bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment effect modifiers for individuals with acute low back pain: secondary analysis of the TARGET trial
Authors: Beneciuk Jason M. , George Steven Z. , Patterson Charity G. , Smith Clair N. , Brennan Gerard P. , Wegener Stephen T. , Roseen Eric J. , Saper Robert B. , Delitto Anthony 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Treatment effect modifiers identify patient characteristics associated with treatment responses. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to identify potential treatment effect modifiers for disability from the TARGET trial that compared usual care (control) with usual care + psychologically informed physical therapy (PIPT). The sample consisted of a STarT Back tool identified high-risk patients with acute low back pain that completed Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) data at index visit and 6 months later (n = 1250). Candidate treatment effect modifiers were identified a priori and informed by the literature. Linear mixed models tested for treatment effect modification through tests of statistical interaction. All statistical interactions (P ≤ 0.20) were stratified by modifier to inspect for specific effects (P ≤ 0.05). Smoking was identified as a potential effect modifier (treatment * smoking interaction, P = 0.08). In participants who were smokers, the effect of PIPT was (ODI = 5.5; 95% CI: 0.6-10.4; P = 0.03) compared with usual care. In participants who were nonsmokers, the effect of PIPT was (ODI = 1.5; 95% CI: −1.4 to 4.4; P = 0.31) compared with usual care. Pain medication was also identified as a potential effect modifier (treatment × pain medication interaction, P = 0.10). In participants prescribed ≥3 pain medications, the effect of PIPT was (ODI = 7.1; 95% CI: −0.1 to 14.2; P = 0.05) compared with usual care. The PIPT effect for participants prescribed no pain medication was (ODI = 3.5; 95% CI: −0.4 to 7.4; P = 0.08) and for participants prescribed 1 to 2 pain medications was (ODI = 0.6; 95% CI: −2.5 to 3.7; P = 0.70) when compared with usual care. These findings may be used for generating hypotheses and planning future clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of tailored application of PIPT.
Gearing Up for a Vaccine Requirement: A Mixed Methods Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Among Workers at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Mahoney Megan , Winget Marcy , Brown-Johnson Cati , de Borba Lindsay , Veruttipong Darlene , Luu Jacklyn , Jones David , Bohman Bryan , Vilendrer Stacie 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY

Goal:
Assessing barriers to vaccination among healthcare workers may be particularly important given their roles in their respective communities. We conducted a mixed methods study to explore healthcare worker perspectives on receiving COVID-19 vaccines at a large multisite academic medical center.

Methods:
A total of 5,917 employees completed the COVID-19 vaccine confidence survey (20% response rate). Most participants were vaccinated (93%). Compared to vaccinated participants, unvaccinated participants were younger (60% < 44 years), more likely to be from a non-Asian minority group (48%), and more likely to be nonclinical employees (57% vs. 46%). Among the unvaccinated respondents, 53% indicated they would be influenced by their healthcare provider, while 19% reported that nothing would influence them to get vaccinated. Key perceived barriers to vaccination from the qualitative analysis included the need for more long-term safety and efficacy data, a belief in the right to make an individual choice, mistrust, a desire for greater public health information, personal health concerns, circumstances such as prior COVID-19 infection, and access issues.

Principal Findings:
Strategies endorsed by some participants to address their concerns about safety and access included a communication campaign, personalized medicine approaches (e.g., individual appointments to discuss how the vaccine might interact with personal health conditions), and days off to recover. Mistrust and a belief in the right to make an individual choice may be harder barriers to overcome; further dialogue is needed.

Applications to Practice:
These findings reflect potential strategies for vaccine requirements that healthcare organizations can implement to enhance vaccine confidence. In addition, organizations can ask respected health professionals to serve as spokespeople, which may help shift the perspectives of unvaccinated healthcare workers.
Association of Preference and Frequency of Teleworking with Work Functioning Impairment
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Nagata Tomohisa , Tateishi Seiichiro , Hino Ayako , Tsuji Mayumi , Ikegami Kazunori , Muramatsu Keiji , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: May 2022

Objective
We examined whether teleworking preference and frequency were associated with work functioning impairment.

Methods
This online cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 27,036 full-time Japanese workers. The Work Functioning Impairment Scale was used to measure work functioning impairment, and we performed multilevel logistic regression analysis

Results
Higher odds ratios for work functioning impairment were observed among employees who preferred to telework compared with those who preferred working in the workplace. A similar trend was observed among employees who teleworked four or more days a week compared with those who almost never teleworked. When teleworking preference and frequency were adjusted, only teleworking preference was associated with work functioning impairment.

Conclusions
A preference for teleworking was associated with work functioning impairment and one factor that increased the teleworking frequency.
Physiological Effects of Wearing N95 Respirator on Medical Staff During Prolong Work Hours in Covid-19 Departments
Authors: Shechtman Liran , ben-Haim Gal , Ben-Zvi Ilan , Steel Laurence , Ironi Avinoah , Huszti Ella , Chatterji Sumit , Levy Liran 
Published: May 2022

Objective
The objective of the current study was to determine gas exchange abnormalities and physiological changes among healthcare workers during a 4-hour emergency department (ED) shift while wearing the N95 respirator.

Methods
Single-center prospective observational study. Comparisons of paired measurements were performed using a non-parametric Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. Results: Forty-one subjects were included. Prolonged N95 respirator use was associated with a significant decline in plasma pH (7.35 mmHg vs 7.34 mmHg, P = 0.02), PvO2 (23.2 mmHg vs 18.6 mmHg, P < 0.001) and a concurrent increase in EtCO2 (32.5 mmHg vs 38.5 mmHg, P < 0.0001). PvCO2 and bicarbonate levels did not differ. No significant change was observed for heart rate or oxygen saturation.

Conclusion
Using an N95 respirator for prolonged periods by healthcare professionals may provoke changes in gas exchange. The clinical significance of these changes remains to be determined.
A Pilot Study of Intensive Locomotor-Related Skill Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Evans Nicholas H. , Field-Fote Edelle C. 
Published: May 2022

Background and Purpose:
Improved walking function is a priority among persons with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury (PwMISCI). Accessibility and cost limit long-term participation in locomotor training offered in specialized centers. Intensive motor training that facilitates neuroplastic mechanisms that support skill learning and can be implemented in the home/community may be advantageous for promoting long-term restoration of walking function. Additionally, increasing corticospinal drive via transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance training effects. In this pilot study, we investigated whether a moderate-intensity motor skill training (MST) circuit improved walking function in PwMISCI and whether augmenting training with tDCS influenced outcomes.

Methods:
Twenty-five adults (chronic, motor-incomplete spinal cord injury) were randomized to a 3-day intervention of a locomotor-related MST circuit and concurrent application of sham tDCS (MST+tDCSsham) or active tDCS (MST+tDCS). The primary outcome was overground walking speed. Secondary outcomes included walking distance, cadence, stride length, and step symmetry index (SI).

Results:
Analyses revealed significant effects of the MST circuit on walking speed, walking distance, cadence, and bilateral stride length but no effect on interlimb SI. No significant between-groups differences were observed. Post hoc analyses revealed within-groups change in walking speed (ΔM = 0.13 m/s, SD = 0.13) that app-roached the minimally clinically important difference of 0.15 m/s.

Discussion and Conclusions:
Brief, intensive MST involving locomotor-related activities significantly increased walking speed, walking distance, and spatiotemporal measures in PwMISCI. Significant additive effects of tDCS were not observed; however, participation in only 3 days of MST was associated with changes in walking speed that were comparable to longer locomotor training studies.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A386).
Epidemiology of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Prospective, Multicenter, International Cohort Study
Authors: De Luca Daniele , Tingay David G. , van Kaam Anton H. , Courtney Sherry E. , Kneyber Martin C. J. , Tissieres Pierre , Tridente Ascanio , Rimensberger Peter C. , Pillow J. Jane ,   for the Neonatal ARDS Project Collaboration Group
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Age-specific definitions for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are available, including a specific definition for neonates (the “Montreux definition”). The epidemiology of neonatal ARDS is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal ARDS.

DESIGN:
Prospective, international, observational, cohort study.

SETTING:
Fifteen academic neonatal ICUs.

PATIENTS:
Consecutive sample of neonates of any gestational age admitted to participating sites who met the neonatal ARDS Montreux definition criteria.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Neonatal ARDS was classified as direct or indirect, infectious or noninfectious, and perinatal (≤ 72 hr after birth) or late in onset. Primary outcomes were: 1) survival at 30 days from diagnosis, 2) inhospital survival, and 3) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-free survival at 30 days from diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included respiratory complications and common neonatal extrapulmonary morbidities. A total of 239 neonates met criteria for the diagnosis of neonatal ARDS. The median prevalence was 1.5% of neonatal ICU admissions with male/female ratio of 1.5. Respiratory treatments were similar across gestational ages. Direct neonatal ARDS (51.5% of neonates) was more common in term neonates and the perinatal period. Indirect neonatal ARDS was often triggered by an infection and was more common in preterm neonates. Thirty-day, inhospital, and 30-day ECMO-free survival were 83.3%, 76.2%, and 79.5%, respectively. Direct neonatal ARDS was associated with better survival outcomes than indirect neonatal ARDS. Direct and noninfectious neonatal ARDS were associated with the poorest respiratory outcomes at 36 and 40 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Gestational age was not associated with any primary outcome on multivariate analyses.

CONCLUSIONS:
Prevalence and survival of neonatal ARDS are similar to those of pediatric ARDS. The neonatal ARDS subtypes used in the current definition may be associated with distinct clinical outcomes and a different distribution for term and preterm neonates.
Inferior and Superior Vena Cava Saturation Monitoring After Neonatal Cardiac Surgery*
Authors: Law Mark A. , Benscoter Alexis L. , Borasino Santiago , Dewan Maya , Rahman A. K. M. Fazlur , Loomba Rohit S. , Hock Kristal M. , Alten Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Superior vena cava oxygen saturation (SVC O2) monitoring is well described for early detection of hemodynamic deterioration after neonatal cardiac surgery but inferior vena cava vein oxygen saturation (IVC O2) monitoring data are limited.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study of 118 neonates with congenital heart disease (52 single ventricle) from February 2008 to January 2014.

SETTING:
Pediatric cardiac ICU.

PATIENTS:
Neonates (< 30 d) with concurrent admission IVC O2 and SVC O2 measurements after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The primary aim was to correlate admission IVC O2 and SVC O2. Secondary aims included: correlate flank or cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy with IVC O2 and SVC O2, respectively, and exploratory analysis to evaluate associations between oximetry data and a composite adverse outcome defined as any of the following: increasing serum lactate or vasoactive support at 2 hours post-admission, cardiac arrest, or mortality. Admission IVC O2 and SVC O2 correlated (r = 0.54; p < 0.001). However, IVC O2 measurements were significantly lower than paired SVC O2 (mean difference, –6%; 95% CI, –8% to –4%; p < 0.001) with wide variability in sample agreement. Logistic regression showed that each 12% decrease in IVC O2 was associated with a 12-fold greater odds of the composite adverse outcome (odds ratio [OR], 12; 95% CI, 3.9–34; p < 0.001). We failed to find an association between SVC O2 and increased odds of the composite adverse outcome (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 0.99–3.3; p = 0.053). In an exploratory analysis, the area under the receiver operating curve for IVC O2 and SVC O2, and the composite adverse outcome, was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.77–0.92) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.52–0.73), respectively. Admission IVC O2 had strong correlation with concurrent flank near-infrared spectroscopy value (r = 0.74; p < 0.001). SVC O2 had a weak association with cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (r = 0.22; p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS:
In postoperative neonates, admission IVC O2 and SVC O2 correlate. Lower admission IVC O2 may identify a cohort of postsurgical neonates at risk for low cardiac output and associated morbidity.
Causes of Nurses' Second Victim Distress: An Objective Analysis
Authors: Kim Sun-Aee , Kim Eun-Mi , Lee Ju-Ry 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Unanticipated adverse events could harm not only patients and families but also health care professionals. These people are defined as second victims. Second victim distress (SVD) refers to physical, emotional, and professional problems of health care professionals. While positive patient safety cultures (PSCs) are associated with reducing severity of SVD, there is a dearth of research on the association between PSCs and SVD and the mediation effects in those associations.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between PSCs and SVD and verify the multiple mediation effects of colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study using a self-report questionnaire was conducted among 296 nurses in South Korea. The participants were selected by quota sampling in 41 departments including general wards, intensive care units, etc. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression, and multiple mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and the PROCESS macros.

Results:
Nonpunitive response to errors, communication openness, and colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports had negative correlations with SVD (Ps < .05). In the multiple mediation model, a nonpunitive response to error showed a significant direct effect on SVD (direct effect β = −.26, P < .001). Colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports showed a significant indirect effect between nonpunitive response to error and SVD; colleague (indirect effect β [Boot LLCI-Boot ULCI] = −.03 [−0.06 to −0.00]), supervisor (.03[0.00 to 0.07]), and institutional support (−.04 [−0.07 to −0.01]).

Conclusion:
The study suggests that establishing nonpunitive organizational cultures is an effective strategy to reduce SVD. The findings highlight the importance of promoting programs that strengthen PSCs in hospitals and prioritizing support resources to reduce SVD among nurses.
Coordination issues in managing the reverse supply chain: a systematic literature review and future research directions
Authors: Agrawal Saurabh , Kumar Dharmendra , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Singh Raj Kumar 
Published: May 2022

PurposeReverse supply chain (RSC) is one of the ways to handle product returns efficiently. Recovery of residual value from product returns also helps in achieving sustainability. Its successful implementation requires coordination among all the channel members involved in the activities, from the acquisition to collection to the disposition of returned products. This article aims to review the literature about coordination issues in the RSC.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review of 151 articles published during 2004–2021 is carried out. Theory, context and methodology (TCM) framework of the literature review is used to identify the research gaps for future research directions.FindingsThis study identifies the characteristics of RSC coordination. It includes channel structures; coordination mechanisms; performance measuring parameters; the methodology applied and explored industries. The review shows that game-theoretical modeling in RSC coordination is the most commonly used method to coordinate the channels. It was found that issues like disruption, fairness and corporate social responsibility are not explored in-depth and offer much potential for future research.Originality/valueThere are very limited studies on coordination issues in the RSC. The proposed articles add value by considering RSC issues from different strategic, government, consumers' behavior and functionality decision-making point of view.
The use of finite elements modeling to analyze phase shifting transformer in steady-state service conditions
Authors: Ciesielski Marcel , Witczak Pawel Zygmunt 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to find a fast-acting numerical model of the phase shifter.

Design/methodology/approach
The 3D FE model of the investigated unit is presented and compared with the results of the measurements. Due to its size, it is not suitable for transient analyses. The simplified 2D finite elements approach is discussed afterwards, with the identity of the magnetic energy stored in both models as the criterion of similarity between 2D and 3D models.

Findings
The introduction of scaling factors for the magnetic permeability values in particular volumes of the two-transformer set of the phase shifter enabled acceptable accuracy in calculations of the basic exploitation parameters of the phase shifter.

Research limitations/implications
The developed methodology allows the analysis of the exploitation conditions of two separated transformers connected in a power grid inside the single finite elements model.

Originality/value
Although the numerical models of power transformers are extensively discussed in the literature, the usage of the equivalent fast 2D model for the representation of two cooperating transformers at load conditions was not published yet.
CSR, marketing capabilities and human resource development: the endogenous role of network capabilities
Authors: Binh Tu Van , Duong Linh Nguyen Khanh , Thy Ngo Giang , Khoa Huynh Dang 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationship between human resource development (HRD) and the interaction between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and marketing capabilities in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the food industry.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses the extended regression model on a sample of 2,649 food SMEs in Vietnam.

Findings
This research found that CSR and marketing strategies positively influence HRD; the interaction of CSR and marketing capabilities has a negative effect on HRD; the endogenous role of network capabilities on the effects of CSR and marketing capabilities on HRD.

Originality/value
This research helps food companies use their resources in allocating resources for CSR and conduct marketing reasonably and effectively. This study highlights that the impact of CSR and marketing on HRD is dominated by endogenous networking.
Investigating critical failure drivers of construction project at planning stage in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsulamy Saleh 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to identify the constraints and restrictions and their impact on the construction projects in Saudi Arabia from three key participants' perspectives for the planning stage.Design/methodology/approachUsing a descriptive-analytical approach, this research described and analyzed the frequency and severity of failure factors in construction projects in the planning stage using a five-Likert scale questionnaire in Saudi Arabia construction between 2019 and 2020. A total of 100 experts from contractors, consultants and owners were included in the study.FindingsThe findings have shown that time dispute was the major factor affecting the projects to be failed. Similarly, cost overrun and total abandonment have an impact on project failures. The findings have indicated that government officials were involved in delaying the projects while contractors also failed in the project deliveries.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research is needed to investigate the relationship between failure characteristics and project success measures in the same stage, in addition to, factors of failure for construction projects' life-cycle stages.Originality/valueThe findings have indicated that government officials were involved in delaying the projects while contractors also failed in the project deliveries.
Taking the lead in misinformation-related conversations in social media networks during a mass shooting crisis
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Britt Brian C. , Kanthawala Shaheen 
Published: May 2022

PurposeMisinformation (i.e. information identified as false) spreads widely and quickly on social media – a space where crowds of ordinary citizens can become leading voices – during a crisis when information is in short supply. Using the theoretical lenses of socially curated flow and networked gatekeeping frameworks, we address the following three aims: First, we identify emergent opinion leaders in misinformation-related conversations on social media. Second, we explore distinct groups that contribute to online discourses about misinformation. Lastly, we investigate the actual dominance of misinformation within disparate groups in the early phases of mass shooting crises.Design/methodology/approachThis paper used network and cluster analyses of Twitter data that focused on the four most prevalent misinformation themes surrounding the El Paso mass shooting.FindingsA total of seven clusters of users emerged, which were classified into five categories: (1) boundary-spanning hubs, (2) broadly popular individuals, (3) reputation-building hubs, (4) locally popular individuals and (5) non-opinion leaders. Additionally, a content analysis of 128 tweets in six clusters, excluding the cluster of non-opinion leaders, further demonstrated that the opinion leaders heavily focused on reiterating and propagating misinformation (102 out of 128 tweets) and collectively made zero corrective tweets.Originality/valueThese findings expand the intellectual understanding of how various types of opinion leaders can shape the flow of (mis)information in a crisis. Importantly, this study provides new insights into the role of trans-boundary opinion leaders in creating an echo chamber of misinformation by serving as bridges between otherwise fragmented discourses.