bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology‐based dissection of the underlying mechanisms of dyspnoea induced by zedoary turmeric oil
Authors: Yang Zhirui , Wang Zhenzhen , Li Jiangling , Long Jianglan , Peng Cheng , Yan Dan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZedoary turmeric oil (ZTO) has been widely used in clinic. However, the unpleasant induced dyspnoea inevitably impedes its clinical application. Thus, it is urgent to elucidate the mechanism underlying the ZTO‐induced dyspnoea. In this study, network pharmacology was firstly performed to search the clue of ZTO‐induced dyspnoea. The key target genes of ZTO‐induced dyspnoea were analysed using GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. GO analysis suggested that haem binding could be a key molecular function involved in ZTO‐induced dyspnoea. Hence, the haemoglobin (Hb) was focused for its oxygen‐carrying capacity with haem as its critical component binding to the oxygen. Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrum indicated that the ZTO injection (ZTOI) perturbed the Soret band of Hb, suggesting an interaction between ZTO and Hb. GC–MS analysis revealed that β‐elemene, germacrone, curdione and furanodiene were main components of ZTOI. Molecular docking was used to illustrate the high affinity between representative sesquiterpenes and Hb, which was finally confirmed by surface plasmon resonance, suggesting their potential roles in dyspnoea by ZTO. Following a network pharmacology‐driven strategy, our study revealed an intervened Hb‐based mechanism underlying the ZTO‐induced dyspnoea, providing a reference for elucidating mechanism underlying adverse drug reactions of herbal medicines in clinic.
Pregnant women with bipolar disorder who have a history of childhood maltreatment: Intergenerational effects of trauma on fetal neurodevelopment and birth outcomes
Authors: Babineau Vanessa , McCormack Clare A. , Feng Tianshu , Lee Seonjoo , Berry Obianuju , Knight Bettina T. , Newport Jeffrey D. , Stowe Zachary N. , Monk Catherine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesIntergenerational transmission of trauma occurs when the effects of childhood maltreatment (CM) influence the next generation's development and health; prenatal programming via maternal mood symptoms is a potential pathway. CM is a risk factor for bipolar disorder which is present in 1.8% of pregnant women. Mood symptoms are likely to increase during pregnancy, particularly for those with a history of CM. We examined whether there was evidence for intergenerational transmission of trauma in utero in this population, and whether maternal mood was a transmission pathway.MethodsCM and maternal mood were self‐reported by N = 82 pregnant women in treatment for bipolar disorder. Fetal heart rate variability (FHRV) was measured at 24, 30, and 36 weeks' gestation. Gestational age at birth and birth weight were obtained from medical charts.ResultsA cluster analysis yielded two groups, Symptom+ (18.29%) and Euthymic (81.71%), who differed on severe mood symptoms (p < 0.001) but not on medication use. The Symptom+ group had more CM exposures (p < 0.001), a trend of lower FHRV (p = 0.077), and greater birth complications (33.3% vs. 6.07% born preterm p < 0.01). Maternal prenatal mood mediated the association between maternal CM and birth weight in both sexes and at trend level for gestational age at birth in females.ConclusionsThis is the first study to identify intergenerational effects of maternal CM prior to postnatal influences in a sample of pregnant women with bipolar disorder. These findings underscore the potential enduring impact of CM for women with severe psychiatric illness and their children.
The impact of parents’ smartphone use on language development in young children
Authors: Morris Amanda J. , Filippetti Maria Laura , Rigato Silvia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSmartphone use is ubiquitous in the lives of parents, and an emerging area of research is investigating how parental smartphone use during parent–child interactions affects children’s language outcomes. Findings point toward negative outcomes in language development, but it is less clear what processes affect language outcomes. Gaze following, parental responsiveness, and joint attention are also reduced when parents use their smartphone, and all are critical to language development. In this article, we propose that these factors may mediate the effects of technoference due to parents’ smartphone use on language development in children from birth to 5 years. Because of methodological differences in the limited research conducted on this topic, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions about this proposal. We discuss these considerations and suggest directions for the field.
High resolution species distribution and abundance models cannot predict separate shrub datasets in adjacent Arctic fjords
Authors: Chardon Nathalie Isabelle , Nabe‐Nielsen Jacob , Assmann Jakob Johan , Dyrholm Jacobsen Ida Bomholt , Guéguen Maya , Normand Signe , Wipf Sonja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimImproving species distribution models (SDMs) and species abundance models (SAMs) of woody shrubs is critical for predicting biodiversity changes in the Arctic, which is experiencing especially high warming rates. Yet, it remains relatively unexplored if SDMs and SAMs can explain local scale patterns. We aim to identify predictor differences for the distribution versus abundance of two widespread Arctic shrub species with high resolution models and to compare validation approaches to assess the models’ predictive abilities.LocationNuup Kangerlua (NK) and Kangerluarsunnguaq (K), two adjacent fjords in Southwest Greenland.MethodsWe conducted two separate field surveys in either fjord to construct high resolution (~90 m) SDMs and SAMs forBetula nanaandSalix glauca, analysing the predictive influences of local scale climate, topography and soil moisture indicators. We then alternatively trained and validated models in either NK or K fjord and compared these results with the common split‐sample validation approach. Finally, we assessed if including local scale biotic predictors improves SAM performance.ResultsTemperature extremes and precipitation best predicted the distributions of both species, whereas insolation and soil moisture indicators best predicted abundances. Compared to split‐sample validation, both SDM and SAM performance was substantially reduced with separate survey validation. Regardless of validation approach, models performed poor to moderately well, and including local scale biotic parameters improved SAM performance.Main conclusionsSubstantial differences in model performance between validation approaches highlight the usefulness of using a separate survey for validating model predictive performance. We discuss various factors that might have caused poor model performance, such as not capturing all relevant predictors or enough local scale heterogeneity in predictor or response variables. We emphasise the need to include predictors relevant at the spatial scale of study, such as local scale biotic interactions, for improved predictions at high spatial resolution.
Cathepsin D as biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid of nusinersen‐treated patients with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Schorling David C. , Kölbel Heike , Hentschel Andreas , Pechmann Astrid , Meyer Nancy , Wirth Brunhilde , Rombo Roman ,   the SMArtCARE consortium, Sickmann Albert , Kirschner Janbernd , Schara‐Schmidt Ulrike , Lochmüller Hanns , Roos Andreas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe therapeutic landscape of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has changed dramatically during the past 4 years, but treatment responses differ remarkably between individuals, and therapeutic decision‐making remains challenging, underlining the persistent need for validated biomarkers.MethodsWe applied untargeted proteomic analyses to determine biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of SMA patients under treatment with nusinersen. Identified candidate proteins were validated in CSF samples of SMA patients by Western blot and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, levels of peripheral neurofilament heavy and light chain were determined.ResultsUntargeted proteomic analysis of CSF samples of three SMA type 1 patients revealed the lysosomal protease cathepsin D as a candidate biomarker. Subsequent validation analysis in a larger cohort of 31 pediatric SMA patients (type 1, n = 12; type 2, n = 9; type 3, n = 6; presymptomatically treated, n = 4; age = 0–16 years) revealed a significant decline of cathepsin D levels in SMA patients aged ≥2 months at the start of treatment. Although evident in all older age categories, this decline was only significant in the group of patients who showed a positive motor response. Moreover, downregulation of cathepsin D was evident in muscle biopsies of SMA patients.ConclusionsWe identified a decline of cathepsin D levels in CSF samples of SMA patients under nusinersen treatment that was more pronounced in the group of "treatment responders" than in "nonresponders." We believe that our results indicate a suitability of cathepsin D levels as a possible biomarker in SMA also in older patients, in combination with analysis of peripheral neurofilament light chain in adolescents or alone in adult patients.
Long‐term manipulation of mean climatic conditions alters drought effects on C‐ and N‐cycling in an arable soil
Authors: Leyrer Vinzent , Patulla Marina , Hartung Jens , Marhan Sven , Poll Christian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClimate is changing and predicted future scenarios include both changes in long‐term mean climatic conditions and intensification of extreme events such as drought. Drought can have a major impact on soil functional processes; soil microorganisms, key to these processes, depend on water and temperature dynamics. Consequently, feedback mechanisms regarding microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils may be affected. There are indications that microbial exposure to increasingly unfavorable environmental conditions influences their stress responses. Here, the long‐term field experiment Hohenheim Climate Change (HoCC) provided a research platform to explore how microbial exposure to long‐term reduced water availability and soil warming modifies microbially driven soil processes, especially gas fluxes from soil, both during drought and after rewetting. The HoCC experiment is an agroecosystem in which the soil microbiome has been exposed to reduced annual mean precipitation and elevated temperature since 2008. Treatment levels were chosen based on a realistic future climate scenario. In June 2019, we exposed this system to a drought period of four weeks. We found that even after 11 years, warming remained a driver of CO2 and N2O fluxes across the different soil moisture conditions in our drought experiment. Importantly, however, microbial exposure to long‐term reduced water availability limited the stimulatory effect of warming on gas fluxes during drought and after rewetting. Our results were neither related to a legacy effect within overall microbial biomass carbon levels nor a shift towards enhanced fungal abundance. We found no indications that extracellular enzyme activities or microbial substrate availability explained the gas flux dynamics observed in our drought experiment. Our study indicates that soil warming promotes gaseous C and N loss even under extreme drought conditions. We suspect, however, that a shift in microbial function following long‐term water limitation can hamper the enhancing effect of warming on soil gas fluxes.
Mobility at the margins: The facilitating and risk‐reducing role of clustered migration in migration for begging between Romania and Norway
Authors: Tyldum Guri , Friberg Jon Horgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article describes the social and economic organization of migration for begging from Romania to Norway. Drawing on a survey among homeless Romanians in Oslo and qualitative interviews conducted in Norway and migrant‐sending communities in Romania, we describe how migrants gain access to resources such as information, transport, places to beg and places to sleep, as well as social and emotional support when abroad. We argue that the particular, clustered structure of these migration flows makes migration available to persons who otherwise would not have opportunities to migrate, eases their adaptation in cities of destination and serves to protect the migrants from exploitation and abuse from external actors. This migration structure does, however, reflect a strong dependence on kinship networks, which may create vulnerabilities in itself.
Telemedicine to Timor‐Leste: implementing an international cardiac telehealth service during population dislocation, floods and COVID‐19
Authors: Paratz Elizabeth D. , Mock Nicki , Marques Diana , Wilson Will , Kushwaha Virag , Eggleton Simon , Harries Jess , da Silva Sergio , dos Santos da Silva Anary , Saramento Juliana , de Sousa Maurays Joaquina , Flavio Ricardo , Horton Ari , Gutman Sarah , Creati Louise , Barlis Peter , Appelbe Alan , Bayley Noel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe East Timor Hearts Fund has provided cardiac services in Timor‐Leste since 2010, conducting three clinics yearly.AimTo develop collaborative telehealth services between Australia and Timor‐Leste in the context of international border closures due to the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsScoping discussions identified major challenges (structural, patient related and medical system related). At two pilot clinics, patient history, investigation and management were collated. Clinic metrics were compared with an index face‐to‐face clinic in February 2019. Post‐clinic discussions identified areas of success and shortfall in the conduct of the telehealth clinics.ResultsTwenty‐three patients were reviewed at the online telehealth clinics held onsite at Timorese medical facilities. Compared with an index 2019 clinic, there were markedly lower numbers of new referrals (2 vs 190 patients; 8.7% vs 59.4%). Patients seen at the online clinic were predominantly female (17/23; 73.9%) and Dili based (18/23; 78.3%), with a mean age of 25.9 ± 7.2 years. The majority (12/23; 52.2%) had isolated rheumatic mitral valve disease. Investigations including electrocardiography, pathology, echocardiography and 6‐min walk tests were conducted in select patients. Medication advice was provided for 10 (43.5%) patients. Eleven (47.8%) patients were deemed to require urgent intervention. Post‐clinic discussions indicated general satisfaction with telehealth clinics, although frustration at the current inability to provide interventional services was highlighted.ConclusionOur pilot telehealth clinics indicate that capacity‐building telemedicine can be rapidly implemented in an emergency setting internationally. Clinic design benefits from careful identification and resolution of challenges to optimise flow. Cardiac patients in Timor‐Leste have a significant burden of disease amenable to intervention.
Bioactive compounds extraction from different lemongrass species: Strategies and deep eutectic solvents evaluation
Authors: Toazza Carlos E. B. , Leal Fernando C. , Marques Caroline , Oliveira Grazielle , Farias Fabiane O. , Belan André L. D. , Leite Natalicio F. , Mafra Marcos R. , Igarashi‐Mafra Luciana , Masson Maria Lucia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLemongrasses are known and used worldwide due to several benefits conferred to them regarding the high content of essential oils and other phenolic compounds, which are essential and nonessential compounds that occur in nature, are part of the food chain and present several benefits on human health. The obtaining of phenolic compounds from natural matrices requires the development of effective processes with minor impacts on the environment and target compounds. In this work, green solvents entitled deep eutectic solvents (DES) were evaluated against conventional solvents, as acetone, ethanol, and methanol, to obtain phenolic compounds from three different species of lemongrasses (Cymbopogon flexuosus, Cymbopogon citratus, and Elyonurus muticus). The best extraction conditions were determined into three completely random designs (CRD). The first CRD aimed at solvent selection, for this the extraction conditions were fixed in 45°C/2 hr. The second CRD was to determine the optimum process temperature. And finally, the last CRD compared different methods of extraction: magnetic stirring, Ultra‐Turrax, and ultrasound assisted extraction. The extraction kinetics were also obtained. The experimental results indicated that the extract from lemongrass C. citratus presented higher content of phenolic compounds using the DES composed of cholinium chloride and acetic acid as solvent, employing magnetic stirring at 60°C by 180 min. Moreover, all the DES‐based extracts presented higher antioxidant, iron chelating, and antimicrobial capacities than the traditional solvents. Therefore, the DES showed suitable capacity for extraction, and maintenance of phenolic compounds from lemongrasses, superior to those traditional solvents, being a promising alternative for use in medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries.Practical ApplicationsThe research uses different solvents and mechanisms to extract biocompounds, as essential oils and phenolic compounds from lemongrass species. The higher extraction conditions, in terms of solvent, time and extraction method, showed higher antioxidant activity, antimicrobial potential, and iron chelating capacity, which in interest to enrich food, improve cosmetics, clean waste water and residues. Also, there were identified several bioactive compounds from lemongrass, as citral. DES employment is an innovative extraction solvent, and can present low cost and nontoxic approach enhancing extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds.
Prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in female crossfitters: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: de Souza Pereira Elizabete , de Lima Ferreira Ana Paula , de Oliveira Almeida Milene , Barbosa Cinthia Silva , de Melo Falcão Monteiro Gleyce , Barbosa Leila , Lemos Andrea 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI) in female crossfitters.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study. Data were collected using assessment forms: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice survey for young female athletes; Incontinence Severity Index; and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for UI. Descriptive analysis was conducted to obtain absolute and relative frequencies, means and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Multivariate analysis was carried out to determine the association between UI and sociodemographic, gynecological‐obstetric, and anthropometric variables, associated morbidities, previous history and physical activity.ResultsPrevalence of UI, in the 189 included volunteers, was 38.6% and the most frequent type was stress UI (69.9%). A total of 72.6% of incontinent women reported urine loss during CrossFit training. Knowledge (53.4%) and attitude (86.2%) regarding UI were generally adequate, while prevention, management and treatment were inadequate (96.3%). The predominant characteristics of UI were frequency of once a week or less (74.0%), in small amounts (86.3%), mild intensity (57.5%) and slight impact on quality of life (64.3%). In multivariate analysis, no variable was significantly associated with UI.ConclusionsThe prevalence of UI in female crossfitters was 38.6%. The factors investigated did not contribute to the development of UI.
Brettanomyces bruxellensis: Overview of the genetic and phenotypic diversity of an anthropized yeast
Authors: Harrouard Jules , Eberlein Chris , Ballestra Patricia , Dols‐Lafargue Marguerite , Masneuf‐Pomarede Isabelle , Miot‐Sertier Cécile , Schacherer Joseph , Albertin Warren 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHuman‐associated microorganisms are ideal models to study the impact of environmental changes on species evolution and adaptation because of their small genome, short generation time, and their colonization of contrasting and ever‐changing ecological niches. The yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis is a good example of organism facing anthropogenic‐driven selective pressures. It is associated with fermentation processes in which it can be considered either as a spoiler (e.g., winemaking, bioethanol production) or as a beneficial microorganism (e.g., production of specific beers, kombucha). In addition to its industrial interests, noteworthy parallels and dichotomies with Saccharomyces cerevisiae propelled B. bruxellensis as a valuable complementary yeast model. In this review, we emphasize that the broad genetic and phenotypic diversity of this species is only beginning to be uncovered. Population genomic studies have revealed the coexistence of auto‐ and allotriploidization events with different evolutionary outcomes. The different diploid, autotriploid and allotriploid subpopulations are associated with specific fermented processes, suggesting independent adaptation events to anthropized environments. Phenotypically, B. bruxellensis is renowned for its ability to metabolize a wide variety of carbon and nitrogen sources, which may explain its ability to colonize already fermented environments showing low‐nutrient contents. Several traits of interest could be related to adaptation to human activities (e.g., nitrate metabolization in bioethanol production, resistance to sulphite treatments in winemaking). However, phenotypic traits are insufficiently studied in view of the great genomic diversity of the species. Future work will have to take into account strains of varied substrates, geographical origins as well as displaying different ploidy levels to improve our understanding of an anthropized yeast’s phenotypic landscape.
Where environmental microbiome meets its host: Subway and passenger microbiome relationships
Authors: Peimbert Mariana , Alcaraz Luis D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSubways are urban transport systems with high capacity. Every day around the world, there are more than 150 million subway passengers. Since 2013, thousands of microbiome samples from various subways worldwide have been sequenced. Skin bacteria and environmental organisms dominate the subway microbiomes. The literature has revealed common bacterial groups in subway systems; even so, it is possible to identify cities by their microbiome. Low frequency bacteria are responsible for specific bacterial fingerprints of each subway system. Furthermore, daily subway commuters leave their microbial clouds and interact with other passengers. Microbial exchange is quite fast; the hand microbiome changes within minutes, and after cleaning the handrails, the bacteria are re‐established within minutes. To investigate new taxa and metabolic pathways of subway microbial communities, several high‐quality metagenomic‐assembled genomes (MAG) have been described. Subways are harsh environments unfavorable for microorganism growth. However, recent studies have observed a wide diversity of viable and metabolically active bacteria. Understanding which bacteria are living, dormant, or dead allows us to propose realistic ecological interactions. Questions regarding the relationship between humans and the subway microbiome, particularly the microbiome effects on personal and public health, remain unanswered. This review summarizes our knowledge of subway microbiomes and their relationship with passenger microbiomes.