bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Raw and Packed Milk from the Areas of Rawalpindi and Islamabad: A comparative study
Authors: Hafsa Anwar  , Shazia Iqbal  , Ashif Sajjad  , Hamid Ullah  , Abida Farooqi  , Benish Asif  
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Milk is a complex of biomolecules and is a good source of proteins, fats, sugars, vitamins and minerals. Various types of milk available in the market are solid and liquid milk. Solid milk is available in the form of formula milk and liquid milk is raw and packed milk (branded milk) like GM1, OL2, Dp3, T4, H5, Mp6, DO7 and N8. Milk having different additive components like “micronutrients, vitamin and minerals” play a vital role in our daily life therefore it is by kids, adults and elders all over the world. The chemical composition of raw milk not only focuses on its components, but also the treatment, in the case of quality of the raw materials, packing, storage and conditions are very important. Cow milk is one of the major resources contaminated with different heavy metal atoms. Different samples of milk (raw and packed) were collected from diverse zone of Islamabad. The packed milk like GM1, OL2, Dp3, T4, H5, Mp6, DO7 and N8 were collected from different shops of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Result showed the presence of different types of heavy metals in milk samples. The level of zinc in the raw milk samples was high in the Islamabad city as compared to Rawalpindi. The sequence of heavy metals present in fresh milk were detected as Zn> Cu> Cr> Pb and Cu. In packed milk, level of Chromium was different across the world.
Milk Adulterants in Quetta: A Threat to Public Health
Authors: Muhammad Arif Hafiz , Rashid Nadeem , Rafeeq Majid , Shafee Muhammad , Khan Allaudin , Mohammad Younus  , Mushtaq Mohammad  , Naimat Ullah Khan  
Published: November 2022

Milk a natural rich lacteal secretion that provides all essential nutrients required by body. This study was designed to detect milk adulterants alongwth various physiochemical factors in milk sold in Quetta market. A total of 120 raw milk samples were collected hygienically and subjected to milk adulteration Kit (UVAS Lahore). Results revealed that overall, 11.66 % samples revealed adulteration with any single chemical adulterant. Water and powdered milk were the major adulterants found almost in all samples. On towns basis Zarghoon town samples were more adulterated (18%) than Chiltan Town samples (5%). Other parameters such as, Electrical Conductivity, pH, Fat percentage, Total Solids and Solid Not Fat were observed below than normal values in most of the samples. Adulterants like Urea, Hydrogen Peroxide, Sorbitol, Boric acid, Quaternary Ammonium Compound, Carbonate, Soap and Alcohol were not detected in any sample. However, Sodium chloride (1.66 %), Formalin (3.33 %), Hypochlorite (2.5 %), Starch (2.5 %) and sugar (4.16 %) were detected.
This study explores the potential health hazard due to adulterated milk sold in retail outlets in Quetta market. There is dire need of regular monitoring of milk and its products by concerned food authority. These findings will help to build a concrete strategy to curtail this problem and improve the life standards of people.
Epidermolytic Ichthyosis Sine Epidermolysis–A Case Report and Molecular Analysis
Authors: Phusuphitchayanan Phanitchanat , Sooksamran Apasee , Supsrisunjai Chavalit 
Published: November 2022

Epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI) is a rare genodermatosis disorder. We report a 39-year-old woman with EI, who presented with generalized erythroderma since birth, followed by generalized hyperkeratosis later in life. The physical examination revealed generalized hyperkeratosis without blistering or erosion. The histopathological studies revealed hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis and psoriasiform hyperplasia, without significant epidermolysis. The Sanger sequencing revealed a missense mutation—c.467G>A (p.Arg156His)—in the KRT10 gene, confirming the diagnosis of EI. The genotype-phenotype correlations in EI patients are multifactorial. Thus, molecular analysis can confirm the diagnosis in cases of an unclear medical history or histological inconclusiveness.
Specifics of Design of Healthcare Institutions Interiors in the Conditions of the "COVID 19" Pandemic
Authors: Semyroz Nina , Lopukhova Natalya , Nikulina Daryna 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is to forecast, determine changes in the methodological basis for creating an interior environment by means of design in conditions of extremely uncertain requirements for the protection of the population from COVID-19. The research methodology involves the use of methods of generalization and systematization of scientific and theoretical information on the design of the environment in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. The scientific novelty of the study is to clarify the features of interior design of healthcare institutions in the context of protection against coronavirus infections. Conclusions. Ukrainian healthcare sector found itself in an ambivalent state in late 2020, as the coronavirus raged relentlessly across the country, vaccination was developed quite slowly, therefore, being in public institutions, vulnerable population groups needed special safety conditions. Coronavirus-related expenses have already leveled a financial blow to healthcare system. Many hospitals lacked the space and resources to treat Covid-19 patients with severe symptoms, while treating those with mild and asymptomatic patients who could infect healthcare professionals and other patients. During the first wave of the virus pandemic, beds for patients were set up in lobbies, conference rooms and even cafeterias. They were added to the wards and corridors, filling any free space. The pandemic required the flexibility of medical and research institutions and services to overcome current and future crises.
As a result of the conducted research what specific design decisions should be considered when designing medical facilities in a pandemic. The peculiarities of creating safe, adapted, flexible and efficient spaces that support the quality of medical care and are resistant to infections on the example of foreign experience are highlighted. And research the basic regularities of pandemic-resistant healthcare design were identified: versatility, flexibility, aesthetics and harmony, safety and sterility, mobility and innovation. The interior should be focused on reducing the transmission of infectious particles.
TARİHÎ DÖNEM TÜRKÇE KUR’AN TERCÜMELERİNDE DEYİMLER: FATİHA VE BAKARA SURELERİ
Authors: ÇETİN Engin 
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada Türkçenin en eski Kur’an tercümelerindeki deyimler ilk iki sure olan Fatiha ve Bakara surelerinde tespit edilerek karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada TİEM 73 numarada kayıtlı olan, 1334 tarihinde istinsah edilmiş Kur’an tercümesi esas alınmış, buradaki deyimler Özbek İlimler Akademisi Kur’an tercümesi (ÖİAKT) Harezm Türkçesi Hekimoğlu Kur’an tercümesi (HKT) ve Eski Anadolu Türkçesine ait iki Kur’an tercümesiyle (EAT (Bursa), EAT (Manisa)) karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Deyimlerin tespitinde TİEM 73 numaralı Kur’an tercümesinin esas alınmasının sebebi, eldeki yazmanın tama yakın bir nüsha olmasıdır. John Rylands nüshasının baştan ve sondan eksik olması nedeniyle bu nüsha deyimleri belirlemeye esas olarak tercih edilmemiştir. Tespit edilen deyimlerin Kur’an-ı Kerim’de hangi sözün veya ibarenin karşılığı olarak kullanıldığı, bu söz veya ibarenin Kur’an-ı Kerim’in başka yerlerinde kullanılıp kullanılmadığı, kullanıldıysa Türkçe Kur’an tercümelerinde ne şekilde karşılandığı, Türkçe deyimlerin tercümenin başka yerlerinde hangi söz veya ibarenin karşılığı olarak kullanıldığı ve tespit edilen deyimlerin Tarihî Türk yazı dillerindeki durumları üzerinde ayrıntılı olarak durulmuştur. Türkçe en eski Kur’an tercümelerinin Farsçadan çevrildiği düşünüldüğünde Farsçanın söz konusu deyimler düzeyinde tercümeye etkisi de çalışmada akılda tutulan sorulardandır. Daha önce birçok araştırmacının değindiği, en eski Kur’an tercümelerinin birbirlerinden veya aynı tercümeden istinsah edilmiş olabileceği düşüncesi de çalışmada deyimler açısından ele değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonucunda, incelenen yirmi altı deyimin çoğunluğunun Türkçeye bire bir tercüme edilmekle birlikte dokuz deyimin serbest çeviriyle Türkçeye aktarıldığı, bu dokuz deyimin bir bölümünün Kur’an tercümelerinden önceki ve sonraki dönem metinlerinde de tespit edildiği görülmüştür.
Viscoelastic Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement in Long Slope Sections
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Dong Shuai , Xiao Han , Hlupo Nkosilathi lovewell , Liu Zhi 
Published: November 2022

To deeply understand the performance of asphalt pavement in long slope sections, the object of this paper is to obtain the viscoelastic dynamic response of asphalt pavement in long slope sections considering interface bonding conditions. An asphalt pavement model is built, and then for solving the problem, the Laplace-Hankel transformation is used to transfer the partial differential equations to the ordinary differential equations. Transfer matrices are adopted to present the relationship of stress and displacement between the pavement surface and any pavement depth, and a special transfer matrix characterizes the interface bonding condition. By this method, the analytical solution of the stress and displacement at any pavement position is received. After that, an example of asphalt pavement in a long slope section is introduced considering the distribution of stress and displacement, the magnitude of the horizontal load, and the interface bonding strength. The horizontal vehicle load affects the distribution of shear stress τrz in the pavement. The interface bonding strength is more important in long slope sections than in any other normal section of asphalt pavement.
Rancang Bangun Electric Power Converter (Catu Daya) Untuk Alat Anodizing Portable
Authors: Purwanto Sugeng 
Published: November 2022

Electric Power Converter is an electrical device that provides a voltage source for other electrical devices by changing the voltage level to the desired voltage, AC to DC. The Electric Power Converter is to drain and regulate the voltage to be stable, which is important in the anodizing process. Its functions to flow DC during the anodizing process which requires variations in voltage and current, the greater the voltage and current, the thicker the oxide layer that occurs on the aluminum surface and the hardness will increase. This research has 4 stages. The design stage, which is a design process that includes specifications of shape, material, and tolerance as well as component standards. The component identification stage is the process of collecting data needed in designing, including the value, function, and type of component. The assembly stage is the process of compiling and unifying components according to the design and identification results. The testing aims to determine the quality of the tools that have been made, including testing the voltage and current. The Electric Power Converter in this study produces a voltage in the range between 0 - 250 VDC and has a stable voltage and current output.
Keywords: Electric Power Converter, Power Supply, Design, Anodizing.

ABSTRAK
Electric Power Converter (Catu Daya) merupakan alat listrik yang menyediakan sumber tegangan untuk perangkat listrik dengan cara mengubah tingkat tegangan listrik yang tersedia menjadi tegangan yang diinginkan, tegangan AC menjadi DC. Electric Power Converter berfungsi untuk mengalirkan dan mengatur tegangan yang masuk ke perangkat elektronik menjadi stabil. Electric Power Converter memegang peranan penting dalam proses anodizing yaitu berfungsi untuk mengalirkan arus DC selama proses anodizing yang membutuhkan variasi tegangan dan arus searah, semakin besar tegangan dan arus maka semakin tebal lapisan oksida yang terjadi di permukaan aluminium dan kekerasannya (hardness) juga akan meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam empat (4) tahap yaitu tahap perancangan, merupakan proses perancangan alat yang mencakup spesifikasi lengkap dari bentuk, material dan toleransi serta standar komponen. Tahap identifikasi komponen adalah proses pengumpulan data yang dibutuhkan dalam merancang electric power converter, mencakup nilai, fungsi dan jenis komponen. Tahap perakitan merupakan proses penyusunan dan penyatuan komponen sesuai desain dan hasil identifikasi. Tahap pengujian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari alat yang telah dibuat, mencakup pengujian tegangan dan arus baik input maupun output. Electric Power Converter pada penelitian ini menghasilkan tegangan dengan kisaran antara 0 – 250 VDC dan mempunyai keluaran tegangan dan arus yang stabil.
Kata kunci: Electric Power Converter, Catu Daya, Rancang Bangun, Anodizing.
Review Pengaruh Range Dan Approach Terhadap Efektivitas Cooling Tower Unit 2 Di Pt. Indonesia Power Kamojang
Authors: Ahluriza Pradipta , Sinaga Nazaruddin 
Published: November 2022

Cooling tower diperlukan di industri pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi untuk sirkulasi air pendingin dikontakkan dengan gas tak jenuh sehingga sebagian dari zat cair itu akan menguap, dan suhu zat cair turun. PT. Indonesia Power Kamojang menggunakan mesin Cooling Tower untuk melakukan pendinginan. Untuk mengetahui performansi kemampuan cooling tower yang dimiliki maka diperlukan pengukuran efektivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pendinginan dan pengukuran efektivitas dilakukan dengan nilai approach dan range. Range merupakan perbedaan atau jarak antar temperatur air yang masuk dan keluar menara pendingin. Approach adalah perbedaan suhu air dingin yang keluar dari menara pendingin dan suhu wetbulb ambient. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur performansi Cooling Tower menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness, untuk mendapatkan nilai availability, performance efficiency, dan rate of quality. Maka pada saat musim kemarau memiliki efekvtivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan musim hujan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan, serta temperatur air kondensat yang masuk ke dalam Cooling Tower. Semakin tinggi temperatur air kondensat yang masuk, maka efektivitas proses pendinginan di dalam Cooling Tower semakin rendah karena proses pendinginan tidak maksimal. Hal ini menyebabkan temperature yang dihasilkan oleh cooling tower tidak mencapai temperature yang diinginkan.
Analisis Konsumsi Energi Listrik Pada Motor Induksi Di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Produksi II Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum (Perumda) Kota Semarang
Authors: Huda Miftakhul 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai konsumsi energi listrik pada motor induksi di instalasi pengolahan air produksi II PERUMDA (Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum) kota semarang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa konsumsi energi listrik pada motor induksi dan seberapa besar produksi air yang dihasilkan selama jam pengoperasian. Langkah-langkah penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengumpulan data historis pengoperasian Motor Induksi. Selanjutnya pengukuran pada unit Motor Induksi setiap 1 jam sekali, mencatat hasil pengukuran kedalam tabel pengukuran. Kemudian, dilakukan perhitungan jumlah daya rata-rata setiap harinya lalu ditotal konsumsi energi, total biaya, dan produksi air. Dari hasil penlitian bahwa total kosumsi energi listrik pada motor induksi P-603 dan P-605 yang berdaya 250 KW yang pengoperasian selama 8 jam secara bergantian adalah sebesar 1.635,52 KWh dan 1.633,36 KWh. Biaya listrik Rp. 1.823.605 dan Rp. 1.821.196 Dan produksi air yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 2.649.542 m3 dan 2.646.043 m3.

Kata kunci: Energi Lstrik, Motor induksi, Konsumsi Energi Listrik
Identifikasi Gangguan Open Circuit Dan Short Circuit Pada Instalasi Photovoltaic Array Dengan MPPT Berbasis Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Khalin Khalin , Sutedjo Sutedjo , Anggriawan Dimas Okky 
Published: November 2022

In the field of photovoltaic, the last few years have been very hotly discussed and researched as a new renewable source to produce electricity that cannot be exhausted. In the development effort there must be some problems arising from the existence of a new system. As with open circuit and short circuit interference. Therefore, The Identification of Open Circuit and Short Circuit Interference in Photovoltaic Array Installation with MPPT Based Artificial Neural Network is present to solve the problem. For identification of the location of the disruption is carried out on each photovoltaic string by knowing the voltage and current when there is an open circuit or short circuit interference, as well as the output power of the MPPT is used to determine the type of interference that occurs. Identification of interference using the Artificial Neural Network method with the purpose of this system can find out the location of interference and the type of open circuit or short circuit interference in photovoltaic array installations with MPPT. So that it is easy to know the location of the disturbance that is useful to maximize handling quickly and precisely.

Keywords: Photovoltaic array, open circuit, short circuit, MPPT, Artificial Neural Network

ABSTRAK
Dalam bidang photovoltaic, beberapa tahun terakhir sangat hangat menjadi perbincangan dan penelitian sebagai sumber baru terbarukan untuk menghasilkan energi listrik yang tidak bisa habis. Dalam upaya pengembangnnya pasti ada beberapa permasalahan yang timbul dari adanya sistem baru. Seperti halnya adanya gangguan open circuit dan short circuit. Maka dari itu, Identifikasi Gangguan Open Circuit dan Short Circuit pada Instalasi Photovoltaic Array dengan MPPT Berbasis Artificial Neural Network hadir untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Untuk identifikasi lokasi gangguan dilakukan pada setiap string photovoltaic dengan mengetahui tegangan dan arus ketika terjadi gangguan open circuit maupun short circuit, serta daya keluaran dari MPPT digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis gangguan yang terjadi. Identifikasi gangguan menggunakan metode Artificial Neural Network dengan tujuan sistem ini dapat mengetahui lokasi gangguan dan jenis gangguan open circuit atau short circuit pada instalasi photovoltaic array dengan MPPT. Sehingga memudahkan untuk mengetahui lokasi gangguan yang berguna untuk memaksimalkan penanganan secara cepat dan tepat.

Kata kunci: Photovoltaic array, open circuit, short circuit, MPPT, Artificial Neural Network
Penerapan Algoritma C4.5 Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Siahaan Septri Wanti , Sianipar Kristin Daya Rohani , R.H Zer P.P.P.A.N.W Fikrul Ilmi , Hartama Dedy 
Published: November 2022

In this world, many languages ??from other countries can be used as a communication tool. One of them is English. Students who have education must know that learning English is very much needed. Because nobody knows what will happen in the years to come. It could be one factor to get a job the next few years is our expertise in speaking English. English is a global language used by people to communicate with other people. On this occasion, researchers conducted research to determine what factors can improve students' ability to speak English. To complete this research, researchers resolve by applying the existing algorithm in data mining, namely C4.5 Algorithm. The result of this research can be concluded that the factors that influence to improve students’s ability in English are hearing from the environment. This research has goals is to motivating student in improving their ability of English.

Keywords: c4.5 algorithm, English, data mining, ability, improving
Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Un enigma para las Pymes del Cantón Machala, Provincia de El Oro
Authors: Largo-Celi Lisseth , Brito-Jumbo Jennifer , Arellano-Romero Nathaly , Morocho-Roman Zaida , Pulla-Carrión Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo ya que se apoya en la recolección de datos utilizando como metodología la revisión documental y bibliográfica de los aportes existentes y el análisis de la instrumentalización de la responsabilidad social en las Pymes a través de normas, estándares globales y modelos de excelencia; siendo el objetivo principal conocer e indagar sobre la percepción acerca del conocimiento de las prácticas de responsabilidad social para las Pymes del Cantón Machala, provincia de El Oro. Los resultados determinan que las Pymes del cantón Machala tienen una percepción para nada acertada respecto de la ejecución de políticas de responsabilidad social empresarial, desconocen el proceso de implementación, su impacto frente a los ejes económico, social y medioambiental; siendo un enigma en su implementación dentro de las políticas empresariales.
Palabras clave: Responsabilidad Social, Pymes, gestión, Cantón Machala
El consumidor universitario y su percepción sobre la campaña publicitaria de la iniciativa sostenible Re-Nestlé
Authors: Herrera-Pérez Ariana , Carvallo-Monsalve Yanary , Serrano-Orellana Karen , Gonzaga-Añazco Sandy 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Los estudiantes universitarios son un grupo selecto que se encuentra en constante análisis de los cambios que el mercado del consumo. Por esta razón en la presente investigación se ha dispuesto a estudiar y analizar la percepción del consumidor universitario sobre campaña publicitaria de la iniciativa sostenible Re Nestlé desde el 2019. Diseño/Metodología: La primera fase de la metodología es de carácter analítica, en el cual se estudia el contexto sociocultural y el estado del arte. El segundo apartado de la metodología es cuantitativa - descriptiva, a partir de una población de 166 estudiantes de la carrera de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Metropolitana – Sede Machala, se emplea la encuesta como instrumento de recolección de datos, además se utiliza una muestra probabilística sistemática. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian que sólo el 69% de los encuestados a veces han visto las campañas publicitarias de la iniciativa sostenible Re Nestlé y a pesar no tener una visibilidad significativa un 79% de los encuestados consideran que emprende acciones sostenibles. Un 44% de los encuestados señalan que durante sus compras si encuentran productos de la marca con packagin biodegradable y un 75% estaría dispuesto a compartir en sus redes la campaña de la marca. A nivel marco sólo el 22% de los encuestados considera que Ecuador es un país donde sus ciudadanos se sensibilizan ante la sostenibilidad. Originalidad/contribución: La investigación se caracteriza por ser pionera en el estudio de la percepción del consumidor universitario sobre campaña publicitaria de la iniciativa sostenible Re Nestlé
Vulneración de los Principios y Derechos Administrativos en la Etapa de Remate Ordinario de Bienes en los Procedimientos Coactivos
Authors: Álvarez-Abril Paula , Vega-Crespo Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

La problemática que se analizó en el presente artículo es el incumplimiento de lo dispuesto en el Art. 300 y siguientes del Código Orgánico Administrativo por parte de las instituciones públicas, referente a la implementación de una plataforma informática en la fase de notificación en la etapa de remate ordinario y la presentación de posturas de manera virtual. El enfoque utilizado fue cualitativo, utilizando la investigación de páginas web de las instituciones como Ban Ecuador, Ministerio de Trabajo, BIESS, CFN y Banco del Pacífico.
Como resultado se obtuvo que ciertas instituciones públicas han vulnerado el Art. 300 del COA y siguientes como también los principios y derechos administrativos dentro de los procedimientos coactivos. Se llegó a la conclusión que las instituciones al no cumplir con la normativa vigente sobre la plataforma informática tendrán varias consecuencias, siendo una de ellas el estancamiento de los juicios coactivos, causando la violación de los principios y derechos administrativos; es por eso que se sugiere para el buen desarrollo de los procesos coactivos, la creación de una plataforma única de remates donde cada institución suba la información de los bienes a rematar y la posibilidad de los interesados de presentar posturas de manera online.