bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of perceived stress on the human microbiome
Authors: Almand Austin T. , Anderson Allison P. , Hitt Brianna D. , Sitko John C. , Joy Rebekah M. , Easter Benjamin D. , Almand Erin A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective
Microbial dysbiosis, a shift from commensal to pathogenic microbiota, is often associated with mental health and the gut–brain axis, where dysbiosis in the gut may be linked to dysfunction in the brain. Many studies focus on dysbiosis induced by clinical events or traumatic incidents; however, many professions in austere or demanding environments may encounter continuously compounded stressors. This study seeks to explore the relationship between microbial populations and stress, both perceived and biochemical.

Results
Eight individuals enrolled in the study to provide a longitudinal assessment of the impact of stress on gut health, with four individuals providing enough samples for analysis. Eleven core microbial genera were identified, although the relative abundance of these genera and other members of the microbial population shifted over time. Although our results indicate a potential relationship between perceived stress and microbial composition of the gut, no association with biochemical stress was observed. Increases in perceived stress seem to elucidate a change in potentially beneficial Bacteroides, with a loss in Firmicutes phyla. This shift occurred in multiple individuals, whereas using cortisol as a stress biomarker showed contradictory responses. These preliminary data provide a potential mechanism for gut monitoring, while identifying targets for downstream modulation.
Tomoelastography based on multifrequency MR elastography predicts liver function reserve in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study
Authors: Lin Huimin , Wang Yihuan , Zhou Jiahao , Yang Yuchen , Xu Xinxin , Ma Di , Chen Yongjun , Yang Chunxue , Sack Ingolf , Guo Jing , Li Ruokun , Yan Fuhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEstimating liver function reserve is essential for preoperative surgical planning and predicting post-hepatectomy complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated hepatic viscoelasticity quantified by tomoelastography, a multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography technique, to predict liver function reserve.MethodsOne hundred fifty-six patients with suspected HCC (mean age, 60 ± 1 years; 131 men) underwent preoperative tomoelastography examination between July 2020 and August 2021. Sixty-nine were included in the final analysis, and their 15-min indocyanine green retention rates (ICG-R15s) were obtained to determine liver function reserve. Tomoelastography quantified the shear wave speed (c, m/s), which represents stiffness, and loss angle (φ, rad), which represents fluidity. Both were correlated with the ICG-R15. A prediction model based on logistic regression for major hepatectomy tolerance (ICG-R15 ≥ 14%) was established.ResultsPatients were assigned to either the ICG-R15 < 14% (n = 50) or ICG-R15 ≥ 14% (n = 19) group. Liverc(r = 0.617) andφ(r = 0.517) were positively correlated with the ICG-R15 (bothp < 0.001). At fibrosis stages F1–2,φwas positively correlated with the ICG-R15 (r = 0.528;p = 0.017), butcwas not (p = 0.104). At stages F3–4,c(r = 0.642;p < 0.001) andφ(r = 0.377;p = 0.008) were both positively correlated with the ICG-R15. The optimal cutoffs ofcandφfor predicting ICG-R15 ≥ 14% were 2.04 m/s and 0.79 rad, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was higher forc(0.892) than forφ(0.779;p = 0.045).ConclusionsLiver stiffness and fluidity, quantified by tomoelastography, were correlated with liver function and may be used clinically to noninvasively assess liver function reserve and stratify treatments.
Research status and future prospects of extracellular vesicles in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Zhao Jingwen , An Qi , Zhu Xueqing , Yang Baoqi , Gao Xinnan , Niu Yuhu , Zhang Liyun , Xu Ke , Ma Dan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrimary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a diffuse connective tissue disease characterized by the invasion of exocrine glands such as lacrimal and salivary glands, abnormal proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, and infiltration of tissue lymphocytes. With the development of modern medicine, although research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pSS has made significant progress, its pathogenesis has not been fully understood. Meanwhile, in the era of individualized treatment, it remains essential to further explore early diagnosis and treatment methods. Exosomes, small vesicles containing proteins and nucleic acids, are a subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells and present in various body fluids. Exosomes contribute to a variety of biological functions, including intercellular signal transduction and pathophysiological processes, and may play a role in immune tolerance. Therefore, exosomes are key to understanding the pathogenesis of diseases. Exosomes can also be used as a therapeutic tool for pSS because of their biodegradability, low immunogenicity and toxicity, and the ability to bypass the blood–brain barrier, implying the prospect of a broad application in the context of pSS. Here, we systematically review the isolation, identification, tracing, and mode of action of extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, as well as the research progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pSS.
Improving galegine production in transformed hairy roots of Galega officinalis L. via elicitation
Authors: Khezri Maryam , Asghari Zakaria Rasool , Zare Nasser , Johari-Ahar Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGalega officinalis L. is an herbaceous legume used to treat symptoms associated with hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus because of its dominant alkaloid, galegine. In this study, we induced hairy roots in this plant using Rhizobium rhizogenes strain A4, and investigated the effect of type, concentration, and duration of elicitor application on galegine content and some phytochemical characteristics in the hairy roots. Hence, the best growing hairy root line in terms of growth rate was selected and subcultured for treatment with elicitors. Then, at the end of the log phase of growth, chitosan (100, 200, and 400 mg/L), salicylic acid (100, 200, and 300 mM), and ultrasound (1, 2, and 4 min) were applied to hairy roots culture medium. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that the content of galegine was significantly increased after elicitation compared with the control. Thus, the highest content of galegine (14.55 mg/g FW) was obtained 2 days after elicitation when ultrasonic waves were applied to the hairy root culture medium for 4 min. Also, elicitation resulted in a significant increase in the content of total phenol, flavonoid, H2O2 and MDA compared with the control. So that the highest total flavonoid content was obtained in hairy roots that were treated with ultrasonic waves for 4 min and harvested 2 days after elicitation; while, application of 400 mg/L chitosan for 4 days resulted in the highest total phenol (16.84 mg/g FW).
Graphical Abstract
Histone deacetylase 3 facilitates TNFα-mediated NF-κB activation through suppressing CTSB induced RIP1 degradation and is required for host defense against bacterial infection
Authors: Yang Liping , Chen Shengchuan , Xia Jingyan , Zhou Ying , Peng Linan , Fan Huimin , Han Yu , Duan Lihua , Cheng Genhong , Yang Heng , Xu Feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
As important enzymes regulating acetylation, histone deacetylases (HDACs) participate in a series of cell physiological process. However, the mechanisms responsible for individual HDAC family members in regulating innate immunity remained to be elucidated. Here we sought to reveal the mechanism of HDAC3 in regulating the inflammatory response of macrophages.

Methods
RNAseq was done to detect the transcriptional influence of HDAC3 on macrophages. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was used to reveal the change of signaling pathways after HDAC3 knockout. CHIPseq was done to detect the deacetylation modification of HDAC3 on chromosome. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR were used to measure the change of genes and proteins’ levels. Mice were intratracheal instillation with lipopolysaccharide or Pseudomonas aeruginosa to determine the influence of HDAC3 on inflammatory response in vivo.

Results
HDAC3-deficient macrophages had increased expression of cathepsins resulting from elevated histone acetylation. Over-expressed cathepsins such as cathepsin B (CTSB) caused remarkable degradation of receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIP1), which reduced TNFα mediated NF-κB activation and inflammatory response. Consistently, mice with macrophage specific knockout of HDAC3 were impaired in inflammatory response and thereby susceptible to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Conclusion
HDAC3 was required for protecting RIP1 from degrading by CTSB in macrophages. Decreased RIP1 in HDAC3 knockout macrophages impaired TNFα mediated NF-κB activation. Our studies uncovered important roles of HDAC3 in the regulation of cathepsin-mediated lysosomal degradation and RIP1-mediated inflammatory response in macrophages as well as in host defense against bacterial infection.
The phosphorylation to acetylation/methylation cascade in transcriptional regulation: how kinases regulate transcriptional activities of DNA/histone-modifying enzymes
Authors: Zhao Pin , Malik Samiullah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTranscription factors directly regulate gene expression by recognizing and binding to specific DNA sequences, involving the dynamic alterations of chromatin structure and the formation of a complex with different kinds of cofactors, like DNA/histone modifying-enzymes, chromatin remodeling factors, and cell cycle factors. Despite the significance of transcription factors, it remains unclear to determine how these cofactors are regulated to cooperate with transcription factors, especially DNA/histone modifying-enzymes. It has been known that DNA/histone modifying-enzymes are regulated by post-translational modifications. And the most common and important modification is phosphorylation. Even though various DNA/histone modifying-enzymes have been classified and partly explained how phosphorylated sites of these enzymes function characteristically in recent studies. It still needs to find out the relationship between phosphorylation of these enzymes and the diseases-associated transcriptional regulation. Here this review describes how phosphorylation affects the transcription activity of these enzymes and other functions, including protein stability, subcellular localization, binding to chromatin, and interaction with other proteins.
Party keepers: a significant community-based intervention for harm reduction
Authors: Zucker Roy , Mor Zohar , Abudin Anuar , Davis Glen , Arroyo Hansel , Wagner Kolasko Gal , Arad Dan , Shilo Guy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Gay men use recreational drugs more often than heterosexuals—especially at social events. While partying at a venue, partygoers are at risk of drug overdosing, without access to an emergency help. This study evaluates a unique and novel intervention aimed at training men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender individuals who frequent parties, to provide immediate assistance on-site to partygoers who have overdosed.

Methods
The Party Keepers (PK) course is a unique 4-h training course that provides the participants with tools to identify, prevent, and treat common medical syndromes that are associated with excessive substance use. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire on their sociodemographic attributes; their sexual risk behaviour; pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use and drug-use behaviour before and after the course; and the emergency situations they encountered in party venues after the course.

Results
Of the 85 participants who completed the training and left valid contact information, 52 (62%) completed the questionnaires. Their average age was 37.0 years, most lived in Tel-Aviv, and were single. Participants reported that, after the course, they reduced their own use of recreational drugs (cocaine, amyl nitrates, alcohol), reduced their sexual risk behaviours, and significantly increased their use of PrEP. Of all the PKs, 63% (N = 32) indicated that they now provided first-aid and other assistance to partygoers at public venues, which enhanced their sense of community responsibility. In the multivariate analysis, a high level of confidence as a PK, and the knowledge gained in the course, predicted the incidence of subsequent assistance to partygoers in emergency situations.

Conclusions
The PK initiative—a harm-reduction intervention led by peers, aimed at fighting drug overdosing at gay venues—was useful in reducing drug use and sexual risk behaviours among the course participants. Most course participants also responded to drug-related emergency situations at gay parties, as a result. This evaluation of community health intervention within a sexual minority community can help health policy makers design more community based interventions and allocate resources to include community participants in harm-reduction policies.
Defective mitophagy and the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zeng Kuan , Yu Xuan , Mahaman Yacoubou Abdoul Razak , Wang Jian-Zhi , Liu Rong , Li Yi , Wang Xiaochuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccumulation of impaired mitochondria and energy metabolism disorders are non-negligible features of both aging and age-related neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A growing number of studies suggest that mitophagy disorders play an important role in AD occurrence and development. The interaction between mitophagy deficits and Aβ or Tau pathology may form a vicious cycle and cause neuronal damage and death. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of mitophagy and its role in AD may provide insights into the etiology and mechanisms of AD. Defective mitophagy is a potential target for AD prevention and treatment.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Inheritance and promotion of chinese traditional music culture in college piano education
Authors: Lu Dong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to study the issues of inheritance and promotion of Chinese traditional music culture in college piano education. The research methodology builds on an empirical approach through a survey using a questionnaire for data collection. The present study involved 174 students from six Chinese colleges. Accordingly, students were divided into two groups based on the training approach. The experimental group included 87 students who received education under the previously elaborated program aimed at promoting Chinese traditional music culture; and the control group consisted of 87 students who received piano training under the conventional program. The results showed that for only 8% of the respondents the use of traditional Chinese music is the basis of learning, for 61% this type of music is practically not used. 88% of teachers concluded that there is a need to use Chinese traditional music in education because it displays elements that convey the symbolism of the Chinese people. The teaching criteria were to inform students about the need to apply Chinese national music while playing the piano; to introduce folk compositions for practicing technical elements into instruction; to update the repertoire and build students’ interest. Training based on the aforementioned criteria demonstrated that traditional music has become more popular. In particular, many students in the experimental group began to use this type of music while creating videos and shows (29%), participating in competitions and concerts (25%), and arranging musical compositions (21%). In the control group, students used folk music only while listening to musical compositions in their free time (57%) and teaching private piano lessons (11%). The present study has scientific and practical value as it demonstrates the effectiveness of promoting national music in educational institutions.
Patient experiences with patient-reported outcome measures in metastatic breast cancer trials: qualitative interviews
Authors: Romano Carla , Harris Nimanee , Gnanasakthy Ari , D’Alessio Denise , Chandiwana David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are critical for assessing treatment benefit of anticancer treatments. Although PRO measures have been developed with the intention of capturing patient-centric concepts, a gap exists in understanding the patient experience with these tools. We characterized the experience of patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) with PRO measures in an oncology clinical trial setting to determine the importance, relevance, barriers, and facilitators for PRO completion.

Methods
The multicenter, qualitative design included semistructured interviews with 18 women with mBC who completed PRO measures in a clinical trial setting within 1 year of screening. Interviews began with concept elicitation to understand symptom characterization, decision to participate in a clinical trial, pre-trial expectations, and thoughts on study-related questionnaires. Cognitive debriefing was conducted to determine if items in a commonly used PRO instrument were relevant to the patient experience. Qualitative data were analyzed using a constant comparative approach.

Results
Participants described the need for detailed explanation of PRO measures at study start, including information about how the PRO data will likely be used to support drug development. Respondents who felt connected to clinical trial research were more likely to feel as if the measures adequately captured their experiences. Items that were deemed irrelevant or out of date to the patient experience may cause a respondent to feel marginalized and adds to the overall burden of PRO measure completion. Mode of PRO measure administration (electronic/paper) was important to some, but placement of the instrument completion within a study visit appeared to influence respondent willingness to fully engage with the measures. A lack of any type of feedback loop to allow respondents to learn from the captured PRO data was noted as important but missing from the patient experience.

Conclusions
PRO measures need to include content that is relevant to the patient experience over the course of the clinical trial period to be considered meaningful to respondents, and administration techniques also impact engagement. Robust communication strategies that socialize the intent, use, and results of PRO data may enrich the patient experience and support greater adherence to PRO completion in future studies.
Expected a posteriori scoring in PROMIS®
Authors: Chapman Robert 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System®(PROMIS®) was developed to reliably measure health-related quality of life using the patient’s voice. To achieve these aims, PROMIS utilized Item Response Theory methods in its development, validation and implementation. PROMIS measures are typically scored using a specific method to calculate scores, called Expected A Posteriori estimation.BodyExpected A Posteriori scoring methods are flexible, produce accurate scores and can be efficiently calculated by statistical software. This work seeks to make Expected A Posteriori scoring methods transparent and accessible to a larger audience through description, graphical demonstration and examples. Further applications and practical considerations of Expected A Posteriori scoring are presented and discussed. All materials used in this paper are made available through the R Markdown reproducibility framework and are intended to be reviewed and reused. Commented statistical code for the calculation of Expected A Posteriori scores is included.ConclusionThis work seeks to provide the reader with a summary and visualization of the operation of Expected A Posteriori scoring, as implemented in PROMIS. As PROMIS is increasingly adopted and implemented, this work will provide a basis for making psychometric methods more accessible to the PROMIS user base.
Design and evaluation of a multi-level reactive power market
Authors: Bozionek Jan , Wolgast Thomas , Nieße Astrid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe shift from conventional power plants on transmission level to distributed energy resources in the distribution grids requires procedures to enable efficient and economic reactive power exchange across different voltage levels. In this paper, we propose a multi-level reactive power market that enables reactive power provision from distributed energy resources to higher voltage levels. Each grid operator operates a local reactive power market and offers local reactive power potential, as an intermediary, to superordinate grid operators by passing on its aggregated cost curve and flexibility range. As a result, there is a low requirement of communication between the market participants and each grid operator is free to choose its local market rules as well as the optimization algorithm used. First results from a case study show that our decentralized market approach can realize an economically efficient multi-level reactive power provision that is close to a centrally computed optimal solution, without violating local grid constraints.
Does the implementation of clinical practice guidelines for low back and neck pain by physical therapists improve patient outcomes? A systematic review
Authors: Fillipo Rebecca , Pruka Katie , Carvalho Marissa , Horn Maggie E. , Moore Jordan , Ramger Benjamin , Clewley Derek 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Physical therapy for neck and low back pain is highly variable despite the availability of clinical practice guidelines (CPG). This review aimed to determine the impact of CPG implementation on patient-level outcomes for spinal pain. Implementation strategies were also examined to determine prevalence and potential impact.

Methods
Multiple databases were searched through April 2021 for studies assessing CPG implementation in physical therapy for neck and low back pain. Articles were screened for eligibility. The Modified Downs and Black checklist was utilized to determine study quality. Due to the heterogeneity between studies, a meta-analysis was not performed.

Results
Twenty-one studies were included in this review. Implementation strategies were significantly varied between studies. Outcomes pertaining to healthcare utilization, pain, and physical functioning were assessed in relation to the implementation of CPGs. Multiple implementation strategies were identified, with Managing Quality as the most frequently utilized key implementation process. Findings indicate CPG implementation decreased healthcare utilization, but inconsistent results were found with physical functioning and pain outcomes.

Conclusions
CPG implementation appears to have a beneficial effect on healthcare utilization outcomes, but may not impact pain and physical functioning outcomes. Effective CPG implementation strategies remain unknown, though utilizing implementation framework may improve outcomes. More research is needed to determine the most effective implementation strategies and effects on pain and physical function outcomes.