bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ductile fracture behavior in micro-scaled progressive forming of Magnesium-Lithium alloy sheet
Authors: WANG Jilai , Xiao Zhifei , Wang Xin , Sun Yan , Sun Chaoyang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Micro-scaled progressive sheet metal forming is a promising process for producing bulk microparts, given itsadvantages of high efficiency and low cost. To enhance forming quality andefficiency, it is important to have an in-depth understanding of the forming mechanism andmodel the forming process and fracture behavior accurately. However, prediction of fracture formation in sheet materials at the micro scale has not yet been well explored, and thus current knowledgeis not sufficient to support the continued development and application of microforming technology. This study investigated progressive sheet forming of magnesium–lithium alloy sheets of different grain sizes to produce bulk microparts directly from sheet metal via shearing, extruding, piercing, and blanking. Using the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) damage model, the effects of the size factor on the formation and evolution of voids were considered, and the shear-modified GTN model was established by combining Thomason’s and Lemaitre's damage mechanics models. The modified model could predict not only the ductile fracture behavior dominated by tension under high stress triaxiality at the micro scale, but also the damage behavior controlled by shear deformation under low stress triaxiality. The progressive forming process was simulated using the modified model, which was verified by experimentation and simulation. Comparisons of the experiments and simulations revealed the size effects on the forming defects and fracture behaviors of microparts during progressive sheet forming. The results show that the stress during deformation is mainly concentrated at the edge of mircoparts, and irregular geometric defects include burr, rollover, incline, and bulge become deteriorated with the increase of the initial grain size. This study enhances the understanding and prediction of ductile fracture in the micro-scaled progressive forming of sheet metals.
Giardia Duodenalis Colonization Slightly Affects Gut Microbiota And Haematological Parameters In Clinically Healthy Dogs
Authors: Peruzzo Arianna , Vascellari Marta , Massaro Andrea , Mancin Marzia , Stefani Annalisa , Orsini Massimiliano , Danesi Patrizia , Petrin Sara , Carminato Antonio , Santoro Michele Matteo , Speranza Roberto , Losasso Carmen , Capelli Gioia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is a worldwide cause of acute diarrheal disease both in humans and in animals. Domestic dogs may either harbor the parasite subclinically or showing the infection typical clinical signs. However, because giardiosis is a recognized veterinary threat, testing for this agent is often performed when canine patients are presented to veterinarians. Usually, animals are treated with antiparasitic agents in case of positive test, regardless of the severity of enteric clinical signs. Here we report for the first time a study comparing two groups of clinically healthy German shepherd dogs differing for G. duodenalis colonization. Gut microbiota, the haematological, biochemical and faecal parameters related to the intestinal function were investigated. The results display a scenario in which G. duodenalis exerts an effect upon the gut microbiota affecting the proportion of few bacterial taxa known to be associated with improved lipids metabolism and protection from gut inflammation. This also suggest that the antiparasitic treatments that are usually administered to G. duodenalis positive dogs might be avoided in clinically healthy subjects, since the presence of G. duodenalis does not substantially modify the microbial ecology of the intestinal lumen nor the haematological markers of disease.
Synovial Membrane-derived Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells From Osteoarthritic Joints in Dogs Possess Lower Chondrogenic-, and Higher Osteogenic Capacity Compared to Normal Joints
Authors: Teunissen Michelle , Ahrens Nora , Snel Lianne , Narcisi Roberto , Kamali Amir , Osch Gerjo van , Meij Björn , Mastbergen Simon , Sivasubramaniyan Kavitha , Tryfonidou Marianna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (SM-MPCs) are a promising candidate for the cell-based treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) considering their in vitro and in vivo capacity for cartilage repair. However, the OA environment may adversely impact their regenerative capacity. There are no studies for canine (c)SM-MPCs that compare normal to OA SM-MPCs, even though dogs are considered a relevant animal model for OA. Therefore, this study compared cSM-MPCs from normal and OA synovial membrane tissue to elucidate the effect of the OA environment on MPC numbers, indicated by CD marker profile and colony-forming unit (CFU) capacity, and the impact of the OA niche on tri-lineage differentiation. Methods Normal and OA synovial membrane were collected from the knee joints of healthy dogs and dogs with rupture of the cruciate ligaments. The synovium was assessed by histopathological OARSI scoring and by RT-qPCR for inflammation/synovitis-related markers. Presence of cSM-MPCs in the native tissue was further characterized with flow cytometry, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry, using the MPC markers; CD90, CD73, CD44, CD271, and CD34. Furthermore, cells isolated upon enzymatic digestion were characterized by CFU capacity, and a population doublings assay. cSM-MPCs were selected based on plastic adherence, expanded to passage 2 and evaluated for the expression of MPC-related surface markers and tri-lineage differentiation capacity. Results Synovial tissue collected from the OA joints had a significantly higher OARSI score compared to normal joints, and significantly upregulated inflammation/synovitis markers S100A8/9, IL6, IL8 and CCL2. Both normal and OA synovial membrane contained cells displaying MPC properties, including a fibroblast-like morphology, CFU capacity, and maintained MPC marker expression over time during expansion. However, OA cSM-MPCs were unable to differentiate towards the chondrogenic lineage and had low adipogenic capacity in contrast to normal cSM-MPCs, whereas they possessed a higher osteogenic capacity. Furthermore, the OA synovial membrane contained significantly lower percentages of CD90+, CD44+, CD34+ and CD271+ cells.Conclusions The OA environment has adverse effects on the regenerative potential of cSM-MPCs, corroborated by decreased CFU, population doubling and chondrogenic capacity compared to normal cSM-MPCs. OA cSM-MPCs may be a less optimal candidate for the cell-based treatment of OA than normal cSM-MPCs.
Different methods for physical and chemical elimination of strobilurin fungicides from wastewater
Authors: Sheta Ahmed I. , Ayad Miriam F. , El-Kosasy Amira M. , Tawakkol Shereen M. , Fayed Ahmed S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Molecular imprinting was developed as a method for selective adsorption. This makes molecular imprinting, a good option for elimination of different environmental interferents especially from wastewater. However, bio-polymeric adsorbents e.g. calcium alginate and chitosan-calcium alginate beads were used in wastewater treatment in different occasions, molecular imprints were found to be of superior elimination capacity than natural adsorbents. Conditions for optimum elimination were concluded to be 4 hrs shaking (150 rpm) at room temperature and pH 10 for 1 g alginate beads to eliminate 210 mg pesticide, pH 4 or 10 for 1 g chitosan-alginate beads to eliminate 480 and 1140 mg pesticide, respectively. However, with the same conditions at pH range 2-8, each gram of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) could be used in elimination of 3290-3760 mg pesticide, and 1 g of molecularly imprinted resin (MIR) could eliminate 3280-3320 mg pesticide, which increased with increasing the shaking time to one day.Also, resins, either alone or in combination with graphene oxide (GO) succeeded to act as a photocatalyst in chemical degradation of more than 65% of strobilurins under visible light, with high elimination capacity.
Wear of micro diamond tool in ultra-precision turning under dry and minimum quantity lubrication conditions
Authors: Zong W J , Zhuang Guilin , Tang Yifu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cutting force and cutting heat are two main reasons for the wear of diamond tools. An effective way to reduce the cutting temperature is minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). To explore the effect of MQL on the cutting temperature, a calculation model for the cutting temperature of micro diamond tool under dry friction condition is established firstly by using the Fourier's law of heat conduction, through which the maximum temperature of the tool can be acquired. Regarding the boundary film as a layer of heat-conducting medium, a revised calculation model for the temperature distribution on tool rake face under MQL condition with different cutting fluids is further established. As expected, the wear volume of micro diamond tool can be successfully predicted by using the Usui wear rate model in response to different cutting fluids and different cutting distances. Finally, cutting experiments with different cutting fluids are performed to verify the established models. The experimental observations agree well with the theoretical prediction results. Such satisfactory consistency confirms that the cutting fluid with low viscosity can reduce the cutting temperature and inhibit tool wear effectively.
5-Fluorouracil induces an acute reduction in neurogenesis and persistent neuroinflammation in a mouse model of the neuropsychological complications of chemotherapy
Authors: Subramaniam Courtney Brooke , Wardill Hannah R. , Davies Maya R. , Heng Vivien , Gladman Marc A. , Bowen Joanne M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The neuropsychological symptoms of chemotherapy treatment remain a major challenge with their prevention hampered by insufficient understanding of pathophysiology. While long term neuroimmune changes have been identified as a hallmark feature shared by neurological symptoms, the exact timeline of mechanistic events preceding and driving neuroinflammation remain unclear. We therefore aimed to longitudinally characterise the neuroimmunological changes following systemic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to gain insight into the timeline of events preceding the well-documented chronic neuroinflammation seen following chemotherapy. Eighteen female C57Bl/6 mice received a single intraperitoneal dose of 5-FU and groups were killed at days 1 and 2 (acute timepoint), days 4 and 8 (subacute timepoint) as well as days 16 and 32 (chronic timepoint). A further six mice were used to control for the effect of ageing and stress, with tissues collected on day 1 and day 32. Levels of neurogenesis were determined through immunofluorescent staining of doublecortin (DCX). The activation of microglia and astrocytes were assessed using immunofluorescence staining of ionised calcium binding adaptor molecular-1 (Iba1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) respectively. 5-FU treatment caused significant decreases to DCX staining (p=0.0030) as well as increases in microglial activation in the prefrontal cortex (p=0.0256), CA3 region (p=0.0283) and dentate gyrus (p=0.0052) of the hippocampus at acute timepoints. Whereas astrocytic reactivity was observed across multiple brain regions at subacute and chronic timepoints. This study has identified acute objective neuroinflammatory changes suggesting that the role of early intervention should be explored to prevent the development of neuropsychological deficits following chemotherapy.
A Robust Embedded Load Cell Sensor for Tool Life Prognosis and Smart Sawing of Medium Carbon Steel
Authors: Jeng Yeau-Ren , Tsai Ping-Chi , Tseng Chien-Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An embedded load cell sensor is proposed for the tool life prognosis and thrust force control of a band saw machine. The sensor enables the tool life and surface quality of the machined workpiece to be effectively improved through the use of a single sensing device strategically located in the cutting machine. The feasibility of the proposed sensor is demonstrated experimentally using a double-column horizontal sawing machine with medium carbon steel bars as the workpiece material. An investigation is performed into the effects of the cutting force, feed rate, and machining time on the tool wear and surface roughness of the machined workpiece. It is shown that the thrust force, tool wear and surface roughness of the machined workpiece are strongly correlated and increase over time. Based on the experimental results, a feedback control system is proposed for maintaining a constant thrust force on the band saw during cutting under even the most challenging conditions. Overall, the results confirm that the embedded load cell sensor and force monitoring and control methodology proposed in the present study provide an effective approach for maintaining the optimal cutting conditions in the sawing of medium carbon steel and improving the tool life and machined part quality.
Cytomegalovirus Infection Is A Risk Factor For Venous Thromboembolism In ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Authors: King Catherine , Patel Rikesh , Mendoza Carmen , Walker Jessica K , Wu Eveline Y , Moss Paul , Morgan Matthew D , Bunch Donna O'Dell , Harper Lorraine , Chanouzas Dimitrios 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) and confers significant morbidity and mortality. Both acute and past cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection have been identified as risk factors for VTE in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals. Here we examine whether past exposure to CMV is a risk factor for VTE amongst patients with AAV.Methods: We retrospectively analysed outcomes of patients with a new diagnosis of AAV from a local cohort. All confirmed cases of VTE where CMV IgG serology was available at diagnosis were recorded. Retrospective collection of the same data for patients at a North American centre was used as a validation cohort.Results: VTE was common with 12% of patients from the study cohort (total 259 patients) developing an event during the median follow up period of 8.5 years of which 60% occurred within the first 12 months following diagnosis. 16% of CMV seropositive patients developed a VTE compared with 5% of patients who were seronegative (p=0.007) and CMV seropositivity remained an independent predictor of VTE in multivariable analysis (HR 2.96 [1.094-8.011] p=0.033). CMV seropositivity at diagnosis was confirmed as a significant risk factor for VTE in the American validation cohort (p=0.032).Conclusions: VTE is common in patients with AAV, especially within the first year of diagnosis. Past infection with CMV is an independent risk factor associated with VTE in AAV.
Fungal endophytes of Himalayan Cold Desert Induces Heat tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: S Arpitha P , N Earanna , S Shivashankara K , H Laxman R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The plants growing in cold desert of western Himalaya have inhabited diversified endophytes. These endophytes can provide fitness to plant under harsh environmental situations. In the current study, 22 fungal endophytes isolated from Artemisia and Xerophytic plants growing in the cold desert were screened for thermo-tolerance at different temperature ranges (28, 30 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 o C) under in vitro . The only three isolates viz ., A2, A7 and X5 exhibited growth up to 40 o C and identified as Penicilium funiculosum (A2), Ceriporia lacerate (A7) and Endomelanconiopsis endophytica (X5) using ITS region. These endophytes inoculated to rice seedlings and exposed to elevated temperature (45 ℃) for 7hr per day for 10 days to study their effect on tolerance of rice to heat stress. The results revealed that endophytes inoculated seedlings showed sustained improvement in shoot and root growth. In addition, endophytes significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency by regulating photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance as well as increased photosynthetic pigments compared to uninoculated seedlings. The E. endophytica was chosen to be the best endophyte to impart heat stress as per Fernandez model. This study suggested that cold desert endophytes could induce heat tolerance in plants.
LncRNA NORAD functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate KMT2D expression by targeting miR-204-5p in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhou Yan , Deng Zhenwei , Pan Ting , Chen Guohao , Cai Yongchang , Tang Yuxin , Wang Yijun , Wang Yucheng , Li Ruiping , Li Libo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs implicated in the development of many malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). Herein, we investigated the functions and molecular mechanisms of non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) in GC. Methods: NORAD expression at the mRNA levels was determined by qRT-PCR assay. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion was detected by CCK-8 assay, in vivo tumor formation assay and Transwell assay. NORAD location was detected by nucleocytoplasmic fractionation assay. The interaction between NORAD and miR-204-5p/KMT2D axis was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay. Results: NORAD was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. NORAD silencing repressed cell proliferation and G2/M cell cycle transition in GC. NORAD could act as a ceRNA of miR-204-5p and regulate KMT2D expression. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that NORAD played as an oncogene in GC, which might provide a new therapeutic target for the disease.
Effect on the Yield of Ginger As Intercropping With Different Crops.
Authors: Devkota Prabesh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ginger ( Zingiber officinale ) is one of the major high-value cash crops in Nepal. Low yield, conventional farming, and limited access to production resources such as improved cultivars, production technologies, and extension services are the existing problems of Nepali ginger farmers. In this study, we conducted intercropping of ginger with different crops. This research aimed to explore the appropriate ginger farming technology considering yield, income, and environment. The crops selected for intercropping were Maize [ Zea mays L.] (Cereal Crop), Chilli [ Capsicum annuum L.] (Spices or Cash Crop), Okra [ Abelmoschus esculentus L.] (Vegetable Crop) and Pigeon Pea [ Cajanus cajan L.] (Leguminous or Pulses) and as cultivated as duration of one season crops (i.e. 9 months). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The difference among the treatments on the yield of ginger was found to be non-significant. However, among all the treatments, yield from ginger and maize combination was highest at 22.7 kg followed by control i.e. ginger as a mono crop. The lowest yield was obtained from ginger with pigeon pea. The number of tillers/ clump and plant height was found to be significant. The highest number of tillers/ clump at 16.0 was in ginger and maize combination and lowest at 10.3 in ginger and pigeon pea combination. The height of the plant was highest at 70.0 cm in ginger and pigeon pea combination. The total return of ginger and companion crop was calculated at a recent market price. The total return was highest in ginger and okra combination at Rs. 3587 followed by ginger and maize combination at Rs. 3291.5. The lowest return was obtained from ginger (control) at Rs. 756.
Analytical solution of the steady Navier-Stokes equation for a fluid entrained by a rotating disk of finite radius using the apparatus of tunnel mathematics.
Authors: Shvydkyi O. G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As is known, if the nonlinear terms in the Navier-Stokes equations for a viscous fluid do not vanish identically then the solution of these equations presents great difficulties, and exact solutions can be obtained only in a very small number of cases. Concerning unsteady Navier-Stokes equation, T. Tao in his article [3] showed that it can have solutions which turn out infinite during finite time (blowup solutions). And if even finite solutions exist they are presented in view of infinite series, that is inconvenient for use in practice. That`s why it is reasonable to seek solutions of steady Navier-Stokes equation in view of elementary functions. Such possibility the equations of analyticity of functions of the spatial complex variable (shortly, the equations of tunnel mathematics) represent since all vector fields, including those obeying the Navier-Stokes equation, satisfy to them. The Navier-Stokes equations themselves are then applied for verification of obtained solutions and calculation the pressure.
The Antibody Dependant Neurite Outgrowth Modulation Response (ADNM)
involvement in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Capuz Alice , karnoub Mélodie-Anne , Osien Sylvain , Rose Melanie , meriaux Céline , Fournier Isabelle , devos David , Abeele Fabien Vanden , Rodet Franck , Cizkova Dasa , salzet Michel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) represents a major medical challenge. At present, there is still no cure to treat it efficiently and enable functional recovery at the level of cavity. Previously, we demonstrated that inflammation determine the fate of the physiopathology. In an attempt to decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in this process, we performed a meta-analysis of our spatio-temporal proteomic studies in time course of SCI. This highlighted the presence of IgG isotypes in both the tissues and secretome of spinal cord explants. These IgGs which were detected even if no SCI occurs in spinal cord, followed the time course and the spatial repartition with presence of IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses (a, b, c). IgG1 was clearly mostly abundant at 12h and switch in time course to IgG2a at 24h then stay predominant 3, 7 and 10 days after SCI. A protein related to IgM as well as a variable heavy chain were detected only 12h after lesion. Interestingly, RhoA inhibitor treatment influences the IgG isotypes switching preferentially to IgG2c. By transcriptomic analyses using data reuse of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons RNAseq datasets and RT-PCR experiments performed on cDNA from DRG sensory neurons (ND7/23 and dopaminergic neurons N27 cell lines), we confirmed expression of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains (constant and variable) encoding genes in neurons. We then identified CD16 and CD32b as their specific receptors in sensory neuron cell line ND7/23 and regulate neurites outgrowth. Therefore, we propose a new view of the spinal cord injury response involving an antibody dependent neurite outgrowth modulation (ADNM) which could be precursor of the neuroinflammatory response in pathological conditions.