bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A planning method for transit villages in Qatar: Souq Waqif historical district in Doha
Authors: Furlan Raffaello , Al-Mohannadi Asmaa , Major Mark David , Paquet Tarryn N.K. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis research study aims at revealing a planning method for the development of the Souq Waqif-Transit village.Design/methodology/approachOver the past decade, transit-oriented developments (TODs) have become an international city planning model for promoting sustainable urbanism. On a regional scale, the State of Qatar launched the construction of Doha Metro. The current network consists of three lines with a central interchange station within the city's most vibrant cultural core, i.e., between Msheireb Downtown Doha and Msheireb, near to the Souq Waqif historical site and Al Corniche waterfront promenade. The Qatar National Development Framework emphasizes the importance of stimulating sustainable urban growth by linking the Doha Metro with TODs.FindingsThe findings show that the benefits of a strategy for monitoring and assessing the potential benefits of the investigated TOD linked to the analysis of the indices for (1) travel behavior, (2) built environment diversity and (3) other categories specific to the site's historical-heritage preservation.Research limitations/implicationsNamely, a comprehensive approach for developing a historical site is/should be grounded in a planning method for enhancing the mixed-used urban fabric, public realm and walkability, and heritage preservation.Social implicationsThe insights from this research study aim to guide the long-term sustainable urban growth of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) cities in the future.Originality/valueThe proposed sustainable growth planning scheme for the Souq Waqif addresses gaps highlighted through design tools of investigation. The missing attributes concern three key factors: (1) mixed-used urban fabric, (2) public realm and walkability and (3) built heritage preservation. The quality of streetscape, corridors, connections and connectivity of pedestrian and walkable network: TOD is not dependent on a singular mode of transport (Doha Metro), but it includes all systems that allow for mass public mobility within the city districts. Integrating other transport systems within mixed-use areas should be reevaluated based on accessibility to such systems, including taxi services, public bus services and public shuttles.
Lessons on social entrepreneurship in the health sector – the Swasth story
Authors: Chakravorty Arjun , Kapila Sundeep 
Published: September 2022

Theoretical basis
This case uses the concept of social entrepreneurship to analyze the entrepreneurial journey of Mr Suraj Prakash and his social enterprise, the Swasth Foundation. It further deepens our understanding of strategic decision-making by exploring the successful use of pivots.

Research methodology
The case was primarily developed through a series of interviews with the leadership team over a year. Secondary sources included literature about Swasth Foundation available on the internet and those shared by the founder.

Case overview/synopsis
In 2008, Suraj Prakash left McKinsey & Company after six and half years in the health and development sector as an engagement manager. Along with his friends, Aman Paul and Ankur Sharma, he established Swasth with the goal of building an ecosystem that delivered high-quality, affordable and accountable health services to low-income communities in India. Right from its inception, Swasth went through many fundamental shifts in terms of its business model, team composition and even the nature of its existence; however, this did not deter Suraj from pursuing his goal.
The case brings into focus the health-care system of India, especially in the context of the urban poor and the challenges they are facing, followed by the initiatives taken by Swasth Foundation and the impact it is trying to create. The remainder of the case delves into Suraj’s entrepreneurial journey and the three pivotal decisions that changed the course of his organization over 11 years. It will also provide a transpicuous view of the entrepreneurial decision-making process through the lens of pivoting. As Suraj and his team are trying to bring about the required changes through the third pivot, there remain some challenges that need to be addressed for a successful implementation.

Complexity academic level
The case is written for business management students and can be used in general management, entrepreneurship and strategy classes. The case can be used for discussions on leadership, social entrepreneurship and strategic decision-making. It is suited for both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
An intelligent contactless brake blending system with advanced driver assistance technique for electric vehicles
Authors: Patil Lalit Narendra , Khairnar Hrishikesh P. , Bhirud S.G. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Electric vehicles are well known for a silent and smooth drive; however, their presence on the road is difficult to identify for road users who may be subjected to certain incidences. Although electric vehicles are free from exhaust emission gases, the wear particles coming out from disc brakes are still unresolved issues. Therefore, the purpose of the present paper is to introduce a smart eco-friendly braking system that uses signal processing and integrated technologies to eventually build a comprehensive driver assistance system.

Design/methodology/approach
The parameters obstacle identification, driver drowsiness, driver alcohol situation and heart rate were all taken into account. A contactless brake blending system has been designed while upgrading a rapid response. The implemented state flow rule-based decision strategy validated with the outcomes of a novel experimental setup.

Findings
The drowsiness state of drivers was successfully identified for the proposed control map and set up vindicated with the improvement in stopping time, atmospheric environment and increase in vehicle active safety regime.

Originality/value
The present study adopted a unique approach and obtained a brake blending system for improved braking performance as well as overall safety enhancement with rapid control of the vehicle.
Increased expression of human herpes virus 6 receptor CD134/OX40 in skin lesions of patients with drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
Authors: Lee Eun Seon , Kiuchi Yuji , Inomata Naoko , Sueki Hirohiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCD134/OX40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is a cell‐specific receptor for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) variant B. Patients with drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS)/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) present a significant increase in CD134 expression in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells. We aimed to investigate the frequency of CD134+ CD4 T cells infiltrating skin lesions in patients with DIHS/DRESS and its association with disease severity. We retrospectively included 21 patients with DIHS/DRESS and 11 patients with erythema multiforme (EM). By immunohistochemistry, the frequency of CD134+ CD4 T cells in DIHS was significantly higher than that in EM (p = 0.0083). The DIHS/DRESS severity score was significantly correlated with the frequency of CD134+ CD4 T cells (p = 0.0272); moreover, there was a significant difference between severe and mild/moderate cases. Double immunofluorescence staining revealed that numerous cells presented CD134/CD4 and CD134/Foxp3 overlap in patients with DIHS/DRESS. These data suggest increased susceptibility to HHV‐6 infection at localized skin sites. HHV‐6 may be involved in the mechanism underlying the progression and pathophysiology of DIHS/DRESS.
Genomic landscape of multiple Bowenʼs disease using whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Kim Yoon‐Seob , Park Gyeong Sin , Bang Chul Hwan , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe genomic landscape of Bowen's disease (BD), with multiple manifestations, has not yet been determined. This study aimed to investigate the genomic alterations in multiple BD. We performed whole‐exome sequencing of BD lesions (n = 9) and matched germlines collected from three patients with multiple (≥3) BD to detect somatic and germline mutations. We found a median of 64 somatic mutations in each sample (range 20–267). UV‐signature mutations accounted for 64.9% (median, range 26.0%–82.1%) of point mutations. Putative driver mutations were found in five BDs (RB1 p.R445*, ARID2 p.R274*, TP53 p.Y163D/p.Y205D/p.R342*, KMT2C p.R4549C) but not in the other four lesions. Somatic mutations were not shared between multiple BD lesions collected from the same patient, indicating a different clonal origin. We also found no known pathogenic germline mutations in cancer‐related genes. The mutational signature analysis revealed that UV signatures (SBS7a/7b) and age‐related signatures (SBS1/5) were the main active signatures. Copy number alterations (CNAs) were found in two BDs: one with extensive CNA regions (21.7% of the genome), including driver genes (PIK3CA/SOX2/TP63 and MYC gain, and CDKN2A loss), and the other with 1q gain. Our study revealed that multiple BD lesions harbor distinct genomic landscapes, suggesting that they have different risks of malignant progression.
COVID‐19‐related anxieties do not decrease support for liberal democracy
Authors: ANGHEL VERONICA , SCHULTE‐CLOOS JULIA 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic led to widespread fear among the population. Early studies suggested that this resulted in exclusionary attitudes and increased support for discriminatory policy measures. We still lack an understanding of the longer‐term, potentially erosive consequences that COVID‐19‐specific anxieties may carry for citizens' commitment to liberal democratic norms. In this research note, we present evidence from an original experiment in which we manipulate individuals' cognitive accessibility of their fears related to COVID‐19. We implemented this experiment in Hungary and Romania – two cases where illiberal attitudes are most likely to amplify under conditions of fear – a year and a half after the outbreak of the pandemic. The results show that our intervention is successful in elevating respondents' levels of worry, anxiety and fear when thinking about infectious diseases like COVID‐19. However, these emotions do not carry secondary effects on individuals' levels of right‐wing authoritarianism, nationalism or outgroup hostility, nor do they affect preferences for specific discriminatory policy measures aimed to fight a potential resurgence of COVID‐19. We discuss these findings in light of the literature on the demand‐side determinants of democratic backsliding and the consequences of emotions on political behaviour.
High moisture extrusion cooking of meat analogs: A review of mechanisms of protein texturization
Authors: Schmid Eva‐Maria , Farahnaky Asgar , Adhikari Benu , Torley Peter J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh‐moisture extrusion cooking (HMEC) is an efficient method for converting proteins and polysaccharides into fibrous structure that is used in the industrial production of meat analogs. The purpose of this review is to systematically evaluate current knowledge regarding the modification of protein structure including denaturation and reassembly upon extrusion processing and to correlate this understanding to the structure of the final products. Although there is no consensus on the relative importance of a certain type of bond on extrudates’ structure, literature suggests that, regardless of moisture level, these linkages and interactions give rise to distinctive hierarchical order. Both noncovalent and disulfide bonds contribute to the extrudates’ fibrous structure. At high water levels, hydrogen and disulfide bonds play a dominant role in extrudates’ texture. The process parameters including cooking temperature, screw speed, and moisture content have significant albeit different levels of impact on the texturization process. Their correlation with the ingredients’ physiochemical properties provides a greater insight into the process–structure–function relationship of meat analogs. The tendency of protein and polysaccharide blends to phase separate rather than produce a homogeneous mix is a particularly important aspect that leads to the formation of fibrous layers when extruded. This review shows that systematic studies are required to measure and explain synergistic and competitive interactions between proteins and other ingredients such as carbohydrates with a focus on their incompatibility. The wide range of plant protein source can be utilized in the HMEC process to produce texturized products, including meat analogs.
Does wearing a surgical mask influence face touching by healthcare workers? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Joshi Anil , Jiang Yannan , Jones Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveAt the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCW) in our ED were advised against and actively discouraged from wearing masks when not seeing respiratory patients, as mask wearing was thought to increase the risk of droplet transmission by face touching. The primary objective of the present study was to determine whether HCW using face masks were more or less likely to touch their faces than those not wearing masks.MethodsWe analysed six randomly selected hours of closed circuit television footage from our staff base. Face touches were recorded electronically by trained researchers. Generalised linear mixed models were used to compare the frequency and duration of face touches with and without face masks, controlling for individual clusters, adjusting for time of footage, duration on screen and staff role.ResultsData were collected from 187 HCW. Masks were worn in 231 (36%) of 642 screen sessions. Wearing a mask did not significantly change the odds of face touching (odds ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–1.01, P = 0.055) or duration of face touch (mean difference −1.45 s, 95% CI −8.84, 5.99, P = 0.71). For mucosal areas, a significant reduction in the odds of face touching was observed for mask wearers (odds ratio 0.21, 95% CI 0.11–0.43, P < 0.001) and on the frequency of mucosal touches (rate ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.29–0.69, P < 0.001).ConclusionsMask wearing did not change face touching or the duration of face touches. However, significantly fewer mucosal touches were observed when wearing a mask, which may help to reduce nosocomial droplet transmission of viruses.
Student absenteeism and the role of police encounters
Authors: Geller Amanda , Mark Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryUsing data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we estimated associations between adolescent–police contact and several measures of school absenteeism. Adolescents self‐reported absences due to health and due to truancy; police contact was linked to both. Youth reporting police contact were absent approximately 2.2 more days in total than those not reporting contact. Police contact was also associated with a 10 percentage point increase in the probability that absenteeism concerns precipitated a parent–teacher conversation.Policy ImplicationsExtensive literature documents a “school to prison pipeline” in which aggressive school discipline exposes students to law enforcement. Less attention has been paid to how police contact outside of school shapes educational experiences. Recognizing and excusing absenteeism driven by police contact can provide students with flexibility needed to maintain educational progress. Such a policy may also signal to students stopped by police that school personnel can serve as sources of support and facilitate linkages to outside resources.
Preparation, characterization, and antifungal property of the inclusion complex of Litsea cubeba essential oil/hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and its application in preservation of Shatang mandarin
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Gaoyang , Shan Yang , Zhu Xiangrong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo explore the potential application of plant essential oil in the postharvest preservation of fruits, the inclusion complex (IC) of Litsea cubeba essential oil (LCEO) with hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD), prepared by the saturated aqueous solution method, was studied. LCEO/HPβCD‐IC was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution, and thermogravimetric‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC) analysis. The formation of LCEO/HPβCD‐IC was confirmed, and the volume average particle diameter was 24.376 µm. Due to the inclusion of HPβCD, the volatility of LCEO was significantly reduced and the thermal stability was significantly improved. In addition, the antifungal activities of the LCEO ICs were compared, and LCEO/HPβCD‐IC was more effective against the citrus postharvest pathogens (P. italicum and G. citri‐aurantii). The effects of the LCEO ICs on the postharvest quality of Shatang mandarin were studied. Compared with the control group (CK) and LCEO/βCD‐IC group, the LCEO/HPβCD‐IC group showed a significant delay in the decrease of good fruit rate, hardness, total soluble solids (TSSs), and Vitamin C (Vc) content, with a lower weight loss rate of Shatang mandarin. Therefore, LCEO/HPβCD‐IC is expected to be used as a green preservative for the storage and preservation of citrus fruits.Practical ApplicationIn this study, LCEO was encapsulated in HPβCD by the saturated aqueous solution method and the prepared inclusion complex was characterized. The effects of LCEO/HPβCD‐IC and LCEO/βCD‐IC on postharvest preservation of Shatang mandarin were compared. This work offers valuable insights into the postharvest preservation of citrus fruit by essential oil inclusion complexes.
Interaction research of resveratrol and phosvitin based on fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Li Songming , Chen Chan , Ahn Dong Uk , Ma Meihu , Li Xiaomeng , Huang Xi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhosvitin (PV) is the main phosphoprotein in egg yolk, with the highest degree of phosphorylation known in nature. The PV and resveratrol (Res) can form a complex, thus effectively improve the solubility of Res. In this work, the interaction between Res and PV was investigated by the fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking. The fluorescence emission intensity of PV became weak along with a red shift when it interacted with Res and the antioxidant activity was enhanced. The quenching constants of the interaction systems were 1.12×104 M–1 and 9.40×103 M–1 at 25°C and 35°C, respectively, which indicated the presence of static quenching phenomena between them. The binding constant was 1.80×104 M–1, and the number of corresponding binding sites was approximately equal to one. The thermodynamic results revealed the combination was spontaneous, and the change of enthalpy and entropy was ∆H = 53.50 kJ/mol, ∆S = 261.00 J/mol·K, respectively. It indicated that the interaction forces between Res and PV were mainly hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Molecular docking showed the binding mode, which was consistent with the experiment results. The research on the interaction between Res and PV provided theoretical guidance for the application of Res in food.Practical ApplicationPV is the most highly phosphorylated protein in nature and has pro‐calcium absorption effects. Res is a polyphenol with strong antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity, but its poor solubility limits its application. In this study, the solubility of Res was considerably enhanced by compounding Res and PV, and the antioxidant activity of Res was well retained. It increases the value of Res in food and other applications and opens up new possibilities for processing and utilization of PV.
Impact of inter‐hospital transfer on success of angioembolization for lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Lata Tahmina , Peacock Timothy , Limmer Alexandra , Tan Ju‐En , Wu Sara , Yeh Dean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAngioembolization is a useful therapeutic tool for lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) however is only available at centres with specialist interventional radiology departments. Delay in angioembolization of greater than 120–150 minutes is associated with higher rates of non‐therapeutic angioembolization.MethodsThis retrospective review analysed the impact of interhospital transfer on timing and success of angioembolization in adults with LGIB.ResultsOf the 121 patients who underwent CTMA at a peripheral hospital for LGIB, only 20.7% had positive CTMA (n = 25). Of the 24 patients who were transferred for the purpose of angioembolization, only five ultimately had successful embolisation (20.1%). Patients who had unsuccessful angioembolization had a significantly longer mean time from arrival at the tertiary hospital to angioembolization compared to patients who had successful angioembolization (mean 375 versus 175 min, P = 0.001). There was no association of patient haemodynamics, use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy, and transfusion requirement with success of angioembolization.ConclusionInterhospital transfer is associated with delay in angioembolization. Delay after arrival at the receiving hospital is associated with unsuccessful angioembolization.
The ‘perfect’ lens: Perfectionism and early adolescents' math self‐efficacy development
Authors: Ford Calah J. , Usher Ellen L. , Scott Veronica L. , Chen Xiao‐Yin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐efficacy, or the beliefs learners hold about what they can do, develops largely from how learners perceive and interpret four main sources of information: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasions and physiological and affective states. Although the relationship between these sources and self‐efficacy is well‐established, less is known about the factors that may influence how early adolescent learners perceive and interpret information from these sources.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate how the predisposition of perfectionism might predict how learners perceive efficacy‐relevant information in the domain of math.MethodsUsing a correlational design, this study considered whether perfectionism was associated with how middle school students (N = 1683) perceive information from the four hypothesized sources of self‐efficacy. Participants completed a paper‐based survey at two time points. Perfectionism was measured at Time 1. Self‐efficacy and its sources were measured at Time 2. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to examine the relationship between factors.Results and ConclusionsStudents who held themselves to high standards (i.e., greater self‐oriented perfectionism) reported higher levels of mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social messages and self‐efficacy. Conversely, students who felt external pressure to be perfect (i.e., socially prescribed perfectionism) reported lower levels of mastery experiences, vicarious experiences and self‐efficacy, as well as higher levels of negative physiological and affective states. The relationship between perfectionism and self‐efficacy was partially mediated by students' perceptions of mastery. This study extends the current literature on the sources of math self‐efficacy in early adolescence by showing how a predisposition like perfectionism is associated with how adolescent learners perceive and interpret efficacy‐relevant information.