bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between risk of Alzheimer's disease and obstructive sleep apnea, intermittent hypoxia, and arousal responses: A pilot study
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu , Wu Sheng-Ming , Kuan Yi-Chun , Lin Yin-Tzu , Hsu Chia-Rung , Hsu Wen-Hua , Liu Yi-Shin , Majumdar Arnab , Stettler Marc , Yang Chien-Ming , Lee Kang-Yun , Wu Dean , Lee Hsin-Chien , Wu Cheng-Jung , Kang Jiunn-Horng , Liu Wen-Te 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, potential associations among sleep-disordered breathing, hypoxia, and OSA-induced arousal responses should be investigated. This study determined differences in sleep parameters and investigated the relationship between such parameters and the risk of AD.MethodsPatients with suspected OSA were recruited and underwent in-lab polysomnography (PSG). Subsequently, blood samples were collected from participants. Patients' plasma levels of total tau (T-Tau) and amyloid beta-peptide 42 (Aβ42) were measured using an ultrasensitive immunomagnetic reduction assay. Next, the participants were categorized into low- and high-risk groups on the basis of the computed product (Aβ42 × T-Tau, the cutoff for AD risk). PSG parameters were analyzed and compared.ResultsWe included 36 patients in this study, of whom 18 and 18 were assigned to the low- and high-risk groups, respectively. The average apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), apnea, hypopnea index [during rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep], and oxygen desaturation index (≥3%, ODI-3%) values of the high-risk group were significantly higher than those of the low-risk group. Similarly, the mean arousal index and respiratory arousal index (R-ArI) of the high-risk group were significantly higher than those of the low-risk group. Sleep-disordered breathing indices, oxygen desaturation, and arousal responses were significantly associated with an increased risk of AD. Positive associations were observed among the AHI, ODI-3%, R-ArI, and computed product.ConclusionsRecurrent sleep-disordered breathing, intermittent hypoxia, and arousal responses, including those occurring during the NREM stage, were associated with AD risk. However, a longitudinal study should be conducted to investigate the causal relationships among these factors.
Characteristics of vestibular migraine, probable vestibular migraine, and recurrent vertigo of childhood in caloric and video head impulse tests
Authors: Zhang Qin , Wu Qiong , Chen Jianyong , Wang Xueyan , Zhang Yuzhong , Liu Shuyun , Wang Lu , Shen Jiali , Shen Min , Tang Xinyi , Mei Ling , Chen Xiangping , Jin Yulian , Yang Jun , Zhang Qing 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveVertigo is very common in children, but the specific diagnosis and characteristics are not clear. The main objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of caloric test (CT) and video head impulse test (vHIT) in vestibular migraine of childhood (VMC), probable vestibular migraine of childhood (PVMC), and recurrent vertigo of childhood (RVC), which can provide a reference value for their clinical diagnosis.MethodsWe selected VMC, PVMC and RVC patients under 18 years of age from the outpatient Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery between May 2021 and August 2022. All patients underwent vestibular function examinations, including eye movement recording CT and vHIT. CT results depended on whether both canal paresis and directional preponderance were under normal limits, and vHIT results depended on the gain values of vestibulo-ocular reflex. The results of both tests were analyzed according to the disease type.ResultsAmong the 81 pediatric vertigo patients aged 5–17 years, 44 were females and 37 were males. According to the type of vertigo, 29 patients (25.80%) were diagnosed with VMC, 11 (13.58%) with PVMC, and 41 (50.62%) with RVC. The abnormal rates of the CT in VMC, PVMC, and RVC patients were 24.14%, 36.36%, and 17.07%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the abnormal rates among the three groups (P &gt; 0.05). None of the patients showed abnormal vHIT results (all abnormal rates 0.00%). The abnormal CT rates were significantly higher than those of abnormal vHIT rates (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsVMC, PVMC, and RVC are more likely to be diagnosed by symptoms, as neither CT nor vHIT are specific to any conditions. Due to different clinical presentations of vertigo in pediatric patients, it is critical to further clarify the diagnosis with medical history and clinical characteristics.
The value of dual-energy spectral CT in differentiating solitary pulmonary tuberculosis and solitary lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Guojin , Li Shenglin , Yang Ke , Shang Lan , Zhang Feng , Huang Zixin , Ren Jialiang , Zhang Zhuoli , Zhou Junlin , Pu Hong , Man Qiong , Kong Weifang 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundTo explore the value of dual-energy spectral CT in distinguishing solitary pulmonary tuberculosis (SP-TB) from solitary lung adenocarcinoma (S-LUAD).MethodsA total of 246 patients confirmed SP-TB (n = 86) or S-LUAD (n = 160) were retrospectively included. Spectral CT parameters include CT40keV value, CT70keV value, iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and spectral curve slope (λ70keV). Data were measured during the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP). Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables, Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare continuous variables, and a two-sample t-test was used to compare spectral CT parameters. ROC curves were used to calculate diagnostic efficiency.ResultsThere were significant differences in spectral CT quantitative parameters (including CT40keV value [all P&lt; 0.001] , CT70keV value [all P&lt; 0.001], λ70keV [P&lt; 0.001, and P = 0.027], Zeff [P =0.015, and P = 0.001], and IC [P =0.002, and P = 0.028]) between the two groups during the AP and VP. However, WC (P = 0.930, and P = 0.823) was not statistically different between the two groups. The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC in the AP and VP was 90.9% (95% CI, 0.873-0.945) and 83.4% (95% CI, 0.780-0.887), respectively. The highest diagnostic performance (AUC, 97.6%; 95% CI, 0.961-0.991) was achieved when all spectral CT parameters were combined with clinical variables.ConclusionDual-energy spectral CT has a significant value in distinguishing SP-TB from S-LUAD.
Craniopharyngioma resection by endoscopic endonasal approach versus transcranial approach: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Na Min Kyun , Jang Bohyoung , Choi Kyu-Sun , Lim Tae Ho , Kim Wonhee , Cho Youngsuk , Shin Hyun-Goo , Ahn Chiwon , Kim Jae Guk , Lee Juncheol , Kwon Sae Min , Lee Heekyung 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe transcranial approach (TCA) has historically been used to remove craniopharyngiomas. Although the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to these tumors has been more commonly accepted in the recent two decades, there is debate over whether this approach leads to better outcomes. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to more comprehensively understand the benefits and limitations of these two approaches in craniopharyngioma resection based on comparative studies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 448 articles were screened. Data were extracted and analyzed using proportional meta-analysis. Eight comparative studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. The extent of resection, visual outcomes, and postoperative complications such as endocrine dysfunction and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage were compared.Results and discussionEight studies, involving 376 patients, were included. Resection by EEA led to a greater rate of gross total resection (GTR) (odds ratio [OR], 2.42; p = 0.02; seven studies) with an incidence of 61.3% vs. 50.5% and a higher likelihood of visual improvement (OR, 3.22; p &lt; 0.0001; six studies). However, TCA resulted in a higher likelihood of visual deterioration (OR, 3.68; p = 0.002; seven studies), and was related, though not significantly, to panhypopituitarism (OR, 1.39; p = 0.34; eight studies) and diabetes insipidus (OR, 1.14; p = 0.58; seven studies). Although TCA showed significantly lower likelihoods of CSF leakage (OR, 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.71; p = 0.008; eight studies) compared to EEA, there was no significant difference in meningitis (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.20–4.25; p = 0.91; six studies) between the two approaches. When both approaches can completely resect the tumor, EEA outperforms TCA in terms of GTR rate and visual outcomes, with favorable results in complications other than CSF leakage, such as panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus. Although knowledge of and competence in traditional microsurgery and endoscopic surgery are essential in surgical decision-making for craniopharyngioma treatment, when both approaches are feasible, EEA is associated with favorable surgical outcomes.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42021234801.
Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and plasma protein binding rate of curcumol in rats using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Zhaoxu , Sun Qingmei , Wang Sheng , Tang Bingbing , Yuan Chenxing , Wu Yue , Dai Jiabin , Yang Chen , Wang Lingkun , Zhou Qian , Wang Jincheng , Weng Qinjie 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Curcumol is one of the major active ingredients isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Curcumae Rhizoma and is reported to exhibit various bioactivities, such as anti-tumor and anti-liver fibrosis effects. However, studies of curcumol pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution are currently lacking. This study aims to characterize the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and protein binding rate of curcumol.Methods: Pharmacokinetics properties of curcumol were investigated afte doses of 10, 40, and 80 mg/kg of curcumol for rats and a single dose of 2.0 mg/kg curcumol was given to rats via intravenous administration to investigate bioavailability. Tissue distribution was investigated after a single dose of 40 mg/kg of orally administered curcumol. Plasma protein binding of curcumol was studied in vitro via the rapid equilibrium dialysis system. Bound and unbound curcumol in rat plasma were analyzed to calculate the plasma protein binding rate. A UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to determine curcumol in rat plasma and tissues and applied to study the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and plasma protein binding in rats.Results: After oral administration of 10, 40, and 80 mg/kg curcumol, results indicated a rapid absorption and quick elimination of curcumol in rats. The bioavailability ranging from 9.2% to 13.1% was calculated based on the area under the curves (AUC) of oral and intravenous administration of curcumol. During tissue distribution, most organs observed a maximum concentration of curcumol within 0.5–1.0 h. A high accumulation of curcumol was found in the small intestine, colon, liver, and kidney. Moreover, high protein binding rates ranging from 85.6% to 93.4% of curcumol were observed in rat plasma.Conclusion: This study characterized the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and protein binding rates of curcumol in rats for the first time, which can provide a solid foundation for research into the mechanisms of curcumol’s biological function and clinical application.
Detecting potential mechanism of vitamin D in treating rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Luo Hongyu , Chen Qian , Wang Zikang , Chen Xixuan , Li Xiaping , Chen Huan , Wang Miao , Xu Yingyue , Dai Min , Wang Jianwei , Huang Xuekuan , Wu Bin , Li Yanping 
Published: November 2022

Aim: Vitamin D plays a vital role in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism of vitamin D and rheumatism is still unclear. Therefore, a strategy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of vitamin D and RA.Methods: The targets of RA were obtained from the GeneCards database and Therapeutic Targets Database, and the targets of vitamin D were obtained from the Drugbank database and STITCH database. Next, overlapping genes were identified by Venny, and further Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and molecular docking analyses were performed.Results: A total of 1,139 targets of RA and 201 targets of vitamin D were obtained. A total of 76 overlapping genes were identified by Venny. The enrichment analysis showed that cell proliferation, immune response, and apoptotic process were the critical biological processes of vitamin D in treating RA. Antifolate resistance, osteoclast differentiation, and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway are fundamental mechanisms of vitamin D in treating RA. According to further molecular docking, ALB, TNF, CASP3, and TP53 may be important punctuation points or diagnostic markers for future RA treatment.Conclusion: By analysing overlapping genes of diseases and drugs, this study confirmed that ALB, TNF, CASP3, and TP53 may be essential markers or diagnostic markers for future RA treatment.
Metabolic effects of alternate-day fasting in males with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ingersen Arthur , Helset Hildegunn Rømma , Calov Monika , Chabanova Elizaveta , Harreskov Eva Gjerlevsen , Jensen Christina , Hansen Christina Neigaard , Prats Clara , Helge Jørn Wulff , Larsen Steen , Dela Flemming 
Published: November 2022

Alternate-day fasting induces oscillations in energy stores. We hypothesized that repeated oscillations increases insulin secretion and sensitivity, and improve metabolic health in patients with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Twenty-three male patients fasted every other day for 30 h for 6 weeks. Experiments included resting energy expenditure, continuous glucose monitoring, intravenous glucose tolerance test, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, body composition, hepatic triglyceride content, muscle biopsies which were performed at baseline, during 3 weeks without allowed weight loss, and after additional 3 weeks with weight loss. Bodyweight decreased ∼1% and further ∼3% during weeks one to three and four to six, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Only minor changes in fat mass occurred in weeks 1–3. With weight loss, visceral fat content decreased by 13 ± 3% and 12 ± 2% from baseline in patients with and without T2DM, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Hepatic triglyceride content decreased by 17 ± 9% and 36 ± 9% (with diabetes) and 27 ± 8% and 40 ± 8% (without diabetes) from baseline to week 3 and week 6, respectively (all p &lt; 0.05). Muscle lipid and glycogen content oscillated with the intervention. Glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion and sensitivity was impaired in patients with T2DM and did not change without weight loss, but improved (p &lt; 0.05) when alternate day fasting was combined with weight loss. In conclusion, alternate-day fasting is feasible in patients with obesity and T2DM, and decreases visceral fat and liver fat deposits. Energy store oscillations by alternate-day fasting do not improve insulin secretion or sensitivity per se.Clinical Trial registration: (ClinicalTrials.gov), (ID NCT02420054).
High seed diversity and availability increase rodent community stability under human disturbance and climate variation
Authors: Yang Xifu , Gu Haifeng , Zhao Qingjian , Zhu Yunlong , Teng Yuwei , Li Ying , Zhang Zhibin 
Published: November 2022

The relationship between diversity and stability is a focus in community ecology, but the relevant hypotheses have not been rigorously tested at trophic and network levels due to a lack of long-term data of species interactions. Here, by using seed tagging and infrared camera tracking methods, we qualified the seed-rodent interactions, and analyzed the associations of rodent community stability with species diversity, species abundance, and seed-rodent network complexity of 15 patches in a subtropical forest from 2013 to 2021. A total of 47,400 seeds were released, 1,467 rodents were marked, and 110 seed-rodent networks were reconstructed to estimate species richness, species abundance, and seed-rodent network metrics. We found, from younger to older stands, species richness and abundance (biomass) of seeds increased, while those of rodents decreased, leading to a seed-rodent network with higher nestedness, linkage density, and generality in older stands, but higher connectance in younger stands. With the increase of temperature and precipitation, seed abundance (biomass), rodent abundance, and the growth rate of rodent abundance increased significantly. We found rodent community stability (i.e., the inverse of rodent abundance variability) was significantly and positively associated with seed diversity, seed availability, linkage density and generality of seed-rodent networks, providing evidence of supporting the Bottom-Up Diversity-Stability Hypotheses and the Abundant Food Diversity-Stability Hypothesis. Our findings highlight the significant role of resource diversity and availability in promoting consumers’ community stability at trophic and network levels, and the necessity of protecting biodiversity for increasing ecosystem stability under human disturbance and climate variation.
Prevalence of depression and its potential contributing factors in patients with enterostomy: A meta-analytical review
Authors: Tang Wymann Shao Wen , Chiang Li Ling Christine , Kwang Kay Wee , Zhang Melvyn Wei Bin 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveIn patients with intestinal pathologies, the placement of a stoma bag affects multiple aspects of their perceived quality of life. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the prevalence of depression among patients with enterostomy and to determine the underlying factors that could explain the potential heterogeneity of this prevalence.MethodsRelevant published studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science until May 2022. The random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with enterostomy using cross-sectional studies from various countries. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to identify factors contributing to heterogeneity. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for nonrandomized studies.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients with enterostomy, as calculated using the random-effects model, was 41.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.4–59.7%, Q-value = 145.794, df = 8, p &lt; 0.001, tau∧2 = 1.124, I∧2 = 94.513). The meta-regression found that mean age and gender were not significant moderators for the observed heterogeneity in prevalence. Subgroup analysis according to the indications for enterostomy formation showed that the prevalence of depression was highest in patients with colorectal cancer, at 34.4% (95% CI: 27.2–42.4%). Subgroup analysis by region showed that patients in Africa had the highest prevalence of depression, at 88.2% (95% CI: 76.1–94.6%), compared to other regions. Subgroup analysis by stoma indication was not significant.ConclusionThis meta-analysis reports that the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with enterostomy is 41.6%. Indications for enterostomy formation, as well as geographical region, were identified as potential sources of heterogeneity. These findings highlight the need for appropriate psychosocial support and interventions at different stages of enterostomy placement.
A case study on the effect of light and colors in the built environment on autistic children’s behavior
Authors: Nair Ashwini Sunil , Priya Radhakrishnan Shanthi , Rajagopal Prashanthini , Pradeepa Chandramouli , Senthil Ramalingam , Dhanalakshmi Samiappan , Lai Khin Wee , Wu Xiang , Zuo Xiaowei 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe importance of strategies and services by caregivers and family members substantially impact the psychological and emotional wellbeing of autistic children. The rapid research developments in clinical and non-clinical methods benefit the features of autistic children. Among various internal and external factors, the influence of the built environment also impacts the characteristics of autistic children. This study investigates primarily the psychological effect of light and colors on the mood and behavior of autistic children to identify the most favorable and preferred indoor lights and color shades.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted at an autism center among autistic children and their parents. This study included autistic children aged between 6 and 16 (45 males, 42 females, mean age 8.7 years, standard deviation 2.3). Eighty-seven participants were involved in the survey to determine the sensory perceptions, intolerance, preferences, and sensitivities of children with an autism spectrum disorder toward colors and lighting. The margin of error at the statistical analysis’s 95% confidence level is ± 0.481.ResultsAs per this case report, the children have various color preferences and respond differently to different shades. Different hues have varying effects on autistic children, with many neutral tones and mellow shades proven to be autistic-friendly with their calming and soothing effect, while bright, bold, and intense colors are refreshing and stimulating. The stimulus of bright-lighting causes behavioral changes in autistic children prone to light sensitivity.ConclusionThe insights gained from this interaction with parents and caretakers of autistic children could be helpful for designers to incorporate specific autistic-friendly design elements that make productive interior spaces. A complete understanding of the effect of factors like color and lighting on the learning ability and engagement of autistic children in an indoor environment is essential for designers and clinicians. The main findings of this study could be helpful for a designer and clinicians to address designing an autism-friendly built environment with a color palette and lighting scheme conducive to their wellbeing and to maximize their cognitive functioning.
How does the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic affect the interactions between the stock, oil, gold, currency, and cryptocurrency markets?
Authors: Su Jung-Bin , Kao Yu-Sheng 
Published: November 2022

This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic crisis affects the interactions between the stock, oil, gold, currency, and cryptocurrency markets. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the optimal asset allocation and optimal hedged strategy are also discussed. Empirical results show that the volatility spillover significantly exists in most of the ten paired markets whereas the return spillover and correlation are significant only for the few paired markets. Moreover, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the return spillover is the greatest followed by the correlation whereas the volatility spillover is not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the Quantitative easing (QE) implemented after the COVID-19 pandemic crisis increases the risk-adjusted return for each asset and minimum variance portfolio (MVP) and raises the correlation between two assets. In addition, most of the pairs of assets are not suitable to hedge each other except for a few pairs of assets. Regarding these few pairs of assets, the optimal hedge asset with the fewer hedge cost is accompanied by less risk reduction and vice versa. Finally, the investors should choose the euro to construct a portfolio to achieve risk diversification and to hedge gold or WTI to get the risk reduction. The above findings can help investors and fund managers make a useful investment strategy, optimal asset allocation, and effective hedged strategy. For example, the investors can use the volatility of one market to predict the volatility of another market and they can take a long position during the post-COVID-19 period but they should withdraw capital from the market when the QE tapering is executed.JEL classificationC52; C53; G15.