bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carlyle’s “Phallus-worship”: An Annotated Transcription
Authors: Allison Mark 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this hitherto unpublished manuscript essay (c. 1848), Thomas Carlyle uses ancient Dionysian ritual as a symbol for a complex of contemporaneous social tendencies that he deplores. Foremost among these tendencies is the displacement of piety and duty by the exaltation of sensualism and romantic love, which Carlyle associates with revolutionary France, George Sand and her epigones, and circulating-library fiction more generally. “Phallus-worship” represents a jointure between Carlyle’s humane youthful writings and the authoritarian jeremiads of his old age, combining the literary virtuosity of the former with the caustic perspective of the latter. More broadly, “Phallus-worship” is a textual locus of the shift between early and mid-Victorian sensibilities, as Carlyle’s own residual puritanism marked the limits of his capacity to engage with the literary and cultural developments that interested a rising generation of Victorian men and women of letters.
John Wesley, Roman Catholicism, and ‘No Popery!’
Authors: Haydon Colin 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This article examines John Wesley's anti-Catholicism and his hostility to ‘popery’ on theological, social, and political grounds. The subject is related to wider attitudes to the Catholic minority and its faith in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland. The article stresses the complexity of Wesley's thinking, thinking which ranged from his admiration for some post-Reformation Catholic figures to his abhorrence of a Church that he feared imperilled the souls of its adherents. It further investigates various germane topics, such as the response of Catholics to early Methodism and Wesley's involvement in the events that culminated in the Gordon riots of 1780.
KENAKALAN REMAJA SEBAGAI SALAH SATU BENTUK PATOLOGI SOSIAL (PENYAKIT MASYARAKAT)
Authors: Resdati  , Rizka Hasanah  
Published: February 2022

Patologi sosial merupakan ilmu yang membahas tentang penyakit sosial masyarakat yang tentunya membawa dampak negatif bagi masyarakat. Penyebab munculnya penyakit masyarakat ini juga banyak dipelopori oleh kalangan remaja. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pengumpulan data informasi dari berbagai sumber bacaan yang berasal dari buku dan jurnal penelitian sebelumnya. Ada banyak sekali faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan timbulnya kenakalan pada diri remaja. Mulai dari faktor lingkungan keluarga, pergaulan hingga pengaruh teknologi. Kenakalan remaja pastinya dapat merugikan bagi diri sendiri dan lingkungan sekitar baik keluarga maupun masyarakat. Oleh karena itu sangat diperlukan upaya untuk mencegah kenakalan remaja, sebab kenakalan remaja merupakan penyakit sosial bagi masyarakat. Pencegahannya bisa melalui pembinaan moral, agama maupun hukum supaya remaja bisa menjauhkan diri dari perbuatan negatif tersebut. Selain itu pemerintah juga bisa turut andil memfasilitasi remaja dengan dibuatnya tempat sanggar seni ataupun gedung olahraga agar remaja dapat memanfaatkan waktunya untuk kegiatan yang lebih bermanfaat guna menyalurkan minat dan bakatnya. Dengan adanya kegiatan yang positif, produktif serta kreatif remaja pasti akan terhindar dari yang namanya kenakalan remaja.
Effect of Salat Activity on Knee Pain, Range of Motion and Muscle Strength After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: TORLAK Mustafa Savaş , ATA Bilgehan 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salat activity on knee pain, muscle strength and range of motion after posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty.
Material and Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted in KTO Karatay University and Medova Hospital, Konya, Turkey, between March 2019 and June 2019. Thirty volunteers between the ages of 55 and 75 who had undergone total knee arthroplasty participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups as physical therapy group and physical therapy + salat group. The participants in the physical therapy group were provided hot-cold application, transcutenous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), active-assisted range of motion, stretching and strengthening exercises during four weeks. Physical therapy+salat group performed salat activity in addition to the treatment. The knee joint patency was measured using a digital goniometer, muscle strength using a manual muscle tester, knee pain with the visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results: There was no difference in knee flexion and extension muscle strength between the groups before and after treatment (p ˃ 0.05). There was no difference in VAS values between the groups before and after treatment (p ˃ 0.05). Knee flexion angle increased significantly in the physical therapy+prayer group compared to the post-treatment physical therapy group (p˂0.003). There was no significant difference between the groups in knee extension angle before and after treatment (p˃0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that Salat activity after knee arthroplasty improved knee joint range of motion.
The Effect of STREAM-Based Teaching Materials Using Smart Apps Creator 3 on Students’ Scientific Literacy
Authors: Pebriani Fenny , Heliawati Leny , Ardianto Didit 
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to develop STREAM-based water teaching using Smart Apps Creator 3 on students’ scientific literacy. The method carried out by Research and Development uses the 4D design (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). The research data were collected and analyzed in the form of quantitative descriptive from the students’ pre-test and post-test results. This research used a Google form by distributing a questionnaire given to students with 56 respondents and 11 science teachers who had used STREAM-based water teaching materials using SAC 3. The results of the study, the average percentage of scientific literacy with N-Gain was 76% with a tall category, which means that the application of learning materials based on STREAM using Smart Apps Creator 3 is proven to improve student learning. Conclusion in this study is STREAM-based teaching materials using SAC 3 are statistically proven to improve students’ scientific literacy to water material in online learning during the current pandemic.
Wings or Armor? Costume, Metaphor, and the Limits of Utopia in Aristophanes’sBirds
Authors: Sfyroeras Pavlos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhat does Peisthetairos give the Rebellious Youth, the first of three intruders in search of wings? The interpretation of Birds 1360–69 has divided commentators since antiquity: does the youth receive wings to be viewed as weapons or weapons to be viewed as wings? On the basis of internal textual evidence and intertextual allusions, I argue for the latter option: instead of the requested bird apparatus, Peisthetairos offers military equipment. This is not a trivial question affecting exclusively, or even primarily, staging. On the contrary, the answer we provide is significant for the play as a whole: it has to do with the reflection, so central in Birds, on the ontological status of the comic utopia; hence, on the relationship between language and reality.
Male Stage-Nudity in Aristophanes
Authors: Compton-Engle Gwendolyn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe stage-nudity of male characters is relatively common in comic scenes of the fifth century and first half of the fourth century, in both Attic and South Italian vase-painting. A review of the material evidence shows that stage-nudity is particularly frequent in scenes of vigorous physical activity; a few scenes indicate plot-prompted disrobing. These scenes indicate that stage-nudity may have been more common in the performance of Aristophanes than previously believed based on textual evidence alone. This paper reconsiders possible instances of male-stage nudity in extant plays, including the possibility of extended stage-nudity in Peace and Knights.
The Threat of Great Ape Extinction From COVID-19
Authors: Casal Paula , Singer Peter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The current pandemic could give several ape species the final push into extinction. Besides the direct harm the virus may cause to species that are very susceptible to human respiratory pathogens, the pandemic has also brought an economic crisis with lockdowns and absence from usual workplaces, resulting in increased poaching and habitat encroachment. The countries where the remaining apes live cannot shoulder alone the cost of conservation. Other countries with more resources have also contributed to ape extinction and are also implicated in the current pandemic. Moreover, international cooperation is essential for the conservation efforts needed to avoid depriving other hominids of their habitats, their cultures, and their future.
A Critique of Mario Vargas Llosa’s Putative Justifications of Bullfighting
Authors: Villena David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Nobel Prize in Literature laureate Mario Vargas Llosa praises the legal protection of bullfighting by a Peruvian law that prohibits the torture of animals except in the case of cultural traditions, such as bullfighting and cockfighting. He claims that his defense of bullfighting follows from his liberal point of view and advances three reasons in favor of its preservation: It is a tradition, it is a fine art, and the individuals should be constitutionally free to choose what to see and where to go. I argue that his arguments are morally irrelevant and logically unsound.
Radioactive Music: The Eerie Agency of Hildur Guðnadóttir’s Music for the Television Series Chernobyl
Authors: Størvold Tore , Richardson John 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The acclaimed television miniseries Chernobyl (2019) features an eerie soundtrack that musicalizes the silence of radioactivity. Hildur Guðnadóttir’s score is composed of field recordings from a nuclear power plant, treated and fitted together in ways that blur the lines between music and sound design. The immersive qualities of the soundtrack provide television audiences with new means of sensing the invisible ecological consequences of human activity.
On Forgetting, Displacement, and Historical Error in Polish History
Authors: Dabrowski Patrice M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Singling out Polish-Jewish relations as the major problem has come quite late in the millennium or so of Polish history. The present essay approaches Polish history from a different angle, considering its very nature as well as some important yet inconvenient facts that have been forgotten or displaced. What actually constitutes Polish history is presented as problematic. The historic divide between the nobility (Sarmatians) and the numerous peasantry (Roman Catholic Slavophones, the ancestors of most of today’s Poles) is shown to be a central problem that needed to be papered over, were a modern Polish nation to embrace the entirety of Polish speakers. In the nineteenth century, the two groups’ shared Roman Catholic faith was perceived as a bridge to unity. The subsequent weaponization of anti-Semitism by integral nationalists and Roman Dmowski’s creation of the category of “half-Poles” to label those who opposed him have repercussions to this day.
Polish Intersectionality
Authors: Porter-Szücs Brian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To fully understand northeastern Europe’s cultural pluralism, it helps to apply a concept first coined for a very different time and place: “intersectionality.” This idea begins with a simple recognition that every person embodies a cluster of identities, some personally embraced and some imposed by others. All of these identities are positioned within cross-cutting relationships of power and privilege that interact in complicated ways. Although the term “intersectionality” dates back only three decades, those of us who study northeastern Europe are familiar with the underlying issues. Both the people of that region, and those who study them, were thinking about this problem long before anyone had a word for it. The virtue of the intersectional approach is that it prevents us from even attempting to walk the tightrope balanced between the blunt reification of national communities on the one hand, and the totalizing story of a singular (unmarked) “Polish” history on the other. It allows us to see, and when appropriate to prioritize, the various categories of gender, religion, language, status, or class that swirled around everyone living along the Vistula River basin. At the same time, it allows us to avoid the fraught dualisms of a “Polish-Jewish History” approach, which by its very label assumes that those two adjectives will everywhere and always be the most important ones.
“The Conquest of History?” Toward a Usable Past in Poland
Authors: Polonsky Antony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In his explanation for why the provocative title “Is There a History of Poland beyond the Holocaust?” was chosen for this forum, John Bukowczyk wrote that the goal was to stimulate contributions which would take this as a springboard and “engage the broader topic of Polish-Jewish relations, for which the Holocaust has become a metonym.” Before one can examine why the study of Polish-Jewish relations has become so central in Polish historical discourse in recent years one must pose two other questions. The first is whether the long-standing Polish belief that the study of the past has clear and obvious lessons for the present remains valid today. The second is how successful have been the attempts since the 1970s and, more particularly, since the negotiated end of communism in 1989 to fill in the “blank spots” in the account of the recent past which was established in the half-century of communist rule in Poland.
Re(Searching) Meaning: An Aesthetic Approach to Teaching and Learning Outside of the Box
Authors: Yu Geralyn (Gigi) 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the collective aesthetic practices of an early childhood art educator and teachers in a public school context, inspired by the principles of the Reggio Emilia approach. A related purpose here is to reflect on and re-examine the educators’ professional growth while developing these practices. This study begins with the author’s personal experiences as an early childhood art educator. The other educators in the study also reflect on their aesthetic approaches toward teaching and learning prior to the adoption of a district-wide, prescribed “boxed” early childhood curriculum. The purpose of this article is to make visible what was lost with the shift to a boxed curriculum, including the aesthetic practices and negotiated learning experiences co-constructed with the children. In contrast to the boxed, prescribed curriculum, an aesthetic approach toward teaching and learning brought a heightened awareness of everyday school experiences through an engagement of the senses, imagination, and feelings. What was lost in the shift was the value of aesthetics as an integral part of educational experiences for both the children and the educators, including the freedom to wonder, to sustain curiosity, and to imagine alternate ways of being and learning together.
Interfacing Artistic Freedom, Censorship, and Pedagogy: An Interview With Artist-Teacher Chikonzero Chazunguza
Authors: Mamvuto Attwell 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArtistic freedom and censorship are correlated constructs that are overtly and covertly applied, arguably, for the proper functioning of society. This is reflected in the cliché “the more censorship there is, the less freedom is accorded to the artist.” While the artist demands their artistic freedom as espoused in democratic principles, the censor argues that it is their obligation to control the content of artistic expression for various reasons. The ensuing contention impacts on curricula content and teachers’ pedagogical initiatives. In this paper, I explore the views of a renowned Zimbabwean contemporary visual artist-teacher, Chikonzero Chazunguza, on the interconnectedness of the social pillars of artistic freedom, censorship, and pedagogy, and their benefit to art education. I attempt to decipher the nexus between censorship and artistic freedom.
Land-Based Art Criticism: (Un)learning Land Through Art
Authors: Bae-Dimitriadis Michelle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article provides an overview of how land-based settler colonial critique can reorient art criticism and art education to expand the scope of art and art practice to critical considerations of land politics and social justice, particularly in terms of the repatriation of Indigenous lands. In particular, land-based perspectives can help to rethink place/land by offering decolonizing methods for critiquing Western works of art that address place. Art educators’ ability to understand and critique settler colonialism in art has been hindered by Eurocentric art criticism. This article seeks to reveal settler colonial imperatives and ambitions regarding land through a critical analysis of American landscape paintings and land art. This piece further examines contemporary Indigenous artists’ site-specific works through adopting decolonial, land-based inquiry. Land-based art criticism interrupts the dominant mode of art inquiry to more comprehensively analyze art associated with place/land and expand the scope of social, cultural, and political understandings of social equity.
Livecasting without the live: The multiple temporalities of National Theatre At Home
Authors: Byrne Sarah 
Published: February 2022

Since the 2009 launch of NT Live, the National Theatre has been at the forefront of UK livecasting so the calls to respond to the complete lockdown of the UK in March 2020 weren’t surprising. This paper will analyse how this pandemic response utilised the multiple temporalities of NT Live to create a theatrical event in viewers’ homes. Despite using past recordings, the NT At Home programme was a response to a specific historical event and was structured around an “ontological now” that in return shaped the reception of those recordings. NT Live capitalised on the liveness and the exclusivity of their broadcasts. Performances were shown at a set time, streamed simultaneously into cinemas. NT At Home challenged every part of this system of liveness and in doing so created its own contradictory and fluid temporal identity. In this paper I will draw on liveness studies from multiple disciplines to cover three aspects of these new temporalities and present a case study of liveness practice.
NT Live capitalised on the liveness and the exclusivity of their broadcasts. Performances were shown at a set time, streamed simultaneously into cinemas. NT At Home challenged every part of this system of liveness and in doing so created its own contradictory and fluid temporal identity. In this paper I will draw on liveness studies from multiple disciplines to cover three aspects of these new temporalities and present a case study of liveness practice.
Performare lo squat. I luoghi culturali occupati come esercizio di liveness e democrazia.
Authors: Pastore Sara 
Published: February 2022

Assumendo l’intrinseca democraticità della svolta performativa delle arti – la quale eccede il principio della proprietà privata sia per l’artista che per il fruitore – il presente contributo intende esplorare le esperienze in cui la creazione dell’artista si realizza nella sua abilitazione alla creazione collettiva, mobilitando il concetto di liveness come presenza e partecipazione. Il contributo, a seguito di una tipizzazione delle varie possibili declinazioni della pratica di squatting, intende restringere il focus sulla sua versione culturale, in quanto metodo performativo teso ad obiettivi estetici, comunicativi e politici. Attraverso l’interpretazione ermeneutica dei presupposti e del funzionamento di tali esperienze, nonchè il riferimento – seppur sintetico, per motivi di economicità della ricerca – a casi di cultural squatting sul territorio italiano, sarà restituita una lettura di questi che li propone come momenti di attivazione e spazi d’intersezione dei diversi livelli di liveness, messi a disposizione nell’abilitazione dell’agency culturale e politica del pubblico in quanto collettività.
Davide Quayola: Digital Art Need Not Bore
Authors: Harvey Neil 
Published: February 2022

Ten in the morning is not the most usual time for a press view to open, nor is the requirement to show ID and Vaccination Pass, but at the Palazzo Cipolla (lit. “Onion Palace”) on the Corso del Rinascimento in the centre of Rome, this was the the routine to see an intriguing show of work by David Quayola, an Italian digital artist, long resident in London, but here displaying a variety of pieces made over the last fourteen years. Suffice to say there was not an ice filled dustbin of Peroni bottles in sight.
Tuberkulosis GAMBARAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU YANG MENGKONSUMSI OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS (OAT)
Authors: Ulfah Ulyati 
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang : Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sebagian besar kuman TB menyerang paru, namun dapat juga menyerang organ tubuh lainnya seperti tulang dan kelenjar. Pengobatan TB dilakukan dengan menggunakan strategi DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse) dengan waktu pengobatan 6-9 bulan. Startegi DOTS yang menggunakan obat multi drug sering memberikan efek samping terhadap pasiennya seperti peningkatan kadar asam urat dalam darah.
Tujuan Penelitian : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar asam urat pada penderita Tuberkulosis Paru (TB) yang mengkonsumsi Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) berdasarkan lama pengobatan.
Metode Penelitian : Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan mengambil data sekunder penelitian Lestari Yani Manulu di Rumah Sakit Khusus Paru Kota Medan Tahun 2019.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian dari 29 responden yang mengkonsumsi OAT didapatkan 17 responden (58,62%) dengan kadar asam urat tinggi dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 9,33 mg/dl dan 12 responden (41,38%) dengan kadar asam urat normal dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 4,90 mg/dl. Responden dengan kadar asam urat tinggi terdiri dari 12 responden (100,00%) dengan lama pengobatan 1-3 bulan dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 6,83 mg/dl, dan 5 responden (29,41%) dengan lama pengobatan 4-8 bulan dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 8,50 mg/dl.
Kesimpulan : Ditemukan kadar asam urat tinggi pada pasien penderita TB paru yang mengkonsumsi Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) sebesar 58,62% dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 9,33 mg/dl. Kadar asam urat tinggi terjadi pada pasien dengan pengobatan tahap intensif yaitu 1-3 bulan sebesar 100,00% dengan kadar asam urat rata-rata 6,83 mg/dl.
Welcome Note from Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Mehboob Riffat 
Published: February 2022

We take great pleasure to launch ‘Markhor-the journal of Zoology’ (MJZ) under the umbrella of ‘Lahore Medical Research Center, LLP’ (LMRC). LMRC is a research center that conducts researchers in medical and health sciences as well as biomedical and biological sciences. It also publishes International peer reviewed journals such as ‘Pakistan BioMedical Journal’ which is the first journal launched by LMRC.
MJZ is an international peer reviewed bi-annual journal, that publishes original articles, reviews, letter to editors, meta-analysis, systematic reviews related to zoological sciences. It covers the specialities of wildlife, veterinary sciences, animal sciences, cell biology, molecular biology, biotechnology, microbiology, genetics, anthropology, evolutionary studies, environmental biology, biodiversity, taxonomy, paleontology, physiology, entomology, parasitology, fisheries, dairy, livestock, animal conservation and developmental biology.
Manuscripts are welcome from researchers and scientists all over the world. I congratulate all the team of journal for their efforts in it’s launching. In the coming years, we will face a challenge to improve the quality and standard of the journal and bring it to the new heights of excellence. Support from authors, reviewers and readers is welcome in terms of scholarly contributions and suggestions.