bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional printing of wheat flour and Acheta domesticus powder blends
Authors: Adedeji Olajide Emmanuel , Lee Ha Eun , Kim Yeojin , Kang Hye Jee , Kang Mi Dan , Kim Ji Yoon , Kim Jung Soo , Ezekiel Olufunke Oluseyi , Kim Won‐Chan , Lee Sung‐Joon , Moon Kwang‐Deog , Jung Young Hoon 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThree‐dimensional printing (3DP), a novel food‐processing technique, may improve the aesthetic qualities of insect‐based products. In this study, structural and morphological properties of insect powder‐based bio‐inks with 0%–75% insect powder (IP) in wheat flour (WF) matrix were evaluated. Proximate composition, water absorption capacity, amino acids and degree of redness and yellowness increased (P < 0.05). Fourier transform infrared analysis, scanning electron microscope and 3D printability results showed good incorporation of IP and WF. Good viscoelastic properties were exhibited by the inks using 40% solid of 75% IP and 25% WF, and 50% solid of 50% IP and 50% WF. These samples showed comparable dimensions to the standard design and had good textural properties. Thus, 3DP can be effective in processing edible insects, improving the aesthetic quality and reducing consumer apathy.
Adaption of the Cancer Information Overload Scale for pandemics and assessment of infodemic levels among nurses and midwives
Authors: Fernandez Ritin , Green Heidi , Hobbs Cassandra , Loveday Clare , Almasi Elham , Middleton Rebekkah , Halcomb Elizabeth J , Moxham Lorna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThis study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 aimed to adapt the Cancer Information Overload Scale and conduct content validity testing. Phase 2 aimed to conduct factorial validity testing of the scale. Phase 3 aimed to assess information overload and the sources of information used by nurses and midwives to keep up‐to‐date about COVID‐19.DesignA cross‐sectional survey of nurses and midwives working in a metropolitan Local Health District in Sydney, Australia, was conducted from May to June 2020.MethodsAdaptation of the Cancer Information Overload Scale and content validity of the modified scale (as the Pandemic Information Overload Scale) was undertaken by an expert panel comprising of senior nurses and researchers. Factorial validity and reliability of the Pandemic Information Overload Scale were evaluated using exploratory factor analyses using one subsample of the data. Using the second subsample of the data, information overload and sources of information used by nurses and midwives to keep up‐to‐date about COVID‐19 were examined.ResultsThe Pandemic Information Overload Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring information overload among nurses during a pandemic. Its internal consistency was high (α = 0.81, M = 3.84).ConclusionThe 8‐item PIO scale is a brief, reliable and psychometrically sound instrument for measuring nurses' and midwives' perceptions of information overload during COVID‐19. Mean scores across this study indicated that participants were experiencing above average information overload. Implementing strategies to reduce this overload would optimize clinical decision making and promote patient safety.
Awareness, attitude, and perceived anxiety about COVID‐19 in the Iranian population: A cross‐sectional questionnaire survey
Authors: Ghasemi Mahsa , Roy Deblina , Shabani Mina , Singh Nitika , Pirzeh Reza , Kar Sujita Kumar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn emergence of mental health issues among the general population has been reported during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate COVID‐19 awareness, attitude, and perceived anxiety among the Iranian people. This is a cross‐sectional web‐based survey done on the community population of Iran. The sample population was recruited through purposive sampling. The study questionnaire was circulated through online platforms as a web link. A questionnaire used in previous research has been used after translation in a sample of 375 adults from Iran. The majority of the participants in the study have a favourable attitude towards hand washing, social distancing, self‐quarantine/isolation, and governmental policies regarding COVID‐19. Similarly, many people feel anxious about partying, traveling, meetings, online shopping, and social contact. Anxiety related to contracting COVID‐19 infection is reported in a larger populace. Most (> 80 percent) of the participants agree with the need for mental healthcare during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The Iranian population has a favorable attitude towards the prevention of COVID‐19. High anxiety and a perceived need for mental healthcare need in the community necessitates amelioration of mental healthcare during this challenging time.
The efficacy of the adjunct use of subgingival air‐polishing therapy with erythritol powder compared to conventional debridement alone during initial non‐surgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Divnic‐Resnik Tihana , Pradhan Harold , Spahr Axel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy of the adjunct use of a subgingival erythritol powder air‐polishing device (EPAP) in comparison to conventional subgingival instrumentation alone during initial non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐one patients with generalized Stages 2 and 3 grade B periodontitis were included in this single centre, single blinded, split‐mouth, randomized clinical trial. Teeth on the control side were treated with conventional hand and ultrasonic instrumentation, while those on the contralateral test side was treated using EPAP as adjunct to conventional subgingival instrumentation with hand and ultrasonic instruments. Three months after initial instrumentation, persisting pockets of ≥4 mm were re‐treated, in both control and test sides, again with the respective treatment approach—subgingival instrumentation alone on control, and subgingival instrumentation + EPAP on test side. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing, and relative attachment level were recorded at baseline and 3 and 6 months following the initial instrumentation. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline, immediately post surgery, as well as at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after initial instrumentation.ResultsIn the test group after 6 months, a significantly larger number of initially deep pockets (PPD ≥ 5.5 mm) were reduced to shallow (PPD ≤ 3.4 mm), and a larger attachment gain was observed. No statistically significant microbiological differences could be found between test and control group.ConclusionsThe results of the present study indicate that the adjunct use of subgingival airflow therapy with EPAP during initial non‐surgical periodontal therapy might be beneficial in initially deep pockets (PPD ≥ 5.5 mm).
Review of dietary assessment studies conducted among Khmer populations living in Cambodia
Authors: Windus Janelle L. , Duncanson Kerith , Burrows Tracy L. , Collins Clare E. , Rollo Megan E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite economic growth, Cambodia continues to have high rates of malnutrition, anaemia and nutrition‐related deficiencies. Government policies promote nutrition strategies, although dietary intake data is limited. A detailed synthesis of existing intake data is needed to inform nutrition policy and practice change. This review aims to characterise and assess quality of dietary assessment methods and outcomes from individual‐level ‘whole diet’ studies of Khmer people living in Cambodia.MethodsSearches were conducted using PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Included papers reported dietary intake at an individual level for ‘whole diet’. Studies using secondary data or lacking dietary assessment details were excluded. Extracted data included dietary assessment features, nutrient/food group intakes and database.ResultsNineteen publications (15 studies) were included, with nine carried out among children under 5 years and six among women. Eleven studies reported intake by food groups and four by nutrients, prominently energy, protein, vitamin A, iron, calcium and zinc. Inconsistent intakes, food groupings and reporting of study characteristics limited data synthesis. All but one study used 24‐h recalls. Trained local fieldworkers used traditional interview‐administered data collection and varied portion estimation tools. Food composition databases for analysis were not tailored to the Cambodian diet. Overall quality was rated as ‘good’.ConclusionsWe recommend the development of a best‐practice protocol for conducting dietary assessment, a Cambodia‐specific food composition database and a competent trained workforce of nutrition professionals, with global support of expertise and funding for future dietary assessment studies conducted in Cambodia.
Potential use of native fruits waste from Argentina as nonconventional sources of cosmetic ingredients
Authors: Orqueda María Eugenia , Zampini Iris Catiana , Bravo Karent , Osorio Edison , Isla María Inés 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCollagenase, hyaluronidase, elastase, and tyrosinase enzymes are overexpressed and overactive in the skin aging process and hydrolyze the components of the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) of the skin; these enzymes produce the clinical framework of aging, which includes skin dryness, hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, and inelasticity.AimsThe aim of this study was to explore the potential use of waste from two Argentine native fruits, namely Ziziphus mistol, and red and orange varieties of Solanum betaceum, as sources of bioactive compounds.MethodsPhenolic enriched extracts (PEE) from waste of Z. mistol and S. betaceum were obtained, and their total contents of phenolics and flavonoids were evaluated. The bioactive properties of the extracts were analyzed by measuring their antioxidant capacity and the inhibitory activity on collagenase, hyaluronidase, elastase, and tyrosinase enzymes.ResultsThe increased ability to inhibit the collagenase was demonstrated by the PEE of Z. mistol seeds and peel, while the enzyme elastase was mostly inhibited by extracts of S. betaceum skin. Z. mistol seed extract was the most active to inhibit hyaluronidase, reaching 96% inhibition at a concentration of 100 μg GAE/mL. The most active extracts to inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme were obtained from the peel of two varieties of chilto fruits, orange and red, and the mistol seed.ConclusionsThe results obtained suggest that Z. mistol and S. betaceum waste may be considered as a source of bioactive phenolics. Here, Argentine native fruits waste is presented as a most promising alternative in cosmetic products, with future uses such as hydrogels, creams, or lotions.
Impacts of sun protection and skin care habits in the biophysical and morphological properties of young men skin
Authors: Hugo Pacagnelli Infante Victor , Melo Maisa O. , Maia Campos Patrícia M. B. G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that UVB radiation may cause changes in the epidermal permeability barrier and in the stratum corneum hydration. It is also well known that sun exposure causes erythema, skin cancer, and other physiologic alterations. Furthermore, because of the cultural barrier, men usually apply less sunscreen.AimsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the cosmetic use and sun protection habits of young men, correlating their lifestyle with the biophysical and morphological skin characteristics, as well as to study how skin unprotected sun exposure can affect these features even in young people.Patients/Methods60 participants between 18 and 28 years old were divided into two groups: with photoprotection habits (PP habits) and without photoprotection habits (No PP habits). They were questioned about their sunscreen and cosmetic products use. The skin parameters were evaluated using biophysical and skin imaging techniques.Results and Conclusion60% of the participants did not apply sunscreen often, and 80% did not consume other skin care products. No PP habits group presented an increase in the transepidermal water loss—TEWL and sebum level, as well as a reduction in the stratum corneum water content and dermis echogenicity. The skin characteristics evaluated in this study were correlated with the sun protection habits and skin care behavior showing that men face some sociocultural barrier to start the use of cosmetic products. Thus, it is important to consider this information for the dermatological clinical and development of cosmetic products for men's skin.
N6‐methyladenosine modification contributes to arecoline‐mediated oral submucosal fibrosis
Authors: Li Xia , Gao Yijun , Chen Wuya , Gu Yangcong , Song Jing , Zhang Jianming , Ai Yilong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous condition that closely related to the habit of chewing betel nut. The OSF patients of 3%–19% may develop cancer, and this probability is increasing year by year. Epigenetics modifications have been reported as part of the pathogenesis of OSF. However, in OSF field, the role and mechanism of arecoline‐induced activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) signaling on N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of arecoline on m6A modification.MethodsMeRIP‐Seq and RNA‐seq were performed in arecoline‐stimulated cells. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to detect the expression of m6A writers and erasers. CCK‐8 and flow cytometry analyses were performed to measure the cell viability and apoptosis.Resultsm6A level was increased in OSF tissues compared to normal tissues; arecoline promoted the m6A methyltransferase Mettl3 and Mettl14 through TGF‐β. MeRIP‐seq and RNA‐seq analyses found that MYC was the target gene of Mettl14. In addition, Mettl14 silence reversed the effects of arecoline on cell proliferation and apoptosis in Hacat cells.ConclusionTGF‐β‐METTL14‐m6A‐MYC axis was crucially implicated in arecoline‐mediated OSF and may be an effective therapeutic strategy for OSF treatment.
Impact of ulcerative colitis on liver‐related outcomes of children with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Sathiaseelan Mohana , Bolia Rishi , Barallon Raychel , Alex George , Hardikar Winita , Rajanayagam Jeremy 
Published: April 2022

AimPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic disorder associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the inflammatory bowel disease phenotype has been characterised in patients with PSC, the impact of UC on the course and progression of PSC‐UC is less clear. We aimed to evaluate the effects of UC on liver‐related outcomes in children with PSC.MethodsRetrospective analysis of children aged ≤18 years diagnosed with PSC with/without UC at a single tertiary paediatric liver unit between January 1998 and May 2016. Patients were followed up until transition to an adult service. Outcomes studied included biliary complications, clinically significant portal hypertension, need for liver transplantation and post‐transplantation recurrence.ResultsFifty‐one children (31 female) were diagnosed with PSC (median age – 11.3 years (interquartile range 7)), follow‐up median duration 54 months (interquartile range 56). Thirty‐seven (73%) patients had concurrent UC, of which 26 had their diagnosis confirmed prior to or within 6 months of PSC diagnosis (early‐onset). PSC complications were more common in children with PSC‐UC compared with PSC alone (24/37 (65%) vs. 2/14 (14%); P = 0.001). Furthermore, children with endoscopically mild or moderate UC at diagnosis showed a greater propensity for liver‐related complications compared with children with severe UC (24/32 vs. 0/5; P = 0.003). Children with late‐onset UC had higher rates of clinically significant portal hypertension (5/11 (45%) vs. 3/26 (12%); P = 0.007) and liver transplantation (5/11(45%) vs. 2/26 (8%); P = 0.02). Children with PSC‐UC had significantly higher rates of pancolitis, rectal sparing and milder colitis than those with UC alone.ConclusionThe presence and a later‐onset of UC are associated with more significant progression to end‐stage liver disease. There is an inverse trend between UC severity and PSC severity in children with concurrent PSC‐UC.
Pathogenicity of six Calonectria species isolated from five soil layers in a Eucalyptus plantation
Authors: Liu LingLing , Chen ShuaiFei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe genus Calonectria includes species that are pathogens of many plants. Calonectria leaf blight is a serious threat to Eucalyptus plantations in China and elsewhere in the world. Some Calonectria recovered from the surface layer (<20 cm) of soils can cause typical leaf blight symptoms on Eucalyptus trees. However, pathogenicity tests of Calonectria species from deeper soil layers have not been conducted. We tested the pathogenicity of 42 isolates of Calonectria aconidialis, C. chinensis, C. hongkongensis, C. ilicicola, C. kyotensis and C. orientalis obtained from 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80 and 80–100 cm soil layers in one Eucalyptus plantation in southern China. All the Calonectria isolates were pathogenic to two Eucalyptus genotypes. For isolates of the same Calonectria species from different soil layers, there was no evidence of correlation between their pathogenicity and soil depth. The pathogenicity of some isolates found in deeper soil layers was stronger than isolates in shallower soil layers. This may increase the challenges of controlling the diseases caused by these fungi. This study performed the first pathogenicity test for C. chinensis, C. kyotensis and C. orientalis on plants, and the first pathogenicity test for C. ilicicola on Eucalyptus. Research results in this study helped to clarify the potential threats of Calonectria species in deeper soil layers posed to Eucalyptus plantations.
Herbicides and their potential to disrupt plant–insect chemical communication
Authors: Ramos Sergio E. , Bakhtiari Moe , Castañeda‐Zárate Miguel , Iriart Veronica , Ashman Tia‐Lynn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEcological interactions between plants and insects are of paramount importance for the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Herbicides have long been considered a threat to plant and insect populations, but global increases in intensive agriculture and availability of herbicide‐resistant crops have intensified concerns about their full impact on biodiversity. Here, we argue that exposure to sublethal herbicide doses has the potential to alter plant–insect interactions as a result of disruptions in their chemical communication. This is because herbicides interfere with biosynthetic pathways and phytohormones involved in the production of several classes of plant volatiles that mediate plant–insect chemical communication. Sublethal herbicide doses can modify the morphological and life‐history plant traits and affect interactions with insects. However, the potential changes in plant volatiles and their consequences for plant–insect chemical communication have not yet received as much attention. We discuss how target‐site (disruptors of primary metabolism) and non‐target‐site (synthetic auxins) herbicides could alter the production of plant volatiles and disrupt plant–insect chemical communication. We suggest research avenues to fill in the current gap in our knowledge that might derive recommendations and applied solutions to minimize herbicides' impacts on plant–insect interactions and biodiversity.
Linking regeneration niche to monodominance in biodiverse tropical forest landscapes
Authors: Figueiredo Pablo Hugo Alves , Sánchez‐Tapia Andrea , de Siqueira Marinez Ferreira , Sansevero Jerônimo Boelsums Barreto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsAlthough monodominance has attracted the attention of ecologists for many decades, few studies have devoted attention to how abiotic factors could influence the occurrence of monodominant forest patches at the biome scale. Here, we assessed whether the occurrence of monodominant forest patches of Moquiniastrum polymorphum (Less.) G. Sancho (Asteraceae), an early‐successional tree species with wind‐dispersed seeds, could be predicted using optimum germination temperature and past deforestation. We also verified under what edaphic and climatic conditions the species could reach monodominance.LocationThe Atlantic Forest, Brazil.MethodsWe estimated optimum germination temperature across the species’ geographic range as a function of annual mean temperature based on the results of germination tests available in the literature. Past deforestation (a proxy for suitable habitat for the species’ dispersal and establishment) around monodominant forest patches was estimated by calculating the forest cover in 1985. We also modeled the upper limit of dominance (relative abundance) as a function of climatic and edaphic variables considered important for the species’ establishment.ResultsThe results showed that the probability of occurrence of monodominant forest patches is statistically null in places where germination can take more than 10 days and the landscape had more than 20% forest cover. Relative density values for the monodominant condition (> 60%) occurred only in warmer regions with infertile soils and median precipitation conditions (ca. 1,075–1,700 mm per year) in the Atlantic Forest.ConclusionWe conclude that only under optimal conditions of germination and dispersal (i.e., regeneration niche) does monodominance occur. This highlights germination traits as an important mechanism for regulating monodominance. In addition, the approach used to predict regions with optimum germination temperature has further implications for understanding species abundance and distribution more generally.
Does larval food availability ultimately select for seasonal reproduction in marine invertebrates with feeding larvae? A field test of Crisp’s Rule with the temperate sea star Pisaster ochraceus
Authors: Basch Lawrence V. , Pearse John S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMost organisms reproduce seasonally, including most species of marine invertebrates that live across wide ranges in habitat, depth and environmental conditions. We asked: What ultimately selects for seasonal reproduction in benthic marine invertebrates with planktotrophic larvae (characteristic of ≥70% of marine invertebrates)? We hypothesized that seasonal variation in food available for the larvae ultimately selects for timing of adult reproduction. Testing this hypothesis requires a whole life cycle perspective and approach. Using a known proximate cue, daylength, we shifted gametogenesis in the laboratory by six months in a seasonally breeding temperate sea star, the Ochre Star Pisaster ochraceus (Brandt 1835). We were then able to induce spawning, fertilize gametes and culture resulting embryos in vitro to produce feeding larvae six months out of phase with natural photoperiod. We field‐reared these out‐of‐season larvae, similarly produced in‐season conspecifics and similar larvae of an aseasonally breeding asteroid, the Bat Star Patiria miniata (Brandt 1835) in mesh‐covered flow‐through containers that were deployed in seasonally contrasting oceanographic conditions reflecting different productivity regimes and larval food availability in spring and fall. Larval development and survival were similar between seasons: for example, planktonic larval duration was 48 d to first metamorphosis in spring vs. 45 d in fall for P. ochraceus. Hence, temporal variation in available phytoplankton may not be an ultimate selection factor acting on these larvae to regulate timing of seasonal reproduction in the adults. Alternatively, in this and other species of marine invertebrates, selection acting on early benthic juveniles or other life stages may determine the timing of adult reproduction.