bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos níveis de vitamina D em diferentes grupos etários
Authors: Dias Filho Ronair Rosa , Silva Marília Teresa Ferreira da , Francescantonio Isabel Cristina Carvalho Medeiros , Borges Leonardo Luiz , Neves Roberpaulo Anacleto , Ribeiro Andrea Alves 
Published: July 2022

A vitamina D desempenha um papel importante no sistema imune, está envolvida em diversas funções do sistema humano. Isso posto, o objetivo é comparar os impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 sob os níveis de Vitamina D dos pacientes do LAC PUC Goiás. É um estudo observacional, transversal, epidemiológico. Foram analisados os dados de Vitamina D de 2208 pacientes, do LAC PUC Goiás, referentes ao período pré-pandemia (2016-2018) e pandemia (2020-2021), foram divididos em faixas etárias e analisada a relação entre a hipovitaminose e COVID-19 através do valor do p, do cálculo do Qui-quadrado no PAST versão 4.03. A faixa etária de 0 a 10 anos (p= 0,058, IC 95%) foi a única não obteve uma correlação significativa e afirmou que a pandemia não impactou na hipovitaminose D, nesses pacientes. Já nas demais faixas etárias, de 11 a 20 anos (p= 15,56. 10 -5, IC 95%), de 21 a 60 anos (p= 4,84.10-20, IC 95%) e maior de 60 anos (p= 2,54. 10-9, IC 95%), confirmaram a hipótese da pandemia da COVID-19 estar relacionada à hipovitaminose D. Os baixos níveis de vitamina D estão relacionados com a pandemia da COVID-19 em 3, das 4 faixas etárias investigadas e, pela investigação bibliográfica, podem definir o curso da doença. Assim, suplementar a dieta com vitamina D, sob orientação médica, torna-se uma medida preventiva e terapêutica no caso da COVID-19.
Parâmetros microbiológicos do solo em sistema de produção consorciado sob manejo orgânico
Authors: Chaves Josimar da Silva , Silva Lucas Souza da , Matos Sandoval Menezes de , Pereira Hipólito Ribas , Melo Juliano Jonas Sabio de , Silva André Ferreira , Santos Edileusa de Jesus dos , Silva Robson Pereira , Brito Welligton Alvarenga de , Leite Jadinéa Leandro 
Published: July 2022

Os diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo, como o plantio direto e o plantio convencional, assim como a rotação e sucessão de cultura, promovem alterações no solo, alterando fatores como a disponibilidade de água, oxigênio e substrato, afetando diretamente a microbiota do solo. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da forma de manejo dos sistemas de consórcio com presença da leguminosa gliricídia, sem gliricídia e vegetação nativa sobre atributos microbiológicos do solo. Foi conduzido um experimento em condição de campo, em área de manejo orgânico de uso do solo, cultivada com leguminosa gliricídia, fruteiras e essência florestal. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, no qual foram coletadas dez amostras de solo em triplicadas em duas profundidades (0-10 e 10-20 cm). As amostras foram homogeneizadas e peneiradas em peneiras, acondicionadas em sacos plásticos devidamente identificados e posterior análises dos atributos microbianos (carbono da biomassa microbiana- Cmic, nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana-Nmic, quociente metabólico- qCO2 e respiração basal (RBS). Observou-se que os sistemas de cultivo provocaram alterações significativas nos atributos microbiológicos do solo quando comparados com a vegetação nativa. Ocorreu diferença significativa nas variáveis analisadas, sendo que o sistema com a presença de gliricídia, os valores de nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana (Nmic) foram superiores aos da vegetação nativa, enquanto os valores de Cmic, RBS e qCO2 não diferenciaram. Esses resultados confirmam, que os sistemas de consorcio com presença de gliricídia foi igual a floresta nativa, em prover as condições favoráveis a mineralização da matéria orgânica pela microbiota do solo.
Perfil de pacientes renais crônicos em tratamento hemodialítico em um hospital regional no sul do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Tomich Geórgia Miranda , Barbosa Diôgo Amaral , Nogueira Amanda Carvalho , Silva Ákila Naualy Ferreira da , Melo José Douglas da Gama , Duarte Wegton Belforte 
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) é uma síndrome que acarreta a perda progressiva e irreversível das funções renais, e seu tratamento é considerado de elevado custo para o sistema de saúde pública. O crescimento da incidência da doença renal crônica (DRC) deve-se ao aumento de algumas enfermidades crônico-degenerativas, como destaque a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e ao diabetes mellitus (DM). Objetivo: Traçar o perfil de pacientes renais crônicos submetidos ao tratamento hemodialítico em um hospital regional do sul do Pará (Brasil). Metodologia: Trata de um estudo descritivo, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se levantamento de dados disponíveis no sistema eletrônico/prontuários dos pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico em um hospital regional no sul do Pará. Resultados: A população estudada foi composta por 91 pacientes. Em relação análise da etiologia da DRC, identificou-se a predominância de HAS (39,56%) e DM (30,76%). Quanto aos parâmetros laboratoriais, os resultados foram analisados em relação as metas estabelecidas para a qualidade em hemodiálise pela portaria n°389/14. Conclusão: Com a identificação do perfil dos pacientes renais, espera-se contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento de estratégias para a promoção e prevenção da saúde da população.
Aspectos relacionados à adesão à terapia antirretroviral de pessoas vivendo com HIV em um serviço de saúde de João Pessoa - PB
Authors: Felício Isabela Motta , Felício Melissa Motta , Silva Gerlane Guedes Delfino da , Oliveira Lucas Nóbrega de , Santos Aline Kely Felício de Sousa , Macedo Cibério Landim 
Published: July 2022

O objetivo do estudo é investigar e compreender o processo da não adesão ao tratamento de antirretroviral de pacientes com HIV cadastrados no SAE/CTA do município de João Pessoa-PB. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado nos meses de setembro a dezembro de 2021, onde foi utilizado o CEAT-VIH com adaptação brasileira para a coleta de dados referente a adesão do tratamento e entrevista estruturada para a coleta de dados sociodemográficos. Os resultados evidenciaram que, dos 123 participantes, a faixa etária predominante foi de 30 - 39 anos (35,8%), sendo a maioria do sexo masculino (86,2%), homossexuais (70,7%) e pardos (58,5%), com grau de escolaridade ensino superior completo (43,9%), vínculo empregatício (87%) e renda familiar prevalente de 1 a 3 salários mínimos (59,3%). A maioria apresentou tempo de diagnóstico entre de 6 meses a 5 anos (78,9%) e alta adesão ao TARV (58,5%). A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso é um tema importante e complexo, uma vez que envolve aspectos como o entendimento e compreensão da doença e dos medicamentos.
PENGARUH EDUKASI SUPORTIF TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: QODIR ABDUL 
Published: July 2022

Hypertension or better known as high blood pressure is a condition where there is an increase in blood pressure above the normal threshold of 120/80 mmHg. It is one of the diseases with a high prevalence. One of the problems that are often encountered in the treatment of hypertension. If not treated properly, long-term hypertension can be at risk of causing complications and death. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of supportive education on the level of knowledge of hypertensive patients based on empirical studies in the last 5 years. Methods This research uses the PICOS framework method, searching articles using Google Scholer and Science Direct. In the last 5 years, 10 Indonesian and English-language journals have been found with keywords in the search that match the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of this study. Based on 9 search journals, the results showed that the effect of supportive education on the knowledge level of hypertensive patients was obtained as a result of the significance value of knowledge in the intervention group of (p-value = 0.000), which means that there is a difference in the average knowledge in the group. intervention between before intervention and after intervention. While the significance value of knowledge in the control group is equal to (p-value = 0.209) which means that there is no difference in the average knowledge in the control group between before and after the intervention. The conclusion is that there is a difference in the effect of supportive education intervention between pretest and posttest on the variable level of knowledge that supportive education has a positive effect on the level of knowledge in controlling hypertension.
Keywords: Supportive education, level of knowledge and hypertension.
Apparent Insulin Deficiency in an Adult African Population With New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kibirige Davis , Sekitoleko Isaac , Balungi Priscilla , Lumu William , Nyirenda Moffat J. 
Published: July 2022

Identifying patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes who have insulin deficiency can aid in timely insulin replacement therapy. In this study, we measured fasting C-peptide concentration to assess endogenous insulin secretion and determine the prevalence and characteristics of patients with insulin deficiency in adult Ugandan patients with confirmed type 2 diabetes at presentation.MethodsAdult patients with new-onset diabetes were recruited from seven tertiary hospitals in Uganda. Participants who were positive for the three islet autoantibodies were excluded. Fasting C-peptide concentrations were measured in 494 adult patients, and insulin deficiency was defined as a fasting C-peptide concentration &lt;0.76 ng/ml. The socio-demographic, clinical, and metabolic characteristics of participants with and without insulin deficiency were compared. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of insulin deficiency.ResultsThe median (IQR) age, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting C-peptide of the participants was 48 (39-58) years,10.4 (7.7-12.5) % or 90 (61-113) mmol/mol, and 1.4 (0.8-2.1) ng/ml, respectively. Insulin deficiency was present in 108 (21.9%) participants. Participants with confirmed insulin deficiency were more likely to be male (53.7% vs 40.4%, p=0.01), and had a lower body mass index or BMI [p&lt;0.001], were less likely to be hypertensive [p=0.03], had reduced levels of triglycerides, uric acid, and leptin concentrations [p&lt;0.001]), but higher HbA1c concentration (p=0.004). On multivariate analysis, BMI (AOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.94, p&lt;0.001), non-HDLC (AOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.97, p=0.026), and HbA1c concentrations (AOR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.17, p=0.049) were independent predictors of insulin deficiency.ConclusionInsulin deficiency was prevalent in this population, occurring in about 1 in every 5 patients. Participants with insulin deficiency were more likely to have high HbA1c and fewer markers of adiposity and metabolic syndrome. These features should increase suspicion of insulin deficiency and guide targeted testing and insulin replacement therapy.
Therapeutic effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression
Authors: Cai Ting , Zheng Shao-peng , Shi Xiao , Yuan Ling-zhi , Hu Hai , Zhou Bai , Xiao Shi-lang , Wang Fen 
Published: July 2022

Background and objectiveDepression is a complex neuropsychiatric disease with extensive morbidity. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, and it is associated with extremely low rates of cure and complete remission. It is vital to study the pathogenesis of depression to develop effective treatments. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of depression in rats.MethodsThirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to model depression, and CUMS+FMT. For the CUMS and CUMS+FMT groups, after CUMS intervention (four weeks), the rats were given normal saline or FMT (once/week for three weeks), respectively. Behavior, colonic motility, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics on fecal samples were compared between the three rat groups. The following markers were analyzed: 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the hippocampus; glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the serum; and GLP-1, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT4R) levels in colonic tissues.ResultsFMT improved symptoms of depression and colonic motility in rats exposed to CUMS. The expression levels of 5-HT, GABA, BDNF, and other biochemical indices, significantly differed among the three groups. Meanwhile, the intestinal microbiota in the CUMS+FMT group was more similar to that of the control group with a total of 13 different fecal metabolites.ConclusionFMT exerted antidepressant effects on CUMS-induced depression in rats, and the mechanism involved various neurotransmitters, inflammatory factors, neurotrophic factors, and glucagon-like peptides.
Prognostic value of N-terminal Pro–B-Type natriuretic peptide in patients with intermediate coronary lesions
Authors: Song Chenxi , Yuan Sheng , Cui Kongyong , Cai Zhongxing , Zhang Rui , He Jining , Qiao Zheng , Bian Xiaohui , Wu Shaoyu , Wang Haoyu , Fu Rui , Wang Chunyue , Liu Qianqian , Yin Dong , Jia Lei , Dou Kefei 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe optimal treatment strategy for patients with coronary intermediate lesions, defined as diameter stenosis of 50–70%, remains a great challenge for cardiologists. Identification of potential biomarkers predictive of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) risk may assist in risk stratification and clinical decision.MethodsA total of 1,187 patients with intermediate coronary lesions and available N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were enrolled in the current study. A baseline NT-proBNP level was obtained. The primary endpoint was defined as MACEs, the composite endpoint of all-cause death and non-fatal myocardial infarction. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to explore the association between NT-proBNP level and MACE risk.ResultsThe mean age of the study cohort was 59.2 years. A total of 68 patients experienced MACE during a median follow-up of 6.1 years. Restricted cubic spline analysis delineated a linear relationship between the baseline NT-proBNP level and MACE risk. Both univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that an increased NT-proBNP level was associated with an increased risk of MACE [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per doubling: 1.412, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.022–1.952, p = 0.0365]. This association remains consistent in clinical meaningful subgroups according to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and diabetes.ConclusionAn increased NT-proBNP level is associated with an increased risk of MACE in patients with intermediate coronary lesions and may serve as the potential biomarker for risk stratification and treatment decision guidance.
Real-word evaluation of differences in bowel preparation for colonoscopy between the digestive and the non-digestive physicians: A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Cenqin , Yuan Xin , Gao Hui , Zhang Zhixin , Wang Weihong , Xie Jiarong , Lu Hongpeng , Chen Jian , Yu Chaohui , Xu Lei 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionUsing real-world data, we compared the quality of bowel preparation instructed by the digestive and non-digestive physicians in outpatients for colonoscopy and identified potential risk factors.MethodsThis was a retrospective study based on real-world data, which were collected from the Ningbo First Hospital in China from December 2019 to October 2020. Outpatients included were classified into the digestive and the non-digestive physician groups according to the referring physician. The primary outcome was adequate bowel preparation measured by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), namely, a BBPS score of 2 or higher in any colonic segment and a total score ≥ 6. Secondary outcomes included the total mean BBPS scores and possible risk factors associated with poor bowel preparation.ResultsThere were 671 outpatients included, with 392 in the digestive physician group and 279 in the non-digestive physician group. Adequate bowel preparation was 84.2% in the digestive physician group and 71.0% in the non-digestive physician group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.50, p &lt; 0.001), and the latter had lower total mean BBPS scores (6.12 ± 1.33 vs. 6.66 ± 1.29, p &lt; 0.001). The non-digestive physician was an independent risk factor according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR: 0.45, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe quality of bowel preparations instructed by non-digestive physicians was inferior to digestive physicians, which was a factor potentially associated with poor bowel preparation (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04738578).
Effect of Prophylactic Intrathecal Pethidine on the Incidence of Shivering on Mothers Undergoing Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Girma Timsel , Alemu Wagaye , Assen Sofia 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundShivering is the most common and unpleasant complication of anesthesia with an incidence of 70.7% in cesarean section done under spinal anesthesia which is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory complications. Even though it causes such devastating complications; the prevention of shivering is not well investigated. This study aimed to assess the effect of intrathecal pethidine on the incidence and severity of shivering in patients undergoing cesarean section under Spinal anesthesia.Materials and MethodsAfter obtaining ethical clearance double-blinded single centered a randomized controlled trial was conducted in a total of 86 pregnant mothers who were randomly allocated into two groups by computer-generated random number. Approximately 1 ml of 10 mg preservative-free pethidine was added to 12.5 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia in the treatment group and 12.5 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine alone was given in the control group. Incidence and severity of shivering, as well as adverse effect was recorded intraoperatively, in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and ward. Independent sample t-test, Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square were used for analysis. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsShivering was observed in 53.5 and 20.9% in the control and treatment groups, respectively, which was statistically significant with p = 0.002. The risk of developing shivering was reduced by 61% in the treatment group with (RR = 0.39 and CI of 0.205–0.745); the intensity of shivering was also higher in the control group than in the treatment group with p = 0.004. Considering an adverse effect, the incidence of PONV was not significantly different between with p &gt; 0.05 while the incidence of pruritus was higher in the treatment group than the control group with p = 0.003.ConclusionAdding 10 mg of preservative free pethidine intrathecally during spinal anesthesia is effective in reducing incidence and severity of shivering, without causing significant adverse effects on mother.
Impact of Time-Varying Intensity of Mechanical Ventilation on 28-Day Mortality Depends on Fluid Balance in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hu Weiwei , Zhang Suming , He Zhengyu , Zhou Yang , Wang Ziwen , Zhang Yang , Zang Baohe , Zhao Wenjing , Chao Yali 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundRecent studies have mainly focused on the association between baseline intensity of mechanical ventilation (driving pressure or mechanical power) and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is unclear whether the association between the time-varying intensity of mechanical ventilation and mortality is significant and varies according to the fluid balance trajectories.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis based on the NHLBI ARDS Network’s Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (FACTT). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was employed to identify phenotypes based on fluid balance trajectories. Bayesian joint models were used to account for informative censoring due to death during follow-up.ResultsA total of 1,000 patients with ARDS were included in the analysis. Our study identified two phenotypes of ARDS, and compared patients with Early Negative Fluid Balance (Early NFB) and patients with Persistent-Positive Fluid Balance (Persistent-PFB) accompanied by higher tidal volume, higher static driving pressure, higher mechanical power, and lower PaO2/FiO2, over time during mechanical ventilation. The 28-day mortality was 14.8% in Early NFB and 49.6% in Persistent-PFB (p &lt; 0.001). In the Bayesian joint models, the hazard ratio (HR) of 28-day death for time-varying static driving pressure [HR 1.03 (95% CI 1.01–1.05; p &lt; 0.001)] and mechanical power [HR 1.01 (95% CI 1.002–1.02; p = 0.01)] was significant in patients with Early NFB, but not in patients with Persistent-PFB.ConclusionTime-varying intensity of mechanical ventilation was associated with a 28-day mortality of ARDS in a patient with Early NFB but not in patients with Persistent-PFB.
A randomized triple-blind controlled clinical trial evaluation of sitagliptin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases without diabetes
Authors: Doustmohammadian Azam , Nezhadisalami Ahmad , Safarnezhad Tameshke Fahimeh , Motamed Nima , Maadi Mansooreh , Farahmand Mohammad , Sohrabi Masoudreza , Clark Cain C. T. , Ajdarkosh Hossein , Faraji Amir Hossein , Nikkhah Mehdi , Sobhrakhshankhah Elham , Ebrahimi Ramin , Zamani Farhad 
Published: July 2022

The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sitagliptin vs. placebo in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In a triple-blind randomized clinical trial, we assigned 120 eligible subjects with NAFLD to receive daily dosing of 50 mg sitagliptin (n= 60) or the placebo (n= 60) for 56 weeks and lifestyle modification in both groups. Laboratory and anthropometric outcomes were measured, and liver stiffness was assessed using a fibroscan. The primary outcome measures were changes from baseline in fibrosis scores and liver transferases. Out of 120 patients randomized into sitagliptin and placebo groups, 76 patients completed the trial, of whom 44 were in the sitagliptin and 32 in the placebo groups. Patients receiving sitagliptin showed a significant decrease in the fibrosis scores (P= 0.001). The reductions in the alanine aminotransferase (AST) (P= 0.036) and aspartate AST (P&lt; 0.001) levels were also statistically significant. The effect of sitagliptin in reducing fibrosis scores was significantly greater in normal-weight and overweight individuals than in obese individuals (p= 0.036, andp= 0.018, respectively), whereas the effects of sitagliptin on AST levels were greater among overweight/obese patients (p= 0.028, andp= 0.016, respectively). Sitagliptin reduced fibrosis scores and liver enzymes in NAFLD patients after 56 weeks of therapy. The changes in fibrosis scores were more prominent in patients with normal weight and overweight than obese patients, whereas the effects on AST levels were greater among overweight/obese patients. Other randomized trials with larger sample sizes and longer treatment durations may be required before precise results can be reached.Clinical Trial Registration[https://www.irct.ir/trial/46140], identifier [IRCT20140430017505N2].