bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Youngest Composite Full-Face Transplant
Authors: Knackstedt Rebecca , Siemionow Maria , Djohan Risal , Schwarz Graham , Gharb Bahar Bassiri , Rampazzo Antonio , Bernard Steven , Doumit Gaby , Gurunian Raffi , Eghtesad Bijan , Bergfeld Wilma , Priebe Debra , Papay Frank , Gastman Brian R. 
Published: October 2022

Background
The field of face transplantation continues to evolve, with more complex defects being addressed, and, at the same time, increased outcome expectations. Given our unique long-term experience in this field, we consented one of the youngest patients to undergo a full-face transplant.

Methods
An 18-year-old woman presented with complete destruction of her central face and craniofacial structures. She had coexisting major injuries, including pituitary gland, visual axis, and motor control. After extensive rehabilitation and reconstruction techniques, the patient underwent face transplant on May 4, 2017, at the age of 21 years.

Results
The total operative time for the recipient was 26 hours. There were no major perioperative complications. Since transplant, the patient has undergone 3 revision surgeries. She is near completely independent from a daily life activity standpoint. She has had 1 episode of rejection above grade II that was successfully treated with a short-term increased in immunosuppression.

Conclusions
Contrary to data in solid organ transplantation where youth is associated with increased risk of rejection, our current algorithm in immunosuppression, combined with this patient's compliance, has led to only 1 rejection episode beyond grade II. This successful transplant can serve as a model for future vascularized composite transplants in younger populations.
Cloning and expression of α-Amylase from novel specie, Enterobacter xiangfangensis; locally isolated from Pakistani flora
Authors: tahir Tehreem , iqbal afshan 
Published: October 2022

Living in an era of industrialization, there is an utmost need to replace chemical catalysts with biocatalysts owing their cost effectiveness, milder reaction conditions, eco-friendly nature and specificity. α-amylase is one of the top commercial enzymes of industrial importance. It hydrolyzes internal α (1, 4) glycosidic linkages in polysaccharides and yields oligosaccharides of varying length. The aim of present study was to clone and express α-amylase from a novel specie Enterobacter xiangfangensis. Amplified product was cloned by A and T overhangs and transformed into cloning host; E. coli DH5α cells. Gene encoding α-amylase (1488bp) was sequenced to confirm the adequate amplification, digested with BamH1 and Xho1, cloned into expression vector; pET28b (+) and transformed into expression host; E. coli strain BL21 CodonPlus (DE3) cells.
The expression of α-amylase was induced by IPTG and optimized with varying IPTG concentrations and its induction intervals. The maximum expression was observed after 8 hours of 1mM IPTG induction. The results showed that α-amylase from novel specie, Enterobacter xiangfangensis has a potential to expresses itself in heterologous expression system so this recombinant α-amylase is ray of hope for enormous downstream applications.
Effect of mastitis incidence on litter size, litter weight, and milk composition of rabbit does
Authors: Ludwiczak Agnieszka , Składanowska‐Baryza Joanna , Sell‐Kubiak Ewa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effect of mastitis incidence on the litter size, litter birth weight, and milk composition of Hycole does on a commercial rabbit farm during their third and fourth parity. At third parity does were assigned to the “No mastitis” (n = 30) and “Mastitis” (n = 28) groups on the basis of visible abscesses in the mammary gland area. The microbiological analysis revealed the presence of different pathogenic bacteria. At third parity, “Mastitis” females had fewer kits than the “No mastitis” group, and the average birth weight was lower. On day 2 of the third lactation, “Mastitis” does produced significantly less milk daily compared with the “No mastitis” group. A significant effect on the incidence of mastitis on the litter size and litter weight during the growth of kits up to the 35th day was also observed. The effect of the incidence of mastitis on milk chemical composition was limited. At the fourth parity, the litter characteristics and daily milk yield were leveled in “Mastitis” and “No mastitis” females. To conclude, our study showed that mastitis negatively affects litter size, birth weight, and daily milk yield in the current parity. However, early detection and proper treatment allowed to obtain good reproductive results and healthy kits in the next parity.
Pomegranate fallen leaves as a source of natural dye for mordant‐free dyeing of wool
Authors: Haji Aminoddin , Shahmoradi Ghaheh Fatemeh , Indrie Liliana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe application of metal mordants is usually necessary in dyeing of wool with natural dyes to improve the dye exhaustion and fastness properties. The majority of metal salts generally used as mordants are considered as toxic and it is important to find replacements for them. Plant sources with high content of tannins are good candidates as bio‐mordant or colourant to overcome this drawback. In this study, the waste fallen leaves of pomegranate tree were used as a source of natural dye for the eco‐friendly dyeing of wool fabric without the use of metal mordants. The dyeing process variables including dye concentration, dyebath pH, and temperature were optimised using response surface methodology to obtain the highest colour strength. The colour strength was increased by increasing the natural dye powder up to 100%owf while the optimum pH and dyebath temperature were 4 and 100°C, respectively. The sample dyed under the optimal condition exhibited good fastness properties against washing and light. This study approved the potential of Punica granatum fallen leaves for the dyeing of wool without any mordant, while high fastness properties were obtained.
Application of Bronchoscopic TransParenchymal Nodule Access in tuberculous bronchial occlusion
Authors: Jing Qiusheng , Hu Zhimin , Wu Mingdi , Liu Min , Yu Panli , Sun Ling , Chen Xianxiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBronchoscopic TransParenchymal Nodule Access (BTPNA) technology is mainly used for sampling or ablative treatment of lung parenchymal lesions that cannot be reached by bronchoscopy and its appendages, generally for palliative treatment of some lung tumors. We used BTPNA to treat a 32‐year‐old young woman with pulmonary tuberculosis and successfully perforated her occluded left main bronchus. Her left atelectasis was recovered, and a silicone stent was inserted to preserve the shape of the left main bronchus.
Genome‐wide association study and genomic prediction for intramuscular fat content in Suhuai pigs using imputed whole‐genome sequencing data
Authors: Wang Binbin , Li Pinghua , Hou Liming , Zhou Wuduo , Tao Wei , Liu Chenxi , Liu Kaiyue , Niu Peipei , Zhang Zongping , Li Qiang , Su Guosheng , Huang Ruihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntegrating the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly affecting target traits from imputed whole‐genome sequencing (iWGS) data into the genomic prediction (GP) model is an economic, efficient, and feasible strategy to improve prediction accuracy. The objective was to dissect the genetic architecture of intramuscular fat content (IFC) by genome wide association studies (GWAS) and to investigate the accuracy of GP based on pedigree‐based BLUP (PBLUP) model, genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) models and Bayesian mixture (BayesMix) models under different strategies. A total of 482 Suhuai pigs were genotyped using an 80 K SNP chip. Furthermore, 30 key samples were selected for resequencing and were used as a reference panel to impute the 80 K chip data to the WGS dataset. The 80 K data and iWGS data were used to perform GWAS and test GP accuracies under different scenarios. GWAS results revealed that there were four major regions affecting IFC. Two important functional candidate genes were found in the two most significant regions, including protein kinase C epsilon (PRKCE) and myosin light chain 2 (MYL2). The results of the predictions showed that the PBLUP model had the lowest reliability (0.096 ± 0.032). The reliability (0.229 ± 0.035) was improved by replacing pedigree information with 80 K chip data. Compared with using 80 K SNPs alone, pruning iWGS SNPs with the R‐squared cutoff of linkage disequilibrium (0.55) led to a slight improvement (0.006), adding significant iWGS SNPs led to an improvement of reliability by 0.050 when using a one‐component GBLUP, a further increase of 0.033 when using a two‐component GBLUP model. For BayesMix models, compared with using 80 K SNPs alone, adding additional significant iWGS SNPs into one‐ or two‐component BayesMix models led to improvements of reliabilities for IFC by 0.040 and 0.089, respectively. Our results may facilitate further identification of causal genes for IFC and may be beneficial for the improvement of IFC in pig breeding programs.
Multiaxial low cycle fatigue behavior and life prediction of CP‐Ti under non‐proportional stress‐controlled mode
Authors: Ma Tian‐Hao , Zhou Chang‐Yu , Chang Le , He Xiao‐Hua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultiaxial low cycle fatigue tests under non‐proportional stress (NPSS) controlled mode were performed on commercial pure titanium (CP‐Ti). Strain responses of axial and torsional channels under highly applied stress amplitudes show an initial hardening phenomenon. Non‐proportional hardening coefficient of CP‐Ti is independent of the controlled mode. The critical plane of CP‐Ti under NPSS controlled mode is aligned with the maximum principal stress plane proved by optical microscopy observation. Optimized FSM model and KBM‐PM model with mean axial and torsional strain are established. These models are further integrated into equations related to multiaxial stress ratio with high accuracy of life prediction for CP‐Ti under NPSS controlled mode.
Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand
Authors: Nutiprapun Prapawadee , Hermhuk Sutheera , Nanami Satoshi , Itoh Akira , Kanzaki Mamoru , Marod Dokrak 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs El Niño is predicted to become stronger and more frequent in the future, it is crucial to understand how El Niño‐induced droughts will affect tropical forests. Although many studies have focused on tropical rainforests, there is a paucity of studies on seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs), particularly in Asia, and few studies have focused on seedling dynamics, which are expected to be strongly affected by drought. Seedlings in SDTFs are generally more drought‐tolerant than those in the rainforests, and the effects of El Niño‐induced droughts may differ between SDTF and tropical rainforests. In this study, we explored the impact of El Niño‐induced drought at an SDTF in northern Thailand by monitoring the seedling dynamics at monthly intervals for 7 years, including a period of strong El Niño. The effects were compared between two forest types in an SDTF: a deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF), dominated by deciduous species, and an adjacent lower montane forest (LMF) with more evergreen species. El Niño‐induced drought increased seedling mortality in both the forest types. The effect of drought was stronger in evergreen than in the deciduous species, resulting in higher mortality in the LMF during El Niño. However, El Niño increased seedling recruitment only in the DDF, mainly because of the massive recruitment of the deciduous oak,Quercus brandisiana(Fagaceae), which compensated for the mortality of seedlings in the DDF. As a result, El Niño increased seedling density in the DDF and decreased it in the LMF. This is the first long‐term study to identify the differences in the impacts of El Niño on seedlings between the two forest types, and two leaf habits, evergreen and deciduous, in Southeast Asia. Our findings suggest that future climate change may alter the species composition and spatial distribution of seedlings in Asian SDTFs.
A biased random‐key genetic algorithm for the home health care problem
Authors: Kummer Alberto F. , de Araújo Olinto C.B. , Buriol Luciana S. , Resende Mauricio G.C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHome health care problems consist in scheduling visits to home patients by health professionals while following a series of requirements. This paper studies the Home Health Care Routing and Scheduling Problem, which comprises a multi‐attribute vehicle routing problem with soft time windows. Additional route inter‐dependency constraints apply for patients requesting multiple visits, either by simultaneous visits or visits with precedence. We apply a mathematical programming solver to obtain lower bounds for the problem. We also propose a biased random‐key genetic algorithm, and we study the effects of additional state‐of‐the‐art components recently proposed in the literature for this genetic algorithm. We perform computational experiment using a publicly available benchmark dataset. Regarding the previous local search‐based methods, we find results up to 26.1% better than those of the literature. We find improvements from around 0.4% to 6.36% compared to previous results from a similar genetic algorithm.
Calciphylaxis and its co‐occurrence with connective tissue diseases
Authors: Zhou Yueyuan , Chen Yuehong , Yin Geng , Xie Qibing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCalciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriopathy, is a rare calcification syndrome that presents as ischemic skin necrosis and severe pain. It has a high mortality rate and is characterised by calcification of the small and medium arteries and micro‐thrombosis. Calciphylaxis mainly occurs in patients with end‐stage renal disease. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of cases of calciphylaxis associated with connective tissue diseases. Given the absence of clear diagnostic criteria for calciphylaxis thus far, an early diagnosis is crucial for designing an effective multidisciplinary treatment plan. In this article, we review the research progress on calciphylaxis and describe its characteristics in the context of connective tissue diseases.
Association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and periodontitis: Results from the NHANES 2009–2012 and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Wenjing , Zheng Qiwen , Xu Mingming , Zeng Changqing , Deng Xuliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study sought to investigate associations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) metabolites with periodontitis and to assess causality using Mendelian randomization (MR).Materials and MethodsThis study included 7246 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012. The association of periodontitis with 25(OH)D metabolites was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Two‐sample MR for 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3, and C3‐epi‐25(OH)D3 with periodontitis (n = 17,353 cases/28,210 controls) was conducted. The principal analysis employed the inverse‐variance‐weighted (IVW) approach. We controlled for horizontal pleiotropy using five additional methods.ResultsBased on the observational study, each 1‐point increase in standard deviation of 25(OH)D lowered the risk of periodontitis by 15% (OR = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.93, p = .006) after multivariable adjustment. A similar relationship was observed between 25(OH)D3 and periodontitis (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80–0.97, p = .031). Furthermore, a potential non‐linear association was found between periodontitis and both 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3. However, C3‐epi‐25(OH)D3 was not found to be associated with periodontitis risk. IVW‐MR showed that periodontitis risk was not significantly associated with genetically increased levels of 25(OH)D (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.90–1.16, p = .732), 25(OH)D3 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93–1.17, p = .472), or C3‐epi‐25(OH)D3 (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87–1.41, p = .400). The pleiotropy‐robust MR approaches yielded similar results after we had eliminated the variants with horizontal pleiotropy risk.ConclusionsCross‐sectional observational analysis identified significant relationships between periodontitis with 25(OH)D metabolites, while findings based on MR study did not support a causal role.
Stronger legacy effects of cropland than of meadows or pastures on soil conditions and plant communities in French mountain forests
Authors: Mollier Sylvain , Dupouey Jean‐Luc , Kunstler Georges , Montpied Pierre , Bergès Laurent 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuestionDifferences in understorey vegetation between ancient and recent forests have been thoroughly explored; however, few studies have investigated the legacies of different former land uses in recent forests. Indeed, due to more intense agricultural practices (tillage and fertilisation), legacy effects are expected to be stronger in former cropland or meadows than in former pastures. Our objectives were to compare soil conditions, taxonomic composition and functional composition of understorey plant communities in recent forests located on former pastures, meadows or cropland, with ancient forests as a reference.LocationTarentaise Valley, Savoy, France.MethodsBased on land‐use maps surveyed between 1862 and 1864, we selected 82 forest sites with different former land uses in mountain forests in the French Alps and carried out soil sampling and botanical surveys. To account for potential confounding factors (altitude, canopy cover, tree species composition), we applied multiple linear regressions to analyse soil properties, canonical correspondence analysis to analyse plant taxonomic composition and multispecies generalised linear mixed‐effects models to analyse relationships between plant functional composition and former land uses.ResultsThe soils of former cropland were richer in nutrients and more alkaline compared to other past land uses, while soils on former pastures and meadows differed only slightly from ancient forests. Ancient forests were characterised by acidophilic, shade‐tolerant, low‐stature, forest‐dependent species, whereas former cropland was characterised by calcicolous non‐forest species. Former pasture and meadow communities displayed a distinct taxonomic composition compared to other past land uses, but a functional composition closer to ancient forest than to former cropland.ConclusionFormer cropland has a stronger legacy effect than former pastures or meadows. This could explain small differences between ancient and recent forests observed in previous studies conducted in mountain landscapes where former cropland was rare.
The strength of gender norms and gender‐stereotypical occupational aspirations among adolescents
Authors: Kuhn Andreas , Wolter Stefan C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe empirically test the hypothesis that adolescents' occupational aspirations are more gender‐stereotypical if they live in a region where the societal norm towards gender equality is weaker. For our analysis, we combine rich survey data describing a sample of 1,434 Swiss adolescents who attended 8th grade in 2013 with municipal voting results dealing with gender equality and policy. We find that occupational aspirations predominantly follow gender stereotypes and that adolescents living in municipalities with a stronger norm towards gender equality are significantly less likely to aspire for a gender‐stereotypical occupation, even after controlling for individual‐level controls. At the same time, we also find that the association is surprisingly weak – in the sense that adolescents tend to aspire for gender‐stereotypical occupations even in the most gender‐progressive municipalities. Moreover, a more detailed analysis shows that the association mainly reflects the intergenerational transmission of occupations from parents to their children and/or regional differences in the prevailing occupational structure. We discuss the implications of these findings and several mechanisms that are consistent with the evidence from our analysis.
Quid pro quo
Authors: Yao Zhiyong , Huang Yao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper attempts to shed some new light on two puzzles about Chinese economy: Rapid economic growth despite pandemic corruption; dramatic development of the private sector despite ‘ownership discrimination' in financial resource allocation. In our model, the productive bribe facilitates the more efficient private firm to obtain the scarce financial resource, either from the bank or from the state‐owned enterprise, and corrects the initial allocation distortion. Meanwhile, our model also generates the distortionary and the predatory bribes which hurt the economy.
The load borne by the Achilles tendon during exercise: A systematic review of normative values
Authors: Demangeot Yoann , Whiteley Rod , Gremeaux Vincent , Degache Francis 
Published: October 2022

The Achilles tendon (AT) can be exposed to considerable stress during athletic activities and is often subject to pathologies such as tendinopathies. When designing a prevention or rehabilitation protocol, mechanical loading is a key factor to consider. This implies being able to accurately determine the load applied to the AT when performing exercises that stress this tendon. A systematic review was performed to synthesize the load borne by the AT during exercises/activities. Three databases (Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane) were searched for articles up to May 2021, and only the studies assessing the AT load in newtons relative to body‐weight (BW) on humans during activities or exercises were included. Most of the 11 included studies assessed AT load when running or walking (N = 10), and only three tested exercises were usually performed during rehabilitation. The load on the tendon ranged from 2.7 to 3.95 BW when walking, from 4.15 to 7.71 BW when running, and from 0.41 to 7.3 BW according to the strengthening exercise performed. From the collected data, a progression of exercises progressively loading the Achilles tendon, as well as the possible connections with walking and running activities, could be defined. However, the trends highlighted in the relationship between tendon loading and walking or running speeds present some inconsistencies. Further research is still needed to clarify them, but also to complete the data set in healthy and injured people.