bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in symptomatology in people with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: protocol for a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Ferrer-Quintero Marta , Verdaguer-Rodriguez Marina , Esteban Sanjusto Marina , Serra-Arumí Clara , Usall Judith , Ochoa Susana , Bighelli Irene , García-Mieres Helena 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Sex differences in symptomatology in people with psychosis have been studied extensively in recent decades. Although studies have pointed to such differences, to date there is no review that has performed a systematic search and quantitative synthesis. In this paper, we describe the protocol for a pairwise meta-analysis comparing a range of symptom outcome measures between men and women diagnosed with a psychotic spectrum disorder at different stages of the disorder (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021264942). In August 2021 we conducted systematic searches of PsychInfo, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Dialnet to identify observational studies that report data on symptoms for males and females separately. Two independent reviewers will conduct literature searches, select studies, extract data, assess the risk of bias and assess outcome quality. To assess the effect size of all outcome measures, we will conduct pairwise meta-analysis using random-effects models. The quality of studies will be evaluated using a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's quality assessment tool and the confidence in the results will be evaluated using the GRADE tool. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses will be conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. No ethical problems are foreseen. Results from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.
Hypomagnesemia and Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Oost Lynette J , Tack Cees J , de Baaij Jeroen H F 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHypomagnesemia is 10-fold more common in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) than in the healthy population. Factors that are involved in this high prevalence are low Mg2+ intake, gut microbiome composition, medication use, and presumably genetics. Hypomagnesemia is associated with insulin resistance, which subsequently increases the risk to develop T2D or deteriorates glycemic control in existing diabetes. Mg2+ supplementation decreases T2D-associated features like dyslipidemia and inflammation, which are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between serum Mg2+ and the risk of developing heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), and microvascular disease in T2D. The potential protective effect of Mg2+ on HF and AF may be explained by reduced oxidative stress, fibrosis, and electrical remodeling in the heart. In microvascular disease, Mg2+ reduces the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia and improves endothelial dysfunction; however, clinical studies assessing the effect of long-term Mg2+ supplementation on CVD incidents are lacking, and gaps remain on how Mg2+ may reduce CVD risk in T2D. Despite the high prevalence of hypomagnesemia in people with T2D, routine screening of Mg2+ deficiency to provide Mg2+ supplementation when needed is not implemented in clinical care as sufficient clinical evidence is lacking. In conclusion, hypomagnesemia is common in people with T2D and is involved both as cause, probably through molecular mechanisms leading to insulin resistance, and as consequence and is prospectively associated with development of HF, AF, and microvascular complications. Whether long-term supplementation of Mg2+ is beneficial, however, remains to be determined.
Το πένθος προσφέρει ζωή: Βιοηθικοί προβληματισμοί στο πεδίο των μεταμοσχεύσεων
Authors: Ζάννη Αναστασία 
Published: November 2022

Οι μεταμοσχεύσεις οργάνων ανθρωπίνου σώματος, είτε από ζώντες, είτε από νεκρούς δότες, με την πρώτη επιτυχημένη επέμβαση να πραγματοποιείται το 1954 από την χειρουργική ομάδα του Joseph Murray, αποτελούν ένα από τα σημαντικότερα επιτεύγματα της Ιατρικής επιστήμης κατά την διάρκεια του 20ου αιώνα, συγκρινόμενη ίσως, μόνο με ανακάλυψη της πενικιλίνης από τον Fleming το 1928 και του εμβολίου ενάντια στην πολιομυελίτιδα από τον Salk το 1955. Στην χώρα μας, η πρώτη επιτυχημένη μεταμόσχευση νεφρού πραγματοποιήθηκε στην Θεσσαλονίκη, το 1968. Με την παρούσα ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας θα παρουσιαστούν με λεπτομέρειες μία σειρά από πτυχές, οι οποίες χαρακτηρίζουν την δυναμική και τις προοπτικές που έχουν οι μεταμοσχεύσεις στην Ελλάδα.
Δυστυχώς, σε αντίθεση με πολλές χώρες της Ευρώπης και της Αμερικής, στις οποίες σταδιακά διαπιστώνεται αύξηση, χρόνο με τον χρόνο του αριθμού των πραγματοποιηθέντων μεταμοσχεύσεων οργάνων σώματος, στην χώρα μας τα στοιχεία δεν απέχουν πολύ από το να χαρακτηριστούν απογοητευτικά, με τον δείκτη δωρεάς (δότες ανά εκατομμύριο πληθυσμού) να κυμαίνεται στο επίπεδο του 4.7, με τον Ευρωπαϊκό μέσο όρο να είναι άνω του 20. Τα αίτια για τις άσχημες αυτές επιδόσεις είναι πολλά – ανάμεσά τους τα διαχρονικά προβλήματα εμπιστοσύνης που διακατέχουν την ελληνική κοινωνία σε σχέση με τις διαδικασίες μεταμόσχευσης οργάνων, η πλημμελής στήριξη των προσπαθειών από τα μέσα μαζικής ενημέρωσης, η ελάχιστη συμμετοχή των διαφόρων βαθμίδων της εκπαίδευσης, οι σημαντικές ελλείψεις σε υποδομές και καταρτισμένο προσωπικό και βέβαια, πρόσφατα, η πανδημία της νόσου COVID-19, η οποία έχει επηρεάσει δυσμενώς την παγκόσμια μεταμοσχευτική δραστηριότητα.
Προκειμένου να αναταχθεί η συγκεκριμένη δυσμενής εικόνα, χρειάζεται να γίνουν άμεσα στοχευμένες δράσεις, ανάμεσα στις οποίες περιλαμβάνεται η συνεχής ενημέρωση του κοινού και η σημαντική ενίσχυση και συνεχιζόμενη εκπαίδευση του επιστημονικού και υλικοτεχνικού δυναμικού σε όλα τα γενικά νοσοκομεία της χώρας. Σημαντικό ρόλο στον συγκεκριμένο στόχο έχει η εισαγωγή και στην χώρα μας του θεσμού του βιοηθικού διαμεσολαβητή, ο οποίος με τις εξειδικευμένες γνώσεις του θα μπορέσει να επιλύσει πολλά από τα νομικά και ηθικά διλήμματα, τα οποία προκύπτουν σε καθημερινή βάση στο πολύπλοκο πλαίσιο της μεταμόσχευσης οργάνων σώματος, και για τα οποία, έως και σήμερα δεν είναι επαρκώς καταρτισμένοι να αντιμετωπίσουν οι επιστήμονες υγείας οι οποίοι εμπλέκονται στα διάφορα στάδια της διαδικασίας.
The Role and Importance of Continuous Technological Education in the Reindustrialization of the Domestic Economy
Authors: Policinskiy E. , Lysenko V. , Sinenko V. 
Published: November 2022

The state of the domestic economy, the political and socio-economic situation dictate the need for a new industrialization. The article substantiates the need for reindustrialization in Russia, the foundation of which should be continuous technological education at all levels: general education school - SVE institutions - HE institutions. Need shown:
	systematic, active use of professionally-oriented learning technologies based on an activity approach, contextual, problem-based and project-based learning with the establishment and implementation of systematic intersubject relationships between academic disciplines and the corresponding formation of students' learning activities;
	creation of a regularly updated bank of contextual tasks and tasks (examples of such tasks and tasks are given), creative tasks related to future professional activities, practice-oriented educational projects.
Educational activities should be carried out with regular interaction between practitioners (technicians, technologists, engineers), teachers and teachers of general education, general professional and special disciplines, which should become the basis for training personnel with a wide range of technological competencies capable of effectively solving the problems of a new industrialization of the country.
Adipokines in gestational diabetes
Authors: Łopuszyńska Anna Małgorzata , Ochyra Łukasz , Pawlicki Mateusz , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is any hyperglycemic condition that has appeared for the first time in previously healthy pregnant women. The incidence varies from 1% to 20% and is constantly increasing. GDM results in numerous complications for both the fetus and the mother. Adipokines are a group of protein hormones and cytokines that are secreted by adipose tissue. They affect glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, appetite, and immune response. Due to their involvement in these processes, there are more and more reports that adipokines influence the pathomechanism of gestational diabetes.
Material and methods, aim: The literature in the PubMed scientific database published in 2015-2022 was searched using the keywords: gestational diabetes, adipokines. The aim of this review is to present the role of adipokines in the pathomechanism of gestational diabetes as well as their potential role in the detection and treatment of this condition.
Results: The pathophysiology of gestational diabetes is not fully understood. It has been noted that mothers with GDM have elevated levels of leptin. In turn, the level of adiponectin is lower in women with gestational diabetes compared to healthy women. Adipokines such as visphatin, resistin or chimerin are also suspected of a possible role in the pathomechanism of the disease. These reports could lead to the discovery of a biomarker for the rapid detection of GDM.
Conclusions: Gestational diabetes is a common disease in pregnancy, the incidence of which is constantly increasing. Its complications are dangerous for both the mother and her baby. That is why research is important that will allow us to learn about its pathomechanism, to detect it faster, and to prevent it. Studies using adipokines show promising results, hence the urgent need for more randomized, multicentre studies to better understand their role in gestational diabetes.
2D spot size converter using a multilevel asymmetric coupler MAC structure for Si photonics planar technology
Authors: El-Sabban Salwa , Khalil Diaa 
Published: November 2022

In this work, we present an architecture for the design of an integrated optical spot size converter using planar technology. The proposed architecture is based on the use of multilevel planar structures without using vertical tapers. The function of the vertical taper is replaced by a horizontal taper and a multilevel asymmetric coupler structure. The proposed technique, used to couple a single-mode fiber with a core diameter of 8.2 µm to a silica-over-silicon waveguide with a

2

µ

m

×

4

µ

m

cross section, has a coupling efficiency greater than 98% without the need for a vertical coupler. The coupling transformation of the spot of the standard

500

n
m

×

220

n
m

Si photonics waveguide to the fundamental mode of a

1

µ

m

×

1

µ

m

waveguide is also demonstrated with a coupling efficiency greater than 92%. This technique offers very high flexibility in the coupling between different waveguides with different cross sections.
Computer security incident response teams: are they legally regulated? The Swiss example
Authors: Meyer Pauline , Métille Sylvain 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComputer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs) or Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) are an integral part of incident handling capabilities and are increasingly demanded by organizations such as critical infrastructures. They can hold many different skills and are of great interest to organizations in terms of cyber security and, more concretely, cyber incident management. This contribution seeks to analyze the extent to which their activity is regulated under Swiss law, considering that private CSIRTs are not regulated in the same way as governmental and national CSIRTs such as the Computer Emergency Response Team of the Swiss government and official national CERT of Switzerland (GovCERT).
COVID-19 deaths in children and young people in England, March 2020 to December 2021: An active prospective national surveillance study
Authors: Bertran Marta , Amin-Chowdhury Zahin , Davies Hannah G. , Allen Hester , Clare Tom , Davison Chloe , Sinnathamby Mary , Seghezzo Giulia , Kall Meaghan , Williams Hannah , Gent Nick , Ramsay Mary E. , Ladhani Shamez N. , Oligbu Godwin 
Published: November 2022

Background
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths are rare in children and young people (CYP). The high rates of asymptomatic and mild infections complicate assessment of cause of death in CYP. We assessed the cause of death in all CYP with a positive Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test since the start of the pandemic in England.

Methods and findings
CYP aged <20 years who died within 100 days of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 01 March 2020 and 31 December 2021 in England were followed up in detail, using national databases, surveillance questionnaires, post-mortem reports, and clinician interviews.
There were 185 deaths during the 22-month follow-up and 81 (43.8%) were due to COVID-19. Compared to non-COVID-19 deaths in CYP with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, death due to COVID-19 was independently associated with older age (aOR 1.06 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.11, p = 0.02) and underlying comorbidities (aOR 2.52 95% CI 1.27 to 5.01, p = 0.008), after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity group, and underlying conditions, with a shorter interval between SARS-CoV-2 testing and death. Half the COVID-19 deaths (41/81, 50.6%) occurred within 7 days of confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 91% (74/81) within 30 days. Of the COVID-19 deaths, 61 (75.3%) had an underlying condition, especially severe neurodisability (n = 27) and immunocompromising conditions (n = 12). Over the 22-month surveillance period, SARS-CoV-2 was responsible for 1.2% (81/6,790) of all deaths in CYP aged <20 years, with an infection fatality rate of 0.70/100,000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in this age group estimated through real-time, nowcasting modelling, and a mortality rate of 0.61/100,000. Limitations include possible under-ascertainment of deaths in CYP who were not tested for SARS-CoV-2 and lack of direct access to clinical data for hospitalised CYP.

Conclusions
COVID-19 deaths remain extremely rare in CYP, with most fatalities occurring within 30 days of infection and in children with specific underlying conditions.
Umbilical cord blood interleukin-6 level as a predictor of early-onset neonatal sepsis
Authors: Fadilah Arya Adnan , Haksari Ekawaty Lutfia , Wandita Setya 
Published: November 2022

Background Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem contributing significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is difficult to clinically distinguish neonates with and without sepsis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration in neonates has high sensitivity and specificity to predict neonatal sepsis in infants at risk.
Objective To determine the utility of umbilical cord blood IL-6 as a predictor of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in neonates born to mothers with sepsis risk factors from December 2020 to January 2021. We measured IL-6 from umbilical cord blood taken after placental expulsion. IL-6 ³16.4 pg/ml was considered to be elevated. Subjects were monitored for signs of clinical sepsis until 72 hours after birth. We also recorded the presence of other maternal and infant risk factors of sepsis and assessed association between IL-6 and other risk factors with the occurrence of sepsis, expressed as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI).
Results During the study period, 40 neonates were born to mothers with sepsis risk factors; 13 (32.5%) developed clinical sepsis. Significantly more infants with elevated IL-6 developed neonatal sepsis (55.5%) than those with normal IL-6 (13.6%). After multivariate analysis incorporating other significant variables, the risk factors predictive of clinical early-onset neonatal sepsis were IL-6 [RR 5.54 (95%CI 1.68-18.25); P=0.016], prematurity [RR 4.92 (95%CI 1.66-14.59); P=0.014], and initial Apgar score [RR 3.38 (95%CI 1.34-3.38); P=0.046].
Conclusion In neonates with maternal risk factors, an IL-6 level of ³16.4 pg/ml is associated with an increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
Calcitriol levels and the stage of chronic kidney disease in children
Authors: Trisiana Diska Yulia , Yani Finny Fitry , Amelin Fitrisia , Pabuti Aumas 
Published: November 2022

Background Kidney damage in chronic kidney disease (CKD) disrupts the 1?-hydroxylase enzyme, preventing the conversion of vitamin D into the active form of calcitriol. To our knowledge, no previous studies have assessed calcitriol levels in children with CKD. Decreased vitamin D levels may occur at an early stage of the disease, so it is important to evaluate calcitriol levels in children with early stage CKD.
Objective To assess calcitriol levels in children with CKD according to disease stage and other characteristics.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 43 pediatric CKD patients at Dr. M Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. We recorded patient characteristics and performed laboratory tests, including routine hematology, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, electrolytes, calcium, and calcitriol levels. Based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), patients were grouped into either early-stage (stages I and II), or advanced-stage (stages III to V) CKD. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the association between calcitriol levels with disease stage and other characteristics.
Results The overall mean calcitriol level of our subjects was 108.77 (SD 10.79) pmol/L. Mean levels at each CKD stage from I to V were 164.28 (SD 160.90), 94.14 (SD 50.63), 72.16 (SD 13.18), 62.92 (SD 4.87), and 67.51 (SD 4.87) pmol/L, respectively. Calcitriol levels did not differ significantly by CKD stage (P=0.114) when each stage from I to V was considered separately. There was no significant difference in calcitriol levels by growth characteristics (P=0.944), etiology (P=0.311), or anemic status (P=0.104). However, low calcitriol levels were found in all subjects with advanced stage CKD, compared to 63.6% subjects with early stage CKD (P=0.004). Mean calcitriol levels were significantly lower in CKD stage IV (P=0.049) and stage V (P=0.027) compared to stage I.
Conclusions The decrease in calcitriol level occurs at an early stage in CKD. Calcitriol levels are significantly lower in advanced stage than in early stage CKD.
In-situ measurements of wall moisture in a historic building in response to the installation of an impermeable floor
Authors: Briggs Kevin , Ball Richard , McCaig Iain 
Published: November 2022

When impermeable ground bearing slabs are installed in old buildings without a damp-proof course, it is a common belief of conservation practitioners that ground moisture will be ‘driven’ up adjacent walls by capillary action. However, there is limited evidence to test this hypothesis.
An experiment was used to determine if the installation of a vapour-proof barrier above a flagstone floor in a historic building would increase moisture content levels in an adjacent stone rubble wall. This was achieved by undertaking measurements of wall, soil and atmospheric moisture content over a 3-year period. Measurements taken using timber dowels showed that the moisture content within the wall did not vary in response to wall evaporation rates and did not increase following the installation of a vapour-proof barrier above the floor. This indicates that the moisture levels in the rubble wall were not influenced by changes in the vapour-permeability of the floor.
Isoperimetric and Poincaré Inequalities on Non-Self-Similar Sierpiński Sponges: the Borderline Case
Authors: Eriksson-Bique Sylvester , Gong Jasun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper we construct a large family of examples of subsets of Euclidean space that support a 1-Poincaré inequality yet have empty interior. These examples are formed from an iterative process that involves removing well-behaved domains, or more precisely, domains whose complements are uniform in the sense of Martio and Sarvas.
While existing arguments rely on explicit constructions of Semmes families of curves, we include a new way of obtaining Poincaré inequalities through the use of relative isoperimetric inequalities, after Korte and Lahti. To do so, we further introduce the notion of of isoperimetric inequalities at given density levels and a way to iterate such inequalities. These tools are presented and apply to general metric measure measures. Our examples subsume the previous results of Mackay, Tyson, and Wildrick regarding non-self similar Sierpiński carpets, and extend them to many more general shapes as well as higher dimensions.
Inverse Gauss Curvature Flows and Orlicz Minkowski Problem
Authors: Chen Bin , Cui Jingshi , Zhao Peibiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Liu and Lu [27] investigated a generalized Gauss curvature flow and obtained an even solution to the dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem under some appropriate assumptions. The present paper investigates a inverse Gauss curvature flow, and achieves the long-time existence and convergence of this flow via a different C
0-estimate technique under weaker conditions. As an application of this inverse Gauss curvature flow, the present paper first arrives at a non-even smooth solution to the Orlicz Minkowski problem.
AI and Redistricting: Useful Tool for the Courts or Another Source of Obfuscation?
Authors: Cho Wendy K. Tam , Cain Bruce E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Redistricting is a politically fraught exercise. Recently, new technology has emerged that has the potential to improve the redistricting process by providing information to aid in judicial oversight. These scientific advances create the potential to improve societal governance but are also potentially manipulable by partisan interests. To avoid these negative externalities, we must thoughtfully design the processes, implement safeguards, and have clear policies that regulate and steer the emerging AI toward democratically favorable goals. We propose institutional changes toward these aims.
Adverse childhood experience categories and subjective cognitive decline in adulthood: an analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Terry Rachel M. , Schiffmacher Sadie E. , Dutcher Avery A. , Croff Julie M. , Jelley Martina J. , Hartwell Micah L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Context
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact health outcomes later in life, in a dose–dependent relationship; however, little is known about the impact of the individual ACE categories and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) later in life.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the associations among the eight ACEs and SCD.

Methods
We analyzed data from two cycles of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS; 2019–2020). We assessed the accumulation of ACEs and their association with SCD, and among individuals reporting only one ACE, we utilized logistic regression to compare the likelihood of reporting SCD and symptomology among the eight categories of adversity.

Results
Among included respondents, 10.14% reported experiencing SCD. More ACEs were reported among those with SCD (mean, 2.61; SD, 2.56) compared to those without SCD (mean, 1.44; SD, 1.91). Those with higher ACE scores were significantly less likely to have spoken with a healthcare provider about their cognitive decline. Individuals reporting one ACE of either family mental illness, family substance abuse, family incarceration, emotional abuse, or physical abuse had significantly greater odds of reporting memory loss compared to individuals with no ACEs.

Conclusions
Having multiple ACEs was significantly associated with higher odds of SCD and associated limitation of social activity and was inversely associated with getting help when it is needed. Further, many ACE categories were associated with SCD – a novel addition to the literature and the methodology utilized herein. Interventions focused on improving cognitive health and preventing cognitive decline should consider the potential role of ACEs among affected populations.