bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REGEN-COV antibody cocktail (casirivimab/imdevimab) for the treatment of inpatients with early hospital-acquired COVID-19: a single center experience
Authors: Faraone Antonio , Fabbrizzi Francesca , Picchioni Tommaso , Lovicu Elena , Tofani Lorenzo , Scocchera Giulia , Forte Aldo Lo , Crociani Andrea , Carrai Paolo , Sbaragli Serena , Bettucchi Michael , Fortini Alberto 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inpatients with hospital-acquired (HA) COVID-19 have mortality rates above 30%. Subjects with early diagnosis of COVID-19 and risk factors for disease progression are suitable for treatment with anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We retrospectively assessed the outcome of a cohort of hospitalized patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial infection who were admitted to the COVID-19 general ward of an acute-care Italian hospital between October 25, 2020 and April 30, 2021. Patients receiving the REGEN-COV mAb cocktail (casirivimab/imdevimab) were compared with those receiving standard care. Of 34 patients, 11 (mean age, 73.1; 9 males) underwent treatment with REGEN-COV and 23 received standard care. The 2 study groups were well balanced regarding age, sex, comorbidities, acute illness severity at diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and all participants had at least 2 risk factors for disease progression. Five of 11 patients in the REGEN-COV group and 16 of 23 in the standard care group were asymptomatic at diagnosis; the remaining had symptoms of mild COVID-19. All patients received REGEN-COV within 3 days of infection confirmation. Treatment with REGEN-COV was inversely associated with oxygen requirement for COVID-19 during hospital stay (OR 0.02, CI 0–0.52, p=0.0174). No 28-day deaths were registered in the REGEN-COV group, compared to 8 (34.8%) in the standard care group (p=0.0339). Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed the survival advantage of REGEN-COV group (log-rank p=0.00324). No serious adverse events related to REGEN-COV administration were recorded. Based on these findings, REGEN-COV appears safe and might prevent disease progression in high-risk inpatients with early diagnosis of HA-COVID-19.
Suggesting time frequency representation of the obtained reaction time of the consecutive tasks in a driving simulator for determining the rate of change of brain’s frequency
Authors: Rajdeep Prashant , Patel Lajja , CD Steffy , Panchal Preeti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective – Suggesting an approach to determine the rate of change of brain’s frequency (ROCOF).Background – Reaction time (RT) is mostly well estimated in any driving simulator, especially the visual reaction time. However, an appropriate representation of RT in a driving simulator can help determine the changes in brain’s frequency. Method – We propose, use a driving simulator which can efficiently measure and record the participant’s reaction times for the rapidly successive tasks in a simulator. A reciprocal presentation of each RT can be used as the brain’s frequency for performing that task. Using this concept, a simulator software can calculate the brain’s frequencies for all the tasks. While its graphical representation over time can yield time frequency distribution (TFD). Results – Analysis of this time frequency representation (TDR) of RT may help to study the pattern of brain activity and to derive ROCOF, which can be used to classify the drivers.
Changing honey bee overwintering dynamics under warmer autumns and winters create new risks for pollination services.
Authors: Rajagopalan Kirti , DeGrandi-Hoffman Gloria , Pruett Matthew , Jones Vincent P. , Corby-Harris Vanessa , Pireaud Juien , Curry Robert , Hopkins Brandon , Northfield Tobin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pollinators are critical for food and nutritional security and face multiple stresses including climate change. Climate change research has mostly overlooked managed pollinators (honey bees) – in spite of them playing an outsized role in providing pollination services for agriculture – and focused on feral pollinator species range shifts and altered plant-pollinator interactions that affect forage availability. Impacts of warmer autumn temperatures have also received limited focus, even though they can have subtle but important effects on plants and animals. We highlight that warmer autumns and winters in higher latitudes result in expanded geographic areas with conditions conducive for late-season honey bee flight. Utilizing honey bee colony population dynamics model simulations, we demonstrate that this late-season flight alters the overwintering colony age structure, skews the population towards older bees, leading to greater risks of colony failure. Management interventions such as overwintering colonies in cold storage facilities will likely become a critical tool to reduce honey bee colony losses. There are critical gaps in our current understanding of winter management strategies to improve the survival of overwintering colonies, and it is imperative that we bridge this gap to sustain honey bees and the beekeeping industry and ensure food and nutritional security.
Shape Memory and Underwater Superelastic MOF@Cellulose Aerogels for Rapid and Large-capacity Adsorption of Metal Ions
Authors: Wang Meng , Shao Lupeng , Jia Mengying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cellulose aerogels (CA) have been used in widespread areas, such as absorbents, thermal insulation material and medical material. Herein, a robust strategy to fabricate cellulose aerogels by combining cellulose nanofibers with PVA “glue”. The CA not only had a robust chemical-bond cross-link network, but also had a strong H-bond, which enhanced underwater mechanical properties. Moreover, the compressible CA provided a large number of nucleation sites for the growth of Metal-organic frame (MOF) nanoparticles (ZIF-67 and ZIF-8) through interface self-assemble. The obtained aerogels with a low density of 9.8-11.2 mg cm -3 and highly porous of 99.4-99.5% possessed excellent mechanical properties both in air and underwater. The adsorption capacities of the MOF@CA for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ are up to 105.21 mg g -1 and 54.78 mg g -1 , respectively. The novel MOF@CA adsorbents with excellent mechanical properties display application prospects in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.
Assessing Acute Cardiac Inflammation One Month after Left-sided Breast Cancer Radiotherapy with Hybrid PET/MRI
Authors: Chau Oi Wai , Islam Ali , Lock Michael , Yu Edward , Dinniwell Robert , Yaremko Brian , Brackstone Muriel , Pavlosky William , Butler John , Biernaski Heather , Kovacs Michael , Graf Chantelle , Wisenberg Gerald , Prato Frank S , Gaede Stewart 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the utility of hybrid 18FDG-PET/MRI and serial blood work to detect early inflammatory response and cardiac functionality changes at one-month post-radiation therapy (RT) in patients with left-sided breast cancer.Methods: Fifteen left-sided breast cancer patients enrolled in the RICT-BREAST study underwent hybrid PET/MRI cardiac imaging at baseline and one-month after standard RT. Eleven patients received deep-inspiration breath-hold RT, while others received free-breathing RT. A list-mode 18FDG/PET scan with glucose suppression was acquired. Myocardial inflammation was quantified by the change of mean 18FDG standard uptake and analyzed based on the coronary vascular territory (left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex or right coronary artery).MR assessments, including LV functional and extracellular volume matrices (ECV), were extracted from T1 (pre and during-constant infusion of gadolinium) and cine images, respectively, acquired simultaneously during PET acquisition. Cardiac injury and inflammation biomarker measurements of hs-TnT, hs-CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were compared at the 1-month follow-up in this study.Results: At one-month follow-up, a significant increase (10%) of 18FDG/PET myocardial uptake (meanSUVbw) in LAD segments (p=0.04) and ECV in slices at the apex (6%) and base (5%) were detected (p≤0.02). Further, a significant reduction of LV stroke volume (-7%) was seen (p <0.02). No significant changes in all circulating biomarkers at follow-up were shown. Conclusions: 18FDG/PET myocardial uptake and functional MR, including SV and ECV were sensitive to changes at one-month after breast cancer RT with findings suggesting an acute cardiac inflammatory response which is an important cardiotoxicity surrogate to RT. The clinical pilot study (NCT03748030, November 16, 2018) was approved by the Western University Human Research Ethics Board (HSREB ID 112991), funded by Lawson Strategic Research Fund (R19-292).
Plasma Cytokine Expression as a Marker of Immunoadjuvant Strategy in HIV-infected Patients Undergoing Early or Delayed Antiretroviral Treatment
Authors: Li Chao , Sun Jianping , Wang Ni , Yan Ping , Wang Rui , Su Bin , Zhang Tong , Wu Hao , Chen Hui , Li Zhen , Huang Xiaojie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Currently, there is insufficient information on the impact of anti-HIV drugs on immune-inflammatory conditions at various stages of infection. Early initiation of antiretroviral treatment has been approved for better therapeutic effects. Understanding the effects of antiretroviral therapy on the immune function of HIV patients plays a crucial role in the selection and optimization of treatment regimens. Therefore, we analyzed multiple HIV-context situations to examine the levels of different cytokines under these conditions to determine the need for immunoadjuvant therapy.Methods: Luminex was used to measure variations in the levels of 45 cytokines during antiretroviral treatment of HIV. Plasma samples were collected from 15 patients in the early treatment group and 18 patients in the delayed treatment group (CD4 < 350 cell/mm3). Samples were drawn at 0, 24, 48, and 96 weeks, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the natural course of infection under normal conditions. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to describe the changes at each time point during antiretroviral therapy. The changes in the early and delayed treatments were verified using the Wilcoxon test. The results obtained after 96 weeks of treatment were compared to those obtained under normal conditions to confirm the curative effect. Spearman’s test was used to build cytokine networks for the identification of crucial cytokines that manipulate the HIV-related immune environment.Results: In our study, a few cytokines, such as TRAIL, fractalkine, and Fit-3 ligand, in the plasma were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), which finally returned to normal. Chronically high or low levels (consisting of 40 cytokines) were dominant, even after long-term antiretroviral therapy. Cytokine networks provide further insights into the activities and correlations of cytokines with each other. Th1/Th2 cells showed considerably reduced expression, whereas chemotactic factors or CSF exhibited high expression.Conclusions: The levels of various cytokines could not be restored to normal even after long-term antiretroviral therapy. Under exceptional circumstances, efficient measures should be implemented to establish a better immune environment. Precise regulation of the levels of these crucial cytokines may help further establish a benign prognosis and favorable therapeutic effects.
Genetic parameters for growth reproductive, carcass and meat quality in Polled Nellore Cattle
Authors: Mamede Mariana Márcia dos Santos , Rosa Guilherme Jordão de Magalhães , Eifert Eduardo da Costa , Lopes Fernando Brito , Baldi Fernando , Costa Marcos Fernando Oliveira , Sainz Roberto Daniel , Carmo Adriana Santana do , Mascioli Arthur dos Santos , Magnabosco Claudio Ulhoa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Genetic parameters were estimated for scrotal circumference adjusted to 365 (SC365) and 450 (SC450) days of age, age at first calving (AFC), accumulated productivity (AP), stayability (STAY), loin eye area (LMA), thickness of subcutaneous fat over the 12th-13th ribs (BF), thickness of subcutaneous fat over the rump (RF), and shear force measured by Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of polled Nellore cattle. Bayesian analysis bi characteristics were performed by adopting linear animal model, whereas STAY analyzes used the linear threshold model. Heritability estimates were equal to 0.31 (SC365), 0.37 (SC450), 0.16 (AFC), 0.25 (AP), 0.16 (STAY), 0.30 (LMA), 0.13 (BF), 0.24 (RF), and 0.15 (WBSF), indicating moderate response to selection. Genetic and residual correlations between SC365 and SC450 were high and positive (0.91 and 0.74, respectively), as well as the genetic correlations of AP with SC365, SC450, AFC, and STAY (0.61, 0.62, -0.69, and 0.83, respectively). Genetic and residual correlations of WBSF with reproductive and carcass characteristics exhibited high standard deviations, however favorable.
Comparative evaluation of photon-induced water splitting under visible light irradiation using Cd-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles and nanofibers
Authors: Erfan Nehal A. , Barakat Nasser A. M. , Mahmoud Mohamed S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nanofibrous morphology and the doping technique can overcome the problem of electron/hole fast recombination and improve the activity of such important photocatalysts under visible light irradiation. In this study, nanoparticulate and nanofibrous forms of Cd-doped TiO2 were synthesized with different cadmium contents. For photocatalysts characterization, SEM, (TEM), EDX, and XRD techniques were used. The nanomorphology, cadmium content, and reaction temperature of Cd-doped TiO2 nanostructures were found to strongly affect the hydrogen production rate. Nanofibrous morphology improves the rate of hydrogen evolution by around 2,000 folds over the rate for nanoparticles, due to electron confinement in 0D nanostructures. The average rates of hydrogen production for samples of 0.5 wt% Cd are 0.7 and 16.5 ml/gcat. min for nanoparticles and nanofibers, respectively. We hypothesize that the formation of type II heterostructures between the TiO2 matrix and cadmium nanoparticles is the main reason for the observed enhancement of photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Varying reaction temperature suggests that hydrogen evolution over the proposed catalyst is incompatible with the Arrhenius equation. In particular, reaction temperature was found to have a negative influence on photocatalytic activity. This work shows, for the first time, the prospects for using low-cost Cd as a co-catalyst in photon-induced water splitting and indicates a substantial enhancement in the rate of H2 production when using the Cd-doped TiO2 nanofiber photocatalyst.
Objective Video Quality Assessment with Motion Vector-based SIFT and SURF Feature Matching
Authors: Shinde Pooja S. , Dongre Yashwant V. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The significant consumption of video data over limited bandwidth mostly compromises in video quality. Video quality assessment (VQA) algorithms aim to estimate the quality of a distorted video data. For this, the scores are created in such a way that agrees with the quality judgments aligned to human visual perception. To measure the quality of the video, we need to compare the subjective score and objective score. Video quality assessment (VQA) is a challenging task due to the complexity of modelling perceived quality characteristics in both spatial and temporal domains. We proposed novel work on feature-based VQA. SIFT and SURF are used to compare the features in the original video against features of the distorted video. A mechanism using weighted features is illustrated to provide a better quality assessment. The subjective score is available in many image databases. Ex. LIVE, IPVL, and CSIQ database. An objective score is obtained by using formulas, and it is used to find a correlation between subjective score and objective score. The efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated against state-of-the-art VQA algorithms. Our method is observed to be consistent with the best VQA results.
Craniofacial growth and function in achondroplasia: a multimodal 3D study on 15 patients
Authors: Morice Anne , Taverne Maxime , Eché Sophie , Griffon Lucie , Fauroux Brigitte , Leboulanger Nicolas , Couloigner Vincent , Baujat Geneviève , Picard Arnaud , Legeai-Mallet Laurence , Kadlub Natacha , Khonsari Roman Hossein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAchondroplasia is the most frequent FGFR3-related chondrodysplasia, leading to rhizomelic dwarfism, craniofacial anomalies, stenosis of the foramen magnum, and sleep apnea. Craniofacial growth and its correlation with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has not been assessed in achondroplasia. In this study, we provide a multimodal analysis of craniofacial growth and anatomo-functional correlations between craniofacial features and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Methods A multimodal study was performed based on a paediatric cohort of 15 achondroplasia patients, including clinical and sleep study data, 2D cephalometrics, and 3D geometric morphometry analyses.ResultsCraniofacial phenotype was characterized by maxillo-zygomatic retrusion, deep nasal root, and prominent forehead. 2D cephalometric studies showed constant maxillo-mandibular retrusion, with excessive vertical dimensions of the lower third of the face, and modifications of cranial base angles. All patients with available CT-scan had premature fusion of skull base synchondroses. 3D morphometric analyses showed an aggravation of the craniofacial phenotype with age, predominantly affecting the midface - with increasing maxillary retrusion with age - as well as the skull base - with closure of the spheno-occipital angle. At mandibular level, both mandibular corpus and ramus showed significant levels of shape modifications with age, the highest level concerned the mandibular corpus (+119%). Anatomo-functional studies revealed significant correlation between the severity of maxillo-mandibular retrusion and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (p<0.01). ConclusionsOur study provides new insights on the impact of FGFR3 activating mutations on craniofacial growth, and highlights anatomo-functional correlation between the severity of craniofacial features and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Motivating Change in Resident Language Use through Narrative Medicine Workshops
Authors: Collier Kristin , Gupta Amit , Vinson Alexandra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThere are many ways that students and trainees learn to talk about patients. The way trainees and physicians use language during clinical care is important, as labeling patients can have adverse effects on patient safety. Communication is considered a core competency by The Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Past research has shown that participants in narrative medicine curricula report developing stronger communication skills however it is not clear how these workshops motivated trainees to use language differently during patient care. To explore this, we interviewed second-year residents in academic year 19–20 about their experiences both in participating in narrative medicine workshops and giving patient care.MethodsThe framing context for this constructivist thematic analysis is a series of narrative medicine workshops facilitated for interns in an internal medicine residency program at a large academic medical center during the 18–19 academic year. We developed a semi-structured interview study that allowed residents to reflect on their experiences in these workshops. Eighteen out of 60 residents (30%) were interviewed.ResultsWe found that sessions regarding language use in patient care shaped how interns thought about and used language during clinical work, a finding that arose spontaneously during interviews.ConclusionsOur research suggests that workshops aimed specifically at addressing the use of language in healthcare can have meaningful impact on trainees. Our study makes a unique contribution to the scholarship by suggesting that training in narrative medicine can lead to a change in the way that trainees use language during their clinical work.Trial registrationretrospectively registered.
Circulating blood eNAMPT drives the circadian rhythms in locomotor activity and energy expenditure
Authors: Park Jae Woo , Roh Eun , Kang Gil Myoung , Gil So Young , Kim Hyun Kyong , Lee Chan Hee , Jang Won Hee , Park Se Eun , Moon Sang Yun , Kim Seongjun , Jeong So Yeon , Park Chae Beom , Lim Hyo Sun , Oh Yu Rim , Min Se Hee , Kwon Obin , Youn Byung-Soo , Son Gi Hoon , Kim Min-Seon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor of critical enzymes including protein deacetylase Sirtuins/SIRTs and its levels in mammalian cells rely on the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated salvage pathway. Intracellular NAMPT (iNAMPT) is secreted and found in the blood as extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). In the liver, the iNAMPT-NAD+ axis oscillates in a circadian manner and regulates the cellular clockwork. Here we show that the hypothalamic NAD+ contents show a distinct circadian fluctuation with a nocturnal rise in lean mice. This rhythm is in phase with that of plasma eNAMPT levels but not with that of hypothalamic iNAMPT levels. Chemical and genetic blockade of eNAMPT profoundly inhibited the nighttime elevations in hypothalamic NAD+ levels as well as those in locomotor activity (LMA) and energy expenditure (EE). Conversely, systemic administration of NAMPT peptide increased hypothalamic NAD+ levels during the physically-inactive daytime and stimulated LMA and EE through the hypothalamic NAD+-SIRT2-FOXO1-melanocortin pathway. Notably, obese humans and animals displayed a markedly blunted diurnal oscillation in blood eNAMPT and hypothalamic NAD+-FOXO1 levels as well as LMA and EE. Our findings indicate that the eNAMPT-mediated interorgan regulation of NAD+ biosynthesis underlies circadian physiology and that this system can be significantly disrupted by obesity.
Design and Fabrication of Sierpinski Square Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna with Parasitic Elements for Wideband Applications
Authors: Kattimani Bharamappa Irappa , Patil Rajendra R 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is one of its key drawbacks. This work shows how a dual-layer stacked and parasitic arrangement, together with the effect of fractal designs, can provide wide bandwidth and high gain qualities in a microstrip patch antenna. For wideband applications, the proposed antenna design in stacked construction has a total bandwidth of 750MHz for S11 -10dB. In order to reduce the antenna size, the Sierpinski square carpet fractal is used. This antenna exhibits a lower resonance frequency due to the space-filling property of fractal geometry. The resonance frequency of this patch antenna drops as iteration and iteration factors rise, according to experimental results. Wideband functioning is achieved with a size decrease of 70.1%. The proposed antenna design exhibits a 6.98dB gain. These qualities of wideband and higher gain make the proposed antenna an excellent one for wideband applications.