bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individuals with hearing impairment/deafness during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A rapid review on communication challenges and strategies
Authors: Mansutti Irene , Achil Illarj , Rosa Gastaldo Chiara , Tomé Pires Catarina , Palese Alvisa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed (a) to identify the communication issues and problems faced by individuals with hearing impairment (HI)/deafness during the COVID‐19 pandemic and (b) to describe strategies to overcome the issues/problems and/or prevent their negative impact.BackgroundIndividuals with mild or severe HI face everyday communication problems, which have been worsened during the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, no studies have summarised the available evidence to better understand the communication challenges faced by them and strategies allowing better interactions. The long duration of the outbreak—more than 2 years, with policies that have just been lifted in some countries—and the possible return of restrictions in the next Winter suggest the need to summarise evidence in the field.Design and methodsA rapid review is reported here in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines. Medline, CINAHL and Scopus databases were searched, including (a) primary or secondary studies published from January 2020 to 12 January 2022, (b) involving individuals with HI/deafness, (c) during the COVID‐19 pandemic and (d) written in English. Data were extracted and summarised by using a content analysis approach.Patient or public contributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.ResultsFourteen studies were included as follows: three non‐systematic reviews, seven cross‐sectional, three quasi‐ experimental and one qualitative study, performed mainly in the US and the UK. Face mask covering use; physical and social distancing; and information, education, rehabilitation, and healthcare accessibility have emerged as the main challenges triggering consequences such as social isolation, loneliness, poor knowledge regarding the prevention and mental health issues. Strategies mitigating these challenges are as follows: (a) adopting transparent face masks, (b) using basic skills while interacting (e.g. maintaining eye contact), (c) improving the availability of sign language interpreters, (d) allowing the presence of family members and (e) teaching basics of sign language to healthcare professionals.Conclusions and relevance to clinical practiceIndividuals with HI/deafness live with several challenges, suggesting that their vulnerability has increased tremendously during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The effectiveness of strategies to overcome these difficulties should be scrutinised by conducting more research. Moreover, there should be increased awareness among all citizens by equipping them with simple strategies to communicate effectively with individuals with HI, an approach that may increase inclusiveness and prevent further negative consequences and burden.
Selective outcome reporting bias is highly prevalent in randomized clinical trials of nonsurgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Souza Nathalia Vilela , Nicolini Alessandra Cardoso , dos Reis Isabella Neme Ribeiro , Sendyk Daniel Isaac , Cavagni Juliano , Pannuti Claudio Mendes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelective outcome reporting (SOR) is a type of bias that can compromise the validity of results and affect evidence‐based practice. SOR can overestimate the effect of an intervention and lead to conclusions that a treatment is effective when it is not. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SOR in publications of RCTs on nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) and to verify associated factors. The protocols were searched and selected on the www.clinicaltrials.gov platform up to January 16, 2022. Corresponding publications were identified, and data extraction and discrepancy analysis were performed. The risk of bias was assessed according to the RoB2 tool. One hundred forty‐five studies (174 publications) were included. The prevalence of SOR was 49.7% and was unclear in nearly one third of studies (27.6%). Only 31.7% of the primary outcomes were completely described in the publications. The overall risk of bias was high in 60% of the included studies. SOR was associated with statistical significance (p < .001), and multiple publications of the same study (p = .005). Our study demonstrated the high prevalence of SOR, highlighting the need to improve the quality of reporting of RCTs on NSPT studies.
Transitioning from microsatellites to SNP‐based microhaplotypes in genetic monitoring programmes: Lessons from paired data spanning 20 years
Authors: Osborne Megan J. , Caeiro‐Dias Guilherme , Turner Thomas F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany long‐term genetic monitoring programmes began before next‐generation sequencing became widely available. Older programmes can now transition to new marker systems usually consisting of 1000s of SNP loci, but there are still important questions about comparability, precision, and accuracy of key metrics estimated using SNPs. Ideally, transitioned programmes should capitalize on new information without sacrificing continuity of inference across the time series. We combined existing microsatellite‐based genetic monitoring information with SNP‐based microhaplotypes obtained from archived samples of Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus) across a 20‐year time series to evaluate point estimates and trajectories of key genetic metrics. Demographic and genetic monitoring bracketed multiple collapses of the wild population and included cases where captive‐born repatriates comprised the majority of spawners in the wild. Even with smaller sample sizes, microhaplotypes yielded comparable and in some cases more precise estimates of variance genetic effective population size, multilocus heterozygosity and inbreeding compared to microsatellites because many more microhaplotype loci were available. Microhaplotypes also recorded shifts in allele frequencies associated with population bottlenecks. Trends in microhaplotype‐based inbreeding metrics were associated with the fraction of hatchery‐reared repatriates to the wild and should be incorporated into future genomic monitoring. Although differences in accuracy and precision of some metrics were observed between marker types, biological inferences and management recommendations were consistent.
A GT‐1 and PKc domain‐containing transcription regulator SIMPLE LEAF1 controls compound leaf development in woodland strawberry
Authors: Pi Mengting , Zhong Ruhan , Hu Shaoqiang , Cai Zhuoying , Plunkert Madison , Zhang Weiyi , Liu Zhongchi , Kang Chunying 
Published: November 2022

Summary

Leaves are strikingly diverse in terms of shapes and complexity. The wild and cultivated strawberry plants mostly develop trifoliate compound leaves, yet the underlying genetic basis remains unclear in this important fruit crop in Rosaceae.

Here, we identified two EMS mutants designated simple leaf1 (sl1‐1 and sl1‐2) and one natural simple‐leafed mutant monophylla in Fragaria vesca. Their causative mutations all reside in SL1 (FvH4_7g28640) causing premature stop codon at different positions in sl1‐1 and sl1‐2 and an eight‐nucleotide insertion (GTTCATCA) in monophylla.

SL1 encodes a transcription regulator with the conserved DNA‐binding domain GT‐1 and the catalytic domain of protein kinases PKc. Expression of SL1pro::SL1 in sl1‐1 completely restored compound leaf formation. The 35S::SL1 lines developed palmate‐like leaves with four or five leaflets at a low penetrance. However, overexpressing the truncated SL1ΔPK caused no phenotypes, probably due to the disruption of homodimerization. SL1 is preferentially expressed at the tips of leaflets and serrations. Moreover, SL1 is closely associated with the auxin pathway and works synergistically with FveLFYa in leaf morphogenesis.

Overall, our work uncovered a new type of transcription regulator that promotes compound leaf formation in the woodland strawberry and shed new lights on the diversity of leaf complexity control.
The social origins of obesity within and across generations
Authors: Hemmingsson Erik , Nowicka Paulina , Ulijaszek Stanley , Sørensen Thorkild I. A. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryWe propose a model for obesity development that traces a considerable part of its origins to the social domain (mainly different forms of prolonged social adversity), both within and across generations, working in tandem with a genetic predisposition. To facilitate overview of social pathways, we place particular focus on three areas that form a cascading sequence: (A) social adversity within the family (parents having a low education, a low social position, poverty and financial insecurity; offspring being exposed to gestational stress, unmet social and emotional needs, abuse, maltreatment and other negative life events, social deprivation and relationship discord); (B) increasing levels of insecurity, negative emotions, chronic stress, and a disruption of energy homeostasis; and (C) weight gain and obesity, eliciting further social stress and weight stigma in both generations. Social adversity, when combined with genetic predisposition, thereby substantially contributes to highly effective transmission of obesity from parents to offspring, as well as to obesity development within current generations. Prevention efforts may benefit from mitigating multiple types of social adversity in individuals, families, and communities, notably poverty and financial strain, and by improving education levels.
Artemisinin suppressed tumour growth and induced vascular normalisation in oral squamous cell carcinoma via inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor
Authors: Yu Xiang‐hua , Wu Jing‐biao , Fan Hua‐yang , Dai Li , Xian Hong‐chun , Chen Bing‐jun , Liao Peng , Huang Mei‐chang , Pang Xin , Zhang Mei , Liang Xin‐hua , Tang Ya‐ling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumour vascular normalisation therapy advocates a balance between pro‐angiogenic factors and anti‐angiogenic factors in tumours. Artemisinin (ART), which is derived from traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to inhibit tumour growth; however, the relationship between ART and tumour vascular normalisation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been previously reported.MethodsDifferent concentrations(0 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg)of ART were used to treat the xenograft nude mice model of OSCC. The effects of ART on migration and proliferation of OSCC and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cells were detected by scratch assay and CCK‐8 assay. OSCC cells with macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) silenced were constructed to explore the effect of MIF.ResultsTreatment with ART inhibited the growth and angiogenesis of OSCC xenografts in nude mice and downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL‐8, and MIF expression levels. ART reduced the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVEC, as well as the expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. When the dose of ART was 50 mg/kg, vascular normalisation of OSCC xenografts was induced. Moreover, VEGF and IL‐8 were needed in rhMIF restoring tumour growth and inhibit vascular normalisation after the addition of rhMIF to ART‐treated cells.ConclusionArtemisinin might induce vascular normalisation and inhibit tumour growth in OSCC through the MIF‐signalling pathway.
Differential Diagnosis of Mimicking Tumor Discs Using Coronal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Three‐Dimensional Fast‐Field Echo with Water‐Selective Excitation: A Single Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Yuan Jinghong , Du Zhi , Wu Zhiwen , Yin Jianhua , Cheng Bingxue , Xiong Xi , Zheng Sikuan , Liu Xijuan , Jia Jingyu , Cheng Xigao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveAs disc fragment completely loses contact with the parent disc and can migrate in all directions of the epidural space, making it appear similar to schwannoma, it is fairly difficult to make a definitive diagnosis for mimicking tumor discs. The aim of this research is to differentially diagnose mimicking tumor discs and schwannomas using coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of three‐dimensional fast‐field echo with water‐selective excitation (CMRI).MethodsAmong 76 patients (38 men and 38 women; mean age, 52.88 ± 15.80 [range, 18–78 years]) who were retrospectively examined in this study, 38 were primarily diagnosed with schwannomas and pathologically diagnosed with mimicking tumor discs after surgery, and 38 were primarily diagnosed with neurogenic tumors and pathologically diagnosed with schwannomas after surgery. Open surgery was performed in all the patients between March 2016 and April 2020. The preliminary diagnosis of all patients was considered an intraspinal tumor based on conventional two‐dimensional MRI sequences. After open surgery, the final diagnosis was confirmed to mimic a tumor disc or schwannoma based on postoperative pathology reports. The sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of CMRI and conventional MRI for identifying mimicking tumor discs and schwannomas were compared. Chi‐square and McNemar tests were used for statistical analyses.ResultsSymptoms were considerably relieved in all the patients after surgery. Seven patients had grade 1 extensor digitorum longus, triceps surae, or quadriceps femoris muscle strength prior to surgery. No nerve root injury was observed in any of the patients. CMRI showed significantly higher sensitivity (94.74%) and specificity (94.74%) than conventional MRI (71.05% and 92.11%, respectively; p = 0.012 < 0.05, and p = 1 > 0.05, respectively) for differential identification between mimicking tumor discs and schwannomas. Moreover, CMRI showed a higher reliability (kappa value = 0.787) than conventional MRI (kappa value = 0.374).ConclusionsCMRI is a better non‐invasive technology for the identification of intraspinal lesions, especially for differentiating between mimicking tumor discs and schwannomas.
A Modified Arthroscopic Outside‐in Shoulder Release Approach for Severe Shoulder Stiffness
Authors: Zhang Xu‐chao , Liu Kang , Ying Hua , Yao Gai , Fu Xia‐wei , Zhou Bo‐le , Zhou Zhi‐you , Wang Zi‐min 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveArthroscopic release is effective for patients with shoulder stiffness, but the traditional inside‐out procedure cannot effectively alleviate the mobility of some severe stiff shoulder and even cause itrogenic injuries sometimes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and advantages of a modified outside‐in shoulder release approach for severe shoulder stiffness.MethodsIncluded in this retrospective study were 15 patients (five male and 10 female) with severe shoulder stiffness who underwent modified outside‐in shoulder release surgery at our hospital between June 2019 and March 2021. Of them, 10 patients had a primary frozen shoulder and five had secondary shoulder stiffness, involving the right shoulder in six cases and the left shoulder in nine cases. The mean age of the 15 patients was 56.7 (34–69) years. The patients were instructed to exercise passively from second‐day post‐operation and enhance the rehabilitation exercise gradually. All patients received a range of motion (ROM) examination before and after surgery. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon's Score (ASES), Constant Score (CS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for pain were recorded. All data were tested by normal distribution first and then by paired T test, otherwise by Wilcoxon rank sum test.ResultsThe mean follow‐up period was 18.2 (12–33) months. Compared with the preoperative value, the mean ASES score at the final follow‐up improved from 38.4 ± 7.37 to 88.13 ± 6.33 points; the mean CS score from 43.27 ± 6.71 to 78.74 ± 6.93 points; the mean VAS score from 5.07 ± 1.03 to 0.81 ± 0.83 points; forward flexion from 81.93° ± 11.45° to 156.73° ± 9.12°; abduction from 65.93° ± 16.82° to 144.80° ± 8.83°; neutral external rotation from 13.53° ± 10.38° to 51.20° ± 4.77°; internal rotation from the buttock to waist (L3), all showing a significant difference (P < 0.0001). No serious complication was observed in any patient during the postoperative follow‐up periods.ConclusionThe present study has demonstrated that the modified arthroscopic outside‐in shoulder release approach can improve ROM of patients and alleviate pain effectively, proving it to be an appropriate surgical option for the treatment of severe shoulder stiffness.
Robust emergency management: The role of institutional trust in organized volunteers
Authors: Krogh Andreas Hagedorn , Lo Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn these turbulent times of increased frequency and magnitude of emergencies caused by climate change, pandemics, and other public safety hazards, there has been a growing interest in the question of how to enhance the robustness of emergency management systems. Recent research points to integrated networks of public and non‐profit actors as a superior strategy for developing robust governance responses to turbulent problems. This article suggests that institutionally conditioned trust between professionals and volunteers is key to robust emergency management. Based on institutional trust theory and the findings of an empirical case study of local emergency management in Denmark and Norway, it shows how six institutional sources of trust condition the scalable use of organized emergency management volunteers. The study contributes with a theoretical argument and empirical insights on how institutional trust strengthens the robust governance and management of emergencies.
ABA biosynthesis gene OsNCED3 contributes to preharvest sprouting resistance and grain development in rice
Authors: Chen Yi , Xiang Zhipan , Liu Min , Wang Siyao , Zhang Lin , Cai Dan , Huang Yuan , Mao Dandan , Fu Jun , Chen Liangbi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPreharvest sprouting (PHS) is an unfavorable trait in cereal crops and causes serious yield loss. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PHS remains largely elusive. Here, we identified a member of 9‐cis‐epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase family, OsNCED3, which regulates PHS and grain development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsNCED3 encodes a chloroplast‐localized abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic enzyme highly expressed in the embryo of developing seeds. Disruption of OsNCED3 by CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated mutagenesis led to a lower ABA and higher gibberellic acid (GA) levels (thus a skewed ABA/GA ratio) in the embryo, promoting embryos growth and breaking seed dormancy before seed maturity and harvest, thus decreased seed dormancy and enhanced PHS in rice. However, the overexpression of OsNCED3 enhanced PHS resistance by regulating proper ABA/GA ratio in the embryo. Intriguingly, the overexpression of OsNCED3 resulted in increased grain size and weight, whereas the disruption of OsNCED3 function decreased grain size and weight. Nucleotide diversity analyses suggested that OsNCED3 may be selected during japonica populations adaptation of seed dormancy and germination. Taken together, we have identified a new OsNCED regulator involved rice PHS and grain development, and provide a potential target gene for improving PHS resistance and grain development in rice.
Affection deprivation is more aversive than excessive affection: A test of affection exchange theory
Authors: Hesse Colin , Floyd Kory , Mikkelson Alan C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAffection exchange theory predicts that both excessive affection and affection deprivation are associated with poorer health, compared with receiving the level of affectionate communication that one desires. A similar yet‐untested prediction is that affection deprivation is more aversive than excessive affection. This preregistered study tested both hypotheses on a battery of mental and physical health outcomes, including depression, loneliness, stress, physical pain, frequency of nightmares, and sleep quality, using a Census‐matched sample of U.S. American adults (N = 827). As hypothesized, receiving the right amount of affection was associated with more health‐supportive scores on all outcomes than either excessive or deficient affection. Similarly, excessive affection was associated with lower depression, loneliness, stress, and pain, and higher sleep quality, than affection deprivation.
A systematic review of social determinants of health in pediatric organ transplant outcomes
Authors: Rea Kelly E. , West Kara B. , Dorste Anna , Christofferson Elizabeth S. , Lefkowitz Debra , Mudd Emily , Schneider Lauren , Smith Courtney , Triplett Kelli N. , McKenna Kristine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEquitable access to pediatric organ transplantation is critical, although risk factors negatively impacting pre‐ and post‐transplant outcomes remain. No synthesis of the literature on SDoH within the pediatric organ transplant population has been conducted; thus, the current systematic review summarizes findings to date assessing SDoH in the evaluation, listing, and post‐transplant periods.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted in Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases.ResultsNinety‐three studies were included based on pre‐established criteria and were reviewed for main findings and study quality. Findings consistently demonstrated disparities in key transplant outcomes based on racial or ethnic identity, including timing and likelihood of transplant, and rates of rejection, graft failure, and mortality. Although less frequently assessed, variations in outcomes based on geography were also noted, while findings related to insurance or SES were inconsistent.ConclusionThis review underscores the persistence of SDoH and disparity in equitable transplant outcomes and discusses the importance of individual and systems‐level change to reduce such disparities.
Responsibility in epistemic collaborations: Is it me, is it the group or are we all to blame?
Authors: Palermos S. Orestis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccording to distributed virtue reliabilism (Palermos, 2020b), epistemic collaborations—such as Transactive Memory Systems and Scientific Research Teams—can be held epistemically responsible at the collective level. This raises the question of whether participants of epistemic collaborations are exempt from being held individually responsible. In response, this paper explores two possible ways in which attributions of individual responsibility may still be appropriate within epistemic collaborations: (I) Individuals can be held epistemically responsible for their individual shortcomings, but no amount of individual epistemic responsibility can replace collective epistemic responsibility. (II) Even if it is denied that participants of epistemic collaborations can be held epistemically responsible at the individual level, they may be held structurally, perhaps morally, and even legally responsible at the individual level for breaking joint commitments necessary for the effective coordination of the epistemic collaboration.
Habituation Reflects Optimal Exploration Over Noisy Perceptual Samples
Authors: Cao Anjie , Raz Gal , Saxe Rebecca , Frank Michael C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFrom birth, humans constantly make decisions about what to look at and for how long. Yet, the mechanism behind such decision‐making remains poorly understood. Here, we present the rational action, noisy choice for habituation (RANCH) model. RANCH is a rational learning model that takes noisy perceptual samples from stimuli and makes sampling decisions based on expected information gain (EIG). The model captures key patterns of looking time documented in developmental research: habituation and dishabituation. We evaluated the model with adult looking time collected from a paradigm analogous to the infant habituation paradigm. We compared RANCH with baseline models (no learning model, no perceptual noise model) and models with alternative linking hypotheses (Surprisal, KL divergence). We showed that (1) learning and perceptual noise are critical assumptions of the model, and (2) Surprisal and KL are good proxies for EIG under the current learning context.