bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CTLA-4-Ig internalizes CD80 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from chronic inflammatory arthritis mouse model
Authors: Miura Yoko , Isogai Shyuntaro , Maeda Shinji , Kanazawa Satoshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
CD80 molecules interact with CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) on antigen-presenting cells, and function in the co-stimulatory signaling that regulates T cell activity. CTLA-4-Ig, a fusion of CTLA-4 and an immunoglobulin Fc fragment, is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by blocking co-stimulatory signaling. We analyzed the therapeutic effect of CTLA-4-Ig in a mouse model of RA, in which CD80 was expressed in chondrocytes and synovial cells of joints.
Methods
Chronic inflammatory arthritis was induced in D1BC mice using low-dose arthritogenic antigens and treated with CTLA-4-Ig three times a week, from weeks 3 to 10 after the first induction. The progression of inflammatory arthritis was monitored using clinical scores. We performed histopathology of the joints and lymph nodes, serological examination for rheumatoid factors, and flow cytometric analysis of isolated synovial cells, including CD45- fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and CD45+ synovial macrophages.
Results
CTLA-4-Ig treatment ameliorated the chronic inflammatory polyarthritis. There was a decrease in the number of infiltrating lymphoid cells in the joints as well as in the levels of RF-IgG associated with a decrease in the number of B cells in the lymph nodes; more than 15% of CD45− FLSs expressed CD80, and a small number of them expressed PD-L1, indicating the presence of PD-L1/CD80 cis-heterodimers in these cells. CTLA-4-Ig internalized CD80, but not PD-L1, in isolated synovial cells. Gene ontology analysis revealed that CTLA-4-Ig internalization did not significantly alter the expression of inflammation-related genes.
Conclusions
The therapeutic effect of CTLA-4-Ig appears to extend beyond the lymph nodes into the inflamed synovial compartment through the synergistic inactivation of T cells by the CD80 and PD-L1 axes.
Thermonuclear Reaction Rate of 3He(α;γ)7Be Process
Authors: Khoddam Maryam , Sadeghi Hossein , Nahidinezhad Shahla 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The reaction rate of 3He - α radiation capture process has been calculated in astrophysical energies using the pionless Effective Field Theory (EFT) using the Faddeev equation approach up to Next-to Leading Order (NLO) while taking Coulomb interaction into account. The findings for the E1 and E2 transitions to the 7Be ground state have been normalized using NACRE 1999 experimental data and compared to certain theoretical and experimental data.
Metagenomic sequencing analysis of bacterial biodiversity in the treatment of surplus sludge and chicken manure mixtures by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Qi , He Shuang , Zhang Luyan , Qiao Liang , Ding Cheng , Yuan Ye , Wang Feihong , Chen Tianming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The disposal of combined organic waste by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) has drawn broad attention. However, changes of microflora during the treatment are lacking. In this study, livestock manure and surplus sludge were chosen as the target organic waste due to their wide produced in breeding industry and water treatment industry. Black solider fly (BSF) larvae were used to treat the mixture of chicken manure and surplus sludge for a week. Bacterial biodiversity of BSF larvae production residues were investigated with metagenomic sequencing technology to identify specific flora. The change trend of BSF larvae production residue derived from the mixture of chicken manure and surplus were closer to that resulting from chicken manure. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes are the main bacteria in phylum level with the content of 75.39%,14.63%,5.69% and 2.42% in abundance. Bacilli were the major bacteria with 71.61% in class level. Pseudogracilibacillus(11.08%), Virgibacillus(9.86%) and Oceanobacillus(6.39%) were the key component in Bacilli. Erysipelotrichales as the probiotics of insect, also as pathogenic bacteria to poultry and human were found massive proliferation with the abundance of 2.71%. Overall, BSF has proved to be a sustainable management for organic waste by reducing its amount and whether the BSF larvae production residue can be used as organic fertilizer directly was controversial result from the bacterial biodiversity analysis.
Development of tubewell irrigation and its impact on farmer’s socio- economic condition of Dakshin Dinajpur district, West Bengal
Authors: Halder Manik , Roy Doli , Paul Ripom 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Irrigation is a significant indicator to increase agricultural production. It also shapes the socio-economic status of farmers to some extent. Hence, Irrigated water has to use efficiently and judiciously. In this paper, an attempt has been made to show the spatial variation in the level of irrigation development of tube wells. Besides, an effort has been made to show the impact of tube well irrigation on farmers’ socio-economic status. To do so a cost-benefit analysis has been done. The present study is based on both primary and secondary sources of data. A positive relation has been found between tube well irrigated area and total irrigated area as changes in tube well irrigated area has influences on the overall irrigation system in the district. Hili block has the highest percentage of area under tube well irrigation. While Tapan block has the lowest percentage of tube well irrigated area. The key occupation of the study area is agriculture. The farmers of the study area are poorly represented in education as the majority of them have an education of upper primary level. A positive impact of tube well irrigation has been seen on farmers’ income through cost-benefit analysis.
Long-term variability of impulse Oscillometry and Spirometry in stable COPD and Asthma
Authors: Guo Jian , Xu Jianhua , Sun Xingxing , Zhu Hanqing , Cao Yuan , Pudasaini Bigyan , Yang Wenlan , Liu Jinming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: While optimizing spirometry is a challenge for all lung function labs, long-term variability is not known in stable COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and chronic asthma. The forced oscillation technique is increasingly employed in routine lung function testing. Our aim in this study was to determine the variability in oscillometric parameters between clinic visits over weeks or months in two patient groups during a period of clinical stability (asthma patients and COPD patients). Moreover, the research assesses relationships between IOS (impulse oscillometry) parameter long-term variability and COPD severity.Methods: We used data from 73 patients with stable COPD and 119 patients with stable asthma at the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University. Patients were included if they had three or more clinic visits where spirometry and IOS were performed during a clinically stable period. Only data recorded from the first three visits were used. The standard deviation (SDbv), the coefficient of variation (COV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of repeatability (COR) were calculated, Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test was used for data that did not conform to normality of distributions, Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare with multiple groups, post hoc comparison was analyzed by Bonferroni, Spearman correlation coefficients for non-parametric data, the multiple regression analyses to determine the relationship between long-term variability and airflow obstruction.Results: 1. the repeatability of IOS parameters were high (>0.80) ICC values in COPD and asthma, ICC values of IOS parameters were higher than for spirometry; 2. repeatability (ICC valve<0.8) of spirometry parameters was lower than IOS parameters (ICC valve>0.8) in different GOLD (the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) stage, and the higher the stage, the worse the repeatability; 3. the severity of airflow obstruction was correlated with long-term variability of R5 (R at 5 Hz) (P<0.05) and R5-R20 (P<0.05), not with long-term variability of R20 (R at 20 Hz) (P>0.05).Conclusion: IOS parameters have good long-term repeatability in asthma and COPD. Additionally, variability is different between diseases and GOLD stages, repeatability of spirometry parameters is lower than that in IOS parameters in different GOLD stages. The greater the long-term variability seen in COPD is associated with airflow obstruction.
Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Yao people in Gongcheng County, Guangxi, China
Authors: Lu Zhaocen , Chen Hailing , Lin Chunrui , Ou Gui , Li Junsheng , Xu Weibin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County (Gongcheng) is typical for the Yao people in northeastern Guangxi, southern China. The Yao people have a long history of using medicinal plants. In this study, we used ethnobotanical methods to collect traditional knowledge regarding herbal medicines in Gongcheng. Our study provides fundamental data for developing and applying local ethnic medicines and their protection.
Methods
Ethnobotanical data were collected from 103 villages in nine townships from 2014 to 2018 in Gongcheng. A total of 352 informants (279 male and 73 female) were interviewed through semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews, and guided field walks. All the informants were local inhabitants aged between 28 and 101 years of age, of which 40 key informants were selected based on the recommendations of knowledgeable elders and local medical institutions. The informant consensus factor (ICF) was used to evaluate the degree and importance of differences in medicinal plant species and calculated the relative frequencies of citation (RFC) for the recorded medicinal plants.
Results
Data from 352 local healers were collected for the study. The Guanyin and Sanjiang townships had the highest distribution of per capita healers (Pch), while the Gongcheng, Lianhua, and Ping'an townships were relatively lower. Of the 352 local healers, more than half were older than 60 years of age, and therefore faced the problem of suitable successors and potential loss of traditional medicinal knowledge. There are 12 types of diseases treated by local healers in the study area, and most of the types had a high ICF value. The highest ICF (0.80) was reported for digestive system disease, followed by urinary system disease (0.78) and nervous system disease (0.77). Traumatic injury and orthopedics, digestive system, and rheumatic disease are the most common ailments. The RFC value calculated in 33 medicinal plant species (with an FC of more than 5) ranged from 0.024 to 0.056. The higher RFC values included Kadsura longipedunculata, Schefflera heptaphylla, Plantago asiatica, etc. The most commonly used medicinal method was decoction; plasters, creams, and some form of moxibustion and cupping skills were locally practiced, but only rarely. The local healers used 306 medicinal plant species (116 families and 255 genera). Herbal plants were most commonly used among these, with whole plants and roots being favored.
Conclusion
The Yao people are highly skilled at using medicinal plants to treat various diseases in Gongcheng. Their treatment methods are varied, convenient, and efficient. Due to the impact of urbanization and economic development, knowledge of traditional medicine is under threat, with declining numbers of local healers and a lack of suitable successors. In order to protect and inherit Yao's traditional medicinal knowledge, it is necessary to educate young healers, and to protect biodiversity.
Use of botulinum toxin type A associated with nonthermal microneedling for treating erythematoustelangiectatic rosacea: case report
Authors: Soares Andressa Dall’agnol , Antunes Flavia Tasmin Techera , Martins Marcia Gerhardt 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Treatments for rosacea control the pathology for a short period of time, requiring daily maintenance with topical and oral cosmetics. This research aimed to report the result of treatment with microneedling associated with botulinum toxin type A in a 37-years old female affected by erythematoustelangiectatic rosacea. The procedure consisted in applying botulinum toxin type A (100 UI diluted in 4 ml of saline, via drug delivery), with the electric nonthermal microneedling device. It was performed in 2 sessions, with an interval of 15 days. The evaluation was done 45 days after the first session through the Evaluation Form facial, photographs, quality of life questionnaire – RosaQol, and evaluation by CEA (Clinician Erythema Assessment). As a result, improvements were observed in skin texture, in the flushing and in the participant's quality of life. It was concluded that the technique improved the appearance of rosacea flushing, as well as a decrease in telangiectasias. Still, more studies and practical research are needed to determine the number of sessions and on the adjusted amount of A botulinum toxin used in the therapeutic correlated to the rosacea severity.
Prostate cancer therapy personalization via multi-modal deep learning on randomized phase III clinical trials
Authors: Esteva Andre , Feng Jean , Wal Douwe van der , Huang Shih-Cheng , Simko Jeffry P , DeVries Sandy , Chen Emmalyn , Schaeffer Edward M , Morgan Todd M , Sun Yilun , Ghorbani Amirata , Naik Nikhil , Nathawani Dhruv , Socher Richard , Michalski Jeff M. , III Mack Roach , Pisansky Thomas M. , Monson Jedidiah M. , Naz Farah , Wallace James , Ferguson Michelle J. , Bahary Jean-Paul , Zou James , Lungren Matthew , Yeung Serena , Ross Ashley E. , Consortium NRG Prostate Cancer AI , Sandler Howard M. , Tran Phuoc T. , Spratt Daniel E. , Pugh Stephanie , Feng Felix Y. , Mohamad Osama 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer death. Determining a patient’s optimal therapy is a challenge, where oncologists must select a therapy with the highest likelihood of success and the lowest likelihood of toxicity. International standards for prognostication rely on non-specific and semi-quantitative tools, commonly leading to over- and under-treatment. Tissue-based molecular biomarkers have attempted to address this, but most have limited validation in prospective randomized trials and expensive processing costs, posing substantial barriers to widespread adoption. There remains a significant need for accurate and scalable tools to support therapy personalization. Here we demonstrate prostate cancer therapy personalization by predicting long-term, clinically relevant outcomes using a multimodal deep learning architecture and train models using clinical data and digital histopathology from prostate biopsies. We train and validate models using five phase III randomized trials conducted across hundreds of clinical centers. Histopathological data was available for 5,654 of 7,764 randomized patients (71%) with a median follow-up of 11.4 years. Compared to the most common risk stratification tool—risk groups developed by the National Cancer Center Network (NCCN)—our models have superior discriminatory performance across all endpoints, ranging from 9.2–14.6% relative improvement in a held-out validation set. This artificial intelligence-based tool improves prognostication over standard tools and allows oncologists to computationally predict the likeliest outcomes of specific patients to determine optimal treatment. Outfitted with digital scanners and internet access, any clinic could offer such capabilities, enabling global access to therapy personalization.
Complexions and stoichiometry of the 60.8°//[100](011) symmetrical tilt grain boundary in Mg2SiO4 forsterite: A combined empirical potential and first-principles study
Authors: Furstoss Jean , Hirel Pierre , Carrez Philippe , Cordier Patrick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work we explore the low-energy complexions of the symmetrical tilt grain boundary (GB) 60.8°//[100](011) in forsterite through molecular dynamics and first principles calculations. Using a conservative sampling, we find six stoichiometric complexions with energies ranging from 0.66 to 1.25 J/m2. We investigate the segregation of MgO vacancy pairs, and find that in most cases it is more favorable for the vacancies to lie within the GBs than in the surrounding crystals, leading to new atomic structures. From these results we infer that at finite temperature when vacancies are present in the system, GBs are likely to absorb them and to be non-stoichiometric. We find many GB complexions containing a free oxygen ion, which may have profound implications for geological processes.
Genetic characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from household water sources in northern Ghana
Authors: Kichana Elvis , Addy Francis , Dufailu Osman Adamu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The microbial quality of household water is an important issue in developing countries, especially in Ghana, where many people still depend on unimproved sources of water. The present study investigated the prevalence, genetic characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli from surface water sources. Fifty-two water samples were analyzed by using a spread plate, a biochemical test, and multiplex polymerase chain reactions. E. coli was isolated from each of the 52 water samples. Of these isolates, 75% were noted to possess virulence genes. Approximately 54% of the isolates were characterized as follows: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC, 10.26%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC, 17.95%), verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC, 23.07%), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC, 2.57%). Eighteen of the fifty-two isolates could not be characterized due to heterogeneity in banding. The disc diffusion method was used to test for antimicrobial susceptibility. The isolates were most resistant to ceftazidime, augmentin, and cefuroxime. Multidrug resistance was recorded in 48.1% of the isolates. In contrast, the isolates were most susceptible to ciprofloxacin (86.5%), nitrofurantoin (84.6%), and ofloxacin (75%). These results revealed a high diversity and widespread of E. coli in northern Ghana. The study provides important data for public health nationwide surveillance of E. coli in surface water across the country.
Development and evaluation of a water quality index for groundwater quality assessment in parts of Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Ghoderao Sudesh Bhaskar , Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye , Meshram Chandrashekhar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Groundwater is an important source for drinking water supply in Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh, India. An attempt has been made in this work to understand the suitability of groundwater for human consumption. The parameters of pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Sulphate (SO4), Iron (Fe), Nitrate (NO3), Chloride (Cl), Total Hardness (TH), Total Alkalinity (TA), and Sodium (Na) were analyzed to estimate the groundwater quality. The water quality index (WQI) has been applied to categorize the water quality, which is quite useful to infer the quality of water for the people and policy makers in the concerned area. The WQI in the study area ranges from 17.90 to 176.88. According to the WQI rating, sites 1, 3, and 4 are not appropriate for drinking water or have low water quality and site 2 has moderate drinking condition, whereas site 5 has excellent drinking condition. The current study suggests that the groundwater of the area with deteriorated water quality needs treatment before consumption.
HIGHLIGHTS WQI values in sites 1, 3 and 4 are 106.99, 176.88, 161.25, showing that the groundwater is not suitable for drinking purposes. WQI value in site 5 is 17.90, showing that water is fit for drinking purposes. Principal component analysis reveals that four parameters are responsible for the high values of WQI. The outcome of the study will be helpful in formulating effective drinking water management measures for residents in the Jabalpur region, India.
Mainstream short-cut N removal modelling: current status and perspectives
Authors: Kirim Gamze , McCullough Kester , Bressani-Ribeiro Thiago , Domingo-Félez Carlos , Duan Haoran , Al-Omari Ahmed , De Clippeleir Haydee , Jimenez Jose , Klaus Stephanie , Ladipo-Obasa Mojolaoluwa , Mehrani Mohamad-Javad , Regmi Pusker , Torfs Elena , Volcke Eveline I. P. , Vanrolleghem Peter A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work gives an overview of the state-of-the-art in modelling of short-cut processes for nitrogen removal in mainstream wastewater treatment and presents future perspectives for directing research efforts in line with the needs of practice. The modelling status for deammonification (i.e., anammox-based) and nitrite-shunt processes is presented with its challenges and limitations. The importance of mathematical models for considering N2O emissions in the design and operation of short-cut nitrogen removal processes is considered as well. Modelling goals and potential benefits are presented and the needs for new and more advanced approaches are identified. Overall, this contribution presents how existing and future mathematical models can accelerate successful full-scale mainstream short-cut nitrogen removal applications.
Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolic Events in Elective Total Hip and Total
Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Karasavvidis Theofilos , Bouris Vasileios , Xiang William , Tzavellas Georgios , Charisis Nektarios , Palaiodimos Leonidas , Kigka Vassiliki , Bourantas Christos V. , Gkiatas Ioannis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication after major orthopaedic operations, such
as a total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty. Therefore, perioperative VTE prophylaxis is recommended;
a multitude of modern options are available, including both pharmacologic (aspirin, unfractionated and lowmolecular-weight heparin, vitamin K antagonists, and novel oral anticoagulants) and/or mechanical interventions (early mobilization, graduated compression stockings, intermittent pneumatic compression devices, and
venous foot pumps). However, because of the abundance of these possibilities, it is crucial to understand the
benefits and drawbacks of each VTE prophylaxis option to ensure that the optimal treatment plan is developed
for each patient. The American College of Chest Physicians (AACP) and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) have both published individual guidelines on VTE prophylaxis regimens, alongside numerous studies evaluating the efficacy and outcomes of the different prophylaxis modalities. The purpose of
this review is to provide a summary of the evidence on VTE prophylaxis after elective total hip and knee arthroplasty based on current guidelines and highlight the major concerns and potential complications.
Interaction of Vitamin D and Corticosteroid Use in Hospitalized COVID-19
Patients: A Potential Explanation for Inconsistent Findings in the Literature
Authors: Efird Jimmy T. , Anderson Ethan J. , Jindal Charulata , Suzuki Ayako 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Vitamin D is an important immune-modulator with anti-inflammatory properties. While this prohormone
has been studied extensively in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, findings have been inconsistent
regarding its overall benefit in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Most studies to date have been observational
in nature, not accounting for the use of corticosteroids. Furthermore, the few randomized clinical
trials designed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 outcomes have been relatively
small and thus insufficiently powered to assure a balance of corticosteroid use between study arms. The current
perspective addresses the interaction of vitamin D and corticosteroids as a potential explanation for the divergent
results reported in the literature. Future research on vitamin D and COVID-19 will benefit by considering
this interaction, especially among hospitalized patients requiring oxygen and mechanical ventilation.