bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attrition from pediatric trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wamser‐Nanney Rachel , Walker Hannah E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTrauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF‐CBT) is one of the leading interventions for trauma‐exposed children and adolescents and is associated with significant improvements in a variety of trauma‐related symptoms. Nonetheless, attrition from TF‐CBT is quite common, and children who do not receive the full intervention may continue to suffer from trauma‐related symptoms. Rates of premature termination have varied across studies, and to date, no meta‐analyses have been conducted regarding dropout from TF‐CBT. The objective of the present study was to conduct a meta‐analysis of the rates of attrition from TF‐CBT, as well as review factors related to premature termination from this intervention. A total of 22 studies were available for inclusion in this meta‐analysis. The prevalence of attrition was 33.9% (95% CI [26.2%, 42.5%]) from 2,059 children receiving TF‐CBT. Clinician‐rated attrition was 38.5%, and 17.5% did not receive an adequate dose of TF‐CBT (e.g., 12+ sessions). Further, the study type was related to differing rates of dropout, with randomized controlled trials having a much lower attrition rate. Regarding risk factors for premature termination, the emerging literature suggests that a child's age, racial‐ethnic minority status, and symptom levels may evince some ties to attrition. Caregiver, family, therapist, and treatment factors remain underexplored in relation to premature termination; however, preliminary work suggests that lack of caregiver attendance and difficulty in the child‐therapist relationship may be related to attrition. A substantial number of children prematurely terminate from TF‐CBT, underscoring the need to better prevent dropout.
Evaluation of a Cranial Ultrasound Screening Protocol for Very Preterm Infants
Authors: McLean Glenda , Ditchfield Michael , Paul Eldho , Malhotra Atul , Lombardo Paul 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesCranial ultrasound (cUS) screening is recommended for preterm neonates born before 32 weeks' gestational age (GA). The primary aim of this study was to determine if both a day 3 and day 8 cUS screening examination is necessary for all neonates.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed at a tertiary‐level Australian hospital. Frequencies of cranial ultrasound abnormality (CUA) were compared between routine screening performed at postnatal days 3, 8, and 42. Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was performed using logistic regression.ResultscUS examinations on 712 neonates born before 32 weeks' GA were included. Neonates were divided into 2 groups: 99 neonates in the 23–25 weeks 6 days GA (group A) and 613 neonates in the 26–31 weeks 6 days GA (group B). All CUA occurred more frequently in group A neonates and in the subset of group B neonates who had defined risk factors. Low‐risk group B neonates had lower incidence of CUAs demonstrated on day 8 cUS than high‐risk group B neonates, with no significant differences between day 3 and day 8. Logistic regression analysis identified a number of risk factors (vaginal delivery, small for GA, Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes, intubation, patent ductus arteriosus and infection) that were associated with increased frequency of IVH on day 8. In neonates born between 30 and 31 weeks 6 days GA, 35% had a CUA identified.ConclusionsLow‐risk preterm neonates born between 26 and 31 weeks 6 days GA, without complications, could be screened with a single early cUS examination around day 8 without missing substantial abnormality.
Prescribed take levels of downy and hairy woodpeckers in the eastern United States
Authors: Wells Michael T. , Cooper Thomas R. , Harrison Larry A. , Zimmerman Guthrie S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHairy (Dryobates villosus) and downy (Dryobates pubescens) woodpeckers occur in high densities in residential areas of the eastern United States. In many areas of their range, they cause damage to wooden structures through foraging, excavation of nesting cavities, and drumming behaviors, causing requests for allowable take permits. Both species hold year‐round territories, which could make them vulnerable to local extirpation with excess take. To meet the requirements of the Migratory Bird Treaty act, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) requested scientifically informed evaluation of take to minimize population effects as part of its approach to reduce human–wildlife conflict. We used a prescribed take approach, which uses data from population, demographic, and management parameter estimates to determine the allowable take from Louisiana to Minnesota and all states east. Furthermore, we used 2 different methods of estimating growth rates to control for demographic uncertainties. The resulting estimates provide take at the state and USFWS regional scales to improve stakeholder choices when setting allowable take. Current authorized take (2016–2018) is below the take that could be sustained by current populations, and current rates of take are not likely to cause population‐level effects. These results were largely consistent across methodologies for calculating the rate of growth for both species. Take still needs to be managed to prevent local extirpation of these resident species. Allowable take estimates should be periodically updated to reflect changing management and population needs for both species.
Plant types shape soil microbial composition, diversity, function, and co‐occurrence patterns in cultivated land of a karst area
Authors: Wei Xiaoliao , Fu Tianling , He Guandi , Cen Ruxiang , Huang Chunyan , Yang Mingfang , Zhang Wang , He Tengbing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlants can alter microbial communities through root exudates, and change the characteristics of the soil. However, the relationship between soil microbial communities and environmental factors is not well understood. Here, we studied bacterial and fungal communities and their relationships with environmental factors. We integrated data of environmental factors, microbial composition, diversity, functional prediction, and co‐occurrence network from uncultivated, maize, cabbage, and cocozelle soils in a karst area of Southwest China. Soil bacterial and fungal community composition differed with plant types. Maize soil had more taxa and greater alpha diversity of bacteria and fungi than other soils. In maize soil, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Ascomycota was significantly lower than that in uncultivated soil, while its contents of soil organic matter (OM), alkali‐hydrolyzable nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) showed the opposite trend. These indicators were not significantly different between cabbage and cocozelle soils. The results of the Mantel test and the RDA analysis indicated that TN and OM were important drivers of bacterial and fungal communities. Functional prediction and network analysis showed that maize soil had a high nitrogen fixation capacity and a complex and stable network. To summarize, maize soil not had a low relative abundance of Ascomycota and high content of TN and OM, nitrogen fixation ability, and a rich microbial community. Therefore, cultivating maize is suitable for improving soil microbial community. These findings might help in formulating a reasonable cultivation management program to prevent land degradation in the karst areas.
Elevated salinity decreases soil ecosystem multifunctionality by shifting the bacterial community from K‐ to r‐selected living strategy
Authors: Cheng Yarui , Wan Wenjie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeciphering ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) driven by abiotic and biotic factors is crucial for evaluating soil nutrient cycling and retention. Yet, there is little information on whether microbial r/K‐selection can play the same role as community diversity to reflect EMF. Using Illumina MiSeq sequencing, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) technique, and multiple statistical analyses, we estimated linkages among salinity, soil EMF, community diversities, microbial r/K‐selection, and bacterial ecological assembly processes and phylogenetic signals in salinized agricultural soils (0.09–19.91 dS m−1). Salinity significantly negatively correlated with soil EMF, bacterial taxonomic and phylogenetic α‐diversities, and bacterial K‐selection represented by the Acidobacteria/Proteobacteria (Aci:Pro) ratio (0–0.50). There was a significantly positive correlation between bacterial K‐selection and soil EMF (Pearson's r = 0.545, p < 0.001). Deterministic processes (60.0–85.5%) dominated bacterial community assemblies along salinity gradients (i.e., 0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–8, 8–16, and >16 dS m−1), and salinity displayed a critical role in balancing stochastic and deterministic processes. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report elevated salinity decreased soil EMF and a bacterial shift from K‐ to r‐selection. Environmental constraint and phylogenetic conservatism showed strongly negative influences on bacterial K‐selection. These findings enrich the knowledge of bacterial diversity maintenance in salinized agricultural soils and reveal close linkage between bacterial K‐selection and soil EMF. Therefore, the bacterial K‐selection index of Aci:Pro could serve as a bioindicator for soil EMF.
Don't put me on the spot: The role of perceived intrusiveness in public donation solicitations
Authors: Sanchez Alison , Kull Alexander J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThough public donation solicitations (e.g., asking consumers to donate during checkout) are becoming ubiquitous, little is known about whether and how consumers' feelings elicited by these solicitations influence their donation behavior. Three consequential choice studies using incentive‐compatible experimental designs examine the multifaceted nature of public solicitation effectiveness. Study 1 shows that public (vs. private) solicitations increase not only the donation rate but also donors' propensity to deceive. Exploring the psychological mechanisms underlying these conflicting consequences, Study 2 demonstrates that social image concerns for not donating and perceived intrusiveness from being put on the spot counteract each other by simultaneously driving and impairing public solicitation effectiveness. Disentangling this interplay of mechanisms, Study 3 highlights the importance of the public solicitation form by uncovering a serial mediation effect. Specifically, nonverbal (vs. verbal) public solicitations increase the donation rate by reducing social image concerns and, in turn, perceived intrusiveness. Study 3 also reveals that verbal solicitations can have detrimental downstream consequences on consumers' attitudes and loyalty intentions toward both the soliciting store and the charity beneficiary. Uncovering perceived intrusiveness as a critical factor influencing donation behavior, this study thus shows that soliciting donations publicly can be a double‐edged sword, giving rise to important implications for both theory and practice.
Brands in a game or a game for brands? Comparing the persuasive effectiveness of in‐game advertising and advergames
Authors: Ghosh Tathagata , S. Sreejesh , Dwivedi Yogesh K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough a rich body of knowledge exists in the domain of gamification of advertising, no research emphasis has been given to compare the persuasive effects of two well‐known gamification formats—in‐game advertising and advergame. Also, we do not know much about their comparative effects on child and adult gamers. The present research fills these gaps by conducting three experiments in which we examine the effects of gamification format (advergame vs. in‐game advertising) and age of consumers (children vs. adults) on attitude toward fictitious and real brands (Studies 1 and 2) and purchase intention of fictitious brands (Study 3). The findings reveal that children have more favorable attitude and purchase intention when the brand is advertised in an advergame than in an in‐game advertising format, while adults demonstrate higher brand attitude and purchase intention in the latter as compared to the former gamification format. Also, brand familiarity differentially moderates the relationship between gamification format, age, and brand attitude (Study 2). Finally, consumers' engagement in the game positively mediates the relationship between the independent variables and purchase intention (Study 3). Our research contributes to academia by advancing the literature on gamification of advertising through a granular evaluation of persuasive efficacy of IGA and advergame played by adults and children. It also informs managers to effectively persuade consumers of different age groups by the usage of the right gamification format.
Blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia with concurrent BCR::ABL1 and SET::NUP214: A report of two cases
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Qian , Cen Jiannong , Xu Chao , Tao Ting‐ting , Xie Jundan , Shen Wenhong , Gong Yanlei , Pan Jinlan , Yao Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm defined by the presence of t(9;22)(q34;q11.2)/BCR::ABL1. Additional chromosomal abnormalities play an important role in the progression to CML. However, the additional fusion gene was rarely reported such as CBFB::MYH11. In this report, we described two cases of the co‐occurrence of BCR::ABL1 and SET::NUP214 in CML‐BP for the first time, which is associated with poor outcomes during tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Meanwhile, we retrospectively analyzed SET::NUP214 fusion transcript of the two cases at initial diagnosis of the CML chronic phase by quantitative RT‐PCR, and detected at a ratio of 1.63% and 1.50%, respectively. SET::NUP214 may promote disease progression during the transformation of CML. This study highlights the importance of extended molecular testing at the initial diagnosis of CML‐CP at TKI resistance and/or disease transformation.
Modeling RBE with other quantities than LET significantly improves prediction of in vitro cell survival for proton therapy
Authors: Kalholm Fredrik , Grzanka Leszek , Toma‐Dasu Iuliana , Bassler Niels 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor proton therapy, a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 has broadly been applied clinically. However, as unexpected toxicities have been observed by the end of the proton tracks, variable RBE models have been proposed. Typically, the dose‐averaged linear energy transfer (LETd) has been used as an input variable for these models but the way the LETd was defined, calculated, or determined was not always consistent, potentially impacting the corresponding RBE value.PurposeThis study compares consistently calculated LETd with other quantities as input variables for a phenomenological RBE model and attempts to determine which quantity that can best predicts proton RBE. The comparison was performed within the frame of introducing a new model for the proton RBE.MethodsHigh‐throughput experimental setups of in vitro cell survival studies for proton RBE determination are simulated using the SHIELD‐HIT12A Monte Carlo particle transport code. Together with LET, , here called effective Q (Qeff), and Q are scored. Each quantity is calculated using the dose and track averaging methods, because the scoring includes all hadronic particles, all protons or only primaries. A phenomenological linear‐quadratic‐based RBE model is subsequently applied to the in vitro data with the various beam quality descriptors used as input variables and the goodness of fit is determined and compared using a bootstrapping approach. Both linear and nonlinear fit functions were tested.ResultsVersions of Qeff and Q outperform LET with a statistically significant margin, with the best nonlinear and linear fit having a relative root mean square error (RMSE) for RBE2Gy ± one standard error of 1.55 ± 0.04 (Qeff, t, primary) and 2.84 ± 0.07 (Qeff, d, primary), respectively. For comparison, the corresponding best nonlinear and linear fits for LETd, all protons had a relative RMSE of 2.07 ± 0.06 and 3.39 ± 0.08, respectively. Applying Welch's t‐test for comparing the calculated RMSE of RBE2Gy resulted in two‐tailed p‐values of <0.002 for all Q and Qeff quantities compared to LETd, all protons.ConclusionsThe study shows that Q or Qeff could be better RBE descriptors that dose averaged LET.
High SNR rapid T1‐weighted MPRAGE using spiral imaging with long readouts and improved deblurring
Authors: Wang Dinghui , Robison Ryan K. , Li Zhiqiang , Pipe James G. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe goal of this work is to present the implementation of 3D spiral high‐resolution MPRAGE and to demonstrate that SNR and scan efficiency increase with the increment of readout time.TheorySimplified signal equations for MPRAGE indicate that the T1 contrast can be kept approximately the same by a simple relationship between the flip angle and the TR. Furthermore, if T1 contrast remains the same, image SNR depends on the square root of the product of the total scan time and the readout time.MethodsMPRAGE spiral sequences were implemented with distributed spirals and spiral staircase on 3 Tesla scanners. Brain images of three volunteers were acquired with different readout times. Spiral images were processed with a joint water–fat separation and deblurring algorithm and compared to Cartesian images. Pure noise data sets were also acquired for SNR evaluation.ResultsConsistent T1 weighting can be achieved with various spiral readout lengths, and between spiral MPRAGE imaging and the traditional Cartesian MPRAGE imaging. Noise performance analysis demonstrates higher SNR efficiency of spiral MPRAGE imaging with matched T1 contrast compared to the Cartesian reference imaging.ConclusionFast, high SNR MPRAGE imaging is feasible with long readout spiral trajectories.
MAGORINO: Magnitude‐only fat fraction and R*2estimation with Rician noise modeling
Authors: Bray Timothy J. P. , Bainbridge Alan , Lim Emma , Hall‐Craggs Margaret A. , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2022

PurposeMagnitude‐based fitting of chemical shift–encoded data enables proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and estimation where complex‐based methods fail or when phase data are inaccessible or unreliable. However, traditional magnitude‐based fitting algorithms do not account for Rician noise, creating a source of bias. To address these issues, we propose an algorithm for magnitude‐only PDFF and estimation with Rician noise modeling (MAGORINO).MethodsSimulations of multi‐echo gradient‐echo signal intensities are used to investigate the performance and behavior of MAGORINO over the space of clinically plausible PDFF, , and SNR values. Fitting performance is assessed through detailed simulation, including likelihood function visualization, and in a multisite, multivendor, and multi‐field‐strength phantom data set and in vivo.ResultsSimulations show that Rician noise–based magnitude fitting outperforms existing Gaussian noise–based fitting and reveals two key mechanisms underpinning the observed improvement. First, the likelihood functions exhibit two local optima; Rician noise modeling increases the chance that the global optimum corresponds to the ground truth. Second, when the global optimum corresponds to ground truth for both noise models, the optimum from Rician noise modeling is closer to ground truth. Multisite phantom experiments show good agreement of MAGORINO PDFF with reference values, and in vivo experiments replicate the performance benefits observed in simulation.ConclusionThe MAGORINO algorithm reduces Rician noise–related bias in PDFF and estimation, thus addressing a key limitation of existing magnitude‐only fitting methods. Our results offer insight into the importance of the noise model for selecting the correct optimum when multiple plausible optima exist.
Tissue optimization strategies for high‐quality ex vivo diffusion imaging
Authors: Barrett Rachel L. C. , Cash Diana , Simmons Camilla , Kim Eugene , Wood Tobias C. , Stones Richard , Vernon Anthony C. , Catani Marco , Dell'Acqua Flavio 
Published: November 2022

Ex vivo diffusion imaging can be used to study healthy and pathological tissue microstructure in the rodent brain with high resolution, providing a link between in vivo MRI and ex vivo microscopy techniques. Major challenges for the successful acquisition of ex vivo diffusion imaging data however are changes in the relaxivity and diffusivity of brain tissue following perfusion fixation.In this study we address this question by examining the combined effects of tissue preparation factors that influence signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and consequently image quality, including fixative concentration, contrast agent concentration and tissue rehydration time. We present an optimization strategy combining these factors to manipulate the
and
of fixed tissue and maximize SNR efficiency.We apply this strategy in the rat brain, for a diffusion‐weighted spin echo protocol with TE = 27 ms on a 9.4 T scanner with a 39 mm volume coil and 660 mT/m 114 mm gradient insert. We used a reduced fixative concentration of 2% paraformaldehyde (PFA), rehydration time more than 20 days, 15 mM Gd‐DTPA in perfusate and TR 250 ms. This resulted in a doubling of SNR and an increase in SNR per unit time of 135% in cortical grey matter and 88% in white matter compared with 4% PFA and no contrast agent.This improved SNR efficiency enabled the acquisition of excellent‐quality high‐resolution (78
m isotropic voxel size) diffusion data with b = 4000 s/mm
, 30 diffusion directions and a field of view of
mm3 in less than 4 days. It was also possible to achieve comparable data quality for a standard resolution (150
m) diffusion dataset in
h.In conclusion, the tissue optimization strategy presented here may be used to improve SNR, increase spatial resolution and/or allow faster acquisitions in preclinical ex vivo diffusion MRI experiments.
Experiences and needs of older adults at different stages of cerebral infarction based on trajectory theory—A qualitative study
Authors: Tang Xianping , Sun Hong , Ge Song , Han Shuyu , Li Ying , Wu Bei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, stroke has become the second leading cause of death worldwide, and the incidence and mortality of ischemic stroke have increased significantly. This study mainly aimed to explore the experiences and needs of older adults at different stages of cerebral infarction based on the chronic illness trajectory theory.MethodsData were collected from 22 older adults experiencing the onset, acute, and stable stages of stroke through semi‐structured interviews and were analyzed using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological approach.ResultsMultiple themes and subthemes emerged on the experiences and needs of older adults at different stages of cerebral infarction based on the three dimensions of the long‐term disease trajectory theory: illness‐related work, biographical work, and everyday life work. Seven themes were extracted for illness‐related work, six for biographical work, and eight for everyday life work.DiscussionsThe treatment, nursing, and rehabilitation of cerebral infarction are complex. This study indicated that patients after cerebral infarction have different experiences and needs for illness‐related work. They also have distinctive and dynamically changing demands for biographical work and everyday life work.ConclusionsThe experiences and needs of older patients with cerebral infarction changed dynamically at different stages of the disease. Healthcare professionals should develop effective interventions targeting these needs at various disease stages, provide patients with continuous support to shape their disease trajectories, and maintain patients' stability.