bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compensation of sintering deformation for components manufactured by metal binder jetting using numerical simulations
Authors: Sadeghi Borujeni Shahrooz , Saluja Gursimran Singh , Ploshikhin Vasily 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis study aims at compensating for sintering deformation of components manufactured by metal binder jetting (MBJ) technology.Design/methodology/approachIn the present research, numerical simulations are used to predict sintering deformation. Subsequently, an algorithm is developed to counteract the deformations, and the compensated deformations are morphed into a CAD model for printing. Several test cases are designed, compensated and manufactured to evaluate the accuracy of the compensation calculations. A consistent accuracy measurement method is developed for both green and sintered parts. The final sintered parts are compared with the desired final shape, and the accuracy of the model is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of initial assumptions in the calculations, including green part densities, and green part dimensions on the final dimensional accuracy are studied.FindingsThe proposed computational framework can compensate for the sintering deformations with acceptable accuracy, especially in the directions, for which the used material model has been calibrated. The precise assumption of green part density values is important for the accuracy of compensation calculations. For achieving tighter dimensional accuracy, green part dimensions should be incorporated into the computational framework.Originality/valueSeveral studies have already predicted sintering deformations using numerical methods for MBJ parts. However, very little research has been dedicated to the compensation of sintering deformations with numerical simulations, and to the best of the best of the authors' knowledge, no previous work has studied the effect of green part properties on dimensional accuracy of compensation calculations. This paper introduces a method to omit or minimize the trial-and-error experiments and leads to the manufacturing of dimensionally accurate geometries.
Force-flow guided reinforcement design of homogeneous mesoscale structure in additive manufacturing
Authors: Yu Ying , Huang Huan , Wang Shuo , Li Shuaishuai , Wang Yu 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The mesoscale structure (MS) has a significant impact on the mechanical performance of parts made by additive manufacturing (AM). This paper aims to explore the design and fabrication of force-flow guided reinforcement mesoscale structure (FFRMS) compared with the homogeneous mesoscale structure (HMS), which is inconsistent with the stress field for a given load condition. Some cases were presented to demonstrate the mechanical properties of FFRMS in terms of MS combined with quasi-isotropy and anisotropy.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper consists of four main sections: the first developed the concept of FFRMS design based on HMS, the second explored volume fraction control for the proportion of force-flow lines in terms of mechanical property requirement, and the third presented a sequence stacking theory and practical manufacturing process framework and the final sections provided some application case studies.

Findings
The main contributions of this study were the definition and development of the FFRMS concept, the application framework and the original case studies. As an example, a typical lug designed with the proposed FFRMS method was fabricated by three different AM processes. The test results showed that both the strength and stiffness of the specimens are improved greatly by using the FFRMS design method.

Originality/value
The superposition of HMS as the basement and force-flow as an indication of the stiffener, leading to a heterogeneous structure, which exhibits more efficient and diversified means compared with the traditional way of increasing the HMS density merely.
Monetary-fiscal coordination: when, why and how?
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Padhi Ipsita , Dhal Sarat 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to revisit the theme of fiscal-monetary coordination in a general equilibrium setup that allows for unconventional monetary policy, monetary policy transmission and developing country characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a calibrated new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to study fiscal-monetary interaction.

Findings
Debt sits at the center of monetary-fiscal interaction. Under high-debt conditions, the inflation-output trade-off rises with an increase in the strictness with which monetary policy targets inflation, undermining the standard prescription of strict inflation targeting. At the same time, the transmission of monetary policy is also impeded, due to which unconventional monetary policy becomes more appropriate. The need for coordination among the policies gets enhanced in the presence of borrowing cost channel. While the presence of borrowing cost channel increases the need for policy coordination regardless of the debt situation, features like higher share of non-Ricardian households and weaker monetary policy transmission affect monetary-fiscal interaction to a greater extent under high-debt environment.

Originality/value
First, this paper uses inflation-output trade-off as a metric, to analyze fiscal-monetary interaction. Second, this paper considers the impact of developing country characteristics (such as a higher share of non-Ricardian households, impeded monetary policy transmission and supply constraints/borrowing cost channel) on fiscal-monetary interaction. Third, the DSGE model developed in this paper incorporates open market operations that could shed light on the role of unconventional monetary policy in the presence of high fiscal deficit and debt, which is particularly relevant in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourth, the model also permits an investigation into monetary policy transmission under different debt regimes.
Opening the black box of cognitive rehabilitation: Integrating the ICF, RTSS, and PIE
Authors: Hamilton Justine , Sohlberg McKay Moore , Turkstra Lyn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive rehabilitation is a complex and specialized area of practice, as it aims to support individuals with diverse neuropsychological profiles, personal characteristics, and intersectionalities in achieving meaningful, functional change in personally relevant aspects of their everyday lives. In many ways, cognitive rehabilitation is the epitome of a ‘black box’: it has complicated internal processes that are mysterious to users. We argue that this complex practice has suffered from a lack of specificity of clinical processes and treatment components, resulting in negative consequences for both providers and clients.AimTo unpack the black box of cognitive rehabilitation by describing a unifying set of frameworks that can effectively direct clinical practice across clinical disciplines: the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS), and the Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation framework (PIE). We present a clinical case that illustrates the application of the three frameworks.ConclusionImplementation of these three integrated frameworks supports clinical reasoning, replication of treatments, and communication across disciplines with the ultimate impact of improving rehabilitation outcomes. The frameworks provide a structure for clinicians to clearly define both the what and the how of treatment, with a level of specificity to maximize both effectiveness and efficiency of intervention.
Preference for job diversity, mixed part‐time jobs and voluntary unemployment
Authors: Liu Weiguang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article introduces job diversity preference into Hoteling's location model to explain individuals' displeasure with work. The mixed part‐time jobs (MPJ) can be regarded as more diversified products firms can offer at a higher cost. Individuals pay the product (jobs) with their productivity. We intend to explain: (a) Why some individuals prefer not to work in only single full‐time jobs (SFJ) cases; (b) Why allowing free MPJ can be a good idea; (c) How MPJ wage floor and ceilings can block or hinder the effect of the MPJ market. (d) What the government can do to improve employment and social welfare. Bringing Hoteling's model into the labour market to demonstrate individuals' preferences on job diversity is the major innovation of this article.
Bandaids are not the fix: Examining the patterns of injury‐related emergency department presentations in Australian children
Authors: Möller Holger , Niven Catherine , Catchpoole Jesani , Ivers Rebecca , Harrison James , Vallmuur Kirsten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo provide an epidemiological understanding of the types of injuries treated in ED in Australian children, describe the impact of these injuries in volume and severity, and assess the patterns by demographic and temporal factors.MethodsED data from six major paediatric hospitals in four Australian states over the period 2011–2017 were analysed to identify childhood injury patterns by nature of injury and body region, as well as sex, age group and temporal factors.ResultsA total of 486 762 ED presentations for injury in children aged 0–14 years were analysed. The most common injuries for all age groups were fractures of the upper extremities. Leading injury diagnosis groups varied by age groups and sex. Overall, children aged 1–2 years had the highest number of ED presentations for injury, and from birth more males than females presented to ED with injuries with the highest absolute sex difference observed for 10‐ to 14‐year‐olds. Seventeen percent of children who presented to ED were admitted to hospital with the leading type of hospitalised injury being fractures. Little monthly variation in ED presentations was observed, except for higher presentations for drowning in summer months, and for most injury types, ED presentations were higher during weekends and daytime.ConclusionsThis is the first large‐scale quantification of paediatric injury‐related ED presentation patterns in Australia since the conclusion of the National Injury Surveillance and Prevention Program about 30 years ago. It provides valuable information to inform paediatric ED resourcing decisions as well as important evidence for injury prevention practitioners.
Association of Subjective Global Assessment with outcomes in the intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ferrie Suzie , Weiss Nina Bianca , Chau Hiu Yi , Torkel Sophia , Stepniewski Morgan Elizabeth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThis retrospective audit was conducted to investigate the association between outcome and protein‐energy malnutrition diagnosed using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), to evaluate the predictive validity of Subjective Global Assessment in adults admitted to intensive care.MethodsThe audit analysed the medical records of 1034 consecutive adult patients who had nutrition assessment on admission to the intensive care unit between January 2017 and July 2018. Extracted data included patient demographics, nutritional status, outcomes, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score. Regression was used to explore the association between Subjective Global Assessment and outcomes.ResultsThe prevalence of protein‐energy malnutrition was 39.5% (342 patients SGA‐B, and 75 patients SGA‐C), and there was a significant independent association between Subjective Global Assessment and outcomes both in surgical and non‐surgical patients. Compared with well‐nourished patients, mortality was significantly higher in the malnourished, during the intensive care admission (p = 0.007), in hospital (p < 0.0001), at 90 days (p = 0.001) and at 180 days (p = 0.002). Pressure injuries were more common (p = 0.01). Length of stay was longer in intensive care (p = 0.001) and in hospital (p < 0.001), with increased readmission rate (p < 0.001).ConclusionProtein‐energy malnutrition diagnosed by Subjective Global Assessment had a significant independent association with adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. Subjective Global Assessment appears to have predictive validity in this patient population.
Potential organ donors with primary brain tumours: missed opportunities for donation and transplantation identified in Australian cohort study 2010–2015
Authors: Thomson Imogen K. , Hedley James , Rosales Brenda M. , Wyburn Kate , O'Leary Michael J. , Webster Angela C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPotential organ donors with primary brain tumours (PBT) frequently donate, however some may be declined due to uncertainty about tumour classification or transmission risk to transplant recipients. We sought to describe transmission risk and donation outcome of potential donors with PBT, including identifying missed opportunities for transplantation, and any PBT transmission events.MethodsWe undertook a population‐based cohort study in NSW of all potential donors 2010–2015. PBT potential donors were characterized according to tumour grade and transmission risk, and whether they donated organs. Data linkage was used to determine agreement of risk assessment of potential donors to that in the Biovigilance Register, and to identify any PBT transmissions.ResultsOf 2957 potential donors, 76 (3%) had PBTs. There was agreement of risk assessment in 44 (58%) cases. PBT potential donors had fewer comorbidities (1.6 vs. 2.1,P = 0.006) than non‐PBT potential donors. Forty‐eight (63%) potential donors were declined for non‐PBT reasons, 18 (24%) were declined because of perceived PBT transmission risk and 10 (13%) donated. All PBT donors had WHO‐I or ‐II tumours, and none had a ventriculo‐pertioneal shunt. No transmission events occurred.ConclusionDonors with WHO‐I/II PBT appear to have minimal risk of tumour transmission in solid organ transplantation; it is reassuring that no PBT transmission occurred. There is evidence of risk aversion to referrals with WHO‐III/IV tumours. There exists opportunity to improve potential donor risk assessment at the time of referral using integrated data sets, and to increase organ donation and transplantation rates through greater utilization of PBT referrals.
Are active efflux transporters contributing to infant drug exposure via breastmilk? A longitudinal study
Authors: Ahmadzai Hilai , Tee Lisa B. G. , Crowe Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough most drugs are considered safe and compatible with breastfeeding, cases of toxic drug exposure have been reported. Active efflux transporters have been implicated as a mechanism in the transfer of drugs from mother to baby via breastmilk. Using breastmilk as a source of human mammary epithelial cells, this novel longitudinal study investigated the expression of four active transporters, namely, MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 and BCRP in the lactating human breast. BCRP gene was found to be strongly overexpressed with levels peaking at 5 months postpartum, potentially indicating a time where a breastfed infant may be at risk of inadvertent exposure to BCRP substrates. Serum albumin, a major component of human breastmilk was increasingly downregulated as lactation progresses. Xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase, an enzyme in breastmilk attributed to a reduced risk of gastroenteritis caused by Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritides, was downregulated. Lysozyme and fatty acid synthase are progressively upregulated. This study also shows that breastmilk‐derived epithelial cells, when propagated in culture, exhibit characteristics significantly different to those derived directly from breastmilk. This serves to warn that in vitro studies are not a true representation of in vivo processes in the lactating breast; hence, application of in vitro data should be conducted with caution.
Thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC) as treatment response marker for paediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: A pilot study
Authors: Zijtregtop Eline A. M. , Diez Claudius , Zwaan C. Michel , Veening Margreet A. , Beishuizen Auke , Meyer‐Wentrup Friederike A. G. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryClassical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterised by malignant Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells located in an inflammatory microenvironment. Blood biomarkers result from active cross‐talk between malignant and non‐malignant cells. One promising biomarker in adult patients with cHL is thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC). We investigated TARC as marker for interim and end‐of‐treatment response in paediatric cHL. In this multicentre prospective study, TARC levels were measured among 99 paediatric patients with cHL before each cycle of chemotherapy and were linked with interim and end‐of‐treatment remission status. TARC levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. At diagnosis, TARC levels were elevated in 96% of patients. Plasma TARC levels declined significantly after one cycle of chemotherapy (p < 0.01 vs. baseline) but did not differ at interim assessment by positron emission tomography (p = 0.31). In contrast, median plasma TARC at end of treatment was significantly higher in three patients with progressive disease compared to those in complete remission (1.226 vs. 90 pg/ml; p < 0.001). We demonstrate that, in paediatric patients, plasma TARC is a valuable response marker at end‐of‐treatment, but not at interim analysis after the first two chemotherapy cycles. Further research is necessary to investigate TARC as marker for long‐term progression free survival.
Gliovascular alterations in sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease: APOE3 Christchurch homozygote glioprotection
Authors: Henao‐Restrepo Julián , López‐Murillo Carolina , Valderrama‐Carmona Pablo , Orozco‐Santa Natalia , Gomez Johana , Gutiérrez‐Vargas Johanna , Moraga Renato , Toledo Jorge , Littau Jessica Lisa , Härtel Steffen , Arboleda‐Velásquez Joseph F. , Sepulveda‐Falla Diego , Lopera Francisco , Cardona‐Gómez Gloria Patricia , Villegas Andrés , Posada‐Duque Rafael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn response to brain insults, astrocytes become reactive, promoting protection and tissue repair. However, astroglial reactivity is typical of brain pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering the heterogeneity of the reactive response, the role of astrocytes in the course of different forms of AD has been underestimated. Colombia has the largest human group known to have familial AD (FAD). This group carries the autosomal dominant and fully penetrant mutation E280A in PSEN1, which causes early‐onset AD. Recently, our group identified an E280A carrier who did not develop FAD. The individual was homozygous for the Christchurch mutation R136S in APOE3 (APOEch). Remarkably, APOE is the main genetic risk factor for developing sporadic AD (SAD) and most of cerebral ApoE is produced by astroglia. Here, we characterized astrocyte properties related to reactivity, glutamate homeostasis, and structural integrity of the gliovascular unit (GVU), as factors that could underlie the pathogenesis or protection of AD. Specifically, through histological and 3D microscopy analyses of postmortem samples, we briefly describe the histopathology and cytoarchitecture of the frontal cortex of SAD, FAD, and APOEch, and demonstrate that, while astrodegeneration and vascular deterioration are prominent in SAD, FAD is characterized by hyperreactive‐like glia, and APOEch displays the mildest astrocytic and vascular alterations despite having the highest burden of Aβ. Notably, astroglial, gliovascular, and vascular disturbances, as well as brain cell death, correlate with the specific astrocytic phenotypes identified in each condition. This study provides new insights into the potential relevance of the gliovasculature in the development and protection of AD. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the components of the GVU in human samples of SAD, FAD, and APOEch.
Glucocorticoids mediate transcriptome‐wide alternative polyadenylation: Potential mechanistic and clinical implications
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Thanh L. , Liu Duan , Gao Huanyao , Ye Zhenqing , Lee Jeong‐Heon , Wei Lixuan , Yu Jia , Zhang Lingxin , Wang Liewei , Ordog Tamas , Weinshilboum Richard M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlternative polyadenylation (APA) is a common genetic regulatory mechanism that generates distinct 3′ ends for RNA transcripts. Changes in APA have been associated with multiple biological processes and disease phenotypes. However, the role of hormones and their drug analogs in APA remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated transcriptome‐wide the impact of glucocorticoids on APA in 30 human B‐lymphoblastoid cell lines. We found that glucocorticoids could regulate APA for a subset of genes, possibly by changing the expression of 142 RNA‐binding proteins, some with known APA‐regulating properties. Interestingly, genes with glucocorticoid‐mediated APA were enriched in viral translation‐related pathways, while genes with glucocorticoid‐mediated expression were enriched in interferon and interleukin pathways, suggesting that glucocorticoid‐mediated APA might result in functional consequences distinct from gene expression. For example, glucocorticoids, a pharmacotherapy for severe COVID‐19, were found to change the APA but not the expression of LY6E, an important antiviral inhibitor in coronavirus diseases. Glucocorticoid‐mediated APA was also cell‐type‐specific, suggesting an action of glucocorticoids that may be unique to immune regulation. We also observed evidence for genotype‐dependent glucocorticoid‐mediated APA (referred to as pharmacogenomic‐alterative polyadenylation quantitative trait loci), providing potential functional mechanisms for a series of common genetic variants that had previously been associated with immune disorders, but without a clear mechanism. In summary, this study reports a series of observations regarding the impact of glucocorticoids on APA, raising the possibility that this mechanism might have implications for both disease pathophysiology and drug therapy.
Interdisciplinary treatment of ankylosed upper central incisors with an anterior vertical ridge defect: A case report
Authors: Madureira Davidson Frois , Valentim Gustavo Laignier Lage , da Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Júnior Aécio Abner Campos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis case report describes the successful 10‐years interdisciplinary treatment of ankylosed upper central incisors with an anterior vertical ridge defect. This treatment was challenging as ankylosis was present before the growth spurt. Orthodontic treatment in association with decoronation, a xenogeneic bone graft, an autogenous sub‐epithelial connective tissue graft, and implant placement were performed to correct the vertical ridge defect and to re‐establish appropriate function, gingival health, and aesthetics. Decoronation performed during the growth spurt was the key to avoiding alveolar ridge deformity.