bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID-19-related quarantine on psychological outcomes in patients after cardiac intervention: a multicenter longitudinal study
Authors: Patron Elisabetta , Messerotti Benvenuti Simone , Ponchia Andrea , Del Piccolo Franco , Gentili Claudio , Palomba Daniela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMandatory quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic had substantial negative consequences on psychological health in the general population. Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were reported to increase the morbidity and mortality risk in cardiac patients after cardiac interventions. Nonetheless, a gap in the evidence appeared regarding the effects of COVID-19-related quarantine on psychological outcomes in patients after cardiac interventions. The present study aimed to longitudinally investigate the effects of quarantine on depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms in a group of patients who underwent cardiac intervention. Seventy-three patients admitted for cardiac rehabilitation completed a psychological assessment before and a reassessment after the quarantine and were included in the quarantine group. The control group included 76 patients who completed both evaluations before the quarantine. Depressive (Beck Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory-II; BAI), and insomnia (Sleep Condition Indicator; SCI) symptoms were evaluated in both groups at one (assessment) and eight (reassessment) months after cardiac intervention. The statistical analyses revealed that at reassessment, the quarantine group showed higher global depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms than the control group and increased cognitive symptoms of depression. A higher presence of clinically relevant depressed patients was seen in the quarantine group. The present results showed that the COVID-19-related mandatory quarantine negatively affected psychological outcomes in patients after cardiac intervention, increasing the probability for these patients to be depressed. This, in turn, could influence patients’ health in a critical period for morbidity and mortality risk. This underlines the priority of integrating and improving targeted mental health support as the pandemic continues, especially for cardiac patients.
Associations between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorders: analysis from electronic health records in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Rosa S. , Tung Keith T. S. , Ho Frederick K. W. , Lee Tatia M. C. , Chan Ko Ling , Bacon-Shone John , Coghill David , Man Kenneth K. C. , Sham Pak C. , Wong Wilfred H. S. , Tso Winnie W. Y. , Chua Gilbert T. , Wong Ian C. K. , Ip Patrick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere has been a lack of high-quality evidence concerning the association between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric diagnoses particularly for Axis II disorders. This study aimed to examine the association between childhood maltreatment exposure and Axis I and Axis II psychiatry disorders using electronic health records. In this study, the exposed group (n = 7473) comprised patients aged 0 to 19 years with a first-time record of maltreatment episode between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2010, whereas the unexposed group (n = 26,834) comprised individuals of the same gender and age who were admitted into the same hospital in the same calendar year and month but had no records of maltreatment in the Hong Kong Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS). Data on their psychiatric diagnoses recorded from the date of admission to January 31, 2019 were extracted. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was fitted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR, plus 95% CIs) between childhood maltreatment exposure and psychiatric diagnoses, adjusting for age at index visit, sex, and government welfare recipient status. Results showed that childhood maltreatment exposure was significantly associated with subsequent diagnosis of conduct disorder/ oppositional defiant disorder (adjusted HR, 10.99 [95% CI 6.36, 19.01]), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (7.28 [5.49, 9.65]), and personality disorders (5.36 [3.78, 7.59]). The risk of psychiatric disorders following childhood maltreatment did not vary by history of childhood sexual abuse, age at maltreatment exposure, and gender. Individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment are vulnerable to psychiatric disorders. Findings support the provision of integrated care within the primary health care setting to address the long-term medical and psychosocial needs of individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment.
STAT6 inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates acute lung injury via regulating P53/SLC7A11 pathway
Authors: Yang Youjing , Ma Yu , Li Qianmin , Ling Yi , Zhou Yujia , Chu Kaimiao , Xue Lian , Tao Shasha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCompelling evidences have revealed the emerging role of ferroptosis in the pathophysiological process of acute lung injury (ALI), but its modulation is not clear. Here, we identified that STAT6 acted as a critical regulator of epithelium ferroptosis during ALI. Firstly, STAT6 expression and activity were increased in the ALI mice models caused by crystalline silica (CS), LPS and X-ray exposure. Followed by confirming the contribution of ferroptosis in the above ALI with ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine intervention, bioinformatic analyses revealed that STAT6 expression was negatively correlated with ferroptosis. Consistently, lung epithelium-specific depletion of STAT6 in mice or STAT6 knockdown in cultured epithelial cells exacerbated ferroptosis in the above ALI. While overexpression of STAT6 in lung epithelial cells attenuated the ferroptosis. Mechanistically, SLC7A11 is a typical ferroptosis-related gene and negatively regulated by P53. CREB-binding protein (CBP) is a critical acetyltransferase of P53 acetylation, showing valuable regulation on targets’ transcription. Herein, we found that STAT6 negatively regulates ferroptosis through competitively binding with CBP, which inhibits P53 acetylation and transcriptionally restores SLC7A11 expression. Finally, pulmonary-specific STAT6 overexpression decreased the ferroptosis and attenuated CS and LPS induced lung injury. Our findings revealed that STAT6 is a pivotal regulator of ferroptosis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of acute lung injury.
Syntaxin 18 regulates the DNA damage response and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to promote radiation resistance of lung cancer
Authors: Thumser-Henner Clotilde , Oeck Sebastian , Kalmbach Sophie , Forster Jan , Kindl Franziska , Sak Ali , Schramm Alexander , Schuler Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRadiotherapy is an important modality in lung cancer treatment. Despite advances in treatment planning and dose delivery, patient benefit is still limited by in-field relapse and metastatic recurrence. Simultaneous application of cisplatinum-based chemotherapy leads to moderately improved outcomes, thus providing proof-of-concept for radiosensitization strategies in lung cancer. In an unbiased functional genetic screen for radiosensitization targets in lung cancer, we identified syntaxin 18, a protein involved in retrograde vesicular transport between the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum, as mediator of radioresistance. Downregulation of endogenous syntaxin 18 specifically reduced clonogenic survival of radioresistant and radiosensitive lung cancer cells following X-radiation. Gene expression programs regulating DNA repair, mitotic checkpoints and mitosis were altered in isogenic cells with reduced syntaxin 18 expression. Functionally, this translated into impaired DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints leading to cell death by mitotic catastrophe. Interestingly, downregulation of syntaxin 18 in lung cancer cells also impaired expression of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, and reduced migration and invasion capacity. These findings suggest that syntaxin 18 is a key player regulating genes responsible for controlling the growth of the primary tumor as well as metastases upon radiotherapy of lung cancer. They provide a promising lead for biologically rational radiosensitization strategies impacting on radiation-induced cell death as well as metastasis.
The ASIC3-M-CSF-M2 macrophage-positive feedback loop modulates fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation in skin fibrosis pathogenesis
Authors: Wu Jun-Jie , Sun Zi-Li , Liu Si-Yu , Chen Zhong-Hua , Yuan Zheng-Dong , Zou Ming-Li , Teng Ying-Ying , Li Yue-Yue , Guo Dan-Yang , Yuan Feng-Lai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInflammation is one of the main pathological features leading to skin fibrosis and a key factor leading to the progression of skin fibrosis. Acidosis caused by a decrease in extracellular pH is a sign of the inflammatory process. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are ligand-gated ion channels on the cell membrane that sense the drop in extracellular pH. The molecular mechanisms by which skin fibroblasts are regulated by acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) remain unknown. This study investigated whether ASIC3 is related to inflammation and skin fibrosis and explored the underlying mechanisms. We demonstrate that macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a direct target of ASIC3, and ASIC3 activation promotes M-CSF transcriptional regulation of macrophages for M2 polarization. The polarization of M2 macrophages transduced by the ASIC3-M-CSF signal promotes the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts through transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), thereby producing an ASIC3-M-CSF-TGF-β1 positive feedback loop. Targeting ASIC3 may be a new treatment strategy for skin fibrosis.
Furin extracellularly cleaves secreted PTENα/β to generate C-terminal fragment with a tumor-suppressive role
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Ma Hong-Ming , Dong Shuang-Shu , Zhang Na , He Ping , Ge Meng-Kai , Xia Li , Yu Jian-Xiu , Xia Qiang , Chen Guo-Qiang , Shen Shao-Ming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPTENα and PTENβ (PTENα/β), two long translational variants of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN), exert distinct roles from canonical PTEN, including promoting carcinogenesis and accelerating immune-resistant cancer progression. However, their roles in carcinogenesis remain greatly unknown. Herein, we report that, after secreting into the extracellular space, PTENα/β proteins are efficiently cleaved into a short N-terminal and a long C-terminal fragment by the proprotein convertase Furin at a polyarginine stretch in their N-terminal extensions. Although secreted PTENα/β and their cleaved fragment cannot enter cells, treatment of the purified C-terminal fragment but not cleavage-resistant mutants of PTENα exerts a tumor-suppressive role in vivo. As a result, overexpression of cleavage-resistant PTENα mutants manifest a tumor-promoting role more profound than that of wild-type PTENα. In line with these, the C-terminal fragment is significantly downregulated in liver cancer tissues compared to paired normal tissues, which is consistent with the downregulated expression of Furin. Collectively, we show that extracellular PTENα/β present opposite effects on carcinogenesis from intracellular PTENα/β, and propose that the tumor-suppressive C-terminal fragment of PTENα/β might be used as exogenous agent to treat cancer.
Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel ERCC6 variant in a Vietnamese patient with Cockayne syndrome
Authors: Duong Nguyen Thuy , Anh Nguyen Phuong , Bac Nguyen Duy , Quang Le Bach , Miyake Noriko , Van Hai Nong , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe describe a case of Cockayne syndrome without photosensitivity in a Vietnamese family. This lack of photosensitivity prevented the establishment of a confirmed medical clinical diagnosis for 16 years. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified a novel missense variant combined with a known nonsense variant in the ERCC6 gene, NM_000124.4: c.[2839C>T;2936A>G], p.[R947*;K979R]. This case emphasizes the importance of WES in investigating the etiology of a disease when patients do not present the complete clinical phenotypes of Cockayne syndrome.
Gigahertz free-space electro-optic modulators based on Mie resonances
Authors: Benea-Chelmus Ileana-Cristina , Mason Sydney , Meretska Maryna L. , Elder Delwin L. , Kazakov Dmitry , Shams-Ansari Amirhassan , Dalton Larry R. , Capasso Federico 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectro-optic modulators are essential for sensing, metrology and telecommunications. Most target fiber applications. Instead, metasurface-based architectures that modulate free-space light at gigahertz (GHz) speeds can boost flat optics technology by microwave electronics for active optics, diffractive computing or optoelectronic control. Current realizations are bulky or have low modulation efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid silicon-organic metasurface platform that leverages Mie resonances for efficient electro-optic modulation at GHz speeds. We exploit quasi bound states in the continuum (BIC) that provide narrow linewidth (Q = 550 at $${\lambda }_{{{{{{{{\rm{res}}}}}}}}}=1594$$

λ

res

=
1594
nm), light confinement to the non-linear material, tunability by design and voltage and GHz-speed electrodes. Key to the achieved modulation of $$\frac{{{\Delta }}T}{{T}_{\max }}=67 \%$$

Δ
T

T

max

=
67
%
are molecules with r33 = 100 pm/V and optical field optimization for low-loss. We demonstrate DC tuning of the resonant frequency of quasi-BIC by $${{\Delta }}{\lambda }_{{{{{{{{\rm{res}}}}}}}}}=$$
Δ

λ

res

=
11 nm, surpassing its linewidth, and modulation up to 5 GHz (fEO,−3dB = 3 GHz). Guided mode resonances tune by $${{\Delta }}{\lambda }_{{{{{{{{\rm{res}}}}}}}}}=$$
Δ

λ

res

=
20 nm. Our hybrid platform may incorporate free-space nanostructures of any geometry or material, by application of the active layer post-fabrication.
Global fitting for high-accuracy multi-channel single-molecule localization
Authors: Li Yiming , Shi Wei , Liu Sheng , Cavka Ivana , Wu Yu-Le , Matti Ulf , Wu Decheng , Koehler Simone , Ries Jonas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMulti-channel detection in single-molecule localization microscopy greatly increases information content for various biological applications. Here, we present globLoc, a graphics processing unit based global fitting algorithm with flexible PSF modeling and parameter sharing, to extract maximum information from multi-channel single molecule data. As signals in multi-channel data are highly correlated, globLoc links parameters such as 3D coordinates or photon counts across channels, improving localization precision and robustness. We show, both in simulations and experiments, that global fitting can substantially improve the 3D localization precision for biplane and 4Pi single-molecule localization microscopy and color assignment for ratiometric multicolor imaging.
The drug-induced phenotypic landscape of colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Betge Johannes , Rindtorff Niklas , Sauer Jan , Rauscher Benedikt , Dingert Clara , Gaitantzi Haristi , Herweck Frank , Srour-Mhanna Kauthar , Miersch Thilo , Valentini Erica , Boonekamp Kim E. , Hauber Veronika , Gutting Tobias , Frank Larissa , Belle Sebastian , Gaiser Timo , Buchholz Inga , Jesenofsky Ralf , Härtel Nicolai , Zhan Tianzuo , Fischer Bernd , Breitkopf-Heinlein Katja , Burgermeister Elke , Ebert Matthias P. , Boutros Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatient-derived organoids resemble the biology of tissues and tumors, enabling ex vivo modeling of human diseases. They have heterogeneous morphologies with unclear biological causes and relationship to treatment response. Here, we use high-throughput, image-based profiling to quantify phenotypes of over 5 million individual colorectal cancer organoids after treatment with >500 small molecules. Integration of data using multi-omics modeling identifies axes of morphological variation across organoids: Organoid size is linked to IGF1 receptor signaling, and cystic vs. solid organoid architecture is associated with LGR5 + stemness. Treatment-induced organoid morphology reflects organoid viability, drug mechanism of action, and is biologically interpretable. Inhibition of MEK leads to cystic reorganization of organoids and increases expression ofLGR5, while inhibition of mTOR induces IGF1 receptor signaling. In conclusion, we identify shared axes of variation for colorectal cancer organoid morphology, their underlying biological mechanisms, and pharmacological interventions with the ability to move organoids along them.
Steerable drops on heated concentric microgroove arrays
Authors: Liu Cong , Lu Chenguang , Yuan Zichao , Lv Cunjing , Liu Yahua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGuided drop transport is of great importance in various water and thermal management technologies. Unidirectional drop transport on a hot surface has been widely developed, but a bidirectional reversal is still challenging. Here, we report a steerable transport of drop impinging on heated concentric microgroove arrays, on which the directionality of drop transport is dictated by the drop boiling modes. In the transition boiling state, the driving force originated from the Laplace pressure difference rendered by the microgrooves, which enables the drop rebounding towards the center of curvature. While in the film boiling state, a net force towards the opposite side is generated between the grooves and the penetrated liquid, that drives the drop far away from the center of curvature. Our experimental and theoretical results uncover that the lateral displacement is controlled by both the Weber number and off-center distance. These findings strengthen our fundamental understanding of drop impact dynamics at high temperatures and are essential for effective cooling of hot-spot cores and drop sieving.
Omicron-specific mRNA vaccination alone and as a heterologous booster against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Fang Zhenhao , Peng Lei , Filler Renata , Suzuki Kazushi , McNamara Andrew , Lin Qianqian , Renauer Paul A. , Yang Luojia , Menasche Bridget , Sanchez Angie , Ren Ping , Xiong Qiancheng , Strine Madison , Clark Paul , Lin Chenxiang , Ko Albert I. , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Wilen Craig B. , Chen Sidi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 recently swept the globe and showed high level of immune evasion. Here, we generate an Omicron-specific lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA vaccine candidate, and test its activity in animals, both alone and as a heterologous booster to WT mRNA vaccine. Our Omicron-specific LNP-mRNA vaccine elicits strong antibody response in vaccination-naïve mice. Mice that received two-dose WT LNP-mRNA show a > 40-fold reduction in neutralization potency against Omicron than WT two weeks post boost, which further reduce to background level after 3 months. The WT or Omicron LNP-mRNA booster increases the waning antibody response of WT LNP-mRNA vaccinated mice against Omicron by 40 fold at two weeks post injection. Interestingly, the heterologous Omicron booster elicits neutralizing titers 10-20 fold higher than the homologous WT booster against Omicron variant, with comparable titers against Delta variant. All three types of vaccination, including Omicron alone, WT booster and Omicron booster, elicit broad binding antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 WA-1, Beta, Delta variants and SARS-CoV. These data provide direct assessments of an Omicron-specific mRNA vaccination in vivo, both alone and as a heterologous booster to WT mRNA vaccine.
Active construction of southernmost Tibet revealed by deep seismic imaging
Authors: Lu Zhanwu , Guo Xiaoyu , Gao Rui , Murphy Michael Andrew , Huang Xingfu , Xu Xiao , Li Sanzhong , Li Wenhui , Zhao Junmeng , Li Chunsen , Xiang Bo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSouthernmost Tibet exhibits an anomalously twice the normal thickness of average continental crust. There is no available theory to explain and the driving mechanism remains uncertain. Here, we interpret a north-striking, 180 km-long deep seismic reflection profile traversing the southern Lhasa terrane (SLT) to the central Lhasa terrane (CLT). In addition to reflections showing subducting Indian crust, our results reveal lateral heterogeneity between the SLT and CLT, where north-dipping reflections beneath the CLT outline a tilted crystalline basement, while the non-reflective domain beneath the SLT represents homogeneous juvenile crust. Our integrated analysis leads to models calling upon episodic magmatism onto the southern margin of the basement to result in progressive construction of the SLT. We hypothesize that this crustal thickening via crustal-scale magma accretion contributed to surface uplift of the southern margin of the Tibetan plateau and leading to the development of the vast internal drainage system of Tibet.
Measuring and directing charge transfer in heterogenous catalysts
Authors: Zachman Michael J. , Fung Victor , Polo-Garzon Felipe , Cao Shaohong , Moon Jisue , Huang Zhennan , Jiang De-en , Wu Zili , Chi Miaofang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrecise control of charge transfer between catalyst nanoparticles and supports presents a unique opportunity to enhance the stability, activity, and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts. While charge transfer is tunable using the atomic structure and chemistry of the catalyst-support interface, direct experimental evidence is missing for three-dimensional catalyst nanoparticles, primarily due to the lack of a high-resolution method that can probe and correlate both the charge distribution and atomic structure of catalyst/support interfaces in these structures. We demonstrate a robust scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) method that simultaneously visualizes the atomic-scale structure and sub-nanometer-scale charge distribution in heterogeneous catalysts using a model Au-catalyst/SrTiO3-support system. Using this method, we further reveal the atomic-scale mechanisms responsible for the highly active perimeter sites and demonstrate that the charge transfer behavior can be readily controlled using post-synthesis treatments. This methodology provides a blueprint for better understanding the role of charge transfer in catalyst stability and performance and facilitates the future development of highly active advanced catalysts.
Ferroelectric domain-wall logic units
Authors: Wang Jing , Ma Jing , Huang Houbing , Ma Ji , Jafri Hasnain Mehdi , Fan Yuanyuan , Yang Huayu , Wang Yue , Chen Mingfeng , Liu Di , Zhang Jinxing , Lin Yuan-Hua , Chen Long-Qing , Yi Di , Nan Ce-Wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe electronic conductivities of ferroelectric domain walls have been extensively explored over the past decade for potential nanoelectronic applications. However, the realization of logic devices based on ferroelectric domain walls requires reliable and flexible control of the domain-wall configuration and conduction path. Here, we demonstrate electric-field-controlled stable and repeatable on-and-off switching of conductive domain walls within topologically confined vertex domains naturally formed in self-assembled ferroelectric nano-islands. Using a combination of piezoresponse force microscopy, conductive atomic force microscopy, and phase-field simulations, we show that on-off switching is accomplished through reversible transformations between charged and neutral domain walls via electric-field-controlled domain-wall reconfiguration. By analogy to logic processing, we propose programmable logic gates (such as NOT, OR, AND and their derivatives) and logic circuits (such as fan-out) based on reconfigurable conductive domain walls. Our work might provide a potentially viable platform for programmable all-electric logic based on a ferroelectric domain-wall network with low energy consumption.