bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Function of β‐Hydroxy Dithiocinnamic Esters: RAFT Agent and Ligand for Metal Complexation
Authors: Farh Micheal K. , Gruschwitz Franka V. , Ziegenbalg Nicole , Abul‐Futouh Hassan , Görls Helmar , Weigand Wolfgang , Brendel Johannes C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) process has become a versatile tool for the preparation of defined polymers tolerating a large variety of functional groups. Several dithioesters, trithiocarbonates, xanthates, or dithiocarbamates have been developed as effective chain transfer agents (CTAs), but only a few examples have been reported, where the resulting end groups are directly considered for a secondary use besides controlling the polymerization. Herein, it is demonstrated that β‐hydroxy dithiocinnamic esters represent a hitherto overlooked class of materials, which are originally designed for the complexation of transition metals but may as well act as reversible CTAs. Modified with a suitable leaving group (R‐group), these vinyl conjugated dithioesters indeed provide reasonable control over the polymerization of acrylates, acrylamides, or styrene via the RAFT process. Kinetic studies reveal linear evolutions of molar mass with conversion, while different substituents on the aromatic unit has only a minor influence. Block extensions prove the livingness of the polymer chains, although extended polymerization times may lead to side reactions. The resulting dithiocinnamic ester end groups are still able to form complexes with platinum, which verifies that the structural integrity of the end group is maintained. These findings open a versatile new route to tailor‐made polymer‐bound metal complexes.
NAT2 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms and antituberculosis drug‐induced hepatotoxicity in Peruvian patients
Authors: Jaramillo‐Valverde Luis , Levano Kelly S. , Tarazona David D. , Capristano Silvia , Zegarra‐Chapoñan Roberto , Sanchez Cesar , Yufra‐Picardo Velia M. , Tarazona‐Santos Eduardo , Ugarte‐Gil Cesar , Guio Heinner 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Peru, 32,970 people were diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in 2019. Although TB treatment is effective, 3.4%–13% is associated with significant adverse drug reactions (ADR), considering drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) as the most prevalent. Among the first‐line anti‐TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) is primarily responsible for the occurrence of DILI. INH is metabolized in the liver by the enzymes N‐acetyltransferase‐2 (NAT2) and Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Based on the previous studies, we hypothesized that the interactions between slow CYP2E1 genotype and NAT2 slow acetylators will induce DILI in TB patients.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, all 377 participants completed their anti‐TB treatment, and we genotyped SNPs: rs1041983, rs1801280, rs1799929, rs1799930, rs1208, and rs1799931 for NAT2 and rs3813867 and rs2031920 for CYP2E1.ResultsWe found that rapid, intermediate, and slow NAT2 acetylator were 15%, 38%, and 47%, respectively, in the general population. Intermediate NAT2 acetylator is the least prevalent among patients with adverse reactions (p = 0.024). We did not confirm our hypothesis, however, we found that the combination of intermediate NAT2 acetylators and CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype significantly protected (OR = 0.16; p = 0.049) against the development of DILI in our population.ConclusionWe propose that the presence of NAT2 intermediate and CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype could help in therapeutic drug monitoring, and optimize its therapeutic benefits while minimizing its risk for side effects or toxicity.
Effect of Resveratrol Content in Red Wine on Circulating Sex Hormone‐Binding Globulin: Lessons from a Pilot Clinical Trial
Authors: Briansó‐Llort Laura , Simó‐Servat Olga , Ramos‐Perez Lorena , Torres‐Torronteras Javier , Hernandez Cristina , Simó Rafael , Selva David M. 
Published: June 2022

ScopeLow sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) levels are associated with higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies have shown that red wine has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. In this work if resveratrol content in red wine increases SHBG levels is explored.Methods and resultsA pilot study aims at testing the effect of drinking for 14 days two types of red wine with different resveratrol content is conducted in 26 healthy volunteers. SHBG levels and several biochemical parameters are measured at the beginning and the end of every period. Results show that consumption of both wines does not change body mass index or biochemical markers of liver injury. The low resveratrol wine does not modify the lipid profile or SHBG levels. By contrast, red wine with high resveratrol content significantly reduces total cholesterol in both men and women. Finally, red wine with high resveratrol content increases circulating SHBG in women but not in men.ConclusionsRed wine rich in resveratrol reduces total cholesterol in men and women and increases SHBG only in women. Further research aims at investigating the potential SHBG role enhancement mediated by resveratrol regarding cardiovascular protection that presents women in comparison with men seems warranted.
A wideband low‐profile dual‐polarized wide beam‐width antenna
Authors: Yang Jiangjun , Li Jianying , Yang Guangwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA wideband and wide beam‐width dual‐polarization with a low‐profile and simple structure is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna comprises two pairs of bending plates, the feed part that includes the probe and the copper disk, and two series of feeding networks. A couple of the bending plates can be used to form the horizontal and vertical currents to broaden the antenna's beam width. To radiate a symmetrical wide beam pattern, a series feeding network is applied to guarantee a symmetrical current distribution on the bending plates. Therefore, the proposed wide beam capability has been analyzed and verified with a dual‐polarization antenna. A low‐profile dual‐polarization antenna is demonstrated, which can realize the half‐power beam‐width more than 180° and 100° in the E‐ and H‐plane in the whole operating frequency band (22.3%), respectively. Furthermore, the port isolation is lower than −35 dB in the most frequency band. The prototype is fabricated and characterized, yielding good performance within the overall operational bandwidth. The measured results align very well with the simulated results. The proposed wideband antenna is a promising candidate for wireless communication systems because of the dual‐polarization and wide beam‐width.
A case of schizophrenia with congenital color vision deficiency: From the perspective of color universal design to promote medication adherence
Authors: Miyazaki Kensuke , Uchiyama Michiko , Tsushima Chieko , Fujimoto Kentarou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColor‐blindness, or more accurately, color vision deficiency (CVD), which is the inability or decreased ability to distinguish different colors, is one of the commonest visual disorders. Patients with schizophrenia usually have multiple types of visual processing impairments, including color vision impairments. Here, we present a case of schizophrenia with congenital CVD. The patient was aware of his color deficiency since elementary school. We assessed his ability to distinguish medicines based on their color, including those that he had been previously prescribed. Although he could distinguish all of the tablets, he could not distinguish the color of the blister packs, specifically that of the bromazepam 2 mg pack (green) from the 1 mg pack (red). This case suggests that CVD patients might misunderstand the color of medications, which might lead to medication errors, or poor drug adherence. The color universal design principle should be considered when designing tablets and their blister packs, in order to improve medication adherence.
Progressive stages of dysmetabolism are associated with impaired biological features of human cardiac stromal cells mediated by the oxidative state and autophagy
Authors: Pagano Francesca , Picchio Vittorio , Bordin Antonella , Cavarretta Elena , Nocella Cristina , Cozzolino Claudia , Floris Erica , Angelini Francesco , Sordano Alessia , Peruzzi Mariangela , Miraldi Fabio , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe , De Falco Elena , Carnevale Roberto , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Frati Giacomo , Chimenti Isotta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCardiac stromal cells (CSCs) are the main players in fibrosis. Dysmetabolic conditions (metabolic syndrome—MetS, and type 2 diabetes mellitus—DM2) are strong pathogenetic contributors to cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, modulation of the oxidative state (OxSt) and autophagy is a fundamental function affecting the fibrotic commitment of CSCs, that are adversely modulated in MetS/DM2. We aimed to characterize CSCs from dysmetabolic patients, and to obtain a beneficial phenotypic setback from such fibrotic commitment by modulation of OxSt and autophagy. CSCs were isolated from 38 patients, stratified as MetS, DM2, or controls. Pharmacological modulation of OxSt and autophagy was obtained by treatment with trehalose and NOX4/NOX5 inhibitors (TREiNOX). Flow‐cytometry and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) analyses showed significantly increased expression of myofibroblasts markers in MetS‐CSCs at baseline (GATA4, ACTA2, THY1/CD90) and after starvation (COL1A1, COL3A1). MetS‐ and DM2‐CSCs displayed a paracrine profile distinct from control cells, as evidenced by screening of 30 secreted cytokines, with a significant reduction in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endoglin confirmed by enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA). DM2‐CSCs showed significantly reduced support for endothelial cells in angiogenic assays, and significantly increased H2O2 release and NOX4/5 expression levels. Autophagy impairment after starvation (reduced ATG7 and LC3‐II proteins) was also detectable in DM2‐CSCs. TREiNOX treatment significantly reduced ACTA2, COL1A1, COL3A1, and NOX4 expression in both DM2‐ and MetS‐CSCs, as well as GATA4 and THY1/CD90 in DM2, all versus control cells. Moreover, TREiNOX significantly increased VEGF release by DM2‐CSCs, and VEGF and endoglin release by both MetS‐ and DM2‐CSCs, also recovering the angiogenic support to endothelial cells by DM2‐CSCs. In conclusion, DM2 and MetS worsen microenvironmental conditioning by CSCs. Appropriate modulation of autophagy and OxSt in human CSCs appears to restore these features, mostly in DM2‐CSCs, suggesting a novel strategy against cardiac fibrosis in dysmetabolic patients. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Epoxy composites with high thermal conduction routes via in situ constructing “pea‐pod‐like” alumina‐boron nitride 3D structure
Authors: Zhao Yalin , Wu Zhixiong , Zhou Zhengrong , Miao Zhicong , Huang Rongjin , Li Laifeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh thermal conductivity polymer materials are highly desirable for thermal management applications in electrical encapsulation and energy fields. The construction of three‐dimensional thermal conductivity structure has become an attractive method to improve the thermal conductivity of polymers. However, traditional methods for constructing 3D structures use prefabricated thermal conductivity models. Herein, we take epoxy resin as matrix, through the cooperation of sheet BN and spherical Al2O3 to in situ construct a “pea‐pod‐like” 3D thermal network, to prepare high thermal conductivity Al2O3‐BN‐Epoxy (ABE) composites. Compared with pure epoxy resin, the thermal conductivity of the ABE composites and the random Al2O3‐BN‐Epoxy (R‐ABE) composite is increased by 257% and 63%, respectively. And it still has a high thermal conductivity at low temperatures (696% enhancement at 60 K) for ABE60% composite. This method of in situ construction of 3D thermal conductivity networks is of great significance in the development and application of thermal management materials.
Effect of long‐term stress aging on aluminum‐BFRP hybrid adhesive joint's mechanical performance: Static and dynamic loading scenarios
Authors: Ulus Hasan , Kaybal Halil Burak , Cacık Fatih , Eskizeybek Volkan , Avcı Ahmet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComposite‐aluminum hybrid adhesive joints represent an ideal solution for designing lightweight structures for the marine industry. However, seawater aging is a serious concern, limiting the safe service life of the joint. Notably, efforts to understand the impact of aging have largely focused on the short‐term periods without considering actual operating conditions. Here, we report the mechanical performance of hybrid joints subjected to the long‐term stress aging. Besides, we modified the epoxy adhesive with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to limit the aging driven adhesive degradation and improve the adhesive's rigidity. We evaluated mechanical performances of hybrid joints by performing tensile, flexural, and drop‐weight impact tests. While we increased the load‐carrying capacity by over 25% with the HNTs modification before the stress aging process, modified adhesive withstood almost 55% higher tensile load than the neat epoxy adhesive after six‐month stress aging. The modified adhesive also absorbed 41% less impact energy, indicating the efficiency of HNTs on limiting the degradation due to the stress aging. Furthermore, the damage mode transformed from adhesion to cohesion, thanks to the improved adhesive‐composite interface performance. We envisage that these exciting results will pave the way for designing robust hybrid joints for the marine industry.
In situ synthesis of boron nitride “nanonoodles” based epoxy nanocomposites with enhanced thermal and dielectric properties
Authors: Miao Zhicong , Wu Zhixiong , Wang Tao , Zhao Yalin , Zhou Zhengrong , Zhang Siyi , Su Haojian , Huang Rongjin , Li Laifeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of low loading fraction nanoscale reinforcements that can be used to improve the dielectric and thermal properties of a polymer remains a challenge by the reason of the insurmountable difficulties with exfoliation and dispersion of polymer nanocomposites. Here, we combined noodle‐like boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) with epoxy resin (EP) by a facile in situ synthesis. The hydroxyl and amino on the BNNRs surface can not only improve dispersibility but also conduct the formation of EP with BNNRs by the in situ ring‐opening reaction. The thermal behavior, dielectric properties, and thermal conductivity of BNNRs/EP nanocomposites with different BNNRs contents were investigated. At an extremely low BNNRs loading fraction of 1 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite increased 48%, which is attributed to the long continuous heat conduction path formed by the strong integration of BNNRs and EP. In addition, the electrical breakdown strength increased from 95.58 to 159.17 kV·mm−1 as the BNNRs content increased, while the nanocomposites maintained acceptable dielectric properties. The results indicate the potential for BNNRs as a new class of nanofiller for dielectric polymers.
Large scale population screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy—Predictable and unpredictable challenges
Authors: Cohen Gal , Shtorch‐Asor Atalia , Ben‐Shachar Shay , Goldfarb‐Yaacobi Racheli , Kaiser Meirav , Rosenfeld Revital , Vinovezky Mika , Irge Dana , Furman Yael , Reiss Dafni , Litz‐Philipsborn Shira , Sukenik‐Halevy Rivka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveLarge deletions and duplications account for 65%–80% of pathogenic Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) variants. A nationwide carrier screening for DMD was initiated in Israel in 2020. We assessed the carrier rate and spectrum of variants detected in a cohort of women screened for DMD carrier status and analyzed screening efficacy and challenges related to DMD population screening.MethodsA cohort of 12,362 women were tested at a single institute using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification based copy number analysis of the 79 DMD exons. Consecutive sequencing of the primer region was performed when a single exon deletion was suspected.ResultsDeletions involving multiple exons were detected in seven cases and duplications involving multiple exons were found in four. Of these, nine were pathogenic based on previous reports and familial segregation testing, translating to a carrier rate of 1:1374. A family history was reported in three cases. Single exon deletions were suspected in 81 cases; further sequencing detected a single nucleotide variant affecting probe hybridization. These cases clustered according to ethnic origin.DiscussionPopulation screening for DMD has a significant yield. Most carriers did not report a family history of dystrophinopathies. Screening should be adjusted for methodological limitations. Some cases may require extensive genetic counseling and work‐up.
Use of α1‐adrenoceptor antagonists tamsulosin and alfuzosin and the risk of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Latvala Laura , Tiihonen Miia , Murtola Teemu J. , Hartikainen Sirpa , Tolppanen Anna‐Maija 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTamsulosin has been associated with dementia, but the results have been inconsistent. Concerns have been raised about using exposure assessment time too close to the outcome. We investigated the association between use of α1‐adrenoceptor antagonists indicated for benign prostate hyperplasia and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using different exposure windows.MethodsThe study (24 602 cases and 98 397 matched controls) included men from the Finnish nationwide nested case–control study on Medication and Alzheimer's disease (MEDALZ). Cases received clinically verified AD diagnosis during 2005–2011 and were community‐dwelling at the time of diagnosis. Use of tamsulosin and alfuzosin in 1995–2011 was identified from the Prescription Register and categorized based on whether it had occurred within 3 years before AD diagnosis (lag time) or before that. Dose–response analysis using defined daily doses of drug (DDDs) was conducted. Associations were investigated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for confounders and mediators.ResultsThe use of α1‐adrenoceptor antagonists before lag time associated with an increased risk of AD (OR 1.24 [1.20–1.27]). After adjustment for comorbidities and concomitant drug use throughout the assessment time (confounders) and healthcare contacts within the lag period (mediators), the association weakened (aOR 1.10 [1.06–1.14]). We found no evidence of dose–response‐relationship when comparing the users of higher than median DDDs to the users of lower than median DDDs.ConclusionOur findings, especially the lack of dose–response‐relationship and attenuation after mediator adjustment, do not provide strong support for the previous hypothesis on α1‐adrenoceptor antagonists as a risk factor for dementia.
Fostering social connectedness among adolescents and adults with autism: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Tomfohrde Olivia , Hudock Rebekah L. , Kremer Kalli B. , Fatiha Nusroon , Weiler Lindsey 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) impacts approximately 1 in 44 children in the United States. Common characteristics of ASD are marked deficits in communication and social connectedness. As autistic children approach adolescence, there is a lack of interventions available to them. Mentoring can provide adolescents with a relationship that facilitates social connectedness with another person who has a shared life experience, filling a gap in services. The Autism Mentorship Program (AMP) was designed to provide autistic adolescents a meaningful relationship with an autistic young adult. Via participation in focus groups, mentees (n = 5), mentors (n = 6), and parents of mentees (n = 6) shared their experience of participating in an afterschool, youth mentoring intervention. Themes were developed from an open coding procedure. Results showed that AMP was associated with helping mentees find social connection within their mentoring relationship and among the group of mentees. Mentors also reported mutual benefits in social connectedness. Perceived benefits of the program, including improved academic performance, and suggestions for future programming are reported. AMP appears to be a promising program that provides social benefits for adolescents with ASD who may have few options for this type of support.
The effect of phubbing, a behavioral problem, on academic procrastination: The mediating and moderating role of academic self‐efficacy
Authors: Parmaksız İzzet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOur preoccupation with smartphones affects our attitudes. Our changing attitudes also create disruptions in our daily routines. Smartphones, the most common technological device we use, have exposed individuals to phubbing behavior. The behavioral problem we define as phubbing causes disruptions and procrastination in our academic responsibilities. In this study, the relationship between phubbing frequency and academic procrastination tendencies of students and the effect of academic self‐efficacy on this relationship were performed. For this purpose, in this study, the mediator and moderator role of academic self‐efficacy in the relationship between academic procrastination and phubbing was examined. The study group of the research consisted of 518 students in late adolescence from Turkey. 323 (62.4%) of the participants were females and 195 (37.6%) of them were males (Mage = 19.4 years). They completed questionnaires measuring phubbing tendency, academic procrastination, academic self‐efficacy, and personal information form. It was found that academic self‐efficacy was a partial mediator in the relationship between academic procrastination and phubbing. In addition, academic self‐efficacy also had a moderator effect. According to these results, it can be said that the acquisition of academic self‐efficacy can reduce the negative effects of phubbing, which is a behavioral problem, and the tendency to academic procrastination.
Just try it: Preliminary results of a six‐month therapy for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Martin Sylvia , Del‐Monte Jonathan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is labeled as a personality disorder with impulsivity issues regarding relationships, risky behavior, and emotional dysregulation. This personality disorder is still considered to be hard‐to‐treat condition even though responses to treatment have improved significantly. In this field, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy is recognized as one of the most efficient therapeutical approaches, and some versions adapted from this gold‐standard treatment proved their effectiveness in clinical settings. We tested the 6‐month cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol ECCCLORE, composed of three modules, respectively, working on emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and relationships—in a French context to compare its effectiveness to Treatment As Usual. We recruited 56 patients with a BPD diagnosis in a day‐care unit, 34 receiving ECCCLORE and 22 receiving TAU. We assessed BPD traits, impulsivity, aggressiveness, suicidal risk, and hopelessness. Our results revealed the effectiveness of the 6‐month ECCCLORE protocol to decrease BPD symptoms and associated clinical dimensions. We also noted the persistence of its effect after a 1‐year follow‐up. Shortened CBT treatment protocols tend to prove their efficiency for symptom reduction in BPD. Further research is needed to replicate these results.