bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myths of Popular Psychology Among University Students and Teachers: Does Training in Psychology Reduce Belief in Myths?
Authors: Varea Elena , Enesco Ileana , Guerrero Silvia , Barrios Paula 
Published: November 2022

Background: The study of myths in psychology has conceptual and educational relevance: How to adapt the teaching of psychology to confront myths with grounded knowledge? A first step is to know which myths prevail and its relation to training in psychology. Objective: To explore myth's prevalence among Spanish first-year university students of Social (SS) and Engineering Sciences (ES) (Study 1), and among different levels of expertise in psychology (Study 2). Method: Questionnaire including 21 myths. Study 1: 175 first-year SS and ES undergraduates. Study 2: 102 lay, semi-experts and experts in psychology. Results: Lower prevalence of myths among Spanish students than in other countries (approx. 37% vs. 60%), with SS students performing better than ES students. Experts performed significantly better (14% myths endorsed) than lay students (33%), but not than semi-experts (19%). Conclusions: The lower prevalence of myths compared to other countries may be due to methodological and sociocultural aspects. University training in psychology helps to better identify myths but does not eradicate them. Teaching Implications: Need to reflect on the little progress beyond a medium level of expertise. Teachers and students must identify their own myths and work on them in classroom, promoting critical thinking.
The association between late-onset keratitis in congenital cytomegalovirus infection: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Chien Hsiang-Wen , Lee Chia-Yi , Huang Jing-Yang , Chen Hung-Chi , Wang Kai , Yang Shun-Fa 
Published: November 2022

Aim To estimate the relationship between congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and late-onset keratitis via use of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Methods We yielded this retrospective cohort study and subjects with congenital CMV infection, which according to the diagnostic codes and laboratory exam, were selected as our study group that diagnosed with congenital CMV infection. Each participant in the study group was matched to four individuals without the non-congenital CMV infection by propensity-score matching (PSM) process and the latter served as the control group. The main outcome is the late-onset keratitis that occurs one year after the congenital CMV infection diagnosis. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to produce the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of late-onset keratitis between two groups. Results There were 426 (7.4%) and 1,516 (6.5%) events of keratitis in the study and control groups. The study group revealed significantly higher ratio of late-onset keratitis than control group after adjusting many confounders (adjusted HR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27), and the cumulative probability of keratitis in the study group was also higher than control group. For the subgroup analysis, the existence of severe congenital CMV infection was significantly correlated to the late-onset keratitis in individuals with congenital CMV infection (adjusted HR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.01–2.70; P < 0.05). Conclusion The congenital CMV infection is related to higher rate of late-onset keratitis, especially for those with severe form.
Perception and Experience of Youth About Youths Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Western Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Tilahun Temesgen , Tesfaye Bekuma Tariku , Getachew Motuma , Oljira Rut , Seme Assefa 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The use of youth sexual and reproductive health (YSRH) services is low in poor nations like Ethiopia. This puts individuals at risk for a variety of sexual and reproductive health issues. Thus, the goal of this study is to evaluate how young people in East Wollega, Western Ethiopia, perceive and use YSRH services. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional quantitative study mixed with a qualitative inquiry was conducted among 771 participants from February 1 to 28, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using pretested structured questionnaires adopted from reviewed works of literature on YSRH services. Data were entered using Epi Info version 7.0 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. The qualitative data was collected using interview guides and checklists. These data were analyzed using a thematic framework approach. Results: In this study, 48.2% of teens felt that the YSRH service units’ location within the medical facilities was inconvenient and difficult to access. More than half, 71.3% of participants, concurred that the health providers offer services that are technically sound. The confidentiality of information is disputed by 18% of participants at YSRH service locations. The limited awareness and use of YSRH services was investigated. Because of their fear of embarrassment, lack of privacy, the providers’ attitudes and workload, and the service unit’s awkward location, the adolescents believe they lack the confidence to use YSRH services. Conclusion: Due to low awareness, providers’ attitudes, and characteristics specific to health facilities, such as poorly placed service sites inside such facilities, a lack of services offered there, and a terrible work environment, youth had a negative opinion of YSRH services. Therefore, it is advised that families, local authorities, the medical field, the educational field, and the media all collaborate to alter public opinions of juveniles by utilizing youth-friendly strategies. The authors advise health facilities to respect young people’s privacy, alter health workers’ attitudes, let them use the services, remove obstacles to payment, designate enough health workers for both working and non-working hours, and reorganize the services.
Pregnancy and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: 2022 recommendations from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society
Authors: Vukusic Sandra , Marignier Romain , Ciron Jonathan , Bourre Bertrand , Cohen Mikael , Deschamps Romain , Guillaume Maxime , Kremer Laurent , Pique Julie , Carra-Dalliere Clarisse , Michel Laure , Leray Emmanuelle , Guennoc Anne-Marie , Laplaud David , Androdias Géraldine , Bensa Caroline , Bigaut Kevin , Biotti Damien , Branger Pierre , Casez Olivier , Daval Elodie , Donze Cécile , Dubessy Anne-Laure , Dulau Cécile , Durand-Dubief Françoise , Hebant Benjamin , Kwiatkowski Arnaud , Lannoy Julien , Maarouf Adil , Manchon Eric , Mathey Guillaume , Moisset Xavier , Montcuquet Alexis , Roux Thomas , Maillart Elisabeth , Lebrun-Frenay Christine 
Published: November 2022

Background: In 2020, the French Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Society (SFSEP) decided to develop a national evidence-based consensus on pregnancy in MS. As neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) shares a series of commonalities with MS, but also some significant differences, specific recommendations had to be developed. Objectives: To establish recommendations on pregnancy in women with NMOSD. Methods: The French Group for Recommendations in Multiple Sclerosis (France4MS) reviewed PubMed and universities databases (January 1975 through June 2021). The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method, which was developed to synthesise the scientific literature and expert opinions on health care topics, was used to reach a formal agreement. Fifty-six MS experts worked on the full-text review and initial wording of recommendations. A sub-group of nine NMOSD experts was dedicated to analysing available data on NMOSD. A group of 62 multidisciplinary healthcare specialists validated the final proposal of summarised evidence. Results: A strong agreement was reached for all 66 proposed recommendations. They cover diverse topics, such as pregnancy planning, follow-up during pregnancy and postpartum, delivery routes, loco-regional analgesia or anaesthesia, prevention of postpartum relapses, breastfeeding, vaccinations, reproductive assistance, management of relapses, and disease-modifying treatments. Conclusion: Physicians and patients should be aware of the new and specific evidence-based recommendations of the French MS Society for pregnancy in women with NMOSD. They should help harmonise counselling and treatment practise, allowing for better individualised choices.
Dementia ECHO: Evaluation of a telementoring programme to increase dementia knowledge and skills in First Nations-led health services
Authors: Haydon Helen M , Caffery Liam J , Snoswell Centaine L , Thomas Emma E , Wright Roderick , Doolan Rachel , Garner Lisa , Aitken Phil , Smith Anthony C 
Published: November 2022

Introduction High rates of dementia among Australian First Nations’ peoples have resulted in an increased demand for dementia knowledge and skills among the primary health care professionals in these communities. The Dementia Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) program aims to be a culturally safe way of increasing local health workforce capacity by facilitating dementia knowledge, skills and confidence among primary care professionals in First Nations community settings. Dementia ECHO is based on the international evidence-based telementoring programme, Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes. Every Dementia ECHO session is delivered by videoconference and comprises a specialist-led presentation and a case discussion from a primary care health service participant. The aims of this study were to assess the uptake and reach of Dementia ECHO; examine the perceived importance of dementia care and dementia education among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Service staff; and evaluate the potential impact of Dementia ECHO on health service staff pertaining to dementia knowledge, confidence to provide dementia care and professional isolation. Method Dementia ECHO service activity data maintained by the programme providers was reviewed to determine uptake and reach. A pre-implementation survey examined Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Service staff perspectives on the importance of dementia education and the priority of a range of health issues. After each Dementia ECHO session, a brief online survey gathered quantitative and qualitative data regarding the potential impact of the session. Results Of 30 completed pre-implementation surveys, all staff rated dementia education as either very important or important. Salient themes highlighting why it is important are presented. When asked to rank six different health priorities, dementia ( n = 10) and chronic disease ( n = 10) were placed as the top priority. The brief post-session feedback provided 44 complete survey responses demonstrating: perceived improvement in dementia knowledge and skills (88.4%); increased confidence to provide dementia care (83%); and a reduction in professional isolation (88%). Conclusion Dementia ECHO addresses a gap in dementia education that is much needed in health professionals with increasing numbers of First Nations people living with dementia. This current study shows that attending an evidence-based telementoring programme, such as Dementia ECHO, can increase dementia knowledge and confidence to care for someone living with dementia and their families.
Trigger Thumb in Pediatric Patients: A 20-Year Update
Authors: Ray Shea B. , Gibbs Christopher M. , Fowler John R. 
Published: November 2022

Background: The study purpose was to analyze the characteristics of patients presenting for evaluation of pediatric trigger thumb over a 20-year period and to determine what factors were associated with operative versus nonoperative management. Methods: All patients evaluated for a pediatric trigger thumb by 1 of 2 hand surgeons at our institution between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2021, were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected, including patient demographics, laterality, patient age and stage of triggering at presentation, treatment recommendations, age at surgery (if performed), and complications. Comparison was made based on age group (<2 years, 2-5 years, and >5 years). Subgroup analysis was performed for patients who had alternative treatments recommended prior to surgery. Results: A total of 381 patients (468 thumbs) were identified. The average age at presentation was 3.1 years, 76% were stage IV locked trigger thumbs, and 78% underwent surgery. Patients below 2 years were more likely to have bilateral involvement and have nonoperative management recommended prior to surgery. Those below 5 years were more likely to present with stage IV triggering. Patients who presented with a stage IV trigger thumb and had an initial alternative treatment were more likely to go on to have surgery. The total complication rate was 5.3%. Conclusions: These findings are helpful in counseling families and better understanding this patient population. We recommend early surgical intervention, rather than observation or splinting, for patients with stage IV trigger thumbs who can safely undergo anesthesia.
Antagonism of m3 Alleviates Type 2 Inflammation in Allergic Rhinitis Mice
Authors: Chen Yu , Huang Aijie , Tan Guolin , Liu Honghui 
Published: November 2022

Background Type 2 immune cells play a pivotal role in allergic rhinitis (AR). Increasing evidence shows that inhibition of cholinergic nerve activity decreases the severity of airway diseases including asthma and AR. However, the role of the cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 (m3) in type 2 inflammation in AR is unknown. Objective We aimed to investigate the effect of m3 on the type 2 immune response, including both T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated and type 2 innate lymphocyte (ILC2)-mediated inflammation, in AR. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from human were cultured in vitro. Treatment with the m3 antagonist 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide (4-DAMP) was used. The percentages of Th2 and ILC2 cells in PBMCs were evaluated by flow cytometry. AR mouse models were established by house dust mite (HDM) sensitization, and treated with tiotropium intranasally. The expression of Th2 cytokines, ILC2 cytokines and related factors in the nasal mucosa was assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum HDM-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Both Th2 and ILC2 percentages in PBMCs were decreased after 4-DAMP treatment. Similarly, the levels of Th2 cytokines (interleukin 4 [IL-4] and IL-13) and ILC2 cytokines and related factors (IL-25, IL-33, GATA3 and RORα) were significantly decreased in the nasal mucosa of AR mice after tiotropium treatment. Furthermore, tiotropium treatment decreased the nasal symptom score, the serum sIgE level and eosinophil infiltration in AR mice. In addition, tiotropium decreased phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1), PLCγ2, nuclear factor of activated T cell 1 (NFATc1), and NFATc2 mRNA levels in AR mice. Conclusion Antagonism of m3 alleviated type 2 inflammation in the nasal mucosa of AR mice.
Characteristics of pediatric emergency patients in a Turkish tertiary-level hospital: A 1-year cross-sectional study
Authors: Yüksel Ayfer 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Overcrowding in pediatric emergency departments negatively affects the quality of care. Investigating the characteristics of the patients admitted to PEDs will provide valuable information to increase the satisfaction of patients and healthcare staff. This research aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric emergency patients in a foundation university hospital in Ankara. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, single-center, cross-sectional study, which was conducted with 6550 patients who were admitted to the pediatric emergency department of a foundation university hospital in Ankara, and got diagnosed with one of the 15 most common diseases between 1 August 2017 and 31 July 2018. The associations between the demographics and clinical features of the patients and their diagnoses were evaluated. For comparisons, frequencies, percentages, crosstabs, and chi-square tests were used. Results: While none of the patients had a red triage level, 19% had a yellow triage level, and 81% had a green triage level. The three most common diagnoses were fever of unknown origin, cough, and nausea and vomiting. Despite the 0–28 days of age group having the lowest admission rate of 5%, they had the highest usage rate of yellow triage level (66.5%). However, it was the opposite for the 19 months to 5 years of age group with the highest rate of admissions of 49% and the lowest usage rate of yellow triage level (12.8%). Conclusion: The reasons for admitting to pediatric emergency department differ according to some contextual variables. Being aware of the current situation is the first step in planning for better pediatric emergency service.
Drug–drug interactions among hospitalized elderly in patients at medical wards of Northwest Ethiopia’s Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Dagnew Samuel Berihun , Tadesse Tesfaye Yimer , Zeleke Mulugeta Molla , Yiblet Tesfagegn Gobezie , Addis Getu Tesfaw , Mekonnen Gashaw Binega , Agegnew Wondm Samuel , Negash Erkihun Assefa 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Drug–drug interactions are of major concern due to links to untoward drug effects, hospitalizations, and serious health impacts. Elderly patients are more predisposed to drug interactions than younger patients. The present study aimed to find out the prevalence of drug–drug interactions at North West Ethiopian compressive specialized hospitals’ Internal Medicine wards. Methods: From 30 April to 30 July 2021 GC, a multicenter prospective observational study was conducted at north Ethiopian specialized hospitals. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire adapted from different literature and medical records at the North West Ethiopian Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals’ Internal Medicine wards during the study period. Thereafter checked the completeness of the collected data was checked drug–drug interactions by using Medscape. Epi data version 4.6.2 software was used as data clearance and STATA version 14.1 was used for further data analysis. Result: A total of 389 subjects participated in the study of which more than half (55.53%) of them were female with a mean (SD) age of 68.9 ± 7.46 years. A total of 641 drug–drug interactions were detected in this investigation of which, 225(35.1%) were major, 299(46.6%) were significant interactions, and 117(18.3%) were minor interactions. Hospital stay (AOR = 5.95 CI: 3.49–10.12), retire (AOR = 6.71 CI: 1.26–35.78), 5–9 drugs (AOR = 5.30 CI: 2.91–9.67) and more than 10 drugs (AOR = 8.03 CI: 2.47–26.07) were important risk factors for drug–drug interactions. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that drug–drug interactions were high among hospitalized elderly patients. The presence of polypharmacy, to be retired, and hospital stayed were all found to be strongly linked with drug–drug interactions.
Care providers’ experiences with and attitudes towards virtual antenatal care: Findings from a qualitative study in British Columbia
Authors: Kornelsen Jude , Nowaczek Daria , Johnson Robin , Mattei Mona , Moola Shiraz 
Published: November 2022

Background Virtual care has emerged as an adjunctive response to challenges in rural health care, including maternity care, and use has accelerated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This gives rise to the need for a strategic plan for post-COVID-19 virtual maternity care in rural communities. To date, no provincial initiative has focused on understanding and documenting the needs of maternity care practitioners to provide virtual care. Methods Qualitative study, including virtual interviews and focus groups with rural primary maternity care providers and urban and rural specialists on perceptions of the utility of virtual maternity care pre- and post-COVID-19, and benefits and barriers of virtual care. Data were thematically analysed. Results In total, 82 health care providers participated in the study. Health care provider responses fell into three categories: Attributes of virtual care, barriers to virtual care and system interventions needed to optimize the provision of virtual perinatal care. Participants expressed a desire for use of virtual communication tools post-COVID-19, continued ability to use fee codes for virtual care and a need for more secure texting options. The benefits of tripartite consultations were noted by many participants; impacts of the transition to virtual care included additional workload and interrupted workflow. Concerns over the lack of physical examinations and challenges in building relationships with patients when providing virtual care were frequently noted. Conclusion Adapting the current implementation of virtual maternity care in British Columbia may be enhanced through several provider- and evidence-derived strategies, many of which are currently underway in BC. The results from this provincial survey will be used to focus further discussion on the characteristics of an optimal system to meet patient and provider needs within a rural context.
Qualitative Exploration of Geospatially Identified Bright Spots and Priority Areas to Improve Diabetes Management
Authors: Banerjee Elaine Seaton , Hansen Susan E. , Burgess Nicole , Shaak Kyle , Johnson Melanie , Kieber-Emmons Autumn 
Published: November 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) results in significant morbidity and mortality and is associated with disparities in prevalence, treatment, and outcomes. GIS can identify geographically based disparities. In the focused Rapid Assessment Process (fRAP)—a novel mixed-method study design—GIS is combined with qualitative inquiry to inform practice interventions and policy changes. Methods: Using fRAP, areas with poor T2DM outcomes (priority areas) as well as areas with positive T2DM outcomes (bright spots) were identified, focus groups were conducted, and responses analyzed for intervention opportunities. Focus group participants were English- and Spanish-speaking patients with T2DM living in one of the identified areas. Qualitative analysis consisted of initial coding with a priori themes from the focus group question guide, followed by identification of emergent themes within each defined category. Results: The a priori categories included Facilitators, Barriers, Strategies, and Impact of Diabetes Diagnosis. Emerging recurrent themes were Interactions with Medical Professionals, Medications, Lifestyle Management, Family Motivators and Support, Self-Efficacy, and Social Needs and Community Resources. Conclusions: Thematic results from focus groups can be used by practices to improve T2DM care through educating patients about chronic disease and nutrition, connecting them to diabetes-specific services, learning how diabetes fits in the context of patient lives, and eliciting patient values and motivations to improve diabetes self-management. Findings also may be used by health care professionals to inform community-based advocacy efforts, interventions, and future research.