bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on medical students` performance in surgical OSCE examination in a German University Hospital: a retrospective analysis before, during and after pandemic
Authors: Manzini Giulia , Denzinger Maximilian , Kornmann Marko , Hines Ian N. , Kremer Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 had a significant impact on medical education. Aim of this work is to assess if the pandemic has influenced medical student performance on the surgical Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).
Methods
Student performance at a German University Hospital during surgical OSCE (before, during, and after pandemic) were compared. 3 OSCE stations were considered: visceral surgical cases with clinical abdominal examination, suturing and description of visceral surgical operation techniques. Student`s marks were compared among the three groups above using the Student t-test for independent samples.
Results
423 students took part in one of the three OSCE. Performance in solving clinical cases and performing an abdominal examination was better before pandemic than during pandemic (p = 0,04) as well as after pandemic than during pandemic (p = 0.02). Suturing was better during pandemic than before (p < 0.001) as well as after pandemic (p < 0.001). Performance in surgical technique was not different among the groups.
Conclusions
Cessation of the practical internship reduced student performance on clinical case and abdominal examination section but not on suturing or surgical technique sections. These data suggest that alternative approaches to instruction including online education may be sufficient for some but not all aspects of the surgical internship.
An On-site-based Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Scalable and Energy-Efficient Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhu Rongxin , Yang Qiuling 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the advancements of wireless sensor networks and the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT), underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have attracted much attention, which also has been widely used in marine engineering exploration and disaster prevention. However, UASNs still face many challenges, including high propagation latency, limited bandwidth, and energy consumption, influencing the reliability of data transmission. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol based on the on-site architecture (SROA) for UASNs to improve network scalability, energy efficiency, and transmission reliability. The on-site architecture adopted by SROA is different from the most architectures in that the data center is deployed underwater which makes the sink nodes closer to the data source. The SROA is a cluster-based protocol which adapts to the changes of network scale and avoids single-point failure through the decentralized and distributed sensor networks. To seek optimal routing policies, the factors of energy, delay, and link quality are considered jointly in the reward function of Q-Learning. Moreover, the reduction of packet retransmissions and collisions is advocated using a waiting mechanism developed from opportunistic routing (OR). The SROA realizes opportunistic routing to choose candidate nodes and coordinate packet forwarding among candidate nodes. Scalability of the proposed routing protocols is also analyzed by varying the network size and transmission range. According to the evaluation results, with the network scale ranging from 100 to 500, the SROA outperforms the existing routing protocols, extensively increasing packet delivery ratio and decreasing end-to-end delay.
Fabrication of highly crystalline covalent organic framework for solid-phase extraction of three dyes from food and water samples
Authors: Wang Junji , Tao Yongqing , Wang Luchun , Tian Meng , Yang Yulian , Liu Qiuyi , Zou Yuemeng , Liu Shaochi , Niu Hong , Wang Dandan , Gao Die 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The harm caused by dye pollution in water or excessive dyes in food has seriously threatened human health, and thus the monitor and removal of the dyes in environmental water and food are of great significance. In present study, covalent organic framework (namely COF-TFTP), which was fabricated at room temperature by using 1,3,5-tris(p-formylphenyl) benzene and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene as building blocks, was employed as an adsrobent for solid-phase extraction (SPE) of dyes including congo red, methyl blue and direct red 80 for the first time. The physicochemical properties of COF-TFTP were investigated by using SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and so on. The results revealed that COF-TFTP showed uniform spherical structure, high crystallinity, satisfactory surface area, and good thermal stability. The results of adsorption experiments indicated that COF-TFTP had good adsorption capacities for congo red, methyl blue and direct red 80 (284.10, 177.62 and 55.25 mg⋅g− 1) and the adsorption equilibrium can be achieved in a relatively short time (15 min). Further, to achieve the best adsorption effects of COF-TFTP, the influence parameters including pH, ionic strength, type of desorption solvent, the COF-TFTP dosage in SPE column, were optimized in turn. Finally, under the optimal SPE conditions, COF-TFTP based SPE was applied to the adsorption of congo red and methyl blue in food samples (e.g. pork and fish), to the adsorption of three dyes in water samples. The recoveries of dyes in environmental water samples (71.50-86.84%) and food samples (68.50-88.95%) were satisfactory, revealing the unique applicability of COF-TFTP in sample pretreatment field.
Assessment Of Bromochloroacetonitrile Formed As A Disinfection Byproduct in an HaCaT Cells
Authors: Fayadoglu Elif , Fayadoglu Mustafa , Koparal A Tansu , Koparal Ali Savas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bromochloroacetonitrile is a disinfection byproduct of water chlorination. We investigated, the cytotoxic effects of bromochloroacetonitrile in human keratinocyte cells. Cells were exposed to 5–80 µM bromochloroacetonitrile for 24 and 48 h. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Lactate Dehydrogenase Leakage assays was used to evaluate cytotoxic effects. The changes in cellular Reactive Oxygen Species was determined. In addition, the effect of bromochloroacetonitrile on wound healing in cell culture was investigated by the scratch test. Concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity was observed. Increasing concentrations of bromochloroacetonitrile have been observed to induce reactive oxygen species assay production in human keratinocyte cells. It was determined that concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 µM of bromochloroacetonitrile did not have a negative effect on wound healing, but when toxic concentrations of 40, 60 and 80 µM were increased, it had a slowing effect on wound healing. In this study, the effects of bromochloroacetonitrile on human keratinocyte cells were evaluated for the first time in the literature.
Analysis of domain-specific function reveals significant plasticity in BCR-ABL signaling
Authors: Gregor Tomas , Bosakova Michaela , Nita Alexandru , Feketova Zuzana , Fafilek Bohumil , Czyrek Aleksandra , Mayer Jiri , Trantirek Lukas , Krejci Pavel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Discontinuation of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy leads to relapse in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), suggesting that TKIs do not completely eliminate cancer cells. Recently, we showed that TKIs inhibit catalytic activity of BCR-ABL, but do not dissolve the BCR-ABL core complex, consisting of signaling mediators SHC1, GRB2, SOS1, cCBL, SHIP2, p85a, STS1, and CRKL. Here, we examined the contribution of the BCR-ABL structural domains to downstream signaling. Individual deletion of the coiled-coil domain, ABL-binding domain, intrinsically disordered region, and SH3 and SH2 domains downregulated, but not eliminated the BCR-ABL-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT5, SHC1, SHIP2 and CRKL. Moreover, elimination of the BCR residue Y177 upregulated signaling via the RAS-ERK MAP kinase pathway, possibly through increased BCR-ABL interaction with the SHC1. We demonstrate that removal of individual BCR-ABL domains does not abolish downstream signaling, and may even increase activation of some pathways, such as RAS-ERK. Our data point to significant plasticity in the BCR-ABL signaling, and undermine targeting integrity of the BCR-ABL core complex as an approach to eliminate residual cancer cells in TKI-treated CML.
In vitro susceptibility of HIV isolates with high growth capability to antiretroviral drugs
Authors: H Alfredo Jr. A. , Kanai Kyosuke , Tsuneki-Tokunaga Akeno , Komatsu Mizuki , Telan Elizabeth O , Kageyama Seiji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It has been considered that reduced antiretroviral susceptibility can occur with drug-resistance mutations in the HIV genome. In the present study, we assessed the susceptibility of HIV isolates with high growth capability to antiretroviral drugs using an in vitro model. Phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1.5×106 cells) were infected with HIV isolates (106 copies/mL). The culture was carried out at different concentrations (0.001–20 µM) of 13 synthetic antiretroviral compounds (six nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, four integrase inhibitors, and two protease inhibitors), and HIV production was assessed using HIV-RNA copies in culture. The 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) and pharmacokinetics of an antiretroviral agent were used as parameters to determine the reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility of HIV isolates with high growth capability to synthetic antiretroviral compounds. The high growth capability of HIV isolates affected their susceptibility to tenofovir (IC90 = 2.05 ± 0.40 µM), lamivudine (IC90 = 6.83 ± 3.96 µM), emtricitabine (IC90 = 0.68 ± 0.37 µM), and efavirenz (IC90 = 3.65 ± 0.77 µM). These antiretroviral drugs showed IC90 values close to or above the Cmin-Cmax range against HIV isolates with a high growth capability without any drug resistance-related mutations. Our results may contribute to the development of effective antiretroviral therapy strategies to tailor and individualize ART in patients harboring HIV isolates with a high growth capability.
Lactate levels and CD3+ T cells indicate how well patients with sepsis would respond to treatment: a single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Wang Xibo , Peng Yahui , Zhou Yang , Zhang Qianqian , Luo Yinghao , Li Nana , Li Yue , Luan Feiyu , Wei Jieling , Ji Yuanyuan , Mu Wenjing , Wang Jun , Wang Chunying , Yu Kaijiang , Zhao Mingyan , Wang Changsong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and aims Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death in intensive care units. Numerous studies have been performed on lymphocyte immunity in sepsis patients, but they seldom pay attention to whether lactate levels and T lymphocytes affect sepsis immunity. This study focused on how well lactate levels and CD3+ T cells will influence the outcome of sepsis patients.
Methods This is a single-center retrospective investigation. All of the participants satisfied the diagnostic standards for sepsis 3.0. We collected the results of the lymphocyte subset within 24 hours of admission to ICU as well as the first lactate levels and other medical indicators.Followed up the patients for 28 days, we separated the participants into survival and mortality groups and then we processed uni-variate and multivariate analyses.
Results A total of 132 sepsis patients who were older than 18 years old and met the diagnostic standards for sepsis 3.0 were included. Only 107 patients, including 53 in the survival group and 54 in the mortality group, were enrolled into statistical analysis. Based on uni-variate and multivariate analysis results, lactate levels and the quantity of CD3+ T cells were independent predictive markers that affected 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.
ConclusionInitial lactate levels at ICU admission may predict outcomes in sepsis patients, and CD3+ T-lymphocyte will influence how well a patient will respond to treatment. Patients with elevated lactate levels and overall lower CD3+ T-cell counts at ICU admission should receive greater care and powerful medication.
Trial registration：retrospectively registered
Detection of porcine cytomegalovirus, a roseolovirus, in pig ovaries and follicular fluid: Implications for somatic cells nuclear transfer, cloning and xenotransplantation
Authors: Hansen Sabrina , Fischer Konrad , Krabben Ludwig , Carrapeiro Alexander Rinke , Klinger Bernhard , Schnieke Angelika , Kaufer Benedikt , Denner Joachim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) is a porcine roseolovirus (PCMV/PRV) which is widely distributed in pigs. Transmission of PCMV/PRV in preclinical xenotransplantations was shown to significantly reduce the survival time of the pig transplants in non-human primates. PCMV/PRV was also transmitted in the first transplantation of a pig heart into a human patient. To analyze how PCMV/PRV could be introduced into pig breeds, especially considering cloned transgenic pigs, and subsequently spread in breeding facilities, we screened ovaries and derived materials which are used to perform somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Methods: DNA was isolated from ovary tissues, follicular fluids, oocytes with cumulus cells, denuded oocytes and parthenotes. A real-time PCR with PCMV/PRV-specific primers and probes was performed to detect PCMV/PRV. Furthermore, a Western blot assay using a recombinant fragment of the gB protein of PCMV/PRV was performed to screen for virus-specific antibodies in the follicular fluids.
Results: PCMV/PRV was found by real-time PCR in ovary tissues, in the follicular fluid and in oocytes. In parthenotes the virus could not be detected, most-likely due to the low amount of DNA used. By Western blot assay specific antibodies against PCMV/PRV in 19 of 20 analyzed follicular fluids were found.
Conclusion: PCMV/PRV was found in ovary tissues, in the follicular fluids and also in denuded oocytes, indicating that the virus is present in the animals of which the oocytes were taken from. Despite several washing steps of the denuded oocytes, which are subsequently used for microinjection or SCNT, the virus could still be detected. Therefore, the virus could infect oocytes during genetic modifications or stay attached to the surface of the oocytes, potentially infecting SCNT recipient animals.
Sociodemographic, Clinical and Geriatric Characteristics Associated with Poor Atrial Fibrillation-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Atrial Fibrillation: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pierre-Louis Isabelle C. , Saczynski Jane S. , Lopez-Pintado Sara , Waring Molly E. , Abu Hawa O. , Goldberg Robert J. , Kiefe Catarina I. , Helm Robert , McManus David D. , Bamgbade Benita A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background.
Though previous research has assessed sociodemographic, clinical and geriatric factors associated with poor atrial fibrillation-related quality of life (AFQoL); few studies have examined a battery of geriatric factors. The objective of this study is to describe eight geriatric factors, as well as the sociodemographic and clinical factors, associated with poor AFQoL in older adults with atrial fibrillation.
Methods.
Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a prospective cohort study of participants aged 65 + with high stroke risk and atrial fibrillation. AFQoL was measured using the validated Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (score 0-100) and categorized as poor (< 80) or good (80–100). Chi-square and t-tests were used to evaluate differences in factors across poor AFQoL and significant characteristics (p < 0.05) were entered into a multivariate logistic regression models to identify variables independently related to poor AFQoL.
Results.
Of 1,244 participants (mean age 75.5 [standard deviations: 7.1] years, 49% female), 42% reported poor AFQoL. Having a fall in the past 6 months, pre/frail & frailty, depression, anxiety, social isolation, vision impairment, oral anticoagulant therapy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and taking more than 12 medications daily were associated with higher odds of poor AFQoL. Being married and having a college education were associated with a lower odds of poor AFQoL.
Conclusions.
More than 4 out 10 older adults with AF reported poor AFQoL. Geriatric characteristics significantly associated with higher odds of reporting poor AFQoL include falls in the past 6 months, frailty, elevated depressive symptoms, elevated symptoms of anxiety, social isolation and vision impairment. Findings from this study may help clinicians screen for patients with poor AFQoL who could benefit from tailored management to ensure the delivery of patient-centered care and improved well-being among older adults with atrial fibrillation.
Peripartum Ruptured Uterine Angioleiomyoma
Authors: Mohamed Nora , Almasalma Ayman 
Published: October 2022

Uterine angioleiomyoma is a rare entity. Angioleiomyoma is a benign vascular tumor that originates fromthe blood vessels. Although exceptionally they can be found in the uterus, they are commonly reportedin the lower extremity. Preoperative diagnosis is tricky. We are publishing this case to highlight uterinecontractions as a possible cause of the peripartum rupture.
The patient was in her fourth pregnancy, with a history of three vaginal deliveries. She presented to theemergency department in our hospital with labor pain, at 39 weeks of gestation, and was admitted to thelabor unit in active labor. She had an uneventful vaginal delivery with a good neonatal outcome. Afterdelivery, the patient complained of abdominal pain, shoulder tip pain, and abdominal distention.
Examination revealed a tender mass felt on the left side of the uterus up to the left hypochondriac region, contracted uterus, and normal lochia. A CT (computed tomography) scan was carried out and was remarkable for a left-sided, mixed-density, abdominopelvic lesion, measuring 18×12×9 cm, and a moderate amount of hemoperitoneum. Intraoperatively there was 1 liter of free blood, ruptured left-sided, subserous myoma connected to a 20×15 cm hematoma. A myomectomy was carried out. Histopathology reported an angioleiomyoma with symplastic-type cells.
Although infrequent, complicated angioleomyoma should be suspected in the differential diagnosis ofabdominopelvic hematoma in patients with uterine fibroids
Does intermittent supply result in hydraulic transients? Mixed evidence from two systems
Authors: Erickson John J. , Nelson Kara L. , Meyer David D. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pressure transients can cause severe damage in continuous water supply pipe networks, but little is known about pressure transients in intermittent networks. Published examples of high-frequency pressure monitoring in intermittent networks are lacking. Intermittent supply can be caused by poor network condition and is associated with delivering less water, less frequently, and with poorer quality than continuous supply. Given the frequency with which intermittent systems drain, fill, and change supply regimes, pressure transients have been hypothesized to be common and to be one mechanism by which intermittent supply further degrades network condition. We present supply start-up data from two very different intermittent systems: a low-pressure, intermittent network in Delhi, India, and a higher-pressure intermittent network in Arraiján, Panama. Across monitoring locations at both sites, we did not detect substantial pressure transients due to pipe filling. In Arraiján, pump start-ups, pump shutdowns, and pipe bursts were associated with potentially problematic transients. We conclude that pipe filling in intermittent supply does not always result in concerning pressure transients. The largest risks to pipe conditions we observed were due to pumping changes in close succession; hence, we recommend that utilities operating intermittent (and continuous) systems leave adequate dissipation time between changes in pump operation.
Isolation and Bioactivities of Limonoids from Meliaceae Family: A Review
Authors: Hieu Tran Trung , Thuy Phan Thi , Duc Dau Xuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Limonoids are the most representative metabolites present in the order Rutales, which includes the families Rutaceae, Meliaceae and Cneoraceae. They are tetranortriterpenoids with a 4,4,8-trimethyl-17-furanylsteroidal skeleton, containing several oxygenated functions. The Meliaceae family consists of 50 genera with more than 1400 species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Plants of this family are found to be rich in limonoids. Limonoids from Meliaceae family exhibit a diverse range of bioactivities cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antifeedant, activities and some of them have been commercially used for different purposes. Numerous studies on limonoids from Meliaceae family and their bioactivities have been reported recently. This review covers the isolation and structure determination of limonoids reported during 2012–2022. 1172 novel limonoids in 118 papers have been summarized. Furthermore, important biological activities of these limonoids have also been outlined. This review can provide useful information for medicinal and pesticidal chemistry and phytochemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of limonoids.
Demystifying Bacteriocins of Human Microbiota by Genome Guided Prospects:
An Impetus to Rekindle the Antimicrobial Research
Authors: Thomas Sabu , Suryaletha Karthika , Savithri Akhila Velappan , Nayar Seema A. , Asokan Sijo , Rajeswary Divya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The human microbiome is a reservoir of potential bacteriocins that can counteract with the multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens. Unlike antibiotics, bacteriocins selectively inhibit a spectrum of competent bacteria and are said to safeguard gut commensals, reducing the chance of dysbiosis. Bacteriocinogenic probiotics or bacteriocins of human origin will be more pertinent in human physiological conditions for therapeutic applications to act against invading pathogens. Recent advancement in the omics approach enables the mining of diverse and novel bacteriocins by identifying biosynthetic gene clusters from the human microbial genome, pangenome or shotgun metagenome, which is a breakthrough in the discovery line of novel bacteriocins. This review summarizes the most recent trends and therapeutic potential of bacteriocins of human microbial origin, and the advancement in the in silico algorithms and databases in the discovery of novel bacteriocin, and how to bridge the gap between the discovery of bacteriocin genes from big datasets and their in vitro production. Besides, the later part of the review discussed the various impediments in their clinical applications and possible solution to bring them in the frontline therapeutics to control infections, thereby meeting the challenges of global antimicrobial resistance.