bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial communities of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes differ between crop and midgut tissues
Authors: Martinez Villegas Luis E. , Radl James , Dimopoulos George , Short Sarah M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrobiota studies of Aedes aegypti and other mosquitoes generally focus on the bacterial communities found in adult female midguts. However, other compartments of the digestive tract maintain communities of bacteria which remain almost entirely unstudied. For example, the Dipteran crop stores nectar and other sugars, but few studies have looked at the microbiome of crops in mosquitoes, and only a single previous study has investigated the crop in Ae. aegypti. In this study, we used both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to compare the bacterial communities in midguts and crops of laboratory-reared Ae. aegypti. Both methods revealed a trend towards higher abundance, but also higher variability, of bacteria in the midgut than the crop. When present, bacteria from the genus Elizabethkingia (family Weeksellaceae) dominated midgut bacterial communities. In crops, we found a higher diversity of bacteria, and these communities were generally dominated by acetic acid bacteria (family Acetobacteriaceae) from the genera Tanticharoenia and Asaia. These three taxa drove significant community structure differences between the tissues. We used FAPROTAX to predict the metabolic functions of these communities and found that crop bacterial communities were significantly more likely to contain bacteria capable of methanol oxidation and methylotrophy. Both the presence of acetic acid bacteria (which commonly catabolize sugar to produce acetic acid) and the functional profile that includes methanol oxidation (which is correlated with bacteria found with natural sources like nectar) may relate to the presence of sugar in the crop. A better understanding of what bacteria are present in the digestive tract of mosquitoes and how these communities assemble will inform how the microbiota impacts mosquito physiology and the full spectrum of functions provided by the microbiota. It may also facilitate better methods of engineering the mosquito microbiome for vector control or prevention of disease transmission.Author summaryBacteria inside mosquitoes’ guts have been found to have an impact on mosquito life history traits (such as longevity and fecundity) as well as their susceptibility to infection by human pathogens. Engineering these communities may provide an effective and safe way to control mosquitoes and reduce the impact of the pathogens they spread. In this work, we assayed the bacteria found in midgut and crop tissues of a medically important mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Our results show that these tissues harbor communities of bacteria that differ in composition and function and vary in abundance. Experiments like ours are important to better understand where bacteria are found in an insect’s body and how these communities assemble. This knowledge may help future researchers more successfully engineer bacterial communities in mosquitoes.
Generation of a newAdar1p150-/-mouse demonstrates isoform-specific roles in embryonic development and adult homeostasis
Authors: Liang Zhen , Walkley Carl R , Heraud-Farlow Jacki E 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe RNA editing enzyme Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) is an essential regulator of innate immune activation by both cellular and viral dsRNA. Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) editing by ADAR1 modifies the sequence and structure of endogenous dsRNA and masks it from the cytoplasmic dsRNA sensor melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), preventing innate immune activation. Loss of function mutations inADARare associated with rare autoinflammatory disorders including Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome (AGS), defined by a constitutive systemic upregulation of type I interferon (IFN). The murineAdargene encodes two protein isoforms with distinct functions: ADAR1p110 is constitutively expressed and localizes to the nucleus, whereas ADAR1p150 is primarily cytoplasmic and is inducible by IFN. Recent studies have demonstrated the critical requirement for ADAR1p150 to suppress innate immune activation by self dsRNAs, however, detailedin vivocharacterization of the role of ADAR1p150 during development and in adult mice is lacking. We developed a new ADAR1p150-specific knockout mouse mutant based on a single nucleotide deletion that resulted in the loss of the ADARp150 protein without affecting ADAR1p110 expression. TheAdar1p150-/-died embryonically at E11.5-E12.5 due to cell death in the fetal liver accompanied by an activated IFN response. Somatic loss of ADAR1p150 in adults was lethal and caused rapid hematopoietic failure, demonstrating an ongoing requirement for ADAR1p150in vivo. The generation and characterization of this mouse model demonstrates the essential role of ADAR1p150in vivoand provides a new tool for dissecting the functional differences between ADAR1 isoforms and their physiological contributions.
Molecular regulation of GPCR-G-protein-governed PIP3 generation and its adaptation
Authors: Wijayaratna Dhanushan , Ratnayake Kasun , Ubeysinghe Sithurandi , Kankanamge Dinesh , Tennakoon Mithila , Karunarathne Ajith 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphate (PIP3) is a plasma membrane-bound signaling phospholipid involved in many cellular signaling pathways that control crucial cellular processes and behaviors, including cytoskeleton remodeling, metabolism, chemotaxis, and apoptosis. Therefore, defective PIP3 signaling is implicated in various disease driving processes, including cancer metastasis, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Upon activation by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2), generating PIP3. Interestingly, though the mechanisms are unclear, PIP3 produced upon GPCR activation attenuates within minutes, indicating a tight temporal regulation. Our data show the subcellular redistributions of G proteins govern this PIP3 attenuation in the presence of sustained receptor stimulation, and thus meet the definition of signaling adaptation. Interestingly the observed adaptation of PIP3 was Gγ subtype-dependent. Considering distinct cell-tissue-specific Gγ expression profiles, our findings not only demonstrate how the GPCR-induced PIP3 response is adapted but also show how diversely this adaptation process is regulated by the dominant Gγs of a cell.
Determinants influencing customers’ acceptance of smart restaurants in Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Abhari Sara , Jalali Alireza , Jaafar Mastura 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis study investigated the linkage between customers’ acceptance (CA) level and smart service competencies in the food sector across Penang, Malaysia. This research aims to develop a vision of how smart technology may transform the business model in hospitality industry to create value.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the level of CA of the smart restaurant is proposed as the dependent variable, while the perceived security (PS), perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived enjoyment (PE) are proposed as independent variables (IVs). The quantitative approach and simple random sampling method were adopted in this study. Data were collected from 150 respondents by distributing 225 survey questionnaires to restaurant customers across Penang, Malaysia. The data were analysed by the reliability test, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 23.0 softwareFindingsThe study outcomes indicated that PE and PEOU emerged as the most significant predictors for CA of smart services in restuarants in Penang. The smart services provide customers to experience enjoyable dining services with accurate and user-friendly service delivery.Originality/valueThis study may serve as a guideline for food and beverage (F&B) business owners and restaurant operators with an industrial standard to adopt smart services in restaurants and their progression to develop the intention to use such a novel technology. This research is one of the few attempts that have looked into the influences of hedonic, comfortable and security value on customers’ acceptance level of smart restaurant services.
The e-WOM intention of artificial intelligence (AI) color cosmetics among Chinese social media influencers
Authors: Simay Attila Endre , Wei Yuling , Gyulavári Tamás , Syahrivar Jhanghiz , Gaczek Piotr , Hofmeister-Tóth Ágnes 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe recent advancements in smartphone technology and social media platforms have increased the popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) color cosmetics. Meanwhile, China is a lucrative market for various foreign beauty products and technological innovations. This research aims to investigate the adoption of AI color cosmetics applications and their electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) intention among Chinese social media influencers. Several key concepts have been proposed in this research, namely body esteem, price sensitivity, social media addiction and actual purchase.Design/methodology/approachAn online questionnaire design was used in this research. A combination of purposive sampling and snowball sampling of AI color cosmetics users who are also social media influencers in China yields 221 respondents. To analyze the data, this research employs Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method via SPSS and AMOS software. A 2-step approach, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), is implemented to prove the hypotheses and generate the results.Findings1) Social media addiction is a positive predictor of AI color cosmetics usage, (2) AI color cosmetics usage is a positive predictor of actual purchase, (3) actual purchase is a positive predictor of e-WOM intention and lastly, (4) there is a full mediation effect of actual purchase.Originality/valueThis research draws on the uses and gratification (U&G) theory to investigate how specific user characteristics affect Chinese social media influencers' adoption of AI color cosmetics, as well as how this may affect their decision to purchase branded color cosmetics and their e-WOM.
Analysis of a forced blended-learning program in social sciences higher education during the COVID-19 post-pandemic
Authors: Gómez Cosme Jesús , Hinojo-Lucena Francisco Javier , Moreno-Vera Juan Ramón , Alonso-Garcia Santiago 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe main goal of this investigation is to analyze the implementation of a forced blended-learning program in social sciences higher education in a post-pandemic COVID-19 context. To reach that target, the authors suggest two specific objectives (S.O.): S.O.1 To analyze the motivation, the resources and the learning effectiveness of the program. S.O.2 To establish the differences emerged between the participants.Design/methodology/approachThe blended-learning program selected was based on the flipped-classroom model (Krasulia, 2017). The implementation consisted of a 20-min flipped classroom to flexibly follow the theoretical contents through self-elaborated videos uploaded on YouTube and adapted to all kinds of devices, two online theoretical hours driven by the teacher on the Zoom application per week with the whole group to augment explanations and solve doubts and two hours of face-to-face interaction to work cooperatively in small groups of 4–5 students per week. During these practical lessons, the students completed exercises, research reports, oral presentations and a gamification quiz developed each week through the Socrative application to keep the students engaged.FindingsAll the participants agree in very positively valuating the small-group seminars and the teacher's role in the process. This is surely caused because of the pandemic fatigue and the restrictions (Mali and Lim, 2021) that were running during the fall semester of year 2020/2021 when in Spain lived the in-between of the second and third wave of SARS-CoV2. So, as educators and investigators, the authors encourage teachers to incorporate face-to-face interaction elements in forced blended-learning programs, to include seminars in small groups to work cooperatively and to provide the students support and a quick resolution of doubts.Originality/valueThis study provides a significant value in support of a number of studies cited in the study. The study highlights the need for a standardised application of active methods in a standardised way.
Refugee women's entrepreneurship: where from and where to next?
Authors: Al-Dajani Haya 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis reflective paper offers an overview on how refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship evolved, and suggests research directions for the future development of the field.Design/methodology/approachA reflective approach encompassing the evolvement of the field of refugee women's entrepreneurship research.FindingsWhilst refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship and research, and its interlinks with resilience, empowerment, gender, and livelihoods theoretical framings have flourished in recent years, it remains a relatively young scholarship area, evolving from a broad social science multi-disciplinary base including refugee studies, economics, and development, rather than mainstream business disciplines.Originality/valueRefugee women's entrepreneurship offers a novel approach and contribution to the broader and established gender and entrepreneurship field. Nevertheless, critical research questions and gaps remain within the growing refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship regarding the potential of entrepreneuring to empower refugee women socially, economically, and politically.
Were we prepared to face a pandemic? Exploring companies' CSR disclosure on social media before COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Iazzi Antonio , Ligorio Lorenzo , Iaia Lea 
Published: August 2022

PurposeA model on the cognitive elements of engagement is adopted and content analysis, along with sentiment analysis, has been used to explore the post characteristics and the levels of stakeholders' interactions in controversial and non-controversial European industries through three Poisson regressions. At last, an ANOVA test has been used to check the level of interaction regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related aspects.Design/methodology/approachThe intrinsic characteristics of controversial industries cause the stakeholders’ skepticism about their corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies. This results in the need to elaborate proper involvement strategies to approach industries' stakeholders. Such need has assumed relevance during the COVID-19 crisis and has traced a certain border between the companies that are more sensitive to the social side of the surrounding environment and the ones that are less involved in risky sectors. The present paper aims to understand the role of social media in stakeholder engagement, and social media's characteristics, and tries to elaborate on companies' CSR communication readiness to the challenges shown by the pandemic.FindingsThe study reveals how the success of stakeholder engagement in CSR communication is affected by both controversial sector membership and the characteristics of the posts such as the inclusion of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). In addition, the study emerges how the European companies have focused on social aspects in companies' communication, revealing a certain readiness for the COVID-19 challenges.Practical implicationsBuilding on a model of cognitive elements of engagement, the present study provides useful insights for companies' next engagement strategies on social media. Moreover, the thematic analysis provides a benchmark for the improvement of current corporations' communication strategies in light of the pandemic effects.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by investigating the role of Twitter as a stakeholder engagement tool and identifies the drivers for an effective Twitter content strategy. Moreover, the paper provides a useful proxy for current and future research on the COVID-19-related CSR communication.
Changing leadership, management and culture in mental health trusts
Authors: Konteh Frederick Hassan , Mannion Russell , Jacobs Rowena 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to explore how leadership, management practices and organisational cultures have changed in low and high-performing mental health (MH) providers between 2015 and 2020 in the English National Health Service.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a qualitative case study design comprising a purposeful sample of two low-performing and two high-performing MH providers, based on semi-structured interviews with 60 key informants (mostly internal to the organisation with some external informants from local Clinical Commissioning Groups).

Findings
The authors found major differences regarding leadership, management and organisational culture between low and high performing MH providers in 2015/2016, and that the differences had diminished considerably by 2019/20. In 2015/16, low performing providers were characterised by a “top-down” style of leadership, centralised decision-making and “blame cultures”. In contrast, the high performing providers were characterised as having more distributed, collaborative and inclusive styles of leadership/management, with open and supportive cultures. As the low performing providers changed and adapted their styles of leadership and management and organisational culture over the five-year period, they more closely resembled those of the high performing trusts.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the relationship between changing organisational factors and the performance of MH care providers. It provides evidence that it is possible for radical changes in leadership, management and organisational culture to be enacted over a relatively short period of time and that such changes may help low performing providers to turnaround their underperformance.
Elastic reverse time migration method in vertical transversely isotropic media including surface topography
Authors: Zhong Yu , Gu Hanming , Liu Yangting , Luo Xia , Mao Qinghui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompared with acoustic seismic data, multi‐wave and multi‐component seismic data can offer some special media properties. Elastic reverse time migration is a high‐precision migration method to image multi‐wave and multi‐component seismic data. Anisotropy widely exists in the earth, and it is important to take anisotropy into account and correct the anisotropy effect for obtaining high‐quality image results during migration. However, accurate elastic reverse time migration in anisotropic media is still a challenging task, particularly for areas with irregular surface topography. To resolve these issues, a new elastic reverse time migration method is developed to correct the anisotropy effect in vertical transversely isotropic media with surface topography. We first use the modified pseudo‐acoustic wave equations of vertical transversely isotropic media to assist the elastic wavefield separation in vertical transversely isotropic media for suppressing the crosstalk artefacts between different wave modes and further generating high‐quality images. We then use a topography‐related filter to remove the influence of surface topography on the migration results of elastic reverse time migration. The advantage of the proposed topography‐related filter is that we do not need to make any changes to the conventional finite‐difference method based on regular grids but can calculate the wavefield in the areas with irregular surface topography efficiently. The synthetic examples with different surface topographies models demonstrate that our proposed elastic reverse time migration method can correct the anisotropy effect effectively, remove the influence of surface topography on elastic reverse time migration results, and generate high‐quality images.
Hsa_circ_0001204 modulates inflammatory response of macrophages infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis via TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway
Authors: Ma Xiaoqing , Wang Fang , Zhen Libo , Cai Qingshan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play a vital role in the regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) by macrophages. In this project, the potential role of hsa_circ_0001204 in M.tb‐infected macrophages is explored. Hsa_circ_0001204 was determined in the patients with tuberculosis (TB) and M.tb‐infected macrophages. Its effect on the survival of M.tb and the apoptosis and inflammation of M.tb‐infected macrophages was evaluated. Toll‐like receptor 4/nuclear factor‐κB (TLR4/NF‐κB) signalling was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. TB patients and M.tb‐infected THP‐1 cells showed the significant downregulation of hsa_circ_0001204. Upregulating hsa_circ_0001204 reduced M.tb survival and suppressed the apoptosis and inflammatory response of THP‐1 cells. The TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway could be inhibited by hsa_circ_0001204 overexpression, which was activated by M.tb‐infection. Hsa_circ_0001204 confers protective effects in M.tb‐infected THP‐1 cells, at least partly via the inhibition of TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway.
COVID‐19 and democratic resilience
Authors: Youngs Richard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 experience has sharpened debates about democracy's future worldwide. In reflecting on these debates, this paper does three things. First, it assesses how resilient democracy has been in the COVID‐19 emergency. Second, it examines the effect the pandemic has had on the pre‐existing trends in democratic politics. And third, it suggests ways in which the COVID‐19 crisis both requires and possibly opens the door to democratic rejuvenation.
Esophagobronchial fistula successfully managed with a self‐expandable metallic stent followed by fixation using a silicon Y stent
Authors: Ohtsuka Takashi , Kato Daiki , Tsukamoto Yo , Shibazaki Takamasa , Nakada Takeo , Yabe Mitsuo , Hirano Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEsophagobronchial fistula (EBF) formation is a severe complication of advanced thoracic malignancies, that affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients. This study reports the case of an 80‐year‐old man with advanced esophageal cancer, complicated by EBF formation in the left main bronchus proximal to the carina following chemoradiation therapy. A fully covered stent was placed in the left main bronchus but was dislocated on the oral side. The attempt to place a partially covered self‐expandable metallic stent (SEMS) also failed due to stent dislocation on the oral side. To avoid stent dislocation, a partially covered SEMS with a length of 40 mm and a diameter of 16 mm was placed to cover the EBF in the left main bronchus. Then, a silicone Y stent (16 × 13 × 13 mm in outer diameter) was inserted to support the SEMS from the inside. After placing the SEMS and Y stent, the position of the SEMS was stabilized. The patient remained stable with adequate oral intake.