bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scoliosis: Brace treatment – from the past 50 years to the future
Authors: Landauer F. , Trieb Klemens 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
This paper deals with scoliosis treatment over the past 50 years. The review of the literature from the point of view of the current formation of opinion. From conservative forms of treatment, the pendulum has swung to surgical measures. To visualize this temporarily rejection of conservative treatment is the goal of this article.

Materials and Methods:
A review of the literature over the last 50 years was performed from the perspective of current opinion, this with a pinch of personal experience in bracing and scoliosis surgery since 1972. The MESH terms (scoliosis, idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis) are presented in their number in a flow diagram and the publications on conservative therapies (brace, physiotherapy) are compared to surgical therapies (surgery).
Opinions of “eminences” in the 1980s have been replaced by the rules of evidence-based medicine (EBM) at end of the 1990s. This transition will be visualized in the graph of PubMed statistics. In a statement, the future scoliosis treatment is derived from history.

Results:
The total number of publications shows a ratio of brace to surgery of 13.9% and physiotherapy to surgery of 6.7% for the MESH terms “scoliosis”. When “scoliosis” is supplemented with “idiopathic”, the brace to surgery ratio changes from 24.5% and physiotherapy to surgery 8.2%. Focusing on adolescent scoliosis the addition of “adolescent” changes the brace to surgery ratio from 24.8% and physiotherapy to surgery 8.1%. In the total number of publications, “adolescent idiopathic scoliosis” is treated by 25.26%. The patient numbers of our own scoliosis outpatient clinic (1482 patients) over the last 15 years show a ratio of brace (Cobb angle 20°–50° brace-indication) to surgery (Cobb angle >50° indication to surgery) of 1 to 0.06. The scientific focus on surgical therapy is evident from the figures of PubMed mentioned. The number of conservative publications shows a depression in the 1990s. In the remainder of this article, opinion-forming developments are outlined and supported by literature citations, responsible for the recovery of publications on conservative scoliosis treatment. New technologies provide additional treatment options.

Conclusions:
In this sense, brace therapy is a success story with a future in the digital world of AI (artificial intelligence), mathematical model calculations, and production perhaps from the 3D printer. The central message from the history of the last 50 years is: “The scientific review of treatment results is essential for the further acceptance of brace treatment.”
Systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of Chinese medicine in the treatment of centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome
Authors: Fu Xin-Rou , Liang Qi , Hu Jia , Hua Shi-Yao , Wang Mu-Lan , Jiang Yi-Ping , Xu Song 
Published: September 2022

Background:
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine for the treatment of centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome (CAPS) using a meta-analysis system.

Methods:
Six databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Vendor Information Pages, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang, PubMed, and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials related to the treatment of CAPS with traditional Chinese medicine. The bias risk assessment tool and RevMan5.3 software (Copenhagen, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration) were used to conduct quality assessment and meta-analysis, and the GRADE grading system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence for outcome indicators.

Results:
Fifteen articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis results showed that the treatment group was more effective in terms of the total effective rate (relative risk = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19–1.34; P < .00001), Behavioral Rating Scale-6 pain score (mean difference [MD] = −0.79; 95% CI, −0.99 to −0.59; P < .00001), and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom score (MD = −1.74; 95% CI, −2.23 to −1.26; P < .00001) than the control group (P < .05). However, in terms of numerical rating scale pain score (MD = 0.79; 95% CI, −1.70 to 0.12; P = .09), the efficacy was comparable between the 2 groups, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). In terms of verbal rating scale pain, depression, and anxiety scores, the data could not be combined due to inconsistent scoring criteria, and only descriptive analysis was performed. The results showed that the treatment group was slightly better than the control group in terms of relieving verbal rating scale pain and improving anxiety and depression (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Chinese medicine can effectively improve the pain and TCM clinical symptoms of patients with CAPS and relieve patients’ anxiety and depression with fewer adverse effects, which has certain therapeutic advantages. However, because of the low methodological quality assessment of the included literature, the quality of GRADE evidence for outcome indicators is of mostly low and very low quality, the strength of recommendation is weak, and the credibility of the conclusion is average. More rigorous, larger sample, and higher-quality clinical trials are required to provide a higher level of evidence-based medicine for the development of TCM treatment standards for CAPS.
Preoperative evaluation of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer
Authors: Gao Yu-Lan , Zhang Yue-han , Cao Meng 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
To retrospectively analyze the preoperative endoscopic evaluation of the size, nature, and depth of lesions in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, determine whether the lesions can be completely resected, and reduce the risk of additional surgery after ESD.

Methods:
A total of 114 patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN) and early gastric cancer treated with ESD in Hebei General Hospital from January 2016 to April 2021 were enrolled in this study. The lesions were evaluated preoperatively according to the endoscopic findings of white light, magnifying endoscopy, endoscopic features of narrow band imaging, and preoperative pathology. Lesion size, positive resection margin, lesion depth, and vascular invasion of postoperative pathology were used as criteria.

Results:
There were 121lesions in 114 patients. The coincidence rates of preoperative and postoperative pathology were 87.21% (75/86) for HGIN and 92.1% (35/38) for adenocarcinoma. There was no significant difference in the coincidence rate between preoperative pathological evaluation and postoperative pathology among the 3 lesions (χ2 = 10.614, P = .005). The type and malignancy of the lesion were not related to its location or size. Magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging showed that HGIN and early gastric cancer had clear borders, irregular microvessels, and irregular surface microarchitecture on endoscopic features. Lesions > 3 cm, surface ulcers and spontaneous bleeding may be risk factors for deeper lesions.

Conclusion:
ESD is not only a method for the treatment of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, but is also an important method for definite pathological diagnosis. Accurate preoperative assessment of lesion type, lesion extent and depth of invasion is helpful to improve the complete resection rate of ESD and reduce the risk of additional surgery.
AntiGQ1b antibody positive with MFS/GBS overlapped syndrome with diplopia and hemiplegia onset: Case report and retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhao Mingmin , Gu Yuxuan , Zhao Jingru , Li Na 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
GBS and MFS have been divided into several subtypes, constituting a series of independent and overlapping syndromes that share similar pathophysiology, leading to common clinical features, including history of previous infection, single-phase course, symmetry, skull or limbs weakness, CFS albumin cell separation (high protein, normal cell count), antiganglioside antibodies and axon, or evidence of demyelinating neuropathy neurophysiology. Part of the MFS in patients with clinical manifestations may be complicated, and even symptoms are not typical. A few patients may overlap with BBE or GBS.

Patient concerns:
Most patients with MFS/GBS overlap syndrome have a good prognosis, and a few patients may experience fluctuations or re-exacerbations. In most patients, after treatment, their neurological function basically recovers within a few weeks or months.

Diagnosis interventions:
The patient had ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, weak force, and protein-cell separation in cerebrospinal fluid during the development of the disease. The diagnosis of MFS overlapped with typical GBS was considered. The CSF specific IgG oligoclonal zone and anti-Sulfatide antibody were positive. Anti-GT1a IgG was positive. Anti-GQ1b IgG was positive, which supported the diagnosis of GBS spectrum disorders. According to their common immunological basis, plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is recommended, which can effectively improve the symptoms and shorten the course of the disease.

Outcomes:
After treatment with glucocorticoids and gamma globulin, the symptoms improved and the patient was discharged.

Lessons:
MFS/GBS Superimposed syndrome is a rare clinical disease. Therefore, more attention should be paid to early diagnosis and treatment of similar patients to avoid misdiagnosis. Cerebral spinal fluid (CFS) examination, neuroelectrophysiology, and GQ1b antibody detection can be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Erdheim-Chester disease presenting as meningitis with hypoglycorrhachia: A case report
Authors: Polk Christopher , Weida Carol , Patel Nikhil , Leonard Michael 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) commonly has neurologic manifestations but rarely presents with meningitis and hypoglycorrhachia. Here, were present a case of ECD with a clinical and laboratory presentation initially thought to be bacterial meningitis with sepsis.

Methods:
We report a case of a 79-year-old with history of enigmatic bone pain and peritoneal nodules who presented with meningitis. After failure to improve on antibiotic therapy other etiologies of hypoglycorrhachia including sarcoid, tuberculosis, and fungal and carcinomatous meningitis were considered. However, no definite diagnosis could be made based on radiologic, serologic, microbiologic, and molecular testing and the patient failed to improve on empiric therapy including antibiotics, antifungals, and tuberculosis and steroid therapy.

Results:
Ultimately, autopsy revealed a new diagnosis of ECD manifesting as meningitis, a rare presentation of a rare disease.

Conclusion:
Although only reported in one other case to our knowledge, ECD can present with meningitis with hypoglycorrhachia.
Assessment of clinical, biochemical, and radiological outcomes following intra-articular injection of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Günay Ali Eray , Karaman Ibrahim , Guney Ahmet , Karaman Zehra Filiz , Demirpolat Eren , Gonen Zeynep Burcin , Dogan Serap , Yerer Mukerrem Betul 
Published: September 2022

The aim of the present study was to perform clinical, biochemical, and radiological evaluation of the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton jelly (WJ) present within the human umbilical cord in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Between 2018 and 2019, 10 patients with knee osteoarthritis for whom the conservative treatment was not beneficial were included in the study. Patients were clinically, radiologically, and biochemically evaluated before treatment initiation. Thereafter, the patients were intra-articularly injected using a solution containing 1 × 108 WJ-derived MSCs. Evaluations were performed on day 21 (V1) and 42 (V2) and month 3 (V3), 6 (V4), and 12 (V5) after the procedure. At 1-year post-injection, visual analogue scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and Lequesne scores of patients were lower than those observed during the initial evaluation, whereas the mean 36-Item Short Form Health Survey score was higher. Cartilage thicknesses were found to be increased in all regions except in the medial femur, medial posterior femur, lateral posterior femur, and lateral posterior tibia regions in magnetic resonance imaging. A significant increase was observed in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, adiponectin, resistin, and interleukin-6 levels compared with pre-injection values. The leptin levels at 6-month and 1-year controls were lower than the pre-injection levels, and the decrease observed at 6 months was significant. In patients with knee osteoarthritis, intra-articular WJ-derived MSC injection causes significant pain reduction, satisfactory functional improvement, and increased patient satisfaction following a 1-year follow-up. These clinical improvements were supported by magnetic resonance images, along with changes in adiponectin and leptin levels in synovial fluid.
Level of evidence: IV.
Clinical analysis and literature review of a case of ovarian clear cell carcinoma with PIK3CA gene mutation: A case report
Authors: Farah Abdulkarim Mohamed , Gu Shiyu , Jia Yan 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is an uncommon malignant form of 5 subtypes of ovarian cancer, accounting for approximately 5% to 25% of all ovarian cancers. OCCC is usually diagnosed at a young age and an early stage. More than 50% of patients are associated with endometriosis. It shows less sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapies, high recurrence, and poor prognosis, especially late. However, platinum-based chemotherapies remain the first-line treatment. Meanwhile, new treatment modalities have been explored, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors.

Patient concern:
A 48-year-old Chinese woman, Gravida2 Para1, complained of irregular and painful vaginal bleeding for 4 months.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with stage IC ovarian clear cell carcinoma that presented with a mutation of the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase alpha subunit (PIK3CA) gene.

Intervention:
We performed an early diagnosis and complete surgical resection of the tumor with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Outcome:
This patient with mutation of the PIK3CA gene was sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy, showed a significant downwards trend in tumor markers, and was in good health within the year of follow-up.

Lessons:
This study described an OCCC case that presented with a PIK3CA mutation and was successfully managed with careful and complete resection of the tumor. This patient with mutation of the PIK3CA gene was sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy, showed a significant downwards trend in tumor markers, and did not have recurrence after a year of follow-up, indicating a reasonably good prognosis. Therefore, surgery plus platinum drug chemotherapy is still the best strategy for OCCC treatment. In addition, it is recommended for such patients to undergo genetic testing as much as possible to predict the clinical treatment effect.
Response to [177Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients presenting with only lymph node metastases
Authors: Zisser Lucia , Yu Josef , Oszwald André , Wollenweber Tim , Kretschmer-Chott Elisabeth , Grubmüller Bernhard , Kramer Gero , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Mitterhauser Markus , Vraka Chrysoula , Hacker Marcus , Haug Alexander R. , Rasul Sazan 
Published: September 2022

Objective
[177Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) is a promising therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and offers a survival benefit particularly to patients with only lymph node metastases. We therefore sought to evaluate the clinical outcome of this therapy in such a cohort.

Methods
Of all prostate cancer patients admitted to our department between September 2015 and March 2019 to receive 1–4 courses of PSMA-RLT (each course consisted of three cycles of highly standardized PSMA-RLT every 4 weeks), only 10 consecutive men were found to have nodal metastases only and were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
Nine out of 10 patients responded to their first PSMA-RLT course with a mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline of 71.8 ± 25.2%, seven of them demonstrated a PSA decline of ≥50%. Collectively, seven of eight patients responded to further PSMA-RLT courses with a total PSA reduction of 59.8 ± 30.0%, five of which showed a PSA reduction of ≥50%. One patient experienced complete remission. Median progression-free survival was 85 weeks (range 14–255 weeks) and median overall survival was not reached during the median observation time of 209 weeks (30–298 weeks). Univariate Cox-regression identified initial PSA decline as the only predictive parameter for progression-free survival (P = 0.047).

Conclusion
mCRPC patients with only lymph node metastases showed favorable survival and excellent response to PSMA-RLT, leading to transient partial remission of the disease in most of them.
Tofacitinib Salvage Therapy for Children Hospitalized for Corticosteroid- and Biologic-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Constant Brad D. , Baldassano Robert , Kirsch Jacqueline , Mitchel Elana B. , Stein Ronen , Albenberg Lindsey 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
Colectomy rates following acute severe ulcerative colitis have plateaued around 20% despite intravenous corticosteroid and intensified anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) biologic dosing. Recent studies have shown tofacitinib to provide additional benefit in further decreasing colectomy rates among hospitalized adult patients with corticosteroid- and anti-TNF-nonresponsive ulcerative colitis. Pediatric data describing the effectiveness of tofacitinib for this indication does not yet exist. We aimed to describe the treatment courses and colectomy-free survival among pediatric patients treated with tofacitinib while hospitalized for refractory ulcerative colitis.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective single-center cohort study of consecutive hospitalized pediatric patients initiating tofacitinib for refractory ulcerative colitis from 2018 to 2021. The primary outcome was 90-day colectomy-free survival. Secondary outcomes included colectomy-free clinical remission, corticosteroid independence, colectomy-free tofacitinib drug-persistence, tofacitinib-related adverse events, and postoperative complications. Baseline characteristics and details of the timing and positioning of therapies utilized during hospitalization were described. Outcomes were described using counts, percentages, and Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results:
Eleven patients met inclusion criteria. All patients demonstrated nonresponse to both intravenous corticosteroids and anti-TNF therapy prior to tofacitinib initiation. Median hospitalization length was 22 days and mean maximum pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index during hospitalization was 68. Eight of 11 patients remained colectomy-free at 90 days following hospital admission and 6 remained colectomy-free over median 182-day follow-up, including 4 of whom remained on tofacitinib.

Conclusions:
Tofacitinib may represent a new treatment option for hospitalized pediatric patients with corticosteroid- and anti-TNF-nonresponsive ulcerative colitis. Future research is essential in determining the optimal positioning of these therapies.
Symptom Burden and Quality of Life With Chemotherapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: The Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup-Symptom Benefit Study
Authors: Lee Yeh Chen , King Madeleine T. , O'Connell Rachel L. , Lanceley Anne , Joly Florence , Hilpert Felix , Davis Alison , Roncolato Felicia T. , Okamoto Aikou , Bryce Jane , Donnellan Paul , Oza Amit M. , Avall-Lundqvist Elisabeth , Berek Jonathan S. , Ledermann Jonathan A. , Berton Dominique , Sehouli Jalid , Feeney Amanda , Kaminsky Marie-Christine , Diamante Katrina , Stockler Martin R. , Friedlander Michael L. ,   for the GCIG Symptom Benefit Group
Published: September 2022

(Abstracted from Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022;32:761–768)
Patients with recurrent ovarian cancer often experience a multitude of symptoms related to disease progression and the cumulative toxicities from multiple treatment regimens. The goals of chemotherapy in this context include palliating symptoms, improving health-related quality of life (HRQL), and delaying disease progression.
Midurethral Sling Removal or Revision in Women With Chronic Pain
Authors: Rockefeller Nicholas F. , Petersen Timothy R. , Jeppson Peter C. , Dunivan Gena , Ninivaggio Cara , Meriwether Kate , Gallegos Maxx A. , Komesu Yuko M. 
Published: September 2022

(Abstracted from Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2022;28:e149–e153)
Mesh midurethral slings (MUSs) have been the subject of extensive review and are considered surgically effective for treating stress urinary incontinence with favorable safety profiles. Mesh midurethral slings have known but uncommon complications including mesh exposure, pain, dyspareunia, and infection.
Surgical Complications and Hospital Costs in Robot-Assisted Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Hysterectomy With Concurrent Sacrocolpopexy: Analysis of the Nationwide Readmissions Database
Authors: Andiman Sarah E. , Bui Anthony H. , Ascher-Walsh Charles , Wright Jason D. , Xu Xiao 
Published: September 2022

(Abstracted from Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2022;28:e142–e148)
Uterovaginal prolapse is a common concern that is frequently surgically managed using minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy. This procedure confers a durable mesh graft, while maintaining a low risk of morbidity that is also associated with a shorter hospital stay.
Where Are We in Understanding the Natural History of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Cohort Studies
Authors: Kiconco Sylvia , Tay Chau Thien , Rassie Kate Louise , Azziz Ricardo , Teede Helena J. , Joham Anju E. 
Published: September 2022

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2022;37:1255–1273)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting 5% to 15% of reproductive aged women worldwide. Traditionally, PCOS has been diagnosed based on the presence of 2 of 3 features, including radiologically confirmed polycystic ovaries, oligo/amenorrhea, and hyperandrogenism.
Effects of Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Benign Hysterectomy
Authors: Travieso Jennifer , Kamdar Neil , Morgan Daniel M. , As-Sanie Sawsan , Till Sara R. 
Published: September 2022

(Abstracted from J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022;29:776–783)
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially preventable perioperative complication of benign hysterectomy, with historic rates of postoperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism of 9.6% and 1.8%, respectively. Recent estimates of VTE with routine prophylaxis are lower (0.1% to 0.3% vs 0.24% to 0.6% for laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy, respectively).