bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and recognition of emotions in manufacturing
Authors: Bertacchini Francesca , Bilotta Eleonora , De Pietro Michela , Demarco Francesco , Pantano Pietro , Scuro Carmelo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNew consumer needs have led industries to the possibility of creating virtual platforms where users can customize products by creating infinite combinations of different results. This made it possible to expand sales by guaranteeing a wide choice that would satisfy all requests. The dynamic and flexible evolution of factories is guaranteed by the introduction of new technologies such as robotization and 3D printers, recognized as two of the pillars of Industry 4.0. The main aim of this paper is to achieve a workflow for the creation and implementation of personalised jewellery based on faces with different emotional expressions. To date, there are few works in the literature investigating the intersection between smart manufacturing and emotion recognition, and these are mainly related to improving human–machine interaction. The authors’ aim is to research for innovation in the intersection of three different fields of study such as parametric modelling, smart manufacturing and emotion recognition in order to create personalized and innovative manufacturable models. To this purpose, an application has been generated that exploits both visual scripting, typical of parametric modelling, and scripting, in the Python programming language. The generated algorithm implements a machine learning for emotion recognition that identifies the label of each user-generated face, validating the effectiveness of the method.
Staying home saves lives, really!
Authors: Malpede Maurizio , Shayegh Soheil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was spreading worldwide, many national and local governments started to impose socially restrictive measures to limit the spread of the virus. Such quarantine measures in different cities worldwide have brought a new trend in public safety improvement and crime reduction. Using daily crime reports in the U.S., this paper evaluates the immediate unintended effects of shelter-in-place orders on different crime categories using fine-grained spatial units (i.e., neighborhoods) rather than entire cities, states, or countries. Results for San Francisco suggest an immediate drop of between 10 and 20% points in the total number of crimes after one month from the introduction of the restrictions. In particular, we show that while theft, homicide, and traffic accidents have fallen sharply, domestic violence incidents and weapon possession offences were not affected by the lockdown. The results are robust to the inclusion of spatial and temporal dependence.
Role of Primary Freeboard on Staged Combustion of Hardwood Pellets in a Fixed Bed Combustor
Authors: Junejo Awais , Al-Abdeli Yasir M. , Porteiro Jacobo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn staged fixed bed biomass combustion, primary air is supplied beneath the fuel bed with secondary air then provided above in the freeboard region. For fixed bed configurations, the freeboard is further divided into a primary freeboard length (LI), which is upstream of the secondary air and a secondary freeboard length (LII), measured from the secondary air all the way to the exhaust port. Despite extensive research into fixed bed configurations, no work has been successfully completed that resolves the effects of changing LI on fuel conversion, both in the fuel bed and within the freeboard of batch-type biomass combustors. In this study, experiments on a 202 mm diameter and 1500 mm long batch-type combustor have been conducted to determine the effects of changing primary freeboard length over three secondary to total air ratios (Qs/Qt) and two total air flow rates (Qt). The impact of these conditions has been studied on (i) intra-bed fuel conversion, measured through burning rate (kg/m−2 s−1), fuel bed temperature (°C) and ignition front velocity (mm-s−1), as well as (ii) post-bed fuel conversion in the freeboard, expressed through freeboard temperatures and emissions (NOx ppm, CO2%, CO ppm, O2%). The fuel used throughout the above experiments was Australian hardwood pelletised biomass. Results show that changes to primary freeboard length over LI = 200 mm, 300 mm and 550 mm, or LI/D = 1.00, 1.48 and 2.72, respectively, affect both intra-bed and freeboard (post-bed) performance indicators. The highest values of burning rate, ignition front velocity and fuel bed temperature were observed for interim values of LI/D = 1.48 at Qs/Qt = 0.25 and Qt = 0.358 kg/m−2 s−1. Primary freeboard lengths of LI/D = 1.00 and 1.48 were found to have higher freeboard temperatures, NOx and CO2 as well as lower CO and O2 values as compared to LI/D = 2.72 at Qs/Qt = 0.50 and 0.75. Increasing Qs/Qt from 0.25 to 0.50 for LI/D = 1.00 and 1.48 initially increased freeboard temperatures, with an accompanying increase in NOx and CO2 as well as decrease in CO values. However, further increase in Qs/Qt to 0.75 lead to lower freeboard temperatures for all primary freeboard lengths.
Carboxydotrophe Knallgasbakterien zur aeroben Nutzung von CO, CO2 und H2
Authors: Siebert Daniel , Blombach Bastian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAerobic carboxydotrophic Knallgasbacteria exhibit the unique feature to utilize CO, CO2 and H2 or mixtures thereof as sole carbon and energy sources in the presence of O2. While several industrial off-gases are comprised of such gases, this group of organisms is promising to establish novel value chains via gas fermentation for the sustainable production of chemicals and fuels.
Homologe und heterologe Produktion von Bacteriocinen mit Corynebakterien
Authors: Goldbeck Oliver , Reich Sebastian J. , Desiderato Christian K. , Riedel Christian U. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacteriocins are gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides produced naturally by a wide range of bacteria. Their biological role is to provide producers with a competitive advantage over other bacteria in complex and densely populated habitats. Due to the dramatic increase in antibiotic resistances of many important pathogenic bacteria, bacteriocins are also discussed as potential alternatives to antibiotics. Here we discuss the potential of the members of the Corynebacteriaceae as a source for novel bacteriocins and as hosts for biotechnological production.
Hirnorganoide entwickeln von Natur aus Augenprimordien
Authors: Gabriel Elke , Fenner Maria , Gopalakrishnan Jay 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring embryogenesis, optic vesicles, the eye primordium, develop from the diencephalon via a controlled multistep process of organogenesis that has been difficult to reconstruct in humans. Using iPSC-derived human brain organoids, we demystify the complexities and demonstrate brain organoids can innately develop forebrain-associated bilaterally symmetric optic vesicles. These next-generation organoids with relevant cell diversity allow interorgan interaction studies within a single organoid.
A case of a tiny neuroendocrine carcinoma in a large flat-elevated rectal tumor causing multiple liver metastases
Authors: Ohki Daisuke , Tsuji Yosuke , Tanaka Mariko , Ushiku Tetsuo , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors are rare malignancies comprising neuroendocrine cells widely distributed in the human body. They occur in various organs of the body, most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas in the Japanese population. Mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasm is included in the 2019 WHO classification and defined as having more than 30% of both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor components. However, the number of reports on mixed neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumors is particularly small. Herein, we encountered a rare case of a tiny neuroendocrine carcinoma in a large flat-elevated rectal tumor resulting in rapid multiple liver metastases. This case was referred to our institution for endoscopic submucosal dissection. Histopathological analysis showed that tubular adenocarcinoma and adenoma were the predominant lesions. Moreover, the neuroendocrine carcinoma component was less than 3% of the total tumor, measuring approximately 5 mm. However, the neuroendocrine carcinoma component was found to be the most advanced part of the infiltrate (T1b at least; SM3.8 mm). Repeat computed tomography 1 week after endoscopic submucosal dissection for evaluating intraoperative perforation revealed liver metastasis, and chemotherapy is currently underway.
Fine-grained phosphors for red-emitting mini-LEDs with high efficiency and super-luminance
Authors: Kang Yu , Li Shuxing , Tian Rundong , Liu Guangzhu , Dong Haorui , Zhou Tianliang , Xie Rong-Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMini-LED backlights, combining color conversion materials with blue mini-LED chips, promise traditional liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with higher luminance, better contrast, and a wider color gamut. However, as color conversion materials, quantum dots (QDs) are toxic and unstable, whereas commercially available inorganic phosphors are too big in size to combine with small mini-LED chips and also have strong size-dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) and reliability. In this work, we prepare fine-grained Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+-based red phosphors with high efficiency and stability by treating commercially available phosphors with ball milling, centrifuging, and acid washing. The particle size of phosphors can be easily controlled by milling speed, and the phosphors with a size varying from 3.5 to 0.7 μm are thus obtained. The samples remain the same QE as the original ones (∼80%) even when their particle size is reduced to 3.2–3.5 μm, because they contain fewer surface suspension bond defects. More importantly, SrBaSi5N8:Eu2+ phosphors show a size-independent thermal quenching behavior and a zero thermal degradation. We demonstrate that red-emitting mini-LEDs can be fabricated by combining the SrBaSi5N8:Eu2+ red phosphor (3.5 μm in size) with blue mini-LED chips, which show a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of above 31% and a super-high luminance of 34.3 Mnits. It indicates that fine and high efficiency phosphors can be obtained by the proposed method in this work, and they have great potentials for use in mini-LED displays.
Tuning the melting point and phase stability of rare-earth oxides to facilitate their crystal growth from the melt
Authors: Pianassola Matheus , Anderson Kaden L. , Safin Joshua , Agca Can , McMurray Jake W. , Chakoumakos Bryan C. , Neuefeind Jöerg C. , Melcher Charles L. , Zhuravleva Mariya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe challenge of growing rare-earth (RE) sesquioxide crystals can be overcome by tailoring their structural stability and melting point via composition engineering. This work contributes to the advancement of the field of crystal growth of high-entropy oxides. A compound with only small REs (Lu,Y,Ho,Yb,Er)2O3 maintains a cubic C-type structure upon cooling from the melt, as observed via in-situ high-temperature neutron diffraction on aerodynamically levitated samples. On the other hand, a compound with a mixture of small and large REs (Lu,Y,Ho,Nd,La)2O3 crystallizes as a mixture of a primary C-type phase with an unstable secondary phase. Crystals of compositions (Lu,Y,Ho,Nd,La)2O3 and (Lu,Y,Gd,Nd,La)2O3 were grown by the micro-pulling-down (mPD) method with a single monoclinic B-type phase, while a powder of (Lu,Y,Ho,Yb,Er)2O3 did not melt at the maximum operating temperature of an iridium-rhenium crucible. The minimization of the melting point of the two grown crystals is attributed to the mismatch in cation sizes. The electron probe microanalysis reveals that the general element segregation behavior in the crystals depends on the composition.
Prevalence, incidence, and medications of narcolepsy in Japan: a descriptive observational study using a health insurance claims database
Authors: Imanishi Aya , Kamada Yuta , Shibata Kai , Sakata Yukinori , Munakata Hiroaki , Ishii Mika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to describe prevalence, incidence, and medications among patients who were diagnosed with narcolepsy in Japan using a claims database. Patients diagnosed with narcolepsy were identified from January 2010 to December 2019 using an employment-based health insurance claims database compiled by JMDC Inc. The prevalence and incidence of narcolepsy were estimated annually in the overall population and by age and sex among employees and their dependents aged < 75 years. Medications, examined for each quarter in the overall population, were modafinil, methylphenidate, pemoline, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. We identified 1539 patients with narcolepsy. The overall annual prevalence increased from 5.7 to 18.5/100,000 persons in 2010 and 2019, respectively. Large increases were found from 2010 to 2019 in patients aged 20–29 years and 10–19 years, with the highest prevalence in 2019 (9.7–37.5/100,000 persons and 5.0–27.1/100,000 persons). The overall incidence slightly increased from 3.6 to 4.3/100,000 person-year from 2010 to 2019, and the highest incidence was found in patients aged 20–29 years and 10–19 years (5.8–11.3/100,000 person-year, and 3.8–7.4/100,000 person-year from 2010 to 2019, respectively). Methylphenidate and modafinil were commonly prescribed in 2010 (27.3–38.9% and 17.5–45.5%, respectively). Methylphenidate prescriptions declined during the 10 years, whereas modafinil prescriptions increased (15.6–17.1% and 43.8–45.8% in 2019, respectively). The estimated prevalence and incidence of narcolepsy appeared to increase from 2010 to 2019, especially in teenagers and 20-year olds.
The Role of Working Memory in Age-Related Emotional Memory Bias
Authors: Sattari Negin , Whitehurst Lauren N. , Mednick Sara C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAging is accompanied by deterioration in both working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM), yet whether these changes are related is not understood. Sleep plays a role in the formation of LTM in young adults, but the findings in older adults are not as clear. The types of memories we store also shift with age as young adults preserve a higher proportion of negative experiences when compared to older adults. The reason for this age-related change in emotional memory bias is also not clear; however, some studies have suggested that WM changes across aging may be an important factor. In the current study, we examined performance in WM and emotional LTM in younger and older adults. We added a daytime nap in half the subjects to examine a possible role of sleep on emotional LTM. In the morning, 93 younger (18–39) and 121 older (60–85) adults completed a WM task. Subjects also encoded neutral or negative word pairs and provided valence and arousal ratings for each pair. After half the subjects took a daytime nap, LTM was examined, and valence and arousal ratings were reassessed. Results indicate that older adults showed worse recognition for negative word pairs compared with neutral, as well as decreased negative valence ratings in the afternoon. This decrease in emotional reactivity was correlated with better LTM performance. In contrast, younger adults performed better on the negative compared to neutral word pairs, with no change in emotional reactivity and no association between emotional reactivity and LTM. In addition, WM was positively related to LTM in younger, but not in older adults. Lastly, no differences were shown across sleep, regardless of age. Our findings suggest that the emotional memory bias may be associated with the emotional saliency of the information in older adults, and with WM capacity in younger adults.
The effects of co-exposure to methyl paraben and dibutyl phthalate on cell line derived from human skin
Authors: Miranowicz-Dzierżawska Katarzyna , Zapór Lidia , Skowroń Jolanta , Chojnacka-Puchta Luiza , Sawicka Dorota 
Published: August 2022

AbstractData on the cumulative effects of chemical substances are necessary for the proper risk assessment, but their availability is still insufficient. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of methyl paraben (MePB) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on the cells of the skin line (A431) and to compare the cytotoxic effects of the tested substances after single application to A431 cells with the effects of an equimolar/equitoxic (1:1) binary mixture of these compounds as well as their mixtures in ratio 1:3: and 3:1. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that there were interactions between the tested compounds in terms of cytotoxic effect on A431, assessed on the basis of metabolic activity of cells (MTT test) and integrity of their cell membranes (NRU test). The obtained values of synergy coefficients (SI) and isobolographic analysis indicate that between the tested chemicals in a two-component equimolar mixture (1:1) there is a synergism of action, which, at a high DBP content in the mixture (> 50%) turned into antagonism. Observations using a holotomographic microscope show morphological changes in A431 cells after exposure to both DBP and MePB separately and binary mixtures of these compounds, compared to untreated cells. The observed changes in cell morphology seem to be more pronounced when the cells are exposed to the binary mixtures of DBP and MePB than when exposed to these substances individually, which may confirm the synergy of cytotoxic activity between them (this phenomenon was observed for the higher of the tested concentrations in all tested proportions). It is important to consider such effects when considering the effects of cumulative exposure in the risk assessment in order not to underestimate the risk of adverse effects associated with exposure to chemical mixtures.
Enhanced pothole detection system using YOLOX algorithm
Authors: B Mohan Prakash , K.C Sriharipriya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe road is the most commonly used means of transportation and serves as a country’s arteries, so it is extremely important to keep the roads in good condition. Potholes that happen to appear in the road must be repaired to keep the road in good condition. Spotting potholes on the road is difficult, especially in a country like India where roads stretch millions of kilometres across the country. Therefore, there is a need to automate the identification of potholes with high speed and real-time precision. YOLOX is an object detection algorithm and our main goal of this article is to train and analyse the YOLOX model for pothole detection. The YOLOX model is trained with a pothole dataset and the results obtained are analysed by calculating the accuracy, recall and size of the model which is then compared to other YOLO algorithms. The experimental results in this article show that the YOLOX-Nano model predicts potholes with higher accuracy compared to other models while having low computational costs. We were able to achieve an Average Precision (AP) value of 85.6% from training the model and the total size of the model is 7.22 MB. The pothole detection capabilities of the newly developed YOLOX algorithm have never been tested before and this paper is one of the first to detect potholes using the YOLOX object detection algorithm. The research conducted in this paper will help reduce costs and increase the speed of pothole identification and will be of great help in road maintenance.
Oscillations of the circadian clock protein, BMAL-1, align to daily cycles of mechanical stimuli: a novel means to integrate biological time within predictive in vitro model systems
Authors: Heywood Hannah K. , Gardner Laurence , Knight Martin M. , Lee David A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In vivo, the circadian clock drives 24-h rhythms in human physiology. Isolated cells in vitro retain a functional clockwork but lack necessary timing cues resulting in the rapid loss of tissue-level circadian rhythms. This study tests the hypothesis that repeated daily mechanical stimulation acts as a timing cue for the circadian clockwork. The delineation and integration of circadian timing cues into predictive in vitro model systems, including organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) devices, represent a novel concept that introduces a key component of in vivo physiology into predictive in vitro model systems.

Methods
Quiescent bovine chondrocytes were entrained for 3 days by daily 12-h bouts of cyclic biaxial tensile strain (10%, 0.33 Hz, Flexcell) before sampling during free-running conditions. The core clock protein, BMAL-1, was quantified from normalised Western Blot signal intensity and the temporal oscillations characterised by Cosinor linear fit with 24-h period.

Results
Following entrainment, the cell-autonomous oscillations of the molecular clock protein, BMAL-1, exhibited circadian (24 h) periodicity (p < 0.001) which aligned to the diurnal mechanical stimuli. A 6-h phase shift in the mechanical entrainment protocol resulted in an equivalent shift of the circadian clockwork. Thus, repeated daily mechanical stimuli synchronised circadian rhythmicity of chondrocytes in vitro.

Conclusion
This work demonstrates that daily mechanical stimulation can act as a timing cue that is sufficient to entrain the peripheral circadian clock in vitro. This discovery may be exploited to induce and sustain circadian physiology within into predictive in vitro model systems, including OOAC systems. Integration of the circadian clock within these systems will enhance their potential to accurately recapitulate human diurnal physiology and hence augment their predictive value as drug testing platforms and as realistic models of human (patho)physiology.
Air-assisted cloud point extraction coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy for determination of samarium in environmental samples
Authors: Mortada Wael I. , Awad Aya A. , El-Defrawy Mohamed M. , Khalifa Magdi E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor the first time, air-assisted cloud point extraction (AACPE) was presented to preconcentrate metal ions. The procedure was conjugated with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy for determination of samarium. In this procedure, samarium ions were complexed with aluminon and extracted into Triton X-114 in the presence of potassium iodide. The mixture was repeatedly sucked and dispersed with a syringe (three times) to create cloud solution. Experimental factors that affect the extraction competence of the AACPE procedure, such as pH, amount of aluminon and Triton X-114, salt addition, number of suction/injection cycles, and centrifugation rate and time, have been investigated and optimized. A linear calibration curve from 0.2 to 200.0 μg L−1with enrichment factor and detection limit of 102 and 0.06 μg L−1, respectively, was established under the optimum experimental conditions. The approach was used to determine samarium in wastewater and rock samples, with recoveries ranging from 98% to 99%.Graphical abstract