bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magneto-transport and Thermal properties of TiH diatomic molecule under the influence of magnetic and Aharonov-Bohm (AB) fields
Authors: Edet C. O. , Khordad R. , Ettah E. B. , Aljunid S. A. , Endut R. , Ali N. , Asjad M. , Ushie P. O. , Ikot A. N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, the effects of Aharonov-Bohm (AB) and magnetic fields on the thermodynamic and magneto-transport properties of TiH diatomic molecule using the Deng-Fan potential as a model are investigated. The functional analysis approach (FAA) is used to solve the Schrodinger equation in the presence of magnetic and AB fields with Deng-Fan potential. The energy equation, as well as the wave function, have been derived. The analytic expressions for the thermo-magnetic and transport properties of the Deng-Fan potential are derived using the energy equation and the partition function. These properties obtained are thoroughly analysed utilising graphical representations. Our analysis shows that the magnetic susceptibility of the TiH exhibits a diamagnetic behaviour, and the specific heat capacity behaviour agrees with the famous Dulong-Petit law when the system is subjected to AB field variations and a fixed magnetic field. Albeit, a slight anomaly is observed in the behaviour of the specific heat capacity. Our findings will be valuable in various fields of physics, including chemical and molecular physics and condensed matter physics, where the derived models could be applied to study other diatomic molecules and quantum dots, respectively.
Antimicrobial potential of a ponericin-like peptide isolated from Bombyx mori L. hemolymph in response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Authors: Nesa Jannatun , Jana Swapan Kumar , Sadat Abdul , Biswas Kinkar , Kati Ahmet , Kaya Ozge , Mondal Rittick , Dam Paulami , Thakur Mintu , Kumar Anoop , Hossain Maidul , Lima Lucas R. , Rezende Samilla B. , Bhattacharjya Debjoy , Gangopadhyay Debnirmalya , Ghorai Suvankar , Altuntas Sevde , Panda Amiya Kumar , Chakrabarti Pinak , Swarnakar Shambhu , Chakraborty Joydeep , Yilmaz Berfin , Macedo Maria L. R. , Franco Octávio L. , Cardoso Marlon H. , Mandal Amit Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe main effectors in the innate immune system of Bombyx mori L. are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Here, we infected B. mori with varied inoculum sizes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25668 cells to investigate changes in morpho-anatomical responses, physiological processes and AMP production. Ultraviolet–visible spectra revealed a sharp change in λmax from 278 to 285 nm (bathochromic shift) in the hemolymph of infected B. mori incubated for 24 h. Further, Fourier Transform InfraRed studies on the hemolymph extracted from the infected B. mori showed a peak at 1550 cm−1, indicating the presence of α-helical peptides. The peptide fraction was obtained through methanol, acetic acid and water mixture (90:1:9) extraction, followed by peptide purification using Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The fraction exhibiting antibacterial properties was collected and characterized by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight. A linear α-helical peptide with flexible termini (LLKELWTKMKGAGKAVLGKIKGLL) was found, corresponding to a previously described peptide from ant venom and here denominated as Bm-ponericin-L1. The antibacterial activity of Bm-ponericin-L1 was determined against ESKAPE pathogens. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the membrane disruption potential of Bm-ponericin-L1. Moreover, this peptide also showed promising antibiofilm activity. Finally, cell viability and hemolytic assays revealed that Bm-ponericin-L1 is non-toxic toward primary fibroblasts cell lines and red blood cells, respectively. This study opens up new perspectives toward an alternative approach to overcoming multiple-antibiotic-resistance by means of AMPs through invertebrates’ infection with human pathogenic bacteria.
PARP3 supervises G9a-mediated repression of adhesion and hypoxia-responsive genes in glioblastoma cells
Authors: Nguekeu-Zebaze Leonel , Hanini Najat , Noll Aurélia , Wadier Nadège , Amé Jean-Christophe , Roegel Lisa , Dantzer Françoise 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn breast cancer, Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 (PARP3) has been identified as a key driver of tumor aggressiveness exemplifying its selective inhibition as a promising surrogate for clinical activity onto difficult-to-treat cancers. Here we explored the role of PARP3 in the oncogenicity of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain cancer. The absence of PARP3 did not alter cell proliferation nor the in vivo tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma cells. We identified a physical and functional interaction of PARP3 with the histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase G9a. We show that PARP3 helps to adjust G9a-dependent repression of the adhesion genes Nfasc and Parvb and the hypoxia-responsive genes Hif-2α, Runx3, Mlh1, Ndrg1, Ndrg2 and Ndrg4. Specifically for Nfasc, Parvb and Ndrg4, PARP3/G9a cooperate for an adjusted establishment of the repressive mark H3K9me2. While examining the functional consequence in cell response to hypoxia, we discovered that PARP3 acts to maintain the cytoskeletal microtubule stability. As a result, the absence of PARP3 markedly increases the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to microtubule-destabilizing agents providing a new therapeutic avenue for PARP3 inhibition in brain cancer therapy.
High gain chopper supplied from PV system to fed synchronous reluctance motor drive for pumping water application
Authors: Elbarbary Z. M. Salem , Cheema Khalid Mehmood , Al-Gahtani Saad F. , El-Sehiemy Ragab A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPower generation for renewable energy sources increased rapidly during last few years. Similarly, the high gain dc–dc boost choppers are taking place of conventional power converters used for photovoltaic (PV) appliances. Researchers are developing different methods in order to provide high voltage gain, low ripple, reduced switch stress, low converter costs, and minimized variations of PV operating points. This study proposes a two-stage converter for a freestanding water pumping motor drive power by solar PV system. According to the proposed system, at first, a high gain (HG) cell and a DC-to-DC boost converter are combined to increase the PV voltage to high levels. Later on, the resulting dc voltage feds a three-phase synchronous reluctance motor drive that operates centrifugal pump load. The perturb and observe approach is utilized to get the maximum power out of the solar PV module. Moreover, indirect field-oriented control is implemented to accomplish smooth starting of synchronous reluctance motor. In order to validate the effectiveness of proposed technique, a MATLAB/Simulink environment-based simulation setup along with an experimental prototype is developed. Additionally, various cases are considered based on different operating conditions and irradiance levels to collect and analyse the results.
Lossy compression of matrices by black box optimisation of mixed integer nonlinear programming
Authors: Kadowaki Tadashi , Ambai Mitsuru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn edge computing, suppressing data size is a challenge for machine learning models that perform complex tasks such as autonomous driving, in which computational resources (speed, memory size and power) are limited. Efficient lossy compression of matrix data has been introduced by decomposing it into the product of an integer and real matrices. However, its optimisation is difficult as it requires simultaneous optimisation of an integer and real variables. In this paper, we improve this optimisation by utilising recently developed black-box optimisation (BBO) algorithms with an Ising solver for binary variables. In addition, the algorithm can be used to solve mixed-integer programming problems that are linear and non-linear in terms of real and integer variables, respectively. The differences between the choice of Ising solvers (simulated annealing, quantum annealing and simulated quenching) and the strategies of the BBO algorithms (BOCS, FMQA and their variations) are discussed for further development of the BBO techniques.
A robust spike sorting method based on the joint optimization of linear discrimination analysis and density peaks
Authors: Zhang Yiwei , Han Jiawei , Liu Tengjun , Yang Zelan , Chen Weidong , Zhang Shaomin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpike sorting is a fundamental step in extracting single-unit activity from neural ensemble recordings, which play an important role in basic neuroscience and neurotechnologies. A few algorithms have been applied in spike sorting. However, when noise level or waveform similarity becomes relatively high, their robustness still faces a big challenge. In this study, we propose a spike sorting method combining Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Density Peaks (DP) for feature extraction and clustering. Relying on the joint optimization of LDA and DP: DP provides more accurate classification labels for LDA, LDA extracts more discriminative features to cluster for DP, and the algorithm achieves high performance after iteration. We first compared the proposed LDA-DP algorithm with several algorithms on one publicly available simulated dataset and one real rodent neural dataset with different noise levels. We further demonstrated the performance of the LDA-DP method on a real neural dataset from non-human primates with more complex distribution characteristics. The results show that our LDA-DP algorithm extracts a more discriminative feature subspace and achieves better cluster quality than previously established methods in both simulated and real data. Especially in the neural recordings with high noise levels or waveform similarity, the LDA-DP still yields a robust performance with automatic detection of the number of clusters. The proposed LDA-DP algorithm achieved high sorting accuracy and robustness to noise, which offers a promising tool for spike sorting and facilitates the following analysis of neural population activity.
Disarming of type I-F CRISPR-Cas surveillance complex by anti-CRISPR proteins AcrIF6 and AcrIF9
Authors: Kupcinskaite Egle , Tutkus Marijonas , Kopūstas Aurimas , Ašmontas Simonas , Jankunec Marija , Zaremba Mindaugas , Tamulaitiene Giedre , Sinkunas Tomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCRISPR-Cas systems are prokaryotic adaptive immune systems that protect against phages and other invading nucleic acids. The evolutionary arms race between prokaryotes and phages gave rise to phage anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins that act as a counter defence against CRISPR-Cas systems by inhibiting the effector complex. Here, we used a combination of bulk biochemical experiments, X-ray crystallography and single-molecule techniques to explore the inhibitory activity of AcrIF6 and AcrIF9 proteins against the type I-F CRISPR-Cas system from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). We showed that AcrIF6 and AcrIF9 proteins hinder Aa-Cascade complex binding to target DNA. We solved a crystal structure of Aa1-AcrIF9 protein, which differ from other known AcrIF9 proteins by an additional structurally important loop presumably involved in the interaction with Cascade. We revealed that AcrIF9 association with Aa-Cascade promotes its binding to off-target DNA sites, which facilitates inhibition of CRISPR-Cas protection.
In silico study on the Hepatitis E virus RNA Helicase and its inhibition by silvestrol, rocaglamide and other flavagline compounds
Authors: Pedroni Lorenzo , Dellafiora Luca , Varrà Maria Olga , Galaverna Gianni , Ghidini Sergio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHepatitis E Virus (HEV) follows waterborne or zoonotic/foodborne transmission. Genotype 3 HEV infections are worldwide spread, especially in swine populations, representing an emerging threat for human health, both for farm workers and pork meat consumers. Unfortunately, HEV in vitro culture and analysis are still difficult, resulting in a poor understanding of its biology and hampering the implementation of counteracting strategies. Indeed, HEV encodes for only one non-structural multifunctional and multidomain protein (ORF1), which might be a good candidate for anti-HEV drugging strategies. In this context, an in silico molecular modelling approach that consisted in homology modelling to derive the 3D model target, docking study to simulate the binding event, and molecular dynamics to check complex stability over time was used. This workflow succeeded to describe ORF1 RNA Helicase domain from a molecular standpoint allowing the identification of potential inhibitory compounds among natural plant-based flavagline-related molecules such as silvestrol, rocaglamide and derivatives thereof. In the context of scouting potential anti-viral compounds and relying on the outcomes presented, further dedicated investigations on silvestrol, rocaglamide and a promising oxidized derivative have been suggested. For the sake of data reproducibility, the 3D model of HEV RNA Helicase has been made publicly available.
Magnetic dynamics of hedgehog in icosahedral quasicrystal
Authors: Watanabe Shinji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQuasicrystals (QCs) possess a unique lattice structure without translational invariance, which is characterized by the rotational symmetry forbidden in periodic crystals such as the 5-fold rotation. Recent discovery of the ferromagnetic (FM) long-range order in the terbium-based QC has brought about breakthrough but the magnetic structure and dynamics remain unresolved. Here, we reveal the dynamical as well as static structure of the FM hedgehog state in the icosahedral QC. The FM hedgehog is shown to be characterized by the triple-Q state in the reciprocal-lattice $${{\varvec{q}}}$$

q

space. Dynamical structure factor is shown to exhibit highly structured $${{\varvec{q}}}$$

q

and energy dependences. We find a unique magnetic excitation mode along the 5-fold direction exhibiting the streak fine structure in the $${{\varvec{q}}}$$

q

-energy plane, which is characteristic of the hedgehog in the icosahedral QC. Non-reciprocal magnetic excitations are shown to arise from the FM hedgehog order, which emerge in the vast extent of the $${{\varvec{q}}}$$

q

-energy plane.
Development of a new and facile method for determination of chlorpyrifos residues in green tea by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
Authors: Tian Hai , Feng Yujie , Yang Xinfeng , Li Shuhuai , Pang Chaohai , Ma Chen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work a simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly method has been established for the determination of chlorpyrifos residue in green tea by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-flame photometric detection. Some experimental parameters that influence extraction efficiency, such as the kind and volume of disperser solvents and extraction solvents, extraction time, addition of salt and pH, were investigated. And the optimal experimental conditions were obtained, quantitative analysis was carried out using external standard method. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curves was 0.999 with in 0.05 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg. The results showed that under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors of the chlorpyrifos was about 554.51, the recoveries for standard addition fell in the range from 91.94 to 104.70% and the relative standard deviations was 4.61%. The limit of quantification of chlorpyrifos in green tea was 0.02 μg/mL at the signal/noise ratio of 3.
Moving towards vertically integrated artificial intelligence development
Authors: Zhang Joe , Budhdeo Sanjay , William Wasswa , Cerrato Paul , Shuaib Haris , Sood Harpreet , Ashrafian Hutan , Halamka John , Teo James T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSubstantial interest and investment in clinical artificial intelligence (AI) research has not resulted in widespread translation to deployed AI solutions. Current attention has focused on bias and explainability in AI algorithm development, external validity and model generalisability, and lack of equity and representation in existing data. While of great importance, these considerations also reflect a model-centric approach seen in published clinical AI research, which focuses on optimising architecture and performance of an AI model on best available datasets. However, even robustly built models using state-of-the-art algorithms may fail once tested in realistic environments due to unpredictability of real-world conditions, out-of-dataset scenarios, characteristics of deployment infrastructure, and lack of added value to clinical workflows relative to cost and potential clinical risks. In this perspective, we define a vertically integrated approach to AI development that incorporates early, cross-disciplinary, consideration of impact evaluation, data lifecycles, and AI production, and explore its implementation in two contrasting AI development pipelines: a scalable “AI factory” (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States), and an end-to-end cervical cancer screening platform for resource poor settings (Paps AI, Mbarara, Uganda). We provide practical recommendations for implementers, and discuss future challenges and novel approaches (including a decentralised federated architecture being developed in the NHS (AI4VBH, London, UK)). Growth in global clinical AI research continues unabated, and introduction of vertically integrated teams and development practices can increase the translational potential of future clinical AI projects.
A modern automated patch-clamp approach for high throughput electrophysiology recordings in native cardiomyocytes
Authors: Seibertz Fitzwilliam , Rapedius Markus , Fakuade Funsho E. , Tomsits Philipp , Liutkute Aiste , Cyganek Lukas , Becker Nadine , Majumder Rupamanjari , Clauß Sebastian , Fertig Niels , Voigt Niels 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCrucial conventional patch-clamp approaches to investigate cellular electrophysiology suffer from low-throughput and require considerable experimenter expertise. Automated patch-clamp (APC) approaches are more experimenter independent and offer high-throughput, but by design are predominantly limited to assays containing small, homogenous cells. In order to enable high-throughput APC assays on larger cells such as native cardiomyocytes isolated from mammalian hearts, we employed a fixed-well APC plate format. A broad range of detailed electrophysiological parameters including action potential, L-type calcium current and basal inward rectifier current were reliably acquired from isolated swine atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes using APC. Effective pharmacological modulation also indicated that this technique is applicable for drug screening using native cardiomyocyte material. Furthermore, sequential acquisition of multiple parameters from a single cell was successful in a high throughput format, substantially increasing data richness and quantity per experimental run. When appropriately expanded, these protocols will provide a foundation for effective mechanistic and phenotyping studies of human cardiac electrophysiology. Utilizing scarce biopsy samples, regular high throughput characterization of primary cardiomyocytes using APC will facilitate drug development initiatives and personalized treatment strategies for a multitude of cardiac diseases.
Effortful Listening Despite Correct Responses: The Cost of Mental Repair in Sentence Recognition by Listeners With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Winn Matthew B. , Teece Katherine H. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
Speech recognition percent correct scores fail to capture the effort of mentally repairing the perception of speech that was initially misheard. This study measured the effort of listening to stimuli specifically designed to elicit mental repair in adults who use cochlear implants (CIs).

Method:
CI listeners heard and repeated sentences in which specific words were distorted or masked by noise but recovered based on later context: a signature of mental repair. Changes in pupil dilation were tracked as an index of effort and time-locked with specific landmarks during perception.

Results:

Effort significantly increases when a listener needs to repair a misperceived word, even if the verbal response is ultimately correct. Mental repair of words in a sentence was accompanied by greater prevalence of errors
elsewhere
in the same sentence, suggesting that effort spreads to consume resources across time. The cost of mental repair in CI listeners was essentially the same as that observed in listeners with normal hearing in previous work.

Conclusions:
Listening effort as tracked by pupil dilation is better explained by the mental repair and reconstruction of words rather than the appearance of correct or incorrect perception. Linguistic coherence drives effort more heavily than the mere presence of mistakes, highlighting the importance of testing materials that do not constrain coherence by design.
Connecting flying backhauls of unmanned aerial vehicles to enhance vehicular networks with fixed 5G NR infrastructure
Authors: Popescu Dalia , Jacquet Philippe , Mans Bernard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates moving networks of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to extend connectivity and guarantee data rates in the 5G by analysing possible hovering locations based on limitations such as flight time and coverage. The authors provide analytic bounds on the requirements in terms of connectivity extension for vehicular networks served by fixed Enhanced Mobile BroadBand infrastructure, where both vehicular networks and infrastructures are modelled using stochastic and fractal geometry as a model for urban environment. The authors prove that assuming n mobile nodes (distributed according to a hyperfractal distribution of dimension dF) and an average of ρ Next Generation NodeB (gNBs), distributed like a hyperfractal of dimension dr if ρ = nθ with θ > dr/4 and letting n tending to infinity (to reflect megalopolis cities), then the average fraction of mobile nodes not covered by a gNB tends to zero like . Interestingly, the authors prove that the average number of drones, needed to connect each mobile node not covered by gNBs, is comparable to the number of isolated mobile nodes. The authors complete the characterisation by proving that when θ < dr/4 the proportion of covered mobile nodes tends to zero. The authors offer insights on the placement of the ‘garage of drones’, the home location of these nomadic infrastructure nodes, to minimise the ‘flight‐to‐coverage time’. The authors provide a fast procedure to select the relays that will be garages (and store drones) in order to minimise the number of garages and minimise the delay. The authors’ analytical results are confirmed using simulations in Matlab.
Aktuelles zur RA-ILD
Authors: Schreiber Tina , Hagmeyer Lars , Kofler David M. , Kubacki Torsten , Frank Konrad , Randerath Winfried J. 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie interstitielle Lungenerkrankung bedingt durch eine rheumatoide Arthritis (RA-ILD) hat eine hohe klinische Relevanz. Sie beeinflusst nicht nur die Lebensqualität, sondern hat auch einen erheblichen Anteil an der Mortalität der rheumatoiden Arthritis. Eine RA-ILD kann sich mit allen radiologischen und histopathologischen Mustern präsentieren, die auch bei anderen interstitiellen Pneumonien auftreten. Dabei hat ein diffuser Alveolarschaden (diffuse alveolar damage, DAD), gefolgt von einer gewöhnlichen interstitiellen Pneumonie (usual interstital pneumonia, UIP) die schlechteste Prognose. Zudem hat eine akute Exazerbation der RA-ILD, welche zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Erkrankung auftreten kann, eine hohe Letalität. Ein Algorithmus zur Diagnostik und Therapie der RA-ILD ist ausstehend und wird in folgendem Beitrag thematisiert. Neben Immunsuppressiva und krankheitsmodifizierenden Medikamenten (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, DMARD) gewannen zuletzt Antifibrotika in der Therapie der RA-ILD an Bedeutung.