bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Outcome Analysis of Transforaminal Interbody Fusion with Transpedicular Screws and Rods in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis and Spondylolysis
Authors: Mahantshetti Prakash , Soraganvi Prasad , Raju Rayadurg Palegar Raghavendra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction The management of spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis is primarily conservative or surgical. There are various surgical procedures available for spondylolisthesis.
Objective To evaluate the functional outcome and efficacy in patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with transpedicular screws and rods in symptomatic lumbar spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis.
Methods From 2017 to 2018, a prospective observational study was performed in a tertiary care hospital. The preoperative evaluation was performed both clinically and radiologically. Based on indications, transforaminal interbody fusion was performed. A total sample of 20 patients was included. The primary outcome variables were the visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), slip percentage, and disc height at follow-up. For the statistical analysis, coGuide (BDSS CORP, Bangalore, Karnataka, India) was used.
Results In 20 participants studied, the mean age was 48.25 ± 5.35 years old. Degenerative spondylolisthesis was seen in 60% of the participants. The majority (70%) of the patients had grade 2 slips. The mean difference of the VAS, the ODI, slip percentage, and disc height between the preoperative and postoperative periods was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The majority (70%) of the patients had no complications after the procedure.
Conclusions Transforaminal interbody fusion with pedicle screws and rods is a safe, simple procedure and has less morbidity. This procedure also provides better functional outcomes and reduction in symptoms by maintaining the disc height and providing sagittal balance.
The Level of Knowledge of Dental Profession Students of Universitas Airlangga on Leukoplakia as an Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder: An Observational Analytic Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dewi Rosalyn Surya , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti , Winias Saka , Radithia Desiana , Zain Rosnah binti , Ahmada Rafdan Affan , Nola Anggrarista Kelvin Alfan , Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Some oral cancers are preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), clinically and histologically characterized by epithelial dysplasia. Leukoplakia is one of the OPMDs which clinically categorized into homogenous and nonhomogenous. Nonhomogeneous leukoplakia has a higher potential for malignant change. Therefore, dentists are required to recognize leukoplakia early during an oral (visual) examination, and this competency must be one of the requirements before graduation.
Objective This study aimed to understand the level of knowledge of the dental undergraduate students about leukoplakia as an OPMD.
Methods This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. Data were collected via a questionnaire survey conducted using Google Forms. The total score was divided into high (9–12), medium (5–8), and low (0–4). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 using comparative analysis Mann–Whitney techniques test.
Results A total of 180 dental profession students completed the questionnaire. Of these, 74 (41.40%) respondents were 22 years old, and 146 (81.10%) respondents were female. A high level of knowledge was achieved by 130 (72.20%) respondents, with each revealing 68 respondents from the 2019 batch and 62 from the 2018 batch, 49 (27.20%) respondents with a medium level of knowledge with 26 from the 2018 batch and 23 from the 2019 batch, and 1 respondent (0.60%) from the 2019 batch with a low level of knowledge. The results showed a p-value of 0.211.
Conclusion There is no significant difference between the levels of knowledge of dental profession students in Universitas Airlangga batches 2018 and 2019 with regard to leukoplakia as an OPMD.
Comparison of lasing characteristics of GaN microdisks with different structures
Authors: Zi Hui , Fu Wai Yuen , Cheung Yuk Fai , Damilano Benjamin , Frayssinet Eric , Alloing Blandine , Duboz Jean-Yves , Boucaud Philippe , Semond Fabrice , Choi Hoi Wai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The lasing characteristics of optically-pumped GaN microdisks of different configurations, including microdisks with undercuts, microdisks with cladding layers and thin-film microdisks are investigated in this paper. The microdisks, fabricated from a range of epitaxial structures containing blue-light emitting InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells grown on Si, sapphire or GaN substrates, undergo different processes to form 8 µm diameter whispering-gallery mode microdisks with different degrees of optical confinement. The microdisks have lasing thresholds ranging from 2.1–8.3 mJ cm−2 and quality factors of 1400–4200. The lasing characteristics are correlated to the material qualities, optical confinement as well as the overlap of the mode with the multi-quantum wells in the microdisk structures. The undercut microdisks benefit from high optical confinement factors but poor overlap factor, while the thin film structures have high overlap factors but low confinement due to absorption by the metallic bonding layers. The findings provide useful insight on ways to optimize GaN microdisk for improving lasing performances.
Enhanced electronic and optical properties of multi-layer arsenic via strain engineering
Authors: Bai Lingling , Gao Yifan , Hu Peiju , Zhang Runqing , Wen Minru , Zhang Xin , Wu Fugen , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Dong Huafeng , Zhang Gang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Solar cell is a kind of devices for renewable and environmentally friendly energy conversion. One of the important things for solar cells is conversion efficiency. While much attention has been drawn to improving efficiency, the role of strain engineering in two-dimensional materials is not yet well-understood. Here, we propose a Pmc21-As monolayer that can be used as a solar cell absorbing material. The bandgap of single-layer Pmc21-As can be tuned from 1.83 to 0 eV by applying tensile strain, while keeping the direct bandgap characteristic. Moreover, it has high light absorption efficiency in the visible and near-infrared regions, which demonstrates a great advantage for improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells. Based on the tunable electronic and optical properties, a novel design strategy for solar cells with a wide absorption range and high absorption efficiency is suggested. Our results not only have direct implication in strain effect on two-dimensional materials, but also give a possible concept for improving the solar cell performance.
Remarks on sparseness and regularity of Navier–Stokes solutions
Authors: Albritton Dallas , Bradshaw Zachary 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The goal of this paper is twofold. First, we give a simple proof that sufficiently sparse Navier–Stokes solutions do not develop singularities. This provides an alternative to the approach of (Grujić 2013 Nonlinearity
26 289–96), which is based on analyticity and the ‘harmonic measure maximum principle’. Second, we analyse the claims in (Bradshaw et al 2019 Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal.
231 1983–2005; Grujić and Xu 2019 arXiv:1911.00974) that a priori estimates on the sparseness of the vorticity and higher velocity derivatives reduce the ‘scaling gap’ in the regularity problem.
Non relativistic and ultra relativistic limits in 2D stochastic nonlinear damped Klein–Gordon equation
Authors: Fukuizumi Reika , Hoshino Masato , Inui Takahisa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the non relativistic and ultra relativistic limits in the two-dimensional nonlinear damped Klein–Gordon equation driven by a space-time white noise on the torus. In order to take the limits, it is crucial to clarify the parameter dependence in the estimates of solution. In this paper we present two methods to confirm this parameter dependence. One is the classical, simple energy method. Another is the method via Strichartz estimates.
Stratified Boussinesq equations with a velocity damping term
Authors: Kim Junha , Lee Jihoon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider an initial value problem of the multi-dimensional Boussinesq equations with velocity damping for strongly stratified fluids. We prove the global-in-time existence of the classical solution to the stratified damped Boussinesq equations with initial data near the stationary stratified solution

(

v

s

,

ρ

s

,

p

s

)

=

(

0
,
…
,
0
,

x

d

,

x

d

2

/
2

)

. We also show the asymptotic stability of the solutions near the stratified solution and obtain the temporal decay for the fluid velocity and the temperature by providing estimates for the Green function associated with the linear operator in any dimension.
Bi-Hamiltonian structure of Sutherland models coupled to two

u(n)*

-valued spins from Poisson reduction
Authors: Fehér L 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We introduce a bi-Hamiltonian hierarchy on the cotangent bundle of the real Lie group

GL

(

n
,
C

)

, and study its Poisson reduction with respect to the action of the product group U(n) × U(n) arising from left- and right-multiplications. One of the pertinent Poisson structures is the canonical one, while the other is suitably transferred from the real Heisenberg double of

GL

(

n
,
C

)

. When taking the quotient of

T

*

GL

(

n
,
C

)

we focus on the dense open subset of

GL

(

n
,
C

)

whose elements have pairwise distinct singular values. We develop a convenient description of the Poisson algebras of the U(n) × U(n) invariant functions, and show that one of the Hamiltonians of the reduced bi-Hamiltonian hierarchy yields a hyperbolic Sutherland model coupled to two

u

(

n

)

*

-valued spins. Thus we obtain a new bi-Hamiltonian interpretation of this model, which represents a special case of Sutherland models coupled to two spins obtained earlier from reductions of cotangent bundles of reductive Lie groups equipped with their canonical Poisson structure. Upon setting one of the spins to zero, we recover the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the standard hyperbolic spin Sutherland model that was derived recently by a different method.
Hausdorff dimension of thin higher-dimensional solenoidal attractors
Authors: Bortolotti Ricardo , da Silva Eberson Ferreira 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this work we study the Hausdorff dimension of hyperbolic attractors that are given by skew-products. We prove that if the contraction is sufficiently strong, the weak-contraction is conformal and the attractor satisfies a geometric condition of transversality between its components, then the Hausdorff dimension and the box-counting dimension of the attractor satisfy Bowen’s formula. We also prove that for any attractor whose contraction is sufficiently strong, there exist dynamics C

r
-close such that the Hausdorff dimension and the box-counting dimension of the attractor have the same value given by Bowen’s formula.
Role of vaccination, the release of competitor snails, chlorination of water, and treatment controls on the transmission of bovine schistosomiasis disease: a mathematical study
Authors: Vellappandi M , Kumar Pushpendra , Govindaraj V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, we derive an optimal control problem for schistosomiasis disease by using Caputo fractional derivative. In the formulation of the proposed control problem, we use the concept of Pontryagin’s minimum principle and the Hamiltonian. To minimize the infected bovine population, we use vaccination, the release of competitor snails, chlorination of water, and treatment controls. The forward-backward sweep method is used to derive the numerical solution of the proposed problem. The parameter values based on real data are used to plot a number of figures. The objective of this paper is to explore the possibilities of controlling the spread of schistosomiasis disease. The presence of the Caputo fractional operator includes the memory in the model which is the main motivation behind the proposed fractional-order generalization.
Symmetry solutions at γ
0 = π/6 for nuclei transition between γ
0 = 0 and γ
0 = π/3 via a variational procedure
Authors: Ajulo K R , Oyewumi K J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A Bohr Hamiltonian model suitable for triaxial shapes is found via inverse square potentials in the

β

part and the solutions of the

γ

part are obtained via a harmonic oscillator, centered around

π
/
6
.

The symmetry solutions from a triaxial vibrator to a rigid triaxial rotator are achieved through variational procedure. The solutions of some selected

Z

(
5
)

symmetry candidates are fitted and compared with the available experimental data.
Consistent Burgers equation expansion method and its applications to high- dimensional Burgers-type equations
Authors: Wang Gangwei , Li Li , Kara A H 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel method, named the consistent Burgers equation expansion (CBEE) method, is proposed to solve nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) by the celebrated Burgers equation. NLEEs are said to be CBEE solvable if they are satisfied by the CBEE method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the CBEE method, we take (2+1)-dimensional Burgers equation as an example. From the (1+1)-dimensional Burgers equation, many new explicit solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Burgers equation are derived. The obtained results illustrate that this method can be effectively extended to other NLEEs.
Localization of long-term synaptic plasticity defects in cerebellar circuits using optokinetic reflex learning profile
Authors: Solouki Saeed , Mehrabi Farzad , Mirzaii-Dizgah Iraj 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Functional maps of the central nervous system attribute the coordination and control of many body movements directly or indirectly to the cerebellum. Despite this general picture, there is little information on the function of cerebellar neural components at the circuit level. The presence of multiple synaptic junctions and the synergistic action of different types of plasticity make it virtually difficult to determine the distinct contribution of cerebellar neural processes to behavioral manifestations. In this study, investigating the effect of long-term synaptic changes on cerebellar motor learning, we intend to provide quantitative criteria for localizing defects in the major forms of synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum. Approach. To this end, we develop a firing rate model of the cerebellar circuits to simulate learning of optokinetic reflex (OKR), one of the most well-known cerebellar-dependent motor tasks. In the following, by comparing the simulated OKR learning profile for normal and pathosynaptic conditions, we extract the learning features affected by long-term plasticity disorders. Next, conducting simulation with different massed (continuous with no rest) and spaced (interleaved with rest periods) learning paradigms, we estimate the detrimental impact of plasticity defects at corticonuclear synapses on short- and long-term motor memory. Main results. Our computational approach predicts a correlation between location and grade of the defect with some learning factors such as the rate of formation and retention of motor memory, baseline performance, and even cerebellar motor reserve capacity. Further, spacing analysis reveal the dependence of learning paradigm efficiency on the spatiotemporal characteristic of defect in the network. Indeed, defects in cortical memory formation and nuclear memory consolidation mainly harm massed and spaced learning, respectively. This result is used to design a differential assay for identifying the faulty phases of cerebellar learning. Significance. The proposed computational framework can help develop neural-screening systems and prepare meso-scale functional maps of the cerebellar circuits.
A chaotic lattice field theory in one dimension*
Authors: Liang H , Cvitanović P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Motivated by Gutzwiller’s semiclassical quantization, in which unstable periodic orbits of low-dimensional deterministic dynamics serve as a WKB ‘skeleton’ for chaotic quantum mechanics, we construct the corresponding deterministic skeleton for infinite-dimensional lattice-discretized scalar field theories. In the field-theoretical formulation, there is no evolution in time, and there is no ‘Lyapunov horizon’; there is only an enumeration of lattice states that contribute to the theory’s partition sum, each a global spatiotemporal solution of system’s deterministic Euler–Lagrange equations. The reformulation aligns ‘chaos theory’ with the standard solid state, field theory, and statistical mechanics. In a spatiotemporal, crystallographer formulation, the time-periodic orbits of dynamical systems theory are replaced by periodic d-dimensional Bravais cell tilings of spacetime, each weighted by the inverse of its instability, its Hill determinant. Hyperbolic shadowing of large cells by smaller ones ensures that the predictions of the theory are dominated by the smallest Bravais cells. The form of the partition function of a given field theory is determined by the group of its spatiotemporal symmetries, that is, by the space group of its lattice discretization, best studied on its reciprocal lattice. Already one-dimensional lattice discretization is of sufficient interest to be the focus of this paper. In particular, from a spatiotemporal field theory perspective, ‘time’-reversal is a purely crystallographic notion, a reflection point group, leading to a novel, symmetry quotienting perspective of time-reversible theories and associated topological zeta functions.
Optimization of ductile iron casting production based on numerical simulation
Authors: Socha L , Gryc K , Sviželová J , Chmiel M , Brathová M , Filipek S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The research involved numerical simulations in MAGMASOFT® focused on optimising the casting process and solidification of a cast piece type intended for the shipping industry. The paper presents the results of the numerical simulations together with a proposal of changes in the production technology aimed at increasing the casting quality. No serious deficiencies of the proposed technology were found based on the simulation results. However, as regards optimisation of the filling process, it was recommended to adjust the gates shape to prevent metal splashing. It is recommended to optimise filling of the castings in order to achieve a structure free of internal defects, and also to slightly modify the shape in order to eliminate the risk of porosity and cracking.
Experimental observation of the transport induced by ion Bernstein waves near the separatrix of magnetic nulls
Authors: HE Renchuan , YANG Xiaoyi , XIAO Chijie , WANG Xiaogang , XU Tianchao , GUO Zhibin , GE Yue , YU Xiuming , ZHANG Zuyu , KE Rui , YUAN Ruixin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The waves in a magnetic null could play important roles during 3D magnetic reconnection. Some preliminary clues in this paper show that the ion Bernstein wave (IBW) may be closely related to transport process in magnetic null region. The magnetic null configuration experiment reported here is set up in a linear helicon plasma device, Peking University plasma test device (PPT). The wave modes with frequencies between the first and third harmonics of local ion cyclotron frequency (

ω

ci

) are observed in the separatrix of magnetic null, which are identified as the IBW based on the dispersion relation. Further analysis shows that IBW could drive substantial particle flux across the magnetic separatrix. The theoretical radial particle flux driven by IBW and the measured parallel flow in PPT device are almost on the same order, which shows that IBW may play an important role during 3D reconnection process.
Elementary planes in the Apollonian orbifold
Authors: Zhang Yongquan 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study the topological behavior of elementary planes in the Apollonian orbifoldMAM_A, whose limit set is the classical Apollonian gasket. The existence of these elementary planes leads to the following failure of equidistribution: there exists a sequence of closed geodesic planes inMAM_Alimiting only on a finite union of closed geodesic planes. This contrasts with other acylindrical hyperbolic 3-manifolds analyzed by Benoist and Oh [Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 42 (2002), pp. 514–553], McMullen, Mohammadi, and Oh [Invent. Math. 209 (2017), pp. 425–461] and McMullen, Mohammadi, and Oh [Duke Math. J. 171 (2022), pp. 1029–1060].

On the other hand, we show that certain rigidity still holds: the area of an elementary plane inMAM_Ais uniformly bounded above, and the union of all elementary planes is closed. This is achieved by obtaining a complete list of elementary planes inMAM_A, indexed by their intersection with the convex core boundary. The key idea is to recover information on a closed geodesic plane inMAM_Afrom its boundary data; requiring the plane to be elementary in turn puts restrictions on these data.
Transcriptome sequencing and signal transduction for the enhanced tanshinone production in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots induced by Trichoderma atroviride D16 polysaccharide fraction
Authors: Wu Si-Jia , Xie Xing-Guang , Feng Kun-Miao , Zhai Xin , Ming Qian-Liang , Qin Lu-Ping , Rahman Khalid , Zhang Zhen-Zhen , Han Ting 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. is commonly used to treat vascular diseases because of its activity ingredients, phenolic acids, and tanshinones. Polysaccharide fraction (PSF) extracted from Trichoderma atroviride D16 could promote tanshinone accumulation in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to describe the global gene expression of PSF-treatment hairy roots, and data analyses showed enzymes of tanshinone biosynthetic pathways were up-regulated, and genes associated to signal molecules and transcription factors were responsive. Endogenous H2O2, abscisic acid, and nitric oxide contents were measured after PSF treatment, while tanshinone accumulations were measured with treatment of exogenous H2O2 or H2O2 inhibitor on PSF-treatment S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. The results showed H2O2 was important in tanshinone biosynthesis caused by PSF and nitric oxide might be the downstream molecules of H2O2. Taken together, the study indicates that D16 PSF enhances the accumulation of tanshinones through enzymes of tanshinone biosynthetic pathways, signal molecules, and transcription factors.