bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate N addition improves soil aggregate stability throughAMFand glomalin‐related soil proteins in a semiarid agroecosystem
Authors: Zhang Yu , Dong Lingbo , Shangguan Zhouping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSoil aggregation and structural stability play a crucial role in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, the underlying mechanisms of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP) responses to N addition and their impacts on soil aggregation and organic carbon stability remain unclear. Hence, a 16‐year field N addition experiment on winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) was conducted to investigate the effects on the stability of soil structure and SOC fractions via AMF and GRSP. Overall, N addition increased the soil aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD), which exhibited an increase in the proportion of large macroaggregates and a decrease in the proportion of silt‐clay fractions. Appropriate N (180 kg N ha−1) input increased SOC stability and total SOC stock, while excessive N (360 kg N ha−1) input increased labile organic carbon fractions, and active C index and decreased the C stock. The concentrations of SOC, total GRSP (T‐GRSP), and easily extractable GRSP (EE‐GRSP) showed the largest increases in small macroaggregates, and GRSP was significantly correlated with SOC, recalcitrant organic carbon, and MWD (p < 0.05). These results indicated that appropriate N addition promoted AMF to secrete GRSP, which in turn favoured large macroaggregation and enhanced the physical protection of SOC. Meanwhile, the increased GRSP stimulated the accumulation of recalcitrant C, thus improving soil organic carbon stability and carbon sequestration capacity. The study suggested that appropriate N addition (180 kg N ha−1) should be used to improve the carbon sequestration potential of farmland on the Loess Plateau.
A Novel Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Based Hydrogel with Ultra‐Fast Self‐Healing Ability and Excellent Stretchability Based on Multi Dynamic Covalent Bond Cross‐Linking
Authors: Ji Nan , Luo Jin , Zhang Weiwei , Sun Jun , Wang Jianjun , Qin Chuanxiang , Zhuo Qiqi , Dai Lixing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel self‐healing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐based hydrogel is developed by cross‐linking PVA chains through multi dynamic covalent bonds by use of a small cross‐linker composed by 4‐formylphenylboric acid (FPBA) and lysine (Lys). The dynamic borate‐imine‐imine‐borate bond structure between PVA chains endows the hydrogel excellent stretchability and ultra‐fast self‐healing ability without external stimulation. The self‐healing efficiency can attain 94% and the elongation at break can reach up to near 1000% after only 3 min healing. Moreover, the self‐healing of the hydrogel through the contact of two faces from both the same cut position and different cut positions has similar excellent efficiency. The hydrogel with the unusual self‐healing performance and stretchability is used as an ideal material in strain sensors monitoring human movement and tiny vibrations caused by human voice. Interestingly, the sensor can continue to function normally after self‐healing for only ≈3 s. It is expected that this simple strategy of fabricating self‐healing hydrogels with multi dynamic bonds will provide new opportunities in the design and preparation of PVA‐based hydrogels to expand their potential applications in sensors and other various fields.
Explaining vaccine hesitancy: A COVID‐19 study of the United States
Authors: Goel Rajeev K. , Jones James R. , Saunoris James W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUsing recent data on the unvaccinated population across US states, this paper focuses on the determinants of vaccine hesitancy related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Findings show that more prosperous states and states with more elderly residents and more physicians have lower vaccine hesitancy. There was some evidence of the significance of race, but internet access and history of other contagious diseases failed to make a difference. States with centralized health systems and those with mask mandates generally had a lower percentage of unvaccinated populations. Finally, the presence of Democrats in state legislatures tended to lower vaccination hesitancies, ceteris paribus.
Kearns‐Sayre syndrome case. Novel 5,9 kb mtDNA deletion
Authors: Grigalionienė Kristina , Burnytė Birutė , Balkelienė Danutė , Ambrozaitytė Laima , Utkus Algirdas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundKearns‐Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a rare multisystem mitochondrial disorder characterized by onset before 20 years of age and a typical clinical triad: progressive external ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy and cardiac conduction anomalies. In most cases KSS is caused by spontaneous heteroplasmic single large‐scale mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions. Long‐range polymerase chain reaction (LR‐PCR), next generation sequencing (NGS) and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) are the most widely applied methods for the identification of mtDNA deletions. Here, we report the case of 20‐year‐old male who presented with classic Kearns‐Sayre syndrome, confirmed by novel 5,9 kb mtDNA deletion.Methods and resultsLR‐PCR and MLPA methods were applied to identify the mitochondrial DNA deletion for the patient, but the results were conflicting. Molecular analysis using primer walking and Sanger sequencing identified a novel 5888 base pairs mtDNA deletion (NC_012920.1:m.6069_11956del) with CAAC nucleotides repeat sequence at the breakpoints.ConclusionOur study enriched the mtDNA variation spectrum associated with KSS and demonstrated the importance of choosing relevant molecular genetic methods.
Synthesis of sparse square arrays with high beam collection efficiency under minimum element spacing constraints
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Han Ziyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis letter presents a large spacing nonuniform distribution, uniform excitation sparse square array model to maximize beam collection efficiency (BCE) and minimize sidelobe level outside the collection area (CSL) of the transmitting antenna in microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) systems. We improve the position update parameters in the dynamic weight particle swarm optimization (DWPSO) algorithm by adding multiobjective learning features (MODWPSO). We use MODWPSO to optimize the elements' positions to maximize BCE and minimize CSL and discuss the effect of the minimum element spacing value on BCE and CSL. By comparing the array performance with a typical array model, it can be concluded that the proposed large spacing sparse nonuniform distribution, uniform excitation square array model has higher BCE, lower CSL, and fewer costs.
A broadband and low‐profile magnetoelectric dipole antenna with low radar cross section
Authors: Du Yubiao , Sun Yurong , Guo Weidong , Xu Juan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel broadband and low profile magnetoelectric dipole (MED) antenna with a low radar cross section (RCS) is proposed. The 10 dB RCS reduction is achieved by shifting the reflected energy to six directions, which is an efficient optimization method based on convolutional operations. Specifically, the polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) unit with high polarization conversion rate is constructed and employed in the MED antenna for RCS reduction. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. Measured results depict that the low RCS antenna offers good impedance matching in 12–15.6 GHz (relative bandwidth 26%). Compared with the reference antenna, the RCS of the proposed antenna is reduced by more than 10 dB from 9.9 to 16 GHz. It is proved that the proposed antenna has broadband and stable radiation performance and outstanding specular reflecting suppression capabilities.
Overlooked by nurses: A scoping review on health stressors, problems and coping of migrant domestic workers
Authors: Ho Ken Hok Man , Wilson Ingrid M. , Wong Janet Yuen‐Ha , McKenna Lisa , Reisenhofer Sonia , Efendi Ferry , Smith Graeme D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThe first scoping review is to map and synthesize the stressors, problems and coping strategies surrounding the health issues of migrant domestic workers.DesignScoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's five‐stage framework.MethodsTen electronic databases were systematically searched by keywords for literature published between January 1995 and December 2019. Data were extracted into tables and collated and summarized into themes for presentation.ResultsTwenty‐seven reports were included in the final review. Analysis revealed that stressors to health included abuse, poor health service accessibility, ongoing financial hardship despite demanding working conditions and social isolation. Physical and mental health problems were identified for which migrant domestic workers largely depended on social networks and religion to cope with stressors and health problems. Training para‐professional peer leaders of migrant domestic workers by community nurses and including them in interprofessional teams is a possible way for nurses to promote their health and well‐being.
Teacher stress and burnout: The role of psychological work resources and implications for practitioners
Authors: Brady Lisa L. , McDaniel Sara C. , Choi Youn‐Jeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhen we think about the issues currently confronted by those who work in schools, stress and burnout among teachers and other practitioners is recognized as a widespread concern due to the adverse effects on students, schools, and communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of job stress on the experienced burnout of teachers, and to examine the variability in burnout attributable to a specific psychological resource, namely, an individual's work‐related sense of coherence (Work‐SoC). A descriptive, cross‐sectional analysis was conducted using data collected through an online survey from 231 primary and secondary school teachers in the United States. Results from correlational and regression analyses demonstrate that two forms of work stress—perceived quantity and perceived quality—are important predictors of burnout. Further, Work‐SoC contributes to variability in teacher burnout even after accounting for perceived work and life stress, suggesting its important role in buffering teachers from the experience of burnout. Implications for practitioners for reducing teacher stress and burnout are discussed.
Biological activity of some thiazolyl‐thiadiazines as BACE‐1 inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease in the light of density functional theory based quantum descriptors
Authors: Mondal Roy Sutapa , Mehta Bijal R. , Trivedi Sarthak , Sharma Bhumika K. , Roy Debesh R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents first report on a systematic investigation on developing quantum chemical descriptors on understanding biological activity (pIC50) of a series of 10 thiazolyl‐thiadiazines (ID‐01 to ID‐10) as Beta site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE‐1) protein inhibitors for Alzheimer diseases, under density functional theory. The interactions between inhibitors and model biomolecule are studied in terms of charge and energy transfer, where the target biomolecule at the host BACE‐1 protein is identified from the family of 20 amino acids, which are universal to all living organisms. The present study identifies electron affinity (EA), total electronic energy (E), and the electron transfer with amino acid (∆E) of thiazolyl‐thiadiazines as promising descriptors, which can explain about 90% of observed biological activity. The developed regression model for training set is also validated for unknown test set of homologous compounds. The developed quantum chemical descriptors for prediction of the biological activity of thiazolyl‐thiadiazines will certainly be an excellent addition in the QSAR parlance of drug development.
Evidence of ground ice melting detected by InSAR and in situ monitoring over permafrost terrain on the Qinghai‐Xizang (Tibet) Plateau
Authors: Wang Lingxiao , Zhao Lin , Zhou Huayun , Liu Shibo , Hu Guojie , Li Zhibin , Wang Chong , Zhao Jianting 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe thawing of ice‐rich permafrost has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, we analyzed both the ground surface deformation time series spanning 6 years, derived through the SBAS‐InSAR technique on the Qinghai‐Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QTP), and the long‐term active layer soil temperature and moisture in situ observations and their relationships. The results showed that long‐term subsidence velocity directly represents the melting of ground ice instead of the thickening rate of the active layer by a quantitative analysis of both terrain subsidence velocity and active layer thickening rate and the increase in liquid water at the bottom of the active layer. Ice‐poor permafrost thawing does not result in distinct subsidence, although the active layer deepening rate can be very high. The spatial analysis reveals that long‐term deformation velocities are large in the foothills and on gentle slopes (1–5 degrees) and are closely related to geomorphological conditions, which could regulate the soil properties and ground ice content. These findings improve the understanding of the thawing degradation of icy permafrost and promote method developments for the automated mapping of ground ice melting in permafrost environments.
A New Method to Correct Interior Ballistic Characteristics of Multi‐Projectile System Based on Rarefaction Wave Theory
Authors: Huang Xi , Cheng Cheng , Wang Chong , Zhang Xiaobing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the most significant challenges in designing a hyper‐firing‐rate weapon is to balance the interior ballistics behaviors of a multi‐projectile system. This paper proposes a multi‐projectile system with a front nozzle to correct interior ballistic characteristics based on rarefaction wave theory. Firstly, a two‐dimensional two‐phase flow model for the hyper‐firing‐rate weapon is established. Then the application to a standard virtual gun as a benchmark for interior ballistic codes is used to validate the accuracy. In addition, the interior ballistics behaviors of the three‐projectile system without and with the front nozzle are investigated. Finally, the interior ballistics behaviors of the three‐projectile system are corrected by changing the open time of the front nozzle. The results show that the new correction method for the multi‐projectile system reduces the recoil and the pressure while balancing the muzzle velocity. The finding guides future ballistic research on the multi‐projectile system.
A perspective on the current use of the phase distribution model for predicting milk‐to‐plasma drug concentration ratio
Authors: Zhang Mian , Sychterz Caroline , Chang Ming , Huang Lu , Schmidt Brian J. , Gaohua Lu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe phase distribution model, proposed by Atkinson and Begg in 1990, has been widely used for predicting breastmilk‐to‐plasma drug concentration ratio. However, misrepresentations of the equations have been noted in recent publications. In this perspective, we revisit the derivation of the equations and provide an R/Shiny interface for the model with a view to helping scientists in this field acquire in‐depth understanding of the theoretical background and implementation of the model.
Synergistic anticancer effect of flavonoids from Sophora alopecuroides with Sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Feng , Sun Zhong‐Lin , Ma Jing , Hu Bo , Yu Min‐Cheng , Liu Xiu‐Jie , Yang Ping , Xu Yang , Ju Dianwen , Mu Qing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSorafenib (SF), a multi‐kinase inhibitor, is the first FDA‐approved systemic chemotherapy drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical application is limited by severe toxicity and side effects associated with high applied doses. Sophora alopecuroides L. is traditionally used as Chinese herbal medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases, bacillary dysentery, viral hepatitis, and other diseases, and exerts an important role in anti‐tumor. Hence, we investigated the synergistic actions of seventeen flavonoids from this herb combined with SF against HCC cell lines and their primary mechanism. In the experiment, most compounds were found to prominently enhance the inhibitory effects of SF on HCC cells than their alone treatment. Among them, three compounds leachianone A (1), sophoraflavanone G (3), and trifolirhizin (17) exhibited significantly synergistic anticancer activities against MHCC97H cells at low concentration with IC50 of SF reduced by 5.8‐fold, 3.6‐fold, and 3.5‐fold corresponding their CI values of 0.49, 0.66, and 0.46 respectively. Importantly, compounds 3 or 17 combined with SF could synergistically induce MHCC97H cells apoptosis via the endogenously mitochondrial‐mediated apoptotic pathway, involving higher Bax/Bcl‐2 expressions with the activation of caspase‐9 and ‐3, and arrest the cell cycle in G1 phases. Strikingly, this synergistic effect was also closely related to the co‐suppression of ERK and AKT signaling pathways. Furthermore, compound 3 significantly enhanced the suppression of SF on tumor growth in the HepG2 xenograft model, with a 79.3% inhibition ratio at high concentration, without systemic toxicity, compared to either agent alone. These results demonstrate that the combination treatment of flavonoid 3 and SF at low doses exert synergistic anticancer effects on HCC cells in vitro and in vivo.
The effects of phytosterol and phytostanol supplementation on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xia Wei , Xiang Song , Gaman Mihnea‐Alexandru , Jamilian Parmida , Prabahar Kousalya , Du Guanggang , Gao Dan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVarious studies have proven that phytosterols and phytostanols (PS) are lipid‐lowering agents. These compounds play a role in regulating high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Although various drugs are available and are currently used to treat dyslipidemia, the management of lipid abnormalities during the postmenopausal period remains a challenge. Thus, scientists are trying to develop new strategies to reduce serum lipids concentrations using natural products. However, the impact of PS administration on serum lipids in postmenopausal women remains unclear. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of PS supplementation on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women based on a systematic review of the literature and a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify suitable papers published until January 18, 2022. We combined the effect sizes with the DerSimonian and Laird method using a random effects model. PS supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in TC (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −16.73 mg/dl) and LDL‐C (WMD: −10.06 mg/dl) levels. No effect of PS supplementation on TG (WMD: −1.14 mg/dl) or HDL‐C (WMD: −0.29 mg/dl) concentrations was detected. In the stratified analysis, there was a notable reduction in TC and LDL‐C levels when the PS dose was ≥2 g/day (TC: −22.22 mg/dl and LDL‐C: −10.14 mg/dl) and when PS were administered to participants with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (TC: −20.22 mg/dl and LDL‐C: −14.85 mg/dl). PS administration can decrease TC and LDL‐C, particularly if the dose of administration is ≥2 g/day and if the participants are overweight or obese. Further high‐quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of PS usage in postmenopausal females.
Deep reinforcement learning for resilient microgrid expansion planning with multiple energy resource
Authors: Pang Kexin , Zhou Jian , Tsianikas Stamatis , Ma Yizhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMicrogrid has attracted more and more attention to provide backup power for customers in the case of power grid outages. Microgrid expansion planning is significant to handle the increasing customer demand and to enhance power resilience. Current research about long‐term microgrid expansion planning rarely if ever considered the uncertainties associated with energy storage and power generation units, for example, battery cycle degradation. These factors have important influence on the performance of microgrid expansion planning in reality. In this paper, a long‐term microgrid expansion planning model with multiple energy resource is presented. Deep reinforcement learning method is used to obtain the cost‐effective microgrid expansion policies to enhance power resilience. In the case study, optimal microgrid expansion planning is achieved based on the proposed model. The impacts of battery degradation and resilience constraint on microgrid expansion policy optimization are also investigated. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method on economic and resilient microgrid expansion planning.
Multi‐event‐triggered adaptive critic control with guaranteed cost for discrete‐time nonlinear nonzero‐sum games
Authors: Wang Ding , Hu Lingzhi , Qiao Junfei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, a new event‐based adaptive critic algorithm with multiple triggering conditions is investigated to address multi‐player nonzero‐sum game problems for discrete‐time nonlinear dynamics. In order to improve resource utilization while ensure mutual independence among players, the corresponding novel triggering conditions are designed for each player. The corresponding control input is updated only when the relevant triggering condition is violated. It is emphasized that these triggering conditions are established based on the iteration of the time‐triggered mechanism. Then, according to the setting triggering conditions, we prove that the real cost function possesses a predetermined upper bound, which realizes the cost guarantee of the controlled system. Additionally, the multi‐player closed‐loop system is proved to be asymptotically stable and the multi‐event‐triggered control method is implemented by constructing three kinds of neural networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed multi‐event‐triggered control approach is verified through conducting two simulation examples.