bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arm heating to relieve Raynaud’s phenomenon in systemic sclerosis: A single-arm multicentre prospective clinical trial
Authors: Watanabe Akane , Shima Yoshihito , Takahashi Hiroki , Akiyama Yuji , Kodera Masanari , Jinnin Masatoshi , Azuma Naoto , Ishii Koji , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Raynaud’s phenomenon, one of the major symptoms of systemic sclerosis (SSc), is difficult to treat. Although it is empirically considered that warming is a beneficial technique, there is no supportive evidence. We conducted a multicentre study to evaluate whether continuous heating of the arm alleviates Raynaud’s phenomenon in SSc.

Methods
A pair of disposable warmers was applied to the upper arm near the elbow of patients with SSc. Two weeks of non-warmer application were followed by 2 weeks of warmer application, which was repeated twice. The Raynaud Condition Score (RCS), number of episodes, and duration of Raynaud’s phenomenon were recorded. The differences in the mean RCS, frequency, and duration of Raynaud’s phenomenon between the warmer application and non-application periods were analysed.

Results
Twenty-eight patients were included in the analysis. The average RCS was 1.98 and 2.66 during the warmer application and non-application periods, respectively. The change between the two periods was statistically significant by paired t-test. In addition, the frequency and total duration of Raynaud’s phenomenon in the warmer application period were significantly lower than those in the non-application period.

Conclusions
Heating of the upper arm near the elbow is effective in alleviating Raynaud’s phenomenon in SSc.
Associations Between E-cigarettes and Subsequent Cocaine Use in Adolescence: An Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Silva Constanza P , Maggs Jennifer L , Kelly Brian C , Vuolo Mike , Staff Jeremy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Nicotine exposure via early combustible cigarette smoking can prime the adolescent brain for subsequent cocaine use. However, there is limited evidence whether e-cigarette use, a nicotine delivery system that is increasingly popular among youth, is associated with later cocaine use. We examine the association between e-cigarette use by the age of 14 years and cocaine use by the age of 17 years.

Aims and Methods
The Millennium Cohort Study is a nationally representative sample of 18 552 9-month-old children born between September 2000 and January 2002 in the United Kingdom. Follow-up interviews and surveys were collected from children and their caregivers at modal ages 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, and 17 years. Our analytic sample included 340 youth who had used e-cigarettes by age 14 years (exposure variable), matched using coarsened exact matching, to 4867 nicotine naïve youth on childhood common liability confounders and demographics measured from infancy to age 11. The outcome was cocaine use by the modal age of 17 years.

Results
Of the 5207 successfully matched youth, 7.6% of adolescent e-cigarette users by age 14 years used cocaine by age 17 years versus 3.1% of non-e-cigarette users. Multivariable logistic regression in the matched sample indicated that e-cigarette use by age 14 years was associated with 2.7 times higher odds of cocaine use by age 17 years (95% CI, 1.75 to 4.28).

Conclusions
These findings in a UK sample showed that e-cigarette use in early adolescence is associated with higher odds of cocaine use later in adolescence, similar to risks posed by tobacco cigarette smoking.

Implications
In this large-scale prospective cohort study (n = 5207), youth who had used e-cigarettes by the age of 14 years were matched to nicotine naïve youth on childhood common liability confounders and demographics measured from infancy to age 11 years (e.g. school engagement, risk-taking propensity, delinquency, peer and parental smoking, parental educational attainment). After matching, 7.6% of age 14 years e-cigarette users had subsequently used cocaine by the age of 17 years versus 3.1% of non-e-cigarette users. Although e-cigarettes are promoted as a strategy for nicotine-dependent users to reduce the harms of combustible cigarettes, the evidence here suggests that for nicotine naïve youth, they may increase the risk of subsequent cocaine use.
Pentecostal and Charismatic Theology
Authors: Macchia Frank D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pentecostalism began early in the twentieth century in the humble beginnings of a Kansas Bible school and, especially important for its transformation into a global movement, in the Apostolic Faith Mission on Asuza Street in Los Angeles under the leadership of William J. Seymour. However, these humble beginnings among the Pentecostals stood in stark contrast to the vastness of their eschatological vision. Their doctrine of Spirit baptism, especially as evidenced by tongues (Acts 2:4), became most controversial among Christians who came into contact with the growing movement. This article discusses the discovery of eschatology among scholars of Pentecostalism as the overall context in which to understand the distinctive elements of Pentecostal theology. It then explores in light of that discussion the major issues involved in substantively constructing a Pentecostal eschatology. It also analyzes the coming of Jesus Christ, otherworldliness, and salvation.
Church, Ecumenism, and Eschatology
Authors: Farrow Douglas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A teleological approach to ecumenism is directed precisely to making the partial communion existing between Christians grow towards full communion in truth and charity. But a sound ecumenism must be eschatological as well as teleological. Indeed, it must be eschatological if it is to continue being teleological. If teleology occupies itself with the divine imperative of growth in unity and communion, eschatology occupies itself with the conditions that pertain in the fulfillment of that imperative. It takes account of the Catholic Church's situation in the last times—or of history's new situation in the time of the church—and of its expectation of the last things. The modern ecumenical movement has from the beginning suffered from designs and agendas that fall short of full respect for the divine imperative. One root of the problem is the failure of eschatological nerve in the West, particularly in the liberal Protestantism shaped by Friedrich Schleiermacher's landmark work, The Christian Faith.
Eschatology and Resurrection
Authors: Davis Stephen T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Christianity holds that human history and the creation itself are moving in a certain direction. This article is about resurrection, a concept that is firmly embedded in Christian teaching and is crucial to the entire Christian plan of salvation, including eschatology. It discusses four afterlife theories (death ends all, reincarnation, immortality, resurrection) and their relationship to eschatology, and examines Christian teachings about resurrection, both the resurrection of Jesus and the resurrection of everybody else (the “general resurrection”). It compares four quite different ways of understanding the general resurrection in classical and current Christian thought. It then emphasizes the fact that the Christian notion of resurrection has virtually always been bodily resurrection. In addition, it considers the link between resurrection and contemporary cosmology and comments on the negative eschatological views of those cosmologists who hold that the universe, in its distant future, will pass out of existence from heat death or freezing. Finally, the article discusses the relationship between resurrection and what has been called “the beatific vision.”.
Purgatory
Authors: Griffiths Paul J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The English word “purgatory” is a technical term belonging to Christian doctrine. As such, it translates the Latin purgatorium and means “place of purification,” a place in which whatever impurities you suffer are removed. In its most general Christian doctrinal sense, the word denotes a place (or condition or state) entered at death, remained in for a time, and then left for heaven. Purgatory's inhabitants are in an intermediate state between death and heaven. They are in heaven's antechamber, preparing for eternal, loving intimacy with God. Purgatory is like heaven in being bound irreversibly to salvation, like hell in intensity of suffering, and like earthly life in being ordered around the purification of sin by penance through time. It is the thread that binds heaven, hell, and earthly life together, conceptually speaking. This article examines the concept of purgatory and the Christian reasons for affirming (such as prayer for the dead) or denying (especially by Protestants) its existence. It also discusses the treatment of purgatory in Dante Alighieri's Commedia and the link between purgatory and eschatology.
Eschatology and Politics
Authors: Webb Stephen H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
No theologian has done more to show the political significance of eschatology than Jürgen Moltmann. For Moltmann, the subject matter of all theology should be focused on hope, and eschatology is the doctrine where Christian hope is most explicitly formulated. Moreover, Moltmann thinks that hope, more than love, is the Christian virtue most relevant for politics. If God intervenes at the end of history in order to silence all of our struggles and passions, then history is rendered meaningless. Moltmann identifies this catastrophic version of eschatology with apocalypticism. Moltmann did not repudiate liberation theology's advocacy of socialism as the primary means for advancing the kingdom agenda. In The Coming of God, Moltmann clarified his distinction between eschatology and apocalypticism by addressing the issue of millennialism. This article examines eschatology and politics, focusing on the views of Moltmann and the alternative views of George Weigel, Wolfhart Pannenberg, and Oliver O'Donovan. It also discusses providence versus eschatology and Whittaker Chambers's views on the eschatological challenge of Communism, as well as the politics of progressive premillennialism.
Eschatology and Epistemology
Authors: Abraham William J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Eschatology represents the climax of a rich narrative of creation and redemption in which God as supreme agent preserves and restores the world from its collapse into sin and death. Eschatological claims have been deeply contested in Christian theology and philosophy in the recent past. In part, the worries about eschatology have often been driven by epistemological concerns that have deep roots in the beginning of modern philosophy. Some leading theologians have made eschatology the heartbeat of their theology, as in the case of Jürgen Moltmann. Wolfhart Pannenberg went further and made it central to his epistemology of theology. Epistemology is generally understood as the critical investigation of rationality, justification, and knowledge. While the intellectual omnicompetence of natural science has always been challenged, eschatology in the modern period has lived under the shadow of forms of positivism that have materially and formally cast doubt on its intrinsic credibility. The retrieval of a robust vision of eschatology goes hand in hand with the retrieval of a substantial vision of divine revelation.
Eschatology in Fine Art
Authors: Hornik Heidi J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article discusses eschatology in fine art, focusing primarily on Christian eschatology during the medieval and Renaissance periods. When one thinks of eschatology in the field of art history, the examples chosen are from this period in Western culture. This article compares several eschatological themes and their changes in respect to history, culture, and changing doctrinal issues. The “four last things” (death, judgment, heaven, and hell) summarize Catholic eschatology today. In the medieval and Renaissance worlds, the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church dominated the artist's individual eschatology with its concerns about death; particular judgment; heaven, or eternal happiness; purgatory, or the intermediate state; and hell, or eternal punishment. It is logical then that the art of this time period can be divided according to these subject areas: the crucifixion and resurrection, the harrowing of hell, the last judgment with depictions of heaven and hell, scenes from the Book of Revelation, the approach of the end of the world, and the new Jerusalem.
Conclusion: Emerging Issues in Eschatology in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Bauckham Richard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe most widely influential Christian theological work on eschatology in the later part of the twentieth century was undoubtedly that of Jürgen Moltmann. All theological eschatology in the early twenty-first century must be in at least implicit dialogue with Moltmann, however much, with Miroslav Volf, himself a pupil of Moltmann, it may situate itself “after Moltmann.” The kind of eschatology that Moltmann develops in his rich and complex book, The Coming of God: Christian Eschatology can be grouped into seven: Christological eschatology, integrative eschatology, redemptive eschatology, processive eschatology, theocentric eschatology, contextual eschatology, and politically and pastorally responsible eschatology. This article discusses emerging issues in eschatology in the twenty-first century, Christian eschatology and the metanarratives of progress, the myth of progress in the twenty-first century, the challenge of postmodernism, and eschatology and the arts.
An Exploration of Care Mapping Among Families of Children with Medical Complexity (CMC)
Authors: Adams S , Nicholas D , Weiser N , Mahant S , Kanani R , Boydell K , Cohen E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: A care map is a visual diagram that illustrates all of the resources needed to support a child with medical complexity, providing a contextualized view of the child in a broader health network. It is believed that health care providers (HCPs) can utilize care maps to enable child and family centered care by helping families prioritize and coordinate their health needs. While the popularity of care maps has been growing, there is a paucity of research on their clinical usefulness.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to explore how care maps are constructed by parents, what they mean for parents and HCPs, and how they can be applied in a clinical setting.
DESIGN/METHODS: This is a qualitative study informed by a grounded theory approach. Theoretical sampling of parents and HCPs of CMC was utilized. Fifteen care map training sessions and forty-five semi-structured interviews with parents and HCPs of CMC were conducted. The data was coded and analyzed iteratively for predominant themes and emerging theory.
RESULTS: Both HCPs and parents strongly identified the care map [Figure 1] as a valuable tool in the care of CMC. Data analysis revealed key themes that demonstrated how and why care maps are useful. Care maps allow HCPs to recognize family experiences, identify parental goals of care and promote improved care coordination and communication. Parents described creating care maps as an empowering and therapeutic process that helped them to organize and communicate their complex interplay of supports. Both parents and HCPs acknowledged challenges associated with care mapping including the ability of parents to create a care map as well as the HCPs ability to independently interpret the care map’s meaning.
CONCLUSION: Care maps are a useful communication and coordination tool to demonstrate a contextualized view of a family’s narrative of their experience caring for a CMC. Findings may inform a model of how to utilize care maps in clinical practice.
Urine Clean Catch Collection in the Paediatric Emergency Department: Success, Time to Void and Contamination Rates
Authors: Kaufman J , Tosif S , Fitzpatrick P , Donath S , Hopper S , Bryant P , Babl F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Young children frequently require investigation for urinary tract infection (UTI). Clean catch urine (CCU) is a common urine collection method in pre-continent children but can be time consuming or unsuccessful, and contaminated cultures may lead to an inability to diagnose or exclude UTI. There are few data available examining the success and time required for CCU and factors influencing contamination. We hypothesise that time taken to obtain CCU influences contamination, due to accidental contamination during collection.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the time taken to obtain CCU in pre-conti-nent children, and if time to collection is related to the contamination rate.
DESIGN/METHODS: Prospective observational study of CCU collection in pre-continent children aged 2-48 months at a paediatric emergency department in Australia. A standardised CCU collection protocol was used. Primary outcome was time to first void; secondary outcomes were success of obtaining (catching) CCU and contamination of urine cultures obtained. Contamination was defined as per hospital microbiology standards. Descriptive analysis of time to void included median and interquartile range (IQR). We performed a regression analysis of key factors possibly related to contamination, including age, sex and time to collection.
RESULTS: Of the 218 recruited patients, 61% were male, mean age 11.4 months (SD 8.5). The main indication for CCU was: 128 fever of unknown origin (59%), 31 vomiting (14%), 27 specifically suspected UTI (12%), 32 other reason (15%). From first CCU attempt, 174 voided (80%) of which 139 were successful catches (64%) and 34 were missed on voiding (16%). 44 first CCU attempts were stopped before voiding (20%), 26 patients had 2 attempts (12%), and 2 patients had 3 CCU attempts (1%). Median time to first void was 25 minutes (IQR 8 – 49). 27 children (12%) voided &lt;5 minutes, 33 (19%) voided &gt;1hr. Of the 130 patients who had urine culture results available, 50 were contaminated (38%). There was no significant difference in contamination rate by age, sex or time to sample collection. Of 218 patients where ED clinicians set out to collect CCU in the emergency department, only 80 (37%) resulted in a successful CCU attempt with an uncontaminated culture.
CONCLUSION: Contamination rates are high in clean catch urine, but not related to the time taken for sample collection. CCU attempts are often unsuccessful, and have a low diagnostic yield for investigation of UTI in young children in clinical practice.
INOSITOL (1,3,4) TRIPHOSPHATE 5/6 KINASE1-dependent inositol polyphosphates regulate auxin responses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Laha Nargis Parvin , Giehl Ricardo F H , Riemer Esther , Qiu Danye , Pullagurla Naga Jyothi , Schneider Robin , Dhir Yashika Walia , Yadav Ranjana , Mihiret Yeshambel Emewodih , Gaugler Philipp , Gaugler Verena , Mao Haibin , Zheng Ning , von Wirén Nicolaus , Saiardi Adolfo , Bhattacharjee Saikat , Jessen Henning J , Laha Debabrata , Schaaf Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The combinatorial phosphorylation of myo-inositol results in the generation of different inositol phosphates (InsPs), of which phytic acid (InsP6) is the most abundant species in eukaryotes. InsP6 is also an important precursor of the higher phosphorylated inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs), such as InsP7 and InsP8, which are characterized by a diphosphate moiety and are also ubiquitously found in eukaryotic cells. While PP-InsPs regulate various cellular processes in animals and yeast, their biosynthesis and functions in plants has remained largely elusive because plant genomes do not encode canonical InsP6 kinases. Recent work has shown that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) INOSITOL (1,3,4) TRIPHOSPHATE 5/6 KINASE1 (ITPK1) and ITPK2 display in vitro InsP6 kinase activity and that, in planta, ITPK1 stimulates 5-InsP7 and InsP8 synthesis and regulates phosphate starvation responses. Here we report a critical role of ITPK1 in auxin-related processes that is independent of the ITPK1-controlled regulation of phosphate starvation responses. Those processes include primary root elongation, root hair development, leaf venation, thermomorphogenic and gravitropic responses, and sensitivity to exogenously applied auxin. We found that the recombinant auxin receptor complex, consisting of the F-Box protein TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1 (TIR1), ARABIDOPSIS SKP1 HOMOLOG 1 (ASK1), and the transcriptional repressor INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 7 (IAA7), binds to anionic inositol polyphosphates with high affinity. We further identified a physical interaction between ITPK1 and TIR1, suggesting a localized production of 5-InsP7, or another ITPK1-dependent InsP/PP-InsP isomer, to activate the auxin receptor complex. Finally, we demonstrate that ITPK1 and ITPK2 function redundantly to control auxin responses, as deduced from the auxin-insensitive phenotypes of itpk1 itpk2 double mutant plants. Our findings expand the mechanistic understanding of auxin perception and suggest that distinct inositol polyphosphates generated near auxin receptors help to fine-tune auxin sensitivity in plants.
Lignocellulose molecular assembly and deconstruction properties of lignin-altered rice mutants
Authors: Martin Andri Fadillah , Tobimatsu Yuki , Lam Pui Ying , Matsumoto Naoyuki , Tanaka Takuto , Suzuki Shiro , Kusumi Ryosuke , Miyamoto Takuji , Takeda-Kimura Yuri , Yamamura Masaomi , Koshiba Taichi , Osakabe Keishi , Osakabe Yuriko , Sakamoto Masahiro , Umezawa Toshiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBioengineering approaches to modify lignin content and structure in plant cell walls have shown promise for facilitating biochemical conversions of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable chemicals. Despite numerous research efforts, however, the effect of altered lignin chemistry on the supramolecular assembly of lignocellulose and consequently its deconstruction in lignin-modified transgenic and mutant plants is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to close this gap by analyzing lignin-modified rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants deficient in 5-HYDROXYCONIFERALDEHYDE O-METHYLTRANSFERASE (CAldOMT) and CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (CAD). A set of rice mutants harboring knockout mutations in either or both OsCAldOMT1 and OsCAD2 was generated in part by genome editing and subjected to comparative cell wall chemical and supramolecular structure analyses. In line with the proposed functions of CAldOMT and CAD in grass lignin biosynthesis, OsCAldOMT1-deficient mutant lines produced altered lignins depleted of syringyl and tricin units and incorporating noncanonical 5-hydroxyguaiacyl units, whereas OsCAD2-deficient mutant lines produced lignins incorporating noncanonical hydroxycinnamaldehyde-derived units. All tested OsCAldOMT1- and OsCAD2-deficient mutants, especially OsCAldOMT1-deficient lines, displayed enhanced cell wall saccharification efficiency. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray diffraction analyses of rice cell walls revealed that both OsCAldOMT1- and OsCAD2 deficiencies contributed to the disruptions of the cellulose crystalline network. Further, OsCAldOMT1 deficiency contributed to the increase of the cellulose molecular mobility more prominently than OsCAD2 deficiency, resulting in apparently more loosened lignocellulose molecular assembly. Such alterations in cell wall chemical and supramolecular structures may in part account for the variations of saccharification performance of the OsCAldOMT1- and OsCAD2-deficient rice mutants.