bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of Online Second Language Interactional Competence in a German-Israeli Virtual Exchange
Authors: Drixler Nils 
Published: December 2022

Virtual Exchange (VE) is a method of intercultural online learning in which groups of learners collaborate with partners from another culture or geographical area in joint projects. Lingua Franca VEs combine numerous advantages, such as the acquisition of digital and intercultural skills, and further create an environment in which the foreign language is used in an authentic and immersive setting. Although VE is a highly communicative method, Second Language Interactional Competence (L2 IC) has barely been subjected to scientific scrutiny in this context yet.
By investigating the first thirty minutes of ten initial student group meetings, this cross-sectional study explores the interactional resources that participants display during online talk-in-interaction. Multimodal Conversation Analysis is applied to the data consisting of GAT2 transcriptions of recorded ZOOM video conferences. These online meetings between EFL undergraduate students in secondary school teacher training are part of the VE project Extended Telecollaboration Practice (Waldman, Harel & Schwab, 2019) between Israel and Germany which was initiated in 2015 and is still on-going.
This paper depicts the online-specific strategies that EFL-students adopt in order to gain common ground. Further, it will argue that some L2 IC features, such as turn-taking and multilingual resources, come with particular dynamics and characteristics in a VE context.
Regulation of iNOS -NF-kappa B- COX-2 inflammatory pathway by alpha-pinene neuroprotective effects in brain ischemia model
Authors: Erfani Sohaila , Khoshnazar Seyedeh Mahdieh , afzali Fatemeh Ephtekhar , Abdolmaleki Arash , Moghadam Bahram Farhadi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Abstract
Objectives Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion leads to brain tissue injury. Inflammation and apoptosis play pivotal roles in the pathology. α-Pinene is an organic compound of many aromatic plants and is known as a potent agent to possess antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we sought to identify the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis mechanism by which α-Pinene improves brain ischemia injury.
Methods Male Wistar rats underwent MCAO surgery for 1 hour and different doses of alpha-pinene (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected immediately after reperfusion to test this hypothesis. IV, NDS, gene and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, and caspase-3 were assessed 24h after reperfusion.
Key findings Results demonstrated that NF-κB p65, iNOS, and COX-2 gene and protein expression increased in the hippocampus, cortex, and striatum after 24 h of reperfusion, and alpha-pinene significantly inhibited NF-kB p65, iNOS, and COX-2 expression. Also, alpha-pinene significantly reduced the ischemia/reperfusion-induced caspase-3 activation in CA1 area of hippocampus.
Conclusions Results showed that alpha-pinene protects the cerebral against ischemic damage caused by MCAO, and this effect may be through the regulating iNOS -NF-kappa B- COX-2 and caspas-3 inflammatory and apoptotic pathways.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Efficacy and Tolerability of Duodenal Released Ferrous Glycine Sulfate Supplement versus Ferrous Sulfate in Anemic Pregnant Women
Authors: Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Shariat Mamak , Raznahan Maedeh , moradi raheleh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Anemia is a common cause of perinatal outcomes, including preterm delivery, neonatal neurodevelopmental problems, and indirect maternal death. As iron deficiency is the first acquired factor in the development of anemia, the appropriate nutrition of mothers and an accurate supplementation is recommended.
Objectives: To determine the effects and gastrointestinal tolerance of one type of oral supplements with Ferrous sulfate glycine compared with Ferrous sulfate in anemic pregnant women.
Methods: This study was performed on anemic pregnant women referring to the prenatal clinic in Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, from 2019 to 2021. The women randomized into two groups of Ferro fort duodenal or Ferrous sulfate. In 16-20 and 24-28 weeks of gestation, data including of hemoglobin and ferritin changes as well as gastrointestinal tolerability were evaluated and analyzed by SPSS version 23.
Results: From a total of 50 participants in every group, 16 and 33 women respectively completed the study with Ferrous sulfate and Ferro fort duodenal. After 8 weeks of starting the supplementation, decrease of hemoglobin and increase of ferritin were respectively observed in the groups of Ferrous sulfate and Ferro fort duodenal. Comparison between the two groups also showed a significant increase of hemoglobin in women consuming Ferro fort duodenal compared to Ferrous sulfate (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Although improvement of hematology indices in Ferro fort duodenal group compared with Ferrous sulfate was shown, further clinical trials are needed to lead to confirmation or modification of our results.
Impact of the 2018-2020 Democratic Republic of Congo Ebola epidemic on health system utilization and health outcomes
Authors: Quattrochi John , Malemo Luc Kalisya , Niehuus Rachel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background.In the 2018-2020 Ebola epidemic in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, 3,481 people were infected, resulting in 2,299 deaths. We assessed the impact on health system utilization and health outcomes.
Methods.From January to March 2020, a retrospective cross-sectional survey was administered to 3,631 households in Ebola-affected and non-affected health zones in North Kivu province. We tested for associations between residence in an Ebola zone and outcomes using linear models. Administrative data from health facilities in Ebola zones was also used to test for statistically significant changes in operative volume and disease rates before and during the epidemic.
Findings. Operative volume before the epidemic was statistically indistinguishable from during the epidemic, but households in Ebola zones were 16 percentage points more likely to report going to the hospital more often than normal because of free access (p<0.01). Households in Ebola zones reported fewer measles vaccinations and less willingness to vaccinate children compared to non-Ebola zones; however, the administrative data showed no change in vaccination before and during Ebola in Ebola zones. Households in Ebola zones reported fewer cases of childhood measles and diarrhea compared to non-Ebola zones, although the administrative data showed no change in either, comparing before-Ebola to during-Ebola in Ebola zones.
Conclusion. The Ebola epidemic does not appear to have had large effects on health system utilization or health outcomes (other than Ebola virus disease). This suggests that the Congolese and international response were successful in maintaining health system capacity during the epidemic.
Deep Medullary Vein Score is Associated with Burden of White Matter Hyperintensities
Authors: Lan HaiYuan , Lei Xinjun , Wang Huimei , Xu ZhiHua , Wu Ling Xiu , Zhang Hong , Yu Jie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the correlation between the deep medullary vein (DMV) score and the burden of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs).
Methods
The baseline clinical and imaging data of 130 patients were analyzed prospectively. DMVs were divided into 6 anatomic regions on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) images, with each region scored 0 to 3 based on the visual condition of the vessels, and the DMV score was obtained by adding the scores of the 6 regions. The WHM burden was calculated with the WMH volumes and Fazekas scores for periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PWMHs) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMHs) on FLAIR images.
Results
The WMH volumes and PWMH and DWMH Fazekas scores were correlated with age ,the DMVscore,and blood pressure (P < 0.05), while not correlated with gender, diabetes, hyperlipidemia or smoking (P > 0.05). After multivariate analysis, the DMV score was independently associated with the WMH volume and the PWMH and DWMH Fazekas scores (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The DMV score is correlated with the WMHs burden.
Reform of Environmental Protection Fee - to - Tax and Firms' Labor Share: Quasi-Natural Experimental Evidence Based on the Enforcement of the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China
Authors: Xiao Qian , Jiang Yaohui , Li Rong , Xiao Sidi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There is no conclusion on whether green development can symbiotically coexist with shared development, and the effect of environmental protection tax on labor share provides new evidence to answer this question. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the change in labor share in the exogenous impact of the enforcement of the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China and proposes relevant hypotheses. At the same time, the empirical data of listed firms on the main board from 2013 to 2019 are collected. A difference-in-differences model is constructed to test the hypotheses empirically. The study found that the reform of environmental protection fee-to-tax reduced the labor share of high-polluting firms by an average of about 1.43%. However, it did not significantly reduce the share of corporate executives' income. The reform of environmental protection fee-to-tax reduces the labor share of high-polluting firms through the crowding-out effect and the substitution effect of production technology. The heterogeneity study revealed that the reform of environmental protection fee-to-tax has more substantial negative impacts on firms with high financing constraints, low market concerns and low government subsidies. There is no significant difference between the impact on state-owned and private firms. The reform of environmental protection fee-to-tax has a more substantial negative impact on the firms in Central and Western China than those in more economically developed Eastern China.
KRAS activation in gastric cancer stem-like cells promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis
Authors: Yoon Changhwan , Lu Jun , Jun Yukyung , Suh Yun-Suhk , Kim Bang-Jin , Till Jacob , Kim Jong Hyun , Ryeom Sandra , Yoon Sam S. , Keshavjee Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Our previous work showed that KRAS activation in gastric cancer cells leads to activation of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and generation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Here we analyze how this KRAS activation in gastric CSCs promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Gastric cancer CSCs were found to secrete pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and inhibition of KRAS markedly reduced secretion of these factors. In a genetically engineered mouse model, gastric tumorigenesis was markedly attenuated when both KRAS and VEGF-A signaling were blocked. In orthotropic implant and experimental metastasis models, silencing of KRAS and VEGF-A using shRNA in gastric CSCs abrogated primary tumor formation, lymph node metastasis, and lung metastasis far greater than individual silencing of KRAS or VEGF-A. Analysis of gastric cancer patient samples using RNA sequencing revealed a clear association between high expression of the gastric CSC marker CD44 and expression of both KRAS and VEGF-A, and high CD44 and VEGF-A expression predicted worse overall survival. In conclusion, KRAS activation in gastric CSCs enhances secretion of pro-angiogenic factors and promotes tumor progression and metastasis.
The effects of HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial wellbeing among adolescents in Ghana: the mediating role of child maltreatment
Authors: Doku Paul , Ananga Mark Kwame , Jehu-Appiah Noranolda , Akohene Kofi Mensah , Debrah Timothy Pritchard , Nsatimba Frederick 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The relationship between parental HIV/AIDS status or death and child mental health is well known, although the role of child maltreatment as a confounder or mediator in this relationship remains uncertain. This study examined the potential path mechanism through child maltreatment mediating the link between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial wellbeing.
Method
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Lower Manya Municipal Assembly of Ghana. A questionnaire which consisted of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Social and Health Assessment (SAHA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) was completed by 291 adolescents.
Results
Controlling for relevant sociodemographic confounders, mediation analyses using linear regression were fitted to examine whether the association between family dysfunction and psychosocial wellbeing is mediated by child maltreatment. The results indicate that, among adolescents, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between being orphaned by AIDS and self-esteem (b = .59 [95%CI .32, .91], delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .56 [95%CI .31, .86] and peer problems (b = .74 [95%CI .48, 1.03]. Similarly, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between living with an HIV/AIDS-infected parent and self-esteem (b = .78 [95%CI .43, 1.23], delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .76 [95%CI .45, 1.11], depression/emotional problems (b = .64 [95%CI .40, .92] and peer problems (b = .94 [95%CI .66, 1.26]. Partial mediation was found for hyperactivity.
Conclusion
Child maltreatment mediates the association between the family dysfunction trajectories of parental HIV/AIDS or death and psychosocial wellbeing among adolescents. This implies that efforts to address child maltreatment among families affected by HIV/AIDS may be helpful in the prevention of psychological distress among these children, thus enhancing their wellbeing. The findings therefore underscore the need for comprehensive psychosocial interventions that addresses both the unique negative exposures of HIV/AIDS and maltreatment for children affected by HIV.
Family Wellbeing in General Practice: A study protocol for a cluster-randomised trial of the web-based Resilience Programme on Early Child Development
Authors: Overbeck Gritt , Kragstrup Jakob , Gørtz Mette , Rasmussen Ida Scheel , Graungaard Anette Hauskov , Siersma Volkert Dirk , de Voss Sarah Strøyer , Ertmann Ruth Kirk , Shahrzad Sinead , Appel Clara Lundmark , Wilson Philip 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Social, emotional and behavioural problems in early childhood are associated with increased risk for a wide range of poor outcomes associated with substantial cost and impact on society as a whole. Some of these problems are rooted in the early mother-infant relationship and might be prevented. In Denmark, primary health care has a central role in preventive care during pregnancy and the first years of the child’s life and general practice provides opportunities to promote a healthy mother-infant relationship in early parenthood.
Objective: In the context of standardised antenatal and child development assessments focused on psychosocial wellbeing, we examine the impact of a complex intervention designed to improve maternal mentalisation skills, involving training of general practice clinicians and signposting towards a web-based resource. Joint main outcomes are child socio-emotional and language development at age 30 months measured by parentally reported questionnaires (Communicative Development Inventory and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).
Methods: The study is a cluster-randomised controlled trial based in general practices in the Capital Region and the Zealand Region of Denmark. Seventy practices were included. Practices were randomised by a computer algorithm in a ratio of 1:1 to intervention or control groups. Each practice was asked to recruit up to 30 women consecutively at their first scheduled antenatal assessment. Clinicians in both groups received one day of training in preventive antenatal and child development consultations with added focus on parental psychosocial well-being, social support, and parent-child interaction. These preventive consultations delivered in both trial arms require enhanced data recording about psychosocial factors. In intervention clinics, clinicians were asked to signpost a web page at three scheduled antenatal consultations and at four scheduled consultations when the child is five weeks, five months, one and two years.
Discussion: We hypothesise that the intervention will increase mothers’ ability to be sensitive to their child’s mental state to an extent that improves the child’s language and mental state at 30 months of age measured by parent-reported questionnaires.
Trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04129359. Registered Oct 16 2019 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04129359
Defects in canine sperm motility associated with telomere shortening and changes in expression of shelterin genes
Authors: Hassanpour Hossein , Mirshokraei Pezhman , Salehpour Marzieh , Amiri Khadije , Ghareghani Parvin , Nasiri Leila 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Motion quality is a critical property of sperm to do its essential functions. Several endogenous and exogenous factors are involved in sperm motility. Here, we, for the first time, measured the relative telomere length and evaluated the gene expression of its binding-proteins, as shelterin complex (TRF1, TRF2, RAP1, POT1, TIN2, and TPP1) in sperm of dogs using relative quantitative real-time PCR and compared them between two sperm subpopulations with low and high motion qualities (separated by swim-up method). Telomere shortening and alterations of shelterin gene expression result from ROS, genotoxic insults, and genetic predisposition.
Results
Sperm kinematic parameters were measured in two subpopulations and then telomeric index of each parameter was calculated. Telomeric index for linearity, VSL, VCL, STR, BCF, and ALH were significantly more in the up-sperms group (high quality) than the down-sperms (low quality) group. We demonstrated that low motion quality is associated with shorter telomere, higher expression of TRF2, POT1, and TIN2 genes, and lower expression of the RAP1 gene in dog sperm. Expression of TRF1 and TPP1 genes was stable with changing of sperm quality and telomere length.
Conclusion
Data provided evidence that there are considerable changes in gene expression of many shelterin components (TRF2, TIN2, POT1and RAP1) associated with shortening telomere in the spermatozoa with low motion quality. Possibly, the downward motion quality is the result of defects in the shelterin complex and telomere length. Our data suggests a new approach in the animal semen assessment and etiologic studies of animal male infertility.
Recognising and responding to acute deterioration in care home residents: a scoping review
Authors: Hodge Sevim Y. , Ali Mohammad R. , Hui Ada , Logan Pip , Gordon Adam L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To collate evidence on how care home workers recognise and respond acute deterioration (AD) in residents using published primary research, non-indexed and grey literature including policies, guidelines and protocols.
Methods
A systematic scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. Searches were conducted using: CINAHL (EBSCOhost), EMCARE (OVID), MEDLINE (OVID) and HMIC (OVID). Snowball searches of reference lists of included studies were conducted. Studies that featured care homes with/without nursing and provided 24/7 care to residents were included.
Results
382 studies were identified from four databases. After reviewing all studies against inclusion criteria, four were included in the review. No further studies were identified from snowball searches. All included studies used qualitative methods and were conducted in Australia. Three themes were identified from the review: identifying residents with AD; managing AD and factors affecting recognition and response to AD.
DMA2022-Martensite transformation and its microscopic mechanism of TRIP duplex stainless steel under cyclic loading
Authors: Zou Zongyuan , Liu Guannan , Wang Hongzhong , Zhai Donglin , Chen Lei , Jin Miao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Because of the features of high strength and high plasticity, TRIP duplex stainless steels can achieve the purpose of lightweight and reduce fuel consumption and emissions. In order to further develop and apply the lightweight metastable duplex stainless steel, the martensite transformation and the microscopic mechanism of Mn-N alloyed TRIP duplex stainless steel under the cyclic loading were studied. The in-situ measurement platform of martensite transformation under the cyclic loading was built by the INSTRON 8801 series servohydraulic testing machine and FMP30 ferrite measuring instrument. The volume fraction of martensite transformation under symmetrical cyclic loading of different cycles with strain amplitudes of 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9%, 1.1% and 1.3% were measured. The transformation law of martensite under the cyclic loading was analyzed, and the kinetics model of martensite transformation under the cyclic loading was established; The martensite transformation law, the effect of austenite grain orientation on martensite transformation and the microscopic mechanism of martensite transformation under the cyclic loading were analyzed by the electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD) and the transmission electron microscope(TEM).
Improvement of Spatial Estimation for Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Yuksekova Plain using Sentinel 2 imagery and Gradient Descent Boosted Regression Tree
Authors: Budak Mesut , Günal Elif , Kılıç Miraç , Çelik İsmail , Sırrı Mesut , Acir Nurullah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Carbon sequestration in earth surface is higher than the atmosphere, and the amount of carbon stored in wetlands is much greater than all other land surfaces. The purpose of this study was to estimate soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS) and investigate spatial distribution pattern of Yuksekova wetlands and surrounding lands in Hakkari province of Turkey using machine learning and remote sensing data. Total carbon stock in study area was calculated at 10-cm vertical resolution in 0 to 30 cm depth for 50 sampling locations. Vegetation, soil and moisture indices were calculated using Sentinel 2 Multispectral Sensor Instrument (MSI) data. Significant correlations were obtained between the indices and SOCS, thus, the remote sensing indices were used as covariates in Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) and Gradient Descent Boosted Regression Tree (GBDT) machine learning models. Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error were 3.94 (Mg C ha − 1), 6.64 (Mg C ha− 1) and 9.97%, respectively. The Simple Ratio Clay Index (SRCI), which represents the soil texture, was the most important factor in the SOCS estimation variance. In addition, the relationship between SRCI and Topsoil Grain Size Index revealed that topsoil clay content is a highly important parameter in spatial variation of SOCS. The spatial SOCS values obtained using the GBDT model and the mean SOCS values of the CORINE land lover classes were significantly different. The wetlands had the highest SOCS (61.46 Mg C ha− 1), followed by the lands principally occupied by natural vegetation and used as rangelands around the wetland (50.22 Mg C ha− 1). Environmental conditions have significant effect on SOCS which has high spatial variation in the study area. Reliable spatial SOCS information was obtained with the combination of Sentinel-2 guided multi-index remote sensing modeling strategy and the GBDT model. Therefore, the spatial estimation of SOCS can be successfully carried out with up-to-date machine learning algorithms only using remote sensing data. Reliable estimation of SOCS in wetlands and surrounding lands can help understand policy and decision makers the importance of wetlands in mitigating the negative impacts of global warming .