bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priority actions for Fusarium head blight resistance in durum wheat: Insights from the wheat initiative
Authors: Viviani Ambra , Haile Jemanesh K. , Fernando W. G. Dilantha , Ceoloni Carla , Kuzmanović Ljiljana , Lhamo Dhondup , Gu Yong‐Qiang , Xu Steven S. , Cai Xiwen , Buerstmayr Hermann , Elias Elias M. , Confortini Alessia , Bozzoli Matteo , Brar Gurcharn Singh , Ruan Yuefeng , Berraies Samia , Hamada Walid , Oufensou Safa , Jayawardana Malini , Walkowiak Sean , Bourras Salim , Dayarathne Monika , Isidro y Sánchez Julio , Doohan Fiona , Gadaleta Agata , Marcotuli Ilaria , He Xinyao , Singh Pawan K. , Dreisigacker Susanne , Ammar Karim , Klymiuk Valentyna , Pozniak Curtis J. , Tuberosa Roberto , Maccaferri Marco , Steiner Barbara , Mastrangelo Anna Maria , Cattivelli Luigi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, is a major wheat disease. Significant efforts have been made to improve resistance to FHB in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), but more work is needed for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum). Bread wheat has ample genetic variation for resistance breeding, which can be readily exploited, while durum wheat is characterized by higher disease susceptibility and fewer valuable resistance sources. The Wheat Initiative – Expert Working Group on Durum Wheat Genomics and Breeding has promoted a scientific discussion to define the key actions that should be prioritized for achieving resistance in durum wheat comparable to that found in bread wheat. Here, a detailed state of the art and novel tools to improve FHB resistance in durum are presented, together with a perspective on the next steps forward. A meta‐analysis grouping all quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with FHB resistance in both bread and durum wheat has been conducted to identify hotspot regions that do not overlap with Rht alleles, which are known to negatively correlate with FHB resistance. A detailed list of QTL related to FHB resistance and deoxynivalenol contamination and durum lines carrying different sources of FHB resistance are provided as a strategic resource. QTL, closely linked markers and durum wheat lines carrying the useful alleles, can be selected to design an effective breeding program. Finally, we highlight the priority actions that should be implemented to achieve satisfactory resistance to FHB in durum wheat.
Dynamics of dRGT ghost-free massive gravity in spherical symmetry
Authors: Albertini Emma , Kożuszek Jan , Wiseman Toby 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We focus on dRGT massive gravity in spherical symmetry in the limit of small graviton mass. Firstly we examine the minimal model. This does not exhibit a Vainshtein mechanism in spherical symmetry, but one may still ask what happens for spherical dynamics. We show that there are no regular time-dependent spherically symmetric solutions unless the matter has sufficiently large pressure. For matter that does not satisfy this, such as non-relativistic matter, any Cauchy slice of such a solution must necessarily have a point where the metric becomes singular. Only a weak assumption on the asymptotics is made. We then consider the next-to-minimal model. This has been argued to have a good Vainshtein mechanism in spherical symmetry, and hence be phenomenologically viable, provided the relative sign of the minimal and next-to-minimal mass terms is the same, and we restrict attention to this case. We find that regular behaviour requires the matter at the origin of symmetry to have positive pressure — in particular a massive scalar field fails to satisfy this condition. Furthermore it restricts non-relativistic matter so that the pressure is bounded from below in terms of the density and graviton mass in a manner that is at odds with a reasonable phenomenology. This suggests that realistic phenomenology will either require a resolution of singularities, or will require dynamics beyond the non-generic setting of spherical symmetry.
Im falschen Körper geboren?
Authors: Winkler-Crepaz Katharina 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Geschlechtsinkongruenz beschreibt die Diskrepanz zwischen dem bei Geburt zugewiesenen Geschlecht und der Geschlechtsidentität. Die geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie stellt einen essenziellen Bestandteil der medizinischen Betreuung von Personen mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz dar.

Fragestellung
Welche Medikamente werden zur geschlechtsangleichenden Hormontherapie empfohlen, und was sind ihre unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen und Langzeitrisiken?

Material und Methoden
In Beitrag werden die Handlungsempfehlungen der Endocrine Society, der World Professional Association for Transgender Health und der American Society for Reproductive Medicine sowie Studien zu den Langzeitrisiken der gegengeschlechtlichen Hormontherapie dargestellt.

Ergebnisse
Die geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie fördert die mentale Gesundheit und Lebensqualität von Personen mit Genderinkongruenz. Als Langzeitrisiko scheint eine erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Mortalität von Transfrauen im Vergleich zur Gesamtbevölkerung zu bestehen, welche bei Transmännern nicht beobachtet werden konnte.

Schlussfolgerung
Eine umfassende Aufklärung über Wirkungen, unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen und Risiken der geschlechtsangleichenden Hormontherapie sind essenzielle Grundlage für eine gemeinsame Therapieplanung, die die individuellen Wünsche und Ziele der Patientinnen und Patienten berücksichtigt.
Bridging gaps in age estimation: a cross-sectional comparative study of skeletal maturation using Fishman method and dental development using Nolla method among Egyptians
Authors: Lashin Heba Ibrahim , Sharif Asmaa Fady , Ghaly Mohamed Salah , El-Desouky Shaimaa Shaban , Elhawary Amira Elsayed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Estimating the chronological age of humans is a prevalent need in forensic practice. Comparing the accuracy of different age identification methods helps provide the most reliable method for a specific population. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of age assessments using skeletal maturation and dental mineralization in a sample of Egyptians and to assess if combining both methods yields more precise age prediction. A cross-sectional study included 176 Egyptian children and adolescents aged between 8 and 16 who underwent orthopantomograms and hand-wrist radiographs. All radiographs were scored independently for skeletal maturation using the Fishman method and dental development using the Nolla method. While Fishman and Nolla methods were valid and reliable age predictors with variable sex and age group accuracy in Egyptians, the Nolla method showed superior performance. The Nolla method slightly underestimated the chronological age, while the Fishman method slightly over-estimated it, showing median differences of -0.21 and 0.17, respectively. Correlating the estimated age using the Fishman and Nolla methods and the chronological age showed intraclass correlation coefficients of (0.854 and 0.660) and (0.973 and 0.977) for females and males, respectively (P < 0.001). The model adopting the Nolla score exhibited the highest R² (0.973 and 0.968) and the lowest Akaike information criteria (96 and 106) for females and males, respectively, which is comparable to the model adopting both Nolla scores and skeletal maturation indicators. Therefore, we recommend adopting the model incorporating only the Nolla scores for age estimation without the need for further hand and wrist radiography.
The ability of diaphragmatic excursion after extubation to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support in critically ill surgical patients
Authors: Hasanin Ahmed , Helmy Mina A. , Aziz Ayman , Mostafa Maha , Alrahmany Mostafa , Elshal Mamdouh M. , Hamimy Walid , Lotfy Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
This study evaluated the ability of diaphragmatic excursion (DE), measured 2 h after extubation, to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support within 48 h in surgical critically ill patients.

Methods
This prospective observational study included adult surgical critically ill patients intubated for > 24 h and extubated after a successful spontaneous breathing trial. Sonographic measurement of the DE was performed 2 h after extubation. Patients were followed up for 48 h after extubation and were divided into reintubation group and successful weaning group. The primary outcome was DE’s ability to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support using the area under receiver characteristic curve (AUC) analysis.

Results
Data from 70 patients were analyzed and 25/70 (36%) patients needed reintubation. DE was lower in the reintubation group than the successful weaning group. The AUC (95% confidence interval) for the ability of DE to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support was 0.98(0.92–1.00) and 0.97(0.89–1.00) for the right and left side, respectively. At cutoff values of 20.8 and 19.8 mm, the right and left DE had positive predictive values of 92% and 88% and negative predictive values of 96% and 93%, respectively.

Conclusion
Among surgical critically ill patients undergoing weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation, DE obtained 2h after extubation is an accurate predictor for the need for resumption of ventilatory support. Diaphragmatic excursion < 20–21 mm could predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support with a positive predictive value of 88–92% and negative predictive value of 93–96%.
Stressbewältigung zwischen Mykotoxinen und Serotonin
Authors: Aigner Martin , Höflich Anna , Steiner-Hofbauer Verena , Michenthaler Paul , Schamann Alexandra , Sulyok Michael , Adam Gerhard , Krska Rudolf 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Verbindungen zwischen Mykotoxinen, Serotonin und psychischen Erkrankungen, insbesondere Psychosen, und wie Umwelt- und Stoffwechselfaktoren zur Stressbewältigung beitragen, sollen in unserem Beitrag aufgezeigt werden. Zunächst wird auf die Organismus-Pilz-Interaktion eingegangen: Pilze interagieren mit anderen eukaryoten Organismen auf einem Spektrum von Parasitismus, Kommensalismus bis hin zum Mutualismus, was man als Symbiose bezeichnen könnte. Ihre Metaboliten können toxisch sein und das Serotoninsystem beeinflussen, welches eine wichtige Rolle in der menschlichen Homöostase, Immunabwehr und psychischen Gesundheit spielt. Eine möglicherweise zentrale Rolle kommt hier dem Tryptophanstoffwechsel zu: Tryptophan (Trp) ist eine essenzielle Aminosäure, die zu Serotonin und Melatonin umgewandelt wird, den Botenstoffen zentraler Transmittersysteme des Menschen.
Stress und Mykotoxine beeinflussen diesen Stoffwechselweg und können den Serotoninspiegel verändern, was wiederum das Risiko für Stimmungs- und Angststörungen erhöht. Chronischer Stress kann über Beeinträchtigung des Trp-Haushaltes zum Anfallen von neurotoxischen Abbauprodukten führen sowie die Verfügbarkeit von Serotonin reduzieren, was zu kognitiven Einschränkungen führen kann.
Enge Verbindungen von Mykotoxinen und Stresszuständen können auf verschiedenen Ebenen, von molekularer Interaktion bis zum Einfluss auf das soziale Verhalten des Wirtes, dargestellt werden: Mykotoxine wie Aflatoxine und Ochratoxine fördern oxidativen Stress und Entzündungen, was die kognitive Leistung beeinträchtigen und das Risiko für neurodegenerative Erkrankungen durch Blut-Hirn-Schrankenstörungen erhöhen könnte.
Am Beispiel der Ergotalkaloide werden, ausgehend vom historischen Ergotismus, Parallelen aufgezeigt: Ergotalkaloide, produziert durch den Mutterkornpilz, sind für ihre neurotoxische Wirkung bekannt und können Psychosen und Durchblutungsstörungen verursachen. Durch die heutigen Lebensmittelkontrollen werden die Belastungen mit Mykotoxinen möglichst gering gehalten. Dennoch kann es durch Interaktion von Lebensmittelzusätzen, wie Aspartam, zu toxischen Interaktionen mit Mykotoxinen kommen, wenn sie gemeinsam aufgenommen werden.
Die Prävention wird in der vorliegenden Literatur als wichtiger Faktor betont: Eine stressreduzierende Lebensweise, eine gesunde Ernährung und eine saubere Wohnumgebung seien essenziell, um die potenziell negativen Effekte von Mykotoxinen zu minimieren und psychische Stabilität zu fördern.
Effect of post-processing on the surface, optical, mechanical, and dimensional properties of 3D-printed orthodontic clear retainers
Authors: Neoh Siew Peng , Khantachawana Anak , Santiwong Peerapong , Chintavalakorn Rochaya , Srikhirin Toemsak 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To address the high surface roughness and poor optical properties of three-dimensional (3D) printed orthodontic clear retainers, an alternative post-processing protocol was investigated with the goal of achieving improved surface, optical, and mechanical properties while preserving dimensional accuracy.

Materials and methods
Samples were prepared from two biocompatible methacrylate-based 3D-printing resins (Formlabs Dental LT Clear V2, NextDent OrthoFlex) and one thermoplastic material (Duran). For the 3D-printed resins, one group was post-processed by rinsing in isopropyl alcohol, while another group was centrifuged before post-curing in glycerine. Three different testing conditions were used: dry, wet (24-h water immersion), and aged (thermocycling for 10,000 cycles). Surface characteristics were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Optical properties were assessed for transparency and colour stability, while mechanical properties were elicited from tensile and microhardness tests. Water sorption and solubility were calculated. Samples mounted on a dental model were scanned by micro-computed tomography to measure thickness and gap width.

Results
3D-printed samples post-processed by centrifugation showed significantly decreased surface roughness and improved visible light transmission, colour stability, tensile strength, and hardness. The centrifuged samples showed significantly increased thickness, while designing an offset equal to this thickness improved the adaptation.

Conclusions
Post-processing by centrifugation produces surface coating that enhances the surface and optical properties of the 3D-printed orthodontic retainers, while curing in an oxygen-free environment improves their mechanical properties. Design modifications may be necessary for this protocol to ensure proper adaptation to the dentition.

Clinical relevance
Proper design and post-processing protocols are necessary to achieve the desired properties of orthodontic clear retainers.
Changes in CD4+ T cells subsets in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis
Authors: Zuluaga Paola , Zurera-Egea Coral , Fuster Daniel , Hernandez-Rubio Anna , Teniente-Serra Aina , Martínez-Cáceres Eva , Muga Roberto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlcohol-related cirrhosis (AC) is a condition that impacts in immunity. We analyzed changes over time in CD4+subsets in AC-patients. We included patients with alcohol use disorder admitted at least twice for treatment. Patients without evidence of liver disease were the control group (CG). We analyzed naïve, memory, TEMRA, Th1, Th2, Th17, early activated, and late activated subsets. During the follow-up, TEMRA T cells were increased (1.2 ± 1.1% vs. 2.1 ± 1.1%, p = 0.03) in AC-patients (n = 5) and Th17 cells were decreased (14.1 ± 4.3% vs. 12.3 ± 6.4%, p = 0.03) in the CG (n = 22). Late activated cells were associated with a decrease in memory cells in both the groups. This association was stronger in AC-patients (r =  − 0.90, p = 0.04). The proportion of memory cells was correlated with an increased of Th1/Th2/Th17 cells in the CG (r = 0.70, r = 0.68, r = 0.63; p < 0.01, respectively), whereas in AC-patients was correlated with a decrease in Th17 cells (r =  − 0.90, p = 0.03). AC-patients showed an increase in the proportion of TEMRA T cells, loss of heterogeneity and decreased CD4+ differentiation.
Chemotherapy-Induced Cell-Surface GRP78 Expression as a Prognostic Marker for Invasiveness of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Alvarez-Elizondo Martha B. , Raiter Annat , Yerushalmi Rinat , Weihs Daphne 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetastasis remains the leading cause (90%) of cancer-related mortality, especially in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Improved understanding of molecular drivers in the metastatic cascade is crucial, to find accurate prognostic markers for invasiveness after chemotherapy treatment. Current breast cancer chemotherapy treatments include doxorubicin and paclitaxel, inducing various effects, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The key regulator of the UPR is the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), which is associated with metastatic disease, although, its expression level in the context of invasiveness is still controversial. We evaluate doxorubicin effects on TNBC cells, identifying GRP78 subpopulations linked to invasiveness. Specifically, we evaluate the motility and invasiveness of GRP78 positive vs. negative cell subpopulations by two different assays: the in vitro Boyden chamber migration assay and our innovative, rapid (2–3 h) clinically relevant, mechanobiology-based invasiveness assay. We validate chemotherapy-induced increase in the subpopulation of cell-surface GRP78(+) in two human, metastatic TNBC cell lines: MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. The GRP78(+) cell subpopulation exhibits reduced invasiveness and metastatic potential, as compared to whole-population control and to the GRP78(−) cell subpopulation, which are both highly invasive. Thus, using our innovative, clinically relevant assay, we rapidly (on clinical timescale) validate that GRP78(−) cells are likely linked with invasiveness, yet also demonstrate that combination of the GRP78(+) and GRP78(−) cells could increase the overall metastatic potential. Our results and approach could provide patient-personalized predictive marker for the expected benefits of chemotherapy in TNBC patients and potentially reveal non-responders to chemotherapy while also allowing evaluation of the clinical risk for metastasis.
Enhanced crayfish optimization algorithm with differential evolution’s mutation and crossover strategies for global optimization and engineering applications
Authors: Maiti Binanda , Biswas Saptadeep , Ezugwu Absalom El-Shamir , Bera Uttam Kumar , Alzahrani Ahmed Ibrahim , Alblehai Fahad , Abualigah Laith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Optimization algorithms play a crucial role in solving complex challenges across various fields, including engineering, finance, and data science. This study introduces a novel hybrid optimization algorithm, the Hybrid Crayfish Optimization Algorithm with Differential Evolution (HCOADE), which addresses the limitations of premature convergence and inadequate exploitation in the traditional Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (COA). By integrating COA with Differential Evolution (DE) strategies, HCOADE leverages DE’s mutation and crossover mechanisms to enhance global optimization performance. The COA, inspired by the foraging and social behaviors of crayfish, provides a flexible framework for exploring the solution space, while DE’s robust strategies effectively exploit this space. To evaluate HCOADE’s performance, extensive experiments are conducted using 34 benchmark functions from CEC 2014 and CEC 2017, as well as six engineering design problems. The results are compared with ten leading optimization algorithms, including classical COA, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Moth-flame Optimization (MFO), Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Constriction Coefficient-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Gravitational Search Algorithm (CPSOGSA), and Biogeography-based Optimization (BBO). The average rankings and results from the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test provide a comprehensive comparison of HCOADE’s performance, clearly demonstrating its superiority. Furthermore, HCOADE’s performance is assessed on the CEC 2020 and CEC 2022 test suites, further confirming its effectiveness. A comparative analysis against notable winners from the CEC competitions, including LSHADEcnEpSin, LSHADESPACMA, and CMA-ES, using the CEC-2017 test suite, revealed superior results for HCOADE. This study underscores the advantages of integrating DE strategies with COA and offers valuable insights for addressing complex global optimization problems.
DNA metabarcoding of stomach contents shows predation impacts of black rats on island birds after a resource pulse are driven by numerical not functional response
Authors: Carpenter Joanna K. , Verry Alexander J. F. , Mitchell Kieren J. , Trought Katherine , Monks Adrian , Innes John , Griffiths James , Harvey Max , Wilmshurst Janet M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Generalist predator populations often surge during resource pulses but decline sharply afterwards and shift to alternative prey sources, which experience elevated predation rates. Understanding these numerical and functional responses of predators to resource pulses is especially important for effectively managing island ecosystems, where invasive mammals are generalist predators and vulnerable indigenous birds are alternative prey. We used DNA metabarcoding of stomach contents to test whether the proportion of black rats (Rattus rattus) consuming birds changed during and after a mast seeding year in a New Zealand beech forest. Contrary to prevailing assumptions that black rats in forests consume birds only occasionally and increase their consumption of birds once a resource pulse finishes, we found that the overall proportion of rats consuming birds was surprisingly high (19.4%), and that the proportion of rats consuming birds did not change significantly across the three years of a beech mast cycle. We detected 15 unique bird taxa in the rat stomachs and 40 unique plant taxa. The frequency of beech consumption declined across the three years, as predicted. We conclude that (1) forest birds are a common part of rat diet rather than an occasional opportunistic prey item, and (2) the impact of black rats on indigenous birds following seed pulses is predominantly driven by the numerical response (increased numbers of rats present) rather than a functional (prey switching) response. Conservation interventions that seek to maximally and consistently suppress rats are therefore likely to have the best outcomes for birds.
Characteristics Associated with Engagement in the Early Detection Cascade of Care for Psychosis at a College Counseling Center
Authors: Barans Sam , Saavedra Justine L. , Lardier David T. , Tohen Mauricio , Lenroot Rhoshel , Bustillo Juan , Halperin Dawn , Friedman Bess , Loewy Rachel , Murray-Krezan Cristina , McIver Stephanie , Crisanti Annette S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUsing the Cascade of Care framework, we explored the demographic and clinical characteristics of students at six stages in an early psychosis detection program at a college counseling center, with a focus on the transition between stages with the highest disengagement. We detailed and compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of those who (1) completed the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B, N = 1588); (2) met the PQ-B cutoff score (n = 486); (3) were referred for secondary phone screening (n = 404); (4) completed secondary phone screening (n = 198); (5) completed a Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) eligibility assessment (n = 51); and (6) were enrolled in CSC (n = 21). Education level and gender identity were associated with engagement at multiple stages of the early detection cascade. Graduate education level, transgender or gender diverse gender identity, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms predicted student follow-through with referral to secondary phone screenings.