bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ATS/JRS/ALAT Guidelines for Diagnosis of Humidifier Lung and Summer-Type Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Authors: Sakamoto Susumu , Masuoka Marie , Usui Yusuke , Shimizu Hiroshige , Sekiya Muneyuki , Miyoshi Shion , Nakamura Yasuhiko , Urabe Naohisa , Isshiki Takuma , Isobe Kazutoshi , Takai Yujiro , Kurosaki Atsuko , Homma Sakae , Kishi Kazuma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The ATS/JRS/ALAT Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (GL for HP) were published in 2020. Humidifier lung and summer-type HP are forms of HP, but it is unclear whether they can be diagnosed using the GL for HP. This study examined the level of confidence with which humidifier lung and summer-type HP can be diagnosed with the GL for HP.Methods: Data from 23 patients with humidifier lung and 20 patients with summer-type HP (mean age, 67.3 and 57.4 years, respectively) diagnosed between October 2012 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) findings, exposures, and histopathological findings to determine the level of confidence with which a diagnosis of HP could be made using the GL for HP. Results: HRCT pattern was classified as typical HP in 5 (22%) and compatible with HP in 18 (78%) patients with humidifier lung and judged as typical HP in 17 (85%) and compatible with HP in 3 (15%) summer-type-HP patients. The confidence level for diagnosis of HP was definite in 2 (8.7%), moderate in 14 (60.9%), and low in 7 (30.4%) patients with humidifier lung. It was definite in 12 (60%), high in 3 (15%), and moderate in 5 (25%) patients with summer-type HP.Conclusions: The GL for HP showed utility in the diagnosis of humidifier lung in many patients with a moderate to low confidence. There was, however, a definite to high confidence for patients with summer-type HP.
Analysis of endometrial lavage microbiota reveals an increased relative abundance of the plastic-degrading bacteria Bacillus pseudofirmus and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila in women with endometrial cancer/endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Chao Angel , Chao An-Shine , Lin Chiao-Yun , Weng Cindy Hsuan , Wu Ren-Chin , Yeh Yuan-Ming , Huang Shih-Sin , Lee Yun-Shien , Lai Chyong-Huey , Huang Huei-Jean , Tang Yun-Hsin , Lin Yu-Shan , Wang Chin-Jung , Wu Kai-Yun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence rates are rapidly growing in several countries, but the underlying pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. We undertook this study to compare the microbiota composition of endometrial lavage specimens obtained from Taiwanese patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and EC, respectively versus women with benign uterine conditions.Methods: Endometrial lavage bacterial microbiota of 32 Taiwanese women who had undergone office hysteroscopy was characterized by 16S rRNA V3−V4 gene sequence analysis. Patients with either a newly diagnosed or known history of EH/EC (n = 24) and control women with benign uterine lesions (n = 8) were compared in terms of richness, diversity, and composition of endometrial lavage microbiota. Validation was performed using real-time QPCR (EH/EC, n = 46; control, n = 13). Microbiota datasets from Human Microbiome Project and the Integrative Human Microbiome Project were retrieved and compared.Results: At the species level, Bacillus pseudofirmus and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila – two plastic-degrading bacteria – were overrepresented in endometrial lavage specimens sampled from patients with EH/EC. The functional profiles of endometrial lavage microbiota differed between patients with EH/EC and control women, being associated with fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. A decrease in Lactobacillus was observed in EH/EC when compared to microbiota of cervix and vagina of healthy individuals. Conclusions: The plastic-degrading bacteria Bacillus pseudofirmus and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila may be a microbial signature of endometrial carcinogenesis in Taiwan, suggesting that patients with EH/EC may have increased exposure to environmental pollutants.
Effect of Administration of Tranexamic Acid on Blood Loss and Transfusion Requirements in Children Undergoing Posterior Fossa Tumor Excision: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Thakkar Keta , Moorthy Ranjith K , Yadav Bijesh , George Smitha Elizabeth , Singh Georgene 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSurgical resection of posterior fossa tumors (PFT) in the pediatric age group often results in significant intraoperative blood loss. The primary objective was to assess the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss and transfusion requirement in pediatrics undergoing excision of PFTs. Methods: In this retrospective study, all pediatric patients ≤18 years, who underwent PFT resection over a period of 7 years were included. The patient and surgical characteristics estimated blood loss (EBL), the need for blood and blood product transfusion, use of crystalloids, vasopressors, and any adverse events like seizures and thromboembolic events were recorded and compared between Group A who received TXA and Group B who did not.Results:The study included 50 patients, out of which 36 belonged to Group A and 14 to Group B. The median age was 8 years (IQR, 2-17) and the mean BMI was 16.46±4.11 kg/m2. The mean EBL was 224.29±110.36 ml in Group A (n=36) and 362±180.11 ml in Group B (n=14), (p-= 0.007). The intraoperative volume of crystalloid use was significantly higher in Group B (p= 0.04). The requirement of blood and blood product transfusion was similar between the groups, but the volume of blood transfusion per kg body weight was higher in Group B, 8.3 (IQR, 6.7-11.1) ml/kg versus 10.5 (IQR, 8.1-16.1) ml/kg in group A (p-value 0.3) The rates of complications noted in the form of seizures and thromboembolic events were comparable. Conclusion:The use of TXA in the pediatric population undergoing PFT resection aids in reducing blood loss during the surgery without increasing complications.
Effects of lead and cadmium combined heavy metals on liver function and lipid metabolism in mice
Authors: Chen Huaguo , Zhu Chengxiang , Zhou Xin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although a large number of studies have been conducted on individual lead (Pb) or cadmium (Cd) exposures, the toxicity of combined Pb and Cd exposures is relatively limited. The present study aims to investigate toxicity of Pb-Cd combined heavy metals and its mechanism. A heavy metal exposure model was established by subcutaneous intragastric administration of Pb-Cd (50:1) for 35 days in mice. The body weight, diet, hair color, mental state, liver index, hematological index, biochemical indicators and pathological section were used to comprehensively evaluate the toxicity reaction. Then, classical oxidative stress indexes and lipidomics techniques had been used to explore the potential mechanism. The results showed that Pb-Cd could cause inappetite, poor spirit, significantly reduced activity, slow weight gain and dark hair color in mice. Pb-Cd could also cause liver enlargement, AST and ALT enzyme activities significantly increased, and pathological changes of liver. Prolonged exposure to c could also cause PCT, WBC, PLT and MON significantly increased, and RBC, HGB, HCT and LYM decreased. Pb-Cd can increase the oxidative stress by increasing the activity of SOD and LDH and the content of MDA. Pb-Cd also could cause lipid metabolism disorders by regulating linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism.
The Assessment of Nigella Sativa oil as a Therapeutic Aid for Gingivitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahman Ishrat , Mohammed Afrah , AlShiddi Manal A. , Algazlan Alanoud , Alwably Alanoud , Hebbal Mamata , Omar Maha Galal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
We investigated the clinical anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of Nigella Sativa oil compared with chlorhexidine in patients with gingivitis assessing clinical parameters and gingival IL-6 and IL-18 levels and supra-gingival plaque analysis to determine if Nigella Sativa oil is comparable in efficacy to chlorhexidine and if it could be used for treating gingivitis.
Materials and Methods
A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted in patients having chronic generalized gingivitis. Patients were randomly assigned to Group 1: Nigella sativa oil (NS) (n = 18) or Group 2: chlorhexidine (CHX) (n = 19). GCF and plaque samples were collected on day 0 and day 15. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and gingival IL-6 and IL-18 levels were measured. Colony-forming units (CFU) were quantified from plaque cultures, and α-hemolytic streptococcus strains were identified.
Results
CHX and NS reduced PI and GI scores (p < 0.0001). NS was better at reducing gingival IL-6 (p = 0.0076) than CHX (p = 0.145). Neither NS (p = 0.284) or CHX (p = 0.418) reduced IL-18 levels. There was no difference in the post-intervention PI and GI scores and inflammatory cytokine levels between treatments. Both NS and CHX caused a significant reduction in the CFU (p < 0.0001) and a reduction of pathogenic bacteria; S. mitis, S. oralis, S. sanguinis, and S. parasanguinis in 50% of CHX patients (p = 0.1031) and 20% of NS patients (p = 0.7395).
Conclusions
NS demonstrated comparable efficacy to CHX at reducing clinical parameters.
Clinical Relevance:
NS may be an alternative therapeutic option in treating gingivitis.
WITHDRAWN: Temperature modeling and experimental analysis of high speed milling titanium alloy
Authors: Liu Jianping , Liu Changfu , Liu Kuo , Yan Boling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Titanium alloy is widely used in aerospace and other fields because of its high strength, low density, good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. In high speed milling titanium alloy, due to the poor thermal conductivity of titanium alloy and the change of cutting mechanism caused by high speed machining, it is great significance to study the cutting temperature in high speed milling process. Based on the moving heat source method, the temperature field model of milling workpiece considering spiral edge was established, and the influence of milling speed on workpiece temperature was analyzed through the change of heat flux during milling. The thermocouple wireless temperature acquisition system was used to record the change of workpiece surface temperature in the milling process, and MATLAB was used for the simulation analysis of milling temperature. The results showed that the cutting speed mainly affected the heat flux of the heat source, thereby caused temperature rise of the workpiece. The peak temperature and response speed of measuring point are different in varying spindle speeds and measuring point positions.
Early Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Sepsis with or without Renal Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Zhang Haoyue , Li Ziping , Zheng Weiqiang , Yang Tianqi , Zhang Linlin , Yu Yonghao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
It is unknown whether the early renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation strategy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis with or without renal failure provides clinical benefit.
Patients and methods:
A total of 745 patients with ARDS complicated by sepsis admitted to the ICU of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were included in the analysis. Early RRT was defined as initiating the RRT strategy within 24 hours of admission. The relationship between early RRT and clinical outcomes, including primary (30-day mortality) and secondary (90-day mortality, serum creatinine level, oxygenation index, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, cumulative fluid output, and cumulative fluid balance), was primarily compared using propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
A total of 263 patients (35.3% of the total population) received an early RRT initiation strategy before PSM. After PSM, a cohort of 130 patients with early CRRT and 130 patients without early CRRT with matched baseline characteristics was constructed. Early RRT was not significantly associated with 30- [hazard ratio (HR): 1.37, 95%CI: 0.91–2.06, P = 0.127] or 90-day mortality (HR: 1.29, 95%CI: 0.89–1.88, P = 0.182). At each time point within 72 hours after admission, there was no significant difference in oxygenation index and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation between the early RRT group and the no early RRT group. Early RRT significantly increased total output at all time points within 72 h of admission but only reached a statistically significant negative fluid balance at 72 h (P = 0.016).
Conclusions
Early RRT initiation strategies had no statistically significant survival benefit in ICU patients with ARDS and sepsis, with or without renal failure, nor did they significantly improve oxygenation or shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation. The use and timing of RRT in these patients should be thoroughly investigated.
Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Water Productivity and Yield of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) at Melkassa, Centeral Rift Valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Abera , Mersha Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The experiment was conducted at Melkassa Agricultural Research Center during the off-season under a semi-arid climatic condition where moisture stress is higher. The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation on water productivity and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).The experiment was a split-plot design with three common bean varieties as main plots and four deficit irrigation levels as subplots all of which were replicated three times. Four deficit irrigation levels 100%ETc, 85%ETc, 70%ETc, 55%ETc and three varieties SER-119, Biofortified small seed-5, and Awash-2 were used for treatment combination. The combined result indicates that there was a significant variation among treatments for yield, above-ground biomass and water productivity. All common bean varieties were significantly affected under deficit irrigation levels. Consequently, the highest yield (3.4 ton/ha) was obtained from irrigating 100%ETc followed by (3.2 ton/ha) with 85%ETc less yield reduction. In contrast, the intermediate (2.8 ton/ha) and smallest yield (2.4 ton/ha) was obtained from irrigating 70 ETc and 55%ETc.Water productivity ranged from (0.83 kg/m3) at full irrigation to (1.33 kg/m3) at higher deficit irrigation. In a limited water supply situation, the goals were to gain the highest possible yield and higher water productivity. The result of the economic analysis showed that the highest net benefit was obtained from irrigating the full 100%ETc of the three common bean varieties. In a semi-arid area, the available water is a limiting factor for crop production. So irrigating common beans with moderate deficit irrigation practices can shows an important solution for water-saving and common bean production. In this study irrigating common bean varieties from 70%ETc to 85% ETc are recommended because they gave nearly similar grain yields to that of 100%ETc. If the availability of water is the most scarce resource application of 55% ETc is also possible since the marginal rate of return is greater than 50%.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Loneliness and Social Isolation Among Medical Residents: A Multi-center Cross-sectional Study
Authors: E Shaolong , Ying Tianshu , Liu Dongmei , Bai Song , Liu Xiuping , Su Hui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction and objectives: Although loneliness and social isolation are growing public health concerns, there is little knowledge of the experience of medical residents who are usually young adults. We aimed to explore the prevalence and associated risk factors of loneliness and social isolation in medical residents.Method: A multi-center cross-sectional study that included 1,338 medical residents from eight centers in China was conducted in February 2020. A self-report questionnaire was used to record participants’ demographic characteristics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological outcomes. Loneliness and isolation were measured using the Revised UCLA loneliness scale. Multiple logistic analysis was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals.Results: The effective response rate was 87.28% (1,338/1,533). Of the respondents, 24.40% reported loneliness and 44.50% reported social isolation. Three shared independent factors for loneliness and social isolation were identified: sleep quality (OR = 1.189; OR = 1.197; P < 0.001 for both), marital status (married vs. single, OR = 0.565, P = 0.007; OR = 0.486, P = 0.022) and perceived organization support (OR = 0.966; OR = 0.970, P < 0.001 for both).Conclusions: There is considerable prevalence of loneliness and social isolation among medical residents in China. Poor sleep quality, singlehood, and the absence of organizational support are shared risk factors for both loneliness and social isolation. Policymakers are encouraged to develop comprehensive strategies for preventing loneliness and social isolation.
Effect of heat generation on heat and mass transfer over a radially stretching surface embedded in porous medium with chemical reaction and activation energy
Authors: Elbashbeshy Elsayed M. A. , Asker Hamada Galal , Emam Tarek G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effect of heat generation on heat and mass transfer over a radially stretching surface embedded in a porous medium with chemical reaction and activation energy are numerically discussed. The governing boundary layer equations are formulated and transformed into ordinary differential equations using a suitable similarity transformation. The resulting ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by applying the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with the shooting technique. The influence of the different parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration are discussed and analyzed. The skin friction coefficient, the Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are also computed and investigated for different embedded parameters in the problem statements.
Transcriptomic profiling reveals an enhancer RNA signature for recurrence prediction in colorectal cancer
Authors: Sahu Divya , Lin Chen-Ching , Goel Ajay 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide, and this is in part due to high rates of tumor recurrence in these patients. Currently, TNM staging remains the gold standard for predicting prognosis and recurrence in CRC patients; however, this approach is inadequate for the identification of high-risk patients who have the highest likelihood of disease recurrence. Recent evidence has revealed that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) represent a higher level of cellular regulation and their expression is frequently dysregulated in several cancers including CRC. However, the clinical significance of eRNAs as recurrence predictor biomarkers in CRC remains unexplored, which was the primary aim of this study.
Results
We performed a systematic analysis of eRNA expression profiles in colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC) patients, from the TCGA dataset. By using rigorous biomarker discovery approaches, by splitting the entire dataset into a training and the testing cohort, we identified a 22-eRNA panel in CC, and a 19-eRNA panel in RC for predicting tumor recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that biomarker panels robustly stratified low and high-risk CC (P = 7.29e-05) and RC (P = 6.81e-03) patients with recurrence. Multivariate and LASSO Cox regression models indicated that both biomarker panels were independent predictors of recurrence, and significantly superior to TNM staging in CC (HR = 11.89, P = 9.54e-04) and RC (HR = 3.91, P = 3.52e-02). Importantly, the ROC curves demonstrated that both panels exhibited excellent recurrence prediction accuracy in CC (AUC = 0.833; 95% CI: 0.74–0.93) and RC (AUC = 0.834; 95% CI: 0.72–0.92) patients. Subsequently, a combination signature which included the eRNA panels along with TNM staging achieved an even greater predictive accuracy in patients with CC (AUC = 0.85).
Conclusion
Herein, we report a novel eRNA signature for predicting recurrence in patients with CRC. Further experimental validation in independent clinical cohorts, these biomarkers have the potential to improve current risk stratification approaches for guiding precision oncology treatments in patients suffering from this lethal malignancy.
Effect of acid pre-treatment on the anaerobic co-digestion of physicochemical sludge, poultry manure and sugarcane wastes (SCW) for biogas production
Authors: Nava-Valente Noemi , Aguilar-Hernández Eduardo , Alvarado-Lassman Alejandro , Contreras Juan Manuel Méndez 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In Mexico, productive activities related to poultry farming and the sugarcane industry generate large amounts of three byproducts: physicochemical residual sludge, poultry manure, and sugarcane wastes, which have high concentrations of organic matter and lignocellulosic material. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acid pre-treatment, with different doses of acetic acid (2%, 3%, and 4% v.v− 1) and exposure times of 30, 60, and 90 min on the solubilization of organic matter and biogas production in the anaerobic co-digestion of a mixture of agroindustrial wastes (residual sludge, chicken manure, and sugarcane wastes). The biodegradability and biogas production were evaluated by anaerobic digestion for 30 days. Finally, for 90 days semi-continuously, the increase in applied organic load of 1 kg VS m− 3 d− 1 was considered with Δ1 kg VS m− 3 d− 1 every 30 days until reaching 3 kg m− 3 d− 1. Acid pre-treatment with a dose of 4% acetic acid and an exposure time of 90 min improved the solubility and hydrolysis, considered the limiting stage of the anaerobic process, reducing the hydraulic retention time from 19 to 11 d, and increasing biogas yields (Ybio=609 ± 11.7 to 1857.2 ± 7.5 Lbio gVSrem−1) and methane (YCH4 = 426.9 ± 8.19 to 1392.9 ± 5.65 LCH4 gVSrem−1).