bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipophilic NO‐Driven Nanomotors as Drug Balloon Coating for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Tang Xueting , Chen Lin , Wu Ziyu , Li Yazhou , Zeng Jiaqi , Jiang Wentao , Lv Wenzhi , Wan Mimi , Mao Chun , Zhou Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrug‐coated balloons (DCB) intervention is an important approach for the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). However, this therapeutic approach has the drawbacks of poor drug retention and penetration at the lesion site. Here, a lipophilic drug‐loaded nanomotor as a modified balloon coating for the treatment of AS is reported. First, a lipophilic nanomotor PMA‐TPP/PTX loaded with drug PTX and lipophilic triphenylphosphine (TPP) compounds is synthesized. The PMA‐TPP/PTX nanomotors use nitric oxide (NO) as the driving force, which is produced from the reaction between arginine on the motor substrate and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the AS microenvironment. The final in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirm that the introduction of the lipophilic drug‐loaded nanomotor technology can greatly enhance the drug retention and permeability in atherosclerotic lesions. In particular, NO can also play an anti‐AS role in improving endothelial cell function and reducing oxidative stress. The chemotherapeutic drug PTX loaded onto the nanomotors can inhibit cell division and proliferation, thereby exerting the effect of inhibiting vascular intimal hyperplasia, which is helpful for the multiple therapies of AS. Using nanomotor technology to solve cardiovascular diseases may be a promising research direction.
Pyrolysis of low‐rank coal: Thermo‐kinetic analysis and product characterization
Authors: Sabat Gayatri , Gouda Narayan , Panda Achyut Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPyrolysis, the primary process accompanying the thermal degradation of coal, is complicated, and understanding this process requires kinetic analysis followed by product characterization. In this context, the present work involves the study of kinetics and thermodynamics of low‐rank Indian coal from thermogravimetric analysis data followed by batch pyrolysis and subsequent analysis of the liquid products. The thermal degradation of the coal sample has been carried out using a thermogravimetric analyzer from ambient temperature to 1350 K at five different heating rates (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25⁰C/min) under N2 atmosphere. The kinetic triplets (E, A, and n) are evaluated using the order‐based model‐fitting method. The result of this work shows that coal pyrolysis satisfies the first‐order kinetics mechanism with an average activation energy of 62.141 kJ/mol and a pre‐exponential factor of 123.835 min–1. Thermodynamic parameters such as average enthalpy change (ΔH), entropy change (ΔS), and free energy change (ΔG) of coal pyrolysis are calculated to be 56.1716 kJ/mol, –225.524 kJ/mol/s, and 1.6212 × 105 kJ/mol, respectively. A Batch pyrolysis study of coal was carried out in a semi‐batch reactor at different temperatures with an optimum oil yield of 18.94 wt% at 450°C. The chemical composition of pyrolytic oil was investigated by the FTIR and GC‐MS analysis confirmed the presence of D‐Limonene as the major constituent in the coal pyrolytic oil.
From regime‐building to implementation: Harnessing the UN climate conferences to drive climate action
Authors: Obergassel Wolfgang , Bauer Steffen , Hermwille Lukas , Aykut Stefan C. , Boran Idil , Chan Sander , Fraude Carolin , Klein Richard J. T. , Mar Kathleen A. , Schroeder Heike , Simeonova Katia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe gap between the internationally agreed climate objectives and tangible emissions reductions looms large. We explore how the supreme decision‐making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Conference of the Parties (COP), could develop to promote more effective climate policy. We argue that promoting implementation of climate action could benefit from focusing more on individual sectoral systems, particularly for mitigation. We consider five key governance functions of international institutions to discuss how the COP and the sessions it convenes could advance implementation of the Paris Agreement: guidance and signal, rules and standards, transparency and accountability, means of implementation, and knowledge and learning. In addition, we consider the role of the COP and its sessions as mega‐events of global climate policy. We identify opportunities for promoting sectoral climate action across all five governance functions and for both the COP as a formal body and the COP sessions as conducive events. Harnessing these opportunities would require stronger involvement of national ministries in addition to the ministries of foreign affairs and environment that traditionally run the COP process, as well as stronger involvement of non‐Party stakeholders within formal COP processes.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
Nature‐based coagulants for drinking water treatment: An ecotoxicological overview
Authors: El Bouaidi Widad , Libralato Giovanni , Tazart Zakaria , Enaime Ghizlane , Douma Mountasser , Ounas Abdelaziz , Yaacoubi Abdelrani , Lofrano Giusy , Carotenuto Maurizio , Saviano Lorenzo , Siciliano Antonietta , Romano Spica Vincenzo , Guida Marco , Loudiki Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe intensive human activities extensively contaminated water sources making its treatment a problem of paramount importance, especially with the increasing of global population and water scarcity. The application of natural coagulants has become a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional ones. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of four plant extracts namely Agave americana, Carpobrotus acinaciformis, Austrocylindropuntia subulate, and Senicio anteuphorbium as natural coagulants to remove Microcystis aeruginosa cyanobacterium from water. The effects of pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8 9, and 10) and coagulant dose (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mg/L) on the coagulation efficiency were investigated. Results showed that plant‐based extracts exhibited high coagulant abilities significantly contributing to the removal of M. aeruginosa cells up to 80% on a case‐by‐case basis. The ecotoxicity (Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata, and Sorghum saccharatum) was absent or presented very slight acute toxicity up to 12.5 mg/L being S. anteuphorbium the least toxic.Practitioner Points

Nature‐based plant extracts showed removal rates up to 80%.
Lower pH and A. subulate and S. anteuphorbium were the most efficient coagulants
Toxicity effects were plant extracts‐based and dose function.
A. subulate and S. anteuphorbium were the least toxic extracts.
Nonsimilar modeling and numerical convective transport analysis of forced flow of radiative Carreau nanofluid with zero mass flux boundary condition
Authors: Raees Ammarah , Saeed Sidra , Hussain Muzamil , Farooq Umer , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPresent research focuses on nonsimilar analysis of the flow of a non‐Newtonian Carreau nanofluid against different geometrical configurations affected by thermal radiations. The flow is induced by stretchable surface with the implementation of zero‐net mass‐flux conditions on the surface. This considered model is commonly known as Kuznetsov and Nield's proposed updated model for nanoparticles. The derived flow equations are first nondimensionalized by employing appropriate nonsimilar transformations. The transformed system is analytically tackled by employing the local nonsimilarity (LNS) approach up to the second‐truncation level in association with the numerical algorithm bvp4c. The consequences of appropriate parameters, such as the suction parameter, wedge angle parameter, Weissenberg number, Prandtl number, constant velocity parameter, temperature ratio, Brownian motion, Lewis number, thermophoresis and radiation parameters, on fluid velocity, thermal, and concentration profiles are calculated and graphed. Drag coefficient, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are also computed and presented in tabular form. It is observed that intensification in the suction parameter shows augmentation in the local skin friction coefficient. Enhancement in the wedge angle parameter increases both the Sherwood and Nusselt numbers. Enhancement in velocity profile of the nanofluids is noticed with the increasing estimations of suction parameter. Thermophoresis parameter enhances both thermal and concentration profiles, however increasing Lewis number leads to a decline in the concentration boundary layer. With judgment, a comparative assessment is made of the present and previous results. This research may be helpful for the researchers that are interested in studying prospective industrial and engineering nanofluid applications, notably in geophysical and geothermal systems, heat exchangers, solar water heaters, and many others.
High-Value Medical Information and Quality Claims Review
Authors: (Mary) Tai Hsueh-Yung , Chang Yu-Pin , Wu Shwu-Huey 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe big data generated by the National Health Insurance (NHI) medical information system is the most important asset that Taiwan possesses in promoting national digital policies. Hence, it is the NHI’s priority to maintain the quality of the dataset and its interoperability with healthcare facilities. This chapter presents the process for claiming medical expenses in detail and gives examples of how the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) proactively assists providers to submit accurate claims.Although most medical examination and test results, images, etc., are uploaded in a timely manner to the NHI medical information system, the NHIA plans to bundle the reimbursement to the provider with data upload to further its accuracy. The author explains the strategies applied to strengthen the connection between the hospital information system of contracted institutions and the National Health Insurance MediCloud System (NHI MediCloud System) to improve the accuracy of the data uploaded, such as medical visit identifier, instant upload, and the write-off mechanism.The long-term collaboration among the NHI, contracted institutions, and information system vendors is the key to guaranteeing the quality of the dataset.
Payment Structure
Authors: Chang Yu-Pin , Liu Yu-Chuan , Chang Wen-Wen , Lee Chun-Fu , Lin Chun-Mei , Lin Shu-Hwa , Lee Min-Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe payment system has a great impact on the overall growth of medical expenses, the distribution of medical resources as well as medical efficiency and quality. To quickly integrate the existing civil service, labor, and farmers’ insurance system, the fee-for-service approach was adopted as the primary National Health Insurance (NHI) payment system at the beginning of its establishment. The content also elaborates the concept and operation mechanism of the global budget payment system and various supplemental payment methods in the NHI, such as case payment, per diem payment, pay-for-performance and Taiwan diagnosis-related groups (Tw-DRGs). The challenge of securing relative value units (RVUs) or RVU value to foster specific healthcare services is discussed in this chapter. The National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) continues to revise the fee schedule to reflect technological progress, real clinical needs and reasonable rewards for health professionals. In this chapter, we introduce the process for the revision of the fee schedule and the integration of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) in decision-making. To close the inevitable budget gap, self-management of the global budget for each NHI district and payment department was designed to contain medical costs.
Feasibility and Performance Case Study of a Private Mobile Cell in the Smart Factory Context
Authors: Neumann Arne , Martenvormfelde Lukas , Wisniewski Lukasz , Ferfers Tobias , Schuba Kornelia , Pieper Carsten , Musiol Torsten 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIndustrial applications in the era of Industry 4.0 require more flexibility for the integration of new sensors and actuators and also demand high mobility for which wired communication is unsuitable. For the integration of wireless communication systems in an industrial application, guaranteed high Quality of Services (QoSs) is a premise that is not fully covered by wireless systems such as WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee or LTE. For the latter, the evolution to 5G systems as private or public networks is a currently ongoing process.This paper examines the legal and technical requirements to operate a private mobile cell in a smart factory and presents measurements on latency and bandwidth performance of current state of the art hardware as well as the integration in an industrial Layer 2 communication system. The system in use is ready for only low demanding industrial real-time applications but, nevertheless, the advantages of a licensed frequency range for private use become visible. Furthermore, some concepts defined by the 3GPP, e.g. mini-slots and grant free transmission, are pointed out that are expected to enhance the QoS guarantees for industrial traffic.
Resource-Optimized Design of Communication Networks for Flexible Production Plants
Authors: Vukovic Petar , Höme Stephan , Kerschbaum Sven , Franke Jörg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the context of digitalization and Industry 4.0, the flexibility within the production halls is increasing more and more. This leads to an increasingly difficult planning of the communication network. The increase in the number of different network technologies operating in parallel will make planning, commissioning and service more and more difficult. It will no longer be possible to carry out a rough layout of the network, as stable communication will become more essential for the successful operation of the plant. Thus, for example, the increasing complexity can be faced with simulation software in various areas. The use of network simulations will therefore become increasingly important in the future. Already existing simulation tools in the field of network simulation show good results, but can only be carried out very late in the life cycle of a plant, where remaining errors become expensive. In this paper we will first show already existing network and material flow simulations in an industrial environment and then introduce and prototypically implement a new co-simulation approach.
Kamerabasierte virtuelle Lichtschranken
Authors: Gabloffsky Theo , Salomon Ralf 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungEin typisches Problem herkmmlicher Lichtschranken ist, dass sie nicht unterscheiden knnen, wer oder was sie ausgelst hat. Die kamerabasierten virtuellen Lichtschranken lsen dieses Problem durch eine Virtualisierung der Lichtschranke und durch den Einsatz einer Objekterkennung zur Erkennung ob ein zu untersuchendes Objekt die Lichtschranke auslst. Ein prototypischer Aufbau auf Basis eines RasperryPi 3 B+ und einer Raspberry Pi Cam V2 errzielte in der Vermessung der Geschwindigkeit von Curling Steinen eine Abweichung von 4,6 % im Vergleich zu einer realen Lichtschranke.
Cross-Company Data Exchange with Asset Administration Shells and Distributed Ledger Technology
Authors: Bröring Andre , Wisniewski Lukasz , Belyaev Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo overcome boundaries in the cross-company data exchange, a new solution to use Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) for the transfer of data between asset supplier and the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) in a remote repository is proposed in this paper. A short introduction to the AAS and an analysis of DLT in industrial context is given and showing useful properties for industrial usage as well as challenges to solve. The status of the exchange of AASs and possibilities to use DLT in supply chain tracking are described. The new solution combines both concepts by sending data through the distributed ledger from the supplier to the AAS. This is also shown in a proof-of-concept implementation of the solution using IOTA as a DLT and BaSyx as a framework for the AAS. The evaluation and discussion shows challenges and advantages from using the presented approach.
Supersymmetric explanation of the muon g – 2 anomaly with and without stable neutralino
Authors: Chakraborti Manimala , Iwamoto Sho , Kim Jong Soo , Masełek Rafał , Sakurai Kazuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper we explore the possibility of explaining the muon g − 2 anomaly in various types of supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. In particular, we investigate and compare the phenomenological constraints in the MSSM with stable neutralino and the other types of scenarios where the neutralino is unstable. For the latter case we study the Gauge Mediated SUSY Breaking (GMSB) scenario with very light gravitino and the UDD-type R-Parity Violating (RPV) scenario. In the MSSM with stable neutralino, the parameter region favoured by the (g − 2)μ is strongly constrained by the neutralino relic abundance and the dark matter direct detection experiments, as well as by the LHC searches in the lepton plus missing transverse energy channel. On the other hand, the scenarios without stable neutralino are free from the dark matter constraints, while the LHC constraints depends strongly on the decay of the neutralino. We find that in GMSB the entire parameter region favoured by the muon g − 2 is already excluded if the Next Lightest SUSY Particle (NLSP) is the neutralino. In the GMSB scenario with a stau NSLP and in the RPV scenario, LHC constraints are weaker than the stable neutralino case and a larger region of parameter space is available to fit the (g − 2)μ anomaly.
Two major genes associated with autoimmune arthritis, Ncf1 and Fcgr2b, additively protect mice by strengthening T cell tolerance
Authors: Li Qijing , Zhong Jianghong , Luo Huqiao , Urbonaviciute Vilma , Xu Zhongwei , He Chang , Holmdahl Rikard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA breach of T cell tolerance is considered as a major step in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, immunization with type II collagen (COL2) leads to arthritis in mice through T cells responding to the immunodominant COL2259–273 peptide. T cells could escape from thymus negative selection because endogenous COL2259–273 peptide only weakly binds to the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule Aq. To investigate the regulation of T cell tolerance, we used a new mouse strain BQ.Col2266E with homozygous D266E mutations in the Col2 gene leading to a replacement of the endogenous aspartic acid (D) to glutamic acid (E) at position 266 of the COL2259–273 peptide, resulting in stronger binding to Aq. We also established BQ.Col2264R mice carrying an additional K264R mutation changed the lysine (K) at position 264 to eliminate the major TCR recognition site. The BQ.Col2266E mice were fully resistant to CIA, while the BQ.Col2264R mice developed severe arthritis. Furthermore, we studied two of the most important non-MHCII genes associated with CIA, i.e., Ncf1 and Fcgr2b. Deficiency of either gene induced arthritis in BQ.Col2266E mice, and the downstream effects differ as Ncf1 deficiency reduced Tregs and was likely to decrease expression of autoimmune regulator (AIRE) while Fcgr2b did not. In conclusion, the new human-mimicking mouse model has strong T cell tolerance to COL2, which can be broken by deficiency of Fcgr2b or Ncf1, allowing activation of autoreactive T cells and development of arthritis.
Hypoalbuminemia affects the spatio-temporal tissue distribution of ochratoxin A in liver and kidneys: consequences for organ toxicity
Authors: Hassan Reham , Friebel Adrian , Brackhagen Lisa , Hobloss Zaynab , Myllys Maiju , González Daniela , Albrecht Wiebke , Mohammed Elsayed S. I. , Seddek Abdel-latif , Marchan Rosemarie , Cadenas Cristina , Cramer Benedikt , Humpf Hans-Ulrich , Hartl Lukas , Simbrunner Benedikt , Reiberger Thomas , Trauner Michael , Hoehme Stefan , Degen Gisela H. , Hengstler Jan G. , Ghallab Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypoalbuminemia (HA) is frequently observed in systemic inflammatory diseases and in liver disease. However, the influence of HA on the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of compounds with high plasma albumin binding remained insufficiently studied. The ‘lack-of-delivery-concept’ postulates that HA leads to less carrier mediated uptake of albumin bound substances into hepatocytes and to less glomerular filtration; in contrast, the ‘concept-of-higher-free-fraction’ argues that increased concentrations of non-albumin bound compounds facilitate hepatocellular uptake and enhance glomerular filtration. To address this question, we performed intravital imaging on livers and kidneys of anesthetized mice to quantify the spatio-temporal tissue distribution of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) based on its auto-fluorescence in albumin knockout and wild-type mice. HA strongly enhanced the uptake of OTA from the sinusoidal blood into hepatocytes, followed by faster secretion into bile canaliculi. These toxicokinetic changes were associated with increased hepatotoxicity in heterozygous albumin knockout mice for which serum albumin was reduced to a similar extent as in patients with severe hypoalbuminemia. HA also led to a shorter half-life of OTA in renal capillaries, increased glomerular filtration, and to enhanced uptake of OTA into tubular epithelial cells. In conclusion, the results favor the ‘concept-of-higher-free-fraction’ in HA; accordingly, HA causes an increased tissue uptake of compounds with high albumin binding and increased organ toxicity. It should be studied if this concept can be generalized to all compounds with high plasma albumin binding that are substrates of hepatocyte and renal tubular epithelial cell carriers.