bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Racial Disparities in Aspirin Prophylaxis for Preeclampsia Prevention
Authors: Ragunanthan Nina W. , Lamb Jordan , Hauspurg Alisse , Beck Stacy 
Published: February 2022

Objective Low-dose aspirin is recommended for preeclampsia prevention among women with high-risk conditions, including chronic hypertension. Black women have higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and whether this is related to disparities in aspirin prophylaxis is unknown. We investigated the relationship between race and counseling/prescription and uptake of aspirin among a cohort of women with chronic hypertension.
Study Design This is a single-institution, retrospective cohort study of women with chronic hypertension who delivered between 2016 and 2018. Medical record review was performed to assess counseling/prescription of aspirin prophylaxis and self-reported uptake. Self-reported uptake was determined by mention in the provider's notes or by inclusion in the medication reconciliation system. Demographic and obstetric outcome data were compared by self-reported race (Black vs. all other races) in univariate analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between race and aspirin adherence.
Results We included 872 women: 361 (41.4%) Black women and 511 (58.6%) white or other race women. Overall, 567 (65.0%) women were counseled and/or given a prescription for aspirin, and 411 (72.4%) of those women reported uptake. Black women were equally likely to be counseled and/or prescribed aspirin compared with all other races (67.3 vs. 63.4%; p = 0.7). However, Black women were less likely to report uptake of aspirin (63.8 vs. 79.0%; p < 0.001). After adjustment for total prenatal visits and tobacco use, Black race was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.53 (95% confidence interval: 0.36–0.78) for uptake of aspirin.
Conclusion In our cohort, recommendation for aspirin prophylaxis was suboptimal in all groups, reaching only 65% of eligible women. Black women were equally likely as women of other races to receive counseling about aspirin, but rates of uptake were lower. Our findings suggest that counseling and prescription of aspirin alone in high-risk Black women are not sufficient for utilization of this intervention.
Key Points
Perinatal Outcomes of Twin Gestations with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sarkar Arjun , Caughey Aaron B. , Cheng Yvonne W. , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: February 2022

Objective Existing data suggest that obstetric outcomes for individuals with twin gestations, who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), may be comparable to those who do not have GDM, yet studies are limited by small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to examine differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes of individuals with twin gestations based on presence of GDM.
Methods This was a population-based retrospective cohort study of individuals giving birth to twins in the United States between 2012 and 2014. Inclusion criteria were live births (≥24 weeks) and available information on GDM status; individuals with pregestational diabetes were excluded. Participants were categorized as either having had or not had GDM. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to assess the independent association of GDM with adverse maternal outcomes, whereas generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate associations with neonatal outcomes to account for clustering.
Results Of 173,196 individuals meeting inclusion criteria, 13,194 (7.6%) had GDM. Individuals with GDM were more likely to be older, identify as Hispanic or Asian race and ethnicity, married, college educated, privately insured, and obese than those without GDM. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, those with GDM were more likely to have hypertensive disorders (18.0 vs. 10.2%) and undergo cesarean delivery (51.2 vs. 47.3%). Neonates born to individuals with GDM were more likely to require mechanical ventilation for greater than 6 hours (6.5 vs. 5.6%) and experience neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (41.1 vs. 36.2%), but were less likely to be low birth weight or have small for gestational age status (16.2 vs. 19.5%). Findings were confirmed in a sensitivity analysis of neonates born at 32 weeks of gestation or greater.
Conclusion Odds of poor obstetric and neonatal outcomes are increased for individuals with twin gestations complicated by GDM.
Key Points
Friction Syndromes of the Knee
Authors: Pharis Hunter , Kong Andrew , Robbins Mike , Waranch Christy , Wissman Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe knee is a complex joint with many fascial and ligamentous interactions. The movement in multiple planes makes the knee a prime site for friction syndromes, especially in active individuals. The most common friction syndrome is the iliotibial band friction syndrome. This occurs commonly in runners and cyclists and can be diagnosed clinically in a patient with lateral knee pain during activity. The anterior fat pads of the knee can also be the site of friction syndromes, most often in the Hoffa fat pad. Edema here can be located in the superolateral aspect of the fat pad when associated with patellar abnormalities, or diffusely when impingement is due to other causes. Edema of the quadriceps or prefemoral fat pad may also cause anterior knee pain and may be diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging. The posteromedial friction syndrome and medial tibial crest syndrome are rare causes of medial knee pain highly active individuals.
Evaluation and Management of Intra-Articular Tumors of the Knee
Authors: Auran Richard L. , Martin John R. , Duran Michael D. , de Comas Amalia M. , Jacofsky David J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntra-articular tumors of the knee are most commonly benign. Overall, this is a relatively rare clinical presentation. The differential diagnosis includes pigmented villonodular synovitis, synovial chondromatosis, lipoma arborescens, synovial hemangioma, and very rarely primary sarcoma (synovial sarcoma being the most common). The clinical presentation for these conditions is usually non-specific, but radiographic and advanced imaging findings are able to differentiate some of these tumors. It is essential to obtain and send tissue specimens to pathology for histologic analysis to rule out a primary malignancy as a missed diagnosis can have grave implications on patient outcomes. This review summarized key aspects of diagnosis and treatment for these conditions.
Analysis of Genetic Variations in Connexin 26 (GJB2) Gene among Nonsyndromic Hearing Impairment: Familial Study
Authors: Hegde Smita , Hegde Rajat , Kulkarni Suyamindra S. , Das Kusal K. , Gai Pramod B. , Bulagouda Rudragouda S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The goal of this research was to investigate the gap junction beta 2 (GJB2) gene mutations associated with nonsyndromic hearing loss individuals in North Karnataka, India.
Materials and Methods For this study, patients with sensorineural genetic hearing abnormalities and a family history of deafness were included. A total of 35 patients from 20 families have been included in the study. The patient's DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. The GJB2 gene coding region was analyzed through Sanger sequencing.
Results There is no changes in the first exon of the GJB2 gene. Nine different variants were recorded in second exon of the targeted gene. W24X and W77X are two nonsense mutations and three polymorphisms viz. R127H, V153I, and I33T were reported along with four 3′-UTR variants. A total (9/20) of 45% of families have been identified with mutations in the targeted gene.
Conclusion GJB2 mutations were identified in 19 deaf-mute patients (19/35), and 13 patients were homozygous for the mutations identified in our study cohort. In our study, W24X mutation was found to be the pathogenic with a high percentage, prompting further evaluation of the other genes, along with the study of additional genetic or external causes in the families, which is essential.
Paths and patterns of value capture innovation in sharing economy
Authors: Grieco Cecilia , Iasevoli Gennaro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to investigate value capture innovation in sharing economy platforms. Revenue management and pricing strategies are indeed pivotal aspects platforms should care about when (re)configuring their business models. A mixed-method investigation has been performed to achieve this goal: a longitudinal content analysis and a case studies analysis. Results from the first step of the research show that four main typologies of innovation emerge in the analyzed platforms. Furthermore, the case studies analysis reveals three main patterns (Network, Monetization, Lock-in) and the possible paths a platform can undergo when innovate its value capture mechanisms.
Current water quality guidelines across North America and Europe do not protect lakes from salinization
Authors: Hintz William D. , Arnott Shelley E. , Symons Celia C. , Greco Danielle A. , McClymont Alexandra , Brentrup Jennifer A. , Cañedo-Argüelles Miguel , Derry Alison M. , Downing Amy L. , Gray Derek K. , Melles Stephanie J. , Relyea Rick A. , Rusak James A. , Searle Catherine L. , Astorg Louis , Baker Henry K. , Beisner Beatrix E. , Cottingham Kathryn L. , Ersoy Zeynep , Espinosa Carmen , Franceschini Jaclyn , Giorgio Angelina T. , Göbeler Norman , Hassal Emily , Hébert Marie-Pier , Huynh Mercedes , Hylander Samuel , Jonasen Kacie L. , Kirkwood Andrea E. , Langenheder Silke , Langvall Ola , Laudon Hjalmar , Lind Lovisa , Lundgren Maria , Proia Lorenzo , Schuler Matthew S. , Shurin Jonathan B. , Steiner Christopher F. , Striebel Maren , Thibodeau Simon , Urrutia-Cordero Pablo , Vendrell-Puigmitja Lidia , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The salinity of freshwater ecosystems is increasing worldwide. Given that most freshwater organisms have no recent evolutionary history with high salinity, we expect them to have a low tolerance to elevated salinity caused by road deicing salts, agricultural practices, mining operations, and climate change. Leveraging the results from a network of experiments conducted across North America and Europe, we showed that salt pollution triggers a massive loss of important zooplankton taxa, which led to increased phytoplankton biomass at many study sites. We conclude that current water quality guidelines established by governments in North America and Europe do not adequately protect lake food webs, indicating an immediate need to establish guidelines where they do not exist and to reassess existing guidelines.
Proton therapy monitoring: spatiotemporal emission reconstruction with prompt gamma timing and implementation with PET detectors
Authors: Pennazio Francesco , Ferrero Veronica , D’Onghia Grazia , Garbolino Sara , Fiorina Elisa , Marti Villarreal Oscar Ariel , Mas Milian Felix , Monaco Vincenzo , Monti Valeria , Patera Alessandra , Werner Julius , Wheadon Richard , Rafecas Magdalena 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective. In this study we introduce spatiotemporal emission reconstruction prompt gamma timing (SER-PGT), a new method to directly reconstruct the prompt photon emission in the space and time domains inside the patient in proton therapy. Approach. SER-PGT is based on the numerical optimisation of a multidimensional likelihood function, followed by a post-processing of the results. The current approach relies on a specific implementation of the maximum-likelihood expectation maximisation algorithm. The robustness of the method is guaranteed by the complete absence of any information about the target composition in the algorithm. Main results. Accurate Monte Carlo simulations indicate a range resolution of about 0.5 cm (standard deviation) when considering 107 primary protons impinging on an homogeneous phantom. Preliminary results on an anthropomorphic phantom are also reported. Significance. By showing the feasibility for the reconstruction of the primary particle range using PET detectors, this study provides significant basis for the development of an hybrid in-beam PET and prompt photon device.
Quantum public key encryption scheme with four states key
Authors: Liu Zhixin , Xie Qiaoling , Zha Yongfu , Dong Yumin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Asymmetric encryption has some important applications in the field of communication. In classical computers, most public key encryption schemes are designed based on computational assumption. In other words, they can ensure computational security. When the computing power is large enough, it will pose a threat to these encryption schemes. We propose a quantum public key encryption scheme which based on properties of quantum physics. Our scheme realizes encryption and decryption with few resources and does not rely on any computational assumption. The key in our scheme consists of classical bits and qubits. Where the private key are classical bit and public key are qubits. The public key are generated through private key. We analyze the performance and security of the scheme. Our scheme ensures the information-theoretic secure and can be implemented easily.
Effect of temperature on band gap of PbWO4 single crystals grown by Czochralski method
Authors: Isik M , Gasanly N M , Darvishov N H , Bagiev V E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The structural and optical properties of PbWO4 single crystals grown by Czochralski method and investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission experiments. XRD pattern presented well-defined and intensive peaks related with tetragonal scheelite structure. Transmission experiments were accomplished for the first time at various temperatures between 10 and 300 K on PbWO4 single crystals to reveal variation of band gap with temperature. Derivative spectroscopy method presented the experimentally observed band gap energy as increasing from 3.20 to 3.35 eV when the temperature was decreased to 10 K from room temperature. The revealed energy was associated with transition taking place between delocalized and trap levels. Temperature-band gap energy plot was analyzed by Varshni and Bose–Einstein models. The fitting processes under the light of these models revealed optical characteristics of absolute zero experimentally observed band gap, variation rate of gap energy with temperature and Debye temperature of PbWO4 single crystal.
One-dimensional electro- magneto-poro-thermoelastic wave propagation in a functionally graded medium with energy dissipation
Authors: Mirparizi Mina , Zhang Chunwei , Amiri Mohammad Javad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Laser-induced wave propagation and reflection phenomenon in a functionally graded porous medium subjected to electro- magnetic field is studied in the present research. Firstly, a modified generalized thermoelastic theory named Modified Green Lindsay (MGL) for wave propagation in a porous medium is developed. The properties of the medium are considered as a temperature-dependent nonlinear function. Furthermore, the influence of thermal and mechanical rates in the modified generalized equations are considered. An updated FEM and Newmark’s technique are applied to solve the time-dependent and nonlinear equations. The second Piola-Kirchhoff stress, temperature and displacement distributions in the body subjected to laser shock are presented graphically. Based on the results, the wave propagation amplitude in the body subjected to heat flux reduces over time because of the backplane influenced by convection heat transfer. Wave propagation is more obvious in MGL simulation outcomes compared to the classical ones. In addition, it is observed that the MGL simulation is superior in presenting more exact wave propagation in comparison to the simple GL theory. As the boundary condition receives the most energy due to the laser pulse, the maximum variations of the volume fraction are experienced in this boundary.
Two-point diameter calibration of a sphere using a micro-coordinate measuring machine at NMIJ
Authors: Kondo Yohan , Hirai Akiko , Youichi Bitou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) has developed a highly accurate two-point diameter measurement method of a sphere using a micro-coordinate measuring machine (µ-CMM) with a low-force two-dimensional touch probe. The measured sphere is used as a reference to calibrate the probe of other µ-CMM in industry. Our strategy for measuring sphere’s diameter is that the probe radius of NMIJ’s µ-CMM is calibrated using a reference gauge block, and the NMIJ’s µ-CMM using the calibrated probe measures the mean two-point diameter of a sphere. To achieve the highly accurate calibration of the reference gauge block, we have adopted a double-sided interferometer (DSI) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM). The DSI measures the length of gauge block without wringing. The phase correction value of the gauge block is evaluated by measuring the surface roughness using the AFM. Using the DSI and AFM, the mechanical length of reference gauge block was obtained with the expanded uncertainty of 13 nm (k = 2). Then, the probe radius of NMIJ’s µ-CMM was also calibrated using the reference gauge block calibrated by the DSI and the AFM. The µ-CMM’s probe radius was obtained with the expanded uncertainty of 10 nm (k = 2). Finally, the µ-CMM measured the mean two-point diameter of a sphere with the expanded uncertainty 21 nm (k = 2) was demonstrated.
Analysis of finite-size effect of infinite-range Ising model under Glauber dynamics
Authors: Komatsu Hisato 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We consider an infinite-range Ising model under the Glauber dynamics and determine the finite-size effect on the distribution of two spin variables as a perturbation of

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. Based on several considerations, ordinary differential equations are derived for describing the time development of both a two-body correlation and the autocorrelation function of magnetization. The results of the calculation fit the simulation results, unless the perturbation theory breaks down because of critical phenomena or magnetization reversal.
Finite size scaling functions of the phase transition in the ferromagnetic Ising model on random regular graphs
Authors: Kulkarni Suman , Dhar Deepak 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe discuss the finite-size scaling of the ferromagnetic Ising model on random regular graphs. These graphs are locally tree-like, and in the limit of large graphs, the Bethe approximation gives the exact free energy per site. In the thermodynamic limit, the Ising model on these graphs show a phase transition. This transition is rounded off for finite graphs. We verify the scaling theory prediction that this rounding off is described in terms of the scaling variable [T/Tc− 1]S1/2(whereTandTcare the temperature and the critical temperature respectively, andSis the number of sites in the graph), andnotin terms of a power of the diameter of the graph, which varies as log S. We determine the theoretical scaling functions for the specific heat capacity and the magnetic susceptibility of the absolute value of the magnetization in closed form and compare them to Monte Carlo simulations.
Single transition of discrete Laplacian roughening model on a square lattice
Authors: Lee Jae Hwan , Kim Jin Min 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the discrete Laplacian roughening surface model on a square lattice. The specific heat is calculated by the density of states, which is obtained by the Wang–Landau Monte Carlo simulation method. We find a single second-order phase transition which is not the Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, and obtain the critical exponents ν = 0.711(13) and α = 0.601(28). The finite-size scaling analysis for the first zeros of the partition function confirms the exponents independently.
Design of Teaching Platform for ABS Wheel Speed Sensor
Authors: Wang Bin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to ensure driving safety, ABS brake systems are currently installed on cars. When the ABS is working, it needs to detect the wheel speed signal through the wheel speed sensor to realize continuous braking and relaxation to prevent the wheels from locking up. In daily teaching, it is difficult for students to observe the working process of the wheel speed sensor, and then understand the working condition of ABS in the braking process. So according to the working principle of electromagnetic induction wheel speed sensor, a simple experimental bench was designed and manufactured. This bench can clearly display the changes of the voltage generated by the sensors at different speeds during the rotation of the wheel, and then simulate the changes in the signal when the ABS is working.
Design of moisture real-time detection system for grain dryer
Authors: Hu Yong , Jiang Yongcheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
STM32 MCU is used as the core control chip, and the parallel plate is designed as the data acquisition terminal of capacitance sensor. The parallel plate is a capacitive sensor to collect the moisture data of grain in the dryer, through AD conversion, signal processing. Through RS485 communication, the signal will be transmitted to the top computer for real-time display. The operator can calibrate grain moisture in real time through the upper computer. The influence of grain temperature and volume on capacitance was studied, and a mathematical model describing capacitance and moisture content was established, and the model was verified. Through field experiments, the reliability of the system was confirmed, and the accuracy of online monitoring could reach within 0.5%, which fully met the requirements.
Performance evaluation method of closed-loop system considering sensor degradation
Authors: Gao AiGuo , Liu Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To improve the closed loop control system in the accuracy of the parts when degraded performance evaluation, this paper proposes a new performance evaluation method based on improved relative entropy index, first of all, the original asymmetric relative entropy distance measure improvement for symmetric distance measure, and then through the unbounded function mapping index improved to (0, 1) range of bounded indicators. In the Gaussian case, the index value can be calculated from the mean and variance of the data. Finally, the influence of sensor degradation in the control system on the performance of the control system is considered, and a simulation model including sensor degradation is established by Matlab/Simulink. The improved relative entropy index is used to evaluate the performance. Compared with the minimum variance index, this method can evaluate the performance of the control system flexibly and effectively when the sensor degradation.
Application and Key Research Technology of Angle Head
Authors: Lin Xiaoliang , Li Yueyang , Song Weihai , Liu Xin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Angle head is a kind of machine tool accessory. After the angle head is installed on the machine tool, the rotation center line of the tool can be angled with the spindle rotation center line to process the workpiece. It has been widely used in various fields of machining such as aerospace, automobile, engineering machinery, etc. The use of an angle head can increase the processing range and adaptability of the machine tool, enable some processing that is difficult to complete with traditional methods, and reduce the repeated clamping of the workpiece, and improve the processing accuracy and efficiency. This paper briefly introduces the application occasions of angle heads and several classification methods, focusing on the characteristics of 90° angle heads, universal angle heads, specific angle output angle heads and non-standard customized angle heads. It also summarizes the current situation and key research technologies of the angle head, and finally looks forward to the application and development trend of the angle head.