bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience and Appreciation of Health Care Teams Regarding a New Model of Pharmaceutical Care in Long-Term Care Settings
Authors: Turcotte Véronique , Kröger Edeltraut , Rouleau Rachel , Durand Étienne , Poirier Karine , Guénette Line 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn long-term care (LTC) homes, the management of frail older residents’ pharmacotherapy may be challenging for health care teams. A new pharmaceutical care model highlighting the recently expanded scope of pharmacists’ practice in Quebec, Canada, was implemented in two LTC homes. This study aimed to evaluate health care providers’ experience and satisfaction with this new practice model. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews were performed and analyzed thematically. Positive results of the model have been identified, such as increased timeliness of interventions. Barriers were encountered, such as lack of clarity regarding roles, and suboptimal communication. The increased involvement of pharmacists was perceived as useful in the context of scarce medical resources. Although requiring time and adjustments from health care teams, the new model seems to contribute to the health care providers’ work satisfaction and to positively influence the timeliness and quality of care offered to LTC residents.
Testing the empirical integration of threat-deprivation and harshness-unpredictability dimensional models of adversity
Authors: Usacheva Maria , Choe Daniel , Liu Siwei , Timmer Susan , Belsky Jay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent dimensional models of adversity informed by a neurobiological deficit framework highlights threat and deprivation as core dimensions, whereas models informed by an evolutionary, adaptational and functional framework calls attention to harshness and unpredictability. This report seeks to evaluate an integrative model of threat, deprivation, and unpredictability, drawing on the Fragile Families Study. Confirmatory factor analysis of presumed multiple indicators of each construct reveals an adequate three-factor structure of adversity. Theory-based targeted predictions of the developmental sequelae of each dimension also received empirical support, with deprivation linked to health problems and cognitive ability; threat linked to aggression; and unpredictability to substance use and sexual risk-taking. These findings lend credibility to utility of the three-dimensional integrative framework of adversity. It could thus inform development of dimensional measures of risk assessment and exploration of multidimensional adversity profiles, sensitive to individual differences in lived experiences, supporting patient-centered, strength-based approaches to services.
Women's Substantive Representation in the Islamic Republic of Iran: The Potential of Women Critical Actors
Authors: Tajali Mona 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes women's substantive representation in Iran to highlight the opportunities and obstacles facing women critical actors when a critical mass of women in politics is absent. Through a case study of progressive women policy makers of the Hassan Rouhani era, this research demonstrates that despite an undemocratic political context dominated by conservative gender mandates, the presence of three interrelated factors contribute to the rise of women critical actors in Iranian formal politics: electoral support and grassroots mobilization around women's rights, willingness of elites to adopt measures toward greater inclusion of women in politics, and occasional openings in Iran's fragmented political context that facilitate the nomination and election of women who are likely to advocate for women's rights. However, the absence of these conditions, as observed during the 2020 parliamentary elections, leads to the marginalization of such critical actors, resulting in limited attention to women's rights in key institutions.
DNA methylation mediates a randomized controlled trial home-visiting intervention during pregnancy and the Bayley infant’s cognitive scores at 12 months of age
Authors: Euclydes Verônica L. V. , Gastaldi Vinicius D. , Feltrin Arthur S. , Hoffman Daniel J. , Gouveia Gisele , Cogo Hugo , Felipe-Silva Aloísio , Vieira Rossana P. , Miguel Eurípedes C. , Polanczyk Guilherme V. , Chiesa Anna , Fracolli Lislaine , Matijasevich Alicia , Ferraro Alexandre , Argeu Adriana , Maschietto Mariana , Brentani Helena P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe crosstalk between maternal stress exposure and fetal development may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (DNAm). To address this matter, we collect 32 cord blood samples from low-income Brazilian pregnant adolescents participants of a pilot randomized clinical intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02807818). We hypothesized that the association between the intervention and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of age would be mediated by DNAm. First, we searched genome methylation differences between cases and controls using different approaches, as well as differences in age acceleration (AA), represented by the difference of methylation age and birth age. According to an adjustedp-value ≤ 0.05 we identified 3090 differentially methylated positions- CpG sites (DMPs), 21 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and one comethylated module weakly preserved between groups. The intervention group presented a smaller AA compared to the control group (p= 0.025). A logistic regression controlled by sex and with gestational age indicated a coefficient of −0.35 towards intervention group (p= 0.016) considering AA. A higher cognitive domain score from Bayley III scale was observed in the intervention group at 12 months of age. Then, we performed a potential causal mediation analysis selecting only DMPs highly associated with the cognitive domain (adj.R2> 0.4), DMRs and CpGs of hub genes from the weakly preserved comethylated module and epigenetic clock as raw values. DMPs inSTXBP6, andPF4DMR, mediated the association between the maternal intervention and the cognitive domain at 12 months of age. In conclusion, DNAm in different sites and regions mediated the association between intervention and cognitive outcome.
Multitechnique Geochronology of Intrusive and Explosive Activity on Piton des Neiges Volcano, Réunion Island
Authors: Famin Vincent , Paquez Camille , Danišík Martin , Gardiner Nicholas J. , Michon Laurent , Kirkland Christopher L. , Berthod Carole , Friedrichs Bjarne , Schmitt Axel K. , Monié Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe construction of ocean island basaltic volcanoes consists of a succession of eruptions, intrusions, and metamorphism. These events are often temporally ill‐constrained because the most widely used radiometric dating methods applicable to mafic volcanic rocks (K‐Ar or40Ar/39Ar on whole rock or groundmass) are prone to inaccuracy when applied to slowly cooled, altered, or vesicular and aphyric products. Here, we adopt a multitechnique geochronology approach (including zircon U‐Pb, phlogopite40Ar/39Ar, zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He, and zircon double‐dating) to demonstrate its efficacy when applied to basaltic volcanoes. Taking the main volcano of Réunion Island (Piton des Neiges) as a case study, we establish the time of the major plutonic, metamorphic, and explosive events that had resisted previous dating attempts. We document four stages of pluton emplacement and metamorphism at 2,200–2,000 ka, 1,414 ± 8 ka, 665 ± 78 ka, and 150–110 ka, all coinciding with volcanism revival after quiescent intervals. We also date a major Plinian eruption at 188.2 ± 10.4 ka, coeval with the formation age of a large caldera, and, finally, we constrain the last eruption of Piton des Neiges to 27 ka, revising a previous estimate of 12 ka. By resolving several conundrums of Réunion's geological history, our multitechnique geochronology approach reveals that endogenous growth of a volcanic island proceeds as pulses at the beginning of renewed volcanism. We also demonstrate that crosschecking eruptions ages by diversified dating techniques is important to better assess the timing and recurrence of basaltic volcanic activity, with implications for hazard prediction.
Oceanic and Atmospheric Drivers of Post‐El‐Niño Chlorophyll Rebound in the Equatorial Pacific
Authors: Lim Hyung‐Gyu , Dunne John P. , Stock Charles A. , Ginoux Paul , John Jasmin G. , Krasting John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) strongly influences phytoplankton in the tropical Pacific, with El Niño conditions suppressing productivity in the equatorial Pacific (EP) and placing nutritional stresses on marine ecosystems. The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's (GFDL) Earth System Model version 4.1 (ESM4.1) captures observed ENSO‐chlorophyll patterns (r = 0.57) much better than GFDL's previous ESM2M (r = 0.23). Most notably, the observed post‐El Niño “chlorophyll rebound” is substantially improved in ESM4.1 (r = 0.52). We find that an anomalous increase in iron propagation from western Pacific (WP) subsurface to the cold tongue via the equatorial undercurrent (EUC) and subsequent post‐El Niño surfacing, unresolved in ESM2M, is the primary driver of chlorophyll rebound. We also find that this chlorophyll rebound is augmented by high post‐El Niño dust‐iron deposition anomalies in the eastern EP. This post‐El Niño chlorophyll rebound provides a previously unrecognized source of marine ecosystem resilience independent from the La Niña that sometimes follows.
Anisotropic Tomography and Dynamics of the Big Mantle Wedge
Authors: Liang Xuran , Zhao Dapeng , Xu Yi‐Gang , Hua Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe determine high‐resolution 3‐D tomographic images of P‐wave isotropic velocity, radial anisotropy and azimuthal anisotropy beneath NE Asia down to 800 km depth. Our results show negative radial anisotropy (i.e., Vhorizontal < Vvertical) in the asthenosphere of the big mantle wedge (BMW), which may reflect mineral alignment caused by vertical flow in the asthenosphere. Across the Tanlu fault zone (TLF), the western and eastern parts of the BMW exhibit high and low P‐wave velocities, respectively. Combining our tomographic results with surface geological features, we speculate that convection in the BMW includes upwelling asthenosphere beneath the Japan Sea and the Korean Peninsula and downwelling asthenosphere beneath the Songliao and North China basins. The downwelling asthenosphere beneath the two basins is associated with diminishing volcanism and anomalous tectonic subsidence since ∼110 Ma. The great TLF is an important boundary for the BMW structure and dynamics.
Fast Magnetosonic Waves in a Dipolarizing Flux Bundle Inside the Geosynchronous Orbit
Authors: Yu Xiongdong , Yuan Zhigang , Huang Shiyong , Xue Zuxiang , Huang Zheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough commonly observed in the inner magnetosphere, fast magnetosonic (MS) waves are often owe to be excited by those proton rings resulting from the so‐called energy‐dependent drift path of ring current protons. In this letter, we report an interesting MS wave event in a dipolarizing flux bundle (DFB) observed by the Van Allen Probe A. In the DFB, perpendicular proton fluxes are found depleted at low and intermediate energies, while enhanced at high energies, which should be attributed to proton accelerations by DFB. As a result, proton ring could be locally formed. Using the observed plasma environment parameters and the modeled proton distributions, we have calculated the linear growth rates for MS waves and found that these MS waves might be locally excited. Our results provide insight into the generation of MS waves in a DFB, and provide a new channel to excite MS waves in the inner magnetosphere.
The association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with future weight gain in adults
Authors: Santa-Paavola Riina , Lehtinen-Jacks Susanna , Jääskeläinen Tuija , Männistö Satu , Lundqvist Annamari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, and it has been suggested that increased inflammation markers could predict future weight gain. Our aim was to investigate the associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration with changes in weight and waist circumference in adults during 11 years of follow-up.

Methods
We used data from the Health 2000 and Health 2011 surveys consisting of a population-based sample of Finnish adults. We included those 3143 participants, aged 30–75 years at baseline, whose baseline hs-CRP was measured, and who had information on measured weight and height at both time points. Associations between baseline hs-CRP and changes in weight and waist circumference were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, marital status, and educational status), lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, leisure-time physical activity, sitting time, sleeping time, and psychological distress), and baseline values of BMI and waist circumference.

Results
Hs-CRP was not associated with weight gain (≥5%) when adjusted for potential confounders (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.96–1.01), compared to stable weight (change <±5%). Higher baseline hs-CRP was associated with decrease in weight (≤−5%) in the unadjusted (OR 1.03, 1.01–1.05), but not in the adjusted (OR 1.01, 0.99–1.03) model. No association was observed between hs-CRP and waist circumference.

Conclusions
Hs-CRP was not associated with future changes in weight or waist circumference in adults. These findings suggest that hs-CRP concentration does not predict future weight gain.
Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution
Authors: Whalen Christopher D. , Landman Neil H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe describe an exceptionally well-preserved vampyropod, Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov., from the Carboniferous (Mississippian) Bear Gulch Lagerstätte of Montana, USA. The specimen possesses a gladius and ten robust arms bearing biserial rows of suckers; it is the only known vampyropod to retain the ancestral ten-arm condition. Syllipsimopodi is the oldest definitive vampyropod and crown coleoid, pushing back the fossil record of this group by ~81.9 million years, corroborating molecular clock estimates. Using a Bayesian tip-dated phylogeny of fossil neocoleoid cephalopods, we demonstrate that Syllipsimopodi is the earliest-diverging known vampyropod. This strongly challenges the common hypothesis that vampyropods descended from a Triassic phragmoteuthid belemnoid. As early as the Mississippian, vampyropods were evidently characterized by the loss of the chambered phragmocone and primordial rostrum—traits retained in belemnoids and many extant decabrachians. A pair of arms may have been elongated, which when combined with the long gladius and terminal fins, indicates that the morphology of the earliest vampyropods superficially resembled extant squids.
Shared computational principles for language processing in humans and deep language models
Authors: Goldstein Ariel , Zada Zaid , Buchnik Eliav , Schain Mariano , Price Amy , Aubrey Bobbi , Nastase Samuel A. , Feder Amir , Emanuel Dotan , Cohen Alon , Jansen Aren , Gazula Harshvardhan , Choe Gina , Rao Aditi , Kim Catherine , Casto Colton , Fanda Lora , Doyle Werner , Friedman Daniel , Dugan Patricia , Melloni Lucia , Reichart Roi , Devore Sasha , Flinker Adeen , Hasenfratz Liat , Levy Omer , Hassidim Avinatan , Brenner Michael , Matias Yossi , Norman Kenneth A. , Devinsky Orrin , Hasson Uri 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeparting from traditional linguistic models, advances in deep learning have resulted in a new type of predictive (autoregressive) deep language models (DLMs). Using a self-supervised next-word prediction task, these models generate appropriate linguistic responses in a given context. In the current study, nine participants listened to a 30-min podcast while their brain responses were recorded using electrocorticography (ECoG). We provide empirical evidence that the human brain and autoregressive DLMs share three fundamental computational principles as they process the same natural narrative: (1) both are engaged in continuous next-word prediction before word onset; (2) both match their pre-onset predictions to the incoming word to calculate post-onset surprise; (3) both rely on contextual embeddings to represent words in natural contexts. Together, our findings suggest that autoregressive DLMs provide a new and biologically feasible computational framework for studying the neural basis of language.
New insights on commemoration of the dead through mortuary and architectural use of pigments at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey
Authors: Schotsmans E. M. J. , Busacca G. , Lin S. C. , Vasić M. , Lingle A. M. , Veropoulidou R. , Mazzucato C. , Tibbetts B. , Haddow S. D. , Somel M. , Toksoy-Köksal F. , Knüsel C. J. , Milella M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe cultural use of pigments in human societies is associated with ritual activities and the creation of social memory. Neolithic Çatalhöyük (Turkey, 7100–5950 cal BC) provides a unique case study for the exploration of links between pigments in burials, demographic data and colourants in contemporary architectural contexts. This study presents the first combined analysis of funerary and architectural evidence of pigment use in Neolithic Anatolia and discusses the possible social processes underlying the observed statistical patterns. Results reveal that pigments were either applied directly to the deceased or included in the grave as a burial association. The most commonly used pigment was red ochre. Cinnabar was mainly applied to males and blue/green pigment was associated with females. A correlation was found between the number of buried individuals and the number of painted layers in the buildings. Mortuary practices seem to have followed specific selection processes independent of sex and age-at-death of the deceased. This study offers new insights about the social factors involved in pigment use in this community, and contributes to the interpretation of funerary practices in Neolithic Anatolia. Specifically, it suggests that visual expression, ritual performance and symbolic associations were elements of shared long-term socio-cultural practices.
Multipoint monitoring of amplitude, frequency, and phase of vibrations using concatenated modal interferometers
Authors: Chatterjee Kalipada , Arumuru Venugopal , Patil Dhananjay , Jha Rajan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConcatenated modal interferometers-based multipoint monitoring system for detection of amplitude, frequency, and phase of mechanical vibrations is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor probes are fabricated using identical photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sections and integrated along a single fiber channel to act as a compact and efficient sensing system. Each identical probe acts as a modal interferometer to generate a stable interference spectrum over the source spectrum. In the presence of an external dynamic field about each probe, the probes respond independently, producing a resultant signal superposition of each interferometer response signal. By analyzing the resultant signals using computational techniques, the vibration parameters applied to each interferometer are realized. The sensing system has an operation range of 1 Hz-1 kHz with a sensitivity of 51.5 pm/V. Such a sensing system would find wide applications at industrial, infrastructural, and medical fronts for monitoring various dynamic physical phenomena.
Photonic reinforcement learning based on optoelectronic reservoir computing
Authors: Kanno Kazutaka , Uchida Atsushi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReinforcement learning has been intensively investigated and developed in artificial intelligence in the absence of training data, such as autonomous driving vehicles, robot control, internet advertising, and elastic optical networks. However, the computational cost of reinforcement learning with deep neural networks is extremely high and reducing the learning cost is a challenging issue. We propose a photonic on-line implementation of reinforcement learning using optoelectronic delay-based reservoir computing, both experimentally and numerically. In the proposed scheme, we accelerate reinforcement learning at a rate of several megahertz because there is no required learning process for the internal connection weights in reservoir computing. We perform two benchmark tasks, CartPole-v0 and MountanCar-v0 tasks, to evaluate the proposed scheme. Our results represent the first hardware implementation of reinforcement learning based on photonic reservoir computing and pave the way for fast and efficient reinforcement learning as a novel photonic accelerator.
Impact of silk hydrogel secondary structure on hydrogel formation, silk leaching and in vitro response
Authors: Egan Gemma , Phuagkhaopong Suttinee , Matthew Saphia A. L. , Connolly Patricia , Seib F. Philipp 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSilk can be processed into a broad spectrum of material formats and is explored for a wide range of medical applications, including hydrogels for wound care. The current paradigm is that solution-stable silk fibroin in the hydrogels is responsible for their therapeutic response in wound healing. Here, we generated physically cross-linked silk fibroin hydrogels with tuned secondary structure and examined their ability to influence their biological response by leaching silk fibroin. Significantly more silk fibroin leached from hydrogels with an amorphous silk fibroin structure than with a beta sheet-rich silk fibroin structure, although all hydrogels leached silk fibroin. The leached silk was biologically active, as it induced vitro chemokinesis and faster scratch assay wound healing by activating receptor tyrosine kinases. Overall, these effects are desirable for wound management and show the promise of silk fibroin and hydrogel leaching in the wider healthcare setting.
Precision MRI phenotyping enables detection of small changes in body composition for longitudinal cohorts
Authors: Whitcher Brandon , Thanaj Marjola , Cule Madeleine , Liu Yi , Basty Nicolas , Sorokin Elena P. , Bell Jimmy D. , Thomas E. Louise 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLongitudinal studies provide unique insights into the impact of environmental factors and lifespan issues on health and disease. Here we investigate changes in body composition in 3088 free-living participants, part of the UK Biobank in-depth imaging study. All participants underwent neck-to-knee MRI scans at the first imaging visit and after approximately two years (second imaging visit). Image-derived phenotypes for each participant were extracted using a fully-automated image processing pipeline, including volumes of several tissues and organs: liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, total skeletal muscle, iliopsoas muscle, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, as well as fat and iron content in liver, pancreas and spleen. Overall, no significant changes were observed in BMI, body weight, or waist circumference over the scanning interval, despite some large individual changes. A significant decrease in grip strength was observed, coupled to small, but statistically significant, decrease in all skeletal muscle measurements. Significant increases in VAT and intermuscular fat in the thighs were also detected in the absence of changes in BMI, waist circumference and ectopic-fat deposition. Adjusting for disease status at the first imaging visit did not have an additional impact on the changes observed. In summary, we show that even after a relatively short period of time significant changes in body composition can take place, probably reflecting the obesogenic environment currently inhabited by most of the general population in the United Kingdom.