bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting lab culture to enhance academic resilience during crises
Authors: Arranz Ignasi , Nobre Regina , Cucherousset Julien , Reis de Carvalho Aline , Cantarute‐Rodrigues Amanda , Favriou Pierre , Garcia Flavien , Gimenez Marie , Imbert Alexis , Marin Valentin , Paz‐Vinas Ivan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has heavily impacted academics’ professional and personal lives, forcing many research groups (labs) to shift from an academic system primarily based on in‐person work to an almost full‐time remote workforce during lockdowns. Labs are generally characterized by a strong lab culture that underpins all research and social activities of its members. Lab culture traditionally builds on the pillars of in‐person communication, knowledge sharing, and all social and professional activities that promote collaboration, team building, scientific productivity, and well‐being. Here, we use the experience of our research group facing the COVID‐19 pandemic to illustrate how proactively reinforcing lab culture and its positive outcomes have been essential to our lab when transitioning from an in‐person to a remote lab environment, and through its ongoing evolution toward a hybrid remote/in‐person model. We argue that the proactive promotion of lab culture in research groups can foster academic resilience during crises, helping research groups to maintain their capacity to conduct scientific activities while preserving a sustainable life/work balance and a healthy mental condition.
COVID‐19 lockdown measures impacted citizen science hedgehog observation numbers in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Sweet Fabio S. T. , Rödl Thomas , Weisser Wolfgang W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to temporary changes in human–animal interactions due to changes in human activities. Here, we report on a surge in hedgehog observations during the first COVID‐19 lockdown in Germany in 2020, on the citizen science Web portal “Igel in Bayern” (Hedgehogs in Bavaria) in Germany. This increase in comparison with previous years was attributed to an increase in the number of people reporting hedgehog observations, rather than an increase in the number of hedgehog observations made by each observer. Additionally, in contrast to other studies on the effects of a COVID‐19 lockdown on observations recorded by citizen science projects, the share of observations made in more urbanized areas during the lockdown time was not higher than the change observed in less urbanized areas. This is possibly a result of the differences in COVID‐19 measures between Germany and other countries where preceding studies were carried out, in particular the lack of measures limiting traveling outdoor activities for citizens.
Nematode communities indicate diverse soil functioning across a fog gradient in the Namib Desert gravel plains
Authors: Treonis Amy M. , Marais Eugene , Maggs‐Kölling Gillian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSoil nematodes are fundamentally aquatic animals, requiring water to move, feed, and reproduce. Nonetheless, they are ubiquitous in desert soils because they can enter an anhydrobiotic state that allows them to persist when water is biologically unavailable. In the hyper‐arid Namib Desert of Namibia, rain is rare, but fog routinely moves inland from the coast and supports plant and animal life. Very little is understood about how this fog may affect soil organisms. We investigated the role of fog moisture in the ecology of free‐living, soil nematodes across an 87‐km fog gradient in the gravel plains of the Namib Desert. We found that nematodes emerged from anhydrobiosis and became active during a fog event, suggesting that they can utilize fog moisture to survive. Nematode abundance did not differ significantly across the fog gradient and was similar under shrubs and in interplant spaces. Interplant soils harbor biological soil crusts that may sustain nematode communities. As fog declined along the gradient, nematode diversity increased in interplant soils. In areas where fog is rare, sporadic rainfall events can stimulate the germination and growth of desert ephemerals that may have a lasting effect on nematode diversity. In a 30‐day incubation experiment, nematode abundance increased when soils were amended with water and organic matter. However, these responses were not evident in field samples, which show no correlations among nematode abundance, location in the fog gradient, and soil organic matter content. Soil nematodes are found throughout the Namib Desert gravel plains under a variety of conditions. Although shown to be moisture‐ and organic matter‐limited and able to use moisture from the fog for activity, variation in fog frequency and soil organic matter across this unique ecosystem may be biologically irrelevant to soil nematodes in situ.
Critical considerations for enacting student success
Authors: Taylor Leonard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigher education institutions and the actors therein are still grappling with disparities in student outcomes and disparate student experiences. Although diligent efforts have been made, institutions have yet to transform in any substantial way to overcome these issues. Rather than offering new student success practices, the focus of this chapter is on how to support those who work to support students. To support the enactment of collective and specific student success commitments, I provide four critical considerations for senior leaders and student success decision‐makers, focused on the necessary institutional conditions for those carrying out student success work. The perspectives presented are largely shaped by discussions of the gaps between research knowledge and theories generated related to student success, perspectives on what happens in practice, the complexities of institutional environments and how they change, and how these constitute, relate to, and mitigate one another.
Critical perspectives on Black students’ success
Authors: Blockett Reginald A. , Ross Taylor J. , Todd Phillip A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the research literature on Black college students’ success and apply critical theoretical frameworks to reimagine how college student educators and administrators can promote a more holistic approach to student success. Scholars and researchers have focused on identifying how and why Black students succeed or not, and have illustrated a number of common experiences Black students endure in traditionally white institutions (TWIs). Less common but centrally important, however, are accounts and interpretations of Black students’ experiences that center Blackness, especially in intersectional ways. We offer three recommendations that stand to inform institutional practices and perhaps inspire continued scholarship related to Black students and their postsecondary success.
Student success at historically Black colleges and universities: Early findings and promising practices from the UNCF® Career Pathway Initiative
Authors: Njoku Nadrea R. , Owens LaToya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Institute for Capacity Building (ICB) and the Frederick D. Patterson Research Institute (FDPRI) found that there is a notable gap in institutions’ readiness to drive transformative change on campus. Early lessons from the UNCF® Career Pathways Initiative (CPI) ICB and FDPRI generated insights that indicate overall institutional health is as core to student success as student experience. This chapter provides an overview of how to scale student success initiatives that address institutional core functioning and focus on producing career‐ready graduates. Through this use of culturally relevant research practices, this chapter highlights the necessity of a culturally relevant approach in creating equity‐centered student success interventions and shifting institutional culture, while maintaining mission‐aligned practices.
Atorvastatin favorably modulates a clinical hepatocellular carcinoma risk gene signature
Authors: Kim Myung‐Ho , Kim Mi‐Young , Salloum Shadi , Qian Tongqi , Wong Lai Ping , Xu Min , Lee Yoojin , Shroff Stuti G. , Sadreyev Ruslan I. , Corey Kathleen E. , Baumert Thomas F. , Hoshida Yujin , Chung Raymond T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lipophilic but not hydrophilic statins have been shown to be associated with reduced risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. We investigated differential actions of lipophilic and hydrophilic statins and their ability to modulate a clinical prognostic liver signature (PLS) predicting HCC risk in patients with liver disease. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected Huh7.5.1 cells, recently developed as a model to screen HCC chemopreventive agents, were treated with lipophilic statins (atorvastatin and simvastatin) and hydrophilic statins (rosuvastatin and pravastatin), and then analyzed by RNA sequencing and PLS. Lipophilic statins, particularly atorvastatin, more significantly suppressed the HCV‐induced high‐risk pattern of PLS and genes in YAP and AKT pathway implicated in fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, compared with the hydrophilic statins. While atorvastatin inhibited YAP activation through the mevalonate pathway, the distinctive AKT inhibition of atorvastatin was mediated by stabilizing truncated retinoid X receptor alpha, which has been known to enhance AKT activation, representing a target for HCC chemoprevention. In addition, atorvastatin modulated the high‐risk PLS in an in vitro model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Conclusion: Atorvastatin distinctively inhibits YAP and AKT activation, which are biologically implicated in HCC development, and attenuates a high‐risk PLS in an in vitro model of HCV infection and NAFLD. These findings suggest that atorvastatin is the most potent statin to reduce HCC risk in patients with viral and metabolic liver diseases.
Report of a family with Huntington's disease
Authors: Luo Zhong , Wang Jian , Cao Piao , Zhang Lin‐Hai , Hao Ren‐Fang , Liang Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article was to analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of a patient with Huntington's disease and her family. We analyzed the clinical data of a patient with Huntington's disease and her family members in the Department of Neurology of our hospital, drew the genetic pedigree, and used gene fragment analysis to detect and analyze the genes of three people in the family according to the principle of informed consent. The genetic pedigree of the family was consistent with that of autosomal dominant diseases. A total of five people in this family developed the disease, two died, and the main clinical manifestations were dystonia, ataxia, and cognitive impairment. Three people in this family underwent genetic testing, and two exhibited normal genotypes. The cytosine–adenine–guanine trinucleotide (CAG) repeats of the proband were abnormally amplified, and the number of repeats reached 43. The main clinical features of the patient included chronic obscure onset, obvious positive family genetic history, clinical features of involuntary limb movement with cognitive impairment, rapid disease progression, poor treatment effect, and abnormal amplification of CAG repeats as shown through genetic testing. All the above features met the diagnostic criteria of Huntington's disease.
The downregulation of miR‐22 and miR‐372 may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus through regulating glucose metabolism via the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 pathway
Authors: Li Wei , Yuan Xianlin , He Xin , Yang Li , Wu Yingyuan , Deng Xiaofeng , Zeng Yiwen , Hu Kesheng , Tang Bo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying effective regulatory mechanisms will be significant for Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis and treatment.MethodsThe expressions of miR‐22 and miR‐372 in placenta tissues from 75 pregnant women with GDM and 75 matched healthy controls and HRT8/SVneo cells (a model of insulin resistance) were analyzed by qPCR. The expressions of PI3K, AKT, IRS, and GLUT4 in high glucose‐treated HRT8/SVneo cells transfected with miR‐22 or miR‐372 mimics or inhibitors was assessed by Western blot. A luciferase gene reporter assay was employed to verify miRNAs' target genes.ResultsThe expressions of miR‐22 and miR‐372 in placental tissues from GDM patients and HRT8/SVneo cells were significantly decreased compared with the respective controls. The GLUT4 expression was significantly decreased in the placenta tissues of GDM and HRT8/SVneo cells with high glucose transfected with miR‐22 and miR‐372 inhibitors. We confirmed that SLC2A4, the gene encoding GLUT4, was a direct target of miR‐22 and miR‐372. In this study, we report that the lower expressions of miR‐22 and miR‐372 in placental tissue from GDM patients.ConclusionOur results further suggested that the downregulations of miR‐22 and miR‐372 may contribute to GDM through regulating the PI3K/GLUT4 pathway.
Deep Learning Staging of Liver Iron Content From Multiecho MR Images
Authors: Positano Vincenzo , Meloni Antonella , Santarelli Maria Filomena , Pistoia Laura , Spasiano Anna , Cuccia Liana , Casini Tommaso , Gamberini Maria Rita , Allò Massimo , Bitti Pier Paolo , Pepe Alessia , Cademartiri Filippo 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundMRI represents the most established liver iron content (LIC) evaluation approach by estimation of liver T2* value, but it is dependent on the choice of the measurement region and the software used for image analysis.PurposeTo develop a deep‐learning method for unsupervised classification of LIC from magnitude T2* multiecho MR images.Study TypeRetrospective.Population/SubjectsA total of 1069 thalassemia major patients enrolled in the core laboratory of the Myocardial Iron Overload in Thalassemia (MIOT) network, which were included in the training (80%) and test (20%) sets. Twenty patients from different MRI vendors included in the external test set.Field Strength/SequenceA5 T, T2* multiecho magnitude images.AssessmentFour deep‐learning convolutional neural networks (HippoNet‐2D, HippoNet‐3D, HippoNet‐LSTM, and an ensemble network HippoNet‐Ensemble) were used to achieve unsupervised staging of LIC using five classes (normal, borderline, middle, moderate, severe). The training set was employed to construct the deep‐learning model. The performance of the LIC staging model was evaluated in the test set and in the external test set. The model's performances were assessed by evaluating the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with respect to the ground truth labels obtained by T2* measurements and by comparison with operator‐induced variability originating from different region of interest (ROI) placements.Statistical TestsThe network's performances were evaluated by single‐class accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity and compared by one‐way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one‐way ANOVA.ResultsHippoNet‐Ensemble reached an accuracy significantly higher than the other networks, and a sensitivity and specificity higher than HippoNet‐LSTM. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values for the LIC stages were: normal: 0.96/0.93/0.97, borderline: 0.95/0.85/0.98, mild: 0.96/0.88/0.98, moderate: 0.95/0.89/0.97, severe: 0.97/0.95/0.98. Correctly staging of cases was in the range of 85%–95%, depending on the LIC class. Multiclass accuracy was 0.90 against 0.92 for the interobserver variability.Data ConclusionThe proposed HippoNet‐Ensemble network can perform unsupervised LIC staging and achieves good prognostic performance.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Postsplenectomy morbidity and mortality in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: A national cohort study
Authors: Sharon Cimarron E. , Straker Richard J. , Perry Nikhita , Miura John T. , Karakousis Giorgos C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to identify factors associated with 30‐day morbidity, and their impact on 30‐day mortality, among patients undergoing splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).MethodsUsing the ACS‐NSQIP database, patients undergoing splenectomy for ITP were identified (2005–2019), and those with and without postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery were compared.ResultsOf 2483 patients evaluated, 280 (11.3%) developed 30‐day morbidity: infection (n= 145 [5.8%]), venous thromboembolism (n = 71 [2.9%]), acute renal failure (n = 7 [0.3%]), respiratory failure (n = 40 [1.6%]), cardiac arrest/myocardial infarction (n = 16 [0.6%]), cerebrovascular accident (n = 4 [0.2%]), or postoperative blood transfusion (n = 62 [2.5%]). Risk‐factors for 30‐day morbidity included age ≥50 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.50, p = 0.020), body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (OR 1.45, p = 0.023), functional dependence (OR 2.90, p = 0.009), preoperative albumin <3.5 g/dL (OR 2.10, p < 0.001), preoperative platelets <30 000/μL (OR 1.54, p = 0.020), open surgical approach (OR 2.32, p < 0.001), and inpatient status before surgery (OR 1.85, p = 0.040). Among patients at low‐risk for 30‐day morbidity (no risk‐factors present), the 30‐day morbidity rate was 5.0% versus 41.5% for ≥5 risk‐factors (p < 0.001). Thirty‐day mortality was 1.2%.ConclusionsThirty‐day morbidity and mortality are low with splenectomy for ITP. Select patients have particularly low perioperative risk and may benefit from early splenectomy if initial medical therapy fails.
Leveraging web search data to explore public interest in psoriasis in Germany
Authors: Wallnöfer Fabian , Erbas Mert E. , Tizek Linda , Schuster Barbara , Wecker Hannah , Biedermann Tilo , Zink Alexander 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about what people are interested in when they search the web for psoriasis. The monitoring of online search behaviour allows the assessment of interest in a disease on a more representative level by including people outside of medical settings.ObjectivesThis study aims to reveal relevant aspects regarding psoriasis for people consulting the web.MethodsGoogle Ads Keyword Planner was used to select and evaluate relevant German keywords for ‘psoriasis' in the study period from September 2016 to August 2020 on German territory. All keywords were qualitatively reviewed and descriptively analysed in 11 categories. One‐way analysis of variance, Welch test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to assess differences within Germany, annual search volumes and seasons.ResultsOverall, 11,170,740 German language Google searches on the topic of psoriasis were made. In the general category, the most commonly searched disease aspect was related to the possible contagiousness of psoriasis (n = 122,040). ‘Head’ (51.1%), followed by ‘nails’ (15.9%), ‘hands’ (8.8%), ‘feet’ (7.8%), and ‘genital/anal area’ (6.1%), was the most frequently searched for localization. Pustular forms of psoriasis were overrepresented in the search volume. Almost half of the search terms for therapy were represented by keywords related to alternative care and phytotherapy, while less than 1% related to biologics. Differences between the federal states for search volume on treatment options (p < 0.001) and between annual search volumes (p < 0.001) were found.ConclusionsQueries on pustular forms and difficult‐to‐treat areas gained high online interest, which suggests higher disease impact or underdiagnosis. The high interest in alternative therapy options suggests possible therapy dissatisfaction, lack of patient information or lack of access to guideline‐conform therapy options. The possible infectiousness of psoriasis seems to remain an issue in the general population and should be addressed accordingly.
Reinke's edema management and voice outcomes
Authors: Dewan Karuna , Chhetri Dinesh K. , Hoffman Henry 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesReinke's edema is a chronic disease of the respiratory tract that occurs in adults with a history of chronic smoke exposure. Also known as polypoid corditis, polypoid laryngitis, and polypoid degeneration of the vocal fold, it is strongly associated with smoking, frequently with vocal misuse/abuse, and occasionally with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Reinke's edema remains a cause of chronic dysphonia that is difficult to manage. This review provides perspectives on current and future management of Reinke's edema.ResultsReinke's edema impacts <1% of the population. The excessive mass is seen in polypoid degeneration results in a loss of pitch control and a rough voice. Women are more likely to present for treatment as the characteristic lowering of vocal pitch is more noticeable in women than men. Multiple grading systems have been proposed within the literature. The current standard of care is surgical excision, after smoking cessation. The microflap technique remains the approach of choice for bulky lesions. Surgical management of Reinke's edema has evolved with the introduction of various lasers into otolaryngologic practice; some which can now be used in the office setting. While many management approaches have been described within the literature, there is a little direct comparison and no obvious superior method of Reinke's edema management.ConclusionTo date, the biology of Reinke's edema is not well understood. Additional research is needed further elucidate the role of uncontrolled reflux in the development and recurrence of Reinke's edema.
Formulation of Dermal Tissue Matrix Bioink by a Facile Decellularization Method and Process Optimization for 3D Bioprinting toward Translation Research
Authors: Bera Ashis Kumar , Sriya Yeleswarapu , Pati Falguni 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDecellularized extracellular matrices (ECMs) are being extensively used for tissue engineering purposes and detergents are predominantly used for this. A facile detergent‐free decellularization method is developed for dermal matrix and compared it with the most used detergent‐based decellularization methods. An optimized, single‐step, cost‐effective Hypotonic/Hypertonic (H/H) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) solutions‐based method is employed to decellularize goat skin that resulted in much higher yield than other methods. The ECM composition, mechanical property, and cytocompatibility are evaluated and compared with other decellularization methods. Furthermore, this H/H‐treated decellularized dermal ECM (ddECM) exhibits a residual DNA content of <50 ng mg−1 of dry tissue. Moreover, 85.64 ± 3.01% of glycosaminoglycans and 65.53 ± 2.9% collagen are retained compared to the native tissue, which is higher than the ddECMs prepared by other methods. The cellular response is superior in ddECM (H/H) than other ddECMs prepared by detergent‐based methods. Additionally, a bioink is formulated with the ddECM (H/H), showing good shear thinning and shear recovery properties. Process optimization in terms of print speed, flow rate, and viscosity is done to obtain a bioprinting window for ddECM bioink. The printed constructs with optimized parameters have adequate mechanical and cell adhesive properties and excellent isotropic cellular alignment.