bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of non-invasively obtained central blood pressure on cardiovascular outcome in diabetic patients in Assiut University Hospitals
Authors: El Toony Lobna F. , Ramzy Andrew N. , Abozaid Mohamed A. A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes is cardiovascular disease, which is exacerbated by the presence of hypertension. Therefore, proper control of BP in diabetic hypertensive patients is essential. Few studies have specifically investigated the prognostic significance of central BP in Egyptian populations with diabetes and hypertension and its relation with cardiovascular outcome. This study aims to evaluate relation between central BP and diabetic composite cardiovascular complications.

Results
Diabetic patients with CVD were significantly older (p value < 0.01), obese (p value < 0.01) with long duration of diabetes (p value < 0.001) and had significantly higher peripheral and central systolic and diastolic BP and higher AIx@75(p values < 0.01) than those without CVD. Regarding the metabolic parameters, they had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and higher blood cholesterol levels (p values < 0.001), higher LDL (p value < 0.01), triglycerides levels (p value = 0.014), and microalbuminuria (p value = 0.028). Logistic regression analysis found increased BMI, central systolic BP, and AIx@75 were independent predictors of composite CVD (p values < 0.05).

Conclusions
There is a pattern of favorability towards central rather than peripheral BP indices to predict the occurrence of CVD in diabetic patients.
Randomized Phase III Trial Evaluating Spartalizumab Plus Dabrafenib and Trametinib forBRAFV600–Mutant Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Dummer Reinhard , Long Georgina V. , Robert Caroline , Tawbi Hussein A. , Flaherty Keith T. , Ascierto Paolo A. , Nathan Paul D. , Rutkowski Piotr , Leonov Oleg , Dutriaux Caroline , Mandalà Mario , Lorigan Paul , Ferrucci Pier Francesco , Grob Jean Jacques , Meyer Nicolas , Gogas Helen , Stroyakovskiy Daniil , Arance Ana , Brase Jan C. , Green Steven , Haas Tomas , Masood Aisha , Gasal Eduard , Ribas Antoni , Schadendorf Dirk 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSEPreclinical data suggest the combination of an anti–programmed death receptor 1 antibody plus dabrafenib and trametinib to have superior antitumor activity compared with dabrafenib plus trametinib alone. These observations are supported by translational evidence suggesting that immune checkpoint inhibitors plus targeted therapy may improve treatment outcomes in patients with BRAF V600–mutant metastatic melanoma. COMBI-i is a phase III trial evaluating spartalizumab, an anti–programmed death receptor 1 antibody, in combination with dabrafenib and trametinib (sparta-DabTram), versus placebo plus dabrafenib and trametinib (placebo-DabTram) in patients with BRAF V600–mutant unresectable or metastatic melanoma.METHODSPatients received spartalizumab 400 mg intravenously every 4 weeks plus dabrafenib 150 mg orally twice daily and trametinib 2 mg orally once daily or placebo-DabTram. Participants were age ≥ 18 years with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600–mutant melanoma. The primary end point was investigator-assessed progression-free survival. Overall survival was a key secondary end point (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02967692 ).RESULTSAt data cutoff (July 1, 2020), the median progression-free survival was 16.2 months (95% CI, 12.7 to 23.9 months) in the sparta-DabTram arm versus 12.0 months (95% CI, 10.2 to 15.4 months) in the placebo-DabTram arm (hazard ratio, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.66 to 1.03]; P = .042 [one-sided; nonsignificant]). The objective response rates were 69% (183 of 267 patients) versus 64% (170 of 265 patients), respectively. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 55% (146 of 267) of patients in the sparta-DabTram arm and 33% (88 of 264) in the placebo-DabTram arm.CONCLUSIONThe study did not meet its primary end point; broad first-line use of sparta-DabTram is not supported by these results. Further biomarker-driven investigation may identify patient subpopulations who could benefit from checkpoint inhibitor plus targeted therapy combinations.
Resonating delay equation
Authors: Ohira K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We propose here a delay differential equation that exhibits a new type of resonating oscillatory dynamics. The oscillatory transient dynamics appear and disappear as the delay is increased between zero to asymptotically large delay. The optimal height of the power spectrum of the dynamical trajectory is observed with the suitably tuned delay. This resonant behavior contrasts itself against the general behaviors where an increase of the delay parameter leads to the persistence of oscillations or more complex dynamics.
Anti-gravity technology by non-positive equivalent mass revealing UFO flying secrets
Authors: Wu Jiu Hui , Yang Shao Kun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a novel kind of anti-gravity technology by non-positive equivalent mass of aircraft is presented to try to reveal UFO flying secrets. Starting with a two-degree-of-freedom system, it is found that the system could produce an infinite acceleration under the condition of zero dynamic equivalent mass, and also provide a movement opposite to the direction of the external force under the negative equivalent mass. These two cases with non-positive equivalent mass could both be regarded as a novel kind of anti-gravity technology, which is also verified by a designed dynamic simulation experiment. For any aircraft that can be regarded as a multi-degree-of-freedom system driven by engine or other external forces, the non-positive equivalent mass could be figured out once the external input including gravity and engine exciting forces is known. Thus the anti-gravity technology for any aircraft could be realized, which could also be extended to matters related to flight, such as space ships, missiles, airplanes, etc.
Steroid Hormone Profiles and Molecular Diagnostic Tools in Pediatric Patients With non-CAH Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Seven Menevse Tuba , Kendir Demirkol Yasemin , Gurpinar Tosun Busra , Bayramoglu Elvan , Yildiz Melek , Acar Sezer , Erisen Karaca Seda , Orbak Zerrin , Onder Asan , Sobu Elif , Anık Ahmet , Atay Zeynep , Bugrul Fuat , Derya Bulus Ayse , Demir Korcan , Dogan Durmus , Cihan Emeksiz Hamdi , Kirmizibekmez Heves , Ozcan Murat Nurhan , Yaman Akan , Turan Serap , Bereket Abdullah , Guran Tulay 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
There is a significant challenge of attributing specific diagnoses to patients with primary adrenal insufficiency of unknown etiology other than congenital adrenal hyperplasia (non-CAH PAI). Specific diagnoses per se may guide personalized treatment or may illuminate pathophysiology.

Objective
This work aimed to investigate the efficacy of steroid hormone profiles and high-throughput sequencing methods in establishing the etiology in non-CAH PAI of unknown origin.

Methods
Pediatric patients with non-CAH PAI whose etiology could not be established by clinical and biochemical characteristics were enrolled. Genetic analysis was performed using targeted-gene panel sequencing (TPS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES). Plasma adrenal steroids were quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and compared to that of controls. This study comprised 18 pediatric endocrinology clinics with 41 patients (17 girls, median age: 3 mo, range: 0-8 y) with non-CAH PAI of unknown etiology.

Results
A genetic diagnosis was obtained in 29 (70.7%) patients by TPS. Further molecular diagnosis could not be achieved by WES. Compared to a healthy control group, patients showed lower steroid concentrations, most statistically significantly in cortisone, cortisol, and corticosterone (P &lt; .0001, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: .96, .88, and .87, respectively). Plasma cortisol of less than 4 ng/mL, cortisone of less than 11 ng/mL, and corticosterone of less than 0.11 ng/mL had a greater than 95% specificity to ensure the diagnosis of non-CAH PAI of unknown etiology.

Conclusion
Steroid hormone profiles are highly sensitive for the diagnosis of non-CAH PAI of unknown etiology, but they are unlikely to point to a specific molecular diagnosis. TPS is an optimal approach in the molecular diagnosis of these patients with high efficacy, whereas little additional benefit is expected from WES.
Association Between Health Literacy and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol Adherence and Postoperative Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Qin Pei-Pei , Jin Ju-Ying , Min Su , Wang Wen-Jian , Shen Yi-Wei 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Low health literacy (HL) adversely affects medical adherence and health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. However, the association between HL and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) adherence and postoperative outcomes has not been investigated in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

METHODS:
The data of all patients from a single academic institution who underwent colorectal surgery on an ERAS pathway from January 2019 to July 2020 were prospectively collected. HL levels were assessed using the Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS), a proven tool that was used by surgeons after recruitment. According to the HL score, the participants were categorized into low HL (≤9 points) and high HL (10–15 points) groups. The primary outcome was ERAS adherence. Adherence was measured in 22 perioperative elements, and high adherence was defined as adherence to 17 to 22 elements. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications, hospital length of stay (LOS), hospital charges, mortality, and readmissions.

RESULTS:
Of the 865 eligible patients, the high HL group consisted of 329 patients (38.0%), and the low HL group contained 536 patients (62.0%). After propensity score matching (1:1), 240 unique pairs of patients with similar characteristics were selected. Patients with high HL levels had a significantly higher rate of high adherence to ERAS standards than those with low HL levels (55% vs 25.8%; adjusted P < .001). In terms of adherence to each item, high HL levels were significantly associated with higher adherence to preoperative optimization (90.8% vs 71.7%; adjusted P < .001), postoperative gum chewing (59.2% vs 44.6%; adjusted P = .01), early feeding (59.2% vs 31.3%; adjusted P < .001), and early mobilization (56.7% vs 30.4%; adjusted P < .001). In the overall study population, adjusted logistic regression analyses also showed that high HL levels were associated with a significantly increased rate of high adherence when compared with low HL levels (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.50–5.09; P < .001). In addition, low HL levels were associated with a significantly higher incidence of postoperative complications (32.1% vs 20.8%; P < .01), longer hospital LOS (9 [interquartile range {IQR}, 7–11] vs 7 [IQR, 6–9] d; P < .001), and higher hospital charges (10,489 [IQR, 8995–11942] vs 8466 [IQR, 7733–9384] dollar; P < .001) among propensity-matched patients. However, there were no differences in the mortality and readmission rates between the HL groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Low HL levels were associated with lower adherence to ERAS elements among propensity-matched patients undergoing colorectal surgery.
Central Venous-to-Arterial CO2 Difference–Assisted Goal-Directed Hemodynamic Management During Major Surgery—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: H N Lohith Kumar , Tripathy Swagata , Das Prasanta Kumar 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Different goals have guided goal-directed therapy (GDT). Protocols aiming for central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide gap (DCO2) <6 mm Hg have improved organ function in septic shock. Evidence for use of DCO2 in the perioperative period is scarce. We aimed to determine if a GDT protocol using central venous saturation of oxygen (SCvo
2) and DCO2 reduced organ dysfunction and intensive care unit (ICU) stay in American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I and II patients undergoing major surgeries compared to pragmatic goal-directed care.

METHODS:
One hundred patients were randomized. Arterial and venous blood-gas values were recorded every 2 hours perioperatively for all patients. Intervention group (GrI) with access to both values was managed per protocol based on DCO2 and SCvo
2. Dobutamine infusion 3 to 5 µg/kg/min started if DCO2 >6 mm Hg after correcting all macrocirculatory end points. Control group (GrC) had access only to arterial-gas values and managed per “conventional” goals without DCO2 or SCvo
2. Patients were followed for 48 hours after surgery. Organ dysfunction, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores—primary outcome, length of stay in ICU, and duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation and hospital stay were recorded. The patient, surgeons, ICU team, and analyzer were blinded to group allocation.

RESULTS:
The groups (44 each) did not significantly differ with respect to baseline characteristics. Perioperative fluids, blood products, and vasopressors used did not significantly differ. The GrI had less organ dysfunction although not significant (79% vs 66%; P = .2). Length of ICU stay in the GrI was significantly less (1.52; standard deviation [SD], 0.82 vs 2.18; SD, 1.08 days; P = .002). Mechanical ventilation duration (0.9 days in intervention versus 0.6 days in control; P = .06) and length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the groups. Perioperative DCO2 (5.8 vs 8.4 mm Hg; P < .001) and SCvo
2 (73.5 vs 68.4 mm Hg; P < .001) were significantly better in the GrI.

CONCLUSIONS:
GDT guided by DCO2 did not improve organ function in our cohort. It resulted in greater use of dobutamine, improved tissue oxygen parameters, and decreased length of ICU stay. More evidence is needed for the routine use of DCO2 in sicker patients. In the absence of cardiac output monitors, it may be a readily available, less-expensive, and underutilized parameter for major surgical procedures.
An Interview with Topher Campbell
Authors: McGrady Conor 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This Curated Spaces features an interview with Topher Campbell of rukus! archive. The rukus! archive was founded in 2005 by photographer Ajamu X and filmmaker and theatre director Topher Campbell. The archive is dedicated to collecting, preserving, and making available artistic, social, and cultural histories related to Black LGBTQ+ communities in the United Kingdom. Its intellectual origins reside in the work of Stuart Hall and British cultural studies, and the critical dialogue it establishes with both mainstream heritage practices and dominant Black and queer identity discourses.
Carol Leigh, a.k.a. Scarlot Harlot
Authors: Leigh Carol 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Carol Leigh (also known as Scarlot Harlot) is an artist, author, filmmaker, and sex workers’ rights activist. She famously coined the term sex work, a fundamental part of the lexicon regarding all workers’ rights, owed in large part to Leigh’s artistic and activist career. Working primarily through the medium of performance and video, her work attempts to educate and broaden audiences’ understanding of sex work and the fundamental rights sex workers deserve. Carol’s Curated Spaces feature takes the form of a visual essay comprising images from her archive, along with an introductory statement from Carol, giving an overview of her trajectory as an artist and activist.
Intraventricular Choroid Plexus Cavernoma Resection Using Tubular Retractor System and Exoscope Visualization: A Technical Case Report
Authors: Li Boyi , Kim Michael G. , Dominguez Jose , Feldstein Eric , Kleinman George , Hanft Simon 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Cavernous malformations (CMs) account for approximately 5% to 10% of all CNS vascular malformations, and intraventricular CMs (IVCMs) are a rare subtype, accounting for 2.5% to 10.8% of all intracranial CMs. IVCMs can expand rapidly, leading to compression of adjacent structures, intraventricular hemorrhage, and obstructive hydrocephalus. Diagnosis is challenging because it can mimic a variety of other lesions.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 71-year-old man presented after a fall because of imbalance. MRI of the head showed a homogenously enhancing 2-cm mass in the posterior aspect of the right lateral ventricle, with blood layering in the right occipital horn and adjacent parietal edema and leptomeningeal enhancement, as well as a pituitary lesion.

DISCUSSION:
The patient underwent a right parietal craniotomy for resection of the mass. The ventricle was accessed through a transsulcal approach through the intraparietal sulcus using a tubular retractor system. The mass was arising from the choroid plexus and dissected free in a piecemeal fashion. Postoperative imaging confirmed gross total resection, and the patient had an uneventful recovery.

CONCLUSION:
Here, we present the first case of a choroid plexus IVCM removed using a tubular retractor system. We demonstrate that this is a safe and effective approach for this rare lesion given the minimal traction on brain parenchyma and enhanced visualization of a deep-seated cavernoma in the lateral ventricle.
Multilevel Stabilization Screws Prevent Proximal Junctional Failure and Kyphosis in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Kaufmann Ascher , Claus Chad , Tong Doris , Hanson Connor , Carr Daniel , Houseman Clifford , Soo Teck-Mun 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF) occurred in up to 40% of patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) who underwent open thoracolumbar fusion. Proximal stabilization techniques have been investigated to prevent PJK/PJF without conclusive results.

OBJECTIVE:
To demonstrate reductions in PJK/PJF with multilevel stabilization screws (MLSSs).

METHODS:
This observational longitudinal cohort study compares MLSSs with standard instrumentation. We reviewed the charts of consecutive patients with ASD undergoing open thoracolumbar fusion (>3 levels, extending cranially above T6 and caudally below L1) from 2009 to 2017 and were followed for >2 yr postoperatively. We defined PJF using the International Spine Study Group criteria and PJK as a Cobb angle increase >10°. We defined the upper instrumented vertebra as the most cephalad vertebral body with bilateral MLSSs. Confounders, MLSS-specific complications, and radiographic outcomes were collected. We evaluated comparability between groups using univariate analyses. We adjusted for covariates by using multivariable regressions modeling PJF and PJK separately with a P-value < .00625 considered significant after the Bonferroni correction. Sensitivity analysis accounted for those lost to follow-up.

RESULTS:
Seventy-six patients (50 MLSS vs 26 controls) were included. MLSS patients were significantly older (64.5 ± 8.9 vs 54.8 ± 19.9 yr, P = .024) and had significantly lower PJF incidence (10.0% vs 30.8%, P = .023) and less kyphosis (1.3° ± 5.3° vs 5.2° ± 6.3°, P = .014). Multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant independent association between MLSSs and decreased odds of PJF (odds ratio: 0.11, 0.02–0.53, P = .006). Perioperative complications did not significantly differ between cohorts.

CONCLUSION:
MLSSs are safe and efficacious in reducing PJF/PJK in patients with ASD undergoing open thoracolumbar fusion.
Galectin-3 promotes the adipogenic differentiation of PDGFRα+ cells and ectopic fat formation in regenerating muscle
Authors: Takada Naoki , Takasugi Masaki , Nonaka Yoshiki , Kamiya Tomonori , Takemura Kazuaki , Satoh Junko , Ito Shinji , Fujimoto Kosuke , Uematsu Satoshi , Yoshida Kayo , Morita Takashi , Nakamura Hiroaki , Uezumi Akiyoshi , Ohtani Naoko 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTWorldwide prevalence of obesity is associated with the increase of lifestyle-related diseases. The accumulation of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is considered a major problem whereby obesity leads to sarcopenia and metabolic disorders and thus is a promising target for treating these pathological conditions. However, whereas obesity-associated IMAT is suggested to originate from PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitors, the processes underlying this adipogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here, we comprehensively investigated intra- and extracellular changes associated with these processes using single-cell RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry. Our single-cell RNA sequencing analysis identified a small PDGFRα+ cell population in obese mice directed strongly toward adipogenesis. Proteomic analysis showed that the appearance of this cell population is accompanied by an increase in galectin-3 in interstitial environments, which was found to activate adipogenic PPARγ signals in PDGFRα+ cells. Moreover, IMAT formation during muscle regeneration was significantly suppressed in galectin-3 knockout mice. Our findings, together with these multi-omics datasets, could unravel microenvironmental networks during muscle regeneration highlighting possible therapeutic targets against IMAT formation in obesity.
A unique miR775-GALT9 module regulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis during post-submergence recovery by modulating ethylene and the abscisic acid pathway
Authors: Mishra Vishnu , Singh Archita , Gandhi Nidhi , Sarkar Das Shabari , Yadav Sandeep , Kumar Ashutosh , Sarkar Ananda K. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The submergence-induced hypoxic condition negatively affects the plant growth and development, and causes early onset of senescence. Hypoxia alters the expression of a number of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the molecular function of submergence stress-induced miRNAs in physiological or developmental changes and recovery remains poorly understood. Here, we show that miR775 is an Arabidopsis thaliana-specific young and unique miRNA that possibly evolved non-canonically. miR775 post-transcriptionally regulates GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE 9 (GALT9) and their expression is inversely affected at 24 h of complete submergence stress. The overexpression of miR775 (miR775-Oe) confers enhanced recovery from submergence stress and reduced accumulation of RBOHD and ROS, in contrast to wild-type and MIM775 Arabidopsis shoot. A similar recovery phenotype in the galt9 mutant indicates the role of the miR775-GALT9 module in post-submergence recovery. We predicted that Golgi-localized GALT9 is potentially involved in protein glycosylation. The altered expression of senescence-associated genes (SAG12, SAG29 and ORE1), ethylene signalling (EIN2 and EIN3) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis (NCED3) pathway genes occurs in miR775-Oe, galt9 and MIM775 plants. Thus, our results indicate the role for the miR775-GALT9 module in post-submergence recovery through a crosstalk between the ethylene signalling and ABA biosynthesis pathways.