bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary design for establishing compost maturity by using the spectral characteristics of five organic fertilizers
Authors: Lin Yi-Hong , Lin Yong-Zhang , Lin Yong-Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe maturity of compost is involved in the availability of nutrients to crops and improvement of soil properties after fertilization. In the past, the determination of composts maturity mostly required analysis in the laboratory previously and it must consume a lot of time and cost. This study was conducted to use Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and solid13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy to understand the mature characteristics of five type of common composts. The FTIR analysis showed that all composts contained aromatic groups. In addition, the surface of five composts contained the functional groups including hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group etc. However, these functional groups changed along with maturity degree. It is recognized that the aliphatic group located at 2930 cm−1and 2850 cm−1showed a decreasing peak, and amino acid at 1385 cm−1was disappearing gradually due to the decomposition of organic matter by bacteria. There may be used to identify the maturity degree of composts. Increase of aromatic group at 1650 cm−1, carboxy (–COOH) and phenolic OH group at 1385 cm−1may prove the full maturity of composts.13C NMR analysis showed that five type of matured composts are mainly consisted with aliphatic groups and aromatic groups. The surfaces of the composts contained C–O bonds (ester, ethers, carbohydrate and other functional groups), COO−(carboxyl and ester carbons) and C=O bond (aldehydes and ketones). The strength of different absorptive characteristics of FTIR and13C NMR may be a clue to identify the maturity of composts for the design of detective instruments in the future.
Diagnostic accuracy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy with a coaxial cutting needle for the diagnosis of lung cancer in patients with UIP pattern
Authors: Kim Da Young , Sun Joo Sung , Kim Eun Young , Park Kyung Joo , You Seulgi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB) with a coaxial needle for the diagnosis of lung cancer in patients with an usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern of interstitial lung disease. This study included 70 patients with UIP and suspected to have lung cancer. CT-guided PCNB was performed using a 20-gauge coaxial cutting needle. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and percentage of nondiagnostic results for PCNB were determined in comparison with the final diagnosis. PCNB-related complications were evaluated. Additionally, the risk factors for nondiagnostic results and pneumothorax were analyzed. The overall diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 85.7%, 85.5%, and 87.5%, respectively. The percentage of nondiagnostic results was 18.6% (13/70). Two or less biopsy sampling was a risk factor for nondiagnostic results (p = 0.003). The overall complication rate was 35.7% (25/70), and pneumothorax developed in 22 patients (31.4%). A long transpulmonary needle path was a risk factor for the development of pneumothorax (p = 0.007). CT-guided PCNB using a coaxial needle is an effective method with reasonable accuracy and an acceptable complication rate for the diagnosis of lung cancer, even in patients with UIP.
Limited Mediterranean sea-level drop during the Messinian salinity crisis inferred from the buried Nile canyon
Authors: Gvirtzman Zohar , Heida Hanneke , Garcia-Castellanos Daniel , Bar Oded , Zucker Elchanan , Enzel Yehouda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe extreme Mediterranean sea-level drop during the Messinian salinity crisis has been known for >50 years, but its amplitude and duration remain a challenge. Here we estimate its amplitude by restoring the topography of the Messinian Nile canyon and the vertical position of the Messinian coastline by unloading of post-Messinian sediment and accounting for flexural isostasy and compaction. We estimate the original depth of the geomorphological base level of the Nile River at ~600 m below present sea level, implying a drawdown 2–4 times smaller than previously estimated from the Nile canyon and suggesting that salt precipitated under 1–3 km deep waters. This conclusion is at odds with the nearly-desiccated basin model (>2 km drawdown) dominating the scientific literature for 50 years. Yet, a 600 m drawdown is ca. five times larger than eustatic fluctuations and its impact on the Mediterranean continental margins is incomparable to any glacial sea-level fall.
Tetra (C60) lanthanum phthalocyanine: design, synthesis and investigation of the third-order nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Zhu Min , Ding Jiale , Niu Sen , Zhang Yunhe , Wang Guibin 
Published: September 2022

The enhanced NLO properties of tetra (C60)–LaPc are mainly attributed to a combination of different NLO performances of C60 and LaPc, but also to the contribution of the PET/ET process in a D–π–A molecular system.
Research on the application of body posture action feature extraction and recognition comparison
Authors: Zhao Jia‐Jun , Liu Zhi‐Qiang , Xie Si‐Jia , Tang Chuan‐Qian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper mainly conducts a comparative study of body posture action feature extraction and recognition in three‐dimensional (3D) space through motion capture technology and virtual reality technology. Firstly, this paper proposes a body posture feature extraction method in 3D space to obtain joint point data and conduct body posture feature extraction research. At the same time, this method is used for action recognition research, which solves the difficulty of traditional methods in 3D scene feature extraction and motion recognition. In addition, this paper proposes two action comparison methods in 3D space. One is a ‘distance threshold method’ that calculates the distance between bones in the form of joint points and bones, which can finally provide the effect of dynamic display of sliders; the other is the ‘feature plane method’ that calculates the detailed information based on different skeletal joint point planes, and finally provides a text display effect with detailed body posture difference values. Finally, combined with virtual reality technology, an application platform for body posture feature recognition and comparison is designed and implemented, which solves the problems of poor visualization effect and weak interaction of traditional methods.
Trajectory prediction for autonomous driving based on multiscale spatial‐temporal graph
Authors: Tang Luqi , Yan Fuwu , Zou Bin , Li Wenbo , Lv Chen , Wang Kewei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPredicting the trajectories of surrounding heterogeneous traffic agents is critical for the decision making of an autonomous vehicle. Recently, many existing prediction methods have focused on capturing interactions between agents to improve prediction accuracy. However, few methods pay attention to the temporal dependencies of interactions that there are different behavioural interactions at different time scales. In this work, the authors propose a novel framework for trajectory prediction by stacking spatial‐temporal layers at multiple time scales. Firstly, the authors design three kinds of adjacency matrices to capture more genuine spatial dependencies rather than a fixed adjacency matrix. Then, a novel dilated temporal convolution is developed to handle temporal dependencies. Benefiting from the dilated temporal convolution, the authors’ graph convolution is able to aggregate information from neighbours at different time scales by stacking spatial‐temporal layers. Finally, a long short‐term memory networks (LSTM)‐based trajectory generation module is used to receive the features extracted by the spatial‐temporal graph and generate the future trajectories for all observed traffic agents simultaneously. The authors evaluate the proposed model on the publicly available next generation simulation dataset (NGSIM), the highway drone dataset (highD), and ApolloScape datasets. The results demonstrate that the authors’ approach achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance. Furthermore, the proposed method ranked #1 on the leaderboard of the ApolloScape trajectory competition in March 2021.
J-PLUS: Uncovering a large population of extreme [OIII] emitters in the local Universe
Authors: Lumbreras-Calle A. , López-Sanjuan C. , Sobral D. , Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , Vílchez J. M. , Hernán-Caballero A. , Akhlaghi M. , Díaz-García L. A. , Alcaniz J. , Angulo R. E. , Cenarro A. J. , Cristóbal-Hornillos D. , Dupke R. A. , Ederoclite A. , Hernández-Monteagudo C. , Marín-Franch A. , Moles M. , Sodré L. , Vázquez Ramió H. , Varela J. 
Published: September 2022

Context.Over the past decades, several studies have discovered a population of galaxies that undergo very strong star formation events. They are called extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs).Aims.We exploit the capabilities of the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS), a wide-field multifilter survey, with which 2000 square degrees of the northern sky are already observed. We use it to identify EELGs at low redshift by their [OIII]5007 emission line. We intend to provide a more complete, deep, and less biased sample of local EELGs.Methods.We selected objects with an excess of flux in the J-PLUS medium-bandJ0515 filter, which covers the [OIII] line atz < 0.06. We removed contaminants (stars and higher-redshift systems) using J-PLUS and WISE infrared photometry, with SDSS spectra as a benchmark. We performed spectral energy distribution fitting to estimate the physical properties of the galaxies: line fluxes, equivalent widths (EWs), masses, stellar population ages, and so on.Results.We identify 466 EELGs atz < 0.06 with [OIII] EW over 300 Å and anr-band magnitude below 20, of which 411 were previously unknown. Most show compact morphologies, low stellar masses (log(M⋆/M⊙) ∼ 8.13−0.58+0.61), low dust extinction (E(B−V) ∼ 0.1−0.1+0.2), and very young bursts of star formation (3.0−2.0+2.7Myr). Our method is up to ∼20 times more efficient in detecting EELGs per Mpc3than broadband surveys, and it is as complete as magnitude-limited spectroscopic surveys (but reaches fainter objects). The sample is not directly biased against strong Hαemitters, in contrast with works using broadband surveys.Conclusions.We demonstrate that J-PLUS can identify a large sample of previously unknown EELGs showing unique properties following a clear selection process. A fraction of the EELGs are probably similar to the first galaxies in the Universe, but they are at a much lower redshift, which makes them ideal targets for follow-up studies.
A semiempirical approach to low-energy cosmic ray propagation in the diffuse interstellar medium
Authors: Franceschi Riccardo , Shore Steven N. 
Published: September 2022

Context. We investigate the ionization of the diffuse interstellar medium by cosmic rays by modeling their propagation along the wandering magnetic fields using a Monte Carlo method. We explore how particle trapping and second-order Fermi processes affect the ionization of the medium.
Aims. We study how low-energy comic rays propagate in turbulent, translucent molecular clouds, and how they regulate the ionization and both lose and gain energy from the medium.
Methods. As a test case, we used high spatial resolution (0.03 pc) CO maps of a well-studied high latitude translucent cloud, MBM 3, to model turbulence. The propagation problem is solved with a modified Monte Carlo procedure that includes trapping, energization, and ionization losses.
Results. In the homogeneous medium, trapping and re-energization do not produce a significant effect. In the nonuniform medium, particles can be trapped for a long time inside the cloud. This modifies the cosmic ray distribution due to stochastic acceleration at the highest energies (∼100 MeV). At lower energies, the re-energization is too weak to produce an appreciable effect. The change in the energy distribution does not significantly affect the ionization losses, so ionization changes are due to trapping effects.
Conclusions. Our Monte Carlo approach to cosmic ray propagation is an alternative method for solving the transport equation. This approach can be benchmarked to gas observations of molecular clouds. Using this approach, we demonstrate that stochastic Fermi acceleration and particle trapping occurs in inhomogeneous clouds, significantly enhancing their ionization.
Der Nachlass von Gerd Huber (1921–2012) am Bezirkskrankenhaus
Günzburg
Authors: Kosenko Oxana , Bechter Karl , Becker Thomas , Steger Florian 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungGerd Huber (1921–2012) war ein bedeutender westdeutscher Psychiater und
Neurologe der Nachkriegszeit. Vor allem seine Studien mit bildgebenden Verfahren
zur Frage der Hirnatrophie, zum Langzeitverlauf und zu den Basissymptomen der
schizophrenen Erkrankungen leisteten einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Erforschung
der Schizophrenie und wurden international diskutiert. Der an das
Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg übergebene Huber-Nachlass wird
aktuell für die Forschung erschlossen. Der Nachlass enthält
private und berufliche Unterlagen Hubers, seine Werke sowie einen kleinen
Teilnachlass von Kurt Schneider. Diese Archivalien spiegeln nicht nur die
Entwicklung der akademischen Laufbahn von Gerd Huber wider, sondern sind
bedeutend für die Erforschung der Geschichte der Psychiatrie in der
Nachkriegszeit in Westdeutschland, der Entwicklung der Konzepte auf den Gebieten
der Schizophrenieforschung und der biologischen Psychiatrie, der
Universitäts- und Alltagsgeschichte und anderer Themen.
Patient Satisfaction and Barriers to Nursing Care Quality in Oncology Units
Authors: Kannappan Sujatha R. , Veigas Jacintha , Walton Mary 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Every patient expects safe and quality patient care. A satisfying journey during hospitalization indicates quality care. Nurses provide a significant component of patient care over a long period, compared to any other healthcare professional. This study aims to find patient satisfaction in oncology units and identify the barriers to nursing care quality.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional correlation design was used with 100 cancer patients admitted to oncology units of tertiary care hospital selected by convenience sampling. The Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire was used to assess patient satisfaction, and an investigator-prepared and validated checklist was used to identify barriers to nursing care quality.
Results: The study revealed that 50% of patients were satisfied with the overall nursing care quality received during the hospital stay, and the overall barrier score to patient satisfaction for quality nursing care was 33.5%. Overall, 37% of patients were extremely satisfied with the quality of care and services they received during their hospital stay. The findings revealed a statistically significant association between patient satisfaction and the patients' employment status, type of treatment, and duration of stay in the hospital. This study also revealed that workload, lack of time, and inability to speak the local language were the major barriers to patient satisfaction.
Conclusions: Patients are the hospital's consumers or customers. For the best results, hospitals should train nurses to communicate in the local language, provide adequate staffing, and adequate training.
Methane activation by vanadium oxide cluster anions (V2O5)NO− (N = 1–18)
Authors: Wei Gong-Ping , Zhao Yan-Xia , He Sheng-Gui 
Published: September 2022

The reactivity of vanadium oxide cluster anions (V2O5)NO− (N = 1–18) that feature with vanadium oxyl radicals (V–O⋅−) toward the most stable alkane, methane, at 273 K has been characterized by employing a newly home-made ship-lock type reactor coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The rate constants were determined in the orders of magnitude of 10−16–10−18 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, which significantly breaks the detection limit of predecessors that the reactivity of metal-oxyl radicals (Mn+–O⋅−) with rate constants higher than 10−14 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 could usually be measured. The dynamic structural rearrangement of the cluster skeleton has been proposed to account for the size-dependent reactivity of (V2O5)1–5O− clusters, which may also function in tuning the reactivity of large-sized (V2O5)6–18O− clusters. This work provides new insights into the mechanism of Mn+–O⋅−-mediated C–H activation of methane at a strictly molecular level and expands the activity landscape of Mn+–O⋅− radicals.
Breaking the wildfire cycle: progressive fire management can shift fire regimes and improve ecosystem condition. A case study from a large conservation reserve in northern Australia
Authors: Ezzy Lea 
Published: September 2022

Extensive late dry season fires in northern Australia have long been considered detrimental to biodiversity conservation, pastoral production and other cultural and landscape values. Fire management programs in these landscapes typically aim to shift the fire regime from wildfires occurring predominately in the late dry season (LDS), when they tend to be extensive and destructive, to prescribed burns in the early dry season (EDS), when fires are generally smaller and less intensive. The intent is to create heterogeneity in vegetation age classes, reduce the scale of LDS fires and, in doing so, retain long-unburnt vegetation, a critical asset for biodiversity in a flammable landscape. Boodjamulla National Park, in Queensland’s Gulf Country, experienced a cycle of large LDS wildfires every 5 years for most of its history as a pastoral property and park until a progressive EDS burning program was introduced. Although there is limited information for defining the ideal fire regime for spinifex (Triodia spp.) rangelands, this program has improved a range of spatial metrics which the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS) believes can only benefit biodiversity; these include decreased annual and LDS area burnt; a greater number of small burnt patches; shorter distances between recently burnt and long-unburnt spinifex; and, consequently, a greater area of long-unburnt spinifex embedded in the mosaic across the landscape. There has been an improvement in the ecological parameters of these landscapes, as well as the protection and persistence of fire-sensitive vegetation communities and species, because of the burn program.
The mixed solutions and nonlinear wave transitions for the (2 + 1)-dimensional Sawada-Kotera equation
Authors: Bi Kuai , Guo Rui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we will obtain the mixed solutions of the

2
+
1

-dimensional Sawada-Kotera equation by the Hirota bilinear method and the long wave limit method. Through applying the long wave limit method to the N-soliton solutions, we will obtain the corresponding lump solutions. Besides, we will get the mixed solutions of lump, breather and soliton solutions. Under the transition condition, we will obtain different types of nonlinear waves which include quasi-anti-dark soliton, multi-peak soliton, M-shaped soliton, quasi-periodic soliton and W-shaped soliton from the breath wave and the lump solutions. In particular, we will derive the inelastic collision modes, the elastic collision modes and the collision-free modes under specific conditions. Finally, we will display the mixed solutions and the nonlinear waves through illustrations.
Perturbation based analytical and numerical solutions of non-Newtonian differential equation during reverse roll coating process under lubrication approximation theory
Authors: Ali Fateh , Hou Yanren , Zahid Muhammad , Rana M A , Kumam Poom , Kanwal Marya , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Reverse roll coating process are utilized for the purpose of applying a coating to a substrate or web by utilising different rollers in order to get the required coated surface. As a result of this, reverse roll coating process have found applications in a wide variety of industries, such as those dealing with food and medicine, electronic components, optical and LCD devices, and optical products. The main objective of this paper is to develop the mathematical formulation for the coating of thin film for an incompressible isothermal viscoelastic fluid between two reversely rotating rolls. Through the use of an appropriate dimensionless parameter, Non-dimensional nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are derived from governing partial differential equations (PDEs). LAT (lubrication approximation theory) simplifies the dimensionless equations of fluid motion. The expressions for velocity of flow, pressure gradient and flow rate is obtained analytically by using regular perturbation method, while numeric solution of some mechanical parameters such as power input, coating thickness, roll separation force and separation points are calculated. The numerical validation of the analytical solution of the fundamental model of nonlinear constitutive flow laws is done in the Maple environment using the numeric technique which is based on finite difference method. The influence of numerous non-Newtonian parameters such as velocities ratio and Weissenberg number on velocity profiles, pressure gradient, power input, roll separation force, separation points and coating thickness of a non-Newtonian Johnson–Segalman (JS) fluid are explored via graphically and in tabular form. The outcomes demonstrate that on increasing the Weisenberg number and velocities ratio, the coating thickness on web is decreases. For the numerous values of velocities ratio, it is important to note that separation points shifted towards the nip region. In addition, the non-Newtonain parameter have signifcant impact on power input and roll separating force. The maximum coating thickness that is 1.0927 has been observed at the value of separation poin 0.9620. Hence, these factors may help in an efficient coating process and improve the substrate life.
The grand canonical Multiverse and the small cosmological constant
Authors: Ben-Dayan Ido , Hadad Merav , Michaelis Amir 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider the Multiverse as an ensemble of universes. Using standard statistical physics analysis we get that the Cosmological Constant (CC) is exponentially small. The small and finite CC is achieved without any anthropic reasoning. We then quantize the CC. The quantization allows a precise summation of the possible contributions and using the measured value of the CC yields a prediction on the temperature of the Multiverse that we define. Furthermore, quantization allows the interpretation of a single Universe as a superposition of different eigenstates with different energy levels rather than the existence of an actual Multiverse.