bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying dietary acid load in U.S. cancer survivors: an exploratory study using NHANES data
Authors: Storz Maximilian Andreas , Ronco Alvaro Luis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Diet is an important determinant of systemic pH and acid–base regulation. A frequent consumption of acid-inducing foods (including processed meats and cheese) combined with a low intake of base-inducing foods (such as fruits, legumes and vegetables) increases Dietary Acid Load (DAL), which has been associated with an increased risk for certain cancers. DAL also appears to be of paramount importance in cancer survivors, in whom it was associated with increased mortality and poor overall physical health. Literature on DAL in cancer survivors, however, is scarce and limited to a few studies.

Methods
Using cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), we sought to quantify DAL in U.S. cancer survivors and contrasted the results to the general population. DAL was estimated using established formulas (Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP)).

Results
Our study comprised 19,413 participants, of which 1444 were self-reported cancer survivors. Almost 63% of cancer survivors were female (weighted proportion) with a mean age of 61.75 (0.51) years. DAL scores were consistently higher in cancer survivors (as compared to the general population) after adjustment for confounders in multivariate regression models. These differences, however, were not statistically significant (p = 0.506 for NEAPF, 0.768 for PRALR and 0.468 for NEAPR, respectively). Notably, DAL scores were positive throughout (> 0 mEq/d) in cancer survivors, suggesting an acidifying diet. Specific examples include mean PRALR scores > 11 mEq/d in cancer survivors aged 55 years and mean NEAPF scores > 50 mEq/d in cancer survivors aged 40–60 years).

Conclusions
The acidifying diet in this sample of cancer survivors warrants caution and requires further investigation. Comparably high DAL scores have been associated with adverse health outcomes and an increased mortality in previous studies in breast cancer survivors. Thus, increased awareness as well as additional clinical trials in this field are urgently warranted.
Association of dietary cholesterol and dyslipidemia in Chinese health examinees
Authors: Pan Junqiang , Han Wenqi , Jiang Yongrong , Wu Jine , Zhou Xin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The association between dietary cholesterol consumption and dyslipidemia is still in controversy. The study aims to evaluate whether dietary cholesterol intake associated with dyslipidemia and its components in Chinese health examinees.

Methods
A large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted among health examinees of in Shaanxi province. Totally of 8358 participants (3677 male and 4681 female) were included. Dietary cholesterol intake was assessed by validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to capture the linear and non-linear association between dietary cholesterol and dyslipidemia.

Results
A total of 2429 (29.1%) subjects were newly diagnosed of dyslipidemia, the prevalence was 29.2% in male and 27.7% in female. Mean intake of dietary cholesterol was 213.7 mg/day. After adjusting for all potential confounders including demographics information and lifestyles, higher cholesterol consumption was related to lower risk of dyslipidemia, the ORs (95% CIs) across Q2 to Q4 group were 0.87 (0.60–1.26), 0.80 (0.55–1.18) and 0.61 (0.41–0.91) in female. With further controlling for nutrients principal components, a null association was observed between dietary cholesterol and dyslipidemia and serum lipids, regardless of gender. Results of restricted cubic splines showed that the risk of dyslipidemia decreased slowly until around 300 mg/day in men and 200 mg/day in women, although the non-linear association was not significant.

Conclusions
The study suggested that dietary cholesterol consumption was not associated with dyslipidemia or serum lipids in Chinese health examinees, although a decreased risk was observed before the threshold points.
Bees can be trained to identify SARS-CoV-2 infected samples
Authors: Kontos Evangelos , Samimi Aria , Hakze-van der Honing Renate W. , Priem Jan , Avarguès-Weber Aurore , Haverkamp Alexander , Dicke Marcel , Gonzales Jose L. , van der Poel Wim H. M. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has illustrated the need for the development of fast and reliable testing methods for novel, zoonotic, viral diseases in both humans and animals. Pathologies lead to detectable changes in the volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of animals, which can be monitored, thus allowing the development of a rapid VOC-based test. In the current study, we successfully trained honeybees (Apis mellifera) to identify SARS-CoV-2 infected minks (Neovison vison) thanks to Pavlovian conditioning protocols. The bees can be quickly conditioned to respond specifically to infected mink's odours and could therefore be part of a wider SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic system. We tested two different training protocols to evaluate their performance in terms of learning rate, accuracy and memory retention. We designed a non-invasive rapid test in which multiple bees are tested in parallel on the same samples. This provided reliable results regarding a subject's health status. Using the data from the training experiments, we simulated a diagnostic evaluation trial to predict the potential efficacy of our diagnostic test, which yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 86%. We suggest that a honeybee-based diagnostics can offer a reliable and rapid test that provides a readily available, low-input addition to the currently available testing methods. A honeybee-based diagnostic test might be particularly relevant for remote and developing communities that lack the resources and infrastructure required for mainstream testing methods.
Inversion of a topological domain leads to restricted changes in its gene expression and affects interdomain communication
Authors: Galupa Rafael , Picard Christel , Servant Nicolas , Nora Elphège P. , Zhan Yinxiu , van Bemmel Joke G. , El Marjou Fatima , Johanneau Colin , Borensztein Maud , Ancelin Katia , Giorgetti Luca , Heard Edith 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The interplay between the topological organization of the genome and the regulation of gene expression remains unclear. Depletion of molecular factors (e.g. CTCF) underlying topologically associating domains (TADs) leads to modest alterations in gene expression, whereas genomic rearrangements involving TAD boundaries disrupt normal gene expression and can lead to pathological phenotypes. Here, we targeted the TAD neighboring that of the noncoding transcript Xist, which controls X-chromosome inactivation. Inverting 245 kb within the TAD led to expected rearrangement of CTCF-based contacts but revealed heterogeneity in the ‘contact’ potential of different CTCF sites. Expression of most genes therein remained unaffected in mouse embryonic stem cells and during differentiation. Interestingly, expression of Xist was ectopically upregulated. The same inversion in mouse embryos led to biased Xist expression. Smaller inversions and deletions of CTCF clusters led to similar results: rearrangement of contacts and limited changes in local gene expression, but significant changes in Xist expression in embryos. Our study suggests that the wiring of regulatory interactions within a TAD can influence the expression of genes in neighboring TADs, highlighting the existence of mechanisms of inter-TAD communication.
A cytoplasmic protein kinase couples engagement of Chlamydomonas ciliary receptors to cAMP-dependent cellular responses
Authors: Awasthi Mayanka , Ranjan Peeyush , Kelterborn Simon , Hegemann Peter , Snell William J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The primary cilium is a cellular compartment specialized for receipt of extracellular signals that is essential for development and homeostasis. Although intraciliary responses to engagement of ciliary receptors are well studied, fundamental questions remain about the mechanisms and molecules that transduce ciliary signals into responses in the cytoplasm. During fertilization in the bi-ciliated alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, ciliary adhesion between plus and minus gametes triggers an immediate ∼10-fold increase in cellular cAMP and consequent responses in the cytoplasm required for cell–cell fusion. Here, we identify a new participant in ciliary signaling, Gamete-Specific Protein Kinase (GSPK). GSPK is essential for the adhesion-induced cAMP increase and for rapid gamete fusion. The protein is in the cytoplasm, and the entire cellular complement responds to a signal from the cilium by becoming phosphorylated within 1 min after ciliary receptor engagement. Unlike all other cytoplasmic events in ciliary signaling, GSPK phosphorylation is not responsive to exogenously added cAMP. Thus, during ciliary signaling in Chlamydomonas, a cytoplasmic protein is required to rapidly interpret a still uncharacterized ciliary signal to generate a cytoplasmic response.
Characterizing the hypoxic performance of a fish using a new metric: PAAS-50
Authors: Zhang Yangfan , Montgomery Daniel W. , White Connor F. , Richards Jeffrey G. , Brauner Colin J. , Farrell Anthony P. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The hypoxic constraint on peak oxygen uptake (ṀO2,peak) was characterized in rainbow trout over a range of ambient oxygen tensions with different testing protocols and statistical models. The best-fit model was selected using both statistical criteria (R2 and AIC) and the model's prediction of three anchor points for hypoxic performance: critical PO2 (Pcrit), maximum ṀO2 and a new metric, the minimum PO2 that supports 50% of absolute aerobic scope (PAAS-50). The best-fitting model was curvilinear using five strategically selected PO2 values. This model predicted PAAS-50 as 70 mmHg (coefficient of variation, CV=9%) for rainbow trout. Thus, while a five-point hypoxic performance curve can characterize the limiting effects of hypoxia in fish, as envisaged by Fry over 75 years ago, PAAS-50 is a promising metric to compare hypoxic constraints on performance in a standardized manner both within and across fish species.
Research in child and adolescent anxiety and depression: treatment uncertainties prioritised by youth and professionals
Authors: Axelsdóttir Brynhildur , Eidet Lise Mette , Thoner Ragnhild , Biedilæ Sølvi , Borren Ingrid , Elvsåshagen Mari , Ludvigsen Kristine Horseng , Dahlgren Astrid 
Published: May 2022

Background: A starting point for evaluating the effectiveness of treatments should be to identify evidence gaps. Furthermore, such evaluations should consider the perspectives of patients, clinicians and carers to ensure relevance and potentially influence future research initiatives. Methods: Our approach, inspired by the James Lind Alliance methods, involved three steps. First, we performed a document analysis by identifying interventions and outcomes in two recently published overviews of systematic reviews, which summarised the effects of interventions for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. Second, we surveyed children and adolescents with personal experiences of depression or anxiety as well as clinicians, and asked them to suggest treatments and outcomes associated with uncertainty. Finally, we facilitated a consensus process where clinicians and youth mental health patient representatives were invited to prioritise research uncertainties in separate consensus processes. Results: The survey included 674 respondents who reported a total of 1267 uncertainties. Independent coding by four investigators revealed 134 suggestions for treatments of anxiety, 90 suggestions for treatments of depression, 84 for outcomes of interventions for anxiety and 71 suggestions for outcomes of interventions for depression. Two separate priority setting workshops with eight clinicians and ten youth resulted in four independent top ten priority lists. Conclusion: Top ten lists of treatments and outcome domains of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents was identified by youth and clinicians. The results may influence the research agenda, and ultimately benefit patients.
Intermittent aerobic-resistance interval training versus continues aerobic training: Improvement in cardiac electrophysiologic and anthropometric measures in male patients post myocadiac infarction, a randomized control trial
Authors: Dor-Haim Horesh , Horowitz Michal , Yaakobi Eldad , Katzburg Sara , Barak Sharon 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Exercise is a valuable intervention modality for patients post-myocardial infarction (MI). Aerobic and resistance training are both commonly used separately in cardiac rehabilitation. However, the effect of aerobic interval exercise combined with alternating sets of resistance training (super-circuit training, SCT) on cardiac electrophysiologic and anthropometric measures had not been thoroughly investigated.

Aim
The primary objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of moderate-intensity continuous-aerobic training (CAT) vs. SCT on cardiac electrical measures (resting electrocardiographic, ECG; a nd heart rate variability, HRV) in patients’ post-MI presenting reduced left ventricular function. Second, to examine its effect on anthropometric measures.

Material and methods
Twenty-nine men post-MI with reduced left ventricular function were assigned randomly to either 12 weeks of CAT (n = 15) or SCT (n = 14). CAT group performed moderate-intensity activity. SCT group performed high-intensity exercise, alternating between resistance and aerobic training. Differences between CAT and SCT groups were done using independent t-tests, paired t-tests and effect size (ES).

Results
Participants in both groups improved their HRV measures (increase in HFnu; p < 0.05; ES > 0.51) and ECG (reduction in QT-dispersion; p < 0.05; ES > 0.51). Only the SCT group had significant improvements in waist circumference (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Exercise improves cardiac electrical measures post-MI. However, in comparison to CAT, SCT may yield greater anthropometric changes. In order to have improvements in cardiac electrical stability, clinicians working with post-MI patients may use both CAT and SCT. However, SCT might result in greater improvements.
Atención farmacéutica en interacción alimento-medicamento en una oficina de farmacia de León en el periodo de febrero a julio de 2021
Authors: Díez M.ª José , Jaén Ángela , Alonso M.ª José 
Published: May 2022

Las interacciones entre los alimentos y los medicamentos no se detectan con tanta facilidad como las interacciones entre los medicamentos, sin embargo, presentan una gran importancia ya que los alimentos son la sustancia que más se asocia a la toma de medicamentos.
El trabajo se centra en las interacciones alimento-medicamento, que consisten en la modificación de la respuesta farmacológica debido a la ingestión conjunta de alimentos y medicamentos o a un estado de desnutrición o malnutrición por parte del paciente.
Tres grupos de fármacos que son susceptibles de presentar interacciones alimento-medicamentos son las estatinas, la levotiroxina y el acenocumarol.
En este estudio se tratará de comprobar el grado de conocimiento de estas interacciones por parte de los pacientes de la oficina de farmacia, así como aconsejar a estos sobre la toma adecuada de su medicación junto con los alimentos.
Ansiolíticos y aumento en su consumo como consecuencia de la COVID-19 y la fatiga pandémica
Authors: Villasán Victoria Joaquina , Vaquero Velasco Rebeca , Calleja María Aurora 
Published: May 2022

La COVID-19 ha dado lugar a consecuencias negativas en numerosos campos; uno de los más importantes ha sido la salud mental y la ansiedad es una de las patologías más frecuentes en cuanto a la misma se refiere. Diversos estudios han relacionado el aumento de la prevalencia de la ansiedad como consecuencia directa de la pandemia, así como la existencia de factores de riesgo y factores protectores frente a la misma.
Uno de los tratamientos farmacológicos más empleados frente a la ansiedad son las benzodiacepinas, por lo que el estudio que se desarrolla a continuación se basa en el análisis de su consumo en una muestra de población de una oficina de farmacia de Valladolid. El 53?% de nuestra muestra comenzó su tratamiento con benzodiacepinas a raíz de la pandemia, e incluso un 20?% de la misma incrementó la dosis. Además, hemos podido observar un aumento generalizado en las ventas de benzodiacepinas entre el año 2019 y el año 2020 en la oficina de farmacia.
Alcance na admissão de estudantes pela Lei de Cotas: O caso da Universidade Federal de Alfenas
Authors: Lopes Ronaldo André , Da Silva Guilherme Henrique Gomes 
Published: May 2022

Destacamos resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou compreender o alcance na admissão de estudantes pela Lei de Cotas na Universidade Federal de Alfenas no período 2014-2019. Analisamos a taxa ocupação das vagas, o perfil racial dos ingressantes e realizamos simulações sobre um cenário sem a Lei de Cotas. Os dados foram compostos por informações referentes ao ingresso dos estudantes pelo Sistema de Seleção Unificada e analisados por estatísticas descritivas e por um instrumento que forneceu o percentual que não ingressaria em cada curso desta universidade sem a Lei de Cotas. Os resultados destacam a subocupação das vagas destinadas a estudantes da rede pública de ensino autodeclarados pretos, pardos e indígenas, mostrando-se mais acentuada quando o fator racial se relacionou à renda dos estudantes. Vagas para estudantes com deficiência também foram subocupadas no período. Ainda, os resultados mostram que a Lei de Cotas foi responsável pela diversidade racial nesta instituição, uma vez que poucos estudantes autodeclarados pretos e pardos ingressaram pela categoria Ampla Concorrência. Por fim, as simulações evidenciaram que, em um cenário sem a Lei de Cotas, estudantes da rede pública de ensino encontrariam maiores obstáculos para o acesso a esta universidade, principalmente autodeclarados pretos e pardos, com corte mais significativo em cursos da área de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde.
Study on the thermodynamic stability and evolution of inclusions in Al–Ti deoxidized steel
Authors: Wang Jun , Wang Linzhu , Li Xiang , Li Junqi , Chen Chaoyi , Li Changrong , Zhuang Changling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To investigate the thermodynamic stability and the evolution process of inclusions in the Al–Ti deoxidized steels, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were conducted in the present work. Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and Al2O3–Ti2O3–TiO2 phase diagrams were used to investigate the composition of oxide inclusions after adding various contents of Al and Ti. The results show that the TiO
x
content of inclusions increases with the increase in titanium addition in steel ranging from 0.31 to 1.88%, and the typical inclusions are transferred from pure Al2O3 to multi-phase Al–Ti complex inclusions and Al2O3–TiO
x
complex inclusions with uniform composition. The TiO
x
content in the inclusions first increased and then decreased with the extension of deoxidation time in the steels with deoxidants of [% Al] = 0.055 and [% Al] = 0.71, and the content of TiO
x
in the inclusions is highest at 360 s of deoxidation. There is a small amount of pure titanium oxide and liquid Al2O3–TiO
x
composite inclusions in the steel with deoxidants of [% Al] = 0.13 and [% Ti] = 1.88 at 120 s of deoxidation, and then this part of inclusions gradually turns into the Al2O3-rich phase. The predominance diagrams of the Al–Ti–O–Fe system were obtained based on the classical thermodynamic calculation and FactSage calculation with different databases and products. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data, and the discrepancies on the stable region of oxides in the predominance diagrams were discussed. The evolution and transformation of inclusions during the solidification process were analyzed based on FactSage calculation.
Attitude of pregnant and lactating women toward COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to survey pregnant and lactating toward COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan and determine the predictors of this attitude

Methods
This study used a 10 min anonymous, online, cross-sectional survey to collect data. The survey was carried out between September and October 2021. Eligible study participants included all pregnant and lactating women in Jordan. The participants were recruited through social media, midwives, and gynecologists. Survey was used to collect data from the participants.

Results
The mean attitude of pregnant and lactating women toward COVID vaccination was moderate 71 (SD=100.5). Many factors were predicted the attitude of pregnant and lactating women toward COVID-19 vaccination. The factors were source of data regarding COVID-19 (B=−0.140, p=0.009), level of income (B=−0.141, p=0.009), and social status (B=0.130, p=0.034). These results mean lower income, people who frequently hearing news from news channel or ministry of health and married are showed more positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination for children.

Conclusions
This is a large national study regarding attitude of pregnant and lactating women toward COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan. This study found that more than 50% for the parents were hesitant to allow their children to receive COVID-19 vaccination. There were no differences between pregnant and lactating women toward COVID-19 vaccination.
Introduction: On the Role of Romance in Cartographic Studies
Authors: Rizzi Luigi , Samo Giuseppe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCartographic studies have been pursued for over a quarter of a century, offering new insights on the nature and fine details of syntactic structures. The study of Romance languages and dialects has played a critical role in these advances. The following introductory remarks illustrate the general lines of this trend, without attempting at an exhaustive review.
Occupational and environmental noise exposure during pregnancy and rare health outcomes of offspring: a scoping review focusing on congenital anomalies and perinatal mortality
Authors: Vincens Natalia , Persson Waye Kerstin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As environmental and occupational noise can be health hazards, recent studies have investigated the effects of noise exposure during pregnancy. Despite biological plausibility and animal studies supporting an association, studies focusing on congenital anomalies and perinatal mortality as outcomes of noise exposure are still scarce. We performed a scoping review to collect, summarise, and discuss the existing scientific research about the relationships between noise exposure during pregnancy and congenital anomalies and/or perinatal mortality. We searched electronic databases for papers published between 1970 and March 2021. We included 16 studies (seven on congenital anomalies, three on perinatal mortality, and two on both congenital anomalies and perinatal mortality). We assessed four studies on congenital hearing dysfunction as the definition of congenital anomalies includes functional anomalies. We found few studies on this topic and no studies on the combined effects of occupational and environmental noise exposures. Evidence suggests a small increase in the risk of congenital anomalies in relation to occupational and to a lesser extent environmental noise exposure. In addition, few studies investigated perinatal mortality and the ones that did, used different outcome definitions, so no conclusions could be made. However, a recent big cross-sectional study demonstrated an association between road traffic noise and stillbirth. A few studies suggest a possible association between congenital hearing dysfunction and occupational noise exposure during pregnancy. Future studies with larger samples, better exposure assessments, and better statistical modelling strategies are needed to investigate these relationships further.