bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed C−H/N−H Alkyne Annulation of Nonsymmetric Imidazoles: Mechanistic Insights by Computation and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Machado Luana A. , Paz Esther R. S. , Araujo Maria H. , Almeida Leandro D. , Bozzi Ícaro A. O. , Dias Gleiston G. , Pereira Cynthia L. M. , Pedrosa Leandro F. , Fantuzzi Felipe , Martins Felipe T. , Cury Luiz A. , da Silva Júnior Eufrânio N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImidazoles constitute an important class of heterocyclic compounds with extensive potential use, from pharmaceuticals to optoelectronics. However, synthetic methodologies capable of producing novel nonsymmetric imidazoles are still scarce. In a combined synthesis, photophysical and computational investigation, we show that ruthenium(II) catalysis enables C−H/N−H alkyne annulation of nonsymmetric imidazoles derived from naturally occuring β‐lapachone and nor‐β‐lapachone. This method provides an efficient and versatile tool for synthesizing fluorescent compounds with a broad application range.
Behavioral, Histological, and Physiological Evaluation of the Effect of Imidacloprid on the Spider Misumenops maculissparsus
Authors: Gabellone Cecilia , Molina Gabriel , Arrighetti Florencia , Laino Aldana , Garcia Carlos Fernando 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (commercial formulation) on juveniles of the spider Misumenops maculissparsus (Keyserling, 1891). We first analyzed whether spiders recognized the presence of the insecticide on surfaces and in drinking water (in the form of droplets). Next, we investigated if the insecticide generated histologic, physiologic, and/or biochemical alterations. We observed that spiders do not detect the insecticide on a surface (e.g., paper) or in the form of droplets. After the imidacloprid ingestion by droplet intake, most spiders exhibited a paralysis that reverted after 48 h. Consequently, we observed histopathologic damage (i.e., pigment accumulation, necrosis, and cuticle detachment), and an increased catalase (CAT) activity and total-protein concentration in the individuals treated. The activities of glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, however, did not undergo significant variations. The results obtained emphasize the need to consider different classes of biomarkers, such as CAT and other proteins, to identify and evaluate the histologic, biologic, and biochemical effects of imidacloprid, one of the most widely used insecticides. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2152–2161. © 2022 SETAC
Applicability of correlated digital image correlation and infrared thermography for measuring mesomechanical deformation in foams and auxetics
Authors: Grednev Sergej , Bronder Stefan , Kunz Francesco , Reis Martin , Kirsch Susanne‐Marie , Welsch Felix , Seelecke Stefan , Diebels Stefan , Jung Anne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCellular materials such as metal foams or auxetic metamaterials are interesting microheterogeneous materials used for lightweight construction and as energy absorbers. Their macroscopic behavior is related to their specific mesoscopic deformation by a strong structure‐property‐relationship. Digital image correlation and infrared thermography are two methods to visualize and study the local deformation behavior in materials. The present study deals with the full‐field thermomechanical analysis of the mesomechanical deformation in Ni/PU hybrid foams and Ni/polymer hybrid auxetic structures performing a correlative digital image correlation and infrared thermography. Instead of comparing and correlating only the primary output variables of both methods, strain and temperature, also strain rates and temperature rates occurring during deformation were compared. These allow for a better correlation and more conclusive results than obtained using only the primary output variables.
Climate and anthropogenic drivers of changes in abundance of C4 annuals and perennials in grasslands on the Mongolian Plateau
Authors: Yang Hao , Auerswald Karl , Gong Xiaoying , Schnyder Hans , Bai Yongfei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundC4 plants have increased substantially during the past several decades in the grasslands of the Mongolian Plateau due to regional warming. Here, we explore how the patterns of abundances of C4 annuals and C4 perennials change over space and time.MethodsA total of 280 sites with C4 plants were surveyed in four types of grasslands in 9 years. The relative biomasses of C4 plants (PC4), C4 annuals (PA4), and C4 perennials (PP4) were calculated. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the drivers of changes in PA4 and PP4.ResultsAt the regional scale, PA4 on average was 11% (±19%, SD) and PP4 was 13% (±19%, SD). Spatially, C4 annuals dominated the C4 communities within an east–west belt region along 44° N and tended to spread toward northern latitudes (about 0.5°) and higher altitudes in the east mountainous areas. The abundance of C4 annuals decreased, while that of C4 perennials increased. The patterns of C4 annuals and C4 perennials were mainly controlled by temperature, growing season precipitation, and dynamics between the two life forms.ConclusionsC4 annuals exhibited competitive advantages in normal and wet years, while C4 perennials had competitive advantages in dry years. Grazing as a main human disturbance increased C4 annuals, but had no significant effect on C4 perennials.
The prevalence and risk factors of death anxiety and fear of COVID‐19 in an Iranian community: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mani Arash , Fereidooni Reza , Salehi‐Marzijarani Mohammad , Ardekani Ali , Sasannia Sarvin , Habibi Pardis , Zarei Leila , Heydari Seyed Taghi , Lankarani Kamran B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsCOVID‐19 has adversely impacted the public's mental health. One of the causes of psychopathology during the present pandemic is death anxiety and fear of COVID‐19. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of death anxiety and fear of COVID‐19 in Shiraz city, south of Iran.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted among 982 participants in Shiraz from October to November 2021. Data were collected using Templer's Death Anxiety Scale and the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale. Trained interviewers collected data throughout different city districts. A data‐driven approach (latent class analysis) was applied to categorize the participants and determine the risk factors.ResultsAmong the participants, 507 (51.6%) were female, and 475 (48.4%) were male. The participants’ mean age was 38.26 ± 15.16 years. Based on the analysis, 259 (26.4%), 512 (52.1%), and 211 (21.5%) participants had low, moderate, and severe levels of death anxiety. Also, 393 (40.06%) and 588 (59.94%) of the participants had low and high levels of fear, respectively. Higher death anxiety was significantly associated with being female, having an associate degree, being retired, share of medical expenditure from total expenditure of more than 10%, having a history of hospital admission due to COVID‐19, history of COVID‐19 in relatives, and having fear of COVID‐19. Also, being female, expenses equal to income, history of hospital admission due to COVID‐19, death in relatives, and higher death anxiety were linked to higher levels of fear of COVID‐19.ConclusionsDeath anxiety and fear of COVID‐19 are closely associated with each other and affected by various sociodemographic and economic factors. Given this pandemic's unpredictable nature and chronicity, interventions at the community level to support high‐risk groups are crucial.
Comment on the paper “Entropy generation minimization on electromagnetohydrodynamic radiative Casson nanofluid flow over a melting Riga plate, Adebowale Martins Obalalu, Lawal Lanre Adebayo, Ilhami Colak, Adebayo Olusegun Ajala, Fatai Adisa Wahaab, Heat Transfer 2022;1‐28”
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSome errors exist in the above paper.
Platinum sensitivity in patients with IDH1/2 mutated vs wild‐type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A propensity score‐based study
Authors: Niger Monica , Nichetti Federico , Casadei‐Gardini Andrea , Rizzato Mario Domenico , Pircher Chiara , Bini Marta , Franza Andrea , Rimini Margherita , Burgio Valentina , Sposetti Caterina , Fornaro Lorenzo , Rapposelli Ilario Giovanni , D'Amico Francesco Enrico , Aprile Giuseppe , Vivaldi Caterina , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Milione Massimo , Leoncini Giuseppe , Cappetta Alessandro , Vasile Enrico , Fassan Matteo , Morano Federica , Perrone Federica , Tamborini Elena , Pruneri Giancarlo , Lonardi Sara , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Pietrantonio Filippo , Di Bartolomeo Maria , de Braud Filippo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1/2 mutations are the most frequent druggable alterations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), reported in ~20% of cases. Preclinical evidence indicates that these mutations are associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), which could be exploited as a target for platinum chemotherapy (ChT) and PARP inhibitors. However, the role of IDH1/2 mutations as surrogate biomarkers for platinum efficacy is unknown. We conducted a multicenter, propensity score‐matched analysis to investigate the impact of IDH1/2 mutations on progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in patients with iCCA treated with platinum‐based ChT. An exploratory comparison of complex HRD estimates between IDH1/2 mutated and wild‐type tumors from TCGA was also performed. A total of 120 cases were matched in a 1:1 ratio (60 IDH1/2 mutant and 60 wild‐type). No differences were observed for platinum‐based PFS (7.7 vs 7.3 months, P = .970), DCR (66.1% vs 74.1%, P = .361) and ORR (27.8% vs 25.0%, P = .741). IDH1/2 mutations showed mutual exclusivity with genomic alterations in ATM, BRCA2, MST1R, NF1, FGFR2 and CDKN2A/B losses, respectively, with no clear survival and response differences. Among TCGA tumors, IDH1/2 mutated CCA did not show higher HRD compared to wild‐type cases. IDH1/2 mutations are not associated with increased sensitivity to platinum‐based ChT in iCCA patients. Deeper genomic sequencing is needed to elucidate the HRD phenotype in IDH1/2 mutant iCCA and exploit its therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Nordic adolescents responding to demanding survey scales in boring contexts: Examining straightlining
Authors: Aarø Leif Edvard , Fismen Anne‐Siri , Wold Bente , Skogen Jens Christoffer , Torsheim Torbjørn , Arnarsson Ársæll Már , Lyyra Nelli , Löfstedt Petra , Eriksson Charli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionStraightlining, or identical responses across all items within a multi‐item scale, is often taken as an indication that responses to all items in a questionnaire are of poor quality. The purpose of this study was to examine straightlining on two scales: The Sense of Unity Scale (SUS) and the short version of the Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale (SWEMWBS).MethodsData stem from the 2017–2018 data collections in four Nordic countries of the Health Behaviour in School‐children study (HBSC) (15‐year‐old students only; 50.9% girls; n = 5928). Data were weighted to adjust for oversampling of Swedish‐speaking Finnish students and to equalize sample size across countries. The main analyses were done with general linear modeling with adjustments for cluster effects (school classes).ResultsThe proportion with straightlining on SUS was 22.8%, varying from 5.8% among Swedish girls to 46.4% among Finnish boys. The proportion with straightlining on SWEMWBS was 18.4%, varying from 5.2% among Norwegian girls to 46.0% among Finnish boys. Straightlining on one of the scales correlated with straightlining on the other one. Straightlining tended to inflate Cronbach's α values and reduce number of factors in factor analyses. Associations between the two scales and external variables tended to be lower among straightlining students. Associations between external variables (other than SUS/SWEMWBS) are on average slightly weaker among straightliners. Straightlining students obtained more favorable scores on several resource‐related variables.ConclusionAlthough some problems have been identified, straightlining does not serve well as a general indicator of poor data quality.
Fatty acids of type 2 diabetic serum decrease the stemness properties of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Fayyazpour Parisa , Alizadeh Effat , Hosseini Vahid , Kalantary‐Charvadeh Ashkan , Niafar Mitra , Sadra Vahideh , Norouzi Zahra , Saebnazar Aysan , Mehdizadeh Amir , Darabi Masoud 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and increased serum free fatty acids (FFAs) exacerbate the development of the disease through a negative effect on insulin secretion. Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) play a key role in regenerative medicine, and these cells can potentially be applied as novel therapeutic resources in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, AdMSCs were treated with diabetic or nondiabetic serum FFAs isolated from women of menopausal age. Serum FFAs were analyzed using gas–liquid chromatography. The expression level of the stemness markers CD49e and CD90 and the Wnt signaling target genes Axin‐2 and c‐Myc were evaluated using real‐time PCR. The proliferation rate and colony formation were also assessed using a BrdU assay and crystal violet staining, respectively. The level of glutathione was assessed using cell fluorescence staining. Compared to nondiabetic serum, diabetic serum contained a higher percentage of oleate (1.5‐fold, p < 0.01). In comparison with nondiabetic FFAs, diabetic FFAs demonstrated decreasing effects on the expression of CD90 (−51%, p < 0.001) and c‐Myc (−48%, p < 0.05), and proliferation rate (−35%, p < 0.001), colony formation capacity (−50%, p < 0.01), and GSH levels (−62%, p < 0.05). The negative effect of the FFAs of diabetic serum on the stemness characteristics may impair the regenerative capabilities of AdMSCs.
Investigating binding mechanism of thymoquinone to human transferrin, targeting Alzheimer's disease therapy
Authors: Xue Bin , DasGupta Debarati , Alam Manzar , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Wang Shuo , Shamsi Anas , Islam Asimul , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIron deposition in the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the causes of neurodegenerative diseases. Human transferrin (hTf) acts as an iron carrier present in the blood plasma, preventing it from contributing to redox reactions. Plant compounds and their derivatives are frequently being used in preventing or delaying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thymoquinone (TQ), a natural product has gained popularity because of its broad therapeutic applications. TQ is one of the significant phytoconstituent of Nigella sativa. The binding of TQ to hTf was determined by spectroscopic methods and isothermal titration calorimetry. We have observed that TQ strongly binds to hTf with a binding constant (K) of 0.22 × 106 M−1 and forming a stable complex. In addition, isothermal titration calorimetry revealed the spontaneous binding of TQ with hTf. Molecular docking analysis showed key residues of the hTf that were involved in the binding to TQ. We further performed a 250 ns molecular dynamics simulation which deciphered the dynamics and stability of the hTf‐TQ complex. Structure analysis suggested that the binding of TQ doesn't cause any significant alterations in the hTf structure during the course of simulation and a stable complex is formed. Altogether, we have elucidated the mechanism of binding of TQ with hTf, which can be further implicated in the development of a novel strategy for AD therapy.
Neonatal D‐fenfluramine treatment promotes long‐term behavioral changes in adult mice
Authors: Laureano‐Melo Roberto , Dos‐Santos Raoni Conceição , da Conceição Rodrigo Rodrigues , de Souza Janaina Sena , da Silva Almeida Claudio , Reis Luís Carlos , Marinho Bruno Guimarães , Giannocco Gisele , Ahmed Ragab Gaber , da Silva Côrtes Wellington 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSerotonin exerts a significant role in the mammalian central nervous system embryogenesis and brain ontogeny. Therefore, we investigate the effect of neonatal treatment of d‐fenfluramine (d‐FEN), a serotonin (5‐HT) releaser, on the behavioral expression of adult male Swiss mice. For this purpose, we divided pregnant female Swiss mice into two groups (n = 6 each and ~35 g). Their offspring were treated with d‐FEN (3 mg/kg, s.c.) from postnatal days (PND) 5 to 20. At PND 21, one male puppy of each litter was euthanized; the midbrain and the hippocampus were dissected for RNA analysis. At PND 70, the male offspring underwent a behavioral assessment in the open field, elevated plus‐maze, light–dark box, tail suspension, and rotarod test. The programmed animals had a decrease in 5HT1a, serotonin transporter (SERT), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the mesencephalic raphe region. Alternatively, there was a reduction only in the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) and BDNF expression in the hippocampus. In the light–dark box test, offspring of the treated group had higher latency to light and less time on the light side than the control. Also, it was observed less time of immobility in the tail suspension test. We also observed low motor skill learning in the rotarod test. These findings suggest that programming with d‐FEN during the neonatal period alters a mesencephalic and hippocampal serotonergic system, promoting anxiety, antidepressant behavior, low coordination, and motor learning in adults.
Environmental enrichment as a strategy: Attenuates the anxiety and memory impairment in social isolation stress
Authors: Keloglan Musuroglu Seval , Ozturk Duygu Murat , Sahin Leyla , Cevik Ozge Selin , Cevik Kenan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial isolation (SI) early in life produces behavioral and cognitive abnormalities. On the contrary, environmental enrichment (EE) offers beneficial effects on brain plasticity and development. This study was designed to examine how EE affects memory functions, anxiety level, and the expression levels of memory/anxiety‐related genes such as NR2A, NR2B, BDNF, and cFos in the hippocampus of socially isolated rats.Materials and MethodsWistar albino male rats (n = 40) were separated into the five groups: Standard cage (SC), SI, EE, SI + SC, and SI + EE group. For each group, eight rats were housed, either grouped or isolated, in a standard or 3‐week EE, respectively. Morris water maze test (MWMT) was used for measuring the learning and memory function. Elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) were used for the evaluation of anxiety behavior. Blood corticosterone level was evaluated by the ELISA method. The expression levels of genes were measured by the RT‐PCR method.ResultsResults showed that EE increased memory performance in the SI group (p < 0.05). SI caused anxiety while EE improved anxiety behavior (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in the OF test. Corticosterone levels did not change between groups. BDNF expression level was downregulated in EE and SI + SC compared with the SC group (respectively; p = 0.012; p = 0.011). NR2A, NR2B, and cFos expression levels did not change between groups significantly.ConclusionsSI impaired memory performance while EE has beneficial effects on memory in socially isolated rats. EE alone was insufficient to cause alterations in the memory performance. The therapeutic effects of EE became strengthened while applied together with stress protocol. Together with improving the effectiveness of memory function, EE has the potential to decrease anxiety behavior. EE seemed to be the reason for decreasing in BDNF.
Impact of nitrogen fertilizer timing on nitrate loss and crop production in northwest Iowa
Authors: Waring Emily Rose , Sawyer John , Pederson Carl , Helmers Matt 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the U.S. Midwest, nitrate in subsurface tile drainage from corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] systems is detrimental to water quality at local and national scales. The objective of this replicated plot study in northwest Iowa, performed in 2015–2020, was to investigate the influence of nitrogen (N) fertilizer timing on crop production and NO3 load in subsurface (tile) drainage discharge. Four treatments applied to corn included fall anhydrous ammonia with a nitrification inhibitor (F), spring anhydrous ammonia (S), split‐banded urea at planting and mid‐vegetative growth (SS), and no N fertilizer (0N). Across crops and years, NO3–N concentration in subsurface drainage discharge was the same at 11.7 mg L–1 for F and S applied anhydrous ammonia (AA). The NO3–N concentration was statistically lower with SS urea (10 mg L–1) than F and S, and 0N was lower than SS at 8.3 mg L–1. Average annual NO3–N loads were not different between any treatments due to plot variability in drainage discharge. Corn responded to N application, with overall mean yield the same for F, S, and SS. There were no agronomic or water quality benefits for applying AA in spring compared with fall, where the F included a nitrification inhibitor and was applied to cold soils. Split‐applied urea had a small positive water quality impact but no crop yield enhancement. This study shows that there were improvements to NO3–N concentration in subsurface drainage discharge, but more nutrient reduction practices are needed than fertilizer N management alone to reduce nitrate load to surface water systems.
Light edges in 1‐planar graphs
Authors: Liu Juan , Wang Yiqiao , Wang Weifan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA graph is 1‐planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we prove that every 1‐planar graph with minimum degree at least 3 contains an edge with such that one of the following holds: (1) and ; (2) and ; (3) and ; (4) and ; (5) . The upper bound on in each of the five items except the second is sharp.
Hamiltonian cycles in 2‐tough 2K2 $2{K}_{2}$‐free graphs
Authors: Ota Katsuhiro , Sanka Masahiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA graph is called a ‐free graph if it does not contain as an induced subgraph. In 2014, Broersma, Patel, and Pyatkin showed that every 25‐tough ‐free graph on at least three vertices is Hamiltonian. Recently, Shan improved this result by showing that 3‐tough is sufficient instead of 25‐tough. In this paper, we show that every 2‐tough ‐free graph on at least three vertices is Hamiltonian, which was conjectured by Gao and Pasechnik.
Covering 3‐uniform hypergraphs by vertex‐disjoint tight paths
Authors: Han Jie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor α > 0 and large integer n, let H be an n‐vertex 3‐uniform hypergraph such that every pair of vertices is in at least edges. We show that contains two vertex‐disjoint tight paths whose union covers the vertex set of . The quantity two here is best possible and the degree condition is asymptotically best possible. This result also has an interpretation as the deficiency problems, recently introduced by Nenadov, Sudakov, and Wagner: every such can be made Hamiltonian by adding at most two vertices and all triples intersecting them.