bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-dependent decline in sperm quality and function in a naturally short-lived vertebrate
Authors: Cattelan Silvia , Valenzano Dario Riccardo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMaximizing the life-long reproductive output would lead to the prediction that short-lived and fast aging species would undergo no – if any – reproductive senescence. Turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) are naturally short-lived teleosts, and undergo extensive somatic aging, characterized by molecular, cellular, and organ dysfunction following the onset of sexual maturation. Here, we tested whether naturally short-lived and fast aging male turquoise killifish maximize reproduction and display minimal – if any, reproductive senescence. We analysed age-related changes in sperm traits, the proportion of fertilized eggs, as well as embryo survival. Contrary to the expectation of no reproductive aging, we found that turquoise killifish males undergo extensive reproductive aging, consisting in the age-dependent decline in sperm quality, decreased proportion of fertilized eggs and lower embryo survival. Our results indicate that male turquoise killifish do not trade-off age-dependent soma decline with life-long sustained reproductive fitness. Instead, somatic and reproductive aging appear to occur simultaneously. Our findings question generalized soma vs. reproductive senescence trade-off models and highlight the importance of integrating species-specific ecological and demographic constraints to explain observed life history traits.
Fusarium oxysporum assisted green synthesis of small-sized silver nanoparticles for high antibacterial, and photocatalytic decolorization performances
Authors: El-Sharkawy Reyad M. , Ahmed Inas A. , Kharboush Taghrid G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Novel platforms using nanotechnology-based medicines have exponentially increased in our daily lives. The unique characteristics of metal oxide and noble metals nanoparticles make them suitable for different fields including antimicrobial agents, cosmetics, textiles, wound dressings, and anticancer drug carriers.

Methods
This study focuses on the biosynthesis of small-sized SNPs using exo-metabolites of Fusarium oxysporum via bioprocess optimization using Plackett-Burman (PBD) and central composite designs (CCD) while evaluating their multifaceted bioactivities.

Results
The successful biofabrication of smaller-sized SNPs with an average particle size of ~ 5 nm was achieved upon the bioprocess optimization. The developed SNPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for SNPs were 0.078 µg/ml (Escherichia coli), 0.156 µg/ml (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and 1.25 µg/ml (Enterococcus faecalis), while the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were correspondingly 0.156 µg/ml, 0.312 µg/l, and 1.25 µg/ml. SNPs-treated cells displayed bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects as revealed by time-kill assay and the ultrastructure changes observed in SEM and TEM analyses. The results marked the potent antioxidant activity of SNPs against DPPH, O2•−, H2O2, and OH-radicals with IC50 values of 74.3, 96.7, 116.6, and 167.9 µg/ml, respectively. Significantly, the biosynthesized SNPs displayed cytotoxic activity on MCF-7, A549, and HepG-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 89.4, 121.4, and 138.9 µg/ml, respectively. SNPs exhibited promising photocatalytic efficiency at different concentrations and times compared with dark conditions. The highest decolorization percentage of crystal violet dye was 98.60% after 240 min at 100 µg SNPs concentration.

Conclusions
The green synthesis of SNPs by F. oxysporum exometabolites is eco-friendly, and inexpensive, with the production of small-size, and greatly stabilized nanoparticles. This study corroborated that SNPs can be highly promising enough to be applied for antibacterial and anticancer control systems, for ameliorating free radical-related disorders, and as a photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.
Therapeutic extraction of second molars in orthodontics: a scoping review
Authors: Montasser Ziad M. , Montasser Mona A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objective
To review the literature to identify the present evidence on the extraction of second molars in orthodontics.

Materials & method
A search of the MEDLINE/PubMed®, Scopus, Web of Science™, and ProQuest® databases for full-text articles was done on March 5, 2024. The search went back till the 1st of January 1991 and was limited to articles in English. The results of the first search went through a preliminary check to remove duplicates and then the titles and abstracts of the articles were read to exclude the irrelevant studies, case studies, or reviews. The abstracts of the selected studies were read carefully to verify if the inclusion criteria were met. Finally, the full texts of the potentially eligible studies were read to apply the eligibility criteria and decide whether to include them in the review or not. The eligibility criteria were set following the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) standard. The included studies were thoroughly summarized by extracting the most important information.

Results
The electronic search located a total of 103 articles distributed among the databases. Removing duplicates left 48 Studies. After careful assessment of the titles and abstracts, 32 studies were excluded leaving 16 studies. Applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria resulted in the exclusion of 2 studies and including 14 studies in the scoping review.

Conclusions
There is quite low level of evidence to support second molar extraction in orthodontics. Conducting a systematic review would not add much to the evidence as well-conducted RCTs are needed first.
Promising new drugs and therapeutic approaches for treatment of ovarian cancer—targeting the hallmarks of cancer
Authors: Hillmann Julia , Maass Nicolai , Bauerschlag Dirk O. , Flörkemeier Inken 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOvarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Despite the approval of promising targeted therapy such as bevacizumab and PARP inhibitors, 5-year survival has not improved significantly. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapeutics. New advancements in therapeutic strategies target the pivotal hallmarks of cancer. This review is giving an updated overview of innovative and upcoming therapies for the treatment of ovarian cancer that focuses specific on the hallmarks of cancer. The hallmarks of cancer constitute a broad concept to reenact complexity of malignancies and furthermore identify possible targets for new treatment strategies. For this purpose, we analyzed approvals and current clinical phase III studies (registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2024)) for new drugs on the basis of their mechanisms of action and identified new target approaches. A broad spectrum of new promising drugs is currently under investigation in clinical phase III studies targeting mainly the hallmarks “self-sufficiency in growth signals,” “genomic instability,” and “angiogenesis.” The benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors in ovarian cancer has been demonstrated for the first time. Besides, targeting the tumor microenvironment is of growing interest. Replicative immortality, energy metabolism, tumor promoting inflammation, and the microbiome of ovarian cancer are still barely targeted by drugs. Nevertheless, precision medicine, which focuses on specific disease characteristics, is becoming increasingly important in cancer treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Single cell and spatial analysis of immune-hot and immune-cold tumours identifies fibroblast subtypes associated with distinct immunological niches and positive immunotherapy response
Authors: Jenkins Benjamin H. , Tracy Ian , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda S. D. , Smith Melanie J. L. , Martinez Begoña R. , Edmond Mark , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Rao Anjali , Zong Hailing , Liu Kai , Aggarwal Abhishek , Li Li , Diehl Lauri , King Emma V. , Bates Jamie G. , Hanley Christopher J. , Thomas Gareth J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCancer-associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as critical regulators of anti-tumour immunity, with both beneficial and detrimental properties that remain poorly characterised. To investigate this, we performed single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis, comparing head & neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) subgroups, which although heterogenous, can be considered broadly immune-hot and immune-cold (human papillomavirus [HPV]+ve and HPV-ve tumours respectively). This identified six fibroblast subpopulations, including two with immunomodulatory gene expression profiles (IL-11 + inflammatory [i]CAF and CCL19 + fibroblastic reticular cell [FRC]-like). IL-11 + iCAF were spatially associated with inflammatory monocytes and regulated in vitro through synergistic activation of canonical NF-κB signalling by IL-1β and TNF-α. FRC-like were enriched in immune-hot HPV+ve tumours, associated with CD4 + T-cells and B-cells in tertiary lymphoid structures and regulated through non-canonical NF-κB signalling via lymphotoxin. Pan-cancer analysis revealed several ‘iCAF’ subgroups present in both normal and cancer tissues; IL11 + iCAF were found in cancers from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and transcriptomically distinct from iCAFs previously described in pancreatic and breast cancers with greater inflammatory properties; FRC-like fibroblasts were present at low frequencies in all tumour types, and were associated with significantly better survival in patients receiving checkpoint immunotherapy. This work clarifies and expands current literature on immunomodulatory CAFs, highlighting links with important immunological niches.
Transforming dementia research into practice: a multiple case study of academic research utilization strategies in Dutch Alzheimer Centres
Authors: Zhu Eden Meng , Buljac-Samardžić Martina , Ahaus Kees , Huijsman Robbert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Non-pharmacological dementia research products, such as social and behavioural interventions, are generated in traditional university settings. These often experience challenges to impact practices that they were developed for. The Netherlands established five specialized academic health science centres, referred to as Alzheimer Centres, to structurally coordinate and facilitate the utilization of dementia research knowledge. This study leverages implementation science to systematically explore the research utilization strategies used by academic researchers from each Alzheimer Centre, on the basis of the “knowledge-to-action” (KTA) framework that includes knowledge creation, adaptation, dissemination and implementation.

Methods
Individual semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 29 respondents across the five Alzheimer Centres in the Netherlands. Participants were selected through purposive (snowball) sampling. Interviews were conducted in-person and virtually through Microsoft Teams, and all were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was guided by the dimensions of the KTA framework.

Result
There was a high variation in the strategies used across the five Alzheimer Centres to bring non-pharmacological dementia research into practice. Selected strategies in each Centre were influenced by the typology of research products produced and the Centres’ organizational heritage. The knowledge creation and adaptation phases were mainly facilitated by funders’ guidance towards research impact and research product co-creation with patients and implementing organizations. Dissemination and implementation phases were often facilitated through utilizing support from university-based technology transfer offices to facilitate implementation and valorization and establishing and strategically leveraging formal infrastructure, such as public–private partnerships and professional collaborative networks.

Conclusions
Successful research utilization requires evolving researcher competencies to meet environmental demands and facilitating co-creation with research end-users and implementing partners. Understanding external determinants influencing research utilization in the Dutch dementia research ecosystem is crucial for capacity-building and aligning cross-sector agendas. The KTA framework appears to reveal the intricacies of research utilization, guiding future studies to explore strategies employed across various contexts.
Optimizing transcutaneous spinal stimulation: excitability of evoked spinal reflexes is dependent on electrode montage
Authors: Thatcher Kelly Lynn , Nielsen Karen Emily , Sandler Evan Blake , Daliet Oliver John , Iddings Jennifer Ann , Field-Fote Edelle Carmen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
There is growing interest in use of transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) for people with neurologic conditions both to augment volitional control (by facilitating motoneuron excitability), and to decrease spasticity (by activating inhibitory networks). Various electrode montages are used during TSS, with little understanding of how electrode position influences spinal circuit activation. We sought to identify the thoracolumbar electrode montage associated with the most robust activation of spinal circuits by comparing posterior root-muscle reflexes (PRM reflexes) elicited by 6 montages. Additionally, we assessed tolerability of the stimulation during PRM reflex testing.

Methods
Fifteen adults with intact neurological systems participated in this randomized crossover study. PRM reflexes were evoked transcutaneously using electrode montages with dorsal–ventral (DV) or dorsal-midline (DM) current flow. DV montages included: [1] cathode over T11/T12, anodes over iliac crests (DV-I), [2] cathode over T11/T12, anodes over umbilicus (DV-U), [3] dual paraspinal cathodes at T11/12, anodes over iliac crests (DV-PI), and [4] dual paraspinal cathodes at T11/12, anodes over umbilicus (DV-PU). DM montages included: [5] cathode over T11/12, anode 5 cm caudal (DM-C), and [6] cathode over T11/12, anode 5 cm rostral (DM-R). PRM reflex recruitment curves were obtained in the soleus muscle of both lower extremities.

Results
Lower reflex thresholds (mA) for dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) soleus muscles were elicited in DV-U (D: 46.7[33.9, 59.4], ND: 45.4[32.5, 58.2]) and DV-I (D: 48.1[35.3, 60.8], ND: 45.4[32.5, 58.2]) montages compared to DV-PU (D: 64.3[51.4, 77.1], ND:61.7[48.8, 74.6]), DV-PI (D:64.9[52.1, 77.7], ND:61.4[48.5, 75.5]), DM-C(D:60.0[46.9, 73.1], ND:63.6[50.8, 76.5]), and DM-R(D:63.1[50.3, 76.0], ND:62.6[49.8, 75.5]). DV-U and DV-I montages demonstrated larger recruitment curve area than other montages. There were no differences in response amplitude at 120% of RT(1.2xRT) or tolerability among montages.

Conclusions
Differences in spinal circuit recruitment are reflected in the response amplitude of the PRM reflexes. DV-I and DV-U montages were associated with lower reflex thresholds, indicating that motor responses can be evoked with lower stimulation intensity. DV-I and DV-U montages therefore have the potential for lower and more tolerable interventional stimulation intensities. Our findings optimize electrode placement for interventional TSS and PRM reflex assessments.
Clinical Trial Number: NCT04243044.
Benefits of targeted deployment of physician-led interprofessional pre-hospital teams on the care of critically Ill and injured patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lavery Matthew D. , Aulakh Arshbir , Christian Michael D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Over the past three decades, more advanced pre-hospital systems have increasingly integrated physicians into targeted roles, forming interprofessional teams. These teams focus on providing early senior decision-making and advanced interventions while also ensuring rapid transport to hospitals based on individual patient needs. This paper aims to evaluate the benefits of an inter-professional care model compared to a model where care is delivered solely by paramedics.

Methodology
A meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted using the guidelines of PRISMA 2020. Articles were identified through a systematic search of three databases and snowballing references. A systematic review was conducted of articles that met the inclusion criteria, and a suitable subset was included in a meta-analysis. The survival and mortality outcomes from the studies were then pooled using the statistical software Review Manager (RevMan) Version 8.2.0.

Results
Two thousand two hundred ninety-six articles were found from the online databases and 86 from other sources. However, only 23 articles met the inclusion criteria of our study. A pooled analysis of the outcomes reported in these studies indicated that the mortality risk was significantly reduced in patients who received pre-hospital care from interprofessional teams led by physicians compared with those who received care from paramedics alone (AOR 0.80; 95% CI [0.68, 0.91] p = 0.001). The survival rate of critically ill or injured patients who received pre-hospital care from interprofessional teams led by physicians was increased compared to those who received care from paramedics alone (AOR 1.49; 95% CI [1.31, 1.69] P < 0.00001).

Conclusions
The results of our analysis indicate that the targeted deployment of interprofessional teams led by physicians in the pre-hospital care of critically ill or injured patients improves patient outcomes.
Benchmarking Alzheimer’s disease prediction: personalised risk assessment using polygenic risk scores across various methodologies and genome-wide studies
Authors: Bellou Eftychia , Kim Woori , Leonenko Ganna , Tao Feifei , Simmonds Emily , Wu Ying , Mattsson-Carlgren Niklas , Hansson Oskar , Nagle Michael W. , Escott-Price Valentina ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The success of selecting high risk or early-stage Alzheimer’s disease individuals for the delivery of clinical trials depends on the design and the appropriate recruitment of participants. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) show potential for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our study comprehensively examines AD PRS utility using various methods and models.

Methods
We compared the PRS prediction accuracy in ADNI (N = 568) and BioFINDER (N = 766) cohorts using five disease risk modelling approaches, three PRS derivation methods, two AD genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics and two sets of SNPs: the whole genome and microglia-selective regions only.

Results
The best prediction accuracy was achieved when modelling genetic risk by using two predictors: APOE and remaining PRS (AUC = 0.72–0.76). Microglial PRS showed comparable accuracy to the whole genome (AUC = 0.71–0.74). The individuals’ risk scores differed substantially, with the largest discrepancies (up to 70%) attributable to the GWAS statistics used.

Conclusions
Our work benchmarks the best PRS derivation and modelling strategies for AD genetic prediction.
Applications of Babalola q-convolution operator on subclass of analytic functions
Authors: Shaba Timilehin Gideon , Gunasekar Saravanan , Saliu Afis , Tchier Fairouz , Sudharsanan Baskaran 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, we present a specific type of analytic functions called $\mathfrak{B}_{\gamma}(q)$

B
γ

(
q
)
, characterized by the Babalola q-convolution operator. We examine the characteristics of this category and set the limits for the initial four coefficients. In addition, we establish the limits for the Toeplitz determinants of second and third order for the functions within this category. Our discoveries offer fresh perspectives on the behavior of these functions and aid in comprehending their structural characteristics.
No-tillage practice enhances soil total carbon content in a sandy Cyperus esculentus L. field
Authors: Wang Cong , Hu Yuxiang , Wu Hui , Wang Zhirui , Cai Jiangping , Liu Heyong , Ren Wei , Yang Ning , Wang Zhengwen , Jiang Yong , Li Hui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
No-tillage (NT) is a widely used field management to reduce soil erosion and degradation and is suggested to be beneficial for enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration capacity. Nonetheless, the effects of NT on soil total carbon (TC) content in aeolian sandy soils are not extensively explored, and the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In our field experiments, the influence of NT and conventional tillage (CT) on sandy soil was studied.

Methods
We estimated the changes in soil TC in response to NT practice in a Cyperus esculentus L. field located at semi-arid Horqin sandy land, China. To unravel the underlying mechanisms, plant traits, soil properties and soil microbial characteristics were measured in parallel. The variations in soil bacterial community structure were investigated by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The functionality of soil bacterial community was predicted based on OTU tables by using PICRUSt2.

Results
NT increased soil TC content in this sandy agroecosystem within a short-term experimental period, compared to CT. The underlying mechanisms might rely on three aspects. First, NT increased soil TC content through increasing photosynthesis and plant biomass, and thus, the plant-derived dissolved organic C. Second, NT increased the C immobilized in soil microbial biomass by increasing microbial C demands and C use efficiency. Third, NT increased the dominance of oligotrophic members in bacterial communities by decreasing available nutrient levels, which is associated with the recalcitrance and stability of the soil organic carbon.

Conclusions
The present study enriched our knowledge on the changes in the plant-soil-microbe continuum in response to NT in a semi-arid sandy agroecosystem. Still, this study provides a reference for modifying tillage practices to benefit crop yield as well as soil C sequestration.