bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE JAPANESE ARTS AND MEDITATION‐IN‐ACTION
Authors: Wiseman Harris 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Japanese arts (dō) provide a rigorous, ritual‐like set of structures which involve moral and aesthetic training, as well as providing techniques for body‐mind synchronization (constituting as such: meditation‐in‐action). The article explores the links between the Japanese arts and Zen Buddhist ideals (particularly Sōtō Zen) of enlightenment being nothing other than the consistent practice of one's art. Japanese archery (kyudō) will be highlighted to illustrate this, as will the Japanese lifelong learning philosophy (shugyō). The article concludes by bringing into contrast two very different notions of what spiritual development consists in, one of which is highly conservative with respect to its traditions (per the Japanese arts), and the other which explicitly characterizes spiritual development as a process of renewing one's tradition as one practices it (per Margaret Masterman and Richard Sennett). It is suggested that, for better or worse, maintaining the extreme purity of one's practices is unrealistic in today's profoundly interconnected world.
Design of Chimneys to Control Down-Wash of Gases
Authors: Sherlock R. H. , Lesher E. J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Studies to determine the laws of behavior of stack gases as they flow downwind, and to prevent down-wash of these gases, have been in progress at the University of Michigan since March, 1934, when a project (1, 2) in this field was sponsored by the Commonwealth Edison Company of Chicago under the direction of Mr. William L. Abbott and Mr. Alex D. Bailey. That pioneer project was connected with the Crawford Avenue Station and was followed during the later years by other studies dealing with the extension of old plants and the design of stacks for new plants. The material presented in this paper was obtained almost entirely from recent studies sponsored by the Commonwealth Edison Company.
Cutter Life for Face-Milling Cast Iron
Authors: Gilbert W. W. , Boston O. W. , Siekmann H. J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This is a second paper to give the results of a series of tests to face-mill a variety of metals with cutters of various materials. The work was sponsored by the War Production Board under the auspices of the Office of Production Research and Development, through the Manufacturing Engineering Committee of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. A great deal of data was obtained which, as yet, has not been published. An extensive series of tool-life and power tests were made under controlled laboratory conditions, to evaluate the capacity of sintered-carbide, cast nonferrous metal, and high-speed-steel face-milling cutters when milling several classes of cast iron. The variables reported here consist of the following: Grade of cast iron, tool material, feed, depth, width of bar, number of teeth in cutter, and the cutting speed. The effect of each variable was evaluated by making tool-life tests at several speeds to obtain cutting-speed tool-life curves (VTn = C). All of these variables are finally summarized in a nomograph which shows the importance of each variable and predicts the tool life.
Heat Transfer and Fluid Friction During Flow Across Banks of Tubes—V: A Study of a Cylindrical Baffled Exchanger Without Internal Leakage
Authors: Bergelin O. P. , Brown G. A. , Colburn A. P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The experimental results of a research program on tubular heat exchangers have been extended from unbaffled rectangular tube banks to a cylindrical baffled exchanger designed so that internal leakage can be eliminated or controlled accurately. The present results represent the first stage, in which internal leakage is essentially absent, and future work will be directed to evaluate the effects of known leakage areas. Pressure drops across a single crossflow section and a single window are measured for viscous and turbulent flow for heating, cooling, and isothermal conditions. The friction results for the crossflow section agree well with previous data on simple crossflow units in the turbulent region, but are somewhat lower in the viscous region.
Teacher resilience instrument: Development and validation of a four-factor model
Authors: Abubakar Al-Munnir , Tengku Ariffin Tengku Faekah , Md Jaafar Fauziah 
Published: July 2022

<p><span lang="EN-US">The study into teacher resilience has been inadequate due to a lack of measures that apply to educational settings. The items measuring teacher resilience were constructed through literature extensive discussion with the experts in the field and further discussion with the practitioners, i.e., secondary school teachers. The Teacher Resilience Instrument was then tested in a field via survey research method. The sample of the current study consists of 380 secondary school teachers in Bauchi State, Nigeria, through cluster sampling and systematic sampling method. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the hypothesized model with four dimensions of teacher resilience. The study confirmed that the proposed model was fit and data loading were significant, which leads to the construct validity of the research instrument. Finally, the study highlighted the importance of researching more on teacher resilience to seek its relationship with other factors, pertinent especially to address issues regarding teacher wellbeing and retention. </span></p>
Automated brain volumetric measures with AccuBrain: version comparison in accuracy, reproducibility and application for diagnosis
Authors: Zhao Lei , Luo Yishan , Mok Vincent , Shi Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Automated brain volumetry has been widely used to assess brain volumetric changes that may indicate clinical states and progression. Among the tools that implement automated brain volumetry, AccuBrain has been validated for its accuracy, reliability and clinical applications for the older version (IV1.2). Here, we aim to investigate the performance of an updated version (IV2.0) of AccuBrain for future use from several aspects.

Methods
Public datasets with 3D T1-weighted scans were included for version comparisons, each with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and normal control (NC) subjects that were matched in age and gender. For the comparisons of the brain volumetric measures quantified from the same scans, we investigated the difference of hippocampal segmentation accuracy (using Dice similarity coefficient [DSC] as the major measurement). As AccuBrain generates a composite index (AD resemblance atrophy index, AD-RAI) that indicates similarity with AD-like brain atrophy pattern, we also compared the two versions for the diagnostic accuracy of AD versus NC with AD-RAI. Also, we examined the intra-scanner reproducibility of the two versions for the scans acquired with short-intervals using intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results
AccuBrain IV2.0 presented significantly higher accuracy of hippocampal segmentation (DSC: 0.91 vs. 0.89, p < 0.001) and diagnostic accuracy of AD (AUC: 0.977 vs. 0.921, p < 0.001) than IV1.2. The results of intra-scanner reproducibility did not favor one version over the other.

Conclusions
AccuBrain IV2.0 presented better segmentation accuracy and diagnostic accuracy of AD, and similar intra-scanner reproducibility compared with IV1.2. Both versions should be feasible for use due to the small magnitude of differences.
NOTCH2NLC-related oculopharyngodistal myopathy type 3 complicated with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis: a case report
Authors: Ji Guang , Zhao Yuan , Zhang Jian , Dong Hui , Wu Hongran , Chen Xian , Qi Xiaoming , Tian Yun , Shen Lu , Yang Guofeng , Song Xueqin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) is an adult-onset neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive ocular, facial, pharyngeal, and distal limb muscle involvement. Recent research showed that GGC repeat expansions in the NOTCH2NLC gene were observed in a proportion of OPDM patients, and these patients were designated as having OPDM type 3 (OPDM3). Heterogeneous neuromuscular manifestations have been described previously in studies of OPDM3; however, kidney involvement in this disease has rarely been reported.

Case presentation
Here, we report the case of a 22-year-old Chinese patient with typical manifestations of OPDM complicated with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). This patient with sporadic FSGS exhibited distal motor neuropathy and rimmed vacuolar myopathy in clinical and pathological examinations. An expansion of 122 CGG repeats located in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the NOTCH2NLC gene was identified as the causative mutation in this patient. The clinical and histopathological findings fully met the criteria for the diagnosis of OPDM3. In addition, intranuclear inclusions were detected in the renal tubule epithelial cells of this patient, indicating that the kidney may also be impaired in NOTCH2NLC-related GGC repeat expansion disorders (NREDs).

Conclusions
Our case report demonstrated the clinicopathological cooccurrence of sporadic FSGS and OPDM3 in a patient, which highlighted that the kidney may show inclusion depositions in OPDM3, thus expanding the clinical spectrum of NREDs.
Concurrent validity of the short-form Family Impact Scale (FIS-8) in 4-year-old US children
Authors: Thomson W. M. , Foster Page L. A. , Levy S. M. , Keels M. A. , Hara A. T. , Fontana M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundUS data on the validity and reliability of the short-form Family Impact Scale (FIS-8; a scale for measuring the impact of a child’s oral condition on his/her family) are lacking.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of data on four-year-old US children taking part in a multi-center cohort study. For child-caregiver dyads recruited at child age 12 months, the impact of the child’s oral condition on the family was assessed at age 48 months using the FIS-8, with a subsample of 422 caregivers (from 686 who were approached). Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α, with concurrent validity assessed against a global family impact item (“How much are your family’s daily lives affected by your child’s teeth, lips, jaws or mouth?”) and a global oral health item (“How would you describe the health of your child’s teeth and mouth?”).ResultsCronbach’s alpha was 0.83. Although gradients in mean scores across ordinal response categories of the global family impact item were inconsistent, there were marked, consistent gradients across the ordinal categories of the global item on the child’s oral health, with scores highest for those rating their child’s oral health as ‘Poor’.ConclusionsWhile the findings provide some evidence for the utility of the FIS in a US child sample, the study’s replication in samples of preschoolers with greater disease experience would be useful.
Heterogeneity in the evaluation of suspected MIS-C: a cross-sectional vignette-based survey
Authors: Rosu Claudia A. , Martens Anna M. , Sumner Jeffrey , Farkas Eva J. , Arya Puneeta , Arauz Alexy Boudreau , Madhavan Vandana L. , Chavez Hector , Larson Shawn D. , Badaki-Makun Oluwakemi , Irimia Daniel , Yonker Lael M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is an emerging complication of COVID-19 which lacks a definitive diagnostic test and evidence-based guidelines for workup. We sought to assess practitioners' preferences when initiating a workup for pediatric patients presenting with symptoms concerning for MIS-C.

Methods
In a cross-sectional vignette-based survey, providers were presented with clinical vignettes of a patient presenting with 24 h of fever from a community with high rates of COVID-19. Respondents were asked about their general practices in pursuing a workup for potential MIS-C including testing obtained, criteria for diagnosis, and timing to confirm or rule out the diagnosis.

Results
Most of the 174 respondents were physicians from the United States at academic medical centers. The majority of providers would not initiate MIS-C workup for fever and non-specific symptoms unless the fever lasted more than 72 h. Skin rash, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath were symptoms that raised greatest concern for MIS-C. Most providers would obtain COVID-19 PCR or antigen testing, plus blood work, in the initial workup. The list of laboratory studies providers would obtain is extensive. Providers primarily rely on cardiac involvement to confirm a MIS-C diagnosis, and establishing a diagnosis takes 24–48 h.

Conclusions
Significant heterogeneity exists amongst providers as to when to initiate the MIS-C workup, the order and content of the workup, and how to definitively diagnose MIS-C. A diagnostic test with high sensitivity and specificity for MIS-C and refined evidence-based guidelines are needed to expedite diagnosis and treatment.
Health impacts of PM2.5 originating from residential wood combustion in four nordic cities
Authors: Orru Hans , Olstrup Henrik , Kukkonen Jaakko , López-Aparicio Susana , Segersson David , Geels Camilla , Tamm Tanel , Riikonen Kari , Maragkidou Androniki , Sigsgaard Torben , Brandt Jørgen , Grythe Henrik , Forsberg Bertil 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Residential wood combustion (RWC) is one of the largest sources of fine particles (PM2.5) in the Nordic cities. The current study aims to calculate the related health effects in four studied city areas in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark.

Methods
Health impact assessment (HIA) was employed as the methodology to quantify the health burden. Firstly, the RWC induced annual average PM2.5 concentrations from local sources were estimated with air pollution dispersion modelling. Secondly, the baseline mortality rates were retrieved from the national health registers. Thirdly, the concentration-response function from a previous epidemiological study was applied. For the health impact calculations, the WHO-developed tool AirQ + was used.

Results
Amongst the studied city areas, the local RWC induced PM2.5 concentration was lowest in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area (population-weighted annual average concentration 0.46 µg m− 3) and highest in Oslo (2.77 µg m− 3). Each year, particulate matter attributed to RWC caused around 19 premature deaths in Umeå (95% CI: 8–29), 85 in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area (95% CI: 35–129), 78 in Copenhagen (95% CI: 33–118), and 232 premature deaths in Oslo (95% CI: 97–346). The average loss of life years per premature death case was approximately ten years; however, in the whole population, this reflects on average a decrease in life expectancy by 0.25 (0.10–0.36) years. In terms of the relative contributions in cities, life expectancy will be decreased by 0.10 (95% CI: 0.05–0.16), 0.18 (95% CI: 0.07–0.28), 0.22 (95% CI: 0.09–0.33) and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.26–0.96) years in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Umeå, Copenhagen and Oslo respectively. The number of years of life lost was lowest in Umeå (172, 95% CI: 71–260) and highest in Oslo (2458, 95% CI: 1033–3669).

Conclusions
All four Nordic city areas have a substantial amount of domestic heating, and RWC is one of the most significant sources of PM2.5. This implicates a substantial predicted impact on public health in terms of premature mortality. Thus, several public health measures are needed to reduce the RWC emissions.
Analysing intersecting social resources in young people’s ability to suggest safer sex - results from a national population-based survey in Sweden
Authors: Schindele Anna ChuChu , Areskoug Josefsson Kristina , Lindroth Malin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Safer sex is one of the most crucial areas in sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Drawing on the theory of health promotion where social life generates resources for health our hypothesis is that having control over one’s life situation, affects the ability for safer sex and thereby sexual health. The aim is to explore the association between having control over one’s life and the ability to suggest safer sex among young people aged 16–29, and how this plays out in relation to membership of six constructed social groups based on: gender, transgender experience, sexual identity, economy, being foreign-born, and social welfare recipiency followed by an in-depth analysis of the intersection of gender and sexual identity.

Methods
The data set comprises cross-sectional survey responses from a stratified random sample of 7755 in the total Swedish population of young people. The SRHR-focused questionnaire was developed within the HIV-monitoring program at the Public Health Agency of Sweden. Data collection was conducted by Statistics Sweden between April 15 and June 8 in 2015. The survey had a response rate of 26%, which was in line with the study design. Statistical analysis was used to explore the self-reported outcome variable ability for safer sex and the exposure variable control over one’s life. The methods used comprise multivariate logistic regression and an intersecting multivariate regression exploring 12 intersecting social positions by gender and sexual identity.

Results
The results show that young people’s control over their lives is associated with their ability for safer sex. Due to this, control over one’s life can be seen as a resource for safer sex. The associations in the 12 intersecting social positions showed complex patterns.

Conclusions
The intersections of resources show the complexity and that gender cannot account for all differences in the resources for young people’s ability to suggest safer sex. Implications for policy and practitioners involve both addressing and strengthening the sexual rights of young people from sexual minorities and tailoring interventions in a way that takes the intersections between gender and sexual identity into consideration.
Disparities in the offer of COVID-19 vaccination to migrants and non-migrants in Norway: a cross sectional survey study
Authors: Diaz Esperanza , Dimka Jessica , Mamelund Svenn-Erik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccination is key to reducing the spread and impacts of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Migrants, compared to majority populations, tend to have lower vaccination rates, as well as higher infection disease burdens. Previous studies have tried to understand these disparities based on factors such as misinformation, vaccine hesitancy or medical mistrust. However, the necessary precondition of receiving, or recognizing receipt, of an offer to get a vaccine must also be considered.

Methods
We conducted a web-based survey in six parishes in Oslo that have a high proportion of migrant residents and were hard-hit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate differences in reporting being offered the COVID-19 vaccine based on migrant status. Different models controlling for vaccination prioritization variables (age, underlying health conditions, and health-related jobs), socioeconomic and demographic variables, and variables specific to migrant status (language spoken at home and years lived in Norway) were conducted.

Results
Responses from 5,442 participants (response rate of 9.1%) were included in analyses. The sample included 1,284 (23.6%) migrants. Fewer migrants than non-migrants reported receiving a vaccine offer (68.1% vs. 81.1%), and this difference was significant after controlling for prioritization variables (OR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52–0.82). Subsequent models showed higher odds ratios for reporting having been offered the vaccine for females, and lower odds ratios for those with university education. There were few to no significant differences based on language spoken at home, or among birth countries compared to each other. Duration of residence emerged as an important explanatory variable, as migrants who had lived in Norway for fewer than 15 years were less likely to report offer of a vaccine.

Conclusion
Results were consistent with studies that show disparities between non-migrants and migrants in actual vaccine uptake. While differences in receiving an offer cannot fully explain disparities in vaccination rates, our analyses suggest that receiving, or recognizing and understanding, an offer does play a role. Issues related to duration of residence, such as inclusion in population and health registries and health and digital literacy, should be addressed by policymakers and health services organizers.
Efficacy and safety of a 3D-printed arthrodesis prosthesis for reconstruction after resection of the proximal humerus: preliminary outcomes with a minimum 2-year follow-up
Authors: Liang Haijie , Guo Wei , Yang Yi , Li Dasen , Yang Rongli , Tang Xiaodong , Yan Taiqiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a three-dimensional (3D)-printed arthrodesis prosthesis for reconstruction of the proximal humeral defect after tumor resection.

Methods
A novel proximal humeral prosthesis was designed to restore bone continuity and shoulder arthrodesis and was fabricated via 3D printing technology. Ten patients with primary malignancies in the proximal humerus underwent intra-articular resection and replacement with this prosthesis from 2017 to 2019. Baseline and operative data, oncological and prosthetic survival, and functional status were summarized.

Results
This cohort consisted of 9 males and 1 female with a mean age of 32.1 ± 16.1 years. Diagnoses included 5 cases of osteosarcoma, 3 cases of chondrosarcoma and 1 each case of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and malignant myoepithelioma. The mean operative duration, intraoperative hemorrhage and postoperative length of hospitalization were 151.5 ± 61.0 min, 410.0 ± 353.4 ml and 5.3 ± 1.9 d, respectively. The mean follow-up duration was 29.3 ± 6.4 months, with a minimum of 24 months for the surviving patients. Two patients experienced local recurrence, and four patients developed distant metastases. Detachment of the taper occurred in two patients. One was managed conservatively, and the other received amputation due to concurrent tumor recurrence. The mean MSTS-93 and ASES scores and ranges of forwards flexion and abduction were 24.9 ± 3.1, 79.4 ± 8.3, 71.3 ± 19.4°, and 61.3 ± 16.4°, respectively. The functional outcomes were independent of the preservation of the axillary nerve. Histological study of the glenoid component showed evidence of bone ingrowth at the bone-prosthesis porous interface.

Conclusion
Application of the 3D-printed arthrodesis prosthesis might be a safe and efficacious method for functional reconstruction in patients who underwent resection of the proximal humerus, especially for those without preservation of the axillary nerve.