bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of advection schemes and numerical stabilization filters on separated turbulent flows past a three-dimensional hill using WRF-LES
Authors: Cao Yong , Tao Tao , Zhang Kai , Zhou Dai , Chen Wen-Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Explicit resolution of fine-scale turbulent motions is increasingly preferable in the framework of weather research and forecasting - large-eddy simulation (WRF-LES). While much is known about the effects of turbulence models, grid resolutions and nesting procedure in the atmospheric boundary layer over flat terrain, few studies have evaluated the performance of WRF-LES in resolving the separated turbulent flow past an obstacle. This study focuses on the flows past a three-dimensional (3D) asymmetric hill, and systematically investigate the effects of advection schemes (3rd–6th order accuracy) on the flow dynamics and turbulence characteristics under the neutral condition, including 3D vortex shedding, turbulent kinetic energy and energy spectra. Results show that the change from the odd-order schemes (widely used by WRF-LES users) to the even-order schemes results in considerable improvements of flow instability and small-scale turbulent motion prediction. Specifically, the even-order schemes produce earlier instability of separated flow behind the hill and the roll-up of hairpin vortices, which is closer to available wind-tunnel experiments. The energy spectra demonstrate the higher capacity of inertial subrange of turbulent motions in the wake of massively separated flow when the even-order schemes are applied. Almost half effective resolution could be obtained by the even-order schemes with respect to the odd-order schemes. Furthermore, we found that the increase in time off-centering coefficient in the acoustic integration significantly augments the numerical convergence without markedly contaminating the turbulent flow prediction.
A New Modified Adomian Decomposition Scheme for Solving Linear and Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems with Neumann Conditions
Authors: Mulenga Justina , Phiri Patrick Azere 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A new solution scheme for solving boundary value problems with Neumann conditions is proposed. The scheme is based on the modified Adomian decomposition method and the inverse linear operator theorem. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Estimating nosocomial infection and its outcomes in hospital patients in England with a diagnosis of COVID-19 using machine learning
Authors: Hardy Flavien , Heyl Johannes , Tucker Katie , Hopper Adrian , Marchã Maria J. , Navaratnam Annakan V. , Briggs Tim W.R. , Yates Jeremy , Day Jamie , Wheeler Andrew , Eve-Jones Sue , Gray William K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose.
Our aim was to provide a comprehensive account of COVID-19 nosocomial infections (NIs) in England and identify their characteristics and outcomes using machine learning.
Methods.
From the Hospital Episodes Statistics database, 374,244 adult hospital patients in England with a diagnosis of COVID-19 and discharged between March 1st 2020 and March 31st 2021 were identified. A cohort of suspected COVID-19 NIs was identified using four empirical methods linked to hospital coding. A random forest classifier was designed to model the characteristics of these infections.
Results.
The model estimated a mean NI rate of 10.5%, with a peak close to 18% during the first wave, but much lower rates (7%) thereafter. NIs were highly correlated with longer lengths of stay, high trust capacity strain, greater age and a higher degree of patient frailty, and associated with higher mortality rates and more severe COVID-19 sequelae, including pneumonia, kidney disease and sepsis.
Conclusions.
Identification of the characteristics of patients who acquire NIs should help trusts to identify those most at risk. The evolution of the NI rate over time may reflect the impact of changes in hospital management practices and vaccination efforts. Variations in NI rates across trusts may partly reflect different data recording and coding practice.
Evaluation of X-ray and carbon-ion beam irradiation with chemotherapy for the treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma cells on 2D and 3D cultures
Authors: Sekihara Kazumasa , Himuro Hidetomo , Saito Nao , Ota Yukihide , Kouro Taku , Kusano Yohsuke , Minohara Shinichi , Hirayama Ryoichi , Katoh Hiroyuki , Sasada Tetsuro , Hoshino Daisuke 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and causes more than 250,000 deaths worldwide. Among these, the incidence of cervical adenocarcinomas is increasing. Cervical adenocarcinoma is not only difficult to detect and prevent in the early stages by screening, but it is also resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and its prognosis worsens significantly as the disease progresses. Furthermore, when recurrence or metastasis is observed, treatment options are limited and there is no curative treatment. Recently, heavy-particle radiotherapy has attracted attention owing to its high tumor control and minimal damage to normal tissues. In addition, heavy particle irradiation is effective for cancer stem cells and hypoxic regions, which are difficult to treat. In this study, we cultured cervical adenocarcinoma cell lines (HeLa and HCA-1) in two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cultures and evaluated the effects of X-ray and carbon-ion (C-ion) beams. X-ray irradiation decreased the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in 2D cultures, whereas this effect was attenuated in 3D spheroid cultures. In contrast, C-ion beam irradiation demonstrated the same antitumor effect in 3D spheroid cultures as in 2D cultures. In 3D spheroid cultures, X-rays and anticancer drugs are attenuated because of hypoxia inside the spheroids. However, the impact of the C-ion beam was almost the same as that of the 2D culture, because heavy-particle irradiation was not affected by hypoxia. These results suggest that heavy-particle radiotherapy may be a new therapeutic strategy for overcoming the resistance of cervical adenocarcinoma to treatment.
Absolute location estimation using QUAD GPS and image sensor for Autonomous ATV vehicle for military application and critical mission
Authors: Kalaimagal S , Kumar M Pradeep , Rajendraboopathy S R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
True autonomous system for off road vehicle are most important requirement for the future 2 military and rescue operations. At any point the Autonomous All Terrain Vehicle AATV will get 3 instruction to reach the destination location defined by the geographical co ordinates [1]. AATV 4 should estimate a path and move towards its destination using GPS However the Finding GPS signal 5 consistently anywhere in the off road is difficult due to huge attenuation. As a result estimating right 6 path is difficult. Hence the autonomous vehicle may go around an long loop or travel huge distance 7 to reach its destination. Existing INS technologies has some limitation which is also improved in 8 this research work. The wedyork delivers a combined improvement in system performance by various 9 technology, Algorithm, Hardware, software and Methodology. We present this paper with more of 10 experimental aspects.
Nano-micron composite lithium-rich cathode materials prepared by oxalic acid one-step method
Authors: Li Yanli , Wang Zhen , Yang Fang , Li Zebei , Chen Cunguang , Guo Zhimeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lithium-rich material Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 with special nano-micron composite structure is synthesized by one-step oxalic acid method. The sample (SOP) is made of micron particles (1 ~ 3 µm) and nano particles (~ 100 nm). Compared with the sample (COP) prepared by traditional co-precipitation method, SOP has good rate performance and cycle stability. The specific discharge capacity of SOP sample reaches 104.2 mAh/g at 10 C, while that of COP sample is only 68.5 mAh/g. After 300 cycles, SOP still has a specific discharge capacity of 2.01mAh/g and the capacity retention rate is 89.6%, while COP only has a specific discharge capacity of 135.8 mAh/g and the capacity retention rate is 58%. Structure allocation with nano-micron particles is conducive to electrochemical performance improvement. This study provides a new idea for the synthesis of Lithium-rich material with better performance.
Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Seo Mi-Na , Eom Sang-Yong , Lim Ji-Ae , Lee Jung-Eum , Choi Byung-Sun , Kwon Ho-Jang , Hong Young-Seoub , Kim Heon , Park Jung-Duck 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with an exceptionally long biological half-life. The liver is a major organ for Cd metabolism, but the toxicity of Cd is unclear. This study sought to determine whether blood Cd (BCd) level (representing recent exposure [months] to Cd) was associated with liver function in Korean adults, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The baseline cross-sectional study involved 2,086 adults (male: 908, female: 1,178) in 2010−2011, and 503 of them (male: 207, female: 296) were followed up in 2014−2015. BCd was measured by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, and liver function indices (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and γ-glutamyltransferase [GGT]) were determined. Liver damage was defined as an abnormal elevation of more than one liver function index. The geometric mean of BCd (1.07 µg/L) was higher in females than in males (1.16 vs. 0.96 µg/L). Liver function indices increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner according to the BCd levels, except for ALT in males, and were higher in males than in females. BCd level was also associated with the risk of liver damage in both sexes. No significant changes in BCd were observed between baseline and follow-up. The liver function indices in 2014−2015 were comparable to those in 2010−2011 in males, while ALT and GGT were significantly increased in 2014−2015 compared to 2010−2011 in females with relatively high BCd. These findings suggest that even a low level of environmental Cd exposure, short- and long-term, may affect liver function, and females appear more susceptible than males.
1-extendability of independent sets
Authors: Bergé Pierre , Busson Anthony , Feghali Carl , Watrigant Rémi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the 70s, Berge introduced 1-extendable graphs (also called B-graphs), which are graphs where every vertex belongs to a maximum independent set. Motivated by an application in the design of wireless networks, we study the computational complexity of 1-extendability, the problem of deciding whether a graph is 1-extendable. We show that, in general, 1-extendability cannot be solved in 2o(n) time assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis, where n is the number of vertices of the input graph, and that it remains NP-hard in subcubicplanar graphs and in unit disk graphs (which is a natural model for wireless networks). Although 1-extendability seems to be very closeto the problem of finding an independent set of maximum size (a.k.a. Maximum Independent Set), we show that, interestingly, there exist 1-extendable graphs for which Maximum Independent Set is NP-hard.Finally, we investigate a parameterized version of 1-extendability.
Hocus POCUS! Parental quantification of left ventricular ejection fraction using point of care ultrasound: fiction or reality?
Authors: Jaji Amina , Loomba Rohit S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Point of care ultrasound has become increasingly utilized in pediatric settings. The assessment of cardiac function is one such implementation of this. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of parents in acquiring images to assess function using a handheld ultrasound probe and the correlation of shortening fraction measurements by handheld ultrasound with hospital acquired echocardiography.
Methods
Single-center prospective study in which parents of pediatric patients admitted to the hospital. Parents underwent a 25-minute education session on how to use the handheld ultrasound probe and then were asked to acquire a parasternal short axis and apical four chamber image on their own. Acquired images were reviewed by two physicians to determine adequacy of images to assess systolic cardiac function subjectively and objectively. Shortening fraction was measured using parent-acquired images and then compared to recent hospital acquired shortening fraction.
Results
A total of 25 parents of 21 patients enrolled and completed the study. Of the enrolled parents, 96% of both parasternal short axis and apical four chamber images acquired were deemed appropriate for subjective assessment of systolic function. Inter-reader variability of shortening fractioning was moderate between two readers. Correlation of shortening fraction measured from parent-acquired images versus hospital acquired images was moderate.
Conclusion
Parents were able to successfully obtain a parasternal short axis and apical four chamber image adequate to assess function and quantify shortening fraction after a 25-minute education session. This pilot data demonstrates that further exploration of parent performed point of care cardiac assessment may be warranted.
Coproptosis related lncRNAs gene signature establishes a prognostic model of gastric adenocarcinoma and evaluate the effect of antineoplastic drugs
Authors: Tu Hengjia , Zhang Qingling , Xue Lingna , Bao Junrong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: One of the most frequent malignancies of the digestive system is stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Recent research has demonstrated how Cuproptosis (copper-dependent cell death) differs from other cell death mechanisms that were previously understood. Cuproptosis regulation in tumour cells could be a brand-new treatment strategy. Our goal was to create a cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature. Additionally, in order to evaluate the possible immunotherapeutic advantages and drug sensitivity, we attempted to study the association between these lncRNAs and the tumour immune microenvironment of STAD tumours.
The TCGA database was accessed to download the RNA sequencing data, genetic mutations, and clinical profiles for TCGA STAD. To locate lncRNAs related with cuproptosis and build risk-prognosis models, three techniques were used: co-expression network analysis, Cox-regression techniques, and LASSO techniques. Additionally, an integrated methodology was used to validate the models' predictive capabilities. Then, using GO and KEGG analysis, we discovered the variations in biological functions between each group. The link between the risk score and various medications for STAD treatment was estimated using the tumour mutational load (TMB) and tumour immune dysfunction and rejection (TIDE) scores.
Result: We gathered 22 genes linked to cuproptosis based on prior literature. Six lncRNAs related with cuproptosis were used to create a prognostic marker (AC016394.2, AC023511.1, AC147067.2, AL590705.3, HAGLR, and LINC01094). After that, the patients were split into high-risk and low-risk groups. A statistically significant difference in overall survival between two groups was visible in the survival curves. The risk score was demonstrated to be an independent factor affecting the prognosis by both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Different risk scores were substantially related with the various immunological states of STAD patients, as further evidenced by immune cell infiltration and ssGSEA analysis. The two groups had differing burdens of tumour mutations. In addition, immunotherapy was more effective for STAD patients in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group, and risk scores for STAD were substantially connected with medication sensitivity.
Conclusions: We discovered a marker for 6-cuproposis-associated lncRNAs linked to STAD as prognostic predictors, which may be useful biomarkers for risk stratification, evaluation of possible immunotherapy, and assessment of treatment sensitivity for STAD.
Use of myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in the application of auxiliary reproductive technologies
Authors: Titova M. S. , Kolodina M. I. , Lyashenko A. S. , Lyashenko E. N. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. A large number of treatments for women with PCOS are currently under consideration. Treatment with myo-inositol is one of the new approaches to the treatment of PCOS. Aim. To study the effect of myo-inositol on the restoration of reproductive function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome using assisted reproductive technologies. Materials and methods. We conducted a systematic search and analysis of scientific papers in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, eLIBRARY, CyberLeninka and Google Scholar using the search PCOS, myo-inositol therapy and assisted reproductive technologies in PCOS terms. Results and discussion. In the development of PCOS, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism play a role in 30–40 % of cases. Myo-inositol, which is an endogenous metabolite of the human body, is involved in the synthesis of inositol phosphate derivatives, which are necessary for signal transmission from insulin, GnRH, LH, FSH receptors. This substance helps to increase insulin sensitivity, which can reduce hyperandrogenism and improve the menstrual cycle. We analyzed the literature on the use of MI in women with PCOS with assisted reproductive technologies, since Myo-inositol is effective in normalizing ovarian function, improving the quality of oocytes and embryos in PCOS. Conclusion. The studies we examined show improvements in ovarian function, oocyte and embryo quality in patients taking myo-inositol combined with other drugs. However, further examination of large multicenter, randomized, controlled studies are needed to evaluate pregnancy and live births, as there are sources that do not confirm the efficacy of myo-inositol therapy.
Evaluation of organics reduction performance of the GAC filtration with regenerated carbons using the long-term operational data of drinking water treatment facilities
Authors: Kim Seung-Hyun , Kim Sanggoo , Yoom Hoonsik , Son Heejong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Degradation of raw water quality promoted the introduction of GAC (granular activated carbon) filtration and ozonation into Korean drinking water treatment facilities in 1994 in order to cope with organic pollutants. This study focuses on the evaluation of organics reduction performance of the GAC filtration with regenerated carbons using long-term operational data. Three drinking water treatment facilities at Busan were selected for this purpose. It was found in this study that GAC filtration and ozonation helped these facilities to reduce the treated levels of DOC (dissolve organic carbon) as well as of 1,4-dioxane. Regeneration affected organics reduction performance of GAC filtration. The GAC filtration with regenerated carbons was found more effective for DOC reduction, while the filtration with virgin carbons was more effective for THM (trihalomethane) reduction. These results were related to the pore size change that occurred after the regeneration. The regeneration increased the meso pore volume but decreased the micro pore volume. The regeneration cycle was important for the decrease in the micro pore volume. The micro pore volume remained relatively unchanged after the first regeneration but was substantially decreased after the regeneration was repeated by more than second time.
Dynamic characteristics of drought conditions during the growth of summer maize
Authors: Cui Bifeng , Ma Jianqin , Liu Lei , Hao Xiuping , Song Zhirui , Fang Cheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the applicability of a SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in understanding the effects of drought on summer maize. A real-time irrigation module was developed for the downstream irrigation area of the Yellow River to estimate the real-time irrigation of crops. By further simulating the dynamic evolution process of soil moisture content, a dynamic drought evaluation model of summer maize was established, and the relative soil moisture was set as the evaluation index to assess and analyze the dynamic variation of drought evolution during the growth of summer maize. The results showed that the improved SWAT model has strong applicability. During the growth of summer maize, the variation trend of drought is consistent with that of natural precipitation. Moreover, drought mainly occurs during the sowing-seedling and seedling-jointing stages, and the average frequency is 84.8 and 78.3%, respectively. Moderate drought is most likely to occur during the growth of summer maize and occurs mainly during the sowing-seedling and seedling-jointing stages, and the occurrence frequency is 55.3 and 32.6%, respectively. Extra-severe drought has the greatest impact, mainly in the jointing-tasseling, tasseling-milking and milking-maturity stages, and the occurrence frequency is 17.4, 15.2 and 10.9%, respectively.
Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticle’s Safety in Biomedical and Agricultural
Applications: A Review of Recent Progress
Authors: Shakil Md Salman , Bhuiya Md Simul , Morshed Md Reaz , Babu Golap , Niloy Mahruba Sultana , Hossen Md Sakib , Islam Md Asiful 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFN) have drawn attention as a theranostic agent.
Unique physicochemical features of CFN and magnetic properties make CFN an outstanding
candidate for biomedical, agricultural, and environmental applications. The extensive
use of CFN may result in intentional inoculation of humans for disease diagnosis and
therapeutic purposes or unintentional penetration of CFN via inhalation, ingestion, adsorption,
or other means. Therefore, understanding the potential cytotoxicity of CFN may pave
the way for their future biomedical and agricultural applications. This review scrutinized
CFN biocompatibility, possible effects, and cytotoxic mechanisms in different biological
systems. Literature indicates CFN toxicity is linked with their size, synthesizing methods,
coating materials, exposure time, route of administration, and test concentrations. Some in
vitro cytotoxicity tests showed misleading results of CFN potency; this might be due to
the interaction of CFN with cytotoxicity assay regents. To date, published research indicates
that the biocompatibility of CFN outweighed its cytotoxic effects in plant or animal
models, but the opposite outcomes were observed in aquatic Zebrafish.