bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostatic artery embolization compared to trans-urethral resection of the prostate and prostatic urethral lift: A real-world population-based study
Authors: Chughtai Bilal , Raizenne Brendan , Zheng Xinyan , Oumedjbeur Kussil , Mao Jialin , Zorn Kevin , Elterman Dean , Bhojani Naeem , McClure Timothy , Te Alexis , Kaplan Steven , Sedrakyan Art 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background There are growing interests for minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) uses selective angioembolization of prostatic arteries, thereby reducing size to improve LUTS/BPH. However, real-world data comparing surgical outcomes between MISTs and tissue resective techniques is lacking. We assessed the differences in surgical outcomes between PAE, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and prostatic urethral lift (PUL) in a real world-population for LUTS/BPH. Methods We present an observational population-based study of 12,902 men with BPH in New York State who received PAE, TURP, and PUL in outpatient and ambulatory surgery settings from 2014 to 2018. For short-term outcomes, we report 30-day and 90-day risks of readmission to inpatient and emergency room (ER) with/without complications and compared them across groups using Chi-square tests and mixed effect logistic regressions. For long-term outcomes, we report surgical retreatment and stricture rates using Kaplan Meier failure curves and compared them using Log rank tests and Cox regression models. Results Of 12 902 men, 335 had PAE, 11 205 had TURP, and 1 362 had PUL. PAE patients had the highest 30-day (19.9%) and 90-day (35.6%) risks of readmission to inpatient or ER (p<0.01). Non-specific abdominal pain was the main diagnosis associated with 30-day and 90-day readmissions to inpatient or ER after PAE (14.3% and 26.8%, respectively). After 2 years of follow-up, PAE patients had the highest retreatment rate of 28.5% (95%CI: 23.7%-34.2%) compared to TURP (3.4% (95%CI: 3.1%-3.8%)) and PUL (8.5% (95%CI: 5.6%-12.9%)) (p<0.001). Conclusion In a real-world population, PAE was associated with the most frequent 30-day and 90-day readmission to inpatient or ER and the highest retreatment rate among all surgical techniques even when controlled for individual patient comorbidities and surgical volume.
PDO-ENSO Effects on Southern Brazilian Precipitation
Authors: Moraes Osvaldo L. L , Marengo Jose A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The role of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) was investigated in terms of the anomalous precipitation in southern Brazil related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) using a long-term data set from 1961 to 2016 from 106-gauge stations. In addition, a direct comparison analysis was performed between El Niño plus positive PDO events and La Niña plus adverse PDO events to discover any modulating effects of PDO on precipitation. Our findings suggest that significant monthly favorable anomalous precipitation occurred in the entire region only during intense or extreme El Niño events, with no modulation effect from the PDO regardless of its intensity. However, monthly negative precipitation anomalies varied from small to medium at higher latitudes during robust La Niña periods, with some connection to adverse PDO events.
The ER Calcium Channel Csg2 Integrates Sphingolipid Metabolism with Autophagy
Authors: Liu Shiyan , Chen Mutian , Wang Yichang , Lei Yuqing , Zhang Yabin , Huang Ting , Li Huihui , Qi Shiqian , Geng Jia , Lu Kefeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of membranes and function as bioactive lipid signaling molecules. Here, through genetic screening and lipidomics analyses, we found that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium channel Csg2 integrates sphingolipid metabolism with autophagy by regulating ER calcium homeostasis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Csg2 functions as a calcium release channel and maintains calcium homeostasis in the ER, which enables normal functioning of the essential sphingolipid synthase Aur1. Deletion of Csg2 causes increases in calcium levels in the ER and then disturbs Aur1 stability, leading to accumulation of the bioactive sphingolipid phytosphingosine, which specifically and completely blocks autophagy and induces loss of starvation resistance in cells. Our findings indicate that calcium homeostasis in the ER mediated by the channel Csg2 translates sphingolipid metabolism into autophagy regulation, further supporting the role of the ER as a signaling hub for calcium homeostasis, sphingolipid metabolism and autophagy.
Challenges of Implementing Family Physician Program in Urban Communities: A qualitative study
Authors: Hajibadali Parisa , Nadrian Haidar , Hashemiparast Mina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Family physician program plays a crucial role in promoting community‐based primary healthcare quality. This study aimed to explore the challenges and obstacles of implementing family physician program in an Iranian urban community context.Methods A qualitative study with conventional content analysis approach was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews until data saturation, and were concurrently analyzed. MAXQDA 10 was used to manage the data. The study was conducted between February and July 2019 in urban health centers of Bonab, Iran. Participants were nineteen healthcare recipients and healthcare providers from urban health centers in Bonab, Iran.Results Three main categories including ‘socio-cultural and economic challenges’, ‘interpersonal communication difficulties’ and ‘inefficient management’ emerged as the challenges of implementing urban family physician program in the community.Conclusions The implementation of family physician program is a long process that is influenced by various factors and elimination of barriers requires developing infrastructures and culture growth and improving the professional settings and interpersonal relationship.
A high serum dehydroepiandrosterone concentration is a predictor of candidates for active surveillance in men with serum prostate-specific antigen &lt;10 ng/mL
Authors: Miyoshi Yasuhide , Kawahara Takashi , Uemura Hiroji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
There is no consensus on the role of serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations in the detection of prostate cancer. This study examined the effectiveness of serum DHEA in predicting candidate patients for active surveillance (AS) prior to prostate biopsy.
Methods
A systematic prostate needle biopsy was performed in 203 men with serum PSA levels of < 10 ng/mL to detect prostate cancer. Serum DHEA concentrations were measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) just before biopsy. Patient’s age, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, prostate volume, and serum DHEA concentrations were compared with pathological findings in multivariate analyses.
Results
The median patient’s age, PSA, serum DHEA concentration and prostate volume were 68 years, 5.5 ng/mL, 1654.7 pg/mL, and 31.2 mL, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, low PSA values, high serum DHEA concentrations, and large prostate volume were significant predictors of the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer with a Gleason score of ≤ 3 + 4 who are candidate for AS. The DHEA cut-off point for predicting BPH or prostate cancer with a Gleason score of ≤ 3 + 4 was 2188 pg/mL, with a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 33.7%, 96.0%, 98.4%, and 16.9%, respectively.
Conclusion
The study indicated that higher serum DHEA concentrations prior to prostate biopsy might predict the patients with BPH or prostate cancer with a Gleason score ≤ 3 + 4 who are candidate for AS, in men with PSA of < 10 ng/mL.
Rural Households’ Perceptions of Rosehip and the Role It Plays in Rural Livelihoods in Lesotho
Authors: Makhorole Thato , Fraser Gavin , Phakathi Sandile 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Despite the amount of research on the perceived negative impacts of invasive alien species, they remain integral to the rural communities due to their numerous livelihoods uses. More research is required, focusing on the impacts of invasive alien species on the livelihoods of rural communities. This paper investigates the community perceptions of rosehip (Rosa rubiginosa) in Lesotho and its contribution to rural communities. A sample of 160 participants was chosen using simple random sampling. Descriptive, Principal component analysis and the probit model were used to analyse the results. The study found that rosehip's livelihood benefits, and its abundance highly influence the social, economic and environmental perception of rural communities. However, the income from rosehip was found to be the lowest income component. Despite the income from rosehip being low, it acts as a safety net in the face of shocks such as limited job opportunities and food shortages to the poorer households who have few income sources.
Relationship between lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio and severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Chen Ke , Liu Yehong , Xu Baida , Ye Ting , Chen Liang , Wu Gangyong , Zong Gangjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Coronary atherosclerosis is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Some laboratory parameters, such as the neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), were used to assess the degree of inflammation and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). The lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) is a new systemic immune inflammation index, and its relationship with the development and severity of CAD is not clear.Methods A total of 1107 patients underwent coronary angiography, including 479 in the control group and 628 in the CAD group. The routine and biochemical indexes in the venous blood of patients in each group before coronary angiography were assessed. LCR, SII, NLR and PLR were calculated, and statistical analysis was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) and a logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between LCR and CAD.Results After PSM, 384 pairs of patients with or without CAD were successfully matched. After median binary classification of all indicators, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that platelet was an independent related risk factor and LCR was an independent related protective factor. By the same method, in the coronary heart disease severity group, a total of 212 pairs were successfully matched, and it was finally determined that NLR and PLR were independent related risk factors, and LCR was an independent related protective factor.Conclusions LCR is an independent correlative protective factor affecting the occurrence and severity of CAD.
Celluar Immunotherapy: A promising therapeutic strategy for Patients with post-mastectomy early Breast Cancer
Authors: Liu Zhantao , Xu Jiantao , Zhou Jun , Song Yanqiu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Early breast cancer(eBC) , in part, is a curable disease.Recurrence and metastasis are the main causes of such patients mortality. Although post-operative adjuvant therapy for breast cancer has made great strides, challenges remain and new therapeutic approaches are needed. Cellular immunotherapy(CIT) provides a promising new therapeutic to the management of eBC.This study aims to assess the efficacy and safty of sequential CIT after chemoradiotherapy in patients with post-mastectomy eBC as well as exploring the potential beneficiaries of CIT.Methods: From January 2010 to December 2014, 723 patients with post-mastectomy eBC were included in this retrospective study: 118 caces underwent CIT in addition to initial therapy; a further 605 cases received initial therapy only,such as chemoradiotherapy,endocrine therapy and targeted therapy, etc.Results: A comparison of the 5-year survival curves shows that the 5-year disease free survival(DFS) of patients in the CIT group was signifificantly higher than in the control group(86.44% vs 78.51%, P=0.045).The multivariate analysis identified CIT as a noteworthy independent risk factor for DFS(P=0.027, HR=0.552(0.325-0.935 )). Subgroup analysis revealed that adjuvant CIT markedly increased the DFS rate of patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and tumor–node–metastasis(TNM)stage III. None of the patients enrolled in the CIT group discontinued CIT due to adverse reactions.Conclusions: Our study suggests that CIT was a species of safe and effective mode of treatment improving the DFS for patients with post-mastectomy eBC, especially those with lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage, and the toxicity was tolerable and consisted primarily of reversible hyperthermia.
Classification, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with progressive hemorrhagic injury after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Ren , Yang Dian-Xu , Ding Jun , Guo Yan , Ding Wan-Hai , Tian Heng-Li , Yuan Fang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
According to the pathoanatomic classification system, progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI) can be categorized into progressive intraparenchymal contusion or hematoma (pIPCH), epidural hematoma (pEDH), subdural hematoma (pSDH), and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (ptSAH). The clinical features of each type differ greatly. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors, clinical management, and outcomes of PHI according to this classification.
Methods
Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for PHI and each subgroup. Patients with IPCH or EDH were selected for subgroup propensity score matching (PSM) to exclude confounding factors before evaluating the association of hematoma progression with the outcomes by classification.
Results
In the present cohort of 419 patients, 123 (29.4%) demonstrated PHI by serial CT scan. Of them, progressive ICPH (58.5%) was the most common type, followed by pEDH (28.5%), pSDH (9.8%), and ptSAH (3.2%). Old age (≥ 60 years), lower motor Glasgow Coma Scale score, larger primary lesion volume, and higher level of D-dimer are independent risk factors related to PHI. These factors are also independent predictors for pIPCH, but not for pEDH. The time to first CT scan and presence of skull linear fracture are robust risk factors for pEDH. After PSM, the 6-month mortality and unfavorable survival rates were significantly higher in the pIPCH group than the in the non-pIPCH group (24.2% vs. 1.8% and 12.1% vs. 7.3%, respectively, p < 0.001), but not significantly different between the pEDH group and the non-pEDH group.
Conclusions
Understanding the specific patterns of PHI according to its classification can help increase the accuracy of prediction and suggest targeted prevention or treatment strategies to improve patients’ neurological outcomes.
Evaluation of biofouling characteristics on reverse osmosis membranes of disinfection-residual-bacteria (DRB) after seven kinds of disinfection
Authors: Wu Yin-Hu , Wang Haobin , Wang Wen-Long , Luo Li-Wei , Chen Gen-Qiang , Chen Zhuo , Xue Song , Xu Ao , Xu Yu-Qing , Ikuno Nozomu , Ishii Kazuki , Hu Hongying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Biofouling is a critical defect of the reverse osmosis (RO) system. It has been reported that disinfection processes tend to select certain undesirable disinfection-residual bacteria (DRB), leading to severe long-term biofouling potential. To provide constructive guidance on biofouling prevention in RO systems, this study evaluated the biofouling characteristics of RO membranes of DRB after the application of five mature disinfection methods (NaClO, NH2Cl, ClO2, UV, and O3) and two novel disinfection methods (K2FeO4 and flow-through electrode system (FES)). After a 32-day biofilm cultivation on the RO membranes, the DRB biofilm of K2FeO4 and O3 caused a slight normalised flux drop (22.4 ± 2.4% and 23.9 ± 1.7%, respectively) of RO membrane compared with the control group (non-disinfected, ~ 27% normalised flux drop). Moreover, the biofouling degree of the NH2Cl-DRB biofilm was similar to that of the control group. The remaining disinfection types aggravated membrane biofouling. The biofouling behaviour of DRB showed no relationship with bacterial concentration or activity. The thickness and density of the biofilms as well as the organics/bacterial number ratio in the DRB biofilm, helped explain the difference in the fouling degree between each group. Moreover, microbial community analysis showed that the relative abundance of typical highly secretory and biofouling-related genera, such as Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Acinetobacter, Methylobacterium, Sphingobium, and Ralstonia, were the main reasons for the difference in biofouling degree. All types of disinfection effectively prevented pathogen reproduction in the DRB biofilm. However, the relative abundance of (opportunistic) pathogens increased significantly after NaClO and ClO2 disinfection.
Improving recommendation diversity and serendipity with an Ontology-based algorithm for cold start environments
Authors: Kuznetsov Stanislav , Kordík Pavel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Every real-life system has several development phases. In the beginning, it has no interactions; wecall this the cold-start problem. After a while, where user interactions occur in the system, the sys-tem gets to a state where one part of the catalogue has some interaction that could be enough touse CF algorithms. However, there’s still a larger amount of items with a small amount of inter-action, so-called cold-item. We call this state a transition state. If most of the item in the systemhas interactions, we call this a regular state. The system needs a slightly different behaviour fromthe recommendation system at each stage. At the cold-start stage, we need exploration of thecatalogue and the involvement of the maximum number of cold-items to use CF as soon as pos-sible. In the transition phase, we need diversification because there are still many items with asmall amount of interaction. In the regular phase, we want to offer new relevant items to usersto surprise them and keep them from getting into the information bubble and thus have a betterexperience using the system. Our approach uses Ontology, which can provide semantic item simi-larity if the text attributes contain the exact words but even if the text attributes look different.This paper presents a Universal Ontological-Based Algorithm (OBACS) that uses diversificationmethods such as serendipity and diversity to improve user experience in all system developmentphases. We verify our approach experimentally on the Movie Database and describe the results.
Network of hotspot interactions cluster tau amyloid folds
Authors: Mullapudi Vishruth , Vacquer-Alicea Jaime , Bommareddy Vaibhav , Vega Anthony , Ryder Bryan , White Charles , Diamond Marc , Joachimiak Lukasz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cryogenic electron microscopy has revealed unprecedented molecular insight into the conformation of β-sheet-rich protein amyloids linked to neurodegenerative diseases. It remains unknown how a protein can adopt a diversity of folds and form multiple distinct fibrillar structures. Here we develop an in silico alanine scan method to estimate the relative energetic contribution of each amino acid in an amyloid assembly. We apply our method to twenty-seven ex vivo and in vitro fibril structural polymorphs of the microtubule-associated protein tau. We uncover networks of energetically important interactions involving amyloid-forming motifs that stabilize the different fibril folds. We test our predictions in cellular and in vitro aggregation assays. Using a machine learning approach, we classify the structures based on residue energetics to identify distinguishing and unifying features. Our energetic profiling suggests that minimal sequence elements that control the stability of tau fibrils, allowing future design of protein sequences that fold into unique structures.
Mapping internal temperatures during high-rate battery applications
Authors: Shearing Paul , Heenan Thomas , Mombrini Isabella , Llewellyn Alice , Checchia Stefano , Tan Chun , johnson michael , Jnawali Anmol , Garbarino Gaston , Jervis Rhodri , Brett Dan , Michel Marco Di 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Electric vehicles (EV) demand high charge/discharge rates creating potentially dangerous temperature rises. Lithium-ion cells are sealed during their manufacture, making internal temperatures challenging to probe1. Tracking current collector expansion using X-ray diffraction (XRD) permits non-destructive internal temperature measurements2; however, cylindrical cells are known to experience complex internal strain3,4. Here, we characterise the state-of-charge (SoC), mechanical strain, and temperature within Lithium-ion 18650 cells operated at high rates (>3C) via two advanced synchrotron XRD methods: firstly, as entire cross-sectional temperature maps during open-circuit cooling and secondly, single-point temperatures during charge/discharge cycling. We observed that a 20-minute discharge on an energy-optimised cell (3.5 Ah) resulted in internal temperatures >70 °C, whereas, a faster 12-minute discharge on a power-optimised cell (1.5 Ah) resulted in substantially lower temperatures (< 50 °C). However, when comparing the two cells under the same electrical current, the peak temperatures were similar, e.g., a 6A discharge resulted in 40°C peak temperatures for both cell types. We observe that the operando temperature rise is due to heat accumulation, strongly influenced by the charging protocol e.g., constant-current (CC) and/or constant-voltage (CV). Design mitigations for temperature-related battery issues should now be explored using this novel methodology to provide opportunities for improved thermal management during high-rate EV applications.
Machine learning approaches to predicting the risk of in-ward cardiac arrest of cardiac patients in teaching hospital Karapitiya, Sri Lanka
Authors: Rajapaksha Lahiru T. W. , Vidanagamachchi Sugandima M. , Gunawardena Sampath 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Cardiac arrest is an instantaneous loss of cardiac function in a person who may or may not be diagnosed with heart disease, and it has a significant impact on a patient’s well-being and can also pose a threat to their life. This retrospective cohort study evaluates patients who were admitted to the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya (THK) from the 13th of August 2018 to the 6th of February 2020. It includes 112 patients who were transferred from the Emergency Treatment Unit to the Cardiac Medical Ward.MethodsA Deep-Learning Cardiac Arrest Prediction Model (DCPAM) was developed to predict the risk of cardiac arrest and to determine whether the patient would develop a cardiac arrest or not. A recurrent neural network (RNN) and a decision tree classification model were employed for this model. A total of nineteen commonly recorded medical details in the bed head tickets (BHT) of all cardiac patients were used in developing this model. As a comparative measure with existing early warning systems, we used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). ResultsThe Deep-Learning Cardiac Arrest Prediction Model developed using the RNN model significantly outperformed the aforementioned existing early warning systems by achieving 96% accuracy whereas the decision tree model showed 80% accuracy. Furthermore, the RNN model showed 95.83% of sensitivity with a confidence interval of 95.37% to 96.25% and specificity of 93.42% with a confidence interval of 92.07 to 94.61%.Conclusion Our proposed deep learning approach was developed in an environment that had no electronic medical recording systems in use. Nonetheless, it demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional early warning systems. Thus, it can be seen as an effective approach to identifying the risk of cardiac arrests in in-ward cardiac patients. Through this study, we analyze the feasibility of implementing an early warning system within the current health care setup in Sri Lanka.