bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial self-segregation of pioneer cyanobacterial species drives microbiome organization in biocrusts
Authors: Nelson Corey , Giraldo-Silva Ana , Thomas Finlay Warsop , Garcia-Pichel Ferran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microbial communities are typically characterized by some degree of self-organization. In biological soil crust (biocrust) communities, vertical organization of resident populations at the mm scale is driven by organismal adaptations to physicochemical microniches. However, the extent of horizontal organization and its driving processes are unknown. Using a combination of observational and genetic mapping, we provide evidence for a highly defined, horizontal self-organization (patchiness) at the mm to cm scale in a successionally early biocrust community dominated by the pioneer cyanobacteria, Microcoleus vaginatus (Microcoleaceae) and Parifilum sp. (Coleofasciculaceae). Experiments with representative isolates of each species demonstrate that the phenomenon is driven by active spatial segregation based on cross-species sensing through the exometabolome acted upon with motility responses. Further, we show that both species share the ability to enrich for specialized cyanospheres of heterotrophic bacteria at smaller scales, and that these cyanospheres are characterized by compositional host-specificity, thus expanding the reach of spatial patchiness beyond primary producers. Our results highlight the importance of specific microbial interactions in the emergence of microbiome compositional architecture and the enhancement of microbial diversity.
Attack detection and fault‐tolerant control of interconnected cyber‐physical systems against simultaneous replayed time‐delay and false‐data injection attacks
Authors: Baroumand Salman , Zaman Amirreza , Mihaylova Lyudmila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays, interconnected cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) are widely used with increasing deployments of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. Other than operating properly under system uncertainties, CPSs should be secured under unwanted adversaries. To mark such challenges, this paper proposes the solution of secure decentralized robust control for uncertain CPSs under replayed time‐delay and false‐data injection attacks altogether. Potentially, considered attacks can force the whole system to instability and crash. Three challenges are addressed, and solutions are presented: (1) model non‐linearity and uncertainties, (2) existing simultaneous time‐delay and potential false‐data injection attacks with skew probability density functions, and (3) requirement to use real‐time attack detection. Thus, a novel, robust control method to deal with thwart attacks on a closed‐loop control system is proposed to provide the system's trustworthiness. Additionally, novel attack detection methodologies are presented to detect these advanced attacks rapidly based on statistical methods such as Spearman's correlation coefficient, Neyman–Pearson (NP) error classification, and trend analysis. Ultimately, the proposed novel attack detection and robust control protocol are verified and evaluated in real‐time.
Research on conflict detection model for taxi‐in process on the apron based on aircraft wingtip keypoint detection
Authors: Zhang Tianxiong , Zhu Xinping , Li Jiajun , Chen Honghao , Li Zhihan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractApron safety is critical to aviation operations and aprons are prone to wingtip scraping accidents. However, few studies have been conducted on wingtip conflicts. In this paper, a class of aircraft conflict detection models based on wingtip keypoint detection is devised to solve the problem of wingtip scraping that may occur during the aircraft taxi‐in process on the apron. Firstly, a concise camera calibration technique is designed for the conversion between the pixel coordinate and the airport actual coordinate, which allows for the acquisition of high accuracy activity posture within the apron. Secondly, the static and dynamic safety protection zone delineation methods for wingtip conflict detection are given, taking the apron standard operating procedures and aircraft kinematic model into consideration. Then, the corresponding conflict detection models and algorithms are designed for the possible scraping between the vehicle and aircraft wingtips and between the aircraft and aircraft wingtips during the aircraft taxi‐in process on the apron. Finally, HRNet is selected to detect the keypoint of the wingtip by comparison, and the corresponding models and algorithm validation are carried out based on the apron physical sandbox. The verification results indicate that the models have strong accuracy and real‐time performance.
A study of digital architectural heritage preservation based on blockchain technology
Authors: Hsiao Tsung‐Chih , Shen Sijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLiben Building, constructed in 1822 AD, is located in Xinnan Village, Hukeng Town, Yongding District, Longyan City, Fujian Province, China. This square earthen building covers an area of about 2100 square metres. In 1931 AD, the building was sacked and burned down by bandits during a war, leaving behind only the remnants of the walls of the main building. In the meta‐universe environment, firstly, this study adopted blockchain DAO technology to conduct a study on the digital collection, storage, processing, display and dissemination of Liben Building, revealing the problems with digital regeneration of cultural heritage. Then, the questionnaire with 20 questions was designed, and 158 valid completed copies of the questionnaire were collected. Combining influence relationship with sample clustering analysis methods, this paper explored the findings of a study of the historical sites under blockchain digital heritage preservation and protection in the metaverse.
Interferometric imaging of the type IIIb and U radio bursts observed with LOFAR on 22 August 2017
Authors: Dabrowski Bartosz , Mikuła Katarzyna , Flisek Paweł , Vocks Christian , Zhang PeiJin , Magdalenić Jasmina , Warmuth Alexander , Morosan Diana E. , Froń Adam , Fallows Richard A. , Bisi Mario M. , Krankowski Andrzej , Mann Gottfried , Błaszkiewicz Leszek , Carley Eoin P. , Gallagher Peter T. , Zucca Pietro , Rudawy Paweł , Hajduk Marcin , Kotulak Kacper , Sidorowicz Tomasz 
Published: November 2022

Context.The Sun is the source of different types of radio bursts that are associated with solar flares, for example. Among the most frequently observed phenomena are type III solar bursts. Their radio images at low frequencies (below 100 MHz) are relatively poorly studied due to the limitations of legacy radio telescopes.Aims.We study the general characteristics of types IIIb and U with stria structure solar radio bursts in the frequency range of 20–80 MHz, in particular the source size and evolution in different altitudes, as well as the velocity and energy of electron beams responsible for their generation.Methods.In this work types IIIb and U with stria structure radio bursts are analyzed using data from the LOFAR telescope including dynamic spectra and imaging observations, as well as data taken in the X-ray range (GOES and RHESSI satellites) and in the extreme ultraviolet (SDO satellite).Results.In this study we determined the source size limited by the actual shape of the contour at particular frequencies of type IIIb and U solar bursts in a relatively wide frequency band from 20 to 80 MHz. Two of the bursts seem to appear at roughly the same place in the studied active region and their source sizes are similar. It is different in the case of another burst, which seems to be related to another part of the magnetic field structure in this active region. The velocities of the electron beams responsible for the generation of the three bursts studied here were also found to be different.
Interpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind models
Authors: Rab Ch. , Weber M. , Grassi T. , Ercolano B. , Picogna G. , Caselli P. , Thi W.-F. , Kamp I. , Woitke P. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Winds in protoplanetary disks play an important role in their evolution and dispersal. However, the physical process that is actually driving the winds is still unclear (i.e. magnetically versus thermally driven), and can only be understood by directly confronting theoretical models with observational data.
Aims. We aim to interpret observational data for molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen lines that show kinematic disk-wind signatures in order to investigate whether or not purely thermally driven winds are consistent with the data.
Methods. We use hydrodynamic photoevaporative disk-wind models and post-process them with a thermochemical model to produce synthetic observables for the spectral lines o–H2 1–0 S(1) at 2.12 µm and [OI] 1D2–3P2 at 0.63 µm and directly compare the results to a sample of observations.
Results. We find that our photoevaporative disk-wind model is consistent with the observed signatures of the blueshifted narrow low-velocity component (NLVC) – which is usually associated with slow disk winds – for both tracers. Only for one out of seven targets that show blueshifted NLVCs does the photoevaporative model fail to explain the observed line kinematics. Our results also indicate that interpreting spectral line profiles using simple methods, such as the thin-disk approximation, to determine the line emitting region is not appropriate for the majority of cases and can yield misleading conclusions. This is due to the complexity of the line excitation, wind dynamics, and the impact of the actual physical location of the line-emitting regions on the line profiles.
Conclusions. The photoevaporative disk-wind models are largely consistent with the studied observational data set, but it is not possible to clearly discriminate between different wind-driving mechanisms. Further improvements to the models are necessary, such as consistent modelling of the dynamics and chemistry, and detailed modelling of individual targets (i.e. disk structure) would be beneficial. Furthermore, a direct comparison of magnetically driven disk-wind models to the observational data set is necessary in order to determine whether or not spatially unresolved observations of multiple wind tracers are sufficient to discriminate between theoretical models.
Properties of self-excited pulsations in 3D simulations of AGB stars and red supergiants
Authors: Ahmad A. , Freytag B. , Höfner S. 
Published: November 2022

Context. The characteristic variability of cool giants and supergiants is attributed to a combination of stellar pulsation and large-scale convective flows. Full 3D radiation-hydrodynamical modelling is an essential tool for understanding the nature of these dynamical processes. The parameter space in our 3D model grid of red giants has expanded in recent years. These models can provide many insights on the nature and properties of the pulsations, including the interplay between convection and pulsations.
Aims. We treat 3D dynamical models of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and red supergiants (with current masses 1 M⊙ ≤ M* ≤ 12 M⊙) similar to observational data. We aim to explore the relation between stellar parameters and the properties of the self-excited pulsations.
Methods. Output from global ‘star-in-a-box’ models computed with the CO5BOLD radiation-hydrodynamics code were analysed, particularly in regards to the pulsation properties, to find possible correlations with input and emergent stellar parameters. The fast Fourier transform was applied to spherically averaged mass flows to identify possible radial pulsation periods beneath the photosphere of the modelled stars. Stellar parameters were investigated for correlations with the extracted pulsation periods.
Results. We find that the pulsation periods varied with the stellar parameters in good agreement with the current expectations. The pulsation periods follow Ritter’s period-mean density relation well and our AGB models agree with period-luminosity relations derived from observations. A mass estimate formula was derived from the 3D models, relating the stellar mass to the fundamental mode pulsation period and the stellar radius.
Conclusions. While the non-linearity of the interplay between the self-excited pulsations and the self-consistent convection complicates analyses, the resulting correlations are in good agreement with respect to current theoretical and observational understandings.
Xenotransplantate vom Schwein – ist das Ende des Organmangels
in Sicht?
Authors: Niemann Heiner 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungUnter „Xenotransplantation“ wird die Übertragung von
funktionsfähigen Zellen, Geweben oder Organen zwischen verschiedenen
Spezies verstanden, insbesondere von Schweinen auf den Menschen. In den meisten
Industrieländern klafft eine große Lücke zwischen der
Anzahl geeigneter Spenderorgane und der Anzahl benötigter Transplantate.
Weltweit können nur etwa 10% des Organbedarfs durch Spenden
gedeckt werden. Eine erfolgreiche Xenotransplantation könnte diesen
Mangel mildern oder sogar weitgehend vermeiden. Das Schwein wird aus
verschiedenen Erwägungen heraus als am besten geeignete Spenderspezies
angesehen. Bei einer Übertragung porziner Organe auf Primaten treten
verschiedene immunologisch bedingte Abstoßungsreaktionen auf, die das
übertragene Organ innerhalb kurzer Zeit zerstören
können, wie die HAR (hyperakute Abstoßung), die AVR (akute
vaskuläre Abstoßung) und die spätere zelluläre
Abstoßung. Diese Abstoßungsreaktionen müssen durch
genetische Modifikationen im Schwein und eine geeignete immunsuppressive
Behandlung des Empfängers kontrolliert werden. Dazu müssen Tiere
mit mehrfachen genetischen Veränderungen produziert und im Hinblick auf
ihre Eignung für eine erfolgreiche Xenotransplantation geprüft
werden. Inzwischen können die HAR und auch die AVR durch Knockouts von
antigenen Oberflächenepitopen (z. B. αGal
[Galaktose-α1,3-Galaktose]) und transgene Expression humaner Gene mit
antiinflammatorischer, antiapoptotischer oder antikoagulativer Wirkung
zuverlässig kontrolliert werden. Nach orthotopen Transplantationen in
nicht humane Primaten konnten inzwischen mit Schweineherzen
Überlebensraten von bis zu 264 Tagen und mit porzinen Nieren von 435
Tagen erzielt werden. Eine Übertragung pathogener Erreger auf den
Empfänger kann bei Einhaltung einschlägiger
Hygienemaßnahmen ausgeschlossen werden. PERV (porzine endogene
Retroviren) können durch RNA-(Ribonukleinsäure-)Interferenz oder
Gen-Knockout ausgeschaltet werden. Sie stellen damit kein
Übertragungsrisiko für den Empfänger mehr dar. Anfang
2022 wurde in Baltimore (USA) ein Schweineherz mit 10 genetischen Modifikationen
auf einen Patienten mit schwerem Herzleiden übertragen, mit dem der
Empfänger 2 Monate offenbar ohne größere Probleme lebte.
Es wird erwartet, dass Xenotransplantate vom Schwein in absehbarer Zeit zur
klinischen Anwendungsreife kommen werden. Dazu werden klinische Versuche zur
systematischen Erfassung aller Auswirkungen solcher Transplantate auf den
Patienten sowie geeignete rechtliche und finanzielle Rahmenbedingungen
benötigt.
Chimärismusanalyse nach Stammzelltransplantation mit
hochsensitiven Methoden
Authors: Heinold Andreas , Heinemann Falko M. , Ditschkowski Markus 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungMit den hochsensitiven Methoden zur Chimärismusanalyse kann ein
Rezidiv bedeutend früher prognostiziert werden. Für die
Prognose ist hierbei vor allem die Dynamik des Anstiegs im Eigenanteil
entscheidend, dies gilt auch schon für sehr niedrige Werte
(< 0,1%). KM-Proben können über
ihren variablen Eigenanteil durch Stromazellen die Erkennung einer Dynamik
im niedrigen Prozentbereich (< 1%) verschleiern und
somit das Erkennen eines Rezidives erschweren. Die frühe Erkennung
einer Dynamik in den sehr niedrigen Prozentbereichen erlaubt bei der
Anwendung der sensitiven Methoden eine Reduktion der Anzahl der KM-Proben,
was den Patienten weniger belastet. Durch zellfreie DNA und andere Faktoren
kann ein „Grundrauschen“ bei sehr niedrigen Eigenanteilen
auftreten, der diagnostische Wert von Eigenanteilen von 0,02% und
kleiner ist daher fraglich.
The Use of Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Vitiligo: An Updated Review
Authors: Castillo Encarna , González-Rosende María Eugenia , Martínez-Solís Isabel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVitiligo is a chronic disease of unknown etiology that causes progressive cutaneous depigmentation. Current pharmacological treatments have limited success and present significant risks. Many efforts have been made in recent years to explore new anti-vitiligo therapeutic strategies, including herbal-based therapies. The objective of the present review is to provide an updated overview on the most frequently used medicinal plants in the treatment of vitiligo. A bibliographical search was carried out in scientific databases Pubmed, Scifinder, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Medline up to October 2021 using the descriptors vitiligo, herbal, medicinal plants, and alternative therapies. In our search, the highest number of published studies comprise plants commonly used in traditional herbal medicine, highlighting the usefulness of ethnopharmacology in the discovery of new therapeutic agents. The review outlines current understanding and provides an insight into the role of psoralens and khellin (photosensitizing agents obtained from plants such as Cullen corylifolium or Ammi visnaga). The paper also describes other traditional herbs such as Ginkgo biloba, Phlebodium aureum, Piper nigrum, Picrorhiza kurroa, and Baccharoides anthelmintica that can likewise act as potential therapeutical agents. Based on our findings, photosensitizing agents in combination with phototherapy, the association of oral Phebodium aureum with phototherapies as well as oral G. biloba in monotherapy showed greater scientific evidence as therapeutic options. The research results emphasize that further investigation in this area is merited. More long-term follow up clinical trials and higher quality randomized trials are needed.
Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Specified Meta-Analyses
Authors: Behnam Susann , Timmesfeld Nina , Arabin Birgit 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To compare the impact of lifestyle interventions for overweight and obese pregnant women a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using pre-registration and audit of the interventions as selection criteria.
PubMed, Web of Science and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials examining diet, exercise, combined interventions or associated behavioral therapy. Trials were selected if they reported one of the primary outcomes (gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, perinatal mortality, admission to neonatal intensive care unit). Results were established from the total group and separately from pre-registered or clinically audited studies.
Out of 1304 titles, 28 randomized controlled trials were included. Among the primary outcomes only hypertensive disorders were significantly reduced by exercise in the total group: odds ratio 0.52 (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.96, four trials, 1324 participants). When behavioral therapy supported combined interventions, maternal weight gain, (Standardized Mean Difference −0.16 kilogram; 95% confidence interval −0.28 to −0.04, four trials, 2132 participants) and neonatal birthweight, (Standardized Mean Difference −0.4 gram; 95% confidence interval −0.62 to −0.18, five trials, 1058 participants), were significantly reduced within the total group and both specified meta-analyses. Higher frequencies of physical activity improved the results. Risk of bias, assessed with the Cochrane Tool, was low to moderate.
Elements of behavioral therapy might better prevent adverse effects of maternal obesity when combined with lifestyle interventions. Unfortunately, high heterogeneity due to different intervention and population characteristics was a limiting factor. Future studies should also focus on increased intensities of physical activity.
De-novo-thrombotische Mikroangiopathie (TMA) nach inkompatibler
AB0-Nierentransplantation
Authors: Kolb Thilo , Rump Lars Christian 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Wir berichten über einen 57-jährigen Patienten,
der in unserer Klinik zur geplanten AB0-inkompatiblen
Lebendnierentransplantation aufgenommen wurde.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose An Tag 3 post operationem bildeten sich
laborchemisch eindeutige Hinweise für eine Denovo-TMA aus. Die renale
Entgiftung stagnierte bei initialem regelrechtem Verlauf.
Therapie und Verlauf Durch den Einsatz von Eculizumab 900 mg an d3
und d10 post operationem konnten wir die TMA mit einem anhaltenden Erfolg
unterbinden.
Folgerung Zu diskutieren ist, ob ein frühzeitiger Einsatz von
Eculizumab bei V. a. De-novo-TMA ein sicherer Weg ist, eine
Transplantatdysfunktion zu unterbinden und somit die in der Literatur
beschriebene schlechte Prognose für Transplantat und Empfänger
zu verbessern.
Profound tumor response to combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibition in systemic fourth line therapy observed in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma harboring SETD2 and LRP1B mutations
Authors: Reiter Florian P. , Rau Monika , Kunzmann Volker , Kickuth Ralph , Klein Ingo , Neumann Olaf , Stenzinger Albrecht , Schirmacher Peter , Geier Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy has become the standard of care in advanced HCC but is only approved in
first- or second-line treatment. We report a patient with HCC refractory to several lines of
tyrosine kinase inhibitors, who was treated with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab (Ipi/Nivo) as
the fourth line. The tumor responded profoundly to Ipi/Nivo. Established
biomarker-predicting responses to immunotherapy, such as a high PD-L1 staining, a high combined-positive score, microsatellite instability or a high tumor mutational burden, were not detected.
Potential negative predictive markers for response to immunotherapy such as CTNNB1 and TERT were
present. This constellation puts the spotlight on two mutations observed here in the SET
domain-containing 2 (SETD2) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1b (LRP1B)
genes, which may explain the outstanding response. Our case demonstrates that immunotherapy
can be efficient in a late-line scenario, resulting in long-term survival. Further studies
should prospectively evaluate the value of SETD2 and LRP1B alterations as predictors for the
success of immunotherapy in HCC.