bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lightweight design of an AlSi10Mg aviation control stick additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Wang Di , Wei Xiongmian , Liu Jian , Xiao Yunmian , Yang Yongqiang , Liu Linqing , Tan Chaolin , Yang Xusheng , Han Changjun 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to explore a structural optimization method to achieve the lightweight design of an aviation control stick part manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM). The utilization of LPBF for the fabrication of the part provides great freedom to its structure optimization, further reduces its weight and improves its portability.

Design/methodology/approach
The stress distribution of the model was analyzed by finite element analysis. The material distribution path of the model was optimized through topology optimization. The structure and size of the parts were designed by applying honeycomb structures for weight reduction. The lightweight designed control stick part model was printed by LPBF using AlSi10Mg.

Findings
The weight of the control stick model was reduced by 32.64% through the optimization method using honeycomb structures with various geometries. The similar stress concentrations of the control stick model indicate that weight reduction has negligible effect on its mechanical strength. The maximum stress of the lightweight designed model under loading is 230.85 MPa, which is 61.81% larger than that of the original model. The lightweight control stick part manufactured by LPBF has good printability and service performance.

Originality/value
A structural optimization method integrating topology, shape and size optimization was proposed for a lightweight AlSi10Mg control stick printed by LPBF. The effectiveness of the optimization method, the printability of the lightweight model and the service performance of LPBF-printed AlSi10Mg control stick was verified, which provided practical references for the lightweight design of AM.
Carvedilol ameliorates persistent erythema of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea by regulating the status of anxiety/depression
Authors: Li Jian , Tang Jin‐Yi , Fu Jian , Zhang Ming‐Wang , Wan Mei , Chen De‐Wei , Chen Qi‐Quan , Li Xue , Song Guo‐Jing , Ni Rong‐Rong , Song Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe treatment of persistent erythema and rosacea flushing is extremely challenging, especially for patients with anxiety. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of carvedilol in rosacea patients with persistent erythema and flushing. A total of 156 patients were randomized to use oral carvedilol 5 mg bid (twice per day) (n = 105) or topical brimonidine (n = 51) for a 10‐week period with 6 weeks of follow‐up. Both the efficacy of carvedilol and the status of anxiety/depression were analyzed by patient self‐assessment (PSA), clinician erythema assessment (CEA), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD‐7), and patient health questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9). Our study found that carvedilol exerted a dramatic reduction in CEA/PSA scores and sting/burning sensation scores in comparison to topical brimonidine. Additionally, carvedilol treatment dramatically improved telangiectasia, erythema, and pigmentation with no obvious side effects. Patients with carvedilol treatment showed an improvement of depression/anxiety, as reflected by lower GAD‐7 and PHQ‐9 scores than patients with topical brimonidine. Notably, we found carvedilol treatment had better outcomes among patients under 30 years of age with rosacea younger than 30 years old. Conclusively, our findings reveal that carvedilol could quickly and effectively improve facial erythema, which might stem from the improved the status of anxiety/depression.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is a potential prognostic biomarker for extramammary Paget disease: A retrospective study
Authors: Maeda Takuya , Uehara Jiro , Toyoshima Rino , Nakagawa Tomoe , Yoshino Koji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful prognostic biomarker for many cancer types. However, the prognostic value of NLR in patients with extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether NLR is associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with EMPD. In this single‐center retrospective case series, we analyzed data of 109 patients with previously untreated EMPD who presented to our hospital. Data on age, sex, primary tumor site, invasion level, presence of lymph node and distant metastases, baseline NLR, and OS were analyzed. The enrolled patients were classified into the metastatic or non‐metastatic EMPD groups. The metastatic EMPD group had higher invasion level and NLR value (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively) compared with the non‐metastatic EMPD group. Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed invasion level (p = 0.0093) and NLR value (p = 0.019) to be independent prognostic factors for OS. Notably, multivariate analysis revealed that invasion level (p = 0.045) and NLR value (p = 0.036) were independent prognostic factors for OS in the metastatic EMPD group. The limitations of this study include the small number of participants and its retrospective nature. In conclusion, since NLR can be routinely assessed with high feasibility, it might be a useful biomarker for predicting prognosis in patients with EMPD.
The potential of pumpkin seed oil as a functional food—A comprehensive review of chemical composition, health benefits, and safety
Authors: Šamec Dunja , Loizzo Monica Rosa , Gortzi Olga , Çankaya İrem Tatlı , Tundis Rosa , Suntar İpek , Shirooie Samira , Zengin Gokhan , Devkota Hari Prasad , Reboredo‐Rodríguez Patricia , Hassan Sherif T.S. , Manayi Azadeh , Kashani Hamid Reza Khayat , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe growing interest in foods that can be beneficial to human health is bringing into focus some products that have been used locally for centuries but have recently gained worldwide attention. One of these foods is pumpkin seed oil, which has been used in culinary and traditional medicine, but recent data also show its use in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In addition, some sources refer to it as a potential functional food, mainly because it is obtained from pumpkin seeds, which contain many functional components. However, the production process of the oil may affect the content of these components and consequently the biological activity of the oil. In this review, we have focused on summarizing scientific data that explore the potential of pumpkin seed oil as a functional food ingredient. We provide a comprehensive overview of pumpkin seed oil chemical composition, phytochemical content, biological activity, and safety, as well as the overview of production processes and contemporary use. The main phytochemicals in pumpkin seed oil with health‐related properties are polyphenols, phytoestrogens, and fatty acids, but carotenoids, squalene, tocopherols, and minerals may also contribute to health benefits. Most studies have been conducted in vitro and support the claim that pumpkin seed oil has antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Clinical studies have shown that pumpkin seed oil may be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular problems of menopausal women and ailments associated with imbalance of sex hormones.
Single‐chain fragment variable produced by phage display technology: Construction, selection, mutation, expression, and recent applications in food safety
Authors: Li Long , Wu Shuangmin , si Yu , Li Huaming , Yin Xiaoyang , Peng Dapeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmunoassays are reliable, efficient, and accurate methods for the analysis of small‐molecule harmful substances (such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, and biological toxins) that may be present in food. However, traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are limited by animal hosts and hinder further development of immunoassays. With the gradual application of phage display technology as an efficient in vitro selection technology, the single‐chain fragment variable (scFv) now provides an exciting alternative to traditional antibodies. Efficiently constructed scFv source libraries and specifically designed biopanning schemes can now yield scFvs possessing specific recognition capabilities. A rational mutation strategy further enhances the affinity of scFv, and allows it to reach a level that cannot be achieved by immunization. Finally, appropriate prokaryotic expression measures ensure stable and efficient production of scFv. Therefore, when developing excellent scFvs, it is necessary to focus on three key aspects of this process that include screening, mutation, and expression. In this review, we analyze in detail the preparation and affinity improvement process for scFv and provide insights into the research progress and development trend of scFv‐based immunoassay methods for monitoring small‐molecule harmful substances.
Growth performance and meat quality traits of Pekin ducks fed with different amounts of pelleted Ptecticus tenebrifer
Authors: Jeong Yeon Woo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo determine the effects of pelleted feed forms of Ptecticus tenebrifer (PT) on the growth performance and meat quality traits of Pekin ducks, a total of 225 1‐d‐old Pekin ducks were randomly allocated into three treatment groups, each consisting of three replicates with 25 ducks. The three treatment groups were a control with basal diet; T1 with basal diet + 1.5% pelleted PT; and T2 with basal diet + 3% pelleted PT. An increase in weight gain and a decrease in mortality were observed in ducks fed either 1.5% or 3% pelleted PT compared with the control (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in initial and final body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratios among the three treatment groups (p > 0.05). Remarkable differences were observed in the meat quality traits of pH on day 7, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) on day 0, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging values on days 3 and 7 (p < 0.05). Treatment groups of T1 and T2 presented reduced TBARS values and increased DPPH radical scavenging values compared with the control group. Although the breast meat red color did not show a significant difference among the three groups (p > 0.05), the lightness and yellowness of the meat were affected in groups fed pelleted PT on days 7 and 3, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusively, dietary supplementation with 1.5% and 3% pelleted PT could enhance weight gain, reduce mortality, and improve the antioxidant effect of duck breast meat.
Successful restart of chemotherapy in a patient with primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor after COVID‐19 infection
Authors: Tanabe Yuki , Shukuya Takehito , Nagata Yuichi , Watanabe Takayasu , Seto Koichi , Takahashi Rina , Masuda Koichi , Miura Keita , Tajima Ken , Hiki Makoto , Hayashi Takuo , Suzuki Kenji , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCancer patients are considered highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. However, it is not well known when chemotherapy can be safely restarted in cancer patients after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Here, we describe the case of an 18‐year‐old man diagnosed with primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (PMNSGCT) in which chemotherapy could be safely restarted after COVID‐19. On day 11 of the third cycle of bleomycin, etoposide, plus cisplatin (BEP), he was diagnosed with mild COVID‐19. On day 16 after the onset of COVID‐19 (day 26 of third cycle of BEP), chemotherapy for his PMNSGCT was restarted. He received surgery after the fourth cycle of BEP without recurrence of COVID‐19. Chemotherapy could be restarted and followed by surgery in this post‐COVID‐19 patient who had experienced mild illness after the discharge criteria were met and all symptoms had disappeared. We report this case with a review of the literature on restarting chemotherapy after SARS‐CoV2 infection.
Calonectria leaf blight of Eucalyptus: A global review
Authors: Bose Ratnaboli , Banerjee Sabyasachi , Pandey Amit , Bhandari Maneesh S. , Barthwal Santan , Pandey Shailesh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCalonectria (= Cylindrocladium), an internationally recognised fungal ascomycete genus, causes significant diseases on numerous crops of forestry, horticultural and agricultural interest. Eucalyptus, an economically important multipurpose plantation forestry species, is severely threatened by Calonectria leaf blight (CLB) disease in Brazil, Australia, China, Indonesia, Vietnam and India. The disease causes serious mortality in the nurseries/plantations and yield losses due to defoliation. Since the first report of Calonectria in 1867, efforts have been made for the identification and characterisation of this vastly diverse hypocrealean genus. Currently, the genus Calonectria harbours 131 species grouped within 11 species complexes, and broadly categorised into the Prolate and Sphaero‐Naviculate groups. Globally, 35 Calonectria species distributed in seven species complexes cause CLB of Eucalyptus, out of which 29 belong to the Prolate group and five to the Sphaero‐Naviculate group. Likewise, 28 Calonectria species distributed in eight species complexes have been reported in association with infected Eucalyptus tissues and plantation soil, however, their pathogenicity remains to be determined. Given the importance of CLB of Eucalyptus, this review compiles its global impact, shifts in taxonomy and nomenclature of Calonectria, pathogenesis mechanism, defence response of Eucalyptus upon infection and disease management. This study identifies and provides direction to crucial areas of future research on CLB which is severely impacting Eucalyptus plantations globally.
Inclusion and reporting of sex, gender, and race/ethnicity in randomized controlled trials of nonpharmacological treatments for alcohol use disorder: A meta‐epidemiologic review
Authors: Schick Melissa R. , Nalven Tessa , Lynch‐Gadaleta Blaine , Hostetler Katherine L. , Crawford Michael C. , Spillane Nichea S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlcohol use disorders (AUDs) are among the most prevalent behavioral and mental health diagnoses. Individuals with an AUD are at increased risk for numerous consequences across their social, health, and psychological functioning. Research suggests that differences may exist in the prevalence and consequences of AUD and in the efficacy of AUD treatment across demographic characteristics (i.e., sex/gender and race/ethnicity). This meta‐epidemiologic review examined the inclusion of diverse groups (sex/gender and race/ethnicity) in published randomized controlled trials of nonpharmacological treatments for AUD since 1994, following passage of the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993. We systematically searched databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement criteria. The initial search strategy yielded 7931 articles. After excluding ineligible articles, 155 were included in the present review for synthesis. Of the articles included in this review, only 57 (36.8%) fully reported on both their sample's sex/gender and racial/ethnic breakdown. Of the total sample, seven articles specifically examined one racial/ethnic group and 32 specifically examined one sex/gender group. Six articles (3.9%) reported no information regarding the racial/ethnic breakdown of their sample and five articles (3.2%) reported no information regarding the sex/gender breakdown of their participants. Only two articles (1.3%) reported on subgroup analyses that examined differences in treatment outcomes by both sex/gender and race/ethnicity, despite guidelines set forth by NIH. Only 46 articles (29.7%) described the failure to include diverse sex/gender or racial/ethnic groups or concerns about the generalizability of study findings given their sample's sex/gender or racial/ethnic composition as methodological limitations. These results indicate that substantial efforts must be put forth by the scientific community to ensure the inclusion, analysis, and reporting of data focused on women/females and members of minoritized racial/ethnic groups.
Combined effects of quetiapine and opioids: A study of autopsy cases, drug users and sedation in rats
Authors: Andersen Freja Drost , Joca Sâmia , Hvingelby Victor , Arjmand Shokouh , Pinilla Estefano , Steffensen Simon Comerma , Simonsen Ulf , Andersen Charlotte Uggerhøj 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFatal opioid poisonings often involve methadone or morphine. This study aimed to elucidate if quetiapine, a widely used sedative antipsychotic medication, may increase the risk of fatal opioid poisoning by additive inhibitory effects on the central nervous system. We used data from 323 cases of fatal methadone or/and morphine poisonings autopsied from 2013 to 2020, a survey of 34 drug users, and performed blinded placebo‐controlled studies in 75 Flinders Resistant Line rats receiving three cumulative intraperitoneal doses of vehicle, methadone (2.5, 10 and 15 mg/kg), morphine (3.75, 15 and 22.5 mg/kg), quetiapine (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) or quetiapine combined with methadone or morphine. Quetiapine was detected in 20.4% of fatal opioid poisonings with a significantly increased frequency over time, primarily in low or therapeutic concentrations, and was not associated with methadone or morphine concentrations. Use of quetiapine, most commonly in low‐to‐moderate doses to obtain a sleep‐inducing or tranquillizing effect, was reported by 67.6% of survey respondents. In the animal studies, a significant impairment of sedation score, performance on the rotarod and open field mobility was observed in all treatment groups compared with vehicle. However, the effect of quetiapine plus the opioid was not significantly different from that of the opioid alone. Thus, no additive sedative effects were observed in rats. Our results suggest that quetiapine is more often an innocent bystander than a contributor to fatal opioid poisoning. However, the combined effects on other parameters, including blood pressure, cardiac rhythm and respiratory rate, need investigation.
A universal, high‐performance ECG signal processing engine to reduce clinical burden
Authors: Gibbs Austin , Fitzpatrick Matthew , Lilburn Mark , Easlea Holly , Francey Jonathan , Funston Rebecca , Diven Jordan , Murray Stacey , Mitchell Oliver G. J. , Condon Adrian , Mitchell Andrew R. J. , Sanchez Benjamin , Steinhaus David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundElectrocardiogram (ECG) signal conditioning is a vital step in the ECG signal processing chain that ensures effective noise removal and accurate feature extraction.ObjectiveThis study evaluates the performance of the FDA 510 (k) cleared HeartKey Signal Conditioning and QRS peak detection algorithms on a range of annotated public and proprietary ECG databases (HeartKey is a UK Registered Trademark of B‐Secur Ltd).MethodsSeven hundred fifty‐one raw ECG files from a broad range of use cases were individually passed through the HeartKey signal processing engine. The algorithms include several advanced filtering steps to enable significant noise removal and accurate identification of the QRS complex. QRS detection statistics were generated against the annotated ECG files.ResultsHeartKey displayed robust performance across 14 ECG databases (seven public, seven proprietary), covering a range of healthy and unhealthy patient data, wet and dry electrode types, various lead configurations, hardware sources, and stationary/ambulatory recordings from clinical and non‐clinical settings. Over the NSR, MIT‐BIH, AHA, and MIT‐AF public databases, average QRS Se and PPV values of 98.90% and 99.08% were achieved. Adaptable performance (Se 93.26%, PPV 90.53%) was similarly observed on the challenging NST database. Crucially, HeartKey's performance effectively translated to the dry electrode space, with an average QRS Se of 99.22% and PPV of 99.00% observed over eight dry electrode databases representing various use cases, including two challenging motion‐based collection protocols.ConclusionHeartKey demonstrated robust signal conditioning and QRS detection performance across the broad range of tested ECG signals. It should be emphasized that in no way have the algorithms been altered or trained to optimize performance on a given database, meaning that HeartKey is potentially a universal solution capable of maintaining a high level of performance across a broad range of clinical and everyday use cases.
Subtle QRS changes are associated with reduced ejection fraction, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure development and therapy responsiveness: Applications for artificial intelligence to ECG
Authors: García‐Escobar Artemio , Vera‐Vera Silvio , Jurado‐Román Alfonso , Jiménez‐Valero Santiago , Galeote Guillermo , Moreno Raúl 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince the last century, the electrocardiogram (ECG) remains the non‐invasive test, that is, most easily accessible, feasible, and inexpensive for cardiology assessment. In past years, many novel ECG indexes and patterns have been published that allow for a more advanced evaluation of what is currently being done, especially based on subtle QRS changes and patterns.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to provide an update on the evidence and clinical applications of these ECG subtle QRS changes and patterns associated with heart disease.MethodsThrough the literature review, we will highlight the subtle QRS changes and patterns associated with heart disease, mainly focusing on QRS duration, voltage, morphology, axis, and QT interval.ResultsSmall increases in QRS duration are associated with a reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), increased cardiac chamber dimensions, and risk for incident heart failure (HF). Moreover, fragmentation of the QRS complex is associated with myocardial fibrosis and is a substrate for developing arrhythmic events. Besides, low amplitude QRS voltage is associated with congestive HF, and an increase in the voltage of the QRS complexes is associated with the effectiveness of diuresis treatment. Furthermore, small increases in QT interval are associated with diastolic dysfunction due to impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium handling as occurs in myocardial ischemia, hypertension, or diabetes. On the other hand, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, the QRS area is associated with clinical and echocardiographic response to cardiac resynchronization therapy regardless of the type of bundle branch block. In addition, subtle ECG changes and patterns in the left bundle branch block are associated with concomitant right ventricular dilation, mostly based on the QRS axis and voltage. Notwithstanding, to identify these subtle changes in QRS require exact manual measurements that can take time. In this regard, applying artificial intelligence (AI) to the ECG can make a quicker and more complete assessment, as well as provide a low cost when applied to large populations.ConclusionWe provided an update on the evidence and clinical applications of these subtle QRS changes and patterns associated with diastolic dysfunction, reduced EF, and HF development and therapy responsiveness, as well as their applications for AI to ECG.
Messaging about descriptive and injunctive norms can promote honesty in young children
Authors: Liu Xingchen , Zhao Changzhi , Zhang Xiaoyan , Compton Brian J. , Sai Liyang , Heyman Gail D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research examined the effectiveness of using norms to promote honesty. Participants were Han Chinese children (N = 568, 50.4% male, 3.24 to 6.00 years, collected 2020–2022). Relative to children in a control condition, children in Study 1 were more likely to confess to having cheated in a game after being presented with a descriptive norm indicating that confessions are typical, or an injunctive norm indicating that most other children approve of confessing. Study 2 showed that this finding was not due to a methodological artifact, and Study 3 replicated the effect in a context in which the norm information was conveyed by someone other than the experimenter. The findings suggest that messages about social norms can influence children's honesty.