bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional regulation of KCS gene by bZIP29 and MYB70 transcription factors during ABA-stimulated wound suberization of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
Authors: Han Xueyuan , Wei Xiaopeng , Lu Wenjing , Wu Qiong , Mao Linchun , Luo Zisheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous study has demonstrated that the transcription of AchnKCS involved in suberin biosynthesis was up-regulated by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) during the wound suberization of kiwifruit, but the regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated.

Results
Through subcellular localization analysis in this work, AchnbZIP29 and AchnMYB70 transcription factors were observed to be localized in the nucleus. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assay proved the transcriptional activation of AchnMYB70 and transcriptional suppression of AchnbZIP29 on AchnKCS promoter. Furthermore, the transcription level of AchnMYB70 was enhanced by ABA during wound suberization of kiwifruit, but AchnbZIP29 transcription was reduced by ABA.

Conclusions
Therefore, it was believed that ABA enhanced the transcriptional activation of AchnMYB70 on AchnKCS by increasing AchnMYB70 expression. On the contrary, ABA relieved the inhibitory effect of AchnbZIP29 on transcription of AchnKCS by inhibiting AchnbZIP29 expression. These results gave further insight into the molecular regulatory network of ABA in wound suberization of kiwifruit.
Level of advanced oxidation protein products is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis
Authors: Bagyura Zsolt , Takács Angéla , Kiss Loretta , Dósa Edit , Vadas Réka , Nguyen Tin Dat , Dinya Elek , Soós Pál , Szelid Zsolt , Láng Orsolya , Pállinger Éva , Kőhidai László , Merkely Béla 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress is an important factor in the pathomechanism of atherosclerosis. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are considered markers of oxidative stress. Thickening of the carotid intima-media layers indicates subclinical atherosclerosis and can be detected by carotid ultrasound.ObjectiveOur aim was to examine the association between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and the level of AOPPs.MethodsCarotid duplex scans and measurements of AOPPs were performed on 476 participants of a cardiovascular population study. The presence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors was investigated with a questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory tests.ResultsThere was a positive correlation between maximum CIMT and the level of AOPPs only in the male population (r = 0.219,p = 0.033). Multivariate analysis has revealed that the association between AOPPs and mean or maximum CIMT was independent of cardiovascular risk factors (OR = 1.458,p = 0.004, and OR = 2.038,p < 0.001).ConclusionsAmong males, the elevated level of AOPPs as a marker of oxidative stress may signal the existence of early atherosclerotic alterations.
Protocol for detecting unrecognized sleep apnea in patients with atrial fibrillation by a home-monitoring device: the DAN-APNO study
Authors: Jensen Mads Hashiba , Dalgaard Frederik , Laub Rasmus Rude , Gottlieb Vibeke , Hansen Morten Lock , Vendelboe Olav , Hansen Jim , Lamberts Morten 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Determining the presence of modifiable risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF), such as sleep apnea is of clinical importance due to the potential impact targeting these risk factors can have on the progression and burden of AF. Using new digital-based technology is a promising solution to the underreporting of sleep apnea highlighted by academical societies in recent years. The aim of this study is to report the prevalence and severity of sleep apnea in patients with AF and, secondarily, assess the accuracy and feasibility of a new home-screening device for sleep apnea (NightOwl™ by Ectosense).

Methods
DAN-APNO is a cross-sectional study at the Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital recruiting patients with AF referred to anticoagulation initiation aged 18 to 90 years without known sleep apnea. At least 150 patients will be recruited and undergo medical history, clinical evaluation, several sleep-apnea questionnaires, and a sleep-recording evaluation for four nights with sleep apnea home-monitoring device NightOwl™. Additionally, the first 20 participants and participants with moderate-severe sleep apnea by screening are referred to cardio-respiratory monitoring (CRM). This clinical evaluation allows the comparison of standard evaluation method and the NightOwl™. Clinical measures include Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI), pulse rate, as well as questionaries about sleep apnea assessment and the clinical feasibility of the NightOwl™ device. Main outcomes comprise analysis of the prevalence and severity of sleep apnea, and clinical and demographic predictors of moderate and severe sleep apnea. In addition, correlation analyses for accuracy measures between CRM and NightOwl™ will be conducted along with patient ease-of-use and satisfaction questionnaires.

Discussion
This study is limited by selection bias; only patients with atrial fibrillation from anticoagulation clinic is asked to participate, which could limit the generalizability of our results. However, this study aims to test whether a miniaturized simple home-monitoring device for detecting sleep apnea in patients with AF potentially can evaluate sleep apnea more conveniently and easier.
Trial Registration The study is registered the 18-02-2021 at clinicaltrials.gov with registration number: NCT04760002.
Challenges in treatment of a patient suffering from neuroendocrine tumor G1 of the hilar bile duct: a case report
Authors: Zhang Biao , Li Shuang , Sun Zhen , Chen Xu , Qi Bing , Zhang Qingkai , Zhang Guixin , Shang Dong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arise from neuroendocrine cells and are extremely rare in the biliary tract. Currently, there are no guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary NETs. We presented a case with NETs G1 of the hilar bile duct and the challenges for her treatment.Case presentationA 24-year-old woman was presented to our department with painless jaundice and pruritus, and the preoperative diagnosis was Bismuth type II hilar cholangiocarcinoma. She underwent Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy with excision of the extrahepatic biliary tree and radical lymphadenectomy. Unexpectedly, postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examination indicated a perihilar bile duct NETs G1 with the microscopic invasion of the resected right hepatic duct. Then the patient received 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (Gemcitabine and tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil potassium capsule). At present, this patient has been following up for 24 months without recurrence or disease progression.ConclusionWe know little of biliary NETs because of its rarity. There are currently no guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary NETs. We reported a case of perihilar bile duct NETs G1 with R1 resection, as far as we know this is the first report. More information about biliary NETs should be registered.
Changes in healthcare seeking and lifestyle in old aged individuals during COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: the population-based AugUR study
Authors: Brandl Caroline , Zimmermann Martina E. , Günther Felix , Dietl Alexander , Küchenhoff Helmut , Loss Julika , Stark Klaus J. , Heid Iris M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Containment measures in the COVID-19 pandemic protected individuals at high risk, particularly individuals at old age, but little is known about how these measures affected health-related behavior of old aged individuals. We aimed to investigate the impact of the spring 2020 lockdown in Germany on healthcare-seeking and health-related lifestyle in the old aged and to identify susceptible subgroups.

Methods
We conducted a follow-up survey among the pre-pandemically well-characterized participants of our AugUR cohort study, residents in/around Regensburg aged 70+ years and relatively mobile. A self-completion questionnaire on current behavior, perceived changes, and SARS-Cov-2 infection was mailed in May 2020, shortly before contact restrictions ended. Pre-pandemic lifestyle and medical conditions were derived from previous study center visits.

Results
Among 1850 survey participants (73–98 years; net-response 89%), 74% were at increased risk for severe COVID-19 according to medical conditions; four participants reported SARS-CoV-2 infection (0.2%). Participants reported changes in behavior: 29% refrained from medical appointments, 14% increased TV consumption, 26% reported less physical activity, but no systematic increase of smoking or alcohol consumption. When comparing during- and pre-lockdown reports of lifestyle within participant, we found the same pattern as for the reported perceived changes. Women and the more educated were more susceptible to changes. Worse QOL was perceived by 38%.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that the spring 2020 lockdown did not affect the lifestyle of a majority of the mobile old aged individuals, but the substantial proportions with decreased physical activity and healthcare-seeking are markers of collateral damage.
Glucose levels during gestational diabetes pregnancy and the risk of developing postpartum diabetes or prediabetes
Authors: Phaloprakarn Chadakarn , Tangjitgamol Siriwan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Blood glucose levels during pregnancy may reflect the severity of insulin secretory defects and/or insulin resistance during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancy. We hypothesized that suboptimal glycemic control in women with GDM could increase the risk of postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of plasma glucose levels throughout GDM pregnancy on the risk of postpartum T2DM or prediabetes.

Methods
The medical records of 706 women with GDM who underwent a postpartum 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test at our institution between January 2011 and December 2018 were reviewed. These women were classified into 2 groups according to glycemic control during pregnancy: ≤ 1 occasion of either fasting glucose ≥ 95 mg/dL or 2-hour postprandial glucose ≥ 120 mg/dL was defined as optimal glycemic control or else was classified as suboptimal glycemic control. Rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were compared between women with optimal (n = 505) and suboptimal (n = 201) glycemic control.

Results
The rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were significantly higher in the suboptimal glycemic control group than in the optimal glycemic control group: 22.4% vs. 3.0%, P < 0.001 for T2DM and 45.3% vs. 23.5%, P < 0.001 for prediabetes. In a multivariate analysis, suboptimal glucose control during pregnancy was an independent risk factor for developing either postpartum T2DM or prediabetes. The adjusted odds ratios were 8.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.5–20.3) for T2DM and 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 2.5–6.1) for prediabetes.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that blood glucose levels during GDM pregnancy have an impact on the risk of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes.
Preemptive pharmacogenetic testing to guide chemotherapy dosing in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies: a qualitative study of barriers to implementation
Authors: Lau-Min Kelsey S. , Varughese Lisa A. , Nelson Maria N. , Cambareri Christine , Reddy Nandi J. , Oyer Randall A. , Teitelbaum Ursina R. , Tuteja Sony 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing for germline variants in the DPYD and UGT1A1 genes can be used to guide fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan dosing, respectively. Despite the known association between PGx variants and chemotherapy toxicity, preemptive testing prior to chemotherapy initiation is rarely performed in routine practice.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study of oncology clinicians to identify barriers to using preemptive PGx testing to guide chemotherapy dosing in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Each participant completed a semi-structured interview informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Interviews were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach.

Results
Participants included sixteen medical oncologists and nine oncology pharmacists from one academic medical center and two community hospitals in Pennsylvania. Barriers to the use of preemptive PGx testing to guide chemotherapy dosing mapped to four CFIR domains: intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, and characteristics of individuals. The most prominent themes included 1) a limited evidence base, 2) a cumbersome and lengthy testing process, and 3) a lack of insurance coverage for preemptive PGx testing. Additional barriers included clinician lack of knowledge, difficulty remembering to order PGx testing for eligible patients, challenges with PGx test interpretation, a questionable impact of preemptive PGx testing on clinical care, and a lack of alternative therapeutic options for some patients found to have actionable PGx variants.

Conclusions
Successful adoption of preemptive PGx-guided chemotherapy dosing in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies will require a multifaceted effort to demonstrate clinical effectiveness while addressing the contextual factors identified in this study.
Incidence of postoperative week 1 management changes after resident-performed phacoemulsification cataract surgery
Authors: Bouaziz Michael , Schlesinger Max , Kang Joann J. , Kim Gene 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The goal of this study was to investigate the incidence of departures from routine care at the postoperative week 1 (POW1) visit following uneventful resident-performed cataract surgery in asymptomatic patients who had a normal postoperative day 1 (POD1) examination.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of phacoemulsification surgeries performed by the senior resident class at Montefiore Medical Center between June 20, 2018 and April 1, 2019 was performed. The most recent preoperative visit note, operative report, POD1 visit note, and POW1 visit note were evaluated and variables were recorded. Exclusion criteria consisted of any complications that would have necessitated close follow-up and a POW1 visit, whether discovered preoperatively, intraoperatively, at the POD1 visit, or leading up to the POW1 visit. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of unanticipated management changes at the POW1 visit following resident-performed cataract surgery.

Results
The charts of 292 surgical cases of 234 patients that underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation were reviewed. 226 cases (77%) had an uncomplicated pseudophakic fellow-eye history, with a routine surgery, and POD1 examination. 19 of these patients had symptomatic presentations at the POW1 timepoint, and an additional 30 had no POW1 visit at all. In total, 177 cases were included in the study, and only 4 of these cases (2.3%) had an unexpected management change at the POW1 visit.

Conclusions
Asymptomatic patients who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgeries performed by resident surgeons followed by a routine POD1 visit had a low incidence of unexpected management changes at the POW1 visit. These results suggest that regularly scheduled POW1 visits could potentially be omitted for patients deemed to be at low risk for complications, and instead performed on an as-needed basis.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Cypriots on Melanoma Prevention: Is there a Public Health Concern?
Authors: Kyprianou Demetra , Charalambidou Iris , Famojuro Oluwaseun , Wang Hongmei , Su Dejun , Farazi Paraskevi A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer. It is the eighth most common cancer in males and the tenth in females in Cyprus, an island in the Mediterranean with a high ultraviolet (UV) index. Cyprus is expected to be strongly affected by climate change and consequently, melanoma will likely become an increasing public health problem. Melanoma prevention is possible; however, it is unknown if people living in Cyprus are aware of melanoma and prevention methods. To this end, we used a validated survey to evaluate the level of melanoma knowledge and factors associated with it in the Cypriot population.MethodsWe conducted a 47-item survey with sections on demographics, knowledge of melanoma and risk factors, attitudes toward relevant health practices, and protective behaviors among six hundred Cypriot residents from October 2015 to April 2016.ResultsOur results revealed that only 59% of participants check their skin for moles, 87% protect their skin from the sun during summer holidays, and 57% do not take measures to protect their skin from the sun during non-holiday periods. Protective behavior was positively associated with educational level (P=0.016) and district of residence (P<0.0001). Melanoma knowledge was positively associated with education level (P=0.002) and district of residence (P=0.004). Level of Concern was positively associated with age (P=0.026) and education level (P=0.041).ConclusionsThere are gaps in melanoma knowledge and prevention practices in the study population. Further education on melanoma and its prevention should be specifically targeted to individuals of lower education levels as well as teenagers, such that protective behaviors for melanoma are adopted early in life.
Health-related quality of life, motivational regulation and Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction in Education Outside the Classroom: an explorative longitudinal pilot study
Authors: Ellinger Jan , Mess Filip , Blaschke Simon , Mall Christoph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Given a suboptimal state of mental health among children, an urgent need exists to seek approaches related to health promotion in this population’s settings, such as in schools. Increased health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and improved school motivation could be crucial for children’s mental health. Based on self-determination theory, paths can be identified that could lead to such improvements by strengthening the basic psychological needs (BPN). This study aimed to examine the impact on and the relationships among HRQoL, school motivation and BPN within the promising concept of education outside the classroom (EOtC).

Methods
In this exploratory study, we employed a between-subjects cohort study design with no blinding or randomisation. We surveyed fifth graders (mean = 10.1 years) attending EOtC (experimental group [EG], n = 25) and normal indoor lessons (control group, [CG], n = 41) at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of a semester. We used the translations of validated questionnaires and established linear mixed-effects models to evaluate whether the students in EOtC show higher scores of HRQoL and school motivation and, whether the satisfaction of BPN of autonomy (PAut), competence (PCom), social relatedness with classmates (PSRC) and teachers (PSRT) show associations with these outcomes.

Results
Regarding intrinsic and identified motivational regulation, results showed significant increases over time in the overall sample and significant higher scores in the EG than in the CG. For HRQoL, no group differences were found, but a significant decrease over time in the EG. Regarding possible associations between the outcomes and BPN, such could only be found between HRQoL and PSRC, but not for the other BPN and not for motivational regulation and BPN.

Conclusions
Without having been able to explain this on the basis of increased BPN values, our results show that EOtC can support improvements in specific regulation types of school motivation. This could contribute to an improvement in the mental health situation in children, as school represents a major stressor for them. Future steps in terms of researching HRQoL in this setting are discussed, as this pilot study does preliminary work for necessary examinations, e.g. in structural equation approaches.
A survey of depression and anxiety disorders in urban and rural Suriname
Authors: Jadnanansing Raj , de Beurs Edwin , Etwaroo Kajal , Blankers Matthijs , Dwarkasing Rudi , Peen Jaap , Lumsden Vincent , Bipat Robbert , Dekker Jack 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Suriname is a Low-middle income country consisting of diverse population groups. Epidemiological studies concerning mental disorders like depression and anxiety had not been conducted until 2015. The treatment gap for mental disorders in Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) may reach 76-80% as treatment is not always readily available. In this study, we estimate and compare the prevalence of potential cases of depression and anxiety, as well as the size of the treatment gap in a rural (Nickerie) and urban (Paramaribo) region of Suriname, a lower middle-income country.

Methods
Subjects were selected by a specific sampling method of the national census bureau. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) was used to assess depression. Generalized anxiety disorder was assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) and The Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ), the Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ) were used to assess Panic disorder. The treatment gap was calculated by estimating the percentage of subjects with depression or anxiety that did not seek out professional help.

Results
About 18% of the respondents from Nickerie and 16% from Paramaribo were at risk of depression and the established cut-off values of the instruments used indicate that about 3-4% in both regions may suffer from Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Women in both samples were most at risk of high anxiety about body sensations and maladaptive thoughts about panic. The treatment gap varies between 78 and 100% for the two disorders.

Conclusions
A high depression rate has been found in both areas, especially among young females. In addition, a high treatment gap is noted which insinuates that more therapeutic strategies are required to tackle depression and anxiety in Suriname.
Cost-effectiveness and health impact of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography for never smokers in Japan and the United States: a modelling study
Authors: Kowada Akiko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Never smokers in Asia have a higher incidence of lung cancer than in Europe and North America. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for never smokers in Japan and the United States.

Methods
We developed a state-transition model for three strategies: LDCT, chest X-ray (CXR), and no screening, using a healthcare payer perspective over a lifetime horizon. Sensitivity analyses were also performed. Main outcomes were costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), life expectancy life-years (LYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), and deaths from lung cancer. The willingness-to-pay level was US$100,000 per QALY gained.

Results
LDCT yielded the greatest benefits with the lowest cost in Japan, but the ICERs of LDCT compared with CXR were US$3,001,304 per QALY gained for American men and US$2,097,969 per QALY gained for American women. Cost-effectiveness was sensitive to the incidence of lung cancer. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses demonstrated that LDCT was cost-effective 99.3–99.7% for Japanese, no screening was cost-effective 77.7% for American men, and CXR was cost-effective 93.2% for American women. Compared with CXR, LDCT has the cumulative lifetime potential for 60-year-old Japanese to save US$117 billion, increase 2,339,349 QALYs and 3,020,102 LYs, and reduce 224,749 deaths, and the potential for 60-year-old Americans to cost US$120 billion, increase 48,651 QALYs and 67,988 LYs, and reduce 2,309 deaths.

Conclusions
This modelling study suggests that LDCT screening for never smokers has the greatest benefits and cost savings in Japan, but is not cost-effective in the United States. Assessing the risk of lung cancer in never smokers is important for introducing population-based LDCT screening.