bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bupivacaine inhibits the TLR4‐ and TLR2‐Myd88/NF‐κB pathways in human leukocytes
Authors: Binczak Marie , Purenne Emilien , Beloeil Hélène , Benhamou Dan , Mazoit Jean Xavier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLocal anesthetics have anti‐inflammatory effects. Because most previous experiments were performed with supra‐therapeutic concentrations, we measured the effects of clinically relevant concentrations of bupivacaine on the Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐ and TLR2‐myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)‐nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell (NF‐κB) pathways. We measured tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAP‐kinase) phosphorylation and translocation of NF‐κB in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and human monocytes challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tripalmitoylated lipopeptide Pam3CysSerLys4 (Pam3CSK4) in the presence or absence of bupivacaine. Similarly, we measured the effect of bupivacaine on HEK293 cells expressing the hTLR4 and the hTLR2 genes and challenged with LPS or Pam3CSK4. Finally, molecular docking simulations of R(+)‐ and S(−)‐bupivacaine binding to the TLR4‐myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD‐2) complex and to the TLR2/TLR1 heterodimer were performed. In PBMCs, bupivacaine from 0.1 to 100 μM inhibited LPS‐induced TNF‐α and PGE2 secretion, phosphorylation of p38 and nuclear translocation of NF‐κB in monocytes. Bupivacaine similarly inhibited the effects of Pam3CSK4 on TNF‐α secretion. Bupivacaine inhibited the effect of LPS on HEK293 cells expressing the human TLR4 receptor and the effect of Pam3CSK4 on HEK293 cells expressing the human TLR2 receptor. Molecular docking showed that bupivacaine binds to the MD‐2 co‐receptor of TLR4 and to the TLR2 receptor. Contrary to numerous experiments performed with supratherapeutic doses, our results were obtained with concentrations of bupivacaine as low as 0.1 μM. We conclude that bupivacaine modulates the inflammatory reactions such as those observed after surgery or trauma, at least partly by inhibiting the TLR4‐ and TLR2‐NF‐κB pathways.
Thermometric investigations for the characterization of fatigue crack initiation and propagation in Wire and Arc Additively Manufactured parts with as‐built surfaces
Authors: Bercelli Lorenzo , Doudard Cédric , Calloch Sylvain , Le Saux Vincent , Beaudet Julien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetal Additive Manufacturing (AM) allows for the fabrication of complex shapes with high added value at low costs. Indeed, as‐built structures are near net shape: they require few to no finishing operations. However, as‐built AM parts present significant roughness caused by the layer discretization. In the case of the Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process, used for large‐scale structures, the as‐built roughness is estimated to several hundreds of micrometers. For complex geometries, a complete machining of the surfaces is not necessarily possible. In this study, an experimental method is proposed, relying on thermoelastic stress analysis, to characterize the effect of as‐built WAAM surface roughness on high‐cycle fatigue properties. Using an infrared camera, multiple cracks can be detected and monitored over a large surface on rough WAAM samples under cyclic bending. The collected data constitutes valuable information for the identification of a fatigue model dedicated to as‐built WAAM structures.
Microbially enhanced methane uptake under warming enlarges ecosystem carbon sink in a Tibetan alpine grassland
Authors: Qi Qi , Zhao Jianshu , Tian Renmao , Zeng Yufei , Xie Changyi , Gao Qun , Dai Tianjiao , Wang Hao , He Jin‐Sheng , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. , Yang Yunfeng , Zhou Jizhong , Guo Xue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau store 23.2 Pg soil organic carbon, which becomes susceptible to microbial degradation with climate warming. However, accurate prediction of how the soil carbon stock changes under future climate warming is hampered by our limited understanding of belowground complex microbial communities. Here, we show that 4 years of warming strongly stimulated methane (CH4) uptake by 93.8% and aerobic respiration (CO2) by 11.3% in the soils of alpine grassland ecosystem. Due to no significant effects of warming on net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), the warming‐stimulated CH4 uptake enlarged the carbon sink capacity of whole ecosystem. Furthermore, precipitation alternation did not alter such warming effects, despite the significant effects of precipitation on NEE and soil CH4 fluxes were observed. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that warming led to significant shifts in the overall microbial community structure and the abundances of functional genes, which contrasted to no detectable changes after 2 years of warming. Carbohydrate utilization genes were significantly increased by warming, corresponding with significant increases in soil aerobic respiration. Increased methanotrophic genes and decreased methanogenic genes were observed under warming, which significantly (R2 = .59, p < .001) correlated with warming‐enhanced CH4 uptakes. Furthermore, 212 metagenome‐assembled genomes were recovered, including many populations involved in the degradation of various organic matter and a highly abundant methylotrophic population of the Methyloceanibacter genus. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that specific microbial functional traits for CH4 and CO2 cycling processes respond to climate warming with differential effects on soil greenhouse gas emissions. Alpine grasslands may play huge roles in mitigating climate warming through such microbially enhanced CH4 uptake.
Liver‐related complications before and after successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in people with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Isfordink Cas J. , van Erpecum Karel J. , Fischer Kathelijn , van der Valk Paul R. , van Vulpen Lize F. D. , Schutgens Roger E. G. , Arends Joop E. , Mauser‐Bunschoten Evelien P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionWith availability of direct‐acting antivirals (DAA), most persons with inherited bleeding disorders are currently cured of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The risk of liver‐related complications following HCV cure has not been reported for this population.AimReporting liver‐related complications during long‐term chronic HCV infection and following sustained virological response (SVR) in this population.MethodsRetrospective follow‐up of a prospective single‐centre cohort of HCV antibody‐positive persons with inherited bleeding disorders. Primary endpoint was liver‐related complications [hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), decompensated cirrhosis, bleeding gastroesophageal varices]. Liver‐related complications were reported separately during chronic HCV and following SVR, stratified for interferon‐based and DAA‐based SVR.ResultsIn total 309/381 (81%) HCV antibody‐positive individuals developed chronic HCV infection. Median follow‐up was 44 years [interquartile range (IQR): 34–50]. Liver‐related complications occurred in 36/309 (12%) of individuals with chronic HCV infection after median 31 years of chronic infection. Of 199 individuals with SVR, 97 were cured with interferon‐based regimens and 102 with DAA after median infection durations of 29 and 45 years, respectively. At end of follow‐up, respectively, 21% and 42% had advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Post‐SVR, seven (4%) individuals had a liver‐related complication, mainly HCC (n = 4). Incidence of liver‐related complications per 100 patient‐years post‐SVR follow‐up was .2 for interferon‐cured and 1.0 for DAA‐cured individuals (p = .01).ConclusionSuccessful HCV treatment does not eliminate the risk of liver‐related complications in persons with inherited bleeding disorders. Due to higher baseline risk, incidence was higher after DAA than interferon‐based SVR. We advise continuing HCC surveillance post‐SVR in all with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis.
Hybrid organization deconstructed: A bibliographic investigation into the origins, development, and future of the research domain
Authors: Kumar Hota Pradeep , Manoharan Bhupesh , Rakshit Krishanu , Panigrahi Padmanetri 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch on hybrid organization (HO) has grown rapidly over recent decades, yet the conceptualization and research structure remain fragmented. In this paper, we employ a combination of bibliometric analysis and a structured review of recent influential articles to evaluate the domain of HO. As part of the bibliometric analysis, we analysed 676 documents containing 51,014 references by applying citation, co‐citation, and social network analysis (SNA) techniques. Based on our analysis, we identified the 108 most influential works shaping the domain and explored the linkages between them to uncover the intellectual structure of the domain. Specifically, we observed five different clusters that depicted the intellectual structure of the HO domain. Our result further clarified the overall centrality features of the HO research network. Further, the structured review resulted in the identification of six different themes: impact of organizational actors on HO, impact of the external environment on HO, hybridization process and organizational response, organizational structure and governance, organizational strategy, and organizational performance. Building on our results, we propose a framework and explicate the gaps for future HO research.
Perceptions of candidate strength in job recruitment: Does candidate race moderate the attractiveness bias in White women?
Authors: Baker Georgia , Allen Mark S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe attractiveness bias suggests that people who are more attractive will be positively favored across life outcomes. This study sought to test whether candidate attractiveness, sex, and race, affect perceptions of candidate strength in a job recruitment task. In total, 338 White women (Mage = 20.94 ± 5.65) were asked to make judgements of a potential candidate for an administrative job (resume with candidate photograph). The vignettes differed in terms of candidate ability (strong/weak), sex (male/female), race (Black/White), and attractiveness (attractive/less attractive). Participants rated perceived candidate strength and likelihood to invite for interview. Results showed no significant main effects for attractiveness. However, there was a significant interaction for target attractiveness and race, such that attractive/White candidates were more likely to be invited for interview than less attractive/White candidates. There was also a significant main effect for race such that Black candidates were rated as stronger and more likely to be interviewed. Sensitivity analyses (with nonheterosexual women removed from the sample) also showed a main effect for target sex such that female candidates were favored over male candidates. Overall, these findings provide evidence that attractiveness, sex, and race have important, albeit complex, effects on hiring decisions in the workplace.
CD8+ T cell exhaustion in anti‐tumour immunity: The new insights for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Yijin , Jia Anna , Wang Yufei , Liu Guangwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCD8+ T cells play a crucial role in anti‐tumour immunity, but they often undergo exhaustion, which affects the anti‐tumour activity of CD8+ T cells. The effect and mechanism of exhausted CD8+ T cells have become the focus of anti‐tumour immunity research. Recently, a large number of studies have confirmed that long‐term antigen exposure can induce exhaustion. Cytokines previously have identified their effects (such as IL‐2 and IL‐10) may play a dual role in the exhaustion process of CD8+ T cells, suggesting a new mechanism of inducing exhaustion. This review just focuses our current understanding of the biology of exhausted CD8+ T cells, including differentiation pathways, cellular characteristics and signalling pathways involved in inducing exhaustion, and summarizes how these can be applied to tumour immunotherapy.
The role of life satisfaction in the association between problematic technology use and anxiety in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Luengo‐González Raquel , Noriega‐Matanza Mª Concepción , Espín‐Lorite Ernesto J. , García‐Sastre Mª Montserrat , Rodríguez‐Rojo Inmaculada C. , Cuesta‐Lozano Daniel , Peñacoba‐Puente Cecilia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to explore problematic technology use among adolescents (Internet, video games, mobiles, and television) and its association with anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, we also analysed the possible moderating role of life satisfaction in this relationship during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Spain. A cross‐sectional survey of 4025 children and adolescents (52% females and 48% males) between 12 and 18 years old was carried out to explore problematic technology use and its correlation with anxiety and life satisfaction after pandemic lockdown. Four multivariate regressions containing the independent variable (problematic technology use), the moderator (life satisfaction), and their interaction were entered to predict the outcome (anxiety). The moderated models were examined using SPSS PROCESS macro software (Model 1). Analyses showed significant positive correlations with anxiety and negative correlations with life satisfaction regarding problematic technology use (mobile phone, television, and internet). Both gender and age had a significant direct effect on anxiety (showing that women and older participants had the greatest anxiety). In the moderation analysis, when life satisfaction was higher, the presence of anxiety symptoms depended to a greater extent on the problematic use of technology. Our results confirm that problematic technology use is related to higher levels of anxiety in adolescents, with differences by age and gender. The results also showed that life satisfaction mediated the relationship between technology abuse and anxiety, such that when life satisfaction was higher, the presence of anxiety symptoms was more dependent on problematic technology use. These findings have implications for health and education professionals.
An evaluation of documentation and follow‐up on the use of SBIRT in an outpatient behavioral health clinic through the use of the CRAFFT tool
Authors: Fernald Maria , Cassidy Brenda , Ren Dianxu , Mitchell Ann , Kameg Brayden 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubstance use among adolescents continues to present as a public health concern. Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an effective process that has been proven to identify, reduce, and prevent at‐risk use of substances when appropriately applied. The CRAFFT tool is an evidence‐based screen used to identify substance use in adolescents aged 12–21 years of age.PurposeThe purpose of this project is to assess the rates of substance use in the adolescent population at a behavioral health clinic through the CRAFFT tool while also assessing for provider documentation compliance and overall revenue benefits of SBIRT.MethodologyA retrospective chart review was used for this practice evaluation. Descriptive statistics were used through assessing frequencies and averages to gain insight not only on the rates of at‐risk substance use and documentation compliance, but also on psychiatric diagnoses and medication regimens.ResultsThree hundred and forty‐one patient encounters were reviewed over a 3‐month period. Of these 341 encounters, 63.6% of the visits were in‐person and 36.4% were conducted virtually. 72.4% of patient encounters had no documented CRAFFT screen, yet 31% of completed CRAFFT screens were positive for substance use or misuse. For those encounters with no completed CRAFFT screen documented, there was an estimated lost income for potential billings at a rate of $33.41 per encounter for a total of $8252.27.ConclusionsSubstance use and misuse in adolescents continues to exist as a public health concern. The CRAFFT tool can be a feasible means of screening for substance use in adolescents when consistently and longitudinally incorporated.
Toward an operational definition of shared decision making: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Chambers David W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRationaleShared decision making has been widely advocated and evaluated in diverse ways for 4 decades.Aims and ObjectivesBut there is scant evidence that it is commonly accepted by or has influence on practitioners' behaviour or that it positively affects patient health outcomes. This situation may be due in part to the absence of a commonly agreed operational definition of the construct. This is admitted in the literature and has led to multiple approaches to evaluation.MethodAn operational definition is proposed based on ethical parity among parties, sharing of mutually interacting expectations and analysis of decisions as commitment to action rather than information.ResultsShared decision making occurs when two autonomous and uncoerced agents both commit to actions that neither has reason to want to change based on their understanding of anticipated outcomes given the situation at hand and of the intended actions of the other party.ConclusionIt is a broader concept than providing information regarding treatment alternatives in the office.
Rasch‐built overall disability scale for POEMS syndrome (POEMS‐RODS)
Authors: Keh Ryan Yann Shern , Lilleker James B. , Lavin Tim , Sive Jonathan , D'Sa Shirley , Ramdharry Gita , Carr Aisling S. , Lunn Michael P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatient‐reported outcome measures engage patients in disease severity measurement and the metrics reported can be meaningful to their lives. The Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal protein and Skin changes syndrome (POEMS) is a complex multisystem disorder with disabling neuropathy which is distinct from other acquired inflammatory neuropathies. No current POEMS‐specific validated disability scales exist. To address this, we have produced a Rasch‐built overall disability scale (RODS) specific to POEMS. A 146‐item preliminary questionnaire containing relevant activity and participation items for neuropathic disability was applied to 49 clinically stable patients with POEMS from the UK national POEMS cohort. A total of 123 items not fulfilling Rasch model expectations were sequentially removed. The final 23‐item POEMS‐RODS fulfilled Rasch model expectations and showed acceptable test‐retest reliability. The 23‐item POEMS‐RODS is a disease‐specific patient‐reported outcome measure able to detect activity limitations within the range of ability demonstrated by the UK POEMS cohort. Larger international studies are needed to confirm the broader applicability and responsiveness of this scale in other countries.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis in Iranian women: Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility pattern
Authors: Khaksar Baniasadi Ali , Ayatollahi Mosavi Seyyed Amin , Sharifi Iraj , Bamorovat Mehdi , Salari Samira , Ahmadi Atefeh , Amanizadeh Azam , Agha Kuchak Afshari Setareh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), is a common fungal infection that remains a global concern. The objectives of this study were molecular identification and assessment of the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species, causing VVC in southeast Iran.MethodsA cross‐sectional investigation was carried out on 119 nonpregnant females suspected of VVC between February 2019 and May 2021. Yeast samples were characterized to the species level by conventional and molecular methods. All Candida isolates were examined for in vitro susceptibility profile to six conventional antifungal drugs using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.ResultsOut of 119 subjects, 52 (43.7%) cases were affected by VVC, out of whom 11 (21.15%) cases had recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). The species distribution was as follows; Candida albicans (n = 21; 40.4%), C. glabrata (n = 11; 21.2%), C. tropicalis (n = 9; 17.3%), C. parapsilosis (n = 5; 9.7%), C. africana (n = 3; 5.7%), C. famata (n = 1; 1.9%), C. lusitaniae (n = 1; 1.9%), and C. dubliniensis (n = 1; 1.9%). The resistance rate of Candida isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole were 15.38%, 11.5%, and 3.8%, respectively. Resistance to fluconazole was obtained in 46% (5/11) of RVVC cases but only in 7% (3/41) of VVC cases.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the majority of VVC cases were caused by non‐albicans Candida species which also were resistant to some antifungal agents. Hence, our findings revealed the importance of conducting periodical epidemiological studies to determine changes in species distribution. Moreover, for effective management of treatment and infection, it is imperative to evaluate the susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from VVC patients.
Optimal gestational weight gain in Chinese pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fan Xiaoxiao , Dai Jiamiao , He Jing , Tian Ruixue , Xu Jingqi , Song Jiayang , Bai Jinbing , Liu Yanqun , Zou Zhijie , Chen Xiaoli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the optimal gestational weight gain (GWG) for Chinese pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the Chinese‐specific body mass index (BMI) classification.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2017–2020 data from pregnant women with GDM in a tertiary hospital. A quadratic function model and the total predicted probability of adverse pregnancy outcomes were developed to obtain the optimal GWG. Differences in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes between our optimal GWG recommendations and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 GWG guidelines were also analyzed.ResultsA total of 8103 pregnant women with GDM were analyzed. Based on the Chinese‐specific BMI classification, the optimal GWG range was 11.0–17.5 kg for underweight women, 3.7–9.7 kg for normal‐weight women, −0.6 to 4.8 kg for overweight women, and − 9.8 to 4.2 kg for obese women. Excessive GWG had a higher risk of large for gestational age (LGA) (OR: 2.99, 95% CI: 2.42–3.70), macrosomia (OR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.77–3.12), pre‐eclampsia (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.37–2.65), gestational hypertension (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.24–2.19), cesarean section (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.15–1.44), postpartum hemorrhage (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02–1.64); insufficient GWG had a higher risk of small for gestational age (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.20–2.75). Compared to the IOM 2009 GWG guidelines, the prevalence of macrosomia, LGA, and postpartum hemorrhage were significantly lower in pregnant women following the implementation of our recommended GWG range (p < 0.05).ConclusionsCompared to the IOM 2009 GWG recommendations, our optimal GWG recommendations for Chinese pregnant women were more sensitive.