bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celastrol ameliorates osteoarthritis via regulating TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Guangxia , Wang Kai , Song Hua , Zhu Rujie , Ding Shuai , Yang Hui , Sun Jian , Wen Xin , Sun Lingyun 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by degeneration of joint cartilage and is a significant cause of severe joint pain, physical disability, and impaired quality of life in the aging population. Celastrol, a Chinese herbal medicine, has attracted wide interests because of its anti-inflammatory effects on a variety of diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of celastrol on OA as well as the mechanisms in vivo and in vitro.Methods: A rat knee OA model was established using “medial collateral ligament transection (MCLT) + partial meniscectomy (pMMT)”. Eight weeks after surgery, the OA rats started to receive intra-articular injection of celastrol (1 mg/kg) once a week. Safranin O-fast green (S&amp;F) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining were used to estimate histopathological changes. Micro-CT was used to evaluate bone volume of the subchondral bone of the knee joint. Chondrocytes were isolated from the knee cartilage of rats and OA patients. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western Blot (WB), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors and stromal proteins, respectively.Results: We found that celastrol treatment significantly delayed the progression of cartilage damage with a significant reduction in osteophyte formation and bone resorption in OA rat model. In IL-1β-stimulated rat chondrocytes, celastrol significantly suppressed the production of inflammatory factors such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), and reduced IL-1β-induced matrix degradation by down-regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13). In addition, we found that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was up-regulated in OA patients and rat knee OA models, while celastrol inhibited TLR2 signal and its downstream nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation.Conclusion: In summary, celastrol may improve OA by inhibiting the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provides innovative strategies for the treatment of OA.
Predicting difficult airway intubation in thyroid surgery using multiple machine learning and deep learning algorithms
Authors: Zhou Cheng-Mao , Wang Ying , Xue Qiong , Yang Jian-Jun , Zhu Yu 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIn this paper, we examine whether machine learning and deep learning can be used to predict difficult airway intubation in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.MethodsWe used 10 machine learning and deep learning algorithms to establish a corresponding model through a training group, and then verify the results in a test group. We used R for the statistical analysis and constructed the machine learning prediction model in Python.ResultsThe top 5 weighting factors for difficult airways identified by the average algorithm in machine learning were age, sex, weight, height, and BMI. In the training group, the AUC values and accuracy and the Gradient Boosting precision were 0.932, 0.929, and 100%, respectively. As for the modeled effects of predicting difficult airways in test groups, among the models constructed by the 10 algorithms, the three algorithms with the highest AUC values were Gradient Boosting, CNN, and LGBM, with values of 0.848, 0.836, and 0.812, respectively; In addition, among the algorithms, Gradient Boosting had the highest accuracy with a value of 0.913; Additionally, among the algorithms, the Gradient Boosting algorithm had the highest precision with a value of 100%.ConclusionAccording to our results, Gradient Boosting performed best overall, with an AUC &gt;0.8, an accuracy &gt;90%, and a precision of 100%. Besides, the top 5 weighting factors identified by the average algorithm in machine learning for difficult airways were age, sex, weight, height, and BMI.
Identification of radiographic characteristics associated with pain in hallux valgus patients: A preliminary machine learning study
Authors: Wang ChenGuang , Li Chao , Zhang Rui , Li ZhiJun , Zhang HuaFeng , Zhang Yuan , Liu Shen , Chi XiaoYue , Zhao Rui 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the structural deformity and foot pain in hallux valgus (HV) patients using a multi-variate pattern analysis (MVPA) approach.MethodsPlain radiographic metrics were calculated from 36 painful and 36 pain-free HV feet. In analysis 1, univariate analyses were performed to investigate the clinical and radiographic differences between painful and pain-free HV. In analysis 2, we investigated the pattern differences for radiographic metrics between these two groups using a MVPA approach utilizing a support vector machine. In analysis 3, sequential backward selection and exhaustive search were performed as a feature-selection procedure to identify an optimal feature subtype. In analysis 4, hierarchical clustering analysis was used to identify the optimal radiographic HV subtype associated with pain in HV.ResultsWe found that: (1) relative to feet with pain-free HV, the painful ones exhibited a higher hallux valgus angle, i.e., the magnitude of distal metatarsal and phalangeal deviation; (2) painful HV could be accurately differentiated from pain-free HV via MVPA. Using sequential backward selection and exhaustive search, a 5-feature subset was identified with optimal performance for classifying HV as either painful or pain-free; and (3) by applying hierarchical clustering analysis, a radiographic subtype with an 80% pain incidence was identified.ConclusionThe pain in HV is multifactorial and associated with a radiographic pattern measured by various angles on plain radiographs. The combination of hallux valgus angle, inter-phalangeal angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, metatarsal cuneiform angle and metatarsal protrusion distance showed the optimal classification performance between painful and pain-free HV.
Gender differences in factors associated with the health literacy of hospitalized older patients with chronic diseases: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Shuting , Lu Jinjin , Wang Yawen , Wang Ya , Wu Lihao , Zhu Saiqiong , Zheng Xiuyun , Lu Xueqin , Xu Hongbo 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTo identify gender differences in factors associated with the health literacy of hospitalized older patients with chronic diseases.MethodsA total of 471 hospitalized older patients with chronic diseases in four hospitals were investigated from May 2019 to June 2020. The self-developed demographic information questionnaire, the “Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Chronic Diseases” and the “Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Diseases 6-item Scale” were applied in this study. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the factors influencing health literacy among older patients with chronic diseases by gender.ResultsThe factors influencing health literacy differed by gender. Male health literacy was related to education background, number of children, monthly income, duration of chronic disease and chronic disease self-efficacy. For females, health literacy was associated with age, education background, monthly income, duration of chronic disease and chronic disease treatment.ConclusionHealthcare providers should focus on the above-mentioned factors that could help identify those with low health literacy differ base on gender. Gender-specific strategies should be developed to improve the health literacy of older patients with chronic diseases and strengthen their chronic disease management.
Response of Afromontane soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to in situ experimental warming along an elevational gradient
Authors: Okello Joseph , Bauters Marijn , Verbeeck Hans , Kasenene John , Boeckx Pascal 
Published: August 2022

Tropical montane forests store large amounts of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in soil. These soil C, N, and P pools are vulnerable to increased losses due to the increasing local temperatures. To gain better insight into the effects of climate warming on biogeochemistry in montane forests in Africa, we established study plots along a natural climate gradient in Uganda between 1,250 and 3,000 m in the Rwenzori Mountains. We studied soil C, N, and P contents as well as 13C and 15N isotopic compositions and leaf nutrient contents. Further, we simulated climate warming by 0.9°C–2.8°C for 2 years by conducting in situ soil mesocosms translocation downslope. The results revealed that, along the elevational gradient, soil organic C increased six-fold from 2.6 ± 1.0% at 1,250–1,300 m to 16.0 ± 1.9% at 2,700–3,000 m, with a linear increase of 0.94% per 100 m of elevation increase. Similarly, soil total N increased five-fold, from 0.3 ± 0.1% to 1.3 ± 0.1%, with a linear increase of 0.07% per 100 m of elevation increase. Further, soil bio-available P increased three-fold, from 9.6 ± 5.2 mg kg−1 to 29.5 ± 3.0 mg kg−1, with a linear increase of 1.4 mg kg−1 per 100 m of elevation increase. Soil δ15N decreased linearly by 0.39‰ per 100 m of elevation increase, ranging from 8.9 ± 0.2‰ to 2.9 ± 0.7‰ at 1,250–1,300 m and 2,700–3,000 m, respectively. The accumulation of soil organic C and total N with elevation is due to slow microbial activity under lower temperature. Indeed, the soil δ15N indicated a more closed N cycling with increasing elevation. However, despite the increasing trend in soil C and nutrient status with elevation, leaf N and P contents decreased linearly with elevation. This is likely due to the impairment of nutrient uptake under low temperature and low pH. In addition, following 2 years of in situ soil warming, we found that the soil δ13C and δ15N values relatively increased. Generally, the results imply that warming triggered accelerated transformation processes of accrued soil organic matter.
Influence of Social and Psychosocial Factors on Summer Vacationers’ Sun Protection Behaviors, the PRISME Study, France
Authors: Durand Cécile , Lamy Anaïs , Richard Jean-Baptiste , Saboni Leïla , Cousson-Gélie Florence , Catelinois Olivier , Bord Apolline , Lepage Benoit , Mouly Damien , Delpierre Cyrille 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Summer intermittent sun exposure is a major risk factor for melanoma. Socioeconomic position, cognitive and psychosocial factors play a role in sun protection behaviors but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to measure the influence of educational level on sun protection behaviors in French summer vacationers on the Mediterranean coastline, and to identify the mediating psychosocial factors in this pathway.Methods: In summer 2019, French vacationers aged 12–55 staying in coastline campsites were asked about their holiday sun protection behaviors, their knowledge, attitudes, perceived control, and social norm relative to sun protection. A structural equation model measured the direct and indirect effects of educational level on protection behaviors via cognitive and psychosocial factors.Results: Sun protection during vacation increased with educational level. Theoretical knowledge partially mediated this association, from 22% to 86%, particularly for intermediate educational levels.Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of implementing suitable sun prevention interventions for vacationers, especially those with a lower socioeconomic position. Improving theoretical knowledge around sun protection may be an important part of broader efforts to encouraging improved preventive behaviors.
Industrial Air Pollution Leads to Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematized Review of Different Exposure Metrics and Health Effects in Newborns
Authors: Veber Triin , Dahal Usha , Lang Katrin , Orru Kati , Orru Hans 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To review the evidence of associations between adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and industrial air pollution.Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, and Scopus databases, and additional articles were found from snowball search techniques. The included studies feature a study population of mothers with live-born babies exposed to industrial air pollutants, and they examine the effects of industrial pollutants on adverse birth outcomes—namely, low birth weight, term low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age.Results: Altogether, 45 studies were included in this review. Exposure to PM2.5, PAHs, benzene, cadmium, and mixtures of industrial air pollutants and living near an industrial area affect birth outcomes.Conclusion: This study concludes that industrial air pollution is an important risk factor for ABO, especially low birth weight and preterm birth. The strongest evidence is associations between ABO and air pollution from power plants and petrochemical industries. Understanding of specific chemicals that are critical to birth outcomes is still vague. However, the evidence is strongest for more specific air pollutants from the industry, such as PAH, benzene, BTEX, and cadmium.
Diet Shift May Trigger LuxS/AI-2 Quorum Sensing in Rumen Bacteria
Authors: Wei Xiao , Long Tanghui , Li Yanjiao , Ouyang Kehui , Qiu Qinghua 
Published: August 2022

Recent studies have revealed that LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) is the most universal cell-to-cell communication in rumen bacteria; however, it remains unknown how they respond to nutritional stress from a diet shift. This study aimed to explore whether a diet shift could trigger rumen bacterial LuxS/AI-2 QS and its influences on rumen fermentation characteristics and bacterial community diversity and composition. A total of fifteen Hu sheep were selected to undergo a pre-shift diet (Pre, concentrate to forage ratio 75:25) for one month and then abruptly switch to a post-shift diet (Post, concentrate to forage ratio 49:51). Results showed that the serum cortisol and immunoglobulin G concentrations were higher in Post than in Pre (p < 0.05). The microbial density, AI-2 concentration, biofilm formation, and the gene expression of ftsH were higher in Post when compared with Pre (p < 0.05), whilst the gene expression of luxS tended to be lower in Post (p = 0.054). The molar concentration of valerate and fermentation efficiency decreased after the diet shift, while the acetate to propionate ratio and the molar proportion of butyrate were higher in Post compared to Pre (p < 0.05). Moreover, the diet shift increased the richness of ruminal bacteria and the relative abundances of Roseburia, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, and Lachnospira, and decreased the relative abundances of Prevotella, Megasphaera, and Dialister (p < 0.05). A difference in trends was also observed in an analysis of similarity (R = 0.1208 and p = 0.064). This study suggests that a diet shift could trigger rumen bacterial LuxS/AI-2 QS by altering microbial density, AI-2 concentration, biofilm formation, and related gene expression, as well as affect the rumen fermentation pattern and bacterial community diversity and composition. This study may provide insight into a potential strategy for relieving nutritional stress via regulating bacterial communication.
Restoration of Hepatic and Intestinal Integrity by Phyllanthus amarus Is Dependent on Bax/Caspase 3 Modulation in Intestinal Ischemia-/Reperfusion-Induced Injury
Authors: Afolabi Ayobami Oladele , Akhigbe Tunmise Maryanne , Odetayo Adeyemi Fatai , Anyogu Davinson Chuka , Hamed Moses Agbomhere , Akhigbe Roland Eghoghosoa 
Published: August 2022

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Oxidative stress is a key player in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (IIRI) with a tendency to trigger systemic inflammatory response, resulting in progressive distal organ injury. To date, the role of Bax/caspase 3 signaling in IIRI has not been reported. Furthermore, the discovery of a safe and effective drug remains pertinent in improving the outcome of IIRI. Therefore, this study investigated the role of Bax/caspase 3 signaling in intestinal I/R-induced intestinal and hepatic injury. In addition, the protective effect and possible associated mechanism of action of methanolic Phyllanthus amarus leaf extract (PA) against intestinal I/R-induced intestinal and hepatic injury were evaluated. Materials and methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups (n = 10). The sham-operated group was received 0.5 mL of distilled water for seven days prior to the sham surgery, while the IIRI, febuxostat (FEB) + IIRI, low-dose PA (LDPA) + IIRI, and high-dose PA (HDPA) + IIRI groups underwent the I/R procedure. In addition to the procedure, IIRI, FEB + IIRI, LDPA + IIRI, and HDPA + IIRI received 0.5 mL of distilled water, 10 mg/kg of febuxostat, 200 mg/kg of PA, and 400 mg/kg of PA, respectively, for seven days prior to the I/R procedure. Results: Administration of methanolic Phyllanthus amarus leaf extracts attenuated the intestinal I/R-induced rise in intestinal and hepatic injury markers, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase activities. In addition, Phyllanthus amarus ameliorated I/R-induced suppression of reduced glutathione, thiol and non-thiol proteins, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in intestinal and hepatic tissues. These were coupled with the suppression of I/R-induced bacterial translocation, downregulation of I/R-induced activation of Bax/caspase 3 signaling, and improvement of I/R-induced distortion of intestinal and hepatic histoarchitecture by Phyllanthus amarus. Conclusion: Methanolic Phyllanthus amarus leaf extract protects against intestinal and hepatic injuries associated with intestinal I/R by suppressing oxidative-stress-mediated activation of Bax/caspase 3 signaling. The beneficial effects of Phyllanthus amarus may be ascribed to its constituent bioactive molecules, especially tannins, anthocyanin, alkaloids, and phenolics.
THE USE OF MIND MAPPING BOARD (MMB) TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY IN FACING INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0
Authors: Candraloka Olyvia Revalita , Rosdiana Aliva 
Published: August 2022

This study aims at seeing the effect of students’ ability in speaking using Mind Mapping Board (MMB). There are 30 students who consists of 14 female and 16 male students at seven grade of one of Junior High School Kudus. The data collection is collected by interview, observation, questionnaire, and test. The research design used was Quasi Expreriment. It is used to know the effectiveness of MMB using two treatments, namely pre-treatment and post-treatment. By mind mapping, the ideas will be elaborated well and organized into framework of mapping. MMB is a media used to help students to extend their creative ideas and help them to be able to communicate. Communication skill plays an important role in supporting the 4.0 industrial revolution. Finally, MMB media is an effective way for students to organize concepts and ideas to support their speaking skills and prepare communication skills in the era of industrial revolution 4.0.
The Inhibitor Activity Test of Green Okra Fruit Fraction (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Against Candida Albicans
Authors: Astutiningsih Christina , Kristianti Jesi 
Published: August 2022

This study was done to analyze the inhibitory activity of green Okra Fruit fraction against Candida albicans. The green Okra fruit is originated from Cepiring, Kendal. Green Okra fruit is a vegetable that contains compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroid, triterpenoids stapling that are able to provide antifungal activity. The green Okra fruit was remacerated with ethanol 80 % followed fractination with n-hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate . The n-hexane, diethyl eter and ethyl acetate Okra fruit can inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. The test method for inhibitory activity was the disc method using DMSO as a negative blank and Nystatin as a positive blank. The results obtained Okra Fruit fraction can be used as an antifungi Candida albicans and diameter zona of fraction n-hexane, diethyl eter and ethyl acetate were 15,09; 17.11, and 20,28 mm The conclusion of this study is the concentration of the fraction were directly proportional to its inhibitory power, and there weredifferences in and there were differences in antifungal activity. The active campounds contained in the diethyl eter and ethyl acetate fractions of okra fruit was positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids and tannnis, while the n-hexane fraction contained saponins, terpenoids and tannins.
Advances in multilayer graphene processes for metallization and high-frequency devices
Authors: Ueno Kazuyoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multilayer graphene (MLG) has been proposed as an alternative material for nanometer-wide interconnects. However, it has not been put to practical use, since the process technology that leads to practical use has been immature. Recent advances in MLG processes and applications, such as MLG-capped copper interconnects, the direct deposition of MLG by solid-phase deposition (SPD) at a low temperature, stable intercalation doping to MLG and selective chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of high-crystallinity MLG for inductor and antenna applications are reviewed. Based on these advances, MLG is considered to be approaching the stage of practical application for device metallization and high-frequency devices. Based on the characteristics of MLG as a conductor and recent development trends, the prospects and issues regarding the future practical use of MLG graphene are discussed.
Optical emission spectroscopy diagnosis of low-pressure microwave discharge helium plasma based on collisional-radiative model
Authors: Lin Keren , Nezu Atsushi , Akatsuka Hiroshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An inverse model based on a low-pressure helium collisional-radiative (CR) model was developed. Parts of the rate coefficients were recalculated from the cross-sections. The dominant processes in the revised model were extracted to simplify the calculation and to develop an inverse model. The model can calculate the electron density and temperature of low-pressure helium plasma by inputting the population densities of levels

3

1

S
,

3

3

S
,

and

3

1

D
,

which can be measured by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurement in the visible wavelength range. The results demonstrate that the electron temperature obtained by the model is extremely close to the original value in the CR model. The output values of the electron density were of the same order and magnitude as the input values. The electron density and temperature measured by OES measurement in the experiment using the developed inverse model are consistent with the results measured by the probe method.