bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spirocyclohexadienone‐Type Neolignans with Neuroprotective and Neurite Outgrowth Enhancing Activities from Magnolia liliiflora
Authors: Wu Xing‐De , Hu Jian‐Lin , Nie Wei , Hu Ming , Li Jin‐Da , Shen Yi‐Fan , Ding Lin‐Fen , Song Liu‐Dong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree rare spirocyclohexadienone‐type neolignans, magnoflorins A–C (1–3), and three known analogs (4–6), were isolated from the leaves of Magnolia liliiflora. Magnoflorin D (4) was obtained from natural resources for the first time. The chemical structures and absolute configurations of 1–4 were elucidated through detailed analysis of HR‐ESI‐MS, IR, 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR, and ECD experiments. The absolute configuration of 5 were characterized by X‐ray crystallography in present study. Moreover, compounds 4 and 5 displayed moderate neuroprotective activity against corticosterone‐induced PC12 cells injury at 20 μM with cell viability of 71.5±0.99 % and 73.0±1.42 %, respectively, compared to the model group with 60.83±0.93 %. Compound 6 could enhance neurite outgrowth of nerve growth factor (NGF)‐induced PC12 cells at 10 μM with the differentiation rate of 11.98 %, compared with 20.49 % of 50 ng/ml NGF.
Atomic‐Layer‐Deposited Oxygen‐Deficient TiO2 on Carbon Cloth: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Ma Xiaobo , Zhang Qiyu , Gao Lijun , Zhang Yating , Hu Chao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising alternative to the traditional Haber‐Bosch process for ammonia production, but plagued by the high bonding energy of N≡N and the hydrogen evolution side reaction. Recent studies show that enhancing the adsorption and activation of N2 on the catalyst is the key to improving the NRR performance, and the introduction of oxygen vacancies on the surface of metal oxides is an effective way to design high‐performance catalysts. Here, TiO2 with different thicknesses was deposited on conductive carbon cloth by atomic layer deposition, and then oxygen vacancies were introduced on the catalyst surface by an annealing process. The abundant oxygen vacancies on TiO2 surface are found to be beneficial for enhancing the NRR activity of the catalysts. Moreover, the NRR activity is significantly influenced by the thickness of the deposited TiO2 layer, and an over‐thick TiO2 layer leads to a decrease in the conductivity of the catalysts and hinders the charge transfer process. With the optimum thickness, the atomic‐layer‐deposited oxygen‐deficient TiO2 catalysts can achieve a Faradaic efficiency of 31.6 % and a yield of 3.4 μg h−1 cm−2 for ammonia production in 0.5 M LiOH aqueous electrolyte at 0 vs. RHE. It is anticipated that ultrathin semiconducting oxide catalysts synthesized by atomic layer deposition will have broad and promising applications for efficient electrochemical NRR. Introduction
Quantitative Evaluation and Improvement of Interfacial Li+ Transfer Between SiOx Electrode and Garnet‐Type Ta‐Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 Electrolyte
Authors: Sugimoto Ryosuke , Marumoto Kohei , Haruta Masakazu , Inaba Minoru , Doi Takayuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA flat and smooth Li6.6La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12 (LLZT) pellet was used as a model solid electrolyte to evaluate Li+ transfer resistivity (Ω cm2) at an interface between an LLZT electrolyte and a silicon suboxide (SiOx) electrode. Two types of interfaces were employed; one was a “joint interface” that was formed by depositing a SiOx thin film directly on the LLZT pellet. The other was a “contact interface” that was formed by compressing a SiOx thin film on a Cu foil to the LLZT pellet, which is a more realistic and practicable interface in all‐solid‐state batteries. The quantitative evaluation of interfacial resistances revealed that Li+ transfer at the solid/solid interfaces was intrinsically more sluggish than that for a solid/liquid one using an electrolyte solution. The interfacial resistivity could be reduced by introducing an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to the contact SiOx/LLZT interface.
The genus Annona: Botanical characteristics, horticultural requirements and uses
Authors: Leal Freddy , Paull Robert E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn overview of the genus Annona in the Family Annonaceae is provided in this review. The mainly neotropical family of trees and lianas has numerous commercial fruits that are eaten fresh, processed, or used as popular medicines. The family has 109 recognized genera and from 2,300 to 2,500 species. The taxonomy, morphology, and cytology of Annona spp. are discussed. The genus Annona has the most fruits of commercial importance, including the cherimoya (A. cherimola Mill.), soursop (A. muricata L.), sugar apple (A. squamosa L.), ilama (A. diversifolia Saff.), pond apple (A. glabra L.), biriba (A. mucosa Jacq. formerly Rollinia deliciosa Saff.), and hybrids such as the atemoya (A. squamosa × A. cherimola).
Implementation and outcomes of home‐based treatments for adolescents with anorexia nervosa: Study protocol for a pilot effectiveness‐implementation trial
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Tortolani Christina C. , Egbert Amy H. , Brick Leslie A. , Elwy A. Rani , Donaldson Deidre , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough family‐based treatment (FBT) is considered a first‐line treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), it is underutilized in community settings and is unavailable to many families for a multitude of practical reasons (e.g., costs of treatment, transportation constraints). Adapting FBT interventions for delivery in home‐based and community‐based settings may reduce pragmatic barriers to treatment uptake and engagement.MethodsThis pilot effectiveness‐implementation trial will assess outcomes, implementation, and mechanisms of FBT adapted for the home setting (FBT‐HB), delivered in the context of community‐based behavioral health agencies. Adolescents with AN‐spectrum disorders (n = 50) and their caregivers will be randomly assigned to either FBT‐HB or home‐based treatment as usual (TAU; integrated family therapy approach). Caregivers and adolescents will provide data on weight, eating, and putative treatment mechanisms, including caregiver self‐efficacy and adolescent eating‐related and weight‐related distress. Implementation constructs of feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness will be measured among providers and participating families.HypothesesWe expect that FBT‐HB will be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate, and will outperform TAU in terms of improvements in adolescent weight and eating‐related psychopathology. We further expect that caregiver self‐efficacy and adolescent eating‐related and weight‐related distress, but not general distress, will show greater improvements in FBT‐HB relative to TAU and will be associated with better adolescent weight and eating outcomes in FBT‐HB.Potential implicationsThe proposed study has clear potential to advance scientific and clinical understanding of the real‐world effectiveness of FBT for AN, including whether adapting it for the home setting improves its accessibility and effects on treatment outcome.
Assembling Hexagonal‐Bipyramidal {Mn8Zn2} and {Mn8Zn4} Clusters
Authors: Tziotzi Thomais G. , Andreou Evangelos K. , Mavromagoulos Athanasios , Murrie Mark , Dalgarno Scott J. , Brechin Euan K. , Milios Constantinos J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReaction between Mn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6H2O, Zn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6H2O, 1,3,5‐tri(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazacyclohexane (H3L) and pyrazole in MeOH under basic conditions leads to the formation of the decanuclear complex [MnIII6MnII2ZnII2(L)2(pyr)4O4(OH)4(NO3)2 (MeOH)2(H2O)4](NO3)2 ⋅ Η2Ο (1 ⋅ Η2Ο). The metallic core of the cationic cluster consists of a central hexagonal‐bipyramidal {MnIII4MnII2ZnII2} unit connected to two peripheral trivalent Mn centers arranged in a “trans” fashion, with one MnIII center lying above and one MnIII center below the hexagonal plane. Replacing Mn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6H2O with MnBr2 ⋅ 4H2O and repeating the same reaction leads to the formation of the related, neutral decanuclear complex [MnIII6MnII2ZnII2(L)2(pyr)4O4(OH)4Br4(H2O)2] (2), displaying the same metallic core as 1. Addition of THF to the reaction mixture that produces (2) affords the neutral dodecanuclear complex [MnIII6MnII2ZnII4(L)2(pyr)6O4(OH)4Br6(H2O)4] ⋅ 8THF (3 ⋅ 8THF), whose metallic skeleton retains the central hexagonal‐bipyramidal {MnIII4MnII2ZnII2} unit found in 1 and 2 but is now connected to two peripheral {MnIIIZnII} units. Magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements carried out in the T=2–300 K temperature range and in fields up to B=7.0 T for all three complexes reveal dominant antiferromagnetic exchange interactions.
Mitochondrial stress in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis associated with chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Loureiro Dimitri , Tout Issam , Narguet Stéphanie , Bed Cheikh Mohamed , Roinard Morgane , Sleiman Ahmad , Boyer Nathalie , Pons‐Kerjean Nathalie , Castelnau Corinne , Giuly Nathalie , Tonui Dorothy , Soumelis Vassili , El Benna Jamel , Soussan Patrick , Moreau Richard , Paradis Valérie , Mansouri Abdellah , Asselah Tarik 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes oxidative stress (OS) and alters mitochondria in experimental models. Our goal was to investigate whether HBV might alter liver mitochondria also in humans, and the resulting mitochondrial stress might account for the progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Approach and Results:
The study included 146 treatment‐naïve CHB mono‐infected patients. Patients with CHB and advanced fibrosis (AF) or cirrhosis (F3‐F4) were compared to patients with no/mild‐moderate fibrosis (F0‐F2). Patients with CHB were further compared to patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC; n = 33), nonalcoholic steatohepatatis (NASH; n = 12), and healthy controls (n = 24). We detected oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including mtDNA strand beaks, and identified multiple mtDNA deletions in patients with F3‐F4 as compared to patients with F0‐F2. Alterations in mitochondrial function, mitochondrial unfolded protein response, biogenesis, mitophagy, and liver inflammation were observed in patients with AF or cirrhosis associated with CHB, CHC, and NASH. In vitro, significant increases of the mitochondrial formation of superoxide and peroxynitrite as well as mtDNA damage, nitration of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, and impairment of complex I occurred in HepG2 cells replicating HBV or transiently expressing hepatitits B virus X protein. mtDNA damage and complex I impairment were prevented with the superoxide‐scavenging Mito‐Tempo or with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)–specific inhibitor 1400 W.

Conclusions:
Our results emphasized the importance of mitochondrial OS, mtDNA damage, and associated alterations in mitochondrial function and dynamics in AF or cirrhosis in CHB and NASH. Mitochondria might be a target in drug development to stop fibrosis progression.
Special issue “The advance of solid tumor research in China”: FGFR4 alterations predict efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Gao Guanghui , Cui Longgang , Zhou Fei , Jiang Tao , Wang Wanying , Mao Shiqi , Wu Fengying , Jiang Fangli , Zhang Bei , Bei Ting , Xie Wenchuan , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Hougang , Gao Chan , Zhao Xiaochen , Bai Yuezong , Zhou Caicun , Ren Shengxiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which represent the new standard of care for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NCSLC), are not effective in many patients. Biomarkers are needed to guide treatment. Sequencing data of an ICI‐treated cohort were analyzed to identify genomic signatures predicting ICI efficacy, followed by validation using multiple independent cohorts. Their predictive mechanism was explored by evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment and tumor mutational burden (TMB). In the discovery cohort, patients carrying FGFR4 alterations (FGFR4altered) had a better objective response rate (ORR) (50.0% vs 19.4%; P = .057) and improved median progression‐free survival (mPFS) (13.17 vs 3.17 months; HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14‐1; P = .04) than wild‐type patients (FGFR4wt). In the publicly available validation cohorts, FGFR4 alterations correlated with higher ORR (100% vs 31%; P = .028), longer median overall survival (mOS) (not reached [NR] vs 11 months; HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.09‐0.89, P = .02), and mPFS (NR vs 6.07 months; HR 0.05, 95% CI 0‐3.94, P = .039). FGFR4 alterations were confirmed as an independent predictor of superior PFS (P = .014) and OS (P = .005). FGFR4altered patients also exhibited a significantly improved disease control rate (100% vs 60%, P = .045) and prolonged mPFS (9.70 vs 3.16 months; P = .095) compared to FGFR4wt patients in our Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital cohort. FGFR4 alterations associated with a higher TMB levels, more CD8+ T cells in the tumor stroma, and a higher M1/M2 ratio for tumor‐associated macrophages in the tumor center and stroma. Thus, FGFR4 alterations may serve as a potential independent predictor of ICI efficacy in NSCLC.
MetaTrass: A high‐quality metagenome assembler of the human gut microbiome by cobarcoding sequencing reads
Authors: Qi Yanwei , Gu Shengqiang , Zhang Yue , Guo Lidong , Xu Mengyang , Cheng Xiaofang , Wang Ou , Sun Ying , Chen Jianwei , Fang Xiaodong , Liu Xin , Deng Li , Fan Guangyi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetagenomic evidence of great genetic diversity within the nonconserved regions of the human gut microbial genomes appeals for new methods to elucidate the species‐level variability at high resolution. However, current approaches cannot satisfy this methodologically challenge. In this study, we proposed an efficient binning‐first‐and‐assembly‐later strategy, named MetaTrass, to recover high‐quality species‐resolved genomes based on public reference genomes and the single‐tube long fragment read (stLFR) technology, which enables cobarcoding. MetaTrass can generate genomes with longer contiguity, higher completeness, and lower contamination than those produced by conventional assembly‐first‐and‐binning‐later strategies. From a simulation study on a mock microbial community, MetaTrass showed the potential to improve the contiguity of assembly from kb to Mb without accuracy loss, as compared to other methods based on the next‐generation sequencing technology. From four human fecal samples, MetaTrass successfully retrieved 178 high‐quality genomes, whereas only 58 ones were provided by the optimal performance of other conventional strategies. Most importantly, these high‐quality genomes confirmed the high level of genetic diversity among different samples and unveiled much more. MetaTrass was designed to work with metagenomic reads sequenced by stLFR technology, but is also applicable to other types of cobarcoding libraries. With the high capability of assembling high‐quality genomes of metagenomic data sets, MetaTrass seeks to facilitate the study of spatial characters and dynamics of complex microbial communities at enhanced resolution. The open‐source code of MetaTrass is available at https://github.com/BGI-Qingdao/MetaTrass.
Volume‐rendered optical coherence tomography angiography during ocular interventions: Advocating for noninvasive intraoperative retinal perfusion monitoring
Authors: Enz Tim J. , Maloca Peter M. , Tschopp Markus , Menke Marcel N. , Tribble James R. , Williams Pete A. , Inglin Nadja , Steitz Ulrike , Scholl Hendrik P. N. , Papazoglou Anthia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe aimed to test for feasibility of volume‐rendered optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as a novel method for assessing/quantifying retinal vasculature during ocular procedures and to explore the potential for intraoperative use. Thirty patients undergoing periocular anaesthesia were enrolled, since published evidence suggests a reduction in ocular blood flow. Retinal perfusion was monitored based on planar OCTA image‐derived data provided by a standard quantification algorithm and postprocessed/volume‐rendered OCTA data using a custom software script. Overall, imaging procedures were successful, yet imaging artifacts occurred frequently. In interventional eyes, perfusion parameters decreased during anaesthesia. Planar image‐derived and volume rendering‐derived parameters were correlated. No correlation was found between perfusion parameters and a motion artifact score developed for this study, yet all perfusion parameters correlated with signal strength as displayed by the device. Concluding, volume‐rendered OCTA allows for noninvasive three‐dimensional retinal vasculature assessment/quantification in challenging surgical settings and appears generally feasible for intraoperative use.
A stabilized foam formulation usingFTP‐SDSsurfactants for wettability alteration and flow diversion in carbonate fractured oil reservoirs
Authors: Hosseini Seyyed Koorosh , Soltani Soulgani Bahram , Foroozesh Jalal , Haji Bolouri Ehsan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFoam injection contributes to improved oil recovery through flow diversion, reduction of interfacial tension (IFT), and wettability alteration of the rock while its stability is an issue. In this article, nitrogen‐foam was optimally formulated using fluorocarbon tubiguard protect (FTP) surfactant stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) co‐surfactant that was later experimentally considered for oil recovery in a fractured carbonate rock taken from an oil field in the Middle East. The results showed that the 5:1 volume ratio of fluorocarbon surfactant and SDS (FS51) generates a stable foaming agent with ability of changing the wettability of the carbonate rock surfaces to an intermediate gas‐wet state. A series of core‐flood experiments at HPHT conditions were also carried out and designed to properly represent matrix‐fracture media using both a horizontally and vertically oriented setup. The oil saturated cores were flooded with nitrogen gas first followed by foam injection. It was concluded that foam can divert the gas to flow from fractures to the matrix blocks and result in a significant oil recovery. The contact angle tests that performed after core‐flood experiments revealed the wettability changes of fracture surfaces from an oil‐wet to a gas‐wet state. This allows gas to be imbibed into the matrix blocks by capillary force and results in enhancement of ultimate oil recovery. This study revealed that trapped oil in matrixes blocks that had not been drained during the gas injection process could be produced by designing a stable foam that sustainably diverts injected fluid from fractures to matrix zone.
Stoichiometric characteristics of medium‐ and micro‐elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) in soil aggregates as affected by stand age in Chinese fir plantations
Authors: Wang Shengqiang , Zhou Pengyu , Luo Bing , Ye Shaoming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to understand the fertility of soil comprehensively in Chinese fir plantations, the stoichiometric characteristics of soil nutrient elements should be paid more attention to. Despite the broad investigation of the stoichiometry regarding soil C, N, P, and K, the stoichiometry regarding soil Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn remains unclear. Therefore, this research aimed at exploring how the medium‐ and micro‐element (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+) contents, stocks, and their stoichiometric ratios (Ca2+/Mg2+ and Fe2+/Mn2+) in soil aggregates varied with Chinese fir‐planting age (3, 9, 17, and 26 years) in the soil profile (0–40 cm). Our results showed that the stand age affected the stoichiometric characteristics of soil medium‐ and micro‐elements in Chinese fir plantations, but such effects at the soil depth of 0–30 cm were more obvious compared with those at the 30–40 cm. At the soil depth of 0–30 cm, soil Fe2+ and Mn2+ were gradually accumulated over time, whereas soil Ca2+ and Mg2+ were susceptible to leaching and fir up taking. In the process of Chinese fir planting, decreasing soil Ca2+ and Mg2+, especially the Ca2+ (as demonstrated by decreasing soil Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio), could cause soil acidification. And then, soil acidification could lead to more Fe2+ and Mn2+ released by accelerated mineral collapse, especially the Fe2+ (as demonstrated by increasing soil Fe2+/Mn2+ ratio). Overall, the present research advances knowledge of soil nutrient dynamics in Chinese fir plantations and provides supplementary information for the ecological stoichiometry of soil in the terrestrial ecosystem elsewhere in the world.
Selectively Modulated Photoresponse in Type‐I Heterojunction for Ultrasensitive Self‐Powered Photodetectors
Authors: Liu Jidong , Hao Qiaoyan , Gan Haibo , Li Peng , Li Benxuan , Tu Yudi , Zhu Jingting , Qi Dianyu , Chai Yang , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhotodetectors based on two‐dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) have demonstrated great potential in modern nanotechnologies across a wide range of applications. However, due to the severe interface recombination of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs and various absorption edges of constituent layers, they would suffer from low carrier collection efficiency, and the spectral response range of each constituent layer is indistinguishable. Herein, tellurium (Te) nanoflakes with broadband photoresponse are synthesized to construct type‐I InSe/Te vdWHs photodetector, which exhibits an ultralow reverse dark current of 3 × 10−14 A and an ultrahigh current rectification ratio of 108. Moreover, considerable photovoltaic effect of the heterostructure device is observed under illumination, attaining a light on/off ratio of up to 105, a high specific detectivity of 1.77 × 1011 Jones, and a fast response time of 320 µs. Based on type‐I band alignment, the Te layer can collect the photogenerated holes from the InSe layer to suppress the recombination of photogenerated carriers. More importantly, the spectral response of the InSe/Te heterostructure photodetector can be selectively modulated by the InSe layer. This work demonstrates that band alignment engineering of 2D vdWHs holds great potential for developing high‐performance self‐powered photodetectors.
Early biofilm and streamer formation is mediated by wall shear stress and surface wettability: A multifactorial microfluidic study
Authors: Chun Alexander L. M. , Mosayyebi Ali , Butt Arthur , Carugo Dario , Salta Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiofilms are intricate communities of microorganisms encapsulated within a self‐produced matrix of extra‐polymeric substances (EPS), creating complex three‐dimensional structures allowing for liquid and nutrient transport through them. These aggregations offer constituent microorganisms enhanced protection from environmental stimuli—like fluid flow—and are also associated with higher resistance to antimicrobial compounds, providing a persistent cause of concern in numerous sectors like the marine (biofouling and aquaculture), medical (infections and antimicrobial resistance), dentistry (plaque on teeth), food safety, as well as causing energy loss and corrosion. Recent studies have demonstrated that biofilms interact with microplastics, often influencing their pathway to higher trophic levels. Previous research has shown that initial bacterial attachment is affected by surface properties. Using a microfluidic flow cell, we have investigated the relationship between both wall shear stress (τw) and surface properties (surface wettability) upon biofilm formation of two species (Cobetia marina and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). We investigated biofilm development on low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) membranes, Permanox® slides, and glass slides, using nucleic acid staining and end‐point confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results show that flow conditions affect biomass, maximum thickness, and surface area of biofilms, with higher τw (5.6 Pa) resulting in thinner biofilms than lower τw (0.2 Pa). In addition, we observed differences in biofilm development across the surfaces tested, with LDPE typically demonstrating more overall biofilm in comparison to Permanox® and glass. Moreover, we demonstrate the formation of biofilm streamers under laminar flow conditions within straight micro‐channels.