bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra‐aortic balloon pump impacts the regional haemodynamics of patients with cardiogenic shock treated with femoro‐femoral veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Xu Bo , Li Chenglong , Cai Tong , Cui Yongchao , Du Zhongtao , Fan Qiushi , Guo Dong , Jiang Chunjing , Xing Zhichen , Xin Meng , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Liangshan , Yang Feng , Jia Ming , Wang Hong , Hou Xiaotong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate the impact of intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) on the regional haemodynamics of patients with severe cardiogenic shock undergoing femoro‐femoral veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO).Methods and resultsFrom July 2017 to April 2018, a total of 39 adult patients with cardiogenic shock receiving both IABP and ECMO for circulatory support were enrolled consecutively in a university‐affiliated cardiac surgery intensive care unit. The blood flow rates (BFRs) of the bilateral femoral artery (IABP side: iFA, ECMO side: eFA) and carotid artery (left: LCA, right: RCA) and the velocity time integral (VTI) of aortic root were assessed by ultrasonography and compared when IABP was on and off. Seventeen of 39 (43.6%) patients survived to discharge, and 29 (74.4%) survived on ECMO. A total of 172 pairs of data (IABP on and off) were collected in this study, measured on the median of 2.0 (1.0, 4.5) days after patients received VA‐ECMO. The BFR on both sides of FA (iFA: 176.4 ± 104.5 vs. 152.2 ± 139.8 mL/min, P < 0.01; eFA: 299.3 ± 279.9 vs. 242.4 ± 258.8 mL/min, P < 0.01) and the aortic VTI (10.1 ± 4.4 vs. 8.5 ± 4.4 cm, P < 0.01) decreased significantly when turning the IABP off, while the BFR on both sides of CA remained unchanged (LCA: 555.7 ± 326.9 vs. 578.6 ± 328.0 mL/min, P = 0.27; RCA: 550.0 ± 331.1 vs. 533.0 ± 303.5 mL/min, P = 0.30). The LCA BFR dramatically increased after turning the IABP off (296.8 ± 129.7 vs. 401.4 ± 278.1 mL/min, P = 0.02) in patients with cardiac stunning (defined as pulse pressure ≤ 5 mmHg). However, there was no significant difference in LCA BFR between IABP‐On and IABD‐Off (359.6 ± 105.4 mL/min vs. 389.6 ± 139.3 mL/min, P = 0.31) in patients with cardiac stunning receiving a higher ECMO blood flow (> 3.5 L/min).ConclusionsConcomitant IABP used in patients undergoing femoro‐femoral VA‐ECMO was associated with increased aortic VTI and BFR in bilateral FA. The change in CA BFR depended on cardiac function. A decreased LCA BFR was observed in patients with cardiac stunning when IABP was turned on, which might be compensated by a higher ECMO blood flow. Further study is needed to confirm the relationship between BFR and extremities and neurological complications.
Geochemical characteristics of shoreline sediments from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh: Implications for provenance and source‐rock weathering
Authors: Hossain H. M. Zakir , Kamei Atsushi , Araoka Daisuke 
Published: May 2022

The detrital mode and geochemical composition of sediments from a coastal section of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, were examined to identify sediment distribution, maturity, provenance and source‐area weathering. The sediments are quartz‐rich with little feldspar and few lithic fragments (Q78F10L12), indicating derivation from a quartzose recycled orogen. The sediments exhibit high SiO2 (88–94 wt%) and low Al2O3 (4–5 wt%) contents. SiO2 shows a marked linear trend and strong negative correlation with Al2O3 (r = −0.95), consistent with the high quartz content. The upper continental crust (UCC) normalization patterns for the sediments show marked depletion in Na2O, CaO, MgO, Sr, Sc and Fe–V, but slightly increased Th and SiO2, indicating a felsic UCC source. The sediments have low to moderate compositional maturity and are classified as sublitharenite. The Al2O3/TiO2 ratio (15–38) suggests that the sediments were derived from intermediate to felsic igneous rocks. Rare‐earth element profiles, discrimination diagrams and various elemental ratios are all consistent with the derivation of the sediment from a felsic igneous source area. The values of the chemical index of alteration (~65–69), chemical index of weathering (~75–84) and plagioclase index of alteration (~70–81) indicate that the source rocks underwent moderate chemical weathering. Comparison with potential Himalayan sediment sources and rocks support derivation of the investigated shoreline sediments from felsic quartzose recycled detritus of that area.
Stepping into adulthood during a recession: Did job losses during the Great Recession impact health of young adults?
Authors: Alam Shamma Adeeb , Bose Bijetri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis is the first study to comprehensively examine the impact of job losses during the Great Recession on mental health, physical health, health behavior, and risky health behavior of young adults (ages 18–27). We employ U.S. longitudinal data with individual fixed effects to control for time‐invariant factors that may bias the results. We find that job losses during the recession of young adults living by themselves led to increased onset of doctor‐diagnosed mental health problems and worries related to jobs. Poorer individuals suffered more from increased worries, obesity, and binge drinking. In contrast, for those living with their parents, job loss of young adults did not negatively affect their own health. Instead, fathers' job losses led to worse mental health, physical health, and health behavior for young adults. Overall, the results suggest that when living on their own, young adults were responsible for their households' livelihood, and consequently, own job losses led to stress and negative health outcomes. However, when living with parents, they were financially reliant on their parents. Therefore, own job losses did not affect health, but job losses of fathers, the primary income earners for most households, worsened the health of young adults.
College Students' Conceptualizations of Academic Reading: What Metaphors Suggest About the Important Role of Purpose in College Reading and Learning
Authors: Theriault Jennifer C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn important part of college learning is the ability to comprehend complex texts. Research indicates that epistemic beliefs—views about what knowledge is like and how people come to know—may guide readers' goals and behaviors. Metaphor is a tool for uncovering individual's beliefs. This article reports on a study examining 90 beginning university students' conceptualizations—broad‐based understandings and views—of academic reading through collecting metaphors and explanations. Through metaphor analysis, collective patterns of three themes emerged: consumption, obligation, and destination. Threaded across themes was the notion of compliance. Implications center on how college faculty who teach beginning college students might support students' learning in college through (re)examining intentionality of reading in their courses, providing purposeful, specific assignments to accompany reading, and using metaphors to communicate the purposes of reading. Findings from this study, overlayed with previous research, present a need to emphasize the purpose of academic reading tasks in college reading and learning.
Multiple relapses into opiate and crack misuse among people in recovery: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Klein Maike , Dixon Jeremy , Butler Catherine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRelapsing multiple times back into opiate and crack cocaine misuse significantly increases the risk for overdose death, of which rates continue to soar worldwide. This study aims to provide an in‐depth understanding of opiate and crack relapse from the lived experience perspectives of people in recovery from substance misuse. Semi‐structured interviews were held, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed two superordinate themes which highlighted the impact of relapse on an individual's sense of self, their conceptualizations of relapse, and their approach to recovery thereafter. The study offers implications and future directions for mental health authorities and addiction professionals.
Cumulative Endogenous Estrogen Exposure Is Associated With Postmenopausal Fracture Risk: The Women's Health Initiative Study
Authors: LeBlanc Erin S , Hovey Kathleen M , Cauley Jane A , Stefanick Marcia , Peragallo Rachel , Naughton Michelle J , Andrews Christopher A , Crandall Carolyn J 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cumulative endogenous estrogen exposure and fracture risk in 150,682 postmenopausal women (aged 50 to 79 years at baseline) who participated in the Women's Health Initiative. We hypothesized that characteristics indicating lower cumulative endogenous estrogen exposure would be associated with increased fracture risk. We determined ages at menarche and menopause as well as history of irregular menses from baseline questionnaires and calculated years of endogenous estrogen exposure from ages at menarche and menopause. Incident clinical fractures were self-reported over an average 16.7 years of follow-up. We used multivariable proportional hazards models to assess the associations between the estrogen-related variables and incidence of any clinical fracture. In fully adjusted models, those with the fewest years of endogenous estrogen exposure (&lt;30) had an 11% higher risk of developing central body fractures and a 9% higher risk of lower extremity fractures than women with 36 to 40 years of endogenous estrogen exposure (the reference category). In contrast, women with the most years of endogenous estrogen exposure (more than 45 years) had a 9% lower risk of lower extremity fractures than the reference category. Women with irregular (not monthly) menstrual cycles were 7% to 8% more likely to experience lower extremity fractures than women with regular monthly cycles. Our findings support the hypothesis that characteristics signifying lower cumulative endogenous estrogen exposure are associated with higher fracture risk. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Genetic counseling and diagnostic genetic testing for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia: A qualitative study of client experiences
Authors: Crook Ashley , Jacobs Chris , Newton‐John Toby , McEwen Alison 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenetic counseling and diagnostic genetic testing is part of the multidisciplinary care of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, commonly called motor neurone disease, MND) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We explored client experiences of genetic counseling and diagnostic testing to inform the care of future families. Semi‐structured interviews with individuals with ALS/MND/FTD or their relatives were conducted. The study was designed to include a wide variety of participants with varying disease status and abilities. Genetic counseling and diagnostic testing experiences were explored using interpretive description methodology. Bioecological theory was used as the framework for the reflexive thematic analysis. Eighteen individuals with ALS/MND/FTD or their relatives from 13 Australian families participated. Three themes were identified: sharing knowledge, (un)supportive care, and ‘circumstance is everything’. Consistent with bioecological theory, one’s genetic counseling experience was informed by individual circumstances, time, and proximal factors. These informed the level of information and support required in the genetic counseling process. Although some client circumstances cannot be changed, efforts could be made to enhance genetic counseling experiences by improving interactions between the client and their care team. Some clients may benefit from further discussions regarding the familial implications of genetic testing, and greater support with family communication. Clients’ needs were derived from the data and will contribute to genetic counseling consensus guidelines.
Identification of clinical candidates against West Nile virus by activity screening in vitro and effect evaluation in vivo
Authors: Tang Hailin , Liu Yang , Ren Ruiwen , Liu Yan , He Yanhua , Qi Zhongtian , Peng Haoran , Zhao Ping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the flavivirus and is known to cause encephalitis. There is currently no specific treatment for WNV infection. Repurposing of clinically approved drugs appeared promising for rapidly identifying effective, safe, and readily available candidates for antiviral drugs. Here, we screened the small‐molecule compounds with anti‐WNV activity from 978 Food Drug Administration‐approved drugs. Four compounds, including cilnidipine, mycophenolate mofetil, nitazoxanide, and teriflunomide, were found to efficiently abrogate WNV infection in Vero cells and human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. The four compounds also exert broad‐spectrum antiviral activity against the Zika virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, tick‐borne encephalitis virus, and chikungunya virus. Furthermore, nitazoxanide (a synthetic benzamide) and teriflunomide (an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, DHODH) protected 20% and 40% of mice from lethal WNV challenge, respectively. Both drugs, which are orally bioavailable and have been approved clinically for many years, may be promising therapeutics for WNV infection. Moreover, the other two DHODH inhibitors, ML390 and vidofludimus, also displayed potent activity against WNV infection in vitro and in vivo.
T‐stage downstaging of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is not associated with reduced recurrence after adjusting for tumour characteristics
Authors: Hayes Ian P. , Milanzi Elasma , Pelly Rachel M. , Gibbs Peter , Reece Jeanette C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrior studies examining prognostic outcomes of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinomas achieving a complete pathological response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) did not adjust for adverse prognostic factors in multivariate analyses and account for magnetic resonance imaging tumour staging inaccuracy pre‐nCRT. We aimed to clarify prognostic outcomes in mT3 rectal adenocarcinomas with ypT‐downstaging post‐nCRT in robust adjusted analyses.MethodsRetrospective analysis of prospectively‐collected clinical data from 528 mT3 rectal adenocarcinomas ≤12 cm from the anal verge, any N‐stage, no metastases, post‐nCRT following total mesorectal excision (TME). Recurrence outcomes (local and distant combined) of tumours with complete ypT‐downstaging (ypT0) post‐nCRT before TME compared with no ypT‐downstaging (≥ypT3) were examined using multivariate Cox regression, adjusting for confounders and accounting for pre‐nCRT mT3‐staging inaccuracy using bootstrapping.ResultsComplete ypT‐downstaging was achieved in of 17.6% tumours and correlated strongly with complete pathological response. Complete ypT‐downstaging was not associated with reduced recurrence hazards compared with no ypT‐downstaging (hazard ratio = 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23−1.56; p = 0.30). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and ypN+ve increased recurrence hazards by 1.8‐fold (95% CI: 1.10−2.79; p = 0.02) and 2.3‐fold (95% CI: 1.48−3.54; p = 0.0002), respectively.ConclusionComplete ypT‐downstaging was not associated with reduced recurrence after adjusting for confounders and accounting for mT3‐staging inaccuracy, even in the absence of adverse prognostic factors (ypN+, LVI).
Stimulated Raman Histology for Rapid Intra‐Operative Diagnosis of Sinonasal and Skull Base Tumors
Authors: Fitzgerald Conall W.R. , Dogan Snjezana , Bou‐Nassif Rabih , Mclean Tim , Woods Robbie , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Ganly Ian , Tabar Viviane , Cohen Marc A. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveIntra‐operative stimulated Raman histology (SRH) is a novel technology that uses laser spectroscopy and color‐matching algorithms to create images similar to the formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) section. We aim to assess the accuracy of SRH in a novel range of sinonasal and skull base tumors.MethodsSelect patients undergoing sinonasal and skull base surgery using the Invenio Imaging™ Nio™ Laser Imaging SRH system between June 2020 and September 2021 were assessed. The SRH images were reviewed for pathologic features similar to frozen section (FS) and FFPE. Time taken for results and diagnostic concordance was assessed.ResultsSixty‐seven SRH images from 7 tumor types in 12 patients were assessed. Pathologies included squamous cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, inverted papilloma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, SMARCB1‐deficient sinonasal carcinoma, mucosal melanoma, metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma, and meningioma. Tumor was identified in 100% of lesional specimens, with characteristic diagnostic features readily appreciable on SRH. Median time for diagnosis was significantly faster for SRH (4.3 min) versus FS (44.5 min; p = <.0001). Where SRH sample site matched precisely to FS (n = 32/67, 47.8%), the same diagnosis was confirmed in 93.8%. Sensitivity, specificity, precision, and overall accuracy of SRH were 93.3%, 94.1%, 93.8%, and 93.3%, respectively. Near‐perfect concordance was seen between SRH and FS (Cohen's kappa [κ] = 0.89).ConclusionStimulated Raman histology can rapidly produce images similar to FFPE H&E in sinonasal and skull base tumors. This technology has the potential to act as an adjunct or alternative to standard FS.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:2142–2147, 2022
Silk‐Elastin‐Like‐Protein/Graphene‐Oxide Composites for Dynamic Electronic Biomaterials
Authors: Martín‐Moldes Zaira , Spey Quintin , Bhatacharya Tiara , Kaplan David L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenetically engineered silk‐elastin‐like‐proteins (SELPs) synthesized with the combination of silk and elastin domains are bioengineered to also contain a graphene oxide (GO) binding domain. The conductivity and mechanical stability of graphene, combined with SELP‐specific graphene interfaces are pursued as dynamic hybrid materials, toward biomaterial‐based electronic switches. The resulting bioengineered proteins with added GO demonstrate cytocompatibility and conductivity that could be modulated by changing hydrogel size in response to temperature due to the SELP chemistry. Upon increased temperature, the gels coalesce and contract, providing sufficient condensed spacing to facilitate conductivity via the graphene domains, a feature that is lost at lower temperatures with the more expanded hydrogels. This thermally induced contraction‐expansion is reversible and cyclable, providing an “on–off” conductive switch driven by temperature‐driven hydrogel shape‐change.
Recent advances in LC‐MS‐based metabolomics for clinical biomarker discovery
Authors: Chen Chao‐Jung , Lee Der‐Yen , Yu Jiaxin , Lin Yu‐Ning , Lin Tsung‐Min 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe employment of liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) untargeted and targeted metabolomics has led to the discovery of novel biomarkers and improved the understanding of various disease mechanisms. Numerous strategies have been reported to expand the metabolite coverage in LC‐MS‐untargeted and targeted metabolomics. To improve the sensitivity of low‐abundance or poor‐ionized metabolites for reducing the amount of clinical sample, chemical derivatization methods are used to target different functional groups. Proper sample preparation is beneficial for reducing the matrix effect, maintaining the stability of the LC‐MS system, and increasing the metabolite coverage. Machine learning has recently been integrated into the workflow of LC‐MS metabolomics to accelerate metabolite identification and data‐processing automation, and increase the accuracy of disease classification and clinical outcome prediction. Due to the rapidly growing utility of LC‐MS metabolomics in discovering disease markers, this review will address the recent advances in the field and offer perspectives on various strategies for expanding metabolite coverage, chemical derivatization, sample preparation, clinical disease markers, and machining learning for disease modeling.
Passive OFE multi‐Gbps VLC transmission using POF as a feeder line
Authors: Ribeiro Barbio Corrêa Carina , Mekonnen Ketema Addis , Huijskens Frans , Koonen Ton , Tangdiongga Eduward 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel in‐home communication system employing plastic optical fibers (POFs) acting both as transmission medium and access point for wireless links to user devices, hence no separate luminaires or optical–electrical–optical conversions is required. All active devices, such as lasers/detectors, can be remotely placed from the room ceilings, resulting in fully passive optical front‐ends, which is beneficial for maintenance and upgrading. We approach two concepts, the first aims to realize small but high‐capacity hotspots in a room, the second creates larger coverage areas to increase the number of users and allow user's mobility. The wavelength division multiplexing concept is used to maximize the wireless throughput and to serve different wireless access points on the ceilings from a single POF feeder. A transmission link comprising eye‐safe transceivers, 1‐mm core diameter step‐index POF, and free space link, achieving multi‐gigabit throughputs using spectral efficient modulation formats, is demonstrated.
The single‐wavelength 561 nm laser based on reflective volume Bragg grating
Authors: Chang Aolei , Wu Chunting , Yao Wenming , Wang Peng , Chen Jiansheng , Tan Huiming , Tian Yubing , Wu Xiaodong , Gao Jing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article presents 561 nm single‐wavelength laser by laser diode end‐pumped Nd:YAG crystal. The reflective volume Bragg grating is used as the output coupling mirror to effectively select the center wavelength of 1123 nm. The single wavelength laser output at 561 nm is obtained by intracavity frequency doubling via LBO crystal cut in accordance with Type I phase matching condition. When the pump power is 4 W, the output power reaches 229.6 mW, and the power instability is less than 3% within 5 min. Experiments show that the reflective volume Bragg grating acts as both a frequency selection element and an output coupling mirror, which simplifies the resonator structure and improves the laser output power.
A novel cross‐coupled filter with triangular resonators
Authors: Zhang Simo , Huang Zhengwei , Cheng Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, a novel isosceles right triangle resonators filter is presented based on cross‐coupling technology. The whole filter is a square structure and it consists of four isosceles right triangle resonators. By introducing negative cross‐coupling between two resonators, a fourth‐order cross‐coupling dielectric waveguide filter with two out‐of‐band transmission zeros (TZs) is implemented. By changing the sign of the coupling coefficient, the TZ can be changed around the passband. Positive coupling is achieved through a coupling partition and shallow coupling blind holes, and negative coupling is achieved through symmetrical upper and lower blind holes. The new resonator structure is introduced and the design, simulation, and physical measurement of the filter are discussed. The results show that the center frequency of the filter is 3.5 GHz and the relative bandwidth is 5.7%. The passband return loss is more than 14 dB, the insertion loss is less than 0.1 dB.