bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Feasibility Study of a Triage Tool for Early Referral to Spinal Cord Stimulation for Patients With Chronic Low Back and Leg Pain
Authors: Bastiaens Ferdinand , van Hooff Miranda L. , Bruaset Ivar J. , van den Eede Els , Maandag Natasja J. G. , Kurt Erkan , Schel‐Huisman Monique C. M. , Wegener Jessica T. , Vissers Kris C. P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn recent years, delayed elective care and growing waiting lists increasingly resulted in postponed surgeries for patients with chronic back and leg pain.ObjectiveTo develop, implement, and evaluate the feasibility of a triage tool for patients with chronic back and/or leg pain to identify those eligible for referral to spinal cord stimulation (SCS) consultation.MethodsA triage tool was developed, based on Dutch SCS guidelines, literature review and expert panel consultation. The triage process was detected and implemented in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, prior to first orthopaedic consultation. Feasibility, reliability and predictive accuracy were analysed as part of the evaluation of the triage tool.ResultsThe triage indicators included: Pain location (leg/mixed), DN4 > 3, pain duration ≥ 3 months, leg pain ≥ back pain and NPRS leg pain ≥ 5. The triage tool was applied on patients on the orthopaedic waiting list, followed by a full orthopaedic review if they were not excluded. A total of 1025 orthopaedic patients with chronic back and leg pain were assessed with the triage tool. The triage tool was evaluated as feasible (mean System Usability Score 74.2 [SD 11.5]), reliable (inter‐rater reliability [Fleiss' Kappa 0.79], intra‐rater reliability [Cohen's Kappa 0.89]) and accurate (sensitivity [100%], specificity [98.8%], positive predictive value [40%] and negative predictive value [100%]).ConclusionEarly triage of potential SCS candidates potentially supports rapid and appropriate care allocation, shortens waiting list time and improves clinical outcomes. Future research should explore strategies to optimise the tool's performance in identifying patients most likely to benefit from SCS therapy.SignificanceA novel triage tool was developed to identify patients with chronic back and leg pain for an early referral to SCS. This tool, evaluated for feasibility, reliability, and predictive accuracy, shows promise in reducing waiting times and improving patient selection. It can be a prelude to the further development of decision support for SCS and an acceleration in the care process for SCS candidates.
Reaction Engineering for Asymmetric R‐/S‐PAC Synthesis With Ephedrine or Pseudoephedrine Dehydrogenase in Pickering Emulsion
Authors: Carubio Reynaldo Jr. , Wang Bao‐Hsiang , Ansorge‐Schumacher Marion B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of enantiopure α‐hydroxy ketones, particularly R‐ and S‐phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), represents an important process in the pharmaceutical industry, serving as a pivotal step in the production of drugs. Recently, two novel enzymes, ephedrine dehydrogenase (EDH) and pseudoephedrine dehydrogenase (PseDH), have been described. These enzymes enable the specific reduction of 1‐phenyl‐1,2‐propanedione (PPD) to R‐PAC and S‐PAC, respectively. In this study, we transferred these enzymes into Pickering emulsions, which is an attractive reaction set‐up for large‐scale synthesis. The bioactive w/o Pickering emulsion (bioactive Pickering emulsion [BioPE]), in which methyl tert‐butyl ether served as the continuous phase, was stabilized by silica nanoparticles. Formate dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus jostii was utilized for cofactor regeneration. Given the considerable complexity of the BioPE, this reaction system underwent a first‐time application of design of experiment (DOE) for systematic engineering. A definitive screening design was employed to identify significant factors affecting space‐time yield (STY) and conversion. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the conditions, resulting in the observation of a high STY of 4.2 g L⁻¹ h⁻¹ and a conversion of 83.2% for BioPE with EDH, and an STY of 4.4 g L⁻¹ h⁻¹ and a conversion of 64.5% for BioPE with PseDH.
Electrical Power Interconnection‐Based Urban Energy Systems: A Study of the Clean, Economic and Synergistic Operation
Authors: Jiao Xianan , Wu Jiekang , Mao Yunshou , Yan Mengxuan , Rui Qingtao , Pang Zhikai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs urban areas expand, energy demands are escalating, necessitating the development of urban energy systems (UES) to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction goals. Although small‐scale regional integrated energy supply technologies have reached a level of maturity, urban‐scale integrated energy supply solutions are still in development. In response, this study introduces an architecture for the UES and an economic and low‐carbon operation strategy. The approach begins by constructing a highly reliable and robust integrated energy system (IES) within each independent region to accommodate a variety of energy needs, followed by the establishment of an operational architecture for large‐scale urban energy systems. The study then examines the energy flow and the mathematical model of multiple energies within urban energy systems, simplifying the complex model for practical application. Subsequently, a multiobjective optimization model is developed to facilitate the large‐scale consumption of clean energy, with considerations for economic and low‐carbon operations, and is formatted into a linear programming model. The model's accuracy is empirically tested through numerical simulation in a city divided into three regions. The simulation results demonstrate substantial improvements in clean energy consumption, a reduction in carbon emissions, and a decrease in operational costs. Specifically, the proposed strategy can boost the clean energy consumption rate to 96.41%, cut operational costs by up to 50.13%, and lower carbon dioxide emissions by up to 57.59% compared to traditional technologies. These findings robustly validate the methodology's effectiveness, paving the way for more sustainable urban energy management practices.
Modelling the Impacts of Climate Change on Horticultural Crop Production: Evidence From Turkiye
Authors: Chandio Abbas Ali , Ozdemir Dicle , Tang Xiaoping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPotatoes, tomatoes, and chili peppers are commonly used in our daily diets as primary vegetable food items. However, producing nutritious, fresh, and sustainable vegetables in the context of climate change is a major challenge for both developed and developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impacts of climate change on horticultural crop production, including potatoes, tomatoes, and chili peppers in Turkiye from 1990 to 2020. Using the autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) estimation technique, we demonstrate that climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation changes benefit potato yields in both the long and short term. Conversely, CO2 emissions have a positive impact on potato yields in the long term, but a negative impact in the short term. Furthermore, the results show that temperature fluctuations have detrimental effects on tomato production in the short and long term. On the other hand, increased rainfall and CO2 emissions positively influence tomato yields over the long term. Meanwhile, temperature changes and CO2 emissions boost short‐ and long‐term yields. Besides, the cultivated area and fertilizer use contribute significantly to the production of potatoes, tomatoes, and chilies in the short and long term. Our study suggests that implementing appropriate adaptation and mitigation measures can effectively address the challenges of climate change and promote the sustainable production of vegetables.
Geochemistry of Core Sediments From the Southeast Coast of Bangladesh: Constraints on Chemical Weathering, Paleoenvironmental Conditions, Provenance, and Tectonic Setting
Authors: Hossain H. M. Zakir , Al Hossain Anas , Islam Md. Aminul , Liu Zhifei , Yu Mingyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMajor, trace, and rare‐earth elements (REEs) were examined on modern sediments of a 70‐m long core collected from the southeast coast of Bangladesh to understand chemical weathering, paleo‐redox sensitivity, sediment maturity, source rock composition, and tectonic setting during the deposition of sediments. The core samples contained high SiO2 (62–91 wt.%) and low Al2O3 (~5–17 wt.%) that showed a marked negative correlation (r = −0.98) with linear trends, indicating that the quartz rather than aluminosilicates mainly controlled SiO2. Substantial depletion of major labile elements (e.g., Na2O, CaO*, K2O, Ba, and Sr) compared with the upper continental crust (UCC) indicates the destruction of feldspar during chemical weathering in the source area. The index of compositional variability (ICV) and the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the sediments varied from 0.79 to 1.83 and 3.47–22.69, respectively, indicating immature to moderate compositional and mineralogical maturity. The chemical index of alteration (CIA, ~67–81), chemical index of weathering (CIW, ~69–91), and plagioclase index of alteration (PIA, ~71–92) parameters suggest moderate to high chemical weathering intensity in the source area, which was favoured and accelerated by the warm and humid conditions. The elemental ratios of V/Cr, Ni/V, Ni/Co, U/Th, Cu/Zn, and V/V + Ni suggested oxic to sub‐oxic paleoenvironmental conditions that prevailed during sediment deposition. Provenance discrimination diagrams and elemental ratios (e.g., Th/Sc, Zr/Sc, La/Sc, Cr/V, and Co/Th) suggest their derivation from felsic source rocks (e.g., granodiorite, rhyolite, and granite). The chondrite‐normalised (REEs) distributions show light REE enrichment (LaN/YbN, 7.61–14.35), nearly flat heavy REE (GdN/YbN, 1.33–2.25), and marked Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*, ~0.58–1.40), suggesting an influx of sediments from felsic provenance. The REE patterns and parameters are similar throughout the sequence, confirming that the overall source composition remained unchanged. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams show that the core sediments were mainly derived from active and passive margin environments.
Genetic Associations Among Inflammation, White Matter Architecture, and Extracellular Free Water
Authors: Rodrigue Amanda L. , Knowles Emma E. M. , Mollon Josephine , Mathias Samuel R. , Peralta Juan Manuel , Leandro Ana C. , Fox Peter T. , Kochunov Peter , Olvera Rene L. , Almasy Laura , Curran Joanne E. , Blangero John , Glahn David C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPhenotypic and genetic relationships between white matter microstructure (i.e., fractional anisotropy [FA]) and peripheral inflammatory responses (i.e., circulating cytokines) have important implications for health and disease. However, it is unclear whether previously discovered genetic correlations between the two traits are due to tissue‐specific white matter architecture or increased free water in the extracellular space. We applied a two‐compartment model to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data and estimated tissue‐specific white matter microstructure (FAT) and free water volume (FW). We then quantified their heritability and their genetic correlations with two peripherally circulating proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐8 and TNFα), and compared these correlations to those obtained using traditional FA measures from one‐compartment DTI models. All DTI and cytokine measures were significantly moderately heritable. We confirmed phenotypic and genetic correlations between circulating cytokine levels and single‐compartment FA across the brain (IL‐8: ρp = −0.16, FDRp = 4.8 × 10−07; ρg = −0.37 (0.12), FDRp = 0.01; TNFα: ρp = −0.15, FDRp = 2.4 × 10−07; ρg = −0.34 (0.12), p = 0.01). However, this relationship no longer reached significance when FA measures were derived using the two‐compartment DTI model (IL‐8: ρp = −0.04, FDRp = 0.17; ρg = −0.14 (0.13), FDRp = 0.29; TNFα: ρp = −0.05, FDRp = 0.10; ρg = −0.22 (0.13), FDRp = 0.10). There were significant phenotypic and genetic correlations between FW and both IL‐8 (ρp = 0.19, FDRp = 2.1 × 10−10; ρg = 0.34 (0.11), FDRp = 0.01) and TNFα (ρp = 0.16, FDRp = 1.89 × 10−07; ρg = 0.30 (0.12), FDRp = 0.02). These results have important implications for understanding the mechanisms linking the two phenomena, but they also serve as a cautionary note for those examining associations between white matter integrity using single‐compartment models and inflammatory processes.
The Buffering Role of Anti‐Violence Human Resource Management Practices in Shaping How Police Officers Cope With Workplace Violence
Authors: Alfes Kerstin , Tham Tse Leng , Pariona‐Cabrera Patricia , Holland Peter , Bartram Timothy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAnti‐violence Human Resource Management (HRM) practices can be used as an organizational resource to buffer the effects of violence experienced by frontline workers. This research examines the process through which different forms of workplace violence (i.e., physical, verbal, and vicarious) impact how employees cope, and thereby their intentions to leave the profession. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, we collected two waves of data (N = 371) from police officers in Victoria, Australia, to test our proposed hypotheses. The findings demonstrated that physical violence, verbal abuse, and vicarious violence were positively associated with coping through denial. Importantly, coping through denial mediated the relationship between physical violence, verbal abuse, and vicarious violence on police officers' intention to leave the profession. Finally, anti‐violence HRM practices buffered the indirect effect of physical violence and vicarious violence on the intention to leave the profession via coping through denial, whereas no effect was found for verbal abuse. Our results therefore suggest that anti‐violence HRM practices play a pivotal role in managing incidents of violence at work against frontline workers. The findings' contributions to HRM theory and practice, as well as future research, are discussed.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements in Diagnostics, Treatment, and Operational Efficiency
Authors: Faiyazuddin Md. , Rahman Syed Jalal Q. , Anand Gaurav , Siddiqui Reyaz Kausar , Mehta Rachana , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli , Gaidhane Shilpa , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Hussain Arif , Sah Ranjit 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsArtificial Intelligence (AI) beginning to integrate in healthcare, is ushering in a transformative era, impacting diagnostics, altering personalized treatment, and significantly improving operational efficiency. The study aims to describe AI in healthcare, including important technologies like robotics, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), and to investigate how these technologies are used in patient interaction, predictive analytics, and remote monitoring. The goal of this review is to present a thorough analysis of AI's effects on healthcare while providing stakeholders with a road map for navigating this changing environment.MethodsThis review analyzes the impact of AI on healthcare using data from the Web of Science (2014–2024), focusing on keywords like AI, ML, and healthcare applications. It examines the uses and effects of AI on healthcare by synthesizing recent literature and real‐world case studies, such as Google Health and IBM Watson Health, highlighting AI technologies, their useful applications, and the difficulties in putting them into practice, including problems with data security and resource limitations. The review also discusses new developments in AI, and how they can affect society.ResultsThe findings demonstrate how AI is enhancing the skills of medical professionals, enhancing diagnosis, and opening the door to more individualized treatment plans, as reflected in the steady rise of AI‐related healthcare publications from 158 articles (3.54%) in 2014 to 731 articles (16.33%) by 2024. Core applications like remote monitoring and predictive analytics improve operational effectiveness and patient involvement. However, there are major obstacles to the mainstream implementation of AI in healthcare, including issues with data security and budget constraints.ConclusionHealthcare may be transformed by AI, but its successful use requires ethical and responsible use. To meet the changing demands of the healthcare sector and guarantee the responsible application of AI technologies, the evaluation highlights the necessity of ongoing research, instruction, and multidisciplinary cooperation. In the future, integrating AI responsibly will be essential to optimizing its advantages and reducing related dangers.
The bidirectional relationship between perceived social support and moral sensitivity in adolescents: Evidence from longitudinal study and weekly diary method
Authors: Xiang Yanhui , Hu Zhifang , Tan Qiaolu , Li Xiaojun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionMoral sensitivity, the ability to perceive moral issues, plays a crucial role in societal development and progress. Previous studies have highlighted the significance of perceived social support as a key factor influencing moral sensitivity.MethodBased on the conservation of resources theory, this pioneering study investigates the association between perceived social support and moral sensitivity at both trait and state levels, employing a longitudinal study and a weekly diary method. In Study 1, the relationship between perceived social support and moral sensitivity was examined across two waves (T1 and T2) with 454 adolescents, spaced at 1‐year intervals. Study 2 utilized a weekly diary method to observe 109 adolescents over a 7‐week period.ResultsStudy 1 revealed that (1) T1 perceived social support positively predicted T2 moral sensitivity, while (2) T1 moral sensitivity did not positively predict T2 perceived social support. Study 2 demonstrated that: (1) weekly perceived social support positively predicted weekly moral sensitivity, and (2) weekly moral sensitivity also positively predicted weekly perceived social support.ConclusionIn summary, our findings indicate that over an extended period, perceived social support predicts moral sensitivity. Additionally, in the short term, a bidirectional predictive relationship exists between perceived social support and moral sensitivity. These findings bridge an academic gap and offer crucial theoretical insights into the development of individual moral sensitivity from the perspective of perceived social support.
Latinx Youth in Rural Settings: Understanding the Links Between Ethnic‐Racial Identity, Neighborhood Risks, Perceived Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Bermudez Deziah Lyzell , Garcia Megan Elaine , Iturriaga Valentina Francisca , Rodriguez Ruth Elaine , Gonzales‐Backen Melinda 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe current study examined the relationships between neighborhood risk, perceived ethnic‐racial discrimination, and depressive symptoms among rural Latinx adolescents. We also tested for potential moderation effects of ethnic‐racial identity (ERI) and how these associations differ by gender.MethodsInterviewer‐administered surveys were used to collect quantitative data for this cross‐sectional study in 2017. The sample included 198 Latinx adolescents (Mage = 15.90, SD = 1.47; 54.4% female; 75.6% US born) recruited from rural farm areas in the Southeastern United States. Analyses were performed using hierarchical regression analyses in SPSS. Separate models were run for each ERI component.ResultsResults revealed associations between neighborhood risk, perceived ethnic‐racial discrimination, and depressive symptoms. ERI affirmation significantly moderated the association between neighborhood risk and depressive symptoms, demonstrating protective factors. Gender differences were identified in the hypothesized model.ConclusionsResults highlight the role of neighborhood context and perceived ethnic‐racial discrimination in mental health outcomes among rural Latinx youth. Additionally, the findings suggest ERI may be an effective buffer against these stressors. Our results replicate findings pertaining to the influence of neighborhood risk that have been reported in extant literature and extend what is known of the protective role of ERI to Latinx adolescents from rural communities.
An Antibacterial Hemostasis Sponge of Gelatin/ε‐Poly‐L‐Lysine Composite
Authors: Lu Yifan , Lou Xiangxin , Wang Wenxin , Yang Ziting , Yao Haochen , Wu Jinglei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMassive bleeding and bacterial infection of wounds may be life‐threatening or even lead to death. Nowadays, gelatin‐based hemostatic sponges have been widely used, but gelatin is not antibacterial and has poor structural stability. In this study, we mixed an antibacterial polypeptide, ε‐poly‐L‐lysine (EPL), into gelatin. A gelatin/ε‐poly‐L‐lysine (Gel/EPL) sponge with hemostatic and antibacterial functions was prepared by ultraviolet (UV) crosslinking lyophilized Gel/EPL composite. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sponge had an interconnected porous structure. The incorporation of EPL increased the hydrophilicity and water absorption capacity of the Gel/EPL sponge. The sponge had better structural stability after UV crosslinking. The antibacterial assay showed that bacteria could not grow normally around the Gel/EPL sponge. The contact between blood components and the sponge initiated coagulation via exogenous pathway activation, and no hemolysis occurred. In addition, in vivo experiments confirmed that the sponge has a faster clotting time and lower blood loss. These findings show that the developed Gel/EPL sponge has great potential as a novel hemostatic agent that can quickly stop bleeding and fight bacterial infections.
Uptake of the first to fifth doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Hedberg Pontus , Blixt Lisa , Granath Fredrik , Bergman Peter , Carlander Christina , Aleman Soo , Hansson Lotta ,   the CLHIP study group
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesPatients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) have an increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as well as impaired responses to COVID‐19 vaccination, which may be overcome by repeated booster vaccinations. Our objective was to explore the uptake of the COVID‐19 vaccine in this population since records of this are scarce.MethodsIn this nationwide cohort study, we used multiple population‐based health and sociodemographic registries to study COVID‐19 vaccine uptake in individuals with CLL in Sweden, from 27 December 2020 to 28 February 2023.ResultsA total of 6304 individuals were included. The cumulative incidence (95% confidence interval) at the end of the study period was 95%, 94%, 88%, 78% and 56% for the first, second, third, fourth and fifth doses, respectively. The uptake was significantly higher compared with the age‐standardized nationwide uptake. However, there were large disparities, especially for the fourth and fifth doses, across different age groups, birth regions, and income quartiles. These differences were especially pronounced in intersectional analyses, where individuals born abroad in the lowest income quartile had a vaccine uptake of only 49% and 24% for the fourth and fifth doses, respectively.ConclusionsEven though uptake was generally high in individuals with CLL, it seems to be declining from dose three and onwards, and there are significant sociodemographic disparities in vaccine uptake.