bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical studies in Chinese subjects investigating the tolerance and soothing efficacy of a cream and balm containing 4‐t‐butylcyclohexanol on the sensitivity of facial skin
Authors: Ortiz Brugués Ariadna , Braeuer Lara Claude , Grieu Jean‐Baptiste , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionAsian subjects are particularly prone to skin sensitivity. We developed a facial cream and balm containing 4‐t‐butylcyclohexanol to provide skin comfort and a soothing effect for sensitive skin.ObjectivesAssess the dermatological and ophthalmological tolerance and efficacy in improving skin sensitivity of face cream and balm under normal conditions of use by a population known to be particularly prone to this problem.MethodsIn a monocentric non‐randomized open trial, the cream or balm was applied twice daily to the face, neck, and eye contour of 33 stinger subjects with hypersensitive skin (22–63 years old). Assessments included dermatological and ophthalmological physical and functional signs on Day 1 (D1), D8, and D22, and cosmetic acceptability, cutaneous sensitivity according to a stinging test and the sensitive scale, and the soothing efficacy according to a questionnaire on D22.ResultsThe cream and balm were very well tolerated. Immediately after application, subjects reported a reduction in the skin's hypersensitivity (93.9% of subjects for the cream and 81.8% for the balm), skin redness (90.9% of subjects for the cream and 87.9% for the balm), sensations of tightness (93.9% for the cream and 97.0% for the balm), and discomfort sensations (93.9% for the cream and 87.9% for the balm). After 21 days, the application of the cream and balm decreased the stinging scores by 65% and 41%, respectively, with 94% and 77% of subjects showing an improvement, respectively. The sensitivity scale questionnaire indicated that the cream and balm significantly and profoundly decreased all negative signs, for example, irritability, stinging, general discomfort, redness, and dryness on D22 compared to D1. On D22, all 15 parameters recorded were improved by 89%–100% by the cream and by 74%–100% by the balm. The majority (90.9% and 96.8% of subjects using the cream and balm, respectively) of the subjects noticed positive changes in their skin condition after using the product for 21 days.ConclusionsThe cream and balm were very well‐tolerated. This study demonstrated that both products controlled and markedly reduced skin hypersensitivity in Asian subjects, with an immediate and lasting skin soothing and repairing effect over 21 days.
Creating a high‐performance surgical safety checklist: A multimodal evaluation plan to reinvigorate the checklist
Authors: Moyal‐Smith Rachel , Etheridge James C. , Lim Shu Rong , Sonnay Yves , Tan Hiang Khoon , Yong Tze Tein , Havens Joaquim M. , Brindle Mary E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectivesThe WHO Surgical Safety Checklist is a communication tool designed to improve surgical safety processes and enhance teamwork. It has been widely adopted since its introduction over ten years ago. As surgical safety needs evolve, organizations should periodically review and update their checklists. A holistic evaluation of the checklist in the context of an organization is the first step to making informed updates. In this article, we describe a comprehensive but feasible strategy for checklist evaluation which we developed and implemented as part of a surgical safety initiative in a high‐performing center.MethodsA three‐part evaluation plan was developed and carried out by a multidisciplinary team. The evaluation included assessment of 1. Quality of care through a review of surgical safety events; 2. Safety culture through a validated survey and informal feedback; and 3. Checklist performance through direct observations and a staff survey. To prepare for re‐implementation the current institutional checklist was critically evaluated and a context assessment survey was administered to surgical staff.ResultsThe evaluation revealed challenges in communication and teamwork, with surgical staff often perceived to be working in silos. The quality of care assessment indicated room for improvement in safety processes. Deficiencies in the safety culture measures of communication and feedback shed light on an overall lack of engagement with the checklist. Checklist performance demonstrated good adherence to the items on the checklist but limited engagement by the surgical team and minimal communication between subteams. These findings informed our revisions to the checklist and its implementation processes.ConclusionsWe developed and implemented a comprehensive, scalable approach to checklist evaluation which directly informed improvements to the checklist that were tailored to the organization's current context. Organizations can apply this framework to breathe new life into their checklist and transform their safety culture.
Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning
Authors: Stärk Katja , Kidd Evan , Frost Rebecca L. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStatistical learning, the ability to extract regularities from input (e.g., in language), is likely supported by learners’ prior expectations about how component units co‐occur. In this study, we investigated how adults’ prior experience with sublexical regularities in their native language influences performance on an empirical language learning task. Forty German‐speaking adults completed a speech repetition task in which they repeated eight‐syllable sequences from two experimental languages: one containing disyllabic words comprised of frequently occurring German syllable transitions (naturalistic words) and the other containing words made from unattested syllable transitions (non‐naturalistic words). The participants demonstrated learning from both naturalistic and non‐naturalistic stimuli. However, learning was superior for the naturalistic sequences, indicating that the participants had used their existing distributional knowledge of German to extract the naturalistic words faster and more accurately than the non‐naturalistic words. This finding supports theories of statistical learning as a form of chunking, whereby frequently co‐occurring units become entrenched in long‐term memory.
Limited movement of an avian hybrid zone in relation to regional variation in magnitude of climate change
Authors: Alexander Alana , Robbins Mark B. , Holmes Jesse , Moyle Robert G. , Peterson A. Townsend 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudies of natural hybrid zones can provide documentation of range shifts in response to climate change and identify loci important to reproductive isolation. Using a temporal (36–38 years) comparison of the black‐capped (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina (P. carolinensis) chickadee hybrid zone, we investigated movement of the western portion of the zone (western Missouri) and assessed whether loci and pathways underpinning reproductive isolation were similar to those in the eastern portion of the hybrid zone. Using 92 birds sampled along the hybrid zone transect in 2016 and 68 birds sampled between 1978 and 1980, we generated 11,669 SNPs via ddRADseq. These SNPs were used to assess movement of the hybrid zone through time and to evaluate variation in introgression among loci. We demonstrate that the interface has moved ~5 km to the northwest over the last 36–38 years, that is, at only one‐fifth the rate at which the eastern portion (e.g., Pennsylvania, Ohio) of the hybrid zone has moved. Temperature trends over the last 38 years reveal that eastern areas have warmed 50% more than western areas in terms of annual mean temperature, possibly providing an explanation for the slower movement of the hybrid zone in Missouri. Our results suggest hybrid zone movement in broadly distributed species, such as chickadees, will vary between areas in response to local differences in the impacts of climate change.
Y‐site administration of electrolyte solutions and injectable acetaminophen—A physical compatibility study with combinations frequently used in pediatric intensive care and anesthesia
Authors: Kleinlein Mona , Marschler Stephanie , Neininger Martina Patrizia , Hoeckel Michael , Bertsche Thilo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimDetermination of the physical compatibility of acetaminophen and two different electrolyte solutions (an isotonic, balanced electrolyte solution and a hypotonic, glucose containing electrolyte solution) with drugs frequently used in routine pediatric intensive care.MethodsAnalytical investigations for frequently used combinations without pre‐existing data were performed. Visual and microscopic observations according to the European Pharmacopeia as well as pH measurements and ultraviolet visible spectrometry at wavelengths of 350, 410 and 550 nm were conducted to analyze physical compatibility. All measurements were performed immediately after mixing as well as 1, 4, and 24 h after.ResultsIn total, 42 combinations were analyzed. Visual incompatibilities were found with pantoprazole and diazepam with both electrolyte solutions. For furosemide, a particle formation in mixture with the hypotonic glucose‐containing electrolyte solution and a change in pH ≥ 0.5 after 24 h with both electrolyte solutions were observed. Ampicillin, cefuroxime, diazepam, furosemide, linezolid, meropenem, and pantoprazole showed an aberration of the absorbance ≥0.04 (350 nm/410 nm) or ≥0.01 (550 nm) in the photometric measurements with the electrolyte solutions. For acetaminophen, a physical incompatibility was observed with ampicillin, diazepam, furosemide, and pantoprazole.ConclusionMost of the analyzed combinations showed no signs of physical incompatibility and may therefore be administered via the same Y‐site. However, diazepam, furosemide, and pantoprazole should not be administered simultaneously with acetaminophen or both electrolyte solutions.
Policy learning and change during crisis: COVID‐19 policy responses across six states
Authors: Crow Deserai A. , DeLeo Rob A. , Albright Elizabeth A. , Taylor Kristin , Birkland Tom , Zhang Manli , Koebele Elizabeth , Jeschke Nathan , Shanahan Elizabeth A. , Cage Caleb 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhereas policy change is often characterized as a gradual and incremental process, effective crisis response necessitates that organizations adapt to evolving problems in near real time. Nowhere is this dynamic more evident than in the case of COVID‐19, which forced subnational governments to constantly adjust and recalibrate public health and disease mitigation measures in the face of changing patterns of viral transmission and the emergence of new information. This study assesses (a) the extent to which subnational policies changed over the course of the pandemic; (b) whether these changes are emblematic of policy learning; and (c) the drivers of these changes, namely changing political and public health conditions. Using a novel dataset analyzing each policy's content, including its timing of enactment, substantive focus, stringency, and similar variables, results indicate the pandemic response varied significantly across states. The states examined were responsive to both changing public health and political conditions. This study identifies patterns of preemptive policy learning, which denotes learning in anticipation of an emerging hazard. In doing so, the study provides important insights into the dynamics of policy learning and change during disaster.
Residual risk estimates of transfusion transmissible hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus using nucleic acid testing yield/window period model in an Indian setting
Authors: Pandey Hem Chandra , Varghese Mariamma , Rana Arvind , Kumar Raj , Jain Pankaj 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEstimation of residual risk (RR) is necessary to understand status of blood safety with current testing strategies and need to improve it further. These estimates from India are lacking till date. Present study was aimed to estimate RR and incident rate (IR) of transfusion transmitted infectious disease (TTIDs) in Indian setting.Study Design and MethodsBlood donor demographic data, serological testing results and nucleic acid testing (NAT) screening results were collected retrospectively from January 2015 to June 2017. Mathematical modelling using NAT yield/window period model was done to estimate IR and RR of TTIDs. Data was compared between different groups based on age‐group, gender, donation repeatability and type of donor.ResultsA total 106 119 blood donors donated 109 441 units with overall TTID reactivity of 2.22%. HBV was most prevalent TTID (1.26%) with RR of 16.1 per million followed by HCV and HIV with RR of 4.4 and 3.1 per million donations, respectively. NAT testing variably reduced RR ranging from 69.4% to 96.1% depending on TTID. Younger, repeat and voluntary donors had significantly lower prevalence of TTIDs compared to older, first time and replacement donors.DiscussionGaps in the blood safety could be bridged significantly by implementing NAT testing and using quality serological assays. Comparatively high RR despite using quality serological assays and ID‐NAT testing highlights need to develop long term strategies to improve blood safety by focusing on improving donor pool by recruiting regular voluntary donors among youth and imparting knowledge of healthy practices.
The proximity‐concentration trade‐off with multi‐product firms: Are exports and FDI complements or substitutes?
Authors: Bricongne Jean‐Charles , Franco Bedoya Sebastian , Lopez Forero Margarita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStandard horizontal foreign direct investment (FDI) models predict substitutability between FDI and exports in light of the proximity‐concentration trade‐off, nonetheless, empirical literature finds, almost invariably, a complementarity effect. We show that given the multi‐product nature of multinational enterprises both effects coexist at the firm‐level, with a substitutability for some products and a complementarity for others, explaining why the empirical substitutability relation has been so scarce even at the level of the firm. We use detailed French firm‐level data over 2002 and 2009 to show that the question of whether FDI and exports are complements or substitutes depends on whether the product belongs to the core competency of the firm and the size of demand in the destination market. We find evidence of the substitutability predicted by standard horizontal FDI models, taking place only for the best performing products of the firm and in high‐demand markets. In turn, vertical linkages and proximity advantages related to FDI's foreign presence generate exports of intermediates and products that are further away of the firms' core competency. This complementarity jeopardises the substitutability when aggregating all products of the firm, resulting on an average null net effect of FDI on exports in high‐demand countries.
Red cells manufactured from lipaemic whole blood donations: Do they have higher haemolysis?
Authors: Winter Kelly M. , Webb Rachel G. , Marks Denese C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLipaemia in blood donations is thought to influence haemolysis in stored red blood cell (RBC) components. Higher lipid concentrations are believed to increase red cell fragility, exacerbating haemolysis during collection and subsequent red cell storage. This study aimed to investigate associations between lipoproteins in plasma and haemolysis of red cells stored in saline–adenine–glucose–mannitol (SAGM).Materials and MethodsFifty‐four plasma and matched RBCs were obtained from lipaemic whole blood donations. Plasma was tested for coagulation factors, triglycerides and cholesterol. Haemolysis, glucose, lactate, extracellular potassium, lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured in RBC on Days 7, 21 and 42 of storage. Additionally, 20 plasma and matched RBCs from non‐lipaemic donations were tested as controls.ResultsLipaemic plasma had significantly higher triglyceride concentrations compared with non‐lipaemic plasma. However, there was no significant difference in plasma cholesterol between the two groups. There were no significant differences in glucose, extracellular potassium or ATP concentrations in RBC from either group. There was no significant difference in haemolysis at expiry in lipaemic‐derived and control RBC, with a weak correlation between haemolysis and either triglycerides or cholesterol.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in haemolysis in RBC manufactured from lipaemic and non‐lipaemic whole blood donations when stored in SAGM; however, the proportion of RBC from lipaemic donations with higher haemolysis was greater than in the controls. There was a weak correlation between red cell haemolysis and plasma triglycerides. Therefore, RBCs derived from lipaemic donations are suitable for blood bank inventories.
The role of potassium channels in tumours of the gastrointestinal tract: a focus on the human ether‐à‐go‐go related gene 1 channels
Authors: Arcangeli Annarosa , Duranti Claudia , Iorio Jessica , Lastraioli Elena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPotassium channels are often dysregulated in tumours of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Among them, the voltage‐dependent channel KV11.1, also known as human ether‐à‐go‐go related gene 1 (hERG1), is frequently expressed in tumours and precancerous lesions of the GI tract. In precancerous lesions, hERG1 behaves as a progression factor, contributing to identifying those patients whose lesions can progress towards true cancers. In advanced cancers, such as colorectal and pancreatic cancer, a high hERG1 expression represents a negative prognostic factor, contributing to identifying high risk patients. The only exception is represented by neuroendocrine cancers of both the ileum and the pancreas, where hERG1 represents a positive prognostic factor for survival. In GI tumours, hERG1 can function either as a true channel, allowing outward potassium ion flux and membrane repolarisation, or in a non‐canonical, non‐conductive way. This occurs because, in cancer, hERG1 forms complexes with different plasma membrane and cytosolic proteins, instead of classical accessory subunits. In particular, hERG1 forms a complex with the β1 subunit of integrin receptors: the hERG1–β1 complex. Growth and chemokine receptors, small GTPases, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase, as well as other ion transporters or channels, are also recruited in the hERG1–β1 complex. The formation of multiprotein channel complexes represents an emerging mechanism allowing functional channel networking in both excitable and non‐excitable cells. hERG1 represents a prototype of how multiprotein complexes operate in tumours, that is, giving rise to signalling hubs which can transmit and modulate signals arising from the tumour microenvironment, hence contributing to tumour progression and malignancy.
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Positioning Accuracy Reliability Analysis of Industrial Robots Considering Epistemic Uncertainty and Correlation
Authors: Cao Lixiong , Liu Jie , Zhang Jinhe , Jiang Chao , Zhang Dequan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Uncertainties widely existing in modeling parameters, such as link length, joint clearance, and rotation angle, have the serious impact on the motion performance of industrial robots. In this study, a reliability analysis method based on evidence theory is proposed to uniformly analyze the influence of epistemic uncertainty and their correlation in modeling parameters on the positioning accuracy of robotic end effector. For the epistemic uncertainty derived from the limited sample data of modeling parameters, a generalized evidence theory model based on parallelotope frame is developed, which can uniformly quantify epistemic uncertainty and correlation of modeling parameters using the evidence framework of discernment and joint focal elements with same parallelotope features. To overcome the contradiction between analysis efficiency and accuracy for industrial robot positioning with nonlinearity, an efficient space affine collocation method is further proposed based on dimension reduction decomposition. Under the parallelotope evidence theory model, this method can provide an accurate reliability analysis result at a lower computational cost. A six degrees-of-freedom industrial robot is showcased to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method in positioning accuracy reliability analysis.
Postural Control and Adaptation Strategy of Young Adults on Unstable Surface
Authors: Lai Qian Qi , Gouwanda Darwin , Gopalai Alpha A. 
Published: October 2022

Balance control is essential for postural adjustment in physical activities. This study investigates the behavior of human postural control and the coordination and adaptation strategy of hip, knee, and ankle when standing on an unstable surface. Twenty participants were recruited. Four different conditions were investigated: a quiet bipedal stance with eyes open and eyes closed, and standing on an unstable surface with eyes open and eyes closed. Other than the joint angle, the standard body sway measures, such as sway area and sway velocity, were computed. A nonlinear time series measure, that is, sample entropy, was used to determine the regularity of the time series and body adaptability to change and perturbation. The results show that the body sway increases as the difficulty increases. This study also confirms the coordination of the hip, knee, and ankle to maintain body balance on the unstable surface by decreasing the joint angle and adopting a lower posture. Even though the individual joint has lower sample entropy value and is deemed to be rigid and less adaptive to perturbation, the postural control exhibits higher sample entropy value, particularly in the anterior–posterior direction, and has the ability to stabilize the body by manipulating the joints simultaneously. These outcomes suggest that an unstable surface not only challenges the human postural control, but also reduces the hip, knee, and ankle adaptability to perturbation, thus making it a great tool to train body balance.
Purpose in life (Ikigai) and employment status in relation to cardiovascular mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Authors: Miyazaki Junji , Shirai Kokoro , Kimura Takashi , Ikehara Satoyo , Tamakoshi Akiko , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate whether having a purpose in life (Ikigai) is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and whether the association varies by employment status.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingResidents in 45 municipalities, Japan.Participants29 517 men and 41 984 women aged 40–79 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline from 1988 to 1990.Primary outcome measuresCVD mortality.ResultsDuring the median follow-up of 19.1 years, 4680 deaths (2393 men and 2287 women) from total CVD were observed. GreaterIkigaiwas associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, and the result was stronger for men than for women. Stratified by employment status, the inverse association was confined to unemployed persons. Among unemployed persons, the multivariable HRs of total CVD were higher for moderate and high versus low levels ofIkigai. Multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.57 to 0.97) and 0.69 (0.52 to 0.93), P for trend <0.044, respectively in men, and 0.78 (0.64 to 0.95) and 0.77 (0.61 to 0.97), P for trend=0.039 in women. No association was observed among the employed, including part-time workers, self-employed and homemakers for both men and women. Such an inverse association remained even after excluding early deaths within 5 years from the baseline survey.ConclusionHigher levels ofIkigaiwere associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, especially for unemployed men and women.