bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and contributing factors of major coal bursts in longwall mines
Authors: Zhao Wusheng , Qin Changkun , Xiao Ziyi , Chen Weizhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoal burst has become one of the most serious hazards in longwall coal mines of many countries, and extensive studies have been conducted on the mechanism, prediction, and prevention of coal bursts. However, most of these studies focus on qualitative descriptions of burst environments and specific case analyses. Few studies have been carried out to explore knowledge through a number of past coal bursts in longwall mines. The main objective is to quantitatively analyze the current burst‐prone conditions in longwall coal mines of China and to summarize corresponding lessons. A database consisting of 54 major coal bursts was established. The characteristics and contributing factors of involved coal bursts were analyzed quantitatively, and high‐risk areas that are common in coal mines were then identified. Finally, some suggestions and lessons were proposed. This study may help for identifying controlling factors and high‐risk areas at a specific mine, and it might provide insights into the control of coal bursts in longwall coal mines.
The long‐run effects of diagnosis related group payment on hospital lengths of stay in a publicly funded health care system: Evidence from 15 years of micro data
Authors: Aragón María José , Chalkley Martin , Kreif Noémi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiagnosis Related Group (DRG) payment systems are a common means of paying for hospital services. They reward greater activity and therefore potentially encourage more rapid treatment. This paper uses 15 years of administrative data to examine the impact of a DRG system introduced in England on hospital lengths of stay. We utilize different econometric models, exploiting within and cross jurisdiction variation, to identify policy effects, finding that the reduction of lengths of stay was greater than previously estimated and grew over time. This constitutes new and important evidence of the ability of financing reform to generate substantial and persistent change in healthcare delivery.
Outcomes after definitive surgery for mandibular osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Contrera Kevin J. , Chinn Steven B. , Weber Randal S. , Roberts Dianna , Myers Jeffery N. , Lai Stephen Y. , Lewis Carol M. , Hessel Amy C. , Gillenwater Ann M. , Mulcahy Collin F. , Yu Peirong , Hanasono Matthew M. , Fuller Clifton D. , Chambers Mark S. , Zafereo Mark E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze charges, complications, survival, and functional outcomes for definitive surgery of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of 76 patients who underwent segmental mandibulectomy with reconstruction from 2000 to 2009.ResultsComplications occurred in 49 (65%) patients and were associated with preoperative drainage (odds ratio [OR] 4.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–19.27). The adjusted median charge was $343 000, and higher charges were associated with double flap reconstruction (OR 8.15, 95% CI 2.19–30.29) and smoking (OR 5.91, 95% CI 1.69–20.72). Improved swallow was associated with age <67 years (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.16–12.17) and preoperative swallow (OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.23–9.51). Five‐year ORN‐recurrence‐free survival was 93% while overall survival was 63% and associated with pulmonary disease (HR [hazard ratio] 3.57, 95% CI 1.43–8.94).ConclusionsAlthough recurrence of ORN is rare, surgical complications are common and charges are high. Poorer outcomes and higher charges are associated with preoperative factors.
A pilot study of vidofludimus calcium for treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Carey Elizabeth J. , Eaton John , Clayton Mitchell , Gossard Andrea , Iqbal Sara , Ullah Hamid , Zhang Nan , Butterfield Richard , Lindor Keith D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vidofludimus calcium (VC) in the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). This was a single‐arm open‐label pilot study with a cohort of 18 patients with PSC. Study patients received VC for a period of 6 months. The study was undertaken at two sites, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, and Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ. The primary endpoint of the study was improvement of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at the end of the study. Secondary endpoints included assessment of other liver biomarkers (bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase). Of 18 patients enrolled, 11 completed the 6 months of study treatment. Patients who completed treatment versus those who did not were similar other than a significantly higher direct bilirubin at baseline in the group that completed treatment (mean ± SD, 0.4 ± 0.3 versus 0.1 ± 0.1, p = 0.04). By intent to treat analysis, the primary outcome was met in 16.7% (3/18) of patients. By per‐protocol analysis, including only patients who completed treatment, normalization of ALP occurred in 27.7% (3/11) at week 24 (95% confidence interval, 6.0% to 61.0%). VC was well tolerated with no drug‐related serious adverse events. Conclusion: This proof of concept study provides support for further exploration of VC in patients with PSC.
Ni‐Catalyzed Regioselective Cyclotrimerization of Internal Esteryl Alkynes towards Polysubstituted Benzene Rings
Authors: Hou Chao , Ma Yan , Zhang Yongqi , Xu Huiling , Wu Yuanqi , Zhao Jinbo , Wang Yuchao , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of alkynes is a core synthetic approach to benzene rings. Herein we describe an efficient system based on inexpensive nickel catalyst and phosphine ligand that facilitate cyclotrimerization of various internal esteryl alkynes. The regioselectivity of the protocol was precisely controlled, and a series of polysubstituted benzene rings mainly composed of 1,2,4‐isomers were provided.
Impact of the electromagnetic flow of an MHD Casson fluid over an oscillating porous plate
Authors: Rajaram Vijayaragavan , Varadharaj Bharathi , Jayavel Prakash 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study deals with the effect of electric force and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of the transient state on natural convection flow past an oscillating vertical plate. In addition to this, thermal radiation and porous media are also examined in the Casson fluid flow. The Poisson‐Boltzmann equation is employed to show the electric potential character within the fluid region, which is put into a linear form by the implementation of Debye–Hückel linearization. It is possible to compute the precise solution to the governing equations using the Laplace transform approach. The expression of fluid velocity, fluid concentration, and temperature are exposed graphically, and numerical results for Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are also derived for vital pertinent flow constraints. Increasing electroosmosis parameters strongly boosts fluid velocity. The nonnegative values of the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity highly induce the axial velocity and the negative value decelerates. With increasing radiation strength and Prandtl number, the fluid's temperature distribution diminishes. These more intricate electrokinetic rheological flows associated with electroosmotic separators, such as biomedical absorbers, are illuminated by these models.
Risk-based prioritization of organic substances in the Canadian National Pollutant Release Inventory using an evaluative regional-scale multimedia mass balance model
Authors: Berthiaume Alicia , Arnot Jon A. , Toose Liisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is a Canadian inventory of facility-reported data on releases, transfers, and disposals of over 300 pollutants, but it does not contain information on chemical properties or other characteristics critical to understanding environmental and human health risks. To reconcile this gap, we use the Risk Assessment IDentification And Ranking (RAIDAR) model to integrate NPRI release data with chemical property information in a multimedia mass balance model to combine exposure estimates with toxicity hazard data yielding an estimate of risk for 198 NPRI organic substances reported in 2010–2019. The presented case study further corroborates the hypothesis that risk-based ranking gives rise to different chemical priorities versus ranking based on release quantity alone. Chemicals like propane and hexane (except n-hexane) are in the top 10 highest-ranked organic substances based on emission quantities reported to NPRI but are ranked outside the top 10 based on corresponding regional-scale risk estimates. On the contrary, dioxins and furans are ranked very low based on emissions quantities reported to NPRI but are ranked higher based on corresponding risk estimates. The results also suggest that although quantities of some NPRI organic pollutant releases change over time, the ensuing risk estimates are not always directly proportional to these changes. This can be explained by changes in mode of entry to the environment that can influence the overall fate and exposure of the same chemicals, highlighting the complex dynamics that can occur when simulating fate and risk as opposed to quantity alone. Limitations are discussed and recommendations are provided for improving the priority setting methods, including reducing the uncertainty of the NPRI data and the need for multimedia models to address point source emissions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1722–1732. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
KEY POINTS
The NPRI is a Canadian inventory of pollutant releases, transfers, and disposals, but does not contain chemical property information or other characteristics critical to understanding environmental and human health risk. Here, we use the RAIDAR model to integrate NPRI release data with chemical property information in a multimedia mass balance model to combine exposure estimates with toxicity hazard data yielding an estimate of risk for certain NPRI organic substances. The results show that risk-based ranking of NPRI substances gives different priorities than ranking based on release quantity alone, and that while pollutant releases change over time, the ensuing risk estimates are not always directly proportional to these changes. Limitations and recommendations are discussed for improving the approach.
Interstitial lung disease induced by apalutamide therapy for castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A report of a rare case
Authors: Kirishima Fumiaki , Shigematsu Yoshinori , Kobayashi Kanao 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionApalutamide is a new second‐generation anti‐androgen agent approved in 2019 for the treatment of metastatic, castration‐sensitive, and non‐metastatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer. We herein report a case of apalutamide‐induced interstitial lung disease.Case presentationA 74‐year‐old Japanese male patient with non‐metastatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer commenced hormonal therapy with apalutamide (240 mg/day orally) after 46 months of maximal androgen blockade therapy with bicalutamide and leuprorelin. Thirty‐five days following therapy initiation with apalutamide, he was hospitalized because of dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed diffuse bilateral interstitial infiltrates and ground‐glass opacities in the upper and lower lobes of the lungs. Following a diagnosis of drug‐induced interstitial lung disease resulting from apalutamide treatment, the treatment with apalutamide was stopped. Steroid therapy was initiated, and the dyspnea resolved.ConclusionClinicians should be aware that apalutamide, and other drugs in general, can cause drug‐induced interstitial lung disease within 3 months.
Discriminating cell line specific features of antibiotic‐resistant strains of Escherichia coli from Raman spectra via machine learning analysis
Authors: Zahn Jessica , Germond Arno , Lundgren Alice Y. , Cicerone Marcus T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile Raman spectroscopy can provide label‐free discrimination between highly similar biological species, the discrimination is often marginal, and optimal use of spectral information is imperative. Here, we compare two machine learning models, an artificial neural network and a support vector machine, for discriminating between Raman spectra of 11 bacterial mutants of Escherichia coli MDS42. While we find that both models discriminate the 11 bacterial strains with similarly high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, it is clear that the models form different class boundaries. By extracting strain‐specific (and function‐specific) spectral features utilized by the models, we find that both models utilize a small subset of high intensity peaks while separate subsets of lower intensity peaks are utilized by only one method or the other. This analysis highlights the need for methods to use the complete spectral information more effectively, beginning with a better understanding of the distinct information gained from each model.
Low‐density lipoprotein apheresis for recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis post renal transplant in pediatric patients
Authors: Al‐mousily Mohammad F. , Nicoara Oana , Selewski David T. , Nadig Satish , Twombley Katherine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow‐density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis has been shown to improve remission in patients with steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Here, we report a case study of two patients who failed apheresis treatment for SRNS and required transplant with subsequent recurrence of nephrotic syndrome and response to apheresis treatment. Two patients were treated with 12 sessions of LDL apheresis for SRNS without improvement and subsequently required renal transplantation. The first patient received an ABO‐incompatible kidney transplant requiring plasma exchange (PE) with subsequent recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The second patient also received a renal transplant after treatment failure and subsequently developed recurrence of nephrotic syndrome in the transplanted kidney. Both patients underwent repeat therapy with lipoprotein apheresis. The first patient underwent lipoprotein apheresis after completing PE with significant improvement in serum creatinine and urine protein creatinine ratio. Three years later, he continued to do well and remains in remission. The second patient also responded well to repeat therapy with lipoprotein apheresis and had significant improvement with a urine protein creatinine ratio of 0.8 and a serum creatinine of 0.9 mg/dL 6 months after transplant. Lipoprotein apheresis was able to result in remission of nephrotic syndrome in these patients with posttransplant recurrence of disease. This is the first report of patients not responding to treatment pretransplant but responding posttransplant. Lipoprotein apheresis should be considered in patients with recurrence of nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation even with a history of treatment failure prior to transplantation.
Application of Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy techniques for the advanced characterization of geological samples
Authors: Yuan Jiangyan , Su Wen , Hu Xinmeng , Li Xiaoguang , Fei Chenhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRaman is an important tool for diagnosing minerals in geoscience. However, smaller magnification of optical microscope assembled in conventional Raman spectroscopy limits the application of Raman in sub‐micro and nano scale. Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy (RISE) combine the advantage of scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy, which can collect the morphology, composition, and structure information in the same micro region of the geological sample in situ. In this paper, we introduce the development and working mechanism of RISE, and carried out some typical applications in different research of geoscience. The purpose of this review is to allow readers to understand the basic principles and application potential of RISE in geoscience. Finally, we briefly point out current challenges faced by this technology and some research directions in the future.Highlights
Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy as potential method was proposed for the research on geosciences.
Common polymorphism and isomorphism were distinguished clearly in situ.
A new research route for tiny inclusion and organic matter in situ was developed.
Relationship between changes in symptoms and antibody titers after a single vaccination in patients with Long COVID
Authors: Tsuchida Tomoya , Hirose Masanori , Inoue Yoko , Kunishima Hiroyuki , Otsubo Takehito , Matsuda Takahide 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is spreading worldwide; there is a need to address its sequelae known as Long COVID. This study evaluated postvaccination changes in symptoms and antibody titers in patients with Long COVID. Patients visiting the outpatient department specializing in Long COVID at our hospital were enrolled. Changes in symptoms were evaluated before and 14–21 days after first vaccination. Antibody titers were measured using ARCHITECT SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG II Quant at the same time. This study included 42 patients (median age: 45 years; 17 [40.5%] men). Median pre‐ and postvaccination antibody titers were 456 and 28,963 AU/ml, respectively. Postvaccination symptoms (fatigue, joint pain, and taste and olfactory abnormalities) were relieved, worsened, and unchanged in 7 (16.7%), 9 (21.4%), and 26 (61.9%) patients, respectively. Ratios of pre‐ and postvaccination antibody titers were 53, 40, and 174 in the unchanged, relief, and worsened groups, respectively. The worsened group had the significantly highest antibody titer ratio (p = 0.02). The higher increased rate of the antibody titer in the worsened group than in the nonworsened group suggests an excessive immune response to vaccination associated with worsening of sequelae. Although patients with Long COVID should be vaccinated, additional concerns should be addressed.
Development of statistical and machine learning models to predict the occurrence of radiation fog in Japan
Authors: Negishi Momoko , Kusaka Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study develops statistical and machine learning models based on discriminant analysis, logistic regression analysis, and a support vector machine (SVM) to predict the occurrence of radiation fog in Japan. The selection of a suitable set of explanatory variables for the models was made using the Akaike information criterion (AIC). The accuracies of the three models were measured and compared. To determine the optimum combination of explanatory variables, temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation, sunshine, and visibility data were considered. Based on the root mean square error (RMSE) and AIC values, the best combination of variables was found to include: the presence of precipitation, mean wind speed during the night, minimum temperature during the night, the amount of temperature cooling during the night, the minimum humidity during the previous day, and visibility at 18:00. A comparison of the predictive accuracies of the three models using the selected variable combination showed that the discriminant model produced a critical success index (CSI, or threat score) of 22.5, while the logistic regression model and the SVM model both produced better CSI results—with scores of 33.8 and 38.2, respectively.
Increased cell stiffness contributes to complement‐mediated injury of choroidal endothelial cells in a monkey model of early age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Cabrera Andrea P , Stoddard Jonathan , Santiago Tierno Irene , Matisioudis Nikolaos , Agarwal Mahesh , Renner Lauren , Palegar Neha , Neuringer Martha , McGill Trevor , Ghosh Kaustabh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAge‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the aging population. Yet no therapies exist for ~85% of all AMD patients who have the dry form that is marked by degeneration of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and underlying choroidal vasculature. As the choroidal vessels are crucial for RPE development and maintenance, understanding how they degenerate may lead to effective therapies for dry AMD. One likely causative factor for choroidal vascular loss is the cytolytic membrane attack complex (MAC) of the complement pathway that is abundant on choroidal vessels of humans with early dry AMD. To examine this possibility, we studied the effect of complement activation on choroidal endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from a rhesus monkey model of early AMD that, we report, exhibits MAC deposition and choriocapillaris endothelial loss similar to that seen in human early AMD. Treatment of choroidal ECs from AMD eyes with complement‐competent normal human serum caused extensive actin cytoskeletal injury that was significantly less pronounced in choroidal ECs from young normal monkey eyes. We further show that ECs from AMD eyes are significantly stiffer than their younger counterparts and exhibit peripheral actin organization that is distinct from the longitudinal stress fibers in young ECs. Finally, these differences in complement susceptibility and mechanostructural properties were found to be regulated by the differential activity of the small GTPases Rac and Rho, because Rac inhibition in AMD cells led to simultaneous reduction in stiffness and complement susceptibility, while Rho inhibition in young cells exacerbated complement injury. Thus, by identifying cell stiffness and cytoskeletal regulators Rac and Rho as important determinants of complement susceptibility, the current findings offer a new mechanistic insight into choroidal vascular loss in early AMD that warrants further investigation for assessment of translational potential. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Development of a novel vector for siRNA delivery based on arginine‐modified polyvinylamine
Authors: Lin Mei , Lin Aizhu , Huang Sheng , Liu Tianhui , Ke Fang , Qiu Deshun , Lin Xuefeng , Luo Daoshu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn ideal carrier that delivers small interfering RNA (siRNA) should be designed based on two criteria: high gene transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. In this work, arginine was used to modify polyvinylamine (PVAm) to form a novel PVAm derivative (PVAm‐Arg) for siRNA delivery and the derivative was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. PVAm‐Arg/siRNA complexes were formed by the self‐assembly method. The zeta potential and size of the complexes were measured using electrophoretic light scattering and dynamic light scattering, respectively. The siRNA binding capacity of PVAm‐Arg was assessed using gel retardation assay. The results showed that PVAm‐Arg derivatives can bind siRNA effectively and form complexes with sizes of about 72 ± 2 nm. What is more, the ability of PVAm‐Arg to condense siRNA was better than that of PVAm. Cytotoxicity assay with RSC96 cells also showed that PVAm‐Arg had lower cytotoxicity compared with PVAm. In in vitro cellular uptake assay, PVAm‐Arg showed good transfection efficiency. Therefore, we concluded that PVAm‐Arg would be a promising candidate as a gene delivery vector. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.