bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eastern Whip-poor-will abundance declines with urban land cover and increases with moth abundance in the American Midwest
Authors: Souza-Cole Ian , Ward Michael P , Mau Rebecca L , Foster Jeffrey T , Benson Thomas J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Populations of avian aerial insectivores have declined across North America. A leading factor hypothesized to be driving these trends is a decline in prey populations, although a loss of suitable habitat on the landscape or other factors may also play a role. The Eastern Whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus; hereafter: whip-poor-will) is an aerial insectivorous nightjar that has disappeared from many of its historic breeding locations. We investigated the role that food availability and land cover at multiple scales play in whip-poor-will distribution by estimating their abundance at 23 sites across central Illinois. To do this, we conducted nocturnal point counts to estimate whip-poor-will abundance and collected nocturnal insects using UV-light traps at these sites to quantify potential food abundance. Additionally, we described whip-poor-will diet using DNA metabarcoding of fecal samples. We found that the number of large moths at a site had a positive effect on the abundance of whip-poor-wills, aligning with our diet analysis which identified moths as the primary prey item for this species (present in 92% of samples). Whip-poor-wills also showed an affinity for forest edges, but only when edges were associated with high moth abundances. Conversely, developed land-cover in landscapes surrounding sites led to decreased whip-poor-will abundance. Given the continued expansion of developed areas, coupled with concerning trends in moth populations, declines in the abundance of this species may continue. Efforts should be made to protect and sustain moth populations and the impacts of development should be scrutinized in the pursuit of conserving whip-poor-wills.
Updating splits, lumps, and shuffles: Reconciling GenBank names with standardized avian taxonomies
Authors: Hosner Peter A , Zhao Min , Kimball Rebecca T , Braun Edward L , Burleigh J Gordon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Biodiversity research has advanced by testing expectations of ecological and evolutionary hypotheses through the linking of large-scale genetic, distributional, and trait datasets. The rise of molecular systematics over the past 30 years has resulted in a wealth of DNA sequences from around the globe. Yet, advances in molecular systematics also have created taxonomic instability, as new estimates of evolutionary relationships and interpretations of species limits have required widespread scientific name changes. Taxonomic instability, colloquially “splits, lumps, and shuffles,” presents logistical challenges to large-scale biodiversity research because (1) the same species or sets of populations may be listed under different names in different data sources, or (2) the same name may apply to different sets of populations representing different taxonomic concepts. Consequently, distributional and trait data are often difficult to link directly to primary DNA sequence data without extensive and time-consuming curation. Here, we present RANT: Reconciliation of Avian NCBI Taxonomy. RANT applies taxonomic reconciliation to standardize avian taxon names in use in NCBI GenBank, a primary source of genetic data, to a widely used and regularly updated avian taxonomy: eBird/Clements. Of 14,341 avian species/subspecies names in GenBank, 11,031 directly matched an eBird/Clements; these link to more than 6 million nucleotide sequences. For the remaining unmatched avian names in GenBank, we used Avibase’s system of taxonomic concepts, taxonomic descriptions in Cornell’s Birds of the World, and DNA sequence metadata to identify corresponding eBird/Clements names. Reconciled names linked to more than 600,000 nucleotide sequences, ~9% of all avian sequences on GenBank. Nearly 10% of eBird/Clements names had nucleotide sequences listed under 2 or more GenBank names. Our taxonomic reconciliation is a first step towards rigorous and open-source curation of avian GenBank sequences and is available at GitHub, where it can be updated to correspond to future annual eBird/Clements taxonomic updates.
Seven finance and trade lessons from Covid-19 for future pandemics
Authors: Agarwal Ruchir , Gopinath Gita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pandemics and epidemics pose systemic risks to lives, societies, and to global economic security—and their frequency is expected to increase as rising trade and increased human interaction with animals leads to the emergence of new diseases. The Covid-19 pandemic teaches us that we can and must be better prepared, with scope for much greater global coordination to address the financing, supply-chain, and trade barriers that amplified the pandemic’s economic costs and contributed to the emergence of new variants. This paper draws seven early lessons from the Covid-19 pandemic that could inform future policy priorities and help shape a better global response to future crises.
From Evolution to Revolution: Accelerating Crop Domestication through Genome Editing
Authors: Kumar Kishor , Mandal Swarupa Nanda , Pradhan Bhubaneswar , Kaur Pavneet , Kaur Karminderbir , Neelam Kumari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Crop domestication has a tremendous impact on socioeconomic conditions and human civilization. Modern cultivars were domesticated from their wild progenitors thousands of years ago by the selection of natural variation by humans. New cultivars are being developed by crossing two or more compatible individuals. But the limited genetic diversity in the cultivars severely affects the yield and renders the crop susceptible to many biotic and abiotic stresses. Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are the rich reservoir for many valuable agronomic traits. The incorporation of useful genes from CWR is one of the sustainable approaches for enriching the gene pool of cultivated crops. However, CWRs are not suited for urban and intensive cultivation because of several undesirable traits. Researchers have begun to study the domestication traits in the CWRs and modify them using genome-editing tools to make them suitable for extensive cultivation. Growing evidence has shown that modification in these genes is not sufficient to bring the desired change in the neodomesticated crop. However, the other dynamic genetic factors such as microRNAs (miRNAs), transposable elements, cis-regulatory elements and epigenetic changes have reshaped the domesticated crops. The creation of allelic series for many valuable domestication traits through genome editing holds great potential for the accelerated development of neodomesticated crops. The present review describes the current understanding of the genetics of domestication traits that are responsible for the agricultural revolution. The targeted mutagenesis in these domestication genes via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 could be used for the rapid domestication of CWRs.
The cutin polymer matrix undergoes a fine architectural tuning from early tomato fruit development to ripening
Authors: Reynoud Nicolas , Geneix Nathalie , Petit Johann , D’Orlando Angelina , Fanuel Mathieu , Marion Didier , Rothan Christophe , Lahaye Marc , Bakan Bénédicte 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The cuticle is a complex polymer matrix that protects all aerial organs of plants, fulfills multiple roles in plant–environment interactions, and is critical for plant development. These functions are associated with the structural features of cuticles, and the architectural modeling of cuticles during plant development is crucial for understanding their physical properties and biological functions. In this work, the in-depth architecture of the cutin polymer matrix during fruit development was investigated. Using cherry tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum) as a model from the beginning of the cell expansion phase to the red ripe stage, we designed an experimental scheme combining sample pretreatment, Raman mapping, multivariate data analyses, and biochemical analyses. These approaches revealed clear chemical areas with different contributions of cutin, polysaccharides, and phenolics within the cutin polymer matrix. Besides, we demonstrated that these areas are finely tuned during fruit development, including compositional and macromolecular rearrangements. The specific spatiotemporal accumulation of phenolic compounds (p-coumaric acid and flavonoids) suggests that they fulfill distinct functions during fruit development. In addition, we highlighted an unexpected dynamic remodeling of the cutin-embedded polysaccharides pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Such structural tuning enables consistent adaption of the cutin-polysaccharide continuum and the functional performance of the fruit cuticle at the different developmental stages. This study provides insights into the plant cuticle architecture and in particular into the organization of the epidermal cell wall-cuticle.
Skeletal muscle releases extracellular vesicles with distinct protein and microRNA signatures that function in the muscle microenvironment
Authors: Watanabe Sho , Sudo Yuri , Makino Takumi , Kimura Satoshi , Tomita Kenji , Noguchi Makoto , Sakurai Hidetoshi , Shimizu Makoto , Takahashi Yu , Sato Ryuichiro , Yamauchi Yoshio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) contain various regulatory molecules and mediate intercellular communications. Although EVs are secreted from various cell types, including skeletal muscle cells, and are present in the blood, their identity is poorly characterized in vivo, limiting the identification of their origin in the blood. Since skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body, it could substantially contribute to circulating EVs as their source. However, due to the lack of defined markers that distinguish skeletal muscle-derived EVs (SkM-EVs) from others, whether skeletal muscle releases EVs in vivo and how much SkM-EVs account for plasma EVs remain poorly understood. In this work, we perform quantitative proteomic analyses on EVs released from C2C12 cells and human iPS cell-derived myocytes and identify potential marker proteins that mark SkM-EVs. These markers we identified apply to in vivo tracking of SkM-EVs. The results show that skeletal muscle makes only a subtle contribution to plasma EVs as their source in both control and exercise conditions in mice. On the other hand, we demonstrate that SkM-EVs are concentrated in the skeletal muscle interstitium. Furthermore, we show that interstitium EVs are highly enriched with the muscle-specific miRNAs and repress the expression of the paired box transcription factor Pax7, a master regulator for myogenesis. Taken together, our findings confirm previous studies showing that skeletal muscle cells release exosome-like EVs with specific protein and miRNA profiles in vivo and suggest that SkM-EVs mainly play a role within the muscle microenvironment where they accumulate.
Kaon–baryon coupling schemes and kaon condensation in hyperon-mixed matter
Authors: Muto Takumi , Maruyama Toshiki , Tatsumi Toshitaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The possible coexistence of kaon condensation and hyperons in highly dense matter [the (Y + K) phase] is investigated on the basis of the relativistic mean-field theory combined with the effective chiral Lagrangian. Two coupling schemes for the s-wave kaon–baryon interaction are compared regarding the onset density of kaon condensation in hyperon-mixed matter and the equation of state for the developed (Y + K) phase. One is the contact interaction scheme related to the nonlinear effective chiral Lagrangian. The other is the meson exchange scheme, where the interaction vertices between the kaon field and baryons are described by an exchange of mesons (σ, σ* mesons for scalar coupling, and ω, ρ, ϕ mesons for vector coupling). It is shown that in the meson exchange scheme, the contribution from the nonlinear scalar self-interaction gives rise to a repulsive effect for the kaon effective energy, pushing up the onset density of kaon condensation as compared with the contact interaction scheme. In general, the difference in kaon–baryon dynamics between the contact interaction scheme and the meson exchange scheme relies on the specific forms of the nonlinear self-interacting meson terms. They generate many-baryon forces through the equations of motion for the meson mean fields. However, they should have a definite effect on the ground state properties of nuclear matter only around the saturation density. It is shown that the nonlinear self-interacting term is not relevant to repulsive energy leading to stiffening of the equation of state at high densities, and that it cannot be compensated with a large attractive energy due to the appearance of the (Y + K) phase in the case of the contact interaction scheme. We also discuss what effects are necessary in the contact interaction scheme to make the equation of state with (Y + K) phase stiff enough to be consistent with recent observations of massive neutron stars.
Advising the Management: A Theory of Shareholder Engagement
Authors: Kakhbod Ali , Loginova Uliana , Malenko Andrey , Malenko Nadya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the effectiveness of shareholder engagement, that is, shareholders communicating their views to management. When shareholders and management have different beliefs, each shareholder engages more effectively when other shareholders engage as well. A limited shareholder base can thus prevent effective engagement. However, a limited shareholder base naturally arises under heterogeneous beliefs because investors who most disagree with management do not become shareholders. Passive funds, which own the firm regardless of their beliefs, can counteract these effects and improve engagement. When shareholders’ and management’s preferences are strongly misaligned, shareholders’ engagement decisions become substitutes and the role of ownership structure declines.Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Photomotor Responses in Zebrafish and Electrophysiology Reveal Varying Interactions of Anesthetics Targeting Distinct Sites on γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors
Authors: Hoyt Helen , Fantasia Ryan J. , Bhave Kieran , Yang Xiaoxuan , Forman Stuart A. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Etomidate, barbiturates, alfaxalone, and propofol are anesthetics that allosterically modulate γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors via distinct sets of molecular binding sites. Two-state concerted coagonist models account for anesthetic effects and predict supra-additive interactions between drug pairs acting at distinct sites. Some behavioral and molecular studies support these predictions, while other findings suggest potentially complex anesthetic interactions. We therefore evaluated interactions among four anesthetics in both animals and GABAA receptors.

Methods
The authors used video assessment of photomotor responses in zebrafish larvae and isobolography to evaluate hypnotic drug pair interactions. Voltage clamp electrophysiology and allosteric shift analysis evaluated coagonist interactions in α1β3γ2L receptors activated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) versus anesthetics [log(d, AN):log(d, GABA) ratio]. Anesthetic interactions at concentrations relevant to zebrafish were assessed in receptors activated with low GABA.

Results
In zebrafish larvae, etomidate interacted additively with both propofol and the barbiturate R-5-allyl-1-methyl m-trifluoromethyl mephobarbital (R-mTFD-MPAB; mean ± SD α = 1.0 ± 0.07 and 0.96 ± 0.11 respectively, where 1.0 indicates additivity), while the four other drug pairs displayed synergy (mean α range 0.76 to 0.89). Electrophysiologic allosteric shifts revealed that both propofol and R-mTFD-MPAB modulated etomidate-activated receptors much less than GABA-activated receptors [log(d, AN):log(d, GABA) ratios = 0.09 ± 0.021 and 0.38 ± 0.024, respectively], while alfaxalone comparably modulated receptors activated by GABA or etomidate [log(d) ratio = 0.87 ± 0.056]. With low GABA activation, etomidate combined with alfaxalone was supra-additive (n = 6; P = 0.023 by paired t test), but etomidate plus R-mTFD-MPAB or propofol was not.

Conclusions
In both zebrafish and GABAA receptors, anesthetic drug pairs interacted variably, ranging from additivity to synergy. Pairs including etomidate displayed corresponding interactions in animals and receptors. Some of these results challenge simple two-state coagonist models and support alternatives where different anesthetics may stabilize distinct receptor conformations, altering the effects of other drugs.

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Interfacility Transfer Patients With Pelvic, Acetabular, and Lower Extremity Fractures Are at Higher Risk for Major Complications and Readmissions
Authors: Pean Christian A. , Watkins Ian T. , Harris Mitchel B. , Weaver Michael J. , Ly Thuan V. 
Published: August 2022

Objective:To compare the adverse event profile and patient comorbidity profile of lower extremity orthopaedic trauma patients admitted via interfacility transfer (IT) to direct admission (DA) patients from home.Methods:A total of 39,497 patients from 2012 to 2019 were identified in the American College of Surgeon National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. DA patients were compared with IT patients for differences in preoperative comorbidities, adverse events, length of stay, and readmissions in the 30-day postoperative period. Studentttests were used to assess continuous variables. Pearson χ2test and odds ratios (ORs) were used for categorical variables.Results:The IT group comprised 7167 patients, and the DA group comprised 32,330 patients. IT patients were on average older (65.5 vs. 58.8 years,P< 0.01), more likely to be American Society of Anesthesiologists Status >2 (P< 0.01), and had a worse comorbidity profile for numerous preoperative risk factors. IT patients had significantly higher rates of mortality [3.3% vs. 1.4%; odds ratio (OR) 2.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.96–2.77], major complications (10.2% vs. 6.1%; OR 1.74; 95% CI, 1.60–1.91), significantly higher readmission rates (5.8% vs. 4.8%,P< 0.01, OR 1.22 95% CI, 1.09–1.36), and more infectious complications (7% vs. 4.7%; OR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.38–1.71) than DA patients. Transfer remained a significant factor predicting major adverse events in regression analysis controlling for patient characteristics and fracture type (P< 0.01; B 1.197; 95% CI, 1.09–1.32).Conclusions:This study revealed that IT patients undergoing operative management of pelvic, acetabular, and lower extremity fractures are at a significantly increased risk of major complications, readmission, and have a higher morbidity burden than DA patients. As healthcare transitions to value-based care and bundled payments, hospitals that accept a high volume of ITs will face exposure to added risk and financial penalties without adequate policy protections.Level of Evidence:Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Locked Lateral Plating Versus Retrograde Nailing for Distal Femur Fractures: A Multicenter Randomized Trial
Authors: Dunbar Robert P. , Egol Kenneth A. , Jones Clifford B. , Ertl Jan P. , Mullis Brian , Perez Edward , Collinge Cory A. , Ostrum Robert , Humphrey Catherine , Gardner Michael J. , Ricci William M. , Phieffer Laura S. , Teague David , Ertl William , Born Christopher T. , Zonno Alan , Siegel Jodi , Sagi Henry Claude , Pollak Andrew , Schmidt Andrew H. , Templeman David C. , Sems Andrew , Friess Darin M. , Pape Hans-Christoph , Krieg James C. , Tornetta Paul 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
The 2 main forms of treatment for distal femur fractures are locked lateral plating and retrograde nailing. The goal of this trial was to determine whether there are significant differences in outcomes between these forms of treatment.

Design:
Multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
Twenty academic trauma centers.

Patients/Participants:
One hundred sixty patients with distal femur fractures were enrolled. One hundred twenty-six patients were followed 12 months. Patients were randomized to plating in 62 cases and intramedullary nailing in 64 cases.

Intervention:
Lateral locked plating or retrograde intramedullary nailing.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Functional scoring including Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment, bother index, EQ Health, and EQ Index. Secondary measures included alignment, operative time, range of motion, union rate, walking ability, ability to manage stairs, and number and type of adverse events.

Results:
Functional testing showed no difference between the groups. Both groups were still significantly affected by their fracture 12 months after injury. There was more coronal plane valgus in the plating group, which approached statistical significance. Range of motion, walking ability, and ability to manage stairs were similar between the groups. Rate and type of adverse events were not statistically different between the groups.

Conclusions:
Both lateral locked plating and retrograde intramedullary nailing are reasonable surgical options for these fractures. Patients continue to improve over the course of the year after injury but remain impaired 1 year postoperatively.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hypertension in Cancer Survivors: A Review of the Literature and Suggested Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Chuquin David , Abbate Antonio , Bottinor Wendy 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. Hypertension, which is common among cancer survivors with a prevalence of greater than 70% by age 50, potentiates the risk for CVD in a more than additive fashion. For example, childhood cancer survivors who develop hypertension may have up to a 12 times higher risk for heart failure than survivors who remain normotensive. Studies have shown that mild valvular disease (28% incidence), cardiomyopathy (7.4%), arrhythmias (4.6%), and coronary artery disease (3.8%) are among the most common CVDs in childhood cancer survivors. Among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors, the most common reasons for cardiovascular-related hospital admission are venous/lymphatic disease (absolute excess risk 19%), cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia (15%), hypertension (13%), and ischemic heart disease (12%). In addition, cancer therapies can increase the risk for hypertension and CVD. Therefore, early detection and treatment of hypertension is essential to reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among survivors.

Methods:
We present a literature review, which identified over 20 clinical trials, systemic reviews, and meta-analyses (13 clinical trials, 8 systemic reviews or meta-analyses) by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library for relevant articles addressing hypertension in cancer survivors.

Results:
Although our understanding of the complex relationship between cancer therapies and CVD has grown significantly over the past 2 decades, there remain several gaps in knowledge when specifically addressing CVD in the survivor population. This review provides an up-to-date survivor-centered approach to the screening and treatment of hypertension, which considers survivor-specific cardiovascular risk, applies guideline directed therapies when appropriate, screens for survivor-specific factors that may influence antihypertensive medication selection, and finally considers the prohypertensive mechanisms of antineoplastic agents as a potential target for antihypertensive medications.

Conclusions:
Screening for and treating hypertension among survivors can promote cardiovascular health in this vulnerable population.