bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SETDB1-like MET-2 promotes transcriptional silencing and development independently of its H3K9me-associated catalytic activity
Authors: Delaney Colin E. , Methot Stephen P. , Kalck Veronique , Seebacher Jan , Hess Daniel , Gasser Susan M. , Padeken Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTranscriptionally silenced heterochromatin bearing methylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9me) is critical for maintaining organismal viability and tissue integrity. Here we show that in addition to ensuring H3K9me, MET-2, the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of the SETDB1 histone methyltransferase, has a noncatalytic function that contributes to gene repression. Subnuclear foci of MET-2 coincide with H3K9me deposition, yet these foci also form when MET-2 is catalytically deficient and H3K9me is compromised. Whereas met-2 deletion triggers a loss of silencing and increased histone acetylation, foci of catalytically deficient MET-2 maintain silencing of a subset of genes, blocking acetylation on H3K9 and H3K27. In normal development, this noncatalytic MET-2 activity helps to maintain fertility. Under heat stress MET-2 foci disperse, coinciding with increased acetylation and transcriptional derepression. Our study suggests that the noncatalytic, focus-forming function of this SETDB1-like protein and its intrinsically disordered cofactor LIN-65 is physiologically relevant.
Photo-oxidative degradation of polyacids derived ceria nanoparticle modulation for chemical mechanical polishing
Authors: Kim Eungchul , Hong Jiah , Seok Hyunho , Kim Taesung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe effects of photo-oxidative degradation of polyacids at various concentrations and with different durations of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the photo-reduction of ceria nanoparticles were investigated. The effect of UV-treated ceria on the performance of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) for the dielectric layer was also evaluated. When the polyacids were exposed to UV light, they underwent photo-oxidation with consumption of the dissolved oxygen in slurry. UV-treated ceria particles formed oxygen vacancies by absorbing photon energy, resulting in increased Ce3+ ions concentration on the surface, and when the oxygen level of the solution was lowered by the photo-oxidation of polymers, the formation of Ce3+ ions was promoted from 14.2 to 36.5%. Furthermore, chain scissions of polymers occurred during the oxidation process, and polyacids with lower molecular weights were found to be effective in ceria particle dispersion in terms of the decrease in the mean diameter and size distribution maintaining under 0.1 of polydispersity index. With increasing polyacid concentration and UV irradiation time, the Ce3+ concentration and the dispersity of ceria both increased due to the photo-oxidative degradation of the polymer; this enhanced the CMP performance in terms of 87% improved material removal rate and 48% lowered wafer surface roughness.
Analysis of the effects of nonextensivity for a generalized dissipative system in the SU(1,1) coherent states
Authors: Choi Jeong Ryeol 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of nonextensivity for a general quantum dissipative oscillatory system in the SU(1,1) coherent states are investigated using the invariant operator method. We consider a deformed Caldirola-Kanai oscillator represented in terms of a parameter q which is a measure of the degree of nonextensivity. The nonextensivity effects on the parametric evolution of the SU(1,1) coherent states are elucidated. We compare our results with those of previous researches and address the advantage of our methodology which adopts the linear invariant operator. In particular, the nonextensive behaviors associated with the fluctuations of canonical variables and the dissipation of quantum energy are analyzed in detail regarding their dependence on q. The properties of SU(1,1) coherent states that we adopt here can be utilized in quantum-information processes such as cloning, swapping, and teleportation of state information.
Addressing cancer invasion and cell motility with quantitative light microscopy
Authors: Zicha Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe incidence of death caused by cancer has been increasing worldwide. The growth of cancer cells is not the main problem. The majority of deaths are due to invasion and metastasis, where cancer cells actively spread from primary tumors. Our inbred rat model of spontaneous metastasis revealed dynamic phenotype changes in vitro correlating with the metastatic potential in vivo and led to a discovery of a metastasis suppressor, protein 4.1B, which affects their 2D motility on flat substrates. Subsequently, others confirmed 4.1B as metastasis suppressor using knock-out mice and patient data suggesting mechanism involving apoptosis. There is evidence that 2D motility may be differentially controlled to the 3D situation. Here we show that 4.1B affects cell motility in an invasion assay similarly to the 2D system, further supporting our original hypothesis that the role of 4.1B as metastasis suppressor is primarily mediated by its effect on motility. This is encouraging for the validity of the 2D analysis, and we propose Quantitative Phase Imaging with incoherent light source for rapid and accurate testing of cancer cell motility and growth to be of interest for personalized cancer treatment as illustrated in experiments measuring responses of human adenocarcinoma cells to selected chemotherapeutic drugs.
Salt‑responsive transcriptome analysis of canola roots reveals candidate genes involved in the key metabolic pathway in response to salt stress
Authors: Wang Weichao , Pang Jiayin , Zhang Fenghua , Sun Lupeng , Yang Lei , Fu Tingdong , Guo Liang , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSalinity is a major constraint on crop growth and productivity, limiting sustainable agriculture in arid regions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of salt-stress adaptation in canola is important to improve salt tolerance and promote its cultivation in saline lands. In this study, roots of control (no salt) and 200 mM NaCl-stressed canola seedlings were collected for RNA-Seq analysis and qRT-PCR validation. A total of 5385, 4268, and 7105 DEGs at the three time points of salt treatment compared to the control were identified, respectively. Several DEGs enriched in plant signal transduction pathways were highly expressed under salt stress, and these genes play an important role in signaling and scavenging of ROS in response to salt stress. Transcript expression in canola roots differed at different stages of salt stress, with the early-stages (2 h) of salt stress mainly related to oxidative stress response and sugar metabolism, while the late-stages (72 h) of salt stress mainly related to transmembrane movement, amino acid metabolism, glycerol metabolism and structural components of the cell wall. Several families of TFs that may be associated with salt tolerance were identified, including ERF, MYB, NAC, WRKY, and bHLH. These results provide a basis for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of salt stress adaptation in canola.
Antireflective, photocatalytic, and superhydrophilic coating prepared by facile sparking process for photovoltaic panels
Authors: Thongsuwan W. , Sroila W. , Kumpika T. , Kantarak E. , Singjai P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSoiling of photovoltaic modules and the reflection of incident light from the solar panel glass reduces the efficiency and performance of solar panels; therefore, the glass should be improved to have antifouling properties. In this work, commercial solar panels were coated with sparked titanium films, and the antireflective, super-hydrophilic, and photocatalytic properties of the films were investigated. The reflectance, photocatalytic properties, and degradation of the organic pollutant methylene blue were determined using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The wetting properties were studied by measuring the water contact angle using an optical tensiometer. The outdoor power of the spark-discharged-titanium coated and uncoated PV panels was measured for 10 months at Chiang Mai, Thailand. It was found that conditions such as cloudiness, rainfall, and muddy stains significantly influenced the power difference (ΔP) between the coated and uncoated PV panels. The increase in ΔP was due to the improved dust removal from the super-hydrophilic surface of the coated panels. On a cloudy day, ΔP reached its highest value of 14.22%, which was anticipated to improve the anti-reflection property of the coated glass. The average ΔP was 6.62% over the entire experimental period.
A new Early Cretaceous lizard in Myanmar amber with exceptionally preserved integument
Authors: Čerňanský Andrej , Stanley Edward L. , Daza Juan D. , Bolet Arnau , Arias J. Salvador , Bauer Aaron M. , Vidal-García Marta , Bevitt Joseph J. , Peretti Adolf M. , Aung Nyi Nyi , Evans Susan E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe here report on a well-preserved juvenile lizard specimen in Albian amber (ca. 110 mya) from the Hkamti site (Myanmar). This new taxon is represented by an articulated skull and the anterior portion of the trunk, including the pectoral girdle and forelimbs. The scleral ossicles and eyelid are also visible, and the specimen exhibits pristine detail of the integument (of both head and body). In a combined molecular and morphological analysis, it was consistently recovered as a scincoid lizard (Scinciformata), as sister toTepexisaurus + Xantusiidae. However, the phylogenetic position of the new taxon should be interpreted with caution as the holotype is an immature individual. We explored the possibility of miscoding ontogenetically variable characters by running alternative analyses in which these characters were scored as missing data for our taxon. With the exception of one tree, in which it was sister to Amphisbaenia, the specimen was recovered as a Pan-xantusiid. Moreover, we cannot rule out the possibility that it represents a separate lineage of uncertain phylogenetic position, as it is the case for many Jurassic and Cretaceous taxa. Nonetheless, this fossil offers a rare opportunity to glimpse the external appearance of one group of lizards during the Early Cretaceous.
The feasibility of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for patients with active cancer who undergo in-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Shin Yo Sep , Kang Pil-Je , Kim Youn-Jung , Ryoo Seung Mok , Jung Sung-Ho , Hong Sang-Bum , Kim Won Young 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIndications of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) are still debatable, particularly in patients with cancer. Prediction of the prognosis of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in patients with cancer receiving ECPR is important given the increasing prevalence and survival rate of cancer. We compared the neurologic outcomes and survival rates of IHCA patients with and without cancer receiving ECPR. Data from the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation registry between 2015 and 2019 were used in a retrospective manner. The primary outcome was 6-month good neurologic outcome, defined as a Cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2. The secondary outcomes were 1- and 3-month good neurologic outcome, and 6-month survival. Among 247 IHCA patients with ECPR, 43 had active cancer. The 6-month good neurologic outcome rate was 27.9% and 32.4% in patients with and without active cancer, respectively (P > 0.05). Good neurologic outcomes at 1-month (30.2% vs. 20.6%) and 3-month (30.2% vs. 28.4%), and the survival rate at 6-month (39.5% vs. 36.5%) were not significantly different (all P > 0.05) Active cancer was not associated with 6-month good neurologic outcome by logistic regression analyses. Therefore, patients with IHCA should not be excluded from ECPR solely for the presence of cancer itself.
Efficient micropropagation of Thunbergia coccinea Wall. and genetic homogeneity assessment through RAPD and ISSR markers
Authors: Sultana Kaniz Wahida , Das Sumanta , Chandra Indrani , Roy Anindita 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThunbergia coccinea Wall. ex D. Don being a rare, ornamental and medicinal plant of India, is needed to propagate for conserving the germplasm and analyzing its phytochemical compounds in the future. A reliable protocol for direct in vitro propagation using nodal shoot meristem of T. coccinea as explant was standardized. The highest number of shoots per explant (22.17 ± 0.54) with maximum shoot length (2.36 ± 0.28) in cm was obtained in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.70 µM of 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin) and 0.053 µM of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) combination, among all the different plant growth regulators (PGR’s) and concentrations tested. The aforesaid PGR’s combination was optimum for axillary shoot bud induction and multiplication in T. coccinea. The best rooting was observed on the half-strength MS medium fortified with 2.68 µM NAA with the highest number of roots per shoot (3.75 ± 0.12) and maximum length (5.22 ± 0.32) in cm. All the in vitro raised plantlets were acclimatized in sterile sand and soil mixture (1:1) with a survival rate of 70% on earthen pots under greenhouse conditions. PCR-based RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular markers were employed to determine the genetic homogeneity amongst the plantlets. Twelve (12) RAPD and nine (9) ISSR primers developed a total of 104 and 91 scorable bands, respectively. The band profiles of micropropagated plantlets were monomorphic to the mother, donor in vivo plant, and similarity values varied from 0.9542–1.000. The dendrogram generated through UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) showed 99% similarities amongst all tested plants confirming the genetic uniformity of in vitro raised plants.
MWCNT synergy for boosting the electrochemical kinetics of V2O5 cathode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Mustafa Hamna , Yu Yanlong , Zafar Amina , Liu Yanguo , Karim Shafqat , Javed Saqib , Mehboob Sheeraz , Sun Hongyu , Hussain Shafqat , Shah Atta Ullah , Hussain Syed Zahid , Safdar Amna , Nisar Amjad , Ahmad Mashkoor 
Published: January 2022

V2O5/MWCNT hybrid system has been developed and investigated as cathode in LIBs. The developed electrode shows superior performance as compare to pristine V2O5 and V2O5/rGO hybrid structure due to the synergy between V2O5 and MWCNT.
Recent advances towards aqueous hydrogen peroxide formation in a direct current plasma–liquid system
Authors: Chen Qiang , Li Junshuai , Chen Qiang , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aqueous phase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2aq) produced from the plasma–liquid interactions can directly or synergistically (with other substances) affect the liquid chemistry, and therefore it is important to unfold the H2O2aq formation mechanism. However, up to now, a consensus on the H2O2aq formation mechanism is not reached. This review aims to survey the recent advances on the understanding of the H2O2aq formation mechanism in the system of a direct current discharge plasma operated over a liquid electrode. Theoretical and experimental analyses indicate that the recombination of dissolved OH radicals (OHaq) is the dominant process for the H2O2aq formation, while the purported plasma‐induced photolysis of water and the dissolution of gaseous H2O2 are ruled out.
FEEDBACK from the NGC 7538 H II region
Authors: Beuther H. , Schneider N. , Simon R. , Suri S. , Ossenkopf-Okada V. , Kabanovic S. , Röllig M. , Guevara C. , Tielens A. G. G. M. , Sandell G. , Buchbender C. , Ricken O. , Güsten R. 
Published: January 2022

Context. The interaction of expanding H II regions with their environmental clouds is one of the central questions driving the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) legacy program FEEDBACK.
Aims. We want to understand the interaction of the prototypical NGC 7538 H II region with the neighboring molecular cloud hosting several active star-forming regions.
Methods. Using the SOFIA, we mapped an area of ~210′2 (~125 pc2) around NGC 7538 in the velocity-resolved ionized carbon fine-structure line [CII] at 1.9 THz (158 μm). Complementary observed atomic carbon [CI] at 492 GHz and high-J CO(8–7) data, as well as archival near- and far-infrared, cm continuum, CO(3–2), and HI data are folded into the analysis.
Results. The ionized carbon [CII] data reveal rich morphological and kinematic structures. While the overall morphology follows the general ionized gas that is also visible in the radio continuum emission, the channel maps show multiple bubble-like structures with sizes on the order of ~80–100″ (~1.0–1.28 pc). While at least one of them may be an individual feedback bubble driven by the main exciting sources of the NGC 7538 H II region (the O3 and O9 stars IRS6 and IRS5), the other bubble-like morphologies may also be due to the intrinsically porous structure of the H II region. An analysis of the expansion velocities around 10 km s−1 indicates that thermal expansion is not sufficient but that wind-driving from the central O-stars is required. The region exhibits a general velocity gradient across, but we also identify several individual velocity components. The most blue-shifted [CII] component has barely any molecular or atomic counterparts. At the interface to the molecular cloud, we find a typical photon-dominated region (PDR) with a bar-shape. Ionized C+, atomic C0 and molecular carbon CO show a layered structure in this PDR. The carbon in the PDR is dominated by its ionized C+ form with atomic C0 and molecular CO masses of ~0.45 ± 0.1 M⊙ and ~1.2 ± 0.1 M⊙, respectively, compared to the ionized carbon C+ in the range of 3.6−9.7 M⊙. This bar-shaped PDR exhibits a velocity-gradient across, indicating motions along the line of sight toward the observer.
Conclusions. Even if it is shown to be dominated by two nearby exciting sources (IRS6 and IRS5), the NGC 7538 H II region exhibits a diverse set of substructures that interact with each other as well as with the adjacent cloud. Compared to other recent [CII] observations of H II regions (e.g., Orion Veil, RCW120, RCW49), the bubble-shape morphologies revealed in [CII] emission that are indicative of expanding shells are recurring structures of PDRs.
„Es waren Kreativität und Umdenken
erforderlich.“ Auswirkungen der COVID-19 Pandemie auf die spezialisierte
ambulante Palliativversorgung (SAPV). Eine bundesweite
Onlinebefragung
Authors: Gebel Cordula , Kloppenburg Lars , Jansky Maximiliane Katharina , Nauck Friedemann , Schade Franziska , Wedding Ulrich 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie  Die Studie erforscht die Auswirkungen der COVID-19 Pandemie und
die zu ihrer Eindämmung erfolgten Maßnahmen auf die
Tätigkeit der spezialisierten ambulanten Palliativversorgung (SAPV) aus
Sicht der SAPV-Leitungspersonen. Methodik  In dieser Querschnittsstudie wurde
ein Onlinefragebogen mit quantitativen und qualitativen Fragen entwickelt und
verwendet, der sich auf die Erfahrungen der SAPV in der ersten und zweiten Welle
der COVID-19 Pandemie in Deutschland bezieht. In einem strukturierten
Rekrutierungsprozess wurden alle SAPV-Teams (n=357) zur Teilnahme
aufgefordert. Ergebnisse  Vom 10.10.2020 bis 07.01.2021 nahmen 154 SAPV-Teams
teil (Rücklaufquote 43%). Sie beschreiben deutliche Auswirkungen
der COVID-19 Pandemie auf ihre Tätigkeit. Trotz pandemiebedingter
Probleme der Personalverfügbarkeit (78,5%), konnte die
Palliativversorgung der Patient*innen weitestgehend sichergestellt
werden. Die Zahl der zu betreuenden Patient*innen blieb für die
meisten Teams gleich, war für einige zunehmend und nur für
wenige abnehmend. Zentral war die Umstellung der direkten Kontakte zu
Patient*innen und deren Angehörigen auf telefonische Kontakte.
Als zusätzlich erschwerend wurden die generelle Vermeidung von
Kontakten, die Einhaltung von Hygienebestimmungen bei notwendigen
persönlichen Kontakten und die pandemiebezogenen Unsicherheiten und
Ängste sowohl im Team selbst, als auch bei Angehörigen und
Patient*innen, angegeben. Die Beschaffung von Schutzausrüstung
war in der ersten Welle eine Herausforderung. Probleme in der Zusammenarbeit mit
Kooperationspartnern (z. B. stationäre Pflegeeinrichtungen und
ambulante Hospizdienste) hatten sich im Pandemieverlauf abgebaut, waren jedoch
in allen Bereichen größer als zuvor. Viele Maßnahmen zur
Bewältigung der pandemischen Herausforderungen wurden umgesetzt, andere
als sinnvoll aber nicht umgesetzt bewertet, weitere als nicht sinnvoll oder
umsetzbar.Schlussfolgerungen  SAPV-Teams berichten, dass es ihnen trotz der
Notwendigkeit der Anpassung vieler Prozesse an die Situation der Pandemie
gelungen ist, die Versorgung der Patient*innen, wenn auch unter
erschwerten Bedingungen, aufrecht zu erhalten.
High Incidence of Hippocampal Abnormalities in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Natsume Takenori , Inaba Yuji , Osawa Yoshihiro , Fukuyama Tetsuhiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection exhibits polymicrogyria, intracranial calcification, white matter lesions, and several types of intracranial lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in addition to various developmental disorders and epilepsies. However, little is known on the presence of hippocampal abnormality in this affliction. The aim of this study is to clarify the incidence of hippocampal abnormality in congenital CMV infection.
Methods Seventeen children diagnosed as having congenital CMV infection along with 17 age-matched pediatric controls were retrospectively evaluated by brain MRI and clinical review. The measurement data were obtained from conventional coronal sections in this retrospective study. Hippocampal malrotation (HIMAL) was defined as a hippocampal diameter ratio (i.e., the ratio of the height and width of the hippocampus) of >0.92.
Results Hippocampal diameter ratios were significantly higher in the congenital CMV infection group (0.99 [range: 0.70–1.58] on the right side and 0.85 [range: 0.66–1.39] on the left side) than in controls (0.71 [range: 0.58–0.91] and 0.70 [range: 0.50–1.00], respectively). HIMAL was present in 17 of 34 hippocampi (50%) in the congenital CMV infection group and 1 of 34 hippocampi (2.9%) in controls. No correlations were detected between HIMAL and intelligence quotient/developmental quotient or the occurrences of autism spectrum disorder or epilepsy.
Conclusion This study is the first to demonstrate the incidence of hippocampal abnormality to be significantly higher in congenital CMV infection patients than in age-matched controls. Further study is necessary to clarify the associations of HIMAL with other clinical and developmental features.
Accelerated Asymmetric Reaction Screening with Optical Assays
Authors: Wolf Christian , Hassan Diandra Safira , Kariapper F. Safia , Lynch Ciarán C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAsymmetric reaction development often involves optimization of several mutually dependent parameters that affect the product yield and enantiomeric excess. Widely available high-throughput experimentation equipment and optical sensing assays can drastically streamline comprehensive optimization efforts and speed up the discovery process at reduced cost, workload, and waste production. A variety of chiroptical assays that utilize fluorescence, UV, and circular dichroism measurements to determine reaction yields and ee values are now available, enabling the screening of numerous small-scale reaction samples in parallel with multi-well plate technology. Many of these optical methods considerably shorten work-up protocols typically required for traditional asymmetric reaction analysis and some can be directly applied to crude mixtures thus eliminating cumbersome separation and purification steps altogether.1	Introduction2	Fluorescence Assays3	UV Sensing Methods4	Sensing with Circular Dichroism Probes5	Hybrid Approaches6	Optical Analysis with Intrinsically CD-Active Reaction Products7	Conclusion