bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TES CEPAT UNTUK DETEKSI ALBUMINURIA BERBASIS PERAK IODIDA(AgI) dan METILEN BIRU
Authors: Afthoni M. H. , Alfanaar R. , Monica E. , Rollando R. , Swastika W. , Alfiyandri P. N. 
Published: August 2022

Albuminuria is a condition of the presence of albumin in the urine. The presence of albumin can be an indicator of kidney and cardiovascular diseases. Albumin can be detected based on the change of color from blue to brownish using a silver iodide – methylene blue sensor. This rapid test was developed to detect albuminuria in the urine by utilizing silver iodide (AgI) and methylene blue reagents. The chemical sensor was a colorimetric sensor immobilized with paper and detected by scannometric methods. The analysis of the sensor color changes for albumin was carried out using ImageJ software. The proposed silver iodide - methylene blue-based albumin sensor had a response time of 7 minutes with a linear range from 200 to 500 ppm and the detection limit of 83,039 ppm qualification limit. The sensor had reproducibility (RSD = 2.6917%) with a service life of more than 5 months with an accuracy value of 100.662%.
Keywords: albuminuria, chemical sensor, rapid test.
BIOAVAILABILITAS DAN BIOAKUMULASI LOGAM Pb DAN Cu PADA CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum annuum L.) DI SUBAK SEMBUNG DENPASAR
Authors: Bawa I G. A. G. , Pebriani N. P. D. , Sudiarta I W. 
Published: August 2022

The use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can trigger the presence of heavy metals that can pollute agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to determine the bioavailability of Pb and Cu metals in cayenne pepper farms in the Subak Sembung plantation in Denpasar as well as the bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu metals in each part of the cayenne pepper plant. The method used to determine the fractions and bioavailability of Pb and Cu was a squential extraction method, while the bioaccumulation was by the destruction method quantified using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that the agricultural land in Subak Sembung Denpasar both before planting and at harvesting contained Pb and Cu metals of 103.2-188.4 mg/kg and 38.3-59.3 mg/kg, respectively. The bioavailability of Pb and Cu in soil was dominated by potentially bioavailable metals (49.67-88.56% for Pb and 51.49-64.18% for Cu), then non-bioavailable (8.40-18.67% for Pb and 33.65-46.94% for Cu) and the smallest was bioavailable (1.95-12.40% for Pb and 0.41-3.31% for Cu). Metal content distributed to each part of the plants, such as Pb in the roots, stems and fruits ranged from 3.05-12.61%, 15.41-16.49%, 41.73-47.91% and 30.26-35.25%, respectively, and for Cu ranged from 42.87-47.91%, 19.13-33.76%, 17.98-26.12%, 4.54-6.84%, respectively. The edible part of cayenne pepper is classified as contaminated with Pb because it exceeds the value set by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency, which is 0.2 mg/kg.
Keywords: Bioavailability, Cu, Pb, cayenne pepper.
PENGARUH PRETREATMENT MAKROALGA ULVA RETICULATA MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE IRRADIATION UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOETANOL
Authors: Kolo S. M. D. , Obenu N. M. , Tuas M. Y. C. 
Published: August 2022

The production of fossil fuels every year until now has decreased significantly. This is in line with the significant increase in energy consumption as a result of increasing population, economic growth, industrial and transportation activities. Alternative energy that can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels is the use of macroalgae Ulva reticulata into bioethanol. The lignocellulosic content of Ulva reticulata can be converted into ethanol through a pretreatment process and dilute acid hydrolysis using microwave irradiation, which is then followed by a fermentation and distillation process. Surface morphology of Ulva reticulata macroalgae samples were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Reducing sugars were analyzed using the Dinitrosalicylate (DNS) method. Ethanol content was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results showed that the pretreatment and hydrolysis of dilute acid using microwave irradiation reached the optimum hydraulic time and temperature of 50 minutes and 150, with a reducing sugar concentration of 27.97 g/L and a hydrolysis efficiency of 69.93%. The results of the analysis of the ethanol content of Ulva reticulata fermentation using GC was 7.76%. Bioethanol production from the macroalga Ulva reticulata is expected to be a potential new source of renewable energy because it is not used as food. The results of this study serve as a new source of information for the industry to increase the economic value of the macroalga Ulva reticulata.
Keywords: bioethanol, fermentation, microwave irradiation, pretreatment, ulva reticulata.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA KATALIS BENTONIT-ZnO
Authors: Widihati I. A. G. , Manurung M. , Suastuti N. G. A. D. A. , S. Putri N. P. A. J. 
Published: August 2022

The use of bentonite clay as a catalyst has been reported by many studies. The catalytic activity of clays is generally not very high. Therefore, the clay must be modified before use. Synthesis and characterization of ZnO (Bentonite-ZnO) modified clay was carried out. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical properties of modified Bentonite with ZnO. Bentonite was dipped first and then intercalated with ZnO which was expected to form pillars. The synthesized Bentonite-ZnO was characterized according to the benefits of Bentonite-ZnO as a catalyst using X-Ray Diffraction, SEM-EDS, FTIR, surface area using Methylene Blue adsorption method, and surface acid sites using an acid-base titration method. The characterization results showed that the intercalation of ZnO into bentonite did not increase the distance between layers, the catalyst became more homogeneous and there was an increase in the number of Zn elements, the appearance of absorption bands in the 3600; 1600 – 1650; 2900-2850 and 450 cm-1 regions which identified the functional group characteristics of Bentonite-ZnO and surface area and acid sites of 46.357 m2/g and 5.887 x 1022 sites/g, respectively.
Keywords: bentonite, catalyst, characterization, pillared, ZnO.
MODIFIKASI SILIKA GEL DARI ABU LIMBAH HASIL PROSES PEMBAKARAN INDUSTRI BATU BATA DENGAN DIFENILKARBAZON SEBAGAI ADSORBEN SERTA UJI DAYA SERAP TERHADAP ION LOGAM Cr(III) DAN Cu(II)
Authors: Sudiarta I. W. , Saputra I G. D. V. , Suarya P. 
Published: August 2022

The modification of silica gel, from the waste of the bricks burning process, with diphenylcarbazone has been done. The silica gel modified by diphenylcarbazone (Si-DPZon) was obtained by boiling the ash with NaOH solution to create sodium silicate and neutralized with HCl to get the silica gel, then physically modified with diphenylcarbazone ligand. The study included the determination of the adsorbent functional groups by spectrophotometer IR, surface acidity by acid-base titration method, specific surface area by absorption of methylene blue method, the optimum conditions (pH, contact time) of the adsorption of Cr(III) and Cu(II). FTIR analysis showed that the Si-DPZon contained amide (N-H), carbonyl (C=O), silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si) and aromatic (C-H) functional groups. The results showed that Si-DPZon had a surface acidity (Kal) of 5.8384 ± 0.2466 mmol/g with the number of active sites of 12.3945x1020 atom/g with a specific surface area of 12.6886 m2/g. Si-ABB had a surface acidity (Kal) of 4.5568±0,2453 mmol/g with the number of active sites of 27.4410x1020 atom/g and with a specific surface area of 11.6712 m2/g. The optimum conditions for adsorption of chromium (III), both Si-DPZon and Si-ABB occurred at pH 5 and 15 minutes. The adsorption ability of Cr(III) by Si-DPZon at the pH and contact time optimum conditions was 34.6927 mg/g with an adsorption percentage of 86.7317% and Si-ABB was obtained at 34.5445 mg/g with the adsorption percentage of 86.3611%. Adsorption ability of Cu(II) by Si-DPZon at the pH and contact time optimum conditions was 26.49672 mg/g with the adsorption percentage of 66.2418% and Si- ABB was obtained at 24.93210 mg/g with the adsorption percentage of 62.3302%.
Keywords: adsorptions, chromium (III), copper (II), diphenilcarbazone ligand, synthesis of silica gel.
Inklusivitas Jalur Pedestrian di Sekitar Kampus Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Studi Kasus Penggal Jln. A.Yani, Jln. Garuda Mas dan Jln. Menco Raya Kartasura, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Wardani Dwi Ely , Roychansyah M. Sani 
Published: August 2022

The University Campus is a main provider of higher education services for the community. It has an impact on the growth of the surrounding area, and its influence is marked by changes in land use due to the concentration of proximal business and community activities. With the growing density of the residential population, activities around UMS campus area have also resulted in a higher level of community mobility. Therefore, it is necessary to design inclusive pedestrian pathways so that communities in this area may easily move about without having to depend on motor vehicles. In addition, an effort is being made to create a pedestrian-friendly environment for disabled persons in accordance with government policy. Using a qualitative deductive method and through the application of several theories dealing with pedestrian planning, the governing principle of inclusiveness is considered to be compatible with a heterogenic campus. Linda Nussbaumer in her book Inclusive Design A Universal Need, (2012) states that the concept of inclusivity consists of six variables, but after due consideration, only 3 variables are used in this study, namely: affordability, convenience, and security. These three variables are then elaborated and used as parameters to measure the level of inclusiveness of pedestrian pathways that accommodate the need of disabled people.
Keywords: pedestrian pathway, inclusive, accessibility, convenience, safety
Identifikasi Kriteria Perancangan ‘Eks Palaguna’ di CBD Kota Bandung Berdasarkan Identitas Kota melalui Sense of Place
Authors: Paramitasari Angela Upitya , Utami Witanti Nur , Adrian Aria 
Published: August 2022

The 'Ex Palaguna' area was the original mall in Bandung City, but has since been abandoned due to high competition. The mall was destroyed at the end of 2014. The area became a parking lot and deprived the city of a certain identity. The following research aims to re-create such urban identity as part of central Bandung. The research seeks the aspects and criteria that should be considered for 'Ex Palaguna' development as the basis for planning and design that are appropriate to its contribution to city identity and a sense of place. The method used in this research is qualitative with case study analysis. The results suggest that traditional qualities in defining ‘place’, such as form, activity, and image are highly significant to the proposed 'Ex Palaguna' area.
Keywords: ex Palaguna, mall, sense of place, city identity
Editorial: Pelestarian Elemen Keruangan dan Pembangunan Identitas Kota
Authors: Suartika Gusti Ayu Made 
Published: August 2022

In Ruang we address issues of form and urban space, leaving the economists to ponder the larger issues of democracy and equality in a rapidly fracturing social environment. This raises the problematic of urban form, its representations, symbolism and practices. The conservation of traditional values and norms imply the conservation of those environments that support them. Since conservation means retaining building form without its prior content, the actual fabric and processes of urban conservation are also thrown into the market place. Conservation on any scale also threatens the urban land market since large areas are then removed from trading (or is all history up for sale?) So do we proceed with adaptation, regulated change, conservation or sterilisation (preservation)?
Today the identity of a place is not merely about localities, but is, in many occasions, more about image making to support the creation of a modern urban living environment. Over the last forty years, the use of iconic buildings to generate capital has become more and more frequent, from Sydney Opera House and the Pompidou Centre, to the new Guggenheim Bilbao. These are iconic structures whose prime function is not to give identity to neighbourhoods, but to source capital through tourism and to boost local industry. Here there is a crossover from high technology to local icons. For example Frank Gehry used technology from the American space program to design shapes and forms, as well as technology focussed on the properties of materials. But such buildings fall again into the arena of capital rather than community development. So what is happening on the other side of the coin?
There is no doubt that social change is also accelerating in many countries and it is also clear that where we cannot hold capital accumulation and globalisation accountable for many adaptations from gender equality, new housing forms based on the disintegration of the nuclear family, the idea of a universal wage to counter automation, the generation of new communities that wish to live ‘off the grid’, and a phenomenon we might call ‘micro-communities of resistance’ to state neo-corporatism and the abuse of technology.
At the level of design and urban form, the Charter of the New Urbanism, now sweeping Europe, and North America, with intrusions in Malaysia, China and other countries appears to have merit. Its agenda is community based planning and design, using a process of natural selection to generate urban density, with urban and architectural forms that reflect history and proven value in use. While the New Urbanism is theoretically weak, it sources two major thinkers namely Patrick Geddes and Ian McHarg, who were both concerned with the relationship between the natural environment and human habitation. Importantly, the New Urbanism deals with the tricky problem of transformation that links past formal languages with new uses. Something that we can all learn from.
Pengaruh Perilaku Masyarakat terhadap Pola Permukiman Adat di Desa Nggela Kabupaten Ende
Authors: Kerong Fabiola T. A. , Siso Silvester M. 
Published: August 2022

Human behaviour is in general influenced by traditions, emotional state, values, ethics, power, persuasion, genetical attributes, and available spaces. This study examines the community behaviour of Nggela Village, an adat-based settlement of Ende Regency. It especially focusses on cultural behaviours in regard to adat rituals of Loka Lolo, Joka Ju, and Lobo Keda. Discussions within relate to the governance of the adat settlemet of Nggela Village which has 17 Mosalaki (adat leader) who occupy 15 adat houses. This study is conducted using a naturalistic approach. It unfolds that human behaviour that determines the pattern of Nggela's traditional settlement has been grounded by the village's historical journey, cosmology, beliefs, collaborative attitude, sacred elements, and social structure.
Keywords: behavior, space, adat settlement of Nggela Village

Abstrak
Perilaku manusia pada umumnya dipengaruhi oleh adat, sikap, emosi, nilai, etika, kekuasaan, persuasi, genetik, dan ketersediaan ruang. Penelitian ini mengkaji perilaku masyarakat pada permukiman adat di Desa Nggela, Kabupaten Ende. Kajiannya difokuskan pada perilaku budaya berkenaan dengan beberapa ritual adat Loka Lolo, Joka Ju, dan Lobo Keda. Diskusi dalam paper ini berkaitan erat dengan tatanan kepemerintahan yang berlaku di desa ini, yang memiliki 17 pemimpin adat yang menempati 15 rumah adat. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan naturalistik. Melalui studi ini ditemukan bahwa perilaku manusia yang menentukan patrun permukiman adat di Desa Nggela didasari oleh perjalanan sejarah kosmologi, kepercayaan, kecenderungan untuk bekerja secara bersama-sama, elemen-element permukiman yang dianggap sakral, dan struktur sosial.
Kata kunci: perilaku, ruang, Permukiman Adat Desa Nggela
Bentuk dan Makna Simbolik Ragam Hias pada Masjid Sunan Giri
Authors: Pradana Rizal Wahyu Bagas 
Published: August 2022

Sunan Giri Mosque is one of the ancient Javanese mosques which was built in the time of Walisongo. Sunan Giri Mosque building has its own uniqueness in its ornament. This uniqueness is rarely found in other mosques in general. This study aims to describe the various ornaments and symbolic meanings found in the Sunan Giri Mosque. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Research data obtained through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. Data analysis with data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. Meanwhile, to obtain data validity, using data triangulation and review informants. The results showed the ornament at the Sunan Giri Mosque was influenced by Javanese, Hindu, and Islamic culture. The decoration in the Sunan Giri Mosque takes pre-Islamic elements and is processed, adjusted to the rules contained in the Islamic religion. The ornament in the Sunan Giri Mosque can be grouped into several motives: lung-lungan, patran, padma, tlacapan, saton, kebenan, garuda, praba and surya majapahit motifs. Aside from its role as building decoration, ornament in the Sunan Giri Mosque has symbolic meaning in it. The symbolic meaning is addressed to the Muslims who worship in the mosque. This symbolic meaning contains symbols about noble teachings in Islam, and hopes to Allah SWT.
Keywords: architecture; ornament; symbolic meaning; Sunan Giri Mosque

Abstrak
Masjid Sunan Giri merupakan salah satu masjid kuno Jawa yang dibangun pada zaman walisongo. Bangunan Masjid Sunan Giri memiliki keunikan tersendiri pada ragam hiasnya. Keunikan tersebut jarang ditemui pada masjid-masjid lain pada umumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ragam hias dan makna simboliknya yang terdapat di Masjid Sunan Giri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Analisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan untuk mendapatkan kevalidan data, menggunakan triangulasi data dan informan review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ragam hias di Masjid Sunan Giri dipengaruhi oleh budaya Jawa, Hindu, dan Islam. Ragam hias di Masjid Sunan Giri menggambil unsur-unsur pra Islam dan diolah, disesuaikan dengan aturan-aturan yang terdapat dalam agama Islam. Ragam hias di Masjid Sunan Giri dapat dikelompokkan menjadi beberapa motif: motif lung-lungan, patran, padma, tlacapan, saton, kebenan, garuda, praba dan surya majapahit. Selain berperan sebagai penghias bangunan, ragam hias di Masjid Sunan Giri memiliki makna simbolik di dalamnya. Makna simbolik tersebut ditujukkan kepada kaum muslimin yang beribadah di dalam masjid. Makna simbolik ini berisi simbol tentang ajaran-ajaran luhur dalam agama Islam, dan harapan-harapan kepada Allah SWT.
Kata kunci: arsitektur; ragam hias; makna simbolik; Masjid Sunan Giri
Kajian Arsitektur Bali pada Tampilan Bangunan Komersial di Koridor Jalan Danau Tamblingan, Kelurahan Sanur, Denpasar Selatan
Authors: Werdantara I Gede Putu Astamarsa , Prajnawrdhi Tri Anggraini , Muktiwibowo Antonius Karel 
Published: August 2022

The development brings inevitable changes to the built environment in which architectural design holds a significant part. Architecture, undoubtedly, has a strong association with identity and the character of a certain built urban environment. Changes in architectural principles and designs may bring two-side impacts, which may either strengthen or harm the existing urban identity. This is especially true when we discuss architectural changes and the formation of urban identity on the Island of Bali. This study aims to examine the conformance of numerous facades of commercial buildings located along the Danau Tamblingan Corridor in Sanur-Bali to the set of local government regulations that govern the implementation of local traditions in architectural design and practices. The study is approached with a qualitative method. The study result shows there are 5 groups of violations, which are: 1) violation of the tri angga principle; 2) the use of flat roofs; 3) minimum use of local decorative elements; 4) dominant exhibition of commercial identity; 5) the absent of handcrafted character, natural materials and the color derived from their uses.Keywords: Balinese Architecture; facade; commercial building
AbstrakPerkembangan zaman membawa perubahan pada banyak hal dan tidak dapat dihindari. Salah satu hal yang mengalami perubahan adalah arsitektur. Arsitektur memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan tata ruang sebuah wilayah atau kota. Arsitektur berkaitan dengan karakter dari suatu wilayah tersebut. Perubahan dalam arsitektur yang tidak terkontrol dapat menghilangkan karakter dari sebuah wilayah. Arsitektur Bali adalah salah satu gaya arsitektur yang mengalami perubahan. Jalan Danau Tamblingan adalah salah satu koridor komersial di Kelurahan Sanur yang terdiri dari berbagai jenis fasilitas komersial dengan karakter bangunan yang bervariasi. Namun terdapat banyak bangunan komersial yang tidak menerapkan prinsip Arsitektur Bali sebagaimana mestinya seperti yang sudah diatur dalam Peraturan Walikota Denpasar No. 25 Tahun 2010. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji prinsip Arsitektur Bali dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang tidak diterapkan pada tampilan bangunan fasilitas komersial di lokasi penelitian. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh bangunan-bangunan komersial di Koridor Jalan Danau Tamblingan, Sanur yaitu; 1) tidak menerapkan konsep tri angga; 2) menggunakan atap datar; 3) minimnya penggunaan ragam hias Arsitektur Bali; 4) dominasi identitas perusahaan pada tampilan bangunan; 5) tidak menampilkan karakter handicraft serta tidak menggunakan warna dan material alamiah.Kata kunci: Arsitektur Bali; fasad; bangunan komersial