bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifetime and removal reasons for Pietrain boars in European AI centers: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Henneberg Sophie , Kleve-Feld Michael , Schröter Filip , Jung Markus , Schulze Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, artificial insemination (AI) is the most common reproductive method used in swine production. The economic profitability of AI centers is closely linked to a boar’s retention rate and the purchase of replacement boars. The objectives of this study were to examine data of selection process and lifetime of a total of 6,496 purebred Pietrain AI boars and to analyze the frequency and reasons of removal in eight European countries. Data were obtained from two German boar multiplication farms as well as 53 AI centers from 2018 to 2022. The retention time was analyzed from the selection process until replacement and to the end of the examination, respectively. The selection process of the boars took place at 168 ± 5 (mean ± SD) days of age. For further calculations, the removal reasons were divided into nine groups: breeding (BR), died (DI), euthanasia (EU), health (HE), genetics (GE), low libido (LI), sperm quality (SQ), structure (ST), and other (OT). Overall, 56.1% of the examined boars were removed, with 17.5% being removed within the same year they entered the AI center. The annual removal rate for the 53 AI centers averaged 42.4%. The most frequent removal reason was low SQ (45.1%), followed by genetics (28.6%) and low libido (10.6%). The highest relative frequency of removals was observed for an age of 2 yr (34.0%). The highest removal risk was calculated for boars in Czech AI centers (P &lt; 0.001), while the lowest removal risk occurred in Dutch (P = 0.006) and Portuguese AI centers (P = 0.01). The comparison of removal groups revealed, inter alia, higher body weight at selection process for the BR group (117.9 ± 9.0 kg) and longer quarantine periods for LI group (45.9 ± 17.6 d). Boars in the GE group were characterized by the oldest age at removal (934.0 ± 272.8 d) and longest period of exploitation (672.5 ± 266.8 d). The results could be helpful to detect the most common reasons for production failure of AI Pietrain boars and beneficial for establishing an economical removal policy in AI centers and for improving boar management through problem-based selection in boar multiplication farms.
‘Two-step’ percutaneous procedure for repairing the atrial septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension: a case report
Authors: Fu Liang , Wang Ruoxin , Zhao Jinlong , Ni Yinkai , Chen Zonghui , Li Feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Atrial septal defect is the most common type of congenital heart disease. Interventional closure is currently the best treatment for the atrial septal defect. However, the repair strategy for atrial septal defect accompanies by severe pulmonary hypertension remains controversial. We report a case of an atrial septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension in which we applied a perforated occlude for atrial septal defect percutaneously at first. After 6 months, when the pulmonary pressure gradually went down, we completely blocked the reserved hole with a closure device percutaneously. We suggest that the stepwise procedure is an important treatment option for select patients with atrial septal defect accompanied by severe pulmonary hypertension.
Integrating Administrative and Survey Data to Estimate WIC Eligibility and Access
Authors: McBride Linden , Foster Thomas B , Bhaskar Renuka , Prell Mark , Perez-Patron Maria , Vickstrom Erik , Knop Brian , Dillon Michaela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides benefits to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children. To administer WIC, officials and program managers at the federal and state levels want to understand who is eligible for the program, who among the eligible population chooses to participate, and who is not accessing the program despite their eligibility. Novel individual-level data linkages between restricted-use WIC Administrative Records and the American Community Survey provide WIC access rates estimated at the state and county levels, as well as estimates disaggregated by the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of individuals and their households. These estimates are developed by the Census-FNS-ERS Joint Project, a research partnership among the US Census Bureau, the US Department of Agriculture’s Food and Nutrition Service and Economic Research Service, and state WIC agencies that provide the requisite WIC administrative data to the Census Bureau. This article details and evaluates our current data linkage and estimation methods, reports results, and identifies areas for improvement and further research.
Reliability of Force Plate Metrics During Standard Jump, Balance, and Plank Assessments in Military Personnel
Authors: Smith Chelsea , Doma Kenji , Heilbronn Brian , Leicht Anthony 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Prevention of musculoskeletal injury is vital to the readiness, performance, and health of military personnel with the use of specialized systems (e.g., force plates) to assess risk and/or physical performance of interest. This study aimed to identify the reliability of one specialized system during standard assessments in military personnel.

Methods
Sixty-two male and ten female Australian Army soldiers performed a two-leg countermovement jump (CMJ), one-leg CMJ, one-leg balance, and one-arm plank assessments using a Sparta Science force plate system across three testing sessions. Sparta Science (e.g., total Sparta, balance and plank scores, jump height, and injury risk) and biomechanical (e.g., average eccentric rate of contraction, average concentric force, and sway velocity) variables were recorded for all sessions. Mean ± SD, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), coefficient of variation, and bias and limits of agreement were calculated for all variables.

Results
Mean results were similar between sessions 2 and 3 (P &gt; .05). The relative reliability for the Sparta Science (ICC = 0.28-0.91) and biomechanical variables (ICC = 0.03-0.85) was poor to excellent. The mean absolute reliability (coefficient of variation) for Sparta Science variables was similar to or lower than that of the biomechanical variables during the CMJ (1-10% vs. 3-7%), one-leg balance (4-6% vs. 9-14%), and one-arm plank (5-7% vs. 12-17%) assessments. The mean bias for most variables was small (&lt;5% of the mean), while the limits of agreement varied with most unacceptable (±6-87% of the mean).

Conclusions
The reliability of most Sparta Science and biomechanical variables during standard assessments was moderate to good. The typical variability in metrics documented will assist practitioners with the use of emerging technology to monitor and assess injury risk and/or training interventions in military personnel.
Photometric calibration in u-band using blue halo stars
Authors: Liang Shuang , von der Linden Anja 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We develop a method to calibrate u-band photometry based on the observed colour of blue Galactic halo stars. The Galactic halo stars belong to an old stellar population of the Milky Way and have relatively low metallicity. The ‘blue tip’ of the halo population – the main sequence turn-off (MSTO) stars – is known to have a relatively uniform intrinsic edge u-g colour with only slow spatial variation. In SDSS data, the observed variation is correlated with Galactic Latitude, which we attribute to contamination by higher metallicity disc stars and fit with an empirical curve. This curve can then be used to calibrate u-band imaging if g-band imaging of matching depth is available. Our approach can be applied to single-field observations at |b| &gt; 30°, and removes the need for standard star observations or overlap with calibrated u-band imaging. We include in our method the calibration of g-band data with ATLAS-Refcat2. We test our approach on stars in KiDS DR 4, ATLAS DR 4, and DECam imaging from the NOIRLab Source Catalog (NSC DR2), and compare our calibration with SDSS. For this process, we use synthetic magnitudes to derive the colour equations between these data sets, in order to improve zero-point accuracy. We find an improvement for all data sets, reaching a zero-point precision of 0.016 mag for KiDS (compared to the original 0.033 mag), 0.020 mag for ATLAS (originally 0.027 mag), and 0.016 mag for DECam (originally 0.041 mag). Thus, this method alone reaches the goal of 0.02 mag photometric precision in u-band for the Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST).
Relating peak optical luminosity and orbital period of stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries
Authors: Blackmon Victoria A , Maccarone Thomas J 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We compare the peak optical luminosity with the orbital period for a sample of 22 stellar-mass black hole candidates with good measurements of both quantities. We find that the peak absolute magnitude for the outbursts follows a linear relation with MV, peak = 3.48(± 0.85) − 3.89(± 0.91) logPorb, which corresponds to a $L_V \propto P_{orb}^{1.56\pm 0.36}$ power-law relation. Excluding V4641 Sgr which is a strong outlier and not likely to have outbursts produced by the standard disc instability model, in addition to BW Cir and V821 Ara – both of which have highly uncertain distances; the new correlation for the 19 sources is found to be MV, peak = 3.01 (± 0.93) − 3.21 (± 1.04) logPorb, which corresponds to $L_V \propto P_{orb}^{1.28 \pm 0.42}$. This is an analogous relationship to the ‘Warner relation’ between orbital period and peak luminosity found for cataclysmic variables. We discuss the implications of these results for finding black hole X-ray binaries in other galaxies and in our own Galaxy with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and other future large time domain surveys.
Examining the interplay of perceived organizational justice and psychological contract breach on police corruption in Nigeria
Authors: Balogun Anthony Gbenro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrawing upon equity and social exchange theories, this study expands police corruption literature by examining how perceived organizational justice (procedural, distributive, interpersonal, and informational justice) interplays with psychological contract breach (PCB) to predict corrupt tendencies among a sample of the Nigerian police. Two hundred and sixty-three police officers participated in the study. Data analysed using moderated regression statistics indicated that PCB was positively associated with corrupt tendencies. Perceived fairness in organizational procedure, distributive system, interpersonal treatment, and information reduced the extent to which PCB relates with corrupt tendencies among police officers. To reduce the effect of PCB on police corruption, the present findings suggest the need for police authorities and relevant stakeholders to always maintain fairness in their managerial procedures and practices as well as how they treat their employees.
Managing Policing Demand for Digital Forensics through Risk Assessment and Prioritization in England and Wales
Authors: Wilson-Kovacs Dana , Wilcox Jen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Digital forensic helps to unlock the evidential opportunities presented by digital devices. Ninety per cent of all cases in England and Wales carry a digital element and identifying the devices with the most evidential value is central to dealing effectively and efficiently with the demand for digital forensic (DF) analysis. This article offers an ethnographically informed, empirical analysis of how police requests for in-house DF examinations are organized in 35 forces in England and Wales, and the mechanisms, contexts, and challenges of managing-related internal demand, which have been rarely examined systematically in both policing and DF practitioner literature. The analysis illustrates how an updated understanding of risk and prioritization is needed to address the growing demand for DF analysis. The findings call for updated, systematic approaches that encourage the forecasting of internal policing demand collaboratively and bridge between the operational and the technical sides of investigations.
TEAMwork! An Innovative Hospital Medicine Teaching Program to Enhance Learners’ Educational Experience
Authors: Landry Jessica Boat , Seltz Leonard Barry , O’Hara Kimberly 
Published: December 2022

Problem
Workplace-based learning and assessment are dependent on frequent observations, feedback, teaching, and evaluations. Yet high physician workload and multiple learners limit these efforts. A local needs assessment demonstrated insufficient direct observations, small-group teaching, and high-quality evaluations for learners. In response, the authors developed and implemented Teaching Excellence Among Medical providers (TEAM), a teaching program to enhance the educational experience of learners in pediatric hospital medicine (PHM).

Approach
The TEAM program, grounded in a self-regulated learning framework, launched in 2019. The University of Colorado Department of Pediatrics provided salary support. TEAM hospitalists completed professional development for teaching and feedback skills. During their TEAM shifts, they observed, provided feedback, completed evaluations, and led teaching sessions for learners on PHM rotations. The program’s impact was evaluated by using an electronic work tracking form and surveying learners, attending hospitalists, and TEAM hospitalists, leading to iterative program improvements.

Outcomes
Over an 18-month period, TEAM hospitalists completed 1,573 direct observations, 265 teaching sessions attended by 1,921 learners, and more than 497 learner evaluations. Survey results showed that 95% of learners indicated TEAM was “very effective” or “somewhat effective” in helping achieve individualized learning goals, and a similar percentage “strongly agreed” or “agreed” that TEAM hospitalists were effective educators. Eighty-four percent of attending hospitalist survey respondents reported TEAM contributed “very much” or “somewhat” to learner education. Attending hospitalists particularly appreciated TEAM’s ability to focus on learners identified as struggling, while TEAM hospitalists rated observation of rounds and small-group teaching sessions as the most valuable TEAM activities.

Next Steps
The TEAM program employed concepts of self-regulated learning to enhance education in PHM through direct observation, feedback, written evaluations, and teaching efforts. This program can mitigate many challenges facing attending physicians and can serve as a model for other institutions. Next steps include evaluation of higher-level learning outcomes.
Risk Models to Predict Mortality in Burn Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mrad Mohamed Amir , Al Qurashi Abdullah A. , Shah Mardan Qutaiba N. M. , Al Jabr Faisal Ali , Almenhali Ahmed A. , Bamakhrama Basma , Alsharif Bayan , AlEtebi Rakan Abdulkarim A. , Zarkan Abdullah Hatem , Kattan Ibrahim A. , Alsubaie Nasser S. , Gronfula Amin Ghazi 
Published: December 2022

Background:
The predictive capability of various risk assessment models (RAMs) in evaluating the risk of mortality in burn patients is not well established. It is also unclear which RAM provides the highest discriminative ability and presents the highest clinical utility. We pooled all available studies to establish this validity and compare the predictive capability of the various RAMs.

Methods:
We reviewed PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase from their inception up until December 2021 for studies evaluating risk of mortality in burn patients as stratified by RAMs. Data were pooled using random-effect models and presented as area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.

Results:
Thirty-four studies, comprising of a total of 98,610 patients, were included in our analysis. Most studies were found to have a low risk of bias and a good measure of applicability. Nine RAMs were evaluated. We discovered that the classic Baux; the revised Baux; and the Fatality by Longevity, APACHE II score, Measured Extent of burn, and Sex (FLAMES) scores presented with the highest discriminative power with there being no significant difference between the results presented by them [AUROCs (95% CI), 0.92 (0.90–0.95), 0.92 (0.90–0.93), 0.94 (0.91–0.97), respectively, with P < 0.00001 for all].

Conclusions:
Many RAMs exist with no consensus on the optimal model to utilize and assess risk of mortality for burn patients. This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the current RAMs’ discriminative ability to predict mortality in patients with burn injuries. This meta-analysis demonstrated that RAMs designed for assessing mortality in individuals with burns have acceptable to great discriminative capacity, with the classic Baux, revised Baux, and FLAMES demonstrating superior discriminative performance in predicting death. FLAMES exhibited the highest discriminative ability among the RAMs studied.
Nerve injury increases native CaV2.2 trafficking in dorsal root ganglion mechanoreceptors
Authors: Nieto-Rostro Manuela , Patel Ryan , Dickenson Anthony H. , Dolphin Annette C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Neuronal N-type (CaV2.2) voltage-gated calcium channels are essential for neurotransmission from primary afferent terminals in the dorsal horn. In this study, we have used a knockin mouse containing CaV2.2 with an inserted extracellular hemagglutinin tag (CaV2.2_HA), to visualise the pattern of expression of endogenous CaV2.2 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and their primary afferents in the dorsal horn. We examined the effect of partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) and found an increase in CaV2.2_HA only in large and medium dorsal root ganglion neurons and also in deep dorsal horn synaptic terminals. Furthermore, there is a parallel increase in coexpression with GFRα1, present in a population of low threshold mechanoreceptors, both in large DRG neurons and in their terminals. The increased expression of CaV2.2_HA in these DRG neurons and their terminals is dependent on the presence of the auxiliary subunit α2δ-1, which is required for channel trafficking to the cell surface and to synaptic terminals, and it likely contributes to enhanced synaptic transmission at these synapses following PSNL. By contrast, the increase in GFRα1 is not altered in α2δ-1–knockout mice. We also found that following PSNL, there is patchy loss of glomerular synapses immunoreactive for CaV2.2_HA and CGRP or IB4, restricted to the superficial layers of the dorsal horn. This reduction is not dependent on α2δ-1 and likely reflects partial deafferentation of C-nociceptor presynaptic terminals. Therefore, in this pain model, we can distinguish 2 different events affecting specific DRG terminals, with opposite consequences for CaV2.2_HA expression and function in the dorsal horn.
Acute Ischemic Stroke Among Cannabis Users in the United States and Possible Risk Factors for Mortality
Authors: Ramphul Kamleshun , Lohana Petras , Verma Renuka , Kumar Nomesh , Ramphul Yogeshwaree , Arti FNU , Sombans Shaheen , Mejias Stephanie Gonzalez , Kumari Komal 
Published: December 2022

Background:
With changes in state laws, cannabis is now more accessible in many parts of the United States. The drug has previously been associated with a higher incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Our study analyzed the effect of cannabis use on AIS outcomes.

Methods:
The 2019 National Inpatient Sample from Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was used to evaluate the AIS patients ages 25 and more. Cannabis users were compared with nonusers. Their mortality risks were also assessed.

Results:
Five hundred thirty-nine thousand eight hundred eighty patients with AIS were in our study and 8850 used cannabis. Among the cannabis users with AIS, 69.8% were males, 50.6% were white, 61.8% were aged 46 to 65, 32.1% used Medicaid, 86.1% were nonobese, 72.0% were nondiabetics, 81.7% had hypertension, 80.7% did not have a history of alcohol abuse, and 77.5% were smokers (nicotine). Only 12.8% of cannabis users reported any cardiac dysrhythmia, whereas 5.4% required mechanical thrombectomy, and 8.0% received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).
After adjusting the variables, cannabis users covered by Medicare, with diabetes, a history of alcohol abuse, cardiac dysrhythmias, and who underwent mechanical thrombectomy had a higher risk of dying. The overall adjusted odds ratio of dying among cannabis users with AIS was 0.603 (95% CI, 0.504-0.722, P<0.01).

Conclusions:
Although the overall mortality risk seems to be lower among cannabis users, those with certain risk factors still present higher mortality risks. Patients with cannabis use should therefore be monitored closely for possible complications and mortality after AIS.
Wait-and-see strategy is justified after ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy in elderly patients with common biliary duct stones
Authors: Kivivuori Antti , Mattila Laura , Siiki Antti , Laukkarinen Johanna , Rantanen Tuomo , Ukkonen Mika 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND
Older patients with simultaneous main bile duct and gallbladder stones, especially those with high-surgical risks, create a common clinical dilemma. After successful endoscopic removal of main bile duct stones, should these patients undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy to reduce risk of recurrent biliary events? In this population-based cohort study, we report long-term outcomes of a wait-and-see strategy after successful endoscopic extraction of main bile duct stones.

METHODS
Consecutive patients 75 years or older undergoing endoscopic stone extraction without subsequent cholecystectomy in two tertiary academic centers between January 2010 and December 2018 were included. Primary outcome measure was recurrence of biliary events. Secondary outcome measures were operation-related morbidity and mortality.

RESULTS
A total of 450 patients (median age, 85 years; 61% female) were included, with a median follow-up time of 36 months (0–120 months). Recurrent biliary events occurred in 51 patients (11%), with a median time from index hospital admission to recurrence of 307 days (12–1993 days). The most common biliary event was acute cholecystitis (7.1%). Twelve patients had cholangitis (2.7%) and two biliary pancreatitis (0.4%). Only one patient (0.4%) underwent surgery due to later gallstone-related symptoms. Eighteen patients (4.0%) required endoscopic intervention and 16 (3.5%) underwent surgery. There were no operation-associated deaths or morbidity among those undergoing later surgical or endoscopic interventions.

CONCLUSION
In elderly patients, it is relatively safe to leave gallbladder in situ after successful sphincterotomy and endoscopic common bile duct stone removal. In elderly and frail patients, a wait-and-see strategy without routine cholecystectomy rarely leads to clinically significant consequences.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.