bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landau theory for the Mpemba effect through phase transitions
Authors: Holtzman Roi , Raz Oren 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Mpemba effect describes the situation in which a hot system cools faster than an identical copy that is initiated at a colder temperature. In many of the experimental observations of the effect, e.g. in water and clathrate hydrates, it is defined by the phase transition timing. However, none of the theoretical investigations so far considered the timing of the phase transition, and most of the abstract models used to explore the Mpemba effect do not have a phase transition. We use the phenomenological Landau theory for phase transitions to identify the second order phase transition time, and demonstrate with a concrete example that a Mpemba effect can exist in such models.
Vascular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: update on SARS-CoV-2 infection of endothelial cells and the role of long non-coding RNAs
Authors: Pelisek Jaroslav , Reutersberg Benedikt , Greber Urs F , Zimmermann Alexander 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory disease, it may affect also the cardiovascular system. COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disorder (CVD) develop a more severe disease course with a significantly higher mortality rate than non-CVD patients. A common denominator of CVD is the dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs), increased vascular permeability, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, coagulation, and inflammation. It has been assumed that clinical complications in COVID-19 patients suffering from CVD are caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection of ECs through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and the cellular transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and the consequent dysfunction of the infected vascular cells. Meanwhile, other factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cells have been described, including disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 (ADAM17), the C-type lectin CD209L or heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Here, we discuss the current data about the putative entry of SARS-CoV-2 into endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, we highlight the potential role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) affecting vascular permeability in CVD, a process that might exacerbate disease in COVID-19 patients.
Self-Report of Voice Model Usage Within the Nonbinary and Gender-Nonconforming Populations
Authors: Hosbach-Cannon Carly Jo , Miholics Kallie , Zendano Alana 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Nonbinary and gender-nonconforming identities are seeking speech-language pathology services more than ever; however, their needs do not fit into the current rhetoric surrounding gender-affirming communication modification. At present, there are limited peer-reviewed data, assessment materials, or evidence-based techniques to achieve a gender-neutral voice or communication style. In addition, what constitutes a gender-neutral voice is left to broad interpretation. This research note provides descriptive information on voice models self-reported by gender-diverse individuals.

Method:
Voice model data were obtained from a larger survey study assessing barriers to health care and voice dysphoria in nonbinary and gender-nonconforming individuals. Demographic information and continuous speech samples were obtained from publicly available resources. Acoustic information was obtained, edited, and analyzed in Praat.

Results:
Six respondents (five assigned female at birth, one assigned male at birth) reported at least one specific person they identified as having a voice they preferred or would like to model their own voice after, for 13 total voice models (10 cisgender, three transgender). Among the voice models, average fundamental frequency was 154 Hz, average range was 381 Hz, and average minimum–maximum measures were 85–466 Hz.

Conclusions:
Specific parameters that constitute a gender-neutral voice or communication style have yet to be determined. Individuals seeking to achieve a more gender-neutral voice may have varying interpretations of what they perceive as being gender neutral. Speech-language pathologists providing gender-affirming communication modification services need to take these factors into consideration when establishing a collaborative experience for nonbinary or gender-nonconforming individuals.
Effects of radiation, curvature, and preferential diffusion on the extinction of laminar non-premixed flames
Authors: Gao Yushan , Han Wang , Chen Zheng , Fu Qingfei , Yang Lijun 
Published: November 2022

The combined effects of radiative heat loss, curvature, and preferential diffusion on laminar non-premixed flames (or flamelets) are investigated in this work by using asymptotic analysis. A general theoretical description of flame temperature and extinction is derived for curved flames with non-unity Lewis numbers and radiative heat loss. Special attention is paid to the effects of curvature and radiative heat loss on the flammability limits. The results show that (1) a curved flamelet always has two extinction limits: one is the kinetic extinction limit, and the other is the curvature-induced extinction limit for the adiabatic case or the radiative extinction limit for the radiative case; (2) the curvature exerts a different influence on the adiabatic and radiative flames. Specifically for the adiabatic flame, it is found that both flame temperature and flame position significantly decrease as the curvature increases and that a new extinction limit at a low stretch rate occurs due to the existence of curvature. Furthermore, a higher curvature coupled with the increase in the Lewis number results in a lower flammability limit and narrower flammable zone. Therefore, the presence of curvature has a negative impact on the adiabatic flame. On the contrary, for the radiative flame, the results show that the increase in curvature has a positive effect on the flammability limit and thereby increases the flammable zone. It is expected that curved flamelets hold smaller (larger) flammable zones than planar flamelets under the adiabatic (radiative) condition. All results show that the change in flame curvature has a stronger effect on the flame structure and extinction than the deviation of the Lewis number from unity.
Linking microwave heating of aqueous spheres to morphology-dependent resonances
Authors: Song Yuchen , Shafe-Purcell John , Slepkov Aaron D. 
Published: November 2022

It was recently suggested that the sparking of grape dimers in microwave ovens is due to the interaction of morphology-dependent resonances in aqueous spheres. However, evidence for microwave resonances in individual grape-sized aqueous spheres has remained weak and is open to interpretation. In this work, we provide new experimental evidence for size-dependent resonances in hydrogel spheres via calorimetric measurement of the electromagnetic energy absorbed by hydrogel spheres under microwave irradiation. Using finite-element simulations, we predict the resonant behavior of grape-sized aqueous spheres and further explore the differences between mode intensities in free-space and various in situ positions of a microwave oven. The lowest morphology-dependent resonance—a magnetic dipolar mode—is experimentally confirmed, appearing at the predicted diameter of ∼1.35 cm. Finally, experimental evidence for higher order modes in larger spheres is suggestive but remains unresolved.
Principles, design and implementation of a direct AC-to-AC power converter—Regulated electronic transformer
Authors: Flaxer Eli 
Published: November 2022

In the last three decades, the energy conversion market has been dominated by switching power converters due to reduction of size and cost of electronic components. This market includes four types of conversion: DC–DC, DC–AC, AC–DC, and AC–AC. While the first three types are applied directly in a single conversion, the AC–AC converter is comprised of two serial converters leading to an AC–DC–AC conversion. This article introduces, for the first time, a real direct single-stage AC–AC conversion electronic transformer. The single stage AC–AC converter is fabricated using a unique high efficiency topology, combined with the advantages of dual-stage power-quality protection. This single-stage AC–AC regulated electronic transformer is stabilized, controlled, protected, and can lock onto any line voltage (110 or 220 V) with a frequency of 45–65 Hz. Stabilization is achieved by fast pulse-width modulation technology, applied by two-way fast solid-state switches. The transformer is controlled by a 150 MHz digital signal processor and is fully protected against overcurrent and output short circuits. Our first stage transformer is a single-phase device with 5 kW power with an efficiency of better than 97% with one-tenth of the weight and volume of present conventional electromechanical transformers.
Comb-shaped Sb2S3 nanorod arrays on ZnO nanofibers for thin-film photovoltaics
Authors: Zhou Boyang , Sagawa Takashi 
Published: November 2022

A hierarchical composite of Sb2S3 nanorods grown on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofiber was prepared, and the formation of comb-shaped Sb2S3 nanorod arrays on the ZnO nanofibers was confirmed. It was found that the size of the diameter and the density of the nanorods are regulatable by changing the concentration of polyvinyl pyrrolidone as an additive for the growth of Sb2S3 nanorod on ZnO nanofiber. The obtained Sb2S3 nanorod arrays were applied as a light absorber for thin-film solar cells composed of glass-fluorine-doped tin oxide/compact ZnO/ZnO nanofibers−ZnS/Sb2S3 nanorod arrays/poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)/MoOx/Ag. The rectification ratio and photocurrent generation efficiency of the comb-shaped Sb2S3 nanorod arrays were improved as compared with the heterojunction of randomly stacked Sb2S3 nanorods. Smaller series resistance (Rs) of 8.13 Ω cm−2 and an ideality factor (n) of 2.84 with the comb-shaped Sb2S3 nanorod arrays than those of the randomly stacked ones of Rs = 15.01 Ω cm−2 and n = 3.83 also indicated superior charge extraction property and suppressed recombination of the comb-shaped Sb2S3 nanorod arrays at the interface.
Novel simulation of the time fractional Burgers–Fisher equations using a non-polynomial spline fractional continuity method
Authors: Yousif Majeed A. , Hamasalh Faraidun K. 
Published: November 2022

In a recent study, we investigate the Burgers–Fisher equation through a developed scheme, namely, the non-polynomial spline fractional continuity method. The proposed models represent nonlinear optics, chemical physics, gas dynamics, and heat conduction. The basic concept of the new approach is constructing a non-polynomial spline with a fractional continuity equation instead of a natural derivative. Furthermore, the truncation error is analyzed to determine the order of convergence for the proposed scheme, and we presented theoretically the stability of the developed scheme using the von Neumann method. One might easily conclude that the new scheme is quite successful and effective in obtaining the numerical solutions of the time partial/fractional partial differential equations. In addition, we plotted contour, 2D, and 3D graphs for some reported solutions to compare the presented solution with an exact solution. The investigated method was tested in some examples and compared to previous solutions for showing the applicability and effectiveness of the developed numerical scheme. The absolute and norm errors L2 and L∞ has calculated to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented scheme. To our knowledge, all obtained solutions in this research paper are novel and not published beforehand.
Historical ecology of semi-enclosed coastal embayments: tools and techniques for discovering ecological events of the recent past
Authors: Pedretti Yvette M. , Robson Belinda J. 
Published: November 2022

The sheltered environments of coastal embayments have played a vital role for humans for millennia and their resources have underpinned modern industrial development globally. Their effective management and restoration remains an enormous challenge, owing, in part, to lack of recognition of the threshold changes that occurred in many bays prior to scientific study (i.e. >50 years ago). Advances in marine extraction technologies and increased clearing of catchments for agriculture and urbanisation in recent history (∼400 years) have resulted in profound physical, chemical and biological changes to these ecosystems. More recently, the integration of ecology, history, archaeology, economics and fisheries science have contributed to the emerging field of ‘marine historical ecology’ (MHE). The synthesis of information from these different disciplines can markedly improve knowledge of past ecosystem condition, thereby assisting managers to set realistic goals for environmental restoration to improve biodiversity and ecosystem function. This paper reviews historical knowledge of long-term environmental degradation processes in coastal embayments, summarising the wide range of methods and techniques used as evidence and providing examples from around the world, thereby illustrating the need for longer time-frames of reference for contemporary restoration ecology.
Prevalence of anti-hepatitis B core in men who have sex with men attending a sexual health clinic in Brighton, UK, from 2012 to 2019
Authors: Gouda Mahmoud , Fitzpatrick Colin , Williams Deborah , Richardson Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Objective Hepatitis B is sexually transmitted among men who have sex with men (MSM) and has previously been endemic in some populations of MSM. Presence of anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) determines previous or ongoing infection. We aimed to establish the prevalence and associations of anti-HBc in our clinic population of MSM. Method A cross-sectional study of newly attending MSM to determine the prevalence and associations of testing positive for anti-HBc using our clinic database from 2012 to 2019. We used crude odds ratios to identify any associations. Results There were 3342/5842 (58%) newly attending MSM who were tested for anti-HBc between 2012 and 2019. Of the 3342 MSM tested for anti-HBc, the median age was 30 years (interquartile range 23–43), 442 (13%) were living with HIV, 10 (0.3%) were HBsAg positive, 62 (1.9%) had past/current hepatitis C, 401 (12%) had a positive syphilis enzyme immunoassay (EIA), 455 (14%) were diagnosed with either gonorrhoea or chlamydia and 1080 (32%) were non-UK born. A total of 331 (10%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 8.9–11.0) tested positive for anti-HBc and the proportion testing positive reduced significantly throughout the study period (P < 0.004). Testing positive for anti-HBc was associated with age >30 years (OR = 8.2, 95% CI = 5.9–11.4, P < 0.0001), having past/current hepatitis C (odds ratio (OR) = 5.0, 95% CI = 3.0–8.6, P < 0.0001), having a positive syphilis EIA (OR = 5.9, 95% CI = 4.4–7.3, P < 0.0001) and being non-UK born (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.8, P < 0.006). There were no associations with HIV status or having a diagnosis of gonorrhoea or chlamydia. Conclusion Although reducing, the prevalence of anti-HBc remains endemic in MSM locally and further efforts are needed to enhance hepatitis B prevention strategies.
Recounting bias can affect abundance estimates from intensive helicopter surveys of feral goats
Authors: Tracey John P. , Fleming Peter J. S. 
Published: November 2022

Context Aerial surveys are widely used for estimating the abundance of wildlife over large areas. The failure to count all animals within survey transects is commonly acknowledged and there are many techniques to measure and correct for underestimation. However, the possibility of animals being counted more than once in intensive surveys, which leads to overestimation, is rarely examined. Animals can move in response to observers or vehicles, and bias can occur when animals move before or after detection. Movement of animals immediately prior to and associated with observation processes is methodologically accommodated in distance sampling but bias attributable to responsive movement after observation platforms have passed requires investigation. Aims We sought to investigate potential biases caused by animal movement during intensive helicopter surveys of feral goats, and to quantify the probability that animals are available for recounting because of their responsive movements. Methods Using ground-based behavioural studies simultaneous with intensive helicopter strip surveys of feral goats, we measured the extent of responsive movement, distances and directions moved, and sampling design parameters, and contrasted those with random movements. Key results Feral goats did not move randomly in response to helicopters. Animals within the transect strips, and therefore potentially visible from the aircraft, were more likely to move than those outside the transect. Considerable responsive movement (flushing) occurred between transects and more animals (64%, n = 448) moved towards unsampled transects than towards transects already sampled. Because of the spatial separation of transects, 21% of goats were available for recounting in adjacent transects, leading to potential overestimation. Conclusions Although most extensive surveys of macropods and other wildlife in Australia account for overestimation in their design, surveys that sample intensively and apply valid corrections for undercounting are likely to produce positively biased estimates of abundance where flushing occurs. Likewise, intensive thermal surveys could be subject to positive bias for animals prone to flushing. This is routinely ignored in wildlife management and research where close transects are used to estimate abundance. Implications Responsive movement requires consideration when designing intensive aerial surveys of wildlife. Randomised transects without replacement or larger distances between transects will counteract recounting bias.
Learning to introduce referents in narration is resilient to the effects of late sign language exposure
Authors: Gür Cansu , Sümer Beyza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of late sign language exposure on narrative development in Turkish Sign
Language (TİD) by focusing on the introductions of main characters and the linguistic strategies used in these introductions. We
study these domains by comparing narrations produced by native and late signers in TİD. The results of our study reveal that late
sign language exposure does not hinder the acquisition of linguistic devices to introduce main characters in narrations. Thus, their
acquisition seems to be resilient to the effects of late language exposure. Our study further suggests that a two-year exposure to
sign language facilitates the acquisition of these skills in signing children even in the case of late language exposure, thus
providing further support for the importance of sign language exposure to develop linguistic skills for signing children.
Wannier excitons confined in hexagonal boron nitride triangular quantum dots
Authors: Martins Quintela M F C , Peres N M R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the ever-growing interest in quantum computing, understanding the behavior of excitons in monolayer quantum dots has become a topic of great relevance. In this paper, we consider a Wannier exciton confined in a triangular quantum dot of hexagonal boron nitride. We begin by outlining the adequate basis functions to describe a particle in a triangular enclosure, analyzing their degeneracy and symmetries. Afterwards, we discuss the excitonic Hamiltonian inside the quantum dot and study the influence of the quantum dot dimensions on the excitonic states.
Convolutive blind source separation in the frequency domain of mechanical noise for gas turbines based on bounded component analysis
Authors: Cheng Wei , Chen Shuang , Song Chao , Ou Kai , Chen Xuefeng , Wang Jun , Yan Liqi , Yang Mingsui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Noise source identification of gas turbines can provide the basis and guidance for vibration and noise reduction of gas turbines. Independent component analysis (ICA) is one of the most popular techniques for blind source separation (BSS) widely used in vibration and noise source separation in mechanical systems. ICA is suitable for independent source signals. However, in order to identify dependent mechanical noise sources in gas turbines, a convolutive BSS in the frequency domain based on bounded component analysis (BCA) is proposed. First, the basic theory of BSS and BCA is introduced in detail. The convolutive mixing in the time domain is transformed into an instantaneous mixing in the frequency domain by short time Fourier transform (STFT), and complex BCA is performed at each frequency bin. Second, a permutation alignment method based on local and global optimization is proposed to solve the problem of the permutation ambiguity. Finally, the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method are comparatively studied through typical numerical and experimental studies on a three-rotor experimental bench. The results show that the proposed method can effectively separate and identify independent and dependent source signals.
Acoustic suppressed topological refraction in valley sonic crystals
Authors: Wang Bing-bing , Jia Ding , Ge Yong , Yuan Shou-qi , Sun Hong-xiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We report both experimentally and numerically that an acoustic suppressed topological refraction is realized by two kagome-lattice valley sonic crystals (VSCs). By simply rotating triangle rods in the VSCs, acoustic valley Hall phase transitions can be obtained. In a designed topological waveguide composed of two VSCs with distinct valley topological phases, two types of valley edge states can be observed in the domain wall. Furthermore, the topological waveguide can support a suppressed topological refraction of sound, which arises from the excitation of an acoustic dipole mode at the exit of the domain wall. Such a phenomenon is experimentally demonstrated by scanning topological refractions of the edge states from a zigzag termination, in which the theoretical prediction of a negative refraction almost overlaps with the perpendicular bisector of the dipole mode, and thus it is suppressed totally. Finally, the robustness of the suppressed topological refraction is demonstrated experimentally. Our work can find potential applications in designing the devices of robust directional sound transports and communications.
Near-infrared light emitting devices from Er doped silica thin films via introducing SnO2 nanocrystals
Authors: Wang LiXiang , Zhang YangYi , Chen JiaMing , Qu EnZe , Zhao JingJie , Li Dongke , Li Wei , Xu Jun , Chen KunJi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To get high performance light emitting devices on Si platform with emission wavelength at 1.55 μm is a challenge for future Si-based opto-electronic integration chips. In this paper, we fabricated near-infrared light-emitting devices based on Er/SnO2 co-doped silica thin films. The introduction of SnO2 nanocrystals with controllable size and density not only contributes to the near-infrared light emission enhancement of Er3+ ions at 1.55 μm, but also provides an effective carrier transport channel to realize efficient and stable electro-luminescence. The corresponding devices exhibit an external quantum efficiency of 5.4% at near infrared light region and the power efficiency is about 1.52 × 10−3. Our present work lays a solid foundation for facilitating Si-based light source towards practical application in the field of optoelectronic interconnection.