bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assess the Sulphur Fractions in Soil as Affected by Soil Test Based Nutrient Application
Authors: Maya . , Kulhare P. S. , Upadhyay A. K. , Panthi Pooja , Yadav Indra Raj 
Published: April 2022

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif, 2019 at research field of Department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, JKKVV, M. P. India. Assess the sulphur fractions in soil as affected by soil test based nutrient application. The experiment was laid out in RBD with six treatments with four replications. The treatment schedule was having Control, General Recommended Dose (120-60-40), Targeted yield of 50 q ha-1 (138-65-60), Targeted Yield of 60 q ha-1 (178-86-79), Targeted Yield of 50 q + 5 t FYM ha-1 (134-50-57) and Targeted Yield of 60 q + 5 t FYM ha-1 (174-71-76) respectively. The result of this study showed that relationship between N, P, K and FYM used in soil increased the available S, water soluble S, organic S and total S in the soil. The increase of S fractions with the application of NPK might due to synergistic effect of N-S, P-S Or K-S in the soil. The application of NPK nutrients for T.Y.60q (174-71-76) + 5 t FYM resulted maximum available S (19.94 kg ha-1), water soluble S (16.96 kg ha-1), heat soluble S (25.17 kg ha-1), organic S (44.28 kg ha-1) and total S of (112.72 kg ha-1) which were significantly higher to General recommended dose for available, water soluble, heat soluble, organic, total S fraction in post-harvest soil.
Effect of Zinc Levels and Plant Geometry on Growth and Yield of Kharif Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L.)
Authors: Krishna Chukkala Hari , Dawson Joy 
Published: April 2022

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season (2021) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.) to assess the response of finger millet on spacing and zinc levels on growth and yield. Soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture. Treatments consisted of T1- Zn @ 2kg/ha + 30 cm x 10 cm, T2- Zn @ 2kg/ha + 20 cm x 10 cm, T3- Zn @ 2kg/ha + 40 cm x 10 cm, T4- Zn @ 4kg/ha + 30 cm x 10 cm, T5- Zn @ 4kg/ha + 20 cm x 10 cm, T6- Zn @ 4kg/ha + 40 cm x 10 cm, T7- Zn @ 6kg/ha + 30 cm x 10 cm, T8- Zn @ 6kg/ha + 20 cm x 10 cm, T9- Zn @ 6kg/ha + 40 cm x 10 cm. An experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, with 9 treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that maximum plant height (95.49 cm), numbers of tillers per plant (9.86), plant dry weight (21.98 g/plant), effective tillers per m2(466.66), test weight (4.5 g) and number of fingers per plant (7.1), grain yield (3.23 t/ha) and straw yield (4.30 t/ha) was significantly influenced with application zinc 6 kg/ha and crop sown at spacing 30x10 cm. It can be concluded that zinc 6 kg/ha + spacing 30x10 cm was found to be more productive.
Research Review of Coordinate Measuring Machines
Authors: Zhang Bin , Xu Shukai , Jin Xiangjie 
Published: April 2022

The fourth industrial revolution driven by digitalization, networking and intelligence has put forward new requirements for Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs). Two important development directions of Coordinate Measuring Machines are reviewed and analyzed in this paper. The first is the study of error compensation of Coordinate Measuring Machines, which includes the study of dynamic and static error and the study of dynamic error compensation technology. Dynamic error compensation is particularly important in high-speed measurement. And how to ensure measurement accuracy in high-speed measurement is an important direction for the development of Coordinate Measuring Machines. The second is about the intelligence of Coordinate Measuring Machines which includes CAD/CMM integration, independent decision-making, inspection planning, collision prevention and position recognition of the measured workpiece.
Beam commissioning of the first clinical biology‐guided radiotherapy system
Authors: Han Bin , Capaldi Dante , Kovalchuk Nataliya , Simiele Eric , White John , Zaks Daniel , Xing Lei , Surucu Murat 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study reports the beam commissioning results for the first clinical RefleXion Linac.Methods: The X1 produces a 6 MV photon beam and the maximum clinical field size is 40 × 2 cm2 at source‐to‐axis distance of 85 cm. Treatment fields are collimated by a binary multileaf collimator (MLC) system with 64 leaves with width of 0.625 cm and y‐jaw pairs to provide either a 1 or 2 cm opening. The mechanical alignment of the radiation source, the y‐jaw, and MLC were checked with film and ion chambers. The beam parameters were characterized using a diode detector in a compact water tank. In‐air lateral profiles and in‐water percentage depth dose (PDD) were measured for beam modeling of the treatment planning system (TPS). The lateral profiles, PDDs, and output factors were acquired for field sizes from 1.25 × 1 to 40 × 2 cm2 field to verify the beam modeling. The rotational output variation and synchronicity were tested to check the gantry angle, couch motion, and gantry rotation.Results: The source misalignments were 0.049 mm in y‐direction, 0.66% out‐of‐focus in x‐direction. The divergence of the beam axis was 0.36 mm with a y‐jaw twist of 0.03°. Clinical off‐axis treatment fields shared a common center in y‐direction were within 0.03 mm. The MLC misalignment and twist were 0.57 mm and 0.15°. For all measured fields ranging from the size from 1.25 × 1 to 40 × 2 cm2, the mean difference between measured and TPS modeled PDD at 10 cm depth was −0.3%. The mean transverse profile difference in the field core was −0.3% ± 1.1%. The full‐width half maximum (FWHM) modeling was within 0.5 mm. The measured output factors agreed with TPS within 0.8%.Conclusions: This study summarizes our specific experience commissioning the first novel RefleXion linac, which may assist future users of this technology when implementing it into their own clinics.
Characterization of positioning uncertainties in PET‐CT‐MR trimodality solutions for radiotherapy
Authors: Hinault Pauline , Gardin Isabelle , Gouel Pierrick , Decazes Pierre , Thureau Sebastien , Veresezan Ovidiu , Souchay Henri , Vera Pierre , Gensanne David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the positioning uncertainties of two PET/CT‐MR imaging setups, C1 and C2. Because the PET/CT data were acquired on the same hybrid device with automatic image registration, experiments were conducted using CT‐MRI data. In C1, a transfer table was used, which allowed the patient to move from one imager to another while maintaining the same position. In C2, the patient stood up and was positioned in the same radiotherapy treatment position on each imager. The two setups provided a set of PET/CT and MR images. The accuracy of the registration software was evaluated on the CT‐MRI data of one patient using known translations and rotations of MRI data. The uncertainties on the two setups were estimated using a phantom and a cohort of 30 patients. The accuracy of the positioning uncertainties was evaluated using descriptive statistics and a t‐test to determine whether the mean shift significantly deviated from zero (p < 0.05) for each setup. The maximum registration errors were less than 0.97 mm and 0.6° for CT‐MRI registration. On the phantom, the mean total uncertainties were less than 2.74 mm and 1.68° for C1 and 1.53 mm and 0.33° for C2. For C1, the t‐test showed that the displacements along the z‐axis did not significantly deviate from zero (p = 0.093). For C2, significant deviations from zero were present for anterior‐posterior and superior‐inferior displacements. The mean total uncertainties were less than 4 mm and 0.42° for C1 and less than 1.39 mm and 0.27° for C2 in the patients. Furthermore, the t‐test showed significant deviations from zero for C1 on the anterior‐posterior and roll sides. For C2, there was a significant deviation from zero for the left‐right displacements.This study shows that transfer tables require careful evaluation before use in radiotherapy.
Benchmarking of Cph1 Mutants and DrBphP for Light‐Responsive Phytochrome‐Based Hydrogels with Reversibly Adjustable Mechanical Properties
Authors: Emig Ramona , Hoess Philipp , Cai Hanyang , Kohl Peter , Peyronnet Rémi , Weber Wilfried , Hörner Maximilian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the rapidly expanding field of molecular optogenetics, the performance of the engineered systems relies on the switching properties of the underlying genetically encoded photoreceptors. In this study, the bacterial phytochromes Cph1 and DrBphP are engineered, recombinantly produced in Escherichia coli, and characterized regarding their switching properties in order to synthesize biohybrid hydrogels with increased light‐responsive stiffness modulations. The R472A mutant of the cyanobacterial phytochrome 1 (Cph1) is identified to confer the phytochrome‐based hydrogels with an increased dynamic range for the storage modulus but a different light‐response for the loss modulus compared to the original Cph1‐based hydrogel. Stiffness measurements of human atrial fibroblasts grown on these hydrogels suggest that differences in the loss modulus at comparable changes in the storage modulus affect cell stiffness and thus underline the importance of matrix viscoelasticity on cellular mechanotransduction. The hydrogels presented here are of interest for analyzing how mammalian cells respond to dynamic viscoelastic cues. Moreover, the Cph1‐R472A mutant, as well as the benchmarking of the other phytochrome variants, are expected to foster the development and performance of future optogenetic systems.
Modulation of the Crosstalk between Schwann Cells and Macrophages for Nerve Regeneration: A Therapeutic Strategy Based on a Multifunctional Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids System
Authors: Li Jiajie , Yao Yangxue , Wang Yun , Xu Jiangshan , Zhao Dan , Liu Mengting , Shi Sirong , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) is currently recognized as one of the most significant public health issues and affects the general well‐being of millions of individuals worldwide. Despite advances in nerve tissue engineering, nerve repair still cannot guarantee complete functional recovery. In the present study, an innovative approach is adopted to establish a multifunctional tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) system, denoted as MiDs, which can integrate the powerful programmability, permeability, and structural stability of tFNAs, with the nerve regeneration potential of microRNA‐22 to enhance the communication between Schwann cells (SCs) and macrophages for more effective functional rehabilitation of peripheral nerves. Relevant results demonstrate that MiDs can amplify the ability of SCs to recruit macrophages and facilitate their polarization into the pro‐healing M2 phenotype to reconstruct the post‐injury microenvironment. Furthermore, MiDs can initiate the adaptive intracellular reprogramming of SCs within a short period to further promote axon regeneration and remyelination. MiDs represent a new possibility for enhancing nerve repair and may have critical clinical applications in the future.
Activating the Basal Planes in 2H‐MoTe2 Monolayers by Incorporating Single‐Atom Dispersed N or P for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Xiao Zihao , Gan Xiaorong , Zhu Tianhao , Lei Dangyuan , Zhao Huimin , Wang Peifang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDesigning stable, low‐cost yet highly active electrocatalysts is crucial for overall water splitting, representing a promising approach for clean energy generation. In this work, periodic density functional theory calculations are applied to investigate, for the first time, the possibility of activating the inert basal surfaces of 2H‐MoTe2 monolayers by N‐ or P‐doping for overall electrocatalytic water splitting. The results show that both N‐ and P‐doping significantly change the surface charge distribution and electronic band structure of 2H‐MoTe2. In addition, the doping‐induced structural disorder generates more active sites, leading to improved electrochemical activities for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER). Especially, N‐doped 2H‐MoTe2 (4 × 4 × 1) exhibits a better OER catalytic performance with a small overpotential of 1.82 eV (vs normal hydrogen electrode), while both N‐ and P‐doped MoTe2 monolayers exhibit outstanding HER catalytic performance with a Gibbs free energy of the hydrogen adsorption ( for N‐doped MoTe2 and for P‐doped MoTe2) smaller than that of pristine 2H‐MoTe2 (). The study provides an effective strategy for regulating the electroactivity of layered transition metal dichalcogenides for enhanced overall water splitting.
Recent Advances in Layered Metal‐Oxide Cathodes for Application in Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Nathan Muthu Gnana Theresa , Yu Hakgyoon , Kim Guk‐Tae , Kim Jin‐Hee , Cho Jung Sang , Kim Jeha , Kim Jae‐Kwang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo meet future energy demands, currently, dominant lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) must be supported by abundant and cost‐effective alternative battery materials. Potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are promising alternatives to LIBs because KIB materials are abundant and because KIBs exhibit intercalation chemistry like LIBs and comparable energy densities. In pursuit of superior batteries, designing and developing highly efficient electrode materials are indispensable for meeting the requirements of large‐scale energy storage applications. Despite using graphite anodes in KIBs instead of in sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs), developing suitable KIB cathodes is extremely challenging and has attracted considerable research attention. Among the various cathode materials, layered metal oxides have attracted considerable interest owing to their tunable stoichiometry, high specific capacity, and structural stability. Therefore, the recent progress in layered metal‐oxide cathodes is comprehensively reviewed for application to KIBs and the fundamental material design, classification, phase transitions, preparation techniques, and corresponding electrochemical performance of KIBs are presented. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with developing layered oxide cathode materials are presented for practical application to KIBs.
Tailoring Intermolecular Interactions Towards High‐Performance Thermoelectric Ionogels at Low Humidity
Authors: Zhao Wei , Sun Tingting , Zheng Yiwei , Zhang Qihao , Huang Aibin , Wang Lianjun , Jiang Wan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDevelopment of ionic thermoelectric (iTE) materials is of immense interest for efficient heat‐to‐electricity conversion due to their giant ionic Seebeck coefficient (Si), but challenges remain in terms of relatively small Si at low humidity, poor stretchability, and ambiguous interaction mechanism in ionogels. Herein, a novel ionogel is reported consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethylene oxide‐polypropylene oxide‐polyethylene oxide (P123), and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate (Emim:OAC). By delicately designing the interactions between ions and polymers, the migration of anions is restricted due to their strong binding with the hydroxyl groups of polymers, while the transport of cations is facilitated through segmental motions due to the increased amorphous regions, thereby leading to enlarged diffusion difference between the cations and anions. Moreover, the plasticizing effect of P123 and Emim:OAC can increase the elongation at break. As a consequence, the ionogel exhibits excellent properties including high Si (18 mV K−1 at relative humidity of 60%), good ionic conductivity (1.1 mS cm−1), superior stretchability (787%), and high stability (over 80% retention after 600 h). These findings show a promising strategy to obtain multifunctional iTE materials by engineering the intermolecular interactions and demonstrate the great potential of ionogels for harvesting low‐grade heat in human‐comfortable humidity environments.
Patterns of community violence exposure among urban adolescents and their associations with adjustment
Authors: Pittman Sarah K. , Farrell Albert D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCommunity violence exposure is prevalent among urban and marginalized adolescents. Although there is strong evidence that community violence exposure is associated with negative consequences, prior studies and theories suggest that these associations may differ as a function of specific characteristics of exposure. This study identified patterns of community violence exposure that differed in form (witnessing vs. victimization), familiarity with the victim, and severity, and in their associations with adolescents' frequency of physical aggression and anxiety symptoms. Participants were 681 eighth‐grade adolescents (58% female, 95% African American). Latent class analysis identified five subgroups who reported distinct patterns of violence exposure: limited exposure; witnessed less severe violence, not victimized; witnessed severe violence, not victimized; witnessed less severe violence, some victimization; and high violence exposure. The witnessed less severe, some victimization, and high violence exposure subgroups reported the highest frequency of physical aggression and levels of anxiety compared with all other subgroups. The limited exposure subgroup reported the lowest frequencies of physical aggression. The findings suggest that the form of exposure (witnessing or victimization) is an important distinction in examining associations with adolescent adjustment. Limited support was found for differences related to familiarity with the victim and severity of violence.
Safe and selective anticancer agents from tetrafluorinated azobenzene‐imidazolium ionic liquids: Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxic effects
Authors: Babamale Halimah F. , Khor Boon‐Keat , Chear Nelson Jeng‐Yeou , Yam Wan Sinn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA new series of tetrafluorinated azobenzene‐imidazolium salts is reported. The azobenzene and imidazolium moieties were functionalized with long alkyl chains and connected via a methylene spacer of varying lengths (n = 3–12). They were characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and elemental microanalysis. The cytotoxic potential of these ionic dimers against neuroblastoma (SHSY‐5Y), estrogen‐positive breast cancer cells (MCF‐7), triple‐negative breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and human skin fibroblasts (Hs27) was evaluated using the MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of these ionic liquids (ILs) was dependent on the spacer length. A cut‐off effect was observed, wherein the cytotoxicity of the ILs was enhanced by increasing the nonpolar, hydrophobic spacer length up to a threshold and the potency was leveled off upon chain elongation. All ILs exhibited selective and remarkable inhibition potentials against HeLa cells in a dose‐dependent manner, which was 2–22 times stronger than that of etoposide, a clinical anticancer drug. These ILs were less toxic toward skin fibroblasts as implied by much higher IC50 values. The long‐spacer ILs (n = 7–10) were very selective toward HeLa cells. They had a broad safety window with selectivity indices ranging between 5.6 and 11.0. The selectivity of these compounds toward HeLa cells may serve as a new strategy for the design and development of safe and effective chemotherapeutics.
Leveraging risk and data analytics for sustainable management of buried water infrastructure
Authors: Ganjidoost Amin , Vladeanu Greta , Daly Craig Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA proactive and sustainable asset management program is vital for utilities to maintain their capital assets at the required level of service, while ensuring that adequate funds are available for intervening when needed on their riskiest assets. One of the most popular methods for building such programs is by prioritizing capital investments based on the asset's risk of failure, which evaluates its likelihood or probability of failure and impact, or consequence of failure. This paper presents the application of a financial planning analysis using system dynamics to provide insights into quantifying more practical risk avoidance. This is exemplified through a 5‐year budgetary planning scenario analysis for a large‐sized US water utility to help the utility best plan for short and long‐term capital operations and show the value of a data‐driven and risk‐based decision‐making.
Levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells inversely correlate with manic and positive symptom severity in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Liou Ying‐Jay , Chen Mu‐Hong , Hsu Ju‐Wei , Huang Kai‐Lin , Huang Po‐Hsun , Bai Ya‐Mei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesPatients with bipolar disorder (BPD) are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that are attributed to endothelial dysfunction. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are proposed as indicators of endothelial dysfunction. This study examined the relationship of cEPC numbers with BPD diagnosis and its clinical symptoms in patients with BPD.MethodsWe recruited 48 patients with BPD and 50 healthy controls (HCs). All the patients had scores of <13 on the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). In addition to the YMRS and Clinical Global Impression for BPD (CGI‐BP), bipolar patients were assessed using relevant measurements for their depression, anxiety, general psychopathology, cognitive dysfunction and deficit, somatic symptoms, quality of life, and level of disability. cEPC counts were measured using flow cytometry.ResultsThe numbers of immature and mature cEPCs in the bipolar patients did not significantly differ from those in the HCs. After correction for multiple comparisons and controlling for body mass index and smokers, the number of immature cEPCs was observed to be inversely correlated with CGI‐BP (corrected p [pcorr] = .00018) and positive scores in the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS‐P; pcorr = .0049). The number of mature cEPCs was inversely correlated with YMRS (pcorr = .014), CGI‐BP (pcorr = .00022), and PANSS‐P (pcorr = .0049) scores. In multivariate stepwise analysis, numbers of both types of cEPCs were associated with CGI‐BP.ConclusionscEPC levels, an indicator of endothelial dysfunction and risk of CVDs, may be associated manic and positive symptom severities in patients with BPD.
An interval‐valued composite indicator for energy efficiency and green entrepreneurship
Authors: Drago Carlo , Gatto Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPromoting energy‐efficient technologies can support green entrepreneurship via innovation creation. Energy efficiency policies and practices can promote cleaner productions and consumptions and environmental‐friendly lifestyles in light of green growth goals. The foreseen strategy is twofold: it entails fostering energy‐efficient technologies and supporting sustainable entrepreneurship. The work aims to measure energy efficiency by consistently constructing a new interval‐based composite indicator using the World Bank's RISE database. The methodological approach employed is based on a Monte‐Carlo simulation and offers the advantage of internalizing the variation of its outputs. Examining the sorting ranking, we find a positive relationship between energy efficiency and entrepreneurship by identifying some countries exhibiting high density in these two variables—e.g. Australia and the United Kingdom. We scrutinize innovative perspectives and propose policy recommendations projecting speculative scenarios based on different governance strategies to support sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems. The prospects are worthy for depicting key industrial environmental strategies.