bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Phyllanthus amarus in sodium arsenite-induced tissue damage
Authors: Achummantakath Hashim , Prasanna Krishnan Subhadra , Nizamudeen A. S. 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves on arsenic-induced histological changes in Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I: normal control; Group II: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg); Group III: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + P. amarus extract (100 mg/kg); Group IV: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + extract (200 mg/kg). All groups were treated by oral gavage with sodium arsenite for 28 days and the animals were subsequently administered (oral) with 100 and 200 mg/kg extract, once daily for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment and different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. Results revealed mild to severe type of necrosis and degenerative changes in brain, kidney, and liver of arsenic fed animals. In rats administered with extract showed significant improvements, and the normal histological feature of the cells was almost restored in rats. These suggest that P. amarus can be used to treat arsenic-induced multi-organ damages.
Association of Serum High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with Insulin Resistance in Patients with Type-ΙΙ Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hossain Nadia , Haque Mahmudul , Karmakar Pijush , Chowdhury Hasan Murad , Barua Prasun , Hoque Asma , Mazhar Aklima 
Published: November 2022

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is the major event in type-ΙΙ diabetes mellitus followed by an increasing degree of β-cell dysfunction. Chronic inflammation is the driving force for IR and type-ΙΙ DM. The process of inflammation induces hepatic synthesis of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (an acute-phase protein) which plays a role in IR. The study was undertaken to find out the association of serum hs-CRP with insulin resistance in patients with type-ΙΙ diabetes mellitus.
Methodology: A hospital-based observational study was carried out in the Outpatient Department of Endocrinology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, Chittagong Medical College. A total of 126 patients with type-II diabetes mellitus aged 40-64 years were included by non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Serum hs-CRP, fasting serum insulin was estimated. IR was calculated by using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR).
Results: The mean serum hs-CRP level was 9.1 ± 0.36 mg/L in patients with type-II DM. Serum hs-CRP was significantly associated with insulin resistance and positively correlated with HOMA-IR in type-II diabetics. Body mass index (BMI) as one of the key indicators of insulin resistance was also associated with serum hs-CRP in this study population. Additionally serum hs-CRP was correlated positively with BMI and fasting serum insulin in patients with type-II DM.
Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that increased serum hs-CRP was well associated and positively correlated with insulin resistance and its parameters signifying a possible role of subclinical inflammation in IR among patients with type-II diabetes mellitus.
EMCJ. January 2022; 7(1): 15-20
Complete Excision of Nerve Originating Hemangioma: A Case Report
Authors: Mahmud Nasir Uddin , Rahman Patwary Md Shafiqur , Hasan Mohammad Mainul , Tauhidur Rahman Sarker Mohammad , Alam Md Shariful 
Published: November 2022

The hemangioma is a hamartomatous malformation and not a true tumorous of the hemangioma occur during childhood. It affects three girls for every boy. Commonest site of involvement is skin. Nerve originating hemangioma refers when it arises from the vessels supplying the nerve (vasa nervosum). It is very rare condition and presents painful, soft, compressible swelling in the course of nerve. Microscopically, hemangioma consist of poorly demarcated, non-capsulated masses and leashes of vascular channels, most of which contain blood. Although diagnosis is clinical; FNAC, Doppler Ultrasonogram study, MRI and EMG all investigations are helpful for confirmation. Surgery is the main stay of treatment but recurrence may occur. Per-operative microsurgical facility and in recurrent cases, administration of corticosteroid can prevent recurrence. We have operated one case with our own circumstances and patient has got uneventful recovery in one year follow up.
EMCJ. January 2022; 7(1): 32-35
KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PERHUBUNGAN PADA BIDANG ANGKUTAN DALAM PELAYANAN ANGKUTAN KOTA DI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Maharani Fani , Sutarjo Moh. , Khumayah Siti , Lestari Aghnia Dian 
Published: November 2022

Banyak gejala-gejala yang belum sesuai terkait optimalnya pelayanan angkot di Kota Cirebon. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Perhubungan Pada Bidang Angkutan Dalam Pelayanan Angkutan Kota Di Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian di Dinas Perhubungan Kota Cirebon pada Bidang Angkutan. Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah Seksi Perencanaan Jaringan Trayek. Sedangkan informan pendukungnya yaitu Sopir Angkot dan Penumpang Angkot. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan merupakan studi kepustakaan, studi lapangan (observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi). Sedangkan teknik penguji keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa kinerja pegawai dalam meningkatkan pelayanan angkot di kota cirebon yaitu program peningkatan pelayanan angkot, identifikasi angkot, pengecekan uji kelayakan angkot dan evaluasi trayek angkot, efektivitas dan efisiensi angkot, keterampilan dan semangat kerja dalam pelayanan angkutan kota. Penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa permasalahan terhadap pelayanan angkot di kota Cirebon belum optimal dan bersifat elementer yang masih mampu diatasi melalui pendekatan solusi peningkatan kinerja yang berkelanjutan yang di lakukan oleh Dinas Perhubungan Kota Cirebon. Kata Kunci: Kinerja, Pelayanan, Bidang Angkutan, Transportasi, Uji Berkendara
Mechanical property degradation of X80 pipeline steel due to microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by Desulfovibrio vulgaris
Authors: Li Zhong , Yang Jike , Guo Huihua , Kumseranee Sith , Punpruk Suchada , Mohamed Magdy E. , Saleh Mazen A. , Gu Tingyue 
Published: November 2022

Apart from pinhole leaks, MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) can also cause catastrophic failures such as pipe ruptures and support beam collapses due to mechanical property degradation or stress corrosion cracking. In this work, X80 pipeline steel dogbone coupons and square coupons were immersed in 150 ml broths containing Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a common corrosive sulfate reducing bacterium (SRB), for up to 14 days. The headspace volumes in the anaerobic bottles were increased from 150 ml to 200 ml and 300 ml to increase MIC severity. After 14 days of SRB incubation in ATCC 1249 culture medium with X80 coupons at 37°C, the sessile cell counts were 6.5 × 107 cells cm−2 for 150 ml, 2.3 × 108 cells cm−2 for 200 ml and 1.4 × 109 cells cm−2 for 300 ml headspace volumes, respectively owing to reduced H2S cytotoxicity in the broth with a larger headspace because it allowed more biogenic H2S to escape from the broth. Weight losses were 1.7 mg cm−2, 1.9 mg cm−2 and 2.3 mg cm−2 for 150 ml, 200 ml and 300 ml headspace volumes, respectively. The corresponding pit depths were 2.6 μm, 4.2 μm and 6.2 μm for 150 ml, 200 ml and 300 ml headspace volumes, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR) and potentiodynamic polarization results corroborated the increasing weight loss and pitting data trends as a result of increased headspace. Tensile testing of dogbone coupons after the 14-day SRB immersion test indicated that more severe MIC pitting led to a higher ultimate strain loss by up to 23% (300 ml headspace) compared to the abiotic control, while the ultimate strength losses for all headspace volumes were quite small (3% and lower).
Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children aged 3-11 years and the positivity in unvaccinated children: A retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Li Jing , Ge Menglei , Dai Shuzhi , Song Qinwei , Liu Weijie , Wang Ying , Xu Wenjian , Ma Lijuan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the positivity and levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated children to evaluate the humoral immune response of vaccination on pediatric population. Analysis on the causes of antibody positivity in unvaccinated children.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on children who were admitted to the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics. The clinical data of serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies were collected from SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated or unvaccinated children with no evidence of prior novel coronavirus infection. Chemiluminescence immunoassay was utilized for the in vitro determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.ResultsA total of 3,321 healthy children aged 6-11 years received two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. At 1 month after the second dose, the positive rate (96.5%) and levels [8.039 (interquartile range (IQR), 6.067-9.098)] of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies reached the peak and remained at a high level for 2-3 months, after which the positive rate and level of vaccine-induced IgG antibody gradually decreased. Compared with 1 month after the second dose of vaccine, the positive rate of IgG antibody decreased to 70.4% at 7 months, and the antibody level decreased by 69.0%. A total of 945 children aged 3-5 years received one or two doses of inactivated vaccine. The positive rate and levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in participants remained high for 3 months after vaccination. There was no gender-based difference in positive rate of IgG antibody in children aged 3-11 years old (P&gt;0.05). Among the 5,309 unvaccinated children aged 0 day to 11 years, 105 (2.0%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody, which was associated with passive infusion. The maternal humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in noninfected pregnant women was transferred through the placenta to the fetus, and some children obtained SARS-CoV-2-positive antibodies through blood transfusion.ConclusionsInactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines could induce robust humoral immune response that gradually declined within several months after the second dose. Therefore, it helps to determine whether children receive a booster dose and elicit a long-term memory immune response. Positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in unvaccinated children were associated with passive IgG antibody infusion.
The effect of waves in hydrodynamics, stratification, and salt wedge intrusion in a microtidal estuary
Authors: Higgins Álvarez Aldemar , Otero Luis , Restrepo Juan Camilo , Álvarez Oscar 
Published: November 2022

Waves have been found to modulate circulation, stratification, and sediment dynamics in several estuaries, mainly near the mouth. This study analyzes the effects of waves on the hydrodynamics, stratification process, and dynamics of the salt wedge in an estuary with a microtidal range, high fluvial and sediment discharges, and dominated by waves: the Magdalena River estuary (MRE). It is, under low flow conditions, a highly stratified, salt wedge type. Field measurements and the MOHID 3D modeling system, 2D coupled with the SWAN model, were used for this purpose. The low flow seasons of 2018 (February-March) and 2020 (March) were taken as case studies. Results show that when considering wave effects in the numerical simulations, more realistic conditions are reproduced in the circulation patterns and salinity distribution in the outer estuary. Variations in velocity patterns and salinity distribution are found between the mouth and 2 km upstream of the mouth when comparing the simulations with and without waves, especially in the mixing layer. These variations in hydrodynamics and stratification may be associated with increased wave-induced bed shear stress, variations in barotropic and baroclinic acceleration, and increased vertical mixing. At 2 km into the river channel, the reduction in wave height energy of 95% and changes in salinity distribution are already lower than 2%. In addition, it was observed that waves do not generate significant changes in the dynamics of the salt wedge, which is mainly affected by the diurnal tidal cycle, presenting variations in the length of the intrusion of up to 1 km, and in the magnitude of the longitudinal salinity gradient at the salt front, presenting low salinities at high tide when the wedge enters, and high salinities at low tide, in its retreat.
Association of dementia and patient outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A multi-center retrospective case-control study
Authors: Vekaria Pratikkumar H. , Syed Areej , Anderson Jeffrey , Cornett Brendon , Bourbia Amine , Flynn Michael G. , Kashyap Rahul , Shah Asif R. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundWe conducted a retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 patients with and without dementia by extracting data from the HCA Healthcare Enterprise Data Warehouse between January-September 2020.AimsTo describe the role of patients' baseline characteristics specifically dementia in determining overall health outcomes in COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe grouped in-patients who had ICD-10 codes for dementia (DM) with age and gender-matched (1:2) patients without dementia (ND). Our primary outcome variables were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, ICU-free days, mechanical ventilation (MV) use, MV-free days and 90-day re-admission.ResultsMatching provided similar age and sex in DM and ND groups. BMI (median, 25.8 vs. 27.6) and proportion of patients who had smoked (23.3 vs. 31.3%) were lower in DM than in ND patients. The median (IQR) Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was higher in dementia patients 7 (5–10) vs. 5 (3–7, p &lt; 0.01). Higher mortality was observed in DM group (30.8%) vs. ND group (26.4%, p &lt; 0.01) as an unadjusted univariate analysis. The 90-day readmission was not different (32.1 vs. 31.8%, p = 0.8). In logistic regression analysis, the odds of dying were not different between patients in DM and ND groups (OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.86–1.17), but the odds of ICU admissions were significantly lower for dementia patients (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.66).ConclusionsOur data showed that COVID-19 patients with dementia did not fare substantially worse, but in fact, fared better when certain metrics were considered.
Mechanistic studies of MALAT1 in respiratory diseases
Authors: Wu Wenzheng , Wang Shihao , Zhang Lu , Mao Beibei , Wang Bin , Wang Xiaoxu , Zhao Dongsheng , Zhao Pan , Mou Yunying , Yan Peizheng 
Published: November 2022

Background: The incidence of respiratory diseases and the respiratory disease mortality rate have increased in recent years. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 is involved in various respiratory diseases. In vascular endothelial and cancer cells, MALAT1 expression triggers various changes such as proinflammatory cytokine expression, cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, and increased endothelial cell permeability.Methods: In this review, we performed a relative concentration index (RCI) analysis of the lncRNA database to assess differences in MALAT1 expression in different cell lines and at different locations in the same cell, and summarize the molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases and its potential therapeutic application in these conditions.Results: MALAT1 plays an important regulatory role in lncRNA with a wide range of effects in respiratory diseases. The available evidence shows that MALAT1 plays an important role in the regulation of multiple respiratory diseases.Conclusion: MALAT1 is an important regulatory biomarker for respiratory disease. Targeting the regulation MALAT1 could have important applications for the future treatment of respiratory diseases.
Feasibility of gabapentin as an intervention for neurorecovery after an acute spinal cord injury: Protocol
Authors: Wilson James R. , Doty Samuel , Petitt Jordan C. , El-Abtah Mohamed , Francis John J. , Sharpe Megan G. , Kelly Michael L. , Anderson Kim D. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThis protocol is describing the first ever prospective, mock-efficacy, dose exploration trial design testing the feasibility of administering gabapentin in the acute setting as an intervention for neurorecovery. Gabapentin is an FDA-approved medication for treating seizures and postherpetic neuralgia and is used broadly off-label for neuropathic pain management for many conditions, including spinal cord injury. Emerging data suggests that when given early after spinal cord injury onset and in low-medium doses, gabapentin may have properties that promote recovery of neurological function. The objective of this trial is to assess the feasibility of conducting an efficacy trial in which gabapentin is started early after injury, is restricted in its dose, and is not used for pain management.Methods and analysisForty-two people aged 18 years or older with any level and any severity of spinal cord injury induced by a trauma will be enrolled, randomized, and have the first dose of study medication by 120 h post-injury onset. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 600, 1,800 mg/day gabapentin, or placebo. Study medication will be given for a 90-day duration. Blinded assessments will be obtained at 7 days post-injury (baseline), 30 days post-injury (interim), after the 90-day treatment duration/approximately 3 months post-injury (end of treatment), and at 6 months post-injury (end of study). The key analysis parameters will evaluate feasibility of recruitment of target population, delivery of drug treatment protocol, maintenance of blinding, and retention of participants.DiscussionOutputs from this trial will inform research and clinical practice on the effects of manipulating gabapentin for non-pain management purposes in the acute setting and will guide the development of a properly powered efficacy trial of gabapentin as an intervention for neurorecovery in spinal cord injury.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the MetroHealth Institutional Review Board (IRB21-00609) and registered at clinicaltrials.gov prior to enrolling any participants. Dissemination will include peer-reviewed publications, presentations at professional conferences and in the community, and through other healthcare and public venues.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05302999; protocol version 1.1 approved 05/23/2022.Trial fundingNational Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research.
CXCL12, a potential modulator of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of bladder cancer: From a comprehensive analysis of TCGA database
Authors: Wang Jinyan , Xie Yizhao , Qin Dongmei , Zhong Shanliang , Hu Xichun 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundTumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a significant role in the initiation and progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). However, there are only a few researches regarding the association between immune-related genes and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) in TIME of BLCA.MethodsWe calculated the proportion of immune/stromal component and TICs of 414 BLCA samples and 19 normal samples downloaded from TCGA database with the help of ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the comparison between Stromal and Immune Score and further analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, as well as PPI network and COX regression analysis. CXCL12 was overlapping among the above analyses. Single gene analysis of CXCL12 was carried out through difference analysis, paired analysis and GSEA. The association between CXCL12 and TICs was assessed by difference analysis and correlation analysis.ResultsImmune and stromal component in TIME of BLCA were associated with patients’ clinicopathological characteristics. 284 DEGs were primarily enriched in immune-associated activities, among which CXCL12 was the most significant gene sharing the leading nodes in PPI network and being closely related with patients’ survival. Single gene analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed that CXCL12 was down-regulated in BLCA samples and significantly related with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients. Further analysis suggested that CXCL12 was involved in the immune-associated activities probably through its close cross-talk with TICs.ConclusionsCXCL12 down-regulation could be a potential biomarker to predict the unbalanced immune status of TIME of BLCA, which might provide an extra insight for the immunotherapy of BLCA.
Dietary zinc intake and mortality in patients with intestinal-type gastric cancer: A prospective cohort study in Korea
Authors: Kwak Jung Hyun , Park Chan Hyuk , Eun Chang Soo , Han Dong Soo , Kim Yong Sung , Song Kyu Sang , Choi Bo Youl , Kim Hyun Ja 
Published: November 2022

PurposeCurrent evidence regarding the association between zinc intake and gastric cancer (GC)-specific survival in patients with intestinal-type GC is lacking. Therefore, this cohort study investigated the association between zinc intake and GC mortality through follow-up on GC death among patients with intestinal-type GC and whether these effects differ according to the source of zinc intake.MethodsA total of 185 patients with intestinal-type GC were enrolled from two hospitals between 2002 and 2006. Their survival or death was prospectively followed up until December 31, 2016, through a review of medical records and telephone surveys.ResultsA total of 178 patients were included and analyzed. The median follow-up period was 7.3 years. In the fully adjusted models, the highest tertile of total zinc intake showed a significantly lower GC mortality than the lowest tertile (hazard ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.64). In addition, the tertile of total zinc intake showed a dose-response association with GC mortality (p=0.015). Analysis of the source of zinc intake revealed that when zinc intake from staples (rice and noodles), animal, and plant food sources were combined, the results were similar to those of total zinc intake and GC mortality.ConclusionZinc intake through various foods may be effective in reducing GC mortality by achieving balance with other nutrients. Our results suggest that zinc improves the survival of patients with intestinal-type GC in Korea.
Black phosphorus quantum dots: Nonlinear optical modulation material with ultraviolet saturable absorption
Authors: Wei Hao , Fan Wenxuan , Dong Yulan , Wang Yiduo , Zhou Li , Wang Yingwei , He Jun 
Published: November 2022

Black phosphorus has attracted great interest for optical modulation and optoelectronic devices because of its ultrathin layer structure, tunable band gap, and high in-plane anisotropy. In particular, in the near-infrared and mid-infrared bands, proof-of-concept applications, including saturable absorber resonators, photodetectors, and optical modulators based on 2D black phosphorus nanosheets, have been reported one after another. However, relatively few studies about black phosphorus have been reported in the ultraviolet band. Moreover, the poor stability of black phosphorus has also limited its development in practical applications. Here, we successfully prepared ultra-small black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) with an average thickness of 2.0 ± 0.4 nm and a diameter of 2.2 ± 0.6 nm. Furthermore, we also fabricated BPQD-Ormosil gel glasses. Through an open-aperture Z-scan experiment, BPQD-Ormosil gel glasses demonstrated excellent nonlinear optical modulation in the ultraviolet band, which proposes a new idea for ultraviolet optical modulation elements such as saturable absorption devices.