bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrobacterium‐mediated Genetic Transformation of Cassava
Authors: Segatto Rosana , Jones Tira , Stretch Danielle , Albin Claire , Chauhan Raj Deepika , Taylor Nigel J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe storage root crop cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is predicted to remain central to future food and economic security for smallholder farming households and agricultural output in the tropics. Genetic improvement of cassava is required to meet changing farmer and consumer needs, evolving pests and diseases, and challenges presented by climate change. Transgenic and genome editing technologies offer significant potential for introducing desired traits into farmer‐preferred varieties and breeding lines, and for studying the biology of this under‐investigated crop species. A bottleneck in implementing genetic modification in this species has been access to robust methods for transformation of cassava cultivars and landraces. In this article, we provide a detailed protocol for Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation of cassava and regeneration of genetically modified plants. Basic Protocol 1 describes how to establish and micropropagate in vitro cassava plantlets, and Alternate Protocol 1 details how to establish in vitro cultures from field or greenhouse cuttings. Basic Protocol 2 describes all steps necessary for genetic transformation in the model variety 60444, and Alternate Protocol 2 provides details for modifying this method for use with other cultivars. Finally, Basic Protocol 3 describes how to establish plants produced via Basic Protocol 2 and Alternate Protocol 2 in soil in a greenhouse. These methods have proven applications across more than a dozen genotypes and are capable of producing transgenic and gene‐edited plants for experimental purposes, for testing under greenhouse and field conditions, and for development of plants suitable for subsequent regulatory approval and product deployment. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Establishment and propagation of in vitro cassava plantletsAlternate Protocol 1: Establishment of in vitro plants from field or greenhouse plantsBasic Protocol 2: Genetic transformation of cassava variety 60444Alternate Protocol 2: Genetic transformation of additional cultivarsBasic Protocol 3: Establishment and growth of plants in the greenhouse
Recent Progress in Hexagonal Ferrites Based Composites for Microwave Absorption
Authors: Mohammed Ibrahim , Mohammed Jibrin , Srivastava Ajeet Kumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the fast growth of wireless communication technology in high‐frequency ranges, electromagnetic (EM) interference has become a growing concern that has drawn international attention. The development of materials that can absorb EM radiation is a crucial solution. This review provides a detailed overview of ferrites, specifically hexagonal ferrites and their composites for microwave (MW) absorption. It examines hexagonal ferrite classifications based on the stacking order of their fundamental blocks and their synthesis methods and strategies for improving their magnetic properties. On the other hand, this review included a detailed examination of hexagonal ferrites–conducting polymer, hexagonal ferrites–2D materials, and hexagonal ferrite–other nanomaterials composites for MW absorption applications. Enhancing MW absorption in hexagonal ferrites‐based microwave absorption materials (MAMs) regulates their EM characteristics, improves impedance matching, and creates a diversity of loss mechanisms. In addition, the limitations, challenges, and opportunities of hexagonal ferrites‐based MAMs are discussed, which will be helpful to those working in related areas. As a general application potential, it is worth mentioning that, as a result of recent promising findings in the synthesis of hexagonal ferrites‐based composites, hexaferrite‐based composites are suitable devices in the area of microwave absorption.
Course and predictors of eating disorder symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and pandemic‐related eating disorder concerns among adults with eating disorders during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Thompson Katherine A. , Hedlund Elin L. , Sun Quan , Peat Christine M. , Goode Rachel W. , Termorshuizen Jet D. , Thornton Laura M. , Borg Stina , van Furth Eric F. , Birgegård Andreas , Bulik Cynthia M. , Watson Hunna J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic and public health mitigation measures have negatively impacted individuals with eating disorders (ED). We evaluated changes in and predictors of ED symptoms, pandemic‐related ED concerns, and anxiety symptoms across the first 12 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic among individuals with self‐reported EDs in the United States (US), Sweden (SE), and the Netherlands (NL).MethodParticipants in the US (N = 510), SE (N = 982), and NL (N = 510) completed an online survey assessing ED symptoms (binge eating, restriction, compensatory behaviors, and anxiety about being unable to exercise), general anxiety symptoms, and pandemic‐related ED concerns about accessing food, lack of structure and social support, being in a triggering environment, and food and treatment costs. In the US and NL, respondents completed surveys beginning April 2020 and continuing monthly for a year. In SE, respondents completed baseline surveys in May 2020, a six‐month follow‐up around December 2020, and a 12‐month follow‐up in May 2021.ResultsThree patterns emerged: (1) a curvilinear course with the highest level of symptoms at baseline, declining through November 2020, and increasing through the rest of the year; (2) a linear declining course over time; and (3) a stable course with no changes. Worries about COVID‐19 infection, lockdown, concerns about lack of structure and social support, and concerns about accessing food consistent with one's recovery meal plan predicted increases in ED symptoms.DiscussionED symptoms tracked with pandemic‐related concerns in people with EDs. Conceptualizing predictors of symptoms may inform therapy and public health resources that reduce the impact of pandemics on mental health.Public SignificanceOur findings suggest that the COVID‐19 pandemic had negative impacts on people with eating disorders, including amplification of mental health symptoms and stressors around peak periods of infection and COVID‐19 restrictions. These findings inform medical providers, policy‐makers, and community‐based supports about the information and resource needs of this group to ensure efficient dissemination in future public health emergencies and during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
Membership in winemaking cooperatives: Motivations and barriers
Authors: Allemand Isabelle , Joulié Pierre , Juno‐Delgado Edwin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe wine industry includes cooperatives and independent winegrowers. This article investigates cooperative membership's motivations and barriers based on a study conducted in the Chablis area (France). Individualistic goals prevail for winegrowers, but cooperative members also assign importance to shared values and their opinion differs significantly from that of the independent winegrowers. For independent winegrowers, the loss of entrepreneurial freedom represents the more substantial membership barrier. Findings might help managers of winemaking cooperatives identify actions to develop and retain their membership. They also provide insights to winegrowers on the advantages and drawbacks of independent and cooperative entrepreneurship.
Properties of polyrotaxane modified maleimide resin with a phase‐separated structure
Authors: Ohtsuka Keiko , Nakamura Masashi , Itoh Morimichi , Watase Seiji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolyrotaxane (PR) is a supramolecular polymer in which an axial polymer extends through multiple cyclic molecules. Specifically, PR comprises polyethylene glycol, α‐cyclodextrin and adamantane as the axial polymer, cyclic molecule and terminal blocking group, respectively. PR is a useful stress relaxation material because the cyclic polymers can freely slide and rotate in cyclic motions on the axial polymer. In this study, 4,4′‐diphenylmethane bismaleimide (BMI)/2,2′‐diallylbisphenol A (DABPA) resin was blended with PR as a toughness modifier; the effect of PR on the cured properties of BMI/DABPA resin is reported and the properties are related to the phase structure of BMI/DABPA/PR alloy. The BMI/DABPA/PR alloy formed a microphase‐separated structure with PR particles dispersed in the BMI/DABPA resin matrix. Increasing PR concentration greatly improved the toughness, impact resistance and adhesiveness of the resin. The glass transition temperature also increased because the numerous hydroxyl groups of α‐cyclodextrins in PR formed intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the BMI/DABPA resin, forming a dense network structure. In contrast, owing to the small concentration ratio of PR to BMI/DABPA resin, the dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent and water absorption were only slightly higher than those of the unmodified resin. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Characterization of styrene/methyl methacrylate/n‐butyl acrylate terpolymer with Kendrick mass defect analysis in electrospray ionization‐ion mobility spectrometry‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Ozeki Yuka , Kitagawa Shinya , Ohtani Hajime , Kondo Yosuke , Shinada Hiroko 
Published: December 2022

RationaleSynthesis of copolymer is one of the major approaches to establish sophisticated polymers. In copolymer analysis in mass spectrometry (MS), an increase in the number of monomer unit species and/or the polymer molecular weight results in complex mass spectra, and a method is required to solve this problem.MethodsIn this study, electrospray ionization‐ion mobility spectrometry‐mass spectrometry was employed to analyze styrene/methyl methacrylate/n‐butyl acrylate (St/MMA/nBA) terpolymers via Kendrick mass defect (KMD) analysis. An expanded Fourier transform‐based noise reduction method for the copolymer was developed to improve the decrease in the signal/noise ratio observed in the higher m/z region.ResultsLow‐mass terpolymers (0.7 kDa) were identified by comparing the observed and theoretical results using a two‐dimensional KMD plot. For the 1.5 kDa terpolymer, the signal overlap, of which KMD value was not matched with the theoretical one, was interpreted by the shift from the theoretical value in the KMD plot. For the 3.0 kDa terpolymers, the compositional candidates were determined by the prediction based on the compositional information of low‐mass terpolymers previously analyzed. The 4.5 kDa terpolymer was interpreted after the expanded noise filtering.ConclusionsThe terpolymers, whose molecular weight was up to 4.5 kDa, were successfully characterized at a molecular level. The dependency of the St/MMA/nBA composition on molecular weight was observed; that is, the nBA content decreased with an increase in the molecular weight.
Thermal‐Driven Soft‐Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Industrial Cooling Water Monitoring
Authors: Xuan Ziwei , Wang Zhong Lin , Wang Ning , Cao Xia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a quaternary dielectric soft‐contact rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (QDSR‐TENG) of low frictional resistance is fabricated for combining TENG with a shape memory alloy (SMA) engine. The introduction of rabbit fur brush and FEP brush results in charge pumps with a partially soft contact structure. Benefiting from the low friction loss of the structure, the QDSR‐TENG can operate stably and continually for 100k cycles without significant output degradation. The SMA engine exhibits thermally induced phase transformation and super‐elasticity and can be utilized for harnessing waste heat energy. The thermal‐driven QDSR‐TENG can operate with a water source of 43 °C with a distinguishable response to the variation of temperatures. Such a low starting temperature not only promotes the harvesting of low‐grade thermal energy, but also results in a self‐monitoring industrial cooling water system. The coupled elastocaloric power and cooling cycle proposed in the thermal‐driven QDSR‐TENG opens a new paradigm for the application in energy harvesting and smart sensing.
Heteroatom Coordination Regulates Iron Single‐Atom‐Catalyst with Superior Oxygen Reduction Reaction Performance for Aqueous Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: He Yuting , Jia Yufei , Yu Baozhu , Wang Yi , Li Hongtao , Liu Yongning , Tan Qiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPlatinum group metal (PGM)‐free M‐N‐C catalysts have exhibited dramatic electrocatalytic performance and are considered the most promising candidate of the Pt catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the electrocatalytic performance of the M‐N‐C catalysts is still limited by their inferior intrinsic activity and finite active site density. Regulating the coordination environment and increasing the pore structure of the catalyst is an effective strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of the M‐N‐C catalysts. In this work, the coordination environment and pore structure exquisitely regulated Fe‐N‐C catalyst exhibit excellent ORR activity and durability. With the enhanced intrinsic activity and increased active site density, the optimized Fe‐N/S‐C catalyst shows impressive ORR activity (E1/2 = 0.904 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and superior long‐term durability in an alkaline medium. As the advanced physical characterization and theoretical chemistry methods illustrate, the S‐modified Fe‐Nx (Fe‐N3/S‐C) moiety is confirmed as the improved active center for ORR, and the increased active site density further improved ORR efficiency. Based on the Fe‐N/S‐C cathode, a Zn‐air battery is fabricated and shows superior power density (315.4 mW cm−2) and long‐term discharge stability at 20 mA cm−2. This work would open a new perspective to design atomically dispersed iron‐metal site catalysts for advanced electro‐catalysis.
Lead‐Free Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics with Ultrahigh Energy Storage Densities via Polymorphic Polar Nanoregions Design
Authors: Li Da , Zhou Di , Wang Dong , Zhao Weichen , Guo Yan , Shi Zhongqi , Zhou Tao , Sun Shi‐Kuan , Singh Charanjeet , Trukhanov Sergei , Sombra Antonio Sergio Bezerra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the long‐standing challenges of current lead‐free energy storage ceramics for capacitors is how to improve their comprehensive energy storage properties effectively, that is, to achieve a synergistic improvement in the breakdown strength (Eb) and the difference between maximum polarization (Pmax) and remnant polarization (Pr), making them comparable to those of lead‐based capacitor materials. Here, a polymorphic polar nanoregions (PNRs) structural design by first introducing 0.06 mol BaTiO3 into Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 is proposed to construct the morphotropic phase boundary with coexisting structures of micrometer‐size domains and polymorphic nanodomains, enhance the electric field‐induced polarization response (increase Pmax). Then Sr(Al0.5Ta0.5)O3 (SAT)‐doped 0.94 Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3‐0.06BaTiO3 (BNBT) energy storage ceramics with polymorphic PNRs structures are synthesized following the guidance of phase‐field simulation and rational composition design (decrease Pr). Finally, a large recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 8.33 J cm−3 and a high energy efficiency (η) of 90.8% under 555 kV cm−1 are obtained in the 0.85BNBT‐0.15SAT ceramic prepared by repeated rolling process method (enhance Eb), superior to most practical lead‐free competitors increased consideration of the stability of temperature (a variation <±6.2%) and frequency (Wrec > 5.0 cm−3, η > 90%) at 400 kV cm−1. This strategy provides a new conception for the design of other‐based multifunctional energy storage dielectrics.
Physical layer security using boundary technique for emerging wireless communication systems
Authors: Sikiru Ismaeel Abiodun , Olawoyin Lukman Abiodun , Faruk Nasir , Oloyede Abdulkarim Ayopo , Abdulkarim Abubakar , Olayinka Imam‐Fulani Yusuf , Sowande Olugbenga Akinkunmi , Garba Salisu , Imoize Agbotiname Lucky 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe broadcast nature of radio propagation in wireless communication has been suspected as the loopholes of passive or active attacks by unauthorized users (eavesdroppers). The physical layer security techniques operate at the lowest stack of OSI layer against conventional cryptographic approaches, operating at the upper layer. However, techniques such as channel coding, power (directional antenna and artificial noise), and spread spectrum have been (and continuously) deployed to safeguard against sophisticated attacks. Most of these deployments are theoretical, and a few are enhanced for efficient security against an intruder. In this article, a boundary technique approach is proposed and applied to the physical layer to improve its secrecy‐capacity and subdue adversary effects at the legitimate receiver. Hybrid performance metrics were adopted, and a Monte Carlo simulation was performed. The result obtained using secrecy outage probability, secrecy‐capacity, and intercept‐probability show that our proposed techniques enhance the secret transmission between the main transmitter and legitimate receiver. The simulation results were compared with the analytical methods. It was found that the channel between the transmitter and the main receiver has a better signal‐to‐noise ratio than the corresponding eavesdropper's channel. Conclusively, performance of the proposed technique is validated for applications in emerging wireless communication systems.
Effect of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on oxidative stress parameters and sex hormone levels of modern genotype sows
Authors: Roszkos Róbert , Tóth Tamás , Bazar George , Fébel Hedvig , Mézes Miklós 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSows are exposed to severe stress and hormonal challenges during their whole productive life. As polyunsaturated fatty acids play an important role in immune and reproductive functions, with a better understanding of their role in breeding sows’ nutrition, improved performance and more sustainable pig production can be achieved.ObjectivesIn this study, we investigated the effects of omega‐6 and omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation on the antioxidant status and hormone levels of sows.MethodsA total of 48 Danish Large white × Danish Landrace sows were supplemented either with sunflower oil (SO) as a control group or with fish oil (FO) as experimental group at the same dose of 10 g/kg feed. Blood samples were collected on day 14 of lactation, 5 days after weaning (insemination), and 30 days after insemination. To estimate antioxidant and reproductive effects, the amounts of reduced glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), serum 17β oestradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and 6‐keto prostaglandin F1α (6‐keto PGF1α) levels were investigated.ResultsFO‐based supplementation increased GPx activity on day 14 of lactation. Five days after weaning, the concentration of GSH in FO‐fed sows was significantly higher than that in SO‐fed sows. The E2 content of blood was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group for two of the three examined periods (day 14 of lactation and 30 days after insemination), whereas P4 levels were significantly higher in the experimental group 5 days after weaning. We found that 6‐keto PGF1α levels were systematically lower in the experimental group throughout the trial.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of the major impact of omega‐6 and ‐3 fatty acids on the tested hormone levels, which serve as precursors for the production of E2 and P4 but have an opposite effect on PGF2α production.
Copper(I) and Gold(I) Complexes of Aminofunctionalized Phosphinines: Synthesis and Structural Characterization
Authors: Lin Jinxiong , Frost Daniel S. , Coles Nathan T. , Weber Manuela , Müller Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA series of novel 3‐N,N‐dimethylaminofunctionalized phosphinines were synthesized and structurally characterized. DFT calculations showed that these aromatic phosphorus heterocycles possess stronger π‐donor and σ‐donor properties compared to the parent phosphinine C5H5P. With CuBr ⋅ SMe2, the corresponding complexes of the type [(phosphinine)2CuBr]2are formed, which show the classical terminal σ‐coordination mode of the phosphorus donor towards the Cu(I) center. Upon reaction with AuCl ⋅ SMe2, mononuclear phosphinine‐Au(I)Cl complexes could be obtained and crystallographically characterized. Moreover, the presence of a SiMe3‐group and a donor‐functionality provide the possibility for post‐synthetic ligand modifications. With CuCl ⋅ SMe2the phosphinine‐based hydrochloride salts forms a rare Cu(I) complex with a Cu4Cl4‐core, that contains two pairs of differently coordinating phosphinine ligands.
A novel synthesis of two decades of microsatellite studies on European beech reveals decreasing genetic diversity from glacial refugia
Authors: Stefanini Camilla , Csilléry Katalin , Ulaszewski Bartosz , Burczyk Jarosław , Schaepman Michael E. , Schuman Meredith C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGenetic diversity influences the evolutionary potential of forest trees under changing environmental conditions, thus indirectly the ecosystem services that forests provide. European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) is a dominant European forest tree species that increasingly suffers from climate change-related die-back. Here, we conducted a systematic literature review of neutral genetic diversity in European beech and created a meta-data set of expected heterozygosity (He) from all past studies providing nuclear microsatellite data. We propose a novel approach, based on population genetic theory and a min–max scaling to make past studies comparable. Using a new microsatellite data set with unprecedented geographic coverage and various re-sampling schemes to mimic common sampling biases, we show the potential and limitations of the scaling approach. The scaled meta-dataset reveals the expected trend of decreasing genetic diversity from glacial refugia across the species range and also supports the hypothesis that different lineages met and admixed north of the European mountain ranges. As a result, we present a map of genetic diversity across the range of European beech which could help to identify seed source populations harboring greater diversity and guide sampling strategies for future genome-wide and functional investigations of genetic variation. Our approach illustrates how to combine information from several nuclear microsatellite data sets to describe patterns of genetic diversity extending beyond the geographic scale or mean number of loci used in each individual study, and thus is a proof-of-concept for synthesizing knowledge from existing studies also in other species.