bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of left ventricular deformation using speckle tracking echocardiography in normal children: comparison of three-dimensional and two-dimensional approaches
Authors: Aly Doaa , Madan Nitin , Kuzava Laura , Samrany Alison , Parthiban Anitha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) can overcome some of the inherent limitations of two-dimensional (2D) STE; however, clinical experience is lacking. We aimed to assess and compare the feasibility, agreement, and reproducibility of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal (GLS), and regional strain by 3D vs 2D STE in normal children.

Methods
Healthy pediatric subjects (n = 105, age mean = 11.2 ± 5.5 years) were prospectively enrolled. Three-dimensional and 2D LV GLS, as well as regional strain in 16 myocardial segments were quantified. Bland Altman analysis, intra- class correlation coefficients (ICC), percent error and linear regression were used for agreement and correlation between the two techniques. Analysis and acquisition times were compared. Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was assessed in 20 studies.

Results
There was good to excellent agreement for 2D and 3D global longitudinal strain (ICC =0.82) and modest agreement for regional strain (ICC range 0.43–0.71). Both methods had high feasibility (88.6% for 2D vs 85.7% for 3D, p = 0.21), although 3D STE required significantly shorter acquisition and analysis time than 2D STE (acquisition time 1 ± 1.2 mins vs 2.4 ± 1 mins; p = 0.03, analysis time = 3.3 ± 1 mins vs 8.2 ± 2.5 mins; p = 0.001, respectively). Inter and intra-observer reproducibility was excellent for GLS by the two techniques (ICC = 0.78–0.93) but moderate to poor for regional strain (ICC = 0.21–0.64).

Conclusion
Three-dimensional global LV strain is as feasible and reproducible as 2D strain, with good agreement yet significantly more efficient acquisition and analysis. Regional strain is less concordant and 2D and 3D values should not be used interchangeably. 3D LV GLS may represent a viable alternative in evaluation of LV deformation in pediatric subjects.
Comparisons of benefits and risks of single embryo transfer versus double embryo transfer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Shujuan , Peng Yangqin , Hu Liang , Wang Xiaojuan , Xiong Yiquan , Tang Yi , Tan Jing , Gong Fei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence referring to the trade-offs between the benefits and risks of single embryo transfer (SET) versus double embryo transfer (DET) following assisted reproduction technology are insufficient, especially for those women with a defined embryo quality or advanced age.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library andClinicalTrials.govwere searched based on established search strategy from inception through February 2021. Pre-specified primary outcomes were live birth rate (LBR) and multiple pregnancy rate (MPR). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by a random-effects model using R version 4.1.0.ResultsEighty-five studies (14 randomized controlled trials and 71 observational studies) were eligible. Compared with DET, SET decreased the probability of a live birth (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71–0.85,P < 0.001,n = 62), and lowered the rate of multiple pregnancy (0.05, 0.04–0.06,P < 0.001,n = 45). In the sub-analyses of age stratification, both the differences of LBR (0.87, 0.54–1.40,P = 0.565,n = 4) and MPR (0.34, 0.06–2.03,P = 0.236,n = 3) between SET and DET groups became insignificant in patients aged ≥40 years. No significant difference in LBR for single GQE versus two embryos of mixed quality [GQE + PQE (non-good quality embryo)] (0.99, 0.77–1.27,P = 0.915,n = 8), nor any difference of MPR in single PQE versus two PQEs (0.23, 0.04–1.49,P = 0.123,n = 6). Moreover, women who conceived through SET were associated with lower risks of poor outcomes, including cesarean section (0.64, 0.43-0.94), antepartum haemorrhage (0.35, 0.15-0.82), preterm birth (0.25, 0.21-0.30), low birth weight (0.20, 0.16-0.25), Apgar1 < 7 rate (0.12, 0.02-0.93) or neonatal intensive care unit admission (0.30, 0.14-0.66) than those following DET.ConclusionsIn women aged < 40 years or if any GQE is available, SET should be incorporated into clinical practice. While in the absence of GQEs, DET may be preferable. However, for elderly women aged ≥40 years, current evidence is not enough to recommend an appropriate number of embryo transfer. The findings need to be further confirmed.
Genome-scale CRISPR screens identify host factors that promote human coronavirus infection
Authors: Grodzki Marco , Bluhm Andrew P. , Schaefer Moritz , Tagmount Abderrahmane , Russo Max , Sobh Amin , Rafiee Roya , Vulpe Chris D. , Karst Stephanie M. , Norris Michael H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in 275 million infections and 5.4 million deaths as of December 2021. While effective vaccines are being administered globally, there is still a great need for antiviral therapies as antigenically novel SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge across the globe. Viruses require host factors at every step in their life cycle, representing a rich pool of candidate targets for antiviral drug design.

Methods
To identify host factors that promote SARS-CoV-2 infection with potential for broad-spectrum activity across the coronavirus family, we performed genome-scale CRISPR knockout screens in two cell lines (Vero E6 and HEK293T ectopically expressing ACE2) with SARS-CoV-2 and the common cold-causing human coronavirus OC43. Gene knockdown, CRISPR knockout, and small molecule testing in Vero, HEK293, and human small airway epithelial cells were used to verify our findings.

Results
While we identified multiple genes and functional pathways that have been previously reported to promote human coronavirus replication, we also identified a substantial number of novel genes and pathways. The website https://sarscrisprscreens.epi.ufl.edu/ was created to allow visualization and comparison of SARS-CoV2 CRISPR screens in a uniformly analyzed way. Of note, host factors involved in cell cycle regulation were enriched in our screens as were several key components of the programmed mRNA decay pathway. The role of EDC4 and XRN1 in coronavirus replication in human small airway epithelial cells was verified. Finally, we identified novel candidate antiviral compounds targeting a number of factors revealed by our screens.

Conclusions
Overall, our studies substantiate and expand the growing body of literature focused on understanding key human coronavirus-host cell interactions and exploit that knowledge for rational antiviral drug development.
Purification and characterization of antibacterial surfactin isoforms produced by Bacillus velezensis SK
Authors: Barale Sagar S. , Ghane Savaliram G. , Sonawane Kailas D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBacillus velezensis SK having broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity has been isolated from soil. The efficient extraction of antimicrobial compounds produced in various mediums has been done using Diaion HP-20 resin. Further, characterization of an antimicrobial compound by TLC, FTIR, in-situ bioautography analysis revealed the presence of cyclic lipopeptides, which is then purified by the combination of silica gel, size exclusion, dual gradient, and RP-HPLC chromatography techniques. Growth kinetic studies showed that Bacillus velezensis SK produces a mixture of lipopeptides (1.33 gL−1). The lipopeptide exhibits good pH (2–10) and temperature stability up to 80 °C. LC–ESI–MS analysis of partially purified lipopeptide identified variant of surfactin, further analysis of purified chromatographic fractions revealed the occurrence of most abundant C15-surfactin homologues (m/z 1036.72 Da). The isolated surfactin exhibits good antimicrobial activity (1600 AU/ml) against drug-resistant food-born B. cereus and human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Hence, identified strain B. velezensis SK and its potent antibacterial surfactin lipopeptide could be used in various food and biomedical applications.
(Re)production of symbolic boundaries between native and non-native teachers in the TESOL profession
Authors: Wright Natalia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough various attempts to confront non-native teachers of English (NNESTs) marginalisation in the language teaching profession have taken place over the past few years, the English language teaching (ELT) domain clearly demonstrates quite the opposite; remaining structured and articulated by boundaries that are shaped by language ideologies, it marks an exclusion of non-native English teachers from participating in the field of foreign language teaching on equal terms with native English-speaking teachers (NESTs). Using a Bourdieusian lens (Bourdieu and Passeron in Reproduction in education, society and culture, Sage, London, 1990; Bourdieu in Language and symbolic power, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1991), this paper examines the way symbolic violence is exercised through exclusionary and discriminatory practices that arbitrarily impose the culture of a dominant group and result in the production and reproduction of symbolic boundaries between native and non-native teachers of English. In doing so, it calls for greater awareness among language educators of the power dynamics behind the simplistic ‘native’/’non-native’ dichotomies. Since nothing has been done so far to reconcile the two, the author believes that a continuous perception of NESTs and NNESTs as two different professional classes might serve the interest of those who wish to maintain such polarisation.
Grid power quality enhancement using an ANFIS optimized PI controller for DG
Authors: Bilgundi Srishail K. , Sachin R. , Pradeepa H. , Nagesh H. B. , Likith Kumar M. V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGrid frequency variation causes phase angle deviation in current with respect to voltage. This is sensed at the phase-locked loop in the controller. In past studies the effect of grid frequency variation is neglected while designing the controller for power quality restoration. When modern grids are connected to large numbers of non-linear loads and various types of distributed generation (DG), it results in continuous variation in grid frequency. Thus it is necessary to consider the grid frequency variation for effective power quality restoration. However, tuning of conventional PI controller gains considering frequency variation is very difficult. Thus it is necessary to develop an adaptive intelligent nonlinear controller to tackle the effects of frequency variation, voltage distortion and non-linear load simultaneously. This paper presents the importance of considering the effects of the frequency variation, grid voltage distortion and non-linear load, while designing and deploying a controller for power quality restoration. The proposed controller supplies power to local load as well as transferring surplus power to the grid from DG along with the additional benefit of improving grid power quality. A DG with an ANFIS optimized PI current controller for power quality enhancement is proposed. The method is economical as it requires no additional hardware. Results are compared with PI, PI-RC and fuzzy current controllers to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Focused ultrasound neuromodulation on a multiwell MEA
Authors: Saccher Marta , Kawasaki Shinnosuke , Onori Martina Proietti , van Woerden Geeske M. , Giagka Vasiliki , Dekker Ronald 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Microelectrode arrays (MEA) enable the measurement and stimulation of the electrical activity of cultured cells. The integration of other neuromodulation methods will significantly enhance the application range of MEAs to study their effects on neurons. A neuromodulation method that is recently gaining more attention is focused ultrasound neuromodulation (FUS), which has the potential to treat neurological disorders reversibly and precisely.

Methods
In this work, we present the integration of a focused ultrasound delivery system with a multiwell MEA plate.

Results
The ultrasound delivery system was characterised by ultrasound pressure measurements, and the integration with the MEA plate was modelled with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters. The results of the simulations were validated with experimental visualisation of the ultrasound field with Schlieren imaging. In addition, the system was tested on a murine primary hippocampal neuron culture, showing that ultrasound can influence the activity of the neurons.

Conclusions
Our system was demonstrated to be suitable for studying the effect of focused ultrasound on neuronal cultures. The system allows reproducible experiments across the wells due to its robustness and simplicity of operation.
Ischemic cholangitis during Osler-Weber-Rendu disease: a case report
Authors: Kharmach Oussama , Borahma Mohamed , Lagdali Nawal , Benelbarhdadi Imane , Ajana Fatima-Zohra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Osler-Weber-Rendu disease (OWRD) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes skin and mucosal telangiectasias and visceral arteriovenous malformations. These shunts can lead to high-output heart failure, portal hypertension, biliary or mesenteric ischemia. We report the case of a patient with OWRD complicated by ischemic cholangitis and biloma.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old female patient with personal history of spontaneous epistaxis and gingival bleeding, family history of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease (OWRD) in mother, and epistaxis in siblings. She consulted for intermittent and minimal biliary colic. Physical exam found mucocutaneous telangiectasia. Abdominal Doppler ultrasound/CT angiography showed arteriovenous shunts in the liver between hepatic artery and hepatic vein, hepatic artery and portal vein. Other sites of arteriovenous malformations were found in the nostril and jejunum. The diagnosis of OWRD was made. The evolution after 1 year was marked by the appearance of a slight anicteric cholestasis. MRCP found intrahepatic bilomas with associated ischemic cholangitis of segment VII. We decided to continue monitoring only.

Conclusion
The management of OWRD is based on screening for visceral arteriovenous malformations and on symptomatic measures that are often disappointing. Ischemic cholangitis is a rare complication, the diagnosis is based on imaging, liver transplantation is the only therapeutic alternative in this cases.
Changes in brain function during negative emotion processing in the long-term course of depression
Authors: Enneking Verena , Klug Melissa , Borgers Tiana , Dohm Katharina , Grotegerd Dominik , Frankenberger Lisa Marie , Hülsmann Carina , Lemke Hannah , Meinert Susanne , Leehr Elisabeth J. , Opel Nils , Goltermann Janik , Richter Maike , Waltemate Lena , Böhnlein Joscha , Sindermann Lisa , Repple Jonathan , Bauer Jochen , Thomas Mareike , Dannlowski Udo , Redlich Ronny 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundRelapses in major depression are frequent and are associated with a high burden of disease. Although short-term studies suggest a normalisation of depression-associated brain functional alterations directly after treatment, long-term investigations are sparse.AimsTo examine brain function during negative emotion processing in association with course of illness over a 2-year span.MethodIn this prospective case–control study, 72 in-patients with current depression and 42 healthy controls were investigated during a negative emotional face processing paradigm, at baseline and after 2 years. According to their course of illness during the study interval, patients were divided into subgroups (n = 25 no-relapse, n = 47 relapse). The differential changes in brain activity were investigated by a group × time analysis of covariance for the amygdala, hippocampus, insula and at whole-brain level.ResultsA significant relapse × time interaction emerged within the amygdala (PTFCE-FWE = 0.011), insula (PTFCE-FWE = 0.001) and at the whole-brain level mainly in the temporal and prefrontal cortex (PTFCE-FWE = 0.027), resulting from activity increases within the no-relapse group, whereas in the relapse group, activity decreased during the study interval. At baseline, the no-relapse group showed amygdala, hippocampus and insula hypoactivity compared with healthy controls and the relapse group.ConclusionsThis study reveals course of illness-associated activity changes in emotion processing areas. Patients in full remission show a normalisation of their baseline hypo-responsiveness to the activation level of healthy controls after 2 years. Brain function during emotion processing could further serve as a potential predictive marker for future relapse.
Clinical Utility of Genomic Testing in Cancer Care
Authors: Pritchard Daryl , Goodman Clifford , Nadauld Lincoln D. 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE In the era of personalized medicine, physicians rely on their understanding of clinical utility to assess the value of rapidly evolving genetic and genomic tests. Current definitions of the clinical utility of genetic testing sufficiently capture a range of benefits and risks that derive from positive and negative results of tests that assess one gene or a few genes. However, these definitions of clinical utility are inadequate to recognize the wider scope of benefits that accrue from more comprehensive genomic tests, which can develop data sets that inform clinical decision making as well as population health and scientific advancement in novel ways. METHODS An expert roundtable discussion with leaders from multiple sectors of the health care ecosystem was convened to develop a contemporary, fuller definition of the clinical utility of genomic testing in cancer care. RESULTS We present an updated definition and offer recommendations for successful implementation. CONCLUSION Applying this expanded definition will encourage evidence-based use of genomic testing in cancer care by helping physicians and other health care decision makers account for the broader range of benefits and risks of testing for individual patients, health systems, population health, and scientific advancement.
Efficacy and Safety of Larotrectinib in Patients With Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Fusion–Positive Lung Cancers
Authors: Drilon Alexander , Tan Daniel S. W. , Lassen Ulrik N. , Leyvraz Serge , Liu Yongmei , Patel Jyoti D. , Rosen Lee , Solomon Benjamin , Norenberg Ricarda , Dima Laura , Brega Nicoletta , Shen Lin , Moreno Victor , Kummar Shivaani , Lin Jessica J. 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSELarotrectinib is a highly selective and CNS-active tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor that has demonstrated efficacy across TRK fusion–positive cancers, regardless of the tumor type. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion–positive lung cancers.MATERIALS AND METHODSData from two global, multicenter, registrational clinical trials of patients treated with larotrectinib were analyzed: a phase II adult and young adult basket trial ( NCT02576431 ) and a phase I adult trial ( NCT02122913 ). The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR).RESULTSBy July 20, 2020, 20 patients with TRK fusion–positive lung cancer had been treated. The ORR by investigator assessment among 15 evaluable patients was 73% (95% CI, 45 to 92); one (7%) patient had a complete response, 10 (67%) had a partial response, three (20%) had stable disease, and one (7%) had progressive disease as best response. The median duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were 33.9 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 33.9), 35.4 months (95% CI, 5.3 to 35.4), and 40.7 months (95% CI, 17.2 to not estimable), respectively. Among patients with baseline CNS metastases, the ORR was 63% (95% CI, 25 to 91). Adverse events were mainly grade 1 or 2.CONCLUSIONLarotrectinib is highly active with rapid and durable responses, extended survival benefit, and a favorable long-term safety profile in patients with advanced lung cancer harboring NTRK gene fusions, including those with CNS metastases. These findings support routine testing for NTRK fusions in patients with lung cancer.
Luminosity and physics considerations on HL-LHC–and HE-LHC–based μp colliders
Authors: Kaya Umit , Ketenoglu Bora , Sultansoy Saleh , Zimmermann Frank 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Construction of the future muon collider tangential to the Large Hadron Collider will give opportunity to realize μp collisions at multi-TeV center-of-mass energies. Using the nominal parameters of high-luminosity and high-energy upgrades of the LHC, as well as the design parameters of muon colliders, it is shown that L
μp of the order of 1033 cm−2s−1 is achievable for different options with

from 4.58 TeV to 12.7 TeV. Certainly, the proposed μp colliders have a huge potential for clarifying QCD basics and searches for new physics.
Adrenal Vein Sampling With Gadolinium Contrast Medium in a Patient With Florid Primary Aldosteronism and Iodine Allergy
Authors: Yoshida Yuichi , Nagai Satoshi , Shibuta Kanako , Miyamoto Shuhei , Maruno Miyuki , Takaji Ryo , Hata Shinro , Nishida Haruto , Miyamoto Shotaro , Ozeki Yoshinori , Okamoto Mitsuhiro , Gotoh Koro , Masaki Takayuki , Shin Toshitaka , Mimata Hiromitsu , Daa Tsutomu , Asayama Yoshiki , Shibata Hirotaka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We describe a 35-year-old woman who was allergic to iodine contrast medium and was diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) based on functional confirmatory tests. She was suspected to have unilateral PA because of marked hypertension, spontaneous hypokalemia, high plasma aldosterone, reduced plasma renin activity, and a right hypodense adrenal tumor. She wanted to become pregnant and requested adrenalectomy instead of medical treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Localization of PA by adrenal vein sampling (AVS) was necessary, but angiography with iodine contrast medium was not possible because of her allergy. AVS was performed using gadolinium contrast agent (gadoterate meglumine) instead of iodine, in combination with computed tomography angiography (CTA). In AVS, before and after adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) loading, 12 blood samples were drawn from the right adrenal vein, left adrenal central vein, left adrenal common duct, left and right renal veins, and the lower inferior vena cava with only 5 mL of gadolinium medium. There were no complications during AVS. Examination revealed an elevated aldosterone/cortisol ratio on the right side, lateralized ratio of 7.4, and contralateral ratio of 0.76; the patient was diagnosed with right unilateral PA. She underwent right adrenalectomy and showed improvements in aldosterone level from 312.4 pg/mL to 83.0 pg/mL, potassium from 3.0 mEq/L to 3.9 mEq/L, and systolic blood pressure from 138 mm Hg to 117 mm Hg. In PA patients with iodine allergy, AVS can be performed safely and precisely using gadolinium contrast combined with CTA.