bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contributors to negative biopsychosocial health or performance outcomes in rugby players (CoNBO): a systematic review and Delphi study protocol
Authors: McCormack Sam , Till Kevin , Wenlock Jessica , Whitehead Sarah , Stokes Keith A , Bitcon Mark , Brown James , Cross Matt , Davies Phil , Falvey Éanna C , Flahive Sharron , Gardner Andrew , Hendricks Sharief , Johnston Rich , Mellalieu Stephen D , Parmley James , Phillips Gemma , Ramirez Carlos , Stein Joshua , Scantlebury Sean , West Stephen W , Jones Ben 
Published: October 2022

The importance of contributors that can result in negative player outcomes in sport and the feasibility and barriers to modifying these to optimise player health and well-being have yet to be established. Within rugby codes (rugby league, rugby union and rugby sevens), within male and female cohorts across playing levels (full-time senior, part-time senior, age grade), this project aims to develop a consensus oncontributors tonegativebiopsychosocialoutcomes in rugby players (known as the CoNBO study) and establish stakeholder perceived importance of the identified contributors and barriers to their management. This project will consist of three parts; part 1: a systematic review, part 2: a three-round expert Delphi study and part 3: stakeholder rating of feasibility and barriers to management. Within part 1, systematic searches of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL) will be performed. The systematic review protocol is registered with PROSPERO. Studies will be searched to identify physical, psychological and/or social factors resulting in negative player outcomes in rugby. Part 2 will consist of a three-round expert Delphi consensus study to establish additional physical, psychological and/or social factors that result in negative player outcomes in rugby and their importance. In part 3, stakeholders (eg, coaches, chief executive officers and players) will provide perceptions of the feasibility and barriers to modifying the identified factors within their setting. On completion, several manuscripts will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. The findings of this project have worldwide relevance for stakeholders in the rugby codes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022346751.
Effects of adding graded levels ofAchyranthes japonicaroot extract to low crude protein diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, and meat quality parameters in broilers
Authors: Hossain Md Mortuza , Cho Sung Bo , Kim In Ho 
Published: October 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Achyranthes japonica root extract (AJE) added to a low-protein diet on broiler growth performance, nutrient utilization, cecal microbiota, and meat quality parameters. A total of 450 Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were standard crude protein (SCP) diet, low crude protein (LCP) diet, and LCP diet supplemented with 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06% AJE. Here, the SCP and LCP diets were 21.50% and 21.07% CP during days 8–21 and 20.00% and 19.40% CP during days 22–35, respectively. The LCP diet tended to decrease total body weight gain (TBWG) compared with the SCP diet. Increasing levels of AJE inclusion linearly increased ( P < 0.05) TBWG and the LCP diet supplemented with AJE also increased ( P < 0.05) TBWG compared with the LCP diet, whereas feed intake and feed conversion ratio were unaffected. AJE supplementation to the LCP diet tended to increase energy digestibility compared with the LCP diet. Breast muscle weight tended to increase by a graded level of AJE supplementation. In conclusion, AJE supplementation represented a potential ability to maintain a similar growth performance when added to a low-protein diet by enhancing nitrogen digestibility and meat quality in broilers.
Geodesic congruences in modified Schwarzschild black holes
Authors: Wang Zi-Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigate two different kinds of modified Schwarzschild black holes: A regularized Schwarzschild black hole and a quantum deformed Schwarzschild black hole. We study the geodesics and geodesic congruences in these two modified Schwarzschild black holes. In particular, we calculate the expansion of radial timelike and null geodesic congruences. Based on these results, we discuss some similarities and differences between these two kinds of modified Schwarzschild black holes.
Innovation in the Teaching Mathematics: Rethinking the Foundational Principles that Underpin Teaching
Authors: Liljedahl Peter 
Published: October 2022

If we want to innovate mathematics education — if we want to achieve something beyond conformity and compliance in mathematics education — these institutional norms need to be challenged. In this paper, I look at the results-first research methodology in which the institutional norms are challenged by the simple goal of increasing student thinking in the classroom. I share the specific results that emerged out of this research and use it as a specific case to argue that real innovation in mathematics education can only occur if we are willing to challenge the institutional norms that have been with us for 150 years.
Optimal Algorithms for Right-sizing Data Centers
Authors: Albers Susanne , Quedenfeld Jens 
Published: October 2022

Electricity cost is a dominant and rapidly growing expense in data centers. Unfortunately, much of the consumed energy is wasted, because servers are idle for extended periods of time. We study a capacity management problem that dynamically right-sizes a data center, matching the number of active servers with the varying demand for computing capacity. We resort to a data-center optimization problem introduced by Lin, Wierman, Andrew, and Thereska [
25
,
27
] that, over a time horizon, minimizes a combined objective function consisting of operating cost, modeled by a sequence of convex functions, and server switching cost. All prior work addresses a continuous setting in which the number of active servers, at any time, may take a fractional value.

In this article, we investigate for the first time the discrete data-center optimization problem where the number of active servers, at any time, must be integer valued. Thereby, we seek truly feasible solutions. First, we show that the offline problem can be solved in polynomial time. Our algorithm relies on a new, yet intuitive graph theoretic model of the optimization problem and performs binary search in a layered graph. Second, we study the online problem and extend the algorithm
Lazy Capacity Provisioning
(LCP) by Lin et al. [
25
,
27
] to the discrete setting. We prove that LCP is 3-competitive. Moreover, we show that no deterministic online algorithm can achieve a competitive ratio smaller than 3. Hence, while LCP does not attain an optimal competitiveness in the continuous setting, it does so in the discrete problem examined here. We prove that the lower bound of 3 also holds in a problem variant with more restricted operating cost functions, introduced by Lin et al. [
25
].

In addition, we develop a randomized online algorithm that is 2-competitive against an oblivious adversary. It is based on the algorithm of Bansal et al. [
7
] (a deterministic, 2-competitive algorithm for the continuous setting) and uses randomized rounding to obtain an integral solution. Moreover, we prove that 2 is a lower bound for the competitive ratio of randomized online algorithms, so our algorithm is optimal. We prove that the lower bound still holds for the more restricted model.

Finally, we address the continuous setting and give a lower bound of 2 on the best competitiveness of online algorithms. This matches an upper bound by Bansal et al. [
7
]. A lower bound of 2 was also shown by Antoniadis and Schewior [
4
]. We develop an independent proof that extends to the scenario with more restricted operating cost.
SMAD4 Loss Induces c-MYC–Mediated NLE1 Upregulation to Support Protein Biosynthesis, Colorectal Cancer Growth, and Metastasis
Authors: Loevenich Leon P. , Tschurtschenthaler Markus , Rokavec Matjaz , Silva Miguel G. , Jesinghaus Moritz , Kirchner Thomas , Klauschen Frederick , Saur Dieter , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko , Jung Peter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer is closely connected to the biosynthetic capacity of tumor cells, and colorectal cancer stem cells that reside at the top of the intratumoral hierarchy are especially dependent on this feature. By performing disease modeling on patient-derived tumor organoids, we found that elevated expression of the ribosome biogenesis factor NLE1 occurs upon SMAD4 loss in TGFβ1-exposed colorectal cancer organoids. TGFβ signaling-mediated downregulation of NLE1 was prevented by ectopic expression of c-MYC, which occupied an E-box–containing region within the NLE1 promoter. Elevated levels of NLE1 were found in colorectal cancer cohorts compared with normal tissues and in colorectal cancer subtypes characterized by Wnt/MYC and intestinal stem cell gene expression. In colorectal cancer cells and organoids, NLE1 was limiting for de novo protein biosynthesis. Upon NLE1 ablation, colorectal cancer cell lines activated p38/MAPK signaling, accumulated p62- and LC3-positive structures indicative of impaired autophagy, and displayed more reactive oxygen species. Phenotypically, knockout of NLE1 inhibit.ed proliferation, migration and invasion, clonogenicity, and anchorage-independent growth. NLE1 loss also increased the fraction of apoptotic tumor cells, and deletion of TP53 further sensitized NLE1-deficient colorectal cancer cells to apoptosis. In an endoscopy-guided orthotopic mouse transplantation model, ablation of NLE1 impaired tumor growth in the colon and reduced primary tumor-derived liver metastasis. In patients with colorectal cancer, NLE1 mRNA levels predicted overall and relapse-free survival. Taken together, these data reveal a critical role of NLE1 in colorectal cancer growth and progression and suggest that NLE1 represents a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer patients.

Significance:
NLE1 limits de novo protein biosynthesis and the tumorigenic potential of advanced colorectal cancer cells, suggesting NLE1 could be targeted to improve the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Machine Learning Approach to Predict In‐Hospital Mortality in Patients Admitted for Peripheral Artery Disease in the United States
Authors: Zhang Donglan , Li Yike , Kalbaugh Corey Andrew , Shi Lu , Divers Jasmin , Islam Shahidul , Annex Brian H. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects >10 million people in the United States. PAD is associated with poor outcomes, including premature death. Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly used on big data to predict clinical outcomes. This study aims to develop ML models to predict in‐hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for PAD based on a national database.

Methods and Results

Inpatient hospitalization data were obtained from the 2016 to 2019 National Inpatient Sample. A total of 150 921 inpatients were identified with a primary diagnosis of PAD and PAD‐related procedures using codes of the
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐10‐CM
) and
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD‐10‐PCS)
. Four ML models, including logistic regression, random forest, light gradient boosting, and extreme gradient boosting models, were trained to predict the risk of in‐hospital death based on a selection of variables, including patient characteristics, comorbidities, procedures, and hospital‐related factors. In‐hospital mortality occurred in 1.8% of patients. The performance of the 4 models was comparable, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging from 0.83 to 0.85, sensitivity of 77% to 82%, and specificity of 72% to 75%. These results suggest adequate predictability for clinical decision‐making. In all 4 models, the total number of diagnoses and procedures, age, endovascular revascularization procedure, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and diabetes with complications were critical predictors of in‐hospital mortality.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the feasibility of ML in predicting in‐hospital mortality in patients with a primary PAD diagnosis. Findings highlight the potential of ML models in identifying high‐risk patients for poor outcomes and guiding personalized intervention.
‘From Mozambique in Indies of Portugal’
Authors: Gharala Norah L.A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Between the mid-sixteenth and late-seventeenth centuries, a minority of enslaved people in Spanish America came from the western Indian Ocean world. Europeans trafficked “Mozambiques” into central Mexico as early as the 1540s, but the terms connecting people to Eastern Africa remained nebulous to imperial authorities. Changeable and malleable, terms like “mozambique” or “cafre de pasa” circulated widely and developed layers of meaning as enslaved people moved among the port cities of the Iberian empires. These vocabularies of difference associated Blackness with the Indo-Pacific in Mexican historical documents. Tracing the experiences of enslaved people of East African origins in Mexico complicates the conflation of Blackness, slavery, and Atlantic Africa. Before the eighteenth century, historical sources point to an overlapping of categories denoting Africanness and Asianness in Mexico.
Purchasing Slaves Overseas for the Business of War
Authors: Maréchaux Benoît 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Drawing on merchant letters and account books of military entrepreneurs, whose role in slave markets is still poorly understood, this article explores the Mediterranean activities of the Genoese contractors who emerged as major slave traffickers while operating galleys for the Spanish Monarchy. By examining their operations as slave buyers rather than as slave makers, this study analyzes how and why early modern military entrepreneurs mobilized forced labor beyond national borders. The article shows that in the specific context of the early 17th century, Genoese galley managers obtained most slaves by buying them in distant Mediterranean ports, and the reasons for this are explained. The study of how slaves were located, evaluated, negotiated over, paid for, and transported from a distance reveals that buying slaves internationally involved connecting the distant ports of a fragmented market characterized by a volatile local supply, localized information, unpredictable prices, and ubiquitous brokers. It is argued that, in such an imperfect market, the asentistas de galeras had no choice but to empower their galley captains and local agents. Purchasing slaves overseas increased market opportunities but involved high risks, unpredictable legal procedures, and myriad logistical issues.
1. Introduction
Authors: Campos Liliane , Patoine Pierre-Louis 
Published: October 2022

This chapter presents the volume’s investigation into artistic engagements with life sciences and biopolitical questions, in recent European and North American fiction, poetry, graphic novels and performance. It outlines the twenty-first-century’s emergent biological imagination as an interdiscursive phenomenon, nourished by the circulation of ideas and images between artistic work, popular science, and philosophy. In this cross-fertilizing process, contemporary artists are engaging with life forms and perspectives that challenge representation: relational entities such as symbionts, fungal networks or microbial communities; and eco-biological ‘hyperobjects’ whose complexity defy easy representation, such as climate change or population dynamics. By engaging with scientific representations, literature and performance question the aesthetic and political implications of current modes of visualisation, including medical imaging and ecosystem modelling, but also the shifting metaphors of biological and medical discourse.
The introduction presents some of the key political questions arising from medical, ecological and pandemic imaginaries, and examines the current extension of biopolitical questions to relations beyond the human. We then turn to the volume’s focus on questions of scale. Creative practice, as the following chapters show, is responding both to the planetary scale of our current ecological crisis and to new areas of knowledge opened up by neurology and microbiology. Contemporary art thus foregrounds and problematizes relations between the meso-scale of everyday human experience and the micro- or macro- scales of our increased biomedical and ecological awareness. Finally, the introduction outlines some of the key aesthetic trends identified by the collection, presenting new categories such as the molecular sublime, the fungal weird, cosy catastrophe fiction, the post-pastoral detective novel, or plant theatre. We argue that aesthetic form, by extending our perception to scales and perspectives hitherto ignored, contributes to the new politics of attention demanded by the twenty-first century.
Trade Integration and Production Disintegration of Manufacturing Industries: India in Global Platform
Authors: Paul Anusree , Barua Alokesh 
Published: October 2022

The bulk of the world trade in commodities now a days consist of intermediate goods, which play an essential role in production and creation of value-added. As a consequence, the global production process is getting much more integrated today than ever before. To understand and examine this internationalisation in Indian manufacturing industries, using World Input–Output Database (WIOD), we have estimated the foreign and domestic value-added contents in export and output of Indian manufacturing for the period 2000 to 2014. Further, to complement this analysis, we have also performed regression estimations to identify the relationship between export, imported inputs use, and output growth of Indian manufacturing industries. Our study reveals low usage of domestic inputs use and more usage of imported inputs. These indicate stronger backward linkages in production and weak forward linkages in global consumption and production networks. Regression analysis also strengthens the finding of higher backward participation of the manufacturing sector. We have employed panel vector error correction model, fully modified ordinary least square and dynamic OLS models. Our results reveal a robust long-run causality between imported inputs usage and export-growth of the sector. JEL Codes: C33, C67, F14, F15
Compassion and Self-Compassion: Counterfactors of Burnout in Medical Students and Physicians
Authors: Román-Calderón Juan P. , Krikorian Alicia , Ruiz Erika , Romero Ana M. , Lemos Mariantonia 
Published: October 2022

Objective To examine the relationship between self-compassion, compassion for others and Burnout in medical students and physicians. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Medicine students and general physicians from two Colombian cities participated ( n = 359). The Compassion Scales and the Maslach Inventory were administered. An Exploratory Structural Equation approach was used for validating new measures and testing for relationships between latent variables. Results Most participants were students (85.9%), mean age was 22 years (SD = 7), 55.2% were female, 62,6% dedicated more than 48 weekly hours to study or practice, while physicians had worked a mean of 10.34 years (SD = 8.67). Self-compassion and Compassion for others action subscales were validated, but engagement subscales of were not. Participant´s compassion actions for others and self-compassion actions are negatively related to depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, respectively. Additionally, compassion dimensions were positively associated with professional accomplishment. Conclusion Our findings indicate that compassion and self-compassion actions inversely relate to different components of Burnout and could constitute protective factors against the stress of healthcare. Compassion and self-compassion training programs for medical students and physicians might be an alternative to avoid Burnout, diminishing physicians’ depersonalization and emotional exhaustion while enhancing their professional accomplishment.
Study on volume swell and mechanical properties of fuel system elastomers with Fischer–Tropsch fuel for diesel engines
Authors: Wu Tao , Zhang Wugao , Peng Haiyong , Zhang Haibo 
Published: October 2022

The compatibility of elastomers used in engine fuel system with Fischer–Tropsch (FT) fuel is essential, but there is very limited research available on it. In this work, the compatibility between four types of commonly used elastomers in fuel system and FT fuel was experimentally investigated. The assessed elastomers including nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene-monomer rubber (EPDM), fluoroelastomer (FKM), and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) were exposed to FT fuel which derived from natural gas for 21 days. The properties of the elastomers such as mass, volume, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength were measured before and after immersion, at the same time the change rates of these properties were calculated. The results demonstrated that all properties of EPDM deteriorated significantly after soak, and its compatibility with FT fuel was the worst, making it unsuitable for FT engines. NBR, FKM, and CPE all showed low rates of property change, with FKM exhibiting the greatest compatibility performance with FT fuel. Additionally, the O-rings made of FKM were submerged in FT fuel and diesel for 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days, respectively. It was found that the mass and volume variations of FKM O-rings in FT fuel were negligible and comparable with those of diesel fuel.
Predictors of poor outcome in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Pans Nick , Vanherf Jul , Vandenbrande Jeroen , Lehaen Jeroen , Yilmaz Alaaddin , Verwerft Jan , Van Tornout Michiel , Geebelen Laurien , Callebaut Ina , Herbots Lieven , Dubois Jasperina , Stessel Björn 
Published: October 2022

Introduction We aimed to identify risk factors associated with ICU mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We also aimed to assess protocol violations of the local eligibility criteria of ECMO initiation. Methods All 31 consecutive adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to ICU and treated with ECMO from March 13th 2020 to 8 December 2021 were enrolled. Eligibility criteria for ECMO initiation were: P/F-ratio<50 mmHg >3 hours, P/F-ratio<80 mmHg >6 hours or pH<7.25 + PaCO2>60 mmHg >6 hours, despite maximal protective invasive ventilation. Primary outcome was ICU mortality. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of ICU mortality. Results 12 out of 31 patients (38.7%) did not survive ECMO treatment in ICU. Half of the non-survivors suffered from acute kidney failure compared to 3 out of 19 survivors (15.79%) ( p = .04). Half of the non-survivors required CRRT treatment versus 1 patient in the survivor group (5.3%) ( p < .01). Higher age (2.45 (0.97–6.18), p = .05), the development of AKI (5.33 (1.00–28.43), p = .05), need of CRRT during ICU stay (18.00 (1.79–181.31), p = .01) and major bleeding during ECMO therapy (0.51 (0.19–0.89), p < .01) were identified to be predictors of ICU mortality. Conclusion Almost 60% of patients could be treated successfully with ECMO with sustained results at 3 months. Predictors for ICU mortality were development of AKI and need of CRRT during ICU stay, higher age category and major bleeding. Inadvertent ECMO allocation was noted in almost one in five patients.