bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Age-Related Variations Of Sagittal Alignment Rely On SpinoPelvic Organization? An Observational Study Of 1540 Subjects
Authors: Prost Solène , Blondel Benjamin , Bauduin Eloïse , Pesenti Sébastien , Ilharreborde Brice , Laouissat Féthi , Riouallon Guillaume , Wolff Stéphane , Challier Vincent , Obeid Ibrahim , Boissière Louis , Ferrero Emmanuelle , Solla Federico , Le Huec Jean-Charles , Bourret Stéphane , Faddoul Joe , Abi Lahoud Georges Naïm , Fière Vincent , Vande Kerckhove Michiel , Campana Matthieu , Lebhar Jonathan , Giorgi Hadrien , Faure Aymeric , Sauleau Erik A. , Charles Yann Philippe ,   The French Spine Surgery Society (SFCR)
Published: February 2022

Study design Descriptive radiographic analysis of a prospective multi-center database. Objective This study aims to provide normative values of spinopelvic parameters and their correlations according to age and pelvic incidence (PI) of subjects without spinal deformity. Methods After Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, 1540 full spine radiographs were analyzed. Subjects were divided into 3 groups of PI: low PI < 45°, intermediate PI 45–60°, high PI > 60°, and then stratified by age (20–34, 35–49, 50–64, > 65 Y.O). Pelvic and spinal parameters were measured. Statistical analysis between parameters was performed using Bayesian inference and correlation. Results Mean age was 53.5 years (845 females, 695 males, range 20–93 years). In low PI group, lumbar lordosis (LL) decrease was mainly observed in the 2 younger age groups. In medium and high PI groups, loss of lordosis was linear during aging and occurred mainly on the distal arch of lordosis. Moderate PI group had a stable lordosis apex and thoracolumbar inflection point. High PI group had a stable thoracolumbar inflection point and a more distal lordosis apex in elderly subjects. For all subjects, kyphosis and pelvic tilt (PT) increased with age. There was a constant chain of correlation between PI and age groups. Proximal lumbar lordosis (PLL) was correlated with kyphosis and sagittal vertical axis (SVA C7), while the distal lumbar lordosis (DLL) was correlated with PI and PT. Conclusion This study provides a detailed repository of sagittal spinopelvic parameters normative values with detailed analysis of segmental kyphosis and lordosis distribution according to gender, age, and PI.
Aquatic toxicity integrated testing and assessment strategies (ITS) for difficult substances: case study with thiochemicals
Authors: Nendza Monika , Ahlers Jan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
An Integrated Testing and Assessment Strategy (ITS) for aquatic toxicity of 16 thiochemicals to be registered under REACH revealed 12 data gaps, which had to be filled by experimental data. These test results are now available and offer the unique opportunity to subject previous estimates obtained by read-across (analogue and category approaches) to an external validation. The case study thiochemicals are so-called difficult substances due to instability and poor water solubility, challenging established ITS.

Results
The new experimental data confirm the previous predictions of acute aquatic toxicity with the new test results indicating a 2–5 times lower toxicity than previously predicted. The previous predictions thus are conservative and close to the new experimental results. The good agreement can be attributed to the fact that we had limited the extrapolations to narrow chemical groups with similar SH-group reactivities. The new experimental data further strengthen and externally validate the existing trends based on similarity in chemical structures, mode of action (MoA), water solubility and stability of source and target compounds in aquatic media. Based on the new experimental data, reliable revised PNECs could be derived and the REACH requirements for these thiochemicals are largely fulfilled. Appropriately adapted ITS are therefore able to reduce in vivo tests with fish even for difficult substances and replace them with alternative information.

Conclusions
Both experimental and alternative information for difficult substances such as thiochemicals that are rapidly transformed in water are subject to considerable uncertainty. For example, the use of either nominal, initial or time-weighted average concentrations contributes to the variability of aquatic toxicity data. In the case of these thiochemicals, a weight-of-evidence (WoE) approach to determining aquatic toxicity based on nominal and time-weighted average concentrations may be the most appropriate choice to reflect environmental conditions. Overall, uncertainties in historical test results and alternative information, here from read-across, have to be considered in relation to how much uncertainty is acceptable for environmental protection on the one hand and how much certainty is technically feasible on the other.
Response of anthocyanin biosynthesis to light by strand-specific transcriptome and miRNA analysis in Capsicum annuum
Authors: Zhou Yan , Mumtaz Muhammad Ali , Zhang Yonghao , Yang Zhuang , Hao Yuanyuan , Shu Huangying , Zhu Jie , Bao Wenlong , Cheng Shanhan , Zhu Guopeng , Wang Zhiwei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Anthocyanins have distinct biological functions in plant coloring, plant defense against strong light, UV irradiation, and pathogen infection. Aromatic hydroxyl groups and ortho-dihydroxyl groups in anthocyanins are able to inhibit free-radical chain reactions and hydroxyl radicals. Thus, anthocyanins play an antioxidative role by removing various types of ROS. Pepper is one of the solanaceous vegetables with the largest cultivation area in China. The purple-fruited pepper is rich in anthocyanins, which not only increases the ornamental nature of the pepper fruit but also benefits the human body. In this experiment, light-induced regulatory pathways and related specific regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis were examined through integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis.

Results
Results revealed that delphinium 3-O-glucoside significantly accumulated in light exposed surface of pepper fruit after 48 h as compared to shaded surface. Furthermore, through strand-specific sequencing technology, 1341 differentially expressed genes, 172 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 8 differentially expressed circRNAs, and 28 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified significantly different among both surfaces. The flavonoid synthesis pathway was significantly enriched by KEGG analysis including SHT (XM_016684802.1), AT-like (XM_016704776.1), CCoAOMT (XM_016698340.1, XM_016698341.1), CHI (XM_016697794.1, XM_016697793.1), CHS2 (XM_016718139.1), CHS1B (XM_016710598.1), CYP98A2-like (XM_016688489.1), DFR (XM_016705224.1), F3’5’H (XM_016693437.1), F3H (XM_016705025.1), F3’M (XM_016707872.1), LDOX (XM_016712446.1), TCM (XM_016722116.1) and TCM-like (XM_016722117.1). Most of these significantly enriched flavonoid synthesis pathway genes may be also regulated by lncRNA. Some differentially expressed genes encoding transcription factors were also identified including MYB4-like (XM_016725242.1), MYB113-like (XM_016689220.1), MYB308-like (XM_016696983.1, XM_016702244.1), and EGL1 (XM_016711673.1). Three ‘lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA’ regulatory networks with sly-miR5303, stu-miR5303g, stu-miR7997a, and stu-miR7997c were constructed, including 28 differentially expressed mRNAs and 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs.

Conclusion
Possible light regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport genes were identified by transcriptome analysis, and confirmed by qRT-PCR. These results provide important data for further understanding of the anthocyanin metabolism in response to light in pepper.
Comparison of structural variants in the whole genome sequences of two Medicago truncatula ecotypes: Jemalong A17 and R108
Authors: Li Ao , Liu Ai , Wu Shuang , Qu Kunjing , Hu Hongyin , Yang Jinli , Shrestha Nawal , Liu Jianquan , Ren Guangpeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Structural variants (SVs) constitute a large proportion of the genomic variation that results in phenotypic variation in plants. However, they are still a largely unexplored feature in most plant genomes. Here, we present the whole-genome landscape of SVs between two model legume Medicago truncatula ecotypes–Jemalong A17 and R108– that have been extensively used in various legume biology studies.

Results
To catalogue SVs, we first resolved the previously published R108 genome assembly (R108 v1.0) to chromosome-scale using 124 × Hi-C data, resulting in a high-quality genome assembly. The inter-chromosomal reciprocal translocations between chromosomes 4 and 8 were confirmed by performing syntenic analysis between the two genomes. Combined with the Hi-C data, it appears that these translocation events had a significant effect on chromatin organization. Using both whole-genome and short-read alignments, we identified the genomic landscape of SVs between the two genomes, some of which may account for several phenotypic differences, including their differential responses to aluminum toxicity and iron deficiency, and the development of different anthocyanin leaf markings. We also found extensive SVs within the nodule-specific cysteine-rich gene family which encodes antimicrobial peptides essential for terminal bacteroid differentiation during nitrogen-fixing symbiosis.

Conclusions
Our results provide a near-complete R108 genome assembly and the first genomic landscape of SVs obtained by comparing two M. truncatula ecotypes. This may provide valuable genomic resources for the functional and molecular research of legume biology in the future.
Feasibility of performance-based and self-reported outcomes in self-managed falls prevention exercise interventions for independent older adults living in the community
Authors: Mansson Linda , Pettersson Beatrice , Rosendahl Erik , Skelton Dawn A. , Lundin-Olsson Lillemor , Sandlund Marlene 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about associations between performance-based measurements and self-reported scales, nor about ceiling effects or sensitivity to change to evaluate effects in the target population for self-managed exercise interventions. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using performance-based outcomes for gait speed, functional leg strength and balance, and self-reported outcomes of falls-efficacy and functional ability in two self-managed falls prevention exercise interventions for community dwelling older adults.

Methods
Independent living, community-dwelling older adults (n = 67) exercised with one of two self-managed falls prevention exercise programmes, a digital programme (DP) or a paper booklet (PB) in a 4-month participant preference trial. Pre- and post-assessments, by blinded assessors, included Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and 30s Chair stand test (30s CST). Participants completed self-reported questionnaires: Activities-specific and Balance Confidence scale (ABC), Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES), Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument Function Component (LLFDI-FC). In addition, improvement in balance and leg strength was also self-rated at post-assessment. Participants’ mean age was 76 ± 4 years and 72% were women.

Results
Ceiling effects were evident for the balance sub-component of the SPPB, and also indicated for ABC and Icon-FES in this high functioning population. In SPPB, gait speed, 30s CST, and LLFDI-FC, 21–56% of participants did not change their scores beyond the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID). At pre-assessment all performance-based tests correlated significantly with the self-reported scales, however, no such significant correlations were seen with change-scores. Improvement of performance-based functional leg strength with substantial effect sizes and significant correlations with self-reported exercise time was shown. There were no differences in outcomes between the exercise programmes except that DP users reported improved change of leg strength to a higher degree than PB users.

Conclusion
The LLFDI-FC and sit-to-stand tests were feasible and sensitive to change in this specific population. The balance sub-component of SPPB and self-reported measures ABC and Icon-FES indicated ceiling effects and might not be suitable as outcome measures for use in a high functioning older population. Development and evaluation of new outcome measures are needed for self-managed fall-preventive interventions with high functioning community-dwelling older adults.
Exploration of the correlation between intestinal flora and Escherichia coli peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis
Authors: Zhou Jun , Yang Cuishun , Lei Wenjuan , Yang Zhen , Chen Jianmei , Lin Hua , Li Qingtian , Yuan Wanqiong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Escherichia coli peritonitis (EP) is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Gut microbiota alterations occur in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The relationship between the gut microbiota and PD-related peritonitis is still poorly understood. It is unclear whether the intestinal flora is involved in the pathogenesis of EP.

Methods
We collected fecal samples from EP patients and normal group (NG) PD patients. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota of EP and NG patients. The demographic data and clinical indicators of all patients were collected.

Results
Six EP patients and 28 NG patients were recruited for this study. The analysis of fecal community diversity with 16S rDNA sequencing showed an obvious change in the microbial structure of EP patients, where Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes were upregulated at different levels, while Bacilli and Lactobacillus were downregulated at different levels compared to the NG group. Additionally, decreased gene function associated with metabolic pathways was observed in EP patients.

Conclusions
The altered composition of the gut microbiota in EP patients provided deeper insights into the pathogenesis of EP, and these biomarkers might be established as potential therapeutic targets that deserve further exploration.
Decadal change in the association between the status of young mother’s Body Mass Index and anaemia with child low birth weight in India
Authors: Banerjee Anuja , Sen Soumendu , Khan Junaid , Pal Manoranjan , Bharati Premananda 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The study aims to investigate the changes in the socio-economic and demographic status of young mothers of age 15–24 years and to examine the association between mothers’ nutrition, i.e., Body Mass Index (BMI) and anaemia with child low birth weight for almost two decades during 1998–2016 in India.

Methods
National Family Health Survey (NFHS) round II and IV were used. The sample of this study included 3405 currently married young mothers from NFHS II and 44,742 from NFHS IV who gave birth at least one child in the last three years preceding the surveys. Logistic regression and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis have been used in this study to examine the corresponding association between the concerned variables.

Results
The analysis showed that the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) babies has decreased from 26.1 to 22.8 for the 15 to 19 age group and from 20.4 to 18.7 for the 20 to 24 age group over time. Young mothers with low BMI or severe anaemia have shown higher odds of having LBW babies. For instance, the odds of having a LBW child was 1.44 (p-value = 0.000; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.65) for mothers with low BMI and 1.55 (p-value = 0.000; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.90) with severe anaemia. Over the decade, the association of LBW babies with mothers’ nutrition has decreased. The odds of LBW with mothers with low BMI decreased from 1.63 (p-value = 0.004; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.21) to 1.41 (p-value = 0.000; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.55). Similarly, mothers with severe anaemia, the odds of LBW child decreased from 2.6 (p-value = 0.000; 95% CI: 1.75, 3.8) in 1998 to 1.3 (p-value = 0.024; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.65) in 2016.

Conclusions
The maternal and child health improvement in India has been moderate over the decade. Still, a significant proportion of the women are suffering from poor health and young mothers are at more risk to deliver LBW babies. It is highly recommended to integrate maternal and child health programmes with the ongoing health policies to improve the situation while taking additional care of the young pregnant mother and their nutritional health.
Effectiveness of educational intervention on breast cancer knowledge and breast self-examination among female university students in Bangladesh: a pre-post quasi-experimental study
Authors: Sarker Rumpa , Islam Md. Saiful , Moonajilin Mst. Sabrina , Rahman Mahmudur , Gesesew Hailay Abrha , Ward Paul R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is a global health issue and a leading cause of death among women. Early detection through increased awareness and knowledge on breast cancer and breast cancer screening is thus crucial. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention program on breast cancer knowledge and the practice of breast self-examination among young female students of a university in Bangladesh.MethodsA quasi-experimental (pre-post) study design was conducted at Jahangirnagar University in Bangladesh. Educational information on breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE), demonstration of BSE procedure and leaflets were distributed among 400 female students after obtaining written informed consent. The stepwise procedures of BSE performance were demonstrated with images. Pre-intervention and 15 days post-intervention assessments were conducted to assess the changes in knowledge on breast cancer and practices of BSE. Mc-Nemar’s tests and paired sampledt-tests were performed to investigate the differences between pre- and post-test stages.ResultsA total of 400 female university students aged 18-26 years were included in the sample. Significant changes were found in knowledge and awareness about breast cancer and BSE practices after the educational intervention. The significant differences were measured in the mean scores of pre-test vs. post-test: breast cancer symptoms (2.99 ± 1.05 vs. 6.35 ± 1.15;p < 0.001), risk factors (3.35 ± 1.19 vs. 7.56 ± 1.04;p < 0.001), treatment (1.79 ± 0.90 vs. 4.63 ± 0.84;p < 0.001), prevention (3.82 ± 1.32 vs. 7.14 ± 1.03;p < 0.001), screening of breast cancer (1.82 ± 0.55 vs. 3.98 ± 0.71;p < 0.001) and process of BSE (1.57 ± 1.86 vs. 3.94 ± 0.93;p < 0.001). Likewise, a significant percentage of change in BSE practices was obtained between pre-test and post-test (21.3% vs. 33.8%;p < 0.001).ConclusionsStudy findings confirm that the study population had inadequate awareness and knowledge at baseline which was improved significantly after educational intervention. A nationwide roll-out with community-based interventions is recommended for the female population in both rural and urban areas.
The role of lipopolysaccharides in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Qin Xinran , Zou Haidong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of DM and the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population of the Western world. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is an essential ingredient of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, which induces systemic inflammatory responses and cellular apoptotic changes in the host. High-level serum LPS has been found in diabetic patients at the advanced stages, which is mainly due to gut leakage and dysbiosis. In this light, increasing evidence points to a strong correlation between systemic LPS challenge and the progression of DR. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet, LPS-related pathobiological events in the retina may contribute to the exacerbation of vasculopathy and neurodegeneration in DR. In this review, we focus on the involvement of LPS in the progression of DR, with emphasis on the blood-retina barrier dysfunction and dysregulated glial activation. Eventually, we summarize the recent advances in the therapeutic strategies for antagonising LPS activity, which may be introduced to DR treatment with promising clinical value.
Health-related quality of life profile of Indonesian children and its determinants: a community-based study
Authors: Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Indraswari Braghmandita Widya , Rozanti Nisrina Maulida , Sabilatuttaqiyya Zena , Wahab Abdul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its determinants in children may provide a comprehensive view of child health. The study aimed to assess the HRQOL in Indonesian children and its determinants.

Methods
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study in the Sleman District of Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia, from August to November 2019. We recruited children aged 2 to 18 years old using the Sleman Health and Demography Surveillance System sample frame. We used the validated Indonesian version of Pediatric Quality of life Inventory™ (Peds QL™) 4.0 Generic core scale, proxy-reports, and self-reports, to assess the HRQOL.

Results
We recruited 633 proxies and 531 children aged 2–18 years. The mean total score of self-report and proxy-report were 89.9+ 8.5 and 93.3 + 6.4. There was a fair to moderate correlation between self-reports and proxy-reports, with intra-class correlation ranging from 0.34 to 0.47, all p < 0.001. Half of the children (49.4% from proxy-report and 50.1% from self-report) reported having acute illness during the last month. Based on proxy-reports, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated lower HRQOL for children with acute health problems, younger age, history of low birth weight, abnormal delivery, lower fathers’ educational level, and government-paid insurance for low-income families.

Conclusion
Sociodemographic determinants of a child’s HRQOL, acute health problems, and low birth weight were associated with lower HRQOL in the general pediatric population. In low- and middle-income countries where acute infections and low birth weight are still prevalent, its prevention and appropriate interventions should improve child health.