bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Tomato Hybrids for Resistance against Tomato Mosaic Virus (ToMV)
Authors: Nadeem Sahar , Ullah Najeeb , Akhtar Khalid Pervaiz , Hameed Amjad , Saleem Muhammad Yussouf 
Published: April 2022

Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) drastically affects the tomato production worldwide. To deal with this problem, breeding of ToMV-resistant hybrids/varieties is the ultimate need and most successful approach. In wild tomato species, three dominant ToMV-resistant genes (Tm-1, Tm-2 and Tm-22 ) were identified and the World Vegetable Center developed few fresh market tomato lines resistant to ToMV by the introgression of these genes. Recently at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan a breeding programme was initiated to develop high yielding and ToMV tolerant hybrids using these lines. Current study was performed to screen elite F1 hybrids carrying Tm gene along with their parents against ToMV using mechanical inoculation, confirmation of the virus using DAS-ELISA and marker assisted selection of hybrids. Out of 28 hybrids and 17 parent accessions/genotypes, eight hybrids and five accessions were found to be highly resistant and the virus was not detected in DAS-ELISA. Five hybrids were resistant, nine hybrids and four genotypes were tolerant, while the remaining six hybrids and eight genotypes were susceptible. For the confirmation of Tm-22 gene, the tomato hybrids and their parents were subjected to molecular analysis using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) primers. The result of CAPS markers for the confirmation of Tm-22 gene was found consistent with phenotypic data of the inoculated tomato genotypes/ hybrids. Higher phenolic content, total soluble proteins, better CAT and SOD activities were positively correlated with resistance. Screening results based on phenotype, biochemical and molecular marker data indicate that hybrids carrying Tm-22 gene are good sources of resistance against ToMV.
Há associação entre características sociodemográficas, complicações, depressão, adesão medicamentosa e qualidade de vida em hemodiálise?
Authors: Pretto Carolina Renz , Stumm Eniva Miladi Fernandes 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar associação entre características sociodemográficas, complicações decorrentes da doença renal crônica,hemodiálise, adesão à terapêutica e indicativos de depressão com dimensões da qualidade de vida relacionadas à saúdeem pacientes com insuficiência renal submetidos ao tratamento hemodialítico. Método: pesquisa transversal, com 183pacientes das unidades renais região Noroeste e Missões, Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Teste de Morisky-Green. Aanálise ocorrerá com estatística descritiva, analítica e inferencial. Respeitados preceitos éticos de pesquisa com pessoas.Resultados Esperados: identificar associação entre características individuais, complicações, adesão à terapêutica edepressão com escores diminuídos de qualidade de vida e mobilizar a assistência multiprofissional direcionada a essesaspectos e determinantes para promover vida de qualidade a essa população.Palavras-chave: Doença Renal Crônica; Depressão; Qualidade de Vida; Enfermagem; Adesão à Medicação.
ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics, complications resulting from chronickidney disease, hemodialysis, adherence to therapy and indicative of depression with health-related quality of life dimensions in patients with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Method: cross-sectional study, with 183 patientsfrom the kidney care units of the Northwest region and Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A sociodemographic andclinical questionnaire was used, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Beck Depression Inventory and Morisky-Green Test. The analysis will take place with descriptive, analytical and inferential statistics. Respectful ethical precepts of research with people. Expected Results: identify association between individual characteristics, complications,adherence to therapy and depression with diminished quality of life scores and mobilize multiprofessional care directedto these aspects and determinants to promote quality life for this population.Keywords: Chronic Renal Insufficiency; Depression; Quality of Life; Nursing; Medication Adherence.
Assessment of the need for the use of digital medical decision support system in the diagnosis of diseases of the oral mucosa
Authors: Margaryan E. G. , Kadzhoian A. G. , Novozhilova N. E. , Atanesyan A. V. , Komogortseva V. E. , Bledzhyants G. A. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. To substantiate the need for the use of digital systems to support medical decision-making in the diagnosis of diseases of the oral mucosa.Materials and Methods. The study was conducted by the method of anonymous questionnaires, dedicated to the evaluation of the use of digital systems to support medical decision-making in the diagnosis of diseases of the oral mucosa, on the basis of the Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). The study analyzed 200 questionnaires of doctors aged 20 to 70 years. The main methods used in the study: statistical method using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by pairwise comparison using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test (with Benjamin-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons), questionnaire.Results. It was revealed that dentists with a long experience of medical practice from 15 to 20 years (77,8%) more often detect manifestations of diseases of the oral mucosa at a medical appointment. When analyzing the diagnosis of oral mucosa diseases, depending on the specialization of the dentist, it was found that this group of pathologies is more often determined by orthodontists(68,8%). At the same time, for the majority of specialists (59%), the diagnosis of diseases of the oral mucosa is difficult. Dentists of various specializations in most cases noted difficulties in determining a presumptive diagnosis (59.5%). At the same time, most specialists associated this with a lack of knowledge and experience in working with patients with diseases of the oral mucosa (66.5%) and with a large variety forms of diseases of the oral mucosa (54%) and resorted to the use of additional sources of information from textbooks, manuals, information articles, as well as the help of colleagues (64.5%). However, at clinical appointments, many doctors faced a lack of time to use reference literature (48.5%). As a result of the survey, it was also revealed that the majority of respondents (64,5%) would like to use the medical decision support system integrated into the medical information system of a medical institution.
Significant Succession of Intestinal Bacterial Community and Function During the Initial 72 Hours of Acute Pancreatitis in Rats
Authors: Liu Jinbo , Luo Ming , Qin Shu , Li Bo , Huang Lin , Xia Xianming 
Published: April 2022

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is followed by structural and functional changes in the intestine, resulting from microbiome dysbiosis. However, it remains unclear how gut microbiome changes within the initial 72h of onset. In this study, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), and sham operation (SO) were replicated in rat models. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to explore the gut bacteria community. The predicted Cluster of Orthologous Genes (COG) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways were associated with the 16S rRNA profiles. Compared to the SO group, significant community succession was found during the initial 72h in AP group. At 72 h after AP induction, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratios were significantly different, with the highest ratio in SAP group and the lowest in MAP group. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus, but it nearly disappeared in SAP rats at 72 h. Clostridiaceae 1 and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 were significantly enriched in AP group. Bacteroidales S24-7 and Bacteroidales S24-7 group norank were enriched in MAP group, while Collinsella, Morganella, and Blautia were enriched in SAP group. Lactobacillus was significantly correlated with nine COGs. Nine COGs showed significant differences between AP group and SO group. Moreover, four COGs showed significant differences between the MAP and SAP groups. KEGG Level_3 pathways propanoate metabolism (Ko00640) in AP group was significantly higher than that in SO group. The aspartate‒ammonia ligase and four KEGG orthology terms of the AP group were lower than that in the SO group, respectively. All these results suggest that the intestinal bacterial community structure and function was changed during the initial 72h in AP rats. The intestinal F/B ratio and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus could be potential markers for early diagnosis of MAP and SAP. The genus Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was the most enriched genus in AP, and may be an important marker for AP.
The Relationship Between Short-Term Mean Arterial Pressure Variability and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Hou Chenwei , Wang Xin , Li Yakun , Hei Feilong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundIncreased or decreased blood pressure variability may affect the perfusion of tissues and organs, leading to acute kidney injury and death. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between mean arterial pressure variability and short- and long-term mortality in critically ill patients.MethodsWe used patient data from the MIMIC-III database for cohort study. According to the recorded mean arterial pressure during the first 24 h in the intensive care unit, we calculated each patient’s two variability parameters –coefficient of variation and average real variability. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcomes were 28-day mortality and 1-year mortality. We conducted smooth spline models to examine the possible nonlinear associations between blood pressure variability and mortality. According to the smoothing curve, we further developed a two-piecewise linear regression model to find out the threshold effect. Multivariable logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the relationship. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis for 28-day and 1-year mortality was performed. Subgroup analysis explored the factors modifying the relationship between them.ResultsA total of 12,867 patients were enrolled in the study, 1,320 in-hospital death, 1,399 28-day death, and 2,734 1-year death occurred. The smooth spline showed death risk was the lowest when average real variability was around 7.2 mmHg. After adjusting for covariates, logistic or Cox regression showed the highest MAP variability level was strongly associated with increased mortality in the hospital (odds ratio: 1.44; 95% CI, 1.21∼1.72), at 28 days (hazard ratio: 1.28; 95% CI, 1.1∼1.5), and at 1 year (hazard ratio: 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14∼1.42) compared with the second level of average real variability group. The survival curve plot showed patients with higher average real variability had a higher risk of 28-day and 1-year mortality. This relationship remained remarkable in patients with low or high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores in the sensitivity analysis. The two-piecewise linear regression model showed that lower ARV was a risk factor for 28-day (HR 0.72, 95% CI, 0.57∼0.91) and 1-year mortality (HR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.68∼0.96) when ARV was less than 7.2 mmHg, higher ARV was a risk factor for 28-day mortality (HR 1.1, 95% CI, 1.04∼1.17) and 1-year mortality (HR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.02∼1.12) when ARV was greater than 7.2 mmHg.ConclusionBlood pressure variability predicts mortality in critically ill patients. Individuals with higher or lower mean arterial pressure average real variability during the first day in ICU may have an increased risk of death.
Clinical and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Predictors of Early and Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Bohbot Yohann , Garot Jérôme , Hovasse Thomas , Unterseeh Thierry , Di Lena Chloé , Boukefoussa Wahiba , Tawa Chloé , Renard Cédric , Limouzineau Isabelle , Duhamel Suzanne , Garot Philippe , Tribouilloy Christophe , Sanguineti Francesca 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe natural history of acute myocarditis (AM) remains partially unknown and predictors of outcome are debated. We sought to assess the impact of various cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters on early and long-term prognosis in a population of patients with AM.Materials and MethodsIn a two-center longitudinal study, we included consecutive patients with diagnosis of AM based on CMR and without hemodynamic compromise. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of an event in the acute phase (≤15 days). Secondary endpoints were the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and recurrence of AM during follow-up.ResultsThree hundred and eighty-eight patients were included [mean age 38.5 years, 77.3% male, mean ejection fraction (EF):56%] of which 82% (317) presented with chest pain. CMR was performed 4 ± 2 days after index presentation. Overall, 38 patients (9.8%) had an event at the acute phase, 41 (10.6%) presented at least one MACE during follow-up (median 7.5 years, 6.6–8.9) and 30 (7.7%) experienced a recurrence of AM. By multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of initial complications were absence of chest pain (OR [95%CI] = 0.35 [0.15–0.82]), presence of syncope/pre-syncope (OR [95%CI] = 3.56 [1.26–10.02]), lower EF (OR [95%CI] = 0.94 [0.91–0.98] per%), myocardial extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (OR [95%CI] = 1.05 [1.002–1.100] per%) and absence of edema (OR [95%CI] = 0.44 [0.19–0.97]). Only age (HR [95%CI] = 1.021 [1.001–1.041] per year) and an initial alteration of EF (HR [95%CI] = 0.94 [0.91–0.97] per%) were associated with MACE during follow-up. Factors independently associated with AM recurrence were myocarditis prior to the index episodes (HR [95%CI] = 5.74 [1.72–19.22]) and viral syndrome at the index episode (HR [95%CI] = 4.21 [1.91–9.28]).ConclusionIn routine consecutive hemodynamically stable patients with diagnosis of AM based on CMR, absence of edema, reduced EF, and extent of LGE were associated with early adverse outcome. Only age and EF were associated with long-term events.
The Impact of Ice Caps on the Mechanical Stability of Magmatic Systems: Implications for Forecasting on Human Timescales
Authors: Lucas Lilian C. , Albright John A. , Gregg Patricia M. , Zhan Yan 
Published: April 2022

Monitoring the activity of subglacial volcanoes along the Aleutian Arc in Alaska is important to the safety of local populations, as well as air traffic flying through the region. However, observations of volcanic unrest are limited by accessibility and resources, particularly at glacier-covered systems, making investigations of their stability challenging. Westdahl Peak, a subglacial volcano on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc has experienced significant unrest and uplift since its most recent VEI three eruption in 1991-1992. Given the magnitude of observed uplift, previous investigations suggested the potential for eruption by 2010, but no such event has occurred. One hypothesis to explain this prolonged unrest is that the 1-km thick glacier may increase the stability of the magma system. However, the impact of ice caps and glaciers on the short-term stability of volcanoes is not well understood. In this study, thermomechanical finite element models are used to evaluate how the stability of a glaciated volcano is impacted by variations in ice cap thickness, magma chamber depth, geometry, magma flux rate, and seasonal changes in ice cover thickness. Our numerical experiments indicate that the presence of an ice cap (1–3 km thick) increases the average repose interval for a magma system. Among models with different magma chamber geometries, depths, and flux rates, the greatest increases in repose interval are observed in prolate systems where the increase is up to 57% for a chamber located at 5 km-depth. Spherical and oblate also experience smaller, yet significant, increases in repose interval. Additionally, the percentage increase in repose interval is not impacted by variations in magma flux rate for a given ice cap thickness and magma chamber geometry. However, flux rates do influence the timing of eruptions when the system is experiencing seasonal variations in ice thickness. Our results show that systems with low flux rates are more likely to fail when the ice thickness is at its lowest. The numerical estimates further suggest that the ice cap on Westdahl Peak, which is ∼1 km, may slightly increase the stability of the magma system. In general, given flux rates and magma chamber geometries estimated for the Westdahl system, the repose interval can increase by ∼7 years due to the Westdahl glacier. This increase is small on a geologic scale but is significant on human time scales and the impact of glaciers must be considered in future forecasting efforts.
Association Between Long-Term HbA1c Variability and Functional Limitation in Individuals Aged Over 50 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shao Di , Wang Shuang-Shuang , Sun Ji-Wei , Wang Hai-Peng , Sun Qiang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAs mean HbA1c provides incomplete information regarding glycemic variability, there has been considerable interest in the emerging association between glycemic variability and macrovascular events and with microvascular complications and mortality in adults with and without diabetes. However, the association between long-term glycemic variability, represented by visit-to-visit HbA1c variability, and functional limitations has not been clarified in previous literature. The present study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between long-term glycemic variability, represented by visit-to-visit HbA1c variability and functional limitations.MethodsThis cohort study included adults aged over 50 years who participated in the 2006 to 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Physical functions, including mobility, large muscle function, activities of daily living (ADLs), and instrumental ADLs (IADLs), were assessed at baseline and every 2 years, and HbA1c levels were assessed at baseline and every 4 years. Visit-to-visit HbA1c variability was calculated using the HbA1c variability score (HVS) during the follow-up period. Generalized estimating equation models were used to evaluate the longitudinal association between HbA1c variability and functional limitations with adjustment for a series of confounders.ResultsA total of 5,544 participants having three HbA1c measurements from 2006 to 2016, having two or more physical function measures (including one at baseline), and age over 50 years were included in this analysis. The mean age at baseline was 66.13 ± 8.39 years. A total of 916 (16.5%) participants had an HVS = 100, and 35.1% had an HVS = 50. The highest HVS category (HVS =100) was associated with increased functional status score (β = 0.093, 95% CI: 0.021–0.165) in comparison with the lowest HVS category (HVS = 0). Sensitivity analyses using the CV and SD of HbA1c as measures of variability showed similar associations between HbA1c variability and functional limitation. An incremental increase in HbA1c-CV (β = 0.630, 95% CI: 0.127–1.132) or HbA1c-SD (β = 0.078, 95% CI: 0.006–0.150) was associated with an increase in functional limitation in the fully adjusted model. ConclusionsHbA1c variability was associated with heightened difficulty in performing functional activities over time after adjusting for mean HbA1c levels and multiple demographics and comorbidities. This study provides further evidence regarding the detrimental effect of HbA1c variability and highlights the significance of steady glycemic control.
A Randomized Controlled Phase 3 Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children With Idiopathic Short Stature
Authors: Yuan Jinna , Fu Junfen , Wei Haiyan , Zhang Gaixiu , Xiao Yanfeng , Du Hongwei , Gu Wei , Li Yanhong , Chen Linqi , Luo Feihong , Zhong Yan , Gong Haihong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of daily somatropin (Jintropin®), a recombinant human growth hormone, in prepubertal children with ISS in China.MethodsThis study was a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, phase 3 study. All subjects were randomized 3:1 to daily somatropin 0.05 mg/kg/day or no treatment for 52 weeks. A total of 481 subjects with a mean baseline age of 5.8 years were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was change in (△) height standard deviation score (HT-SDS) for chronological age (CA). Secondary endpoints included △height from baseline; △bone age (BA)/CA; △height velocity (HV) and △insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1 SDS).Results△HT-SDS at week 52 was 1.04 ± 0.31 in the treatment group and 0.20 ± 0.33 in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). At week 52, statistical significance was observed in the treatment group compared with control for △height (10.19 ± 1.47 cm vs. 5.85 ± 1.80 cm; P &lt; 0.001), △BA/CA (0.04 ± 0.09 vs. 0.004 ± 0.01; P &lt; 0.001), △HV (5.17 ± 3.70 cm/year vs. 0.75 ± 4.34 cm/year; P &lt; 0.001), and △IGF-1 SDS (2.31 ± 1.20 vs. 0.22 ± 0.98; P &lt; 0.001). The frequencies of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were similar for the treatment and the control groups (89.8% vs. 82.4%); most TEAEs were mild to moderate in severity and 23 AEs were considered study-drug related.ConclusionsDaily subcutaneous administration of somatropin at 0.05 mg/kg/day for 52 weeks demonstrated improvement in growth outcomes and was well tolerated with a favorable safety profile.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03635580). URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03635580
Rapid Generation of TCR and CD8αβ Transgenic Virus Specific T Cells for Immunotherapy of Leukemia
Authors: Bajwa Gagan , Arber Caroline 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundVirus-specific T cells (VSTs) are an attractive cell therapy platform for the delivery of tumor-targeted transgenic receptors. However, manufacturing with conventional methods may require several weeks and intensive handling. Here we evaluated the feasibility and timelines when combining IFN-γ cytokine capture (CC) with retroviral transduction for the generation of T cell receptor (TCR) and CD8αβ (TCR8) transgenic VSTs to simultaneously target several viral and tumor antigens in a single product.MethodsHealthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) peptide mixtures derived from immunogenic viral proteins, followed by CC bead selection. After 3 days in culture, cells were transduced with a retroviral vector encoding four genes (a survivin-specific αβTCR and CD8αβ). TCR8-transgenic or control VSTs were expanded and characterized for their phenotype, specificity and anti-viral and anti-tumor functions.ResultsCC selected cells were efficiently transduced with TCR8. Average fold expansion was 269-fold in 10 days, and cells contained a high proportion of CD8+ T central memory cells. TCR8+ VSTs simultaneously expressed native anti-viral and transgenic anti-survivin TCRs on their cell surface. Both control and TCR8+ VSTs produced cytokines to and killed viral targets, while tumor targets were only recognized and killed by TCR8+ VSTs.ConclusionsIFN-γ cytokine capture selects and activates CMV and EBV-specific memory precursor CD8+ T cells that can be efficiently gene-modified by retroviral transduction and rapidly ex vivo expanded. Our multi-specific T cells are polyfunctional and recognize and kill viral and leukemic targets expressing the cognate antigens.