bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A narrative review into the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on senior high school adolescent mental health
Authors: Windarwati Heni D. , Lestari Retno , Supianto Ahmad A. , Wicaksono Satrio A. , Ati Niken A. L. , Kusumawati Mira W. , Humayya Atin , Ekawati Dessy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractProblemHigh school teenagers are facing significant challenges during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Teenagers are at risk of experiencing physical, mental, and social health problems due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This narrative review aims to explore the impact of COVID‐19 on the emergence of mental health problems in high school adolescents.MethodsThis study employed a narrative review method. We conducted a systematic search using PRISMA on three databases: Medline, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. A total of 40 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria set based on the research objectives.FindingsThe study uncovered that high school adolescents had an increased risk of experiencing mental health problems, namely psychological distress, worry, loneliness, anxiety, depression, traumatic symptoms, other psychological disorders, suicide risk, sleep disorders, and psychosocial functioning. Anxiety, depression, and psychological stress were the most discussed mental health problems among high school adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionsThere is a need for efforts to identify health problems and intervene in mental health problems early in high school adolescents. Schools, mental health workers, and the government (e.g., policy stakeholders) need to implement the recommendations given as a follow‐up effort for mental health services for high school youth.
Correlation between N‐terminal pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide, corin, and target organ damage in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhou Ying , Dong Yubing , Liu Wanyu , Li Haiying , Song Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the correlation between N‐terminal pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide (NT‐proANP), corin and the severity of target organ injury in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. A total of 78 women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and 49 normotensive pregnancies were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, laboratory index and echocardiogram results were collected. NT‐proANP, corin, sFlt‐1 and PlGF levels were measured. A receiver's operating characteristics (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the efficacy of predicting target organ injury in the HDP group. The NT‐proANP, corin, and sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio were increased in the HDP group (p < .05). The area under the curve (AUC) predicted by NT‐proANP and corin were larger than sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio (0.779, 0.867, and 0.766, respectively). The creatinine and urine protein were significantly increased, while the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was dramatically decreased in the HDP group (p < .05 each). The left atrial diameter (LAD), left atrial volume index (LAVI), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), and left ventricular septal thickness (LVST) were larger in the HDP group (p < .001 each). The NT‐proANP/corin levels were positively correlated with LAD, creatinine, and urine protein, and negatively correlated with eGFR in HDP group (p < .05 each). Multiple regressions demonstrated that NT‐proANP was an independent risk factor of LAD and urine protein, and corin was an independent risk factor of creatinine and eGFR in HDP group. NT‐proANP and corin may be reliable biomarkers for evaluating the severity of target organ damage in the hypertensive disorders of pregnant patients.
Covid‐19, social restrictions, and mental distress among young people: a UK longitudinal, population‐based study
Authors: Knowles Gemma , Gayer‐Anderson Charlotte , Turner Alice , Dorn Lynsey , Lam Joseph , Davis Samantha , Blakey Rachel , Lowis Katie ,   Schools Working Group,   Young Persons Advisory Group, Pinfold Vanessa , Creary Natalie , Dyer Jacqui , Hatch Stephani L. , Ploubidis George , Bhui Kamaldeep , Harding Seeromanie , Morgan Craig 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAdolescence is a critical period for social and emotional development. We sought to examine the impacts of Covid‐19 and related social restrictions and school closures on adolescent mental health, particularly among disadvantaged, marginalised, and vulnerable groups.MethodsWe analysed four waves of data – 3 pre‐Covid‐19 (2016–2019) and 1 mid‐Covid‐19 (May–Aug 2020; n, 1074; 12–18 years old, >80% minority ethnic groups, 25% free school meals) from REACH (Resilience, Ethnicity, and AdolesCent Mental Health), an adolescent cohort based in inner‐London, United Kingdom. Mental health was assessed using validated measures at each time point. We estimated temporal trends in mental distress and examined variations in changes in distress, pre‐ to mid‐Covid‐19, by social group, and by pre‐ and mid‐pandemic risks.ResultsWe found no evidence of an overall increase in mental distress midpandemic (15.9%, 95% CI: 13.0, 19.4) compared with prepandemic (around 18%). However, there were variations in changes in mental distress by subgroups. There were modest variations by social group and by pre‐Covid risks (e.g., a small increase in distress among girls (b [unstandardised beta coefficient] 0.42 [−0.19, 1.03]); a small decrease among boys (b − 0.59 [−1.37, 0.19]); p for interaction .007). The most notable variations were by midpandemic risks: that is, broadly, increases in distress among those reporting negative circumstances and impacts (e.g., in finances, housing, social support and relationships, and daily routines) and decreases in distress among those reporting positive impacts.ConclusionsWe found strong evidence that mental distress increased among young people who were most negatively impacted by Covid‐19 and by related social restrictions during the first lockdown in the United Kingdom.
Reduction in the magnitude of serum potassium elevation in combination therapy with esaxerenone (CS‐3150) and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in patients with diabetic kidney disease: Subanalysis of two phase III studies
Authors: Shikata Kenichi , Ito Sadayoshi , Kashihara Naoki , Nangaku Masaomi , Wada Takashi , Okuda Yasuyuki , Sawanobori Tomoko , Sugimoto Kotaro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe evaluated the effect of co‐administration of esaxerenone and a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor on the magnitude of serum potassium elevation in Japanese patients with diabetic kidney disease.Materials and MethodsWe carried out a prespecified subanalysis of data from two phase III studies: a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria (J308); and a multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and macroalbuminuria (J309). Changes in serum potassium levels during the studies and other measures were evaluated according to SGLT2 inhibitor use.ResultsIn both studies, time‐course changes in serum potassium levels, and incidence rates of serum potassium elevation were lower in patients with co‐administration of SGLT2 inhibitor in both the placebo and esaxerenone groups than those without the inhibitor. In contrast, time‐course changes and mean percentage changes from baseline in urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio, the proportion of patients with albuminuria remission and time‐course changes in blood pressure did not change with or without SGLT2 inhibitor, whereas the albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio and blood pressure were reduced with esaxerenone. The blood glucose‐lowering effect of SGLT2 inhibitor was not affected by esaxerenone.ConclusionsIn Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria treated with esaxerenone, concomitant use of SGLT2 inhibitor reduced the magnitude of serum potassium elevation without any change of its antihypertensive and albuminuria‐suppressing effects. Co‐administration of esaxerenone and SGLT2 inhibitor might be a beneficial treatment option for patients with diabetic kidney disease.
Impact of diabetes on coronary physiology evaluated by quantitative flow ratio in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ye Zhen , Chen Qin , Zhong Jiaxin , Chen Long , Chen Lihua , Ye Mingfang , Yan Yuanming , Chen Lianglong , Luo Yukun 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThere are mixed opinions on the influence of diabetes on the prognosis of patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, in this study, the quantitative flow ratio (QFR), an emerging technology of functional evaluation, was used to explore the impact of diabetes on coronary physiology in patients who underwent PCI.Materials and MethodsPatients who underwent successful PCI and a 1‐year angiographic follow up were retrospectively screened and analyzed by the QFR. Based on the presence or absence of diabetes, 677 enrolled patients (794 vessels) were classified into a diabetes group (211 patients, 261 vessels) and a non‐diabetes group (466 patients, 533 vessels). The results of QFR analysis and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe two groups reached a similar level of post‐PCI QFR (0.95 ± 0.09 vs 0.96 ± 0.06, P = 0.292). However, at the 1‐year follow up, the QFR was lower (0.93 ± 0.11 vs 0.96 ± 0.07, P < 0.001), and the degree of QFR decline was more obvious (−0.024 ± 0.090 vs −0.008 ± 0.070, P = 0.023) in the diabetes group. Additionally, diabetes was independently associated with functional restenosis (odds ratio 2.164, 95% confidence interval 1.210–3.870, P = 0.009) and target vessel failure (odds ratio 2.654, 95% confidence interval 1.405–5.012, P = 0.003).ConclusionAs evaluated by the QFR, patients with diabetes received less coronary physiological benefit from PCI, which was consistent with their clinical outcomes.
A comparison of machine learning algorithms for predicting consumer responses based on physical, chemical, and physical–chemical data of fruits
Authors: Ribeiro Michele Nayara , Carvalho Iago Augusto , Ferreira Danton Diego , Pinheiro Ana Carla Marques 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMachine learning algorithms are widely used for predicting the consumer response to several food products. Recent studies in the literature demonstrated that it is possible to predict the consumer response to fruits using the physical, chemical, and physical–chemical data of fruits as input for the machine learning algorithms. However, a myriad of machine learning algorithms exists, and there is no consensus on which algorithm is the best for this task. This work evaluates and compares the results of six of the most used machine learning algorithms, the Random Forest, the Decision Tree, the Support Vector Machine, the Multilayer Perceptron neural network, the K‐Nearest Neighbors, and the Multivariate Linear Regression, in predicting the consumers’ acceptance, expectation, and their ideal of sweetness, succulency, and acidity for three different fruits. The results demonstrated that, indeed, there is no algorithm that outperforms all others for this task. Every algorithm has its advantages and disadvantages and performs differently according to the fruit and the corresponding dataset. Therefore, it highlights the importance of carefully selecting, optimizing, and comparing several algorithms when one is interested in predicting the consumer response to fruits.Practical applicationsFruits are mostly commercialized without a strong assurance of their quality, which is their physical–chemical and sensory aspects. The loss of control of these aspects may impact the consumer, which can acquire low‐quality products and, thus, lead to unsatisfaction. This research shows that machine learning algorithms can be employed to effectively predict the consumer's sensory response to fruits. The use of these algorithms, which are based on easy‐to‐obtain physical and physical–chemical data, can improve the quality control of fruits in the market. Therefore, fruit producers and markets can commercialize their products based on their quality, thus providing a better experience to the consumer, which, in turn, can improve their satisfaction.
Worse sleep, worsening post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Poor sleep quality associated with increases in PTSD symptoms amongst those experiencing high threat of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Straus Laura D. , Dolsen Emily A. , Nishimi Kristen , Neylan Thomas C. , O’Donovan Aoife 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is a global health crisis with the potential to elicit and worsen psychiatric symptoms, particularly post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Identifying modifiable protective factors is critical for preventing and treating PTSD symptoms both during and following the COVID‐19 pandemic. The present study examined associations of self‐reported sleep quality and anticipatory threat appraisals of the pandemic with PTSD symptoms 6 months later in a sample enriched for pre‐pandemic trauma exposure and PTSD. The sample included 590 adults (mean age 38.2 years) who completed a baseline survey in August/September 2020 and follow‐up survey in March/April 2021. The sample was recruited from a pool of participants interested in a prior study about traumatic stress. Participants self‐reported sleep quality and pandemic‐related anticipatory threat appraisals at baseline. PTSD symptoms were assessed at baseline and follow‐up. Baseline sleep quality was associated with PTSD symptoms at follow‐up controlling for baseline PTSD symptoms (B = −2.49, p = 0.001). Perceived anticipatory threat of the pandemic moderated this association such that worse sleep quality was related to more severe PTSD symptoms at follow‐up for participants with higher (B = −4.07, p < 0.001) but not lower (B = −0.43, p = 0.679) anticipatory threat about the COVID‐19 pandemic. These findings suggest that poor sleep quality may enhance vulnerability to later PTSD symptoms during the pandemic, particularly among those individuals who perceived the pandemic as threatening for their future. Treatments that address sleep problems may be beneficial for reducing trauma‐related symptoms during and following the global health crisis.
Consequences of child maltreatment victimisation in internalising and externalising mental health problems
Authors: Vilariño Manuel , Amado Bárbara G. , Seijo Dolores , Selaya Adriana , Arce Ramón 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThe literature on the prevalence of child maltreatment is extensive, but studies are required to assess the impact on mental health to enhance the effectiveness of intervention programs.MethodThus, a field study was undertaken to evaluate depression, anxiety, and anger in 65 child victims of multiple types of maltreatment.ResultsThe results showed that child maltreatment victim (CM‐V) reported more depressive (36%), anxiety (45%), and anger (69%) symptoms than the normative sample. However, subjects were asymptomatic in approximately 25% of depression, 20% anxiety, and 5% of anger. Epidemiologically, the results revealed that the probability of caseness among the CM‐Vs sample increased to around 85% for depression and anxiety and 90% for anger.ConclusionsThe clinical, social, and legal implications of the results are discussed.
Whole‐genome sequencing illuminates multifaceted targets of selection to humic substances in Eurasian perch
Authors: Ozerov Mikhail , Noreikiene Kristina , Kahar Siim , Huss Magnus , Huusko Ari , Kõiv Toomas , Sepp Margot , López María‐Eugenia , Gårdmark Anna , Gross Riho , Vasemägi Anti 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExtreme environments are inhospitable to the majority of species, but some organisms are able to survive in such hostile conditions due to evolutionary adaptations. For example, modern bony fishes have colonized various aquatic environments, including perpetually dark, hypoxic, hypersaline and toxic habitats. Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) is among the few fish species of northern latitudes that is able to live in very acidic humic lakes. Such lakes represent almost “nocturnal” environments; they contain high levels of dissolved organic matter, which in addition to creating a challenging visual environment, also affects a large number of other habitat parameters and biotic interactions. To reveal the genomic targets of humic‐associated selection, we performed whole‐genome sequencing of perch originating from 16 humic and 16 clear‐water lakes in northern Europe. We identified over 800,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, of which >10,000 were identified as potential candidates under selection (associated with >3000 genes) using multiple outlier approaches. Our findings suggest that adaptation to the humic environment may involve hundreds of regions scattered across the genome. Putative signals of adaptation were detected in genes and gene families with diverse functions, including organism development and ion transportation. The observed excess of variants under selection in regulatory regions highlights the importance of adaptive evolution via regulatory elements, rather than via protein sequence modification. Our study demonstrates the power of whole‐genome analysis to illuminate the multifaceted nature of humic adaptation and provides the foundation for further investigation of causal mutations underlying phenotypic traits of ecological and evolutionary importance.
The Relationship Between Lexical Coverage and Type of Reading Comprehension in Beginning L2 Spanish Learners
Authors: HERMAN ERIC , LEESER MICHAEL J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between lexical coverage (i.e., the percentage of known word tokens in a text) and second language (L2) reading comprehension. Several studies have suggested that adequate comprehension occurs between 95% and 98% coverage, but no study has investigated beginning‐level learners reading under the conditions of extensive reading. Therefore, the present study recruited 50 native English‐speaking learners enrolled in a second‐semester Spanish course. Learners chose between 1 of 2 interesting, graded texts and read for general understanding. A yes–no vocabulary test was used to measure knowledge of all the words in the texts, and comprehension of the 10 main events was assessed with cued written recall and multiple‐choice tests. Additionally, to begin to understand how coverage relates to different types of comprehension, a literal and an inferential question was asked of each main event. The results indicated that (a) the relationship between lexical coverage and comprehension was moderate to strong, (b) lexical coverage was more associated with literal comprehension, and (c) 98% coverage would predict the productive recall of 8 of the 10 main events. The findings support the importance of having texts written at the lexical level of beginning L2 learners when engaging in extensive reading.
LIFEWAY INTERPRETATIONS FROM ANCIENT DIET IN THE VARNA CEMETERY
Authors: Gaydarska Bisserka , Beavan Nancy , Slavchev Vladimir 
Published: February 2022

SummaryRescue excavations in the urbanized area of the Varna Bay in 2017 have brought to light 15 prehistoric burials whose grave goods and AMS dating have unequivocally related them to the famous Copper Age cemetery in Varna on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The newly excavated area was called Varna 3 and the ten AMS‐dated individuals from there and 19 individuals from the Varna 1 cemetery were subjected to FRUITS modelling for the purposes of dietary reconstruction. There is no link between diet and grave deposition but differentiation in diet does exist in terms of sex. The results showed overall isotopic consistency with a small group of five outliers, among whom is a five‐year‐old girl with steppe aDNA ancestry, who is considered to be a migrant to the Varna area. We discuss the social implications of the dietary and aDNA results that reveal a more complex pattern than had previously been considered.
Organizational commitment in public servants through civic engagement
Authors: Mendez Nathalie , Avellaneda Claudia N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe public service motivation (PSM) theory has emphasized the distinctive motivational character of public employees in serving public institutions. However, scarce research has explored whether public service motivation extrapolates to civic engagement as another way to participate in public affairs. We contend that public employees' stronger sense of public interest expands toward higher engagement levels in social, economic, political, and civic organizations. Using data from the most recent wave of the World Values Survey from 2017 to 2020 in 77 countries—this study compares the degree of civic engagement of public servants with general citizens' level of engagement. Results across all world regions, except Africa, support the hypotheses that public servants are more willing to participate in civic organizations. However, public employees' civic engagement is contingent on organizational type (modern vs. traditional) and bureaucratic rank (top‐ vs. street‐level), for street‐level bureaucrats participate more in traditional but not modern organizations.
Little Englanders or Big Britainers? TheUKandEUrole conceptions during the Brexit bill debate
Authors: Gibbins Justin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article utilizes role theory to examine UK MPs' conceptions of the roles of the UK and the EU. Employing the House of Commons debates on the notification of withdrawal from the EU in early 2017, or the Brexit bill, this study outlines the multiple roles each actor possesses according to British parliamentarians. Organized according to the positions of whether the politicians supported leave and remain, rather than on how they voted, the findings are organized into role contestations based on three faultlines. The first is a clash between global and regional UK roles revealing identity‐based discord over the post‐Brexit vision of its international relations. The second is popular versus parliamentary invocations of national sovereignty which echo the struggle between pluralist and elite configurations of sovereignty and democracy. The last is whether the EU functions as a materialist realist‐bound power or an ideational norm‐creating power.Related ArticlesCerami, Alfio. 2011. “Social Mechanisms in the Establishment of the European Economic and Monetary Union.”Politics & Policy39(3): 345–72.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00294.x.Igwe, Paul Agu, Chinedu Ochinanwata, and Nnamdi O. Madichie. 2021. “The ‘Isms’ of Regional Integration: What Do Underlying Interstate Preferences Hold for the ECOWAS Union?Politics & Policy49(2): 280–308.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12396.Pompl, Solange, and Sergiu Gherghina. 2019. “Messages and Familiar Faces: Crowdfunding in the 2017 U.K. Electoral Campaign.”Politics & Policy47(3): 436–63.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12301.