bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoinduced Multi‐Bit Nonvolatile Memory Based on a van der Waals Heterostructure with a 2D‐Perovskite Floating Gate
Authors: Lai Haojie , Zhou Yang , Zhou Huabin , Zhang Ning , Ding Xidong , Liu Pengyi , Wang Xiaomu , Xie Weiguang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of floating‐gate nonvolatile memory (FGNVM) is limited by the charge storage, retention and transfer ability of the charge‐trapping layer. Here, it is demonstrated that due to the unique alternate inorganic/organic chain structure and superior optical sensitivity, an insulating 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite (2D‐RPP) layer can function both as an excellent charge‐storage layer and a photosensitive layer. Optoelectronic memory composed of a MoS2/hBN/2D‐RPP (MBR) van der Waals heterostructure is demonstrated. The MBR device exhibits unique light‐controlled charge‐storage characteristics, with maximum memory window up to 92 V, high on/off ratio of 104, negligible degeneration over 103 s, >1000 program/erase cycles, and write speed of 500 µs. Dependent on the initial states, the MBR optoelectronic memory can be programmed in both positive photoconductivity (PPC) and negative photoconductivity (NPC) modes, with up to 11 and 22 distinct resistance states, respectively. The optical program power for each bit is as low as 36/10 pJ for PPC/NPC. The results not only reveal the potential of 2D‐RPP as a superior charge‐storage medium in floating‐gate memory, but also provides an effective strategy toward fast, low‐power and stable optical multi‐bit storage and neuromorphic computing.
Roles of MXene in Pressure Sensing: Preparation, Composite Structure Design, and Mechanism
Authors: Lei Dandan , Liu Nishuang , Su Tuoyi , Zhang Qixiang , Wang Luoxin , Ren Ziqi , Gao Yihua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors are one of the most important components in the fields of electronic skin (e‐skin), robotics, and health monitoring. However, the application of pressure sensors in practice is still difficult and expensive due to the limited sensing properties and complex manufacturing process. The emergence of MXene, a red‐hot member of the 2D nanomaterials, has brought a brand‐new breakthrough for pressure sensing. Ti3C2Tx is the most popular studied MXene in the field of pressure sensing and shows good mechanical, electrical properties, excellent hydrophilicity, and extensive modifiability. It will ameliorate the properties of the sensitive layer and electrode layer of the pressure sensor, and further apply pressure sensing to many fields, such as e‐skin flexibility. Herein, the preparation technologies, antioxidant methods, and properties of MXene are summarized. The design of MXene‐based microstructures is introduced, including hydrogels, aerogels, foam, fabrics, and composite nanofibers. The mechanisms of MXene pressure sensors are further broached, including piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and potentiometric transduction mechanism. Moreover, the integration of multiple devices is reviewed. Finally, the chance and challenge of pressure sensors improved by MXene smart materials in future e‐skin and the Internet of Things are prospected.
Unveiling the Interaction Mechanisms of Electron and X‐ray Radiation with Halide Perovskite Semiconductors using Scanning Nanoprobe Diffraction
Authors: Ferrer Orri Jordi , Doherty Tiarnan A.S. , Johnstone Duncan , Collins Sean M. , Simons Hugh , Midgley Paul A. , Ducati Caterina , Stranks Samuel D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe interaction of high‐energy electrons and X‐ray photons with beam‐sensitive semiconductors such as halide perovskites is essential for the characterization and understanding of these optoelectronic materials. Using nanoprobe diffraction techniques, which can investigate physical properties on the nanoscale, studies of the interaction of electron and X‐ray radiation with state‐of‐the‐art (FA0.79MA0.16Cs0.05)Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 hybrid halide perovskite films (FA, formamidinium; MA, methylammonium) are performed, tracking the changes in the local crystal structure as a function of fluence using scanning electron diffraction and synchrotron nano X‐ray diffraction techniques. Perovskite grains are identified, from which additional reflections, corresponding to PbBr2, appear as a crystalline degradation phase after fluences of 200 e− Å−2. These changes are concomitant with the formation of small PbI2 crystallites at the adjacent high‐angle grain boundaries, with the formation of pinholes, and with a phase transition from tetragonal to cubic. A similar degradation pathway is caused by photon irradiation in nano‐X‐ray diffraction, suggesting common underlying mechanisms. This approach explores the radiation limits of these materials and provides a description of the degradation pathways on the nanoscale. Addressing high‐angle grain boundaries will be critical for the further improvement of halide polycrystalline film stability, especially for applications vulnerable to high‐energy radiation such as space photovoltaics.
Introducing Metal–Organic Nanotubes to Derive High‐Density Bimetal Alloy Nanoparticles Supported on Nanorods for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Luo Hao , Lin Cong , Zhou Hongbin , Zhao Yajun , Wang Xiaomin , Zhang Dawei , Yu Yan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOxygen electrolysis is the key component of lithium–oxygen batteries, which require highly active cathode catalysts to reduce cathode polarization and improve cycling stability, while metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF‐derived carbon‐based materials have aroused great interest as alternatives to noble‐metal oxygen electrocatalysts. Herein, a single‐walled metal–organic nanotube (MONT), Ni(II)(C6H7NO6)(H2O), with a novel crystal structure, is synthesized and doped with cobalt to be used as precursors to produce the uniformly distributed high‐density NiCo alloy nanoparticles, which are encapsulated by the graphitized N‐doped carbon (NiCo@NC) and supported on the nanorods based on the structural and morphological characteristics of the MONT precursor. Benefited from the uniformly distributed high‐density catalytic active sites, bimetal alloy composition, and excellent mass transfer structure, the as‐derived NiCo@NC catalyst endows the assembled lithium–oxygen battery with a low overpotential of 0.98 V, a high discharge capacity of 12 477 mAh g–1, and more importantly, the excellent cycling stability of over 800 h. These findings demonstrate the potential of this superb catalyst in high‐performance lithium–oxygen batteries and diverse energy conversion and storage devices.
Tumor Derived Extracellular Vesicles Drive T Cell Exhaustion in Tumor Microenvironment through Sphingosine Mediated Signaling and Impacting Immunotherapy Outcomes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Gupta Prachi , Kadamberi Ishaque Pulikkal , Mittal Sonam , Tsaih Shirng‐Wern , George Jasmine , Kumar Sudhir , Vijayan Dileep K. , Geethadevi Anjali , Parashar Deepak , Topchyan Paytsar , McAlarnen Lindsey , Volkman Brian F , Cui Weiguo , Zhang Kam Y. J. , Di Vizio Dolores , Chaluvally‐Raghavan Pradeep , Pradeep Sunila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSPHK1 (sphingosine kinase‐1) catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), is found to be highly expressed in solid tumors. Here, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are identified as the key transporters of SPHK1 to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, SPHK1‐packaged EVs elevate S1P levels in the tumor microenvironment, where S1P appears as an immunosuppressive agent. However, the exact mechanism of how S1P mediates its immunosuppressive effects in cancer is not understood. It is investigated that S1P can induce T cell exhaustion. S1P can also upregulate programmed death ligand‐1 (PDL‐1) expression through E2F1‐mediated transcription. Notably, an SPHK1 inhibitor PF543 improves T cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, combining PF543 with an anti‐PD‐1 antibody reduces tumor burden and metastasis more effectively than PF543 alone in vivo. These data demonstrate a previously unrecognized mechanism of how SPHK1‐packaged EVs contribute to the progression of ovarian cancer and thus present the potential clinical application of inhibiting SPHK1/S1P signaling to improve immune checkpoint blockage (anti‐PD‐1 antibody) therapy in ovarian cancer.
Hierarchical Network Enabled Flexible Textile Pressure Sensor with Ultrabroad Response Range and High‐Temperature Resistance
Authors: Jia Meiling , Yi Chenghan , Han Yankun , Wang Lei , Li Xin , Xu Guoliang , He Ke , Li Nianci , Hou Yuxin , Wang Zhongguo , Zhu Yuanhao , Zhang Yuanao , Hu Mingzhu , Sun Ran , Tong Peifei , Yang Jiawei , Hu Yougen , Wang Zhixun , Li Weimin , Li Wenjie , Wei Lei , Yang Chunlei , Chen Ming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThin, lightweight, and flexible textile pressure sensors with the ability to detect the full range of faint pressure (<100 Pa), low pressure (≈KPa) and high pressure (≈MPa) are in significant demand to meet the requirements for applications in daily activities and more meaningfully in some harsh environments, such as high temperature and high pressure. However, it is still a significant challenge to fulfill these requirements simultaneously in a single pressure sensor. Herein, a high‐performance pressure sensor enabled by polyimide fiber fabric with functionalized carbon‐nanotube (PI/FCNT) is obtained via a facile electrophoretic deposition (EPD) approach. High‐density FCNT is evenly wrapped and chemically bonded to the fiber surface during the EPD process, forming a conductive hierarchical fiber/FCNT matrix. Benefiting from the large compressible region of PI fiber fabric, abundant yet firm contacting points and high elastic modulus of both PI and CNT, the proposed pressure sensor can be customized and modulated to achieve both an ultra‐broad sensing range, long‐term stability and high‐temperature resistance. Thanks to these merits, the proposed pressure sensor could monitor the human physiological information, detect tiny and extremely high pressure, can be integrated into an intelligent mechanical hand to detect the contact force under high‐temperature.
Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tsai Hsinhan , Huang Hsin‐Hsiang , Watt John , Hou Cheng‐Hung , Strzalka Joseph , Shyue Jing‐Jong , Wang Leeyih , Nie Wanyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAll inorganic cesium lead trihalide nanocrystals are promising light emitters for bright light emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, CsPb(BrCl)1.5 nanocrystals in metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) thin films are demonstrated to achieve bright and stable blue LEDs. The lead metal nodes in the MOF thin film react with Cs‐halide salts, resulting in 10–20 nm nanocrystals. This is revealed by X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Employing the CsPbX3‐MOF thin films as emission layers, bright deep blue and sky‐blue LEDs are demonstrated that emit at 452 and 476 nm respectively. The maximum external quantum efficiencies of these devices are 0.72% for deep blue LEDs and 5.6% for sky blue LEDs. More importantly, the device can maintain 50% of its original electroluminescence (T50) for 2.23 h when driving at 4.2 V. Detailed optical spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy suggest that the ion migration can be suppressed that maintains the emission brightness and spectra. The study provides a new route for fabricating stable blue light emitting diodes with all‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals.
Biallelic variants in TTC21B as a rare cause of early‐onset arterial hypertension and tubuloglomerular kidney disease
Authors: Olinger Eric , Phakdeekitcharoen Pran , Caliskan Yasar , Orr Sarah , Mabillard Holly , Pickles Charles , Tse Yincent , Wood Katrina ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Sayer John A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMonogenic disorders of the kidney typically affect either the glomerular or tubulointerstitial compartment producing a distinct set of clinical phenotypes. Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), for instance, is characterized by glomerular scarring with proteinuria and hypertension while nephronophthisis (NPHP) is associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, salt wasting, and low‐ to normal blood pressure. For both diseases, an expanding number of non‐overlapping genes with roles in glomerular filtration or primary cilium homeostasis, respectively, have been identified. TTC21B, encoding IFT139, however has been associated with disorders of both the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartment, and linked with defective podocyte cytoskeleton and ciliary transport, respectively. Starting from a case report of extreme early‐onset hypertension, proteinuria, and progressive kidney disease, as well as data from the Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project, we illustrate here the difficulties in assigning this mixed phenotype to the correct genetic diagnosis. Careful literature review supports the notion that biallelic, often hypomorph, missense variants in TTC21B are commonly associated with early‐onset hypertension and histological features of both FSGS and NPHP. Increased clinical recognition of this mixed glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease with often mild or absent features of a typical ciliopathy as well as inclusion of TTC21B on gene panels for early‐onset arterial hypertension might shorten the diagnostic odyssey for patients affected by this rare tubuloglomerular kidney disease.
Regional cerebral hypometabolism on 18F‐FDG PET/CT scan in delirium is independent of acute illness and dementia
Authors: Nitchingham Anita , Pereira Jarett Vanz‐Brian , Wegner Eva A. , Oxenham Vincent , Close Jacqueline , Caplan Gideon A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionDelirium is associated with new onset dementia and accelerated cognitive decline; however, its pathophysiology remains unknown. Cerebral glucose metabolism previously seen in delirium may have been attributable to acute illness and/or dementia. We aimed to statistically map cerebral glucose metabolism attributable to delirium.MethodsWe assessed cerebral glucose metabolism using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) in sick, older patients with and without delirium, all without clinical dementia (N = 20). Strict exclusion criteria were adopted to minimize the effect of established confounders on FDG‐PET.ResultsPatients with delirium demonstrated hypometabolism in the bilateral thalami and right superior frontal, right posterior cingulate, right infero‐lateral anterior temporal, and left superior parietal cortices. Regional hypometabolism correlated with delirium severity and performance on neuropsychological testing.DiscussionIn patients with acute illness but without clinical dementia, delirium is accompanied by regional cerebral hypometabolism. While some hypometabolic regions may represent preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), thalamic hypometabolism is atypical of AD and consistent with the clinical features that are unique to delirium.
Incidence, morbidity, mortality and disparities in dementia: A population linked electronic health records study of 4.3 million individuals
Authors: Chung Sheng‐Chia , Providencia Rui , Sofat Reecha , Pujades‐Rodriguez Mar , Torralbo Ana , Fatemifar Ghazaleh , Fitzpatrick Natalie K. , Taylor Julie , Li Ken , Dale Caroline , Rossor Martin , Acosta‐Mena Dionisio , Whittaker John , Denaxas Spiros 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe report dementia incidence, comorbidities, reasons for health‐care visits, mortality, causes of death, and examined dementia patterns by relative deprivation in the UK.MethodA longitudinal cohort analysis of linked electronic health records from 4.3 million people in the UK was conducted to investigate dementia incidence and mortality. Reasons for hospitalization and causes of death were compared in individuals with and without dementia.ResultsFrom 1998 to 2016 we observed 145,319 (3.1%) individuals with incident dementia. Repeated hospitalizations among senior adults for infection, unknown morbidity, and multiple primary care visits for chronic pain were observed prior to dementia diagnosis. Multiple long‐term conditions are present in half of the individuals at the time of diagnosis. Individuals living in high deprivation areas had higher dementia incidence and high fatality.DiscussionThere is a considerable disparity of dementia that informs priorities of prevention and provision of patient care.
Nicht‐immunsuppressive Cyclophilin‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Schiene‐Fischer Cordelia , Fischer Gunter , Braun Manfred 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCyclophiline, Enzyme mit einer Peptidyl‐Prolyl‐cis/trans‐Isomerase‐Aktivität, sind für eine Vielzahl biologischer Prozesse von Bedeutung. Das am häufigsten vorkommende Mitglied dieser Enzymfamilie, Cyclophilin A, ist der zelluläre Rezeptor des Immunsuppressivums Cyclosporin A (CsA). Aufgrund der pathophysiologischen Rolle der Cyclophiline, insbesondere bei Virusinfektionen, besteht ein breites Interesse an der Inhibierung von Cyclophilinen ohne immunsuppressive Wirkung. In diesem Überblick wird zunächst eine Einführung in die physiologische und pathophysiologische Rolle der Cyclophiline gegeben. Die Präsentation der nicht‐immunsuppressiven Cyclophilin‐Inhibitoren beginnt mit Wirkstoffen, die auf chemischen Modifikationen von CsA basieren. Die makrocyclischen, natürlich vorkommenden Sanglifehrine wurden zu einer weiteren Leitstruktur für Cyclophilin‐inhibierende Wirkstoffe. Schließlich werden de novo entwickelte Verbindungen vorgestellt, deren Strukturen nicht von Naturstoffen abgeleitet oder durch sie inspiriert sind. Es werden relevante synthetische Konzepte erörtert, jedoch liegt auch ein Schwerpunkt auf biochemischen Untersuchungen, Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehungen und klinischen Studien.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed (4+1) Cycloaddition between Benzocyclobutenones and Styrene‐Type Alkenes
Authors: Ochi Shusuke , Zhang Zining , Xia Ying , Dong Guangbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHerein, we describe a unique one‐carbon ring‐expansion strategy to access multi‐substituted 2‐indanones from benzocyclobutenones and styrene‐type olefins. The use of a cationic “ligandless” rhodium catalyst was the key for both high reactivity and selectivity towards the (4+1) product. Broad functional group tolerance, a good substrate scope, and scalability have been demonstrated. Computation studies reveal that the origin of the (4+1) selectivity is due to a facile β‐H elimination pathway that reduces the overall barrier of the turnover‐limiting C−C reductive elimination step.
Nickel supported on magnetic biochar as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of spirooxindole‐dihydropyridines
Authors: Dong Li‐Na , Wang Ya‐Meng , Zhang Wan‐Lu , Mo Li‐Ping , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMagnetic materials show promising applications in heterogeneous catalysis because of their ease of separation and good reusability. The present work reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel magnetic biochar supported nickel catalyst. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), powder X‐ray diffraction technology (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques were used for analyzing the prepared catalyst. The prepared catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity for synthesis of spirooxindole‐dihydropyridines derivatives by a one‐pot three‐component reaction of isatin, barbituric acid, and 6‐amino uracil or 1H‐pyrazol‐5‐amine. This new methodology demonstrated some important features, including high yields, lower loading of the catalyst, easy work‐up, and recyclability of the catalyst for a minimum of six times without an obvious decay of catalytic performance.
Silver‐catalysed A3‐coupling reactions in phenylacetic acid/alkylamineN‐oxide eutectic mixture under dielectric heating: An alternative approach to propargylamines
Authors: Brambilla Elisa , Bortolla Alison , Pirovano Valentina , Caselli Alessandro , Tiecco Matteo , Abbiati Giorgio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of alternative benign reaction conditions to perform multicomponent reactions is an interesting and desirable strategy to increase the sustainability of organic synthesis. In this paper, we report a new version of A3‐coupling MCR for the preparation of differently substituted propargylamines starting from aldehydes, alkynes and amines in an acidic DES as reaction media, under dielectric heating, and in the presence of a tetraaza‐macrocyclic silver complex as catalyst. The reaction scope is broad in terms of aldehyde partners. Electron‐rich phenylacetylenes are the more reactive alkynes partners, whereas the nature of the amine is the more serious limitation as only secondary cyclic amines are tolerated.
Construction of solvent resistance O‐PASS@UiO‐66‐NH2/O‐PASS composite membrane for methylene blue removal
Authors: Wu Xibin , Wei Zhimei , Yang Jie , Zhang Gang , Long Shengru , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purification of dye wastewater plays a critical role in water pollution treatment. Adsorption is a cheap and effective separation technology but is limited by the reuse of adsorption materials. Ultrafiltration membranes have a relatively high flux but their pores are too large to reject small dye molecules. In this study, negatively charged oxidized poly (arylene sulfide sulfone) (O‐PASS) membrane, NMP pretreatment oxidized O‐PASS (N‐O‐PASS) membrane, and O‐PASS@UiO‐66‐NH2/O‐PASS composite membranes were fabricated to retain cationic methylene blue (MB) from wastewater by combining ultrafiltration and adsorption techniques. The increased porosity of the N‐O‐PASS membrane provides more available adsorption sites for an equilibrium MB adsorption amount of 22.5 (mg g−1) and 100% rejection in the first 10 min during ultrafiltration with a pure water flux of 162.32 (L m−2 h−1 bar−1). Due to the enhanced hydrophilicity and separating property by deposited UiO‐66‐NH2 particles and PASS resin, O‐PASS@UiO‐66‐NH2/O‐PASS composite membrane shows a flux of 170.32 (L m−2 h−1 bar−1) and a 100% MB rejection in 60 min with great reusability. The O‐PASS@UiO‐66‐NH2/O‐PASS composite membrane is a new promising membrane for the removal of dyes from wastewater. Meanwhile, the superior solvent resistance endows it great adaptability in wide applications, especially in harsh conditions.
Polyester/polyvinyl butyral/zirconium carbide multifunctional composite yarn with high photothermal conversion capacity
Authors: Jin Xinya , Li Wenbin , Ke Guizhen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel composite yarn was prepared by simple sizing coating using polyester (PET) as core yarn and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and zirconium carbide (ZrC) suspension as slurry. The scanning electron microscope results revealed the core–shell structure of the composite yarn and ZrC particles deposited on surface coating successfully. The maximum near‐infrared absorption rate of the fabric made of PET/PVB/ZrC composite yarn reached 96.42%. The test showed that when exposed to infrared light (dominant wavelength 950 nm), the surface temperature of the composite yarn rose more quickly than that of pure PET yarn. The photothermal conversion property of the composite yarn reached the best when PET yarn was treated in 4 wt% PVB solution with 5 wt% ZrC content. The composite yarn also exhibited good light‐to‐heat performance in real environment. In addition, PVB/ZrC coating provided the composite yarn excellent ultraviolet (UV) protection (UPF 50+) and produced little effect on thermal stability. Durability tests of PET/5%PVB/4%ZrC composite yarn verified pretty good washing resistance of near‐infrared absorption and UV protection properties of the composite yarn. This work provides a simple and economical method for preparing multifunctional composite yarn.