bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple primary melanoma in association with other personal and familial cancers
Authors: Yang Xi , Karapetyan Lilit , Huang Ziyu , Knight Andrew D. , Rajendran Sneha , Sander Cindy , Minnier Christopher P. , Wilson Melissa J. , Kirkwood John M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple primary melanoma (MPM) is known to be associated with familial melanoma. However, the association between MPM and other personal and familial cancers is not well documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between MPM and personal history of other cancers or cancer history among first‐degree relatives (FDRs).MethodsWe performed a retrospective case–control study including cases with gender‐matched MPM and single primary melanoma (SPM) at a 1:2 ratio from the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Melanoma Center Biological Sample and Nevus Bank. The associations between MPM and other cancers were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsIn total, 378 patients (44.2% men; median age 52 years) were enrolled, including 252 with SPM and 126 with MPM. In comparison to patients with SPM, patients with MPM were more likely to have squamous cell carcinoma (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001–3.79, p = 0.047) and prostate cancer (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.07–7.01, p = 0.034). FDRs of patients with MPM had higher prevalence of melanoma (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.31–4.28, p = 0.004) and prostate cancer (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.47–6.14, p = 0.002) but not other cancers. In multivariable analysis, the association remained significant between MPM and squamous cell carcinoma (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.08–4.39, p = 0.028), prostate cancer (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.09–7.54, p = 0.032), FDR history of melanoma (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.31–4.29, p = 0.004), and FDR history of prostate cancer (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.59–6.83, p = 0.001).ConclusionsPatients with MPM have a higher prevalence of personal and FDR histories of nonmelanoma skin cancers and prostate cancer.
Phosphoenolpyruvate Mutase‐Catalyzed C−P Bond Formation: Mechanistic Ambiguities and Opportunities
Authors: Ramos‐Figueroa Josseline S. , Palmer David R. J. , Horsman Geoff P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhosphonates are produced across all domains of life and used widely in medicine and agriculture. Biosynthesis almost universally originates from the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate mutase (Ppm), EC 5.4.2.9, which catalyzes O−P bond cleavage in phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and forms a high energy C−P bond in phosphonopyruvate (PnPy). Mechanistic scrutiny of this unusual intramolecular O‐to‐C phosphoryl transfer began with the discovery of Ppm in 1988 and concluded in 2008 with computational evidence supporting a concerted phosphoryl transfer via a dissociative metaphosphate‐like transition state. This mechanism deviates from the standard ‘in‐line attack’ paradigm for enzymatic phosphoryl transfer that typically involves a phosphoryl‐enzyme intermediate, but definitive evidence is sparse. Here we review the experimental evidence leading to our current mechanistic understanding and highlight the roles of previously underappreciated conserved active site residues. We then identify remaining opportunities to evaluate overlooked residues and unexamined substrates/inhibitors.
Asymptomatic mesh infection 6 years after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: A rare case report
Authors: Li Zhiwang , Zeng Haijing , Liu Yuping , Wu Zuguang , Li En 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis report aims to discuss a case of asymptomatic mesh infection 6 years after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair and to reveal that the risk of mesh infection may occur after a long period of this surgery. This report is also intended to suggest surgeons pay more attention to the follow‐up of such patients and to be aware of the possibility of mesh infection to assist in early diagnosis and treatment. A 63‐year‐old male patient, who underwent TEP inguinal hernia repair 6 years ago for right inguinal hernia, fell down accidentally 2 weeks ago. Enhanced computed tomography(CT) showed right lower abdomen cystic lesions, so he underwent laparoscopic surgery during which abscess caused by delayed mesh infection was found. After removing the mesh and abscess, he was discharged. The risk of mesh infection after TEP inguinal hernia repair is low, but it can last for more than 6 years and can even be asymptomatic as long as the mesh remains in the body.
Intermittent chronic telogen effluvium with an unusual dermoscopic finding following COVID‐19
Authors: Saki Nasrin , Aslani Fatemeh Sari , Sepaskhah Mozhdeh , Shafiei Mohadese , Alavizadeh Sara , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Asl Fatemeh Ansari , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVarious conditions, including infections, can cause telogen effluvium (TE). One of them is coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), where hair loss usually begins between 2 and 12 weeks after the illness. TE can be acute or chronic, and the chronic type can be intermittent. Here, we present the case of a 17‐year‐old girl with severe and widespread hair loss following an upper respiratory infection suspected to be COVID‐19, with the patient having a history of such attacks since childhood. Evidence from biopsy and dermoscopy indicated a diagnosis of TE.
Successful treatment of suspect Babesia‐induced ARDS in a dog using lung‐protective positive‐pressure ventilation and neuromuscular blockade
Authors: DeStefano Ian M. , Wayne Annie S. , Cudney Sarah E. , Rozanski Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA mixed breed dog was treated for severe hemolytic anemia secondary to Babesia canis infection. Within 14 hours of hospitalization, the dog developed respiratory distress and hypoxemia. The patient improved with lung‐protective mechanical ventilation and neuromuscular blockade. The dog survived to discharge and was reportedly healthy at three‐month follow‐up.
Performance Evaluation of a Vertical Radial Flow Adsorber Based on Binary Adsorption of CO2 and H2O
Authors: Xu Pan , Wen Jian , Huang Weixuan , Xin Biping , Wang Simin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA mathematical model of binary adsorption of CO2 and H2O is established to investigate the adsorption process of a vertical radial flow adsorber (VRFA). The competitive adsorption laws of CO2 and H2O in the VRFA are analyzed, the relationships between various indexes of adsorption performance are quantitatively compared, and the fitting correlation reflecting the adsorption performance is obtained. The results indicate that the main affecting parameters of flow uniformity and adsorption time are different, so it is inappropriate to only use the flow uniformity as the unique index of adsorption performance. The fitting correlation of adsorption time is obtained by central composite Design (CCD) and Kriging methods with a fitting degree of 99.1 %, which can be used to guide the design of the VRFA.
Fusion of Aza‐ and Oxadiborepins with Furans in a Reversible Ring‐Opening Process Furnishes Versatile Building Blocks for Extended π‐Conjugated Materials
Authors: Bachmann Jonas , Helbig Andreas , Crumbach Merian , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger , Helten Holger 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA modular synthesis of both difurooxa‐ and difuroazadiborepins from a common precursor is demonstrated. Starting from 2,2′‐bifuran, after protection of the positions 5 and 5’ with bulky silyl groups, formation of the novel polycycles proceeds through opening of the furan rings to a dialkyne and subsequent re‐cyclization in the borylation step. The resulting bifuran‐fused diborepins show pronounced stability, highly planar tricyclic structures, and intense blue light emission. Deprotection and transformation into dibrominated building blocks that can be incorporated into π‐extended materials can be performed in one step. Detailed DFT calculations provide information about the aromaticity of the constituent rings of this polycycle.
In situ X‐ray Scattering of the Crystallisation of Basic Magnesium Chlorides using a Laboratory Instrument
Authors: Pickering Katie S. , Huband Steven , Shafran Kirill L. , Walton Richard I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate a method for in situ monitoring of the crystallisation of basic magnesium chlorides using a laboratory‐based SAXS (small angle X‐ray scattering)/ WAXS (wide angle X‐ray scattering) instrument. By simultaneous acquisition of SAXS/WAXS, time‐resolved particle size and phase evolution information was obtained from room temperature to 120 °C. The WAXS data were analysed using two‐phase Rietveld refinements, to produce crystallisation curves. From Avrami‐type kinetic analysis two competing mechanistic processes were proposed for the formation of Mg3Cl(OH)5 ⋅ 4 H2O with a nucleation‐type mechanism extending further into the reaction with increased temperature. When comparing SAXS and WAXS, an offset between the consumption of MgO and the reduction of the sphere contribution to the SAXS scattering is observed. This is rationalised by the formation of an amorphous Mg(OH)2 layer on the MgO particle surface. Although laboratory‐based SAXS/WAXS instruments have limitations compared to synchrotron‐based sources, we have demonstrated how they can provide new insights into the formation of materials.
Hepatitis C infection and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma—To treat or not to treat?
Authors: Jalal Prasun K. 
Published: August 2022

Targeting hepatitis C virus early in the course with currently available highly effective and safe direct acting antivirals is an underutilized strategy to treat patients with active hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Achieving sustained viral response, in addition to systemic and locoregional therapies for advanced stages of HCC may improve the outcome, including hepatic decompensation.
Patterns of use and outcomes of peripherally inserted central catheters in hospitalized patients with solid tumors: A multicenter study
Authors: Mitbander Urvashi B. , Geer Marcus J. , Taxbro Knut , Horowitz Jennifer K. , Zhang Qisu , O'Malley Megan E. , Ramnath Nithya , Chopra Vineet 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe risk of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)‐related complications in patients hospitalized with solid tumors remains unclear. Existing studies are limited by single‐center, outpatient designs and include heterogenous patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was designed and included adult patients with solid organ cancers who were admitted to a general medicine ward or intensive care unit and received a PICC. Data were collected from November 2013 to December 2019 at 50 Michigan hospitals. Major complications were defined as central line–associated bloodstream infection, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and catheter occlusion. Hospital variation in PICC use and outcomes was examined.ResultsData included 3235 hospitalized patients with solid tumors who had PICCs placed for 51,047 catheter days. Most catheters were double‐lumen devices (57.0%). Notably, 17.5% of patients had another central venous catheter at the time of PICC insertion. The most common indications for PICC use were antibiotics (34.5%) and difficult access or blood draws (21.6%); chemotherapy was the primary indication in only 15.7% of patients. A major PICC‐related complication occurred in 491 patients (15.2%); catheter occlusion was the most prevalent complication (n = 322; 10.0%) followed by deep vein thrombosis (n = 116; 3.6%), central line–associated bloodstream infection (n = 82; 2.5%), and pulmonary embolism (n = 20; 0.6%). Significant variation in indications for PICC use, device characteristics, and frequency of major complications across hospitals was observed (p < .001).ConclusionsPICCs were associated with significant complications in hospitalized patients who had solid malignancies and were often used for reasons other than chemotherapy. Policies and guidance for the appropriate use of PICCs in oncologic patients appear necessary.Lay summary

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are devices placed in peripheral veins to deliver medication to large veins near the heart.

PICCs are used frequently in oncology.

The objective of this report was to describe PICC‐associated complications in hospitalized patients with solid tumors.

This study was performed across 50 Michigan hospitals and included 3235 patients with solid tumor cancers and who had a PICC.

Overall, 15.2% of patients experienced a complication, including central line‐associated bloodstream infections, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or catheter occlusion.

Complication rates varied across hospitals.

PICCs are associated with substantial complications in hospitalized patients with solid tumors.
Association between transfusion status and clinical and economic outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes from the physicians' perspective
Authors: Gupta Shaloo , Kulasekararaj Austin G. , Costantino Halley , Grisolano Jay , Tang Jackson , Jones Shalon , Tang Derek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe current study investigated physicians' understanding of the impact of transfusion status (TS) on clinical and economic outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).Materials & Methods378 physicians primarily specializing in hematology/oncology across five European countries completed the survey. The survey asked physicians for their perspectives on the impact of TS on risk of death, risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chance of leukemia‐free survival, and number of significant bleeding events, infection events, hospitalizations, and emergency room (ER) visits.ResultsPhysicians estimated that compared to transfusion‐dependent (TD) patients, transfusion‐independent (TI) patients had a 37.6% reduced risk of death, lower risk of progression to AML, and lower risk of non‐leukemic death, for all MDS risk levels. TD patients who became TI after treatment were estimated to have 40.6% reduced risk of death and 34% reduced risk of progression to AML, compared to TD patients who remained TD.ConclusionsCompared with TD patients, physicians estimated that TI patients have fewer events of infection and significant bleeding, and experience fewer hospitalizations and ER visits per person per year. Overall, physicians reported better outcomes for TI patients. New treatment options for patients with MDS to reduce or eliminate transfusion burden are warranted.
Effective Photosensitization in Excited‐State Equilibrium: Brilliant Luminescence of TbIII Coordination Polymers Through Ancillary Ligand Modifications
Authors: Kitagawa Yuichi , Moriake Ryoma , Akama Tomoko , Saito Koki , Aikawa Kota , Shoji Sunao , Fushimi Koji , Kobayashi Masato , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Hasegawa Yasuchika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover are the collaborating groups of Yuichi Kitagawa, Yasuchika Hasegawa, Tetsuya Taketsugu, and co‐workers at Hokkaido University. The cover picture shows a photosensitizer that has a long excited‐state lifetime and provides strong emissions for TbIII coordination polymers. The photosensitization ability can be considerably altered by changing the ancillary ligands in the TbIII coordination polymers. The results provide new insights on the design of photosensitizers for improving the properties of photo‐functional materials. More information can be found in the Research Article by Y. Kitagawa, Y. Hasegawa, and co‐workers.
Electron Microscopy of Cells Grown on Polyacrylamide Hydrogels
Authors: Helmprobst Frederik , Hupfer Anna , Lauth Matthias , Pagenstecher Axel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe composition of the cell culture environment profoundly affects cultured cells. Standard cell culture equipment such as plastic and glass provide extremely stiff surfaces compared to physiological cell environments (i.e., tissue). A growing body of evidence documents the artificial behavior and morphology of cells cultured on supraphysiologically stiff surfaces, such as glass (elastic modulus ca. 70,000 MPA) or plastic (e.g., polystyrol ca. 3300 MPA). Therefore, polymer‐based hydrogels are increasingly employed as more physiologically appropriate (<100 kPA) supports for 2D or 3D culture. Since multiple properties that influence the cultured cells may be easily adjusted, hydrogels have become versatile tools for studying cells in a more native in vitro environment. Polyacrylamide‐based hydrogels can be used as culture substrates for a broad variety of adherent cells and are easy to handle in most downstream biological assays, such as immunohistochemistry or molecular biology methods. We faced, however, serious difficulties with processing high stiffness polyacrylamide‐based hydrogels for electron microscopy. To overcome this problem, we developed a simple protocol for embedding and processing cells grown on high stiffness polyacrylamide hydrogels that do not require modifications of routine embedding protocols. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Embedding of polyacrylamide‐based hydrogels for transmission electron microscopyAlternate Protocol 1: Procedure for detached hydrogelsAlternate Protocol 2: Procedure for attached hydrogels
Regrowth of brachiariagrasses as related to stubble characteristics under N fertilization and irrigation
Authors: Lara Márcio A. S. , Silva Valdson J. , Pedreira Carlos G. S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeasonal and annual changes in stubble characteristics can affect the regrowth of warm‐season perennial grasses. Understanding these changes and their effects on forage accumulation rate (FAR) can improve defoliation management. Our objective was to describe and relate variations in stubble characteristics with FAR during regrowth of four palisadegrasses [Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Stapf. syn. Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster], genotypes Marandu, Xaraés, Arapoty, and Capiporã, and one signalgrass [Brachiaria decumbens (Stapf.) syn. Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R.D. Webster] cultivar Basilisk, in southeastern Brazil. Plots were harvested at 15‐cm stubble height every 28 d during the warm season and 42 d during the cool season of years 2005–2006 and 2007–2008. Stubble mass was ∼1,070 kg DM ha−1 greater in the cool than warm season, whereas FAR was less in the cool season. Arapoty and Basilisk showed generally less FAR (∼45 kg d−1) and stubble leaf, stem, dead material, and total mass during the warm season than more productive grasses Capiporã and Xaraés (∼63 kg d−1). Leaf and canopy photosynthesis varied over seasons and years, but they were similar among grasses despite differences in stubble characteristics and FAR. Marandu accumulated more leaf in the stubble than other grasses, resulting in greater residual leaf area index, but it did not increase FAR. Under less favorable growth conditions, grasses increased stubble herbage mass (SHM). More productive grasses generally present greater SHM and leaf mass, indicating that stubble characteristics play an important role in the regrowth of brachiariagrasses.
Anwendung der ETB‐Richtline auf Befestigungselemente von Fenstern und Fassaden
Authors: Eierle Benno , Jehl Wolfgang , Sack Norbert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDie ETB‐Richtlinie „Bauteile, die gegen Absturz sichern“ aus dem Jahr 1985 ist eine der ältesten Vorschriften, die in den aktuellen Technischen Baubestimmungen (Teil A, Lfd. Nr. A 1.2.1.3) enthalten sind. Sie definiert ebenso wie der Eurocode 1 die Einwirkungen auf absturzsichernde Bauteile, enthält im Gegensatz zum EC1 jedoch auch Nachweismethoden und Anforderungen an Stoßlasten. Dieser Bericht umreißt den Anwendungsbereich, für den die ETB‐Richtlinie heute noch relevant ist, und stellt die theoretischen Hintergründe für den Nachweis von Befestigungselementen für den weichen Stoß dar, die bisher nur schlecht dokumentiert sind. Zudem werden erweiterte Lastansätze und Nachweismethoden für die Fensterbefestigung in hochwärmedämmendem Mauerwerk vorgestellt, die im Rahmen eines durch das DIBt geförderten Forschungsprojekts erarbeitet wurden.
Chemical defense strategies, induction timing, growth, and trade‐offs inPinus aristataandPinus flexilis
Authors: Soderberg David N. , Bentz Barbara J. , Runyon Justin B. , Hood Sharon M. , Mock Karen E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrade‐offs between plant defense investment and fitness traits, including growth, are often invoked to explain evolutionary strategies targeted at resisting herbivores. ManyPinusspecies have specialized herbivores, including the mountain pine beetle (MPB),Dendroctonus ponderosae, and have historically been a focus of defense investigations. We compared defense traits of two high‐elevationPinusspecies,P. aristataandP. flexilis, that are hosts to MPB and hypothesized to have different growth and defense traits and potential trade‐offs. Interspecific differences were assessed by sampling trees within the same stands, and intraspecific differences were assessed by sampling stands at sites across latitudes where both species co‐occurred. Constitutive defenses were measured at Day 0, and the timing, concentration, and composition of an induced resin defense response were assessed by sampling at 1, 4, and 30 days following either mechanical wounding only or a simulated MPB attack using its primary fungal symbiontGrosmannia clavigera. At Day 4, induced resin concentrations did not differ between mechanical wounding and simulated MPB attack in either species. By Day 30, resin defense concentrations in response to simulated MPB attack were greater than those in response to mechanical wounding and were >19‐fold greater than constitutive levels. Results suggest that initial induced resin defense responses in the two species are likely generalized, with a delayed response that is targeted specifically at MPB andG. clavigera. At all sites,P. aristatahad higher concentrations of constitutive and Day‐30 induced resin defenses thanP. flexilis, althoughP. flexilisinduced proportionately more. Trade‐offs in growth and defense between the species were only found at the two most climatically favorable sites whereP. aristatagrew slower thanP. flexilis. No trade‐offs were found between the two defense types at either biological scale. Overall, our findings highlight that the two pine species growing in the same stands (1) have a delayed response to a specialized native herbivore and fungal symbiont, (2) only exhibited interspecific defense–growth trade‐offs at two climatically favorable sites, and showed no intraspecific defense–growth trade‐offs, (3) showed no trade‐offs between constitutive and induced defenses at either biological scale, and (4) have evolved different defense strategies.