bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unconstrained trade: The impact of EU cage bans on exports of poultry‐keeping equipment
Authors: Ferguson Shon M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the impact of conventional cage bans for laying hens in the EU on exports of poultry‐keeping equipment. Using detailed data on international trade in poultry‐keeping equipment combined with an event study regression approach yields several new findings. The results suggest that the cage bans were associated with an increase in intra‐EU trade, and also an increase in exports of poultry equipment from EU member states to non‐EU countries where conventional cages are still permitted. The results suggest that some banned cages were likely exported to countries outside the EU to be used in egg production.
Was the Panzhihua Large Fe‐Ti Oxide Deposit, SW China, Formed by Silicate Immiscibility?
Authors: DING Xiangli , CHEN Xuanhua , SHAO Zhaogang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Panzhihua mafic intrusion, which hosts a world‐class Fe‐Ti‐V ore deposit, is in the western Emeishan region, SW China. The formation age (∼260 Ma), and Sr and Nd isotopes indicate that the Panzhihua intrusion is part of the Emeishan large igneous province and has little crustal contamination. To assess ore genesis of the Panzhihua Fe‐Ti‐V ore deposit, two different models have been provided to explain the formation, namely silicate immiscibility and normal fractional crystallization. Silicate immiscibility occurring around 1,000°C at the late stage of basaltic magma evolution argues against the silicate immiscibility model. Apatite‐hosted melt inclusion research indicates that silicate immiscibility occurred at the late stage of Panzhihua magma evolution, which may not have offered potential to form such large ore deposits as Panzhihua. Alternatively, continuous compositional variations of the Panzhihua intrusion and calculations using thermodynamic modelling software support the hypothesis that the Panzhihua deposit was formed by normal fractional crystallization. Reciprocal trace element patterns of the Panzhihua intrusion and nearby felsic rocks also coincide with the fractional crystallization model. Normal fractional crystallization of high‐Ti basaltic magma played a key role in the formation of the Panzhihua Fe‐Ti‐V ore deposit.
Factors associated with cytomegalovirus infection in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis: A narrative review
Authors: Leong Ashley , Fong Warren 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPatients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis (AAV) are vulnerable to opportunistic infections, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. This narrative review aims to identify factors associated with CMV infection in patients with AAV. The literature review was conducted on Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The start date of the literature search was unrestricted and the end date was February 2022. CMV infection was defined as (a) CMV pp65 antigenemia or positive CMV DNA viral load by polymerase chain reaction or CMV detection on histological specimens, with associated signs and symptoms compatible with CMV infection; (b) presence of CMV clinical syndrome (defined as presence of compatible symptoms and signs and documentation of CMV by biopsy by virus isolation, rapid culture, immunohistochemistry, or DNA in biopsy material as defined by the CMV Drug Development Forum); and (c) CMV infection as coded by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision with at least one prescription for CMV treatment. We identified 4505 articles, of which three (2327 patients with AAV) were included. All studies were retrospective and only one of the three studies included only patients with AAV. Low or decreasing lymphocyte counts and higher prednisolone usage were associated with CMV infection in patients with AAV. Patients with AAV with lymphopenia and on high doses of prednisolone should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of CMV infection, and might benefit from CMV prophylaxis. Prospective studies are urgently needed to better identify causes of CMV infections in patients with AAV.
The morphological postnatal development of the testis of the Nubian bucks
Authors: Shaaeldin Sara A. , Tingari Muddathir D. , Kumar Patricia M. , Makawi Sharaf Eldin A. , Yahya Imadeldin I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study was designed to monitor the morphological development of the reproductive tract of the Nubian bucks in relation to puberty. Thirty‐two Nubain male kids were used in the study. The animals were slaughtered at intervals of 2 weeks starting from 1 day old up to 24 weeks of age. Tissue samples were obtained from the testes and processed for ultrastructural studies. The boundary tissue of the newly forming seminiferous tubule adhered closely to the basal lamina. It consisted of a single continuous layer of myoid cells, the outer surface of which was covered by scattered fibroblasts. The ultrastructural study of the boundary of the seminiferous tubule revealed that it consisted of three layers; inner fibrous, middle and outer cellular. The seminiferous tubules at week one were lined by two layers of epithelia; spermatogonia and Sertoli cells in the basal layer, and primary spermatocytes in the second layer. A gradual increase in the diameter of the tubules and epithelial height continued to increase with age. Furthermore, spermatocytes number showed an increase with age. In conclusion, based on the appearance of spermatozoa in the lumina of the seminiferous tubules, puberty age was achieved between weeks 18 and 20.
Unrestricted drinking before surgery: an iterative quality improvement study
Authors: Rüggeberg A. , Nickel E. A. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryAverage pre‐operative fasting times for clear liquids are many times longer than those specified in national and international guidelines. We sought to decrease fasting times by applying a quality management tool aimed at continuous improvement. Through the application of iterative ‘plan‐do‐study‐act’ cycles, tools to reduce pre‐operative liquid fasting times were developed and applied, the effects measured, analysed and interpreted and the conclusions used to inform the next plan‐do‐study‐act cycle. The first step was the introduction of unrestricted drinking until the patient was called to the operating theatre, with training of anaesthetic staff, adaption of local standard procedures and verbal information for patients. This did not result in short liquid fasting times, median (IQR [range]) 12.0 (9.5–14.0 [0.8–23.5]) h. In the second cycle, fasting cards were introduced as a subliminal written training tool for staff, patients and their relatives. This enabled short liquid fasting times to be achieved for outpatients (2.6 (0.8–5.1 [0.3–16]) h) and pre‐admission patients (3.4 (1.8–9.4 [0.2–17.2]) h), but not for inpatients (6.5 (2.0–11.7 [0.2–16.2]) h). The third cycle included lectures for ward staff, putting up information posters throughout the hospital, revision of all written materials and provision of screencasts on the homepage for staff and patients. This decreased median liquid fasting time to 2.1 (1.2–3.8 [0.4–18.8]; p < 0.0001) h, with inpatients having the shortest fasting time of 1.4 (1.1–3.8 [0.4–18.8]) h. Repeated quality improvement cycles, adapted to local context, can support sustained reductions in pre‐operative liquid fasting times.
von Willebrand factor activity levels are influenced by driver mutation status in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia patients with well‐controlled platelet counts
Authors: Iizuka Kazuhide , Morishita Soji , Nishizaki Yuji , Iizuka Yoshikazu , Iriyama Noriyoshi , Ochiai Tomonori , Yanagisawa Naotake , Yasuda Hajime , Ando Jun , Gotoh Akihiko , Takei Masami , Hatta Yoshihiro , Nakamura Hideki , Nakayama Tomohiro , Komatsu Norio 
Published: September 2022

Abstractvon Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor (vWF activity) and platelet count (PLT) are negatively correlated in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). However, vWF activity does not always normalize upon controlling PLT in those patients. To address this issue, we investigated the correlation between vWF activity and PLT in PV and ET patients. The negative correlation between vWF activity and PLT was stronger in calreticulin mutation‐positive (CALR+) ET than in Janus kinase 2 mutation‐positive (JAK2+) PV or ET groups. When PLT were maintained at a certain level (<600 × 109/L), low vWF activity (<50%) was more frequently observed in JAK2+ PV patients than in JAK2+ ET (p = .013) or CALR+ ET (p = .013) groups, and in PV and ET patients with ≥50% JAK2+ allele burden than in those with allele burden <50% (p = .015). High vWF activity (>150%) was more frequent in the JAK2+ ET group than in the CALR+ ET group (p = .005), and often associated with vasomotor symptoms (p = .002). This study suggests that some patients with JAK2+ PV or ET have vWF activity outside the standard range even with well‐controlled PLT, and that the measurement of vWF activity is useful for assessing the risk of thrombosis and hemorrhage.
Microbial respiratory thermal adaptation is regulated by r‐/K‐strategy dominance
Authors: Chen Hongyang , Jing Qingfang , Liu Xiang , Zhou Xuhui , Fang Changming , Li Bo , Zhou Shurong , Nie Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrobial thermal adaptation is considered to be one of the core mechanisms affecting soil carbon cycling. However, the role of microbial community composition in controlling thermal adaptation is poorly understood. Using microbial communities from the rhizosphere and bulk soils in an 8‐year warming experiment as a model, we experimentally demonstrate that respiratory thermal adaptation was much stronger in microbialK‐strategist‐dominated bulk soils than in microbialr‐strategist‐dominated rhizosphere soils. Soil carbon availability exerted strong selection on the dominant ecological strategy of the microbial community, indirectly influencing respiratory thermal adaptation. Our findings shed light on the linchpin of the dominant ecological strategy exhibited by the microbial community in determining its respiratory thermal adaptation, with implications for understanding soil carbon losses under warming.
SERPINB8 and furin regulate ITGAX expression and affect the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells
Authors: Ni Li , Li Pin , Li Mingming , Huang Shuhong , Dang Ningning 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the past 10 years, the systemic treatment of advanced melanoma has undergone tremendous changes through the development of targeted therapy. However, there is still a long way to go. This study aims to characterize the function and interaction of ITGAX, SERPINB8 and furin in BRAF V600E mutant melanoma. Differentially expressed genes related to BRAF V600E mutation and BRAFi treatment were obtained by analysing GSE141484 and GSE22838. two kinds of BRAFi (Vemurafenib, 10 μM; Dabrafenib, 1 μM) were used to treat A375 and 1205Lu cells, respectively. The expression of ITGAX, SERPINB8 and Furin in A375 and 1205Lu cells was down‐regulated by specific siRNAs, and cell proliferation, clone formation and invasion were detected by CCK‐8, colony formation and transwell assays. The physical binding of furin and SERPINB8 was detected by immunoprecipitation. BRAFi treatment down‐regulated the ITGAX and SERPINB8 expression and did not change furin expression. Knockdown of ITGAX and SERPINB8 both inhibited the proliferation and invasion of A375 and 1205Lu cells. Knocking down SERPINB8 down‐regulated the expression of ITGAX. Furin knockdown and inhibitors all up‐regulated the protein level of ITGAX. SERPINB8 can physically bind to furin. In summary, SERPINB8 and furin regulate the expression of ITGAX in melanoma cells, and ITGAX significantly promotes the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells.
Spatial differences in estuarine utilization by seasonally resident species in Mid‐Atlantic Bight, USA
Authors: Schonfeld Adena J. , Gartland James , Latour Robert J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClimate‐driven distributional shifts have been well‐documented for fisheries resources along the East Coast of the United States, yet little attention has been given to adjacent estuarine systems. The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the continental United States and serves as important habitat for a diversity of fishes and invertebrates, many of which are seasonal residents. Survey data indicate that relative abundance of finfish in Chesapeake Bay has diminished substantially, while coastwide stock status has remained unchanged. In response to warming, seasonal estuarine residents may remain in coastal waters or inhabit a northerly estuary, but the extent to which changing environmental conditions may drive exchange between the coastal ocean and estuarine systems remains unresolved. This study analyzed data collected from 2008 to 2019 by three fisheries‐independent trawl surveys to explore temporal patterns and associated environmental drivers of the estuarine–coastal ocean exchange in the Mid‐Atlantic for eight economically and ecologically important species. Relative habitat utilization of Chesapeake Bay declined for most species, while utilization patterns for Delaware Bay were largely constant or increasing over time. Broad‐scale, multispecies analyses of relative habitat utilization time series revealed that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was an important driver of Chesapeake Bay exchange, but that average Apr/May coastal ocean bottom temperature was significant for Delaware Bay. Collectively, the results demonstrate that several Mid‐Atlantic species have altered their estuarine habitat use over time, climate drivers associated with estuarine–coastal ocean exchange operate on different time scales, and that the impacts of warming within the Mid‐Atlantic vary spatially.
Anti‐idiotype monoclonal antibodies against emicizumab enable accurate procoagulant and anticoagulant assays, irrespective of the test base, in the presence of emicizumab
Authors: Ogiwara Kenichi , Furukawa Shoko , Shinohara Sho , Tabuchi Yuka , Arai Nobuo , Noguchi‐Sasaki Mariko , Soeda Tetsuhiro , Shima Midori , Nogami Keiji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionEmicizumab markedly shortens the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), resulting in inaccurate measurements of procoagulant and anticoagulant factor activities. We have recently reported that mixtures of two different anti‐idiotype monoclonal antibodies against emicizumab (anti‐emicizumab‐mAbs) allow measurement of factor (F)VIII activity (FVIII:C) and FVIII inhibitor in emicizumab‐containing plasmas. It is unknown whether anti‐emicizumab mAbs can work for other aPTT‐based procoagulant and anticoagulant assays.AimTo investigate whether anti‐emicizumab mAbs were measured by all of the aPTT‐based assays tested.MethodsTwo anti‐emicizumab‐mAbs (300 μg/mL each) were preincubated with emicizumab (200 μg/mL)‐spiked FVIII‐deficient plasma; we then measured FVIII:C, FIX:C, FXI:C, FXII:C, protein (P)C:C, PS:C, global PC‐FV (aPTT‐based), and prothrombin time (PT), diluted Russel's viper venom time (dRVVT), chromogenic‐based FVIII:C, FIX:C and PC:C (non‐aPTT‐based). Emicizumab (100 μg/mL)‐spiked haemophilia (H)A plasmas from patients (n = 23) were also measured.ResultsEmicizumab shortened the clotting time in all aPTT‐based assays, resulting in high levels of FVIII:C, FIX:C, FXI:C and FXII:C; low levels of PC:C and PS:C; and false‐positive results for activated PC resistance. The addition of anti‐emicizumab‐mAbs to emicizumab‐added plasma restored all factors to the initial levels without emicizumab. Chromogenic FVIII:C measurement by human FIXa/FX was affected by emicizumab, but anti‐emicizumab mAbs cancelled this effect. PT‐based assays and dRVVT, chromogenic FIX:C and PC:C assays showed no effect with emicizumab. Twenty‐three plasma samples from HA patients also showed similar patterns.ConclusionAnti‐emicizumab mAbs in vitro could cancel the effect of emicizumab, irrespective of the test base, resulting in accurate measurements of procoagulant and anticoagulant factor activity.
Are infants' preferences in the number change detection paradigm driven by sequence patterns?
Authors: Decarli Gisella , Piazza Manuela , Izard Véronique 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInter‐individual differences in infants' numerosity processing have been assessed using a change detection paradigm, where participants were presented with two concurrent streams of images, one alternating between two numerosities and the other showing one constant numerosity. While most infants look longer at the changing stream in this paradigm, the reasons underlying these preferences have remained unclear. We suggest that, besides being attracted by numerosity changes, infants perhaps also respond to the alternating pattern of the changing stream. We conducted two experiments (N = 32) with 6‐month‐old infants to assess this hypothesis. In the first experiment, infants responded to changes in numerosity even when the changing stream showed numerosities in an unpredictable random order. In the second experiment, infants did not display any preference when an alternating stream was pitted against a random stream. These findings do not provide evidence that the alternating pattern of the changing stream contributes to drive infants' preferences. Instead, around the age of 6 months, infants' responses in the numerosity change detection paradigm appear to be mainly driven by changes in numerosity, with different levels of preference reflecting inter‐individual difference in the acuity of numerosity perception.
Predators and habitat association of post‐settlement snapper (Chrysophrys auratus)
Authors: Parsons Darren , Taylor Rikki , Hughes Richard , Middleton Crispin , Gublin Yann , Levell Demi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStructured habitats play an important nursery role during the crucial early juvenile or post‐settlement stages of many fish species. Predominantly, the utility of structured habitats to juvenile fish is thought to be associated with the provisioning of food or as a refuge from predation. Although snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) in New Zealand also have a strong affinity for structured habitats during their post‐settlement phase, their predators are unknown as is the role of predation in determining habitat association. Here the authors investigated potential predators of post‐settlement snapper by remotely observing interactions of restrained post‐settlement snapper with potential predators and investigating the diet of potential predators. They also conducted tank experiments with a potential predator, both with and without the presence of structure. Restrained snapper were infrequently approached by predators, but two new nocturnal predators were identified. No snapper were observed in the diet of potential predators, although two piscivores were identified as potential candidates. No predation occurred during tank experiments, but there was a non‐significant indication that under threat of predation post‐settlement snapper may use habitat when it is present and aggregate together when it is not. The findings suggest that the pulsed nature of predation may have made it difficult to observe given the methods employed and that the threat of predation may be sufficient to drive the habitat selection of post‐settlement snapper. Investigating the significance of predation via methods that do not require direct observations may therefore be more appropriate given this context.
A petrologic and microstructural study of a compact type A calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusion from the Northwest Africa 5028 CR2 chondrite: Implications for nebular and parent‐body processes
Authors: Ramprasad Tarunika , Haenecour Pierre , Domanik Kenneth , Zega Thomas J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCompact type A calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions (CTA CAIs) are believed to have experienced partial melting that erased all information on their original nebular condensation. To investigate this question, we report new microstructural data on a CTA CAI, composed primarily of melilite, spinel, and perovskite, in the Northwest Africa 5028 CR2 chondrite. The melilite grains contain low (5–10 mole%) åkermanite contents and are not compositionally zoned. Spinel and perovskite each occur as near endmember compositions MgAl2O4 and CaTiO3 and contain minor V and Al, respectively. A continuous rim composed of melilite, spinel, and perovskite, with minor hibonite grains occur around the CAI. We extracted two regions of interest from the interior CAI and two from the rim using focused ion beam techniques for detailed analysis using transmission electron microscopy. Evidence for thermal processing occurs as a perovskite–spinel–spinel triple junction in an interior section and a spinel inclusion within perovskite in a rim section. Evidence for parent‐body alteration occurs in the form of Fe‐rich sheet silicates in the rim, and localized amstallite in the interior of the CAI. While previous work suggested that many CTA CAIs experienced thermal processing in the solar nebula, including partial melting, our data show that signatures of primary condensation can be preserved in the form of more refractory phases contained within less refractory minerals, namely melilite and perovskite grains within spinel, and hibonite grains within perovskite, respectively. The inclusion we report on here has a complex history involving gas‐phase condensation, nebular thermal processing, and parent‐body alteration.
Development and validation of COVID‐19 associated candidemia score (CAC‐Score) in ICU patients
Authors: Kayaaslan Bircan , Eser Fatma , Asilturk Dilek , Oktay Zeynep , Hasanoglu Imran , Kalem Ayşe Kaya , Dönertaş Gülen , Kaplan Betul , Ozkocak Turan Isıl , Erdem Deniz , Bektas Hesna , Guner Rahmet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe development of candidemia is a highly fatal condition in severe COVID‐19 infection.ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a candidemia prediction score in COVID‐19 patient based on the patient's clinical characteristics, and healthcare‐related factors during intensive care units (ICU) follow‐up.Patients/MethodsSevere COVID‐19 patients hospitalised in ICU in Ankara City Hospital during the one‐year period (August 15, 2020, and August 15, 2021) were included. After univariate analysis, multivariate analysis was applied using variable selection approach to investigate the effects of variables together and to create a score model for candidemia. Statistically significant factors were included in the development process of candida prediction score.ResultsOf 1305 COVID‐19 ICU patients, 139 had a candidemia episode. According to the final model, four variables, presence of central venous catheter (CVC) (OR 19.07, CI 8.12–44.8, p < .0001), multifocal colonisation (OR 2.28, CI 1.39–3.72, p 0.001), length of ICU stays ≥14 days (OR 3.62, CI 2.42–5.44, p < .0001) and corticosteroids (OR 0.51, CI 0.34–0.76, p 0.0011) were the only statistically significant independent risk factors for candidemia. Score model was demonstrated by a nomogram, and the risk for candidemia was calculated to be high in patients who scored ≥56 points by using the criteria [CVC = 51, multifocal colonisation = 14, prolonged hospitalisation = 23, no steroid use = 12 points]. The AUC of the score is 0.84 (CI 0.81–0.87).ConclusionWe developed and validated an easy‐to‐use clinical prediction score for candidemia in severe COVID‐19 infection. In COVID‐19 ICU patients, the risk of candidemia is high if one of the other risk factors is present together with CVC.