bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A plant virus enhances odorant‐binding protein 5 (OBP5) in the vector whitefly for more actively olfactory orientation to the host plant
Authors: He Haifang , Li Jingjing , Zhang Zelong , Yan Minghui , Zhang Beibei , Zhu Chaoqiang , Yan Weili , Shi Baozheng , Wang Yaxin , Zhao Chenchen , Yan Fengming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a notorious agricultural pest and the effective vector of many plant viruses worldwide. Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), exclusively transmitted by B. tabaci in a semipersistent manner, is a serious causal agent in cucurbit crops in many countries. Plant viruses can manipulate the behaviors of insect vectors to promote the spread of themselves, but underlying mechanisms are remaining unclear.RESULTSIn this study, our observations indicated that B. tabaci, when carrying CCYV, oriented more actively to the host plant cucumber. Transcriptome analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription analysis showed that the odorant‐binding protein 5 (OBP5) was upregulated with viral acquisition. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that BtabOBP5 was highly homologous with nine OBPs from other hemipteran insects. In addition, OBP5‐silenced whiteflies significantly altered their orientation behavior towards cucumber plants and towards some typical volatile organic compounds released from cucumbers.CONCLUSIONThis study described a novel mechanism by which the olfactory system of vector insects could be regulated by a semipersistent plant virus, thereby affecting insect olfactory behavior and relationship with host plants. These results provided a basis for developing potential olfaction‐based pest management strategies in the future. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Adaptive control of time‐delay nonlinear HOFA systems with unmodeled dynamics and unknown dead‐zone input
Authors: Zhang Liuliu , Wang Peng , Hua Changchun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the control problem of time‐delay nonlinear high‐order fully actuated (HOFA) systems with unmodeled dynamics and unknown dead‐zone input. The primary objective of this paper is to design an adaptive controller by using the HOFA systems approach. To do so, we need to tackle some technical obstacles. Firstly, in order to deal with unmodeled dynamics in the HOFA systems, the technique of changing the supply rate is combined with the HOFA systems approach. Secondly, an adaptive dead‐zone inverse is constructed to compensate for the influence of the unknown asymmetrical dead‐zone input nonlinearity. Then, the controller is designed by the HOFA systems approach, and it is proved that all states of the systems converge to a bounded region based on the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functions. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed adaptive controller.
Development of transient habitat modeling for stream Macrozoobenthos
Authors: Thepphachanh Sengdavanh , Stamm Jürgen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn addition to the hydromorphological pressure on the ecological conditions of free‐flowing river courses, increasing water temperature is affecting the water bodies, particularly by changing freshwater community compositions. The low discharge of numerous European rivers in the dry and hot hydrological year 2022 proves this relevance. Therefore, ecological assessment tools such as habitat modeling should take these factors into account when assessing the quantity and quality of habitats. In this paper, the habitat modeling tool “Transient River Habitat Modeling for Macrozoobenthos” (TRiMM) is improved by incorporating a fuzzy logic approach and adding water temperature to the set of parameters determining habitat suitability for macrozoobenthos. Habitat‐relevant parameters, including hydromorphological factors (depth, velocity, mineral and organic substrate) and a water quality factor (temperature), are combined in the habitat model so that it can more broadly characterize river physical conditions and their interactions with biological indicators. Habitat modeling employed the mentioned parameters to simulate suitability for the macrozoobenthos in a small river in central Saxony, Germany. Due to its deteriorated condition, this river was selected as a representative for thousands of kilometers of small rivers across the region, which have been restored. The model simulated the status quo of river conditions from spring to summer for three macrozoobenthos species (Ancylus fluviatilis, Ephemera danica and Gammarus fossarum). The results showed that the natural flow resulted in dynamic habitat suitability both spatially and temporally, which differs for each species. Remarkably, the five‐parameter model (depth, velocity, temperature, mineral, and organic substrate) generally performed better compared to a similar model without temperature.
Untersuchungen zur Steifigkeit von Querrahmenanschlüssen bei Verbundbrücken
Authors: Blau Nick , Naujoks Bernd 
Published: December 2022

AbstractZur Minimierung der Profilverformung werden Verbundbrücken durch ihr Quersystem ausgesteift. Bei Verbundbrücken mit einem begehbaren Hohlkastenquerschnitt wird dieses i. d. R. durch einen Querrahmen ggf. mit Innen‐ bzw. Außendiagonalen gebildet. Bei der Bemessung des Quersystems ist die Annahme eines gelenkigen Anschlusses zwischen Querrahmen und Fahrbahnplatte praxisüblicher Standard. Eine Querbiegetragfähigkeit der Verbundfuge wird mangels fehlender Bemessungsregeln bzw. ‐modelle nicht in Rechnung gestellt. Da aufgetretene Schadensfälle zeigen, dass diese Annahme im Grenzzustand der Ermüdung auf der unsicheren Seite liegen kann, wird in den nachfolgenden Ausführungen ein praxistaugliches Berechnungsmodell vorgestellt, über welches sich die Anschlusssteifigkeit realistisch erfassen lässt. Die Plausibilität des entwickelten Modells wurde im Rahmen einer Monitoringmaßnahme an der Talbrücke Ganslandsiepen überprüft.
Alternate wet and dry irrigation technology as a sustainable water management and disease vector control tool
Authors: Talukdar Oli , Bhattacharya Satya Sundar , Gogoi Nayanmoni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRising population and demands for rice as a staple food have created severe stress on freshwater availability for paddy cultivation. The literature suggests that conventional irrigation techniques are inadequate to overcome the water constraints arising from drought and extreme weather conditions. In the past few decades, there is an upsurge of scientific exploration of agricultural techniques in reinventing traditional methods of irrigation. Recently, alternate wet and dry irrigation (AWDI) method has shown great promise regarding profitable rice cultivation with limited water supply. The AWDI method is a trending water management system, which inundates rice fields with intermittent wet conditions followed by a dry period. This not only ensures adequate water supply but increases crop yield and water productivity index (WPI). The AWDI also helps in reducing parasitic mosquito population in the rice fields by minimizing the field flooding period and curtailing a major part of their life cycles. This review proposes a novel approach of emphasizing AWDI method as an important agricultural tool for supplementing rice fields with limited freshwater, increasing crop yield, and monitoring parasitic mosquito populations. The major objective of this study is to report the state‐of‐the‐art scenario of AWDI method, critically analyze the research gaps related to conventional methods of irrigation and appreciate the futuristic long‐term benefits of AWDI method. Literature survey was performed using search engines like Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Comprehensive appraisal of resources (both offline and online) and critical evaluation of AWDI technicalities revealed that the AWDI reduced water usage by 45%, enhanced crop yield and improved WPI in paddy fields in the Asian sub‐continent. The AWDI also curtailed the propagation of lethal mosquito species (Cx. tritaenorhynchus, Cx. vishnui, and Cx pseudovishnui) in rice fields. Therefore, the current study endorses AWDI as a promising substitute of conventional irrigation and a novel approach towards fulfilling water constraints that may be practiced anywhere in the world.
The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia and Asian immigrants to Western countries
Authors: Aniwan Satimai , Santiago Priscila , Loftus Edward V. , Park Sang Hyoung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which comprises Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is an idiopathic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence and prevalence of IBD are rapidly increasing worldwide, particularly in newly industrialized regions such as Asia. Although a large medical armamentarium is available for treating this chronic disease, IBD imposes a marked global disease burden. To understand the complex etiopathogenesis of this condition, it is important to consider the rapidly changing trends in its epidemiology in Asia. During the past few decades, the incidence and prevalence of IBD have significantly increased in both Asian countries and Asian immigrants in Western countries. In this review, we aimed to study and update the epidemiology of IBD in diverse Asian regions and among Asian immigrants in North America and Europe. Moreover, we highlighted that this population exhibits a unique disease phenotype, such as male predominance and high frequency of perianal fistula in Crohn's disease. Also, a different disease phenotype including more complicated disease such as perianal complications was noted in Asian Americans and Asian Europeans.
Simultaneous cardio‐cerebral infarction in a dog
Authors: Dupanloup Adrien , Philibert Helene 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 4‐year‐old, spayed, female, mix‐breed dog presented for acutely rolling to the left. She had developed an apathetic behaviour over the last 5 months and also recurrent urinary tract infections. On presentation, cardiac auscultation revealed a fast heart rate and premature beats. The dog was stuporous, with a head tilt to the left, abnormal eye position and movements and absent facial sensation on the left side of the head. Clinicopathologic analysis was consistent with hypothyroidism. Electrocardiography evaluation revealed an accelerated idioventricular rhythm interrupted by ventricular premature complexes. Postmortem examination revealed infarction of the right thalamus due to an occlusive thrombus associated with atherosclerosis, together with acute myocardial infarction of the left ventricular wall with an associated thrombus and atherosclerosis in a supplying coronary artery. This report illustrates a concurrent cardio‐cerebral infraction in a dog. Neurological and electrocardiographic abnormalities are explained, and the pathophysiology of the clinical signs is discussed.
Numerical simulation for two‐phase dusty thermally developed Marangoni forced convective flow of Williamson material: A finite difference scheme
Authors: Guedri Kamel , Hashmi M. Sadiq , Al‐Khaled Kamel , Khan M. Ijaz , Khan Nargis , Khan Sami Ullah , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPresent research work reports some novel investigation regarding thermal Marangoni convection features for Williamson fluid flow along with utilization of dust particles. In order to improve the transportation process, the thermal radiation and mixed convection aspects are also taken into account. The surface tension has been considered a linearly fluctuating with the surface temperature. The temperature of interface dust particles and fluid attained quadratic relation with interface arc length. The flow problem is based on dust particle phase and associated fundamental laws of heat/mass phenomenon. The valuable transformations acquired the flow problem in non‐dimensional form which are further proceeded numerically via novel finite difference procedure. The outcomes from simulated theoretical analysis are graphically underlined in view of novel physical relevance. The fluid velocity increasing versus Grashof number. Also, fluid velocity declines for dust particle mass concentration, suction/injection and momentum dust parameter. The temperature of working fluid boosts against larger radiation parameter.
‘Especial Outrage to Humanity and Civilisation’. The Atrocities of General Juan Manuel de Rosas and the Pursuit of Empathy
Authors: Prieto Moisés 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Uruguayan Civil War (1839–1851), in which Brazil, France, Britain and the Argentine Confederation were involved, became an international conflict with humanitarian claims in favour of the besieged population of Montevideo with its prominent French community. General Juan Manuel de Rosas, governor of Buenos Aires with dictatorial powers, was allied against Montevideo, where many of his unitarian enemies had fled and where his regime was under attack through inflammatory newspapers and pamphlets. This chapter will examine the emotional strategies deployed by anti-Rosist dissidents in order to provoke a stronger involvement by France and Britain in support of Montevideo and the unitarians.
The Touch of the Image: Affect and Materiality in Photojournalism of the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Labanyi Jo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the ways in which humanitarian photographs of the Spanish Civil War by a range of international and Spanish photographers, male and female, touch spectators (emotionally and materially) in order to secure their support for the Republican cause. The distribution networks for these photographs are explained, together with the recycling of images, sometimes out of context. The visual analysis is informed by recourse to affect theory, with particular emphasis on the role of materiality in producing an impact on the spectator.
Varieties of Authoritarianism in Eurasia
Authors: Schatz Edward 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChina’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a massive undertaking with enormous potential to transform Central Asia and beyond. Yet, the die has not yet been cast. Central Asian publics and policymakers have agency; they can accept, modify, or even resist impending transformations. Moreover, the push for authoritarianism in the region may have less to do with China per se than with broader, global trends. By taking stock of Eurasia’s varieties of authoritarianism, I put China and the BRI’s role into perspective.
European democracy’s Response to the BRI
Authors: Mihr Anja 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, I will argue that the 2013 Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been neither a curse nor a blessing for democracy. Instead, China’s BRI activities in over 140 countries worldwide have triggered many global and local movements and initiatives that have led alternatively to stronger autocratisation and democratisation in some regions, such as across Eurasia. The quantity of investments under the BRI is not a determinant of whether a country democratises or autocratises.Instead, the BRI and the autocratic leadership of the Chinese government in implementing investments across Eurasia has triggered several countermeasures by the European Union (EU) and the G7. One of these is the Global Gateway Initiative (GGI) which aims to invest in infrastructure and development projects worldwide, but with the key difference that its aim is to promote democratic norms and principles of human rights at the same time. Some of the consequences of the New Cold War between democratic and autocratic political systems including the rising unrest of civil society in the face of autocratic forms of governance and anti-Chinese sentiments, these lead to civil unrest and even wars that destabilise entire regions and countries.
The Role of Higher Education in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ashida Akemi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the relationship between Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 and higher education. Higher education has traditionally been expected to play three significant roles: education, research, and social contribution. However, due to globalization, these societal roles and expectations are gradually evolving. There are two targets under SDG 4 that are directly related to higher education. Target 4.3 aims to “ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational, and tertiary education, including university.” It is noteworthy that the target mentions not only accessibility to higher education, but also quality. Additionally, the Times Higher Education released the Impact Ranking and visualized a university’s global performance, which assesses universities according to the framework of SDGs. Japan was the most represented nation in 2019, highlighting Japanese universities’ active efforts to work on global issues. While various efforts have been made to achieve the indicators of SDG targets, the global impact of COVID-19 has provided a significant opportunity for the role of higher education to be reconsidered. Considering this background, this chapter introduces various activities and initiatives at Japanese higher education institutions, such as the Science and Technology ResearchPartnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), which promotes international joint research on global issues. Finally, this chapter presents the further expected roles and challenges for higher education in society through the indirect spillover effects on the other goals of the SDGs.
Less is More: Efficient Networked VR Transformation Handling Using Geometric Algebra
Authors: Kamarianakis Manos , Chrysovergis Ilias , Lydatakis Nick , Kentros Mike , Papagiannakis George 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs shared, collaborative, networked, virtual environments become increasingly popular, various challenges arise regarding the efficient transmission of model and scene transformation data over the network. As user immersion and real-time interactions heavily depend on VR stream synchronization, transmitting the entire data set does not seem a suitable approach, especially for sessions involving a large number of users. Session recording is another momentum-gaining feature of VR applications that also faces the same challenge. The selection of a suitable data format can reduce the occupied volume, while it may also allow effective replication of the VR session and optimized post-processing for analytics and deep-learning algorithms. In this work, we propose two algorithms that can be applied in the context of a networked multiplayer VR session, to efficiently transmit the displacement and orientation data from the users’ hand-based VR HMDs. Moreover, we present a novel method for effective VR recording of the data exchanged in such a session. Our algorithms, based on the use of dual-quaternions and multivectors, impact the network consumption rate and are highly effective in scenarios involving multiple users. By sending less data over the network and interpolating the in-between frames locally, we manage to obtain better visual results than current state-of-the-art methods. Lastly, we prove that, for recording purposes, storing less data and interpolating them on-demand yields a data set quantitatively close to the original one.
Numerical analysis of direct-current (DC) plasma processing for high-efficient steel surface modification
Authors: Wei Xinyang , Xu Fangda , Bennett Adam , Swan Julian , Pulsford Jamie , Chen Guoda , Yu Nan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNowadays, direct-current (dc) non-transferred arc plasma torch has drawn significant interest from both academia and industry due to the capability to process products in an efficient and convenient way. The core of this technology is to clarify and manipulate the arc behavior at the interior of the dc plasma torch to produce ideal plasma jets for processing. To solve this problem, a quasi-steady axisymmetric model is built to simulate and compare the arc characteristics in different operating conditions and different nozzle structures of the plasma torch. The results uncover distinct aspects of the study on arc characteristics, including the detection of the primary arc attachment region and its spatial features caused by the choking effect of torch structure. The thermal efficiency focused on processing substrate is also calculated in this paper for estimating the performance of plasma processing. The calculated results show that increasing the mass flow rate brings better thermal efficiency and the greatest promotion is at least 6% in the same current value, whereas improving the arc current value causes the opposite result. Meanwhile, two types of nozzle are compared to the original design in thermal efficiency, where the wide nozzle is chosen for torch optimization due to its best power efficiency. The secondary arc attachment on the metal substrate is discovered though its impact scope is only within a radius of 10 mm from the torch axis, its effect on the processing could be ignored for the extremely low electric current value.
Structuring of thin films by ultrashort laser pulses
Authors: Bonse Jörn , Krüger Jörg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractModern life and global communication would not be possible without technologically tailored thin films; they are omnipresent in daily life applications. In most cases, the films are deposited entirely at the carrying substrates in a specific processing step of the device or sample. In some cases, however, removal or modification must be performed locally, i.e., site-controlled and material selective through an additional laser processing step. For that ultrashort laser pulses with durations in the femtosecond and picosecond range can provide unique advantages and capabilities in industrially scalable schemes. This article reviews the current state of the research and corresponding industrial transfer related to the structuring of thin films by ultrashort pulsed lasers. It focuses on the pertinent historic developments, reveals the relevant physical and chemical effects, explores the ultimate limits, and discusses selected industrial and scientific applications.