bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperenrichment of gold in pyrite induced by solid-state transportation
Authors: Xian Haiyang , He Hongping , Zhu Jianxi , Qiu Kunfeng , Li Yang , Yang Yiping , Xing Jieqi , Tan Wei , Tsuchiyama Akira , Yastake Masahiro , Enju Satomi , Miyake Akira , Zhu Runliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe hyperenrichment of gold is critical for the formation of high-grade gold deposits in orogenic systems, where gold enrichment can reach several percent. However, many details on the nature of the hyperenrichment mechanism remain unclear. Here we show a “self-purification” model that could explain the hyperenrichment of gold from nanoparticles to veinlets in deformed pyrite. The three-dimensional spatial relationship and coexistence of gold nanoparticles and veinlets indicate a direct transformation from the former to the latter in solid-state. Theoretical evaluation reveals that this transformation involves a thermodynamically favorable self-purification process. We thus propose that deformation/thermo drives the transport of gold nanoparticles towards veinlets in pyrite through atomic diffusion. This deformation/thermo-driven model is applicable to any deformed nano-gold-bearing pyrite and explains how solid-state transport can effectively concentrate gold to a very high grade. Similar mechanisms may have broad implications in both ore-forming and beneficiation processes.
Neural network modeling of bismuth-doped fiber amplifier
Authors: Donodin Aleksandr , de Moura Uiara Celine , Brusin Ann Margareth Rosa , Manuylovich Egor , Dvoyrin Vladislav , Da Ros Francesco , Carena Andrea , Forysiak Wladek , Zibar Darko , Turitsyn Sergei K. 
Published: December 2022

Bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers offer an attractive solution for meeting continuously growing enormous demand on the bandwidth of modern communication systems. However, practical deployment of such amplifiers require massive development and optimization efforts with the numerical modeling being the core design tool. The numerical optimization of bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers is challenging due to a large number of unknown parameters in the conventional rate equations models. We propose here a new approach to develop a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier model based on a neural network purely trained with experimental data sets in E- and S-bands. This method allows a robust prediction of the amplifier operation that incorporates variations of fiber properties due to manufacturing process and any fluctuations of the amplifier characteristics. Using the proposed approach the spectral dependencies of gain and noise figure for given bi-directional pump currents and input signal powers have been obtained. The low mean (less than 0.19 dB) and standard deviation (less than 0.09 dB) of the maximum error are achieved for gain and noise figure predictions in the 1410–1490 nm spectral band.
Polypharmazie – Interaktionen bei älteren Menschen
Authors: Cascorbi Ingolf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungThrombozytenaggregationshemmer und Antikoagulanzien sind wichtige Standardmedikationen in der Prophylaxe und Therapie kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen. Die oft multiple Medikation und durch
zusätzliche Begleiterkrankungen notwendige weitere Medikation birgt besonders bei älteren Patienten ein hohes Risiko von Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen. Diese können das Blutungsrisiko oder im
Fall des Wirkungsverlusts das Risiko thromboembolischer Ereignisse erhöhen. In diesem Artikel werden klinisch relevante Interaktionen von COX-Hemmern (COX: Cyclooxygenase) und
Adenosinrezeptorantagonisten sowie von Vitamin-K-Antagonisten und direkten oralen Antikoagulanzien (DOAK) wie auch Strategien zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Wirkungen diskutiert.
Gerinnungsmanagement in der schweren, fortgeschrittenen Niereninsuffizienz
Authors: Schettler Volker , Schlieper Georg 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz (CKD) haben ein hohes Risiko für nicht valvuläres Vorhofflimmern (NVAF) und häufig ein höheres Risiko für venöse Thromboembolien (VTE) aufgrund
ihrer Grunderkrankungen wie z. B. Diabetes. Bisher kamen Vitamin-K-Antagonisten (VKA) auch bei diesen Patienten in Deutschland zum Einsatz. VKA haben ein erhöhtes Blutungsrisiko und werden
als Risikofaktor für eine Verschlechterung der Nierenfunktion und/oder Gefäßsituation (Athero- und Mediasklerose) von Patienten diskutiert. Aus diesen Gründen und den vorliegenden
Studiendaten werden deshalb direkt wirkende orale Antikoagulanzien (DOAC) auch bei Patienten mit NVAF und CKD (G1–G3) in den Leitlinien empfohlen. Allerdings kann keine klare Empfehlung für
den Einsatz von DOAC bei Dialysepatienten gegeben werden. Heparine spielen in diesem Zusammenhang nur eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Thalidomid-Embryopathie 60 Jahre
Authors: Passarge Eberhard 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDiese Rückschau beschreibt die wesentlichen Vorgänge bei der Erkennung der Thalidomid-Embryopathie vor rund 60 Jahren. Die systematische Analyse eines breiten Spektrums von angeborenen Fehlbildungen zahlreicher Organsysteme definiert dieses von 1959 bis 1962 gehäuft aufgetretene Krankheitsbild. Mehr als 5000 geschädigte Menschen wurden in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland beobachtet, weltweit mindestens 10 000. Heute leben in Deutschland noch etwa 2400 betroffene Erwachsene. Zahlreiche Spätfolgen mit chronischen Schmerzzuständen führen zu verminderter Lebensqualität. Im Gegensatz zu Europa und Kanada trat in den USA die Thalidomid-Embryopathie nicht gehäuft auf. Eine aufmerksame Ärztin am FDA verhinderte die Zulassung. Auch in der DDR wurde Thalidomid nicht vertrieben.
Der interventionelle Vorhofohrverschluss: eine Alternative zur oralen Antikoagulation
Authors: Omran Heyder , Büllesfeld Lutz , Heinrich Jaroslaw 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie orale Antikoagulation ist der Standard zur Prävention von Embolien bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern. Der interventionelle Vorhofohrverschluss ist eine Alternative zur oralen
Antikoagulation bei Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern und Kontraindikationen oder Unverträglichkeiten einer oralen Antikoagulation, insbesondere bei klinisch relevanten Blutungen. Die Sicherheit
des Verfahrens hat in den letzten Jahren erheblich zugenommen. Mehrere große randomisierte Studien vergleichen aktuell die Effektivität und Sicherheit der oralen Antikoagulation und des
interventionellen Vorhofohrverschlusses.
Challenging the linearity assumption of intra-brand image confusion
Authors: Grimm Malek Simon , Wagner Ralf 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to clarify and consolidate the components and consequences of intra-brand image confusion (IBIC). In addition to validating previous research results on IBIC in a fresh context (different product category with its brands), this study challenges the linearity assumption usually underlying studies of branding impacts and IBIC. A national representative online survey was conducted in the United Kingdom investigating the smartphone market. Explorative factor analyses were conducted in order to assess the components of IBIC. Structural equation modeling reveals the extent and consequences of IBIC. Multiple regressions were conducted to further explore non-linear response at the sub-domain and higher-order construct level. The results confirm and solidify previous results on the relevance of the construct of IBIC. This study supports the relevance of intra-brand image confusion’s three components. A novel contribution arises from the fact that customers with a moderate involvement level are more confused than people with lower involvement levels. A U-shaped response indicates that lower involved prospective customers are at higher risk of a confusion by too broad assortments. Brand managers are well advised to pay strong attention to the structure of an assortment and to sub-brands to prevent the occurrence of an IBIC.
An ultrahigh performance laser driver based on novel composite topology enhanced Howland current Source
Authors: Yang A. Derui , Xia B. Shiyi , Ouyang C. Longtian , Hou D. Weigang , Guo E. Lei 
Published: December 2022

Laser diodes (LDs) are used in a wide range of applications, such as optical wireless communications and LIDAR. To meet the demanding requirements of LDs for high accuracy and stability of the injection current, a high-precision, high stability LD driver with overvoltage protection is proposed. A novel structure based on enhanced Howland current source is described: composite topology enhanced Howland current source (CTEHCS), which has the advantages of high precision, high stability, and extensive regulation range. A 20-bit DAC and high-precision reference source are used to form a front-stage DAC circuit for precise and stable voltage reference. A closed-loop feedback calibration loop is applied to eliminate significantly the absolute errors and auxiliary calibrating of the effect of power operational amplifier on the temperature rise of critical devices. An innovative overvoltage protection circuit is designed for the load side of the CTEHCS, and the protection range can be flexibly set to 4/5/6 V to avoid damage to loads such as LDs. The noise performance, accuracy and stability, modulation bandwidth, nonlinear error, overvoltage protection performance, and turn-on and turn-off time of the experimental prototype are described in detail.
Reconfigurable self-powered deep UV photodetectors based on ultrawide bandgap ferroelectric ScAlN
Authors: Mondal Shubham , Wang Ding , Wang Ping , Wu Yuanpeng , Hu Mingtao , Xiao Yixin , Mohanty Subhajit , Ma Tao , Ahmadi Elaheh , Mi Zetian 
Published: December 2022

The efficient photoelectric conversion based on the ferroelectric property of a material has attracted widespread attention in advanced optoelectronic systems. Such an electrically reconfigurable photovoltaic effect offers a unique opportunity for the development of self-powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors for a broad range of applications from the military to human health and the environment. To date, however, the low performance metrics of such photodetectors have hindered their integration with existing platforms. By exploring the unique optoelectronic properties of an ultrawide bandgap nitride ferroelectric (ScAlN), we demonstrate, for the first time, polarization dependent high-performance self-powered deep UV photodetectors. The responsivity at 193 nm illumination reached up to a maximum of 15 mA/W with a detectivity of 1.2 × 1011 Jones at an extremely low illumination intensity of 0.12 mW/cm2. Furthermore, the photodetectors exhibit wake-up free and reconfigurable photo-response, and fast and stable switching response time (&lt;0.06 s) with excellent rejection to UV-A and visible illumination. The significant findings related to the growth, fabrication, and characterization reported in this work construct a viable route to realize unprecedentedly high performance self-powered ferroelectric UV photodetectors toward energy-efficient applications.
The effectiveness of computer-assisted interpreting
Authors: Chen Sijia , Kruger Jan-Louis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Facing a new technological turn, the field of interpreting is in great need of evidence on the effectiveness of computer-assisted interpreting. This study proposes a computer-assisted consecutive interpreting (CACI) mode incorporating speech recognition (SR) and machine translation (MT). First, the interpreter listens to the source speech and respeaks it into an SR system, creating an SR text which is then processed by an MT system. Second, the interpreter produces a target speech with reference to the SR and MT texts. Six students participated in training on CACI, after which they performed consecutive interpreting in both the conventional and the new mode. The study finds that CACI featured fewer pauses and reduced cognitive load. Moreover, the overall interpreting quality, especially the accuracy, was increased. The effectiveness of the new mode is found to be modulated by the interpreting direction.
Nothophoma quercina (Sydow & P. Sydow) Q. Chen & L. Cai. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2022

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for Nothophoma quercina (Sydow & P. Sydow) Q. Chen & L. Cai. Dothideomycetes: Pleosporales: Didymellaceae. Hosts: Many woody tree species, including oak (
Quercus
sp.); pistacio (
Pistacia vera
); olive (
Olea europaea
); Chinese quince (
Pseudocydonia sinensis
); almond (
Prunus dulcis
).
On identifying critical parameters in an amplification without inversion setup in mercury
*
Authors: Preißler Daniel , Eizenhöfer Noah , Gumm Jens , Walther Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lasing without inversion is a compelling method based on the generation of coherences between atomic levels in order to produce UV radiation. While the proof-of-principle of this scheme has been shown for several decades, so far no radiation at a significant shorter wavelength than the necessary drive fields has been observed. In a recent publication Rein et al (2022 Phys. Rev. A 105 023722) have made experimental progress towards this goal. In this paper, we investigate the necessary improvements to their setup and discuss the experimental steps taken to achieve those goals. Specifically, we report on the improvement with respect to the laser sources.
Collective excitations of a general spin-3/2 Fermi gas
Authors: Xu Bei , Guo Zhongze , Gu Qiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Collective excitation modes in a general 3D homogenous spin-3/2 Fermi gas with spin-dependent contact interactions are investigated by two-particle Green’s functions and diagram techniques. Energy spectra for two branches of charge-density waves and three branches of transverse spin-density waves are obtained within the random-phase approximation. All spectra are gapless and linear in the small wave vector q, with their slopes dependent on the interaction parameters. It is also found that the spin-mixing interaction has effects on the transverse spin-density waves, but not on the charge-density modes. When the system satisfies SU(4) symmetry, the two charge-density modes become degenerate and two of the three transverse spin-density modes are degenerate, too. Furthermore, static spin susceptibilities are discussed in detail. It is found that susceptibilities increase with the enhancement of all interaction parameters, and become divergent at certain points. This phenomenon is analogous to the Stoner transition in spin-1/2 fermion gas.
Intercalation of argon in honeycomb structures towards promising strategy for rechargeable Li-ion batteries
Authors: Duden Enes Ibrahim , Savacı Umut , Turan Servet , Sevik Cem , Demiroglu Ilker 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
High-performance rechargeable batteries are becoming very important for high-end technologies with their ever increasing application areas. Hence, improving the performance of such batteries has become the main bottleneck to transferring high-end technologies to end users. In this study, we propose an argon intercalation strategy to enhance battery performance via engineering the interlayer spacing of honeycomb structures such as graphite, a common electrode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we systematically investigated the LIB performance of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) when argon atoms were sent into between their layers by using first-principles density-functional-theory calculations. Our results showed enhanced lithium binding for graphite and h-BN structures when argon atoms were intercalated. The increased interlayer space doubles the gravimetric lithium capacity for graphite, while the volumetric capacity also increased by around 20% even though the volume was also increased. The ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate the thermal stability of such graphite structures against any structural transformation and Li release. The nudged-elastic-band calculations showed that the migration energy barriers were drastically lowered, which promises fast charging capability for batteries containing graphite electrodes. Although a similar level of battery promise was not achieved for h-BN material, its enhanced battery capabilities by argon intercalation also support that the argon intercalation strategy can be a viable route to enhance such honeycomb battery electrodes.
Large field polynomial inflation:
parameter space, predictions and (double) eternal nature
Authors: Drees Manuel , Xu Yong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Simple monomial inflationary scenarios have been ruled out
by recent observations. In this work we revisit the next simplest
scenario, a single-field model where the scalar potential is a
polynomial of degree four which features a concave “almost” saddle
point. We focus on trans-Planckian field values. We reparametrize
the potential, which greatly simplifies the procedure for finding
acceptbale model parameters. This allows for the first comprehensive
scan of parameter space consistent with recent Planck and BICEP/Keck
2018 measurements. Even for trans-Planckian field values the
tensor-to-scalar ratio r can be as small as
𝒪(10-8), but the model can also saturate the current
upper bound. In contrast to the small-field version of this model,
radiative stability does not lead to strong constraints on the
parameters of the inflaton potential. For very large field values
the potential can be approximated by the quartic term; as well
known, this allows eternal inflation even for field energy well
below the reduced Planck mass M
Pl, with Hubble parameter
H ∼ 10-2
M
Pl. More interestingly, we find a region of
parameter space that even supports two phases of eternal
inflation. The second epoch only occurs if the slope at the
would-be saddle point is very small, and has
H ∼ 10-5
M
Pl; it can only be realized if
r ∼ 10-2, within the sensitivity range of next-generation
CMB observations.
New estimate for the contribution of the Geminga pulsar to the positron excess
Authors: Wu Donglin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe origin of the positron excess is one of the most intriguing mysteries in astroparticle physics. The recent discovery of extendedγ-ray halos around the pulsars Geminga, Monogem and PSR J0621+3755 have brought indirect evidence that pulsar wind nebulae acceleratee±up to very-high-energy. While the precision of previous data does not permit precise evaluation of the parameters for the pulsars, we are able to find the more precise shape of the injection spectrum using new data released by HAWC and LHAASO in 2020 and 2021. We find that this is well fitten by a power-law with an exponential cutoff. The spectral index is quite hard with values around 1 while the cutoff energy is roughly 100 TeV. We also derive the strength of the diffusion coefficient around the pulsars finding that it is two orders of magnitude lower than the average of the Galaxy. Finally, we use the above mentioned results to estimate the contribution of Geminga to the positron excess. This source alone can contribute to the entire positron excess at around 1 TeV.
Linking

anomalies to Hubble tension via a single right-handed neutrino*
Authors: Duan Wen-Feng , Li Shao-Ping , Li Xin-Qiang , Yang Ya-Dong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Updated measurements from the LHCb and SH0ES collaborations have respectively strengthened the deviations of the ratio

in rare semi-leptonic

-meson decays and the present-day Hubble parameter

in the Universe, implying tantalizing hints of new physics beyond the standard model. In this paper, we consider a simple flavor-specific two-Higgs-doublet model, where long-standing

anomalies can be addressed by a one-flavor right-handed neutrino. An intriguing prediction resulting from the parameter space for the

resolution under flavor- and collider-physics constraints points toward a shift in the effective neutrino number,

, as a favored way to ease the

tension. Depending on whether the neutrino is of the Dirac or Majorana type, we show that the resulting shift is

for the former case and

for the latter case. While the Dirac case is disfavored by the CMB polarization measurements, the Majorana solution is consistent with recent studies using a combined dataset from various sources. Consequently, such a simple flavor-specific two-Higgs-doublet model provides a link between

anomalies and

tension, which in turn can be readily verified or disproved by upcoming measurements.
Energy-sensitive scatter estimation and correction for spectral x-ray imaging with photon-counting detectors
Authors: Lewis Cale E. , Das Mini 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As photon counting detectors are being explored for medical
and industrial imaging applications, there is a critical need to
understand spectral characteristics of scattered x-ray
photons. Scattered radiation is detrimental to x-ray imaging by
reducing image quality and quantitative accuracy. While various
scatter correction techniques have been proposed for x-ray imaging
with conventional energy-integrating detectors, additional efforts
are required to develop approaches for spectral x-ray imaging with
energy-resolving PCDs. We show the benefits of accurate scatter
estimation and correction for each energy bin when using a photon
counting detector. We propose a scatter estimation model that
accounts for the energy-dependent scatter characteristics in
projection imaging. This can then be used to restore quantitative
accuracy for spectral x-ray imaging with PCDs. Results are shown in
the context of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography using
dual-energy subtraction to digitally isolate iodine targets
(2.5–40 mg/ml). In the presence of scatter, the projected iodine
densities are increasingly underestimated as the object thickness
increases. The energy-sensitive scatter correction improves the
iodine density estimation up to 46%. These results suggest that our
scatter estimation model can accurately account for the
energy-dependent scatter distribution, which can be an effective
tool for scatter compensation in spectral x-ray
imaging. Implementing this scatter estimation model does not require
any modifications to the acquisition parameters and is transferable
to other x-ray imaging applications such as tomosynthesis and CT.
X-ray performance of a small pixel size sCMOS sensor and the effect of depletion depth
Authors: Hsiao Y. , Ling Z. , Zhang C. , Wang W. , Zhou Q. , Wang X. , Zhang S.-N. , Yuan W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, scientific Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (sCMOS) devices have been increasingly applied in X-ray detection, thanks to their attributes such as high frame rate, low dark current, high radiation tolerance and low readout noise. We tested the basic performance of a backside-illuminated (BSI) sCMOS sensor, which has a small pixel size of 6.5 μm × 6.5 μm. At a temperature of -20°C, The readout noise is 1.6 e-, the dark current is 0.5 e-/pixel/s, and the energy resolution reaches 204.6 eV for single-pixel events. The effect of depletion depth on the sensor's performance was also examined, using three versions of the sensors with different deletion depths. We found that the sensor with a deeper depletion region can achieve a better energy resolution for events of all types of pixel splitting patterns, and has a higher efficiency in collecting photoelectrons produced by X-ray photons. We further study the effect of depletion depth on charge diffusion with a center-of-gravity (CG) model. Based on this work, a highly depleted sCMOS is recommended for applications of soft X-ray spectroscopy.