bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial activity of recently approved antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Fei , Rajabi Sajad , Shi Chunhua , Afifirad Ghazale , Omidi Nazanin , Kouhsari Ebrahim , Khoshnood Saeed , Azizian Khalil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are considered an important public health problem, and treatment options are limited. Accordingly, in this meta-analysis, we analyzed published studies to survey in vitro activity of recently approved antibiotics against MRSA isolates.

Methods
We searched electronic databases; PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies (until November 30, 2020) that have focused on the in vitro activity of telavancin, dalbavancin, oritavancin, and tedizolid against MRSA isolates. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software (version 14.0).

Results
Thirty-eight studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall in vitro activity of tedizolid on 12,204 MRSA isolates was 0.250 and 0.5 µg/mL for MIC50 and MIC90, (minimum inhibitory concentration at which 50% and 90% of isolates were inhibited, respectively), respectively. The overall antibacterial activity of dalbavancin on 28539 MRSA isolates was 0.060 and 0.120 µg/mL for MIC50 and MIC90, respectively. The overall antibacterial activity of oritavancin on 420 MRSA isolates was 0.045 and 0.120 µg/mL for MIC50 and MIC90, respectively. The overall antibacterial activity of telavancin on 7353 MRSA isolates was 0.032 and 0.060 µg/mL for MIC50 and MIC90, respectively. The pooled prevalence of tedizolid, telavancin, and dalbavancin susceptibility was 100% (95% CI: 100–100).

Conclusion
Telavancin, dalbavancin, oritavancin, and tedizolid had potent in vitro activity against MRSA isolates. The low MICs and high susceptibility rates of these antibiotics recommend a hopeful direction to introduce useful antibiotics in treating MRSA infections in the future.
Understanding heterogeneity among individuals who smoke cigarettes and vape: assessment of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm among subpopulations from the PATH Wave 1 Data
Authors: Lizhnyak Pavel N. , Noggle Brendan , Wei Lai , Edmiston Jeffery , Becker Elizabeth , Black Ryan A. , Sarkar Mohamadi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
People who both smoke cigarettes and vape are often considered as a homogenous group even though multiple subgroups may exist. We examined biomarkers of exposure (BOE) and biomarkers of potential harm (BOPH) to differentiate between subgroups of people who smoke and vape based on PATH Study Wave 1 (2013–2014) data.

Methods
We compared people who only smoke cigarettes everyday (Group A, n = 2442) and people who only vape everyday (Group C, n = 169) against people who smoke and vape segmented into subgroups of people who frequently smoke and vape (Group B1, n = 169), frequently smoke and infrequently vape (Group B2, n = 678), frequently vape and infrequently smoke (Group B3, n = 57), and infrequently smoke and vape (Group B4, n = 66). Eighteen BOEs (representing exposure to TSNAs, nicotine, heavy metals, PAHs, and volatile organic compounds) and four BOPHs (representing inflammation and oxidative stress) were compared within the subgroups.

Results
Levels of many BOEs/BOPHs were higher among Group B2 relative to Groups B1, B3, and B4. Compared to Group A, many BOEs were significantly lower in Groups B3 (15/18) and B4 (17/18), and some BOEs were higher among B2 (4/18). Compared to Group C, significantly lower BOEs were observed for Group B4 (2/18).

Conclusions
Overall, the levels of BOEs and BOPHs in people who smoke and vape are associated with frequency of cigarette smoking. Our findings indicate that not all people who smoke and vape are the same, and tobacco product use frequency should be considered when categorizing people who smoke and vape.
Rs6757 in microRNA-3976 binding site of CD147 confers risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in South Chinese population
Authors: Guo Fenfen , Li Hong , Wang Lizhong , Song Xiaoping , Wang Jiangfeng , Feng Qingqing , Zong Jinbao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) overexpression plays a key role in the proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between rs6757 and the HCC risk in the South Chinese population, and the functional significance of rs6757 by affecting the efficacy of microRNA-3976 (miR-3976) binding to the CD147 3′-UTR.

Methods
We performed a retrospective case-control study to analyze the association between rs6757 and the risk of HCC. We chose candidate microRNAs with the potential of interacting with rs6757 through a series of silico analyses. A luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to detect the binding extent of microRNAs to each polymorphic allele of rs6757.

Results
An obvious association between rs6757 and the risk of HCC was detected in C vs. T (OR = 1.826, 95% CI [1.263–2.642]), CC vs. TT (OR = 4.513, 95% CI [1.510–13.489]), dominant genetic model (OR = 1.824, 95% CI [1.120–2.965]), and recessive genetic model (OR = 3.765, 95% CI [1.286–11.020]). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR-3976 binding sites containing the rs6757-T allele had lower free energies than those with the C allele, the lower free energies, the higher affinities. Luciferase activity was remarkably decreased by miR-3976 binding to the CD147 3′-UTR bearing rs6757 T allele, which could be reversed by miR-3976 inhibitors. Furthermore, miR-3976 reduced the luciferase expression in a manner of dose-dependent when cotransfected with constructs with the CD147-TT-pSICHECK2.

Conclusions
The research we have done suggests that rs6757 confers the CD147 allele-specific translational suppression by miR-3976, which provides a theoretical basis for antineoplastic therapy targeting CD147.
Lymph node ratio is a prospective prognostic indicator for locally advanced gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Jiang Qi , Zeng Xiangyu , Zhang Chenggang , Yang Ming , Fan Jun , Mao Gan , Shen Qian , Yin Yuping , Liu Weizhen , Tao Kaixiong , Zhang Peng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe accuracy of lymph node ratio (LNR) as a prognostic index remains to be proven for gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). This study sought to investigate the prognostic value of LNR in locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) patients after NACT.MethodsLAGC patients with clinical TNM stages 2–3, Her2(−), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, scores 0–2 are routinely scheduled with NACT. Patients with LAGC after NACT and surgical operation between January 2012 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The correlation between LNR and survival was investigated.ResultsOverall, 148 patients were enrolled: 103 with low-LNR (LNR ≤ 30%) and 45 with high-LNR (LNR > 30%). Approximately, 50.5% and 24.4% patients responded to NACT at the primary site in the low-LNR and high-LNR groups, respectively. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of low-LNR group were considerably better than those of high-LNR group (3-year OS: 81.9% vs 18.5%,P< 0.001; 3-year PFS: 72.6% vs 13.5%,P< 0.001). In the low-LNR group, OS and PFS were superior in patients with tumor regression grade (TRG) 0–2 than in those with TRG 3 (3-year OS: 89.2% vs 73.2%,P= 0.086; 3-year PFS: 80.3% vs 66.5%,P= 0.036). In association with OS and PFS, the degree of tumor differentiation, TRG, and LNR were identified as predictive factors, and LNR was identified as the independent prognostic factor in univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively.ConclusionsLNR is a prospective index of prognosis in patients with LAGC after NACT.
Association between exposure to social media and knowledge of sexual and reproductive health among adolescent girls: evidence from the UDAYA survey in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Saha Ria , Paul Pintu , Yaya Sanni , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes amongst adolescent girls in India have been associated with inadequate knowledge of SRH. Evidence suggests that social media can promote health-seeking behaviors. Our objective in this study was to determine the association between exposure to social media and SRH knowledge among adolescent girls in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 10,425 adolescent girls from the UDAYA survey (wave-2, 2018–19). Girls’ exposure to social media was the key predictor, and SRH knowledge of sexual intercourse and pregnancy, contraceptive methods, and HIV/AIDS were outcomes of interest. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to assess the association between exposure to social media and knowledge of SRH among adolescent girls.

Results
Of the study participants (n = 10,425), 28.0% (n = 3,160) had exposure to social media. Overall, 8.7%, 11.4%, and 6.6% of respondents had sufficient knowledge of sexual intercourse and pregnancy, contraceptive methods, and HIV/AIDS, respectively. Exposure to social media was associated with increased odds of knowledge of sexual intercourse and pregnancy (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 1.61), contraceptive methods (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.67), and HIV/AIDS (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.84, 2.58).

Conclusions
Our study shows the potency of exposure to social media in influencing SRH knowledge, which exclusively benefits female adolescents who are educated, residing in urban areas, and from wealthier families. Digital media-focused interventions inclusive of socio-cultural contexts (e.g., strategic investment in education and creating economic opportunities) are crucial to optimize social media's impact on SRH knowledge enhancements.
Outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Liu Jing , Tang Guyu , Zhou Qin , Kuang Weilu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the prognostic factors affecting long-term survival in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 192 naive LACC (stage IIB–IVA) patients who underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy in Xiangya Hospital from January 2014 to June 2017. The clinicopathological factors of all patients were collected. To explore the relationship between factors and prognosis, survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the effect of various factors on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The nomogram and calibration curves were generated on the basis of survival analysis.

Results
The median follow-up time was 39.5 months. There-year rates of OS and PFS were 89.1% and 82.8%. LACC patients with non-squamous cell carcinoma [NSCC, including adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma (AC/ASC)], advanced stage (IIIA-IVA), initially positive lymph node (pelvic or para-aortic lymph node, PLN/PALN), and a lower pretreatment hemoglobin (HGB) level (< 126 g/L) had lower survival rates. In univariate analysis, patients with NSCC, advanced stage, PLN or PALN metastasis had worse OS. Patients with NSCC, advanced stage, PLN or PALN metastasis, and a lower pretreatment HGB level had worse PFS. In multivariate analysis, NSCC and PALN metastasis were independent prognostic parameters of OS. NSCC, PALN metastasis and a lower pretreatment HGB level were independent prognostic parameters of PFS.

Conclusions
NSCC and PALN metastasis were poor prognostic factors of OS and PFS, a lower pretreatment HGB level was an independent prognostic factor of PFS in LACC patients treated with CCRT.
Effects of steam on polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema based on saccharide mapping analysis and pharmacological activity assays
Authors: Chen Zherui , Zhu Baojie , Chen Zhixin , Cao Wen , Wang Junqiao , Li Shaoping , Zhao Jing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Polygonatum cyrtonema, one of origins of Polygonata Rhizoma (HuangJing in Chinese), is traditionally steamed repeatedly before being used as herbal medicine in China. However, there has no standard for steaming of HuangJing. Therefore, a comprehensive study for effects of steam on polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema based on saccharide mapping, a powerful method developed for polysaccharides analysis, and pharmacological activity are still necessary, which is helpful to explore the effect of steam on the physiochemical and biological activities of its polysaccharides and develop steaming standard of Polygonatum cyrtonema.

Methods
To explore the effect of steam on physiochemical and biological activities of P. cyrtonema polysaccharides (PCP), six polysaccharides named PCP0, PCP1, PCP2, PCP3, PCP4 and PCP5 were extracted from the herb consecutively steamed for 0–5 times, respectively. Their molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition and PACE fingerprints were investigated through HPSEC-MALLS-RID, HPAEC-PAD and saccharide mapping based on polysaccharides analysis by using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis (PACE) and HPTLC, respectively. In addition, their antioxidant ability and immunostimulatory activities on RAW 264.7 cells in terms of NO production and phagocytosis were compared.

Results
Results suggested that molecular weights could be changed during steam, which increased by first steaming and then decreased with further steaming though all polysaccharides’ molecular weights were 105-107 Da. They all showed irregularly spherical conformation in aqueous solution based on AFM imaging. Their monosaccharide composition and PACE fingerprints were significantly different after steaming, i.e., galactose increased while glucose and mannose decreased, and β-1,4-Galp appeared while β-1,4-Manp increased, after steaming. Steamed PCP significantly increased scavenging activity against ABTS radicals, while PCP0 had the best immunostimulatory effect on RAW 264.7 in terms of NO production and phagocytosis.

Conclusions
In summary, steam significantly affected the chemical composition and bioactivities of polysaccharides from P. cyrtonema. Considering the balance beneficial effects of steaming on antioxidant and immunopotentiation activities of PCP, 2 times of continuous steam is the optimal choice under the given conditions.
Transcriptome deregulation of peripheral monocytes and whole blood in GBA-related Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Riboldi Giulietta Maria , Vialle Ricardo A. , Navarro Elisa , Udine Evan , de Paiva Lopes Katia , Humphrey Jack , Allan Amanda , Parks Madison , Henderson Brooklyn , Astudillo Kelly , Argyrou Charalambos , Zhuang Maojuan , Sikder Tamjeed , Oriol Narcis J. , Kumar Shilpa Dilip , Janssen William , Sowa Allison , Comi Giacomo P. , Di Fonzo Alessio , Crary John F. , Frucht Steven J. , Raj Towfique 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Genetic mutations in beta-glucocerebrosidase (GBA) represent the major genetic risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). GBA participates in both the endo-lysosomal pathway and the immune response, two important mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of PD. However, modifiers of GBA penetrance have not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods
We characterized the transcriptomic profiles of circulating monocytes in a population of patients with PD and healthy controls (CTRL) with and without GBA variants (n = 23 PD/GBA, 13 CTRL/GBA, 56 PD, 66 CTRL) and whole blood (n = 616 PD, 362 CTRL, 127 PD/GBA, 165 CTRL/GBA). Differential expression analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, and outlier detection were performed. Ultrastructural characterization of isolated CD14+ monocytes in the four groups was also performed through electron microscopy.

Results
We observed hundreds of differentially expressed genes and dysregulated pathways when comparing manifesting and non-manifesting GBA mutation carriers. Specifically, when compared to idiopathic PD, PD/GBA showed dysregulation in genes involved in alpha-synuclein degradation, aging and amyloid processing. Gene-based outlier analysis confirmed the involvement of lysosomal, membrane trafficking, and mitochondrial processing in manifesting compared to non-manifesting GBA-carriers, as also observed at the ultrastructural levels. Transcriptomic results were only partially replicated in an independent cohort of whole blood samples, suggesting cell-type specific changes.

Conclusions
Overall, our transcriptomic analysis of primary monocytes identified gene targets and biological processes that can help in understanding the pathogenic mechanisms associated with GBA mutations in the context of PD.
Differentially expression and function of circular RNAs in ovarian cancer stem cells
Authors: Sohn Eun Jung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that regulate miRNA expression; however, their functions in cancer stem cells (CSCs) are not well known.

Methods
To determine the function of differentially expression of circRNAs associated with ovarian CSCs, circRNA profiling was conducted using a circRNA-based microarray on sphere-forming cells derived from A2780 and SKOV3 epithelial ovarian cancer cells termed A2780-SP and SKOV3-SP compared to monolayer cells such as A2780 and SKOV3 cells, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to predict the biological functions of the circRNAs expressed in CSCs.

Results
The circRNA-based microarray data showed that 159 circRNAs were significantly upregulated (fold change > 1.5) and 55 circRNAs were downregulated in ovarian CSCs compared to monolayer cells. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed circRNAs in ovarian CSCs showed that they were mainly involved in cell cycle, histone modification, cellular protein metabolic process, cell cycle, apoptotic signaling pathway, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in ovarian cancer. In addition, the hsa-circRNA000963-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed based on potential target of miRNAs. These analyses involved that the biological function of the hsa-circRNA00096/miRNA/mRNA network was involved in signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway, and production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrate the expression profiles of circRNAs in ovarian CSCs and suggest that circRNAs may be potential diagnostic and predictive biomarkers of ovarian cancer.
An increased potential for organ donors may be found among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Rasmussen Mads Anders , Moen Håvard Storsveen , Milling Louise , Munthe Sune , Rosenlund Christina , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Brøchner Anne Craveiro , Mikkelsen Søren 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
A prehospital system where obvious futile cases may be terminated prehospitally by physicians may reduce unethical treatment of dying patients. Withholding treatment in futile cases may seem ethically sound but may keep dying patients from becoming organ donors. The objective of this study was to characterise the prehospital patients who underwent organ donation. The aim was to alert prehospital physicians to a potential for an increase in the organ donor pool by considering continued treatment even in some prehospital patients with obvious fatal lesions or illness.

Methods
This is a retrospective register-based study from the Region of Southern Denmark. The prehospital medical records from patients who underwent organ donation after prehospital care from 1st of January 2016–31st of December 2020 were screened for inclusion. The outcome measures were prehospital diagnosis, vital parameters, and critical interventions.

Results
In the five year period, one-hundred-and-fifty-one patients were entered into a donation process in the health region following prehospital care. Sixteen patients were excluded due to limitations in data availability. Of the 135 patients included, 36.3% had a stroke. 36.7% of these patients were intubated prehospitally. 15.6% had subarachnoideal haemorrhage. 66.7% of these were intubated prehospitally. 10.4% suffered from head trauma. 64.3% of these patients were intubated at the scene. In 21.5% of the patients, the prehospitally assigned tentative diagnosis was missing or included a diverse spectrum of medical and surgical emergencies. Twenty-two patients (16.3%) were resuscitated from cardiac arrest. 81.8% were intubated at the scene.

Conclusion
The majority of the patients who became organ donors presented prehospitally with intracranial pathology. However, 30% of the patients that later underwent an organ donation process had other prehospital diagnoses. Among these, one patient in six had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Termination of treatment in patients with cardiac arrest is not uncommon in physician-manned prehospital emergency medical systems. An organ donation process cannot be initiated prehospitally but can be shut down if treatment is withheld or terminated. We contend that there is a potential for enlarging the donor pool if the decision processes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest include considerations concerning future procurement of organ donors.
Diencephalic syndrome in childhood, a challenging cause of failure to thrive: miniseries and literature review
Authors: Trapani Sandra , Bortone Barbara , Bianconi Martina , Rubino Chiara , Sardi Iacopo , Lionetti Paolo , Indolfi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of our study was to better define the clinical pattern of diencephalic syndrome, a rare but potentially lethal cause of failure to thrive in infancy. Poor weight gain or weight loss, the characteristic presenting feature, often firstly attributed to gastrointestinal or endocrinological or genetic diseases, is secondary to a malfunctioning hypothalamus, caused by a diencephalic tumor. Due to its unexpected clinical onset, diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis are common. We described a case series of 3 children with diencephalic syndrome admitted at our Hospital, over a 5-year period. Furthermore, a narrative review on all pediatric cases published in the last seventy years was performed. Clinical pattern, timing to diagnosis, neuroimaging, management, and outcome were analyzed. Our three cases are singularly described in all clinical and diagnostic findings. Overall, 100 children were selected; all these cases as well as our children presented with failure to thrive: 96% had body mass index or weight-length/height ratio lower than 5th percentile. Vomiting and hyperactivity are reported in 35 and 26% of cases, respectively. The neurological features, mainly nystagmus reported in 43%, may occur late in the disease course. In conclusion, the diagnostic delay is the hallmark of diencephalic syndrome, confirming the lack of knowledge by clinicians. The poor weight gain/loss despite adequate length growth and food intake, especially in children with hyperactivity and good psychomotor development, should alert pediatricians towards this condition, before neurological signs/symptoms occurrence.