bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Infection-Induced Fever and the Interaction with IL6 rs1800796 Polymorphism on the Prognosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Ye Hengming , Tang Lu-Ying , Liang Zhuo-Zhi , Chen Qian-Xin , Li Yun-Qian , Liu Qiang , Xie Xiaoming , Lin Ying , Ren Ze-Fang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have found that acute febrile infection may decrease the risk of breast cancer. Meanwhile, it is well known that interleukin-6 (IL6) played dual roles in the tumor microenvironment. Fever may stimulate IL6 production, and IL6 rs1800796 also influences the expression of IL6. However, the impact of fever and its interaction with IL6 rs1800796 on breast cancer survival remains to be explored.

Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study of 4,223 breast cancer patients. Exposures were pre-/postdiagnostic infection-induced fever and rs1800796 polymorphism. The endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Adjusted hazard ratios were obtained using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results:
Compared with women without prediagnostic fever, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of progression for those with prediagnostic fever was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.66–0.99), particularly for the CC genotype of IL6 rs1800796 (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36–0.79). OS was also better (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36–0.99) among women with the CC genotype exposed to prediagnostic fever, accompanied by a significant interaction (P = 0.021). Postdiagnostic fever conferred better PFS for breast cancer (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52–1.00). Irrespective of the genotype of IL6, lymph node–positive women with postdiagnostic fever (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.37–0.89) had a lower risk of progression than lymph node–negative women (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.70–1.79).

Conclusions:
Infection-induced fever was beneficial to breast cancer survival, particularly for women who were the CC genotype of IL6 rs1800796 or node positive.

Impact:
This study provides new insight into the roles of infection-induced fever as a potential prognostic marker and therapy regimen for breast cancer.
A psicanálise como possibilidade de escuta do mal-estar na contemporaneidade
Authors: Sadala Maria da Gloria Schwab , Santos Kleber Barbosa dos 
Published: September 2022

Este artigo realiza uma investigação acerca das manifestações de mal-estar e das facetas do adoecimento psíquico dos sujeitos no cenário atual. Na contemporaneidade, o processo cultural evidencia o desafio em abordar as formas de subjetivação diante da relação inescapável entre sujeito e discurso civilizatório. Assim, este estudo pretende, primeiramente, localizar possíveis diretrizes psicanalíticas para suspender os impasses clínicos que surgem diante sujeito, uma vez que este está à mercê e atravessado pela linguagem. Por fim, com alicerce dos fundamentos psicanalíticos, constata-se que as ideias de Freud e Lacan ainda permitem importantes articulações entre a teoria do inconsciente e o fazer clínico.
Stone-tool-assisted hunting by a wild monkey (Macaca fascicularis aurea)
Authors: Haslam Michael , Malaivijitnond Suchinda , Gumert Michael D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We report anecdotal evidence for stone-tool-assisted hunting by a non-human primate. Wild Burmese long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis aurea) in Laem Son National Park, Thailand, regularly consume crabs, processing them both with and without stone pounding tools. However, stone-tool-assisted capture of crab prey, prior to the processing for consumption, has yet to be reported. We observed a tool-using episode as part of the hunting process, and provide video evidence confirming Burmese long-tailed macaques as the first known non-human primate to hunt and subdue other animals with the aid of stone tools.
Investigating Temporal Memory Strength and Time-Based Impulse Control Using the DRL Task
Authors: Cheng Ruey-Kuang , Liao Ruey-Ming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Differential reinforcement of low rate (DRL) responding is a schedule-controlled behavior sometimes used in timing research, but also received critics of not providing a pure measure of timing due to the influence of the subject’s motivation or inhibitory control. Nevertheless, we argue that the DRL task provides a unique approach to study how timing and emotion interact with each other. Here, we review evidence showing that male rats prenatally treated with choline supplementation had difficulty in acquiring longer criterion times in the DRL task. This was possibly due to the stronger memory strength of their previously learned shorter criterion times. Female rats, in contrast, performed better than male rats in the same task, but those receiving prenatal choline supplementation were the best performers in this task with longer criterion times because they required less training. Like all female rats, male rats treated with prenatal choline supplementation made very few burst responses, suggesting that the treatment improved male rats’ emotional regulation when facing ‘frustrating’ outcomes. The differential impulse control plus different memory strength of the rats trained in the DRL task revealed the potential interaction of sex hormones and prenatal choline supplementation, a rare combination in a single animal study on timing and time perception. In summary, although the DRL task is certainly not the best timing task, it may be useful in assisting us in better understanding how time perception participates in emotional regulation, especially relevant when the emotion is triggered by a failure in timing.
Workload Measurement in Subspecialty Placental Pathology in Canada
Authors: Wright James R. , Chan Suzanne , Morgen Eric K. , Maung Raymond T. A. ,   and the Canadian Association of Pathologists’ Pan-Canadian Pediatric-Perinatal Pathology Workload Committee, Brundler Marie-Anne , El Demellawy Dina , Fraser Robert B. , Kurek Kyle C. , Magee Fergall , Nizalik Elizabeth , Oligny Luc L. , Somers Gino R. , Stefanovici Camelia , Terry Jefferson 
Published: September 2022

Background Workload measurement is important to help determine optimal staffing and workload distribution for pathology laboratories. The Level 4 Equivalent (L4E) System is the most widely used Anatomical Pathology (AP) workload measurement tool in Canada. However, it was initially not developed with subspecialties in mind. Methods In 2016, a Pan-Canadian Pediatric-Perinatal Pathology Workload Committee (PCPPPWC) was organized to adapt the L4E System to assess Pediatric-Perinatal Pathology workload. Four working groups were formed. The Placental Pathology Working Group was tasked to develop a scheme for fair valuation of placental specimens signed out by subspecialists in the context of the L4E System. Previous experience, informal time and motion studies, a survey of Canadian Pediatric-Perinatal Pathologists, and interviews of Pathologists’ Assistants (PA) informed the development of such scheme. Results A workload measurement scheme with average L4E workload values for examination and reporting of singleton and multiple gestation placentas was proposed. The proposal was approved by the Canadian Association of Pathologist - Association canadienne des pathologistes Workload and Human Resources Committee for adoption into the L4E System. Conclusion The development of a workload measurement model for placental specimens provides an average and fair valuation of these specimen types, enabling its use for resource planning and workload distribution.
The Effects of chronic smoking on retinal vascular densities and choroidal thicknesses measured by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Gokmen Onur , Ozgur Gokhan 
Published: September 2022

Purpose To examine the effects of chronic smoking on vascular density in superficial and deep retinal vascular plexuses and choroidal thicknesses. Method Superficial and deep vessel densities and choroidal thicknesses of smoking volunteers and healthy non-smoking volunteers were measured with the Topcon DRI OCT-1 Tritron® device and compared with each other. Results This study included 108 eyes of 54 smoking volunteers and 108 eyes of 54 healthy volunteers as a control group. The average superficial vascular density index and deep vascular density indexes of smokers were found to be 39.81 ± 1.5% and 42.53 ± 1.9%, respectively (P = 0.53), while the non-smoking control group was 40.09 ± 1.3% and 41.57 ± 1.6%, respectively (P = 0.006). Average choroidal thicknesses were 284.22 ± 59 in smokers and 270.72 ± 61 in the control group (P = 0.247). Also, smoking quantity per day x years was found to be significantly negatively correlated with average choroidal thicknesses. (P = 0,011). Discussion In this study, it was determined that chronic smoking increases deep retinal vascular densities on retinal vascular plexus. However, the cumulative effect of smoking was found to be negatively correlated with choroidal thicknesses. Smoking has microvascular effects on vessels such as vasodilatation, vasoconstriction, increased platelet aggregation, endothelial dysfunction. However, studies in the literature are in dispute with the effects of smoking on choroidal and retinal vessels. This study may show that chronic smoking may have different vascular effects on the superficial and deep plexuses and choroidal vessels, as well as different effects from acute use.
Compositional characteristics of neighbourhoods and of schools as correlates of youths’ mental health: A cross-sectional study among Swedish adolescents
Authors: Lindstrand Sofia , Andersson Filip , Galanti Maria Rosaria 
Published: September 2022

Aims: The study aimed to analyse the association between neighbourhood- and school-level socio-demographic factors and self-reported mental health among adolescents. Methods: The study population consisted of 3959 adolescents in southern and central Sweden (the KUPOL study), surveyed in the seventh grade (13 years old) and again in the ninth grade (15 years old). Cross-sectional associations were studied between socio-demographic indicators at neighbourhood level (proportion of adults with high education, without employment, of foreign-born residents) and at school level (proportion of students with at least one parent with high education, of students with a foreign background, mean qualification points in ninth grade) and mental health problems. These were assessed through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We derived odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of scale scores above the threshold using multilevel logistic regression models. Results: After adjustment for individual- and family-level socio-demographic factors, there was an indication of higher OR of mental health problems with increasing proportions of foreign-born and residents without employment, especially among girls and in public schools. Stronger associations in the expected direction were found with the internalising subscale. Socio-demographic factors at the school level were not associated with adolescents’ mental health, except in private schools, where increasing proportions of students with highly educated parents were significantly associated with SDQ scores under the threshold (OR=0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.97). Conclusions: The results indicate that equal living conditions may represent important cues to improve the mental health of adolescents. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine any causality.
A qualitative study of purchaser unit employees’ experiences of patient pathways from specialist healthcare to primary healthcare in Norway
Authors: Killie Paul , Jakobsen Rita , Sørensen Kari Engen , Debesay Jonas 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Understanding the purchaser–provider split model in the patient pathway is important. The purchaser is a key player in managing the flow between specialist and municipal healthcare services. A smoother patient transfer has been a priority in Norway, but also challenging. Accordingly, this study aims to describe and explain how the purchasers operate as liaisons during patient transfers from specialist to primary healthcare services. Methods Eleven interviews were conducted with employees at purchaser units in primary healthcare in Norway. The interviewees’ professional backgrounds were in nursing and physiotherapy, as well as casework, and management. The interviews took place in 2018–2019 and analyzed with Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis strategy. Results The interviewees’ views reflected the changes they experienced in the wake of healthcare reforms in specialist healthcare services and municipal healthcare institutions. Three themes emerged from the analyses: (1) increased efficiency requirements after the Coordination Reform, (2) better reporting systems and the need for role clarifications in contact with hospitals, and (3) the need for good assessments for safe transfer to the municipality. Discussion Purchaser unit employees’ experiences with patient pathways point towards a need for certain changes. There is a need for increased efficiency requirements for purchasing units, even with new electronic tools, as well as a growing need for better reporting systems and a common understanding between the service levels about what patients can expect in the municipalities.
Timely intervention, monitoring and education MATTERS in MS (TIME MATTERS in MS): Development of a globally applicable quality improvement tool
Authors: Hobart Jeremy , Butzkueven Helmut , Haartsen Jodi , Ziemssen Tjalf , Lane Thirusha , Giovannoni Gavin 
Published: September 2022

Background Previously, consensus MS care standards were defined by MS specialist neurologists from 19 countries. We developed, piloted and refined an Excel-based quality improvement tool to enable MS services to benchmark against these standards. Here, we examine the refined tool. Objective To determine the applicability of the quality improvement tool in different healthcare settings. Methods MS centres across the globe were invited to pilot the quality improvement tool by coding the medical records of 36 adults with MS. We invited feedback on user friendliness, quality improvement tool usefulness and relevance of data collected. Results Seventeen centres from 14 countries participated; 14 completed the post-service evaluation survey. Over 50% of responders rated the tool ‘very easy’ or ‘easy’ to use and ‘very relevant’ to their service. Almost 85% of responders (11/13) planned to introduce changes to their service, including improvements in documentation, communication, interactions with colleagues and referrals; 85% would use a future shorter version of the tool. Conclusions The quality improvement tool can enable MS centres globally to benchmark their services. Widespread uptake of a shorter tool may help MS centres to work towards achieving consensus standards for brain health-focused care. Incorporation into routine clinical practice would drive adoption.
Relationship Between Diabetes-Related Complications and Sleep Complaints in Older Mexican Americans
Authors: Sultana Rizwana , Downer Brian , Chen Nai-wei , Raji Mukaila , Fernandez David , Al Snih Soham 
Published: September 2022

Introduction/Objective: The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is increasing in the older American population, especially Mexican Americans. Sleep disorders are common in older adults with T2DM. This study examined the relationship between T2DM-related complications and sleep complaints in older Mexican Americans over 9 years of follow-up. Methods: Study included 310 participants aged 77 years or older with self-reported diabetes from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (2007/08-2016). Results: Of the 310 participants, the mean age was 82.04 years. The cohort had significantly more females (69.03%) than males (30.97%). A substantial number of participants had trouble falling asleep (16.13%), waking up several times (36.45%), trouble staying asleep (15.16%), and feeling tired and worn out after waking up (12.90%). The percent of diabetes complications were 70.2% for circulation problems, 58.2% for eye disorders, 15.9% for kidney disease, and 4.4% for amputation. Participants who experienced sleep complaints for 15 or more days in a month were more likely to experience diabetic complications. Discussion: This study demonstrated a significant relationship between T2DM macro- and micro-vascular complications and increased risk of sleep disorders in older Mexican Americans.
Characteristics and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand
Authors: Phattharapornjaroen Phatthranit , Nimnuan Waratchaya , Sanguanwit Pitsucha , Atiksawedparit Pongsakorn , Phontabtim Malivan , Mankong Yahya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and bystander CPR with public-access defibrillation improves OHCA survival outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed many challenges for emergency medical services (EMS), including the suggestion of compression-only resuscitation and recommendations for complete personal protective equipment, which have created operational difficulties and prolonged response time. However, the risk factors affecting OHCA outcomes during the pandemic are poorly defined. This study aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of OHCA patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective cohort study used data from electronic medical records and EMS paper records. All OHCA patients who visited Ramathibodi Hospital’s emergency department before COVID-19 (March 2018 to December 2019) and during COVID-19 (March 2020-December 2021) were identified, and the number of emergency department returns of spontaneous circulation (ED-ROSC) and characteristics in OHCA patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand were collected.

Results
A total of 136 patients were included (78 men [59.1%]; mean [SD] age, 67.9 [18] years); 60 of these were during the COVID-19 period (beginning March 2020), and 76 were before the COVID-19 period. The overall baseline characteristics that differed significantly between the two groups were bystander witness and mode of chest compression (p-values < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). The ED ROSC during the COVID-19 period was significantly lower than before the COVID-19 period (26.67% vs. 46.05%, adjusted OR 0.21, p-value < 0.001). There were significant differences in survival to admission between the COVID-19 period and before (25.00% and 40.79%, adjusted OR 0.26, p-value 0.005). However, 30-day survivals were not significantly different (3.3% during the COVID-19 period and 10.53% before the COVID-19 period).

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand, ED ROSC and survival to admission in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients were significantly reduced. Additionally, the witness responses and mode of chest compression were very different between the two groups.

Trial registration
This trial was retrospectively registered on 7 December 2021 in the Thai Clinical Trial Registry, identification number TCTR20211207006.
A top-down approach for a multi-scale identification of risk areas in infrastructures: particularization in a case study on road safety
Authors: Rúa Erik , Comesaña-Cebral Lino , Arias Pedro , Martínez-Sánchez Joaquín 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Transport infrastructures have an important function in society and the development of a country. In Spain, the most used modes of traveler transport are road and rail, far ahead of other means of transport such as air or maritime transport. Both rail and road infrastructures can be affected by numerous hazards, endangering their performance and the safety of users. This study proposes a methodology with a multiscale top-down approach to identify the areas affected by fire, landslide, and safety in road and rail infrastructures in Galicia (Northwest Spain).

Methodology
The methodology is developed in three steps, coinciding with the three scales considered in this work: network-, system-, and object-level. In the first step, risk areas are identified and prioritized, resulting in the most critical safety risk in a motorway section. This area defines a study scenario composed of a location (A-55 motorway) and the associated risk (road safety). In the second step, the road safety factors within this scenario are selected, hierarchized, and weighted using a combination of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods including the Analytical Hierarchy Process and the Best–Worst Method. Finally, a risk map is generated based on the weighting of infrastructure-related safety factors and compared to real historical accident data for validation. The methodology is based on road and risk assessment standards and only information in the public domain is used.

Results
Results show that only 3 segments out of 153 were classified incorrectly, which supports a probability higher than 95% of agreement with real data (at 5% significance level). In a conclusion, the overall methodology exhibits a high potential for hazard prevention and road-safety enhancement.
Microbiological characteristics of different tongue coatings in adults
Authors: He Caihong , Liao Qiaoyun , Fu Peng , Li Jinyou , Zhao Xinxiu , Zhang Qin , Gui Qifeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Tongue coating is an important health indicator in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The tongue coating microbiome can distinguish disease patients from healthy controls. To study the relationship between different types of tongue coatings and health, we analyzed the species composition of different types of tongue coatings and the co-occurrence relationships between microorganisms in Chinese adults.
From June 2019 to October 2020, 158 adults from Hangzhou and Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, were enrolled. We classified the TCM tongue coatings into four different types: thin white tongue fur (TWF), thin yellow tongue fur (TYF), white greasy tongue fur (WGF), and yellow greasy tongue fur (YGF). Tongue coating specimens were collected and used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq system. Wilcoxon rank-sum and permutational multivariate analysis of variance tests were used to analyze the data. The microbial networks in the four types of tongue coatings were inferred independently using sparse inverse covariance estimation for ecological association inference.

Results
The microbial composition was similar among the different tongue coatings; however, the abundance of microorganisms differed. TWF had a higher abundance of Fusobacterium periodonticum and Neisseria mucosa, the highest α-diversity, and a highly connected community (average degree = 3.59, average closeness centrality = 0.33). TYF had the lowest α-diversity, but the most species in the co-occurrence network diagram (number of nodes = 88). The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was associated with tongue coating (P = 0.035), and the YGF and TYF groups had higher PLR values. In the co-occurrence network, Aggregatibacter segnis was the “driver species” of the TWF and TYF groups and correlated with C-reactive protein (P < 0.05). Streptococcus anginosus was the “driver species” in the YGF and TWF groups and was positively correlated with body mass index and weight (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Different tongue coatings have similar microbial compositions but different abundances of certain bacteria. The co-occurrence of microorganisms in the different tongue coatings also varies. The significance of different tongue coatings in TCM theory is consistent with the characteristics and roles of the corresponding tongue-coating microbes. This further supports considering tongue coating as a risk factor for disease.