bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The memory sources of dreams: serial awakenings across sleep stages and time of night
Authors: Picard-Deland Claudia , Konkoly Karen , Raider Rachel , Paller Ken A , Nielsen Tore , Pigeon Wilfred R , Carr Michelle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMemories of waking-life events are incorporated into dreams, but their incorporation is not uniform across a night of sleep. This study aimed to elucidate ways in which such memory sources vary by sleep stage and time of night. Twenty healthy participants (11 F; 24.1 ± 5.7 years) spent a night in the laboratory and were awakened for dream collection approximately 12 times spread across early, middle, and late periods of sleep, while covering all stages of sleep (N1, N2, N3, REM). In the morning, participants identified and dated associated memories of waking-life events for each dream report, when possible. The incorporation of recent memory sources in dreams was more frequent in N1 and REM than in other sleep stages. The incorporation of distant memories from over a week ago, semantic memories not traceable to a single event, and anticipated future events remained stable throughout sleep. In contrast, the relative proportions of recent versus distant memory sources changed across the night, independently of sleep stage, with late-night dreams in all stages having relatively less recent and more remote memory sources than dreams earlier in the night. Qualitatively, dreams tended to repeat similar themes across the night and in different sleep stages. The present findings clarify the temporal course of memory incorporations in dreams, highlighting a specific connection between time of night and the temporal remoteness of memories. We discuss how dream content may, at least in part, reflect the mechanisms of sleep-dependent memory consolidation.
Effect of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray intake on in vivo methane (CH4) emission and milk production in dual-purpose cows in the Colombian Amazonian piedmont
Authors: Rivera Julián Esteban , Villegas Gonzalo , Chará Julian , Durango Sandra G , Romero Miguel A , Verchot Louis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The inclusion of Tithonia diversifolia in pasture-based diets is a promising alternative to increase bovine productivity, due to its chemical composition and wide adaptation, but there are few in vivo studies to determine its effect on methane yield and animal production in grazing systems. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the T. diversifolia inclusion in a basal diet of Brachiaria humidicola on methane (CH4) emissions by enteric fermentation, and on milk yield and quality in dual-purpose cows. The polytunnel technique was used for the determination of methane yield and two diets were evaluated (Diet 1: Brachiaria humidicola 100%; Diet 2: T. diversifolia 15% + B. humidicola 85% dry matter basis) in the moderate rainy and rainy seasons using a cross-over experimental design; milk production was measured by daily milk weighing, and milk quality was determined using a LACTOSCAN analyzer. The inclusion of T. diversifolia did not increase the dry matter intake (P = 0.369), but increased the intake of crude protein and minerals, and reduced fiber intake, resulting in the increased yield of milk and its components in the moderate rainy season (P = 0.012). The inclusion of T. diversifolia reduced the absolute CH4 emissions (P = 0.016), Ym and emission intensity (per unit of fat, protein and kilogram fat and protein corrected milk yields) both in the moderate rainy and rainy seasons (P &lt; 0.05). We conclude that the inclusion of T. diversifolia in the forage feed base in the humid tropics such as the Amazon piedmont can be used as a tool to both mitigate enteric CH4 emissions and to increase animal productivity and hence reduce emissions intensity, and thus reduce pressure on the agricultural frontier in critical areas such as the Amazon.
Comparing the yield and nutritional value of ensiled amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) cultivars with corn silage (Zea mays) in doublecropping condition
Authors: Hosseini Sayed Ahmad , Rouzbehan Yousef , Fazaeli H , Rezaei Javad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Yield, chemical composition, and fermentation variables were compared for amaranth silages (AMS) from five cultivars (A5, A12, A14, A28, and Maria) and corn (Zea mays; CS). In vitro methane production, organic matter disappearance, microbial protein, ammonia-N concentration, volatile fatty acid levels, cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa populations, and in situ dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability were evaluated. All crops were harvested when the plant was at the mid-milk line stage, then chopped, placed in sealed 5 L plastic bags and stored for 60 days. Data analysis was carried out using the PROC MIXED method of SAS with a randomized complete block design. The mean DM forage yield of CS was higher than the average DM yield of the amaranth cultivars (P &lt; 0.001). In comparison with CS, the AMS had higher CP, lignin, ether extract, ash, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, total phenolics and metabolizable protein (P &lt; 0.001), but had lower DM, neutral detergent fiber, non-fiber carbohydrates, organic matter disappearance, lactic acid (P &lt; 0.01) and in vitro methane production (P = 0.001). The AMS had higher (P &lt; 0.01) pH, ammonia-N concentration, in vitro microbial protein, in situ digestible undegradable protein, and metabolizable protein compared to CS. Overall, in comparison to CS, the amaranths produced a silage of medium-quality.
Identifying high-confidence variants in human cytomegalovirus genomes sequenced from clinical samples
Authors: Camiolo Salvatore , Hughes Joseph , Baldanti Fausto , Furione Milena , Lilleri Daniele , Lombardi Giuseppina , Angelini Micol , Gerna Giuseppe , Zavattoni Maurizio , Davison Andrew J , Suárez Nicolás M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Understanding the intrahost evolution of viral populations has implications in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment and has recently made impressive advances from developments in high-throughput sequencing. However, the underlying analyses are very sensitive to sources of bias, error, and artefact in the data, and it is important that these are addressed adequately if robust conclusions are to be drawn. The key factors include (1) determining the number of viral strains present in the sample analysed; (2) monitoring the extent to which the data represent these strains and assessing the quality of these data; (3) dealing with the effects of cross-contamination; and (4) ensuring that the results are reproducible. We investigated these factors by generating sequence datasets, including biological and technical replicates, directly from clinical samples obtained from a small cohort of patients who had been infected congenitally with the herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus, with the aim of developing a strategy for identifying high-confidence intrahost variants. We found that such variants were few in number and typically present in low proportions and concluded that human cytomegalovirus exhibits a very low level of intrahost variability. In addition to clarifying the situation regarding human cytomegalovirus, our strategy has wider applicability to understanding the intrahost variability of other viruses.
Refugees and Housing: Evidence from the Mortgage Market
Authors: Akgündüz Yusuf Emre , Hacıhasanoğlu Yavuz Selim , Yılmaz Fatih 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of large-scale Syrian refugee inflows on the Turkish housing market. Employing a micro-level data set of the population of mortgaged houses in Türkiye between 2010 and 2017, it identifies the dynamic effects using a difference-in-differences approach. As the regional distribution of Syrian refugees is presumably not exogenous, it is instrumented in the estimations. The instrument is constructed using the distance from Turkish provinces to each Syrian region, while weighting each Syrian region by their population and distance to Türkiye compared to other destination countries. The results show that house prices increased in response to the arrival of Syrian refugees. The effects are mostly driven by low-priced housing and faded after 2014. The results further show that construction permits and sales increased, while the average age of purchased houses declined, indicating an increase in supply that may explain the fading-out effect over time. Finally, the findings provide suggestive evidence that houses that are sold after the arrival of refugees decline in size, which further points to a squeeze in the housing market for natives.
Comparative morphological study of the gnathochilarium of millipedes of the suborder Cambalidea (Juliformia: Spirostreptida) assessed by discrete and morphometric character approaches
Authors: Moretti Iniesta Luiz Felipe , Enghoff Henrik , Bouzan Rodrigo S , Brescovit Antonio D 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships of the suborder Cambalidea have been a well-known focus of discussion over the past 100 years. The most recent approach to the suborder is based on the morphology of the sexual structure of males and of the gnathochilarium. The phylogenetic interpretation of the gnathochilarium has been especially criticized due to the poorly understood evolution of its components since no hypothesis of homology has been put forward. This work provides a comparative study of characters of the gnathochilarium. Twenty-one characters are proposed and optimized for 34 terminals from the orders Julida and Spirostreptida. Two datasets were analysed on the basis of whether the sclerite duplomentum corresponds to a mentum fused to a promentum or only to an elongated mentum (promentum being absent). Concatenated analyses were performed with both discrete and morphometric characters to verify the variation in shape of the mentum. In all topologies obtained, Cambalidea were recovered as paraphyletic in terms of the suborder Spirostreptidea. Through constrained searches, Cambalidae, Cambalopsidae and Iulomorphidae were not recovered, while Pseudonannolenidae were recovered only when Physiostreptinae were excluded. The morphological evidence indicates the convergence of the gnathochilarium in Spirostreptidea and in some members of Cambalidea, with independent reversions of the promentum.
Usefulness of Intraoperative Arthrography for Postaxial Polysyndactyly of the Foot
Authors: Sakai Yuko , Kawamura Daisuke , Endo Takeshi , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Surgery for polydactyly of the foot aims to achieve good cosmesis and improve shoe fitting. An accurate understanding of toe morphology will help to minimize the skin incision or optimize the surgical plan before incision. However, it is difficult to determine the shape of the articular surface using radiographs of children with immature bone. We performed arthrography during surgery for postaxial polydactyly of the foot to assess the cartilaginous structures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of arthrography in postaxial polydactyly of the foot.

Methods:
We included 36 digits of 31 patients (16 males and 15 females), including 5 bilateral cases. The age at surgery ranged from 9 to 75 months (mean, 20 mo). Intraoperative arthrography was performed and all radiographs and arthrograms were reviewed and classified by 3 observers using the Watanabe classification. The absolute percentage agreement between the observers was calculated. The senior author assigned the arthrograms as the reference. The types determined by the other 2 observers using radiographs and arthrograms were compared with the reference.

Results:
Full agreement occurred in 66.7% of the radiographs and in 75% of arthrograms. The mean kappa coefficient was 0.58, indicating fair agreement, between the reference and the radiologic assessment, while it was 0.81, indicating excellent or almost perfect agreement, in the evaluation using arthrograms.

Conclusions:
Intraoperative arthrography is an easy and reliable diagnostic method that can be used to determine the detailed articular shape.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Implementing a Standardized Workflow Process to Increase the Palliative Care to Hospice Admission Rate
Authors: Boyd Charissa , DiBartolo Mary C. , Helne D'Jenie , Everett Keith 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Palliative care is a precursor for hospice care, an underutilized Medicare benefit that has been shown to improve quality of life, decrease health care costs, and provide expert symptom relief at the end of life.

Local Problem:
Palliative patients transitioning to hospice services were experiencing delays within the admission process.

Purpose:
To determine whether standardizing the workflow process with chart completion leads to increases in the hospice admission rate for palliative care patients transitioning to hospice care.

Methods:
This quality improvement project adapted Kurt Lewin's change theory and the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle for implementation. Preintervention patient data were collected from May 2021 through August 2021, and postintervention data were collected from September 2021 through December 2021.

Interventions:
Standardization of the workflow process included assigning an urgency level to the hospice referral and deactivation (close) of the electronic medical record (EMR) chart, signaling completion of the workflow process.

Results:
The palliative care to hospice admission rate increased by 11.5% in the postintervention group. The EMR chart deactivation rate increased by 55.3%, which was statistically significant (P ≤ .001).

Conclusions:
The standardized workflow process increased the number of palliative care to hospice admissions and improved the effectiveness of transitioning palliative care patients to hospice services.
Reversible Dementia With Bilateral White Matter Changes Caused by Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Zeng Yangqiao , Li Xiaoqin , Chen Wei , Du Juan , Tao Tao 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a vascular malformation. Although rare, DAVFs can represent a potentially reversible cause of dementia. Bilateral white matter changes can be detected on the magnetic resonance imaging of patients with DAVFs. Familiarity with symptoms of DAVFs can reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis of dementia syndrome. This study aimed to explore the clinical manifestation, imaging characteristics, and prognosis of dementia with bilateral white matter changes caused by DAVFs.

Case Report:
A 56-year-old man presented with memory deterioration, tinnitus, and weakness in both lower limbs for over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed white matter signal changes in the bilateral ventricles and centrum semiovale, which manifested as low signal on T1-weighted imaging, high signal on T2-weighted imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and diffusion-weighted imaging. Digital subtraction angiography revealed DAVFs along the lateral sinus. The patients’ condition improved significantly after endovascular embolization of the DAVFs.

Conclusions:
DAVFs presenting with dementia are rare and cases with bilateral white matter alterations can be easily misdiagnosed as other diseases. If the patient has dementia and bilateral alterations in the white matter, a DAVF should be considered. This type of dementia is reversible and may be associated with venous hypertension caused by arteriovenous fistulas. Early digital subtraction angiography is important to reduce misdiagnoses.
Follicle Center Lymphoma (FCL) of the Lower Female Genital Tract (LFGT)
Authors: Saksena Annapurna , Jain Ashish , Pack Svetlana D. , Kim Jung , Lee Ina , Tyagi Manoj , Xi Liqiang , Pittaluga Stefania , Raffeld Mark , Jaffe Elaine S. 
Published: December 2022

Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma has been distinguished from nodal follicular lymphoma (FL) based on genomic and clinical features. The nature of other extranodal FLs is not well defined. We report 15 cases of follicle center lymphoma involving the lower female genital tract. Cases were evaluated using an immunohistochemical panel for B-cell lymphoma, B-cell clonality, fluorescence in situ hybridization forBCL2gene rearrangement, and next-generation sequencing. All patients had localized disease with no evidence of bone marrow involvement. Most cases (12/15, 80%) had a follicular pattern, at least focally. Large centrocytes were a prominent feature leading to concern for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by referring pathologists. Neoplastic cells were positive for CD20 and BCL-6, while BCL-2 was positive in 2/15 (13%) cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization forBCL2gene rearrangement was negative in 10/11 (91%) cases. Next-generation sequencing performed in 10 cases revealedTNFRSF14as the most frequently mutated gene in 6/10 (60%) cases. No case hadCREBBPorKMT2Dmutations as seen in nodal FL. None of the patients had progressive disease with durable complete remission achieved in 10/12 (83%) cases. The median follow-up period was 7.8 years (range: 0.2 to 20.5 y) with a 5-year overall survival of 100%. We conclude that follicle center lymphoma of the lower female genital tract is a novel variant of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma. Despite a frequent component of large cells, it is characterized by localized disease and low risk for dissemination. Awareness and recognition are important to distinguish these lesions from aggressive B-cell lymphomas.
“Assessing the Quality of Reporting on Quality Improvement Initiatives in Breast Reconstruction – A Systematic Review”
Authors: Daniel Pereira Diego , Cormier Nicholas S. , Market Marisa R. , Frank Simon G. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
There has been a recent increase in the number and complexity of quality improvement studies in breast reconstruction. To assist with the development of thorough quality improvement reporting practices, with the goal of improving the transferability of these initiatives, we conducted a systematic review of studies describing the implementation of quality improvement initiatives in breast reconstruction. We used the SQUIRE 2.0 guideline to appraise the quality of reporting of these initiatives.

Methods:
English language articles published in EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane databases were searched. Quantitative studies evaluating the implementation of QI initiatives in breast reconstruction were included. The primary endpoint of interest in this review was the distribution of studies per SQUIRE 2.0 criteria scores in proportions. Abstracts and full-text screening, and data extraction were completed independently and in duplicate by the review team.

Results:
We screened 1107 studies, of which 53 full texts were assessed and 35 met inclusion criteria. In our assessment, only 3 studies (9%) met all 18 SQUIRE 2.0 criteria. SQUIRE 2.0 criteria that were met most frequently were abstract, problem description, rationale and analysis. The lowest SQUIRE 2.0 scores appeared in the interpretation criteria.

Conclusion:
Significant opportunity exists to improve quality improvement reporting in breast reconstruction, especially in the realm of costs, strategic trade-offs, ethical considerations, project sustainability and potential for spread to other contexts. Improvements in these areas will help to further advance the transferability of QI initiatives in breast reconstruction.
Prototype matching: children’s preference for forming scientific concepts
Authors: Wang Zhong , Zhang Yi , Jiang Yi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInspired by a sample lesson, this paper studies and discusses children’s preferences in learning scientific concepts. In a “Dissolution” lesson, one of the students took the demonstration experiment of “carmine dissolves in Water” demonstrated by the teacher as the prototype to judge whether a new phenomenon belongs to dissolution, instead of analyzing and judging the phenomenon by using the dissolution definition. Therefore, we propose a conjecture that “prototype matching” may be a more preferred way for children to learn concepts than thinking through inquiry experiment, analysis, deduction, etc. To this end, we conducted a targeted test on 160 fifth grade students (all of whom had learned this lesson) from a primary school in Beijing, and used goodness of fit test to statistically analyze the results. The results showed that: ➀ the Chi square of the general result is 73.865, P<0.001, indicating that children did have obvious prototype preference; ➁ We “tampered” some of the prototypes, that is, they looked like the prototypes that the teacher had told students, but they were actually wrong. However, the results showed that children still preferred these so-called “prototypes” (chi square is 21.823, P<0.001). Conclusion: ➀ Children have an obvious preference for “prototype matching” in scientific concept learning, which is not only obviously deviated from the current general understanding of science education that emphasizes inquiry construction, but also points out that there may be a priority relationship among various ways of concept organization (such as definition theory, prototype theory, schema theory, etc.). ➁ Children’s preference for prototypes seems to be unthinking, and they will not identify the authenticity of prototypes, which is particularly noteworthy in front-line teaching.
Euglenozoan kleptoplasty illuminates the early evolution of photoendosymbiosis
Authors: Karnkowska Anna , Yubuki Naoji , Maruyama Moe , Yamaguchi Aika , Kashiyama Yuichiro , Suzaki Toshinobu , Keeling Patrick J , Hampl Vladimir , Leander Brian S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKleptoplasts are distinct among photosynthetic organelles in eukaryotes (i.e, plastids) because they are routinely sequestered from prey algal cells and function only temporarily in the new host cell. Therefore, the hosts of kleptoplasts benefit from photosynthesis without constitutive photoendosymbiosis. Here, we report that the euglenozoanRapaza viridishas only kleptoplasts derived from a specific strain of green alga,Tetraselmissp., but no canonical plastids like those found in its sister group, the Euglenophyceae.R. viridisshowed a dynamic change in the accumulation of cytosolic polysaccharides in response to light– dark cycles, and13C isotopic labeling of ambient bicarbonate demonstrated that these polysaccharides originatein situvia photosynthesis; these data indicate that the kleptoplasts ofR. viridisare functionally active. We also identified 247 sequences encoding putative plastid-targeting proteins and 35 sequences of presumed kleptoplast transporters in the transcriptome ofR. viridis. These genes originated in a wide range of algae other thanTetraselmissp., the source of the kleptoplasts, suggesting a long history of repeated horizontal gene transfer events from different algal prey cells. Many of the kleptoplast proteins, as well as the protein-targeting system, inR. viridiswere shared with members of the Euglenophyceae, providing evidence that the early stages in the endosymbiotic origin of euglenophyte plastids also involved kleptoplasty.