bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Official position of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (ABRASSO) on the evaluation of body composition by densitometry: part I (technical aspects)—general concepts, indications, acquisition, and analysis
Authors: Maeda Sergio Setsuo , Peters Barbara Santarosa Emo , Martini Lígia Araújo , Antunes Hannah Karen Moreira , Gonzalez Maria Cristina , Arantes Henrique Pierotti , Prado Carla M. , Pinto Camila Lemos , de Araújo Iana Mizumukai , de Paula Francisco José Albuquerque , Borges Joao Lindolfo Cunha , Albergaria Ben-Hur , Ushida Marcela , de Souza Guilherme Cardenaz , de Mendonça Laura Maria Carvalho , do Prado Mirley , de Medeiros Pinheiro Marcelo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo review the technical aspects of body composition assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and other methods based on the most recent scientific evidence.Materials and methodsThis Official Position is a result of efforts by the Scientific Committee of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (Associação Brasileira de Avaliação Óssea e Osteometabolismo, ABRASSO) and health care professionals with expertise in body composition assessment who were invited to contribute to the preparation of this document. The authors searched current databases for relevant publications. In this first part of the Official Position, the authors discuss the different methods and parameters used for body composition assessment, general principles of DXA, and aspects of the acquisition and analysis of DXA scans.ConclusionConsidering aspects of accuracy, precision, cost, duration, and ability to evaluate all three compartments, DXA is considered the gold-standard method for body composition assessment, particularly for the evaluation of fat mass. In order to ensure reliable, adequate, and reproducible DXA reports, great attention is required regarding quality control procedures, preparation, removal of external artifacts, imaging acquisition, and data analysis and interpretation.
Epidemiological studies on lower respiratory tract infection in children in the District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ashraf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Lower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of death in children globally and are transmitted by inhaling airborne droplets. The study demonstrated the prevalence of lower respiratory tract infections in children admitted to the Women and Children Hospital Bannu from February through November 2019. The cross-sectional study was conducted by obtaining indoor data from the official record maintained in the children’s wards.

Results
Males accounted for 649 (61.6%) and females 405 (38.4%) cases out of 1054 cases of the disease. Age group of ≤ 6 months showed 36.2% prevalence, followed by > 6 m ≤ 1 y (25.6%), > 1 y ≤ 2 y (17.1%), > 2 y ≤ 5 y (14.3%), > 5 ≤ 10 y (6.0%), and > 10 y ≤ 15 y (0.8%). Pediatric patients of age ≤ 2 y and ≤ 5 y contributed 78.9% and 93.3% to overall disease, respectively. The disease was at its peak in February (17.9%) while lowest in May (5.5%). The age group (≤ 6 m) was the dominant group in all months except August when replaced by the age group (> 6 m ≤ 1 y). The disease revealed higher prevalence during February-April and October-November.

Conclusions
Different age groups showed variation in the prevalence of the disease with an age group of ≤ 5 y contributing the largest share and seasonal peaks in the disease occurred. The present findings help in adopting strategies for effective control of the disease in different age groups of the children for their peak season.
Impact of sequential therapy with osimertinib on the overall survival in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Inomata Minehiko , Matsumoto Masahiro , Mizushima Isami , Hayashi Kana , Seto Zenta , Tokui Kotaro , Taka Chihiro , Okazawa Seisuke , Kambara Kenta , Imanishi Shingo , Miwa Toshiro , Hayashi Ryuji , Matsui Shoko , Tobe Kazuyuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We conducted a retrospective analysis of the data of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to investigate the associations between clinical factors and the overall survival.

Methods
We retrieved the patient data from the medical charts. Patients who were diagnosed as having EGFR-mutant NSCLC and treated with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) between 2007 and 2020 at our institution were included in the analysis.

Results
A total of 130 patients were included in the analysis. A log-rank test identified EGFR exon 19 deletion in the tumor, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–1, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, local therapy for brain metastasis, and sequential osimertinib therapy for patients with the T790M mutation acquired after primary EGFR-TKI therapy as being significantly associated with a better overall survival. Analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model identified EGFR exon 19 deletion in the tumor, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–1, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, local therapy for brain metastasis, and sequential therapy with osimertinib as being independently associated with a prolonged overall survival.

Conclusion
Our analysis suggested that EGFR mutation status, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, local therapy for brain metastasis, and sequential therapy with osimertinib were associated with overall survival in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC in clinical practice settings.
Reproductive problems and intensity of anxiety and depression in women treated for infertility
Authors: Wdowiak Artur , Makara-Studzińska Marta , Raczkiewicz Dorota , Cyranka Katarzyna 
Published: March 2022

Cel pracyCelem pracy była ocena nasilenia lęku i depresji u kobiet leczonych z powodu niepłodności w porównaniu z nasileniem tych parametrów klinicznych u kobiet bez problemów z rozrodem oraz ocena wpływu zaburzeń emocjonalnych na cykl owulacyjny.MetodaOwulację oceniano za pomocą badań hormonalnych i ultrasonograficznych. Stan emocjonalny został zbadany za pomocą Inwentarza Stanu i Cechu Lęku STAI oraz skali lęku i depresji HADSWynikiNasilenie lęku jako cechy i jako stanu oceniane przy pomocy STAI było znacznie wyższe u kobiet leczonych z powodu niepłodności niż u kobiet z potwierdzoną płodnością, a także wyższe u kobiet leczonych z powodu niepłodności, które nie zaszły w ciążę, niż u kobiet, które zaszły w ciążę. Nasilenie objawów lękowych i depresyjnych według HADS było znacznie wyższe u kobiet leczonych z powodu niepłodności niż u kobiet z potwierdzoną płodnością. Kobiety leczone z powodu niepłodności, które nie zaszły w ciążę, osiągnęły znacznie wyższe nasilenie objawów depresyjnych niż kobiety w ciąży. W surowicy kobiet leczonych z powodu niepłodności poziomy kortyzolu, zarówno podczas owulacji, jak i po niej, dodatnio korelowały z nasileniem lęku jako cechy i stanu, a także z depresją Te same korelacje stwierdzono w grupie kobiet z potwierdzoną płodnością (z wyjątkiem objawów lękowych).Wnioski1. Lęk i depresja związane są z problemami reprodukcyjnymi. Należy zbadać naturę i kierunek tego związku.
2. Zaburzenia emocjonalne niekorzystnie wpływają na wydzielanie hormonów cyklu płciowego i wzrost endometrium.
3. Pary z problemami reprodukcyjnymi wymagają wsparcia psychologicznego w celu poprawy efektów leczenia niepłodności.
A 45-year follow-up study of adolescent schizophrenia. Part II: Age of disease onset, type of onset of the disorder and presence of developmental burden in the context of disease course and long-term social functioning of patients
Authors: Ślosarczyk Mariusz , Ślosarczyk Katarzyna , Furgał Mariusz 
Published: March 2022

Cel pracyW literaturze przedmiotu rzadko spotyka się badania nad predyktorami przebiegu schizofrenii młodzieńczej, zwłaszcza oparte na danych pochodzących z długoterminowych katamnez. W naszej analizie badamy zależności pomiędzy wiekiem zachorowania, typem początku zaburzenia oraz obecnością obciążeń rozwojowych a wskaźnikami klinicznymi i społecznymi przebiegu choroby.Metoda69 pacjentów hospitalizowanych wieku średnio 16 lat (punkt 0) z powodu schizofrenii (rediagnozowanej retrospektywnie wg kryteriów ICD-10) i powtórnie zbadanych w 5 lat później (punkt 1 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 41 osób) zostało po raz kolejny poddanych ocenie pod kątem parametrów klinicznych i społecznych w 45 lat po wyjściowej hospitalizacji (punkt 2 – badanie osobiste dotyczyło 21 osób). Poza badaniem osobistym korzystano także z innych metod zbierania danych, w tym także z kwerend szpitalnych.WynikiSkryty typ początku schizofrenii ujawnił liczne i różnorodne korelacje zarówno z obrazem objawowym i klinicznym przebiegiem schizofrenii, jak i z odległym funkcjonowaniem społecznym badanych, przekładając się na klasycznie bleulerowski obraz objawowy, słabszą reakcję na leczenie oraz gorsze funkcjonowanie w życiu osobistym i zawodowym. Obecność istotnych separacji w dzieciństwie okazała się czynnikiem sprzyjającym wglądowi oraz mniejszemu nasileniu psychopatologii w odległym przebiegu schizofrenii. Rodzinne obciążenie schizofrenią korelowało z obrazem katatonicznym w przyszłości oraz z większą ilością hospitalizacji i wcześniejszą śmiercią.WnioskiSkryty typ początku schizofrenii jest najistotniejszym spośród badanych przez nas predyktorów jej późniejszego przebiegu.
Higher indexes of childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder compared with bipolar disorder
Authors: Jaworska-Andryszewska Paulina , Rybakowski Janusz 
Published: March 2022

Cel pracyCel badań. Porównanie częstości traumatycznych wydarzeń w dzieciństwie w grupach chorych z chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową (ChAD), pacjentów z zaburzeniem osobowości typu borderline (borderline personality disorder - BPD) i osób zdrowych.MetodaMetody. Badaniem objęto 35 pacjentów (10 mężczyzn, 25 kobiet) z ChAD, hospitalizowanych w Klinice Psychiatrii Dorosłych UM w Poznaniu, Szpitalu Neuropsychiatrycznym w Kościanie oraz w Milickim Centrum Medycznym oraz 35 pacjentów (9 mężczyzn, 26 kobiet) z BPD pozostających pod opieką Szpitala im. Babińskiego w Krakowie. Grupę kontrolną stanowiło 71 zdrowych osób (22 mężczyzn, 49 kobiet). W badaniu użyto polskiej wersji Kwestionariusza Traumy Wczesnodziecięcej (CTQ).WynikiWyniki. W obu grupach klinicznych nie stwierdzono różnic między mężczyznami, a kobietami dotyczących wskaźników CTQ, natomiast pacjenci z tych grup istotnie częściej niż osoby z grupy kontrolnej doświadczali traumatycznych przeżyć w dzieciństwie. Pacjenci z BPD wykazywali istotnie wyższy poziom wskaźników mierzonych narzędziem CTQ w porównaniu z pacjentami z ChAD.WnioskiWnioski. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na istotnie częstsze doświadczanie w dzieciństwie traumatycznych przeżyć u osób z BPD w porównaniu z pacjentami z ChAD. Omawiane to jest w kontekście patogenezy obu tych chorób oraz sposobów ich leczenia. BPD należy prawdopodobnie do zaburzeń psychicznych, w patogenezie których trauma wczesnodziecięca odgrywa największą rolę.
Constrained optimization problems governed by PDE models of grain boundary motions
Authors: Antil Harbir , Kubota Shodai , Shirakawa Ken , Yamazaki Noriaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider a class of optimal control problems governed by state equations of Kobayashi-Warren-Carter-type. The control is given by physical temperature. The focus is on problems in dimensions less than or equal to 4. The results are divided into four Main Theorems, concerned with: solvability and parameter dependence of state equations and optimal control problems; the first-order necessary optimality conditions for these regularized optimal control problems. Subsequently, we derive the limiting systems and optimality conditions and study their well-posedness.
A novel similarity measure of link prediction in bipartite social networks based on neighborhood structure
Authors: Sarhangnia Fariba , Mahjoobi Shima , Jamshidi Samaneh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLink prediction is one of the methods of social network analysis. Bipartite networks are a type of complex network that can be used to model many natural events. In this study, a novel similarity measure for link prediction in bipartite networks is presented. Due to the fact that classical social network link prediction methods are less efficient and effective for use in bipartite network, it is necessary to use bipartite network-specific methods to solve this problem. The purpose of this study is to provide a centralized and comprehensive method based on the neighborhood structure that performs better than the existing classical methods. The proposed method consists of a combination of criteria based on the neighborhood structure. Here, the classical criteria for link prediction by modifying the bipartite network are defined. These modified criteria constitute the main component of the proposed similarity measure. In addition to low simplicity and complexity, this method has high efficiency. The simulation results show that the proposed method with a superiority of 0.5% over MetaPath, 1.32% over FriendLink, and 1.8% over Katz in thef-measure criterion shows the best performance.
Sophistik, Performanz, Performativ
Authors: Cassin Barbara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present paper discusses the characteristics of performative speech through three distinct but related episodes: 1. the ancient origins of “convincing speech“ in Homeric and Sophistic discourse; 2. the treatment of linguistic issues through speech by South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission; 3. present-day language as determined and constituted by the plurality of languages, between the Scylla and Charybdis of “Globish” and “ontological nationalism”. John L. Austin’s theory of performative speech acts as laid down in How to do Things With Words serves as a contemporary frame of reference throughout the argument.
Annäherung an Blumenbergs Philosophieverständnis
Authors: Niehues-Pröbsting Heinrich 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
If one compares Hans Blumenberg with the dominant contemporary German-speaking characters of philosophy and heads of their own schools, Husserl, Heidegger and Adorno, then one sees that Blumenberg’s understanding of philosophy proves tobe emphatically unemphatic, withdrawn, and deeply stacked. He exchanges the big bills of those philosophies for small coins: Philosophy is attention first, thoughtfulness second, consolation third, and memory fourth. – An introduction is evidence of the reorientation that Blumenberg undertook in the 1950s with regard to his Catholic-theological and Heideggerian philosophical beginnings. This led him to redefine the modern age from one of crisis to one of overcoming the crisis.
A Study of Knowledge Spillovers within Chinese Mega-Economic Zones
Authors: Huang Xiaobing , Meng Xinxin , Chen Meng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using a prefectural level data, we shed the light on the knowledge spillovers within three mega-economic zones (MEZs) in China by adopting spatial econometric methods. We first examine the spillovers within all regions, and then the spillovers within the MEZs, and finally the spillovers from core cities. The results show that there are pronounced spillovers between cities in China, which is stronger between cities with high techno-proximity. Moreover, spillovers within the MEZs are found to be stronger but unequal. Spillovers between cities in the Pearl River Delta are the greatest among the MEZs, while the spillovers within Jing-jin-ji are the lowest. Eventually, Shenzhen outperforms Shanghai and Beijing in knowledge spillovers, whereas Beijing may even adversely affect the innovation of neighbors.
Lexical and grammatical collocations in beginning and intermediate L2 argumentative essays: a bigram study
Authors: Xia Detong , Chen Yudi , Pae Hye K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCollocations play an important role in L2 learners’ fluent and idiomatic language production. Previous studies using a frequency-based approach to studying collocations underscored the potential to use association measures for distinguishing L2 writing proficiency. However, studies in this line have largely neglected the syntactic relation of words within a collocation. In addition, most L2 collocation studies have focused on learners at upper-intermediate levels and above, leaving the use of collocations by beginner-level learners understudied. Using the Yonsei English Language Corpus, this study investigated frequency (measured by normalized frequency and normalized deviance of proportions), formulaicity (measured by mutual information andt-scores), and diversity (measured by normalized entropy scores) of seven lexical collocations and four grammatical collocations in argumentative essays from beginning to upper-intermediate levels. Results showed that upper-intermediate L2 learners used more collocations with higher association strength and diversity than did beginning-level learners. In addition, collocations used by upper-intermediate learners were more idiomatic and suitable for L2 academic writing. The findings indicated that specific collocational patterns (i.e. adverb-verb and verb-preposition) could serve as reliable indicators of distinguishing beginning L2 writing from upper-intermediate L2 writing.
The search for new stories to live by: A summary of ten ecolinguistics lectures delivered by Arran Stibbe
Authors: Ma Chen , Stibbe Arran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article is a summary of Professor Arran Stibbe’s ten online lectures on ecolinguistics at Beijing Foreign Studies University. The lecture series begins by asking: Why, from an ecolinguistic perspective, do we need new stories to live by? With theoretical insights and practical analyses of a wide range of discourses, it then illustrates how eight types of stories, including ideology, evaluation, erasure, salience, identity, narrative, framing, and metaphor can work cognitively to influence the way people construe reality, in the hope of encouraging people to use language that can inspire them to protect the planet instead of destroying it.
Simulation of pulsed neutron activation for determination of water flow in pipes
Authors: Mattsson H. , Owrang F. , Nordlund A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of the asymmetric distribution of activated water in PNA (pulsed neutron activation) measurements has been investigated experimentally by depositing a small amount of colour, simulating the activated water, in a transparent Plexiglas pipe. Based on the colour experiments, a semi-empirical model has been developed that describes the distribution of the activated water at different distances from the activation point. The model shows that the combination of inhomogeneous activation and a radial velocity profile makes the mean velocity of the activity lower than the mean velocity of the water. It can also be seen that the velocity of the activity increases as the distance from the activation point increases. The model has been compared with experimental values from PNA measurements and the measured mean velocity shows a similar dependence on the distance from the activation point.
Analytical study of flow instability behaviour in a boiling two-phase natural circulation loop under low quality conditions
Authors: Nayak A. K. , Kumar N. , Vijayan P. K. , Saha D. , Sinha R. K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Analytical investigations have been carried out to study the flow instability behaviour in a boiling two-phase natural circulation loop under low quality conditions. For this purpose, the computer code TINFLO-S has been developed. The code solves the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy and equation of state for homogeneous equilibrium two-phase flow using linear analytical technique. The results of the code have been validated with the experimental data of the loop for both the steady state and stability. The study reveals that the stability behaviour of low quality flow oscillations is different from that of the high quality flow oscillations. The instability reduces with increase in power and throttling at the inlet of the heater. The instability first increases and then reduces with increase in pressure at any subcooling. The effects of diameter of riser pipe, heater and the height of the riser on this instability are also investigated.
Alerting procedures for scenarios without warning times
Authors: Baggenstos M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For purposes of emergency planning for Swiss nuclear power plants the following scenarios were selected from among a great variety of possible sequences: scenarios without core damage, scenarios with core damage and correct functioning of the containment and the filtered venting system, and scenarios with core damage and without correct functioning of the containment – medium up to long pre-phase. The selection of these scenarios serves as basis for establishing measures to protect the population. This contribution presents alerting procedures for scenarios without warning time.
Conative calls to animals: From Arusa Maasai to a cross-linguistic prototype
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Karani Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstracct
The present article expands our empirical and theoretical knowledge of conative animal calls (CACs) in the languages of the world. By drawing on canonical typology and prototype theory – and by contrasting the original evidence related to the category of CACs in Arusa Maasai with the evidence concerning CACs in other languages that is currently available in scholarship – the authors design a cross-linguistic prototype of a CAC and enumerate its 18 prototypical non-formal (semantic-pragmatic) and formal (phonetic, morphological, and syntactic) features.
Bankers communicating wrongdoing and failure: Apologies or apologetics?
Authors: Breeze Ruth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses letters to shareholders by bank presidents in the ten years after the financial crisis to establish whether apologies for corporate wrongdoing and mismanagement are present, and if not, how these negative aspects are communicated. Apologies and quasi apologies are shown to be part of a wider repertoire of strategies including alignment with those affected, disassociation from negative events, scapegoating of perpetrators, and promises of future good conduct. These findings are discussed in terms of the banks’ ongoing relationship with shareholders, and their wider reputation management endeavours.
Anti-Chinese sentiment in the Czech public service media during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sedláková Renáta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on Sinophobia which is usually not expressed openly in the public service media. The Sinophobia discourse intensified in 2020 in connection with the coverage of the pandemic. How are anti-Chinese attitudes expressed in the news discourse of the Czech Radio and Czech Television? Examples from a broader analysis of the representation of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic in news and journalism programmes are given. Inductive qualitative research methods (discourse and semiotic analysis) were used to detect subtle nuances of meaning and reveal implicit presuppositions. This study focuses on the manifestations of bias, e.g., the ideologically grounded attitudes of the speakers. The anti-Chinese statements (about poor hygiene habits and eating wild animals) were most often mentioned in connection with the origin of the coronavirus, vaccination, and China expansive policy. Sinophobic messages were built on the opposition of Us and Them, which is, according to van Dijk (2000), the core of new racism. In spite of the fact that the open hate speech and systematic bias (intentional implications, obvious evaluation or signposting) were not found in the researched sample, the analysis identified the presence of Sinophobic statements in both public service media.