bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUPERVISI TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN SMA NEGERI 5 SEKAYU
Authors: NUR’AINI NUR’AINI 
Published: April 2022

This best practice study aims to determine the effect of supervision on improving the performance of education personnel at SMA Negeri 5 Sekayu. Implementation of activities from October 2021-December 2021. Research activities start from planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting as well as following up on the results of the activities. Data collection techniques started from interviews with instruments of supervision, documentation, observation and reflection. The data analysis technique was carried out descriptively. The results of the study indicate that the supervision of educational staff can improve the performance of education personnel and increase the professionalism of education personnel. Supervision carried out in addition to performance appraisal activities is also a coaching and mentoring activity carried out by school principals. The follow-up stage is carried out in addition to collecting data that has not been completed, correcting data that is lacking and needs improvement, also through self-development activities such as seminars, in-house training, and other self-development activities related to the duties of educational staff. The follow-up process for supervision of the time period cannot be determined because it aims to improve administrative competence for school administrative staff.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini best practice bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi terhadap peningkatan kinerja tenaga kependidikan di SMA Negeri 5 Sekayu. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dari bulan Oktober 2021-Desember 2021. Kegiatan penelitian dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi serta tindak lanjut hasil kegiatan. Teknik pengumpulan data dimulai dari wawancara dengan instrumen supervisi, dokumentasi, observasi serta refleksi. Teknik analisa data dilakukan secara deskrptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kegiatan supervisi tenaga kependidikan dapat meningkatkan kinerja tenaga pendidikan serta meningkatkan profesioanalitas tenaga kependidikan. Supervisi dilaksanakan selain kegiatan penilaian kinerja juga merupakan kegiatan pembinaan dan pendampingan yang dilakukan kepala sekolah. Tahap tindak lanjut yang dilakukan selain kegiatan mengumpulkan data-data yang belum terlengkapi, memperbaiki data yang kurang dan perlu perlu perbaikan juga melalui kegiatan pengembangan diri seperti seminar, in house training, serta kegiatan pengembangn diri lain yang berhubungan dengan tugas tenaga kependidikan. Proses tindak lanjut supervisi jangka waktu tidak dapat ditentukan karena bertujuan meningkatkan kompetensi administrasi bagi tenaga administrasi sekolah.
Spatial and seasonal patterns of water isotopes in northeastern German lakes
Authors: Aichner Bernhard , Dubbert David , Kiel Christine , Kohnert Katrin , Ogashawara Igor , Jechow Andreas , Harpenslager Sarah-Faye , Hölker Franz , Nejstgaard Jens Christian , Grossart Hans-Peter , Singer Gabriel , Wollrab Sabine , Berger Stella Angela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Water stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) were
analyzed in samples collected in lakes, associated with riverine systems in
northeastern Germany, throughout 2020. The dataset (Aichner et al., 2021; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.935633) is
derived from water samples collected at (a) lake shores (sampled in March and
July 2020), (b) buoys which were temporarily installed in deep parts of the
lake (sampled monthly from March to October 2020), (c) multiple spatially
distributed spots in four selected lakes (in September 2020), and (d) the outflow
of Müggelsee (sampled biweekly from March 2020 to January 2021). At
shores, water was sampled with a pipette from 40–60 cm below the water surface
and directly transferred into a measurement vial, while at buoys a Limnos
water sampler was used to obtain samples from 1 m below the surface. Isotope
analysis was conducted at IGB Berlin, using a Picarro L2130-i cavity
ring-down spectrometer, with a measurement uncertainty of <0.15 ‰ (δ18O) and <0.0 ‰ (δ2H). The data give information
about the vegetation period and the full seasonal isotope amplitude in the
sampled lakes and about spatial isotope variability in different branches of
the associated riverine systems.
DeepOWT: A global offshore wind turbine data set derived with deep learning from Sentinel-1 data
Authors: Hoeser Thorsten , Feuerstein Stefanie , Kuenzer Claudia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Offshore wind energy is at the advent of a massive global expansion. Driven by carbon neutral alternatives for energy generation, offshore wind energy receives growing attention as a renewable energy source. Despite the large amount of unused wind energy capacities worldwide, offshore wind farms have to be integrated into already intensively used maritime economic areas. The optimal choice of offshore wind farm locations is as crucial as compatibility with other stakeholders while minimising ecological impacts. Thus, a spatiotemporal data set for offshore wind turbine deployment is necessary to involve all stakeholders and exchange knowledge during the upcoming massive expansion of offshore wind farms. To that end, we introduce the DeepOWT data set (global offshore wind turbines derived with deep learning; available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5933967 (Hoeser and Kuenzer, 2022), which provides 9,941 locations of offshore wind energy infrastructure along with their deployment stages on a global scale. DeepOWT is based on freely accessible Earth observation data from 2016 until 2021. The locations were derived from radar imagery of the Sentinel-1 mission by applying deep learning based object detection, trained on synthetic training examples. The entire deployment process is reported in a quarterly frequency and spatially contextualised for each single wind turbine location in a ready to use GIS format. Therewith, the DeepOWT data set can directly be used to enable spatial planning, environmental investigations and to optimise location decisions and the deployment process.
A performance-based approach to quantify atmospheric river flood risk
Authors: Bowers Corinne , Serafin Katherine A. , Baker Jack 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are a class of meteorologic phenomena that cause significant precipitation and flooding on the US West Coast. This work presents a new Performance-based Atmospheric River Risk Analysis (PARRA) framework that adapts existing concepts from probabilistic risk analysis and performance-based engineering for application in the context of AR-driven fluvial flooding. The PARRA framework is a chain of physically based models that link the atmospheric forcings, hydrologic impacts, and economic consequences of AR-driven fluvial flood risk together at consistent “pinch points”. Organizing around these pinch points makes the framework modular, meaning that models between pinch points can be updated without affecting the rest of the model chain, and it produces a probabilistic result that quantifies the uncertainty in the underlying system states. The PARRA framework can produce results beyond analyses of individual scenario events and can look toward prospective assessment of events or system changes that have not been seen in the historic record. The utility of the PARRA framework is demonstrated through a series of analyses in Sonoma County, CA, USA. Individual component models are fitted and validated against a historic catalog of AR events occurring from 1987 to 2019. Comparing simulated results from these component model implementations against observed historic ARs highlights what we can learn about the drivers of extremeness in different flood events by taking a probabilistic perspective. The component models are then run in sequence to generate a first-of-its-kind AR flood loss exceedance curve for Sonoma County. The prospective capabilities of the PARRA framework are presented through the evaluation of a hypothetical mitigation action. Elevating 200 homes, selected based on their proximity to the Russian River, was sufficient to reduce the average annual loss by half. Although expected benefits were minimal for the smallest events in the stochastic record, the larger, more damaging ARs were expected to see loss reductions of approximately USD 50–75 million per event. These results indicate the potential of the PARRA framework to examine other changes to flood hazard, exposure, and vulnerability at the community level.
Efeito de doses e épocas de aplicação de extrato de algas em caracteres morfológicos de cultivares de arroz no Tocantins
Authors: Stefanello Fernandes Vitor , Ribeiro Fidelis Rodrigo , Sumara Moreira Fernandes Patrícia , Silveira Jorge Vanessa , Queiroz Vanderleis Gabriel , Da Silva Morais Hellen , Martins Veloso Natália , Azevedo Silva Gustavo 
Published: April 2022

As algas são fontes promissoras na elaboração de bioestimulantes, capazes de afetar o crescimento de vegetais, aumentando a eficiência de nutrientes e incrementando a resistência de plantas a estresses abióticos. Objetivou-se avaliar a biomassa e a área foliar de dois cultivares de arroz utilizando extrato de algas de água doce aplicado em diferentes estádios vegetativos. O experimento foi conduzido sob o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições, em casa de vegetação no Campus Universitário de Gurupi, durante os anos de 2020 e 2021, em esquema fatorial 2x2x5. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelos cultivares (IRGA 424 e 426), o segundo por duas épocas de aplicação (V4 e V9) e, o terceiro fator formado pelas doses do extrato (0ml/L; 10ml/L; 20ml/L; 30ml/L e 40ml/L). Foram avaliadas a área e massa foliar, altura de planta, massa do sistema radicular, massa seca total, produtividade e peso de cem sementes. A dose de 40ml de extrato/L de calda resultou no incremento tanto para crescimento e desenvolvimento, quanto para produtividade. A segunda época de aplicação proporcionou maior produtividade de grãos e peso de cem sementes, já a primeira. maior incremento para a massa e área foliar.
Proposition pour une convention européenne sur la loi applicable aux obligations non contractuelles
Authors: Fallon Marc 
Published: April 2022

In the document the text of which is set out below, the European Group of Private International Lawyers makes a proposal for legislation complementing the Rome Convention of 19 June 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations, by covering non-contractual obligations which arise from a harmful event or a quasi-contract. In matters of quasi-delict, even though from the comparative point of view the dominant conflict of laws rule is the application of the lex loci delicti, it is well known that this rule is subject to many slight variations from one country to another, in particular when the act which causes the damage and the damage itself occur in different states.
The proposal draws as much inspiration as possible from the Rome Convention. While leaving scope for the application of the lex loci delicti, it is based on the application of the law of the country with which the situation has the closest connection, and it establishes various presumptions in order to maximise the foreseeability of the applicable law. A general presumption gives priority to the fact that the parties are habitually resident in the same country. Special presumptions try to take account of substantive law policies, by giving priority to the place where the damage arose.
The ILO and the New Economy: Recent Developments
Authors: Langille Brian 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this essay is to explore the extent and nature of the difficulties in determining the ILO's role in the new economic order, both inside and outside the ILO, with a view to helping to assess the larger issue of the proper way to conceive of the ILO's mandate in the context of the global economy. The newly adopted Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work is used here as a basis for discussion, reflection and analysis to that end.
In the broadest terms the Declaration is, at least for the moment, the ILO's resolution of what can be described as an identity crisis with which it has been struggling for some time. That identity crisis revolves around a central existential question - what is the role, in the new world of economic integration and 'globalization', of the mandate of the organization called the ILO?
Workers' Privacy and the Power of Employer Control in Spain
Authors: Rubert María Belén Cardona 
Published: April 2022

This paper examines the connection between the privacy of workers and the power of employer control with reference to the Spanish legal system. The general aim of Constitutional principles and Statute of Worker's Right is to defend workers' privacy from intrusive or disproportional attacks on their private domain. In this perspective Spanish legislation delimits employer authority by subjecting it to two limits which cannot be avoided. The first is that employer control is restricted to ascertaining that workers fulfil their contractual obligations and duties; however this control is conditioned by the contract cannot go beyond the bounds which are directly related to the contract.
The second limit is the dignity of the worker, as stated in Article 10.1 of the Spanish Constitution, and his/her right to privacy (Articles 18 of the Constitution and 4.2 of the Statute of Workers' Rights). The Spanish legal system prevents any type of control of the employee's private life which is not connected to technical or organizational aspects of work, and any type of supervision which encroaches on the freedom of the person, at the very core of the right to privacy.
European Private Law after the Treaty of Amsterdam
Authors: Betlem Gerrit , Betlem Gerrit 
Published: April 2022

The communitarization of the private law of the Member States has been given a significant impetus by the transfer of EC competence regarding judicial cooperation in civil matters from the third to the first pillar of the European Union. That is to say, under a new title of the EC Treaty, a single judicial area will be established; in terms of private law, the fields of private international law is involved to a large extent, whereas the civil procedure of the Member States will be affected to a lesser extent. In particular, the Community is in the process of transforming a number of conventions into secondary EC law, the most important one is the conversion into a Regulation of the Brussels Jurisdiction and Judgement Convention. Although the measures (to be) adopted in this context are 'real' acts of Community law - being based on the EC Treaty rather than the Treaty of European Union, the 'normal' regime for references for preliminary rulings does not apply. A more restricted regime is applicable. Also, the unity of Community law has been fragmented in that the measures are not binding on Denmark (the UK and Ireland are also not bound by acts adopted under this new Title but have opted in insofar as civil law measures are concerned).
Harmonisation of substantive private law, unlike the conflicts of law and civil procedure, has not been affected significantly by the Treaty of Amsterdam. Private initiatives such as the Commission of European Contract Law (Lando Commission) are still the primary focus for proposals involving large scale harmonisation of private law, such as a systematic approximation of the whole of the law of obligations or even a European Civil Code.
Swiss Bundesgericht, 26 September 1997, a Strong Incentive to the Litigants to Act Promptly
Authors: Wautelet Patrick R. 
Published: April 2022

When it comes to parallel proceedings in the European judicial area, Article 21 of the Brussels and the Lugano Conventions gives a strong incentive to the litigants to act promptly. By launching proceedings before the other party, one can block with a guillotine-like certainty all other proceedings between the same parties concerning the same dispute. Article 21 of the twin Conventions grants indeed priority to the court first seised in time. The present case shows that this 'crude but simple' rule - priority is given to one of the two courts seised not on account of its competence to deal with the particular litigation, or of its geographical proximity with the case - can give rise to a very sophisticated litigation strategy.
In 1993 proceedings were launched both in Switzerland and in England in a dispute concerning liability for the losses incurred by an English company which had been placed under administration. The administrator threatened to sue three companies - two domiciled in Switzerland and one in New York - which were owned by the principal shareholder and managing director of the English company. According to the administrator, the three companies had illegaly benefited from the transfer by the director of assets from the English company. He granted the three companies 14 days to react and submit a comprehensive repayment plan. Two days before the end of this term, the three companies seised the Swiss court of a claim for a declaration that they were not liable for the money claimed. The day after these proceedings were issued, the administrator referred the matter to the English court. There ensued a conflict between the two parties as to the date on which an action is pending for the purposes of Article 21 (II). Before answering this vexed question, the Swiss Supreme Court had to determine whether the English and the Swiss proceedings were identical (I). While remaining true to the European nature of the lis pendens rule, the Court managed to curb certain abuses Article 21 can lead to. This decision will certainly make Switzerland less attractive for forum shoppers.
Cour de Cassation, 12.11.98 'Les Pouvoirs et les Obligations — de l'usufrutier Greek Case Note
Authors: Michalopoulos Georges N. 
Published: April 2022

A l'instar de la doctrine française, confirmée entre-temps par une jurisprudence constante de la Cour de Cassation française, l'on peut également plaider en droit belge pour faire une distinction, dans le contexte de l'usufruit d'actions, entre d'une part les actions qui font partie d'un portefeuille de valeurs, et d'autre part les actions pour lesquelles ce n'est pas le cas.
Dans le cas d'un usufruit d'actions qui appartiennent à un portefeuille de valeurs, l'on peut affirmer que le portefeuille doit être considéré dans son ensemble — et non du point de vue de ses actions individuelles — comme l'objet de l'usufruit.
En s'appuyant sur ce principe, l'ont peut défendre la thèse que l'usufruitier d'un portefeuille de valeurs a le droit de disposer des actions qui font partie du portefeuille, à condition que la contrepartie des actions soit utilisée pour acquérir d'autres valeurs. L'objet de l'usufruit, le portefeuille de valeurs, doit en effet rester en état.
En acceptant cette thèse, l'on en arrive à une extension sensible des compétences juridiques de l'usufruitier d'un portefeuille de valeurs, ce qui se situe d'ailleurs en droite ligne des points de vues qui ont été adoptés par une partie de la doctrine belge.
BGH, Urteil vom 11. Dezember 1998 — Zur Rechtlichen Einordnung eines Wiederverkaufsrechts — Anwendbarkeit der §§ 497, 498 BGB und Gewährleistung Belgium Case Note
Authors: Cauffman Caroline 
Published: April 2022

The decision of the German Federal Supreme Court was based on the following set of facts: the defendant sold the claimant several properties in 1993 for an overall price of 1.7 million DM. In § 12 of the notarised contract it stated:
'The vendor undertakes to repurchase the … property on the request of the purchaser up until 30.6.1996. The request must be made to the vendor in writing before 31.3.1996. The repurchase will then take place in accordance with the conditions of this contract for a sale price of 1.7 million DM.'
By an agreement of 6.2.1994 the defendant granted the claimant an interest-free loan of 300,000 DM with provision that in the case of a repurchase this sum would be set off against the purchase price to be demanded by the claimant. The remainder of the purchase price was to be settled via an extension of credit. In 1995 the claimant demanded that the property be repurchased by 31.1.1995. The defendant refused this, objecting that the condition of the object of the sale had deteriorated significantly during the time that it had been in the claimant's possession, through the fault of the latter.
The Landgericht rejected the claim, the Oberlandesgericht gave judgment for the claimant, with the proviso that the property be sold without any guarantee as to its size or condition, but that the vendor's rights arising from § 498 (2) BGB should remain unaffected.
The defendant's appeal to the Supreme Court led to this decision being quashed. In the opinion of the Supreme Court § 497(1) BGB was not applicable to the right of resale, since the parties had not included this right in their agreement as a right on the part of the purchaser to modify the terms of the contract, but rather as an obligation to repurchase on the part of the vendor. Furthermore, neither §498 (2) second sentence BGB nor § 498 (2) first sentence BGB were applicable by analogy to the resale of immovable property, because of the difference in the framework of the parties' interests. In so far as the parties had structured the right of resale as a personal obligation, the purchaser could only require the conclusion of a contract of repurchase if he at the same time made good the defects that had emerged in the interim period.
On the following pages, the authors examine the decision from the point of view of Belgian, Spanish and Greek law.
Communication on European Contract Law: Joint Response of the Commission on European Contract Law and the Study Group on a European Civil Code
Authors: von Bar Christian 
Published: April 2022

This joint response of the Commission on European Contract Law and the Study Group on a European Civil Code to the European Commission's Communication on European Contract Law outlines the difficulties confronting businesses and consumers in ascertaining foreign private law and the economic ramifications of legal diversity for the EU internal market. It demonstrates the limitations of freedom of choice of law and private autonomy and identifies inescapable distortions of competition. Considering the inextricable relevance of non-contractual liability and matters of property law, the response urges that measures in the field of contract law be contemplated only as part of a broad systematic view of European patrimonial law.
To overcome manifest problems of legal diversity, the joint response rejects leaving further development to market forces (Option I). Endorsing Option II, it advocates further work in formulating Principles of European patrimonial law of the type which the Commission has published and the Study Group is extending — both for their own sake as 'soft law' and as a pre-requisite for possible future legislation. Improving the quality of existing Community law (Option III) is considered desirable, but inadequate as a self-standing objective. The response concludes with a potential phased plan towards harmonising core areas of private law (Option IV).
Cour de Cassation Française (Chambre Commerciale) 26 Octobre 1999 — The Destiny of a Personal Guarantee after the Assignment of the Guaranteed Claim
Authors: van Ransbeeck Raf , Coelho Francisco MB Pereira , Tamamidis Anastassios 
Published: April 2022

In his decision of the 26 October 1999 the French "Cour de cassation" held that after an assignment of a guaranteed claim, the new creditor is not allowed to ask performance of the original guarantor. This decision was based on article 2015 of the French Civil Code: a guarantor can only be liable for the transferred guaranteed claim when he explictly agreed to do so.
The case is annotated from the perspective of Belgian, Portuguese and Greek law.