bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural evolution and microwave dielectric properties of CaTiO3–La(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 ceramics
Authors: Song Xiao‐Qiang , Yin Chang‐Zhi , Zou Zheng‐Yu , Yang Jia‐Qing , Zeng Fang‐Fang , Wu Jia‐Min , Shi Yu‐Sheng , Lu Wen‐Zhong , Lei Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract(1 − x)CaTiO3–xLa(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3 (CT–LMN; x = 0–1.0) solid solutions were prepared by a solid‐state reaction method. A phase transition from a disordered orthorhombic (Pbnm) structure to a 1:1 ordered monoclinic (P21/n) structure was observed when x increased from 0.5 to 0.6. Some new parameters, such as ionic polarizability in a polyhedron and ionic packing fraction in a polyhedron, were defined to explain the structure–property relationships of CT–LMN ceramics based on the Rietveld refinement results. The measured dielectric constant (εr‐mea) decreased monotonically with B‐site ionic polarizability in the [BO6] octahedron () when the x value increased from 0 to 1.0. The quality factor (Qf) was dominated by the packing fraction of B‐site cations in the [BO6] octahedron (PF[B]), and both presented an increasing trend. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) decreased from +588.5 to −79.7 ppm/°C, and it was highly correlated to the tolerance factor (t), and PF[B]. The highest Qf value is obtained at x = 1.0 when sintered at 1600°C for 10 h with εr = 23.65 ± 0.2, Qf = 33517 ± 2000 GHz (@7.8 GHz), and τf = −79.7 ± 2.0 ppm/°C. Moreover, a near‐zero τf value was achieved at x = 0.4 with εr = 43.52 ± 0.2, Qf = 17239 ± 2000 GHz (@5.2 GHz), and τf = −10.2 ± 2.0 ppm/°C.
The relationship between serum adipokine fibroblast growth factor‐21 and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jia Xiaojiao , Bai Liwei , Ma Ning , Lu Qiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo explore the differences of serum fibroblast growth factor‐21 (FGF‐21) levels in pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to analyze the relationship between FGF‐21 and glucose and lipid metabolic indicators, leptin, retinol binding protein 4 (RBP‐4) and adiponectin in GDM, in order to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of GDM.Materials and MethodsTotal of 120 women were included, and divided into normal glucose tolerance group (58 cases) and GDM group (62 cases) according to the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test results. General information were recorded; height, weight and blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids, insulin, FGF‐21, leptin, RMP‐4, and adiponectin were measured, and body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment‐IR, homeostasis model assessment‐β and area under glucose curve were calculated. The t‐test, Pearson analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the differences and related factors of FGF‐21 in GDM.ResultsThe pre‐pregnancy BMI, pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy and FGF‐21 levels were higher in GDM group, whereas there were no statistically significant differences in leptin, RBP‐4 and adiponectin. Correlation analysis suggested that FGF‐21 level was correlated with age, pre‐pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, RBP‐4 and adiponectin, and the results of multiple linear regression showed that serum FGF‐21 was related to pre‐pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, leptin, RBP‐4 and adiponectin in GDM.ConclusionsThere were higher serum FGF‐21 levels in GDM, which might be related to pre‐pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, leptin, RBP‐4 and adiponectin.
You're joking: Exploring humour and humiliation as forms of shame and obstetric violence within medical encounters
Authors: Smith‐Oka Vania 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite medical guidelines delineating respect towards patients, many encounters between patients and clinicians are problematic, in which patients feel disrespected, unheard, shamed or abused. This article uses an anthropological lens to focus on the imbrication of humour and humiliation as forms of shame and obstetric violence within obstetric encounters. Humour as a form of speech play creates a substrate for the occurrence of humiliation and shaming of obstetric patients. Humour enhances patients' feelings of shame, making them vulnerable to verbal and physical forms of obstetric violence. Ethnographic methods of observation and interviews were performed in two hospitals in the Mexican city of Puebla to uncover clinicians' perceptions and narratives about their patients as problematic others. Narratives about patient worth underscored interactions. Humour and humiliation were centrally present within these interactions. Ultimately, both humour and humiliation functioned as shaming mechanisms that increased the presence of obstetric violence in these encounters. The article examines whether an understanding of shame can improve clinical practice and concludes with implications to clinical practice.
The role of cytokines and vitamin D in vitiligo pathogenesis
Authors: Beyzaee Amir Mohammad , Goldust Mohamad , Patil Anant , Rokni Ghasem Rahmatpour , Beyzaee Samira 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVitiligo is a pigment‐related disease with a global prevalence of 0.2% to 1.8% associated with considerable burden on quality of life. The treatment is still a challenge because of relapses and/or incomplete re‐pigmentation. Although the exact cause is still unclear, its pathogenesis seems to be justifiable with the autoimmune theory, supported by the results of clinical research. In this narrative review, we aimed to summarize the evidence related to cytokines and vitiligo development. This review is consisted of English articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar concerning levels of inflammatory mediators, especially interleukins, in vitiligo patients over the last 20 years. References of relevant articles were also considered for review. Crucial role of dysregulated levels of interleukins and their synergistic function to each other, in the onset or progression of the disease is evident. The theory of autoimmune vitiligo is reinforced by the results of the studies in the literature, due to the association of pathogenesis with increased secretion of pro‐inflammatory mediators and reduction of anti‐inflammatory mediators. Decreased vitamin D levels may have a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1‐ and Th17‐related immune responses. Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis or progression of the disease. Moreover, we believe that decreased vitamin D level has a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1‐ and Th17‐related immune responses.
A comparative study of clinical leadership needs analysis (CLeeNa) as perceived by nurses
Authors: Mrayyan Majd T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to analyse nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs and compare their differences based on the sample's characteristics. Also, it aimed to compare nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs between nurses and nurse managers.BackgroundVarious professional organisations have identified the need to develop clinical leaders. Clinical leadership is about having clinical expertise in specialised fields and having professionals involved in clinical care. However, worldwide, little emphasis is placed on the clinical leadership needs of nurses.MethodsUsing STROBE (https://www.strobe‐statement.org/index.php?id=available‐checklists), a cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2020 using a purposive sample of 349 Jordanian nurses who were surveyed using the CLeeNA instrument. Different descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The response rate in the current study was 69.8%.ResultsThe 7‐point CleeNa scale was reduced into 3 categories 1 = “not important (1–3),” 2 = “Neutral (4)” and 3 = “highly important (5–7).” The total mean score of perceived CleeNa was 2.61(SD = 0.50) indicating “very important.” The highest perceived mean score of the subscales was for “leadership and clinical practice.” In contrast, the lowest perceived mean score of the subscales was “financial and service management.” The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa were higher among married nurses, nurse managers, those who have a master degree or more, aged 35 years or more, had more than 4 years of nursing experience or/and more than 4 years of leadership experience, supervised more than 10 employees and were working in teaching hospitals. The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa scale and subscales of staff and team development, patient safety and risk management, and perceived standards of care were higher among nurse managers when compared with nurses.Conclusion and relevance to clinical practiceResults indicated that innovative clinical leaders are needed. A paucity of research identifies the extent to which clinical leadership is enacted in clinical nursing practice. Developing a clinical leadership programme is warranted to contribute positively to nurses' leadership roles and outcomes, patients' outcomes, and in turn, organisational outcomes.
Nurse‐led telephone follow‐up for early palliative care patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Valenti Vanessa , Rossi Romina , Scarpi Emanuela , Ricci Marianna , Pallotti Maria Caterina , Dall'Agata Monia , Montalti Sandra , Maltoni Marco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAim and objectivesTo present our experience of a nursing telephone consultation service, describing patient and caregiver requests, and outlining ensuing nursing or medical interventions.BackgroundRecently, there has been an increase in the use of telephone consultation for cancer patients. However, there is still limited data on the characteristics of this type of service and on the nature of the interventions carried out.Design and methodsIn this observational retrospective study, we evaluated the phone calls made over a 6‐month period by patients or caregivers to the early palliative care team of a cancer institute. Information regarding telephone calls (frequency, reason and management) was systematically collected by a nursing case manager. The study complies with the STROBE checklist File S1.Results171 patients used the service, for a total of 323 phone calls. The majority (80.8%) were from patients followed at the outpatient clinic and the most common requests were for pain management (38.4%) and for updates on the clinical situation (23.8%). Other frequent requests were for medication management (18.9%) and scheduling (18.3%). 210 of the 323 phone calls were handled by the nurse, while 22 were managed in collaboration with a physician. An 87.6% effectiveness in telephone management was observed.ConclusionThe overall use of the phone service was higher for early palliative care patients. The majority of phone calls were effectively handled by the nursing case manager.Relevance to clinical practiceAn effective and feasible nurse‐led telephone follow‐up of early palliative care patients with advanced cancer could improve their care experience. Specifically, it could impact on patients and families improving quality of life and symptom control securing access to timely care without travel or additional cost.It can also improve continuity of care, adherence to oncological treatments and minimise acute care visits.
Factors preceding occupational distress in emergency nurses: An integrative review
Authors: Caulfield Rebecca , Wiseman Taneal , Gullick Janice , Ogilvie Rebekah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThis integrative review aimed to synthesise current evidence on the factors that precede and contribute to the occupational distress of emergency nurses.BackgroundEmergency nurses practice within an environment challenged by demand exceeding capacity, an inability of staffing to meet this demand in addition to limited resources which contribute to form a unique risk to clinician and patient safety. The risk of occupational distress, while demonstrated across specialties, is noted to be highest in emergency nurses with subsequent impacts for clinicians, organisations and patients being explored. While previous studies have examined singular outcomes or elements, a comprehensive review that considers the factors and components of the overarching occupational distress is not evident in the current published literature.DesignWhittemore and Knafl’s integrative review methodology enabled a structured format for synthesis and analysis of literature.MethodsA review of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psych INFO, Embase, Australian Digital Thesis Network, University Microfilm International and Google Scholar between 2014 and 2021 was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search terms explored the contributions of compassion fatigue, burnout, acute and post‐traumatic stress disorder, and secondary traumatic stress/vicarious trauma to occupational distress. This search resulted in sixteen publications included for synthesis.ResultsLiterature for inclusion was identified as quantitative (seven), qualitative (six) and mixed‐methods (three) studies. Factors identified as contributing to the development of occupational distress arise from the characteristics and situations of individual nurses, local organisational governance and the inherent nature of the emergency nurse role. Consequentially, there are negative impacts on patients, clinicians and healthcare organisations.ConclusionEmergency nurses experience exposure to several unique factors contributing to occupational distress which may originate from individual, organisational, occupational sources or a combination of these. Future research and strategies to address these factors could strengthen clinicians and organisations in the delivery of safe, holistic, high‐quality nursing care.Relevance to clinical practiceEmergency nurses practice in unique and challenging environments which place them at higher risk of occupational distress with subsequent negative impacts for the clinician, healthcare organisation and patients. Through the investigation and development of strategies such as the facilitation of knowledge of patient disposition, emergency nurses may experience an increase in their well‐being, retention, job satisfaction and resiliency.
The impact of COVID‐19 on nurse alcohol consumption: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Searby Adam , Burr Dianna , Redley Bernice 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the long‐term impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on nurse alcohol consumption.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption to healthcare services worldwide, and nurses have not been immune, experiencing burnout, declining mental health and ultimately, attrition from the profession. Increases in alcohol consumption have been reported across subsections of society, including those with pre‐existing mental ill health and experiencing high stress, and exploring this phenomenon in nurses is essential for workforce well‐being and sustainability.DesignQualitative descriptive study design.MethodsSecondary analysis of individual, semi‐structured interviews with nurses (N = 42) from diverse settings across Australia, including community, primary and hospital settings, conducted in July and August 2021. Data were analysed using structural coding and reported in accordance with the CORE‐Q guidelines.FindingsTwo key themes were found after analysis of the data: (1) factors influencing alcohol consumption (subthemes: workplace factors and external factors), and (2) the pandemic's influence on alcohol consumption (subthemes: increased consumption, moderation of consumption and alcohol as a reward).ConclusionsSeveral participants described increased alcohol consumption because of the COVID‐19 pandemic, particularly due to the stress of working in an environment where resources were scarce. Workplace factors such as overtime, missed breaks and heightened workload were all described as driving stress, and in turn increased alcohol consumption.Relevance to clinical practiceIncreased alcohol consumption has been associated with burnout, absenteeism and intention to leave. The nursing profession is currently undergoing significant continuing stress providing care and management to patients with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, and increased alcohol consumption is a significant threat to personal and workforce well‐being, workforce sustainability and quality nursing care.
Risk of malnutrition assessment in hospitalised adults: A scoping review of existing instruments
Authors: Chrástecká Marie , Blanař Vít , Pospíchal Jan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThe aim of this study was to find tools for screening the risk of malnutrition in adult hospitalised patients, evaluate their key characteristics including selected psychometric properties and propose the most appropriate tools for nursing practice.BackgroundA large number of existing tools for nutritional screening make it difficult to be aware of all the possibilities and especially to select the optimal tool.DesignThe research methodology was designed as secondary research using a scoping review search to map and compare existing tools for assessing the risk of malnutrition in hospitalised adults.MethodsThe analysis focused on the selected psychometric properties of the instruments (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value) and key characteristics relevant to the selection of an appropriate instrument. This study follows the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist.ResultsThe review included 27 publications containing 17 tools. The best sensitivity (57%–100%) and specificity (76%–96%) were achieved by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002). Minimal Eating Observation and Nutrition Form‐Version II (MEONF‐II) has solid sensitivity (up to 73%), specificity (88%) and high positive predictive values (81%–82%).ConclusionsThe MUST, NRS 2002 and MEONF‐II showed satisfactory psychometric properties. MEONF‐II and MUST are able to assess risk without weighing the patient. The Hand Grip Strength (HGS) assessment can be recommended to detect reductions in muscle strength.Relevance to clinical practiceWe recommend the MUST, NRS 2002 and MEONF‐II tools for use in clinical practice, as they have the best psychometric properties and are user‐friendly. The HGS, which proved to be related to the length of hospital stay (LOS) and used as an indicator of protein‐energy malnutrition in obese patients, may be a useful complementary tool. For nursing practice, we recommend selecting a tool with respect to the specifics of a particular workplace.
Complete Digital Workflow for Prosthesis Prototype Fabrication with the Double Digital Scanning (DDS) Technique: A Prospective Study on 16 Edentulous Maxillae
Authors: Chochlidakis Konstantinos , Romeo Davide , Ercoli Carlo , Papaspyridakos Panos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of fit of milled prosthesis prototypes for completely edentulous patients using a digital workflow.Materials and methodsSixteen patients received intraoral full‐arch digital scans with the double digital scanning (DDS) technique and the generated standard tessellation language (STL) files were superimposed and imported into computer‐aided design software (Exocad DentalCAD, exocad GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) for design. After the design, each master STL file was used for computer‐aided manufacturing of the prosthesis prototypes through a complete digital workflow. The primary outcome was the accuracy of fit assessment of the digitally fabricated prototypes on verified patient master stone casts. Two blinded clinicians tested the accuracy of fit of the milled prosthesis prototypes on the verified master stone casts utilizing the screw‐resistance test and direct observation.ResultsOut of the 16 digitally fabricated prototypes from intraoral full‐arch digital scans, all 16 presented with an accurate fit on verified master stone casts.ConclusionsDigitally fabricated full‐arch prosthesis prototypes can be generated with a complete digital workflow leading to clinically acceptable fit.
Acceptability of thickened and protein‐enhanced ice cream for use in long‐term care facilities
Authors: McDowell Taylor K. , Lowe Judith , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the acceptability of thickened ice cream with added whey protein to improve protein and fluid intake in long‐term care (LTC) residents living with dysphagia and wounds. Two samples of ice cream were produced, the control sample of thickened ice cream, and thickened ice cream with added whey protein. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) Spoon Tilt Test assessed the consistency of the ice cream samples. A sensory trial asked participants (n = 56) to evaluate the samples for their liking of the appearance, texture, flavor, and overall liking using nine‐point hedonic scales, followed by a check‐all‐that‐apply question. The whey protein sample consistently passed the IDDSI Spoon Tilt Test whereas the control sample did not. The mean hedonic scores across all categories for both samples were not significantly different. The whey protein sample was associated with natural vanilla, creamy flavor, milk/dairy flavor, and buttery attributes which were important drivers of liking, and was not associated with the gumminess which decreased the liking. Findings indicate that whey protein addition to ice cream did not impact the acceptability of the thickened ice cream. This work is relevant to dietetic practice and those working in LTC as this ice cream will help improve quality of life by supporting wound management and safe swallowing. Furthermore, whey protein can be added to ice cream without negatively affecting its' sensory properties.
Patent power in biomedical innovation: Technology governance in biomodifying technologies
Authors: Bicudo Edison , Morrison Michael , Li Phoebe , Faulkner Alex , Webster Andrew , Mourby Miranda , Kaye Jane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiomedical innovation is often rewarded by exclusive proprietary rights such as patents. In the case of gene editing, induced pluripotent stem cells, and three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting (here described as biomodifying technologies), the limitations of the patent system come into stark relief, generating both technical and political doubts. Generally, political and technological limitations are supposed to be solved with so‐called good governance, based on some principles. We focus on three of such governance principles (participation, accountability, and transparency) to show how they have been weakened, instead of strengthened, by the current patent system. We demonstrate that although patent applications are submitted by both public and private players, the latter have imposed a growing dominance in gene editing, induced pluripotent stem cells, and 3D bioprinting, disseminating their aggressive and exclusive strategies. As a consequence, a logic of experimentality tends to prevail where the three fundamental governance principles fail to be enacted.