bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota and BMI throughout childhood: the role of firmicutes, bacteroidetes, and short-chain fatty acid producers
Authors: Houtman Timothy A. , Eckermann Henrik A. , Smidt Hauke , de Weerth Carolina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChildhood obesity is a risk factor for numerous health conditions. A critical factor in the etiology of obesity appears to be the gut microbiota, which is the microbial community that resides in the human gut. The ratio of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (F/B) and gut bacterial genera that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been suggested to contribute to obesity. The current study investigated (1) whether differences in F/B ratio can be observed in infancy and childhood in relation to zBMI in healthy children, and (2) whether an innovative proxy measure adds evidence to a relationship between SCFA producers and the etiology of obesity. Stool samples were collected at five time points, and zBMI was assessed at eight time points throughout the first 12 years of life. Our confirmatory analyses with Bayesian multilevel models showed no relationship between the F/B ratio and zBMI. Also, a proxy measure constructed from known SCFA producers was unrelated to zBMI throughout the first 12 years of life. Exploratory analyses using multilevel and random forest models suggest that the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were independently negatively associated with zBMI from infancy through childhood, and the SCFA producing genera Subdoligranulum and Alistipes were negatively related to future BMI in childhood.
Jasmonate resistant 1 and ethylene responsive factor 11 are involved in chilling sensitivity in pepper fruit (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Lee Jeong Gu , Seo Jieun , Kang Byoung-Cheorl , Choi Jeong Hee , Lee Eun Jin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPepper fruit (Capsicum annuumL.) is sensitive to chilling stress with chilling injuries occurring below 7 °C; however, chilling injuries occur at different temperatures depending on the genotype. The present study aimed to identify the factors that affect chilling sensitivity in pepper fruits. A total of 112 F2pepper fruits crossed between chilling-insensitive 'UZB-GJG-1999–51' and chilling-sensitive 'C00562' pepper were grouped according to the seed browning rate, which is a typical chilling symptom of pepper fruit under chilling conditions. Physiological traits, amino acids, fatty acids, as well asethylene responsive factor(ERF) andjasmonate resistant 1(JAR1) expression levels were analyzed, and their correlations with the seed browning rate were confirmed. The expression level ofJAR1showed a strong negative correlation with the seed browning rate (r =  − 0.7996). The expression level ofERF11and content of hydrogen peroxide showed strong positive correlation with the seed browning rate (r = 0.7622 and 0.6607, respectively). From these results, we inferred thatJAR1andERF11are important factors influencing the chilling sensitivity of pepper fruit.
Molecular dynamics simulations suggest possible activation and deactivation pathways in the hERG channel
Authors: Costa Flavio , Guardiani Carlo , Giacomello Alberto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe elusive activation/deactivation mechanism of hERG is investigated, a voltage-gated potassium channel involved in severe inherited and drug-induced cardiac channelopathies, including the Long QT Syndrome. Firstly, the available structural data are integrated by providing a homology model for the closed state of the channel. Secondly, molecular dynamics combined with a network analysis revealed two distinct pathways coupling the voltage sensor domain with the pore domain. Interestingly, some LQTS-related mutations known to impair the activation/deactivation mechanism are distributed along the identified pathways, which thus suggests a microscopic interpretation of their role. Split channels simulations clarify a surprising feature of this channel, which is still able to gate when a cut is introduced between the voltage sensor domain and the neighboring helix S5. In summary, the presented results suggest possible activation/deactivation mechanisms of non-domain-swapped potassium channels that may aid in biomedical applications.
ITK independent development of Th17 responses during hypersensitivity pneumonitis driven lung inflammation
Authors: Elmore Jessica , Carter Chavez , Redko Amie , Koylass Nicholas , Bennett Amelia , Mead Max , Ocasio-Rivera Marinel , Huang Weishan , Singh Ankur , August Avery 
Published: February 2022

AbstractT helper 17 (Th17) cells develop in response to T cell receptor signals (TCR) in the presence of specific environments, and produce the inflammatory cytokine IL17A. These cells have been implicated in a number of inflammatory diseases and represent a potential target for ameliorating such diseases. The kinase ITK, a critical regulator of TCR signals, has been shown to be required for the development of Th17 cells. However, we show here that lung inflammation induced by Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (SR) induced Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (SR-HP) results in a neutrophil independent, and ITK independent Th17 responses, although ITK signals are required for γδ T cell production of IL17A. Transcriptomic analysis of resultant ITK independent Th17 cells suggest that the SR-HP-induced extrinsic inflammatory signals may override intrinsic T cell signals downstream of ITK to rescue Th17 responses in the absence of ITK. These findings suggest that the ability to pharmaceutically target ITK to suppress Th17 responses may be dependent on the type of inflammation.
A seafood risk tool for assessing and mitigating chemical and pathogen hazards in the aquaculture supply chain
Authors: Stentiford G. D. , Peeler E. J. , Tyler C. R. , Bickley L. K. , Holt C. C. , Bass D. , Turner A. D. , Baker-Austin C. , Ellis T. , Lowther J. A. , Posen P. E. , Bateman K. S. , Verner-Jeffreys D. W. , van Aerle R. , Stone D. M. , Paley R. , Trent A. , Katsiadaki I. , Higman W. A. , Maskrey B. H. , Devlin M. J. , Lyons B. P. , Hartnell D. M. , Younger A. D. , Bersuder P. , Warford L. , Losada S. , Clarke K. , Hynes C. , Dewar A. , Greenhill B. , Huk M. , Franks J. , Dal-Molin F. , Hartnell R. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntricate links between aquatic animals and their environment expose them to chemical and pathogenic hazards, which can disrupt seafood supply. Here we outline a risk schema for assessing potential impacts of chemical and microbial hazards on discrete subsectors of aquaculture—and control measures that may protect supply. As national governments develop strategies to achieve volumetric expansion in seafood production from aquaculture to meet increasing demand, we propose an urgent need for simultaneous focus on controlling those hazards that limit its production, harvesting, processing, trade and safe consumption. Policies aligning national and international water quality control measures for minimizing interaction with, and impact of, hazards on seafood supply will be critical as consumers increasingly rely on the aquaculture sector to supply safe, nutritious and healthy diets.
A cascade of care analysis on the elimination of hepatitis C from public hospitals in Madrid
Authors: Lazarus Jeffrey V. , Villota-Rivas Marcela , Fernández Inmaculada , Gea Francisco , Ryan Pablo , López Sonia Alonso , Guy Danielle , Calleja José Luis , García-Samaniego Javier 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Direct-acting antivirals can cure ≥95% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) cases, but do not reach everyone in need. This cross-sectional study analyses the HCV cascade of care (CoC) in Madrid, Spain, in high-risk patients, to inform micro-elimination measures.

Methods
From September 2019 to May 2021, data from medical records were collected and analysed from six public hospitals in Madrid, including seven adult, high-risk patient groups: patients in haemodialysis or pre-dialysis programmes, co-infected with HIV, with advanced liver disease (ALD), with hereditary haematological diseases, with transplants and people who inject drugs (PWID).

Results
Here we present an analysis of 3994 patients (68.8% male), 91.2% were tested for anti-HCV and 28.9% were positive. Of the total, 34.5% were tested for HCV–RNA and 62.4% of these were positive. Of those HCV–RNA positive, 98.0% were treatment-eligible: in 7.4%, treatment is ongoing and in 89.3% completed. Of the latter, 92.2% obtained a sustained virological response 12 weeks post treatment (SVR12). Of those with ongoing or completed treatment, 9.8% experienced loss to follow-up (LTFU) or had unknown SVR12, 50.3% developed hepatic and 20.3% extrahepatic complications. ALD patients had the highest proportion of HCV–RNA positives (32.5%). The lowest proportion of patients treated were PWID (85.2%).

Conclusions
Almost one in ten high-risk patients in six of Madrid’s public hospitals remains untested for HCV antibodies. An almost equal percentage of those untested have experienced LTFU, with the highest proportion in PWID. This approach to monitoring the HCV CoC is vital to inform measures to eliminate HCV in hospitals.
Hydroboration of CO2 catalyzed by heteroscorpionate zwitterionic zinc and magnesium hydride complexes
Authors: He Wenhao , Liu Xinli , Cui Dongmei 
Published: February 2022

The heteroscorpionate metal hydride complex LZnH 2, LMgH 5 (L = (MePz)2CP(Ph)2NPh, MePz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl), and formate complex 3, were synthesized and utilized for the catalytic hydroboration reaction of CO2.
Giant coercivity and spin clusters in high pressure polymorphs of Mn2LiReO6.
Authors: Solana-Madruga Elena , Ritter Clemens , Mentré Olivier , Attfield J. Paul , Arévalo-López Ángel M. 
Published: February 2022

New high-pressure ordered-ilmenite and double-perovskite polymorphs of Mn2LiReO6 are unprecedented A-site manganites with B/B′ +/7+ oxidation states. They show cluster spin-cluster-glass behaviour and giant coercivity without spin–orbit-coupling.
Speech-Language Pathologist's Role in Understanding and Promoting Self-Advocacy in Autistic Adults
Authors: Santhanam Siva priya , Bellon-Harn Monica L. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
This tutorial introduces speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to strategies that promote and support self-advocacy among autistic college students. The discussion for this tutorial is grounded within the framework of the social model of disability and the need for addressing environmental barriers to communication and self-advocacy.

Method:
We provide a self-advocacy framework to guide SLPs in developing programs for autistic adults. We describe factors that impact self-advocacy in autistic college students and the role of university-based SLPs and speech-language pathology graduate students in program implementation. Scenarios and examples are included to aid SLPs in implementing the recommendations.

Conclusions:
Self-advocacy is a predictor of retention, adaptation, and graduation of autistic postsecondary students. Prior research on autistic self-advocacy is minimal, and guidance for SLPs on promoting and supporting self-advocacy of their autistic clients is limited. SLPs play a very important role as they can increase understanding and appreciation for autistic social communication differences among nonautistic peers and professors and address autistic stigma through meaningful engagement of autistic individuals in planning and program development.
Incremental state model in predictive control: A new fuzzy control proposal for nonlinear systems
Authors: Al‐Hadithi Basil Mohammed , Adánez José Miguel , Comina Mayra , Jiménez Agustín 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, a fuzzy predictive optimal control for multivariable nonlinear systems with pure time delays is presented. Therefore, dynamic local linear state models are used at each point of the state space obtained by fuzzy Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) modelling. The modelling error is considered as white noise, and the state is observed using the Kalman Filter (KF). This method does not take into account possible input constraints. Therefore, it applies to systems where there are no saturation problems. In this work, a new approach in the Model Predictive Control (MPC) method is proposed by calculating the control signal increment as a function of the error between a reference state vector and the prediction at N‐steps of the state vector instead of using the traditional MPC approach which is based on calculating the error between a reference and the predicted output. The proposed method has a satisfactory tracking performance. The main feature of the proposed method is that it attains computational savings compared to other methods that have used incremental state models, which making it more appropriate for real‐time applications.
Non‐unit protection scheme for HVDC transmission lines based on energy of voltage difference
Authors: Mehrabi‐Kooshki Mohammad , Mirhosseini Seyed Sattar , Jamali Sadegh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a non‐unit protection scheme for LCC‐HVDC transmission lines based on the energy of voltage difference. The change in the line average voltage is used to detect the fault, whilst faulted pole selection criterion is calculated by using the ratio of the average voltage change at positive and negative poles. The protection criterion calculated as the energy of second‐order difference of the DC line voltage determines whether the fault is internal or external. Numerous simulation and field data test are performed to validate effectiveness of the proposed scheme under a vast variety of fault conditions. The tests include different types of internal and external faults, sensitivity to transferred power variation, sampling frequency, length of data window, change of smoothing reactor, effect of lightning interference, change of the line length, change of the operation mode, and effect of noise. The scheme is a single‐end protection method and does not require sophisticated computations.
Topological review of hybrid RES based multi‐port converters
Authors: Yalla Satya Prasanth , Subudhi Partha Sarathi , Ramachandaramurthy Vigna Kumaran 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDepletion of natural resources like gas, oil, coal along with environment pollution increased the popularity of the Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Power Electronic converters are utilized for conversion of power from RES to coordinate the stand‐alone load and utility grid. MPPT control is also established by these converters to supply the standalone or grid‐connected load despite of the RES's unpredictable nature. In order to reduce the number of switches used for integrating RES to drive loads, Multi‐port converters are developed. These converters have the capability to supply more than one load simultaneously. Furthermore, more number of RESs are connected using these converters in order to drive common loads. Available literatures do not explain in detail regarding various types of multi‐output converters, their advantages, disadvantages, application area and control techniques used in order to drive these converters. In this context, a review of recent advances in multi‐port DC‐DC converters for different application using hybrid RESs is carried out. Initially in literature, few DC‐DC converters are connected in parallel, series configuration and used as multi‐port converters. Multi‐stage conversion is realized using DC‐AC‐DC conversion. Advantages of conventional converters are integrated in order to develop derived multi‐output converters. These multi‐port converters have the capability to drive both DC and AC loads from a single DC input source. The converters share common power electronics equipment while generating both DC and AC power simultaneously. Furthermore, these multi‐port converters also use single step power conversion process which reduces the overall system loss. As these hybrid multi‐port converters use lesser number of power electronic switches, the control complexity of these converters reduces compared to the conventional converters connected in cascaded or parallel manner to drive loads. A detailed review of these multi‐port converters with respect to topologies, and operating principle, diverse reliability and effectiveness are presented in this paper. This survey helps designers to select the appropriate RES‐based multi‐port converters for their respective applications.
Range and Doppler reconstruction for sparse frequency agile linear frequency modulation‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing radar
Authors: Liu Zhixing , Quan Yinghui , Wu Yaojun , Xu Kaijie , Xing Mengdao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSparse frequency agile linear frequency modulation‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (LFM‐OFDM) radar can improve anti‐interference ability as well as reduce the sampling rate of the radar system. However, the frequency agility makes it difficult to realize coherent processing by using the fast Fourier transform. To overcome this problem, a signal processing scheme for the sparse frequency agile LFM‐OFDM radar is proposed to obtain the high range and Doppler resolution in this study. The subcarriers are synthesised to an LFM signal in the time domain at first. Then, within the framework of the compressed sensing theory, an improved orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is proposed to obtain the high‐resolution range‐velocity profile while reducing the computation complexity. Finally, several numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method for moving targets.
Assessing the impact of translation guidelines in Wikipedia
Authors: Góngora-Goloubintseff José Gustavo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wikipedia is a multilingual, user-driven online encyclopaedia available in 325 languages and language varieties. Such linguistic diversity has drawn the attention of translation scholars over the past decade. Previous research has addressed, among other issues, the quality of translated Wikipedia entries, the motivations driving editors-translators, and the taxing negotiations behind editorial changes. Nevertheless, the processes underpinning translation practices in the encyclopaedia have often been overlooked. Consequently, this paper adopts a praxeological approach to translation by analysing documented standards across four Wikipedia language communities and the extent to which 16 experienced translators have assimilated them. The findings suggest that Wikipedia guidelines on translation have slight but tangible differences across the communities under investigation. Moreover, the interview data showed a tendency among participants to attach more importance to cross-wiki editing policies than to any local translation guidelines. This preference ultimately reinforces previous claims that translation and editing in Wikipedia form a continuum.
Kink as a Form of Leisure: Kinky Events and the People who Love Them
Authors: Webster Craig , Ivanov Stanislav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a popularization of non-mainstream sexual/cultural practices. The sensation of Fifty Shades of Grey has led to the general public becoming increasingly aware of the kink/BDSM lifestyle. The BDSM/kink/sado-masochist lifestyle has largely thrived under the radar of many in the general public and the subculture/lifestyle has organized and held events for decades. In this article, we discuss the various events of the kink/BDSM subculture/lifestyle and illustrate the importance of the non-play events for those in the lifestyle. The authors have fielded two ground-breaking global surveys that delve into the prevailing social institution of the kink/BDSM lifestyle, The Munch, an event in which no BDSM activities take place. The intention of this research is to show the methods that participants and organizers use in order to protect the identity of those attending non-play BDSM events that take place in the general public. The findings show that those participating in munches, a popular form of non-play events, tend to use their real names, although there is a large minority that do not. The analysis intends to give insight into those who operate below the radar of society and still have a vibrant social scene.

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A publication of Vancouver Island University World Leisure Centre of Excellence
© Craig Webster and Stanislav Ivanov 2020
Does performing resistance exercise to failure homogenize the training stimulus by accounting for differences in local muscular endurance?
Authors: Exner Ryan J. , Patel Mana H. , Whitener Dominic V. , Buckner Samuel L. , Jessee Matthew B. , Dankel Scott J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe prescription of resistance exercise often involves administering a set number of repetitions to be completed at a given relative load. While this accounts for individual differences in strength, it neglects to account for differences in local muscle endurance and may result in varied responses across individuals. One way of potentially creating a more homogenous stimulus across individuals involves performing resistance exercise to volitional failure, but this has not been tested and was the purpose of the present study. Individuals completed 2 testing sessions to compare repetitions, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), muscle swelling and fatigue responses to arbitrary repetition (SET) vs. failure (FAIL) protocols using either 60% or 30% one‐repetition maximum. Statistical analyses assessed differences in the variability between protocols. Forty‐six individuals (25 females and 21 males) completed the study. There was more variability in the number of repetitions completed during FAIL when compared to SET protocols. Performing the 60% 1RM condition to failure appeared to reduce the variability in muscle swelling (average variance: 60%‐SET = .034, 60%‐FAIL = .023) and RPE (average variance: 60%‐SET = 4.0, 60%‐FAIL = 2.5), but did not alter the variability in muscle fatigue. No differences in variability were present between the SET‐30% and FAIL‐30% protocols for any of the dependent variables. Performing resistance exercise to failure may result in a more homogenous stimulus across individuals, particularly when using moderate to high exercise loads. The prescription of resistance exercise should account for individual differences in local muscle endurance to ensure a similarly effective stimulus across individuals.Highlights

There is a large variance in the number of repetitions individuals can complete even when exercising with the same relative load.
Ratings of perceived exertion and muscle swelling responses become more homogenous when exercising to volitional failure as compared to using performing a set number of repetitions, particularly when moderate to higher loads are used.
The prescription of exercise should take into consideration the individual's local muscle endurance as opposed to choosing an arbitrary number of repetitions to be completed at a given relative load.