bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring populations and threats to range‐restricted freshwater fishes: A case study of the Stocky Galaxias (Galaxias tantangara)
Authors: Lavery Tyrone H. , Lindenmayer David B. , Allan Hugh , Southwell Darren , Woinarski John C. Z. , Lintermans Mark 
Published: August 2022

SummaryMonitoring is critical for conservation, to track the status of threatened species, assess the relative impacts of threats, inform management responses and prioritise them according to their efficacy. Globally, freshwater fish are impacted by a range of threats including deterioration in water quality, climate change, habitat loss and degradation, introduced predators and herbivores, and wildfire. Monitoring of freshwater fish can be challenging because aquatic conditions can make detecting and identifying population trends difficult for many species. Galaxiidae is the most speciose family of Gondwanan‐distributed freshwater fishes, and over 75% of species assessed by the IUCN Red List have been classified as threatened. Many Australian galaxiids are highly imperilled and monitoring effort and adequacy is low. We prepared a detailed monitoring plan for the Stocky Galaxias (Galaxias tantangara) that is representative of the conservation status and level of threat facing many congeneric and other similar species. Our protocol provides details of species biology, pertinent threats, and management options with sampling methods to gather these data, and options to link with management actions for maximum benefit. Improved monitoring linked with threat management should improve the conservation status of Stocky Galaxias. By providing this example, we have sought to improve monitoring for range‐restricted freshwater fishes more generally.
The effect of slack configurations on company performance from a dynamic perspective
Authors: Agustí María , Galán José L. , Acedo Francisco J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe existing literature on slack resources points to a relationship with organizational performance, though little attention have been given to their dynamic deployment. Arising from the idea that companies present different levels of slack resources, this paper analyzes the slack‐performance relationship using a dynamic performance and configurational approach. We investigate the existence of coherent configurations of slack resources and analyze the generation and use of slack resources in a period of crisis and economic recovery. Seemingly unrelated regressions were used on 419 Spanish manufacturing companies to assess the effect of slack configuration on performance from a cross‐sectional and longitudinal perspective. The results show clear configurations and a continuous slack–performance relationship, so available and potential slack positively affect performance, whereas recoverable slack negatively affects performance, although these relationships are contingent on the economic situation. Therefore, firms increase their available and potential slack when faced with an environmental jolt, whereas this increase varies depending on the configuration or availability of slack resources. Configurational equifinality in the slack–performance relationship is also confirmed, with the effect being contingent on time.
Functional neuropathology of neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia by single‐mouse longitudinal electroencephalography
Authors: Johnson Kevin J. , Moy Brianna , Rensing Nicholas , Robinson Alexia , Ly Michael , Chengalvala Ramya , Wong Michael , Galindo Rafael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveNeonatal cerebral hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) results in symptomatic seizures and long‐term neurodevelopmental disability. The Rice‐Vannucci model of rodent neonatal HI has been used extensively to examine and translate the functional consequences of acute and chronic HI‐induced encephalopathy. Yet, longitudinal electrophysiological characterization of this brain injury model has been limited by the size of the neonatal mouse's head and postnatal maternal dependency. We overcome this challenge by employing a novel method of longitudinal single‐mouse electroencephalography (EEG) using chronically implanted subcranial electrodes in the term‐equivalent mouse pup. We characterize the neurophysiological disturbances occurring during awake and sleep states in the acute and chronic phases following newborn brain injury.MethodsC57BL/6 mice underwent long‐term bilateral subcranial EEG and electromyographic electrode placement at postnatal day 9 followed by unilateral carotid cauterization and exposure to 40 minutes of hypoxia the following day. EEG recordings were obtained prior, during, and intermittently after the HI procedure from postnatal day 10 to weaning age. Quantitative EEG and fast Fourier transform analysis were used to evaluate seizures, cortical cerebral dysfunction, and disturbances in vigilance states.ResultsWe observed neonatal HI‐provoked electrographic focal and bilateral seizures during or immediately following global hypoxia and most commonly contralateral to the ischemic injury. Spontaneous chronic seizures were not seen. Injured mice developed long‐term asymmetric EEG background attenuation in all frequencies and most prominently during non–rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. HI mice also showed transient impairments in vigilance state duration and transitions during the first 2 days following injury.SignificanceThe functional burden of mouse neonatal HI recorded by EEG resembles closely that of the injured human newborn. The use of single‐mouse longitudinal EEG in this immature model can advance our understanding of the developmental and pathophysiological mechanisms of neonatal cerebral injury and help translate novel therapeutic strategies against this devastating condition.
Buying stones: Welfare spending and protests in Argentina, 2008–2019
Authors: Del Tredici Romina , González Lucas , Zarazaga Rodrigo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhy do some governments manage to curb protest while others cannot and turmoil escalates to a social outbreak? This study proposes a theoretical argument that specifies how discretionary spending reduces conflict, highlighting the role of social movements in managing protests. It examines this and alternative arguments in Argentina, a country with strong social movements and historically large mobilizations, using statistical analysis with an original database on protests and a population of 364 national government programs between 2008 and 2019. The article makes a contribution by finding a differential effect between specific types of social spending, programmatic and discretional, and protests. It also specifies the linkage between the main variables using qualitative evidence during two presidencies. The goal of discretionary distribution is not to win an election but to ensure governance. The article finally raises some comparative implications on the role of social movements and welfare spending in Latin America.
Poly(caprolactone)‐aligned nanofibers associated with fibronectin‐loaded collagen hydrogel as a potent bioactive scaffold for cell‐free regenerative endodontics
Authors: Leite Maria Luísa , de Oliveira Ribeiro Rafael Antônio , Soares Diana Gabriela , Hebling Josimeri , de Souza Costa Carlos Alberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimGuided tissue regeneration has been considered a promising strategy to replace conventional endodontic therapy of teeth with incomplete root formation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a tubular scaffold (TB‐SC) with poly (caprolactone)‐aligned nanofibres associated with a fibronectin (FN)‐loaded collagen hydrogel and assess the pulp regeneration potential mediated by human apical papilla cells (hAPCs) using an in vitro model of teeth with incomplete root formation.MethodologyAligned nanofibre strips based on 10% poly(caprolactone) (PCL) were synthesized with the electrospinning technique to produce the TB‐SCs. These were submitted to different treatments, according to the following groups: TB‐SC (negative control): TB‐SC without treatment; TB‐SC + FN (positive control): TB‐SC coated with 10 μg/ml of FN; TB‐SC + H: TB‐SC associated with collagen hydrogel; TB‐SC + HFN: TB‐SC associated with FN‐loaded collagen hydrogel. Then, the biomaterials were inserted into cylindrical devices to mimic the regenerative therapy of teeth with incomplete root formation. The hAPCs were seeded on the upper surface of the TB‐SCs associated or not with any treatment, and cell migration/proliferation and the gene expression of markers related to pulp regeneration (ITGA5, ITGAV, COL1A1 and COL1A3) were evaluated. The data were submitted to anova/Tukey's tests (α = 5%).ResultsHigher values of cell migration/proliferation and gene expression of all markers tested were observed in groups TB‐SC + FN, TB‐SC + H, and TB‐SC + HFN compared with the TB‐SC group (p < .05). The hAPCs in the TB‐SC + HFN group showed the highest values of cell proliferation and gene expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 (p < .05), as well as superior cell migration results to groups TB‐SC and TB‐SC + H (p < .05).ConclusionAligned nanofibre scaffolds associated with the FN‐loaded collagen hydrogel enhanced the migration and proliferation of hAPCs and gene expression of pulp regeneration markers. Therefore, the use of these biomaterials may be considered an interesting strategy for regenerative pulp therapy of teeth with incomplete root formation.
Analysis of mechanical properties of Al2O3‐cBN‐hBN composites and identification of main influencing factors
Authors: Wu Jiakun , Wang Haikuo , Zhang Zhicai , Hou Zhiqiang , Wu Dazhuan , Ouyang Xiaoping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAl2O3‐cBN‐hBN self‐lubricating ceramics were synthesized by using a high‐pressure sintering method. The mapping relationships between sintering thermodynamic conditions, component content, and mechanical properties were established using the response surface method. The main factors influencing the mechanical properties are clarified. The formation mechanism of the excellent mechanical properties is explained. It is found that the undesired phase transformation from cBN to soft hBN can be effectively inhibited by using a low‐temperature and high‐pressure sintering process. Sintering temperatures improve the relative densities and elastic modulus of self‐lubricating ceramic but have little effect on the hardness and fracture toughness. cBN content is the main factor affecting the mechanical properties of the composites. The microcracks developed during the high‐pressure sintering process contribute to the fracture toughness of the composites.
Experimental additive manufacturing of green body of SiC/Graphite functionally graded materials by stereolithography
Authors: Ueta Shohei , Imai Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Masashi , Segawa Tomoomi , Yan Xing L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCeramic stereolithography (CSL)‐additive manufacturing (AM) technology is used to create a functionally graded ceramic (FGC) green body made of silicon carbide (SiC) and graphite. For the SiC/graphite FGC, the mixing parameters of ceramics powders and ultraviolet (UV) curing resin are improved, and correlations of the resultant slurry curing depth with integrated light intensity are discovered. Therefore, the SiC/graphite FGC‐produced green body has no flaws, pores, or cracks on its surfaces. According to the association between cure depth and integrated light density for each slurry's composition, several interfacial collapses discovered in a cracked cross‐section might be decreased.
Writing challenges, causes, and strategies to facilitate the doctoral dissertation‐writing process: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Rafi Muhammad Shaban , Moghees Amnah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study grows out of the absence of literature on an in‐depth understanding of dissertation‐writing challenges, facilitating strategies, and causes to develop a more profound understanding of Pakistani doctoral students. This is primarily qualitative research. One of the largest private universities was selected as a case to collect the data. The data were based on 12 Pakistani doctoral dissertations, 49 evaluation reports from 13 countries, mainly from the state‐run universities, and a survey questionnaire responded to by 12 PhD graduates. The data were codified for commonly emerging categories and themes based on the methodological approach of Clarke and Braun (2017). The data revealed that the doctoral students faced challenges concerning mechanics of writing, developing an argument in a coherent whole, and structural organization of the dissertation. The examiners recommended the doctoral students to copyedit/proofread the dissertation to overcome mechanics of writing problems, build the argument logically, use formal language, write transition sentences to knit the texts coherently, embed citations to support the claims, and uniform the structure of the dissertation. Five causes of writing difficulties emerged from the survey questions. Despite a mismatch between the academic resources and research support provided to Pakistani doctoral students, their research work is deemed par with foreign universities, which encourage native‐like English. It is hoped that this study will help doctoral students improve their dissertation‐writing quality.
Stability of doped zirconia under extreme conditions: Toward long‐term and secure storage of radioactive waste
Authors: Svitlyk Volodymyr , Weiss Stephan , Hennig Christoph 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExtreme temperatures and pressures were applied to systems based on stabilized zirconia, ZrO2, doped with Ce4+ ions as surrogate for tetravalent Actinides in order to conclude on their long‐term stability in deep geological underground. Both tetragonal and cubic yttrium‐stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) exhibit excellent phase and structural stabilities up to 1150 K. In addition, incorporated guest Ce4+ did not show any increase in their mobility at elevated temperatures. Application of external pressure did not induce any structural or phase changes in cubic YSZ doped with 5 at.% Ce as well. However, a corresponding tetragonal analog with lower yttrium content exhibits a second‐order phase transition toward higher cubic symmetry around 9 GPa. Remarkably, no discharge of the guest Ce4+ ions was observed throughout the transition and further upon increase in pressure. This together with T‐dependent data indicates excellent affinity of guest Ce atoms with the host YSZ matrices. The parent YSZ phases are, therefore, promising candidates as host materials for long‐term underground immobilization for radiotoxic tetravalent elements like U, Th, or Pu.
Fabrication and characteristics of Ce‐doped Y3Fe5O12 ceramics by hot‐press sintering with oxygen/nitrogen atmosphere
Authors: Tao Jianwei , Zou Shun , He Daihua , Zeng Xia , Qiu Pingsun , Ling Liang , He Xiyun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfrared transparent Ce‐doped Y3Fe5O12 (Ce: YIG, CexY3‐xFe5O12, x = 0, 0.12, 0.24, 0.36) ceramics were successfully produced by the solid‐state reaction using a hot‐press sintering process from the Y2O3, Fe2O3, and CeO2 powders. The phase structure, microstructure, infrared transmittance, and magnetic and magneto‐optical properties of the Ce‐doped Y3Fe5O12 ceramics were measured and analyzed. The in‐line transmittances of the Ce‐doped Y3Fe5O12 ceramics with the x = 0, 0.12, 0.24 (L = 0.5 mm) at 1550 nm were about 72%, 66.5%, and 57.6%, respectively. In the state of saturation magnetization, the Faraday rotation angle per centimeter (θF) of CexY3‐xFe5O12 (x = 0, 0.12, 0.24) ceramics measured by the light extinction method was 182.5, −410.4, and −958.3 deg./cm, respectively. The change of the θF was about −142.5 deg./cm when per 1at.% Ce was substituted in the dodecahedral site of YIG materials. The (Ce0.24Y2.76)Fe5O12 ceramics were determined as the optimized composition for its excellent infrared optical and magneto‐optical properties.
Ca3Mn2O7‐layered perovskites: Effects of La‐ and Y‐doping on phase stability, microstructure, and thermoelectric transport
Authors: Azulay Amram , Leibovitz Tohar , Natanzon Yuriy , Zabari Or , Amouyal Yaron 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigate phase stability, microstructure, and thermoelectric transport of polycrystalline bulk Ca3−xRxMn2O7 samples prepared by standard solid‐state reaction, where R = Y or La and 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.33. Ab‐initio calculations predict that Y‐doping at Ca‐sites should reduce the potential energy barrier for electron transport, as opposed to La‐doping. We find that Y‐doping prompts transformation from Ca3Mn2O7 to Ca2MnO4, whereas La‐doping is accompanied by no phase transformation. La‐doping significantly hinders grain growth, for example, the average grain size decreases from 4.44 ± 0.24 to 1.20 ± 0.03 μm for x = 0 (undoped) and x = 0.33 upon La‐doping, respectively. Electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficients are measured for the temperature range of 300–1300 K, and analyzed in terms of the small polaron hopping model. We find that Y‐doping reduces the activation energy for conduction compared to La‐doping, for example, 43 and 63 meV, respectively. This suggests that Y reduces the energy barrier for polaron transport, in accordance with computational predictions. This trend is further supported by calculations of selected electronic, structural, and vibrational properties, highlighting the intriguing correlation between electronic transport governed by small polarons and elastic properties, thereby shedding light on charge transport and thermoelectric properties of such layered perovskites.
Antimicrobial betalains
Authors: Wijesinghe Vindya Nilakshi , Choo Wee Sim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBetalains are nitrogen-containing plant pigments that can be red-violet (betacyanins) or yellow-orange (betaxanthins), currently employed as natural colourants in the food and cosmetic sectors. Betalains exhibit antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microbes including multidrug-resistant bacteria, as well as single-species and dual-species biofilm-producing bacteria, which is highly significant given the current antimicrobial resistance issue reported by The World Health Organization. Research demonstrating antiviral activity against dengue virus, in silico studies including SARS-CoV-2, and anti-fungal effects of betalains highlight the diversity of their antimicrobial properties. Though limited in vivo studies have been conducted, antimalarial and anti-infective activities of betacyanin have been observed in living infection models. Cellular mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of betalains are yet unknown; however existing research has laid the framework for a potentially novel antimicrobial agent. This review covers an overview of betalains as antimicrobial agents and discussions to fully exploit their potential as therapeutic agents to treat infectious diseases.
Isochoric freezing of foods: A review of instrumentation, mechanism, physicochemical influence, and applications
Authors: Thakur Sheetal , Jha Bhavya , Bhardwaj Naman , Singh Ajay , Sawale Pravin D. , Kumar Ashish 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis literature survey reveals the extended shelf life of foods when subjected to isochoric freeze processing. All other preservation aspects, thermal or non‐thermal, contribute to food preservation as per their specific functionality. From the given set of available food preservation technologies, shelf life extension by way of isochoric freezing works very well to extend the shelf life of fresh agricultural produce, without any weight loss and browning reaction to occur. Similarly, isochoric freezing of spinach tends to retain the amount of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds in it. On the other hand, preservation by conventional freezing results in weight loss, flavor, and odor degradation, for example in fish. The isochoric method act as panacea for such types of problems faced during storage. This method works on to the key element wherein maintenance of intracellular osmolarity prevent the passing of solute concentration gradients across bind and free space inside the food.Practical ApplicationsThis emerging novel processing of foods is applicable for fruits and vegetables to preserve them with minimal fresh harvest produce loss. Isochoric processing is done at a sub‐zero temperature, which keeps the food fresh longer. This sustainability will lead to the minimization of price fluctuation and will also addresses food safety and security, minimize post‐harvest losses, and enhance market appealability. This process has also revealed its potential among poultry and other meat products with enhanced keeping qualities.
Ultrasound assisted slightly acidic electrolyzed water treatment on the protein structure stability of vacuum‐packaged sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicas) during refrigerated storage
Authors: Lan Weiqing , Zhang Bingjie , Zhou Dapeng , Xie Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the synergistic effects of ultrasound (US) and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) treatment on the myofibril protein structure of vacuum‐packed sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicas) during refrigerated storage. Fresh sea bass fillets were treated with US, SAEW, US combined with SAEW treatment (US + SAEW), and sterile water (Control) for 10 min, respectively. Different indexes, such as hardness, myofibril fragmentation index (MFI), water activity (aw), and surface hydrophobicity, which also combined with protein characteristic (intrinsic fluorescence intensity) were analyzed. The results showed that the US treatment increased the MFI and surface hydrophobicity of sea bass. Compared with the control group, the bactericidal effect of US + SAEW treatment made the sample better water holding capacity, water activity, and higher fluorescence intensity. Differential scanning calorimetry spectrum results showed that samples treated by US had loose myofibrillary structure, which was convenient for SAEW to act more effectively. US + SAEW treatment retarded the degradation of protein. These results provided evidence that US + SAEW treatment could maintain the quality of fish.
An insight into the potential of berberine in animal nutrition: Current knowledge and future perspectives
Authors: Ghavipanje Navid , Fathi Nasri Mohammad Hasan , Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez Einar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn animal nutrition, the interest for novel feed additives has expanded with elevating industry standards and consumer awareness besides the demand for healthy animal‐derived food products. Consumer and animal health are leading concerns dictating the importance of novel animal feed additives. Berberine (BBR) is a natural pentacyclic isoquinoline alkaloid that has exhibited diverse pharmacological properties, including metabolism‐regulating, hepatoprotective, and inflammatory alleviative in addition to its antioxidant activity. Despite detailed information on cellular mechanisms associated with BBR therapeutics, and strong clinical evidence, only a few studies have focused on BBR applied to animal nutrition. However, great pieces of evidence have shown that dietary BBR supplementation could result in improved growth performance, enhanced oxido‐inflammatory markers, and mitigated metabolic dysfunctions in both monogastric and ruminant animals. The data discussed in the present review may set the basis for further research on BBR in animal diets for developing novel strategies aiming to improve animal health as well as products with beneficial properties for humans.