bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoptive therapy with cytomegalovirus‐specific T cells for cytomegalovirus infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation and factors affecting efficacy
Authors: Pei Xu‐Ying , Zhao Xiang‐Yu , Liu Xue‐Fei , Mo Xiao‐Dong , Lv Meng , Xu Lan‐Ping , Wang Yu , Chang Ying‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Liu Kai‐Yan , Huang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdoptive therapy with cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CMV‐CTLs) has emerged as an effective method for CMV infection. However, the efficacy reportedly ranges from 50% to 90%, and factors affecting anti‐CMV efficacy have not been established. We investigated the safety and efficacy of adoptive therapy with CMV‐CTLs for CMV infection in 190 patients after haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo‐SCT), and importantly, we analyzed the main factors affecting antiviral efficacy. The CMV peak titer decreased from 19 (range, 1.0–503.0) × 103 copies/mL to 3.9 (range, 0–112) × 103 copies/mL after CMV‐CTL infusion. The cumulative complete response (CR) rates in the first, fourth, and sixth weeks after the first CMV‐CTL infusion were 37.9% (95% CI 35.0–40.8), 76.8% (95% CI 70.7–82.9), and 89.5% (95% CI 85.2–93.8), respectively. In multivariate analysis, persistent CMV infection prior to CMV‐CTL infusion (hazard ratio [HR] 2.29, 95% CI 1.29–4.06, p = .005) and basiliximab treatment within 2 weeks of CMV‐CTL infusion (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.06–3.81, p = .031) were independent predictors of poor antiviral efficacy of CMV‐CTL therapy. Our data showed that adoptive therapy with CMV‐CTLs is a safe and effective treatment for CMV infection after haplo‐SCT. Persistent CMV infection and basiliximab treatment are correlated with poor anti‐CMV efficacy of CMV‐CTL therapy.
Measuring the benefits of occupational safety and health research with economic metrics: Insights from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Authors: Bushnell P. Timothy , Pana‐Cryan Regina , Howard John , Quay Brian , Ray Tapas K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMeasuring the ultimate impact of research on health and economic well‐being has presented challenges that have rarely been surmounted, and research on preventing occupational injuries and illnesses is no exception. Nevertheless, there is an increasing need to demonstrate the value of publicly funded research. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recently contracted with the RAND Corporation to conduct six in‐depth case studies that aimed to quantify the benefits of key NIOSH research efforts using economic metrics. These case studies focused on silica exposure in asphalt pavement milling, firefighter cancer risks, a multi‐industry matching‐grant program for purchase of safety equipment, personal coal dust monitors for coal miners, re‐design of ambulance patient compartments for safety, and workplace amputation surveillance. In this article, we summarize what we learned about how measurement of research benefits may be pursued. We summarize the benefit measurement methods that were used and the results of these research efforts in terms of costs saved, injuries and illnesses prevented, and the statistical value of reductions in risk of death or illness. We then distill some observations about the characteristics of research efforts that make measurement of research benefits feasible and suggest steps that could make it feasible to apply the same methods more widely. We also outline key NIOSH activities that appear not to be amenable to benefit measurement but suggest potentials for progress toward at least partial or qualitative benefit assessment. Finally, we discuss implications of the benefit measurement case studies for strategic research planning.
Intrathecal IgM Synthesis Is Associated with Spinal Cord Manifestation and Neuronal Injury in Early MS
Authors: Oechtering Johanna , Lincke Therese , Schaedelin Sabine , Décard Bernhard F. , Maceski Aleksandra , Orleth Annette , Meier Stephanie , Willemse Eline , Buchmann Arabella , Khalil Michael , Derfuss Tobias , Benkert Pascal , Heijnen Ingmar , Regeniter Axel , Müller Stefanie , Achtnichts Lutz , Lalive Patrice , Salmen Anke , Pot Caroline , Gobbi Claudio , Kappos Ludwig , Granziera Cristina , Leppert David , Schlaeger Regina , Lieb Johanna M. , Kuhle Jens ,   and for the Swiss MS Cohort Study
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveIntrathecal Immunoglobulin M synthesis (IgMIntrathecal Fraction (IF)+) and spinal MRI lesions are both strong independent predictors of higher disease activity and severity in multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated whether IgMIF+ is associated with spinal cord manifestation and higher neuroaxonal damage in early MS.MethodsIn 122 patients with a first demyelinating event associations between (1) spinal versus (vs) non‐spinal clinical syndrome (2) spinal vs cerebral T2‐weighted (T2w) and (3) contrast‐enhancing (CE) lesion counts with IgGIF+ (vs IgGIF−) or IgMIF+ (vs IgMIF−) were investigated by logistic regression adjusted for age and sex, respectively. For serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) analysis patients were categorized for presence or absence of oligoclonal IgG bands (OCGB), IgGIF and IgMIF (>0% vs 0%, respectively): (1) OCGB−/IgGIF−/IgMIF−; (2) OCGB+/IgGIF−/IgMIF−; (3) OCGB+/IgGIF+/IgMIF−; and (4) OCGB+/IgGIF+/IgMIF+. Associations between categories 2 to 4 vs category 1 with sNfL concentrations were analyzed by robust linear regression, adjusted for sex and MRI parameters.ResultsPatients with a spinal syndrome had a 8.36‐fold higher odds of IgMIF+ (95%CI 3.03–23.03; p < 0.01). Each spinal T2w lesion (odds Ratio 1.39; 1.02–1.90; p = 0.037) and CE lesion (OR 2.73; 1.22–6.09; p = 0.014) was associated with an increased risk of IgMIF+ (but not of IgGIF+); this was not the case for cerebral lesions. OCGB+/IgGIF+/IgMIF+ category patients showed highest sNfL levels (estimate:1.80; 0.55–3.06; p < 0.01).InterpretationIntrathecal IgM synthesis is strongly associated with spinal manifestation and independently more pronounced neuroaxonal injury in early MS, suggesting a distinct clinical phenotype and pathophysiology. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:814–820
Nickel‐Catalyzed Thermal Redox Functionalization of C(sp3)−H Bonds with Carbon Electrophiles**
Authors: Gong Yuxin , Su Lei , Zhu Zhaodong , Ye Yang , Gong Hegui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractC(sp3)−H bond coupling with carbon electrophiles remains rarely explored under thermo‐driven hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) conditions due to the challenge of integrating oxidation and reduction in a single operation. We report here a Ni‐catalyzed arylation and alkylation of C(sp3)−H bonds with organohalides to forge C(sp3)−C bonds by merging economical Zn and tBuOOtBu (DTBP) as the external reductant and oxidant. The mild and easy‐to‐operate protocol enables facile carbofunctionalization of N‐/O‐α‐ and cyclohexane C−H bonds, and preparation of a few intermediates of bioactive compounds and drug derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies implied addition of an alkyl radical to a NiII salt.
Print path‐dependent contact temperature dependency for 3D printing using fused filament fabrication
Authors: Xu Yao , Huang Miaozi , Schlarb Alois K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the effects of different time spans and thus different contact temperatures when a molten strand contacts an adjacent already solidified strand in a plane during 3D printing with fused filament fabrication. For this purpose, both the manufacturing parameters and the geometry of the component are systematically varied and the effect on morphology and mechanical properties is investigated. The results clearly show that even with identical printing parameters, the transitions between the individual layers are much more visible with long time spans until fusion and lead to low mechanical properties. In contrast, short spans lead to hardly visible welds and high mechanical properties. Transferring the findings to different component sizes ultimately verifies that the average temperature at the time of contact between the already solidified and the currently deposited strand is decisive for component quality. In order to generate high component qualities, this finding must therefore be taken into account in the future in the path generation strategy, i.e., in so‐called slicing.
UVA Light‐promoted Catalyst‐free Cyclization of Vinyl Selenides: Green and Efficient Synthesis of C3‐Unsubstituted 2‐Selanyl Benzochalcogenophenes
Authors: Perin Gelson , Peglow Thiago J. , Penteado Filipe , Nobre Patrick C. , Silva Krigor B. , Stach Guilherme , Barcellos Thiago , Lenardão Eder J. , Roehrs Juliano A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA metal‐ and catalyst‐free photo‐promoted cyclization of properly substituted vinyl selenides was developed using UVA irradiation. A total of eighteen new C3‐unsubstituted 2‐selanyl benzochalcogenophenes (benzofurans, benzothiophenes and benzoselenophenes) were prepared in 30–86% yield after irradiation with UVA at room temperature. The usefulness of the title compounds was demonstrated in the easy functionalization of the remaining free C−H bond of the benzochalcogenophenes to form new C−Se and C−Br bonds by simple procedures. Furthermore, the reaction can be performed under natural sunlight irradiation and the solvent is easily reused further in several subsequent runs.
Amorphous CoV Phosphate Nanosheets as Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalyst
Authors: Dong Yuming , Zhao Tao , Zhong Dazhong , Liu Guang , Hao Genyan , Li Jinping , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for hydrogen production. However, OER with four‐electron transfer requires electrocatalysts to speed up its sluggish kinetics in alkaline solutions. Herein, amorphous CoV phosphate (denoted as CoV−Pi) nanosheets synthesized by a straightforward one‐step hydrothermal approach is reported, which provide a low overpotential of 320 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope down to 48.8 mV dec−1 and long‐term durability over 80 h. The efficient activity is ascribed to the amorphous nanosheets structure, high electrochemically active surface area, enhanced surface wettability and the synergistic effect of the active metal atoms. This study significantly indicates that CoV−Pi is a promising alternative to replace expensive noble metal‐based catalysts for electrochemical water splitting.
Wait, did I do that? Effects of previous decisions on moral decision‐making
Authors: Frechen Niklas , Brouwer Susanne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have investigated moral decision‐making by using moral dilemmas that involve a single decision. This article extends this paradigm, introducing two‐stage scenarios to examine how moral decision‐making is influenced by previous decisions in the same narrative—especially whether people tend to stay consistent or to reconsider within a morally challenging situation. It further compares decision‐making between two‐stage and one‐stage scenarios. In Study 1 (N = 239), participants read scenarios requiring two successive decisions of harming one person to spare multiple people (utilitarian action), or vice versa (deontological action), within the same narrative. Second decisions were mostly found to be consistent with first decisions. Remarkably, inconsistent responding (switching) was robustly observed in about 29% of cases. Study 2 (N = 63), using one‐stage scenarios, showed that having made a previous decision in the same narrative generally decreased utilitarian responding. Potential explanations for these phenomena are discussed. The present article concludes that prior choices within the same setting significantly influence decision‐making. It also reveals the potential of gaining new insights using multiple‐stage scenarios in moral decision‐making research.
Favipiravir (SARS‐CoV‐2) degradation impurities: Identification and route of degradation mechanism in the finished solid dosage form using LC/LC–MS method
Authors: Vemuri Divya Kumar , Gundla Rambabu , Konduru Naresh , Mallavarapu Ravindra , Katari Naresh Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFavipiravir finished dosage was approved for emergency use in many countries to treat SARS‐CoV‐2 patients. A specific, accurate, linear, robust, simple, and stability‐indicating HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of degradation impurities present in favipiravir film‐coated tablets. The separation of all impurities was achieved from the stationary phase (Inert sustain AQ‐C18, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5‐μm particle) and mobile phase. Mobile phase A contained KH2PO4 buffer (pH 2.5 ± 0.05) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 98:2 (v/v), and mobile phase B contained water and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 (v/v). The chromatographic conditions were optimized as follows: flow rate, 0.7 mL/min; UV detection, 210 nm; injection volume, 20 μL; and column temperature, 33°C. The proposed method was validated per the current International Conference on Harmonization Q2 (R1) guidelines. The recovery study and linearity ranges were established from the limit of quantification to 150% optimal concentrations. The method validation results were found to be between 98.6 and 106.2% for recovery and r2 = 0.9995–0.9999 for linearity of all identified impurities. The method precision results were achieved below 5% of relative standard deviation. Forced degradation studies were performed in chemical and physical stress conditions. The compound was sensitive to chemical stress conditions. During the study, the analyte degraded and converted to unknown degradation impurities, and its molecular mass was found using the LC–MS technique and established degradation pathways supported by reaction of mechanism. The developed method was found to be suitable for routine analysis of research and development and quality control.
Aligning digitalisation and sustainable development? Evidence from the analysis of worldviews in sustainability reports
Authors: Niehoff Silke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe digitalisation of industrial production and the actual positive and negative consequences for sustainable development are not yet sufficiently understood. This study describes and evaluates the linkages between corporate digitalisation and sustainability management based on qualitative data analysis of sustainability reports of DAX 30 companies and applying the concept of sustainability worldviews. The results show a predominate worldview of weak or business‐centred sustainability on digitalisation, which could potentially pose a threat to sustainable development. In particular, the focus on customer demands without stakeholder involvement and the worldview of digitalisation as a way of doing ‘business as‐usual’ but in a more effective way reproduces unsustainable economic patterns. A holistic sustainable approach on digitalisation should also include possible negative impacts like increased resource consumption which is not the case yet in the studied companies. Different types of ‘sustainability worldviews on digitalisation’ can be distinguished. While ‘Pioneer’ companies can inform policy‐making, the other types of ‘Intermediates’, ‘Indecisive’ and ‘Laggards’ could be addressed by information exchange, support and regulation to promote a more sustainable worldview on corporate digitalisation. The ‘Unsustainable’ digitalisation type would be the most difficult to address with soft policy instruments and requires a more regulated approach.
Hypoxia and reperfusion injury are not associated with subdural haemorrhages in young children: A retrospective study of drowning victims, with and without return of spontaneous circulation
Authors: Lopez Nicholas , Quan Linda , Feldman Kenneth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite lack of an evidence basis, the hypothesis that hypoxia causes subdural haemorrhage (SDH) continues to be raised. Recently, the hypothesis included reperfusion after cardiac arrest as a cause of SDH. To determine the incidence of SDH in children under four years old following severe hypoxia and subsequent reperfusion, fatal drownings in children under four years old who were autopsied between 1974 through 1995 in the Western Washington Drowning Database were reviewed. A total of 88 drowning deaths were identified. Their median age was 2.0 years; 11 per cent (10/88) were under one year old. Fifty‐three per cent (47/88) died in the field and 47 per cent (41/88) had temporary return of spontaneous circulation. SDH was identified in none of the children. Intracranial haemorrhage was identified in two children: subarachnoid haemorrhage was found in a neonate who drowned right after birth; the second was an epidural bleed directly below a surgical burr hole. This study provides additional evidence that SDH is not caused by severe hypoxia and reperfusion events.
One‐Pot Synthesis and in Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Arylselanyl Hydrazides as Potential Antituberculosis Agents
Authors: Borges Elton L. , Goulart Helen A. , Perin Gelson , Schneider Paulo H. , Rieder Guilherme S. , Nogara Pablo A. , da Rocha João B. T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study reports a simple two‐step method for the synthesis of arylselanyl hydrazide derivatives using hypophosphorous acid and polyethylene glycol (H3PO2/PEG‐400) as an alternative reducing system and hydrazine hydrate (NH2NH2⋅xH2O/50–60 %). This single‐vessel procedure was employed with methyl acrylate 2a and methyl bromoacetate 2b using diaryl diselenides to generate the nucleophile species to produce, respectively, 3‐(arylselanyl)propane‐hydrazides 4a–e and 2‐(arylselanyl)acetohydrazides 5a–e with good yields by accelerating the reduction of −Se−Se− bond, when compared to available methods. The synthesized molecules are structurally similar to the isoniazid (INH). Therefore, we perform in silico molecular docking studies, using the lactoperoxidase enzyme, in order to verify whether the INH Se derivatives could interact in a similar way to INH at the active site of the mammalian enzyme. The in silico results indicated a similar type of interaction of the arylselanyl hydrazide derivatives with that of INH. In view of the similar in silico interaction of the selenium derivatives of INH, the arylselanyl hydrazide derivatives reported here should be tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.
In Vivo Efficacy, Mechanistic Study and Synergistic Interaction of Precocene II with Norfloxacin against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Agarwal Karishma , Sinha Sneha , Parmanand  , Rani Mina Pooja , Verma Surendra Chandra , Swaroop Verma Ram , Tandon Sudeep , Pal Anirban , Pandurang Darokar Mahendra , Gupta Atul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAgeratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) possesses wound healing, antimicrobial, and anti‐inflammatory activities. Traditionally, this plant is used in skincare. The essential oil (EO) of A. conyzoides aerial parts contains the chromenes precocene I (1) and precocene II (2) as major constituents. This study evaluated precocene II (2) for its in vivo efficacy, mechanistic analysis, and synergistic interaction with norfloxacin against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The study showed that 2 interacted synergistically (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index, FICI≤0.5) with norfloxacin and oxacillin and reduced their MIC values significantly. These observations were further validated using the mice model and showed a significant reduction in bacterial load at much lower doses of 2 and norfloxacin without toxicity at 200 mg/kg body weight. Mechanistic studies revealed that 2 regulates bacterial resistance against clinical isolates of S. aureus through membrane disturbance in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Further, precocene II (2) damaged the membrane of the bacteria, as observed from the increased membrane depolarization and uptake of propidium iodide. It also displayed high selectivity towards S. aureus over mammalian cell lines. The in vitro results highlighted the synergistic activity of 2 through the cell membrane damage without any detrimental effect on mammalian cells. In vivo results showed that 2 in combination with norfloxacin significantly reduced bacterial load at much lower concentrations through synergistic interaction without apparent toxicity.
Anti‐Tyrosinase Compounds from the Deep‐Sea‐Derived ActinomyceteGeorgeniasp. 40DY180
Authors: Chen Jianwei , Wang Siqi , Xu Yiming , Zhang Huawei , Wang Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the aim of finding new marine‐derived skincare promoters, an assay‐guided approach was employed to discover tyrosinase‐modulating compounds from marine actinomycete. Here we describe a new 2,5‐piperazinedione, named georgenione A (1), together with two previously described compounds, 5‐(4’‐hydroxybenzyl)hydantoin (2) and cyclo(Trp‐Gly) (3), produced by actinomyceteGeorgeniasp. 40DY180, isolated from deep‐sea sediments collected in the Pacific Ocean. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrometric data. 5‐(4’‐hydroxybenzyl)hydantoin (2) displayedin vitropotent anti‐tyrosinase activity with IC50value of 36 μM, comparable to the commercially used positive control kojic acid (IC50=46 μM) and arbutin (IC50=100 μM). Compounds1–3were firstly reported from marine actinomyceteGeorgeniasp.
Artemisinin and l‐carnitine combination therapy alters the erythrocytes redox status
Authors: Basaki Mehdi , Hashemvand Akbar , Tayefi‐Nasrabadi Hossein , Panahi Yousef , Dolatyarieslami Mahdi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHematopoiesis is a sensitive target of artemisinin (ART) and its derivatives, and hemolysis is one of their commonly reported side effects. l‐carnitine (LC), an amino acid derivative involved in lipid metabolism, is beneficial for hematological parameters. Sixty adult laboratory mice were randomly divided into six groups. Group I (control) received saline and corn oil; groups II and III received therapeutic (50 mg/kg) and toxic (250 mg/kg) doses of ART, respectively; groups IV and V received 370 mg/kg LC along with the 50 and 250 mg/kg ART, respectively; and group VI received 370 mg/kg LC. Drugs were administered orally for 7 consecutive days. The erythrocyte glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX) activity, and the reduced glutathione (GSH) level were assessed by colorimetric methods. ART reduced the G6PD activity both at therapeutic and toxic doses. The therapeutic dose of ART reduced the CAT activity and the GSH level, nonsignificantly. The toxic dose of ART reduced the CAT activity and increased the POX activity. LC reduced the G6PD, CAT, and POX activities and increased GSH level. The therapeutic dose of ART and LC showed synergy in reducing the G6PD activity. LC and ART combination reduced POX activity and increased GSH level without any significant effect on the CAT activity. Inhibition of G6PD may be a potentially new mechanism of ART action. Coadministration of LC with ART or following treatment with ART may have protective effects on erythrocytes.
Sporadic adult‐onset brainstem hyperkalemic periodic paralysis masquerading as recurrent transient ischemic attacks
Authors: Liang Kathryn M.A. , Liang Bertrand C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe report a case of adult‐onset, sporadic, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis with primary brainstem musculature symptoms masquerading as recurrent transient ischemic attacks. Unilateral brainstem weakness could be induced with rapid eye blinking, which was followed by lower extremity weakness and cramping. Treatment with acetazolamide and albuterol ameliorated the patient's attacks.