bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Wireless World
Authors: Potter Simon J. , Clayton David , Kind-Kovacs Friederike , Kuitenbrouwer Vincent , Ribeiro Nelson , Scales Rebecca , Stanton Andrea 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This book sets out a new research agenda for the history of international broadcasting, and for radio history more generally. It examines global and transnational histories of long-distance wireless broadcasting, combining perspectives from international history, media and cultural history, the history of technology, and sound studies. It is a genuinely co-written book, the result of more than five years of collaboration. Bringing together their knowledge of a wide range of different countries, languages, and archives, the co-authors show how broadcasters and states deployed international broadcasting as a tool of international communication and persuasion. They also demonstrate that by paying more attention to audiences, programmes, and soundscapes, historians of international broadcasting can make important contributions to wider debates in social and cultural history. Exploring the idea of a ‘wireless world’, a globe connected, both in imagination and reality, by radio, this book sheds new light on the transnational connections created by international broadcasting. Bringing together all periods of international broadcasting within a single analytical frame, including the pioneering days of wireless, the Second World War, the Cold War, and the decades since the fall of the Berlin Wall, it reveals key continuities and transformations. It looks at how wireless was shaped by internationalist ideas about the use of broadcasting to promote world peace and understanding, at how empires used broadcasting to perpetuate colonialism, and at how anti-colonial movements harnessed radio as a weapon of decolonization.
Tuning-in to the World
Authors: Scales Rebecca 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the audiences for international broadcasting, and the efforts of international broadcasters and governments to understand the impact on audiences of radio programmes transmitted across national borders. Drawing on historians’ investigations of audience reception, it focuses on qualitative, rather than just quantitative, evaluations of audience responses and listening. It surveys audiences for imperial and fascist propaganda in the 1930s and ‘occupied’ listening during the Second World War, as well as European efforts to reinforce colonial power during the era of decolonization. It also examines Cold War attempts to understand audiences, showing how many of the claims made by broadcasters about their audiences need to be understood in terms of their need to maintain state funding. A case study then looks at audiences for international broadcasting in neutral Portugal during the Second World War, while another examines audiences for the Cold-War era US station broadcasting from West Germany, RIAS.
John Zonaras' Epitome of Histories
Authors: Kampianaki Theofili 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The twelfth-century chronicle of John Zonaras, which begins with the biblical Creation and ends in 1118, is one of the longest historical accounts written in Greek that has come down to us. It is also one of the most popular historical works of the Greek-speaking world during the Middle Ages, with a remarkably large number of manuscripts preserving the entire text or parts of it. This book analyses Zonaras’ chronicle as both a literary composition and a historical account. It concentrates on its composition, sources, and political, ideological, and literary background. It also includes discussions that go beyond the text, such as on the intellectual networks surrounding Zonaras, and the anticipated audience and the reception of the chronicle. By examining such issues, Theofili Kampianaki aims to present Zonaras’ chronicle as a product which emerged from a milieu characterized by the increased contacts with Western people and the Komnenian style of rulership in the imperial bureaucracy, and as a work which seamlessly merges the traditions of chronicle writing and classicizing historiography.
John Zonaras
Authors: Kampianaki Theofili 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 1 is dedicated to John Zonaras and his oeuvre. The first half of the chapter summarizes the biographical data about Zonaras and his family which is supported by solid evidence, and explores the serious dating issues concerning the period in which he lived and wrote. It is shown that the Epitome was completed in or after 1143 and that the terminus ante quem for the completion of the work is approximately the year 1150. The second half of this chapter is dedicated to Zonaras’ varied literary production, looking at the works he composed in addition to the Epitome (commentaries on canon law, hagiographical and homiletic works, exegeses of ecclesiastical poetry, the Lexicon). This survey of his oeuvre shows Zonaras to have been an author who exhibited broader interests and tastes, and had a dual focus on both secular and ecclesiastical literature.
International Trade
Authors: Flath David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter is about Japan’s foreign trade. It begins by considering the monetary value of Japan’s gain from trade based on the effect on import and export prices of Japan’s opening to trade in the nineteenth century. It then turns attention to the composition of Japan’s foreign trade and finds that Ricardian comparative advantage explains much of it. Newer trade theories based on scale economies are invoked to explain Japan’s intra-industry trade. Foreign direct investment too is a form of trade, much of it the domain of multinational enterprises. The basis for FDI and Japan’s relative lack of inward FDI are explored. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to Japan’s trade policy since its entry into the GATT in 1955. It details Japan’s 1980s trade friction, with particular attention to the protectionist response in the US to the rise of imports from Japan. Since the conclusion of the Uruguay Round that established the WTO in 1995, Japan–US trade friction has dissipated, partly owing to the rise of China. Recent Japanese trade policy is aimed at concluding free-trade agreements with individual trading partners and regional groups of trading partners. Japan, like other countries, enters trade agreements to overcome domestic obstacles to free trade, not foreign ones. The remaining pockets of protectionism in Japan are in agriculture, and their burden on Japanese consumers is significant. The drive within Japan to relax its protection of agriculture is the hidden force behind Japanese trade policy in the twenty-first century.
Politics
Authors: Colla Marcus 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses the political meanings attached to Prussian history in the GDR during the era of the ‘Prussia-Renaissance’. It argues that the political ‘rehabilitation’ of Prussian history in the GDR from the 1970s onwards must in part be understood within a specifically German Cold War context, as each German state sought to make an exclusive claim over the pan-German historical inheritance. Not only were acts such as the restoration of the Frederick the Great equestrian statue in East Berlin, or the ‘Prussia-Exhibition’ in West Berlin, symbolic statements made within the specific political conditions of the German Cold War, they also assumed new meanings and interpretations in the eyes of domestic and international observers alike. Because of this, the East German ‘Prussia-Renaissance’ followed its own logic, as the GDR’s political and cultural elites sought to refashion their historical policy into a form that meaningfully distinguished it from that of the Federal Republic.
Society and Culture
Authors: Colla Marcus 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyses the relationship between the ‘Prussia-Renaissance’ and ‘popular culture’. The historians of the GDR, much like the political figures they directly and indirectly served, were motivated and sustained by a popular culture that, through new forms of media, was becoming increasingly saturated by Prussia-fascination. They fed the East German public’s increasing appetite for history, but were ultimately consumed by it in turn, as the new set of popular historical and heritage practices they helped generate came to undermine their privileged interpretative sovereignty over the past. The chapter accordingly documents the distorting impact that the pursuit of ‘popular history’ had upon the state’s Marxist-Leninist historical dogmas. Furthermore, the chapter also documents how the ‘Prussia-Renaissance’—and especially the figure of Frederick the Great—stimulated a surge of subversive creative energies, as authors, playwrights, artists, and satirists increasingly began to turn to the GDR’s historical culture as a space for artistic exploration.
Food Security in India
Authors: Narang Harpreet Kaur 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The second chapter is a general one. It investigates food security in India by assessing India’s position at the global level and her progress in tackling the problem of hunger and malnutrition with reference to the targets set by the two major UN commitments to tackle hunger—the Rome Declaration at the World Food Summit, 1996 and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 2000. It also provides the international ranking of the countries in terms of the Global Hunger Index, a tool designed by the International Food Policy Research Institute to measure and track global hunger. In the end a brief summary of India’s nutrition profile is presented along with an assessment of India’s progress with regards to the MDGs and their intricate relationship with deprivations of all kinds.
Nutritional Security I
Authors: Narang Harpreet Kaur 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This section of the book addresses the issue of ‘absorption of food’ or nutritional security. The aim is to analyse the various manifestations of chronic and hidden hunger in Punjab and the underlying factors that affect food absorption or nutritional security, especially amongst the vulnerable sections of Punjab’s population. Maternal health care and child health care are of utmost importance for the nutritional well-being and productivities of the future generations. Hence in chapter 5, a presentation of the key demographic indicators of health is followed by a focus on the extent of under nutrition among children and women in Punjab. Food absorption problems manifest in the form of an unhealthy population consisting of malnourished adults with low body mass index (BMI) and suffering from diseases. The chapter ends with an investigation of the nutritional status of adults in Punjab in terms of BMI to measure the chronic energy deficiency, followed by a look at the micronutrient deficiencies at the state and district level.
Appearance and Reality II
Authors: Hill Christopher S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 3 begins by clarifying and further defending the doctrine that visual experience is concerned with Thouless properties. It then turns to consider whether this doctrine can be extended to other perceptual modalities. It argues that counterparts of Thouless properties are involved in hearing and touch, but that this seems not to be true of the chemical senses of smell and taste. On the positive side, however, it maintains that smell and taste do involve appearance properties—just not appearance properties that have the characteristic Thouless stamp, which involves the effects of partial constancy transformations. This view is defended by an inquiry into olfactory perception, which also suggests that taste pervasively involves appearances. The chapter concludes by claiming that at the most fundamental level, perceptual experience is concerned with the appearances of things, not with their objective properties. It follows that naïve realism, which maintains that objective properties are directly presented in perceptual experience, must be rejected.
Perceptual Phenomenology
Authors: Hill Christopher S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 5 is concerned with the phenomenological dimensions of perceptual experience. Building on the idea that all awareness is constitutively representational, it infers that awareness is always governed by a Kantian appearance/reality distinction—there is the way that awareness represents entities as being, and the way that represented entities are in themselves. It follows that awareness of perceptual phenomenology is governed by an appearance/reality distinction. The chapter points out that the main arguments for dualism presuppose that this is not the case—they assume that awareness of phenomenal properties gives us full and unerring access to their essential natures. Hence, the Kantian appearance/reality distinction undercuts the arguments for dualism. The chapter also adds to the arguments for representationalism that are presented in Chapter 1, and maintains that its representationalist account of perceptual phenomenology can be extended so as to apply to cognitive phenomenology and the phenomenology of moods and emotions.
A Quasi-Perceptualist Account of Pain Experience
Authors: Hill Christopher S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chapter 6 proposes a representationalist theory of pain experience. It begins by pointing out that pain normally has several prominent components, including a bodily disturbance, a high-level representation of that disturbance, which has much in common with perceptual representations, and an affective response to the disturbance. Although these elements are normally tightly bound together, recent clinical and experimental studies show that they are dissociable. The most striking finding in this area is that the sensation of pain becomes unstuck from hurting in the disorder known as pain asymbolia. The chapter proposes a theory of sensory pain that analyzes its phenomenology in terms of the higher-level, quasi-perceptual representations of bodily disturbances, thereby assimilating the phenomenology to the other forms of phenomenology studied in Chapter 5. It also explains hurting in terms of an attitude toward the bodily disturbances that constitute sensory pain—specifically, the attitude of dislike.
Introduction
Authors: Sogner Knut 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The rise of the modern pharmaceutical industry shaped many aspects of life in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Europe, including the relationships between the large industrial powers and Scandinavian economies. As Scandinavian nations developed their own pharmaceutical firms and innovations, they provide an excellent opportunity to describe and analyze the factors shaping the spread of the global industry and its impact on smaller nations with medium-sized economies. The focus of this book will be primarily upon Norway, and particular attention will be paid to one innovative firm and the institutional and economic context that shaped its success. This chapter charts the beginnings of the “pharmaceutical revolution” and the peculiarities of the Norwegian case, then outlines the structure of the book.
Breakthrough, 1967–1969
Authors: Sogner Knut 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter revolves around the remarkable swift success that the contrast media team used to bring forward a breakthrough principle, which subsequently became known as non-ionic contrast media but was also characterized by chemical properties that were highly benign to the body. These new products were the first that could be used in the full spinal canal and the brain’s liquid-filled rooms (myelographic), as well as being much better than older contrast media in the circulatory system (vascular). The success has to be explained in terms of the long-term experience since the 1950s with the old product Isopaque and the input from the international network established. Nyegaard deliberately sought a niche use of the product and succeeded where larger corporations had not thought it possible to go. To a large degree, head of research Hugo Holtermann formulated the agenda, and the company’s efforts were also facilitated by the spirit of the Swedish radiologist Torsten Almén.
Conclusion
Authors: Sogner Knut 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
How did innovation happen and what were its consequences? Nyegaard & Co.’s success formulae was original to Scandinavia and gives some interesting insights into what it actually entails to “come from behind” as a small nation not at the forefront of medical science and with a regulatory system ignorant of domestic pharmaceutical innovation. The formula is a four-stage model: first came the establishment of a strong corporate scientific research culture; then came insight from specialization of research; then came a shift to a kind of collectivization of the company organization; then, through alliances with doctors and other companies, inventive molecules and subsequent innovative products found significant roles in global markets. There is also a fifth stage, although that is not part of the success formula: in the 1990s, once the company achieved independence as a fully fledged innovative multinational corporation, it lost its ability to navigate in a confident and forward-looking manner.
Becoming a Worker: Industrialization and Textile Labour in Mekelle
Authors: Chinigò Davide 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe chapter discusses the labour dynamics that have been emerging within a rapidly growing textile global value chain in Tigray’s capital city Mekelle since the mid-2010s. In the context of an ambitious industrialization policy urged to sustain export-led economic growth, reduce dependency on agriculture and services, and to address pressing political problems such as rising urban unemployment, the Ethiopian government managed to attract global production networks around newly established industrial poles, primarily geared towards manufacturing. Due to a number of historical, political, and geographical factors, by the mid-2010s Tigray was at the forefront of this development. The rapid consolidation of the textile industry in the area around Mekelle generated a new labour question: the coexistence of labour shortage around the textile industrial hub and a large population seeking employment. Empirically the chapter discusses the stories of young workers and trainees navigating textile work against the contrast between significant expectations about industrialization and wages well below reproduction. Workers enacted a number of practices, including absenteeism, turnover, and tardiness when the incomplete transition to industrial labour forced them to seek reproduction through a combination of scarce and poorly remunerated wage employment, self-employment, and other survival activities at the intersection between the formal and informal economy. While some of them managed to make the most of the opportunities generated by industrialization, many others remained dependent on their household of origin for their social and economic reproduction.
Animal behavior and parasitism: Where have we been, where are we going?
Authors: Ezenwa Vanessa O. , Altizer Sonia , Hall Richard J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter introduces the volume Animal Behavior and Parasitism with a series of case studies tied to key research themes. The chapter describes the objectives of the book, its scope and target audience, and provides important background on the fundamental ways in which animal behavior and parasitism are connected. Examples briefly illustrate the role parasites play in shaping the behavior of animals on both ecological and evolutionary timescales. The chapter also emphasizes a common theme running across the entire volume, which is that reciprocal interactions often characterize the relationships between animal behavior and parasitism.
Parasites, host behavior, and their feedbacks
Authors: Hawley Dana M. , Ezenwa Vanessa O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnimal behavior and parasite dynamics are often tightly intertwined, each exerting influence on the other via both ecological and evolutionary processes. Thus, links between host behaviors and parasitism are frequently characterized by feedbacks. Characterizing these feedbacks, including when they occur, over what timescales, and their potential role as drivers of variation in both host behavior and parasite traits, is key for our understanding of host behavior–parasite interactions more broadly. Here the chapter reviews the basic requirements for behavior–parasite feedbacks, their common functional outcomes, current evidence for behavior–parasite feedbacks in nature, and the way in which the strength and nature of these feedbacks may vary with environmental context. The chapter ends by highlighting potential approaches for studying behavior–parasite feedbacks and outstanding questions in the field, such as the relative importance of feedbacks to novelty and stability in host or parasite traits.
Collective behavior and parasite transmission
Authors: Keiser Carl N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe collective outcomes of animal societies are driven by processes at multiple levels of biological organization. Individuals’ traits influence the frequency and nature of social interactions that generate emergent properties like collective behavior and disease dynamics, perhaps simultaneously. Therefore, the composition of individual phenotypes in a group will influence the ability to execute collective behaviors and the concomitant risk of disease outbreaks. This may be especially true when considering the presence of keystone individuals which exert inordinate influence over social processes. However, the phenotypic compositions that lead to success in one context may be detrimental in other contexts. For example, groups containing individuals that are more aggressive may excel in collective foraging but also spread pathogens at a faster rate. Therefore, group composition may shift towards mixtures of phenotypes which resolve this trade-off. This chapter reviews the interrelatedness between collective behavior and parasite transmission, including mechanisms by which groups can optimally balance conflicting collective demands, and proposes some future directions in collective behavior-parasitism research.
Seasonal human movement and the consequences for infectious disease transmission
Authors: Meredith Hannah R. , Wesolowski Amy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSeasonal variation in human movement is globally ubiquitous and driven by a range of social, economic, and environmental factors. This temporal variability may also impact the spatial spread of infectious diseases by varying the likelihood of an introduction event in susceptible populations or the demographics of a population. In turn, infection (or infection risk) could modify individual behavior, creating heterogeneity in mobility patterns. Unfortunately, quantifying seasonal differences in travel patterns has largely been limited by data availability, particularly in low- and middle-income settings which have the greatest burden of many infectious diseases. This chapter reviews challenges and opportunities associated with quantifying, characterizing, and modeling seasonal mobility patterns. It then focuses on the need to integrate time-resolved mobility, demographic, and disease transmission data in infectious disease modeling frameworks to better inform epidemiological questions of interest and inform public health strategies.