bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adhesive Bond Integrity of Experimental Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated Dentin Adhesive: An SEM, EDX, μTBS, and Rheometric Analysis
Authors: Alfaawaz Yasser F. , Alamri Renad , Almohsen Fatimah , Shabab Sana , Alhamdan Mai M. , Al Ahdal Khold , Farooq Imran , Vohra Fahim , Abduljabbar Tariq 
Published: August 2022

Objective. Our study is aimed at preparing an experimental adhesive (EA) and assessing the influence of adding 5-10 wt.% concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the adhesive’s mechanical properties. Methods. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were employed to investigate the morphology and elemental distribution of the filler nanoparticles. To examine the adhesive properties, microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing, an investigation of the rheological properties, degree of conversion (DC), and analysis of the interface between the adhesive and dentin were carried out. Results. The SEM micrographs of ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated spherical agglomerates. The EDX plotting confirmed the incidence of Zn and oxygen (O) in the ZnO nanoparticles. The highest μTBS was observed for nonthermocycled (NTC) 5 wt.% ZnO group (

32.11
±
3.60

MPa), followed by the NTC-10 wt.% ZnO group (

30.04
±
3.24

MPa). Most of the failures observed were adhesive in nature. A gradual reduction in the viscosity was observed at higher angular frequencies, and the addition of 5 and 10 wt.% ZnO to the composition of the EA lowered its viscosity. The 5 wt.% ZnO group demonstrated suitable dentin interaction by showing the formation of resin tags, while for the 10 wt.% ZnO group, compromised resin tag formation was detected. DC was significantly higher in the 0% ZnO (EA) group. Conclusion. The reinforcement of the EA with 5 and 10 wt.% concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles produced an improvement in the adhesive’s μTBS. However, a reduced viscosity was observed for both nanoparticle-reinforced adhesives, and a negotiated dentin interaction was seen for 10 wt.% ZnO adhesive group. Further research exploring the influence of more filler concentrations on diverse adhesive properties is recommended.
CD248 Regulates Wnt Signaling in Pericytes to Promote Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth in Lung Cancer
Authors: Hong Chia-Lun , Yu I-Shing , Pai Chen-Hsueh , Chen Jin-Shing , Hsieh Min-Shu , Wu Hua-Lin , Lin Shu-Wha , Huang Hsiang-Po 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment plays a central role in cancer initiation and progression. CD248 is expressed in tumor-associated stromal cells, particularly fibroblasts and pericytes. Exploring the function of CD248 has the potential to provide biological insights into tumor-supportive stroma and potential therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the role of stromal CD248 in lung cancer. In orthotopic lung cancer transplantation models, tumor volume, density of vessels and pericytes, and functionality of tumor vessels were all lower in mice lacking Cd248 (Cd248LacZ/LacZ) compared with Cd248 wild-type or haploinsufficient mice. Two angiogenic factors, OPN and SERPINE1, were decreased in Cd248LacZ/LacZ pericytes, and supplementation with both factors rescued their proliferation and endothelial cell tube formation–promoting ability. Mechanistically, Wnt/β-catenin signaling induced Opn and Serpine1 expression and was suppressed in Cd248LacZ/LacZ pericytes. CD248 interacted with Wnt pathway repressors IGFBP4 and LGALS3BP, leading to increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Correspondingly, administration of a β-catenin inhibitor in Cd248+/LacZ mice mimicked the effect of Cd248 loss and blocked the growth of transplanted lung tumor cells that were resistant to this inhibitor in vitro. In addition, CD248+ pericytes coexpressed OPN and SERPINE1 and correlated with increased tumor size in human lung cancer. Additionally, high expression of CD248, OPN, and SERPINE1 was associated with poor survival in lung cancer patients. In summary, CD248 derepresses Wnt signaling and upregulates OPN and SERPINE1 in pericytes, resulting in enhanced angiogenesis and lung cancer growth. This novel axis of CD248–Wnt signaling–angiogenic factors in pericytes provides a potential target for lung cancer therapy.

Significance:
These findings demonstrate that CD248 maintains pericyte function in lung cancer through the Wnt signaling pathway and present CD248 as a potential therapeutic target.
NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy Is a Pancreatic Cancer Dependency via Maintenance of Iron Bioavailability for Iron–Sulfur Cluster Proteins
Authors: Santana-Codina Naiara , del Rey Maria Quiles , Kapner Kevin S. , Zhang Huan , Gikandi Ajami , Malcolm Callum , Poupault Clara , Kuljanin Miljan , John Kristen M. , Biancur Douglas E. , Chen Brandon , Das Nupur K. , Lowder Kristen E. , Hennessey Connor J. , Huang Wesley , Yang Annan , Shah Yatrik M. , Nowak Jonathan A. , Aguirre Andrew J. , Mancias Joseph D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) depend on autophagy for survival; however, the metabolic substrates that autophagy provides to drive PDAC progression are unclear. Ferritin, the cellular iron storage complex, is targeted for lysosomal degradation (ferritinophagy) by the selective autophagy adaptor NCOA4, resulting in release of iron for cellular utilization. Using patient-derived and murine models of PDAC, we demonstrate that ferritinophagy is upregulated in PDAC to sustain iron availability, thereby promoting tumor progression. Quantitative proteomics reveals that ferritinophagy fuels iron–sulfur cluster protein synthesis to support mitochondrial homeostasis. Targeting NCOA4 leads to tumor growth delay and prolonged survival but with the development of compensatory iron acquisition pathways. Finally, enhanced ferritinophagy accelerates PDAC tumorigenesis, and an elevated ferritinophagy expression signature predicts for poor prognosis in patients with PDAC. Together, our data reveal that the maintenance of iron homeostasis is a critical function of PDAC autophagy, and we define NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy as a therapeutic target in PDAC.

Significance:
Autophagy and iron metabolism are metabolic dependencies in PDAC. However, targeted therapies for these pathways are lacking. We identify NCOA4-mediated selective autophagy of ferritin (“ferritinophagy”) as upregulated in PDAC. Ferritinophagy supports PDAC iron metabolism and thereby tumor progression and represents a new therapeutic target in PDAC.
See related commentary by Jain and Amaravadi, p. 2023.
See related article by Ravichandran et al., p. 2198.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007
Qualifications and Competencies of Guidance Teachers as Correlates with their Performance: Basis for a Proposed Enrichment Program
Authors: Recede Reynald Alfred A. , Ignacio Nadia C. , Paz- Muñoz Felisa , Pekas Monette G. 
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to determine the qualifications and competencies of guidance teachers in correlation with their performance for the school year 2018 – 2019. The status of the qualifications of the guidance teachers was determined in terms of educational attainment, level of seminars and trainings attended pertinent to guidance related work and length of service as a guidance teacher. The respondents of the study were 15 school heads, 37 guidance teachers and 1,001 teachers. The study utilized the descriptive evaluative method. Data were collected through the use of researcher – adapted questionnaire checklist. The results showed that there is no significant correlation between the qualifications of the guidance teachers and their competencies as perceived by the three groups of respondents. The results showed that there are no significant correlations between the qualifications of the guidance teachers and their performance. In consideration of the correlation that exists, the administrators and the teachers perceived that the guidance teachers’ qualifications are positively correlated with the performance. The results showed that there is a low correlation between the competencies of guidance teachers and their performance but considered to be not significant. In consideration of the administrators and teachers, the correlation is positive while for the guidance teachers themselves, the correlation is negative.
Generate, Annotate, and Learn: NLP with Synthetic Text
Authors: He Xuanli , Nassar Islam , Kiros Jamie , Haffari Gholamreza , Norouzi Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the use of language models as a source of synthetic unlabeled text for NLP. We formulate a general framework called “generate, annotate, and learn (GAL)” to take advantage of synthetic text within knowledge distillation, self-training, and few-shot learning applications. To generate high-quality task-specific text, we either fine-tune LMs on inputs from the task of interest, or prompt large LMs with few examples. We use the best available classifier to annotate synthetic text with soft pseudo labels for knowledge distillation and self-training, and use LMs to obtain hard labels for few-shot learning. We train new supervised models on the combination of labeled and pseudo-labeled data, which results in significant gains across several applications. We investigate key components of GAL and present theoretical and empirical arguments against the use of class-conditional LMs to generate synthetic labeled text instead of unlabeled text. GAL achieves new state-of-the-art knowledge distillation results for 6-layer transformers on the GLUE leaderboard.
Saturated Transformers are Constant-Depth Threshold Circuits
Authors: Merrill William , Sabharwal Ashish , Smith Noah A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Transformers have become a standard neural network architecture for many NLP problems, motivating theoretical analysis of their power in terms of formal languages. Recent work has shown that transformers with hard attention are quite limited in power (Hahn, 2020), as they can be simulated by constant-depth AND/OR circuits (Hao et al., 2022). However, hard attention is a strong assumption, which may complicate the relevance of these results in practice. In this work, we analyze the circuit complexity of transformers with saturated attention: a generalization of hard attention that more closely captures the attention patterns learnable in practical transformers. We first show that saturated transformers transcend the known limitations of hard-attention transformers. We then prove saturated transformers with floating-point values can be simulated by constant-depth threshold circuits, giving the class TC0 as an upper bound on the formal languages they recognize.
Die Theodizee in Maximos von Tyros’ 41. Rede
Authors: Krämer Benedikt 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present paper inquires into Maximus of Tyre’s theodicy (Or. 41). Contemporary scholarship tends to disclaim the philosophical significance of Maximus’ speeches due to their opulent rhetoric and popularising style. Oratio 41—Maximus’ speech on the problem of evil—might be suited to counteract such tendencies. The paper first analyses the different aspects of Maximus’ theodicy within its Stoic-Middle Platonic milieu, then demonstrates, how Maximus always takes into account the main purpose of his orations—encouraging his adolescent listeners to choose philosophy as a way of life.
Economic Integration via Novel Investment Agreements: CAI’s Focus on Market Access vis-à-vis the Current Bilateral Investment Treaties Between China and European Union Member States
Authors: Vaccaro-Incisa G. Matteo , Giemza Wojciech 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) features limited substantive ‘traditional’ guarantees for foreign investors but contains original liberalization commitments that go beyond the otherwise common ‘admission’ promise, or the less common ‘establishment’ commitment, to regulate ‘market access’ – a unicorn in the field. By focusing on this aspect, the analysis makes reference to a) the current legal and policy framework of both EU and China, b) their respective international investment agreement (IIA) policies, and c) the bilateral investment treaties between China and EU member States. The CAI reveals a sui generis character as, in addition to its novel focus, it consolidates the EU tendency to drawing from other fields, including trade law, environmental law, labour law, sustainable development, and public international law. Considering CAI’s departure from established models, and its specific scope and context, the agreement may not contribute significantly to the development of the design and evolution of substantive rights afforded to foreign investors in IIAs.
The CAI and Sustainable Development
Authors: Dagbanja Dominic Npoanlari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sustainable investment is underpinned by principles that emphasise an investment’s contribution to sustainable development. Among the constituent elements of sustainable investment under the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) is corporate social responsibility (CSR). I appraise CSR provisions as to whether they make investment work for sustainable development. The provisions on CRS are founded on internationally recognised norms on sustainable development and responsible business practices as overarching principles and demonstrate EU-China leadership to harmonise and converge rules on investment protection and norms on sustainable development. This has long term systemic implications for both EU-China future international economic relations and for the global investment treaty regime. However, the sustainable development provisions exemplified by those on CRS create voluntary responsibilities. They are, therefore, unlikely to result in the attainment of the objective of sustainable investment. To infuse substantive content to these provisions and make them practically relevant, I propose that aspects of the norms on sustainable development and responsible business practices need to be incorporated into CAI and made legally binding and enforceable.
I. Howard Marshall’s Luke: Historian and Theologian
Authors: Strauss Mark L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
I. H. Marshall’s Luke: Historian and Theologian was a relatively short volume published in 1970. It was written primarily to respond to Hans Conzelmann’s book, Die Mitte der Zeit (‘The Middle of Time’), which claimed that the author of Luke-Acts redacted his sources to respond to the crisis provoked by the delay of the parousia in the church of his day. While Marshall’s work had a relatively narrow focus, it had a surprisingly significant impact, not only defending the historicity of Luke-Act but also introducing evangelical readers to redaction criticism and the theological purposes of the Evangelists. Fifty years after its original publication, we survey the book’s contents and reflect on its impact for evangelical scholarship and New Testament studies in general.
Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Relationship With Nature Visits, Connectedness to Nature and Physical Activity
Authors: Teixeira Andreia , Gabriel Ronaldo , Martinho José , Santos Mário , Faria Aurélio , Oliveira Irene , Moreira Helena 
Published: August 2022

Purpose Examine the association of visits to the natural environment, connectedness to nature, physical activity, and the adoption of pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) in individuals aged 18 years or older. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting City of Vila Real, located in the north of Portugal. Subjects We recruited 194 individuals (61 men and 133 women) aged 18-75 years. Mesures A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure nature visits, connectedness to nature, PEBs, and demographic characteristics. Neighborhood green space was appreciated through a Simplified Land Occupation Map and physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT). Analysis Correlations and nonlinear canonical correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The coefficients of canonical and multiple correlations were calculated. Results Nature visits were associated with involvement in environmental volunteering (V = .317, P ≤ .05) among men. In these, higher levels of moderate-vigorous PA were associated with green travel behavior (η2 = .325, P ≤ .05). Connectedness with nature was related (P ≤ .05) to private sphere behaviors, such as purchase of eco-products (η2 = .191) and local/seasonal products (η2 = .186) in females and encouraging care and protection of natural environment (η2 = .336, P ≤ .01) in males. Conclusions Nature visits, connection to nature, and physical activity levels were related to the adoption of PEBs in the private and public sphere, and these relationships differed between men and women.
Anticipated and Experienced Stigma After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Facente Shelley N. , De Zuzuarregui Mariah , Frank Darren , Gomez-Aladino Sarah , Muñoz Ariel , Williamson Sabrina , Wang Emily , Hunter Lauren A. , Packel Laura , Reingold Arthur 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Stigma has inhibited public health practitioners’ influence during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explore the experienced and anticipated stigma of people affiliated with a large university in the United States, using the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework. Methods We conducted a qualitative secondary substudy of 20 people who tested SARS-CoV-2 positive and 10 who tested negative in the summer of 2020, selected from a study of 3,324 university students and employees. Findings No participants reported anticipated stigmatization prior to testing positive. However, eight of 20 participants recounted stigma marking (being marked by COVID-19 diagnosis or membership in a “high-risk” group) or manifestations of stigma after testing positive, including feelings of guilt or shame, and concerns about being judged as selfish or irresponsible. Three described being denied services or social interactions as a result of having had COVID-19, long after their infectiousness ended. Participants noted that clear public health messaging must be paired with detailed scientific information, rather than leaving people to resort to non-experts to understand the science. Discussion Public health messaging designed to mitigate spread of SARS-CoV-2 and protect the community may perpetuate stigma and exacerbate inequities. As a result, people may avoid testing or treatment, mistrust public health messaging, or even use risk-increasing behavior as coping mechanisms. Implications for Practice Intentional use of language that promotes equity and deters discrimination must be high priority for any COVID-19-related public health messaging. Partnership with community leaders to co-create programs and disseminate messaging is a critical strategy for reducing stigma, especially for historically mistreated groups.
Pancreatic Ducts Obliteration With Controlled Injection of Onyx®: A Proposal of New Onyx® Pancreatic Ducts Obliteration Scoring System
Authors: Crafa Francesco , Vanella Serafino , Noviello Adele , Lombardi Giulio , Coppola Bottazzi Enrico 
Published: August 2022

Background The aim of this study was confirm the efficacy and feasibility of Onyx injection for pancreatic stump management after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and investigate a new Onyx® Pancreatic Ducts Obliteration (OPDO) scoring system of pancreatic duct obliteration (PDOb) in patients with high risk of Post-Operative Pancreatic Fistula (POPF). Study Design We enrolled ten patients undergoing PDOb with Onyx® intraoperative controlled injection after elective PD. Results PDOb with Onyx® controlled injection was classified according to the OPDO scoring system in three degrees: complete 5/10 (50%), medium 2/10 (20%) and bad 3/10 (30%). Increased amylase in abdominal drainage was identified in two patients (20%) with a degree II and III, and resolved spontaneously within a week. A “clinically relevant” POPF (CR-POPF) was observed in one patient (10%) with a degree III and none in the patients with degree I and II. Discussion We confirm that intraoperative injection of Onyx® is a valid solution in high-risk POPF patients and our OPDO scoring system allows obtain an intraoperative classification of the degree of PDO to prevent the CR-POPOF; furthermore, it may be suggested that the viscosity of the injected product (Onyx®) reduce parenchymal fibrosis.
A Review of Nano/Micro/Milli Needles Fabrications for Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Liu Bin , Yi Xin , Zheng Ying , Yuan Zhishan , Yang Jingbo , Yang Jian , Yu Xiao , Jiang Lelun , Wang Chengyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeedles, as some of the most widely used medical devices, have been effectively applied in human disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Thin 1D needle can easily penetrate cells/organs by generating highly localized stress with their sharp tips to achieve bioliquid sampling, biosensing, drug delivery, surgery, and other such applications. In this review, we provide an overview of multiscale needle fabrication techniques and their biomedical applications. Needles are classified as nanoneedles, microneedles and millineedles based on the needle diameter, and their fabrication techniques are highlighted. Nanoneedles bridge the inside and outside of cells, achieving intracellular electrical recording, biochemical sensing, and drug delivery. Microneedles penetrate the stratum corneum layer to detect biomarkers/bioelectricity in interstitial fluid and deliver drugs through the skin into the human circulatory system. Millineedles, including puncture, syringe, acupuncture and suture needles, are presented. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives for next-generation nano/micro/milli needles are discussed.
Design Theory and Method of Complex Products: A Review
Authors: Qiu Chan , Tan Jianrong , Liu Zhenyu , Mao Haoyang , Hu Weifei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDesign is a high-level and complex thinking activity of human beings, using existing knowledge and technology to solve problems and create new things. With the rise and development of intelligent manufacturing, design has increasingly reflected its importance in the product life cycle. Firstly, the concept and connotation of complex product design is expounded systematically, and the different types of design are discussed. The four schools of design theory are introduced, including universal design, axiomatic design, TRIZ and general design. Then the research status of complex product design is analyzed, such as innovative design, digital design, modular design, reliability optimization design, etc. Finally, three key scientific issues worthy of research in the future are indicated, and five research trends of “newer, better, smarter, faster, and greener” are summarized, aiming to provide references for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.