bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of ‘CP 13‐4474’ sugarcane for sand soils
Authors: Islam Md S. , Sandhu Hardev S. , Zhao Duli , Sood Sushma , Momotaz Aliya , Baltazar Miguel , Arbelo Orlando Coto , Davidson R. Wayne , Gordon Vanessa S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract‘CP 13‐4474’ (Reg. no. CV‐209, PI 700305) sugarcane cultivar (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was released to growers in June 2021 for cultivating on sand soils in Florida after a decade‐long advancement through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS, the Florida Sugar Cane League Inc., and the University of Florida. It originated from a poly‐cross at Canal Point (CP). The Florida Sugarcane Variety Committee released CP 13‐4474 due to its high sugar yields, sucrose content on sand soils, and acceptable disease resistance. CP 13‐4774 has demonstrated resistance to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), mosaic (caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E), and ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtushenko et al.) and moderate resistance to smut [caused by Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) M. Piepenbr. et al.], leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), and yellow leaf syndrome (caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus). In late‐stage yield trials, CP 13‐4474 sugar yields were 9.4% greater than that of the check variety ‘CL 88‐4730’, while sucrose yields did not differ significantly from the reference check ‘CP 96‐1252’. CP 13‐4474 displayed superior resistance to both brown and orange rusts and produced more commercial recoverable sucrose than all three tested reference checks over the same harvest trials. With its demonstrated resistance to diseases and elevated sugar production capacity, CP 13‐4474 is expected to positively influence both sugarcane production and crop sustainability in Florida.
High viscosity change of corn starch suspensions prepared from granules quick treated with cold plasma
Authors: López‐Echevarría Gerardo , Mendez‐Montealvo Guadalupe , Nieto‐Pérez Martin , Velazquez Gonzalo , Herrera‐Gomez Alberto , Huerta‐Ruelas Jorge 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work evaluates the effect of cold plasma treatment with exposure times of 5, 10, and 15 min, on the granule properties and the rheological changes of corn starch suspensions. The exposure to plasma led to the deposition of a thin coat with a thickness proportional to treatment time, thereby improving the hydrophobic state of starch granules before and after the paste or gel conformation. Changes in rheological properties are observed after only 5 min of cold plasma treatment. A small effect is detected at a molecular level, as shown by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The proposed treatment is an eco‐friendly method to obtain hydrophobic corn starch with no structural changes. The paste formation test showed a reduction of 48% of original viscosity for native starch.
Smallholder farmers expand production area of the perennial crop enset as a climate coping strategy in a drought‐prone indigenous agrisystem
Authors: Chase Rachel R. , Büchi Lucie , Rodenburg Jonne , Roux Nicolas , Wendawek Abebe , Borrell James S. 
Published: November 2022

Societal Impact StatementClimate resilient crops will become increasingly important, especially in regions where smallholder farmers are vulnerable to climate extremes. Enset, a multipurpose perennial staple crop consumed by over 20 million people in Ethiopia, purportedly provides food security during periods of drought. Here, we find evidence that frequent severe drought events led to an increase in enset production area. This is consistent with a broader pattern whereby farmers preferentially cultivate perennial and storable crops after long‐term drought events, providing an example of adaptation to fluctuations in climate through crop choice in indigenous agrisystems.SummarySmallholder farms in the semiarid and subhumid tropics are particularly vulnerable to increased climate variability. Indigenous agrisystems that have co‐evolved with climate variability may have developed resilience strategies. In the Southwest Ethiopian Highlands, agrisystems are dominated by the multipurpose perennial staple enset (Ensete ventricosum), characterised by flexible harvest timing, high yield, long storage, and putative drought tolerance, earning it the name ‘the tree against hunger’.We tested three hypotheses using crop production area and climate data. First, that enset production area is greatest in the most drought‐prone locations. Second, that farmers respond to drought events by increasing enset production area. And third, that drought encourages shifts in agrisystem composition more widely towards perennial or storable crops.We found that regions with a higher severe drought frequency are associated with significantly higher proportion of enset production. Similarly, the Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index of the previous 3 years is significantly negatively correlated with enset production area time series, suggesting that prior drier conditions led farmers to increase the land under enset production. Regarding other crops, storage crops roots and tubers were also preferentially selected after long‐term drought over annual crops, indicating their capacity for longer‐term resilience.Promoting the production of crops such as perennials, which have more extensive and established root systems, may be a strategy to ensure food security during drought or climate variability. These results indicate the potential of farmer's resilience strategies to improve food security in a changing climate.
Reaction Kinetics Model of Surface‐Denitrated Spherical Gun Propellant
Authors: Li Shiying , Li Yu , Ding Yajun , Xiao Zhongliang , Shi Yudong , Yuan Ye 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGun propellant with progressive burning performance plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of barrel weapon. At present, surface‐denitrated gun propellant prepared by removing energetic functional groups (−ONO2) directionally in the surface layer of gun propellant, is an original progressive burning gun propellant. In this study, the reaction kinetics of denitration process of spherical gun propellant was established by a simple weighing method based on the shrinking unreacted core kinetic model (SUCK model) of solid‐liquid reaction. The SEM was used to obtain the change of the cross‐sectional microstructure of spherical gun propellant before and after the denitration reaction, confirming the core‐shell structure of surface‐denitrated spherical gun propellant. Then, the denitration reaction rate of spherical gun propellant was studied under different denitration reaction temperatures and reaction times. Meanwhile, the Arrhenius formula was used to calculate the activation energy of the denitration reaction. The results showed that the denitration reaction of spherical gun propellant was controlled by the diffusion of denitration solution in the solid product layer and the value of the apparent activation energy (Ea) is 105.7 kJ ⋅ mol−1. This work not only establishes the kinetic model of surface‐denitrated spherical gun propellant but also provides a theoretical and practical basis for the controllable and efficient preparation of surface‐denitrated gun propellant.
Assessing comparable bioconcentration potentials for nanoparticles in aquatic organisms via combined utilization of machine learning and toxicokinetic models
Authors: Dong Shipeng , Wu Zihao , Wang Mingjie , Sun Xiaoyan , Mao Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe toxicokinetic (TK) model‐derived kinetic bioconcentration factor (BCFk) provides a quantitatively comparable index to estimate the bioaccumulation potential of nanoparticles (NPs) that barely reach thermodynamic equilibrium in aquatic organisms, but experimental data are limited for various NPs. In the present study, a machine learning model was applied to offer reliable in silico predictions for the dynamic body burden of diverse NPs to derive corresponding parameters for the TK model. The developed eXtreme Gradient Boosting‐derived TK (XGB‐TK) model was applied to predict BCFk results for a broad range of metallic or carbonaceous NPs, with an appreciable prediction R2 of 0.96. The BCFk values were predicted based on a random combination of selected variable features, revealing that their bioaccumulation potential showed an overall negative correlation with NP density or organism size. By applying importance analysis and partial dependence plots, NP density and organism size were revealed to be the top essential features that impact the bioaccumulation potential. The conjunctively used XGB‐TK model enabled a prior comparison for diverse NPs and straightforward derivation on the dependency of features, which could also guide the bioaccumulation mechanism exploration and experimental condition formulation.
Revision of the pachycormid fish Saurostomus esocinus Agassiz from the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) of Europe, with new insight into the origins of suspension‐feeding in Pachycormidae
Authors: Cooper Samuel L. A. , Maxwell Erin E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Early Jurassic Posidonienschiefer Formation in south‐west Germany (Toarcian) records the first appearance of the stem‐teleost group Pachycormidae in the fossil record. However, most pachycormid taxa remain poorly diagnosed or undescribed, making questions of the morphological underpinnings of trophic diversification in the group difficult to address. Here we re‐describe Saurostomus esocinus, a large (≤1710 mm) pelagic pachycormid, based on material from the type formation. Additional material of Saurostomus is identified in near‐coeval strata in Luxembourg, France and the UK, demonstrating a broad European distribution. We assign a neotype, and provide the first formal diagnosis and cranial reconstruction for this genus. Historical misconceptions regarding taxonomic identity of Saurostomus have caused numerous specimens to be conflated with the better known genus Pachycormus. In south‐west Germany, Saurostomus is stratigraphically distributed across the tenuicostatum and serpentinum Zones, encapsulating six ammonite subzones, with an individual from the paltum subzone representing the oldest stratigraphic occurrence of Pachycormidae. Stout recurved teeth, powerful pectoral fins, a streamlined body, a pre‐caudal scaly keel and remnants of coleoid gut contents indicate fast swimming capabilities and a pelagic teuthophagous ecology for Saurostomus esocinus. Cladistic analysis retains Saurostomus as sister to a clade comprising Ohmdenia and the suspension‐feeding pachycormids. Several character states associated with the evolution of suspension‐feeding are shared with Saurostomus, indicating S. esocinus, rather than Ohmdenia, to be the most basal pachycormid to have transitional suspension‐feeding characteristics. The divergence of the suspension‐feeding and macrophagous pachycormids therefore pre‐dates the paltum subzone of the lower Toarcian.
LncRNA ZFAS1 promotes laryngeal cancer progression through RBFOX2‐mediated MENA alternative splicing
Authors: Lu Baocai , Li Xiao , Miao Wenjie , Liu Qi , Li Ruixue , Cui Can , Gao Qingzu , Lian Rong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLaryngeal cancer (LC) is the most common aggressive malignancy of the head and neck. LncRNA ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) displays oncogenic properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, but its regulatory role in laryngeal cancer progression remains obscure. Here, we found that ZFAS1 expression in laryngeal cancer tissues and cells was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues and normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Highly expressed ZFAS1 was associated with advanced lymph node metastasis stages and clinical stages. ZFAS1 overexpression promoted LC cell proliferation, invasion, and N‐cadherin and Vimentin expression, and suppressed E‐cadherin expression. While ZFAS1 knockdown played an opposite role. Mechanistically, ZFAS1 stabilized RNA binding fox‐1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2) protein expression by binding to RBFOX2, and RBFOX2 overexpression reversed the effect of ZFAS1 silence on cell functions. Moreover, highly expressed RBFOX2 led to skipping of MENA exon 11a and generating a pro‐invasive isoform (MENAINV). MENAINV overexpression effectively abolished the inhibitory effect of RBFOX2 knockdown on cell malignant progression. Furthermore, Hep2 cells infected with lentivirus‐mediated ZFAS1 shRNA or negative control shRNA were subcutaneously injected into mice to assess the role of ZFAS1 in tumor growth. And the data showed that silencing ZFAS1 in vivo hindered xenograft tumor growth. In conclusion, silencing ZFAS1 alleviated malignant progression of laryngeal cancer cells and mouse xenograft tumor growth by regulating RBFOX2‐mediated alternative splicing of MENA.
Customized blends of polypropylene for extrusion based additive manufacturing
Authors: Das Arit , Shanmugham Nishanth , Bortner Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFilament‐based material extrusion (MatEx) additive manufacturing has garnered great interest due to its simplicity, customizability, and cost‐effectiveness. However, MatEx of semicrystalline polymers is still largely relegated to prototyping applications. Major issues involving volumetric shrinkage and warpage of the printed parts must be addressed in order to employ them for printing functional parts. Moreover, the crystallization behavior and rheology of the polymer are dependent on the MatEx processing conditions. In the current work, the printability of blends of isotactic polypropylene with a soft, low crystallinity propylene based homopolymer is evaluated. Addition of the homopolymer resulted in an increase in the crystallization window of the blends by ~6°C that had a profound impact on the interlayer adhesion and residual stress state. The shear‐dependent melt flow behavior inside the printing nozzle as well as the interlayer chain diffusion and interlayer welding on the print bed were investigated. Rheological characterizations also indicate sufficient dispersion and miscibility of the homopolymer in the neat polypropylene matrix. The incorporation of the homopolymer as an additive significantly improved the dimensional accuracy of the printed parts through better dissipation of the entrapped residual stresses during MatEx. Moreover, the degree of mechanical anisotropy of the parts was significantly lower than that obtained using many 3D printable grade polymers. The findings from this study can be leveraged in toolpath planning, process parameter optimization, and new feedstock development, highlighting current limitations as well as providing valuable insights into necessary processing modifications in order to enable MatEx of next generation semicrystalline polymers.
2‐D Analytical solutions for the multisegmented panel subjected to arbitrary boundary condition
Authors: Kumar Viwek , Kumari Poonam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA closed‐form bending solution of the multisegmented panels is presented for different support conditions. The panels can have multiple no. of segments along the x‐axis with varying material properties. The governing equations are formulated using the extended Kantorovich method (EKM) in the mixed‐form, and a set of ordinary differential equations have been obtained. The continuity of displacement and stresses are satisfied at the interface of each segment. The panels can have simply‐support, clamp, and free types of support conditions. The panel interface at each segment along the x‐axis is assumed to be perfectly bonded. In this work, the stress and deformation variations for four types of panel configuration have been studied. Two segmented panels having aluminum and Graphite–Epoxy with equal and unequal segments are considered. A four‐segmented Al/SiC panel having gradual material variation is also analyzed. The effect of ply‐angles on the longitudinal variables is also studied for the equal segmented Al/GrEp panel. The deflection and stresses are compared with the finite element solution and found in good agreement with the EKM results. The current development will lead to developing the solution for stepped panels, dissimilar plates, and more complex cases used in aerospace applications.
The Axiological Drivers to Solidarity Mobilisation in the ‘Refugee Crisis’: Between Universal Value Orientations and Moral Commitments
Authors: Fernández G. G. Eva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates the role of axiological drivers in solidarity activism with refugees. It examines how universal value orientations denote normative and relational orientations of care and posits that refugee solidarity activism is driven by the activists’ universal caring orientations to all vulnerable groups. Overall, the chapter illustrates how universal value orientations and moral commitments shape and orient political activism with refugees based on common ideational solidarity projects. These conclusions are based on the analysis of data from a cross-national EU survey conducted in 8-EU countries between 2016 and 2017. Findings substantiate that axiological drivers, namely, universal value orientations and moral commitments, increase the predicted probability for engagement in refugee solidarity activism. Lastly, this chapter supports that in addition to attitudinal affinity and organisational embeddedness, refugee solidarity activism is a product of axiological drivers.
Application of Metabolomics in Childhood Leukemia Diagnostics
Authors: Kozioł Agata , Pupek Małgorzata 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetabolomics is a new field of science dealing with the study and analysis of metabolites formed in living cells. The biological fluids used in this test method are: blood, blood plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and urine. The most popular methods of assessing the composition of metabolites include nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with gas chromatography–MS or liquid chromatography–MS. Metabolomics is used in many areas of medicine. The variability of biochemical processes in neoplastic cells in relation to healthy cells is the starting point for this type of research. The aim of the research currently being carried out is primarily to find biomarkers for quick diagnosis of the disease, assessment of its advancement and treatment effectiveness. The development of metabolomics may also contribute to the individualization of treatment of patients, adjusting drugs depending on the metabolic profile, and thus may improve the effectiveness of therapy, reduce side effects and help to improve the quality of life of patients. Here, we review the current and potential applications of metabolomics, focusing on its use as a biomarker method for childhood leukemia.
Graphic abstract
The first-generation anatomical medial meniscus prosthesis led to unsatisfactory results: a first-in-human study
Authors: van Tienen T. G. , van Minnen B. , Defoort K. C. , Emans P. J. , van de Groes S. A. W. , Verdonschot N. , Jutten L. M. , Pikaart R. W. E. , Heesterbeek P. J. C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this first-in-human study was to evaluate the effect of a polycarbonate anatomical meniscus prosthesis system, including the surgical procedure, on knee pain and describe potential adverse events in patients with post-meniscectomy pain syndrome.

Methods
Eleven patients with post-meniscectomy pain syndrome and limited underlying cartilage damage were enrolled in the study. Five received a medial polycarbonate urethane meniscus prosthesis which was clicked onto 2 titanium screws fixated at the native horn attachments on the tibia. The KOOS score was planned to be collected at baseline and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months following the intervention including radiographs at 6, 12 and 24 months. MRI scans were repeated after 12 and 24 months.

Results
The surgical technique to select an appropriately sized implant and correct positioning of the fixation screws and meniscus prosthesis onto the tibia was demonstrated to be feasible and reproducible. Inclusion stopped after 5 patients because of serious adverse device-related events. All patients reported knee joint stiffness and slight effusion in their knee at 6 months follow-up. In 3 patients the implant was removed because of implant failure and in 1 patient the implant was removed because of persistent pain and extension limitation. In none of the patients did the KOOS score improve in the first 6 months after surgery. However, in the patient who still has the implant in situ, PROMs started to improve 1 year after surgery and this improvement continued through 2 years of follow-up. The KOOS Pain, symptoms and ADL were close to the maximal 100 points. KOOS QoL and sport did improve but remained suboptimal.

Conclusion
This first version of the meniscus prosthesis led to impaired knee function and failed in four out of five patients. The patients where the prosthesis was removed were salvable and the PROMs returned to pre-study levels. The results in the patient where the device is still in place are promising.

Level of evidence
Level II.