bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A maturity model for the effective digital transformation of laboratories
Authors: Kammerlohr Valentin , Paradice David , Uckelmann Dieter 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis paper presents a maturity model for digital transformation effectiveness in laboratories (labs) with education and research purposes.Design/methodology/approachThe model was developed using design science research methodology, expert interviews and case studies.FindingsThe model fulfills three practical goals: (1) to establish comparability of the effectiveness of the digital transformation of labs, (2) to provide lab operators from academia and industry with a guide for (further) transformation and (3) to build initial trust among lab users. In addition, the maturity model contributes to the literature on digital lab transformation by capturing, describing, structuring and evaluating relevant dimensions, items and levels. Model strengths and weaknesses, areas for improvement, international applicability and practical and reusable recommendations are presented as well as the added value in assessing lab functionalities and lab sustainability.Practical implicationsAlthough originally developed as a maturity model driven by lab education, the model is also suitable for the transformation of research labs in manufacturing technology management. Digital labs can efficiently support industry training and research and development activities as well as simulate the development of new processes prior to their implementation.Originality/valueEspecially for these use cases, the authors see application potentials for the use of online labs from an organizational perspective and from the perspective of stakeholders such as industry users and operators with a manufacturing background, who use and develop transformed labs for teaching and research.
Lessons from COVID-19 for the future: destination crisis management, tourist behaviour and tourism industry trends
Authors: Aldao Carolina , Blasco Dani , Poch Espallargas Manel 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis research aims at arriving at a broad scope of the lessons learnt after two years of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak by analysing the catalyst and inhibiting factors within three aspects of the tourism sector: destination crisis management, tourist behaviour and tourism industry trends.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of this paper involves semi-structured interviews with high-ranking European travel agents as the agents represent the intermediates between the tourism offer and demand.FindingsData obtained from travel agents disclosed the factors that catalysed and inhibited the destination, the behaviour of tourists and the tourism industry trends. By contrasting data with previous literature, constructing an overview of the positive and negative outcomes of the pandemic in the tourism sector is possible.Practical implicationsGovernments, destination marketing and management organisations and tourism and hospitality organisations could learn from the lessons of COVID-19 outbreak to cope better with future disruptive events affecting the tourism industry.Originality/valueThe paper is novel as it is the first overview that attempts to synthesise the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in the tourism sector by analysing tourism sector's three dimensions: the destination, the tourists and the industry.
Adaptive step-size numerical vibration correlation technique for buckling prediction of thin-walled shells under axial compression and thermal loads
Authors: Huang Lei , Xia Qiushi , Gao Tianhe , Wang Bo , Tian Kuo 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a numerical prediction method of buckling loads for shell structures under axial compression and thermal loads based on vibration correlation technique (VCT).Design/methodology/approachVCT is a non-destructive test method, and the numerical realization of its experimental process can become a promising buckling load prediction method, namely numerical VCT (NVCT). First, the derivation of the VCT formula for thin-walled structures under combined axial compression and thermal loads is presented. Then, on the basis of typical NVCT, an adaptive step-size NVCT (AS-NVCT) calculation scheme based on an adaptive increment control strategy is proposed. Finally, according to the independence of repeated frequency analysis, a concurrent computing framework of AS-NVCT is established to improve efficiency.FindingsFour analytical examples and one optimization example for imperfect conical-cylindrical shells are carried out. The buckling prediction results for AS-NVCT agree well with the test results, and the efficiency is significantly higher than that of typical numerical buckling methods.Originality/valueThe derivation of the VCT formula for thin-walled shells provides a theoretical basis for NVCT. The adaptive incremental control strategy realizes the adaptive adjustment of the loading step size and the maximum applied load of NVCT with Python script, thus establishing AS-NVCT.
Factors associated with job commitment among Chinese police cadets: a longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Xinting , Zhao Jihong , Qu Jia 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore factors correlated with police cadets' perceived commitment to the police profession – whether or not personal attitudes and demographic characteristics can make a difference.Design/methodology/approachThe study used two-year longitudinal data collected from a population of 207 Chinese police cadets. Survey research based on pre-designed instruments was employed to collect the data.FindingsThe results from panel data analysis found that personal interest in adolescence and attitudes toward styles of policing were significant predictors. Specifically, attitudes toward community policing were positively related to the cadets' commitment to the police profession.Originality/valuePolice occupational commitment is essential since the commitment is closely linked to voluntary retention and organizational effectiveness. However, limited empirical research has been available regarding the factors associated with officers' identification and commitment to the occupation. This study provides insight into police officer training and recruitment and offers suggestions for future research.
Full of energy – The relationship between supervisor developmental feedback and task performance: a conservation of resources perspective
Authors: Li Zhongqiu , Ma Chao , Zhang Xue , Guo Qiming 
Published: July 2022

PurposeMeaningful feedback at work signals effective performance management. Drawing on a new perspective of the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper aims to examine the mediating effect of relational energy in the relationship between supervisor developmental feedback and subordinates' task performance with the moderating role of learning demands.Design/methodology/approachData from 230 supervisor-subordinate dyads were collected at two time points of four enterprises in China.FindingsThe results support the proposed mediation effect that supervisor developmental feedback positively predicts subordinates' task performance via boosting subordinates' relational energy. Furthermore, the results highlighted the moderating role of learning demands in the relationship between supervisor developmental feedback and subordinates' relational energy. The moderated–mediated relationship for subordinates' task performance was also supported.Originality/valueDrawing on COR theory, this paper contributes to a complete understanding of how supervisor developmental feedback may support or build employees' relational energy, facilitating task performance and further exploring learning demands as a boundary condition of this indirect relationship.
Evaluation of officer and service performance pertaining to patient's family satisfaction in the ICU RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Taslim Emilzon , Afrizal Afrizal , Maskoen Tinni Trihartini , Yusuf Yusirwan 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Patient and family satisfaction is very important for improving the quality of health services, especially in hospitals. This study aims to evaluate the performance of officers and services and their effects on the satisfaction of patients in intensive care unit (ICU) at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 80 respondents was obtained using a random sampling technique (simple random). Data were collected using a questionnaire, and the analysis used was univariate.

Findings
The results showed that the evaluation of staff and service performance on ICU patient satisfaction considered from the aspects of the ease of service procedures, service requirements, clarity of serving officers, officer discipline, officer responsibilities, ability of officers to provide services, speed of service, fairness in getting services, courtesy and friendliness of officers in providing services, reasonableness of costs, clarity of cost details, accuracy of implementation of the service time schedule, comfort in the service room environment and security of services in the ICU room in 2020 was rather good.

Originality/value
This study indicates that the evaluation of the performance of officers and services on ICU patient satisfaction was good and satisfying for patients’ families.
Design and analysis of modular moving magnet linear oscillating actuator for compressor in refrigeration system
Authors: Khan Mehtab , Khan Adnan Daud , Jawad Muhammad , Ahmad Zahoor , Rehman Naveed Ur , Israr Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigates a novel design of a modular moving magnet linear oscillating actuator (MMM-LOA) with the capability of coupling modules, based on their application and space requirements.

Design/methodology/approach
Proposed design comprised of modules, and modules are separated by using nonmagnetic materials. Movable part of the proposed design of LOA is composed of permanent magnets (PMs) having axial magnetization direction and tubular structure. Stator of the proposed design is composed of one coil individually in a module. Dimensions of the design parameters are optimized through parametric analysis using COMSOL Multi Physics software. This design is analyzed up to three modules and their response in term of electromagnetic (EM) force and stroke are presented. Influence of adding modules is analyzed for both directions of direct current (DC) and alternating input loadings.

Findings
Proposed LOA shows linear increase in magnitude of EM force by adding modules. Motor constant of the investigated LOA is 264 N/A and EM force per PM mass is 452.389 N/kg, that shows significant improvement. Moreover, proposed LOA operates in feasible region of stroke for compressor application. Furthermore, this design uses axially magnetized PMs which are low cost and available in compact tubular structure.

Originality/value
Proposed LOA shows the influence of adding modules and its effect in term of EM force is analyzed for DC and alternating current (AC). Moreover, overall performance and structural topology is compared with state-of-the-art designs of LOA. Improvement with regard of motor constant and EM force per PM mass shows originality and scope of this paper.
Protecting biodiversity to support ecosystem services: An analysis of trade‐offs and synergies in southwestern China
Authors: Lin Ziyan , Wu Tong , Xiao Yi , Rao Enming , Shi Xuewei , Ouyang Zhiyun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Biodiversity plays a key role in supporting ecosystem services. Understanding this relationship sheds light on the linkages between ecological structure and functioning, thereby increasing the capacity for effective strategies of ecosystem conservation and restoration.

Focusing on southwestern China, a global biodiversity hotspot, we evaluated the spatial correlations between biodiversity and four regulating services and one cultural service. We calculated critical points of change in the relationship between biodiversity and each of these ecosystem services and categorized the region into ‘threshold’, ‘sensitive’, ‘saturation’, ‘recession’ and ‘low‐value’ areas.

The results show that the spatial correlation between biodiversity and regulating services was mainly positive in the Nujiang River and Lancang River basins and the Dayao Mountains, while biodiversity was negatively correlated with provisioning and cultural services in the Qionglai and Hengduan Mountains. The slope value of the curve fitted for the biodiversity–ecosystem service relationships was approximately 1 when species richness was approximately 50; the corresponding areas were termed threshold areas and were pivotal zones of change in the biodiversity–ecosystem service relationships. These areas were mainly distributed in the Qionglai Mountains, Hengduan Mountains and Nujiang River Basin, and should be prioritized for monitoring and biodiversity protection.

Synthesis and applications: Our findings can help improve understanding of the spatially complex interactions between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services, as well as identifying areas that should be prioritized for protection and restoration; they also contribute towards a scientific framework for integrated management and policy in general.
Parallel local adaptation to an alpine environment in Arabidopsis arenosa
Authors: Wos Guillaume , Arc Erwann , Hülber Karl , Konečná Veronika , Knotek Adam , Požárová Doubravka , Bertel Clara , Kaplenig Dominik , Mandáková Terezie , Neuner Gilbert , Schönswetter Peter , Kranner Ilse , Kolář Filip 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Parallel local adaptation, that is, when distinct genetic lineages independently adapt to the same selective environment, provides strong evidence for the action of natural selection. A few cases of parallel local adaptation were reported in plants but underlying mechanisms promoting or preventing the parallel response, such as the balance between migration and selection, were rarely quantified. Here, we conducted a transplant experiment to test whether distinct foothill–alpine population pairs of Arabidopsis arenosa exhibited similar adaptive responses to a contrasting alpine environment. We further investigated selection and migration patterns in these populations.

Seedlings of 16 foothill and alpine populations of A. arenosa from four distinct mountain regions (one occupied by diploid and three by tetraploid populations) were transplanted into one low‐ and one high‐elevation site. We recorded fitness proxies over two growing seasons to test whether the elevation‐of‐origin advantage was manifested in the same way across the four regions of origin. Then, we quantified the strength of selection on the traits at each transplantation site and used coalescent simulations to estimate past gene flow intensity between each pair of foothill and alpine populations in each region.

We demonstrated that the four pairs of populations exhibited similar adaptive responses to elevation difference in terms of survival, number of flowering plants, stem height and accumulation of above‐ground dry biomass; the other traits (rosette size, number of leaves, stems and flowers) exhibited rather regional‐specific patterns. In addition, we found minor effects of ploidy level on the fitness proxies recorded. Our selection and migration analysis revealed that parallel local adaptation was probably achieved by differential selective pressure at low versus high elevation in combination with lack or limited gene flow between foothill and alpine populations.

Synthesis. We show that the previously documented strong morphological and genetic distinctness of alpine A. arenosa compared to their foothill counterparts, which has been hypothesized to be driven by natural selection, is indeed mirrored in fitness differences consistent with parallel local adaptation. Our results provide experimental support for the repeatability of adaptive evolution and highlight the prominent role of divergent selection.
Climate and mycorrhizae mediate the relationship of tree species diversity and carbon stocks in subtropical forests
Authors: Yan Guoyong , Bongers Franca J. , Trogisch Stefan , Li Yin , Chen Guoke , Yan Haoru , Deng Xianglu , Ma Keping , Liu Xiaojuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

It is increasingly being recognized that tree species diversity has positive effects on forest ecosystem carbon (C) stock. However, at broad spatial scales, this relationship may depend on climate conditions and species mycorrhizal associations.

Here, observations from 667 forest plots in subtropical China were used to investigate the effects of species diversity, mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual temperature (MAT) and mycorrhizal type (arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal) on the forest C stock and its components (tree C stock, shrub layer C stock, herb layer C stock, litter layer C stock, root C stock and soil C stock).

We found positive effect of tree species diversity on total forest C stock. MAP had positive effects on total forest C stock and its components, while MAT had consistently negative effects on total forest C stock and most of its components. Different levels of MAP and MAT did modulate the strength of effect of species diversity on forest C stock and its components. In addition, species diversity, MAT and MAP showed a significant positive relationship with arbuscular mycorrhiza‐associated tree C stock but had no or negative relationship with ectomycorrhiza‐associated tree C stock.

Synthesis. Our results indicate that maintaining high level of species diversity may support the buffering of negative effects resulting from climate warming. Furthermore, under climate warming the specific C stock of AM trees can increase, which can potentially promote forest C stock. Taken together, our study suggests that afforestation policies should consider not only tree species diversity to increase forest C stock but also the effects of different tree mycorrhizal types.
Environmental DNA methods for detecting two invasive alien species (American bullfrog and red swamp crayfish) in Japanese ponds
Authors: Ogata Shigeki , Doi Hideyuki , Igawa Takeshi , Komaki Shohei , Takahara Teruhiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpecies invasion in conventional ecosystems is an impedance to ecosystem management. The extensive invasion of American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeiana) and red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is seriously harmful to aquatic systems worldwide, including Japan. In recent years, the methods involving environmental DNA (eDNA) have significantly contributed to the detection of invasive alien species. These methods for the above two species had already been developed in previous studies overseas, but could be unsuitable for detection of the species in Japan due to matching of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers with the sequence of the co‐existing species. The present study developed two eDNA detection methods for L. catesbeiana and P. clarkii in Japanese habitats. The eDNA of both invasive alien species was detected in all ponds where they had been captured and observed. A positive relationship was elucidated between the traditional survey (i.e., frog male calling detection or direct catch) and the presence or concentration of eDNA. The eDNA method applied in this study could be useful for monitoring the distribution of L. catesbeiana and P. clarkii in Japan.
When Does Competitive Learning Occur? The Impact of Alliance Network Embeddedness on Technological Invasion
Authors: Tang Liqing , Wang Tienan , Fan Qianqian , Liu Linlin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFirms participate in an alliance network to collaborate for specific goals and common values; however, the network situation and the interaction between partnering firms enable them to appropriate their partners’ proprietary knowledge and adopt competitive actions. Little is known about whether and when the focal firm would invade its partner's technological domains in alliance networks. We examined how relational embeddedness and positional embeddedness influence the focal firm's technological invasion behaviour against its partner, and the moderating role of relative alliance experience. Although previous studies have emphasized that a central position would enhance firms’ competitive aggression, we argue that this central position imposes more constraints on firms’ competitive behaviour. The empirical results show a U‐shaped relationship between relational embeddedness and technological invasion, while relative centrality negatively affects technological invasion behaviour and negatively moderates the U‐shaped relationship. Furthermore, the results indicate that relative alliance experience attenuates the U‐shaped relationship between relational embeddedness and technological invasion, while it enhances the negative effect of relative centrality on technological invasion. These findings provide new insights and perspectives to study the coopetition phenomenon in alliance networks.
Global prevalence of prediabetes in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Han Chengyi , Song Qing , Ren Yongcheng , Chen Xinyu , Jiang Xuesong , Hu Dongsheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrediabetes is a pivotal risk factor for developing diabetes. This meta‐analysis was performed to assess the global prevalence of childhood prediabetes.MethodsA systematic search was conducted for studies of prediabetes prevalence in the general pediatric population from inception until December 2021. Random‐effects meta‐analysis was used to combine the data. Variations in the prevalence estimates in different subgroups (age group, sex, setting, investigation period, body mass index [BMI] group, family history of diabetes, diagnosis criteria, World Health Organization [WHO] and World Bank [WB] regions) were examined by subgroup meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 48 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled prevalence was 8.84% (95% CI, 6.74%‐10.95%) for prediabetes in childhood. Subgroup meta‐analyses showed that the prevalence was higher in males than females (8.98% vs 8.74%, P < .01), in older compared to younger children (7.56% vs. 2.51%, p < 0.01), in urban compared to rural areas (6.78% vs. 2.47, p < 0.01), and higher in children with a family history of diabetes than in those without such a history (7.59% vs. 6.80%, p < 0.01). We observed an upward trend in prediabetes prevalence from 0.93% to 10.66% over past decades (p < 0.01). The pooled prevalence increased from 7.64% to 14.27% with increased BMI (p < 0.01). Pooled prevalence was the lowest for criterion A among different diagnosis criteria (p < 0.01). For WHO and WB regions, the European Region and high‐income countries yielded the lowest pooled prevalence (p < 0.01).ConclusionsElevated prediabetes prevalence in childhood reaches an alarming level. Intensive lifestyle modification is needed to improve the prediabetes epidemic.