bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RiceSTOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE2regulates cell expansion by affecting vesicular trafficking in rice
Authors: Wang Fan , Cheng Zhijun , Wang Jiachang , Zhang Feng , Zhang Baocai , Luo Sheng , Lei Cailin , Pan Tian , Wang Yongfei , Zhu Yun , Wang Min , Chen Weiwei , Lin Qibing , Zhu Shanshan , Zhou Yihua , Zhao Zhichao , Wang Jie , Guo Xiuping , Zhang Xin , Jiang Ling , Bao Yiqun , Ren Yulong , Wan Jianmin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVesicular trafficking plays critical roles in cell expansion in yeast and mammals, but information linking vesicular trafficking and cell expansion in plants is limited. Here, we isolated and characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, decreased plant height 1-1 (dph1-1), which exhibited a wide spectrum of developmental phenotypes, including reduced plant height and smaller panicles and grains. Cytological analysis revealed that limited cell expansion was responsible for the dph1-1 mutant phenotype compared to the wild-type. Map-based cloning revealed that DPH1 encodes a plant-specific protein, OsSCD2, which is homologous to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE2 (SCD2). Subcellular localization revealed that OsSCD2 is associated with clathrin. Confocal microscopy showed that the dph1-1 mutant has defective endocytosis and post-Golgi trafficking. Biochemical and confocal data indicated that OsSCD2 physically interacts with OsSCD1 and that they are associated with intracellular structures that colocalize with microtubules. Furthermore, we found that cellulose synthesis was affected in the dph1-1 mutant, evidenced by reduced cellulose synthase gene accumulation at the transcript and protein levels, most likely resulting from an impaired localization pattern. Our results suggest that OsSCD2 is involved in clathrin-related vesicular trafficking with an important role in maintaining plant growth in rice.
Patient preferences for the treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Bruni Cosimo , Heidenreich Sebastian , Duenas Ashley , Hoffmann-Vold Anna-Maria , Gabrielli Armando , Allanore Yannick , Chatelus Emmanuel , Distler Jörg H W , Hachulla Eric , Hsu Vivien M , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Khanna Dinesh , Truchetet Marie-Elise , Walker Ulrich A , Alves Margarida , Schoof Nils , Saketkoo Lesley Ann , Distler Oliver 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Treatments for SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) differ in attributes, i.e. mode of administration, adverse events (AEs) and efficacy. As physicians and patients may perceive treatments differently, shared decision-making can be essential for optimal treatment provision. We therefore aimed to quantify patient preferences for different treatment attributes.

Methods
Seven SSc-ILD attributes were identified from mixed-methods research and clinician input: mode of administration, shortness of breath, skin tightness, cough, tiredness, risk of gastrointestinal AEs (GI-AEs) and risk of serious and non-serious infections. Patients with SSc-ILD completed an online discrete choice experiment (DCE) in which they were asked to repeatedly choose between two alternatives characterized by varying severity levels of the included attributes. The data were analysed using a multinomial logit model; relative attribute importance and maximum acceptable risk measures were calculated.

Results
Overall, 231 patients with SSc-ILD completed the DCE. Patients preferred twice-daily oral treatments and 6–12 monthly infusions. Patients’ choices were mostly influenced by the risk of GI-AEs or infections. Improvement was more important in respiratory symptoms than in skin tightness. Concerning trade-offs, patients accepted different levels of increase in GI-AE risk: +21% if it reduced the infusions’ frequency; +15% if changing to an oral treatment; up to +37% if it improved breathlessness; and up to +36% if it reduced the risk of infections.

Conclusions
This is the first study to quantitatively elicit patients’ preferences for treatment attributes in SSc-ILD. Patients showed willingness to make trade-offs, providing a firm basis for shared decision-making in clinical practice.
Comparison of the toxic effects of organic and inorganic arsenic in Caenorhabditis elegans using a multigenerational approach
Authors: Müller Larissa , Soares Gabriela Corrêa , Josende Marcelo Estrella , Monserrat José Maria , Ventura-Lima Juliane 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although arsenic (As) is a persistent contaminant in the environment, few studies have assessed its effects over generations, as it requires an animal model with a short lifespan and rapid development, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated the effects of As metabolites such as dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV), and several authors have considered DMA as a moderately toxic intermediate of As, although recent studies have shown that this chemical form can be more toxic than inorganic arsenic (iAs) even at low concentrations. In the present study, we compared the toxic effects of arsenate (AsV) and DMAV in C. elegans over 5 subsequent generations. We evaluated biochemical parameters such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, the activity of antioxidant defense system (ADS) enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and nonenzymatic components of ADS such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and protein-sulfhydryl groups (P-SH). Exposure to 50 μg L−1 of AsV led to an increase in ROS generation and GSH levels together with a decrease in GST activity, while exposure to DMAV led to an increase in ROS levels, with an increase in lipid peroxidation, CAT activity, and a decrease in GSH levels. In addition, both treatments reduced animal growth from the third generation onward and caused disturbances in their reproduction throughout all 5 generations. This study shows that the accumulated effects of DMA need to be considered; it highlights the importance of this type of multigenerational approach for evaluating the effects of organic contaminants considered low or nontoxic.
Radon-222 Brain Dosimetry
Authors: Harley Naomi H. , Robbins Edith S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The human brain dose from radon-222 (222Rn) exposure is calculated here using 222Rn tissue solubility data. A fraction of 222Rn inhaled dissolves in blood and cellular fluids and circulates to brain and all organs. Radon-222 has a relatively high solubility in blood and body fluids based on human inhalation experiments. The brain dose uses calculated concentrations of 222Rn in blood and cellular fluids from exhaled breath measurements following human exposure in a 222Rn chamber. The annual brain dose from continuous inhalation of a concentration of 100 Bq m−3 is about 450 times less than the dose to bronchial epithelium from inhalation of the same 222Rn concentration. Based on the 222Rn dosimetry here, it is highly unlikely that brain cancer is related to even high 222Rn exposures. Any functional or neurodegenerative issues from exposure to very small doses of 222Rn alpha particles are, at present, unknown.
Improving the Discharge Experience of Hospital Patients Through Standard Tools and Methods of Education
Authors: Thum Andrew , Ackermann Lily , Edger Mary Beth , Riggio Jeffrey 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Discharge education is essential to patient health and care coordination. Patient satisfaction with discharge education reveals a hospital's ability to provide reliable, quality experiences that engage and prepare patients for recovery in the community. The purpose of this study was to examine and improve patient satisfaction with discharge preparation by providing timely, standardized methods of educating patients about their medical condition, discharge needs, and follow-up care. This project provided nursing and the care team with training in effective techniques such as the teach-back method as well as new tools like a discharge folder to be successful. Provider workflows were redesigned, and the discharge education document was changed to ensure appropriate information was provided to patients. Patient perspective and satisfaction with their degree of preparedness for discharge were measured using the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. After intervention, an improvement in the HCAHPS survey top box percent score for the domains of Care Transitions, 52.41%–54.49% (p < .0001) and Discharge Information, 87.38–90.12% (p < .0001), was noted. Increasing scores for HCAHPS questions pertinent to discharge suggest the intervention improved patient satisfaction with discharge information and preparation for recovery outside the hospital.
Fluidized Positioner to Prevent Occipital Pressure Injury
Authors: Byfield Donna 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine if head immobilization, pressure redistribution for the occiput, and offloading of pressure from craniotomy incisions could be improved by utilizing fluidized positioners instead of pillows previously used as the standard of care. The second purpose was to determine cost savings for the organization.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:
Eight patients with head trauma and craniotomy in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU) and cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) from a level 1 trauma center in the Southeast region of the United States participated over a 6-month period.

APPROACH:
The project comprised educating staff including nurses, nursing assistants, supervisors, and care managers, and implementation of the head positioner from July 2018 to December 2018. Staff from the SICU and CVICU, a step-down unit, and a neurological ICU were also educated on the fluidized positioner, because patients were transferred to these units when stable. All patients who underwent craniotomy surgery were placed on the fluidized positioner postoperatively until immobilization and offloading were no longer required.

OUTCOME:
During the initial 6-month evaluation period, no new pressure injuries or incisional trauma occurred in the 8 patients. The economic impact to treat one hospital-acquired unstageable pressure injury was estimated at $78,722. Because no new occipital pressure injuries occurred in the 8 patients placed on the fluidized head positioner, the hospital potentially saved $629,776.

IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE:
Findings from the project suggest that implementation of a fluidized positioner can redistribute pressure to the occiput, offload craniotomy incision sites, and prevent pressure injuries.
BA.2 evasion of vaccine induced binding and functional non-neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Bartsch Yannic C , Cizmeci Deniz , Kang Jaewon , Gao Hailong , Shi Wei , Chandrashekar Abishek , Collier Ai-ris Y , Chen Bing , Barouch Dan H , Alter Galit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe number of mutations in the omicron (B1.1.529) BA.1 variant of concern (VOC) led to an unprecedented evasion of vaccine induced immunity. However, despite the remarkable rise in global infections, severe disease and death did not increase proportionally, linked to persistent recognition of BA.1 by T cells and non-neutralizing opsonophagocytic antibodies. Yet, the emergence of a new sublineage, BA.2, that is more transmissible compared to BA.1, despite relatively preserved neutralizing antibody responses, has raised the possibility that BA.2 may evade other vaccine induced responses that may be key to protection against infection and disease. Here we comprehensively profiled the BNT162b2 vaccine induced response to several VOCs including the omicron BA.1 and BA.2, after the primary vaccine series, 8 months following vaccination, and after a boost. While vaccine induced immune responses were compromised against both Omicron sublineages, vaccine induced antibody isotype titers, FcγR3a- and FcγR3b-receptor binding levels, and non-neutralizing opsonophagocytic functions were significantly attenuated to the omicron BA.2 Spike compared to the BA.1 lineage. Conversely, FcγR2a and FcγR2b binding was elevated to BA.2 potentially contributing to persistent protection against severity of disease. These data point to an attenuation of particular non-neutralizing antibody properties that may be key to protection against transmission, but the maintenance of others that may continue to confer protection against disease.
Memory Consolidation with Orthogonal Gradients for avoiding Catastrophic Forgetting
Authors: Kanagamani Tamizharasan , Krishnamurthy Rupak , Chakravarthy V. Srinivasa , Ravindran Balaraman , Menon Ramshekhar N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe memory consolidation process enables the accumulation of recent and remote memories in the long-term memory store. In general, the deep network models of memory suffer from forgetting old information while learning new information, called catastrophic forgetting/interference. The human brain overcomes this problem quite effectively, a problem that continues to challenge current deep neural network models.We propose a regularization-based model to solve the problem of catastrophic forgetting. According to the proposed training mechanism, the network parameters are constrained to vary in a direction orthogonal to the average of the error gradients corresponding to the previous tasks. We also ensure that the constraint used in parameter updating satisfies the locality principle.The proposed model’s performance is compared with Elastic Weight Consolidation on standard datasets such as permuted MNIST and split MNIST on classification tasks using fully connected networks, and Convolution-based networks. The model performance is also compared to an autoencoder on split MNIST dataset, and to complex core50 dataset on two types of classification tasks with EWC.The proposed model gives a new view on plasticity at the neuronal level. In the proposed model, the parameter updating is controlled by the neuronal level plasticity rather than synapse level plasticity as in other standard models. The biological plausibility of the proposed model is discussed by linking the extra parameters to synaptic tagging, which represents the state of the synapse involved in Long Term Potentiation (LTP).
Fast and functionally specific cortical thickness changes induced by visual stimulation
Authors: Zaretskaya Natalia , Fink Erik , Arsenovic Ana , Ischebeck Anja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStructural characteristics of the human brain serve as important markers of brain development, aging, disease progression and neural plasticity. They are considered stable properties, changing slowly over time. Multiple recent studies reported that structural brain changes measured with MRI may occur much faster than previously thought, within hours or even minutes. The mechanisms behind such fast changes remain unclear, with hemodynamics as one possible explanation. Here we investigated the functional specificity of cortical thickness changes induced by a flickering checkerboard and compared the them to BOLD fMRI activity. We found that checkerboard stimulation led to a significant thickness increase, which was driven by an expansion at the gray-white matter boundary, functionally specific to V1, confined to the retinotopic representation of the checkerboard stimulus, and amounted to 1.3 % or 0.022 mm. Although functional specificity and the effect size of these changes were comparable to those of the BOLD signal in V1, thickness effects were substantially weaker in V3. Furthermore, a comparison of predicted and measured thickness changes for different stimulus timings suggested a slow increase of thickness over time, speaking against a hemodynamic explanation. Altogether, our findings suggest that visual stimulation can induce structural gray matter enlargement measurable with MRI.
Optimization of Neuroprosthetic Vision via End-to-end Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Küçükoğlu Burcu , Rueckauer Bodo , Ahmad Nasir , de Ruyter van Steveninck Jaap , Güçlü Umut , van Gerven Marcel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVisual neuroprostheses are a promising approach to restore basic sight in visually impaired people. A major challenge is to condense the sensory information contained in a complex environment into meaningful stimulation patterns at low spatial and temporal resolution. Previous approaches considered task-agnostic feature extractors such as edge detectors or semantic segmentation, which are likely suboptimal for specific tasks in complex dynamic environments. As an alternative approach, we propose to optimize stimulation patterns by end-to-end training of a feature extractor using deep reinforcement learning agents in virtual environments. We present a task-oriented evaluation framework to compare different stimulus generation mechanisms, such as static edge-based and adaptive end-to-end approaches like the one introduced here. Our experiments in Atari games show that stimulation patterns obtained via task-dependent end-to-end optimized reinforcement learning result in equivalent or improved performance compared to fixed feature extractors on high difficulty levels. These findings signify the relevance of adaptive reinforcement learning for neuroprosthetic vision in complex environments.
Efficient Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Other VOCs by a Broad Spectrum Antibody 8G3
Authors: Ma Hang , Tseng Chien-Te K. , Zong Huifang , Liao Yunji , Ke Yong , Tang Haoneng , Wang Lei , Wang Zhenyu , He Yang , Chang Yunsong , Wang Shusheng , Drelich Aleksandra , Hsu Jason , Tat Vivian , Yuan Yunsheng , Wu Mingyuan , Liu Junjun , Yue Yali , Xu Wenbo , Zhang Xiaoju , Wang Ziqi , Yang Li , Chen Hua , Bian Yanlin , Zhang Baohong , Yin Haiyang , Chen Yi , Zhang En , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Gilly John , Sun Tao , Han Lei , Xie Yueqing , Jiang Hua , Zhu Jianwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNumerous mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron variant pose a crisis for antibody-based immunotherapies. The efficacy of emergency use authorized (EUA) antibodies that developed in early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic seems to be in flounder. We tested the Omicron neutralization efficacy of an early B cell antibody repertoire as well as several EUA antibodies in pseudovirus and authentic virus systems. More than half of the antibodies in the repertoire that showed good activity against WA1/2020 previously had completely lost neutralizing activity against Omicron, while antibody 8G3 displayed non-regressive activity. EUA antibodies Etesevimab, Casirivimab, Imdevimab and Bamlanivimab were entirely desensitized by Omicron. Only Sotrovimab targeting the non-ACE2 overlap epitope showed a dramatic decrease activity. Antibody 8G3 efficiently neutralized Omicron in pseudovirus and authentic virus systems. The in vivo results showed that Omicron virus was less virulent than the WA1/2020 strain, but still caused deterioration of health and even death in mice. Treatment with 8G3 quickly cleared virus load of mice. Antibody 8G3 also showed excellent activity against other variants of concern (VOCs), especially more efficient against authentic Delta plus virus. Collectively, our results suggest that neutralizing antibodies with breadth remains broad neutralizing activity in tackling SARS-CoV-2 infection despite the universal evasion from EUA antibodies by Omicron variant.
Pan-cancer proteomic map of 949 human cell lines reveals principles of cancer vulnerabilities
Authors: Gonçalves Emanuel , Poulos Rebecca C , Cai Zhaoxiang , Barthorpe Syd , Manda Srikanth S , Lucas Natasha , Beck Alexandra , Bucio-Noble Daniel , Dausmann Michael , Hall Caitlin , Hecker Michael , Koh Jennifer , Mahboob Sadia , Mali Iman , Morris James , Richardson Laura , Seneviratne Akila J , Sykes Erin , Thomas Frances , Valentini Sara , Williams Steven G , Wu Yangxiu , Xavier Dylan , MacKenzie Karen L , Hains Peter G , Tully Brett , Robinson Phillip J , Zhong Qing , Garnett Mathew J , Reddel Roger R 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe proteome provides unique insights into biology and disease beyond the genome and transcriptome. Lack of large proteomic datasets has restricted identification of new cancer biomarkers. Here, proteomes of 949 cancer cell lines across 28 tissue types were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Deploying a clinically-relevant workflow to quantify 8,498 proteins, these data capture evidence of cell type and post-transcriptional modifications. Integrating multi-omics, drug response and CRISPR-Cas9 gene essentiality screens with a deep learning-based pipeline revealed thousands of protein-specific biomarkers of cancer vulnerabilities. Proteomic data had greater power to predict drug response than the equivalent portion of the transcriptome. Further, random downsampling to only 1,500 proteins had limited impact on predictive power, consistent with protein networks being highly connected and co-regulated. This pan-cancer proteomic map (ProCan-DepMapSanger), available at https://cellmodelpassports.sanger.ac.uk, is a comprehensive resource revealing principles of protein regulation with important implications for future clinical studies.
Real-world Effectiveness of Casirivimab and Imdevimab in Patients With COVID-19 in the Ambulatory Setting: An Analysis of Two Large US National Claims Databases
Authors: Wei Wenhui , Murdock Dana , Jalbert Jessica J. , Mastey Vera , Sanchez Robert J. , Hirshberg Boaz , Weinreich David M. , Hussein Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn a phase III clinical trial, casirivimab and imdevimab (CAS+IMD) reduced the composite endpoint of COVID-19-related hospitalizations or all-cause mortality in outpatients at risk of severe disease. This study assessed real-world effectiveness of CAS+IMD.MethodsData from Optum® Clinformatics® Data Mart (CDM) and IQVIA Pharmetrics Plus (PMTX+) were used to identify patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in ambulatory settings between December 2020 and March 2021 (PMTX+) and June 2021 (CDM), and either treated with CAS+IMD or untreated but treatment-eligible under Emergency Use Authorization. CAS+IMD-treated patients were matched to untreated patients and followed up to 30 days for the outcome of all-cause mortality or COVID-19-related hospitalizations (CDM) and COVID-19-related hospitalizations (PMTX+). Kaplan-Meier estimators were used to calculate outcome risks; Cox proportional-hazard models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsFor CDM, 1116 CAS+IMD-treated patients were matched to 5294 untreated patients; for PMTX+, 3280 CAS+IMD-treated patients were matched to 16,284 untreated patients. The 30-day outcome risk was 2.1% and 5.3% in treated and untreated cohorts, respectively (CDM), and the 30-day risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization was 1.9% and 4.8%, respectively (PMTX+); translating to a 61% lower adjusted outcome risk (CDM aHR 0.39 (95% CI 0.26–0.60; PMTX+ aHR 0.39 (95% CI 0.30–0.51). The benefit of treatment was maintained across multiple subgroups of high-risk patients; earlier intervention was associated with improved outcomes.ConclusionsThis real-world study further supports randomized clinical trial findings that treatment with CAS+IMD reduces the risk of hospitalization and mortality in patients infected with susceptible variants.