bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Tramadol on Corticosteroid Receptor Function in patients with Major Depression
Authors: Minenko S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIt is important to study the corticosteroid receptors hypothesis of Depression.ObjectivesThe goal of current study was - to test the influence of the opioid, adrenergic and benzodiazepine drugs on the immunosuppressive levels of leukocyte pyruvat dehydrogenase activity (LPDG) during the DST in patients with Major Depression and Anxiety Disorder.MethodsPatients. 40 male/ mean age, 33,1+3,2 years/ and 20 premenopausal female /35,1+1,6 years/ patients with Primary Major Depressive Episode were studied. All patients were diagnosed by a psychologist and fulfilled DSM- IV criteria for Major Depressive Episode. The DST was conducted to 60 patients with Primary Depressive Episode and 30 healthy subjectsResultsIn the cases of Primary Major Depressive Episode in separation with an Anxiety Disorder after TRAMADOL and DIASEPAM administration activity of LPDG increased more than 25%. Tramadol of a 50 mg dose and Diasepam of a 10 mg dose had a higher immunosuppressive effect than L-DOPA (0,5 g) on alteration of LPDG activity (more than 5 mmol/l/hour, p <0,05/.ConclusionsTRAMADOL immunosuppresssive action was higher than L-DOPA and DIASEPAM on LPDG activity in patients with an Anxiety Disorder and Major Depression. Diasepam immunosuppressive action did not correlate with positive dynamics of LPDG levels of DST in patients with Anxiety Disorder (after the 4-5 th week of Diasepam treatment). From other side, mechanism of L-DOPA action on corticosteroid receptors stimulated LPDG-activity (L-DOPA therapeutic effective dose-3 g). It means that opiate, adrenergic and benzodiazepine receptors are interactiing with each other and influencing on the corticosteroid receptors in different ways during immunosuppression.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mental Health, Burnout and Problematic Drinking in Norwegian Medical Doctors
Authors: Tyssen R. 
Published: September 2022

Previous studies have found relatively good physical health in doctors, whereas several studies now report relatively high levels of stress and burnout among them. With the exception of higher suicide rates, we have less evidence of poorer mental health among doctors than among other professionals. The elevated suicide rate may represent the tip of an iceberg of frustration and inadequate mental health care among medical doctors. There are very few longitudinal studies that can identify possible risk factors and causality. The Longitudinal Study of Norwegian Medical Students and Doctors (NORDOC) has since 1993/94 followed repeatedly two cohorts of medical students (N=1052) in seven waves during 25 years (Facebook: @docsinrush). Outcomes presented here are on mental health, burnout and problematic drinking. There are two main hypotheses with regard to possible risk factors. First, it may be due to individual factors such as personality traits, past mental health problems etc. Second, contextual stress may influence mental health among doctors, whether this be unhealthy working conditions or negative life events (i.e. stress outside of work). The presentation will give and overview of both individual and work-related predictors of stress and mental health problems among Norwegian physicians. Individual and organizational interventions to reduce stress and physician burnout will also be dealt with.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Prisoners with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Co-morbidities & Service Pathways
Authors: Rawat A. , Chaplin E. , Perera B. , Mccarthy J. , Courtenay K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEffective diagnostic and treatment pathways for ADHD are needed in prison settings due to the high prevalence of ADHD and comorbidities in the prison population.ObjectivesIn this presentation, we will describe two studies conducted in seperate London prisons in England. In the first study, the aim was to identify prisoners with ADHD with a focus on describing comorbidity. In the second study, using QI (quality improvement) methodology, the aim was to measure the practicability and effectiveness of a specialist ADHD diagnostic and treatment pathway for prisoners.MethodsTwo studies were carried out in two separate prisons in London. Firstly, data were collected to understand the prevalence of ADHD and the comorbidities. The second study used quality improvement (QI) methodology to assess the impact of a diagnostic and treatment pathway for prisoners with ADHD.ResultsOf the prisoners, 22.5% met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Nearly half of them were screened positive for autistic traits, with a higher prevalence of mental disorders among prisoners with ADHD compared to those without. The QI project led to a significant increase in the number of prisoners identified as requiring ADHD assessment but a modest increase in the number of prisoners diagnosed or treated for ADHD.ConclusionsDespite various challenges, an ADHD diagnostic and treatment pathway was set up in a prison using adapted QI methodology. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility of routine screening for ADHD in prison and examine at a national level the effectiveness of current ADHD prison pathways.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Decision-making capacity regarding healthcare, welfare and finances in a secure forensic setting
Authors: Tong K. , Har C. , Kennedy H. , Davoren M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionImpairment in decision-making capacity is a serious consequence of executive dysfunction secondary to serious mental disorders like schizophrenia. Functional mental capacity (FMC) refers to an individual’s ability to make and communicate legally competent decisions autonomously. Studies have shown that FMC is dependent on severity of psychosis and can improve with treatment.ObjectivesTo ascertain the correlation between the scores on a structured judgement tool, namely the Dundrum Capacity Ladders (DCL) with level of acuity of treatment setting and length of stay in a secure forensic hospital.MethodsSixty-two patients were interviewed using the DCL across three domains – healthcare, welfare and finances. Correlation between DCL scores, length of hospital stay and level of acuity of treatment setting was assessed.ResultsAs patients moved from higher to lower dependency wards, mean DCL score increased, indicating a higher level of capacity. Patients in high dependency wards were most impaired while those in the low dependency wards performed significantly better (rs=0.472, p<0.001). The longer the patients stayed in the hospital, up until five years, the higher the mean welfare domain score (rs=0.402, p=0.011) and mean DCL score (rs=0.376, p=0.018). Beyond five years of hospital stay, those who had lower DCL scores and did not improve had longer length of stay.ConclusionsPatients’ FMC improve as they progress from high to low level of acuity of treatment setting. However, this is dependent on the length of hospital stay. FMC may be a measure of recovery in the forensic setting.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
How to execute research projects in clinical practice in a large medium secure forensic psychiatric facility
Authors: Brandt-Christensn A.M. , Gruber E. , Christensen M. , Nerdrum H. , Pedersen L.M. , Sass M. , Fink-Jensen A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWhile effective project planning is crucial for the success of a clinical research project, being able to execute the plan is even more important. In Denmark, approval for health research projects is applied for at regional or national committees on health research ethics, which have been reluctant to approve clinical research projects involving forensic psychiatric in-patients, due to the admission usually being pursuant to treatment sanctions. However, recently we received approval for a clinical research project exclusively targeted towards inpatients at a large medium secure forensic psychiatric facility in Denmark.ObjectivesDescribing the process of project execution from planning to submitting the manuscript which is inherently multi-faceted and inundated with stress factors. How to connect theory, knowledge, project with clinical practice, with clinical research?MethodsQualitative data collecting while undertaking an exploratory, open-label, non-randomised weight reducing trial with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist.ResultsChallenges in finding, screening, motivating, recruiting, obtaining valid confirmed consent from potential study participants and other stakeholders, team communication, responsibilities and accountabilities within the team, Pareto Principle, scope creep, building project reports manually, real-time data gathering, unpredictable and other project deliverables will be presentedConclusionsExperiences of the hospital staff (psychiatrists, doctors and nurses) in execution process of the project investigation performed and made possible through participation of their forensic psychiatric in-patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Attenuated positive and negative symptoms in patients at clinical high-risk for psychosis
Authors: Omelchenko M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) is mainly established by the presence of attenuated positive symptoms (APS), but there is evidence of the role of attenuated negative symptoms (ANS) in the development of psychotic spectrum disorders. It is important to establish a link between APS and ANS in patients at CHR in order to improve early detection of psychosis.ObjectivesEstablish the relationship between APS and ANS in depressive patients at CHR.Methods130 depressive young in-patients at CHR with APS (average age 19.5) and 71 ones with ANS (average age 19.5) were examined. The HDRS scale was used to assess depressive symptoms, the SOPS scale was used to assess APS and ANS, and the SANS scale was used to assess ANS. The results are presented in median values.ResultsNo differences were found between two groups in the severity of depressive symptoms on the HDRS scale and CHR symptoms on the SOPS scale (22 vs 23.5 and 45 vs 43 respectively). Statistically valid differences have been established between the groups in the APS severity on the sub-scale of positive symptoms SOPS: 11 and 7 (p 0.001). No differences in the ANS severity on the sub-scale of negative symptoms were detected (17 and 18.5, p=0.207). There were also no differences in the ANS severity on the SANS scale (40 and 47, p=0.163).ConclusionsIt has been established that patients at CHR with APS also have ANS, which may have clinical significance for early detection of psychosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A systematic review of the relationship between emotional intelligence and diabetes management
Authors: Pérez Fernández A. , Fernández-Berrocal P. , Gutiérrez-Cobo M.J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDiabetes has been associated to affective disorders and mental health problems which complicate the management of the disease. Emotional intelligence (EI), or the ability to perceive, facilitate, understand and regulate emotions has shown to be a protective factor of emotional disorders in general population.ObjectivesTo evaluate the role of EI and EI training in the biological and psychological variables related to people with Type 1 and 2 diabetes.MethodsA systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Scopus database without time limitations, for studies examining the link between diabetes and EI. A total of 11 eligible studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria.ResultsWe divided the results into four sections: 1) EI and HbA1c, 2) EI training effects, 3) Differences in EI between persons with diabetes and without diabetes, and 4) EI and psychological adjustment and well-being. The results showed negative correlations between EI and HbA1C, positive effects of EI training on quality of life, anxiety and glycaemic control, no differences in EI between people with diabetes and healthy individuals and, finally, negative correlations between EI and different psychological variables such as diabetes-related anxiety and distress, and positive correlations with quality of life, well-being and marital satisfaction.ConclusionsEI appear to be a promising protective factor for biological and psychological variables in individuals with diabetes. This systematic review offers a starting point for a theoretical and practical understanding of the role played by EI in the management of diabetes. Limitation and future lines of investigations will be discussed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mental Health Sequelae in Health Professionals in Spain during the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Lusilla-Palacios P. 
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised several concerns regarding its mental health effect on patients and professionals. In the beginning, the absence of knowledge about the disease transmission or effective therapies, the quick spread among the population collapsing hospitals in combination with the lack of protection measures put healthcare professionals working in the frontline in a high stressful situation. The professionals had to face several unprecedented challenges: improvised hospitals, living in hotels to avoid infecting the family, deciding, as in wartime, which patients could be intubated and which could not, doubling shifts, and above all, the uncertainty about the disease, the high severity and the contagiousness that isolated the patients from their family, leaving the health professional with the responsibility of being a caregiver in the broad sense of the word. With this picture several studies have reported a high prevalence of mental disorders. A survey of 9138 Spanish professionals conducted during the first wave of the pandemic showed that 45.7% had a mental disorder (depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks, post-traumatic stress disorder and SUD), 14.5% had any disabling current mental disorder and 8.4% had suicidal thoughts. In Spain, managed by the Galatea Foundation, there is a special programme of confidential care for doctors with a mental illness or addiction. During the pandemic, a 30% increase of requests for help were registered, 70% of which came from primary health care professionals. The presentation provides also qualitative data with testimonies of professionals and anti-stress protection measures implemented by some health institutions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
An Overview Of The Mental Health Problems Among Elite Athletes – Is It A Dream Or A Nightmare?
Authors: Nombora O. , Lopes L. , Santa Marinha L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMental health problems (MHP) are common among elite athletes (EA) and have received increased attention recently, revealing the need to assess them properly. Although EA are increasingly speaking out on their own MHP in public, research-informed approaches for practitioners are still lacking.ObjectivesWe aim to perform an overview of the MPH among EA, emphasizing the potential risk factors and interventions.MethodsWe conduct a non-systematic review of the recent evidence on the topic using PubMed/Medline database.ResultsAlthough EA have comparable prevalence rates of MHP to the general population, they are exposed to various sports-related stressors. Studies reveal that 50% of EA face MHP during their career, with onset peak around 19 years. Therefore, there is a need for early detection and intervention. Burnout, alcohol abuse, anxiety, depression, insomnia and eating disorders are some MHP reported. Their management should address psychosocial and environmental aspects. Psychoeducation and psychotherapy are considered the first line treatment. Moreover, EA may encounter barriers to seeking mental healthcare. Therefore, it is important to promote positive attitudes about MHP, create an environment that supports mental well-being, resilience, psychological flexibility, self-compassion and coping skills. Screening tools may facilitate the process, so there is a need for validated athlete-specific questionnaires for MHP screening and measuring.ConclusionsMental health is an integral dimension of EA wellbeing and performance and should be assessed. Specific programs to support EA mental health are recommended and research targeting common MHP for athletes are needed to better understand how to minimize their distress.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Interrelations between insomnia, dreaming, and schizotypy in the general population: A network model
Authors: Báthori N. , Polner B. , Simor P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInsomnia and Nightmare disorder are the two most common comorbid sleep disturbances in psychotic conditions. However, insomnia and psychotic symptoms are umbrella terms that hide the heterogeneity of these concepts. Several studies have found that worsening sleep quality is associated with the strengthening of psychotic symptoms. Until now, there was less interest in the relationship between the specific insomnia symptoms (trouble with falling asleep, fragmented sleep, early awakenings, daytime consequences) and the specific dimensions of schizotypy (disorganization, unusual perceptual experiences, anhedonia, and impulsive nonconformity).ObjectivesThe study aimed to depict the network structure of insomnia, dreaming features (dream recall/bad dream/nightmare frequency), and schizotypy dimensions.MethodsExploratory network analysis was conducted on cross-sectional data of the general population (N=1419, 77 % female). We modeled the interrelations between insomnia symptoms (Athens Insomnia Scale), dreaming features (the frequency of dream recall/bad dreams/nightmares), and the dimensions of schizotypy (OLIFE-S).Resultsshow a highly connected network with strong stability. The nodes of schizotypy, insomnia, and dream feature perfectly correspond to their own clusters, but the nodes were also densely connected between the three clusters. Disorganization, frequent awakenings, and nightmares are the most central nodes of the clusters. The node of frequent nightmares seems to be the bridge symptom in this network which connects unusual experiences dimension and frequent awakenings.ConclusionsThese results suggest that specific dimensions of schizotypy and specific sleep complaints are differently connected. However further research is needed to investigate the finer details of these heterogenic phenomena.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Mourning and psychotic disorders: A different way to experience the loss
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández L.T. , Costa M.L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWe present the case of a 48-year-old female patient diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder whose father passed away recently. The patient was facing an appalling mourning which was expressed in the form of behavior disorder and positive psychotic symptoms. Mourning is a natural reaction to the loss of a loved one which involves an internal world transformation, affecting both images of the self and the perceived environment.ObjectivesTo analyse the guidelines for mourning approach in chronic psychotic patients.MethodsA case report is presented alongside a review of the relevant literature regarding mourning in patients with chronic psychotic conditions.ResultsAccepting the loss, working through disruptive emotions, adjusting to a world without the deceased and finding an enduring connection with the loved one are the four tasks of mourning described by Worden. In our case, the patient was immersed in the first two tasks. Difficulties in accepting the loss, tolerating harmful emotions and establishing new affective links were observed, as well as massive projection of unbearable emotions such as sadness, anger, fear and guilt. The available literature identifies these idiosyncrasies as common in the grief processing in patients with chronic psychotic disorders.ConclusionsIn patients with psychosis, difficulties in symbolization, emotional processing and social bonding could have repercussions in the development of grief. However, these features do not imply a pathologic mourning. Tolerating mourning as a normal reaction in psychotic patients is needed, even if the patient expresses non-typical symptoms such as acute psychosis symptoms, hallucinations or behavior disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Insomnia as a concerned mental health issue during COVID-19 pandemic: A google trend analysis
Authors: Aniwattanapong D. , Phetsayanavin V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInsomnia is one of the most common major health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been limited evidence that showed the correlation between insomnia and COVID-19 using Google trend.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on interest in insomnia, including national mental health by a Google trend analysis that implicitly represents the state of distress and concern for this pandemic.MethodsWe examined the Google trend search query data from these sleep-related keywords: insomnia, restless leg, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from 1 Jan 2020 to 30 May 2020 and explored the correlation between the internet search volumes for insomnia and the cumulative number of new COVID-19 cases. In addition, we investigated the internet search pattern over time, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsDuring the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic between January and May 2020, the Relative Search Volumes (RSV) curves showed that the cumulative number of new COVID-19 cases was significantly correlated with the rising search for these keywords linking to sleep-related conditions as follows: ‘insomnia’ (r = 0.41, p < 0.001), and ‘restless leg’ (r = 0.19, p = 0.009). However, it was not correlated with the keyword ‘OSA’ (r = -0.14, p = 0.07).ConclusionsThese findings emphasize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on insomnia and the crucial need for public mental health interventions to be offered and accessible. The Google trend could be used as a new tool for public mental health surveillance in a new normal lifestyle.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Self-stigma and coping strategies in remitted Tunisian patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Jenhani R. , Ellouze S. , Bougacha D. , Znaidi F. , Ghachem R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPatients with bipolar disorder may adjust their behaviors and choose a coping strategy to face self-stigma and avoid unpleasant social and professional adversities. These coping orientations are either defensive, or active behavioral strategies.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess self-stigma in remitted patients with bipolar disorder and to investigate coping strategies to struggle the internalized stigma.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of 61 patients with bipolar disorder. Euthymia was verified using the Hamilton scale for depression and the Young scale for mania. We used the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) to evaluate self-stigma, the Stigma coping orientation Scale (SCOS) to assess coping strategies.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 43.4 years. The sex ratio was 2.4. The mean score on the ISMI was 2.36. More than half of our patients (59%) were self-stigmatized. Secrecy (57%) and withdrawal (56%) were the most adopted coping strategies. The mean self-stigma score was significantly associated with higher scores on defensive coping strategies such as secrecy (p<10-3) and withdrawal (p<10-3). However, scores on challenging (p<10-3), education (p<10-3) and distancing (p=0.014) strategies were inversely correlated with self-stigma scores. The logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between defensive coping strategies (secrecy and withdrawal) and internalized stigma.ConclusionsThe relationship between defensive coping strategies and self-stigma appears to be bidirectional. Enhancing coping strategies oriented to education, challenging and engaging patients in social interaction and reducing the use of deleterious coping strategies focusing on secrecy and withdrawal may lead to restrict self-stigma.DisclosureNo significant relationships.