bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Antibiotics for acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Puskesmas Karang Rejo, Tarakan
Authors: Insani Mirza , Permana Dharma 
Published: July 2022

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a serious infection that prevents normal breathing function. It usually begins as a viral infection in the nose, trachea (windpipe), or lungs. If the infection is not treated, it can spread to the entire respiratory system. ARI prevents the body from getting oxygen and can result in death. ARI is the most common diagnosis for which antibiotics are prescribed and there are many reasons why primary care doctors prescribe antibiotics. The aim of this study was to know the use of antibiotic drugs in ARI patients at Puskesmas Karang Rejo, Tarakan.Methods: The research method is a descriptive with retrospective data collection by collecting secondary data obtained from medical records at Puskesmas Karang RejoTarakan in the period of January-April 2017. Results: A total of 595 medical records were selected, there were 58.66% (n = 349) female and 41.34 % (n = 246) male, and most occurred in children aged 1-5 years 31.60% (n=188) and aged 6 -10 years 20.84% (n=124). The most common types of ARI were acute tonsillitis 33.61% (n=200), nonspecific respiratory tract infection 32.77% (n=195) and pneumonia 13,94% (n=83. The antibiotic drugs used were amoxicillin 73.11% (n=435), cotrimoxazole 22.02% (n=131), ciprofloxacin 2.52% (n=15), cephadroxil 1.68% (n=10) and chloramphenicol 0.67% (n=4). Amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole were the most commonly used antibiotic for treatment of patients with all types of ARI. Amoxicillin use was highest in acute tonsillitis (94.00%, n=188) and nonspecific respiratory tract infection (85.13%, n=166), while cotrimoxazole use was highest in pneumonia (90.36%, n=75).Conclusion: Amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole were the mostly used antibiotics for treatment of patients with ARI in Puskesmas Karang Rejo, Tarakan.
Is the Rotatory Knee Stability Immediately Decreased Following a Competitive Soccer Match?
Authors: Neira Alejandro , Silvestre Rony , Debandi Aníbal , Darras Daniel , Cristi-Sánchez Iver , Barra Ignacio , Peñailillo Luis , De La Fuente Carlos 
Published: July 2022

Fatigue induced by soccer playing increases physical efforts, which might alter the transverse knee stability, a known factor that promotes knee injuries, particularly anterior cruciate ligament injury. Thereby, primarily, we aimed to determine whether rotatory knee stability decreases immediately following a competitive soccer match in amateur players. Furthermore, we assessed the role of the preferred and non-preferred limbs to kick a ball in rotatory knee stability and the correlation between performance parameters and rotatory knee stability. We hypothesized that the knee stability decreases immediately after a competitive soccer match in amateur players. Eight healthy amateur soccer players (aged 27.2 ± 4.7 years and with body mass index of 23.8 ± 1.2 kg m−2) were included immediately before and after a competitive soccer match. The rotatory knee stability was assessed in the preferred and non-preferred limbs through the acceleration and jerk of the pivot shift maneuver and by the internal knee rotation of a pivoting landing task. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA for factors time (before and after the soccer match) and limb (preferred and non-preferred) and multiple comparisons were performed using α = 5%. There was a statistical significance for the main factor time in the acceleration (5.04 vs. 6.90 ms−2, Δ = 1.86 ms−2, p = 0.020, η2 = 0.331) and jerk (18.46 vs. 32.10 ms−2, Δ = 13.64 ms−2, p = 0.004, η2 = 0.456) of the pivot shift maneuver. Rotatory stability decreases following a competitive soccer match in amateur soccer players under fatigue. Both the acceleration and jerk during the pivot shift maneuver is increased without significant internal knee rotation changes during the pivoting landing task.
Enhanced efficiency of generating human-induced pluripotent stem cells using Lin28-30Kc19 fusion protein
Authors: Son Boram , Yoon Hyungro , Ryu Jina , Lee Haein , Joo Jinmyoung , Park Hee Ho , Park Tai Hyun 
Published: July 2022

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have intrinsic properties, such as self-renewal ability and pluripotency, which are also shown in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The challenge of improving the iPSC generation efficiency has been an important issue and there have been many attempts to develop iPSC generation methods. In this research, we added Lin28, known as one of the reprogramming factors, in the form of a soluble recombinant protein from E. coli to improve the efficiency of human iPSC (hiPSC) generation, in respect of alkaline phosphatase (AP)-positive colonies. To deliver Lin28 inside the cells, we generated a soluble Lin28-30Kc19 fusion protein, with 30Kc19 at the C-terminal domain of Lin28. 30Kc19, a silkworm hemolymph-derived protein, was fused due to its cell-penetrating and protein-stabilizing properties. The Lin28-30Kc19 was treated to human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), in combination with four defined reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4). After 14 days of cell culture, we confirmed the generated hiPSCs through AP staining. According to the results, the addition of Lin28-30Kc19 increased the number and size of generated AP-positive hiPSC colonies. Through this research, we anticipate that this recombinant protein would be a valuable material for increasing the efficiency of hiPSC generation and for enhancing the possibility as a substitute of the conventional method.
Real-Time MRI Monitoring of GelMA-Based Hydrogel-Loaded Kartogenin for In Situ Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Hanyuan , Fang Weijun , Zhao Tingting , Zhang Huabing , Gao Liang , Li Jingya , Wang Rujing , Xu Weiping 
Published: July 2022

The cartilage has poor ability to mount a sufficient healing response. Herein, kartogenin (KGN), an emerging stable non-protein compound with the ability to recruit bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (BMSCs) to promote chondrogenic differentiation, was grafted onto dopamine-Fe(III) chelating nanoparticles, followed by involving a gelatin- and dextran-based injectable hydrogel to mimic the extracellular matrix to promote cartilage repair. The in vitro results demonstrated that KGN underwent long-term sustained release behavior and availably promoted the deep migration of BMSC cells in yielding hydrogels. Furthermore, in vivo New Zealand white rabbits’ cartilage defect model repairing results showed that cartilage defect obtained significant regeneration post operation in the 12th week, and the defect edge almost disappeared compared to adjacent normal cartilage tissue. Meanwhile, the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) property resulting from dissociative Fe (III) can significantly monitor the degradation degree of the implanted hydrogels in the defect site. This integrated diagnosis and treatment system gives insight into cartilage regeneration.
Peripheral Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Cartilage Injuries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhu Yanlin , Fu Weili 
Published: July 2022

Background: The treatment of cartilage damage is a hot topic at present, and cell therapy is an emerging alternative therapy. Stem cells derived from peripheral blood have become the focus of current research due to the ease of obtaining materials and a wide range of sources.Methods: We used a text search strategy using the [“mesenchymal stem cells” (MeSH term) OR “MSC” OR “BMMSC” OR “PBMSC” OR” PBMNC” OR “peripheral blood stem cells”] AND (cartilage injury [MeSH term] OR “cartilage” OR “chondral lesion”). After searching the literature, through the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the last included articles were systematically reviewed.Result: We found that peripheral blood-derived stem cells have chondrogenic differentiation ability and can induce chondrogenic differentiation and repair in vivo and have statistical significance in clinical and imaging prognosis. It is an improvement of academic differences. Compared with the bone marrow, peripheral blood is easier to obtain, widely sourced, and simple to obtain. In the future, peripheral blood will be a more potential cell source for cell therapy in the treatment of cartilage damage.Conclusion: Stem cells derived from peripheral blood can repair cartilage and are an important resource for the treatment of cartilage damage in the future. The specific mechanism and way of repairing cartilage need further study.
Enhanced thrombolysis by endovascular low-frequency ultrasound with bifunctional microbubbles in venous thrombosis: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Wang Zhaojian , Pan Yunfan , Huang Huaigu , Zhang Yuan , Li Yan , Zou Chenghong , Huang Guanghua , Chen Yuexin , Li Yongjian , Li Jiang , Chen Haosheng 
Published: July 2022

There is a need to improve the efficacy and safety of endovascular techniques in venous thrombotic diseases, and microbubble enhanced sonothrombolysis is a promising approach. However, whether endovascular low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) can be utilized in microbubble enhanced sonothrombolysis is unclear. Here, we present a catheter-based thrombolytic system that combines unfocused low-frequency low-intensity ultrasound with novel fibrin-targeted drug-loaded bifunctional microbubbles. We develop an in vitro flow model and an in vivo rabbit inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis model to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the thrombolytic system. The results indicate that microbubble enhanced sonothrombolysis with endovascular LFUS treatment for 30 min is equally effective compared to pure pharmacologic treatment. Furthermore, the thrombolytic efficacy of this system is safely and substantially improved by the introduction of a fibrin-targeted drug-loaded bifunctional microbubble with a reduction of the fibrinolytic agent dosage by 60%. The microbubble enhanced endovascular LFUS sonothrombolysis system with excellent thrombolytic efficacy may serve as a new therapeutic approach for venous thrombotic diseases.
Comprehensive Analysis of Quantitative Proteomics With DIA Mass Spectrometry and ceRNA Network in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Fang Dajun , Fang Yan , Zhang Weiqiang , Xiang Yun , Cheng Xi , Liang Mingfeng , Xia Huimin 
Published: July 2022

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific complication characterized by pruritus without skin damage and jaundice. The poor perinatal outcomes include fetal distress, preterm birth, and unexpected intrauterine death. However, the mechanism of ICP leading to poor prognosis is still unclear.Methods: We analyzed 10 ICP and 10 normal placental specimens through quantitative proteomics of data-independent acquisition (DIA) to screen and identify differentially expressed proteins. GO, KEGG, COG/KOG, StringDB, InterProScan, Metascape, BioGPS, and NetworkAnalyst databases were used in this study. PITA, miRanda, TargetScan, starBase, and LncBase Predicted v.2 were used for constructing a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Cytoscape was used for drawing regulatory networks, and cytoHubba was used for screening core nodes. The ICP rat models were used to validate the pathological mechanism.Results: GO, KEGG, and COG/KOG functional enrichment analysis results showed the differentially expressed proteins participated in autophagy, autophagosome formation, cofactor binding, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and coenzyme transport and metabolism. DisGeNET analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were associated with red blood cell disorder and slow progression. We further analyzed first 12 proteins in the upregulated and downregulated differentially expressed proteins and incorporated clinicopathologic parameters. Our results showed HBG1, SPI1, HBG2, HBE1, FOXK1, KRT72, SLC13A3, MBD2, SP9, GPLD1, MYH7, and BLOC1S1 were associated with ICP development. ceRNA network analysis showed that MBD2, SPI1, FOXK1, and SLC13A3 were regulated by multiple miRNAs and lncRNAs.Conclusion: ICP was associated with autophagy. The ceRNA network of MBD2, SPI1, FOXK1, and SLC13A3 was involved in ICP progression, and these core proteins might be potential target.
Artificial Intelligence Model for Antiinterference Cataract Automatic Diagnosis: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Wu Xing , Xu Di , Ma Tong , Li Zhao Hui , Ye Zi , Wang Fei , Gao Xiang Yang , Wang Bin , Chen Yu Zhong , Wang Zhao Hui , Chen Ji Li , Hu Yun Tao , Ge Zong Yuan , Wang Da Jiang , Zeng Qiang 
Published: July 2022

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. In order to achieve large-scale cataract screening and remarkable performance, several studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI) to cataract detection based on fundus images. However, the fundus images they used are original from normal optical circumstances, which is less impractical due to the existence of poor-quality fundus images for inappropriate optical conditions in actual scenarios. Furthermore, these poor-quality images are easily mistaken as cataracts because both show fuzzy imaging characteristics, which may decline the performance of cataract detection. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate an antiinterference AI model for rapid and efficient diagnosis based on fundus images.Materials and Methods: The datasets (including both cataract and noncataract labels) were derived from the Chinese PLA general hospital. The antiinterference AI model consisted of two AI submodules, a quality recognition model for cataract labeling and a convolutional neural networks-based model for cataract classification. The quality recognition model was performed to distinguish poor-quality images from normal-quality images and further generate the pseudo labels related to image quality for noncataract. Through this, the original binary-class label (cataract and noncataract) was adjusted to three categories (cataract, noncataract with normal-quality images, and noncataract with poor-quality images), which could be used to guide the model to distinguish cataract from suspected cataract fundus images. In the cataract classification stage, the convolutional-neural-network-based model was proposed to classify cataracts based on the label of the previous stage. The performance of the model was internally validated and externally tested in real-world settings, and the evaluation indicators included area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), and specificity (SPE).Results: In the internal and external validation, the antiinterference AI model showed robust performance in cataract diagnosis (three classifications with AUCs &gt;91%, ACCs &gt;84%, SENs &gt;71%, and SPEs &gt;89%). Compared with the model that was trained on the binary-class label, the antiinterference cataract model improved its performance by 10%.Conclusion: We proposed an efficient antiinterference AI model for cataract diagnosis, which could achieve accurate cataract screening even with the interference of poor-quality images and help the government formulate a more accurate aid policy.
Ecological Risk Assessment and Influencing Factors of Heavy-Metal Leaching From Coal-Based Solid Waste Fly Ash
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Cai Weiqing , Hu Youbiao , Yang Ke , Zheng Yonghong , Fang Chao , Ma Chengnan , Tan Yuning 
Published: July 2022

In order to promote and broaden the utilization of fly ash as a resource, the fly ash from a 2,660-MW coal-fired power plant in Huainan (China) was investigated. The physical and chemical properties of fly ash were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis, and XRD. The content and different forms of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, and Ni were determined by acid digestion, oscillation leaching, and Tessier five-step extraction. The effect of pH, temperature, and particle size on the leached amount of heavy metals was studied. Finally, the ecological risk index was calculated for each heavy metal via the risk assessment coding (RAC) method and Hakanson ecological risk assessment method, allowing the ecological risk of fly ash to be determined under different environmental conditions. Results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Co, and Ni were all below the risk screening values reported for environmental pollutants (pH &gt; 7.5). Under varying pH, temperature, and particle size conditions, the leached amounts (oscillation leaching) were below the soil risk screening values for agricultural land in China. An RAC-Cd value of &gt;50% indicates a high ecological risk, while the RAC values of Co and Ni were between 10 and 30%, indicating a medium ecological risk, and the RAC values of Cr and Cu were &lt;10%, indicating a low ecological risk. With increasing pH, the potential ecological risk index (RI) decreased, with a maximum RI of 59.62 observed at pH 2.8. With increasing temperature, the potential ecological RI increased initially to a maximum of 27.69 at 25°C and then decreased thereafter. With increasing particle size, the ecological RI decreased, with the highest RI of 4.06 occurring at &lt;0.075 mm. The Hakanson ecological RI value was below 150, indicating a slight ecological risk. Therefore, fly ash can be considered as a soil additive and conditioner that is suitable for use in the improvement of reclamation soil in coal mining subsidence areas.
Effect of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron on Arsenic Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability in Soil
Authors: Chen Shuo , Han Lei , Wang Qiu , Liu Chenglang , Liu Yuzhen , Li Jie 
Published: July 2022

Hand-to-mouth activity is considered to be the main way for children to come into contact with contaminated soil, and bioavailability is an important factor affecting their health risk. To reduce soil As risk to humans by oral exposure, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been extensively studied for immobilizing As-contaminated soil, but its efficiency has not been investigated using in vitro assay and its influence on As-RBA. In this study, two contaminated soil samples (A and B) were amended with 1% and 2% (w/w) nZVI for 56 days to study its effect on As fraction by sequence extraction, As bioaccessibility by SBRC assay, and As relative bioavailability (RBA) by the mouse liver and kidney model. Based on the sequence extraction, the As associated with the E1 (exchangeable fraction) and C2 (carbonate fraction) fractions were decreased from 3.00% to 1.68% for soil A and from 21.6% to 7.86% for soil B after being treated with 2% nZVI for 56 days. When assessing As bioaccessibility in all soils treated with nZVI by SBRC assay, it was found that As bioaccessibility was significantly higher in the gastric phase (GP) and lower in the intestinal phase (IP) (p &lt; 0.05), and the bioaccessible Fe concentration decreased significantly from the gastric to intestinal phase at the same time. Based on the mouse liver–kidney model, the As-RBA in soil A increased from 21.6% to 22.3% and 39.9%, but in soil B decreased from 73.0% to 55.3% and 68.9%, respectively. In addition, there was a significant difference between As bioaccessibility based on GP or IP of SBRC assay and As-RBA in two soils after being treated with nZVI for 56 days. To more accurately assess the effects of nZVI human arsenic exposure, As-RBA should be considered in concert with secondary evidence provided through fraction and bioaccessibility assessments. In addition, it is necessary to develop a suitable in vitro assay to predict As-RBA in nZVI-amended soils.
Apigenin-Mn(II) loaded hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for ulcerative colitis therapy in mice
Authors: Lv Feng , Zhang Yuchen , Peng Qiao , Zhao Xinxin , Hu Datao , Wen Jinpeng , Liu Kailai , Li Ruilin , Wang Ke , Sun Jinyao 
Published: July 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by rapid progression and frequent comorbidities that make its treatment challenging. Nanomaterial-based strategies have been extensively studied to target the GI mucosal immune system in recent years. Herein, we propose a novel apigenin-Mn(II) loaded sodium hyaluronate nanoparticles where apigenin (API) was incorporated in the Mn2+ ramework, coated with hyaluronic acid. The apigenin-Mn(II) loaded sodium hyaluronate nanoparticles (API-Mn(II)@HA NPs) exhibited a diameter of 200 nm and were effective against UC. The preparation of the API-Mn(II) complex was relatively simple, and the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect on UC induced by sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) was studied in detail. We found that API-Mn(II)@HA nanoparticles could effectively repair the intestinal barrier and significantly improve the damaged colon tissue by mediating inflammatory factors. This study provides novel insights on a new kind of active targeted nanoparticle for improving the efficacy of drugs for UC treatment.
Early Versus Delayed Enteral Feeding in Predicted Severe Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jin Zheng , Wei Yaping , Hu Shanshan , Sun Minhui , Fang Mengdie , Shen Hongzhang , Yang Jianfeng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Jin Hangbin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe optimal timing of enteral nutrition (EN) initiation in predicted severe acute gallstone pancreatitis (SAGP) and its influence on disease outcomes are not well known.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of patients with predicted SAGP treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and EN. The patients were classified into two groups according to the timing of EN initiation after admission: within 48 h, and more than 48 h. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, need for intensive care admission, need for surgical intervention, improvements in blood test results after 7-10 days of EN, incidence of pancreatic necrosis and infection, and hospital care costs. The microbiological profiles of infectious complications were also evaluated.ResultsOf the 98 patients, 31 and 67 started EN within 48 h, and more than 48 h after admission, respectively. Early EN was associated with a decrease in in-hospital mortality (0 vs. 11.9%; p=0.045), length of hospital stay (median:18 vs. 27 days; p=0.001), need for intensive care admission (3.2% vs. 20.9%; p=0.032), and hospital care costs (median:9,289 vs. 13,518 US$; p=0.007), compared to delayed EN. Moreover, early EN for 7-10 days had more beneficial effects on blood test results than delayed EN, including total protein (p=0.03) and CRP (p=0.006) levels. However, the need for surgical intervention and incidence of pancreatic necrosis did not differ between the two groups. In our study, Gram-negative bacteria were the main responsible pathogens (50.5%). Infection with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) was found in 19.4% of the patients. The most common MDRO was MDR Enterococcus faecium. Early EN was not superior in reducing incidence of infected pancreatic necrosis, bacteremia, polymicrobial infection, or MDROs.ConclusionsIn patients with predicted SAGP, early EN is associated with a decrease in in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, need of intensive care admission, and hospital care costs, compared to delayed EN. There are no significant benefits of early EN in reducing the rate of infection-related complications. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.