bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Shape‐Programmable Hierarchical Fibrous Membrane Composite System to Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Li Weichang , Jiang Laibo , Wu Shujie , Yang Shiwen , Ren Lin , Cheng Bin , Xia Juan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChronic wound infection is one of the critical complications of diabetes and is difficult to cure. Although great efforts have been made, the development of special dressings that serve as therapeutic strategies to effectively promote wound healing in diabetic individuals remains a major challenge. In this study, a shape‐programmable hierarchical fibrous membrane composite system is developed for synergistic modulation of the inflammatory microenvironment to treat chronically infected wounds. The system comprises a functional layer and a shape‐programmable backing layer. A temperature‐responsive shape‐memory mechanism achieves biaxial mechanically active contractions of diabetic wounds in a programmable manner. To summarize, the membrane system combines antimicrobial activity, controlled drug release according to the need of wound healing, mechanical modulation with shape‐programmable, robust adhesion, and on‐demand debonding to biological tissue to rationally guide chronic wound management. A synergistic combination of antibacterial fiber network and released drugs shows broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity. In vitro and in vivo evaluations indicate the dressing efficiency in promoting and supporting wound healing. The insights from this study demonstrate the effectiveness of a hierarchical composite membrane system with shape‐programmability as a potential treatment in the care of diabetic wounds.
Electronic Metal–Support Interaction Modulation of Single‐Atom Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Wu Mingjie , Zhang Gaixia , Wang Weichao , Yang Huaming , Rawach Diane , Chen Mengjun , Sun Shuhui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance oxygen electrocatalysts play a key role in the widespread application of rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs). Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with maximum atom efficiency and well‐defined active sites have been recognized as promising alternatives of the present noble‐metal‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. To improve their oxygen electrocatalysis activities and reveal the structure–activity relationship, many advanced synthesis and characterization methods have been developed to study the effects of 1) coordination and electronic structure of the metal centers and 2) morphology and stability of the conductive substrates. Herein, a detailed review of the recent advances of SACs with strong electronic metal–support interaction (EMSI) for rechargeable ZABs is provided. Great emphasis was placed on the EMSI forms and design strategies. Moreover, the importance and the impact of the atomic coordinating structure and the substrates on the oxygen electrocatalytic activity and stability are highlighted. Finally, future directions and perspectives on the development of SACs are also presented.
Upper Cretaceous European theropod palaeobiodiversity, palaeobiogeography and the intra‐Maastrichtian faunal turnover: new contributions from the Iberian fossil site of Laño
Authors: Isasmendi Erik , Torices Angelica , Canudo José Ignacio , Currie Philip J. , Pereda‐Suberbiola Xabier 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA total of 227 theropod teeth have so far been recovered from the upper Campanian Laño site (northern Iberian Peninsula). The teeth were studied for their qualitative and quantitative features. From the theropod sample found at Laño, seven morphotypes attributed to five taxa are identified: a medium to large abelisaurid (Arcovenatorsp.) and four small coelurosaurians (Dromaeosauridae indet., Paraves indet., cf.Paronychodonsp. and cf.Richardoestesiasp.) Together with the ground birdGargantuavisand a possible ornithomimosaur, the theropod fauna of Laño might be composed of two medium–large‐sized non‐avian theropods, four small‐bodied non‐avian theropods and a large terrestrial bird. This makes the Laño site the richest and most diverse latest Cretaceous theropod site in Europe. Furthermore, the Laño site and the Upper Cretaceous localities of Europe that have yielded theropod remains suggest that the medium–large‐sized theropods were abelisaurids or indeterminate theropods. The small theropods are more abundant, diverse and represented by different dromaeosaurids,Paronychodon,Richardoestesiaor related forms, troodontids and, probably, by other paravians. Of the birds, enantiornithines, gargantuaviids and ornithurines are also common in the European Upper Cretaceous sites. The theropod assemblage of Laño, together with the taxa of other Upper Cretaceous sites, supports the idea that several theropod dispersal events took place during the Cretaceous. This resulted in a mixture of European endemic, Asiamerican and Gondwanan forms. This study also supports the hypothesis that the intra‐Maastrichtian faunal turnover that occurred in the Ibero‐Armorican landmass seems to have had no apparent effect on theropods.
Ovarian response to P4‐PGF‐FSH treatment in Suffolk sheep and P4‐PGF‐PMSG synchronization in cross‐bred ewes, for IVD and ET protocol
Authors: Ciornei Ştefan Gregore , Drugociu Dan , Ciornei Liliana , Roşca Petru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe success of an embryo transfer protocol in sheep depends on many factors, but the choice of drugs for the desired superovulation as well as the conception rate (CR) are most essential. Reproductive activity in sheep is characterized by a seasonality influenced by several factors such as photoperiod, latitude, temperature, nutrition and breed. Reproductive seasonality and nutritional condition are the main factors that influence embryo production in sheep. In sheep, some anatomical peculiarities limit the application of traditional reproductive biotechnologies used in cattle.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to conclude on the effectiveness of a wider on farm in vivo embryo transfer development programme in Suffolk sheep by streamlining hormone therapies and optimizing technique.MethodsA total number of 60 sheep and three rams were included in this study, divided into two groups (receptors and donors). Donor Suffolk sheep were treated for superovulation using the P4‐PGF‐FSH multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) protocol, while the cross‐bred recipients’ group was synchronized with P4‐PGF‐PMSG.ResultsOn the first day after superovulation, all ovaries had more than five dominant follicles, while corpora lutea were later observed in 83.3% sheep. The recovery rate was 83.3%, while 72.9% embryos were transferable. Embryos were transferred directly into recipients. Fertility after 30 days was 68.57%, lambing rate was 91.6% and CR was 62.85%. This study showed that veterinary drugs (P4, FSH, LH, PMSG, PGF) used for superovulation optimized by us were capable of producing by this improved technique the optimization of the reproduction indices at embryo‐transfer (ET) and to be able to be used successfully.ConclusionsThe application of an MOET protocol has a positive effect in the production of in vivo embryo production (IVD) embryos in Suffolk sheep and can guarantee the success of embryo transfer activity to ewes with lower genetic merit. Our research aimed at representing a model for sheep farms for a rapid improvement of productive traits.
RNA thermometers and other regulatory elements: Diversity and importance in bacterial pathogenesis
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Alajangi Hema Kumari , Pisignano Giuseppina , Sood Vikas , Singh Gurpal , Barnwal Ravi Pratap 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSurvival of microorganisms depends to a large extent on environmental conditions and the occupied host. By adopting specific strategies, microorganisms can thrive in the surrounding environment and, at the same time, preserve their viability. Evading the host defenses requires several mechanisms compatible with the host survival which include the production of RNA thermometers to regulate the expression of genes responsible for heat or cold shock as well as of those involved in virulence. Microorganisms have developed a variety of molecules in response to the environmental changes in temperature and even more specifically to the host they invade. Among all, RNA‐based regulatory mechanisms are the most common ones, highlighting the importance of such molecules in gene expression control and novel drug development by suitable structure‐based alterations.This article is categorized under:
RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics and Chemistry
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems
Synthesis and Structure of a New Bulky Hybrid Scorpionate/Cyclopentadienyl Ligand and its Lithium Complex
Authors: Mandel Miles J. , Görls Helmar , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe reaction of 5‐(1‐adamantyl)‐3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole with dibromomethane yields a product mixture of bis(3‐adamantyl‐5‐methylpyrazolyl)methane (H2C(PzAd,Me)2, 2 a), (3‐adamantyl‐5‐methylpyrazolyl)‐(3‐methyl‐5‐adamantylpyrazolyl)methane ((H2C(PzAd,Me)(PzMe,Ad), 2 b) and bis(3‐methyl‐5‐adamantylpyrazolyl)methane (H2C(PzMe,Ad)2, 2 c). Lithiation of sterically congested H2C(PzAd,Me)2 (2 a) and subsequent addition of diphenylfulvene yields lithium 1,1‐bis(3‐adamantyl‐5‐methylpyrazolyl)‐2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐ethyl‐cyclopentadienide, [(thf)Li{Cp−CPh2−CHPzAd,Me}] (3) which is unable to form a thf adduct but can be hydrolyzed to H5C5−CPh2−CHPzAd,Me (4). Adamantyl groups in 5‐position of bis(pyrazolyl)methane, i. e. 2 b and 2 c, prohibit formation of a fulvene adduct. For comparison reasons, [{H5C5−CPh2−CHPzMe2}LiI] (1 b) has been prepared via protolysis of (thf)lithium 1,1‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazolyl)‐2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐ethyl‐cyclopentadienide, [(thf)Li{Cp−CPh2−CHPzMe2}] (1 a), in the presence of calcium iodide.
First natural breeding of the endangered dusky gopher frog (Lithobates sevosus) in captivity
Authors: Reichling Steven B. , Cantrell Jessica , Roznik Elizabeth A. , Bogisich Allison , Poo Sinlan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo date, all captive breeding of the dusky gopher frog, Lithobates sevosus, a federally listed endangered species, has been accomplished using in vitro fertilization (IVF). Here, we describe multievent and highly fecund captive reproduction of dusky gopher frogs driven solely by natural environmental factors. Six pairs of L. sevosus were kept in a 3.7 × 4.4 m2 outdoor enclosure designed to resemble their natural breeding habitat, which included a pool and three artificial burrows. Modifications to the enclosure that simulated temperatures and conditions within their natural range during winter were added in October and removed in late February. Following a warm, rainy period, five egg masses were laid between March 5 and 11, 2020. The number of oocytes per egg mass was 2300 ± 409 (range = 1341–3565), with the total across all five egg masses being 11,501. Of these oocytes, the hatching rate was 68.58 ± 10.05% (range = 37.53%–95.59%), with a total of 7887 successful hatchlings overall. Clutch sizes were similar to those in the wild and greater than those typically produced using IVF; thus, natural breeding can substantially increase the number of frogs available for reintroduction programs. Although assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF will continue to be useful for ensuring the success of strategic genetic pairings of captive L. sevosus, the new tool of nonassisted reproduction in specifically designed outdoor enclosures is an important advancement for the conservation and recovery of this endangered species.
Integrality, duality and finiteness in combinatoric topological strings
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert , He Yang-Hui , Kemp Garreth , Ramgoolam Sanjaye 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A remarkable result at the intersection of number theory and group theory states that the order of a finite group G (denoted |G|) is divisible by the dimension dR of any irreducible complex representation of G. We show that the integer ratios $$ {\left|G\right|}^2/{d}_R^2 $$

G

2

/

d
R
2

are combinatorially constructible using finite algorithms which take as input the amplitudes of combinatoric topological strings (G-CTST) of finite groups based on 2D Dijkgraaf-Witten topological field theories (G-TQFT2). The ratios are also shown to be eigenvalues of handle creation operators in G-TQFT2/G-CTST. These strings have recently been discussed as toy models of wormholes and baby universes by Marolf and Maxfield, and Gardiner and Megas. Boundary amplitudes of the G-TQFT2/G-CTST provide algorithms for combinatoric constructions of normalized characters. Stringy S-duality for closed G-CTST gives a dual expansion generated by disconnected entangled surfaces. There are universal relations between G-TQFT2 amplitudes due to the finiteness of the number K of conjugacy classes. These relations can be labelled by Young diagrams and are captured by null states in an inner product constructed by coupling the G-TQFT2 to a universal TQFT2 based on symmetric group algebras. We discuss the scenario of a 3D holographic dual for this coupled theory and the implications of the scenario for the factorization puzzle of 2D/3D holography raised by wormholes in 3D.
Mice harboring the FXN I151F pathological point mutation present decreased frataxin levels, a Friedreich ataxia-like phenotype, and mitochondrial alterations
Authors: Medina-Carbonero Marta , Sanz-Alcázar Arabela , Britti Elena , Delaspre Fabien , Cabiscol Elisa , Ros Joaquim , Tamarit Jordi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFriedreich Ataxia (FA) is a rare neuro-cardiodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the frataxin (FXN) gene. The most prevalent mutation is a GAA expansion in the first intron of the gene causing decreased frataxin expression. Some patients present the GAA expansion in one allele and a missense mutation in the other allele. One of these mutations, FXNI154F, was reported to result in decreased content of mature frataxin and increased presence of an insoluble intermediate proteoform in cellular models. By introducing this mutation into the murine Fxn gene (I151F, equivalent to human I154F) we have now analyzed the consequences of this pathological point mutation in vivo. We have observed that FXNI151F homozygous mice present low frataxin levels in all tissues, with no evidence of insoluble proteoforms. Moreover, they display neurological deficits resembling those observed in FA patients. Biochemical analysis of heart, cerebrum and cerebellum have revealed decreased content of components from OXPHOS complexes I and II, decreased aconitase activity, and alterations in antioxidant defenses. These mitochondrial alterations are more marked in the nervous system than in heart, precede the appearance of neurological symptoms, and are similar to those observed in other FA models. We conclude that the primary pathological mechanism underlying the I151F mutation is frataxin deficiency, like in patients carrying GAA expansions. Therefore, patients carrying the I154F mutation would benefit from frataxin replacement therapies. Furthermore, our results also show that the FXNI151F mouse is an excellent tool for analyzing tissue-specific consequences of frataxin deficiency and for testing new therapies.
Lower bounds on mixing norms for the advection diffusion equation in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$
Authors: Nobili Camilla , Pottel Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn algebraic lower bound on the energy decay for solutions of the advection-diffusion equation in$$\mathbb {R}^d$$Rdwith$$d=2,3$$d=2,3is derived using the Fourier-splitting method. Motivated by a conjecture on mixing of passive scalars in fluids, a lower bound on the$$L^2$$L2- norm of the inverse gradient of the solution is obtained via gradient estimates and interpolation.
Stent-assisted WEB embolization: aneurysm characteristics, outcome and case report of a WEB delivered through a stent
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Liebig Thomas , Siebert Eberhard , Pflaeging Muriel , Forbrig Robert , Pennig Lenhard , Celik Erkan , Abdullayev Nuran , Schlamann Marc , Dorn Franziska , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Woven Endobridge (WEB) embolization has become a well-established endovascular treatment option for wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. The objective was to analyse cases that required additional stent-implantation.

Methods
Images of 178 aneurysms ≤ 11 mm treated by WEB only or by WEB plus stent were retrospectively reviewed, evaluating aneurysm characteristics, procedural specifics, adverse events and angiographic results. Moreover, we report a case of a WEB delivered through a previously implanted stent.

Results
Additional stent implantation was performed in 15 patients (8.4%). Baseline patient and aneurysm characteristics were comparable between both groups. A single stent was used in 12 cases and 2 stents in Y-configuration in 3. Thromboembolic complications occurred more often with stent assistance (33.3% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.002), while ischemic stroke rates were comparable between both groups (0% vs. 1.8%, p = 1.0). Six-month angiographic follow-up showed complete occlusion, neck remnants and aneurysm remnants in 73.4%, 19.4% and 7.3% after WEB only, respectively, and in 66.7%, 20.0% and 16.7% after WEB plus stent, respectively (p = 0.538). A case report shows that WEB deployment through the struts of a previously implanted standard microstent is feasible, even if a VIA 33 microcatheter is needed.

Conclusion
In the present study, stent-assisted WEB embolization had a comparable safety and efficacy profile compared to treatment by WEB only. However, stent-assisted WEB embolization requires long-term anti-platelet medication, which annihilates the advantages of the WEB as a purely intrasaccular device.
Clinical Trial registration number: N/A.
What is the evidence linking financial assistance for drought-affected agriculture and resilience in tropical Asia? A systematic review
Authors: Goodwin Daniel , Holman Ian , Pardthaisong Liwa , Visessri Supattra , Ekkawatpanit Chaiwat , Rey Vicario Dolores 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Agriculture is sensitive to drought and associated social, environmental and economic impacts. Finance-based interventions aim to support farmers affected by drought; however, the extent to which such tools encourage resilience to this natural hazard is unclear. This paper systematically reviews evidence on links between financial interventions to mitigate drought-related impacts and adaptation towards longer-term resilience. We focus on tropical Asia where agriculture contributes significantly to national economies and is a primary source of livelihood in a region subject to high climate variability and episodic drought. Guided by Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome criteria, we identify and review 43 regionally specific articles that describe a range of financial interventions. Through thematic synthesis, we document the interventions’ associations with micro-level and macro-level outcomes. The results reveal how some interventions helped sustain household incomes and crop yield (e.g. through farm investments that increased productivity) through drought, whilst others encouraged adaptive behaviours. At a macro-level, there were challenges associated with government budgets and scheme administration, with the longevity of many schemes difficult to sustain. From fragmented evidence, this review reasons that there can be challenging policy trade-offs for institutions between supporting livelihoods and economic growth whilst also protecting the environment—highlighting the interdependence of systems’ resilience and variability in actors’ capacity to adapt. Low-regret interventions that integrate existing community adaptive practices, engage with farmers’ needs and prioritise extension support may encourage more desirable counteractions to drought; however, further research is needed to establish the role of such interventions.
Value drivers of development stage biopharma companies
Authors: Michaeli Daniel Tobias , Yagmur Hasan Basri , Achmadeev Timur , Michaeli Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
Scholars previously estimated research and development (R&D) costs of the internal drug development process. However, little is known about the costs and value arising from externally acquired therapeutics. This study identifies and estimates the magnitude of factors associated with Biopharma acquisition value.

Methods
SDC Thomson Reuter and S&P Capital IQ were screened for majority acquisitions of US and EU Biopharma companies developing new molecular entities for prescription use (SIC code: 2834) from 2005 to 2020. Financial acquisition data were complemented with variables characterizing the target’s product portfolio extracted from clinicaltrials.gov, Drugs@FDA database, US SEC filings, and transaction announcements. A multivariate regression assesses the association of firm value with extracted variables.

Results
311 acquisitions of companies developing prescription drugs were identified over the study period. Acquirers paid 37% (p < 0.05) more for companies with biologics and gene therapeutics than small-molecule lead drugs. Multi-indication products were acquired for a 12% premium per additional indication (p < 0.01). No significant valuation difference between companies developing orphan and non-orphan designated lead products was observed (18%, p = 0.223). Acquisition value positively correlated with the total number of further products, headquarter location in the US, underlying market conditions, and acquirer market capitalization (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Internal and external drug development consumes many financial and human resources, yet it is important for entrepreneurs, regulators, and payers to understand their precise magnitude and value drivers. This information permits the design of targeted pricing and industrial policies that incentivize the development of novel drugs in areas with high unmet needs.
Constraining peripheral perception in instant messaging during software development by continuous work context extraction
Authors: Pham van Nghia , Vranić Valentino 
Published: January 2022

AbstractColocated software development teams benefit from natural work context building, which occurs mainly thanks to the team members, virtually, being forced to listen to what others are talking about. They absorb the information not by directing their attention to the communication, but by being exposed to it and perceiving it peripherally. The same effect of peripheral perception can be enforced with instant messaging, which is a predominant way of communication in distributed teams. However, forcing team members to observe too many and mostly unrelated message notifications can be distracting and causing unnecessary work interruption. This paper presents an approach and tool that ensure peripheral perception in instant messaging constrained by a continuously extracted work context. This is achieved by maintaining a personal work context from developer activities and using this context to filter instant messages to be displayed. A four-week experiment carried out with one of the teams of seven members in the Team Project course at our university indicates that message filtering based on continuous work context extraction performs better over common channel based filtering (as available in Slack). More precisely, message filtering based on continuous work context extraction decreases work interruption and distraction.