bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Elastography Detects Age‐Related Changes in Adult False Vocal Folds
Authors: Chandra Lucas , Ortiz Julian , Weitzel William , Hamilton James D. , Gao Jing 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of ultrasound elastography for assessing the symmetry in stiffness values and movements of both false vocal folds (FVFs).MethodsAfter Institutional Review Board's approval and written informed consent obtained, we measured ultrasound strain and shear wave velocity (SWV) of the bilateral FVF in vocal fold abduction and adduction in 30 participants using a linear array transducer (4–10 MHz). Twenty‐eight participants met inclusion criteria as healthy subjects for analysis. Mean strain of FVF produced by FVF movement from abduction to adduction was analyzed using 2D speckle‐tracking software offline. A SWV ratio ([SWVadduction – SWabduction]/SWabduction) was developed to test the contractibility of FVF. Statistical analysis included one‐way ANOVA to test the difference in mean strain, SWV (adduction and abduction), and SWV ratio among the three age groups; linear regression to analyze correlations of stiffness and movement between the right and left FVF; and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to examine intra‐ and interobserver reliability in performing shear wave elastography (SWE) of FVF.ResultsThe 28 healthy participants were divided into 3 age groups (10 of young 20–44 years; 9 of mid‐age 45–64 years; and 9 of senior ≥65 years). The SWV in FVF abduction was higher and the SWV ratio was lower in seniors compared to young participants (P < .05). Good to excellent correlation of mean strain and SWV between both FVFs (R2 > 0.89). The reliability of performing SWE of FVF was moderate to excellent.ConclusionUltrasound elastography is feasible to assess the stiffness, dynamic movement, and symmetry of adult FVF, and healthy seniors may exhibit increased FVF stiffness.
Oil‐Based versus Bio‐Based C8 Alkyl Chain (Meth)Acrylates in Emulsion Polymerization: Kinetics and Microstructure
Authors: Barrenetxe Maria , Agirre Amaia , Santos José I. , Badía Adrián , Leiza Jose R. , Barquero Aitor 
Published: June 2022

Abstract2‐Octyl acrylate (2‐OA) is a very promising bio‐based monomer that is a great candidate to substitute the widely used (but oil‐based) 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (2‐EHA). In this work, the homopolymerization of these two monomers along with their methacrylic analogues (2‐octyl methacrylate, 2‐OMA and 2‐ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2‐EHMA) is compared to analyze their performance in detail. Very similar polymerization kinetics are observed, both in conversion and particle size. However, there are important differences in the microstructure (molar mass distribution, gel content, and degree of branching). Both acrylates form high amounts of gel (2‐OA higher than 2‐EHA) while the methacrylates do not form any. It is found that the most likely reason for the higher amount of gel on 2‐OA lies on the second abstractable labile hydrogen in the side chain presented in this monomer, that is more reactive in 2‐OA than in 2‐EHA. This is supported by the molar mass distributions, that show that 2‐octyl esters have higher molar mass than their respective 2‐ethylhexyl counterparts (both in acrylates and methacrylates), as a result of a higher amount of long chain branches.
Reductions in movement‐associated fear are dependent upon graded exposure in chronic low back pain: An exploratory analysis of a modified 3‐item fear hierarchy
Authors: Gibbs Mitchell T. , Morrison Natalie M. V. , Jones Matthew D. , Burgess Danielle , Marshall Paul W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of a modified fear hierarchy on measuring improvements in movement‐associated fear in chronic low back pain.MethodsA modified 3‐item fear hierarchy was created and implemented based on principles of graded exposure. This study was an exploratory analysis of the modified 3‐item fear hierarchy from a larger clinical trial data set. Both groups received pain education and exercise, either bodyweight or strength training. Both groups performed item one on the hierarchy, the squat. Only the strength training group performed item 2, the deadlift. Neither group performed item 3, the overhead press. Analysis of Covariance and stepwise linear regression were used to explore results.ResultsImprovement in movement‐associated fear was conditional upon graded exposure. Both groups improved in the squat movement (p ≤ 0.05), which both performed. Only the strength training group improved in the deadlift (p ≤ 0.01), and neither improved in the overhead press (p ≥ 0.05).ConclusionReductions in movement‐associated fear are conditional upon graded exposure, based on the use of a novel modified 3‐item fear hierarchy. Further research is needed to understand the utility of this tool in a patient‐led approach to co‐designing a graded exposure‐based intervention.
Coupling Gear Decontamination Trials and Angler Surveys to Minimize Spread of Invasive New Zealand Mud Snails Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Authors: Geist Jeremy A. , Ethaiya Diana , Tiegs Scott D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The New Zealand mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (NZMS) is a global invader that is readily spread through attachment to recreational fishing gear. Preventing the spread of NZMSs by decontaminating fishing gear such as waders is a key step toward limiting invasive NZMSs and their ecological impacts; however, the effectiveness of decontamination protocols depends on both the efficacy of the protocol and the willingness of anglers to implement it. We tested the efficacy of three decontaminants (Virkon Aquatic, Formula 409, and bleach) at killing NZMSs on waders using two application techniques (spray versus soak) and two exposure durations (10 versus 20 min). We coupled the results of these tests with responses to a self-administered online survey that gauged the willingness of anglers to implement several decontamination strategies. Mortality of NZMSs differed widely among decontaminants, with the greatest mortality caused by Formula 409 (mean ± SE = 100 ± 0%), regardless of application type or duration. Bleach produced a mean mortality of 68.75 ± 11.97%, and Virkon Aquatic resulted in a mean mortality of 56.25 ± 11.97%. Neither exposure duration nor application method significantly influenced the degree of NZMS mortality, and their interaction was not significant. Anglers who responded to the survey (n = 339) revealed that Formula 409 was the decontaminant they would be most willing to use. Further, spraying was highly preferred over soaking for all decontaminants. Based on our experimental trials and the angler survey, we developed an angler decontamination metric (ADM) that helps to determine the decontamination strategy that optimizes NZMS mortality on fishing gear. Our ADM indicates that spraying gear with Formula 409 is the most effective NZMS decontamination strategy that anglers are willing to use. Our study is the first to combine the efficacy of NZMS decontaminants and angler willingness to adopt a decontamination strategy. By doing so, we hope to encourage the widespread use of NZMS decontamination of fishing gear to limit the spread and impacts of this increasingly relevant invasive species.
Electromyographic analysis of pelvic floor muscles during the execution of pelvic patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation‐concept: An observational study
Authors: Ferro Josepha Karinne de O. , de Moura Filho Alberto G. , de Amorim Keytte Camilla S. , Lima Cláudia Regina O. de P. , Martins José Vicente P. , Barboza Paulo José M. , Lemos Andrea , de Oliveira Daniella A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of pelvic patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF‐concept) on pelvic floor muscles (PFM) recruitment, as well as the electromyographic activity of muscles synergic to the pelvic floor in healthy women.MethodsObservational study conducted with 31 women aged between 18 and 35 years, with mean age of 23.3 ± 3.2 (22.1–24.4). PFM activity was monitored by surface electromyography during the combination of isotonics technique of four pelvic patterns of PNF‐concept (i.e., anterior elevation, posterior depression, anterior depression, and posterior elevation). The electromyographic signal was analyzed using root mean square amplitude. Two‐way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to analyze differences in PFM activity between types of contraction (i.e., concentric, isometric, and eccentric) and the four pelvic patterns.ResultsPFM activity did not differ among the four pelvic pattens. However, PFM activity was significantly different between the combination of isotonics technique and baseline, F(1.6, 48.2) = 71.5; p < 0.000, with a large effect size (partial ƞ² = 0.705). Concentric (22.4 µV ± 1.1), isometric (17.3 µV ± 0.6), and eccentric (15 µV ± 0.5) contractions of combination of isotonics technique increased PFM activity compared with baseline (10.8 µV ± 0.4) in all pelvic patterns. By analyzing the electromyographic activity of the muscles synergistic to the pelvic floor, there is effect of the interaction of the type of contraction, the pelvic pattern of the PNF concept, and the synergistic muscles on the myoelectric activity of the external anal sphincter, F(3.2, 96.5) = 5.6; p < 0.000, with a large magnitude of effect (partial ƞ² = 0.15). In the anterior elevation pattern, the muscles synergistic to the pelvic floor present synergy in phase with the PFM, and in the posterior patterns there was a decrease in the activity level of all synergistic muscles, without changing the activity level of the PFM.ConclusionPFM activity did not differ among the four pelvic patterns of PNF‐concept. Nonetheless, the combination of isotonics technique showed a significant effect on PFM compared with baseline, with greater PFM activity during concentric contraction. Pelvic patterns of PNF‐concept may be used to increase PFM recruitment in young healthy women.
Long‐term care facilities' response to the COVID‐19 pandemic: A protocol of a cross‐sectional, multi‐site, international survey
Authors: Eltaybani Sameh , Suzuki Haruno , Igarashi Ayumi , Sakka Mariko , Amamiya Yuko , Yamamoto‐Mitani Noriko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the response of long‐term care (LTC) residential facilities to the COVID‐19 pandemic worldwide, and the antecedents and outcomes of this response.DesignA protocol of a cross‐sectional survey.MethodsTwo online questionnaires will be used to collect data from LTC residential facilities' managers and staff worldwide. Collected data include participants' socio‐demographic characteristics, facility‐related characteristics, facility response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, and possible influences of the pandemic on staff, residents, and residents' families. Data collection has started in April 2021. Data analyses will be conducted on the pooled sample and stratified by the type of facility, participants, or country if required. Multi‐level regression analysis will be considered to account for participants' data clustering in countries and facilities.ResultsThe data collection is ongoing. The findings would guide policy‐makers and healthcare organizations to reform their protocols for the best interest of facilities, staff, residents, and residents' families.
A qualitative systematic review on the lived experience of men in nursing
Authors: Lyu Xiaochen , Akkadechanunt Thitinut , Soivong Pratum , Juntasopeepun Phanida , Chontawan Ratanawadee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis qualitative systematic review was conducted to describe the lived experience of men in nursing.DesignA systematic review of qualitative studies.MethodsFive databases (Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) were systematically searched. The PRISMA guideline was used for reporting the literature search in different phases, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program, a qualitative research checklist, was used to evaluate the studies that met the inclusion criteria. Thomas and Harden's thematic analysis approach for qualitative research was used for data synthesis.ResultsSix qualitative studies were included. Five analytical themes related to lived experiences of men in nursing emerged: value in nursing, the double‐edged sword of gender, being accepted in the nursing profession, attractions of nursing and coping strategies.
Patients' expectations and experiences of provided surgery‐related patient education: A descriptive longitudinal study
Authors: Blöndal Katrín , Sveinsdóttir Herdís , Ingadottir Brynja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to explore the educational expectations and experiences of surgical patients.DesignProspective, longitudinal, descriptive and two‐centre study. Data were collected with questionnaires at the hospital and 6 weeks and 6 months postsurgery.MethodsPatients undergoing elective surgery and hospitalized overnight from January to July 2016 answered questions about the content of received pre‐operative and pre‐discharge education, topics they wanted more information on, sources of information, satisfaction with and usefulness of the information and if their recovery was as expected.ResultsPatients (N = 697, 49% male, mean age 64.1 [SD 12.6] years) perceived the provided education as useful and satisfactory but less so after discharge. Most common topics which they expected more education about were postoperative complications, pain management, fatigue, lack of stamina and expected recovery time. Most patients received information through face‐to‐face teaching (79.7%) and in writing (78.4%). Expectations on recovery were related to patients' satisfaction with the education and how useful they evaluated it.
Increased body mass index linked to decreased neutralizing antibody titers of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in healthcare workers
Authors: Hu Juan , Zhao Mingcai , Zhao Yongmei , Dong Wenjuan , Huang Xuemei , Zhang Shaocheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveObesity is an important risk factor for COVID‐19. However, whether obesity affects SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody production is unclear. This study aimed to identify the influence of obesity on neutralizing antibody production of an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine to better guide vaccination strategies.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited a total of 239 healthcare workers (age, 21–50 years) from Suining Central Hospital during 22–23 April 2021. An electronic questionnaire on basic characteristics was completed by all participants. A general physical exam and fasting blood sampling by venipuncture were performed. Peripheral leukocyte counts and the ratios of leukocyte subsets, hepatorenal function, and the neutralizing antibody titers against SARS‐CoV‐2 were measured.ResultsAmong 239 healthcare workers, the participants with underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity accounted for 10.88%, 64.44%, 23.01%, and 1.67%, respectively. The highest peripheral monocyte counts were observed in the group with obesity, whereas the lowest were observed in the group with normal weight. Similar results were obtained with respect to percentage of peripheral monocytes. Participants with obesity had higher peripheral eosinophil counts and percentages than the other three groups. The median neutralizing antibody titer was 12.70 AU/mL, with 85.36% (n = 204) of participants were sufficiently protected against SARS‐CoV‐2. The lowest neutralizing antibody titers were observed in the group with obesity, whereas the highest were observed in the group that was underweight. Additionally, high BMI was significantly associated with high peripheral monocyte counts [B (95% CI) = 0.008 (0.002, 0.013)] and low neutralizing antibody titers [B (95% CI) = −1.934 (−3.663, −0.206)].ConclusionsObesity could induce chronic inflammation, and associated with lower neutralizing antibody titers against SARS‐CoV‐2 after inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination.
Human faces and face‐like stimuli are more memorable
Authors: Kapsetaki Marianna E. , Zeki Semir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe have previously suggested a distinction in the brain processes governing biological and artifactual stimuli. One of the best examples of the biological category consists of human faces, the perception of which appears to be determined by inherited mechanisms or ones rapidly acquired after birth. In extending this work, we inquire here whether there is a higher memorability for images of human faces and whether memorability declines with increasing departure from human faces; if so, the implication would add to the growing evidence of differences in the processing of biological versus artifactual stimuli. To do so, we used images and memorability scores from a large data set of 58,741 images to compare the relative memorability of the following image categories: real human faces versus buildings, and extending this to a comparison of real human faces with five image categories that differ in their grade of resemblance to a real human face. Our findings show that, in general, when we compare the biological category of faces to the artifactual category of buildings, the former is more memorable. Furthermore, there is a gradient in which the more an image resembles a real human face the more memorable it is. Thus, the previously identified differences in biological and artifactual images extend to the field of memory.
Experimental investigation and numerical simulation for structural evolution and stress distribution during the stretching process
Authors: Zhang Ying , Sheng Lei , Bai Yaozong , Liu Gaojun , Dong Haoyu , Wang Tao , Huang Xianli , He Jianping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the preparation of polyethylene (PE) microporous membrane, the stretching process of PE/liquid paraffin (LP) blend is of great significance for improving the mechanical properties and optimizing the pore size and its distribution. In this study, we have adopted a method that combines experimental investigation and numerical simulation to explore crystal structure transformation and residual stress distribution of PE matrix during the stretching process. First of all, the X‐ray diffraction, small‐angle X‐ray scattering test, and tensile strength test are used to analyze these PE/LP blend samples that are processed at different stretching temperatures (110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C) and different stretching ratios (2 × 2, 3 × 3, 4 × 4, 5 × 5). It is found that a higher temperature or larger ratio is beneficial for crystallizing of PE long chains and affecting the tension strength. After the extraction process, the obtained PE microporous membranes have more uniform pore size distribution and an increased pore diameter according to the results of scanning electron microscopy and porosity test. It is attributed to the fact that residual stress is more easily stored in the amorphous region of PE microporous membrane. PE microporous membranes can have higher crystallinity and well‐dispersed crystal region by controlling a matched temperature and ratio. It is inspired for optimizing the technological parameters in industrial production.
Parallel arrangement of peptides appended to a rigid, bimetallic, constrained ring system
Authors: Curran Timothy P. , Marrone Alessandro , Davidson Lauren M. , Pokharel Niranjana , Frempong Josephine F. , Tolbatov Iogann , Phillip Michael L. , Gober Cosmic B. , Yang Haoyu , Stewart Joanne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCyclic tungsten bis‐alkyne complexes derived from a 1,1′‐ferrocenyldialkyne (1 and 2) adopt a rigid conformation where the two alkynes are in a syn orientation and are likely positioned about 3.5 Å apart. Since intramolecular hydrogen bonding in protein secondary structures positions the donors and acceptors 3.3 Å apart, it is proposed that linking two peptides to the two alkynes in one of these complexes might be a way to generate a model system for generating peptide β‐sheets. To explore this question, a series of peptide derivatives of 1 were prepared. Attachment of peptides to the bimetallic ring system was achieved by reaction of peptide derivatives of 4‐iodobenzoic acid or 4‐iodoaniline with 1 via a Sonogashira coupling. Subsequent reaction of these dialkynes with W(CO)3(dmtc)2 (dmtc = dimethylditiocarbamate) afforded the desired cyclic tungsten bis‐alkyne complexes as a 1:1 mixture of diastereomers. The two diastereomers were not separable using typical chromatographic methods (TLC, HPLC and flash chromatography); however, their presence and relative amounts could be detected and measured in the 1H NMR spectra. The conformations of these peptide derivatives of 1 were examined using NMR and DFT methods. It was found that appending the peptides to the two alkynes did not alter the rigid conformation of the ferrocene‐tungsten bis‐alkyne ring system found in 1; the ring system remained rigid and retained the intramolecular hydrogen bond across the bimetallic ring system. Whether the amide and urethane NH protons in these complexes are involved in intramolecular hydrogen bonds was explored using a DMSO titration experiment and computational methods. Data from the DMSO titrations showed that there was only one robust intramolecular hydrogen bond, the hydrogen bond across the bimetallic ring; the other amide and urethane NH protons were accessible to the solvent. The DFT calculations showed the peptides attached to the bimetallic ring system can adopt a number of different orientations having similar energies, and that some of these conformations include cross‐strand hydrogen bonds. The data indicate that appending peptides to the bimetallic ring system via the two alkynes produces molecules where the two peptides are held in a parallel arrangement.