bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain-to-strain variability among Staphylococcus aureus causing prosthetic joint infection drives heterogeneity in response to levofloxacin and rifampicin
Authors: Meléndez-Carmona María Ángeles , Mancheño-Losa Mikel , Ruiz-Sorribas Albert , Muñoz-Gallego Irene , Viedma Esther , Chaves Fernando , Van Bambeke Françoise , Lora-Tamayo Jaime 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Levofloxacin and rifampicin are the preferred treatment for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus, especially when managed with implant retention (DAIR). However, a significant variability of success has been reported, which could be related to intrinsic characteristics of the microorganism. Our aim was to evaluate the variability in the anti-biofilm response to levofloxacin and rifampicin in a clinical collection of S. aureus.

Material and methods
Eleven levofloxacin- and rifampicin-susceptible S. aureus isolates causing PJI managed with DAIR were included. Levofloxacin, rifampicin and levofloxacin + rifampicin were tested in an in vitro static biofilm model in microtitre plates, where 48 h biofilms were challenged with antimicrobials during 24 h. Additionally, two genetically similar strains were tested in the CDC Biofilm Reactor, where 48 h biofilms were treated during 56 h. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by viable biofilm-embedded cells recount, and by crystal violet staining.

Results
All antimicrobial regimens showed significant anti-biofilm activity, but a notable scattering in the response was observed across all strains (inter-strain coefficient of variation for levofloxacin, rifampicin and levofloxacin + rifampicin of 22.8%, 35.8% and 34.5%, respectively). This variability was tempered with the combination regimen when tested in the biofilm reactor. No correlation was observed between the minimal biofilm eradicative concentration and the antimicrobial activity. Recurrent S. aureus isolates exhibited higher biofilm-forming ability compared with strains from resolved infections (7.6 log10 cfu/cm2±0.50 versus 9.0 log10 cfu±0.07).

Conclusions
Significant variability may be expected in response to levofloxacin and rifampicin among biofilm-embedded S. aureus. A response in the lower range, together with other factors of bad prognosis, could be responsible of treatment failure.
Computer clinical decision support that automates personalized clinical care: a challenging but needed healthcare delivery strategy
Authors: Morris Alan H , Horvat Christopher , Stagg Brian , Grainger David W , Lanspa Michael , Orme James , Clemmer Terry P , Weaver Lindell K , Thomas Frank O , Grissom Colin K , Hirshberg Ellie , East Thomas D , Wallace Carrie Jane , Young Michael P , Sittig Dean F , Suchyta Mary , Pearl James E , Pesenti Antinio , Bombino Michela , Beck Eduardo , Sward Katherine A , Weir Charlene , Phansalkar Shobha , Bernard Gordon R , Thompson B Taylor , Brower Roy , Truwit Jonathon , Steingrub Jay , Hiten R Duncan , Willson Douglas F , Zimmerman Jerry J , Nadkarni Vinay , Randolph Adrienne G , Curley Martha A Q , Newth Christopher J L , Lacroix Jacques , Agus Michael S D , Lee Kang Hoe , deBoisblanc Bennett P , Moore Frederick Alan , Evans R Scott , Sorenson Dean K , Wong Anthony , Boland Michael V , Dere Willard H , Crandall Alan , Facelli Julio , Huff Stanley M , Haug Peter J , Pielmeier Ulrike , Rees Stephen E , Karbing Dan S , Andreassen Steen , Fan Eddy , Goldring Roberta M , Berger Kenneth I , Oppenheimer Beno W , Ely E Wesley , Pickering Brian W , Schoenfeld David A , Tocino Irena , Gonnering Russell S , Pronovost Peter J , Savitz Lucy A , Dreyfuss Didier , Slutsky Arthur S , Crapo James D , Pinsky Michael R , James Brent , Berwick Donald M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHow to deliver best care in various clinical settings remains a vexing problem. All pertinent healthcare-related questions have not, cannot, and will not be addressable with costly time- and resource-consuming controlled clinical trials. At present, evidence-based guidelines can address only a small fraction of the types of care that clinicians deliver. Furthermore, underserved areas rarely can access state-of-the-art evidence-based guidelines in real-time, and often lack the wherewithal to implement advanced guidelines. Care providers in such settings frequently do not have sufficient training to undertake advanced guideline implementation. Nevertheless, in advanced modern healthcare delivery environments, use of eActions (validated clinical decision support systems) could help overcome the cognitive limitations of overburdened clinicians. Widespread use of eActions will require surmounting current healthcare technical and cultural barriers and installing clinical evidence/data curation systems. The authors expect that increased numbers of evidence-based guidelines will result from future comparative effectiveness clinical research carried out during routine healthcare delivery within learning healthcare systems.
Comparisons of five least-squares adaptive matched filtering methods in multiple suppression
Authors: Wang Zhong-Sheng , Li Yong-Xin , Su Wu-Que , Li Zhong-Sheng , Zhang Ji-Feng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we comprehensively compare the application effects of five least-squares adaptive matched filtering methods (the single-channel, the multichannel, the equipoise multichannel, the pseudo multichannel and the equipoise pseudo multichannel) for multiple suppression in three representative datasets with different degrees of orthogonality. By introducing an error function, we can quantitatively analyse the influence of the five methods for multiple suppression in terms of the filter length, the normalized regularization factor, the number of matched channels, the iteration number, the amplitude ratio and noise immunity. In addition, we provide the corresponding optimal parameters or their selection principles. The comparison results show that: (i) the dependence on orthogonality is not the same for these five methods; only the equipoise multichannel and the equipoise pseudo multichannel methods can effectively reduce the dependence on orthogonality; (ii) the single-channel method is relatively balanced in all aspects; (iii) the pseudo multichannel and the equipoise pseudo multichannel methods have a stronger shaping ability but generate larger errors; (iv) the multichannel method requires a higher degree of orthogonality and (v) the optimal parameters derived from the three datasets will be better reference values for complex models or field data for the multiple suppression.
Method for assessing the three-dimensional density structure based on gravity gradient inversion and gravity gradient curvature
Authors: Tian Yu , He Huiyou , Ye Qing , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCompared with gravity data, gravity gradient data can reflect the structural features of density anomalies with higher sensitivity and resolution. Gravity gradient inversion is a common method for interpreting gravity gradient data, but the non-uniqueness of gravity gradient inversion solutions makes it difficult to quickly determine the effectiveness and reliability of the inversion results. To solve this problem, this paper combines the gravity gradient inversion and gravity gradient curvature methods and applies them to different sets of synthetic models. The gravity gradient inversion results are useful primarily for determining the spatial distributions and physical properties of density anomalies, while the gravity gradient curvature results have a prominent advantage in judging the geometric features of the density anomalies. In addition, one form of gravity gradient curvature, the contour lines of the shape index, can be compared with the top view of the inversion results to rapidly confirm the distribution of density anomalies, which is especially valuable for unexplored regions. On the basis of the respective advantages and features of these two methods, the gravity gradient curvature can be used as an important criterion to judge the results of gravity gradient inversion. The two methods are then combined to analyse airborne gravity gradient data measured in the field at the Kauring Test Site in Australia. Compared with the findings of previous gravity inversion research, this study shows that several anomalous blocks exist in the vicinity of the central anomalies, thereby demonstrating that the combination of these two methods is effective and reliable in identifying density anomalies.
Identification and Management of Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in North America
Authors: Coyle David R , Adams Jamielee , Bullas-Appleton Erin , Llewellyn Jennifer , Rimmer Alexander , Skvarla Michael J , Smith Sandy M , Chong Juang-Horng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Boxwood (Buxus spp.) is one of the most commonly planted shrubs in urban landscapes across North America, and in Europe Buxus species comprise a significant portion of the forest understory. Cydalima perspectalis (colloquially known as the box tree moth) is a defoliator capable of causing mortality-inducing damage on boxwood in both natural and managed settings. Native to Asia, C. perspectalis is now established in both Europe and Canada and has been detected multiple times in the U.S. Here we review the life cycle and potential impact of C. perspectalis in Canada and the U.S. We discuss effective integrated management strategies and provide areas where management and detection could be improved. Rigorous detection systems will be crucial to preventing the establishment and future management of C. perspectalis in North America.
Taxonomic revision of maned sloths, subgenusBradypus(Scaeopus), Pilosa, Bradypodidae, with revalidation ofBradypus crinitusGray, 1850
Authors: Miranda Flavia R , Garbino Guilherme S T , Machado Fabio A , Perini Fernando A , Santos Fabricio R , Casali Daniel M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present a taxonomic revision of maned sloths, subgenus Bradypus (Scaeopus), a taxon endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and currently composed of a single species, the vulnerable Bradypus torquatus. Our review is based on coalescent species delimitation analyses using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, morphological analyses, and field observations. Our integrative approach demonstrates that two species of maned sloth can be recognized: the northern maned sloth (Bradypus torquatusIlliger, 1811) occurring in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe, and the southern maned sloth (Bradypus crinitusGray, 1850), occurring in Rio de Janeiro and Espirito Santo states. The two species diverged in the Early Pliocene and are allopatrically distributed. We discuss the biogeographic pattern of the two maned sloth species, comparing it with other Atlantic Forest mammals. We also suggest that the conservation status of both maned sloths needs to be reassessed after this taxonomic rearrangement.
Resurrection of the genus Subulo for the gray brocket deer, with designation of a neotype
Authors: Bernegossi Agda Maria , Borges Carolina Heloisa de Souza , Sandoval Eluzai Dinai Pinto , Cartes José Luis , Cernohorska Halina , Kubickova Svatava , Vozdova Miluse , Caparroz Renato , González Susana , Duarte José Maurício Barbanti 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The gray brocket deer, Mazama gouazoubiraG. Fischer, 1814, occurs in South America and presents an extensive degree of morphological and genetic variability. Previous phylogenetic research showed that the genus Mazama is polyphyletic and imposed the designation of a different genus-group name for M. gouazoubira. We aimed to review and clarify the taxonomy of M. gouazoubira through the proposal of updating the nomenclature for this taxon and by the characterization of specimens collected close to the original type locality (topotypes). The topotypes were characterized by morphological (general characterization and morphometry), cytogenetic (conventional staining, Ag-NOR, G- and C-banding, and fluorescence in situ hybridization), and phylogenetic (mitogenomes) approaches. We revealed chromosome homologies between cattle and M. gouazoubira using an entire set of cattle whole chromosome painting probes and propose an updated G-band idiogram for the species. The morphometric analysis did not discriminate the individuals of M. gouazoubira, including the topotypes, from other small brocket deer species. However, the phylogenetic analysis, based on a Bayesian inference tree of the mitogenomes, confirmed the polyphyly of the genus Mazama and supported the need to change the gray brocket deer genus-group name. Based on our revision, we validated the genus SubuloSmith, 1827, and fixed a type species for the genus. In the absence of the holotype, we denominated a neotype described by the collection of a male topotype in Paraguay. The nomenclature rearrangement presented here is a starting point that will assist in the taxonomic resolution of Neotropical deer.
Pediatric COVID-19 Health Disparities and Vaccine Equity
Authors: Oliveira Carlos R , Feemster Kristen A , Ulloa Erlinda R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While most children with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) experience mild illness, some are vulnerable to severe disease and develop long-term complications. Children with disabilities, those from lower-income homes, and those from racial and ethnic minority groups are more likely to be hospitalized and to have poor outcomes following an infection. For many of these same children, a wide range of social, economic, and environmental disadvantages have made it more difficult for them to access COVID-19 vaccines. Ensuring vaccine equity in children and decreasing health disparities promotes the common good and serves society as a whole. In this article, we discuss how the pandemic has exposed long-standing injustices in historically marginalized groups and provide a summary of the research describing the disparities associated with COVID-19 infection, severity, and vaccine uptake. Last, we outline several strategies for addressing some of the issues that can give rise to vaccine inequity in the pediatric population.
The role of invasive plant species in drought resilience in agriculture: the case of sweet briar (Rosa rubiginosa L.)
Authors: Hura Tomasz , Hura Katarzyna , Ostrowska Agnieszka , Gadzinowska Joanna , Urban Karolina , Pawłowska Bożena 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sweet briar (Rosa rubiginosa) belongs to the group of wild roses. Under natural conditions it grows throughout Europe, and was introduced also into the southern hemisphere, where it has efficiently adapted to dry lands. This review focuses on the high adaptation potential of sweet briar to soil drought in the context of global climatic changes, especially considering steppe formation and desertification of agricultural, orchard, and horticultural areas. We provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on sweet briar traits associated with drought tolerance and particularly water use efficiency, sugar accumulation, accumulation of CO2 in intercellular spaces, stomatal conductance, gibberellin level, effective electron transport between photosystem II and photosystem I, and protein content. We discuss the genetics and potential applications in plant breeding and suggest future directions of study concerning invasive populations of R. rubiginosa. Finally, we point out that sweet briar can provide new genes for breeding in the context of depleting gene pools of the crop plants.
Elucidation of the interactome of the sucrose transporter StSUT4: sucrose transport is connected to ethylene and calcium signalling
Authors: Garg Varsha , Reins Jana , Hackel Aleksandra , Kühn Christina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sucrose transporters of the SUT4 clade show dual targeting to both the plasma membrane as well as to the vacuole. Previous investigations revealed a role for the potato sucrose transporter StSUT4 in flowering, tuberization, shade avoidance response, and ethylene production. Down-regulation of StSUT4 expression leads to early flowering, tuberization under long days, far-red light insensitivity, and reduced diurnal ethylene production. Sucrose export from leaves was increased and a phase-shift of soluble sugar accumulation in source leaves was observed, arguing for StSUT4 to be involved in the entrainment of the circadian clock. Here, we show that StSUT4, whose transcripts are highly unstable and tightly controlled at the post-transcriptional level, connects components of the ethylene and calcium signalling pathway. Elucidation of the StSUT4 interactome using the split ubiquitin system helped to prove direct physical interaction between the sucrose transporter and the ethylene receptor ETR2, as well as with the calcium binding potato calmodulin-1 (PCM1) protein, and a calcium-load activated calcium channel. The impact of calcium ions on transport activity and dual targeting of the transporter was investigated in detail. For this purpose, a reliable esculin-based transport assay was established for SUT4-like transporters. Site-directed mutagenesis helped to identify a diacidic motif within the seventh transmembrane spanning domain that is essential for sucrose transport activity and targeting, but not required for calcium-dependent inhibition. A link between sucrose, calcium and ethylene signalling has been previously postulated with respect to pollen tube growth, shade avoidance response, or entrainment of the circadian clock. Here, we provide experimental evidence for the direct interconnection of these signalling pathways at the molecular level by direct physical interaction of the main players.
Minor Cross-Matching in the Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in an 18-Month-Old Boy
Authors: Routray Suman Sudha , Tripathy Sukanta , Das Palash , Ray Gopal Krushna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn developing nations, limitations in diagnostic facilities act as a barrier for differentiation of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) based on the etiology. A sick-looking 18-month-old boy presented to our hospital in Bhubaneswar, India, with clinical signs and symptoms of left lobar pneumonia, abnormal hematological and renal parameters, no growth in blood culture, a negative direct antiglobulin test (DAT) result, and low complement levels. A rapid deterioration in his clinical condition necessitated intensive care support, blood transfusion, and renal replacement therapy (peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis). Because his health care team suspected atypical HUS, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was initiated as soon as possible. In the absence of a lectin panel, minor cross-matching confirmed T-antigen exposure. With a diagnosis of HUS induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae (sp-HUS), TPE was stopped immediately, and washed blood components were administered. Despite the aforementioned measures, the boy died of HUS on day 20 after presentation. This case emphasized the role of minor cross-matching in the detecting of polyagglutination in resolving the diagnostic dilemma of sp-HUS.
‘Blundering Brutuses’: Michael Field, Nonconformism, and The Politics of Social Purity
Authors: Murray Alex 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article explores the contexts of nonconformism and social purity that underpin Michael Field’s (Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper) verse drama Brutus Ultor (1886). Based on new archival research, the article explores Bradley’s role in the Ladies National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Act and argues that the play is a complex commentary on the social purity movement and, in particular, on W.T. Stead’s campaigning journalism. More broadly, the article argues for the importance of Michael Field’s nonconformist background in the development of their oeuvre.
Celestial Nonsense: George Macdonald’s Apophatic Play
Authors: Gabelman Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article seeks to expand the boundaries of literary nonsense to include more overtly theological writers like George MacDonald. According to most critics of nonsense, God and religion are ‘absolutely forbidden’ from the genre, but the reasons for this exclusion are never demonstrated and seem to be based on taste rather than evidence. After defining the key features of nonsense as play, paradox, and transgression, the article notes a surprising overlap between these features and the traditional characteristics of Western apophaticism. It then explores the structure and style of what G.K. Chesterton calls MacDonald’s ‘celestial nonsense’. With a focus on At the Back of the North Wind and frequent comparisons to other children’s fantasies (particularly Lewis Carroll’s Alice books), the article argues that MacDonald intuits the affinity between nonsense and apophaticism to develop his seraphic style. This style is unashamedly ‘childlike’, a paradoxical and embarrassing blend of silly gravity and solemn levity. The conclusion then gestures to how others (Elizabeth Sewell, Chesterton, Christina Rossetti, J.R.R. Tolkien) might also be profitably considered writers of ‘celestial nonsense’.
P027 Early warning bells: emergence of fluconazole resistance in Candida parapsilosis
Authors: Ajapuje Preeti 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM
Preeti S. Ajapuje1, Parikshit S. Prayag1, Bharat D. Purandare1, Sampada A. Patwardhan2, Shweta P. Panchakshari1, Rajeev N. Soman1
Department of Infectious Diseases, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune
2Department of Microbiology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune

Objectives
To study the susceptibility patterns in blood isolates of Candida parapsilosis at a tertiary care center.

Methods
This was a retrospective observational study of nine cases of candidemia due to C. Parapsilosis over a period of 1 year. Data were collected using the hospital’s electronic health records. Species identification was done using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) (Bruker Biotyper Sirius-Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany). Antifungal susceptibility was performed by broth microdilution method using Sensititre™ YeastOne™ YO1O AST Plates (Thermofisher Scientific, USA).

Results
All patients with C. parapsilosis bloodstream infection had central venous access and all patients had received broad-spectrum antibiotics at the time of developing candidemia. Four patients developed C. parapsilosis candidemia in the post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) setting. Out of the 9 isolates, 7 (77.7%) were resistant to fluconazole, 2 were resistant to voriconazole and posaconazole, and 1 isolate was resistant to amphotericin. A total of 4/9 patients were started on fluconazole prior to antifungal susceptibility testing; 3 of these needed to be switched to an echinocandin due to fluconazole resistance.

Conclusion
Fluconazole resistance in this study was seen in 7/9 (77.7%) isolates which is more than what has been previously described for C. parapsilosis. This makes fluconazole a poor choice for the treatment of C. parapsilosis in our institute. These findings may have an implication in the selection or de-escalation of antifungal treatment for C. parapsilosis.