bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cathodes Coating Layer with Li‐Ion Diffusion Selectivity Employing Interactive Network of Metal‐Organic Polyhedras for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim You Jin , Ko So Yeon , Kim Suji , Choi Kyung Min , Ryu Won‐Hee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface modification of cathodes using Ni‐rich coating layers prevents bulk and surface degradation for the stable operation of Li–ion batteries at high voltages. However, insulating and dense inorganic coating layers often impede charge transfer and ion diffusion kinetics. In this study, the fabrication of dual functional coating materials using metal–organic polyhedra (MOP) with 3D networks within microporous units of Li–ion batteries for surface stabilization and facile ion diffusion is proposed. Zr‐based MOP is modified by introducing acyl groups as a chemical linkage (MOPAC), and MOPAC layers are homogenously coated by simple spray coating on the cathode. The coating allow the smooth transport of electrons and ions. MOPAC effectively suppress side reactions between the cathode and electrolyte and protect active materials against aggressive fluoride ions by forming a Li–ion selective passivation film. The MOPAC‐coated Ni‐rich layered cathode exhibited better cycle retention and enhanced kinetic properties than pristine and MOP‐coated cathodes. Reduction of undesirable gas evolution on the cathode by MOPAC is also verified. Microporous MOPAC coating can simultaneously stabilize both the bulk and surface of the Ni‐rich layered cathode and maintain good electrochemical reaction kinetics for high‐performance Li–ion batteries.
A Cascade Nanoreactor of Metal‐Protein‐Polyphenol Capsule for Oxygen‐Mediated Synergistic Tumor Starvation and Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yu Qiao , Zhou Jie , Song Juan , Zhou Hong , Kang Bin , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStarvation therapy kills tumor cells via consuming glucose to cut off their energy supply. However, since glucose oxidase (GOx)‐mediated glycolysis is oxygen‐dependent, the cascade reaction based on GOx faces the challenge of a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. By decomposition of glycolysis production of H2O2 into O2, starvation therapy can be enhanced, but chemodynamic therapy is limited. Here, a close‐loop strategy for on demand H2O2 and O2 delivery, release, and recycling is proposed. The nanoreactor (metal‐protein‐polyphenol capsule) is designed by incorporating two native proteins, GOx and hemoglobin (Hb), in polyphenol networks with zeolitic imidazolate framework as sacrificial templates. Glycolysis occurs in the presence of GOx with O2 consumption and the produced H2O2 reacts with Hb to produce highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and methemoglobin (MHb) (Fenton reaction). Benefiting from the different oxygen carrying capacities of Hb and MHb, oxygen on Hb is rapidly released to supplement its consumption during glycolysis. Glycolysis and Fenton reactions are mutually reinforced by oxygen supply, consuming more glucose and producing more hydroxyl radicals and ultimately enhancing both starvation therapy and chemodynamic therapy. This cascade nanoreactor exhibits high efficiency for tumor suppression and provides an effective strategy for oxygen‐mediated synergistic starvation therapy and chemodynamic therapy.
CO2 Photoactivation Study of Adenine Nucleobase: Role of Hydrogen‐Bonding Traction
Authors: Li Ning , Yao Su‐Juan , Wei Mei‐Jie , He Jun , Chi Weijie , Lan Ya‐Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe discovery and in‐depth study of non‐biocatalytic applications of active biomolecules are essential for the development of biomimicry. Here, the effect of intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding traction on the CO2 photoactivation performance of adenine nucleobase by means of an adenine‐containing model system (AMOF‐1−4) is uncovered. Remarkably, the hydrogen‐bonding schemes around adenines are regularly altered with the increase in the alkyl (methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and tert‐butyl) electron‐donating capacity of the coordinated aliphatic carboxylic acids, and thus, lead to a stepwise improvement in CO2 photoreduction activity. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that strong intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding traction surrounding adenine can obviously increase the adenine‐CO2 interaction energy and, therefore, result in a smoother CO2 activation process. Significantly, this work also provides new inspiration for expanding the application of adenine to more small‐molecule catalytic reactions.
Unravelling Disorder Effects on Thermoelectric Properties of Semicrystalline Polymers in a Wide Range of Doping Levels
Authors: Choi Woojin , Kim Soohyun , Lee Soonyong , Jung Changhwa , Tripathi Ayushi , Lee Yoonjoo , Woo Han Young , Lee Hyunjung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermoelectric (TE) performance of a specific semicrystalline polymer is studied experimentally only in a limited range of doping levels with molecular doping methods. The doping level is finely controlled via in situ electrochemical doping in a wide range of carrier concentrations with an electrolyte ([PMIM]+[TFSI]−)‐gated organic electrochemical transistor system. Then, the charge generation/transport and TE properties of four p‐type semicrystalline polymers are analyzed and their dynamic changes of crystalline morphologies and local density of states (DOS) during electrochemical doping are compared. These polymers are synthesized based on poly[(2,5‐bis(2‐alkyloxy)phenylene)‐alt‐(5,6‐difluoro‐4,7‐di(thiophene‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] by varying side chains: With oligoethylene glycol (OEG) substituents, facile p‐doping is achieved because of easy penetration of TFSI− ions into the polymer matrix. However, the charge transport is hindered with longer OEG chains length because of the enhanced insulation. Therefore, with the shortest OEG substituents the electrical conductivity (30.1 S cm−1) and power factor (2.88 µW m−1 K−2) are optimized. It is observed that all polymers exhibit p‐ to n‐type transition in Seebeck coefficients in heavily doped states, which can be achieved by electrochemical doping. These TE behaviors are interpreted based on the relation between the localized DOS band structure and molecular packing structure during electrochemical doping.
A high‐strength concrete resistant to elevated temperatures using steel slag aggregates
Authors: Hajiaghamemar Mohammadreza , Mostofinejad Davood , Bahmani Hadi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates high‐strength concrete (HSC) exposed to high temperatures using the full replacement of natural aggregates with steel slag. Polypropylene (PP) and steel fibers are used as reinforcements, and the effects of calcium aluminate cement and ordinary cement on the mechanical properties of this concrete are compared. A total of 81 cylindrical specimens of 100 × 200 mm and 81 prism specimens of 100 × 100 × 350 mm were made using different amounts of cementitious materials (cement and silica fume) of 450, 500, and 550 kg/m3, with constant water‐to‐cementitious materials ratio of 0.28. The present results revealed that the HSC made with steel slag aggregates and calcium aluminate cement reinforced with steel fibers, had the greatest compressive strength of 84 and 50 MPa at temperatures of 20°C and 800°C, respectively; and flexural strength of 7.9 and 4.5 MPa, respectively, at the same temperatures. Similar HSC specimens constructed with ordinary cement, on the other hand, performed better at 400°C. Moreover, the flexural strength of the samples placed at temperatures of 400°C and 800°C decreased by 28% and 48%, respectively, compared to the specimens at 20°C. Compared to specimens comprised of polypropylene fibers, the fracture energy and displacement of HSC with steel slag reinforced with steel fibers subjected to high temperatures were increased by approximately 100% and 60%, respectively.
Markers of cell death predict therapy response in patients with cirrhosis and hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: Heinrich Sophia , Austgen Thomas , Castven Darko , Hess Moritz , Labenz Christian , Kirstein Martha , Zimpel Carolin , Stockhoff Lena , Maasoumy Benjamin , Heinrich Bernd , Wedemeyer Hans Heinrich , Galle Peter Robert , Binder Harald , Nguyen‐Tat Marc , Marquardt Jens Uwe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsHepatorenal syndrome is a major complication in patients with cirrhosis and associated with high mortality. Predictive biomarkers for therapy response are largely missing. Cytokeratin18‐based cell death markers are significantly elevated in patients with complications of chronic liver disease, but the role of these markers in patients with HRS treated with vasoconstrictors and albumin is unknown.MethodsWe prospectively analyzed a total of 138 patients with HRS, liver cirrhosis without HRS and acute kidney injury treated at the University Medical Center Mainz between April 2013 and July 2018. Serum levels of M30 and M65 were analyzed by ELISA and clinical data were collected. Predictive ability was assessed by Kaplan‐Meier curves, logistic regression and c‐statistic. Primary endpoint was response to therapy.ResultsM30 and M65 were significantly increased in patients with HRS compared to non‐HRS controls (M30: p < 0.0001; M65: p < 0.0001). Both serum markers showed predictive ability for dialysis‐ and LTX‐free survival but not overall survival. Logistic regression confirmed M30 and M65 as independent prognostic factors for response to therapy. A novel predictive score comprising bilirubin and M65 showed highest predictive ability to predict therapy response.ConclusionsSerum levels of M30 and M65 can robustly discriminate patients into responders and non‐responders to terlipressin therapy with a good predictive ability for dialysis‐ and LTX‐free survival in cirrhotic patients. Cell death parameters might possess clinical relevance in patients with liver cirrhosis and HRS.
Agent‐based modeling to integrate elements from different disciplines for ambitious climate policy
Authors: Savin Ivan , Creutzig Felix , Filatova Tatiana , Foramitti Joël , Konc Théo , Niamir Leila , Safarzynska Karolina , van den Bergh Jeroen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAmbitious climate mitigation policies face social and political resistance. One reason is that existing policies insufficiently capture the diversity of relevant insights from the social sciences about potential policy outcomes. We argue that agent‐based models can serve as a powerful tool for integration of elements from different disciplines. Having such a common platform will enable a more complete assessment of climate policies, in terms of criteria like effectiveness, equity and public support.This article is categorized under:
Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models
The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Policies, Instruments, Lifestyles, Behavior
Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance
Applying transcranial magnetic stimulation to rehabilitation of poststroke lower extremity function and an improvement: Individual‐target TMS
Authors: Qi Shun , Tian Meng , Rao Yang , Sun Chuanzhu , Li Xiang , Qiao Jin , Huang Zi‐Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStroke is the leading cause of disability globally in need of novel and effective methods of rehabilitation. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) has been adopted as a Level B recommendation for lower limb spasticity in guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Nonetheless, the methodological differences and deficits of existing work bring about heterogenous results and therefore limit the universal clinical use of rTMS in lower extremity (LE) rehabilitation. The variation of stimulated targets across motor cortex contributes mainly to these heterogeneities. This narrative review includes studies of rTMS on LE motor function rehabilitation in patients after stroke until now. Some analyses of brain imaging and electromagnetic simulation and quantification through computational modeling were also performed. rTMS appears capable of fostering LE motor rehabilitation after stroke, but the actually stimulated targets are considerably bias making it difficult to confirm effectiveness. The main reason for this phenomenon is probably inaccurate targeting of motor cortical leg representation. An underlying updated method is proposed as Individual‐Target TMS (IT‐TMS) combined with brain imaging. rTMS is a promising validated method for LE function regaining. Future studies should systematically compare the effects of IT‐TMS with traditional rTMS using large samples in random clinical trials.This article is categorized under:
Neuroscience > Clinical Neuroscience
Innovative approaches in transforming microRNAs into therapeutic tools
Authors: Samad Abdul Fatah A. , Kamaroddin Mohd Farizal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicroRNA (miRNA) is regarded as a prominent genetic regulator, as it can fine‐tune an entire biological pathway by targeting multiple target genes. This characteristic makes miRNAs promising therapeutic tools to reinstate cell functions that are disrupted as a consequence of diseases. Currently, miRNA replacement by miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibition by anti‐miRNA oligonucleotides are the main approaches to utilizing miRNA molecules for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, miRNA‐based therapeutics are hampered by major issues such as off‐target effects, immunogenicity, and uncertain delivery platforms. Over the past few decades, several innovative approaches have been established to minimize off‐target effects, reduce immunostimulation, and provide efficient transfer to the target cells in which these molecules exert their function. Recent achievements have led to the testing of miRNA‐based drugs in clinical trials, and these molecules may become next‐generation therapeutics for medical intervention. Despite the achievement of exciting milestones, the dosage of miRNA administration remains unclear, and ways to address this issue are proposed. Elucidating the current status of the main factors of therapeutic miRNA would allow further developments and innovations to achieve safe therapeutic tools.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action
Power Grid Mapping in West Africa
Authors: Charles Tommy G. D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractYouthMappers helps to map fundamental features of rural communities across the countryside of Sierra Leone as an innovative model for how to bring power to villages across West Africa. Charting location of buildings, tracing streets, and pinpointing where utility poles dot the landscape inform efforts to design and install mini-grids in places without power or with insufficient service. By understanding settlement patterns, road connectivity, and the layout of current low-voltage distribution networks, the team speeds up and scales up design for rural electrification, contributing directly to SDG 7 to bring affordable and clean energy to communities and to SDG 9 to build resilient infrastructure in ways that foster innovation for mapping and beyond.
Youth Engagement and Participation in Mitigating Perennial Flooding in Kampala, Uganda Using Open Geospatial Data
Authors: Kintu Ingrid M. , Bulley Henry N. N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIngraining spatial thinking for problem-solving is critical for future decision makers and leaders. We argue that the use of open geospatial data and technology makes it easier to understand the interconnections between places and many socioecological issues facing communities. This facilitates openness to adopt the methods and strategies needed to make our communities and the world at large a better place as envisaged by UN-SDG 11. This case of two informal human settlements Uganda features low-lying areas with mostly slum conditions and urban poor migrants who settled there from rural communities in search of better livelihoods. YouthMappers documented conditions of drainage systems that impact flood vulnerability. We highlight important lessons in collaborating with local humanitarian organizations to spatially conceptualize development-related activities for underprivileged communities in a context that resonates with local people.
Collaborative Cartography Making Riparian Communities Visible in Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Ana Luisa , Ventorini Silvia Elena , Pôssa Évelyn Márcia , Rabelo Francisco Davy Braz , Rocha Leonardo Cristian , do Amaral Figueiredo Mucio , dos Santos Silva Paula 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe authors explore the invisibility of riparian communities along the river channels of the Amazon basin and the utility of collaborative mapping as a methodology for increasing their visibility on publicly available maps with the objective of contributing to the recording of their history and presenting a collaborative cartographic product that can be useful for guaranteeing territorial rights and support the creation of public policies more suited to the riverside realities. These efforts carried out by the YouthMappers chapter at the Universidade Federal de São João del Rei and Centro de Estudos Superiores de Tefé - Universidade do Estado do Amazonas support SDG 15 – Life on Land and SDG 16 – Peace and Justice and Strong Institutions.
Open Mapping with Official Cartographies in the Americas
Authors: Arriaga Vivian , Birkenes Adele , Council Daniel , Jones Mason , Lay Soler Enith K. , McCarley John Sawyer , Wulf Emily , Zhang Calvin , Wintemute Jean Parcher , Aguirre Nancy , Solís Patricia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGovernments need data to be effective and accountable to the SDGs. Spatial data are key to meeting these goals, and youth open mapping represents one way to support official cartographies, especially to advance SDG 16. We explored how youth could add value by integrating OSM data into public agency maps while offering education opportunities (SDG 4).
Volcanic Geoheritage in the Light of Volcano Geology
Authors: Németh Károly 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVolcanic geoheritage relates to the geological features of a region that are associated with the formation of a volcanic terrain in diverse geoenvironmental conditions. These features include the volcanic processes, volcanic landforms and/or the eruptive products of volcanism that form the geological architecture of that region. Volcanic geoheritage is expressed through the landscape and how it forms and evolves through volcanic processes on various spatio-temporal scales. In this sense it is directly linked to the processes of how magma released, transported to the surface and fragmented, the styles of eruption and accumulation of the eruptive products. Volcanic geoheritage is directly linked to the natural processes that generated them. Geocultural aspects are treated separately through volcanic geosite identification and their valorization stages. Identification of volcanic geosites, based on various valorization techniques, have been applied successfully in the past decades to many geological heritage elements. Volcanism directly impacts societal, cultural, and traditional development of communities, hence the “living with volcanoes” concept and indigenous aspects and knowledge about volcanism can and should play important roles in these valorization methods through co-development, transdisciplinary approaches by including interconnected scientists in discussions with local communities. Elements of volcanism and volcanic geoheritage benefit of the geoculture of society so volcanic geoheritage sites are ideal locations for community geoeducation where resilience toward volcanic hazard could be explored and applied more effectively than it is done today. Geoparks within volcanic terrains or volcanism-influenced regions should be the flagship conservation, education and tourism sites for this message. Volcanism can be an integral part of processes operating in sedimentary basins. Here volcanic eruptive products and volcanic processes contribute to the sediment fill and geological features that characterize the geoheritage of that region.
Geoheritage Inventory of the El Hierro UNESCO Global Geopark
Authors: Casillas Ruiz Ramón , Pérez Candelario Yurena , Ferro Fernández Cristina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 2014 the Island of El Hierro (Canary Islands) was declared a Geopark of the Unesco network, thus becoming the first UNESCO geopark of the Canary Islands. The geological history of the Island of El Hierro can be understood through the visit of 61 geosites, which are representative of the growth and destruction of an oceanic Island in an intraplate environment. The geological heritage represented by these geosites has as foremost exponents those related to the formation of mega-landslides and the formation of extensive fields of pahoehoe lava-flows related to the historical or prehistoric fissure volcanism concerning the activity of its three rifts. This chapter describes the methodology used in establishing the geosite inventory carried out in 2019, as well as the description of the established geosites.
Geomorphosites of El Hierro UNESCO Global Geopark (Canary Islands, Spain): Promotion of Georoutes for Volcanic Tourism
Authors: Dóniz-Páez Javier , Becerra-Ramírez Rafael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeotourism is a relatively recent concept and a novel kind of tourism, which has acquired a significant boom in the last decades, associated with the creation and consolidation of the UNESCO global geoparks network. There are two approaches to geotourism, one geological and the other geographical, much more global and inclusive of the elements of the natural and cultural heritage. In this chapter, we have chosen to use the geographical approach of geotourism, to apply it to the El Hierro global geopark and diversify the island's tourism, traditionally focused on diving and hiking, through geoforms (volcanic and non-volcanic), and its link with cultural heritage. For this, the most representative, preserved and accessible geomorphosites in the geopark have been identified, inventoried and selected, which can be visited through volcano tourism georoutes. To do this, a route is proposed in the El Faro-Orchilla geozone (GZH-07) of the geopark, since it is one of the best examples of recent monogenetic basaltic volcanism in the Canary Islands. This geozone has a high geodiversity and richness in its natural and cultural heritage, it is easily accessible and different geoforms and views of the island landscape can be seen along a 9.5 km route and 8 stops.
Social Cognition Development and Socioaffective Dysfunction in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: de Mello Claudia Berlim , da Silva Gusmão Cardoso Thiago , Alves Marcus Vinicius C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSocial cognition refers to a wide range of cognitive abilities that allow individuals to understand themselves and others and also communicate in social interaction contexts (Adolphs, Curr Opin Neurobiol 11(2):231–239, 2001). According to Adolphs (Annu Rev Psychol 60(1):693–716, 2009), social cognition deals with psychological processes that allow us to make inferences about what is happening inside other people—their intentions, feelings, and thoughts. Although the term can be defined in many ways, it is clear that it must be safeguarded for the mental operations underlying social interactions. The most investigated cognitive processes of social cognition are emotion recognition and theory of mind (ToM), given that a whole range of socio-affective and interpersonal skills, such as empathy, derive from them (Mitchell RL, Phillips LH, Neuropsychologia, 70:1–10, 2015). Theory of mind is an intuitive ability to attribute thoughts and feelings to other people, and this ability usually matures in children in preschool age (Wellman HM, The child’s theory of mind. Bradford Books/MIT, 1990), whereas emotional recognition refers to an individual’s ability to identify others’ emotions and affective states, usually based on their facial or vocal expressions, it is a critical skill that develops early and supports the development of other social skills (Mitchell RL, Phillips LH, Neuropsychologia, 70:1–10, 2015).