bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in women with iron deficiency: a retrospective, monocenter study
Authors: Dörig Selina , Burkhardt Tilo , Hösli Irene , Bencaiova Gabriela Amstad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Our aim is to investigate the association between iron deficiency examined in the first trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes.Materials and methods In a retrospective cohort study, 482 pregnant women were included. Blood samples were examined for hematological status and serum ferritin in the first trimester, and for hemoglobin before and after delivery. Pregnancy outcomes were compared between women with iron deficiency diagnosed in the first trimester (study group; n = 147), and women without iron deficiency (control group; n=335). The adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes were determined. Medical data were extracted from clinical records of pregnant women who attended antenatal care and delivered at the University Hospital Basel between 2017 and 2019. Results Excluding macrosomia, iron deficiency detected early in pregnancy was not associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with iron supplements. Macrosomia was significant increased in women with iron deficiency without concomitant increase of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (6.5% (10/153) vs. 1.7% (6/347); P=0.005). Emergency caesarean section doubled in women with normal iron status (8.2% (12/147) vs. 17.0% (57/335); P=0.011). Conclusion Excluding macrosomia, iron deficiency detected early in pregnancy was not associated with adverse maternal, and neonatal outcomes in iron supplemented women.
Prevalence and characteristics of tarsal coalition in East Asians: what are the differences compared to Caucasians?
Authors: Park Jeong Jin , Seok Hyun Gyu , Woo In Ha , Park Chul Hyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have reported a prevalence of tarsal coalition of 1–2%. Calcaneonavicular coalition is known as main anatomical type. The bilateral occurrence of tarsal coalition is known to be 50–60%. These are the results of studies on Caucasians, there have been few studies targeting large number of East Asians so far. Also, there are not many analyzes of tarsal coalition on both feet especially in East Asia. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of tarsal coalition in the Korean population using both-side computed tomography. We hypothesized that the prevalence and characteristics of tarsal coalition in East Asians might differ from previously reported results from Caucasians.
Methods
The medical records of 839 patients who underwent bilateral computed tomography on foot and ankle in our hospital from January 2012 to April 2021 were reviewed. Fifty received a diagnosis of tarsal coalition. The overall prevalence of tarsal coalition and proportions of tarsal coalition patients by gender and age were assessed. Anatomical types of tarsal coalition were classified according to union locations and bilateral occurrence was evaluated for each anatomical type. In addition, proportions of symptomatic patients associated with tarsal coalition were evaluated by anatomical type.
Results
The overall prevalence of tarsal coalition among the 839 patients was 6.0%. Isolated talocalcaneal coalition was the most common anatomical type (50.0%). Bilateral occurrence was observed in 56.5% of those with tarsal coalition, talocalcaneal coalition had the highest bilateral occurrence (76.0%). Isolated union of the posterior facet was the most common subtype of talocalcaneal coalition (43.2%). Talocalcaneal coalition had a significantly higher proportion of symptomatic patients associated with tarsal coalition than calcaneonavicular coalition (p = 0.019).
Conclusion
The prevalence of tarsal coalition was found to be 6%. Talocalcaneal coalition was the most common, and most talocalcaneal coalitions involved the posterior facet. Talocalcaneal coalition was significantly more associated than CN coalition with bilaterality and coalition related symptoms. The possibility of tarsal coalition in foot and ankle patients in East Asians should always be considered, and bilateral examination is essential for diagnosis.
Trends and outcomes of Alcoholic Intoxication in Trauma Patients
Authors: Yeganeh Zhobin , Cuervo Catherine , Rahimi Murwarid , Kopatsis Anthony P , Kopatsis Anthony 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:We sought to investigate the rate and trends of alcohol intoxication in different ages and sexes during last decade.Methods:Multivariate analysis was used to compare alcohol intoxication in different sexes and age groups and to investigate the trends present during the 2007-2019 period using TQP database.Results:We found 1,000,578 intoxicated trauma patients admitted to level I-III trauma centers during 2007-2019 within TQP database. Overall, 21.7% of intoxicated patients were women. The rate of intoxicated women increased significantly from 20.6% in 2007 to 33% in 2019. Intoxicated women have a significantly higher rate of self-inflicted trauma compared to intoxicated men (10.4% vs. 2.4%, P<0.01). Overall, 29.7% of intoxicated trauma patients had chronic alcohol abuse and the rate increased by age. Chronic alcohol abuse was higher in men (30.1% vs. 28.2%, OR: 1.09, CI:1.08-1.10, P<0.01) and elderly patients (age≥65) (39.8% vs. 28.9%, OR:1.62, CI: 1.60-1.65, P<0.01). Overall mortality for intoxicated trauma patients was 2.8%. Mortality of intoxicated men was higher than women (2.9% vs. 2.2%, OR: 1.32, CI: 1.28-1.37, P<0.01). Elderly intoxicated patients (age≥65) had a significantly higher mortality (4.9% vs. 2.6%, OR: 1.91, CI: 1.84-1.98, P<0.01). Also, elderly men had twice the mortality risk compared to elderly women (5.7% vs. 3%, OR: 1.96, CI: 1.80-2.14).Conclusion:There is a gradual increase in the rate of alcoholic intoxication in women with trauma during 2007-2019. Intoxicated women have a significantly higher rate of self-inflicted trauma compared to intoxicated men. Elderly patients with alcoholic intoxication, especially men, have a higher mortality. Further studies are needed to investigate preventive strategies for the increasing rate of alcoholic intoxication in women.
Anticancer Activity of Antigen B from hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus on melanoma cancer cell line
Authors: Barati Nastaran , Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Asl Sara Soleimani , Khazaei Salman , Motavallihaghi Seyedmousa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Worm parasites, including Echinococcus granulosus, contain compounds that exhibit antitumor activity. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of antigen B extracted from hydatid cyst fluid on melanoma B16F10 cell. Methods: Effects of different concentrations of antigen B on B16F10 and HEK293 cells proliferation were investigated using the MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis to measure cellular DNA content in the G0/G1, S and G2/M was done using Flow cytometry. Annexin-V/PI staining method was used to determine cells apoptotic rate. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic gene BAX and anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 was assessed by RT-PCR after exposure to antigen B.Results: The effect of antigen B on HEK293 and B16F10 cells showed that HEK293 cells as a normal cell line is less sensitive than cancer cell line B16F10 to antigen B, and IC50 values in HEK293 and B16F10 cells were 35 ± 4.3 and 15 ± 3.1 µM, respectively. In both cell lines, the antigen B induced anti-proliferative effect on the cells with increasing cell population at G0/G1, and decreasing the numbers of cells at the S and G2/M phases. Our results also showed antigen B can induce cell apoptosis in both HEK293 and B16F10 cell lines and increased the mRNA expression of BAX and decreased the mRNA expression of BCL2 thereby induction of cell apoptosis.Conclusion: this study confirmed that antigen B inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of HEK293 and B16F10 cells and can raise hopes in the treatment of melanoma cancer.
Fundamental competition of smooth and non-smooth bifurcations and their ghosts in vibro-impact pairs
Authors: Serdukova Larissa Ivanovna , Kuske Rachel , Yurchenko Daniil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A combined analysis of smooth and non-smooth bifurcations captures the interplay of different qualitative transitions in a canonical model of an impact pair, a forced capsule in which a ball moves freely between impacts on either end of the capsule. The analysis, generic for the impact pair context, is also relevant for applications. It is applied to a model of an inclined vibro-impact energy harvester device, where the energy is generated via impacts of the ball with a dielectric polymer on the capsule ends. While sequences of bifurcations have been studied extensively in single degree of freedom impacting models, there are limited results for two degree of freedom impacting systems such as the impact pair. Using an analytical characterization of impacting solutions and their stability based on the maps between impacts, we obtain sequences of period doubling and fold bifurcations together with grazing bifurcations, a particular focus here. Grazing occurs when a sequence of impacts on either end of the capsule are augmented by a zero velocity impact, a transition that is fundamentally different from the smooth bifurcations that are instead characterized by eigenvalues of the local behavior. The combined analyses allow identification of bifurcations also on unstable or unphysical solutions branches, which we term ghost bifurcations. While these ghost bifurcations are not observed numerically or experimentally, nevertheless they can influence the birth or death of complex behaviors and additional grazing transitions, as confirmed by comparisons with numerical results. The competition between the different bifurcations and their ghosts influences the parameter ranges for favorable energy output; thus the analyses of bifurcation sequences yields important design information.PACS: 05.45.-a , 34.50.Ez
Four-year visual outcomes and optical quality of SMILE and implantable collamer lens V4c (EVO-ICL) implantation for high myopia: a retrospective study
Authors: Luo Wuqiang , Aruma Aruma , Li Meiyan , Wang Jing , Xie Jing , Xiao Xin , Shen Yang , Niu Lingling , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: To compare the 4-year visual outcomes of implantable collamer lens V4c (EVO-ICL) implantation and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia and astigmatism.Methods: This retrospective case study included 64 eyes of 40 patients. These patients with preoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (SE) between -6.00 and -10.00 diopters (D) were screened from the database of SMILE and EVO-ICL implantation procedures in 2015. The ICL group [32 eyes of 19 patients (mean age, 29.6±6.3 years); mean SE, -8.71±1.06 D] and SMILE group [32 eyes of 21 patients (mean age, 27.7±5.6 years); mean SE, -8.35±0.65D] were compared. All patients were then prospectively examined at a four-year follow-up for routine postoperative examinations, higher-order ocular aberrations, retinal image quality and a questionnaire.Results: The safety indexes were 1.15±0.14 and 1.22±0.21 (P=0.36) for the SMILE and ICL groups, respectively. No eyes lost two or more lines of CDVA in either group. The efficacy indexes were 0.97±0.16 and 0.96±0.19 (P=0.87), respectively. Twenty-three eyes (72%) in ICL and 26 eyes (81%) in SMILE groups were within ±0.5 D of the attempted SE (P<0.01). ICL-treated eyes had significantly less spherical aberration and coma (P<0.01 and <0.05, respectively) postoperatively. Halos were the prevalent visual disturbance in both groups.Conclusion: SMILE and EVO-ICL implantation provided safe and effective correction of high myopia. SMILE showed slightly better long-term predictability. Mild postoperative visual disturbances were observed after ICL and SMILE at 4-year follow-up.
Digital twinning of all forest and non-forest trees at national level via deep learning
Authors: Li Sizhuo , Brandt Martin , Fensholt Rasmus , Kariryaa Ankit , Igel Christian , Gieseke Fabian , Nord-Larsen Thomas , Oehmke Stefan , Holm-Carlsen Ask , Junttila Samuli , Tong Xiaoye , d’Aspremont Alexandre , Ciais Philippe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Intelligent forest management is the key to mitigating climate warming, fostering a green economy, and protecting valuable habitats. Detailed knowledge about forests is a prerequisite for such management but is conventionally based on costly plot-scale data, rarely available at resolution of relevance for management strategies. Here, we present a deep learning-based framework that provides location, crown area and height for each individual tree from aerial images at country scale. We quantify
and characterize all individual trees in Denmark and show that 26% of the trees grow outside forests, which is typically unrecognized in national inventories. Furthermore, we demonstrate that only marginal effort is needed to transfer our framework to Finland, despite markedly dissimilar landscapes and data sources. Our work lays the foundation for a global database, where every tree has its digital twin and is spatially traceable and manageable.
A Subpolar-focused Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Deployment Scenario
Authors: Smith Wake , Bhattarai Umang , Rice Christian , MacMartin Douglas , Visioni Daniele , Lee Walker Raymond , Kravitz Ben 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is a prospective climate intervention technology that would seek to abate climate change by deflecting back into space a small fraction of the incoming solar radiation. While most consideration given to SAI assumes a global intervention, this paper considers an alternative scenario whereby SAI might be deployed only in the subpolar regions. Subpolar deployment would quickly envelope the poles as well and could arrest or reverse ice and permafrost melt at high latitudes. This would yield global benefit by retarding sea level rise. Given that effective SAI deployment could be achieved at much lower altitudes in these regions than would be required in the tropics, it is commonly assumed that subpolar deployment would present fewer aeronautical challenges. An SAI deployment intended to reduce average surface temperatures in both the Arctic and Antarctic regions by 2°C is deemed here to be feasible at relatively low cost with conventional technologies. However, we do not find that such a deployment could be undertaken with a small fleet of pre-existing aircraft, nor that relegating such a program to these sparsely populated regions would obviate the myriad governance challenges that would confront any such deployment. Nevertheless, given its feasibility and potential global benefit, the prospect of subpolar-focused SAI warrants greater attention.
Machine Learning Model for Early Prediction of Sepsis Outcomes Based on Immune Response
Authors: Deng Huiyin , Li Jiuyi , Shah Abid , Huang Lingkun , Ge Lite , Ouyang Wen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Host immune dysregulation participates in the prognosis of sepsis with high morbidity and mortality. The contribution of sepsis to alive or dead, and the early immunologic signature to which they are preventable, is unknown. Therefore, knowing the immunogenomic landscape in blood samples is of paramount importance. This study develops a machine learning model to learn signature IRGs associated with the dysregulation of the host immune in sepsis and to predict sepsis survival up to 24 h at diagnosis that may be useful for planning individualized therapies in the future.Methods: A total of 142 sepsis patients with corresponding clinical information were retrieved and analyzed from January 1, 2022, to March 31, 2022, as a secondary analysis of public data. The variables used for analysis included demographic characteristics, clinical conditions, and the differentially expressed immune-related genes (IRGs). The machine learning methods used included logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO), random forest (RF). Prediction accuracy was randomly assigned to training, test, and validation sets. The performance of these models was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We also utilized a calibration curve to explain the prediction model. Results: Our study cohort included 142 sepsis patients (mean [SD] age, 61.8 [15.8] years; 86 [60.6%] men; 104 [73.2%] survivor) downloaded from GEO database.The prognostic model based on IRGs and SOFA scores at diagnosis performed well in sepsis survival estimations (area under the curve, 0.842; 95% CI, 0.704-0.875). This model included a total of six survival-associated IRGs. Patients assigned to the high-risk group had worse survival than patients from the low-risk group (27 deaths [38%] vs 11 deaths [15.0%]; P < 0 .001). The cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), chemokine signaling, and antigen processing and presentation pathways were the associated pathways for survival (P < .001).Conclusions: This cohort study developed a prognostic modeling tool for sepsis survival based on IRG expression profiles, and has the capacity for early prediction of sepsis outcomes via monitoring the immunogenomic landscape, and also possibly the individualized therapies for sepsis survival.
Readiness of primary healthcare facilities for non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Ashraful , Karim Md Nazmul , Billah Baki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The rapid rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has become a significant public health concern in Bangladesh. This study assesses the readiness of primary healthcare facilities to manage the following four major NCDs: diabetes mellites (DM), cervical cancer, chronic respiratory diseases (CRIs), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May 2021 and October 2021 among 126 public and private primary healthcare facilities (nine Upazila health complexes (UHCs), 36 union-level facilities (ULFs), 53 community clinics (CCs), and 28 private hospitals/clinics). The NCD-specific service readiness was assessed using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) reference manual. The facilities’ readiness was assessed using the following four domains: guidelines and staff, basic equipment, diagnostic facility, and essential medicine. The mean readiness index (RI) score for each domain was calculated. Facilities with RI scores of above 70% were considered ‘ready’ to manage NCDs.
Results
The general services availability ranged between 47% for CCs and 83% for UHCs and the guidelines and staff accessibility were the highest for DM in the UHCs (72%). However, for cervical cancer they were unavailable in the ULFs and CCs. The availability of basic equipment was the highest for cervical cancer (100%) in the UHCs and the lowest for DM (24%) in the ULFs. The essential medicine for CRI was 100% in both UHCs and ULFs compared to 25% in private facilities. The diagnostic capacity for CVD and essential medicine for cervical cancer was unavailable at all levels of public and private healthcare facilities. The overall mean RI for each of the four major NCDs was below the cut-off value of 70%, with the highest (65%) for CRI in UHCs but unavailable for cervical cancer in CCs.
Conclusion
The primary healthcare facilities at all levels are currently not ready to manage major NCDs. The notable deficits were the shortage of trained staff and guidelines, diagnostic facilities, and essential medicine. This study recommends increasing service availability to address the rising burden of NCDs at primary healthcare levels in Bangladesh.
Technical and oncological safety of pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer in the elderly aged over 75 years old versus non-elderly: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fujinaga Atsuro , Kawasaki Takahide , Hirashita Teijiro , Kawamura Masahiro , Masuda Takashi , Endo Yuichi , Ueda Yoshitake , Ohta Masayuki , Shiraishi Norio , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: With the increase in the elderly and advances in surgical techniques of pancreatectomy, the number of surgeries performed for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in this age group has been rising. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the technical and oncological safety of pancreatectomy for the elderly aged ≥75 years with pancreatic cancer by retrospectively comparing their short- and long-term outcomes with those of non-elderly aged <75 years.Methods: Data were collected from 117 patients who underwent pancreatectomy for PDAC in our department. The indication for surgery in terms of patient characteristics was considered according to each patient’s American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale. Data of the elderly (n=32) were compared with those of the non-elderly (n=85) and comprised patient background, surgical factors, postoperative course, histopathological factors, and prognostic factors. Additionally, prognostic nutritional index (PNI) values preoperatively and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively were compared between the two groups.Results: In terms of patient background, ASA-PS and comorbidities were worse in the elderly. However, there were no significant differences in surgical factors, postoperative courses, and histopathological factors between the two groups. There were no differences in lengths of recurrence-free survival and overall survival (non-elderly vs. elderly: median 9 vs. 8 months, p=0.725, and median 25 vs. 19 months, p=0.395, respectively) between the two groups. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in PNI preoperatively to 6 months after the surgery.Conclusion: With careful patient screening, the technical and oncological safety of pancreatectomy for the elderly appears to be comparable to that for the non-elderly.
Formation of bio-hybrid nanocomposite [P. oxalicum/P 2 O 5 +Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ] BHC by Penicillium oxalicum and its application on the growth of canola
Authors: Shalaby Maysa G. , Attia M. , Mahmoud Yehia A.-G. , Shalaby Mai G. , Al-Hossainy Ahmed F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The novel synthesis of biohybrid nanocomposite [P. oxalicum/P2O5 + Ca3(PO4)2]BHC by Penicillium oxalicum in presence of tricalcium phosphate and phosphorus pentoxide for phosphate rocks. Phosphorus elemental solubilization from insoluble rock phosphate by utilizing microorganisms is a promising approach for lowering production costs and increasing environmental sustainability. P. oxalicum was isolated and identified in NRC, Cairo, Egypt, and proved its ability of P highest phosphate solubilization potential by estimating clear zone and solubilization index in Pikovskaya’s agar medium and available P and phosphatase enzyme in broth media. The highest dry shoot is the inoculation treatment P. oxalicum + Extract (52.59 g) in presence of TCP and the highest dry root is the inoculation treatment P. oxalicum (6.72 g) in presence of RP. The highest phosphate content and uptake are extremely in the presence of rock phosphate and tricalcium phosphate. the results showed that significantly increased the total counts of PSM at all sources of mineral phosphate fertilizer and PSF count is increased in presence of RP and TCP more than SSP compared with control. The biohybrid nanocomposite showed an absorbance of 0.26 and 2.23 at the wavelength (λ) 378 nm and 465 nm. Also, significant changes in the absorption index and indirect/direct bandgap of the biohybrid nanocomposite have been detected. To perform frequency calculations for crystal models and isolated molecules and optimize the molecular structure, the materials Studio 7.0 program using TDDFT/DMol3 and CASTEP methodologies were utilized. The DFT-Gaussian09W-vibration values are quite similar to the experimental data either in the structure or in the optical properties.