bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow‐Induced Secretion of Endothelial Heparanase Regulates Cardiac Lipoprotein Lipase and Changes Following Diabetes
Authors: Lee Chae Syng , Zhai Yajie , Shang Rui , Wong Trevor , Mattison Aurora J. , Cen Haoning Howard , Johnson James D. , Vlodavsky Israel , Hussein Bahira , Rodrigues Brian 
Published: November 2022

Background
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)‐derived fatty acid is a major source of energy for cardiac contraction. Synthesized in cardiomyocytes, LPL requires translocation to the vascular lumen for hydrolysis of lipoprotein triglyceride, an action mediated by endothelial cell (EC) release of heparanase. We determined whether flow‐mediated biophysical forces can cause ECs to secrete heparanase and thus regulate cardiac metabolism.

Methods and Results
Isolated hearts were retrogradely perfused. Confluent rat aortic ECs were exposed to laminar flow using an orbital shaker. Cathepsin L activity was determined using gelatin‐zymography. Diabetes was induced in rats with streptozotocin. Despite the abundance of enzymatically active heparanase in the heart, it was the enzymatically inactive, latent heparanase that was exceptionally responsive to flow‐induced release. EC exposed to orbital rotation exhibited a similar pattern of heparanase secretion, an effect that was reproduced by activation of the mechanosensor, Piezo1. The laminar flow‐mediated release of heparanase from EC required activation of both the purinergic receptor and protein kinase D, a kinase that assists in vesicular transport of proteins. Heparanase influenced cardiac metabolism by increasing cardiomyocyte LPL displacement along with subsequent replenishment. The flow‐induced heparanase secretion was augmented following diabetes and could explain the increased heparin‐releasable pool of LPL at the coronary lumen in these diabetic hearts.

Conclusions
ECs sense fluid shear‐stress and communicate this information to subjacent cardiomyocytes with the help of heparanase. This flow‐induced mechanosensing and its dynamic control of cardiac metabolism to generate ATP, using LPL‐derived fatty acid, is exquisitely adapted to respond to disease conditions, like diabetes.
Differentiation in Environmental Treaty Making: Measuring Provisions and How They Reshape the Depth–Participation Dilemma
Authors: Farias Deborah Barros Leal , Roger Charles 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article we measure, describe, and demonstrate the importance of differential treatment for developing countries in multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs). So far, we argue, quantitative research on differentiation has been minimal due to data constraints and the complex nature of relevant provisions. In response, we offer a way of relieving this constraint, exploiting the fact that MEAs with differentiation typically identify distinct sets of “developing country” parties. After describing the data collection process, we show that differentiation is surprisingly uncommon, appearing in only 6 percent of MEAs, and disproportionately appears in larger, more recent agreements. We then test a key conjecture about differentiation by revisiting the debate on the depth–participation dilemma. We demonstrate, specifically, how it conditions this relationship. When MEAs do not differentiate, greater depth reduces participation; when they do, the relationship is reversed, making it possible to sustain high levels of both. This result helps to reconcile conflicting findings in earlier studies and has important policy implications.
The Local Economic Impacts of Prisons
Authors: Chirakijja Janjala 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
I examine the economic consequences of prisons on local communities using two complementary approaches. The first uses prison openings during the 1990s across the United States, and the second exploits the results of the prison site-selection competitions in Texas. Prisons bring substantial and persistent gains in public employment. However, additional jobs at the prisons generate little spillover effects on private sector employment and fail to provide a major boost to local economic activity—overall resulting in approximately a one-for-one increase in local employment. Neighborhoods closest to prisons also experience declines in housing values and demographic shifts toward low-socioeconomic status households.
Do Export Support Programs Affect Prices, Quality, Markups, and Marginal Costs? Evidence From a Natural Policy Experiment
Authors: Buus Magnus T. , Munch Jakob R. , Rodrigue Joel , Schaur Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Firms’ success in international markets depends on their product’s quality, prices, markups, and marginal cost. However, causally identified empirical evidence for the effect of trade policies that address nontariff barriers on these mechanisms is rare. To fill this gap, we exploit a quasinatural experiment in Denmark and examine the effects of an export support policy aimed at reducing nontariff barriers to trade. We find that export support raises firm-level exports within markets. However, export support does not affect prices, quality, markups, or marginal costs. Instead, the results support trade theory predicting that firms grow in export markets by shifting demand.
Signals, Information, and the Value of College Names
Authors: Eble Alex , Hu Feng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Colleges can send signals about their quality by adopting new, more alluring names. We study how this affects college choice and labor market performance of college graduates. Administrative data show name-changing colleges enroll higher-aptitude students, with larger effects for alluring-but-misleading name changes and among students with less information. A large resume audit study suggests a small premium for new college names in most jobs, and a significant penalty in lower-status jobs. We characterize student and employer beliefs using web-scraped text, surveys, and other data. Our study shows signals designed to change beliefs can have real, lasting impacts on market outcomes.
Subway, Collaborative Matching, and Innovation
Authors: Koh Yumi , Li Jing , Xu Jianhuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Using rapid expansion of the Beijing subway from 2000 to 2018, we analyze its impact on collaborative matches in innovations. We find that an hour reduction in travel time between a pair of locations in Beijing brought 14.85% to 37.69% increase in collaborated patents. Far-apart location pairs were more affected, and the local average causal response is approximately 34.92% to 82.29%. The effect is mainly driven by increased matches among highly productive innovators. The entry of new innovators, relocation of existing innovators, and collaborations among low-productive innovators also contribute to the increase in collaborative matches, especially in the long run.
Passing the Test of Split: Israbic-A New Mixed Language
Authors: Kheir Afifa Eve 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Israbic is a language variety that is spoken by a majority of the Druze community in Israel and is characterised by a mixture of Israeli Hebrew and Palestinian Arabic. Longitudinal data of Palestinian Arabic/Israeli Hebrew code-switching from the Israeli Druze community collected in 2000, 2017 and 2018 indicate that Israbic went through a gradual process of language mixing. The process started with code-switching, was followed by a composite matrix language formation and ultimately resulted in a mixed language. Some linguists (see Backus, 2003; Bakker, 2003) claim that mixed languages cannot arise out of code-switching. Conversely, others (see Auer, 1999; Myers-Scotton, 2003) have proposed theoretical models to mixed languages as outcomes of code-switching, and some (see McConvell, 2008; McConvel and Meakins, 2005; Meakins, 2012; O’Shannessy, 2012) have provided empirical evidence under which mixed languages arise out of code-switching. This research sought to gather further empirical evidence showing that Israbic is another mixed language that arose out of code-switching. This study also wished to emphasise the uniqueness of Israbic, which is a mixture of closely related languages. Such mixtures are scarce in the literature (Auer, 2014). An examination of Israbic in relation to Auer’s and Myers-Scotton’s models and general definitions in the literature and comparisons of Israbic with other widely accepted mixed languages reveals that Israbic is an excellent example of a mixed language. However, such models and definitions are based on existing languages that have been subject to discussion in the literature. Of these languages, the majority arose from contact between languages from different language families, whereas this study is concerned with investigating a mixed language from the same language family. Thus, this raises the question as to whether such concepts have the same validity for closely related languages.
Similarity in Language Transfer – Investigating Transfer of Light Verb Constructions From Dutch to German
Authors: Barking Marie , Backus Ad , Mos Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bilingual speakers of typologically closely related languages tend to frequently experience language transfer, which suggests that similarity between languages is likely to play an important role in the transfer process. In this paper, we explore how three different types of similarity affect transfer of light verb constructions (lvc s), such as take a walk or set an alarm, from Dutch to German by native German speakers living in the Netherlands, namely: (a) similarity to existing constructions, (b) surface similarity based on whether the noun in the lvc is a cognate in Dutch and German, and (c) similarity in the light verb’s collocational contexts. The results suggest that all three types of similarity influence transfer: speakers add similar constructions to their language and they drop existing ones that happen to be less similar, ultimately facilitating convergence across the speakers’ languages.
Continuity and Change in New Dialect Formation: Tú vs. Usted in New York City Spanish
Authors: Fernández-Mallat Víctor , Newman Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study uses an innovative translation task method to explore second person singular (2ps) address patterns in New York City Spanish (nycs), a new dialect that formed in contact with English and among multiple dialects of Spanish. Results reveal more continuity than disruption in address choice with source varieties of Spanish, unlike some other diasporic language communities that show radical simplification in address systems. However, there was acceleration of trends found in most Spanish-speaking regions with greater use of the familiar tuteo variant over the formal ustedeo in apparent time. Our findings also point to spending adolescence in nyc as a key predictor of conformity to nycs patterns. This finding contrasts with studies of formal features in new dialect formation that have found middle childhood to be when conformity to local patterns mostly occurs.
Prior Exposure to Dynamic Visual Displays Reduces Vection Onset Latency
Authors: Ni Jing , Ito Hiroyuki , Ogawa Masaki , Sunaga Shoji , Palmisano Stephen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While compelling illusions of self-motion (vection) can be induced purely by visual motion, they are rarely experienced immediately. This vection onset latency is thought to represent the time required to resolve sensory conflicts between the stationary observer’s visual and nonvisual information about self-motion. In this study, we investigated whether manipulations designed to increase the weightings assigned to vision (compared to the nonvisual senses) might reduce vection onset latency. We presented two different types of visual priming displays directly before our main vection-inducing displays: (1) ‘random motion’ priming displays — designed to pre-activate general, as opposed to self-motion-specific, visual motion processing systems; and (2) ‘dynamic no-motion’ priming displays — designed to stimulate vision, but not generate conscious motion perceptions. Prior exposure to both types of priming displays was found to significantly shorten vection onset latencies for the main self-motion display. These experiments show that vection onset latencies can be reduced by pre-activating the visual system with both types of priming display. Importantly, these visual priming displays did not need to be capable of inducing vection or conscious motion perception in order to produce such benefits.
Vanitas and trompe-l’œil
Authors: Hindriks Sandra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This essay examines the complex ways in which early Netherlandish artists used illusionistic devices including trompe l’œil as a means of forcing viewers to confront their own mortality. Her analysis unpacks deep associations between the representation of memento mori motifs and the viewer’s response, focusing on how such paintings paradoxically appeal to the notoriously fallible sense of sight in order to provoke deeper reflection on, and preparation for, the inevitable end of life. The relationship of trompe l’œil to the memento mori rests, in this discussion, on how such devices call attention to the ways in which painting itself invites responses that are both sensual and cognitive. The deception of the eye leads to a higher cognitive state of questioning earthly perception as well as the unfathomable nature of death. The frequent use of folding panels served to ‘enfold’ the viewer actively in the visual and conative dynamics of the painted representation.
Embodying the Catholic faith
Authors: Marquaille Léonie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This essay probes the political and ideological status of such images in the officially Calvinist state after 1579. Focusing on the relationship between representations of the body of dead priests and the collective body of Catholic believers, Marquaille’s essay addresses one visual expression of the paradoxical situation whereby Catholics were reduced to minority status, not in numbers but through restrictions on public worship, including the public display of images. These prohibitions on the display of images notably extended to funerary rites, which were strictly regulated. This repressive context, according to Marquaille, gave rise to the posthumous clerical portrait as a new class of image with specific resonance for the emergent Dutch Catholic community. While Protestants shunned the representation of mortal remains, Dutch Catholics in particular came to embrace such depictions as an affirmative and distinctive feature of their newly proprietary visual culture.
Unravelling Ideas and Artefacts
Authors: Ang Hao Yuan , Tan Aik-Ling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study tracks the progression of students’ ideas by understanding how ideas are adopted or rejected. Understanding the discourses that lead to idea progression could help illumine sense-making and decision-making processes within student group discussions. Student-generated artefacts in the form of vertical farming prototypes were analysed. These artefacts were from four groups of students who were engaged in an integrated STEM activity to improve existing vertical farming solutions in land-scarce Singapore. In the authors’ analysis to understand how the final prototype came to being, they examined the progression of ideas through lesson phases of envisioning, sketching, collaborative modelling, feedback, and evaluation. A coding scheme was used to track whether ideas were rejected, improved, or assimilated in the final prototype. Idea maps were generated to track key developments of ideas. The findings revealed that groups that took greater risks in generating more ideas had more rejected ideas and were also more engaged in the feedback process. This resulted in richer idea development. Idea fluency was highly varied across all four groups. This suggests that group engagement and a culture of reflection and monitoring could significantly improve idea quality, although the lack of curriculum time could limit desired divergent idea generation.
Food Insecurity, Federal Nutrition Support, and Parent Feeding Practices During COVID-19: A 1-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Adams Elizabeth L. , Caccavale Laura J. , Smith Danyel I. , Bean Melanie K. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: COVID-19 caused stark increases in food insecurity. To maintain food provision, policy changes to the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) were instated. This longitudinal study examined (1) food security patterns across the timeline of COVID-19; (2) the relationship among food security patterns, NSLP/SNAP use, and parent feeding practices; and (3) parent perceptions of NSLP/SNAP policy changes. Methods: A total of 333 US parents completed online surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic: May 2020 (T1), September 2020 (T2), and May 2021 (T3). Food security and parent feeding practices were reported at each time point; pre–COVID-19 behaviors were retrospectively reported at T1. Use and perceptions of NSLP/SNAP policy changes were reported at T3. We examined associations between food security and parent feeding practices using repeated-measures mixed models. Results: The percentage of parents with very low food security increased from pre–COVID-19 (9.6%) to T1 (29.1%) and remained elevated at T3 (16.8%). One-third (31.2%) of families fluctuated between food security and food insecurity, with 27.0% remaining food insecure at T3. Thirty percent of consistently food-insecure families reported not receiving school-provided meals, and 45% did not receive SNAP benefits. Most parents reported that pickup school meal sites (71.4%), Pandemic Electronic Benefit Transfer cards (51.4%), and increased SNAP benefits (79.6%) were beneficial. Initial changes in parent feeding practices reported at T1 returned to pre–COVID-19 levels by T3, yet concern for child overweight remained significantly elevated. Conclusion: Continued policy efforts to support food-insecure families via expanded food access in NSLP/SNAP are critical.
Contribution of School and Family Factors to Racial Disparities in Bullying Involvement
Authors: Low Sabina , Liu Lin 
Published: November 2022

Limited research attention has been devoted to disparate vulnerabilities to social-ecological risk factors and how these may explain group differences in bullying by race. To address this gap, the present study used data of early adolescent respondents (Mage = 11.2 years) from 36 public middle schools ( N = 2701) to assess the nexus of race, social-ecological risk factors, and bullying perpetration. Multilevel modeling was employed to quantify the racial gap in bullying as well as the race-specific effects of social-ecological risk factors. Data revealed that Black students engaged in the highest levels of bullying perpetration, relative to all other racial/ethnic subgroups. School belonging exerted an amplified protective effect on Black and Hispanic youth, relative to White youth, and diminished the Black-White bullying perpetration gap. The link between exposure to family conflict and bullying perpetration was also race-specific. Findings yielded significant implications for bullying intervention and prevention.
Factors Associated With Postpartum Weight Retention in African Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kossou Jahdiel , Alaofè Halimatou , Hounkpatin Waliou Amoussa , Lokonon Jaurès 
Published: November 2022

Background: The obesity epidemic among women in Africa is a health problem, and many studies attribute it to childbearing. However, most studies of postpartum weight retention (PPWR) occur in high-income countries. Objective: Therefore, this review sought to identify the potential factors affecting PPWR among African women. Methods: Four databases were searched from January 2000 to December 2020: Medline/PubMed, Google scholar, Ajol research, FreeFullPDF. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: Fifteen studies (5 from west, 4 from south, 3 from east, 2 from central, and 1 from north) were included: 8 cohort and 7 prospective cohort studies. Two studies examined the effect of obesity and weight gain during pregnancy on PPWR, 3 studies assessed the effect of childbirth, 4 examined the effect of breastfeeding, 4 assessed the impact of morbidities such as HIV, and 2 looked at food insecurity. Five studies demonstrated that postpartum weight is due to residual pregnancy weight gain and childbirth weight gain and is accentuated as parity increases (n = 2). Breastfeeding has a controversial effect, while morbidity (n = 4) and food insecurity (n = 4) contributed to weight loss. The variation in weight was also influenced by cultural practices (n = 1), prepregnancy weight (n = 1), and socioeconomic status (n = 1). On all domains, only 3 included studies were of good quality. Conclusions: Pregnancy weight gain, childbirth, breastfeeding, morbidity, and food insecurity were associated with PPWR. However, preexisting factors must be considered when developing PPWR modification strategies. In addition, due to the limited number of studies included, robust conclusions cannot be drawn.
Cardiac involvement in a Spanish unicentric prospective cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Álvarez Troncoso Jorge , Soto Abanades Clara , Robles Marhuenda Ángel , Martínez Robles Elena , Noblejas Mozo Ana , Florez Gómez Roberto , Pérez David Esther , Ríos Blanco Juan José 
Published: November 2022

Background Cardiac involvement is one of the most frequent manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) may be valuable for the early detection of cardiac abnormalities in SLE. Few studies analyze both TTE findings in SLE and the risk factors that predispose to different cardiac manifestations in a long follow-up cohort. We aimed to investigate cardiac involvement’s prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes in a Spanish Lupus Clinic. Methods Spanish single-center prospective study of cardiac involvement in SLE. Two hundred and one patients met the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria, performed TTE, and were eligible for the study. Results Cardiac involvement was present in 43.8%. Patients with older age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, higher body mass index, peripheral arterial disease, thrombosis, and major cardiovascular events had significantly more cardiac involvement. Neurological, hematological, and serosal involvement (pleuritis and/or pericarditis) were clinical risk factors for abnormal TTE. The combination of the four clinical variables (dyspnea, chest pain, cough, and/or syncope) was present in 40.9% of the patients with abnormal TTE in the follow-up and was superior to each of the manifestations separately. Troponin I (TnI) ≥ 0.2 ng/mL and NTproBNP ≥ 300 pg/mL were excellent biomarkers with a good correlation with cardiac abnormalities. Anti-B2GP1 was the only autoantibody associated with cardiac involvement in our cohort. Presenting cardiac involvement was correlated with higher SLICC Damage Index and increased mortality risk in the 2-year follow-up period. Conclusions Cardiac involvement in SLE is diverse, heterogeneous, and highly prevalent. Presenting a pathological TTE was associated with greater damage accrual and greater mortality. Based on our results, we consider that echocardiographic screening of patients with SLE is essential, especially those symptomatic and/or with risk factors, to diagnose and treat cardiac involvement earlier.