bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of surface modification on droplet mobility during dropwise condensation
Authors: Balbarona J.A. , Denoga G.J.C. , SalapareIII H.S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA two‐step surface fabrication technique is used to modify the wetting characteristics of copper sheets for heat transfer application. It consists of oxygen plasma treatment that results in the formation of surface nanostructures, and a post‐functionalization process using self‐assembled monolayers. The copper samples are characterized by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Results show that surface roughness, described using hybrid and functional roughness parameters, varies with irradiation power. The plasma‐treated copper samples become superhydrophobic with water contact angles ranging from 150° to 160° after the post‐functionalization. Condensation experiments are conducted to explore the influence of surface wettability on condensate formation. Results show that droplets formed on the superhydrophobic copper sheets are smaller and more mobile with sweep events that are 9x more frequent compared to those on untreated copper sheets. Sweep events are shown to be influenced by surface porosity, which is defined using standard roughness parameters. It is demonstrated that higher surface porosity results to higher sweep interval.
Investigation of sheet thickness in the electromagnetic welding of aluminum‐stainless steel
Authors: Ayaz M. , Khandaei M. , Vahidshad Y. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe goal of present research is to investigate the effect of thickness of aluminum, stainless steel and driver sheets on the ultimate tensile strength, weld width and hardness of aluminum‐stainless steel joint in the electromagnetic welding. First, the finite element analysis was applied to predict the joint formation between aluminum and stainless steel sheets by using the weldability window. Then, the experiments were conducted using the response surface methodology and desirability function to attain the desirable values of sheet thickness. Eventually, the microstructure of weld interface was observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the quality of welds. It was observed that the values of ultimate tensile strength, weld width and hardness can be simultaneously improved by selecting the thickness of aluminum, stainless steel and driver at 0.78 mm, 0.37 mm and 0.96 mm respectively. The microstructure analysis exhibited that the detrimental effects of intermetallic layers on the weld strength can be limited by reducing the thickness of intermetallic to 4 μm.
Effect of different precursors on structural and luminescence properties of Mn3O4nanoparticles prepared by co‐precipitation method
Authors: Balamurugan M. , Sivaprakash P. , Sivakumar S. , Ramachandran S. , Saravanan S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManganese oxide nanomaterials (Mn3O4) have been prepared from manganese salts of two different anions and studied the role of metal precursor. Manganous sulphate monohydrate and manganese oxalate were used as manganese metal precursors. The obtained Mn3O4samples were characterized by x‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐vis absorbance spectra and photoluminescence excitation spectra. The x‐ray diffraction reveals that the prepared nanoparticles are crystalline in nature with tetragonal structure. In addition, the x‐ray diffraction concludes that the lattice parameters were altered with change in the precursors. The transmission electron microscope exhibits the prepared manganese oxide particles were nano in scale between the ranges of 25 nm to 60 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirmed the presence of manganese oxide. The luminescence intensity of the samples varies depending upon the precursors used. The sample comprising of mixed precursors shows higher luminescence intensity than the samples containing MnSO4 ⋅ H2O and MnC2O4precursors. This is owing to the fact that the surface of the sample has a lower concentration of hydroxyl ions, which was confirmed from the Fourier transform infrared spectra.
Effect of varying chromium and titanium content on corrosion, mechanical and solid particle erosion properties of iron alloy based coating
Authors: Sharma R.K. , Das R.K. , Kumar S.R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the present study, three different series of iron alloy based coating materials with varying chromium and titanium content (FeMoCSiBCr10, FeMoCSiBCr10Ti10, FeMoCSiBTi10) were deposited on 316L stainless steel using High velocity oxy‐fuel spraying method. The effect of alloying element chromium and titanium on corrosion, mechanical and erosion properties of iron alloy based coating material was evaluated. Corrosion test was performed in the medium of sodium chloride (3.5 wt.%). Mechanical tests were performed in terms of micro‐hardness and fracture toughness. The solid particle erosion test of iron based coating materials was performed according to steady state condition by varying impact speed and impingement angle. The finding of results indicated that in case of 10 wt.% titanium, the micro‐hardness and fracture toughness was increased by 25.6 % and 16 % respectively, whereas in case of 10 wt.% chromium, the micro‐hardness and fracture toughness was increased by 20.6 % and 9.8 % respectively. It can be concluded for the selection of an alloying element in an iron alloy based coating material, titanium should be given preference over chromium to get better mechanical and solid particle erosion properties whereas chromium should be given preference over titanium to get better corrosion properties.
Synthetic pro‐peptide design to enhance the secretion of heterologous proteins by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Cho Ji Sung , Oh Hye Ji , Jang Young Eun , Kim Hyun Jin , Kim Areum , Song Jong‐Am , Lee Eun Jung , Lee Jeewon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHeterologous protein production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a useful and effective strategy with many advantages, including the secretion of proteins that require posttranslational processing. However, heterologous proteins in S. cerevisiae are often secreted at comparatively low levels. To improve the production of the heterologous protein, human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (hG‐CSF) in S. cerevisiae, a secretion‐enhancing peptide cassette including an hIL‐1β‐derived pro‐peptide, was added and used as a secretion enhancer to alleviate specific bottlenecks in the yeast secretory pathway. The effects of three key parameters—N‐glycosylation, net negative charge balance, and glycine‐rich flexible linker—were investigated in batch cultures of S. cerevisiae. Using a three‐stage design involving screening, selection, and optimization, the production and secretion of hG‐CSF by S. cerevisiae were significantly increased. The amount of extracellular mature hG‐CSF produced by the optimized pro‐peptide after the final stage increased by 190% compared to that of the original pro‐peptide. Although hG‐CSF was used as the model protein in the current study, this strategy is applicable to the enhanced production of other heterologous proteins, using S. cerevisiae as the host.
Rational Design of Biaxial Tensile Strain for Boosting Electronic and Ionic Conductivities of Na2MnSiO4 for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sakata Gurmesa Gamachis , Teshome Tamiru , Ermias Benti Natei , Ayalneh Tiruye Girum , Datta Ayan , Setarge Mekonnen Yedilfana , Amente Geffe Chernet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing first‐principles calculations, biaxial tensile (ϵ=2 and 4 %) and compressive (ϵ=−2 and −4 %) straining of Na2MnSiO4 lattices resulted into radial distance cut offs of 1.65 and 2 Å, respectively, in the first and second nearest neighbors shell from the center. The Si−O and Mn−O bonds with prominent probability density peaks validated structural stability. Wide‐band gap of 2.35 (ϵ=0 %) and 2.54 eV (ϵ=−4 %), and narrow bandgap of 2.24 eV (ϵ=+4 %) estimated with stronger coupling of p–d σ bond than that of the p–d π bond, mainly contributed from the oxygen p‐state and manganese d‐state. Na+‐ion diffusivity was found to be enhanced by three orders of magnitude as the applied biaxial strain changed from compressive to tensile. According to the findings, the rational design of biaxial strain would improve the ionic and electronic conductivity of Na2MnSiO4 cathode materials for advanced rechargeable sodium‐ion batteries.
A New ‘Off–On’ System Based on Core‐Substituted Naphthalene Diimide with Dimethylamine for Reversible Acid–Base Sensing
Authors: More Vishal G. , Nadimetla Dinesh N. , Zalmi Geeta A. , Gawade Vilas K. , Jadhav Ratan W. , Mane Yogesh D. , Bhosale Sheshanath V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new ‘Off–On’ system designed and synthesised by functionalisation of a naphthalene diimide (NDI) core with dimethylamine produces 4,9‐bis(dimethylamino)‐2,7‐dioctylbenzo[lmn][3,8]‐phenanthroline‐1,3,6,8‐(2H,7H)‐tetraone, abbreviated as DDPT (1). DDPT 1 was synthesised using a simple strategy, namely aromatic nucleophilic substitution using Br2‐NDI with dimethylamine at 110 °C. DDPT was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. DDPT 1 was then used for optical studies through protonation of its dimethylamine core with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), blue‐shifting the absorption band from 600 nm to 545 nm in solution. Interestingly, the fluorescence of DDPT 1 is weak in solution with a quantum yield Φ=0.09, which is significantly enhanced to Φ=0.78 upon addition of TFA. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to 2.77 nm. Furthermore, DDPT 1 can be used for naked eyed detection not only under UV light (365 nm) but also using visible light, as clear changes can be clearly seen upon addition of TFA. The binding constant of DDPT was calculated to 2.1×10−3 m−1. Importantly, DDPT 1 showed reversible switching by alternative addition of acid (TFA) and base (triethylamine) without loss of activity. Immobilised on paper, DDPT 1 can be used for strip‐test sensing in which the colour changes from blue to reddish when expose to TFA vapours and reverse in the presence of triethylamine vapours.
Reference nodule transcriptomes for Melilotus officinalis and Medicago sativa cv. Algonquin
Authors: Huang Rui , Snedden Wayne A. , diCenzo George C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHost/symbiont compatibility is a hallmark of the symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing interaction between rhizobia and legumes, mediated in part by plant‐produced nodule‐specific cysteine‐rich (NCR) peptides and the bacterial BacA membrane protein that can act as a NCR peptide transporter. In addition, the genetic and metabolic properties supporting symbiotic nitrogen fixation often differ between compatible partners, including those sharing a common partner, highlighting the need for multiple study systems. Here, we report high‐quality nodule transcriptome assemblies for Medicago sativa cv. Algonquin and Melilotus officinalis, two legumes able to form compatible symbioses with Sinorhizobium meliloti. The compressed M. sativa and M. officinalis assemblies consisted of 79,978 and 64,593 contigs, respectively, of which 33,341 and 28,278 were assigned putative annotations, respectively. As expected, the two transcriptomes showed broad similarity at a global level. We were particularly interested in the NCR peptide profiles of these plants, as these peptides drive bacterial differentiation during the symbiosis. A total of 412 and 308 NCR peptides were predicted from the M. sativa and M. officinalis transcriptomes, respectively, with approximately 9% of the transcriptome of both species consisting of NCR transcripts. Notably, transcripts encoding highly cationic NCR peptides (isoelectric point > 9.5), which are known to have antimicrobial properties, were ∼2‐fold more abundant in M. sativa than in M. officinalis, and ∼27‐fold more abundant when considering only NCR peptides in the six‐cysteine class. We hypothesize that the difference in abundance of highly cationic NCR peptides explains our previous observation that some rhizobial bacA alleles which can support symbiosis with M. officinalis are unable to support symbiosis with M. sativa.
A simple lattice projection method for estimating conformer strain energies using diamond or Lonsdaleite lattices to identify atomistic steric interactions and dihedral strain
Authors: Fodor Matthew D. , Hughes Thomas S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA model for visualizing and estimating the strain energies of acyclic alkanes and substituted cyclohexanes and cyclopentanes has been described. This model relies upon an atomistic depiction of a particular conformer superimposed upon the requisite lattice, diamond or Lonsdaleite, to identify strain elements associated with eclipsed bonds and/or van der Waals interactions. To test the validity of this approach, the estimated strain energies obtained from the lattice model were compared against the corresponding density functional theory (DFT) energies derived at the B3LYP/6‐311+G** level of theory. The results show excellent correlation with linear best fit equation E (Lattice Model) = 1.01 E (DFT) and an R2 of 0.994. The average error in the lattice model estimate is 0.26 kcal/mol using a set of eight parameters optimized to a set of substituted cyclohexane, decalin, and cyclopentane envelope conformers.x
Combined impact of UV radiation and nitric acid on high‐density polyethylene containers as a laboratory test
Authors: Geburtig Anja , Wachtendorf Volker , Falkenhagen Jana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn a laboratory test, transparent high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) jerrycans have been exposed to both UV radiation and 55 wt‐% nitric acid solution at (41 ± 2)°C, for up to 20 days. For comparison, UV radiant exposure (21 days) and nitric acid exposure (up to 6 weeks) were performed separately, at nearly equal temperatures. The damages are compared with FTIR spectroscopy in ATR and HT‐gel permeation chromatography(GPC) on a molecular level and with hydraulic internal pressure testing as a component test. For the used jerrycans, relevant oxidation can only be found after the combined exposure. This is caused by the decomposition of nitric acid into nitrous gases by UV radiation, which is also observed at lower concentrations (28 wt‐%). After 6 days of laboratory exposure, this is rated as critical, which corresponds to about 1/10 year in Central Europe, according to the UV radiant exposure. The gradual increase in oxidative damage shows the reproducibility of the test.
A theoretical simulation of the magnetic properties of nanocomposites based on graphene nanoflakes
Authors: Cheranovskii Vladyslav O. , Slavin Victor V. , Tchougréeff Andrei L. , Dronskowski Richard V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing exact diagonalization, the density matrix renormalization group approach and the quantum Monte‐Carlo method, we studied the peculiarities of the magnetization profiles and the possibility of spin switching for the Heisenberg spin models of low‐dimensional composite magnets formed by graphene nanoclusters and complex transition‐metal compounds. For these models, we found the presence of intermediate plateaus in the low‐temperature magnetization profiles, which is in agreement with known experimental and theoretical studies of the magnetization profiles of nanostructured magnets with the ferrimagnetic spin ordering in the ground state. For spin‐chain model of composite magnets proposed, we also found a possibility of single and double spin switching with the macroscopic jump of the ground state spin results from frustrated spin interactions.
Single Lithium Ion Conducting “Binderlyte” for High‐Performing Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Santiago Alexander , Sanchez‐Diez Eduardo , Oteo Uxue , Aldalur Itziar , Echeverría María , Armand Michel , Martinez‐Ibañez María , Zhang Heng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are deemed as a viable solution to improve the power and/or energy density of the contemporary lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, poor Li‐ion diffusivity within high‐energy cathodes causes sluggish kinetics of the corresponding redox reactions particularly at high C‐rates, thereby largely impeding the performance of rechargeable LMBs. In this work, a dual‐functional single Li‐ion conducting polysalt is proposed as both catholyte and binding agent (coined “Binderlyte”) for rechargeable LMBs. The designed Binderlyte is thermally and electrochemically stable, allowing its use for high‐energy cathodes like Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2 (NMC111). The implementation of designer Binderlyte endows the Li° || NMC111 cell with superior cycling stability and capacity retention even at an extremely high C‐rate of 10C. In particular, the soft and flexible nature of the Binderlyte allows the thick NMC cathode to operate at extremely low porosity (20 vol%) with almost no capacity decay. This work may provide a paradigm shift on the design of innovative polymeric materials, which are essential for developing high‐performing rechargeable LMBs.
The munchies: Marijuana legalization and food sales in Washington
Authors: Hodge Timothy R. , Hazel Cooper 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper uses the differential timing and varying degree of recreational marijuana access across Washington counties to estimate the relationship between recreational marijuana sales and food sales. Using panel event study design methods over a period that covers the emergence of Washington's retail marijuana industry, we find a statistically significant increase in taxable food sales without evidence of an increase in or substitution away from other food categories. Specifically, the introduction of recreational marijuana sales increases per capita taxable food sales by 5% to 6% and a 1% increase in marijuana sales increases per capita taxable food sales by 0.018%. These findings imply there may be additional tax revenue and health costs that need to be included in the recreational marijuana debate.
Pneumomediastinum and pneumorrhachis following sinoscopy in an adult horse
Authors: Dash Rupert Frederick , Spiesshofer Pius , Morgan Rhiannon Emma , Perrier Melanie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA horse presented to the referral hospital for pyrexia and unilateral nasal discharge. Computed tomographic examination demonstrated changes consistent with unilateral primary sinusitis. Frontal and rostral maxillary trephination facilitated sinoscopy and lavage of the paranasal sinuses. Postoperatively, subcutaneous emphysema of the head and neck developed and upon further investigation pneumomediastinum and pneumorrhachis were diagnosed on radiographic examination. The trephine portals were the likely entry point of the subcutaneous emphysema; gas then dissected through the fascial planes of the neck into the mediastinum. It is hypothesised that gas also extended along cervical fascial planes and through intervertebral foramina to enter the spinal canal causing pneumorrhachis. This is accordant with cases in human medicine and current understanding of mediastinal anatomy. The horse recovered with conservative management; however, it is noteworthy that pneumomediastinum and pneumorrhachis are potential complications of sinoscopy. Pneumothorax can subsequently develop, which could be life threatening.
Peri‐anaesthetic management of three dogs undergoing renal transplantation surgery
Authors: Wilson Jordan N. , Douglas Hope , Aronson Lillian R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis report describes the perioperative anaesthetic management of three dogs undergoing renal transplant surgery at the University of Pennsylvania using a familial donor kidney. All three cases were pre‐medicated with morphine for preoperative sedation and analgesia. Two cases were induced with a combination of fentanyl, midazolam and propofol. One case was induced with etomidate and midazolam. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen and an opioid constant‐rate infusion in all three cases, with one case also receiving a ketamine constant‐rate infusion throughout the anaesthetic procedure. Intraoperative complications that were corrected included hypotension (N = 2), hypokalaemia (N = 2), hyperkalaemia (N = 2), metabolic and respiratory acidosis (N = 2), low colloid‐oncotic pressure (N = 2), tachycardia (N = 1), bradycardia (N = 1) and anaemia secondary to intraoperative haemorrhage (N = 1). All dogs survived to be discharged from the hospital. The total survival times were 623, 350 and 46 days, which are longer than the previously reported median survival time of 24 days from discharge.
Visual Social Relationships of Memes and Selfies, and How They Imply Touch
Authors: Andreallo Fiona 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, I examine literature focusing on visual social relationships of selfies and memes to expose current theories about how these visually defined practices communicate through Touch. Furthermore, I argue that the literature essentially locates selfies and memes as practices of Touch, including the fundamentals of gestural, embodied and multimodal practice. The proliferation of research suggesting that selfies and memes act as practices of Touch flags an urgent need for research addressing socially networked relationships of Touch.
How Touch Works in Everyday Networked Social Relationships
Authors: Andreallo Fiona 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents a way to begin mapping Touch in everyday networked practices by examining how Touch is culturally significant. Extending from the previous chapter, networked Touch is first identified as embodied and multimodal. The five fundamentals of the cultural mode of Touch—identified as connection, engagement, contiguity, differentiation and positioning—are then located for how they are culturally significant in everyday relationships. Finally, acknowledging networked social relationships as embodied and multimodal, I argue that visual social relationships can be understood as practices of Touch and mapped through close examination of the fundamentals of Touch. Furthermore, the fundamentals (as a map) could potentially be used to investigate the technological self beyond visual social relationships.
Mapping Touch of (Ugly) Selfies, Memes, and Jokes as Forms of Intimacy and Violence
Authors: Andreallo Fiona 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo further consider the ways Touch both enables and constrains bodies and ways of being, this chapter examines Touch as including forms of both intimacy and violence. Extending from the implicit understandings of selfies and memes as Touch (Chap.10.1007/978-3-030-94316-5_2) and the initial mapping of Touch (Chap.10.1007/978-3-030-94316-5_3), the PrettyGirlsUglyFaces meme (and the selfies that make up the meme) is used as an example to consider selfies and memes as intimacy and violence. Then, drawing on the fundamentals of Touch (Chap.10.1007/978-3-030-94316-5_3), I begin to plot a map of Touch, identifying how the example meme and selfies act as intimate connections that are positioned in a culture of violence. Central to this chapter is the identification of the joke’s importance to the positioning of visual conversations in social networks. As a form of Touch, the joke is identified as both enabling and constraining intimacy and violence. Examining memes and selfies as practices of connectivity and symbolic violence further recognises Touch for the ways it culturally both enables and constrains bodies and identifications.