bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classic Thrombophilias and Thrombotic Risk Among Middle‐Aged and Older Adults: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Manderstedt Eric , Lind‐Halldén Christina , Halldén Christer , Elf Johan , Svensson Peter J. , Dahlbäck Björn , Engström Gunnar , Melander Olle , Baras Aris , Lotta Luca A. , Zöller Bengt , Abecasis Goncalo , Baras Aris , Cantor Michael , Coppola Giovanni , Economides Aris , Lotta Luca A , Overton John D , Reid Jeffrey G , Shuldiner Alan , Beechert Christina , Forsythe Caitlin , Fuller Erin D , Gu Zhenhua , Lattari Michael , Lopez Alexander , Overton John D , Schleicher Thomas D , Padilla Maria Sotiropoulos , Widom Louis , Wolf Sarah E , Pradhan Manasi , Manoochehri Kia , Ulloa Ricardo H , Bai Xiaodong , Balasubramanian Suganthi , Blumenfeld Andrew , Boutkov Boris , Eom Gisu , Habegger Lukas , Hawes Alicia , Khalid Shareef , Krasheninina Olga , Lanche Rouel , Mansfield Adam J , Maxwell Evan K , Nafde Mrunali , O’Keeffe Sean , Orelus Max , Panea Razvan , Polanco Tommy , Rasool Ayesha , Reid Jeffrey G , Salerno William , Staples Jeffrey C , Jones Marcus B , Mighty Jason , Mitnaul Lyndon J 
Published: February 2022

Background
Five classic thrombophilias have been recognized: factor V Leiden (rs6025), the prothrombin G20210A variant (rs1799963), and protein C, protein S, and antithrombin deficiencies. This study aimed to determine the thrombotic risk of classic thrombophilias in a cohort of middle‐aged and older adults.

Methods and Results

Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and protein‐coding variants in the
PROC
(protein C),
PROS1
(protein S), and
SERPINC1
(antithrombin) anticoagulant genes were determined in 29 387 subjects (born 1923–1950, 60% women) who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (1991–1996). The Human Gene Mutation Database was used to define 68 disease‐causing mutations. Patients were followed up from baseline until the first event of venous thromboembolism (VTE), death, or Dec 31, 2018. Carriership (n=908, 3.1%) for disease‐causing mutations in the
PROC
,
PROS1
, and
SERPINC1
genes was associated with incident VTE: Hazard ratio (HR) was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3–1.9). Variants not in Human Gene Mutation Database were not linked to VTE (HR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8–1.5). Heterozygosity for rs6025 and rs1799963 was associated with incident VTE: HR, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6–2.0) and HR, 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3–2.0), respectively. The HR for carrying 1 classical thrombophilia variant was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.6–1.9). HR was 3.9 (95% CI, 3.1–5.0) for carriers of ≥2 thrombophilia variants.

Conclusions

The 5 classic thrombophilias are associated with a dose‐graded risk of VTE in middle‐aged and older adults. Disease‐causing variants in the
PROC
,
PROS1
, and
SERPINC1
genes were more common than the rs1799963 variant but the conferred genetic risk was comparable with the rs6025 and rs1799963 variants.
Implication of Different ECG Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Yang Yujin , Ahn Jung‐Min , Kang Do‐Yoon , Ko Euihong , Kim Seonok , Kim Tae Oh , Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Junghoon , Lee Seung‐Ah , Kim Dae‐Hee , Kim Ho Jin , Kim Joon Bum , Choo Suk Jung , Park Seung‐Jung , Park Duk‐Woo 
Published: February 2022

Background
Various ECG criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have been proposed, but their association with clinical outcomes in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement is unknown. We investigated the prevalence of ECG LVH according to different criteria and its prognostic impact on clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Methods and Results

In this prospective observational cohort, we evaluated 700 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement between March 2010 and December 2019. Baseline preprocedural LVH was defined by 3 ECG criteria—Sokolow‐Lyon, Romhilt‐Estes, and Cornell voltage criteria. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular event (MACCE; composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or rehospitalization from cardiovascular cause); the key secondary outcome was all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. Among 596 eligible patients, the prevalence of LVH was determined as 56.3% by Sokolow‐Lyon, 31.1% by Romhilt‐Estes, and 48.1% by Cornell criteria. Regardless of the criteria, patients with ECG LVH had more severe aortic stenosis hemodynamics and higher left ventricular mass index. After multivariate adjustment, the presence of LVH by the Cornell criteria was significantly associated with lower risks of MACCE (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51–0.91;
P
=0.009), all‐cause mortality (adjusted HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34–0.90 [
P
=0.017]), and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20–0.79 [
P
=0.008]). However, this association was absent with the Sokolow‐Lyon and Romhilt‐Estes criteria.

Conclusions
ECG LVH by Cornell criteria only was significantly associated with lower risks of MACCE and all‐cause or cardiovascular mortality.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03298178.
Abstract TP167: Unanticipated Platelet Function Fluctuations Occur During The First 8 Hours After Neurointerventional Procedures In Patients Receiving Dual Anti-platelet Therapy
Authors: Allen Travis S , Austin Matthew , Santillan Alejandro , LOY DAVID 
Published: February 2022

Antiplatelet agents are administered before and after neuroendovascular surgery to minimize implant-associated thromboembolic events. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) uses aspirin plus P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel. Effects are quantified in P2Y12 reactivity units (PRU) and aspirin reactivity units (ARU) by the point-of-care assay, Accumetrics VerifyNow. We hypothesized that intraoperative events such as anesthesia may affect platelet inhibition, increasing the risk of unanticipated ischemic events in the early postoperative period.
This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. 50 patients who underwent Verify Now testing preoperatively and within 12 hours postoperatively after placement of cervical or intracranial stents at a single institution (January 1, 2018 - May 25, 2021) were included. PRU values > 194 and ARU values > 550 were considered subtherapeutic. Anesthetic agents, heparin dosage, clopidogrel responsiveness, platelet count, liver function, procedure type and length, NIH stroke scale scores, and demographics were compared to perioperative platelet inhibition values.
Our results indicate that P2Y12 inhibition is likely affected by intraoperative events. Approximately 25% of patients exhibited marginal (170-193) or subtherapeutic (> 194) PRU values during the first 8 hours following neuroendovascular procedures. The greatest variation occurred in the ticagrelor group (PRU median change 84) and was more likely to occur with reduced doses of both ticagrelor and clopidogrel. A single prasugrel patient (clopidogrel non-responder) exhibited the greatest absolute change (PRU 156 -> 316). ARU variations were less pronounced suggesting that perioperative aspirin platelet inhibition is more resilient.
In conclusion, patients undergoing elective neuroendovascular procedures may be at risk for thromboembolic ischemic complications during the first 8 hours postoperatively due to shifts in P2Y12 mediated platelet inhibition. ARU values were less effected, supporting the use of DAPT as an ongoing clinical standard of care.
Abstract TP41: Clinical Challenges Of The Complex Icu Stroke Patient
Authors: Amatangelo Mary P 
Published: February 2022

Ten percent to twenty percent of Stroke patients will require an ICU admission. This population of stroke patients are managed aggressively in the acute phase and often present with many complex clinical challenges for the Emergency Department (ED) and Intensive Care Unit ICU) Nurse.
The clinical challenges of the complex stroke patient include complications such as; blood pressure, glucose and airway management, hemorrhagic transformation, extension of the stroke infarct, malignant hemispheric strokes complicated by cerebral edema, and the need for hyperosmolar therapy, and potential progression to hemicraniectomy. Common ICU challenges also apply to this patient population; hospital acquired infections, aspiration pneumonia, and skin breakdown.
This presentation will provide an overview of the ICU clinical challenges caring for the acute stroke patient. The importance of expert nursing care is essential to the management of this patient population. Pharmacologic interventions that are common in caring for the ICU stroke patient will be discussed. This lecture is aimed at the experienced stroke nurse as well as the ED and ICU Nurse and the Nurse new to stroke and critical care.
Abstract TP56: Low Cost, Portable Electroencephalograph May Improve The Accuracy Of Prehospital Stroke Diagnosis And Detection Of Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Wilkinson Cassandra M , Burrell Jennifer I , Thangeswaran Jeyaram , Ishaque Noman , Fairall Paige , Kate Mahesh P , Mathewson Kyle E , Buck Brian H 
Published: February 2022

Accurate and timely prehospital stroke diagnosis and detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) are essential to ensure stroke patients are transported to hospitals that offer emergent reperfusion therapies. However, symptom based prehospital stroke scales often fail to identify LVO. Thus, a need exists for cost-effective and portable diagnostic tools, such as portable electroencephalography (EEG) to improve the accuracy of prehospital stroke diagnosis.
Hypotheses: 1) Quantitative EEG measures will differ between LVO and non-LVO stroke patients, particularly in regards to brain slowing (ratio of low to high frequency oscillatory brain power) and brain asymmetry (ratio between oscillations in the affected and unaffected hemisphere) 2) Combining EEG with prehospital stroke scales will improve the accuracy of LVO detection.
We enrolled patients with acute suspected stroke on presentation to an emergency department at a comprehensive stroke centre. Patients were rapidly evaluated with the Los Angeles Motor Scale followed by a 3-minute resting-state EEG recording using a modified Muse EEG headband (InteraXon). The LVO diagnosis and the extent of cerebral blood flow abnormalities were determined from CT angiography and CT perfusion imaging performed in close temporal proximity to the EEG recording.
The study enrolled 74 patients (n= 8 LVO, n=66 non-LVO, including stroke mimics). Initial analysis suggests that LVO patients have trends towards brain slowing, as measured by the delta alpha ratio (LVO: mean = 1.21, SEM = 0.03; non-LVO: mean = 1.19, SEM = 0.01; p-value = 0.34). Additionally, LVO patients showed a trend towards increased brain asymmetry from 6-8 Hz, suggesting physiological differences between hemispheres specific to the theta frequency (LVO: mean = 0.02, SEM = 0.006; non-LVO: mean = 0.01, SEM = 0.002; p-value = 0.13). Quantitative measures will be assessed using classification trees to determine which combination of EEG and clinical features is most predictive of LVO.
In conclusion, acute differences in brain activity between LVO and non-LVO patients can be detected with portable EEG, which when combined with clinical stroke scales, have the potential to improve the diagnosis and triage of suspected stroke patients in a prehospital setting.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Risk of Noncardioembolic Ischemic Stroke: A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Alqdwah-Fattouh Rasha , Rodríguez-Martín Sara , Barreira-Hernández Diana , Izquierdo-Esteban Laura , Gil Miguel , González-Bermejo Diana , Fernández-Antón Encarnación , Rodríguez-Miguel Antonio , García-Lledó Alberto , Bolúmar Francisco , de Abajo Francisco J. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Multiple studies have reported that the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke; however, this finding may be the result of a confounding by indication. We examined the association using different approaches to minimize such potential bias.

Methods:
A nested case-control study was carried out in a Spanish primary health-care database over the study period 2001 to 2015. Cases were patients sustaining an ischemic stroke with no sign of cardioembolic or unusual cause. For each case, up to 5 matched controls (for exact age, sex, and index date) were randomly selected. Antidepressants were divided in 6 pharmacological subgroups according to their mechanism of action. The current use of SSRIs (use within a 30-day window before index date) was compared with nonuse, past use (beyond 365 days) and current use of other antidepressants through a conditional logistic regression model to obtain adjusted odds ratios and 95% CI. Only initiators of SSRIs and other antidepressants were considered.

Results:
A total of 8296 cases and 37 272 matched controls were included. Of them, 255 (3.07%) were current users of SSRIs among cases and 834 (2.24%) among controls, yielding an adjusted odds ratio of 1.14 (95% CI, 0.97–1.34) as compared with nonusers, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.77–1.13) as compared with past-users and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.58–0.93) as compared with current users of other antidepressants. No relevant differences were found by duration (≤1, >1 year), sex, age (<70, ≥70 years old) and background vascular risk.

Conclusions:
The use of SSRIs was not associated with an increased risk of noncardioembolic ischemic stroke. On the contrary, as compared with other antidepressants, SSRIs appeared to be protective.
Description of Scutylenchus quercinus n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchomorpha) from Asalem forests, north Iran
Authors: Sheikhzadeh Souzan , Mobasseri Mahyar , Valizadeh Ahmad , Pedram Majid 
Published: February 2022

Summary
A new species of Scutylenchus was recovered from soil collected in the rhizosphere of forest trees in natural Asalem forests, Gilan province, north Iran. The new species is described and illustrated based upon morphological and molecular data. Scutylenchus quercinus n. sp. is mainly characterised by having four lines in the lateral fields, thus delimiting it from currently known species of the genus, which have six lines. It is further characterised by 605-709 μm long females having a slightly offset cephalic region with five or six annuli, stylet 19-21 μm long with conus ca 50% of its total length and three slightly posteriorly sloping knobs, vulva in a cavity, with epiptygma, vagina vera squarish in lateral view, female tail subcylindrical with smooth end, and males with 26-30 μm long spicules. The new species was morphologically compared with eight similar species. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant species and genera were reconstructed using partial small, large subunit and internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (SSU, LSU D2-D3 and ITS1 rDNA) sequences and the resulting topologies were discussed.
Prayer as Seeing
Authors: Kamenicky Michael Austin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article provides a theological framework whereby the practices of silent contemplative prayer and tongues speech can be understood as mutually conditioning prayer practices that form the one who prays to perceive both beauty and the beautiful. It does so through an examination of the implicit metaphysical assumptions of the respective practices. The first section examines the implicit relationship between contemplative prayer and divine impassibility. The second section examines the relationship between glossolalia and divine relationality. The third section presents the practices of contemplation and glossolalia as mutually informative in dialogue with Gregory Palamas’ distinction between divine essence and energies. The article will therefore conclude that a comprehensive prayer practice that unites the experiences of impassibility and relationality can overcome the aesthetic divide between the mystical and the artistic by uniting the one who prays with a God who is both transcendent and relational.
The Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Bias in CESM1 and Its Influence on ENSO Forecasts
Authors: Wu Xian , Okumura Yuko M. , DiNezio Pedro N. , Yeager Stephen G. , Deser Clara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The mean-state bias and the associated forecast errors of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are investigated in a suite of 2-yr-lead retrospective forecasts conducted with the Community Earth System Model, version 1, for 1954–2015. The equatorial Pacific cold tongue in the forecasts is too strong and extends excessively westward due to a combination of the model’s inherent climatological bias, initialization imbalance, and errors in initial ocean data. The forecasts show a stronger cold tongue bias in the first year than that inherent to the model due to the imbalance between initial subsurface oceanic states and model dynamics. The cold tongue bias affects not only the pattern and amplitude but also the duration of ENSO in the forecasts by altering ocean–atmosphere feedbacks. The predicted sea surface temperature anomalies related to ENSO extend to the far western equatorial Pacific during boreal summer when the cold tongue bias is strong, and the predicted ENSO anomalies are too weak in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific. The forecast errors of pattern and amplitude subsequently lead to errors in ENSO phase transition by affecting the amplitude of the negative thermocline feedback in the equatorial Pacific and tropical interbasin adjustments during the mature phase of ENSO. These ENSO forecast errors further degrade the predictions of wintertime atmospheric teleconnections, land surface air temperature, and rainfall anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere. These mean-state and ENSO forecast biases are more pronounced in forecasts initialized in boreal spring–summer than other seasons due to the seasonal intensification of the Bjerknes feedback.
Perioperative Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Is Associated With Decreased Postoperative Complications in Decompensated Cirrhotics Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Aryan Mahmoud , McPhail James , Ravi Sujan , Harris Patrick , Allamneni Chaitanya , Shoreibah Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

Background Operative risk in patients with cirrhosis is related to the severity of liver disease and nature of procedure. Pre and postoperative portal decompression via transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) are logical approaches to facilitate surgery and improve postoperative outcomes. We compared postoperative outcomes of decompensated cirrhotics undergoing abdominal surgery either with or without perioperative TIPS placement. Methods We performed a retrospective review of 41 decompensated cirrhotic patients who had abdominal surgery from 2010-2019 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Patients were stratified based on having received either perioperative TIPS or no TIPS. Demographics, laboratory data, perioperative TIPS status and postoperative complications were compared between the 2 groups using Fisher exact test and Student 2 sample t-test. Results Group 1 consisted of 28 patients who had TIPS procedure, with 21 being preoperative and 7 being postoperative. Group 2 had 13 patients who had abdominal surgery without TIPS. When compared to those with perioperative TIPS, patients without TIPS had a significantly increased incidence of postoperative ascites (33% vs 77%, P = .0026), infection (18% vs 54%, P = .028), and acute kidney injury (AKI) (14% vs 46%, P = .0485). Additionally, postoperative Model of End Stage Liver Disease Sodium score was significantly higher in patients without TIPS (22 ± 4.74) when compared to those who had TIPS (17.14 ± 5.48) ( P = .009). Discussion Perioperative TIPS placement in decompensated cirrhotics was associated with decreased postoperative ascites, infection, and AKI when compared to those without TIPS. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
Characteristic Spectral Features of Terra Preta (TP) in the 5–15 Terahertz Range
Authors: Lepodise Lucia M. , Lewis Roger A. , Constable Evan , Pogson Elise , Joseph Stephen D. , Horvat Josip 
Published: February 2022

Terra preta is a fertile anthropogenic soil found in the Amazon basin. One of the most significant differences between the terra preta and surrounding soils is that terra preta is rich in aromatic carbons. Previous infrared investigations of terra preta were reported at energies above 1000 cm−1 where many other forms of carbon also have absorption lines. No measurements have been reported below 800 cm−1, where many absorptions associated with aromatic carbons occur in the absence of aliphatic carbon lines. We employ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy between 150 cm−1 and 500 cm−1. A comparison was made between the spectra of terra preta, several pure aromatic compounds, organic fertilizers developed to replicate terra preta and several Australian soils, some of which containing char from bushfires. The spectra in the 150–500 cm−1 range were very similar between terra preta and the organic fertilizers, while they were very different for the natural soils. These findings indicate that the content of aromatic carbons in terra preta and organic fertilizers is different than in natural soils containing the bushfire chars, but also soils produced entirely by bacterial and fungal activities. This point to the importance of the preparation conditions of the biochars, which are essential ingredients of terra preta and organic fertilizers used in this study.
Marxism, Anti-Japanese Resistance and Birth of the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Adlakha Hemant 
Published: February 2022

Rana Mitter, China’s Good War: How World War II Is Shaping a New Nationalism (Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2020), 336 pp., ₹2,220, ISBN: 9780674984264 (Hardcover). Rana Mitter, China’s War with Japan 1937–1945: The Struggle for Survival (London: Allen Lane, 2013), xxii+458 pp. £25.00 (cloth), £14.99 (eBook). Rana Mitter, The Manchurian Myth: Nationalism, Resistance, and Collaboration in Modern China (California University Press, Hardcover 2000), 308 pages, $68.95 £54.00, ISBN 9780520221116.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Frequency of Restraint, and Knowledge and Attitudes of the Caregivers of Patients Toward Restraint in a General Hospital Psychiatry Setting from South India
Authors: Kuppili Pooja Patnaik , Vengadavaradan Ashvini , Bharadwaj Balaji 
Published: February 2022

Background There is limited Indian data on the epidemiology of hospital-based restraint practices and the knowledge and attitude of caregivers toward restraint. Therefore, this study aimed to report the frequency and pattern of restraints in a general hospital psychiatry setting and assess the knowledge and attitude about restraint practices among caregivers of patients. Methods We calculated the frequency of restraints (physical and chemical) over one year. The knowledge and attitude toward restraint were assessed in 75 caregivers each of patients from inpatient and outpatient settings, using a questionnaire designed by the authors and pretested in a pilot study. Results The frequency of any form of restraint was 19%. The frequency of chemical and physical restraints was 19% and 0.5%, respectively. Less than 20% of caregivers in both groups reported that restraint was either stigmatizing (5.33% inpatient caregivers vs. 12% outpatient caregivers), cruel (8% inpatient caregivers vs. 15.33% outpatient caregivers), or a measure of punishment (9% inpatient caregivers vs. 16% outpatient caregivers). No significant difference was found between knowledge and attitude about restraint between caregivers of outpatients and inpatients, except for a significantly greater number of caregivers of outpatients reporting that the restraint practices in the hospital were similar to those adopted by faith healers or religious/spiritual centers. Conclusion The frequency of either physical or chemical restraint was less compared to the existing international and Indian data. In addition, most caregivers of patients of both outpatients and inpatients did not report a negative attitude toward restraints.