bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-dose, macro-impact: Leveraging psychedelics in frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Atoian Andre , Bowles Harry , Gerhke Sarah , Atoian Suzy , Bowles Nigel , Thangathurai Duraiyah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsThe COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing high-levels of physician stress and burnout1. In order to help treat frontline colleagues who were diagnosed with acute stress disorder, we chose a non-psychedelic, ketamine micro-dose treatment strategy for symptom management.MethodsWe provided care virtually, and all patients were prescribed sublingual ketamine once daily. Each patient was evaluated using the NIH-PROMIS CAT assessments for stress, depression, anxiety, and PTSD via a remote, HIPAA compliant patient self-reporting platform. Progress was tracked and assessed against a baseline value obtained prior to the start of treatment. Patient progress was evaluated at a 4–6-week interval. Patients did not report any significant side effects to the treatment regimen.Results100% (25/25) of patients experienced improved anxiety, 92% (23/25) experienced improved stress, 96% (24/25) experienced improved PTSD, and 91% (20/22) experienced improved depression.ConclusionsWhile we cannot draw definitive conclusions from the association demonstrated by this data, we believe these results demonstrate that further research into the efficacy of daily, short-term ketamine micro-doses for treatment of acute stress disorder is warranted.
Hubungan Panjang Bobot dan Beberapa Aspek Reproduksi Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Suyuti DM Yusnan , Wahana Syainullah , Dahliana Besse , Nur Muhammad , Firdhita Alam Nasyrah Adiara 
Published: December 2022

Ikan cakalang tergolong sebagai jenis ikan pelagis penting yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan berbagai aspek reproduksi ikan cakalang sehingga dijadikan landasan dalam strategi pengelolaan ikan cakalang di Teluk Bone. Pengambilan sampel dimulai pada bulan Juli hingga September 2022 pada lokasi yang merupakan fishing-base nelayan yaitu di Kelurahan Lonrae, Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel secara acak kemudian dimasukkan ke tempat ikan dan dilanjutkan dengan membawa sampel ke Laboratorium untuk dianalis. Parameter yang diteliti dan metode pada penelitian ini antara lain pola pertumbuhan ikan cakalang yang dianalisis melalui hubungan panjang bobot, nisbah kelamin dengan analisis “Chi-Square”, dan Indeks kematangan gonad dengan metode Johnson. Hasil penelitian ini, menunjukkan diperoleh koefisien regresi b = 3.481 pada gabungan ikan jantan dan ikan betina, koefisien regresi b = 3.597 khusus pada ikan jantan dan b = 3.419 khusus pada ikan betina. Hasil uji t terhadap nilab b menunjukkan t hitung > t tabel sehingga ikan cakalang pada penelitian ini tergolong memiliki pola alometrik positif. Faktor kondisi ikan cakalang betina lebih tinggi dibanding ikan jantan, pada gabungan jantan dan betina diperoleh kisaran 1.12-2.10 (rata-rata 1.39), khusus ikan jantan diperoleh 1.12-2.1 (rata-rata 1.32) dan kisaran 1.19-1.80 (rata-rata 1.50) pada ikan cakalang betina. Indeks kematangan gonad ikan cakalang diperoleh nilai yang berkisar antara 1.176 – 3.448 pada jantan 1.795 – 4.167 pada ikan betina. Terkait dengan tingkat kematangan gonad yang diamati selama penelitian masih dikategorikan belum matang gonad.
Performa Budidaya Ikan Nila (Oreochromis sp.) pada Sistem Kombinasi Bioflok dan Resirkulasi
Authors: Abidin Zaenal , DH. Setyono Bagus , Santanumurti Muhammad Brotowijoyo 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa teknologi budidaya sistem resirkulasi yang dikombinasikan dengan sistem bioflok pada ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.). Performa yang dimaksud meliputi pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup, konversi pakan, dan kualitas air yang diperoleh selama pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji coba secara langsung yang disertai dengan pengamatan terhadap teknologi yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan penentuan tingkat kemiringan dasar kolam dan jumlah bak pengendapan yang dapat memberikan nilai padatan terendah. Desain kolam yang terbaik akan digunakan untuk pemeliharaan ikan nila selama 45 hari dengan berat awal 50 g dengan kepadatan 400 ekor. Selama pemeliharaan dilakukan pengukuran kualitas air, pengukuran berat, pergantian air, dan pemberian pakan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemiringan dasar bak 20o dengan 2 bak pengendapan menghasilkan tingkat padatan yang lebih rendah pada media pemeliharaan yaitu 20 sampai 30 ml/l. Pemeliharaan ikan menghasilkan ikan dengan total berat 37,1 kg. Nilai konversi pakan yang diperoleh adalah 1,6 dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 92%. Kondisi kualitas air sangat berfluktuasi khususnya untuk nilai TDS kekeruhan, dan DO yaitu masing-masing dengan kisaran 382 – 538 ppm, 8 – 20 NTU, dan, 1,5 - 4,5 ppm. Meskipun telah menerapkan sistem bioflok untuk menjaga kualitas air namun pergantian air tetap harus dilakukan sebanyak 30 sampai 40 % setiap lima hari pada dua minggu pertama pemeliharaan dan selanjutnya dilakukan setiap 3 sampai 4 hari hingga panen.
Prognostic value of vascular remodeling parameters in the development of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Kirichenko Y. Yu. , Ilgisonis I. S. , Levin P. A. , Belenkov Y. N. 
Published: December 2022

Aim. To determine a possible prognostic marker for adverse cardiovascular events in patients with gastric cancer by studying the early and long-term effects of multiagent chemotherapy (MAC) on the structural and functional vascular wall parameters.Material and methods. The study included 25 patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer who received courses of chemotherapy with platinum-based agents and fluoropyrimidines. All patients before, immediately after MAC courses and in the long-term period underwent a non-invasive assessment of vascular wall and endothelial function (photoplethysmography (PPG)). In the survivors’ cohort, a correlation analysis was performed to assess the risk of future cardiovascular events depending on changes of PPG parameters.Results. Before the MAC courses, cancer patients had endothelial dysfunction (mean occlusion index, 1,7 (1,4; 1,9), N>1,8) and structural vascular wall disorders (mean stiffness index, 8,9 m/s (7,7; 9,7), N<8 m/s, mean reflection index, 32,4% (27,5; 37,7), N<30%). All indicators significantly worsened after MAC in the form of endothelial dysfunction progression and vascular remodeling: mean occlusion index, 1,3 (1,2; 1,5) (p<0,0002), stiffness index, 10,3 m/s (9,5; 11,2) (p<0,0001), reflection index, 40,2% (35,5; 43,6) (p<0,001). Long-term follow-up averaged 2,9 years (2,3-3,7 years). All-cause and cardiovascular mortality was 32% and 12%, respectively. Nine patients developed a cardiovascular events (CVEs) (de novo, progression of prior CVD). Significant changes of vascular indicators in the long-term period was not revealed. A trend towards association between increased reflection index and a higher probability of cardiovascular pathology was revealed (OR 1,20, 95% CI 1,01-1,55, p=0,081).Conclusion. In this study, for the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the effect of MAC on endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness, including, in the long-term follow-up period, was carried out in patients with gastric cancer. A significant aggravation of all parameters of vascular remodeling immediately after treatment in the absence of their significant dynamics in the future has been proven. A possible prognostic marker, namely the reflection index, of an unfavorable cardiac outcome in patients with gastric cancer has been identified, which requires further study.
PhaseAll: a simple tool for read-based allele phasing
Authors: Zhurbenko Peter M. , Klimenko Fedor N. 
Published: December 2022

The currently used genome assembly algorithms do not provide for allele phasing. This can lead to the loss of important information about the genotype of diploid and polyploid individuals. Here we introduce PhaseAll, a simple tool for allele phasing based on short reads obtained by second-generation sequencing. As input data, the tool takes paired reeds in SAM format. PhaseAll iterates sequentially through each alignment position. When a polymorphic position (SNP, insertion or deletion) is first encountered, a unique mutation is written to each allele. For each subsequent polymorphic position, a test is made to verify whether it is located on the same pair of reads (one DNA fragment) as the previous one. If two mutations are located on the same fragment, they are considered to belong to the same allele. If no fragments are found that connected at least one pair of neighboring polymorphic positions, an X is written in the allele sequences. This means that the alleles can swap at this position.
PhaseAll is written in python 3. SAM files are processed using the pysam library. PhaseAll is designed to separate only two alleles. To avoid possible sequencing errors, the user can set a read depth threshold below which the polymorphic position will be skipped. Some indels can cause errors in allele phasing, so PhaseAll has an option to skip indels for more accurate SNP reconstruction. The tool was tested on sequences of agrobacterial origin in the Camellia L. genome in more than 100 samples. PhaseAll is available for download on the GitHub: https://github.com/pzhurbenko/PhaseAll
The research was supported by RSF (project No. 21-14-00050).
Chloroplast genomes and GMOs. History, features and perspectives on plastid transgenesis in plant biotechnology
Authors: Chekunova Elena M. 
Published: December 2022

Chloroplasts provide life on our planet, by creating carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids and O2 through the process of photosynthesis. Two billion years ago, a eukaryotic ancestor entered symbiosis with photosynthetic cyanobacterium, giving rise to chloroplasts. During evolution, chloroplasts transferred most protein-coding genes of free-living bacteria to the nucleus, but retained a semi-autonomous genetic status their own genomes and transcription and translation machinery.
The genetics of plastids began in 1909, when Baur and Correns described the non-Mendelian, maternal inheritance of Pelargonium leaf color: green, white and variegated. The presence DNA in chloroplasts (chDNA) was prove in the 1960s, and later have been shown, that male chDNA in zygotes is specifically degraded, assuring maternal inheritance in most plants.
The plastid transformation was first described in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [1]. This method of plant biotechnology is an alternative to traditional introduction of foreign DNA into the nucleus, and has a number of advantages: (a) the large copy number of chDNA offers high-level transgene expression; (b) site-specific integration of foreign genes reduces the number of transgenic lines to be evaluated; (c) the lack of gene silencing or position effects in chloroplast genomes; (d) the chloroplast employs a prokaryotic gene expression system, and allows the expression of polycistronic genes [2]. Thus, chloroplasts are becoming attractive hosts for the introduction of new agronomic traits, as well as for the biosynthesis of high-value pharmaceuticals, biomaterials and industrial enzymes.
Systemic control of symbiotic nodulation in legume plants: genetic engineering in functional studies of key regulators
Authors: Lebedeva Maria  A. , Dobychkina Daria A. , Lutova Lyudmila A. 
Published: December 2022

Legumes are important suppliers of vegetable protein. In symbiotic interactions with soil bacteria rhizobia, legume plants form nitrogen-fixing nodules on their roots, where molecular nitrogen is fixed and incorporated into organic compounds. A host plant controls the number of symbiotic nodules to meet its nitrogen demands. The presence of high amount of nitrate in the soil suppresses the formation of nodules. CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION) peptides produced in the root in response to rhizobial inoculation and/or nitrate were shown to control the number of symbiotic nodules. Previously, we have identified the MtCLE35 gene upregulated by the rhizobia and the nitrate treatment in Medicago truncatula, which systemically inhibited nodulation when overexpressed. Using genetic engineering approaches we increased its transcriptional activity in transgenic roots, which almost completely prevented the formation of symbiotic nodules. Moreover, we obtained stable transgenic lines overproducing the MtCLE35 peptide, and found that their had lower shoot and root biomass in comparison to the wild-type plants. The study of metabolome of MtCLE35-overproducing plants revealed the increased level of amino acids in the roots, suggesting the stimulating effect of MtCLE35 on amino acid synthetic pathways.
In addition, we obtained several knock-out lines, where the MtCLE35 gene was edited using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system. The detailed analysis of these plants will allow us to understand the mechanisms of MtCLE35 action in the regulation of plant nitrogen status and symbiotic interaction with rhizobia.
This work was supported by the grant from Saint Petersburg State University ID 93020341 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research project 20-016-00129.
Job stress experienced by nurses working in private hospitals in Kottayam
Authors: Jacob Jijy , Tripathi Shaifali 
Published: December 2022

Many tasks of Nurses are routine, quite difficult, disgusting, unpleasant, and not rewarding, nurses are likely to burn out due to job stress. Job stress affects nurses' health, increases absenteeism and attrition, errors in treating patients, infection rates, and increased cost of employment for hospitals.The aim of quantitative descriptive survey study was to find out the Job stress of 300 female nurses working in selected private hospitals in the Kottayam, selected by simple random sampling in December 2021. Socio-demographic tool and Nurses’ Occupational Stressor Scale (NOSS) were used for data collection.The majority (61%) of the subjects belonged to the age group of 31 to 40 years. The data showed that the majority of the subjects (89%) were married, 56% were from nuclear families and most had 1-2 children. Among the subjects, 55% of spouses had private jobs while 2% were unemployed and 9% worked abroad. Most of the subjects (78%) were GNM. The scope of work was divided equally among the staff, ie, medical 30%, surgical 17%, and critical care medicine/emergency medicine/OT 43%. Of 300 subjects, 47.6% had more than 5 years of experience. 82% of subjects underwent CNE and 73% participated in stress management programs at some stage of their professional life. Of the 300 subjects, 80.3% reported as they are receiving support from their immediate supervisors and Hospital management, while 53% reported that their job interfered with family life, and 44% were moderately satisfied in meeting their family needs. 81% of the subjects showed medium job stress. The mean was 51 (the mean percentage was 60.8%) with a standard deviation of 5.9.For nurses, job stress seems to vary according to individual and job characteristics and work-family conflicts. Interventions should be planned to prevent and manage stress, which in turn contributes to job performance and productivity.
Approaches to studies of the profitability of businesses in the war economy conditions
Authors: Ivakhnenkov Sergiy 
Published: December 2022

Research aim. The purpose of the study is to form a complete and clear idea of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of a war economy, which is especially relevant in the conditions of a full-scale war between the Russian Federation and Ukraine.Research methods: positivism, which assumes the presence and application of various scientific paradigms and theories within certain scientific disciplines; systematic approach; general methodological principles of the system approach, empirical method and method of idealization; comparison, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, generalization.Research results. A complete and clear understanding of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of the military economy was formed. The concept of the military economy was also clarified. Under peaceful conditions and a market economy, as well as under conditions of a hybrid war while maintaining market relations in part of the state’s territories, three main groups of indicators should be used to calculate the profitability of enterprises: cost, income, and resource. To calculate the profitability of enterprises of the military-industrial complex, it is also worth using a specific indicator, which consists in weighing the combat effect of manufactured products on their cost price.Potential application of the research results: on the basis of the developed provisions, it is possible to develop organizational and methodical provisions for the analysis of profitability in the conditions of the military economy.Conclusions. The branches of the war economy were examined, and the fact that they were all related to the branches of the normal peacetime market economy was emphasized. After considering the existing classifications, a generalized version was given that divides the military economy into the following areas: 1) purely military production of means of armed struggle, 2) civilian production of means of armed struggle, 3) civilian production of ordinary civilian products, 4) military economy.In the traditional form, the concept of profitability in the conditions of the war economy is absent. Instead, in order to analyze at least the efficiency of the production process, it is suggested to limit the use of indicators of the productivity of the enterprise’s activity and to estimate labor productivity in the calculation of one employee or per unit of working time.
JEL classіfіcatіon: D20, H56
Ensuring the sustainability of the external sector of Ukraine in the conditions of high risks
Authors: Lukianenko Iryna , Pokydko Anastasiia , Tokarchuk Taras 
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is in-depth empirical analysis and development of economic and mathematical tools to assess the current state of the external sector of Ukraine, and determination of the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the external sector to ensure its sustainability in the medium- and long-term perspective taking into account internal and external risks. The article analyzes how the current pandemic crisis has affected the external sector of the economy and identifies potential risks of vulnerability of our economy to external shocks. Based on the system of indicators, the current external stability of the economy is assessed, and the main channels of macroeconomic policy influence on the state of the external sector of the economy are studied. The sensitivity of the external sector of Ukraine’s economy to measures and instruments of fiscal and monetary policy analyses using the developed VAR model. In particular, the investigation revealed that excessive fiscal expansionary policies could lead to the accumulation of external imbalances, which might be adjusted by the effective monetary policy. The calculation results showed that to ensure the stability of the external sector of the economy of Ukraine, a balanced fiscal policy is required, since the state of the external sector strongly reacts to fiscal shocks. Consider the fact that the external sector of the Ukrainian economy is most sensitive to changes in the real exchange rate; fiscal policy is effective in adjusting the current account of the balance of payments only in the short-term perspective. However, in the mediumterm perspective, monetary influence on the external sector is stronger through other channels of transmission of the discount rate, except for currency.Accordingly, based on the results of the study, recommendations for the application of macroeconomic policy measures to ensure the external stability of Ukraine’s economy in the medium and long term has been developed. Further research is worth focusing on determining the factors that ensure the stability of the external sector in the conditions of military actions.
JEL classіfіcatіon: C32, E63, F31, F32, F40
Methodology of historical and economic research experience of post-war reconstruction
Authors: Nebrat Viktoriia 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive presentation of the modern arsenal of methods of historical and economic research. Methods and tools are presented in accordance with specific research issues. This is an urgent issue of post-war economic recovery. Scientific methods are shown in unity with the functions of economic history. A set of methods and approaches was used, which made it possible to reveal the methodological arsenal of historical and economic research in unity with their functions. The combination of analysis of various tools and synthesis of methodological approaches is aimed at achieving systemic and ensuring the effectiveness of current research programs of historical experience of post-war economic reconstruction.The result of the study is the methodological support of scientific knowledge of the international experience of post-war economic reconstruction. The expediency of applying the principle of integrativity as a synthesis of empirical historical and theoretical economic knowledge is substantiated. The content of the worldview function of economic history is revealed. It is realized through demythologization and objectification of knowledge about the content and determinants of post-war reconstruction. It is shown how the cumulative function of economic history is related to the formation of the realism of economic thinking. The prognostic function of economic history is substantiated – the ability to predict future developments and directions of events on the basis of previous experience. Comparative analysis allows us to consider the dynamics of economic recovery in different countries, the development of different economic systems and their national models. Historical experience in the implementation of reconstruction plans and programs should be studied in the unity of ontological, teleological and axiological components.The value of research methods and principles is revealed with the help of historical examples. The results of the study will be useful in the study and implementation of historical experience in the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy.
JEL classіfіcatіon: B40, N44, N45, O19