bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular‐Level Insights into the Notorious CO Poisoning of Platinum Catalyst
Authors: Chen Wenyao , Cao Junbo , Fu Wenzhao , Zhang Jing , Qian Gang , Yang Jia , Chen De , Zhou Xinggui , Yuan Weikang , Duan Xuezhi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) is notorious for its strong adsorption to poison platinum group metal catalysts in the chemical industry. Here, we conceptually distinguish and quantify the effects of the occupancy and energy of d electrons, emerging as the two vital factors in d‐band theory, for CO poisoning of Pt nanocatalysts. The stepwise defunctionalization of carbon support is adopted to fine‐tune the 5d electronic structure of supported Pt nanoparticles. Excluding other promotional mechanisms, the increase of Pt 5d band energy strengthens the competitive adsorption of hydrogen against CO for the preferential oxidation of CO, affording the scaling relationship between Pt 5d band energy and CO/H2 adsorption energy difference. The decrease of Pt 5d band occupancy lowers CO site coverage to promote its association with oxygen for the total oxidation of CO, giving the scaling relationship between Pt 5d occupancy and activation energy. The above insights outline a molecular‐level understanding of CO poisoning.
A protocol for the generation of Arachis hypogaea composite plants: A valuable tool for the functional study of mycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Nanjareddy Kalpana , Zepeda‐Jazo Isaac , Arthikala Manoj‐Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPremiseAgrobacterium rhizogenes–induced hairy root systems are one of the most preferred and versatile systems for the functional characterization of genes. The use of hairy root systems is a rapid and convenient alternative for studying root biology, biotic and abiotic stresses, and root symbiosis in in vitro recalcitrant legume species such as Arachis hypogaea.Methods and ResultsWe present a rapid, simplified method for the generation of composite A. hypogaea plants with transgenic hairy roots. We demonstrate a technique of hairy root induction mediated by A. rhizogenes from young A. hypogaea shoots. The efficacy of the system for producing transgenic roots is demonstrated using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression vector. Furthermore, the application of the system for studying root branching is shown using the auxin‐responsive marker DR5 promoter fused to β‐glucuronidase (GUS). Finally, the success of the hairy root system for root symbiotic studies is illustrated by inoculating hairy roots with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.ConclusionsIn this study, we have developed a rapid, efficient, and cost‐effective composite plant protocol for A. hypogaea that is particularly effective for root‐related studies and for the validation of candidate genes in A. hypogaea during mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Production of bio‐polyurethane (BPU) foams from greenhouse/agricultural wastes, and their biodegradability
Authors: Li Hongwei , Kognou Aristide Laurel Mokale , Jiang Zi‐Hua , Qin Wensheng , Xu Chunbao Charles 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe exploration of effective utilization of greenhouse wastes is challenging. This paper demonstrates a hydrothermal treatment approach involving the co‐liquefaction of greenhouse wastes with agricultural residue in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in the presence of a base catalyst, to convert greenhouse wastes and corn stalk into bio‐oil/bio‐polyol at a very high yield of 57.2%, accompanied by a very low yield of solid residue. This bio‐oil (hydroxyl number: 305 mg KOH/g) was successfully used as bio‐polyol to substitute up to 50% petroleum‐based polyol for the preparation of bio‐polyurethane (BPU) foams. The biodegradability of the BPU foams was also studied by incubation with Dyella sp. for a period of 8 weeks. The weight loss, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of foam samples were collected and analyzed. The BPU foams exhibited much better biodegradability than the petroleum‐based polyurethane (PU) foam. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Impact of landscape design on the greenhouse gas emissions of shrub willow bioenergy buffers in a US Midwest corn‐production landscape
Authors: Canter Christina E. , Zolton Kaitlyn , Cacho Jules F. , Negri M. Cristina , Zumpf Colleen R. , Quinn John J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have evaluated the economics and ecosystem services of perennial bioenergy crops when replacing grain crops on marginal (environmentally critical and/or underproductive) lands. This study used life‐cycle analysis (LCA) to investigate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of perennial crops when grown in targeted landscape positions and their impact in reducing nitrogen leaching. Specifically, LCA was performed to evaluate the GHG emissions of growing shrub willow on marginal lands in the Indian Creek watershed in Illinois to assess the sustainability of strategically planted willow buffer strips. Willow was grown as a short‐rotation woody crop with a 21‐year rotation under three scenarios including a business‐as‐usual (BAU) field‐scale production with nitrogen fertilizer application and two unfertilized subfield buffer scenarios – landscape single subfield (LSSF) or landscape multiple subfields (LMSF) – grown alongside cornfields to reduce nitrate leaching. Each scenario also considers three field sizes, 2.0, 10.1, and 40.5 ha. The average annual GHG emissions from willow production and depot transportation were 0.32–0.77 Mg‐CO2e ha−1 with the lowest emissions for the LSSF scenario and highest for the BAU. The GHG emissions for the LSSF and BAU scenarios are independent of field size, whereas LMSF emissions increase with increasing field size, 0.41 Mg‐CO2e ha−1 at 2.0 ha and 0.76 Mg‐CO2e ha−1 at 40.5 ha. Emission results were most sensitive to the willow yield, followed by fertilizer application rate (BAU only), harvest fuel consumption, and transportation distance. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
An on‐premise study to investigate the effects of mixing alcohol with caffeinated beverages
Authors: Johnson Sean J. , Verster Joris C. , Alford Chris 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this on‐premise study was to determine if mixing alcohol with caffeinated mixers had an impact on objective and subjective intoxication.MethodsThe study was conducted across eight drinking occasions in the City of Bristol, UK. Participants (N = 1041) were recruited outside popular night‐time entertainment venues and interviewed regarding their alcohol consumption for that particular evening, including whether or not they had consumed caffeinated beverages with alcohol. Subjective intoxication was rated on an 11‐point scale and objective intoxication determined with a breath alcohol test. Depending on their consumption on the night of the interview, participants also reported whether they consumed alcohol mixed with caffeinated mixers or alcohol‐only on other consumption occasions.ResultsBetween‐subjects analyses found that alcohol–caffeine consumers consumed more alcohol and had higher objective and subjective intoxication than those who consumed alcohol‐only. These results remained significant regardless of whether or not they mixed alcohol with caffeinated mixers or consumed alcohol‐only on the night of the interview. Within‐subject analyses revealed that alcohol–caffeine consumers drank the same or less alcohol on alcohol–caffeine occasions compared to alcohol‐only occasions.ConclusionsThese findings provide support that alcohol–caffeine use does not increase overall alcohol consumption, and may be one manifestation of a high risk‐taking personality.
Bio‐based composite granules with simultaneous biocontrol and phosphorus fertilization roles: Outcomes from a lab‐scale in vitro assessment
Authors: Favaro Camila P. , Klaic Rodrigo , Bettiol Wagner , Ribeiro Caue , Farinas Cristiane Sanchez 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe use of phosphate rocks as low‐solubility phosphorus fertilizers has been promoted to reduce the environmental impacts of agriculture, but adequate nutrient uptake by plants depends on solubilization of the rock, driven by soil microorganisms. Here, investigation was made of the microbial solubilization of low‐solubility phosphate rocks, together with simultaneous bioprotective action involving the biocontrol of microorganisms. The aim was to enhance function and value by delivering two effects using a single bio‐based product, in accordance with the concept of a “bioreactor‐in‐a‐granule” system. A composite structure was developed, based on a starch matrix, comprising a combination of Trichoderma asperelloides, as a biocontrol agent, and Aspergillus niger, as an acidulant. A significant increase of up to 150% in P solubilization was achieved, indicating the positive effect of the microorganism‐composite interaction. In vitro assays showed that the ability of T. asperelloides to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum mycelial growth was maintained in the presence of A. niger. Moreover, the estimated cost of the composite granule (0.35 US$/kg of product on a dry basis) revealed competitive. The results indicated that the association of T. asperelloides and A. niger is an effective way to increase nutrient availability and to inhibit plant pathogens, opening up possibilities for the design of multifunctional bio‐based fertilizer composites.
Ferroptosis in cancer and cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Zhao Lei , Zhou Xiaoxue , Xie Feng , Zhang Lei , Yan Haiyan , Huang Jun , Zhang Chong , Zhou Fangfang , Chen Jun , Zhang Long 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe hallmark of tumorigenesis is the successful circumvention of cell death regulation for achieving unlimited replication and immortality. Ferroptosis is a newly identified type of cell death dependent on lipid peroxidation which differs from classical programmed cell death in terms of morphology, physiology and biochemistry. The broad spectrum of injury and tumor tolerance are the main reasons for radiotherapy and chemotherapy failure. The effective rate of tumor immunotherapy as a new treatment method is less than 30%. Ferroptosis can be seen in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and tumor immunotherapy; therefore, ferroptosis activation may be a potential strategy to overcome the drug resistance mechanism of traditional cancer treatments. In this review, the characteristics and causes of cell death by lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis are briefly described. In addition, the three metabolic regulations of ferroptosis and its crosstalk with classical signaling pathways are summarized. Collectively, these findings suggest the vital role of ferroptosis in immunotherapy based on the interaction of ferroptosis with tumor immunotherapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, thus, indicating the remarkable potential of ferroptosis in cancer treatment.
Game‐based learning for better decision‐making: A collision prevention training for maritime transportation engineering students
Authors: Türkistanli Taha T. , Kuleyin Barış 
Published: February 2022

AbstractShip collision is a form of maritime accident that possess great threats to transportation safety, economy, and human lives. Deck watchkeeping officers who oversee the safe navigation of the ships are responsible for preventing these collision accidents. Yet, most of the collisions are directly linked to the human errors onboard. One way to reduce these human errors is to train competent navigation officers for collision avoidance situations. However, training maritime students for complex collision situations is a challenging task. This study aims to examine if game‐based learning (GBL) can help students to perform better in collision avoidance situations by providing them the necessary skills to properly identify risks, goals, and cues in collision situations. With this purpose, we developed a digital game‐based decision‐making training containing eight collisions at sea scenarios. The developed tool was then presented to maritime engineering students as supplementary training. Thirty undergraduate maritime transportation engineering students participated in the study. A pretest/posttest control group design was adopted to investigate the effects of GBL. Tests are conducted with the use of a full mission bridge simulator. Observed changes in situational awareness, decision making, navigation, and collision avoidance performance of the participants were analyzed. The results showed that the intervention group had small but significant improvements in all dimensions compared to the control group. Overall, the game‐based decision‐making training helped students to reach a better understanding of the related course material. Required efforts and challenges to develop and incorporate such training into the existing maritime curriculum are discussed.
A psychometric evaluation of the Female Sexual Function Index in women treated for breast cancer
Authors: Kieseker Genevieve A. , Anderson Debra J. , Porter‐Steele Janine , McCarthy Alexandra L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to determine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the 19‐item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in 132 sexually active women previously treated for breast cancer.MethodsConfirmatory factor analysis explored three models: (a) second‐order six‐factor, (b) six‐factor, and (c) five‐factor models combining the desire and arousal subscales.ResultsResults revealed excellent reliability for the total score (Cronbach's α = 0.94), and domain scores (all Cronbach's αs > 0.90), and good convergent and discriminant validity. The six‐factor model provided the best fit of the models assessed, but a marginal overall fit (Tucker–Lewis index = 0.91, comparative fit index = 0.93, root mean square error of approximation = 0.09). Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) supported a four‐factor structure, revealing an arousal/orgasm factor alongside the original pain, lubrication, and satisfaction domains.ConclusionThe arousal/orgasm factor suggests a “sexual response” construct, potentially arising from an underlying latent factor involving physical and mental stimulation in conceptualizations of arousal and orgasm in women treated for breast cancer. Finally, the EFA failed to capture an underlying desire factor, potentially due to measurement error associated with the small number of items (two) in this domain. Despite evidence that the FSFI has sound psychometric properties, our results suggest that the current conceptualizations of the FSFI might not accurately represent sexual functioning in women previously treated for breast cancer. Further research is required to elucidate the factors that influence desire, arousal, and orgasm in sexually active women in this population, and the reasons underlying sexual inactivity. Practical and theoretical implications for FSFI use in this population are discussed.
IL‐34 in hepatoblastoma cells potentially promote tumor progression via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms
Authors: Irie Tomoaki , Yoshii Daiki , Komohara Yoshihiro , Fujiwara Yukio , Kadohisa Masashi , Honda Masaki , Suzu Shinya , Matsuura Toshiharu , Kohashi Kenichi , Oda Yoshinao , Hibi Taizo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver tumor, but little research has been done on the role of macrophages in hepatoblastoma. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into potential roles for macrophages in hepatoblastoma. Paraffin‐embedded specimens from 56 patients who underwent surgical resection were examined with immunohistochemical staining for the macrophage‐specific markers, Iba1 and CD163. Significant differences were seen among histological subtypes. Significantly increased numbers of macrophages were detected in embryonal components compared to fetal components in the mixed epithelial type. In vitro studies using human monocyte‐derived macrophages and two hepatoblastoma cell lines (HepG2 and Huh6) were performed. Conditioned medium from these cell lines induced increased CD163 expression in macrophages. Direct co‐culture with macrophages induced tumor cell proliferation via induction of protumor cytokine secretion from macrophages. Direct co‐culture with macrophages also induced interleukin (IL)‐34 overexpression by Huh6 cells via Brd4 signaling. IL‐34 overexpression promoted tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance. High IL‐34 and Brd4 expression was detected in embryonal components, which have potentially higher proliferation activity than fetal components. In conclusion, IL‐34 expression in embryonal components may induce macrophage chemotaxis in a paracrine manner, and tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance in an autocrine manner. IL‐34 is a potential therapeutic target for hepatoblastoma.
Pneumomediastinum as a rare complication in an immunosuppressed patient with emphysematous cystitis
Authors: Tsakaldimis Georgios , Bousiou Zoi , Dimou‐Besikli Sotiria , Karakasis Nikolaos , Papalakis Apostolos , Giannakopoulos Stilianos , Sakellari Ioanna , Kalaitzis Christos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe extravesical spread of gas into the extraperitoneal space is an unusual complication of emphysematous cystitis and rarely, can reach remote areas of the body. Herein, we present the case of an immunosuppressed woman with emphysematous cystitis and extensive spread of extraperitoneal free gas up to the mediastinum.
High‐pressure synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic property of LaCo6O11
Authors: Toda Fumito , Yamada Ikuya , Kawaguchi Shogo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA novel cobalt oxide LaCo6O11 has been synthesized under high pressure of 8 GPa, and its crystal structure and magnetic property have been investigated. Rietveld analysis using synchrotron X‐ray powder diffraction data demonstrates that LaCo6O11 crystallizes in the magnetoplumbite‐derived structure as well as A2+Co6O11 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba). Bond valence sum (BVS) calculation exhibits a substantial decrease in BVS of octahedral Co sites with itinerant electrons, whereas BVS at trigonal bipyramidal Co site with localized electrons is unchanged, indicating that the doped electrons are predominantly injected into the Co sites with electric conductivity. Magnetization measurement shows that the magnetic ground state of LaCo6O11 is similar to the antiferromagnetic‐like one in CaCo6O11. However, the absence of a field‐induced ferrimagnetic transition in LaCo6O11 indicates the robustness of the antiferromagnetic‐like ground state. The difference in the magnetic state under the external magnetic field between LaCo6O11 and CaCo6O11 is attributed to the suppression of the ferromagnetic RKKY interaction because of the reduction in hole carrier density by La3+ substitution for Ca2+.
Vinylcyclopropane [3+2] Cycloaddition with Acetylenic Sulfones Based on Visible Light Photocatalysis**
Authors: Luque Adriana , Groß Jonathan , Zähringer Till J. B. , Kerzig Christoph , Opatz Till 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe first intermolecular visible light [3+2] cycloaddition reaction performed on a meta photocycloadduct employing acetylenic sulfones is described. The developed methodology exploits the advantages of combining UV and visible‐light in a two‐step sequence that provides a photogenerated cyclopropane which, through a strain‐release process, generates a new cyclopentane ring while significantly increasing the molecular complexity. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations indicate an energy transfer pathway for the visible light‐driven reaction step. This strategy could be extended to simpler vinylcyclopropanes.
Cardiac troponins predict mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of adjusted observational studies
Authors: Vrsalovic Mislav , Vrsalovic Presecki Ana , Aboyans Victor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundA significant proportion of patients (pts) with peripheral artery disease (PAD) have concomitant coronary artery disease and polyvascular involvement contributes to increased risk of death and unfavorable cardiovascular events.HypothesisCardiac troponins are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in PAD pts.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline and Scopus to identify all observational cohort studies published before June 2021 (combining terms “troponin,” “peripheral artery disease,” “peripheral arterial disease,” “intermittent claudication,” and “critical limb ischemia”) that evaluated the prognostic impact of troponin rise on admission on all‐cause mortality and/or major cardiovascular events (MACEs; composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) in PAD pts followed up at least 6 months. A meta‐analysis was conducted using the generic inverse variance method. Heterogeneity between studies was investigated using Cochrane's Q test and I2 statistic.ResultsEight studies were included in the final analysis (5313 pts) with a median follow‐up of 27 months (interquartile range: 12–59 months). The prevalence of troponin positivity was 5.3% (range: 4.4%–8.7%) in pts with intermittent claudication, and 62.6% (range: 33.6%–85%) in critical limb ischemia. Elevated troponins were significantly associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.28–3.57; I2 = 50.97%), and MACE (HR: 2.58, 95% CI: 2.04–3.26; I2 = 4.00%) without publication bias (p = .24 and p = .10, respectively).ConclusionTroponin rise on admission is associated with adverse long‐term cardiovascular outcomes in symptomatic PAD.
Scaffold Hopping from Amodiaquine to Novel Nurr1 Agonist Chemotypes via Microscale Analogue Libraries
Authors: Willems Sabine , Müller Marcel , Ohrndorf Julia , Heering Jan , Proschak Ewgenij , Merk Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeveral lines of evidence suggest the ligand‐sensing transcription factor Nurr1 as a promising target to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Nurr1 modulators to validate and exploit this therapeutic potential are rare, however. To identify novel Nurr1 agonist chemotypes, we have employed the Nurr1 activator amodiaquine as template for microscale analogue library synthesis. The first set of analogues was based on the 7‐chloroquiolin‐4‐amine core fragment of amodiaquine and revealed superior N‐substituents compared to diethylaminomethylphenol contained in the template. A second library of analogues was subsequently prepared to replace the chloroquinolineamine scaffold. The two sets of analogues enabled a full scaffold hop from amodiaquine to a novel Nurr1 agonist sharing no structural features with the lead but comprising superior potency on Nurr1. Additionally, pharmacophore modeling based on the entire set of active and inactive analogues suggested key features for Nurr1 agonists.