bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal dynamics of soil bacterial network regulate soil resistomes
Authors: Xiang Qian , Zhu Dong , Qiao Min , Yang Xiao‐Ru , Li Gang , Chen Qing‐Lin , Zhu Yong‐Guan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoil bacteria are diverse and form complicated ecological networks through various microbial interactions, which play important roles in soil multi‐functionality. However, the seasonal effects on the bacterial network, especially the relationship between bacterial network topological features and soil resistomes remains underexplored, which impedes our ability to unveil the mechanisms of the temporal‐dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, a field investigation was conducted across four seasons at the watershed scale. We observed significant seasonal variation in bacterial networks, with lower complexity and stability in autumn, and a wider bacterial community niche in summer. Similar to bacterial communities, the co‐occurrence networks among ARGs also shift with seasonal change, particularly with respect to the topological features of the node degree, which on average was higher in summer than in the other seasons. Furthermore, the nodes with higher betweenness, stress, degree, and closeness centrality in the bacterial network showed strong relationships with the 10 major classes of ARGs. These findings highlighted the changes in the topological properties of bacterial networks that could further alter antibiotic resistance in soil. Together, our results reveal the temporal dynamics of bacterial ecological networks at the watershed scale, and provide new insights into antibiotic resistance management under environmental changes.
Species distribution modelling of the endangered Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) reveals key areas for targeted survey and conservation
Authors: Chang Yiyin , Bertola Lorenzo V. , Hoskin Conrad J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) is one of the most endangered marsupials in Australia. Its known distribution is an approximately 120 km strip of fragmented coastal woodland in north‐east Queensland, from north of Townsville to the Tully area. Records are clustered in a number of well‐surveyed areas, with significant areas of lowland habitat unsurveyed. Around 30% of historic records fall in areas that were subsequently cleared for farmland, and ongoing clearing and fragmentation of lowland sclerophyll forest continues within the potential distribution. Resolving the distribution is an urgent requirement to guide conservation but Mahogany Gliders are difficult to detect in the field. Species distribution modelling offers a technique for estimating the fine‐scale distribution and for targeting further field survey and conservation efforts. We used known occurrence records (N = 481) to predict the distribution of Mahogany Gliders across the Wet Tropics bioregion. We used climatic, topographic and other environmental predictors to generate distribution models using Maxent and Random Forest algorithms, each with two bias correction methods. The predictions revealed that many unknown populations may exist within the currently defined distribution and in important areas beyond this (e.g. Hinchinbrook Island). There was reasonable congruence between models, and we include syntheses of the models to present the most likely current distribution. The most important predictor variables across the models were precipitation seasonality (high seasonality), elevation (generally <100 m), soil type (hydrosols) and vegetation type (including Eucalyptus and Melaleuca woodlands). Our results identify core habitat and reveal key areas that require targeted field surveys. Importantly, the predicted suitable habitat is highly fragmented and ongoing conservation efforts need to improve habitat connectivity and limit further fragmentation.
Chemical peels for atrophic acne scarring: Evolution of peel types and methods
Authors: Sun Cong , Lim Davin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a common condition among those of adolescent age. Prolonged inflammation associated with the disease can result in substantial scaring which is detrimental to both the physical and psychological well‐being of the patient. Chemical peels are a commonly used treatment modality for acne scarring that is widely available and can be administered with a low associated cost. This article aims to illustrate the current best practice and highlight new advances in chemical peeling in the treatment of acne scarring.
High‐risk HPV testing vs liquid‐based cytology for cervical cancer screening among 25‐ to 30‐year‐old women: A historical cohort study
Authors: Feldstein Ohad , Gali‐Zamir Hadar , Schejter Eduardo , Feinberg Tali , Yehuda‐Shnaidman Einav , Bornstein Jacob , Levy Tally 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionHigh‐risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) DNA testing is more sensitive than cytology screening, achieving greater protection against cervical cancer. Controversy exists regarding the preferred screening method for women 25–30 years of age. At this age, infection with HPV is common and usually transient. Consequently, hrHPV screening in this age group is fraught with high false‐positive screening results, leading to more colposcopies and unnecessary treatments with the potential for harm. In the present study, we aimed to compare the results of two screening methods in relation to high‐grade cervical intraepithelial lesion detection rate in the young age group of 25–30 years.Material and methodsRetrospective information on cervical cytology, hrHPV testing, colposcopy referrals and histologic results, from one screening round, were retrieved from the Maccabi HealthCare Health Maintenance Organization centralized database during the study period from March 1, 2017 to April 1, 2019 for 25‐ to 30‐year‐old women. Screening with hrHPV testing for types 16, 18 and 12 other hrHPV types was compared with the conventional PAP liquid‐based cytology (LBC) test. Odds ratio (OR) of detection with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or higher (CIN 3+).ResultsDuring the study period, 42 244 women 25–30 years old underwent cervical cancer screening; of them, 20 997 were screened with LBC between March 1, 2017 and March 1, 2018 and compared with 21 247 who were screened with hrHPV between April 1, 2018 and April 1, 2019. Testing for hrHPV resulted in a higher colposcopy referral rate compared with primary LBC screening: 9.8% vs 7.8%, respectively; (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.2–1.37; p < 0.001). Screening with hrHPV led to significantly higher detection of CIN 3+ lesions (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.6; p < 0.001) compared with LBC. HPV infections with non‐16/18 hrHPV (other hrHPV) were the most prevalent (84.8%).ConclusionsIn women 25–30 years old, primary hrHPV screening was associated with a higher detection rate of CIN 3+ compared with cytology screening and should be considered for primary screening in this age group.
Do nutrition knowledge, food preferences, and habit strength moderate the association between preference for intuition and deliberation in eating decision‐making and dietary intake?
Authors: Sproesser Gudrun , Aulbach Matthias , Gültzow Thomas , König Laura M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn intuitive style in eating decision‐making, for example, basing decisions on one's gut feeling, has been related to a less healthy diet, whereas deliberately deciding what to eat, such as making plans about eating behavior, has been related to a healthier diet. The present study investigated whether nutrition knowledge, food preferences, and habit strength for healthy and unhealthy eating moderate these relationships. In total, 1245 participants took part in a preregistered cross‐sectional online survey. Results revealed that neither nutrition knowledge, nor liking of healthy or unhealthy foods, nor habit strength for healthy or unhealthy eating interacted with the preference for intuition or deliberation in eating decision‐making in affecting dietary intake (βs ≤ |.06|; ts ≤ |2.11|; ps ≥ .035). Instead, including the potential moderating variables in analyses rendered the effect of a preference for intuition largely non‐significant. In contrast, the positive effect of a preference for deliberation was largely stable even when including the potential moderating variables. Thus, the present study confirms the general health‐promoting effect of a preference for deliberation in eating decision‐making. In contrast, results speak in favor of a generally minor role of a preference for intuition for healthy or unhealthy eating.
Unilateral BIPORTAL endoscopic translaminar approach to treat up‐migrated lumbar disc herniation: 12 cases report
Authors: Moon Kang Suk , Jeong MinSeung , Lee Sang‐Ho , Baek Oon‐Ki , Villanueva Solórzano Pedro Leonardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere are difficulties on removing migrated disc herniation (MDH) using a microscope. The purpose of this study was to introduce a unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) translaminar approach to treat up‐migrated lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Patients and MethodsA total of 12 patients from March 2021 to February 2022 with up‐migrated LDH were treated with a UBE translaminar approach. Clinical outcomes such as a visual analog scale (VAS) (back and leg pain) and MacNab criteria were assessed preoperative, postoperative, and 1 month after surgery.ResultsSeven patients were diagnosed with high‐grade up‐migrated LDH, while five patients presented very‐high grade up‐migrated LDH. In all cases, the migrated LDH were removed completely and were confirmed by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The VAS for back pain were improved from 4.5 (SD = 3.1) to 2.0 (SD = 1.0) and 1.0 (SD = 1.0) for immediately postoperative and in 1‐month follow‐up, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). VAS for leg pain was 6.5 (SD = 2.5) preoperatively to 2.3 (SD = 1.1) and 0.8 (SD = 0.4) immediately postoperative and 1‐month follow‐up, respectively, also showing a significant difference (p < 0.001). According to the MacNab criteria, we observed excellent outcomes in 66.6% and good outcomes in 33.3%.ConclusionThe UBE translaminar approach showed a high success rate with high patient satisfaction for the management of up‐migrated LDH. It could be considered a feasible alternative surgical option to treat up‐migrated LDH.
Drug‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A systematic review and review of European and North American pharmacovigilance data
Authors: Schofield Jeremy , Hosseinzadeh Sara , Burton Kieran , Pavord Sue , Dutt Tina , Doree Carolyn , Lim Wen Yuen , Desborough Michael J. R. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryMany medications have been reported to be associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) through pharmacovigilance data and published case reports. Whilst there are existing data available regarding drug‐induced thrombotic microangiopathy, there is no available synthesis of evidence to assess drug‐induced TTP (DI‐TTP). Despite this lack of evidence, patients with TTP are often advised against using many medications due to the theoretical risk of DI‐TTP. This systematic review evaluated the evidence for an association of medications reported as potential triggers for TTP. Of 5098 records available 261 articles were assessed further for eligibility. Fifty‐seven reports, totalling 90 patients, were included in the final analysis. There were no cases where the level of association was rated as definite or probable, demonstrating a lack of evidence of any drug causing DI‐TTP. This paucity of evidence was also demonstrated in the pharmacovigilance data, where 613 drugs were reported as potential causes of TTP without assessment of the strength of association. This systematic review demonstrates the need for standardised reporting of potential drugs causing TTP. Many reports omit basic information and, therefore, hinder the chance of finding a causative link if one exists.
Mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum‐phagy accelerated by a p62 ZZ ligand alleviates paracetamol‐induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Kim Hee‐Yeon , Yoon Hee‐Soo , Heo Ah Jung , Jung Eui Jung , Ji Chang Hoon , Mun Su Ran , Lee Min Ju , Kwon Yong Tae , Park Joo‐Won 
Published: December 2022

Background and PurposeParacetamol (acetaminophen)‐induced hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of drug‐induced liver injury worldwide. Autophagy is a degradative process by which various cargoes are collected by the autophagic receptors such as p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome‐1 for lysosomal degradation. Here, we investigated the protective role of p62‐dependent autophagy in paracetamol‐induced liver injury.Experimental ApproachParacetamol‐induced hepatotoxicity was induced by a single i.p. injection of paracetamol (500 mg·kg−1) in C57/BL6 male mice. YTK‐2205 (20 mg·kg−1), a p62 agonist targeting ZZ domain, was co‐ or post‐administered with paracetamol. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were performed to explore the mechanism.Key ResultsN‐terminal arginylation of the molecular chaperone calreticulin retro‐translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was induced in the livers undergoing paracetamol‐induced hepatotoxicity, and YTK‐2205 exhibited notable therapeutic efficacy in acute hepatotoxicity as assessed by the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and hepatic necrosis. This efficacy was significantly attributed to accelerated degradation of ubiquitin (Ub) conjugates as well as damaged mitochondria (mitophagy) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER‐phagy). In primary murine hepatocytes treated with paracetamol, YTK‐2205 induced the co‐localization of p62+LC3+ phagophores to the sites of mitophagy and ER‐phagy. A similar activity of YTK‐2205 was observed with N‐acetyl‐p‐benzoquinone imine, a putative toxic metabolite of paracetamol in Hep3B cells.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur results elucidated that p62‐dependent autophagy plays a key role in the removal of cytotoxic materials such as damaged mitochondria in paracetamol‐induced hepatotoxicity. Small molecule ligands to p62 may be developed into drugs to treat this pathological condition.
Testicular teratomagenesis from primordial germ cells with overexpression of germinal center‐associated nuclear protein
Authors: Sakai Yasuhiro , Yoshinaga Kazuya , Yoshida Ayaka , Rezano Andri , Shiogama Kazuya , Kawashima Yoshiaki , Yoshizawa Tadashi , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Hatakeyama Shingo , Ohyama Chikara , Ito Hiroyasu , Abe Masato , Kijima Hiroshi , Otsuki Yoshiro , Ito Akihiko , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Takeya Motohiro , Sakaguchi Nobuo , Kuwahara Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTesticular teratomas are the major histologic type of testicular germ cell tumors and their incidence continues to grow. Moreover, teratomas can develop from undifferentiated cells in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell transplantation therapy, seriously hampering the progress of regenerative medicine. Germinal center‐associated nuclear protein (GANP) is thought to be important to the biogenetic control of primordial germ cells and is among the genes susceptible to testicular germ cell tumors. Thus, we analyzed the expression of GANP in human testicular postpubertal‐type teratomas and established a novel mouse model to reveal the association between GANP and teratomagenesis. We analyzed 31 cases of human testicular postpubertal‐type teratomas and, in all cases, GANP was overexpressed. The aberrant expression was also detected in germ cell neoplasia in situ accompanied by the teratoma. GANP expression was particularly high in the epithelia of the epidermis, cutaneous appendages, and trachea‐like ciliated epithelium. To further clarify the association between GANP and teratomagenesis, we established a novel teratomagenesis mouse model (CAG‐ganpTg mice). In the GANP−teratoma mice, GANP‐overexpressing teratomas were more frequent at the testes and the middle portion of the uterus than has been seen in the previously established mouse models. In conclusion, GANP is overexpressed in testicular postpubertal‐type teratomas and is an essential teratomagenic factor. We also found that CAG‐ganpTg mice are useful mouse models of teratomagenesis that mimics human midline teratomas and that teratomas may originate from the overexpression of GANP in primordial germ cells.
Integrating larval connectivity into the marine conservation decision‐making process across spatial scales
Authors: Muenzel Dominic , Critchell Kay , Cox Courtney , Campbell Stuart J. , Jakub Raymond , Suherfian Wahid , Sara La , Chollett Iliana , Treml Eric A. , Beger Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLarval dispersal connectivity is typically integrated into spatial conservation decisions at regional or national scales, but implementing agencies struggle with translating these methods to local scales. We used larval dispersal connectivity at regional (hundreds of kilometers) and local (tens of kilometers) scales to aid in design of networks of no‐take reserves in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. We used Marxan with Connectivity informed by biophysical larval dispersal models and remotely sensed coral reef habitat data to design marine reserve networks for 4 commercially important reef species across the region. We complemented regional spatial prioritization with decision trees that combined network‐based connectivity metrics and habitat quality to design reserve boundaries locally. Decision trees were used in consensus‐based workshops with stakeholders to qualitatively assess site desirability, and Marxan was used to identify areas for subsequent network expansion. Priority areas for protection and expected benefits differed among species, with little overlap in reserve network solutions. Because reef quality varied considerably across reefs, we suggest reef degradation must inform the interpretation of larval dispersal patterns and the conservation benefits achievable from protecting reefs. Our methods can be readily applied by conservation practitioners, in this region and elsewhere, to integrate connectivity data across multiple spatial scales.
Influence of underground mining with explosives on a hibernating bat population
Authors: Summers Jennifer L. , White John Paul , Kaarakka Heather M. , Hygnstrom Scott E. , Sedinger Benjamin S. , Riddle Jason , Van Deelen Timothy , Yahnke Christopher 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBats arouse from hibernation both naturally and in response to disturbances. Frequent bat arousals can decrease survival due to increased energetic costs. An active sand mine in west‐central Wisconsin hosted over 52,000 hibernating bats of 4 species in inactive tunnels, and regularly blasted with explosives to remove sand. We collected environmental and acoustic data at this mine during two hibernation seasons (November 1 through February 28 in 2013–2014 and 2014–2015) to examine the effect of blasting on echolocation calls (bat activity), a measure of bat arousal from hibernation. We used total bat activity recorded 7 h before and 7 h after blast time as the response variable, assigned it to a binary category and used that as a fixed effect. We used explosive charge per delay (kg), number of blasts per day, number of consecutive blast days, barometric pressure, temperature, and hibernation season as fixed effects. We used generalized linear mixed models with a negative binomial distribution and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) for model selection. The BIC‐optimal model did not include any of the variables associated with blasting, but included activity timing, temperature, barometric pressure, and season as fixed effects, of which all were significant. Blasting did not influence bat activity significantly in this mine.
Development and validation of an artificial intelligence‐based system for predicting colorectal cancer invasion depth using multi‐modal data
Authors: Yao Liwen , Lu Zihua , Yang Genhua , Zhou Wei , Xu Youming , Guo Mingwen , Huang Xu , He Chunping , Zhou Rui , Deng Yunchao , Wu Huiling , Chen Boru , Gong Rongrong , Zhang Lihui , Zhang Mengjiao , Gong Wei , Yu Honggang 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesAccurate endoscopic optical prediction of the depth of cancer invasion is critical for guiding an optimal treatment approach of large sessile colorectal polyps but was hindered by insufficient endoscopists expertise and inter‐observer variability. We aimed to construct a clinically applicable artificial intelligence (AI) system for the identification of presence of cancer invasion in large sessile colorectal polyps.MethodsA deep learning‐based colorectal cancer invasion calculation (CCIC) system was constructed. Multi‐modal data including clinical information, white light (WL) and image‐enhanced endoscopy (IEE) were included for training. The system was trained using 339 lesions and tested on 198 lesions across three hospitals. Man–machine contest, reader study and video validation were further conducted to evaluate the performance of CCIC.ResultsThe overall accuracy of CCIC system using image and video validation was 90.4% and 89.7%, respectively. In comparison with 14 endoscopists, the accuracy of CCIC was comparable with expert endoscopists but superior to all the participating senior and junior endoscopists in both image and video validation set. With CCIC augmentation, the average accuracy of junior endoscopists improved significantly from 75.4% to 85.3% (P = 0.002).ConclusionsThis deep learning‐based CCIC system may play an important role in predicting the depth of cancer invasion in colorectal polyps, thus determining treatment strategies for these large sessile colorectal polyps.
Measuring the welfare costs of racial discrimination in the labor market
Authors: Gramozi Almarina , Palivos Theodore , Zachariadis Marios 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe find that the conditional wage‐gap for non‐whites is negatively related to gross domestic product per worker across the US. To explain this, we develop a model linking unequal access to employment with the wage gap, labor misallocation, and income loss. The presence of underprivileged workers allows inefficient firms to co‐exist with efficient ones and leads to skill misallocation, higher unemployment and lower output. Calibrating the model to match the US, we find a fall in market‐based racial discrimination renders inefficient firms non‐profitable, causing reallocation of labor and a positive effect on income as high as 4 percent when discrimination is eliminated.