bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublethal Exposure of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances of Varying Chain Length and Polar Functionality Results in Distinct Metabolic Responses in Daphnia magna
Authors: Labine Lisa M. , Oliveira Pereira Erico A. , Kleywegt Sonya , Jobst Karl J. , Simpson André J. , Simpson Myrna J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent organic pollutants used in industrial applications because of their physicochemical properties, which results in their ubiquitous presence across environmental matrices. To date, legacy PFAS have been well studied; however, the concentration of alternative PFAS may exceed the concentration of legacy pollutants, and more information is needed regarding the sublethal toxicity at the molecular level of aquatic model organisms, such as Daphnia magna. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) are four widely detected PFAS alternatives of varying chain length and polar functionality that are quantified in aquatic environments. The present study examines the metabolic perturbations of PFAS with varying chemistries to D. magna using targeted mass spectrometry–based metabolomics. Daphnia were acutely exposed to sublethal concentrations of PFBA, PFHxA, PFHxS, and PFNA before the polar metabolite profile was extracted from single organisms. Multivariate analysis demonstrated significant separation between the sublethal concentrations of PFHxA, PFHxS, and PFNA relative to the controls; in sum, longer chain lengths demonstrated greater overall perturbations to the extracted metabolic profiles. Univariate statistics revealed significant perturbations in the concentrations of several amino acids, nucleotides/nucleosides, and neurotransmitters with exposure to PFAS. These metabolic perturbations are consistent with disruptions in energy metabolism (pantothenate and coenzyme A metabolism, histidine metabolism) and protein synthesis (aminoacyl-transfer RNA biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism), which were identified through biochemical pathway analysis. These results provide evidence that although PFAS chemistry (chain length and polar functional group) invokes unique metabolic responses, there is also an underlying toxic mode of action that is common with select PFAS exposure. Overall, the present study highlights the capabilities of environmental metabolomics to elucidate the molecular-level perturbations of pollutants within the same chemical class to model aquatic organisms, which can be used to prioritize risk assessment of substituted PFAS alternatives. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:242–256. © 2022 SETAC
Artificial intelligence‐empoweredvision‐based self driver assistance system for internet of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Rawlley Oshin , Gupta Shashank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) and edge computing have truly advanced in vehicular networks encouraging assessment of real‐time traffic conditions using kinetic information of autonomous vehicles with the help of road side units (RSUs). However, regardless of numerous improvements in sensor fusion technologies the existing vision/LIDAR‐based systems have found severe difficulties during perception on roads. In addition, the inter‐vehicular communications are hampered due to inefficient RSU placement techniques causing high‐latency issues during transmission of messages. Therefore, this article presents an AI‐driven vision‐based self driver assistance system (VSDAS) comprising a joint RSU deployment mechanism that utilizes enhanced memetic architecture‐based optimal RSU placement (MARP) method and an object detection model that implements an improved Haar‐cascade object detection algorithm for speedy identification of object. We have designed two varieties of genetic algorithm (GA) to solve optimal placement problem of RSUs: genetic architecture‐based with random restart hill climbing (GARRH) and the other is MARP for efficient placement of RSUs. After our experimental results, we see that the MARP algorithm shows best possible RSU locations over different generations achieving significantly better fitness scores than the GAHRC and GA ascribing to its local search process. In addition, Haar‐cascade achieves better mean average precision than local binary pattern and histogram of oriented gradients by selecting key frames. The experimental outcomes of our model reveals that the proposed enhanced memetic algorithm reduces the transmission delay to a greater extent. Additionally, the outcomes of our investigations on two public datasets (KITTI and Panasonic) showed that our improved algorithm clearly enhances the object detection performance.
Daily affect intensity and variability of adolescents and their parents before and during a COVID‐19 lockdown
Authors: de Vries Lianne P. , Bülow Anne , Pelt Dirk H. M. , Boele Savannah , Bartels Meike , Keijsers Loes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe corona virus (COVID‐19) pandemic may have a prolonged impact on people's lives, with multiple waves of infections and lockdowns, but how a lockdown may alter emotional functioning is still hardly understood.MethodsIn this 100‐daily diaries study, we examined how to affect intensity and variability of adolescents (N = 159, Mage = 13.3, 61.6% female) and parents (N = 159, Mage = 45.3, 79.9% female) changed after the onset and during (>50 days) the second COVID‐19 lockdown in the Netherlands, using preregistered piecewise growth models.ResultsWe found only an unexpected increase in parents' positive affect intensity after the lockdown onset, but no immediate changes in negative affect intensity or variability. However, both adolescents and parents reported gradual increases in negative affect intensity and variability as the lockdown prolonged. Lockdown effects did not differ between adolescents and parents. However, within groups, individuals differed. The individual differences in the effects were partly explained by life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and self‐reported lockdown impact.ConclusionsOverall, these findings suggests that a lockdown triggers changes in daily affective well‐being especially as the lockdown prolongs. Individual differences in the effects indicate heterogeneity in the impact of the lockdown on daily affect that was partly explained by baseline life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. However, more knowledge on the causes of this heterogeneity is needed to be able to increase resilience to lockdown effects in the population.
Real‐time macroeconomic projection using narrative central bank communication
Authors: Lin Jianhao , Fan Jiacheng , Zhang Yifan , Chen Liangyuan 
Published: November 2022

SummaryUnlike the central banks of most developed economies, the People's Bank of China (PBC) does not release its macroeconomic forecasts to the public but instead carries out narrative communication. We apply a hurdle distributed multinomial regression to PBC communication texts in real time, addressing the ultrahigh dimensionality, sparsity, and look‐ahead biases. In addition, we embed text‐based indices into mixed‐data sampling (MIDAS)‐type models and conduct forecast combinations for prediction. Our results argue that the predictive information from communication texts improves the real‐time out‐of‐sample prediction performance. We connect textual analysis and real‐time macroeconomic projection, providing new insights into the value of central bank communication.
Two acute psychiatric emergencies and prevalence of mental health disorders at an outpatient apheresis clinic: Implications for apheresis practitioners
Authors: Williams Shelly M. , Bobr Aleh , Koepsell Scott A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of mental health disorders among apheresis patients is unknown. Patients with chronic conditions treated with apheresis in the outpatient setting often see their apheresis healthcare professionals more frequently than their referring physicians. In addition, many apheresis patients are on medications with psychiatric side effects such as steroids. Given the frequent interactions of apheresis practitioners with outpatients, psychiatric issues may be encountered. To highlight these issues, we report two psychiatric emergencies that occurred in an outpatient apheresis clinic. Additionally, the prevalence of mental health diagnoses in our outpatient clinic was determined to help estimate the exposure that apheresis teams have to patients with mental health diagnoses. Practical recommendations for apheresis practitioners when encountering psychiatric emergencies are summarized.
The role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Khosravi Teymoor , Oladnabi Morteza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a frequent cancer predisposition syndrome. The common hallmark of patients with this multisystemic genetic disorder is the formation of peripheral nerve sheath tumors, which can be seen as either dermal, plexiform, and malignant forms. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an essential gene regulation factor and consists of 22–25 nucleotides. MiRNAs are identified to act as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes (oncomirs) in a wide variety of human cancers. They play multiple roles in molecular pathways responsible for tumor homing, progression, and invasion. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) also has a key role in cancer transcriptomics. Altered lncRNA expression levels have been found in various malignancies. This review aims to summarize the role of two noncoding RNA groups, miRNAs and lncRNAs, in NF1 establishment, development, and progression. We also highlight their potential for future clinical interventions and devising new diagnostic tools.
lncRNA ANRIL accelerates wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers via modulating HIF1A/VEGFA signaling through interacting with FUS
Authors: Wan Jia , Bao Yan , Hou Li‐Juan , Li Guo‐Jian , Du Ling‐Juan , Ma Zhen‐Huan , Yang Guo‐Kai , Hou Yi , Li Zhao‐Xiang , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a frequently diagnosed complication of diabetes, and remains a heathcare burden worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of DFU is still largely unclear. The objective of this study is to delineate the function and underlying mechanism of lncRNA antisense non coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and DFU mice.MethodsThe DFU mouse model was established, and EPCs were subjected to high glucose (HG) treatment to mimic diabetes. qRT‐PCR or western blot was employed to detected the expression of ANRIL, HIF1A, FUS and VEGFA. CCK‐8 and Annexin V/PI staining were used to monitor cell proliferation and apoptosis. Wound healing, Transwell invasion and tube formation assays were conducted to assess cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis, respectively. The association between ANRIL and FUS was verified by RNA pull‐down and RIP assays. Luciferase and ChIP assays were employed to investigate HIF1A‐mediated transcriptional regulation of VEGFA and ANRIL. The histological alterations of DFU wound healing were observed by H&E and Masson staining.ResultsANRIL was downregulated in peripheral blood samples of DFU patients, DFU mice and HG‐treated EPCs. Mechanistically, ANRIL regulated HIFA mRNA stability via recruiting FUS. VEGFA and ANRIL were transcriptionally regulated by HIF1A. Functional experiments revealed that HG suppressed EPC proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation, but promoted apoptosis via ANRIL/HIF1A axis. ANRIL accelerated DFU wound healing via modulating HIF1A expressionin vivo.ConclusionANRIL accelerated wound healing in DFU via modulating HIF1A/VEGFA signaling in a FUS‐dependent manner.
Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations causing seizures localize to one common brain network
Authors: Zhao Shao‐Zhi , Zhao Yu‐Xin , Liao Xiao‐Hua , Huo Ran , Li Hao , Jiao Yu‐Ming , Weng Jian‐Cong , Wang Jie , Liu Bing , Cao Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeizures are a frequent symptom of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). However, the brain regions responsible for these seizures remain unclear. To identify the brain regions causally involved in bAVM‐related seizures, we retrospectively reviewed 220 patients with unruptured bAVMs. Using voxel‐based lesion‐symptom mapping (VLSM) analyses, we tested whether individual brain regions were associated with unruptured bAVM‐related seizures. The result revealed that unruptured bAVMs causing seizures are anatomically heterogeneous at the voxel level. Subsequently, lesion network mapping (LNM) analyses was performed to determine whether bAVMs causing seizures belonged to a distributed brain network. LNM analyses indicated that these lesions were located in a functional network characterized by connectivity to the left caudate and precuneus. Moreover, the discrimination performance of the identified seizure network was evaluated in discovery set by calculating the individualized network damage score and was tested in validation set. Based on the calculated network damage scores, patients were divided into low‐, medium‐, and high‐risk groups. The prevalence of seizures significantly differed among the three risk categories in both discovery (p = .003) and validation set (p = .004). Finally, we calculated the percentage of voxels in the canonical resting‐state networks that overlapped with the seizure‐susceptible brain regions to investigate the involvement of resting‐state networks. With an involvement percentage over 50%, the frontoparietal control (82.9%), limbic function (76.7%), and default mode network (69.3%) were considered to be impacted in bAVM‐related seizures. Our study identified the seizure‐susceptible brain regions for unruptured bAVMs, which could be a plausible neuroimaging biomarker in predicting possible seizures.
Community distribution of rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria of ephemeral plants in desert‐oasis ecotone and analysis of environmental driving factors
Authors: Peng Mengwen , He Hao , Wang Zhongke , Li Guifang , Lv Xinhua , Pu Xiaozhen , Zhuang Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEphemeral plants are important part of the vegetation maintaining Gurbantünggüt Desert‐oasis ecotone stability. Studying the response characteristics of root‐associated bacteria of ephemeral plants to soil habitats is of great significance for understanding the adaptability of plants and maintaining ecotone stability. In this study, physicochemical analysis and 16 S sequencing technology were used to analyse the diversity, structure, function, and driving factors of rhizosphere and root‐endophytic bacteria of ephemeral plants in aeolian soil and grey desert soil. The results showed differences in the rhizosphere soil properties and root nutrient content between the two habitat soils. The Shannon index of the rhizosphere bacteria in the grey desert soil was higher than that in the aeolian soil, whereas the Shannon and ACE indices of the endophytic bacteria were lower than those in the aeolian soil. Soil type caused evident changes in the relative abundance and community structure of the rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria. PICRUSt function prediction showed that energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, replication and repair, and membrane transport were the main functional categories of rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria in the two soils. The rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria of ephemeral plants were closely related to soil factors. Soil water content, electrical conductivity (EC), total phosphorus, total potassium, and nitrogen/phosphorus ratio were the key factors affecting the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and function. The key factors affecting the root‐endophytic bacterial community structure and function were the pH, EC, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, available potassium, carbon/phosphorus ratio, and root phosphorus. This study revealed the community structure, functions and driving factors of root‐associated bacteria in ephemeral plants grown in different soils. These findings have significance for future studies on the bacterial metabolic function of ephemeral plants and provide references for vegetation protection and restoration in different soils of the ecotone.
The TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway is involved in Musashi2‐induced invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Zhong Lin , Liu Jiang , Ning Zhi Kun , Tian Hua Kai , Wu Xun , Huang Ying Feng , Wu Zi Chun , Zong Zhen , Zhou Tai Cheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo identify Musashi2 as an effective biomarker regulated by the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway for the precise diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) through bioinformatic tools and experimental verification. The Cancer Genome Atlas, Timer, and Kaplan−Meier analyses were performed to clarify the expression of Musashi2 and its influence on the prognosis of CRC. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1) was used to activate the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway to identify whether it could regulate the expression and function of Musashi2. Western blot analysis and quantitative PCR analyses were conducted to verify the expression of Musashi2. Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8), EdU, wound healing, and Transwell assays were conducted to reveal the role of Musashi2 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC. Musashi2 was upregulated in CRC and promoted proliferation and metastasis. TGF‐β1 increased the expression of Musashi2, while the antagonist inducer of type II TGF‐β receptor degradation‐1 (ITD‐1) decreased the expression. CCK8 and EdU assays demonstrated that inhibition of Musashi2 or use of ITD‐1 lowered proliferation ability. The Transwell and wound healing assays showed that the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells could be regulated by Musashi2. The above functions could be enhanced by TGF‐β1 by activating the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway and reversed by ITD‐1. A positive correlation was found between Musashi2 and the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. TGF‐β1 activates the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 pathway to stimulate the expression of Musashi2, which promotes the progression of CRC. Musashi2 might become a target gene for the development of new antitumor drugs.
Design of a river chief incentive mechanism based on blockchain: A principal–agent model
Authors: Chang He , Liu Huimin , Jin Shuai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInformation asymmetry caused by centralized databases is the main factor hindering the improved performance of river chief governance, and blockchain can solve this dilemma. In view of the mismatch between traceable feature of blockchain and the heavy punishment mechanism, a model of river governance was constructed based on principal–agent theory, and an incentive mechanism of river chiefs in the context of blockchain was designed. The results we conducted will enable the real river management information to be stored permanently in the distributed ledger. These measures are conducive to long‐term river management and improve the overall environmental and social benefits.
Novel biallelic mutations in TTC29 cause asthenoteratospermia and male infertility
Authors: Dai Siyu , Liang Yan , Liu Mohan , Yang Yanting , Liu Hongqian , Shen Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF), which is characterized as asthenoteratospermia involving absent, short, bent, coiled, and/or irregular‐caliber flagella, is a rare recessive inherited disorder associated with male infertility. To date, genetic causes of MMAF cases are not fully explored.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing was conducted to identify pathogenic variants in a patient with MMAF. The functional effect of the identified mutations was investigated by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was used to assist fertilization for the patient with MMAF.ResultsWe identified novel biallelic mutations, a splicing variant NC_000004.12:g.146937593C>T (c.254+1G>A), and a nonsense mutation NM_001300761.4:c.1185C>G (NP_001287690.1:p.Tyr395*), in TTC29 from an infertile patient. In addition to the typical MMAF phenotype, the patient also presented aberrant morphology of sperm heads. Further functional experiments confirmed the absence of TTC29 expression in the spermatozoa. We also explored the specific expression pattern of TTC29 in human and mouse spermatogenesis. The outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the patient was unsuccessful, while additional female risk factors should not be excluded.ConclusionsOur study revealed the novel biallelic mutations in TTC29 in a MMAF patient, which findings expand the mutational spectrum of TTC29 and further contribute to the diagnosis, genetic counseling, and prognosis of male infertility.
Impact of secondary particles on the magnetic field generated by a proton pencil beam: a finite‐element analysis based on Geant4‐DNA simulations
Authors: Rädler Martin , Buizza Giulia , Kawula Maria , Palaniappan Prasannakumar , Gianoli Chiara , Baroni Guido , Paganelli Chiara , Parodi Katia , Riboldi Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the static magnetic field generated by a proton pencil beam as a candidate for range verification by means of Monte Carlo simulations, thereby improving upon existing analytical calculations. We focus on the impact of statistical current fluctuations and secondary protons and electrons.MethodsWe considered a pulsed beam (10 s pulse duration) during the duty cycle with a peak beam current of 0.2 A and an initial energy of 100 MeV. We ran Geant4‐DNA Monte Carlo simulations of a proton pencil beam in water and extracted independent particle phase spaces. We calculated longitudinal and radial current density of protons and electrons, serving as an input for a magnetic field estimation based on a finite element analysis in a cylindrical geometry. We made sure to allow for non‐solenoidal current densities as is the case of a stopping proton beam.ResultsThe rising proton charge density toward the range is not perturbed by energy straggling and only lowered through nuclear reactions by up to 15%, leading to an approximately constant longitudinal current. Their relative low density however (at most 0.37 protons/mm3 for the 0.2 A current and a beam cross‐section of 2.5 mm), gives rise to considerable current density fluctuations. The radial proton current resulting from lateral scattering and being two orders of magnitude weaker than the longitudinal current is subject to even stronger fluctuations. Secondary electrons with energies above 10 eV, that far outnumber the primary protons, reduce the primary proton current by only 10% due to their largely isotropic flow. A small fraction of electrons (<1%), undergoing head‐on collisions, constitutes the relevant electron current. In the far‐field, both contributions to the magnetic field strength (longitudinal and lateral) are independent of the beam spot size. We also find that the nuclear reaction‐related losses cause a shift of 1.3 mm to the magnetic field profile relative to the actual range, which is further enlarged to 2.4 mm by the electron current (at a distance of mm away from the central beam axis). For mm, the shift increases linearly. While the current density variations cause significant magnetic field uncertainty close to the central beam axis with a relative standard deviation (RSD) close to 100%, they average out at a distance of 10 cm, where the RSD of the total magnetic field drops below 2%.ConclusionsWith the small influence of the secondary electrons together with the low RSD, our analysis encourages an experimental detection of the magnetic field through sensitive instrumentation, such as optical magnetometry or SQUIDs.