bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correction of Convicts in Operational, Educational and Psychological Work of Penitentiary System
Authors: Izakson Raisa , Pak Ivan 
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the ways to achieve the goal of the penal legislation — the correction of convicts — from the point of view of educational, psychological and operational work. The authors prove their findings by providing statistics for 2020. The authors pay attention to the fact that the main goal of a penitentiary system is to correct a convict. If so, then failure in achieving this goal only leads to the isolation of the criminogenic subject from society for a certain period of time, but after leaving places of imprisonment, people commit crimes again.
Due to the fact that convicts have changed over the past few decades, the authorized bodies and officials need to work precisely in accordance with the characteristics of the “today's” convict. Thus, the most common crimes leading to imprisonment nowadays are various types of theft and injury as well as drugs and psychotropic substances trafficking. The authors attempted to outline some topical issues in operational, educational and psychological work of the penal system bodies.
Energy Inflow into the Magnetosphere and Its Distribution During Magnetic Storm
Authors: Degtyarev Vitalii , Popov George , Chudnenko Svetlana 
Published: January 2022

The energy inflow from the solar wind into the magnetosphere and its dissipation in the circular current and auroral ionosphere during maximums of magnetic storm intensity are considered. All magnetic storms with Dst intensities from –18 nT to –422 nT for the period from 1996 to 2014 were divided into groups. For each group, the mean contribution of energy from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and subsequent characteristics of the energy dissipation in the auroral ionosphere and circular current were determined by the superposed epoch analysis method. The nonlinearity of the dependence of the intensity of magnetic storms on the energy coming from the solar wind into the magnetosphere was revealed. Anomalous behavior of magnetic storms with intensity |Dst| > 200 nT was detected. A discussion of the results is given.
Monstrous animal siblings in Europe
Authors: Ermacora Davide 
Published: January 2022

Reports of women giving birth to a baby together with an animal (toad, mouse, bird, etc.), are documented in Europe from the 1100s onwards: the most important traditions of which are the frater Salernitanorum and the sooterkin. Throughout the centuries, authors have typically attempted to explain monstrous animal siblings in the light of contemporary medical knowledge. The present paper compares the medieval frater Salernitanorum with the later sooterkin and investigates both in historico-folklore terms. It argues that it is important to understand monstrous birth traditions not only in the light of medical history, but as beliefs and narratives actively shared through acts of communication. In so doing, this article is informed by both the history of medicine and folklore studies.
Evaluation of the Apically Extruded Debris During Canal Preparation by WaveOne Gold, Hyflex EDM and XP-endo Shaper, Anin Vitro Study
Authors: Adnan Marwah , Al-Gharrawi Hikmet 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The main cause of this in vitro study was to measure and compare the amount of debris extruded apically using three NiTi single rotary files (primary WaveOne Gold file, Hyflex EDM file, and the XP-endo Shaper).
Methods: Palatal root of sixty freshly extracted human maxillary molar teeth were sectioned at 12 mm, and inserted through the center of a rubber stopper of a pre-weighed collecting vial except for the coronal quarter of the root. Then separated three groups in accordance with their (n =20) system. G I: primary WaveOne Gold single file system (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)., G II: Hyflex EDM single file system (Colten/Whaledent, Germany). and G III: Xp-endo Shaper single file system (FKG, Switzerland) used, the 1mm irrigation with distilled water applied for washing the instruments, apical debris was collected and dried at 100° C. Sequential weights were obtained for each vial, and the distinction between the weights of the vial (pre- instrumentation and post- instrumentation), considered debris weight. Data were analyzed statistically using the One-way ANOVA test and LSD test, p≤ 0.05 was considered for data analysis value.
Results: All rotary systems applied in this study showed apical extrusion of debris. GIII showed the significantly highest amount of debris (p< 0.001) compared to GI and GII, whereas, mean value differences of Hyflex and WaveOne Gold were statistically non- significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The Hyflex EDM showed the lowest mean value of debris extruded apically compared to WaveOne Gold and Xp-endo Shaper. XP-endo Shaper had the highest mean value of debris extruded apically.
Azoximer bromide-modulated immune response in aerobic vaginitis
Authors: Dikke G. B. , Ostromenskii V. V. , Kucheryavaya Yu. G. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of azoximer bromide along with a combined antimicrobial drug in treatment of patients with aerobic vaginitis (AV).Materials and Methods. There was conducted a prospective, randomized, parallel group study with enrolled 60 patients diagnosed with AV and 10 apparently healthy women (control group III). Group I (n = 30) received azoximer bromide (10 vaginal insertion according to the scheme, course of 10 days) and a combined antimicrobial drug, while Group II (n = 30) received only antimicrobial drug (course of 10 days). Microscopy of vaginal discharge smears, polymerase chain reaction method was used, detection of cytokines – interleukins (IL) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in vaginal washings was performed by ELISA. The study of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was performed by ELISA, and DNA-containing strands ejected by neutrophils were determined by fluorescence method.Results. Recovery from disease was found in 100 % (30/30) and 86.7 % (26/30) in group I and group II, respectively. After treatment, serum level of IL-8 was revealed to decline in group I from 35.2 to 5.5 pg/ml (p = 0.05), in group II – from 33.4 to 5.3 pg/ml (p = 0.04), also not differ (p > 0.05) from the control values (5.2 pg/ml). The level of IL-1β also decreased after treatment in group I from 51.5 to 15.1 pg/ml (p = 0.002), in group II – from 57.9 to 20.1 pg/ml (p = 0.03), which also did not differ (p > 0.05) from the control values (16.7 pg/ml). The IL-10 level in both main groups decreased slightly (from 0.26 and 0.24 to 0.16 pg/ml in both groups), which was higher by 1.8-fold than in the control group (0.09 pg/ml; p < 0.001). The number of ejected NETs in both main groups decreased significantly after treatment, reaching control level. No side effects were observed, compliance and acceptability were 100 % in both groups. The frequency of AV relapses within 3 months was observed in 3.3 % (1/30) and 14.3 % (4/28) patients, after 6 months – in 14.3 % (4/28) and in 20.0 % (5/25) patients in groups I and II, respectively. Using the logit regression model, demonstrated that AV relapse might occur with a 50 %-probability at TNF-α level < 0.1 pg/ml after treatment (sensitivity – 67 %, specificity – 79 %). The risk of relapses in group I, in contrast to group II, showed a downward trend.Conclusions. The use of azoximer bromide and a combined broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug is effective in AV treatment, exerts a modulating effect on immune response parameters contributes to lowering relapse rate.
Antiphospholipid antibodies, genetic thrombophilia and fetal growth retardation
Authors: Orudzhova E. A. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: to study the role of antiphospholipid antibodies (AРA) and genetic thrombophilia as a potential cause of the development or a component in the pathogenesis of early and late fetal growth retardation (FGR).Materials and Methods. There was conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial with 118 women enrolled. The main group consisted of 83 patients, whose pregnancy was complicated by FGR degrees II and III, stratified into two groups: group 1 – 36 pregnant women with early FGR, group 2 – 47 pregnant women with late FGR. Women were subdivided into subgroups according to the FGR severity. The control group consisted of 35 pregnant women with a physiological course of pregnancy. АРА were determined according to the Sydney antiphospholipid syndrome criteria by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA): against cardiolipin, β2 -glycoprotein 1, annexin V, prothrombin, etc. (IgG/IgM isotypes); lupus anticoagulant – by the three-stage method with Russell's viper venom; antithrombin III and protein C levels – by chromogenic method; prothrombin gene polymorphisms G20210A and factor V Leiden – by polymerase chain reaction; homocysteine level – by ELISA.Results. AРA circulation (medium and high titers), genetic thrombophilic defects and/or hyperhomocysteinemia were detected in 40 (48.2 %) patients with FGR, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05): in group 1 (41.7 % of women) AРA (30.6 %) and AРA with genetic thrombophilia or hyperhomocysteinemia (11.1 %) were revealed; in group 2 (51.1 % of women) AРA (21.3 %), AРA with hyperhomocysteinemia (4.3 %), genetic thrombophilia (25.5 %), and due to hyperhomocysteinemia (2.1 %) were found. No differences in prevalence of thrombophilia rate in patients were observed related to FGR severity, but a correlation between the FGR severity and AРA titers was found.Conclusion. Testing for the presence of AРA, genetic thrombophilia and hyperhomocysteinemia should be recommended for patients with FGR (including those with FGR in medical history), especially in the case of its early onset. It is recommended to determine the full AРA spectrum.
Effect of ozonotherapy on clinical and immunological indicators in children with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Illek Yan Yurievich , Suetina Irina Gennadievna , Solovieva Galina Vladimirovna , Tarasova Elena Yurievna , Khlebnikova Natalia Vladimirovna , Mishchenko Igor Yurievich , Ryseva Larisa Leonidovna , Leushina Nina Pavlovna , Vyaznikova Marina Leonidovna 
Published: January 2022

Objective. To determine the effect of ozonotherapy on the clinical indicators and immunological reactivity state in children with a moderate course of persisting allergic rhinitis.
Materials and methods. Children aged 510 years with a moderate persisting allergic rhinitis were under observation. They were divided into two groups depending on the therapy applied. Group I of allergic rhinitis patients received a complex generally accepted therapy, group II of allergic rhinitis patients a complex therapy associated with ozonotherapy. Clinical indices and immunological reactivity parameters were studied during exacerbation and clinical remission in allergic rhinitis children.
Results. Ozonotherapy, included into a complex treatment of group II patients, was established to promote a faster occurrence of full clinical remission and normalization of most parameters of immunological reactivity. Duration of a full clinical remission in the group of allergic rhinitis patients, who received a complex therapy associated with ozonotherapy, more than twofold exceeded its duration in the group of allergic rhinitis patients receiving a complex generally accepted therapy.
Conclusions. The data obtained indicate high clinical, immunomodulating and antirelapsing effect of ozonotherapy that allows recommending its wide use in complex of medical measures among children with persisting allergic rhinitis.
Peculiarities of karyotype in patients with miscarriage
Authors: Olina A. A. , Sadykova G. K. , Shirinkina E. V. 
Published: January 2022

Objective. To study the features of the karyotype in patients with miscarriage. This article is devoted to the role of maternal chromosome polymorphisms and their role in the genesis of miscarriage.
Materials and methods. A comparative assessment of the karyotypes in women, whose pregnancy proceeded without complications and ended in the birth of a healthy child (75 persons, group I), and a group of patients with NB (135 persons, group II) was carried out. Group IIa consisted of 68 women with the first pregnancy that ended in spontaneous abortion in the first trimester, group IIb - 67 women with the first and subsequent pregnancy, interrupted in the first trimester. Statistical processing of the obtained material was carried out using the Exel program, and StatTech v.2.1.0.
Results. A significantly greater number of patients with normal karyotype was in group I 72 persons (98.1 %). Data on the structure of chromosome polymorphisms showed that in patients of group II, changes in one chromosome are found in 8.8 % (3 people), two chromosomes in 23.5 % (8 persons). Analysis of the data of group II showed significant differences in the subgroups in the frequency of chromosome polymorphisms, in patients of group IIa changes were noted only in one chromosome, and in IIc, every fifth patient had polymorphism of two chromosomes.
Conclusion. Despite the fact that genetic breakdowns are uncontrollable factors and it is not possible to directly influence them, the search for possible mechanisms leading to them is promising.
Correlation assessment of gender and thyroid hormones in patients with primary oligomenorhea in anamnesis
Authors: Ibadullaeva-Adygezalova K. P. 
Published: January 2022

Objective. To determine the concentration of pituitary, ovarian and thyroid hormones in the blood and the correlation between them in women with a history of primary oligomenorrhea.
Material and methods. The study involved 56 women of reproductive age with primary oligomenorrhea. Control 50 women of fertile age with an undisturbed rhythm of menstruation. An ultrasound of the uterus, ovaries and thyroid gland was performed. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, estradiol, testosterone dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by ELISA.
Results. The average age of women in the main and control groups was 30.0 1.34 and 30.52 5.92 years (p 0.05), respectively. The average age of menarche in women of the main group was 13.27 0.80 years; duration of menstruation 3.4 0.40 days and 5.2 0.82 days (p = 0.051), respectively; duration of the menstrual cycle was 33.90 0.70 days (p = 0.001). Length and width of the uterus 3.99 0.19 cm (p = 0.055) and 4.51 0.11 cm, respectively; endometrial thickness 9.78 1.20 mm. The sizes of thyroid lobes did not differ between the groups. The LH level and the LH / FSH ratio were higher than the control values by 50.79 % (p = 0.052) and 52.66 % (p = 0.045), respectively. Testosterone and TSH concentrations were 38.33 and 34.36 % higher, respectively. The estradiol level was reduced by 56.67 % (p = 0.113). A weak correlation was revealed between sex and thyroid hormones.
Conclusions. In women with a history of primary oligomenorrhea, the concentration of luteini-zing hormone and the LH / FSH ratio in the blood serum are significantly higher (p 0.05). In women with primary oligomenorrhea, there was a weak correlation between sex and thyroid hormones. The results will provide insight into the relationship between the thyroid function and the menstrual cycle.
Role of interactive survey in early diagnosis of chronic kidney diseases
Authors: Burtseva Ekaterina Alekseevna , Mishlanov Vitaly Yurievich , Anikeeva Anna Vladimirovna , Selezneva Victoria Ivanovna , Koshurnikova Ekaterina Petrovna , Chugainov Sergey Vladimirovich 
Published: January 2022

Objective. To conduct a comparative study of the prevalence of specific symptoms in patients with kidney damage using the automated program "Electronic Polyclinic" to optimize the algorithm for early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease.
Materials and methods. 18 patients of the therapeutic unit with kidney lesions, confirmed by laboratory and instrumental studies, as well as 7 healthy persons were examined. The main problems of patients were identified by the method of interactive questioning with the help of the program "Electronic Polyclinic". Further, a statistical analysis of the data and a comparative study with the control group of healthy persons were carried out using STATISTICA 12.0 program.
Results. The main symptoms of kidney damage were reliably determined and a low sensitivity of individual symptoms in the diagnosis, in contrast to the syndromic approach, was revealed. It showed that in 100 % of cases the automated program "Electronic Polyclinic" detected the syndromes, that indicates its high efficiency. An algorithm for early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease was proposed, which consists in an initial interactive survey followed by examination formulated by the computer program.
Conclusions. The method of interactive survey using the automated program "Electronic Polyclinic" allows you to effectively identify the syndromes of kidney damage, makes a preliminary diagnosis and draws up a plan of examination for further confirmation of the diagnosis. Symptomatic diagnosis has a number of disadvantages including low sensitivity and specificity, so it yields to syndromic diagnosis.
Giving feedback in the new CBME curriculum paradigm: Principles, models and situations where feedback can be given
Authors: Chacko Thomas V 
Published: January 2022

The new competency based medical education represents a paradigm shift from a teacher centered to a student centered learning of outcome competencies paradigm and so both the students and the teachers are unfamiliar with it. Giving and receiving feedback is central to the competency development framework. Only through frequent, timely and appropriate feedback there will be effective development of cognitive competence in its lead up to performance of competence. These concepts are illustrated to convey the importance of giving feedback to students. As the teachers are expected to practice giving feedback to students, they were opportunistically asked prior to a faculty development workshop what their priority learning needs about giving feedback are. Based on this a focused review of literature was done to collect the information on the various models of giving feedback, the principles for giving feedback, the possible situations in curriculum delivery where teachers can and should give feedback to students.The literature revealed some good practice models for giving feedback to the naïve as well as the mature students in ambulatory and clinical teaching settings as well as on their performance as revealed by their test results. Models of counseling which has strong element of feedback on the learner’s performance and helping them choose the way forward after identifying the problem is also shared.
Manpower Training and Development in Nigeria Public Organisations: A Study of Abia State Civil Service.
Authors: S. Obinna Dr. Anikwe 
Published: January 2022

Manpower training and development is essential to the success and productivity of every organization. Although technology and the internet have enabled global collaboration and competition, employees are still the organization’s competitive advantage. Manpower training and development enables employees to develop skills and competence necessary to enhance bottom-line results for their organizations.
Tripé da Estratégia: O Papel dos Agentes Institucionais no Processo de Internacionalização
Authors: Rodrigues Guilherme Zielinski , De Vasconcellos Silvio Luís , Nunes Moema Pereira 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: compreender o papel dos agentes institucionais no processo de internacionalização, na perspectiva do tripé da estratégia.Método: foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso único para investigar a internacionalização de cinco empresas que são associadas a um agente institucional, sob três categorias de análise – internacionalização sob a ótica econômica, comportamental e institucional.Principais resultados: enquanto agente institucional, a entidade é crucial no processo de internacionalização de seus associados, a depender do porte e experiência exportadora. Na perspectiva econômica, coordena a identificação de novos mercados. Na comportamental, dinamiza o gradualismo de inserção internacional e constrói redes de relacionamento. Na institucional, desenvolve um ambiente colaborativo, legitimando a conversão de instituições informais em formais.Relevância/originalidade: estudos empíricos sustentados pelo tripé da estratégia costumam limitar-se a categorizar os elementos recursos, indústria e instituições, separadamente. A perspectiva de análise a partir de agentes institucionais permite avaliar os efeitos das ações dos agentes institucionais de forma abrangente e inter-relacionada.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: evidencia-se a inter-relação entre os elementos do tripé da estratégia, dinamizada por agentes institucionais de países emergentes. Agentes institucionais atuam como consolidadores de ações coletivas, reforçando seu papel na construção de instituições informais e formais, mitigando atos oportunísticos que poderiam vilipendiar ações coletivas na construção de confiança e facilitando o acesso a recursos e conhecimento.Contribuições para a gestão: a pesquisa oferece uma oportunidade de reflexão sobre o posicionamento de entidades representativas setoriais que podem aprimorar suas ações em decorrência das contribuições percebidas pelos associados e os pontos de melhoria por eles identificados.
Complementary Methods to Mitigate the Misinterpretation of Results Due to Collinearity in International Business Research
Authors: Bido Diogenes de Souza , Barroso Antonio Carlos de Oliveira , Cohen Eric David 
Published: January 2022

Objectives of the study: to demonstrate the methodological gaps in empirical work that use structural models in the area of International Business, and prescribe complementary methods to mitigate the problem of collinearity
Method: a simulation was developed to evidence the effects of collinearity with respect to the importance and significance of predictors, and actions aimed at controlling the undesired effects of collinearity was developed
Main results: the proposition of complementary methods that include grouping the latent variables that present multicollinearity into a second-order model, and the use of the technique that shows the relative importance of predictors
Theoretical and methodological contributions: the contribution is based on the complementary methods offered for the academic community to conduct empirical research that are laid out by the findings of this research paper
Relevance and originality: from the gaps pointed out in the recent scientific production of the field of knowledge of international business, complementary methods are presented to mitigate the problem of collinearity, which may render the results of empirical studies invalid
Social contributions and management: among the main managerial and social implications achieved through our findings of, we stimulate the development of robust, relevant and reliable empirical research