bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive studies may have potential to replace cystoscopy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer follow-up
Authors: Lee Jongsoo , Heo Ji Eun , Lee Kwang Suk , Han Hyunho , Jang Won Sik , Choi Young Deuk 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundBladder cancer has a high recurrence rate which requires frequent follow-up. Cystoscopy is currently the gold standard for follow-up which is invasive and undesirable procedure for patients.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the feasibility of noninvasive studies for follow-up of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study was done for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients with abnormal lesion at follow up cystoscopy, therefore those needed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT). Inclusion criteria was patients who had preoperative bladder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within one month to TUR-BT and urine cytology results. MRI, urine cytology, and surgical pathology results were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, diagnostic odds ratio, and number needed to misdiagnose for the diagnostic performance of non-invasive studies.ResultsFrom total of 2,258 TUR-BT cases, 1,532 cases of initial TUR-BT and 481 cases which bladder MRI were not done was excluded. Finally, 245 cases of TUR-BT were included. Combined urine cytology and bladder MRI showed 96% sensitivity, 43% specificity, 89% positive and 67% negative predictive values, 87% accuracy, 16.2 diagnostic odds ratio, and 7.4 number needed to misdiagnose values. Among nine false-negative cases, three (1.2%) were missed by the radiologist, two (0.8%) had an empty bladder during magnetic resonance imaging, and three (1.2%) had gross hematuria which needed cystoscopy despite of bladder MRI or urine cytology result. Only one case (0.4%) was missed based on symptoms and noninvasive tests. However, none of the false-negative cases showed rapid extensive progression requiring radical or partial cystectomy.ConclusionsThe combination of bladder MRI and urine cytology was comparable to cystoscopy for the follow-up of recurred lesions in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients This may reduce the need for cystoscopy and allowing patients to have choices for follow up diagnostic methods. Also, additional imaging tests to evaluate kidney, ureter and peri-vesical lesions can be reduced.
Risk factors related to endoscopic resection conversion to laparoscopic resection for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Liu Luojie , Xu Xiaodan , Ye Ye , Shi Dongtao , Li Rui , Chen Weichang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gGISTs) is a commonly used treatment; however, there is a risk of conversion to laparoscopic resection (LR). The purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing conversion from ER to LR, and the effects of such a conversion on outcomes.Methods: From March 2010 to May 2021, patients with gGISTs were retrospectively reviewed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. Patient’s clinicopathological features and endoscopic procedure information were collected. Endpoints included the determination of risk factors associated with ER conversion to LR, with comparisons of surgical outcomes with and without conversion.Results：In total, 371 gGISTs were analyzed. Sixteen patients (4.3%) required conversion to LR during gGIST ER. Invasion depth (muscularis propria (MP)-ex: odds ratio (OR) 16.026, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.949–87.092, p<0.001) and gGIST size (≥ 3 cm: OR 6.747, 95% CI: 2.062–22.071, p=0.002) were independent risk factors for LR conversion. Conversion reasons included technical difficulties (nine patients had severe intraoperative bleeding and five had failed gastric perforation closure) and ER accidents (two patients had tumors accidentally fell into the abdominal cavity). Procedure (median 160.5 vs. 58.0 min, p<0.001), postoperative hospitalization (median 8 vs. 6 days, p<0.001), and postoperative fasting times (median 5 vs. 3 days, p<0.001) were significantly longer in LR conversion patients.However, En bloc R0 resection (93.8 vs. 90.4%, p>0.999) and recurrence (0 vs. 0.6%, p>0.999) were no different in patients with or without LR conversion. Conclusions: An increased awareness of conversion risk factors is important for better patient selection for gGIST ER. Accurate preoperative measurements of tumor size and invasion depth can help determine more appropriate surgical approaches for patients.
The involvement of cannabis sativa/CBD in prostate cancer pc3 cells progression inhibition
Authors: motadi lesetja Raymond , Jantjies Zodwa , Moleya Boitumelo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequently occurring carcinoma in males worldwide and one of the leading causes of death in men around the world. Recent studies estimate that over 1.4 million males are diagnosed with prostate cancer on an annual basis, with approximately 375 000 succumbing to the disease annually. With current treatments continuing to show severe side effects, there is a need for new treatments. In this study we looked at the effect of cannabis sativa extract, cannabidiol and cisplatin on prostate cancer cells, PC3.

Methods
In addressing the above questions, we employed the MTT assay to measure the antiproliferative effect on PC3 cells following treatment with varying concentrations of Cannabis sativa extract, cisplatin and cannabidiol. xCELLigence was also used to confirm the IC50 activity in which cells were grown in a 16 well plate coated with gold and monitor cell attachment. Caspase 3/7 activity was also measured using 96 well-plate following treatment. Western-blot and qRT-PCR was also used to measure the gene expression of tumour suppressor genes, p53, Bax and Bcl2. Animal studies were employed to measure the growth of PC3-mouse derived cancer to evaluate the effect of compounds in vivo .

Results
From the treatment with varying concentrations of Cannabis sativa extract, cannabidiol and cisplatin, we have observed that the three compounds induced antiproliferation of PC3 cancer cell lines through the activation of caspase 3/7 activity. We also observed induction of apoptosis in these cells following silencing of retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6), with upregulation of p53 and bax mRNA expression, and a reduction in Bcl2 gene expression. The growth of tumours in the mouse models were reduced following treatment with cisplatin and cannabidiol.
Conclusion
We demonstrated that cannabidiol is a viable therapy to treat prostate cancer cells, in combination with silencing of RBBP6. This suggests that cannabidiol rather Cannabis sativa extract may play an important role in reducing cancer progression.
complete uni-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for surgical stabilization of rib fractures: a case report
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wen Ming , Kong Weiqing , Li Xu , Liu Zhuan , Liu Xin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Rib fractures are a common injury in trauma. Potential complications include pain, pneumonia, respiratory failure, disability, and death. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) has become an available treatment option nowadays, and complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) for SSRF is gradually accepted because of minimally invasive and pain relief. To our knowledge, complete uni-port VATS for SSRF has not yet been reported.
Case presentation:
A 53-year-old man accidentally fell off a three-meter high scaffolding while working resulting in severe chest pain and shortness of breath. He was found with left 7th through 11th rib fractures with a pulmonary contusion from computed tomography (CT). A 4 cm incision was made in the 7th intercostal space in the midaxillary line, and complete uni-port VATS for SSRF were operated. The patient's pain was significantly relieved after the operation, and the scar was tiny and unapparent.
Conclusions
Complete uni-port VATS for SSRF is safe and feasible.
Superatomic Icosahedral-C n B 12-n (n = 0, 1, 2) Stuffed Mononuclear and Binuclear Borafullerene and Borospherene Nanoclusters with Spherical Aromaticity
Authors: Zhang Min , Jia Wei-Ping , Zhang Ting , Pei Bin-Bin , Xu Jia , Tian Xinxin , Lu Hai-Gang , Li Si-Dian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Boron and boron-based nanoclusters exhibit unique structural and bonding patterns in chemistry. Extensive density functional theory calculations performed in this work predict the mononuclear walnut-like Ci C50B54 (1) (C2B10@C48B44), C1 C50B54 (2) (CB11@C49B43), and S10 C50B54 (3) (B12@C50B42) which contain one icosahedral-CnB12-n core (n = 0, 1, 2) at the center following the Wade’s skeletal electron counting rules and the approximately electron sufficient binuclear peanut-like Cs C88B78 (4) ((C2B10)2@C84B58), Cs C88B78 (5) ((CB11)2@C86B56), Cs C88B78 (6) ((B12)2@C88B54), Cs B180 (7) ((B12)2@B156), Cs B182 (8) ((B12)2@B158), and Cs B184 (9) ((B12)2@B160) which encapsulate two interconnected CnB12-n icosahedrons inside. These novel core-shell borafullerene and borospherene nanoclusters appear to be the most stable species in thermodynamics in the corresponding cluster size ranges reported to date. Detailed bonding analyses indicate that the icosahedral B122-, CB11-, and C2B10 cores in these core-shell structures possess the superatomic electronic configuration of 1S21P61D101F8, rendering spherical aromaticity and extra stability to the systems. Such superatomic icosahedral-CnB12-n stuffed borafullerenes and borospherenes with spherical aromaticity may serve as embryos to form bulk boron allotropes and their carbon-boron binary counterparts in bottom-up approaches.
Machine Learning Classifiers Help to Manage COVID-19 Distribution in China
Authors: Wei Jiaming , Mingxuan Yao , Alsahfi Zakaria , Ye Taiping , Snir Eli , Rahmani Bahareh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It spread very quickly from Hubei to the rest of China within only 30 days [1]. As of February 14, 2020, 78.91% of the total confirmed cases in China were in Hubei province which is in midland China and 60.33% of the total confirmed cases in Hubei were in Wuhan [2]. In this project we use K-Means clustering and regression analysis to classify the cities in China based on location and infection rate. The goal is analyzing the demographic and geographic characteristics of the clusters containing less than 5 members with high infection rate. We found that all the cities in the small groups with high infection rate are from Hubei province. We conclude that based on K-Means clustering and regression analysis, midland China is in trouble.
Reptin regulates tumor cell growth and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma
Authors: Tian Jiguang , Feng Liping , Liang Ying , Wang Zhiling , Liu Ting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor with poor prognosis, characterized by high recurrence and metastasis. Recent studies show that Reptin is overexpressed in several malignant tumors and is required for tumorigenesis. Reptin is thought to be involved in chromatin remodeling and DNA damage repair. However, the biological function and the molecular mechanism of Reptin in osteosarcoma are still not fully understood.
Methods
The expression of Reptin was detected in 59 osteosarcoma and 35 non-neoplastic bone specimens by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan -Meier curves was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of Reptin. Then we knockdown the expression of Reptin in Saos-2 and U2OS cells. MTT, Edu assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to examine the influences of Reptin expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion. We further conducted co-immunoprecipitation experiments to explore the relationship between Reptin and DNA-PKcs. Finally, we determined the role of Reptin on DNA damage repair and chemosensitivity of cisplatin.
Results
We verified that high expression of Reptin was closely associated with tumor differentiation, Enneking stage and metastasis. Patients with Reptin-positive staining exhibited a significantly decreased overall survival. Additionally, we found that Reptin deleption inhibited the proliferation, invasion of osteosarcoma cells and caused G1 arrest. Furthermore, we discovered that Reptin participate in DNA damage repair through interaction with DNA-PKcs, inhibition of Reptin expression in osteosarcoma cells enhances cisplatin sensitivity by aggravating DNA damage.
Conclusions
In summary, we revealed that Reptin plays a crucial role in tumor growth and may serve as an attractive therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
A preliminary study of real-time imaging for MR guided vascular intervention and image quality assessment
Authors: Liu Kunkun , Dai Weibin , Peng Yueyou , Shi Tianfeng , Liu Tingting , Song Ningning , Jiang Yueluan , Kang Yunhui , Meng Yanfeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Real-time MRI provides radiation-free alternative to X-ray guided interventions, enables superb tissue imaging without administration of contrast agents. In this study, we proposed an 3T MRI system, and evaluated the image quality of real-time sequences for MR compatible guidewire and balloon.Methods: MR guided intervention system were setup with 3T MR scanner and MR compatible monitor. Real-time sequences (FLASH and TrueFISP) were optimized and evaluated in the interventional procedure with a 3D printing aortic phantom, MR compatible guidewire and balloon catheter. After the images were obtained, the image quality was evaluated objectively, and subjectively. T tests was used to analyse the results.Results: The temporal resolution of both sequences were 2 frames/s and spatial resolution was 1.1mm×1.1mm×10mm. For objective assessment, the TrueFISP sequence showed higher SNR and CNR than the FLASH sequence. Image uniformity and geometric distortion did not show significant difference. The subjective scores showed FLASH was higher than TrueFISP, because of moderate artefacts of guidewire and good visualization of balloon catheter.Conclusions: In conclusion, the study demonstrates the MR real-time imaging, FLAH sequence, is feasible of guiding cardiovascular interventions.
Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis) on mercury tolerance of Medicago truncatula in relation to mercury and zinc concentration
Authors: Guo Yaqin , Sommer Nadine , Martin Konrad , Rasche Frank 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) pollution of soils is a critical environmental problem. To rehabilitate Hg contaminated soils, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-based phytoremediation may be supportive, yet the functional potential of AMF in response to Hg exposure is unclear. In a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the response of Medicago truncatula (biomass, Hg tolerance index (TI), Hg partitioning) to different Hg concentrations [0 (Hg0), 25 (Hg25), 50 (Hg50) µg g-1] in treatments with (AM) and without (NM) inoculation of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis. Additionally, zinc (Zn) uptake and the expression of two Zn transporter genes (MtZIP2, MTZIP6) were examined, because Hg and Zn share the same outer electronic configuration, inferring a potential competition for the same transporters. Although AM plants revealed lower biomass than NM plants, they showed a higher Hg TI. Plant roots were identified as dominant Hg reservoirs. At Hg25, R. irregularis decreased the Hg translocation from roots to stems, while Hg translocation was increased at Hg50. Hg in leaves originated mainly from atmospheric uptake. A lower Hg concentration in leaves of AM than NM plants was found, indicating a regulatory effect of R. irregularis on stomata functioning. The negative relationship between Hg and Zn concentrations in the roots of AM and NM plants implied a potential competition for the same transporters, although the expression of Zn transporters was upregulated by AMF inoculation at all Hg levels. In conclusion, this baseline study demonstrated that R. irregularis contributed to Hg tolerance of M. truncatula, suggesting the potential of R. irregularis for Hg-contaminated phytoremediation.
Identification of a TNF-TNFR-like system in malaria vectors (Anopheles stephensi) likely to influence Plasmodium resistance
Authors: Sriniva Subhashini , Ghosh Chaitali , Das Shrestha , Thakare Aditi , Singh Siddharth , Ganesh Apoorva , Mahawar Harsh , Jaisimha Aadhya , Krishna Mohanapriya , Chattopadhyay Aritra , Borah Rishima , Singh Vikrant , M Soumya , Kumar Naveen , Kumar Sampath , Swain Sunita , Subramani Suresh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Identification of Plasmodium-resistance genes in malaria vectors remains an elusive goal despite the recent availability of high-quality genomes of several mosquito vectors. An. stephensi, with its three distinctly-identifiable forms at the egg stage, correlating with varying vector competence, offers an ideal species to discover functional mosquito genes implicated in Plasmodium resistance. Recently, the genomes of several strains of An. stephensi of the type-form, known to display high vectorial capacity, have been reported. Here, we report a chromosomal-level assembly of an intermediate-form of An. stephensi strain (IndInt), shown to have reduced vectorial capacity relative to a strain of type-form (IndCh). The contig level assembly with a L50 of 4 was scaffolded into chromosomes by using the genome of IndCh as the reference. The final assembly shows a heterozygous paracentric inversion, 3Li, involving 8 Mbp, which is syntenic to the extensively-studied 2La inversion implicated in Plasmodium resistance in An. gambiae involving 21 Mbp. Deep annotation of genes within the 3Li region in IndInt assembly using the state-of-the-art protein-fold prediction and other annotation tools reveals the presence of a TNF-like gene, which is the homolog of the eiger gene in Drosophila. Subsequent chromosome-wide searches revealed homologs of wengen (wgn) and grindelwald (grnd) genes in IndInt, which are known to be the receptors for eiger in Drosophila. We have identified all the genes in IndInt required for eiger-mediated signaling by analogy to TNF-TNFR system, suggesting the presence of a functionally active eiger signaling pathway present in IndInt. Comparative genomics of high-quality genome assemblies of the three type-forms with that of IndInt, reveals structurally disruptive mutations in eiger gene in all three strains of the type-form, alluding to compromised innate immunity in the type-form as the cause of high vectorial capacity in these strains. This is the first report of the presence of an intact evolutionarily-conserved TNF-TNFR signaling system in malaria vectors, with a potential role in Plasmodium resistance.
Scaling of anisotropic wetting behavior of water drop configuration arising from parallel groove-textured stainless steel surfaces
Authors: Sureshvarr K. , Kannan R. , Alphonsa Joseph , Sivashanmugam P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Understanding the wetting behavior of stainless steel surfaces can help in resolving many socio-economic challenges faced modern day engineering developments. In this research paper, investigations have been carried for understanding the role of surface one-dimensional microgrooves on the wetting behavior by the water drop liquid using the liquid drop shape configuration captured in the view direction parallel and orthogonal to surface microgrooves. Because of the variation in wetting characteristics between these two directions i.e., anisotropic wetting behavior, the liquid drop has attained ellipsoidal shape configuration in the microgroove textured stainless steel surfaces. Detailed investigation has been carried out in understanding the role of microgroove geometrical sizes i.e., width and depth and the spacing between the grooves on the wetting behavior in terms of contact diameter (D) and contact angle (θ). Overall, the wetting dynamics has been characterized by looking at the variation of eccentricity (ε, as a ratio between D in the direction parallel to microgroove and the spreading diameter in the direction orthogonal to microgroove) and wetting anisotropy (Δθ, as a difference in θ between the direction orthogonal and parallel to microgroove) with the microgroove depth parameter,φ ( as a ratio between the microgroove depth and width) and the groove spacing parameter, ξ (as a ratio of the spacing between the grooves and the groove width). By and large, with increase in surface non-dimensional geometrical parameters, φ and ξ, the parameters quantifying eccentricity, ε and Δθ decreases. So, the liquid drop shape configuration shifts towards spherical cap from ellipsoidal cap
Alternative Splicing in Multiple Myeloma is Associated with the Non-Homologous End Joining Pathway
Authors: Liu Enze , Becker Nathan , Sudha Parvathi , Dong Chuanpeng , Liu Yunlong , Keats Jonathan , Morgan Gareth , Walker Brian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Alternative splicing plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and proliferation. However, its pattern and pathogenic role has not been systematically analyzed in multiple myeloma or its subtypes. Alternative splicing profiles for 598 newly diagnosed myeloma patients with comprehensive genomic annotation identified primary translocations and DIS3 events to have more differentially spliced events than those without. Splicing levels were correlated with expression of splicing factors. Moreover, the non-homologous end joining pathway was an independent factor that was highly associated with splicing frequency via Prp19C, a component of spliceosome, as well as an increased number of structural variants. We therefore identify an axis of high-risk disease encompassing expression of the non-homologous end joining pathway, increase structural variants, and increased alternative splicing that are linked together. This indicates a joint pathogenic role for DNA damage response and alternative RNA processing in myeloma.
Capabilities of multispectral image in mapping and utilization of sensitive bands for characterization of waste rock dumps: A case study of a manganese mine in India
Authors: Shome Sanniv , Chakraborty Surajit , Dhar Rohit Basu , Sikdar Pradip K , Pathak Khanindra , Mhaske Sushil , Sinha Suranjan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Waste dump management is one of the major problems in an opencast manganese mine. The problem is further compounded as the stripping ratio is very high (1:20). The key approach of waste rock dump management is the reuse or reutilization of waste in form of aggregate or m-sand, which is also the basic tenet of circular economy. For waste reutilization, the role of multispectral satellite data analysis is considered to be the best approach in order to characterize the mineral content of the dump. The behavior of the spectral signature curves and its association with the surface reflectance (SR) values of multispectral data (Landsat 9 OLI) is used for determining the sensitive bands. Methods such as Object-Oriented Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Independent Components Analysis (ICA) are used to study rock-mineral interactions. Formulas representing the optimal band ratio are also develop for precise mineral mapping. X-ray diffraction is used to identify the mineral constituents of the rocks. The integration of sensitive bands and incorporation of three methods (Band ratio, PCA and ICA) serve as the main objectives of the present study. The methods are applied to a opencast manganese ore mine in India to establish the sensitive bands for muscovite schists and gneissic rocks in the hanging wall and footwall face respectively. The spectral signature reflectance curves obtained from the multispectral data of the identified minerals are compared with the USGS spectral libraries to determine the sensitive bands (Bands 4, 5, 6, and 7) for rocks. False color composite images (FCC) in the RGB band combination (PC4-PC3-PC1) and (IC4-IC2-IC1) are utilized for precise mineral mapping of the study area. The methods are also validated (positive correlation R2 = 0.775) with the waste rock dumps of the same mine and also with the neighboring mine having similar geological origin.