bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visuomotor performance at high altitude in COPD patients. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of acetazolamide
Authors: Scheiwiller P. M. , Furian M. , Buergin A. , Mayer L. C. , Schneider S. R. , Mademilov M. , Lichtblau M. , Muralt L. , Sheraliev U. , Sooronbaev T. M. , Ulrich S. , Bloch K. E. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: We evaluated whether exposure to high altitude impairs visuomotor learning in lowlanders with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and whether this can be prevented by acetazolamide treatment.Methods: 45 patients with COPD, living &lt;800 m, FEV1 ≥40 to &lt;80%predicted, were randomized to acetazolamide (375 mg/d) or placebo, administered 24h before and during a 2-day stay in a clinic at 3100 m. Visuomotor performance was evaluated with a validated, computer-assisted test (Motor-Task-Manager) at 760 m above sea level (baseline, before starting the study drug), within 4h after arrival at 3100 m and in the morning after one night at 3100 m. Main outcome was the directional error (DE) of cursor movements controlled by the participant via mouse on a computer screen during a target tracking task. Effects of high altitude and acetazolamide on DE during an adaptation phase, immediate recall and post-sleep recall were evaluated by regression analyses. www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03165890.Results: In 22 patients receiving placebo, DE at 3100 m increased during adaptation by mean 2.5°, 95%CI 2.2° to 2.7° (p &lt; 0.001), during immediate recall by 5.3°, 4.6° to 6.1° (p &lt; 0.001), and post-sleep recall by 5.8°, 5.0 to 6.7° (p &lt; 0.001), vs. corresponding values at 760 m. In 23 participants receiving acetazolamide, corresponding DE were reduced by −0.3° (−0.6° to 0.1°, p = 0.120), −2.7° (−3.7° to −1.6°, p &lt; 0.001) and −3.1° (−4.3° to −2.0°, p &lt; 0.001), compared to placebo at 3100 m.Conclusion: Lowlanders with COPD travelling to 3100 m experienced altitude-induced impairments in immediate and post-sleep recall of a visuomotor task. Preventive acetazolamide treatment mitigated these undesirable effects.
Outcomes associated with antidepressant treatment according to the number of prescriptions and treatment changes: 5-year follow-up of a nation-wide cohort study
Authors: Ouazana-Vedrines Charles , Lesuffleur Thomas , Cuerq Anne , Fagot-Campagna Anne , Rachas Antoine , Gastaldi-Ménager Chrystelle , Hoertel Nicolas , Limosin Frédéric , Lemogne Cédric , Tuppin Philippe 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundNaturalistic studies regarding clinical outcomes associated with antidepressant treatment duration have yielded conflicting results, possibly because they did not consider the occurrence of treatment changes. This nation-wide population-based study examined the association between the number of filled prescriptions and treatment changes and long-term psychiatric outcomes after antidepressant treatment initiation.MethodsBased on the French national health insurance database, 842,175 adults who initiated an antidepressant treatment in 2011 were included. Cox proportional-hazard multi-adjusted regression models examined the association between the number of filled prescriptions and the occurrence of treatment changes 12 months after initiation and four outcomes during a 5-year follow-up: psychiatric hospitalizations, suicide attempts, sick leaves for a psychiatric diagnosis, new episodes of antidepressant treatment.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 4.5 years, the incidence rates of the four above-mentioned outcomes were 13.49, 2.47, 4.57, and 92.76 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. The number of filled prescriptions was associated with each outcome (adjusted HRs [95% CI] for one additional prescription ranging from 1.01 [1.00–1.02] to 1.10 [1.09–1.11]), as was the occurrence of at least one treatment change vs. none (adjusted HRs [95% CI] ranging from 1.18 [1.16–1.21] to 1.57 [1.79–1.65]). Furthermore, the adjusted HRs [95% CI] of the number of filled prescriptions were greater in patients with (vs. without) a treatment change for psychiatric hospitalizations (1.12 [1.11–1.14] vs. 1.09 [1.08–1.10], p for interaction = 0.002) and suicide attempts (1.12 [1.09–1.15] vs. 1.06 [1.04–1.08], p for interaction = 0.006).LimitationsLack of clinical data about the disorders warranting the prescriptions or their severity.ConclusionConsidering treatment changes is critical when using administrative claims database to examine the long-term psychiatric outcomes of antidepressant treatments in real-life settings.
Longitudinal trends in the prevalence and treatment of depression among adults with cardiovascular disease: An analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey 2009–2020
Authors: Feng Zhen , Tong Wai Kei , Tang Zhijia 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo assess the contemporary prevalence and decadal trends of depression and antidepressant use among adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States, as well as their risk factors from 2009 to 2020.Materials and methodsWe used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to calculate the weighted prevalence of depression and antidepressant use. Adults aged 20 years or older with CVD were included. Depression and CVD were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and self-report, respectively.ResultsA total of 3,073 eligible participants with CVD aged &gt;20 years were included. The overall prevalence of depression defined by PHQ-9 score ≥10 was 15.7% (95% CI 13.8–17.5), with a steady trend during 2009–March 2020 (p = 0.777). Female gender (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.20–2.64) and sleep disorder (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.78–3.86) were independent risk factors for depression in CVD patients, while high education level, high income, longer sleep duration, and non-current smokers were considered protective factors. The weighted prevalence of antidepressant use among depressed patients with CVD was 38.6%, which also remained unchanged during the survey period (p = 0.699). Participants with normal sleep pattern and duration were significantly less likely to take antidepressants (p = 0.003).ConclusionThe longitudinal trends in the prevalence of depression among CVD patients in the United States have been stable over the past decade, despite being significantly higher in women, and those with sleep disorders. Overall, antidepressant use was fairly low. Aggressive screening and tailored treatment are recommended for specific vulnerable subpopulations to improve their clinical outcomes.
Development and trainability of agility in youth: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Thieschäfer Lutz , Büsch Dirk 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAgility is acknowledged as a crucial factor of performance in various open skill sports in both adult and youth athletes. However, despite its significance for sports performance the development and the trainability of agility are under-researched within the pediatric literature. A systematic scoping review was considered most appropriate to provide researchers and practitioners with an overview of the current body of literature approaching agility in youth.ObjectivesThe objectives of this scoping review were to map the extent, range, and nature of existing evidence regarding trainability and “natural” development of agility and to summarize corresponding study results.MethodsThe scoping review protocol was pre-registered at Open Science Framework. Systematic searches were conducted using the databases PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, SURF, and SPONET to identify sources covering agility in youth. Among other inclusion criteria, only references applying unplanned agility concepts were included.ResultsUltimately, 41 reports were included comprising 23 observational studies, 14 experimental studies, and 4 references of secondary research. A total of 3,087 subjects were assessed in the included studies. Subject groups were predominantly male, above 10 years of age, and soccer athletes. Outcomes of observational studies indicate an effect of age and maturation on agility performance resulting in a non-linear “natural” development of agility. Furthermore, relationships between contributing perceptual-cognitive factors and agility performance tend to increase with progressing age, whereas relationships between physical factors and agility performance diminish. Evidence of training studies suggests that agility is trainable in youth, albeit with various underlying mechanisms.ConclusionsThis systematic scoping review is the first mapping of the body of literature about agility in youth. It outlines the current evidence base, reveals research gaps, and points out future directions to support researchers and practitioners in this field. Although, increasing research activity in this field is discernible, agility research in youth is still in its infancy. Considering the significance of agility for sports performance, future research is postulated to design evidence-based strategies for long-term agility development in young athletes.
Respiratory dysbiosis in cats with spontaneous allergic asthma
Authors: Vientós-Plotts Aida I. , Ericsson Aaron C. , McAdams Zachary L. , Rindt Hansjorg , Reinero Carol R. 
Published: September 2022

Deviations from a core airway microbiota have been associated with the development and progression of asthma as well as disease severity. Pet cats represent a large animal model for allergic asthma, as they spontaneously develop a disease similar to atopic childhood asthma. This study aimed to describe the lower airway microbiota of asthmatic pet cats and compare it to healthy cats to document respiratory dysbiosis occurring with airway inflammation. We hypothesized that asthmatic cats would have lower airway dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in richness, diversity, and alterations in microbial community composition including identification of possible pathobionts. In the current study, a significant difference in airway microbiota composition was documented between spontaneously asthmatic pet cats and healthy research cats mirroring the finding of dysbiosis in asthmatic humans.FilobacteriumandAcinetobacterspp. were identified as predominant taxa in asthmatic cats without documented infection based on standard culture and could represent pathobionts in the lower airways of cats.Mycoplasma felis, a known lower airway pathogen of cats, was identified in 35% of asthmatic but not healthy cats.This article has been published alongside “Temporal changes of the respiratory microbiota as cats transition from health to experimental acute and chronic allergic asthma” (1).
The C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein MaNCP1 Contributes to Conidiation through Governing the Nitrate Assimilation Pathway in the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium acridum
Authors: Li Chaochuang , Xia Yuxian , Jin Kai 
Published: September 2022

Zinc finger proteins are an important class of multifunctional regulators. Here, the roles of a C2H2 zinc finger protein MaNCP1 (Metarhizium acridum nitrate-related conidiation pattern shift regulatory factor 1) in nitrogen utilization and conidiation were explored in the entomopathogenic fungus M. acridum. The results showed that MaNCP1-disruption mutant (ΔMaNCP1) impaired the ability to utilize nitrate, ammonium and glutamine and reduced the expression of nitrate assimilation-related genes, suggesting that MaNCP1 was involved in governing nitrogen utilization. In addition, the conidial yield of the ΔMaNCP1 strain, cultured on the microcycle conidiation medium (SYA), was significantly decreased, which could be restored or even enhanced than that of the WT strain through increasing the nitrate content in SYA medium. Further study showed that MaAreA, a core regulator in the nitrogen catabolism repression (NCR) pathway, was a downstream target gene of MaNCP1. Screening the differential expression genes between WT and ΔMaNCP1 strains revealed that the conidial yield of M. acridum regulated by nitrate might be related to NCR pathway on SYA medium. It could be concluded that MaNCP1 contributes to the nitrate assimilation and conidiation, which will provide further insights into the relationship between the nitrogen utilization and conidiation in fungi.
Comparative Genotypic Analysis of RAPD and RFLP Markers for Molecular Variation Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates
Authors: Elkady Fathy M. , Al-Askar Abdulaziz A. , Tawab Ahmed Abdel , Alkherkhisy Mohammad M. , Arishi Amr A. , Hashem Amr H. 
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates are associated with various diseases ranged from mild superficial impairments to invasive infections. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods namely, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the coa gene and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), to determine the genetic diversity of MRSA isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 37 MRSA isolates were conventionally identified depending on their biochemical and microbiological culture characteristics. Genotypic confirmation was based on detection of the associated mecA gene. The genetic variation amongst MRSA isolates was evaluated following the coa gene-based RFLP and RAPD fingerprints. Results: Results illustrated that, the species specific coa gene was detected in all MRSA isolates. The irregular bands intensity, number, and molecular sizes of the PCR amplicons demonstrated the coa gene polymorphism. The incompatible AluI digestion patterns of these amplicons classified the tested MRSA isolates into 20 RFLP patterns which confirm the coa gene polymorphism. Additionally, the PCR-based RAPD analysis showed variable bands number with size range of approximately 130 bp to 4 kbp, which indicated the genetic variation of the tested MRSA isolates as it created 36 variable RAPD banding profiles. Conclusions: coa gene AluI enzymatic restriction sites, amongst the tested MRSA isolates, certify their genetic variation on the basis of the accurate but complicated and relatively expensive coa gene-based RFLP. Conversely, the results verified the excellent ability of the simple and cost-effective PCR-based RAPD analysis to discriminate between MRSA isolates without any preface data about the genome.
Ecological Distribution Patterns of Wild Grasses and Abiotic Factors
Authors: Tassadduq Syeda Saba , Akhtar Shamim , Waheed Muhammad , Bangash Nazneen , Nayab Durr-e- , Majeed Muhammad , Abbasi Sanaullah , Muhammad Murad , Alataway Abed , Dewidar Ahmed Z. , Elansary Hosam O. , Yessoufou Kowiyou 
Published: September 2022

Documentation the relative influence of ecological dynamics on species diversity patterns can help us better understand spatial distribution patterns and devise a systematically comprehensive base for carrying out environmental explorations. The current attempt aimed at exploring the distribution patterns, diversity and richness of wild grasses with respect to climatic dynamics in the Gujrat district of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, we applied the randomized sample method and sampled a total of 90 sites across the Gujrat district between 2019 and 2021 to document data on wild grasses and related ecological conditions. After assessment of the significant value index of each grass species with ecological records, we evaluated the data by ordination and cluster analysis. A total of 57 wild grasses from 37 genera were documented from the Gujrat district. The leading genera were Brachiaria, Cenchrus and Setaria, each accounting for 7.02% of all documented species, followed by Aristida and Panicum, each representing 5.76% of the species. Dactyloctenium, Dichanthium, Eragrostis, Polypogon, Poa and Saccharum each accounted for 5.26% of the species, and Digitaria, Pennisetum, Eragrostis, Chrysopogon Poa and Setaria each accounted for 3.51% of the species. Other genera each had a single species. Among all grasses, 75.44% of the species were native and 24.56% species were exotic and introduced to the study area. The leading life forms were therophytes (56.14%), followed by hemicryptophytes (42.11%) and geophytes (1.75%). Microphylls, with a 54.39% share, dominated the leaf size spectra of the wild grasses flora in this research. Other frequent classes included nanophylls (21.05%), macrophylls (19.3%) and leptophylls (5.26%). Flowering phenology of wild grasses showed that mainly species at the flowering phase were recorded during the months of June to August (40.35%) and July to September (19.29%). By applying Ward’s agglomerative clustering method, we classified the ninety transects into four major groups. Ordination analysis showed that different ecological factors had significant (p ≤ 0.002) effects on vegetation relations. The present endeavor provides a basic way to understand the impacts of ecological variables on the structure, diversity, composition and associations of wild grasses, which are helpful to improve the scientific-informed conservation and management measures for the environmental reestablishment of degraded habitat in the studied region.
Management of patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis during the periooperative period of ophthalmic surgery
Authors: Pavlyushchenko L. V. , Filimonova E. E. , Sorokin E. L. 
Published: September 2022

Aim. To study the frequency and structure of hepatitis and cirrhosis among ophthalmic surgery patients.Material and methods. Among 1706 ophthalmic surgery patients, 43 patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were selected. A clinical assessment of the etiology and severity of their condition was carried out and the possibility of performing ophthalmic surgery was determined.Results. The average age of the patients included in the study comprised 64.1 ± 9.7 years, with 72.1% of the patients belonging to the elderly age group. 88.4%, 9.3%, and 2.3% (one patient) of the patients suffered from viral hepatitis (B, C, chronic HBV and HCV coinfection), toxic hepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis, respectively. Among hepatitis patients, HCV monoinfection prevailed (55.4%). The majority (97.7%) of patients demonstrated minimal disease activity. Although violations of the hemostatic system were detected in nine patients, signs of significant hypocoagulability were observed in three patients (6.9%). Following a 3-day course of intramuscular vitamin K injections 2 to 3 times per day, these three patients underwent successful ophthalmic surgery. Out of 97.7% of patients admitted to surgery, 39 people were operated in a planned manner and 3 people required medical preparation. In one patient with suspected acute viral hepatitis B, planned surgical treatment was postponed.Conclusions. The share of patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis in the general structure of ophthalmic surgery patients comprised 2.5%. Among them, viral hepatitis B and C prevailed (88.4%) with dominated HCV monoinfection (55.4%). The vast majority of patients (97.7%) showed minimal hepatitis activity; 6.9% had signs of significant hypocoagulability, thus requiring preoperative medical preparation.
Rationale for minimally invasive surgery and its clinical use in early ANFH
Authors: Antonov A. V. , Volovik V. E. , Rikov A. G. , Berezuckii S. N. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives. A study of the expedience of arthroscopic revision of hip cavity in conjunction with tunnelling, revision and sanitation of the femoral head necrosis site, followed by bone alloplasty early in disease, during surgical treatment of ANFH patients.Materials and methods. Minimally invasive two-stage decompression with bone alloplasty was performed as a surgical treatment in stage 0, 1, 2 ANFH patients at the orthopaedic unit of Vladimirtsev Territorial Clinical Hospital of Khabarovsk during 2017–2021. The survey included 60 patients examined as follows: clinical examination, radiography, multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, with follow-ups in 6 and 12 months.Results and discussion. A detailed arthroscopy analysis was performed at different stages of the disease sequence, which allowed a comprehensive comparison of X-ray and intraarticular change data.Conclusions. The study demonstrated that therapeutic and diagnostic hip arthroscopy offers a number of clear advantages and allows decision on a surgical treatment tactics that minimises postoperative complications. The use of minimally invasive surgeries in early ANFH allows a stable regain of the patient social activity to postpone radical surgical interventions.
Pengaruh Penambahan Masterglenium ACE 8595 Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Authors: Yazid Muhammad , Husaini Rizki Ramadhan , Ramdhani Fitra , Husnah Husnah , Annisa Siti Fini 
Published: September 2022

Beton bermutu tinggi umumnya memiliki nilai FAS yang relatif keci. Namun hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan rendahnya workability beton yang akan mempengaruhi kuat tekan beton. Penambahan bahan tambah terutama superplaticizer dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah workability tersebut. Salah satu contoh bahan tambah yang digunakan adalah MasterGlenium ACE 8595. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan MasterGlenium ACE 8595 pada kuat tekan beton dan mengetahui persentase MasterGlenium ACE 8595 dalam campuran beton yang menghasilkan kekuatan beton optimum. Persentase penggunaan MasterGlenium ACE 8595 yaitu 0%; 0,3 %; 0,6 %; 0,9 %; 1,2 %; 1,5 %; 1,8 % dan 2,1% dari berat semen dengan slump flow Self Compacted Concrete (SCC) rencana 60 cm – 75 cm. Adapun benda uji yang digunakan adalah silinder dengan diameter 150 mm dan tinggi 300 mm serta berjumlah tiga sampel pada setiap variasinya yang diuji pada umur beton 28 hari. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah setiap penambahan dosis akan meningkatkan workability beton dan perlu dilakukan pengurangan air untuk mencegah terjadinya segregasi pada beton SCC tersebut. Kuat tekan beton optimum yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 52,81 MPa pada variasi MasterGlenium ACE 8695 0,6% dengan pengurangan air sebesar 27,12%. Sedangkan variasi MasterGlenium ACE 8595 2,1% menghasilkan kuat tekan terendah sebesar 40,56 MPa dengan pengurangan air sebanyak 33,89%.
The underlying esoteric Ismaili doctrine in Abdullah Yusuf Ali’s translation of the Quran
Authors: Al-Hitari Abdussalam 
Published: September 2022

Some researchers have identified doctrinal errors in Yusuf Ali's translation of, and commentary on, the Holy Quran. Ali's unconventional views have been attributed mainly to secondary reasons that do not fully account for his consistent departure from mainstream Islamic views on several issues such as prophethood, revelation and eschatology. It was hypothesized that Ali's Bohra affiliation informed his choices in the work under scrutiny. The interpretative qualitative approach is used. Select Ismaili/Bohra doctrines are used as a frame of reference. Representative examples of these doctrines were purposively identified in several suras (chapters) in Ali's work and examined for consistency. The extracted examples were analyzed in light of the selected Bohra doctrines. Results show that Ali's work is based on the esoteric Ismaili/Bohra doctrine and departs from mainstream Quranic exegesis he claimed to have relied on. The study further finds that Ali's work belongs to the ta'wil (interpretation) genre of Ismaili literature. At best, Ali's work needs to be thoroughly revised and expurgated of the esoteric content in future editions.