bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From diversification resistance to sustainable diversification: lessons from the UAE's public policy shift
Authors: El Anshasy Amany A. , Khalid Usman 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis paper critically analyses major shifts in the UAE's public and economic policy, particularly examining the transition from oil dependency to diversification and then to sustainability and resilience. It aims to provide insight into the facilitators, inhibitors and future of sustainable development in the UAE.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews evidence on diversification resistance, the resource trap and sustainable development, and draws attention to the dynamics of policy reform in the UAE, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate that not all patterns of diversification result in sustainable development and resilient economies. The evidence also suggests that achieving sustainable and resilient growth does not necessarily come at the cost of economic prosperity. After decades of extraordinary diversification, the UAE's economic policy has undergone a paradigm shift. Years of fluctuating oil revenues, increasingly globalised markets, environmental obligations and significant recent structural changes in energy markets have paved the way for a new emphasis on sustainable diversification and economic resilience.Originality/valueThe paper provides novel insight on the UAE's transition to a sustainable and resilient economy and contributes to the current public policy debate about the future of economic policies in the UAE on sustainable diversification initiatives and the trade-offs that emerge from embracing sustainable diversification and economic resilience goals.
A framework for sustainability reporting
Authors: Abeysekera Indra 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
A sustainability reporting framework must demonstrate that resources are fairly bought and used to support diverse life on earth within habitable ranges. The purpose of this paper is to propose a principle-based sustainability reporting framework that measures, audits and reports based on sustainability outcomes and impacts as part of the corporate reporting framework.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper draws on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) and targets for preparing a reporting framework. It uses Gaia Theory and the Theory of Distributive Justice constructs that align with sustainable development principles to delineate a reporting approach.

Findings
Frameworks that promote sustainability reporting have increasingly embraced UN SDGs but overly focus on performance promoting inter-firm comparisons. This framework introduces principle-based sustainability reporting where firms demonstrate their chosen contribution to sustainable development using 17 UN SDGs as goal posts.

Research limitations/implications
This conceptual paper presents theoretical constructs that future research can empirically validate to enhance sustainability reporting.

Practical implications
This principle-based sustainability reporting framework is implementable for corporate reporting, where sustainability reporting integrates with the financial and economic intellectual capital reporting frameworks.

Social implications
This framework highlights the importance of acquiring and using resources to distribute justice and fairness. It is a joint project between firms and stakeholders.

Originality/value
This framework promotes integrated thinking for firms to engage in principle-based sustainability reporting and provides a roadmap for sustainability reporting using the SDG Compass logic model.
Effects of multiple targeted repelling measures on the behaviour of individually tracked birds in an area of increasing human–wildlife conflict
Authors: Heim Wieland , Piironen Antti , Heim Ramona Julia , Piha Markus , Seimola Tuomas , Forsman Jukka T. , Laaksonen Toni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Some animal populations are rapidly increasing in numbers and expanding their ranges, leading to intensified human–wildlife conflicts. A wide range of tools has been developed to repel animals from areas where they are suspected to cause damage. For waterfowl, direct comparisons of multiple repelling methods have so far focused only on species´ presence, total numbers, cost effectiveness or subsequent damage assessments, but not on individual behaviour.

Here, we investigated the individual responses of free‐flying geese to three repelling methods using high‐resolution tracking data. In an experimental setup, tracked individuals were repelled by human approach, gunshot sound or handheld lasers.

We found that repelling success and return time to the field where the repelling took place increased when individuals were repelled multiple times. Travel distances after the repelling events were longer after human approach and gunshot sound compared to the handheld laser treatments. In spring, the probability to return to the same field was higher after repelling with handheld lasers, but no difference between treatments was evident in autumn. We observed no increase in the probability to visit accommodation fields, where geese were allowed to forage and were not repelled, after the repelling events.

Synthesis and applications. We found no strong differences between the three methods regarding the repelling effectiveness and the resulting behaviour of the tracked geese. However, the higher return rates of individuals after repelling with handheld lasers in spring suggest that this method might be less effective in situations with bright sunlight or very large aggregations of geese. Apart from these limitations, we can recommend handheld lasers for repelling as they might reduce energetic losses for the geese and disturbance of non‐target wildlife. Since repelling by gunshot sound and handheld lasers was twice as fast as repelling by human approach, those methods will reduce working hours by 50% and therefore be more cost‐effective in practice.
Common facultative endosymbionts do not influence sensitivity of cereal aphids to pyrethroids
Authors: Leybourne Daniel J. , Melloh Petra , Martin Emily A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cereal aphids, including the bird cherry‐oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, and the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, can transmit viruses that significantly reduce crop yields. To mitigate against yield losses, insecticides are routinely used to manage aphid populations.
Aphids can form relationships with endosymbionts that confer fitness benefits or consequences to the aphid. Recent artificial inoculation experiments indicate that endosymbionts could increase aphid susceptibility to insecticides, but this has not been explored using aphid populations naturally infected with endosymbionts.
Here, we sampled aphids from an important cereal production region in Lower Saxony, Germany. We characterized the endosymbiont profile of these aphid populations and conducted pyrethroid dose–response assays to test the hypothesis that facultative endosymbionts increase aphid susceptibility to insecticides.
We find that the level of insecticide susceptibility is highly variable in S. avenae and we identify populations that are sensitive and tolerant to pyrethroids, including populations collected from the same field. For R. padi, we find evidence for decreased sensitivity to pyrethroids, representing the first report of reduced sensitivity to pyrethroids in R. padi sampled from Central Europe.
We detected high endosymbiont infection frequencies in the aphid populations. 84% of aphids carry one facultative endosymbiont and 9% of aphids carry two facultative endosymbionts. We detected associations with Regiella insecticola, Fukatsia symbiotica, and Hamiltonella defensa. However, we do not identify a link between endosymbiont infection and insecticide susceptibility, indicating that other factors may govern the development of insecticide resistance and the need for alternative management strategies.
The place of probability distributions in statistical learning. A commented book review of ‘Distributions for modeling location, scale, and shape using GAMLSS in R’ by Rigby et al. (2021)
Authors: Marmolejo‐Ramos Fernando , Ospina Raydonal , Hernández‐Barajas Freddy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeneralised additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) is a type of distributional regression framework that enables modelling numeric dependent variables via probability distributions other than those of the exponential family. While the cogs behind GAMLSS are provided in Stasinopoulos et al. 2017's book ‘Flexible regression and smoothing using GAMLSS in R, the new book by Rigby et al. considers the distributions implemented in the R software that are usable for GAMLSS modelling. A commented summary of that second book is provided in a supplementary file. Unlike traditional book reviews, two topics in this new book are briefly elaborated on: robustness (Chapter 12) and shape (Chapters 14–16). It is concluded that despite GAMLSS being a powerful and flexible framework for supervised statistical learning, striving for interpretable GAMLSS models is essential.
Uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease highlight a fundamental gap in understanding their detrimental effects on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis
Authors: van Ham Willem B. , Cornelissen Carlijn M. , van Veen Toon A. B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an estimated 700–800 and 523 million cases worldwide, respectively, with CVD being the leading cause of death in CKD patients. The pathophysiological interplay between the heart and kidneys is defined as the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), in which worsening of kidney function is represented by increased plasma concentrations of uremic toxins (UTs), culminating in dialysis patients. As there is a high incidence of CVD in CKD patients, accompanied by arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, knowledge on electrophysiological remodeling would be instrumental for understanding the CRS. While the interplay between both organs is clearly of importance in CRS, the involvement of UTs in pro‐arrhythmic remodeling is only poorly investigated, especially regarding the mechanistic background. Currently, the clinical approach against potential arrhythmic events is mainly restricted to symptom treatment, stressing the need for fundamental research on UT in relation to electrophysiology. This review addresses the existing knowledge of UTs and cardiac electrophysiology, and the experimental research gap between fundamental research and clinical research of the CRS. Clinically, mainly absorbents like ibuprofen and AST‐120 are studied, which show limited safe and efficient usability. Experimental research shows disturbances in cardiac electrical activation and conduction after inducing CKD or exposure to UTs, but are scarcely present or focus solely on already well‐investigated UTs. Based on UTs data derived from CKD patient cohort studies, a clinically relevant overview of physiological and pathological UTs concentrations is created. Using this, future experimental research is stimulated to involve electrophysiologically translatable animals, such as rabbits, or in vitro engineered heart tissues.
Disfluency and self‐repair in presentational and interpersonal speech modalities
Authors: Liao Jianling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current study investigated disfluency and self‐repair in L2 presentational and interpersonal speech to determine whether speech modes may affect L2 self‐repair. Knowledge of self‐initiated repair behavior in L2 speech is particularly relevant for understanding psycholinguistic processes of L2 speech production. Different speech modes, such as presentational and interpersonal speech, may provide distinct psychological and discourse conditions for eliciting speech. Although presentational and interpersonal communicative skills are deemed crucial subskills of L2 ability, little research has examined whether patterns of L2 disfluency and self‐repair may vary between the two speech modes. The current study examined the distributions and rates of different types of disfluency signals, reparanda, and repair strategies manifested in presentational and interpersonal speech by advanced L2 Chinese speakers. The results revealed that in both speech modes, advanced Chinese speakers allocated significant repairing effort to correct lexical items and reformulate messages. The distributions and rates of different types of self‐repair exhibited significant between‐mode differences. The findings indicate that speaking practice through different modes may facilitate the development of L2 speaking skills in different areas. Further research is still needed to examine disfluency and self‐repair in various speech modes and with different L2 proficiency levels and task conditions.
Spleen stiffness in patients with chronic liver disease evaluated by 2‐D shear wave elastography with ultrasound multiparametric imaging
Authors: Hirooka Masashi , Koizumi Yohei , Nakamura Yoshiko , Yano Ryo , Okazaki Yuki , Sunago Koutarou , Imai Yusuke , Watanabe Takao , Yoshida Osamu , Tokumoto Yoshio , Abe Masanori , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe novel 2‐D shear wave elastography (2D‐SWE) can measure two ultrasound parameters: shear wave dispersion (SWD) and shear wave speed (SWS). We investigated the ability of 2D‐SWE in measuring spleen stiffness using ultrasound multiparametric imaging.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included patients with chronic liver disease who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and ultrasonographic examinations of the spleen between September 2018 and December 2021. In total, 157 patients were enrolled in this study: 81 and 67 patients were included in the pilot set for hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements and validation cohort without HVPG measurements, respectively. To confirm reproducibility between the two examiners, an additional 30 patients were enrolled.ResultsThe Bland–Altman plots revealed no significant bias in the SWD as measured by two examiners. The splenic SWS (r = 0.752) and SWD (r = 0.444) were correlated with the HVPG. Regarding high‐risk varices, as per the Youden index, the cut‐off value for splenic SWS was 3.30 m/s, with a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 92.5%, positive predictive value of 85.7%, and negative predictive value of 92.4% in the pilot set. In the validation set, good diagnostic performance by the splenic SWS was observed. However, SWD did not perform as well as SWS.ConclusionsThe splenic SWS, measured using ultrasound multiparametric imaging, was closely correlated with the HVPG. Thus, SWS is a useful predictive marker for high‐risk varices.
Public engagement in decision‐making regarding the management of the COVID‐19 epidemic: Views and expectations of the ‘publics’
Authors: Kemper Sophie , Kupper Frank , Kengne Kamga Sandra , Brabers Anne , De Jong Judith , Bongers Marloes , Timen Aura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn the management of epidemics, like COVID‐19, trade‐offs have to be made between reducing mortality and morbidity and minimizing socioeconomic and political consequences. Traditionally, epidemic management (EM) has been guided and executed attentively by experts and policymakers. It can, however, still be controversial in the public sphere. In the last decades, public engagement (PE) has been successfully applied in various aspects of healthcare. This leads to the question if PE could be implemented in EM decision‐making.MethodsFrom June to October 2020, seven deliberative discussion focus groups were executed with 35 Dutch citizens between 19 and 84 years old. Their views on PE in COVID‐19 management were explored. The deliberative approach allows for the education of participants on the topic before the discussion. The benefits, barriers, timing and possible forms of PE in EM were discussed.ResultsAlmost all participants supported PE in EM, as they thought that integrating their experiences and ideas would benefit the quality of EM, and increase awareness and acceptance of measures. A fitting mode for PE was consultation, as it was deemed important to provide the public with possibilities to share ideas and feedback; however, final authority remained with experts. The publics could particularly provide input about communication campaigns and control measures. PE could be executed after the first acute phase of the epidemic and during evaluations.ConclusionsThis paper describes the construction of an empirically informed framework about the values and conditions for PE in EM from the perspective of the public. Participants expressed support to engage certain population groups and considered it valuable for the quality and effectiveness of EM; however, they expressed doubts about the feasibility of PE and the capabilities of citizens. In future studies, these results should be confirmed by a broader audience.Patient or Public ContributionNo patients or members of the public were involved in the construction and execution of this study. This study was very exploratory, to gain a first insight into the views of the public in the Netherlands, and will be used to develop engagement practices accordingly. At this stage, the involvement of the public was not yet appropriate.
Tooth survival after endodontic treatment
Authors: Fransson Helena , Dawson Victoria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are several measures that are, or could be, in use in relation to estimating the outcome of endodontic treatments. It is important to reflect on when and why a certain outcome measure is used; when caring for an individual patient it is obvious that the goal always should be a tooth in a healthy state, that is striving to remove any infection and aim for the tooth to have healthy periapical tissues. For patients in general and for society, it is also interesting to know if endodontic treatments will lead to retention of teeth in a functioning state. From epidemiological studies, with high prevalence of root filled teeth with periapical radiolucencies, it is implied that dentists and/or patients accept the retention of a root filled tooth with persistent apical periodontitis. In conjunction with an endodontic treatment the prognosis is considered and since the prognostic factors seem to be somewhat different depending on whether one is considering for example the outcome ‘healthy periapical tissues’ or ‘tooth survival’ they are equally important to know. Factors affecting the outcome ‘healthy periapical tissues’ probably has to do with removal of infection and reconstituting the barrier to prevent leakage whilst ‘tooth survival’ is more likely associated with factors outside of the classical endodontic field such as restorability and avoidance of further destruction of tooth substance.ObjectiveThis narrative review will focus on tooth survival after endodontic treatment and root canal treatment will be the focus.MethodThe search was performed in PubMed.ResultsAs a crude estimation, there is to be an annual loss of 2% of teeth which have received a root canal treatment.ConclusionOf the pre‐, peri‐ and postoperative factors that have been studied in conjunction with root canal treatments the restoration of the tooth is the factor that has been most extensively studied. Many studies imply that root filled teeth restored with indirect restorations have a better survival than teeth restored with direct restorations, it is not possible to determine whether this indeed is a prognostic factor.RegistrationNone.
The structural, functional and digestive characteristics of acorn starch after combined debranching and heat–moisture treatment and their relationships
Authors: Wang Ru‐Meng , Xie Qiu‐Tao , Wang Shu‐Ya , Chen Pin , He Ting‐Shi , Zhang Bao 
Published: September 2022

SummaryIn this work, acorn (Quercus suber) starch was first modified by debranching, and then subjected to heat–moisture treatment (HMT) at different temperatures (90 °C, 100 °C and 110 °C). Debranching and HMT could facilitate the aggregation of starch samples. The short‐range order and crystallinity were improved after debranching and HMT. The onset temperature (53.24 °C), peak temperature (63.41 °C), conclusion temperature (75.47 °C) and enthalpy change (11.38 J g−1) of native acorn starch increased after debranching and HMT. The solubility of native acorn starch increased after debranching, whereas the swelling power and freeze–thaw stability decreased. Compared with debranched starch, the freeze–thaw stability increased after HMT, while the swelling power and solubility decreased. Compared with native acorn starch, the water absorption capacity (WAC) was reduced after debranching, while the oil absorption capacity (OAC) was enhanced, and WAC and OAC of the debranched samples decreased after subsequent HMT. The total amount (72.98%, dry basis) of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch of native acorn starch after debranching and HMT increased significantly up to a maximum (80.36%, dry basis). These results indicated that the combination of debranching and HMT could be used as an effective strategy to improve the physicochemical properties of acorn starch.
Effect of the fortification with astaxanthin on the quality parameters and heterocyclic amines content of meatballs
Authors: Bingol Muserref , Brennan Charles , Zeng Maomao , Oz Fatih 
Published: September 2022

SummaryHerein, effects of astaxanthin usage on some quality parameters of meatballs and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) formation were investigated. The water content of meatballs with 1% of astaxanthin exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) lower water content than other groups. The pH values of the samples were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced due to astaxanthin addition; the higher the concentration used, the lower the pH value. Astaxanthin addition improved the oxidative stability and the colour properties of meatballs since the fortified samples exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and L* values and higher a* and b* values than the control samples in a non‐dose dependent manner. Only MeIQx was detected in meatballs cooked at 150 °C, the major compound in the other groups. The total HAAs content of meatballs ranged from 0.18 to 7.28 ng g−1, and it increased with increasing the cooking temperature. Astaxanthin addition inhibited or promoted HAAs formation depending on the cooking temperature. An increase (94–244%) in the total HAAs content was observed in the meatballs cooked at 150 °C, whereas a reduction of 47–54% in the total HAAs of those cooked at 200 °C was observed. Thus, astaxanthin could be recommended in producing of meatballs that will be cooked at 200 °C.
Clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine powder in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds
Authors: Li Fu‐Lei , Wang Gao‐Chao , Wu Bu‐Qiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the clinical application and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) powder in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. Eighty patients with a wound infection were randomly and equally divided into a control group and an observation group. Gauze padding containing furacilin was used to dress the infected wounds of the control group. TCM powder was used to treat the wounds of the observation group. The total response rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P = .017). The colour and exudate volume scores in the observation group were lower than the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < .05). The time to the appearance of new epithelium and time to the wound healing of the burns in the observation group were shorter than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). The TCM powder absorbed a large amount of necrotic tissue and exudate from the wound surface, cleared heat and toxins, and activated blood circulation. It also resolved blood stasis, eliminated pus, and allowed for new skin growth, as well as regenerating muscle.