bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia promotes a perinatal-like progenitor state in the adult murine epicardium
Authors: Sayed Angeliqua , Turoczi Szimonetta , Soares-da-Silva Francisca , Marazzi Giovanna , Hulot Jean-Sebastien , Sassoon David , Valente Mariana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe epicardium is a reservoir of progenitors that give rise to coronary vasculature and stroma during development and mediates cardiac vascular repair. However, its role as a source of progenitors in the adult mammalian heart remains unclear due to lack of clear lineage markers and single-cell culture systems to elucidate epicardial progeny cell fate. We found that in vivo exposure of mice to physiological hypoxia induced adult epicardial cells to re-enter the cell cycle and to express a subset of developmental genes. Multiplex single cell transcriptional profiling revealed a lineage relationship between epicardial cells and smooth muscle, stromal cells, as well as cells with an endothelial-like fate. We found that physiological hypoxia promoted a perinatal-like progenitor state in the adult murine epicardium. In vitro clonal analyses of purified epicardial cells showed that cell growth and subsequent differentiation is dependent upon hypoxia, and that resident epicardial cells retain progenitor identity in the adult mammalian heart with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. These results point to a source of progenitor cells in the adult heart that can be stimulated in vivo and provide an in vitro model for further studies.
Bilateral adrenal uptake of 123I MIBG scintigraphy with mild catecholamine elevation, the diagnostic dilemma, and its characteristics
Authors: Inaba Yuiko , Yamamoto Masaaki , Urai Shin , Suzuki Masaki , Nishikage Seiji , Kanzawa Maki , Aoyama Yayoi , Kanda Tomonori , Shigemura Katsumi , Bando Hironori , Iguchi Genzo , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Fujisawa Masato , Imagawa Akihisa , Fukuoka Hidenori , Ogawa Wataru 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCases in which bilateral adrenal 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy accumulation is sometimes shown, with mildly elevated catecholamine (CA) or metanephrine (MN) levels (within 3 times the upper reference limit) are diagnostic dilemmas. We experienced 3 cases of adrenal incidentalomas with this dilemma in the differential diagnosis. The clinical diagnosis was subclinical Cushing's syndrome in 2 cases, and primary aldosteronism in 1. Despite suspected CA excess in clinical symptoms and imaging findings, the pathological findings of all these tumors were revealed to be cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B member 1 (CYP11B1) positive adrenocortical adenomas. Interestingly, adrenal medullary hyperplasia (AMH) was detected in the adrenal parenchyma of all those backgrounds. To clarify the clinical features of such cases, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kobe University Hospital from 2014 to 2020. One-hundred sixty-four patients who had undergone 123I-MIBG scintigraphy were recruited. Among them, 10 patients (6.1%) met the above criteria, including the presented 3 cases. Plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline, urinary metanephrine, and normetanephrine had values of 0.05 ± 0.05 ng/mL, 0.63 ± 0.32 ng/mL, 0.22 ± 0.05 mg/day, and 0.35 ± 0.16 mg/day, respectively. Nine cases were complicated with hypertension, and symptoms related to CA excess were observed. Half of them (5 cases) including presented 3 cases had unilateral adrenal tumors. These suggest that in cases of bilateral adrenal uptake on 123I-MIBG, AMH needs to be considered. Adrenocortical adenomas may be associated with AMH and further larger investigation is needed for this pathology.
Identification of ADS024, a newly characterized strain of Bacillus velezensis with direct Clostridiodes difficile killing and toxin degradation bio-activities
Authors: O’Donnell Michelle M. , Hegarty James W. , Healy Brian , Schulz Sarah , Walsh Calum J. , Hill Colin , Ross R. Paul , Rea Mary C. , Farquhar Ronald , Chesnel Laurent 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains a significant health threat worldwide. C. difficile is an opportunistic, toxigenic pathogen that takes advantage of a disrupted gut microbiome to grow and produce signs and symptoms ranging from diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis. Antibiotics used to treat C. difficile infection are usually broad spectrum and can further disrupt the commensal gut microbiota, leaving patients susceptible to recurrent C. difficile infection. There is a growing need for therapeutic options that can continue to inhibit the outgrowth of C. difficile after antibiotic treatment is completed. Treatments that degrade C. difficile toxins while having minimal collateral impact on gut bacteria are also needed to prevent recurrence. Therapeutic bacteria capable of producing a range of antimicrobial compounds, proteases, and other bioactive metabolites represent a potentially powerful tool for preventing CDI recurrence following resolution of symptoms. Here, we describe the identification and initial characterization of ADS024 (formerly ART24), a novel therapeutic bacterium that can kill C. difficile in vitro with limited impact on other commensal bacteria. In addition to directly killing C. difficile, ADS024 also produces proteases capable of degrading C. difficile toxins, the drivers of symptoms associated with most cases of CDI. ADS024 is in clinical development for the prevention of CDI recurrence as a single-strain live biotherapeutic product, and this initial data set supports further studies aimed at evaluating ADS024 in future human clinical trials.
Analysis of a q-deformed hyperbolic short laser pulse in a multi-level atomic system
Authors: Boutabba N. , Grira S. , Eleuch H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA fast laser pulse with a q-deformed hyperbolic function shape is investigated in a Multi-level atomic system. Therefore, we first derive the exact solution of the Bloch equations describing a two-level atom excited by a q-deformed laser pulse with dephasing and time-dependent detuning. Next, we analyze the dynamic of the atomic population inversion at resonance and off-resonance of a Rubidium 87 three-level atom driven by a classical weak field and a strong q-deformed control laser. Finally, in order to get a deeper insight of the probe field’s absorption and dispersion properties, we investigate the coherence’s dependence on the q-deformation. Our work demonstrates that, the dynamic of the atomic system can be fully controlled through the manipulation of the asymmetry scaling parameter q of the q-deformed hyperbolic laser wave-form.
Artificial neural network prediction of performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with palm biodiesel
Authors: El-Shafay A. S. , Alqsair Umar F. , Abdel Razek S. M. , Gad M. S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing of energy consumption, depletion of petroleum fuels and harmful emissions have triggered the interest to find substitute fuels for diesel engines. Palm ethyl ester was synthesized from palm oil through transesterification process. The physicochemical properties of palm biodiesel have been measured and confirmed in accordance with ASTM standards. The aim of the paper is to show the effect of different diesel-palm biodiesel blends on performance, combustion and emissions in diesel engine at engine load variation. Artificial Neural Network was used for the prediction of engine performance, exhaust emission and combustion characteristics parameters. Palm ethyl ester and diesel oil were blended in 5, 10, 15 and 20 by volume percentage. The maximum decreases in thermal efficiency, fuel–air equivalence ratio for B20 were 1.5, 3.5, 6 and 8% but the maximum increases in BSFC, exhaust gas temperature and NOx emission for B20 at full load about diesel fuel were 9, 8 and 10%, respectively. The highest decreases in CO, HC and smoke emissions of B20 about diesel oil at full load were 2, 35 and 18.5% at full load, respectively. Biodiesel blend B20 achieved the maximum declines in peak HRR, cylinder temperature and combustion duration about diesel fuel. The results of ANN were compared with experimental results and showed that ANN is effective modeling method with high accuracy. Palm biodiesel blends up to 20% showed the highest enhancements in engine performance, combustion and emission reductions compared to diesel fuel.
Image analysis reveals molecularly distinct patterns of TILs in NSCLC associated with treatment outcome
Authors: Ding Ruiwen , Prasanna Prateek , Corredor Germán , Barrera Cristian , Zens Philipp , Lu Cheng , Velu Priya , Leo Patrick , Beig Niha , Li Haojia , Toro Paula , Berezowska Sabina , Baxi Vipul , Balli David , Belete Merzu , Rimm David L. , Velcheti Vamsidhar , Schalper Kurt , Madabhushi Anant 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite known histological, biological, and clinical differences between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), relatively little is known about the spatial differences in their corresponding immune contextures. Our study of over 1000 LUAD and LUSC tumors revealed that computationally derived patterns of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on H&E images were different between LUAD (N = 421) and LUSC (N = 438), with TIL density being prognostic of overall survival in LUAD and spatial arrangement being more prognostically relevant in LUSC. In addition, the LUAD-specific TIL signature was associated with OS in an external validation set of 100 NSCLC treated with more than six different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens, and predictive of response to therapy in the clinical trial CA209-057 (n = 303). In LUAD, the prognostic TIL signature was primarily comprised of CD4+T and CD8+T cells, whereas in LUSC, the immune patterns were comprised of CD4+T, CD8+T, and CD20+B cells. In both subtypes, prognostic TIL features were associated with transcriptomics-derived immune scores and biological pathways implicated in immune recognition, response, and evasion. Our results suggest the need for histologic subtype-specific TIL-based models for stratifying survival risk and predicting response to therapy. Our findings suggest that predictive models for response to therapy will need to account for the unique morphologic and molecular immune patterns as a function of histologic subtype of NSCLC.
Zinc is a master-regulator of sperm function associated with binding, motility, and metabolic modulation during porcine sperm capacitation
Authors: Zigo Michal , Kerns Karl , Sen Sidharth , Essien Clement , Oko Richard , Xu Dong , Sutovsky Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSperm capacitation is a post-testicular maturation step endowing spermatozoa with fertilizing capacity within the female reproductive tract, significant for fertility, reproductive health, and contraception. Recently discovered mammalian sperm zinc signatures and their changes during sperm in vitro capacitation (IVC) warranted a more in-depth study of zinc interacting proteins (further zincoproteins). Here, we identified 1752 zincoproteins, with 102 changing significantly in abundance (P < 0.05) after IVC. These are distributed across 8 molecular functions, 16 biological processes, and 22 protein classes representing 130 pathways. Two key, paradigm-shifting observations were made: i) during sperm capacitation, molecular functions of zincoproteins are both upregulated and downregulated within several molecular function categories; and ii) Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease pathways were the two most represented, making spermatozoon a candidate model for studying neurodegenerative diseases. These findings highlight the importance of Zn2+homeostasis in reproduction, offering new avenues in semen processing for human-assisted reproductive therapy, identification of somatic-reproductive comorbidities, and livestock breeding.
Bioconversion of CO to formate by artificially designed carbon monoxide:formate oxidoreductase in hyperthermophilic archaea
Authors: Lim Jae Kyu , Yang Ji-In , Kim Yun Jae , Park Yeong-Jun , Kim Yong Hwan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFerredoxin-dependent metabolic engineering of electron transfer circuits has been developed to enhance redox efficiency in the field of synthetic biology, e.g., for hydrogen production and for reduction of flavoproteins or NAD(P)+. Here, we present the bioconversion of carbon monoxide (CO) gas to formate via a synthetic CO:formate oxidoreductase (CFOR), designed as an enzyme complex for direct electron transfer between non-interacting CO dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase using an electron-transferring Fe-S fusion protein. The CFOR-introduced Thermococcus onnurineus mutant strains showed CO-dependent formate production in vivo and in vitro. The maximum formate production rate from purified CFOR complex and specific formate productivity from the bioreactor were 2.2 ± 0.2 μmol/mg/min and 73.1 ± 29.0 mmol/g-cells/h, respectively. The CO-dependent CO2 reduction/formate production activity of synthetic CFOR was confirmed, indicating that direct electron transfer between two unrelated dehydrogenases was feasible via mediation of the FeS-FeS fusion protein.
Novel system for road traffic optimisation in large cities
Authors: Alkhatib Ahmad A. A. , Abu Maria Khulood , Alzu'bi Shadi , Abu Maria Eman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTraffic congestion and road intersection management have become a significant issue, mainly with the highly increasing number of vehicles in cities. There is a common belief from vehicle drivers that installing traffic lights with some consideration of traffic flows will be dominant in traffic movements. This article proposes a novel system for Urban Traffic Control (UTC) with a continuous dynamic environment adaptation to improve traffic flow on large cities' network roads. The proposed system introduces vehicle counting method, lane evaluation of the current status and controlling method considering the effect on the whole traffic network—not just the intersection itself—to provide an efficient traffic scheduling. The main objective of the authors’ system is to reduce traffic jam, by reducing waiting time and trip time for vehicles at intersections. Some indicators and models are introduced in this work to assign traffic flow schedules with minimum traffic congestion and vehicle waiting time. These indicators and models include a traffic jam indicator, vehicle priority and lane weight. A multi‐agent urban traffic control system is proposed as the simulation environment using NetLogo simulator. (A total of 150) Vehicles are generated with random behaviour distributed over 25 intersections for 9 h duration to compare the normal fixed cycle traffic light and the authors’ smart traffic control. Results show a reduction in the total average waiting time of all vehicles for the simulation period by more than (29.98%). Hence, it is more suitable for the complexity of the current traffic condition with minimum changing infrastructure.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie des Klinikums der Universität München: Patientenversorgung, Lehre und Forschung in der gesamten fachlichen Breite
Authors: Prinz Jörg C. , French Lars E. 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie des Klinikums der Universität München vertritt die gesamte Breite der akademischen Medizin in Patientenversorgung, Forschung und Lehre. Sie hat mit dem ersten dermatologischen Lehrstuhl im Jahr 1863 die universitäre Dermatologie Deutschlands begründet. Herausragende Münchner Ordinarien haben seitdem zum internationalen Ruf der deutschen Dermatologie beigetragen. Mit den zwei Trägerschaften aus Universität und der Stadt München (MÜK) beinhaltet sie eine große Poliklinik mit jährlich nahezu 100 000 Kontakten, ein Bettenhaus mit 104 stationären Betten, jeweils eine große stationäre und ambulante operative Abteilung, die Tagesklinik sowie verschiedene Spezialabteilungen und -sprechstunden. Sie erlauben eine vielschichtige, hochqualitative und spezialisierte Patientenversorgung. Die Forschung mit Studienzentren sowie klinisch und experimentell orientierten Forschergruppen zu verschiedenen Schwerpunkten ermöglicht eine stete Weiterentwicklung des medizinischen Standards und des pathophysiologischen Wissens und sichert den wissenschaftlichen Ruf der Klinik über die Grenzen hinaus. Ein strukturiertes Weiterbildungsprogramm für die Assistentinnen und Assistenten garantiert eine klinisch vielschichtige Facharztausbildung. Die Lehre erlaubt durch Hauptvorlesung, Seminare, Tutorials und Unterricht am Krankenbett mit über 1300 jährlich abgehaltenen Lehrstunden für die Studierenden einen strukturierten Einblick in das Fach der Dermatologie. Hinzu kommen dermatologische Vorlesungen für die Zahnmediziner sowie zur Berufsdermatologie. Hiermit ist die Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie des Klinikums der Universität München eine der größten dermatologischen akademischen Einrichtungen ihrer Art, nicht nur in Deutschland.
Cardiovascular Regulation During Acute Gravitational Changes with Exhaling on Exertion
Authors: Latscha Rina , Koschate Jessica , Bloch Wilhelm , Werner Andreas , Hoffmann Uwe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring gravitational changes or changes in the direction of action in relation to the body, fluid displacements can be observed. In special cases different breathing maneuvers (e. g., exhaling on exertion; Ex-Ex) are used to counteract acute fluid shifts. Both factors have a significant impact on cardiovascular regulation. Eight healthy male subjects were tested on a tilt seat, long arm human centrifuge, and parabolic flight. The work aims to investigate the effect of exhaling on exertion on the cardiovascular regulation during acute gravitational changes compared to normal breathing. Possible interactions and differences between conditions (Ex-Ex, normal breathing) for the parameters V’O 2 , V’ E , HR, and SV were analysed over a 40 s period by a three-way ANOVA. Significant (p≤0.05) effects for all main factors and interactions between condition and time as well as maneuver and time were found for all variables. The exhaling on exertion maneuver had a significant influence on the cardiovascular response during acute gravitational and positional changes. For example, the significant increase of V’O2 at the end of the exhalation on exertion maneuver indicates an increased lung circulation as a result of the maneuver.
Preoperative Metal Patch Testing and Titanium Bar Use Criteria in Nuss Procedure: A 56-Patients' Cohort Study
Authors: Pereira-Nunes Joana , Vasconcelos-Castro Sofia , Fontoura-Matias José , Preto-Gomes Nuno , Marinho-Cunha Ana , Soares-Oliveira Miguel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Nuss procedure is the main reason for metal implants use by pediatric and thoracic surgeons. There is an ongoing debate on how to avoid allergic complications. Herein we describe our 8-year experience with systematic preoperative metal patch testing and our selective titanium bar use in Nuss procedure.
Materials and Methods This is a single center retrospective observational cohort study of patients who underwent the Nuss procedure from 2013 to 2020. Preoperative metal patch testing was done in all cases. Criteria for titanium bar utilization were: a positive test for a major component of the stainless-steel bar; or a positive metal patch test and a positive history of atopy, food or metal allergy, or previous allergic reaction to an implant or device.
Results In total, 56 patients were included. Most were male (91.1%) with a median age of 15.0 (13.0–22.0) years old. 19.6% had a positive preoperative metal patch test and 54.5% of these had no personal history of atopy. Stainless-steel bars were used in 27.3% of those patients and titanium bars were used in 72.7%. One patient had a documented minor allergy reaction. None of the 56 patients required early bar removal.
Conclusion Our study suggests that routine preoperative allergy testing and a judicious use of titanium bar are safe and avoid metal allergic complications.
Thermal ablation of mucosal defect margins to prevent local recurrence of large colorectal polyps: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Meulen Lonne W.T. , Bogie Roel M.M. , Winkens Bjorn , Masclee Ad A.M. , Moons Leon M.G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic mucosal resection of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps is characterized by a high risk of recurrence. Thermal ablation of the mucosal defect margins may reduce recurrence in these lesions, but a systematic overview of the current evidence is lacking.
Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane until July 2021, for studies on thermal ablation of mucosal defect margins of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps. Main goal of this meta-analysis was to identify pooled risk difference of recurrence between thermal ablation vs. no adjuvant treatment. Secondary goal was to identify pooled recurrence rate after snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) and argon plasma coagulation (APC).
Results Ten studies on thermal ablation of mucosal defect margins were included, with three studies on argon plasma coagulation, six studies on snare tip soft coagulation and one study comparing both treatment modalities, representing a total of 316 APC cases and 1598 STSC cases. Overall pooled risk difference of recurrence was –0.17 (95 % confidence interval [CI] –0.22 to –0.12) as compared to no adjuvant treatment. Pooled risk difference was –0.16 (95 % CI –0.19 to –0.14) for STSC and –0.26 (95 % CI –0.80 to 0.28) for APC. Pooled recurrence rate was 4 % (95 % CI 2 % to 8 %) for STSC and 9 % (95 % CI 4 % to 19 %) for APC.
Conclusions Thermal ablation of mucosal defect margins significantly reduces recurrence rate in large non-pedunculated colorectal lesions compared to no adjuvant treatment. While no evidence for superiority exists, STSC may be preferred over APC, because this method is the most evidence-based, and cost-effective modality.
Prospective evaluation of the motorized spiral enteroscope for previous incomplete colonoscopy
Authors: Al-Toma Abdulbaqi , Oude Hergelink Dorien M. , Tenthof van Noorden Jacco , Koornstra Jan Jacob 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims A significant percentage of colonoscopies remain incomplete because of failure to intubate the cecum. The motorized spiral enteroscope (MSE) technique, originally developed for deep small bowel enteroscopy, may be an effective alternative technique in cases of incomplete examination of abnormally long colons (dolichocolon). We prospectively evaluated the success rate of cecal intubation, safety and the therapeutic consequences of using MSE after incomplete conventional colonoscopy.
Patients and methods A total of 36 consecutive patients with an indication for diagnostic and/or therapeutic colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled in this multicenter trial. All patients had undergone at least one incomplete colonoscopy attributed to abnormally long colons. Patients with incomplete colonoscopy due to stenosis were excluded.
Results Twenty-two men and 14 women (median age 66 years, range 35–82) were enrolled. Median procedure time was 30 minutes (range 16–50). Cecal intubation rate was 100 % and median cecal intubation time was 10 minutes (range 4–30). Abnormalities, mostly neoplastic lesions, were detected in 23 of 36 patients, corresponding to a diagnostic yield of 64 %. All these findings were in the right side of the colon and had not been described by the antecedent incomplete coloscopy. No adverse events occurred.
Conclusions In case of a difficult and long colon, MSE is safe and effective for diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy. It may provide an attractive solution to accomplish completeness of previous incomplete colonoscopies in these patients.