bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Copper to Basic Copper Carbonate: A Reversible Conversion Cathode in Aqueous Anion Batteries
Authors: Gallagher Trenton C. , Wu Che‐Yu , Lucero Marcos , Sandstrom Sean K. , Hagglund Lindsey , Jiang Heng , Stickle William , Feng Zhenxing , Ji Xiulei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDual‐ion batteries that use anions and cations as charge carriers represent a promising energy‐storage technology. However, an uncharted area is to explore transition metals as electrodes to host carbonate in conversion reactions. Here we report the reversible conversion reaction from copper to Cu2CO3(OH)2, where the copper electrode comprising K2CO3 and KOH solid is self‐sufficient with anion‐charge carriers. This electrode dissociates and associates K+ ions during battery charge and discharge. The copper active mass and the anion‐bearing cathode exhibit a reversible capacity of 664 mAh g−1 and 299 mAh g−1, respectively, and relatively stable cycling in a saturated mixture electrolyte of K2CO3 and KOH. The results open an avenue to use carbonate as a charge carrier for batteries to serve for the consumption and storage of CO2.
The coronary capillary bed and its role in blood flow and oxygen delivery: A review
Authors: Tomanek Robert J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe assumption that the coronary capillary blood flow is exclusively regulated by precapillary vessels is not supported by recent data. Rather, the complex coronary capillary bed has unique structural and geometric characteristics that invalidate many assumptions regarding red blood cell (RBC) transport, for example, data based on a single capillary or that increases in flow are the result of capillary recruitment. It is now recognized that all coronary capillaries are open and that their variations in flow are due to structural differences, local O2 demand and delivery, and variations in hematocrit. Recent data reveal that local mechanisms within the capillary bed regulate flow via signaling mechanisms involving RBC signaling and endothelial‐associated pericytes that contract and relax in response to humoral and neural signaling. The discovery that pericytes respond to vasoactive signals (e.g., nitric oxide, phenylephrine, and adenosine) underscores the role of these cells in regulating capillary diameter and consequently RBC flux and oxygen delivery. RBCs also affect blood flow by sensing and releasing nitric oxide to facilitate relaxation of pericytes and a consequential capillary dilation. New data indicate that these signaling mechanisms allow control of blood flow in specific coronary capillaries according to their oxygen requirements. In conclusion, mechanisms in the coronary capillary bed facilitate RBC density and transit time, hematocrit, blood flow and O2 delivery, factors that decrease capillary heterogeneity. These findings have important clinical implications for myocardial ischemia and infarction, as well as other vascular diseases.
Syn and Anti Metal Complexes of 24π Antiaromatic Bis(Dicarbonylrhodium(I))Dithiaamethyrin
Authors: Ishimaru Yoshihiro , Takahashi Fumiya , Mochizuki Samu , Hosoda Natsuki , Fujihara Takashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFrom the reaction of sterically less hindered tetrapropyl[24]dithiaamethyrin(1.0.0.1.0.0) 5, with [Rh(CO)2Cl]2, a unique anti form of the bis(dicarbonylrhodium(I)) complex (6‐anti), where two rhodium ions are on the opposite faces of the macrocyclic ligand, was isolated for the first time in 12% yield along with the corresponding syn isomer (6‐syn, 61% yield). These structures were characterized in detail by single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis. Compound 6‐syn exhibited a bowl‐shaped structure with the two rhodium atoms separated by a distance of ∼4.5 Å. In contrast, 6‐anti contained a wave‐shaped macrocycle with a distance of ∼5.3 Å between the two rhodium atoms. Furthermore, the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and density functional theory calculation results revealed that 6‐anti had a stronger paratropic ring current and a more planar structure than 6‐syn. The isolation of both 6‐anti and 6‐syn enabled detailed discussion of the structure‐property relationship.
Nonmetallic reinforcement at the cap widening of Carola Bridge in Dresden
Authors: Michler Harald , Scheerer Silke , Burgard Stefan , Kalbe Holger , Curbach Manfred 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Carola Bridge (Carolabrücke), built in 1971, has a length of approximately 375 m and takes the tram and the B 170 federal road in Dresden across the river Elbe. The intensive use of the bridge and deficits in user‐friendliness made building measures inevitable. One part was the widening of the upstream bridge cap. Here, the application of a new nonmetallic reinforcement within the concrete cover was planned to improve the service life of the cap, a so far unique method. Based on an installation test and an investigation of the cracking behavior, both described in the paper, two reinforcement configurations were selected for practical application. The project provides an ideal opportunity to bring carbon and basalt reinforcements closer to the public and to demonstrate their cast in during normal operation on a concrete construction site.
Adaptable Optical Microwaveguides From Mechanically Flexible Crystalline Materials
Authors: Chinnasamy Ragaverthini , Ravi Jada , Vinay Pradeep Vuppu , Manoharan Deepak , Emmerling Franziska , Bhattacharya Biswajit , Ghosh Soumyajit , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible organic crystals (elastic and plastic) are important materials for optical waveguides, tunable optoelectronic devices, and photonic integrated circuits. Here, we present highly elastic organic crystals of a Schiff base, 1‐((E)‐(2,5‐dichlorophenylimino)methyl)naphthalen‐2‐ol (1), and an azine molecule, 2,4‐dibromo‐6‐((E)‐((E)‐(2,6‐dichlorobenzylidene)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (2). These microcrystals are highly flexible under external mechanical force, both in the macroscopic and the microscopic regimes. The mechanical flexibility of these crystals arises as a result of weak and dispersive C−H⋅⋅⋅Cl, Cl⋅⋅⋅Cl, Br⋅⋅⋅Br, and π⋅⋅⋅π stacking interactions. Singly and doubly‐bent geometries were achieved from their straight shape by a micromechanical approach using the AFM cantilever tip. Crystals of molecules 1 and 2 display a bright‐green and red fluorescence (FL), respectively, and selective reabsorption of a part of their FL band. Crystals 1 and 2 exhibit optical‐path‐dependent low loss emissions at the termini of crystal in their straight and even in extremely bent geometries. Interestingly, the excitation position‐dependent optical modes appear in both linear and bent waveguides of crystals 1 and 2, confirming their light‐trapping ability.
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclopropanes from α‐Substituted Allyl Sulfones with Donor‐Acceptor or Diacceptor Diazo Reagents
Authors: Chen Ling , Minh Thi Le Thi , Bouillon Jean‐Philippe , Poisson Thomas , Jubault Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized cyclopropanes from α‐substituted allyl sulfones and silanes is reported. The reaction, using α‐aryl diazoacetates or diacceptor diazo reagents, catalyzed by a chiral rhodium complex (Rh2((S)‐BTPCP)4), furnished the corresponding cyclopropanes in moderate to high yields (27–97 %), high diastereoselectivities (68 : 32 to 20 : 1 d.r.) and moderate to excellent ee (40–99 %). This methodology offers a privileged access to an underexplored class of enantioenriched cyclopropanes with a high level of functionality, an asset for further post‐functionalization and their incorporation into more complex structure.
The N6‐methyladenosine modification enhances ferroptosis resistance through inhibiting SLC7A11 mRNA deadenylation in hepatoblastoma
Authors: Liu Li , He Jiangtu , Sun Guifeng , Huang Nan , Bian Zhixuan , Xu Chang , Zhang Yue , Cui Zhongqi , Xu Wenqiang , Sun Fenyong , Zhuang Chengle , Man Qiuhong , Gu Song 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSolute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) is overexpressed in multiple human tumours and functions as a transporter importing cystine for glutathione biosynthesis. It promotes tumour development in part by suppressing ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death that plays a pivotal role in the suppression of tumorigenesis. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of SLC7A11‐mediated ferroptosis in hepatoblastoma (HB) remain largely unknown.MethodsReverse transcription quantitative real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR) and western blotting were used to measure SLC7A11 levels. Cell proliferation, colony formation, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA concentration, 4‐HNE, GSH/GSSG ratio and cell death assays as well as subcutaneous xenograft experiments were used to elucidate the effects of SLC7A11 in HB cell proliferation and ferroptosis. Furthermore, MeRIP‐qPCR, dual luciferase reporter, RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RACE‐PAT assays were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism through which SLC7A11 was regulated by the m6A modification in HB.ResultsSLC7A11 expression was highly upregulated in HB. SLC7A11 upregulation promoted HB cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, inhibiting HB cell ferroptosis. Mechanistically, SLC7A11 mRNA exhibited abnormal METTL3‐mediated m6A modification, which enhanced its stability and expression. IGF2 mRNA‐binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was identified as the m6A reader of SLC7A11, enhancing SLC7A11 mRNA stability and expression by inhibiting SLC7A11 mRNA deadenylation in an m6A‐dependent manner. Moreover, IGF2BP1 was found to block BTG2/CCR4‐NOT complex recruitment via competitively binding to PABPC1, thereby suppressing SLC7A11 mRNA deadenylation.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that the METTL3‐mediated SLC7A11 m6A modification enhances HB ferroptosis resistance. The METTL3/IGF2BP1/m6A modification promotes SLC7A11 mRNA stability and upregulates its expression by inhibiting the deadenylation process. Our study highlights a critical role of the m6A modification in SLC7A11‐mediated ferroptosis, providing a potential strategy for HB therapy through blockade of the m6A‐SLC7A11 axis.
Rainfall pulse regime drives biomass and community composition in biological soil crusts
Authors: M. C. Fernandes Vanessa , Rudgers Jennifer A. , Collins Scott L. , Garcia‐Pichel Ferran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFuture climates will alter the frequency and size of rain events in drylands, potentially affecting soil microbes that generate carbon feedbacks to climate, but field tests are rare. Topsoils in drylands are commonly colonized by biological soil crusts (biocrusts), photosynthesis‐based communities that provide services ranging from soil fertilization to stabilization against erosion. We quantified responses of biocrust microbial communities to 12 years of altered rainfall regimes, with 60 mm of additional rain per year delivered either as small (5 mm) weekly rains or large (20 mm) monthly rains during the summer monsoon season. Rain addition promoted microbial diversity, suppressed the dominant cyanobacterium, Microcoleus vaginatus, and enhanced nitrogen‐fixing taxa, but did not consistently increase microbial biomass. The addition of many small rain events increased microbial biomass, whereas few, large events did not. These results alter the physiological paradigm that biocrusts are most limited by the amount of rainfall and instead predict that regimes enriched in small rain events will boost cyanobacterial biocrusts and enhance their beneficial services to drylands.
Compositional Differences between Preterm Milk of Different Gestational Ages with the Term Milk: A Comparative Lipidomic Study by LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Zhao Ying‐chun , Zhang Ying , Liu Chun‐xue , Yan Dong‐yong , Dong Ping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHuman milk lipids have important biological effects on recipient infants. The objective of this study is to comprehensively describe lipidomic differences between preterm milk of different gestational ages and term milk over the course of lactation. Colostrum (<5 d postpartum, n = 20 for very preterm [VPT], n = 20 for moderately preterm [MPT] and n = 30 for full‐term [FT]) and mature milk (at four weeks postpartum, n = 11 for extremely preterm [EPT], n = 23 for VPT, n = 21 for MPT, and n = 25 for FT) are collected from 88 mothers who had delivered premature babies and 39 who had delivered term infants. It is found that the relative abundance of 10 out of 43 lipid subclasses are persistently higher in preterm milk than in term milk over the course of lactation. Diacylglycerol and fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid (FAHFA) lipid classes contribute most to the differences. The ten individual lipid species differing most significantly between VPT and FT colostrum are mainly part of the phosphatidylethanolamine and diacylglycerol groups. Levels of lipid species from the FAHFA class are significantly higher in both EPT and VPT mature milk than in their FT counterpart. The lipids in preterm and term milk show substantial differences, which may be critical for postnatal growth.Practical applications: These findings expand the current understanding of lipid components in human milk and provide important laboratory data for the future management of infant feeding, particularly of fragile, high risk EPT and VPT infants.
Substrate Photoswitching for Rate Enhancement of a Organocatalytic Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Žabka Matej , Gschwind Ruth M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, we report that applying in situ LED‐NMR irradiation with appropriate wavelength resulted in the photoswitching of an α,β‐unsaturated hydrazone C=N double bond configuration. This reaction was previously reported to be the first step in a chiral Brønsted acid‐catalyzed cyclization reaction, where the minor but stable Z‐isomer is the reactive intermediate. By enhancing the rate of the isomerization, we could show that the overall rate of the cyclization could be increased and followed directly by NMR kinetics. Exclusively light with a specific wavelength matching the isomerization process affected the cyclization. The light‐ and acid‐mediated isomerization provide complementary pathways that can be exploited in synthetic applications to increase reaction rates of asymmetric transformations, especially in reactions requiring high loadings of elaborate chiral catalysts.
Design and Development of a Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Glutathione
Authors: Kannappan Shrute , Prabakaran Lakshmishri , Nesakumar Noel , Babu K. Jayanth , Jayalatha Kulandaisamy Arockia , Bosco Balaguru Rayappan John 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlutathione (GSH‐reduced form) is a tripeptide that plays a vital role as an antioxidant to remove xenobiotics in the human body and changes in GSH levels are a marker for the progression of various diseases. In this context, a highly sensitive non‐enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for the detection of GSH has been developed using reduced graphene oxide Manganese oxide (rGMnO) nanocomposite as the nano‐interface. Initially, graphene oxide was synthesized by Hummer's method and then thermally reduced in the presence of MnO2in a blast furnace to obtain rGMnO nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized to validate its structure and morphological properties via Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry studies showed that upon the addition of GSH, the Pt/rGMnO modified working electrode exhibited a linear response in the range of 1–100 μM at an input voltage of −0.62 V. The developed sensor was found to have a sensitivity of 0.3256 μA μM−1and LOD of 970 nM with a recovery of 92–104 % in real blood serum samples.
Natural convective flow past a suddenly started vertical plate with uniform mass and heat flux in the presence of radiation, thermal diffusion
Authors: Bormudoi Mridusmita , Ahmed Nazibuddin , Bordoloi Rajdeep 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn attempt has been made to investigate the problem of a natural convective radiative flow past an impulsively moving vertical plate with uniform mass and heat flux in the existence of the thermal diffusion effect. The resulting governing equations are solved by the Laplace transform technique in closed form. Effects of radiation, Prandtl number, Soret number, Grashof number, modified Grashof number, and Schmidt number are studied on temperature field, concentration field, velocity field, plate temperature, plate concentration, skin friction, and are demonstrated through graphs. The present study reveals that an intensification of the thermal radiation effect causes a downfall in the fluid temperature, plate temperature, and skin friction, but a contradictory outcome is spotted for plate concentration. One of the significant findings of this study includes that the increasing thermo‐diffusion effect hikes the concentration and frictional resistance of the field.
Sex‐specific role of alexithymia in associations between parental bonding and mental health: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Li Ru , Kajanoja Jani , Karlsson Linnea , Karlsson Hasse , Karukivi Max 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the role of alexithymia and potential sex differences in the associations between perceived parental bonding and mental health.MethodsThe sample consists of 2421 parents from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study who completed the parental bonding instrument, the Toronto alexithymia scale, the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, and the anxiety subscale of the symptom checklist‐90. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted to examine the possible mediating role of alexithymia and moderating role of sex in the associations between parental bonding and depressive/anxiety symptoms.ResultsAlexithymia was found to be a potential mediator and sex be a moderator in the relations between perceived dysfunctional parental bonding and the psychological symptoms. Specifically, dysfunctional paternal bonding, especially paternal overprotection, had stronger indirect effects (via alexithymia) on the psychological symptoms in males.ConclusionsThis study indicates the importance of alexithymia in the parenting‐related mental health impacts and highlights the significance of paternal bonding for the development of alexithymia and mental health problems in male populations. The findings improve the limited understanding of sex‐related parental factors for alexithymia and mental health problems. Future studies in longitudinal designs are warranted to clarify the causal process of the mediation.
Diary studies, a double‐edged sword? An experimental exploration of possible distortions due to daily reporting of social interactions
Authors: Gochmann Viktoria , Ohly Sandra , Kotte Silja 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDiary studies on social interactions are increasingly common in management research. Yet due to the high demands involved, participants may experience burden and respond by showing insufficient effort responding (IER). Moreover, repeated reflection on the variables of interest may change individuals' perceptions of their work, thereby compromising the benefits of diary studies. We investigated these two effects in a sample of 444 participants in an exploratory experiment on different diary‐writing conditions. Perceptions and evaluation of the work environment were assessed before and after a 2‐week diary‐writing period in which participants reported on daily interactions at work. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five conditions differing in length and affective valence of the required report or to a control group without a diary. Results show that IER increases over time, especially when participants report negative (vs. positive) interactions at work. Changes in work‐related perceptions only occurred in team‐member‐exchange as a result of reporting negative work interactions. We discuss reasons for the absence of effects for the other outcomes. Finally, we provide implications for designing and conducting diary research and suggestions for future studies examining diary methodology.
Effects of meteorology and human‐mobility on UK's air quality during COVID‐19
Authors: Acosta‐Ramírez Cammy , Higham Jonathan E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEfforts to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic have had profound positive and negative impacts on social and environmental indicators worldwide. For the first time, a scenario of a partial economic shutdown could be measured, and large tech companies published wide‐coverage mobility reports to quantify the impacts on social change with anonymized location data. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the UK government has employed some of the strictest lockdown periods in the world, causing an immediate halt to travel and business activities. From these repeated lockdown periods, we have gained a snapshot of life without excessive human‐made pollution; this has allowed us to interrogate the interaction between meteorology and air quality with minimal anthropogenic input. Our findings show a warmer 2020 increased the UK's ozone levels by 9%, while reductions in human‐mobility reduced UK‐wide nitrogen dioxide levels by 25% in 2020, which have remained low during the first months of 2021 despite curtailing/ending of restrictions; and a decrease in particulate matter created by meteorological and human drivers. Regionally, London records the highest NO2 and O3 changes, −31% and 35%, respectively, linked to mobility reductions and meteorology.
Comprehensive folding variations for protein folding
Authors: Yang Jiaan , Cheng Wen Xiang , Zhao Xiao Fei , Wu Gang , Sheng Shi Tong , Hu Qiyue , Ge Hu , Qin Qianshan , Jin Xinshen , Zhang Lianshan , Zhang Peng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe revelation of protein folding is a challenging subject in both discovery and description. Except for acquirement of accurate 3D structure in protein stable state, another big hurdle is how to discover structural flexibility for protein innate character. Even if a huge number of flexible conformations are known, difficulty is how to represent these conformations. A novel approach, protein structure fingerprint, has been developed to expose the comprehensive local folding variations, and then construct folding conformations for entire protein. The backbone of five amino acid residues was identified as a universal folden, and then a set of Protein Folding Shape Code (PFSC) was derived for completely covering folding space in alphabetic description. Sequentially, a database was created to collect all possible folding shapes of local folding variations for all permutation of five amino acids. Successively, Protein Folding Variation Matrix (PFVM) assembled all possible local folding variations along sequence for a protein, which possesses several prominent features. First, it showed the fluctuation with certain folding patterns along sequence which revealed how the protein folding was related the order of amino acids in sequence. Second, all folding variations for an entire protein can be simultaneously apprehended at a glance within PFVM. Third, all conformations can be determined by local folding variations from PFVM, so total number of conformations is no longer ambiguous for any protein. Finally, the most possible folding conformation and its 3D structure can be acquired according PFVM for protein structure prediction. Therefore, the protein structure fingerprint approach provides a significant means for investigation of protein folding problem.