bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative protocols following endoscopic skull base surgery: An evidence‐based review with recommendations
Authors: Abiri Arash , Patel Tirth R. , Nguyen Emily , Birkenbeuel Jack L. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Choby Garret , Wang Eric W. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative management strategies for endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) vary widely because of limited evidence‐based guidance.MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were systematically reviewed from January 1990 through February 2022 to examine 18 postoperative considerations for ESBS. Nonhuman studies, articles written in a language other than English, and case reports were excluded. Studies were assessed for levels of evidence, and each topic's aggregate grade of evidence was evaluated.ResultsA total of 74 studies reporting on 18 postoperative practices were reviewed. Postoperative pain management, prophylactic antibiotics, and lumbar drain use had the highest grades of evidence (B). The literature currently lacks high quality evidence for a majority of the reviewed ESBS precautions. There were no relevant studies to address postoperative urinary catheter use and medical intracranial pressure reduction.ConclusionThe evidence for postoperative ESBS precautions is heterogeneous, scarce, and generally of low quality. Although this review identified the best evidence available in the literature, it suggests the urgent need for more robust evidence. Therefore, additional high‐quality studies are needed in order to devise optimal postoperative ESBS protocols.
Template‐Guided Regioselective Encaging of Platinum Single Atoms into Y Zeolite: Enhanced Selectivity in Semihydrogenation and Resistance to Poisoning
Authors: Chen Qiang , Peng Pai , Yang Ganjun , Li Yanzhi , Han Mengxi , Tan Yaozong , Zhang Chengxi , Chen Junwen , Jiang Kun , Liu Lei , Ye Chenliang , Xing Enhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is challenging to establish single metal atoms with a uniform coordination environment at targeted sites of a zeolite. In this study, single platinum atoms were selectively encaged in the six‐membered rings of sodalite (SOD) cages within Y zeolite using a template‐guiding strategy. During the in situ synthesis process, template molecules were designed to occupy supercages and thereby force coordinated platinum species into SOD cages. Subsequent control of the post‐treatment conditions yielded the Y zeolite with selectively encaged single platinum atoms, denoted Pt@Y‐SOD. The Pt@Y‐SOD catalyst had good stability and excellent catalytic selectivity in the semihydrogenation reaction, and it exhibited interesting thiophene and carbon monoxide resistance in this transformation because interactions with these poisons are weakened by the configuration of the encaged single platinum atoms.
Molecular Inhibition for Selective CO2 Conversion
Authors: Creissen Charles E. , Rivera de la Cruz José Guillermo , Karapinar Dilan , Taverna Dario , Schreiber Moritz W. , Fontecave Marc 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction presents a sustainable route to the production of chemicals and fuels. Achieving a narrow product distribution with heterogeneous Cu catalysts is challenging and conventional material modifications offer limited control over selectivity. Here, we show that surface‐immobilised molecular species can act as inhibitors for specific carbon products to provide rational control over product distributions. Combined experimental and computational results showed that anchoring of a thiol‐functionalised pyridine on Cu destabilises a surface‐bound reaction intermediate to energetically block a CO‐producing pathway, thereby favouring formate production. The nitrogen atom was shown to be essential to the inhibition mechanism. The ability of molecules to control selectivity through inhibition of specific reaction pathways offers a unique approach to rationally modify heterogeneous catalysts.
Reversible Insulator–Metal Transition by Chemical Doping and Dedoping of a Mott Insulator
Authors: Teruya Ryota , Sato Tetsu , Yamashita Masahiro , Hanasaki Noriaki , Ueda Akira , Matsuda Masaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe chemical carrier doping of molecular Mott insulators has been poorly investigated to date due to its difficulty. In this study, iodine doping of a molecular Mott insulator, lithium phthalocyanine crystallized in the x‐form (x‐LiPc), was performed to obtain metallic x‐LiPcI. Crystal structure analysis revealed that iodine atoms penetrated channels of x‐LiPc and formed one‐dimensional chains. The Raman spectroscopy of x‐LiPcI indicated the existence of linear I5−, demonstrating a transition from a half‐filled band of the Mott insulating state to a 2/5‐filled band of the metallic state. Electrical resistivity measurements confirmed the metallic nature of x‐LiPcI, whereas a thermally activated behavior was observed for pristine x‐LiPc. Furthermore, the x‐LiPc Mott insulator was reproduced by dedoping iodine from x‐LiPcI, suggesting that the electronic state can be reversibly tuned between the Mott insulating and metallic states by chemical doping and dedoping.
Reverse Sequence Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly in Aqueous Media
Authors: Neal Thomas J. , Penfold Nicholas J. W. , Armes Steven P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report a new aqueous polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) formulation that enables the hydrophobic block to be prepared first when targeting diblock copolymer nano‐objects. This counter‐intuitive reverse sequence approach uses an ionic reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent for the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) to produce charge‐stabilized latex particles. Chain extension using a water‐soluble methacrylic, acrylic or acrylamide comonomer then produces sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles in an aqueous one‐pot formulation. In each case, the monomer diffuses into the PHPMA particles, which act as the locus for the polymerization. A remarkable change in morphology occurs as the ≈600 nm latex is converted into much smaller sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles, which exhibit thermoresponsive behavior. Such reverse sequence PISA formulations enable the efficient synthesis of new functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles.
Improving proton conductivity of metal organic framework materials by reducing crystallinity
Authors: Tang Huan , Lv Xueyi , Du Juan , Liu Yang , Liu Jie , Guo Lihua , Zheng Xiaofeng , Hao Hongguo , Liu Zhe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeveloping a new type of proton conductive material is key to improve the energy conversion performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In recent years, metal organic framework (MOF) matrix conductive materials have become one of the research hotspots in the field of MOF. However, the grain boundaries in MOF particles and MOF@polymer composite films make it difficult to form long‐range ordered proton transport channels. Reducing crystallinity and changing the internal structural properties of MOF matrix may effectively improve its proton conductivity. In this study, some synthesis strategies were used to induce the crystallinity of MOF matrix to improve the proton conductivity, and low‐crystallinity MOG materials were obtained. In all, eight materials were prepared. The morphology characterization and proton conductivity of MOF and MOG materials were studied to explore the influence of different crystallinities and internal structures on proton conductivity. The results explicitly indicated that for the hydrophilic materials, the proton conductivity of MOG‐MOF‐808, MOG‐UiO‐66, MOG‐HKUST‐1 was significantly improved, compared with the corresponding MOFs at 75% RH. Among them, MOG‐MOF‐808 and MOG‐UiO‐66 show strong water stability and thermal stability, ensuring that it can be applied in special and complex environments. For the hydrophobic ZIF‐8 and MOG‐ZIF‐8, both their proton conductivities are low due to the material characteristics and network structures, while the proton conductivity of MOG‐ZIF‐8 is also higher than that of ZIF‐8 at 303 K. The results show that the abundant low‐crystallinity network structure in MOG materials played a very important role in improving the proton conductivity of the hydrophilic materials.
Constructing highly rough skin layer of thin film (nano)composite polyamide membranes to enhance separation performance: A review
Authors: Hu Dan , Ren Xiaomin , Fu Hongyan , Wang Yu , Feng Xudong , Li Hehe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe thin‐film (nano)composite (TFC or TFN) polyamide membrane prepared by interfacial polymerization method has a wide range of applications in water treatment. The preparation of TFC or TFN membrane with a highly wrinkled morphology in the selective layer can significantly improve the permeability of the membrane and is an effective way to break the “trade‐off” effect. However, the formation mechanism of highly rough skin layer and the membrane fouling performance associated with the rough structure have been underexplored. In this review, the formation mechanisms of crumpled membranes were summarized into four aspects: interfacial nanobubbles effect, template method, diffusion‐driven instability, and co‐solvent effects. On the basis of these mechanisms, researchers have explored different methods to construct membranes with highly rough structures. This article summarized these construction methods including introduction of additives, construction of functional interlayer, sacrificial template and some other strategies. The advantages and disadvantages of these fabrication methods and the separation performance comparison of the crumpled membrane and the original membrane were discussed in detail. Furthermore, the review analyzed the recent research status of the anti‐fouling performance of the pleated membrane, and finally put forward the research opinions on the future in fabricating highly roughness membranes.
A review of venipuncture sites in Alligator mississippiensis with anatomical description of a novel venipuncture site
Authors: Wilhite Ray , Nevarez Javier 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHere we describe and illustrate the sites of venipuncture in the alligator using CT reconstructions, cross‐sectional anatomy, and traditional dissection. We also describe the clinical approach for each venipuncture site and describe a novel site for venipuncture in crocodilians, the lateral occipital sinus. Based on the authors' experience, the lateral occipital sinuses offer the safest, simplest, and most consistent access for venipuncture in the alligator. Future studies should examine other crocodilian species to confirm the presence of the lateral occipital sinuses.
Safety and preliminary efficacy of argatroban plus dual antiplatelet therapy for acute mild to moderate ischemic stroke with large artery atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Xiao‐Qiu , Hou Xiao‐Wen , Cui Yu , Tian Xiao‐Fu , Wang Xin‐Hong , Zhou Zhong‐He , Chen Hui‐Sheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies suggest the benefit of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for acute ischemic stroke with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) etiology, but there is no study about the effect of DAPT plus anticoagulant in this population.MethodsA prospective single arm trial was performed to determine the effect of DAPT combined with argatroban on acute mild to moderate ischemic stroke patients with LAA, which was compared with historical populations. The main outcome was the proportion of early neurological deterioration (END). The secondary outcomes included scores of 0 to 1 and 0 to 2 on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days, and changes in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) from baseline to day 7 after admission. The safety outcomes included intracranial hemorrhage at 7 days, organ hemorrhage, and all‐cause mortality at 90 days.ResultsA total of 120 patients with argatroban plus DAPT were prospectively enrolled and 529 patients with only DAPT were retrospectively collected. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between groups. Compared with control group, combined treatment group had lower proportion of END (4.2% vs. 10.0%, adjusted p = .046), more reduction in NIHSS score from the baseline to day 7 after admission (1.06 ± 2.03 vs. 0.39 ± 1.97, adjusted p = .003), and higher proportion of mRS (0–2) at 90 days (87.5% vs. 79.2%, adjusted p = .048). No intracranial hemorrhage was found between groups.ConclusionsThis is the first report that short‐term argatroban combined with DAPT seems to be safe and may effectively prevent END and improve neurological prognosis for acute mild to moderate ischemic stroke patients with LAA; however, interpretation of the conclusion required caution due to nonrandomized controlled trial with medium sample size.
COVID‐19, ESG investing, and the resilience of more sustainable stocks: Evidence from European firms
Authors: Cardillo Giovanni , Bendinelli Ennio , Torluccio Giuseppe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFollowing the COVID‐19 outbreak, orientation toward sustainability is a critical factor in ensuring firm survival and growth. Using a large sample of 1,204 firms in Europe during the year 2020, this study investigates how more sustainable firms fare during the pandemic compared with other firms in terms of risk–return trade‐off and stock market liquidity. We also highlight the drivers of the resilience of more sustainable firms to the pandemic. Particularly, we document that higher levels of cash holdings and liquid assets in the pre‐COVID period help these firms to perform and absorb the COVID‐19 externalities better than other firms. Our results are robust to a host of econometric models, including GMM estimations and several measures of stock market performance. These findings contribute to the theoretical and empirical debate on the role of the sustainability as a source of corporate resilience to unexpected shocks.
Fostering green product innovation through green entrepreneurial orientation: The roles of employee green creativity, green role identity, and organizational transactive memory system
Authors: Tuan Luu Trong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeveloping new green products is critical to an organization's achievement of sustainable goals as well as competitive advantage. This study aims to unravel the mechanisms through which organizations with green entrepreneurial orientation (green EO) can foster green product innovation. The dataset for testing these mechanisms was garnered from employees and managers who worked in manufacturing firms based in an Asia‐Pacific market. Through a multilevel analysis of the data, the study revealed the positive nexus between organizational green EO and green product innovation. The results of the study further lent credence to employee green creativity as a mediation path for such a relationship. Furthermore, employee green role identity and organizational transactive memory system were found to fortify the linkage between green EO and employee green creativity. These results suggest to organizations how to optimally translate their green entrepreneurial strategy into new green products that met customer preferences and societal expectations.
Anticancer Activity of Reconstituted Ribonuclease S‐Decorated Artificial Viral Capsid
Authors: Liang Yingbing , Furukawa Hiroto , Sakamoto Kentarou , Inaba Hiroshi , Matsuura Kazunori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRibonuclease S (RNase S) is an enzyme that exhibits anticancer activity by degrading RNAs within cancer cells; however, the cellular uptake efficiency is low due to its small molecular size. Here we generated RNase S‐decorated artificial viral capsids with a size of 70–170 nm by self‐assembly of the β‐annulus‐S‐peptide followed by reconstitution with S‐protein at neutral pH. The RNase S‐decorated artificial viral capsids are efficiently taken up by HepG2 cells and exhibit higher RNA degradation activity in cells compared with RNase S alone. Cell viability assays revealed that RNase S‐decorated capsids have high anticancer activity comparable to that of standard anticancer drugs.
Shape optimization of pipeline components
Authors: Guarato de Freitas Santos Jessica , de Souza Francisco José , Silva de Lima Bruno 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen it comes to shape optimization of processes and equipment in an industrial environment, adjoint methods together with computational fluid dynamics have been a great solution. The success of these methods is due to the total cost of obtaining the sensitivity derivatives once it is independent of the number of shape parameters. However, few developments for multiphase flows have been proposed, as there are still fundamental limitations in adjoint models that might prevent their common use. The adjoint theory is not applicable, for example, to the Lagrangian formulation, which has been the workhorse in particle‐induced erosion simulations. Despite these circumstances, it is intuitively possible to think that the optimization of the carrier flow is also expected to ‘optimize’ the particle flow. For instance, reducing total losses in a pipe junction will lead to a more streamlined design. This, in turn, will prevent sudden changes in fluid motion and, consequently, in particle path. As a direct outcome, erosion is expected to be mitigated, as it is mostly influenced by the particle velocity. Given the lack of rigorous mathematical proof of that, the present work investigates how the optimization of single‐phase flow can also mitigate erosion. The erosive wear problem was tackled in three different bend pipes, and the correlation with Stokes number was further explored. As general results, substantial reductions in peak erosion have been found as a consequence of minimizing total losses for all addressed cases. Accordingly, these pipeline components may have an increase in their service life.
Effects of 4‐month running exercise on the spatial learning ability and white matter volume and microvessels of middle‐aged female and male rats
Authors: Huang Chun‐Xia , Zhang Lei , Xiao Qian , Li Chen , Qiu Xuan , Chao Feng‐lei , Xiu Yun , Wang San‐rong , Zhang Yi , Tang Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAge‐related degeneration of microvessels is known to occur in white matter, and exercise training can enhance brain function and promote cerebral blood flow. However, the effects of exercise training on microvessels in aged white matter are unknown. Forty‐one middle‐aged male and female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary group and an exercised group. The rats in the exercised group were made to run on treadmills for 4 months. The spatial learning capacities of all groups were then assessed with the Morris water maze. White matter and its microvessels were investigated using immunohistological techniques and stereological methods. In the exercised group, females but not males, showed improved performance over time in the Morris water maze. In females but not males, the exercised rats showed significantly increased white matter volume compared with that of sedentary rats. The total length of microvessels in the white matter in the exercised group was significantly increased compared with that in the sedentary group in both males and females, but the total volume and total surface area of microvessels in the white matter did not differ significantly between the sedentary and exercised rats. Regular treadmill exercise had protective effects on spatial learning capacity, white matter volume, and the total length of microvessels in the white matter in middle‐aged female rats and on the total length of microvessels in the white matter in middle‐aged male rats. The results obtained might increase our understanding of the mechanisms by which exercise delays brain aging.
Corporate social irresponsibility, hostile organisations and global resource extraction
Authors: Kemp Deanna , Owen John R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is a fundamentally normative construction. It speaks to what social responsibility should look like, who it should apply to, and how it should be demonstrated. By contrast, the analytic position of the corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) discourse is evidence‐based, and objects to the notion that companies can claim to be responsible while at the same time act irresponsibly. This paper supports a clear separation between (i) the critique of company performance within the dominant discursive construct of CSR and (ii) CSI as an evidence‐based approach to reading and documenting corporate performance. A conceptually distinct CSI discourse removes the need for researchers to disprove CSR rhetoric before engaging with responsibility problems. Rather than organising studies around CSR claims and commitments, we suggest that researchers of global resource extraction put their energies towards capturing the form and function of ‘organised irresponsibility’ in locations where mining takes place.
Type‐2 Fuzzy Logic controller‐based stator current Model reference adaptive system speed observer for a hybrid electric vehicle to improve transient response during limp home mode
Authors: Kakodia Sanjay Kumar , Dyanamina Giribabu 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this paper, a stator current‐based model reference adaptive system (SCMRAS) for indirect vector control of induction motor fed to hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) for improving the transient response during limp home period has been proposed. In the proposed SCMRAS, the measured stator currents are employed in voltage model to eliminate the integrator in reference model. The stator currents are estimated and are compared with actual current components to estimate the rotor speed. Further, to improve the performance of SCMRAS during limp home period, the PI controller in the adaptation mechanism is replaced with type 2 fuzzy logic controller (T2FLC). The prototype model of the proposed SCMRAS using dSPACE DS 1104 R&D controller board has been developed for implementing speed sensorless indirect vector control of induction motor drive. The performance of SCMRAS and proposed SCMRAS using T2FLC estimators during limp home period is compared.
Fibrillin protein, a candidate for creating a suitable scaffold in PDL regeneration while avoiding ankylosis
Authors: Oka Kyoko 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe tooth is stabilized by fiber‐rich tissue called the periodontal ligament (PDL). The narrow space of the PDL does not calcify in the physiological state even thought it exists between two calcified tissues, namely, the cementum of the root and alveolar bone. Two situations that require PDL regeneration are periodontitis and dental trauma. Periodontitis induces the loss of PDL and alveolar bone due to inflammation related to infection. Conversely, in PDLs damaged by dental trauma, accelerating bone formation as an overreaction of the healing process is induced, thereby inducing dentoalveolar ankylosis at the tooth root surface. PDL regeneration following dental trauma must therefore be considered separately from periodontitis. Therefore, PDL regeneration in dental trauma must be considered separately from periodontitis. This review focuses on the components involved in avoiding dentoalveolar ankylosis, including oxytalan fibers, aggregated microfibrils, epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM), and TGF‐β signaling. During root development, oxytalan fibers produced by PDL cells work in collaboration with the epithelial components in the PDL (e.g., Hertwig's root sheath [HERS] and ERM). We herein describe the functions of oxytalan fibers, ERM, and TGF‐β signals which are involved in the avoidance of bone formation.