bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Audiovisual Wills: A Contemporary Approach to Testamentary Formalities
Authors: Aksoy Hüseyin Can 
Published: November 2022

Audiovisual Wills: A Contemporary Approach to Testamentary Formalities
Despite several differences between civil law and common law jurisdictions, today’s modern succession law is based on Roman law, which requires strict formal rules for will-making. However, a historical perspective demonstrates that there is a slow but continuous shift away from strict formalism. In fact, form’s superiority over substance is diminishing, and testamentary formalities are mellowing. Yet legislative intervention is compulsory to ensure that succession law is in harmony with the latest technological developments of the era. We argue that de lege ferenda, legal order should allow testators to execute audiovisual wills through electronic means of communication. Within this stance, the option of audiovisual wills should not be restricted to cases of emergency. Everyone should be allowed to make an audiovisual will at any time, and such wills should not be automatically terminated if the testator is still alive after a specific time following the execution of the will. However, one needs a feasible and secure system that will ensure that audiovisual wills bestow the functions of testamentary formalities. Accordingly, we propose that each state create a digital registry. Testators could upload their audiovisual wills to such a registry, and these wills could be shared directly with competent public authorities.
The Active Role of Youth in Conservation of the Environment from the Perspective of Law No.40 of 2009 in Sei Kera Hilir 2 Sub-District Medan Perjuangan Kota Medan
Authors: Hadi Wardhana  , Erika Revida  , Sakhyah Asmara  
Published: November 2022

The environment is a space for life in all aspects whose natural nature is to provide the greatest benefit to humans. However, today's environmental conditions, especially in the city of Medan, are still not ideal. Various environmental problems that occur cause the benefits of the environment that should be obtained by the people of Medan City to be hampered. The contradiction between the ideal conditions of the environment and the objective conditions of the environment today requires the role of the community, especially youth, in environmental conservation, including the role of youth in environmental conservation in Sei Kera Hilir 2 Village, Medan Perjuangan District.This study aims to analyze the role of youth in environmental conservation efforts in Sei Kera Hilir 2 Subdistrict MedanPerjuangan based on Law No. 40 of 2009 Article 17 paragraph 1 regarding the active role of youth, to analyze what obstacles are experienced by youth in playing a role in environmental preservation in Sei Village. Kera Hilir 2, Medan Struggle District, to analyze the impact of the implementation of Law No. 40 of 2009 Article 17 on the role of youth in environmental conservation efforts in Sei Kera Hilir 2 Village, Medan Struggle District.
Optimalisasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Madrasah
Authors: Arrosyid Harun 
Published: November 2022

Intensi formulasi artikel ialah menganalisis dan menemukan efektifitas implementasi pendidikan multikultural di madrasah. Qualitative approach idengan ijenis penelitian case study merupakan preferensi penelitian. In depthiinterview (wawancara mendalam), ideep observation (observasi mendalam) sertaistudi dokumentasi merupakan hierarki teknik pengumpulan data.iIndividualicase diaplikasikan sebagai ibahan ianalisis idata. Formulasi pengecekan data mengaplikasikan kredibilitas dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil riset mendeterminasikan bahwa pendidikan multikultural memiliki peran sentral dalam memanifestasikan karakter menerima perbedaan (difference) dalam keberagaman di madrasah. Multicultural education memberikan ekses konstruktif dalam membentuk perilaku saling menghargai, saling menghormati perbedaan serta kebhinekaan dalam bingkai Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
Analisis Model Regresi Multilevel dalam Kajian Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Purwanto Arie , Wulanningtyas Melania Eva , Khuzaini Nanang 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model regresi linier multilevel dengan menggunakan struktur data pengukuran berulang. Data yang digunakan adalah nilai post-test, pre-test, dan tugas siswa yang masing-masing diukur tiga kali untuk setiap siswa dan dilakukan di enam kelas yang berbeda. Terdapat 28 model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Model umumnya dibangun dari model 2 atau 3 level, yang masing-masing berisi model random intersep dan model random slope. Prosedur RIGLS digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil estimasi parameter yang terbaik. Disisi lain dalam penentuan model terbaik digunkan statistik AIC terkecil yang dapat dibentuk. Dari hasil estimasi yang diperoleh, diperoleh model ke-25 yang merupakan salah satu model random slope 3 tingkat dengan AIC minimum yaitu 3555.822.
Evaluasi Pengalihan Kendaraan Pribadi ke Transjakarta Koridor IX
Authors: Butarbutar Alden Sofian , Siregar Herwin , Sawito Kasimir 
Published: November 2022

Peningkatan jumlah pengguna kendaraan pribadi mengakibatkan sejumlah persoalan misalnya kemacetan, polusi udara, berkurangnya sumber daya energi, dan sebagainya. Hal ini sesungguhnya berlawanan dengan nilai-nilai tanggung jawab moral dan prinsip dari setiap orang. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui volume pengguna kendaraan pribadi yang beralih ke Transjakarta Koridor IX. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Berjalannya program bus Transjakarta koridor IX diharapkan agar para pengguna kendaraan pribadi beralih moda transportasi ke bus Transjakarta. Namun program koridor ini, masih ada sejumlah permasalahan. Jenis penelitian ini ialah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan hasil perhitungan besar presentase pengendara mobil pribadi ketika weekday yang bersedia beralih menggunakan bus feeder Transjakarta sebesar 25% dan presentase pengendara sepeda motor yang bersedia beralih menggunakan bus feeder Transjakarta sebesar 3%. Saat weekend diperoleh dari hasil pendekatan dengan presentase untuk pengguna mobil pibadi sebesar 15% dan presentase untuk sepeda motor sebesar 19%. Sehingga belum secara keseluruhan pengguna kendaraan pribadi yang beralih ke Transjakarta Koridor IX.
Upaya Pencegahan Stunting melalui Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu di Puskesmas Pulasaren Kota Cirebon
Authors: Andhini Citra Setyo Dwi , Nurfajriyani Ika , Sadiya Halimatus , Khairiyah Fega Nurpuji 
Published: November 2022

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah untuk mencegah kejadian stunting melalui peningkatan pengetahuan Ibu yang memiliki anak dibawah 2 tahun. Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan melalui penyuluhan yang dilakukan selama 1 hari (6 jam). Sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dilakukan, peserta diberikan kuesioner terkait dengan pengetahuan stunting. Berdasarkan kuesioner tersebut terdapat perbedaan pada hasil pengetahuan peserta. Pengetahuan sebelum penyuluhan 30,8% sangat baik, sedangkan setelah pemberian materi melalui penyuluhan pengetahuan meningkat menjadi 55,9% sangat baik. Pengetahuan terhadap stunting yang baik dapat mencegah kejadian stunting di masa depan.
Appraisal and simulation of expected genetic gain for production and reproduction traits in Sahiwal cattle
Authors: RATWAN POONAM , CHAKRAVARTY ATISH KUMAR , KUMAR MANOJ 
Published: November 2022

The present study was undertaken with an objective to assess the expected genetic gain for production and reproduction traits, viz. 305-day milk yield (305DMY), average daily milk yield (ADMY), and calving to first insemination interval (CFI) in Sahiwal cattle. Data spread over a period of 29 years pertaining to production and reproduction traits of Sahiwal cattle maintained at an organized herd of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, were utilized. Expected genetic gain per generation was assessed based on first and pooled 6 lactation records using 2 different methods, i.e. method I (ΔG = h2S) and II (ΔG = iσph2). Method II, which considered selection intensity and phenotypic standard deviation of the traits led to better estimation in Sahiwal cattle. Further, different parameters involved in methods I and II were simulated to evaluate the expected genetic gain in first lactation traits, viz. 305DMY, ADMY, and CFI. In method I, generation interval was decreased as well as increased for estimating expected genetic gain. Using method I, expected genetic gain increased by about 33, 33, and 43% for 305DMY, ADMY, and CFI with the reduction of generation interval (GI) from 5.31 to 4 years, whereas the expected genetic gain decreased by about 11, 17 and 14% for the above-mentioned traits, respectively, with the increase of GI from 5.31 to 6 years. In method II, with the increase of selection intensity and reduction of GI, a significant increase in ΔG/year for 305DMY, ADMY, and CFI was observed. Present study indicated that generation interval and proportion of Sahiwal animals selected should be less than 5 years and 75%, respectively, for achieving more than 50% expected ΔG/year for 305DMY, ADMY, and CFI in an organized herd.
Penguatan Tata Kelola Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Kegiatan Pada Organisasi
Authors: Carmidah Carmidah  
Published: November 2022

Pentingnya membuat laporan pertanggungjawaban dalam setiap kegiatan organisasi maka laporan pertanggungjawaban memang harus dibuat sebaik mungkin sehingga bisa meyakinkan semua orang yang berkepentingan terhadap laporan tersebut. Untuk mewujudkan transparansi, partisipasi dan akuntabilitas sebuah laporan kegiatan maka diperlukan kepekaan dalam sebuah organisasi untuk menjalankan tata kelola penyusunan laporan pertanggunjawaban kegiatan. Tidak terkecuali kampus yang merupakan organisasi sektor publik dan didalamnya terdapat organisasi kemahasiswaan yang memiliki banyak program kerja dengan tujuan yang jelas dalam menjalankan organisasi dan menuntut adanya kemampuan dalam menyusun rencana keuangan dan laporan pertanggungjawaban yang benar. Oleh karena itu melalui kegiatan pemaparan materi tentang pentingnya tata kelola laporan pertanggungjawaban kegiatan pada organisasi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman pentingnya pembuatan laporan keuangan yang benar dan sesuai dengan standar sehingga profesionalitas dan kesehatan organisasi bisa diukur.
Differences in leaf and root litter decomposition in tropical montane rainforests are mediated by soil microorganisms not by decomposer microarthropods
Authors: Sánchez-Galindo Laura M. , Sandmann Dorothee , Marian Franca , Lauermann Tobias , Maraun Mark , Scheu Stefan 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPlant litter decomposition is a key process in carbon and nutrient cycling. Among the factors determining litter decomposition rates, the role of soil biota in the decomposition of different plant litter types and its modification by variations in climatic conditions is not well understood.MethodsIn this study, we used litterbags with different mesh sizes (45 µm, 1 mm and 4 mm) to investigate the effect of microorganisms and decomposer microarthropods on leaf and root litter decomposition along an altitudinal gradient of tropical montane rainforests in Ecuador. We examined decomposition rates, litter C and N concentrations, microbial biomass and activity, as well as decomposer microarthropod abundance over one year of exposure at three different altitudes (1,000, 2,000 and 3,000 m).ResultsLeaf litter mass loss did not differ between the 1,000 and 2,000 m sites, while root litter mass loss decreased with increasing altitude. Changes in microbial biomass and activity paralleled the changes in litter decomposition rates. Access of microarthropods to litterbags only increased root litter mass loss significantly at 3,000 m. The results suggest that the impacts of climatic conditions differentially affect the decomposition of leaf and root litter, and these modifications are modulated by the quality of the local litter material. The findings also highlight litter quality as the dominant force structuring detritivore communities. Overall, the results support the view that microorganisms mostly drive decomposition processes in tropical montane rainforests with soil microarthropods playing a more important role in decomposing low-quality litter material.
Iron and Zinc Bio-fortification through Agronomic Intervention in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Sheshrao Hanwate Pavankumar , Kumar Sunil , Gajanand . , Birla Devilal , Choudhary Sanju , Singh Devendra 
Published: November 2022

Essential micronutrients are required for humans to sustain proper physiological body processes and a healthy health condition. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron, zinc, and iodine, create global health concerns for people. Zinc and iron deficiency are frequent in chickpea growing regions across the world. Bio-fortification of pulse grains, especially with Fe and Zn by agronomic bio-fortification, is the simplest, most practical, and quickest method. During the Rabi season of 2019–20, a field experiment was done at the Bairiya Dhab Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India, to find out effect on chickpea genotypes when Zn and Fe were added to the soil and the leaves. Two genotypes (GCP-105 and GNG-2264) and seven fertilization treatments (control, 0.5% Zn, 0.5% Fe, soil application of Zn and Fe, 25 and 15 kg/ha, respectively) were used in a split plot design with three replications. The GNG-2264 variety had a significantly higher plant height, yield and yield characteristics, such as number of pods per plant, test weight, seed and straw yield and economics viz. gross return, net return (62860 and 37986 ₹/ha), and B: C ratio (2.52) than GCP-105. Among the fertilization treatments, RDF + Zn (0.5%) and Fe (0.5%) foliar spraying at the pre-flowering and pod development stage recorded significantly higher growth and yield parameters viz., plant height (59.89 cm), number of pods/plant (22.31), seed yield (1283 kg/ha) and straw yields 2433 kg/ha), and quality parameters such as zinc and iron content in seed (31.84 and 17.40 ppm) and straw (72.26, 21.79 ppm, respectively) and economics in term of gross return, net return, and B: C ratio.
Yield and Economics of Kharif Onion (Allium cepa L.) under Front Line Demonstration in Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Srivastva Rajneesh , Meena Kamlesh , Tiwari Ajay , Singh Neeraj , Behera T. K. 
Published: November 2022

Aim: To disseminate the technology among the farmers through front line demonstration on Kharif onions for enhanced the production and fetching the more income.
Study Design: Not applicable.
Place and Duration of Study: ICAR-IIVR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Deoria, conducted front-line demonstrations on kharif onion at farmers' fields during the kharif season 2017, 2018, and 2019.
Methodology: Conducted 33 front-line demonstrations at farmers' fields during the study period. The yield data were recorded.
Results: To increase the output of onions through enhanced production technology, 33 front line demonstration on kharif onion were conducted. According to the demonstrations that were undertaken, the improved variety of kharif onions (NHRDF Agrifound dark Red) produced an average yield of 274.4 q/ha, which was greater than the average yield of check (N-53) i.e. 228.83 q/ha. The average yield improvement over farmer techniques was 19.91%. It was noted that the average extension gap was 45.57 q/ha. The economics of the data showed that, on average, in demonstrations, gross returns were (277453.3/ha), net returns were (191184/ha), and benefit cost ratio was (3.2) as opposed to check (Niphad-53), where gross returns were 204160/ha, net returns were 122423.3/ha and benefit cost ratio was (2.5).
Conclusion: The average yield enhancement over farmer techniques was 19.91%. It was noted that the average extension gap was 45.57 q/ha. The economics of the data showed that, on average, in demonstrations, gross returns were (277453.3/ha), net returns were (191184/ha), and benefit cost ratio was (3.2). Front line demonstration is one of the most important tools for technology transfer to the farmers at the grassroots level that has a significant effect on the horizontal spread of technology as well as build up the strong interaction with the farmer communities.
Temperature‐related fluid extravasation during cardiopulmonary bypass: An analysis of filtration coefficients and transcapillary pressures
Authors: Heltne J. K. , Bert J. , Lund T. , Koller M.‐E. , Farstad M. , Rynning S. E. , Husby P. 
Published: July 2002

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as used for cardiac surgery and for rewarming individuals suffering deep accidental hypothermia is held responsible for changes in microvascular fluid exchange often leading to edema and organ dysfunction. The purpose of this work is to improve our understanding of fluid pathophysiology and to explore the implications of the changes in determinants of transcapillary fluid exchange during CPB with and without hypothermia. This investigation might give indications on where to focus attention to reduce fluid extravasation during CPB.Methods: Published data on “Starling variables” as well as reported changes in fluid extravasation, tissue fluid contents and lymph flow were analyzed together with assumed/estimated values for variables not measured. The analysis was based on the Starling hypothesis where the transcapillary fluid filtration rate is given by:JV=Kf[Pc−Pi−σ(COPp−COPi)]. Here Kf is the capillary filtration coefficient, σ the reflection coefficient, P and COP are hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressures, and subscript ‘c’ refers to capillary, ‘i` to the interstitium and `p’ to plasma.Results and conclusion: The analysis indicates that attempts to limit fluid extravasation during normothermic CPB should address primarily changes in Kf, while changes in both Kf and Pc must be considered during hypothermic CPB.
Neuroanatomy of the penile portion of the human dorsal nerve of the penis
Authors: Yang  , Bradley  
Published: July 2002

Objective To determine the distribution of the dorsal nerve of the penis (DNP), the principal somatosensory nerve innervating the phallus, along the penile shaft and within the glans penis.Materials and methods The DNP was dissected in human autopsy specimens, using low magnification, following the course of the nerve from the symphysis pubis into the glans penis.Results The shaft and glans were innervated by separate populations of axons. The lateral and ventral portions of the penile shaft were innervated by branches arcading from the dorsal midline radiating toward the ventral surface. These branches were very variable and some were seen to penetrate the corpus spongiosum. The axons innervating the glans were constant in a dorsal, midline location along most of the penile shaft, and once within the glans, there was abundant branching. Undulations in the nerves were noted along the penile shaft.Conclusions The lateral arcading branches of the DNP provide a sensory pathway on the ventral and lateral penile shaft, and the termination of the fibres at the corpus spongiosum is consistent with pudendal innervation of the penile urethra. The distinct pattern of innervation of the glans emphasizes the role of the glans as a sensory structure. These findings may aid in planning penile surgical procedures.
Two Distinct Pathways for Targeting Proteins from the Cytoplasm to the Vacuole/Lysosome
Authors: Baba Misuzu , Osumi Masako , Scott Sidney V. , Klionsky Daniel J. , Ohsumi Yoshinori 
Published: July 2002

Stress conditions lead to a variety of physiological responses at the cellular level. Autophagy is an essential process used by animal, plant, and fungal cells that allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of nutrient limitation and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. To elucidate the molecular basis of autophagic protein transport to the vacuole/lysosome, we have undertaken a morphological and biochemical analysis of this pathway in yeast.
Using the vacuolar hydrolase aminopeptidase I (API) as a marker, we provide evidence that the autophagic pathway overlaps with the biosynthetic pathway, cytoplasm to vacuole targeting (Cvt), used for API import. Before targeting, the precursor form of API is localized mostly in restricted regions of the cytosol as a complex with spherical particles (termed Cvt complex). During vegetative growth, the Cvt complex is selectively wrapped by a membrane sac forming a double membrane-bound structure of ∼150 nm diam, which then fuses with the vacuolar membrane. This process is topologically the same as macroautophagy induced under starvation conditions in yeast (Baba, M., K. Takeshige, N. Baba, and Y. Ohsumi. 1994. J. Cell Biol. 124:903–913). However, in contrast with autophagy, API import proceeds constitutively in growing conditions. This is the first demonstration of the use of an autophagy-like mechanism for biosynthetic delivery of a vacuolar hydrolase. Another important finding is that when cells are subjected to starvation conditions, the Cvt complex is now taken up by an autophagosome that is much larger and contains other cytosolic components; depending on environmental conditions, the cell uses an alternate pathway to sequester the Cvt complex and selectively deliver API to the vacuole. Together these results indicate that two related but distinct autophagy-like processes are involved in both biogenesis of vacuolar resident proteins and sequestration of substrates to be degraded.
The McKay correspondence as an equivalence of derived categories
Authors: Bridgeland Tom , King Alastair , Reid Miles 
Published: July 2002

Let

G
G

be a finite group of automorphisms of a nonsingular three-dimensional complex variety

M
M

, whose canonical bundle

ω
M

\omega _M

is locally trivial as a

G
G

-sheaf. We prove that the Hilbert scheme

Y
=
G

Y = G

-

Hilb
⁡
M

\operatorname {Hilb}M

parametrising

G
G

-clusters in

M
M

is a crepant resolution of

X
=
M

/

G

X=M/G

and that there is a derived equivalence (Fourier–Mukai transform) between coherent sheaves on

Y
Y

and coherent 𝐺-sheaves

on

M
M

. This identifies the K theory of

Y
Y

with the equivariant K theory of

M
M

, and thus generalises the classical McKay correspondence. Some higher-dimensional extensions are possible.
Non-linear optimization of biochemical pathways: applications to metabolic engineering and parameter estimation.
Authors: Mendes P , Kell D 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
MOTIVATION: The simulation of biochemical kinetic systems is a powerful approach that can be used for: (i) checking the consistency of a postulated model with a set of experimental measurements, (ii) answering 'what if?' questions and (iii) exploring possible behaviours of a model. Here we describe a generic approach to combine numerical optimization methods with biochemical kinetic simulations, which is suitable for use in the rational design of improved metabolic pathways with industrial significance (metabolic engineering) and for solving the inverse problem of metabolic pathways, i.e. the estimation of parameters from measured variables. RESULTS: We discuss the suitability of various optimization methods, focusing especially on their ability or otherwise to find global optima. We recommend that a suite of diverse optimization methods should be available in simulation software as no single one performs best for all problems. We describe how we have implemented such a simulation-optimization strategy in the biochemical kinetics simulator Gepasi and present examples of its application. AVAILABILITY: The new version of Gepasi (3.20), incorporating the methodology described here, is available on the Internet at http://gepasi.dbs.aber.ac.uk/softw/Gepasi. html. CONTACT: prm@aber.ac.uk