bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absolute OH density measurements in a CO2–H2O glow discharge by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Budde Maik , Martini Luca Matteo , Ceppelli Matteo , Quercetti Sara , Engeln Richard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Time-resolved absolute OH density measurements in a millisecond-pulsed DC glow discharge from carbon dioxide with water admixture, by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy, are presented. For this purpose, a novel technique is suggested to calibrate the OH LIF setup by means of two-photon absorption LIF spectroscopy measurements on a CO-filled gas cell. OH densities in the order of 1 × 1018 m−3 are reported at a pressure of 6.67 mbar with a water admixture of 20% and a discharge current of 50 mA. Furthermore, the time evolution of the CO2 conversion is determined from collision energy transfer LIF and validated against the literature. The time-dependent rotational temperature of OH is obtained with LIF thermometry.
Cosmic ray ensembles as signatures of ultra-high energy photons interacting with the solar magnetic field
Authors: Dhital N. , Homola P. , Alvarez-Castillo D. , Góra D. , Wilczyński H. , Almeida Cheminant K. , Poncyljusz B. , Mędrala J. , Opiła G. , Bhatt A. , Łozowski B. , Bhatta G. , Bibrzycki Ł. , Bretz T. , Ćwikła A. , Del Peral L. , Duffy A.R. , Gupta A.C. , Hnatyk B. , Jagoda P. , Kasztelan M. , Kopański K. , Kovacs P. , Krupinski M. , Medvedev M. , Nazari V. , Niedźwiecki M. , Ostrogórski D. , Piekarczyk M. , Rodríguez Frías M.D. , Rzecki K. , Smelcerz K. , Smolek K. , Stasielak J. , Sushchov O. , Wibig T. , Wozniak K. , Zamora-Saa J. , Zimborás Z. , Tursunov A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Propagation of ultra-high energy photons in the solar magnetosphere gives rise to cascades comprising thousands of photons.
We study the cascade development using Monte Carlo simulations and find that the photons in the cascades are
spatially extended over millions of kilometers on the plane distant from the Sun by 1 AU.
We estimate the chance of detection considering upper limits from current cosmic rays observatories in order to provide an optimistic estimate rate of 0.002 events per year from a chosen ring-shaped region around the Sun.
We compare results from simulations which use two models of the solar magnetic field, and show that although signatures of such cascades are different for
the models used, for practical detection purpose in the ground-based detectors, they are similar.
Superconductivity in Ce3PdIn11 single crystals – intrinsic phenomenon or parasitic effect?
Authors: Chajewski G , Gnida D , Das D , Kaczorowski D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Single crystals of the compound Ce3PdIn11 that belongs to a large family of superconducting cerium indides with the general formula Ce
m
T
n
In3m
+2n
(T stands for d-electron transition metal) were grown from indium flux and characterized by means of low-temperature specific heat and electrical resisitivity measurements. The collected data revealed significant sample-dependent divergence in their magnetic and superconducting properties which raises the question of whether these two cooperative phenomena are intrinsic properties of Ce3PdIn11.
Electronic structures and effective models in BaPtSb and BaPtAs with ordered honeycomb structures
Authors: Imai Yoshiki , Imazu Tsuyoshi , Goryo Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigate the low-energy electronic properties and construct the effective model Hamiltonians in the normal state for new materials BaPtSb and BaPtAs with ordered honeycomb structures. The preliminary experimental study suggested that the former compound may be a candidate of the time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductors. The low-energy electronic structures obtained from the first principles calculation mainly consist of Pt 5d and Sb/As 5p/4p orbitals, where there exist the strong hybridizations between both orbitals. We show that the main parts in the low-energy region including the Fermi surface are well described using renormalized 3 bands consisting of dominant Pt 2 bands and Sb/As 1 band. Our result provides a starting point for microscopic investigation in the superconducting states for the materials with the hexagonal structure.
Variation of the elliptical Fermi surface for a two-dimensional electron gas with anisotropic mass
Authors: Ciftja Orion 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We consider a two-dimensional electron gas in the thermodynamic (bulk) limit. It is assumed that the system consists of fully spin-polarized (spinless) electrons with anisotropic mass. We study the variation of the shape of the expected elliptical Fermi surface as a function of the density of the system in presence of such form of internal anisotropy. To this effect, we calculate the energy of the system as well as the optimum ellipticity of the Fermi surface for two possible liquid states. One corresponds to the standard system with circular Fermi surface while the second one represents a liquid anisotropic phase with a tunable elliptical deformation of the Fermi surface that includes the state that minimizes the kinetic energy. The results obtained shed light on several possible scenarios that may arise in such a system. The competition between opposing tendencies of the kinetic energy and potential energy may lead to the stabilization of liquid phases where the optimal elliptical deformation of the Fermi surface is non-obvious and depends on the density as well as an array of other factors related to the specific values of various parameters that characterize the system.
Majorana excitations in the anisotropic Kitaev model with an ordered-flux structure
Authors: Hashimoto Akihiro , Murakami Yuta , Koga Akihisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigate the anisotropic S = 1/2 Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice with the ordered-flux structure. By diagonalizing the Majorana Hamiltonian for the flux configuration, we find two distinct gapped quantum spin liquids. One of them is the gapped state realized in the large anisotropic case, where low energy properties are described by the toric code. On the other hand, when the system has small anisotropy, the other gapped quantum spin liquid is stabilized by the ordered-flux configuration. Since these two gapped quantum spin liquids are separated by the gapless region, these are not adiabatically connected to each other.
Low-temperature physical properties of new orthorhombic compounds RE2Au3Sn6 (RE = Ce, La)
Authors: Onishi K , Matsuoka E , Sugawara H , Sakurai T , Ohta H 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have prepared polycrystalline samples of RE2Au3Sn6 (RE = Ce, La) and investigated their magnetic, transport and thermal properties. We found that Ce2Au3Sn6 shows antiferromagnetic transition at T
N = 2.54 K, while La2Au3Sn6 shows no phase transition above 0.4 K. The electronic specific heat coefficient of Ce2Au3Sn6 is γ = 350 mJ Ce-mol K2, which indicates that Ce2Au3Sn6 is a heavy fermion compound. The magnetic entropy of Ce2Au3Sn6 at T
N is estimated to be 70% of Rln2, which can be attributed to the shielding of the magnetic moment by the Kondo effect.
Antiphase oscillations in the time-resolved spin structure factor of a photoexcited Mott insulator on a square lattice
Authors: Tohyama Takami , Shinjo Kazuya , Tsutsui Kenji 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigate momentum-dependent transient spin dynamics after photoirradiation in a two-dimensional Mott insulator described by a half-filled Hubbard model on a square lattice by using a numerically exact-diagonalization technique. We find a temporal oscillation in the static spin structure factor of a

18

×

18

periodic lattice. The oscillation exhibits an antiphase behavior between, for example, two orthogonal momentum directions parallel and perpendicular to the electric field of a pump pulse. The origin of the antiphase oscillation is attributed to a photoexcited wave function that has overlap with eigenstates producing the B
1g bimagnon Raman intensity. Observing such antiphase oscillations will be a big challenge for time-resolved resonant elastic x-ray scattering experiments.
Out of equilibrium charge transport in molecular electronic devices
Authors: Nava Andrea , Giuliano Domenico , Lepori Luca , Rossi Marco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using the Lindblad equation approach, we study the nonequilibrium stationary state of a benzene ring connected to two reservoirs in the large bias regime, a prototype of a generic molecular electronic device. We show the emergence of an optimal working point (corresponding to a change in the monotonicity of the stationary current, as a function of the applied bias) and its robustness against chemical potential and bond disorder.
Properties of the spin-momentum locked state
Authors: Doria Mauro M. , Rodrigues Edinardo I. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spin-momentum locking is becoming a cornerstone for the understanding and applications of novel condensed matter systems. Here we assume that it holds locally in position space and from it predict the existence of a local magnetic field. Although residual, this local magnetic field is important because it brings the topological stability that transforms particles into quasi-particles. The present approach shows that the Rashba term is already contained in the Schrödinger kinetic energy and a Dirac linear spectrum can be obtained without invoking a Dirac equation for the particles.
Field-angle dependence of thermal transport in Kitaev-Γ model
Authors: Koyama Shinnosuke , Nasu Joji 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigate the magnetic field effect on the Kitaev model with the Γ-type interaction, which plays an essential role in understanding the magnetic properties of real materials. We examine the mean-field phase diagram and thermal Hall conductivity using the linear spin-wave theory. We find that the Γ interaction substantially changes the field-angle dependence of the thermal Hall conductivity and suppresses its magnitude. The suppression is caused by the enhancement of the low-energy magnon gap while increasing the Γ interaction.
Comparison of Arduino Nano and Due processors for time-based data acquisition for low-cost mobile radiation detection system
Authors: Lee J. , Lee M.S. , Jang M. , Lim J.-M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Arduino is an open-source hardware and software platform
that consists of a single-board microcontroller (MCU). Arduino
offers low-cost and low-power operation, which allows the design of
a mobile battery-operated device and offers easy programming with a
wide range of compatible sensors. Hence, Arduino has recently been
widely used as an inexpensive solution to build educational and
evaluation tools. Here, we combined Arduino processors with
custom-developed time-based signal readout electronics for a
low-cost mobile radiation detection system; the system utilizes a
time-over-threshold technique that provides compact
electronics. Arduino processors were used for chip configuration,
serial communication, and real-time data acquisition. In this study,
we tested two commercial Arduino processors, Nano and Due, in
various signal environments and compared their performances. The
developed Arduino-based data acquisition system was combined with a
48 × 48 × 20 mm3 GAGG:Ce
(Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce) scintillation crystal and an
8 × 8 array of 6 × 6 mm2 SiPM. The developed
low-cost mobile gamma detection system achieved 9.35% energy
resolution at 662 keV and was able to acquire events up to 600 Hz
using an Arduino Nano.
Indo-Pacific warm pool present warming attribution and future projection constraint
Authors: Bai Wenrong , Liu Hailong , Lin Pengfei , Hu Shijian , Wang Fan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) has warmed and expanded substantially over the past decades, which has significantly affected the hydrological cycle and global climate system. It is unclear how the IPWP will change in the future under anthropogenic (ANT) forcing. Here, we quantify the human contribution to the observed IPWP warming/expansion and adjust the projected IPWP changes using an optimal fingerprinting method based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations. We find that more than 95% rapid warming and 85% expansion of the observed IPWP are detected and attributable to human influence. Furthermore, human activities affect IPWP warming through both greenhouse gases and ANT aerosols. The multiple model ensemble mean can capture the ANT warming trend and tends to underestimate the ANT warming trend. After using the observation constraint, the IPWP warming is projected to increase faster than that of the ensemble mean in the 21st Century, and the Indian Ocean warm pool is projected to expand more than previously expected. The rapid warming and expansion of IPWP over the rest of the 21st century will impact the climate system and the life of human beings.
Notch tensile and dry sliding wear studies on Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn alloy
Authors: Soundararajan R , Ali L Feroz , Srinidhi M S , Prabhu T Ram 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This main purpose of the present research is to investigate the properties of wear and tensile in smooth and notch conditions of the heat-treated Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn alloy. The material applications such as complex helicopter gear box casing, piston and brake actuating components demands tensile data in notch conditions and wear characterizations. The alloy was characterized for microstructure, hardness, tensile properties in smooth and notch conditions and tribological properties such as wear resistance and friction coefficient. The microstructure examination revealed equiaxed grain structure with the size of about 42 μm. The XRD results confirms the presence of Mg3 (Nd) precipitates. Smooth and notched samples were evaluated to determine the effect of notch radii and ductile-brittle transition. Notched samples show 25.31% improvements in strength compared to the smooth sample with the marginal reduction in ductility (1.3%–1.8%). The fractography results for notched specimens exhibited cleavage, intergranular mode whereas the smooth specimens exhibited quasi cleavage, inter and transgranular modes. At 10N, the wear rate and friction coefficient change from 8.83 × 10–5 mm3 min−1 to 7.11 × 10–5 mm3 min−1 (24.2%) and to 0.29 and 0.26 (11.5%) respectively when the sliding velocity increases from 1 to 5 m s−1. Similarly, at 20N, the wear rate and friction coefficient change from 9.11 × 10–5 mm3 min−1 to 0.75 × 10–6 mm3 min−1 (12.7%) and 0.29 to 0.23 (26.1%) respectively when the sliding velocity increases from 1 to 5 m s−1. With the increase of load, plastic deformation is dominant controlling the wear rate. With the increase of sliding speed, oxidation is dominant controlling the wear rate and friction coefficient. Mixed modes of wear mechanisms such as abrasion, oxidation, delamination, third body assisted wear and melt wear were observed.
Evolution of spectroscopy features in layered MoSxSe(2-x) solid solutions
Authors: Fajardo-Peralta Alejandro , Nguyen Minh An T , Valenzuela-Benavides J , Brodie Alexander , Gontijo Rafael Nunes , Elías Ana Laura , Perea-Lopez Néstor , Mallouk Thomas E , Terrones Mauricio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work we report the structural and spectroscopic characterization of the bulk MoSxSe2-x solid solutions synthesized by chemical vapor transport. The bulk crystals were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Electron microscopy evaluation of the layered materials shows two distinct types of crystals: flat and easily cleavable hexagonal microcrystals up to 50 μm in size, and agglomerated irregular crystals of 5–10 μm in size. XRD shows a consistent increase in interplanar spacing as the Se content is increased in the sample series. Raman spectra of bulk MoSxSe2-x obtained with three different excitation energies revealed first order phonon modes associated with pure MoS2 (x = 2) and MoSe2 (x = 0) along with a complex behavior of vibrational modes when x had intermediate values. XPS Mo3d line scans indicate a slight shift towards lower binding energies as the Se/S ratio increases, consistent with the expected energies of MoSe2. A simple and direct relationship can be established between the characteristic Raman peaks and the value of x, which can be useful for identifying the compositions of TMD crystals.
Quantifying stability of parameter estimates for in vivo nearly incompressible transversely-isotropic brain MR elastography
Authors: Jyoti Dhrubo , McGarry Matthew , Van Houten Elijah , Sowinski Damian , Bayly Philip V , Johnson Curtis L , Paulsen Keith 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Easily computable quality metrics for measured medical data at point-of-care are important for imaging technologies involving offline reconstruction. Accordingly, we developed a new data quality metric for in vivo transversely-isotropic (TI) magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) based on a generalization of the widely accepted octahedral shear-strain calculation. The metric uses MRE displacement data and an estimate of the TI property field to yield a ‘stability map’ which predicts regions of low versus high accuracy in the resulting material property reconstructions. We can also calculate an average TI parameter stability (TIPS) score over all voxels in a region of interest for a given measurement to indicate how reliable the recovered mechanical property estimate for the region is expected to be. The calculation is rapid and places little demand on computing resources compared to the computationally intensive material property reconstruction from non-linear inversion (TI-NLI) of displacement fields, making it ideal for point-of-care evaluation of data quality. We test the predictions of the stability map for both simulated phantoms and in vivo human brain data. We used a range of different displacement datasets from vibrations applied in the anterior-posterior (AP), left-right (LR) and combined AP + LR directions. The TIPS and variability maps (noise sensitivity or variation from the mean of repeated MRE scans) were consistently anti-correlated. Notably, Spearman correlation coefficients ∣R∣>0.6 were found between variability and TIPS score for individual white matter tracts with in vivo data. These observations demonstrate the reliability and promise of this data quality metric to screen data rapidly in realistic clinical MRE applications.
Allowed and forbidden zones in a Lightning-strokes spatio-temporal differential space
Authors: Ben Ami Yuval , Altaratz Orit , Koren Ilan , Yair Yoav 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we analyze time series of lightning strokes as detected by an LF/VLF network, over the Eastern Mediterranean during winter storms. The strokes’ raw data is examined without pre-grouping it into flashes. A distance-versus-time differential space (termed dRvsdT) is introduced, examining the intervals between successive strokes. While it loses information on the strokes’ exact time and location, it clusters common properties of the time and space intervals. The clusters on the dRvsdT space point on strokes within a flash (<1 s), strokes that occur almost simultaneously but in remote thunderclouds (located 10 s–100 s km away), the recharge time of a thundercloud (10 s of sec, a time-lag when strokes cannot occur), and counts of local and remote flashes. This method and its implications for flash determination and properties are universal and can be used for similar measurements around the globe.
Improvements on hot corrosion behaviour of HVOF coated CO2 laser beam and pulsed gas tungsten arc weldments in 2.5% sulphur gas plus molten salt in industrial waste incinerator environment
Authors: P Roshith , M Arivarasu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research article discusses in detail how the‌ ‌rate‌ ‌of‌ ‌corrosion‌ ‌increases‌ for the Alloy 254 in the ‌molten‌ ‌salt‌ ‌mixture‌ ‌of‌ ‌10‌ ‌wt%‌ ‌NaCl‌ ‌+ 40‌ ‌wt%‌ ‌K‌2‌SO‌4‌ + 40‌ ‌wt%‌ ‌Na‌2‌SO‌4‌ ‌+‌ ‌10‌ ‌wt%‌ ‌KCl‌ ‌and‌ ‌corrosive‌ ‌gas‌ combination of ‌ ‌2.5‌%‌ ‌SO‌2‌ ‌+‌ ‌3‌%‌ ‌O‌2‌ ‌+‌ ‌25‌%‌ ‌CO‌2‌ ‌+‌ ‌69.5‌%‌ ‌N‌2 in simulated municipal‌ ‌solid‌ ‌waste‌ ‌‌incinerator environment at 700 °C and 800 °C.‌ ‌In addition, the article shows rate of ‌thermal corrosion abridged due to the addition‌ ‌of‌ ‌80‌ ‌Ni-‌ ‌20‌ ‌Cr‌ ‌-‌High-velocity oxygen fuel ‌coating‌ ‌on‌ ‌the‌ ‌SMO‌ ‌254‌ ‌specimen. Thermogravimetric analysis is adapted to analyze the corrosion rate. A‌ ‌higher‌ ‌hardness‌ ‌was‌ ‌obtained‌ ‌for‌ ‌the‌ ‌High-velocity oxygen fuel coated‌ ‌specimen‌ ‌than‌ ‌that‌ ‌of‌ ‌base‌ ‌metal.‌ ‌Surface‌ ‌roughness‌ ‌was‌ ‌measured‌ ‌on‌ ‌the‌ ‌thermal‌ ‌barrier‌ ‌coated‌ ‌surface.‌ As a result of the impact of molten salt and corrosive gas, hot corrosion by-products such as ‌sulphides, chlorides‌ ‌and‌ ‌Na‌ are produced, which are observed to increase the severity of corrosion rate. ‌‌ The study provides a detailed analysis of the metallurgical changes along the cross-section on the hot corroded samples by optical and Scanning electron microstructural image analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to know about the corrosion products formed during corrosion. Formation‌ of the major protective oxide phases such as NiCr2O4, Cr2O3, NiO and CrMnO4 provide better corrosion resistance to the substrate in the coated samples. The diffusion of the corrosive elements along the cross-section of the weld interface, weld zone, and base metal zone was analyzed in detail using Electron dispersive spectroscopy‌ ‌data in the point scan, line scan, and x-ray mapping techniques. Thermal spray coatings were found to be effective to prevent the hot corrosion, however, a higher weight gain (17.75 mg cm−2) was observed on the pulse current gas tungsten arc weldment sample in the simulated environment compared to a weight gain (2.66 mg cm−2) base metal specimen at 700 °C. Spallation of coated surface occurred at 800 °C, and it could be concluded that the coating has found to be effective in preventing the hot corrosion and safe to operate at a temperature of 700 °C for Alloy 254 in this aggressive simulated environment.