bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A network paradigm predicts drug synergistic effects using downstream protein–protein interactions
Authors: Wilson Jennifer L. , Steinberg Ethan , Racz Rebecca , Altman Russ B. , Shah Nigam , Grimes Kevin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn some cases, drug combinations affect adverse outcome phenotypes by binding the same protein; however, drug‐binding proteins are associated through protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks within the cell, suggesting that drug phenotypes may result from long‐range network effects. We first used PPI network analysis to classify drugs based on proteins downstream of their targets and next predicted drug combination effects where drugs shared network proteins but had distinct binding proteins (e.g., targets, enzymes, or transporters). By classifying drugs using their downstream proteins, we had an 80.7% sensitivity for predicting rare drug combination effects documented in gold‐standard datasets. We further measured the effect of predicted drug combinations on adverse outcome phenotypes using novel observational studies in the electronic health record. We tested predictions for 60 network‐drug classes on seven adverse outcomes and measured changes in clinical outcomes for predicted combinations. These results demonstrate a novel paradigm for anticipating drug synergistic effects using proteins downstream of drug targets.
Decentralized adaptive neural fixed‐time tracking control of constrained interconnected nonlinear systems with partially unmeasurable states
Authors: Hao Siwen , Pan Yingnan , Zhu Yanzheng , Ahn Choon Ki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article devises a new adaptive fixed‐time tracking control strategy for interconnected nonlinear systems containing partially unmeasurable states and time‐varying output constraints. Radial basis function neural networks, as function approximators, are utilized to model the unknown functions, and the partially unmeasurable states of the systems are estimated by a reduced‐order observer. By constructing a transferred function, system outputs are directly constrained in a time‐varying constraint bound. Meanwhile, the first‐order sliding mode differentiators are utilized to reduce the computational burden caused by the repeated differentiations of virtual controllers. Under the Lyapunov function and the fixed‐time theory, the decentralized adaptive fixed‐time controllers are constructed. It is proved that the closed‐loop systems are fixed‐time stable and the output signals are restricted in the bounded compact set. Finally, two simulation examples demonstrate the validity of the proposed control scheme.
Assessment of the potential natural status of riparian zones in the Czech Republic
Authors: Jakubínský Jiří , Machová Kateřina , Prokopová Marcela , Cudlín Ondřej , Purkyt Jan , Štěrbová Lenka , Pechanec Vilém , Cudlín Pavel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRiparian zones represent an important ecosystem providing a range of functions and services important to humans—for example, biodiversity support, a reduction in erosion risk, or the transport of pollutants from the surrounding landscape to watercourses. At the same time, it is an environment that has been often subjected to significant pressure during the agricultural cultivation of the landscape or the development of industrial and residential activities of human society. Thus, a large number of riparian ecosystems have been disappeared or degraded. The assessment of the overall ecological status of riparian habitats constitutes an important source of information for watercourse management and landscape planning, the aim of which should be to maintain good status or to improve the current unsatisfactory state of these habitats. However, in order to reliably evaluate the current ecological status of the landscape, it is necessary to have information on the reference status, that is, a potentially natural status that would prevail without human influence. For this purpose, a methodology that can determine the potential natural status of riparian zones for Central European conditions was developed. In this study, it was found that approximately a quarter (26%) of all river basins in the Czech Republic reach very low environmental values of the potential natural status of riparian zones and, conversely, approximately 29% of river basins are expected to develop significantly above average riparian zone quality.
Kinetics of the Template Synthesis and Acidic Decomposition of the Methylboron‐Capped Iron(II) Tris‐heptoximate: Dramatic Changes in a Series of Alicyclic α‐Dioximate Ligand Synthons
Authors: Pomadchik Alexander L. , Belov Alexander S. , Lebed Ekaterina G. , Vologzhanina Anna V. , Asachenko Andrey F. , Topchiy Maxim A. , Voloshin Yan Z. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractReaction of the template synthesis of the methylboron‐capped iron(II) tris‐heptoximate clathrochelate on Fe2+ ion as a matrix was found to proceed in the quantitative yield in diluted aqueous‐organic solutions. This complex is intensively colored in the visible range, whereas the initial ligand synthons are optically silent, thus allowing to photometric study the kinetics of its synthesis and acidic decomposition reactions. Template condensation of the corresponding chelating and capping ligand synthons gave a solid form of this macrobicyclic complex, which was characterized using modern spectral methods and by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) experiment. Kinetic schemes and parameters of the aforementioned reactions for the methylboron‐capped clathrochelates, the derivatives of six‐ (H2Nx), seven‐(H2Gx) and eight(H2Ox)‐membered alicyclic α‐dioximes, are dramatically affected by their alicyclic ring size. If the general schemes of their formation persist, those for H2Nx and H2Gx contain a rate‐determining stage, whereas that for H2Ox has three initial consecutive stages with close rates. Passing from H2Nx to H2Gx caused a decrease in the synthesis reaction rates of their macrobicyclic derivatives by approximately three orders of magnitude. These kinetic effects were explained using the XRD data for the initial α‐dioximes and for their methylboron‐capped macrobicyclic derivatives.
A Glycerol‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvent as Natural Medium and Organic Reductant for Homocoupling of (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides: a Green Route to 2,2’‐Bipyridine and Biaryl Scaffolds
Authors: Paparella Andrea Nicola , Messa Francesco , Dilauro Giuseppe , Troisi Luigino , Perrone Serena , Salomone Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA glycerol‐based Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) enables the Pd‐catalyzed activation of (hetero)arylchlorides and promotes the formation of 2,2’‐bipiyridines and biaryls through an Ullmann‐type homocoupling in smooth experimental conditions (80 °C) with Ca(OH)2 as a green base and Pd/C as heterogeneous catalyst. Noteworthy, the coupling does not need the addition of external reducing agents, like metals, since the glycerol present in the DES acts as a safe and green organic reductant. The heterogeneous catalytic system (DES‐Pd/C) showed to be easily recyclable and has been applied to the sustainable synthesis of the Abametapir drug.
Nanozymes for Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Mou Xiaozhou , Wu Qingyuan , Zhang Zheao , Liu Yunhang , Zhang Jungang , Zhang Chengwu , Chen Xiaoyi , Fan Kelong , Liu Huiyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanozymes refer to nanomaterials that catalyze enzyme substrates into products under relevant physiological conditions following enzyme kinetics. Compared to natural enzymes, nanozymes possess the characteristics of higher stability, easier preparation, and lower cost. Importantly, nanozymes possess the magnetic, fluorescent, and electrical properties of nanomaterials, making them promising replacements for natural enzymes in industrial, biological, and medical fields. On account of the rapid development of nanozymes recently, their application potentials in regeneration medicine are gradually being explored. To highlight the achievements in the regeneration medicine field, this review summarizes the catalytic mechanism of four types of representative nanozymes. Then, the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of nanozymes are discussed. Importantly, this review covers the recent advances in nanozymes in tissue regeneration medicine including wound healing, nerve defect repair, bone regeneration, and cardiovascular disease treatment. In addition, challenges and prospects of nanozyme researches in regeneration medicine are summarized.
Integration of systems design and risk management through model‐based systems development
Authors: Uludağ Yıldız , Evin Ersin , Gürbüz Nazan Gözay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractModel‐based systems engineering is a powerful methodology to develop safety‐critical systems. The use of the system model as a single source of truth for risk and dependability analysis results in a consistent and complete assessment. Besides, representation and logging of the assessment within the model result in a complete and up‐to‐date single source of information that can be used during the device certification as well. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive risk management SysML profile that includes interconnected safety analysis [functional hazard assessment (FHA), fault tree, and failure mode and effect analysis (FTA, FMEA)], control measure, and evaluation model elements in compliance with the medical standards. Model‐based risk assessment of a point‐of‐care diagnostic device for sepsis has been shown as a case study to show the implementation of the profile. This device is a standalone unit and the test results obtained directly affect the patient. Therefore, both the top‐down (FHA and FTA) and bottom‐up (FMEA) safety assessment methods have been used. Another objective of the study is to define a systematic and holistic method to perform fault tree analysis, not only from the system architecture models but also from the functional, activity, and sequence diagrams of the system model.
Lake Superior Kiyi reproductive biology
Authors: Vinson Mark R. , Herbert Matthew E. , Ackiss Amanda S. , Dobosenski Jamie A. , Evrard Lori M. , Gorman Owen T. , Lyons Joshua F. , Phillips Sydney B. , Yule Dan L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
The Lake Superior Kiyi Coregonus kiyi is an understudied species being considered for reintroduction into Laurentian Great Lakes where it no longer occurs. Herein, we provide descriptions of Kiyi reproductive biology with the intention of guiding potential gamete collections for propagation.

Methods
Data were collected on Kiyi spawning timing, spawning locations, spawning season catch rates, length at sexual maturity, sex ratios, fecundity, egg size, and larval occurrences in Lake Superior from 1996–2021. These data were compared to observations made a century prior in Lakes Michigan, Ontario, and Superior.

Result
Contemporary Kiyi spawning occurred between late December and late January when surface water temperatures cooled to &lt;4°C. Spawning Kiyi were caught almost exclusively in 38.1-mm stretch mesh, as compared to larger meshes (50.8–76.2 mm). Capture depths for developing, ripe, running, and spent female Kiyi were similar and ranged from 82 to 221 m. Fifty percent of female and male Kiyi were classified as sexually mature at ~150 mm total length. Fecundity estimates ranged from 1,578 to 6,720 eggs/female. Mean diameter of unfertilized eggs was 1.7 mm. Recently hatched larval Kiyi were collected at the surface during May–July at 62 of the 113 locations sampled throughout the lake in 2019.

Conclusion
Our work suggests that Kiyi gamete collection efforts from mid-December through January using 38.1-mm gill-net panels set at bathymetric depths of at least 100 m would maximize the collection of spawning Kiyi and reduce the bycatch of other Coregonus species. Future research questions include the following: (1) “Do Kiyi form spawning aggregations at specific spawning areas, or do they spawn indiscriminately across the lake?”; (2) “Do Kiyi spawn near the bottom or up in the water column?”; (3) “What is the relationship between fall lake overturn and Kiyi spawn timing?”; and (4) “Could summer larval and age-0 Kiyi collections provide an opportunity for establishing a captive broodstock?”
Polystyrene microplastics induce autophagy and apoptosis in birds lungs via PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR
Authors: Lu Hongmin , Yin Kai , Su Heng , Wang Dongxu , Zhang Yue , Hou Lulu , Li Jun bo , Wang Yu , Xing Mingwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) seriously pollute and potentially threaten human health. Birds are sentinels of environmental pollutants, which respond quickly to contamination events and reveal current environmental exposure. Therefore, birds are good bioindicators for monitoring environmental pollutants. However, the mechanism of lung injury in birds and the role of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis are unknown. In this study, broilers treated with different polystyrene microplastics (PS‐MPs) (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/L) were exposed to drinking water for 6 weeks to analyze the effect of PS‐MPs on lung injury of broilers. The results showed that with the increase of PS‐MPs concentration, malonaldehyde (MDA) content increased, and catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) activity decreased, further leading to oxidative stress. PS‐MPs caused the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to be inhibited by phosphorylation, and autophagy accelerated formation (LC3) and degradation (p62), causing autophagy. In PS‐MPs exposed lung tissues, the expression of Bax/Bcl‐2 and Caspase family increased, and MAPK signaling pathways (p38, ERK, and JNK) showed an increase in phosphorylation level, thus leading to cell apoptosis. Our research showed that PS‐MPs could activate the antioxidant system. The antioxidant system unbalance‐regulated Caspase family, and PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathways initiated apoptosis and autophagy, which in turn led to lung tissue damage in chickens. These results are of great significance to the toxicological study of PS‐MPs and the protection of the ecosystem.
Introduction
Authors: Hornung Johanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLong-term policy developments can be shaped by social groups of policy actors and policy programs. This observation has made the Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) the starting point of a relatively new perspective that provides a complementary view on policy processes. It assumes that, based on shared biographical intersections, policy actors coalesce around a policy program to achieve policy change in order to advance their own authority and careers in a policy area. Meanwhile, the perspective of programmatic action has been successfully applied to other contexts, yet so far without a systematic reflection on the institutional preconditions necessary for programmatic action to take place. Programmatic groups and programs are essentially shaped by institutions. A systematic evaluation of these institutions is important, especially when one wants to apply the perspective in different countries and at different times. Based on in-depth comparative case studies, this book explores the question of what institutions are necessary for the formation and success of groups.
Political Institutions and Public Policy
Authors: Hornung Johanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to shed light on this missing link between programmatic action and political institutions, this chapter reviews how institutions are currently discussed in policy process research in order to derive hypotheses that may explain under which institutional conditions programmatic action should or should not take place. The goal of this overview of the state of the art is twofold. On the one hand, it serves to assess the contribution of the PAF to existing theories of the policy process and the understanding of institutions in it. In doing so, it becomes clear why a new theoretical lens is needed and where and why the PAF is able to fill gaps left by others. On the other hand, the established approaches to explaining policy change and stability with respect to policy processes contain assumptions and hypotheses about the role of institutions that can be integrated into the PAF and help sharpen the analytical power of a look at the institutional conditions for programmatic action. They do this by formulating mechanisms between theoretical concepts that can also be adapted, or at least assumed to be relevant, to the formation of programmatic groups and the success of the group and its program. At the very least, they lay the groundwork for the question that asks about the influence of institutional settings familiar in comparative politics on policy change.
Programmatic Action in German Health Policy
Authors: Hornung Johanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTaking a look at the history of health policy in Germany from 1990 to 2020, this chapter outlines the existence of programmatic action and identifies the programmatic actors relevant to the changes in health policy. The empirical study is based on a discourse network analysis, an in-depth analysis of the biographical trajectories of individuals, as well as a systematic connection of the programmatic content to the individual programmatic actors. Thereby, this chapter provides an explanation for 20 years of health policy developments in Germany. However, it also notes that programmatic action in German health policy has ended in the 2010s, and it provides explanations for why this is the case.
In the Prison Cell
Authors: Marti Irene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter deals with prisoners’ experience of and in the prison cell. It argues that the cell is the crucial context for the foundation and maintenance of prisoners’ sense of self and personal integrity. The chapter starts with a description of the legal and institutional norms regarding the design, materiality and furnishing of the cell. It then explores the various meanings prisoners attribute to their cells, their individual experiences of being inside and their ways of arranging their cells anddoing timein this place where they spend most of their time alone, depending on their mode ofbeing with time—that is, their personal attitude towards their indeterminate confinement.
Conclusion
Authors: Marti Irene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe conclusion reviews the main insights of this book, emphasizing both the importance of viewing incarceration as a lived experience and the necessity of taking seriously the institutional constraints and challenges of prison policy today. Without amalgamating prisoners’ perspectives into an ‘average’ viewpoint, it provides a summary of the main findings around four over-arching issues faced by prisoners who are doing indefinite time: the continual shifting between hope and resignation; the need to maintain a sense of self and personal integrity; the continued need for social belonging and recognition; and the constant ambivalence caused by the fact that experiences of relative freedom available through leisure activities are also poignant reminders of the realities of captivity.
Celestial Mellin amplitude
Authors: Jiang Hongliang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Celestial holography provides a promising avenue to studying bulk scattering in flat spacetime from the perspective of boundary celestial conformal field theory (CCFT). A key ingredient in connecting the two sides is the celestial amplitude, which is given by the Mellin transform of momentum space scattering amplitude in energy. As such, celestial amplitudes can be identified with the correlation functions in celestial conformal field theory. In this paper, we introduce the further notion of celestial Mellin amplitude, which is given by the Mellin transform of celestial amplitude in coordinate. For technical reasons, we focus on the celestial Mellin amplitudes for scalar fields in three dimensional flat spacetime dual to 1D CCFT, and discuss the celestial Mellin block expansion. In particular, the poles of the celestial Mellin amplitude encode the scaling dimensions of the possible exchanged operators, while the residues there are related to the OPE coefficient squares in a linear and explicit way. We also compare the celestial Mellin amplitudes with the coefficient functions which can be obtained using inversion formulae. Finally, we make some comments about the possible generalizations of celestial Mellin amplitudes to higher dimensions.
Rock Classification with Features Based on Higher Order Riesz Transform
Authors: Reinhardt Martin , Bernstein Swanhild , Richter Johanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMost modern algorithms use convolutional neural networks to classify image data of different kinds. While this approach is a good method to differentiate between natural images of objects, big datasets are needed for the training process. Another drawback is the demand for high computational power. We introduce a new approach which involves classic feature vectors with structural information based on higher order Riesz transform. Following this way we create a framework specialized for texture data like images of rock cross-sections. The key advantages are faster computations and more versatile choices of the underlying machine learning tools while maintaining a comparable accuracy in comparison with state-of-the-art algorithms.
Nested association mapping-based GWAS for grain yield and related traits in wheat grown under diverse Australian environments
Authors: Chidzanga Charity , Mullan Daniel , Roy Stuart , Baumann Ute , Garcia Melissa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Key message
Utilising a nested association mapping (NAM) population-based GWAS, 98 stable marker-trait associations with 127 alleles unique to the exotic parents were detected for grain yield and related traits in wheat.

Abstract
Grain yield, thousand-grain weight, screenings and hectolitre weight are important wheat yield traits. An understanding of their genetic basis is crucial for improving grain yield in breeding programmes. Nested association mapping (NAM) populations are useful resources for the dissection of the genetic basis of complex traits such as grain yield and related traits in wheat. Coupled with phenotypic data collected from multiple environments, NAM populations have the power to detect quantitative trait loci and their multiple alleles, providing germplasm that can be incorporated into breeding programmes. In this study, we evaluated a large-scale wheat NAM population with two recurrent parents in unbalanced trials in nine diverse Australian field environments over three years. By applying a single-stage factor analytical linear mixed model (FALMM) to the NAM multi-environment trials (MET) data and conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we detected 98 stable marker-trait associations (MTAs) with their multiple alleles. 74 MTAs had 127 alleles that were derived from the exotic parents and were absent in either of the two recurrent parents. The exotic alleles had favourable effects on 46 MTAs of the 74 MTAs, for grain yield, thousand-grain weight, screenings and hectolitre weight. Two NAM RILs with consistently high yield in multiple environments were also identified, highlighting the potential of the NAM population in supporting plant breeding through provision of germplasm that can be readily incorporated into breeding programmes. The identified beneficial exotic alleles introgressed into the NAM population provide potential target alleles for the genetic improvement of wheat and further studies aimed at pinpointing the underlying genes.