bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast‐Charging Zn–Air Batteries with Long Lifetime Enabled by Reconstructed Amorphous Multi‐Metallic Sulfide
Authors: Wang Ansheng , Zhang Xilin , Gao Shan , Zhao Chunning , Kuang Siyu , Lu Shanshan , Niu Juntao , Wang Geng , Li Weifang , Chen Da , Zhang Haijun , Zhou Xiaomeng , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Bin , Wang Weichao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeveloping fast‐charging Zn–air batteries is crucial for widening their application but remains challenging owing to the limitation of sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and insufficient active sites of electrocatalysts. To solve this issue, a reconstructed amorphous FeCoNiSx electrocatalyst with high density of efficient active sites, yielding low OER overpotentials of 202, 255, and 323 mV at 10, 100, and 500 mA cm−2, respectively, is developed for fast‐charging Zn–air batteries with low charging voltages at 100–400 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the fabricated 3241.8 mAh (20 mA cm−2, 25 °C) quasi‐solid Zn–air battery shows long lifetime of 500 h at −10 and 25 °C as well as 150 h at 40 °C under charging 100 mA cm−2. The detailed characterizations combine with density functional theory calculations indicate that the defect‐rich crystalline/amorphous ternary metal (oxy)hydroxide forms by the reconstruction of amorphous multi‐metallic sulfide, where the electron coupling effect among multi‐active sites and migration of intermediate O* from Ni site to the Fe site breaks the scaling relationship to lead to a low theoretical OER overpotential of 170 mV, accounting for the outstanding fast‐charging property. This work not only provides insights into designing advanced OER catalysts by the self‐reconstruction of the pre‐catalyst but also pioneers a pathway for practical fast‐charging Zn–air batteries.
Vertical Growth of 2D Covalent Organic Framework Nanoplatelets on a Macroporous Scaffold for High‐Performance Electrodes
Authors: Jiang Yanqiu , Zhang Ziyang , Chen Di , Du Jigang , Yang Yuhao , Wang Song , Guo Fan , Chen Xinyu , Gao Chao , Wang Wen‐Jun , Liu Pingwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHierarchically structural engineering of electrodes is critical to achieving high energy density and high power density in electrochemical energy storage (EES). However, rational regulation of the mesoscopic structure that coordinates microscopic and macroscopic structural features simultaneously remains a significant challenge. Here, the construction of electrodes with well‐defined hierarchical pores spanning multiple length scales from 1 nm to 50 µm is reported. Vertically aligned 2D covalent organic framework (COF) nanoplatelets with a thickness around 30 nm are in situ grown on macroporous graphene aerogel scaffold by a reversible polycondensation‐termination strategy. The obtained electrode thus combines abundant accessible active sites and efficient transport expressways for both ions and electrons. When used for supercapacitors, a superior gravimetric capacitance of 289 F g−1 as well as outstanding capacitance retention at both high charge/discharge rates of 77% from 0.5 to 50 A g−1 and high mass loading of 74% from 1.2 to 10.4 mg cm−2 are achieved. Hierarchical engineering of mesostructured 2D COF units on the macroporous scaffold will bring unprecedented structural designability and performance enhancement for EES electrodes.
A flexible modeling approach for biomarker‐based computation of absolute risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia
Authors: Hartz Sarah M. , Mozersky Jessica , Schindler Suzanne E. , Linnenbringer Erin , Wang Junwei , Gordon Brian A. , Raji Cyrus A. , Moulder Krista L. , West Tim , Benzinger Tammie L. S. , Cruchaga Carlos , Hassenstab Jason J. , Bierut Laura J. , Xiong Chengjie , Morris John C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionAs Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers rapidly develop, tools are needed that accurately and effectively communicate risk of AD dementia.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from >10,000 cognitively unimpaired older adults. Five‐year risk of AD dementia was modeled using survival analysis.ResultsA demographic model was developed and validated on independent data with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for 5‐year prediction of AD dementia of 0.79. Clinical and cognitive variables (AUC = 0.79), and apolipoprotein E genotype (AUC = 0.76) were added to the demographic model. We then incorporated the risk computed from the demographic model with hazard ratios computed from independent data for amyloid positron emission tomography status and magnetic resonance imaging hippocampal volume (AUC = 0.84), and for plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 (AUC = 0.82).DiscussionAn adaptive tool was developed and validated to compute absolute risks of AD dementia. This approach allows for improved accuracy and communication of AD risk among cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Formation of CuMn Prussian Blue Analog Double‐Shelled Nanoboxes Toward Long‐Life Zn‐ion Batteries
Authors: Zeng Yinxiang , Xu Jianzhong , Wang Yan , Li Sheng , Luan Deyan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrussian blue analogs (PBAs) are promising candidates for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries due to their unique open‐framework structures. However, they suffer from limited capacity and severe capacity decay originating from insufficient redox sites and structural instability. Herein, Cu‐substituted Mn‐PBA double‐shelled nanoboxes (CuMn‐PBA DSNBs) prepared by tannic acid etching and cation exchange approaches are demonstrated for efficient Zn ion storage. The unique hollow structures can expose abundant active sites and alleviate the volume change during the cycling test. Moreover, partial Cu substitution and induced Mn vacancies might inhibit the Jahn–Teller distortions of Mn‐N6 octahedra, thus contributing to the prolonged lifespan. As a result, CuMn‐PBA DSNBs exhibit high reversible capacity, decent rate performance and superior cycling stability for 2000 cycles. Furthermore, ex situ characterizations reveal that the charge storage mechanism of CuMn‐PBA DSNBs mainly involves the reversible redox reactions of transition metals and Zn2+ ion insertion/extraction processes.
Reversible Copper Cathode for Nonaqueous Dual‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Mingliang , Sui Yiming , Sandstrom Sean K. , Wu Che‐Yu , Yang Hao , Stickle William , Luo Wei , Ji Xiulei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost reported cathodes of nonaqueous dual‐ion batteries (DIBs) host anions via insertion reactions. It is necessary to explore new cathode chemistry to increase the battery energy density. To date, transition metals have yet to be investigated for nonaqueous DIBs, albeit they may offer high capacity in anodic conversion reactions. Here, we report that bulk copper powder exhibits a high reversible capacity of 762 mAh g−1at 3.2 V vs. Li+/Li and relatively stable cycling in common organic electrolytes. The operation of the copper electrode is coupled with the transfer of anion charge carriers. An anion exchange membrane separator is employed to prevent Cu2+from crossing from the catholyte to the anode side. We designed an unbalanced electrolyte with a more concentrated anolyte than a catholyte. This addresses the concentration overpotential ensued during charge and facilitates the high specific capacity and enhanced reversibility. This finding provides a promising direction for high‐energy DIBs.
Hybrid Ionogel Electrolytes for Advanced Lithium Secondary Batteries: Developments and Challenges
Authors: Hu Yunhuan , Yu Le , Meng Tao , Zhou Sisi , Sui Xin , Hu Xianluo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIncidents in the use of lithium‐ion batteries are usually caused by the malfunction of flammable organic liquid electrolytes with poor thermal stability. Therefore, the development of noncombustible electrolytes is regarded as one of the most effective means to prevent the safety hazards of lithium‐ion batteries. Ionic liquids have attracted much interest recently, mainly due to their high ionic conductivity, low volatility, and incombustibility. The application of ionic liquids to the preparation of quasi‐solid‐state gel electrolytes combines the advantages of ionic liquids and avoids the risks of organic liquid electrolytes. Therefore, the solid‐state ionogels have been considered as a promising alternative electrolyte system, especially for the much‐desired energy storage devices with higher energy density and flexibility. This review focuses on the recent progress of ionogel electrolytes for lithium‐ion batteries. The preparation strategies for ionogel electrolytes based on different frameworks, namely inorganic matrix, organic matrix, and organic‐inorganic hybrid matrix, are discussed. Subsequently, efforts to improve the properties of the ionogel electrolytes, including the ionic conductivity, mechanical properties, and lithium‐ion transfer number, are summarized. Besides, the applications of ionogel electrolytes in high‐voltage lithium‐ion batteries and lithium metal batteries as well as the batteries under extreme environments are outlined. Finally, the perspectives on studying and improving the performances of ionogel electrolytes for advanced lithium‐ion batteries are provided.
Synthesis and Applications of TiO2‐based Nanostructures as Photocatalytic Materials
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Wei , Wang Dongliang , Li Guixian , Zhao Yu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTiO2photocatalysis, as an energy‐saving, high‐efficiency and green technology, has a wide range of applications in sewage treatment, cancer treatment, hydrogen production, photocatalytic CO2reduction and photocatalytic sensors. However, the large band width (Eg=3.2 eV) of TiO2material hinders its practical application, which in turn leads to low visible‐light utilization and low quantum yield. Therefore, the preparation of TiO2with high quantum yield and fast response to visible light has become a key topic in current photocatalyst research. This review discusses different photocatalytic applications, current synthetic techniques for the elaboration of nanostructures of several TiO2‐based materials and recent advances in enhancing visible photocatalytic activity.
A Novel Scheme to Improve the Stability of Conventional‐Concentration Electrolyte at High Voltage
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Jing , Wang Jie , Wu Shu‐Min , Wang Peng , Sun Jin‐Long , Zhao Dong‐Ni , Zhang Li‐Juan , Mao Li‐Ping , Niu Lei , Cui Xiao‐Ling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is well‐known that conventional‐concentration electrolytes (CCEs) will undergo serious oxidative decomposition in high‐voltage lithium‐ion batteries, while high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs) have good oxidation stability. However, HCEs are difficult to scale‐up for industrial applications due to their high viscosity and cost. Herein, based on the anti‐oxidation mechanism of HCE, a novel scheme to improve the stability of CCE at high voltage was proposed. By means of magnetron sputtering LiF on LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 surface and introducing LiPO2F2 additive, a stable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) film is constructed in CCE. AFM results show that the constructed CEI film in CCE has better mechanical strength and adhesion than that formed by HCE. Moreover, the battery performance with the constructed CEI film in CCE, which affords high stability at high voltage, fast‐charging kinetics, and improved cycling stability (135 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles), is comparable to that with HCE.
From Battery Manufacturing to Smart Grids: Towards a Metaverse for the Energy Sciences**
Authors: Franco Alejandro A. , Loup‐Escande Emilie , Loiseaux Goran , Chotard Jean‐Noël , Zapata‐Dominguez Diana , Ciger Jan , Leclere Aubin , Denisart Lucie , Lelong Romain 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present two digital‐based educative games aiming to engage students and the general public with battery sciences. The first one is a multiscale simulator in Mixed Reality of a battery‐powered Electric Vehicle (EV) interacting with an Electrical Grid. One of the players drives the EV in a Virtual Reality (VR) environment where the EV can be recharged, and the other players control the electricity produced, distributed, consumed and stored by interacting with 3D‐printed devices. The second educative game is a digital twin of a lithium ion battery manufacturing pilot line, which can be played from an Internet Browser or by using VR hardware. The key steps of the manufacturing process of cylindrical cells are represented in an interactive way. In this concept, we reviewed the working principles of our games, their implications for motivation, engagement and learning, and why they pave the way towards new ways of collaborative R&D in the battery field.
Systematic review of antitumour efficacy and mechanism of metformin activity in prostate cancer models
Authors: Wang Nan Fang , Jue Toni Rose , Holst Jeff , Gunter Jennifer H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetformin, the first line pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes has demonstrated favourable effects in prostate cancer (PCa) across a range of studies evaluating PCa patient outcomes amongst metformin users. However, a lack of rigorously conducted prospective studies has stalled clinical use in this setting. Despite multiple studies evaluating the mechanisms underpinning antitumour effects of metformin in PCa, to date, no reviews have compared these findings. This systematic review and meta‐analysis consolidates the mechanisms accounting for the antitumour effect of metformin in PCa and evaluates the antitumour efficacy of metformin in preclinical PCa studies. Data were obtained through Medline and EMBASE, extracted by two independent assessors. Risk of bias was assessed using the TOXR tool. Meta‐analysis compared in vivo reductions of PCa tumour volume with metformin. In total, 447 articles were identified with 80 duplicates, and 261 articles excluded based on eligibility criteria. The remaining 106 articles were assessed and 71 excluded, with 35 articles included for systematic review, and eight included for meta‐analysis. The mechanisms of action of metformin regarding tumour growth, viability, migration, invasion, cell metabolism, and activation of signalling cascades are individually discussed. The mechanisms by which metformin inhibits PCa cell growth are multimodal. Metformin regulates expression of multiple proteins/genes to inhibit cellular proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cellular invasion and migration. Published in vivo studies also conclusively demonstrate that metformin inhibits PCa growth. This highlights the potential of metformin to be repurposed as an anticancer agent, warranting further investigation of metformin in the setting of PCa.
The role of PAF in immunopathology: From immediate hypersensitivity reactions to fungal defense
Authors: Sánchez Crespo Mariano , Montero Olimpio , Fernandez Nieves 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlatelet‐activating factor (PAF, 1‐alkyl‐2‐acetyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorylcholine) was discovered when the mechanisms involved in the deposition of immune complex in tissues were being scrutinized in the experimental model of rabbit serum sickness. The initial adscription of PAF to IgE‐dependent anaphylaxis was soon extended after disclosing its release from phagocytes stimulated by calcium mobilizing agents, formylated peptides, and phagocytosable particles. This explains why ongoing research in the field turned to the analysis of immune cell types and stimuli involved in PAF production with the purpose of establishing its role in pathology. This was spurred by the identification of the chemical structure of PAF and the enzymic mechanisms involved in its biosynthesis and degradation, which showed commonalities with those involved in eicosanoid production and the Lands' cycle of phospholipid fatty acid remodeling. The reassignment of PAF function in immunopathology is explained by the finding that the most robust mechanisms leading to PAF production are associated with opsonic and non‐opsonic phagocytosis, depending on the cell type. While polymorphonuclear leukocytes exhibit opsonic phagocytosis, monocyte‐derived dendritic cells show a marked preference for non‐opsonic phagocytosis associated with C‐type lectin receptors. This is particularly relevant to the defense against fungal invasion and explains why PAF exerts an autocrine feed‐forwarding mechanism required for the selective expression of some cytokines.
PHF6 mutation is associated with poor outcome in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Huang Kexiu , Wang Lei , Zheng Yaling , Yue Chunyan , Xu Xuedan , Chen Hongbo , Huang Rui , Li Yuhua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionMutation of plant homeodomain finger protein 6 (PHF6) occurs in approximately 3% of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cases. Although it was reported to be associated with poor prognosis, it was not confirmed by other groups. Recently, propensity score matching has provided an effective way to minimise bias by creating two groups that are well balanced with respect to baseline characteristics, providing more convincing results, which has an advantage, especially for rare subtype studies. To provide further evidence on the role of PHF6 mutation, we performed a retrospective propensity score‐matched cohort study to assess the therapeutic responses and survival outcomes of AML patients with PHF6 mutation compared with those without PHF6 mutation after balancing age, sex and risk categories.Patients and MethodsA total of 22 patients with PHF6 mutation from 801 consecutive newly diagnosed AML cases in our center were identified, and 43 patients with the PHF6 wild‐type genotype were successfully matched at a 1:2 ratio.ResultsAML harbouring PHF6 mutation was associated with a lower complete remission (CR) rate (41% vs. 69%; OR = 3.64, 95% CI 1.10, 12.10; p = 0.035) and shorter median overall survival (OS) (6.0 vs. 39.0 months; p < 0.001) and event‐free survival (EFS) (2.0 vs. 11.0 months; p = 0.013) compared with PHF6 wild‐type patients. Further multivariate analysis supported that PHF6 mutation was an independent risk factor for overall survival in AML (HR = 8.910, 95% CI 3.51, 22.63; p < 0.001). In addition, allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) seemed to ameliorate the poor prognosis of AML with PHF6 mutation in this study.ConclusionOur data revealed that PHF6 mutation was associated with a lower chemotherapy response and shorter survival, suggesting that PHF6 mutation is a predictor of poor prognosis in AML.
Imaging and physician visits at cancer diagnosis: COVID ‐19 pandemic impact on cancer care
Authors: Fu Rui , Sutradhar Rinku , Li Qing , Hanna Timothy P. , Chan Kelvin K. W. , Coburn Natalie , Hallet Julie , Eskander Antoine ,   Pandemic–Ontario Collaborative in Cancer Research (POCCR)
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the COVID‐19 pandemic impact on the provision of diagnostic imaging and physician visits at cancer diagnosis.MethodsWe used administrative databases from Ontario, Canada, to identify MRI/CT/ultrasound scans and in‐person/virtual physician visits conducted with cancer patients within 91 days around the date of diagnosis in 2016–2020. In separate segmented regression procedures, we assessed the trends in weekly volume of these services per thousand cancer patients in prepandemic (June 26, 2016 to March 14, 2020), the change in mean volume at the start of the pandemic, and the additional change in weekly volume during the pandemic (March 15, 2020, to September 26, 2020).ResultsTotally, 403,561 cancer patients were included. On March 15, 2020 (COVID‐19 arrived), mean scan volume decreased by 12.3% (95% CI: 6.4%–17.9%) where ultrasound decreased the most by 31.8% (95% CI: 23.9%–37.0%). Afterward, the volume of all scans increased further by 1.6% per week (95% CI: 1.3%–2.0%), where ultrasound increased the fastest by 2.4% (95% CI: 1.8%–2.9%). Mean in‐person visits dropped by 47.4% when COVID‐19 started (95% CI: 41.6%–52.6%) while virtual visits rose by 55.15‐fold (95% CI: 4927%‐6173%). In the pandemic (until September 26, 2020), in‐person visits increased each week by 2.6% (95% CI: 2.0%–3.2%), but no change was observed for virtual visits (p ‐value = 0.10).ConclusionsProvision of diagnostic imaging and virtual visits at cancer diagnosis has been increasing since the start of COVID‐19 and has exceeded prepandemic utilization levels. Future work should monitor the impact of these shifts on quality of delivered care.
Millennials' changing mobility preferences: A telecommuting case in Istanbul
Authors: Erdoğdu Ayşe İrem , Watson Forrest 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDaily mobility behaviors, especially in cities with high traffic density, are among the most fundamental drivers of quality of life. Obligatory commuting necessitates individuals sacrificing their time, money, and geographic freedom to ensure their mobility. The personal cost of fatigue, stress, and environmental cost of carbon emissions is likewise substantial. The COVID‐19 pandemic led to a widespread shift to telecommuting. The pandemic has permitted an unprecedented opportunity to study Millennials' attitudes towards commuting and telecommuting. A semi‐structured interview method was used with Millennial (now the largest percentage of the workforce) white‐collar (disproportionately able to do their work remotely) workers living in the megacity of Istanbul to understand how telecommuting has altered consumer commuting habits, values, preferences, and well‐being. The results of this study show that Millennial white‐collar workers in Istanbul see compulsory commuting as a waste of time, a stress factor, and an unwanted task. The shift towards telecommuting lowered the Millennials' tolerance for traffic and long commutes and reveals willingness for immobility at peak hours and appreciation of spatial independence as a lifestyle that increases quality of life. The need for understanding transport decisions has never been more pressing with the growth of megacities and the climate change crisis. This research has important implications for white‐collar employees and their employers, as well as academics and public policy makers, who seek to understand mobility preferences and lifestyles of different generations and the environmental implications in a dynamic environment.
Self‐Assembled Peptide Hydrogel for Accelerated Wound Healing: Impact of N‐Terminal and C‐Terminal Modifications
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Tomar Shruti , Puri Sanjeev , Wangoo Nishima 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWound dressings are required to provide a moist environment for wounds, protect against invading infections, expedite tissue regeneration, and improve wound healing efficiency. Developing biomaterials with all aforesaid properties is still a big challenge. However, peptide‐based hydrogels have the potential to overcome these challenges as they are biocompatible, biodegradable as well as have the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix and provide an appropriate moist environment which is important for wound healing. With this in mind, we report the preparation and comparison of three hexapeptide‐based hydrogels, LIVAGD, with the aim to understand the importance of the N‐terminal protecting group as well as the C‐terminal amino acid substitution on its various biological efficacies. Fmoc and acetyl groups were used for N‐terminal peptide protection, while aspartic acid was substituted with lysine at the C‐terminus. The resulting peptide‐based hydrogels were compared. Fmoc peptide‐based hydrogels exhibited efficient anti‐inflammatory action along with improved biocompatibility while lysine provided enhanced antibacterial effect to the hydrogel. Additionally, in vivo efficacy was examined using a mouse model, and Fmoc hydrogels demonstrated an improved wound healing ability with ∼40 % faster healing rate in comparison to the reported acetylated peptide hydrogels.