bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors contributing to neonatal readmissions to a level 4 hospital within 28 days after birth
Authors: Jarrett Olivia , Gim Daeun , Puusepp‐Benazzouz Helen , Liu Anthony , Bhurawala Habib 
Published: April 2022

AimTo identify maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal readmissions.MethodsA case controlled, cross‐sectional, retrospective review of neonatal readmissions within 28 days from birth to a level 4 hospital in Western Sydney was conducted from January to December 2018. Maternal and neonatal factors for readmission were assessed. A control group of 122 neonates were randomly selected. Comparative statistics and logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data.ResultsOf the 3914 neonatal discharges following birth, there were 129 neonatal readmissions (3.3%). Following regression analysis, gestational age (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.7–0.97, P = 0.02) and intrapartum intravenous (IV) fluids (odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.66–4.67, P < 0.001) were associated with readmission. The majority of readmissions were feeding‐related (72.9%). Of these readmissions, 29.8% had feeding concerns noted by nursing or midwifery staff during the initial hospital stay. During the initial hospital stay following birth, neonatal feeding issues were significantly associated with primiparous mothers (P = 0.005). Mothers who did not receive IV fluids during labour were also more likely to experience feeding issues (P = 0.015).ConclusionOur findings indicate that hospital discharge prior to established feeding patterns may be associated with an increased incidence of neonatal readmission. The factors associated with neonatal readmission are earlier gestational age and intrapartum IV fluid administration. These findings suggest that more comprehensive feeding assessment prior to discharge, flexibility of discharge timing and increased community support may reduce neonatal readmission.
Multidrug‐resistant organisms in paediatric palliative care patients – Prevalence, risk factors and the impact of a liberal hygiene concept
Authors: Schmidt Pia , Hasan Carola , Mauritz Maximilian D , Simon Arne , Stening Kathrin , Hartenstein‐Pinter Almut , Zernikow Boris , Wager Julia 
Published: April 2022

AimMultidrug‐resistant organisms (MDRO) deserve special attention in health‐care facilities for children with life‐limiting conditions because these children have an increased risk for colonisation. To avoid nosocomial transmissions to other inpatients, single‐room isolation is usually recommended. In the context of paediatric palliative care (PPC), such isolation counters the aim of participation in social activities for the patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MDRO, the predictive value of risk factors and the incidence of nosocomial infections and nosocomial colonisations on a PPC inpatient unit applying a special hygiene concept that enables participation in social activities through risk‐adaption and barrier nursing.MethodsTwo‐year surveillance with MDRO screening of all intakes (N = 386) of a PPC unit on the day of admission and discharge. To determine the predictive value of pre‐defined risk factors, logistic regression analyses were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to determine the predictive power of the number of risk factors on the presence of MDRO.ResultsThe rate of MDRO colonisation at admission was 12.7%; previous positive MDRO screening was the only significant individual risk factor. Over the 2‐year period, no MDRO‐related nosocomial infections occurred; nosocomial colonisation incidence density was 0.6.ConclusionResults demonstrate that patients with at least one risk factor have to be cared for by barrier nursing until MDRO screening results are negative. Following these guidelines prevents nosocomial MDRO transmission.
ANGUSTIFOLIA negatively regulates resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum via modulation of PTI and JA signalling pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Gao Xiuqin , Dang Xie , Yan Fengting , Li Yuhua , Xu Jing , Tian Shifu , Li Yaling , Huang Kun , Lin Wenwei , Lin Deshu , Wang Zonghua , Wang Airong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating pathogen that infects a broad range of host plants. The mechanism underlying plant defence against fungal invasion is still not well characterized. Here, we report that ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN), a CtBP family member, plays a role in the defence against S. sclerotiorum attack. Arabidopsis an mutants exhibited stronger resistance to S. sclerotiorum at the early stage of infection than wild‐type plants. Accordingly, an mutants exhibited stronger activation of pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP)‐triggered immunity (PTI) responses, including mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, callose deposition, and the expression of PTI‐responsive genes, upon treatment with PAMPs/microbe‐associated molecular patterns. Moreover, Arabidopsis lines overexpressing AN were more susceptible to S. sclerotiorum and showed defective PTI responses. Our luminometry, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, coimmunoprecipitation, and in vitro pull‐down assays indicate that AN interacts with allene oxide cyclases (AOC), essential enzymes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, negatively regulating JA biosynthesis in response to S. sclerotiorum infection. This work reveals AN is a negative regulator of the AOC‐mediated JA signalling pathway and PTI activation.
“Getting caught unprepared”: A phenomenological study of Indonesian nurses dealing with difficulties when caring for patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19)
Authors: Sutantri Sutantri , Putri Arcellia Farosyah , Ismiyati Rini 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has brought pressure and challenges to nurses worldwide. This study aims to understand the lived experiences of nurses in overcoming challenges when delivering care for patients with COVID‐19 in Indonesia. The study employed a phenomenological research design. The researchers purposely selected nine nurses who provided care for patients with COVID‐19 at an urban public hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between September and December 2020. The researchers conducted face‐to‐face interviews with participants. The interview data transcriptions were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. The experiences of nurses in providing care for patients with COVID‐19 can be summarized into three themes: (1) getting caught unprepared, (2) understanding and adapting to a new working situation, and (3) finding new meaning in the nursing profession. This study suggested that nurses overcame difficulties in caring for patients with COVID‐19 by using multidimensional and culturally informed coping strategies. Hospital managers and policymakers need to consider culturally relevant coping strategies (i.e., religious‐based coping strategies) when supporting healthcare providers during public health emergencies.
COVID‐19 in vaccinated versus unvaccinated hematologic malignancy patients
Authors: DeVoe Catherine , Pandey Shraddha , Shariff Dayana , Arora Shagun , Henrich Timothy J. , Yokoe Deborah S. , Langelier Charles R. , Servellita Venice , Chiu Charles , Miller Steve , Babik Jennifer M. , Chin‐Hong Peter , Fung Monica 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe effect of vaccination on severity of subsequent COVID‐19 in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) is unknown. In this single‐center retrospective cohort study, we found no difference in severity of COVID‐19 disease in vaccinated (n = 16) versus unvaccinated (n = 54) HM patients using an adjusted multiple logistic regression model. Recent anti‐B‐cell therapy was associated with more severe illness.
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Neutralizing antibody levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern Delta and Omicron in vaccine breakthrough‐infected blood donors
Authors: Franchini Massimo , Focosi Daniele , Mengoli Carlo , Percivalle Elena , Sammartino Josè Camilla , Ferrari Alessandro , Zani Matteo , Glingani Claudia , Baldanti Fausto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNovel SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOC) Delta and Omicron are able to escape some monoclonal antibody therapies, making again COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) a potential frontline treatment.Study design/methodsIn this study, we investigated the kinetics of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against VOCs Delta and Omicron in vaccine breakthrough infected plasma donors. Serum samples from 19 donors were collected at the time of plasma donation and tested for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 nAbs (using live authentic VOC viral neutralization test) and IgG (Liaison® SARS‐CoV‐2 S1/S2 and Liaison® SARS‐CoV‐2 TrimericS IgG assays, DiaSorin). Measures were correlated with different variables, including the time between last vaccine dose and CCP donation, and time between SARS‐COV‐2 infection and CCP donation.ResultsnAb titers against VOC Delta and Omicron were directly related to the time interval since last vaccine dose to CCP donation, but inversely related to time since COVID19 breakthrough infection.DiscussionSARS‐CoV‐2 breakthrough infection in vaccinated in donors boosts nAb titers against VOCs Delta and Omicron, but such titers decay shortly after infection. Therefore, CCP must be collected early after vaccine breakthrough infection.
Biaxial Murine Vaginal Remodeling With Reproductive Aging
Authors: White Shelby E. , Kiley Jasmine X. , Visniauskas Bruna , Lindsey Sarah H. , Miller Kristin S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHigher reproductive age is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and severe vaginal tearing during delivery. Further, menopause is associated with vaginal stiffening. However, the mechanical properties of the vagina during reproductive aging before the onset of menopause are unknown. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to quantify the biaxial mechanical properties of the nulliparous murine vagina with reproductive aging. Menopause is further associated with a decrease in elastic fiber content, which may contribute to vaginal stiffening. Hence, our second objective was to determine the effect of elastic fiber disruption on the biaxial vaginal mechanical properties. To accomplish this, vaginal samples from CD-1 mice aged 2–14 months underwent extension-inflation testing protocols (n = 64 total; n = 16/age group). Then, half of the samples were randomly allocated to undergo elastic fiber fragmentation via elastase digestion (n = 32 total; 8/age group) to evaluate the role of elastic fibers. The material stiffness increased with reproductive age in both the circumferential and axial directions within the control and elastase-treated vaginas. The vagina demonstrated anisotropic mechanical behavior, and anisotropy increased with age. In summary, vaginal remodeling with reproductive age included increased direction-dependent material stiffness, which further increased following elastic fiber disruption. Further work is needed to quantify vaginal remodeling during pregnancy and postpartum with reproductive aging to better understand how age-related vaginal remodeling may contribute to an increased risk of vaginal tearing.
Type 2 diabetes classification: a data-driven cluster study of the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2) cohort
Authors: Christensen Diana Hedevang , Nicolaisen Sia K , Ahlqvist Emma , Stidsen Jacob V , Nielsen Jens Steen , Hojlund Kurt , Olsen Michael H , García-Calzón Sonia , Ling Charlotte , Rungby Jørgen , Brandslund Ivan , Vestergaard Peter , Jessen Niels , Hansen Torben , Brøns Charlotte , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Sørensen Henrik T , Thomsen Reimar W , Vaag Allan 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionA Swedish data-driven cluster study identified four distinct type 2 diabetes (T2D) clusters, based on age at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, and homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2) estimates of insulin resistance and beta-cell function. A Danish study proposed three T2D phenotypes (insulinopenic, hyperinsulinemic, and classical) based on HOMA2 measures only. We examined these two new T2D classifications using the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes cohort.Research design and methodsIn 3529 individuals, we first performed a k-means cluster analysis with a forced k-value of four to replicate the Swedish clusters: severe insulin deficient (SIDD), severe insulin resistant (SIRD), mild age-related (MARD), and mild obesity-related (MOD) diabetes. Next, we did an analysis open to alternative k-values (ie, data determined the optimal number of clusters). Finally, we compared the data-driven clusters with the three Danish phenotypes.ResultsCompared with the Swedish findings, the replicated Danish SIDD cluster included patients with lower mean HbA1c (86 mmol/mol vs 101 mmol/mol), and the Danish MOD cluster patients were less obese (mean BMI 32 kg/m2 vs 36 kg/m2). Our data-driven alternative k-value analysis suggested the optimal number of T2D clusters in our data to be three, rather than four. When comparing the four replicated Swedish clusters with the three proposed Danish phenotypes, 81%, 79%, and 69% of the SIDD, MOD, and MARD patients, respectively, fitted the classical T2D phenotype, whereas 70% of SIRD patients fitted the hyperinsulinemic phenotype. Among the three alternative data-driven clusters, 60% of patients in the most insulin-resistant cluster constituted 76% of patients with a hyperinsulinemic phenotype.ConclusionDifferent HOMA2-based approaches did not classify patients with T2D in a consistent manner. The T2D classes characterized by high insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia appeared most distinct.
Which actionable statements qualify as good practice statements In Covid-19 guidelines? A systematic appraisal
Authors: Dewidar Omar , Lotfi Tamara , Langendam Miranda , Parmelli Elena , Saz Parkinson Zuleika , Solo Karla , Chu Derek K , Mathew Joseph L , Akl Elie A , Brignardello-Petersen Romina , Mustafa Reem A , Moja Lorenzo , Iorio Alfonso , Chi Yuan , Canelo-Aybar Carlos , Kredo Tamara , Karpusheff Justine , Turgeon Alexis F , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Wiercioch Wojtek , Gerritsen Annette , Klugar Miloslav , Rojas María Ximena , Tugwell Peter , Welch Vivian Andrea , Pottie Kevin , Munn Zachary , Nieuwlaat Robby , Ford Nathan , Stevens Adrienne , Khabsa Joanne , Nasir Zil , Leontiadis Grigorios I , Meerpohl Joerg J , Piggott Thomas , Qaseem Amir , Matthews Micayla , Schünemann Holger J 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the development and quality of actionable statements that qualify as good practice statements (GPS) reported in COVID-19 guidelines.Design and settingSystematic review . We searched MEDLINE, MedSci, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), databases of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Guidelines, NICE, WHO and Guidelines International Network (GIN) from March 2020 to September 2021. We included original or adapted recommendations addressing any COVID-19 topic.Main outcome measuresWe used GRADE Working Group criteria for assessing the appropriateness of issuing a GPS: (1) clear and actionable; (2) rationale necessitating the message for healthcare practice; (3) practicality of systematically searching for evidence; (4) likely net positive consequences from implementing the GPS and (5) clear link to the indirect evidence. We assessed guideline quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool.Results253 guidelines from 44 professional societies issued 3726 actionable statements. We classified 2375 (64%) as GPS; of which 27 (1%) were labelled as GPS by guideline developers. 5 (19%) were labelled as GPS by their authors but did not meet GPS criteria. Of the 2375 GPS, 85% were clear and actionable; 59% provided a rationale necessitating the message for healthcare practice, 24% reported the net positive consequences from implementing the GPS. Systematic collection of evidence was deemed impractical for 13% of the GPS, and 39% explained the chain of indirect evidence supporting GPS development. 173/2375 (7.3%) statements explicitly satisfied all five criteria. The guidelines’ overall quality was poor regardless of the appropriateness of GPS development and labelling.ConclusionsStatements that qualify as GPS are common in COVID-19 guidelines but are characterised by unclear designation and development processes, and methodological weaknesses.
Good or best practice statements: proposal for the operationalisation and implementation of GRADE guidance
Authors: Dewidar Omar , Lotfi Tamara , Langendam Miranda W , Parmelli Elena , Saz Parkinson Zuleika , Solo Karla , Chu Derek K , Mathew Joseph L , Akl Elie A , Brignardello-Petersen Romina , Mustafa Reem A , Moja Lorenzo , Iorio Alfonso , Chi Yuan , Canelo-Aybar Carlos , Kredo Tamara , Karpusheff Justine , Turgeon Alexis F , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Wiercioch Wojtek , Gerritsen Annette , Klugar Miloslav , Rojas María Ximena , Tugwell Peter , Welch Vivian Andrea , Pottie Kevin , Munn Zachary , Nieuwlaat Robby , Ford Nathan , Stevens Adrienne , Khabsa Joanne , Nasir Zil , Leontiadis Grigorios , Meerpohl Joerg , Piggott Thomas , Qaseem Amir , Matthews Micayla , Schünemann Holger J 
Published: April 2022

An evidence-based approach is considered the gold standard for health decision-making. Sometimes, a guideline panel might judge the certainty that the desirable effects of an intervention clearly outweigh its undesirable effects as high, but the body of supportive evidence is indirect. In such cases, the application of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach for grading the strength of recommendations is inappropriate. Instead, the GRADE Working Group has recommended developing ungraded best or good practice statement (GPS) and developed guidance under which circumsances they would be appropriate.Through an evaluation of COVID-1- related recommendations on the eCOVID Recommendation Map (COVID-19.recmap.org), we found that recommendations qualifying a GPS were widespread. However, guideline developers failed to label them as GPS or transparently report justifications for their development. We identified ways to improve and facilitate the operationalisation and implementation of the GRADE guidance for GPS.Herein, we propose a structured process for the development of GPSs that includes applying a sequential order for the GRADE guidance for developing GPS. This operationalisation considers relevant evidence-to-decision criteria when assessing the net consequences of implementing the statement, and reporting information supporting judgments for each criterion. We also propose a standardised table to facilitate the identification of GPS and reporting of their development. This operationalised guidance, if endorsed by guideline developers, may palliate some of the shortcomings identified. Our proposal may also inform future updates of the GRADE guidance for GPS.
Socioeconomic risk markers of arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) infections: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Power Grace M , Vaughan Aisling M , Qiao Luxi , Sanchez Clemente Nuria , Pescarini Julia M. , Paixão Enny S. , Lobkowicz Ludmila , Raja Amber I. , Portela Souza André , Barreto Mauricio Lima , Brickley Elizabeth B. 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionArthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are of notable public health importance worldwide, owing to their potential to cause explosive outbreaks and induce debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease manifestations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the relationship between markers of socioeconomic position (SEP) and infection due to arboviruses with mosquito vectors.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, and LILACS databases to identify studies published between 1980 and 2020 that measured the association of SEP markers with arbovirus infection. We included observational studies without geographic location or age restrictions. We excluded studies from grey literature, reviews and ecological studies. Study findings were extracted and summarised, and pooled estimates were obtained using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsWe identified 36 observational studies using data pertaining to 106 524 study participants in 23 geographic locations that empirically examined the relationship between socioeconomic factors and infections caused by seven arboviruses (dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, Rift Valley fever, Sindbis, West Nile and Zika viruses). While results were varied, descriptive synthesis pointed to a higher risk of arbovirus infection associated with markers of lower SEP, including lower education, income poverty, low healthcare coverage, poor housing materials, interrupted water supply, marital status (married, divorced or widowed), non-white ethnicities and migration status. Pooled crude estimates indicated an increased risk of arboviral infection associated with lower education (risk ratio, RR 1.5 95% CI 1.3 to 1.9); I2=83.1%), interruption of water supply (RR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.3; I2=0.0%) and having been married (RR 1.5 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1; I2=85.2%).ConclusionEvidence from this systematic review suggests that lower SEP increases the risk of acquiring arboviral infection; however, there was large heterogeneity across studies. Further studies are required to delineate the relationship between specific individual, household and community-level SEP indicators and arbovirus infection risks to help inform targeted public health interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019158572.