bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cationic Complexes with Au→Ge Bonds – Synthesis and Carbophilic Reactivity
Authors: Karimi Mohammadjavad , Litle Elishua , Gabbaï† François P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs part of our efforts to interface late transition metals with Lewis acidic main group fragments, we have decided to investigate gold complexes bearing halogermanes as Z‐type ligands. Toward this end, we have synthesized complexes of general formula [(o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)2(Ph)(X)GeAuCl] (X = F, Cl). Experimental and computational analyses indicate the presence of an Au→Ge interaction in both cases. Chloride abstraction reactions have also been investigated. In the case of X = Cl, double chloride abstraction with AgSbF6 affords a putative dication that gradually abstracts fluoride from its counterion. This putative dication is also significantly more active as a catalyst than its monocationic analog in alkyne hydroamination reactions.
Minimum wage increases and agricultural employment of locals and guest workers
Authors: Smith Dana J. , Ifft Jennifer , Kim Ejin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe estimate the impact of the minimum wage on US farm worker employment by exploiting state‐level variation in recent minimum wage increases. A $1.00 increase in the minimum wage decreases the likelihood of employment for an individual farm worker by around one percentage point, with the effect concentrated among native and naturalized US citizens. However, we find no evidence of a relationship between minimum wage and either the number of farm workers or guest workers. The difference between these results may be due to lower international migration to high minimum wage states. Citizenship and immigration status can influence the impact of labor market regulations on the farm workforce.
The right to dream: A cross‐sectional look at poverty alleviation programs
Authors: Daher Marianne , Tomicic Alemka , Rosati Antonia , Campero María José 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudies on social programs reveal the absence of a cross‐sectional perspective capable of identifying common aspects that improve the living conditions of their participants while also contributing to poverty alleviation. To detect such elements, we examined the transformations in the experiences and meanings associated with poverty and its alleviation by conducting semistructured interviews and focus groups with participants and intervention team members that implemented six social programs in Chile and Peru. We conducted a descriptive and relational analysis guided by Grounded Theory, which revealed three overarching elements: notions of poverty, notions of the overcoming of poverty, and changes necessary for overcoming poverty. Lastly, based on a complex view of poverty and considering the contributions of community psychology, we propose that interventions in this field must create meaningful relational spaces that restore participants' objective and subjective rights, such as the right to dream.
Tutorial Education Program at a dental school in Southern Brazil: A transforming experience
Authors: Tondolo Gabriela Cabral , Hartmann Camila Segatto , Klein Giovanna Leal , Souza Hanna Thayrine Mello , de Oliveira Jessica Carvalho , Tôrres Luísa Helena do Nascimento 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Tutorial Education Program (PET), regulated in 2005 by Law no. 11.180/2004, in addition to transforming higher education in Brazil, has been an essential component for the development of academic students, expanding the education perspective.AimsThis article aims to report the actions developed regarding these three pillars and the experience of undergraduate dentistry students, who are members of the Tutorial Education Program at the Federal University of Santa Maria.MethodsThrough teaching, research, and extension activities, which are the structuring pillars of Brazilian universities, PET enables the improvement of education and pedagogical projects in higher education courses.ResultsWith regard to teaching and the search for knowledge construction, the group has been conducting six projects focused on dental students, in the form of lectures and workshops, as well as innovated the teaching‐learning process through the preparation of video classes and the monitoring of freshmen students. Regarding the production of new knowledge through research, three projects focused on dental trauma, xerostomia, and the impact of COVID‐19 on the teaching of dental students. As an exchange between community and university, in the extension pillar, the group participates in three projects aimed at blood donation, divulgation of the university, and the elderly public. During the 2020 pandemic, the group made adaptations and created new actions.ConclusionTherefore, the activities planned and performed by the Tutorial Education Program have developed its members’ skills and contributed to improvements in the quality of Brazilian higher education.
How does brain structure and function on MRI differ in children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental coordination disorder, and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Authors: Kangarani‐Farahani Melika , Izadi‐Najafabadi Sara , Zwicker Jill G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to systematically review the neural similarities and differences in brain structure and function, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in children with neurodevelopmental disorders that commonly co‐occur to understand if and how they have shared neuronal characteristics.MethodUsing systematic review methodology, the following databases were comprehensively searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, and ProQuest from the earliest record up to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were (1) peer‐reviewed studies, case reports, or theses; (2) children under 18 years of age with at least one of the following neurodevelopmental disorders: autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention hyperactivity deficit disorder (ADHD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and their co‐occurrence; and (3) studies based on MRI modalities (i.e., structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging [DTI], and resting‐state fMRI). Thirty‐one studies that met the inclusion criteria were included for quality assessment by two independent reviewers using the Appraisal tool for Cross‐Sectional Studies (AXIS).ResultsStudies compared brain structure and function of children with DCD and ADHD (n = 6), DCD and ASD (n = 1), ASD and ADHD (n = 17), and various combinations of these co‐occurring conditions (n = 7). Structural neuroimaging (n = 15) was the most commonly reported modality, followed by resting‐state (n = 8), DTI (n = 5), and multimodalities (n = 3).InterpretationEvidence indicated that the neural correlates of the co‐occurring conditions were more widespread and distinct compared to a single diagnosis. The majority of findings (77%) suggested that each neurodevelopmental disorder had more distinct neural correlates than shared neural features, suggesting that each disorder is distinct despite commonly co‐occurring with each other. As the number of papers examining the co‐occurrence of ASD, DCD, and/or ADHD was limited and most findings were not corrected for multiple comparisons, these results must be interpreted with caution.
A case of disseminated intravascular coagulation of sepsis that caused extreme‐thrombocytopenia treated at a remote‐island‐hospital
Authors: Takeshita Kazuyoshi , Izumisato Tsuyotoshi , Takane Toru , Nishihara Kazuro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSepsis is a critical syndrome and DIC often develops in severe septicemia. However, cares for severe patients are limited in remote hospitals. In addition, bad weather often makes medical evacuation difficult in such areas. A 66‐year‐old man had urinary tract infection by Escherichia coli, followed by septic shock and DIC rapidly just 2 days after the onset. He recovered in 3 weeks without any massive bleeding. Immediate insertion of the central venous catheter to maintain stable hemodynamics and Gram‐staining for selecting antibiotics were considered essential techniques for the survival of sepsis patients even in remote hospitals.
On the mean subtree order of trees under edge contraction
Authors: Luo Zuwen , Xu Kexiang , Wagner Stephan , Wang Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor a tree , the mean subtree order of is the average order of a subtree of . In 1984, Jamison conjectured that the mean subtree order of decreases by at least 1/3 after contracting an edge in . In this article we prove this conjecture in the special case that the contracted edge is a pendant edge. From this result, we have a new proof of the established fact that the path has the minimum mean subtree order among all trees of order . Moreover, a sharp lower bound is derived for the difference between the mean subtree orders of a tree and a proper subtree (of ), which is also used to determine the tree with second‐smallest mean subtree order among all trees of order .
Molecularly imprinted voltammetric sensor sensibilized by nitrogen‐vacancy graphitized carbon nitride and Ag‐MWCNTs towards the detection of acetaminophen
Authors: Ren Shufang , Cheng Shounian , Wang Qingtao , Zheng Zhixiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe overdose of acetaminophen (AP) can cause serious acute liver injury even the irreversible liver necrosis. The quantitative detection of AP is of great significance not only for clinical applications but also for the quantity control of its pharmaceutical formulations. In this paper, a sensitive molecularly imprinted voltammetric sensor towards AP was constructed based on synergistic enhancement of nitrogen‐vacancy graphitized carbon nitride (NV‐g‐C3N4) and carboxylated MWCNTs loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag‐MWCNTs). The powder X‐Ray diffraction spectrum, field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopes, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectrum were used to characterize the composites. The results show that NV‐g‐C3N4 and Ag‐MWCNTs closely embedded each other, forming loose porous hybrid structure by hydrogen bond. The prepared sensor molecular imprinting polymer (MIP)/C3N4/Ag‐CNTs/GCE shows a strong synergistic enhancement of electroanalytical response by CV and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) tests when compared with NV‐g‐C3N4/GCE, Ag‐CNTs/GCE, and MIP/GCE. Through the optimization of the ratio of monomer and template, electropolymerization cycle, elution cycle, incubation time, and pH, linear ranges of 0.007‐5 and 5‐100 μM were found with the limit of detection of 2.33 nM by DPV. Moreover, its selectivity towards AP was satisfied when compared with detection towards ascorbic acid, dopamine, and glucose. The recovery range of 96.3%‐100.5% was obtained in the spiked human serum and urine samples with the SD below 3.0%. In addition, the prepared sensor shows great detecting robustness with good anti‐interference, reproducibility, and stability.
PreliminaryMRIStudy of Extracellular Volume Fraction for Identification of Lymphovascular Space Invasion of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Fan Xiaofei , Yang Jie , Wang Xuemei , Gu Yu , Chen Mingxin , Jiang Yueluan , Liu Lin , Zhang Mengchao 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is a risk factor for poor prognosis of cervical cancer. Preoperative identification of LVSI is very difficult.PurposeTo evaluate the potential of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction based on T1 mapping in preoperative identification of LVSI in cervical cancer compared with dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI).Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsA total of 79 patients (median age 54 years) with cervical cancer were classified into LVSI group (n = 29) and without LVSI group (n = 50) according to postoperative pathology.Field Strength/SequenceA 3‐T, noncontrast and contrast‐enhanced T1 mapping performed with volume interpolated breath hold examination (VIBE) sequence, DCE‐MRI applied with 3D T1‐weighted VIBE sequence.AssessmentRegions of interest along the medial edge of the lesion were drawn on slices depicting the maximum cross‐section of the tumor. The noncontrast and contrast‐enhanced T1 value of the tumor and arteries in the same slice were measured, and ECV was calculated from T1 values. The parametric maps (Ktrans,kep, andve) derived from DCE‐MRI standard Toft's model were evaluated.Statistical TestsECV,Ktrans,kep, andvebetween groups with and without LVSI were compared using Student'st‐test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and DeLong test were used to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of ECV,Ktrans,kep, andvefor differentiating LVSI.P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe ECV andKtransof the LVSI group were significantly higher than that of non‐LVSI group (52.86% vs. 36.77%, 0.239 vs. 0.176, respectively), and no significant differences inKeporvevalues were observed (P = 0.071 andP = 0.168, respectively). The ECV fraction showed significantly higher area under ROC curve thanKtransfor differentiating LVSI (0.874 vs. 0.655, respectively).Data ConclusionECV measurements based on T1 mapping might improve the discrimination between patients with and without LVSI in cervical cancer, showing better performance for this purpose than DCE‐MRI.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
SARS‐CoV‐2‐encoded inhibitors of human LINE‐1 retrotransposition
Authors: Li Yan , Yang Jiaxin , Shen Siyu , Wang Wei , Liu Nian , Guo Haoran , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is causing a devastating impact on public health worldwide. However, details concerning the profound impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 on host cells remain elusive. Here, we investigated the effects of SARS‐CoV‐2‐encoded viral proteins on the intracellular activity of long interspersed element 1 (L1) retrotransposons using well‐established reporter systems. Several nonstructural or accessory proteins (Nsps) of SARS‐CoV‐2 (i.e., Nsp1, Nsp3, Nsp5, and Nsp14) significantly suppress human L1 mobility, and these viral L1 inhibitors generate a complex network that modulates L1 transposition. Specifically, Nsp1 and Nsp14 inhibit the intracellular accumulation of L1 open reading frame proteins (ORF1p), whereas Nsp3, Nsp5, and Nsp14 repress the reverse transcriptase activity of L1 ORF2p. Given recent findings concerning the roles of L1 in antiviral immune activation and host genome instability, the anti‐L1 activities mediated by SARS‐CoV‐2‐encoded inhibitors suggest that SARS‐CoV‐2 employs different strategies to optimize the host genetic environment.
Frequency of different types of El Niño events under global warming
Authors: Alizadeh Omid , Qadimi Morteza , Zolghadrshojaee Mona , Irannejad Parviz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant natural climate pattern that influences the global climate on subdecadal timescales. Thus, a better understanding of the impacts of global warming on the characteristics of ENSO events offers large socioeconomic benefits. Changes in the frequency of the eastern Pacific (EP), central Pacific (CP) and total El Niño events are analysed in the future period (2051–2100) under the two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) scenarios (i.e., SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5) compared to the historical period (1951–2000) using outputs of eight models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Types of El Niño events are diagnosed based on pattern correlation coefficients (PCCs) between monthly sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and the first two leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of SST anomalies in the tropical Pacific. Based on the ensemble of models, the number of total El Niño events decreases by 26 and 16% under the SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios, respectively, in the future compared to the historical period. A smaller decrease in the number of total El Niño events under the faster warming rate of the SSP5‐8.5 scenario suggests that the response of ENSO dynamics to global warming is not linear. Analysis of the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, version 5 (ERSSTv5) dataset during the period 1951–2020 indicates that the ratio of the number of CP El Niño to EP El Niño has substantially increased over the past two decades. Nevertheless, under both the SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios in the future period, the ratio of the number of CP El Niño to EP El Niño does not change considerably compared to that in the historical period. This suggests that the recent increase in the frequency of CP El Niño could be a result of multidecadal variations rather than anthropogenic global warming.
Five decades of sarcoma care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Authors: Brennan Murray F. , Singer Samuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEarly studies of the management of soft tissue sarcoma at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were influenced by development of robust prospective long‐term databases. Increasing capacity for molecular diagnostics has identified a myriad of subtypes with definable natural history. Accurate identification of tissue‐specific risk of recurrence and disease‐specific survival have increasingly allowed selective use of surgery, radiation therapy, and target‐specific cytotoxic and immune therapies.
Twisted Light in a Single‐Crystal Fiber: Toward Undistorted Femtosecond Vortex Amplification
Authors: Zhao Yongguang , Zheng Changsheng , Huang Zixuan , Gao Qinggang , Dong Jifei , Tian Kangzhen , Yang Zhiyong , Chen Weidong , Petrov Valentin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntense femtosecond optical vortices with spatially structured amplitude and spiral phase front give rise to novel phenomena in light–matter interactions and strong‐field physics. However, current femtosecond vortex sources exhibit a poor power handling capability and amplification remains an open challenge due to a number of inherent technical difficulties. Here, it is demonstrated that a single‐crystal fiber laser amplifier is particularly well‐suited to directly amplify a femtosecond optical vortex without pulse stretching and compression in the time domain, while still maintaining the spatial properties associated with a clear central singularity and a spiral phase front, i.e., a well‐defined amount of orbital angular momentum (OAM).The optical nonlinearity experienced by such twisted light is verified to be substantially weaker compared to a fundamental mode beam where supercontinuum generation and spatial distortion are observed. The simple design and straightforward power scaling capability pave the way toward ultrahigh‐intensity femtosecond singular laser sources with an arbitrary topological charge. Such ultrafast OAM light sources are expected to help reveal complex physical phenomena in light–matter interactions and expand the applications to attoscience with X‐ray vortices, laser plasma acceleration, and micromachining.
High‐contrast visualization of human skin cancers with combined reflectance confocal and moxifloxacin‐based two‐photon microscopy: An ex vivo study
Authors: Park Won Yeong , Kim Bumju , Chun Ji Hyun , Hong Seung‐Mo , Oh Byung Ho , Kim Ki Hean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrecise determination of cancer margin during skin cancer surgery is crucial for complete resection and further clinical prognosis. Although reflection confocal microscopy (RCM) has been used for perioperative guiding, its reflection contrast has limitations in detecting cancer cells in the dermis. We previously developed combined reflection confocal (RC) and moxifloxacin‐based two‐photon (MB‐TP) microscopy for sensitive cancer detection by using multiple contrast mechanisms. In this study, the performance of combined microscopy was characterized in various skin cancer specimens and compared with standard methods.Materials and MethodsSeven human skin specimens in total including two normal ones, three basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), and two squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were collected and imaged in fresh condition. Moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution was topically instilled for cell labeling for 3–5 minutes, then mosaic imaging with the combined microscopy was conducted. The imaged specimens were imaged again after exogenous nuclear labeling for comparison and then processed for standard hematoxylin and eosin histology.ResultsCombined RC and MB‐TP microscopy visualized both cell and extracellular matrix structures of the skin specimens with multiple contrasts of reflection, moxifloxacin fluorescence, autofluorescence, and second harmonic generation. It distinguished normal cell structures in the skin dermis such as hair follicles, sebaceous and eccrine glands from BCC nests, and SCCs based on cell organization. Normal cell structures had organized cell arrangements for their functions, while cancer cell structures had dense and disorganized cell arrangements. Cellular features found by combined microscopy images were confirmed by both TP microscopy with nuclear labeling and histological examination.ConclusionsThe imaging results showed the potential of combined microscopy for sensitive cancer detection and in vivo guiding of skin cancer surgery.
Poly(ε‐Caprolactone) Substrates with Micro/Nanohierarchical Patterned Structures for Cell Culture
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jiang Ni , Gan Zhihua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA simple, efficient and controllable one‐step template method is proposed to fabricate poly(ε‐caprolactone) substrates with micro/nanohierarchical patterned structures. Two kinds of geometric patterns with and without nanowires, i.e., hexagonal and strip with controllable island size and spacing are designed and fabricated. Furthermore, the influence of geometric patterns, island size, island spacing, and patterned nanowires (pNW) on the growth behavior of MG‐63 cells is studied in terms of cell density, distribution, proliferation, morphogenesis, and cellular alignment. It is found that MG‐63 cells prefer to adhere and grow on the substrate with smaller island size or spacing. Moreover, unlike the hexagonal structure, the strip structure can guide cellular alignment on its surface. In addition, the microisland structures and the pNW play different roles in promoting cell proliferation, distribution, and morphogenesis. It is concluded that the growth behavior of MG‐63 cells can be well controlled by precisely adjusting the micro/nanostructure of the substrate surface. A simple and effective method is provided here for the regulation of cell growth behavior.