bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population origin determines the adaptive potential for the advancement of flowering onset in Lupinus angustifolius L. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Sacristán‐Bajo Sandra , García‐Fernández Alfredo , Lara‐Romero Carlos , Prieto‐Benítez Samuel , Tabarés Pablo , Morente‐López Javier , Rubio Teso María Luisa , Alameda‐Martín Aitor , Torres Elena , Iriondo José María 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the present framework of global warming, it is unclear whether evolutionary adaptation can happen quick enough to preserve the persistence of many species. Specifically, we lack knowledge about the adaptive potential of the different populations in relation to the various constraints that may hamper particular adaptations. There is evidence indicating that early flowering often provides an adaptive advantage to plants in temperate zones in response to global warming. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the adaptive potential for advancing flowering onset in Lupinus angustifolius L. (Fabaceae). Seeds from four populations from two contrasting latitudes in Spain were collected and sown in a common garden environment. Selecting the 25% of the individuals that flowered earlier in the first generation, over three generations, three different early flowering selection lines were established, involving both self‐crosses and outcrosses. All artificial selection lines advanced their flowering significantly with respect to the control line in the northernmost populations, but not in the southern ones. Selection lines obtained from outcrossing had a greater advancement in flowering than those from self‐crossing. No differences were found in the number or weight of the seeds produced between control and artificial selection lines, probably because plants in the common garden were drip irrigated. These results suggest that northern populations may have a greater adaptive potential and that southern populations may be more vulnerable in the context of climate warming. However, earlier flowering was also associated with changes in other traits (height, biomass, shoot growth, specific leaflet area, and leaflet dry matter content), and the effects of these changes varied greatly depending on the latitude of the population and selection line. Assessments of the ability of populations to cope with climate change through this and other approaches are essential to manage species and populations in a more efficient way.
Social support in a parenting Facebook group during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Hooper Alison , Schweiker Claire , Kerch Cailin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis paper includes a mixed methods content analysis of a parenting Facebook group focused on COVID‐19. We analyze participants' posts to identify the types of support parents sought and gave.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has resulted in increased parental stress and challenges related to children's development. Many families turned to social media as a source of information and social support.MethodWe analyzed 1,180 posts from a large, closed Facebook group focused on parenting during COVID‐19. We coded posts using a modified version of social support theory and supplemented this analysis with codes related to giving and receiving support, post format, and topic.ResultsParticipants frequently offered informational support, typically reposting content from other sources. There were fewer instances of soliciting support, but these posts had significantly more comments. The most common topics discussed were parenting and child development, remote schooling support, literacy, and adult mental health.ConclusionFindings illustrate the benefits and challenges of online support communities for parents, especially those on social media platforms.ImplicationsThese results suggest areas where parents may need or want support during and after COVID‐19 and ways in which social media can serve as a form of parenting social support.
Problem‐based shared decision making: The role of canonical SDM steps
Authors: Montori Victor M. , Ruissen Merel M. , Branda Megan E. , Hargraves Ian G. , Kunneman Marleen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the extent to which the canonical steps of shared decision making (SDM) take place in clinical encounters in practice and across SDM forms.MethodsWe assessed 100 randomly selected video‐recorded primary care encounters, obtained as part of a randomized trial of an SDM intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two coders, working independently, noted each instance of SDM, classified it as one of four problem‐based forms to SDM (weighing alternatives, negotiating conflicting issues, solving problems, or developing existential insight), and noted the occurrence and timing of each of the four canonical SDM steps: fostering choice awareness, providing information, stating preferences, and deciding. Descriptive analyses sought to determine the relative frequency of these steps across each of the four SDM forms within each encounter.ResultsThere were 485 SDM steps noted (mean 4.85 steps per encounter), of which providing information and stating preferences were the most common. There were 2.7 (38 steps in 14 encounters) steps per encounter observed in encounters with no discernible SDM form, 3.4 (105 steps in 31 encounters) with one SDM form, 5.2 (129 steps in 25 encounters) with two SDM forms, and 7.1 (213 steps in 30 encounters) when ≥3 SDM forms were observed within the encounter. The prescribed order of the four SDM steps was observed in, at best, 16 of the 100 encounters. Stating preferences was a common step when weighing alternatives (38%) or negotiating conflicts (59.3%) but less common when solving problems (29.2%). The distribution of SDM steps was similar to usual care with or without the SDM intervention.ConclusionThe normative steps of SDM are infrequently observed in their prescribed order regardless of whether an SDM intervention was used. Some steps are more likely in some SDM forms but no pattern of steps appears to distinguish among SDM forms.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01293578.
For autistic persons by autistic persons: Acceptability of a structured peer support service according to key stakeholders
Authors: Valderrama Alena , Martinez Alejandra , Charlebois Kathleen , Guerrero Lucila , Forgeot d'Arc Baudouin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionSocial support is a protective factor in the mental health of autistic people. Furthermore, prejudice regarding autistic people is a constraint for the development of social support programmes by autistic peers.MethodsThe objective of this study is to describe the anticipated acceptability of structured peer support programmes for and by autistic persons. Fifteen key stakeholders (six autistic adults, four caregivers and five service providers) participated in in‐depth semistructured interviews. A qualitative thematic analysis of the content of the verbatim was carried out.FindingsWe found that while a structured peer social support programme is acceptable to autistic people and caregivers, there was no consensus among service providers. The latter expressed doubts about the ability of autistic people to offer support. The framing of discussions between peers, the training of peer helpers, the support for autistic leadership and an organization that considers the communicational and sensory characteristics of autistic persons, could influence adherence to such a programme. Moreover, a space without service providers is an important condition for the acceptability of a peer support programme.ConclusionA structured peer support service for and by autistic persons could be an innovative way to answer the unmet support needs of autistic people. It seems essential to anticipate potential barriers and facilitators and to communicate among health professionals to promote this approach and reduce possible prejudice about the ability of autistic people to offer support to their peers. More studies are necessary.Patient or Public ContributionFifteen key stakeholders who are involved in autistic people's trajectory of service and support participated in this research. We are a research team composed of healthcare professionals and researchers, in addition to one member of our team being an autistic advocate and a mental health peer‐support mentor. Two members of our team are also parents of autistic children. The comprehensibility of the questions for the interview was consulted and discussed with one autistic advocate‐collaborator.
Women's experiences along the ovarian cancer diagnostic pathway in Catalonia: A qualitative study
Authors: Vela‐Vallespín Carmen , Medina‐Perucha Laura , Jacques‐Aviñó Constanza , Codern‐Bové Núria , Harris Meggan , Borras Josep M. , Marzo‐Castillejo Mercè 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of symptoms and prompt diagnosis of ovarian cancer are considered important avenues for improving patient experiences and outcomes.MethodsThis qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to perform patient interviews, collecting individual accounts of the prediagnostic phase in women diagnosed and treated for ovarian cancer in 2016–2017. Purposive sampling was used to obtain a diverse sample of 24 participants, while thematic content analysis was used to extract themes and subthemes from interview data.ResultsThree themes and nine subthemes were identified. The first theme was women's delay in recognizing symptoms and seeking care, with subthemes on the lack of knowledge about early signs of ovarian cancer, gender‐related barriers and false reassurance from negative test results. A second theme was missed opportunities during healthcare encounters, due to misattribution of women's symptoms by their physicians, underestimation of symptom severity and need for mediation and inadequate tests and/or false negative results. Finally, interviews highlighted the use of resources and alternative healthcare pathways, including complementary/alternative medicines, access to private health care and women's capacity for action and decision‐making (agency) about their health.ConclusionDelayed diagnosis of ovarian cancer is rooted in both individual factors (lack of health literacy, reluctance to seek care) and systemic issues (missed opportunities in healthcare encounters, access to timely specialist care). Further research is needed to investigate the extent to which traditional gender roles and socioeconomic inequalities condition women's ability to manage their own health and to interact with health professionals and the health system.Patient and Public ContributionIn addition to the patient participation during the interviews, one author was a representative of a patient association.
Structural, thermal, and DC conductivity properties of WO3–P2O5 glasses doped with B2O3
Authors: Pershina Svetlana V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, glasses in composition 70WO3–(30 − х)P2O5–хB2O3 (0 ≤ х ≤ 20 mol%) were prepared by melt quenching method. The glass formation, structure, and thermal and electrical properties are discussed. Homogeneous glasses were obtained at x = 0–10 mol% B2O3, whereas glasses with x = 15 and 20 contain microinclusions of WO3. The glass transition temperature decreases from 709 to 531.6°C with increasing B2O3 content, as well as the crystallization temperature and the thermal stability. The structure of the glasses was studied by Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The Raman spectra are characterized by a band near 995 cm−1, a broad band at 788–800 cm−1, and a band near 675 cm−1 ascribed to vibrations of W–O–P, W–O–W, and P–O–B bonds, respectively. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectra show vibrational bands due to characteristic phosphate and borate groups. Tetrahedral BO4 units prevail in the structural network. The electrical conductivity of the glasses decreased with x content due to the growth of WO3‐deficient regions.
C‐reactive protein as a prognostic predictor for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer after intravesical bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy: A Japan Urological Oncology Group study analysis
Authors: Nishikawa Ryoma , Miyake Makito , Morizane Shuichi , Shimizu Ryutaro , Teraoka Shogo , Honda Masashi , Iida Kota , Nishimura Nobutaka , Sazuka Tomokazu , Kimura Takahiro , Ito Akihiro , Shiga Kenichiro , Taoka Rikiya , Kojima Takahiro , Kobayashi Takashi , Nishiyama Naotaka , Kitamura Hiroshi , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Takenaka Atsushi 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the involvement of pretreatment C‐reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prognosis of patients who underwent intravesical bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) therapy for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 1709 patients with NMIBC who underwent initial intravesical BCG therapy after transurethral resection of bladder tumor were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the outcome of intravesical BCG therapy in a multicenter study conducted by the Japan Urological Oncology Group. The prognoses of these patients were analyzed to determine whether the biomarkers (CRP and NLR) could predict the efficacy of intravesical BCG therapy. Patients were divided into two groups according to the pretreatment CRP and NLR, with cutoff values defined as CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dl and NLR ≥ 2.5, based on several previous reports.ResultsIn the univariable analysis, CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dl was significantly associated with intravesical recurrence, cancer‐specific survival, and bladder cancer (BC) progression, while NLR ≥ 2.5 was not significantly associated with patient prognosis. In the multivariable analysis, CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dl was significantly associated with intravesical recurrence and BC progression. The concordance index was used to examine the accuracy in predicting recurrence and progression events. While CRP was slightly, though not statistically significant, inferior to the European Association of Urology risk classification, the combination of them showed improved predictive accuracy.ConclusionThis study suggests that CRP can be a prognostic factor after intravesical BCG therapy and may provide useful data for determining treatment and follow‐up strategies for patients with NMIBC.
An assessment of post‐graduation residency plans of international doctoral graduates in the United States and economic status of their country of origin: The case of sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Ayivor Sandra , Mensah Wisdom Y. , Yang Hongwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the economic status of the country of origin of US doctoral graduates from the sub‐Saharan African region and their post‐graduation residency plans. The National Science Foundation's 2012–2017 Survey of Earned Doctorates provided data for the study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and contingency table analysis. The results revealed an association between the economic status of the country of origin and the post‐graduation residency plan. Sixty percent of students from the low‐income and lower‐middle‐income categories expressed an intention to stay in the United States after graduation. The study concluded that the economic status has a relationship with the decision of sub‐Saharan African doctoral students' residency plans. The recommendation is that sub‐Saharan African countries introduce and implement policies that incentivize high‐calibre personnel trained abroad to return to their home country.
Global patterns and drivers of herbivorous eriophyoid mite species diversity
Authors: Li Ni , Sun Jing‐Tao , Yin Yue , Hong Xiao‐Yue , Xue Xiao‐Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimEnvironmental drivers and host richness play key roles in affecting herbivore diversity. However, the relative effects of these factors and their effects on lineages characterized by high host specificity are not well known. In this study, we explored the extent to which contemporary climate, Quaternary climate change, habitat heterogeneity and host plants determine the species richness and endemism patterns of herbivorous eriophyoid mites.LocationGlobal.TaxonEriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea).MethodsWe compiled a dataset comprising 4278 eriophyoid mite species from 22,973 occurrence sites based on a comprehensive search of the published literature and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) as a basis for predicting their global distribution patterns. We measured the association of environmental variables and host plant richness with species richness and endemism of eriophyoid mites through multiple regression analyses using a simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model, an ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a random forest model. We examined the direct and indirect effects of these environmental variables and the host plant richness on eriophyoid mite diversity using structural equation models (SEMs).ResultsThe species richness and endemism patterns of eriophyoid mites are concentrated in temperate regions. Contemporary climate, Quaternary climate change, habitat heterogeneity and host plants all significantly affected eriophyoid mite richness, while Quaternary climate change, habitat heterogeneity and host plants contributed to the eriophyoid mite endemism. Abiotic factors indirectly influenced the species richness and endemism of eriophyoid mites, via biotic factors—host plants.Main ConclusionsThe species richness and endemism of eriophyoid mites peak in temperate regions, opposite to the patterns of plants and some other organisms. Complex interactions among biotic and abiotic factors shape the current eriophyoid mite species diversity.
Towards an understanding of future range shifts in lichens and mosses under climate change
Authors: Mallen‐Cooper Max , Rodríguez‐Caballero Emilio , Eldridge David J. , Weber Bettina , Büdel Burkhard , Höhne Hermann , Cornwell Will K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimLichens and mosses play important functional roles in all terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in tundra and drylands. As with all taxa, to maintain their current niche in a changing climate, lichens and mosses will have to migrate. However, there are no published estimates of future habitat suitability or necessary rates of migration for members of these groups at the global scale.TaxonLichens and mosses.LocationGlobal.MethodsUsing global occurrence data, we conducted ensemble distribution models in the ‘biomod2’ R package, parameterised with a range of climatic, land use and soil variables, to estimate current and future (2100) habitat suitability in 16 abundant species of lichen and moss.ResultsWithout considering dispersal limitation, suitable area was forecast to expand for eight species and decline for four species. For species with predominantly boreo‐arctic distributions, suitable area typically declined at the temperate range edge and expanded across the High Arctic. Future suitable area available to dryland‐adapted species generally declined overall, likely relating to the desiccation‐tolerant physiology of lichens and mosses. The average migration rates required for species to disperse into new suitable habitat ranged from 1.7 (Placidium squamulosum) to 9.0 km year−1 (Syntrichia ruralis), although most species will need to migrate >16 km year−1 to completely fill their potential future suitable habitat.Main ConclusionsFor mosses and lichens, as with all species, migration will be an important part of the adjustment to a warmer climate, but realisation of these potential migrations will require both rare dispersal events and habitat that is suitable in non‐climatic dimensions. Current evidence on dispersal in these groups suggests that these geographical shifts may be unlikely to be realised without intervention, especially in landscapes that are highly modified by humans.
Feasibility and safety of zero‐fluoroscopy left bundle branch pacing: An initial experience
Authors: Ramos‐Maqueda Javier , Melero‐Polo Jorge , Montilla‐Padilla Isabel , Ruiz‐Arroyo José Ramón , Cabrera‐Ramos Mercedes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionLeft bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has emerged in recent years as a new pacing modality, providing patients with a narrower paced QRS than conventional pacing and stable pacing parameters. At the same time, there is a growing concern about the use of fluoroscopy in pacemaker implantations, given its harmful effects on both patients and operators. However, there are no prior experiences of zero‐fluoroscopy in LBBP procedure.MethodsWe conducted an observational prospective study recruiting consecutive patients that underwent zero‐fluoroscopy LBBP pacemaker implantation. A 6‐month follow‐up visit was programmed for every patient. The main goal of our study was to assess the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of the procedure.ResultsFrom January 2021 to February 2022, we included 10 patients, 8 males. The average age was 63 ± 4 years. The procedure was successful in all patients. We observed a significant reduction in paced QRS width compared with basal QRS width (149 ± 31.9 vs. 116 ± 15.6 ms, p = .02). All device parameters remained stable at 6‐month follow‐up: no significant differences in mean impedance (700.5 ± 136.4 vs. 494 ± 72.7 Ohm, p = .09), capture threshold (0.67 ± 0.2 vs. 0.83 ± 0.2 V @ 0.4 ms, p = .27) or endocardial V‐wave amplitude (10.6 ± 5.2 vs. 13.9 ± 6.3 mV, p = .19). No complications were reported in any case.ConclusionZero‐fluoroscopy LBBP is feasible and safe, and it may be considered in cases where radiation exposure is contraindicated or especially undesirable. Future randomized clinical trials are needed for the widespread use of this new technique.
Salivary non‐apoptotic tumoral microvesicles: A potential progressive marker in oral cancer patients
Authors: Man Qi‐Wen , Li Rui‐Fang , Bu Lin‐Lin , Zhao Yi , Liu Bing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTumour cell‐secreted microvesicles (MVs) contribute immensely to tumour progression. However, the role of tumoral salivary MVs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. Herein, we elucidated the role of non‐apoptotic salivary tumoral MVs in OSCC development, especially relating to the migration ability. We purified and compared non‐apoptotic salivary tumoral MVs from 63 OSCC patients and orthotopic OSCC mice model. Next, we compared the protein difference between apoptotic and non‐apoptotic MVs by Western blot, proteomics and flow cytometry from saliva and CAL27 cells. Finally, we collected the non‐apoptotic MVs and co‐cultured with normal oral epithelial cells, the migration ability was examined by wound healing assay and Western blot assay. Our results indicated that the levels of non‐apoptotic tumoral S‐MVs were significantly higher in OSCC patients with T3 to T4 stages than in patients with T1 to T2 stages or healthy donors. In OSCC mice model, we found elevations of non‐apoptotic tumoral MVs associated with tumoral volume. EGFR overexpression increased the generation of non‐apoptotic tumoral MVs which could significantly promote normal epithelial cell migration. In conclusion, elevated levels of non‐apoptotic tumoral S‐MVs are associated with clinicopathologic features of OSCC patients, implying that non‐apoptotic tumoral S‐MVs are a potential progressive marker of OSCC.