bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Screening for Hypertension in Archetypal HIV Primary Care: A Mixed-Methods Assessment
Authors: Buzaalirwa Lydia , Nambala Lydia , Banturaki Grace , Amor Penninah Iutung , Katahoire Anne , Geng Elvin , Semeere Aggrey 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: High prevalence of HIV and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa puts HIV-infected adults are at high risk of end-organ complications. Both World Health Organization (WHO) and national guidelines recommend screening and treatment of hypertension among HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy(ART). We evaluated the implementation of hypertension screening among adults on ART at three Uganda Cares Primary care facilities. METHODS: Using an explanatory mixed-methods approach we reviewed patient records, and interviewed both patients and providers during 2017 and 2018. We obtained demographics, clinical and blood pressure (BP) measurements via records review. We estimate the period prevalence of screening and use adjusted log binomial regression to evaluate for predictors of screening. In-depth interviews were analysed using a thematic approach to explain the observed prevalence and predictors of BP screening. RESULTS: Records for 1426 HIV-infected adults were reviewed. Patients had a median age of 35 years and 65% of them were female. Most were on ART (89% on first-line) with median duration was 4 years. Only 262 (18%) were overweight or obese with a body mass index (BMI) >25 Kg/M2. In 2017 or 2018 patients made a median of 3 visits and 783 patients had a BP recorded, hence a period prevalence 55%. Older age, male sex, more clinic visits, and clinic site were associated with screening in the adjusted analyses. Erratic BP screening was collaborated by patients’ and providers’ interviews. This was attributed to challenges that included; patient numbers, staffing, provider apathy, access to treatment, and availability and function of BP equipment. CONCLUSION: Almost half of regular HIV clinic attendees at these prototypical primary care HIV clinics were not screened for hypertension for a whole year. Improving BP screening requires attention to addressing modifiable challenges and ensuring local buy-in beyond just providing equipment.
Does Medical Disparity Exist While Treating Severe Mental Illness Patients with Acute Appendicitis in Emergency Departments? A Real-World Database Study
Authors: Hung Shang-Kai , Kou Hao-Wei , Wu Kai-Hsiang , Chen Shou-Yen , Li Chih-Huang , Lee Chao-Wei , Hung Yu-Yung , Gao Shi-Ying , Wu Po-Han , Hsieh Chiao-Hsuan , Chaou Chung-Hsien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with severe mental illness (SMI) have a shorter life expectancy and have been considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a vulnerable group. As the causes for this mortality gap are complex, clarification regarding the contributing factors is crucial to improving the health care of SMI patients. Acute appendicitis is one of the most common indicators of emergency surgery worldwide. A higher perforation rate has been found among psychiatric patients. This study aims to evaluate the differences in appendiceal perforation rate, emergency department (ED) management, in-hospital outcomes, and in-hospital expenditure among acute appendicitis patients with or without SMI via the use of a multi-centre database.
Methods
Relying on Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD) for data, we selectively used its data from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2017. The diagnoses of acute appendicitis and SMI were confirmed by combining ICD codes with relevant medical records. A non-SMI patient group was matched at the ratio of 1:3 by using the Greedy algorithm. The outcomes were appendiceal perforation rate, ED treatment, in-hospital outcome, and in-hospital expenditure.
Results
A total of 25,766 patients from seven hospitals over a span of 11 years were recruited; among them, 11,513 were excluded by criteria, with 14,253 patients left for analysis. SMI group was older (50.46 vs. 44.43 years, p < 0.01) and had a higher percentage of females (56.52 vs. 44.43%, p = 0.01) and Charlson Comorbidity Index. An analysis of the matched group has revealed that the SMI group has a higher unscheduled 72-hour revisit to ED (17.93 vs. 10.38%, p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in appendiceal perforation rate, ED treatment, in-hospital outcome, and in-hospital expenditure.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated no obvious differences in appendiceal perforation rate, ED management, in-hospital outcomes, and in-hospital expenditure among SMI and non-SMI patients with acute appendicitis. A higher unscheduled 72-hour ED revisit rate prior to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the SMI group was found. ED health providers need to be cautious when it comes to SMI patients with vague symptoms or unspecified abdominal complaints.
Traditional Versus Modern Educational Methods; Which One Is More Effective On Health Literacy Of Caregivers Of Patients With Cancer? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Naseri-Salahshour Vahid , Sajadi Mahbobeh , Nasrabadi Alireza Nikbakht , Karimi Mahmood , Fournier Andrew , Pazhokh Elham 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Cancer is the main cause of death in developed countries and is the third leading cause of death in Iran. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of traditional versus modern educational methods on the health literacy of caregivers of patients with cancer.Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial in which 93 caregivers of patients with cancers referred to Ayatollah Khansari Hospital of Arak (Iran) participated. Simple random allocation to either the intervention group (n=45) which consisted of education using modern virtual social networks (Telegram messenger) or the control group which included using traditional face-to face education methods (n=48) was completed. At baseline and at two weeks post intervention, health literacy questionnaire was completed by participants in both groups.Results: The mean health literacy in the two groups did not differ significantly at baseline (p> 0.05). At two weeks post intervention the average health literacy in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (p <0.05).Conclusion: The social network intervention was more effective in improving the health literacy of caregivers of people with cancer compared to usual face-to-face methods. Thus, the use of these methods is recommended. New educational methods provide a valuable strategy for nurses and other health professionals to improve health literacy, attitudes and knowledge of cancer patient’s families.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20161223031522N11)
Management of respiratory failure in immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced overlap syndrome: A case series
Authors: Cuenca John A. , Hanmandlu Ankit , Wegner Robert , Botdorf Joshua , Tummala Sudhakar , Iliescu Cezar A. , Nates Joseph L. , Reddy Dereddi Raja 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To describe the diagnostic approach and management of respiratory failure secondary to the checkpoint inhibitor-induced overlap syndrome.Methods: A retrospective case series of cancer patients receiving treatment with checkpoint inhibitors that developed overlap syndrome. All patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between August and October 2021.Results: Four cases are described. In all the patients, a high troponinemia raised the concern for myocarditis, leading to a complete workup. However, the predominant feature of the syndrome differed among the cases. For instance, two patients showed marked myocarditis as the primary driver of disease with a shorter hospital stay, likely due to early recognition and treatment. In contrast, the other two patients had a prolonged need for ICU due to severe neuromuscular involvement secondary to myositis and myasthenia gravis. Treatment was based on steroids, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, and immunosuppressive biological agents such as rituximab and infliximab.Conclusions: The management of respiratory failure is challenging, particularly in those patients with predominant myasthenia gravis. Along with intensive clinical monitoring, bedside pulmonary function tests can guide the decision-making process of selecting a respiratory support method, the timing of elective intubation, and extubation.
Air pollution, heterogeneity, and subjective well-being: Evidence from China's micro survey data
Authors: Yu Yunjiang , Shu Xing , Anwar Sajid , Yang Sibo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have not paid much attention to the heterogeneous effects of air pollution on subjective well-being. By matching the 2018 China Labour-Force Dynamics Survey data (CLDS2018) with urban air pollution data, we empirically examine the impact of air pollution on subjective well-being across pollution levels, income levels, gender, age, education as well as city size and region. Empirical analysis shows that an increase in air pollution has a negative and statistically significant impact on the well-being and the effect varies considerably across pollution levels, income levels, age, gender, education level, city size and region. Re-estimation using air pollution data released by the U.S. embassy in China shows that the empirical results presented in this paper are robust. After accounting for potential endogeneity and selection bias, PM2.5 continues to have a significant negative impact on the well-being of residents. Our analysis shows that air pollution is an important contributor to the Easterlin paradox, and (in the process of air pollution control) attention needs to be paid to both individual heterogeneity and urban differences.
Relationship Between Workplace Incivility and the Professional Quality of Life in Nurses
Authors: Nazari Shima , Nikpeyma Nasrin , Haghani Shima , Fakhuri Fatemeh , Afshar Pouya Farokhnezhad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Workplace Incivility is a common issue in the nursing profession. On the other hand, studies imply that the professional quality of life in nurses is lower than average. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between workplace incivility and the professional quality of life in nurses.Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2021 in Tehran. Participants were 200 nurses randomly recruited from selected hospitals of TUMS. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Nursing Incivility Scale (NIS), and the Professional Quality Of Life scale (ProQOL). Data analysis was performed through correlation test and multiple regression analysis, using the SPSS software version 16.Results: The mean age of participants was 32.30 ± 7.22, and 76.5% were female. There was a significant correlation between the professional quality of life and workplace incivility. Multiple regression analysis between the subscales of workplace incivility and professional quality of life demonstrated that the incivility from the supervisor (β= -0.29, P= 0.001) and incivility from patients (β= -0.27, P< 0.001) can predict the compassion satisfaction dimension. The incivility from the supervisor (β= 0.24, P= 0.001) and incivility from patients (β= 0.26, P< 0.001) can explain burnout. The incivility from the patients can explain secondary traumatic stress (β= 0.14, P= 0.02).Conclusions: This study showed that nurses experienced the incivility of various groups, including doctors and patients. Therefore, it seems necessary to identify behaviors of incivility and to reduce them through various ways like continuous training courses, clarifying the roles of nurses, and improving the professional image of nursing in society.
Effectiveness of Home Based ‘Egg-suji’ Diet in Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition of Rohingya Refugee Children
Authors: Roy S K , Jahan Khurshid , Khatoon Soofia , Alam Nurul , Tasnim Saria , Parveen Shahana , Ferdaus Ambrina , Cubra Khadijatul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Prevalence of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) among Rohingya children aged 6-59 months who took shelter in refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar district, Bangladesh was found to be 7.5%. Objective To measure the effectiveness of home made diet in the management of Severe Acute Malnutrition of Rohingya Refugee Children. Methods In total 645 SAM children (MUAC <11.5 cm) aged 6-59 months were selected and fed the home made diet for three months by their caregivers and followed up for next two months. Nutrition counseling, demonstration of food preparation and the ingredients of food (rice powder, egg, sugar and oil) were provided to the families for three months to cook ‘Egg-suji’ diet to feed the children. Results The study children were assessed for nutritional status. After intervention, energy intake from diet increased from 455.29±120.9 Kcal/day to 609.61±29.5 Kcal/day (P=0.001) in three months. Frequency of daily food intake improved from 4.89±1.02 to 5.94±0.26 (P=0.001). The body weight of children increased from 6.3±1.04 kg to 9.93±1.35 kg (p=0.001) height increased from 67.93±6.18 cm to 73.86±0.35 (p=0.001) cm and MUAC improved from 11.14±1.35 cm to 12.89±0.37 cm (P=0.001). HAZ improved from -3.64 ±1.35 to -2.82±1.40 (p=0.001) WHZ improved from -2.45±1.23 to 1.03±1.17 (p=0.001) WAZ improved from -3.8 ±0.61 to -0.69±0.78, MUACZ improved from -3.32±0.49 to 1.8±0.54 (P=0.001) from beginning to end of observation. Morbidity was found in 5.12% children in the first month which reduced to 0.15% at the end of follow up. Conclusions Nutritional counseling and supply of food ingredients at refugee camps resulted in complete recovery from severe malnutrition for all children which was sustainable.
Use or Not Use? The Role of Trust and Habit in mHealth Ser-vices Use Intention Among Older Population in Hong Kong
Authors: Liu Justina YW , Sorwar Golam , Rahman Sajedur , Hoque Rakibul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Evidence from literature suggests that mobile health (mHealth) services can potentially improve healthcare outcomes among elderly population. Hence, the government of Hong Kong has recently taken several community and IT services initiatives for training older people on how to enhance their abilities and interest in using mHealth technology. Although mHealth services have been widely implemented worldwide, their adoption and use by elderlies are very low including those in Hong Kong. This study aims to understand key factors influencing mHealth use intention among the elderly Chinese population in Hong Kong. Methods: We extended the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) as the basis of our conceptual framework. We applied Partial Least Squares path modeling method to conduct the Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique that allows measuring the theoretical validity of any conceptual framework. A convenience and snowball sampling methods were used to recruit community-dwelling older people aged 65 or above. In total, 201 valid responses were used for testing the theoretical validity of the proposed conceptual framework. Results: The primary finding shows that the widely used UTAUT2 model falls short in explaining mHealth service acceptance behavior in the elderly population. We further propose a simplified model, the Healthcare Technology Service Acceptance (HTSA) model, to understand the formation of mHealth service acceptance behavior. The findings show that trust is an important component of technology service acceptance intention behavior that was missing in the UTAUT2 model. The results also show that several antecedent factors (i.e., social influence, government policy, and service quality) are critical in forming technology trust beliefs. Conclusions: The study shows that the HTSA model can better explain mHealth acceptance behavior than the UTAUT2 model. This study advances knowledge in the mHealth technology adoption domain by proposing a simplified new version of the UTAUT2 model for understanding healthcare technology service acceptance and use intention among the elderly population. The findings of the study provide valuable information to the Hong Kong government and healthcare organizations for a wider adoption of mHealth services specially in older populations. "
Degradation of Bisphenol A and S in Wastewater during Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment
Authors: Kovacic Ana , Modic Martina , Hojnik Natasa , Vehar Anja , Kosjek Tina , Heath David , Walsh James L. , Cvelbar Uroš , Ester Heath 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Developing novel, fast and efficient ecologically benign processes for removing organic contaminants is crucial for pawing the sustainable development in water treatments. For this reason, this study investigates the implementation of Cold Atmospheric pressure Plasma (CAP) generated in ambient air as an efficient agent for removal of Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bisphenol S (BPS)—known endocrine disrupting compounds in water and wastewater, by monitoring degradation kinetics and its transformation products. The highest removal efficiencies of BPA (>98%) and BPS (>70%) were obtained after 480 s of CAP exposure. A pseudo-first-order kinetic revealed that BPA (-kt = 0.0044 ̶ 0.0090 s−1) degrades faster than BPS (-kt = 0.0004 ̶ 0.0023 s−1) and that the degradation is also time- and CAP power-dependent, while the initial concentration or matrix type had a negligible effect. This study also tentatively identified three previously reported and one novel transformation product of BPA and four novel transformation products of BPS. Their postulated structures suggested similar breakdown mechanisms, i.e., hydroxylation followed by ring cleavage. The results demonstrate that CAP technology is as efficient or better in process duration and removal efficiency than other advanced oxidation processes but has the advantage of not requiring additional chemicals and needs a modest amount of electrical energy, making it a highly promising treatment for water and wastewater remediation.
Combination of Blood Flow Velocity and Vascular Diameter: The Flow Index is a Better Parameter for Assessing Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Huang Wei-Lun , Tung Sheng-Yung , Tseng Chi-Shin , Wang Tzung-Dau , Lee Wen-Jeng , Chen Jyh-Horng , Su Yann-Ron , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chang Yi-Kai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Dynamic duplex sonography (DUS) is not comprehensive in the evaluation of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). We introduced a new parameter, the flow index (FI), into the assessment of arteriogenic ED.
Methods
A retrospective review of a prospective database was conducted. Patients undergoing DUS and pelvic computed tomography angiography (CTA) for the evaluation of ED were included. The FI was calculated from peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the percentages of pelvic arterial (PLA) stenosis. Correlations between PSV, PLA stenosis, the FI, and erectile function were calculated.
Results
Eighty-three patients were included. Compared with PSV, the FI had better correlations with the erection hardness score (rs=0.405, P< 0.001 for FI; rs= 0.294, P= 0.007 for PSV) and a better area under the curve for arteriogenic ED (AUC= 0.759 for FI; AUC= 0.700 for PSV). In patients with normal DUS but ED, PLA stenosis was more severe (62.5% vs. 10.0%, P= 0.015), and the FI was lower (8.35 vs. 57.78, P= 0.006), while PSV was not different.
Conclusion
The FI is better than PSV in the evaluation of arteriogenic ED. On the other hand, assessment of the pelvic arterial system should be included in the evaluation of ED.
An analysis of fiscal policy on the income distribution of Chilean households
Authors: Garrido Nicolás , Morales Jeffrey 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper analyzes the effect of taxation and government spending on income distribution in Chile. The analysis is carried out using the accounting approach by computing the Chilean Social Accounting Matrix for the year 2016 with 41 institutions. The results obtained show that households with higher income have a lower elasticity of income to government expenditure than lower-income households. The high elasticity in higher incomes is consequence of the high stake of income and the high elasticity of the low-income households is consequence of a poor participation on the income distribution. Thus, when the effects on the households is measured by its nominal impact, the highest income household receives 10 times more income than lowest income household as consequence of the fiscal expenditure. Using counterfactual simulations, it is shown that this regressive effect of government spending has its origin in the unequal distribution of personal income made by markets.
An OLG Approach to Model the GHG Mitigation Mechanism of the Paris Agreement
Authors: Yang Zili 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Paris Agreement set up a blueprint for global GHG mitigation. Specifically, it specifies the temperature target by the end of the 21st century, outlines nationally determined contributions (NDCs), and periodical communication arrangements. In the literature on climate change economics, the above components of the Paris Agreement are not modeled simultaneously. In this paper, we adopt an overlapping generations (OLG) approach in the RICE2020 model to capture the above mechanisms of the Paris Agreement. Incorporating the OLG approach in an integrated assessment model (IAM) provides a rigorous economic interpretation of the mechanism set in the Paris Agreement. Through multi-scenario simulations in RICE2020, we conclude that the temperature target is not achievable under the NDCs and periodical communications mechanisms.
An Equilibrium Optimizer Slime Mould Algorithm For Inverse Kinematics Of The 7-DOF Robotic Manipulator
Authors: Yin Shihong , Luo Qifang , Zhou Guo , Zhou Yongquan , Zhu Binwen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the inverse kinematics (IK) of complex manipulators efficiently, a hybrid equilibrium optimizer slime mould algorithm (EOSMA) is proposed. Firstly, the concentration update operator of the equilibrium optimizer is used to guide the anisotropic search of the slime mould algorithm to improve the search efficiency. Then, the greedy strategy is used to update the individual and global historical optimal to accelerate the algorithm’s convergence. Finally, the random difference mutation operator is added to EOSMA to increase the probability of escaping from the local optimum. On this basis, a multi-objective version of EOSMA is proposed. Then, EOSMA and MOEOSMA are applied to the IK of the 7-DOF manipulator in two scenarios and compared with 15 single-objective and 3 multi-objective algorithms. The results show that EOSMA has higher accuracy and shorter computation time than previous studies. In two scenarios, the average convergence accuracy of EOSMA is 10e-17 and 10e-18, and the average solution time is 0.05s and 0.36s, respectively.