bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Branched Tertiary Amines from Aldehydes and α‐Olefins by Combined Multiphase Tandem Reactions
Authors: Strohmann Marc , Vorholt Andreas J. , Leitner Walter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study presents the transformation of olefins to branched amines by combining a hydroformylation/aldol condensation tandem reaction with the reductive amination in a combined multiphase system that can be recycled 9 times. The products are branched amines that are precursors for surfactants. Since the multiphase hydrofomylation/aldol condensation system has already been studied, the first step was to develop the partial hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes together with a subsequent reductive amination. The rhodium/phosphine catalyst is immobilized in a polar polyethylene phase which separates from the product phase after the reaction. Reaction and catalyst recycling are demonstrated by the conversion of the C14‐aldehyde 2‐pentylnonenal with the dimethylamine surrogate dimethylammonium dimethylcarbamate to the corresponding tertiary amine with yields up to 88 % and an average rhodium leaching of less than 0.1 % per recycling run. Furthermore, the positive influence of a Bronsted acid and carbon monoxide on the selectivity are discussed. Finally, the two PEG based systems have been merged in one recycling approach, by using the product phase of the hydroformylation aldol condensation reaction for the reductive amination reaction. The yields are stable during a nine recycling runs and the leaching low with 0.09 % over the two recycling stages.
Bridging the Analytical Gap Between Gas Treatment and Reactor Plants in Carbon2Chem®
Authors: Hegen Oliver , Salazar Gómez Jorge Iván , Grünwald Christina , Rettke Alina , Sojka Martha , Klucken Christian , Pickenbrock Jens , Filipp Jan , Schlögl Robert , Ruland Holger 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of purified process gases as feedstock for subsequent processes requires a detailed verification of the gas purity to ensure long lifetimes of applied catalysts. Herein, the analytical infrastructure for the measurements of the cleaned gases is presented. An overview of all sampling points for the off‐ and on‐line analysis is given. The detailed decryption of the composition of the cleaned blast furnace gas, its main components as well as its traces are presented. Thereby, over 99 % of the overall signal strength of this complex gas matrix measured with a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer with H3O+ as reagent ion could be revealed. Furthermore, by the example of the catalyst poison H2S, the necessity of monitoring continuously the gas matrix for certain compounds was proven.
Hybrid particle swarm optimization with sequential one point flipping algorithm for feature selection
Authors: Isuwa Jeremiah , Abdullahi Mohammed , Sahabi Ali Yusuf , Abdulrahim Abdulrazaq 
Published: August 2022

SummaryScientific and technological advancements lead to the continuous generation of a large amount of data. These datasets are analyzed computationally to reveal patterns and trends. While the presence of noisy and irrelevant features or attributes in these datasets is unavoidable, they negatively impact the performance of classification techniques. Feature selection is a method to pre‐process these datasets by selecting the most informative features while concurrently improving the classification accuracy. Recently, several metaheuristic algorithms were employed in this feature selection process, including particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO is prominent in the field of feature selection due to its simplicity and global search abilities. However, it may get stuck in local optima. To solve this problem, a new update mechanism in PSO is proposed and the PSO is hybridized with a local search method. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, benchmark datasets from the University of California in Irvine (UCI) repository were utilized, the k‐nearest neighbor as the classifier. Results show that the proposed feature selection technique outperforms other optimization algorithms on these feature selection problems.
Sustainable Valorisation and Efficient Downstream Processing of Giant Reed by High‐Pressure Carbon Dioxide Pretreatment
Authors: Di Fidio Nicola , Tozzi Federico , Martinelli Marco , Licursi Domenico , Fulignati Sara , Antonetti Claudia , Raspolli Galletti Anna Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work investigated the catalytic high‐pressure CO2 pretreatment of giant reed. CO2 is a renewable resource; its use does not generate chemical wastes and it can be easily removed and recycled. The effect of the addition of low concentrations of FeCl3 (0.16 wt %) and PEG 400 (1.0 wt %) on the hemicellulose hydrolysis to xylose and xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) is reported for the first time. Under the optimised pretreatment conditions, the xylan conversion of 82 mol % and xylose and XOS yields of 43 and 20 mol % were achieved, respectively. The solid residues obtained from different pretreatments were used as the substrate for the enzymatic hydrolysis to give glucose. The total glucose yield achieved under the optimised two‐step process was 67.8 mol % with respect to the glucan units in the biomass. The results demonstrated that PEG‐assisted FeCl3‐catalysed scCO2 pretreatment can produce xylose‐ or XOS‐rich hydrolysates and improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass.
Psychological treatment of traumatic memories in COVID‐19 survivors
Authors: Dinapoli Loredana , Ferrarese Daniele , Belella Daniela , Carnevale Stefania , Camardese Giovanni , Sani Gabriele , Chieffo Daniela Pia Rosaria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic, which has affected a significant number of individuals worldwide, is generating serious mental health issues. Recovered COVID‐19 patients have experienced traumatic events related to their symptoms, isolation, possible hospitalization, bereavement, fear of infecting loved ones and the physical consequences of COVID‐19. One effective psychological treatment for these patients is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The aim of this paper is to describe the therapeutic intervention and effects of EMDR in a pool of COVID‐19 survivors referred to an integrated psychological/psychiatric outpatient service. Twelve patients, comprising of nine males and three females, underwent EMDR psychotherapy from October 2020 to February 2022. Each patient received 8–16 weekly treatment sessions. The standard EMDR protocol of eight stages was administered to enable desensitization and reprocessing of four main targets: first positive swab, hospitalization, isolation and fear for relatives' health. Efficacy of EMDR was demonstrated by the significant improvement at clinical scale for subjective distress caused by traumatic events. For the therapists, carrying out these treatments was an intense and challenging experience. In fact, the perceived distance between therapist and patient was less defined than in other hospital settings because the pandemic affects everyone equally. However, with the widespread availability of vaccines and although the pandemic is still ongoing with the emergence of new variants, a window of improvement in the mental health landscape is starting to open up.
Supervised machine learning in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for improved particle size determination
Authors: de Bruijn Douwe S. , ten Eikelder Henricus R. A. , Papadimitriou Vasileios A. , Olthuis Wouter , van den Berg Albert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe assessment of particle and cell size in electrical microfluidic flow cytometers has become common practice. Nevertheless, in flow cytometers with coplanar electrodes accurate determination of particle size is difficult, owing to the inhomogeneous electric field. Pre‐defined signal templates and compensation methods have been introduced to correct for this positional dependence, but are cumbersome when dealing with irregular signal shapes. We introduce a simple and accurate post‐processing method without the use of pre‐defined signal templates and compensation functions using supervised machine learning. We implemented a multiple linear regression model and show an average reduction of the particle diameter variation by 37% with respect to an earlier processing method based on a feature extraction algorithm and compensation function. Furthermore, we demonstrate its application in flow cytometry by determining the size distribution of a population of small (4.6 ± 0.9 μm) and large (5.9 ± 0.8 μm) yeast cells. The improved performance of this coplanar, two electrode chip enables precise cell size determination in easy to fabricate impedance flow cytometers.
Genetic confirmation of a hybrid between two highly divergent cardinalid species: A rose‐breasted grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) and a scarlet tanager (Piranga olivacea)
Authors: Toews David P. L. , Rhinehart Tessa A. , Mulvihill Robert , Galen Spencer , Gosser Stephen M. , Johnson Tom , Williamson Jessie L. , Wood Andrew W. , Latta Steven C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing, analysis of vocalizations, and inferences from natural history, we document a first‐generation hybrid between a rose‐breasted grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) and a scarlet tanager (Piranga olivacea). These two species occur sympatrically throughout much of eastern North America, although were not previously known to interbreed. Following the field identification of a putative hybrid, we use genetic and bioacoustic data to show that a rose‐breasted grosbeak was the maternal parent and a scarlet tanager was the paternal parent of the hybrid, whose song was similar to the latter species. These two species diverged >10 million years ago, and thus it is surprising to find a hybrid formed under natural conditions in the wild. Notably, the hybrid has an exceptionally heterozygous genome, with a conservative estimate of a heterozygous base every 100 bp. The observation that this hybrid of such highly divergent parental taxa has survived until adulthood serves as another example of the capacity for hybrid birds to survive with an exceptionally divergent genomic composition.
Investigation of formation and ultrasonic disassembling of RBC Aggregation aimed for maintenance of blood channel
Authors: Hatakeyama Mayu , Akamatsu Yuichiro , Sato Takayuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEstablishment of real‐time monitoring technique for blood viscosity during extracorporeal circulation treatment is needed. We have demonstrated that red blood cell (RBC, hereafter) aggregation degree, which highly correlates with the blood viscosity, can be estimated by the ultrasound spectroscopic observation of the RBC and the defining of the peak frequency by the Fast Fourier Transform process. In this study, the peak frequency was measured to investigate the aggregation degree of RBC flowing in a simple heart‐lung machine. In addition, to disassemble the RBC aggregations that might cause the clogging of the circuit, a disassemble technique of the RBC aggregations using a focused 5 MHz ultrasonic transducer was also proposed. As the first step of this study, the disassembling of the RBC aggregations was carried out under the still condition and its effect was confirmed by the peak frequency method.
Trajectories in New York Heart Association functional class in heart failure across the ejection fraction spectrum: data from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Lindberg Felix , Lund Lars H. , Benson Lina , Dahlström Ulf , Karlström Patric , Linde Cecilia , Rosano Giuseppe , Savarese Gianluigi 
Published: August 2022

AimsTo investigate incidence, predictors and prognostic implications of longitudinal New York Heart Association (NYHA) class changes (i.e. improving or worsening vs. stable NYHA class) in heart failure (HF) across the ejection fraction (EF) spectrum.Methods and resultsFrom the Swedish HF Registry, 13 535 patients with EF and ≥2 NYHA class assessments were considered. Multivariable multinomial regressions were fitted to identify the independent predictors of NYHA change. Over a 1‐year follow‐up, 69% of patients had stable, 17% improved, and 14% worsened NYHA class. Follow‐up in specialty care predicted improving NYHA class, whereas an in‐hospital patient registration, lower EF, renal disease, lower mean arterial pressure, older age, and longer HF duration predicted worsening. The association between NYHA change and subsequent outcomes was assessed with multivariable Cox models. When adjusting for the NYHA class at baseline, improving NYHA class was independently associated with lower while worsening with higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, and first HF hospitalization. After adjustment for the NYHA class at follow‐up, NYHA class change did not predict morbidity/mortality. NYHA class assessment at baseline and follow‐up predicted morbidity/mortality on top of the changes. Results were consistent across the EF spectrum.ConclusionIn a large real‐world HF population, NYHA class trajectories predicted morbidity/mortality after extensive adjustments. However, the prognostic role was entirely explained by the resulting NYHA class, i.e. the follow‐up value. Our results highlight that considering one‐time NYHA class assessment, rather than trajectories, might be the preferable approach in clinical practice and for clinical trial design.
Single channel properties of pannexin‐1 and connexin‐43 hemichannels and P2X7 receptors in astrocytes cultured from rodent spinal cords
Authors: Garré Juan Mauricio , Bukauskas Feliksas F. , Bennett Michael V. L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAstrocytes express surface channels involved in purinergic signaling. Among these channels, pannexin‐1 (Px1) and connexin‐43 (Cx43) hemichannels (HCs) release ATP that acts directly, or through its derivatives, on neurons and glia via purinergic receptors. Although HCs are functional, that is, open and close under physiological and pathological conditions, single channel properties of Px1 HCs in astrocytes have not been defined. Here, we developed a dual voltage clamp technique in HeLa cells expressing human Px1‐YFP, and then applied this system to rodent spinal astrocytes to compare their single channel properties with other surface channels, that is, Cx43 HCs and P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs). Channels were recorded in cell attached patches and evoked with ramp cycles applied through another pipette in whole cell voltage clamp. The mean unitary conductances of Px1 HCs were comparable in HeLa Px1‐YFP cells and spinal astrocytes, ~42 and ~48 pS, respectively. Based on their unitary conductance, voltage‐dependence, and unitary activity after pharmacological and gene silencing, Px1 HCs in astrocytes could be distinguished from Cx43 HCs and P2X7Rs. Channel activity of Px1 HCs and P2X7Rs was greater than that of Cx43 HCs in control astrocytes during ramps. Unitary activity of Px1 HCs was decreased and that of Cx43 HCs and P2X7Rs increased in astrocytes treated with fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF‐1). In summary, we resolved single channel properties of three different surface channels involved in purinergic signaling in spinal astrocytes, which were differentially modulated by FGF‐1, a growth factor involved in neurodevelopment, inflammation and repair.
Overexpression of circFNDC3B promotes the progression of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma through the miR‐1322/MED1 axis
Authors: Chen Xiao , Kong Deyu , Deng Jun , Mo Fei , Liang Jin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe potential role of circFNDC3B in regulating oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma development (OTSCC) remains unknown.MethodsThe level of circFNDC3B in OTSCC tissues or cell lines was measured and its function in vitro and in vivo was analyzed. Interactions among circFNDC3B, miR‐1322, and MED1 were verified by luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays.ResultsThe level of circFNDC3B in tissues or cell lines of OTSCC was higher than that in control groups. siRNA‐mediated circFNDC3B inhibition resulted in weakened proliferation, migration, and invasion, which was reversed by miR‐1322. Overexpression of MED1 in OTSCC cells partially reversed the tumor suppression functions of si‐circFNDC3B or miR‐1322 mimics in vitro. circFNDC3B overexpression dramatically promoted tumor growth in vivo. circFNDC3B directly bound with miR‐1322 and consequently promoted the MED1 expression in OTSCC cells.ConclusionsThe circFNDC3B/miR‐1322/MED1 axis participates in OTSCC progression, which may provide novel therapeutic targets for OTSCC.
Assessing mild cognitive impairment using object‐location memory in immersive virtual environments
Authors: Castegnaro Andrea , Howett David , Li Adrienne , Harding Elizabeth , Chan Dennis , Burgess Neil , King John 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPathological changes in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) are found in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging. The earliest pathological accumulation of tau colocalizes with the areas of the MTL involved in object processing as part of a wider anterolateral network. Here, we sought to assess the diagnostic potential of memory for object locations in iVR environments in individuals at high risk of AD dementia (amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI] n = 23) as compared to age‐related cognitive decline. Consistent with our primary hypothesis that early AD would be associated with impaired object location, aMCI patients exhibited impaired spatial feature binding. Compared to both older (n = 24) and younger (n = 53) controls, aMCI patients, recalled object locations with significantly less accuracy (p < .001), with a trend toward an impaired identification of the object's correct context (p = .05). Importantly, these findings were not explained by deficits in object recognition (p = .6). These deficits differentiated aMCI from controls with greater accuracy (AUC = 0.89) than the standard neuropsychological tests. Within the aMCI group, 16 had CSF biomarkers indicative of their likely AD status (MCI+ n = 9 vs. MCI− n = 7). MCI+ showed lower accuracy in the object‐context association than MCI− (p = .03) suggesting a selective deficit in object‐context binding postulated to be associated with anterior‐temporal areas. MRI volumetric analysis across healthy older participants and aMCI revealed that test performance positively correlates with lateral entorhinal cortex volumes (p < .05) and hippocampus volumes (p < .01), consistent with their hypothesized role in binding contextual and spatial information with object identity. Our results indicate that tests relying on the anterolateral object processing stream, and in particular requiring successful binding of an object with spatial information, may aid detection of pre‐dementia AD due to the underlying early spread of tau pathology.
StrainPanDA: Linked reconstruction of strain composition and gene content profiles via pangenome‐based decomposition of metagenomic data
Authors: Hu Han , Tan Yuxiang , Li Chenhao , Chen Junyu , Kou Yan , Xu Zhenjiang Zech , Liu Yang‐Yu , Tan Yan , Dai Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrobial strains of variable functional capacities coexist in microbiomes. Current bioinformatics methods of strain analysis cannot provide the direct linkage between strain composition and their gene contents from metagenomic data. Here we present Strain‐level Pangenome Decomposition Analysis (StrainPanDA), a novel method that uses the pangenome coverage profile of multiple metagenomic samples to simultaneously reconstruct the composition and gene content variation of coexisting strains in microbial communities. We systematically validate the accuracy and robustness of StrainPanDA using synthetic data sets. To demonstrate the power of gene‐centric strain profiling, we then apply StrainPanDA to analyze the gut microbiome samples of infants, as well as patients treated with fecal microbiota transplantation. We show that the linked reconstruction of strain composition and gene content profiles is critical for understanding the relationship between microbial adaptation and strain‐specific functions (e.g., nutrient utilization and pathogenicity). Finally, StrainPanDA has minimal requirements for computing resources and can be scaled to process multiple species in a community in parallel. In short, StrainPanDA can be applied to metagenomic data sets to detect the association between molecular functions and microbial/host phenotypes to formulate testable hypotheses and gain novel biological insights at the strain or subspecies level.
Complex heatmap visualization
Authors: Gu Zuguang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeatmap is a widely used statistical visualization method on matrix‐like data to reveal similar patterns shared by subsets of rows and columns. In the R programming language, there are many packages that make heatmaps. Among them, the ComplexHeatmap package provides the richest toolset for constructing highly customizable heatmaps. ComplexHeatmap can easily establish connections between multisource information by automatically concatenating and adjusting a list of heatmaps as well as complex annotations, which makes it widely applied in data analysis in many fields, especially in bioinformatics, to find hidden structures in the data. In this article, we give a comprehensive introduction to the current state of ComplexHeatmap, including its modular design, its rich functionalities, and its broad applications.
Agricultural innovation and adaptation to climate change: Insights from US maize
Authors: Lee Seungki , Ji Yongjie , Moschini GianCarlo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClimate change is a major threat to the global food supply, and adaptation by technological progress is essential. We show that the scope of the required innovation is challenging. Our benchmark is the estimated yield gain in US maize due to genetically engineered (GE) varieties. Extrapolated future yields, given climate projections, indicate significant negative impacts of climate change. Yield shortfalls, by the end of the century, range from 2.8 to 6.3 times the total yield gains from first‐generation GE varieties. Ambitious and targeted R&D efforts, and innovation breakthroughs, may be required to offset the negative impact of climate change.