bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperinsulinaemia in pregnancy and gestational outcomes: A case series
Authors: North Sylvia M. , Crofts Catherine , Zinn Caryn 
Published: July 2022

Background: Pathological insulin resistance in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus and pre-eclampsia. Individuals with pathological insulin resistance also exhibit hyperinsulinaemia. Currently, there are no diagnostic criteria for pathological hyperinsulinaemia in pregnancy that may be used to indicate risk of adverse outcomes.Aim: This case series aimed to explore the relationship between first trimester insulin response patterns and gestational outcomes.Setting: Auckland, New Zealand.Methods: Participants included four pregnant women with prepregnancy body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 and aged 25–35 years. Glucose and insulin response patterns were examined following a 120 min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 12–15 weeks of gestation using a modified Kraft methodology. Outcomes assessed at 25 and 35 weeks of gestation included gestational weight gain (GWG), blood pressure, fasting capillary blood glucose and foetal growth. Lifestyle and medical information were collected at each trimester. After delivery, total GWG, infant size, delivery method and clinical outcomes were recorded.Results: Kraft pattern IIB hyperinsulinaemia was identified in two cases. Amongst them, Case #1 experienced excessive GWG, induction of labour and surgically assisted delivery. Case #4 delivered by emergency caesarean, and the neonate required intensive care admission for 17 h. No cases developed hyperglycaemia or hypertension. Infant weights were between 3.75 kg and 3.86 kg.Conclusion: Dynamic insulin assay provides a promising template to assess metabolic risk in the first trimester of pregnancy. Diagnosing hyperinsulinaemia early in pregnancy means that lifestyle-based initiatives could be introduced earlier to mitigate excess GWG and potential adverse outcomes.
Position paper on undergraduate Palliative Medicine education for doctors in South Africa
Authors: Burger Henriette , Krause Rene , Blanchard Charmaine , Ambler Julia , Ganca Linda , Barnard Alan , Meiring Michelle , Ratshikana-Moloko Mpho , Brits Hanneke , Brand Tracey , Scott Mitchell , Mabuza Langalibalele , Bac Martin , Zele-Mqonci Nozuko , Yogeswaran Parimalaranie , Gwyther Liz 
Published: July 2022

Background: Basic palliative care teaching should be included in training curricula for health care providers (HCPs) at all levels of the health service to ensure that the goal set by the South African (SA) National Policy Framework and Strategy for Palliative Care, to have an adequate number of appropriately trained HCPs in South Africa, is achieved. Furthermore, palliative learning objectives for nurses and doctors should be standardised. Many SA medical schools have integrated elements of Palliative Medicine (PM) teaching into undergraduate medical training programmes for doctors; however, the degree of integration varies widely, and consensus and standardisation of the content, structure and delivery of such PM training programmes are not yet a reality.Aim: This joint position paper aims to describe the current state of undergraduate medical PM teaching in South Africa and define the PM competencies required for an SA generalist doctor.Setting: Palliative Medicine programme leads and teachers from eight medical schools in South Africa.Methods: A survey exploring the structure, organisation and content of the respective medical undergraduate PM programmes was distributed to PM programme leads and teachers.Results: Responses were received from seven medical schools. Through a process of iterative review, competencies were defined and further grouped according to suitability for the pre-clinical and clinical components of the curriculum.Conclusion: Through mapping out these competencies in a spiralled medical curriculum, the authors hope to provide guidance to medical curriculum designers to effectively integrate PM teaching and learning into current curricula in line with the goals of the SA National Policy Framework and Strategy on Palliative Care (NPFSPC).
The University of Cape Town’s paediatric cancer database: Results from the first years (2019–2021)
Authors: Davidson Alan , Moodley Jennifer , Pillay Komala , Hendricks Marc , Stewart Annemie , Parkes Jeannette 
Published: July 2022

Background: The paediatric oncology multidisciplinary team at the University of Cape Town (UCT) developed a research-ready data set.Aim: This study aimed to describe the early results detailing the epidemiological profile of childhood cancer patients and evaluated factors associated with presentation and outcome.Setting: The UCT paediatric oncology platform at the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) and Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH).Methods: A REDCap database was developed with a Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) grant. A database administrator consented all new patients and recorded demographic and social information.Results: There were 212 children consented from 2019 to 2021: 109 girls and 103 boys. The age range was from 1 day to 15.98 years, with a median of 5.18 years. Only 32 (15%) of these families had medical insurance, 34 (16%) lived in informal housing and 25 (12%) did not have access to piped water. Seventy-four families (35%) reported a relative with cancer, including seven first degree relatives. With a median follow-up of 12.4 months, the estimated 2-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was 77% and 72%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly different (p = 0.013) by disease group, varying from 100% for Wilms tumour and germ cell tumours to 52% for rhabdomyosarcoma. Most patients with solid tumours (72%) had advanced disease at diagnosis. Outcomes were poorer for children living in informal housing and without piped water.Conclusion: A real-time database can provide a research-ready data set for interrogating cohort-specific factors impacting childhood cancer outcomes.
Relevance of Geographical and Biochemical Factors in Causation of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: Prabhu Varsha A. , Gorthi Sankar Prasad , Nilima  , Rao Sai Sripad , Nair Radhika , Thambi Magith , Naik Ashwini 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
There is a higher prevalence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in more recent times, owing to increased awareness, clinical diagnostic skills, and advancements in neuroimaging modalities. This study aimed to identify and characterize the geographical, clinical, and etiological profiles of patients with CVST that may be relevant to planning appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve functional recovery.

Methods and Results:
A retrospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital between March 2014 and October 2018. The demographics and clinical profile of the hospitalized patients were extracted from the Medical Record Division. Choropleth maps were created to present the geographic distribution of the patients with CVST admitted to our hospital. A total of 145 patients with CVST were included in the study. Etiological factors revealed striking abnormalities in red blood cells counts and serum homocysteine. Analyzing the geographical distribution of the patients with CVST showed most of the patients hailed from Central Karnataka Plateau 106 (73%). Polycythemia was most commonly seen in patients residing in the Central Karnataka Plateau 21 (62%).

Conclusion:
It is inferred that large scale community-based studies to identify a genetic abnormality like a mutant erythropoietin gene should be undertaken to plan effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures.
Diabetic Amyotrophy (Bruns-Garland Syndrome)
Authors: Agarwal Ayush , Srivastava M.V. Padma , Vishnu Venugopalan Y. 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:
Bruns-Garland syndrome (BGS) continues to be a contentious topic even 100 years after its discovery. Its lifelong incidence is 1% amongst diabetic individuals and affects middle aged-elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (usually not poorly controlled).

Methods:
The data presented in this review was collated from studies published on PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar in October 2021. The search words included: “Bruns-Garland syndrome”, “diabetic amyotrophy” and “diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy” and “proximal diabetic neuropathy”.

Results:
The exact pathophysiology is debatable but an ischemic pathology (non-systemic microvasculitis) is most plausible. Its cardinal symptoms include acute onset of severe proximal lower extremity pain followed by weakness and wasting, some sensory loss, weight loss and autonomic symptoms.

Conclusion:
The prognosis is good as most patients improve to near- normal strength with pain cessation within 18 months of onset.
Study of computerized cognitive training technique for treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Abdeldaym Hussien H. , Zaki Nehad M. , Anwar Shimaa A.M. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood that can profoundly affect the academic achievement, well-being, and social interactions of children. Different treatment modalities are used for the management of ADHD.

Aim
To determine the value of computerized cognitive training (CCT) programs in improving cognitive functions and core symptoms in ADHD children

Patients and methods
In this study, 60 school-aged children with ADHD were included for the purpose of establishing the effect of cognitive training sessions on the core symptoms of ADHD. Patients’ data were collected as follows: the age and sex of the patients, residence, parental consanguinity, family history, prenatal/perinatal history and data of general examination, and psychometric studies: ‘The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (DSM-V),’ ‘Conner’s Parent Rating Scale CPRS-93’ revised for assessment of the ADHD and associated comorbid disorders, and The Arabic version of ‘Stanford Binet intelligence test – 5th edition’ for assessment of intelligence quotient.

Results
A total number of 60 cases with ADHD who attended the Outpatient ADHD Clinic at AUCH were enrolled in the study. Among these, 66% were males, and the age variation was between 6 and 12 years among the three studied groups. All the children had an average intelligent quotient (IQ) more than or equal to 80. The mean intelligent quotient for the 60 studied children was 92.85±11.33. Pre-CCT assessment showed that there was no significant difference according to attention, concentration, hyperactivity, impulsivity, memory, and self-confidence between ADHD children of the three studied groups. There was significant improvement in comparison between the pre-CCT and post-CCT assessment among the three studied groups in regard to the core symptoms of ADHD, including attention and concentration (duration of attention and concentration, order of thinking, and learning from mistakes), hyperactivity (movement within chair, talking, and flight of ideas), topological memory (method of memorizing, recall), and reaction behavior (impulsivity and confidence).

Conclusion
From the present study, it was concluded that CCT training sessions are effective in improvement of ADHD core symptoms, including inattention hyperactivity, impulsivity, and memory deficits either with or without medical therapy. It results in improvement of confidence, duration and order of thinking, learning from mistakes, excessive movement, flight of ideas, and recall.
Trust but verify
Authors: Menon Vikas , Varadharajan Natarajan , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Ameen Shahul 
Published: July 2022

Background:
No analysis of redundant or duplicate publications, deemed unethical and unscientific, has been undertaken in psychiatric literature.

Aim:
To analyze the proportion and patterns of redundant publications associated with index articles published in two major Indian psychiatry journals.

Methods:
Index articles were original papers published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry and the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine between 2015 and 2017. Using a systematic search strategy that combined author names and article keywords, we combed the literature to identify and characterize redundant publications related to these index articles. Redundant publications were classified into one of the following categories using a priori definitions: dual, suspected dual, salami slicing, meat extender, and extended sample publication.

Results:
From 324 index articles screened, a total of 27 articles (8.4%) were identified to have 32 associated redundant publications of the following types: dual (n = 3), suspected dual (n = 2), salami slicing (n = 22), meat extender (n = 3), and extended sample publication (n = 2). A majority of the redundant articles (n = 23, 71.9%) failed to clearly cross-reference the prior publication(s). We also identified nine non-redundant but related publications with no proper cross-referencing in five of them.

Conclusion:
Redundant publications are a common practice in the psychiatry journals screened. Salami slicing is the most common form of redundancy, with no proper cross-referencing in most cases. Concerted efforts are needed to detect and deal with this concerning practice that undermines both science and ethics.
Epidemiological risk factors of suicidal behavior and effects of the components of coping strategies on suicidal behavior in medical students
Authors: Garg Sunny , Chauhan Alka , Singh Sanjeet , Bansal Kirti 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Suicidal behavior in medical students can be triggered by mental stresses and adoption of poor coping strategies, and might have a negative impact on their quality of life.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal behavior, and effects of the components of coping strategies on suicidal behavior among medical students.

Methods:
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 531 medical students for a period of two months from February to March 2021. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale was used to measure suicidal behavior. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the Brief-COPE Inventory to classify the coping components. Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression were used to determine the risk factors and their association with suicidal behavior.

Results:
A total of 104 respondents (19.6%) had reported an SBQ-R cutoff score of ≥7 and had suicidal behavior. The rate of lifetime suicidal ideation, plan and attempt was 20.3%, 10.3% and 2.3%, respectively, among medical students with one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation at 33%. The mean age of the participants was 21.26 years (standard deviation (SD) = 1.99). The identified risk factors significantly associated with higher suicidal behavior were depression (OR = 9.6), dissatisfaction with academic performances (OR = 4.9) and coping with mental disengagement (OR = 4.6), while coping with supportive strategies (OR = 0.57) was investigated as a preventive factor for the suicidal behavior.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of suicidal behavior is found to be highly alarming, revealing that depression and poor coping strategies are risk factors among medical students. The analysis recommends that quantification of the problems, treatment at an early stage and proactive student counselling to help them embrace the appropriate coping strategies should be the first steps in prevention of suicidal behavior.
Effect of an online mindfulness program on stress in Indian adults during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pal Anirban , Mukhopadhyay Purnava , Datta Soma , Pal Nidhi Dawar 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The Indian population is suffering from a high prevalence of mental stress and the situation has been worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness, which can also be conducted online, has been used as a stress-relieving therapy in the Western world. There is not much experience with mindfulness in the Indian population. The COVID-19 pandemic demands the development of alternative therapies which can reach out to the masses at a minimal cost, avoiding direct personal contact. The researchers wanted to explore the potential of mindfulness as a stress-relieving therapy.

Aim:
To note any improvement in perceived stress of the participants compared to the controls.

Methods:
Ninety apparently healthy adults were randomized into group M (all of whom participated in an online mindfulness program) and group C (all of whom attended placebo sessions), with 45 participants each. Final sample size was n = 42 (group M) and n = 38 (group C). The perceived stress was measured using the perceived stress scale before and after the program. Qualitative data was collected in the form of written responses to the question “Which aspect of mindfulness meditation appealed to you the most for stress relief?” and some themes were formed.

Results:
There was a significant decrease in perceived stress scale scores on completion of the program in group M. “Positive mental state” and “non-judgmental” were the most prominent emergent themes suggested by the participants, as per the qualitative data analysis.

Conclusion:
This preliminary study sees potential in an online mindfulness program as an alternative stress-relieving therapy. Further research is suggested to substantiate the results and optimize the implementation.
Internet addiction in adolescents
Authors: Rathi Megha , Guha Prathama , Neogi Rajarshi 
Published: July 2022

Context:
There is an increasing prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, but very few Indian studies have assessed and taken into account various factors that can explain internet addiction in this vulnerable population.

Aims:
We examine the differences in family functioning, temperament, character and psychopathology in adolescents with and without internet addiction.

Settings and Design:
1000 adolescents from urban middle-class families were included in this cross-sectional, two-randomized-group designed, comparative study. Clinical and control group population were selected from high schools. Those with severe internet addiction were compared to those with no addiction.

Methods and Materials:
Internet Addiction Test, Temperament and Character Inventory, Devereux Scale of Mental Disorders and McMaster Family Assessment Device were administered along with General Health and CRAFFT Questionnaire as screening tool.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Mann–Whitney U test was done along with Spearman’s rank-difference coefficient of correlation.

Result:
Adolescents with internet addiction had high novelty seeking and low persistence. Internet addiction was also associated with conduct problems and depression. There was a significant positive association between depression and years of internet usage. Family of adolescents with internet addiction had increased difficulty in problem solving, communication, affective responsiveness, affective involvement and behavior control.

Conclusion:
Adolescents with internet addiction have temperament difficulties, more psychopathology and belong to dysfunctional families. Since the family plays a central role in an Indian context, family-focused strategies must also be included in the management of internet addiction.
La mercantilización de la información: la nueva era informativa en televisión
Authors: Ortells Badenes Sara 
Published: July 2022

La aparición de la competencia televisiva en la década de los 90 tuvo como resultado, casi inmediato, la mercantilización de la información. Este fenómeno afecta a todos los medios de comunicación y está originando cambios en los criterios de noticiabilidad y el newsmaking, e, incluso, ha dado pie a la creación de un nuevo género informativo resultante de la hibridación de información y entretenimiento, el llamado infoentretenimiento; en el que prima la visión humana del hecho noticioso. El cambio sobre la concepción de la información también se refleja directamente en la jerarquización de las noticias y el tiempo asignado a cada pieza. Por lo que respecta a los temas políticos, cambian los enfoques y la estructura de las noticias tendiendo a la personalización o, por extensión, a la espectacularización.
El objetivo que persigue esta investigación es extraer conclusiones sobre la incidencia del infoentretenimiento en un programa tan asentado como un noticiario televisivo. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de contenido empírico sobre una muestra de emisión de siete días de Noticias Cuatro, prestando especial atención a la utilización de las características del nuevo género en la confección de noticias políticas.
Televisión y nostalgia. The Wonder Years y Cuéntame cómo pasó
Authors: Rueda Laffond José Carlos , Guerra Gómez Amparo 
Published: July 2022

La ficción histórica constituye un recurso característico en la programación televisiva internacional. En su desarrollo diacrónico pueden resaltarse dos dinámicas confluyentes: la derivada de la internacionalización de propuestas y formatos, y la referida a su adecuación a coordenadas socioculturales, mucho más específicas, de carácter nacional o local.Estos programas se han ambientado en escenarios históricos diversos. En lo que respecta a su emplazamiento en períodos relativamente próximos, con frecuencia han apelado a claves de reconocimiento nostálgico, implicadas con la memoria personal de un grueso de espectadores.
Este trabajo se aproxima a dos ejemplos bien definidos de ficción histórica televisiva: la serie estadounidense The Wonder Years (1988-1993), y la española Cuéntame cómo pasó (2001-...). En las siguientes páginas se analizarán los rasgos distintivos de ambas producciones, desde una perspectiva teórica y metodológica interesada por resaltar aquellas claves de contenido que permiten establecer su sentido como instancias discursivas con sentido historiográfico: es decir, como relatos televisivos implicados en un ejercicio explicativo paralelo de evocación y narrativización histórica del pasado, que recurren a la incorporación de claves de reconocimiento y empatía por parte de televidentes situados en contextos geográficos distantes.
Descripción y análisis de la publicidad de alcohol en la revista Muy Interesante
Authors: García del Castillo Rodríguez José Antonio , López Sánchez Carmen , Quiles-Soler Mª del Carmen , García del Castillo-López Álvaro 
Published: July 2022

Los temas que giran en torno a la publicidad han generado gran interés, tanto por los efectos persuasivos de la misma, como por la influencia sobre el comportamiento de los individuos a la que va dirigida. Desde sus orígenes nos encontramos diversas controversias, que motivan investigaciones sobre la publicidad y su percepción e interpretación por parte del público. En este trabajo se pretende analizar la publicidad del alcohol, en la revista Muy Interesante, por una muestra de estudiantes de las Universidades Públicas de la Provincia de Alicante. La muestra se compone de 380 inserciones de 51 marcas de bebidas alcohólicas diferentes. Nuestro propósito es doble; 1. Describir los contenidos de los mensajes publicitarios localizados; 2. Identificar los valores subyacentes en la publicidad de alcohol. El análisis fue realizado por dos grupos de informantes claves: uno compuesto por siete estudiantes universitarios de diferentes titulaciones y sexo, y otro integrado por siete expertos de distintas áreas relacionadas con el objeto de estudio. La recogida de información se realizó a través de un cuestionario estructurado.