bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupled Ionic–Electronic Charge Transport in Organic Neuromorphic Devices
Authors: Felder Daniel , Femmer Robert , Bell Daniel , Rall Deniz , Pietzonka Dirk , Henzler Sebastian , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConductive polymer devices with tunable resistance allow low‐energy, linear programming for efficient neuromorphic computing. Depolarizing impurities, however, are difficult to exclude and limit device performance through nonideal writes and self‐discharge. It is shown that these phenomena can be numerically described by combining two‐phase charge transport models with electrochemical self‐discharge. The simulations accurately reproduce the experimental data, including cyclic voltammetry and standard neuromorphic functions, such as linear programming of discrete states and short‐term potentiation. Impurities affect device write accuracy significantly for long programming times above 1000 ms. The effect is reduced to 0.03% for shorter times. Self‐discharge is impacted by device potential as well as impurity concentration. A model‐based trade‐off between operating parameters nearly triples the number of usable conductance states at ambient conditions. Understanding these device limitations as well as workarounds is a vital step toward the implementation of neuromorphic device networks.
HTR1A Inhibits the Progression of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer via TGF‐β Canonical and Noncanonical Pathways
Authors: Liu Qiqi , Sun Hefen , Liu Yang , Li Xuan , Xu Baojin , Li Liangdong , Jin Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and the incidence of depression in breast cancer patients is high, which leading to worse survival and increased risk of recurrence. The effect of antidepressants on breast cancer patients remains contradictory, which might be due to variations in antidepression targets. Therefore, there is significant value to explore the antitumor potential of antidepressants and discover new therapeutic targets for breast patients. The authors screen antidepressant‐related oncogenes or suppressors by using siRNAs. After combining functional experiments with online database analysis, 5‐hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (HTR1A is selected with antitumor potential in breast cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. RNA‐seq analysis and coimmunoprecipitation assays indicate that HTR1A interacts with TRIM21 and PSMD7 to inhibit the degradation of TβRII through the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway, thereby inhibiting the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) canonical and noncanonical pathway. In addition, HTR1A is an independent predictive factor for breast cancer patients. The combined treatment of HTR1A agonists with demethylation drugs may significantly improve patient survival. It is of great significance to clarify the function and mechanism of the depression‐related gene HTR1A in breast cancer, which might provide a new approach for triple‐negative breast cancer patients.
Concave Pt–Zn Nanocubes with High‐Index Faceted Pt Skin as Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalyst
Authors: Liu Mengli , Lu Bang‐An , Yang Gege , Yuan Pengfei , Xia Huicong , Wang Yajin , Guo Kai , Zhao Shuyan , Liu Jia , Yu Yue , Yan Wenfu , Dong Chung‐Li , Zhang Jia‐Nan , Mu Shichun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh dosage of expensive Pt to catalyze the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode severely impedes the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Therefore, it is urgent to cut down the Pt catalyst by efficiently improving the ORR activity while maintaining high durability. Herein, magic concave Pt–Zn nanocubes with high‐index faceted Pt skin (Pt78Zn22) are proposed for high‐efficiency catalysis toward proton exchange membrane fuel cells. These unique structural features endow the Pt‐skin Pt78Zn22/KB with a mass activity of 1.18 mA μgPt–1 and a specific activity of 3.64 mA cm–2 for the ORR at 0.9 V (vs RHE). Meanwhile, the H2–O2 fuel cell assembled by this catalyst delivers an ultrahigh peak power density of ≈1449 mW cm–2. Both experiments and theoretical calculations show that the electronic structure of the surface is adjusted, thereby shortening the length of the Pt–Pt bond and reducing the adsorption energy of OH*/O* on the Pt surface. This work demonstrates the synergistic effect of the oxidation‐resistant metal Zn and the construction of Pt‐rich surface engineering. Also, it guides the future development of catalysts for their practical applications in energy conversion technologies and beyond.
Formic Acid to Power towards Low‐Carbon Economy
Authors: Dutta Indranil , Chatterjee Sudipta , Cheng Hongfei , Parsapur Rajesh Kumar , Liu Zhaolin , Li Zibiao , Ye Enyi , Kawanami Hajime , Low Jonathan Sze Choong , Lai Zhiping , Loh Xian Jun , Huang Kuo‐Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe storage and utilization of low‐carbon electricity and decarbonization of transportation are essential components for the future energy transition into a low‐carbon economy. While hydrogen has been identified as a potential energy carrier, the lack of viable technologies for safe and efficient storage and transportation of H2 greatly limits its applications and deployment at scale. Formic acid (FA) is considered one of the promising H2 energy carriers because of its high volumetric H2 storage capacity of 53 g H2/L, and relatively low toxicity and flammability for convenient and low‐cost storage and transportation. FA can be employed to generate electricity either in direct FA fuel cells (FCs) or indirectly as an H2 source for hydrogen FCs. FA can enable large‐scale chemical H2 storage to eliminate energy‐intensive and expensive processes for H2 liquefaction and compression and thus to achieve higher efficiency and broader utilization. This perspective summarizes recent advances in catalyst development for selective dehydrogenation of FA and high‐pressure H2 production. The advantages and limitations of FA‐to‐power options are highlighted. Existing life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic analysis studies are reviewed to discuss the feasibility and future potential of FA as a fuel.
Generalization of thermodynamic Langmuir isotherm for mixed‐gas adsorption equilibria
Authors: Hamid Usman , Vyawahare Pradeep , Tun Hla , Chen Chau‐Chyun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work presents a comprehensive thermodynamic model for both pure component isotherms and mixed‐gas adsorption equilibria. A generalization of thermodynamic Langmuir isotherm, the proposed model assumes competitive adsorption of multiple adsorbates on adsorbent surface for mixed‐gas adsorption equilibria, and it applies an area‐based adsorption nonrandom two‐liquid activity coefficient model in the activity coefficient calculations for the adsorbate phase. The resulting generalized Langmuir isotherm properly captures both surface loading dependence and adsorbate phase composition dependence for mixed‐gas adsorption equilibria. The model is validated with accurate representations of gas adsorption equilibrium data for varieties of unary, binary, and ternary gas systems. The model results are further compared with those calculated from extended Langmuir isotherm and Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory.
Genuine Tripartite Entanglement as a Probe of Quantum Phase Transitions in a Spin‐1 Heisenberg Chain with Single‐Ion Anisotropy
Authors: Kam Chon‐Fai , Chen Yang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe quantum phase transitions of spin‐1 Heisenberg chains with an easy‐axis anisotropy Δ and a uniaxial single‐ion anisotropy D are studied using a multipartite entanglement approach. The genuine tripartite entanglement between the spin blocks, measured by the tripartite qutrit hyperdeterminant, is calculated within the quantum renormalization group method. Using this approach, the phase boundaries between the topological Haldane, large‐D, and anti‐ferromagnetic Néel phases are determined in the half plane with . When the size of the spin blocks increases, the genuine tripartite entanglement between the blocks exhibits a nonzero plateau in the topological Haldane phase, and experiences abrupt drops at both the phase boundaries between the Haldane–large‐D and Haldane–Néel phases, which suggests the usage of genuine multipartite entanglement as a probe of topological phases in spin systems.
Morphology, defects and polymer concentration related nonlinear absorption and optical limiting properties of electrospun polyamide 6 nanofibers
Authors: Pepe Yasemin , Akkoyun Serife , Karatay Ahmet , Yildiz Elif Akhuseyin , Unver Huseyin , Ates Aytunc , Elmali Ayhan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe effects of morphology, defects and polymer concentration on nonlinear absorption characteristics of electrospun polyamide 6 (PA 6) nanofibers were studied systematically. Scanning electron microscopy measurements showed that a deviation from uniform nanofibers to irregular cob‐web nanofibers morphology occurred with increasing PA 6 concentration and fiber diameter. Open aperture Z‐scan results indicated that the thinner uniform PA 6 nanofibers present higher nonlinear absorption. This observation is mainly attributed to a greatest light scattering for thicker uniform nanofibers, considering the linear optical analysis of the PA 6 nanofibers. As a secondary factor, this could be associated with defect state distribution within the band gap, which facilitates the contribution of two photon absorption (TPA) and free carrier absorption (FCA) to nonlinear absorption. Moreover, the thinner uniform nanofibers exhibit higher optical limiting behavior. Polyamide 6 nanofibers attract more attention for biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility. However, to our knowledge, no study exists on PA 6 nanofibers nonlinear optical properties and their dependency on nanofiber morphology. Therefore, in line with the reported results, this report reveals that PA 6 nanofibers are a promising material for optoelectronic applications as well as biomedical applications.
miR‐23b/TAB3/NF‐κB/p53 axis is involved in hippocampus injury induced by cerebral ischemia–reperfusion in rats: The protective effect of chlorogenic acid
Authors: Roshan‐Milani Shiva , Sattari Parisa , Ghaderi‐Pakdel Firouz , Naderi Roya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractApoptosis is the main pathological aspect of neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. However the detailed molecular mediators are still under debate. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of cerebral I/R on miR‐23a/TGF‐β‐activated kinase 1 binding protein 3 (TAB3)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB)/p53 axis in rat hippocampus alone and in combination with chlorogenic acid (CGA). Common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) was performed by nylon monofilament for 20 min to establish a model of ischemic brain injury. CGA (30 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (ip), 10 min prior to ischemia and 10 min before reperfusion. Examination of hippocampus neurons by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling staining showed that the number of apoptotic neurons was elevated at 24 h after reperfusion. At the molecular levels, I/R injury resulted in an increased protein expression of p53 with a concomitant upregulation of cleaved‐caspase3/phosphorelated‐caspase3 ratio and cytochrome c level. Further miR‐23b gene expression was significantly downregulated after 24 h of reperfusion. Also, we observed increased TAB3 and NF‐κB protein expressions after 24 h following CCAO. Treatment with CGA significantly reduced the apoptotic damage and also reversed miR‐23b gene expression, TAB3 and NF‐κB protein expressions in hippocampus neurons in I/R rats. In conclusion our data suggest that miR‐23b/TAB3/NF‐κB/p53 axis could play a regulatory role in hippocampus cell death, which provide a new target for novel therapeutic interventions during transit ischemic stroke. It also demonstrated that CGA could reverse these molecular alterations indicating an effective component against hippocampus apoptotic insult following acute I/R injury.
Botulinum toxin injection attenuates nonodontogenic toothache: A case report
Authors: Chavan Parimal , Raman SwarnaLakshmi , Waskitho Arief , Dalanon Junhel , Yoshihara Yasutomo , Okura Kazuo , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Matsuka Yoshizo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNonodontogenic myofascial pain on a 39‐year‐old female patient presented with pain in the lower left quadrant of the jaw. Root canal treatment, replacement of inlay, and behavioral modifications were carried out. Injection of botulinum toxin A at left masseter muscle reduced the toothache.
Disrupting Transcription and Folate Biosynthesis Leads to Synergistic Suppression of Escherichia coli Growth
Authors: Chen Pei‐Hsin , Sung Li‐Kang , Hegemann Julian D. , Chu John 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe use of synergistic antibiotic combinations has emerged as a viable approach to contain the rapid spread of antibiotic‐resistant pathogens. Here we report the discovery of a new strongly synergistic pair – microcin J25 and sulfamonomethoxine. The former is a lasso peptide that inhibits the function of RNA polymerase and the latter is a sulfonamide antibacterial agent that disrupts the folate pathway. Key to our discovery was a screening strategy that focuses on an antibiotic (microcin J25) that targets a hub (transcription) in the densely interconnected network of cellular pathways. The rationale was that disrupting such a hub likely weakens the entire network, generating weak links that potentiate the growth inhibitory effect of other antibiotics. We found that MccJ25 potentiates five other antibiotics as well. These results showcase the merit of taking a more targeted approach in the search and study of synergistic antibiotic pairs.
Lung cancer screening use and implications of varying eligibility criteria by race and ethnicity: 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data
Authors: Williams Randi M. , Li Tengfei , Luta George , Wang Min Qi , Adams‐Campbell Lucile , Meza Rafael , Tammemägi Martin C. , Taylor Kathryn L. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIn 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) expanded the eligibility criteria for low‐dose computed tomographic lung cancer screening (LCS) to reduce racial disparities that resulted from the 2013 USPSTF criteria. The annual LCS rate has risen slowly since the 2013 USPSTF screening recommendations. Using the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), this study 1) describes LCS use in 2019, 2) compares the percent eligible for LCS using the 2013 versus 2021 USPSTF criteria, and 3) determines the percent eligible using the more detailed PLCOm2012Race3L risk‐prediction model.MethodsThe analysis included 41,544 individuals with a smoking history from states participating in the BRFSS LCS module who were ≥50 years old.ResultsUsing the 2013 USPSTF criteria, 20.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.0‐22.4) of eligible individuals underwent LCS in 2019. The 2013 USPSTF criteria was compared to the 2021 USPSTF criteria, and the overall proportion eligible increased from 21.0% (95% CI, 20.2‐21.8) to 34.7% (95 CI, 33.8‐35.6). Applying the 2021 criteria, the proportion eligible by race was 35.8% (95% CI, 34.8‐36.7) among Whites, 28.5% (95% CI, 25.2‐31.9) among Blacks, and 18.0% (95% CI, 12.4‐23.7) among Hispanics. Using the 1.0% 6‐year threshold that is comparable to the 2021 USPSTF criteria, the PLCOm2012Race3L model selected more individuals overall and by race.ConclusionsUsing data from 20 states and using multiple imputation, higher LCS rates have been reported compared to prior BRFSS data. The 2021 expanded criteria will result in a greater number of screen‐eligible individuals. However, risk‐based screening that uses additional risk factors may be more inclusive overall and across subgroups.Lay Summary

In 2013, lung cancer screening (lung screening) was recommended for high risk individuals.

The annual rate of lung screening has risen slowly, particularly among Black individuals.

In part, this racial disparity resulted in expanded 2021 criteria.

Survey data was used to: 1) describe the number of people screened in 2019, 2) compare the percent eligible for lung screening using the 2013 versus 2021 guidelines, and 3) determine the percent eligible using more detailed criteria.

Lung screening rates increased in 2019, and the 2021 criteria will result in more individuals eligible for screening.

Using additional criteria may identify more individuals eligible for lung screening.
SiC Monolayers as Promising Substrates for the Development of Highly Stable Palladium Single Atom Catalysts: A Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Lim San Hua , Poh Chee Kok 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts have been touted as highly efficient catalysts, but the catalytic single‐atom sites are unstable and tend to aggregate into nanoparticles during chemical reactions. In this study, we show that SiC monolayers are promising substrates for the development of highly stable single‐atom catalysts (Pd1/SiC) within the density functional theory. In presence of a Si‐vacancy, the diffusion barrier energy of a Pd1 atom embedded in the SiC monolayer is substantially enhanced from 2.3 to 7.8 eV, which is much higher than the reported diffusion barrier energies of graphene, boron nitride and defective MgO of the same catalytic system. Ab initio molecular dynamic calculations at 500 K also confirm the enhanced stability of Pd1/SiC monolayer (Si‐vacancy) such that the Pd1 atom remains embedded in the vacancy. Additionally, the Pd1/SiC monolayer (Si‐vacancy) catalysts show a ∼34 % reduction of activation barrier energy for CO oxidation as compared to pristine catalysts. This work implies that nanostructured SiC materials are promising substrates for the synthesis of highly stable single‐atom catalysts.
New directions in the mental health care of migrants, including refugees—A randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of value‐based counselling
Authors: Orang Tahereh Mina , Missmahl Inge , Thoele Anna‐Maria , Valensise Livia , Brenner Anna , Gardisi Maryam , Peter Helmut , Kluge Ulrike 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveSpecialized literature has identified a need for evidence‐based, low‐threshold, short‐term, and intracultural psychological interventions that can be made available to migrants, including refugees, who suffer from psychological symptoms in host countries. The objective of the present study is to measure the efficacy of value‐based counselling (VBC) as such an intervention.MethodWe conducted a pragmatic, rater‐blinded randomized controlled trial employing a pre‐post control group design to assess the efficacy of VBC based on a study sample of 103 migrants, including refugees, who resided in Germany at the time. A set of instruments was used to evaluate primary outcome measures of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived stress, generalized anxiety, and somatic complaints.ResultsPer protocol analysis included 42 participants in the VBC group, and 43 in the waiting list. Compared with participants in the waiting‐list group, the VBC group, following an average of four counselling sessions, experienced a clinically meaningful reduction of depression (adjusted difference 7.06, 95% CI [4.86, 9.26], effect size 0.68, p < .001), PTSD (adjusted difference 17.15, 95% CI [10.49, 23.81], effect size 0.76, p < .001), perceived stress (adjusted difference 9.25, 95% CI [6.23, 12.27], effect size 0.75, p < .001), anxiety (adjusted difference 5.34, 95% CI [3.47, 7.20], effect size 0.70, p < .001), and somatic complaints (adjusted difference 5.52, 95% CI [3.30, 7.74], effect size 0.72, p < .001). The positive outcomes were maintained at 3‐month follow‐up. Utilization of mental health services was significantly reduced at the 3‐month follow‐up conducted with participants of the VBC group.ConclusionsVBC, a culturally sensitive and strength‐based mental health service, is an effective short‐term intervention which meets the specific mental health needs of migrants, including refugees.
Trainee therapist personality and the rating of cognitive behavioural and dynamic interpersonal therapy processes
Authors: Lewis Andrew J. , Locke Vance , Heritage Brody , Seddon Sarah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTherapist factors are generally thought to be important predictors of the capacity to understand and respond to clinical material. The current study aims to identify which features of personality and clinical symptomatology predict a trainee therapist's rating of cognitive behavioural (CB) and psychodynamic interpersonal (PI) processes in video recordings of these therapies. Eighty psychology trainees completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2‐Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF) and watched two video recordings of therapy sessions showing prototypical examples of CB and PI psychotherapy, rating the processes they could identify using the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale (CPPS). Trainees accurately differentiated CB from PI process while viewing the CB session but rated the CB video higher in PI processes than the PI video itself. Bayesian regression models showed that the most consistent MMPI‐2‐RF scale that predicted variance in ratings was hypomanic activation (RC9) predicting higher ratings of all psychotherapy processes in both conditions, while clinical scale factors such as Aggressiveness‐Revised (AGGR‐r) and personality scale factors of Psychoticism‐Revised (PSYC‐r) and Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism‐Revised (NEGE‐r) showed some notable but less consistent predictions. The variances in psychotherapy process ratings accounted for by MMPI‐2‐RF scales ranged from 15% to 51%. The study suggests that some clinical symptoms and personality factors do influence the rating of psychotherapy processes by psychology trainees, but further studies would be required to substantiate such findings. These findings have relevance to therapist training and selection for clinical training and therapist mental health.
Corporate Social Responsibility due diligence among European companies: The results of an interventionist research project with accountability and political implications
Authors: Camoletto Stefania , Corazza Laura , Pizzi Simone , Santini Erica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor decades, companies found in international protocols and standards an alternative source of normative guidance to operatively implement sustainability policies at an organisational level. The ever‐increasing adoption of these multi‐faceted policies and guidelines co‐occurs with a more proactive and voluntaristic attitude towards CSR implementation by companies. Born as a kind of soft corporate law to reinforce a regulatory answer to sustainability issues, today, CSR due diligence is becoming a central pillar of the transition of the economic system towards a great level of sustainable development. The paper presents the results of an interventionist research carried out by researchers in collaboration with the European Parliament, aimed at developing a normative resolution on the prominent role of CSR due diligence and its accountability. Through the exploration of the different state‐of‐the‐art of European companies on CSR due diligence, findings suggest that there is considerable room for improvement in CSR due diligence that can be reached through a normative intervention. In addition, the paper contributes to the development of the literature on interventionist research carried out by business scholars, focusing on academia‐industry‐institutions relations.