bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Police shootings, now that seems to be the main issue” – Black pregnant women’s anticipation of police brutality towards their children
Authors: Mehra Renee , Alspaugh Amy , Franck Linda S. , McLemore Monica R. , Kershaw Trace S. , Ickovics Jeannette R. , Keene Danya E. , Sewell Alyasah A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
A disproportionate number of people who are killed by police each year are Black. While much attention rightly remains on victims of police brutality, there is a sparse literature on police brutality and perinatal health outcomes. We aimed to explore how Black pregnant women perceive police brutality affects them during pregnancy and might affect their children.

Methods
This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews among 24 Black pregnant women in New Haven, Connecticut (January 2017 to August 2018). Interview questions explored neighborhood factors, safety, stressors during pregnancy, and anticipated stressors while parenting. Grounded theory informed the analysis.

Results
Participants, regardless of socioeconomic status, shared experiences with police and beliefs about anticipated police brutality, as summarized in the following themes: (1) experiences that lead to police distrust – “If this is the way that mommy’s treated [by police]”; (2) anticipating police brutality – “I’m always expecting that phone call”; (3) stress and fear during pregnancy – “It’s a boy, [I feel] absolutely petrified”; and (4) ‘the talk’ about avoiding police brutality – “How do you get prepared?” Even participants who reported positive experiences with police anticipated brutality towards their children.

Conclusions
Interactions between Black people and police on a personal, familial, community, and societal level influenced how Black pregnant women understand the potential for police brutality towards their children. Anticipated police brutality is a source of stress during pregnancy, which may adversely influence maternal and infant health outcomes. Police brutality must be addressed in all communities to prevent harming the health of birthing people and their children.
Holoprosencephalia, hypoplasia of corpus callosum and cerebral heterotopia in a male belted Galloway heifer with adipsia
Authors: Nessler Jasmin , Wunderlich Christian , Eikelberg Deborah , Beineke Andreas , Raue Jonathan , Runge Martin , Tipold Andrea , Ganter Martin , Rehage Jürgen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Specialized neurons in the diencephalon detect blood hypernatremia in dehydrated animals. These neurons are connected with the pituitary gland, subsequently producing antidiuretic hormone to reabsorb water from urine in the kidneys, and to the forebrain to generate thirst and trigger drinking behavior.

Case presentation
This is the first case report describing clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and necropsy results of a Belted Galloway heifer with severe clinical signs of dehydration and hypernatremia, but concurrent adipsia and isosthenuria. Due to insufficient recovery with symptomatic treatment, owners elected euthanasia. Postmortem MRI and necropsy revealed a complex forebrain malformation: mild abnormal gyrification of the forebrain cortex, lobar holoprosencephaly, and corpus callosum hypoplasia. The affected brain structures are well known to be involved in osmoregulation and generation of thirst in dogs, humans and rodents.

Conclusions
Complex forebrain malformation can be involved in the pathogenesis of hypernatremia and adipsia in bovines.
The distributional effects of tobacco tax increases across regions in Mexico: an extended cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Saenz-de-Miera Belen , Wu Daphne C. , Essue Beverly M. , Maldonado Norman , Jha Prabhat , Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of tobacco fiscal policy, but distributional effects have been less examined, especially at the subnational level. The objective of this study is to analyse the distributional effects of a one-peso tobacco tax increase (roughly equivalent to tripling the current excise tax) on health, poverty, and financial outcomes at the subnational level in Mexico.

Methods
We employ an extended cost-effectiveness analysis that estimates life-years gained, smoking attributable deaths averted, treatment costs averted, number of persons avoiding poverty and catastrophic health expenditures, and additional tax revenues by income group across five regions.

Results
With the one-peso tax increase (or 44% price increase), about 1.5 million smokers would quit smoking across the five regions, resulting in nearly 630 thousand premature deaths averted and 12.6 million life years gained. The bottom income quintile would gain three times more life years gains than the top quintile (ratio 3:1), and the largest gain for the most deprived would occur in the South (ratio 19:1), the region with the highest poverty incidence. Costs averted and additional tax revenues would reach 44.6 and 16.2 billion pesos, respectively. Moreover, 251 thousand individuals would avoid falling into poverty, including 53.2 in the lowest income quintile, and 563.9 thousand would avoid catastrophic health expenditures. Overall, the bottom income group would obtain 26% of the life years gained and 24% of the cost averted, while only paying 3% of the additional tax revenue.

Conclusions
The most significant gains from a substantial cigarette price increase would be for the poorest 20%, especially in the South, the most impoverished region of Mexico. Therefore, tobacco taxes are an opportunity for governments to advance in equity and towards the achievement of sustainable development goals on non-communicable diseases.
Modeling present and future climate risk of dengue outbreak, a case study in New Caledonia
Authors: Ochida Noé , Mangeas Morgan , Dupont-Rouzeyrol Myrielle , Dutheil Cyril , Forfait Carole , Peltier Alexandre , Descloux Elodie , Menkes Christophe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Dengue dynamics result from the complex interactions between the virus, the host and the vector, all being under the influence of the environment. Several studies explored the link between weather and dengue dynamics and some investigated the impact of climate change on these dynamics. Most attempted to predict incidence rate at a country scale or assess the environmental suitability at a global or regional scale. Here, we propose a new approach which consists in modeling the risk of dengue outbreak at a local scale according to climate conditions and study the evolution of this risk taking climate change into account. We apply this approach in New Caledonia, where high quality data are available.

Methods
We used a statistical estimation of the effective reproduction number (Rt) based on case counts to create a categorical target variable : epidemic week/non-epidemic week. A machine learning classifier has been trained using relevant climate indicators in order to estimate the probability for a week to be epidemic under current climate data and this probability was then estimated under climate change scenarios.

Results
Weekly probability of dengue outbreak was best predicted with the number of days when maximal temperature exceeded 30.8°C and the mean of daily precipitation over 80 and 60 days prior to the predicted week respectively. According to scenario RCP8.5, climate will allow dengue outbreak every year in New Caledonia if the epidemiological and entomological contexts remain the same.

Conclusion
We identified locally relevant climatic factor driving dengue outbreaks in New Caledonia and assessed the inter-annual and seasonal risk of dengue outbreak under different climate change scenarios up to the year 2100. We introduced a new modeling approach to estimate the risk of dengue outbreak depending on climate conditions. This approach is easily reproducible in other countries provided that reliable epidemiological and climate data are available.
Using theories and frameworks to understand how to reduce low-value healthcare: a scoping review
Authors: Parker Gillian , Shahid Nida , Rappon Tim , Kastner Monika , Born Karen , Berta Whitney 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is recognition that the overuse of procedures, testing, and medications constitutes low-value care which strains the healthcare system and, in some circumstances, can cause unnecessary stress and harm for patients. Initiatives across dozens of countries have raised awareness about the harms of low-value care but have had mixed success and the levels of reductions realized have been modest. Similar to the complex drivers of implementation processes, there is a limited understanding of the individual and social behavioral aspects of de-implementation. While researchers have begun to use theory to elucidate the dynamics of de-implementation, the research remains largely atheoretical. The use of theory supports the understanding of how and why interventions succeed or fail and what key factors predict success. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and characterize the use of theoretical approaches used to understand and/or explain what influences efforts to reduce low-value care.MethodsWe conducted a review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus databases from inception to June 2021. Building on previous research, 43 key terms were used to search the literature. The database searches identified 1998 unique articles for which titles and abstracts were screened for inclusion; 232 items were selected for full-text review.ResultsForty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Over half of the included articles were published in the last 2 years. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was the most commonly used determinant framework (n= 22). Of studies that used classic theories, the majority used the Theory of Planned Behavior (n= 6). For implementation theories, Normalization Process Theory and COM-B were used (n= 7). Theories or frameworks were used primarily to identify determinants (n= 37) and inform data analysis (n= 31). Eleven types of low-value care were examined in the included studies, with prescribing practices (e.g., overuse, polypharmacy, and appropriate prescribing) targeted most frequently.ConclusionsThis scoping review provides a rigorous, comprehensive, and extensive synthesis of theoretical approaches used to understand and/or explain what factors influence efforts to reduce low-value care. The results of this review can provide direction and insight for future primary research to support de-implementation and the reduction of low-value care.
The effect of interventions anticipated to improve plantar intrinsic foot muscle strength on fall‐related dynamic function in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Willemse Lydia , Wouters Eveline J. M. , Bronts Henk M. , Pisters Martijn F. , Vanwanseele Benedicte 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs) have a role in dynamic functions, such as balance and propulsion, which are vital to walking. These muscles atrophy in older adults and therefore this population, which is at high risk to falling, may benefit from strengthening these muscles in order to improve or retain their gait performance. Therefore, the aim was to provide insight in the evidence for the effect of interventions anticipated to improve PIFM strength on dynamic balance control and foot function during gait in adults.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in five electronic databases. The eligibility of peer‐reviewed papers, published between January 1, 2010 and July 8, 2020, reporting controlled trials and pre‐post interventional studies was assessed by two reviewers independently. Results from moderate‐ and high‐quality studies were extracted for data synthesis by summarizing the standardized mean differences (SMD). The GRADE approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence.ResultsScreening of 9199 records resulted in the inclusion of 11 articles of which five were included for data synthesis. Included studies were mainly performed in younger populations. Low‐certainty evidence revealed the beneficial effect of PIFM strengthening exercises on vertical ground reaction force (SMD: − 0.31‐0.37). Very low‐certainty evidence showed that PIFM strength training improved the performance on dynamic balance testing (SMD: 0.41–1.43). There was no evidence for the effect of PIFM strengthening exercises on medial longitudinal foot arch kinematics.ConclusionsThis review revealed at best low‐certainty evidence that PIFM strengthening exercises improve foot function during gait and very low‐certainty evidence for its favorable effect on dynamic balance control. There is a need for high‐quality studies that aim to investigate the effect of functional PIFM strengthening exercises in large samples of older adults. The outcome measures should be related to both fall risk and the role of the PIFMs such as propulsive forces and balance during locomotion in addition to PIFM strength measures.
Integrated clinical characteristics and omics analysis identifies a ferroptosis and iron-metabolism-related lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic responses in ovarian cancer
Authors: Feng Songwei , Yin Han , Zhang Ke , Shan Mei , Ji Xuan , Luo Shanhui , Shen Yang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundFerroptosis and iron-metabolism are regulated by Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ovarian cancer (OC). Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis and iron-metabolism related lncRNAs (FIRLs) in OC is crucial for proposing therapeutic strategies and survival prediction.MethodsIn multi-omics data from OC patients, FIRLs were identified by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients with ferroptosis and iron-metabolism related genes (FIRGs). Cox-Lasso regression analysis was performed on the FIRLs to screen further the lncRNAs participating in FIRLs signature. In addition, all patients were divided into two robust risk subtypes using the FIRLs signature. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan–Meier analysis, decision curve analysis (DCA), Cox regression analysis and calibration curve were used to confirm the clinical benefits of FIRLs signature. Meanwhile, two nomograms were constructed to facilitate clinical application. Moreover, the potential biological functions of the signature were investigated by genes function annotation. Finally, immune microenvironment, chemotherapeutic sensitivity, and the response of PARP inhibitors were compared in different risk groups using diversiform bioinformatics algorithms.ResultsThe raw data were randomized into a training set (n = 264) and a testing set (n = 110). According to Pearson coefficients between FIRGs and lncRNAs, 1075 FIRLs were screened for univariate Cox regression analysis, and then LASSO regression analysis was used to construct 8-FIRLs signature. It is worth mentioning that a variety of analytical methods indicated excellent predictive performance for overall survival (OS) of FIRLs signature (p < 0.05). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that FIRLs signature was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant differences in the abundance of immune cells, immune-related pathways, and drug response were excavated in different risk subtypes (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe FIRLs signature can independently predict overall survival and therapeutic effect in OC patients.
Dermanyssus gallinae: the long journey of the poultry red mite to become a vector
Authors: Schiavone Antonella , Pugliese Nicola , Otranto Domenico , Samarelli Rossella , Circella Elena , De Virgilio Caterina , Camarda Antonio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe possibility that Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite, could act as a vector of infectious disease-causing pathogens has always intrigued researchers and worried commercial chicken farmers, as has its ubiquitous distribution. For decades, studies have been carried out which suggest that there is an association between a wide range of pathogens and D. gallinae, with the transmission of some of these pathogens mediated by D. gallinae as vector. The latter include the avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Gallinarum and influenza virus. Several approaches have been adopted to investigate the relationship between D. gallinae and pathogens. In this comprehensive review, we critically describe available strategies and methods currently available for conducting trials, as well as outcomes, analyzing their possible strengths and weaknesses, with the aim to provide researchers with useful tools for correctly approach the study of the vectorial role of D. gallinae.
Graphical Abstract
The burden of the most common rheumatic disease in Colombia
Authors: Cuervo Francy-Milena , Santos Ana M. , Londono John , Angarita José-Ignacio , Rueda Juan C. , Giraldo-Bustos Rodrigo , Ballesteros-Muñoz Jesús Giovanny , Saldarriaga Eugenia-Lucia , Padilla-Ortiz Diana , Reyes-Martinez Viviana , Peláez-Ballestas Ingris , Diaz-Jiménez Diana , Santos-Moreno Pedro , Pinzón Carlos E. , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Estimating the burden of rheumatic diseases (RDs) requires proper evaluation of its lethal and nonlethal consequences. In Colombia, it is possible to find local data and Global Burden of Disease (GBD) reports that collect information from varied contexts and apply complex statistical models, but no on-site estimations are available.

Methods
This was a descriptive study on the burden of RD based on occurrence and mortality data in the general population during 2015, including information and prevalence estimations from the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) study. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were estimated by combining measures of years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLDs). For disability weight estimations among cases, different COPCORD responses were mapped using flowcharts to show the severity distribution according to GBD. All model parameters and results were validated through an expert consensus panel.

Results
Low back pain (LBP) was the RD with the greatest burden of disease, costing 606.05 (95% CI 502.76–716.58) DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants, followed by osteoarthritis (292.11; 95% CI 205.76–386.85) and rheumatoid arthritis (192.46, 95% CI 109.7–239.69).

Conclusions
The burden of RD is as high in Colombia as in other countries of the region. The results offer an interesting tool for optimizing healthcare system design as well as for planning the distribution of human and economic resources to achieve early diagnosis and adequate care of these diseases.
ERBB2 Copy Number as a Quantitative Biomarker for Real-World Outcomes to Anti–Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Therapy in Advanced Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Liangliang , Hamdani Omar , Gjoerup Ole , Cho-Phan Cheryl , Snider Jeremy , Castellanos Emily , Nimeiri Halla , Frampton Garrett , Venstrom Jeffrey M. , Oxnard Geoffrey , Klempner Samuel J. , Schrock Alexa B. 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression or amplification ( ERBB2amp) are biomarkers for approved anti-HER2 therapies. ERBB2amp may better predict response compared with immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization, and quantitative copy number (CN) may further stratify patients. We characterized ERBB2amp in advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (GEA) and hypothesized that increased CN was associated with better outcome to trastuzumab. METHODS Comprehensive genomic profiling, including assessment of ERBB2amp, was performed for 12,905 GEA tissue cases. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a clinicogenomic database linking deidentified electronic health record–derived clinical data to genomic data. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used for real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) comparisons. RESULTS ERBB2amp (CN ≥ 5) was detected in 15% (1,934 of 12,905) of GEA; median CN 22 (interquartile range 9-73). Median ERBB2 amplicon size was 0.27 megabase (interquartile range 0.13-0.95), and smaller amplicons were associated with higher CN ( P < .001). In the clinicogenomic database, of 101 evaluable first-line trastuzumab-treated patients, ERBB2 CN was a significant predictor of rwPFS as a continuous variable (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.89; P = .002), whereas ERBB2 CN was not predictive of rwPFS on chemotherapy (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.20; P = .59). Among trastuzumab-treated patients, no significant associations with ERBB2 CN were observed for disease site, age, stage at advanced diagnosis, or most selected coalterations. CONCLUSION ERBB2amp was detected in 15% of GEA tissue samples, with significant diversity in ERBB2 CN and amplicon focality. ERBB2 CN was predictive of rwPFS as a continuous variable for patients treated with trastuzumab. Further studies exploring the clinical utility of quantitative ERBB2 CN, particularly in the setting of the evolving anti-HER2 landscape and combination therapies, are warranted.
Combined Unilateral Radiofrequency Lesioning of the Motor Thalamus, Field of Forel, and Zona Incerta: A Series of Cases With Dystonia
Authors: Savas Ali , Bayatli Eyup , Eroglu Umit , Akbostanci M. Cenk 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Dystonia is a group of disorders characterized by involuntary slow repetitive twisting movements and/or abnormal posture. Surgical options such as neuromodulation through deep brain stimulation and neuroablative procedures are available for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.

OBJECTIVE:
To present our series of patients with dystonia who were treated with stereotactic combined unilateral radiofrequency lesioning of the motor thalamus, field of Forel, and zona incerta.

METHODS:
Medical records of 50 patients with dystonia who were treated with unilateral combined lesions were reviewed. Outcomes of the surgical procedure were evaluated using the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (with movement and disability subscales) and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-tremor items.

RESULTS:
Based on the symptoms, patients were categorized as having generalized dystonia (34%), hemidystonia (30%), and dystonic tremor (DT) (36%). Primary/idiopathic dystonia, primary genetic/hereditary dystonia, and secondary dystonia accounted for 16%, 4%, and 80% of patients, respectively. The mean follow-up duration was 156.2 ± 88.9 mo. The overall improvement in the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale scores (movement and disability, respectively) was 57.8% and 36.4% in generalized dystonia, 60.0% and 45.8% in hemidystonia, and 65.6% and 56.8% in DT. Patients with DT showed an 83.3% improvement in mean Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale tremor score. Patients with cerebral palsy showed mean improvements of 66.7% in movement scores and 50.8% in disability scores. No mortality or major morbidity was observed postoperatively.

CONCLUSION:
Stereotactic radiofrequency unilateral combined thalamotomy, campotomy, and zona incerta lesions may be an effective surgical alternative for patients with dystonia, especially those with secondary dystonia resistant to deep brain stimulation.
Enhanced Electrochromic Properties of Hierarchical Iron Oxyhydroxide Hollow Sphere Array
Authors: Wang Ke-Hsuan , Watanabe Genta , Yoshida Masaaki , Araki Yusaku , Kawai Takeshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High-performance electrochromic (EC) materials based on earth-abundant materials for EC window applications are crucial for energy conservation. We report a simple and feasible approach for fabricating an iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) hierarchical hollow sphere array via templating-assisted electrodeposition. We further examine the corresponding EC characteristics of this hierarchical hollow sphere array. A significant improvement in the switching kinetics and coloration efficiency of the hierarchical hollow sphere arrays is demonstrated, facilitating their promising applications as nanostructured EC materials in EC windows and other diverse electronic and optical nanodevices.