bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-Dependent Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Circummaxillary Sutures Maturation in Normal Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: Early Childhood Through Adolescence
Authors: Jahanbin Arezoo , Eslami Neda , Chamani Alireza , Zarch Hosein Hoseini , Shirazi Shirindokht , Khaniki Saeedeh Hajebi 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Initiation time of dentofacial orthopedics is as important as the choice of treatment protocol. Morphology and degree of fusion of circummaxillary sutures differ in various populations; hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the exact age of ossification of the most important maxillary suture using cone-beam computed tomography to find the appropriate age to start orthopedic treatment.

Methods and Materials:
This cross-sectional retrospective study was performed on 517 cone-beam computed tomography images of patients aged 6 to 18 years old. Patients with obvious pathology or fractures were excluded from the study. Two independent observers scored the radiographs. The ossification stage of the zygomatico-maxillary suture (ZMS) was classified into 5 stages and each suture was classified according to age and sex of the patients. Kendall Taub, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U test, and Bayesian analysis were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at P value < 0.05.

Results:
In this study, 517 samples consisting of 260 females (50.3%) and 257 males (49.7%) with a mean age of 12.03 ± 3.74 years old were examined. A significant difference did not exist between the 2 sexes regarding the stages of ZMS ossification except for in stage E. The ZMS transitional stage from B to C was found to occur at the age of 11.8 in boys and 12.6 in girls.

Conclusions:
According to the transitional age of ZMS maturation from stage B to C, it seems that orthopedic treatments of the maxilla are not much effective after the age of 12. Therefore, the authors should start orthopedic treatment of the maxilla before the age of 12 in both sexes.
C allele of rs479200 of the host EGLN1 gene - a risk factor for severe COVID-19 (pilot study)
Authors: Harit Renuka , De Sajal , Singh Piyoosh Kumar , Kashyap Deepika , Kumar Manish , Sahu Dibakar , Yadav Chander Prakash , Mohan Mradul , Singh Vineeta , Tomar Ram Singh , Pandey Kailash C , Vashisht Kapil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) symptoms can range from asymptomatic, moderate to severe manifestations that result in an overall global case fatality rate of 2-7 %. While each variant has had it challenges, and some variants are more severe than others, risk factors of severe COVID-19 are still under investigation. In this context, the host genetic predisposition is also a crucial factor to investigate. In the present study, we investigated host genotypes of the SNP rs479200 of the host EGLN1 gene, previously implicated in high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), some of whose symptoms such as hypoxia profoundly overlap with severe COVID-19.MethodsAfter informed consent, 158 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients (March 2020 to June 2021) were enrolled in the study. Based on their clinical manifestations, disease severity was categorized by the clinical team. Blood samples were drawn and DNA was extracted from the clot to infer different genotypes of the SNP rs479200 of the host EGLN1 gene. PCR-RFLP analysis of the SNP rs479200 (C > T) was performed with an amplicon size of 367 bp. Various genotypes (TT, TC and CC) were assigned based on the presence/absence of a restriction site (T/GTACA) for restriction enzyme BsrGI. Allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) and multinomial logistic regression were performed using statistical tool SPSS version 23 (IBM).FindingsWe observed that the severe COVID-19 category was composed of comparatively younger patients with mean age (34.9±15.6), compared to asymptomatic and moderate categories whose mean age was 49.7±17.9 and 54.3±15.7, respectively. Preponderance of males and high heterozygosity (TC) was observed across the clinical categories. Notably, the frequency of C allele (0.664) was 2-fold higher than the T allele (0.336) in severe COVID-19 patients, whereas the allele frequencies were similar in asymptomatic and moderate category of COVID-19 patients. Multinomial logistic regression showed an association of genotypes with increasing clinical severity; odds ratio (adjusted OR-11.414 (2.564-50.812)) and (unadjusted OR-6.214 (1.84-20.99)) for the genotype CC in severe category of COVID-19. Interestingly, the TC genotype was also found to be positively associated with severe outcome (unadjusted OR-5.816 (1.489-22.709)), indicating association of C allele in imparting the risk of severe outcome.InterpretationThe study provides strong evidence that the presence of C allele of SNP (rs479200) of the EGLN1 gene associates with severity in COVID-19 patients. Thus, the presence of C allele may be a risk factor for COVID-19 severity. This study opens new avenues towards risk assessment that include EGLN1 (rs479200) genotype testing and identifying patients with C allele who might be prioritized for critical care.
Plasma p-tau181/Aβ1-42ratio predicts Aβ-PET status and correlates with CSF-p-tau181/Aβ1-42and future cognitive decline
Authors: Fowler Christopher , Stoops Erik , Rainey-Smith Stephanie , Vanmechelen Eugeen , Vanbrabant Jeroen , Dewit Nele , Mauroo Kimberley , Maruff Paul , Rowe Christopher C. , Fripp Jurgen , Li Qiao-Xin , Bourgeat Pierrick , Collins Steven J. , Martins Ralph N. , Masters Colin L. , Doecke James D. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Alzheimer’s disease, plasma Aβ1-42and p-tau predict high amyloid status from Aβ-PET, however the extent to which combination of both plasma assays predict remains unknown.MethodsPrototype Simoa assays were used to measure plasma samples from cognitively normal (CN) and symptomatic adults in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study.ResultsThe p-tau181/Aβ1-42ratio showed the best prediction of Aβ-PET across all participants (AUC=0.905, 95%CI:0.86-0.95) and in CN (AUC=0.873; 0.80–0.94), and symptomatic (AUC=0.908; 0.82–1.00) adults. Plasma p-tau181/Aβ1-42ratio correlated with CSF-p-tau181 (Elecsys®, Spearman’s ρ=0.74, P<0.0001) and predicted abnormal CSF Aβ (AUC=0.816, 0.74-0.89). The p-tau181/Aβ1-42ratio also predicted future rates of cognitive decline assessed by AIBL PACC or CDR-SOB (P<0.0001).DiscussionPlasma p-tau181/Aβ1-42ratio predicted both Aβ-PET status and cognitive decline, demonstrating potential as both a diagnostic aid and as a screening and prognostic assay for preclinical Alzheimer’s disease trials.
Planemo: a command-line toolkit for developing, deploying, and executing scientific data analyses
Authors: Bray Simon , Bernt Matthias , Soranzo Nicola , van den Beek Marius , Batut Bérénice , Rasche Helena , Čech Martin , Cock Peter , Nekrutenko Anton , Grüning Björn , Chilton John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere are thousands of well-maintained high-quality open-source software utilities for all aspects of scientific data analysis. For over a decade, the Galaxy Project has been providing computational infrastructure and a unified user interface for these tools to make them accessible to a wide range of researchers. In order to streamline the process of integrating tools and constructing workflows as much as possible, we have developed Planemo, a software development kit for tool and workflow developers and Galaxy power users. Here we outline Planemo’s implementation and describe its broad range of functionality for designing, testing and executing Galaxy tools, workflows and training material. In addition, we discuss the philosophy underlying Galaxy tool and workflow development, and how Planemo encourages the use of development best practices, such as test-driven development, by its users, including those who are not professional software developers. Planemo is a mature project widely used within the Galaxy community which has been downloaded over 80,000 times.
Connectivity in Large-Scale Resting State Brain Networks is Related to Motor Learning: a High-Density EEG Study
Authors: Titone Simon , Samogin Jessica , Peigneux Philippe , Swinnen Stephan , Mantini Dante , Albouy Genevieve 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious research has shown that resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between different brain regions (seeds) is related to motor learning and motor memory consolidation. Using high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) we addressed this question from a brain network perspective. Specifically, we examined frequency-dependent functional connectivity in resting-state networks from twenty-nine young healthy participants before and after they were trained on a motor sequence learning task. Consolidation was assessed with an overnight retest on the motor task. We showed training-related decreases in gamma band connectivity within the motor network, and between the motor and functionally distinct resting-state networks including the attentional network. Brain-behavior correlation analyses revealed that baseline beta, delta and theta rsFC was related to subsequent motor learning and memory consolidation such that lower connectivity within the motor network and between the motor and several distinct resting-state networks was correlated with better learning and overnight consolidation. Last, training-related increases in beta-band connectivity between the motor and the visual networks were related to greater consolidation. Altogether our results indicate that connectivity in large-scale resting-state brain networks is related to – and modulated by – motor learning and memory consolidation processes. These finding corroborate previous seed-based connectivity research and provide evidence that frequency-dependent functional connectivity in resting state networks is critically linked to motor learning and memory consolidation.
Loss of Stathmin-2, a hallmark of TDP-43-associated ALS, causes motor neuropathy
Authors: Krus Kelsey L. , Strickland Amy , Yamada Yurie , Devault Laura , Schmidt Robert E. , Bloom A. Joseph , Milbrandt Jeffrey , DiAntonio Aaron 
Published: March 2022

SummaryTDP-43 mediates proper Stathmin-2 (STMN2) mRNA splicing, and STMN2 protein is reduced in the spinal cord of most ALS patients. To test the hypothesis that STMN2 loss contributes to ALS pathogenesis, we generated constitutive and conditional STMN2 knockout mice. Constitutive STMN2 loss results in early-onset sensory and motor neuropathy featuring impaired motor behavior and dramatic distal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation of fast-fatigable motor units, which are selectively vulnerable in ALS, without axon or motoneuron degeneration. Selective excision of STMN2 in motoneurons leads to similar NMJ pathology. STMN2 KO heterozygous mice, which better model the partial loss of STMN2 protein found in ALS patients, display a slowly progressive, motor-selective neuropathy with functional deficits and NMJ denervation. Thus, our findings strongly support the hypothesis that STMN2 reduction due to TDP-43 pathology contributes to ALS pathogenesis.
Employer Requirements and COVID-19 Vaccination and Attitudes among Healthcare Personnel in the U.S.: Findings from National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module, August – September 2021
Authors: Lee James T. , Hu S. Sean , Zhou Tianyi , Bonner Kim , Kriss Jennifer L. , Wilhelm Elisabeth , Carter Rosalind J. , Holmes Carissa , de Perio Marie A. , Lu Peng-jun , Nguyen Kimberly H. , Brewer Noel T. , Singleton James A. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionEmployer vaccination requirements have been used to increase vaccination uptake among healthcare personnel (HCP). In summer 2021, HCP were the group most likely to have employer requirements for COVID-19 vaccinations as healthcare facilities led the implementation of such requirements. This study examined the association between employer requirements and HCP’s COVID-19 vaccination status and attitudes about the vaccine.MethodsParticipants were a national representative sample of United States (US) adults who completed the National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module (NIS-ACM) during August–September 2021. Respondents were asked about COVID-19 vaccination and intent, requirements for vaccination, place of work, attitudes surrounding vaccinations, and sociodemographic variables. This analysis focused on HCP respondents. We first calculated the weighted proportion reporting COVID-19 vaccination for HCP by sociodemographic variables. Then we computed unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios for vaccination coverage and key indicators on vaccine attitudes, comparing HCP based on individual self-report of vaccination requirements.ResultsOf 12,875 HCP respondents, 41.5% reported COVID-19 vaccination employer requirements. Among HCP with vaccination requirements, 90.5% had been vaccinated against COVID-19, as compared to 73.3% of HCP without vaccination requirements—a pattern consistent across sociodemographic groups. Notably, the greatest differences in uptake between HCP with and without employee requirements were seen in sociodemographic subgroups with the lowest vaccination uptake, e.g., HCP aged 18–29 years, HCP with high school or less education, HCP living below poverty, and uninsured HCP. In every sociodemographic subgroup examined, vaccine uptake was more equitable among HCP with vaccination requirements than in HCP without. Finally, HCP with vaccination requirements were also more likely to express confidence in the vaccine’s safety (68.3% vs. 60.1%) and importance (89.6% vs 79.6%).ConclusionIn a large national US sample, employer requirements were associated with higher and more equitable HCP vaccination uptake across all sociodemographic groups examined. Our findings suggest that employer requirements can contribute to improving COVID-19 vaccination coverage, similar to patterns seen for other vaccines.
CDC (Cindy and David’s Conversations) Game: Advising President to Survive Pandemic
Authors: Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Yang Liexun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOngoing debates on anti-COVID19 policies have been focused on coexistencevs. zero-out strategies, which can be simplified as “always open (AO)”vs. “always closed (AC).” We postulate that, the middle ground between the two extremes, dubbed LOHC (low-risk open and high-risk closed), is likely more favorable, precluding obviously irrational HOLC (high-open-low-closed). From a meta-strategy perspective, these four policies cover the full spectrum of anti-pandemic policies. We argue that, among numerous factors influencing strategic policy-making, the competence of advisory body such as CDC chief-scientist (say, Cindy) and politics in decision-making body such as president (David), and their cooperation/communication can be critical. Here we investigate anti-pandemic policy-making by harnessing the power of evolutionary game theory in modeling competition/cooperation/communication (three critical processes underlying biological and social evolutions). Specifically, we apply the Sir Philip Sydney (SPS) game, a 4×4 signaler-responder evolutionary game with 16 strategic interactions, which was devised to investigate the reliability of communication that can modulate competition and cooperation, to capture rich idiosyncrasies surrounding today’s anti-pandemic policies. By emulating the reality of anti-pandemic policies today, the study aims to identify possible cognitive gaps and traps. The extended SPS, dubbed CDC (Cindy and David’s Conversations) game, offers a powerful cognitive model for investigating the coexistence/zero-out dichotomy and possible alternatives. The rigorous analytic solutions and extensive simulations suggest a take-home message—keep it persistently simple and rational: while apparently preferred middle-ground LOHC seems to be small-probability (∼0.05) event counter-intuitively, the AO and AC policies appears to be large-probability (∼0.41-0.53) events.LaySummaryOngoing debates on anti-COVID19 policies have been focused on coexistence-withvs. zero-out (virus) strategies, which can be simplified as “always open (AO)”vs. “always closed (AC).” We postulate that middle ground, dubbed LOHC (low-risk-open and high-risk-closed), is likely more favorable, precluding obviously irrational HOLC (high-risk-open and low-risk-closed). From a meta-strategy perspective, these four policies cover the full spectrum of anti-pandemic policies. By emulating the reality of anti-pandemic policies today, the study aims to identify possible cognitive gaps and traps by harnessing the power of evolutionary game-theoretic analysis and simulations, which suggest that (i) AO and AC seems to be “high-probability” events (∼0.41-0.53); (ii) counter-intuitively, the middle ground—LOHC—seems to be small-probability event (∼0.05), possibly due to its unduly complexity, mirroring its wide-range failures in practice.
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling drives placental aging and can provoke preterm labor
Authors: Ciampa Erin J. , Flahardy Padraich , Srinivasan Harini , Jacobs Christopher , Tsai Linus , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Parikh Samir M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost cases of preterm labor have unknown cause, and the burden of preterm birth is immense. Placental aging has been proposed to promote labor onset, but specific mechanisms remain elusive. We report findings stemming from unbiased transcriptomic analysis of mouse placenta, which revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) stabilization is a hallmark of advanced gestational timepoints, accompanied by mitochondrial dysregulation and cellular senescence; we detected similar effects in aging human placenta. In parallel in primary mouse trophoblasts and human choriocarcinoma cells, we modeled HIF-1 induction and demonstrated resultant mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HIF-1 stabilization recapitulated gene signatures observed in aged placenta. Further, conditioned media from trophoblasts following HIF-1 induction promoted contractility in immortalized uterine myocytes, suggesting a mechanism by which the aging placenta may drive the transition from uterine quiescence to contractility at the onset of labor. Finally, pharmacological induction of HIF-1 via intraperitoneal administration of dimethyloxalyl glycine (DMOG) to pregnant mice caused preterm labor. These results provide clear evidence for placental aging in normal pregnancy, and demonstrate how HIF-1 signaling in late gestation may be a causal determinant of the mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence observed within the trophoblast as well as a trigger for uterine contraction.
Mutational footprint of platinum chemotherapy in a secondary thyroid cancer
Authors: Schiantarelli Julia , Pappa Theodora , Conway Jake , Crowdis Jett , Reardon Brendan , Dietlein Felix , Huang Julian , Stanizzi Darren , Carey Evan , Bosma-Moody Alice , Imamovic Alma , Han Seunghun , Camp Sabrina , Kofman Eric , Shannon Erin , Barletta Justine A. , He Meng Xiao , Liu David , Park Jihye , Lorch Jochen H. , Van Allen Eliezer M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor with a generally excellent prognosis, a patient developed a clinically aggressive PTC eleven years after receiving platinum chemotherapy for ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Germline and somatic analyses of multi-temporal and multi-regional molecular profiles indicated that ovarian and thyroid tumors did not share common genetic alterations. PTC tumors had driver events associated with aggressive PTC behavior, an RBPMS-NTRK3 fusion and a TERT promoter mutation. Spatial and temporal genomic heterogeneity analysis indicated a close link between anatomical locations and molecular patterns of PTC. Mutational signature analyses demonstrated a molecular footprint of platinum exposure, and that aggressive molecular drivers of PTC were linked to prior platinum-associated mutagenesis. This case provides a direct association between platinum chemotherapy exposure and secondary solid tumor evolution, in specific aggressive thyroid carcinoma, and suggests that uniform clinical assessments for secondary PTC after platinum chemotherapy may warrant further evaluation.
First assessment of Iranian pomegranate germplasm using targeted metabolites and morphological traits to develop the core collection and modeling of the current and future spatial distribution under climate change conditions
Authors: Farsi Maryam , Kalantar Mansoor , Zeinalabedini Mehrshad , Vazifeshenas Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPomegranate has been considered a medicinal plant due to its rich nutrients and bioactive compounds. Since environmental conditions affect the amount and composition of metabolites, selecting suitable locations for cultivation would be vital to achieve optimal production. In this study, the diversity of targeted metabolites and morphological traits among 152 Iranian pomegranate genotypes was evaluated to establish a core collection. The multivariate analyses were conducted including principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis. In addition, the current and future geographical distribution of pomegranate in Iran was predicted to identify suitable locations using the MaxEnt model. The results showed high diversity in the studied morphological and metabolic traits. The PCA results indicated that FFS, NFT, JA, and AA are the most important traits in discriminating the studied genotypes. A constructed core collection using maximization strategy consisted of 20 genotypes and accounted for 13.16% of the entire collection. Shannon-Weaver diversity index of a core collection was similar or greater than the entire collection. Evaluation of the core collection using four parameters of MD, VD, CR, and VR also indicated the maintenance of the genetic diversity of the original set. According to the MaxEnt model, altitude, average temperature of coldest quarter, and isothertmality were the key factors for the distribution of pomegranate. The most suitable areas for pomegranate cultivation were also determined which were located in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. The geographic distribution of pomegranate in the future showed that the main provinces of pomegranate cultivation would be less affected by climatic conditions by the middle of the century. The results of this study provide valuable information for selection of elite genotypes to develop the breeding programs to obtain the cultivars with the highest levels of metabolic compounds for pharmaceutical purposes, as well as identification of the most suitable agro-ecological zones for orchard establishment.
Formulation of substrates with agricultural and forestry wastes for Camellia oleifera Abel seedling cultivation
Authors: Wang Nianjin , Zhou Fei , Zhang Jinping , Yao Xiaohua , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhan Lingyan , Li Jieman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractsFive compound substrates for the cultivation of Camellia oleifera Abel seedlings were obtained by substituting the peats in conventional substrate formulas with the composts of Camellia oleifera shell, pine chips, palm fiber residues, chicken manure, and sheep manure. The changes in the physical and chemical properties of the substrate after seedling cultivation were determined and the effects of these substrates on the development of Camellia oleifera seedling were analyzed. It was found that the survival rates of the one-year-old seedlings produced from stem cuttings in all groups were greater than 97.5% after 6 months cultivation. The seedlings exhibited greater seedling heights, larger ground diameters, longer root systems and larger total root volume than those obtained with conventional substrates. The compound substrate formulated with the compost of Camellia oleifera shell+ palm fiber residue+ chicken manure (A3), vermiculite and perlite (6:3:1) is the most optimal, which gives the 100% survival rate of cultivated seedlings, the greatest seedling heights, and the largest ground diameters. In particular, the ground diameters and 26.67% of the seedling heights reach the grade 1 standard for the two-year-old seedlings.