bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental age and the risk of bipolar disorder in the offspring: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Polga Natália , Macul Ferreira de Barros Pedro , Farhat Luis C. , de Almeida Karla Mathias , Bloch Michael H. , Lafer Beny 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesWhether parental age, i.e., paternal or maternal, at childbirth is associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) in offspring remains unclear. We conducted a meta‐analysis of observational studies to address this gap.MethodsPubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2021. Studies investigating the associations between parental age at childbirth (exposure) and the risk of BD in offspring (outcome) were eligible for inclusion in our study. Paternal and maternal age were examined separately. Odds ratio (OR) was used as the effect size index. Data were pooled through random‐effects meta‐analyses.ResultsSeven studies involving 3,183,539 participants and 23,253 individuals with BD were included in our meta‐analyses. Meta‐analyses indicated an increased risk of BD in the offspring of the older paternal age groups (35–44 years old [k = 5; OR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.05, 1.14; p < 0.0001] and ≥45 years old [k = 5; OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.19, 1.14; p = 0.0001]) in comparison with the reference category (25–34 years old). Meta‐analysis also indicated an increased risk of BD in the offspring of the older maternal age group (≥40 years old [k = 3; OR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.10, 1.31; p < 0.0001]) in comparison with the reference category (20–29 years old).ConclusionsAdvanced paternal and maternal age were both associated with an increased risk of BD in offspring. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind this association.
Alcohol consumption trajectories over the Australian life course
Authors: Leggat Geoffrey , Livingston Michael , Kuntsche Sandra , Callinan Sarah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsAlcohol consumption changes markedly over the life course, with important implications for health and social development. Assessment of these patterns often relies on cross‐sectional data, which cannot fully capture how individuals' drinking changes as they age. This study used data from 18 waves of a general population panel survey to measure drinking trajectories over the life course in Australia.Design and SettingLongitudinal survey data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey between 2001 and 2018.ParticipantsA total of 20 593 individuals ages 15 or above in two samples assessing quantity‐frequency (n = 20 569, 52.0% female) and risky single occasion drinking (RSOD), respectively, (n = 17 340, 52.5% female), interviewed as part of HILDA.MeasurementsUsual quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion; frequency of drinking occasions per week; average daily consumption, calculated by combining reported usual quantity and frequency; and average reported frequency of RSOD per week.FindingsMultilevel, mixed effects models run with fractional polynomial terms found similar male and female alcohol consumption trajectories for quantity‐frequency and RSOD measures. Usual quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion (5.4 drinks for men, 3.8 for women) and RSOD frequency (0.56 occasions/week for men, 0.38 for women) peaked in young adulthood, whereas frequency of drinking occasions (2.5 occasions/week for men, 1.7 for women) peaked in middle age. Middle‐age drinkers had the highest average daily consumption of alcohol (1.4 drinks/day for 54‐year‐old men, 0.6 drinks for 57‐year‐old women) and engaged in RSOD slightly less than young adults.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption in Australia appears to vary substantially over the life course, with usual quantity per drinking occasion and frequency of risky single occasion drinking peaking during early adulthood and average daily consumption and frequency of consumption peaking in middle age.
Trajectories of alcohol consumption in relation to all‐cause mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a 35‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Ding Chengyi , O'Neill Dara , Britton Annie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsResearch into alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients' prognosis has largely ignored the longitudinal dynamics in drinking behaviour. This study measured the association between alcohol consumption trajectories and mortality risk in CVD patients.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingUK‐based Whitehall II Study.ParticipantsA total of 1306 participants with incident non‐fatal CVD (coronary heart disease/stroke) events.MeasurementsUp to eight repeated measures of alcohol intake were available for each patient from the most recent assessment phase pre‐incident CVD and all subsequent phases post‐incident CVD, spanning up to three decades. Six trajectory groups of alcohol consumption were identified using group‐based trajectory modelling and related to the risk of all‐cause mortality, adjusting for demographics and changes in life‐style and health status.FindingsThree hundred and eighty deaths were recorded during a median follow‐up of 5 years after patients' last alcohol assessment. Compared with patients who consistently drank moderately (≤ 14 units/week), former drinkers had a greater risk of mortality (hazard ratio = 1.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.54) after adjustment for covariates. There was no significantly increased risk of mortality in long‐term abstainers, reduced moderate drinkers, stable or unstable heavy drinkers. Cross‐sectional analyses based only on drinking information at patients' last assessment found no significant differences in mortality risk for abstainers, former or heavy drinkers versus moderate drinkers.ConclusionsCardiovascular disease patients who consistently drink ≤ 14 units/week appear to have a similar risk of mortality to those who are long‐term abstainers, which does not support a protective effect of moderate drinking on total mortality. Cardiovascular disease patients who stop drinking appear to have increased mortality risk compared with continuous moderate drinkers, but this may be linked to poor self‐rated health before cardiovascular disease onset.
Perspectives, understandings of dementia and lived experiences from Australian Aboriginal people in Western Australia
Authors: Gubhaju Lina , Turner Kyle , Chenhall Richard , Penny Elsie , Drmota Susan , Hawea Shanelle , Carroll Sophie‐Lee , Hunt Kerry , Eades Francine , Eades Sandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe explored understandings about dementia and lived experiences from carers among community‐dwelling Aboriginal people in Western Australia (WA).MethodsIn partnership with Aboriginal medical services in WA, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with Aboriginal people in Perth and Bunbury. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded thematically.ResultsWe conducted 39 interviews. Dementia was associated with ‘losing your memory’, a ‘change in behaviour’ and unhealthy lifestyles. Increasing awareness about dementia in the community was noted particularly to enable people to recognise the early signs, feel safe to ask for help and know how to best support families. Families were primarily responsible for caring for people with dementia and were finding it difficult to manage. They expressed negative experiences with currently available aged care facilities.ConclusionsIncreased awareness of dementia in the community through public health messaging and by health professionals and culturally secure services focussing on dementia care is required.
A comparison of praevia and non‐praevia outcomes in placenta accreta spectrum cases: A single centre analysis
Authors: Heading Rhiannon , Slade Laura , Kennedy‐Andrews Sue , Atkinson Elinor , Grivell Rosalie 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPlacenta accreta spectrum (PAS) causes severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Antenatal diagnosis can optimise maternal outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. PAS cases where the placenta is not low lying are suggested to be more difficult to diagnose antenatally and are potentially associated with different outcomes.AimThe aim was to compare factors associated with births in PAS pregnancies with and without placenta praevia at a single tertiary centre over 15 years.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of all births complicated by PAS was conducted from a site‐specific database. Cases with and without a placenta praevia were analysed to compare differences in maternal risk factors, outcomes and histological diagnosis.ResultsBetween June 2006 and July 2020 there were 134 cases of PAS, 106 with placenta praevia. Cases without praevia were less likely to have a history of previous caesarean section and to be admitted for delivery planning or with antepartum haemorrhage. A higher proportion of cases without praevia were delivered at term, with no overall difference in emergency or elective deliveries. There was a significantly lower rate of hysterectomy in the non‐praevia group. The overall estimated blood loss was significantly lower in those without praevia.ConclusionSuspected PAS without placenta praevia is at lower risk of hysterectomy and massive blood loss. The management approach can be tailored accordingly, with good operative outcomes with transverse abdominal and uterine incisions. Antenatal diagnosis can be difficult to accurately predict the degree of invasion, and a higher level of suspicion is required.
Systematic review of quantitative studies assessing the relationship between environment and mental health in rural areas
Authors: Batterham Philip J. , Brown Kimberly , Trias Angelica , Poyser Carmel , Kazan Dominique , Calear Alison L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivePhysical and natural environments might strongly influence mental health and well‐being. Many studies have examined this relationship in urban environments, with fewer focused on rural settings. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise quantitative evidence for the relationship between environmental factors (drought, climate and extreme weather events, land use/environmental degradation, green space/vegetation, engagement in natural resource management activities) and mental health or well‐being in rural areas.DesignFollowing a systematic search of three databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Science), 4368 articles were identified, of which 28 met eligibility criteria for inclusion in the review.ResultsPoorer mental health and well‐being was typically found to have an association with extreme climate or weather events and environmental degradation. The observed relationships were largely assessed at area‐wide or community levels.ConclusionsStudies examining the relationship between the environmental condition of land and mental health at an individual level, particularly within farms, are lacking. Addressing this gap in research requires interdisciplinary expertise and diverse methodology. Few studies examined the effects of natural resource management practices/principles or biodiversity on mental health. While there is evidence that extreme climate or weather events have a negative impact on mental health in rural areas, there remain considerable gaps in our knowledge of how rural environments influence mental health and well‐being.
Narrating Pandemics across Time and Space
Authors: Perrino Sabina M. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe unexpected arrival of the novel Coronavirus in January 2020 has changed many aspects of our daily lives and our sense of normalcy. This is not the first pandemic humans have faced, however. Older generations still remember their parents’ stories about the 1918‐1920 influenza pandemic, for example, which, like COVID‐19, caused serious respiratory problems, death, and fear of the unknown. Through my autoethnographic explorations across time and space, this essay examines how stories of past pandemics (re)emerge at a fast pace, reinforcing embodiments of dread and fear during COVID‐19’s trying times.
Residual tumor and primary debulking surgery vs interval debulking surgery in stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Sørensen Sarah Mejer , Høgdall Claus , Mosgaard Berit Jul , Dalgaard Maya Isabella Riise , Jensen Mai Partridge , Fuglsang Katrine , Schnack Tine Henrichsen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionIt is debated whether women with FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) Stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer should be offered primary debulking surgery (PDS) or interval debulking surgery (IDS). Furthermore, the impact of complete resection of intra‐abdominal disease (R0) despite their extra‐abdominal metastases is questioned. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of intra‐abdominal residual tumor, Stage IVA vs IVB, the localization and number of metastases defining Stage IV disease on overall survival (OS) comparing PDS and IDS in FIGO Stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer.Material and MethodsWe included 2091 women registered with Stage IIIC–IV ovarian cancer in the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database during 2009–2016. The impact of residual tumor was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsIn total, 681 patients had stage IV disease, of whom 26% underwent PDS, 38% IDS, and 36% chemotherapy only. Overall survival for PDS and IDS were similar. Patients achieving R0 at PDS showed a tendency towards a higher OS than patients achieving R0 at IDS, though the difference was non‐significant. In women with Stage IVA and IVB disease there was a survival benefit in achieving R0 both when treated with PDS and IDS. Women with Stage IVB disease treated with chemotherapy only had a significantly lower OS than patients achieving R0 at both PDS and IDS. Malignant pleural effusion and having five metastatic sites compared with having one was associated with a poorer OS.ConclusionsOur study shows similar OS in patients with Stage IV disease treated with IDS compared with PDS. Complete intra‐abdominal tumor resection improves the prognosis in both PDS and IDS in Stage IV ovarian cancer. Malignant pleural effusion seems to be a negative prognostic factor and should have more focus in future studies.
Changes in the live birth profile in Henan, China: A hospital registry‐based study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Chen Xi , Li Bingbing , Xia Lei , Zhang Shan , Ding Wenjun , Gao Liang , Liu Aiqing , Xu Falin , Zhang Ruili , Cui Shihong , Wang Xiaoyang , Zhu Changlian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPreterm complications and neonatal asphyxia are the leading causes of death in those under 5 years of age. However, little information exists for the province of Henan, China. The purpose of this study was to explore changes in the live birth profile in a provincial hospital over the past 32 years in Henan, China.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted to reveal the characteristics of live neonates from 1987 to 2018.ResultsThere were 118 253 live births during the period, including 19 798 (16.74%) preterm births. The neonatal death rate was 6.45‰, and the top risk factor was preterm birth complications and birth asphyxia. Before 1998, neonatal death occurred primarily among term infants. Between 1999 and 2018, preterm infants, especially extreme and very preterm infants with very low birthweight, constituted more than half of all mortalities, and the preterm birth rate increased from 5.94% in 1999 to 16.69% in 2018. The risk factors associated with preterm birth were being male (aOR = 1.18, P < 0.001), advanced maternal age (>35 years old; aOR = 1.08, P = 0.008), gravidity ≥2 (aOR = 1.15, P < 0.001), parity ≥2 (aOR = 1.50, P < 0.001), placenta previa (aOR = 7.41, P < 0.001), twin or multiple births (aOR = 10.63, P < 0.001), hypertension (aOR = 2.08, P < 0.001), and rupture of membrane (aOR = 5.03, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe preterm birth rate has increased over the past 32 years from 4.98% to 16.69% in a provincial hospital in China. Preterm birth was the leading reason for neonatal death, and birth asphyxia was the major risk factor for death in term infants.
Retracted: An enhanced ensemble machine learning classification method to detect attention deficit hyperactivity for various artificial intelligence and telecommunication applications
Authors: Sheriff Meeran , Gayathri Rajagopal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common mental health disorder in teenager groups and it consists of a combination of problems. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition that manifests itself in children and adolescents as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This research proposes a novel classification approach using BoostAlexNet model for ADHD automatic diagnosis. It consists of different pretrained methods like ResNet 101, NASNet, Xception, MobileNet, and InceptionV3. Based on the pretrained model, input MRI images are processed and integrated for the detection of abnormalities in ADHD MRI brain images of patients. The BoostAlexNet model is evaluated and comparatively observed with the existing techniques. The dataset for processing consists of 1359 CT images composed of ADHD and non‐ADHD. The validation range is set as 50 for each case with a total value of 150 and the network is trained with MRI images of 1069 for classification. The analysis of results expressed that BoostAlexNet exhibits higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity value of 93.67%, 0.93, and 0.97, respectively. The proposed BoostAlexNet classification technique achieves an accuracy of 93.67%. The developed model provides improved accuracy than the existing techniques.
Prevalence of missed lesions in patients with inadequate bowel preparation through a very early repeat colonoscopy
Authors: Pantaleón Sánchez Miguel , Gimeno Garcia Antonio‐Z , Bernad Cabredo Belen , García‐Rodríguez Ana , Frago Santiago , Nogales Oscar , Diez Redondo Pilar , Puig Ignasi , Romero Mascarell Cristina , Romero Sánchez‐Miguel Ivan , Caballero Noemí , Ibañez Ines , Hernandez Negrín Domingo , Bujedo Sadornill Gema , Pérez Oltra Alicia , Pérez Berbegal Rocio , Casals Gemma , Seoane Urgorri Agustín , Riu Pons Faust , Amorós Jaume , Alvarez‐Gonzalez Marco Antonio 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesWhen bowel preparation (BP) is inadequate, international guidelines recommend repeating the colonoscopy within 1 year to avoid missing clinically relevant lesions. We aimed to determine the rate of missed lesions in patients with inadequate BP through a very early repeat colonoscopy with adequate BP.MethodsPost hoc analysis was conducted using data collected from a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial including patients with inadequate BP and then repeat colonoscopy. Inadequate BP was defined as the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score <2 points in any segment. We included patients with any indication for colonoscopy. The adenoma detection rate (ADR), advanced ADR (AADR), and serrated polyp detection rate (SPDR) were calculated for index and repeat colonoscopies.ResultsOf the 651 patients with inadequate BP from the original trial, 413 (63.4%) achieved adequate BP on repeat colonoscopy. The median interval between index and repeat colonoscopies was 28 days. On repeat colonoscopy, the ADR was 45.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 40.5–50.1%), the AADR was 10.9% (95% CI 8.1–14.3%), and the SPDR was 14.3% (95% CI 10.9–17.7%). Cancer was discovered in four patients (1%; 95% CI 0.2–2.5%). A total of 60.2% of all advanced adenoma (AA) were discovered on repeat colonoscopy. A colon segment scored BBPS = 0 had most AA (66.1%) and all four cancers.ConclusionPatients with inadequate BP present a high rate of AAs on repeat colonoscopy. When a colonoscopy has a colon segment score BBPS = 0, we recommend repeating the colonoscopy as soon as possible.
Brain bases of English morphological processing: A comparison between Chinese‐English, Spanish‐English bilingual, and English monolingual children
Authors: Sun Xin , Marks Rebecca A. , Zhang Kehui , Yu Chi‐Lin , Eggleston Rachel L. , Nickerson Nia , Chou Tai‐Li , Hu Xiao‐Su , Tardif Twila , Satterfield Teresa , Kovelman Ioulia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHow do early bilingual experiences influence children's neural architecture for word processing? Dual language acquisition can yield common influences that may be shared across different bilingual groups, as well as language‐specific influences stemming from a given language pairing. To investigate these effects, we examined bilingual English speakers of Chinese or Spanish, and English monolinguals, all raised in the US (N = 152, ages 5–10). Children completed an English morphological word processing task during fNIRS neuroimaging. The findings revealed both language‐specific and shared bilingual effects. The language‐specific effects were that Chinese and Spanish bilinguals showed principled differences in their neural organization for English lexical morphology. The common bilingual effects shared by the two groups were that in both bilingual groups, increased home language proficiency was associated with stronger left superior temporal gyrus (STG) activation when processing the English word structures that are most dissimilar from the home language. The findings inform theories of language and brain development during the key periods of neural reorganization for learning to read by illuminating experience‐based plasticity in linguistically diverse learners.
Should I stay or should I go: Hydrologic characteristics and body size influence fish emigration from the floodplain following an atypical summer flood
Authors: Walker Richard H. , Naus Christopher J. , Adams Steven Reid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFloods play an important role in regulating ecological patterns and processes in river–floodplain ecosystems. Yet, the hydrologic connectivity between many river–floodplain ecosystems has been severed by anthropogenic activities that have markedly altered these ecological processes. Superimposed over anthropogenic reductions in river–floodplain connectivity, climate change is also shifting flood characteristics to produce more intense, unpredictable floods. To more efficiently manage river–floodplain ecosystems, additional research characterising the ecological consequences of unpredictable floods on fish movements is required. In this study, we used a modified fyke net to characterise the patterns and identify the important drivers of lateral movements of fish emigrating from the floodplain during contraction of a high‐magnitude, late‐summer flood in the Fourche LaFave River, Arkansas, in 2007. We captured approximately 43,200 fish emigrating from the floodplain over an 8‐day period, representing 38 distinct species from 12 families. We related fish‐emigration patterns to different stages of flood contraction and linked species‐specific emigration to water‐level fluctuations and associated changes in floodplain habitat availability and quality. We also show that some species exhibit body‐size emigration patterns, where larger individuals emigrated from the floodplain earlier than smaller individuals. To meet conservation goals for maintaining healthy riverine ecosystems and the biodiversity they support, it will be necessary to continue characterising and identifying the ecological consequences of shifting flood characteristics within river–floodplain ecosystems.