bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice Changes in Monitoring Hypertension Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Robbins Cheryl L , Ford Nicole D , Hayes Donald K , Ko Jean Y , Kuklina Elena , Cox Shanna , Ferre Cynthia , Loustalot Fleetwood 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Clinical practices can use telemedicine and other strategies (e.g., self-measured blood pressure [SMBP]) for remote monitoring of hypertension to promote control while decreasing risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Methods
The DocStyles survey collected data from primary care providers (PCPs), obstetricians-gynecologists (OB/GYNs), and nurse practitioners/physician assistants (NP/PAs) in fall 2020 (n = 1,502). We investigated clinical practice changes for monitoring hypertension that were implemented early in the COVID-19 pandemic and examined differences by clinician and practice characteristics (P &lt; 0.05).

Results
Overall, 369 (24.6%) of clinicians reported their clinical practices made no changes in monitoring hypertension early in the pandemic, 884 (58.9%) advised patients to monitor blood pressure at home or a pharmacy, 699 (46.5%) implemented or increased use of telemedicine for blood pressure monitoring visits, and 545 (36.3%) reduced the frequency of office visits for blood pressure monitoring. Compared with NP/PAs, PCPs were more likely to advise SMBP monitoring (adjusted prevalence ratios [aPR] 1.28, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.11–1.47), implement or increase use of telemedicine (aPR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.46), and reduce the frequency of office visits (aPR 1.37, 95% CI 1.11–1.70) for blood pressure monitoring, and less likely to report making no practice changes (aPR 0.63, 95% CI 0.51–0.77).

Conclusions
We noted variation in clinical practice changes by clinician type and practice characteristics. Clinical practices may need additional support and resources to fully maximize telemedicine and other strategies for remote monitoring of hypertension during pandemics and other emergencies that can disrupt routine health care.
Practice Advisory on Gluteal Fat Grafting
Authors: Del Vecchio Daniel , Kenkel Jeffrey M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

On January 31, 2018, The Multi-Society Task Force for Safety in Gluteal Fat Grafting released a practice advisory regarding gluteal fat grafting. The task force was assembled in the wake of several highly publicized patient deaths involving Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL) and produced a second practice advisory in August 2019. In 2021, The Aesthetic Surgery President commissioned a Working Group on BBL Patient Safety, charging the group to address new guidelines affecting safety and welfare of BBL patients. The “Practice Advisory on Gluteal Fat Grafting” is the first advisory developed since the working group was formed. In addition to surgical technique as a major cause of fatal complications of BBL, the working group focused on micro-economic trends of operative time and regional BBL pricing and considered fatigue and distraction in formulating the current guidelines. In Florida, the majority of BBL deaths occur at the end of the week. Such a non-normalized distribution most likely represents the result of fatigue and/or distraction, which has been linked to surgical mortality in multiple published communications. In addition, mortality is likely due to uncertainty or lack of documentation as to the correct plane of fat injection. Therefore, the newest and most compelling recommendations from these guidelines include the utilization of ultrasound-guided documentation of cannula placement prior to and during fat injection, and the limitation of 3 BBL cases as a maximum amount of total operative cases per day. The authors thank members of the task force for the insights they brought to this process.

Level of Evidence: 4
Dietary scallop oil prepared from the internal organs of Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) improved mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms on the dorsal skin of NC/Nga mice
Authors: Sugimoto Koki , Hagihara Nozomi , Hosomi Ryota , Yoshida Munehiro , Fukunaga Kenji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of scallop oil (SCO) on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like symptoms induced by mite allergens in the dorsal and ear skins of NC/Nga mice compared to those of refined corn oil and krill oil (KO). SCO, rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids, was prepared from the internal organs of Japanese giant scallop, an underutilized fishery resource in Japan. Results showed that SCO intake improved AD-like symptoms, including ear edema, ear thickness, and transepidermal water loss of dorsal skin, and tended to decrease the scratching behavior, whereas KO intake did not. Further, SCO intake decreased the degranulated mast cell count and increased the tight junction protein claudin-1 expression, which is important for the barrier function, in the dorsal skin compared to refined corn oil intake. SCO improved the AD-like symptoms by suppressing mast cell degranulation and strengthening the barrier function of dorsal skin in NC/Nga mice.
Activin A promotes hyaluronan production and upregulates versican expression in human granulosa cells
Authors: Tian Shen , Zhang Han , Chang Hsun-Ming , Klausen Christian , Huang He-Feng , Jin Min , Leung Peter C K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hyaluronan is a structural component of the expanded cumulus matrix, and hyaluronan synthase 2 is the major enzyme for the synthesis of hyaluronan in humans. Versican cross-links the hyaluronan-rich matrix to cumulus cells and is critical for successful ovulation. Activin A is a critical intrafollicular regulator of ovarian function. Although activin A has been shown to promote cumulus matrix expansion in mice, the functional role of activin A in the regulation of cumulus expansion in the human ovary remains to be elucidated. Using primary and immortalized human granulosa-lutein cells as study models, we provide the first data showing that activin A increased the production of hyaluronan by upregulating the expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 in these cells. Additionally, activin A also promoted the expression of the hyaluronan-binding protein versican. Moreover, using inhibitor- and small interfering RNA-mediated inhibition approaches, we found that these stimulatory effects of activin A are most likely mediated through the type I receptor activin receptor-like kinase (ALK4)-mediated Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD2)/SMAD3-SMAD4 signaling pathway. Notably, the chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated that SMAD4 could bind to human hyaluronan synthase 2 and VERSICAN promoters. The results obtained from this in vitro study suggest that locally produced activin A plays a functional role in the regulation of hyaluronan production and stabilization in human granulosa-lutein cells.
Distinct developmental phenotypes result from mutation of Set8/KMT5A and histone H4 lysine 20 inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Crain Aaron T , Klusza Stephen , Armstrong Robin L , Santa Rosa Priscila , Temple Brenda R S , Strahl Brian D , McKay Daniel J , Matera A Gregory , Duronio Robert J 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMono-methylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) is catalyzed by Set8/KMT5A and regulates numerous aspects of genome organization and function. Loss-of-function mutations in Drosophila melanogaster Set8 or mammalian KMT5A prevent H4K20me1 and disrupt development. Set8/KMT5A also has non-histone substrates, making it difficult to determine which developmental functions of Set8/KMT5A are attributable to H4K20me1 and which to other substrates or to non-catalytic roles. Here, we show that human KMT5A can functionally substitute for Set8 during Drosophila development and that the catalytic SET domains of the two enzymes are fully interchangeable. We also uncovered a role in eye development for the N-terminal domain of Set8 that cannot be complemented by human KMT5A. Whereas Set820/20 null mutants are inviable, we found that an R634G mutation in Set8 predicted from in vitro experiments to ablate catalytic activity resulted in viable adults. Additionally, Set8(R634G) mutants retain significant, albeit reduced, H4K20me1, indicating that the R634G mutation does not eliminate catalytic activity in vivo and is functionally hypomorphic rather than null. Flies engineered to express only unmodifiable H4 histones (H4K20A) can also complete development, but are phenotypically distinct from H4K20R, Set820/20 null, and Set8R634G mutants. Taken together, our results demonstrate functional conservation of KMT5A and Set8 enzymes, as well as distinct roles for Set8 and H4K20me1 in Drosophila development.
Supplementation of live yeast culture modulates intestinal health, immune responses, and microbiota diversity in broiler chickens
Authors: Kim Eunjoo , Kyoung Hyunjin , Hyung Koh Nae , Lee Hanbae , Lee Seonmin , Kim Yonghee , Il Park Kyeong , Min Heo Jung , Song Minho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of live yeast cultures (LYC) on growth performance, gut health indicators, and immune responses in broiler chickens. A total of 720 mixed-sex broilers (40 birds/pen; 9 replicates/treatment) were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: (1) a basal diet based on corn–soybean meal (CON) and (2) CON with 1 g/kg LYC. At 35 d of age, one bird per replicate pen was chosen for biopsy. LYC group tended (P &lt; 0.10) to increase average daily gain during the grower phase compared with CON group. Broilers fed LYC diet had increased (P = 0.046) duodenal villus height and area but reduced (P = 0.003) duodenal crypt depth compared with those fed CON diet. Birds fed LYC diet presented alleviated (P &lt; 0.05) serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels compared with those fed CON diet. Further, birds fed LYC diet exhibited upregulated (P &lt; 0.05) ileal tight junction-related proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ileal tissue compared with those fed CON diet. Inverse Simpson’s diversity (P = 0.038) revealed that birds fed CON diet had a more diverse microbiota community in the ileal digesta, compared with those fed LYC diet, while no significant difference between the treatments on Chao1 and Shannon’s indices was observed. Based on the weighted UniFrac distance, the PCoA showed that microbiota in the ileal digesta of the LYC group was different from that of the CON group. LYC group increased the abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and genera Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Enterococcus compared with CON group. The present study demonstrated that supplemental LYC as a feed additive provide supportive effects on enhancing gut functionality by improving the upper intestinal morphology and gut integrity, and modulating the immune system and microbiota communities of birds.
Less in-toeing after femoral derotation osteotomy in adult patients with increased femoral version and posterior hip impingement compared to patients with femoral retroversion
Authors: Lerch Till D , Boschung Adam , Leibold Christiane , Kalla Roger , Kerkeni Hassen , Baur Heiner , Eichelberger Patric , Siebenrock Klaus A , Tannast Moritz , Steppacher Simon D , Liechti Emanuel F 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn-toeing of the foot was associated with high femoral version (FV), while Out-toeing was associated with femoral-retroversion. Therefore, we report on (i) foot-progression-angle (FPA), (ii) prevalence of In-toeing and Out-toeing, and (iii) clinical outcome of patients treated with femoral-derotation-osteotomy (FDO). We performed a retrospective analysis involving 20 patients (20 hips) treated with unilateral FDO (2017–18). Of them, 14 patients had increased FV, 6 patients had femoral-retroversion. Follow-up time was mean 1 ± 1 years. All patients had minimal 1-year follow-up and the mean age was 29 ± 8 years. Patients with increased FV (FV &gt; 35°) presented with positive posterior-impingement-test and mean FV was 49 ± 11° (Murphy method). Six patients with femoral-retroversion (FV &lt; 10°) had positive anterior impingement test and mean FV of 5 ± 4°. Instrumented gait analysis was performed preoperatively and at follow-up using the Gaitrite system to measure FPA and was compared to a control group of 18 healthy asymptomatic volunteers (36 feet, mean age 29 ± 6 years). (i) Mean FPA increased significantly (P = 0.006) from preoperative 1.3 ± 7° to 4.5 ± 6° at follow-up for patients with increased FV and was not significantly different compared to the control group (4.0 ± 4.5°). (ii) In-toeing decreased from preoperatively (five patients) to follow-up (two patients) for patients with increased FV. Out-toeing decreased from preoperatively (two patients) to follow-up (no patient) for patients with femoral-retroversion. (iii) Subjective-hip-value of all patients increased significantly (P &lt; 0.001) from preoperative 21 to 78 points at follow-up. WOMAC was 12 ± 8 points at follow-up. Patients with increased FV that underwent FDO walked with less In-toeing. FDO has the potential to reduce In-toeing and Out-toeing and to improve subjective satisfaction at follow-up.
Plug disintegration in gamma-ray burst jet eruption
Authors: Yalinewich Almog , Beniamini Paz 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
In this work, we consider the eruption of a tenuous relativistic hydrodynamic jet from a dense baryonic envelope. As the jet moves out and away, it carries along and continues to accelerate a layer of baryonic material, which we refer to as the plug. We solve the relativistic equations of motion for the trajectory of the plug, and verify it using a relativistic hydrodynamic simulation. We show that under these conditions, the plug breaks up at a radius larger by a factor of a few from the radius of the envelope, due to the onset of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. After breakup, the jet continues to accelerate to higher Lorentz factors, while the plug fragments maintain a moderate Lorentz factor. The presence of slower moving ejecta can explain late time features of gamma-ray bursts such as X-ray flares without recourse to a long-lived engine.
Detection of strong scattering close to the eclipse region of PSR B1957+20
Authors: Bai J T , Dai S , Zhi Q J , Coles W A , Li D , Zhu W W , Hobbs G , Qiao G J , Wang N , Yuan J P , Filipović M D , Wang J B , Pan Z C , Shang L H , Dang S J , Wang S Q , Miao C C 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the first measurement of pulse scattering close to the eclipse region of PSR B1957+20, which is in a compact binary system with a low-mass star. We measured pulse scattering time-scales up to 0.2 ms close to the eclipse and showed that it scales with the dispersion measure (DM) excess roughly as τ ∝ ΔDM2. Our observations provide the first evidence of strong scattering due to multipath propagation effects in the eclipsing material. We show that Kolmogorov turbulence in the eclipsing material with an inner scale of ∼100 m and an outer scale of the size of the eclipse region can naturally explain the observation. Our results show that the eclipsing material in such systems can be highly turbulent and suggest that scattering is one of the main eclipsing mechanisms at around 1.4 GHz.
The formation of globular clusters as a case of overcooling
Authors: Renzini Alvio , Marino Anna F , Milone Antonino P 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Driven by recent observational findings, we select massive interactive binaries as the most suitable among the existing candidates for producing the chemical patterns typical of multiple populations of Galactic globular clusters. Still, to avoid supernova contamination, we are further driven to endorse the notion that above a critical mass stars fail to produce supernova events, but rather eventually sink into black holes without ejecting much energy and heavy metals. This assumption has the attractive implication of suppressing star formation feedback for some 5–10 million yr, in practice leading to runaway star formation, analog to overcooling that in absence of feedback would have turned most baryons into stars in the early Universe. Under such conditions, multiple episodes of star formation, incorporating binary star ejecta from previous episodes, appear to be unavoidable, thus accounting for the ubiquity of the multiple population phenomenon in globular clusters.
Nonaccidental Trauma in Pediatric Elbow Fractures: When You Should Be Worried
Authors: Tadepalli Vaibhav , Schultz Jacob D. , Rees Andrew B. , Wollenman Lucas C. , Louer Craig R. , Lempert Nathaniel L. , Moore-Lotridge Stephanie N. , Schoenecker Jonathan G. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Nonaccidental trauma (NAT) is a rising source of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Fractures are often the first cause for presentation to health care providers in the case of NAT but can be misidentified as accidental. Given that elbow fractures are the most common accidental injuries among pediatric patients, they are not traditionally associated with NAT. This study aims to determine the prevalence of NAT among elbow fractures and identify common features in nonaccidental elbow fractures.

Methods:
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to retrospectively identify all pediatric (0 to 17) elbow fractures at a single, tertiary children’s hospital between 2007 and 2017. Among these, all fractures for which an institutional child abuse evaluation team was consulted were identified. The medical record was then used to determine which of these fractures were due to NAT. Standard injury radiographs of all victims of NAT as well as all patients under 1 year of age were blinded and radiographically evaluated for fracture type by a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon.

Results:
The prevalence of nonaccidental elbow fractures across the 10-year study period was 0.4% (N=18). However, the prevalence of nonaccidental elbow fractures in those patients below 1 year of age was markedly higher at 30.3% (10/33). Among all elbow fractures in patients below 1 year of age, supracondylar humerus fractures were the most common fracture type (19/33, 57.6%), yet transphyseal fractures (6/33, 18.1%) were most commonly the result of NAT (5/6, 83.3%). In children over 1 year of age, fracture type was not an indicator of NAT.

Conclusions:
The vast majority of pediatric elbow fractures (99.6%) are accidental. However, certain factors, namely age below 1 year and transphyseal fractures increase the likelihood that these fractures may be a result of NAT.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV: retrospective case series.
Cutaneous Invasive Fungal Infections with Saksenaea Species in Immunocompetent Patients in Europe: A Systematic Review and Case Report
Authors: Planegger Andrea , Uyulmaz Semra , Poskevicius Audrius , Zbinden Andrea , Müller Nicolas J. , Calcagni Maurizio 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Invasive fungal infections from Saksenaea, a fungus belonging to the Mucorales, have been rarely reported in central European climate zones. This study aims to raise awareness of invasive cutaneous infections with Saksenaea species. The first case of a cutaneous infection was diagnosed in Switzerland in an immunocompetent 79-year-old patient. A minor skin trauma of her left lower leg led to a fulminant infection causing necrosis and extensive loss of tissue. The combination of surgical debridement and administration of antifungal agents averted a prolonged course with a possible worse outcome. A pedicled hemisoleus muscle flap was used to reconstruct the defect and treatment was continued for 63 days.

Methods:
A systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis guidelines was conducted to identify all European cases of infection with Saksenaea species in immunocompetent hosts. The epidemiology, clinical presentation, microbiological diagnosis, and management of cases reported in Europe were summarized and analyzed.

Conclusions:
The prognosis of soft tissue infections with Saksenaea species. depends on early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal and surgical treatment. Reconstruction can be successful under ongoing antifungal treatment.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in the Setting of Daptomycin Administration
Authors: Repetsky Christopher D. , Morehart Candice Rae , Henning Ania K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in a 71-year-old male patient who was treated with daptomycin for infection of a prosthetic shoulder joint. After total shoulder arthroplasty, he had developed symptoms concerning for infection and had a PICC line placed for antibiotic therapy. He developed fever, tachycardia, hypoxia, and a diffuse bodily rash involving the skin and mucous membranes. He was admitted to the hospital. Daptomycin was stopped and was treated symptomatically. He ultimately required transfer to the local burn unit–equipped facility and was able to be discharged after short convalescence.
The Smartphone Hanger
Authors: Young Peter A. , Bae Gordon H. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
As the COVID-19 pandemic smolders on, learners in medicine continue to face significant barriers to accruing essential clinical exposure because of social distancing, preceptor availability, and fluctuating patient volumes. The smartphone hanger represents a free and easily accessible means of rapidly disseminating high-quality, The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996-compliant skills tutorials during a time when learner access to in-person hands-on dermatology mentorship is unpredictable and less available.
Outpatient Pain Management in Children With Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Perito Emily R. , Pohl John F. , Bakker Caitlin , Armfield Matthew A. , Barth Bradley , Cuneo Addison , Mascarenhas Maria , Mehta Megha , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane 
Published: April 2022

Objectives
Although pain management is central to pediatric chronic pancreatitis (CP) care, no evidence-based guidelines exist. In this scoping systematic review, we sought promising strategies for CP pain treatment in children.

Methods
We systematically reviewed literature on pain management in children and adults with CP, and 2 conditions with similar pain courses: juvenile idiopathic arthritis and sickle cell disease.

Results
Of 8997 studies identified, 287 met inclusion criteria. There are no published studies of analgesic medications, antioxidants, dietary modification, integrative medicine, or regional nerve blocks in children with CP. In adults with CP, studies of nonopioid analgesics, pancreatic enzymes, and dietary interventions have mixed results. Retrospective studies suggest that endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgical procedures, most durably total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplant, improve pain for children with CP. Follow-up was short relative to a child's life. Large studies in adults also suggest benefit from endoscopic therapy and surgery, but lack conclusive evidence about optimal procedure or timing. Studies on other painful pediatric chronic illnesses revealed little generalizable to children with CP.

Conclusions
No therapy had sufficient high-quality studies to warrant untempered, evidence-based support for use in children with CP. Multicenter studies are needed to identify pain management “best practices.”