bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RZWQM2 simulated irrigation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts on cotton production in hyper–arid areas
Authors: Chen Xiaoping , Dong Haibo , Feng Shaoyuan , Gui Dongwei , Ma Liwang , Thorp Kelly R. , Wu Hao , Liu Bo , Qi Zhiming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Improving cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under future climate scenarios by optimizing irrigation regimes is crucial in hyper–arid areas. Assuming a current baseline atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ( \({\left[{\text{C}\text{O}}_{2}\right]}_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{m}}\) ) of 380 ppm (baseline, BL0/380), the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) was used to evaluate the effects of four climate change scenarios — S1.5/380 ( \(\varDelta {\text{T}}_{\text{a}\text{i}\text{r}}^{^\circ }=1.5^\circ \text{C}, \varDelta {\left[{\text{C}\text{O}}_{2}\right]}_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{m}}=0\) ), S2.0/380 ( \(\varDelta {\text{T}}_{\text{a}\text{i}\text{r}}^{^\circ }=2.0^\circ \text{C}, \varDelta {\left[{\text{C}\text{O}}_{2}\right]}_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{m}}=0\) ), S1.5/490 ( \(\varDelta {\text{T}}_{\text{a}\text{i}\text{r}}^{^\circ }=1.5^\circ \text{C}, \varDelta {\left[{\text{C}\text{O}}_{2}\right]}_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{m}}=+110 \text{p}\text{p}\text{m}\) ) and S2.0/650 ( \(\varDelta {\text{T}}_{\text{a}\text{i}\text{r}}^{^\circ }=2.0^\circ \text{C}, \varDelta {\left[{\text{C}\text{O}}_{2}\right]}_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{m}}=+270 \text{p}\text{p}\text{m}\) ) on soil water content (θ), soil temperature ( \({\text{T}}_{\text{s}\text{o}\text{i}\text{l}}^{^\circ }\) ), aboveground biomass, cotton yield and WUE under full irrigation. Cotton yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under ten different irrigation management strategies were analysed for economic benefits. Under the S1.5/380 and S2.0/380 scenarios, the average simulated aboveground biomass of cotton (vs. BL0/380) declined by 11% and 16%, whereas under S1.5/490 and S2.0/650 scenarios it increased by 12% and 30%, respectively. The simulated average seed cotton yield (vs. BL0/380) increased by 9.0% and 20.3% under the S1.5/490 and S2.0/650 scenarios, but decreased by 10.5% and 15.3% under the S1.5/380 and S2.0/380 scenarios, respectively. Owing to greater cotton yield and lesser transpiration, a 9.0% and 24.2% increase (vs. BL0/380) in cotton WUE occurred under the S1.5/490 and S2.0/650 scenarios, respectively. The highest net income ($3741 ha−1) and net water yield ($1.14 m−3) of cotton under climate change occurred when irrigated at 650 mm and 500 mm per growing season, respectively. These results suggested that deficit irrigation can be adopted in irrigated cotton fields to address the agricultural water crisis expected under climate change.
A Catastrophic Implant Failure After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Özer Hamza , Ahmadov Asim , Ozel Tayfun , Selek Hakan Yusuf , Senol Mehmet Selcuk , Dursun Ayşe , Bozkurt Hasan Hüseyin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wear of metallic surfaces after total knee arthroplasty is uncommon. In this case, we report a catastrophic failure of the knee prosthesis in a 60-year-old male patient who had undergone total knee prosthesis 7 years prior to his admission to our clinic. Genu recurvatum was observed in the affected knee. Surgical exploration of the knee showed wear of the polyethylene insert accompanied by metallic tibial component abrasion of the posterior-cruciate-retaining total knee prosthesis (Maxim, Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA). Single-stage revision was performed, and a new total knee prosthesis was implanted (Legion, Smith & Nephew, Memphis, TN, USA). Postoperative examination showed improved stability and correction of recurvatum of the affected knee and follow-up examination showed improved weight bearing ability and better overall functional outcome.
Trans-fatty acid blood levels of industrial but not natural origin are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with HFpEF: a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF trial
Authors: Lechner Katharina , Bock Matthias , von Schacky Clemens , Scherr Johannes , Lorenz Elke , Lechner Benjamin , Haller Bernhard , Krannich Alexander , Halle Martin , Wachter Rolf , Duvinage André , Edelmann Frank 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Industrially processed trans-fatty acids (IP-TFA) have been linked to altered lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and increased NTproBNP. In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), associations of TFA blood levels with patient characteristics are unknown.
Methods:
This is a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF-RCT. From 422 patients, individual blood TFA were analyzed at baseline in n=404 using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patient characteristics were; 67±8 years, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87/13%), ejection fraction ≥50%, E/e´ 7.1±1.5; NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82-298). A principal component analysis was conducted but not used for further analysis as cumulative variance for the first two PCs was low. Spearman´s correlation coefficients as well as linear regression analyses, using sex and age as covariates, were used to describe associations of whole blood TFA with metabolic phenotype, functional capacity, echocardiographic markers for LVDF, and neurohumoral activation at baseline and after 12 months.
Results:
Blood levels of the naturally occurring TFA C16:1n-7t were inversely associated with dyslipidemia, body-mass-index/truncal adiposity, surrogate markers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammation at baseline/12 months. Conversely, IP-TFA C18:1n9t, C18:2n6tt and C18:2n6tc were positively associated with dyslipidemia and isomer C18:2n6ct with dysglycemia. C18:2n6tt and C18:2n6ct were inversely associated with submaximal aerobic capacity at baseline/12 months. No significant association was found between TFA and cardiac function.
Conclusions:
In HFpEF patients, higher blood levels of IP-TFA, but not naturally occurring TFA, were associated with dyslipidemia, dysglycemia and lower functional capacity. Blood TFAs, in particular C16:1n-7t, warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in HFpEF.
Recent Advances: From Cell Biology to Cell Therapy in Atherosclerosis
Plaque via Stent Implantation
Authors: Liu Sainan , Li Li , Wang Huanran , Tan Jianying , Wei Lai , Weng Yajun , Chen Junying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial result of complicated pathophysiology.
Changes in the expression of polygenes, coupled with environmental and lifestyle factors,
trigger a cascade of adverse events involving a variety of cell types, such as vascular endothelial
cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. In this review, we summarize the
function and therapeutic targets of atherosclerotic cells. This article reviews the role of
endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages and foam cells in the development of
atherosclerosis and the progress in the treatment of atherosclerosis by targeting these cells.
Atherosclerotic plaque involves a variety of cells and biomolecules, and its complex biological
environment is a difficult point for the study and treatment of atherosclerosis. For
treating atherosclerosis, a large number of studies emerged based on blocking or inhibiting
factors affecting the formation and development of plaque. Cardiovascular stent intervention
is currently the main method for the treatment of atherosclerosis. In recent decades,
numerous studies on cardiovascular, stents mainly involve drug coating or biomolecular
modification of stents to enhance anti-thrombosis, anti-restenosis and endothelialization.
This paper introduces the research status of cardiovascular stents and new
strategies for surface modification. The treatment of atherosclerosis based on the level of
molecular biology and cell biology is becoming a research hotspot in the coming decades.
Extravaganza of Nanobiotechnology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of
Dementia Patients
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Dementia impairs memory, critical thinking, and decision-making. Alzheimer’s disease is
caused by extracellular amyloid fibrils containing the peptide Amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulating in the
brain. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. A slew of small molecule inhibitors
developed over several decades has targeted dementia and related diseases. The drugs and inhibitors
cannot cross the BBB due to their insurmountable nature. Many molecular nanomedicines
have been developed that can cross the BBB via adsorptive-mediated transcytosis. Drug-loaded
nanosized formulations, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nano transporters, liposomes,
nanoemulsions, exosomes, gold nanoparticles, and dendrimers, have a significant impact on dementia
diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on recent developments in nanotechnology-based
drug delivery systems for dementia and related disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Recent advances
in nanotechnology may help overcome drug delivery limitations for dementia therapy.
Nanoparticles' size, composition, and structural variety bring up new therapeutic possibilities, including
treating and diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases. It is possible to enhance therapeutic effectiveness
by enhancing pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, water solubility, and stability under physiological
conditions while reducing adverse effects by restricting their location in healthy tissues.
The Mechanistic Role of Different Mediators in the Pathophysiology of
Nephropathy: A Review
Authors: Dhingra Ashwani K. , Singh Jaspreet , Jain Akash , Bhamra Rashmi , Rathi Vaibhav 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Nephropathy has become the most common reason for end-stage renal disease worldwide. The progression of end-stage renal disease occurs caused by decreased glomerular filtration rate, damage to capillaries in renal glomeruli or a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The involvement of mechanism in the development of nephropathy via generation of AGEs, the elevation of growth factors, altered hemodynamic and metabolic factors, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in India will rise from 3.7 million in 1990 to 7.63 million in 2020 becoming the main cause of mortality and morbidity. The pathogenesis of nephropathy mediates by various molecules that cause alterations in the structure and function of the kidney like growth factors, endothelins, transforming growth factor (TGF-β), and Angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE), fibronectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines, mast cells and dyslipidemia. Growth factors like VEGF, IGFs, PDGF, EGFR and TGF-β contribute to excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, together with thickening of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes and an increase in the mesangial matrix, leading to glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Oxidative stress and inflammation factors like TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 are hypothesized to play a role in the development of pathological changes in nephropathy like renal hyperfiltration and hypertrophy, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), glomerular lesion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Dyslipidemia is involved in the progression of nephropathy by impaired action of lipoprotein lipase, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transferase protein (CETP) resulting in the increased level of LDL-C, Triglyceride level and decrease HDL-C that enhance macrophage infiltration, excessive extracellular matrix production and accelerate inflammation with the development of proteinuria. Interruption in the RAS, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia have yielded much better results in terms of reno-protection and progression of nephropathy. In this review, we would focus on various factors that have been shown to contribute to renal injury in many experimental models of nephropathy.
Reversal of Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities in an Animal Model of Temporal
Lobe Epilepsy Following Systemic Administration of Dental Pulp
Stem Cells and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Senthilkumar Sivapriya , Maiya Krishnamoorthi , Jain Nishta Kusum , Mata Sundeep , Mangaonkar Snehal , Prabhu Prajnya , Rai Kiranmai S. , Kutty Bindu M. , Dhanushkodi Anandh 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
We aim to investigate whether timed systemic administration of dental pulp
stem cells (DPSCs) or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with status epilepticus (SE)
induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage could facilitate the CNS homing of DPSCs/BM-MSCs and
mitigate neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in an animal
model of Temporal Lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Background:
Cognitive impairments, altered emotional responsiveness, depression, and anxiety are
the common neuropsychiatric co-morbidities observed in TLE patients. Mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) transplantation has gained immense attention in treating TLE, as ~30% of patients do not
respond to anti-epileptic drugs. While MSCs are known to cross the BBB, better CNS homing and
therapeutic effects could be achieved when the systemic administration of MSC is timed with BBB
damage following SE.

Objectives:
The objectives of the present study are to investigate the effects of systemic administration of
DPSCs/BM-MSCs timed with BBB damage on CNS homing of DPSCs/BM-MSCs, neurodegeneration,
neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in an animal model of TLE.

Methodology:
We first assessed the BBB leakage following kainic acid-induced SE and timed the
intravenous administration of DPSCs/BM-MSCs to understand the CNS homing/engraftment potential
of DPSCs/BM-MSCs and their potential to mitigate neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and
neuropsychiatric comorbidities.

Results:
Our results revealed that systemic administration of DPSCs/BM-MSCs attenuated
neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and ameliorated neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Three
months following intravenous administration of DPSCs/BM-MSCs, we observed a negligible number
of engrafted cells in the corpus callosum, sub-granular zone, and sub-ventricular zone.

Conclusion:
Thus, it is evident that functional recovery is still achievable despite poor engraftment of
MSCs into CNS following systemic administration.
Serum Uric Acid Levels Are Associated With Macula Microvasculature
Changes In Hypertensive White Matter Hyperintensity Patients
Authors: Zhao Yitian , Liang Hui , Wei Ruili , Xie Jianyang , Meng Fangxia , He Fangping , Liu Jiang 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
To characterize the macula microvasculature using fractal dimension (FD) in
hypertensive white matter hyperintensity (WMH) participants and explore the association between
the microvascular changes and serum uric acid levels.

Methods:
Thirty-eight WMH participants were dementia and stroke-free, and 37 healthy controls
were enrolled. Optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) was used to image the superficial
vascular complex (SVC), deep vascular complex (DVC), and inner vascular complex (IVC) in a
2.5-mm diameter concentric circle (excluding the foveal avascular zone FAZ). A commercial algorithm
was used to quantify the complexity and density of the three capillary layers by fractal analysis.

Results:
WMH participants showed significantly lower FD value in the SVC (P = 0.002), DVC (P <
0.001) and IVC (P = 0.012) macula microvasculature compared with control group. After adjusting
for risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, age and gender) SVC (P = 0.035) and IVC (P = 0.030) significantly
correlated with serum uric acid.

Conclusions:
Serum uric acid levels are associated with microvascular changes in WMH. Fractal
dimension based on OCTA imaging could help quantitatively characterize the macula microvasculature
changes in WMH and may be a potential screening tool to detect serum uric acid level changes.
Exploration of the Mechanism of Tripterygium Wilfordii in the Treatment
of Myocardial Fibrosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular
Docking
Authors: Ming Yang , Jiachen Liu , Tao Guo , Zhihui Wang 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A network pharmacology study on the biological action of tripterygium wilfordii on myocardial fibrosis（MF）.

Methods:
The effective components and potential targets of tripterygium wilfordii were screened from the TCMSP database to develop a combination target network. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed by analyzing the interaction between tripterygium wilfordii and MF, and then the Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed. Furthermore, molecular docking was utilized to verify the results of the network analysis.

Results:
It was predicted that MF has 29 components that contribute to its effectiveness, as well as 87 potential targets. It is predicted that Tripterygium wilfordii has 29 active components and 87 potential targets for the treatment of MF. The principal active components of tripterygium wilfordii include kaempferol, β-sitosterol, triptolide, and Nobiletin. Signaling pathways: AGE-RAGE, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK may be involved in the mechanism of its action.7 Seven key targets (TNF, STAT3, AKT1, TP53, VEGFA, CASP3, STAT1) are possibly involved in the treatment of MF by tripterygium wilfordii.

Conclusion:
This study shows the complex network relationship between multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways of Tripterygium wilfordii in treating MF.
Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer: Plausible Risk Factors, Cellular
Immune Responses, Cancer Directed Therapy- Current Challenges
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
COVID-19 has created tremendous societal upheaval, resulting in a global overhaul of healthcare systems. According to new evidence, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to aggravate pre-existing inequities, particularly among cancer patients. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionately negative impact on cancer patients. The unfavorable outcomes in cancer patients who contract COVID-19, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care delivery, and the significant disruption of cancer research are all examples of this consequence. On the other hand, patients with cancer are a diverse group, and new research has identified characteristics that allow for risk categorization of cancer patients to optimize care. Variable access to telemedicine, timely diagnosis, and treatment access are all possible drivers of unequal cancer survival as a result of the epidemic. Despite oncology associations presenting guidelines on cancer care during the pandemic, the magnitude of potential therapy advantages, therapeutic purpose, and access to care all play a role in prioritizing cancer medicines. This review focuses on evidence related to COVID-19 and cancer, such as the molecular interactions between the two diseases and practical therapeutic suggestions for cancer patients during the pandemic. We also explore the pandemic's possible long-term influence on cancer care due to its negative impact on cancer research, as well as biological discoveries from the cancer research community that could aid in the development of novel therapeutics for all COVID-19 patients.
Hepatologists’ Awareness and Knowledge of NAFLD and the Familiarity
with Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD
Authors: Alem Shereen Abdel , Fouad Yasser , AbdAllah Mohamed , Attia Dina , Kamal Inas , Said Ebada , Gomaa Ahmed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief M. , Gaber Yasmine 
Published: October 2022

Background & Aims:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging epidemic;
it is a negative diagnosis that depends mainly on the presence of hepatic steatosis with or
without inflammation after the exclusion of other chronic liver diseases and excess alcohol intake.
However, the new definition of MAFLD is a shift towards a diagnosis of inclusion based on
the presence of metabolic dysfunction, regardless of alcohol consumption or other concomitant
liver diseases. Given the growing relevance of the disease, data on hepatologists' views and understanding
of NAFLD are limited, we aimed to determine hepatologists' awareness and expertise
of NAFLD screening, diagnosis, and therapeutic options as well as the influence of changing
the NAFLD name to MAFLD on awareness of the fatty liver disease (FLD).

Objective:
Most of the hepatologists agreed that NAFLD can cause serious hepatic illness and
may be linked to metabolic risk factors, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to treatment.
Hepatologists have a poor understanding of NAFLD care. The shift in terminology from NAFLD
to MAFLD will be more known to hepatologists, and it may offer better awareness of FLD.

Methods:
A multicenter online questionnaire of 655 hepatologists was carried out, giving a sample
of 207 respondents. A survey composed of 36 questions was used to assess the level of hepatologists'
awareness and practices in the screening, diagnosis, and management of
NAFLD/MAFLD, as well as their familiarity with the nomenclature change from NAFLD to
MAFLD.

Results:
A total of 207 hepatologists were included, of which 107 (51.4%) were males, with a
mean age was 36.4 years. 50.2% (n = 104) of the hepatologists were oriented with NAFLD. Only
41 (19.8%) realized that NAFLD may frequently result in severe hepatic disease. NAFLD is rarely
screened by the majority of the participating hepatologists (118, 57%), and (135, 65.2%) of
them use liver biopsy for diagnosis of NAFLD. In (104, 50.2%) hepatologists, changing the nomenclature
of NAFLD was relatively familiar. Furthermore, 71.9% of hepatologists thought that
the new nomenclature offers a better awareness of FLD.

Conclusion:
A small percentage of hepatologists agreed that NAFLD can cause serious hepatic
illness and may be linked to metabolic risk factors, and around half of them realize that NAFLD
necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Hepatologists have a poor understanding
of NAFLD care. The shift in terminology from NAFLD to MAFLD will be more known to hepatologists,
and it may offer better awareness of FLD.