bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OECD ÜLKELERİNDE COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AYDIN Gizem Zevde 
Published: September 2022

Amaç: OECD ülkelerinin Covid-19 performanslarına ilişkin kantitatif bir değerlendirme sunma hedefi ile yola çıkılmış, belirlenen parametreler doğrultusunda ülkelerin göreceli bir değerlendirmesini sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden ENTROPI, ARAS ve TOPSIS kullanılmıştır. OECD ülkeleri çalışmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. Hollanda, hekim ve hemşire sayılarına ulaşılamadığından, Kosta Rika ise, 25 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde OECD üyesi olduğundan değerlendirme dışı kalmıştır. Çalışma 36 ülke ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen 8 değerlendirme kriteri, Covid-19 pandemisine ilişkin verilerden ve ülkelerin sağlık göstergelerinden oluşmaktadır. Kriterlere ilişkin değerler internet sitelerinden 02.04.2021 tarihinde elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Excel Programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: ENTROPI yöntemiyle kriter önem ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi sonucunda, en az bir doz Covid-19 aşılama oranı (%), 1.000.000 nüfus başına Covid-19 ölüm sayısı, kişi başı cari sağlık harcaması ($), 1.000.000 nüfus başına Covid-19 vaka sayısı ve 1.000 kişiye düşen hastane yatağı sayısı kriterlerinin ilk beş sırada yer aldığı bulunmuştur. ARAS yöntemi sonucunda elde edilen sıralamada ABD, Birleşik Krallık ve İsrail; TOPSIS yöntemi sonucunda elde edilen sıralamada İsrail, Norveç ve Birleşik Krallık üst sıralarda yer almıştır.
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Covid-19 pandemi süreci her ne kadar olumsuz olsa da, sağlık sistemleri ve toplumlar için öğretici olmuş, yetersiz kalan alanlarda iyileştirme yapılması ve yeni stratejiler geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Covid-19 pandemisi sonrası ülkelerin; sağlık sistemlerinde iyileştirmeler yapmaya, bozulan ekonomilerini yeniden inşa etmeye, gelecekte yaşanabilecek olası salgınlara, krizlere ve evrensel çapta değişikliğe neden olabilecek olaylara hazırlanmaya odaklanmaları önerilebilir.
Disorders of sexual development associated with sex chromosomes: an update
Authors: Santamaria-Durán Natalia , Suárez-Obando Fernando , Rojas Adriana Patricia 
Published: September 2022

Descripción: los trastornos del desarrollo sexual (DSD, disorders of sex development) son condiciones congénitas que se caracterizan por la discordancia entre la apariencia externa (masculinidad o feminidad) y la constitución cromosómica o sexo gonadal. Estas manifestaciones están relacionadas con alteraciones a nivel del desarrollo gonadal y del tracto urinario-genital e incluso del sistema reproductivo-endocrino. Dentro de las causas de estas se encuentran las genéticas, las cuales son provocadas por anomalías cromosómicas, en particular de los cromosomas sexuales, o por alteración de genes involucrados con el desarrollo embrionario de los órganos sexuales; como también, anomalías que generen la interrupción de la síntesis de hormonas específicas.

Relevancia: en el grupo de trastornos del desarrollo sexual ligado a alteraciones en el número de cromosomas se encuentran el síndrome de Klinefelter (47,XXY) (SK) y el síndrome de Turner (45,X) (ST). Reportes en la literatura mencionan que las aneuploidias de los cromosomas sexuales impactan directamente en los genes, factores transcripcionales y mecanismos epigenéticos que afectan la expresión génica.

Conclusiones: en la literatura, son escasos los estudios moleculares comparativos entre pacientes con síndrome de Turner (ST) o Klinefelter (SK), siendo estos fundamentales para comprender los procesos génicos que están relacionados con el desarrollo de las patologías de estos pacientes, y así contribuir al mejoramiento del diagnóstico, tratamiento y asesoría médica del paciente con ST ó SK, impactando directamente en la calidad de vida de estos. En este artículo se presenta una revisión bibliográfica actualizada de los trastornos del desarrollo sexual asociados a los cromosomas sexuales, específicamente del ST y SK.
The Striking Level of Gender Inequality in the Nursing Profession: A Cross-sectional study among Nurses and Student Nurses from selected Hospitals and Nurses Training Institutions in the Northern Cities of Uganda.
Authors:   , Lalam Lilly Grace , Nabushawo Florence 
Published: September 2022

Background: The level of gender inequality in this study was established at 78.4% implying that out of 10(ten) nurses, at least 8(eight) have experienced unfair treatment because of their gender as a student or a staff. Both male and female nurses face gender disparity among patients/attendants, colleagues, other health professionals, their community, and even family members. Male nurses have remained the minority in the profession bringing a striking numerical gender inequality in the nursing profession. The objective of this study is to determine factors influencing Gender inequality in the Nursing Profession among nurses and student nurses from selected hospitals and nurses training institutions in the Northern Cities of Uganda. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was used. Quantitative data were obtained from nurses and nursing students in selected study sites in Gulu, Lira, and Arua cities. The raw data was single -entered and analyzed using statistical software version 26 for analysis. Bivariate and univariate analysis methods were used to identify factors associated with gender inequality. Variables with a P-value of <0.05 with a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance. Results: 383 participants were interviewed. The level of gender inequality was established at 78.4%. Among the socio-demographic factors, gender (x 2=10.294, p-0.001), level of education attained (x 2=6.293, p-0.043), marital status (x 2=8.296, p-0.004) were significantly associated to gender inequality in the nursing profession. Conclusion: The prevalence of gender inequality in this study was 78.4%. Men remain the minority in the profession at 26.4%. Recommendations: The study recommends that quick comprehensive combined action is needed from government Ministries, nurses councils; NGOs, and international bodies fighting for gender equality to save the nursing profession from inequality. This action will contribute to the achievement of gender equality for all in all spheres of life.
A Thematic Review of the Models of ICT Integration in Tracking Malaria Drug Administration in Ugandan Health Units.
Authors:   , Kiggundu Ssegawa E James , Kimwise Alone 
Published: September 2022

Background This study aimed at reviewing models propounding thematic linkage to system integration of ICT transaction processes that inform tracking administration of malaria drugs in health units in Uganda. Methods The study engaged structural and thematic review approaches for narrative and meta-synthesis of literature analysis to cite, make comparisons, and contrast including criticisms of directed stimulation of information-oriented integration, process-oriented integration, service-oriented Integration, user-oriented integration, and other success drivers of the need for ICT integrations. Comparisons of models by case analysis qualified a structured proposition of development of the model for tracking the administration of Malaria drugs in health units. Scope Integration review was guided by the Enterprise Application Integration solution model, Model Driven Integration Approach, Technology Transfer of Reference, DeLone & McLean IS Success Model among others, focusing on the stimulation of information, processes service and user-oriented integrations, valid ability, technology context, ease of use, scalability, flexibility, and trainability as success drivers. Findings Studies on integration and IC-enabled development reveal that ICT is widely accepted, and its crucial functions increase efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and competitiveness. Failure of integration of ICT in developing countries has a positive relationship with lack of awareness, management commitment, defined ICT based-roles as tools rather than solutions for organizational transformation, responsiveness to vision and mission goals, systemic methods of implementation, system ownership, and poor policy and planning. Conclusion Integration of Information Communications Technology in health units is a major driver of information, processes, service, and user-oriented transactions for effective service provision and delivery in Uganda. Technology Context has a negative but linear correlation on ease of use (Intension and Actual) of ICTs (B = - 0.087) and negatively influences the same (β= - 0.050). The intention and actual use of Technology Context in tracking drug administration is influenced by the ability of application of the users.
Determinants of Vitamin D deficiency among the adult population - An observational study
Authors: Sajjanar Sanjeev L.  , Naregal Govindanagouda V.  , Sajjanar Deepa S.  
Published: September 2022

Introduction and Aim: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has now become a scourge, and even in sunny areas in India, it is an increasing concern. The present study was prospective in nature and was carried over a period of two years (31st October 2019-1st November 2020) at the wellness clinic in a medical college teaching hospital and research centre and was aimed to inquire the determinants of VDD in the representative sample.

Material and Methods: The serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels of subjects between the ages of 18 and 60 years were recorded along with their pertinent data. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software v.23.0 and Microsoft Office 2007 to analyse the data. The non-parametric “Chi-square” test was applied to test any possible link between VDD and putative determinants.

Results: VDD (25(OH) D levels< 50 nmol/L) was more common in the elderly (51-60 years), with a higher prevalence among females, in rural regions, and during the winter. Even the young and those with a normal BMI, exhibited significant vitamin D deficiency. Statistically significance was espied for age and VDD.

Conclusion: VDD is very much colloquial in this locale, regardless of age, gender, BMI, seasonality, or urban/rural context. The statistics can help treating consultants understand the purview of the pandemic and develop strategy to improve gains in vitamin D levels on a community level.
The low tide of digital transformation
Authors: Волков Д. 
Published: September 2022

Активное внедрение ИИ в повседневную жизнь и связанные с этим процессом проблемы показали — вопросы философии перестают быть отвлеченной теоретической областью, переходя в плоскость практическую.
The active introduction of AI into everyday life and the problems associated with this process have shown that questions of philosophy are no longer an abstract theoretical area, moving into a practical plane.
Summer variability of the atmospheric NO2 :  NO ratio at Dome C on the East Antarctic Plateau
Authors: Barbero Albane , Grilli Roberto , Frey Markus M. , Blouzon Camille , Helmig Detlev , Caillon Nicolas , Savarino Joël 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Previous Antarctic summer campaigns have shown unexpectedly high levels of oxidants in the lower atmosphere of the continental plateau and at coastal regions, with atmospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations up to 4 × 106 cm−3. Such high reactivity in the summer Antarctic boundary layer results in part from the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) produced during photo-denitrification of the snowpack, but its underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood, as some of the chemical species involved (NO2, in particular) have not yet been measured directly and accurately. To overcome this crucial lack of information, newly developed optical instruments based on absorption spectroscopy (incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, IBBCEAS) were deployed for the first time at Dome C (−75.10 lat., 123.33 long., 3233 m a.s.l.) during the 2019–2020 summer campaign to investigate snow–air–radiation interaction. These instruments directly measure NO2 with a detection limit of 30 pptv (parts per trillion by volume or 10−12 mol mol−1) (3σ). We performed two sets of measurements in December 2019 (4 to 9) and January 2020 (16 to 25) to capture the early and late photolytic season, respectively. Late in the season, the daily averaged NO2:NO​​​​​​​ ratio of 0.4 ± 0.4 matches that expected for photochemical equilibrium through Leighton's extended relationship involving ROx (0.6 ± 0.3). In December, however, we observed a daily averaged NO2:NO ratio of 1.3 ± 1.1, which is approximately twice the daily ratio of 0.7 ± 0.4 calculated for the Leighton equilibrium. This suggests that more NO2 is produced from the snowpack early in the photolytic season (4 to 9 December), possibly due to stronger UV irradiance caused by a smaller solar zenith angle near the solstice. Such a high sensitivity of the NO2:NO ratio to the sun's position is of importance for consideration in atmospheric chemistry models.
High-resolution streamflow and weather data (2013–2019) for seven small coastal watersheds in the northeast Pacific coastal temperate rainforest, Canada
Authors: Korver Maartje C. , Haughton Emily , Floyd William C. , Giesbrecht Ian J. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Hydrometeorological observations of small watersheds of the northeast Pacific coastal temperate rainforest (NPCTR) of North America are important to understand land to ocean ecological connections and to provide the scientific basis for regional environmental management decisions. The
Hakai Institute operates a densely networked and long-term hydrometeorological monitoring observatory that fills a spatial data gap in
the remote and sparsely gauged outer coast of the NPCTR. Here we present the first 5 water years (October 2013–October 2019) of high-resolution
streamflow and weather data from seven small (< 13 km2) coastal watersheds. Measuring rainfall and streamflow in remote and topographically complex rainforest environments is challenging; hence, advanced and novel automated measurement methods were used. These methods, specifically for streamflow measurement, allowed us to quantify uncertainty and identify key sources of error, which varied by gauging location. Average yearly rainfall was 3267 mm, resulting in 2317 mm of runoff and 0.1087 km3 of freshwater exports from all seven watersheds per year. However, rainfall and runoff were highly variable, depending on the location and elevation. The seven watersheds have rainfall-dominated (pluvial) streamflow regimes, streamflow responses are rapid, and most water exports are driven by high-intensity fall and winter storm events. The complete hourly and
5 min interval datasets can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.21966/J99C-9C14 (Korver et al., 2021), and accompanying watershed delineations with metrics can be found at https://doi.org/10.21966/1.15311 (Gonzalez Arriola et al., 2015).
Machine learning models to predict myocardial infarctions from past climatic and environmental conditions
Authors: Marien Lennart , Valizadeh Mahyar , zu Castell Wolfgang , Nam Christine , Rechid Diana , Schneider Alexandra , Meisinger Christine , Linseisen Jakob , Wolf Kathrin , Bouwer Laurens M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Myocardial infarctions (MIs) are a major cause of death worldwide, and both high and low temperatures (i.e. heat and cold) may increase the risk of MI. The relationship between health impacts and climate is complex and influenced by a multitude of climatic, environmental, socio-demographic and behavioural factors. Here, we present a machine learning (ML) approach for predicting MI events based on multiple environmental and demographic variables. We derived data on MI events from the KORA MI registry dataset for Augsburg, Germany, between 1998 and 2015. Multivariable predictors include weather and climate, air pollution (PM10, NO, NO2, SO2 and O3), surrounding vegetation and demographic data. We tested the following ML regression algorithms: decision tree, random forest, multi-layer perceptron, gradient boosting and ridge regression. The models are able to predict the total annual number of MIs reasonably well (adjusted R2=0.62–0.71). Inter-annual variations and long-term trends are captured. Across models the most important predictors are air pollution and daily temperatures. Variables not related to environmental conditions, such as demographics need to be considered as well. This ML approach provides a promising basis to model future MI under changing environmental conditions, as projected by scenarios for climate and other environmental changes.
Factors Affecting Electronic Word of Mouth and Leading towards Purchasing Decision in the Smartphone Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Khurshid Muzammil , Abdullah Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Haris 
Published: September 2022

The study looks into the factors that influence electronic word of mouth, leading to goods and services purchases. By reviewing the reviews of other reviewers on the internet, this study attempts to determine which factors impact an individual's purchasing decision because most internet users consult reviews before purchasing things; both the quality and quantity of reviews matter for that specific brand. In this study, four independent variables (information quality, website trustworthiness, social ties, and number of reviews) each impact electronic word of mouth, which leads to client purchasing decisions. For this study, two hundred and sixty-one university students were used as samples. A basic random sampling approach is used because the data is collected solely from university students. Out of the four variables studied, only two (website credibility and number of reviews) have a meaningful relationship with the purchasing decision. The findings imply that electronic word of mouth generated on a reputable website positively impacts purchasing decisions. In addition, many reviews persuaded students who were considering online consultation to make a purchase. The other two components (information quality and social ties) have a minor impact on purchasing decisions. This research provides a comprehensive picture of the factors that consumers believe are critical in making a purchasing decision. As a result, our study aids managers in developing strategies for the Pakistani market.
Keywords: Purchasing Decision, Electronic Word of Mouth, Website Credibility, Information Quality, Social Tie.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Employees’ Performance (EP): A Mediating Role of Organization Commitment (OC) in the Multinationals Companies (MNCs) of Pakistan
Authors: Sagheer Omer , Umer Muhammad , Aslam Sehrish 
Published: September 2022

CSR appears to affect employee attitudes and behaviors, according to previous studies. However, actual evidence is scarce, especially in developing economies like Pakistan. As a result, the purpose of this research is to enrich the present literature on corporate social responsibility by analyzing the influence of CSR on employee performance by employing social identity theory. In addition, the role of Organization Commitment (OC) has been investigated in the current study. To conduct the study, the data were collected from employees of the six Multinationals Companies (MNCs) of Pakistan which are: “Jazz, Careem, Attock Refinery Limited, Berger Paints Pakistan, and McDonald's, Pakistan”. The findings of the study show that corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a major effect on employee performance and commitment. The results also show that OC mediates the link between CSR and employee performance to some degree. In addition, it helps in the administration of organizations by promoting employee commitment through corporate social responsibility activities. Additionally, the organization's reputation can be enhanced as a result of improved employee performance and increased corporate social responsibility.
Keywords: Organizational Commitment (OC), Employee Performance, Multinationals Companies (MNCs), Pakistan, and The Social Identity Theory
Humor gráfico y negacionismo científico: un estudio comparado de las viñetas sobre el cambio climático y la COVID-19 en los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: Moreno-Tarín Sara , Pina Desfilis Tatiana , Domínguez Romero Martí 
Published: September 2022

La humanidad atraviesa una crisis sin precedentes derivada del cambio climático (CC) y recientemente se ha visto sumida en otra más inminente relacionada con la COVID-19. En este estudio se realiza un análisis multimodal del contenido de 1110 viñetas centradas en el CC y la COVID-19 de los principales viñetistas conservadores estadounidenses. Los resultados de este estudio revelan que si bien los viñetistas esgrimen argumentos científicamente refutados para negar que se está produciendo una variación en algunos de los indicadores climáticos globales, muestran un escepticismo sutil y menos frecuente cuando representan la temática de la COVID-19. En ambos casos, este escepticismo está enfocado a retroalimentar un clima de desconfianza y crispación general que parece apoyarse en los movimientos negacionistas de la ciencia.
THE UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL’S 2017 REPORT ON FINANCIALIZATION OF HOUSING
Authors: Ninepence Albert Mcbell 
Published: September 2022

Financialization of housing has attracted plenitude of divergent reviews and discussions on the subject matter. The term financialization of housing has been associated with reduced housing affordability in recent debates. Irrespective of financialization of housing cementing a springboard to augment growth of the financial and housing markets, enhanced employments and deepened international trade and relations, it has also created its own setbacks. The financialization of housing has been reviewed to trigger excessive demerits of capital gains exceptions, rent seeking and disregard to upholding and defense of human rights tenets, provisions and conventions. In support of these demerits, the United Nations Human Rights Council’s 2017 report on the financialization of housing underscore financialization of housing creating an overall negative impact. The UN reports posits that the finacialization of housing is now a means to secure and accumulate wealth. Housing is now dehumanized and sold as a commodity on global markets and hence has lost its currency as a universal human right. The copious reviews and contention on the financialization of housing warrants further inquiry into the compendious scholarship. This paper therefore examined and argued in favour of the UN standpoints though making counter perspectives on the discourse of financialization of housing.
THE EFFECT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT ON THE POTENTIAL USE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS
Authors: Vajriyati Suci , Basuki Luthfi Wahyu , Lessy Ayu Kartika , Anieda Kinara Inkan , Kuswoyo Laila Chumairoh , Meristiana Meysita 
Published: September 2022

This research aims to analyze the potential use of nuclear weapons in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in 2022. Based on a literature study, google trend analysis, and media review approach, there are four findings from this study. First, the goal of Ukraine joining NATO is to increase military strength and to obtain support as well as security guarantees from alliance countries is considered. As a result, Russia responded by increasing its military capability to invade Ukraine to maintain its national security. This situation represents the concept of the security dilemma. Second, the threat of the use of nuclear weapons by Russia as a deterrence strategy against NATO intervention. This intentions have yielded little results, because NATO continues to provide military support to Ukraine. Third, NATO’s weapons assistance to Ukraine has disrupted the balance of power in the international system. The increase in Russian military weapons and nuclear threats as the implementation of the power struggle aims to prevent the NATO alliance from becoming stronger which threatens Russia's national interests. Finally, the media trend analysis indicates that the potential use of nuclear weapons for war is still relatively small and become weaken.