bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a high-efficiency temporal engine for real-time satellite image classification using augmented incremental transfer learning for crop analysis
Authors: Dhande Akshay , Malik Rahul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Satellite image processing is a multidomain task which involves design of image capturing, denoising, segmentation, feature extraction, feature reduction, classification, and post-processing tasks. A wide variety of satellite image processing models are proposed by researchers, and each of them have different data & process requirements. For instance, image capturing module Might obtain Images in layered form, while feature extraction module might require data in 2D or 3D forms. Moreover, performance of these models also varies due to changes in internal process parameters & dataset parameters, which limits their accuracy and scalability when applied to real-time scenarios. To reduce the probability of these limitations, a novel high-efficiency temporal engine for real-time satellite image classification using augmented incremental transfer learning is proposed & discussed in this text. The model initially captures real-time satellite data using Google’s Earth Engine and processes it using a transfer learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) via backscatter coefficient analysis. These coefficients indicate average intensity value of Precision Image (PRI) when evaluated over a distributed target. Due to extraction of backscattering coefficients, the model is capable of representing crop images in VV (vertical transmit, vertical receive), and HV (horizontal transmit vertical receive) modes. Thereby assisting the CNN model to extract a wide variety of features from input satellite image, which classifies these datasets (original, VV, and VH) into different crop categories. The classified images are further processed via an incremental learning layer, which assists in visual identification of affected regions. Due to use of incremental learning and CNN for classification, the proposed TRSAITL model is capable of achieving an average accuracy of 97.8% for crop type & severity of damage detection, with an average PSNR of 29.6 dB for different image types. The model was tested on different regions around our local geographical area, and consistent performance was observed. This performance was also compared with various state-of-the-art approaches, and it was observed that the proposed TRSATL model has 5% better accuracy, 4.6% better precision, and 7.9% better recall when compared with them, which makes it highly useful for real-time satellite-based crop classification applications.
Polygenic risk score analysis identifies deleterious protein-coding variants in novel immune pathway genes ATP8B4, FCGR1A, and LILRB1 that associate with Alzheimer’s disease.
Authors: Reddy Joseph S. , Wang Xue , Allen Mariet , Carrasquillo Minerva M. , Biernacka Joanna M. , Jenkins Gregory D. , Coombes Brandon J. , Belbin Olivia , Golde Todd E. , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer , Younkin Steven G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Alterations in innate immunity are pathologically associated with and genetically implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the whole exome sequence (WES) dataset generated by the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP), only the previously identified p.R47H variant in the innate immunity gene, TREM2, shows study-wide association with risk of AD. Using a novel approach, we searched the ADSP WES data to identify additional immune pathway genes with deleterious variants that, like TREM2.pR47H, show strong association with AD. Methods: Using polygenic risk scores (PRS) to analyze association with AD, we evaluated deleterious variants (CADD Phred-scaled score > 20) with a minor allele count of 20 or more in 228 genes comprising an immune co-expression network containing TREM2 (CENTREM2). A significant polygenic component composed of deleterious stop-gain and non-synonymous variants was identified, and false discovery rates were determined for the variants in this component. In genes harboring a significant variant, PRS for all variants in the genes were then analyzed. Results: The PRS for the 182 deleterious variants in CENTREM2 showed significant association with AD that was driven by 142 deleterious variants (136 non-synonymous, 6 stop-gain). In the 142 variant polygenic component, four variants had significant AD risk association: TREM2.pR47H, two deleterious stop-gain variants (FCGR1A.pR92X, and LILRB1.pY331X) in novel AD genes and 1 non-synonymous variant (ATP8B4.pG395S). Remarkably, PRS for the 36 additional variants in these four genes also showed significant association with AD. The PRS for all 40 variants in the 4 genes, showed significant, replicable association with AD and 3 additional variants in this polygenic component had significant false discovery rates: ATP8B4.pR1059Q, LILRB1.pP7P, and LILRB1.pY327Y. Conclusions: Here, we identify 3 immune pathway genes (ATP8B4, LILRB1, and FCGR1A) with a variant that associates with AD. Like TREM2.pR47H, each of the variants has a minor allele frequency less than 1% and is a deleterious, protein altering variant with a strong effect that increases or decreases (LILRB1.pY331X) risk of AD. Additional variants in these genes also alter risk of AD. The variants identified here are ideally suited for studies aimed at understanding how the innate immune system may be modulated to alter risk of AD.
Light-independent regulation of algal photoprotection by CO2 availability
Authors: Ruiz-Sola M. Águila , Flori Serena , Yuan Yizhong , Villain Gaelle , Sanz-Luque Emanuel , Redekop Petra , Tokutsu Ryutaro , Kueken Anika , Tsichla Angeliki , Kepesidis Georgios , Allorent Guillaume , Arend Marius , Iacono Fabrizio , Finazzi Giovanni , Hippler Michael , Nikoloski Zoran , Minagawa Jun , Grossman Arthur , Petroutsos Dimitris 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Photosynthetic algae have evolved mechanisms to cope with suboptimal light and CO2 conditions. When light energy exceeds CO2 fixation capacity, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii activates photoprotection, mediated by LHCSR1/3 and PSBS, and the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism (CCM). How light and CO2 signals converge to regulate these processes remains unclear. Here, we show that excess light activates photoprotection- and CCM-related genes by altering intracellular CO2 concentrations and that depletion of CO2 drives these responses, even in total darkness. High CO2 levels, derived from respiration or impaired photosynthetic fixation, repress LHCSR3/CCM genes while stabilizing the LHCSR1 protein. Finally, we show that the CCM regulator CIA5 also regulates photoprotection, controlling LHCSR3 and PSBS transcript accumulation while inhibiting LHCSR1 protein accumulation. This work has allowed us to dissect the effect of CO2 and light on CCM and photoprotection, demonstrating that light often indirectly affects these processes by impacting intracellular CO2 levels.
Identification and Validation of Cuproptosis-Related LncRNA Signatures as a New Biologic Prognostic Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Qing , Qin Xuemei , Zhao Jing , Gao Tianle , Xu Yinwei , Chen Guohui , Bai Guangping , Guo Zhiqiang , Liu Jian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cuproptosis is a novel, distinct form of regulated cell death that has a pivotal role in cancer metabolism. However, relatively little si known about the role of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRlncRNAs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aimed to identify a CRlncRNAs signature, evalute its prognostic value and explore its molecular functions in HNSCC.
Methods
RNA-seq data and relevant clinical data were downloaded directly from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and cuproptosis-related genes were identified from a search of the relevant candidate-gene literature. Analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) was performed using the ‘edgeR’ package in R software. The intersection of the lncRNAs between DElncRNAs and CRlncRNAs was obtained using the R package “Venn Diagram”. By implementing co-expression analysis, we identified the link betwwen the prognostic lncRNAs and their corresponding mRNAs. Univariate Cox regression was used to identify cuproptosis-related prognostic lncRNAs. The range of cuproptosis-related prognostic lncRNAs was narrowed via the LASSO-Cox method, and CRlncRNAs with the greatest significance were chosen for constructing a prognostic model to predict patient survival. Kaplan‒Meier (KM) survival analysis was carried out, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (ROC-AUC) were also calculated to evaluate the predictive ability of the model. Moreover, the relationships between the prognostic model and immune cell subpopulations, related functions and pathways and drug sensitivity were explored.
Results
A CRlncRNAs signature that included three lncRNAs was constructed. According to the risk score calculated by this signature, two risk groups were established. In HNSCC patients, the risk score was a better predictor of survival than traditional clinicopathological features. In addition, significant differences in immune cells such as B cells, T cells and macrophages were observed between the two groups. Finally, the high-risk group had a lower IC50 for certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin and cetuximab.
Conclusion
This 3 CRlncRNAs signature is a powerful prognostic biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses in HNSCC patients.
Assessing Medical Student Comfort with Telemedicine
Authors: Dadlani Akanksha , Bernstein Simone , Welton Randon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Background: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) notes a 154 percent increase in telemedicine use amongst healthcare providers between March 2019 and March 2020. While not formally incorporated into the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) accreditation standards, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) has made the provision of telemedicine services as an entrustable professional activity (EPA). Given the growth of telemedicine use, medical student comfort with the formalized EPAs was explored in this study.Methods: An IRB-approved 17-question, anonymous survey was created based on the AAMC’s EPAs and administered to students at Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED) over four weeks. The primary outcome of this study is to assess medical students’ self-reported telemedicine comfort levels.Results: The response rate was 141 students (22%). 57% of students describe that they were able to create equally as effective a therapeutic alliance using telemedicine compared to in-person appointments. 57% and 53% of students, respectively, felt they were able to gather information and diagnose patients using telemedicine compared to in person. 74% of respondents wish that telemedicine was formally taught in school. Conclusion: Most students believe they can effectively gather essential information, and counsel patients via telemedicine, but there was a notable decrease in confidence for medical students when comparing telemedicine and in-person care directly. Despite the EPAs created by the AAMC, students are not self-reporting the same comfort level with telemedicine as they are with in-person patient visits, so there are further opportunities for improvements in the telemedicine medicine school curriculum.Trial Registration: IRB Exemption approved on 02/28/22 by Northeast Ohio Medical University
The feasibility of a family-based judo program for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Garcia Jeanette M. , Perry Caitlyn T. , Murray Michelle L. , Lavery Kayla M. , Brazendale Keith , Fukuda David H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study examined the feasibility of a 15-week family-based judo program for youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Nine children and their parents participated in the family class, and eight children participated in the child-only class. Judo sessions were held once a week for 45 minutes. Feasibility measures included attendance records, retention rates, program implementation fidelity, and participant acceptability. The family class had a significantly higher attendance rate (13.22 ± .44 classes) compared to the child-only class (9.9 ± 2.5 classes, p = 0.007), with 100% of the family class attending at least 80% of the sessions, compared to 38% of the child-only class (p = 0.005). Parents from both classes felt the program was a positive experience, however, parents in the family class emphasized social benefits while parents from the child-only class highlighted physical benefits. Future studies should examine the benefits of a family judo program on children and participating family members.
Determination of eight Sterols in Rapeseed by Accelerated Solvent Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Sun Peng , Wang Chao , Gao Yuling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
For determination of cholesterol, cholestanol, rapeseed sterol, ergosterol, rapeseed sterol, stigmasterol-sitosterol, and stigmasterol in rapeseed, an accelerated solvent extraction followed gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique was developed. The sterols were isolated after derivatization and identified using accelerated solvent extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results revealed a good linear relationship between the peak area and the corresponding mass concentration of the eight sterols in the range of 2-1000 mg/L, with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.9991, detection limits of 1.12–1.61 mg/kg, and quantification limits of 3.73–5.41 mg/kg, spiked recovery determination ranging from 5 to 20 mg/kg.The average recoveries were 89.5-105.2% at mg/kg supplemental level, and the precision was lower than 5.0%. The developed method was efficient, simple and accurate, and suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis of eight sterol compounds in rapeseed, providing a method for rapid determination of sterol compounds in rapeseed.
Improvement of fertility in female mice by a single treatment with telomerase increasing compounds
Authors: Abramov Marina , Har-Vardi Iris , Assenheim Lee , Tsory Sylvia , Priel Esther 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The need for pharmaceutical compounds that improve female fertility is crucial since many women that postpone childbearing today face a decline in their fertility. The essential role of telomerase in female fertility was previously demonstrated and the 4th generation of telomerase knockout mice are infertile. Therefore, increasing telomerase in the ovary may improve fertility by influencing folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation and ovulation processes. We used novel compounds (AGS) that transiently increased telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression and activity in vitro and in-vivo, to examine their effect on the folliculogenesis and ovulation processes in WT (TERT+/+) and TERT knock out (KO) mice. A single injection of AGS increased telomerase expression and activity in the WT mouse ovary, accelerated oocyte maturation and ovulation and increased the expression of fertility related genes. An increase in the plasma progesterone level and the gonadotropins hormones expression was also observed. The outcome of these enhancements is an increase in the number of embryos and offspring which exhibited a normal development and growth. In TERT KO mice AGS treatment did not affect the mouse ovary stage and the expression of specific genes. These data demonstrate the importance of the transient increase of telomerase in the ovary by pharmaceutical compounds for the improvement of female fertility.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Supply Chain Workers Wellbeing in Nigeria
Authors: Gbadgesin Adeolu , Afolayan Isaac Olayinka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Supply chain workers’ well-being was critically affected during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. During this period, workers were suspended, retrenched, and short-pay which tells on their personal, family, and household wellbeing. Therefore, this study qualitatively examined the impact of COVID-19 on Supply Chain workers' well-being in Nigeria. The study was carried out in Agbara Industrial Estate in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted a phenomenological research methodology to explore and provide an in-depth description of participants’ well-being experiences during COVID 19 pandemic. In total, 150 participants were selected randomly from the study area. Both Atlas.ti 7.0 and In Vivo software were used to transcript the interview while analysis was done qualitatively. The findings of the study revealed that most respondents consented that they went through difficulties in feeding themselves and their families during the pandemic due to their job loss and short payment. The study concluded that the supply chain workers were retrenched/short-pays during the period of COVID 19 and they were not adequately catered for their well-being in terms of food and health care. The study recommends that the supply chain companies can support an inclusive COVID-19 recovery for workers.
Prevalence and circumstances of dog bites in Poland – a longitudinal study
Authors: Wierzbowska Izabela A. , Hędrzak Magdalena , Tallian Aimee G. , Basak Sayantani M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most animal bites in humans are caused by domestic dogs, making dog bite-related injuries a serious public health and safety concern globally. However, till date there is no comprehensive research regarding the occurrence of dog bites, and incidence of exposure to rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Poland. Thus, the main goal of the study was to examine incidents of dog bites in humans and the potential risk of rabies in Poland between 1994-2018. Our results showed that the mean annual dog bite incidence rate in Poland was 13 people per 100000 inhabitants, with ~5000 people vaccinated annually post exposure. Children were more likely to be bitten than adults, and males were more likely than females. People were more likely to be bitten by mongrels followed by German Shepherds. However, most of the bite incidents included dogs that were free-ranging or stray, highlighting the difficulty in regulating the vaccination status of the dog and consequently the likelihood of people meeting a rabid animal. Therefore, we recommend increasing stray dog captureefforts to decrease the incidence of dog bites and potential exposure to rabies. Furthermore, official reporting of all cases of dog bites by associated stakeholders involved in data collection would be effective.
Skeletal muscle oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a predictor of return of spontaneous circulation: a pilot study
Authors: Košir Miha , Možina Hugon , Podbregar Matej 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundNear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides regional tissue oxygenation (rSO2) even in pulseless states such as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Brain rSO2 seems to be important predictor of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Aim of our study was to explore feasibility for monitoring and detecting changes of skeletal muscle rSO2 during resuscitation.MethodsSkeletal muscle and brain rSO2 were measured by NIRS (SenSmart Model X-100, Nonin, USA) during CPR in adult patient with OHCA. Start (basal) rSO2, maximal during CPR (maximal), difference between maximal-minimal rSO2 (delta-rSO2), and at the end of CPR (end-CPR rSO2) were recorded. Patients were divided into ROSC and NO-ROSC group.Results20 patients (age: 66.0ys (60.5–79.5), 65% male) with OHCA (50% witnessed, 70% BLS, time to ALS 13.5min (11.0–19.0)) were finally analyzed. 10 patients were excluded due to violation of protocol or technical difficulties. ROSC was confirmed in 5 (25%) patients. Basal, maximal and end-CPR skeletal muscle rSO2 were higher in ROSC compared to NO-ROSC group (49.0% (39.7–53.7) vs. 15.0% (12.0-25.2), p = 0.006; 76.0% (52.7–80.5) vs. 34.0% (18.0-49.5), p = 0.005; 72.0% (48.7–74.7) vs. 16.0% (12.0–35.0), p = 0.002, respectively). There was weak relationship between time of collapse and basal skeletal muscle rSO2 in witnessed OHCA (n = 7, rho: -0.750, p = 0.0522). There was correlation between maximal skeletal muscle and brain rSO2(n = 18, rho: 0.578, P = 0.0121).ConclusionsRecording of skeletal muscle rSO2 during CPR in patients with OHCA is feasible. Basal, maximal and end-CPR skeletal muscle rSO2 were higher in ROSC compared to NO-ROSC group.Clinical trial registration number:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04058925, registered on: 16th August 2019. URL of trial registry record: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04058925?titles=Tissue+Oxygenation+During+Cardiopulmonary+Resuscitation+as+a+Predictor+of+Return+of+Spontaneous+Circulation&draw=2&rank=1
A high-throughput single-particle imaging platform for antibody characterization and a novel competition assay for therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Seymour Elif , Unlu M. Selim , Connor John H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) play an important role in diagnostics and therapy of infectious diseases. Here we utilize a single-particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor (SP-IRIS) for screening 30 mAbs against Ebola and Lassa viruses (EBOV and LASV) to find out the ideal capture antibodies for whole virus detection using recombinant VSV (rVSV) models expressing surface glycoproteins of EBOV and LASV. We also make use of the binding properties on SP-IRIS to develop a model for mapping the antibody epitopes on the glycoprotein structure. mAbs that bind to mucin-like domain or glycan cap of the EBOV surface glycoprotein show the highest signal on SP-IRIS, followed by mAbs that target the GP1-GP2 interface at the base domain. These antibodies were shown to be highly efficacious against EBOV infection in non-human primates in previous studies. For LASV detection, 8.9F antibody showed the best performance on SP-IRIS. This antibody binds to a unique region on the surface glycoprotein compared to other 15 mAbs tested. In addition, we demonstrate a novel antibody competition assay using SP-IRIS and rVSV-EBOV models to reveal the competition between mAbs in three successful therapeutic mAb cocktails against EBOV infection. We provide an explanation as to why ZMapp cocktail has higher efficacy compared to other two cocktails by showing that three mAbs in this cocktail (13C6, 2G4, 4G7) do not compete with each other for binding to EBOV GP. In fact, binding of 13C6 enhances the binding of 2G4 and 4G7 antibodies. SP-IRIS is a versatile tool that can provide high-throughput screening of mAbs, multiplexed and sensitive detection of viruses, and evaluation of therapeutic antibody cocktails.