bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Medial Sural Artery Perforator Flap: A Historical Trek from Ignominious to “Workhorse”
Authors: Hallock Geoffrey G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRather than just another “review,” this is intended to be an “overview” of the entire subject of the medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap as has been presented in the reconstructive literature from its inception in 2001 until the present, with any exceptions not purposefully overlooked. Unfortunately, the pertinent anatomy of the MSAP flap is always anomalous like most other perforator flaps, and perhaps even more variable. No schematic exists to facilitate the identification of a dominant musculocutaneous perforator about which to design the flap, so some adjunctive technology may be highly valuable for this task. However, if a relatively thin free flap is desirable for a small or moderate sized defect that requires a long pedicle with larger caliber vessels, the MSAP flap deserves consideration. Indeed, for many, this has replaced the radial forearm flap such as for partial tongue reconstruction. Most consider the donor site deformity, even if only a conspicuous scar on the calf, to be a contraindication. Yet certainly if used as a local flap for the knee, popliteal fossa, or proximal leg, or as a free flap for the ipsilateral lower extremity where a significant recipient site deformity already exists, can anyone really object that this is not a legitimate indication? As with any perforator flap, advantages and disadvantages exist, which must be carefully perused before a decision to use the MSAP flap is made. Perhaps not a “workhorse” flap for general use throughout the body, the MSAP flap in general may often be a valuable alternative.
Central Auditory Processing Disorders and Reduced Motivation: Three Case Studies
Authors: Silman Shlomo , Silverman Carol A. , Emmer Michele B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe central auditory test results for three normal-hearing children who were initially diagnosed as having a central auditory processing disorder and learning disability are presented. They were referred to the authors for second-opinion consultations. Central auditory processing retesting was performed by the authors under the condition of no reinforcement and then the condition of reinforcement with the child's favorite food, hobby, or toy. For all three cases, the central auditory test scores improved markedly bilaterally under the condition of reinforcement as compared with the condition of no reinforcement. We hypothesize that the improvement was related to increased motivation associated with the reinforcement and that these children represented false-positive results on the central auditory test battery. Large-sample studies are needed to investigate the effect of reinforcement on test performance in children with reduced central auditory test scores.
Abbreviations: BFT = Binaural Fusion Test, CAPD = central auditory processing disorder, CST = Competing Sentences Test, FST = Filtered Speech Test
Self-Perceived Balance Disability/Handicap in the Presence of Bilateral Peripheral Vestibular System Impairment
Authors: Jacobson Gary P. , Calder Jaynee H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this report was to characterize the self-perceived balance disability/handicap of patients with bilateral reductions and bilateral complete losses of peripheral vestibular system function. Data from 72 patients whose electronystagmography and rotational examinations suggested normal, unilateral, or bilateral reductions in peripheral vestibular system function were used in the first investigation. Patients also completed a Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Results demonstrated significant group differences for DHI total and physical subscale scores. There were significant differences between normal and bilateral weakness groups for the total DHI score and between normal and unilateral and normal and bilateral weakness groups for the physical subscale score. In a second investigation, an item analysis of the DHI is presented for five patients with bilateral complete losses of peripheral vestibular system function. Results show that, predictably, these patients have difficulty engaging in activities requiring an intact vestibulocular reflex (e.g., physical activities such as sports, household chores). Abbreviations: BFT = Balance Function Test, DHI = Dizziness Handicap Inventory, maximum SPV = maximum slow-phase eye velocity, VOR = vestibulocular reflex
Acquiring Counseling Skills in Mid-Career: Outcomes of a Distance Education Course for Practicing Audiologists
Authors: English Kris , Rojeski Tom , Branham Kerri 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough considered an essential component of audiology service delivery, counseling skills often are not adequately addressed in graduate training programs. One of the many goals of the audiology doctorate is to address this deficit by providing formal course work in counseling for both traditional graduate students and practitioners. This study describes the outcomes of a counseling class taught via distance education to mid-career audiologists, who initially were found to provide informational or technical responses to affective patient comments (a so-called "communication mismatch"). In spite of inherent limitations in electronic instruction, students demonstrated learning outcomes comparable to those obtained from conventional classroom instruction, including an improvement in their ability to respond to the affective nature of patient comments.
Interlist Equivalency of the Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 in Quiet and Noise with Adult Hearing-Impaired Individuals
Authors: Stockley K. Blair , Green Walter B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to determine the influence of sensorineural hearing loss and broadband noise on the interlist equivalency of the Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 (NU-6). There were two groups of participants: the first group consisted of 14 adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss (mean age = 56 years; SD = 4.83); the second group consisted of 11 age-matched, normal-hearing individuals (mean age = 55 years; SD = 4.69). Each group heard the four lists of the NU-6 in quiet and in broadband noise at four signal-to-noise ratios (–10 dB, –5 dB, 0 dB, and +5 dB). The NU-6 stimuli were presented at 35-dB sensation level relative to each listener's speech reception threshold. Results indicated that, for both groups, there was a significant main effect for NU-6 list. Post hoc single degree of freedom contrasts revealed that this main effect was due to significant differences between some of the lists when presented in background noise. There were no differences between the lists in quiet. Because of the findings of differences between some of the lists in noise, the authors suggested that clinicians or researchers use caution when comparing scores obtained from two different NU-6 lists over time. That is, if scores from two lists are different, it is important for the clinician to determine whether this disparity is due to a change in word recognition ability or simply due to a difference between the lists.
Abbreviations: NU-6 = Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6, SNR = signal-to-noise ratio, SRT = speech reception threshold
Physical properties of the new intermetallic compound Pr2AgSi3
Authors: Fobasso R. Djoumessi , Sahu B. , Strydom A. M. 
Published: April 2022

We present the magnetic and physical properties of the new Pr2AgSi3 polycrystalline compound. The sample was synthesized by arc-melting method and crystallizes in the tetragonal α-ThSi2 structure with centrosymmetric space group I41/amd. The magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and electrical resistivity measurements indicate a bulk ferromagnetic ordering below the transition temperature Tc ≈ 13 K. An irreversibility behavior is observed in the temperature dependence of the dc-magnetization with the zero-field-cooled curve.
Systemic functional linguistics as a resource for teacher education and writing development
Authors: Matthiessen Christian M. I. M. , Yousefi Moslem 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article provides an illustrative and necessarily selective review of scholarship in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) since the 1960s, examining two major strands of application within the institution of education: teacher education and writing development. We explore properties of SFL that have been significant in this institutional setting, asking: “What are the properties of SFL being applied in research in teacher education and writing development?” Five foundational properties emerged from the review (i.e. language as meaning-making resource, the cline of instantiation, ontogenesis or the process of learning how to mean, the hierarchy of stratification and the spectrum of different metafunctional modes of meaning). From this basis, we explicate how SFL-based pedagogies promote language learning and literacy practices in these educational domains. The article ends by suggesting how further explorations can be undertaken to enhance understanding of the potential of this social semiotic approach and its applied contributions to solving real-world problems.
Experimental investigation on effect of water jet erosion parameters on HVOF sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings on stainless steel: a mathematical approach
Authors: Arunkumar K , Thirumalaikumarasamy D , Thirumal P 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chromium carbides are major components in turbine blades due to their high wear resistance, low friction coefficient, and corrosion resistance at high temperature, typically manufactured by thermal spraying for coating applications. For their excellent oxidation and corrosion tolerance, high-speed thermal spray cermet coatings are commonly used to reduce wear at high temperatures and in corrosive conditions. Coatings based on Cr3C2-NiCr have been deposited by means of the HVOF thermal spraying technique on an AISI 304 steel substrate. Furthermore, the erosion behavior of the substrate and coated samples was tested using a water jet erosion test. The effect of water jet parameters, including angle of impingement, water jet velocity, standoff distance, and erodent discharge, on the erosion rate was systematically investigated. Experiments were conducted on the basis of the core composite architecture and the surface response approach for the creation of multiple regression models. Through the analysis of variance, the precision of the regression models was sufficient to establish associations between input parameters and responses. Results revealed that the most prevailing factor impacting the erosion rate of the coatings, followed by water jet velocity, standoff distance, and eroding discharge, was the angle of impingement.
International Conference on Innovation and Application in Science and Technology (ICIAST 2021) December 21-23, 2021
Authors: Tripathi R. , Srivastava B. K. , Mishra R. K. , Singh P. 
Published: April 2022

We are very pleased to present the conference proceedings of ICIAST-2021. The conference has been organized in virtual mode due to worldwide COVID Protocol and safety measures by Department of Applied Sciences, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India during December, 21-23, 2021, in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
In this conference approx. 300 young researchers, engineers, scientists, academicians and industrial delegates participated from more than 20 countries of the globe on common virtual platform of zoom to share and exchange their research findings including theoretical results, novel scientific models and work in progress in the different areas of Science & Technology. During virtual conversations participants from remote areas faced sometime network issues but overall communication was good throughout the even. More than 30 international resource persons from different fields share their expertise with the young academicians and researcher with case studies and concrete examples within allowed time span. The scientific & technical program of the three days international conference have review talks, invited lectures, contributed oral presentations.
This proceeding includes papers from Physics, Mathematics and their applications. A sound understanding of the same shall help emergence of new ideas that can be helpful in building trained professionals who can serve in the knowledge-based industries. We are pleased to appreciate our dynamic reviewers who took time and effort for providing their valuable comments in time and help towards the improvement of quality of papers through rigours review process.
List of Organizing Committee, image, ICIAST-2021 Proceeding Editorial Team are available in this pdf.
Scaling Theory for Driven Polymer Translocation through a Double Nanopore
Authors: Bhattacharya Aniket 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study DNA translocation through a double nanopore system subject to a net bias using Brownian dynamics simulation on a model system. We consider the limit dLR < < L, where dLR
is the distance between the pores and L = Nσ is the contour length of the chain consisting of N monomers of diameter σ. In this limit, we generalize a scaling ansatz for the mean first passage time, originally proposed for the driven translocation through a single nanopore, for the double nanopore system and demonstrate its validity using simulation data. The simulation data enables us to extract the pore friction as a function of the chain stiffness. The method can be used to determine the mean first passage time 〈τ〉 for longer chains difficult to extract from BD simulation.
Visualization by optical fluorescence of two-phase flow in a three-dimensional porous medium
Authors: Brodin Joachim Falck , Moura Marcel , Toussaint Renaud , Måløy Knut Jørgen , Rikvold Per Arne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Slow flow of a single fluid through a porous medium is well understood on a macroscopic level through Darcy’s law, a linear relation between flow rate and a combination of pressure differences, viscosity, and gravitational forces. Two-phase flow is complicated by the interface separating the fluids, but understanding of two-dimensional, two-phase flow has been obtained from experiments using transparent cells. In most three-dimensional media, however, visual observation is difficult. Here, we present preliminary results of experiments on a model medium consisting of randomly packed glass spheres, in which one fluorescent liquid invades another. By refractive index matching and scanning with a sheet-shaped laser beam, we obtain slices of the flow patterns, which we combine into three-dimensional pictures. We observe a compact region of invading fluid, surrounded by finger-like protrusions. The compact region becomes more dominant with increasing invader flow rate. The patterns are theoretically analyzed in terms of the interplay between gravitational, viscous, and capillary forces.
Fast simulation of a large polymer with untruncated interaction near the collapse transition
Authors: Schnabel Stefan , Janke Wolfhard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We show how polymer models with untruncated intra-molecular interactions and continuous degrees of freedom can be investigated by means of Monte Carlo techniques even for large systems. To this end we adapt Clisby’s method for the simulation of self-avoiding walks and introduce a novel way to implement the well-known Metropolis algorithm.
GPU molecular dynamics: Algorithms and performance
Authors: Rapaport D C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A previous study of MD algorithms designed for GPU use is extended to cover more recent developments in GPU architecture. Algorithm modifications are described, togther with extensions to more complex systems. New measurements include the effects of increased parallelism on GPU performance, as well as comparisons with multiple-core CPUs using multitasking based on CPU threads and message passing. The results show that the GPU retains a significant performance advantage.
Study, implementation and testing of radiation tolerant design for testability solutions for CMS OT FE ASICs
Authors: Bergamin G. , Caratelli A. , Ceresa D. , Kloukinas K. , Scarfì S. , Nookala A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The MPA and SSA development is approaching the production phase with an approximate volume of more than 200k ASICs, corresponding to 1200 wafers. The limited manufacturing yield requires testing strategies able to identify defective units and guarantee the correct functionality of the tracker modules. This contribution presents innovative methods to replace the currently used functional tests for the digital part of the ASICs, showing limited testing accuracy and long testing time. The proposed solution exploits the concept of structural test and new testing algorithms such as Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) for general digital logic and March for memory elements. Design for Testability (DFT) hardware is integrated on chip to test SRAM memories, peripheral logic and MPA pixel array, providing internal control and observation points for the implementation of the those algorithms. Particular attention is given to power increase, timing and placement impact as well as radiation tolerance of the introduced circuitry, which must be fully transparent during the normal operation of the chip. A faster and more accurate testing approach is presented, from design methodology to implementation choices and silicon results, for a reliable and cost effective testing procedure.
Machine learning for real-time processing of ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter signals with FPGAs
Authors: Chiedde N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ATLAS experiment at CERN measures energy of proton-proton (p-p) collisions with a repetition frequency of 40 MHz at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The readout electronics of liquid-argon (LAr) calorimeters are being prepared for high luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC) operation as part of the phase-II upgrade, anticipating a pileup of up to 200 simultaneous p-p interactions. The increase of the number of p-p interactions implies that calorimeter signals of up to 25 consecutive collisions overlap, making energy reconstruction more challenging. In order to achieve the goal of the HL-HLC, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are used to process digitized pulses sampled at 40 MHz in real time and different machine learning approaches are being investigated to deal with signal pileup. The convolutional and recurrent neural networks outperform the optimal signal filter currently in use, both in terms of assigning the reconstructed energy to the correct proton bunch crossing and in terms of energy resolution. The enhancements are focused on energy obtained from overlapping pulses. Because the neural networks are implemented on an FPGA, the number of parameters, resource usage, latency and operation frequency must be carefully analysed. A very good agreement is observed between neural network implementations in FPGA and software.
Simulation of a Xe-based X-ray Polarimeter at 10–30 keV
Authors: Zhang J. , Cai X. , Huang Y. , Liu Q. , Xie F. , Li J. , Liu H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Polarization detection of X-rays is a non-negligible topic
to astrophysical observation. Many polarization detection methods
have been well developed for X-rays in the energy range below
10 keV, while the detection at 10–30 keV is rarely
discussed. This paper presents a simulation study of a Xe-based gas
pixel detector, which can achieve the polarization detection of
X-rays at 10–30 keV. To verify the emission angle distribution of
photoelectrons, different electromagnetic models in Geant4 were
investigated. After a necessary modification by considering the
missing factor when sampling the emission angle, a good agreement
can be achieved. Moreover, the detection capability of 20 keV
polarized photons was discussed and the modulation factor of 43%
could be obtained.
Irrigated cropland expansion exacerbates the urban moist heat stress in northern India
Authors: Guo Qiang , Zhou Xudong , Satoh Yusuke , Oki Taikan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Agricultural irrigation has significantly reshaped the land surface energy and water balance. Previous studies have well investigated its cooling effect on air temperature (T
air). However, its effect on increasing air humidity which can intensify the humid heat was often overlooked, particularly over urban areas with high population density, high T
air, and consequently greater exposure to moist heat stress. In this study, using state-of-the-art reanalysis data at a high spatial resolution (∼9 km), we evaluated how changes in area equipped for irrigation (AEI) around a city affect urban moist heat stress (UMHS) in more than 1000 cities in China and India. In addition to T
air, wet-bulb temperature (T
WB) and wet-bulb globe temperature (T
WBG), which consider humidity and are closer to the perceived temperature, were assessed. We found that although AEI expansion lowers urban T
air, irrigation increases T
WB and T
WBG due to increased air humidity, thereby exacerbating the UMHS. This ‘warming’ effect of irrigation is more evident in northern India where AEI has expanded significantly in recent decades, and is prominent in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, when precipitation and air humidity are low. However, this effect is not evident in China due to the lower intensity of AEI expansion and differing climatic conditions. Overall, this study highlights the side-effect of irrigation on regional climate, providing crucial information for better understanding urban heat stress and for future city planning.
Thermal and structural studies of Bismuth Borate glasses modified with Gadolinium Oxide for solid state lighting applications
Authors: Prasanth M , Ravi N , Thyagarajan K , Venkata Krishnaiah K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bismuth based borate glasses with combination B2O3 –Bi2O3 – Gd2O3 - K2O-Li2O (BBiGdKLi) were prepared by melt-quenching method at 1250 °C for thermal and structural properties investigation.. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was observed at 681 K in heat capacity (Cp) vs temperature plot. As the temperature increases the specific heat or heat capacity also increases but a sudden fall in Cp was noticed at 962 K which is known to be crystalline temperature (Tc) of BBiGdKLi glass. Borate units comprising non-bridging oxygen (NBO) such as υ(B-O-Gd/Bi/K/Li) occured due to asymmetric stretching vibration at 976 cm-1 revealed in Raman spectrum excited by 532 nm laser. B1s, Bi 4f and Gd 4d binding energies from the XPS spectra of BBiGdKLi glass are corresponding to 188.9, 156.35 & 161.75 and 156.35 & 161.7 eV, respectively. The thermal behavior of BBiGdKLi glass suggest that these glasses could be significant materials for solid state lighting applications.
Iron oxide nanoparticles mediated hyperthermia on cancer cell lines
Authors: Samuel Reinhard T , Khanum Umme Hani , Daniel Elcey C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. The technology can be used to treat cancer by the application of hyperthermia to magnetic nanoparticles and is found to be effective in cancer repression. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. Synthesized nanoparticles were ranging from 10 to 20nm size with Iron concentration of 6 μg. Cancer cell lines, A549 and HeLa, were subjected to hyperthermia treatment and the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles was analysed by Microscopic and Spectroscopic analysis, along with MTT assay in order to check the toxicity of the nanoparticles. Viability of the cells with respect to the concentration of the nanoparticles was determined. Under the influence of the electromagnetic field, iron oxide nanoparticles reduced the viability of the cancer cell lines ie., 44% after 5 minutes, 31% and 29% after 10 minutes of exposure.