bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for High Blood Product Use in Patients with Stanford Type A Dissection
Authors: Schafigh Myriam , Welz Armin , Hamiko Marwan , Kohistani Zaki , Treede Hendrik , Probst Chris 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Intraoperative and postoperative bleeding associated with allogeneic blood transfusion and reoperation is still a common and feared complication in patients undergoing surgery due to acute Type A Aortic Dissection (aTAAD). The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for higher transfusion rates.
Methods In this retrospective single center study we evaluated pre -, intra-, and postoperative data of 121 patients with aTAAD. Depending on the median of received packed red blood cells (PRBCs), patients were divided into Group A (<8 PRBC, n = 53) and Group B (≥8 PRBC n = 68). Statistical analyses (descriptive statistics, univariable and multivariable logistic regression) were performed using SPSS software 25.0. Statistical significance was assumed at p-value <0.05.
Results A total of 120 patients received a blood product during their perioperative course. Among others we identified age, hemorrhagic pericardial effusion, and dual antiplatelet therapy as preoperative risk factors, low rectal temperature as intraoperative risk factor and low body temperature, positive fluid balance, high lactate level and beginning development of acute renal failure as postoperative risk factors.
Conclusion Our study identifies several factors which predict a higher likelihood of bleeding and consecutive blood transfusion. Knowledge of these factors could influence the therapy to reduce transfusion requirements and lead to a targeted and more efficient use of coagulation products.
Breaking the Barrier in Endoscopy
Authors: Pal Partha , Ramchandani Mohan , Pradev Inavolu , Singh Aniruddha Pratap , Reddy Duvvuru Nageshwar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this narrative review, invited by the Editors of the Journal of Digestive Endoscopy, we summarize recent advances in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy with regard to reaching the earlier inaccessible areas in the gut by newer methods and technology. This article primarily discusses recent advances in the past few years in the following headings: (1) reaching redundant small bowel via enteroscopy (primarily motorized spiral enteroscopy), (2) reaching the thin pancreaticobiliary ducts via cholangioscopy and pancreatoscopy, (3) going out of the gut wall: third-space endoscopy (primarily peroral endoscopic myotomy: POEM). A thorough literature review was performed on each topic describing how the advances were evolving.
Salivary Antioxidant Capacity and Oral Health Status in Children with Visual Impairments—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hazra Madhurima , Shetty Vabitha , Suresh Lekshmi Radhakrishnan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Children with visual impairment are at a higher risk for developing dental disease, and imbalances in the antioxidant levels may play an important role in the development and management of oral diseases.
Aim Our aim was to evaluate and compare the oral health status and salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in children with and without visual impairment.
Methods Oral health was evaluated among 6 to 11 years old children with and without visual impairment (50 each) using World Health Organization oral health assessment form for caries prevalence, gingival health, and oral hygiene levels. Unstimulated saliva was collected and assayed for TAC using the phosphomolybdic method.
Statistical Analysis The data collected were tabulated, and the results, thus, obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using EZR software—version 1.37. The variables between the two groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. A correlation test was done using Spearman's correlation test.
Results The mean TAC levels among children with and without visual impairment were 49.17 (±25.702) and 156.67 (±56.031) µg/mL, respectively, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The children with visual impairment showed a significantly higher number of carious lesions compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Oral hygiene status and gingival health status were significantly poorer in children with visual impairments than the children in the control group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions Oral health was significantly poorer, and salivary TAC levels were significantly lower in children with visual impairment. There may be an inverse correlation between salivary TAC and oral health status. Clinical Significance: Since these children have been shown to have poorer oral health status, a baseline assessment of their salivary antioxidant capacity may indicate the need to reinforce oral care efforts and supplement them using an antioxidant-rich diet.
Challenges at Technology Adoption in Academic Learning among Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Rodrigues Devina E. , Kamath Neetha , Souza Renita Priya D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Traditional classrooms with limited flexibility in cell phones and social platforms like Twitter and Facebook are typical for most schools and colleges. The coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown scenario opened up a new way and created a wave in purchasing and using android phones, laptops, high-intensity Wi-Fi, which gave an entirely new look to the educational system. Hence, the present study aims to assess the challenges at technology adaption in academic learning faced by nursing students.
Methodology A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive survey design was adopted. A total of 708 nursing students were selected using the universal sampling technique in the study. Prior to the study obtained ethical clearance certificate and authority permission from the institutes where the participants were pursuing their nursing course. Demographic Proforma and challenges of technology adoption rating scale were prepared and sent to nursing students online to determine the challenges of technology adoption for academic learning. A second reminder was sent if the participants failed to submit the online forms within 2 days.
Results The majority of the students, 557 (78.6%), were between the age group of 18 to 21 years, 658 (92.9%) were females, and 688 (97.2%) of them were pursuing a BSc nursing course. The majority, 188 (26.6%), of the students were pursuing second year BSc. One-third (257; 36.3%) of the participants were from Karnataka. Most of the students, (677; 95.6%), felt that virtual classes have barriers to learning opportunities. A small proportion of the students felt that technology adoption is an opportunity to learn academics during the lockdown. Mean percentage scores of (394; 55.59%) subjects indicate virtual classes made them face many challenges in the form of barriers to learning academics.
Conclusion Adequate training on handling technical issues and advanced technology is the need of the hour in higher education institutions. Online teaching and learning should be made an integral part of teaching-learning methodologies to keep the students abreast of advancing technologies.
Search for long-lasting electronic coherence using on-the-fly ab initio semiclassical dynamics
Authors: Scheidegger Alan , Vaníček Jiří , Golubev Nikolay V. 
Published: January 2022

Using a combination of high-level ab initio electronic structure methods with efficient on-the-fly semiclassical evaluation of nuclear dynamics, we performed a massive scan of small polyatomic molecules searching for a long-lasting oscillatory dynamics of the electron density triggered by the outer-valence ionization. We observed that in most of the studied molecules, either the sudden removal of an electron from the system does not lead to the appearance of the electronic coherence or the created coherences become damped by the nuclear rearrangement on a time scale of a few femtoseconds. However, we report several so far unexplored molecules with the electronic coherences lasting up to 10 fs, which can be good candidates for experimental studies. In addition, we present the full-dimensional simulations of the electronic coherences coupled to nuclear motion in several molecules which were studied previously only in the fixed nuclei approximation.
Difficult climate-adaptive decisions in forests as complex social–ecological systems
Authors: Findlater Kieran , Kozak Robert , Hagerman Shannon 
Published: January 2022

Significance
New forest management techniques, like genomics-based assisted migration (AM), can help forests adapt to climate change by maintaining the productivity of commercially important tree species. However, we find that key stakeholder groups tend to be more concerned about the broader health of the forest ecosystem than the success of commercially important species. Because of its uncertain impact on other social, ecological, and economic goals, they have difficulty judging the acceptability of AM and the trade-offs that it implies. While AM may appear to be a technical intervention, many of its implications are not. Decisions about AM and other such adaptations should account for the breadth of values that forests create and the diverse voices of those who depend on them.
Eosinophils regulate intra-adipose axonal plasticity
Authors: Meng Xia , Qian Xinmin , Ding Xiaofan , Wang Wenjing , Yin Xia , Zhuang Guanglei , Zeng Wenwen 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceNeuronal innervation in the adipose tissues plays a crucial role in regulating adipose thermogenic capacity and metabolic homeostasis. The tissue-wide nerves display a large extent of structural plasticity under physiological and pathological conditions that alter the neuronal control of metabolic states. We find here that neuronal plasticity is regulated by immune cells, which constitutes an appealing way to reshape neural-controlled energy balance by targeting immune components.
V-CARMA: A tool for the detection and modification of antigen-specific T cells
Authors: Guo Xi-zhi J. , Elledge Stephen J. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat cancers, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity by harnessing the power of immune cells, especially T cells. To improve the precision and efficacy of immunotherapy, the ability to genetically modify antigen-specific T cells is needed but cannot be accomplished using current methods. Here, we present a method, V-CARMA (Viral ChimAeric Receptor MHC-Antigen), to generate lentiviruses displaying peptide-MHC complex to specifically target T cells that express cognate TCRs and subsequently deliver genes into target T cells for genetic modification. Our results demonstrate that V-CARMA is a versatile tool to detect and modify antigen-specific T cells.
Politicians polarize and experts depolarize public support for COVID-19 management policies across countries
Authors: Flores Alexandra , Cole Jennifer C. , Dickert Stephan , Eom Kimin , Jiga-Boy Gabriela M. , Kogut Tehila , Loria Riley , Mayorga Marcus , Pedersen Eric J. , Pereira Beatriz , Rubaltelli Enrico , Sherman David K. , Slovic Paul , Västfjäll Daniel , Van Boven Leaf 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Political polarization impeded public support for policies to address the spread of COVID-19, much as polarization hinders responses to other societal challenges. The present cross-country study demonstrates how the cues from political elites and affective polarization are analogous across countries addressing COVID-19. Far from being an outlier, the United States faces polarization challenges similar to those of other countries. Importantly, the results demonstrate that policies to combat public health crises are more supported when proposed by nonpartisan experts and bipartisan coalitions of political leaders. These results provide clear guidance on depolarizing communication strategies to improve global responses to health crises.
Dynamic multifunctional devices enabled by ultrathin metal nanocoatings with optical/photothermal and morphological versatility
Authors: Zeng Songshan , Yang Zhuoran , Hou Zaili , Park Cheonjin , Jones Michael D. , Ding Hao , Shen Kuangyu , Smith Andrew T. , Jin Henry X. , Wang Bing , Jiang Han , Sun Luyi 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Smart devices characterized by micro-/nanotopographies, such as cracks, wrinkles, folds, etc., have been fabricated for widespread application. Here, with the combination of multiscale hierarchical architecture, ultrathin metal nanocoatings with high optical/photothermal tunability and morphological versatility, and surface/interface engineering, a set of multifunctional devices with multistimuli responsiveness was fabricated. These devices can adapt to external stimuli with reversible and instantaneous responses in optical signals, which include strain-regulated light-scattering properties, photothermal-responsive wrinkled surface coupled with moisture-responsive structural color, and mechanically controllable light-shielding properties. The structural designs that rationally overlay micro-/nanostructured ultrathin nanocoatings with other elements are the key to realize this advanced system, which provides avenues for designing versatile, tunable, and adaptable multifunctional devices.
Development of a bubble-based single cell picking system
Authors: Wang Ronghang , Liu Bingxin , Gong Jiahao , Zhang Jinlu , Gao Meng , Zhang Lunjia , Wang Xuelin , Chen Sen , Hong Jie , Gui Lin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, we proposed a novel method to ‘pick’ single cell from a cluster of cells using bubbles as ‘fingers’. Particularly, the bubble was generated in the cell suspension solution via the pores in a porous membrane sandwiched between the solution channel and the gas channel. Controlling the pressure of the gas and the cell suspension could produce a bubble with certain size in the solution channel, and the bubble could capture a cell in its surface due to the interfacial tension between the cell suspension solution and the bubble, and then transfer the cell away. A simplified mechanical model was built to interpret the mechanism of the cell control. This method can be easily applied on multiple fields, including the single cell analysis, drug screening, cells sorting, and tumor biology, since it could separate a single cell from the cell cluster efficiently.
Signature of supersolidity in a driven cubic–quartic nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Debnath Argha , Tarun Jammu , Khan Ayan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present analytical solution, which is periodic in nature, for a driven cubic–quartic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DCQNLSE) is placed in a bi-chromatic optical lattice. The solution indicates the creation of density wave. Since, beyond mean-field contribution in quasi one dimensional and one dimensional geometry differs on the even exponents of the nonlinearity thus we extend our analysis toward quadratic–cubic–quartic and quadratic–cubic nonlinearities as well. Later, we study the dynamics of DCQNLSE. Our study indicates the existence of stripe phase along with considerable phase coherence. These findings allow us to comment on the possible emergence of supersolid phase in a condensate.
An efficient method for producing 9Be+ ions using a 2 + 1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization process
Authors: Li Min , Zhang Yong , Zhang Qian-Yu , Bai Wen-Li , He Sheng-Guo , Peng Wen-Cui , Tong Xin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report a method of creating pure 9Be+ ions by a 2 + 1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization for the ionization potential of 75 192.64(6) cm−1 (133 nm). The efficient generation of 9Be+ ions has been realized in a segmented linear ion trap. The average loading rates with a 10 ns, 1 mJ laser at 310 nm and 306 nm are 3.8 and 1.3 ions per pulse, respectively. This method has the advantage of reducing the electron contamination to the ion trap electrodes greatly. It also reduces the requirement of single-photon energy while satisfying the need for ionization probability and can be applied to other atoms with high ionization thresholds.
High reflectivity Co/Mg multilayer working in the broad soft x-ray range of 350–770 eV
Authors: Feng Jiangtao , Huang Qiushi , Qi Runze , Sokolov Andrey , Sertsu Mewael , Yang Xiaowei , Zhang Zhong , Wang Zhanshan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A Co/Mg multilayer was proposed and optimized to work in the broad soft x-ray range of 350–770 eV. The multilayers with a d-spacing of 6.0 nm showed large interface widths of 1.95–1.07 nm which were significantly improved to 0.65–0.62 nm by using a higher Co sputtering power. Grazing incidence x-ray reflectometry, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction measurements were used to study the multilayer structure and a more ordered polycrystalline structure was found in the multilayers deposited with higher Co power, which can explain the great improvement. The effect of Ar sputtering pressure on the layer structure was also studied. The measured soft x-ray reflectivity results indicated a high reflectivity of 18%–27.5% at 400–700 eV can be reached if a saturated number of bilayers of 50 were deposited.
Ferromagnetism of Mn-N4 architecture embedded graphene
Authors: Zhang Haiyi , Liao Zhongxin , Xia Baorui , Herng Tun Seng , Ding Jun , Gao Daqiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The realization of intrinsic two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials with high Curie temperature is one of the prevalent research directions in spintronics. Here, a 2D ferromagnet of Mn-N4 embedded graphene is reported, where the single Mn atom dispersed Mn-N4 structure is confirmed by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy results. Magnetic measurements demonstrate that the Mn-N4 embedded graphene exhibits robust room-temperature ferromagnetism, and the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism results reveal that the magnetic moments come from the embedded Mn atoms. Furthermore, using first-principle calculations, we demonstrate that the Mn-N4 architecture is the source of the magnetism and the long-range magnetic ordering is favored in such coordination systems.
Solving gauge anomaly equations in the standard model using the method of chords
Authors: Bhattacharya Dyuman , Rajabi Sayeh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In a recent paper, Allanach et al (2020 J. High Energy Phys. JHEP05(2020)065) introduced a geometric method to solve the anomaly cancellation equations for a U(1) gauge theory with an arbitrary number of charges—the method of chords known in Diophantine analysis. We extend their result to non-abelian gauge groups, and show that this method can be used to find the general solution to the anomaly cancellation equations for a theory with the standard model gauge group on a curved background. Given K charges in (2, 3), L charges in (2, 1), M charges in (1, 3), and N charges in (1, 1) representations of SU(2) × SU(3), the equations reduce to a homogeneous cubic Diophantine equation in K + L + M + N − 4 variables.
Strain and orientation engineering in ABO3 perovskite oxide thin films
Authors: Sando Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Perovskite oxides with chemical formula ABO3 are widely studied for their properties including ferroelectricity, magnetism, strongly correlated physics, optical effects, and superconductivity. A thriving research direction using such materials is through their integration as epitaxial thin films, allowing many novel and exotic effects to be discovered. The integration of the thin film on a single crystal substrate, however, can produce unique and powerful effects, and can even induce phases in the thin film that are not stable in bulk. The substrate imposed mechanical boundary conditions such as strain, crystallographic orientation, octahedral rotation patterns, and symmetry can also affect the functional properties of perovskite films. Here, the author reviews the current state of the art in epitaxial strain and orientation engineering in perovskite oxide thin films. The paper begins by introducing the effect of uniform conventional biaxial strain, and then moves to describe how the substrate crystallographic orientation can induce symmetry changes in the film materials. Various material case studies, including ferroelectrics, magnetically ordered materials, and nonlinear optical oxides are covered. The connectivity of the oxygen octahedra between film and substrate depending on the strain level as well as the crystallographic orientation is then discussed. The review concludes with open questions and suggestions worthy of the community’s focus in the future.
High temperature superconductivity in the candidate phases of solid hydrogen
Authors: Dogan Mehmet , Oh Sehoon , Cohen Marvin L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As the simplest element in nature, unraveling the phase diagram of hydrogen is a primary task for condensed matter physics. As conjectured many decades ago, in the low-temperature and high-pressure part of the phase diagram, solid hydrogen is expected to become metallic with a high superconducting transition temperature. The metallization may occur via band gap closure in the molecular solid or via a transition to the atomic solid. Recently, a few experimental studies pushed the achievable pressures into the 400–500 GPa range. There are strong indications that at some pressure in this range metallization via either of these mechanisms occurs, although there are disagreements between experimental reports. Furthermore, there are multiple good candidate crystal phases that have emerged from recent computational and experimental studies which may be realized in upcoming experiments. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the superconducting properties of these candidate phases. In a recent study, we reported the superconducting properties of the C2/c-24 phase, which we believe to be a strong candidate for metallization via band gap closure (Dogan et al 2022 Phys. Rev. B
105 L020509). Here, we report the superconducting properties of the Cmca-12, Cmca-4 and I41/amd-2 phases including the anharmonic effects using a Wannier function-based dense k-point and q-point sampling. We find that the Cmca-12 phase has a superconducting transition temperature that rises from 86 K at 400 GPa to 212 K at 500 GPa, whereas the Cmca-4 and I41/amd-2 phases show a less pressure-dependent behavior with their T

c
in the 74–94 K and 307–343 K ranges, respectively. These properties can be used to distinguish between crystal phases in future experiments. Understanding superconductivity in pure hydrogen is also important in the study of high-T

c
hydrides.