bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Ungernia trisphaera Bunge and Thymus transcaspicus Cytotoxicity
in Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Hadi , Rashidi Roghayeh , Afshari Amir R. , Ghasemian Shirin , Soukhtanloo Mohammad , Amiri Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
Thymus transcaspicus (Lamiaceae) is an Iranian species of Thymus, and Ungernia
trisphaera Bunge belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. Cytotoxic properties of total ethanolic extract
of T. transcaspicus and U. trisphaera were investigated against different cell lines including B16F10,
PC3, U87, and MCF-7.

Methods:
The proliferation, cell cycle, and migration of the cells were determined by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium
bromide (MTT) test, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and scratch assay respectively. The effects
of U. trisphaera extract (UTE) on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and angiogenesis
were evaluated by the gelatin zymography method and chicken chorioallantoic membrane model, respectively.
The GSH, SOD, and MDA were evaluated by colorimetric method.

Results:
The results showed that UTE could inhibit the development of malignant cells in a concentration-
dependent manner, while the inhibitory effect of T. transcaspicus extract (TTE) was not significant
compared to the control group. The UTE-induced sub-G1 peak apoptosis compared to the control group
indicated that apoptotic cell death is involved in UTE-induced cytotoxicity. MMPs activity was significantly
decreased 48 hours after treatment. Moreover, GSH level and SOD activity were significantly decreased
while MDA and ROS levels were significantly increased after 24 hours treatment. In addition,
combination of UTE (1.5-25 μg/mL) with doxorubicin (6 μg/mL) showed an additive cell growth inhibitory
effect.

Conclusion:
UTE demonstrated cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects in different cancer cell lines, and it
was found that apoptosis plays a crucial role in the cytotoxicity of UTE. Thus, U. trisphaera can be considered
a potential medicinal herb in cancer treatment after comprehensive pharmacological and toxicological
studies.
Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of the Anti-Pneumonia
(Anti-COVID-19, Anti-Fungal, and Anti-Bacterial) Activities of Cuscuta
Campestris Extract
Authors: Nabiabad Haidar Saify , Amini Massoume , Demirdas Serwet 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Although several vaccines are being approved, no effective antiviral has been developed for Covid-19 infectious. The present investigation was aimed to increase the essential oils of Cuscuta campestris using far-red light treatment and examine the potential of crude extracts of C. campestris against selected pneumonia pathogens and covid-19.

Methods:
Anti-Covid-19 activity was determined in human lung cell lines and Covid-19 positive patients.

Results:
Results demonstrated that the aqueous extract had the highest amount of anti-Covid-19, antibiotic and antioxidant activity. The far-red light treatment increased Scoparone, cineole, Benzofuran, 2, 3-dihydro, Cinnamic acid, and Benzo[h]quinoline, 2, 4-dimethyl, which are mainly effective components against Covid-19 inflammation and pneumonia microbes. CT scan and clinical laboratory tests in a clinical case study, a 30-year-old woman who presented with severe 2019-nCoV, demonstrated that inhalation of 30 mg extract nebulized/day for seven days resulted in an improvement in consolidation and ground-glass opacity in lungs on the seventh day of treatment.

Conclusion:
It is hoped that this study would be led to the introduction of some compounds that could be used to formulate new and more potent anti-Covid-19 antibiotics, or other drugs of natural origin in medicine.
Separation of Heart and Lung-related Signals in Electrical Impedance
Tomography Using Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Ko Yen-Fen , Cheng Kuo-Sheng , Su Po-Lan 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can be used for continuous monitoring
of pulmonary ventilation. However, no proper method has been developed for the separation
of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion signals and the measurement of the associated ventilation/
perfusion (V/Q) ratio. Previously, various methods have been used to extract these components;
however, these have not been able to effectively separate and validate cardiac- and pulmonary-
related images.

Aims:
This study aims at validating and developing a novel method to separate cardiac- and pulmonary-
related components based on the EIT simulation field of view and to simultaneously reconstruct
the individual images instantly.

Methods:
Our approach combines the advantages of the principal component analysis (PCA) and
processes that originally measure EIT data instead of handling a series of EIT images, thus introducing
the empirical mode decomposition (EMD). The PCA template functions for cardiacrelated
imaging and intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of EMD for lung-related imaging are then
adapted to input signals.

Results:
The proposed method enables the separation of cardiac- and lung-related components by
adjusting the proportion of the key components related to lung imaging, which are the fourth
component (PC4) and the first component (IMF1) in PCA- and EMD-based methods, respectively.
The preliminary results on the application of the method to real human EIT data revealed the
consistently better performance and optimal computation compared with previous methods.

Conclusion:
This study proposes a novel method for applying EIT to evaluate the best time of
V/Q matching on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; this aspect can be investigated in
future research.
Eco-friendly Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Assessment of their Activities as Efficient Antioxidant Agents
Authors: Thiripuranathar Gobika , Wijesinghe Udari , Menaa Farid , Almukhlifi Hanadi 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has received
increasing attention in the field of nanotechnology due to their biomedical applications. With this
aim, the present study was performed to synthesize biocompatible ZnO NPs using stems, leaves,
and inflorescences extracts of the Tephrosia purpurea (T. purpurea) and Heliotropium indicum
(H. indicum) medicinal plants.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to synthesize ZnO NPs from T. purpurea and H. indicum
and determine their ability as an alternative for toxic synthetic antioxidants.

Methods:
The preliminary phytochemical screening of T. purpurea and H. indicum and quantitative
determination of phenols and flavonoids were carried out by using spectrophotometric methods.
The antioxidant potential of ZnO NPs was assessed through 2,2–diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) and phosphomolybdenum assays against butylated hydroxytoluene standard.

Results:
Qualitative phytochemical analysis of plant extracts confirmed the presence of terpenoids,
alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and proteins. The highest percentage
of phenolics (88.3 ± 1.7 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (727.1 ± 103.5 mg QE/g) was recorded
for H. indicum inflorescences and T. purpurea stems. The T. purpurea stems mediated ZnO NPs
showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging capacity of 81.53 ± 0.14% with an IC50 value
of 152.38 ± 0.70 μg/mL, while ZnO NPs synthesized using H. indicum inflorescences and T.
purpurea stems indicated the highest total antioxidant capacity of 94.71 ± 2.50 and 91.34 ±
1.07%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The obtained results revealed the significance of T. purpurea and H. indicum as
effective stabilizing agents to develop surface protective ZnO NPs, which can be used as promising
antioxidants in the biological systems.
Transition Metal Oxides as Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst: Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Wu Lei , Li Ming , Zhou Yun , Hu Hongyu 
Published: May 2022

Background:The development of cost-effective and high-activity hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts is limiting the implementation of hydrogen production from electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting, which is seen as a potential technology for clean energy production and long-term energy storage. Transition metal oxide catalysts, a large class of functional materials with variable elemental compositions and crystal shapes, have piqued the interest of scientists. Now, a scientific-based appraisal of the progress in this scientific field is required, as well as identification of the most promising materials and technologies, as well as present constraints and future commercialization chances.Methods:This article presents a scientometric analysis of transition metal oxides as hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts in the scientific field. 1421 publications from the Web of Science (WoS) database were extracted using a mix of relevant keywords and examined using multiple scientometric indexes utilizing Python and Anaconda Prompt, ScientoPy, and Citespace. It stated that the first point in this subject was in 1992, and that scientific progress has substantially increased since 2015.Results:Articles and reviews account for 83.8 percent and 13.4 percent of all items published in this category, respectively.Conclusion:The top two contributor countries were identified as China and the United States. The most active journal in this field is Journal of Materials Chemistry A.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Corona Virus Disease Patients Admitted to Intensive
Care Unit: An Observational Study
Authors: Chopra Deepti , Nazir Nazia , Bhandari Bharti , Sidhu Jaspreet Kaur 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients has
not been extensively studied.

Aim:
The present study was conducted to analyze the pattern of suspected ADRs in the COVID-19
Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, all the individual case study reports of patients admitted to
the COVID ICU (August-October 2020) were analyzed for type of ADRs, system involved, suspected
drug, onset time, time to revert and management.

Results:
Thirty six patients (out of 395 patients admitted) experienced 44 ADRs. Dermatological
manifestations were the most frequent ADRs. Remdesivir was the most common drug associated
with ADRs. The female gender, polypharmacy (>5 drugs) and presence of comorbidities were the
independent risk factors for the occurrence of ADRs.

Conclusion:
Use of many of these drugs in COVID-19 is experimental and the literature does not
guarantee their safety and efficacy. During these times of uncertainty, the results from the present
study reinforce the importance of monitoring patients.
Perception and Self-Medication Practices Among the General Population
During the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic in Mangalore, India
Authors: Joseph Nitin , Colaco Sumith Marian , Fernandes Ronel Valentine , Krishna Sarvesh G. , Veetil Sourav I. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The practice of self-medication appears to be much more rampant during the-
COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, awareness about its consequences is essential among the general population
during the current circumstances.

Objectives:
To study the prevalence of and perception towards self-medication, as well as its determinants
among the general population of Mangalore.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was done during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in
August 2021. Data were collected using a Microsoft form disseminated among residents of Mangalore
through WhatsApp and email.

Results:
The mean age of the 225 participants in this study was 34.5±15.2 years. Self-medication practice
was indulged by 77(34.2%) out of the total participants. The most common symptom for which
self-medication was practiced was for common cold [54(70.1%)], and the most commonly used drug was
paracetamol [67(87%)]. 167(74.2%) participants felt that self-medication practices were harmful, but the rest
58(25.8%) felt that it was not a harmful practice. 116 (51.6%) participants felt that the advertisements in
mass media and social media promoted self-medication practices among people. Out of the 69(30.7%) participants
who felt that self-medication practice was acceptable during the current circumstances, the majority
[66(95.6%)] felt that it was better to avoid visiting any doctor or health care facility presently to avoid acquiring
COVID-19. In the multivariable analysis, participants with a history of self-medication among their family
members, relatives, or friends were more likely to indulge in self-medication (p<0.001). Perceptions that
self-medication practices were harmful were more among females (p=0.0397).

Conclusion:
More than one-third of the participants indulged in self-medication practice. More than
one-fourth of the participants felt that self-medication practices were not harmful. About one-third felt
it was acceptable, and most of them felt so to avoid the risk of contracting the Coronavirus infection.
Awareness of its hazards, particularly among males and those with a family history of selfmedications,
is required at Mangalore.
Developmental Toxicity Assessment of Drymaria Cordata (Linn.) Willd
using Zebrafish Embryo
Authors: Patra Susmita , Bala Asis , Sharma Nanaocha , Haldar Pallab Kanti 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Drymaria cordata (Linn.) Willd is a creeping herb belonging to the Caryophyllaceae
family, widely used as a traditional medicine in Africa and North-east India for various
ailments. Many therapeutic applications of D. cordata have been reported in various scientific
studies, but the teratogenicity study of this herb has not been documented till now.

Methods:
The present study aimed to assess the developmental toxic effect and median lethal concentration
(LC50) of methanol extract of Drymaria cordata leaf (DCME) using zebrafish embryos.
After spawning of male and female zebrafish, healthy zebrafish embryos were selected by microscopic
screening and transferred into 96-well plate for the study. Embryos were exposed to DCME
at concentrations ranging from 50-400 μg/ml in 2% DMSO from 24 hpf to 72 hpf.

Results:
Developmental and morphological abnormalities were microscopically evaluated. Fifty
percent lethal concentration (LC50) of DCME was determined by observation from 24 hpf to 72
hpf. The concentration-dependent toxic effects of DCME on developing embryos of zebrafish were
found in the study in a time-dependent manner.

Conclusion:
At 72 hpf, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of DCME was found with visible developmental
defects, such as heartbeat rate, less pigmentation, oedema, spinal curvature, immature yolk sac
as well as reduced hatching rate and a slow growth. The median lethal dose was found to be 448 μg/ml
at 72 hpf for zebra fish embryos, meriting further studies on toxicological profiling of the plants.
Awareness and Attitude among Physicians Regarding Bisphosphonaterelated
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ): A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Priyadarshini Vidya , Ramachandra Srinivas Sulugodu , Ganganna Aruna 
Published: May 2022

Background:
An invasive dental procedure is considered one of the risk factors for osteonecrosis
of the jaw, especially among patients on bisphosphonates. This study aimed to determine
the awareness and perceptions of medical practitioners regarding bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis
of the jaw (BRONJ), and their attitude towards dental referrals of such patients.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among medical practitioners
in and around Mysore city, Karnataka, India, who commonly prescribe bisphosphonates.
The sample included orthopaedic doctors, physicians, endocrinologists, and oncologists, divided
based on the duration of practice and speciality. Data on the type of practice, awareness of BRONJ,
referral to a dentist before/during therapy, and patient education about adverse effects, were collected
and analyzed. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Among 58 practitioners, 84.5% (49) were aware of the association between bisphosphonates
and BRONJ, while 56.9% (33/58) believed dental procedure to be a risk factor, and 55.2%
(32/58) did not recommend screening of the oral cavity by a dentist before initiation of bisphosphonate
therapy. A majority (65.5%) of them educated their patients about adverse effects. Mean
knowledge scores varied with specialization (post-graduation vs. super specialization = 1.43 vs. 2;
p = 0.01) but not with the duration of practice (<= 10 years vs. >10 years= 1.57 vs. 1.4; p= 0.24).

Conclusion:
The practitioners in our study were oblivious to dental procedures' role in the osteonecrosis
of the jaw, highlighting the need for continuing education programs regarding BRONJ
for medical and dental professionals. Clinicians updated regarding evidence-based practices and
working cooperatively in teams may reduce the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of
the jaw.
Impact of ‘Never Use’ Abbreviations (Error-Prone Abbreviations-EPA’s)
List on the Incidence of EPAs in Inpatient Medical Prescriptions in Apex
Tertiary Care Public Hospital in India
Authors: Thachaparambil Arif , Kausar Mohammad , R Mahesh , DK Sharma 
Published: May 2022

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of never-use list and standardized abbreviations on error prone abbreviations

Background:
Abbreviations are commonly used in medical records to save time and space but use in prescriptions, which can lead to communication failures and preventable harm. Prescriptions need to be clear for correct interpretation. Hospitals should implement uniform use of approved abbreviations, such as an approved list or never-use list of abbreviations and symbols. In the hospital under study, there was no system of avoiding error prone abbreviations while prescribing any medication. Hence, an interventional study was performed to quantify and reduce the incidence of error prone abbreviations.

Objectives:
The main objectives were to determine the incidence of error prone abbreviations, development and implementation of ‘Never-use’ list and standardized abbreviations and finally determine its effectiveness in reducing the error prone abbreviations in the prescriptions.

Methods:
The study design was pre-post interventional / quasi-experimental design. The settings were inpatient wards of broad specialties of a tertiary care hospital. ‘Never-use’ list and standardized abbreviations were developed by review of relevant literature, existing lists by Institute for Safe Medication Practices and Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care compared against findings of pilot study of prescriptions for error prone abbreviations and experts’ input. Poster copies of the lists were affixed in inpatient wards, doctors were educated and poster pamphlets were distributed. Pre intervention data was collected by a retrospective closed in-patient medical record review. Post interventional incidence of error prone abbreviations was determined and the effectiveness of the same was assessed by using statistical analysis.

Results:
Incidence of error abbreviations in inpatient prescription was 47.5% and ‘Never Use’ list of abbreviation led to a statistically significant reduction of error-prone abbreviation by 8.2% from 47.5% to 43.6% (P\0.006).

Conclusion:
‘Never Use’ lists are effective in reducing incidence of common error-prone abbreviations and discipline wise variation is observed.
Effect of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Under LIFPUS Pretreatment on Thyroid Function in EAT Rats
Authors: Ren Ziyu , Fang Ronghua , Deng Wenzhen , Long Jiangchuan , Liu Dongfang 
Published: May 2022

Background:A growing number of studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can effectively regulate the progression of multiple autoimmune diseases and can respond positively to mechanical stimulation by ultrasound in an in vitro setting to improve transplantation efficacy.Objective:The aim of this study was to activate hUC-MSCs by pretreatment with low-intensity focused pulsed ultrasound (LIFPUS) in an in vitro environment and transplant them into a rat model of EAT via tail vein. To investigate the efficacy and potential mechanism of action of hUC-MSCs in the treatment of EAT.Methods:In this study, 40 female lewis rats were divided into control, EAT, hUC-MSCs treatment and LIFPUS pretreatment transplantation group. EAT models were established by subcutaneous multi-point injection of PTG+Freund's adjuvant, and the primary hUC-MSCs were treated with different gradients of LIFPUS irradiation or sham irradiation in an in vitro environment and screened by Western Blot (WB), flow cytology cycle analysis, and cellular immunofluorescence to find the optimal treatment parameters for LIFPUS to promote cell proliferation. After tail vein injection of different pretreatment groups of hUC-MSCs, Homing sites of hUC-MSCs in vivo, circulating autoantibody expression levels and local thyroid histopathological changes were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), spleen index, tissue hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bax and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins Chop and EIF2α in thyroid tissue were also examined by WB.Results:LIFPUS can effectively stimulate hUC-MSCs in vitro to achieve the most optimal proliferative and secretory activity. In the EAT model, hUC-MSCs can effectively reduce thyroid cell apoptosis, improve thyroid function and reduce excessive accumulation of autoimmune antibodies in the body. in comparison, the LIFPUS pretreatment group showed a more favorable treatment outcome. Further experiments demonstrated that hUC-MSCs transplantation may effectively inhibit the apoptotic state of thyroid follicles and follicular epithelial cells by down-regulating the unfolded protein reaction (UPR) of the PERK pathway, thus providing a therapeutic effect for AIT.Conclusion:hUC-MSCs can effectively reverse the physiological function of EAT thyroid tissue and reduce the accumulation of circulating antibodies in the body. in comparison, hUC-MSCs under LIFPUS pretreatment showed more desirable therapeutic potential. hUC-MSCs transplanted under LIFPUS pretreatment may be a new class of safe therapeutic modality for the treatment of AIT.
Investigating the Activity of Indole-2-on Derivative Src Kinase Inhibitors Against
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Olgen Sureyya , Cort-Donmez Aysegul , Guner Ersin , Akgun-Cagliyan Gulsum , Hanikoglu Ferhat , Tunc-Ata Melek , Kilic-Toprak Emine 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Src family tyrosine kinases play a potential role in Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis. Src
kinase inhibitors are reported as selective inhibitors of chronic myeloid leukemia.

Objective:
Since Src kinase inhibitors have an inhibitive effect on chronic myeloid leukemia, indole derivatives (C-1,
C-2, C-3) previously found as potent inhibitors of Src kinase were tested against chronic myeloid leukemia in this
study.

Methods:
Cell viability of K562 and R/K562 cells, antiproliferative and antioxidant effects, and inhibition profiles of
Bcr-Abl kinase of indole derivatives were determined compared to dasatinib and imatinib.

Results:
The results showed that compounds affected cell proliferation and decreased the levels of Bcr/Abl. These results confirmed that the antileukemic activity of compounds was related to Bcr/Abl expression. Docking studies also presented that compounds are inhibitors of both Src and Abl kinases. Calculation of drug-like properties showed that compounds could be potential drug candidates.

Conclusion:
Among indole-2-on derivatives, previously identified as Src kinase inhibitors, C-2 has been discovered to
be a strong anticancer drug that is active against susceptible and resistant K562 cell lines and induces apoptosis.