bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia cured by allogeneic stem cell transplant: a case report
Authors: Carey Edward , Ward Nicholas , Abdul-Hay Maher 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia is a rare lymphocytic neoplasm that can pose a treatment challenge in patients with severe neutropenia in whom conventional therapies fail. We report one of the first cases in which allogeneic stem cell therapy was used as treatment for large granular lymphocytic leukemia.
We report and discuss the case of a 42-year-old white Caucasian female who, despite multiple therapies including methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, cyclosporine, and pentostatin, continued to show severe neutropenia and recurrent infections. The patient was treated successfully and cured by allogeneic stem cell transplant without any major complications.

Conclusions
The significant importance of this case report is the introduction of a new treatment algorithm for challenging cases of T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia in which standard care fails. We hope that this case report will raise awareness of the potential benefits of allogeneic stem cell transplant in the treatment of aggressive forms of T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia.
Psoralen alleviates radiation-induced bone injury by rescuing skeletal stem cell stemness through AKT-mediated upregulation of GSK-3β and NRF2
Authors: Yin Bo-Feng , Li Zhi-Ling , Yan Zi-Qiao , Guo Zheng , Liang Jia-Wu , Wang Qian , Zhao Zhi-Dong , Li Pei-Lin , Hao Rui-Cong , Han Meng-Yue , Li Xiao-Tong , Mao Ning , Ding Li , Chen Da-Fu , Gao Yue , Zhu Heng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Repairing radiation-induced bone injuries remains a significant challenge in the clinic, and few effective medicines are currently available. Psoralen is a principal bioactive component of Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik and has been reported to have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and pro-osteogenesis activities. However, less information is available regarding the role of psoralen in the treatment of radiation-induced bone injury. In this study, we explored the modulatory effects of psoralen on skeletal stem cells and their protective effects on radiation-induced bone injuries.

Methods
The protective effects of psoralen on radiation-induced osteoporosis and irradiated bone defects were evaluated by microCT and pathological analysis. In addition, the cell proliferation, osteogenesis, and self-renewal of SSCs were explored. Further, the underlying mechanisms of the protective of psoralen were investigated by using RNA sequencing and functional gain and loss experiments in vitro and in vivo. Statistical significance was analyzed using Student's t test. The one-way ANOVA was used in multiple group data analysis.

Results
Here, we demonstrated that psoralen, a natural herbal extract, mitigated radiation-induced bone injury (irradiation-induced osteoporosis and irradiated bone defects) in mice partially by rescuing the stemness of irradiated skeletal stem cells. Mechanistically, psoralen restored the stemness of skeletal stem cells by alleviating the radiation-induced suppression of AKT/GSK-3β and elevating NRF2 expression in skeletal stem cells. Furthermore, the expression of KEAP1 in skeletal stem cells did not significantly change in the presence of psoralen. Moreover, blockade of NRF2 in vivo partially abolished the promising effects of psoralen in a murine model of irradiation-induced osteoporosis and irradiated bone regeneration.

Conclusions
In summary, our findings identified psoralen as a potential medicine to mitigate bone radiation injury. In addition, skeletal stem cells and AKT-GSK-3β and NRF2 may thus represent therapeutic targets for treating radiation-induced bone injury.

Graphical Abstract
Changes in best-corrected visual acuity in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration after stem cell transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Licheng , Yu Yang , Lin Shu , Hu Jianmin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Stem cell transplantation may improve visual acuity in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration. Herein, we aimed to summarise the evidence on the risks and benefits of stem cell transplantation for improving visual acuity, including the risk of adverse events.

Methods
Data were obtained from the PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, and each database was interrogated from the date of inception until 19 March 2022. The rates of visual acuity outcomes and adverse events associated with stem cell transplantation were examined. All statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42022322902).

Results
The analysis examined 10 studies (102 patients), including one and three, randomised and non-randomised clinical trials, and one and five, multicentre prospective and prospective clinical trials, respectively. Meta-analysis showed changes in best-corrected visual acuity in the study eyes after stem cell transplantation (6 months: risk ratio [RR] = 17.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.08–47.56, P < 0.00001; 12 months: RR = 11.00, 95% CI 2.36–51.36, P = 0.002). Subgroup analysis showed that different stem cell types achieved better best-corrected visual acuity at post-operative 6 months, compared to that observed at baseline. Four cases of related ocular adverse events and no related systemic adverse events were reported.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggests that stem cell transplantation may improve best-corrected visual acuity in dry age-related macular degeneration, based on small sample sizes and fewer randomised controlled trials.
PIKAChU: a Python-based informatics kit for analysing chemical units
Authors: Terlouw Barbara R. , Vromans Sophie P. J. M. , Medema Marnix H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs efforts to computationally describe and simulate the biochemical world become more commonplace, computer programs that are capable of in silico chemistry play an increasingly important role in biochemical research. While such programs exist, they are often dependency-heavy, difficult to navigate, or not written in Python, the programming language of choice for bioinformaticians. Here, we introduce PIKAChU (Python-based Informatics Kit for Analysing CHemical Units): a cheminformatics toolbox with few dependencies implemented in Python. PIKAChU builds comprehensive molecular graphs from SMILES strings, which allow for easy downstream analysis and visualisation of molecules. While the molecular graphs PIKAChU generates are extensive, storing and inferring information on aromaticity, chirality, charge, hybridisation and electron orbitals, PIKAChU limits itself to applications that will be sufficient for most casual users and downstream Python-based tools and databases, such as Morgan fingerprinting, similarity scoring, substructure matching and customisable visualisation. In addition, it comes with a set of functions that assists in the easy implementation of reaction mechanisms. Its minimalistic design makes PIKAChU straightforward to use and install, in stark contrast to many existing toolkits, which are more difficult to navigate and come with a plethora of dependencies that may cause compatibility issues with downstream tools. As such, PIKAChU provides an alternative for researchers for whom basic cheminformatic processing suffices, and can be easily integrated into downstream bioinformatics and cheminformatics tools. PIKAChU is available at https://github.com/BTheDragonMaster/pikachu.
Graphical Abstract
Targeting tumor-associated macrophages for cancer treatment
Authors: Li Mengjun , He Linye , Zhu Jing , Zhang Peng , Liang Shufang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant, nearly accounting for 30–50% of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs exhibit an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype in advanced cancer, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion and migration, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Consequently, the TAM-targeting therapies are particularly of significance in anti-cancer strategies. The application of TAMs as anti-cancer targets is expected to break through traditional tumor-associated therapies and achieves favorable clinical effect. However, the heterogeneity of TAMs makes the strategy of targeting TAMs variable and uncertain. Discovering the subset specificity of TAMs might be a future option for targeting TAMs therapy. Herein, the review focuses on highlighting the different modalities to modulate TAM’s functions, including promoting the phagocytosis of TAMs, TAMs depletion, blocking TAMs recruitment, TAMs reprogramming and suppressing immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also discuss about several ways to improve the efficacy of TAM-targeting therapy from the perspective of combination therapy and specificity of TAMs subgroups.
Shotgun proteomics of extracellular matrix in late senescent human dermal fibroblasts reveals a down-regulated fibronectin-centered network
Authors: Cho Kun , Yang Kyeong Eun , Nam Soo-Bin , Lee Song-I. , Yeo Eui-Ju , Choi Jong-Soon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play a pivotal role in cell growth and differentiation. To characterize aged ECM proteins, we compared the proteomes by shotgun method of young (passage #15) and late senescent (passage #40) human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) using SDS-PAGE coupled with LC–MS/MS. The relative abundance of identified proteins was determined using mol% of individual proteins as a semi-quantitative index. Fifteen ECM proteins including apolipoprotein B (APOB) and high-temperature requirement factor 1 (HTRA1) were up-regulated, whereas 50 proteins including fibronectin 1 (FN1) and vitronectin (VTN) were down-regulated in late senescent HDFs. The identified ECM proteins combined with plasma membrane were queried to construct the protein–protein interaction network using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis, resulting in a distinct FN1-centered network. Of differentially abundant ECM proteins in shotgun proteomics, the protein levels of FN1, VTN, APOB, and HTRA1 were verified by immunoblot analysis. The results suggest that the aging process in HDFs might be finally involved in the impaired FN1 regulatory ECM network combined with altered interaction of neighboring proteins. Shotgun proteomics of highly aged HDFs provides insight for further studies of late senescence-related alterations in ECM proteins.
Comparison of the tidal signatures in sporadic E and vertical ion convergence rate, using FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation observations and GAIA model
Authors: Sobhkhiz-Miandehi Sahar , Yamazaki Yosuke , Arras Christina , Miyoshi Yasunobu , Shinagawa Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSporadic E or Es is a transient phenomenon where thin layers of enhanced electron density appear in the ionospheric E region (90–120 km altitude). The neutral wind shear caused by atmospheric tides can lead ions to converge vertically at E-region heights and form the Es layer. This research aims to determine the role of atmospheric solar and lunar tides in Es occurrence. For this purpose, radio occultation data of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC have been used, which provide complete global coverage of Es events. Moreover, GAIA model simulations have been employed to evaluate the vertical ion convergence induced by solar tides. The results show both migrating and non-migrating solar tidal signatures and the semidiurnal migrating lunar tidal signature mainly in low and mid-latitude Es occurrence. The seasonal variation of the migrating solar tidal components of Es is in good agreement with those in the vertical ion convergence derived from GAIA at higher altitudes. Furthermore, some non-migrating components of solar tides, including semidiurnal westward wavenumbers 1 and 3 and diurnal eastward wavenumbers 2 and 3, also significantly affect the Es occurrence rate.
Graphical Abstract
The ghrelin-GHSR-1a pathway inhibits high glucose-induced retinal angiogenesis in vitro by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Li Rong , Yao Guomin , Zhou Lingxiao , Zhang Min , Yan Jin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effect of ghrelin, a brain-gut peptide hormone, on high glucose-induced retinal angiogenesis in vitro and explore its association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.MethodsHuman retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were first divided into control and high-glucose groups, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of the receptor for ghrelin [growth hormone secretin receptor 1a, (GHSR-1a)] in cells were determined. HRMECs were then treated with high glucose alone or in combination with ghrelin or siGHSR-1a, and cell viability, migration, tube formation and the expression of the ER stress-related proteins PERK, ATF4 and CHOP were detected. Finally, to clarify whether the effects of ghrelin are related to ER stress, tunicamycin, an inducer of ER stress, was used to treat HRMECs, and cell viability, cell migration, and tube formation were evaluated.ResultsGHSR-1a expression in HRMECs at both the mRNA and protein levels was inhibited by high-glucose treatment. Under high-glucose conditions, ghrelin promoted cell viability and inhibited migration and tube formation, which were blocked by siGHSR-1a treatment. Ghrelin inhibited the increases in the protein levels of p-PERK, ATF4 and CHOP induced by high-glucose treatment, and combination treatment with siGHSR-1a reversed this effect of ghrelin. When tunicamycin was added, the effects of ghrelin on cell viability, migration and tube formation were all weakened.ConclusionsThis study experimentally revealed that ghrelin can inhibit high glucose-induced retinal angiogenesis in vitro through GHSR-1a, and alleviation of ER stress may be one of the mechanisms underlying this effect.
Higher-order dynamic effects of uncertainty risk under thick-tailed stochastic volatility
Authors: Gong Xiao-Li , Lu Jin-Yan , Xiong Xiong , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSudden and uncertain events often cause cross-contagion of risk among various sectors of the macroeconomy. This paper introduces the stochastic volatility shock that follows a thick-tailed Student’st-distribution into a high-order approximate dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with Epstein–Zin preference to better analyze the dynamic effect of uncertainty risk on macroeconomics. Then, the high-dimensional DSGE model (DSGE-SV-t) is developed to examine the impact of uncertainty risk on the transmission mechanism among macroeconomic sectors. The empirical research found that uncertainty risk generates heterogeneous impacts on macroeconomic dynamics under different inflation levels and economic states. Among them, a technological shock has the strongest impact on employment and consumption channels. The crowding-out effect of a fiscal policy stimulus on consumption and private investments is relatively weakened when considering uncertainty risk but is more pronounced during periods of high inflation. Uncertainty risk can partly explain the decline in investments and the increase in interest rates and employment rates, given the impact of an agent’s risk preferences. Compared with external economic conditions, the inflation factor has a stronger impact on the macro transmission mechanism caused by uncertainty risk.
Signatures of functional bacteriome structure in a tropical direct-developing amphibian species
Authors: Martins Renato A. , Greenspan Sasha E. , Medina Daniel , Buttimer Shannon , Marshall Vanessa M. , Neely Wesley J. , Siomko Samantha , Lyra Mariana L. , Haddad Célio F. B. , São-Pedro Vinícius , Becker C. Guilherme 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Host microbiomes may differ under the same environmental conditions and these differences may influence susceptibility to infection. Amphibians are ideal for comparing microbiomes in the context of disease defense because hundreds of species face infection with the skin-invading microbe Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), and species richness of host communities, including their skin bacteria (bacteriome), may be exceptionally high. We conducted a landscape-scale Bd survey of six co-occurring amphibian species in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest. To test the bacteriome as a driver of differential Bd prevalence, we compared bacteriome composition and co-occurrence network structure among the six focal host species.

Results
Intensive sampling yielded divergent Bd prevalence in two ecologically similar terrestrial-breeding species, a group with historically low Bd resistance. Specifically, we detected the highest Bd prevalence in Ischnocnema henselii but no Bd detections in Haddadus binotatus. Haddadus binotatus carried the highest bacteriome alpha and common core diversity, and a modular network partitioned by negative co-occurrences, characteristics associated with community stability and competitive interactions that could inhibit Bd colonization.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that community structure of the bacteriome might drive Bd resistance in H. binotatus, which could guide microbiome manipulation as a conservation strategy to protect diverse radiations of direct-developing species from Bd-induced population collapses.
Quantitative shear wave elastography assessment of tibial nerve in diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Elfattah Hassan Gadalla Amr A. , Nada Hadeer Radwan , Kaddah Randa Osama , Khalil Alshaimaa Sobhi , Saleh Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of DPN is very important in the prognosis of disease and treatment as early treatment of DPN decreases both short-term and long-term morbidities. SWE elastography is a noninvasive and reproducible method for the precise evaluation of nerve stiffness.

Results
Tibial nerve stiffness is notably high at SWE in diabetic patients with DPN (mean shear wave elastography value of RT tibial SWE 75.3 ± 15.1 kPa) compared to patients without DPN (mean shear wave elastography value of RT tibial SWE 37.8 ± 11.6 kPa) and nerve stiffness in healthy control subjects (mean shear wave elastography value of RT tibial SWE 24.9 ± 6.3 kPa). There is a significant increase in the cross-sectional area (CSA) among diabetic patients with DPN (mean cross-sectional area of the right tibial nerve of 17 ± 1.9 mm2) and without DPN (mean cross-sectional area of the right tibial nerve of 14.5 ± 3.8 mm2) in comparison with control subjects (mean cross-sectional area of the right tibial nerve of 13.2 ± 3.1 mm2) in the right side. Borderline significance of the CSA parameters of the tibial nerve study on the left side in different groups. The cutoff point to determine DPN among diabetic patients in the right lower limb is more than 63.8 kPa. With 89% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the detection of DPN on the right side, the SWE has 100% PPV and 95.5% NPV in the detection of DPN on the right side.

Conclusion
SWE is an effective assistant method in the diagnosis of DPN and is useful when a suspected neuropathy is not detectable by electrophysiology.
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding in Egyptian elderly patients: real-life experience
Authors: Hossam Maha , Abdel-Fattah Soheir , Elkholy Shaimaa , Khaled Yomna , Awad Abeer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Elderly people are a vulnerable group of patients subjected to multiple health problems. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in older adults is a frequent cause of hospital admissions. The presence of multiple comorbidities and greater medication use influence the clinical outcome.

Aim
The aim of our work was to analyze the etiology, precipitating factors, management, and outcome of the elderly Egyptian patients (> 65 years old) presenting with acute UGIB.

Methods
Three hundred thirty-two patients presenting with acute UGIB. The patients were classified into two groups according to age (elderly, above 65 years old, and young, below 65 years old). Clinical assessment, laboratory tests, and upper endoscopy were done for all patients. They were followed for 1 month.

Results
Elderly females showed higher incidence of acute UGIB (45.8% versus 28.9%) with significant P-value (0.001). The incidence of esophageal varices was high in young patients than in the elderly (46.4% vs 35.5%) with P-value (0.045), while the elderly patients showed a higher incidence of esophageal ulcers and gastric mass than the young patients (7.8% vs 2.4%), (6% vs 0%) with P-value (0.025 and 0.013) respectively. Also, there was a higher incidence of peptic ulcer in elderly than young patients but does not reach a significant value with P-value (0.067), while there was no difference between both groups as regards presence of (fundal varix, erosive gastritis, moniliasis, portal hypertensive gastropathy, antral gastritis, bulb duodenitis, post band ulcer, dieulafoy, gastric polyp, and angiodysplasia). Rockall score, duration of hospital stay, and mortality incidence (33.1% vs 15.7%) were high in the elderly than young patients with P-value (< 0.001).

Conclusion
The elderly are vulnerable groups who are at high risk of adverse outcome and mortality following acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Oblique propagation of ion-acoustic solitary waves in magnetized electron-positron-ion plasma with Cairns distribution
Authors: Khalid Muhammad , Ullah Azmat , Kabir Abdul , Khan Hilal , Irshad Muhammad , Shah Syed Mohsin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The propagation of ion-acoustic (IA) solitary waves (SWs) is investigated in a magnetized electron-positron-ion (EPI) plasma with Cairns distributed electrons and positrons. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) and modified KdV (mKdV) equations are derived for the potential by employing the reductive perturbation technique (RPT) and its solitary wave (SW) solutions are analyzed. The effects of relevant plasma parameters (viz., nonthermality parameter β, positron concentration

, ion thermality δ and magnetic field strength Ω) on the characteristics of IA solitary structures are discussed in detail.
Linear and nonlinear combined aerodynamic reduced order model based on residual network framework
Authors: Qi Hui , Yu Jiaming , Jiang Jingjiang , Guo Jing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) is a rising technology in the field of artificial intelligence due to its advantages of easy optimization, high accuracy, information fidelity and no gradient disappearance. Based on the powerful ability of machine learning to learn from big data features, a residual network aerodynamic reduced order model (ROM) framework based on CFD sample data was proposed. In this letter, a binary airfoil is taken as the research object, and the displacement information representing the movement characteristics of the flow field can be transmitted by two ways: one is that the input information is continuously captured and extracted by the deep convolution layer; the other is that the input information is directly transmitted around the convolutional layer. Then the characteristic information of the two approaches is integrated and activated through the output layer to complete the regression prediction of the wing aerodynamic characteristics. Finally, the ROM frame is used to predict the strongly nonlinear hysteresis loops of airfoil under pitching motion, and the results show that the ROM frame is effective. In addition, the framework can be applied to qualitative interpretation of complex flow phenomena and aeroelastic analysis.