bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change disclosure and the promise of response‐ability and transparency: A synthesizing framework and future research agenda
Authors: Shui Xiaolong , Zhang Minhao , Smart Palie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper systematically reviews the burgeoning but fragmented body of literature on climate change disclosure in the first two decades of the 21st century. Although there is an increasing trend for organizations to engage in climate change disclosure, the level of transparency, which is the key to allowing organizations to be responsible and accountable, varies significantly. We have synthesized current research findings on disclosure practice, antecedents, and outcomes into an integrative framework. In light of this framework, a more theoretically informed construct of carbon transparency is introduced in this review paper. We further highlight some research gaps supplementing with promising theorizing opportunities to encourage future works that can go beyond the extant scope of inquiry. Given the urgency of the current carbon budget, more studies are encouraged to examine the mechanism under which carbon transparency can lead to enhanced carbon performance in addressing climate change at the micro‐organization level.
Classroom Design and Children's Attention Allocation: Beyond the Laboratory and into the Classroom
Authors: Godwin Karrie E. , Leroux Audrey J. , Scupelli Peter , Fisher Anna V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrior laboratory research suggests the visual environment can be a source of distraction for children, reducing attention to instructional tasks and learning outcomes. However, systematic research examining how the visual environment relates to attention in genuine classrooms is rare. In addition, it is unknown what specific aspects of the environment pose a challenge for attention regulation. This observational study aims to (1) provide a nuanced examination of specific elements of the classroom visual environment (e.g., visual noise, display quantity, color variability) by analyzing panoramic classroom photographs (N = 58) and (2) investigate whether specific visual environment elements are related to children's rates of on‐task behavior. Results indicate on‐task behavior was lower in classrooms containing greater quantities of visual noise and color variability, and in classrooms with either relatively small or large amounts of displays (controlling for observation session, school type, student gender, grade‐level, and instructional format). Implications for creating more optimal visual learning environments are discussed.
What type of face mask should we choose in coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic considering photoprotective effectiveness?
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Cho Jun Hyuk , Ham Min Seok , Seo Soo Hong , Ahn Hyo Hyun , Kim Dai Hyun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWearing a face mask is one of the most effective personal protective strategies to diminish the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Several dermatological outcomes were reported because of the prolonged use of face masks, especially due to the constant mask‐on policy, but the photoprotective effect of face masks has received less attention.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to provide guidance in the use of face masks by comparing the photoprotective effects of routinely used masks.MethodsA total of 12 frequently used face masks were tested, including certified respirators, Korea filter (KF)94, KF‐anti‐droplet (KF‐AD), and KF80. The amount of light that penetrates each face mask was measured using a light sensor that can quantify Ultraviolet A (UVA), visible light (VL), and infrared A (IR‐A) rays.ResultsBlack‐colored KF94 masks and surgical masks reduced penetration of UVA, VL, and IR‐A by approximately 100%. The UVA penetration decreased on average by 95.51%, 90.97%, 85.06%, and 86.41% with white‐colored KF94, KF‐AD, KF80, and surgical masks, respectively. The VL and IR‐A were blocked by approximately 75.58%, 66.16%, 59.18%, and 64.48% with white‐colored KF94, KF‐AD, KF80, and surgical masks, respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, the different photoprotective effectiveness of face masks was mainly determined by colors, and therefore, black‐colored, multi‐layered respirators can be recommended in terms of photoprotection in the COVID‐19 pandemic. The quantified comparative results will be helpful to the person with pre‐existing photo‐aggravated dermatosis, especially in the season of the high intensity of sunlight.
Influence of narrow‐band ultraviolet B therapy on sirtuin 1 expression in lesional skin of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis: Relation to clinical improvement and interferon‐γ expression
Authors: Eid Amira Abulfotooh , Aly Rania Gaber , Elkholy Shaimaa Abd Elkarim , Sorour Osama Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundReduced sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression in psoriasis was previously reported, and its activation was associated with disease improvement. Narrow‐band ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) downregulates several pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and influences keratinocyte differentiation in psoriasis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to study the in vivo influence NB‐UVB treatment on Sirt1 expression in psoriatic skin in relation to disease improvement and IFN‐γ expression.MethodsTwenty‐six patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were evaluated, and psoriasis area severity index (PASI) was calculated. Skin biopsies were taken from lesional skin of the patients before and after 3 months of treatment with NB‐UVB and from 26 controls, where the distribution and immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores of Sirt1 and IFN‐γ were determined.ResultsAfter 3 months of treatment, Sirt1 distribution and epidermal IHC score were significantly higher, whereas Sirt1 dermal IHC score and IFN‐γ distribution, epidermal and dermal IHC scores were significantly lower than the pre‐treatment values. Before and after 3 months of NB‐UVB therapy, PASI showed a significant negative correlation with Sirt1 distribution and epidermal IHC score; and a significant positive correlation with interferon‐γ distribution and epidermal IHC score. Moreover, Sirt1 distributions were negatively correlated with the corresponding interferon‐γ distributions.ConclusionsThe detected upregulation of epidermal Sirt1 following NB‐UVB therapy possibly represents another mechanism by which NB‐UVB can act in psoriasis and also highlights the role of Sirt1 upregulation in psoriasis treatment.
Epistemic entitlement, epistemic risk and leaching
Authors: Moretti Luca , Wright Crispin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne type of argument to sceptical paradox proceeds by making a case that a certain kind of metaphysically “heavyweight” or “cornerstone” proposition is beyond all possible evidence and hence may not be known or justifiably believed. Crispin Wright has argued that we can concede that our rational acceptance of these propositions is evidentially risky though we still remain rationally entitled to those of our ordinary knowledge claims that are seemingly threatened by that concession. A problem for Wright's proposal is the so‐called Leaching Worry: if we are merely rationally entitled to accept the cornerstones without evidence, how can we achieve evidence‐based knowledge of the multitude of quotidian propositions that we think we know, which require the cornerstones to be true? This paper presents a rigorous, novel explication of this worry within a Bayesian framework, and offers the Epistemic Entitlement theorist two distinct responses.
Coordination of autonomic and endocrine stress responses to the Trier Social Stress Test in adolescence
Authors: Glier Sarah , Campbell Alana , Corr Rachel , Pelletier‐Baldelli Andrea , Yefimov Mae , Guerra Carina , Scott Kathryn , Murphy Louis , Bizzell Joshua , Belger Aysenil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDysregulations in autonomic and endocrine stress responses are linked to the emergence of psychopathology in adolescence. However, most studies fail to consider the interplay between these systems giving rise to conflicting findings and a gap in understanding adolescent stress response regulation. A multisystem framework—investigation of parasympathetic (PNS), sympathetic (SNS), and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis components and their coordination—is necessary to understand individual differences in stress response coordination which contribute to stress vulnerabilities. As the first investigation to comprehensively evaluate these three systems in adolescence, the current study employed the Trier Social Stress Test in 72 typically developing adolescents (mean age = 13) to address how PNS, SNS, and HPA stress responses are coordinated in adolescence. Hypotheses tested key predictions of the Adaptive Calibration Model (ACM) of stress response coordination. PNS and SNS responses were assessed via heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary alpha amylase (sAA) respectively. HPA responses were indexed by salivary cortisol. Analyses utilized piecewise growth curve modeling to investigate these aims. Supporting the ACM theory, there was significant hierarchical coordination between the systems such that those with low HRV had higher sAA and cortisol reactivity and those with high HRV had low‐to‐moderate sAA and cortisol responsivity. Our novel results reveal the necessity of studying multisystem dynamics in an integrative fashion to uncover the true mechanisms of stress response and regulation during development. Additionally, our findings support the existence of characteristic stress response profiles as predicted by the ACM model.
Genomes, repeatomes and interphase chromosome organization in the meadowfoam family (Limnanthaceae, Brassicales)
Authors: Zuo Sheng , Mandáková Terezie , Kubová Michaela , Lysak Martin A. 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYThe meadowfoam family (Limnanthaceae) is one of the smallest and genomically underexplored families of the Brassicales. The Limnanthaceae harbor about seven species in the genus Limnanthes (meadowfoam) and Floerkea proserpinacoides (false mermaidweed), all native to North America. Because all Limnanthes and Floerkea species have only five chromosome pairs, i.e., a chromosome number rare in Brassicales and shared with Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), we examined the Limnanthaceae genomes as a potential model system. Using low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing data, we reexamined phylogenetic relationships and characterized the repeatomes of Limnanthaceae genomes. Phylogenies based on complete chloroplast and 35S rDNA sequences corroborated the sister relationship between Floerkea and Limnanthes and two major clades in the latter genus. The genome size of Limnanthaceae species ranges from 1.5 to 2.1 Gb, apparently due to the large increase in DNA repeats, which constitute 60–70% of their genomes. Repeatomes are dominated by long terminal repeat retrotransposons, while tandem repeats represent only less than 0.5% of the genomes. The average chromosome size in Limnanthaceae species (340–420 Mb) is more than 10 times larger than in Arabidopsis (32 Mb). A three‐dimensional fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that the five chromosome pairs in interphase nuclei of Limnanthes species adopt the Rabl‐like configuration.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Oscar William 
Published: March 2022

International Journal of Contemporary Education (IJCE) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJCE publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 1 Ahmad Suradi, State Islamic Institute of Bengkulu, IndonesiaAurora Q. Pestano, University of San Jose Recoletos, PhilippinesBožić-Lenard Dragana, University of Osijek Croatia, CroatiaDina Radeljas, Mohawk Valley Community College, USAEdward Bolden, Case Western Reserve University, USAFederica Cornali, University of Turin, ItalyGiuseppe Maugeri, University of Urbino, ItalyInaad M Sayer, University of Human Development, IraqIvan Lenard, Elementary School Ladimirevci, CroatiaMatthew Schatt, University of Florida, USANesrin Ozturk, Ege University, TurkeyQiu Yuan, Gannan Normal University, ChinaSaid K. Juma, State University of Zanzibar, TanzaniaVassiliki Pliogou, Metropolitan College of Thessaloniki, GreeceVassilios Papadimitriou, University of Thessaly, Greece William OscarEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of Contemporary Education------------------------------------------------------------Redfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USATel: 1-503-828-0536 ext. 509Fax: 1-503-828-0537E-mail 1: ijce@redfame.comE-mail 2: ijce@redfame.orgURL: http://ijce.redfame.com
Linking the Gulf of Mexico and Coast Mountains batholith during late Paleocene time: Insights from Hf isotopes in detrital zircons
Authors: Pecha* Mark E. , Blum Michael D. , Gehrels George E. , Sundell Kurt E. , Karlstrom Karl E. , Gonzales David A. , Malone David H. , Mahoney J. Brian 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Paleocene Lower Wilcox Group sedimentation rates are three times the Cenozoic average for the Gulf of Mexico region and are attributed to Laramide tectonism within the Laramide–Rocky Mountains region. These increased rates likely represent the erosion of easily weathered Phanerozoic strata that blanketed the Laramide-age basement-cored uplifts. Geologic observations and U-Pb geochronology are not sufficient to fully address this hypothesis alone, so we conducted 439 Lu-Hf isotopic analyses on detrital zircons from eight samples from the San Juan Basin and five samples from the Gulf of Mexico Basin. Focusing on the zircons younger than 300 Ma allowed us to make direct comparisons to the eight principal components that comprise the North American Cordilleran magmatic arc: (1) Coast Mountains batholith; (2) North Cascades Range; (3) Idaho batholith; (4) Sierra Nevada batholith; (5) Laramide porphyry copper province; (6) Transverse Ranges; (7) Peninsular Ranges; and (8) Sierra Madre Occidental. The εHf(t) results range from +8.9 to –27.0 for the San Juan Basin samples and from +13.0 to –26.6 for the Gulf of Mexico samples. Using the San Juan Basin samples as a proxy for the eroded Mesozoic cover that was shed from the Laramide uplifts, we show that much of the sediment entering the Gulf of Mexico through the Houston and Mississippi embayments during the late Paleocene was derived from reworked cover from the greater Laramide–Rocky Mountains region. However, the Gulf of Mexico samples also include a distinct juvenile suite (εHf[t] ranging from +13 to +5) of zircons ranging in age from ca. 220 to 55 Ma that we traced to the Coast Mountains batholith in British Columbia, Canada. This transcontinental connection indicates an extension to the headwaters of the previously defined paleo-Mississippi drainage basin from ca. 58 to 56 Ma. Therefore, we propose a through-going fluvial system (referred to here as the “Coast Mountains River”) that was routed from the Coast Mountains batholith to the Gulf of Mexico. This expands the previously defined paleo-Mississippi drainage basin area by an estimated 280,000 km2. Our comprehensive Hf isotopic compilation of the North American Cordilleran magmatic arc also provides a benchmark εHf(t) versus U-Pb age plot, which can be used to determine provenance of detrital zircons (85–50 Ma) at the scale of specific region(s) within the Cordillera based on their εHf(t) values.
Epidemiological status quo of hypertension in elderly population in Changchun, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ren Yaxuan , Shi Jikang , Qiao Yichun , Gu Yulu , Li Yong , Liu Yunkai , Cheng Yi , Liu Yawen 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the epidemiological status quo of hypertension in elderly population in Changchun, China, and provide a reference for the prevention and control strategies of hypertension of elderly population in this region.DesignA cross-sectional study, as a part of a comprehensive project in Northeast China, was designed to perform in 10 districts in Changchun.Participants and settingA total of 6846 participants who were ≥60 years old were selected using a random sampling method.Main outcome measuresThe epidemiological status quo of hypertension.ResultsThe prevalence of hypertension in Changchun was 52.6%. Among participants with hypertension enrolled in this study, 87.6% of the participants had been diagnosed with hypertension before the study, 69.1% was taking antihypertensive medications and 66.9% had effective blood pressure control. Obesity, widower/widow, history of diseases and family history of hypertension were risk factors of hypertension (all p<0.05). Participants with obesity, a personal history of heart coronary disease, or a family history of hypertension were susceptible to realising risks of hypertension (all p<0.05). However, participants with diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, or a family history of hypertension were difficult to control blood pressure within the normal range (all p<0.05). In addition, 92.6% participants taking antihypertensive medications used a single medication, and calcium channel blockers was the most commonly used antihypertensive medications in monotherapy.ConclusionThe rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension are greater in Changchun than those in China, indicating that the prevention and control of hypertension in Changchun are effective. However, the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly population in China is lower than that in Changchun, also rendering Changchun a substantial challenge for the supervision of hypertension.
Efficacy of the Gelstix nucleus augmentation device for the treatment of chronic discogenic low back pain: protocol for a randomised, sham-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial
Authors: Koetsier Eva , van Kuijk Sander M J , Maino Paolo , Dukanac Jasmina , Scascighini Luca , Cianfoni Alessandro , Scarone Pietro , Kuhlen Dominique E , Hollman Markus W , Kallewaard Jan-Willem 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionDiscogenic pain is the cause of pain in 26%–40% of patients with for low back pain. Consensus about treatment of chronic discogenic low back pain is lacking and most treatment alternatives are supported by limited evidence. The percutaneous implantation of hydrogels into the nucleus pulposus represents a promising regenerative intradiscal therapy. The hydrogel ‘GelStix’ is composed primarily of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile and acts as a reservoir of hydration, producing increased pressure and improved pH balance, potentially leading to disc preservation. We hypothesise that treatment with GelStix will lead to greater reduction in pain intensity at 6 months post-treatment compared with patients receiving sham treatment.Methods and analysisThis is a parallel group, randomised sham-controlled double-blind, multicentre trial to assess whether the GelStix device is superior to sham in reducing pain intensity in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain. The study will be conducted in two regional hospitals in Europe. Seventy-two participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome will be the change in pain intensity between preoperative baseline and at 6 months postintervention. Secondary outcomes were disability, quality of life, the patient’s global impression of change scale, the use of pain medication and the disc degeneration process assessed by means of MRI. For change in pain intensity, disability, health-related quality of life and disc height, mean values will be compared between groups using linear regression analysis, adjusted for treatment centre.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Canton Ticino, Switzerland (CE2982) and by the Medical Ethical Committee Arnhem-Nijmegen, the Netherlands (2016-2944). All patients that agree to participate will be asked to sign an informed consent form. Results will be disseminated through international publications in peer-reviewed journals, in addition to international conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT02763956.Protocol version7.1, 18 November 2020.
Validation of type 2 diabetes subgroups by simple clinical parameters: a retrospective cohort study of NHANES data from 1999 to 2014
Authors: Xie Jing , Shao Hua , Shan Tao , Jing Shenqi , Shi Yaxiang , Wang Junjie , Hu Jie , Li Yong , Huang Ruochen , Liu Naifeng , Liu Yun 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo verify whether a simplified method based on age, body mass index (BMI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is feasible in classifying patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and evaluate the predictive ability of subgroups in several health and mortality outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 cycle.ParticipantsA total of 1960 participants with diabetes and the age at diagnosis greater than 30.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants with T2D were assigned to previously defined (by Ahlqvist) subgroups based on five variables: age, BMI, HbA1c, homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA) 2 estimates of β-cell function (HOMA2-B), and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), and on three variables: age, BMI and HbA1c. The classification performances of the three variables were evaluated based on 10-fold cross validation, with accuracy, precision and recall as evaluation criteria. Outcomes were assessed using logistic regression and Cox regression analysis.ResultsWithout HOMA measurements, it is difficult to identify severe insulin-resistant diabetes, but other subgroups can be ideally identified. There is no significant difference between the five variables and the three variables in the ability to predict the prevalence of poor cardiovascular health (CVH), chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced liver fibrosis, and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer-related mortality (p>0.05), except the prevalence of poor CVH in mild age-related diabetes (p<0.05).ConclusionsA simple classification based on age, BMI and HbA1c could be used to identify T2D with several health and mortality risks, which is accessible in most individuals with T2D. Due to its simplicity and practicality, more patients with T2D can benefit from subgroup specific treatment paradigms.