bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ludos, Dioniso e o espelho: A ludicidade no teatro e a formação de professores
Authors: Ramos Emanoel Nogueira , De Carvalho Carla Meira Pires 
Published: May 2022

RESUMO
Essa escrita propõe-se a discutir possibilidades existentes nas questões lúdicas presentes na linguagem teatral, contribuindo para o processo de formação continuada de professores. O texto é resultante de uma pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo no âmbito do teatro e da educação, com o propósito de formação continuada de professores da educação básica. Tem o objetivo de efetuar reflexões teóricas e investigativas em torno da experiência lúdica, que emerge a partir de um processo criativo com a improvisação teatral e possíveis possibilidades de formação continuada para os sujeitos implicados em tal processo. O jogo teatral e dramático será tomado aqui como principais veículos de diálogo entre estas duas áreas. Para isso, de forma sintética, traremos a noção de atitude lúdica no adulto, colocando esta como uma extensão do jogo espontâneo da criança, apesar de se caracterizar com algumas diferenciações. Abordaremos o jogo teatral e dramático, aliados aos processos de improvisação no teatro como grandes possibilidades de experiências, onde a ludicidade emerge, permitindo aos sujeitos construírem significações, imaginários, e novos códigos para si que podem se configurarem como uma emergência de novas aprendizagens e uma possível renovação na identidade do professor. Neste sentido, essa escrita sugere o espaço criativo do jogo teatral como um dispositivo de formação e reflexão crítica para o professor tanto no âmbito pessoal como no profissional.

Palavras chave: Ludicidade, jogo teatral, formação de professores.
Regulating Li‐ion Flux through a Dense yet Highly Ionic Conductive Interlayer for Stable Li Deposition
Authors: Huang Zhijia , Han Zhiyuan , Jiang Baozheng , Zhang Yunbo , Gu Sichen , Zhang Chen , Pan Zhengze , Nishihara Hirotomo , Yang Quan‐Hong , Lv Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe practical use of Li metal anode is severely hindered by the uncontrollable dendrite growth, and the main cause is the uneven deposition of Li metal. In the liquid electrolyte, the Li‐ion distribution on the electrode surface is difficult to be regulated, which largely affects the Li deposition behavior. The authors design a dense Li‐ion flux regulating layer on the separator to well guide the Li‐ion transport that is composed of metal/lithium oxide (Li2O). Such a layer is generated from the in situ lithiation of transition metal oxide nanoparticle (TMO NP) coating, in which the lithiation‐induced volume expansion of TMO NPs makes the coating very dense yet highly ionic conductive due to the rich boundaries between the formed metal/Li2O. Such a layer enables the redistribution of Li ions on the surface of the electrode to effectively suppress the dendrite growth. The symmetric cells with such layers maintain stable cycling over 400 h under 3 mA cm–2, and the full cell coupled with LiFePO4 presents a highly stable cycling performance with high‐capacity retention of 85.2% after 350 cycles at 0.5 C with a low N/P ratio, promising a potential application in next‐generation Li metal batteries.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirooxazolidinone Oxindoles by the Thiourea‐Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of 2‐Isocyanatomalonate Diesters
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Pan , Liu Jin‐Xin , Li Hong‐Yan , Xiao You‐Cai , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA tertiary amino‐thiourea catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction between 2‐isocyanatomalonate esters and isatins has been achieved. Optical active spirooxazolidinone oxindole derivatives could be obtained with excellent yields (80%–96%) and enantioselectivities (67%–99% ee) under mild conditions, providing an updated example to apply isatins as the electrophile in the asymmetric aldol reaction with 2‐isocyanatomalonate esters.magnified image
Selective 5‐Exo‐Dig versus 6‐Endo‐Dig Cyclization of Benzoimidazole Thiols with Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Goulart Tales A. C. , Recchi Ana M. S. , Back Davi F. , Zeni Gilson 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe describe here the Lewis acid‐promoted cyclization reaction of benzomidazole thiols with propargyl alcohols for the selective synthesis of benzoimidazolo thiazines and benzothiazolo imidazoles. The reaction is regioselective and the solvent controls the formation of products. The systematic study to determine the best reaction conditions revealed that the six‐membered benzoimidazolo thiazines were obtained by reacting the benzoimidazole thiols with propargyl alcohols in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate, using dichloromethane as the solvent. Replacement of dichloromethane with dimethylformamide, by using the same starting material and reagents, gave selectively the five‐membered benzothiazolo imidazoles. The mechanism of this cyclization was proposed based on the results obtained and several control experiments.magnified image
Revealing the Origin of Low‐Temperature Activity of Ni–Rh Nanostructures during CO Oxidation Reaction with Operando TEM
Authors: Ghosh Tanmay , Liu Xiangwen , Sun Wenming , Chen Meiqi , Liu Yuxi , Li Yadong , Mirsaidov Utkur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn bimetallic heterostructured nanoparticles (NPs), the synergistic effect between their different metallic components leads to higher catalytic activity compared to the activity of the individual components. However, how the dynamic changes through which these NPs adopt catalytically active structures during a reaction and how the restructuring affects their activity are largely unknown. Here, using operando transmission electron microscopy, structural changes are studied in bimetallic Ni–Rh NPs, comprising of a Ni core whose surface is decorated with smaller Rh NPs, during a CO oxidation reaction. The direct atomic‐scale imaging reveals that, under O2‐rich conditions, Ni core partially transforms into NiO, forming a (Ni+NiO)–Rh hollow nanocatalyst with high catalytic activity. Under O2‐poor conditions, Rh NPs alloy with the surface of the core to form a NiRh‐alloy surface, and the NPs display significantly lower activity. The theoretical calculations indicate that NiO component that forms only under O2‐rich conditions enhances the activity by preventing the CO poisoning of the nanocatalysts. The results demonstrate that visualizing the structural changes during reactions is indispensable in identifying the origin of catalytic activity. These insights into the dynamic restructuring of NP catalysts under a reactive environment are critical for the rational design of high‐performance nanocatalysts.
Categorization of vocal and nonvocal stimuli in Guinea baboons (Papio papio)
Authors: Ennaji Fatima‐Ezzahra , Fagot Joël , Belin Pascal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCategorization of vocal sounds apart from other sounds is one of the key abilities in human voice processing, but whether this ability is present in other animals, particularly nonhuman primates, remains unclear. In the present study, 25 socially housed Guinea baboons (Papio papio) were tested on a vocal/nonvocal categorization task using Go/Nogo paradigm implemented on freely accessible automated learning devices. Three individuals from the group successfully learned to sort Grunt vocalizations from nonvocal sounds, and they generalized to new stimuli from the two categories, indicating that some baboons have the ability to develop open‐ended categories in the auditory domain. Contrary to our hypothesis based on the human literature, these monkeys learned the nonvocal category faster than the Grunt category. Moreover, they failed to generalize their classification to new classes of conspecific vocalizations (wahoo, bark, yak, and copulation calls), and they categorized human vocalizations in the nonvocal category, suggesting that they had failed to represent the task as a vocal versus nonvocal categorization problem. Thus, our results do not confirm the existence of a separate perceptual category for conspecific vocalizations in baboons. Interestingly, the three successful baboons are the youngest of the group, with less training in visual tasks, which supports previous reports of age and learning history as crucial factors in auditory laboratory experiments.
Population densities ofHylobates agilisin forests with different disturbance histories in Ulu Muda Forest Reserve, Malaysia
Authors: Pang Yi Heng , Lappan Susan , Bartlett Thad Q. , Mohd Sah Shahrul Anuar , N. Rosely Nik Fadzly , Ruppert Nadine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSmall ape habitat throughout Malaysia is rapidly being lost, degraded, and fragmented, and the effects of these changes on the abundance on this taxon are currently unknown. This study assessed the group density ofHylobates agilisin virgin forest, previously logged forest (1960s–1990s), and recently logged forest (2015–2017) of the Ulu Muda Forest Reserve (UMFR), Kedah, Malaysia. We conducted fixed‐point active acoustic triangulation at nine survey areas to estimate group density. We used vegetation “speed plots” and satellite imagery to quantify habitat characteristics and used model selection to identify ecological predictors of group density variation. The estimated group density ofH. agilisin UMFR was 4.03 ± 0.14 groups km−2, with an estimated total of 2927 ± 102 groups in areas below 450 m a.s.l. in UMFR. Group density did not differ significantly among habitat types. The best ecological predictors for group density were canopy cover and proportion of deforested area. Areas with recent deforestation were associated with relatively high group densities, suggesting compression of the populations persisting in these habitat types. The consistently high group densities detected in all forest types emphasizes the importance of degraded forest as habitat forH. agilis. Because of the threats to small apes in Malaysia, and the uncertain status of most populations, we recommend a nationwide population census and regular monitoring to inform conservation planning and implementation. Most urgently, we call for immediate and permanent protection of UMFR and other forests in the Greater Ulu Muda landscape to protect the globally significant populations ofH. agilis, as well as other charismatic and threatened megafauna, birds, and flora in the area.
SrZnGeS4: A Dual‐Waveband Nonlinear Optical Material with a Transparency Spanning UV/Vis and Far‐IR Spectral Regions
Authors: Liu Qian‐Qian , Liu Xin , Wu Li‐Ming , Chen Ling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon‐linear optical chalcogenides with a wide band gap (Eg) and excellent NLO properties are key materials for highly desirable multiwaveband tunable optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). We exploit the “electronic structure engineer bucket effect” to develop a novel dual‐waveband SrZnGeS4with an ultrawide transparency window. It exhibits an asymmetricFdd2structure that consists of layers formed by corner‐sharing [ZnGeS6] dimers. SrZnGeS4is transparent from 0.30 to 23.6 μm, spanning the UV‐, vis‐, mid‐ and far‐IR spectral regions and has the widestEg(3.63 eV) in the AeMIIMIVQ4family to date. It exhibits phase matching, high SHG intensities (e.g., 11.0×KDP and 17.5×AGS underλinc=1450 and 950 nm, respectively), and a very high laser‐induced damage threshold (35×AGS). These results not only suggest bright prospects for high‐power laser applications but may also enable applications of the multiwaveband OPO system from the UV‐visible to far‐IR regions.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms located in TNFA, IL1RN, IL6R, and IL6 genes are associated with COVID‐19 risk and severity in an Iranian population
Authors: Rokni Mohsen , Sarhadi Mohammad , Heidari Nia Milad  , Mohamed Khosroshahi Leila , Asghari Somaye , Sargazi Saman , Mirinejad Shekoufeh , Saravani Ramin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCytokines play pivotal functions in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pathogenesis. However, little is known about the rationale and importance of genetic variations associated with immune system responses, so‐called “immunogenetic profiling.” We studied whether polymorphisms of IL6, IL6R, TNFA, and IL1RN affect the disorder severity and outcome in patients infected with COVID19. We recruited 317 hospitalized patients with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 from Bu‐Ali hospital and 317 high‐risk participants who had high exposure to COVID‐19 patients but with a negative real‐time‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Multiple regression analyses were applied. We indicated that participants carrying the A allele in TNFA‐rs361525, G>A (p < .004), the C allele in IL1RN‐rs419598 T>C (p < .004), the A allele in IL6R‐rs2228145, A>C (p = .047) are more susceptible to develop COVID‐19. In contrast, those who carry the G allele of IL6‐rs2069827, G>T (p = .01), are more protected from COVID‐19. Also, we compared the various genotypes regarding the disorder severity and poor prognosis; we found that the AA genotype in TNFA is related to more aggressive illness and bad prognostic in contrast to the other inflammatory cytokines' genotypes. In addition, a high level of inflammatory indications, such as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune‐inflammation index, was observed in deceased patients compared with the survived subjects (p < .0001). We advised considering inflammatory cytokines polymorphisms as the main item to realize the therapeutic response against the acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus.
Hydrogenative Catalysis with Three‐Coordinate Zinc Complexes Supported with PN Ligands is Enhanced Compared to PNP Analogs
Authors: Paul Sanchita , Morgante Pierpaolo , MacMillan Samantha N. , Autschbach Jochen , Lacy David C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work details the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of reactive low‐coordinate organozinc complexes. The complexes activate hydrogen and they appear to be more active in hydrogenation of ketones and imines than their tridentate pincer analogs. This is thought, in part, to be due to the lack of trailing third phosphorus arm present in previous work. DFT computations reveal a sigma‐bond metathesis mechanism is comparable to an alternative aromatization/dearomatization metal‐ligand cooperative mechanism.
Thermally and Optically Activated Migration of Charge Carriers in Alkali Metal Sesquioxides
Authors: Adlung Matthias , Komelj Matej , Wickleder Claudia , Jansen Martin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe alkali metal sesquioxides A4O6 (A=K, Rb, Cs) are mixed‐valent with respect to oxygen and display several degrees of electronic and structural freedom, which give rise to diverse transport and ordering processes. We report on analyses of the respective underlying excitations by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and thermally activated electron transport. Backed by DFT based band structure calculations we identify three possible mechanisms, inter valence charge transfer from peroxide to superoxide, excitation across the Jahn‐Teller gap of tilted superoxide anions, and polaron migration. The activation energies as found by the three different approaches are in a rather narrow range of 0.62–0.89 eV for Rb4O6 and 0.49–0.65 eV for Cs4O6, confirming opacity in the full range of visible light. The effect of the phase transition from cubic to tetragonal as demonstrated for the caesium representative corresponds to a marginal shift to higher activation energy.
OMIP‐084: 28‐color full spectrum flow cytometry panel for the comprehensive analysis of human γδ T cells
Authors: Barros‐Martins Joana , Bruni Elena , Fichtner Alina Suzann , Cornberg Markus , Prinz Immo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUsing full spectrum flow cytometry, we designed a 28‐color panel for the analysis of markers known to be associated with the γδ T cell immune response. This panel allows the classification of γδ T cell subsets via specific V gene usage (Vγ9, Vδ1, Vδ2, and Vδ3) of their T cell receptor (TCR) and according to their functional differentiation. Phenotypical surface receptors to distinguish different stages of cell maturation included CD45RA, CD27, CD28, CD127, CD57, and CD16; chemokine receptors CXCR6, CCR5, CCR6, and CX3CR1; NK‐associated markers NKG2A, NKG2D, CD56, and CD161, checkpoint‐inhibitor PD‐1, and activating receptors CD38 and CD25. T cell lineage markers for the analysis of αβ T cells (CD4 and CD8) and MAIT cells (Vα7.2) were also included. This optimized multicolor panel allows a comprehensive immune‐profiling of all main human γδ T cell subsets and is suitable for longitudinal or exploratory analysis of γδ T cell development and γδ T cell dynamics in clinical cohorts.
Lower access to risk stratification tests and drugs, and worse survival of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients treated in public as compared to private hospitals in Brazil: A retrospective analysis of the Brazilian registry of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Pfister Verena , Marques Fernanda de Morais , Parra Flavia , Yamamoto Mihoko , Gonçalves Matheus Vescovi , Perobelli Leila , Buccheri Valeria , Bandeira Raphael , Fortier Sergio , Azevedo Alita , Santucci Rodrigo , Bellesso Marcelo , Fogliatto Laura , Ribeiro Glaciano , Lopes Germison Silva , Ikoma Maura , Figueiredo Vera P. , Metze Irene Gyongyver H Lorand , Chiattone Carlos Sérgio , Arrais‐Rodrigues Celso 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has a highly variable clinical course. In addition to biological factors, socioeconomic factors and health system characteristics may influence CLL outcome. Data from the Brazilian Registry of CLL were analyzed to compare clinical and treatment‐related characteristics in patients with CLL, from public or private institutions. A total of 3326 patients from 43 centres met the eligibility criteria, of whom 81% were followed up at public hospitals and 19% at private hospitals. The majority were male (57%), with a median age of 65 years. Comparing public and private hospitals, patients in public hospitals were older, had more advanced disease at diagnosis, and more frequently had elevated creatinine levels. All investigated prognostic markers were evaluated more often in private hospitals. First‐line treatment was predominantly based on chlorambucil in 41% of the cases and fludarabine in 38%. Anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody was used in only 36% of cases. In public hospitals, significantly fewer patients received fludarabine‐based regimens and anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Patients from public hospitals had significantly worse overall survival (71% vs. 90% for private hospitals, p < 0.0001) and treatment‐free survival (32% vs. 40%, for private hospitals, p < 0.0001) at seven years. Our data indicate striking differences between patients followed in public and private hospitals in Brazil. A worse clinical condition and lack of accessibility to basic laboratory tests and adequate therapies may explain the worse outcomes of patients treated in public institutions.
Quantitative Magnetization EXchange MRI Measurement of Liver Fibrosis Model in Rodents
Authors: Wilczynski Ella , Sasson Efrat , Eliav Uzi , Navon Gil , Nevo Uri 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundQuantitative MRI can elucidate the complex microstructural changes in liver disease. The Magnetization EXchange (MEX) method estimates macromolecular fraction, such as collagen, and can potentially aid in this task.HypothesisMEX sequence, and its derived quantitative macromolecular fraction, should correlate with collagen deposition in rodents liver fibrosis model.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelSixteen adults Sprague–Dawley rats and 13 adults C57BL/6 strain mice given carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) twice weekly for 6 or 8 weeks.Field Strength/SequenceA 7 T scanner. MEX sequence (selective suppression and magnetization exchange), spin‐echo and gradient‐echo scans.AssessmentMacromolecular fraction (F) and T1 were extracted for each voxel and for livers' regions of interest, additional to calculating the percentage of F > 0.1 pixels in F maps (high‐F). Histology included staining with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red and Masson trichrome, and inflammation scoring. Quantitative collagen percentage calculated using automatic spectral‐segmentation of the staining.Statistical TestsComparing CCl4‐treated groups and controls using Welch's t‐test and paired t‐test between different time points. Pearson's correlation used between ROI MEX parameters or high‐F fraction, and quantitative histology. F or T1, and inflammation scores were tested with one‐sided t‐test. P < 0.05 was deemed significant.ResultsRats: F values were significantly different after 6 weeks of treatment (0.10 ± 0.02) compared to controls (0.080 ± 0.003). After 8 weeks, F significantly increased (0.11 ± 0.02) in treated animals, while controls are not significant (0.0814 ± 0.0008, P = 0.079). F correlated with quantitative histology (R = 0.87), and T1 was significantly different between inflammation scores (1: 1332 ± 224 msec, 2: 2007 ± 464 msec).Mice: F was significantly higher (0.062 ± 0.006) in treatment group compared to controls (0.042 ± 0.006). F and high‐F fraction correlated with quantitative histology (R = 0.88; R = 0.84). T1 was significantly different between inflammation scores (1:1366 ± 99 msec; 2:1648 ± 45 msec).Data ConclusionMEX extracted parameters are sensitive to collagen deposition and inflammation and are correlated with histology results of mouse and rat liver fibrosis model.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 3
Characterization of inhomogeneity at edges of graphene oxide films using tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Yoshikawa Masanobu , Murakami Masataka , Fujita Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe developed a reflection‐type tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy system with a high spatial resolution to be able to apply for many kinds of opaque samples and obtained Raman images and Raman spectra at the edges of graphene oxide (GO) films using this system. We found that the relative intensity of the D band to the G band (ID/IG) increased 0.6 to 1.5 at the edges of the GO plane and the C‐H stretching mode at approximately 2920 cm−1 was strongly observed at the edges. These results suggest that the graphite network structures are broken down at the edges of the GO plane, resulting in the high ID/IG ratio, and the dangling bonds are mainly terminated by C‐H, C‐O, O‐H, and/or COO‐ groups.
Bioactive zein/chitosan systems loaded with essential oils for food‐packaging applications
Authors: Pavlátková Lucie , Sedlaříková Jana , Pleva Pavel , Peer Petra , Uysal‐Unalan Ilke , Janalíková Magda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere has recently been increased interest in biodegradable and sustainable packaging within the food industry. Biopolymer materials based on renewable biomass can be used as alternatives to conventional plastic packaging. A corn protein, zein, possesses excellent film‐forming properties because of its hydrophobic nature. It can be used for making edible films and for producing nanofibrous layers. Combination with polysaccharides like chitosan offers promising prospects for the production of delivery systems for the controlled release of active substances. The current trend is to minimize the content of chemical additives; thus essential oils are suitable alternatives to synthetic antimicrobials.RESULTSThis study aimed to develop various zein/chitosan‐based film‐forming solutions, films, and coatings with antimicrobial substances to prepare active food packaging. Thymol and three essential oils (thyme, cinnamon, oregano) were applied as bioactive ingredients against bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. The incorporation of these natural active compounds led to a decrease in particle size in most film‐forming solutions and a reduction of zeta potential compared to controls. Release of the bioactive compound into an aqueous environment was proved by antimicrobial test. A zein/chitosan‐based coating with thymol was applied on fresh strawberries. Microbiological analysis over 10 days confirmed the efficient control of bacterial and fungal growth.CONCLUSIONZein/chitosan (7:1) systems are suitable as bioactive compound carriers to make barriers and to prevent moisture loss, ensuring microbial food quality and prolonging the shelf life of fruits. These systems can serve as sustainable active food packaging. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.