bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P09-02 Risks assessment related to physical activity and sedentary lifestyle profiles among French children and adolescents
Authors: El Ouadrhiri Youssef , Duché Pascale , Vuillemin Anne , Carillo Sandrine , Pinard Peggy , Dubuisson Carine , Margaritis Irene 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Based on Anses's report (2016)[1][1], the French Public Health Policy emphasizes on health status improvement by acting on physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Since 2016, many countries have collected results of large epidemiological studies providing new insights into the effect of physical activity- and mainly sedentary-related behaviors on health. To date, behaviors inducing the highest risks are not identified. In this context, based on the data from the most recent French Food Consumption Survey “(Inca3 2017)”[1][2], Anses aims at characterizing the overweight and obesity risks related to physical fitness regarding the levels of physical activity (PA) and sedentary (SED) daily duration of children and adolescents.

Methods
For 11–17 year-old children, the PA and SED behavior were collected using an adapted Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. Physical activity and sedentary duration were compared to the thresholds considered as safe (Anses 2016): PA &gt; 60 min/day and SED 20 min/day and SED &gt;4h30/day) were set to disaggregate the population that does not reach these benchmarks, allowing to define nine profiles regarding the associated risks identified and updated in the literature. Profiles were compared according to BMI and age using Pearson chi-square tests. All statistical analysis were performed taking into account the survey complex sampling frame design and the individual weighting.

Results
The preliminary results show nine risk-based profiles of children and adolescents (n = 1285) related to the risk thresholds that can be identified. The most at risk profiles represented almost 50% of the 11-17 years old and were associated with the highest BMI. The highest sedentary (&gt;4h30) profiles were observed in the oldest adolescents. However, among them, regarding the updated literature, those having a high physical activity level were considered as at lower risk.

Conclusion
Finally, definition of profiles based on risk thresholds, &gt;60 min/day and &gt;20 min/day for PA and allows to characterize the children and adolescents the most a risk in order to enhance the effectiveness of public health policy. The risk assessment could be further refined using accelerometer real time measurement of physical activity and sedentary behavior.
P09-05 Can physical activity make up for the self-care disability effects of too much sitting?
Authors: del Pozo-Cruz Jesus , del Pozo-Cruz Borja , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To determine whether or not, and, what extent the association between sedentary time, moderate to vogorous physical activity and self-care disability.

Methods
Sedentary time was measured with accelerometers. Self-care disability was assessed with th barthel index. A multivariate regression model was used to ascertain the effects of the interaction between sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity on the disability of participants. The Jhonson-Nyeman model was used to estimate the exact mvpa thresfold from which the effect of sedentary time on disability ceased to be significant.
Design: Cross-sectional
Participants: 122 (84 females, mean age 85 years old) older adults.

Results
We found a significant effect of sedentary time on self care disability (p &gt; 0.5). The results also indicated that mvpa moderates the relationship between self-care disability satatus and sedentary time. 51 min/day of mvpa would neglect the sedentary time effects on self care disability.

Conclusions
The negative effects of sedentary time on self care disability can be offset with 51 min/day of mvpa.
P09-07 Physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns among French adults during the COVID-19 health crisis
Authors: Manneville Florian , Muller Laurent , Omorou Abdou Yacoubou 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 health crisis and the various restrictions (lockdowns) implemented may have impacted individuals' behaviours (e.g. physical activity [PA] and sedentary behaviour [SB]) and psychological health (e.g., self-esteem or adjustment strategies to cope with stressful events). The objective of this study was to identify PA and SB patterns and to investigate their associations with socioeconomic and psychological characteristics among French adults during the COVID-19 health crisis.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of French adults were collected during the COVID19 health crisis (between March 2020 and February 2021). PA and SB were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Brief Cope questionnaire were used to measure self-esteem and coping strategies, respectively. PA and SB cross-sectional patterns were identified using latent class analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between identified patterns and adults' socioeconomic factors, self-esteem, and coping strategies.

Results
Among the 241 included adults (mean age ± standard deviation: 29.6 ± 13.1 years), three cross-sectional PA and SB patterns were identified:
Compared to the sedentary walker pattern, the walker with intense PA one was overrepresented by socially less advantaged adults, using more planning and less religion as coping strategies to stressful events, and those in the varied PA practitioner pattern used more denial as coping strategy.

Conclusions
More than half of adults were in the least healthy pattern (sedentary walker). These results suggest using PA and SB as levers to cope with stressful life events.
P09-08 24-Hour Physical Behavior Balance for Better Health for All: “The Sweet-Spot Hypothesis”
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Cillekens Bart , Ketels Margo , Hallman David , Clays Els , Maaike Huysmans , Andreas Holtermann , Coenen Pieter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
‘Sit less-move more' has been a common advice to improve health of adults. Research indicates that this advice might be health enhancing among adults with sedentary occupations but not among adults with physically active occupations such as cleaners. This may be explained by the considerable differences in 24-h physical behaviors between adults in sedentary and physically active occupations. To provide a scientific approach and encourage research on 24-h physical behaviors and health for those in physically active occupations, we recently proposed the ‘Sweet-Spot Hypothesis'. The hypothesis postulated that the ‘Sweet-Spot' of 24-h physical behaviors for better health differs between adults, depending on their occupation.

Methods
To exemplify such hypothesis, we tested the cross-sectional association between 24-hour time composition of physical behaviors measured using thigh-based accelerometry and self-rated health among adults engaged in white-collar (n = 136), manufacturing (n = 481) and cleaning (n = 130) occupations.

Results
We found that the sweet spot of 24-h physical behaviors for better health was far from ‘sit less-move more' zone among adults with physically active occupations. Specifically, among white-collar workers, 24-h physical behavior distribution associated with the best 5% of self-rated health comprised about 30% of the day spent on sedentary behavior, 45% spent actively, and 25% spent on sleep. However, among cleaners, this distribution was about 50% spent sedentary, 15% spent actively, and 35% on sleep and in manufacturing sector, this distribution was about 35% spent sedentary, 35% spent actively, and 30% spent on sleep.

Conclusion
The advice ‘sit less-move more' may not bring adults in physically active occupations toward their ‘Sweet-Spot' of 24-h physical behaviors for better health. To promote health for all and reduce social gradient, we see a great need for empirically testing the ‘Sweet-Spot Hypothesis' with high-quality data and strong study design. We hope that the proposal of testing ‘Sweet-Spot Hypothesis' will encourage discussion, debates, and empirical research to expand our collective knowledge about the healthy ‘24-h physical behavior balance' for all.
P10-04 Effects of a web-based versus a print-based physical activity intervention for community-dwelling older adults: Results of a randomized trial with a cross-over design
Authors: Pischke Claudia , Voelcker-Rehage Claudia , Ratz Tiara , Peters Manuela , Buck Christoph , Meyer Jochen , von Holdt Kai , Lippke Sonia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Despite the crucial role of regular physical activity (PA) for preventing chronic non-communicable diseases, fewer than half of older adults in Germany engage in the recommended levels.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare acceptance and effectiveness of two interventions for PA promotion among initially inactive community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and above in a nine-month randomized trial with a cross-over design.

Methods
Participants were recruited offline and randomized to (a) a print-based intervention (PRINT n = 113) and (b) a web-based intervention (WEB, n = 129). Thirty percent (n = 38) of those in group (b) received a PA tracker in addition to WEB (WEB+, (c)). All intervention groups were offered ten weekly face-to-face group sessions led by trained student assistants. Afterwards, participants could choose to stay in their group or cross over to one of the other groups. Group sessions were continued monthly for another six months. Three-dimensional accelerometers to assess PA at baseline (T0), three-months (T1) and nine-months (T2) were employed. Intervention acceptance was assessed via self-administered paper-based questionnaires. Linear mixed models were used to calculate differences in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) between time points and intervention groups.

Results
Of the initially recruited n = 242 participants, n = 91 (37.6%) were randomized to the WEB group, n = 38 (15.7%) to WEB+ and n = 113 (46.7%) to PRINT and n = 195 participants completed T1. Only n = 1 moved from WEB to PRINT and n = 15 from PRINT to WEB (WEB-WEB: n = 103, PRINT-PRINT: n = 76), when offered to cross over at T1. One-hundred and sixty participants completed T2. MVPA in min per day increased between baseline and T1, but these within-group changes in time disappeared after adjusting for covariates. MVPA decreased by 9 min/day between baseline and T2 (βtime = -9.37, 95% CI: [-18.58; -0.16]), regardless of intervention group (WEB vs. PRINT: βgroup*time = -3.76, 95% CI: [-13.33; 5.82], WEB+ vs. PRINT: βgroup*time = 1.40, 95% CI: [-11.04; 13.83]). Intervention acceptance was generally high.

Conclusions
Despite high levels of acceptance of web- and print-based interventions for PA promotion and little movement between groups at T1, when given the choice, participation was not associated with increases in PA over time.
P10-05 Evaluation of a MOOC on Heath Promotion in sports club
Authors: Tezier Benjamin , Johnson Stacey , Vuillemin Anne , Rostan Florence , Lemonnier Fabienne , Guillemin Francis , Van Hoye Aurélie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The acquisition of health promotion (HP) skills and knowledge is essential for interventions development [1,2]. Considering the increasing recognition of the potential of HP in sports clubs (SC) [3] and the number of HP interventions [4,5], the development of training to optimize their implementation is important. To this end, the MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) PROSCeSS (PROmotion de la Santé dans les Clubs de SportS) was developed. The objective of this work was to evaluate the learning process of the MOOC, its acceptability and its effectiveness on the HP knowledge and on the abilities to implement the learning.

Methods
Questionnaires were sent to participants before and after the training between November and February 2022. The RE-AIM model, measuring reach (affected audience) of the training, effectiveness (knowledge gained), adoption (motivations to participate in the course), implementation (use of learning), and maintenance (long-term use of learning) was used to structure the study. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed using SPSS 23.0 software.

Preliminary Results
Of the 2000 learners, 21% completed the pre-MOOC questionnaire and 5% completed the post-MOOC questionnaire. Among non-exclusive categories, 32% of learners were SC coaches, 26% were managers, 43% were practitioners (on average for 10 years) and 46% were HP or sport professionals. A paired sample t-test showed an 11% increase in the post-MOOC knowledge questionnaire score compared to the pre-MOOC questionnaire, as well as a 10% increase in confidence in implementing HP actions. 48% of learners were “completely satisfied” with the MOOC and 47% “quite satisfied”. The strategies of participatory approach, communication and objective were considered as the most important and feasible while the lack of time, financial and human resources were considered the main barriers to learning's implementation.

Conclusions
SC actors seem to be interested in HP and want to be trained. This MOOC appears to be an effective solution for acquiring knowledge in HP. The results provide indications for the development of strategic tools and inform on strategies recognized as effective and feasible to implement HP projects and face the problems encountered by the SC.
P10-06 Home-based videoconference vs. face to face physical training in healthy older adults
Authors: Langeard Antoine , Bigot Lucile , Maffiuletti Nicola , Moussay Sébastien , Gauthier Antoine , Quarck Gaëlle 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to prevent the age-related decline in metabolic, cardiorespiratory, and muscular function. Effective home-based physical training programs could neutralize barriers preventing older adults from being active, and administration/supervision through videoconference may be an optimal solution. The present randomized controlled trial aimed to test the non-inferiority of training program administered through videoconference against the same program administered face-to-face in healthy older adults.

Methods
Participants were randomized in a no-training control group (n = 13), a face-to-face training group (n = 15), and a videoconference training group (n = 13). The intervention groups completed the same home-based, structured, progressive and combined training program for 16 weeks, 1-hour twice a week. Pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluations included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle function measures. The non-inferiority margin was calculated by comparing the face-to-face training group to the no-training control group.

Results
Non-inferiority of videoconferencing against face-to-face training was observed for changes in body weight (p&gt;.01), fat mass (p=.015), maximal aerobic power (p=.013), maximal heart rate (p=.034), maximal oxygen consumption (p&gt;.01), knee extension strength (p=.044) and lower limb power (p=.019), but not for muscle mass (p=.067), handgrip strength (p=.171), trunk extension strength (p=.241) and knee flexion strength (p=.462).

Conclusion
A training program administered through videoconferencing was not inferior to the same program administered face-to-face for reducing body weight and fat mass, and for improving maximal aerobic power and oxygen consumption as well as lower limb power and knee extension strength in healthy elderly subjects. However, videoconferencing training was not as effective as face-to-face training for improving handgrip, trunk extension and knee flexion isometric strength, possibly because of a higher motivation related to the physical presence of the trainer in the face-to-face training group.
Against the hierarchy of knowledge: Georges Sorel, education and revolution
Authors: Brandom Eric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Georges Sorel’s ideas about education are key to making sense of his critique of the Third Republic. Cutting across the heated debates over classical as opposed to modern curricula, Sorel drew on a complex account of the nature of scientific knowledge to offer a sustained defense of education within the factory and on the picket line as a source of individual autonomy. Sorel’s refusal of the practices and modes of institutionalization of liberal education in his own time is a standing challenge for those who would defend liberal education today.
Response to Oswald et al.: ST6Gal1 in plasma is dispensable for IgG sialylation
Authors: Werner Anja , Nimmerjahn Falk 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence or absence of terminal sialic acid residues in the sugar moiety attached to the Fc-domain of IgG molecules modulates IgG activity and is associated with autoimmune or infection related inflammation. In a recent paper, Oswald and colleagues suggest that IgG sialylation may occur post IgG secretion from plasma cells, which would be a major issue for therapeutic antibodies injected into patients. In contrast, we argue that previous work rather demonstrates that IgG sialylation occurs within B cells and that the experimental system used by the authors is not suitable to address this critical question.
Museum Genomics of an Agricultural Super-Pest, the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Chrysomelidae), Provides Evidence of Adaptation from Standing Variation
Authors: Cohen Zachary P , François Olivier , Schoville Sean D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite extensive research on agricultural pests, our knowledge about their evolutionary history is often limited. A mechanistic understanding of the demographic changes and modes of adaptation remains an important goal, as it improves our understanding of organismal responses to environmental change and our ability to sustainably manage pest populations. Emerging genomic datasets now allow for characterization of demographic and adaptive processes, but face limits when they are drawn from contemporary samples, especially in the context of strong demographic change, repeated selection, or adaptation involving modest shifts in allele frequency at many loci. Temporal sampling, however, can improve our ability to reconstruct evolutionary events. Here, we leverage museum samples to examine whether population genomic diversity and structure has changed over time, and to identify genomic regions that appear to be under selection. We focus on the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say 1824; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), which is widely regarded as a super-pest due to its rapid, and repeated, evolution to insecticides. By combining whole genome resequencing data from 78 museum samples with modern sampling, we demonstrate that CPB expanded rapidly in the 19th century, leading to a reduction in diversity and limited genetic structure from the Midwest to Northeast United States. Temporal genome scans provide extensive evidence for selection acting in resistant field populations in Wisconsin and New York, including numerous known insecticide resistance genes. We also validate these results by showing that known selective sweeps in modern populations are identified by our genome scan. Perhaps most importantly, temporal analysis indicates selection on standing genetic variation, as we find evidence for parallel evolution in the two geographical regions. Parallel evolution involves a range of phenotypic traits not previously identified as under selection in CPB, such as reproductive and morphological functional pathways that might be important for adaptation to agricultural habitats.
Design, development and multi-disciplinary investigations of aerodynamic, structural, energy and exergy factors on 1 kW horizontal-axis wind turbine
Authors: Madasamy Senthil Kumar , Raja Vijayanandh , AL-bonsrulah Hussein A Z , Al-Bahrani Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContinually increasing demand for energy, coupled with the need for clean environment, has made it mandatory to fall back on efficient conversion of energy from renewable sources. Wind energy is one of the most viable sources of renewable energy. A wind turbine blade, shaped as an airfoil with a streamlined cross-section, can be graded for its aerodynamic efficiency in terms of lift-to-drag ratio. Optimal design and analysis of blades with different airfoil sections is critical for efficient energy extraction. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to predict the aerodynamic efficiency of wind turbine blades. To set the basics right, a detailed review of aerodynamics of the 2D airfoils are undertaken: (a) NACA4412, (b) NACA23012 and (c) NACA63215 airfoils. Additionally, a numerical study on structural analysis for a 1-kW horizontal-axis wind turbine blade using finite element analysis (FEA) to assess the initial failure of NACA 63215 airfoil internal structure after optimization was conducted. In the internal structure of the blade, a single spar was included to make the structure more efficient in bending. Structural optimization resulted in bringing the weight down from an initial weight of 5.6 kg to a final design weight of 1.1 kg, i.e. a net saving of more than 4 kg. In addition stress levels in the model also improved with the failure indices turning toward unity. Optimized structural thicknesses in terms of glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) layers were found within safe limits. From FEA study and based on the von Mises stress distribution on the pressure and suction sides of wind turbine blade from root to tip, the initial failure was found to occur in the overlap edge of root region when the equivalent stress reached to the ultimate stress of the tip region. It was found that a well-designed GFRPs wind turbine blade is very efficient compared with metals/alloys.
The Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Pharmacologic Intervention Outcomes for Adults With Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Russell Samantha E , Wrobel Anna L , Skvarc David , Kavanagh Bianca E , Ashton Melanie M , Dean Olivia M , Berk Michael , Turner Alyna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-occurring in people with bipolar disorder (BD) is high. People with BD and PTSD may experience different outcomes and quality of life after pharmacologic treatment than those with BD alone. This review systematically explores the impact of PTSD on pharmacologic treatment outcomes for adults with BD.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search up to November 25, 2021, using MEDLINE Complete, Embase, American Psychological Association PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify randomized and nonrandomized studies of pharmacologic interventions for adults with BD that assessed for comorbid PTSD. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess the risk of bias.

Results
The search identified 5093 articles, and we reviewed 62 full-text articles. Two articles met inclusion criteria (N = 438). One article was an observational study, and the other was a randomized comparative effectiveness trial. The observational study examined lithium response rates and found higher response rates in BD alone compared with BD plus PTSD over 4 years. The randomized trial reported more severe symptoms in the BD plus PTSD group than in those with BD alone following 6 months of quetiapine treatment. There was no significant difference in the lithium treatment group at follow-up.

Conclusions
Comorbid PTSD may affect quetiapine and lithium treatment response in those with BD. Because of the high risk of bias and low quality of evidence, however, these results are preliminary. Specific studies exploring comorbid BD and PTSD are required to inform pharmacotherapy selection and guidelines appropriately. (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews ID: CRD42020182540).