bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Allure of the “All”
Authors: Lachs John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter sketches an account of flourishing that resists the allure of overgeneralization and universal pronouncements. It does justice to the staggering variety of human lives and satisfactions. Because there is no one human endeavor or satisfaction that constitutes the essence of human life, any successful account of flourishing must be radically pluralistic and relational. Aristotle and Mill provided the most plausible accounts of well-being, but even their views are overly narrow. An effective philosophy of flourishing must be committed to letting people pursue their fulfillments in their own ways. In this undertaking, a broad-minded philosophy can be an effective antidote to smug self-certainty, effective resistance against exclusive occupation with the past, and a site of large fulfillments and expanded meanings.
Flourishing
Authors: Stuhr John J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
ABSTRACT: I identify ten important pitfalls that must be avoided for a concept of flourishing to have both practical, operational meaning and critical, normative use. I next set forth a multivalent, five-dimensional, pluralistic account of flourishing to provide this clarity and critical force. The upshot is pragmatic: We should stop asking which concept of flourishing is really correct and instead ask how and why any particular one is illuminating and useful. Finally, I stress the place of habits in a flourishing life in an always changing world. Flourishing is thus a life of creative and flexible habits—including imagining, perceiving, thinking, and acting on the unhabitual—an undertaking William James termed “genius.” This sort of life—one for which philosophy provides many skills and insights--is marked by fluidity and ease but also by self-interruption and discomfort and its hopes.
Navigating Irreconcilable Conflicts
Authors: Gallegos Lori 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
If the growth of popular self-care movements is any indicator, individuals are often viewed as largely responsible for cultivating and protecting their own flourishing. This view is often helpful, but it risks generating unrealistic and harmful expectations about individual agency. This chapter pushes back against these expectations. Wellbeing has many dimensions, including the material, the personal, and the interpersonal. As a result, the pursuit of wellbeing in any one dimension of life can conflict with the pursuit of wellbeing in other areas of life. These conflicts are the inevitable result of our human finitude, but they are also exacerbated by oppressive social conditions. The chapter investigates how philosophical thinking might be useful in light of the recognition that wellbeing often depends not merely on one’s personal psychological management, but also on the transformation of oppressive social conditions.
Relational Insensitivity and the Interdependence of Flourishing and Withering
Authors: Medina José 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
People’s lives and pursuits are interconnected and interdependent. People may seek to flourish in mutually supportive ways or at the cost of others. In individualistic societies, agents, groups, and institutions typically have a blind spot for how the flourishing they pursue in their own paths of development may be entangled with the differential flourishing possibilities and even the withering of others. This chapter argues that this blind spot is in fact a cultivated insensitivity or active ignorance, what this chapter calls relational insensitivity. Relational insensitivity reflects the failure of an epistemic responsibility: the responsibility of being attuned to the interdependence of ways of flourishing and withering entangled with our own flourishing and withering. Drawing from feminist theory and critical race theory and critically engaging with William James, the chapter shows that there is a Will-Not-to-Know that is at the core of American individualism and has been at the service of imperialistic and neo-colonial attitudes and practices. The first section exploits the convergence between pragmatism and feminist standpoint theory to give an account of the critical attentiveness to lived experiences needed for relational sensitivity, that is, attunement to the interdependence between one’s flourishing/withering and that of others. The second section supplements this account in conversation with critical race theory and epistemologies of ignorance through an elucidation of relational insensitivity and its roots in practices of social deadening. The final section sketches a proposal for resisting relational insensitivity through epistemic activism, illustrated by the work of the Colombian visual artist Doris Salcedo.
Introduction to Cinema, Media, and Human Flourishing
Authors: Corrigan Timothy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tales of happiness, well-being, and human flourishing might seem only an occasional part of a film and media history characterized by troubled melodramas, violent crime and action films, and tragic historical epics. Yet movie history features numerous films and genres in which cinematic narratives about human fulfillment stand out as remarkable and defining achievements. These films have celebrated the personal and social resiliencies and triumphs of people pursuing meaningful social and personal lives, along the way often dramatizing the abilities of individuals and groups to overcome social, psychological, and physical setbacks as they pursue and often achieve different kinds of personal fulfillment. In the majority of these films, various psychological and social crises and impediments both enrich and complicate these pursuits, suggesting that even in films in which the characters’ implicit or explicit goals are to achieve certain values, relationships, and achievements, these films often require a narrative drama of conflict out of which the possibility a personal and social well-being might eventually emerge.
Human Relationship as Human Value in Studio-Era Hollywood
Authors: Polan Dana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Studio-era Hollywood proffers models of humanness and human relationship within a value system I term oneness, twoness, and many-ness. Oneness concerns characters living for or by themselves, and ultimately suffering from that isolation. On the one hand is the hedonist (e.g., gangster Rocky Sullivan in Angels with Dirty Faces [1938]) leading a high life of empty thrills. On the other hand, the cynic, wounded by human relationship and wallowing in self-lacerating isolation (e.g., Rick in Casablanca [1942]). To live solely for oneself, Hollywood films suggest, is to live incompletely. In one narrative solution the monadic hero goes it alone but only insofar as separation from society becomes a way to help that society: the individualistic sacrifice of maternal melodramas like Stella Dallas, but also narratives of sacrificial conversion, like Angels with Dirty Faces itself, in which Rocky feigns cowardice to turn delinquent boys against the gangster life they so wanted to emulate. Yet Hollywood films have difficulty imagining collectivity as a space of flourishing, worrying instead that people act through collective hysteria (e.g., Fritz Lang’s first U.S. film Fury, in which everyday American citizens readily turn into a lynch mob). Between stunted individuals and mindless mobs, many Hollywood films offer the romantic couple as an ideal so strong it sets itself up as extra-social (e.g., the 1939 adaptation of Wuthering Heights pointedly leaves out the next generation to concentrate on Heathcliff and Cathy turning their back [literally so] on polite but conventional British society).
Learning to Adapt From Pathology to Splendor
Authors: Corrigan Timothy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Interdisciplinary projects devoted to “human flourishing” often map and evaluate the activities of immersion, embeddedness, socialization, and reflectiveness, positions entirely relevant to the cinematic. Here, however, I will refocus those broader categories on a particular activity associated with cinematic adaptation and its implicit pedagogical lesson of “learning to adapt.” My focus on adaptive values as a source of individual and social growth concerns specifically the spectatorial dynamics of negotiating film adaptations as an emotional, cognitive, social, and even corporeal exercise in changing mobilities. My touchstone for the pedagogy of these adaptive mobilities will be the 2003 film American Splendor, a movie ostensibly about the pathologically misfit cartoonist Harvey Pekar but that is in fact about the flexibility, delights, and value of shifting representational identities.
Austerity Media and Human Flourishing
Authors: Petro Patrice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, I explore the ideology, economics, and aesthetics of what I call “austerity media.” I focus on texts that tell unconventional stories about people often ignored—hoarders, street hustlers, and transgender people, all living on the edge in an increasingly austere age. The ideology of austerity is often linked to the ideology of self-help that suggests that individuals rather than systems of power require modification. In the context of the loss of public resources, popular culture attempts to make cultural sense of these complex developments. But the economics of austerity media also encompasses the proliferation of cheap media productions, which, in turn, provide compelling examples of austere economic practices. Reality TV is one example, but so are neo-documentaries, made on extreme micro-budgets, and shot in a neo-neorealist style, such as Sean Baker’s recent Tangerine and The Florida Project. Through an analysis of reality television shows about hoarding and these two recent films, I aim explore the ideology, economics, and aesthetics of austerity, as well as distinct scholarly approaches to understanding austerity’s impact and reach. I am interested in these media texts because they tell us a lot about how life is lived today in the context of over-consumption, planned obsolescence, and vast mountains of disavowed waste. They tell us about dwelling and dispossession, but also reveal impulses to hope and prospects for human flourishing.
Legalizing God-Optional Religion
Authors: May Isaac Barnes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses how God-optional religion spread into the American legal system. It focuses on conscientious objection, which had traditionally required objectors to believe in God. In the 1965 Supreme Court case United States v. Seeger, Quakers and other liberal religious groups backed the case of an agnostic man who sought to challenge the restriction of conscientious objection to theists. This was partly an effort to protect their own theological convictions. In the religious upheaval of the 1960s, these efforts found a sympathetic audience with the Supreme Court, which expanded legal protections beyond theists. The legal acceptance of God-optional views indicates just how widespread the ideas first taught in these small religious communities eventually became.
The Rome Statute Creating a New Legal Field
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes how Moreno Ocampo studied the Rome Statute system to plan its implementation. It refers to the Versailles Treaty establishing the basic ideas and Stalin’s role promoting a jus ad Curiam decision creating Nuremberg. During the Rome Conference, the opposition to an Office of the Prosecutor with proprio motu authority was the primary US delegation’s objection. One hundred twenty states decided to contradict the US proposal and provided independent power to the Office of the Prosecutor to trigger the court’s jurisdiction creating an autonomous international criminal justice system. The book distinguishes between two coexisting and interrelated models of international criminal justice: a system integrated by 193 states UN members, led by UN Security Council, and a subsystem under the Rome Statute integrated by two-thirds of those states combined with the ICC. International criminal justice in the UN system is a state or a Council’s choice. In the Rome Statute system, justice is mandatory. The Rome Statute redefined the limits between crimes under the national authorities’ exclusive jurisdiction and those of “concern to the international community as a whole.” The Rome Statute provided a global model to manage violence with some similarities to the one proposed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1910.
The Prosecutor’s Authority in the Jus ad Curiam Phase
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The concept of “power conferring” norms developed by H.L.A. Hart and Hans Kelsen explains the innovation created by the Rome Statute in the jus ad Curiam phase. The Rome Statute included a new judicial actor in a political arena conferring power to the ICC prosecutor to trigger independently the court jurisdiction. The chapter describes the preliminary examination standards developed by the Office of the Prosecutor, summarizes its jus ad Curiam decisions and the chambers’ rulings.
The Uganda Preliminary Examination
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the jus ad Curiam decisions adopted by the Office of the Prosecutor and the Ugandan government to open an investigation in Uganda. It presents the distinction between situation and case, the meaning of the interest of the victims under Article 53 (1) (c), and the consolidation of the policy to invite states to refer their own situations to the International Criminal Court (ICC). It also describes the Article 53 report evaluating crimes against humanity and war crimes committed by different parties in Uganda since July 2002. The chapter details how the office obtained a referral under confidentiality focused exclusively on LRA crimes. The prosecution clarified to the Ugandan authorities that the referral included the entire situation of Northern Uganda and that the office would select the cases. The chapter also presents the critical views of different groups: local leaders, peace negotiators, humanitarian workers, and legal experts.
Preliminary Examinations in Honduras, Nigeria, Korea, Georgia, and Guinea
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter details how the Office of the Prosecutor conducted preliminary examinations in Honduras, Korea, Nigeria, Georgia, and Guinea. The geographical dispersions and the variety of the circumstances help to perceive the functioning of the autonomous criminal justice system established by the Rome Statute. The Office of the Prosecutor respected its legal frame and the decisions of other actors reduced or increased its contribution to the prevention of future crimes. Except for North Korea, all the states involved cooperated with the Office of the Prosecutor. The Rome Statute was a constraint for different actors in Georgia and Nigeria and played a suggestive preventive role in Honduras and Guinea.
Jus ad Curiam Decisions in Colombia
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes Colombia’s preliminary examination: different groups committing crimes against humanity, while there were thousands of judicial investigations. Colombia’s decision-makers, including the president, members of Congress, NGOs, the army, and judges took the Rome Statute into consideration. Colombia demobilized more than 30,000 paramilitaries and sent more than 1,500 to prisons. After the end of Moreno Ocampo’s tenure, Colombia produced an even more complex peace agreement with the FARC considering the Rome Statute requirements. Colombia’s preliminary examination lasted more than fifteen years and became the best example of “positive complementarity.”
The UN Security Council Resolution Referring the Darfur Situation to the ICC
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter explains the UN Security Council referral of the Darfur situation to the ICC. It exposes NGOs, activists, and experts promoting activities to investigate and stop the crimes. It also shows the leadership of international and national officers like Colin Powell and Kofi Annan. The US adopted a restricted interpretation of the Genocide Convention obligation to prevent the commission of genocide. The Rome Statute changed the UN Security Council’s functioning without changing the UN Charter. French permanent representative mobilized the “ICC-9” forcing the United States to accept the referral while respecting the American Service Patriot Act (ASPA). Before opening an investigation, the Office of the Prosecutor produced an Article 53 report analyzing the Darfur situation in terms of jurisdiction, complementarity, gravity, and the interest of justice.
War and Justice in the Gaddafi Case
Authors: Ocampo Luis Moreno 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the UN Security Council jus ad Bellum decision in Libya highlighting the substantial differences with the decisions adopted in Afghanistan and Iraq. It also presents the Office of the Prosecutor reevaluation of “the interest of justice,” confirming that the situation was admissible. The prosecution presented to the UN Security Council its plans to request arrest warrants receiving strong support. The chapter summarizes the request and the pre-trial chamber’s decision to issue three arrest warrants. The court was able to act decisively before the conflict ended. The Gaddafi regime collapsed. A group of rebels executed Muammar Gaddafi. Al-Sennusi escaped, was arrested in Mauritania, and extradited to Libya, where he was prosecuted. Saif Gaddafi tried to escape, but a Zintan militia arrested him. Libya challenged the admissibility of both cases before the ICC. The court accepted Libya’s position in the Al-Sennusi case and rejected it in the case against Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi. For the first time in the history of the court, an admissibility challenge was successful. In 2014, a new civil war started, and a separate Congress was established in Tobruk. It provided a general amnesty in 2015, and the Zintan militia released Saif Gaddafi. He challenged his case’s admissibility before the ICC, arguing that he was already prosecuted and convicted in absentia for the same crimes. The chambers rejected his arguments because there was not a final judgment of conviction. The 2011 UN Security Council’s jus ad Curiam and jus ad Bellum decisions were implemented. Still, Libya’s national political system could not manage the new conflicts, and new actors committed more crimes. Highlights Muammar Gaddafi forces that were still advancing to Benghazi after Luis Moreno Ocampo’s jus ad Curiam decision that opened an investigation into Libya. To protect civilians, in March 2011, the UN Security Council adopted a jus ad Bellum decision, which had substantial differences with the decisions adopted in Afghanistan and Iraq. It details how the Office of the Prosecutor had to investigate ongoing crimes committed in Libya in a highly politically charged scenario. The chapter looks at evidence that is collected for protecting witnesses and investigators and re-evaluated for the interest of justice, confirming that the situation was admissible. It recounts how Luis Moreno Ocampo warned the UN Security Council about planning to request arrest warrants during the briefing and was able to receive strong support.
Writing a Jewish Bioethics
Authors: Zoloth Laurie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The introduction sets out the concept of the book itself, describes the public hospital where it takes place, and considers the need in the field of bioethics for a different sort of book in Jewish bioethics. It sets in place the story of Esther as the first proof text of my method, which is to use close textual reasoning to illuminate classic narrative, from Hebrew Scripture or the Talmudic literature, and use the logic of that text as a way of thinking about a particular issue or case in clinical ethics. I explore a detail at the end of the Biblical story of Esther, which notes that Esther writes a second account of the story itself, in addition to the account made by Mordechai, and argue that this shows the importance of a “second scroll” or second text in Jewish ethics. This chapter introduces the way that memory about a clinical case, and reflective consideration of the case, can add much to our thinking about bioethics.
The Full Onus of Mercy
Authors: Zoloth Laurie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
What is the status of miracle in Jewish thought? Here, the source text is not a selection from the Talmud, but a poem by Israeli poet Yehuda Amachai, referencing God’s promise to Abraham about his children. We think about a case of a newborn baby with a fatal neurological condition born to a religious Jewish family. A full discussion of futility, as written about by my colleague, Susan Rubin, is part of the chapter. We will consider the details of how a case is considered within the traditional remit of Orthodox Jewish law in the United States, which follows the classic form of a shilah, or question, and a responsa from an expert in halacha and medicine. We will see how the dynamics of pediatric medicine work when legacy and progeny are at stake. Then we return to Talmudic text about miracles and reflect on their role in religious belief.
The Best Excavation Ever
Authors: Brier Bob 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter elucidates how Howard Carter’s excavation of Tutankhamun’s tomb set the standard for future Egyptian expeditions. Working together, Carter and photographer Harry Burton photographed every object in situ so they would have an exact record of where everything was found. Later, when the objects had been removed from the tomb, Burton photographed the objects from various perspectives, so there would be a definitive record of each object. In addition to these archaeological photographs, Burton also took a series of staged, well-lit photos of important and dramatic moments in the excavation’s history—taking down the wall, opening the shrines, examining the mummy, and so on. To this photographic record, Carter added hundreds of his own drawings on index cards to record details that might be lost in the photographs. Not only did Carter set standards for recording, but the laboratory he established in an empty tomb also set new standards for the conservation of objects on-site, enabling the fragile objects to be moved safely to Cairo. The chapter ends with a discussion of Tutankhamun’s legacy: how his tomb changed archaeological excavations, the antiquities trade, Egyptian politics, and the museum world.
Early and Middle Neolithic Signs to the Fourth Millennium BCE
Authors: Demattè Paola 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter summarizes the graphic evidence from Early to Middle Neolithic contexts in the core areas of the Yellow and Yangzi River valleys during the fifth and fourth millennium BCE. These marks and pictorial symbols played a role in the creation of the cultural and visual vocabulary of the pre-historic period. Given their simplicity and lack of widespread use they are unlikely to be directly related to the origin of Chinese writing, however they probably provided the foundation for the eventual development of more complex signs during the Late Neolithic.