bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consolidative high‐dose thoracic radiotherapy for limited metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer: Focusing on oligo‐progressive disease
Authors: Kim Hakyoung , Yang Dae Sik , Kim Sun Myung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimPrior clinical data have shown a significant survival benefit of consolidative local radiotherapy for patients with limited metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of consolidative high‐dose thoracic radiotherapy on local control rates and survivals in patients with limited metastatic NSCLC, especially focusing on oligo‐progressive disease.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 45 patients with limited metastatic NSCLC who received consolidative high‐dose thoracic radiotherapy at the Korea University Guro Hospital between March 2015 and December 2020. In the current study, we included patients who showed partial response, stable disease, or oligo‐progressive disease on tumor response evaluation after systemic treatment. All patients underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy (23 patients) or intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT, 22 patients).ResultsThe median follow‐up time was 42 months (range: 5–88 months). The overall 2‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 80.7% and 88.4%, respectively. Among the 45 patients, only two patients treated with IMRT showed in‐field local recurrence. There was no local failure among the patients who showed oligo‐progressive disease after systemic treatment. In addition, the response to systemic treatment was not a significant factor for either DFS or OS rates (p = .471 and p = .414, respectively) in univariate analysis.ConclusionsConsolidative high‐dose thoracic radiotherapy improves local control rates and helps achieve long‐term survival in patients with limited metastatic NSCLC. It is also effective and should be considered in patients with oligo‐progressive disease after systemic treatment.
Oncological outcomes for encapsulated papillary carcinoma of the breast: Multicentric study of Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology breast cancer study group (TROD 06–014 study)
Authors: Gurdal Necla , Yildirim Berna Akkus , Gursel Ozge Kandemir , Ozkurt Selnur , Ibis Kamuran , Gultekin Melis , Tepetam Huseyin , Gul Sule Karabulut , Guzeloz Zeliha , Oksuz Didem Colpan , Cetin Ilknur Alsan , Yalcin Berrin , Duzova Mursel , Kanyilmaz Gul , Yavas Guler , Ozsaran Zeynep 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEncapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is a rare malignant papillary breast cancer accounting for approximately .5%–2% of all breast tumors. The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate clinicopathologic features of EPC in addition to oncological outcomes and radiotherapy (RT) details.MethodsFrom 10 different academic hospitals in Turkey, we obtained pathology reports of 80 patients with histologically confirmed EPC between 2005 and 2022. Demographic, diagnostic, and treatment data were collected from medical records, retrospectively. Local failure, distant progression, toxicity‐adverse effects, overall survival (OS), and disease‐free survival were evaluated, and survival analyzes were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsEighty patients with the diagnosis of misspelled sorry (ECP) were retrospectively evaluated. The median age of the patients was 63 (range, 35–85). After a median follow‐up of 48 (range; 6–206) months, local recurrence was observed in three patients (4%). Local recurrence was less common in the patients who received whole breast RT with a tumour bed boost (p = .025). There were not any distant metastasis or disease‐related death. RT was applied to 61% of the cases, and no treatment‐related grade 3 or higher toxicity was reported in any of the patients. Five year OS, cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and were observed as 85%, 100%, and 96%, respectively.ConclusionsECP is a rare, slow‐progressing breast carcinoma associated with good prognosis, it is a disease of elderly patient, and usually occurs in postmenopausal women. It responds extremely well to optimal local treatments and appropriate adjuvant treatments on a patient basis, and has excellent OS and CSS ratios.
Generation of humanized LDHC knock‐in mice as a tool to assess human LDHC‐targeting contraceptive drugs
Authors: Iida‐Norita Rie , Miyata Haruhiko , Kaneda Yuki , Emori Chihiro , Noda Taichi , Nakagawa Tatsuya , Matzuk Martin M. , Ikawa Masahito 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) is specifically expressed in male germ cells and plays critical roles in glycolysis. Glycolysis is required to supply energy for sperm motility. Previous studies showed that Ldhc knock‐out mice exhibit impaired sperm motility.ObjectivesWe established human LDHC knock‐in (hLDHC KI) mice and examined whether hLDHC KI mice can be used to assess LDHC‐targeting drugs.Material and methodsHLDHC was knocked‐in to the mouse Ldhc (mLdhc) allele using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Mating tests, sperm motility examinations with a computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) were performed. Furthermore, the effect of an LDH inhibitor was analyzed with CASA and IVF.ResultsHLDHC was detected at the protein level in hLDHC KI spermatozoa. hLDHC KI mice exhibited comparable sperm motility and male fertility to wild‐type (WT) mice. When we performed IVF using the LDH inhibitor more specific to hLDHC than mLDHC, fertilization rates were reduced in hLDHC KI mice but not in WT mice.Discussion and conclusionOur results reveal that hLDHC can rescue the absence of mLDHC. Differences in the effect of the LDH inhibitor between WT and hLDHC KI mice indicate that hLDHC KI mice can be a good model to assess hLDHC inhibitors for preclinical contraceptive studies.
Editorial: the impact of COVID on the management of IBD flares: different care but similar outcomes—authors' reply
Authors: Saifuddin Aamir , Kent Alexandra J. , Mehta Shameer J. , Sebastian Shaji 
Published: December 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Saifuddin et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17223 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17259
Prolonged gut microbial alterations in post‐transplant survivors of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hino Akihisa , Fukushima Kentaro , Kusakabe Shinsuke , Ueda Tomoaki , Sudo Takao , Fujita Jiro , Motooka Daisuke , Takeda Aya K. , Shinozaki Natsuko O. , Watanabe Satoshi , Yokota Takafumi , Shibayama Hirohiko , Nakamura Shota , Hosen Naoki 
Published: December 2022

SummaryDysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been reported to increase early complications after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). However, it remains unclear whether gut microbial alterations persist during late complications, such as chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD) or secondary cancers. Here, we analysed the gut microbiota of 59 patients who survived for 1–21.7 years (median, 6.4 years) after allo‐HSCT. Long‐term survivors showed lower gut microbial diversity than the age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. This decreased diversity was reflected in the reduced abundance of the butyrate‐producing bacteria. Patients with a history of grade 3 acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) exhibited higher Veillonella abundance than patients with a history of grade 1–2 or non‐aGVHD cases. The abundance of Faecalibacterium showed no decrease only in limited cGVHD cases. Additionally, the microbial structure in the secondary cancer group was significantly different (p < 0.05) from that in the non‐secondary cancer group. This study is the first to show that microbial dysbiosis is present over a 10‐year lifetime after discharge following allo‐HSCT. Our results suggest that these prolonged gut microbial alterations may be associated with the development and exacerbation of late complications in post‐transplant survivors.
The cancer epigenome: Non‐cell autonomous player in tumor immunity
Authors: Kato Shinichiro , Maeda Yuka , Sugiyama Daisuke , Watanabe Keisuke , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Hinohara Kunihiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDysregulation of the tumor‐intrinsic epigenetic circuit is a key driver event for the development of cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic and/or genetic drivers stimulate intrinsic oncogenic pathways as well as extrinsic factors that modulate the immune system. These modulations indeed shape the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing pro‐oncogenic factors to become oncogenic, thereby contributing to cancer development and progression. Here we review the epigenetic dysregulation arising in cancer cells that disseminates throughout the TME and beyond. Recent CRISPR screening has elucidated key epigenetic drivers that play important roles in the proliferation of cancer cells (intrinsic) and inhibition of antitumor immunity (extrinsic), which lead to the development and progression of cancer. These epigenetic players can serve as promising targets for cancer therapy as a dual (two‐in‐one)‐targeted approach. Considering the interplay between cancer and the immune system as a key determinant of immunotherapy, we discuss a novel lineage‐tracing technology that enables longitudinal monitoring of cancer and immune phenotypic heterogeneity and fate paths during cancer development, progression, and therapeutic interventions.
Landscape of short‐acting beta‐agonists (SABA) overuse in Europe
Authors: de las Vecillas Leticia , Quirce Santiago 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis review article provides an overview of short‐acting beta‐agonist (SABA) use and prescribing trends in Europe, summarizing updated data on the results from the industry‐funded SABINA program (SABA use IN asthma) and other studies on this matter. SABA use continues to increase worldwide. Overuse has been defined as ≥3 canisters/year. Almost a third of European patients with asthma, at all severity levels, overuse SABA. Guidelines recommend close monitoring of patients who overuse SABA and avoiding over‐reliance on SABA monotherapy. SABA overuse is associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations and mortality, increased use of health services and negative physical and mental health outcomes. Reliance on SABA monotherapy can be unsafe and therefore it is necessary to change asthma treatment approaches and policies. Changes in physician and patient behaviours towards SABA use are required to ensure that patients with asthma are not over‐reliant on SABA monotherapy. Notwithstanding, the limitations of the studies on the use of SABA should be considered, taking into account that the prescription/purchase of medication canisters does not always represent the actual use of the medication and that associations between SABA overuse and poor asthma outcomes may not be directly causal. National health systems and asthma guidelines must align asthma management with global recommendations and adjust them to local needs.
Effects of APOE ε2 allele on basal forebrain functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Liu Xiaocao , Zeng Qingze , Luo Xiao , Li Kaicheng , Xu Xiaopei , Hong Luwei , Li Jixuan , Guan Xiaojun , Xu Xiaojun , Huang Peiyu , Zhang Min‐Ming ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBasal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) dysfunction is associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 is a protective genetic factor in AD and MCI, and cholinergic sprouting depends on APOE.ObjectiveWe investigated the effect of the APOE ε2 allele on BFCS functional connectivity (FC) in cognitively normal (CN) subjects and MCI patients.MethodWe included 60 MCI patients with APOE ε3/ε3, 18 MCI patients with APOE ε2/ε3, 73 CN subjects with APOE ε3/ε3, and 36 CN subjects with APOE ε2/ε3 genotypes who had resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We used BFCS subregions (Ch1‐3 and Ch4) as seeds and calculated the FC with other brain areas. Using a mixed‐effect analysis, we explored the interaction effects of APOE ε2 allele × cognitive status on BFCS‐FC. Furthermore, we examined the relationships between imaging metrics, cognitive abilities, and AD pathology markers, controlling for sex, age, and education as covariates.ResultsAn interaction effect on functional connectivity was found between the right Ch4 (RCh4) and left insula (p < 0.05, corrected), and between the RCh4 and left Rolandic operculum (p < 0.05, corrected). Among all subjects and APOE ε2 carriers, RCh4‐left Insula FC was associated with early tau deposition. Furthermore, no correlation was found between imaging metrics and amyloid burden. Among all subjects and APOE ε2 carriers, FC metrics were associated with cognitive performance.ConclusionThe APOE ε2 genotype may play a protective role during BFCS degeneration in MCI.
Enlarged perivascular spaces are associated with decreased brain tau deposition
Authors: Kang Koung Mi , Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Lee Kyung Hoon , Kim Min Jung , Ahn Hyejin , Jung Gijung , Lee Jun‐Young , Kim Yu Kyeong , Lee Yun‐Sang , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Lee Dong Young ,   for the KBASE Research Group
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the associations of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) in the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CSO) with beta‐amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition in older adults with a diverse cognitive spectrum.MethodsA total of 163 (68 cognitively normal and 95 cognitively impaired) older participants underwent [11C] Pittsburgh compound B and [18F] AV‐1451 PET, and MRI. EPVS in the BG and CSO and other small vessel disease markers, such as white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and deep and lobar microbleeds, were assessed.ResultsIncreased EPVS in the BG showed a significant association with lower cerebral tau deposition, even after controlling for other small vessel disease markers. Further exploratory analyses showed that this association was significant in cognitively impaired, Aβ‐positive, or APOE4‐positive individuals, but not significant in the cognitively normal, Aβ‐negative, or APOE4‐negative participants. In contrast to EPVS in the BG, EPVS in the CSO did not have any relationship with cerebral tau deposition. In addition, none of the two types of EPVS were associated with cerebral Aβ deposition.ConclusionBrain tau deposition appears to be reduced with increased EPVS in the BG, especially in individuals with cognitive impairment, pathological amyloid burden, or genetic Alzheimer's disease risk.
State of the art – Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to thoracic transplantation
Authors: Orozco‐Hernandez Erik , DeLay Thomas Kurt , Gongora Enrique , Bellot Chris , Rusanov Victoria , Wille Keith , Tallaj Jose , Pamboukian Salpy , Kaleekal Thomas , Mcelwee Sam , Hoopes Charles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has revolutionized the treatment of refractory cardiac and respiratory failure, and its use continues to increase, particularly in adults. However, ECMO‐related morbidity and mortality remain high.Main TextIn this review, we investigate and expand upon the current state of the art in thoracic transplant and extracorporeal life support (ELS). In particular, we examine recent increase in incidence of heart transplant in patients supported by ECMO; the potential changes in patient care and selection for transplant in the years prior to updated United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) organ allocation guidelines versus those in the years following, particularly where these guidelines pertain to ECMO; and the newly revived practice of heart‐lung block transplants (HLT) and the prevalence and utility of ECMO support in patients listed for HLT.ConclusionsOur findings highlight encouraging outcomes in patients bridged to transplant with ECMO, considerable changes in treatment surrounding the updated UNOS guidelines, and complex, diverse outcomes among different centers in their care for increasingly ill patients listed for thoracic transplant.
Local resource reliance of juvenile fish in small lakes
Authors: Nease Patricia , Höök Tomas O. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractJuvenile stages of fishes are frequently bottlenecks to recruitment. Habitat use of early life stages and the extent to which fish rely on local resources may affect how they respond to habitat loss and alterations, with important implications for habitat management. To investigate the potential for prolonged reliance on local resources, we quantified stable isotope ratios (δ13 carbon, δ15 nitrogen, δ18 oxygen and δ2 hydrogen) of young‐of‐year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and isotope ratios of locally collected water and potential prey across three study components, a controlled pond experiment, a multi‐lake survey and a detailed single‐lake survey. Across study components, we observed habitat and site fidelity of YOY largemouth bass in mid‐summer, demonstrated by distinct spatial differences in young bass stable isotope ratios. Additionally, we observed significant, positive correlations between δ13C of YOY largemouth bass and δ13C of locally collected invertebrates and small bluegill Lepomis macrochirus in the single lake survey, suggesting localised foraging. Later in summer, spatial differences in largemouth bass stable isotope ratios were not apparent, indicating a transition to more spatially integrated foraging. Prior to switch to piscivory, YOY largemouth bass rely on local resources indicating that they may be more susceptible, both positively and negatively, to hyper‐local changes in forage availability or disturbances. This study demonstrates that stable isotope ratios allow for differentiating environmental experiences among young fish in relatively close proximity in small freshwater systems. Moreover, high spatial variation of consumer stable isotope ratios demonstrates the importance of considering spatial heterogeneity in stable isotope studies.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Hoeynck Brian W. , Cohen Adam D. , Stadtmauer Edward A. , Susanibar‐Adaniya Sandra P. , Vogl Dan T. , Waxman Adam J. , Bardsley Mark , Le Samantha , LaMaestra Lexis , Garfall Alfred L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of the JC virus in the context of immune suppression such as HIV, malignancy, and certain immunomodulatory medications. PML has been reported only rarely in multiple myeloma patients, and its presenting features and natural history in this population are not well known. We describe six cases of PML among multiple myeloma patients treated at our institution between 2013 and 2022, including two that developed on or shortly after treatment with recently developed BCMA‐directed immunotherapies.
Scale of population synchrony confirms macroecological estimates of minimum viable range size
Authors: Carvajal‐Quintero Juan , Comte Lise , Giam Xingli , Olden Julian D. , Brose Ulrich , Erős Tibor , Filipe Ana Filipa , Fortin Marie‐Josée , Irving Katie , Jacquet Claire , Larsen Stefano , Ruhi Albert , Sharma Sapna , Villalobos Fabricio , Tedesco Pablo A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobal ecosystems are facing a deepening biodiversity crisis, necessitating robust approaches to quantifying species extinction risk. The lower limit of the macroecological relationship between species range and body size has long been hypothesized as an estimate of the relationship between the minimum viable range size (MVRS) needed for species persistence and the organismal traits that affect space and resource requirements. Here, we perform the first explicit test of this assumption by confronting the MVRS predicted by the range‐body size relationship with an independent estimate based on the scale of synchrony in abundance among spatially separated populations of riverine fish. We provide clear evidence of a positive relationship between the scale of synchrony and species body size, and strong support for the MVRS set by the lower limit of the range‐body size macroecological relationship. This MVRS may help prioritize first evaluations for unassessed or data‐deficient taxa in global conservation assessments.
Photovoltaic power combination prediction system based on improved multi‐objective optimization algorithm and nonlinear weighting strategy
Authors: Wang Jianzhou , Guo Honggang , Song Aiyi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe large‐scale connection of photovoltaic (PV) power generation to the power grid introduces considerable challenges to the grid's stable operation. To ensure grid stability, the key is to improve the accuracy of PV power prediction. Currently, PV power prediction is primarily dependent on single‐model construction, which ignores the role of data processing technologies, thus resulting in inadequate prediction performance. Accordingly, in this study, a combined prediction system is developed by integrating advanced deep learning algorithms and data processing techniques to improve the accuracy of PV power prediction. In addition, a nonlinear weighting strategy based on an improved multi‐objective dragonfly optimization algorithm (IMODA) is proposed to determine the final prediction result. In the IMODA, cloud model generator, tent mapping, and Pareto solution selection strategy based on knee points are introduced to resolve the defects of the original algorithm. The performance of the proposed combined system was scientifically evaluated and analysed by considering the PV power datasets of four seasons in Belgium as an example. The mean absolute percentage errors of the proposed system on the four datasets are 4.0198, 4.7943, 4.3587, and 5.9286. These values indicate an improvement range of 5%–30% compared with the errors of other benchmark models.
An evaluation of Montana's child welfare court pre‐hearing conference pilot project
Authors: Summers Alicia , Kirshenbaum Jacqueline 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPre‐hearing conferences are a form of alternative dispute resolution that have been implemented into the child welfare court process. Montana recently piloted a pre‐hearing conference model to occur before the first hearing on the case. The goal of the pilot was to increase discussion and resolution of contested visitation, placement, and service issues and to better engage parents in the process. Data were collected across multiple years to explore the effectiveness of the pilot in improving outcomes for children and families. Analysis of the data revealed a positive relationship between program implementation and timelier permanency. Parents who attend and have higher levels of participation in the pre‐hearing conference are also more likely to reunify.
Mixed‐mode I/II fracture properties and failure characteristics of microwave‐irradiated basalt: An experimental study
Authors: Yang Zheng , Yin Tubing , Wu You , Zhuang Dengdeng , Yin Jiewen , Ma Jiexin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe notched semicircular bending samples with different microwave irradiations were subjected to 3‐point bending fracture tests under mixed‐mode I/II loading to investigate the effects of microwave irradiation on the fracture characteristics of basalt. Influences of the irradiation duration on the temperature, P‐wave velocity, and mixed‐mode I/II fracture characteristics under 2 kW power were studied. The acoustic emission device was utilized to monitor the acoustic emission signals during the destruction process. The P‐wave velocity and equivalent fracture toughness are weakened by microwave irradiation, but the ductility of basalt is enhanced by microwave irradiation. The microscopic characteristics of the treated basalts were observed by scanning electron microscope. Microwave irradiation aggravated the creation and propagation of microcracks and pores. The study of the influence of microwave irradiation on mixed‐mode I/II fracture characteristics of rock provides effective theoretical support for microwave‐assisted rock fragmentation.