bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oligonucleotide usage in coronavirus genomes mimics that in exon regions in host genomes
Authors: Iwasaki Yuki , Abe Takashi , Ikemura Toshimichi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Viruses utilize various host factors for their growth, and efficient growth requires efficient utilization of these factors. Our previous study revealed that the occurrence frequency of oligonucleotides in the viral genome (e.g. the influenza virus genome) is distinctly different among derived hosts, and the frequency tends to adapt to the host cells in which they grow. We aimed to study the adaptation mechanisms of a zoonotic virus to host cells.
Methods
Herein, we compared the frequency of oligonucleotides in the coronavirus genome with those in the genomes of humans and bats, which are typical hosts of the virus.
Results
By comparing the oligonucleotide frequency in coronaviruses and their host genomes, we found a positive correlation between the frequency of coronaviruses and that of the exon regions of the host from which the virus is derived. To examine the characteristics of early-stage changes in the viral genome, which are assumed to accompany the host change from non-humans to humans, we compared the oligonucleotide frequency between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the beginning of the pandemic and the prevalent variants thereafter, and found changes towards the frequency of the host exon regions.
Conclusions
In coronaviruses, the genome oligonucleotide frequency is thought to change in response to the cellular environment in which the virus is replicating, and actually the frequency has approached the frequency in exon regions in the host.
A Hybrid Medical Image Denoising based on Block Matching 3D Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Annavarapu Ambika , Borra Surekha , Dinnepu Vijay Bhaskar  Reddy , Mishra Mankamana Prasad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To mitigate the noise effects without information loss at the edges of the radiological images, a well-designed preprocessing algorithm is required to assist the Radiologists. This paper proposes a hybrid adaptive preprocessing algorithm that utilizes a Rudin_Osher_Fatemi (R_O_F) model for edge detection, Richardson_Lucy (R_L) Algorithm for Image Enhancement, and Block Matching 3D Collaborative filtering for denoising of image. The performance of the proposed method is assessed and estimated on two realistic datasets, one on chest X-ray images and the another on MRI/CT images. The proposed hybrid system verifies the data reliability of Gaussian noise affected medical images. The simulation results shows that the proposed adaptive method attains a high value of Peak Signal-to-Noise ratio of 47.4433 dB for chest X-Ray and 46.8674 dB for MRI/CT datasets respectively at a standard deviation value of 2. Performance analysis of the proposed scheme is further carried out using various statistical parameters of Root Mean Square Error, Contrast – to – Noise ratio, Bhattacharya Coefficient and Edge Preservation Index. A comparative analysis on denoised image quality shows that the proposed system achieves better performance than several existing denoising methods.
Study on the expression and mechanism of Gab2 in ovarian cancer
Authors: YIN Yi , ZHANG Li , LI Yong , ZHANG Can , HE Aiqin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
To detect the expression of Growth factor binding protein 2 associated binding protein 2 (Gab2) and CT10 regulator of kinase II (CrkII) in ovarian cancer and analyze their clinical significance. To explore the effects of Gab2 and CrkII on the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells. To analyze the possible molecular mechanism of Gab2 in the development of ovarian cancer.
Methods
Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Gab2 and CrkII in ovarian cancer. Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation between Gab2, CrkII and clinical parameters. Using Cox regression model to evaluate the risk factors affecting the prognosis. To analyze the correlation between Gab2, CrkII and survival rate by Kaplan-Meier. Cell experiments were preformed to explore the effects of Gab2 and CrkII on the biological behavior of cells. The interaction between Gab2 and CrkII was explored by immunoprecipitation.
Results
Immunohistochemistry revealed that high expression of Gab2 and CrkII in ovarian cancer. Patients with high expression of Gab2 or CrkII had higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grade and platinum-resistance recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that Gab2 and CrkII were independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the higher Gab2 and CrkII were, the poor prognosis the patients had. We observed that the overexpression of Gab2 and CrkII promoted the proliferation, metastasis and reduced chemosensitivity of cells. Conversely, the knockdown of Gab2 and CrkII resulted in the opposite results. In CrkII-knockdown cells, we found that Gab2 mediates biological behavior through CrkII.
Conclusions
The expression of Gab2 and CrkII increase in ovarian cancer. The higher expression of Gab2 and CrkII predict the poor prognosis of patients. Gab2 and CrkII promote the proliferation and migration and reduce the chemosensitivity of cells. Gab2 regulates the biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells through CrkII.
Determination of acute toxicity of sodium pyrithione on common carp and its effects on some hormones and hematological parameters
Authors: Korkmaz Nuh , Erdoğan Kenan , Örün Gül Nihal , Erkmen Belda , Doğru Mehmet İlker , Doğru Arzu , Polat Hüseyin , Örün İbrahim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the LC50-24 h value of sodium pyrithione (NaPT) on Cyprinus carpio was determined 102.7643 µg/L. The effects of NaPT exposure on hematological parameters and some hormones in carp were also studied. In the groups exposed to NaPT compared to the control group, there was a decrease in the erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) values, total leukocyte count (WBC), lymphocyte and monocyte ratios, while an increased ratio was observed in granulocyte. Hormone analysis revealed a decrease in serum growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels, while an increase was observed in total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels. Depending on the duration of exposure, a decrease was observed in the ratios of RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, GH, IGF-1, TSH, TT3, and TT4 in both dose groups, while a decrease was observed in FT3 levels in the NaPT-20 dose group. ACTH and cortisol levels were increased in both dose groups depending on the duration of exposure. At the FT4 level, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison between the exposure duration.
RAB10 involves in glucose uptake in pancreatic cancer cells by regulating GLUT1 expression and translocating GLUT1 to the cell membrane, which predicts poor prognosis
Authors: Cai Lijie , Han Jinrui , Wu Junqing , Ge Xinyu , Yao Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a lethal cancer, and metabolic reprogramming in PAAD is a clinical concern. The RAS oncogene family member RAB10 is highly expressed in many tumor tissues, but its role in PAAD remains unclear. Here, we explore correlations between RAB10 expression and PAAD prognosis. We investigate whether RAB10 regulates glucose uptake in PAAD cells through modulating the expression and location of the glucose transporter (GLUT1).Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of RAB10 in pancreaticoduodenectomy specimens. The function of PAAD cells expressing different levels of RAB10 was assessed by CCK-8 proliferation, wound healing, and transwell migration assays. Glucose uptake assays and lactate production assays were used to explore the effects of RAB10 on PAAD cell metabolism. In addition, we used qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence to analyze interactions between RAB10 and GLUT members.Results: RAB10 was highly expressed in PAAD tissues and cell lines, and was significantly correlated with T classification and pathological differentiation. High RAB10 expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor of poor disease outcomes in PAAD. RAB10 knockdown inhibited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of PAAD cells, and downregulated glucose uptake and lactate production. Down-regulation of RAB10 inhibited GLUT1 translocating to the cell membrane and downregulated GLUT1 expression, which in turn decreased glucose uptake in tumor cells.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that overexpression of RAB10 is associated with worse PAAD survival outcomes. Downregulation of RAB10 may decrease glucose uptake in tumor cells by inhibiting GLUT1 membrane localization and downregulating GLUT1 expression.
Structure of C. elegans TMC-1 complex illuminates auditory mechanosensory transduction
Authors: Gouaux Eric , Clark Sarah , Jeong Hanbin , Goehring April , Dehghani-Ghahnaviyeh Sepehr , Rasouli Ali , Tajkhorshid Emad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The initial step in the sensory transduction pathway underpinning hearing and balance in mammals involves the conversion of force into the gating of a mechanosensory transduction (MT) channel. Despite the profound socioeconomic impacts of hearing disorders and the fundamental biological significance of understanding MT, the composition, structure and mechanism of the MT complex has remained elusive. Here we report the single particle cryo-EM structure of the native MT TMC-1 complex isolated from C. elegans. The 2-fold symmetric complex is composed of 2 copies each of the pore-forming TMC-1 subunit, the calcium-binding protein CALM-1 and the transmembrane inner ear protein TMIE. CALM-1 makes extensive contacts with the cytoplasmic face of the TMC-1 subunits while the single-pass TMIE subunits reside on the periphery of the complex, poised like the handles of an accordion. A subset of particles in addition harbors a single arrestin-like protein, ARRD-6, bound to a CALM-1 domain. Single-particle reconstructions and molecular dynamics simulations show how the MT complex deforms the membrane bilayer and suggest crucial roles for lipid-protein interactions in the mechanism by which mechanical force is transduced to ion channel gating.
Efforts to control tobacco use in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK): an analysis of online media contents from the DPRK
Authors: Lee Heeje , Kang Minah , Yoon Sangchul , Park Kee B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Tobacco use is one of the main public health concerns as it causes multiple diseases. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) is one of the 182 Parties to the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC). However, information is lacking regarding the tobacco use in the DPRK and the government’s efforts for tobacco control. The aim of the study was to analyze the DPRK online media content in Korean to assess the DPRK government’s efforts to control the tobacco use among its population, using MPOWER as a measuring tool.Methods: Through the online search using the Korean keywords that corresponded to “tobacco”, “smoking cigarette”, and “smoking cessation” in English, a total of 47 online materials were found for the content analysis. Two examiners reviewed online materials to find the evidence of policy implementations to control tobacco use in the DPRK according to the MPOWER measures. The frequency of media coverage for each MPOWER measure was calculated.Results: The appearance rate of each MPOWER measure on the online media was as follows: M 8.5%, P 44.7%, O 76.6%, W-package 12.8%, W-mass media 78.7%, E 4.3%, and R 0%.Conclusions: The online media contents showed the DPRK government’s stewardship to promote population health by controlling tobacco use.
Inertial Measurement Units and Application for Remote Health Care in Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: Narrative Review
Authors: Rose Michael J. , Costello Kerry E , Eigenbrot Samantha , Torabian Kaveh , Kumar Deepak 
Published: May 2022

Background
Measuring and modifying movement-related joint loading is integral to the management of lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA). Although traditional approaches rely on measurements made within the laboratory or clinical environments, inertial sensors provide an opportunity to quantify these outcomes in patients’ natural environments, providing greater ecological validity and opportunities to develop large data sets of movement data for the development of OA interventions.

Objective
This narrative review aimed to discuss and summarize recent developments in the use of inertial sensors for assessing movement during daily activities in individuals with hip and knee OA and to identify how this may translate to improved remote health care for this population.

Methods
A literature search was performed in November 2018 and repeated in July 2019 and March 2021 using the PubMed and Embase databases for publications on inertial sensors in hip and knee OA published in English within the previous 5 years. The search terms encompassed both OA and wearable sensors. Duplicate studies, systematic reviews, conference abstracts, and study protocols were also excluded. One reviewer screened the search result titles by removing irrelevant studies, and 2 reviewers screened study abstracts to identify studies using inertial sensors as the main sensing technology and a primary outcome related to movement quality. In addition, after the March 2021 search, 2 reviewers rescreened all previously included studies to confirm their relevance to this review.

Results
From the search process, 43 studies were determined to be relevant and subsequently included in this review. Inertial sensors have been successfully implemented for assessing the presence and severity of OA (n=11), assessing disease progression risk and providing feedback for gait retraining (n=7), and remotely monitoring intervention outcomes and identifying potential responders and nonresponders to interventions (n=14). In addition, studies have validated the use of inertial sensors for these applications (n=8) and analyzed the optimal sensor placement combinations and data input analysis for measuring different metrics of interest (n=3). These studies show promise for remote health care monitoring and intervention delivery in hip and knee OA, but many studies have focused on walking rather than a range of activities of daily living and have been performed in small samples (<100 participants) and in a laboratory rather than in a real-world environment.

Conclusions
Inertial sensors show promise for remote monitoring, risk assessment, and intervention delivery in individuals with hip and knee OA. Future opportunities remain to validate these sensors in real-world settings across a range of activities of daily living and to optimize sensor placement and data analysis approaches.
Biografi, Jaringan Keguruan dan Peran Sosial Keagamaan Abu Lueng Angen di Aceh Utara
Authors: Umayrah Siti 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the teacher-student network that forms the social circle of Abu Lueng Angen and the socio-religious role of Abu Lueng Angen in North Aceh. This study uses qualitative research methods and data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that Abu Lueng Angen was a charismatic ulama and became one of the Ulama in North Aceh. The Teacher-Student Network that formed the social circle of Abu Lueng Angen began when Abu studied with Acehnese ulemas, then teach, and later created a network of teacher-student Abu Lueng Angen in the Aceh area. The socio-religious role of Abu Lueng Angen is the nature of responsibility as a Dayah leader in Krueng Lingka Village, which later gave birth to many generations of ulama in Aceh.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jaringan guru-murid yang membentuk lingkaran sosial Abu Lueng Angen dan peran sosial keagamaan Abu Lueng Angen di Aceh Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Abu Lueng Angen adalah seorang ulama yang kharismatik dan menjadi salah satu ulama di Aceh Utara. Jejaring Guru-Siswa yang membentuk lingkaran sosial Abu Lueng Angen berawal ketika Abu belajar dengan ulama Aceh terdahulu dan kemudian mengajar, kemudian membuat jaringan guru-murid Abu Lueng Angen di wilayah Aceh. Peran sosial keagamaan Abu Lueng Angen adalah sifat tanggung jawab sebagai pemimpin Dayah di Desa Krueng Lingka, yang kemudian melahirkan banyak generasi ulama di Aceh.
A realidade – teia para o pensamento
Authors: Pereira Edimilson de Almeida 
Published: May 2022

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as relações entre a realidade social e a constituição do texto poético. A partir do núcleo linguístico de uma série de poemas serão discutidas questões relativas à imposição da realidade sobre a imaginação, bem como a proposição de uma linguagem poética reflexiva, que estabelece uma autonomia relativa para a escrita do texto poético. Pretende-se, de maneira incipiente, mapear uma dinâmica poética que vem se desenvolvendo mediante a aceleração das experiências e da circulação de informações promovida pelas redes sociais contemporâneas. Paralelamente, propõe-se uma análise do modo como poetas de diferentes épocas, estilos e gerações consideram a realidade como um ponto de referência para suas indagações de natureza histórica e metafísica, evidenciando graus diferenciados de tensionamento entre a vida individual e a vida coletiva.
Transparency of fuel and energy companies in media relations in the era of information society
Authors: Skvortsova E. V. , Uzhanov A. E. 
Published: May 2022

This article presents the communication trends in the era of information society through the example of the press service of the PJSC Rosneft Oil Company and describes the anti-crisis management in the fuel and energy sector by developing relationships with the media.The communication tools for in a state-owned company (including GR technologies), the goals of the information policy of Rosneft and the role of the concept of transparency in anti-crisis management for the fuel and energy company were considered and identified based on the results of comprehensive analysis.The research methodology is within classical boundaries, with a complete set of established PR practice approaches, including category analysis based on theoretical sources, content analysis of information generated by the company on social media and in other means of mass communication. The author's program for monitoring the information field of Rosneft was incorporated into the management information process.The results of observing the activities of Rosneft press service in various situations and summarizing specific crisis cases have allowed to form a list of recommendations to ensure the principle of transparency on a wide range of events and the application of a targeted communication strategy in a crisis situation.
Speech Act of Pragmatic
Authors: Rahayu Novia Widyasari 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT When a speaker says anything, there are specific goals beyond the words or phrases. This is an aspect of pragmatics. The activity performed by generated utterances is referred to as speech actions. Saying something can be used to perform an action. Speech actions allow the speaker to portray physical activity using just words and phrases. The acts taken are mostly determined by the words spoken. There are several things to consider when it comes to English as a foreign language. If utterances are delivered in the mother language, it is simple for speakers or listeners to figure out what they imply.
Diglossia: Keep preserving High and Low Language of Javanese varieties
Authors: Djamereng Jumharia 
Published: May 2022

The research intends to describe the use of diglossia among Javanese societies who are settling in Sukamaju Sub district North Luwu Regency. Diglossia is formed as a functional of language variety which is used by communities in interaction among others. In a speech community, people may bilingual and multilinguals, thus one language usually has standard and non-standard language. Standardized language or High variety is generally used in formal situation while non-standard language mostly used in daily interaction or informal situation. The research was designed in descriptive qualitative method as it intends to describe how Javanese people choose the High variety and Low variety when communicating with their family and fellows based on the situation. The instrument of the research was observation to gather data related to language use that were spoken by Javanese people in daily interaction. Interview was used to gather information related to the use of diglossia of Javanese language among Javanese people. The informants were 40 Javanese people that comprises 4 age groups; > 60 years old, 30-59 years old, 13-29 years old, and <12 years old. The research found there are still sustainable use of diglossia among Javanese societies who are living in Sukamaju Sub district, Noth Luwu Regency. The pattern of diglossia follows “bilingual with diglossia” because they are multilingual (Javanese language, local language “Tae language”, Indonesian language) and also use functionally the High and Low varieties of Javanese language. The low variety are mostly used in all age groups in daily interaction. The <12 age group do not totally understand High variety, but they still use the Low variety of Javanese when communicating with friends and family.
Children's Response towards Extensive Reading
Authors: Hermini Hermini 
Published: May 2022

The research aimed to find the children’s responses toward Extensive Reading. It is quantitative research. The sample was six children of an elementary schools around literacy corner which taken by random sampling. The instrument was questionnaire. The result shows that the children’ responses toward extensive reading was 88.5 which was categorized into positive. The children’s responses are mostly positive based on characters of extensive reading but it does not fit to goal of reading and linguistic competence. The responses toward goal of reading related to searching new information was 67 which is categorized into less positive and their responses toward linguistic competence related to finding new vocabulary was 50 which was categorized into negative. Children read for enjoyment so they do not focus on linguistic competence related to gaining new vocabulary and goals of reading related to searching new information. As conclusion, the children’s responses toward extensive reading was positive and practice guide of reading and teacher’s assistance are needed in promoting extensive reading for children to build reading habit.