bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0.79 ppm scale-factor nonlinearity whole-angle microshell gyroscope realized by real-time calibration of capacitive displacement detection
Authors: Sun Jiangkun , Yu Sheng , Zhang Yongmeng , Li Qingsong , Xi Xiang , Lu Kun , Wu Xuezhong , Xiao Dingbang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhole-angle gyroscopes have broad prospects for development with inherent advantages of excellent scale factor, wide bandwidth and measurement range, which are restrictions on rate gyroscopes. Previous studies on the whole-angle mode are based mostly on the linear model of Lynch, and the essential nonlinearity of capacitive displacement detection is always neglected, which has significant negative effects on the performance. In this paper, a novel real-time calibration method of capacitive displacement detection is proposed to eliminate these nonlinear effects. This novel method innovatively takes advantage of the relationship between the first and third harmonic components of detective signals for calibration. Based on this method, the real-time calibration of capacitive displacement detection is achieved and solves the problems of traditional methods, which are usually related to the vibration amplitude, environmental variations and other factors. Furthermore, this novel calibration method is embedded into a whole-angle control system to restore the linear capacitive response in real time and then combined with a microshell resonator for the first time to exploit the enormous potential of an ultrahigh Q factor and symmetric structure. The effectiveness is proven because the angle drift is reduced significantly to improve the scale-factor nonlinearity by 14 times to 0.79 ppm with 0.0673°/h bias instability and a 0.001°/s rate threshold, which is the best reported performance of the MEMS whole-angle gyroscope thus far. More importantly, this novel calibration method can be applied for all kinds of resonators with the requirement of a linear capacitive response even under a large resonant amplitude.
Treatment discontinuation, patient-reported toxicities and quality-of-life by age following trastuzumab emtansine or paclitaxel/trastuzumab (ATEMPT)
Authors: Sella Tal , Zheng Yue , Tayob Nabihah , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Freedman Rachel A. , Dang Chau , Yardley Denise , Isakoff Steven J. , Valero Vicente , DeMeo Michelle , Burstein Harold J. , Winer Eric P. , Wolff Antonio C. , Krop Ian , Partridge Ann H. , Tolaney Sara M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the ATEMPT trial, adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) compared to paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (TH) for stage I HER2-positive breast cancer improved patient-reported outcomes (PROs), while maintaining excellent disease outcomes. We report treatment discontinuation and use multivariable models to compare, patient-reported toxicity and quality-of-life (QOL) by age (≤50, >50) and treatment arm at 18 months post-enrollment among 366 eligible participants randomized in a 3:1 ratio to T-DM1 or TH. T-DM1 discontinuation was higher among women >50 vs. ≤50 (23% vs. 9%, p = 0.003, Fisher’s Exact test) with 4%, 8%, and 17% of older patients discontinuing treatment by 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively. Superior QOL with T-DM1 vs. TH was observed among women ≤50 with estimated mean difference of 6.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51–12.46) and driven by better social/family well-being and breast cancer-specific sub-scores. Among women >50, T-DM1 was associated with superior physical well-being and less activity impairment, with no differences in global QOL. Older women had decreased neuropathy with T-DM1 vs. TH. De-escalated treatment regimens for HER2 positive breast cancer may have age-varying impact on treatment tolerance, toxicities and subsequent QOL, which should be considered when selecting therapy options.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01853748
Deduction of signaling mechanisms from cellular responses to multiple cues
Authors: Saha Soutick , Moon Hye-ran , Han Bumsoo , Mugler Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCell signaling networks are complex and often incompletely characterized, making it difficult to obtain a comprehensive picture of the mechanisms they encode. Mathematical modeling of these networks provides important clues, but the models themselves are often complex, and it is not always clear how to extract falsifiable predictions. Here we take an inverse approach, using experimental data at the cell level to deduce the minimal signaling network. We focus on cells’ response to multiple cues, specifically on the surprising case in which the response is antagonistic: the response to multiple cues is weaker than the response to the individual cues. We systematically build candidate signaling networks one node at a time, using the ubiquitous ingredients of (i) up- or down-regulation, (ii) molecular conversion, or (iii) reversible binding. In each case, our method reveals a minimal, interpretable signaling mechanism that explains the antagonistic response. Our work provides a systematic way to deduce molecular mechanisms from cell-level data.
Multi-day dataset of forearm and wrist electromyogram for hand gesture recognition and biometrics
Authors: Pradhan Ashirbad , He Jiayuan , Jiang Ning 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface electromyography (sEMG) signals have been used for advanced prosthetics control, hand-gesture recognition (HGR), and more recently as a novel biometric trait. For these sEMG-based applications, the translation from laboratory research setting to real-life scenarios suffers from two major limitations: (1) a small subject pool, and (2) single-session data recordings, both of which prevents acceptable generalization ability. In this longitudinal database, forearm and wrist sEMG data were collected from 43 participants over three different days with long separation (Days 1, 8, and 29) while they performed static hand/wrist gestures. The objective of this dataset is to provide a comprehensive dataset for the development of robust machine learning algorithms of sEMG, for both HGR and biometric applications. We demonstrated the high quality of the current dataset by comparing with the Ninapro dataset. And we presented its usability for both HGR and biometric applications. Among other applications, the dataset can also be used for developing electrode-shift invariant generalized models, which can further bolster the development of wristband and forearm-bracelet sensors.
Comparison of effects of aminosalicylic acid, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents on the expression of multidrug-resistant genes in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Ping , Zhang Yin , Du Xiao-Yu , Zhang Ying-Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo compare the effects of aminosalicylic acid, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants on the expression levels of multidrug resistance genes in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), with the aim of providing a theoretical and therapeutic basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of UC. Fresh colonic mucosal tissues or postoperative pathological biopsies from 148 UC patients were collected, and the distribution sites and morphology of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were detected using immunohistochemical staining. RT-PCR was used to quantify the expression levels of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) mRNA before and after the corresponding treatment, and the effects of aminosalicylic acid, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs on P-gp were compared. In addition, the effects of the three drugs on MDR1 mRNA were analyzed. Administration of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) drugs did not correlate with MDR1 expression in UC, whereas administration of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs was positively correlated with MDR1 expression profile. The expression levels of MDR1 mRNA and its product P-gp were significantly upregulated in patients who did not respond to glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs. 5-ASA had no effect on the expression levels of MDR1 and its product P-gp in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of UC. However, the use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants can increase the expression level of MDR1.
A data plane security model of SR-BE/TE based on zero-trust architecture
Authors: Wang Liang , Ma Hailong , Li Ziyong , Pei Jinchuan , Hu Tao , Zhang Jin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFacing the untrusted threats of network elements and PKI/CA faced by SR-BE/TE (Segment Routing-BE/TE) data plane in the zero-trust network environment, firstly, this paper refines it into eight specific security issues. Secondly, an SR-BE/TE data plane security model ZbSR (ZTA-based SR) based on zero-trust architecture is proposed, which reconstructs the original SR control plane into a "trust-agent" two-layer plane based on 4 components of the controller, agent, cryptographic center and information base. On one hand, we distinguish between the two segment list generation modes and proposes corresponding data exchange security algorithms, by introducing north–south security verification based on identity authentication, trust evaluation, and key agreement before the terminal device establishes an east–west access connection, so reliable data exchange between terminal devices can be realized. On the other hand, for the network audit lacking SR-BE/TE, a network audit security algorithm based on solid authentication is proposed. By auditing the fields, behaviors, loops, labels, paths, and SIDs of messages, threats such as stream path tampering, SID tampering, DoS attacks, and loop attacks can be effectively detected. Finally, through the simulation test, the proposed model can provide security protection for the SR data plane with a 19.3% average incremental delay overhead for various threat scenarios.
Numerical investigation of the effect of the opening mode on the pressure relief process of engine nacelle
Authors: Yan Yan , Chen Chen , Peng Xiaotian , Wang Chenchen , Feng Shiyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe pressure relief door (PRD) is a vital structure to ensure the safety and reliability of the engine. This paper established a zero-dimensional transient simulation mathematical model to study the plenum compartment pressure threshold and maximum opening angle effects on the nacelle pressure relief process under different opening modes. Then, a computational fluid dynamics model verified by experimental literature data was used to simulate the nacelle pressure relief process and to determine the influence of two different opening modes on the force and discharge characteristics of the PRD. The results of this study show that different opening modes strongly impact the nacelle pressure relief process. Reducing the nacelle compartment pressure threshold of the PRD opening can reduce the time required for the pressure relief process to reach the equilibrium stage. Reducing the maximum opening angle may increase the nacelle compartment pressure during the equilibrium stage. In addition, under the same nacelle compartment pressure thresholds and maximum opening angles, the pressure relief process under the vertical opening mode can reach a lower nacelle compartment pressure during the pressure relief equilibrium stage compared to that under the horizontal opening mode. Therefore, the vertical opening mode is better than the horizontal opening mode. This paper provides two lower calculation costs and high accuracy research models for studying the nacelle pressure relief process.
Blunted rest-activity circadian rhythm increases the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality in US adults
Authors: Xu Yanyan , Su Shaoyong , Li Xinyue , Mansuri Asifhusen , McCall William V. , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo examine whether rest-activity circadian rhythm parameters can predict all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality in a general adult population of the US. We further compared the mortality predictive performance of these parameters with that of traditional risk factors. This study included 7,252 adults from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2011–2014, who had wrist accelerometer data obtained at baseline and follow-up status linked to the National Death Index records (2011–2019). During a median of 81 months (interquartile range, 69–94 months) of follow-up, 674 (9.3%) deaths occurred. There were inverse associations between relative amplitude (RA) and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality with increased quartiles RA associated with lower mortality risk (all P < 0.05). The Hazard Ratios ranged from 0.61 to 0.79. Furthermore, RA outperformed all the tested traditional predictors of all-cause mortality with the exception of age. This study suggests that participants with blunted rest-activity circadian rhythms had a higher risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality. Future studies will be needed to test whether interventions that regulate rest-activity circadian activity rhythms will improve health outcomes.
Neural mechanisms underlying rule selection based on response evaluation: a near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Harada Taeko , Iwabuchi Toshiki , Senju Atsushi , Nakayasu Chikako , Nakahara Ryuji , Tsuchiya Kenji J , Hoshi Yoko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ability of humans to use rules for organizing action demands a high level of executive control. Situational complexity mediates rule selection, from the adoption of a given rule to the selection of complex rules to achieve an appropriate response. Several rules have been proposed to be superordinate to human behavior in a cognitive hierarchy and mediated by different brain regions. In the present study, using a novel rule-selection task based on pre-response evaluations that require several cognitive operations, we examined whether the task is mediated by a specific region of the prefrontal cortex using near-infrared spectroscopy. We showed that the selection of rules, including prior evaluation of a stimulus, activates broader areas of the prefrontal and premotor regions than response selection based on a given rule. The results are discussed in terms of hierarchical cognitive models, the functional specialization of multiple-cognitive operations in the prefrontal cortex, and their contribution to a novel cognitive task.
Pattern of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.519 emergence in Alaska
Authors: Haan Tracie J. , Smith Lisa K. , DeRonde Stephanie , House Elva , Zidek Jacob , Puhak Diana , Redlinger Matthew , Parker Jayme , Barnes Brian M. , Burkhead Jason L. , Knall Cindy , Bortz Eric , Chen Jack , Drown Devin M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlaska has the lowest population density in the United States (US) with a mix of urban centers and isolated rural communities. Alaska’s distinct population dynamics compared to the contiguous US may have contributed to unique patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants observed in early 2021. Here we examined 2323 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Alaska and 278,635 from the contiguous US collected from December 2020 through June 2021 because of the notable emergence and spread of lineage B.1.1.519 in Alaska. We found that B.1.1.519 was consistently detected from late January through June of 2021 in Alaska with a peak prevalence in April of 77.9% unlike the rest of the US at 4.6%. The earlier emergence of B.1.1.519 coincided with a later peak of Alpha (B.1.1.7) compared to the contiguous US. We also observed differences in variant composition over time between the two most populated regions of Alaska and a modest increase in COVID-19 cases during the peak incidence of B.1.1.519. However, it is difficult to disentangle how social dynamics conflated changes in COVID-19 during this time. We suggest that the viral characteristics, such as amino acid substitutions in the spike protein, likely contributed to the unique spread of B.1.1.519 in Alaska.
Multi-functional imaging inspired by insect stereopsis
Authors: Kim Kisoo , Jang Kyung-Won , Bae Sang-In , Jeong Ki-Hun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInsects exhibit intriguing vision capability using fragmented information from arrays of lenses. Visual disparity between lenses or eyelets (also known as stereopsis) helps insects to locate their prey or find landing spots. Here we report a multi-functional imaging system inspired by insect stereopsis using a single ultrathin microlens array camera. Individual channels through tens of microlenses capture distinct images with visual disparities. We demonstrate that reconstruction of these images can provide diverse capabilities, such as simultaneous near-distance microscopic imaging, high speed imaging at far distances and 3D depth imaging at intermediate distances. Our findings offer clues to further understand the vision capability of insects as well as insights for advanced compact functional imaging tools.
Multifunctional switching properties of “wire-like” dinuclear ruthenium bis-alkynyl spiropyran complexes
Authors: Jago David , Langley Amelia R. , Eaves Samantha G. , Walkey Mark C. , Pulbrook Thea , Moggach Stephen A. , Piggott Matthew J. , Low Paul J. , Koutsantonis George A. 
Published: November 2022

Whilst inert to electrochemical stimulus, acid-induced ring-opening of an ethynyl spiropyran ligand in Ru complexes proceeds to form the protonated merocyanine, that can be switched from the Z- to E-form by UV light.
The road less travelled? Exploring the nuanced evolutionary consequences of duplicated genes
Authors: Baker Emily Anna , Woollard Alison 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Duplicated genes have long been appreciated as both substrates and catalysts of evolutionary processes. From even the simplest cell to complex multicellular animals and plants, duplicated genes have made immeasurable contributions to the phenotypic evolution of all life on Earth. Not merely drivers of morphological innovation and speciation events, however, gene duplications sculpt the evolution of genetic architecture in ways we are only just coming to understand now we have the experimental tools to do so. As such, the present article revisits our understanding of the ways in which duplicated genes evolve, examining closely the various fates they can adopt in light of recent work that yields insights from studies of paralogues from across the tree of life that challenge the classical framework.
Potential contributions of Pop III and intermediate-mass Pop II stars to cosmic chemical enrichment
Authors: Corazza Lia C. , Miranda Oswaldo D. , Wuensche Carlos A. 
Published: November 2022

Context. We propose a semi-analytic model that is developed to understand the cosmological evolution of the mean metallicity in the Universe. In particular, we study the contributions of Population III (Pop III) and Population II (Pop II) stars to the production of Fe, Si, Zn, Ni, P, Mg, Al, S, C, N, and O.
Aims. We aim to quantify the roles of two different models in the chemical enrichment of the Universe. The first model (A) considers both stars with Pop III and Pop II yields. For the second model (B), the yields involved are only for Pop II stars.
Methods. We start by describing the cosmic star formation rate (CSFR) through an adaptation of a scenario developed within the hierarchical scenario of structure formation with a Press-Schechter-like formalism. We adapt the formalism to implement the CSFR to the standard chemical evolution scenario to investigate the course of chemical evolution on a cosmological basis. Calculations start at redshift z ∼ 20, and we compare the results of our two models with data from damped Lyman-α systems (DLAs), and globular clusters (GCs).
Results. Our main results find that metal production in the Universe occurred very early, quickly increasing with the formation of the first stars. When comparing results for [Fe/H] with observations from GCs, yields of Pop II stars are not enough to explain the observed chemical abundances, requiring stars with physical properties similar those expected from Pop III stars.
Conclusions. Our semi-analytic model can deliver consistent results for the evolution of cosmic metallicities. Our results show that the chemical enrichment in the early Universe is rapid, and at redshift ∼12.5, the metallicity reaches 10−4 Z⊙ for the model that includes Pop III stars. In addition, we explore values for the initial mass function (IMF) within the range [0.85, 1.85].
Asymmetry in the number of L4 and L5 Jupiter Trojans driven by jumping Jupiter
Authors: Li Jian , Xia Zhihong Jeff , Yoshida Fumi , Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Li Xin 
Published: November 2022

Context. More than 10 000 Jupiter Trojans have been detected so far. They are moving around the L4 and L5 triangular Lagrangian points of the Sun-Jupiter system and their distributions can provide important clues about the early evolution of the Solar System.
Aims. The number asymmetry of the L4 and L5 Jupiter Trojans is a longstanding problem. We aim to test a new mechanism in order to explain this anomalous feature by invoking the jumping-Jupiter scenario.
Methods. First, we introduce the orbital evolution of Jupiter caused by the giant planet instability in the early Solar System. In this scenario, Jupiter could undergo an outward migration at a very high speed. We then investigate how such a jump changes the numbers of the L4 (N4) and L5 (N5) Trojans.
Results. The outward migration of Jupiter can distort the co-orbital orbits near the Lagrangian points, resulting in L4 Trojans being more stable than the L5 ones. We find that this mechanism could potentially explain the unbiased number asymmetry of N4/N5 ~ 1.6 for the known Jupiter Trojans. The uncertainties of the system parameters, such as Jupiter’s eccentricity and inclination as well as the inclination distribution of Jupiter Trojans, are also taken into account and our results about the L4/L5 asymmetry have been further validated. However, the resonant amplitudes of the simulated Trojans are excited to higher values compared to the current population. A possible solution is that collisions among the Trojans may reduce their resonant amplitudes.