bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viewpoint: a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Chatterjee Soumya , Perelas Apostolos , Yadav Ruchi , Kirby Donald F. , Singh Amandeep 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare and heterogeneous disease affecting the skin and internal organs. SSc-associated ILD (SSc-ILD) is a common and often early manifestation of SSc. This article discusses the rationale for a multidisciplinary approach (MDA) to the early identification and assessment of patients with SSc-ILD. Diagnosis of SSc-ILD is often challenging as patients with early disease can be asymptomatic, and SSc-ILD symptoms, such as exertional dyspnea and cough, are non-specific. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs is the gold standard for diagnosis of SSc-ILD since pulmonary function tests lack sensitivity and specificity, especially in early disease. On HRCT, most patients with SSc-ILD have a non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern. In addition, findings of pulmonary hypertension and esophageal dysmotility may be present. The multi-organ involvement of SSc and the diverse spectrum of symptoms support an MDA for the diagnosis and assessment of patients with SSc-ILD, with input from rheumatologists, pulmonologists, gastroenterologists, radiologists, and other specialists.

Key Points• Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of systemic sclerosis (SSc).• Early diagnosis is key to reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with SSc-ILD and other manifestations of SSc.• The multi-organ involvement of SSc supports a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and assessment of patients with SSc-ILD, with input from rheumatologists, pulmonologists, gastroenterologists, radiologists, and other specialists.
Projection based inverse reinforcement learning for the analysis of dynamic treatment regimes
Authors: Shah Syed Ihtesham Hussain , De Pietro Giuseppe , Paragliola Giovanni , Coronato Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) are adaptive treatment strategies that allow clinicians to personalize dynamically the treatment for each patient based on their step-by-step response to their treatment. There are a series of predefined alternative treatments for each disease and any patient may associate with one of these treatments according to his/her demographics. DTRs for a certain disease are studied and evaluated by means of statistical approaches where patients are randomized at each step of the treatment and their responses are observed. Recently, the Reinforcement Learning (RL) paradigm has also been applied to determine DTRs. However, such approaches may be limited by the need to design a true reward function, which may be difficult to formalize when the expert knowledge is not well assessed, as when the DTR is in the design phase. To address this limitation, an extension of the RL paradigm, namely Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL), has been adopted to learn the reward function from data, such as those derived from DTR trials. In this paper, we define a Projection Based Inverse Reinforcement Learning (PB-IRL) approach to learn the true underlying reward function for given demonstrations (DTR trials). Such a reward function can be used both to evaluate the set of DTRs determined for a certain disease, as well as to enable an RL-based intelligent agent to self-learn the best way and then act as a decision support system for the clinician.
The Intensity of Formal Child-Care Attendance Decreases the Shared Environment Contribution to School Readiness: A Twin Study
Authors: Gagnon Eloi , Boivin Michel , Mimeau Catherine , Feng Bei , Morneau-Vaillancourt Genevieve , Aubé Sophie , Brendgen Mara , Vitaro Frank , Dionne Ginette 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore if child-care intensity (hours/weeks) and age of onset could moderate genetic and environmental contributions to school readiness. A sample of 648 (85% Whites; 50% Females) pairs of twins was used to compute a GxE, CxE and ExE interaction analyses. The moderation model showed that shared environment explains 48% of individual differences in school readiness for children not attending formal child-care, and decreased gradually to a mere 3% for children attending formal child-care full time, e.g., 40 h per week. Age of onset exerted no moderation effect. The results support the hypothesis that child-care acts as a normalizing environment, possibly buffering negative effects from low-quality home environments on school readiness.
Situating a sustainable bioeconomy strategy on a map of justice: a solution and its problems
Authors: Häyry Matti , Laihonen Maarit 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe European Union’s 2018 updated bioeconomy strategy A Sustainable Bioeconomy for Europe: Strengthening the connection between economy, society and the environment aims to fulfill the requirements of sustainability and justice while transitioning economy from fossil-based to bio-based. We ask whether and to what extent the economically ambitious strategy succeeds in achieving its non-economic goals. We present a map of justice that shows the tensions and alliances between key interpretations of equality, identify the definition of sustainability informing the strategy, and show how this definition steers the strategy toward a limited view of justice that is geared to ignore social and ecological concerns. The governance framework that the strategy adheres to is the 2015 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals approach, which is an outgrowth of the 1987 Brundtland Commission’s view on sustainability. Since this framework forms the basis of many other international environmental agreements, our observations are largely applicable to them, too. From the viewpoint of justice, comprehensively understood, the whole system is, and has since the Brundtland Report been, fundamentally flawed.
Regression-type analysis for multivariate extreme values
Authors: de Carvalho Miguel , Kumukova Alina , dos Reis Gonçalo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper devises a regression-type model for the situation where both the response and covariates are extreme. The proposed approach is designed for the setting where the response and covariates are modeled as multivariate extreme values, and thus contrarily to standard regression methods it takes into account the key fact that the limiting distribution of suitably standardized componentwise maxima is an extreme value copula. An important target in the proposed framework is the regression manifold, which consists of a family of regression lines obeying the latter asymptotic result. To learn about the proposed model from data, we employ a Bernstein polynomial prior on the space of angular densities which leads to an induced prior on the space of regression manifolds. Numerical studies suggest a good performance of the proposed methods, and a finance real-data illustration reveals interesting aspects on the conditional risk of extreme losses in two leading international stock markets.
Agreement between cardiac output estimation by multi-beat analysis of arterial blood pressure waveforms and continuous thermodilution in post cardiac surgery intensive care unit patients
Authors: Khanna Ashish K. , Nosow Lillian , Sands Lauren , Saha Amit K. , Agashe Harshavardhan , Harris Lynnette , Martin R. Shayn , Marchant Bryan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe sought to assess agreement of cardiac output estimation between continuous pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) guided thermodilution (CO-CTD) and a novel pulse wave analysis (PWA) method that performs an analysis of multiple beats of the arterial blood pressure waveform (CO-MBA) in post-operative cardiac surgery patients. PAC obtained CO-CTD measurements were compared with CO-MBA measurements from the Argos monitor (Retia Medical; Valhalla, NY, USA), in prospectively enrolled adult cardiac surgical intensive care unit patients. Agreement was assessed via Bland-Altman analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed on data segments identified as arrhythmia, or with low CO (less than 5 L/min). 927 hours of monitoring data from 79 patients was analyzed, of which 26 had arrhythmia. Mean CO-CTD was 5.29 ± 1.14 L/min (bias ± precision), whereas mean CO-MBA was 5.36 ± 1.33 L/min, (4.95 ± 0.80 L/min and 5.04 ± 1.07 L/min in the arrhythmia subgroup). Mean of differences was 0.04 ± 1.04 L/min with an error of 38.2%. In the arrhythmia subgroup, mean of differences was 0.14 ± 0.90 L/min with an error of 35.4%. In the low CO subgroup, mean of differences was 0.26 ± 0.89 L/min with an error of 40.4%. In adult patients after cardiac surgery, including those with low cardiac output and arrhythmia CO-MBA is not interchangeable with the continuous thermodilution method via a PAC, when using a 30% error threshold.
Cox regression can be collapsible and Aalen regression can be non-collapsible
Authors: Samuelsen Sven Ove 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt is well-known that the additive hazards model is collapsible, in the sense that when omitting one covariate from a model with two independent covariates, the marginal model is still an additive hazards model with the same regression coefficient or function for the remaining covariate. In contrast, for the proportional hazards model under the same covariate assumption, the marginal model is no longer a proportional hazards model and is not collapsible. These results, however, relate to the model specification and not to the regression parameter estimators. We point out that if covariates in risk sets at all event times are independent then both Cox and Aalen regression estimators are collapsible, in the sense that the parameter estimators in the full and marginal models are consistent for the same value. Vice-versa, if this assumption fails, then the estimates will change systematically both for Cox and Aalen regression. In particular, if the data are generated by an Aalen model with censoring independent of covariates both Cox and Aalen regression is collapsible, but if generated by a proportional hazards model neither estimators are. We will also discuss settings where survival times are generated by proportional hazards models with censoring patterns providing uncorrelated covariates and hence collapsible Cox and Aalen regression estimates. Furthermore, possible consequences for instrumental variable analyses are discussed.
Impact of a Community Health Worker (CHW) Home Visiting Intervention on Any and Adequate Prenatal Care Among Ethno-Racially Diverse Pregnant Women of the US Southwest
Authors: McCue Kelly , Sabo Samantha , Wightman Patrick , Butler Matthew , Pilling Vern , Jiménez Dulce , Annorbah Rebecca , Rumann Sara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Social and structural barriers drive disparities in prenatal care utilization among minoritized women in the United States. This study examined the impact of Arizona’s Health Start Program, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention, on prenatal care utilization among an ethno-racially and geographically diverse cohort of women.

Methods
We used Health Start administrative and state birth certificate data to identify women enrolled in the program during 2006–2016 (n = 7,117). Propensity score matching was used to generate a statistically-similar comparison group (n = 53,213) of women who did not participate in the program. Odds ratios were used to compare rates of prenatal care utilization. The process was repeated for select subgroups, with post-match regression adjustments applied where necessary.

Results
Health Start participants were more likely to report any (OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.02–1.50) and adequate (OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.01–1.16) prenatal care, compared to controls. Additional specific subgroups were significantly more likely to receive any prenatal care: American Indian women (OR 2.22, 95%CI 1.07–4.60), primipara women (OR 1.64, 95%CI 1.13–2.38), teens (OR 1.58, 95%CI 1.02–2.45), women in rural border counties (OR 1.45, 95%CI 1.05–1.98); and adequate prenatal care: teens (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.11–1.55), women in rural border counties (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.05–1.33), primipara women (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.05–1.32), women with less than high school education (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.00-1.27).

Conclusions for Practice:
A CHW-led perinatal home visiting intervention operated through a state health department can improve prenatal care utilization among demographically and socioeconomically disadvantaged women and reduce maternal and child health inequity.
Sustainment of an Evidence-Based, Behavioral Health Curriculum in Schools
Authors: Combs Katie Massey , Drewelow Karen M. , Lain Marion Amanda , Håbesland Marian , Ippolito Amy , Finigan-Carr Nadine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for the prevention of behavioral health problems is well supported. However, limited data exist on the sustainability of EBIs once initial support has ceased. The current study assessed, at 2 years after initial start-up support: (1) What percent of schools sustained EBI implementation? (2) To what degree did sustaining schools implement the EBI with fidelity? (3) What were the primary reasons for not sustaining the EBI? (4) What theoretical and contextual factors during initial start-up support predicted sustainment of the EBI? The study used process evaluation data from the dissemination of the Botvin LifeSkills Training (LST) middle school program in 158 school districts (including 419 schools). Fifty-one percent of districts sustained the EBI and most of these sustaining districts reported following key fidelity guidelines. Primary reasons for discontinuing centered around low teacher or administrative support and turnover. Significant predictors of sustaining LST were higher ratings of LST’s complexity, benefit, and compatibility by teachers; more positive perceptions of organizational support from administrators; and smaller proportions of Black students. Results show that EBI sustainment and fidelity of implementation post-initial startup support are feasible, though likely not for all schools. Findings also suggest that cultivating support for the EBI among staff during start-up support may be helpful for sustainment and that social determinants of a school have a complex relationship with EBI sustainment. Future research should explore true causes of differences due to race/ethnicity as well as COVID-19 effects.
Zeros of hypergeometric functions in the p-adic setting
Authors: Saikia Neelam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMcCarthy (Pac J Math 261(1):219–236, 2013) defined hypergeometric functions in the p-adic setting over finite fields using p-adic gamma functions. These functions possess many properties that are analogous to classical hypergeometric type identities. In this paper, we investigate values of two generic families of these hypergeometric functions that we denote by $${_nG_n}(t)_p$$

n

G
n

(
t
)

p

and $${_n{\widetilde{G}}_n}(t)_p$$

n

G
~

n

(
t
)

p

for $$n\ge 3$$

n
≥
3

, and $$t\in {\mathbb {F}}_p$$

t
∈

F
p

, the finite field with p elements. These results generalize special cases of p-adic analogues of Whipple’s theorem and Dixon’s theorem of classical hypergeometric series. We also examine zeros of the functions $${_nG_n}(t)_p$$

n

G
n

(
t
)

p

, and $${_n{\widetilde{G}}_n}(t)_p$$

n

G
~

n

(
t
)

p

over $${\mathbb {F}}_p$$

F
p

. Moreover, we classify the values of t for which $${_nG_n}(t)_p=0$$

n

G
n

(
t
)

p

=
0

for infinitely many primes. For example, we show that there are infinitely many primes for which $${_{2k}G_{2k}}(-1)_p=0$$

2
k

G

2
k

(
-
1
)

p

=
0

. In contrast, for $$t\ne 0$$

t
≠
0

there are no primes for which $${_{2k}{\widetilde{G}}_{2k}}(t)_p=0$$

2
k

G
~

2
k

(
t
)

p

=
0

.
Truth in interactive fiction
Authors: Fisher Alex 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper provides an account of truth in interactive fiction. Interactive fiction allows the audience to make choices, resulting in many different possible fictions within each interactive fiction, unlike in literary fiction where there is just one. Adequately capturing this feature of interactive fiction requires us to address familiar issues regarding impossible fiction and the nature of time in fiction. Truth in interactive fiction thus requires a complex account to capture its multitude of fictions. It is argued that a full account of truth in interactive fiction requires distinguishing two works for each interactive fiction, which contain distinct fictional truths. The actual work encompasses what is in fact represented as fictional (hence mistakes can be fictionally true in this work), whilst in the implied work, truth in fiction is governed by authorial intention, hence mistakes are not fictionally true. This dual account best captures our aesthetic evaluation of interactive fictions, for which we often need to distinguish how the work actually is from how it was intended to be.
Anomalous Wear Behavior of UHMWPE During Sliding Against CoCrMo Under Varying Cross-Shear and Contact Pressure
Authors: Dreyer Michael J. , Taylor William R. , Wasmer Kilian , Imwinkelried Thomas , Heuberger Roman , Weisse Bernhard , Crockett Rowena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWear of ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in joint implant applications has been shown to increase with cross-shear (CS, i.e., multidirectional sliding) but decrease with higher contact pressure (CP). Moreover, structural changes, resulting in protrusions, are known to occur to the surface of the pin following multidirectional sliding. However, these phenomena are not yet fully understood. In this study, we simultaneously varied CP and CS to derive an empirical formula for the wear factor as a function of these parameters. The wear factor increased when going from unidirectional sliding to multidirectional sliding but decreased with increasing CP, as has been previously observed. Following these tests, the protrusions on the pin surface were chemically and mechanically characterized to gain insights into both their origin and influence on wear behavior. Micro-FT-IR confirmed that the structures consist of polyethylene, rather than adsorbed, denatured proteins. It also allowed the crystallinity of both the protrusions and unaffected UHMWPE to be estimated, showing a strong positive correlation with the hardness of these different areas on the surface. Time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry was used to probe the chemistry of the surface and near-surface region and indicated the presence of contamination from the test fluid within the structure. This suggests that the protrusions are formed by the folding of UHMWPE following plastic deformation. It is also suggested that the higher hardness of the protrusions affords some protection of the surface, leading to the observed anomalous behavior, whereby wear increases with decreasing CP.

Graphical Abstract
Brain and Its Universal Logical Model of Multi-Agent Biological Systems
Authors: Król Jerzy , Schumann Andrew , Bielas Krzysztof 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe build a topological model, based on intuitionistic logic, for multi-agent biological systems (such asPhysarum polycephalum, bacterial colonies or any other swarm), reacting to external nourishment stimuli. Our construction follows the topological description of brain activity, where particles (neurons) are activated by an external environment, represented by a topological spaceXwith an open cover$$\{U_i:i\in I\}$${Ui:i∈I}. The brain builds the model of this external space via the nerve (trace) of a topological spaceX. Here the body ofPhysarum polycephalumor a swarm made of networks of tubular structures represents a nerve (trace) ofXalso which means thatPhysarum polycephalumor a swarm gains orientation in the space of external stimuli even in the absence of any neural system. The logic of living organisms is based on open subsets ofXand thus can be represented by Heyting algebra (i.e. intuitionistically). We also consider the generalisation of the nerve construction to a categorical context, where the category is determined by the network structures of multi-agent biological system. This model can be generalised up to simulating the behaviour of any swarm by means of intuitionistic logic.
Schutzkonzepte in Jugendverbänden
Authors: Riedl Sonja , Wolff Mechthild 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungSchutzkonzepte zur Sicherstellung der persönlichen Rechte junger Menschen in Jugendverbänden müssen partizipativ von jungen Menschen mitgestaltet werden und non-formale Peer-Strukturen berücksichtigen. Der Beitrag zeigt praxisnahe Anknüpfungspunkte für die partizipative Weiterentwicklung von Schutzkonzepten in Jugendverbänden aus dem Projekt SchutzNorm auf.
The relationship of serum gastrin-17 and oral mucositis in head and neck carcinoma patients receiving radiotherapy
Authors: Wu Congye , Liu Yehong , Shi Feiyue , Chen Fei , Zhao Youcai , Zhao Huanyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) and oral mucositis in head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients receiving radiotherapy.

Methods
Serum G-17 were detected in patients before and after radiotherapy. Patients were divided into high G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 ≥ 5pmol/L) and low G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 < 5pmol/L). The severity of oral mucositis was analyzed between the two groups. Other complications such as dysphagia, salivary gland, mandible, thyroid function, larynx, pain, and weight loss were also investigated.

Results
Forty-two patients were analyzed in this study. The level of serum G-17 had a significant decrease after radiotherapy (7.29 ± 5.70pmol/L versus 4.93 ± 4.46pmol/L, P = 0.038). In low serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1–2 and 3–4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 30.4%, and 69.6%, respectively. In high serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1–2 and 3–4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 63.2%, and 36.8%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum G-17 was negatively correlated with oral mucositis (r=-0.595, P < 0.01). Weight loss of low G-17 group was more serious than that of high G-17 group.

Conclusion
Serum G-17 has a close relationship with oral mucositis. Baseline serum G-17 may be a potential predictor for the severity of oral mucositis in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy.