bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for optimal economic lockdown to contain epidemic
Authors: Tognoli Marco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper describes a Boolean linear programming model to deal with the problem of selecting several economic sectors to be shutdown. The objective function is linear and the constraints are linear inequalities related to the Leontief’s input-output table.The model permits to analyze the feasibility of national economic system in which some elements of the input-output table are setequal to zero.In "On the structure of linear models" at the begining of paragraph X-the Topology of linear systems, Robert Solow wrote properties of being decomposable or indecompasable, acyclic or cyclic are topologica in nature. He means that indecomposablility is basically a property of connectedness.As a consequence, in order to test if a square matrix is decomposable, one can replace its aij elements by 1 and 0, this technique is in use in the analysis of networks.This is what I done to investigate the impact originated by the interruption of several activity as a consequence of a government measure adopted to reduce the risk of contagion.On the other hand, the model can be of support in assigning priorities to sectors which can begradually reopened as the spread of the virus decreases. As observed, a large Lagrange multiplier corresponds to a sector which is relevant in terms of its interdependencies.The model recommends for opening before the closed sectors with large Lagrange multipliers.The present study distinguishes for two aspects. First, linear programming techniques have been widely used in Input-Output model: from the primary and dual formulation of the problem to the analysis of Lagrange multipliers in order to assess the mutual relative importance of sectors.Second, the impact of lockdown is measured in terms of annihilated interdependencies rather than in terms of canceled economic values such as revenues and monetary exchanges. For this reason, the proposed model takes into account the adjacency matrix got from input-output Table rather than the Table itself. This analysis is static in character (it is a static I-O model) because it does not take care explicitly of time, quantity and price reactions, consumption and production lags, growth of final demand (these ones are known as dynamic I-O models). The study simply considers the interruption of several activity as a consequence of a government measure adopted to reduce the risk of contagion.The proposed model answers to the basic question if the annihilation of N sectors is feasible, secondary the model identifies in the Lagrange multipliers the means to sequencing the sectors to be reopened.
Influence of Forced Online Distance Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Perceived Stress of Postsecondary Students: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Šorgo Andrej , Crnkovič Nuša , Gabrovec Branko , Cesar Katarina , Selak Špela 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundOne of the most significant changes in the majority of postsecondary educational institutions was the closure of those institutions and the shift of educational activities to online distance learning formats as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Closure combined with forced online distance education (FODE) was a cure with many side effects, 1 of them being the effect on students’ mental health and, more specifically, levels of stress. Due to the novelty of the situation, there have been no studies so far designed to link satisfaction with online study, feelings toward the study obligations, and stress among students.ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to assess the perceived stress of Slovenian postsecondary students in order to identify the online study–related factors affecting or acting as a covariate during the COVID-19 lockdown.MethodsData collection was conducted through a self-reported survey as part of a large cross-sectional study based on data collected from postsecondary students from a number of higher educational institutions. The random sample consisted of 4455 individuals. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), Satisfaction with Online Study Scale (SAT-5), and Feelings Towards Study Obligations Scale (FETSOS) were used to assess the constructs and the relations observed within the study.ResultsThe results indicate that more than half of all respondents reported high levels of stress. The difference in the reported levels of perceived stress between genders were statistically significant (N=4454, F2=56.719, P<.001, Cohen d=0.35). Overall, the results suggest that a decline in the motivation to study, the quality of internet and mobile connections, and the presence of distracting factors in the study space were the 3 main factors related to the students’ negative emotions as associated with the timeliness, performance, and quality of the study obligations. Furthermore, the results show that the level of satisfaction with online study affected stress such that the higher the satisfaction, the lower the stress. Moreover, the more positive feelings connected with the timeliness, performance, and quality of the study obligations that the students felt, the more satisfaction they reported with online study and, thus indirectly, lower stress and less negative feelings.ConclusionsThe findings of this study call for implementing structures and measures targeted at stress reduction, working conditions, and pedagogy with regard to FODE.
Struktur Histologi Insang pada Combtooth blennies (Blenniidae) di Pantai Krakal, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Zayzda Muhammad Zuchri , Retnoaji Bambang 
Published: February 2022

Blenniidae adalah famili ikan yang ditemukan di ekosistem pesisir seperti zona intertidal. Gunung Kidul memiliki banyak pantai kars dengan kesamaan dalam kondisi dan formasi geologi. Keanekagaman dan histologi Blenniidae di Gunung Kidul, terutama di Pantai Krakal, masih belum banyak dipelajari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui morfometri serta struktur histologi respirasi anggota famili Blenniidae yang ditemukan di pantai Krakal. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pantai Krakal dengan metode pengambilan sampel bebas. Sampel kemudian dibawa ke Laboratorium Struktur Perkembangan Hewan untuk diukur dan dibedah. Sebanyak 3 spesies dengan masing-masing 5 sampel ditemukan di zona intertidal pantai Krakal. Dari pengamatan morfometrik, ditemukan bahwa Istiblennius edentulus dengan Istiblennius dussumeri memiliki rata-rata rasio morfometri yang berbeda sementara Istiblennius lineatus memiliki rata-rata rasio morfometri yang sama dengan Istiblennius edentulus dan Istiblennius dussumeri. Hasil pengamatan struktur histologis insang tidak menunjukan adanya perbedaan jaringan penyusun insang antar spesies ikan, yang tersusun oleh lamella primer (1), lamella sekunder (2), sel eritrosit (3), sel pilar (4), sel epitel (5), sel mukus (6), dan sel klorit (7). Struktur insang tiap spesies ikan ini sesuai dengan kondisi habitat berupa udara terbuka sehingga dapat memperluas area respirasi dan menyimpan air di dalam insang.
Implementation of Tabligh As Prophetic Leadership of Muhammadiyah Through Political Movement
Authors: Eraswati Rika , Ervina Rina , Romelah Romelah 
Published: February 2022

One of the forces of civil society that is always present and makes a real contribution to the progress of Indonesian politics is the Islamic mass organization Muhammadiyah. In order to achieve the aspired goals, the Muhammadiyah leadership model exists as the basis or ideology in achieving such goals, especially in Muhammadiyah's contribution to national legal politics. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Tabligh as prophetic leadership of Muhammadiyah in its role as a political movement to influence the national political process. This paper was built based on a literature review. Indonesia is a democratic country and Muhammadiyah was born as a political movement in influencing the national political process. It is a form of citizen aspirations that was formed using an association of groups or organizations as guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution. Muhammadiyah, in their every struggle including in national politics, always uses its identity or ideology as a da'wah organization based on "amar ma'ruf nahi munkar" that is sourced from the Qur'an and Sunnah. Muhammadiyah implements the nature of Tabligh in carrying out its role as a political movement which is to always criticize any regulations that are contrary to the truth or that will bring harm to society. Muhammadiyah is not in a coalition with the government or with any political party, but Muhammadiyah has always supported policies that lead to the benefit of society.
Nativos e inmigrantes digitales: ¿cómo aprendemos y enseñamos?
Authors: Leymonié Julia 
Published: February 2022

La educación juega un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de una sociedad. Es por eso que los sistemas educativos deben estar atentos a las características del momento histórico, a las demandas sociales, a los intereses de los ciudadanos y a las metas que la sociedad se propone alcanzar. En este artículo trataremos de motivar la reflexión del lector acerca del impacto de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) sobre las formas de enseñar y de aprender en la universidad. La mirada no es objetiva, sino que proviene de alguien que adhiere a la idea de que los jóvenes desarrollan útiles e interesantes competencias comunicativas en contextos informáticos y digitales que, lamentablemente, no tienen oportunidad de usar dentro de las aulas.
Texto de Gabriela Onetto. <i>Amores de Café</i>
Authors: Onetto Gabriela 
Published: February 2022

El ómnibus me dejó en Benito Blanco y Bulevar España. Bajé hacia la rambla con mi oficina a cuestas —un fajo de mails impresos y garabateados, varios rollers, resaltador rosado y amarillo, lentes—, casi teledirigida hacia el café de la librería Yenny. A esa hora, todavía estaría a salvo de las señoras de Pocitos que se juntan a tomar el té y a hablar por celular, con el beneficio no menor de disponer, para mí solita, de casi todas las mesas junto a los amplísimos ventanales.
Comunicar desde lo público: enfoques y perspectivas
Authors: Martorelli Lucía , Ponce Matías 
Published: February 2022

Uno de los tantos significados que podemos darle al término comunicación es el de crear comunidad. No obstante, no todas las comunidades son iguales. Para el tema que nos interesa, podemos diferenciar aquellas comunidades que se guían por intereses privados y aquellas que buscan intereses colectivos. Los asuntos públicos obligan a elaborar una estrategia distinta a la comunicación de las empresas privadas. El sector público y los actores políticos demandan una gestión comunicacional que se convierta en un aporte para mejores políticas públicas y la contribución a la calidad del régimen democrático.
Texto de Matilde Campodónico. <i>Una foto</i>
Authors: Campodónico Matilde 
Published: February 2022

Mamá me dice que encontró una foto. Era de octubre del 84. Papá y ella están sentados en un sillón. Mamá dice que ve la foto y recuerda exactamente lo que sentía esa tarde. Se mira y encuentra en ella la desprotección, el no saber. Papá mira y dice que en realidad él no recuerda esa sensación. Recuerda más bien haber comido mucho y haber tomado vino. Ambos reconstruyen a partir de la misma imagen historias completamente distintas. No son más que dos personas sentadas en un sillón. Eso es lo que veo yo.
Los comienzos de la fotografía en Uruguay
Authors: Giaimo Mariangela 
Published: February 2022

La importancia de este libro radica en varios motivos. El primero consiste en su belleza como objeto, fruto de una cuidadosa edición gráfica de 290 imágenes. El segundo, en que su contenido es inédito para el estudio de la fotografía en Uruguay y aporta un profundo análisis de esta práctica; el tercero es que su contribución se da en el entrecruzamiento de miradas disciplinarias con una apuesta al enriquecimiento del estudio de las imágenes.
Reportaje fotográfico en soporte multimedia
Authors: Porciúncula Pablo 
Published: February 2022

Concebir reportajes fotográficos en soportes multimedia plantea nuevos desafíos para los fotógrafos. Hay que aprehender nuevos lenguajes y formarse en ellos. Es necesario incursionar en el mundo audiovisual y, sobre todo, mantener en la fotografía la esencia de la narración.Palabras clave: fotografía, reportajes, soportes multimedia.Conceiving multimedia photo reports poses new challenges for photographers. New languages must be apprehended and learnt. It is necessary to venture into the audiovisual world and, above all, maintaining the essence of story-telling in photography.Key words: photography, reports, multimedia.
Superochistas
Authors: Keldjian Julieta 
Published: February 2022

Desde 2006 se lleva adelante en la Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UCU) un espacio de preservación, investigación, control intelectual y puesta en circulación de los materiales del archivo audiovisual. Allí surgió la iniciativa de investigar la producción cinematográfica en paso Super 8 en la década comprendida entre 1972 y 1982. Aquel cine alejado de la intelectualidad —de raíces populares, con una metodología artesanal y colectiva de trabajo— encontró caminos de circulación alternativos y aún guarda sorpresas para los estudios sobre cine. La presente investigación, desarrollada por Julieta Keldjian y Macarena Fernández, está apoyada por el programa de fondos concursables para el Fortalecimiento Académico a la Docencia (FAD) edición 2011, que desarrolla la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la UCU. Palabras clave: Cine, Super 8, preservación, archivo audiovisual, 1972-1982Since 2006, Universidad Católica del Uruguay maintains a space for the preservation, research, intellectual control and circulation of the materials from the audiovisual archive. In such space, began the initiative of researching the film production in Super 8 between 1972 and 1982. That cinema, far away from intellectuality of popular origins, with a collective and handcrafted work methodology found alternative circulation paths and still holds surprises for studies on film. This research, led by Julieta Keldjian and Macarena Fernández, is financed by the 2011 competitive funding program “Fortalecimiento Académico a la Docencia (FAD)” and supported by the university's Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Key words: Film, Super 8, preservation, audiovisual archive, 1972-1982.
La ciencia y el periodismo especializado
Authors: Hirschfeld Daniela 
Published: February 2022

La ciencia jamás fue divulgada por tantos canales como ocurre en la actualidad. Este fenómeno que ya comenzó hace años generó, entre otros impactos, que la gente incorpore conocimiento científico casi sin notarlo. Los medios masivos juegan un papel central, pero su labor ha estado en el centro del debate casi desde el inicio de este proceso en auge. Una de las discusiones tiene como protagonista a la figura del periodista científico —como profesional especializado—, su trabajo y su función. ¿Es su labor “traducir saberes” al servicio de los investigadores? Y a partir de esa cuestión, ¿debe tener un papel crítico o limitarse a presentar los hechos? En el debate seguramente no hay una única respuesta, pero este artículo presentará una mirada del tema desde la visión de la práctica periodística, en especial de la prensa escrita, para analizar la función, el objetivo y las complejidades del mundo del periodismo científico.Palabras clave: periodismo científico, periodismo especializado, información periodística, prensa escrita, traducción.Science was never disseminated through so many channels as today. This phenomenon, which began years ago, has caused people to integrate scientific knowledge almost without noticing it, among other effects. The media play a central role, but their work has been at the center of the debate nearly since the beginning of this burgeoning process. One of the protagonists of this discussion is the scientific journalist -as a specialized professional-, its work and function. Is this journalist's work to "translate knowledge" on behalf of researchers? Based on this, does this journalist have to play a critic's role or just present the facts? Surely, there is no one answer to this debate, but this article will offer a perspective on this subject from the vision of journalistic practice, especially that of press, to analyze the function, objective and complexities of the world of scientific journalism. Key words: scientific journalism, specialized journalism, journalistic information, press, translation
Ilustración de David de la Mano
Authors: De la Mano David 
Published: February 2022

David de la Mano (Salamanca, 1975) es ilustrador, artista plástico y escultor. Es licenciado en Bellas Artes por la Universidad de Salamanca y técnico superior de Escultura en Piedra por la Escuela de Artes de la misma ciudad.
The Need for More Attention to Jubilee in Daniel 9:24–27
Authors: ULRICH DEAN R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Widely different readings of the prophecy of the 70 sevens in Dan 9 may exist, but the theme of Jubilee that is inherent in the prophecy’s structure has received insufficient emphasis. In particular, previous scholarship has neglected (1) the relationship between the six objectives of Dan 9:24 and the details of Dan 9:25–27 and (2) the relationship between the Antiochene crisis and Jubilee theology. By reviewing previous scholarship on the 70 sevens, this article demonstrates that more work still needs to be done on this controversial passage.
DESCARTES’S SCHISM, LOCKE’S REUNION: COMPLETING THE PRAGMATIC TURN IN EPISTEMOLOGY
Authors: Turri John , Buckwalter Wesley 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Centuries ago, Descartes and Locke initiated a foundational debate in epistemology over the relationship between knowledge, on the one hand, and practical factors, on the other. Descartes claimed that knowledge and practice are fundamentally separate. Locke claimed that knowledge and practice are fundamentally united. After a period of dormancy, their disagreement has reignited on the contemporary scene. Latter-day Lockeans claim that knowledge itself is essentially connected to, and perhaps even constituted by, practical factors such as how much is at stake, how important the situation is, or how one should act. Latter-day Cartesians claim, by contrast, that knowledge is entirely constituted by truth-related factors such as truth, belief, and evidence. Each side has supported its case with claims about patterns in ordinary behavior and knowledge judgments. Lockeans argue that these patterns are best explained by positing a fundamental and direct link between knowledge and practical factors. Cartesians argue that the patterns can be equally well explained by positing an indirect link, entirely mediated by the traditional factors of truth, belief, and evidence, thereby rendering the Lockean hypothesis unnecessary. We argue that Cartesians are right about some practical factors, in particular stakes and how important a situation is, which have, at best, a modest indirect relationship to knowledge. However, Lockeans are right about actionability: whether a person should pursue a course of action is powerfully and directly connected to knowledge.
SAFETY’S SWAMP: AGAINST THE VALUE OF MODAL STABILITY
Authors: Gardiner Georgi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An account of the nature of knowledge must explain the value of knowledge. This paper argues that modal conditions, such as safety and sensitivity, do not confer value on a belief, and so any account of knowledge that posits a modal condition as a fundamental constituent cannot vindicate widely held claims about the value of knowledge. The implications for epistemology are explained: One must either eschew modal conditions as a fundamental constituent of knowledge, or retain the modal conditions but concede that knowledge is not more valuable than that which falls short of knowledge. This second horn—concluding that knowledge has no distinctive value—is unappealing since it renders puzzling why so much epistemological theorizing focuses on knowledge, and why knowledge seems so important.
AUDIOPHILE AESTHETICS
Authors: Hales Steven D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
What little work has been done on high fidelity/audiophile aesthetics uniformly agrees that the aesthetic aim of high fidelity is to achieve maximum transparency—the degree to which the listening experience is qualitatively identical to hearing the live instruments. The present paper argues that due to modern recording techniques, transparency is often impossible and may not be the proper aesthetic goal even in cases of documentary recordings. Instead, audiophilia should be understood as a broadly pluralist artistic endeavor that aims at an idealized generation of a musical event. This positive conception serves to explain away certain debates among audiophiles themselves.
HOPE(S) AND HOPEFULNESS
Authors: Kadlac Adam 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Those who have discussed hopefulness as a general quality of character have tended to regard it as something importantly different from the maintenance of particular hopes about the future. I contend that this approach is mistaken and that we should instead regard one as hopeful to the degree that one nurtures a specific hope, namely, the hope that the future will be good. Thus, rather than attempting to locate hopefulness in personality traits that do not directly concern the maintenance of particular hopes, I instead argue that nurturing the hope for a good future is sufficient to ground many of the other qualities that we associate with hopeful people.
REPRESENTATIONALISM AND SENSORY MODALITIES: AN ARGUMENT FOR INTERMODAL REPRESENTATIONALISM
Authors: Bourget David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Intermodal representationalists hold that the phenomenal characters of experiences are fully determined by their contents. In contrast, intramodal representationalists hold that the phenomenal characters of experiences are determined by their contents together with their intentional modes or manners of representation, which are nonrepresentational features corresponding roughly to the sensory modalities. This paper discusses a kind of experience that provides evidence for an intermodal representationalist view: intermodal experiences, experiences that unify experiences in different modalities. I argue that such experiences are much easier to explain on the intermodal view.
THE ASYMMETRY THESIS AND THE DOCTRINE OF NORMATIVE DEFEAT
Authors: Goldberg Sanford C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is widely considered a truism that the only evidence that can provide justification for one’s belief that p is evidence in one’s possession. At the same time, a good many epistemologists accept another claim seemingly in tension with this "truism," to the effect that evidence not in one’s possession can defeat or undermine the justification for one’s belief that p. Anyone who accepts both of these claims accepts what I will call the asymmetry thesis: while evidence in one’s possession can either enhance or detract from justification, evidence not in one’s possession can only detract from it. The asymmetry thesis is not uncontroversial; but any epistemologist who endorses the doctrine of normative defeat will be under tremendous pressure to accept it. In this paper I try to motivate the asymmetry thesis in two steps: first, by appeal to a feature that assessments of justification share with evaluative assessments generally, according to which we can distinguish generic expectations in play from the explicit criteria for satisfying the relevant evaluative standard; and second, by arguing that when it comes to epistemic assessments, the generic expectations themselves derive from our roles as epistemic agents in communities in which we depend on one another for knowledge.