bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Active Quaternary Deformation on the Great Valley Fault System near Winters, Northern California
Authors: Trexler Charles C. , Morelan Alexander E. , Catchings Rufus , Goldman Mark , Willard Jack 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Great Valley fault system defines the tectonic boundary between the Coast Ranges and the Central Valley in California, is active throughout the Quaternary, and has been the source of several significant (M &gt; 6) historic earthquakes, including the 1983 M 6.5 Coalinga earthquake and the 1892 Vacaville–Winters earthquake sequence. However, the locations and geometries of individual faults in the Great Valley fault system are poorly constrained, and fault slip rates and paleoearthquake chronology are largely unknown. Here, we report geomorphic and subsurface geophysical evidence of surface-deforming displacement on a strand of the Great Valley fault system west of Winters, California. Detailed geomorphic mapping and a high-resolution seismic reflection and tomography survey along an ∼800 m profile across the Bigelow Hills document a fault, which we call the West Winters strand of the Great Valley fault system, with apparent east side-up displacement of surficial geologic units. These data together suggest that the West Winters strand is active in the latest Quaternary. Together with local reports from the time, this raises the possibility that the West Winters strand may have ruptured and deformed the surface during the 1892 M 6 Vacaville–Winters earthquake sequence. Future earthquakes with vertical displacement on this and Great Valley fault system structures could have significant hazard implications, given the region’s low relief and the presence of major water conveyance infrastructure.
A New Analytical Model for Predicting Steam-Assisted Gravity-Drainage Performance in the Plateau and Decline Stages
Authors: Huang Cunkui , Zhang Shengfei , Wang Qiang , Wang Hongzhuang , Xiuluan Li , Huang Haibo , Deng Xiaohui 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Analytical models have been widely used to study the steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) process. Existing analytical models for this process either underperform or are limited in their applicability. In this paper, a new analytical model is developed to address these shortcomings. The new model consists of three major components. First, an equation for predicting oil production rate during the plateau stage was developed. This equation allows for permeability anisotropy in the reservoir, which is neglected in the majority of existing analytical models. Second, a novel and concise equation for calculating oil production rate during the decline stage was derived. This equation for the first time provides a general relationship between oil production rate during the decline stage and the properties of the reservoir together with key operating conditions and simultaneously mitigates the shortcomings of the majority of existing models (e.g., inapplicable in the decline stage of the SAGD process). Third, new correlations representing heat loss from the steam chamber to the overburden and heat transfer to oil-undepleted zone ahead of the chamber interface were derived; new predictive equations for estimating steam/oil ratio (SOR) in the plateau and decline stages of SAGD were obtained. The new model has been validated against a 2D scaled laboratory experiment and a set of field data. The results of this validation show that the new model predicts the oil production rate and SOR over the lifetime of an SAGD operation (excluding the short steam rise period) reasonably well. Predictions from the new model were also compared with several existing analytical models: The new model provided a closer match to actual measurements than other models. This robust model is grounded in more physics and incorporates reservoir geology and well operating conditions. It enables better understanding of the SAGD process and significantly improves the prediction of SAGD performance. Hence, it can be used to design new SAGD projects, predict existing projects, and optimize existing projects.
Associations of morphological changes in skeletal muscle with physical activity in preschool children
Authors: Deng Pengyu , Ozaki Hayao , Natsume Toshiharu , Ke Dandan , Lu Dajiang , Suzuki Koya , Naito Hisashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background：Physical activity (PA) is likely to be the most important modifiable factor in skeletal muscle development. However, the influence of PA on skeletal muscle of preschool children has not been thoroughly investigated. The main objective of this study is to objectively measure PA) and then evaluate the association between site-specific muscle changes and PA in relation to sex and weight statusin preschool children aged 3 to 4 years.
Methods: A total of 86 healthy preschool children, aged 3-4 years, were instructed to wear an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. The number of steps taken daily and minutes spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and total PA (TPA) were recorded. Muscle thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasonography using a 5-18 MHz scanning head. muscle thickness was measured at seven sites: the lateral forearm, upper arm, abdomen, anterior and posterior thigh, anterior and posterior lower leg.
Results: There was no significant difference between boys and girls in terms of MVPA and TPA on weekdays and weekends. According to the linear regression models, after adjusting for daylight duration, the muscle of the posterior thigh was significantly positively associated (p < 0.05) with daily steps and MVPA on weekdays for boys and girls, respectively.
Conclusions: We found that the muscle thickness of the posterior thigh in preschool children was significantly positively associated with PA, as measured by daily steps and MVPA. We suggest that for the overall health and wellbeing of preschool children, levels of PA should be maintained and/or increased, and preferably transformed into a regular part of daily living.
An Overview of Food Waste and Its Conversion Technology Into Animal Feeds
Authors: Hasan Ziaul , Lateef Muneera 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Food waste has been a global concern for the human population for a long time and it has hampered food security and environmental sustainability a lot. Food waste is any food or its unconsumable part that is discarded from the supply chain. Existing literature highlighted well the viability of using food waste in animal feeds and the safety and logistical issues that may arise. With the advancements in recent food technology and research, it’s now possible to convert food waste into valuable products that work as feed for animals. Generally, three different technologies wet based, dry based and fermentation-based are in use for the conversion of food waste into animal feed without compromising its nutritional values. Different value-added products have directly been extracted from food wastes using these technologies, from flavonoids to essential oils, and reused in various foods such as fruit juices as a flavouring agent. Amongst them, cheese whey is the most researched by-product and serves as an appropriate example of waste valorization. This review extensively emphasizes different food wastes based on their sources and the use of the latest technologies for their conversion to animal feed. The study also suggests different measures for reducing food waste while maintaining animal development and health along with environmental sustainability.
PAMR1 is a favorable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Liu Teng , Deng Shihua , Zhang Ting , Wu Dongming , Xu Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Peptidase domain containing associated with muscle regeneration 1 (PAMR1) is downregulated in breast cancer and cervical cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PAMR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Base on the analysis of datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a lower mRNA level of PAMR1 was detected in HCC compared that in normal liver tissues. The result was also confirmed by the experiment with immunohistochemistry (IHC), and qRT-PCR. The area under the curve(AUC) was 0.918 through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that lower PAMR1 expression predicted prognostic outcome. Then, the genes closely associated with PAMR1 were screened and enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, showing their role on extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and blood vessel development. Moreover, PAMR1 expression was positively correlated with immune cells infiltration. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the downregulated genes in the low-PAMR1 subgroup were significantly enriched in an inflammatory response, hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS signaling, and TNF-α signaling via NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, PAMR1 shows lower level in HCC,and represents a favorable diagnostic and prognostic factor for HCC.
High Salinity Shelf Water production in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea from high-resolution near-surface salinity observations
Authors: Miller Una , Zappa Christopher , Gordon Arnold , Yoon Seung-Tae , Stevens Craig , Lee Won Sang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) is a precursor to Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), a water mass that facilitates the sequestration of atmospheric heat and carbon into the deep ocean. The salinity of HSSW in the Ross Sea is sensitive to both local and broader regional forcing, with implications for the density of downstream AABW and the ocean’s ability to buffer against climate change. One poorly constrained source of HSSW variability in this region is its rate of production within Terra Nova Bay (TNB) in the western Ross Sea. Here, we use an unprecedented set of near-surface salinity, current velocity, and acoustic surface tracking timeseries, collected from a mooring in TNB in austral winter 2017, to estimate HSSW production rates. In one of few studies at the resolution of individual katabatic wind events, we find that HSSW production rates correlate with katabatic wind event frequency in early winter and with frequency, strength, and duration in late winter, suggesting a complex dependence on polynya dynamics. We calculate an average HSSW production rate of ~0.6 Sverdrups (106 m3 s-1)that allows us to validate an approach for estimating production rates from parametrized net surface heat fluxes, which we use to examine interannual variability in production rates across the decade. Though further mooring-based estimates are needed for confirmation, results suggest HSSW production in TNB has been mostly increasing since 2015 and could play a previously unrecognized role in the recently observed recovery of HSSW salinity in this region.
The COVID-19 e-lective: Using innovation to manage disrupted medical student clinical placements
Authors: Smith Janie Dade , Jones Peter D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way we work, spend, live, and learn. The impact was felt in the health sector where hospitals cancelled elective surgery, put on hold outpatient services, and implemented new social distancing procedures and telehealth systems, to enable hospitals to increase bed capacity. For medical students, these factors meant significant disruption to their clinical placements, remote delivery of their education, cessation of international and interstate placements, complicated by significant travel restrictions and border closures. There were concerns that final year students might be unable to graduate that year due to this lack of clinical exposure.
Innovation
As a result of this disruption in late March 2020 we developed an innovative six week ‘COVID-19 e-lective’ rotation, consisting of online modules, virtual clinical tutorials and a COVID project totalling the equivalent of two hundred hours of work.
Results
An evaluation was undertaken that found it to be remarkably successful in meeting the students’ learning needs and alleviating concerns about disrupted placements. It was also conducted during 2021 for all Year 4 students to help expand clinical placement opportunities.
Outcomes
This paper describes the e-lective, its innovations, its challenges, and its evaluation findings, for others to learn from.
Hypothalamic hamartoma related to Pallister-Hall syndrome in an adolescent patient: illustrative case.
Authors: Chavez-Herrera Victor Ramzes , Moreno-Ortiz Emmanuel , Casarrubias-Islas Roberto , Leal-Tapia Karen Alejandra , Flores-Salgado Rosa L. Margarita , Huicochea-Montiel Juan Carlos , Sandoval-Bonilla Bayron A. , Perez-Carrillo Cristian Alberto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Hypothalamic hamartomas in relationship to Pallister-Hall syndrome are extremely rare; just over 100 cases have been reported. Most hypothalamic hamartomas are sporadic.

Observation(s)

A 17-year-old boy presented with a 3-year history of gelastic seizures and a suprasellar mass. The complete physical examination, blood work, and study images resulted in bilateral mesial-polydactyl, metacarpal syndactyly, glandular hypospadias, and hypoplastic nails. There were no hormone or neurological manifestations. Magnetic resonance image studies demonstrated a large non-enhancing suprasellar mass adjacent to the hypothalamus and displaced normal structures. An open biopsy of the mass and genetic studies was carried out to confirm the presumptive diagnosis. After the biopsy, treatment with Gamma knife and continuation of the anti-epileptic drug was indicated. The patient is seizure-free to this day.

Conclusion

Patients with Pallister-Hall hypothalamic hamartomas have a milder clinical scenario than native hypothalamic hamartomas; Pallister-Hall gelastic seizures usually respond well to antiepileptic drugs, and native hypothalamic hamartomas are well-known to be resistant. Even though a very large suprasellar mass could be found, most patients present with premature puberty and/or gelastic seizures, with almost no neurological deficits related to the size of the mass.
Empirical Approaches for Non-linear Site Response: Results for the ESG6-Blind Test
Authors: REGNIER Julie , Bard Pierre-Yves , Castro-Cruz David , Derras Boumédienne , Bertrand Etienne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe use two different purely empirical approaches to estimate the non-linear transfer function between a reference rock and a sedimentary site from recordings of weak ground motions and site-condition proxies. The modulus of the linear transfer function is first computed from weak motions and then modulated with a correction to consider non-linear soil behavior. Afterward, a time delay between the rock and site stations is considered using the weak motions delays and a minimum-phase assumption is used to derive a complex transfer function, which then allows to recover the prediction of acceleration time series a(t) at the sedimentary site. We apply these two approaches to the material provided for step 3 of the blind prediction exercise organized by the ESG6 Conference. The predictions were compared to the recordings that were provided after the blind test and to the overall predictions performed in the benchmark. Both methods underestimate the non-linear effects on the site response. For the foreshock, it contributes to improve the prediction compared to the other predictions. However, the prediction is less accurate for the mainshock. The prediction is also based on the average linear transfer function which, in case of large variability between weak motion transfer functions, may underestimate at some frequencies the amplification. Both of these purely empirical methods provide an honorable prediction of the Fourier spectra and acceleration time histories of the two target events, as the methods required only recordings of weak motions at the target and a referent sites and very simple description of the soil profile. The use of moderate motions to constrain the frequency shift prediction for the second method and the consideration of an alternative phase modification are possible ways to improvement.
The association between proton pump inhibitor prescription and QT interval prolongation in intensive care unit patients
Authors: Fan Weiguo , Liu Hualong , Shen Yang , Hong Kui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Drug-induced QT interval prolongation has been reported to be related tolife-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (torsade de pointes). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are prescribed widelyfor hospitalized patients, the QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes caused by PPIs were reported. We tried to explore whether PPIs can increase the risk of QT interval prolongation among intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods: This study included patients with electrocardiography (ECG) reports from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database (MIMIC-III). Patients younger than 18 years and those with missing laboratory results were excluded. The end point was QT interval prolongation according to ECG reports.
Results:This study included 84,653 ECG reports of 25,426 ICU patients, 14,520 (57.1%) patients had been prescribed PPIs and 2,271 (8.93%) showed a prolonged QT interval. Patients treated with PPIs had a higher incidence of QT interval prolongation (11.17% vs. 5.95%; odd ratio [OR] 1.99, 95% CI: 1.81-2.19; P < 0.001) than those absent PPIs prescription. PPI treatment was associated with an increased risk of QT interval prolongation (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.30-1.62; P < 0.001) in adjusted logistic regression for serum potassium, serum magnesium, serum total calcium, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), comorbidities and known QT-prolonging drugs. In the matched population, patients treated with PPIs also had a higher risk of QT prolongation (8.74% vs. 6.29, OR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.23-1.66). Pantoprazole was associated with higher risk of QT interval prolongation compared with omeprazole and lansoprazole.
Conclusion: There was an association between PPI prescription and QT interval prolongation in ICU patients, independent on known QT-prolonging factors. Pantoprazole had thehighest risk among three PPIs.
CoVnita: An End-to-end Privacy-preserving Framework for SARS-CoV-2 Classification
Authors: Sim Jun Jie , Zhou Weizhuang , Chan Fook Mun , Annamalai Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva , Deng Xiaoxia , Tan Benjamin Hong Meng , Aung Khin Mi Mi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Classification of viral strains is essential in monitoring and managing the COVID-19 pandemic, but patient privacy and data security concerns often limit the extent of the open sharing of full viral genome sequencing data. We propose a framework called CoVnita, that supports private training of a classification model and secure inference with the same model.

Using genomic sequences from eight common SARS-CoV-2 strains, we simulated scenarios where the data was distributed across multiple data providers.

Our framework produces a private federated model, over 8 parties, with a classification AUROC of 0.99, given a privacy budget of ε=1.
The roundtrip time, from encryption to decryption, took a total of 0.298 seconds, with an amortized time of 74.5 microseconds per sample.
Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Fan Maoxia , Li Runmin , Wu Xiaoqi , Dai Guohua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:Acupuncture is widely used in the clinical treatment of essential hypertension(EH). To summarize current systematic reviews of acupuncture for EH, assess methodological bias and the quality of evidence.Methods:Two researchers searched and extracted 7 databases for systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs),and independently assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence of SRs/MAs included in randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Tools used included the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.Results:This overview included 14 SRs/MAs that use quantitative calculations to comprehensively assess the various effects of acupuncture in essential hypertension interventions.The methodological quality, reporting quality, risk of bias, and quality of evidence for outcome measures of SRs/MAs were all unsatisfactory. According to the results of the AMSTAR-2 assessment, all SRs/MAs were of low and very low quality. According to the results of the ROBIS evaluation, a few SRs/MAs were assessed as low risk of bias.According to the results of the PRISMA checklist assessment, SRs/MAs that were not fully reported on the checklist accounted for the majority. According to the GRADE system, 86 outcomes were assessed under different interventions in SRs/MAs, and 2 were rated as moderate-quality evidence, 23 as low-quality evidence, and 61 as very low-quality evidence.Limitations of the included SRs/MAs included the lack of necessary items, such as not being registered in the protocol, not providing a list of excluded studies, and not analyzing and addressing the risk of bias that existed,etc.Conclusion:Currently, acupuncture may be an effective and safe treatment for EH, but the quality of evidence is low, and caution should be exercised when applying this evidence in clinical practice.
Multistep Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-2-(-1H-1,2,3-triazolyl)methyl)thio)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin- 4(1H)-one Derivative by Novel Cu@Py-Oxa@SPION Catalyst
Authors: Sherafati Alireza , Moradi Shahram , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this pared, an efficient method is introduced for the synthesis of 3-alkyl-2-(((4-(2-oxopropyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)alkyl)thio)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. These novel products have both 1,2,3-triazole and quinazolinone in their structures. For the synthesis of these products, a novel catalyst is designed, synthesized, and characterized by the immobilization of copper onto modified magnetic iron oxide. The catalyst (denoted: Cu@Py-Oxa@SPION) was characterized by several characterization techniques. As an advantage, the catalyst is highly recoverable and its activity has not decreased after 7 sequential runs. The method is very efficient for the synthesis of the products in high isolated yields under mild reaction conditions in a green solvent. The scope of the method is broad and several examples were successfully synthesized using starting materials with different functional groups.
Matrix Stiffness, Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Xu Zichen , Chen Yi , Wang Yi , Han Wenbo , Xu Wenfeng , Liao Xiaoling , Zhang Tao , Wang Guixue 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of the human cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Endothelial dysfunction promotes the monocytes infiltration and inflammation that participate fundamentally in atherogenesis. Endothelial cells (EC) have been recognized as mechanosensitive cells and have different responses to distinct mechanical stimuli. Emerging evidence shows matrix stiffness-mediated EC dysfunction plays a vital role in vascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet completely understood.
Methods
It is through literature search to introduce the detailed role of matrix stiffness in the EC dysfunction in the process of AS diseases.
Results
This article aims to summarize the effect of matrix stiffness on the pro-atherosclerotic characteristics of EC including morphology, rigidity, biological behavior and function as well as the related mechanical signal. The review also discusses and compares the contribution of matrix stiffness-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages and EC to AS progression.
Conclusion
These advances in our understanding of the relationship between matrix stiffness and EC dysfunction open the avenues to improve the prevention and treatment of now-ubiquitous atherosclerotic diseases.