bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contained rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: Is it just a matter of luck?
Authors: Vigano Giorgio , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Pollack Daniël K. M. , Mariani Massimo A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Contained rupture of the ascending aorta is a rare condition, but the severity of this complication enforces strict guidelines for its prevention and a prompt diagnosis, once already occurred.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes, longstanding aortic valve stenosis and aortic root aneurysm of 47 mm was hospital admitted for elective surgery. A Bentall-De Bono procedure was performed in order to replace the stenotic bicuspid aortic valve and exclude the dilated portion of the aortic wall. Intraoperatively, a discontinuity of the aortic wall, just above the aortic annulus, at the non-coronary sinus of Valsalva was incidentally observed. The aortic wall discontinuity was none other than a contained aortic rupture. The preoperative CT-scan images were afterwards analyzed by the radiologist, in order to identify the contained aortic rupture. Indeed a false aneurysm of the non-coronary sinus of Valsalva of a maximum diameter of 15 mm was detected, thanks to a 3D reconstruction.

Conclusions
The diagnosis of contained aortic rupture is certainly demanding, particularly in absence of signs or symptoms of rupture in a chamber of the heart or in the pericardium. Although this case represents a consensus of experts’ opinion, the recognition of these specific cases in which the risk of dissection, rupture or death is at its highest, would allow to operate at the appropriate time, improving the outcomes.
Surgical treatment of costal cartilage fractures with titanium plate internal fixation
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Yonghong , Yang Yi , Wu Weiming , Guo Xiang , Zhao Tiancheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aim to evaluate surgical procedures for titanium plate internal fixation of costal cartilage fractures with displacement or nonunion.

Methods
From January 2019 to October 2020, 13 patients with costal cartilage fractures were treated with titanium plate internal fixation in the thoracic surgery department of the Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital. Pain severity scale scores and respiratory function were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. All the patients had a 6-month follow-up for treatment evaluation.

Results
The mean hospital length of stay was 10.7 days. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between preoperative and postoperative pain severity scores (7.69 vs. 5.00). VC (24.6% vs. 44.5%) and FEV1 (25.3% vs. 44.0%) were also significantly different before operation and after operation (P < 0.05). At follow-up, healing of the nonunion or fracture was confirmed in all the cases.

Conclusion
The rigid titanium plate application ensured a safe and easy management of costal cartilage fractures and nonunion with a good prognosis as compared with other methods.
Cellular stress signaling and the unfolded protein response in retinal degeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Authors: McLaughlin Todd , Medina Andy , Perkins Jacob , Yera Maria , Wang Joshua J. , Zhang Sarah X. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The retina, as part of the central nervous system (CNS) with limited capacity for self-reparation and regeneration in mammals, is under cumulative environmental stress due to high-energy demands and rapid protein turnover. These stressors disrupt the cellular protein and metabolic homeostasis, which, if not alleviated, can lead to dysfunction and cell death of retinal neurons. One primary cellular stress response is the highly conserved unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR acts through three main signaling pathways in an attempt to restore the protein homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by various means, including but not limited to, reducing protein translation, increasing protein-folding capacity, and promoting misfolded protein degradation. Moreover, recent work has identified a novel function of the UPR in regulation of cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function, disturbance of which contributes to neuronal degeneration and dysfunction. The role of the UPR in retinal neurons during aging and under disease conditions in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been explored over the past two decades. Each of the disease conditions and their corresponding animal models provide distinct challenges and unique opportunities to gain a better understanding of the role of the UPR in the maintenance of retinal health and function.

Method
We performed an extensive literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar using the following keywords: unfolded protein response, metabolism, ER stress, retinal degeneration, aging, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy.

Results and conclusion
We summarize recent advances in understanding cellular stress response, in particular the UPR, in retinal diseases, highlighting the potential roles of UPR pathways in regulation of cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function in retinal neurons. Further, we provide perspective on the promise and challenges for targeting the UPR pathways as a new therapeutic approach in age- and disease-related retinal degeneration.
HPV types 16/18 L1 E6 and E7 proteins seropositivity and cervical cancer risk in HIV-positive and HIV-negative black South African women
Authors: Singini Mwiza Gideon , Singh Elvira , Bradshaw Debbie , Chen Wenlong Carl , Motlhale Melitah , Kamiza Abram Bunya , de Villiers Chantal Babb , Muchengeti Mazvita , Mathew Christopher G. , Newton Robert , Bender Noemi , Waterboer Tim , Sitas Freddy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In populations with high rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfection, the nature of the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and -18 (L1, E6 and E7) antibodies and cervical cancer is still uncertain. We measured the association between seropositivity to HPV (L1, E6 and E7) proteins and cervical cancer among black South African women with and without HIV co-infection.

Methods
We used questionnaire data and serum collected from consecutively recruited patients with a newly diagnosed cancer from the Johannesburg Cancer Study from 1346 cervical cancer cases and 2532 controls (diagnosed with other non-infection related cancers). Seropositivity to HPV proteins was measured using a multiplex serological assay based on recombinant glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins. We measured associations between their presence and cervical cancer using unconditional logistic regression models and evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of these HPV biomarkers.

Results
Among controls, HIV-negative women from rural areas compared to urban had significantly higher HPV seroprevalence, HPV16 E7 (8.6% vs 3.7%) and HPV18 E7 (7.9% vs 2.0%). HPV16 E6 and E7 antibodies were positively associated with cervical cancer in HIV-positive (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 33; 95% CI 10–107) and HIV-negative women (AOR = 97; 95% CI 46–203). In HIV-positive women, HPV E6/E7 antibodies had low sensitivity (43.0%) and high specificity (90.6%) for cervical cancer detection. In HIV-negative women, HPV E6/E7 antibodies sensitivity was 70.6% and specificity was 89.7%.

Conclusions
Our data show that HPV (L1, especially E6 and E7) antibody positivity is associated with cervical cancer in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. Nonetheless, being HIV-positive plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer.
Species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato complex causing human cystic echinococcosis in Europe (2000–2021): a systematic review
Authors: Casulli Adriano , Massolo Alessandro , Saarma Urmas , Umhang Gérald , Santolamazza Federica , Santoro Azzurra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to fill a gap of knowledge by providing a quantitative measure of molecularly identified species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosussensu lato (s.l.) causing human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Europe during the period 2000–2021. As these species and genotypes are characterized by genetic, animal host and geographical differences, studying the E. granulosuss.l. complex is epidemiologically relevant.

Methods
A systematic review (SR) was conducted on the basis of both scientific and grey literature considering primary studies between 2000 and 2021 in four databases. From a total of 1643 scientific papers, 51 records were included in the SR. The main inclusion criterion for this study was the molecular confirmation of E. granulosuss.l. at the genotype/species level as a causative agent of human CE cases in selected European countries.

Results
Relevant data were obtained from 29 out of 39 eligible European countries. This SR identified 599 human molecularly confirmed echinococcal cysts: 460 (76.8%) identified as E. granulosussensu stricto (s.s.), 130 (21.7%) as E. canadensis cluster (G6/7 and G10), 7 (1.2%) as E. ortleppi (G5), and 2 as E. vogeli (0.3%). Three geographical hotspots of human CE caused by different species of the E. granulosuss.l. complex were identified: (1) E. granulosuss.s. in Southern and South-eastern Europe (European-Mediterranean and Balkan countries); (2) E. canadensis (G6/7) in Central and Eastern Europe; (3) E. ortleppi in Central and Western Europe. This SR also identified data gaps that prevented a better definition of the geographical distribution of the Echinococcus granulosuss.l. species complex in Europe: western Balkan countries, part of Central Europe, and Baltic countries.

Conclusions
These results mandate longitudinal, multi-centre, intersectoral and transdisciplinary studies which consider both molecular and clinical epidemiology in animals and humans. Such studies would be valuable for a better understanding of the transmission of the E. granulosuss.l. species complex and their potential clinical impact on humans.

Graphical Abstract
Impending perforation near ileocecal junction due to phytobezoar impaction and intraluminal polyp: a case report
Authors: Mooghal Mehwish , Ahmad Asrar , Safi Adnan , Khan Wajiha , Ahmad Naveed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Bezoars and polyps are an uncommon cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction. There are four different kinds of bezoars: phytobezoars, made of vegetables and fibers; trichobezoars, resulting from the ingestion of hair and frequently an expression of psychiatric disorders; lactobezoars, which are formed of milk curd; and pharmacobezoars, caused by drugs and medications. Signs and symptoms classically vary from abdominal pain to constipation, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension. We present a rare case of impending perforation along with an intraluminal polyp near ileocecal junction due to phytobezoar impaction.

Case presentation
Our patient was a 59-year-old Sindhi female with a known history of interstitial lung disease and hypertension who presented to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and constipation for 1 week, vomiting for 5 days, and abdominal distension for 2 days. After a preoperative examination and her failure to respond to conservative therapy, she was taken to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy. A hard intraluminal mass was suspected to be obstructing the small bowel at the site of impending perforation. This mass was a phytobezoar along with an intraluminal polyp. Resection of the affected segment was performed, followed by ileoileal anastomosis, and a drain was left. The patient was discharged 1 week later and was found to be well with no complaints at 3 weeks follow-up.

Conclusions
Early diagnosis of bezoars is important for early intervention and prevention of complications. Our case is unique as phytobezoar with intraluminal polyp is a rare clinical finding. Moreover, the signs and symptoms with which the patient presented are nonspecific and can be seen with multiple surgical emergencies.
Coverless image steganography using morphed face recognition based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Li Yung-Hui , Chang Ching-Chun , Su Guo-Dong , Yang Kai-Lin , Aslam Muhammad Saqlain , Liu Yanjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, information security has become a prime issue of worldwide concern. To improve the validity and proficiency of the image data hiding approach, a piece of state-of-the-art secret information hiding transmission scheme based on morphed face recognition is proposed. In our proposed data hiding approach, a group of morphed face images is produced from an arranged small-scale face image dataset. Then, a morphed face image which is encoded with a secret message is sent to the receiver. The receiver uses powerful and robust deep learning models to recover the secret message by recognizing the parents of the morphed face images. Furthermore, we design two novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures (e.g. MFR-Net V1 and MFR-Net V2) to perform morphed face recognition and achieved the highest accuracy compared with existing networks. Additionally, the experimental results show that the proposed schema has higher retrieval capacity and accuracy and it provides better robustness.
Spatiotemporal evolution of tremor activity near the Nankai Trough trench axis inferred from the spatial distribution of seismic amplitudes
Authors: Ogiso Masashi , Tamaribuchi Koji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSlow earthquakes have gained importance due to their proximity to the focal regions of megathrust earthquakes. Among slow earthquakes, tectonic tremors have the highest dominant frequency and are thus best resolved. Here, we estimated the locations of tectonic tremors off the Kii Peninsula, southwestern Japan, from December 2020 through January 2021 using the seismograms of the Dense Oceanfloor Network system for Earthquakes and Tsunamis (DONET). The study area is adjacent to the Nankai Trough, where large megathrust earthquakes are known to occur. We successfully estimated the locations of 3578 tectonic tremor events within an area of $${\sim }\,130$$

∼

130

km in northeast–southwest and $${\sim}\,50$$

∼

50

km in northwest–southeast directions along the trench axis. Tremor activity differed between the northeastern and southwestern areas of the focal region, which were separated by a central region of markedly low activity. During the study period, tremor activity began at the northeastern edge of the focal region, and expanded to the southwest along the trench axis until reaching the central low-activity region. Renewed tremor activity later began at the southwestern edge of the low-activity region and migrated southwest along the trench axis. We also detected two distinct events similar to rapid tremor reversals that migrated to the northeast, the first of which may have been triggered by the combined effects of teleseismic surface waves and Earth’s tides. Such detailed locations of tectonic tremors can be used as a proxy of the stress state in the accretionary prism and/or along the plate boundary in the Nankai Trough.
Graphical Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year among students of the i-Share cohort
Authors: Jean François Arnaud Matthieu , Arsandaux Julie , Montagni Ilaria , Collet Ophélie , Fatséas Mélina , Auriacombe Marc , Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni , Côté Sylvana M. , Tzourio Christophe , Galéra Cédric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCannabis use in university students is associated with academic achievement failure and health issues. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year among students according to previous cannabis use.MethodsStudents in France were recruited from February 2013 to July 2020 in the i-Share cohort. 4,270 participants were included (2,135 who never used cannabis at inclusion and 2,135 who did). The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) was used to assess ADHD symptoms at inclusion. Cannabis use frequency was evaluated 1 year after inclusion. Multinomial regressions were conducted to assess the association between inclusion ADHD symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year.ResultsIncrease in ASRS scores was linked with a greater probability to use cannabis after 1 year and to have a higher cannabis use frequency (once a year—once a month adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.24 (1.15–1.34), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.43 (1.27–1.61)). Among participants who never used cannabis at inclusion, this association disappeared (once a year—once a month adjusted OR: 1.15 (0.95–1.39), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.16 (0.67–2)) but remained in participants who ever used cannabis at inclusion (once a year—once a month adjusted OR: 1.17 (1.06–1.29), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.35 (1.18–1.55)).ConclusionsHigh levels of ADHD symptoms in students could lead to continued cannabis use rather than new initiations.
Ultrabroad perfect absorption of a graphene-covered compound silver grating for mid-infrared multimolecular identification
Authors: Chang Yun-Wei , Yao Jie , Wu Da-Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Identifying several species of molecules simultaneously is highly desirable but needs more study. We propose an ultrabroad PPA in the mid-infrared based on a graphene-covered compound silver grating (G-CSG) to detect several molecules. Different grooves are composed in one unit and the wide absorption band consists of individual magnetic plasmon resonances (MPRs). The graphene layer enhances the overall absorption without affecting MPRs. The genetic algorithm is applied to search for suitable structure parameters to further enhance the absorption. The average absorption from 3.0 to 6.0 μm is 0.96 for the optimized G-CSG, which is nearly insensitive to the incidence angle. Strong coupling between plasmons and molecular vibrations results into dips in the ultrabroad absorption band. Multiple molecules can be identified simultaneously. Our study provides an efficient way to identify several molecular vibrations at one time, which may be useful in optoelectronics and biology detection.
The Corn King of Mexico in the United States: A South-North Technology Transfer
Authors: Reed Jeri L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The activities of Mexican banker and hacendado Zeferino Dominguez in the early twentieth century raise questions about the assumption that Mexico was merely the beneficiary of modern agricultural science developed in the United States. Dominguez was a banker and large landowner who turned his haciendas into private agricultural experiment stations, conducting research on better methods of growing corn, cotton, wheat, and beans with the labor of his peones. He shared his results through lecture tours and published works in Mexico and traveled extensively in the United States, speaking to groups of farmers and agricultural scientists about his methods of dry farming and corn propagation. He exhibited at agricultural fairs and exhibitions, attended Farmers’s Institutes and conferences, and published a manual for use by average American farmers. Like many agricultural reformers in the United States, he addressed the problems of rural poverty and land concentration not with socialism, but with visions of a Mexico filled with small, capitalistic, home-owning farmers producing with scientific methods and business efficiency.
Agrarianism and Child Labor Policy for Agriculture
Authors: Effland Anne B. W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The belief that farm work is good for children is deeply rooted in agrarian ideals, which impute a wholesomeness to farming tied to its economic, social, and moral value to society. Nevertheless, in the context of the changing scale of work, community, and new ideas about childhood and education, Progressive reformers suggested that some farm work was unhealthy for children. To separate the agricultural labor that concerned them from the agrarian consensus, they developed a critique centered on education and industrialized agriculture. Restricting children’s labor to allow school attendance balanced two positives for farm children--education and work. Restricting child labor in industrialized agriculture simply recognized its divergence from the family farm ideal. Reformers succeeded modestly along this dual track by the 1930s. The boundaries of the agrarian framework limited further child labor regulation in agriculture, however--not until 1974 were age and hour restrictions on children’s field work applied across the industry--thirty-five years after similar protections had been provided in other industries, and exemptions continued for children working on family and small farms.
Race, Paternalism, and “California Pastoral”: Rural Rehabilitation and Mexican Labor in Greater Los Angeles
Authors: Lewthwaite Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn Southern California, regional and national myths of agrarian life as pastoral became entwined with paternalistic policy and racialized visions of the Mexican laborer. Re-worked in the context of the New Deal and increasing strike activity across California after 1928, these rural myths and policies shaped plans for the resettlement of Mexican-American workers in self-sustaining villages within Los Angeles County. Under the direction of government officials, reformers, and employers, these plans articulated diverse ideologies and agendas: the New Dealer’s commitment to reform and rehabilitation through planning and paternalism, and the employer’s drive to segregate and racialize labor under a pastoral ideal. Yet the village schemes foundered; weakened by employers’ lack of commitment to worker welfare and fears of rural sedition, by the inconsistencies of the New Deal rehabilitation policy, and by an inability to manipulate the realities of agribusiness. This failure bore testimony to the mythic nature of an agrarian tradition in California.