bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noise content assessment in GNSS coordinate time-series with autoregressive and heteroscedastic random errors
Authors: Wang Leyang , Wu Qiwen , Wu Fei , He Xiaoxing 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYProper representation of the stochastic process of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) coordinate time-series lays a foundation for realistic velocities estimates and their uncertainties, as well as identifications of functional effects, generally called periodic/offset signals. Various noise models (e.g. autoregressive process) have been used to describe the stochastic process of GNSS data. A realistic stochastic model prefers proper consideration of individual error characteristics of observations. The usual autoregressive (AR) noise model assumes its white-noise components sharing the same constant variances, which might degrade the modelling accuracy of stochastic process. Through using a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) process to quantify variance variation of the white-noise components, our current investigation has constituted an AR-GARCH noise model to realize the stochastic model and subsequent noise content assessment. This noise framework and its adjustment algorithm are further considered in the identifications of functional effects. For evaluating the performance of our current algorithm, 500 emulated real time-series were used, they consist of a linear trend, seasonal periodic signals, offsets, gaps (up to 10 per cent) and an AR-GARCH noise process. The algorithm's identification power for functional effects was investigated within a case study in the absence of periodic/offset signals. Furthermore, the algorithm's results were compared with the current state-of-the-art noise models (e.g. white plus flicker noise) using 15 real GNSS coordinate time-series. The results demonstrated that the presented stochastic model has been identified as a preferred noise model. Its model's algorithm can offer reliable noise content although sporadic unidentified periodic/offset signals are still masked in time-series. Moreover, the error volatility of white-noise components was identified via an autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity Lagrange multiplier (ARCH LM) test and confirmed in the time-series.
Pleiotropic roles of N-glycans for enzyme activities and stabilities of MIPC synthases, Csh1 and Sur1/Csg1, inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Uemura Satoshi , Moriguchi Takashi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMannosyl phosphorylceramide (MIPC) is a membrane lipid classified as a complex sphingolipid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MIPC is synthesized by 2 redundant enzymes, Sur1/Csg1 and Csh1, in the Golgi lumen. MIPC consists of 5 subtypes (A, B′, B, C, and D-type) according to the position and number of hydroxyl groups on the ceramide moiety. Sur1 exerts higher impact on synthesis of MIPC-B and MIPC-C than Csh1. In this study, we elucidated the roles played by N-glycans attached to Sur1 and Csh1, and dissected the mechanisms underlying substrate recognition by these 2 enzymes. Sur1 carries an N-glycan on Asn-224, whereas Csh1 has N-glycans on Asn-51 and Asn-247. Although intracellular proteins usually harbor core-type N-glycans, the N-glycan on Asn-51 of Csh1 exhibited a unique mannan-like structure containing a long backbone of mannose. Sur1 N224Q and Csh1 N51Q mutants exhibited a decrease in the activity to synthesize specific MIPC subtypes for each enzyme, suggesting that these N-glycans play a role in substrate recognition through their catalytic domains. Moreover, ectopic insertion of an N-glycosylation consensus sequence (NST) at codon 51 of Sur1 (Sur1-NST51) resulted in an artificial modification with mannan, which markedly decreased protein stability. Our results suggest that the diminished stability of the Sur1-NST51 mutant protein could be attributable to potential structural alterations by the mannan. Collectively, the present study reveals essential luminal domains of Sur1 and Csh1 that dictate substrate specificity and/or the protein stabilities via mannan modification.
What are the tools available for the job? Coordination instruments at Uganda’s national government level and their implications for multisectoral action for health
Authors: Ssennyonjo Aloysius , Criel Bart , Van Belle Sara , Ssengooba Freddie , Titeca Kristof 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Managing sectoral interdependences requires functional tools that facilitate coordinated multisectoral efforts. The pursuit of multisectoral action for health is intrinsically linked to broader efforts in many governments to achieve greater internal coordination. This research explores the nature of coordination instruments for multisectoral action at the national level in Uganda and the complexities of how these tools play out in implementation. Data was collected through 26 purposive in-depth interviews with national-level stakeholders, including government officials and non-state actors, and a review of selected government strategic documents. A typology of coordination instruments was developed and used to break them down into structural and management tools, and infer their underlying coordination mechanisms based on their design and operational features. A multitheoretical framework guided the analysis of the factors influencing the implementation dynamics and functioning of the tools. The study found that the Government of Uganda uses a range of structural and management instrument mixes mutually influencing each other and mainly based on hierarchy and network mechanisms These instruments constitute and generate the resources that structure interorganizational relationships across vertical and horizontal boundaries. The instrument mixes also create hybrid institutional configurations that generate complementary but at times conflicting influences. This study demonstrated that a contextualized examination of specific coordination tools can be enhanced by delineating the underlying institutional forms of ideal type mechanisms. Such an approach can inspire more complex analysis and comparisons of coordination instruments within and across government levels, policy domains or issues over time. Health policy and systems research needs to pay attention to the instrument mixes in government systems and their dynamic interaction across policy issues and over time.
Managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy: Health Care Professionals’ Involvement, Knowledge, and Decision Making
Authors: Liu Eleanor , Laube Robyn , Leong Rupert W , Fraser Aileen , Selinger Christian , Limdi Jimmy K 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe management of pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex. We aimed to assess health care professionals’ (HCPs) theoretical and applied knowledge of pregnancy-related IBD issues.MethodsA cross-sectional international survey was distributed to HCPs providing IBD care between October 2020 and March 2021. Knowledge was assessed using the validated Crohn’s and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge Score (CCPKnow; range, 0-17). Decision-making was assessed by free text responses to 3 clinical scenarios scored against predetermined scoring criteria (maximum score 70).ResultsAmong 81 participants, median CCPKnow score was 16 (range, 8-17), and median total scenario score was 29 (range, 9-51). Health care professionals who treat &gt;10 IBD patients per week (CCPKnow P = .03; scenarios P = .003) and are more regularly involved in pregnancy care (CCPKnow P = .005; scenarios P = .005) had significantly better scores. Although CCPKnow scoring was consistently high (median score ≥15) across all groups, consultants scored better than trainees and IBD nurses (P = .008 and P = .031). Median scenario scores were higher for consultants (32) and IBD nurses (33) compared with trainees (24; P = .018 and P = .022). There was a significant positive correlation between caring for greater numbers of pregnant IBD patients and higher CCPKnow (P = .001, r = .358) and scenario scores (P = .001, r = .377). There was a modest correlation between CCPKnow and scenario scores (r = .356; P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsDespite “good” theoretical pregnancy-related IBD knowledge as assessed by CCPKnow, applied knowledge in the scenarios was less consistent. There is need for further HCP education and clinical experience to achieve optimal standardized care for IBD in pregnancy.
Reflection on modern methods: constructing directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) with domain experts for health services research
Authors: Rodrigues Daniela , Kreif Noemi , Lawrence-Jones Anna , Barahona Mauricio , Mayer Erik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a useful tool to represent, in a graphical format, researchers’ assumptions about the causal structure among variables while providing a rationale for the choice of confounding variables to adjust for. With origins in the field of probabilistic graphical modelling, DAGs are yet to be widely adopted in applied health research, where causal assumptions are frequently made for the purpose of evaluating health services initiatives. In this context, there is still limited practical guidance on how to construct and use DAGs. Some progress has recently been made in terms of building DAGs based on studies from the literature, but an area that has received less attention is how to create DAGs from information provided by domain experts, an approach of particular importance when there is limited published information about the intervention under study. This approach offers the opportunity for findings to be more robust and relevant to patients, carers and the public, and more likely to inform policy and clinical practice. This article draws lessons from a stakeholder workshop involving patients, health care professionals, researchers, commissioners and representatives from industry, whose objective was to draw DAGs for a complex intervention—online consultation, i.e. written exchange between the patient and health care professional using an online system—in the context of the English National Health Service. We provide some initial, practical guidance to those interested in engaging with domain experts to develop DAGs.
Factors Associated With Human IgG Antibody Response to Anopheles albimanus Salivary Gland Extract, Artibonite Department, Haiti, 2017
Authors: Jaramillo-Underwood Alicia , Impoinvil Daniel , Sutcliff Alice , Hamre Karen E S , Joseph Vena , Hoogen Lotus van den , Lemoine Jean Frantz , Ashton Ruth A , Chang Michelle A , Existe Alexandre , Boncy Jacques , Drakeley Chris , Stresman Gillian , Druetz Thomas , Eisele Thomas , Rogier Eric 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Serological data can provide estimates of human exposure to both malaria vector and parasite based on antibody responses. A multiplex bead-based assay was developed to simultaneously detect IgG to Anopheles albimanus salivary gland extract (SGE) and 23 Plasmodium falciparum antigens among 4185 participants enrolled in Artibonite department, Haiti in 2017. Logistic regression adjusted for participant- and site-level covariates and found children under 5 years and 6–15 years old had 3.7- and 5.4-fold increase in odds, respectively, of high anti-SGE IgG compared to participants &gt;15 years. Seropositivity to P. falciparum CSP, Rh2_2030, and SEA-1 antigens was significantly associated with high IgG response against SGE, and participant enrolment at elevations under 200 m was associated with higher anti-SGE IgG levels. The ability to approximate population exposure to malaria vectors through SGE serology data is very dependent by age categories, and SGE antigens can be easily integrated into a multiplex serological assay.
Assessment of the Stability of Midregional Proadrenomedullin in Different Biological Matrices
Authors: Angeletti Silvia , Legramante Jacopo M , Lia Maria Stella , D’Amico Loreta , Fogolari Marta , Cella Eleonora , De Cesaris Marina , De Angelis Fabio , Pieri Massimo , Terrinoni Alessandro , Bernardini Sergio , Minieri Marilena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) has been shown to play a key role in endothelial dysfunction, with increased levels helping to prevent early stages of organ dysfunction. Recent clinical evidence has demonstrated MR-proADM to be a helpful biomarker to identify disease severity in patients with sepsis as well as pneumonia. This biomarker is helpful at triage in emergency departments to assess risk level of patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of MR-proADM in different biological matrices. The results, obtained by Bland-Altman and scatter plot analyses, demonstrate that deviation of MR-proADM concentration in serum compared to EDTA plasma unequivocally shows that serum should not be used as a sample matrix. Instead, the excellent correlation of heparin plasma vs EDTA plasma samples shows that heparin plasma can be used without reservation in clinical routine and emergency samples.
Occultation portal: A web-based platform for data collection and analysis of stellar occultations
Authors: Kilic Y , Braga-Ribas F , Kaplan M , Erece O , Souami D , Dindar M , Desmars J , Sicardy B , Morgado B E , Shameoni M N , Rommel F L , Gomes-Júnior A R 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Recording a stellar occultation is one powerful method that gives direct information about the physical properties of the occulting Solar system object. In order to obtain reliable and accurate results, simultaneous observations from different locations across-track of the projected path are of great importance. However, organizing all the observing stations, aggregating, and analysing the data is time-consuming and not that easy. We have developed a web portal named Occultation Portal (OP) to manage all those occultation observation campaigns from a central server. With this portal, the instrumental and observational information of all observers participating in a stellar occultation campaign and the concerned data are archived systematically in a standard format. The researchers can then visualize the archived data on an event basis. The investigators can also extract the light curve for each data set with the added reduction pipeline to the portal base. This paper describes in detail the portal structure and the developed features.
Evolution mapping: a new approach to describe matter clustering in the non-linear regime
Authors: Sánchez Ariel G , Ruiz Andrés N , Jara Jenny Gonzalez , Padilla Nelson D 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a new approach to describe statistics of the non-linear matter density field that exploits a degeneracy in the impact of different cosmological parameters on the linear dimensionless matter power spectrum, $\Delta ^2_{\rm L}(k)$. We classify all cosmological parameters into two groups, shape parameters, which determine the shape of $\Delta ^2_{\rm L}(k)$, and evolution parameters, which only affect its amplitude at any given redshift. With this definition, the time evolution of $\Delta ^2_{\rm L}(k)$ in models with identical shape parameters but different evolution parameters can be mapped from one to the other by relabelling the redshifts that correspond to the same clustering amplitude, which we characterize by the linear mass fluctuation in spheres of radius $12\, {\rm Mpc}$, σ12(z). We use N-body simulations to show that the same evolution-mapping relation gives a good description of the non-linear power spectrum, the halo mass function, or the full density field. The deviations from the exact degeneracy are the result of the different structure formation histories experienced by each model to reach the same clustering amplitude and can be accurately described in terms of differences in the suppression factor g(a) = D(a)/a. These relations can be used to drastically reduce the number of parameters required to describe the cosmology dependence of the power spectrum. We show how this can help to speed up the inference of parameter constraints from cosmological observations. We also present a new design of an emulator of the non-linear power spectrum whose predictions can be adapted to an arbitrary choice of evolution parameters and redshift.
A 5 per cent measurement of the Hubble–Lemaître constant from Type II supernovae
Authors: de Jaeger T , Galbany L , Riess A G , Stahl B E , Shappee B J , Filippenko A V , Zheng W 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The most stringent local measurement of the Hubble–Lemaître constant from Cepheid-calibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) differs from the value inferred via the cosmic microwave background radiation (Planck+ΛCDM) by ∼5σ. This so-called Hubble tension has been confirmed by other independent methods, and thus does not appear to be a possible consequence of systematic errors. Here, we continue upon our prior work of using Type II supernovae to provide another, largely independent method to measure the Hubble–Lemaître constant. From 13 SNe II with geometric, Cepheid, or tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) host-galaxy distance measurements, we derive H$_0= 75.4^{+3.8}_{-3.7}$ km s−1 Mpc−1 (statistical errors only), consistent with the local measurement but in disagreement by ∼2.0σ with the Planck+ΛCDM value. Using only Cepheids (N = 7), we find H$_0 = 77.6^{+5.2}_{-4.8}$ km s−1 Mpc−1, while using only TRGB (N = 5), we derive H$_0 = 73.1^{+5.7}_{-5.3}$ km s−1 Mpc−1. Via 13 variants of our data set, we derive a systematic uncertainty estimate of 1.5 km s−1 Mpc−1. The median value derived from these variants differs by just 0.3 km s−1 Mpc−1 from that produced by our fiducial model. Because we only replace SNe Ia with SNe II – and we do not find statistically significant difference between the Cepheid and TRGB H0 measurements – our work reveals no indication that SNe Ia or Cepheids could be the sources of the ‘H0 tension.’ We caution, however, that our conclusions rest upon a modest calibrator sample; as this sample grows in the future, our results should be verified.
Towards a classification scheme for the rocky planets based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations
Authors: Bertolami Orfeu , Francisco Frederico 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
A classification scheme for rocky planets is proposed, based on a description of the Earth System in terms of the Landau–Ginzburg Theory of phase transitions. Three major equilibrium states can be identified and the associated planetary states or phases are: Earth-like Holocene state; hot Venus-like state; cold Mars-like state. The scheme is based on an approach proposed to understand the Earth transition from the Holocene to the Anthropocene, driven by the impact of the human action on the Earth System. In this work, we identity the natural conditions that cause transformations on the planets forcing them into one of the states identified above. We discuss how the parameters that describe these transformations can be related with exoplanets observables. In analysing the relevant physical parameters, we were stroke by the similarities between Earth and Venus, and how likely is that the Anthropocene transition may lead to hot-house Earth scenario.
Multiple giant eruptions and X-ray emission in the recoiling AGN/LBV candidate SDSS1133
Authors: Kokubo Mitsuru 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a comprehensive analysis of 20 yr worth of multicolour photometric light curves, multiepoch optical spectra, and X-ray data of an off-nuclear variable object SDSS1133 in Mrk 177 at z = 0.0079. The UV-optical light curves reveal that SDSS1133 experienced four outbursts in 2001, 2014, 2019, and 2021. The persistent UV-optical luminosity in the non-outbursting state is ∼1041 erg s−1 with small-scale flux variations, and peak luminosities during the outbursts reach ∼1042 erg s−1. The optical spectra exhibit enduring broad hydrogen Balmer P-Cygni profiles with the absorption minimum at ∼−2000 km s−1, indicating the presence of fast-moving ejecta. Chandra detected weak X-ray emission at a 0.3−10-keV luminosity of LX = 4 × 1038 erg s−1 after the 2019 outburst. These lines of evidence suggests that SDSS1133 is an extreme luminous blue variable (LBV) star experiencing multiple giant eruptions with interactions of the ejected shell with different shells and/or circumstellar medium (CSM), and disfavours the recoiling active galactic nuclei scenario suggested in the literature. We suggest that pulsational pair-instability may provide a viable explanation for the multiple energetic eruptions in SDSS1133. If the current activity of SDSS1133 is a precursor of a supernova explosion, we may be able to observe a few additional giant eruptions and then the terminal supernova explosion or collapse to a massive black hole in future observations.
Functional Divergence of thebag-of-marblesGene in theDrosophila melanogasterSpecies Group
Authors: Bubnell Jaclyn E , Ulbing Cynthia K S , Fernandez Begne Paula , Aquadro Charles F 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn Drosophila melanogaster, a key germline stem cell (GSC) differentiation factor, bag of marbles (bam) shows rapid bursts of amino acid fixations between sibling species D. melanogaster and Drosophila simulans, but not in the outgroup species Drosophila ananassae. Here, we test the null hypothesis that bam’s differentiation function is conserved between D. melanogaster and four additional Drosophila species in the melanogaster species group spanning approximately 30 million years of divergence. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that bam is not necessary for oogenesis or spermatogenesis in Drosophila teissieri nor is bam necessary for spermatogenesis in D. ananassae. Remarkably bam function may change on a relatively short time scale. We further report tests of neutral sequence evolution at bam in additional species of Drosophila and find a positive, but not perfect, correlation between evidence for positive selection at bam and its essential role in GSC regulation and fertility for both males and females. Further characterization of bam function in more divergent lineages will be necessary to distinguish between bam’s critical gametogenesis role being newly derived in D. melanogaster, D. simulans, Drosophila yakuba, and D. ananassae females or it being basal to the genus and subsequently lost in numerous lineages.