bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictability and stability testing to assess clinical decision instrument performance for children after blunt torso trauma
Authors: Kornblith Aaron E. , Singh Chandan , Devlin Gabriel , Addo Newton , Streck Christian J. , Holmes James F. , Kuppermann Nathan , Grupp-Phelan Jacqueline , Fineman Jeffrey , Butte Atul J. , Yu Bin 
Published: August 2022

Objective
The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) has developed a clinical-decision instrument (CDI) to identify children at very low risk of intra-abdominal injury. However, the CDI has not been externally validated. We sought to vet the PECARN CDI with the Predictability Computability Stability (PCS) data science framework, potentially increasing its chance of a successful external validation.

Materials & methods
We performed a secondary analysis of two prospectively collected datasets: PECARN (12,044 children from 20 emergency departments) and an independent external validation dataset from the Pediatric Surgical Research Collaborative (PedSRC; 2,188 children from 14 emergency departments). We used PCS to reanalyze the original PECARN CDI along with new interpretable PCS CDIs developed using the PECARN dataset. External validation was then measured on the PedSRC dataset.

Results
Three predictor variables (abdominal wall trauma, Glasgow Coma Scale Score <14, and abdominal tenderness) were found to be stable. A CDI using only these three variables would achieve lower sensitivity than the original PECARN CDI with seven variables on internal PECARN validation but achieve the same performance on external PedSRC validation (sensitivity 96.8% and specificity 44%). Using only these variables, we developed a PCS CDI which had a lower sensitivity than the original PECARN CDI on internal PECARN validation but performed the same on external PedSRC validation (sensitivity 96.8% and specificity 44%).

Conclusion
The PCS data science framework vetted the PECARN CDI and its constituent predictor variables prior to external validation. We found that the 3 stable predictor variables represented all of the PECARN CDI’s predictive performance on independent external validation. The PCS framework offers a less resource-intensive method than prospective validation to vet CDIs before external validation. We also found that the PECARN CDI will generalize well to new populations and should be prospectively externally validated. The PCS framework offers a potential strategy to increase the chance of a successful (costly) prospective validation.
Randomized single oral dose phase 1 study of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of Iminosugar UV-4 Hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects
Authors: Callahan Michael , Treston Anthony M. , Lin Grace , Smith Marla , Kaufman Brian , Khaliq Mansoora , Evans DeWald Lisa , Spurgers Kevin , Warfield Kelly L. , Lowe Preeya , Duchars Matthew , Sampath Aruna , Ramstedt Urban 
Published: August 2022

Background
UV-4 (N-(9’-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin, also called MON-DNJ) is an iminosugar small-molecule oral drug candidate with in vitro antiviral activity against diverse viruses including dengue, influenza, and filoviruses and demonstrated in vivo efficacy against both dengue and influenza viruses. The antiviral mechanism of action of UV-4 is through inhibition of the host endoplasmic reticulum-resident α-glucosidase 1 and α-glucosidase 2 enzymes. This inhibition prevents proper glycan processing and folding of virus glycoproteins, thereby impacting virus assembly, secretion, and the fitness of nascent virions.

Methodology/Principal findings
Here we report a first-in-human, single ascending dose Phase 1a study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of UV-4 hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02061358). Sixty-four subjects received single oral doses of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt equivalent to 3, 10, 30, 90, 180, 360, 720, or 1000 mg of UV-4 (6 subjects per cohort), or placebo (2 subjects per cohort). Single doses of UV-4 hydrochloride were well tolerated with no serious adverse events or dose-dependent increases in adverse events observed. Clinical laboratory results, vital signs, and physical examination data did not reveal any safety signals. Dose-limiting toxicity was not observed; the maximum tolerated dose of UV-4 hydrochloride in humans has not yet been determined (>1000 mg). UV-4 was rapidly absorbed and distributed after dosing with the oral solution formulation used in this study. Median time to reach maximum plasma concentration ranged from 0.5–1 hour and appeared to be independent of dose. Exposure increased approximately in proportion with dose over the 333-fold dose range. UV-4 was quantifiable in pooled urine over the entire collection interval for all doses.

Conclusions/Significance
UV-4 is a host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate. At doses in humans up to 1000 mg there were no serious adverse events reported and no subjects were withdrawn from the study due to treatment-emergent adverse events. These data suggest that therapeutically relevant drug levels of UV-4 can be safely administered to humans and support further clinical development of UV-4 hydrochloride or other candidate antivirals in the iminosugar class.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02061358 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02061358.
Toxoplasmosis in patients with an autoimmune disease and immunosuppressive agents: A multicenter study and literature review
Authors: Durieux Marie-Fleur , Lopez Jean-Guillaume , Banjari Maher , Passebosc-Faure Karine , Brenier-Pinchart Marie-Pierre , Paris Luc , Gargala Gilles , Berthier Sabine , Bonhomme Julie , Chemla Cathy , Villena Isabelle , Flori Pierre , Fréalle Emilie , L’Ollivier Coralie , Lussac-Sorton Florian , Montoya José Gilberto , Cateau Estelle , Pomares Christelle , Simon Loïc , Quinio Dorothée , Robert-Gangneux Florence , Yera Hélène , Labriffe Marc , Fauchais Anne-Laure , Dardé Marie-Laure 
Published: August 2022

Background
Cases of Toxoplasma reactivation or more severe primary infection have been reported in patients receiving immunosuppressive (IS) treatment for autoimmune diseases (AID). The purpose of this study was to describe features of toxoplasmosis occurring in patients with AID treated by IS therapy, excluded HIV-positive and transplant patients.

Methods
A multicenter descriptive study was conducted using data from the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis (NRCT) that received DNA extracts or strains isolated from patients, associated with clinical data. Other cases were retrieved through a questionnaire sent to all French parasitology and internal medicine departments. Furthermore, a systematic literature review was conducted.

Results
61 cases were collected: 25 retrieved by the NRCT and by a call for observations and 36 from a literature review. Half of the cases were attributed to reactivation (50.9%), and most of cases (49.2%) were cerebral toxoplasmosis. The most common associated AID were rheumatoid arthritis (28%) and most frequent treatments were antimetabolites (44.3%). Corticosteroids were involved in 60.7% of cases. Patients had a favorable outcome (50.8%) but nine did not survive. For 12 cases, a successful Toxoplasma strain characterization suggested the possible role of this parasitic factor in ocular cases.

Conclusion
Although this remains a rare condition, clinicians should be aware for the management of patients and for the choice of IS treatment.
A realist evaluation to identify targets to improve the organization of compression therapy for deep venous thrombosis- and chronic venous disease patients
Authors: Schreurs Rachel H. P. , Joore Manuela A. , De Bruijn-Geraets Daisy P. , ten Cate Hugo , ten Cate-Hoek Arina J. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Although compression therapy is well established for patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and chronic venous disease (CVD), considerable variation exists in its organization in clinical practice which may impact patient outcomes. The current study aims to deepen our understanding of the main drivers of the complex care organization for compression therapy and to identify targets for improvement.

Methods
This realist evaluation includes a mixed-method design consisting of semi-structured interviews with patients and health care professionals involved in compression therapy (n = 30), stakeholder meetings (n = 2) and surveys (n = 114). Data were collected to create the content of context-mechanism-outcome-configurations (CMOcs) important in compression therapy. Based on these CMOcs, targets for improvement to optimize the organization of compression care were identified.

Results
We identified overarching context factors and mechanisms targeting four optimal outcomes for the organization of compression therapy: selecting initial compression therapy types that support patient’s self-reliance (1), evidence based selection of elastic compression stocking type and class (2), patient-based selection of assistive devices (3), individualizing treatment duration for DVT patients (4a) and providing follow-up for CVD patients (4b). We found that increasing health care professionals’ knowledge of compression therapy, the availability of unambiguous protocols and guidelines, increasing patient involvement (and if applicable their informal care giver) in the decision making process, the accessible availability of resources, and increasing interdisciplinary consultation enhanced desirable outcomes. These targets triggered mechanisms such as increased health care professionals’ willingness, confidence and motivation to provide patient-based care and increased patients’ self-confidence and self-efficacy.

Conclusions
This study provides a detailed insight into what needs to be in place to optimize compression care and identified five main targets for improvement.
Social relationships and their associations with affective symptoms of women with breast cancer: A scoping review
Authors: Yang Yesol , Lin Yufen , Sikapokoo Grace Oforiwa , Min Se Hee , Caviness-Ashe Nicole , Zhang Jing , Ledbetter Leila , Nolan Timiya S. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Problems in affective and cognitive functioning are among the most common concurrent symptoms that breast cancer patients report. Social relationships may provide some explanations of the clinical variability in affective-cognitive symptoms. Evidence suggests that social relationships (functional and structural aspects) can be associated with patients’ affective-cognitive symptoms; however, such an association has not been well studied in the context of breast cancer.

Purpose
The purpose of this scoping review was to address the following question: What social relationships are associated with affective-cognitive symptoms of women with breast cancer?

Methods
This scoping review used the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and PRISMA-Sc. Studies published by February 2022 were searched using four databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), and Web of Science (Clarivate). All retrieved citations were independently screened and eligibility for inclusion was determined by study team members. Extracted data included research aims, design, sample, type and measures of social relationships (functional and structural), and the association between social relationships and affective-cognitive symptoms

Results
A total of 70 studies were included. Affective symptoms were positively associated with social support, family functioning, quality of relationships, social networks, and social integration, whereas the negative association was found with social constraints.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest positive social relationships may mitigate affective symptoms of women with breast cancer. Thus, health care providers need to educate patients about the importance of building solid social relationships and encourage them to participate in a supportive network of friends and family members.
Hidrogéis a base da goma do cajueiro e poli(ácido acrílico) como potenciais fornecedores de água na agricultura
Authors: Soares José Hermeson da Silva 
Published: August 2022

Duas séries de hidrogel denominadas HG1/HG2 constituídas do polissacarídeo goma do cajueiro (GC) e acrilato poli(ácido acrílico) com capacidade absorvente e de liberação controlada de água, foram preparadas por polimerização em solução aquosa na presença do agente reticulante N’N’-metileno-bis-acrilamida (MBA) e o iniciador reacional persulfato de potássio (KPS) sob aquecimento e variando a concentração de reticulante e monomérica. A goma do cajueiro foi purificada por precipitação em etanol e estudada quanto a parâmetros de teor de acidez, condutimetria, rendimento e aspectos macroscópicos. Análises por infravermelho FTIR revelaram que a GC foi modificada a partir da inserção na cadeia de poli(ácido acrílico), e a reticulação entre cadeias se deu pela presença de MBA. A inserção da GC e a presença de grupos ácidos conferiram aos polímeros propriedades absorventes e de resposta a mudança de pH. Análises in vitro de intumescimento variando condições de pH, concentração salina em ciclos reversíveis forneceram informações quanto a degradabilidade através da formação de fase gel. O grau de absorção e liberação simulando aplicação no solo agrícola mostrou que os hidrogéis possuem potencial de aplicação como sistemas fornecedores de água, no entanto, o hidrogel com menores proporções monoméricas e de reticulante mostrou-se mais promissor.
A Mediação Preventiva e o Ecossistema das Empresas da Nova Economia: O alto índice de mortalidade das Startups brasileiras / Preventive Mediation and the New Economy Companies Ecosystem: The high mortality rate of Brazilian Startups
Authors: Sardinha Flavia Campos , Galvão Rosa 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: O artigo traz a proposta da mediação preventiva como ferramenta para fomentar o diálogo e o alinhamento entre os sócios, e, eventualmente, aumentar o potencial de sucesso e de perenidade das startups. Estatísticas revelam as dificuldades de relacionamento entre os sócios como uma das principais causas para o alto índice de mortalidade das startups brasileiras. Como forma de ilustrar estas estatísticas, foram realizadas entrevistas, com fundadores de startups, a fim de revelar as suas experiências na constituição e gestão do negócio. Na conclusão, o artigo destaca os benefícios da mediação preventiva na negociação dos interesses, necessidades e expectativas dos sócios de modo a auxiliá-los nas tratativas para constituição de startupsem um ecossistema de riscos e incertezas.Palavras-Chave: Startups; Negociação; Sócios Fundadores; Nova Economia; Mediação Preventiva. Abstract: This paper aims at discussing about preventive mediation as a tool to foster dialogue and alignment between business partners, and, eventually, increase the potential for success and continuity of startups. Statistics show that the relationship difficulties between partners as one of the main causes for the high mortality rate of Brazilian startups. As a way of illustrating these statistics, interviews with startup founders were carried out in order to reveal their experiences in the negotiations for the establishment and management of the business. In conclusion, the article seeks to highlight the benefits of preventive mediation in the negotiation of partners’ interests, needs and expectations, in order to increase the chances of constituting startups in an ecosystem of risks and uncertainties.Keywords: Startups; Negotiation; Founding Partners; New Economy; Preventive Mediation.
Pré-Mediação: A Importância dessa etapa para a Mediação / Pre-Mediation: The Importance of this Step for Mediation
Authors: Regina Camila Peixoto Olivetti , Fernandes Érika Chaves , Sardinha Flavia Campos 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: O presente artigo visa a discutir a importância da pré-mediação para o bom desenvolvimento da mediação. Percebe-se que ainda há muito desconhecimento acerca da mediação, sua aplicabilidade e seu procedimento, bem como uma falta de preparo adequado das partes e advogados, o que certamente prejudica o bom andamento da mediação. Assim, buscou-se verificar e comprovar a importância da sessão de pré-mediação para o bom desenvolvimento da mediação, uma vez que é nessa etapa que as partes são orientadas sobre os princípios e objetivos da mediação, sobre os papéis de cada um, dentre outras importantes orientações que certamente contribuem para uma mediação mais fluida, organizada e frutífera.Palavras-Chave: Mediação; Pré-mediação; preparação; Mediação extrajudicial; Mediadores. Abstract: This article aims to discuss the importance of pre-mediation for the good development of mediation. It is noticed that there is still a lot of ignorance about mediation, its applicability and its procedure, as well as lack of adequate preparation of the parties and lawyers, which certainly harms the smooth running of the mediation. Thus, we sought to verify and prove the importance of the pre-mediation session for the good development of mediation, since it is at this stage that the parties are oriented on the principles and objectives of mediation, on the roles of each one, among other important guidelines, that certainly contribute to a more fluid, organized and fruitful mediation.Keywords: Mediation; Pre-mediation; preparation; out-of-court dispute settlement; mediators.
Reflexões sobre os Métodos de Resolução de Conflitos: A Mediação e a Justiça no contexto atual brasileiro / Reflections on Conflict Resolution Methods, Mediation and Justice in the current Brazilian context
Authors: Braga Neto Adolfo 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Justiça e como conquistá-la tem se revelado através dos tempos como um grande desafio, em razão dos infinitos significados que a própria palavra comporta. Torna-se difícil também elencar o número de pensadores que ofereceram e oferecem a sua própria perspectiva. Para muitos, a Justiça é um componente que se faz imprescindível para o viver, ou do melhor viver do ser humano. Outros, a concebem como elemento a ser buscado diante de conflitos nas relações afetivas, comerciais, profissionais, etc... entre os seres humanos. O objetivo do presente artigo é oferecer breves reflexões sobre os métodos de resolução de conflitos devidamente enquadrados na legislação brasileira, cuja experiência prática adquirida no País oferece o alcance mais amplo do acesso à Justiça. A Mediação privilegia a solução fora do critério do certo ou errado, com a perspectiva clara da adequação da solução pelo concurso da autodeterminação dos envolvidos no conflito.Palavras-chave: Resolução de conflitos. Mediação. Justiça.Abstract: Justice is essential for human coexistence, where there is some kind of conflict. Be it family, professional or other denomination or type. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the methods of conflict resolution duly framed in Brazilian legislation. In addition, it is also important to assess in these brief observations how much the majority of the Brazilian population is unaware of its possibilities. Justice today in Brazil is not only done through the Judiciary, it is also done through negotiation, arbitration, dispute board, restorative justice, conciliation and Mediation. The latter, due to its characteristics and principles, breaks with different paradigms, making it unique and, therefore, innovative. It is a simple, dialogic and necessary instrument for human relationships, when in moments of conflict. Such innovation has become very evident in recent times with the Covid 19 pandemic, when individuals or legal entities are forced to undergo some type of social isolation overnight. New technologies have offered a way to minimize distance, where conflict resolution methods, in particular Mediation, seem to have adapted quickly.Keywords: Conflict resolution. Virtual Mediation. Justice. Covid-19.
Laboratório de Mediação: Uma experiência incentivadora / Mediation Laboratory: An encouraging experience
Authors: Boin Carla , Braga Neto Adolfo 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: O Laboratório de Mediação é uma proposta de espaço virtual para integração entre estudiosa/x/os e praticantes da Mediação e, para o intercâmbio de experiências e saberes a partir de temas pré-determinados. O fato de ser uma atividade virtual tem possibilitado a participação de pessoas de diversas regiões, tanto dentro como fora do Brasil, o que vem tornando a experiência cada vez mais rica e inspiradora.Palavras-chave: Laboratório de mediação. Espaço virtual. Praticantes da madiação. Abstract: The Mediation Laboratory is a proposal for a virtual space for integration between scholars and Mediation practitioners, and for the exchange of experiences and knowledge based on predetermined themes. The fact that it is a virtual activity has enabled the participation of people from different regions, both inside and outside Brazil, which has made the experience increasingly rich and inspiring. Keywords: Mediation laboratory. Virtual space. Meditation practitioners.
A Mediação Virtual e os Avanços Tecnológicos do Sistema Metaverso / Virtual Mediation and Technological Advances in the Metaverse System
Authors: Parisi Denise Antonia Lentini , Fernandes Érika Chaves , Jacchieri Mayra Lucia Araujo , Mendonça Sandra de Aquino 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva analisar transformações na Mediação virtual que poderão resultar do avanço tecnológico denominado Sistema Metaverso, o qual propõe uma nova forma de interação humana em ambiente digital imersivo a partir da representatividade de pessoas através de bonecos por elas criados, a gosto e semelhança, denominados avatares. Trata-se de realidade a se verificar em futuro próximo, uma vez que empresas de grande porte tais como Microsoft, Disney, Adidas Nike e Budweiser, sem contar as plataformas WhatsApp, Instagram e Facebook já sinalizaram a adoção do sistema metaverso às suas denominações, sendo voz corrente que se configura uma nova geração da internet que trará às pessoas formas inéditas de ser e estar no mundo. Palavras-Chave: Metaverso. Mediação Virtual. Identidade Digital. Acesso Digital Abstract: This article aims to analyze transformations in virtual Mediation that may result from the technological advance called Metaverse System, which proposes a new form of human interaction in an immersive digital environment based on the representation of people through dolls created by them, to taste and likeness, called avatars. This is a reality to be verified in the near future, since large companies such as Microsoft, Disney, Adidas Nike and Budweiser, not to mention the platforms Whatsapp, Instagram and Faceboock, have already signaled the adoption of the metaverse system to their names, being a current voice that configures a new generation of the internet that will bring people new ways of being and being in the world. Keywords: Metaverse. Virtual Mediation. Digital Identity. Digital Access
Pembelajaran Daring Pendidikan Agama Islam di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Sekolah Menengah Sederajat
Authors: Muhammad Nurul Mubin  
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji seperti apa bagainana konsep pembelajaran PAI di masa pandemi covid-19 di sekolah menengah sederajat. penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kulaitatif dalam gaya eksplorasi kepustakaan kontekstual dimana mengkorelasikan berbagai literature. Pengumpulan data mengumpulkan buku, jurnal yang relevan , validasi data yang dipercaya bisa diambil serta disimpulkan menjadi semua temuan baru tentang konsep bagaimana pembelajaran daring pendidikan agama islam di masa pandemi covid-19 di sekolah menengah sederajat. Beberapa metode pembelajaran yang dapat dilakukan pada kondisi pandemi ini diantaranya diskusi dan penugasan berbasis online, project based learning, blended learning. Adapun beberapa aplikasi meanstream yang bisa digunakan untuk pembelajaran daring di antaranya whatsapp, google classroom, zoom, edmodo, dan sebagainya. Kerja sama orang tua dan guru merupakan persyaratan mutlak untuk pembelajaran Daring. Oleh karena itu, sinergitas keseluruh staekholder, sekolah dan orang tua harus komperhensif.