bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between land use, habitat quality, physicochemical water quality and fish communities in the Sironko River Catchment, a mountainous tropical stream flowing into the Lake Kyoga in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Turyahabwe Remigio , Mulinya Caroline , Shivoga William Aino 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the relationships between land use, habitat quality, physicochemical water quality and fish assemblage in the Sironko River catchment, a tropical mountain stream flowing into the Lake Kyoga asin in Eastern Uganda. The study was carried out at different land use sampling sites (natural forest, pastureland, plantation forest, mixed agriculture, banana plantation, urban and sugarcane plantation) for 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. The habitat quality score (HQS) ranged between 49% in the urban area and 75% in the natural forest. There was a general increase in the temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity and nitrate concentration in the Sironko River as it flowed from upstream to downstream from the natural forest to the sugarcane plantation. Conversely, there was a reduced dissolved oxygen concentration and water transparency as the river traversed the different land uses downstream. A total of 765 fish individuals belonging to 9 fish species (Amphilius jacksonii, Amphilius uranoscopus, Barbus altianalis, Labeo victorianus, Clarias leocephalus, Clarias carsonii, Cyprinus carpio, Barbus palludinosus and Barbus jacksonii) were captured using an electrofishing gear. Fish identification was based on external morphological characteristics. Amphilius uranoscopus and Barbus altianalis were only caught in the natural forest and pastureland at a high altitude characterized by low temperature and high dissolved oxygen concentration. The fish species belonged to 3 trophic feeding groups dominated by the insectivorous fish. Pearson correlation coefficients showed a weak negative relationship (r = −0.249) between fish community and habitat quality, while fish assemblage and physicochemical water quality unveiled a weak positive relationship (r = 0.176). The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.695) indicated 69.5% of the fish community variability was accounted for by the physicochemical water quality variables in Sironko River System. Accordingly, it was concluded that physicochemical water quality attributes are the most important factors determining the distribution of fish species with land use in the Sironko River catchment, a tropical mountain stream. The Sironko River catchment is hydraulically and biologically connected to Lake Kyoga through a series of satellite lakes and swamps. The river is spawning area for Clarias leocephalus, Clarias carsonii and Amphilius lujani fish species of the lake.
The Palestinian Refugees in Light of the 2020 Abraham Accords
Authors: Goldstein Rami 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince 1948, attempts have been made to solve the Palestinian refugee problem. All have failed. Complex international and regional constraints complicate the issue, as do internal political constraints on both Israeli and Palestinian sides. In light of the positive changes in the broader Israeli‐Arab conflict—the signing of the Abraham agreements in 2020 by the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, and the subsequent normalization agreements with Sudan and Morocco—the purpose of this article is to address this question: Is there any possibility of arriving at a lasting resolution to the Palestinian refugee problem? The main argument is that although the Abraham Accords do not directly address the Palestinian refugee problem or intend to resolve the Israeli‐Palestinian conflict, these accords will produce, in the long run, a new political vision of the Middle East and may contribute to a solution to this complex issue.
Sympatric genetic divergence between early‐ and late‐season weedy rice populations
Authors: Wang Zhi , Cai Xingxing , Jiang Xiao‐Qi , Xia Qi‐Yu , Li Lin‐Feng , Lu Bao‐Rong 
Published: May 2022

Summary

Sympatric genetic divergence is the most appealing and controversial pattern in the theory of ecological speciation. Examples that support sympatric genetic divergence in plant species are extremely rare. Solid evidence of sympatric genetic divergence will provide deep insights for revealing the underlying mechanisms of ecological speciation.

We analysed the total genomic DNA sequences of 120 weedy rice (WR; Oryza sativa f. spontanea) plants, representing three WR population pairs separately from three early‐ and late‐season rice fields, in comparison with those of the co‐occurring rice cultivars and other rice materials.

We detected substantial genetic divergence within the pairs of the sympatric early‐ and late‐season WR populations, although genetic divergence was unevenly distributed across the genomes. Restricted gene flow was determined between the sympatric WR populations, resulting in their distinct genetic structures. We also detected relatively low genetic diversity that was likely to be associated with stronger selection in early‐season WR populations.

Our findings provide strong evidence for sympatric genetic divergence between the WR populations in the same fields but in different seasons. We conclude that temporal isolation plays an important role in creating genetic divergence between sympatric populations/species in plants.
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Utility of high‐resolution dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI
Authors: Yu Qiuyu , Zhu Yueqian , Huang Renjun , Li Yan , Song Linyi , Zhang Xiaoping , Tang Mengxiao , Gu Qinghua , Li Ping , Zhou Naihui , Li Yonggang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a kind of low‐grade malignant spindle cell neoplasm, the diagnosis, and treatment, which have markedly attracted clinicians’ attention for its repeated recurrence. High‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR‐MRI) has shown unique capabilities in diagnosis of various cutaneous tumors.Materials and methodsData of 29 patients with clinically suspected DFSPs and undergoing dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) HR‐MRI preoperatively were prospectively collected. The HR‐MRI qualitative features were evaluated and compared. The DCE‐associated quantitative parameters and the time‐signal intensity curve (TIC) types were provided using DCE sequences.ResultsA total of 7 DFSPs, nine dermatofibromas (DF, including four cases of cellular variant [CDF]), 12 keloids, and one nodular fasciitis were enrolled. DFSP showed the largest major diameter and the deepest depth. Five DFSPs (71.4%) showed ill‐defined margins as well as infiltration of peripheral adipose. All DFSPs showed irregular shape. Most DFSPs presented hyperintensity on T2WI (71.4%) and iso‐intensity on T1WI (85.7%). Six cases (85.7%) had significant enhancement, and six cases (85.7%) had homogeneous enhancement. There were significant differences of Ktrans, Kep, Ve and iAUC values among DFSPs, DFs, and keloids, and DFSP had the highest values for these parameters. Six DFSPs (85.7%) and four CDFs (100%) showed type‐III TICs, while the other lesions showed type‐Ⅰor type‐Ⅱ TICs.ConclusionsDCE‐HR‐MRI could show the growth characteristics of DFSPs, which was of great value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of DFSPs and was helpful for the determination of treatment options, thereby to improve the prognosis of patients.
Returning to the emergency department: a retrospective analysis of mental health re-presentations among young people in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Cullen Patricia , Leong Robert Neil , Liu Bette , Walker Natasha , Steinbeck Katharine , Ivers Rebecca , Dinh Michael 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe mental health emergency department (ED) presentations among young people aged 8–26 years in New South Wales, Australia, and to identify key characteristics associated with higher risk of ED mental health re-presentation.Design, setting and participantsRetrospective analysis of linked ED data records for mental health presentations between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2018.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome was the total number of mental health ED re-presentations within 1 year, following initial presentation. Count regression models were fitted to estimate factors associated with higher likelihood of re-presentations.ResultsForty thousand two hundred and ninety patients were included in the analyses, and 9713 (~25%) re-presented during the following year; 1831 (20%) presented at least three times. On average, patients re-presented 0.61 times per 365 person-days, with average time until first re-presentation of ~92 days but greatest risk of re-presentation within first 30–60 days. Young people with self-harm or suicidal diagnoses at initial presentation were more likely to re-present. Re-presentations were highest among young people <15 years (IRR 1.18 vs ≥20 years old), female (IRR=1.13 vs male), young people residing outside of major cities (IRR 1.08 vs major cities) and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people (IRR 1.27 vs non-Indigenous).ConclusionsED mental health re-presentation is high among young people. We demonstrate factors associated with re-presentation that EDs could target for timely, high-quality care that is youth friendly and culturally safe, with appropriate referral pathways into community-based primary and mental healthcare services.
Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in kidney transplant recipients in Jakarta, Indonesia: a cohort study
Authors: Marbun Maruhum Bonar H , Susalit Endang , Susilowati Utami , Andina Tantika 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the long-term survival rates and prognostic factors in kidney transplant (KT) recipients in Jakarta, Indonesia.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA KT centre in Jakarta.ParticipantsWe enrolled 754 consecutive adult recipients who underwent KT between 2010 and 2020.Main outcome measuresRates of 10-year patient, all-cause and death-censored graft survival and their prognostic factors in KT recipients.ResultsThe 10-year patient survival, all-cause survival and death-censored graft survival rates of KT recipients were 74%, 68% and 81%, respectively. The prognostic factors for poor patient survival were a pretransplant dialysis duration>24 months (HR 1.64, 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.49; p=0.02), cardiovascular disease (HR 1.59, 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.31; p=0.01), delayed graft function (DGF) (HR 4.94, 95% CI, 2.76 to 8.82; p<0.001), post-transplant infection (HR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.56 to 4.43; p<0.001) and acute rejection (HR 2.49, 95% CI, 1.20 to 5.15; p=0.01). All-cause graft survival was prognosticated by a pretransplant dialysis duration>24 months (HR 1.74, 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.47; p=0.007), cardiovascular disease (HR 1.65, 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.33; p=0.004), DGF (HR 5.39, 95% CI, 3.13 to 9.28; p<0.001), post-transplant infection (HR 2.46, 95% CI, 1.05 to 4.02; p<0.001) and acute rejection (HR 4.18, 95% CI, 2.23 to 7.84; p<0.001). Factors associated with poor death-censored graft survival were a pretransplant dialysis duration >24 months (HR 2.19, 95% CI, 1.32 to 3.63; p=0.002), cardiovascular disease (HR 1.65, 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.68; p=0.04) and acute rejection (HR 5.52, 95% CI, 2.80 to 10.83; p<0.001).ConclusionsThe survival rates of KT recipients are prognosticated by pretransplant dialysis duration, cardiovascular disease, DGF, post-transplant infection and acute rejection. Stricter eligibility criteria for recipients, more sensitive cross-match testing methods and better infection management strategies may be beneficial for improving the survival rates.
Patient characteristics, short-term and long-term outcomes after incident heart failure admissions in a regional Australian setting
Authors: Al-Omary Mohammed S , Majeed Tazeen , Al-Khalil Hafssa , Sugito Stuart , Clapham Mathew , Ngo Doan T M , Attia John R , Boyle Andrew J , Sverdlov Aaron L 
Published: May 2022

AimsThis study aims to (1) define the characteristics of patients with a first admission for heart failure (HF), stratified by type (reduced (HFrEF) vs preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction) in a regional Australian setting; (2) compare the outcomes in terms of mortality and rehospitalisation and (3) assess adherence to the treatment guidelines.MethodsWe identified all index hospitalisations with HF to John Hunter Hospital and Tamworth Rural Referral Hospital in the Hunter New England Local Health District over a 12 months. We used the recent Australian HF guidelines to classify HFrEF and HFpEF and assess adherence to guideline-directed therapy. The primary outcome of the study was to compare short-term (1 year) and long-term all-cause mortality and the composite of all-cause hospitalisation or all-cause mortality of patients with HFrEF and HFpEF.ResultsThere were 664 patients who had an index HF admission to John Hunter and Tamworth hospitals in 2014. The median age was 80 years, 47% were female and 22 (3%) were Aboriginal. In terms of HF type, 29% had HFrEF, 37% had HFpEF, while the remainder (34%) did not have an echocardiogram within 1 year of admission and could not be classified. The median follow-up was 3.3 years. HFrEF patients were predominantly male (64%) and in 48% the aetiology was ischaemic heart disease. The 1-year all-cause mortality was 23% in HFpEF subgroup and 29% in HFrEF subgroup (p=0.15). Five-year mortality was 61% in HFpEF and HFrEF patients. Of the HFrEF patients, only 61% were on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers, 74% were on β-blockers and 39% were on aldosterone antagonist.ConclusionHF patients are elderly and about evenly split between HFrEF and HFpEF. In this regional cohort, both HF types are associated with similar 1-year and 5-year mortality following incident HF hospitalisation. Echocardiography and guideline-directed therapies were underused.
Hepatocyte growth factor is associated with greater risk of extracoronary calcification: results from the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis
Authors: Ogunmoroti Oluseye , Osibogun Olatokunbo , Ferraro Richard A , Ndunda Paul M , Larson Nicholas B , Decker Paul A , Bielinski Suzette J , Blumenthal Roger S , Budoff Matthew J , Michos Erin D 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a biomarker with potential for use in the diagnosis, treatment and prognostication of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated HGF is associated with calcification in the coronary arteries. However, knowledge is limited on the role HGF may play in extracoronary calcification (ECC). This study examined whether HGF is associated with ECC in the aortic valve (AVC), mitral annulus (MAC), ascending thoracic aorta and descending thoracic aortic (DTAC).MethodsAt baseline, adults aged 45–84 years, free of CVD, in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis had HGF and ECC measured by ELISA and cardiac CT scan, respectively. ECC measurements were repeated after an average of 2.4 years of follow-up. Prevalent ECC was defined as Agatston score >0 at baseline. Incident ECC was defined as Agatston score >0 at follow-up among participants with Agatston score=0 at baseline. We used Poisson and linear mixed-effects regression models to estimate the association between HGF and ECC, adjusted for sociodemographic and CVD risk factors.ResultsOf 6648 participants, 53% were women. Mean (SD) age was 62 (10) years. Median (IQR) of HGF was 905 (757-1087) pg/mL. After adjustment for CVD risk factors, the highest HGF levels (tertile 3) were associated with greater prevalence and extent of AVC, MAC and DTAC at baseline compared with the lowest tertile (tertile 1). Additionally, the risk of incident AVC and MAC increased by 62% and 45%, respectively, in demographic-adjusted models. However, the associations were not statistically significant in fully adjusted models. The highest HGF levels were also associated with 10% and 13% increase in MAC and DTAC progression, respectively, even after adjustment for CVD risk factors.ConclusionHigher HGF levels were significantly associated with a greater risk of calcification at some extracoronary sites, suggesting an alternate biological pathway that could be targeted to reduce CVD risk.
Predicting outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis using machine learning: the Aortic Stenosis Risk (ASteRisk) score
Authors: Namasivayam Mayooran , Myers Paul D , Guttag John V , Capoulade Romain , Pibarot Philippe , Picard Michael H , Hung Judy , Stultz Collin M 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo use echocardiographic and clinical features to develop an explainable clinical risk prediction model in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), including those with low-gradient AS (LGAS), using machine learning (ML).MethodsIn 1130 patients with moderate or severe AS, we used bootstrap lasso regression (BLR), an ML method, to identify echocardiographic and clinical features important for predicting the combined outcome of all-cause mortality or aortic valve replacement (AVR) within 5 years after the initial echocardiogram. A separate hold out set, from a different centre (n=540), was used to test the generality of the model. We also evaluated model performance with respect to each outcome separately and in different subgroups, including patients with LGAS.ResultsOut of 69 available variables, 26 features were identified as predictive by BLR and expert knowledge was used to further reduce this set to 9 easily available and input features without loss of efficacy. A ridge logistic regression model constructed using these features had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.74 for the combined outcome of mortality/AVR. The model reliably identified patients at high risk of death in years 2–5 (HRs ≥2.0, upper vs other quartiles, for years 2–5, p<0.05, p=not significant in year 1) and was also predictive in the cohort with LGAS (n=383, HRs≥3.3, p<0.05). The model performed similarly well in the independent hold out set (AUC 0.78, HR ≥2.5 in years 1–5, p<0.05).ConclusionIn two separate longitudinal databases, ML identified prognostic features and produced an algorithm that predicts outcome for up to 5 years of follow-up in patients with AS, including patients with LGAS. Our algorithm, the Aortic Stenosis Risk (ASteRisk) score, is available online for public use.
Reação Aculturativa em diferentes esferas culturais
Authors: Schaden Egon 
Published: May 2022

Capítulo V: Transformações gerais no sistema social, na vida econômica e nas instituições políticas ;Capítulo VI: Aculturação no plano tecnológico e da cultura material;Capítulo VII: A aculturação no plano linguistico;Capítulo VIII: Fenômenos e tendências da aculturação na arte ; Capítulo IX: Reflexos do processo aculturativo no campo da mitologia; Capítulo X: Fenômenos de aculturação religiosa
Bilingualism Affects Infant Cognition: Insights From New and Open Data
Authors: Dal Ben Rodrigo , Killam Hilary , Pour Iliaei Sadaf , Byers-Heinlein Krista 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bilingualism has been hypothesized to shape cognitive abilities across the lifespan. Here, we examined the replicability of a seminal study that showed monolingual–bilingual differences in infancy (Kovács & Mehler, 2009a) by collecting new data from 7-month-olds and 20-month-olds and reanalyzing three open datasets from 7- to 9-month-olds (D’Souza et al., 2020; Kalashnikova et al., 2020, 2021). Infants from all studies (N = 222) were tested in an anticipatory eye-tracking paradigm, where they learned to use a cue to anticipate a reward presented on one side of a screen during Training, and the opposite side at Test. To correctly anticipate the reward at Test, infants had to update their previously learned behavior. Across four out of five studies, a fine-grained analysis of infants’ anticipations showed that bilinguals were better able to update the previously learned response at Test, which could be related to bilinguals’ weaker initial learning during Training. However, in one study of 7-month-olds, we observed the opposite pattern: bilinguals performed better during Training, and monolinguals performed better at Test. These results show that bilingualism affects how infants process information during learning. We also highlight the potential of open science to advance our understanding of language development.
Ethical Ideology and Public Attitudes Towards Marine Life in China
Authors: Chen Mo , Martens Pim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigates public attitudes in Chinese society towards marine life and determines the roles of basic demographics and ethical ideology in shaping these attitudes. An online survey was conducted in 22 mainland coastal cities on the basis of a questionnaire regarding demographical information, the Ethical Position Questionnaire (EPQ), and an adapted marine life version of the Animal Attitude Scale (AAS). Results demonstrate that Chinese women are more concerned about marine life protection than men. Ethical idealism has positive effects while ethical relativism has negative effects on public attitudes towards marine life. Chinese citizens consider using marine life for food as acceptable, but less acceptable to use their skin or fur. Moreover, ethical ideology is found to have no influence upon public attitudes towards using marine life in medical experiments.
The capture of the Ponte: the development of vicarious liability of shipowners and its limitation in Roman-Dutch law
Authors: Lubbers Tim 
Published: May 2022

Summary
In 1599, Dutch privateer Melchior van den Kerckhoven unlawfully captured the Venetian merchantman Ponte, which resulted in extensive legal proceedings before the Supreme Court of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland. The Ponte case soon became the centrepiece for discussions about vicarious liability of shipowners for unlawful acts of their shipmasters, and – more importantly – about limitation of this liability to (the value of) their ship and cargo. Within these discussions, a secondary role was reserved for the case arising from the capture of the French ship Levrette by a Dutch merchantman in 1610. Based on extensive archival research, the present article offers a detailed reconstruction of the facts and proceedings of the Ponte and the Levrette case, and sets out how these cases were employed by Roman-Dutch lawyers to give shape to limited liability of shipowners for unlawful acts of their shipmaster.
Jesus, the Gospels, and the Galilean Crisis, by Tucker Ferda
Authors: Fredriksen Paula 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article explores the historiographical consequences of depending on Markan chronology to reconstruct Jesus’s mission. Mark highlights a “Galilean crisis” as well as the scene in the temple courts (Mk 11:18) as twinned moments of dramatic reversal (peripeteia) that serve to drive his story home to its conclusion, connecting Jesus’s Jewish mission with his Roman death. Analyzing Jesus, the Gospels, and the Galilean Crisis with Mark’s literary deployment of peripeteia in mind, the essay then raises several questions about Ferda’s reconstruction of the reception of Jesus’s message among his Galilean hearers. Jerusalem, not the Galilee, emerges as the true site of “crisis.” Jesus’s popularity among Jews, not a rejection by them, explains most directly Pilate’s decision to neutralize Jesus. Were it not for the narrative shaping of Mark’s story, would we have any reason to presuppose a “Galilean crisis” at all?