bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Models of Blood and Lymphatic Vessels—Connecting Tissues and Immunity
Authors: Bogseth Amanda , Ramirez Ann , Vaughan Erik , Maisel Katharina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBlood and lymphatic vessels are regulators of physiological processes, including oxygenation and fluid transport. Both vessels are ubiquitous throughout the body and are critical for sustaining tissue homeostasis. The complexity of each vessel's processes has limited the understanding of exactly how the vessels maintain their functions. Both vessels have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer metastasis, and it is crucial to probe further specific mechanisms involved. In vitro models are developed to better understand blood and lymphatic physiological functions and their mechanisms. In this review, blood and lymphatic in vitro model systems, including 2D and 3D designs made using Transwells, microfluidic devices, organoid cultures, and various other methods, are described. Models studying endothelial cell‐extracellular matrix interactions, endothelial barrier properties, transendothelial transport and cell migration, lymph/angiogenesis, vascular inflammation, and endothelial‐cancer cell interactions are particularly focused. While the field has made significant progress in modeling and understanding lymphatic and blood vasculature, more models that include coculture of multiple cell types, complex extracellular matrix, and 3D morphologies, particularly for models mimicking disease states, will help further the understanding of the role of blood and lymphatic vasculature in health and disease.
Nutshell Powder‐Based Green Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Wind Energy Harvesting
Authors: Zhang Ruijuan , Xia Ruihuan , Cao Xia , Wang Ning 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs an agricultural waste, peanut shell powder (PSP) is rich in cellulose and lignin, but its traditional treatment not only has additional disposal costs, but also causes environmental pollution. Here, a low‐cost and environment‐friendly triboelectric nanogenerator based on PSP (PSP‐TENG) is designed for efficient wind energy harvesting. PSP film is used as the tribo‐positive layer, with high surface charge density. The maximum output power density of the PSP‐TENG reaches 365 mW m–2 with a short‐circuit current of 39.4 µA and an open‐circuit voltage of 248.9 V. About 228 commercial LEDs can be lighted up by the wind‐driven PSP‐TENG, which can also be used as a sensor to measure the wind speed. By integrating with capacitor, PSP‐TENG can provide continuous and stable power supply for electronic devices, such as hygrometers, calculators, and stopwatches. Besides, an efficient self‐powered cathodic protection system based on PSP‐TENG is designed for anti‐corrosion for marine pipelines and ships. This work provides a simple and environment‐friendly “waste‐to‐energy technology,” which has a huge application prospect in agricultural waste treatment, new energy, and self‐powered system.
Three‐Component Synthesis of Benzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones with Tetrasubstituted Carbon Stereocenters via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H/C−C Bond Activation and Cascade Annulation
Authors: Jiang Jinyuan , Liu Jidan , Yang Zhenke , Zheng Liyao , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn one‐pot three‐component synthesis of benzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones with tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters from salicylaldehydes, cyclopropanols, and alkyl alcohols via Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H/C−C bond activation and cascade annulation has been successfully developed.magnified image
Synthesis of 2,4,6‐Trisubstituted Pyrimidines via Iron‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketoximes
Authors: Xu Gaochen , Wang Xuemei , Jia Chenglong , Yan Huan , Zhang Sai , Wu Qinghuan , Zhu Ning , Fang Zheng , Duan Jindian , Guo Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA FeCl2‐catalyzed homocoupling of α,β‐unsaturated ketoximes in batch and flow is reported. This protocol demonstrates broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, providing an alternate route toward the synthesis of 2,4,6‐trisubstituted pyrimidines under mild conditions. Also a gram‐scale reaction has been performed to evaluate the applicability of this method.magnified image
Microglia Regulate Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity via MiR‐126a‐5p/MMP9 Axis during Inflammatory Demyelination
Authors: Yu Zhongwang , Fang Xue , Liu Weili , Sun Rui , Zhou Jintao , Pu Yingyan , Zhao Ming , Sun Dingya , Xiang Zhenghua , Liu Peng , Ding Yuqiang , Cao Li , He Cheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBlood–brain barrier (BBB) impairment is an early prevalent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), and remains vital for MS progression. Microglial activation precedes BBB disruption and cellular infiltrates in the brain of MS patients. However, little is known about the function of microglia in BBB impairment. Here, microglia acts as an important modulator of BBB integrity in inflammatory demyelination. Microglial depletion profoundly ameliorates BBB impairment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Specifically, miR‐126a‐5p in microglia is positively correlated with BBB integrity in four types of MS plaques. Mechanistically, microglial deletion of miR‐126a‐5p exacerbates BBB leakage and EAE severity. The protective effect of miR‐126a‐5p is mimicked and restored by specific inhibition of MMP9 in microglia. Importantly, Auranofin, an FDA‐approved drug, is identified to protect BBB integrity and mitigate EAE progression via a microglial miR‐126a‐5p dependent mechanism. Taken together, microglia can be manipulated to protect BBB integrity and ameliorate inflammatory demyelination. Targeting microglia to regulate BBB permeability merits consideration in therapeutic interventions in MS.
High‐Frequency Operation of Vertical Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Höppner Marco , Kheradmand‐Boroujeni Bahman , Vahland Jörn , Sawatzki Michael Franz , Kneppe David , Ellinger Frank , Kleemann Hans 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe high‐frequency and low‐voltage operation of organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) is a key requirement for the commercial success of flexible electronics. Significant progress has been achieved in this regard by several research groups highlighting the potential of OTFTs to operate at several tens or even above 100 MHz. However, technology maturity, including scalability, integrability, and device reliability, is another crucial point for the semiconductor industry to bring OTFT‐based flexible electronics into mass production. These requirements are often not met by high‐frequency OTFTs reported in the literature as unconventional processes, such as shadow‐mask patterning or alignment with unrealistic tolerances for production, are used. Here, ultra‐short channel vertical organic field‐effect transistors (VOFETs) with a unity current gain cut‐off frequency (fT) up to 43.2 MHz (or 4.4 MHz V−1) operating below 10 V are shown. Using state‐of‐the‐art manufacturing techniques such as photolithography with reliable fabrication procedures, the integration of such devices down to the size of only 12 × 6 µm2 is shown, which is important for the adaption of this technology in high‐density circuits (e.g., display driving). The intrinsic channel transconductance is analyzed and demonstrates that the frequencies up to 430 MHz can be reached if the parasitic electrode overlap is minimized.
Al‐Doping Driven Suppression of Capacity and Voltage Fadings in 4d‐Element Containing Li‐Ion‐Battery Cathode Materials: Machine Learning and Density Functional Theory
Authors: Ha Miran , Hajibabaei Amir , Kim Dong Yeon , Singh Aditya Narayan , Yun Jeonghun , Myung Chang Woo , Kim Kwang S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe anion redox reaction in high‐energy‐density cathode materials such as Li‐excess layered oxides suffers from voltage/capacity fadings due to irreversible structural instability. Here, exploiting density functional theory (DFT) as well as fast simulations using the universal potential/forces generated from the newly developed sparse Gaussian process regression (SGPR) machine learning (ML) method, the very complicated/complex structures, X‐ray absorption near‐edge‐structure (XANES) spectra, redox phenomena, and Li diffusion of these battery materials depending on charging/discharging processes is investigated. It is found that voltage/capacity fadings are strongly suppressed in 4d‐element‐containing cathodes by Al‐doping. The suppressed fadings are discussed in view of the structural and electronic changes depending on charged/discharged states which are reflected in their extended X‐ray absorption fine structure and XANES spectra. According to crystal orbital Hamilton populations (COHP) and Bader charge analyses of Li1.22Ru0.61Ni0.11Al0.06O2(Al‐LRNO), the Al‐doping helps in forming Ni–Al bonding and hence strengthens the bonding‐orbital characteristics in Al–O bonds. This strengthened Al–O bonding hinders oxygen oxidation and thus enhances structural stability, diminishing safety concerns. The Al‐doping driven suppression of capacity fading and voltage decay is expected to help in designing stable reversible layered cathode materials.
Early onset disease, anarthria, areflexia, and dystonia can be the distinctive features of SPG64, a very rare form of hereditary spastic paraplegias
Authors: Ölmez Akgün , Çetin Gökhan Ozan , Karaer Kadri 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a group of inherited, neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive gait impairment, lower extremity spasticity and increased patellar reflexes. More than 80 types of HSP have been defined to date. In complicated forms, lower limb spasticity and gait impairment is accompanied by an additional neurological finding. Autosomal recessive (AR) HSPs are usually identified in complicated forms and occur more frequently in countries where consanguineous marriage is more widespread. Next generation sequencing techniques, developed in the last decade, have led to the identification of many new types of HSP and reduced the “diagnostic odyssey.” Whole exome sequencing (WES) can diagnose up to 75% of undiagnosed HSP patients. Targeted genetic analysis with good clinical phenotyping gives the best diagnostic yields for rare diseases. Clinical heterogeneity is prominent in AR complicated HSP. However, some clinical features complicating the disease or magnetic resonance imaging findings, including thin corpus callosum or white matter abnormalities, can help to distinguish some types. AR spastic paraplegia type 64 (SPG64) is a very rare HSP, caused by a mutation in the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1) gene, first described in 2014. To date only nine patients from five families have been reported. We present two siblings with a novel pathogenic variant in ENTPD1, diagnosed by WES, as the sixth published family. We propose that early onset in childhood, cognitive impairment, dysarthria/anarthria, dystonia and areflexia may be the distinctive features of SPG64 and more clinical evidence from families with pathogenic ENTPD1 variants is warranted.
Visible Light Promoted Metal‐Free Sustainable Reduction of α‐Alkylidene Oxindoles/Succinimides
Authors: Bhowmick Anindita , Warghude Prakash K. , Bhat Ramakrishna G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVisible light promoted chemoselective metal free hydrogenation of activated double bond has been achieved via photoredox catalysis. Eosin Y has proved to be an efficient catalyst for the effective reduction of C−C double bonds of alkylidene oxindoles and succinimides under visible light. Commercially viable DIPEA has been employed as a sacrificial electron donor and it's in‐situ generated cationic radical acts as reductant in this transformation. The method proved to be practical as a broad range of substrates containing activated double bond were easily reduced. The method proved to be scalable on a gram quantity and the reduced product has been utilized successfully for the further synthetic application. The systematic and detailed mechanistic studies reveal the oxidative quenching of the photocatalyst by the activated double bond.
Toward harmonization of strategies for investigating lucidity in AD/ADRD: A preliminary research framework
Authors: Gilmore‐Bykovskyi Andrea , Griffin Joan M. , Mueller Kimberly D. , Parnia Sam , Kolanowski Ann 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpisodes of lucidity (ELs) in Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease‐related dementias (AD/ADRD), have garnered increasing attention as an important area of research. Efforts to study lucidity suffer from a lack of clear definitional criteria, inconsistent conceptualization, and diverse approaches to operationalizing features of these events. To advance systematic investigation of ELs in AD/ADRD, there is a need for clarity and precision in labeling event attributes, markers, and specific measurement strategies that enable operational harmonization across distinct approaches to investigating the relatively broad and nascent phenomenon. To that end, we propose a preliminary research framework to guide harmonization of approaches to investigating ELs in AD/ADRD. Our goal is to provide an initial schematic that encourages uniform labeling of operational decisions about ELs.
Light‐Activated Membrane Transport in Polymeric Cell‐Mimics
Authors: Cao Shoupeng , da Silva Lucas Caire , Landfester Katharina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGiant polymersomes are versatile and stable biomimetic compartments that are ideal for building cell‐like systems. However, the transport of hydrophilic molecules across the membrane, which controls the function of cell‐like systems, is limited by the low permeability of polymeric bilayers. Therefore, mechanisms to control the permeability of polymersomes are necessary to create functional cell‐like systems. Here, we describe the design of giant polymersomes equipped with spiropyran‐based permeability modulators. Photo‐isomerization of the modulators leads to perturbation of the polymer membrane, resulting in increased permeability. The photoactivated polymersomes were used to construct two cell‐like systems controlled by light‐activated transport of hydrophilic molecules. First, we designed an enzymatic micro‐reactor activated by light irradiation. Second, we constructed a hybrid coacervate‐in‐polymersome system that mimics the adaptive formation of biological condensates in cells.
SuFEx‐Enabled Elastic Polysulfates for Efficient Removal of Radioactive Iodomethane and Polar Aprotic Organics through Weak Intermolecular Forces
Authors: Wan Haibo , Xu Qingfeng , Wu Jiacheng , Lian Cheng , Liu Honglai , Zhang Bing , He Jinghui , Chen Dongyun , Lu Jianmei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCapturing radioactive iodomethane and its vapors is a major challenge due to its low adsorption capacity. Herein, we have developed for the first time a pyridine‐entrapped elastic crosslinked polysulfate gel (pyridine/TPC‐cPS) as an efficient absorbent for iodomethane capture. Each pyridine‐encased TPC‐cPS network cell acts as a mini‐reactor for salt formation between pyridine and iodomethane. The yield reaches up to 96.65 % and traps saturated iodomethane vapor of 1.573 g gpyridine/TPC‐cPS−1 (equivalent to 18.103 g gTPC‐cPS−1), which is the highest capacity reported to date. Both experiments and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the unusual adsorption of polysulfate for polar aprotic organics can be attributed to the fact that the electrostatic interactions between the polar group (O=S=O) in the polymer backbone and the polar groups in the organic molecules fixed the solvent in the polymer matrix, while the van der Waals forces between the nonpolar groups in the polymer and molecules induced swelling.
Spin‐Crossover Tuned Rotation of Pyrazolyl Rings in a 2D Iron(II) Complex towards Synergetic Magnetic and Dielectric Transitions
Authors: Wen Wen , Liu Qiang , Zhang Shi‐Hui , Yao Nian‐Tao , Oshio Hiroki , Meng Yin‐Shan , Liu Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMaterials showing synergy of magnetic and dielectric transitions are promising candidates for future molecular devices. The challenge is how to realize synergy between spin and dielectric transitions with responses to external stimuli. Herein, we design a 2D spin crossover (SCO) complex, [FeII(dpa)][(pzTp)FeIII(CN)3]2 (1) (dpa=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethyne and pzTp=tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borate). The local structural changes about the FeII ion were propagated to the whole crystal through the rigid bridging ligands (dpa), leading to elastic interactions to realize the abrupt SCO and rotational movements of polar apical pyrazolyl rings in the [(pzTp)FeIII(CN)3]− units. Dielectric measurements confirmed a substantial dielectric change (Δϵ′=2.3) upon the spin transition. This work provides a rational strategy to couple the spin transition and rotation of polar components, which is crucial for the synergetic switch of magnetism and dielectricity.
Flipped anatomy classroom integrating multimodal digital resources shows positive influence upon students' experience and learning performance
Authors: Xiao Junhua , Adnan Sharmeen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnatomy is shifting toward a greater focus on adopting digital delivery. To advance digital and authentic learning in anatomy, a flipped classroom model integrating multimodal digital resources and a multimedia group assignment was designed and implemented for first‐year neuroanatomy and third‐year regional anatomy curricula. A five‐point Likert scale learning and teaching survey was conducted for a total of 145 undergraduate health science students to evaluate students' perception of the flipped classroom model and digital resources. This study revealed that over two‐thirds of participants strongly agreed or agreed that the flipped classroom model helped their independent learning and understanding of difficult anatomy concepts. The response showed students consistently enjoyed their experience of using multimodal digital anatomy resources. Both first‐year (75%) and third‐year (88%) students strongly agreed or agreed that digital tools are very valuable and interactive for studying anatomy. Most students strongly agreed or agreed that digital anatomy tools increased their learning experience (~80%) and confidence (> 70%). The third‐year students rated the value of digital anatomy tools significantly higher than the first‐year students (p = 0.0038). A taxonomy‐based assessment strategy revealed that the third‐year students, but not the first‐year, demonstrated improved performance in assessments relating to clinical application (p = 0.045). In summary, a flipped anatomy classroom integrating multimodal digital approaches exerted positive impact upon learning experience of both junior and senior students, the latter of whom demonstrated improved learning performance. This study extends the pedagogy innovation of flipped classroom teaching, which will advance future anatomy curriculum development, pertinent to post‐pandemic education.
Mechanisms and Strategies for Determining m6A RNA Modification Sites by Natural and Engineered m6A Effector Proteins
Authors: Imanishi Miki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractN6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal RNA modification in the consensus sequence of 5′‐RRACH‐3′. The methyl mark is added by writer proteins (METTL3/METTL14 metyltransferase complex) and removed by eraser proteins (m6A demethylases; FTO and ALKBH5). Recognition of this methyl mark by m6A reader proteins leads to changes in RNA metabolism. How the writer and eraser proteins determine their targets is not well‐understood, despite the importance of this information in understanding the regulatory mechanisms and physiological roles of m6A. However, approaches for targeted manipulation of the methylation state at specific sites are being developed. In this review, I summarize the recent findings on the mechanisms of target identification of m6A regulatory proteins, as well as recent approaches for targeted m6A modifications.
Luminescent Lanthanide Probes for Inorganic and Organic Phosphates
Authors: Martinon Thibaut L. M. , Pierre Valérie C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInorganic and organic phosphates‐including orthophosphate, nucleotides, and DNA‐are some of the most fundamental anions in cellular biology, regulating numerous processes of both medical and environmental significance. The characteristic long lifetimes of emitting lanthanides, including the brighter europium(III) and terbium(III), make them ideally suited for the development of molecular probes for the detection of phosphates directly in complex aqueous media. Moreover, given their high oxophilicity and the exquisite sensitivity of their quantum yields to their hydration number, those luminescent lanthanides are perfect for the detection of phosphates. Herein we discuss the principles that have guided the recent developments of molecular probes selective for inorganic or organic phosphates and how these lanthanide complexes facilitate the study of numerous biological processes.
Control allocation technology based on fault diagnosis for the unmanned aerial vehicle system subject to physical constraints and fault reconfiguration mismatch
Authors: Wang Zailin , Yao Lina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe problem of the system robustness subject to physical constraints and mismatched fault reconstruction is discussed in this paper. In order to facilitate the design, a four‐rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system model was selected for research. First, the control allocation model of the nonlinear UAV system with disturbances is shown in the paper. Secondly, a weighted pseudo‐inverse method based on adaptive weights is proposed, which reduces the impact of physical constraints on the system. After that, a dynamic weight control allocation method based on the fault efficiency matrix is designed. The weight matrix can dynamically adjust the control distribution law according to the fault estimation value provided by the observer. Then, a dynamic adaptive control allocation method for faults and physical constraints is carried out by combining adaptive weights and dynamic weights. Finally, a simulation example is presented to further illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper.
A sequential test for assessing the effectiveness of response strategies during an emerging epidemic
Authors: Lam K.F. , Qu Yuanke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn epidemiology, the fatality rate is an important indicator of disease severity and has been used to evaluate the effects of new treatments. During an emerging epidemic with limited resources, monitoring the changes in fatality rate can also provide signals on the evaluation of government policies and healthcare quality, which helps to guide public health decision. A statistical test is developed in this paper to detect changes in fatality rate over time during the course of an emerging infectious disease. A major advantage of the proposed test is that it only requires the regularly reported numbers of deaths and recoveries, which meets the actual need as detailed surveillance data are hard to collect during the course of an emerging epidemic especially the deadly infectious diseases with large magnitude. In addition, with the sequential testing procedure, the effective measures can be detected at the earliest possible time to provide guidance to policymakers for swift action. Simulation studies showed that the proposed test performs well and is sensitive in picking up changes in the fatality rate. The test is applied to the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone for illustration.