bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity and ecosystem stability based on molecular and genetic technologies in plant breeding
Authors: Zolkin Alexander L , Matvienko Evgeny V , Chistyakov Maxim S , Suchkov Dmitry K , Ryabkova Gina V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Genetic resources of plants are the part of biological resources that includes plant material containing functional units of heredity, which has the actual or potential value for the breeding of plant varieties and hybrids. For the first time in the world, the need to collect genetic resources was justified by N.I. Vavilov. An important and urgent problem in plant breeding is the task of creation of breeding material with desired properties. The creation of such material is still a complex and, in some cases, difficult task. Plant diversity is preserved in the world’s collections and is an extremely valuable huge source of potentially useful genes that farmers and breeders need in order to develop higher yielding varieties that are better able to adapt to environmental conditions. Grain crops, such as wheat, barley, corn, rice, etc., are always considered as the most valuable agricultural crops in terms of fodder productive qualities and are the main food in many countries of the world. Consequently, the world gene pool of agricultural plants is an insurance policy for the further well-being of mankind.
Aspects of the application of precision agriculture in the conditions of intensification of grain production in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Albert Maxim A , Galeev Rinat R , Kovalev Efim A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The results of three-year research during 2019-2021 on the study of the effectiveness of precision farming elements in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia are presented. The experiments were carried out on leached chernozem at the Irmen breeding farm, Ordynsky district, Novosibirsk region. Elements of precision farming were tested on grain crops: spring wheat: varieties Likamero, Novosibirskaya 31 and Omskaya 36; spring barley varieties: Paustian and Margret and oats varieties Rovestnik. Navigation and drones of varying degrees of complexity were used, as well as a complex of differentiated fertilization. The aim of the work was to improve the technology of precision farming in the production of grain crops in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The effectiveness of the use of precision farming elements has been established. Due to the introduction of differentiated doses of mineral fertilizers, the grain yield of wheat varieties increased by 27%, spring barley 33% and oats - 23%. Against the background of the use of geolocation technologies in combination with differentiated application of mineral fertilizers, the yield level reached 7 t/ha for spring soft wheat of the Licamero variety, 8 t/ha for spring barley Paustian, and 5.6 t/ha for oats. In order to obtain a high yield of grain crops, doses of mineral fertilizers were applied differentially according to elementary fields up to 25 Oct. per 1 hectare and liquid nitrogen fertilizers up to 200 l/ha UAN-32, which ensured not only a yield of up to 7 t/ha, but also high technological quality of grain with a gluten level in spring soft wheat of the Licamero variety - 36%.
Diversity of plankton communities of chloride lakes of Southeastern Transbaikalia
Authors: Tashlykova N A , Afonina E Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Saline lakes as an extreme type of ecosystems are the object of intensive multidisciplinary research. The few chloride water bodies are unique in their own way and are of great interest to researchers. Their morphometric, hydrological, physical and hedrochemical characteristics are subject to significant changes, which are caused by cyclic climatic fluctuations. These lakes periodic fill and dry up. Most chloride lakes are localized on relatively level surfaces. The depth and area of the lakes vary depending on meteorological conditions. They are fed by surface runoff water and atmospheric precipitation. The surveyed water bodies are part of the Onon-Borzya group of lakes, located in the Onon River valley in the south-eastern Transbaikalia. The region is characterized by a cryoarid climate. Organisms adapted to living in mineral lakes combine wide physiological tolerance to changing salinity with rather strong dependence on other features of the habitat. We aim is to research the diversity of algae and plankton invertebrates in shallow chloride lakes (Gorbunka, Dabasa-Nur, Hilganta). This work presents the results of primary studies conducted in March and July 2021. Plankton samples were collected and processed according to methods generally accepted in hydrobiology. Taxonomic composition, abundance and biomass of planktonic organisms were revealed. The composition of algae and the ratio of the divisions in the plankton of the surveyed chloride water bodies are typical for water bodies with increased salinity, where cyanobacteria and green algae prevail. In zooplankton one species, rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, which is a cosmopolitan, halobiont and typical inhabitant of inland mineral lakes, was found. Quantitative indices varied within a wide range, which is probably connected with hydrochemical indices and different level of filling of lakes.
Increasing the bioproductivity of Ammi majus L. with the use of growth regulators and microfertilizers
Authors: Zagoryansky A N , Nechaeva E Kh , Suetin V N , Nikiforova O I , Stepanova Yu V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is possible to optimize the bioproductive process by adjusting the hormonal status of the plant organism. In this regard, in the development of advanced growing technologies in medicinal plant growing, much attention is paid to the use of natural bioregulators for the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants with various active substances. The development of an effective system for the use of growth regulators and microfertilizers is an important link in resource-saving technologies for medicinal crops, since they are environmentally safe, harmless and highly effective at low consumption rates of biologically active substances of polyfunctional action. In 2020-2021, in the Middle Volga branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution VILAR, an experiment was conducted to study the effect,of growth regulators and micronutrient fertilizers on the growth, development, increasing the yield of Ammi majus L. fruits. For two years of research, Albit showed the best results in the use of raw material areas, the average yield of Ammi majus L. fruits was 819 kg/ha, which is 162 kg/ha more than the control variant.
Influence of Scott pine seed size on the quality of seedlings produced
Authors: Knyazev A V , Lapshina M L , Borodin N A , Tkachev V V , Lebedev V V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The creation of highly productive forests should be based on the use of high quality seedlings. Those machines and technologies that have been used for cleaning and subsequent sorting of coniferous seeds with their subsequent sowing in the nursery do not fully provide the forestry complex with good-quality planting material. The reason for this is the use of seeds of unsorted fractions in nurseries, the failure to observe conditions during sowing that ensure the amicable emergence of seedlings and conditions in the sowing rows for the normal development of plants, excluding their large mortality and obtaining non-standard seedlings. It should be noted that modern requirements for silvicultural production largely depend on the quality of planting material. Seedlings obtained by growing them without overshooting give a high silvicultural effect if they meet the intended purpose of the cultivated area, have biometric parameters determined by GOST, which make it possible to grow high-quality planting material without overshooting in two growing seasons. The use of innovations in the restoration of forest landscapes is necessary for the cooperation of engineers and researchers. The integration of scientific and technical research and engineering design contributes to the speedy achievement of stringent environmental requirements for vehicle engines and tools. Obtaining high-quality seed is possible while maintaining the sowing qualities of seeds, reducing the degree of injury and treatment cycles, reducing losses during processing and sowing in the nursery. Based on this, there is a need to develop a device for sorting seeds of coniferous species, which will ensure the quality and efficiency of the technological process, as well as obtaining high-quality seed material in a minimum number of processing cycles.
Samarkand region land resources and the status of their use in the economy
Authors: Namozov J A , Djurayeva L V , Dovulov N L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article talks about the composition of agricultural land resources of Samarkand region, including irrigated land resources and its importance. The role of these lands in the agro-economy of the region, the district-level characteristics are described by its land types. In agriculture, the share of irrigated land and arable land is represented in the form of tables and diagrams. The importance of irrigated land in the economy of regional districts is shown by the example of regional agriculture and other industries. In the concluding part of the article, proposals and recommendations on the rational use of agricultural land in the economy have been developed.
Taxonomic analysis of micromycetes of the highest plants of the Denau arboretum
Authors: Sodikova D G , Sodikov B S , Mardonov Sh U 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
On decorative trees and shrubs, under the influence of external factors and pathogenic microorganisms, the development of various diseases is observed. The article is devoted to the prevention of such negative phenomena, the study of the species composition of the biota of micromycetes, as well as the analysis of their bioecological characteristics.
Technologies of oats cultivation on ordinary chernozem in the Krasnoyarsk region
Authors: Romanov V N , Lipshin A G , Kazulina N S , Vasilenko A V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Studies to determine the impact of increasing the flow of biogenic energy in the agroecosystem on the productivity of oats were carried out in 2017-2019 in a stationary field experiment of the laboratory of varietal agricultural technologies. An assessment was made of minimal tillage, using the BDM-6 Rubin disc harrow and direct seeding technology with an improved SZS-2.1 stubble seedier, in comparison with traditional technology based on mouldboard plowing (control). The object of study is the oat variety Tubinsky, which showed a yield of 4 t/ha during variety testing. The crop yield was formed in severe weather conditions, which limited the oat yield to 2.9–3.4 t/ha, which is 15–28% lower than the level during variety testing. The bioenergetic assessment allows us to note that the highest energy coefficient was obtained in the variant of minimal processing with the use of ammonium nitrate (4.8) and direct sowing without the use of mineral fertilizers (4.4). Nitrogen fertilizers, in the form of ammonium nitrate, applied before sowing in the amount of 1 c/ha, contributed to an increase in oat productivity by 7–9%. In general, resource-saving technologies for crop cultivation reduce production costs by 12.6%, and fuel and lubricant consumption is reduced by 42.6% compared to technology based on mouldboard processing. The inevitable growth of weeds in direct sowing areas is reduced by 80% by the use of herbicides. Differences in the yield level between the technology options are insignificant, (Smallest Difference Existing) SDE05 was 0.4 t/ha.
Change in agrophysical properties of the soils of the lower Amu Darya river terrain
Authors: Namozov Kh , Korakhonova Y , Khojasov M , Isaev S , Khojasov A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Today, 50 percent of agricultural land in the world is moderately and severely degraded, and 12 million hectares of land are lost from agricultural use every year. Because of this, the land, which is the means of livelihood and livelihood of millions of people, is under threat. Nearly 800 million people suffer from chronic malnutrition, which in turn is directly related to land degradation, reduced soil fertility, unsustainable water use, drought, and severe biodiversity loss. According to scientific predictions, over the next 25 years, as a result of the acceleration of soil degradation processes, global food production will decrease by 12%, which will lead to an increase in food prices by 30%. This article describes the agrophysical properties of the soils of the lower reaches of Amu Darya, increasing soil fertility, effective use of land resources and development of advanced agrotechnical measures, scientifically based results of soil fertility.
Desalinization of degraded soils by atmospheric precipitation and Biosolvent for saving water resources
Authors: Shirokova Yu I , Paluashova G K , Sadiev F F , Lamers J P A , Kodirov D T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the Syrdarya region of Uzbekistan, the influence of atmospheric precipitation on changes in the degree of salinity and chemical composition of the upper 30 cm soil layer was studied. Experiment options: 1 - loosening the soil to a depth of 70 cm, 2 - loosening, followed by soil treatment with preparation containing polymaleic acid. A decrease in the degree of soil salinity by 7 - 8 dS/m has been established with the help of only 302 mm of precipitation, without water wasted for leaching. The decrease in soil salinity was: according to EU, 56% - in option 2, and 52% - in option 1. According to TDS, the salinity reduction was: - 61 and 52%, according to SO “4. - 58 and 47%. The content of calcium in the variant with the use of Biosolvent decreased by 48%, and in the control variant, it increased by 15%. It has been estimated that with a decrease in salinity from 16 to 8 dS/m, a possible increase in the yield of a salt-tolerant barley crop by 1.6 t/ha is possible. Taking into account the costs of loosening and tillage with the preparation, the net income of the farmer can be $480/ha.
Hydraulic calculation lateral in drip irrigation
Authors: Abduraimova D , Otakhonov M , Jalilov S , Vokhidova U 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Drip irrigation systems are widely used worldwide to satisfy the water demand of agricultural crops. It is known that drip irrigation technology has a number of other advantages, such as intensive irrigation, automation, and water economical benefits. The methods which is available in hydraulics are widely used in the calculation of drip irrigation design. One of the most important issues in the drip irrigation system is the correct estimation of the discharge coming out of the drippers. As known from hydraulic calculations, it is necessary to take into account the pressure when determining the discharge coming out of the emitters. It should also be noted that discharge from emitters has a special effect on pressure losses in drip irrigation systems. The article presents the results of the research conducted in natural field conditions on the assessment of hydraulic processes in drip irrigation systems. As an object of research, the cultivated field of the “Sharifjan oglu Akhmadjon” farm in Rishton district, Fergana region was selected. The results of measurement work at 36 points of the research object are highlighted. As a result of the conducted research, recommendations for determining discharge in irrigation pipes were developed.
Method for treating wastewater from nitrogen group in the Murmansk region
Authors: Krasavtseva E A , Svetlov A V , Makarov D V , Slukovskaya M V , Shirokaya A A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The problem of mining enterprises wastewater treatment has not lost its relevance over the past decades. The paper presents the results of laboratory studies on the nitrogen group compounds removal from the wastewater of an Arctic iron ore enterprise using various sorbents: zeolite, sishtof, thermovermiculite. The prospects of using geochemical barriers made of zeolite and vermiculite for the enterprise wastewater treatment are shown. The possibility of using spent vermiculite enriched with nitrogen as a prolonged action fertilizer as part of remediation measures was proposed.
On the calculation of the average annual flow of the Prokhladnaya River
Authors: Akhmedova N R , Naumov V A , Wall E V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to develop measures for the rational use and protection of water resources, information on the characteristics of water bodies is needed. The flow of water in the river is the most important hydrological characteristic, which is used in various calculations. In practice activities, the determination of the calculated hydrological characteristics is carried out quite often in conditions of insufficient data from hydrometric observations or in their complete absence. This article presents the results of restoring a number of average annual discharges of the Prokhladnaya River, the catchment area of which occupies the southwestern part of the Kaliningrad region. The Instruch River was chosen as an analogue river, which meets the requirements set forth in the regulatory documents. The obtained data on the average annual discharges of the Prokhladnaya River are of great importance, since the Prokhladnaya River basin plays an important role in the water management complex of the region.
Accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic by living organisms at the waste dump of a gold processing plant
Authors: Samburova M A , Safonov V A , Rylnikova M V , Radchenko D N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The soil samples were taken from different depths, as well as plant samples and tissue and wool samples of small mammals Talpa europaea to study the ecological situation in the conditions of Novotroitsk tailing dump, the dumping site of Novotroitsk gold-arsenic deposits. For comparison, samples of plants, tissues, and wool of animals from background areas of the Kabanka River and Demarino village were obtained. The greatest interest was to determine the content of arsenic and heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in the samples. All samples from the tailing dump showed multiple exceedances of arsenic and heavy metals. On average, there was 1,286 times more arsenic in the soil than is allowed by health standards. It was noted that the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in plants is uneven and depends on the taxonomic affiliation and part of the plant, but exceeding the background levels were found in all samples. In animals, the highest concentrations of arsenic were found in wool; body organs – liver, exceeding the background values 181.3-273.9. There was also a noticeable accumulation of lead and copper in the liver. Thus, the ecology of the tailing dump area is in a depressed state, and comprehensive reclamation measures are needed.
Ecological problems of microbial contamination of packaging materials
Authors: Lykov I N , Loboda N B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Modern packaging can be defined as a means of ensuring the safe delivery of a product to the consumer at the lowest overall cost. Packaging materials are designed to protect the product from various environmental factors, including microorganisms. Microbiological studies of packaging materials and packages in Russia are sporadic and not systematized. At the same time, abroad, this issue is paid close attention, which is associated not only with environmental issues, but also with the desire to take a more advanced position in the consumer market. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to assess the role of packaging materials in the cross microbiological contamination of packaged products. We investigated different types of packaging and packaging materials. It was found that they were mainly contaminated by mold fungi, of which 70% were Aspergillus and 30% Penicillium. Of these, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus amstelodami, Penicillium brevicompactum were most often present. The contamination level ranged from 1.1×103 to 1.6×105 CFU/sm2. Fresh tomato and cucumber packages contained 29% of mold fungi (Penicillium, Alternaria, Paeolomices, Fusarium) and 71% of Enterobacteriace (Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter cloace, Serratia marcescens). A significant number of bacteria, including Salmonella arizona and Staphylococcus aureus were detected on the surfaces in contact with food products during their production and sale.
Results of derivatographic and ir-spectroscopic investigations of wear-out rubber of car tires after pyrolysis processing
Authors: Juraev Shokhruh , Mukhiddinov Bahodir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of the physicochemical characteristics of a carbon-containing material obtained by pyrolysis of worn tires. The temperature balance in the pyrolysis of car tires in the range of 50-1100 °C was determined by derivatographic analysis. It is proposed to develop composite elastomeric materials based on rubber of grades SKI-3 and SKMS-30, which are filled with carbon-containing material after pyrolysis. A relationship between structural characteristics, the nature of the surface of a carbon-containing material, and rubber macromolecules has been found. The use of the solid phase of pyrolysis as a filler of a carbon-containing material, which can be used in the production of rubber, has been studied.
Application of GIS to improve the efficiency of water management
Authors: Andreev D V , Makarova M E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the use of a geographic information system to improve the efficiency of water management. GIS technology is a modern and quite effective approach, which is fast and convenient, the implementation of which is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the problems that have arisen, and then at solving the problems put forward based on the analysis. That is why it is necessary to pay due attention to the creation of a GIS designed for water tourism, as well as to ensure that potential tourists have access to this system. All this contributes to the emergence of a large influx of travelers in Yakutia.
Digital model of the vegetation digression process under the influence of anthropogenic impact
Authors: Dorrer G A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The problem of mathematical description of the vegetation digression processes is considered including the changes in natural plant complexes under the influence of their intensive use by humans. The requirements for digital models of the digression process and the problems arising from this are formulated. A mathematical model of pasture digression which is characteristic of both reindeer herding and cattle breeding in the southern desert regions has been proposed and studied. A GIS-based system has been implemented for digital modeling of pasture digression processes, which can serve as a basis for the corresponding cyber-physical system.
On the development of satellite geodetic networks using mobile monitoring and control stations
Authors: Kovalev I V , Kovalev D I , Kovalev R B , Podoplelova V A , Borovinsky D A , Popov A M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article gives an overview of the structural elements of geodetic networks of various types. For satellite geodetic networks, a promising method of using mobile monitoring and control stations is considered. This method provides an increase in the reliability and stability of the orbital constellation, however, when implementing it, it is necessary to pay special attention to the issue of geodetic referencing of the antennas of mobile monitoring and control stations. The problem of geodetic support for the phased deployment of the GLONASS satellite radio navigation system is described. It is shown that the developed methods of geodetic work on the binding of trajectory tracking stations of artificial Earth satellites provide the necessary accuracy, but can be improved in the process of experimental work.