bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The future of work post Covid-19: key perceived HR implications of hybrid workplaces in India
Authors: Verma Anju , Venkatesan M. , Kumar Mallika , Verma Jyoti 
Published: November 2022

PurposeHuman history observed an arduous time fighting the novel infectious respiratory disease Covid-19 coronavirus, which started in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly across the globe in 2020. Economies and the countries including India around the world experienced dismay with nationwide lockdowns and the fear of the unknowing. The unforeseen circumstances enforced immediate transitions in the organizations' work environment through remote working, digital infrastructure, online collaborations and new ways of interaction. The pandemic altered the workplace trajectories in lasting ways as the employees settled into a new routine of working from home more quickly than imagined. Now, as India and many other countries slowly move beyond the crisis, there exists a need to realize the implications of the pandemic on the workplace and articulate the future of work. This article, therefore, investigates the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of the new and emerging concept of hybrid workplaces and presents an HRM framework for their successful adoption in India. The findings may prove crucial in framing new workplace norms and shaping them. Moreover, this research would provide practitioners, policymakers, business leaders and HR professionals insights about the need to review the existing workplaces and successfully roll out hybrid work models in accordance with HR strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of Systematic Review of Literature (SLR) was adopted to study the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of hybrid workplaces.FindingsThe findings of the study would help business leaders, HR professionals, policymakers and researchers in developing HR policies and approaches for the adoption of the hybrid workplace as they chart the path toward the post-pandemic future.Research limitations/implicationsThe study stresses the HR implications of the future of work as the hybrid workplace paradigm evolves. The approach is explorative and would require quantitative validation in different sectors and countries.Originality/valueThe study makes a direct link between the hybrid workplaces and the impetus for the transformation of HR strategies. It also examines the changing role of the human resources (HR) functions and professionals after the pandemic.
The ecosystem of research tools for scholarly communication
Authors: Rao Purnima , Kumar Satish , Lim Weng Marc , Rao Akshat Aditya 
Published: November 2022

PurposeNumerous research tools exist but their usage among researchers across the different phases of the research cycle of scholarly communication remains unknown. This research aims to address this knowledge gap by mapping the research tools frequently used by global researchers against the various phases of the research cycle of scholarly communication.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a descriptive research design and conducts a cross-tabulation of secondary data consisting of 20,663 useable responses in a global survey of research tools for scholarly communication. This research also administered a survey to academic experts to classify the research tools according to traditional, modern, innovative and experimental categories.FindingsThis research reveals the six phases of the research cycle (i.e. discovery, analysis, writing, publication, outreach and assessment) and the research tools of scholarly communication frequently used by researchers worldwide in each phase as a whole and by roles, disciplines, regions and career stages. Notably, this research indicates that most of the research tools used by researchers are classified as “modern” and “innovative”.Originality/valueThe original insights herein should be useful for both established and early career researchers to gain and share research insights, as well as policymakers and existing and aspiring service providers who wish to improve the utility and usage of research tools for scholarly communication. Notably, this research represents a seminal endeavor at enhancing a global survey (secondary research) using a follow-up expert survey (primary research), which enabled the organization of research tools for scholarly communication into four refined categories. In doing so, this research contributes finer-grained insights that showcase the importance of keeping up with the advancement of technology through the use of modern, innovative and experimental research tools, thereby highlighting the need to go beyond traditional research tools for scholarly communication.
An assessment of human resource capabilities in supporting digital records preservation: a case of RAMD and RITA, Tanzania
Authors: Daniel Jacquiline , Ndumbaro Faraja 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Human resource capability is an important factor in determining institutional capacities in digital records preservation. This study aims to assess human resource capabilities in supporting digital records preservation in Tanzania, with special reference to the Records and Archives Management Department (RAMD) and Registration, Insolvency and Trusteeship Agency (RITA).

Design/methodology/approach
This study employed a descriptive case study design with multiple cases to generate insights into the topic under inquiry. Simple random and purposive sampling methods were used to select study respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews and documentary review. Qualitative data collected were subjected to content analysis, whereas quantitative data were analysed using international business machine-corporation-statistical packages and service solution.

Findings
RAMD and RITA have minimal human resource capabilities, as they contend with a shortage of qualified staff and technical personnel for digital records preservation. The shortage of funds, lack of management commitment to preserving digital records, lack of staff awareness on digital records preservation and inadequate participation of records practitioners in digital records preservation emerged as pressing challenges the two agencies contended with.

Practical implications
This study’s recommendations include finding alternative sources of funding, employing digital records specialists and provision of training on digital records preservation. Furthermore, this study proposes a framework that institutions can use in assessing human resource capabilities for digital records preservation.

Originality/value
This study contributes new knowledge and insights on the role of human resource capabilities in supporting digital records preservation in a resource-poor country.
Prevalence of alopecia areata in Japan: Estimates from a nationally representative sample
Authors: Aranishi Toshihiko , Ito Taisuke , Fukuyama Masahiro , Isaka Yoshitaka , Mackie DeMauri S. , King‐Concialdi Kristen , Senglaub Steven S. , Jaffe Dena H. , Shimomura Yutaka , Ohyama Manabu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractData on the prevalence of alopecia areata (AA) in Japan is limited and the epidemiology of the disease there is not well understood; therefore, it is critical to examine the prevalence and severity of AA in Japan to inform the need for future treatments and research. A cross‐sectional, web‐based survey was conducted in Japan from January through March 2021. A total of 45 006 participants were identified through general population survey panels and asked about their experience with AA and hair loss. The Alopecia Assessment Tool and the Scalp Hair Assessment PROTM were adopted to screen for history of AA and assess disease severity, respectively. Eligible participants submitted photos of their scalp, which were reviewed by three board‐certified dermatologists to evaluate the presence and severity of AA. Prevalence and severity estimates were calculated using participants' self‐reported data and verified through the dermatologists' assessments. The participant‐reported point prevalence of AA was 2.18%. The adjusted point prevalence following physician adjudication using participant‐submitted photos was 1.45%. Topical corticosteroids were the most commonly used treatments, with 34.6% of participants diagnosed with AA reported having ever used them. Participants also reported negative impacts on their mood (70.2%), self‐esteem (55.8%), and social interactions (48.9%). Despite the social and emotional impact of hair loss, more than one third of those reporting a physician diagnosis of AA were not currently seeking treatment. The current study identified an estimated prevalence of AA in Japan between 1.45% and 2.18% based on the survey results and physician‐adjudication of those findings. Considering the impactful psychological burden of AA, the survey results showing that 38.90% of surveyed patients do not currently seek treatment may indicate an unmet need for remedies.
The expression of prolyl isomerase Pin1 is expanded in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis and facilitates IL‐33 expression in HaCaT cells
Authors: Kanamoto Mayu , Takahagi Shunsuke , Aoyama Shunya , Kido Yuri , Nakanishi Mikako , Naito Miki , Kanna Machi , Yamamotoya Takeshi , Tanaka Akio , Hide Michihiro , Asano Tomoichiro , Nakatsu Yusuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is attributable to both a genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Among numerous cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of AD, interleukin‐33 (IL‐33), reportedly escaping exocytotically in response to a scratch, is abundantly expressed in the skin tissues of patients with AD and is postulated to induce inflammatory and autoimmune responses. In this study, we first demonstrated that peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA‐interacting 1 (Pin1), a unique enzyme which isomerizes the proline residues of target proteins, is abundantly expressed in keratinocytes, and that the areas where it is present in the skin tissues of AD patients became expanded due to hyperkeratosis. Thus, we investigated the effects of Pin1 on the regulation of IL‐33 expression using the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Interestingly, silencing of the Pin1 gene or treatment with Pin1 inhibitors dramatically reduced IL‐33 expressions in HaCaT cells, although Pin1 overexpression did not elevate it. Subsequently, we showed that Pin1 binds to STAT1 and the nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) subunit p65. Silencing the Pin1 gene with small interfering RNAs significantly reduced the phosphorylation of p65, while no marked effects of Pin1 on the STAT1 pathway were detected. Thus, it is likely that Pin1 contributes to increased expression of IL‐33 via the NF‐κB subunit p65 in HaCaT cells, at least modestly. Nevertheless, further study is necessary to demonstrate the pathogenic roles of Pin1 and IL‐33 in AD development.
Causal association between atopic eczema and inflammatory bowel disease: A two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of the East Asian population
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Wang Yihui , Wang Xi E. , Chen Bin , Zhang Lei , Lu Xixue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObservation studies have postulated that atopic eczema is associated with a risk of inflammatory bowel disease in the East Asian population; however, this association does not obviate the biases resulting from confounding effects and reverse causation. This study aimed to determine whether this association is causal in the East Asian population using a bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization design. Independent genetic variants obtained from public genome‐wide association studies for atopic eczema (4296 cases, 163 807 controls) were extracted to estimate the causal effects on inflammatory bowel disease (2824 cases, 3719 controls) and its two main conditions: Crohn's disease (1690 cases, 3719 controls) and ulcerative colitis (1134 cases, 3719 controls). Atopic eczema was found to be strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.520 [1.179, 1.959]; p = 0.001), but not vice versa. Subtype analyses revealed that atopic eczema is significantly associated with Crohn's disease (1.650 [1.293, 2.106]; p = 0.000) but not with ulcerative colitis. Both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis were found to be causally related to atopic eczema; Crohn's disease could reduce the risk of atopic eczema (0.866 [0.807, 0.930]; p = 0.000) while ulcerative colitis could increase the risk of atopic eczema (1.112 [1.021, 1.212]; p = 0.015). In conclusion, this study revealed that statistically causal relationships are present between atopic eczema and inflammatory bowel disease in the East Asian population. These findings are significant for guiding the treatment of atopic eczema and inflammatory bowel disease in clinical practice.
What's new in the pathogeneses and triggering factors of bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Ujiie Hideyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal blistering disease induced by autoantibodies to type XVII collagen (COL17, also called BP180) and BP230. Previous studies using patients' samples and animal disease models elucidated the complement‐dependent and complement‐independent pathways of blister formation, the pathogenic roles of immune cells (T and B cells, macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils), and the pathogenicity of IgE autoantibodies in BP. This review introduces the recent progress on the mechanism behind the epitope‐spreading phenomenon in BP, which is considered to be important to understand the chronic and intractable disease course of BP, and the pathogenicity of anti‐BP230 autoantibodies, mainly focusing on studies that used active disease models. To clarify the pathogenesis of BP, the mechanism behind the breakdown of immune tolerance to BP antigens should be investigated. Recent studies using various experimental models have revealed important roles for regulatory T cells in the maintenance of self‐tolerance to COL17 and BP230 as well as in the suppression of inflammation triggered by the binding of antibodies to COL17. Notably, physical stresses such as trauma, thermal burns, bone fractures, irradiation and ultraviolet exposure, some pathologic conditions such as neurological diseases and hematological malignancies, and the use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been reported as triggering factors for BP. These factors and certain underlying conditions such as genetic background, regulatory T‐cell dysfunction or aging might synergistically affect some individuals and eventually induce BP. Further studies on the breakdown of self‐tolerance and on the identification of key molecules that are relevant to blister formation and inflammation may expand our understanding of BP's etiology and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss
Authors: Muehleisen Andrew J. , Watkins Carmen R. E. , Altmire Gabriella R. , Shaw E. Ashley , Case Madelon F. , Aoyama Lina , Brambila Alejandro , Reed Paul B. , LaForgia Marina , Borer Elizabeth T. , Seabloom Eric W. , Bakker Jonathan D. , Arnillas Carlos Alberto , Biederman Lori , Chen Qingqing , Cleland Elsa E. , Eskelinen Anu , Fay Philip A. , Hagenah Nicole , Harpole Stan , Hautier Yann , Henning Jeremiah A. , Knops Johannes M. H. , Komatsu Kimberly J. , Ladouceur Emma , Laungani Ramesh , MacDougall Andrew , McCulley Rebecca L. , Moore Joslin L. , Ohlert Tim , Power Sally A. , Raynaud Xavier , Stevens Carly J. , Virtanen Risto , Wilfahrt Peter , Hallett Lauren M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Declines in grassland diversity in response to nutrient addition are a general consequence of global change. This decline in species richness may be driven by multiple underlying processes operating at different time‐scales. Nutrient addition can reduce diversity by enhancing the rate of local extinction via competitive exclusion, or by reducing the rate of colonization by constraining the pool of species able to colonize under new conditions. Partitioning net change into extinction and colonization rates will better delineate the long‐term effect of global change in grasslands.

We synthesized changes in richness in response to experimental fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with micronutrients across 30 grasslands. We quantified changes in local richness, colonization, and extinction over 8–10 years of nutrient addition, and compared these rates against control conditions to isolate the effect of nutrient addition from background dynamics.

Total richness at steady state in the control plots was the sum of equal, relatively high rates of local colonization and extinction. On aggregate, 30%–35% of initial species were lost and the same proportion of new species were gained at least once over a decade. Absolute turnover increased with site‐level richness but was proportionately greater at lower‐richness sites relative to starting richness. Loss of total richness with nutrient addition, especially N in combination with P or K, was driven by enhanced rates of extinction with a smaller contribution from reduced colonization. Enhanced extinction and reduced colonization were disproportionately among native species, perennials, and forbs. Reduced colonization plateaued after the first few (<5) years after nutrient addition, while enhanced extinction continued throughout the first decade.

Synthesis. Our results indicate a high rate of colonizations and extinctions underlying the richness of ambient communities and that nutrient enhancement drives overall declines in diversity primarily by exclusion of previously established species. Moreover, enhanced extinction continues over long time‐scales, suggesting continuous, long‐term community responses and a need for long‐term study to fully realize the extinction impact of increased nutrients on grassland composition.
Marital status and hospital use in older adults
Authors: Mu Chunzhou , Hall Jane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe proportion of single person households is increasing with population ageing. At older ages living in a single person household is more likely to be due to bereavement or separation than at younger ages. We examine the association between marital status and the likelihood and the length of hospitalisations, with particular emphasis on whether and how this association varies by different types of hospitalisations with a distinct nature of care. Using a large survey linked to multiple years of detailed administrative records enables us to better control for individual heterogeneity and allows us to conduct a finer classification of hospitalisations. A two‐part model is used for estimation. We also investigate the relationship between marital status and the presentations to emergency department. The results show singles have an increased probability of hospitalisation and length of stay, with a substantial heterogeneity revealed in the association between marital status and different types of hospitalisations. The findings are consistent with the lesser availability of informal care for those being single and point to the need to develop appropriate and targeted strategies to reduce hospitalisation in this group.
Gender, Food and ‘The Right to the City’ in the Ghanaian Marketplace
Authors: King Arianna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article combines ethnographic fieldwork in Cape Coast's Kotokuraba Market with theories of ‘the right to the city’ and historical literature on gender and space in West Africa to highlight the connections between women's food labour and the social production of market space in Ghana. In identifying two critical moments from Ghana's history that exemplify the influence of economic policy on the gender arrangement of the marketplace, this article argues that although women have historically dominated Ghana's public marketplaces, their ‘right to the city’ – the collective and individual rights to determine the form and function of market space – remains out of reach.
Exploring the value of microorganisms in the appendix for inferring postmortem interval in Sprague–Dawley rats using high‐throughput sequencing
Authors: Li Weihan , Xing Yu , Gan Li , Peng Wenli , Deng Shixiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVarious microorganisms play an important role in daily functions in the body and continue to flourish after death. Our prior investigation using frozen cadavers revealed that the appendix, rather than the transverse colon, was a superior sampling site for intestinal bacteria because the appendiceal flora had higher diversity than that in the transverse colon in the majority of experimental periods after death. We sought to explore out more about whether the appendicular flora is significantly related to postmortem interval (PMI) at natural temperatures following the host's death. In this work, we employed high‐throughput sequencing to evaluate the contents of rats' appendices within 2 weeks after death and then utilized the random forest algorithm to build a PMI prediction model after completing basic visual analyses on the sequencing data. The findings revealed that Firmicutes was the absolute dominant species of appendicular flora; alpha‐diversity of appendix flora first increased and then decreased, with the highest point appearing at 36 h after death; and the primary metabolic functions were carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, as well as cofactors and vitamin metabolism. Finally, a random forest regression model for PMI prediction was built by the training data at the family level, with the mean absolute error of 10.27 h for prediction within 14 days postmortem, and the test set data subsequently proved the model's reliability. Changes in appendicular flora were strongly related to the PMI following rats’ deaths, so we have reason to believe that the appendicular flora is valuable in predicting PMI.
Late‐onset acute type 1 diabetes mellitus 7 months after discontinuation of pembrolizumab against lung cancer
Authors: Ichihara Seiya , Kunishige Michihiro , Kadota Naoki , Okano Yoshio , Machida Hisanori , Hatakeyama Nobuo , Naruse Keishi , Shinohara Tsutomu , Takeuchi Eiji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmune‐related adverse events (irAEs) occur in rare cases, even after the completion of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. We encountered a lung cancer patient diagnosed with acute‐onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) 7 months after the cessation of ICI. A 68‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital for chest abnormalities. She was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma cT4N2M1c, stage IVB. Immunostaining showed that the expression of programmed death ligand 1 in tumor cells was negative. A genetic analysis using the Oncomine Dx Target Test Multi‐CDx System revealed that the primary tumor was positive for ERBB2. Combined immunotherapy with carboplatin, pemetrexed, and pembrolizumab was performed as first‐line therapy, followed by maintenance therapy with pemetrexed plus pembrolizumab, which was successful. After the seventh course, maintenance therapy was stopped because only the primary tumor showed local enlargement. Local chest radiotherapy (66 Gy/33 Fr) was performed, and the patient was followed up. HbA1c was 4.9% 3 months after the completion of pembrolizumab, and dry mouth and polyuria occurred after 5 months. Seven months later, the patient developed diabetic ketoacidosis with a blood glucose of 348 mg/dL and an HbA1c of 11.3%. Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were negative and urinary C‐peptide was 9.3 μg/day. The patient was diagnosed with acute‐onset type 1 diabetes and received insulin therapy. There has been no case report of type 1 diabetes diagnosed 7 months after the last administration of an ICI. These results indicate that irAE needs to be considered even after the cessation of ICI.