bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive assessment of muscle compartment elasticity by pressure related ultrasound in pediatric trauma: A prospective clinical study in twenty-five cases of forearm shaft fractures
Authors: Sellei Richard Martin , Beckers Aaron , Kobbe Philipp , Weltzien Alexandra , Weber Christian David , Spies Christian Karl , Reinhardt Nina , Klein Matias de la Fuente , Radermacher Klaus , Hildebrand Frank 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Soft tissue swelling after limb fractures in pediatric patients is well known to be a risk factor for developing acute compartment syndrome (ACS). Clinical assessment alone is uncertain in specific cases. Recently, we proposed a non-invasive ultrasound based method to objectify muscle compartment elasticity for monitoring. We hypothesize a strong correlation between the soft tissue swelling after stabilization of upper limb fractures and the compartment elasticity objectified with a novel ultrasound-based approach in pediatric trauma. Patients and Methods: In a prospective clinical study, children suffering forearm fractures but not developing an ACS were included. The muscle compartment elasticity of the m. flexor carpi ulnaris was assessed after surgical intervention by a novel non-invasive, ultrasound-based method resulting in a relative elasticity (RE in %) in both, the control (healthy limb) and study group (fractured limb). Soft tissue swelling was categorized in four different levels (0-3) and correlated with the resulting RE (%). Results: The RE in the study group (15,67%, SD +/-3,06) showed a significantly decreased level (p<0,001) compared with the control (22,77%, SD +/- 5,4). The categorized grade of soft tissue swelling resulted in a moderate correlation with the RE (rs = 0,474). Conclusions: The presented study appears to represent a novel approach to assess the posttraumatic pressure changes in a muscle compartment after fracture stabilization non-invasively. In this first clinical study in pediatric cases, our measurement method represents a low cost, easy and secure approach that has the potential to substitute invasive measurement for monitoring muscle compartment conditions. Further investigations and development in lager cohorts are required to improve its daily clinical practicability and to confirm the expected reliability.
Clinical Evaluation of Marginal Fit of Monolithic Zirconia Fixed Partial Denture, Using Scannable and Conventional Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Materials
Authors: Kalantari Mohammad Hassan , Giti Rashtin , Abbasi Benika , Rastegar Zahra , Tavanafar Saeid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: This in-vivo study aimed to evaluate the marginal fit of three-unit monolithic zirconia fixed partial dentures (FPDs) using conventional and scannable polyvinyl siloxane impression materials because of the great importance of marginal accuracy. Methods: Ten patients were selected to replace the lateral teeth with a three-unit monolithic zirconia bridge. In the identical session, for each patient, as in the first group, an impression was made with a two-step putty-wash technique using scannable polyvinyl siloxane material (BONASCAN; DMP, Greece), and for the second group, an impression of conventional putty-wash polyvinyl siloxane was taken (BONASIL A⁺ Putty; DMP, Greece). The marginal discrepancy was measured once the replicas were cut perpendicularly within the buccolingual and mesiodistal directions. An Independent t-test was employed for data analyses (P < 0.05).Results: The marginal discrepancy in a conventional method for central abutment in four regions and canine abutment in mid-buccal, mid-lingual, and mid-distal was higher than in the scannable method but marginal discrepancies were not significant (P>0.05). However, the marginal discrepancy for mid-mesial in the scannable method was higher than in the conventional method, but it was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: FPDs fabricated from both scannable impression materials and conventional impression materials were not superior to each other in marginal fit by evaluation using the replica technique.
ATS/JRS/ALAT Guidelines for Humidifier Lung and Summer-Type Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Authors: Sakamoto Susumu , Masuoka Marie , Usui Yusuke , Shimizu Hiroshige , Sekiya Muneyuki , Miyoshi Shion , Nakamura Yasuhiko , Urabe Naohisa , Isshiki Takuma , Isobe Kazutoshi , Takai Yujiro , Kurosaki Atsuko , Homma Sakae , Kishi Kazuma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The ATS/JRS/ALAT Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (GL for HP) were published in 2020. Humidifier lung and summer-type HP are forms of HP, but it is unclear whether they can be diagnosed using the GL for HP. This study examined the level of confidence with which humidifier lung and summer-type HP can be diagnosed with the GL for HP.Methods: Data from 23 patients with humidifier lung and 20 patients with summer-type HP (mean age, 67.3 and 57.4 years, respectively) diagnosed between October 2012 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) findings, exposures, and histopathological findings to determine the level of confidence with which a diagnosis of HP could be made using the GL for HP. Results: HRCT pattern was classified as typical HP in 5 (22%) and compatible with HP in 18 (78%) patients with humidifier lung and judged as typical HP in 17 (85%) and compatible with HP in 3 (15%) summer-type-HP patients. The confidence level for diagnosis of HP was definite in 2 (8.7%), moderate in 14 (60.9%), and low in 7 (30.4%) patients with humidifier lung. It was definite in 12 (60%), high in 3 (15%), and moderate in 5 (25%) patients with summer-type HP.Conclusions: The GL for HP showed utility in the diagnosis of humidifier lung in many patients with a moderate to low confidence. There was, however, a definite to high confidence for patients with summer-type HP.
Repeat Hepatic Resection Combined with Intraoperative Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Repeat Hepatic Resection Alone for Recurrent and Mutiple Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Meeting the Milan Criteria: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Huang Yang , Xu Liangliang , Huang Min , Jiang Li , Xu Mingqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The surgical indications and therapeutic strategies for early-stage multifocal and recurrent hepatocellular carcinomas (rHCC) remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of patients with recurrent and multifocal HCC meeting the Milan criteria with repeat hepatectomy (RH) and RH combined with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
Methods
A total of 109 consecutive patients with intrahepatic early-stage multifocal rHCC within Milan criteria following RH or RH + RFA were retrospectively collected from April 2010 to May 2020. Propensity score matching (PSM), subgroup analysis, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Overall survival after recurrence (rOS) and recurrence-free survival after recurrence (rRFS) were calculated.
Results
The 1-, 3-, and 5-year rOS and rRFS of the combination group and the RH group were similar (p = 0.699; P = 0.587, respectively). The similar results are also appeared in matched population. Subgroup analyses showed that there was no significant difference between patients with 2 tumors and 3 tumors, but the RH group was associated with better rRFS than the combination group for patients whose tumors were located in the same lobe (p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis revealed that time to recurrence (TTR) ≤ 2 years and IM pathologically were independent risk factors.
Conclusions
For multifocal rHCC patients meeting the Milan criteria, RH combined with RFA may offer similar OS and RFS as RH alone; however, RH may be more suitable for patients with tumors located in the same lobe than RH combined with RFA.
The roselle anthocyanin film enhanced sensory attributes of Penaeus vannamei by quality deterioration inhibition and protein conformation stabilization
Authors: Huang Jiayin , Hu Zhiheng , Li Gaoshang , Chen Jianchu , Hu Yaqin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The enhancement behaviors of polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/roselle anthocyanin (PHR) film on sensory and physico-chemical properties of Penaeus vannamei were investigated. The shrimp packaged by PHR film displayed better sensory profiles with higher sensory scores and lower rejection degree (62.67 ± 2.13%). Compared with control group, the color parameters were improved by PHR film, such as higher lightness (36.30 ± 1.23), lower redness (6.67 ± 1.15) and yellowness (6.67 ± 0.51) as well as less browning effects. Microstructure observation revealed that the PHR film could keep more compact and uniform muscle tissue with less cracks and small fragments. In addition, PHR film was effective in increasing of water holding capacities (80.23 ± 1.70%) and maintenance of flavor characteristics. Meanwhile, the PHR films had abilities to delay protein conformation alterations, manifesting as higher total protein contents (23.36 ± 2.58 mg/mL) and less generation of carbonyl groups (5.12 ± 0.16 nmol/mg) and disulfide bonds (3.11 ± 0.07 mol/105g). Moreover, statistical analysis results demonstrated the close relationship between sensory and physico-chemical properties. Then, the possible enhancement mechanism was proposed that the functional properties of PHR film were responsible for the protein stabilization, leading to less quality deterioration, and the sensory profiles were improved consequently. Thus, the PHR film was a promising food packaging for sensory attributes enhancement and shelf-life extension of Penaeus vannamei.
Neuregulin-4 attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Hongchao , Wang Lijie , Hu Fuli , Wang Pengfei , Xie Yanan , Li Fang , Guo Bingyan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by left ventricle dysfunction, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and interstitial fibrosis and is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Autophagy is a mechanism that is essential for maintaining normal heart morphology and function, and its dysregulation can produce pathological effects on diabetic hearts. Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4), an adipokine, exerts protective effects against metabolic disorders and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to explore whether Nrg4 could ameliorate DM-induced myocardial injury by regulating autophagy.
Methods
Four weeks after the establishment of a type 1 diabetic model in mice, the mice received Nrg4 treatment (with or without an autophagy inhibitor) for another 4 weeks. Cardiac function, histological structure and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were investigated. Autophagy-related protein levels along with related signalling pathways that regulate autophagy were evaluated. In addition, the effects of Nrg4 on autophagy were also determined in cultured primary cardiomyocytes.
Results
Nrg4 alleviated myocardial injury both in vivo and in vitro. The autophagy level decreased in type 1 diabetic mice, and Nrg4 intervention reactivated autophagy. Furthermore, Nrg4 intervention was found to activate autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. Moreover, when autophagy was suppressed or the AMPK/mTOR pathway was inhibited, the beneficial effects of Nrg4 were diminished.
Conclusions
Nrg4 intervention attenuated diabetic cardiomyopathy by promoting autophagy in type 1 diabetic mice. Additionally, Nrg4 induced autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway.
Multi-scale habitat models influence a freshwater-obligate mustelid in the Southern Deccan Plateau, India
Authors: Moun Ankit , P Ramesh Kumar , M Malathi Priya , Kalle Riddhika , T Ramesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Context: The changing land-use patterns surrounding freshwater bodies influences the habitat ecology of semi-aquatic mammals through alterations in stream characteristics and riparian habitat. Conservation of otters in inland freshwaters exposed to high anthropogenic activity requires an understanding of their multi-scale factorial responses for effective ecosystem-level and site-specific habitat management. Objectives: We aimed to predict the occupancy and detection probability of smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata along the Tungabhadra Otter Conservation Reserve (TOCR) taking stream characteristics, riparian vegetation and anthropogenic disturbances at the local-scale and hydro-environmental characteristics and land uses at the landscape-scale.Methods: We sampled 180 stream segments (100 m – 400 m) as spatial replicates of 60 1 km2 sites to record smooth-coated otter evidence (spraints and mass latrine sites) along TOCR in the dry season. We applied Markovian-chain detection and occupancy models to assess the multi-scale habitat use of otters.Results: At the local-scale, probability of otter site use increased with proportion of bank vegetation, and decreased with anthropogenic pressure while the species probability of detection decreased with grass cover. At the landscape-scale, probability of otter site use increased with stream power, river area, stream order and proportion of sugarcane fields.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the first empirical evidence of multi-scale habitat use of a southern Indian population of smooth-coated otters in a freshwater ecosystem surrounded by the scrub jungle-agriculture matrix. We suggest that habitat models built from analytical approaches that account for correlated detections can avoid biased predictions when estimating occupancy and detection probability of semi-aquatic or riparian mammal communities with linear distributions.
Lower extremity muscle strength is a factor in the early stage of development of locomotive syndrome in Japanese American women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kawae Toshihiro , Nomura Takuo , Nakashima Yuki , Ohno Haruya , Yoneda Masayasu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Obesity and lower extremity muscle strength (LEMS) is a factor in the development of locomotive syndrome (LS), but the influence of gender differences on its development has not been clarified. We aimed to determine whether obesity and LEMS are associated with LS by sex, using a Japanese American population with a high prevalence of obesity.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional study of 564 people living in Los Angeles, United States of America. The LS stage was graded using the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. The LEMS was determined by the knee extension force (KEF). Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between LS stage and KEF, age, and obesity-related parameters.
Results
No significant differences were found in the prevalence rates of non-LS, stage 1 LS, and stage 2 LS among the different age groups for men. In contrast, significant differences were observed in the LS prevalence rates the different age groups for women. In men, KEF was significantly lower in the stage 2 LS group than in the non-LS group. Conversely, in women, KEF was significantly lower in the stage 1 LS and stage 2 LS groups than the non-LS group. KEF was significantly associated with LS in the stage 2 LS group in men, while age and KEF were significantly associated with LS in the stage 1 LS and stage 2 LS groups in women.
Conclusions
KEF was found to be a factor in the development of stage 2 LS in men and stages 1 and 2 LS in women. Therefore, efforts to prevent muscle weakness in KEF from the early stage of LS in women are considered a necessary intervention.
Exploiting Synergistic Effect of Controlled Co-Delivery Medicine for Soft Tissue Transplantation using Double System of Bio-Multifunctional Hydrogel
Authors: Tang Xiaoduo , Ren Jingyan , Wei Xin , Wang Tao , Sun Yihan , Liu Yang , Chi Mingli , Zhu Shoujun , Lu Laijin , Zhang Junhu , Yang Bai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Autologous skin flap transplantation is a common method to repair complex soft tissue defects caused by cancer, trauma, and congenital malformations, among other conditions; however, limited blood supply range and post-transplantation ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can cause distal necrosis of the flap and loss of long-term function, severely limiting the indications for this type of surgery. Here, development of a bio-multifunctional hydrogel for programmatic co-delivery medicine, DCDM, that meets the blood supply requirements of skin flap transplantation and can deliver two types of gas molecules, CO and NO, in a timely manner and with a concentration gradient during surgery, is described. DCDM maintains the immediate opening of blood flow channels in transplanted tissue and effective blood perfusion throughout the perioperative period, activating perfusion of the hemodynamic donor site. These results demonstrate that DCDM promotes distal vascularization and long-term functional reconstruction of transplanted tissues by inhibiting inflammatory damage and accelerating blood vessel formation. The findings presented here are applicable to the extended fields of large soft tissue defect repair and transplant of various organs.
Survey on the viral contamination of environmental surfaces around patients with COVID-19
Authors: Hayase Atsuko , Ogata Masayuki , Hiki Makoto , Okada Yasuhiro , Kubo Shun , Sato Mari , Naito Toshio , Tabe Yoko , Manabe Kenji , Mori Takuya , Ota Noriyasu , Hori Satoshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has contributed to significant morbidity and mortality globally. Despite prior findings detecting SARS-CoV-2 genes on environmental surfaces, little research has examined the role of environmental viruses on disease spread. Thus, the present study examined the SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the hospital setting. In the study, 14 sites in the hospital room and one site on the back of nurses’ scrubs were sampled for virus detection. Of the 134 collected samples, 66 were positive for viral RNA (49.3%). Viral RNA detection rates were highest for samples obtained from patients’ masks and pajamas, and the likelihood of viral positivity decreased with increasing distance from the patient’s mouth. Meanwhile, SARS-CoV-2 was detected at sites distant from the patient’s mouth, including the shower room and patient room doorknobs, indicating the potential for the virus to spread through hand contact by infected patients. In addition, infectious virus was detected in 3 samples (2.2%). To our knowledge, this is the first report of SARS-CoV-2, which retain infectious, detected on environmental surfaces. Our findings illustrated the need for frequent cleaning of surfaces to prevent the in-hospital spread of COVID-19.
Biodegradable and Biorecyclable Organic Glass
Authors: Xing Ruirui , Yuan Chengqian , Fan Wei , Ren Xiaokang , Yan Xuehai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Glass is ubiquitous in life and widely used in various fields. However, there is an urgent need to develop biodegradable and biorecyclable glasses that have a minimal environmental footprint toward a sustainable society and a circular materials economy. Here, we report a family of eco-friendly organic glasses of biological origin fabricated using biologically-derived amino acids or peptides through the classic heating-quenching procedure. Amino acids and peptides with chemical modification at their ends are found able to form a supercooled liquid before decomposition and eventually glass upon quenching. These developed glasses exhibit excellent glass-forming ability and optical characteristics and are amenable to 3D printed additive manufacturing and mould casting. Crucially, the glasses show biocompatibility, biodegradability and biorecyclability beyond the currently used commercial glasses and plastic materials.
A mathematical approach to evaluate the extent of groundwater contamination using polynomial approximation
Authors: Agrawal Purushottam , Sinha Alok , Pasupuleti Srinivas , Sinha Jitendra , Chatterjee Ayan , Kumar Satish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater is being contaminated rapidly due to various anthropogenic activities and geogenic sources. In this direction, assessment of water quality analysis is the basic requirement for nurturing the human being and its evolution. The Water Quality Index (WQI) parameter has been widely used in determining water quality globally. The study aims to provide the suitability of groundwater in the specified region using the polynomial approximation method for drinking and irrigation purposes along with the computation of WQI using the conventional method. Weierstrass's polynomial approximation theorem along with longitudinal and latitudinal values has been used to evaluate the polynomial regarding various physicochemical parameters. To validate the obtained results from the present approach, groundwater quality data collected and analyzed from the Pindrawan tank area in Raipur district, Chhattisgarh, India, have been used. The result is obtained, i.e., the intermediate value of the parameters obtained correctly from the mathematical modeling, with an average error of 7%. This polynomial approximation method can also be used as the substitute of inverse modeling to determine the location of the source in the two-dimensional system. The approach output can be beneficial to administrators in making decisions on groundwater quality and gaining insight into the tradeoff between system benefit and environmental requirement.
Effects of pharmaceuticals compounds and calcium on granulation, microbiology, and performance of anaerobic granular sludge systems
Authors: Faria Clara V. , Costa Flávia C. R. , Jorge Alexandre E. L. , Melo Ana Luísa P. , Silva Ubiana. C. M. , Santos Vera L. , Amaral Míriam C. S. , Fonseca Fabiana V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Granular sludge is a promising biotechnology to treat sewage contaminated with pharmaceuticals due to its increased toxicity resistance. In this context, this study evaluated the potential of Ca2+ as a granulation precursor and how pharmaceutical compounds (loratadine, prednisone, fluconazole, fenofibrate, betamethasone, 17α-ethinyl estradiol, and ketoprofen) affect granulation. Continuous and intermittent dosages of Ca2+ in the presence and absence of pharmaceuticals were evaluated. The results showed that intermittent addition of Ca2+ reduces the time for anaerobic sludge granulation, and pharmaceuticals presence did not impair granulation. 10% of the granules presented mean diameters greater than 2.11 mm within 93 days with intermittent Ca2+ dosage in the pharmaceuticals’ presence. In contrast, no granules higher than 2.0 mm were observed with no precursor addition. The pharmaceuticals' toxicity may have created a stress condition for the microbial community, contributing to more EPS production and a greater potential for granulation. It was also verified that pharmaceuticals’ presence did not decrease organic matter, total alkalinity, and volatile fatty acids removals. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed taxa resistance to recalcitrant compounds when pharmaceuticals were added. Besides, the efficiency of a granular sludge bioreactor (EGSB) was evaluated for pharmaceuticals removal, and betamethasone, fenofibrate, and prednisone were effectively removed.