bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal pathogen transmission as a limiting factor in host distribution
Authors: Uricchio Lawrence H. , Bruns Emily L. , Hood Michael E. , Boots Mike , Antonovics Janis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTheoretical models suggest that infectious diseases could play a substantial role in determining the spatial extent of host species, but few studies have collected the empirical data required to test this hypothesis. Pathogens that sterilize their hosts or spread through frequency‐dependent transmission could have especially strong effects on the limits of species' distributions because diseased hosts that are sterilized but not killed may continue to produce infectious stages and frequency‐dependent transmission mechanisms are effective even at very low population densities. We collected spatial pathogen prevalence data and population abundance data for alpine carnations infected by the sterilizing pathogen Microbotryum dianthorum, a parasite that is spread through both frequency‐dependent (vector‐borne) and density‐dependent (aerial spore transmission) mechanisms. Our 13‐year study reveals rapid declines in population abundance without a compensatory decrease in pathogen prevalence. We apply a stochastic, spatial model of parasite spread that accommodates spatial habitat heterogeneity to investigate how the population dynamics depend on multimodal (frequency‐dependent and density‐dependent) transmission. We found that the observed rate of population decline could plausibly be explained by multimodal transmission, but is unlikely to be explained by either frequency‐dependent or density‐dependent mechanisms alone. Multimodal pathogen transmission rates high enough to explain the observed decline predicted that eventual local extinction of the host species is highly likely. Our results add to a growing body of literature showing how multimodal transmission can constrain species distributions in nature.
Exotic god fruit, persimmon (Diospyros kaki): Pharmacological importance and human health aspects
Authors: Choudhary Rita , Singh Anurag , Upadhyay Ashutosh , Singh Rakhi , Thangalakshmi S. , Dar Aamir H. , Bajpai Vivek K. , Shukla Shruti 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe persimmon fruit (Diospyros kaki) belonging to the family Ebenaceae, is a famous conventional Korean medicinal herb. Calyx of persimmon has been used to prepare herbal drinks in Korea, China, and Japan due to its various functional ingredients, including fructose, glucose, and triterpenoid. In addition, persimmon is generally used as traditional medicine in Korea for the treatment of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cough. Various useful constituents have been isolated and characterized from Diospyros species, including naphthaquinones, triterpenoids, and steroids. The fruit's nutritional composition comprising 80.3% water, 0.58% protein, 0.19% total lipids, 18.6% total carbohydrates and some minerals, and up to 1.48 g and 7.5 mg total dietary fiber, and ascorbic acid, respectively. Specifically, a flavonoid, fisetin, present in persimmon is associated with killing breast cancer cells without harming normal breast cells, thus contributing to the programmed eradication of colon and prostate cancer cells. Some other notable compounds reported from the various parts of the plant and their extracts have significant pharmaceutical values due to their antioxidant, anticancer, anti‐aging, and cytotoxic activities. It is, therefore, high time to promote the consumption of exotic fruits with a rich source of natural antioxidants as a functional supplement to the human diet, with a view to increase the disease protection efficacy.
BODIPY Immobilized MCM‐41 Based Multianalyte Sensor: Application in Detection and Removal of Trivalent (Al3+, Cr3+) and Divalent (Cu2+, Hg2+) Metal Ions in Aqueous Media
Authors: Chaudhary Garima , Pratap Singh Amit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present study, a novel p‐phenylcarboxylic acid BODIPY (L) immobilized MCM‐41 based solid chemosensor material L‐propylsilyl@MCM‐41 (MS4) was developed to detect multiple metal ions in a pure aqueous medium. The synthesized solid chemosensor material MS4 shows high sensitivity and removal ability towards trivalent (Al3+, Cr3+) and divalent (Cu2+, Hg2+) metal ions. The emission intensity of MS4 enhanced multifold selectively in the presence of trivalent (Al3+, Cr3+) metal ions and shows quenching in the presence of divalent (Cu2+, Hg2+) metal ions. The limit of detection was calculated to be in the nanomolar range with Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ metal ions in the aqueous medium. The spectroscopic and analytical results suggest that MS4 selectively binds with Al3+ and Cr3+ through −NH functionality and with Hg2+ and Cu2+ through −COOH functionality of p‐phenylcarboxylic acid BODIPY (L). Further, MS4 selectively removes Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ metal ions from the aqueous media with removal efficiency of 97.28 %, 96.34 %, 87.19 %, and 95.63 %, respectively. No noticeable change in the concentration was observed for other metal ions. The recycling potential of MS4 was evaluated using EDTA for up to seven cycles with no significant reduction in sensing capability.
Tandem Sulfonylation/Cyclization of Vinyl Azides with Aryldiazonium Tetrafluoroborates and SO2
Authors: Chen Fayun , Quan Li‐Xia , Zhou Anxi , Ji Congbin , Li Yanhong , Zhu Xianhong , Mao Liu‐Liang , Wan Jie‐Ping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn efficient and facile strategy for the synthesis of 6‐(sulfonylmethyl)phenanthridines and its derivatives has been developed via tandem sulfonylation cyclization of vinyl azides under mild conditions in the absence of any catalysts and additives. The reaction simply utilizes easily accessible and cheap K2S2O5as the sulfur dioxide source, delivering functionalized phenanthridines in moderate to excellent yields with operational simplicity and gram‐scale synthesis, as well as good functional‐group tolerance.
Simulating the response of buried structures to external blast loads: Methods, challenges, and advances
Authors: Keshavarz Mirza Mohammadi Payam , Khalilpour Seyed Hamed , Sareh Pooya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVarious methods have been proposed to ensure the serviceability of buried structures such as road tunnels, urban utility tunnels, water conduits, underground shelters, and deposition chambers against extreme loads, the most common of which are experimental and computational methods. An external explosion in the vicinity of such structures is one of these extreme loads. In general, different types of external blasting for buried structures can be classified as surface blasting, coupled or uncoupled buried explosions, excavation by drilling and blasting near the structure, and the accidental detonation of explosive depositions. Laboratory or field tests for explosions are usually limited by financial and safety constraints; therefore, numerical simulations are often regarded as a vital tool in the study of such problems. Though computer software and hardware have improved rapidly in recent decades, and various numerical solvers have been developed, there is no universal method for solving all external explosion problems. Each numerical method can produce sensible results under certain conditions and assumptions, along with its limitations in computational cost. Consequently, these problems have been particularly difficult to investigate, and even in some cases, the results of different studies seem to be inconsistent. Besides providing an extensive review of the available literature in the field of numerical simulation of external explosions near buried structures and a discussion of the damage criteria associated with such explosions, this study also highlights some inconsistencies that may need further investigation.
A review on data‐centric decision tools for offshore wind operation and maintenance activities: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Hadjoudj Yannis , Pandit Ravi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper reviews state‐of‐the‐art numerical tools for the operation and maintenance (O&M) of offshore wind farms, focusing on decision support models for maintenance scheduling and the consideration of human and environmental uncertainty. In this review, various factors that can influence the successful conduct of maintenance operations will be examined and special attention will be paid to the most significant ones. Data‐driven technologies for improved offshore asset management are also examined and the most used data‐driven methods for modeling and optimizing turbine operation and maintenance are presented. A focus will be placed on the choice of maintenance strategy, which is the basis for the planning of operations and thus the optimization problem discussed. As offshore maintenance is a complex operation whose efficiency and safety depend on human and environmental factors, special attention will be paid to the planning strategy that minimizes the risks involved while maximizing efficiency by considering these factors. The choice of planning technique for turbine maintenance and better consideration of uncertainties are crucial areas of improvement as they can lead to better overall efficiency, higher profit margins, better safety, and improved sustainability of offshore wind farms. The paper covers the application of digital technologies for offshore wind O&M planning and the associated challenges. The paper also highlights the various environmental and human factors to be considered for the operation and maintenance of wind turbines.
Heat transfer analysis in thermal energy storage—A comprehensive review‐based latent heat storage system
Authors: Kumar Alok , Kumar Arun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThermal energy storage (TES) system is the most eminent storage method that aids in the power generation. Latent heat storage (LHS) is on the rapid mark‐up that fosters the TES with the utilization of the phase transition of a material to store the heat. Typically the phase change materials (PCM) are used in the LHS system to store the energy. During the material's phase transition, thermal energy is stored and released. Nevertheless, the low thermal conductivity of the PCM in the LHS is susceptible to deteriorate the charging and discharging of the thermal energy. Hence there is a necessity to enhance the thermal performance of the LHS system, on which various studies have been done. Therefore this paper aims in providing a review on the enhancements of the LHS system with improved heat transfer rate and heat transfer enhancement techniques in the PCM for better efficiency. A comprehensive review on the LHS system component is provided to make an emphasis on the heat transfer enhancement rate and storage time. Various characterizations and categories of the PCM are provided to intensify the outcomes of the review as PCMs are most viable materials for storing thermal energy. In addition the recent researches on the integration of PCM with other materials are also discussed that help in the improvements of the thermal conductivity of the PCM. The selection parameters of the PCM materials are also discussed in brief to avoid the poor performance of the PCMs. The heat transfer analysis methods are analyzed to improve the efficiency and reduce the heat loss. Finally, advancements in the future trends for the enhancement of heat transfer is provided.
Entropy‐based complex proportional assessment for efficient task scheduling in fog computing
Authors: Malathy Navaneetha Krishnan , Revathi Thiyagarajan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe tasks are offloaded to fog computing instead of cloud computing to enhance the quality of service (QoS) of internet of things (IoT) applications. Though it provides improved QoS the accessibility of unremitting computation properties of fog servers is one among the limitations of IoT applications as transmitting a huge quantity of data may induce more energy consumption, cost, and increased makespan. Much research has been made to build up an efficient technique to address the multi–objective task scheduling in fog computing. One such method used to solve multiple objective problems in different domains is multi–criteria decision–making methods (MCDM). The MCDM Method named complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) has risen in popularity due to simple and fast computation. In this paper, a task scheduling algorithm (ECOPRAS) based on the integration of the entropy weight method and COPRAS method is proposed. The proposed technique consists of two phases that is, Task prioritization, and Task assignment. In the first phase, the task is ordered based on the heuristic method, B‐level and in the second phase, the task will be assigned based on the ranking provided by the ECOPRAS method. The proposed method aims at minimizing energy consumption, price, and makespan and maximizing the reliability and utilization rate. The simulation results are compared with similar algorithms through various workflows and the proposed method outperforms well.
Influx of T cells into corpus callosum increases axonal injury, but does not change the course of remyelination in toxic demyelination
Authors: Yilmaz Elif Nur , Albrecht Stefanie , Groll Katharina , Thomas Christian , Wallhorn Lutz , Herold Martin , Hucke Stephanie , Klotz Luisa , Kuhlmann Tanja 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a focal inflammatory and demyelinating disease. The inflammatory infiltrates consist of macrophages/microglia, T and B cells. Remyelination (RM) is an endogenous repair process which frequently fails in MS patients. In earlier studies, T cells either promoted or impaired RM. Here, we used the combined cuprizone/MOG‐EAE model to further dissect the functional role of T cells for RM. The combination of MOG immunization with cuprizone feeding targeted T cells to the corpus callosum and increased the extent of axonal injury. Global gene expression analyses demonstrated significant changes in the inflammatory environment; however, additional MOG immunization did not alter the course of RM. Our results suggest that the inflammatory environment in the combined model affects axons and oligodendrocytes differently and that oligodendroglial lineage cells might be less susceptible to T cell mediated injury.
In search of light in the darkness: What can we learn from ethical, sustainable and green investments?
Authors: Uddin Gazi Salah , Yahya Muhammad , Ahmed Ali , Park Donghyun , Tian Shu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe analyse time‐varying risk spillover and dependence to assess the systemic risk benefits of ethical, sustainable, and green investments. Our data comprise sustainable investments from ethical, environmental, social and governance (ESG), and green bonds. We investigate the link to major asset classes, including equity, commodity, and currency markets. We find evidence of close connection between the major asset classes and sustainable assets, except green bonds. We also explore the improvement in hedging efficiency from combining ethical and ESG investments with commodities and currencies over investment horizons. Our analysis based on systemic risk measures indicates that there is evidence of lower time‐scale systemic risk connectedness in the case of commodities and currencies combined with ethical and ESG assets. These findings have significant implications for portfolio managers, policymakers, and market participants.
Feasibility and impact of a postpartum hemorrhage emergency care package using a bundle approach in Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Gonte Madeleine R. , Peifer Hannah G. , Meara Grace , Otieno Brenda , Oguttu Monica , Burke Thomas F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the PPH Emergency Care package (PPH EmC)—a holistic intervention that uses a bundle approach that has been implemented in Kenya, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Central America—in a low‐resource setting.MethodsThe feasibility and impact of PPH EmC implementation in Migori County, Kenya was studied using a qualitative research design. In March and April 2022 key informants were identified using purposive sampling. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted over Zoom from March to May 2022 until thematic saturation was reached. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for emerging themes.ResultsPPH EmC has positively impacted facility and health system preparedness, referral coordination, teamwork and communication, and overall capacity to provide quality PPH emergency care. Participants reported that PPH EmC is sustainable because of its low cost and support from local partners.ConclusionImplementation of PPH EmC in Migori County, Kenya was feasible and positively impacted PPH emergency care.
Proton storage chemistry in aqueous zinc‐organic batteries: A review
Authors: Deng Xianming , Sarpong James Kumankuma , Zhang Guobin , Hao Jing , Zhao Xu , Li Linyuan , Li Hongfei , Han Cuiping , Li Baohua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBenefiting from the advantageous features of structural diversity and resource renewability, organic electroactive compounds are considered as attractive cathode materials for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs). In this review, we discuss the recent developments of organic electrode materials for aqueous ZIBs. Although the proton (H+) storage chemistry in aqueous Zn‐organic batteries has triggered an overwhelming literature surge in recent years, this topic remains controversial. Therefore, our review focuses on this significant issue and summarizes the reported electrochemical mechanisms, including pure Zn2+ intercalation, pure H+ storage, and H+/Zn2+ co‐storage. Moreover, the impact of H+ storage on the electrochemical performance of aqueous ZIBs is discussed systematically. Given the significance of H+ storage, we also highlight the relevant characterization methods employed. Finally, perspectives and directions on further understanding the charge storage mechanisms of organic materials are outlined. We hope that this review will stimulate more attention on the H+ storage chemistry of organic electrode materials to advance our understanding and further its application.image
Fast optical‐writing recognition based on two‐dimensional photothermoelectric effect assisted with deep learning
Authors: Zhong Yujia , Fang Haoyu , Ran Yutong , Zhu Hongwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe photothermoelectric (PTE) effect enables a simple structure to construct a noncontact and self‐powered writing device. PTE detectors based on active materials and one‐dimensional (1D) position‐sensitive PTE effect have attracted considerable attentions. However, there is no research on applying the 1D position‐sensitive PTE effect to a two‐dimensional (2D) surface. Besides, flexible writing devices based on the PTE effect have not been reported. Here, we demonstrate a self‐powered flexible optical writing device based on the 2D position‐sensitive PTE effect of SnSe thin film. Laser positioning, tracking, and distinguishing of optically written characters have been realized by only measuring the bi‐directional output voltages during the writing process. A deep convolutional neural network has been introduced to recognize optically written numbers and characters with high recognition accuracy (92%) and fast processing speed (8.6 ms). The flexible optical‐writing device with a simple structure could rapidly and accurately recognize characters in a noncontact fashion using a small amount of training data.image
Oxygen‐modulated metal nitride clusters with moderate binding ability to insoluble Li2Sx for reversible polysulfide electrocatalysis
Authors: Cheng Menghao , Xing Zhenyu , Yan Rui , Zhao Zhenyang , Ma Tian , Zhou Mi , Liu Xikui , Li Shuang , Cheng Chong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultiphase sulfur redox reactions with advanced homogeneous and heterogeneous electrochemical processes in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries possess sluggish kinetics. The slow kinetics leads to significant capacity decay during charge/discharge processes. Therefore, electrocatalysts with adequate sulfur‐redox properties are required to accelerate reversible polysulfide conversion in cathodes. In this study, we have fabricated an oxygen‐modulated metal nitride cluster (C‐MoNx‐O) that has a moderate binding ability to the insoluble Li2Sx for reversible polysulfide electrocatalysis. A Li–S battery equipped with C‐MoNx‐O electrocatalyst displayed a high discharge capacity of 875 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C. The capacity decay rate of each cycle was only 0.10% after 280 cycles, which is much lower than the control groups (C‐MoOx: 0.16%; C‐MoNx: 0.21%). Kinetic studies and theoretical calculations suggest that C‐MoNx‐O electrocatalyst presents a moderate binding ability to the insoluble Li2S2 and Li2S when compared to the C‐MoOx and C‐MoNx surfaces. Thus, the C‐MoNx‐O can effectively immobilize and reversibly catalyze the solid–solid conversion of Li2S2–Li2S during charge–discharge cycling, thus promoting reaction kinetics and eliminating the shuttle effect. This study to design oxygen‐doped metal nitrides provides innovative structures and reversible solid–solid conversions to overcome the sluggish redox chemistry of polysulfides.image
Effect of near‐infrared and blue laser light on vero E6 cells SARS‐CoV‐2 infection model
Authors: Zupin Luisa , Clemente Libera , Fontana Francesco , Crovella Sergio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) employing laser light has been emerging as a safe strategy to challenge viruses. In this study the effect of blue and near‐infrared (NIR) laser light was assessed in an in vitro model of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. PBMT at blue wavelength inhibited viral amplification when the virus was directly irradiated and then transferred to cell culture and when cells already infected were treated. The NIR wavelength resulted less efficacious showing a minor effect on the reduction of the viral load. The cells receiving the irradiated virus or directly irradiated rescued their viability to level comparable to not treated cells. Virion integrity and antigenicity were preserved after blue and NIR irradiation, suggesting that the PBMT antiviral effect was not correlated to viral lipidic envelope disruption. Our results suggested that PBMT can be considered a valid strategy to counteract SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, at least in vitro.
Miniature intravascular photoacoustic endoscopy with coaxial excitation and detection
Authors: Lin Riqiang , Zhang Qi , Lv Shengmiao , Zhang Jiaming , Wang Xiatian , Shi Dongliang , Gong Xiaojing , Lam Kwok‐ho 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent research pointed out that the degree of inflammation in the adventitia could correlate with the severity of atherosclerotic plaques. Intravascular photoacoustic endoscopy can provide the information of arterial morphology and plaque composition, and even detecting the inflammation. However, most reported work used a noncoaxial configuration for the photoacoustic catheter design, which formed a limited light‐sound overlap area for imaging so as to miss the adventitia information. Here we developed a novel 0.9 mm‐diameter intravascular photoacoustic catheter with coaxial excitation and detection to resolve the aforementioned issue. A miniature hollow ultrasound transducer with a 0.18 mm‐diameter orifice in the center was successfully fabricated. To show the significance and merits of our design, phantom and ex vivo imaging experiments were conducted on both coaxial and noncoaxial catheters for comparison. The results demonstrated that the coaxial catheter exhibited much better photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging performance from the intima to the adventitia.