bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality hypnosis in the management of pain: Self‐reported and neurophysiological measures in healthy subjects
Authors: Rousseaux Floriane , Panda Rajanikant , Toussaint Clémence , Bicego Aminata , Niimi Masachika , Faymonville Marie‐Elisabeth , Nyssen Anne‐Sophie , Laureys Steven , Gosseries Olivia , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundVirtual reality hypnosis (VRH) has emerged as a new and promising option for pain management. Nonetheless, neural dynamics of pain modulation during VRH have not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of VRH on pain, combining neurophysiological and self‐reported measurements.MethodsEighteen healthy subjects underwent noxious electrical stimulations in both normal wakefulness and VRH conditions. Dissociation, absorption, time perception, anxiety, pain intensity and unpleasantness, heart rate variability and breathing were reported for each condition. EEG signals were analysed using event‐related potentials (ERP) and time–frequency response (TFR) time‐locked to stimuli. Neurophysiological features were correlated with self‐reported data.ResultsVRH condition was associated with lower pain and higher dissociation. VRH significantly decreased amplitudes of N100 and P200 ERP components, reduced EEG power between 1 and 5 Hz from 100 to 560 ms, and increased EEG power from 5 to 11 Hz from 340 to 800 ms. These findings were observed at frontal, central and posterior electrodes. Heart rate variability was significantly higher and breathing frequency reduced with VRH. Correlations were found between the self‐reported level of pain and ERP components.ConclusionVRH modulates cerebral pain processes and body physiology, leading to reduced pain levels. These findings offer a first insight on the analgesic mechanisms of VRH and suggest that VRH is an effective approach to reduce experimental pain.SignificanceVRH decreases experimental pain perception, increases subject level of dissociation and modulates cerebral pain processing mechanisms. Pain can be managed with analgesic medication but also through complementary interventions. Among these, hypnosis and virtual reality (VR) are known to reduce pain for patients and healthy individuals. In recent years, an innovative technique combining hypnosis and VR has been proposed to help patients in managing pain. However, to our knowledge, no study has focused on the underlying mechanisms of this VR/hypnosis combination. We showed that VR combined with hypnosis decreases experimental pain, increases dissociation and influences EEG modulation.
Selection of representative natural hazard scenarios for engineering systems
Authors: Rosero‐Velásquez Hugo , Straub Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRepresentative hazard scenarios are essential for many tasks in risk management, such as preparedness and emergency response planning. However, criteria and methods for systematically selecting such scenarios for natural hazards are lacking. From a risk perspective, such scenarios should be selected considering the losses they incur. Hence, we propose to define a scenario that is representative for a certain degree of loss, for example, the 100‐year loss, as the most likely one among all possible scenarios leading to this loss. Taking basis in a generic model of natural hazards and their impact on engineering systems, we formally introduce the representative scenarios. We then develop algorithms that enable an efficient evaluation of these scenarios. The method and algorithms are demonstrated on a hypothetical example considering a spatially distributed infrastructure system subjected to earthquakes.
One year of spectroscopic high‐frequency measurements of atmospheric CO2, CH4, H2O and δ13C‐CO2 at an Australian Savanna site
Authors: Munksgaard Niels C. , Lee Ickjai , Napier Thomas , Zwart Costijn , Cernusak Lucas A. , Bird Michael I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe provide a 1‐year dataset of atmospheric surface CO2, CH4 and H2O concentrations and δ13C‐CO2 values from an Australian savanna site. These semi‐arid ecosystems act as carbon sinks in wet years but the persistence of the sink in dry years is uncertain. The dataset can be used to constrain uncertainties in modelling of greenhouse gas budgets, improve algorithms for satellite measurements and characterize the role of vegetation and soil in modulating atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We found pronounced seasonal variations in daily mean CO2 concentrations with an increase (by 5–7 ppmv) after the first rainfall of the wet season in early December with peak concentrations maintained until late January. The CO2 increase reflected the initiation of rapid microbial respiration from soil and vegetation sources upon initial wetting. As the wet season progressed, daily CO2 concentrations were variable, but generally decreased back to dry season levels as CO2 assimilation by photosynthesis increased. Mean daily concentrations of CH4 increased in the wet season by up to 0.2 ppmv relative to dry season levels as the soil profile became waterlogged after heavy rainfall events. During the dry season there was regular cycling between maximum CO2/minimum δ13C‐CO2 at night and minimum CO2/maximum δ13C‐CO2 during the day. In the wet season diel patterns were less regular in response to variable cloud cover and rainfall. CO2 isotope data showed that in the wet season, surface CO2 was predominantly a two‐component mixture influenced by C3 plant assimilation (day) and soil/plant respiration (night), while regional background air from higher altitudes represented an additional CO2 source in the dry season. Higher wind speeds during the dry season increased vertical mixing compared to the wet season. In addition, night‐time advection of high‐altitude air during low temperature conditions also promoted mixing in the dry season.
Medical conditions and depressive symptoms: A study of kinship profiles in dementia caregivers
Authors: Martín‐María Natalia , Vara‐García Carlos , Romero‐Moreno Rosa , Jiménez‐Gonzalo Lucía , Barrera‐Caballero Samara , Fernandes‐Pires Jose , Olazarán Javier , Losada‐Baltar Andrés 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the association between diverse medical conditions and depressive symptoms in different profiles of dementia caregivers based on sex and kinship (wives, husbands, daughters, and sons).MethodsIndividual interviews were conducted with 338 dementia family caregivers. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Spanish version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression Scale. Medical conditions encompassed the following physical diseases: high cholesterol, osteoarthritis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular, brain, kidney, liver, and stomach diseases.Logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify determinants associated to thepresenceof depressive symptoms.ResultsHigh cholesterol was the most frequent disease among caregivers.Significant differences among groups were found in depressive symptoms: between wives (50.60%) and husbands (28.40%),(p = 0.033), and between daughters (57.00%) and husbands (p = 0.001). Half of the sonsreported thepresenceof depressive symptoms. In daughters, depressive symptomatology was significantly more likely whether they presented a worse reaction to disruptive behaviors, a poor assessment of global deterioration of care recipient, and less perceived health status. Furthermore, daughters were 1.94 times more likely to experience depressive symptoms if they presented medical conditions (p = 0.017).ConclusionsDaughter caregivers that have depressive and physical diseases may be an especially vulnerable subgroup of caregivers that may not be the ideal population to provide care. Access to high‐quality, evidence‐based therapies focused on improving caregivers' physical health could have a positiveeffecton thepresenceof depressive symptoms, particularly in the case of daughter caregivers.
Incidence of cancer among Nordic police officers
Authors: Heikkinen Sanna , Demers Paul A. , Hansen Johnni , Jakobsen Jarle , Kjaerheim Kristina , Lynge Elsebeth , Martinsen Jan Ivar , Mehlum Ingrid Sivesind , Pitkäniemi Janne , Selander Jenny , Torfadóttir Jóhanna , Weiderpass Elisabete , Pukkala Eero 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolice work may expose officers to various circumstances that have potential for increasing their risk of cancer, including traffic‐related air pollution, night shift work and radiation from radars. In this study, we examined the incidence of cancer among Nordic male and female police officers. We utilize data from the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) project, which linked census data on occupations from Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden to national cancer registries for the period 1961 to 2005. We report standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of selected cancers for each country by sex, age and calendar period. The cohort included 38 523 male and 1998 female police officers. As compared with the general population, male police officers had a 7% (95% CI: 4‐9%) excess cancer risk, with elevated SIRs for various cancer sites, including prostate (SIR 1.19, 1.14‐1.25), breast (SIR 1.77, 1.05‐2.80), colon (SIR 1.22, 1.12‐1.32) and skin melanoma (SIR 1.44, 1.28‐1.60). Conversely, male police officers had a lower risk of lung cancer than the general population (SIR 0.72, 0.66‐0.77). In female police officers, the SIR for cancer overall was 1.15 (0.98‐1.34), and there was a slight excess of cancers of the breast (SIR 1.25, 0.97‐1.59) and colon (SIR 1.21, 0.55‐2.30). In conclusion, cancer incidence among the police officers was slightly higher than in the general population. Notably, SIRs were elevated for cancer sites potentially related to night shift work, namely colon, breast and prostate cancer.
Leverage, investment and institutional environments: Evidence from emerging markets
Authors: Loncan Tiago , Panetsidou Styliani , Synapis Angelos 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the link between investment and leverage internationally, bringing evidence from 22 emerging economies. We show a negative effect of leverage on investment that becomes stronger for low growth firms, in line with the overinvestment hypothesis. We further find that the monitoring effect of leverage on investment is stronger on firms operating in low regulatory quality and corrupt environments. Finally, we show that the monitoring effect induced by ownership concentration complements the monitoring effect of leverage on investment. Overall, our results suggest that the increased debt levels reported in emerging markets in recent years, act as a disciplinary tool against overinvestment, especially in countries with weak institutional environments.
A case of sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy successfully treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Sato Keigo , Naito Akihiro , Shiratori Taichi , Yamamoto Masahiro , Shimane Kenichi , Mikami Manabu , Senda Mariko , Kume Haruki , Suzuki Motofumi 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionSepsis with concomitant acute pyelonephritis, secondary to urolithiasis, is common. We report a case of sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy with acute pyelonephritis, successfully managed with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Case presentationA 64‐year‐old woman presented with fever and disturbed consciousness. Abdominal computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis with ipsilateral ureteral stone. Despite ureteral stent placement and antibiotic treatment, her hemodynamics worsened. She was diagnosed with sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy and underwent venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Her hemodynamics improved rapidly; venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was withdrawn on postoperative day‐3. She was discharged from our hospital after sufficient antibiotic treatment.ConclusionVenoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be initiated in patients with sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy. Evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction via echocardiography is important to determine the indication for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Performance comparison of two nucleic acid amplification systems for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection: A multi‐center study
Authors: Mo Chan , Lo Kamfai , He Ying , Peng Bo , Guo Feifan , Zheng Zhou , Jiang Ruiwei , Cai Yihua , Li Yumin , Guo Dongyue , Zhang Bing , Ou Tong , Xiong Dan , Zhang Xiuming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany rapid nucleic acid testing systems have emerged to halt the development and spread of COVID‐19. However, so far relatively few studies have compared the diagnostic performance between these testing systems and conventional detection systems. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the clinical detection performance between SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid and conventional nucleic acid detection system.MethodsClinical detection results of 63,352 oropharyngeal swabs by both systems were finally enrolled in this analysis. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of both systems were calculated to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. Concordance between these two systems were assessed by overall, positive, negative percent agreement (OPA, PPA, NPA) and κ value. Sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid nucleic acid detection system (Daan Gene) was further analyzed with respect to the viral load of clinical specimens.ResultsSensitivity of Daan Gene was slightly lower than that of conventional detection system (0.86 vs. 0.979), but their specificity was equivalent. Daan Gene had ≥98.0% PPV and NPV for SARS‐CoV‐2. Moreover, Daan Gene demonstrated an excellent test agreement with conventional detection system (κ = 0.893, p = 0.000). Daan Gene was 99.31% sensitivity for specimens with high viral load (Ct < 35) and 50% for low viral load (Ct ≥ 35).ConclusionsWhile showing an analytical sensitivity slightly below than that of conventional detection system, rapid nucleic acid detection system may be a diagnostic alternative to rapidly identify SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected individuals with high viral loads and a powerful complement to current detection methods.
Impact of Self Help Group membership on the adoption of child nutritional practices: Evidence from JEEViKA's health and nutrition strategy programme in Bihar, India
Authors: Husain Zakir , Dutta Mousumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSelf‐help groups (SHGs) are used as instruments for changes in health‐related behaviour. We evaluated the impact of the Health and Nutrition Strategy of JEEViKA on the dietary practices of infants in rural areas of Bihar. Propensity score matching revealed that the probability of exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months and starting complementary feeding after 6 months was higher by 5% and 3%, respectively, if the respondent was an SHG member. The average treatment effects on treated using attendance in meetings as the treatment variable found that the programme had increased breastfeeding only, with there being peer effects also. The study recommends encouraging attendance in SHG meetings.
Quercetin inhibits testicular toxicity induced by the mixture of three commonly used phthalates in rats
Authors: Xia Ling‐Zi , Jiang Ming‐Zhe , Liu Li‐Lan , Wu Yi , Zhang Yi‐Lin , Yang Li‐Xia , Shen Xin‐Yue , Zhang Qiu‐Yu , Lin Min , Gao Hai‐Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhthalates (PEs), such as butyl benzyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate, are one of the most widely used plasticizers, and humans are increasingly exposed to them. Phytochemical quercetin (Que) is a typical flavonoid with several biological effects, such as antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory. The present study was designed to explore the effect of Que on testicular toxicity caused by the mixture of three commonly used PEs (MPEs), and the underlying mechanism. Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups (n = 8). Rats in control the group were orally treated with the excipient. Rats in the MPEs group were orally administered with 900 mg kg−1 day−1 MPEs, whereas rats in the MPEs+L‐Que, MPEs+M‐Que and MPEs+H‐Que groups were simultaneously treated with 900 mg kg−1 day−1 MPEs and, respectively, 10, 30 and 90 mg kg−1 day−1 Que for 30 days.RESULTSCompared with the control group, the testes weight, epididymides weight, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle‐stimulating hormone and estradiol levels, and anogenital distance in the MPEs group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The testicular tissues were injured with atrophy of seminiferous tubules, hyperplasia of Leydig cells and arrest of spermatogenesis in the MPEs group. Testicular steroidogenic proteins (StAR, P450scc, CYP17A1 and 17β‐HSD, P450arom) were up‐regulated, whereas P‐element‐induced wimpy testis proteins (PIWIL1 and PIWIL2) were down‐regulated in the MPEs group (P < 0.05). However, the alterations of these parameters were inhibited in the MPEs+M‐Que and MPEs+H‐Que groups.CONCLUSIONMPEs disturbed steroid hormone metabolism and caused testicular injuries. Que could inhibit testicular toxicity of MPEs, which might relate to the improved regulation of steroid hormone metabolism. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Thermo‐penetrative spreading behaviours of oil in lasered microgrooves on stainless steel 316L surfaces
Authors: Wang Rong , Bai Shaoxian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe thermo‐penetrative spreading behaviours of oil in microgrooves on stainless steel 316L surfaces were studied experimentally under temperature gradient conditions. An interface of smooth surface and microgrooved surface was designed to comparatively investigate the penetrative spreading of oil in microgrooves and the apparent spreading of oil on microgrooves and smooth surfaces. Then, microgrooves with different depths but a same width were laser processed to analyse the relationship between the actions of surface texture and temperature gradient on oil directional spreading. Results showed that the apparent oil on microgrooves extended directionally along the temperature gradient, leading to the lubricant loss from the high‐temperature region to the lower, while the penetrative oil in microgrooves could spread rapidly from the low‐temperature region to the higher under the obstruction of the thermocapillary effect, providing a potential method to enhance the lubrication.
Towards a convection‐permitting regional reanalysis over the Italian domain
Authors: Cerenzia Ines Maria Luisa , Giordani Antonio , Paccagnella Tiziana , Montani Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new convection‐permitting regional reanalysis, SPHERA (High Resolution REAnalysis over Italy), has been developed over Italy and the surrounding seas using the COSMO model at 2.2 km horizontal resolution. The reanalysis system is nested in the global reanalysis ERA5; upper‐air and surface observations are assimilated at the convection‐permitting scale by the COSMO nudging scheme. Before the complete production of the hourly three‐dimensional fields and surface/soil parameters over the period 1995–2020, general issues regarding the reanalysis set‐up needed to be addressed over a shorter test period. These include the identification of the best approach to downscale the lateral boundary conditions from the global driver, and the definition of the bottom boundary condition related to deep soil temperature. With respect to the downscaling methodology, the results show a clear benefit in using lateral boundary conditions directly from the global ERA5, despite the large resolution difference between the two modes (1:15), instead of providing them from an intermediate resolution COSMO‐based reanalysis. Moreover, the soil bottom boundary condition for temperature is reconstructed from the shallower ERA5 soil, using a site‐dependent method based on a delayed running mean of the ERA5 temperature at the deepest soil level. Finally, an evaluation of SPHERA has been performed with respect to the skill in simulating daily precipitation over 2 years. Compared with ERA5, SPHERA shows a higher ability in simulating moderate and intense events, markedly during summer, in terms of skill scores, frequency of occurrence and bias.
High‐resolution multi‐shot diffusion‐weighted MRI combining markerless prospective motion correction and locally low‐rank constrained reconstruction
Authors: Chen Hao , Dai Ke , Zhong Sijie , Zheng Jiaxu , Zhang Xinyue , Yang Shasha , Cao Tuoyu , Wang Chaohong , Karasan Ekin , Frydman Lucio , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: October 2022

PurposeSubject head motion is a major challenge in DWI, leading to image blurring, signal losses, and biases in the estimated diffusion parameters. Here, we investigate a combined application of prospective motion correction and spatial‐angular locally low‐rank constrained reconstruction to obtain robust, multi‐shot, high‐resolution diffusion‐weighted MRI under substantial motion.MethodsSingle‐shot EPI with retrospective motion correction can mitigate motion artifacts and resolve any mismatching of gradient encoding orientations; however, it is limited by low spatial resolution and image distortions. Multi‐shot acquisition strategies could achieve higher resolution and image fidelity but increase the vulnerability to motion artifacts and phase variations related to cardiac pulsations from shot to shot. We use prospective motion correction with optical markerless motion tracking to remove artifacts and reduce image blurring due to bulk motion, combined with locally low‐rank regularization to correct for remaining artifacts due to shot‐to‐shot phase variations.ResultsThe approach was evaluated on healthy adult volunteers at 3 Tesla under different motion patterns. In multi‐shot DWI, image blurring due to motion with 20 mm translations and 30° rotations was successfully removed by prospective motion correction, and aliasing artifacts caused by shot‐to‐shot phase variations were addressed by locally low‐rank regularization. The ability of prospective motion correction to preserve the orientational information in DTI without requiring a reorientation of the b‐matrix is highlighted.ConclusionThe described technique is proved to hold valuable potential for mapping brain diffusivity and connectivity at high resolution for studies in subjects/cohorts where motion is common, including neonates, pediatrics, and patients with neurological disorders.
Gold island‐enhanced multiplex quantum dots fluorescent system for biomedical analysis of circulating tumor nucleic acids
Authors: Lin Jingyan , Wu Yunxia , Wang Jingru , Yang Ronghua , Wu Wenjie , Li Bin , Chen Xiaodong , Xue Wei , Liao Yuhui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCirculating tumor nucleic acids (CTNAs) have been employed as the potential markers for tumor diagnosis and management, which are highly correlated with the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis processes. Therefore, it is important to develop a highly‐sensitive and reliable method for the detection of CTNAs, especially the multiplex point mutation detection of blood‐derived CTNAs. Herein, a versatile gold island‐enhanced multiplex quantum dots (GIEM‐QDs) fluorescent platform was constructed for the highly‐sensitive detection of CTNAs in serum. The GIEM fluorescent strategy was designed as the highly‐efficient signal giving‐out mode which could amplify the fluorescence intensity of QDs, thus realizing a homogeneous platform for the enrichment, multiplex detection, and point mutations monitoring of CTNAs with the principle of base‐stacking. A high sensitivity of 10 amol and desirable specificity was achieved, and the performance index for analysis of clinical tumor patients’ samples indicated that the GIEM‐QDs fluorescent strategy could realize multiplex point mutation detection of CTNAs in complex blood samples. Hence, this platform could achieve a high detection rate in clinical samples that suitably met the clinical requirements for multiplex detection and point mutations monitoring of CTNAs, and thus has the potential to serve as the tumor liquid biopsy strategy based on CTNAs.