bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling FAIR data in Earth and environmental science with community-centric (meta)data reporting formats
Authors: Crystal-Ornelas Robert , Varadharajan Charuleka , O’Ryan Dylan , Beilsmith Kathleen , Bond-Lamberty Benjamin , Boye Kristin , Burrus Madison , Cholia Shreyas , Christianson Danielle S. , Crow Michael , Damerow Joan , Ely Kim S. , Goldman Amy E. , Heinz Susan L. , Hendrix Valerie C. , Kakalia Zarine , Mathes Kayla , O’Brien Fianna , Pennington Stephanie C. , Robles Emily , Rogers Alistair , Simmonds Maegen , Velliquette Terri , Weisenhorn Pamela , Welch Jessica Nicole , Whitenack Karen , Agarwal Deborah A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch can be more transparent and collaborative by using Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles to publish Earth and environmental science data. Reporting formats—instructions, templates, and tools for consistently formatting data within a discipline—can help make data more accessible and reusable. However, the immense diversity of data types across Earth science disciplines makes development and adoption challenging. Here, we describe 11 community reporting formats for a diverse set of Earth science (meta)data including cross-domain metadata (dataset metadata, location metadata, sample metadata), file-formatting guidelines (file-level metadata, CSV files, terrestrial model data archiving), and domain-specific reporting formats for some biological, geochemical, and hydrological data (amplicon abundance tables, leaf-level gas exchange, soil respiration, water and sediment chemistry, sensor-based hydrologic measurements). More broadly, we provide guidelines that communities can use to create new (meta)data formats that integrate with their scientific workflows. Such reporting formats have the potential to accelerate scientific discovery and predictions by making it easier for data contributors to provide (meta)data that are more interoperable and reusable.
Effect of metal oxides on the light radiation intensity of Ba(NO3)2/Mg-containing pyrotechnic mixtures combustion
Authors: Ouyang Di-hua , Yang Chun-hai , Zhang Qian-tao , Yan Hao-yu , Pang Wei-qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudying how to improve the performance of illuminating agents to meet the requirements of ammunition miniaturization of great importance. In this study, a simple method for increasing light radiation intensity through the adding of metal oxides was developed and tested. Results revealed that the metal oxides had a very strong effect on the light radiation intensity of the reaction system. Optical radiation intensity increased by 17.8%, − 5.4% and 25.9% after the addition 5% of MgO, Al2O3and BaO to the Ba(NO3)2/Mg reaction system, respectively. This phenomenon may be related to the light radiation characteristics and reactivity of the metal oxide itself, as well as the temperature at which the added metal oxide can be excited to radiate light intensity.
High-spatial resolution epidemic surveillance of bacterial meningitis in the African meningitis belt in Burkina Faso
Authors: Woringer Maxime , Porgho Souleymane , Fermanian Christophe , Martiny Nadège , Bar-Hen Avner , Mueller Judith E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite improved surveillance capacities and WHO recommendations for subdistrict analysis, routine epidemic surveillance of acute bacterial meningitis in the African meningitis belt remains largely limited to the district level. We evaluated the appropriateness and performance of analyses at higher spatial resolution. We used suspected meningitis surveillance data at health centre (HC) resolution from Burkina Faso from 14 health districts spanning years 2004–2014 and analysed them using spatio-temporal statistics and generative models. An operational analysis compared epidemic signals at district and HC-level using weekly incidence thresholds. Eighty-four percent (N = 98/116) of epidemic clusters spanned only one HC-week. Spatial propagation of epidemic clusters was mostly limited to 10–30 km. During the 2004–2009 (with serogroup A meningitis) and 2010–2014 (after serogroup A elimination) period, using weekly HC-level incidence thresholds of 100 and 50 per 100,000 respectively, we found a gain in epidemic detection and timeliness in 9 (41% of total) and 10 (67%), respectively, district years with at least one HC signal. Individual meningitis epidemics expanded little in space, suggesting that a health centre level analysis is most appropriate for epidemic surveillance. Epidemic surveillance could gain in precision and timeliness by higher spatial resolution. The optimal threshold should be defined depending on the current background incidence of bacterial meningitis.
Evolution of cross-tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster as a result of increased resistance to cold stress
Authors: Singh Karan , Arun Samant Manas , Prasad Nagaraj Guru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCold stress is a critical environmental challenge that affects an organism's fitness-related traits. In Drosophila, increased resistance to specific environmental stress may lead to increased resistance to other kinds of stress. In the present study, we aimed to understand whether increased cold stress resistance in Drosophila melanogaster can facilitate their ability to tolerate other environmental stresses. For the current study, we used successfully selected replicate populations of D. melanogaster against cold shock and their control population. These selected populations have evolved several reproductive traits, including increased egg viability, mating frequency, male mating ability, ability to sire progenies, and faster recovery for mating latency under cold shock conditions. In the present work, we investigated egg viability and mating frequency with and without heat and cold shock conditions in the selected and their control populations. We also examined resistance to cold shock, heat shock, desiccation, starvation, and survival post-challenge with Staphylococcus succinus subsp. succinus PK-1 in the selected and their control populations. After cold-shock treatment, we found a 1.25 times increase in egg viability and a 1.57 times increase in mating frequency in the selected populations compared to control populations. Moreover, more males (0.87 times) and females (1.66 times) of the selected populations survived under cold shock conditions relative to their controls. After being subjected to heat shock, the selected population’s egg viability and mating frequency increased by 0.30 times and 0.57 times, respectively, compared to control populations. Additionally, more selected males (0.31 times) and females (0.98 times) survived under heat shock conditions compared to the control populations. Desiccation resistance slightly increased in the females of the selected populations relative to their control, but we observed no change in the case of males. Starvation resistance decreased in males and females of the selected populations compared to their controls. Our findings suggest that the increased resistance to cold shock correlates with increased tolerance to heat stress, but this evolved resistance comes at a cost, with decreased tolerance to starvation.
Numerical simulation and parameter optimization of earth auger in hilly area using EDEM software
Authors: Wang Guofu , Zhang Wei , Ji Min , Miao Hu , Jin Zheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDigging in hilly regions is an important measure to promote afforestation on difficult sites. In view of the working conditions to build fish-scale pit on slope, the auger mechanism of soil lifting and throwing was investigated in this study. This study utilized EDEM software to establish the operation model of the earth auger and conduct DEM (Discrete Element Method) virtual simulation experiments. A quadratic rotating orthogonal center combination test was implemented by setting the efficiency of conveying-soil (Y1) and the distance of throwing-soil (Y2) as the evaluation indices. Variance analysis and response surface optimization were performed on the virtual experimental data. The results indicated that the weight of the factors affecting the Y1 and Y2, were feeding speed > helix angle > rotating speed > slope angle, and slope auger > rotating speed > feeding speed > helix angle. The optimal parameter combination of each influencing factor was obtained. Among them, when the slope preparation was required, the optimal operating parameter combination of the auger was: Slope of 26.467°, Helix angle of 21.567°, Feeding speed of 0.1 m/s, Rotating speed of 67.408 r/min. This research provides theoretical references for the design optimization of the earth auger in hilly regions.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Magnetic triazine-based dendrimer as a versatile nanocarrier for efficient antiviral drugs delivery
Authors: Ahangarani-Farahani Rezvan , Bodaghifard Mohammad Ali , Asadbegi Sajad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNanoscale engineering is an efficient method for the treatment of multiple infectious diseases. Due to the controllable functionalities, surface properties, and internal cavities, dendrimer-based nanoparticles represent high performance in drug delivery, making their application attractive in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. In this study, a dendritic nanostructure (Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3) was designed and fabricated by grafting a triazine-based dendrimer on a magnetic nanomaterial. The structure of synthesized hybrid nanostructure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, elemental mapping, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The prepared nanostructure (Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3) combines the unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles and a hyperbranched dendrimer for biomedical applications. Its dual nature and highly exposed active sites, could make the transportation of drugs to targeted sites of interest through the magnetic field. A study was conducted on model drugs loading (Favipiravir and Zidovudine) and in vitro release behaviour of Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3, which was monitored by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The dendritic nanostructure exhibited high drug-loading capacity for Favipiravir (63.2%) and Zidovudine (76.5%). About (90.8% and 80.2%) and (95.5% and 83.4%) of loaded Favipiravir and Zidovudine were released from Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3 at pH 1.5 and 6.8 respectively, within 600 min and at 37 °C. The initial fast release attributed to the drug molecules on the surface of nanostructure while the drugs incorporated deeply into the pores of the Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3 released with a delay. We proposed that Fe3O4@SiO2@TAD-G3 could be tested as an effective carrier in the targeted (cellular or tissue) delivery of drugs. We think that the prepared nanostructure will not deposit in the liver and lungs due to the small size of the nanoparticles.
A modeling framework for determining modulation of neural-level tuning from non-invasive human fMRI data
Authors: Sadil Patrick , Cowell Rosemary A. , Huber David E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany neuroscience theories assume that tuning modulation of individual neurons underlies changes in human cognition. However, non-invasive fMRI lacks sufficient resolution to visualize this modulation. To address this limitation, we developed an analysis framework called Inferring Neural Tuning Modulation (INTM) for “peering inside” voxels. Precise specification of neural tuning from the BOLD signal is not possible. Instead, INTM compares theoretical alternatives for the form of neural tuning modulation that might underlie changes in BOLD across experimental conditions. The most likely form is identified via formal model comparison, with assumed parametric Normal tuning functions, followed by a non-parametric check of conclusions. We validated the framework by successfully identifying a well-established form of modulation: visual contrast-induced multiplicative gain for orientation tuned neurons. INTM can be applied to any experimental paradigm testing several points along a continuous feature dimension (e.g., direction of motion, isoluminant hue) across two conditions (e.g., with/without attention, before/after learning).
Anti-tumor effects of P-LPK-CPT, a peptide-camptothecin conjugate, in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hou Lidan , Hou Yichao , Liang Yu , Chen Baiyu , Zhang Xintian , Wang Yu , Zhou Kun , Zhong Ting , Long Bohan , Pang Wenjing , Wang Lei , Han Xu , Li Linjing , Xu Ci , Gross Isabelle , Gaiddon Christian , Fu Wei , Yao Han , Meng Xiangjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo explore highly selective targeting molecules of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a challenge. We previously identified a twelve-amino acid peptide (LPKTVSSDMSLN, namely P-LPK) by phage display technique which may specifically binds to CRC cells. Here we show that P-LPK selectively bind to a panel of human CRC cell lines and CRC tissues. In vivo, Gallium-68 (68Ga) labeled P-LPK exhibits selective accumulation at tumor sites. Then, we designed a peptide-conjugated drug comprising P-LPK and camptothecin (CPT) (namely P-LPK-CPT), and found P-LPK-CPT significantly inhibits tumor growth with fewer side effects in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, through co-immunoprecipitation and molecular docking experiment, the glutamine transporter solute carrier 1 family member 5 (SLC1A5) was identified as the possible target of P-LPK. The binding ability of P-LPK and SLC1A5 is verified by surface plasmon resonance and immunofluorescence. Taken together, P-LPK-CPT is highly effective for CRC and deserves further development as a promising anti-tumor therapeutic for CRC, especially SLC1A5-high expression type.
A self‐stabilised walking gait for humanoid robots based on the essential model with internal states
Authors: Luo Qiuyue , Chevallereau Christine , Ou Yongsheng , Pang Jianxin , De‐León‐Gómez Victor , Aoustin Yannick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWalking stability is one of the key issues for humanoid robots. A self‐stabilised walking gait for a full dynamic model of humanoid robots is proposed. For simplified models, that is, the linear inverted pendulum model and variable‐length inverted pendulum model, self‐stabilisation of walking gait can be obtained if virtual constraints are properly defined. This result is extended to the full dynamic model of humanoid robots by using an essential dynamic model, which is developed based on the zero dynamics concept. With the proposed method, a robust stable walking for a humanoid robot is achieved by adjusting the step timing and landing position of the swing foot automatically, following its intrinsic dynamic characteristics. This exempts the robot from the time‐consuming high‐level control approaches, especially when a full dynamic model is applied. How different walking patterns/features (i.e., the swing foot motion, the vertical centre of mass motion, the switching manifold configuration, etc.) affect the stability of the walking gait is analysed. Simulations are conducted on robots Romeo and TALOS to support the results.
Biopolitics of othering during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ristić Dušan , Marinković Dušan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic as a global threat caused the introduction of different biopolitical measures accompanied by discourses on otherness, including xenophobic, racist, nationalist, or new orientalist discourses. The aim of this research is to map discourses on otherness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our general hypothesis is that, despite the differences in social and cultural contexts, discourses on otherness generated during the pandemic legitimized biopolitical actions and/or measures in addition to exacerbating social, political and cultural differences. The research is based on a semi-systematic approach to literature review using Situational Analysis and Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Discourse. In conclusion, we discuss the impact of discourse studies in the context of the global emergency.
Diminishing toxicity of pyrene on photosynthetic performance of soybean using
Authors: Jain Lakshmi , Jajoo Anjana 
Published: November 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are persistent organic pollutants causing serious environmental problems, being toxic to plants and difficult to remediate. Pyrene is one such extremely dangerous compound that is toxic for the environment. This study suggests the use of Bacillus subtilis (National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms [NCIM] 5594) to overcome inhibitory effects of pyrene on soybean photosynthesis. The toxicity of pyrene to soybean was evident from a significant decrease in seed germination parameters, photosynthetic performance and biomass during growth of soybean in pyrene contaminated soil. Efficiency of performance index, light absorption, trapping and electron transport were reduced in plants grown in pyrene contaminated soil while significant recovery in these parameters was observed in plants grown in pyrene + B. subtilis treated soil. Activity levels of dehydrogenase and lipase enzymes significantly recovered in pyrene + B. subtilis treated soil. After extraction of pyrene from soil and soybean plant, concentration of pyrene was lowered in pyrene + B. subtilis treated soil and plants. These findings suggest efficient degradation of pyrene by B. subtilis. About 70% degradation of pyrene was achieved in soil using B. subtilis; thus it is a useful strain for crop improvement in pyrene polluted soil.
#conspiracymemes
Authors: Gür-Şeker Derya , Boonen Ute K. , Wentker Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Drawing on a multimodal corpus of Instagram memes (see Dancygier and Vandelanotte 2017; Yus 2019), this study explores the forms and functions of online conspiracy memes which are rooted in conspiracy theories (see Byford 2011; Butter and Knight 2020; Uscinski 2020). Focusing on posts, so-called digital multimodal units (DMUs), with regard to platform functions and the ensuing user reactions, this chapter qualitatively investigates DMUs with a discourse-analytic focus from two complementary angles: the posting of internet memes by the account holder as well as the ensuing meta-reflexive discussions (see Bublitz and Hübler 2007) among the audience, in which potential supporters and opponents of conspiracy theories engage to negotiate the semiotics and functions of DMUs.
Bridging experimental and monitoring research for visible foliar injury as bio-indicator of ozone impacts on forests
Authors: Baesso Moura Barbara , Carrari Elisa , Dalstein-Richier Laurence , Sicard Pierre , Leca Stefan , Badea Ovidiu , Pitar-Silaghi Diana , Shashikumar Anumol , Ciriani Marie-Lyne , Paoletti Elena , Hoshika Yasutomo 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Tropospheric ozone (O
3
) is a phytotoxic air pollutant and the O
3
-induced visible foliar injury (O
3
VFI) is a biomarker. A recently developed Free-air O
3
eXposure (FO
3
X) is a promising facility to verify field-observed “O
3
-like” VFIs and to establish a flux-based threshold for the O
3
VFI onset. The present study compared O
3
-like VFI registered in the southern European forest sites with actual O
3
VFI observed in a FO
3
X experiment. The O
3
-like VFIs were evaluated by eye in forests and thus it was subjective. According to the imaging analysis, we firstly demonstrated that major parts of the colors were similar in the field and the FO
3
X. The color pallets for O
3
VFI was species-specific and considered a advanced tool for the O
3
VFI diagnosis. In addition, we calculated a flux-based threshold for the O
3
VFI onset at the FO
3
X based on a Phytotoxic Ozone Dose (POD
1
), which ranged from 4.9 to 18.1 mmol m
−2
POD
1
. This FO
3
X-derived threshold partly explained but did not necessarily match with the observation for several tree species in actual forests. The multivariate analysis showed that O
3
VFI was decreased by the presence of various species and suggested the importance of continuous monitoring activities in the field for the further analysis.
Analytical analysis of the origin of core-cusp matter density distributions in galaxies
Authors: Kapustin A.D. , Paston S.A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We propose an analytical method to describe a matter density profile near a galaxy center. The description is based on the study of the distribution function of particles over possible trajectories. We establish a relation between the central slope of density profile and the near-origin behavior of the angular momentum distribution function. We consider both a spherically symmetric (on average) matter distribution as well as deviations from it. If the density profile forms in a background of spherical gravitation potential then a core-type distribution arises. A regular matter may behave in such way if the background potential was formed by the dark matter. In the presence of deviation from spherical symmetry the formation of cusp-type distribution is possible. Moreover, a reduction of spherical symmetry to the axial one leads to a less steep cusp profile. The complete symmetry breaking (which corresponds, in particular, to the common setup of numerical simulations), leads to a steeper cusp profile.
Neurostimulators for high-resolution artificial retina: ASIC design challenges and solutions
Authors: Jeong Hyunbeen , Kim Jisung , Seo Jong-mo , Neviani Andrea 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Neurostimulator is one of the most important part in artificial retina design. In this paper, we discuss the main challenges in the design of application-specific integrated circuit for high-resolution artificial retina and suggest corresponding solutions. Approach. Problems in the design of the neurostimulator for the existing artificial retina have not been solved yet are analyzed and solutions are presented. For verification of the solutions, mathematical proof, MATLAB and Ansys simulations are used. Main results. The drawbacks of resorting to a high-voltage complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process to deal with the large voltage compliance demanded by the stimulator output stage are pointed out, and an alternative approach based on a circuit that switches the voltage of the common reference electrode is proposed to overcome. The necessity of an active discharge circuit to remove the residual charge of electrodes caused by an unbalanced stimulus is investigated. We present a circuit analysis showing that the use of a passive discharge circuit is sufficient to suppress problematic direct current in most situations. Finally, possible restrictions on input and output (I/O) count are investigated by estimating the resistive-capacitive delay caused by the interconnection between the I/O pad and the microelectrode array. Significance. The results of this paper clarified the problems currently faced by neurostimulator design for the artificial retina. Through the solutions presented in this study, circuits with more competitiveness in power and area consumption can be designed.
Calculating the maximum possible yield for a typical pyroelectric neutron generator
Authors: Mohtashami S. , Afarideh H. , Abbasi Davani F. , Ghaderi R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pyroelectric crystals are heated/cooled to supply D-D/D-T fusion for the purpose of
neutron generation. Enhancing the pyroelectric neutron generators (PNG) yield is one of the main
goals pursued by most of the previously developed techniques/models. Here, the maximum possible
neutron yield of a PNG is calculated in which a widely-used pyroelectric crystal (i.e., LiTaO3
with a diameter of 3 cm and height of 1 cm) is applied. This calculation is performed by a
simulation procedure including: (1) computation of the PNG potential/current for neutron
generation based on new modifications (2) simulation of the deuterium ions acceleration into the
target during a thermal cycle (3) simulation of the D-D fusion interaction using the Geant4
toolkit. The results show that the maximum yield of the PNG in the ideal conditions is about
6.4× 106 neutrons per cycle. This study provides a useful approach for
determining the upper limit of the expected efficiency for typical PNGs and other compact neutron
generators.