bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of the second COVID-19 vaccine booster dose in older persons
Authors: Mattiuzzi Camilla , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We analyzed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine efficacy in older persons who received the second booster compared to unvaccinated people and those receiving only a single COVID-19 vaccine booster.
Methods: We collected information on vaccine efficacy from the ongoing Italian nationwide COVID-19 vaccination campaign in subjects aged 80 years or older from official data published by the Italian National Institute of Health.
Results: The second vaccine booster maintained high effectiveness against adverse COVID-19 outcomes such as hospitalization, intensive care unit admission and death (i.e., between 77-86%), showing also around 10% higher efficacy than the single booster. Nonetheless, the efficacy of the second vaccine booster declined over time, decreasing by 33-46% when assessed at >120 days from administration.
Conclusions:The results of our ad interim analysis of the ongoing Italian nationwide COVID-19 vaccination campaign suggest that regular boosting with COVID-19 vaccines may be advisable in older persons.
The stress granule protein G3BP1 reduces the levels of polyglutamine proteins and alleviates spinocerebellar ataxia associated deficits
Authors: Koppenol Rebekah , Conceição André , Marcelo Adriana , Tomé Sandra , Côdesso José-Miguel , Mendonça Liliana , de Almeida Luis Pereira , Matos Carlos , Nóbrega Clévio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Polylgutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by abnormal expansion of CAG repeat tracts in the codifying regions of nine, otherwise unrelated, genes. While the protein products of these genes are suggested to play diverse cell roles, the pathogenic mutant proteins bearing an expanded polyQ sequence share a tendency to self-assemble, aggregate, and engage in abnormal molecular interactions. Understanding the shared paths that link polyQ protein expansion to the nervous system dysfunction and degeneration that takes place in these disorders is instrumental for identifying targets for therapeutic intervention. Among polyQ diseases, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) share many common aspects, including the fact that they involve the functional compromise of the cerebellum, resulting in the hallmark ataxic signs. Our work aimed at exploring a putative new therapeutic target for the two forms of SCA with higher worldwide prevalence, spinocerebellar ataxias type 2 (SCA2) and type 3 (SCA3), which are caused by expanded forms of ataxin-2 (ATXN2) and ataxin-3 (ATXN3), respectively. PolyQ disease pathophysiology has been described to involve an inability to properly respond to cell stress. Taking into consideration, we evaluated the ability of GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), an RNA-binding protein involved in RNA metabolism regulation and in stress responses, to counteract SCA2 and SCA3 pathology, using both in vitro and in vivo disease models. Our results indicate that G3BP1 overexpression in cell models leads to a reduction of ATXN2 and ATXN3 aggregation, associated with a decrease in protein expression. This protective effect of G3BP1 against polyQ protein aggregation was reinforced by the fact that silencing G3bp1 in the mouse brain increases human expanded ATXN2 and ATXN3 aggregation. Moreover, a decrease of G3BP1 levels was detected in cells derived from SCA2 and SCA3 patients, suggesting that G3BP1 function is compromised in the context of these diseases. In lentiviral models of SCA2 and SCA3, G3BP1 overexpression not only decreased protein aggregation but also contributed to the preservation of neuronal cells. Finally, in a SCA3 transgenic mouse model with a severe ataxic phenotype, G3BP1 lentiviral delivery to the cerebellum led to amelioration of several motor behavioral deficits. Overall, our results suggest that a decrease in G3BP1 levels may be a component of SCA2 and SCA3 pathophysiology, and that administration of this protein through viral vector-mediated delivery may constitute a putative approach to therapy for these diseases, and possibly other polyQ disorders.
The Regulatory Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Lnc SNHG4 in
Cancer
Authors: Nejatizadeh Abdol Azim , Pourghasem Navid , Ghorbanzadeh Shadi 
Published: November 2022

Background:
LncRNAs have been reported to be involved in a variety of biological functions, including
gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. They may also serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressor
genes in diseases. lncRNAs that can encode small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been named small nucleolar
RNA host genes (SNHGs).

Objective:
In this review article, we readily review the regulatory mechanisms and clinical significance of Lnc
SNHG4 in cancer.

Methods:
We systematically investigated databases, like Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and
Cochrane Library database for all research articles, and have provided an overview regarding the biological
functions and mechanisms of lncRNA SNHG4 in tumorigenesis.

Results:
Compared to neighboring normal tissues, SNHG4 is significantly dysregulated in various tumor tissues.
SNHG4 upregulation is mainly associated with advanced tumor stage, tumor size, TNM stage, and decreased
overall survival. In addition, aberrant SNHG4 expression promotes cell proliferation, metastasis, migration,
and invasion of cancer cells.

Conclusion:
SNHG4 may serve as a new therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in patients with cancer.
Natural Products with BACE1 and GSK3β Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Prado Paulo Cézar , Lima Josélia Alencar , Hamerski Lidilhone , Rennó Magdalena Nascimento 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative, progressive, and fatal disorder characterized
by marked atrophy of the cerebral cortex and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. The
main pathological features of AD are related to neuronal degeneration and include extracellular deposition
of amyloid beta plaques (Aβ plaques), intracellular formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs),
and neuroinflammation. So far, drugs used to treat AD have symptomatic and palliative pharmacological
effects, disappearing with continued use due to neuron degeneration and death. Therefore, there
are still problems with an effective drug for treating AD. Few approaches evaluate the action of natural
products other than alkaloids on the molecular targets of β-amyloid protein (Aβ protein) and/or tau
protein, which are important targets for developing neuroprotective drugs that will effectively contribute
to finding a prophylactic drug for AD. This review gathers and categorizes classes of natural products,
excluding alkaloids, which in silico analysis (molecular docking) and in vitro and/or in vivo assays
can inhibit the BACE1 and GSK-3β enzymes involved in AD.
EBV-microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in EBV-related Fever:
A Narrative Review
Authors: Wang Wei-ting , Yang Yun , Zhang Yang , Le Yi-ning , Wu Yu-lin , Liu Yi-yi , Tu Yan-jie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
At present, timely and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of Epstein-
Barr Virus (EBV) infection-associated fever remain a difficult challenge. EBV encodes
44 mature microRNAs (miRNAs) that inhibit viral lysis, adjust inflammatory response,
regulate cellular apoptosis, promote tumor genesis and metastasis, and regulate
tumor cell metabolism. Herein, we have collected the specific expression data of
EBV-miRNAs in EBV-related fevers, including infectious mononucleosis (IM), EBVassociated
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH), chronic active EBV infection
(CAEBV), and EBV-related tumors, and proposed the potential value of EBVmiRNAs
as biomarkers to assist in the identification, diagnosis, and prognosis of EBVrelated
fever, as well as therapeutic targets for drug development.
Roseola Infantum: An Updated Review
Authors: Leung Alexander Kwok-Chu , Lam Joseph Ming-Chee , Barankin Benjamin , Leong Kin Fon , Hon Kam Lun 
Published: November 2022

Background:Roseola infantum is a common viral disease that occurs during childhood worldwide.Objective:The purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of roseola infantum.Methods:A search was conducted in April, 2022, in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key terms "roseola infantum" OR “exanthem subitum” OR “sixth disease”. The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article.Results:Roseola infantum is a viral illness characterized by high fever that lasts 3 to 4 days, fol-lowed by the sudden appearance of rash at defervescence. The disease occurs most frequently in children between 6 months and 2 years of age. Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is the major cause of roseola infantum, followed by HHV-7. Transmission of the infection most likely results from the asymptomatic shedding of the virus in the saliva of the caregivers or other close contacts. Charac-teristically, the rash is discrete, rose-pink in color, circular or elliptical, macular or maculopapular, measuring 2 to 3 mm in diameter. The eruption is first seen on the trunk. It then spreads to the neck and proximal extremities. Typically, the rash blanches on pressure and subsides in 2 to 4 days with-out sequelae. Most children look well otherwise and appear to be happy, active, alert, and playful. The diagnosis is mainly clinical. Febrile seizures occur in 10 to 15 % of children with roseola infan-tum during the febrile period. In general, serious complications are rare and occur more often in in-dividuals who are immunocompromised. There is no specific treatment. An antipyretic may be used to reduce fever and discomfort.Conclusion:Roseola infantum is generally a benign and self-limited disease. Failure to recognize this condition may result in undue parental fear, unnecessary investigations, delay in treatment for conditions that mimic roseola infantum and complications from roseola infantum, unnecessary treatment of roseola infantum per se, and misuse of healthcare expenditure.
Association of Gut Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sowmiya T.  , Silambanan Santhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus has been a common metabolic disorder in recent years across the
world. It has affected approximately 463 million people worldwide, which has tripled in the last
two decades. It has been forecasted to show an upward trend through 2030 and 2045 in China, India, and the United States. Few studies have been done to assess the impact of gut microbiota on
human health. Diabetes mellitus is found to have an association with gut microbiota. Few animal
studies are available linking the alteration of gut microbiota in diabetes mellitus. Probiotics have
been found to have anti-diabetic properties. If diabetes is treated with diet modification in addition
to drugs, it could change the spectrum of intestinal bacteria by boosting commensal bacteria and
decreasing the harmful bacteria in the microbiome population of the gastrointestinal tract, which is
highly beneficial. This could aid diabetics in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications effectively. This review has been undertaken to address the management of diabetes mellitus with a
focus on the gut microbiome in addition to antidiabetic medications.
Investigation of Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of Ni-Co
and MWCNT Nanocomposites
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Majid , Gharaati Abdolrasoul , Jangjoo Alireza , Rezazadeh Hamed 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In recent years, severe electromagnetic interference among electronic devices
has been caused by the unprecedented growth of communication systems. Therefore, microwave absorbing
materials are required to relieve these problems by absorbing the unwanted microwave. In the
design of microwave absorbers, magnetic nanomaterials have to be used as fine particles dispersed in
an insulating matrix. Besides the intrinsic properties of these materials, the structure and morphology
are also crucial to the microwave absorption performance of the composite. In this study, Ni-Co-
MWCNT composites were synthesized, and the changes in electric permittivity, magnetic permeability,
and reflectance loss of the samples were evaluated at frequencies of 2 to 18 GHz.

Methods:
Nickel-Cobalt-Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) composites were successfully synthesized
by the co-precipitation chemical method. The structural, morphological, and magnetic properties
of the samples were characterized and investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer
(VSM), and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).

Results:
The results revealed that the Ni-Co-MWCNT composite has the highest electromagnetic wave
absorption rate with a reflectance loss of -70.22 dB at a frequency of 10.12 GHz with a thickness of 1.8
mm. The adequate absorption bandwidth (RL <-10 dB) was 6.9 GHz at the high-frequency region, exhibiting
excellent microwave absorbing properties as a good microwave absorber patent.

Conclusion:
Based on this study, it can be argued that the Ni-Co-MWCNT composite can be a good
candidate for making light absorbers of radar waves at frequencies 2- 18 GHz.
Identity and Sports Marketing in Africa: A General Review
Authors: Okpalaoka Chijindu , Olaniyi Keziah 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Sports marketing is distinct from other consumer products, and that producers of sport experience cannot foresee the outcome, certain events are unpredictable, and results are unknown.

Aim:
The study purpose was to examine and review identity and sports marketing in Africa.

Methods:
The study used qualitative data and relevant literature reviews, using past literally works and secondary data.

Results:
The study showed that the distinction between personal and social identity is frequently misleading, hiding both the parallels and linkages between two ostensibly different levels of identity. Moreover, the sports sector has the potential to contribute to Africa's industrial prosperity significantly. Findings of these results related to personal (self) and social identity and other practical implications are discussed.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that positive self-identity helps African athletes to have a positive image about themselves which enhances their sporting performance, thereby leading to sporting progress in Africa.
Codeveloping and Evaluating a Campaign to Reduce Dementia Misconceptions on Twitter: Machine Learning Study
Authors: Erturk Sinan , Hudson Georgie , Jansli Sonja M , Morris Daniel , Odoi Clarissa M , Wilson Emma , Clayton-Turner Angela , Bray Vanessa , Yourston Gill , Cornwall Andrew , Cummins Nicholas , Wykes Til , Jilka Sagar 
Published: November 2022

Background
Dementia misconceptions on Twitter can have detrimental or harmful effects. Machine learning (ML) models codeveloped with carers provide a method to identify these and help in evaluating awareness campaigns.

Objective
This study aimed to develop an ML model to distinguish between misconceptions and neutral tweets and to develop, deploy, and evaluate an awareness campaign to tackle dementia misconceptions.

Methods
Taking 1414 tweets rated by carers from our previous work, we built 4 ML models. Using a 5-fold cross-validation, we evaluated them and performed a further blind validation with carers for the best 2 ML models; from this blind validation, we selected the best model overall. We codeveloped an awareness campaign and collected pre-post campaign tweets (N=4880), classifying them with our model as misconceptions or not. We analyzed dementia tweets from the United Kingdom across the campaign period (N=7124) to investigate how current events influenced misconception prevalence during this time.

Results
A random forest model best identified misconceptions with an accuracy of 82% from blind validation and found that 37% of the UK tweets (N=7124) about dementia across the campaign period were misconceptions. From this, we could track how the prevalence of misconceptions changed in response to top news stories in the United Kingdom. Misconceptions significantly rose around political topics and were highest (22/28, 79% of the dementia tweets) when there was controversy over the UK government allowing to continue hunting during the COVID-19 pandemic. After our campaign, there was no significant change in the prevalence of misconceptions.

Conclusions
Through codevelopment with carers, we developed an accurate ML model to predict misconceptions in dementia tweets. Our awareness campaign was ineffective, but similar campaigns could be enhanced through ML to respond to current events that affect misconceptions in real time.
Pengaruh Berat Unggun terhadap Efisiensi dan Kapasitas Adsorpsi Zat Warna Rhodamin B dengan Sistem Kontinyu
Authors: Rahman Taufiku , Muis Lince , Suryadri Hadistya 
Published: November 2022

Kolom adsorpsi sistem kontinyu dengan arah upflow digunakan untuk menurunkan konsentrasi zat pewarna Rhodamin B menggunakan adsorben yang terbuat dari kulit durian terlapisi lateks. Adsorpsi dilakukan selama 60 menit dengan waktu pengambilan sampel setiap 20 menit. Berat unggun adsorben divariasikan yaitu 29,68 gr; 46,74 gr; 63,48 gr; 90,15 gr dan 110,28 gr. Konsentrasi Rhodamin B setelah proses adsorpsi diukur menggunakan Spektrofotomer UV-Vis sehingga dapat diketahui kapasitas dan efisiensi adsorpsinya. Jumlah kapasitas adsorpsi akan berbanding terbalik dengan efisiensi adsorpsi. Didapat kapasitas adsorpsi paling besar yaitu 490,73 mg/g pada penggunaan berat unggun 46,74 gram sementara efisiensi adsorpsi terbesar yaitu 67,53% dengan menggunakan unggun adsorben 110,28 gr.
Pemodelan Sebaran Polutan PM10 dan PM2,5 Model Hysplit pada Kawasan Gentala Arasy Kota Jambi
Authors: Ilyas Rizky Muhamad , Anggraini Febri Juita , Rodhiyah Zuli 
Published: November 2022

Kawasan Gentala Arasy Kota Jambi sebagai area wisata berdampingan dengan Sungai Batanghari. Terdapat berbagai macam aktivitas seperti perdagangan, perkantoran, penginapan, pendidikan, dan aktivitas transportasi darat maupun air yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas udara sehingga menjadi tercemar. Partikulat dapat tersebar ke berbagai daerah yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pada sistem pernafasan dan kesehatan. Maka, perlu dilakukannya pemodelan sebaran udara sebagai pertimbangan untuk mengambil kebijakan terkait masalah lingkungan dengan memprediksi arah sebaran polutan dari suatu sumber. Sebaran polutan di udara diprediksi dengan model Hysplit menggunakan program READY NOAA Hysplit. Hasil penelitian menggunakan model Hysplit dapat memprediksi konsentrasi PM10 dan PM2,5 yang menyebar di sekitar lokasi penelitian dan sejauh mana sebarannya. Arah sebaran PM10 dan PM2,5 pada saat penelitian sebagian besar mengarah ke arah barat laut Kota Jambi. Adapun daerah yang berpotensi terkena sebaran PM10 dan PM2,5 meliputi 8 Kecamatan yaitu Pasar Jambi, Danau Teluk, Pelayangan, Jambi Timur, Telanaipura, Jelutung, Jambi Selatan dan Kota Baru. Kecamatan Pasar Jambi, Danau Teluk dan Pelayangan merupakan 3 Kecamatan yang paling beresiko terkena paparan PM10 dan PM2,5 pada kawasan Gentala Arasy Kota Jambi..
Pengaruh Campuran Garam dan Arang dalam Menurunkan Tahanan Pembumian pada Elektroda Plat
Authors: Tessal Dasrinal , Simanullang Dian Marolanda , Pathoni Haerul 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai tanahan pentanahan elektroda plat tembaga dengan penanaman secara horizontal serta ditambahkan campuran arang dan garam sebagai soil treatment. Hasil dari pengukuran yang dilakukan selama 21 hari dimana semakin lama penanamannya akan mempengaruhi nilai penurunan nilai tahanan dari pentahanannya. Dari hasil pengukuran dengan penambahan arang 1,5 kg dan garam 0,5 kg mengalami penurunan dari hari pertama 276 Ω dengan nilai tahanan jenis 145,82 Ωm menjadi 120,2 Ω dengan tahanan jenis tanah sebesar 63,5 Ωm . Penambahan arang 1 kg dan garam 1 kg mengalami penurunan dari hari pertama 143,9 Ω dengan nilai tahanan jenis 76,02 Ωm menjadi 64,6 Ω dengan nilai tahanan jenis 34,07 Ωm dan penambahan arang 0,5 kg dan garam 1,5 kg mengalami penurunan dari hari pertama 223,6 Ω dengan nilai tahanan jenis 123,42 Ωm menjadi 64 Ω dengan nilai tahanan jenis 33,81 Ωm .
Knowledge Creation and Transfer in the Context of National Office Consultations: Experiences of Audit Firm Partners
Authors: Aghazadeh Sanaz , Dodgson Mary Kate , Kang Yoon Ju , Peytcheva Marietta 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYKnowledge creation and transfer within audit firms is critical to achieving high audit quality. We conduct semistructured interviews with 22 engagement partners and national office partners, and we draw on Nonaka and Takeuchi’s socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization (SECI) model to understand how knowledge creation and transfer processes unfold in audit firms in the context of national office consultations. Overall, we observe that the national office and engagement partners engage in all four processes of knowledge creation and transfer outlined in the SECI model: tacit to tacit, explicit to explicit, tacit to explicit, and explicit to tacit. Our study offers implications for auditors and regulators and brings to light opportunities for future auditing research.JEL Classifications: M41.
The emergence of travel-related infections in critical care units
Authors: Herten Pieter-Jan , Vlieghe Erika , Bottieau Emmanuel , Florence Eric , Jorens Philippe G 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Several tropical or geographically confined infectious diseases may lead to organ failure requiring management in an intensive care unit (ICU), both in endemic low- and middle-income countries where ICU facilities are increasingly being developed and in (nonendemic) high-income countries through an increase in international travel and migration. The ICU physician must know which of these diseases may be encountered and how to recognize, differentiate, and treat them. The four historically most prevalent “tropical” diseases (malaria, enteric fever, dengue, and rickettsiosis) can present with single or multiple organ failure in a very similar manner, which makes differentiation based solely on clinical signs very difficult. Specific but frequently subtle symptoms should be considered and related to the travel history of the patient, the geographic distribution of these diseases, and the incubation period. In the future, ICU physicians may also be more frequently confronted with rare but frequently lethal diseases, such as Ebola and other viral hemorrhagic fevers, leptospirosis, and yellow fever. No one could have foreseen the worldwide 2019–up to now coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was initially spread by travel too. In addition, the actual pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 reminds us of the actual and potential threat of (re)-emerging pathogens. If left untreated or when treated with a delay, many travel-related diseases remain an important cause of morbidity and even mortality, even when high-quality critical care is provided. Awareness and a high index of suspicion of these diseases is a key skill for the ICU physicians of today and tomorrow to develop.