bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay between ethylene and nitrogen nutrition: How ethylene orchestrates nitrogen responses in plants
Authors: Ma Biao , Ma Tian , Xian Wenhao , Hu Bin , Chu Chengcai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe stress hormone ethylene plays a key role in plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. Nitrogen (N) is the most quantitatively required mineral nutrient for plants, and its availability is a major determinant for crop production. Changes in N availability or N forms can alter ethylene biosynthesis and/or signaling. Ethylene serves as an important cellular signal to mediate root system architecture adaptation, N uptake and translocation, ammonium toxicity, anthocyanin accumulation, and premature senescence, thereby adapting plant growth and development to external N status. Here, we review the ethylene‐mediated morphological and physiological responses and highlight how ethylene transduces the N signals to the adaptive responses. We specifically discuss the N‐ethylene relations in rice, an important cereal crop in which ethylene is essential for its hypoxia survival.
Brassinosteroid signaling positively regulates abscisic acid biosynthesis in response to chilling stress in tomato
Authors: An Shengmin , Liu Yue , Sang Kangqi , Wang Ting , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Yanhong , Xia Xiaojian 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBrassinosteroids (BRs) and abscisic acid (ABA) are essential regulators of plant growth and stress tolerance. Although the antagonistic interaction of BRs and ABA is proposed to ensure the balance between growth and defense in model plants, the crosstalk between BRs and ABA in response to chilling in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a warm‐climate horticultural crop, is unclear. Here, we determined that overexpression of the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF (DWF) or the key BR signaling gene BRASSINAZOLE‐RESISTANT1 (BZR1) increases ABA levels in response to chilling stress via positively regulating the expression of the ABA biosynthesis gene 9‐CIS‐EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE1 (NCED1). BR‐induced chilling tolerance was mostly dependent on ABA biosynthesis. Chilling stress or high BR levels decreased the abundance of BRASSINOSTEROID‐INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), a negative regulator of BR signaling. Moreover, we observed that chilling stress increases BR levels and results in the accumulation of BZR1. BIN2 negatively regulated both the accumulation of BZR1 protein and chilling tolerance by suppressing ABA biosynthesis. Our results demonstrate that BR signaling positively regulates chilling tolerance via ABA biosynthesis in tomato. The study has implications in production of warm‐climate crops in horticulture.
Malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary
Authors: Atwi Doaa , Kamal Maria , Quinton Michael , Hassell Lewis A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMature cystic teratoma is the most common ovarian germ cell neoplasm. Malignant transformation is a rare occurrence, accounting for 1.5%–2% of cases. Malignant changes can arise from any constituent tissue of a teratoma; however, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histologic type seen, followed by adenocarcinoma and sarcoma respectively. Tumor marker concentration levels, age, and the tumor maximum diameter are predictive indicators for malignant transformation. Proper diagnosis includes recognizing the possibility of malignant transformation versus excluding other differential options, such as metastasis. Primary cytoreductive surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the current treatment methods. The aim of the review is to discuss the clinical and pathologic features of malignant transformation within mature cystic teratomas, while reviewing the reported malignant types, differential diagnoses, and treatment options. Data sources include review of pertinent peer‐reviewed literature on malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma and cases seen in authors' institutional practice. Mature cystic teratomas are a commonly encountered benign ovarian tumor. However, the possibility of malignant transformation should remain in consideration, especially with given clinical or pathologic features: increased patient age, tumor size, or tumor marker levels. Thorough sampling of solid tumor foci can help identify malignant components. Awareness and proper diagnosis, along with early detection and clinical management, shows improved patient outcomes.
Latent change modeling of Latino parent–child conflict and pathways to mental health
Authors: Kim HaeDong , Epstein Norman B. , Hancock Gregory R. , Hurtado Ghaffar Ali , Svetaz Maria Veronica , Allen Michele 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis secondary analysis of longitudinal data on Latino immigrant parents applied latent change modeling to investigate the association between within‐family change in parent–child conflict and within‐individual change in parent's psychological distress, and how within‐individual change in parenting stress mediates that association over time.BackgroundImmigrant parents face additional challenges when parenting their children. There is limited research regarding how parent–child conflict may influence parenting stress and parents' overall well‐being, in particular in Latino immigrant families.MethodSecondary analysis was conducted on data from a sample of 344 Latino immigrant parents who participated in a community‐based parenting skills invention. In the original intervention study, they were assigned randomly to intervention or waitlist control groups and assessed at three points: baseline, 4 months (post‐intervention), and a follow‐up 10 months after the baseline assessment.ResultsAcross 4 months, change in parent–child conflict was significantly associated with changes in parenting stress and psychological distress, whereas across 10 months, change in parent–child conflict was only associated with change in psychological distress. The indirect effects through parenting stress were non‐significant. However, participating in the intervention had a protective indirect effect by reducing parenting stress across 4 months and reducing psychological distress across 10 months via change in parent–child conflict.ConclusionChanges in parent–child relations were related to changes in parents' individual well‐being, with those associations varying across different time periods.
A mixed‐methods study of relationship stigma and well‐being among sexual and gender minority couples
Authors: Gamarel Kristi , farrales willi , Venegas Luz , Dilworth Samantha E. , Coffin Lara S. , Neilands Torsten B. , Johnson Mallory O. , Koester Kimberly A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch has documented associations between relationship stigma, relationship quality and adverse health outcomes among sexual and gender minority couples. However, this work focused primarily on one aspect of an individual's or a couple's identity rather than understanding the intersections of multiple, stigmatized social identities. As part of a larger project focused on testing the efficacy of a couples‐based intervention to improve HIV medication adherence, 144 couples completed measures of relationship stigma, relationship quality, mental health, and substance use. A subset of 25 participants completed in‐depth interviews to better understand the phenomenon of relationship stigma and its impact on their relationships. Quantitative results demonstrated that greater relationship stigma was associated with reduced relationship satisfaction and commitment, as well as greater closeness discrepancy and depressive symptoms. Qualitative findings provided nuanced insights into forms of relationship stigma that often intersected with other types of stigma and related forces of social and structural violence. Results also demonstrated the differential impact that relationship stigma had on couples and the ways in which individuals make adjustments to cope with or actively combat societal stigma. Findings illustrate the importance of attending to intersecting forms of stigma in addressing the well‐being of sexual and gender minority couples.
Methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus root augments the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of amoxicillin and clindamycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of bovine origin
Authors: Sannat C. , Hirpurkar S.D. , Shakya S. , Dutta G.K. , Roy M. , Jolhe D.K. , Singh J. , Patyal A. , Rawat N. , Gade N.E. , Tripathi S.M. , Kalim M.O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus root (MHIR) in combination with amoxicillin and clindamycin against biofilm-forming methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from milk samples of mastitic cows. Microdilution susceptibility testing and microtitre plate assays were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of MHIR and antibiotic combinations against MRSA (n = 12). Furthermore, in vitro findings were validated in a murine model. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration of amoxicillin and clindamycin in combination with MHIR were significantly (P &lt; 0·05) lower than when used alone against MRSA. In terms of antibacterial activity, MHIR showed additive interaction (fractional inhibitory concentrationindex &gt;0·5–4) with amoxicillin and clindamycin against all the MRSA isolates, whereas MHIR synergizes (fractional biofilm inhibitory concentrationindex ≤0·5) the antibiofilm activity of amoxicillin and clindamycin against 58·33% and 83·33% of the MRSA isolates respectively. Amoxicillin/clindamycin in combination with MHIR significantly (P &lt; 0·05) reduced disease activity score, and bacterial load and Gram-positive spots in kidney and liver of MRSA-infected mice. The combined efficacy of MHIR and amoxicillin/clindamycin was comparable to clindamycin alone but superior to amoxicillin alone. Hence, the combination of MHIR with amoxicillin/clindamycin is advocated in the treatment of MRSA-associated infections.
Detection of nucleotide modifications in bacteria and bacteriophages: Strengths and limitations of current technologies and software
Authors: Nielsen Tue Kjærgaard , Forero‐Junco Laura Milena , Kot Witold , Moineau Sylvain , Hansen Lars Hestbjerg , Riber Leise 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRNA and DNA modifications occur in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, as well as in their viruses, and serve a wide range of functions, from gene regulation to nucleic acid protection. Although the first nucleotide modification was discovered almost 100 years ago, new and unusual modifications are still being described. Nucleotide modifications have also received more attention lately because of their increased significance, but also because new sequencing approaches have eased their detection. Chiefly, third generation sequencing platforms PacBio and Nanopore offer direct detection of modified bases by measuring deviations of the signals. These unusual modifications are especially prevalent in bacteriophage genomes, the viruses of bacteria, where they mostly appear to protect DNA against degradation from host nucleases. In this Opinion article, we highlight and discuss current approaches to detect nucleotide modifications, including hardwares and softwares, and look onward to future applications, especially for studying unusual, rare, or complex genome modifications in bacteriophages. The ability to distinguish between several types of nucleotide modifications may even shed new light on metagenomic studies.
The green light gap: a window of opportunity for optogenetic control of stomatal movement
Authors: Jones Jeffrey J. , Huang Shouguang , Hedrich Rainer , Geilfus Christoph‐Martin , Roelfsema M. Rob G. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryGreen plants are equipped with photoreceptors that are capable of sensing radiation in the ultraviolet‐to‐blue and the red‐to‐far‐red parts of the light spectrum. However, plant cells are not particularly sensitive to green light (GL), and light which lies within this part of the spectrum does not efficiently trigger the opening of stomatal pores. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of stomatal responses to light, which are either provoked via photosynthetically active radiation or by specific blue light (BL) signaling pathways. The limited impact of GL on stomatal movements provides a unique option to use this light quality to control optogenetic tools. Recently, several of these tools have been optimized for use in plant biological research, either to control gene expression, or to provoke ion fluxes. Initial studies with the BL‐activated potassium channel BLINK1 showed that this tool can speed up stomatal movements. Moreover, the GL‐sensitive anion channel GtACR1 can induce stomatal closure, even at conditions that provoke stomatal opening in wild‐type plants. Given that crop plants in controlled‐environment agriculture and horticulture are often cultivated with artificial light sources (i.e. a combination of blue and red light from light‐emitting diodes), GL signals can be used as a remote‐control signal that controls stomatal transpiration and water consumption.
Death from hunger or thirst? Phloem death, rather than xylem hydraulic failure, as a driver of fire‐induced conifer mortality
Authors: Partelli‐Feltrin Raquel , Smith Alistair M. S. , Adams Henry D. , Thompson R. Alex , Kolden Crystal A. , Yedinak Kara M. , Johnson Daniel M. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryDisruption of photosynthesis and carbon transport due to damage to the tree crown and stem cambial cells, respectively, can cause tree mortality. It has recently been proposed that fire‐induced dysfunction of xylem plays an important role in tree mortality. Here, we simultaneously tested the impact of a lethal fire dose on nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) and xylem hydraulics inPinus ponderosasaplings.Saplings were burned with a known lethal fire dose. Nonstructural carbohydrates were assessed in needles, main stems, roots and whole plants, and xylem hydraulic conductivity was measured in the main stems up to 29 d postfire.Photosynthesis and whole plant NSCs declined postfire. Additionally, all burned saplings showed 100% phloem/cambium necrosis, and roots of burned saplings had reduced NSCs compared to unburned and defoliated saplings. We further show that, contrary to patterns observed with NSCs, water transport was unchanged by fire and there was no evidence of xylem deformation in saplings that experienced a lethal dose of heat from fire.We conclude that phloem and cambium mortality, and not hydraulic failure, were probably the causes of death in these saplings. These findings advance our understanding of the physiological response to fire‐induced injuries in conifer trees.
Herbivore‐induced Ca2+ signals trigger a jasmonate burst by activating ERF16‐mediated expression in tomato
Authors: Hu Chaoyi , Wu Shaofang , Li Jiajia , Dong Han , Zhu Changan , Sun Ting , Hu Zhangjian , Foyer Christine H. , Yu Jingquan 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Herbivory severely affects plant growth, posing a threat to crop production. Calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling and accumulation of jasmonates (JAs) are activated in plant response to herbivore attack, leading to the expression of defense pathways. However, little is known about how the Ca2+ signal modulates JA biosynthesis.

We used diverse techniques, including CRISPR/Cas9, UPLC‐MS/MS and molecular biology methods to explore the role of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 16 in Ca2+ signal‐triggered JA burst during herbivore defense in tomato.

Here we show that simulated herbivory induces GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR LIKE3.3/3.5 (GLR3.3/3.5)‐dependent increases in electrical activity, Ca2+ influx and increases the abundance of CALMODULIN2 (CaM2) and ERF16 transcripts in tomato. The interaction between CaM2 and ERF16 promotes JA biosynthesis by enhancing the transcriptional activity of ERF16, which increases the activation of ERF16 expression and causes expression of LIPOXYGENASE D (LOXD), AOC and 12‐OXO‐PHYTODIENOIC ACID REDUCTASE 3 (OPR3), the key genes in JA biosynthesis. Mutation of CaM2 results in decreased JA accumulation, together with the expression of JA biosynthesis‐related genes, leading to reduced resistance to the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera.

These findings reveal a molecular mechanism underpinning the Ca2+ signal‐initiated systemic JA burst and emphasize the pivotal role of Ca2+ signal/ERF16 crosstalk in herbivore defense.
Contribution of diabetes mellitus to periodontal inflammation during orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Chen Shuo , Huang Danyuan , Zhu Li , Jiang Yukun , Guan Yuzhe , Zou Shujuan , Li Yuyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to clarify the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on inflammatory profile during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and explore potential mechanisms.MethodsOTM models were established in healthy (Ctrl) and DM rats for 0, 3, 7 or 14 days. The tooth movement distance and bone structural parameters were analyzed through micro‐CT. The bone resorption activity and periodontal inflammation status were evaluated through histological staining. RNA sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed genes in force loading‐treated periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) with or without high glucose. The differential expression of inflammatory genes associated with NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) between groups was tested in vitro and in vivo.ResultsDM caused remarkable reduction of alveolar bone height and density around the moved tooth, corresponding with the higher bone resorption activity and inflammatory scores of DM group. For force loading‐treated PDLFs, high glucose induced the activation of inflammatory pathways, including NLRP3. Elevated expression of NLRP3 and cascade molecules (Caspase‐1, GSDMD, and IL‐1β) were validated by RT‐qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry staining.ConclusionsDM alters the inflammatory status of periodontium and affects tissue reconstruction during OTM. NLRP3 inflammasome may involve in diabetes‐induced periodontal changes.
Anesthesia and pain management of pediatric cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Suchar Adam Michael , Lane Joelle , King Ashley Covert , Hayes Andrea A. , Phelps Janey R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has shown to improve survival in patients with extensive or refractory abdominal tumors of many different histologies. Postoperative pain control can be challenging as the surgical procedure is performed through a midline laparotomy incision from xiphoid to symphysis pubis, and patients are usually nothing by mouth for the first 8–10 postoperative days.AimsWe present the anesthetic management and postoperative pain control strategies for cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy using a multimodal, opioid‐sparing, and total intravenous anesthetic technique with a tunneled thoracic epidural.MethodsA single institution retrospective review of anesthetic management, intraoperative fluid and blood administration, and postoperative pain control for pediatric patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy between July 2018 and December 2020 was conducted. We employed a novel anesthetic and analgesia protocol consisting of premedication with gabapentin followed by intraoperative infusions of propofol, dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and cisatracurium. A tunneled thoracic epidural catheter was placed for management of pain.ResultsWe reviewed and analyzed the first 25 patient records. The most common diagnosis was desmoplastic small round cell tumor (n = 12). Median age of patients was 14 years (range 21 months‐22 years). All patients were extubated in the operating room and no patients required reintubation. There were no incidences of acute kidney injury. Epidural infusions were used for a median of 8 days (range 2–14 days). Median postoperative intravenous opioid use (morphine equivalent) through postoperative day 10 was 0.02 mg/kg/day (range 0–0.86 mg/kg/day) administered for a median of 2 days (range 0–17 days). Nine patients (36%) did not require any intravenous opioids in the postoperative period.ConclusionsUtilizing a multimodal, opioid‐sparing, total intravenous anesthetic technique in conjunction with a tunneled thoracic epidural catheter, we were able to avoid the need for postoperative mechanical ventilation and minimize both intraoperative and postoperative opioid requirements.
The polite abuser: Using politeness theory to examine emotional abuse
Authors: Alvarez Cimmiaron F. , Miller‐Ott Aimee E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined how instigators of abuse used emotionally abusive messages to manipulate politeness to attack their partners' face. Additionally, we studied how the people experiencing abuse responded to such messages. Using thematic co‐occurrence analysis (TCA), we analyzed 20 semi‐structured interviews with those who have experienced abuse. Participants reported that instigators of abuse used all three of Austin's (1990) face attack act strategies of (a) bald‐on‐record, (b) on record with inappropriate redress, and (c) off‐record, as well as the emergent strategy of (d) non‐response. Similarly, those who experienced abuse indicated that they used three politeness strategies: (a) bald‐on‐record, (b) positive politeness, and (c) off‐record, and the emergent strategy of (d) not doing the face‐threatening act (FTA). TCA revealed five relationships between instigators' messages and the responses of those who experienced abuse. Finally, we discussed theoretical implications and practical applications.
Development and validation of the perioperative care and user participation (POUP) questionnaire
Authors: Kymre Ingjerd Gåre , PhD Lisbeth Uhrenfeldt , Pedersen Mona Kyndi , Ingstad Kari , Pedersen Preben Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo validate a Perioperative User Participation questionnaire (POUP) that measures elective adult surgical patient experiences and evaluation of the significance of selected perioperative care items.Materials and MethodsA generic perioperative user involvement questionnaire (POUP) was developed in the form of four psychometric scales based on the Fundamentals of Care (FoC) framework. The POUP is designed to capture patients' perceived and subjective importance of selected items of perioperative care. It was developed in Danish and comprehensive Danish–Norwegian translations were conducted. Face and content validation were conducted involving patients and expert nurses. The relevance of items was assessed by 68 patients, and the internal consistency of the scales was calculated.ResultsDanish and Norwegian patients assessed the POUP's face validity, and perioperative expert nurses reported no problems in clarity or ambiguity. However, a few reformulations of the questionnaire texts were suggested. None of the questions were reported as irrelevant or difficult to answer nor was any topic reported missing. Patients assessed all items as relevant, and the internal consistency for the three scales was between 0.8 and 0.9, and no differences between countries were found.ConclusionThe POUP questionnaire has four scales; the items are valid, but the scales need further statistical validation and refinement. At present, the POUP might provide insight into how elective adult surgical patients value the significance of perioperative care.