bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age, sex, and socioeconomic differences in multimorbidity measured in four ways: UK primary care cross-sectional analysis
Authors: MacRae Clare , Mercer Stewart W , Henderson David , McMinn Megan , Morales Daniel R , Jefferson Emily , Lyons Ronan A , Lyons Jane , Dibben Chris , McAllister David A , Guthrie Bruce 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundMultimorbidity poses major challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Definitions with cut-offs in excess of ≥2 long-term conditions (LTCs) might better capture populations with complexity but are not standardised.AimTo examine variation in prevalence using different definitions of multimorbidity.Design and settingCross-sectional study of 1 168 620 people in England.MethodComparison of multimorbidity (MM) prevalence using four definitions: MM2+ (≥2 LTCs), MM3+ (≥3 LTCs), MM3+ from 3+ (≥3 LTCs from ≥3 International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision chapters), and mental–physical MM (≥2 LTCs where ≥1 mental health LTC and ≥1 physical health LTC are recorded). Logistic regression was used to examine patient characteristics associated with multimorbidity under all four definitions.ResultsMM2+ was most common (40.4%) followed by MM3+ (27.5%), MM3+ from 3+ (22.6%), and mental–physical MM (18.9%). MM2+, MM3+, and MM3+ from 3+ were strongly associated with oldest age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 58.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.13 to 60.14; aOR 77.69, 95% CI = 75.33 to 80.12; and aOR 102.06, 95% CI = 98.61 to 105.65; respectively), but mental–physical MM was much less strongly associated (aOR 4.32, 95% CI = 4.21 to 4.43). People in the most deprived decile had equivalent rates of multimorbidity at a younger age than those in the least deprived decile. This was most marked in mental–physical MM at 40–45 years younger, followed by MM2+ at 15–20 years younger, and MM3+ and MM3+ from 3+ at 10–15 years younger. Females had higher prevalence of multimorbidity under all definitions, which was most marked for mental–physical MM.ConclusionEstimated prevalence of multimorbidity depends on the definition used, and associations with age, sex, and socioeconomic position vary between definitions. Applicable multimorbidity research requires consistency of definitions across studies.
Passively mode-locked dual-wavelength Ho-doped fiber laser with noise-like pulse regime
Authors: Hu Ping , Mao Jiajia , Zhou Xue , Feng Tianli , Nie Hongkun , Wang Ruihua , Bian Jintian , Zhang Baitao , Li Tao , He Jingliang , Yang Kejian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically investigate the noise-like pulse (NLP) generation in a nonlinear polarization rotation-based mode-locked Ho-doped fiber ring laser, which can optionally operate in the dual-wavelength regime. By carefully changing the pump power and polarization state, the dual-wavelength NLP regime at 2041.9 and 2083.3 nm is finally achieved, which corresponds to a pulse energy of 11.84 nJ and a pulse duration of 849 fs. It is believed to be the first report on the dual-wavelength NLP operation from the previously reported Ho-doped fiber lasers.
An analytical formula for determining the electrical impedance between a single adherent cell and sensor substrate
Authors: Shiozawa Masataka , Uno Shigeyasu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An analytical formula for the electrical impedance between an adherent living cell and a sensor substrate measured using a microelectrode is presented for the first time. Previously-reported formula has been applicable only for the case where many cells are on a large electrode. In contrast, our formula is valid even when a microelectrode smaller than the cell-size is underneath the cell, which is often the case for the state-of-the-art single-cell analysis. Numerical simulations for verifying the accuracy of our formula reveals that the discrepancies between the theoretical impedances calculated by our formula and numerical simulation results are negligibly small. Our formula will be useful for describing cell-substrate impedance properties in equivalent circuit model analysis or sensor design optimizations.
التباين المكاني للسكان المصابين بمرض التدرن الرئوي في محافظة النجف
Authors: علي هدى هادي , كاظم أ.د جواد 
Published: October 2022

يعد مرض التدرن الرئوي من الامراض المعدية الوبائية ، لذلك يجب اتباع الارشادات الصادرة عن الصحة العالمية الذي يعد هذا المرض من اهداف الدول وهو مرض يصيب الجهاز التنفسي وباقي اجزاء الجسم ،بلغت اعلى نسبة في مركز قضاء النجف بلغت (58) بينما ادنى نسبة في ناحية الشبكة (2)،اما على مستوى البيئة بلغت اعلى نسبة في الريف (183)والحضر (136) على مستوى المحافظة ،بينما بلغت نسبة الذكور اعلى من نسبة الاناث في اعداد الاصابة الكلي للذكور بلغت( 212)والاناث (107)إصابة ويرجع ذلك الى كون الاناث تفضل العمل الإداري من جهة وقضاء عدد منهن في المنزل مما تقل الإصابة ،اما على مستوى التحصيل الدراسي بلغت الاصابات في مرحلة الابتدائية اعلى إصابة (150).
تطوير نسخة عربية لمقياس المعتقدات اللاعقلانية الايجابية (‏‎(PIBS ‎‏ على عينة ‏غير إكلينيكية في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: روبي د. محمد لخضر ‏ , ‏ القحطاني‎ ‎ د. عبد الله بن صالح 
Published: October 2022

استهدف البحث تعريب مقياس المعتقدات اللاعقلانية الايجابية(PIBS) وتقنينها وتحريها في البيئة السعودية، واشتقاق معايير للأداء، بحيث يمكن الاعتماد عليها في مساعدة الأفراد لاتخاذ القرار الإرشادي والأكاديمي ، حيث بلغت عينة البحث (732) فرداً، بمتوسط عمري (30.59) وانحرف معياري (12.18) ، حيث أشارت نتائج العينة التجريبية الأولى إلى أن مقياس المعتقدات اللاعقلانية الايجابية (PIBS) يتميز بالثبات والاستقرار حيث تراوحت معاملات ثبات ألفا كرونباخ بين (0.79- 0.83) ، وبلغ معاملات صدق الاتساق الداخلي بين البعد والدرجة الكلية للمقياس بين(0.69-0.87) وكانت جميعها دالة إحصائياً عند مستوى الدلالة (α= 0.01)، كما تبين من نتائج التحليل العاملي للمقياس أن العوامل الأربعة للمقياس قد فسرت من التباين ما نسبته (40.19%)، وأن الفقرات قد تشبعت على عواملها .وأظهرت نتائج التحليل التوكيدي أن مؤشر المطابقة المقارن(CFI) قد بلغ( 0.878) ، كما بلغات أوميجا ماكدونالد McDonald's ω بين (0.91-0.92) وقد تم اشتقاق معايير الأداء للمقياس حسب الجنس والعمر، وبذلك فإن نتائج البحث تشير إلى توافر خصائص سيكومترية مقبولة لمقياس المعتقدات اللاعقلانية الايجابية((PIBS في البيئة السعودية.
التمكين الاداري لدى رؤساء الاقسام في كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة/ ابن الهيثم جامعة بغداد ‏وحدود تطبيقه
Authors: حسين م . زينه حمودي 
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث التعرف على حدود تطبيق التمكين الاداري لدى رؤساء الاقسام في كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة/ ابن الهيثم ، اذ بلغ مجتمع الدراسة (493) تدريسيا وتدريسية ، في حين بلغت عينة الدراسة (٤٩) تدريسي وتدريسية بنسبة (10% )، ولتحقيق اهداف الدراسة تم بناء استبانة مكونة من (٣٣) فقرة موزعة على اربع مجالات ( القدرة والعمل الاداري ، الدعم والتحفيز ، التفويض والصلاحيات ، الاتصال الاداري ) وتم التأكد من صدقها وثباتها عن طريق عرضها على مجموعة من المحكمين في اختصاصات مختلفة ، استعملت الباحثة الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة لغرض تحليل النتائج وتفسيرها ، وتوصل البحث الى ان التمكين الاداري مطبق لدى رؤساء الاقسام بدرجة متوسطة ، في حين لم تظهر أي فروق ذات دلالة احصائية لمتغير الشهادة والجنس لدى الفئة المستهدفة ، توصي الباحثة بادخال رؤساء الاقسام العلمية بدورات تنموية شاملة تمكنهم من مواكبة التغييرات على وفق المعايير العالمية الخاصة بالعمل الآداري.
The Aesthetic Use of Symbols in Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of ‎Dorian Gray
Authors: Saeed Chro Muhammad , Sharif Asst. Prof. Dr. Azad Hamad 
Published: October 2022

This research paper is a study of the aesthetic use of symbols in Oscar Wilde’s only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) which was published in Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine in 1890. The aim of this paper is not to cover all the symbols in the book, but to offer an explanation of the most significant symbols in the work which add depth and beauty to the text, hoping that this study will help the readers to achieve some aesthetic insight into the text of the novel. The novel’s focus on sensual love and physical pleasure that undercuts Victorian aesthetics and values of order and rationality brought much criticism and heated arguments on both the book and its rebellious author.
The paper begins with an introduction that highlights the social values and the aesthetic concept of the Victorian people. But contrary to their expectations, Wilde used extraordinary ideas and symbols to undermine the Victorian code of values. This conflict led to the discussion of the themes of moral decadence, caste system, corruption, crime, and hypocrisy which were popular in the Victorian era. The study explores Wilde’s creative method in dealing with the moral and the social issues of his society in a superb style which distinguishes him from his predecessors. The book’s violation of Victorian traditional values helped it achieve the status of a valuable modern aesthetic text. Wilde’s nondidactic method creates aesthetic feeling in the reader by using wonderful setting, unusual symbols, extraordinary characters, floral imagery, and sublime figurative language.
أثر إِستراتيجية عقلي ومعلوماتي في تحصيل طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة قواعد اللغة ‏العربية
Authors: صاحب‏ م.م. صلاح مهدي 
Published: October 2022

هدف البحث الحالي إلى تعرف أثر إِستراتيجية عقلي ومعلوماتي في تحصيل طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة قواعد اللغة العربية، واستعمل الباحث التصميم التجريبي ذو الضبط الجزئي واختار قصديًا عينة من طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط من (المتوسطة المركزية للبنين) في قضاء مركز الحلة التابع للمديرية العامة لتربية محافظة بابل للسنة الدراسية (2020- 2021) لغرض تطبيق التجربة. وقد تكونت عينة البحث من (50) طالبًا وبواقع (25) طالبًا في كل من المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة. ولقد كافأ الباحث بين مجموعتي البحث في المتغيرات الاتية: (العمر الزمني للطلاب محسوبًا بالأشهر، التحصيل الدراسي للاباء، التحصيل الدراسي للأُمهات، درجات العام الماضي لمادة قواعد اللغة العربية، الاختبار التحصيلي القبلي).
وبعد تحديد المادة العلمية المراد تدريسها والتي شملت الفصلين الثاني والثالث من كتاب قواعد اللغة العربية للصف الثاني المتوسط المقرر تدريسه للسنة الدراسية (2020- 2021) في الفصل الدراسي الثاني وفي ضوء محتواه حدّد الباحث الخطط الدراسية للمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة وأعد اختبارًا تحصيليًا تكون من (36) فقرة وتم التأكد مِن صدقه وثباته وقوته التمييزية ودرس الباحث بنفسه مجموعتي البحث خلال مدة التجربة التي استمرت من (2/3/2021) ولغاية يوم (18/3/2021). وبعد إنتهاء التجربة طبّق الباحث الاختبار التحصيلي، وفي ضوء نتائج البحث، وضع الباحث عددًا من التوصيات والمقترحات.
تقييم معدلات التخرج للخريجين الاوائل الثلاثة في الجامعات العراقية للفترة من 1990-2018 ‏ دراسة حالة احد الاقسام العلمية
Authors: احمد أ.د.احمد شهاب , عبد الله أ.د.حامد حسن 
Published: October 2022

حاولت الدراسة الحالية تقييم معدلات التخرج لطلبة احد الاقسام العلمية في احدى الجامعات العراقية باعتبارها نموذج يمكن ان يستنبط منه بعض المؤشرات عن العوامل المؤثرة على معدلات التخرج التي يحققها الطلبة في الجامعات العراقية. شملت الدراسة مقارنة لمعدلات التخرج النهائية للطلبة الثلاثة الاوائل وللفترة الزمنية الممتدة 1990- 2018 . من خلال المرتسمات التي تضمنتها الدراسة ومحاولة استنباط طبيعة تغير معدلات الطلبة سنويا ولفترة الدراسة ، امكن الوصول الى بعض النتائج منها ان معدل الطالب الاول والثاني والثالث كانت 77.15 و 74.51 و 72.88 على التوالي ولفترة الدراسة من 1990-2018 . اما المعدل السنوي لخريجي القسم فكانت حوالي 52 طالب وطالبة . اظهرت النتائج ان المعدل العام للفروقات بين الطالب الاول والثاني والاول لثالث شهدت زيادة تدريجية بينما كانت الفروقات بين الطالب الثاني والثالث شهدت تراجعا في الفروقات مما يعكس تواجد طالب متميز واحد او اثنين عن باقي الطلبة في كل عام دراسي. ان قيم معدلات الطلبة وتغيرها السنوي اوضحت شيئا من التذبذب في المعدلات والذي توافق مع التغيرات في ادارة القسم فضلا عن التقلبات في الاوضاع السياسية والاقتصادية والامنية على مستوى البلاد، وهذا يعني ان معدلات تخرج الطلبة قد لا تعكس حقيقة التميز الذهني او الفكري او العلمي للطلبة الا بقدر محدود.
The Test and Measurement to Football and Futsal Coaches in Ngawi
Authors: Darumoyo Kuncoro Darumoyo , Irfan Mohammad , Wahyudi Arief Nur , Abdul Khamid  , Kukuh Aprhiyandika  
Published: October 2022

Tests and measurements are very important for trainers to master. However, many soccer and futsal coaches in Ngawi do not understand about tests and measurements. It is important to conduct socialization and training on tests and measurement to soccer and futsal coaches in Ngawi. This service program aims to increase the insight of coach in Ngawi about tests and measurement. This type of community service is socialization and training with the target of soccer and futsal coaches registered under the auspices of PSSI Ngawi Regency. This activity was held at STKIP Modern Ngawi with the target number of soccer coaches and futsal coaches. The steps of the activities carried out are seminars related to the delivery of materials and training with the practice of doing tests and measurements. The implementation of this activity was attended by 50 participants. The socialization material has been delivered in its entirety. The insight and understanding of soccer and futsal coaches has increased. The conclusion of this community service program can be carried out properly and run smoothly according to the activity plan that has been prepared. This activity received a very good response as evidenced by the active participation of participants in the mentoring by not leaving the place before the end of the seminar.

Keywords : Test; measurement; coach; soccer; futsal.
Statistical learning of spatiotemporal regularities dynamically guides visual attention across space
Authors: Xu Zhenzhen , Theeuwes Jan , Los Sander A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn dynamic environments, statistical learning of spatial and temporal regularities guides visual attention in space and time. In the current study, we explored whether and how combined spatiotemporal regularities regarding target events guide visual attention. In three experiments, participants performed the additional singleton task. They were asked to search for a target stimulus with a unique shape among five non-target distractors and respond to the orientation of a line inside the target. Unbeknownst to the participants, the moment in time that the search display was presented was predictive of the target location. Specifically, the target was more likely to be presented at one high-probability location after a short interval and at another high-probability location after a long interval. The results showed that participants’ performance was better for high-probability locations than for low-probability locations. Moreover, visual search efficiency was greater when the target appeared at the high-probability location after its associated interval than when it occurred there after its nonassociated interval, regardless of whether the distribution of intervals was uniform (Experiment 1), exponential (Experiment 2), or anti-exponential (Experiment 3). Taken together, the results indicate that implicitly learned spatiotemporal regularities dynamically guide visual attention towards the probable target location.
No evidence for superior distractor filtering amongst individuals high in autistic-like traits
Authors: Visser Troy A. W. , English Michael C. W. , Maybery Murray T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutistic individuals and individuals with high levels of autistic-like traits often show better visual search performance than their neurotypical peers. The present work investigates whether this advantage stems from increased ability to filter out distractors. Participants with high or low levels of autistic-like traits completed an attentional blink task in which trials varied in target-distractor similarity. The results showed no evidence that high levels of autistic-like traits were associated with superior distractor filtering (indexed by the difference in the size of the attentional blink across the high- and low-similarity distractors). This suggests that search advantages seen in previous studies are likely linked to other mechanisms such as enhanced pre-attentive scene processing, better decision making, or more efficient response selection.
IllustrisTNG Snapshots for 10 Gyr of Dynamical Evolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Their Host Clusters
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Vogelsberger Mark , Borrow Josh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We explore the redshift evolution of the dynamical properties of massive clusters and their brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at z < 2 based on the IllustrisTNG-300 simulation. We select 270 massive clusters with M
200 < 1014
M
⊙ at z = 0 and trace their progenitors based on merger trees. From 67 redshift snapshots covering z < 2, we compute the 3D subhalo velocity dispersion as a cluster velocity dispersion (σ
cl). We also calculate the 3D stellar velocity dispersion of the BCGs (σ
*,BCG). Both σ
cl and σ
*,BCG increase as the universe ages. The BCG velocity dispersion grows more slowly than the cluster velocity dispersion. Furthermore, the redshift evolution of the BCG velocity dispersion shows dramatic changes at some redshifts resulting from dynamical interaction with neighboring galaxies (major mergers). We show that σ
*,BCG is comparable with σ
cl at z > 1, offering an interesting observational test. The simulated redshift evolution of σ
cl and σ
*,BCG generally agrees with an observed cluster sample for z < 0.3, but with large scatter. Future large spectroscopic surveys reaching to high redshift will test the implications of the simulations for the mass evolution of both clusters and their BCGs.
Drift Rates of Narrowband Signals in Long-term SETI Observations for Exoplanets
Authors: Li Jian-Kang , Zhao Hai-Chen , Tao Zhen-Zhao , Zhang Tong-Jie , Xiao-Hui Sun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Doppler shift of a radio signal is caused by the relative motion between the transmitter and receiver. The change in frequency of the signal over time is called the drift rate. In the studies of radio search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), extraterrestrial narrowband signals are expected to appear “chirped” since both the exoplanet and Earth are moving. Such planet rotation and orbital revolution around the central star can cause a nonzero drift rate. Other relative motions between the transmitter and receiver, such as the gravitational redshift and galactic potential, are negligible. In this paper, we mainly consider the common cases in which the drift rate is contributed by the rotations and orbits of Earth and the exoplanet in the celestial mechanics perspective, and we briefly discuss other cases different from the Earth–exoplanet one. We can obtain the expected pseudosinusoidal drifting result with long-term observations and shorter orbital periods of exoplanets. Exoplanets with higher orbital eccentricities can cause asymmetric drifting. The expected result should be intermittent pseudosinusoidal curves in long-term observations. The characteristics of pseudosinusoidal curves, as another new criterion for extraterrestrial signals, can be applied to long-term SETI reobservations in future research.
A Swift X-Ray View of the SMS4 Sample—X-Ray Properties of 31 Quasars and Radio Galaxies
Authors: Maselli Alessandro , Forman William R. , Jones Christine , Kraft Ralph P. , Perri Matteo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (hereafter Swift) observations of 31 sources from the SMS4 catalog, a sample of 137 bright radio sources originally designed to extend the well-studied 3CRR radio sample to the Southern Hemisphere. All these sources had no Chandra or XMM-Newton observations: 24 of these were observed with Swift through a dedicated proposal in 2015, and data for the remaining seven were retrieved from the Swift archive. The reduction and analysis of data collected by the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT) led to 20 detections in the 0.3–10 keV band. We provide details of the X-ray emission in this band for these 20 detections, as well as upper limits for the remaining 11 SMS4 sources. When statistics allowed, we investigated the extent of the X-ray emission and the hardness ratio, and we carried out a spectral analysis. We matched the 20 X-ray-detected sources with infrared (AllWISE, CatWISE2020) and optical (GSC 2.3.2, DES DR2) catalogs to establish associations with infrared and optical sources and compared our results with previously published counterparts in these bands. Requiring a detection in both the infrared and optical bands to establish a candidate counterpart for our X-ray detections, we obtain reliable counterparts for 18 sources, while the remaining two sources need further investigation to establish firm identifications. In the infrared, we confirm 12 previously established counterparts and provide six new candidates. In the optical, we find agreement with 13 previously established counterparts, while we provide an alternative candidate for five SMS4 sources. We find that ∼35% of all the SMS4 sources lie below the lower limit of 10.9 Jy for the flux density at 178 MHz established for the 3CRR sample, at variance with the values extrapolated using measurements at higher frequencies. Therefore, for future studies where flux-density-limited samples are needed, we encourage the use of the more recent G4Jy sample. We present the list of 56 SMS4 sources that in 2022 March remain to be observed in the X-rays with narrow-field instruments, to highlight interesting sources and organize further observational campaigns to achieve complete X-ray coverage for the whole SMS4 in the forthcoming years.
Réécriture du conflit tragique et évolution du goût exotique : de L’Orphelin de la maison de Tchao (1731) de Ji Junxiang à L’Orphelin de la Chine (1755) de Voltaire
Authors: Tang Guo 
Published: October 2022

L’écriture théâtrale est remarquablement concernée par des stratégies de réécriture. Au XVIIIe siècle, du fait de l’intensification des échanges entre l’Europe et le reste du monde, la littérature française a subi diverses influences étrangères. En témoigne L’Orphelin de la maison de Tchao, une pièce de l’écrivain chinois de la dynastie des Yuan (XIIIe s.) Ji Junxiang, traduite par le Père de Prémare et diffusée en Europe en 1731. Il s’agit de la seule pièce du théâtre chinois introduite en Europe au XVIIIe siècle, excellent témoignage des débuts de la diffusion de la littérature chinoise. Par sa valeur esthétique et idéologique, mais sans doute aussi par son exotisme, cette pièce a eu en France un rayonnement étendu et un retentissement fort chez Voltaire, qui a composé en 1755 sa fameuse tragédie exotique de L’Orphelin de la Chine. Aussi bien en Chine qu’en France, le genre théâtral repose sur l’alternance de scènes de conflits et de réconciliation. La présente étude voudrait clarifier, dans leurs différences, quelques aspects des tensions manifestes dans les deux Orphelins. S’appuyant sur la nature intrinsèque du conflit tragique, c’est-à-dire sur ses caractéristiques et sur son fondement même, cet article s’emploie à comparer les conflits que présentent ces deux pièces afin de définir les ressorts essentiels de ces tragédies.