bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of prediction model of low anterior resection syndrome for colorectal cancer patients after surgery based on machine‐learning technique
Authors: Huang Ming Jun , Ye Lin , Yu Ke Xin , Liu Jing , Li Ka , Wang Xiao Dong , Li Ji Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLow anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a common postoperative complication in patients with colorectal cancer, which seriously affects their postoperative quality of life. At present, the aetiology of LARS is still unclear, but some risk factors have been studied. Accurate prediction and early management of medical intervention are keys to improving the quality of life of such high‐risk patients.ObjectivesBased on machine‐learning methods, this study used the follow‐up results of postoperative patients with colorectal cancer to develop prediction models for LARS and conducted a comparative analysis between the different models.MethodsA total of 382 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and undergoing surgery at West China Hospital from April 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively selected as the development cohort. Logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest and artificial neural network algorithms were used to construct the prediction models of the obtained dataset. The models were internally validated using cross‐validation. The area under the curve and Brier score measures were used to evaluate and compare the differentiation and calibration degrees of the models. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the different models were described for clinical use.ResultsA total of 342 patients were included, the incidence of LARS being 47.4% (162/342) during the six‐month follow‐up. After feature selection, the factors influencing the occurrence of LARS were found to be location, distance, diverting stoma, exsufflation and surgical type. The prediction models based on five machine‐learning methods all showed acceptable performance.ConclusionsThe five models developed based on the machine‐learning methods showed good prediction performance. However, considering the simplicity of clinical use of the model results, the logistic regression model is most recommended. The clinical applicability of these models will also need to be evaluated with external cohort data.
Inferring one's own attitude toward an unknown attribute: The moderating role of complexity in juice tasting
Authors: Alcser‐Isais Alexa N. , Smith Leigh K. , Eastwick Paul W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examined how people learn about their own summarized attribute preferences: their overall evaluative summaries of an attribute (e.g., one's liking for “sweetness” or “crispness”). Participants tasted and evaluated 14 juices varying on (a) an unknown attribute “Barinium” (low‐complexity condition), or (b) both Barinium and a second, unrelated attribute (high‐complexity condition). Participants then reported their summarized preference for Barinium as the dependent variable. Results revealed that participants' functional attribute preferences—that is, the extent to which they actually liked the high versus low Barinium juices—predicted their summarized preference for Barinium. This functional‐summarized preference association was stronger when the juices varied on Barinium alone rather than two attributes; that is, complexity caused participants to weigh their actual experiences of liking less when forming summarized preferences. Furthermore, functional and summarized preferences independently and simultaneously predicted participants' choice of juices to take home—especially when each juice sample was labeled with its Barinium content. Implications for attitudes and consumer research are discussed.
Antegrade dissection and re‐entry versus parallel wiring in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the PROGRESS‐CTO registry
Authors: Simsek Bahadir , Kostantinis Spyridon , Karacsonyi Judit , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jaffer Farouc A. , Doshi Darshan , Gorgulu Sevket , Goktekin Omer , Kerrigan Jimmy , Haddad Elias , Rinfret Stephane , Jaber Wissam A. , Nicholson William , Abi Rafeh Nidal , Allana Salman , Koutouzis Michalis , Tsiafoutis Yiannis , Brilakis Emmanouil S. ,   PROGRESS‐CTO Investigators
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe comparative efficacy and safety of parallel wiring versus antegrade dissection and re‐entry (ADR) in chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial.MethodsWe compared the clinical and angiographic characteristics and outcomes of parallel wiring versus ADR after failed antegrade wiring in a large, multicenter CTO PCI registry.ResultsA total of 1725 CTO PCI procedures with failed antegrade wiring with a single wire were approached with parallel wiring (692) or ADR (1033) at the discretion of the operator. ADR patients were older (65 ± 10 vs. 62 ± 10, years, p < 0.001) and had higher prevalence of comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus (43% vs. 32%, p < 0.001), prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (31% vs. 19%, p < 0.001), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (50 ± 14 vs. 53 ± 11%, p < 0.001). The ADR group had higher J‐CTO (2.8 ± 1.1 vs. 2.1 ± 1.3, p < 0.001) and PROGRESS‐CTO (1.6 ± 1.1 vs. 1.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.001) scores. Equipment use including guidewires, balloons, and microcatheters was higher, and the procedures lasted longer in the ADR group. Technical success (78% vs. 75%, p = 0.046) and major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of all‐cause mortality, stroke, acute myocardial infarction, emergency surgery or re‐PCI, and pericardiocentesis) (3.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.029) were higher in the ADR group, with similar procedural success (75% vs. 73%, p = 0.166).ConclusionIn lesions that could not be crossed with antegrade wiring, ADR was associated with higher technical but not procedural success, and also higher MACE compared with parallel wiring.
Early coronary angiography in patients after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest without ST‐segment elevation: Meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Freund Anne , van Royen Niels , Kern Karl B. , Jobs Alexander , Thiele Holger , Lemkes Jorrit S. , Desch Steffen ,   TOMAHAWK, PEARL, and COACT investigators
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare early coronary angiography to a delayed or selective approach in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without ST‐segment elevation of possible cardiac cause by means of meta‐analysis of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsWe searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for RCTs comparing early with delayed or selective coronary angiography in OHCA patients of possible cardiac origin without ST‐segment elevation. The primary endpoint was all‐cause short‐term mortality (PROSPERO CRD42021271484).ResultsThe search strategy identified three RCTs enrolling a total of 1167 patients. An early invasive approach was not associated with improved short‐term mortality (odds ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 0.94–1.52; p = 0.15). Further, no significant differences were shown with respect to the risk of severe neurological deficit, the composite of all‐cause mortality or severe neurological deficit, need for renal replacement therapy due to acute renal failure, and significant bleeding at short‐term follow‐up.ConclusionEarly coronary angiography in OHCA without ST‐segment elevation is not superior compared to a delayed/selective approach.
Well‐Defined Ni(0) and Ni(II) Complexes of Bicyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene (MeBICAAC): Catalytic Activity and Mechanistic Insights in Negishi Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Authors: Thakur Sandeep Kumar , Kaur Mandeep , Manar Krishna Kumar , Adhikari Manu , Choudhury Angshuman Roy , Singh Sanjay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNegishi cross‐coupling reaction of organozinc compounds as nucleophiles with aryl halides has drawn immense focus for C−C bond formation reactions. In comparison to the well‐established library of Pd complexes, the C−C cross‐coupling of this particular approach is largely primitive with nickel‐complexes. Herein, we describe the syntheses of Ni(II) complexes, [(MeBICAAC)2NiX2] (X=Cl (1), Br (2), and I (3)) by employing the bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (MeBICAAC) ligand. The reduction of complexes 1–3 using KC8 afforded the two coordinate low valent, Ni(0) complex, [(MeBICAAC)2Ni(0)] (4). Complexes 1–4 have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques and their solid‐state structures were also confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. Furthermore, complexes 1–4 have been applied in a direct and convenient method to catalyze the Negishi cross‐coupling reaction of various aryl halides with 2,6‐difluorophenylzinc bromide or phenylzinc bromide as the coupling partner in the presence of 3 mol % catalyst. Comparatively, among all‐pristine complexes, 1 exhibit high catalytic potential to afford value‐added C−C coupled products without the use of any additive. The UV‐vis studies and HRMS measurements of controlled stochiometric reactions vindicate the involvement of Ni(I)−NI(III) cycle featured with a penta‐coordinated Ni(III)‐aryl species as the key intermediate for 1 whereas Ni(0)/Ni(II) species are potentially involved in the catalytic cycle of 4.
A Logic Gate Based on a Flexible Metal–Organic Framework (JUK‐8) for the Concomitant Detection of Hydrogen and Oxygen
Authors: Roztocki Kornel , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Matoga Dariusz , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe present an autonomous, chemical logic gate based on a switchable metal–organic framework (MOF) composite, containing carbon nanoparticles and a Pt catalyst. The switchable MOF composite performs as AND logic gate. Hydrogen and oxygen gas streams serve as binary inputs. Catalytically formed water induces a structural transition (crystal volume expansion) of the MOF, and as a consequence, a detectable drop in conductance of the composite as a ‘true’ output only if both gases come in contact with the composite.
An analytical and numerical approach to the determination of thermal necrosis in cortical bone drilling
Authors: Aydın Kutay , Ökten Korhan , Uğur Levent 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the process of repairing fractures in the bone region with orthopedic injuries, the application of supporting and strengthening the bone tissue with screws, wires, rods, and plates is a widely preferred internal fixation method. In this treatment process, it is necessary to drill the bone tissue to fix the screws. Due to the heat generated in the drilling process, mechanical and thermal damage occurs in the bone tissue. In this study, it is focused that the effect of different cutting conditions on the temperature distribution and necrosis zones in the drilling of human cortical bone. In this context, by selecting variable drill geometry (diameter, point angle, and helix angle) and variable cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate), temperature distribution and necrosis zones were investigated with finite element analyses and analytical calculations. When the findings were evaluated, it was understood that drill diameter and cutting speed did not have a significant effect on temperatures and necrosis zone at low cutting speeds. At high cutting speeds, it was observed that the feed rate and drill point angle had an indeterminate effect on the temperatures. The lowest temperature values were obtained at cutting speed of 750 rpm and a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev for low cutting speeds, and cutting speed of 1500 rpm, helix angle of 10° and drill bit diameter of 2 mm for high cutting speeds. The narrowest necrosis zones were obtained at cutting speed of 250 rpm and feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev for both drill diameters. As a result, the effects of different drill geometry and cutting parameters were determined in order to obtain low temperature distribution and narrow necrosis zone in cortical bone drilling.
Self‐improved moth flame for optimal container resource allocation in cloud
Authors: Netaji Vhatkar Kapil , Bhole Girish P. 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYResource allocation in the cloud is becoming more complicated and challenging due to the rising necessities of cloud services. Effective management of virtual resources in the cloud is of large significance since it has a great impact on both the operational cost and scalability of the cloud environment. Nowadays, containers are becoming more popular in this regard due to their characteristics like reduced overhead and portability. Conventional resource allocation schemes are usually modeled for the migration and allocation of virtual machines (VM), as a result; the question may arise on, “how these strategies can be adapted for the management of a containerized cloud”. This work evolves the solution to this issue by introducing a new fitness oriented moth flame algorithm (F‐MFA) for optimizing the allocation of containers. Further in this work, the optimal allocation relies on certain constraints like balanced cluster use, system failure, total network distance (TND), security and threshold distance, and credibility factor as well. In the end, the supremacy of the presented model is computed to the conventional models in terms of cost and convergence analysis.
The emotional landscape of curriculum making
Authors: Anttila Henrika , Tikkanen Lotta , Soini Tiina , Pietarinen Janne , Pyhältö Kirsi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur aim with this study was to gain a better understanding of the emotional landscape of curriculum making by exploring the variety of emotions embedded in shared sense‐making about the national curriculum reform implementation at the district level. Focus group interview data were collected from 12 curriculum reform steering groups around Finland, that were responsible for orchestrating curriculum reform work at the district level. The data were qualitatively content analysed. The results showed that the local steering group members experienced a wide range of emotions in shared sense‐making. Positive emotions were described slightly more often than negative emotions. The emotional landscape of the sense‐making strategies applied in curriculum reform work varied depending on the strategy applied.
Two‐way chemotaxis‐based communication for biological nanonetworks
Authors: Grammenos Theodoros , Kantelis Konstantinos , Nicopolitidis Petros , Papadimitriou Georgios 
Published: July 2022

SummaryChemotaxis has been studied as a means to improve communication performance in the promising field of biological nanonetworks. However, as of today, no protocols for reliable two‐way communications have been proposed in such networks. This work proposes a new protocol for switching between different chemotactic substances as a novel scheme to improve reliability of two‐way communications in biological nanonetworks. Multiple simulations, involving message exchange between stations and chemotactic release, were performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed strategies and achieve a deeper understanding of the behaviour of molecular communication nanonetworks. Furthermore, a novel message sending strategy utilising chemorepellent is presented, which does not involve the release of new molecules into the medium. Simulating chemotactic substance as individual molecules allowed for a more accurate modelling of the system in the boundaries of the chemotactic interface, bringing out the wave‐like behaviour of the latter. The results of the experiments indicate the effectiveness of the proposed controlled release strategy in improving message transmission quality. Furthermore, based on the findings of this work, we propose amendments of existing protocols that incorporate switching between chemotactic substances.
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies of indole‐tethered pyrazoline derivatives as anticancer agents targeting topoisomerase IIα
Authors: Haider Kashif , Sharma Shivani , Pokharel Yuba Raj , Das Subham , Joseph Alex , Najmi Abul Kalam , Ahmad Faiz , Yar Mohammad Shahar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe herein report a new series of indole‐tethered pyrazoline derivatives as potent anticancer agents. A total of 12 compounds were designed and synthesized by conventional as well as microwave‐irradiated synthesis methods. The latter method results in a significant reduction in the duration of reaction along with improved yields. All synthesized derivatives (7a−7l) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against A431, HeLa, and MDAMB‐231 cell lines. Compounds 7a and 7b were found most potent in the series and demonstrated an IC50 value of 3.17 and 5.16 µM against the A431 cell line, respectively, compared to the standard drug doxorubicin. Compounds 7a and 7b significantly suppress colony formation, migration, and S phase cell cycle arrest of A431 cells. Furthermore, compound 7a regulated the expression of apoptotic proteins causing the downregulation of procaspase 3/9, antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐xL, and upregulation of proapoptotic protein Bax in a dose‐dependent manner. Topoisomerase enzyme inhibition assay confirmed that compounds 7a and 7b can significantly inhibit topoisomerase IIα. In vivo oral acute toxicity of compounds 7a and 7b revealed that both compounds are safe compared to doxorubicin; cardiomyopathy studies showed normal architecture of cardiomyocytes and myofibrils. In addition, molecular docking studies revealed the possible interaction of compounds 7a and 7b within the active binding site of the topoisomerase enzyme. The 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation of compounds 7a and 7b proved that both compounds validate all screening parameters.
Building a bridge from solid wastes to solar fuels and chemicals via artificial photosynthesis
Authors: Du Mengmeng , Xing Mengyuan , Kang Sailei , Ma Yingxin , Qiu Bocheng , Chai Yang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotoreforming (PR) is a process that splits water into hydrogen coupled with oxidation of solid waste into value‐added products, which provides a way to mitigate resource depletion of solid waste and accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. The realization of solid waste PR by harnessing the redox capabilities of photocatalyst is crucial to address the environmental pollution issue and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. In this review, we overview the continuous progress from the latest studies in constructing the PR system for upgrading of solid waste. We classify the different kinds of solid wastes and illustrate the PR mechanism. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages for cooperatively coupling of hydrogen production with solid waste valorization. We also highlight some state‐of‐the‐art photocatalysts for valorization of biomass, plastics, and food wastes. Finally, we focus on the development of high‐performance catalysts needed in the PR domain to tackle the future challenges.image
A general Lagrangian tracking methodology for riverine flow and transport
Authors: Nelson Jonathan , Shimizu Yasuyuki , Kyuka Tomoko , Charlton Scott 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article presents a new public domain tool for generalized Lagrangian particle tracking in rivers. The approach can be applied with a variety of two‐ and three‐dimensional flow solvers. Particle advection by the flow is incorporated using flow fields from the chosen solver assuming particles follow the Reynolds‐averaged flow, although some other simple passive and active particle behaviors are also treated. Turbulence effects are treated using a random walk algorithm with spatial step lengths randomly chosen from Gaussian distributions characterized by the diffusivity from the flow solver. Our work extends this concept to a general framework that is solver and coordinate system independent to allow easy comparisons between differing flow treatments. To better treat problems where detailed information is required in specific regions, the approach includes novel cloning and colligation algorithms which enhance local resolution at modest computational expense. We also provide tools for computing local concentrations and total exposure over a user‐specified time interval. Several examples of predictions are provided to illustrate applications of the technique, including examination of the role of curvature‐driven secondary flows, storage in lateral separation eddies, treatment of larval drift, treatment of fuel spill dispersion, river‐floodplain connections, and sedimentation in floodplain ponds by tie channel connections. We also demonstrate that the model can reproduce analytically derived concentration profiles for simple diffusivities. These examples show that the Lagrangian particle tracking approach and the extensions proposed here are broadly applicable and viable for treating difficult river problems with multiple temporal and spatial scales. The examples also illustrate the utility of the cloning/colligation extensions and show how these can decrease the computational effort required on problems where high local resolution is required. Enhancement of the tools and even broader applicability can be achieved through the inclusion of multiple particle populations and particle–particle interactions.
Rupture of liver metastasis in high‐volume metastatic prostate cancer patient on androgen deprivation therapy combined with upfront docetaxel chemotherapy
Authors: Hata Kenichi , Tanaka Masatoshi , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Kimura Takahiro 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionRecent studies have indicated an improvement in the survival rate of patients using docetaxel in addition to androgen deprivation therapy for high‐volume metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer. Hepatorrhexis, characterized by the rupture of the liver, is a rare complication associated with chemotherapies. We report a case of hepatic metastases rupture during androgen deprivation therapy combined with upfront docetaxel chemotherapy.Case presentationA 77‐year‐old man diagnosed with high‐volume metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer received an upfront docetaxel treatment combined with androgen deprivation therapy. Hepatic metastases rupture with substantial hemoperitoneum occurred on the 14th day of the fifth cycle of docetaxel chemotherapy. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed; however, despite receiving optimal supportive care, the patient died.ConclusionThe addition of upfront docetaxel to androgen deprivation therapy may be effective in patients with high‐volume metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer; however, strict observation is required to monitor for the occurrence of rare complications, including hepatorrhexis.
Enrollment and outcomes of home visiting for mothers with and without a history of out‐of‐home care
Authors: Nause Katie , Ammerman Robert T. , Folger Alonzo T. , Hall Eric S. , Greiner Mary V. , Beal Sarah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWomen previously in out‐of‐home care (i.e., foster care) experience poorer health and psychosocial outcomes compared to peers, including higher pregnancy rates and child protective services involvement. Home visiting programs could mitigate risks. Studies examining home visiting enrollment for women with a history of out‐of‐home care are needed. Women previously in out‐of‐home care based on child welfare administrative data between 2012 and 2017 (n = 1375) were compared to a demographically matched sample (n = 1375) never in out‐of‐home care. Vital records data identified live births in the two groups. For those who had given live birth (n = 372), linked administrative data were used to determine and compare rates of referral and enrollment into home visiting, and two indicators of engagement: number of days enrolled, and number of visits received. Women previously in out‐of‐home care were referred for home visiting more often than their peers. There were no differences in rates of enrollment. Women previously in out‐of‐home care remained enrolled for shorter durations and completed fewer home visits than peers. Findings suggest barriers to home visiting enrollment and retention in home visiting programs for women previously in out‐of‐home care. Studies with larger samples and more complete assessments of outcomes are warranted.