bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Administration of Probiotics Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea and Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Feng Jing , Gao Min , Zhao Chengcheng , Yang Jian , Gao Haiyan , Lu Xin , Ju Rong , Zhang Xiuwei , Zhang Yunlei 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundChemotherapy generally causes serious diarrhea and oral mucositis in cancer patients, and subsequently affects treatment. Oral administration of probiotics provides a therapeutic choice to address these limitations. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of oral probiotic use in the management of the chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, and to summarize the mechanisms underlying the action.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science from the start of the study to its completion on Dec. 31, 2021. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's Tool. Statistical analysis of the acquired data was performed via the RevMan and the Stata Statistical Software. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020220650).ResultsTwelve randomized controlled trials including 1,013 patients were recruited and analyzed via the standard procedure of meta-analysis. In contrast to the control group, orally taking probiotics significantly decreased the risk of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (≥ 1 grade) (RR = 0.70; 95% Cl: 0.56, 0.88; P = 0.002) and oral mucositis (≥ 1 grade) (RR: 0.84; 95% Cl: 0.78, 0.91; P &lt; 0.00001) at all grades. Further analysis found that severe diarrhea (≥ 2 grades) (RR: 0.50; 95% Cl: 0.32, 0.78; P = 0.002) and severe oral mucositis also significantly declined (≥ 3 grades) (RR: 0.66; 95% Cl: 0.55, 0.79; P &lt; 0.00001) after oral probiotic use. Interestingly, the beneficial effects of probiotics displayed statistically significant only in Asian patients. Importantly, the more species of bacteria they took, the lower the incidences of the adverse reactions occurred. We used Egger's test P value to confirm that there is no publication bias.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrated that orally administrated probiotics has a potential to decrease chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and oral mucositis incidences. However, the efficacy of oral probiotic use against the adverse reactions needs to be further verified through more clinical trials, and the species and number of probiotics have to be optimized and standardized prior to clinical applications.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk, identifier: 220650.
The Global Research of Artificial Intelligence on Prostate Cancer: A 22-Year Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Shen Zefeng , Wu Haiyang , Chen Zeshi , Hu Jintao , Pan Jiexin , Kong Jianqiu , Lin Tianxin 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundWith the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of a variety of diseases, including prostate cancer. Facts have proved that AI has broad prospects in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.ObjectiveThis study mainly summarizes the research on the application of artificial intelligence in the field of prostate cancer through bibliometric analysis and explores possible future research hotspots.MethodsThe articles and reviews regarding application of AI in prostate cancer between 1999 and 2020 were selected from Web of Science Core Collection on August 23, 2021. Microsoft Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 8 were applied to analyze the targeted variables. VOSviewer (version 1.6.16), Citespace (version 5.8.R2), and a widely used online bibliometric platform were used to conduct co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in this field.ResultsA total of 2,749 articles were selected in this study. AI-related research on prostate cancer increased exponentially in recent years, of which the USA was the most productive country with 1,342 publications, and had close cooperation with many countries. The most productive institution and researcher were the Henry Ford Health System and Tewari. However, the cooperation among most institutions or researchers was not close even if the high research outputs. The result of keyword analysis could divide all studies into three clusters: “Diagnosis and Prediction AI-related study”, “Non-surgery AI-related study”, and “Surgery AI-related study”. Meanwhile, the current research hotspots were “deep learning” and “multiparametric MRI”.ConclusionsArtificial intelligence has broad application prospects in prostate cancer, and a growing number of scholars are devoted to AI-related research on prostate cancer. Meanwhile, the cooperation among various countries and institutions needs to be strengthened in the future. It can be projected that noninvasive diagnosis and accurate minimally invasive treatment through deep learning technology will still be the research focus in the next few years.
Searching for a Signal: Self-Reported Kratom Dose-Effect Relationships Among a Sample of US Adults With Regular Kratom Use Histories
Authors: Smith Kirsten E. , Rogers Jeffrey M. , Dunn Kelly E. , Grundmann Oliver , McCurdy Christopher R. , Schriefer Destiny , Epstein David H. 
Published: March 2022

There is limited understanding regarding kratom use among US adults. Although motivations for use are increasingly understood, typical kratom doses, threshold of (low and high) doses for perceived effectiveness, and effects produced during cessation are not well documented. We aimed to extend prior survey work by recruiting adults with current and past kratom exposure. Our goal was to better understand kratom dosing, changes in routines, and perception of effects, including time to onset, duration, and variability of beneficial and adverse outcomes from use and cessation. Among respondents who reported experiencing acute kratom effects, we also sought to determine if effects were perceived as helpful or unhelpful in meeting daily obligations. Finally, we attempted to detect any signal of a relationship between the amount of kratom consumed weekly and weeks of regular use with ratings of beneficial effects from use and ratings of adverse effects from cessation. We conducted an online survey between April-May 2021 by re-recruiting participants from a separate study who reported lifetime kratom use. A total of 129 evaluable surveys were collected. Most (59.7%) had used kratom &gt;100 times and reported currently or having previously used kratom &gt;4 times per week (62 weeks on average). Under half (41.9%) reported that they considered themselves to be a current “regular kratom user.” A majority (79.8%) reported experiencing acute effects from their typical kratom dose and that onset of effects began in minutes but dissipated within hours. Over a quarter reported that they had increased their kratom dose since use initiation, whereas 18.6% had decreased. Greater severity of unwanted effects from ≥1 day of kratom cessation was predicted by more weeks of regular kratom use (β = 6.74, p = 0.02). Acute kratom effects were largely reported as compatible with, and sometimes helpful in, meeting daily obligations. In the absence of human laboratory studies, survey methods must be refined to more precisely assess dose-effect relationships. These can help inform the development of controlled observational and experimental studies needed to advance the public health understanding of kratom product use.
Oral Astragalus Root Supplementation for Mild to Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease: A Self-Controlled Case-Series
Authors: Yoshino Tetsuhiro , Horiba Yuko , Mimura Masaru , Watanabe Kenji 
Published: March 2022

In this self-controlled case series, we aimed to investigate the variation in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after taking astragalus-containing preparations in patients with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) by retrospectively reviewing their charts in our clinic. We set the inclusion criteria as first-visit patients aged 20 years or older presenting to our clinic between 1 October 2014, and 31 June 2019, and who were prescribed astragalus-containing herbal preparations for any reason. We calculated the mean eGFR from the readings taken 6 months before (pre) and after (post) the intake of astragalus-containing preparations for each participant. Among the 37 patients included in our final analysis, we found a statistically significant improvement in the eGFR after prescribing astragalus-containing preparations (pre, 66 ± 12 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. post, 70 ± 14 ml/min/1.73 m2; p &lt; 0.001 by paired t-test). Our results were consistent regardless of age, sex, CKD stage of the participants (G2 or G3), daily dosage of astragalus root, or duration of astragalus-containing preparations. No severe adverse reactions were recorded in the charts of the study participants. Our results suggest that there is eGFR improvement after taking astragalus-containing preparations in mild to moderate CKD cases as reported previously. The findings should be considered with caution due to major limitations such as small sample size without optimum control, short follow-up period, and incomplete data. Further adequately powered and designed studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of the long-term use of astragalus root in patients with mild to moderate CKD.
Combined Machine Learning and GRID-Independent Molecular Descriptor (GRIND) Models to Probe the Activity Profiles of 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein Inhibitors
Authors: Khan Hafiza Aliza , Jabeen Ishrat 
Published: March 2022

Leukotrienes (LTs) are pro-inflammatory lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (AA), and their high production has been reported in multiple allergic, autoimmune, and cardiovascular disorders. The biological synthesis of leukotrienes is instigated by transfer of AA to 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)viathe 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). Suppression of FLAP can inhibit LT production at the earliest level, providing relief to patients requiring anti-leukotriene therapy. Over the last 3 decades, several FLAP modulators have been synthesized and pharmacologically tested, but none of them could be able to reach the market. Therefore, it is highly desirable to unveil the structural requirement of FLAP modulators. Here, in this study, supervised machine learning techniques and molecular modeling strategies are adapted to vaticinate the important 2D and 3D anti-inflammatory properties of structurally diverse FLAP inhibitors, respectively. For this purpose, multiple machine learning classification models have been developed to reveal the most relevant 2D features. Furthermore, to probe the 3D molecular basis of interaction of diverse anti-inflammatory compounds with FLAP, molecular docking studies were executed. By using the most probable binding poses from docking studies, the GRIND model was developed, which indicated the positive contribution of four hydrophobic, two hydrogen bond acceptor, and two shape-based features at certain distances from each other towards the inhibitory potency of FLAP modulators. Collectively, this study sheds light on important two-dimensional and three-dimensional structural requirements of FLAP modulators that can potentially guide the development of more potent chemotypes for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
The Efficacy of Simultaneous Injection of Dexamethasone Implant and Ranibizumab Into Vitreous Cavity on Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Du Xing , Sheng Yanjuan , Shi Yeqiang , Du Min , Guo Yuanyuan , Li Shanshan 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous vitreous injection of dexamethasone implant and ranibizumab on macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). We conducted a 6-month retrospective self-control study. Twenty-five patients diagnosed with macular edema secondary to CRVO were enrolled in this study. The patients received intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implant and ranibizumab. The changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and interocular pressure (IOP) before and at 2w, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 m after injection were recorded and compared. The adverse reactions in eyes and whole body were observed. The BCVA of all patients at 2 w (61.8 ± 5.42), 1 m (68.68 ± 5.23), 2 m (70.8 ± 5.8), 3 m (68.44 ± 5.61), 4 m (65.76 ± 5.76), 5 m (67.08 ± 5.57), and 6 m (70.12 ± 5.46) after surgery were significantly higher than that before surgery (52.2 ± 5.06,p &lt; 0.01), and CRT of all patients at 2w (393.36 ± 52.66 um), 1 m (334.52 ± 32.95 um), 2 m (298.800 ± 29.97 um), 3 m (309.080 ± 28.78 um), 4 m (345.48 ± 39.81 um), 5 m (349.080 ± 29.88 um), and 6 m (309.76 ± 30.41 um) after surgery were significantly reduced than that before surgery (583.76 ± 121.09 um, p &lt; 0.01). Macular edema recurred in an average of 4.44 ± 0.51 months after treatment, and those patients received combined treatment again. During follow-up, the most common adverse reactions were subconjunctival hemorrhage and increased intraocular pressure, with the incidence of 22% (11/50) and 18% (9/50) respectively. In all cases, the increased intraocular pressure could be controlled by a single intraocular pressure reducing drug. No patient needed to receive anti-glaucoma surgery. The overall incidence of lens opacity was 4% (2/50). After the first injection, no case showed lens opacity. After re-injection, 2 patients (2 eyes) (8%) developed lens opacity. None of the patients showed serious ocular adverse reactions or systemic complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, uveitis or ocular toxicity. The simultaneous vitreous injection of dexamethasone implant and ranibizumab can significantly improve the visual acuity and anatomical prognosis in macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO-ME) patients, exhibiting good safety and effectiveness.
Baseline Ratio of Soluble Fas/FasL Predicts Onset of Pulmonary Hypertension in Elder Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ding Xiao-Han , Chai Xiaoliang , Zheng Jin , Chang Hong , Zheng Wenxue , Bian Shi-Zhu , Ye Ping 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the most common complications associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Though numerous risk factors have been founded, other risk factors remain unidentified, particularly in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with elder age. Soluble Fas (sFas) and its ligand FasL (sFasL) have been reported in chronic renal disease patients; however, they have not been identified in the PH patients of elder hemodialysis patients. We aimed to determine the roles of sFas/sFasL in onset of PH in elder patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with ESRD.MethodsAltogether, 163 patients aged 68.00 ± 10.51 years with ESRD who undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in a prospective cohort and were followed-up for a median of 5.5 years. They underwent echocardiography examinations, liver function assessments, residual renal function, and serum ion examinations, before and after dialysis. Furthermore, levels of sFas and sFasL at baseline had also been measured. We compared demographic data, echocardiographic parameters, liver function, ions, and residual renal function as well as serum sFas and sFasL between the PH and non-PH groups. These parameters were correlated with systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) using Spearman’s correlation. Moreover, univariate and adjusted logistic regression analyses have also been conducted.ResultsThe incidence of PH in the elder dialysis patients was 39.1%. PH populations were demonstrated with significantly higher end-diastolic internal diameters of the left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle (RV), and pulmonary artery, as well as the left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVWP; all p &lt; 0.05). A higher baseline serum sFas and sFasL levels have also been identified ( p &lt; 0.001). They also showed lower fractional shortening and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; p &lt; 0.05). Following dialysis, the post-dialysis serum potassium concentration (K+) was significantly higher in the PH group ( p = 0.013). Furthermore, the adjusted regression identified that ratio of sFas/FasL (OR: 1.587, p = 0.004), RV (OR: 1.184, p = 0.014), LVPW (OR: 1.517, p = 0.007), and post-dialysis K+ (OR: 2.717, p = 0.040) was the independent risk factors for PH while LVEF (OR: 0.875, p = 0.040) protects patients from PH.ConclusionThe baseline ratio of sFas/sFasL, RV, LVPW, and post-dialysis K+ was independent risk factors for PH onset, while LVEF was a protective factor for PH.
Seins pendants. Histoire d’une curiosité des Amériques entre allégorie et science / Sagging Breasts. The History of an American Oddity between Allegory and Science
Authors: Petrella Sara 
Published: March 2022

La femme aux seins pendants est l’un des motifs iconographiques les plus célèbres de la littérature de voyage dans les Amériques du XVIe siècle, en partie grâce à Bernadette Bucher qui lui a consacré un livre entier. Cet article propose d’en renouveler l’étude en l’inscrivant dans une histoire du livre illustré et de la gravure. Il s’agira de pointer les modalités de constitution de cette figure, de l’invention d’allégories laides au XVe siècle à la diffusion de dictionnaires d’iconologie aux XVIe -XVIIe siècles, pour en arriver à l’étude des «sciences » au
XVIIIe siècle, des religions d’un côté et naturelles de l’autre. Le but est d’en ouvrir l’analyse à une perspective globale qui tienne compte des interactions entre Europe, Amériques et Afrique subsaharienne au moment de la redéfinition des frontières coloniales au XVIIIe siècle.
Savunma Sanayinde Çalışan Bireylerin Stres Düzeyleri, Besin Neofobisi ve Akdeniz Diyetine Uyumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Damla , TOPAL Gülsüm Gizem , SEVİM Sümeyra , KIZIL Mevlüde 
Published: March 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Stres besin tercihleri ve beslenme alışkanlıklarını etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma savunma sanayinde çalışan bireylerin algılanan stres düzeyleri, besin neofobisi ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren savunma sanayi kuruluşlarında çalışan 93 erkek 26 kadın olmak üzere toplam 119 yetişkin birey dahil edilmiştir. Çevrimiçi anket formu aracılığıyla katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri, antropometrik ölçüm beyanları, algılanan stres ve besin neofobisi düzeyleri ve Akdeniz diyetine bağlılıkları sorgulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Bireylerin algılanan stres düzeyleri erkeklerde 15,0±4,2, kadınlarda 16,7±2,98 puan (p>0,05) olmak üzere ortalama 15,4±4,04 olarak saptanmıştır. Bireylerin besin neofobisi skorları ortalama 36,5±10,66 puan (Erkeklerde 37,1±10,07; kadınlarda 34,1±12,51 puan), Akdeniz diyetine uyum skorları ortalama 6,1±2,04 puan (Erkeklerde 5,9±2,02; kadınlarda 6,6±2,06; puan) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bireylerin besin neofobisi düzeylerine göre algılanan stres düzeyleri ve Akdeniz diyetlerine uyumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada savunma sanayinde çalışan bireylerin algılanan stres düzeyleri, besin neofobisi ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumları arasında anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmemiştir.
Pengaruh Zakat Produktif Terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Pada Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Mustahik di Baznas Kota Palopo
Authors: Mas Nur Amal , Darwis Muh. , Fasiha Fasiha 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui peranan modal usaha dan pembinaan keterampilan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Mustahik di BAZNAS Kota Palopo dengan cara simultan dan cara parsial. Instrumen pengumpulan data pokok dengan menggunakan daftar pernyataan yang diuji dengan uji validitas serta reabilitas. Adapun metode analisis yang pergunakan yakni analisis jalur (Path Analisis), pertama-tama melakukan konversi data dari skala ordinal menjadi skala interval melalui Method Successive Interval (MSI). Objek dalam penelitian ini berupa modal usaha dan pembinaan keterampilan SDM. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa Modal Usaha (X1) secara parsial tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Y) sebesar 20,4%. Hasil pengujian hipotesis juga menunjukan bahwa Pembinaan Keterampilan SDM (X2) secara parsial tidak berpengaruh serta tidak signifikan terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Y) sebesar 34,4%. Berdasarkan hasil hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa Modal Usaha (X1) dan Pembinaan Keterampilan SDM (X2) secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Y) melalui Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Mustahik di BAZNAS Kota Palopo sebesar 15.4%. Sedangkan sebesar 84,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini.
Factores de riesgo en las infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes
Authors: Villarreal-Loor Evelyn Ivonne , San-Lucas-Mieles Tania Lisbeth , García-Zambrano Karen Stefanía , Muñoz-Villanueva María Belén 
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación asumió como objetivo general identificar los factores de riesgo en las infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes. Desde el enfoque cuantitativo, se obtuvo la información previa de los datos estadísticos demográficos, epidemiológicos disponibles en la unidad de salud sobre el registro de morbilidad de las principales causas edad y sexo. Revisión de historias clínicas de los últimos cinco años (2017-2021), considerando como criterio de exploración las fichas de adolescentes, se identificaron aquellos que registran alguna ITS. Para el análisis de datos previos de orden cuantitativo y extraído de las historias clínicas de los adolescentes atendidos, se realizó el análisis de estadística descriptiva estableciéndose además relaciones básicas. Apoyado en la revisión documental-bibliográfica, lo que permitió el análisis respectivo. Se concluye, que se deben crear líneas de acción preventiva para mejorar las condiciones de acceso a la información de estudiantes y el dialogo entre adolescentes y padres de familia.
DETEKSI EVENT PADA HASHTAG TWITTER MENGGUNAKAN DF-IDF DAN ENTROPI WAVELET
Authors: Maggang Amin Ajaib 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to detect event from a collection of tweets having same hashtag. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Document Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (DF-IDF) techniques were utilised in this research to develop and analyse the signal. Signals are developed using DF-IDF during a certain period while DWT is applied to capture the sudden change in the DF-IDF signal and display it in the form of entropy. Words that have a sudden change in signal value at the same period of time might represent an event related to the topic of the hashtag. Knowing the words will assist users to discover the event associated to the hashtag. Using 3473 tweets collected on the RIPLKY hashtag with the 20 most frequently occurring words, the results showed that DWT managed to capture the sudden change in df-idf signal related to a spike occured in the wavelet entropi. The spike was shown by three words, namely proud, sophialimx, and goals. We also found that the three words were under the same tweet, and it describes an event about the funeral of Singaporean prime minister.