bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The establishment of BIM‐embedded knowledge‐sharing platform and its learning community model: A case of prefabricated building design
Authors: Lee Pin‐Chan , Lo Tzu‐Ping , Wen I‐Jyh , Xie Liping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBuilding information modeling (BIM) not only can be a medium for 3D display and simulation but also can be embedded in the knowledge ontology to connect more comprehensive information. Despite the advantages of the BIM‐embedded knowledge ontology that has been explored in engineering practices, it is still less discussed in engineering education. Therefore, this paper aims to establish a BIM‐embedded knowledge‐sharing platform and its corresponding learning community model to improve learning outcomes. The BIM‐embedded knowledge‐sharing platform is established by the MediaWiki to connect the knowledge entries with the related BIM components to expand the BIM‐embedded knowledge ontology. The learning community model is developed on problem‐based learning and project‐based learning to encourage students to build their own knowledge by creating, sharing, and modifying knowledge entries. In the experimental teaching, twenty students are invited to participate in the learning community for a class on prefabricated building design. Students are guided to build and share their knowledge entries and the related BIM components by following the learning community model. Besides this, they also use the BIM‐embedded knowledge‐sharing platform to complete a real design project. Results show the proposed BIM‐embedded knowledge‐sharing platform and the learning community model are beneficial for the learning outcomes.
Unfolded protein response alleviates acid‐induced premature senescence by promoting autophagy in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Zhu Lei , Xie Zhi‐Yang , Jiang Zan‐Li , Wang Xiao‐Hu , Shi Hang , Chen Lu , Wu Xiao‐Tao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcid‐induced cellular senescence is a critical underlying mechanism of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). Acid stimulation activates a variety of biological changes including autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and related unfolded protein response (UPR), which are important regulators of cellular senescence. However, the precise mechanism of acid‐mediated UPR and autophagy in nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used acid to mimic the acidic microenvironment of IVD, and rat NPCs were cultured with or without autophagy or UPR signaling small‐interfering RNAs. The related proteins and genes were assessed by immunofluorescence staining assay, Western blot analyses, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction to monitor the activation of these signals and classify the molecular mechanisms underlying the correlation between autophagy and UPR pathway. Cell cycle analyses, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining, gene expression, and immunoblotting analyses were performed to observe NPC senescence. Results showed that acid stimulation not only induced NPC senescence, but also initiated UPR and autophagy. Silencing the binding immunoglobulin protein signaling of UPR or autophagy signaling promoted rat NPC senescence. Knock‐down of the UPR also blocked NPC autophagy. Taken together, UPR inhibits NPC senescence under acidic condition by activating autophagy. Hence, UPR‐dependent autophagy could be an effective biologic target for the treatment of IDD in the future.
Balloon‐assisted injection of fibrin sealant for the treatment of postintervention access‐site bleeding complications
Authors: Lindner Jakob U. , Markuske Matthias , Szczanowicz Lukasz , Jobs Alexander , Abdel‐Wahab Mohamed , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger , Sulimov Dmitry S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study sought to evaluate a new method that uses injection of fibrin sealant under simultaneous balloon occlusion for the treatment of postinterventional access site bleeding complications. With the rising complexity of interventional procedures, iatrogenic false aneurysms and active bleeding has become more common. In general, these complications are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially if surgical repair is required. Although high success rates are reported for ultrasound‐guided compression and ultrasound‐guided thrombin injection, these methods are not always feasible. All procedures of fibrin sealant injection under simultaneous balloon occlusion for the treatment of postinterventional access site bleeding complications or pseudoaneurysm were prospectively collected. Additional data were retrospectively obtained and analyzed for all patients treated by this new method. In total, 53 patients were included from 2018 to 2021. Most of the access site complications were related to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (40%) or percutaneous coronary intervention (21%), but also to a wide variety of other procedures. Of the 53 patients, 30 had to be treated for false aneurysms and 23 for active bleeding. A high primary success rate of 94% was achieved. Recurrences of false aneurysms occurred in six patients, of which only one needed open surgical repair. Regarding complications, two peripheral embolisms, thereof one requiring additional stent implantation occurred. Balloon‐assisted thrombin injection seems to be feasible and safe. It provides a new alternative to prevent surgery for patients where common techniques are unavailable or have failed.
A fatal masquerade in pneumonia: Ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm
Authors: Liu Ching‐Han , Huang Shih‐Chung , Hsu Ching‐Tsai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe described an 87‐year‐old man who presented with fever and hemoptysis. Nosocomial pneumonia was initially suspected. However, the patient had worsening hemoptysis despite defervescence. Chest computed tomography disclosed ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm. Emergent surgery was then commenced for adequate treatment.
Cyclopentannulated Dihydrotetraazapentacenes
Authors: Heckershoff Robin , Maier Steffen , Wurm Thomas , Biegger Philipp , Brödner Kerstin , Krämer Petra , Hoffmann Marvin T. , Eberle Lukas , Stein Jana , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Freudenberg Jan , Dreuw Andreas , Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe transition‐metal‐catalyzed cyclization of bissilylethynylated N,N’‐dihydrotetraazapentacene (TIPS‐TAP‐H2) into bissilylated cyclopenta[fg,qr]pentacenes is reported. Depending on the catalyst either none, one or two silyl groups migrate and change their positions in the formed five‐membered rings. The optoelectronic properties are quite similar, whereas the packing motifs differ dramatically. Control experiments and quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the mechanism of the reaction and the selectivity of the silyl shift.
Nonaqueous Emulsion Polycondensation Enabled by a Self‐Assembled Cage‐like Surfactant
Authors: Ganta Sudhakar , Drechsler Christoph , Chen Yen‐Ting , Clever Guido H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonaqueous emulsions are crucial for a range of applications based on water‐sensitive systems such as controlled polymerizations requiring anhydrous reaction conditions and the stabilization of readily hydrolyzable reagents or pharmacologically active components. However, defined molecular surfactants to stabilize such nonaqueous emulsions are scarce. We introduce a self‐assembled coordination cage, decorated with cholesterol functionalities, to serve as a molecular surfactant for various oil‐in‐oil emulsions of immiscible organic solvents. While the positively charged cage forms the amphiphile's polar moiety, the non‐polar cholesterol appendices can bend in a common direction to stabilize the emulsion. Templated by the droplets, polycondensation reactions were carried out to produce microstructured polyurethane and polyurea materials of different particle sizes and morphologies. Further, the amphiphilic cage can encapsulate a guest molecule and the resulting host‐guest assembly was also examined as a surfactant. In addition, the aggregation behavior of the amphiphilic cage in an aqueous medium was examined.
Cationic Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Decarbonylative Aryl Addition of Aromatic Aldehydes to Bicyclic Alkenes
Authors: Nonami Reina , Morimoto Yusei , Kanemoto Kazuya , Yamamoto Yasunori , Shirai Tomohiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report an unprecedented catalytic protocol for the enantioselective decarbonylative transformation of aryl aldehydes. In this process, the decarbonylation of aldehydes catalyzed by chiral iridium complexes enabled the formation of asymmetric C−C bonds through the formation of an aryl−iridium intermediate. The decarbonylative aryl addition to bicyclic alkenes was fluidly performed without a stoichiometric aryl−metal reagent, such as aryl boronic acid, with a cationic iridium complex generated in situ from Ir(cod)2(BArF4) and the sulfur‐linked bis(phosphoramidite) ligand ((R,R)‐S−Me−BIPAM). This reaction has broad functional group compatibility, and no waste is generated, except carbon monoxide.
A New Variant of Emissive RNA Alphabets
Authors: Ludford Paul T. , Yang Shenghua , Bucardo Marcela S. , Tor Yitzhak 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA new fluorescent ribonucleoside alphabet (mthN) consisting of pyrimidine and purine analogues, all derived from methylthieno[3,4‐d]pyrimidine as the heterocyclic core, is described. Large bathochromic shifts and high microenvironmental susceptibility of their emission relative to previous alphabets derived from thieno[3,4‐d]pyrimidine (thN) and isothiazole[4,3‐d]pyrimidine (tzN) scaffolds are observed. Subjecting the purine analogues to adenosine deaminase, guanine deaminase and T7 RNA polymerase indicate that, while varying, all but one enzyme tolerate the corresponding mthN/mthNTP substrates. The robust emission quantum yields, high photophysical responsiveness and enzymatic accommodation suggest that the mthN alphabet is a biophysically viable tool and can be used to probe the tolerance of nucleoside/tide‐processing enzymes to structural perturbations of their substrates.
Influence of multiple predators decreases body condition and fecundity of European hares
Authors: Weterings Martijn J. A. , Losekoot Sanne , Kuipers Henry J. , Prins Herbert H. T. , van Langevelde Frank , van Wieren Sipke E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

We assessed the hypothesized negative correlation between the influence of multiple predators and body condition and fecundity of the European hare, from 13 areas in the Netherlands.

Year‐round abundance of predators was estimated by hunters. We quantified predator influence as the sum of their field metabolic rates, as this sum reflects the daily food requirements of multiple individuals. We determined the ratio between body mass and hindfoot length of hares as an index of body condition and the weight of their adrenal gland as a measure of chronic exposure to stress, and we counted the number of placental scars to estimate fecundity of hares.

As hypothesized, we found that the sum of field metabolic rate of predators was negatively correlated with body condition and the number of placental scars, whereas it was positively related to the weight of the adrenal glands. In contrast to the sum of the field metabolic rate, the total number of predators did not or weakly affect the investigated risk responses.

The sum of the field metabolic rate can be a useful proxy for the influence of multiple predators and takes into account predator abundance, type, body weight, and food requirements of multiple predators.

With our findings, our paper contributes to a better understanding of the risk effects of multiple predators on prey fitness. Additionally, we identify a potential contributor to the decline of European hare populations.
Vulture distribution and people perception of vultures in Pokhara Valley, Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Hemanta , Sharma Hari Prasad , McClure Christopher J. W. , Virani Munir , Rolek Brian W. , Pradhan Narendra Man Babu , Bhusal Krishna Prasad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDue to an abundance and diversity of vultures, Nepal is one of the most important countries for vulture conservation. Within Nepal, the Pokhara Valley is especially significant. We examine the distribution of vultures within the Pokhara Valley by conducting counts at 11 potential feeding or roosting sites using point count method. We further surveyed people of the valley regarding their perception of vulture ecology and conservation, knowledge of diclofenac use within the valley, and burial of livestock carcasses. We detected eight species of vultures, four of which are currently threatened with extinction. White‐rumped vulture Gyps bengalensis, Egyptian vulture Nephron percnopterus, and Himalayan vulture G. himalayensis were the most abundant. Almost all respondents (98%) had sighted the vultures in the wild. Formally educated respondents reported seeing vultures’ slightly more than nonformally educated respondents. Fifty‐eight percent respondents suspected habitat loss was the major threat for the vulture population decline in Pokhara Valley, and 97% respondents were not aware of any diclofenac use. The knowledge of vultures in people with different age groups suggests a more awareness programs are needed for local people, especially those who carry out animal husbandry and provide livestock to the vulture restaurant.
Quantification of radiative attenuation provided by fire hose nozzles
Authors: Collin Anthony , Suzanne Mathieu , Testa Fabian , Doelsch Pascal , Acem Zoubir , Thiry‐Muller Aurélien , Zeinali Davood , Erez Giacomo , Moriau Yannick , Hardy Louis , Mehaddi Rabah , Parent Gilles , Boulet Pascal 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThe aim of this study is to investigate the radiative protection provided by various fire hose nozzles used by several Fire Rescue Services in France and to propose an experimental set‐up to quantify it. This study combined the use of radiative sources (a radiant panel or a fire inside a standard shipping container) and metrological devices (radiative heat sensors, IR camera and spectrometer) to estimate the radiative attenuation of water sprays used to protect the firefighters against thermal effects which occur during a fire. For all the fire hose nozzles tested in this work, the maximal effective attenuation reaches 75%. For most of them, an increase of the flow rate improves the radiative attenuation. However, this study shows that a similar attenuation can be reached for different flow rates, suggesting that the droplet size diameter and the droplet volume fraction also play a significant role in the efficiency of the provided spray.
Use of segmental baffle in shell and tube heat exchanger for nano emulsions
Authors: Gugulothu Ravi , Sanke Narsimhulu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAmong the heat exchangers (HE), the shell and tube type is being widely used in different applications like oil, chemical, and power plant Industries. The incorporation of segmental baffles (SB) improves the HE capacity from higher temperature fluid to lower temperature fluid. Nanofluids can be effectively used to enhance the heat transfer rate. In this study, numerical simulations have been carried out in a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHX). Among HE design methods, Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA) standard is being used for better design by many researchers. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics analysis was carried out with Al2O3, CuO, and SiO2 nanofluids amid 1, 3, and 5 vol. % with water emulsion to enhance the heat transfer coefficient of STHX. The nanofluid has been used in the cold fluid of the HE and on the other side hot water is used. From the results, it is noticed that with the increase of Nanofluids, the value of heat transfer coefficients is found to be increasing. The overall heat transfer coefficient has been enhanced for Al2O3, CuO, and SiO2 about 10.41%, 12.27%, and 9.56%, respectively, at 0.22 kg/s for the 5 vol. % addition. It is also depicted that the pressure drop is increasing with the incorporation of nanofluids.
ERα inhibits mesenchymal and amoeboidal movement of liver cancer cell via Gα12
Authors: Yun Jessica , Kim Yun Seok , Heo Mi Jeong , Kim Min Joo , Moon Aree , Kim Sang Geon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cancer worldwide, demonstrating aggressiveness and mortality more frequently in men than in women. Despite reports regarding the inhibitory ability of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, ESR1) in certain cancer progression, targets and the basis of underlying gender disparity in HCC worsening remain elusive. Here, we report the ability of ERα to transcriptionally inhibit G protein subunit alpha 12 (Gα12) responsible for HCC worsening. First, using human samples and public database, the expression of ERα and Gα12 in HCC was examined. Then, quantitative real‐time PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation‐assay, luciferase assay and immunoblottings of liver cancer cell lines confirmed the inhibitory ability of ERα on Gα12 and HCC progression. Gα12 promoted mesenchymal characteristics and amoeboidal movement, which was antagonized by ERα overexpression. Additionally, we found microRNA‐141 and microRNA‐200a as downstream targets of the Gα12 signaling axis for cancer malignancy regulation under the control of ERα. As for in‐depth mechanism, PTP4A1 was found to be directly inhibited by microRNA‐141 and microRNA‐200a. Moreover, we found the inhibitory effect of ERα on amoeboidal movement by analyzing the morphology and blebbing of liver cancer cells and the active form of MLC levels. The identified targets and ESR1 levels are inversely correlated with human specimens, as well as with sex‐biased survival rates of HCC patients. Collectively, ERα‐dependent repression of Gα12 and consequent changes in the Gα12 signaling may explain the gender disparity in HCC, providing pharmacological clues for the control of metastatic HCC.
Transcriptional repression and apoptosis influence the effect of APOBEC3A/3B functional polymorphisms on biliary tract cancer risk
Authors: Liu Wenbin , Ji Hongxiang , Zhao Jun , Song Jiahui , Zheng Shaoling , Chen Lei , Li Peng , Tan Xiaojie , Ding Yibo , Pu Rui , Yin Jianhua , Han Xue , Cao Guangwen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAPOBEC3‐related somatic mutations are predominant in biliary tract cancers (BTCs). We aimed to elucidate the roles of APOBEC3A/3B functional polymorphisms and their influencing factors on the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and gallbladder cancer (GBC). Polymorphisms at the promoter regions of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B were genotyped in 3231 participants using quantitative PCR. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was applied to investigate the promoter activity. The difference in gene accessibility between CCA cells and GBC cells was analyzed through single‐cell transposase accessible chromatin sequencing. The effect of APOBEC3A on apoptosis was examined by cytometry. It is found that rs2267401‐G at the APOBEC3B promoter decreases CCA risk (age‐, gender‐adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51‐0.94) but increases GBC risk (AOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.35‐3.10). rs2267401‐G confers a decreased APOBEC3B promoter activity in CCA cells but an increased activity in GBC cells, possibly because the transcriptional repressor TFAP2A is over‐expressed in CCA. Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) increases the level of APOBEC3B via inhibiting TFAP2A expression rather than directly increasing the accessibility of APOBEC3B promoter. APOBEC3A promoter rs12157810‐C decreased the risks of CCA and GBC, with an AOR (95% CI) of 0.80 (0.66‐0.97) and 0.75 (0.59‐0.95), respectively. rs12157810‐C upregulated the promoter activity in both CCA and GBC cells. TNF‐α upregulated the activity of the APOBEC3A promoter with rs12157810‐C via increasing the accessibility of Ets‐1 p68. APOBEC3A overexpression attenuates cancer evolution by causing apoptosis, in contrast to APOBEC3B. The heterogeneity in the transcriptional regulation of APOBEC3B affects the evolutionary potential of cancer cells in the inflammatory microenvironment.
Ornithine decarboxylase functions in both autophagy and apoptosis in response to ultraviolet B radiation injury
Authors: Liu Yi‐Liang , Hsiao I‐Hsin , Lin Yen‐Hung , Lin Chih‐Li , Jan Ming‐Shiou , Hung Hui‐Chih , Liu Guang‐Yaw 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present a mechanism for how ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) regulates the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. In cancer cells, low‐intensity ultraviolet B (UVBL) induces autophagy while high‐intensity UVB (UVBH) induces apoptosis. Overexpression of ODC decreases UVBL‐induced autophagy by inhibiting Atg5‐Atg12 conjugation and suppressing the expression of autophagy markers LC3, Atg7, Atg12, and BECN1 proteins. In contrast, when ODC‐overexpressing cells are exposed to UVBH radiation, the levels of LC3‐II, Atg5‐Atg12 conjugate, BECN1, Atg7, and Atg12 increase, while the apoptosis marker cleaved‐PARP proteins decrease, indicating that ODC overexpression induced UVBH‐induced autophagy but inhibited UVBH‐induced cellular apoptosis. Additionally, when exposed to UVBH radiation, silencing BECN1, Atg5, and Atg12 genes results in a decrease in the level of LC3‐II proteins but an increase in the level of cleaved‐PARP proteins, and apoptotic bodies were significantly increased while autophagosomes were significantly decreased. These findings imply that ODC inhibits apoptosis in cells via the autophagy pathway. The role of Atg12 in ODC‐overexpressing cells exposed to UVBH radiation is investigated using site‐directed mutagenesis. Our results indicate that the Atg12‐D111S mutant has increased cell survival. The Atg12‐ΔG186 mutant impairs autophagy and enhances apoptosis. We demonstrate that when ODC‐overexpressing cells are silenced for the Atg12 protein, autophagy and apoptosis are strongly affected, and ODC‐induced autophagy protects against UVBH‐induced apoptosis via the Atg12 protein.
Growing future clinicians: Can the seeds of admission data determine success?
Authors: Sabato Emily , Perez Herminio , Jiang Shuying , DeMatteo Susan 
Published: January 2022

PurposeMost students entering dental school have outstanding academic credentials. Despite this, some students face academic difficulties throughout their dental education. The study investigates outcomes at the end of the first‐year and the end of the 4‐year curriculum.MethodsThis study reviewed data from 177 students in the entering classes of 2015 and 2016. The regression models included 156 students who completed the 4‐year curriculum on the traditional timeline.ResultsUndergraduate cumulative GPA had a significant association with dental school outcomes in 4‐year biomedical science GPA, translational science GPA, and clinical science GPA (increase of 0.31, 0.31, and 0.08 for a one‐unit increase in undergraduate GPA). A one‐unit increase in DAT was reflected in increased in first‐year biomedical science GPA, preclinical science GPA, and cumulative GPA (0.04, 0.06, and 0.10, respectively). Conversely, a one‐unit increase in failure or withdrawal from undergraduate courses was associated with decreases in first‐year biomedical science GPA, preclinical science GPA, and cumulative GPA (0.08, 0.09, and 0.08, respectively). The only significant relationship for clinical science (patient care) GPA was cumulative undergraduate GPA (0.08 increase per unit).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest students who are extremely strong academically in college will be strong throughout dental school and suggest benefits of targeted services for academically at‐risk students. Due to the limited association of admission records to clinical grades, the results support holistic admission processes.