bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcome of multidisciplinary treatment of vulvar necrotising fasciitis
Authors: Rabbani Anam Y , Kim Sara , Gossner Gabrielle , Burke William , Sandoval Steven , Krajewski Aleksandra , Pearl Michael L 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Vulvar necrotising fasciitis (VNF) is a severe soft tissue infection associated with substantial morbidity and high mortality. At Stony Brook Medicine, US, patients with known or suspected VNF are treated by a structured multidisciplinary team consisting of members of the Departments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, the Divisions of Gynecologic Oncology, Burn and Surgical Intensive Care Units, Infectious Disease and Plastic Surgery, and the nursing, nutrition, physical/occupational therapy and social work services. Method: This is a retrospective review of patients presenting to Stony Brook University Hospital with VNF over an 18-month period. Results: A total of 10 patients were treated for VNF during the study period. All patients were treated by the structured multidisciplinary team, including extensive initial surgical debridement by the gynaecologic oncologists. All patients survived to discharge. Conclusion: The results of this review demonstrated that prompt diagnosis, rapid implementation of appropriate antibiotic coverage, surgical debridement of necrotic tissue, and comprehensive care delivered by a structured multidisciplinary team contributed to positive clinical outcomes and decreased the risk of death from VNF.
The patient behind the wound assessment and plan
Authors: Devanabanda Bhavana , Louis Martine A , Schlussel Yvette , Mashchenko Igor , Charles Mike , Sinha Atul , Louis Joseph A , Chen Ashley , Maloof Mark 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Hard-to-heal wounds are a common problem, worsened by ageing, and the increased prevalence of diabetes and morbid obesity. The provider–patient relationship has undergone a transformation, from a paternalistic to a mutual participation model, in which ‘the physician tries to enter the patient's world to see the illness through the patient's eyes’. The indepth assessment of the impact of psychosocial, physical issues and provider–patient dynamics is crucial to wound healing and patient wellbeing. It can customise future treatment including physical therapy, psychological and social interventions to improve outcomes. Method: A new health-related quality of life instrument (HRQOL) proposal based on a survey consisting of 20 questions was completed by patients as a pilot project. The psychosocial, physical and provider–patient dynamics were evaluated. A total wound impact score (WIs) was tabulated, ranging from 20–80 points. A wound assessment and plan (PBW–AP) was created. Results: In our sample of 25 patients, 75% experienced a moderate WIs (50–69) and 5% experienced a severe WIs (31–49). Feeling angry about having a wound was reported by 40% of patients. A majority of patients (60%) thought about their wounds >1 hour per day. Importantly, 24% answered that their primary care physicians never mentioned their wounds. Conclusion: It is important for all physicians taking care of patients with hard-to-heal wounds to see ‘the patient behind the wound’. The PBW–AP algorithm is an individualised, multidisciplinary assessment and intervention based on a WIs. It is designed not only to identify but also to tackle psychosocial, physical, and provider–patient issues, to improve overall quality of life, patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. Based on the results, the PBW–AP algorithm was designed to be used at initial and subsequent visits as a roadmap for problem identification and intervention.
The economic evaluation of Cystic echinococcosis control strategies focused on zoonotic hosts: A scoping review
Authors: Widdicombe Jo , Basáñez María-Gloria , Entezami Mahbod , Jackson Daniel , Larrieu Edmundo , Prada Joaquín M. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic neglected tropical disease (zNTD) which imposes considerable financial burden to endemic countries. The 2021–2030 World Health Organization’s roadmap on NTDs has proposed that intensified control be achieved in hyperendemic areas of 17 countries by 2030. Successful interventions for disease control, and the scale-up of programmes applying such interventions, rely on understanding the associated costs and relative return for investment. We conducted a scoping review of existing peer-reviewed literature on economic evaluations of CE control strategies focused on Echinococcus granulosus zoonotic hosts.

Methodology/Principal findings
Database searches of Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CABI Direct and JSTOR were conducted and comprehensively reviewed in March 2022, using predefined search criteria with no date, field or language restrictions. A total of 100 papers were initially identified and assessed for eligibility against strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Bibliography review of included manuscripts was used to identify additional literature. Full review of the final manuscript selection (n = 9) was performed and cost data for control interventions were extracted.

Conclusions/Significance
There are very little published data pertaining to the cost and cost effectiveness of CE control interventions targeting its zoonotic hosts. Data given for costs are often incomplete, thus we were unable to perform an economic analysis and cost effectiveness study, highlighting a pressing need for this information. There is much scope for future work in this area. More detailed information and disaggregated costings need to be collected and made available. This would increase the accuracy of any cost-effective analyses to be performed and allow for a greater understanding of the opportunity cost of healthcare decisions and resource allocation by stakeholders and policy makers for effective and cost-effective CE control.
Splenic volume as a predictor of treatment response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy
Authors: Castagnoli Francesca , Doran Simon , Lunn Jason , Minchom Anna , O’Brien Mary , Popat Sanjay , Messiou Christina , Koh Dow-Mu 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
The spleen is a lymphoid organ and we hypothesize that clinical benefit to immunotherapy may present with an increase in splenic volume during treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether changes in splenic volume could be observed in those showing clinical benefit versus those not showing clinical benefit to pembrolizumab treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Materials and methods
In this study, 70 patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab; and who underwent baseline CT scan within 2 weeks before treatment and follow-up CT within 3 months after commencing immunotherapy were retrospectively evaluated. The splenic volume on each CT was segmented manually by outlining the splenic contour on every image and the total volume summated. We compared the splenic volume in those achieving a clinical benefit and those not achieving clinical benefit, using non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Clinical benefit was defined as stable disease or partial response lasting for greater than 24 weeks. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
There were 23 responders and 47 non-responders based on iRECIST criteria and 35 patients with clinical benefit and 35 without clinical benefit. There was no significant difference in the median pre-treatment volume (175 vs 187 cm3, p = 0.34), post-treatment volume (168 vs 167 cm3, p = 0.39) or change in splenic volume (-0.002 vs 0.0002 cm3, p = 0.97) between the two groups. No significant differences were also found between the splenic volume of patients with partial response, stable disease or progressive disease (p>0.017). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between progression-free survival and time to disease progression when the splenic volume was categorized as smaller or larger than the median pre-treatment or post-treatment volume (p>0.05).

Conclusion
No significant differences were observed in the splenic volume of those showing clinical benefit versus those without clinical benefit to pembrolizumab treatment in NSCLC patients. CT splenic volume cannot be used as a potentially simple biomarker of response to immunotherapy.
Geographical variation and determinants of women unemployment status in Ethiopia; A multilevel and spatial analysis from 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data
Authors: Mulugeta Solomon Sisay , Gebremichael Shewayiref Geremew , Fenta Setegn Muche , Getahun Berhanu Engidaw 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundUnemployment is a major problem in both developed and developing countries. In Ethiopia, women unemployment is particularly high, and this makes it a grave socio-economic concern. The aim of this study is to assess the spatial distribution and identify the determinant factors of women unemployment in Ethiopia.MethodsThe data used for the study is the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys of 2016. A total of 15683 women are involved in the study. Global Moran’s I statistic and Poisson-based purely spatial scan statistics are employed to explore spatial patterns and detect spatial clusters of women unemployment, respectively. To identify factors associated with women unemployment, multilevel logistic regression model is used.ResultsA spatial analysis showed that there was a major spatial difference in women unemployment in Ethiopia with Global Moran’s index value of 0.3 (p<0.001). The spatial distribution of women’s unemployment varied significantly across the country. The major areas of unemployment were Afar and Somalia; southwest Tigray; North and west Oromia, and Eastern and southern parts of Amhara. Women with primary level of education(AOR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.80, 0.98), secondary and above level of education (AOR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.62, 0.82), women with rich wealth index (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.90), pregnant women (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.5), women with a male household head(AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.50), and urban women(AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.70) statistically associated with women unemployment.ConclusionThe unemployment rate of women in Ethiopia showed variation across different clusters. Improving entrepreneurship and women’s education, sharing business experiences, supporting entrepreneurs are potential tools for reducing the unemployment women. Moreover, creating community-based programs that prioritize participation of poor households and rural women as well as improving their access to mass media and the labor market is crucial.
The Development of Domestic Criminal Legislation on Liability for Disclosure of State Secrets from the Time of Ancient Rusto 1996
Authors: Baranov Vladimir , Ovcharov Vladislav , Manannikov Anton 
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the main stages of development of domestic legislation on criminal liability for disclosure of state secrets from 1397 to 1996. Within the periods from 1397 to 1917, from 1917 to 1943 and from 1943 to 1996 the characteristic feature of the first and second stages of the development of criminal responsibility for the disclosure of state secrets is that there was no separate norm providing for responsibility for this crime for the persons beyond the military. In addition, some acts qualified as disclosure were previously equated to espionage and entailed much harsher penalties than at present. The second stage was characterized by the introduction in 1943 of an independent articleto the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1926, providing for responsibilityof officials who are not military personnel for the disclosure of state secrets and for the loss of documents containing them. It underwent several changesbefore 1958, after which it entered the Criminal Code of the RSFSR 1960.
Ancient Chinese Political and Legal Thought about Rewards and Punishments
Authors: Moiseeva Oksana , Blinova Olga 
Published: July 2022

The article discusses ancient Chinese political and legal thought. In the modern world, such political and legal teachings as Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism have gained wide spread and influence. They occupy a special place in the spiritual culture of China and the life of modern Chinese society.
The PRC is at the stage of further modernization of Chinese society, which was initiated by the reforms of the 1970s. Traditional for China in any era of its development has been the appeal to the achievements of Chinese civilization.
One of the problems considered by the representatives of ancient Chinese political and legal thought is the problem of state administration. Among the various methods of government, ancient Chinese thinkers singled out, first of all, rewards and punishments. Within the framework of the political and legal views of ancient China, there were several approaches to rewards and punishments. The Confucians opposed the administration of the state on the basis of laws containing severe punishments. They believed that government should be based not on punishments, but on rewards. Supporters of Taoism recognized the method of rewards and punishments in government, but treated it negatively. In Mohism, ideas are expressed about the need to combine violent methods of control with moral forms of influence on people. Legalists come to the unequivocal conclusion that punishments are the most effective method of governing society.
The article concludes that the system of severe punishments developed by the Legalists underwent changes in the direction of mitigation and connection with the main postulates of Confucianism during the Han Empire. A system of severe punishments, coercion and violence, in a somewhat relaxed version, became the basis for the work of government bodies in subsequent centuries of Chinese history.
Masquer le masque
Authors: Wittevrongel Bernard 
Published: July 2022

Résumé. La question de l’habillage en architecture est un fait. La relation qui s’établit entre habillage et habillé, entre Kernform et Kunstform est cruciale chez Karl Bötticher. Gottfried Semper quant à lui s’attache à la nature de l’habillage – ou du masque – pour faire entrer la construction dans le domaine de l’architecture. C’est le pavillon allemand de Barcelone qui nous sert de support à cette proposition semperienne.
Abstract. Dressing in architecture is a fact. The relationship established between dressing and dressed, between Kernform and Kunstform, is crucial for Bötticher. Gottfried Semper, on the other hand, focuses on the nature of the dressing - or the mask - to bring construction into the realm of architecture. The Barcelona Pavilion serves as an example in this Semperian proposal.
Digital models for life-cycle assessment and material-flow analysis of urban built stocks
Authors: Stephan André 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Buildings and infrastructure assets represent a significant share of human anthropogenic material stocks, energy use, and related environmental flows, including greenhouse gas emissions. Current methods for assessing built stocks at a city scale are neither detailed nor comprehensive enough, however. This piece provides and discusses requirements for digital models to quantify the combined life-cycle environmental performance and material-flow analysis of urban built stocks. It justifies why these models need to be bottom-up, parametric, multi-scale over the life cycle, and spatially explicit, and why they need to integrate uncertainty. The potential and limitations of such digital models are discussed.
Résumé. Les bâtiments et infrastructures représentent une grande partie du stock matériel anthropogénique, de l’utilisation d’énergie, et des flux environnementaux associés. Cependant, les méthodes actuelles d’évaluation des stocks bâtis à l’échelle urbaine ne sont pas assez détaillées et holistiques. Cet article présente et discute les exigences des modèles informatiques qui visent à quantifier à la fois la performance environnementale sur l’ensemble du cycle de vie et les flux de matière des stocks bâtis urbains. Ces modèles nécessitent des approches bottom-up, paramétriques, multi-échelle sur le cycle de vie. Ils doivent aussi être spatialisés et intégrer les incertitudes. Ces nécessités sont justifiées et discutées dans l’article, ainsi que les potentialités et les limites de ce type de modèles informatiques.
Cathédrale de Tournai
Authors: Bolle Caroline , Haubruge Corentin 
Published: July 2022

Résumé. À l’occasion des 850 ans de la cathédrale Notre Dame de Tournai et des vingt ans de son inscription sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO, l’UCLouvain a rejoint la dynamique culturelle, insufflée par la Ville de Tournai et la Province de Hainaut, visant la mise à l’honneur de ce monument majeur de l’architecture belge. À travers diverses activités pédagogiques, LOCI-Tournai a élaboré des propositions de mise en valeur et de restauration/réaffectation du choeur gothique. L’objectif étant de stimuler l’imaginaire mais aussi la réflexion et les échanges en vue d’assurer un avenir au sanctuaire. S’appuyant sur le thème culturel de l’UCLouvain en 2020-2021, "l’imaginaire comme réponse", le projet a bénéficié d’un Fonds de Développement Culturel, s’achevant par deux expositions à LOCI-Tournai et à TAMAT.
Abstract. On the occasion of the 850th anniversary of Tournai Cathedral and the 20th anniversary of its inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List, UCLouvain-LOCI joined the City of Tournai and the Province of Hainaut in honouring this major monument of Belgian architecture. Through various educational activities, LOCI-Tournai developed proposals for the enhancement and restoration/reassignment of the Gothic choir. The objective is to stimulate the imagination but also to stimulate debate to ensure a future for the sanctuary. The project, based on UCLouvain’s cultural theme for 2020-2021, "the imaginary as a response", benefited from a Cultural Development Fund, and was the subject of exhibitions at LOCI-Tournai and TAMAT.
Blue-green neutrophilic inclusion bodies with concurrent liver failure as a predictor of imminent death
Authors: Rivera Antonio Sierra , Valdelvira María García , Elia Martínez María A. , Martí Ángeles Férez , Benito Goitzane Marcaida 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Blue-green, birefractory, poorly-defined, cytoplasmic inclusions in some types of leukocytes are an underdiagnosed finding, which composition and clinical significance is not well understood. Inclusions are only found on peripheral blood smear (PBS).

Case presentation
We report the case of a male with a history of chronic disease (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and kidney failure) admitted to the emergency room (ER) with shortness of breath, who was later transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). The patient had a torpid disease course and ultimately died of multiorgan failure, including severe liver failure. When his status exacerbated, these inclusions were observed on PBS in conjunction with liver enzyme abnormalities.

Conclusions
This case confirms that blue-green inclusions on PBS in cases of acute severe liver failure with concurrent lactic acidosis should be immediately reported to the medical team, since it is suggestive of critical status and poor prognosis.
The effect of high-intensity interval training on serum and adipose tissues vaspin levels in rats fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet
Authors: Delpisheh Ali , Safarzade Alireza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Vaspin is an adipocytokine with insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory traits.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue vaspin levels in rats exposed to a diet high in fat and sugar (HFS).

Materials and methods
Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into HFS and standard diet (SD) groups. After 12 weeks, each group was divided into sedentary and HIIT groups. HIIT program was performed 3 times/week for 8 weeks. Retroperitoneal adipose tissue, inguinal adipose tissue and serum were collected to analyze vaspin levels. Also, serum glucose and insulin levels, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and retroperitoneal and inguinal fat weights were measured.

Results
HFS significantly increased weight gain, weight of inguinal (p=0.001) and retroperitoneal fat depots (p<0.001), serum glucose levels (p<0.001) and HOMA-IR (p<0.001). The HIIT was able to decline weight gain and fat mass (p<0.05) but did not affect inguinal and retroperitoneal fat depots’ vaspin levels. Eight weeks’ HIIT significantly increased serum vaspin (p=0.002) and decreased insulin (p=0.001) levels only in rats fed with SD.

Conclusions
Although the HIIT program can cause significantly reducing effects on weight gain and fat depots’ weights, it does not effect on circulating and fat depots’ vaspin levels in rats fed an HFS.
Advantages of monitoring rT3 and dividing LT3 dose in the treatment of consumptive hypothyroidism associated with infantile hepatic hemangioma
Authors: Numazawa Masaya , Tomari Kouki , Igaki Junko , Koki Minako , Kina Yoko , Matsuoka Takashi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
In consumptive hypothyroidism associated with infantile hepatic hemangiomas (IHH), elevated reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) is known due to elevated D3. This report shows that rT3 is a new indicator of IHH progression and that three divided doses of LT3 per day were more effective than a single dose.

Case presentation
A 23 day-old boy was diagnosed with diffuse IHH and severe hypothyroidism with high rT3. Propranolol and LT4 were administered. Hemangiomas gradually diminished and rT3 decreased, but the thyroid-stimulating hormone remained elevated, and free triiodothyronine (fT3) did not normalize after 2 weeks of treatment. Liothyronine (LT3) was started as a single dose and then divided into three doses after 1 week, which stabilized thyroid function.

Conclusions
rT3 levels were less variable and decreased in conjunction with tumor shrinkage; thus, rT3 is an indicator of therapeutic outcomes for IHH. LT3 administered in divided doses aided in managing IHH-associated hypothyroidism.
Edge states in plasmonic meta-arrays
Authors: Yan Qiuchen , Cao En , Hu Xiaoyong , Du Zhuochen , Ao Yutian , Chu Saisai , Sun Quan , Shi Xu , Chan C. T. , Gong Qihuang , Misawa Hiroaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Photonic edge states provide a novel platform to control and enhance light–matter interactions. Recently, it becomes increasing popular to generate such localized states using the bulk-edge correspondence of topological photonic crystals. While the topological approach is elegant, the design and fabrication of these complex photonic topological crystals is tedious. Here, we report a simple and effective strategy to construct and steer photonic edge state in a plasmonic meta-array, which just requires a small number of plasmonic nanoparticles to form a simple lattice. To demonstrate the idea, different lattice configurations, including square, triangular, and honeycomb lattices of meta-arrays, are fabricated and measured by using an ultrahigh spatial resolution photoemission electron microscopy. The properties of edge states depend on the geometric details such as the row and column number of the lattice, as well as the gap distance between the particles. Moreover, numerical simulations show that the excited edge states can be used for the generation of the quantum entanglement. This work not only provides a new platform for the study of nanoscale photonic devices, but also open a new way for the fundamental study of nanophotonics based on edge states.