bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical activation of SREBP1c andde novolipogenesis by hepatocyte-selective ACLY depletion in obese mice
Authors: Yenilmez Batuhan , Kelly Mark , Zhang Guofang , Wetoska Nicole , Ilkayeva Olga R. , Min Kyounghee , Rowland Leslie , DiMarzio Chloe , He Wentao , Raymond Naideline , Lifshitz Lawrence , Pan Meixia , Han Xianlin , Xie Jun , Friedline Randall H. , Kim Jason K. , Gao Guangping , Herman Mark A. , Newgard Christopher B. , Czech Michael P. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTHepatic steatosis associated with high fat diets, obesity and type 2 diabetes is thought to be the major driver of severe liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA), a central metabolite and substrate for de novo lipogenesis (DNL), is produced from citrate by ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) and from acetate through AcCoA synthase short chain family member 2 (ACSS2). However, the relative contributions of these two enzymes to hepatic AcCoA pools and DNL rates in response to high fat feeding is unknown. We report here that hepatocyte-selective depletion of either ACSS2 or ACLY caused similar 50% decreases in liver AcCoA levels in obese mice, showing that both pathways contribute to generation of this DNL substrate. Unexpectedly however, the hepatocyte ACLY depletion in obese mice paradoxically increased total DNL flux measured by D2O incorporation into palmitate, while in contrast ACSS2 depletion had no effect. The increase in liver DNL upon ACLY depletion was associated with increased expression of nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and of its target DNL enzymes. This upregulated DNL enzyme expression explains the increased rate of palmitate synthesis in ACLY depleted livers. Furthermore, this increased flux through DNL may also contribute to the observed depletion of AcCoA levels due to its increased conversion to Malonyl CoA (MalCoA) and palmitate. Together, these data indicate that in HFD fed obese mice, hepatic DNL is not limited by its immediate substrates AcCoA or MalCoA, but rather by activities of DNL enzymes.
Identification of BAHD acyltransferases associated with acylinositol biosynthesis inSolanum quitoense(naranjilla)
Authors: Leong Bryan J. , Hurney Steven , Fiesel Paul , Anthony Thilani M. , Moghe Gaurav , Jones A. Daniel , Last Robert L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlants make a variety of specialized metabolites that can mediate interactions with animals, microbes and competitor plants. Understanding how plants synthesize these compounds enables studies of their biological roles by manipulating their synthesisin vivoas well as producing themin vitro. Acylsugars are a group of protective metabolites that accumulate in the trichomes of many Solanaceae family plants. Acylinositol biosynthesis is of interest because it appears to be restricted to a subgroup of species within the Solanum genus. Previous work characterized a triacylinositol acetyltransferase involved in acylinositol biosynthesis in the Andean fruit plantSolanum quitoense(lulo or naranjillo). We characterized three additionalS. quitoensetrichome expressed enzymes, and found that virus induced gene silencing of each caused changes in acylinositol accumulation. Surprisingly, thein vitrotriacylinositol products of these enzymes are distinct from those that accumulatein planta. These enzymes, nonetheless, provide an opportunities to test the biological impact and properties of these triacylinositolsin vitro.
Regionally distinct trophoblast regulate barrier function and invasion in the human placenta
Authors: Marsh Bryan , Zhou Yan , Kapidzic Mirhan , Fisher Susan , Blelloch Robert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe human placenta contains two specialized regions: the villous chorion where gases and nutrients are exchanged between maternal and fetal blood, and the smooth chorion which surrounds more than 70% of the developing fetus but whose cellular composition and function is poorly understood. Here, we use single cell RNA sequencing to compare the cell types and molecular programs between these two regions in the second trimester human placenta. Each region consists of progenitor cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) with similar gene expression programs. While CTBs in the villous chorion differentiate into syncytiotrophoblasts, they take an alternative trajectory in the smooth chorion producing a previously unknown CTB population which we term smooth-chorion-specific CTBs (SC-CTBs). Marked by expression of region-specific cytokeratins, the SC-CTBs form a stratified epithelium above a basal layer of progenitor CTBs. They express epidermal and metabolic transcriptional programs consistent with a primary role in defense against physical stress and pathogens. Additionally, we show that SC-CTBs closely associate with EVTs and secrete factors that inhibit the migration of the EVTs. This restriction of EVT migration is in striking contrast to the villous region where EVTs migrate away from the chorion and invade deeply into the decidua. Together, these findings greatly expand our understanding of CTB differentiation in these distinct regions of the human placenta. This knowledge has broad implications for studies of the development, functions, and diseases of the human placenta.Impact StatementSingle cell RNA-sequencing of distinct regions of the human placenta identifies a smooth chorion-specific cytotrophoblast population responsible for unique functions of the smooth chorion, including acting as a barrier and restricting invasion.
Genomic insights into metabolic flux in ruby-throated hummingbirds
Authors: Gershman Ariel , Hauck Quinn , Dick Morag , Jamison Jerrica M. , Tassia Michael , Agirrezabala Xabier , Muhammad Saad , Ali Raafay , Workman Rachael E. , Valle Mikel , William Wong G. , Welch Kenneth C. , Timp Winston 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTHummingbirds are very well adapted to sustain efficient and rapid metabolic shifts. They oxidize ingested nectar to directly fuel flight when foraging but have to switch to oxidizing stored lipids derived from ingested sugars during the night or long-distance migratory flights. Understanding how this organism moderates energy turnover is hampered by a lack of information regarding how relevant enzymes differ in sequence, expression, and regulation. To explore these questions, we generated a chromosome level de novo genome assembly of the ruby-throated hummingbird (A. colubris) using a combination of long and short read sequencing and scaffolding using other existing assemblies. We then used hybrid long and short-read RNA-sequencing for a comprehensive transcriptome assembly and annotation. Our genomic and transcriptomic data found positive selection of key metabolic genes in nectivorous avian species and a deletion of critical genes (GLUT4, GCK) involved in glucostasis in other vertebrates. We found expression of fructose-specific GLUT5 putatively in place of insulin-sensitive GLUT4, with predicted protein models suggesting affinity for both fructose and glucose. Alternative isoforms may even act to sequester fructose to preclude limitations from transport in metabolism. Finally, we identified differentially expressed genes from fasted and fed hummingbirds suggesting key pathways for the rapid metabolic switch hummingbirds undergo.
Dynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic atlas of corticostriatal axon neurodevelopment
Authors: Dumrongprechachan V. , Salisbury R. B. , Butler L. , MacDonald M. L. , Kozorovitskiy Y. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTMammalian axonal development begins in embryonic stages and continues postnatally. After birth, axonal proteomic landscape changes rapidly, coordinated by transcription, protein turnover, and post-translational modifications. Comprehensive profiling of axonal proteomes across neurodevelopment is limited, with most studies lacking cell-type and neural circuit specificity, resulting in substantial information loss. We create a Cre-dependent APEX2 reporter mouse line and map cell-type specific proteome of corticostriatal projections across postnatal development. We synthesize analysis frameworks to define temporal patterns of axonal proteome and phosphoproteome, identifying co-regulated proteins and phosphorylations associated with genetic risk for human brain disorders. We discover proline-directed kinases as major developmental regulators. APEX2 transgenic reporter proximity labeling offers flexible strategies for subcellular proteomics with cell type specificity in early neurodevelopment, a critical period for neuropsychiatric disease.
Structural efficiency of block for aviation piston heavy fuel engine
Authors: Pan Zhongjian , He Qinghua , Yang Jing 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
High reliability and high power-to-weight ratio are the technical difficulties in the development of aviation piston heavy fuel engines. This paper aims to provide a design evaluation method of the aero piston engine block, which can help R&D personnel quickly evaluate the performance of engine block, including effective bearing capacity and fatigue deformation, save a lot of experimental time and shorten the R&D cycle.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, structural efficiency is used to evaluate the reliability and durability of the engine block. Structural efficiency is a new evaluation method that lists its corresponding connotation according to different objects. In this paper, the function of the engine block in the engine is explained in detail, and three quantifiable connotations of the structural efficiency of the engine block are put forward. In the subsequent calculation, the calculation is carried out according to the three indexes, and the calculation results are used as the indexes to evaluate the performance of the engine block.

Findings
The structural efficiency evaluation method proposed in this paper can quickly and effectively evaluate the performance of the block from many aspects. Under the same boundary conditions, the two design schemes are simulated and analyzed, and the durability test is carried out. The analysis and experimental results show that Scheme 2 has good performance, which verifies the feasibility of the evaluation method.

Originality/value
This paper provides a method for rapid evaluation of engine block performance.
Fractional order sliding mode control based on delayed output observer for unmanned aircraft system
Authors: Bist Ashutosh , Sondhi Swati 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to design the fractional order sliding mode controller for highly maneuverable remote piloted unmanned aircraft with time-varying delays.

Design/methodology/approach
With the assumption that the time-varying delays are bounded and identical for different outputs, an observer-based control technique is implied which reformulates the state variables based on the system model and delayed outputs. The estimated state variables are fed as feedback into the controller. Based on the delayed output observer, a fractional order sliding mode controller is designed. Further, the stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed and asymptotical convergence is realized using Lyapunov–Razumikhin theorem.

Findings
The simulation is done in Matlab and Simulink. The parametric variations and trajectory tracking results are illustrated which looks propitious.

Practical implications
In practical operation, measurement signal is often delayed, which significantly degrade the control performance or even disturb the stability. It is emphasized to choose attitude as the evaluation indicator for unmanned aerial vehicle time delay.

Originality/value
A novel fractional order sliding mode control technique is designed to enhance the trajectory tracking, thus autonomous flight performance, of the aircraft system. Also, the main idea behind this novel procedure is formulated for minimizing the parametric variations in presence of time delays.
Predicting SMEs performance through green supply chain practices: a mediation model link of business process performance
Authors: Ali Zulqurnain 
Published: March 2022

PurposeBecause of the emergence of technological development, firms (i.e. small and medium enterprises (SMEs)) adopt innovative cost-reduction strategies to improve their processes. Therefore, the adoption of green supply chain practices (GSCP) is critical for SMEs to enhance their business process performance (BPP). This paper aims to investigate how GSCP directly and indirectly (via BPP) influences firm manufacturing performance using the resource-based view as a theoretical base. This research also pursues to examine the mediation mechanism of BPP in the linkage between GSCP and SMEs performance in manufacturing SMEs.Design/methodology/approachUsing the survey method, the authors recruited 407 textile SMEs executives and validated the proposed model and relationships in AMOS.FindingsThe outcomes confirm that GSCPs are positively related to BPP and SME performance, and BPP significantly mediates the association between GSCP and SME performance.Practical implicationsThe outcomes help SME executives to minimize operational costs, save time and reduce wastage by implementing GSCP in their manufacturing processes. SME executives can improve their internal business processes for attaining the best firm performance.Social implicationsThis research provides a healthy workplace to employees by improving business processes performance, enhancing brand image, increasing employee morale and decreasing production wastage.Originality/valueThis research theoretically and empirically contributes to explore the impact of GSCP on textile SME performance, which was unexplored in strategic green supply chain and performance management literature. Furthermore, this is the first study that explores the mediation mechanism of BPP between GSCP and SMEs performance.
Comparative study on minimization of conduction and switching losses in cascaded multilevel inverter via reduced switches and equal voltage source-sharing
Authors: Batool Dania , Malik Qandeel , Muhammad Tila , Khan Adnan Umar , Kim Jonghoon 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Multilevel inverters play a major role in the development of high-power industrial applications. In traditional low-level inverters (e.g. 2-level), the switching frequency is restricted and the harmonic spectrum of the system is hard to meet power requirements. Similarly, high-level inverters consist of a large number of switches, complex modulation techniques and complex hardware architecture, which results in high power loss and a significant amount of harmonic distortion. Furthermore, it is a must to ensure that every switch experiences the same stress of voltage and current. The purpose of this paper is to present an inverter topology with lower conduction and switching losses via reduced number of switches and equal voltage source-sharing technique.

Design/methodology/approach
Herein, the authors present a cascaded multilevel inverter having less power switches, a simple modulation technique and an equal voltage source-sharing phenomenon implementation.

Findings
The modulation technique becomes more complex when equal voltage source-sharing is to be implemented. In this study, a novel topology for the multilevel inverter with fewer switches, novel modulation technique, equal voltage source-sharing and Inductor-Capacitor-Inductor filter implementation is demonstrated to the reduce harmonic spectrum and power losses of the proposed system.

Originality/value
The nine-level inverter design is validated using software simulations and hardware prototype testing; the power losses of the proposed inverter design are elaborated and compared with the traditional approach.
Benefits of business conference participation for Australian SME managers: a case study of a belt and road initiative conference
Authors: Djajadikerta Hadrian Geri , Ong Tricia , Ng Danny , Trireksani Terri 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to explore the benefits of participation in a topic-relevant business conference as a learning and professional development apparatus for senior managers of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It analyzes the experiences of 12 Australian SME senior managers who participated in a Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) business conference in Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through pre- and post-conference attendance interviews. Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick’s (2005) four levels framework was used to analyze the effectiveness of business conferences on the participants at four different levels of the framework: reaction, learning, behavior and results.

Findings
This study finds that the business conference has shown effectiveness for the participants at the reaction (Level 1), learning (Level 2) and behavior (Level 3), indicating that participation in a topic-relevant business conference is useful for the learning and professional development of SME managers. However, only a moderate level of results (Level 4) was identified from attending the BRI conference, which implies that the content and quality of the business conference may influence the achievement of expected results.

Originality/value
This paper contributes a new understanding of the benefits of topic-relevant business conference participation as a learning and professional development apparatus for SME senior managers.
Sustainability in hospitality and tourism: a review of key research topics from 1994 to 2020
Authors: Molina-Collado Arturo , Santos-Vijande María Leticia , Gómez-Rico Mar , Madera Juan M. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the scientific research related to sustainability in hospitality and tourism from 1994 to 2020 by conducting bibliometric and science mapping analyses and to discuss the implications for prospective research opportunities.Design/methodology/approachKeyword co-occurrences with 2,980 published papers collected from the Web of Science (Social Science Citation Index and Emerging Sources Citation Index) were used for the bibliometric-based analysis. The authors use SciMAT software which offers relevant outputs, such as research themes and graphical outputs (strategic diagrams, cluster networks and science mapping representing the temporal evolution of the themes).FindingsThe findings show that biodiversity conservation, sustainable attitudes, climate change, protected areas, satisfaction and environmental management were the focal motor-themes in the studied periods. Additionally, four areas for future investigation are identified and discussed: sustainable behavior and environmental sustainability; consumption, demand and economic growth; tourism development and strategies; and rural tourism, poverty, ethics and education.Research limitations/implicationsThis analysis shows insightful results processing a high number of published documents. However, the authors recommend further research focused on qualitative literature review for each critical topic.Originality/valueThe authors are unaware of analogous, completed and recent work about sustainability in hospitality and tourism. The authors believe this article is of great value to academics and practitioners because it synthesizes and disseminates the research topic while providing an outstanding basis for identifying research opportunities.
Linking transformational leadership with job satisfaction: the mediating roles of trust and team cohesiveness
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Yuliana Indah 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the roles of trust and team cohesiveness as mediating variables to transmit the effect of transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a quantitative approach with 405 respondents as the samples. The respondents are teachers and staff of schools in East Java, Indonesia. The data are analyzed using partial least square (PLS).FindingsTrust and team cohesiveness fully mediate the relationship between idealized influences on job satisfaction. Besides, idealized influence, inspirational motivation and individualized consideration directly affect job satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe relationship between transformational leadership and employee job satisfaction in educational institutions has been rarely explored. The study contributes to the literature on the role of trust and team cohesiveness in transmitting the effect of transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction of school employees.Practical implicationsTo increase employee job satisfaction at schools, principals need to be highly concerned about trust in the leader–follower relationship. Therefore, principals are responsible for responding to the followers' needs and aspirations and caring for followers.Originality/valueThe significance of the result findings lies in the detailed model that transmits the direct and indirect effect of the transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction.
“There is no place like my mall”: consumer reactions to the absence of mall experiences
Authors: Vilnai-Yavetz Iris , Gilboa Shaked , Mitchell Vincent 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
How can the situation of shoppers staying at home and being unable to experience malls prepare retailers for the new marketplace? The COVID-19 lockdown provides a unique opportunity to examine the value of mall experiences to shoppers. This study aims to suggest a new mall experiences loss (MEXLOSS) model for assessing the importance of mall experiences as the foundation of any future strategy for attracting shoppers back to the mall.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 498 British shoppers completed an online survey during the May 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Findings
When the exchanges of resources manifested in mall experiences are absent, the perceived difficulty of substituting an experience increases shoppers’ longing for the experience, which in turn increases both willingness to pay and mall loyalty but decreases well-being. Using a conceptualization of four types of mall experiences, i.e. functional, seductive, recreational and social, the functional and recreational experiences are shown to be the most valuable.

Practical implications
In the new more careful service marketplace, shoppers’ preferences are increasingly oriented toward health, safety, sustainability, collaboration and digitalization. To improve their resilience and attractiveness, malls need to adjust their layout, retail mix, digitalization, activities and connectivity according to these trends and to the characteristics of each mall experience.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to place a financial value on mall experiences and to use the absence of those experiences to assess their general and relative importance. The findings challenge previous assumptions about the superiority of online shopping and the decreasing attractiveness of malls.