bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Norwegian Defence and Security Policy: The Struggle for Hearts and Minds in the 1950s
Authors: Pedersen Dahlen Øystein , Werenskjold Rolf 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEven though the Scandinavian countries had failed to create a common defence union at the end of the 1940s, their governments soon managed to create a confidential propaganda collaboration. This Scandinavian propaganda model was based on social democratic politicians’ use of the media and civil society to gain support for defence policy and to counter Soviet propaganda. In this chapter, we analyse how the Norwegian People and Defence (Folk og Forsvar) and the Norwegian Atlantic Committee (Den norske Atlanterhavskomité) were established, how they influenced public opinion on defence and security policy issues, and how they influenced support for the Norwegian NATO membership in the 1950s. The analysis is contextualized with the corresponding organizations in Sweden and Denmark, in which there was close cooperation, confidential exchange of information on propaganda activities, and the fight against communist espionage and sabotage.
Andrological Aspects of Penile and Testicular Cancer
Authors: Carrieri Giuseppe , Falagario Ugo , Recchia Marco , Finati Marco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aims of the treatment of penile and testicular cancer are complete tumor removal with as much organ preservation as possible, without compromising oncological control. Surgical treatment can be mutilating and devastating for the patient’s psychological well-being; however, organ preserving strategies must be weighted on the impact of cancer recurrence on long-term survival. Herein, we present epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and oncological outcomes of these urological cancer as well as andrological and functional consideration on organ preserving strategies for penile cancer, fertility, and sexual disfunction after treatment for testicular cancer.
Therapy in Oligozoospermia (Varicocele, Cryptorchidism, Inflammation, and Seminal Tract Infections)
Authors: Busetto Gian Maria , Saleh Ramadan , Gül Murat , Agarwal Ashok 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe management of infertile men with varicocele is highly debated. Varicocele repair (VR) can be either surgical (varicolectomy) or through angiographic embolization. Surgical repair of varicocele includes open non-microsurgical techniques whether inguinal (Ivanissevich) or high retroperitoneal ligation (Palomo), open microsurgical techniques (inguinal or sub-inguinal) or laparoscopic. The accumulating evidence suggests that VR can improve conventional sperm parameters (sperm concentration, motility, and morphology), seminal oxidative stress, sperm DNA fragmentation, and serum testosterone concentrations.Treatment of cryptorchism is based on surgical correction. The surgical approach for palpable undescended testis is inguinal orchidopexy with eventual repair of concomitant hernia. Scrotal surgical approach is a viable alternative. For nonpalpable undescended testis, surgical approach can be open or laparoscopic, in one or two stages and possibly with spermatic vessel transection. In some cases, orchiectomy is required (testis abdominal localization, impossibility of mobilization or high neoplastic risk).Male accessory gland infections, including infection and/or inflammation of accessory glands (prostate, seminal vesicles, and Cowper’s glands), and male genital tract infections are characterized by the presence of an elevated number of leukocytes and/or pathogens in semen, together with inflammatory signs. Management is based on different antibiotic therapies.
Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: Matteo Maria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe human species is biologically distinguished by low fertility. In fact, with each menstrual cycle, a couple at the peak of their reproductive capacity has only about a 30% chance of conceiving. The WHO states infertility as “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected intercourse.”Assisted reproductive technology (ART) consists of all treatments or procedures that include the in vitro handling of both human oocytes and sperm or of embryos, for the purpose of establishing a pregnancy.The techniques are usually divided into three broad categories:

First level techniques: Intrauterine and Intracervical Insemination (IUI/ICI), the simpler and less invasive ones, such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) with or without Intracervical Insemination (ICI) ovarian stimulation.

Second level techniques: the more complex and more invasive ones that can be performed under local anesthesia or deep sedation, which differ from the basic techniques as they involve manipulation of female and male gametes and because they require in vitro fertilization. Among these techniques the IVF (In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer), ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection), and the possible cryopreservation of male and female gametes and embryos.

Third level techniques procedures that require general anesthesia with intubation, including:

laparoscopic egg retrieval, intra-tubal transfer of male and female gametes (GIFT), zygotes (ZIFT) and /or embryos (TET) laparoscopically;

microsurgical sampling of gametes from the testicle: Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE), Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction (microTESE), Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA);

microsurgical sampling of gametes from the epididymides: Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA) and Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (MESA). In all assisted reproduction techniques, the seminal fluid receives a treatment able to induce capacitation “in vitro” so that the activated spermatozoa, at the threshold of the acrosomal reaction, can interact with the mature oocytes. Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) are highly specialized procedures which involve removing three to four cells from a 5–6 day old blastocyst and testing them for chromosomal abnormalities prior to transferring the embryo into a woman’s uterus. According to data reported from the European IVF-Monitoring Consortium (EIM) for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), the clinical pregnancy rates (PR) per aspiration and per transfer are 28.0% and 34.8%, respectively. After ICSI, the corresponding rates are 24% and 33.5%. ART can alleviate the burden of infertility on individuals and families, but it can also present challenges to public health as evidenced by the high rates of multiple delivery, preterm delivery, and low birth-weight delivery experienced with ART.
MtF Sex Reassignment Surgery: Trombetta Technique
Authors: Trombetta Carlo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGender affirming surgery should provide satisfying results in terms of aesthetic and functional outcomes, therefore, no standard procedure could fit for every subject. Penoscrotal flap technique with neoclitoral-neourethral complex confreres acceptable outcomes, is reproducible in different anatomical scenarios and not involves major abdominal surgery.
Neutron star heating in dark matter models for the muon g − 2 discrepancy
Authors: Hamaguchi Koichi , Nagata Natsumi , Ramirez-Quezada Maura E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The observed value of the muon magnetic dipole moment, which deviates from the Standard Model prediction by 4.2σ, can be explained in models with weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) coupled to muons. However, a considerable range of parameter space of such models will remain unexplored in the future LHC experiments and dark matter (DM) direct searches. In this work we discuss the temperature observation of neutron stars (NSs) as a promising way to probe such models given that WIMPs are efficiently captured by NSs through DM-muon or spin-dependent DM-nucleon scattering. The captured WIMPs eventually annihilate in the star core and heat the NS. This effect can be observed in old NSs as it keeps the NS surface temperature at a few thousand K at most, which is much higher than the predicted values of the standard NS cooling theory for NSs older than ∼ 107 years. We consider two classes of representative models, where the DM couples or does not couple to the Higgs field at tree level, and show that the maximal DM heating is realized in both scenarios.
Population games with instantaneous behavior and the Rosenzweig–MacArthur model
Authors: Frølich Emil F. , Thygesen Uffe H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHow to determine the spatial distribution and population dynamics of animals are some of the key questions in ecology. These two have been coupled before, but there is no general method for determining spatial distributions based on instantanous behavior coupled with population dynamics. We propose modeling interacting populations with instantaneous habitat choice through mean-field games. By using the framework of variational inequalities, we are able to determine existence and uniqueness for habitat distributions of interacting populations, in both continuous and discrete habitats. With some additional restrictions, we are also able to show existence and uniqueness of fixed-points of the population dynamics along with spatial distributions. We illustrate our theoretical results by studying a Rosenzweig–MacArthur model where predators and consumers inhabit a continuous habitat. This study is conducted both theoretically and numerically. Analyzing the emergent dynamics is possible as viewing the system from the vantage point of variational inequalities allows for applying efficient numerical methods. The generality of our theoretical approach opens up for studying complex ecosystems, e.g. the impact of enrichment on spatial distributions in marine ecosystems.
Heterogeneity of dose distribution in normal tissues in case of radiopharmaceutical therapy with alpha-emitting radionuclides
Authors: Li Wei Bo , Bouvier-Capely Céline , Saldarriaga Vargas Clarita , Andersson Michelle , Madas Balázs 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHeterogeneity of dose distribution has been shown at different spatial scales in diagnostic nuclear medicine. In cancer treatment using new radiopharmaceuticals with alpha-particle emitters, it has shown an extensive degree of dose heterogeneity affecting both tumour control and toxicity of organs at risk. This review aims to provide an overview of generalized internal dosimetry in nuclear medicine and highlight the need of consideration of the dose heterogeneity within organs at risk. The current methods used for patient dosimetry in radiopharmaceutical therapy are summarized. Bio-distribution and dose heterogeneities of alpha-particle emitting pharmaceutical 223Ra (Xofigo) within bone tissues are presented as an example. In line with the strategical research agendas of the Multidisciplinary European Low Dose Initiative (MELODI) and the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS), future research direction of pharmacokinetic modelling and dosimetry in patient radiopharmaceutical therapy are recommended.
Erreichbarkeitspotenziale als Wachstumsimpuls von Mittelzentren zwischen Metropolregionskernen
Authors: Ramms T. , Wedemeier J. 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung der Teilräume von Metropolregionen fällt heterogen aus. Während die Kernstädte, ihr engerer Verflechtungsraum mit weiteren Bevölkerungszuwächsen rechnen können, müssen sich vor allem die Zwischenlagen auf weitere Wachstumsveränderungen einstellen. Der Artikel beschreibt diese Lage von Mittelzentren zwischen Metropolregionen und deren Bedeutung als Impulsgeber für das demografische und wirtschaftliche Wachstum. Anhand von Standorten der norddeutschen Metropolregionen Hamburg, Nordwest (Bremen-Oldenburg) sowie Hannover-Braunschweig-Göttingen-Wolfsburg werden Erreichbarkeitspotenziale berechnet, um die relative Zentralität von Mittelzentren zu beschreiben. Die Mittelzentren weisen dabei teilweise eine höhere Zentralität auf als die Metropolregionen selbst und tragen zur Stabilisierung der regionalen Entwicklung in den Zwischenräumen bei. Aus dieser Beobachtung lassen sich drei Schlussfolgerungen ableiten: Erstens, dass es teilweise zu Konzentrationsprozessen innerhalb der ländlich-liegenden Gemeinden und Städte kommen kann. Zweitens, dass es eine Notwendigkeit für die Flexibilisierung des Zentrale-Orte-Konzepts gibt und drittens, dass der räumlichen Planung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Regionalpolitik eine wichtige Rolle zukommt, um diese Zentren zu stärken.
A distributed task orchestration scheme in collaborative vehicular cloud edge networks
Authors: Mittal Shilpi , Dudeja Rajan Kumar , Bali Rasmeet Singh , Aujla Gagangeet Singh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe next generation vehicular networks would be expected to support a wide array of cutting edge applications concerning intelligent transportation system (ITS). Due to this reason, the scale and complexity of ITS-based compute-intensive tasks has exhibited a phenomenal increase and will continue to grow in future. Thus, a large quantity of data requiring different levels of processing is generated, that necessities the need of in-vehicle computational resources as well as collaboration from technologies like, cloud and edge computing. This has led to the development of paradigms such as vewehicular cloud computing (VCC) and vehicular edge computing (VEC). Although VCC provides rich computing resources of the cloud servers to process tasks but it is affected due to long latency and instability of connections. In contrast, VEC provides compute resources closer to the data source to offset the relatively higher latency but the task requester should be able to perceive the computing and communication environment so as to allocate tasks effectively. Thus, it is essential to utilize both edge and cloud capabilities to create a collaborative cloud edge network that can cater to the demand of vehicular networks. A distributed task orchestration framework (DTOF) supporting a Vehicle-to-Vehicle based task orchestration scheme has been proposed that utilizes the vehicular movements along urban roads for creation of vehicular edges. The edge creation process utilizes an innovative light weight string processing algorithm based on hashing technique. The performance of DTOF has been evaluated based on extensive simulation by considering Chandigarh city road maps and the obtained results exhibit the satisfactory performance of DTOF for task orchestration.
Serre Functors and Graded Categories
Authors: Grant Joseph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study Serre structures on categories enriched in pivotal monoidal categories, and apply this to study Serre structures on two types of graded k-linear categories: categories with group actions and categories with graded hom spaces. We check that Serre structures are preserved by taking orbit categories and skew group categories, and describe the relationship with graded Frobenius algebras. Using a formal version of Auslander-Reiten translations, we show that the derived category of a d-representation finite algebra is fractionally Calabi-Yau if and only if its preprojective algebra has a graded Nakayama automorphism of finite order. This connects various results in the literature and gives new examples of fractional Calabi-Yau algebras.
Supporting Vulnerable People During Challenging Transitions: A Systematic Review of Critical Time Intervention
Authors: Manuel Jennifer I. , Nizza Megan , Herman Daniel B. , Conover Sarah , Esquivel Laura , Yuan Yeqing , Susser Ezra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCritical Time Intervention (CTI) is designed to reduce the risk of homelessness and other adverse outcomes by providing support to individuals during challenging life course transitions. While several narrative reviews suggest the benefit of CTI, the evidence on the model’s effectiveness has not been systematically reviewed. This article systematically reviews studies of CTI applied to a variety of populations and transition types. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines, we reviewed 13 eligible experimental and quasi-experimental studies. Findings were summarized by individual outcome domains, including housing, service engagement use, hospitalization or emergency services, mental health, substance use, family and social support, and quality of life. CTI had a consistent positive impact on two primary outcomes—reduced homelessness and increased service engagement use—among different populations and contexts. Despite the effectiveness of CTI, the specific mechanisms of the model’s positive impacts remain unclear. Implications for practice, policy and research are addressed.
TRIM64 promotes ox-LDL-induced foam cell formation, pyroptosis, and inflammation in THP-1-derived macrophages by activating a feedback loop with NF-κB via IκBα ubiquitination
Authors: Zhu Chao , Chen Wei , Cui Haiming , Huang Zhigang , Ding Ru , Li Na , Wang Qinqin , Wu Feng , Zhao Yanmin , Cong Xiaoliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the main pathology behind most cardiovascular diseases and the overactivation of macrophages initiates the development of atherosclerosis. However, the specific functions of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in macrophages remain elusive. Macrophages derived from monocyte (THP-1) were treated with ox-LDL and were used to generate atherosclerosis in an in vitro model. NLRP3 inflammasome markers were examined using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Cytokines were measured using ELISA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was utilized to detect nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and TRIM64 interactions. A fat-rich diet was applied to ApoE-/- mice for in vivo studies. ox-LDL promoted TRIM64 expression in a time-dependent manner. According to loss- and gain-of-function analyses, TRIM64 enhanced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and the expression of downstream molecules. TRIM64 directly interacted with IκBα and promoted IκBα ubiquitination at K67 to activate NF-κB signaling. We detected direct binding between NF-κB and the TRIM64 promoter, as well as enhanced TRIM64 expression. Our study revealed an interaction between TRIM64 and NF-κB in the development of atherosclerosis. TRIM64 and NF-κB formed a positive feedback to activate NF-κB pathway.
Graphical abstract
ox-LDL induces foam cell formation and TRIM64 expression
TRIM64 regulates ox-LDL-induced foam cell formation, pyroptosis and inflammation via the NF-κB signaling
TRIM64 activates NF-κB signaling by ubiquitination of IκBα
NF-κB inhibition attenuates atherosclerosis in HFD-induced ApoE (-/-) mice
Temporal–spatial analysis of drought and wet periods: case study of a wet region in Northwestern Iran (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardebil and Zanjan provinces)
Authors: Razmi Robab , Sotoudeh Fatemeh , Ghane Mohsen , Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNorthwest of Iran has plant, animal and environmental varieties because of its geographical location. Therefore, alternate weather may have irreparable outcomes in numerous environmental sectors. In the prevailing research, it was turned into consideration to investigate the droughts that with inside the northwestern vicinity of Iran all through a 30-yr statistical period (1987–2016) that occurred, the usage of the records of fifty-five synoptic, climatology and rain gauge stations was evaluated with inside the positioned area. Using the SPI in a 12-month period, 360 maps had been produced for drought severity and month-to-month droughts. Then, the maps had been transformed into records, and the calculations associated with its descriptive information consisting of the common center, well-known circle and ellipse had been calculated on 4236 cells. The consequences of the month-to-month evaluation of droughts and moist duration intensities all through 360 months confirmed that the chance of susceptible moist durations with inside the important elements and extreme droughts with inside the southern half of the vicinity is better than different situations. More extreme droughts arise on this vicinity.
Hydroxyzine removal from the polluted aqueous solution using the hybrid treatment process of electrocoagulation and adsorption; optimization, and modeling
Authors: Dolatabadi Maryam , Kheirieh Amiremad , Yoosefian Mehdi , Ahmadzadeh Saeid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current work investigated the efficacy of the hybrid treatment process of electrocoagulation and adsorption in removing hydroxyzine (HDZ) from polluted aqueous solutions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the operating parameters based on the sub-category of central composite design (CCD). The significance of variables, interactions, and quadratic effects was investigated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The value of determination coefficient (R2), Adjusted R2 (Adj.R2) and predicted R2 (Pred.R2) were 0.9855, 0.9791, and 0.9743, respectively; also, p-value of P < 0.0001, and F-value of 65.91 were obtained. The obtained results revealed that the removal efficiency of 99.3% and electrical energy consumption of 0.438 kWh m−3 were achieved at the optimum treatment condition of initial HDZ concentration of 25.0 mg L−1, pH solution of 8.0, the current density of 12.0 mA cm−2, reaction time of 15.0 min, and chitosan dosage of 0.03 g L−1. According to the Pareto analysis, the initial HDZ concentration, solution pH, current density, and reaction time’s contribution to the HDZ removal were 22.61%, 38.99%, 19.36%, and 9.43, respectively. Furthermore, the contributions of solution pH and reaction time with the quadratic effects were 3.43% and 6.19%, respectively. Thus, the pH solution revealed the highest contribution to the removal process. Overall, HDZ removal by the hybrid treatment process of EC and AD revealed a good efficiency; also, it can be potentially presented as a promising process for treating polluted water.
On weighted norm inequalities for oscillatory integral operators
Authors: Bergfeldt Aksel , Rodríguez-López Salvador , Staubach Wolfgang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe prove weighted norm inequalities with Muckenhoupt’s $$A_p$$

A
p

-weights, for a wide class of oscillatory integral operators. As a consequence, one also obtains the boundedness of commutators of the aforementioned operators with functions in BMO.
Creative industries careers: shifting aspirations and pathways from high school to university—a NSW case study
Authors: Kerrigan Susan , Grushka Kathryn , Chand Ari , Street Kristi , Shadbolt Jane , Lawry Miranda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCreative careers are responding rapidly to new creative practices, new audiences, emerging digital platforms and technologies. These careers are well paid, resistant to automation and permeate all aspects of society. Yet students’ and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes are not in alignment with the reality of a job in Australia’s Creative Industries. Research exploring the perceptions of a creative career in high schools showed there was a significant disconnect between perceived jobs and actual jobs, impacting on student aspirations to work in the creative industries. Current narratives in schools need to shift beyond an outdated idea of traditional “Arts” towards the realities of a contemporary creative workforce which combines digital, entrepreneurial and creative skills. A mixed method Australian state case study, was conducted in regional school communities, collecting data from across creative classroom practice, surveys and interviews. The findings point to a limited understanding of creative careers held by specialist teachers, careers advisors and students. This resulted in severely limited advice being provided to high school students in terms of choices of secondary curriculum and educational pathways for a creative career.