bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral Biomineral Structures: Synthesis and Inspiring Functional Materials
Authors: Shen Lixia , Dang Mingyan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBiominerals with complex hierarchical structures present important roles, such as defense, predation, or communication, which spurs the scientists to design biomimetic strategies and mimic this microstructure. This review mainly focuses on the synthesized strategies of chiral biominerals and the inspirations in the design of the functional materials. Additive‐assisted and template‐oriented strategies can control mineral growth through intermolecular interactions, which triggers the chirality transfer from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale. Gel‐based limited space reduces the solute diffusion rate and prompts the chiral morphology or helical structure evolution. These strategies play a synergetic role in the mineralization process. This growth process is commonly dominated by the nonclassical routes, and understanding this evolved mechanism is significant for the materials synthesis. The superior performance of the chiral minerals provides sufficient inspiration for materials manufacturing. The twisted layered structure design enhances the rigidity and toughness significantly, which provides a new sight in the hard materials preparation. Chirality arrangement displays the optical characteristic, which is expected to be applied in the sensing. Finally, further directions from mechanisms, and design to production are given.
"Bifunctional Strontium‐Iron Doped Neodymium Cobaltite: A Promising Electrocatalyst for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and CO2 Electrolyzer"
Authors: Ghosh Subhrajyoti , Kakati Biraj Kumar , Jhaa Gaurav , Dabodiya Tulsi Satyavir , Basu Suddhasatwa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA novel intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode, Nd₀.₆₇Sr₀.₃₃Co₀.₈Fe₀.₂O₃‐δ (NSCF), synthesized via auto‐combustion, exhibits exceptional mixed ionic‐electronic conducting properties with a cubic perovskite structure. At 800 °C, NSCF demonstrates high electrical (1003 S cm−1) and ionic (1.676 × 10⁻2 S cm−1) conductivities, with activation energies of 0.0335 and 0.481 eV, respectively. Electronic analysis confirms its metallic nature, while the calculated oxygen migration energy (0.455 eV) correlates with experimental ionic conduction activation energy. The negative bulk oxygen vacancy formation energy (−38.70 kcal mol−1) indicates efficient oxygen reduction reaction and CO₂ electrolysis kinetics. Electrical conductivity relaxation shows non‐debye behavior, with Dchem of 5 × 10⁻⁴ cm2 s−1 and Kex of 6.450 × 10⁻⁴ cm −1s at 800 °C. NSCF exhibits low interfacial polarization resistance (0.05 Ω cm2) and area‐specific resistance (0.025 Ω cm2), further reducing to 0.014 Ω cm2 with an NSCF‐GDC Gadolinium doped ceria interlayer. An anode‐supported cell achieves peak power densities of 2.27, 1.52, and 0.86 W cm−2 at 800, 750, and 700 °C, respectively. In SOEC mode, NSCF demonstrates excellent CO₂ reduction capability of constant current density of −1.1 A cm−2 with stable 55‐h performance, which establishes its potential both as IT‐SOFC cathode and CO2 electrolysis catalysts.
Advancements in Chemical Vapor Deposited Carbon Films for Secondary Battery Applications
Authors: Kim Jiwoo , Cho Young‐Wook , Woo Sang‐Gil , Lee Je‐Nam , Lee Gwan‐Hyoung 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCarbon films, synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD), have gained significant attention in secondary battery applications, where stability and capacity are required to be improved for next‐generation electronic devices and electric vehicles. Beyond the inherent properties of carbon films, such as high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, chemical stability, and flexibility, the CVD method provides a high degree of freedom in designing the carbon films in battery applications, enabling conformal coating with structure engineering for modification of its electrical and mechanical properties. In this review, the CVD‐grown carbon films are highlighted in the secondary battery applications, enabling them to overcome critical issues, such as volume expansion, sluggish kinetics, and unstable interfaces. To deeply understand the CVD‐grown carbon films, such as graphene and amorphous carbon, a comprehensive overview of the CVD process is also provided, focusing on growth mechanisms, control of 3D morphology, and doping techniques. In addition, a broad range of applications are introduced for carbon films in battery components, including their use in cathodes, anodes, and current collectors, as well as their potential in advanced battery systems, such as lithium‐sulfur and all‐solid‐state batteries. This review proposes future directions for optimizing carbon films to achieve practical applications in next‐generation energy storage devices.
An Ultrasmall Self‐Assembled Gallic‐Acid‐Based Natural Multifunctional Defense Networks for Therapeutic Application in Calcium Oxalate Nephropathies
Authors: Zhang Quan , Yu Bang‐Xian , Long Jun , Chen Xue‐Wu , Huang Fang , Wu Wen‐Qi , Liu Yong‐Da , Zeng Guo‐Hua , Huang Ling‐Hong , Sun Xin‐Yuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractKidney stones, which have high prevalence and recurrence rates, often cause severe oxidative damage and inflammation. The ultrasmall hydrodynamic diameter of nanoparticles is crucial for their enrichment in the kidneys to exert biological activity. However, integrating crystallization inhibition and therapeutic functions into a single ultrasmall nanoparticle is challenging. A novel ultrasmall iron (Fe)–gallic acid (Ga) metal–phenolic networks (Fe–Ga MPNs) is developed for treating calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephropathies. These MPNs can specifically adsorb on the high‐energy () crystal face to inhibit the growth of CaOx monohydrate (COM), promoting the phase transition from highly toxic COM to low‐risk CaOx dihydrate. Fe–Ga MPNs have broad‐spectrum free radical scavenging abilities, reducing oxidative damage and inhibiting cell apoptosis. They exhibit sensitivity toward kidney damage, accumulating in injured renal tissue, reducing tubule injury and inflammation, improving tubule function, and inhibiting crystal formation. Fe–Ga MPNs also inhibit pro‐inflammatory macrophage polarization and upregulate anti‐inflammatory and highly phagocytic macrophage polarization. RNA sequencing analysis shows that Fe–Ga MPNs induce transcriptomic changes mainly involving immune regulation and citrate homeostasis pathways. In conclusion, the multifunctional nanonetwork Fe–Ga MPNs, with crystallization inhibition, antioxidant, and immune regulation properties, show great potential in treating CaOx nephropathies.
Early‐age behavior of fiber‐reinforced self‐compacting concrete in high strain rate
Authors: Ranjithkumar S. , Muthuraja M. , Khaderi S. N. , Suriya Prakash S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis research investigates the early‐age behavior of fiber‐reinforced self‐compacting concrete under high strain rates and static loading conditions. Concrete made with steel fibers with volume fractions of 0%, 0.5%, and 1% is tested at three strain rates at different ages (28, 14, 7, 3, and 1 day) using a split‐Hopkinson pressure bar test setup. In all three strain rates, fibers did not influence the strength up to 3 days of age. At higher ages, the strength significantly improved at all strain rates. The modulus of elasticity was decreased with the increase in fiber dosage at all ages. However, increasing fiber dosage increases energy absorption at all ages due to crack arresting and improved ductility. The energy absorption increased marginally for specimens with 0.5% and 1% dosage. Test results of elastic modulus, energy absorption, and strain rate sensitivity at different ages show that the impact application requires a minimum steel fiber volume fraction of 0.5%.
Gene expression studies of malting induced germination of barley seeds in response to Alternaria alternata infection
Authors: Bretträger Marina , Franz Veronika , Sacher Bertram , Gastl Martina , Becker Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Barley infection with Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) can impair malting quality and lead to considerable yield losses. Despite the widespread prevalence and significance of A. alternata as a plant pathogen, the intricacies of its impact on malting barley remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to improve our understanding of how malting barley responds to biotic stress conditions induced by A. alternata infection during the malting process and how this impacts the phenotypic quality characteristics of barley malt. Barley grains artificially infected with A. alternata were malted according to the standardized malting procedure, and samples were taken at 11 time points during the malting process. Gene expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated pathogen-induced alterations in the expression of malting- and stress-related genes, with the strongest differences observed within a short time after infection, during the first wet steeping, and within the first 24 h of the malting process. Standard malt quality parameters showed an impact on the phenotypic quality parameters viscosity (-8.86%), wort color (+ 25.31%), free amino nitrogen (FAN) (+ 11.90%), and β-glucan (-76.32%). A. alternata behaviour during malting was quantified using qPCR, indicating that fungal growth was favored during the aeration and germination phases. Especially in the germination phase, there was a considerable 3.5-fold increase in fungal biomass. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of A. alternata and its role in malting and emphasizes the importance of disease management and recommendations for processing affected batches to maintain high malt quality.
Barriers and enablers to exercise prehabilitation before breast cancer surgery in an Australian regional health service: patient and clinician perspective
Authors: Chiu April , Huntly Sarah , McPhee Breanna , Branson Molly , Wallen Matthew , Hennessy Declan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To identify barriers and enablers of an exercise-based prehabilitation service for surgical patients with breast cancer and medical professionals in a regional healthcare setting.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was distributed to patients with breast cancer and medical professionals from regional populations. Surveys included closed and open-ended responses. A chi-square goodness of fit test with a Fisher’s exact correction was used for quantitative analysis of the frequencies of barriers and enablers within groups. Content analysis was used for open-ended responses.

Results
Twenty-five patients and 14 clinicians participated. Patients identified psychological barriers as the lowest concern to exercise prehabilitation (χ
2(9, n = 23) = 21.78, p = .011). No other patient barriers were statistically significant. Fifty-nine percent of patients expressed interest in participation in exercise prehabilitation, with 40% citing personal fitness benefits as the leading enabler. Clinicians identified time constraints as a barrier (χ
2(2, n = 13) = 8.00, p < .05), with challenges integrating prehabilitation into pre-surgery timelines. Clinicians indicated electronic referral methods and information would be enablers for prehabilitation.

Conclusion
The study underpins the need for integrating exercise professionals into preoperative teams to address exercise prehabilitation within limited time frames. Patients do not describe psychological barriers and instead report motivation to improve fitness as an enabler of prehabilitation. Clinicians report time constraints in pre-operative appointments as a barrier to prehabilitation. Implementing electronic referral methods alongside traditional approaches may enhance prehabilitation delivery for patients receiving breast cancer surgery. Future research should leverage these findings for prehabilitation referral and program design.
Heterogeneous bilayer system of cellulose nanofibers for a moisture-enabled electric generator
Authors: Thakur Deepika , Youn Hye Jung , Hyun Jinho 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication of a bilayer system as a spontaneous power generator using an abundant natural bioresource known as cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). Although CNFs are naturally attracted to atmospheric moisture, surface functionalization is needed to generate sufficient electricity through dissociation and diffusion of oppositely charged ions. We used a heterogeneous bilayer film system based on CNFs that were chemically modified with carboxylate and quaternary ammonium functional groups to assemble a moisture-enabled electric generator (MEG) by inducing a heterogeneous distribution of mobile ions. The MEG bilayer consists of functionalized CNFs with optimum thickness and area, which enables ion dissociation and diffusion through a continuous ion-concentration gradient even at a high relative humidity (> 95%). The streaming potential and ion gradient acting on the bilayer enhance the output performance of the MEG. The thickness of the bilayer film, along with temporal variations, also influences device performance. A single unit can spontaneously produce approximately 0.7 V and 0.8 µA of output voltage and current, respectively, without the need for an external power source. When 20 MEG units are combined, they can produce up to 9.6 V of output voltage and can supply continuous energy for several hours at a power density of 7.4 µW/cm2 by storing power in capacitors. This study provides a better understanding of high-performance cellulose-based MEGs for self-powered devices.
Crafting Cities Together: Co-located Collaboration with Augmented Reality for Urban Design
Authors: Paraschivoiu Irina , Steiner Robert , Wieser Judith , Meschtscherjakov Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Augmented reality revolutionizes the way individuals interact with urban environments, fostering novel collaborative modalities in public space design. Our study introduces 'City Craft', an augmented reality application which empowers users to create and modify urban layouts by selecting, positioning, and editing 3D models collaboratively. We detail the deployment of City Craft in two field studies with 33 participants, where the application was used in public space. Results indicate that when participants were paired on a single device, collaboration was synchronous and involved shared control, whereas larger groups engaged more asynchronously. The consensus among participants is that City Craft invites a new perspective on public space, fosters creativity and a collaborative mindset. We argue in situ use of AR tools such as City Craft increases interest in participating in urban design and can aggregate different views on public space use, which can be further refined collectively. However, City Craft should be complemented with a mix of digital and analog tools across the different stages of the design process.
Can a Short-Term Intervention Promote Growth Among Parents of Children with ASD?
Authors: Baransi Nagham , Scharf Miri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of a short-term synergic growth mindset intervention towards abilities and towards stress on reducing parental stress and promoting stress-related growth (SRG) among Arab parents of children diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). One hundred and seven parents (70 mothers, 37 fathers) of male children with ASD, completed several questionnaires, including a demographic questionnaire; the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, the revised Stress- Related Growth Scale, The Implicit Self-Theories Scale, and the Stress Mindset Scale. Seventy- two parents were randomly assigned to an “intervention group”, and 35 to a comparison group. Members of the intervention group participated in a short synergic growth mindset intervention, created especially for this research. Six months after the intervention, all participants re-completed the same questionnaires. The intervention significantly increased growth mindset and SRG and decreased parental stress. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a short-term intervention in promoting growth mindsets, reducing parental stress, and fostering SRG among parents of children with a chronic disorder. These findings are particularly important since many parents of children with chronic disorders often exhibit fixed mindset patterns due to their children’s slow progress in various developmental domains.
Biological activities of hydroxyanthracene derivatives (HADs) from Aloe species and their potential uses
Authors: Merino Juan J. , Durán Alexandra G. , Chinchilla Nuria , Macías Francisco A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hydroxyanthracene derivatives (HADs) are a class of naturally occurring organic compounds known for their diverse biological activities and applications. Due to their pharmacological versatility, hydroxyanthracene derivatives represent a major area of interest in natural products research and drug development. They are found in a wide variety of organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants and some animals. One of the most important sources of HADs is the plant Aloe vera, which is particularly rich in these compounds. HADs can be divided into several types based on their chemical structure and the presence of functional groups: anthraquinones, anthrones, anthranols, anthracenols and dianthrones, with anthraquinones being the most abundant. Plants are a particularly rich source, with around 200 known anthraquinones found in roots, rhizomes, flowers and fruits. These compounds are known for their diverse biological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antiarthritic, antifungal, antibacterial and antimalarial properties. Some anthraquinones are already in clinical use and commercially available. In addition to their medicinal applications, these molecules are valuable in analytical chemistry and industrial processes such as cellulose production, and serve as dyes, agrochemicals and prototypes for the development of new bioactive molecules. Various techniques are used to extract anthraquinones from natural sources to maximize yield and preserve the integrity of the compounds. Common methods include maceration, soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, green processes and ultrasound-assisted extraction. This chapter focuses on the key properties and applications of anthraquinone from Aloe vera. Through a comprehensive review of these aspects, this chapter aims to provide a thorough understanding of the potential of anthraquinones and their diverse roles in both natural and applied sciences.
V-Static Metrics and the Volume-Renormalised Mass
Authors: McCormick Stephen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
V-static metrics generalise the notion of static metrics, and stem from the work of Miao and Tam (Calc Var Partial Differ Equ 36(2):141–171, 2009), and Corvino, Eichmair, and Miao (Math Ann 357(2):551–584, 2013) on critical points of the volume functional over the space of compact manifolds with constant scalar curvature. In this article we show that these V-static metrics arise naturally in the context of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds as critical points of the volume-renormalised mass, recently introduced by Dahl, Kröncke, and McCormick (A volume-renormalized mass for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.06196, 2023). In particular, we show that critical points of the volume-renormalised mass over the space of constant scalar curvature asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds without boundary, or satisfying appropriate boundary conditions, are exactly V-static metrics. This is directly analogous to the relationship between critical points of the ADM mass and static metrics for asymptotically flat manifolds.
Long-term clinical outcome and exercise capacity in SARS-CoV-2-positive elite athletes
Authors: Diebold Katharina , Zacher Jonas , Baum Klaus , Reuter Hannes , Schneeweis Christopher , Schramm Thomas , Schifferdecker Inga , Vassiliadis Argiris , Predel Hans-Georg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to explore the epidemiological circumstances, long-term clinical outcomes, and perceived impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on elite athletes’ sports performance. A secondary objective was to determine the sports-specific (contact vs. noncontact) prevalence of SARS-CoV‑2 among 65 SARS-CoV-2-positive athletes from the Olympic Training Center Rhineland (OSP; n = 599).

Methods
In all, 65 SARS-CoV-2-positive athletes from the German Olympic Training Center (OSP; 66% males—age: 23 ± 4 years; 34% females—age: 23 ± 5 years) participated in the panel study. Data collection occurred between June 2020 and October 2021 at two test times (t0: after a negative polymerase chain reaction [PCR] test, t1: 16 weeks after t0) through questionnaires and clinical assessments.

Results
The SARS-CoV‑2 prevalence was nearly identical in noncontact and contact-sport athletes (10.8% vs. 11.3%); 37% experienced symptoms lasting > 4 weeks. Over 50% of athletes paused their training for 4–8 weeks. At t1, 40% still experienced reduced perceived performance capacity (PPC) compared to their pre-COVID-19 level, while 64% reported ongoing limitations in sports participation, with mental and physical fatigue as the most prominent limiting factor, followed by shortness of breath and joint and muscle pain.

Conclusion
The long-term management of SARS-CoV-2-positive elite athletes should involve a comprehensive, multidimensional psychophysiological approach to address persistent sport-restricting symptoms. This approach will assist in developing tailored training protocols that allow a gradual increase in intensity and volume.
Modelling cybersecurity strategies with game theory and cyber kill chain
Authors: Kour Ravdeep , Karim Ramin , Dersin Pierre 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Digitalisation within industries has many positive opportunities but poses many cybersecurity-related threats. Cybersecurity is a critical concern for many industries, such as railway, aviation, mining, construction, healthcare, and finance, where vital information and operational security are at risk of being compromised. Today, researchers are looking into various solutions to tackle cybersecurity risks while still retaining the desired functionality of the system. However, it is believed that these challenges can be approached by integrating game theory and the cyber kill chain (CKC), which describes the different stages of a cyberattack, to understand the complexities of cybersecurity. Thus, the primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate the application of a strategic game model within the context of cybersecurity, specifically using the cyber kill chain (CKC) model. The focus is on validating the proposed strategic game model through a case study. The case study involves a scenario where defenders select strategies such as “monitor system,” “detecting system,” and “respond to attack,” while attackers choose various attack strategies like “monitoring attack,” “scan the organization's website,” and “develop malicious payloads” within the stages of the CKC. This approach aims to enhance understanding of the complex challenges and facilitate the development of effective cybersecurity solutions. This approach will help in evaluating the effectiveness of different security strategies. The proposed strategic approach uses a non-cooperative game based on mixed strategies. The authors have defined a scenario for simultaneous-move games by estimating values for various elements of the game. By analysing the behaviour of both attacker and defender, the proposed game-based model can help industries develop more effective and efficient security strategies. Further, the proposed model will provide a better understanding of the complex challenges of cybersecurity in industrial contexts. It can also be used to develop appropriate strategies to mitigate cybersecurity risks.