bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural stem cell-derived exosomes protect spinal cord injury by the transfer of miR-31-5p
Authors: Jiang Dongdong , Luo Yongjun , Wu Xiaoshu , Huang Chenyu , Zhang Qiaofeng , Jiang Chunzhi , Yao Qingqiang , Jiang Fei , Tang Pengyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic damage that causes changes in its motor function permanently. Reactive astrocytes is a pathological feature of spinal cord injury (SCI). Exosomes take part in the transportation of miRNAs and play an a novel platform for intercellular communication in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the effect of miRNAs in Neuronal stem cells (NSCs) derived exosomes in SCI was unknown. in vivo SCI model and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exosomes. NSCs-derived exosomes promoted motor function recovery by shifting astrocytes from the A1 to A2 phenotype. microarray analysis of miRNA showed that miR-31-5p was the most enriched in NSCs-derived exosomes. Bioinformatics, RIP, and luciferase activity predicted IL34 was the target downstream gene of miR-31-5p. Western bloting examined IL34/STAT3 signaling pathway involved in modulating atrocities by the exosomal miR-31-5p. Rescue experiments evaluate that exosomal miR-31-5p shifting astrocytes A1 to A2 phenotype by inhibiting IL34/STAT3 signaling cascades, and promoted motor function recovery in mice after SCI.
Laparoscopic hernia repair in patients with peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Cui Changjin , Zhang Lei , Luan Li , Liu Qiaonan , Cheng Yugang , Li Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of laparoscopic hernia repair in patients experiencing hernia while undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Methods
The clinical data of 9 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis complicated by abdominal hernia admitted for repair from July 15, 2020 to April 18, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the therapeutic effect of the surgical approach was determined.
Results
From July 15, 2020 to April 18, 2022, 9 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis experienced an abdominal wall hernia, all of whom underwent laparoscopic hernia repair in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. Moreover, 7 patients presented with inguinal hernia, among whom 3 exhibited intraoperative bilateral inguinal hernia, all of whom underwent conventional TAPP surgery. Moreover, 2 cases presented with umbilical hernia, repaired by IPOM. All surgeries were successful without requiring conversion to open surgery. The mean follow-up time was (8.33±7.61) months, and no recurrence or chronic pain was reported. One patient died due to a car accident.
Discussion
Laparoscopic hernia repair is a feasible and effective intervention for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis complicated by an abdominal hernia. The advantages of laparoscopic hernia repair over open surgery include simplicity of the surgical approach, accelerated recovery, a reduced incidence of complications, the allowance of simultaneous observation of the contralateral inguinal region intraoperatively, and simultaneous fixation of the dialysis tube as needed. Given these observed advantages, laparoscopic hernia repair should be considered as a safe and effective surgical method for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis complicated by abdominal hernia.
Managing postoperative atrial fibrillation after open-heart surgery using transdermal β1 blockers
Authors: Yamamoto Kenji , Miwa Senri , Yamada Tomoyuki , Setozaki Shuji , Hamuro Mamoru , Kurokawa Shunji , Enomoto Sakae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after open-heart surgery is a non-negligible complication. We aimed to describe the efficacy of a transdermal patch of bisoprolol for managing POAF and flutter in thoracic surgical procedures.
Methods
We analyzed 384 patients who underwent open-heart surgery at our hospital and received oral bisoprolol to prevent POAF. Among them, 65 patients (16.9%) also received a 4-mg transdermal patch of bisoprolol to control heart rate due to POAF. We applied the bisoprolol transdermal patch when the heart rate was > 80 bpm and removed it at ≤ 60 bpm; an additional patch was applied when the heart rate was > 140 bpm. Heparin calcium injections were administered twice daily for anticoagulation between 2 and 6 days postoperatively.
Results
The average number of prescriptions for transdermal patches of bisoprolol during hospitalization was 1.8 ± 1.1 (1–5). The median first prescription date was on postoperative day 2 (range: days 0–37). Sinus rhythm recovered within 24 h in 18 patients (27.7%). Eight patients (12.3%) were switched to continuous landiolol infusion due to persistent tachycardia. In three patients, the transdermal patch was removed due to severe bradycardia. Fifteen patients experienced persistent atrial fibrillation and were treated with electrical cardioversion during hospitalization. We did not observe any serious complications that could be directly attributed to bisoprolol transdermal patch use.
Conclusions
Single-use bisoprolol transdermal patch may help control heart rate during the initial treatment of POAF after open-heart surgery.
Causal relationship between controllable risk factors and knee osteoarthritis: a Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Luo Pan , Yang Mingyi , Wan Xianjie , Xu Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:Current knowledge of the nature and treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) have shown that an effective prevention strategy and treatment to identify and avoid risk factors in the early stage of KOA are required. Therefore, we hope to be able to determine some modifiable risk factors for KOA through MR analysis from a genetically informed perspective to achieve early prevention to reduce the prevalence of KOA in the population.
Methods: In our research, we used a series of quality control steps to identify eligible instrumental SNPs that were strongly related to exposure. We used numerous dependable analytical methods (Inverse-variance weighting, MR-PRESSO method, weighted median, MR–Egger regression, and MR. RAPS method) that consist of two MR extrapolation hypotheses to make our conclusions more robust and credible. The MR–Egger intercept test, Cochran’s Q test, and “leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of these genetic variants on KOA. Outlier variants identified by the MR-PRESSO outlier test were removed step-by-step to reduce heterogeneity and the effect of horizontal pleiotropy.
Results: Through Two- sample MR analysis, we found that there was a causal relationship between obesity and KOA, and obesity was positively correlated with the incidence of KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.144 (0.089, 0.199); OR (95% CI) 1.155 (1.093, 1.221); p =3.09e-7). The genetic predisposition to smoking was associated with a decreased risk of KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.178 (0.045, 0.311); OR (95% CI), 1.195 (1.046, 1.365); p =0.008). Based on the IVW model, there was a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and KOA (IVW: beta (95% CI), 0.347 (0.003, 0.692); OR (95% CI) 1.416 (1.003, 1.998); p =0.047).
Conclusion: Our two-sample MR analysis confirmed that some controllable risk factors (smoking, drinking and obesity) can lead to KOA from a genetic point of view, which provides an important clue for the prevention and treatment of KOA.
Effects of lifestyle risk behaviour clustering on cardiovascular disease among UK adults: latent class analysis with distal outcomes
Authors: Tegegne Teketo Kassaw , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Maddison Ralph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Lifestyle risk behaviours such as smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet account for a considerable disease burden globally. These risk behaviours tend to cluster within an individual, which could have detrimental health effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the clusteringeffect of lifestyle risk behaviours on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk among adults in the United Kingdom (UK).
Methods: We performed a latent class (LC) analysis with distal outcomes using the UK Biobank baseline (2006-2010) data. First, we estimated LC measurement models, followed by an auxiliary model conditional on LC variables. We reported continuous (mean difference - MD) and binary (odds ratio - OR) outcomes with 95% confidence intervals.
Results: We included 283,172 and 174,030 UK adults who had data on CVD and CVD risk, respectively. Multiple lifestyle risk behaviour clustering (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, high alcohol intake, and prolonged sitting) had a 3.29 mean increase in CVD risk compared to high alcohol intake. In addition, adults with three risk behaviours (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, and high alcohol intake) had 25.18 higher odds of having CVD than those with two risk behaviours (physically inactive, and poor fruit & vegetable intake). Social deprivation, gender and age were also associated with CVD.
Conclusion: Individuals' LC membership with two or more lifestyle risk behaviours negatively affects CVD. Interventions targeting multiple lifestyle behaviours and social circumstances should be prioritized to reduce the CVD burden.
Relationship of life-satisfaction and self-efficacy with prognostic markers in patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Kondo Kaoru , Nagai Kojiro , Shima Hisato , Yokota Narushi , Minagawa Naoto , Koezuka Yasuhiko , Ichien Go , Doi Toshio , Minakuchi Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: A questionnaire suggestive of patients’ health status is needed to assess their quality of life and improve their self-management skills.
It is a descriptive, cross-sectional and multicenter study. The aim of this study was to assess the life-satisfaction and self-efficacy questionnaires verified in Japan which was more related to the biochemical and nutritional markers in patients receiving hemodialysis. A total of 196 outpatients receiving hemodialysis in four dialysis centers were included. The responses to the life-satisfaction and self-efficacy questionnaires were collected. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were obtained including life circumstances, in addition to nutritional indices such as normalized protein catabolism rate, creatinine generation rate and geriatric nutritional risk index.
Results: Life-satisfaction scores were related to prognostic nutritional markers such as normalized protein catabolism rate and creatinine generation rate. Female sex and non-diabetic patients were more satisfied with the life undergoing hemodialysis. Elderly patients had higher self-efficacy scores, which was related to their life-satisfaction scores. However, self-efficacy scores were not associated with the biochemical and nutritional markers. This life-satisfaction questionnaire was simple and useful to assess the patient’s condition.
COVID-19 and severe rhabdomyolysis causing acute kidney injury and life-threatening hyperkalemia: A case report
Authors: Geeting Danielle , Alibrahim Omar , Patel Mital , Kumar Reeti , Mallory Palen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Though initially believed to primarily be a respiratory pathogen, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has manifested as a virus that has the potential to affect multiple organ systems causing a wide variety of disease and symptomatology.
Case Presentation
Here we present a teenager with acute COVID-19 who presented to the hospital with severe rhabdomyolysis causing life-threatening hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury requiring treatment with emergent renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit.
Conclusions
Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury are increasingly recognized as complications of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and require vigilance given the associated risk of morbidity and mortality.
Tumor size as a significant prognostic factor in T1 gastric cancer: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Database analysis
Authors: Xiao Xueyan , Wang Weijun , Gao Beibei , Pang Suya , Wang Zeyu , Jiang Weiwei , Lin Rong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
It has previously been observed that the prognostic value of tumor size varied according to different stages patients enrolled in gastric cancer. We aimed to investigate the influence of T stage on the prognostic and predicting value of tumor size.
Material and Methods
A total of 13585 patients with stage I–III gastric cancer were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database. Uni and multi regression analysis stratified by T stage were performed. C-index and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve were applied to assess discrimination ability of tumor size and other factors. Nomograms were constructed to further assess the performance of tumor size in a specific model. Calibration ability, discrimination ability, reclassification ability and clinical benefits were executed to judge the performance of models.
Results
Stratified analyses according to T stage illustrated that with the increase of T stage, the effect of tumor size on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) significantly decreased. Moreover, tumor size showed superior discrimination ability in T1 gastric cancer, outperformed other prognostic factors in predicting both CSS (C-index: 0.666, AUC: 0.687) and OS (C-index: 0.635, AUC: 0.660). The cox regression model included tumor size showed better performance than the model excluded tumor size in every aspect.
Conclusion
T stage had a negative impact on the predicting value of tumor size. Tumor size showed significant prognostic value in T1 gastric cancer, which may be effective in clinical practice.
The impact of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health service access and provision in Botswana: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ryan Rebecca , Mussa Aamirah , Mechie Imogen , Ensor Samuel , Simon Selebaleng , Ramontshonyana Kehumile , Ndlovu Neo , Morroni Chelsea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroduction: Measures intended to curb COVID-19 transmission and mortality may have indirect effects on access to, provision, and uptake of essential healthcare services including sexual and reproductive health (SRH). These indirect effects may disproportionately affect women and vulnerable groups through impaired delivery of contraception, antenatal and HIV care services. In Botswana, SRH needs were significant prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a high HIV prevalence, high rates of unintended pregnancy and a high maternal mortality ratio. We aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on SRH access and provision in Botswana.Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in Botswana over a 5-week period in early 2021. Data were collected through an online survey disseminated as part of the International Sexual Health and REproductive Health (I-SHARE) Survey. Respondents answered questions on SRH, including sexual behaviours, access to contraception, antenatal and postnatal care and HIV management, in the 3 months before and during Botswana’s COVID-19 restrictions.Results: 409 participants (82% female) completed the survey. 87% (n = 356) reported following COVID-19 restrictions ‘a lot’ or ‘very strictly’. 54% (n = 221) reported worsening of their household economic situation since the onset of COVID-19 restrictions, and a quarter reported a relationship breakdown with their partner. Since the onset of COVID-19 restrictions, respondents reported difficulties in accessing contraception (15%); STI/HIV treatment (15%) and maternity services (29%). Reasons for hindered access to SRH services included movement restrictions or lack of transport; closure of, inaccessibility of, or lack of appropriately-trained staff at healthcare facilities; and fear of acquiring COVID-19. Contraception use reflected that of previous studies conducted in Botswana with condom use predominating (49%) and limited long-acting reversible contraceptive coverage (13%).Conclusion: Botswana’s COVID-19 restrictions had indirect effects on the breadth of SRH services studied, resulting in reduced access to contraception, maternity care and HIV treatment. Prioritisation of SRH services in future national emergencies may minimize disruption to SRH care and prevent avoidable harms including unintended pregnancies, maternal and neonatal mortality, and HIV transmission. Achieving better coverage of long-acting contraceptives may help to mitigate against disruptions to contraception access.
Characterization of biliary microbiota dysbiosis in acute cholecystitis: A reduction in the biodiversity of the bile microbiome
Authors: Shen Danfeng , Xu Jingjing , Chang Peng , Xu Haibin , Zhu Zhiqiang , Shen Ye 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that bacterial infections are closely associated with most common biliary diseases, such as biliary tract infection and gallbladder stone formation. Acute cholecystitis usually occurs in patients with acute infections of the biliary system, and severe infections can easily lead to life-threatening sepsis. This study explored the structural differences in the bile microbiome in patients with acute and chronic cholecystitis and the relationship with acute and chronic cholecystitis.
Results
A total of 18 patients in the acute cholecystitis group and 8 patients in the control group were enrolled in the analysis. The composition of the biliary microbiota significantly differed between acute cholecystitis patients and chronic cholecystitis controls. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the microbial communities obtained from the chronic cholecystitis controls clustered separately from those from the acute cholecystitis patients. We observed that many kinds of bacteria, such as Burkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Phreatobacter and Comamonas, were significantly higher in chronic cholecystitis controls than in acute cholecystitis patients.
Conclusions
The diversity of the bile microbiome in patients with acute cholecystitis is lower than that in patients with chronic cholecystitis. Patients with acute cholecystitis may have a bile microbial imbalance that might related to acute infections.
Tamoxifen, associated to the conservative CKD treatment, promoted additional antifibrotic effects on experimental hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Authors: Fanelli Camilla , Ornellas Felipe M , Celestrino Giovanna A , Carmagnani Danielly N , Francini Ana LR , Noronha Irene L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
CKD progression depends on the activation of an intricate set of hemodynamic and inflammatory mechanisms, promoting renal leukocyte infiltration, inflammation and fibrosis, leading to renal function loss. There are currently no specific drugs to detain renal fibrogenesis, which is a common end-point for different nephropathies. Clinical therapy for CKD is mostly based on the management of hypertension and proteinuria, partially achieved with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers, and the control of inflammation by immunosuppressive drugs. The aim of the present study was to verify if the administration of tamoxifen (TAM), an estrogen receptor modulator, clinically employed in the treatment of breast cancer and predicted to exert antifibrotic effects, would promote additional benefits when associated to a currently used therapeutic scheme for the conservative management of experimental CKD. Wistar rats underwent the NAME model of hypertensive nephrosclerosis, obtained by daily oral administration of a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, associated to dietary sodium overload. The therapeutic association of TAM to losartan (LOS), and mofetil mycophenolate (MMF) effectively reduced the severe hypertension, marked albuminuria and glomerular damage exhibited by NAME animals. Moreover, the association also succeeded in limiting renal inflammation in this model, and promoted further reduction of ECM interstitial accumulation and renal fibrosis, compared to the monotherapies. According to our results, the association of TAM to the currently used conservative treatment of CKD added significant antifibrotic effects both in vivo and in vitro, and may represent an alternative to slow the progression of chronic nephropathy.
Semiochemical release and ontogenetic changes in a primary scent gland of Podisus maculiventris
Authors: Aflitto Nicholas C. , Dittmar Abigail G. , Ugine Todd A. , Thaler Jennifer S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Podisus maculiventris (spined soldier bug) is a generalist predator studied for its biocontrol potential. This species has a large dorsal abdominal gland (DAG) that releases pheromones that can also be important semiochemicals for other organisms. Despite our growing understanding of gland development, the conditions that elicit releases are largely unknown. To determine if male age or gland development affects the chemical composition and release behavior, we dissected adult male bugs and profiled the chemical composition of the male DAG 1, 7, and 14 d post-eclosion. To determine if gland development is related to sexual maturity, we counted the number of sperm present in the seminal vesicles at the same time points. Finally, we measured the diurnal release patterns of different aged males and in various male-female combinations. We observed that newly eclosed adults have under-developed glands and male seminal vesicles contained few sperm. One week post-eclosion the DAG contained previously reported pheromone compounds and males contained many sperm. Mirroring the trend in reproductive maturation and gland development, the number of pheromone releases increased with age and the majority of releases followed a scotophase pattern unaffected by sexual composition. These findings link male age to 1) dorsal abdominal gland development 2) release behavior and 3) sexual maturity, which will help our understanding of when these olfactory cues are present for other organisms, like prey, to perceive.
Construction and evaluation of the SV40-LT and hTERT overexpression MDCK cell lines
Authors: Liu Wenkai , Wang Jiamin , Liu Zhenbin , Ma Guilan , Qiao Zilin , Ma Zhongren , Li You , Wang Mingming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Research on establishing continuous cell line (CCL) has gained much attention recently, especially for its promising usage as an alternative substrate for vaccine production. In order to set up a ready-for-use protocol for potentially immortalizing animal originated cells, this study used MDCK as the pilot cells to explore the method using hTERT and SV40-LT genes transfected through liposome and lentivirus. Results showed that hTERT transfection with liposome and lentivirus, and SV40-LT with lentivirus could be successfully expressed in MDCK cells. Transfection efficiency of lentivirus was higher than liposome, and SV40-LT was easier to induce cell proliferation than hTERT. No mutation occurred during the passage and the original phenotype was maintained. The study provided a reference and potential method for the subsequent immortalization of primary cells.