bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium deficiency worldwide: prevalence of inadequate intakes and associated health outcomes
Authors: Shlisky Julie , Mandlik Rubina , Askari Sufia , Abrams Steven , Belizan Jose M. , Bourassa Megan W. , Cormick Gabriela , Driller‐Colangelo Amalia , Gomes Filomena , Khadilkar Anuradha , Owino Victor , Pettifor John M. , Rana Ziaul H. , Roth Daniel E. , Weaver Connie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDietary calcium deficiency is considered to be widespread globally, with published estimates suggesting that approximately half of the world's population has inadequate access to dietary calcium. Calcium is essential for bone health, but inadequate intakes have also been linked to other health outcomes, including pregnancy complications, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Populations in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) are at greatest risk of low calcium intakes, although many individuals in high‐income countries (HICs) also do not meet recommendations. Paradoxically, many LMICs with lower calcium intakes show lower rates of osteoporotic fracture as compared with HICs, though data are sparse. Calcium intake recommendations vary across agencies and may need to be customized based on other dietary factors, health‐related behaviors, or the risk of calcium‐related health outcomes. The lack of standard methods to assess the calcium status of an individual or population has challenged efforts to estimate the prevalence of calcium deficiency and the global burden of related adverse health consequences. This paper aims to consolidate available evidence related to the global prevalence of inadequate calcium intakes and associated health outcomes, with the goal of providing a foundation for developing policies and population‐level interventions to safely improve calcium intake and status where necessary.
Mental Health and Employment: A Bounding Approach Using Panel Data*
Authors: Bryan Mark L , Rice Nigel , Roberts Jennifer , Sechel Cristina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effect of mental health on employment is a key policy question, but reliable causal estimates are elusive. Exploiting panel data and extending recent techniques using selection on observables to provide information on selection along unobservables, we estimate that transitioning into poor mental health leads to a 1.6% point reduction in the probability of employment; approximately 10% of the raw employment gap. Selection into mental health is almost entirely based on time‐invariant characteristics, rendering fixed effects estimates unbiased in this context, meaning researchers no longer have to rely on the narrow local average treatment effects of most health/work IV studies.
Comparative study on classifications of AJCC 8th and 7th in the patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yu Shun , Yu Zi‐Li , Ye Zi‐Wu , Jia Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesDepth of invasion (DOI) is the most important predictor for lymph node metastasis in early‐stage oral cancer. This study aims to investigate the effects of the different classifications of AJCC 7th and 8th on predicting lymph node metastasis and the optimal cutoff point for DOI predicting the lymph node metastasis in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).Materials and methodsWe performed a retrospective study in 208 TSCC patients in early T stage without clinical or radiological signs of lymph node metastasis. Those patients were treated with elective neck dissection (END) between April 2019 and December 2020. And the relation between DOI and lymph node metastasis was analyzed.ResultsMetastases were found in 58 of 208 patients (27.88%). Of those 58 patients, the mean DOI was 8.311 mm compared to 5.425 mm in patients without metastases (p < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) showed an area under the curve of 0.7066 with the most optimal cutoff point on a DOI of 4.050 mm (sensitivity 86.21%, specificity 52%). Linear regression analysis (1 mm ≤ DOI ≤6 mm) revealed that a DOI ≥ 3.211 mm predicated an incidence of occult lymph node metastasis greater than 20%. Regional metastases were found in 12.82% of patients with DOI ≤ 4.0 mm. Within the entire cohort, 60 cases (28.85%) got upgraded with respect to T stage. No tumor underwent downstaging.ConclusionThe 8th edition provides better lymph node metastasis prediction for TSCC than the 7th. And DOI is a poor predictor for regional metastasis in patients with early T stage clinically node‐negative TSCC. END in patients with early‐stage TSCC should be performed in patients with DOI ≥ 3.211 mm.
Integrated multi‐omic data and analyses reveal the pathways underlying key ornamental traits in carnation flowers
Authors: Zhang Xiaoni , Lin Shengnan , Peng Dan , Wu Quanshu , Liao Xuezhu , Xiang Kunli , Wang Zehao , Tembrock Luke R. , Bendahmane Mohammed , Bao Manzhu , Wu Zhiqiang , Fu Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2022

SummaryCarnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) is one of the most popular ornamental flowers in the world. Although numerous studies on carnations exist, the underlying mechanisms of flower color, fragrance, and the formation of double flowers remain unknown. Here, we employed an integrated multi‐omics approach to elucidate the genetic and biochemical pathways underlying the most important ornamental features of carnation flowers. First, we assembled a high‐quality chromosome‐scale genome (636 Mb with contig N50 as 14.67 Mb) of D. caryophyllus, the ‘Scarlet Queen’. Next, a series of metabolomic datasets was generated with a variety of instrumentation types from different parts of the flower at multiple stages of development to assess spatial and temporal differences in the accumulation of pigment and volatile compounds. Finally, transcriptomic data were generated to link genomic, biochemical, and morphological patterns to propose a set of pathways by which ornamental traits such as petal coloration, double flowers, and fragrance production are formed. Among them, the transcription factors bHLHs, MYBs, and a WRKY44 homolog are proposed to be important in controlling petal color patterning and genes such as coniferyl alcohol acetyltransferase and eugenol synthase are involved in the synthesis of eugenol. The integrated dataset of genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics presented herein provides an important foundation for understanding the underlying pathways of flower development and coloration, which in turn can be used for selective breeding and gene editing for the development of novel carnation cultivars.
A philosopher's guide to multidimensional equality
Authors: Olson Kristi A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTake a distribution involving two or more dimensions—say, apples and oranges. If Smith fares better on one dimension, while Jones fares better on another, how do we compare them? Rawlsians call this the indexing problem: how do we identify the worst‐off group overall? Proponents of the capabilities approach call it the aggregation problem: how do we weight the various dimensions? This essay examines possible solutions, including interpersonal comparisons of utility, the envy test, the egalitarian equivalent approach, undominated diversity, and the solidarity test. Although this essay does not solve the problem, it does identify the crucial question: should we equalize each person's bundle of resources or capabilities, the extent to which each person's bundle fits her preferences, or standing in the community? Since the question is normative—what should we equalize?—philosophers have much to contribute to the debate, and the payoff could be considerable: both policy decisions and other egalitarian debates could hinge on the answer.
Glutamine synthetase: an unlikely case of functional redundancy in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Moreira E. , Coimbra S. , Melo P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlutamine synthetase (GS, EC 6.3.1.2) is an essential enzyme in plant metabolism, catalysing the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen into the amino acid glutamine. GS is a key enzyme in plant growth and has received special attention due to its recognized roles in plant nitrogen use efficiency and crop productivity. It occurs in plants as a collection of isoenzymes, located in the cytosol (GS1) and plastids (GS2), consistent with the multiplicity of roles played in plant metabolism. It is considered that the different isoenzymes, involved in a wide variety of physiological processes throughout the plant life cycle, perform non‐redundant and non‐overlapping roles. In fact, specific and non‐redundant roles of GS isoenzymes in nitrogen metabolism were observed in species like Oryza sativa and Zea mays. However, in A. thaliana the GS isoenzymes, five cytosolic and one plastidic, are suggested to have functional redundancy and an isoenzyme compensation mechanism, specific to this species, was described. This review integrates analyses on the likely roles of the distinct cytosol‐ and plastid‐located GS isoenzymes in A. thaliana, highlighting the redundancy of the GS gene family specifically occurring in this model plant.
Immunocastration with gene vaccine (KISS1) induces a cell‐mediated immune response in ram testis: A transcriptome evaluation
Authors: Ahmed Sohail , Bo Dongdong , Zhao Jiayu , Liu Guiqiong , Ding Yi , Jiang Xunping , Wassie Teketay , Jing Haijing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImmunocastration vaccines achieve their effects through neutralization of the endogenous hormone by the humoral antibody produced against the immunized genes, but there is little information regarding cell‐mediated immune response on the gonadal function of the immunized model is available. In this study, we used ram as a model animal to identify the cellular immune response in testicular tissues of rams immunized with intranasal KISS1 gene vaccine. The immune castration model was evaluated by sexual behaviours, spermatogenesis and serum hormone profiles after the KISS1 gene immunization. Transcriptome analysis of testicular tissues was carried out to identify the expressions of protein‐coding genes involved in cellular immunity. The results showed that we successfully constructed the KISS1 immune castration ram model, in which testicular growth and development, testosterone and kisspeptin‐54 levels, and sexual function were suppressed in immunized rams (p < .05). Using Hiseq™ 2000 high sequencing for ram testicular, we identified 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cellular immunity, of which, 14 genes were upregulated and seven genes were downregulated in the testis of the immunized group (p < .05). The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed that these differentially expressed genes were enriched in the antigen presentation process mediated by MHC class I and the cytotoxic pathway mediated by natural killer cells. It is concluded that KISS1 gene vaccine induced the cell‐mediated immune response in testicular tissue to suppress reproductive activities in rams.
Effect of compulsory education on retirement financial outcomes: evidence from China*
Authors: Chen Bingzheng , Deng Peiyun , Fan Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the first causal evidence that compulsory education improves retirement financial outcomes in a developing economy. By exploiting the 1986 compulsory schooling reform in China, we show that compulsory education increases rural residents’ participation in the New Rural Pension Scheme, the world’s largest public pension program. Using an instrumental variables strategy in a difference‐in‐differences framework, we find that an additional year of schooling significantly increases pension participation by 3.5 percentage points, and this positive result is more prominent among women. Mechanism analysis suggests that cognition and access to information are essential pathways in the education–pension nexus.
Considering poststructuralist discursive community psychology
Authors: Malherbe Nick , Cornell Josephine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough critical community psychology (CCP) has embraced several discursive paradigms (e.g., critical discourse analysis, discursive psychology, and Foucauldian discourse analysis), there remains little CCP work that attempts to conceive of CCP through a poststructuralist discursive lens, a lens that extends beyond, but certainly does not ignore, the analysis of data. In this study, we consider what we are calling poststructuralist discursive community psychology through a synthesis of poststructuralist discourse theory and CCP. Such a psychology is one that conceives of social phenomena, and indeed conceives of itself, through a poststructuralist understanding of discourse. We offer two pathways through which to consider poststructuralist discursive community psychology: re‐envisioning community and discursive consciousness‐raising. We conclude by considering some of the theoretical limitations of our discussion, as well as the areas that future work into poststructuralist discursive community psychology may enter into.
Inference of positional accuracy of collaborative data from intrinsic parameters
Authors: Paiva Caio dos Anjos , Camboim Silvana Philippi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUpdating reference maps is the focus of research on the use of voluntary geographic information (VGI) in countries with spatial data deficits. However, data quality needs to be known so collaborative data can fill the geospatial data gaps in this situation. Most research uses comparative metrics for this purpose (i.e. they compare collaborative data with official data considered more reliable). However, this study proposes a method for cases with uneven coverage of available reference data. Therefore, we propose to use the geographically weighted regression method with the definition of collective spatial intelligence as a parameter to explain the positional accuracy of collaborative data. The number of collaborators and edits observed on OpenStreetMap features was used to represent this parameter. The results show that such variables are significant and can explain up to 93% of the positional accuracy, which points the way to estimate the positional accuracy of VGI without direct comparisons between collaborative data and data from official sources.
Structural change and trade openness in sub‐Saharan African countries
Authors: Kaba Kabinet , Lin Justin Yifu , Renard Mary‐Françoise 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the role of trade openness in the economic reallocation from the agriculture to the manufacturing sector in 34 sub‐Saharan African countries between 1970 and 2016. The results show that the long‐term evolution of trade openness negatively impacts the long‐run and the short‐run dynamics of structural change. Moreover, this impact goes through aggregate exports not aggregate imports. By breaking down global exports, we find that commodities exports have a negative impact while manufacturing exports positively impact structural change. These results are explained by the fact that, contrary to Asian countries, African countries have failed to put trade at the service of industrialisation by following the logic of comparative advantage. More precisely, they have failed to invest the revenues from commodities exports to improve the quality of infrastructure in order to remove the constraints on the economic relocation to labour‐intensive manufacturing activities. Unlike previous studies, we address the endogeneity problem by using a dynamic ordinary least squares method after a pooled mean group method.
Forecasting Water Levels in Krasnodar Krai Rivers with the Use of Machine Learning
Authors: Belyakova P. A. , Moreido V. M. , Tsyplenkov A. S. , Amerbaev A. N. , Grechishnikova D. A. , Kurochkina L. S. , Filippov V. A. , Makeev M. S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The potential of construction of machine learning models was considered as applied to water level forecasting in mountain river reaches in Krasnodar Krai based on observation data on water levels at automated hydrological complexes of the Automated System of Flood Conditions Monitoring in Krasnodar Krai. The study objects were two mountain rivers in Krasnodar Krai―the Pshish and Mzymta. These rivers flow in different natural conditions and differ in their water regimes and the character of lateral inflow in the reaches under consideration. The study focused on three widely used machine learning architectures: regression model of decision trees M5P, gradient boosting of decision trees XGBoost, and artificial neural network based on multilayer perceptron. The forecast quality was evaluated for lead time from 1 to 20 h; variations for rivers with different water regimes and the potential of the examined models as applied to operational forecasting are discussed. The optimal lead time for the Pshish river was found to be 15–18 h (with S/σΔ varying within 0.38–0.39 for XGBoost model); the simulation quality for the Mzymta river is evaluated as good; however, the necessary forecast efficiency is not attained (at the lead time of 5 h, we have S/σΔ = 0.87 for MLP model). The obtained results allow the machine learning models to be regarded as acceptable for short-term hydrological forecasting based on high-frequency water level observation data.
Ionophore-Based Ion-Selective Electrodes in Non-Zero Current Modes: Mechanistic Studies and the Possibilities of the Analytical Application
Authors: Bondar Anna V. , Keresten Valentina M. , Mikhelson Konstantin N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This mini review briefly describes (i) literature data on the non-zero current measurements with ionophore-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) aimed at fundamental studies of the mechanism of their potentiometric response, and (ii) the data on the possibilities of analytical applications of ISEs in voltametric and constant potential chronoamperometric/coulometric modes, in particular the K+ ion assay in blood serum with the sensitivity of 0.1%. A special attention is paid to the basics of voltammetry and chronoamperometry/coulometry with the ionophore-based ISEs, and to how and why these methods differ from the classical voltammetry and coulometry.
First design of a crystal-based extraction of 6 GeV electrons for the DESY II Booster Synchrotron
Authors: Sytov A. , Kube G. , Bandiera L. , Cirrone P. , Ehrlichmann H. , Guidi V. , Haurylavets V. , Romagnoni M. , Soldani M. , Stanitzki M. , Tamisari M. , Tikhomirov V. , Wittenburg K. , Mazzolari A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA proof-of-principle experimental setup for the extraction of 6 GeV electrons from the DESY II Booster Synchrotron using the channeling effect in a bent crystal is elaborated. Various aspects of the experimental setup were investigated in detail, such as the particle beam dynamics during the extraction process, the manufacturing and characterization of bent crystals, and the detection of the extracted beam. In order to optimize the crystal geometry, the overall process of beam extraction was simulated, taking into account the influence of radiation energy losses. As result it is concluded that the multi-turn electron beam extraction efficiency can reach up to 16%. In principle this crystal-based beam extraction technique can be applied at any electron synchrotron in order to provide multi-GeV electron beams in a parasitic mode. This technique will allow to supply fixed-target experiments by intense high-quality monoenergetic electron beams. Furthermore, electron/positron crystal-based extraction from future lepton colliders may provide an access to unique experimental conditions for ultra-high energy fixed-target experiments including searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Virtual Transcatheter Interventions for Peripheral Pulmonary Artery Stenosis in Williams and Alagille Syndromes
Authors: Lan Ingrid S. , Yang Weiguang , Feinstein Jeffrey A. , Kreutzer Jacqueline , Collins R. Thomas , Ma Michael , Adamson Gregory T. , Marsden Alison L. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Despite favorable outcomes of surgical pulmonary artery (PA) reconstruction, isolated proximal stenting of the central PAs is common clinical practice for patients with peripheral PA stenosis in association with Williams and Alagille syndromes. Given the technical challenges of PA reconstruction and the morbidities associated with transcatheter interventions, the hemodynamic consequences of all treatment strategies must be rigorously assessed. Our study aims to model, assess, and predict hemodynamic outcomes of transcatheter interventions in these patients.

Methods and Results
Isolated proximal and “extensive” interventions (stenting and/or balloon angioplasty of proximal and lobar vessels) were performed in silico on 6 patient‐specific PA models. Autoregulatory adaptation of the cardiac output and downstream arterial resistance was modeled in response to intervention‐induced hemodynamic perturbations. Postintervention computational fluid dynamics predictions were validated in 2 stented patients and quantitatively assessed in 4 surgical patients. Our computational methods accurately predicted postinterventional PA pressures, the primary indicators of success for treatment of peripheral PA stenosis. Proximal and extensive treatment achieved median reductions of 14% and 40% in main PA systolic pressure, 27% and 56% in pulmonary vascular resistance, and 10% and 45% in right ventricular stroke work, respectively.

Conclusions
In patients with Williams and Alagille syndromes, extensive transcatheter intervention is required to sufficiently reduce PA pressures and right ventricular stroke work. Transcatheter therapy was shown to be ineffective for long‐segment stenosis and pales hemodynamically in comparison with published outcomes of surgical reconstruction. Regardless of the chosen strategy, a virtual treatment planning platform could identify lesions most critical for optimizing right ventricular afterload.
Association of HIV Serostatus and Inflammation With Ascending Aortic Size
Authors: Minhas Anum S. , Post Wendy S. , Liu Bin , Doria De Vasconcellos Henrique , Haberlen Sabina A. , Feinstein Matthew , Stosor Valentina , Budoff Matthew , Chew Kara W. , Magnani Jared W. , Brown Todd , Lima Joao A. C. , Wu Katherine C. 
Published: March 2022

Background
The prevalence and extent of subclinical large vessel vasculopathy is not well defined among people living with HIV. We aimed to evaluate associations between aortic root and ascending aortic sizes measured by 2‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and HIV serostatus, and to identify risk factors for larger aortic sizes among men with HIV, including levels of circulating inflammatory markers.

Methods and Results
Using clinical and echocardiographic data from the MACS (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study), adjusted multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed. Four segments of the proximal aorta were measured: aortic annulus, aortic root at the sinuses of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, and ascending aorta. HIV infection was associated with significantly larger aortic root (0.03 cm [95% CI, 0.002–0.06 cm]) and ascending aorta (0.04 cm [95% CI, 0.01–0.06 cm]) diameters. Higher standardized nadir CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) T‐cell count was significantly associated with smaller aortic root (−0.03 cm [95% CI, −0.05 to −0.01 cm]), sinotubular junction (−0.03 cm [95% CI, −0.05 to −0.01 cm]), and ascending aorta (−0.03 cm [95% CI, −0.05 to −0.004 cm]) diameters. Higher levels of standardized TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α) were associated with larger diameters of the aortic annulus (0.02 cm [95% CI, 0.003–0.04 cm]) and sinotubular junction (0.02 cm [95% CI, 0.002–0.04 cm]). There were no other cardiovascular or HIV disease severity–related risk factors associated with the aortic dimensions.

Conclusions
HIV infection is an independent risk factor for greater ascending aortic sizes. Lower nadir CD4 T‐cell count and higher TNF‐α levels are associated with larger aortic sizes in men with HIV.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00046280.