bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AZƏRBAYCAN DİLİ VƏ TÜRKİYƏ TÜRKCƏSİ DİALEKTLƏRİNDƏ YAD DİLİN İZLƏRİ
Authors: TEYMURLU Zabitə 
Published: December 2022

Məqalədə Azərbaycan və türk dilləri dialektlərində işlənmiş ortaq alınma sözlərin bir sıra mühüm xüsusiyyətləri üzə çıxarılmış, alınmaların etimoloji aspektdə təhlili tədqiqata cəlb olunmuşdur. Qeyd olunan dialektlərdə işlənmiş bir sıra alınma sözlərin mənşəyi ilə bağlı məsələlər araşdırılmış və həmin alınma sözlərin spesifik xüsusiyyətləri təhlil edilmişdir. Burada bir-birinə yaxın iki qohum dilin- Azərbaycan və türk dillərinin dialekt və ədəbi dil leksikasında ortaq alınma dialektizmlərin aşkar olunması istiqamətində tədqiqat aparılmışdır. Tədqiqata cəlb olunan türk dillərində ərəb və fars mənşəli leksik vahidlərin izləri müşahidə edilmişdir. Alınmalar dilə ya birbaşa, ya da dolayı yolla öz təsirini göstərmişdir. Maraqlısı budur ki, yad dilin izlərinə Azərbaycan və türk ədəbi dillərində təsadüf etdiyimiz kimi həmin dillərin dialektlərində də aşkar edilmişdir. Bəzi alınmaların sadəcə dialektlərdə, bəzilərinin isə həm ədəbi dildə, həm də dialektlərdə istifadəsinə təsadüf edilmişdir. Ədəbi dil-dialekt və dialekt-dialekt müstəvisində təsadüf edilən alınmaların mənşəyi haqqında sanballı lüğətlərdən məlumatlar toplanaraq dəqiqləşdirilmişdir.Araşdırma zamanı hər iki dilin dialektlərini əks etdirən lüğətlərdən istifadə edilmişdir.
Azərbaycan və türk ədəbi dillərində alınma sözlər kifayət qədər tədqiq edilmişdir, lakin dialekt səviyyəsində müqayisəli şəkildə alınma sözlər tədqiqata demək olar ki, cəlb olunmamışdır. Bu baxımdan Azərbaycan və türk dillərinin dialekt və ədəbi dil leksikasında alınma sözlərin öyrənilməsi aspektində aparılan tədqiqat işi aktuallıq kəsb edir.
”Oi tällaisen kirjoitusvirheen voi vain lapsosen äiti tehdä”
Authors: Vaakanainen Noora 
Published: December 2022

Artikkelissani tutkin, kuinka poissaoloa esitetään kahdessa 2010-luvulla ilmestyneessä suomenkielisessä kirjeromaanissa. Kummatkin teokset käsittelevät kuolemaa: Meiju Niskalan romaanissa Sata kirjettä kuolleelle äidille kertoja käy läpi suruprosessiaan puhuttelemalla kirjeissään äskettäin menehtynyttä äitiään, ja Maija Muinosen Mustissa papereissa omaa kuolemaansa odottava äiti kirjoittaa manipuloivia kirjeitä pojalleen. Sovellan analyysissani multimodaalista stilistiikkaa ja tutkin kielellisten ja graafisten keinojen vuorovaikutusta teksteissä. Keskityn erityisesti toisen persoonan puhutteluun ja negaatioon sekä erinäisiin typografisiin ja taitollisiin piirteisiin, kuten sensuuriin, yliviivaukseen ja tyhjään tilaan. Tutkimukseni osoittaa, että tekstien graafiset piirteet ohjaavat olennaisesti lukijan tulkintaa toisen persoonan viittauskohteesta sekä negaation saamista kerronnallisista tehtävistä teoksissa. Lisäksi graafisten keinojen käyttö kytkeytyy läheisesti poissaolon ja kommunikaation teemoihin Muinosen ja Niskalan romaaneissa.

Linguistic and Graphic Signs of Absence in Two Epistolary Novels
In this article, I study how absence is represented in two contemporary epistolary novels written in Finnish. Both of the works studied in this article deal with death: Meiju Niskala’s Sata kirjettä kuolleelle äidille documents a daughter’s grieving process as she addresses letters to her dead mother, whereas the narrator of Maija Muinonen’s Mustat paperit writes highly manipulative letters to her young son while waiting for her own upcoming death. In my analysis of the novels, I apply multimodal stylistics and pay close attention to the interaction between linguistic and graphic features. I focus on the use of second person and negation in particular and on various typographic devices from censorship to crossing out words, and on empty space in layout. My argument is that the graphic features modify the referent of second person, and that these stylistic devices also affect the reader’s interpretation of negation and its narrative functions. What is more, the graphic devices are also used to highlight the thematics of absence and communication in Muinonen’s and Niskala’s works.
Kierkegaard’s Existential Sacrifice
Authors: Vaškovic Petr 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the notions of sacrifice and existential entrapment in the early writings of Søren Kierkegaard. I look at two female characters that appear in Kierkegaard’s Either/Or – Marie Beaumarchais and Donna Elvira – and I argue that an encounter with a deceptive individual (a seducer) forced these two women to sacrifice their capacity for existential-spiritual growth. Donna Elvira and Marie Beaumarchais remain trapped – as Kierkegaard frames it – within the aesthetic existential sphere. The goal of my paper is twofold: first, I describe in detail the nature of their sacrifice and the reasons for their existential entrapment, and, secondly, I determine whether Kierkegaard believes this to be an existential affliction that affects exclusively women, i.e., whether it is gendered or not.
Almost for Nothing: Questioning Sacrifice in Dialogue with Jan Patočka
Authors: Koci Martin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on the idea of the so-called sacrifice for nothing in Jan Patočka. Firstly, I clarify the concept and explain its place in the context of Patočka’s thought and its surrounding historical conditions. Secondly, I critically apply Patočka’s concept to some particular examples, such as a free-willing sacrifice of a mother for her child and a forced-violent sacrifice of political oppression. Thirdly and finally, I argue that despite the language of nothingness, it is possible to draw a positive program from these reflections, and thus to turn the negativity of sacrifice into a being transforming experience.
IMPROVEMENT OF OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIE STEELS BY GLOW DISCHARGE USING A CATHODE MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Rabyko Marina , Shemenkov Vladimir 
Published: December 2022

The study objective is to develop a technique for hardening die steels with a glow discharge in a cathode magnetic field. The task to which the paper is devoted is to find out how the treatment by glow discharge in a cathode magnetic field affects microhardness and wear resistance.
Research methods are pilot industrial tests.
The novelty of the work: the mathematical dependence of the change in microhardness and wear resistance of the main die steels on the technological parameters of the treatment by glow discharge in a cathode magnetic field is obtained. Research results: recommendations for the industrial application of technology. Conclusions: the results of industrial tests confirm that there is an effect of increasing the production life of die tooling modified by the complex effect of a glow discharge in a constant magnetic field in average by 1.5 - 4 times. The total economic effect of using the technology reaches $ 2,300.
Influence of Socio-economic and Demographics factors on Households’ Savings in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ruwan Jayathilaka  , Thisum Palihawadana  , Inuri Amalka  , Sandupama Jayasinghe  , Pulith Jayarathne  
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing saving behavior among households in a developing country. Sri Lanka being a developing country, has recorded a relatively lower households’ saving rate when compared with its peer regional counterparts. The study approximates the socio-economic and demographic factors towards the level of saving of households in Sri Lanka using a quantile regression approach based on the Household Income and Expenditure Survey, conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka. Results were obtained by using the stepwise quantile regression technique. The findings of this study conclude that when Sri Lankan households have a higher per-capita income, they tend to have a higher saving level. Moreover, age and marital status have a significant impact on the level of saving in Sri Lankan households. Additionally, poverty and employment status have a significant impact to the level of saving on Sri Lankan households. This research paper bridges empirical gaps in this area of study. Furthermore, this study has been conducted encompassing the entire country rather than limiting it to a district or segment, hence, is comprehensive. As per the generated results gender, income and education levels have shown a significant positive impact towards the level of saving, whilst marital status and poverty have shown a significant negative impact towards the level of saving. It is considered that when the demographic and socio-economic factors are affecting favorably, the level of saving tends to increase and vice versa. Accordingly, findings of the study can provide insights to policymakers to devise policies and incentives to encourage savings behaviour and level of savings among households in Sri Lanka. This is beneficial as coping strategies specially during crises, where dependency of households on government assisted welfare schemes is likely to be less.
Keywords: Household Saving Behaviour, Motives of Savings, Barriers to Saving, Quantile Regression
Customers' Technology Know-How and Error-Correction Capability in using Self-Service Technologies
Authors: B.S. Galdolage  
Published: December 2022

Customers' levels of technology knowledge vary significantly, affecting their performance in Self-Service Technologies (SSTs) and their ability to respond to errors in SSTs caused by service or process failures. Despite the fact that this is a highly practical scenario, scholarly research on the subject is rare. Thus, the purpose of this research is to look into customer technology know-how in SSTs, their corrective actions in the event of SST service/process failures, and differences among customers in terms of service performance, technology know-how, and error corrective capabilities in SSTs. A qualitative approach was used to achieve the research objectives, with semi-structured interviews conducted with 25 SST users from various demographic backgrounds. A non-probabilistic purposeful sampling strategy was used to recruit individuals for the study, with the goal of hiring information-rich cases. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The study identified four types of knowledge that SST users need to effectively complete service transactions: computer knowledge, SST device knowledge, Internet knowledge, and language ability. Furthermore, the study identified numerous mechanisms used by customers to correct errors in SSTs and classified them as 'error preventing' or 'error recovering' mechanisms. Additionally, the study discovered customer performance disparities among SSTs based on their level of technological expertise and error-correcting capabilities. The study divided SST users into three performance categories: 'Full performer,' 'Fair performer,' and 'Poor performer.' The study contributes new knowledge by elucidating the interaction between SST users' technological expertise and error correction capabilities, a phenomenon that is rare in the previous literature, and contributing to the marketing theory by developing a typology to group customers based on customers’ level of technological expertise and error-correcting capabilities. In the practical ground, it informs SST service providers on how to maximize users' level of expertise while improving the service quality.
Keywords: Self-service technologies, Technology know-how, Errors in SSTs, SST acceptance
Efficacy and Concerns of Technical Project in Bangladesh: An Assessment of the Managing at the Top 2 (MATT2) Project
Authors: Mohammad Rezaul Karim  , Byomkesh Talukder  , Afia Rahman  
Published: December 2022

Least-Developed Countries (LDCs) and developing countries receive various supports for their development and technical projects from developed nations and development partners. Bangladesh is no exception. Managing at the Top 2 (MATT2) is a technical development project that was designed in collaboration with the governments of the UK and Bangladesh and carried out in Bangladesh with funding of the UK. The primary aim of the project was to provide practical training for approximately 2000 top-level officials of the Bangladesh Civil Service to enhance their efficiency in developing and implementing innovative projects to deliver public services. In this paper, the purpose, process and results of the project are analyzed using a qualitative approach to understand the benefits and barriers of the project. It was found that MATT2 produced remarkable success, with 305 performance improvement projects (PIPs) were developed and implemented by the participating bureaucrats. Government employees were benefitted from practical knowledge on project preparation, skill development and the citizens were benefited from the outputs. Although the project claims 100% success in terms of implementation, projects were influenced by some bottlenecks that include unsuitability of PIPs, lower reform value, monetary motivation and selection of project area out of the participants’ jurisdiction. The authors suggest considering the intended and unintended consequences of the MATT2 to undertaking similar projects in the future.
Keywords: Bangladesh; Civil servants; Development; Experiential learning; PIPs; Skill development
Functional impact of multiple bleeding events in patients with conservatively treated spinal cavernous malformations
Authors: Rauschenbach Laurèl , Santos Alejandro N. , Gull Hanah H. , Rieß Christoph , Deuschl Cornelius , Schmidt Börge , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Gembruch Oliver , Özkan Neriman , Jabbarli Ramazan , Wrede Karsten H. , Sure Ulrich , Dammann Philipp 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the functional outcome in spinal cavernous malformation (SCM) patients with single or multiple intramedullary hemorrhagic events.

METHODS
SCM patients who were conservatively treated between 2003 and 2021 and had complete clinical baseline characteristics, an MRI data set, at least one SCM-related intramedullary hemorrhage (IMH), and at least one follow-up examination were included in this study. Functional status was assessed using the modified McCormick Scale score at diagnosis, before and after each bleeding event, and at the last follow-up.

RESULTS
A total of 45 patients were analyzed. Univariate analysis identified multiple bleeding events as the only statistically significant predictor for an unfavorable functional outcome at the last follow-up (OR 15.28, 95% CI 3.22–72.47; p < 0.001). Patients significantly deteriorated after the first hemorrhage (29.0%, p = 0.006) and even more so after the second hemorrhage (84.6%, p = 0.002). Multiple bleeding events were significantly associated with functional deterioration at the last follow-up (76.9%, p = 0.003). The time between the last IMH and the last follow-up did not influence this outcome.

CONCLUSIONS
IMH due to SCM is linked to functional worsening. Such outcomes tend to improve after each hemorrhage, but the probability of full recovery declines with each bleeding event.
A decrease in the neuroprotective effects of acute spinal cord decompression according to injury severity: introducing the concept of a ceiling effect
Authors: Prasse Tobias , Khaing Zin Z. , Cates Lindsay N. , Dewees Dane M. , Hyde Jeffrey E. , Bredow Jan , Hofstetter Christoph P. 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is followed by a prolonged period of secondary neuroglial cell death. Neuroprotective interventions, such as surgical spinal cord decompression, aim to mitigate secondary injury. In this study, the authors explore whether the effect size of posttraumatic neuroprotective spinal cord decompression varies with injury severity.

METHODS
Seventy-one adult female Long Evans rats were subjected to a thoracic tSCI using a third-generation spinal contusion device. Moderate and severe tSCI were defined by recorded impact force delivered to the spinal cord. Immediately after injury (< 15 minutes), treatment cohorts underwent either a decompressive durotomy or myelotomy. Functional recovery was documented using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor scale, and tissue sparing was documented using histological analysis.

RESULTS
Moderate and severe injuries were separated at a cutoff point of 231.8 kdyn peak impact force based on locomotor recovery at 8 weeks after injury. Durotomy improved hindlimb locomotor recovery 8 weeks after moderate trauma (p < 0.01), but not after severe trauma (p > 0.05). Myelotomy led to increased tissue sparing (p < 0.0001) and a significantly higher number of spared motor neurons (p < 0.05) in moderate trauma, but no such effect was noted in severely injured rats (p > 0.05). Within the moderate injury group, myelotomy also resulted in significantly more spared tissue when compared with durotomy-only animals (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of surgical spinal cord decompression decrease with increasing injury severity in a rodent tSCI model.
Experimental study on co-culture of DiI-labeled rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes to induce differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells
Authors: Mu Junsheng , Zhang Zichang , Zhou Fan , Zheng Jianwei , Bo Ping , You Bin 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction is a serious clinical disease with high mortality and poor prognosis. Cardiomyocytes (CMs) have limited regeneration abilities after ischemic injury. Their growth and differentiation can be enhanced by contact co-culture with stem cells. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to study the contact co-culture of Dil-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and CMs for inducing differentiation of CMs from stem cells for treating myocardial infarction. METHODS: After contact co-culture, the differentiation of BMSCs into CMs was analyzed qualitatively by detecting myocardial markers (cardiac troponin T and α-smooth muscle actin) using immunofluorescence and quantitatively using flow cytometry. To examine the mechanism, possible gap junctions between BMSCs and CMs were analyzed by detecting gap junction protein connexin 43 (C×43) expression in BMSCs using immunofluorescence. The functionality of gap junctions was analyzed using dye transfer experiments. RESULTS: The results revealed that BMSCs in contact with CMs exhibited myocardial markers and a significant increase in differentiation rate (P < 0.05); they also proved the existence and function of gap junctions between BMSCs and CMs. CONCLUSIONS: It was shown that contact co-culture can induce Dil-labeled BMSCs to differentiate into CM-like cells and examined the principle of gap junction-mediated signaling pathways involved in inducing stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes.
Effect of microwave polymerization on the thermomechanical and surface properties of ocular prosthetic acrylic resins
Authors: Flores-Espinosa Luis Antonio , Torres-Teran José Federico , Sánchez-Vargas Luis Octavio , Ortiz-Magdaleno Marine , Gonzalez-Calderón José Amir , Zabala-Alonso Norma Verónica , Escobar-Barrios Vladimir Alonso , Gutiérrez-Sanchez Mariana , Sánchez-Balderas Gregorio , Pérez-López José Elías 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Polymerization conditions affect the physical-mechanical properties of acrylic resins used for craniofacial prostheses. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microwave polymerization on the thermomechanical properties and surface morphology of ocular prostheses fabricated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). METHODS: PMMA discs were polymerized with microwave energy and with conventional heat polymerization (CHP) method. Ocular prostheses were fabricated to determine whether there were changes according to the polymerization method. The surface morphology and roughness were observed under SEM and AFM. The Vickers Hardness number (VHN) and flexural strength were measured. Thermal properties were evaluated with TGA/DSC, and chemical composition with FTIR. RESULTS: The PMMA acrylic resin polymerized with microwave energy showed a smooth surface with some relief areas. In the internal surface of the ocular prosthesis with microwave energy the PMMA is more compact. The mean roughness values were higher and statistically significant with CHP ( P < 0.05), while the surface hardness and flexural strength were higher with microwave energy ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There were no changes in the calorimetry with either method, TGA showed an exothermic peak around 120 °C with CHP method. PMMA polymerized with microwave energy improved the mechanical and surface properties of the ocular prostheses.
Primitive recursive ordered fields and some applications
Authors: Selivanov Victor , Selivanova Svetlana 
Published: December 2022

We establish primitive recursive (PR) versions of some known facts about computable ordered fields of reals and computable reals, and apply them to prove primitive recursiveness of several important problems in linear algebra and analysis. One of the central results of this paper is a partial PR analogue of Ershov–Madison’s theorem about real closures of computable ordered fields. It allows us, in particular, to obtain PR root-finding algorithms in the PR real and algebraic closures of PR fields with a certain property (PR splitting). We also relate the corresponding fields to the PR reals, as well as introduce and study the notion of a PR metric space. It enables us to derive sufficient conditions for PR computing of normal forms of matrices and solution operators of symmetric hyperbolic systems of PDEs. The methods represent a mix of symbolic and approximate algorithms.
Cemâlî'nin Latifelerini Muhtevi Bir Eser: Denâ'et-nâme-i Cemâlî
Authors: ÇELİK Aysun 
Published: December 2022

İnsanlık, tebessümden kahkahaya, mizahın her türlü yansımasına, kaynağına ve aklına sahiptir. Türkler de bilinen ilk yazılı kaynaklardan bugüne, mizahın çeşitli görünümlerini “küg, külüt, latife, hezl, hiciv, nükte, fıkra” gibi terimlerle karşılamışlardır. Bunlardan latifeyi, mizahın güldürürken düşündüren bir türü olarak sıklıkla tercih etmişlerdir. Tecrübenin, tavsiyenin paylaşıldığı, çoğunlukla bir dersin ve hikmetin çıkarıldığı latifeler, sosyal hayatı/ilişkileri yansıtması bakımından edebiyat tarihimizde özel bir yere sahiptir. Latifeleri ihtiva eden böyle bir eser, 16. asır ediplerinden Defterdâr-zâde Ahmed Cemâlî’ye aittir.
İstanbul’da yaşamış olan Cemâlî, matlalarıyla, şehrengizleriyle, latifeleriyle tanınan bir şairdir. Biyografik kaynaklara göre hezl ve latife vadisinde de şöhretli olmasına rağmen Cemâlî’nin bütün latifelerini içeren bir eser bugün elimizde bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Cemâlî’nin altı latifesini ihtiva eden Denâ’et-nâme-i Cemâlî adlı eser üzerinde durulmuştur.
Denâ’et-nâme-i Cemâlî’nin elimizdeki tek nüshası, Köprülü Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi, Nu. 34 Ha 362/29’da, 80a-82a yaprakları arasındadır. Eser içindeki altı latifenin konusu, hasislikleri ve habislikleri ile ön plana çıkan altı şahıs etrafında şekillenmiştir. Çalışmamızda Denâ’et-nâme-i Cemâlî tanıtılmış ve eserin metni transkripsiyonlu olarak yeni yazıya aktarılmıştır. 16. asrın mahsulü olan bu latifelerin latife türü içerisindeki yerine bakılacak olursa eser, ortak özelliği “cimrilik, habislik” olan kişileri konu etmesi bakımından özgündür. Ayrıca esere “letâ’if-nâme” değil de “Denâ’et-nâme” yani “alçaklık kitabı” gibi özel bir ad verilmesi de kayda değerdir.