bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-harm and suicidal content online, harmful or helpful? A systematic review of the recent evidence
Authors: Brennan Cathy , Saraiva Sonia , Mitchell Elizabeth , Melia Richard , Campbell Lydia , King Natalie , House Allan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
There are calls for greater regulation of online content related to self-harm and suicide, particularly that which is user-generated. However, the online space is a source of support and advice, including an important sharing of experiences. This study aims to explore what it is about such online content, and how people interact with it, that may confer harm or offer benefit.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors undertook a systematic review of the published evidence, using customised searches up to February 2021 in seven databases. The authors included empirical research on the internet or online use and self-harm or suicide content that had been indexed since 2015. The authors undertook a theoretically driven narrative synthesis.

Findings
From 4,493 unique records, 87 met our inclusion criteria. The literature is rapidly expanding and not all the evidence is high quality, with very few longitudinal or intervention studies so little evidence to understand possible causal links. Very little content online is classifiable as explicitly harmful or definitively helpful, with responses varying by the individual and immediate context. The authors present a framework that seeks to represent the interplay in online use between the person, the medium, the content and the outcome.

Originality/value
This review highlights that content should not be considered separately to the person accessing it, so online safety means thinking about all users. Blanket removal or unthinking regulation may be more harmful than helpful. A focus on safe browsing is important and tools that limit time and diversify content would support this.
Impact assessment of country risk on logistics performance using a Bayesian Belief Network model
Authors: Qazi Abroon , Simsekler Mecit Can Emre , Formaneck Steven 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the impact of different drivers of country risk, including business environment, corruption, economic, environmental, financial, health and safety and political risks, on the country-level logistics performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes three datasets published by reputed international organizations, including the World Bank Group, AM Best and Global Risk Profile, to explore interactions among country risk drivers and the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) in a network setting. The LPI, published by the World Bank Group, is a composite measure of the country-level logistics performance. Using the three datasets, a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model is developed to investigate the relative importance of country risk drivers that influence logistics performance.FindingsThe results indicate a moderate to a strong correlation among individual risks and between individual risks and the LPI score. The financial risk significantly varies relative to the extreme states of the LPI score, whereas corruption risk and political risk are the most critical factors influencing the LPI score relative to their resilience and vulnerability potential, respectively.Originality/valueThis study has made two unique contributions to the literature on logistics performance assessment. First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to establish associations between country risk drivers and country-level logistics performance in a probabilistic network setting. Second, a new BBN-based process has been proposed for logistics performance assessment and operationalized to help researchers and practitioners establish the relative importance of risk drivers influencing logistics performance. The key feature of the proposed process is adapting the BBN methodology to logistics performance assessment through the lens of risk analysis.
Suppression of glycerol biosynthesis‐related genes decreases the effect of rapid cold hardening inHelicoverpa assulta
Authors: Cha Wook Hyun , Lee Dae‐Weon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInsects acquire cold hardiness for survival during the winter by increasing cryoprotectants concentration such as glycerol and trehalose after induction of rapid cold hardening (RCH). The oriental tobacco budworm,Helicoverpa assulta, is a freeze‐tolerant species which increases glycerol level in the hemolymph after RCH induction. In this study, we identified two glycerol biosynthesis‐related genes, glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (Has‐GPDH) and glycerol kinase (Has‐GK) in the fat body ofH. assultalarvae. Has‐GPDH harbored a conserved NAD+‐dependent glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase signature sequence, and Has‐GK harbored two conserved FGGY carbohydrate kinase signature sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed both Has‐GPDH and Has‐GK were relatively close to those ofHelicoverpa armigera. The expression levels of Has‐GPDH and Has‐GK were increased after RCH induction at 4°C for 6 h. After suppression of Has‐GPDH and Has‐GK by RNA interference, the survival rate ofH. assultaat −10°C was much lower than the control after RCH induction. These results suggest that glycerol biosynthesized by Has‐GPDH and Has‐GK plays a crucial role in RCH‐induced cold tolerance inH. assulta.
Initiation and Development of the Late Cenozoic Uplift of Daluo Mountains, Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: KOU Linlin , DONG Xiaopeng , LI Zhenhong , CUI Jiawei , MA Zhaoying , LI Hailong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDaluo Mountains lie at front of the arcuate tectonic belt at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, and are the landform boundary zone between the active Tibetan Plateau and the stable North China Craton. Studying of the late Cenozoic uplift evolution of Daluo Mountains is important for understanding the expansion mechanism of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its influence on the western North China Craton. In this study, the late Cenozoic uplift of Daluo Mountains is constructed from the development of the late Cenozoic alluvial fan around Daluo Mountains. The entire sedimentary sequence and framework of the fan was revealed by the newly obtained drilling core data. The cosmogenic nuclide, optically stimulated luminescence, and detrital zircon U‐Pb dating results provide new evidences for discussion about the initial timing of the late Cenozoic uplift of Daluo Mountains and the key stages of uplift during the Pleistocene. The late Cenozoic alluvial fan at front of Daluo Mountains overlies a set of fluvial‐facies strata; therefore, development of the alluvial‐fan marks the start of late Cenozoic uplift of Daluo Mountains. The timing of this event can be constrained to ∼4.64 Ma. Two extensive gravel layers (dated to ca. 0.76–0.6 Ma and ∼0.05 Ma) developed during the Pleistocene, indicating two episodes of considerable uplift. This study provides a new time scale for the uplift and expansion of the arcuate tectonic belt at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.
Measurements of Sulfur Isotope Composition on Ultrasmall (80 Nanomole) Sulfide and Sulfate Samples by a Modified EA‐IRMS
Authors: WU Xiaopei , FAN Changfu , HU Bin , GAO Jianfei , LI Yanhe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe traditional method for sulfur isotope measurement using EA‐IRMS commonly requires sulfur content greater than 2 μmol. Such a large sample size limits its application to low‐S materials, the size mainly being due to ineffective utilization of sample gas, almost 99.7% of which is discarded with carrier gas through the split port of the continuous‐flow interface. A modified EA‐IRMS system with a gas chromatographic (GC) column and a custom‐built cryogenic concentration device is used in this study. We measured six reference materials to test the performance of this method. The results were consistent with those obtained through traditional EA‐IRMS. Precisions ranging from ±0.24‰ to ±0.76‰ (1σ) can be obtained with samples equivalent to ∼80 nmol sulfur, which were similar to results obtained from an alternative method using an absorption column. Our improved method is a powerful tool for sulfur isotope measurement in ultrasmall sulfide and sulfate samples, which can be further applied to carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotope analyses of samples at about 100 nmol level.
Establishment, persistence and the importance of longitudinal monitoring in multi‐source reintroductions
Authors: Brockett B. , Banks S. , Neaves L. E. , Gordon I. J. , Pierson J. C. , Manning A. D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncorporating genetic data into conservation programmes improves management outcomes, but the impact of different sample grouping methods on genetic diversity analyses is poorly understood. To this end, the multi‐source reintroduction of the eastern bettong Bettongia gaimardi was used as a long‐term case study to investigate how sampling regimes may affect common genetic metrics and hence management decisions. The dataset comprised 5307 SNPs sequenced across 263 individuals. Samples included 45 founders from five genetically distinct Tasmanian source regions, and 218 of their descendants captured during annual monitoring at Mulligan’s Flat Woodland Sanctuary (121 samples across eight generations) and Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve (97 samples across nine generations). The most management‐informative sampling regime was found to be generational cohorts, providing detailed long‐term trends in genetic diversity. When these generation‐specific trends were not investigated, recent changes in population genetics were masked, and it became apparent that management recommendations would be less appropriate. The results also illuminated the importance of considering establishment and persistence as separate phases of a multi‐source reintroduction. The establishment phase (useful for informing early adaptive management) should consist of no less than two generations and continue until admixture is achieved (admixture defined here as >80% of individuals possessing >60% of source genotypes, with no one source composing >70% of >20% individuals’ genotype) is achieved. This ensures that the persistence phase analyses of population trends remain minimally biased. Based on this case study, we recommend that emphasis be given to the value of generationally specific analyses, and that conservation programmes collect DNA samples throughout the establishment and persistence phases and avoid collecting genetic samples only when the analysis is imminent. We also recommend that population genetic analyses for multi‐source reintroductions consider whether admixture has been achieved when calculating descriptive genetic metrics.
Inflow cannula position as risk factor for stroke in patients with HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Schlöglhofer Thomas , Aigner Philipp , Migas Marcel , Beitzke Dietrich , Dimitrov Kamen , Wittmann Franziska , Riebandt Julia , Granegger Marcus , Wiedemann Dominik , Laufer Günther , Moscato Francesco , Schima Heinrich , Zimpfer Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundA relation between the left ventricular assist device inflow cannula (IC) malposition and pump thrombus has been reported. This study aimed to investigate if the pump position, derived from chest X‐rays in HeartMate 3 (HM3) patients, correlates with neurological dysfunction (ND), ischemic stroke (IS), hemorrhagic stroke (HS) and survival.MethodsThis analysis was performed on routinely acquired X‐rays of 42 patients implanted with a HM3 between 2014 and 2017. Device position was quantified in patients with and without ND from frontal and lateral X‐rays characterizing the IC and pump in relation to spine, diaphragm or horizontal line. The primary end‐point was freedom from stroke and survival one‐year after HM3 implantation stratified by pump position.ResultsThe analysis of X‐rays, 33.5 (41.0) days postoperative, revealed a significant smaller IC angle of HM3 patients with ND versus no ND (0.1° ± 14.0° vs. 12.9° ± 10.1°, p = 0.005). Additionally, the IC angle in the frontal view, IS: 4.1 (20.9)° versus no IS: 13.8 (7.5)°, p = 0.004 was significantly smaller for HM3 patients with IS. Using receiver operating characteristics derived cut‐off, IC angle <10° provided 75% sensitivity and 100% specificity (C‐statistic = 0.85) for predicting IS. Stratified by IC angle, freedom from IS at 12 months was 100% (>10°) and 60% (<10°) respectively (p = 0.002). No significant differences were found in any end‐point between patients with and without HS. One‐year survival was significantly higher in patients with IC angle >10° versus <10° (100% vs. 71.8%, p = 0.012).ConclusionsIC malposition derived from standard chest X‐rays serves as a risk factor for ND, IS and worse survival in HM3 patients.
Inhibiting pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 regresses group 2 pulmonary hypertension induced by supra‐coronary aortic banding
Authors: Xiong Ping Yu , Motamed Mehras , Chen Kuang‐Hueih , Dasgupta Asish , Potus François , Tian Lian , Martin Ashley , Mewburn Jeffrey , Jones Oliver , Thébaud Arthur , Archer Stephen L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionGroup 2 pulmonary hypertension (PH) has no approved PH‐targeted therapy. Metabolic remodelling, specifically a biventricular increase in pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) isozyme 2 to 1 ratio, occurs in rats with group 2 PH induced by supra‐coronary aortic banding (SAB). We hypothesize that increased PKM2/PKM1 is maladaptive and inhibiting PKM2 would improve right ventricular (RV) function.MethodsMale, Sprague‐Dawley SAB rats were confirmed to have PH by echocardiography and then randomized to treatment with a PKM2 inhibitor (intraperitoneal shikonin, 2 mg/kg/day) versus 5% DMSO (n = 5/group) or small interfering RNA‐targeting PKM2 (siPKM2) versus siRNA controls (n = 7/group) by airway nebulization.ResultsShikonin‐treated SAB rats had milder PH (PAAT 32.1 ± 1.3 vs 22.1 ± 1.2 ms, P = .0009) and lower RV systolic pressure (RVSP) (31.5 ± 0.9 vs 55.7 ± 1.9 mm Hg, P < .0001) versus DMSO‐SAB rats. siPKM2 nebulization reduced PKM2 expression in the RV, increased PAAT (31.7 ± 0.7 vs 28.0 ± 1.3 ms, P = .025), lowered RVSP (30.6 ± 2.6 vs 42.0 ± 4.0 mm Hg, P = .032) and reduced diastolic RVFW thickness (0.69 ± 0.04 vs 0.85 ± 0.06 mm, P = .046). Both shikonin and siPKM2 regressed PH‐induced medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.ConclusionIncreases in PKM2/PKM1 in the RV contribute to RV dysfunction in group 2 PH. Chemical or molecular inhibition of PKM2 restores the normal PKM2/PKM1 ratio, reduces PH, RVSP and RVH and regresses adverse PA remodelling. PKM2 merits consideration as a therapeutic cardiac target for group 2 PH.
Long‐term prognosis of patients with metabolic (dysfunction)‐associated fatty liver disease by non‐invasive methods
Authors: Decraecker Marie , Dutartre Dan , Hiriart Jean‐Baptiste , Irles‐Depé Marie , Chermak Faiza , Foucher Juliette , de Lédinghen Victor 
Published: January 2022

SummaryBackgroundNon‐invasive assessment of fibrosis is predictive of the prognosis of non‐alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease but this has not been demonstrated in metabolic (dysfunction)‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).AimsWe assessed the prognosis of non‐invasive methods in patients with MAFLD.MethodsAll consecutive patients with MAFLD, with liver stiffness measurements, FIB‐4 (Fibrosis‐4), and LIVERFASt were included in this cohort study. The primary endpoint was analysed by the Kaplan‐Meier method and secondary endpoints were estimated by Gray test or logistic regression. Factors independently associated with overall mortality and morbidity were identified by a multivariate Cox model. The prognostic performance of non‐invasive methods for prediction of mortality was evaluated by Harrell’s C‐index and for morbidity by area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 1239 patients with MAFLD were analysed (median age 56 years, male 56.5%, median body mass index 31 kg/m2 and obesity 59%). The median follow‐up was 62 months [42‐91 months] and 73 (5.8%) subjects died. Baseline results of non‐invasive methods were correlated with overall and liver‐related mortalities (P < 0.001), and with all‐cause and liver‐related outcomes (P < 0.001). A predictive model (composed of clinical parameters and liver stiffness measurement, FIB‐4 or LIVERFASt) was an excellent predictor of overall and liver‐related mortalities (C‐index 0.8‐0.9), and a good predictor of overall and liver‐related morbidities (AUC 0.72‐0.74).ConclusionBaseline liver stiffness measurement, FIB‐4 and LIVERFASt can predict global and liver‐related mortality and morbidity in patients with MAFLD and could be prognosis endpoints in clinical trials.
Cognition in older adults with bipolar disorder: An ISBD task force systematic review and meta‐analysis based on a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment
Authors: Montejo Laura , Torrent Carla , Jiménez Esther , Martínez‐Arán Anabel , Blumberg Hilary P. , Burdick Katherine E. , Chen Peijun , Dols Annemieke , Eyler Lisa T. , Forester Brent P. , Gatchel Jennifer R. , Gildengers Ariel , Kessing Lars V. , Miskowiak Kamilla W. , Olagunju Andrew T. , Patrick Regan E. , Schouws Sigfried , Radua Joaquim , Bonnín Caterina del M. , Vieta Eduard ,   International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder (OABD) Task Force
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to characterize the cognitive performance in euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) through a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to obtain a detailed neuropsychological profile.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE/Pubmed, Cochrane, and PsycInfo databases. Original studies assessing cognitive function in OABD (age ≥50 years ) containing, at a minimum, the domains of attention/processing speed, memory, and executive functions were included. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was conducted to summarize differences between patients and matched controls in each cognitive domain. We also conducted meta‐regressions to estimate the impact of clinical and socio‐demographic variables on these differences.ResultsEight articles, providing data for 328 euthymic OABD patients and 302 healthy controls, were included in the meta‐analysis. OABD showed worse performance in comparison with healthy controls, with large significant effect sizes (Hedge's g from −0.77 to −0.89; p < 0.001) in verbal learning and verbal and visual delayed memory. They also displayed statistically significant deficits, with moderate effect size, in processing speed, working memory, immediate memory, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency, psychomotor function, executive functions, attention, inhibition, and recognition (Hedge's g from −0.52 to −0.76; p < 0.001), but not in language and visuoconstruction domains. None of the examined variables were associated with these deficits.ConclusionsCognitive dysfunction is present in OABD, with important deficits in almost all cognitive domains, especially in the memory domain. Our results highlight the importance of including a routine complete neuropsychological assessment in OABD and also considering therapeutic strategies in OABD.
Complement C1q binding protein regulates T cells’ mitochondrial fitness to affect their survival, proliferation, and anti–tumor immune function
Authors: Tian Hui , Wang Gang , Wang Qiping , Zhang Baofu , Jiang Guan , Li Huizhong , Chai Dafei , Fang Lin , Wang Meng , Zheng Junnian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractT cells survival, proliferation, and anti–tumor response are closely linked to their mitochondrial health. Complement C1q binding protein (C1QBP) promotes mitochondrial fitness through regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and morphology. However, whether C1QBP regulates T cell survival, proliferation, and anti–tumor immune function remains unclear. Our data demonstrated that C1QBP knockdown induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential to impair T cell mitochondrial fitness. At the same time, C1QBP insufficiency reduced the recruitment of the anti–apoptotic proteins, including Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL, and repressed caspase‐3 activation and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage, which consequently accelerated the T cell apoptotic process. In contrast, C1QBP knockdown rendered T cells with relatively weaker proliferation due to the inhibition of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. To investigate the exact role of C1QBP in anti–tumor response, C1QBP+/− and C1QBP+/+ mice were given a subcutaneous injection of murine MC38 cells. We found that C1QBP deficiency attenuated T cell tumor infiltration and aggravated tumor‐infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) exhaustion. Moreover, we further clarified the potential function of C1QBP in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy. Our data showed that C1QBP+/− CAR T cells exhibited relatively weaker anti–tumor response than the corresponding C1QBP+/+ CAR T cells. Given that C1QBP knockdown impairs T cells’ anti–apoptotic capacity, proliferation as well as anti–tumor immune function, development of the strategy for potentiation of T cells’ mitochondrial fitness through C1QBP could potentially optimize the efficacy of the related immunotherapy.
Research on the child healthcare system in China from the perspective of equal health benefits: Beijing as the case study
Authors: Zhuang Qi , Peng Yunzhi , Zhou Jieyu , Coyte Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith government's proposal of the Healthy China Strategy, universal health has become the focus of increasing attention in China. As a special group, children's health is the basis and start of the national health. The construction of children's healthcare system should be given the priority. This study applied the concept of health equal benefits and conducted a systematic and in‐depth theoretical and empirical research on the children's healthcare system in Beijing, aiming at proposing relevant countermeasures and suggestions such as constructing the path of children's health care system in China.MethodsThis study adopted the way of questionnaire on children's basic information, health status, health service demand, insured situation and system satisfaction and then analysed the children's health, healthcare, satisfaction influence factors and their healthcare needs based on a survey in Beijing China. Methods such as descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and logistic regression are adopted to analyse the correlation between factors affecting children's health.ResultsThe findings show that overall health of the children in Beijing was better. However, there are still problems such as insufficient resource coverage and incorrect cognition in some groups. Their mental health and support need to be put emphasis on. The popularization of medical insurance policies for urban and rural residents in Beijing needs to be further improved. The burden of seeing a doctor is slightly lower than before, and the contribution to protecting children's health is not strong enough.ConclusionsThrough the survey of children in Beijing, it can be seen that there are still some problems existing in the healthcare system of children in China from the perspective of equal benefit. This study draws policy attention to the issues of financing, service contents, targets, service level and the degree of social recognition.