels will decrease over time, but a notable spike in antibody levels postbooster highlights the anamnestic immune response. This signifies that the protection capability has increased following the injection of booster immunization.
T‐cell receptor sequencing specifies psoriasis as a systemic and atopic dermatitis as a skin‐focused, allergen‐driven disease
Authors: Roesner Lennart M. , Farag Ahmed K. , Pospich Rebecca , Traidl Stephan , Werfel Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis represent two of the most common inflammatory skin diseases in developed countries. A hallmark of both diseases is T‐cell infiltration into the skin. However, it is still not clarified to what extent these infiltrating T cells are antigen‐specific skin‐homing T cells or unspecific heterogeneous bystander cells.MethodsTo elucidate this, T cells from lesional skin and from blood of 9 AD and 10 psoriasis patients were compared by receptor (TCR) sequencing. Therefore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cell‐sorted according to expression of the cutaneous leukocyte antigen (CLA) into skin‐homing (CLA+) and non‐skin‐homing (CLA−) subfractions. Aeroallergen‐specific T‐cell lines were grown from AD patients’ PBMC in parallel.ResultsIntra‐individual comparison of TCRB CDR3 regions revealed that clonally expanded T cells in skin lesions of both AD and psoriasis patients corresponded to skin‐homing circulating T cells. However, in psoriasis patients, these T‐cell clones were also detectable to a larger extent among CLA− circulating T cells. Up to 28% of infiltrating cells in AD skin were identified as allergen‐specific by overlapping TCR sequences.ConclusionsOur data show that in line with the systemic nature of psoriasis, T‐cell clones that infiltrate psoriatic skin lesions do not exclusively possess skin‐homing ability and are therefore most probably specific to antigens that are not exclusively expressed or located in the skin. T cells driving AD skin inflammation appear to home nearly exclusively to the skin and are, to a certain extent, specific to aeroallergens.
Strange Seeds: Ethnohistorical Testimonies of the Clandestine Culture of Sacred Plants in Colonial Ecuador
Authors: Corr Rachel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe “plant turn” in anthropology, while controversial, has led to a renewed focus on how humans relate to different species of plants. In this article, I aim to contribute to our knowledge of human‐plant relationships by analyzing how historical actors used sacred plants in past ritual settings. I study criminal and civil cases involving shamans in late colonial Ecuador, with a focus on plant use. Legal records from 1782, 1793, 1800, and 1802 reveal information about the use of fragrant plants believed to have transformative properties, the use of entheogens for non‐visionary purposes, and even the incorporation of the sacred wanduc (Brugmansia sp) into the punishment of one shaman. This plant‐focused approach to the reading of ethnohistorical documents provides a history of particular plants as they were used by individual actors in specific geographic and historical contexts, and sheds light on people’s understanding of human‐plant‐spirit relationships.
New scientific analyses reveal mixing of copper sources in the early Iron Age metal production at Ili, western China
Authors: Liu Cheng , Liu Ruiliang , Zhu Siying , Wu Jie , Pollard A. Mark , Cui Jianfeng , Tong Jianyi , Huan Limin , Hsu Yiu‐Kang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe crucial role that Xinjiang played in cultural communication across the Eurasian steppe in prehistory is evidenced by the large number of copper‐based objects that represent the early metallurgical technologies found across this region. Our research adds new chemical and isotopic analyses of 44 copper‐based objects dated to the early Iron Age of Ili in Xinjiang, western China. As noted in a number of publications, tin bronze and arsenic copper/bronze were the dominant alloying types across Xinjiang during the second and first millennium BC, whereas some specific types of objects such as cauldrons are often made from pure copper. The western Tianshan Mountain, including the well‐known mining site Nulasai, is the most likely copper source for the Ili metalworking. Meanwhile, a combination of lead isotopes, lead concentrations and trace elemental data reveals new evidence for the mixing and recycling of different sources of copper.
Provenance analysis of Roman limestone artefacts from Colonia Iulia Emona (Marof archaeological site, Slovenia)
Authors: Žvab Rožič Petra , Rožič Boštjan , Gale Luka , Brajkovič Rok 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Marof archaeological site, which dates back to the 1st–5th centuries ce, lies 10 km SE of the Roman settlement of Emona of Regio X (Venetia and Histria). In addition to other artefacts, several stone blocks were recovered. The blocks include worked (shaped) and unworked (natural forms) objects. The provenance of these stones was determined based on their lithological characteristics. The analysis shows that the stone is of Early Jurassic age. While the worked blocks are lithologically diverse and extracted from several sources located within a 10 km radius, the unworked blocks are lithologically homogeneous and originate from the site.
Laparoscopic intraperitoneal mesh repair of an incisional hernia after transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction for breast cancer
Authors: Nitta Toshikatsu , Suga Keiji , Ohta Masato , Kataoka Jun , Ishii Masatsugu , Ueda Masahiko , Senpuku Sadakatsu , Iida Ryo , Ishibashi Takashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBreast reconstruction with transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap is performed for the treatment of large defects of the breast. However, this may result in an abdominal wall hernia or bulging. A 53‐year‐old Japanese woman with left breast cancer underwent left skin‐sparing mastectomy, sentinel node lymph node dissection, and immediate reconstruction with a contralateral pedicled TRAM flap. Thirty‐two months following surgery, right lower abdominal wall hernia (15.5 × 12 cm) and bulging were observed at the suprapubic region. The patient was diagnosed with an incisional hernia and was scheduled for laparoscopic intraperitoneal mesh repair. The mesh was coated with an absorbable hydrogel barrier and was trimmed to 26 × 22 cm, with a 5 cm overlap around the defect. The patient demonstrated a good postoperative course. In conclusion, intraperitoneal onlay mesh with hernia repair closure (IPOM‐Plus) is a simple and useful method for hernia repair following TRAM flap reconstruction.
COVID‐19 Disclosures and Market Uncertainty: Evidence from 10‐Q Filings
Authors: Hao Jie , Pham Viet T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe examine whether the quarterly filing COVID‐19 disclosures reduce uncertainty for investors and analysts. We find a negative relationship between COVID‐19 disclosure and return volatility, suggesting COVID‐19 disclosure reduces investor uncertainty. This reduction effect concentrates mainly during the short window following 10‐Q releases and phases out over time. We then detect that industry‐wide COVID‐19 disclosure dispersion is positively associated with return volatility, suggesting high variation of industry‐wide COVID‐19 disclosures reduces information comparability across firms, resulting in increased investor uncertainty. Moreover, we find that COVID‐19 disclosures are positively associated with analysts’ downward earnings forecast revisions and negatively associated with analyst forecast dispersion after 10‐Q releases, suggesting the disclosures reduce information risk even for sophisticated market participants. Further analyses show that COVID‐19 disclosures are negatively associated with future financial and operational performances (i.e., sales, operating cash flow, operating income and ROA). Lastly, we find that the low readability of COVID‐19 disclosure attenuates the negative relation between COVID‐19 disclosure and market volatility. Collectively, our findings suggest that 10‐Q COVID‐19 disclosures contain value‐relevant information that temporarily assists market participants in evaluating the changes in firms’ values in the time of a crisis.