bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New endoscopic tools in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Nardone Olga Maria , Cannatelli Rosanna , Ghosh Subrata , Iacucci Marietta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEndoscopic remission is now considered the ultimate long‐term goal for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent advances in endoscopic techniques have progressively added new tools to the armamentarium of endoscopists for a deeper assessment and characterisation of the intestinal mucosa. Virtual Electronic chromoendoscopy is widely available in the endoscopic units, leading to a more accurate evaluation of the vascular and mucosal architecture of the colon, reducing the gap with histology, which is considered a favourable long‐term measure. In addition, advanced, sophisticated techniques such as endocytoscope and confocal laser endomicroscopy provide insights into individualised and personalised IBD therapy. Finally, high expectations are placed on the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with promising applications that have the potential to revolutionise IBD diagnosis and management. Here, we discuss state‐of‐the‐art of endoscopic techniques and their applicability to accurate assess endoscopic and histological remission, predict response to therapy and detect, characterise and guide treatment of colonic dysplastic lesions. We are seeing the dawn of a new era wherein the applications of these new endoscopic tools, hand in hand with AI, offer the most incredible opportunity to deliver precision medicine to patients with IBD.
Intersektionalität in der Teilhabeforschung
Authors: Dederich Markus 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden zunächst Kerngedanken der Intersektionalitätsforschung zusammenfassend dargestellt und bisher nicht hinreichend geklärte Fragen benannt. In weiteren Schritten wird das Potenzial der Intersektionalitätsforschung als machtkritisches Instrument der Analyse von sozialen Ungleichheitslagen für den Kontext Behinderung sowie die Inklusions- und Teilhabeforschung skizziert und eine Reihe noch ungelöster Probleme herausgestellt.
First extraction of inclusive Vcb from q2 moments
Authors: Bernlochner Florian , Fael Matteo , Olschewsky Kevin , Persson Eric , van Tonder Raynette , Vos K. Keri , Welsch Maximilian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present the first determination of Vcb from inclusive $$ B\to {X}_c \ell {\overline{v}}_{\ell} $$
B
→

X
c

ℓ

v
¯

ℓ

using moments of the dilepton invariant mass, q2. These moments are reparametrization invariant quantities and depend on a reduced set of non-perturbative parameters. This reduced set of parameters opens a new path to extract these parameters up to $$ 1/{m}_b^4 $$
1
/

m
b
4

purely from data and can potentially reduce the uncertainty on Vcb. In this paper, we present our first determination of Vcb using this method. Combining the recent measurements of q2 moments by Belle and Belle II, our default fit gives |Vcb| = (41.69±0.63)·10−3. This result presents an important independent cross check of, and is consistent with, the previous state-of-the-art inclusive determinations using lepton energy and hadronic invariant mass moments.
Worldsheet dual of free $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 quiver gauge theories
Authors: Gaberdiel Matthias R. , Galvagno Francesco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For a special family of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal quiver theories, the worldsheet dual corresponding to the free theory is identified. This result is obtained from the recently proposed worldsheet dual of free $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM by applying a ℤk orbifold. In support of our proposal we show that the spectrum of both the untwisted as well as the twisted sectors coincides between the two descriptions.
Absolute neutrino mass scale and dark matter stability from flavour symmetry
Authors: Chuliá Salvador Centelles , Cepedello Ricardo , Medina Omar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We explore a simple but extremely predictive extension of the scotogenic model. We promote the scotogenic symmetry ℤ2 to the flavour non-Abelian symmetry Σ(81), which can also automatically protect dark matter stability. In addition, Σ(81) leads to striking predictions in the lepton sector: only Inverted Ordering is realised, the absolute neutrino mass scale is predicted to be mlightest≈ 7.5×10−4 eV and the Majorana phases are correlated in such a way that |mee| ≈ 0.018 eV. The model also leads to a strong correlation between the solar mixing angle θ12 and δCP, which may be falsified by the next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments. The setup is minimal in the sense that no additional symmetries or flavons are required.
The relevance of wall roughness modeling for simulation of powder flows in laser metal deposition nozzles
Authors: Haghshenas Armin , Bohlen Annika , Tyralla Dieter , Groll Rodion 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoint-particle large-eddy simulations and high-speed imaging are used to investigate effects of wall roughness and particle size on characteristics of a powder flow issuing from a vertical, round nozzle. Wall roughness effects on dynamics of particles can be characterized by the standard deviation of the roughness angle distribution $$\Delta \gamma$$

Δ
γ

, which is a hybrid roughness parameter that represents a combination of amplitude and spacing roughness parameters. We optically scan the inner nozzle surface to obtain the two-dimensional roughness profiles, using which $$\Delta \gamma$$

Δ
γ

is estimated. We adopt a stochastic approach in the numerical simulations to model the wall roughness. We find that this modeling is essential to obtain a good agreement between simulation and experimental results. The wall roughness is found to enhance the transverse dispersion of particles and to eliminate the preferential accumulation of particles in the near-wall region, giving rise to reduction of the mean particle velocity within the nozzle and to clustering of the particles in the nozzle core. Results also reveal that an increase in the particle size (characterized by Stokes number) and in the wall roughness leads to a reduction of the particle velocity and to an enhancement of the particle-stream divergence throughout the jet region. However, a saturation behaviour is observed in the particle-stream divergence with the Stokes number. All this dependence is rationalized by the fact that the Stokes number characterizes the particle response to the gas flow and the wall roughness determines the inelastic particle-wall collision frequency.
ERAS guidelines-driven upper gastrointestinal contrast study after esophagectomy can detect delayed gastric conduit emptying and improve outcomes
Authors: Klevebro F. , Konradsson M. , Han S. , Luttikhold J. , Nilsson M. , Lindblad M. , Andersson M. , Low D. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Delayed gastric conduit emptying can occur after esophagectomy and has been shown to be associated with increased risk for postoperative complications. Application of a standardized clinical protocol after esophagectomy including an upper gastrointestinal contrast study has the potential to improve postoperative outcomes.

Methods
Prospective cohort including all patients operated with esophagectomy at two high-volume centers for esophageal surgery. The standardized clinical protocol included an upper gastrointestinal contrast study on day 2 or 3 after surgery. All images were compiled and evaluated for the purpose of the study. Clinical data was collected in IRB approved institutional databases at the participating centers.

Results
The study included 119 patients treated with esophagectomy of whom 112 (94.1%) completed an upper gastrointestinal contrast study. The results showed that 8 (7.1%) patients had radiological delayed gastric conduit emptying defined as no emptying of contrast through the pylorus. Partial conduit emptying was seen in 34 (30.4%) patients, and 70 (62.5%) patients had complete conduit emptying. Complete or partial emptying was associated with significantly earlier nasogastric tube removal (3 vs. 6 days) and hospital discharge 8 vs. 17 days, P < 0.001). Radiological signs of delayed gastric conduit emptying were shown to be associated with increased risk of postoperative complications. There was, however, no association with severe postoperative complications according to Clavien–Dindo score, pulmonary complications, anastomotic leak or need for intensive care.

Conclusion
The results of the study demonstrate that postoperative upper gastrointestinal contrast studies can be used to assess the level of emptying of the gastric conduit after esophagectomy. Application of upper gastrointestinal contrast study in the ERAS guidelines-driven standardized clinical pathway after esophagectomy has the potential to improve postoperative outcomes.
Acute kidney injury and diabetic kidney disease in children with acute complications of diabetes
Authors: Soltysiak Jolanta , Krzysko-Pieczka Izabela , Gertig-Kolasa Anna , Mularz Ewa , Skowrońska Bogda , Ostalska-Nowicka Danuta , Zachwieja Jacek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemia without ketoacidosis are common acute complications of diabetes. Their association with acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was studied.

Methods
The study group consisted of 197 children with type 1 diabetes with average diabetes duration of 8.08 ± 2.32 years. The medical history of the patients was retrospectively reviewed. The number of children with severe hyperglycaemia, DKA and AKI was assessed. The association with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was analysed.

Results
AKI was found in 14% of cases hospitalised for DKA and 8% of cases hospitalised for hyperglycaemia. Patients with AKI showed a significantly increased corrected sodium (141.23 ± 5.09 mmol/L, p = 0.035). Patients with AKI in DKA showed a significant increase in WBC (20.73 ± 8.71 × 103/µL, p = 0.0009). Follow-up analysis after a minimum of 5 years of diabetes revealed that a single episode of DKA was found in 63 patients and a single episode of AKI in 18 patients. Two or more episodes of DKA were found in 18 patients, and nine cases were complicated by AKI. These patients showed a significant increase in urinary albumin excretion (44.20 ± 64.21 mg/24 h), the highest values of eGFR and the worst glycaemic control.

Conclusions
Diabetic children can develop AKI in the course of DKA and hyperglycaemia without ketoacidosis, which is associated with volume depletion and reflected by corrected sodium concentration. AKI in DKA seems to be complicated by stress and inflammation activation. AKI and poor glycaemic control with repeated DKA episodes can magnify the risk of progression to DKD.

Graphical abstract
Tackling AMR from a multidisciplinary perspective: a primer from education and psychology
Authors: Calvo-Villamañán Alicia , San Millán Álvaro , Carrilero Laura 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently one of the most concerning threats in public health. The efforts to tackle the problem require a global One Health approach, using multidisciplinary approaches and a thorough understanding of the topic both by the general public and the experts. Currently, the lack of a shared mental model of the problem, the absence of a sense of responsibility amongst the different actors and a deficient education on the topic burden the efforts to slow down the emergency and spread of antimicrobial resistant infections. We here propose a multidisciplinary approach to tackle the AMR problem, taking into consideration not only the input from the biological and medical sciences but also the input from the social sciences. Specifically, we suggest strategies from education and psychology to increase awareness about antimicrobial resistance and to implement more effective interventions. Finally, we advocate for a comprehensive and a solidaristic model as the only solution for a problem which knows no borders. As such, political will and international cooperation will be key to achieve the desired change in antibiotic resistance trend.
Community engagement and data quality: best practices and lessons learned from a citizen science project on birdsong
Authors: Jäckel Denise , Mortega Kim G. , Darwin Sarah , Brockmeyer Ulrich , Sturm Ulrike , Lasseck Mario , Moczek Nicola , Lehmann Gerlind U. C. , Voigt-Heucke Silke L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCitizen Science (CS) is a research approach that has become popular in recent years and offers innovative potential for dialect research in ornithology. As the scepticism about CS data is still widespread, we analysed the development of a 3-year CS project based on the song of the Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) to share best practices and lessons learned. We focused on the data scope, individual engagement, spatial distribution and species misidentifications from recordings generated before (2018, 2019) and during the COVID-19 outbreak (2020) with a smartphone using the ‘Naturblick’ app. The number of nightingale song recordings and individual engagement increased steadily and peaked in the season during the pandemic. 13,991 nightingale song recordings were generated by anonymous (64%) and non-anonymous participants (36%). As the project developed, the spatial distribution of recordings expanded (from Berlin based to nationwide). The rates of species misidentifications were low, decreased in the course of the project (10–1%) and were mainly affected by vocal similarities with other bird species. This study further showed that community engagement and data quality were not directly affected by dissemination activities, but that the former was influenced by external factors and the latter benefited from the app. We conclude that CS projects using smartphone apps with an integrated pattern recognition algorithm are well suited to support bioacoustic research in ornithology. Based on our findings, we recommend setting up CS projects over the long term to build an engaged community which generates high data quality for robust scientific conclusions.
The Academic Freedom Index and Its indicators: Introduction to new global time-series V-Dem data
Authors: Spannagel Janika , Kinzelbach Katrin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Academic Freedom Index is the first conceptually thorough assessment of academic freedom worldwide and a times series dataset going back to 1900. While some previous datasets exist, they are geographically limited and methodologically or conceptually insufficient to offer a comprehensive picture of the levels of academic freedom across time and space. This paper introduces the new expert-coded dataset that includes the overall Academic Freedom Index alongside several specific indicators, to which more than 2050 country experts around the world have contributed and which is freely available as part of V-Dem’s time-series data releases. The paper discusses its advantages compared to other types of data on academic freedom, details the conceptualization of the new indicators, and offers a content and convergent validation of the results. The dataset provides ample opportunities for scholars to conduct in-depth research on academic freedom and its infringements, and for policymakers and advocates to monitor and analyze patterns and trends of academic freedom around the world.
Comparison of Kidney Transplantation Outcomes Between Patients with and Without Pre-transplantation Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review
Authors: Mousapour Pouria , Ling Jonathan , Zimbudzi Edward 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the impact of bariatric surgery, performed to improve eligibility for kidney transplantation, on post-transplantation outcomes. A systematic literature search was performed for articles published by 30 January 2022. A total of 31 studies were included. Among patients without pre-transplantation bariatric surgery, 18 studies reported 13.7% graft loss and 9.1% mortality within 5 years’ post-transplantation. Among recipients with pre-transplantation bariatric surgery, 15 studies reported 8.7% graft loss and 2.8% mortality within 1 month to over 5 years’ post-transplantation. Two case–control studies comparing post-transplantation outcomes between recipients with and without prior bariatric surgery demonstrated no significant differences between groups for graft loss, patient mortality, delayed graft function, wound complications and lymphocele. Non-randomized selection of patients and different lengths of follow-up limit the results of this study.
Exploring the Potential for Steel Slags Valorisation in an Industrial Symbiosis Perspective at Meso-scale Level
Authors: Piemonti A. , Conforti A. , Cominoli L. , Luciano A. , Plizzari G. , Sorlini S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA greater reuse of steel slags would bring considerable benefits both from an environmental and economic point of view. The development of tools and strategies to monitor at different scales resources and waste flows would allow for better resource planning and a more sustainable management on territory. The aim of this study is to investigate and analyse the supply chain that deals with the management of steel slags at meso-level, in order to investigate the state of implementation of industrial symbiosis (IS), its potential and its improvement. A Mass Flow Analysis (MFA) has been implemented, through big data analysis coming from the integration of regional and provincial databases with a careful data processing from questionnaires. This integrated methodology has proved to be a valid tool to monitor the recovery and reuse, the implementation of industrial symbiosis and to plan improvement actions. This paper reports a representation of the current situation regarding the production, recovery and reuse of these materials in production processes for which they are suitable, with a view to their full exploitation, following the principles of circular economy and an analysis of the mutual exchange that occur among steelmaking plants and other business partners in a network of industrial companies. The results showed that most of the steel slags managed at meso-level (Province of Brescia, Italy) is still unfortunately destined for landfill with low percentage of them classified as by-product highlighting as the IS is not adequately applied. Of the slag destined for treatments and recovery processes, almost all of them are Electric Arc Furnace slag, which are mainly reused for hydraulically bound base layers and road sub-bases (about 85% of the total recovered) and as aggregates for the production of cement and bituminous mixes (about 15% of the total recovered). Results shows as further effort should be made in term of policies and strategies to incentivize IS and to increase the recovery.
Graphical abstract
Farkas’ Lemma in the bilinear setting and evaluation functionals
Authors: Aron Richard , García Domingo , Pinasco Damián , Zalduendo Ignacio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe prove the following Farkas’ Lemma for simultaneously diagonalizable bilinear forms: If $$A_1,\ldots ,A_k$$

A
1

,
…
,

A
k

, and $$B:\mathbb {R}^n \times \mathbb {R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

B
:

R

n

×

R

n

→
R

are bilinear forms, then one—and only one—of the following holds:

$$B=a_1 A_1 + \cdots + a_k A_k,$$

B
=

a
1

A
1

+
⋯
+

a
k

A
k

,

with non-negative $$a_i\text {'s}$$

a
i

's

,

there exists (x, y) for which $$A_1(x,y) \ge 0 , \ldots , A_k(x,y) \ge 0$$

A
1

(
x
,
y
)

≥
0
,
…
,

A
k

(
x
,
y
)

≥
0

and $$B(x,y) < 0$$

B
(
x
,
y
)
<
0

.

We study evaluation maps over the space of bilinear forms and consequently construct examples in which Farkas’ Lemma fails in the bilinear setting.
Plagiarism as an academic literacy issue: the comprehension, writing and consulting strategies of Portuguese university students
Authors: Festas Isabel , Seixas Ana , Matos Armanda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn aiming to frame plagiarism as an academic literacy issue, this paper focuses on the strategies used by firsts years Portuguese university students, when writing from sources, along with the relationship between these strategies and the way students view themselves as readers, writers and users of sources. The study was based on 44 short summary essays written by students as well as their responses to a questionnaire and checklist on citation rules. The evaluation of the essays revealed that students often use copying and patchwriting. In addition, we found that much of the time students changed the meaning of the content expressed in the source. In relation to the way students evaluated themselves, generally their view was they used appropriate strategies. The study did not reveal a relationship between perceptions of using appropriate strategies and the use of those same strategies. Nonetheless, we found an association between performance and perceptions of using copying. Perceived use of a ‘think-then-do’ strategy was also related to changing the meaning when writing from sources. Concerning school achievement, stronger students evaluated themselves as using more appropriate strategies, and those who had not previously failed (a) school year(s) also displayed a better knowledge of citation rules. However, we failed to find any relationship between school achievement and the use of strategies for writing from sources. The main findings of the current research point to the existence of issues concerning how to address academic literacy, findings that go beyond plagiarism and, consequently, indicate the need for pedagogical responses.
Association of pain and risk of falls in community-dwelling adults: a prospective study in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Ogliari Giulia , Ryg Jesper , Andersen-Ranberg Karen , Scheel-Hincke Lasse Lybecker , Collins Jemima T. , Cowley Alison , Di Lorito Claudio , Howe Louise , Robinson Katie R. , Booth Vicky , Walsh David A. , Gladman John R. F. , Harwood Rowan H. , Masud Tahir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the longitudinal associations between pain and falls risks in adults.

Methods
Prospective cohort study on data from 40,636 community-dwelling adults ≥ 50 years assessed in Wave 5 and 6 in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected at baseline (Wave 5). At 2-year follow-up (Wave 6), falls in the previous 6 months were recorded. The longitudinal associations between pain intensity, number of pain sites and pain in specific anatomic sites, respectively, and falls risk were analysed by binary logistic regression models; odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated. All analyses were adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical factors and stratified by sex.

Results
Mean age was 65.8 years (standard deviation 9.3; range 50–103); 22,486 (55.3%) participants were women. At follow-up, 2805 (6.9%) participants reported fall(s) in the previous 6 months. After adjustment, participants with moderate and severe pain at baseline had an increased falls risk at follow-up of 1.35 (1.21–1.51) and 1.52 (1.31–1.75), respectively, compared to those without pain (both p < 0.001); mild pain was not associated with falls risk. Associations between pain intensity and falls risk were greater at younger age (p for interaction < 0.001). Among participants with pain, pain in ≥ 2 sites or all over (multisite pain) was associated with an increased falls risk of 1.29 (1.14–1.45) compared to pain in one site (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Moderate, severe and multisite pain were associated with an increased risk of subsequent falls in adults.