bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic-Triggered Online Teaching in Romania. A Language Teacher’s Perspective
Authors: Tankó Enikő 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the restrictions caused by the pandemic, schools closed and classes went online in the spring of 2020. Suddenly, teachers found themselves in unexpected situations they had to deal with. With limited IT skills and no training courses offered by the Ministry of Education guiding them into the world of Google Classroom, Meet, or Zoom, teachers all over Romania had to cope with e-learning somehow.
In the present study, I propose to investigate some of the positive and negative aspects of going online, to compare digital language classes involving different age groups (pupils of elementary schools or middle schools vs university students), as well as the diverse social background which influenced online learning to a large extent. I also intend to look at teaching different language skills: is there any relevant change in this respect as opposed to teaching face-to-face?
Virolinguistics: Introduction to the Study of the Coronavirus Language
Authors: Istók Béla , Lőrincz Gábor 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper undertakes the introduction to virolinguistics, a new linguistic discipline that investigates the virus language (virolect) based on the Hungarian linguistic material drawn from the scientific literature and our own collection. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of the pandemic on certain aspects of the Hungarian language: genres, vocabulary, communication, the linguistic landscape, and social media. The linguistic materials of these various areas play an important role in our society: they have a warning, entertaining, or stress-relieving function. Due to the restrictions, most studies have moved to the Internet. The methodological paradox of virolinguistics can be identified in the fact that it disregards certain scientific standards in order to assist linguists in collecting their valuable linguistic and visual materials.
Rectifying Language? Snarl Words and Politically Incorrect Language
Authors: Nagy Imola Katalin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Confucius was asked what he would do if he were a governor. He said he would rectify the names to make words correspond to reality. In this study, we wish to approach the problem of language changes that led to the emergence of concepts such as snarl words and purr words, as stated by S. I. Hayakawa, to refer to highly connotative language or politically correct and incorrect language. Can language be correct or incorrect politically? Should we ban words just because we perceive them as threatening social harmony? Should language be rectified and by whom? Or should we agree with Confucius, who believed that names, i.e. words should be used appropriately in the sense that if names are not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things. What is correct in language and what is not? Can language be outlawed at all? Have words changed so drastically or has the surrounding reality changed? Should we use language correctly or appropriately? Can the shaping of new nomenclatures and decreeing words as undesirable or imposing meaning changes induce social harmony, or such attempts will only lead to a pandemic of euphemisms and nothing more? We try to look into the ways in which words are doomed for being politically, socially (or perhaps emotionally?) incorrect. We gather a corpus of such banned words and/or meanings and analyse the ways their perception has changed over the past years.
Crisis and Language in Ray Bradbury’s The Last Night of the World
Authors: Ajtony Zsuzsanna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Language use in social crisis situations is usually described as being highly ideological, and it exhibits features of affect involving the use of negative evaluation of the perceived social enemies. The present study aims to explore the characters’ language use in Ray Bradbury’s short story entitled The Last Night of the World from a pragma-stylistic perspective. The fictional dialogue that takes place between the two protagonists creates and reflects the dynamics between them, where the unspeakable is only inferred rather than communicated. The analysis reveals special features of verbal communication in a crisis situation, especially focusing on the lexical and morphosyntactic properties, as well as on the verbal interaction and cooperation between the characters revealing their alignment. The results of the analysis prove that the verbal and non-verbal communication between the protagonists do not show the features described in crisis communication; therefore, the text of the story can be interpreted as subverting the generic language use in a critical situation.
Speak Global, Sell Local? Digital Linguistic Landscape of Local Small Businesses in the Social Media
Authors: Biró Enikő 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the online presence of languages and linguistic patterns of local small businesses in a bilingual, Hungarian-Romanian ethnic community in Romania. By capturing linguistic diversity and creativity via netnographic research, patterns of linguistic landscape elements in the social media, such as marketing strategy of local small businesses, can be analysed. The findings suggest that despite the need to advertise by using the state language, Romanian, in order to maximize the target audience, the concentration of Hungarian landscape elements is the highest. Businesses construct their linguistic identity by their language choices and practices, aligned with the collective linguistic identity of a bilingual community and the need for a global representation, in order to secure a place in the local market.
Travel Writing, Literature, and Romance: Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland
Authors: Pellérdi Márta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland, the first travel narrative that was written by a woman in Hungary and Transylvania, is a work little known to the wider international public, as it was published in Hungarian in 1842, seven years after her tour. There are few travel narratives written by East-Central European women in the first half of the nineteenth century. This essay attempts to reflect upon Wesselényi’s personal motives, her intellect and literary craftsmanship, as well as the cultural constraints she had to encounter. The romantic nature of the relationship between Wesselényi, a married woman, and the fellow travel writer John Paget, is also mirrored by the text. Travels in Italy and Switzerland not only offers an insight into the relatively favourable situation of Transylvanian women of the aristocracy in the 1830s but also shows that it had the power to inspire the works of celebrated Hungarian novelists after its publication. Although Wesselényi’s style conforms to the picturesque and sentimental travel writing published by European women in the period, it justly demands a place for itself on the list of distinguished nineteenth-century European travel writing by women.
Endzeitstimmung Der Umgang der evangelischen Kirche A.B. mit der Aussiedlung der Siebenbürger Sachsen
Authors: Kommer Alois-Richard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present paper deals with the attitude of the Evangelical Church of Augustan Confession in Romania (the Lutheran Church of the German-speaking Transylvanian Saxons) regarding the massive emigration of the Saxons after the events of December 1989 in Romania. The investigation is based on official documents of the Central Consistory of the Evangelical Church, from the central church archives in Sibiu/Hermannstadt at the Friedrich Teutsch cultural centre, as well as several editions of the publications Landeskirchliche Information (numbers 1 to 6 of the 1st year) and Kirchliche Blätter (numbers 1 to 12 of the 18th year). The analysis in the present study covers the year 1990 and shows the Evangelical Church as an institution that tries to face the challenges caused by the massive wave of emigrated Saxons. The topics the church leadership dealt with can also be found in the public discourse in the periodicals of the church. They were visibly trying to adapt to the new challenges; the responsible were constantly looking for solutions in order to be able to maintain the structures of the church.
Using drone technology for preserving the economic sustainability of the agricultural holdings
Authors: Iagăru Pompilica , Pavel Pompiliu , Iagăru Romulus , Șipoş Anca 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present era, precision agriculture, through the set of innovative technologies that it uses, allows to effectively manage the terrain, machinery, and input acquisition, considering the specific natural variation of the environmental conditions. One of such innovations is the unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) technology which has gained popularity and has been widely used in adopting efficient strategies for preserving the economic sustainability of the agricultural holdings. The need for an efficient management, the complex climatic, technological, economic, and biological changes that have recently occurred at the level of agro-systems impose a continuous and accurate knowledge of the growing production resources and the vegetation state in cultures. In this context, the article investigates a series of particularities regarding the use of geospatial and informational technology in the process of taking, storing, analysing, and interpreting them to optimize inputs, considering the state of the crops and the degree of soil supply in each relatively homogeneous area of the terrain..
Sharing Data Through Specialized Corpus-Based Tools: The Case of GramatiKat
Authors: Kováříková Dominika 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a specialized corpus tool GramatiKat in the context of Open Science principles, namely data sharing, which offers opportunities for original research and facilitates verifiability of research and building on previous research. The tool is designed primarily for examining grammatical categories from the quantitative point of view. It offers grammatical profiles of particular lemmas (currently 14 thousand Czech nouns) and the proportion of individual grammatical categories within a part of speech, i.e., the standard behavior of a word class. The data in GramatiKat are pre-processed, statistically evaluated, and presented in charts and tables for clarity, and they are available to other linguists, especially from fields of morphology and lexicography. This article is aimed at providing inspiration and support to corpus and non-corpus linguists with utilization and enhanced use of the existing tools and with the creation of new specialized tools available to other users.
A Corpus of Czech Essays from the Turn of the 1900s
Authors: Pořízka Petr 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A literary essay is an interesting unit for language analyses, as its stylistic means often exceed the boundaries of the genre of an artistic essay. The article presents a new corpus of Czech literary essays covering approximately fifty years from 1890 to 1940. Along with the characterisation of the corpus and its annotation, the paper focuses on the TxM corpus tool: In the second part of the study, we use selected texts to conduct an analysis of seven various authors through multidimensional cluster analysis, factorial correspondence analysis and a specificity score. The main parameter of the analyses was usage of parts of speech in texts by individual authors. At present, the Corpus of Czech Essays contains 40 essayist titles written by 15 authors covering various topics (music, visual arts, theatre, literature, etc.).
Building Czech Textbook Corpora (UcebKo) for Word-Formation Research of Czech as a Second Language
Authors: Válková Adriana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work-in-progress paper presents a specialized language corpus UcebKo built from textbooks of Czech for foreigners. The corpus integrates three subcorpora (UcebKo-A2, UcebKo-B1, and UcebKo-B2) which allow research of Czech as a second/foreign language at chosen language levels (A2, B1, and B2). In this case, the research is focused on word-formation, where the first results, i.e., mapping of derived words denoting persons, illustrate the approach and methodology used.
Key Words and Political Parties in the 2020 Pre-Election Campaign on Facebook
Authors: Kolenčíková Natália 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The research paper analyses key words found in pre-election communication of electorally successful political parties, based on which the main communication differences among those parties and the specifics of pre-election communication, as well as the pre-election discourse as a whole, are identified. Research material consists of political parties’ microblogs published on individual political parties’ Facebook profiles in the period from January 1, 2020 to February 28, 2020, with a reference corpus formed by the total of these microblogs. The analysis showed professionalization of political communication, the use of new, but also traditional ways of interaction with the electorate, pre-election communication based on the presentation of candidates, offensive and combative tone of the most successful parties, self-presentation, hints of persuasive and manipulative techniques, topic points of electoral programmes, but also thematic neutrality and non-specificity that suggest smaller electoral success.
Framing and Agenda Setting of the Day of Republika Srpska and its 2016 Referendum
Authors: Beglerović Nađa , Becker Matthew T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore broadsheet newspaper framing and agenda-setting of two events using the five-frame model developed by Semetko and Valkenburg (2000). This article provides insight into how the leading broadsheet newspaper within BiH’s Republika Srpska frames relationships between the three main ethnic groups and is the first such study to occur in BiH. By identifying and exploring the most common frames in Glas Srpske during the five-year period (from 31 December 2015 to 30 December 2020), the research is meant to answer the following research questions: How does Glas Srpske frame the conversation about it and portray the Day of Republika Srpska (RS) and Referendum of the RS Day? The results, which find Attribution of Responsibility and Conflict frames to be the more prevalent in Glas Srpske, illustrate contentious politics that reinforce differences between ethnic groups in BiH. These events and the controversial narrative surrounding them are relevant more than ever in the light of the recent non-paper ‘Western Balkans – A Way Forward’.
Asphalt mixture and its time delay of stress after strain at change of temperature and frequency
Authors: Mandula Ján , Bokomlaško Jakub 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Materials in pavement construction are used due to their material properties. Asphalt mixtures, which are today most used during building pavement construction, have a significant place. Asphalt mixtures are classified as viscoelastic materials due to their material properties. This article focuses on the time delay of the stress behind the strain, which is a specific property for viscoelastic materials. It is particularly focused on one type of asphalt mixture, which is used in the binder course and in the upper base layer. The selected asphalt mixture was tested on a four-bending machine and the samples had a beam shape. The sample was tested at four temperatures and seven frequencies. In the discussion, the article focuses on the comparison of the time delay of the stress Δt behind the strain during the change of temperature and frequency. It is clear from the results that the selected asphalt mixture is significantly affected by the change in temperature as well as the change in frequency. The conclusion is devoted to a summary of the acquired knowledge and observation, which is focused on examples in practice.
Revenue House - architectural typology to be valorised
Authors: Ouafa Boumaza , Abdelhak Bordjiba 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research was carried out on the state of degradation of the historic core of Annaba city, Algeria. This degradation is caused by multiple factors, the most important of which is the absence of shared responsibility of public actors. The number of collapses multiplied which became a source for the creation of large office buildings with modernist tendencies, but without any architectural identity. The real estate park in downtown Annaba brings together urban entities according to various principles and logics of composition, structuring the urban image of the city of Annaba. The objective of this study is to build a complete catalogue summarizing the structures and fundamental characteristics of old buildings. Initially, this study defines all the notions linked to urban morphology and the typologies of housing. Secondly, an architectural study will be carried out on the “income house”, which represents the basic unit for the development of this historic nucleus. The typological analysis was applied to 44 buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries located on the boulevard named “Revolution Square” in order to identify a set of common and specific criteria for the classification of “house income”.
Project Info Water
Authors: Hlinková Mária , Zeleňáková Martina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main goal of Project Info Water is to raise awareness about water management and water resources in the Slovak republic. The target groups of the project are kindergarten students, primary school students, citizens of the affected area, and the government. The project contains four groups of activities – informal, media, online, and presentation activities. Informal activities include thematic brochures with a brief description of the topics Water of Eastern Slovakia, Household water, Flood, Flood protection, Water structures of Eastern Slovakia, Water in the landscape. The presentation activities include the description of webinars, the media, and social activities include print advertisement and access to social media fun pages.
Opportunities for sustainable development of the Russian economy and social sphere through the use of carbon-free technologies
Authors: ПОПОВ В.В. 
Published: January 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы перехода мировой и российской экономики на низкоуглеродные и безуглеродные технологии. Отмечается влияние стран и отраслей экономики на эмиссию парниковых газов. Приведены основные факторы парниковых газов в Российской экономике, крупные отрасли-эмитенты использования парниковых газов в энергетике горно-химического, нефтехимического производства, машиностроения и др., а также в отраслях сельского хозяйства. Определены основные угрозы для российской экономики в связи с переходом на низкоуглеродные и безуглеродные технологии. Подчеркивается значимость рынков стран и регионов для российских товаров, и как следствие потери для экономики страны с переходом стран – партнеров на сокращение выбросов углеводорода. В долгосрочной перспективе приводятся данные как отражение объемов непосредственных финансовых потерь российский компаний – экспортеров по отдельным отраслям в условиях реализации основных направлений развития безуглеродных технологий в стране. Богатая ресурсная база страны дает определенные преимущества. Одним из возможностей для российской экономики является учет и признание на мировом уровне поглощающей способности лесов. Отмечается необходимость разработки и реализации мероприятий по постепенному переходу на низкоуглеродные технологии в отраслях экономики.
The article examines topical issues of the transition of the global and Russian economies to low-carbon and carbon-free technologies. The influence of countries and sectors of the economy on the emission of greenhouse gases is noted. The main factors of greenhouse gases in the Russian economy, large industries that emit greenhouse gases – energy, mining and chemical, petrochemical production, mechanical engineering, etc., as well as agriculture – were listed. The main threats to the Russian economy in connection with the transition to low-carbon and carbon-free technologies were identified. The importance of the markets of countries and regions for Russian goods and, as a consequence, losses for the country’s economy with the transition of partner countries to reducing hydrocarbon emissions is emphasized. It shows both the size of the direct financial losses of Russian exporting companies by industry and in the long term. The main directions for the development of carbon-free technologies in the country were determined, relying on a rich resource base, which gives Russia certain advantages. One of the opportunities for the Russian economy is the accounting and recognition at the world level of the absorbing capacity of forests. The need to develop and implement measures for the gradual transition to low-carbon technologies in the sectors of the economy is noted.
Managing accounts receivable and accounts payable
Authors: СОЛОВЬЕВА А.П. , СКРЯБИНА А.В. , ЭВЕРСТОВА Л.А. , ПЕТРОВА Ф.Н. 
Published: January 2022

Предприятие обязано контролировать дебиторскую и кредиторскую задолженность, следить за сроками погашения, не позволять необоснованного роста суммы дебиторской задолженности, особое внимание уделять по истребованию просроченной задолженности, вести активную работу с контрагентами. Крайне внимательно относиться к расчетам с кредиторами, вовремя погашать им долги, в противном случае предприятие будут иметь штрафные санкции по расчетам с контрагентами – все это объясняет актуальность этой проблемы. Для повышения эффективности использования дебиторской и кредиторской задолженности нами разработаны мероприятия по управлению дебиторской задолженностью.
A company must control accounts receivable and accounts payable, be sure to monitor repayment rates, not allow unreasonable growth of debtors and the amount of their debts, take timely measures to recover overdue debts, and actively work with debtors. It is also necessary to be extremely attentive to settlements with creditors, repay their debts on time, otherwise the company may lose the trust of its suppliers, banks and other creditors, will have penalties for settlements with counterparties – all this explains the relevance of this issue. To improve the efficiency of the use of accounts receivable and accounts receivable, we developed measures on managing accounts receivable.
La teoría de la sustentabilidad
Authors: Borner Joachin 
Published: January 2022

Actualmente, la creciente industrialización está generando gran cantidad de derechos industriales que no son fáciles de eliminar porque las técnicas requeridas para esto no han avanzado tanto como las de producción. A esta situación se le agrega el inconveniente de que a veces, no hay suficiente dinero para resolver los problemas que puedan presentarse en las industrias, o lo que obliga a privilegiar la solución de este aspecto, dejando de lado el tema del medio ambiente. Se trata entonces, de llevar adelante a prgramas destinados a investigar los impactos de la creciente industrialización sobre el medio ambiente como contribución al desarrollo sustentable.
Tecnología, información y administración de datos
Authors: Bullón-Salazar Luis-Alberto 
Published: January 2022

El gran adelanto de las comunicaciones ha originado una mayor disponibilidad de información. Por ello, las empresas deben crear un ambiente de administración de datos en donde ubique la información como un instrumento clave que puede ser comercializado. Esto implica identificar los datos importantes para la organización, así como aquellos para otras organizaciones.