bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of management interventions on the sociality of African lions (Panthera leo): Implications for lion conservation
Authors: McEvoy Orla K. , Ferreira Sam M. , Parker Dan M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAfrican lion (Panthera leo) populations normally consist of several neighbouring prides and multiple adult males or groups of males that interact competitively. In large, open systems, cub defence from infanticidal males and territory defence drive group living in lions. However, in smaller (<1000 km2), fenced wildlife reserves, opportunities for natural immigration and emigration are limited which means that the evolutionary drivers of lion sociality may collapse.Here, we use lion behavioural data collected from 16 wildlife reserves across South Africa to test how management‐induced ecological conditions alter lion social dynamics.The number of lionesses observed together was best predicted by pride size, prey biomass and biome. Lionesses were less likely to group together as pride size increased, but more likely to group together as prey biomass and habitat productivity increased. In addition, adult males were observed more frequently with prides that had young (<12 months) cubs in reserves that had unfamiliar adult males present compared to reserves without any unfamiliar adult males.Our results demonstrate how intraspecific competition between lions drives their sociality, and this may break down in small, fenced wildlife reserves where lions are actively managed. Although small, fenced reserves in South Africa have made a significant contribution to increasing lion numbers on the continent, our work highlights several important ecological implications of active lion management. For wildlife managers, mimicking the outcomes of different levels of intraspecific competition is likely a critical management tool for the persistence of lions in small reserves.
Narrative coaching – Part 4: Redesigning the GROW model as the 4th generation coaching for people and the planet
Authors: Law Ho 
Published: May 2022

This paper reflects and reviews the formulation of the GROW model in relation to narrative coaching in response to the climate change crisis, the socio-cultural and technological paradigms. It proposes a new coaching model by redesigning the GROW process and integrating it with narrative coaching process. It argues that the new model called ROGWin can be regarded as the 4th generation coaching (4GC) in terms of the evolution of coaching psychology as a professional discipline. Its implications to future research, practice including the technological impact such as artificial intelligence (AI) and wider role in the world and environment are discussed.

Keywords:
AI; climate change; fourth generation coaching; 4GC; coaching psychology; GROW; environment.
HAp Thermosensitive Nanohydrogel Cavities Act as Brood Pouches to Incubate and Control‐Release NSCs for Rapid Spinal Cord Injury Therapy
Authors: Hao Min , Zhang Dapeng , Wang Wenhan , Wei Zhijian , Duan Jiazhi , He Jianlong , Kong Xiaohong , Sang Yuanhua , Feng Shiqing , Liu Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLimitations such as the cell life span, cellular activity, and cellular diffusion outside the lesion make the direct repair of spinal cord injury (SCI) by neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation challenging. Here, an injectable hydroxyapatite (HAp) thermosensitive nanohydrogel is proposed to achieve stem cell storage and release, as well as fate regulation, for therapy. The cavities formed in situ functioned as brood pouches for cell proliferation. The enzyme‐induced collapse of cavities released mouse NSCs (mNSCs) gradually and continuously. The endocytosis of HAp nanorods by encapsulated mNSCs enhanced the property of mNSC neuronal differentiation. The HAp thermosensitive nanohydrogel with mNSCs exert an inspiring therapeutic effect on a complete transected SCI model and has prospects in material design to improve SCI therapy with stem cells.
Directing Charge Transfer in a Chemical‐Bonded BaTiO3@ReS2 Schottky Heterojunction for Piezoelectric Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Peifang , Ao Yanhui , Chen Juan , Gao Xin , Jia Baohua , Ma Tianyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe piezo‐assisted photocatalysis system, which can utilize solar energy and mechanical energy simulteneously, is promising but still challenging in the environmental remediation field. In this work, a novel metal–semiconductor BaTiO3@ReS2 Schottky heterostructure is designed and it shows high‐efficiency on piezo‐assisted photocatalytic molecular oxygen activation. By combining experiment and calculation results, the distorted metal‐phase ReS2 nanosheets are found to be closely anchored on the surface of the BaTiO3 nanorods, through interfacial ReO covalent bonds. The Schottky heterostructure not only forms electron‐transfer channels but also exhibits enhanced oxygen activation capacity, which are helpful to produce more superoxide radicals. The polarization field induced by the piezoelectric BaTiO3 can lower the Schottky barrier and thus reduce the transfer resistance of photogenerated electrons directing to the ReS2. As a result of the synergy effect between the two components, the BaTiO3@ReS2 exhibits untrahigh activity for degradation of pollutants with an apparent rate constant of 0.133 min−1 for piezo‐assisted photocatalysis, which is 16.6 and 2.44 times as that of piezocatalysis and photocatalysis, respectively. This performance is higher than most reported BaTiO3‐based piezo‐assisted photocatalysis systems. This work paves the way for the design of high‐efficiency piezo‐assisted photocatalytic materials for environmental remediation through using green energies in nature.
Visible‐Light‐Induced [2+2+1] Dearomative Cascade Cyclization of Indole/Furan Alkynes to Synthesize Sulfonyl Polycycles
Authors: Luo Jiajun , Zeng Guohui , Cao Xiaohui , Yin Biaolin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we report a visible‐light‐induced [2+2+1] dearomative cascade cyclization of indole/furan alkynes with NaHSO3, providing an array of diverse highly strained sulfonyl polycycles. Compared to our previous work, this method does not require the use of additional sacrificial oxidants and have wider reaction scope. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the indole moiety initiated the reaction, which proceeded via single‐electron oxidation pathway. An alkenyl radical formed by intramolecular addition capture SO2, and the resulting specie is cyclized to furnish the final product. Also, DFT calculations disclosed that the groups on the indole ring or at the side chain probably affect the single electron distribution at the reaction site of IM‐RC‐I, and the distribution may be a decisive factor of spirocyclization.magnified image
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Iodides and Alkenyl Bromides with Benzyl Halides under Reductive Conditions
Authors: Lin Tingzhi , Qian Pengcheng , Wang Yan‐En , Ou Mingjie , Cui Ning , Ye Yu , Hua Rui , Xiong Dan , Xue Fei , Walsh Patrick J. , Mao Jianyou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA direct and convenient method for the palladium‐catalyzed reductive cross‐coupling of aryl iodides or alkenyl bromides and secondary benzyl halides under ambient CO pressure to generate a diverse array of aryl/alkenyl alkyl ketones has been developed. This strategy successfully achieves a three‐component carbonylative reaction with Zn as the reducing agent for C−C bond formation, overcoming the well‐known homocoupling of aryl or alkenyl halides, direct cross‐coupling between two different electrophiles and other carbonylative coupling reactions. In addition, this method avoids use of preformed organometallic nucleophiles, such as organo‐magnesium, zinc and boron reagents. This approach enables the construction of valuable aryl alkyl/alkenyl ketone derivatives (60 examples, 56–95% yields). Reactivity studies indicate that in situ formed benzylic zinc reagents are intermediates in the catalytic system.
First principles of smart manufacturing
Authors: Leiva Conrad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe democratizing of innovation and technology happens when tools and expertise are made affordable and accessible at scale to most manufacturers. To realize the democratization of smart manufacturing innovation, it is not only necessary to democratize the technology, but also necessary to provide wide access to the knowledge required to implement the strategies and leverage the solutions and insights in a more digitally enabled manufacturing ecosystem. We are at a point in the journey where it is time to converge on a concrete set of guiding principles and a framework that organizes expectations and requirements for the implementation of smart manufacturing. This paper summarizes the practices that define smart manufacturing as developed by the industry leaders, early adopters, and expert practitioners working in the ecosystem at CESMII, the smart manufacturing institute. In smart manufacturing, organizations, people, and technology work in synergy via processes and technology‐based solutions that follow these seven First Principles: Flat & real‐time, open & interoperable, proactive & semi‐autonomous, sustainable & energy efficient, secure, scalable, orchestrated & resilient. All the design principles must be considered to fully realize the vision for smart manufacturing. This paper will further explain how the seven principles work collectively to achieve new levels of connectivity, intelligence, and automation in the manufacturing ecosystem.
Layered Oxide Cathode‐Electrolyte Interface towards Na‐Ion Batteries: Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Lei Zhou‐Quan , Guo Yu‐Jie , Wang En‐Hui , He Wei‐Huan , Zhang Yu‐Ying , Xin Sen , Yin Ya‐Xia , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the ever increasing demand for low‐cost and economic sustainable energy storage, Na‐ion batteries have received much attention for the application on large‐scale energy storage for electric grids because of the worldwide distribution and natural abundance of sodium element, low solvation energy of Na+ ion in the electrolyte and the low cost of Al as current collectors. Starting from a brief comparison with Li‐ion batteries, this review summarizes the current understanding of layered oxide cathode/electrolyte interphase in NIBs, and discusses the related degradation mechanisms, such as surface reconstruction and transition metal dissolution. Recent advances in constructing stable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) on layered oxide cathode are systematically summarized, including surface modification of layered oxide cathode materials and formulation of electrolyte. Urgent challenges are detailed in order to provide insight into the imminent developments of NIBs.
A new look at the Birnbaum–Saunders regression model
Authors: Bourguignon Marcelo , Gallardo Diego I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMotivated by problems of vibration in commercial aircraft that caused fatigue in materials, Birnbaum and Saunders (1969a,b) proposed a family of two‐parameter distributions to model failure time due to fatigue under cyclic loading and the assumption that failure follows from the development and growth of a dominant crack. This article is cited in at least 930 scientific articles. After the work of Birnbaum and Saunders (1969a,b), the Birnbaum–Saunders model is one of the most important and used models for analyzing lifetime data. Regression analysis is commonly used when covariates are involved in the life test. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of Birnbaum–Saunders regression models based on parameterizations of the Birnbaum–Saunders distribution in terms of central tendency measures. In particular, we propose a new and straightforward reparameterization of the Birnbaum–Saunders distribution based on an approximation to its mode. In contrast to the original parameterization, the proposed parameterization leads to regression coefficients directly associated (approximately) with the mode of the response variable. We discuss the estimation of model parameters by maximum likelihood, hypothesis testing, and residual analysis. Furthermore, we show that the proposed regression model and other parameterized Birnbaum–Saunders models have the same log‐likelihood function estimate when no covariates are used to model the shape parameter. Additionally, we propose a simple script in the R software to solve numerical problems in the Fisher information matrix for some values of the shape parameter. Finally, we present and explore two empirical applications to compare the investigated regression models.
Genome architecture and totipotency: An intertwined relation during early embryonic development
Authors: Olbrich Teresa , Ruiz Sergio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChromosomes are not randomly packed and positioned into the nucleus but folded in higher‐order chromatin structures with defined functions. However, the genome of a fertilized embryo undergoes a dramatic epigenetic reprogramming characterized by extensive chromatin relaxation and the lack of a defined three‐dimensional structure. This reprogramming is followed by a slow genome refolding that gradually strengthens the chromatin architecture during preimplantation development. Interestingly, genome refolding during early development coincides with a progressive loss of developmental potential suggesting a link between chromatin organization and cell plasticity. In agreement, loss of chromatin architecture upon depletion of the insulator transcription factor CTCF in embryonic stem cells led to the upregulation of the transcriptional program found in totipotent cells of the embryo, those with the highest developmental potential. This essay will discuss the impact of genome folding in controlling the expression of transcriptional programs involved in early development and their plastic‐associated features.
Estimating the two graph dextran–stearic acid–spermine polymers based on iron oxide nanoparticles as carrier for gene delivery
Authors: Kazemi‐Ashtiyani Mehrnoosh , Hajipour‐Verdom Behnam , Satari Mohammad , Abdolmaleki Parviz , Hosseinkhani Saman , Shaki Hossein 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon‐viral gene carriers have shown noticeable potential in gene delivery because of limited side effects, biocompatibility, simplicity, and the ability to take advantage of electrostatic interactions. However, the low transfection rate of non‐viral vectors under physiological conditions is controversial. This study aimed to decrease the transfection time using a static magnetic field. We used self‐assembled cationic polysaccharides based on dextran–stearic acid–spermine (DSASP) conjugates associated with Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles to investigate their potential as gene carriers to promote the target delivery. Our findings illustrate that the magnetic nanoparticles are spherical with a positive surface charge and exhibit superparamagnetic behavior. The DSASP–pDNA/Fe3O4 complexes offered a strong pDNA condensation, protection against DNase degradation, and significant cell viability in HEK 293T cells. Our results demonstrated that although conjugation of stearic acid could play a role in transfection efficiency, DSASP magnetic carriers with more spermine derivatives showed better affinity between the amphiphilic polymer and the negatively charged cell membrane.
A necroptosis‐related gene signature for predicting prognosis, immune landscape, and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Junliang , Wang Huaitao , Zhou Lei , Liu Zhihao , Chen Hui , Tan Xiaodong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a growing threat to global health. Necroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell necrosis that plays a vital role in cancer development. Thus, we conducted this study to identify a predictive signature of HCC based on necroptosis‐related genes.MethodsThe tumor samples in the liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were subtyped using the consensus clustering algorithm. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO‐Cox analysis were performed to identify a gene signature from genes differentially expressed between tumor clusters. Then, we integrated the TNM stage and the prognostic model to build a nomogram. The gene signature and the nomogram were externally validated in the GSE14520 cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the LIRP‐JP cohort from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Evaluations of predictive performance evaluations were conducted using Kaplan–Meier plots, time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, principal component analyses, concordance indices, and decision curve analyses. The tumor microenvironment was estimated using eight published methods. Finally, we forecasted the sensitivity of HCC patients to immunotherapy and chemotherapy based on this gene signature.ResultsWe identified two necroptosis‐related clusters and a 10‐gene signature (MTMR2, CDCA8, S100A9, ANXA10, G6PD, SLC1A5, SLC2A1, SPP1, PLOD2, and MMP1). The gene signature and the nomogram had good predictive ability in the TCGA, ICGC, and GEO cohorts. The risk score was positively associated with the levels of necroptosis and immune cell infiltrations (especially of immunosuppressive cells). The high‐risk group could benefit more from immunotherapy and some chemotherapeutics than the low‐risk group.ConclusionThe necroptosis‐related gene signature provides a new method for the risk stratification and treatment optimization of HCC. The nomogram can further improve predictive accuracy.
Synthesis, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Sulfonate Derivatives Bearing Salicylaldehyde
Authors: Korkmaz Adem , Bursal Ercan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEnzyme activity alterations have been associated with many metabolism disorders and have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of some diseases. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, which is responsible for skin pigmentation to protect the skin from solar radiation. Pancreatic lipase has been considered a key enzyme for the treatment of obesity. Herein, we reported the synthesis and enzyme inhibitions of a series of sulfonates as possible tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase inhibitors. According to the calculated IC50values, compound3f(74.1±11.1 μM) and compound3c(86.6±6.9 μM) were determined to be the best inhibitors among the synthesized compounds for the tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase enzymes, respectively. The approach yielded at extremely high level by creating very flexible structural domains for the chemically modified groups. The structural characterization of the target molecules was implemented by1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR, and HR‐MS analyses. Also, molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds with tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase enzymes were conducted using AutoDock Vina software. Additionally, the studies of the absorption distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) were performed to uncover the target compounds′ pharmacokinetics, drug similarities, and medicinal properties of the novel sulfonate derivatives bearing salicylaldehyde.
Nanomaterial Synthesis from End‐of‐Cycle Products: A Sustainable Way of Waste Valorisation
Authors: De Anindita 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWaste materials are byproducts of modern technology‐driven lifestyle of mankind. They are impossible to be eliminated entirely, and often recycling of these materials into more useful products is the best way to handle them. In the last two decades, engineered nanomaterials have found application in various fields of research due to their small size and unique physical, chemical, electrical, and magnetic properties. They have potential to be used in various fields of science and technology from bench scale to industrial scale. In this review, the fabrication of nanomaterials using waste material as feedstock is elaborated. Various techniques available for nanomaterial synthesis, their application, and potential challenges of waste‐derived engineered nanomaterials are described. This field of research is highly relevant nowadays as this could prove to be a versatile and practical solution of waste management problems.
Connecting Algal Polysaccharide Degradation to Formaldehyde Detoxification
Authors: Brott Stefan , Thomas François , Behrens Maike , Methling Karen , Bartosik Daniel , Dutschei Theresa , Lalk Michael , Michel Gurvan , Schweder Thomas , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFormaldehyde is a toxic metabolite that is formed in large quantities during bacterial utilization of the methoxy sugar 6‐O‐methyl‐d‐galactose, an abundant monosaccharide in the red algal polysaccharide porphyran. Marine bacteria capable of metabolizing porphyran must therefore possess suitable detoxification systems for formaldehyde. We demonstrate here that detoxification of formaldehyde in the marine Flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans proceeds via the ribulose monophosphate pathway. Simultaneously, we show that the genes encoding the key enzymes of this pathway are important for maintaining high formaldehyde resistance. Additionally, these genes are upregulated in the presence of porphyran, allowing us to connect porphyran degradation to the detoxification of formed formaldehyde.
PIMesh: An automatic point cloud and unstructured mesh generation algorithm for meshless methods and finite element analysis–with applications in surgical simulations
Authors: Wang Zhujiang , Srinivasa Arun R. , Reddy Junuthula N. , Dubrowski Adam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe propose a point cloud and mesh generation algorithm, particle injection mesh generator (PIMesh), that can be used to generate optimized high‐quality point clouds and unstructured meshes for domains in any shape with minimum (or even no) user intervention. The domains can be scanned images in OBJ format in 2D and 3D or just a line drawing in 2D. Mesh grading can also be easily controlled. The PIMesh is robust and easy to be implemented and is useful for a variety of applications, ranging from generating point clouds for meshless methods, mesh generation for finite element methods, computer graphics applications and surgical simulators. The core idea of the PIMesh is that a mesh domain is considered as an “airtight container” into which particles are “injected” at one or multiple selected interior points. The motion of the particles is controlled by a pseudo‐molecular dynamics (PMD) formulation with a pairwise purely repelling “force” moderated by an absolute velocity dependent drag force. The particles repel each other and occupy the whole domain somewhat like blowing up a balloon. When the container is full of particles and the motion is stopped (the particles can be considered as a point cloud), a Delaunay triangulation algorithm is employed to link the particles together to generate an unstructured mesh. The performance of the PIMesh and the comparison with other unstructured mesh generation approaches are demonstrated through generating node distributions and meshes for several 2D and 3D object domains including a scanned image of bones and others.