bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferro‐floating memory: Dual‐mode ferroelectric floating memory and its application to in‐memory computing
Authors: Park Sangyong , Oh Seyong , Lee Dongyoung , Park Jin‐Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVarious core memory devices have been proposed for utilization in future in‐memory computing technology featuring high energy efficiency. Flash memory is considered as a viable choice owing to its high integration density, stability, and reliability, which has been verified by commercialized products. However, its high operating voltage and slow operation speed issues caused by the tunneling mechanism make its adoption in in‐memory computing applications difficult. In this paper, we introduce a dual‐mode memory device named “ferro‐floating memory”, fabricated using van der Waals (vdW) materials (h‐BN, MoS2, and α‐In2Se3). The vdW material, α‐In2Se3, acts as a polarization control layer for the ferroelectric memory operation and charge storage layer for the conventional flash memory operation. Compared to the tunneling‐based memory operation, the ferro‐floating memory operates 1.9 and 3.3 times faster at 6.7 and 5.8 times lower operating voltages for programming and erasing operations, respectively. The dual‐mode operation improves the linearity of conductance change by 5 times and the dynamic range by 48% through achieving conductance variation regions. Furthermore, we assess the effects of the variation in device operating voltage on neural networks and suggest a memory array operating scheme for maximizing the networks' performance through various training/inference simulations.image
Modulating preferred crystal orientation for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells—From progress to perspectives
Authors: Fang Zhimin , Yan Nan , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe perovskite solar cell (PSC) has been recognized as a promising candidate for the next generation of photovoltaics due to its excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE), potential low cost and straightforward solution preparation processes. With efforts around the world, the PCE of PSCs has reached 25.7%. As the perovskite film is the most important part of a PSC, its quality dramatically affects the efficiency and stability of the PSC. Numerous works have focused on controlling crystallization to realize oriented growth of perovskite films. Particularly, considering the photoelectric anisotropy of perovskite materials, it is very meaningful to investigate the relationship between preferred crystal orientation and device efficiency and stability. This review highlights various approaches for realizing preferred crystal orientation of polycrystalline perovskite films, including optimizing the perovskite precursor solution and film annealing process, additive engineering, and interface engineering. Furthermore, the key factors affecting oriented crystal growth are carefully discussed, which provides effective guidance to obtain highly‐oriented perovskite films for highly efficient and stable PSCs.image
Black student perspectives to inform actionable steps toward diversity, equity, and inclusion in pharmacy residency programs
Authors: Hamilton Leslie A. , Kiles Tyler Marie , Hohmeier Kenneth C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionPharmacy residency training is a valuable tool in the advanced postgraduate training of clinical pharmacists. Although there is literature about increasing diversity in medical residencies, there is a lack of literature about initiatives to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion in pharmacy residencies.ObjectivesTo describe the perspectives of Black students about pharmacy residency and to assist institutions and pharmacy residency programs in improving diversity, equity, and inclusion.MethodsFour residency focus groups were conducted among Black students in the second through fourth years of a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) program at a college of pharmacy in the United States. Five pharmacy year 2 (P2) students, 12 pharmacy year 3 (P3) students, and eight pharmacy year 4 (P4) students participated. The average age was 25.5 years and the sample was 84% female. A qualitative analysis was conducted based on results from the focus groups using a “restorying” approach for analysis due to a lack of a pre‐existing framework to narrate Black student pharmacists' experience in seeking residency training.ResultsThe Black students in this study expressed apprehensiveness about multiple components of the residency attainment process, including representation during recruitment and potential racial bias during the application and interview process. Cost was an additional concern expressed by students throughout the focus groups.ConclusionThe results of this study can inform institutions and pharmacy residency programs as to the perception of Black residency candidates. Although increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion is important in the overall pharmacy academy, individual programs can work to improve their processes for recruitment and interviewing to improve overall equity and inclusion, not only for the pharmacy residency programs, but for the patients they serve.
Quantitative determination of concentration profiles of skin components and topically applied oils by tailored multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares using in vivo confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy
Authors: Choe ChunSik , Schleusener Johannes , Ri JinSong , Choe SeHyok , Kim PokSil , Lademann Jürgen , Darvin Maxim E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe main components of thestratum corneum(SC), water, lipids, and proteins, are non‐homogeneously distributed throughout the depth. The quantitative determination of their concentration profiles and penetration depth of topically applied substances are urgent topics of dermatological and cosmetic research. Confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy has distinct advantages when determining semi‐quantitative concentrations ofSCcomponents and topically applied substances non‐invasively and in vivo. In this work, we applied a tailored multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares (tMCR‐ALS) method to analyze Raman spectra of theSCin the 2000–4000 cm−1region for quantitatively determining the concentrations of water, lipids, proteins, and topically applied oils using substance‐related spectral loadings which were allowed to change depth‐dependently from theSC's surface toward its bottom. tMCR‐ALS makes matching of depth‐dependent signal attenuation, that is, the normalization on keratin, unnecessary and requires only a few additional experiments for calibration – Raman spectra of the pure materials and their densities.
Exposure to environmental pollutant bisphenol A causes oxidative damage and lipid accumulation in Zebrafish larvae: Protective role of WL15 peptide derived from cysteine and glycine‐rich protein 2
Authors: Guru Ajay , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHumans are exposed to obesity causing Bisphenol A in various ways, especially through diet and food containers. Bioactive peptides are already reported to have antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiobesity properties, which can mimic the role of mediators involved in obesity prevention. The protective effect of a short molecule or peptide, WL15 from cysteine and glycine‐rich protein 2 of a teleost of aquatic resource on Bisphenol A (BPA)‐induced lipid accumulation in zebrafish larvae was investigated. BPA exposure disrupted the antioxidant enzymes, apoptosis, and nitric oxide and led to changes in biochemical markers including alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione S‐transferases, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione. However, WL15 inhibited the overproduction of oxidative stress, which correlates with its lipid‐lowering potential. BPA‐induced lipid accumulation in zebrafish showed an increase in triglyceride, cholesterol, and glucose level; simultaneously, WL15 treatment significantly reduced such accumulation in zebrafish. Evidenced by Oil red O staining and Nile red assay, WL15 inhibited lipid accumulation. At the same time, WL15 at 50 µM increases 2‐(N‐[7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl]amino)‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2NBDG) glucose uptake in zebrafish. In addition, gene expression studies in zebrafish larvae demonstrated that the WL15 peptide could play a crucial role in preventing lipid accumulation by downregulating the expression of lipogenesis‐specific genes. These results revealed an interesting and novel property of WL15, suggesting its potential application in preventing lipid accumulation through the hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties.
Histone deacetylase 1 and 3 inhibitors alleviate colon inflammation by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Gu Zhengrong , Chen Xiaotian , Zhu Dandan , Wu Songting , Yu Chenggong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is not completely clear, but its pathogenesis is closely related to T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Several histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been shown to exert potent anti‐inflammatory effects and modulate Th17 cell polarization. Owing to the large variety and broad expression of HDACs, finding specific therapeutic targets for IBD is of clinical importance.MethodsThe proportions of Th17 cells and interleukin (IL)‐17A produced between patients with UC and healthy volunteers were compared. The differentiation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into Th17 cells was induced in vitro. Differentiated Th17 cells were treated with RGFP109 (RG), a selective inhibitor of HDAC1 and 3, to observe its effects on these cells. Subsequently, colitis was induced in mice and treated with RG. The proportion of Th17 cells, the severity of colitis in mice, and colon histopathology and immunohistochemistry were evaluated respectively.ResultsThe proportion of Th17 cells and IL‐17A production was significantly increased in patients with UC than in healthy individuals. RG inhibited the differentiation of human PBMCs into Th17 cells and reduced IL‐17A secretion in vitro. RG‐treated colitis mice had a lower Th17 ratio, mild colon inflammation, and decreased expression of HDAC1 and 3 in the colon.ConclusionsHDAC1 and 3 inhibitors can modulate the differentiation of inflammatory Th17 cells, downregulate IL‐17A levels, and exert anti‐inflammatory effects in experimental colitis mice, indicating that HDAC1 and 3 may be potential therapeutic targets for patients with IBD.
The β8 integrin EGF domains support a constitutive extended conformation, and the cytoplasmic domain impairs outside‐in signaling
Authors: Song Guannan , Meng Fei , Luo Bing‐Hao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntegrins are transmembrane proteins that transmit bi‐directional signals across the cell membrane through global structural rearrangement among three different conformational states: bent, extended‐ closed, and extended‐open conformations. However, the β8 integrin is distinctive and may adopt only one conformation, that is, extended‐closed conformation, with high affinity for ligands under physiological conditions, and may not transmit bi‐directional signals like other integrin members. It is unclear how different β8 domains affect its unique conformation and signaling. We swapped different domains of integrin β3 with those of β8 and investigated how they affected integrin ligand binding, global conformation, and outside‐in signaling. We found that the β8 epidermal growth factor (EGF) domains increased integrin ligand binding ability and contributed to its extended conformation. By comparison, the β8 transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains had little effect on ligand binding or global conformation. The β8 EGF and transmembrane domains did not affect integrin‐mediated cell adhesion, cell spreading, focal adhesion formation, or colocalization of integrin with other proteins, but the cytoplasmic domain had a defective effect on outside‐in signaling. Our results showed that different domains of β8 play various roles on its unique conformation, ligand binding, and signaling, which are considered atypical among integrin members.
Preterm Birth Therapies to Target Inflammation
Authors: Pavlidis Ioannis , Stock Sarah J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB; defined as delivery before 37 weeks of pregnancy) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children aged <5 years, conferring potentially devastating short‐ and long‐term complications. Despite extensive research in the field, there is currently a paucity of medications available for PTB prevention and treatment. Over the past few decades, inflammation in gestational tissues has emerged at the forefront of PTB pathophysiology. Even in the absence of infection, inflammation alone can prematurely activate the main components of parturition resulting in uterine contractions, cervical ripening and dilatation, membrane rupture, and subsequent PTB. Mechanistic studies have identified critical elements of the complex inflammatory molecular pathways involved in PTB. Here, we discuss therapeutic options that target such key mediators with an aim to prevent, postpone, or treat PTB. We provide an overview of more traditional therapies that are currently used or being tested in humans, and we highlight recent advances in preclinical studies introducing novel approaches with therapeutic potential. We conclude that urgent collaborative action is required to address the unmet need of developing effective strategies to tackle the challenge of PTB and its complications.
Antidepressants and Antipsychotics in Human Pregnancy: Transfer Across the Placenta and Opportunities for Modeling Studies
Authors: Zheng Liang , Yang Hongyi , Dallmann André 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is limited information about the transfer of antidepressants and antipsychotics across the human placenta. The objective of the current review was to systematically screen the scientific literature using relevant keywords to collect quantitative data on placental transfer of these drugs in humans and to give an overview of current modeling approaches used in this context. The collected data encompassed clinically measured fetal:maternal (F:M) concentration ratios (ie, the ratio between drug concentrations measured in the umbilical cord and drug concentrations measured in the mother) and transfer data obtained from ex vivo cotyledon perfusion experiments. These data were found for 18 antidepressants and some of their pharmacologically active metabolites, and for 10 antipsychotics and the metabolites thereof. Based on the collected data, similar maternal and fetal exposure could be observed for only a few compounds (eg, norfluoxetine and desvenlafaxine), whereas for most drugs (eg, paroxetine, sertraline, and quetiapine), fetal exposure appeared to be on average lower than maternal exposure. Venlafaxine appeared to be an exception in that the data indicated equivalent or higher concentrations in the umbilical cord than in the mother. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were sporadically used to investigate maternal pharmacokinetics of antidepressants or antipsychotics (eg, for sertraline, aripiprazole, and olanzapine), although without explicitly addressing fetal drug exposure. It is recommended that PBPK modeling is applied more frequently to these drugs. Although no substitute for clinical studies, these tools can help to better understand pregnancy‐induced pharmacokinetic changes and ultimately contribute to a more evidence‐based pharmacotherapy of depression and psychosis in pregnant subjects.
Allograft function and muscle mass evolution after kidney transplantation
Authors: Gaillard François , Ould Rabah Mélissa , Garcelon Nicolas , Touam Malik , Neuraz Antoine , Legendre Christophe , Anglicheau Dany , Prié Dominique , Bienaimé Frank 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced chronic kidney disease is associated with muscle wasting, but how glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovery after kidney transplantation is associated with muscle mass is unknown.MethodsWe took advantage of the simultaneous measurement of GFR (using iohexol plasma clearance; ioGFR) and creatinine excretion rate (a surrogate marker of muscle mass; CER) performed 3 months after transplantation and at a later time point at our institution to investigate the interplay between allograft function, muscle mass, and outcome in kidney transplant recipients.ResultsBetween June 2005 and October 2019, 1319 successive kidney transplant recipients (mean age 50.4 ± 14.6; 38.7% female) underwent GFR measurement at our institution 3 months after kidney transplantation. CER (CER3) and ioGFR (ioGFR3) were 7.7 ± 2.6 μmol/min and 53 ± 17.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Multivariable analysis identified female gender, older donor and recipient age, reduced body mass index, coronary disease, dialysis history, proteinuria, and reduced ioGFR3 as independent predictors of low CER3 (ioGFR3: β coefficient 0.19 [95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.24]). A total of 1165 patients had a subsequent CER measurement after a median follow‐up of 9.5 months. Of them, 373 (32%) experienced an increase in CER > 10%, while 222 (19%) showed a CER decrease of more than 10%. Multivariable analysis adjusted for CER3 and other confounders identified ioGFR3 as an independent predictor of CER at follow‐up (β coefficient 0.11 [95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.16]). In multivariable Cox analysis, reduced CER at 3 months or at follow‐up were consistently associated with mortality (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] at 3 months: 0.82 [0.74 to 0.91]; at follow‐up: 0.79 [0.69 to 0.99]) but not with graft loss.ConclusionsGlomerular filtration rate recovery is a determinant of muscle mass variation after kidney transplantation. Early interventions targeting muscle mass gain may be beneficial for kidney transplant recipients.
Single vesicle analysis of CD47 association with integrins and tetraspanins on extracellular vesicles released by T lymphoblast and prostate carcinoma cells
Authors: Kaur Sukhbir , Livak Ferenc , Daaboul George , Anderson Leif , Roberts David D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCD47 regulates the trafficking of specific coding and noncoding RNAs into extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the RNA contents of CD47+ EVs differ from that of CD63+ EVs released by the same cells. Single particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensing combined with immunofluorescent imaging was used to analyse the colocalization of tetraspanins, integrins, and CD47 on EVs produced by wild type and CD47‐deficient Jurkat T lymphoblast and PC3 prostate carcinoma cell lines. On Jurkat cell‐derived EVs, β1 and α4 integrin subunits colocalized predominantly with CD47 and CD81 but not with CD63 and CD9, conserving the known lateral interactions between these proteins in the plasma membrane. Although PC3 cell‐derived EVs lacked detectable α4 integrin, specific association of CD81 with β1 and CD47 was preserved. Loss of CD47 expression in Jurkat cells significantly reduced β1 and α4 levels on EVs produced by these cells while elevating CD9+, CD63+, and CD81+ EVs. In contrast, loss of CD47 in PC3 cells decreased the abundance of CD63+ and CD81+ EVs. These data establish that CD47+ EVs are mostly distinct from EVs bearing the tetraspanins CD63 and CD9, but CD47 also indirectly regulates the abundance of EVs bearing these non‐interacting tetraspanins via mechanisms that remain to be determined.
COVID‐19 systematic screening of asymptomatic haematopoietic stem cell donors: Less if often more
Authors: Blandin Lucie , Tolmer Elise , Hermet Eric , Ravinet Aurélie , Brebion Amélie , Lemal Richard , Rouzaire Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFrom COVID pandemic spread until now, many HSCT unrelated donor registries recommend as a precaution a systematic COVID‐19 testing for all donors during the precollection time. Literature is quite poor to support this systematic attitude. We report one sibling allogeneic HSCT which we proceeded despite a positive COVID test on related asymptomatic donor and summarize the all seven cases reported until now. We suggest to question this systematic COVID testing, two years after pandemic began, when there is no systematic testing on other blood products received during all the haematological malignancies treatment process.
Outcome of metal vs plastic stents for biliary obstruction in patients with pancreatic carcinoma undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Jena Anuraag , Sharma Vishal , Shukla Siddharth , Shah Jimil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative biliary drainage (PBT) may be warranted in patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma before neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) to relieve obstructive jaundice. However, it is unclear if the use of self‐expanding metal stents (SEMS) has any benefit over plastic stents in this setting.MethodsWe searched electronic databases from inception to February 11, 2022 to identify studies comparing SEMS and plastic stents for PBT in patients with pancreatic carcinoma undergoing NAT. Random effect models were used to determine pooled rates of recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) and/or need for reintervention, stent‐related complications and surgical outcome.ResultsA total of 10 studies (474 patients; metal group—37.1%) were included. Pooled risk ratio of RBO and/or need for reintervention was lower in the metal group (RR, 0.23 [95% CI: 0.11‐0.45, I2 = 60%]). Pooled risks of stent occlusion (RR, 0.43 [95% CI: 0.24‐0.80, I2 = 45%]) and stent‐related cholangitis (RR, 0.37 [95% CI: 0.17‐0.78, I2 = 1%]) were lower in the metal group. However, risks of stent‐related cholecystitis (RR, 1.51 [95% CI: 0.36‐6.41, I2 = 0%]) and pancreatitis (RR, 1.52 [95% CI: 0.07‐31.84, I2 = 66%]) were higher in the metal group. The metal group was also associated with a reduced risk of delay in NAT (RR, 0.38 [95% CI: 0.18‐0.80, I2 = 14%]). Pooled risk ratio of R0 resection and postoperative complications was equal amongst both groups.ConclusionMetal stents are associated with reduced risk of RBO and/or need for reintervention, reduced risk of stent occlusion and cholangitis as compared to plastic stents in patients with pancreatic carcinoma undergoing NAT.
Predicting overall and recurrence‐free survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using the MEGNA score: A multi‐institutional analysis
Authors: Shaikh Chanza F. , Alaimo Laura , Moazzam Zorays , Endo Yutaka , Lima Henrique A. , Dawood Zaiba , Munir Muhammad M. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMEGNA is a prognostic scoring system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) based on tumor multifocality, extension, grade, lymph node positivity, and age. We sought to assess its predictive ability for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).MethodsPatients who underwent curative‐intent liver resection for ICC between 2000 and 2020 were identified using an international multi‐institutional database. Multivariate Cox regression was utilized to identify prognostic factors.ResultsAmong 800 patients with a median age of 58 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 50–68), the majority of patients were male (n = 467, 58.4%). 5‐year OS was 40.5%, while 5‐year RFS was 27.9%. The prognostic ability of MEGNA score (c‐index = 0.60) was similar to AJCC (c‐index = 0.58) and TBS (c‐index = 0.58). MEGNA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (0: Reference; I: hazard ratio [HR]: 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.84; II: HR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.57–2.96; ≥III: HR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.33–3.06; all p < 0.05), alongside high CA 19‐9, positive resection margins, and major vascular invasion (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, although MEGNA was not able to predict RFS, high CA 19‐9 and microvascular invasion were independently associated with worse RFS.ConclusionMEGNA score was an independent prognostic factor for OS. However, its prognostic ability was modest and comparable to existing systems such as AJCC eigth edition and TBS.