bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bridge between convexity and quasiconvexity
Authors: Blanc Pablo , Parviainen Mikko , Rossi Julio D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We introduce a notion of convexity with respect to a one-dimensional operator
and with this notion find
a one-parameter family of different convexities that interpolates between
classical convexity and quasiconvexity.
We show that, for this interpolation family, the convex envelope of a continuous boundary datum in a strictly convex domain
is continuous up to the boundary and is characterized as being the unique viscosity solution to the
Dirichlet problem in the domain for
a certain fully nonlinear partial differential equation that involves the associated operator.
In addition we prove that the convex envelopes of a boundary datum constitute a one-parameter curve of functions that goes from the quasiconvex envelope to the convex envelope being continuous with respect to uniform convergence.
Finally, we also
show some regularity results for the convex envelopes proving that there is
an analogous to a supporting hyperplane at every point and that convex envelopes are

C
1

{C^{1}}

if the boundary data satisfies in particular NV-condition we introduce.
Deep learning in metallography: adapting a grain size determination model to develop the new comparison charts for ISO 643
Authors: Wu Z. , Li J. , Zhang J. , Stücklin S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The determination of average grain size is an important component in the microstructural characterization of metallic materials. The grain size is usually determined using the intercept and comparison methods, but there are problems with the relatively time-consuming intercept method and the low accuracy of the comparison method. In this paper, a new model is proposed to realize the task of automatic grain size grading using a combination of traditional image processing and deep learning. Deep learning semantic segmentation and image classification are used to achieve the grading of different quality images. The model is capable of extracting and complementing grain boundaries and calculating the pixel area of the grains. The accuracy of the model was tested on metallographic phases of pure iron and austenitic stainless steel. Using this model, grain size comparison charts were produced for ISO 643 based on real metallographic photographs.
Diagnósticos de enfermagem formulados em atendimento ambulatorial para as pessoas com esclerose lateral amiotrófica
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Gerson Trinchão , Do Rosário Luana Carvalho , Ferreira Marilaine Matos de Menezes 
Published: February 2025

RESUMO | OBJETIVO: Identificar os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem (DEs) formulados pelo enfermeiro na assistência às pessoas com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) em um ambulatório especializado. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo de análise documental, sendo descritivo e exploratório com análise quantitativa; com coleta de dados ambispectivos (retrospectiva de 2022 a agosto de 2023 e prospectivo, de setembro a dezembro de 2023) realizado em um ambulatório especializado em Doenças Neuromusculares - Salvador, Bahia. A população do estudo constitui-se de indivíduos com ELA em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva (frequência absoluta e relativa) e coletados em prontuários de pessoas com diagnóstico médico de ELA que vem sendo acompanhados no ambulatório. Foram obtidos dados clínicos para avaliação e validação dos DEs encontrados. RESULTADOS: Os dados obtidos em 25 prontuários com ELA esporádica; maior frequência no sexo masculino (64%); idade entre 34 e 80 anos, com média de idade de 61,2 anos; média de idade de 53,3 anos quando confirmaram o diagnóstico médico. Foram identificados 11 DEs, sendo os mais prevalentes o Risco de Lesão de Pele (60%) e Risco de Queda (44%). CONCLUSÃO: A elaboração de DEs precisos e adequados à condição do paciente possibilitam a reflexão e tomada de decisão pelos enfermeiros, e consequentemente, uma assistência mais assertiva e completa.
Economic effectiveness of fixed-dose combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone in diabetes mellitus treatment
Authors: Zyryanov S. К. , Dyakov I. N. 
Published: February 2025

Objective: to comparatively assess the weighted average costs associated with the use of alogliptin-pioglitazone combination versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs).Material and methods. A retrospective study involved pharmacoeconomic analysis, including cost-minimization analysis and budget impact analysis, with consideration to the efficacy of the compared therapeutic regimens. Data regarding treatment regimens and safety profiles of the alternatives were obtained from the published results of phase III clinical trials and clinical guidelines. Drug pricing information was derived from the state registry of maximum retail prices and auction results.Results. According to the budget impact analysis, the fixed-dose combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes significantly reduces the total costs associated with the administration of hypoglycemic agents and management of concomitant cardiovascular complications. A complete replacement of GLP-1 RAs with the alogliptin-pioglitazone combination in the treatment of 83,582 patients is expected to reduce costs by 42.1% (or by 10,934.5 million rubles) over 3 years. The savings generated from this replacement will enable alogliptin-pioglitazone combination therapy for additional 18,622 patients with type 2 diabetes in the first year and 21,103 patients in subsequent years.Conclusion. The use of alogliptin-pioglitazone combination as an alternative to GLP-1 RAs appears economically justified and reasonable with respect to reducing costs associated with hypoglycemic therapy and treatment of cardiovascular events.
The subcellular topology of the RNAi machinery is multifaceted and reveals adherens junctions as an epithelial hub
Authors: Kourtidis Antonis , Nair-Menon Joyce , Kingsley Christina , Mesnaoui Houda , Lin Peter , Wilson Kyrie , Rohrer Baerbel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The RNA interference (RNAi) machinery is a key cellular mechanism catalyzing biogenesis and function of miRNAs to post-transcriptionally regulate mRNA expression. The RNAi machinery includes a set of protein complexes with subcellular localization traditionally presented in a uniform fashion: the microprocessor processes miRNAs in the nucleus, whereas the DICER and the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) further process and enable activity of miRNAs in the cytoplasm. However, several studies have identified subcellular patterns of RNAi components that deviate from this model. We have particularly shown that RNAi complexes associate with the adherens junctions of well-differentiated epithelial cells, through the E-cadherin partner PLEKHA7. To assess the extent of these subcellular topological patterns, we examined subcellular localization of the microprocessor and RISC in a series of human cell lines and normal human tissues. Our results show that junctional localization of RNAi components is a broad characteristic of well-differentiated epithelia, but it is absent in transformed or mesenchymal cells and tissues. We also find extensive localization of the microprocessor in the cytoplasm, as well as of RISC in the nucleus. These findings expose a RNAi machinery with multifaceted subcellular topology that may inform its physiological role and calls for updating of the current models.
NDUFS1 promotes malignant breast cancer behaviors through activation of mitochondrial metabolism and PROX1/c-Myc signaling
Authors: Wang Yen-Yun , Chen Pang-Yu , Nguyen Hieu D.H. , Tseng Chih-Huang , Chen Yuk-Kwan , Hu Stephen Chu‐Sung , Lo Steven , Hou Ming-Feng , Yuan Shyng-Shiou F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Previous studies demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) co-cultured with resistin promote malignant behaviors in breast cancer cells. This study explores the roles of ADSCs and the adipocytokine resistin within the breast tumor microenvironment, emphasizing their contributions to metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. RNA sequencing analysis of metabolic reprogramming pathways revealed that breast cancer cells in co-culture with resistin-treated ADSCs exhibited elevated expression of NDUFS1, the largest subunit of mitochondrial complex I. Knockdown of NDUFS1 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorsphere formation, whereas its overexpression enhanced these effects through mitochondrial metabolism-mediated PROX1/c-Myc signaling pathway. Furthermore, treatment with metformin, an inhibitor of NDUFS1-activated mitochondrial metabolism, reduced Myc and PROX1 expression and diminished breast cancer cell proliferation. Syngeneic orthotopic mouse model showed that NDUFS1 downregulation significantly inhibited mammary tumor growth alongside decreased expression of PROX1 and c-Myc. Also, mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors metformin and rotenone demonstrated a therapeutic effect on NDUFS1-expressing breast tumor. Collectively, this research establishes a novel mechanistic framework linking metabolic adaptations and breast cancer, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting NDUFS1 signaling.
Investigation of Aloe Vera Mediated ZnO-β-CD Nanoparticles for Photocatalysis &amp; Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Hadap Arti , Panse Vishal R , Tereshchuk Serhii 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study presents the formation of Al based ZnO-β-cyclodextrin nano composite, by the green synthesis of ZnO nano particles from aloe vera (Al) plant extract, functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and band gap energy measurement, were used to analyse the functionalized zinc oxide (ZnO) with β-CD nano composite. Present work involved the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye as a model substrate used Al based ZnO- β-cyclodextrin nano composite where Al-based ZnO-NPs was worthily catalysis due to their unique bandgap (3.0eV) and β-cyclodextrin with ZnO, electron-hole recombination takes places very easily. At 6 pH, MB aqueous solution lose its blue colour after 160 minutes. Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, gram-negative bacteria E. coli, and the fungus strain A. nigerwere all successfully combatted by the antibacterial activity. In presence of light and air, Al based ZnO-β-cyclodextrin nanocomposite generates singlet oxygen (O2*-) and hydrogen oxide radical (-OH*) which inhibit the growth of cells of bacterial and fungal strains. Although it was less hazardous and did not show negative effects on the development of healthy cells.
Inositol hexakinase phosphate 1 (IP6K1) is implicated in the insulin response to protein ingestion in older adults
Authors: Barclay Richie D. , Motei Diana E. , Ancu Oana , Tyler Christopher J. , Tillin Neale A. , Behrends Volker , Burd Nicholas A. , Hurren Nicholas M. , Mackenzie Richard W.A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Age-related muscle mass is driven by a reduction in insulin sensitivity partly mediated by reduced amino acid and anabolic signalling kinetics. Insulin activates Akt-mTORC1 signalling in skeletal muscle with inositol hexokinase phosphate 1 (IP6K1) shown to inhibit this signalling pathway in pre-diabetic humans. We aimed to compare muscle and plasma IP6K1 in young vs older adults and the possible role of IP6K1 in the anabolic response to protein and protein + RE. Nine young (24.9±0.4 years) and nine older (66.2±0.5 years) healthy, moderately active adults received primed continuous infusions of L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine in basal and postprandial state. Blood and muscle biopsy samples were collected prior to and following ingestion of 25g whey protein with or without knee extension exercise to examine skeletal muscle protein signalling and whole-body phenylalanine kinetics. Young adults had greater plasma IP6K1 at all time points. Older adults had reduced muscle IP6K1 at 120min post-exercise. Muscle IP6K1 decreased 240min post-prandial in young adults compared with basal and there was no effect of exercise in either group. Older adults presented with reduced plasma and muscle IP6K1 in both post-prandial and post-RE states. IP6K1 may be involved in the reduction in amino acid metabolism, and the insulin-mediated response to protein and RE.
Distribution and developmental characteristics of sugars and organic acids in fresh apricots
Authors: Jing Chenjuan , Wang Duan , Liu Zhikun , Chen Xuefeng , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study systematically analyzed the distribution characteristics and developmental patterns of sugars and organic acids in apricots, exploring the accumulation and metabolism of organic acids, thus providing important information for improving fruit quality. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the sugar and organic-acid contents and distributions in mature apricot fruits from 332 common seedlings and 64 germplasm resources. The results showed that glucose and sucrose are the main sugars in apricots, and the fruits were classified as sucrose-type, or two-sugar-type based on the calculated value of log2 (glucose/sucrose). Malic and citric acids are the main organic acids in apricots, and the fruits were classified as malic-acid-type, citric-acid-type, or two-acid-type based on the value of log2 (malic acid/citric acid). Analysis of the developmental patterns of sugars and organic acids in selected fruits revealed high glucose contents during their developmental stages. Fructose and sucrose contents were low, but increased during the ripening stage, particularly those of sucrose. Malic acid was the main organic acid during the development stage, accounting for over 90% of the total-organic-acid content. As the fruit matured, the malic-acid content decreased, while that of citric acid increased. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between fructose and citric-acid contents, both of which increased during fruit ripening. Therefore, changes in citric-acid levels may be related to ripening. Overall, this result offers valuable foundation for improving flavor quality of apricot fruit.
Boosting Year 11 Student Motivation and Science Understanding in Gce 'o' Level Combined Science Through the Tpack and Activity Theory (Tpack-at) Framework
Authors: @Yvonne Yong Chin Chen , Salleh Hjh Sallimah Binti Hj Mohd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study examines the impact of science boost camp interventions, utilizing the activity theory and TPACK (AT-TPACK) framework, on the achievements of sixty-eight Year 11 combined science students following the new Cambridge 5129 syllabus, including Paper 3 components, in Muara, Brunei. These students, learning combined science in English as their second language for three years, scored below 60% in their SPE Year 8 science exams, placing them in the Applied Secondary Education Programme (one class of 20 students) and the Special Applied Program (three classes of 48 students). The study uses a pretest-posttest and delayed posttest experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed three-phase AT-TPACK model. The primary goal is to enhance students' combined science achievement and reduce the number of students receiving ungraded (below 30%) grades in the GCE O Level examinations. After the mock exams, the sixty-eight students were randomly assigned to fourteen intervention groups on the basis of their academic performance. Each group, led by a higher achiever (HA) student, participated in science interventions. The study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-method design, analysing both quantitative (preintervention, postintervention, and delayed postintervention test scores) and qualitative data (thematic analysis of transcripts). The results revealed significant improvement in achievement scores postintervention and a reduction in ungraded grades, with thematic analysis indicating sustained retention of scientific concepts even after the 20-week intervention period. Students' GCE O level exam performance improved, with the school achieving its 2023 target for combined science, increasing from 19–35%, placing the school at the second highest rank in the country. These findings underscore the potential of targeted interventions in addressing challenges in combined science education, offering insights for educators aiming to improve student outcomes in similar contexts.
Perivascular spaces in neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Bernal Jose , Ilik Selin Yavuz , Mai Huy , Mattern Hendrik , Coello Roberto Duarte , Valdés-Hernández Maria d.C. , Rocktäschel Tonia , Reuken Philipp A. , Stallmach Andreas , Wardlaw Joanna , Opel Nils , Gaser Christian , Walter Martin , Ziegler Gabriel , Düzel Emrah , Schreiber Stefanie , Besteher Bianca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as executive dysfunction, fatigue, and depression, are common and disabling in post-COVID syndrome, often hindering daily activities and work. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, recent studies suggest SARS-CoV-2 may damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB), contributing to these symptoms. If BBB dysfunction is central, structural changes may occur in neighbouring areas, such as in perivascular spaces (PVS). In this study, we measured PVS volumes in 80 participants, both with and without neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome, to assess whether PVS enlargement was associated with the syndrome and its duration.
We used data from the post-COVID Brain project, a study designed to investigate differences in brain morphology, cognitive function, and overall neurological health between post-COVID patients and healthy controls. The study included 50 neuropsychiatric post-COVID patients and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We semi-automatically quantified PVS in the basal ganglia (BG ROI) and centrum semiovale (CSO ROI) and leveraged linear regression to test whether neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome and its duration were associated with fractional PVS volumes. We adjusted all models for age, sex, years of education, body-mass-index, and cardiovascular disease history.
In the full sample, the difference in fractional PVS volumes between individuals with and without neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome increased with age (BG: βAge × Post-COVID? = 0.49 (SE 0.21), Z = 2.34, P = 0.022; CSO: βAge × Post-COVID? = 0.45 (SE 0.22), Z = 2.05, P = 0.044). In individuals with a neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome, longer duration of the neuropsychiatric symptoms was associated with larger fractional PVS volumes (BG: βPost-COVID duration = 0.27 (SE 0.12), Z = 2.20, P = 0.034; CSO: βPost-COVID duration = 0.30 (SE 0.13), Z = 2.28, P = 0.028).
The presence and duration of neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome in humans relate to the extent of enlargement of PVS in the brain.
TCM_DiffPR: Graph Knowledge Diffusion Model for Traditional Chinese Medicine Personalized Recommendation
Authors: Zhang ChaoBo , Tan Long 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With the rapid development of modern Chinese medicine prescription recommendation technology based on artificial intelligence technology, the existing herb recommendation model lacks attention to the personalized attributes of the patient, ignoring the important factors of the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). To address this problem, we propose a novel Graph Knowledge Diffusion Model for Traditional Chinese Medicine Personalized Recommendation (TCM_DiffPR). Firstly, the patient's personalized attribute information is used to obtain symptom representations by means of ‘prompt fine-tuning’, and the prompt is enhanced by pre-training model with prompt-oriented comparative learning. Secondly, the algorithm combines the generative model with the data augmentation paradigm based on knowledge graph diffusion, which compensates for the misinterpretation of symptom preferences in the knowledge graph (KG) to achieve powerful knowledge learning. Finally, we introduce a collaborative knowledge graph convolution mechanism, which combines collaborative signals reflecting the symptom-herbal medication interaction patterns, to guide the knowledge graph diffusion process. In this study, experimental comparative analyses are conducted on two public datasets and a clinical dataset, and the results show that the present algorithm outperforms existing TCM prescription recommendation methods and provides an effective reference basis for clinical diagnosis and decision support.
Metagenomic Analysis of gut flora Structure and Function in Neonates Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Liu Faqun , Luo Jinghua , Feng Lihua , Chen Xiangxiang , Xu Yunping , Xia Yanan , Liu Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a prevalent respiratory condition in newborns that significantly impacts their health and survival rates. In recent years, the potential role of the gut-lung axis in NRDS has garnered increasing attention; however, its specific contributions remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a metagenomics analysis of fecal samples obtained from an observational cohort including NRDS (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 15). The results indicated alterations in both the structure and function of the gut flora in NRDS. Specifically, the NRDS group exhibited significantly greater relative abundances of Bacillota and Nematoda compared to the control group, while the relative abundances of Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota, and Fusobacteriota were significantly lower. At the genus level, the NRDS group demonstrated greater abundances of Klebsiella, Escherichia, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus and reduced abundances of Bifidobacterium and Enterobacter. Functional changes included the upregulation of the Staphylococcus aureus infection and the phosphotransferase system (PTS) and the downregulation of metabolic pathways, such as butanoate metabolism and glutathione metabolism. Additionally, both synergistic and mutually exclusive relationships between gut microbiota as well as between gut microbiota and clinical factors were observed. These results increase our overall comprehension of NRDS pathogenesis and offer important resources for identifying potential biomarkers.