bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of single rinse with three different types of mouthwashes on VSCs levels in morning breath: Randomized, double‐blind, crossover clinical trial
Authors: Luzi Silvia , Mancini Leonardo , Tarallo Francesco , Manenti Rebecca Jewel , Mattei Antonella , Fiasca Fabiana , Marchetti Enrico 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveMorning breath is a temporary and unpleasant malodour sourced from the mouth, which occurs upon awakening. This double‐blind, crossover, randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the bad‐breath suppression of three commercially available mouthwashes: Mentadent Professional® Chlorhexidine 0.05% with vitamin C (ChxC), Meridol Alito Sicuro® (SnF2) and CB12® (ZnChx) compared to a placebo (PbO) on morning halitosis.MethodsThirty‐two subjects refraining from oral hygiene practices for 12 h before the evaluation, performed a 30‐s rinse with 15 ml of mouthwash, followed by a 5‐s gargle, in the evening before bedtime. In order to assess morning halitosis, visual inspection (Winkel Tongue Coating Index), organoleptic (Rosenberg index) and chromatographic measurements were used. Gas chromatography was carried out by means of a dedicated device, the Oral Chroma. The recorded measurements have to be considered solely after the rinse since no data about the pre‐exposure were available. A washout period of 1 week passed between one administration and the next.ResultsThe mean value of the organoleptic indices after administration of ChxC mouthwash is similar to ZnChx, SnF2 and PbO values. Thus, no statistically significant differences were recorded among the mouthwashes and PbO. Nevertheless, ChxC seems to be more efficient in comparison with the PbO regarding VSCs levels analysed with Oral Chroma, (CH3SH; p = 0.0081) and [(CH3)2 S; p = 0.0003].ConclusionConsidering our limited sample, instrumental examination demonstrated that the use of the analysed mouthwashes can result in low VSCs levels after 12 h from a single rinse. Furthermore, the highest number of patients (n = 14) were proved to be free from bad smell after using a single administration of ChxC with respect to the other commercial products. The other tested mouthwashes did not show better performances with respect to the placebo after a single rinse.
Perspective: Coping with Covid‐19: An isolation risk assessment and management guideline for healthcare staff
Authors: Edwards Kim , Cowan Darrin , Brunero Scott 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe mental health consequences of pandemic isolation have been well documented extending from psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression to increased falls risk, medication errors and delirium. Whilst risk factors associated with isolation are known, there remains a gap in the guidance for healthcare staff on how to assess for these risks and develop effective management plans. Using a structured professional judgement (SPJ) approach and the author's recent experience providing consultation and leadership to clinical staff working with at‐risk patients during the pandemic, an isolation risk assessment and management guideline was developed. SPJ is an evidenced‐based analytical method used to understand and mitigate risk that was primarily developed for the assessment and management of aggression and violence. This paper discusses an evidenced‐based process used to develop the guideline and the application of its use from the author's clinical experience.
Impact of lymphadenectomy in patients with locally recurrent or persistent cervical cancer treated with salvage hysterectomy
Authors: Mabuchi Seiji , Komura Naoko , Kodama Michiko , Matsuzaki Shinya , Matsumoto Yuri , Kamiura Shoji , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the role of lymphadenectomy (LND) in locally recurrent or persistent cervical cancer patients treated with salvage hysterectomy.MethodsLocally recurrent or persistent cervical cancer patients treated with salvage hysterectomy, with or without LND, were identified. Patients were divided into two groups according to the status of radiologic evidence of lymph node metastasis, and the impact of LND was investigated by evaluating postoperative survival.ResultsThis study included 72 patients; 48 did not show radiological evidence of lymph node metastasis (Group 1) while 24 did (Group 2). Overall, the addition of LND to salvage hysterectomy resulted in increased postoperative complications. In Group 1, salvage hysterectomy plus LND resulted in the identification of five cases with false‐negative lymph nodes (19.2%), but showed no advantage over salvage hysterectomy alone in terms of postoperative survival. In Group 2, all patients underwent LND, which resulted in the identification of eight cases with false‐positive nodes (33.3%), and reasonably long postoperative survival. The estimated 3‐year postoperative survival rate in this group was 39.7%.ConclusionIncluding LND in salvage hysterectomy allows for precise lymph node staging but increases risk of postoperative complications. However, considering the inability to improve survival, LND should not be performed during salvage hysterectomy in patients without radiological evidence of lymph node metastasis. In patients with radiological evidence of lymph node metastasis, salvage hysterectomy plus LND can only be performed in those who understand the risk of postoperative complications and the limited evidence supporting its survival advantage.
Stakeholder Perspectives on the School Experiences of Students With Traumatic Brain Injury: The Effects of COVID‐19 Pandemic on Service Delivery
Authors: Unruh Deanne , Gomez Doug , Slocumb Jody , McCart Melissa , Davies Susan , Haarbauer‐Krupa Juliet , Glang Ann 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor students with traumatic brain injury (TBI), the COVID‐19 pandemic exacerbated challenges they were already experiencing at school.MethodsThis qualitative study employed focus groups and interviews with students, parents, school, and medical personnel to explore the school experiences of students with TBI. Thematic qualitative analyses were used.ResultsKey themes from the analysis include (a) incidence of brain injuries decreased; (b) screen time for students with TBI exacerbated symptoms; (c) COVID protocols at school made it difficult for educators to identify and provide accommodations for students with TBI; (d) COVID protocols at school could inadvertently exacerbate mental health difficulties after a TBI; and (e) COVID‐related logistics increased the time between an injury and return to school or return to play.Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and EquityThe results from this study suggest that professional development for teachers supporting students with TBI is needed, especially for online learning environments. Additionally, because mental/behavioral health concerns may arise for students with TBI in online learning environments, school health care providers can work with families to assess a student's mental health, making referrals to appropriate supports.ConclusionsThere is a significant need for professional development and school‐wide infrastructure supportive of students with TBI.
Punitive school discipline as a mechanism of structural marginalization with implications for health inequity: A systematic review of quantitative studies in the health and social sciences literature
Authors: Duarte Catherine dP. , Moses Candice , Brown Melissa , Kajeepeta Sandhya , Prins Seth J. , Scott Janelle , Mujahid Mahasin S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPunitive school discipline deploys surveillance, exclusion, and corporal punishment to deter or account for perceived student misbehavior. Yet, education and legal scholarship suggests it fails to achieve stated goals and exacerbates harm. Furthermore, it is disproportionately imposed upon Black, Latinx, Native/Indigenous, LGBTQIA, and disabled students, concentrating its harms among marginalized young people. Its implications for health, however, are less clear. Using public health theories of sociostructural embodiment, we propose a framework characterizing pathways linking societal ideologies (e.g., racism) to punitive discipline with implications for health and health inequity and then present our systematic review of the punitive school discipline–health literature (N = 19 studies) conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted on guiding theories, study characteristics, measurement, methods, and findings. This literature links punitive school discipline to greater risk for numerous health outcomes, including persistent depressive symptoms, depression, drug use disorder in adulthood, borderline personality disorder, antisocial behavior, death by suicide, injuries, trichomoniasis, pregnancy in adolescence, tobacco use, and smoking, with documented implications for racial health inequity. Using our adapted framework, we contextualize results and recommend avenues for future research. Our findings support demands to move away from punitive school discipline toward health‐affirming interventions to promote school connectedness, safety, and wellbeing.
The effectiveness of interventions during the first 1,000 days to improve energy balance‐related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from socio‐economically disadvantaged families of high‐income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Lioret Sandrine , Harrar Faryal , Boccia Delia , Hesketh Kylie D. , Kuswara Konsita , Van Baaren Céline , Maritano Silvia , Charles Marie‐Aline , Heude Barbara , Laws Rachel 
Published: November 2022

SummaryThis narrative systematic review examined effectiveness of interventions during pregnancy and up to 2 years of age in improving energy balance‐related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from families experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage. We identified 24 interventions, from 33 articles, since 1990. Overall, despite their heterogeneity and variability in internal and external validity, there was some evidence of beneficial impact of interventions on obesity risk (4/15), and associated behaviors, e.g.: breastfeeding (9/18), responsive feeding (11/16), diet (7/8), sedentary (1/3) and movement (4/7) behaviors, and sleep (1/2). The most effective interventions aimed at promoting breastfeeding commenced antenatally; this was similar for the prevention of obesity, provided the intervention continued for at least 2 years postnatally and was multi‐behavioral. Effective interventions were more likely to target first‐time mothers and involve professional delivery agents, multidisciplinary teams and peer groups. Among ethnic/racial minorities, interventions delivered by lay agents had some impact on dietary behavior but not weight outcomes. Co‐creation with stakeholders, including parents, and adherence to theoretical frameworks were additional ingredients for more pragmatic, inclusive, non‐judgmental, and effective programs. The growing body of evidence on obesity prevention interventions targeting families experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage is promising for reducing early inequalities in obesity risk.
Dental negligence: Root cause analysis of an oral surgery expert Witness's experience
Authors: Causey Christine , Marley John 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimClinical negligence claims are relatively common within dentistry and have added to the apprehension felt by dentists, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Previous negligence claims provide an important source of learning for other dentists through identifying contributors to claims and ways in which these may be prevented in future. This paper looks at the key contributing factors to cases using root cause analysis (RCA) and suggests measures that might be put in place to help mitigate these factors in future.Materials and MethodAn RCA was undertaken of 30 negligence cases formally reported on by a single Oral Surgeon expert witness in Northern Ireland. Common contributing factors identified were stratified into groups and each factor was individually reviewed to identify potential changes to practice that may prevent similar cases in future.ResultsFive key themes were identified as contributing to complaints, and included, task, patient, communication, organisational, and dentist‐related factors. All cases demonstrated contributing factors from multiple themes highlighting the complexity of the work environment and that there are many areas where learning and safeguards can be implemented to reduce the risk of future cases.ConclusionNegligence cases and complaints are increasingly a part of healthcare, and the Covid‐19 pandemic is likely to have compounded this situation due to reduced capacity, access barriers, deskilling, and lack of hands‐on training. There are, however, many ways to manage and mitigate common errors contributing to cases, and we hope to have been able to highlight these and suggest how they may be avoided in future cases.
Odontogenic infection; a pain in the back…
Authors: Chana Pav , Nolan Suzanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDiscitis is an infection of the intervertebral disc space which can lead to a para‐spinal abscess, paralysis, significant neurological injury or other fatal complications if untreated. Published case reports have explored an association between dental procedures and spinal infections. However, the development of discitis and a para‐spinal abscess secondary to a dental infection, without a history of dental treatment, has never been reported before. We report such a case where the haematogenous spread of bacteria from a 64‐year‐old man's odontogenic infection was established as the probable cause of his discitis. He presented to the accident and emergency twice complaining of back pain, pyrexia, and tachycardia, he was subsequently diagnosed with discitis and a para‐spinal abscess. Both resolved following extraction of the infected tooth and long‐term antibiotics.
Between a rock and a hard place: Balancing the duties of political responsiveness and legality in the civil service
Authors: Bischoff Carina Saxlund 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCivil servants play a key role in upholding the core democratic principles of majority rule and legality in daily government operations. Yet we know little about how civil servants balance these principles in practice—or why. This study asks and answers these questions by qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing Danish civil servants' responses to survey questions on dilemmas that force them to choose between their duty to be responsive to government and their duty to uphold the law. To explain their choices, the analysis draws on rational and sociological institutional theories of bureaucratic behavior. The results suggest that factors related to both rational self‐interest and socialization explain that as many as one in four civil servants choose responsiveness over legality. Formal organizational roles also predict their behavior.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in serine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4) deficiency: Report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Uygun Vedat , Keleş Sevgi , Daloğlu Hayriye , Öztürkmen Seda , Yalçın Koray , Karasu Gülsün , Yeşilipek Akif 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSerine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4) deficiency is a combined immunodeficiency (CID) characterized by early onset recurrent bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative therapy for CID; however, little is known about the necessity and benefits of HSCT in patients with STK4 deficiency.MethodsWe report two siblings with STK4 deficiency transplanted from two unrelated donors with the same conditioning regimen.ResultsIn the conditioning regimen, rituximab was given on Day −11 (375 mg/m2), and sirolimus was added on the same day. Busulfan was administered at a myeloablative dose (3.2 mg/kg; Days −7 to −4) with 150 mg/m2 of fludarabine (Days −7 to −3). They were transplanted with peripheral blood stem cells, and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was administered with 10 mg/m2 methotrexate on Days 1, 3, and 6. In addition, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was started on Day 1 with ongoing use of sirolimus. We did not encounter veno‐occlusive disease (VOD), high‐grade acute GVHD, or significant organ toxicity in either patient. Both patients were well at the end of the first year after HSCT with complete donor chimerism.ConclusionsSerine/threonine kinase 4 deficiency is a disease with high mortality post‐HSCT; therefore, the conditioning regimen and GVHD prophylaxis strategies are important considerations in these patients. In our opinion, the conditioning regimen, which includes rituximab and busulfan and fludarabine (BU‐FLU), GVHD prophylaxis with sirolimus and MMF, and short‐term methotrexate, offers favorable outcomes and is well tolerated in our STK4‐deficient patients.
Risk of a blood donation contaminated with hepatitis E virus entering the blood supply before the implementation of universal RNA screening in France
Authors: Pillonel Josiane , Maugard Claude , Sommen Cécile , Figoni Julie , Pierre Chloé , LeCam Sophie , Richard Pascale , Morel Pascal , Gallian Pierre , Laperche Syria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe risk of a blood donation contaminated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) entering the blood supply before introducing universal HEV‐RNA screening in France was estimated to assess the benefit of such a measure.Materials and MethodsThe results of selective HEV nucleic acid testing (HEV‐NAT) performed in mini pool of six plasma donations between 2018 and 2020 were extrapolated to the whole blood donor (BD) population after adjustment on three variables: regional establishment, sex and age group.ResultsAmong the 246,285 plasma donations collected from 172,635 BDs tested for HEV‐RNA, 248 (10.1/10,000) were positive. The extrapolation to all BDs led to an estimated rate of 5.9/10,000 donations (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5–7.4) which would be positive to HEV‐RNA and a prevalence of 9.9/10,000 BDs (95% CI: 7.5–12.3). This prevalence was 4.4 times higher in males than females (16.8/10,000 vs. 3.8/10,000, p < 10−4). The highest prevalence was observed in males in the 30–39 age group (20.5/10,000) and the lowest in females in the 50–70 age group (2.8/10,000).ConclusionThe risk of an HEV‐RNA‐positive donation entering the blood supply was estimated at 1 in 1682 donations. This risk does not translate directly to the risk of HEV transfusion transmission, which mainly depends on the total number of viral particles in the transfused blood component and the sensitivity of NAT.
As Possibilidades da Tradução Jurídica, Seus Limites e Impactos nos Estudos Jurídicos Comparados
Authors: Campos Dutra Deo 
Published: November 2022

O debate em torno da possibilidade da tradução jurídica é, recentemente, um dos campos de pesquisa mais interessantes e sofisticados dos estudos jurídicos comparados. Marcado pela interdisciplinaridade e em profundo diálogo com diversos campos do saber exteriores ao direito, o campo apresenta pontos de reflexão que são de interesse para toda pesquisa científica jurídica, quer seja ela focada no direito interno ou internacional. Esta pesquisa possui como problema central questionar a efetividade ou não da realização da chamada tradução jurídica. Para isso, pretende apresentar duas hipóteses principais que se contrapõe entre os juristas comparatistas. A primeira delas é aquela que argumenta pela possibilidade da tradução jurídica ser realizada e aplicada de forma cientificamente rigorosa e eficaz, em que pese os limites encontrados nessa tarefa. A segunda, por outro lado, advoga pela impossibilidade da tradução no campo do direito tal qual é feita atualmente, defendendo que os prejuízos inevitáveis decorrentes de todo processo de tradução inviabilizariam a empreitada no campo do direito. Para responder ao problema em torno da questão, adotamos uma abordagem metodológica descritiva e analítica, à partir do método hipotético-dedutivo, privilegiando pesquisas qualitativas de cunho bibliográfico.
Numerical Investigation of the Fuel/Air Ratio Sensor Sensitivity in a Port-Fuel-Injected Spark-Ignition Engine Equipped With Three-Way Catalysts
Authors: Yang Ruomiao , Sun Xiaoxia , Zhang Yu , Fu Jiahong , Liu Zhentao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The internal combustion engine will continue to be the primary source of power for transportation. Spark ignition (SI) engines are still widely used for mobility due to their wide range of operating conditions. The key operating variables of an engine are primarily controlled by an engine control unit that has been calibrated. However, a less accurate sensor can lead to large variations in engine performance and emissions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of air–fuel ratio sensor precision during operation of various engines. In this study, a one-dimensional (1D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was used to analyze the engine response due to the variation of the equivalence ratio sensor precision at different engine speeds and loads, to explore the main indicators influenced by the precision of equivalence ratio measurements, and to propose a discriminant criterion for evaluating the suitability of the proposed equivalence ratio precision in relation to the conversion rate of three-way catalyst and vehicle emissions. The results show that for engine performance, it varies slightly with small changes in the fuel-to-air ratio. At higher engine speeds, a slight change in the air–fuel ratio leads to a smaller change in emissions. At the same time, changes in fuel-to-air ratio have a significant effect on carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. Carbon monoxide is the most sensitive to the air–fuel ratio, followed by nitrogen oxides, while unburned hydrocarbons are not sensitive to it. And for the three measurement accuracies studied in this paper (0.5%, 1%, and 2%), the accuracies are acceptable, but combining the relative errors of the actual emissions of CO and in order to achieve accurate combustion control, it is recommended that the sensor accuracy should be at least higher than 1% for the port fuel injected engine investigated in this study.
Parametric Investigation of a V-Shape Ribbed Absorber Tube in Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors
Authors: Altwijri Faisal , Sherif S. A. , Alshwairekh Ahmed M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on a parametric investigation of the thermal enhancement of a double-reflector parabolic trough collector when employing an in-line mixed V-shape (IMVS) ribbed absorber tube. Three heat transfer fluids (HTFs) are investigated, and a wide range of fluid inlet temperatures are studied. Various geometric parameters of the V-shape rib are analyzed to determine the optimum design of such a modification to the wall of the absorber tube. Results show that the HTF thermal oil Syltherm 800 is superior to the other HTFs that were studied. Results also show that a lower inlet temperature of the HTF leads to better thermo-hydraulic performance. The study provides a set of values for designing a V-shape ribbed absorber tube that produces optimum thermo-hydraulic performance. The optimum ribbed tube design shows a performance enhancement of about 64% compared to a smooth tube.