bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Markers for internal neoplasia in the horse
Authors: Drozdzewska Karolina , Gehlen Heidrun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of internal neoplasia in horses is challenging. Increased production of hormones physiologic for adult animals (e.g., adrenocorticotropin, norepinephrine, and erythropoietin) or typical for the foetal phase (alpha‐fetoprotein, anti‐Müllerian hormone, and parathyroid‐hormone‐related protein) might aid in tumour diagnostics. Thymidine kinase‐1 and alkaline phosphatase are examples of intracellular enzymes, whose activity in the blood may increase in some neoplasia cases. Furthermore, inappropriate production of abnormal monoclonal or autologous antibodies can accompany lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Many of those tumour markers lead to clinical or laboratory changes, called paraneoplastic syndromes, such as hypercalcaemia and erythrocytosis.The interpretation of the results of the tumour marker measurements in horses is complicated due to many factors affecting the markers’ concentration or activity (e.g., young age, pregnancy, and inflammation) and other diseases triggering the same changes. Moreover, the presence of paraneoplastic syndromes is inconsistent, which leads to low sensitivity of those substances as tumour markers.In conclusion, screening for neoplasia in horses is not recommended. The measurement of tumour markers should be performed only in risk groups with suspicious clinical or laboratory findings, and the results should be interpreted with caution. It is advisable to add inflammatory markers to the tumour profile or repeat the measurements.
Descriptive epidemiology of dermatophytosis in rodents
Authors: Nikaein Donya , Yaghuti Pegah , Sharifzadeh Aghil , Khosravi Alireza , Balal Asad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionDermatophytosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a group of keratinophilic fungi called dermatophytes.ObjectivesSince the epidemiology of diseases revolves over time, this research studies the incidence of dermatophytosis among rodents referred to mycology laboratory during 2019–2021.MethodsA total of 163 rodents including rabbits, guinea pigs, and hamsters suspecting having dermatophytosis were sampled by scraping lesions. Direct microscopic examination, culture, and polymerase chain reaction were done for diagnosis of dermatophytosis and identification of the etiologic agent.ResultsThe results of this study showed that 37.4% of rodents were involved with dermatophytosis, among which 41.13% of rabbits, 25% of guinea pigs, and 26.3% of hamsters were included. Microsporum canis (52.7%) was the most isolated agent. Incidence of dermatophytosis was higher in female in rabbits while in hamsters and guinea pigs male were mostly infected. Rodents less than 6 months were more susceptible for dermatophytosis except for hamsters in which 6–12 months animals had a higher prevalence.ConclusionIn conclusion, it is significant to update our knowledge about the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in rodents and other animals every few years to define valid preventive strategies. Moreover, since dermatophytes are contagious and zoonotic, it is also a priority to apply preventing methods for dermatophytosis and treat infected rodents with appropriate antifungal agents to decrease the risk of infection.
Beyond the classical amyloid hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease: Molecular insights into current concepts of pathogenesis, therapeutic targets, and study models
Authors: Theerasri Atsadang , Janpaijit Sakawrat , Tencomnao Tewin , Prasansuklab Anchalee 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the progressive neurodegenerative disorders and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly worldwide causing difficulties in the daily life of the patient. AD is characterized by the aberrant accumulation of β‐amyloid plaques and tau protein‐containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain giving rise to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic failure, and eventual neuronal cell death. The total cost of care in AD treatment and related health care activities is enormous and pharmaceutical drugs approved by Food and Drug Administration have not manifested sufficient efficacy in protection and therapy. In recent years, there are growing studies that contribute a fundamental understanding to AD pathogenesis, AD‐associated risk factors, and pharmacological intervention. However, greater molecular process‐oriented research in company with suitable experimental models is still of the essence to enhance the prospects for AD therapy and cell lines as a disease model are still the major part of this milestone. In this review, we provide an insight into molecular mechanisms, particularly the recent concept in gut‐brain axis, vascular dysfunction and autophagy, and current models used in the study of AD. Here, we emphasized the importance of therapeutic strategy targeting multiple mechanisms together with utilizing appropriate models for the discovery of novel effective AD therapy.This article is categorized under:
Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Melting heat transport in a mixed convective squeeze flow of a hybrid nanofluid with interfacial nanolayer effects
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Tanya , Vajravelu Kuppalapalle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe interfacial nanolayer effect on a mixed convection flow of single wall CNT (carbon nanotube) and CuO (cupric oxide) water based hybrid nanofluid inside a squeezed channel is studied. To maintain the flow, hybrid nanofluid under consideration is either squeezed or dilated in the parallel plate channel. Melting heat condition on one side of the channel is taken. Generalized thermophysical models which include the interfacial nanolayer effects are proposed for the hybrid nanofluid. Governing equations for the flow are tackled via similarity mappings and bvp4c technique. Statistical analysis revealed a strong significance of the interfacial ratio parameters with Nusselt numbers and skin friction coefficients at both ends of the channel. In case of squeezing flow, it is interestingly noted that the melting parameter uplifted the heat transfer rate, however reverse trend prevailed for dilating flow regime. Mixed convection parameter declined the rate of heat transfer in the squeezing channel, but elevated the coefficient of skin friction.
Geodetic Analyses at the National Geographic Institute of Spain
Authors: Rodríguez José C. , Azcue Esther , Puente Víctor , López-F. José A. , López-P. José A. , Martínez Elena , Sobrino José A. Sánchez , Valdés Marcelino , Vaquero Beatriz , Vicente Pablo de 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The National Geographic Institute of Spain (IGN Spain) develops, operates, and exploits the Spanish national geodetic networks and their associated infrastructure. This includes the permanent networks of reference GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receivers, VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) telescopes, and a new SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging) station under construction at the Yebes Observatory. In order to fully exploit the opportunities offered by the availability of these space geodetic techniques, IGN has been operating Analysis Centres of GNSS and VLBI for a number of years, with the recent addition of an Associated Analysis Centre of the International Laser Ranging Service.
IGN Spain is a EUREF Analysis Centre since 2001, contributing with their weekly and daily coordinate solutions to the realisation of the European Terrestrial Reference System. The activities of the AC include projects such as IBERRED, for geodynamic purposes, and the participation in the European E-GVAP programme for meteorological applications. Over the last years, IGN Spain has expanded its contribution to geodetic VLBI analysis, starting in 2019 the operational analysis of VLBI sessions and the submission of the respective solutions (containing consistently estimated Earth Orientation Parameters, station coordinates and source positions) to the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). Additionally, the reprocessing of the historical VLBI data since 1979 is ongoing, which is the basis for future contributions to the IVS combination series that will be provided for future realisations of the international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF). The latest addition to IGN Spain analysis capabilities is the IGN-Yebes Associated Analysis Centre. Highlights of its activities are the participation in the ITRF2020 reprocessing in collaboration with the Analysis Centre NSGF in the UK, and the computation of SLR centre-of-mass corrections for spherical geodetic satellites.
IGN strives to further exploit the synergies between these groups and work towards the combined analysis of the data. A description of the analysis activities of IGN Spain, along with its future prospects, is presented.
Einführung
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Streiten lernen wir schon als kleine Kinder. Insofern ist es wenig verwunderlich, wenn auch Erwachsene bei ihren Auseinandersetzungen intuitiv Richtung Konfrontation steuern. Auf den Gedanken, Konflikte als Chance zu begreifen und sie konstruktiv und kooperativ zu lösen, muss man erst einmal kommen. In erbrechtlichen Streitigkeiten lohnt sich dieses Nachdenken über alternative Wege der Konfliktlösung ganz besonders, weil die klassische Rechtsdurchsetzung hier außerordentlich mühsam ist. Im Grunde muss man nur die Zeitung aufschlagen, um am Beispiel öffentlich ausgetragener Erbstreitigkeiten zu erkennen, wie viel in solchen Konflikten schiefgehen kann. Zugleich lässt sich mit Blick auf diese Fälle bereits erahnen, wie viel eine konstruktive Konfliktlösung für alle Beteiligten wert sein kann.
Der erbrechtliche Streitfall
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungErbstreitigkeiten sind eine spezielle Materie. Es ist in der Regel zu spät, um die Erblasserin noch zu fragen, wie sie sich ihre Rechtsnachfolge genau vorgestellt hat. Bei Fällen mit internationalen Bezügen spielen unter Umständen die Erbrechte mehrerer Staaten eine Rolle. Häufig geht es aber auch gar nicht vorrangig um Tatsachen- oder Rechtsfragen, sondern um unterschiedliche Überzeugungen und Präferenzen der Nachfahren. Dabei spielen womöglich Personen eine entscheidende Rolle, die in die erbrechtliche Auseinandersetzung nicht unmittelbar mit einbezogen sind. Während ein klassischer Zivilprozess hier regelmäßig nur einen Ausschnitt des Falls würdigen kann, interessiert sich ein Mediationsverfahren für das ganze Bild.
Mediation als Konfliktlösungsverfahren
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungSeit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts hat sich die Mediation in Deutschland als ernstzunehmendes Streitbeilegungsverfahren etabliert. Im Kern handelt es sich um eine Verhandlung unter Leitung eines neutralen Dritten, der das Gespräch nach einem bestimmten Schema strukturiert und deeskalierend moderiert. Dabei unterbreitet eine Mediatorin den Parteien anders als ein Schlichter oder Schiedsrichter keine Vorschläge, wie sie den Streit beilegen können, sondern beschränkt sich darauf, die eigenverantwortliche Konfliktlösung zu unterstützen. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Parteien das Ergebnis des Verfahrens nicht als eine aufgezwungene Entscheidung erleben, sondern als eine selbst erarbeitete und selbst gewählte Lösung begreifen können.
Der Nutzen einer Mediation im Erbstreit
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungEin Mediationsverfahren ist keine altruistische Besinnungsveranstaltung, sondern ein ernstzunehmendes Verfahren mit dem Ziel, den Streitparteien zur bestmöglichen Befriedigung ihrer individuellen und regelmäßig eigennützigen Interessen zu verhelfen. Die Durchsetzung bestehender Rechte im Lichte etwaiger Rechtsunsicherheit kann dabei durchaus eine Rolle spielen. Ein zentraler Unterschied zum Zivilprozess: Mediationsverfahren sind im Kern nicht konfrontativ strukturiert; sie wirbeln daher nicht zusätzlich Staub auf, sondern zielen auf eine zügige und pragmatische Lösung. Viele Erbinnen und Erben wissen das sehr zu schätzen.
Mediationsanaloge Nachfolgeplanung
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungGutes Konfliktmanagement ist frühes Konfliktmanagement. Die klassische Mediation kommt im Idealfall der mit einem Prozess notwendig verbundenen Polarisierung der Streitigkeit zuvor und kann so den guten Willen der Beteiligten aufrecht erhalten. Zeichnet sich Streit zwischen den Erben allerdings schon zu Lebzeiten der Erblasserin ab, spricht viel dafür, bereits zu diesem Zeitpunkt ein Mediationsgespräch zu führen. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die Erblasserin dann mit am Tisch sitzt. In ihrer Anwesenheit werden sich ihre Erben vergleichsweise kooperativ verhalten. Und zuweilen kann die Erblasserin in einem solchen Setting sogar Missverständnisse ausräumen, die sonst nach ihrem Tod einen Konflikt hervorrufen oder verschärfen würden.
Mediationsklauseln
Authors: Fries Martin , Deutlmoser Ralf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungUnabhängig davon, ob die Erblasserin zu Lebzeiten das Gespräch mit ihren Erben und Pflichtteilsberechtigten sucht, lassen sich nach ihrem Tod neu aufkeimende Konflikte nie sicher vermeiden. Um hier für die Nachfahren zumindest einen kooperativen Impuls zu geben, können Erblasser ihren letzten Willen mit einer Mediationsklausel versehen. Eine solche Klausel kann die Erben nicht zur Teilnahme an einer mehrtägigen Mediationssitzung zwingen, aber sie kann die Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine friedliche Konfliktlösung deutlich erhöhen. In einer professionellen Erbrechtskanzlei wie auch im einschlägig spezialisierten Notariat gehört ein ausführlicher Hinweis auf Nutzen und Grenzen einer solchen Klausel daher zum Standardrepertoire der Testaments- und Erbvertragsberatung.
Random Lattice Theory
Authors: Zheng Zhiyong , Tian Kun , Liu Fengxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce the basic random theory of lattice, including Fourier transform, discrete Gauss measure, smoothing parameter and some properties of discrete Gauss distribution. Random lattice is a new research topic in lattice theory. However, only a special class of random lattices named Gauss lattice has been defined and studied. We will introduce Gauss lattice, define the smoothing parameter on Gauss lattice, and calculate the statistical distance based on the smoothing parameter
LWE Public Key Cryptosystem
Authors: Zheng Zhiyong , Tian Kun , Liu Fengxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 2005, O.Regev proposed the first LWE public key cryptosystem at Tel Aviv University in Israel based on LWE distribution $$A_{s,\chi }$$. Because of this paper, Regev won the highest award for theoretical computer science in 2018—the Godel Award. The size of public key is $$\tilde{O}(n^2)$$ bits, and the size of private key s and ciphertext is $$\tilde{O}(n)$$ bits. The plaintext encrypted each time is 1 bit. In fact, the LWE public key cryptosystem is a probabilistic cryptosystem, which depends on a high probability algorithm. Since the security of LWE problem has been clearly proved (see Chap. 3), the LWE cryptosystem has received extensive attention as soon as it was proposed, and it becomes the most cutting-edge research topic in the lattice-based cryptosystem study.
A Generalization of NTRUencrypt
Authors: Zheng Zhiyong , Tian Kun , Liu Fengxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNTRU cryptosystem is a new public key cryptosystem based on lattice hard problem proposed in 1996 by three digit theorists Hoffstein, Piper and Silverman of Brown University in the United States. The essence of NTRU cryptographic design is the generalization of RSA on polynomials, so it is called the cryptosystem based on polynomial rings. Its main feature is that the key generation is very simple, and the encryption and decryption algorithm is much faster than the commonly used RSA and elliptic curve cryptography. In particular, NTRU can resist quantum computing attacks and is considered to be a potential public key cryptography that can replace RSA in the post-quantum cryptography era.
Supersymmetry of the D3/D5 defect field theory
Authors: Domokos Sophia K. , Royston Andrew B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills, with a codimension-one defect breaking half of the supersymmetry, arises as the field theory description of the D3/D5 intersection in the holographic limit. This is one of the earliest, most extensively studied, and commonly used systems in holography. In this note we give the full R-symmetry-covariant supersymmetry variations for this system. We also provide the supercurrents and compute the algebra of the corresponding supercharges, obtaining the full set of central charges. We show that magnetically charged finite-energy field configurations preserving half of the supersymmetry are solutions to a new form of the extended Bogomolny equations, in which the defect fields play the role of jumping data for the Nahm-like part of the equations. In the appendices, we explain the connection between our results and the superspace-based formulations in the literature.
Local analytic sector subtraction for initial- and final-state radiation at NLO in massless QCD
Authors: Bertolotti Gloria , Torrielli Paolo , Uccirati Sandro , Zaro Marco 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Within the framework of local analytic sector subtraction, we present the subtraction of next-to-leading-order QCD singularities for processes featuring massless coloured particles in the initial as well as in the final state. The features of the method are explained in detail, including the introduction of an optimisation procedure aiming at improving numerical stability at the cost of no extra analytic complexity. A numerical validation is provided for a variety of processes relevant to lepton as well as hadron colliders. This work constitutes a relevant step in view of the application of our subtraction method to processes involving initial-state radiation at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD.
What lies beyond the horizon of a holographic p-wave superconductor
Authors: Sword Lewis , Vegh David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe study the planar anti-de Sitter black hole in the p-wave holographic superconductor model. We identify a critical coupling value which determines the type of phase transition. Beyond the horizon, at specific temperatures flat spacetime emerges. Numerical analysis close to these temperatures demonstrates the appearance of a large number of alternating Kasner epochs.
Why is the Weyl double copy local in position space?
Authors: Luna Andres , Moynihan Nathan , White Chris D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The double copy relates momentum-space scattering amplitudes in gauge and gravity theories. It has also been extended to classical solutions, where in some cases an exact double copy can be formulated directly in terms of products of fields in position space. This is seemingly at odds with the momentum-space origins of the double copy, and the question of why exact double copies are possible in position space — and when this form will break — has remained largely unanswered. In this paper, we provide an answer to this question, using a recently developed twistorial formulation of the double copy. We show that for certain vacuum type-D solutions, the momentum-space, twistor-space and position-space double copies amount to the same thing, and are directly related by integral transforms. Locality in position space is ultimately a consequence of the very special form of momentum-space three-point amplitudes, and we thus confirm suspicions that local position-space double copies are possible only for highly algebraically-special spacetimes.
Distinguishing two dark matter component particles at e+e− colliders
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhaditya , Ghosh Purusottam , Lahiri Jayita , Mukhopadhyaya Biswarup 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate ways of identifying two kinds of dark matter (DM) component particles at high-energy colliders. The strategy is to notice and distinguish double-peaks(humps) in the missing energy/transverse energy distribution. The relative advantage of looking for missing energy is pointed out, in view of the fact that the longitudinal component of the momentum imbalance becomes an added input. It thus turns out that an electron-positron collider is better suited for discovering a two-component DM scenario, so long as both of the components are kinematically accessible. This and a number of associated conclusions are established, using for illustration a scenario including a scalar and a spin-1/2 particle. We also formulate a set of measurable quantities which quantify the distinguishability of the two humps, defined in terms of double-Gaussian fits to the missing energy distribution. The efficacy of these variables in various regions of the parameter space is discussed, using the aforesaid model as illustration.
The general Two-Higgs Doublet Model in a gauge-invariant form
Authors: Sartore L. , Maniatis M. , Schienbein I. , Herrmann B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the general Two-Higgs Doublet Model it has been shown that the Higgs potential can be expressed in terms of gauge-independent quantities that transform covariantly under unitary mixing of the doublets. In particular, stability, electroweak symmetry breaking, and CP symmetry can be understood in a concise way, avoiding unphysical gauge degrees of freedom. We complete this program and show how all the masses, the trilinear and quartic scalar interactions, the gauge-boson-Higgs interactions, as well as the Yukawa couplings in the general THDM can be expressed in a gauge-invariant way.
Extra-large type Artin groups are hierarchically hyperbolic
Authors: Hagen Mark , Martin Alexandre , Sisto Alessandro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe show that Artin groups of extra-large type, and more generally Artin groups of large and hyperbolic type, are hierarchically hyperbolic. This implies in particular that these groups have finite asymptotic dimension and uniform exponential growth. We prove these results by using a combinatorial approach to hierarchical hyperbolicity, via the action of these groups on a new complex that is quasi-isometric both to the coned-off Deligne complex introduced by Martin–Przytycki and to a generalisation due to Morris-Wright of the graph of irreducible parabolic subgroups of finite type introduced by Cumplido–Gebhardt–González-Meneses–Wiest.