bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The lower lip profile change during total distalization of the mandibular dentition
Authors: Kim Bumjin , Shin Jeong Won , Hong Christine , Baik Un-Bong , Kim Young Ho , Chae Hwa Sung , Ahn Yun Pyo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the lower lip profile during Class III lower total arch distalization camouflage treatment.

Methods

The cohort included 45 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion. These patients underwent camouflage orthodontic treatment with lower arch total distalization. Lateral cephalograms at the pre-treatment stage and post-treatment stage were taken. Cephalometric measurements were analyzed to uncover the influencing factors of the lower lip profile. This study defined new variables; i.e., CK and CKA, for detailed soft tissue analysis.

Results

Novel soft tissue measurements presented in this study showed statistically significant changes after treatment. The CK angle and L1 to A Pog, L1 to NB, and IMPA were statistically correlated. Simple regression analysis was conducted between variables. The formulas were ΔCKA = 0.79(Δ L1 to NB) -1.6 and multiple regression resulted in ΔCKA = 0.5(Δ L1 to NB) – 0.42 (‘LL to Eline’, before treatment)

Conclusions

The present study provided evidence that the lower lip evaluation including the novel CKA and CKHA, were significantly related to the mandibular incisal position during total distalization of the mandibular dentition. The results demonstrated that, clinically, significant lip retraction can be obtained. Therefore, non-extraction with distalization must be suggested as the first treatment option in mild skeletal Class III malocclusion patients.
Effects of tracer position on screw placement technique in robot- assisted posterior spine surgery
Authors: Ding Lixiang , Yi Meng , Song Jipeng , Zhang Yao , Lin Wancheng , Yao Mingtao , Fan Yuyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the potential effects of tracers on surgical outcomes in robot-assisted spine surgery.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of robot-assisted spine surgery performed in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from September 2020 and September 2022 was conducted. All patients were divided into two groups based on tracer location. A case-control study was performed to determine the potential effects of tracer positions on surgical procedures.
Results
A total of 525 pedicle screws placed in 92 robot-assisted surgeries were analyzed. The rate of a perfect screw position was 94.9%. There was no significant difference in age, sex, height and body weight between the two groups. The spinous group had significantly higher screw accuracy whereas longer operational duration.
Conclusion
The robot-assisted guided pedicle screwing technique has significantly improved screw accuracy compared to the traditional freehand screwing technique. Placing the tracer on the spinous process as opposed to the iliac spine may result in longer procedure duration or increased bleeding, but enhanced satisfaction of screw placement.
Agro Residues Phyllanthus Emblica and Punica Granatum Used as Substrate for Production, Characterization of Tannase Enzyme Under Solid State Fermentation From Aspergillus Niger
Authors: R Preethi rathna , M Kalpanadevi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The enzyme tannase hydrolyzes tannin esters and lateral bonds, releasing glucose and gallic acid, and plays a role in wine and juice clarification. Penicillium and Aspergillus are excellent producers of this enzyme. In addition to seeking out fungi that produce high levels of tannase, new substrates for SSF enzyme production should be investigated. Tannase is an important enzyme utilized in various industries as it has a wide range of applications. The most economical method for producing tannase was solid-state fermentation with Aspergillus nigerand agricultural wasteThe solid-state fermentation substrate used was amla leaf (Phyllanthus Emblica) and pomegranate leaf (Punica granatum). A Placket-Burman and RSM analysis was used to determine the best producer. Punica granatum showed the highestactivity. The antimicrobial activity was performed for both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., The Antibiofilm activity of purified tannase was performed by well plate assay over selected pathogens. The Antioxidant activity of purified tannase enzyme extract is tested against standard ascorbic acid. This is among the limited reports in which a source of fungi was employed to produce tannase.
Bacteroidales-specific antimicrobial genes influence the selection of the dominant fecal strain of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis from the gastrointestinal tract microbial community
Authors: Koo Hyunmin , Morrow Casey D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have used metagenomic sequencing to provide strain level resolution of the dominant fecal microbial community. Subsequent studies have shown that perturbations, such as antibiotics can result in the transient appearance of new fecal dominant strains that after a short time are replaced with the pre-antibiotic strains indicating the existence of a microbial community gastrointestinal tract (GIT) reservoir.
Results
To gain insight into the selection of dominant fecal microbial strains from the GIT, we have focused our studies on Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis, which are known to be prominent in the human fecal microbial community. Using 3 longitudinal metagenomic sequencing data sets, we have analyzed sequence reads of individual fecal samples using BLAST+ to search for genes encoding Bacteroidales-specific antimicrobial proteins that have known functions to restrict species-specific replication of B. uniformis(BSAP-2) or B. vulgatus (BSAP-3). The BSAP gene, including 5’ and 3’ sequences, was then visualized using Integrative Genomics Viewer. Using the HMP data set, we found fecal samples from individuals had B. vulgatusor B. uniformis with either complete or deleted BSAP gene patterns that did not change over time. We also examined fecal samples from two separate longitudinal data sets of individuals that had been given either single or multiple antibiotics. The BSAP phenotype and gene pattern from most individuals given either single or multiple antibiotics recovered to be the same as the pre-antibiotic strain. However, in a few individuals, we found that the presence of the BSAP positive phenotype restricted the appearance of a BSAP negative phenotype during the recovery of the fecal dominant strain following antibiotic perturbation.
Conclusions
We demonstrate the dominant fecal B. uniformis or B. vulgatus strains contain a defined and stable BSAP phenotype. In some individuals, the BSAP positive phenotype dominated the BSAP negative phenotype during recovery from antibiotics, supporting the influence of the BSAP proteins in the selection from the GIT microbial community. The results of these studies provide a basis for targeting the Bacteroides BSAP genes to alter microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions in efforts to modify functions of the Bacteroides spp. in the gut community.
Effects of periodontal pathogen–induced intestinal dysbiosis on transplant immunity in an allogenic skin graft model
Authors: Mei Takanori , Noguchi Hiroshi , Kuraji Ryutaro , Kubo Shinsuke , Sato Yu , Kaku Keizo , Okabe Yasuhiro , Onishi Hideya , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Periodontal disease can alter the intestinal microbiota. Harmful changes to the microbiota are called “dysbiosis” and can induce systemic inflammation and affect transplant immunity. Here we examined the effects of periodontal disease–related intestinal dysbiosis on transplant immunity using a mouse model of allogenic skin graft in which the mice were orally administered the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). The Pg group received Pg orally for 6 weeks, while the control group received phosphate-buffered saline solution orally for 6 weeks. Both groups received allogenic skin grafts. We compared levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (fecal microbiome metabolites) and the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) out of total CD4 + T cells before skin grafting. We performed the allogenic skin transplantation and also assessed skin graft survival. SCFA (acetate and propionate) levels were significantly higher (p = 0.040 and p = 0.005), the ratio of Tregs to total CD4 + T cells in the peripheral blood and spleen was significantly greater (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001) than in the control group. Oral administration of Pg significantly prolonged skin graft survival (p < 0.001). Periodontal pathogen–induced intestinal dysbiosis may affect transplant immunity through increased levels of SCFAs and Tregs.
Energy Formula, Surface geometry and Energy Extraction for Kerr-Sen Black Hole
Authors: Pradhan Parthapratim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We evaluate the \emph{surface energy~(${\cal E}_{s}^{\pm}$), the rotational energy~(${\cal E}_{r}^{\pm}$) and the electromagnetic energy~(${\cal E}_{em}^{\pm}$)} for a \emph{charged rotating black hole~(BH) in heterotic string theory} having the event horizon~(${\cal H}^{+}$) and the Cauchy horizon~(${\cal H}^{-}$). Interestingly, we find that the \emph{sum of these three energies is equal to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner~(ADM) mass parameter i.e. ${\cal E}_{s}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{r}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{em}^{\pm}={\cal M}$}. Moreover in terms of the \emph{ scale parameter ~$(\zeta_{\pm})$, the distortion parameter~($\xi_{\pm}$) and a new parameter~$(\sigma_{\pm})$} which corresponds to the area~(${\cal A}_{\pm}$), the angular momentum ~$(J)$ and the charge parameter~($Q$), we find that the \emph{ADM mass parameter in a compact form} ${\cal E}_{s}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{r}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{em}^{\pm}={\cal M} =\frac{\zeta_{\pm} }{2}\sqrt{\frac{1+2\,\sigma_{\pm}^2}{1-\xi_{\pm}^2}}$%\begin{eqnarray}%{\cal E}_{s}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{r}^{\pm}+{\cal E}_{em}^{\pm}={\cal M} =\frac{\zeta_{\pm} }{2}%\sqrt{\frac{1+2\,\sigma_{\pm}^2}{1-\xi_{\pm}^2}} \nonumber%\end{eqnarray}which is valid for ${\cal H}^{\pm}$. We also compute the \emph{equatorial circumference and polar circumference} which is a gross measure of the BH surface deformation. It is shown that when the spinning rate of the BH increases, the \emph{equatorial circumference increases} while the \emph{polar circumference decreases}. We show that there exists two class of geometry separated by $\xi_{\pm}=\frac{1}{2}$ for Kerr-Sen BH. In the regime $\frac{1}{2}<\xi_{\pm}\leq \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, the Gaussian curvature is negative and there exists \emph{two polar caps} on the surface. While for $\xi_{\pm}<\frac{1}{2}$, the Gaussian curvature is positive and the surface will be an oblate deformed sphere. Furthermore, we compute the exact expression of \emph{rotational energy that should be extracted from the BH via Penrose process}. The maximum value of rotational energy which is extractable should occur for \emph{extremal charged rotating BH in heterotic string theory} i.e. ${\cal E}_{r}^{+}%=\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2}\right)\sqrt{2{\cal M}^2-Q^2}=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{\frac{J}{2}}$
Machine learning driven drug repurposing strategy for identification of potential RET inhibitors against non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ramesh Priyanka , Karuppasamy Ramanathan , Veerappapillai Shanthi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide accounting about 85% of total lung cancer cases. The receptor REarranged during Transfection (RET) plays an important role by ligand independent activation of kinase domain resulting in carcinogenesis. Presently, the treatment for RET driven NSCLC is limited to multiple kinase inhibitors. This situation necessitates the discovery of novel and potent RET specific inhibitors. Thus, we employed high throughput screening strategy to repurpose FDA approved compounds from DrugBank comprising of 2509 molecules. It is worth noting that the initial screening is accomplished with the aid of in-house machine learning model built using IC50 values corresponding to 2854 compounds obtained from BindingDB repository. A total of 497 compounds (19%) were predicted as actives by our generated model. Subsequent in silico validation process such as molecular docking, MMGBSA and density function theory analysis resulted in identification of two lead compounds named DB09313 and DB00471. The simulation study highlights the potency of DB00471 (Montelukast) as potential RET inhibitor among the investigated compounds. In the end, the half-minimal inhibitory activity of montelukast was also predicted against RET protein expressing LC-2/ad cell lines demonstrated significant anticancer activity. Collective analysis from our study highlights that montelukast could be a promising candidate for the management of RET specific NSCLC.
Successful pregnancy and delivery in a Chinese female with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Xiao-Tong , Zhou Xing-Yu , Liu Yu-Dong , Wang Zhe , Zhou Lin , Chen Shi-Ling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) in female patients is mainly characterized by short stature, primary amenorrhea, absent or incomplete sexual maturation, and infertility. Successful pregnancies among these patients are still extremely rare. This study was designed to describe a successful pregnancy and delivery in a Chinese female with PSIS following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
Methods
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning of the hypothalamus-pituitary region and genetic analysis of PSIS-associated genes was performed via whole-exome sequencing to identify the potential genetic causes of this disorder. We additionally explored the feasibility to overcome the infertility by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and frozen-thawed embryo transfer under multiple pituitary hormone supplementation.
Results
We found that the 28-year-old Chinese woman with PSIS exhibited characteristic symptoms including multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, typical triad signs in MRI scanning, undetectable serum gonadotropins and estradiol levels, and invisible antral follicles in both ovaries. While no pathogenic/possible pathogenic variants that could or partly explain the typical clinical phenotype of PSIS were found following whole-exome sequencing. At the first attempted controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle, 14 oocytes were retrieved, and 6 embryos were acquired. Artificial endometrial preparation and frozen-thawed embryo transfer were performed one month after oocyte retrieval, and one day-5 blastocyst was transferred, resulting in a clinical pregnancy. Under close monitoring during pregnancy and multiple hormones dosage modulation, she delivered a healthy boy by elective cesarean section and the newborn developed normally under 1-year follow-up.
Conclusions
This is the first report of a successful pregnancy achieved in a woman with PSIS following in vitro fertilization and frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Under continuous hormonal supplementation and pregnancy monitoring, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer might serve as a safe and effective treatment for infertility among PSIS women.
Varve formation in meromictic Crawford Lake, Ontario, Canada: important process for characterizing the Anthropocene epoch
Authors: Llew-Williams Brendan M. , McCarthy Francine M.G. , Krueger Andrea M. , Riddick Nicholas L. , MacKinnon Michael , Lafond Krysten M. , Patterson R. Timothy , Nasser Nawaf A. , Head Martin J. , Pisaric Michael , Turner Kevin , Boyce Joseph I. , Brand Uwe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Varved sediments in meromictic Crawford Lake consist of dark-light couplets of organic matter (primarily phytoplankton and amorphous organic matter) capped by calcite crystals. The crystals precipitate in the alkaline epilimnion between spring and fall turnover, consistent with Langelier Saturation Index calculations that predict calcite precipitation when pH and temperature exceed 7.76 and ~ 15°C respectively. Climate, primary production, and acid precipitation control lamina thickness: acid precipitation primarily affects the precipitation and accumulation of calcite crystals, whereas both endogenic calcite and authigenic organic matter are affected by climate and primary production. Thin varves, often with barely perceptible light-coloured calcite lamina were deposited between the late 1940s and mid-1970s, when air and water quality were impacted by rapid industrialization. Conditions required for precipitation of calcite laminae were absent during the 16th to mid-19th centuries, an interval corresponding to the Little Ice Age when no human impact occurred in the catchment. Varves dating from 1867 CE onwards (the Canadian Zone) facilitate the candidacy of the deep basin sediments of Crawford Lake to define the Anthropocene epoch.
A new surgical technique for hemostasis in non-missile trauma as a result of sewing needle: a pediatric case report
Authors: Şahin Mehmet Hakan , Zeynal Mete 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Traumas are the most important cause of mortality in the pediatric population. Bleeding is an important complication especially in traumatic brain injuries with the addition of coagulation problems. Low-velocity penetrating brain injuries have causes such as sewing needles, nails, and knives. There are few studies in the literature for this injury type. We present a surgical technique and treatment we applied to increase hemostasis in a 2-year-old pediatric patient after a sewing needle injury.
Evaluation of efficacy of bioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces sp. in comparison with commercial antibiotics against urinary tract infection bacterial pathogens
Authors: Soliman Mahmoud , Araby Eman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is reaching a critical level because only few options are available to treat certain pathogenic bacteria mainly those causing hospital-acquired and community acquired infections, which require new active components of wide spectrum. Streptomyces species have played a critical role as a source of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities, including antibiotics. The present investigation aimed to study the antibacterial potential of the two Streptomyces sp. (Streptomyces umbrosus M1 and Streptomyces catenulae M6) towards infectious diseases causing bacterial pathogens in comparison with commercial antibiotics. Thirty five isolates from urinary tract infections (UTIs) samples were isolated, out of them, 13 isolates (37.1 %) showed 100% of antibiotic resistance. The inhibitory effects of extracts from two Streptomyces strains (M1 and M6) showed highly antibacterial activity with different range. Isolates with code number (12 and 29) showed high susceptibility towards two extracts especially M6.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of the extract M6 against Gram positive bacteria displayed MICs ranged from (12.5- 37.5 µg/ml), isolate no 12 had the lowest MIC (12.5 µg/ml). Whereas Gram negative bacteria had the highest MICs values. They documented the MICs in range (25-100 µg/ml), isolate no 29 had the lowest MIC (25 µg/ml). The highly sensitive isolates to the tested extract which had the lowest MIC were identified as Ochrobactrum grignonense and Enterococcus faecalis using 16srRNA. In addition, the scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the inhibitory effect of extract M6 by revealing significant morphological alterations and rupture of the cell membranes of the tested strains. In conclusion: the present work evidenced that the Streptomyces sp. were promising candidate for the treatment of the UTIs pathogens.
CSRP2 Influences cell Stemness and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Zhang Meng-Jie , Liu Jie , Wan Shu-Cheng , Li Jia-Xing , Wang Shuo , Fidele Nyimi Bushabu , Huang Cong-Fa , Sun Zhi-Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurpose Cysteine-rich protein 2 (CSRP2), as a newly discovered oncogene, is overexpressed in several cancers. However, the specific role of CSRP2 and its potential mechanism remain incompletely understood in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods The expression of CSRP2 was explored in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and the results were confirmed by immunohistochemistry tissue microarrays and Western blotting in HNSCC. The effect of CSRP2 on the cancer stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HNSCC cells was investigated by sphere formation, wound healing and transwell assays. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to reveal the mechanisms by which CSRP2 modulated cancer stemness and EMT phenotypes in HNSCC. Results CSRP2 expression was markedly higher in HNSCC tissues than in non-tumor tissues, high CSRP2 expression was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Noticeably, overall survival rate of HNSCC patients with high CSRP2 expression level presented worse prognosis. In addition, elevated CSRP2 expression was observed in several HNSCC cell lines and mouse HNSCC cell lines, and CSRP2 knockdown inhibited the sphere formation and apoptosis. Additionally, wound healing and transwell assay results showed that CSRP2 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion ability of the HNSCC cells. Furthermore, we found that CSRP2 was closely associated with CSCs markers (CD44, BMI1 and CD133), EMT-transcription factor (Slug), new oncoprotein LAMTOR5, p-S6Ser235/236and immune checkpoint (VISTA) usingTgfbr1/Ptenconditional knockout mice model and mouse HNSCC cell line-derived xenograft models. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that elevated expression of CSRP2 indicates poor prognosis and plays a key role in maintaining the cancer cell stemness and EMT features during the progression of HNSCC, suggesting that CSRP2 may serve as a new and valuable therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Site-dependent control of polaritons in the Jaynes–Cummings–Hubbard model with trapped ions
Authors: Muralidharan Silpa , kenji Toyoda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate the site-dependent control of polaritons in the Jaynes–Cummings–Hubbard (JCH) model with trapped ions. In a linear ioncrystal under illumination by optical beams nearly resonant to the red-sideband (RSB) transition for the radial vibrational direction, quasi-particles called polaritonic excitations or polaritons, each being a superposition of one internal excitation and one vibrational quantum(phonon), can exist as conserved particles. Polaritons can freely hop between ion sites in a homogeneous configuration, while their motioncan be externally controlled by modifying the parameters for the optical beams site-dependently. We demonstrate the blockade of polariton hop-ping in a system of two ions by the individual control of the frequency of the optical beams illuminating each ion. A JCH system consisting ofpolaritons in a large number of ion sites can be considered an artificialmany-body system of interacting particles, and the technique intro-duced here can be used to exert fine local control over such a system,enabling detailed studies of both its quasi-static and dynamic properties.