bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pedagogical Frameworks Adopted by Monash University Library
Authors: Torres Lynette , Yazbeck Barbara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes three of the pedagogical frameworks that comprise the Models of Engaged Learning and Teaching (Willison, J. (2017). The Models of Engaged Learning and Teaching (MELT); Willison, J. (2020). The models of engaged learning and teaching: Connecting sophisticated thinking from early childhood to PhD. Springer). Monash University Library (MUL) adopted the MELT to underpin its teaching practice and guide library–faculty teaching collaborations. The MELT include the Research Skill Development (RSD) framework (Willison, J., & O'Regan, K. (2006/2018). Research skill development framework), the Work Skill Development (WSD) framework (Bandaranaike, S., & Willison, J. (2009/2018). Revised by Monash University Library, 2019. Work skill development framework; Revised by Monash University Library 2019) and the Digital Skill Development (DSD) framework (Torres, L., McLeod, A., Yazbeck, B., Rayner, G., Skrbis, M., Yates, S., Dickson, N., & Fulton, H. (2018). Digital skill development framework). The MELT have proved effective and adaptable in a range of disciplines and learning contexts by describing not only what students’ research, work and digital skills are but how they can be explicitly developed as a critical part of learning. Successful application of these models has strengthened and maximised the effectiveness of library–faculty teaching collaborations. This has enabled the library to remain responsive to contemporary skill agendas and as such, catalysed transformative change by repositioning the Library as a key contributor to student learning.
Zero-jettiness resummation for top-quark pair production at the LHC
Authors: Alioli Simone , Broggio Alessandro , Lim Matthew A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the resummation of the 0-jettiness resolution variable $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
0 for the top-quark pair production process in hadronic collisions. Starting from an effective theory framework we derive a factorisation formula for this observable which allows its resummation at any logarithmic order in the $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
0 → 0 limit. We then calculate the $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(αs) corrections to the soft function matrices and, by employing renormalisation group equation methods, we obtain the ingredients for the resummation formula up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy. We study the impact of these corrections to the 0-jettiness distribution by comparing predictions at different accuracy orders: NLL, NLL′, NNLL and approximate NNLL′ ($$ {\mathrm{NNLL}}_{\mathrm{a}}^{\prime } $$

NNLL
a
′

). We match these results to the corresponding fixed order calculations both at leading order and next-to-leading order for the t$$ \overline{t} $$

t
¯

+jet production process, obtaining the most accurate prediction of the 0-jettiness distribution for the top-quark pair production process at $$ {\mathrm{NNLL}}_{\mathrm{a}}^{\prime } $$

NNLL
a
′

+NLO accuracy.
Micro-grooving of brittle materials using textured diamond grinding wheels shaped by an integrated nanosecond laser system
Authors: Geng Zongchao , Tong Zhen , Huang Guoqin , Zhong Wenbin , Cui Changcai , Xu Xipeng , Jiang Xiangqian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFreeform surfaces including both the aspherical and prismatic concave/convex have been widely utilized in optical, electronical, and biomedical areas. Most recently, it is reported that grinding with structured wheels provides new possibility to generate patterns on hard and brittle materials. This paper reports the latest research progress on micro-grooving glass ceramic using laser structured diamond grinding wheels. A nanosecond pulse laser is firstly integrated into an ultra-precision machine tool and used for the in-line conditioning of super abrasive grinding wheels, i.e., truing, dressing, and profiling/texturing. Meanwhile, an offset compensation method, considering the shifting depth of focus (DoF) at different laser irradiation positions, is proposed to accurately generate various profiles on the periphery of the grinding wheels. Three types of patterns (riblets, grooves, and pillars) are successfully fabricated on the ceramic substrate using the laser textured grinding wheels. The results indicate that the integrated laser system offers high flexibility and accuracy in shaping super abrasive grinding wheels, and the grinding using textured grinding wheels provides a promising solution to generate functional microstructures on hard and brittle materials.
Numerical and experimental evaluation of shock dividers
Authors: Rezay Haghdoost M. , Thethy B. S. , Nadolski M. , Seo B. , Paschereit C. O. , Klein R. , Edgington-Mitchell D. , Oberleithner K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMitigation of pressure pulsations in the exhaust of a pulse detonation combustor is crucial for operation with a downstream turbine. For this purpose, a device termed the shock divider is designed and investigated. The intention of the divider is to split the leading shock wave into two weaker waves that propagate along separated ducts with different cross sections, allowing the shock waves to travel with different velocities along different paths. The separated shock waves redistribute the energy of the incident shock wave. The shock dynamics inside the divider are investigated using numerical simulations. A second-order dimensional split finite volume MUSCL-scheme is used to solve the compressible Euler equations. Furthermore, low-cost simulations are performed using geometrical shock dynamics to predict the shock wave propagation inside the divider. The numerical simulations are compared to high-speed schlieren images and time-resolved total pressure recording. For the latter, a high-frequency pressure probe is placed at the divider outlet, which is shown to resolve the transient total pressure during the shock passage. Moreover, the separation of the shock waves is investigated and found to grow as the divider duct width ratio increases. The numerical and experimental results allow for a better understanding of the dynamic evolution of the flow inside the divider and inform its capability to reduce the pressure pulsations at the exhaust of the pulse detonation combustor.
A novel explicit three-sub-step time integration method for wave propagation problems
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Zhang Runsen , Zanoni Andrea , Xing Yufeng , Masarati Pierangelo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA novel explicit three-sub-step time integration method is proposed. From linear analysis, it is designed to have at least second-order accuracy, tunable stability interval, tunable algorithmic dissipation and no overshooting behaviour. A distinctive feature is that the size of its stability interval can be adjusted to control the properties of the method. With the largest stability interval, the new method has better amplitude accuracy and smaller dispersion error for wave propagation problems, compared with some existing second-order explicit methods, and as the stability interval narrows, it shows improved period accuracy and stronger algorithmic dissipation. By selecting an appropriate stability interval, the proposed method can achieve properties better than or close to existing second-order methods, and by increasing or reducing the stability interval, it can be used with higher efficiency or stronger dissipation. The new method is applied to solve some illustrative wave propagation examples, and its numerical performance is compared with those of several widely used explicit methods.
Lack of evidence for conserved parasegmental grooves in arthropods
Authors: Janssen Ralf , Turetzek Natascha , Pechmann Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the arthropod model species Drosophila melanogaster, a dipteran fly, segmentation of the anterior–posterior body axis is under control of a hierarchic gene cascade. Segmental boundaries that form morphological grooves are established posteriorly within the segmental expression domain of the segment-polarity gene (SPG) engrailed (en). More important for the development of the fly, however, are the parasegmental boundaries that are established at the interface of en expressing cells and anteriorly adjacent wingless (wg) expressing cells. In Drosophila, both segmental and transient parasegmental grooves form. The latter are positioned anterior to the expression of en. Although the function of the SPGs in establishing and maintaining segmental and parasegmental boundaries is highly conserved among arthropods, parasegmental grooves have only been reported for Drosophila, and a spider (Cupiennius salei). Here, we present new data on en expression, and re-evaluate published data, from four distantly related spiders, including Cupiennius, and a distantly related chelicerate, the harvestman Phalangium opilio. Gene expression analysis of en genes in these animals does not corroborate the presence of parasegmental grooves. Consequently, our data question the general presence of parasegmental grooves in arthropods.
Biochemical analysis of novel NAA10 variants suggests distinct pathogenic mechanisms involving impaired protein N-terminal acetylation
Authors: McTiernan Nina , Tranebjærg Lisbeth , Bjørheim Anna S. , Hogue Jacob S. , Wilson William G. , Schmidt Berkley , Boerrigter Melissa M. , Nybo Maja L. , Smeland Marie F. , Tümer Zeynep , Arnesen Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNAA10 is the catalytic subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase complex, NatA, which is responsible for N-terminal acetylation of nearly half the human proteome. Since 2011, at least 21 different NAA10 missense variants have been reported as pathogenic in humans. The clinical features associated with this X-linked condition vary, but commonly described features include developmental delay, intellectual disability, cardiac anomalies, brain abnormalities, facial dysmorphism and/or visual impairment. Here, we present eight individuals from five families with five different de novo or inherited NAA10 variants. In order to determine their pathogenicity, we have performed biochemical characterisation of the four novel variants c.16G>C p.(A6P), c.235C>T p.(R79C), c.386A>C p.(Q129P) and c.469G>A p.(E157K). Additionally, we clinically describe one new case with a previously identified pathogenic variant, c.384T>G p.(F128L). Our study provides important insight into how different NAA10 missense variants impact distinct biochemical functions of NAA10 involving the ability of NAA10 to perform N-terminal acetylation. These investigations may partially explain the phenotypic variability in affected individuals and emphasise the complexity of the cellular pathways downstream of NAA10.
Ultra-compact plasmonic unidirectional wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer based on slot cavities
Authors: Aparna U. , Kumar M. Sathish 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn ultra-compact plasmonic unidirectional wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer based on slot cavities is proposed and numerically simulated. The structure consists of slot cavities which are etched on either sides of a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) bus waveguide. The cavities capture surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves at their resonant wavelengths and unidirectionally couples them to the drop waveguide etched parallel to the bus. The structure basically relies on resonance and interference of SPP waves and its functioning is validated through finite element method (FEM) simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed structure functions as expected with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of less than 50 nm, extinction ratio (ER) more than 10 dB, and crosstalk (CT) of less than − 10 dB for the designed wavelengths. The proposed structure holds lot of potential to enhance the miniaturization of ultra-compact integrated photonic circuits for optical signal processing and other related applications.
Dark heterochromia in adult masked lapwings is universal, asymmetrical and possibly slightly sexually dimorphic
Authors: Cardilini Adam P. A. , Lees Daniel , Roche Dylan , Dann Peter , Weston Michael A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVariations in eye colour in birds are poorly documented. We measured and characterised eyes of 25 birds in the hand (16° × 22.5° segments per eye), using standardised and scaled images, and examined observations of 1 marked individual through time. We describe universal and extensive dark heterochromia (non-uniform colouration of the eye) in adult masked lapwings Vanellus miles novaehollandiae in our study population. Asymmetrical within-eye heterochromia has not previously been recorded for Charadridae, but in a review of images of eyes in the genus Vanellus, we found 45% of the 22 species had detectable heterochromia. There was a tendency (p = 0.051 after false discovery rate correction) for males to have slightly less black in the upper posterior part of the eye, a difference not distinguishable enough to aid sexing in the hand. We suggest standardised images of captured birds would underpin a more nuanced understanding of the occurrence of subtle heterochromia among birds, which may permit phylogenetic analyses directed at exploring possible evolution or function of such eye pigmentation.
Community-Based ART Service Delivery for Key Populations in Sub-Saharan Africa: Scoping Review of Outcomes Along the Continuum of HIV Care
Authors: Ibiloye Olujuwon , Masquillier Caroline , Jwanle Plang , Van Belle Sara , van Olmen Josefien , Lynen Lut , Decroo Tom 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHIV positive key population (KP) often face health system and social barriers to HIV care. KP include sex workers, men who have sex with men, persons who inject drugs, transgender people, and people in prisons and other closed settings. Community-based ART service delivery (CBART) has the potential to increase access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) and enhance retention in care. This scoping review summarized the evidence on the effect of CBART along the continuum of HIV care among KP in sub-Saharan Africa. We searched Pubmed, Web of Science, Google scholar, and NGO websites for articles published between 2010 and April 2020. We synthesized the involvement of KP community members or lay providers in medical task provision, and outcomes along the continuum of HIV care. Of 3,330 records identified, 66 were eligible for full test screening, out of which 12 were included in the review. CBART for KP was provided through: (a) community drop-in-centres, (b) community drop-in-centres plus mobile team, or (c) community-based health centres. KP were engaged as peer educators and they provided services such as community mobilisation activities for HIV testing and ART, ART adherence counselling, and referral for ART initiation. Across the KP-CBART studies, outcomes in terms of ART uptake, adherence to ART, retention in care and viral suppression were at least as good as those obtained for KP attending facility-based care. KP-CBART was as effective as facility-based care. To achieve the UNAIDS 95–95–95 target in sub-Saharan Africa, national programmes should scale-up KP-CBART to complement facility-based care.
Bayesian Deep Learning for Spatial Interpolation in the Presence of Auxiliary Information
Authors: Kirkwood Charlie , Economou Theo , Pugeault Nicolas , Odbert Henry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Earth scientists increasingly deal with ‘big data’. For spatial interpolation tasks, variants of kriging have long been regarded as the established geostatistical methods. However, kriging and its variants (such as regression kriging, in which auxiliary variables or derivatives of these are included as covariates) are relatively restrictive models and lack capabilities provided by deep neural networks. Principal among these is feature learning: the ability to learn filters to recognise task-relevant patterns in gridded data such as images. Here, we demonstrate the power of feature learning in a geostatistical context by showing how deep neural networks can automatically learn the complex high-order patterns by which point-sampled target variables relate to gridded auxiliary variables (such as those provided by remote sensing) and in doing so produce detailed maps. In order to cater for the needs of decision makers who require well-calibrated probabilities, we also demonstrate how both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty can be quantified in our deep learning approach via a Bayesian approximation known as Monte Carlo dropout. In our example, we produce a national-scale probabilistic geochemical map from point-sampled observations with auxiliary data provided by a terrain elevation grid. By combining location information with automatically learned terrain derivatives, our deep learning approach achieves an excellent coefficient of determination ($$R^{2} = 0.74$$

R
2

=
0.74

) and near-perfect probabilistic calibration on held-out test data. Our results indicate the suitability of Bayesian deep learning and its feature-learning capabilities for large-scale geostatistical applications where uncertainty matters.

Graphic Abstract
Strong spatial structuring of clonal genetic diversity within blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) hedgerows and woodlands
Authors: Brown James A. , Montgomery W. Ian , Provan Jim 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHedgerows are an important component of agricultural landscapes, but in recent years have increasingly faced threats such as habitat loss, land use change, climate change, invasive species, pests and plant pathogens. Given the potential importance of genetic diversity in countering these threats, and the spatial distribution of such diversity within and across natural populations, we analyzed levels and patterns of diversity in blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), a key component of many hedgerows. Twenty-one populations of blackthorn from a mixture of hedgerows and woodlands were genotyped for four nuclear and five chloroplast microsatellites. Three hundred twenty-one unique clonal genotypes were identified from 558 individuals analyzed, 207 of which were found in a single individual. With the exception of a single population that appears to have been planted recently from seed (Peatlands Park), all populations exhibited evidence of vegetative reproduction via suckering. Multi-ramet clones were highly spatially structured within populations, and ranged in size from < 1 to 258 m. These findings indicate that asexual reproduction is widespread in the populations of blackthorn studied. Although levels of clonality varied across study sites, there was clear spatial structuring of clones in each case. Such clonal organization should be taken into account in hedge management or where planting or replanting of hedgerows becomes necessary. Knowledge of the patterns and extent of spatial structuring of genotypes within potential source populations will allow the selection of genetically divergent material, rather than selection of clonal replicates of the same genotype.
A spatiotemporal analysis of cattle herd movement in relation to drinking-water sources: implications for Cryptosporidium control in rural Kenya
Authors: Floyd Jessica R. , Kwoba Emmah , Mwangi Thumbi , Okotto-Okotto Joseph , Wanza Peggy , Wardrop Nicola , Yu Weiyu , Wright Jim A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGiven the increasing evidence that domestic contact with livestock is a risk factor for child diarrhoea in low- and middle-income countries, there have been calls for greater quantification of human-livestock contact in such countries. This study aimed to quantify seasonality in cattle proximity to domestic water sources and household compounds and develop a preliminary landscape model of faecal deposition by cattle. A total of 120 cattle in smallholder herds in the Asembo area of Siaya County, Kenya, were tracked over 1 week in April 2018 to July 2018 and November 2018 to February 2019 using GPS tracking devices. Dung deposition and behaviour were observed among 33 cattle from these herds over 185.4 hours. Mean cattle home ranges were small at 3.78 km2 and 5.85 km2 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. There were significant differences between seasons in home range size, distance travelled from the household, and time spent tethered, but not in the time spent at domestic water sources or home range overlap with other herds. On average, 0.76 dung deposition events/hour were observed, with higher frequency in bulls. Variation in cattle proximity to household compounds and water sources did not account for seasonal variation in child diarrhoea in this population. The preliminary landscape model of faecal deposition by cattle could be further developed to inform interventions for safe separation of livestock and people, such as fencing and separate water troughs.
Noch legitime Religionspraxis oder bereits problematisch?
Authors: Figlestahler Carmen , Schau Katja 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag stellt besondere Herausforderungen im Umgang mit Ungewissheiten in der (sozial-)pädagogischen Präventions- und Distanzierungsarbeit im Bereich des islamistischen Extremismus dar. Fachkräfte müssen mit komplexen Problemlagen zwischen Radikalisierung und antimuslimischen Ausgrenzungen umgehen, ergebnisoffene Entwicklungen in der Jugendphase ihrer Adressat_innen abschätzen und wirkmächtige Kategorisierungen reflektieren. Auch in der Kooperation mit muslimischen Trägern wird die Ungewissheit, mit geeigneten Partnern zusammen zu arbeiten, durch polarisierte gesellschaftliche Debatten und insbesondere die sogenannte Kontaktschuld erschwert.
On a numerical bifurcation analysis of a particle reaction-diffusion model for a motion of two self-propelled disks
Authors: Yasugahira Yusuke , Nagayama Masaharu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTheoretical analysis using mathematical models is often used to understand a mechanism of collective motion in a self-propelled system. In the experimental system using camphor disks, several kinds of characteristic motions have been observed due to the interaction of two camphor disks. In this paper, we understand the emergence mechanism of the motions caused by the interaction of two self-propelled bodies by analyzing the global bifurcation structure using the numerical bifurcation method for a mathematical model. Finally, it is also shown that the irregular motion, which is one of the characteristic motions, is chaotic motion and that it arises from periodic bifurcation phenomena and quasi-periodic motions due to torus bifurcation.