bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embracing inherent and imposed sources of heterogeneity in rangeland bird management
Authors: Duquette Cameron A. , Hovick Torre J. , Geaumont Benjamin A. , Harmon Jason P. , Limb Ryan F. , Sedivec Kevin K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRangeland simplification is a global threat to biodiversity. Historically, rangelands exhibited varied vegetation structure, which provided a diverse wildlife habitat. Vegetation heterogeneity resulted from interactions between topoedaphic (inherent heterogeneity) and disturbance factors (imposed heterogeneity). Until recently, these interactive sources of heterogeneity have been ignored in rangeland management and study. Under an emerging paradigm that embraces heterogeneity, contributions of disturbance and topoedaphic conditions to rangeland biodiversity remain largely unknown. Using the avian community, we assessed the effects of wetland area, ecological site, and topographic roughness (inherent heterogeneity) and four grazing strategies (imposed heterogeneity; patch‐burn grazing with one or two seasons of fire, season‐long grazing, and modified twice‐over rotational grazing with variably stocked paddocks) on vegetation structure, avian diversity, avian community composition, and avian densities. The interaction between inherent and imposed heterogeneity influenced avian community composition but not species‐specific densities. The effects of management on vegetation structural heterogeneity varied over years, though patch‐burn management generated heterogeneity and temporal stability in vegetation structure compared to season‐long grazing and modified twice‐over rotational grazing. Patch‐burn and season‐long grazing pastures had higher diversity than modified twice‐over rotational grazing. Community composition was sensitive to ecological site, topographic roughness, and wetland area, suggesting that both the fire‐grazing interaction and inherent heterogeneity maintain biodiversity. Out of our six grassland obligate focal bird species, two responded to inherent heterogeneity, while three were most sensitive to imposed heterogeneity. One species, western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta), did not respond to either source of heterogeneity, potentially indicating responsiveness to factors outside our study, such as annual precipitation or heterogeneity at fine scales. Our results indicate that both inherent and imposed heterogeneity are important in shaping grassland bird abundance, diversity, and community composition and that conserving rangeland biodiversity in the future will require managing for greater imposed heterogeneity while embracing existing landscape variability.
Brønsted Acid Promoted Sulfonylation of Propargylic Alcohols: Synthesis of Triaryl Allenyl Sulfones under Mild Conditions
Authors: Jiang Shimin , Du Sha , Yang Ruchun , Jin Fengyan , Zhou Zhao‐Zhao , Tian Wan‐Fa , Song Xian‐Rong , Xiao Qiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn efficient and practical approach for the synthesis of triaryl allenyl sulfones from easily accessible propargylic alcohols was developed, by using sodium sulfinates as a sulfonyl source in the presence of Brønsted acid. The reaction proceeded via allenyl carbocation as the key intermediate and was followed by a nucleophilic attack of sodium sulfinates to produce allenyl sulfones in moderate to excellent yields.
Digital twin‐enabled deep reinforcement learning for joint scheduling of ultra‐reliable low latency communication and enhanced mobile broad band: A reliability‐guaranteed approach
Authors: Zhang Yining , Zhang Hengsheng , Liu Xiaokai , Zhao Chenglin , Xu Fangmin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the coexistence of ultra‐reliable low latency communication (URLLC) and enhanced mobile broad band (eMBB) in 5G networks, the arriving URLLC traffic with strict latency requirements will be scheduled by puncturing ongoing eMBB transmissions, negatively impacting eMBB data rate. In this article, we add reliability measurement for eMBB users with high data rate requirements. The scheduling problem is formulated as an optimization problem with the goal of maximizing the data rate of eMBB users while meeting the requirements of URLLC latency and eMBB data rate. To jointly optimize resource allocation policy and puncturing policy, an algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is introduced. Considering that the utilization of DRL in the resource scheduling problem is limited due to the nonstationary communication environment, a digital twin‐enabled DRL architecture is presented to fine‐tune the DRL model according to feedback from the real‐world network. The DRL agent can explore in the digital twin model, avoiding the loss of quality of service caused by exploration in the real‐world environment. According to simulation results, the approach proposed in this article can improve the reliability of eMBB users with data rate requirements.
A novel SMARCA2‐CREM fusion expending the molecular spectrum of salivary gland hyalinazing clear cell carcinoma beyond the FET genes
Authors: Lanic Marie‐Delphine , Guérin René , Sater Vincent , Durdilly Pauline , Ruminy Philippe , Skálová Alena , Laé Marick 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare salivary gland carcinoma with a generally indolent behavior, characterized by recurrent chromosomal translocation involving EWSR1 (22q12.2) leading to two fusion genes EWSR1::ATF1 or EWSR1::CREM. We report one case of HCCC with a novel SMARCA2::CREM fusion, identified by targeted RNA next generation sequencing by LD‐RT‐PCR, which has until now never been described in salivary glands. The exon 4 of SMARCA2 is fused to exon 5 of CREM. This fusion has been described previously in only one tumor, a central nervous system tumor (intracranial mesenchymal tumor) but not in other FET::CREB fused tumors. This fusion was confirmed by CREM break‐apart FISH and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The tumor cells showed retained expression of INI1, SMARCA2, and SMARCA4 by immunohistochemistry. We compare its clinical, histopathological, immunophenotypic, genetic features with those previously described in HCCC, FET::CREB fusion‐positive. Our results added data suggesting that different histomolecular tumor subtypes seem to be included within the terminology “HCCC, FET::CREB fusion‐positive,” and that further series of cases are needed to better characterize them.
Solution, Crystal and in Silico Structures of the Organometallic Vitamin B12‐Derivative Acetylcobalamin and of its Novel Rhodium‐Analogue Acetylrhodibalamin
Authors: Wiedemair Markus , Kieninger Christoph , Wurst Klaus , Podewitz Maren , Deery Evelyne , Paxhia Michael D. , Warren Martin J. , Kräutler Bernhard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe natural vitamin B12‐derivatives are intriguing complexes of cobalt that entrap the metal within the strikingly skewed and ring‐contracted corrin ligand. Here, we describe the synthesis of the Rh(III)‐corrin acetylrhodibalamin (AcRhbl) from biotechnologically produced metal‐free hydrogenobyric acid and analyze the effect of the replacement of the cobalt‐center of the organometallic vitamin B12‐derivative acetylcobalamin (AcCbl) with its group‐IX homologue rhodium, to give AcRhbl. The structures of AcCbl and AcRhbl were thoroughly analyzed in aqueous solution, in crystals and by in silico methods, in order to gain detailed insights into the structural adaptations to the two homologous metals. Indeed, the common, nucleotide‐appended corrin‐ligand in these two metal corrins features extensive structural similarity. Thus, the rhodium‐corrin AcRhbl joins the small group of B12‐mimics classified as ‘antivitamins B12’, isostructural metal analogues of the natural cobalt‐corrins that hold significant potential in biological and biomedical applications as selective inhibitors of key cellular processes.
Use of home remedies for the treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease: An integrative review
Authors: Malapela Rakgadi Grace , Thupayagale‐Tshweneagae Gloria , Baratedi William M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsHome remedies are understood to mean medications or tonics prepared at home to treat certain ailments without any prescription or professional supervision. Reliance on home remedies increased during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The aim of this integrative review was to identify home remedies used to treat and prevent COVID‐19 and discuss implications for nursing practice and health related to the safety and efficacy of home remedies.MethodsCooper's integrative review method guided this study to identify home remedies used to prevent and treat COVID‐19. Google Scholar, BMC, EBSCOhost, Medline, Academic Search Ultimate, Web of Science Core Collections, Science Direct and Global Health were used to search for relevant information on the use of COVID‐19 home remedies from 2019 to 2022. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist was used to select studies that had to be included. The eligibility criteria included studies on home remedies, written in English from 2019 to 2022. Findings of qualitative, quantitative and mixed‐methods research were extracted, and narrative thematic data synthesis was applied.ResultsEleven articles which met the inclusion criteria were found in nine countries: Ghana (1), South Africa (1), Tanzania (1), Togo (1) and Zimbabwe (1), Bangladesh (1), Hong Kong (1), India (2), Iran (1), and Pakistan (1). Findings showed that home remedies are used for the prevention of COVID‐19 infection, treatment of COVID‐19, and boosting immunity.ConclusionsHome remedies have been found to be more pronounced across all sectors and social strata. More research is needed on the use of home remedies for life‐threatening outbreaks. Policymakers and healthcare workers are challenged to encourage the use of home remedies in the prevention of other ailments and epidemics that might occur in the future.
Pediatric anesthesia practices during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ruby Jordan M. , Illescas Alex , Zhong Haoyan , DelPizzo Kathryn R. , Poeran Jashvant , Liu Jiabin , Cozowicz Crispiana , Memtsoudis Stavros G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe onset of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic brought together the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA) and the European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy (ESRA) to release a joint statement on anesthesia use. Their statement included a recommendation to use regional anesthesia whenever possible to mitigate the risk associated with aerosolizing procedures. We sought to examine the utilization of anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing a surgical procedure for fractures or ligament repairs before and during COVID‐19.MethodsUsing the Premier Health Database, we retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients undergoing a surgical intervention for fractures or ligament repair before and during COVID‐19. We sought to determine if there were differences in anesthesia use among this cohort during the two time periods. Fracture groups included shoulder and clavicle, humerus and elbow, forearm and wrist, hand and finger, pelvis and hip, femur and knee, leg and ankles, and foot and toes. Ligament procedures included surgical intervention for the anterior cruciate ligament and ulnar collateral ligament repair.ResultsWe identified a total of 5935 patients undergoing a surgical procedure for fractures or ligament repairs before and during COVID‐19. After exclusion for unknown anesthesia use, 2,807 patients were included in our cohort with 81.5% (n = 2288) of patients undergoing a procedure under general anesthesia, 6.4% (n = 181) under regional anesthesia, and 12.0% (n = 338) under combined general‐regional anesthesia. There did not appear to be a significant difference in the type of anesthesia used before and during COVID‐19 (p = 0.052).ConclusionsOur study did not identify a difference in anesthesia use before and during COVID‐19 among pediatric patients undergoing a surgical procedure. Further studies should estimate the change in anesthesia used during the time period when elective procedures were resumed.
A numerical solution for a stochastic beam equation exhibiting purely viscous behavior
Authors: Jafari H. , Uma D. , Raja Balachandar S. , Venkatesh S. G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe deflection of Euler–Bernoulli beams under stochastic dynamic loading, exhibiting purely viscous behavior, is characterized by partial differential equations of the fourth order. This paper proposes a computational method to determine the approximate solution to such equations. The functions are approximated using two‐dimensional shifted Legendre polynomials. An operational matrix of integration and an operational matrix of stochastic integration are derived. The operational matrices assist in breaking down the problem under consideration into a set of algebraic equations that may be solved using any known numerical technique that leads to the solution of the stochastic beam equation. The well‐posedness of the problem is studied. The proposed methodology is demonstrated to be practical for addressing the novel stochastic dynamic loading problem by confirming the outcome using a few numerical examples. Thus the effectiveness and applicability of the technique are ensured. The solution quality is explored through diagrams. The accuracy of the method is substantiated by comparing it with the Runge–Kutta method of order 1.5 (R–K 1.5). The absolute error caused by the proposed technique is comparably much less than R–K 1.5. A simulation analysis is carried out with MATLAB, and an algorithm is developed.
Classifying the globally rigid edge‐transitive graphs and distance‐regular graphs in the plane
Authors: Dewar Sean 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA graph is said to be globally rigid if almost all embeddings of the graph's vertices in the Euclidean plane will define a system of edge‐length equations with a unique (up to isometry) solution. In 2007, Jackson, Servatius and Servatius characterised exactly which vertex‐transitive graphs are globally rigid solely by their degree and maximal clique number, two easily computable parameters for vertex‐transitive graphs. In this short note we will extend this characterisation to all graphs that are determined by their automorphism group. We do this by characterising exactly which edge‐transitive graphs and distance‐regular graphs are globally rigid by their minimal and maximal degrees.
Wide mismatches in the sequences of primers and probes for monkeypox virus diagnostic assays
Authors: Wu Fuqing , Oghuan Jeremiah , Gitter Anna , Mena Kristina D. , Brown Eric L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRapid and accurate diagnosis of infections is fundamental to containment of disease. Several monkeypox virus (MPV) real‐time diagnostic assays have been recommended by the CDC; however, the specificity of the primers and probes in these assays for the ongoing MPV outbreak has not been investigated. We analyzed the primer and probe sequences present in the CDC recommended MPV generic real‐time PCR assay by aligning those sequences against 1730 MPV complete genomes reported in 2022 worldwide. Sequence mismatches were found in 99.08% and 97.46% of genomes for the MPV generic forward and reverse primers, respectively. Mismatch‐corrected primers were synthetized and compared to the generic assay for MPV detection. Results showed that the two primer‐template mismatches resulted in a ~11‐fold underestimation of initial template DNA in the reaction and 4‐fold increase in the 95% LOD. We further evaluated the specificity of seven other real‐time PCR assays used for MPV and orthopoxvirus (OPV) detection and identified two assays with the highest matching score (>99.6%) to the global MPV genome database in 2022. Genetic variations in the primer‐probe regions across MPV genomes could indicate the temporal and spatial emergence pattern of monkeypox disease. Our results show that the current MPV real‐time generic assay may not be optimal to accurately detect MPV, and the mismatch‐corrected assay with full complementarity between primers and current MPV genomes could provide a more sensitive and accurate detection of MPV.
A performance comparison of two (electro) chemiluminescence immunoassays for detection and quantitation of serum anti‐spike antibodies according to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and infections status
Authors: Camacho Jorge , Albert Eliseo , Zulaica Joao , Álvarez‐Rodríguez Beatriz , Rusu Luciana , Olea Beatriz , Alcaraz María Jesús , Geller Ron , Giménez Estela , Navarro David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe information provided by SARS‐CoV‐2 spike (S)‐targeting immunoassays can be instrumental in clinical‐decision making. We compared the performance of the Elecsys® Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 S assay (Roche Diagnostics) and the LIAISON® SARS‐CoV‐2 TrimericS IgG assay (DiaSorin) using a total of 1176 sera from 797 individuals, of which 286 were from vaccinated‐SARS‐CoV‐2/experienced (Vac‐Ex), 581 from vaccinated/naïve (Vac‐N), 147 from unvaccinated/experienced (Unvac‐Ex), and 162 from unvaccinated/naïve (Unvac‐N) individuals. The Roche assay returned a higher number of positive results (907 vs. 790; p = 0.45; overall sensitivity: 89.3% vs. 77.6%). The concordance between results provided by the two immunoassays was higher for sera from Vac‐N (ϰ: 0.58; interquartile ranges [IQR]: 0.50−0.65) than for sera from Vac‐Ex (ϰ: 0.19; IQR: −0.14 to 0.52) or Unvac‐Ex (ϰ: 0.18; IQR: 0.06−0.30). Discordant results occurred more frequently among sera from Unvac‐Ex (34.7%) followed by Vac‐N (14.6%) and Vac‐Ex (2.7%). Antibody levels quantified by both immunoassays were not significantly different when <250 (p = 0.87) or <1000 BAU/ml (p = 0.13); in contrast, for sera ≥1000 BAU/ml, the Roche assay returned significantly higher values than the DiaSorin assay (p < 0.008). Neutralizing antibody titers (NtAb) were measured in 127 sera from Vac‐Ex or Vac‐N using a S‐pseudotyped virus neutralization assay of Wuhan‐Hu‐1, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. The correlation between antibody levels and NtAb titers was higher for sera from Vac‐N than those from Vac‐Ex, irrespective of the (sub)variant considered. In conclusion, neither qualitative nor quantitative results returned by both immunoassays are interchangeable. The performance of both assays was found to be greatly influenced by the vaccination and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection status of individuals.
Integrating phytoplankton pigment andDNAmeta‐barcoding observations to determine phytoplankton composition in the coastal ocean
Authors: Catlett Dylan , Siegel David A. , Matson Paul G. , Wear Emma K. , Carlson Craig A. , Lankiewicz Thomas S. , Iglesias‐Rodriguez M. Debora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantifying phytoplankton composition is critical to predicting marine ecosystem structure and function. DNA meta‐barcoding and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment analysis are two widely used methods for assessing phytoplankton composition; however, comparing their performance has been done only rarely. Here, we integrate DNA meta‐barcoding and HPLC pigment observations to determine eukaryotic phytoplankton composition in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. We find that both methods identify the same four dominant eukaryotic phytoplankton taxa (diatoms, dinoflagellates, chlorophytes, and prymnesiophytes), but inter‐ and intra‐lineage variability in biomarker pigmentation (associated with both a lack of taxonomic specificity of biomarker pigments and intrinsic differences in accessory pigmentation) drives substantial disagreement between the methods. Covariation network analysis circumvents this disagreement and reveals that diverse assemblages of phytoplankton and other protists covary with distinct suites of biomarker pigments. Our results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each method in characterizing phytoplankton composition and reveal novel insights into phytoplankton physiology that could only be gained by integrating the two methods. Finally, we suggest a path to monitor eukaryotic plankton communities on unprecedented spatiotemporal scales based on the covariation of unique phytoplankton and protistan assemblages with remotely sensible phytoplankton pigment concentrations.
SARS‐CoV‐2 modulation of RIG‐I‐MAVS signaling: Potential mechanisms of impairment on host antiviral immunity and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Wang Mingming , Zhao Yue , Liu Juan , Li Ting 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a global infectious disease aroused by RNA virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Patients may suffer from severe respiratory failure or even die, posing a huge challenge to global public health. Retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I) is one of the major pattern recognition receptors, function to recognize RNA viruses and mediate the innate immune response. RIG‐1 and melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 contain an N‐terminal caspase recruitment domain that is activated upon detection of viral RNA in the cytoplasm of virus‐infected cells. Activated RIG‐I and mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein trigger a series of corresponding immune responses such as the production of type I interferon against viral infection. In this review, we are summarizing the role of the structural, nonstructural, and accessory proteins from SARS‐CoV‐2 on the RIG‐I‐MAVS pathway, and exploring the potential mechanism how SARS‐CoV‐2 could evade the host antiviral response. We then proposed that modulation of the RIG‐I‐MAVS signaling pathway might be a novel and effective therapeutic strategy to against COVID‐19 as well as the constantly mutating coronavirus.
Etiological identification of recurrent male fatality due to a novel NSDHL gene mutation using trio whole‐exome sequencing: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Zhuang Jianlong , Luo Qi , Xie Meihua , Chen Yu’e , Jiang Yuying , Zeng Shuhong , Wang Yuanbai , Xie Yingjun , Chen Chunnuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCongenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects (CHILD) syndrome is a rare X‐linked dominant, lethal male disorder caused by mutations to the NSDHL (NAD(P)H steroid dehydrogenase‐like protein) gene. It primarily exhibits strictly unilateral congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and ipsilateral limb defects in female individuals.MethodsA Chinese couple suffering from recurrent spontaneous abortion in male fetuses was enrolled in this study. Chromosomal microarray analysis and whole‐exome sequencing were performed for genetic etiological diagnosis.ResultsA 33‐year‐old pregnant woman with recurrent spontaneous abortion was experiencing her third pregnancy with a male embryo. In this pregnancy, a miscarriage occurred at a gestational age of 10+6 weeks with no copy number variants. However, a novel mutation c.790‐6C>T in the NSDHL gene was observed in the fetus through whole‐exome sequencing (WES). Parental verification indicated that the NSDHL gene variant was inherited from the mother. Additionally, the variant in the NSDHL gene was absent in her subsequent pregnancy with a female fetus.ConclusionIn this study, we detected c.790‐6C>T, a novel variant in the NSDHL gene that results in recurrent miscarriage in males. Our study may broaden the scope of research on the NSDHL gene in CHILD syndrome and strengthens the application value of WES for the genetic etiological identification of recurrent miscarriage.