bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AiMing High in regional Australia: Will the medical education response to COVID-19 transform how we prepare students for internship?
Authors: McCrossin Tim , Dutton Tegan , Payne Kristy , Wilson Ross , Bailey Jannine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The global outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020 placed immediate pressure on health services. Undergraduate medical education was consequently impacted with decreased availability of health professionals for teaching and supervising hospital placements. At a time when more Doctors were needed, universities across the globe were required to change the way they taught medicine to ensure students could complete their medical degree without delays. In a state and territory of Australia, the university sector worked with health services and organisations to establish the Assistant in Medicine (AiM) program. The AiM program employed final year medical students to assistant in hospitals, whilst also supporting them to continue their studies. The 2020 AiMing High program that was rolled out at a regional hospital (Bathurst Health Service, New South Wales) was evaluated to determine whether the program was a success from the perspective of hospital staff.Methods: At the Bathurst Health Service (regional New South Wales), 17 Western Sydney University final year medical students participated in the AiMing High program for 16-weeks. Hospital staff were invited to participate in a survey at the commencement and completion of AiM term. Focus groups/interviews were completed with hospital staff and AiM supervisors. Analysis was completed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: Hospital staff reported that the AiMing High program provided an enhanced learning opportunity for medical students. Staff and supervisors observed students grow in regards to increased confidence and taking on more responsibility, ability to communicate and work in a multidisciplinary team environment, and clinical and professional competencies. It was commonly reported that the students worked at an internship level. The AiM program was seen as a potential new way of providing education, however improvements in staff orientation regarding AiMs scope of practice would be needed. Conclusions: The AiM program was seen as a success by staff as it added clinical value to this under-resourced regional hospital, whilst also providing students with an education that enabled them to graduate from medicine. Ongoing evaluation of such a program will determine the best way to prepare senior medical students for internship.
Ablation of Deubiquitinase USP15 Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Chun Kyung-Hee , Baek Jung-Hwan , Kim Myung Sup , Han Dai Hoon , Lee Yong-ho , Jung Hye Ryeon , Yi Eugene , Im Seung Soon , Hwang Ilseon , Kim Kyungeun , Chung Joon-Yong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs due to the accumulation of fat in the liver, leading to fatal liver diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying NAFLD is critical for its prevention and therapy. Here, we observed deubiquitinase USP15 expression was upregulated in mouse livers fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and liver biopsies of patients with NAFLD or NASH. USP15 interacted with lipid-accumulating proteins such as FABPs and perilipins to reduce ubiquitination and increase their protein stability. Furthermore, the severity phenotype of NAFLD induced by HFD, and NASH by the fructose/palmitate/cholesterol/trans-fat (FPC) diet was significantly ameliorated in hepatocyte-specific USP15-knockout mice. Thus, our findings reveal an unrecognized function of USP15 in the lipid accumulation of livers, which exacerbates NAFLD to NASH by overriding nutrients and inducing inflammation. Therefore, targeting USP15 can be used in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and NASH.
Exploring the effects of rural human settlement on rural development: Evidence from Xianju County in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhu Yingming , Yu Maojun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
While boosting rural development, improvements in rural human settlements have become universal choices in many countries throughout the world. However, few studies have been devoted to in-depth exploration of the effects of rural human settlements on rural development. To fill in the research gap, this study firstly established a mechanism framework of the effects of human settlements on rural development, and proposed a hypothetical structural equation model of variables’ interaction. The framework and model were further applied to a case study in a typical rural county in China with by using 370 household survey data. The results indicated that the effects of rural human settlements on rural development were a layer-by-layer processes with dynamic changes. The implementations of rural human settlement improvement projects can firstly stimulate qualitative changes of the three core factors in rural regional systems (namely population, land, and industry). The changes further bring a series of effects, such as scale effects, health promotion effects, factor mobility effects, and the like, thereby facilitating sustainable rural development. The results also confirmed that the overall impact of rural human settlements on rural development was dimensionally heterogeneous. The effects of the five aspects of human settlements exhibit an order of infrastructure conditions > natural environment conditions > public service levels > housing conditions > human social amenities. The results obtained in this investigation not only offer some new insights for rural planners and policymakers for better understanding the relationships between human settlements and rural development, but also provide scientific and useful guidance for beautiful countryside construction and rural revitalization.
Sensitivity investigation of open-ended coaxial probe in skin cancer detection
Authors: Xu Guofang , Liu Henghui , Huang Qiang , Yu Xuefei , Nan Xiang , Han Jijun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Dielectric properties (DPs), as a physical property, are widely used in real-time identification of normal or tumor tissue in vivo. Open-ended coaxial probe method is one of the most common modalities in measuring DPs. This technique secures its promising potential in early-stage skin cancer diagnosis for its non-invasive merit. Although various studies have been reported, systematic assessment is lacking to advance to clinical applications. Parameter interactions and detecting limitations remain unclear. In this study, we examine the minimum detectable size of tumor by using a three-layer skin model by simulation. DP changes under different tumor dimension, probe size, skin thickness, and cancer type were discussed. The smallest detecting size of BCC inside the skin is 0.5 mm radius × 0.1 mm; for SCC inside the skin is 1.4 mm × 1.3 mm in radius and height; the smallest distinguishing size of BCC is 0.6 mm × 0.7 mm in radius and height; for SCC is 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm in radius and height; for MM is 0.7 mm × 0.4 mm in radius and height. We also provide a detailed systematic evaluation of the parameters employed in the method for further applications.
Anti-GM-CSF neutralizing autoantibodies in Colombian patients with disseminated cryptococcosis
Authors: Arango-Franco Carlos A. , Migaud Mélanie , Ramírez-Sánchez Isabel Cristina , Arango Karen , Moncada-Vélez Marcela , Rojas Julián , Gervais Adrian , Giraldo Santiago Patiño , Perez-Zapata Lizeth J , Álvarez Jesús A. Álvarez , Orrego Julio César , Villamil Gustavo Roncancio , Boisson-Dupuis Stéphanie , Jouanguy Emmanuelle , Abel Laurent , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Bustamante Jacinta , Arias Andrés A. , Franco José Luis , Puel Anne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background.
Cryptococcosis is a potentially life-threatening fungal disease caused by encapsulated yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus, mostly C. neoformans or C. gattii. Cryptococcal meningitis is the most frequent clinical manifestation in humans. Neutralizing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) against granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have recently been discovered in otherwise healthy adult patients with cryptococcal meningitis, mostly caused by C. gattii. We hypothesized that three Colombian patients with cryptococcal meningitis caused by C. neoformans in two of them, would carry high plasma levels of neutralizing auto-Abs against GM-CSF.
Methods
. We reviewed medical and laboratory records, performed immunological evaluations, and tested for anti-cytokine auto-Abs three previously healthy HIV-negative healthy adults with disseminated cryptococcosis.
Results.
Peripheral blood leukocyte subset levels and serum immunoglobulin concentrations were within the normal range. We detected high levels of neutralizing auto-Abs against GM-CSF in the serum of all three patients.
Conclusions.
We report three Colombian patients with disseminated cryptococcosis associated with neutralizing auto-Abs against GM-CSF. This is, to our knowledge, the first report describing Colombian patients with such auto-Abs and disseminated cryptococcosis. Further studies should evaluate the genetic contribution to anti-GM-CSF autoantibody production and the role of the GM-CSF signaling pathway in the immune response to Cryptococcus spp.
Mediating Effect of BMI on the Relation of dietary patterns and glycemic control in T2DM: Results From China Community-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wang Saiyi , Wen Jinbo , Miao Dandan , Sun Zhongming , Li Dianjiang , Pan Enchun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to analyze the effects of different dietary types on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and determine the mediating effects of Body Mass Index (BMI) on dietary type with Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HaB1c) on the associations in T2DM.
Methods
A community-based study with 9602 participants including 3623 men and 5979 women was performed. The data collected from the project “Comprehensive Research in prevention and Control of Diabetes mellitus (CRPCD)”, which conducted by Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2018. The dietary patterns were measured using Latent Class Analysis (LCA). Then, Logistics regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of FPG, HaB1c with different dietary patterns. The BMI was used as a moderator to estimate the mediating effect .
Results
After completing Latent Class Analysis (LCA), the dietary patterns were divided into three categories: Type I, Type II, Type III. Type III-Balanecd diet were all significantly associated with HaB1c compared to those with Type I-Single diet (P < 0.05),And the research showed the patients with Type III had High glycemic control rate, the mediating effect analysis was performed to demonstrate that BMI was used as a moderator to estimate the moderation effect.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that consuming Type III associates with glycemic control in T2DM and the BMI associations would be play a mediating effect between diet and FPG in Chinese population with T2DM.
WITHDRAWN: Isolation and characterization of vB_SenS_Ib_psk2 bacteriophage against drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky
Authors: Inbaraj Sophia , Agrawal Ravi Kant , Thomas Prasad , Chaudhuri Pallab , Verma Abhishek , Chaturvedi V.K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky is one of the food-borne zoonotic pathogens known for multidrug resistance. The current study was aimed at isolating and characterization of bacteriophages against the pathogen. The bacteriophage against S. enterica serovar Kentucky was isolated and was named vB_SenS_Ib_psk2, representing the virus family, place, source, and host. Electron microscopy revealed that the phage possesses an isometric nonenveloped head and a noncontractile tail, indicative of the Siphoviridae family. Molecular detection of the major capsid protein E gene yielded 511 bp and NCBI blast analysis revealed that the phage belonged to the genus chivirus. Temperature and pH were found to be optimal at 20 to 42° C and 6–10, respectively for phage survival and multiplication. A one-step growth curve experiment revealed a latent period of 20 min and a burst size of 253 phages/cell. 83% of MDR isolates of S. enterica were susceptible to vB_SenS_Ib_psk2. Studies in chicken skin revealed that an MOI of 106 is required for significant reduction of the bacteria.
Inflight calibration of the Optical Navigation Camera for the Extended Mission Phase of Hayabusa2
Authors: Yamada Manabu , Kouyama Toru , Yumoto Koki , Tatsumi Eri , Takaki Naofumi , Yokota Yasuhiro , Morota Tomokatsu , Sakatani Naoya , Hayakawa Masahiko , Matsuoka Moe , Honda Rie , Honda Chikatoshi , Kameda Shingo , Suzuki Hidehiko , Cho Yuichiro , Yoshioka Kazuo , Ogawa Kazunori , Shirai Kei , Sawada Hirotaka , Sugita Seiji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
After delivering its sample capsule to Earth, the Hayabusa2 spacecraft started its extended mission to perform a flyby of asteroid 2001 CC21 in 2026 and rendezvous with asteroid 1998 KY26 in 2031. During the extended mission, the optical navigation camera (ONC) of Hayabusa2 will play an important role in navigation and science observations, but it has suffered from optical deterioration after the spacecraft’s surface contact with and sampling of asteroid Ryugu. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the telescopic camera (ONC-T) has continued to decrease for more than a year, posing a serious problem for the extended mission. These are problems that could potentially be encountered by other sample-return missions involving surface contact. In this study, we evaluated the long-term variation of ONC performance over the 6.5 years following the launch in 2014 to predict how it will perform during observations of the two target asteroids in its extended mission (6 and 11 years from the Earth return, respectively). Our results showed several important long-term trends in ONC performance, such as transmission, dark noise level, and hot pixels. During the long cruising period of the extended mission, we plan to observe both zodiacal light and exoplanet transits as additional science targets. The accuracy of these observations is sensitive to background noise level and stray-light contamination, so we conducted new test observations to search for the lowest stray light, which has been found to depend on spacecraft attitude. The results of these analyses and new test observations suggest that the Hayabusa2 ONC will be able to conduct cruising, flyby, and rendezvous observations of asteroids with sufficient accuracy.
AlphaCluster: Coevolutionary driven residue-residue interaction models enable quantifiable clustering analysis of de novo variants to enhance predictions of pathogenicity
Authors: Obiajulu Joseph , Kuang Ranger , Zhong Guoije , Hagen Jake , Shu Chang , Chung Wendy , Shen Yufeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Missense variants have highly variable effects and effect size, which often makes it challenging to distinguish pathogenic and non-pathogenic variants and subsequently implicate new genes for disease association in studies of de novo and inherited rare variants. Importantly, missense variants can be the sole molecular mechanism for some genetic disorders, and so statistical approaches tailored for the analysis of missense variants are critical. Analysis of the clustering of missense variants is a promising approach which leverages the fact that missense variants in protein domains often have similar effects on function. Here we describe a new clustering analysis approach, AlphaCluster, a statistical method which quantifiably analyzes the spatial clustering of de novo variants by mapping missense residues onto the protein tertiary structure. We show that our approach can quantify the evidence supporting pathogenic missense variants and increase the power to detect clustering when compared to available genomic clustering tools. Using AlphaCluster, we identified genes newly implicated in autism spectrum disorder and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). We also apply AlphaCluster to protein complexes and detect an association between the gamma aminobutyric acid receptor complex (GABA-A 𝛼1𝛽2𝛾2 receptor).
An artificial intelligence system for predicting body weight from chest radiographs
Authors: Ichikawa Shota , Itadani Hideki , Sugimori Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background In the field of diagnostic radiology, radiation dose management, determination of the contrast-medium dose, or estimation of the specific absorption rate level require patients’ body weight. However, accurate body weight is not necessarily available in routine clinical practice. In this study, we investigated whether body weight can be predicted from chest radiographs using deep learning. Methods Our Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study, and a total of 85,849 chest radiographs obtained for medical checkups between July 2019 and July 2021 were included. A two-stage hierarchical approach composed of a sex-classification model and body-weight prediction model was used. The deep-learning models were trained with chest radiographs from 68,679 training cases and 8585 validation cases, and the remaining 8585 cases were used as test data. The sex-classification model was evaluated for accuracy. The body-weight prediction model was evaluated by calculating the mean absolute error (MAE) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ). Results The overall accuracy of the sex-classification model was 0.992. The MAEs of the body-weight prediction model were 2.62 kg and 3.34 kg for females and males, respectively. The predicted body weight was significantly correlated with the actual body weight (ρ = 0.917, p < 0.001 for females; ρ = 0.914, p < 0.001 for males). Conclusion Body weight was predicted from chest radiographs by applying deep learning. Our method is potentially useful for radiation dose management, determination of the contrast-medium dose, or estimation of the specific absorption rate level in patients with unknown body weights.
When does secondary bacteremia occur in COVID-19 patients?; A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yogo Aoi , Tochitani Kentaro , Yamamoto Shungo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: There have been few reports on secondary bacteremia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. We aimed to analyze the onset time of secondary bacteremia after the onset of illness and hospital admission and determine the proportion of secondary bacteremia on blood cultures drawn from patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who took blood culture tests between January 1, 2020 and September 30, 2021 at Kyoto City Hospital, Japan. Results: Of 507 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, blood culture tests were performed in 169. Eleven of them had secondary bacteremia, and 158 had a negative blood culture test. The onset time with the highest proportion of secondary bacteremia in blood cultures drawn from the day of symptom onset and hospitalization was from 11th-15th day (12.8%) and 6th-10th day (18.2%), respectively. The median time in which patients were diagnosed with secondary bacteremia from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms and hospital admission was 12.5 [interquartile range (IQR) 12-19.5] days and 6 (IQR 5-9) days, respectively. Conclusions: The timing from symptom onset and hospital admission may be a valuable indicator for making a clinical decision of taking blood cultures in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
High-order analytical solutions of bounded relative motions for Coulomb formation flying
Authors: Lin Mingpei , Zhang Jinxiu , Xu Ming , Pan Xiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Close-proximity Coulomb formation flying offers attractive prospects in multiple astronautical missions. An analytical method of constructing the series solution up to an arbitrary order for the relative motion near the equi-librium of Coulomb formation systems is proposed to facilitate the design of Coulomb formations based on a Lindstedt-Poincaré method. The details of the series expansion and coeﬀicient solution for Lissajous orbits and arbitrary m : n-period orbits are discussed. To verify the effectiveness of the Lindstedt-Poincaré method in constructing series solutions, the practical convergence domain of series solutions for various bounded orbits is computed by com-parison with the corresponding exact numerical solutions. Given the accuracy requirements of practical formation missions, the configuration design for the Coulomb formation can be carried out conveniently and quickly by employing the proposed series solutions.
From the perspective of genomics and metabolomics, revealing the effects of feeding methods on Jersey cattle on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Yuan Niuniu , Wang Yicui , Pan Qihao , Zhao Li , Qi Xiao , Sun Shihao , Suolang quji , Ciren luobu , danzeng luosang , Liu Yanxin , Zhang Liyang , Gao Tengyun , Basang zhuzha , lian hongxia , sun yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:Grazing and house feeding methods have been studied on yak, but there is no relevant research on grazing and indoor feeding of Jersey cattle on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Results:In this study, the differences in metabolites in the serum and rumen of Tibet Plateau Jersey cattle in total mixed ration house feeding and grazing supplementary feeding were assessed. The rumen fermentation parameters, bacterial community, serum antioxidant indices, immune indices and metabolites of total mixed rations house-feeding Jersey cattle (Group B, n =6) and grazing supplementary-feeding Jersey cattle (Group G, n =6) were evaluated. The rumen fermentation parameters results showed that the acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations and the ammonia nitrogen concentration in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group G (P < 0.05). The rumen bacterial community 16S rDNA gene results showed that The Chao1 index was significantly higher in Group G than in Group B (P < 0.05), and the observed_species, Shannon and Simpson indices were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The distance between the two groups by principal component analysis was not significant, and adnoism analysis showed that there was no significant difference in rumen flora between Group G and Group B (R=0.55, P=0.08). Antioxidant and immune indices analysis of serum results showed that there was no significant difference in total antioxidant capacity between Group G and Group B (P > 0.05), while IL-6, Ig-M and TNF-α were significantly higher in Group G than in Group B (P < 0.05). LC‒MS metabolomics analysis of serum results showed that, A total of 149 major serum differential metabolites were identified between Group G and Group B. The differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways of biosynthesis of amino acids, protein digestion and absorption, ABC transporters, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, mineral absorption and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and other metabolic pathways.Conclusions: The results of this study revealed the differences in rumen fermentation and serum metabolism of Jersey cattle under different feeding methods, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific feeding of Tibetan Plateau Jersey cattle.