bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical resection of mediastinal metastasis from small cell carcinoma of bladder: case report
Authors: Isono Tomomi , Kimura Toru , Kimura Kenji , Karube Ryusuke , Ando Koshiro , Ishida Hiroto , Nagoya Akihiro , Taniguchi Seiji , Funaki Soichiro , Shintani Yasushi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Isolated mediastinal metastasis from a malignant tumor and small cell carcinoma of the bladder are both very rare.

Case presentation
A 76-year-old woman who had undergone surgery for bladder cancer twice was referred to our hospital for a right paracardiac mass noted in chest computed tomography findings, and resection of the tumor was performed. Histological analysis of the mediastinal tumor revealed it to be a metastatic small cell carcinoma of the bladder. At 4 months after surgery, multiple metastatic lesions were found in the chest and liver, and chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma was started.

Conclusions
We present this case of mediastinal metastasis of small cell carcinoma of the bladder, which is very rare, to show the importance of surgical resection of an isolated mediastinal tumor. Such a procedure should be considered, as histological diagnosis of the tumor could be useful for determining therapeutic options.
Improving Time to Molecular Testing Results in Patients With Newly Diagnosed, Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ossowski Stephanie , Neeman Elad , Borden Charles , Stram Douglas , Giraldo Lucy , Kotak Dinesh , Thomas Sachdev , Suga J. Marie , Lin Amy , Liu Raymond 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a crucial component of evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to determine appropriate first-line treatment. This quality improvement project aimed to reduce time to NGS results in patients with metastatic NSCLC. METHODS: We reviewed electronic medical records of patients with newly diagnosed, untreated metastatic NSCLC from December 2018 to August 2021 and determined the number of days from pathologic diagnosis to NGS results. We reviewed process maps for oncology, pathology, the Division of Research, and a NGS vendor to determine factors leading to preventable delays. Since November 2020, we created an automated, electronic weekly report to provide earlier identification of new pathologic diagnoses in patients with metastatic NSCLC. On June 2021, we worked with our NGS vendors to expand days of the week to accept specimens. RESULTS: Our interventions reduced the median time from pathologic diagnosis to NGS results from 24 (standard deviation [SD] 9) to 16 (SD 6) days. The median time from biopsy results to NGS order was reduced from 7 days to 1 day. The time from the specimen being sent from pathology to the NGS vendor was a median of 6 days in both cohorts. The total time from pathologic diagnosis to appropriate treatment was reduced from 33 (SD 18) to 22 (SD 8) days. CONCLUSION: NGS processing in a community setting can be complex. Using a systems focused approach to quality improvement is crucial in identifying the greatest barriers in an organization. We found that delays in time to NGS results can be reduced by improved communication and workflows among departments.
Just as Tall on Testosterone; a Neutral to Positive Effect on Adult Height of GnRHa and Testosterone in Trans Boys
Authors: Willemsen Lieve Anne , Boogers Lidewij Sophia , Wiepjes Chantal Maria , Klink Daniel Tatting , van Trotsenburg Adrianus Sarinus Paulus , den Heijer Martin , Hannema Sabine Elisabeth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Context
Growth is an important topic for many transgender boys. However, few studies have investigated the impact of puberty suppression (PS) and gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) on growth and adult height.

Objective
To evaluate the effect of PS and GAHT on growth and adult height.

Design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Specialized gender identity clinic.

Participants
A total of 146 transgender boys treated with GnRH analogues and testosterone who reached adult height.

Main outcome measures
Growth, bone age (BA), adult height, and difference between adult height and predicted adult height (PAH) and midparental height.

Results
In those with BA ≤14 years at start (n = 61), a decrease in growth velocity and bone maturation during PS was followed by an increase during GAHT. Adult height was 172.0 ± 6.9 cm; height SD score was similar to baseline (0.1; 95% CI, −0.2 to 0.4). Adult height was 3.9 ± 6.0 cm above midparental height and 3.0 ± 3.6 cm above PAH at start of PS. A younger BA at start PS was associated with an adult height significantly further above PAH.

Conclusion
During PS, growth decelerated followed by an acceleration during GAHT. Although adult height SD score was similar to baseline, adult height was taller than predicted based on BA at baseline, especially in those who started treatment at a younger BA. It is reassuring that PS and GAHT do not have a negative impact on adult height in transgender boys and might even lead to a slightly taller adult height, especially in those who start at a younger age.
Novel Causal Plasma Proteins for Hypothyroidism: A Large-scale Plasma Proteome Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Yang Hongqun , Chen Lanlan , Liu Yahui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Context
Although several risk proteins for hypothyroidism have been reported in recent years, many more plasma proteins have not been tested.

Objective
To determine potential mechanisms and novel causal plasma proteins for hypothyroidism using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods
A large-scale plasma proteome MR analysis was conducted using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) for 2297 plasma proteins. We classified pQTLs into 4 different groups. MR analyses were conducted within the 4 groups simultaneously. Significant proteins were discovered and validated in 2 different cohorts. Colocalization analysis and enrichment analysis were conducted using proteins found with MR.

Results
Thirty-one proteins were identified in the discovery cohort. Among them, 13 were validated in the validation cohort. Nine of the 13 proteins are risk factors (ISG15, Fc receptor-like protein 2, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14, Rab-2A, FcRL3, thrombomodulin, interferon [IFN]-lambda-1, platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain, IL-7RA) for hypothyroidism, whereas others are protective proteins (protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 [POGLUT1], tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily, 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, transferrin receptor protein 1). Among the significant proteins, POGLUT1 strongly colocalized with expression quantitative trait loci from whole blood (posterior probability of colocalization [PP4] = 0.978) and the thyroid (PP4 = 0.978). Two different trans-pQTLs (rs2111485 PP4 = 0.998; rs35103715 PP4 = 0.998) for IFN-lambda-1 strongly colocalized with hypothyroidism in different chromosomes.

Conclusion
Thirteen various proteins were identified and validated to be associated with hypothyroidism using univariable MR. We reinforced and expanded the effect of IFN on hypothyroidism. Several proteins identified in this study could explain part of the association between the coagulation system and hypothyroidism. Our study broadens the causal proteins for hypothyroidism and provides the relationships between plasma proteins and hypothyroidism. The proteins identified in this study can be used as early screening biomarkers for hypothyroidism.
From the Sky to the Streets, and Back
Authors: Al-Bulushi Samar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Against the Eurocentric, heteronormative paradigms that continue to structure analysis of post-9/11 global warfare, this article asks what it means to decenter the view from the imperial war room, illustrated most poignantly in the 2016 thriller Eye in the Sky. Highlighting the role played by the Kenyan state in the ongoing war against the Somali militant group al-Shabaab, it takes seriously the African subjects who co-constitute geographies of war making in East Africa today, from the political and business elite who normalize militarized masculinities and femininities, to the African troops whose affective and violent labor sustains war making in Somalia. Far from a celebration of subaltern agency, the article engages the notion of a “subaltern geopolitics” that is mindful of asymmetries of power and that foregrounds ambiguous positions of marginality that are neither dominant nor resistant. Attention to entanglement disrupts binary analytical paradigms of global/local and masculine/feminine, and calls for a deeper consideration of collaboration and complicity.
Providers’ views on hormonal family planning methods for young women: a qualitative study from Dosso, Niger
Authors: Maytan-Joneydi Amelia , MacLachlan Ellen W. , Agali Balki Ibrahim , Louis-Charles Kyria , Chaibou Sanoussi , Amadou Garba Souleymane , Moumouni Abdoul Nouhou , Speizer Ilene S. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Family planning (FP) providers play an important role in ensuring that clients are offered a full range of FP methods. This qualitative study explores providers’ views on three hormonal FP methods and why they think young women may choose these methods in Niger. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 FP providers in 24 government health centers in Dosso region, Niger between February-March 2020. Providers were asked about the suitability of different FP methods for women, including unmarried adolescents and young married women with children. The interviews were translated and transcribed from Hausa and Zarma into French, thematically coded, and qualitatively analyzed. Results: Many providers believed discretion to be the most important method attribute for women. Providers report preferring implants for young clients because of the more rapid return to fertility. They disagreed on whether implants or injectables are more discrete for clients. That said, providers felt that clients appreciate the implant’s discretion, effectiveness, long-acting nature, and ease of use. Providers perceived that the majority of women choose injectables due to familiarity with the method, the fact that it is “invisible” to an outsider, and a lack of awareness of implants. Providers stated that while women may not initially choose the implant, when given more information about it, they were more open to adopting it, or switching from another method, and less likely to believe local myths. Providers believed that women find pills to be indiscreet. Conclusions: The findings highlight that while providers have perspectives on suitable methods for certain women, they also recognize that clients have their own preferences, such as how discreet the method is. As programs continue to expand method choice and new contraceptive technologies undergo research and development, highly desirable features such as discretion need to be considered.
Efficient 3D measurement of a HDR surface based on adaptive fringe projection
Authors: Hu Jialing , Zhu Jiangping , Zhou Pei 
Published: October 2022

3D measurement methods of a high-dynamic-range (HDR) surface based on adaptive
fringe projection have aroused extensive research interest. They tend
to pixel-wise adjust the fringe projection intensity to ensure
full-field phase quality in light or dark regions, which has two
problems: (1) traditional image intensity-based temporal phase
unwrapping (TPU) is susceptible to noise in dark regions, and
(2) it is time-consuming to project orthogonal fringe patterns
for coordinate mapping and 3D reconstruction. Aiming to address these
issues, we present an efficient adaptive fringe projection method
where misaligned Gray code patterns are adopted to remove the phase
error induced by low-frequency fringe patterns. Compared with
traditional image intensity-based TPU, misaligned Gray-code-based TPU
provides a better noise-suppression effect in dark regions, as Gray
codes are generally better preserved than image intensity. Moreover,
the images captured in the coordinate mapping process are shared for
optimal projection intensity calculation and 3D reconstruction to
reduce the number of total projection patterns, thus improving
measurement efficiency. Extensive contrast experiments are conducted
to demonstrate that the proposed method retrieves the 3D shapes of
micro-scale HDR surfaces with high accuracy and a minimum number of
projection patterns on the premise of high measurement integrity.
Reconstructing long-term dengue virus immunity in French Polynesia
Authors: Nemoto Takahiro , Aubry Maite , Teissier Yoann , Paul Richard , Cao-Lormeau Van-Mai , Salje Henrik , Cauchemez Simon 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding the underlying risk of infection by dengue virus from surveillance systems is complicated due to the complex nature of the disease. In particular, the probability of becoming severely sick is driven by serotype-specific infection histories as well as age; however, this has rarely been quantified. Island communities that have periodic outbreaks dominated by single serotypes provide an opportunity to disentangle the competing role of serotype, age and changes in surveillance systems in characterising disease risk.MethodologyWe develop mathematical models to analyse 35 years of dengue surveillance (1979–2014) and seroprevalence studies from French Polynesia. We estimate the annual force of infection, serotype-specific reporting probabilities and changes in surveillance capabilities using the annual age and serotype-specific distribution of dengue.Principal findingsEight dengue epidemics occurred between 1979 and 2014, with reporting probabilities for DENV-1 primary infections increasing from 3% to 5%. The reporting probability for DENV-1 secondary infections was 3.6 times that for primary infections. We also observed heterogeneity in reporting probabilities by serotype, with DENV-3 having the highest probability of being detected. Reporting probabilities declined with age after 14 y.o. Between 1979 and 2014, the proportion never infected declined from 70% to 23% while the proportion infected at least twice increased from 4.5% to 45%. By 2014, almost half of the population had acquired heterotypic immunity. The probability of an epidemic increased sharply with the estimated fraction of susceptibles among children.Conclusion/SignificanceBy analysing 35 years of dengue data in French Polynesia, we characterised key factors affecting the dissemination profile and reporting of dengue cases in an epidemiological context simplified by mono-serotypic circulation. Our analysis provides key estimates that can inform the study of dengue in more complex settings where the co-circulation of multiple serotypes can greatly complicate inference.
Modelo en gerencia de proyectos para pymes de consultoría informática en Bogotá, basado en marcos ágiles de trabajo
Authors: Arias Battle Yeraldin , Roa Rodríguez Guillermo 
Published: October 2022

Contexto: Las pymes, en general, cumplen un papel muy importante en la economía y en la generación de empleo para Colombia, como país en desarrollo. Particularmente inmersas en este gran conjunto de empresas se encuentran las pymes de consultoría informática, las cuales, dentro de las empresas asociadas al área de tecnologías de información, generaron las mayores ventas del sector para 2015 (Ministerio de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones de Colombia [MinTIC], 2015). Sin embargo, a pesar de su gran representación y crecimiento, uno de los principales factores que inciden en sus problemáticas son los métodos de gestión de proyectos utilizados; de hecho, autores como Silveira y Silva (2015) indican la creciente tendencia y necesidad de la adaptación de marcos ágiles en las empresas. Así mismo, Whitney y Daniels (2013) refuerzan la idea del potencial de la adopción de estas metodologías en proyectos de tecnologías de información (TI), debido a su flexibilidad ante situaciones cambiantes y maleabilidad frente a controles formales.
Método: Como metodología se planteó la caracterización y definición de los aspectos críticos comunes sobre los proyectos gestionados del sector de consultoría informática, lo cual permitió continuar con la correlación de los aspectos críticos comunes identificados con marcos ágiles en gerencia de proyectos para así, usando la información obtenida, diseñar un modelo ágil en gerencia de proyectos para pymes de consultoría informática en Bogotá, finalizando con su respectiva validación.
Resultados: Se diseñó y valido el modelo para pymes de consultoría informática en Bogotá, sobre un proyecto desarrollado por una de las empresas de la muestra representativa, que cumplía con las características del estudio, sobre el cual se observó un porcentaje de mejora del 77 %, en el tiempo de entrega, del 57 % en la gestión de costo sin afectaciones a su alcance, en cumplimiento con lo requerido por el cliente.
Conclusiones: Tomando como base los resultados obtenidos al implementar el modelo desarrollado, se infiere que, al implementar el modelo en los proyectos desarrollados por empresas de consultoría informática en Bogotá (Colombia), pueden llegar a tener resultados satisfactorios en el desarrollo de sus proyectos, en cuanto al tiempo, costo y alcance, pues la validación permitió observar una mejora del 77 % en cuanto a las desviaciones de tiempo y un 57 % respecto a las desviaciones de costo precisando una mínima afectación al cumplimiento de los alcances comprometidos.
Evaluación de dos tipos de adsorbentes para la recuperación de vapores de hidrocarburos generados en Plantel de Recope en Ochomogo
Authors: Quesada Carvajal Laura Vanessa , Amón Pérez Rafael Isaac 
Published: October 2022

Contexto: Al cargar el producto en los camiones cisterna, se generan vapores de hidrocarburos emitidos sin tratamiento al medio ambiente. Para evitar estas emisiones, se requiere un sistema que permita retener y recuperar estas sustancias, mediante el uso de un adsorbente capaz de retener los compuestos orgánicos volátiles generados en el patio de carga del plantel de distribución de combustibles en El Alto de Ochomogo, Cartago, Costa Rica.
Método: Se analizó la composición de los vapores desplazados durante la carga de producto limpio, y se comparó la efectividad de remoción y recuperación de dos matrices de adsorbentes: Tenax® TA y Carbotrap® 317, al modificar el método estándar TO 17 de la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de Estados Unidos.
Resultados: Con Tenax® TA se consiguió un 93,8 % de remoción; sin embargo, la mayoría de los compuestos atrapados estaban constituidos por cadenas superiores o iguales a siete átomos de carbono. Los tubos empacados con Carbotrap® 317 removieron un 99,9% de los compuestos de la muestra, reteniendo los compuestos con cadenas inferiores a los siete átomos de carbono de los vapores de gasolina. Las condiciones de acondicionamiento, atrapamiento y desorción del método modificado permitieron al Carbotrap® 317 retener y recuperar exitosamente compuestos similares a los que se están perdiendo durante la carga de los camiones cisterna.
Conclusiones: Las condiciones de acondicionamiento, muestreo y desorción del método modificado permitieron a la matriz Carbotrap® 317 retener y recuperar exitosamente compuestos similares a los que se están perdiendo durante el llenado de los camiones cisterna.
Stratagems and the Byzantine culture of war: the theory of military trickery and ethics in Byzantium (c. 900–1204)
Authors: Chatzelis Georgios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although there has been significant scholarly attention on just war (jus ad bellum) in Byzantium and an increasing interest in the study of the Byzantine culture of war, military trickery and jus in bello (just conduct of war) remain largely unexplored by Byzantinists. This paper aims to fill this gap by studying the theory of military trickery and ethics in Byzantium, c. 900 -1204. It explores and analyses this aspect of jus in bello in Byzantium by employing methods and concepts from Byzantine history, war studies and military ethics. The paper begins by examining the impact of dominant literary traditions (Classical and Biblical) on Byzantine perceptions of military trickery, and then explores the reception and development of Classical and Biblical notions of military trickery and ethics by different sub-cultures in Byzantium (e. g., theologians, jurists, tacticians, historians, orators, poets). The author then attempts to frame a more complete theory of Byzantine military trickery and ethics, and to reflect on the relationship between jus ad bellum and jus in bello in Byzantium.
Performance, ceremonial and power in the basilikoi logoi by Theophylact of Ohrid
Authors: Medeiros Publio Dias João Vicente de 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this article, we analyse two basilikoi logoi by Theophylact of Ohrid addressed to the emperors Constantine Doukas (1081-1091?) and Alexios I Komnenos (1081-1118) and contest recent scholarship which traces criticism to Alexios I by the use of subversion of traditional rhetorical topoi. We do not question the presence of such subversions, but rather their function in the text. For that, they are studied in their performative contexts: ceremonial events, performative practices and the political circumstances in which their composition possibly took place and when they were performed. By doing so, it is noticeable that criticism to the emperor in such situations is hardly conceivable and the inadequacies of the praises present in the texts can be interpreted as a response to already existing criticism to current imperial policy. Moreover, by comparing both orations as autonomous works, it is possible to perceive a clear shift both in the power balances in the recently established Komnenian consortium and in the relationship between Theophylact and major political player of his time
The economy of Melitene/Malaṭya and its role in the Byzantine-Islamic trade (seventh to eleventh centuries)
Authors: Durak Koray 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The city of Melitene in eastern Asia Minor/western Armenia presents a peculiar case in the study of Byzantine-Islamic commerce in the early Middle Ages, because, unlike Trebizond or Attaleia, its commerce was entirely based on land-route connections, and the available evidence does not identify it as a town deliberately designated as a commercial exchange point by the Byzantine authorities. My purpose is to find an answer to the question of how Byzantine- Islamic trade took place in a location on the eastern land frontier where the coexistence of war and trade was a daily reality. The products and export items as well as the routes of the Melitene zone and its neighboring regions (Cappadocia, Pontos, Armenia) are examined in order to situate Melitene in a larger commercial context. I argue that Melitene prospered commercially in the middle of war zone for centuries and that its commercial fortunes began to improve especially by the beginning of the tenth century, reaching their climax in the eleventh century.
Ein tödliches Kinderspiel und seine prognostische Bewältigung. Zu Proc. Bella 5(1).20, 1–4
Authors: Grünbart Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Procopius of Caesarea inserts numerous events of symbolic and prognostic character in his Gothic Wars. In Bella 5(1).20.1-4 he describes a game of competition between young Samnite shepherds imitating the current political situation. The loser was hung from a tree by them taking the common Late Roman punishment on the furca as a model. Due to the contingent appearance of a wolf he was not rescued and died. The tragic event is subsequently attributed predicting significance.