bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
¿Reproducción o movilidad cultural? Un estudio a partir de distintas dimensiones del capital cultural
Authors: Valdés Manuel T. 
Published: June 2022

La teoría de la reproducción cultural planteada por Bourdieu y Passeron establece que el sistema educativo contribuye a la reproducción de las estructuras sociales a través de su papel en la reproducción de la estructura de capital cultural. No obstante, no existe consenso sobre cómo se transforma el capital cultural en una ventaja educativa o sobre qué alumnos obtienen una mayor rentabilidad del capital cultural, si los de extracción social alta (modelo de reproducción cultural) o baja (modelo de movilidad cultural). En el presente trabajo se emplea información de PISA 2000 sobre el caso español para operacionalizar distintas dimensiones del capital cultural y poner a prueba su productividad para alumnos de diferente extracción social. Los resultados avalan el modelo de reproducción cultural para todos los indicadores de capital cultural, lo que significa que los alumnos de extracción social alta no solo disponen de más capital cultural, sino que obtienen una mayor rentabilidad de cada unidad de capital cultural.
STRENGTH MODEL FOR CALCULATING CENTRALLY COMPRESSED CONCRETE ELEMENTS WITH COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENT, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPACING OF STIRRUPS
Authors: Tamrazyan Ashot , Lapshinov Andrey 
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the relevance of developing techniques for confined elements with FRP reinforcement. The method for calculating centrally confined concrete columns with non-metallic GFRP reinforcement (without regard to its compression work) is proposed for the first time in the Russian Federation. The strength model was developed based on the well-known theoretical model of confined concrete. The article considers the effect of strengthening the concrete core of the columns, which is obtained due to the more frequent placement of both transverse and longitudinal reinforcement. The dependence of the bearing capacity of concrete columns on the strength of the transverse reinforcement material is shown. It was proved that with a decrease in the spacing of the longitudinal reinforcement, the area of ​​the effectively confined concrete core inside the reinforcement cage increases. It was shown that, due to the low compressive modulus of elasticity of the FRP reinforcement, the stress in it will be comparable to the concrete stress. Therefore, the compressive strength of the FRP reinforcement can be neglected in the case of determining the bearing capacity of centrally confined concrete elements. As a result, a strength model for calculating confined concrete elements with FRP reinforcement was proposed, considering the spacing of transverse reinforcement, the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratio, and the strength of the material of transverse reinforcement. The developed strength model can be applied not only for square, but also for columns of round and rectangular sections.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC PILE TESTS IN DIFFICULT GROUNDS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Zhussupbekov Askar , Yessentayev Askar , Kaliakin Viktor , Drozdova Irina 
Published: June 2022

A comparative analysis of the results of field tests to determine the bearing capacity of a pile at the facilitys in the Nur-Sultan city and Petropavlovsk city. The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the results of dynamic and static tests in the two construction site in order to identify the difference in performance. This article provides programs and results of tests with static indentation load and dynamic load on a pile in different two of the construction site under different soil conditions. The results of the comparative analysis are the following: Dynamic tests are needed for a preliminary assessment of the dynamic bearing capacity and the possibility of driving piles in different soil conditions. The bearing capacity of the pile, determined by dynamic tests, is slightly lower than during static tests, the difference between the results is 11 and 17%.
Viruela símica, una infección emergente desatendida.
Authors: López M. Eduardo , Navarro Camila 
Published: June 2022

El virus de la viruela símica estrechamente relacionado al virus de la viruela humana, es una zoonosis endémica de África occidental y central. En los seres humanos, la infección puede provocar una enfermedad similar a la viruela humana, aunque de menor severidad, pese a ello se asocia a una letalidad reportada variable desde menos del 1% al 11%. La transmisión se produce principalmente a través de gotitas respiratorias o contacto directo con el exudado de lesiones. La transmisión persona a persona está bien descrita, tanto comunitaria como nosocomial. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por un pródromo de fiebre, al cual se agrega exantema y linfadenopatía. Dentro de las complicaciones se pueden incluir neumonía, encefalitis y queratitis. No existe un tratamiento aprobado establecido, aunque se incluyen estrategias en base a antivirales y vacunas.
Insulin response to oral glucose and cardiometabolic disease: A Mendelian randomization study to assess potential causality
Authors: Nguyen Anthony , Khafagy Rana , Meerasa Ameena , Roshandel Delnaz , Paterson Andrew D. , Dash Satya 
Published: June 2022

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<p>Mendelian randomization (MR) suggests post-prandial hyperinsulinemia (unadjusted for plasma glucose) increases body mass index (BMI) but its impact on cardiometabolic disease (CMD), a leading cause for mortality and morbidity in people with obesity is not established. Fat distribution i.e. increased centripetal and/or reduced femoro-gluteal adiposity is causally associated with and better predicts CMD than BMI. We therefore undertook bi-directional MR to assess the effect of corrected insulin response (CIR, insulin 30 minutes after a glucose challenge adjusted for plasma glucose) on BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), leg fat, type 2 diabetes (T2D), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), liver fat, hypertension and CAD in people of European descent.</p>
<p>Inverse variance weighted MR suggests a potential causal association between increased CIR and increased BMI (b= 0.048±0.02, p=0.03), increased leg fat (b=0.029±0.012, p=0.01), reduced T2D (b=-0.73±0.15, p=6x10-7, OR 0.48 (0.36-0.64), reduced TG (b=-0.07±0.02, p=0.003) and increased HDL (b=0.04±0.01, p=0.006) with some evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. CIR had neutral effects on WHR (b=0.009±0.02, p=0.69), liver fat (b=-0.08±0.04, p=0.06), hypertension (b=-0.001±0.004, p=0.7, odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) OR 1.00 (0.99-1.01) and coronary artery disease (b=-0.002±0.002, p=0.48, OR 0.99 (0.81-1.21). T2D decreased CIR (b-0.22±0.04, p=1.3x10-7), with no evidence that BMI, TG, HDL, liver fat, hypertension and CAD modulate CIR. </p>
<p>In conclusion, we did not find evidence that increased CIR increases CMD. It might increase BMI with favorable fat distribution, reduce T2D and improve lipids.</p>
INDONESIAN ANTI-TRUST RELAXATION: URGENCY FOR IMPLEMENTATION PROVISION AND ITS CORRELATION WITH GOTONG ROYONG PRINCIPLE
Authors: Tresnawati Tresnawati 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
During the Covid-19 pandemic, numerous jurisdictions have used Anti-Trust Relaxation, also known as Anti-Trust Immunity (ATI) in the United States, recognized as block exemption, authorization, or dispensation in other jurisdictions. Essentially, this ATI states that collaboration between business actors does not always imply an infringement in competition. There are times when cartels and teamwork can be beneficial to the environment. Many businesses have suffered enormous losses because of the Covid-19 outbreak, and they require assistance and support to survive in this unique scenario. Most likely, survival is only possible when business competitors embrace 'gotong royong' or collaboration. Anti-trust immunity, which allows collaboration-usually defined as cartel in normal situation-will be assessed and authorized accordingly by Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU). Another possibility is to include this ATI in the new bill, which would be even more authoritative. On November 2020, KPPU Regulation No. 3 of 2020 on Competition Relaxation was enacted. However, detailed implementation provision will be required in implementation of the Regulation. Keywords: anti-trust immunity; authorization; block exemption; cartel relaxation; dispensation.
HARMONISASI HUKUM KETENTUAN LISENSI WAJIB (COMPULSORY LICENSE) PERLINDUNGAN VARIETAS TANAMAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yunia Pratiwi Arini , Amirulloh Muhamad , Afriana Anita 
Published: June 2022

AbstrakPemberian lisensi wajib PVT yang dilakukan oleh Pengadilan Negeri bukan oleh DJKI, perlu diharmonisasikan dengan ketentuan serupa pada undang-undang bidang KI yang lainnya. Dalam UU Paten misalnya, pemberi lisensi wajib adalah DJKI, mengingat bahwa hal tersebut termasuk merupakan proses hukum administratif, bukan hukum formil terkait penyelsaian sengketa. Hal ini memperlihatkan adanya kewenangan judikatif yang berlebihan (overbodig) karena sampai masuk kepada bidang eksekutif. Penulisan ini bersifat deskriptif analitis, yaitu menggambarkan pengaturan lisensi wajib PVT dalam UU PVT yang harus melalui permohonan kepada Pengadilan Negeri, dan akan dianalisis dengan asas kepastian hukum serta harmonisasinya secara horisotal dengan ketentuan lisensi wajib paten dalam UU Paten. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan penulis yaitu yuridis normatif, dengan mengkaji UU PVT tentang kewenangan pengadilan negeri dalam memberikan lisensi wajib PVT. Artikel ini mengemukakan asas dan teori hukum yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan perubahan ketentuan tentang kewenangan pemberian lisensi wajib dalam UU PVT dari Pengadilan Negeri kepada Kantor PVT yang lebih jelas memisahkan kewenangan lembaga yudikatif dan eksekutif dalam perlindungan PVT. Kata kunci: perlindungan varietas tanaman; lisensi wajib; pengadilan negeri; kantor pvt; kepastian hukum

AbstractThe provision of compulsory PVT licenses carried out by the District Court, not by the DJKI, needs to be harmonized with similar provisions in other IP laws. In the Patent Law, for example, the obligatory licensor is DJKI, considering that this is an administrative legal process, not a formal law related to dispute resolution. This shows the existence of excessive judicial authority (overbodig) because it has entered the executive field. This writing is analytical descriptive in nature, which describes the mandatory PVT licensing arrangements in the PVT Law which must go through an application to the District Court, and will be analyzed with the principle of legal certainty and horizontal harmonization with the provisions of the mandatory patent license in the Patent Law. The approach method used by the author is normative juridical, by reviewing the PVT Law regarding the authority of district courts in granting mandatory PVT licenses. This article proposes legal principles and theories that can be used to make changes to the provisions regarding the authority to grant a compulsory license in the PVT Law from the District Court to the PVT Office which more clearly separates the powers of the judiciary and the executive in the protection of PVT.Keywords: plant variety protection; compulsory license; district court; pvt office; legal certainty
STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK DARI KEGIATAN PERDAGANGAN MELALUI SISTEM ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Febrianti Yuliana Keke , Mutaqqin Zainal , Cahyadini Amelia 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKTujuan dari tulisan ini adalah penulis mencoba memaparkan mengenai strategi pemerintah dalam meningkatkan penerimaan pajak dari kegiatan Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik (PMSE) khususnya di masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020. Penulis juga membahas mengenai kontribusi pengenaan pajak dari kegiatan PMSE di Indonesia terhadap APBN dan manfaat lainnya. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan dari tulisan ini adalah pemerintah memberlakukan PPN dan PPh atau Pajak Transaksi Elektronik untuk aktivitas PMSE untuk meningkatkan penerimaan pajak di masa pandemi Covid-1. Penerimaan pajak dari kegiatan PMSE berkontribusi cukup besar terhadap penerimaan negara dan kebijakan ini juga dapat menciptakan level playing field.Kata kunci: perdagangan melalui sistem elektronik; pajak pertambahan nilai; pajak penghasilan
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is that the author tries to explain the government's strategy in increasing tax revenue from Electronic Trading (PMSE) activities, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic with the issuance of Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020. The author also discusses the contribution of taxation from PMSE activities in Indonesia to the state budget (APBN) and other benefits. The conclusion is that during the Covid-19 pandemic, the government's strategy in increasing tax revenue from PMSE activities is the imposition of Value Added Tax (PPN) on digital products provided by foreign companies consumed domestically and the imposition of Income Tax (PPh) or Digital Services Tax (DST) on PMSE activities conducted by foreign tax subjects with certain criteria. Tax revenue from PMSE activities contributes significantly to state revenue and this policy can also create a level playing field.Keywords: electronic trading; value added tax; income tax
QUO VADIS: PENERAPAN CITIZEN LAWSUIT SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Khoirunnisa Humaira , Choirinnisa Shafa Amalia , Arvy Ilyasa Raden Muhammad 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK
Dalam UUD 1945 menyatakan bahwa setiap orang berhak untuk mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat. Pemberian perlindungan terhadap kepentingan lingkungan hidup salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui hak konstitusional yang dimiliki oleh warga negara, salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan upaya gugatan citizen lawsuit. Citizen lawsuit merupakan upaya warga negara untuk mengajukan gugatan ke pengadilan untuk dan atas nama kepentingan warga negara dan/atau kepentingan publik yang bertujuan untuk melindungi kepentingan warga negara atas terjadinya kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh Penyelenggara Negara. Gugatan citizen lawsuit dalam konteks lingkungan hidup dapat dilakukan agar penyelenggara negara mengeluarkan suatu kebijakan yang bersifat umum agar kelalaian dalam pemenuhan hak warga negara untuk mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat dapat terpenuhi. Pengaturan hukum acara citizen lawsuit di Indonesia belum diatur secara jelas, akan tetapi Langkah ini dapat ditempuh sebagai alternatif untuk menuntut pemenuhan tanggung jawab negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif.
Kata kunci: Citizen Lawsuit; Kelalaian Negara; Lingkungan Hidup

ABSTRACT
In the 1945 Constitution states that everyone has the right to a good and healthy environment. Providing protection to environmental interests one of them can be done through constitutional rights owned by citizens, one of which can be done by efforts to lawsuit citizen. Citizen lawsuit is an attempt by a citizen to file a lawsuit to the court for and on behalf of the interests of citizens and / or public interests aimed at protecting the interests of citizens for the occurrence of losses incurred by state organizers. Citizen lawsuits in the context of the environment can be done so that state organizers issue a policy that is general in nature so that negligence in the fulfillment of the right of citizens to obtain a good and healthy environment can be fulfilled. The legal arrangement of citizen lawsuits in Indonesia has not been clearly regulated, but this step can be taken as an alternative to demand the fulfillment of state responsibilities. This research uses normative legal research methods.
Keywords: Citizen Lawsuit; State Negligence; Environment
REGULASI TATA RUANG PESISIR MELALUI PENDEKATAN KAJIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP STRATEGIS (KLHS) BAGI PERLINDUNGAN TERUMBU KARANG DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zulkarnain Cut Sabina Anasya , Sukarsa Dadang Epi , Priyanta Maret 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian dilakukan atas permasalahan masih tingginya laju kerusakan fungsi terumbu karang akibat berbagai kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam di ruang pesisir, termasuk di wilayah coral triangle Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengidentifikasi dan menentukan keterkaitan dan kedudukan instrumen kajian lingkungan hidup strategis dalam penyusunan rencana tata ruang guna mewujudkan perlindungan terumbu karang ditinjau dari prinsip kehati-hatian. Metode penulisan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, bersifat deskriptif analitis dan analisis data secara kualitatif. Tahap penulisan dilakukan dengan data sekunder menggunakan bahan hukum dan berbagai data sekunder terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KLHS belum menjadi dasar dalam alokasi ruang-ruang dengan fungsi pemanfaatan di pesisir, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan hukum guna menghasilkan KLHS yang mampu menjawab isu-isu spasial dalam penyusunan regulasi tata ruang pesisir Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Tata Ruang Pesisir; Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS); Perlindungan Terumbu Karang

ABSTRACT
The research was conducted on the problem of the high level of damage to the function of coral reefs in the coral triangle area of Indonesia as a result of various uses of natural resources in coastal areas. The purpose of the research is to identify and determine the interrelationships and legal status of Strategic Environmental Assesment (SEA) in the preparation of spatial plans in order to realize coral reef protection in terms of the precautionary principle. The writing method uses a normative juridical approach, analytical descriptive and qualitative data analysis. The writing stage is carried out with secondary data using legal materials and various related secondary data. The results of the study show that the KLHS has not become the basis for the allocation of spaces with utilization function on the coast, so a legal approach is needed to produce a KLHS that is able to answer spatial issues in the legislation of Indonesian coastal spatial regulations.
Keywords: Coastal Spatial Planning; Strategic Environmental Assesment (SEA); Coral Reef Protection
KEDUDUKAN HAK PENGELOLAAN DALAM HUKUM TANAH NASIONAL DIKAITKAN KEPEMILIKAN BARANG MILIK NEGARA/DAERAH
Authors: Dinur Zulfikar Moch , Pujiwati Yani , Wahjuni Sari 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK
Kedudukan hak pengelolaan dalam hukum tanah nasional dirasa belum memberikan kepastian hukum. Hal tersebut tidak terlepas dari pengaturannya yang belum memberikan kepastian hukum khususnya pengaturan mengenai subjek dan kewenangan hak pengelolaan. Dengan berlakunya UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 yang turut pula mengatur tentang hak pengelolaan, perlu ditinjau sejauh mana Undang-Undang tersebut memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang berkenaan dengan hak pengelolaan, khususnya berkenaan dengan objek tanah yang merupakan hak pengelolaan sekaligus juga dikategorikan sebagai Barang Milik Negara/Daerah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 mempertegas kedudukan hak pengelolaan sebagai hak menguasai negara dan akibat hukum dari pengaturan hak pengelolaan dalam UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 terhadap kepemilikan barang milik negara/daerah adalah tidak akan ada dualisme pengaturan terhadap satu objek tanah yang menyangkut hak pengelolaan dan barang milik negara/daerah berupa tanah.
Kata kunci: Hak Pengelolaan ; Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja ; Barang Milik Negara/Daerah.

ABSTRACT
The position of management rights in national land law does not provide legal certainty. this is inseparable from the regulation which does not provide legal certainty, especially the regulation regarding the subject and purpose of management rights. With the enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 which also regulates management rights, it is necessary to review the extent to which the law provides solutions to problems related to management rights, especially with regard to land objects which are management rights and are also categorized as State/Regional Property. The research method used is normative juridical. The results of the study show that Law Number 11 of 2020 emphasizes the position of management rights as rights to control the state and the legal consequences of regulating management rights in Law Number 11 of 2020 on state/regional property ownership is that there will be no dualism in the regulation of one land object concerning management rights. and state/regional property in the form of land.
Keywords: Management Rights; Law number 11 of 2020 regarding job creation; State/Regional Ownership Of Property.
Planned Vulnerabilities? Street Flooding and Drainage Infrastructure in Colonial Dar es Salaam
Authors: Edward Frank 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Technology can be both a problem and a solution in connection with critical events like road flooding in cities. This article explores how roadwork undertaken during German and British colonial rule created a situation which has, ever since, made the city of Dar es Salaam in Tanganyika (now Tanzania) vulnerable to flooding. The article identifies colonial spatial planning, a globally circulating engineering culture, and an undue emphasis on anti-malarial measures as the main causes of the flood vulnerability of roads. After decades of neglect, repeatedly flooded streets made the construction of drainage infrastructure an increasingly necessary preventive solution. Only slowly did drainage become an integral feature of road design, thus decreasing the city’s vulnerability to floods. Drawing on analyses of archival and documentary sources, the article contends that the making of the vulnerability and criticality of roads and drainage systems unfolded within a socio-technical context which reflects colonial structures and terrains in the Global South.
Wells and Boreholes: Resilient Water Provision in Nairobi
Authors: Akallah Jethron Ayumbah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In most Global South cities, the majority of urban residents, especially those in informal settlements, continue to survive off the main infrastructural grid. In Nairobi for instance, over 60% of residents live in informal settlements, defined by widespread squalor and shortage of key infrastructures for everyday living. Despite their existence as unplanned, these informal settlements have witnessed some forms of innovation around alternative technologies for water provision. Through oral and archival sources, this article shows that although large infrastructural systems are critical to urban dwellers, Nairobi’s waterscape has always found its resilience in a quilted landscape of water supply technologies. As part of this quilt, boreholes and wells have long been essential, either as key solutions or as complements to the main supply system. The author explores the development of Nairobi’s centralised formal water supply system from 1899 to date locating inherently built vulnerabilities that are born out of the dependency on large infrastructural systems. He concludes that the centralised piped water supply system is critical hence vulnerable, and that urban resilience for both the poor and rich urban class, is built on alternatives that ensure multiplicity of access and usage.