bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves on the Macrophage Count and VEGF Expression on Wistar Rats with Burn Wound
Authors: Valentina Agnes Stella , Najatullah  , Trilaksana Nugroho  , Neni Susilaningsih  
Published: May 2022

Background: One modality type of burn wound therapy is topical silver sulfadiazine. Recently, research about topical herb medicine has grown. Moringa oleifera (MO) is a kind of herb plant that has an anti-inflammation effect and has an influence on angiogenesis, so it tends to faster burn wound healing. This study aimed to prove the effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on the macrophage count and VEGF expression in Wistar rats with burn wounds.
Methods: The research design that was used is "Randomized post-test with a control group." The study population used 24 male Wistar rats that were induced burn wounds and randomly divided into 4 groups which were given medicine topically once daily for 7 days. Treatment groups included: I (MO leaves extract 10%), II (SSD + MO leaves extract 10%), III (SSD), dan IV (pure vehiculum). Exudation was assessed macroscopically, while PMN and macrophage amount were assessed microscopically with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Data were analyzed and processed using hypothesis test One Way ANOVA – Post Hoc Bonferroni, Kruskal Wallis – Mann Whitney, and correlation test Spearman and Pearson with SPSS 25.0 program.
Results: Significant difference obtained in macrophage amount between II group and IV group (p 0,000). There was no significant difference in VEGF expression. There was also no correlation between macrophage amount and VEGF expression.
Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves extract proved to be effective in decreasing macrophage cell count on Wistar rats with burn wounds.
Cortisol Level Related to Depression in Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Abadi Adnan , Indrabrata Aria , Zulqarnain Iskandar , Theodorus  , Sahab Abdullah , Effendi Kemas Yusuf , Manan Heriyadi , Usman Fatimah , Nurtjahyo Awan , Kesty Cindy 
Published: May 2022

Background: Several main symptoms of endometriosis can lead to physical and psychological stress and also hormonal disturbances as the result of prolonged stress. Cortisol was associated with the onset of depression. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cortisol levels and depression in women with endometriosis at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital (RSMH) Palembang.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility outpatient clinic and inpatient ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang, from January to November 2020. There were 74 samples of endometriosis patients who met the inclusion criteria. The blood cortisol level was examined using the ELISA method. The determination of depression level was performed by filling out the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.
Results: Seventy-four samples met the inclusion criteria. As many as 44 patients (59.5%) without depression, 20 patients (27%) with mild depression, 8 patients (10.8%) with moderate depression, and only 2 patients (2.7%) with severe depression. There were no differences in age, marital status, parity, menstrual cycle, and duration of treatment between endometriosis patients with and without depression (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in cortisol levels between endometriosis patients with and without depression (p = 0.017). Endometriosis patients with cortisol levels ≤ 7.4 mg/dl were three times more at risk of depression than endometriosis patients with cortisol levels > 7.4 mg/dl. In addition, there was a significant relationship between cortisol level and depression status (OR = 3.023 (95% CI 1.153–7.942; p = 0.041). This study also found a significantly low negative correlation between cortisol levels and BDI scores (r = -0.249; p = 0.032).
Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between serum cortisol levels and depression in women with endometriosis. Endometriosis patients with depression had significantly lower cortisol levels than endometriosis patients without depression.
Serious complication of chronic hidradenitis suppurativa: perineal squamous carcinoma.
Authors: Fernández Isart M , Estrada Cuixart J , García Ladaria JG , Coll Sastre M , González Argente X , Rovira Alós M 
Published: May 2022

Resumen

La hidrosadenitis supurativa crónica es una afección dermatológica muy frecuente y se inicia a edad muy temprana, en la juventud , por lo que al ser enfermedad crónica presenta una evolución muy larga. Su complicación más grave es el carcinoma escamoso y la localización perineal puede conllevar a cirugías muy agresivas.

La presentación de carcinoma escamoso a nivel perineal secundario a hidrosadenitis supurativa crónica es raro , peroconlleva alta recurrencia, progresión rápida y alta mortalidad por lo que precisa su conocimiento y actuación precoz.
Effectiveness of the placement of self-expanding prostheses in occlusive neoplasms of the left and sigmoid colon.
Authors: Bernabeu García A , Julia Verdaguer E , Hidalgo Grau L , del Bas Rubia M , Estrada Ferrer O , Clos Ferrero P , Suñol Sala X 
Published: May 2022

Resumen

Introducción y objetivos: Tradicionalmente la neoplasia de colon izquierdo oclusiva era tributaria de cirugía urgente. En los últimos años, existe la posibilidad de diferir la cirugía mediante la colocación endoscópica de una prótesis metálica autoexpandible (PA) y realizar una cirugía oncológica óptima electiva posteriormente. Puede recurrirse a las PA de forma paliativa. Revisamos la efectividad de las PA en la resolución del cuadro oclusivo en la neoplasia de colon izquierdo.

Materiales y métodos: Presentamos 93 pacientes a los que se les indicó la colocación de PA, 18 con intención paliativa (Pal) y 75 como puente a la cirugía (PC) entre enero 2005 a diciembre 2019. Consideramos la tasa de éxitos, complicaciones y tiempo entre la colocación de la PA y la cirugía en los PC. El estudio estadístico se realizó mediante el test de Chi-cuadrado y T-Student.

Resultados: Obtuvimos una efectividad del 77,42% con las PA en la resolución de la oclusión. Sin diferencias significativas en la efectividad de las PA entre Pal y PC. En caso de fracaso de la PA, se realizó la intervención de Hartmann de forma mayoritaria.

Se produjeron 15 complicaciones secundarias a la PA (20%). De ellos, 12 (16%) fueron tributarios de cirugía urgente. Sin diferencias significativas entre las complicaciones entre Pal y PC. El tiempo medio entre la colocación de la PA hasta la cirugía fue de 15.9 días.

Conclusiones: La utilización de PA en la neoplasia oclusiva de colon izquierdo es segura y efectiva. Permite un mayor abordaje laparoscópico en caso de PC.
Incidental finding of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with an initial diagnosis of papillary carcinoma
Authors: García García B , Soler Humanes R , Fernández Serrano JL , Ocaña Wilhelmi LT 
Published: May 2022

Resumen

El carcinoma anaplásico de tiroides es poco común (5-10% cánceres de tiroides) pero se trata de una de las neoplasias malignas más letales. Normalmente se diagnostica de forma tardía siendo en ese momento irresecable. El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza mediante estudio histológico. En cuanto al tratamiento, la combinación de cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia es la que obtiene mejores resultados.

Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 69 años intervenida de hemitiroidectomía izquierda por nódulo tiroideo inicialmente con PAAF de proliferación folicular y con anatomía patológica definitiva tras la exéresis de carcinoma papilar de tiroides. Se realiza cirugía totalizadora con resultado histológico de carcinoma anaplásico de tiroides.
Thermal Comptonization in a Changing Corona in the Changing-look Active Galaxy NGC 1566
Authors: Tripathi Prakash , Dewangan Gulab Chand 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present broadband UV/X-ray spectral variability of the changing-look active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 1566, based on simultaneous near-ultraviolet and X-ray observations performed by the XMM-Newton, Swift, and NuSTAR satellites at five different epochs during the declining phase of the 2018 outburst. We found that the accretion disk, soft X-ray excess, and X-ray power-law components were extremely variable. Additionally, the X-ray power-law flux was correlated with both the soft excess plus disk and the pure disk fluxes. Our finding shows that at high-flux levels the soft X-ray excess and the disk emission both provided the seed photons for thermal Comptonization in the hot corona, whereas at low-flux levels, where the soft excess was absent, the pure disk emission alone provided the seed photons. The X-ray power-law photon index was only weakly variable (ΔΓhot ≤ 0.06), and it was not well correlated with the X-ray flux over the declining timescale. On the other hand, we found that the electron temperature of the corona increased from ∼22 to ∼200 keV with the decreasing numbers of seed photons from 2018 June to 2019 August. At the same time, the optical depth of the corona decreased from τ
hot ∼ 4 to ∼0.7, and the scattering fraction increased from ∼1% to ∼10%. These changes suggest structural changes in the hot corona, such as it was growing in size and becoming hotter with the decreasing accretion rate during the declining phase. The AGN is most likely evolving with a decreasing accretion rate toward a state similar to the low/hard state of black hole X-ray binaries.
Detection of a Broad 8 μm UIR Feature in the Mid-infrared Spectrum of WR 125 Observed with Subaru/COMICS
Authors: Endo Izumi , Lau Ryan M. , Sakon Itsuki , Onaka Takashi , Williams Peredur M. , Shenavrin Victor I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the detection of a broad 8 μm feature in newly formed dust around the carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet (WC) binary WR 125 from N-band low-resolution (NL; R ∼ 250) spectroscopy between 7.3 and 13.6 μm and N-band (11.7 μm) and Q-band (18.8 μm) imaging with Subaru/COMICS in 2019 October. WR 125 is a colliding-wind binary (WC7 + O9) that exhibited renewed dust formation starting in 2018, ∼28 yr after its first dust formation episode had been observed. We also compare our infrared photometry with historical observations and revise the dust formation period of WR 125 to 28.1 yr. Archival infrared spectra of five dusty WC stars, WR 48a, WR 98a, WR 104, WR 112, and WR 118, obtained with Infrared Space Observatory/Short-Wavelength Spectrometer are reanalyzed and compared with the WR 125 spectrum to search for a similar feature. We analyze the dusty WC spectra using two different extinction curves to investigate the impact of interstellar extinction correction on the presence and/or properties of the 8 μm feature. All of the dusty WC spectra dereddened with the two different extinction curves show a broad feature around 8 μm (FWHM ∼ 1–2 μm). We suggest that these 8 μm features seen in the dusty WC spectra are related to the Class C unidentified infrared features.
Practical Stereophotoclinometry for Modeling Shape and Topography on Planetary Missions
Authors: Palmer Eric E. , Gaskell Robert , Daly Michael G. , Barnouin Olivier S. , Adam Coralie D. , Lauretta Dante S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Stereophotoclinometry (SPC) is a technique to extract topographic information from images acquired by spacecraft. It combines stereophotogrammetry and photoclinometry to produce a product that has the accuracy of stereo with the resolution of photoclinometry without the restrictions common to both. We describe the implementation of this technique in the context of digital terrain model (DTM) generation for a small-body mission. We detail the process and the data used to generate SPC-derived DTMs at progressively increasing resolutions. The highest-quality DTMs are generated using four images optimized for topography, a 30° emission angle with the emission azimuth (spacecraft position) to the north, east, south, and west of the target, and one image optimized for albedo (a low incidence angle such that most of the image pixels’ digital numbers are based upon albedo rather than topography). We discuss implications for mission planning and how SPC-based DTM generation can support spacecraft navigation. As a case study, we share outcomes from the modeling performed for the OSIRIS-REx mission to asteroid Bennu.
Ground Testing of Digital Terrain Models to Prepare for OSIRIS-REx Autonomous Vision Navigation Using Natural Feature Tracking
Authors: Mario C. E. , Miller C. J. , Norman C. D. , Palmer E. E. , Weirich J. , Barnouin O. S. , Daly M. G. , Seabrook J. A. , Lorenz D. A. , Olds R. D. , Gaskell R. , Bos B. J. , Rizk B. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer) spacecraft collected a sample from the asteroid Bennu in 2020. This achievement leveraged an autonomous optical navigation approach called Natural Feature Tracking (NFT). NFT provided spacecraft state updates by correlating asteroid surface features rendered from previously acquired terrain data with images taken by the onboard navigation camera. The success of NFT was the culmination of years of preparation and collaboration to ensure that feature data would meet navigation requirements. This paper presents the findings from ground testing performed prior to the spacecraft's arrival at Bennu, in which synthetic data were used to develop and validate the technical approach for building NFT features. Correlation sensitivity testing using synthetic models of Bennu enabled the team to characterize the terrain properties that worked well for feature correlation, the challenges posed by smoother terrain, and the impact of imaging conditions on correlation performance. The team found that models constructed from image data by means of stereophotoclinometry (SPC) worked better than those constructed from laser altimetry data, except when test image pixel sizes were more than a factor of 2 smaller than those of the images used for SPC, and when topography was underrepresented and resulted in incorrect shadows in rendered features. Degradation of laser altimetry data related to noise and spatial sampling also led to poor correlation performance. Albedo variation was found to be a key contributor to correlation performance; topographic data alone were insufficient for NFT.
Autonomous Navigation Performance Using Natural Feature Tracking during the OSIRIS-REx Touch-and-Go Sample Collection Event
Authors: Norman C. D. , Miller C. J. , Olds R. D. , Mario C. E. , Palmer E. E. , Barnouin O. S. , Daly M. G. , Weirich J. R. , Seabrook J. A. , Bennett C. A. , Rizk B. , Bos B. J. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
When the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft collected a sample of surface material from asteroid Bennu in 2020 October, it was the first time that an autonomous optical navigation system relying on natural terrain features had been used to guide a spacecraft to a planetary surface. This system, called Natural Feature Tracking (NFT), works by rendering features from digital terrain models and then correlating them with the terrain in real-time navigation images to estimate the spacecraft's position and velocity with respect to the asteroid. Here we describe how the OSIRIS-REx mission built the catalog of features for NFT and how those features performed during rehearsals for and execution of the Touch-and-Go (TAG) sample collection event. Feature performance (quality and accuracy of match) in the rendering and correlation process is the basis of the NFT measurement. All features scored well above the minimum correlation threshold thanks to the effort invested in selecting and modeling them. Residuals across the TAG trajectory were small, indicating that features in the catalog were defined consistently relative to each other. NFT delivered the spacecraft to within 1 m of the targeted location, with a difference of only 3.5 cm and 1.4 s from the predicted location and time of touch. This exceptional performance was crucial for spacecraft safety given Bennu's rough and hazardous terrain.
The Use of Digital Terrain Models for Natural Feature Tracking at Asteroid Bennu
Authors: Olds R. D. , Miller C. J. , Norman C. D. , Mario C. E. , Berry K. , Palmer E. , Barnouin O. S. , Daly M. G. , Weirich J. R. , Seabrook J. A. , Bennett C. A. , Lorenz D. , Rizk B. , Bos B. J. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission rendezvoused with asteroid (101955) Bennu in 2018 with the primary objective of collecting a sample of regolith from the surface. As the first NASA asteroid sample return mission, OSIRIS-REx deployed several new technologies to achieve program objectives. Here we present an overview of Natural Feature Tracking (NFT), a system developed to autonomously guide the spacecraft to the desired sampling site using optical navigation and the natural terrain on the surface of Bennu. NFT utilized a series of image-based digital terrain models (DTMs) constructed by means of stereophotoclinometry to represent patches on the surface of the asteroid. These DTMs were used to generate synthetic renderings of the terrain and identify features for use in navigating to the sampling location. In addition, high-resolution models of the sampling site constructed from scanning lidar data were used for predicting the time and location of contact with the surface. These models went through a series of validation tests to ensure the performance of the NFT system. When the spacecraft executed the sampling trajectory in 2020 October, NFT enabled real-time guidance updates that delivered it safely to the desired sampling location while also providing critical hazard avoidance capabilities in the rocky Bennu environment.
Infection prevention and control awareness, attitudes, and practices among healthcare professionals in South India
Authors: Thazha Suhas K. , Cruz Jonas Preposi , Alquwez Nahed , Scaria Bibin , Rengan Sameesh S. , Almazan Joseph U. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Infection is a key challenge in healthcare settings around the world. Healthcare professionals (HCPs), including medical laboratory technologists (MLTs) and nurses, are at risk of infection because they are in close contact with infected patients. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the awareness, attitude, and practices of Infection Prevention Control (IPC) among HCPs working in private tertiary hospitals in two states in South India.
Methodology: This quantitative study surveyed 571 HCPs in southern India. In September 2021, an online survey was used to collect data on the respondents’ demographic and IPC-related variables, as well as their awareness, attitudes, and practices of IPC.
Results: The survey revealed high level of awareness, positive attitudes, and good IPC practices. Among the IPC practices, “changing gloves between contacts with different patients” was the most often practiced and “washing hands after removal of gloves” was the least practiced. Being a nurse, being older, finishing a graduate program, attending a risk assessment training, having sufficient Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) at work, and being aware of the safety guidelines were associated with better awareness. Being a nurse, being older, and holding a diploma were associated with more positive attitudes. Being MLT, attending risk assessment training, having sufficient PPE at work, and being aware of the safety guidelines were associated with better IPC practices.
Conclusions: Measures to sustain the high awareness, positive attitudes, and good IPC practices by dealing with the factors associated with these variables identified in this study must be planned and implemented.
The occurrence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Iqbal Azhar , Shafique Muhammad , Zahoor Muhammad Asif , Muzammil Saima , Nawaz Zeeshan , Jabbar Abdul , Khurshid Mohsin , Hussain Riaz , Islam Md. Akhttarul , Almatroudi Ahmad , Allemailem Khaled Saleh , Rasool Muhammad Hidayat , Aslam Bilal 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The resource constraints make it difficult to diagnose and monitor the cases of MDR-TB. GeneXpert is a recognized tool used to diagnose the patients of pulmonary tuberculosis in clinical settings across the globe.
Methodology: The present one-year cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the occurrence of MDR-TB in patients with pulmonary TB. A total of 1000 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis were included in this study. A random convenient sampling technique was done to collect the sputum samples (twice) from the patients. Samples were processed for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using conventional detection methods like the Ziehl Nelson staining method and fluorescent microscopy. Additionally, Cepheid GeneXpert was used for molecular detection of MDR-TB in smear-positive samples of pulmonary tuberculosis by amplifying the rifampicin resistance determining region (RRDR; rpoB gene). All the tests were performed in the biosafety level III lab of District Headquarters Hospital Nankana Sahib.
Results: It was observed that 103 (10.3%) individuals were diagnosed as positive for tuberculosis among 1000 patients. Among these 103 TB positive cases, there were 11 (10.7%) patients diagnosed with rifampicin resistance gene (RR-Gene) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Conclusions: Overall findings of the study showed that MDR-TB is prevalent in pulmonary TB patients and GeneXpert is the most sensitive technique for early diagnosis of the disease, which may be very helpful in the treatment and control of this public health menace in low and middle-income countries.
Factors associated with tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus type 2 binomial in rural population of Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Yague-Santiago Zaira Liz , Ramírez-Díaz María del Pilar , Velázquez- Ramírez Doireyner Daniel , Zenteno-Cuevas Roberto , Luna-Hernández Jorge Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing condition that hinders the treatment and control of tuberculosis (TB). Several factors promote this comorbidity showing variations according to characteristics of the population affected. The objective was to identify the factors associated with the comorbidity of TB-T2DM in a rural population of Oaxaca, Mexico.
Methodology: This was an unpaired case-control study. Descriptive statistics was performed for clinical and sociodemographic variables. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) to identify associated factors with TB-T2DM binomial.
Results: 126 controls (TB+ T2DM-) and 69 cases (TB+ T2DM+) were included. 43% were considered as indigenous population. Significant differences were found according to the groups. Treatment failure was higher in individuals with binomial (p = 0.015), as well as a higher bacillary load (two crosses) and presence of pulmonary TB (p ≤ 0.001). Association analysis showed that the risk factors of binomial were: female sex (OR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.24-4.92), age ≥ 45 years (OR = 2.90; 95% CI 1.42-5.92), body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR = 2.69; 95% CI 1.25-5.77) and presenting > 6 symptoms (OR = 2.71; 95% CI 1.19-6.14).
Conclusions: This is the first report of this comorbidity in a rural Mexican population. The results highlight the growing problem of TB-T2DM, and the need to address the issue from an integral and gender perspective. Furthermore, mandatory screening is necessary in patients with T2DM to improve early diagnosis of TB and T2DM. This would promote better management of both conditions.