bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial metabolomics for evaluating response to neoadjuvant therapy in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Shen Jian , Sun Na , Zens Philipp , Kunzke Thomas , Buck Achim , Prade Verena M. , Wang Jun , Wang Qian , Hu Ronggui , Feuchtinger Annette , Berezowska Sabina , Walch Axel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) differs substantially among individual patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Major pathological response (MPR) is a histomorphological read‐out used to assess treatment response and prognosis in patients NSCLC after NAC. Although spatial metabolomics is a promising tool for evaluating metabolic phenotypes, it has not yet been utilized to assess therapy responses in patients with NSCLC. We evaluated the potential application of spatial metabolomics in cancer tissues to assess the response to NAC, using a metabolic classifier that utilizes mass spectrometry imaging combined with machine learning.MethodsResected NSCLC tissue specimens obtained after NAC (n = 88) were subjected to high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and these data were used to develop an approach for assessing the response to NAC in patients with NSCLC. The specificities of the generated tumor cell and stroma classifiers were validated by applying this approach to a cohort of biologically matched chemotherapy‐naïve patients with NSCLC (n = 85).ResultsThe developed tumor cell metabolic classifier stratified patients into different prognostic groups with 81.6% accuracy, whereas the stroma metabolic classifier displayed 78.4% accuracy. By contrast, the accuracies of MPR and TNM staging for stratification were 62.5% and 54.1%, respectively. The combination of metabolic and MPR classifiers showed slightly lower accuracy than either individual metabolic classifier. In multivariate analysis, metabolic classifiers were the only independent prognostic factors identified (tumor: P = 0.001, hazards ratio [HR] = 3.823, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.716–8.514; stroma: P = 0.049, HR = 2.180, 95% CI = 1.004–4.737), whereas MPR (P = 0.804; HR = 0.913; 95% CI = 0.445–1.874) and TNM staging (P = 0.078; HR = 1.223; 95% CI = 0.977–1.550) were not independent prognostic factors. Using Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses, both tumor and stroma metabolic classifiers were able to further stratify patients as NAC responders (P < 0.001) and non‐responders (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the metabolic constitutions of both tumor cells and the stroma are valuable additions to the classical histomorphology‐based assessment of tumor response.
One‐year COVID‐19 outcomes on the oncology care patient pathway: Results of a French descriptive, cross‐sectional comprehensive study (ONCOCARE‐COV)
Authors: Laurent Léonard , Brugel Mathias , Carlier Claire , Clere Florentin , Bertrand Aurélie , Botsen Damien , Boulagnon‐Rombi Camille , Dalstein Véronique , Debreuve‐Theresette Adeline , Deguelte Sophie , Garbar Christian , Mahmoudi Rachid , Marechal Antonin , Morland David , Rey Jean‐Baptiste , Schvartz Claire , Vallet Catherine , Merrouche Yacine , Slimano Florian , Bouché Olivier 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic led to a widely documented disruption in cancer care pathway. Since a resurgence of the pandemic was expected after the first lockdown in France, the global impact on the cancer care pathway over the year 2020 was investigated.AimsThis study aimed to describe the changes in the oncology care pathway for cancer screening, diagnosis, assessment, diagnosis annoucement procedure and treatment over a one‐year period.Materials & MethodsThe ONCOCARE‐COV study was a comprehensive, retrospective, descriptive, and cross‐sectional study comparing the years 2019 and 2020. All key indicators along the cancer care pathway assessing the oncological activity over four periods were described. This study was set in a high‐volume, public, single tertiary care center divided in two complementary sites (Reims University Hospital and Godinot Cancer Institute, Reims, France) which was located in a high COVID‐19 incidence area during both peaks of the outbreak.ResultsA total of 26,566 patient's files were active during the year 2020. Breast screening (−19.5%), announcement dedicated consultations (−9.2%), Intravenous and Hyperthermic Intraoperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPECs) (−25%), and oncogeriatric evaluations (−14.8%) were heavily disrupted in regard to 2020 activity. We identified a clear second outbreak wave impact on medical announcement procedures (October, −14.4%), radiotherapy sessions (October, −16%), number of new health record discussed in multidisciplinary tumor board meeting (November, −14.6%) and HIPECs (November, −100%). Moreover, 2020 cancer care activity stagnated compared to 2019.DiscussionThe oncological care pathway was heavily disrupted during the first and second peaks of the COVID‐19 outbreak. Between lockdowns, we observed a remarkable but non‐compensatory recovery as well as a lesser impact from the pandemic resurgence. However, in absence of an increase in activity, a backlog persisted.ConclusionPublic health efforts are needed to deal with the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the oncology care pathway.
High Versatility of IPP and DMAPP Methyltransferases Enables Synthesis of C6, C7and C8Terpenoid Building Blocks
Authors: Drummond Laura , Haque Parab J. , Gu Binbin , Jung Julia S. , Schewe Hendrik , Dickschat Jeroen S. , Buchhaupt Markus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe natural substance class of terpenoids covers an extremely wide range of different structures, although their building block repertoire is limited to the C5compounds DMAPP and IPP. This study aims at the characterization of methyltransferases (MTases) that modify these terpene precursors and the demonstration of their suitability for biotechnological purposes. All seven enzymes tested accepted IPP as substrate and altogether five C6compounds and six C7compounds were formed within the reactions. A high selectivity for the deprotonation site as well as high stereoselectivity could be observed for most of the biocatalysts. Only the enzyme fromMicromonospora humialso accepted DMAPP as substrate, converting it into (2R)‐2‐methyl‐IPPin vitro. In vivostudies demonstrated the production of a C8compound and a hydride shift step within the MTase‐catalyzed reaction. Our study presents IPP/DMAPP MTases with very different catalytic properties, which provide biosynthetic access to many novel terpene‐derived structures.
Overview of in‐hospital outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with the revived directional coronary atherectomy
Authors: Numasawa Yohei , Inohara Taku , Ishii Hideki , Yamaji Kyohei , Kohsaka Shun , Sawano Mitsuaki , Amano Tetsuya , Nakamura Masato , Ikari Yuji ,   J‐PCI Registry Investigators
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to provide clinical insights on the usage rate, indications, and in‐hospital outcomes of the revived directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) catheter (Atherocut™) in a Japanese nationwide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry.BackgroundDebulking devices such as the revived DCA catheter have become increasingly important in the era of complex PCI. However, little is known about PCI outcomes using a novel DCA catheter in contemporary real‐world practice.MethodsWe analyzed 188,324 patients who underwent PCI in 1112 hospitals from January to December 2018. Baseline characteristics and in‐hospital outcomes of patients with stable coronary artery disease or unstable angina who underwent PCI with or without the DCA were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 1696 patients (0.9%) underwent PCI with the DCA during the study period, predominantly for left main trunk or proximal left anterior descending artery lesions under a transfemoral approach. Patients in the DCA group were younger and had fewer comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease than patients in the non‐DCA group. Stentless PCI using the DCA with drug‐coated balloon angioplasty was a preferred treatment strategy in the DCA group (50.0%). Predefined in‐hospital adverse outcomes, including mortality (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.446) and periprocedural complications (1.8% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.697), were comparable between the two groups, whereas the fluoroscopy time was longer and the total contrast volume was higher in the DCA group.ConclusionsIn Japan, PCI using the revived DCA catheter is safely performed with low complication rates in patients with stable coronary artery disease or unstable angina.
Silicon Carbide Supported Liquid Phase (SLP) Hydroformylation Catalysis – Effective Reaction Kinetics from Continuous Gas‐phase Operation
Authors: Schörner Markus , Mitländer Kerstin , Wolf Moritz , Franke Robert , Haumann Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe hydroformylation reaction is one of the most important applications of homogeneous catalysis on an industrial scale with worldwide production capacities exceeding 15 Mio tons per year. Efficient catalyst immobilization becomes mandatory for such large‐scale processes. In this work, a supported liquid phase (SLP)‐type catalyst on a silicon carbide support material was applied in the continuous Rh‐bpp (bpp=biphephos) catalyzed gas‐phase hydroformylation of but‐1‐ene. A parameter variation was carried out in the pressure range from 0.5 to 3.0 bara for but‐1‐ene, 0.5 to 5 bara for H2, 0.5 to 5 bara for CO, and in the temperature range from 90 to 125 °C. Activation energies were determined for the individual reactions showing a shift in activation energy most significantly for the hydroformylation to n‐pentanal for temperatures of 110 °C and above. For all substrates the effective reaction orders were calculated and employed in a power‐law rate model giving good agreement of measured and modeled data within a ±20 % error margin. Similar results were obtained using a microkinetic model.
Catalytic Asymmetric Syntheses of Alkylidenecyclopropanes from Allenoates with Donor‐Acceptor and Diacceptor Diazo Reagents
Authors: Hasegawa Yoko , Cantin Thomas , Decaens Jonathan , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Charette André B. , Poisson Thomas , Jubault Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe first diastereo‐ and enantioselective cyclopropanation reactions of electron‐deficient allenes with donor‐acceptor and diacceptor diazo reagents are described. The desired enantioenriched alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) were obtained in high yields with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities in the presence of Rh2((S)‐TCPTAD)4 or Rh2((R)‐BTPCP)4 catalysts (up to 95 % yield, >95 : 5 d.r. and 99 : 1 e.r.). This methodology gave a direct access to ACPs bearing multiple electron‐deficient substituents and allows to further expand the availability of ACPs chemistry. Interestingly, during the examination of the scope of this reaction, the asymmetric intramolecular C−H insertion reaction into tert‐butyl group was observed as a side reaction with up to 94 : 6 e.r.
Chemoarchitecture of area prostriata in adult and developing mice: Comparison with presubiculum and parasubiculum
Authors: Chen Sheng‐Qiang , Chen Chang‐Hui , Xiang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Shun‐Yu , Ding Song‐Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRetrosplenial area 29e, which was a cortical region described mostly in earlier rodent literature, is often included in the dorsal presubiculum (PrSd) or postsubiculum (PoS) in modern literature and commonly used brain atlases. Recent anatomical and molecular studies have revealed that retrosplenial area 29e belongs to the superficial layers of area prostriata, which in primates is found to be important in fast analysis of quickly moving objects in far peripheral visual field. As in primates, the prostriata in rodents adjoins area 29 (granular retrosplenial area), area 30 (agranular retrosplenial area), medial visual cortex, PrSd/PoS, parasubiculum (PaS), and postrhinal cortex (PoR). The present study aims to reveal the chemoarchitecture of the prostriata versus PrSd/PoS or PaS by means of a systematic survey of gene expression patterns in adult and developing mouse brains. First, we find many genes that display differential expression across the prostriata, PrSd/PoS, and PaS and that show obvious laminar expression patterns. Second, we reveal subsets of genes that selectively express in the dorsal or ventral parts of the prostriata, suggesting the existence of at least two subdivisions. Third, we detect some genes that shows differential expression in the prostriata of postnatal mouse brains from adjoining regions, thus enabling identification of the developing area prostriata. Fourth, gene expression difference of the prostriata from the medial primary visual cortex and PoR is also observed. Finally, molecular and connectional features of the prostriata in rodents and nonhuman primates are discussed and compared.
Vanadium‐Doped Molybdenum Diselenide Atomic Layers with Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetism
Authors: Deng Jianjun , Zhou Zhonghao , Chen Jinglong , Cheng Zhihai , Liu Jia , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiluted two‐dimensional magnetic semiconductors with high Curie temperature are highly sought after because of their potential applications in spintronics. Development of new techniques for preparation of high quality diluted magnetic semiconductors is critical for their applications. In this study, vanadium‐doped molybdenum selenide, a new diluted magnetic semiconductor, was synthesized by a single‐step chemical vapor deposition method. The merit of this method is that the molybdenum and vanadium precursors can be supplied to the growth substrate uniformly. Photoluminescence measurements reveal that the band gap of MoSe2 decreases after doping, which can be attributed to the formation of impurity energy band caused by p‐type doping at the valence band maximum. Thus, the V‐doped MoSe2 still maintains the semiconducting characteristics. Vibrating sample magnetometer studies clearly show the ferromagnetism of V‐doped MoSe2 at room temperature. DFT calculations illustrates the joint contribution of V dopants and nearby atoms to the magnetic moments. This study provides future prospects for the multifunctional application of two‐dimensional materials.
Positioning in the dialogue on gender and sexual diversity in Brazilian schools
Authors: Marques Pamela Lopes , Souza Laura Vilela e 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study sought to comprehend the effects of sharing reports of personal experiences that support people's opinions in a reflective structured dialogue (RSD) in the controversial topic of teaching gender and sexuality in schools. Positioning theory was used to analyze a dialogue session with 12 participants with different opinions and social functions related to the theme. Analysis showed how sharing personal experiences can be influenced by the positioning games assumed in the conversation sequence, which may limit the dialogic potential of the group. The implications of these games in considering the use of RSD and recommendations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Two new hermit crab species ofDiogenes(Crustacea: Decapoda: Diogenidae) from Atlanto‐Mediterranean coasts of Iberian Peninsula: Poleward migrants or merely overlooked indigenous species?
Authors: Almón Bruno , Cuesta Jose A. , García‐Raso J. Enrique 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new hermit crab species of the genusDiogeneswith reddish‐orange cheliped,Diogenes erythromanussp. nov., is described and illustrated based on specimens from the Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, southern Spain. In addition, a second morphotype originating from Mauritanian waters and morphologically very close toD. erythromanussp. nov. is described as a different species,D. arguinensissp. nov. The new species are here compared to morphologically similar congeners, especially to those inhabiting the same geographical range.Diogenes erythromanussp. nov. is distinguishable from otherDiogenesprimarily by the shape and armature of the left cheliped, with a palm slightly higher than long, with a ridge of spines running along the proximal lower margin that continues with a series of spinose rows forming a central band parallel to the upper margin of the palm. The palm inD. arguinensissp. nov. is longer than high and shows similar proximal ridge, but without central spinose ridge. The shape of the cheliped is also different inD. arguinensissp. nov., with long dactylus, which is also flattened and twisted. Sequences from two mitochondrial and one nuclear genes, and comparative analyses with other available sequences for the genus, are also included. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the morphological delimitation, withD. erythromanussp. nov. andD. arguinensissp. nov. forming a separate group, more related to other tropical species, which raises different possible explanations for its presence in the Iberian Peninsula.
Patterns of enzyme activities and nutrient availability within biocrusts under increasing aridity in Negev desert
Authors: Drahorad Sylvie , Felix‐Henningsen Peter , Siemens Jan , Marschner Bernd , Heinze Stefanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiocrusts are crucial for the biogeochemical cycles of semiarid ecosystems and strongly influenced by environmental factors. We examined topcrusts (0–2 mm) and the underlying subcrust (2–35 mm depth) at two sites of the Negev with contrasting rainfall. The results show that sampling sites differing in moisture regime and sampling depth had a significant effect on soil properties. The microbial biomass, the concentrations of water‐soluble carbon and nitrogen fractions, and the activities of eight enzymes of the carbon and nitrogen cycles decreased with decreasing available moisture and with increasing soil depth. The biomass‐specific enzyme activity of topcrusts shows an increase in enzyme activity with increasing biomass in the same proportion. Biomass‐specific enzyme activity revealed a strong nutrient demand and a high relative enzyme activity in subcrusts of the drier study area. Moreover, phosphatase activity was much higher in the biocrust of the drier study site. The ratios of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorous show a strong limitation of the latter two for the subcrusts in the Negev, while the ratio of water‐extractable organic nitrogen to water‐extractable organic carbon underlines the high importance of leaching for subcrusts in semiarid areas. We conclude that Negev topcrusts are highly effective zones of nutrient turnover, adopting to higher amounts of moisture with an increase in biomass and enzyme activity. The subcrusts are an important section of turnover and need to be included into studies on C, N, and P storage in crust covered ecosystems to reveal the processes in deeper soil.
Once a reservoir, always a reservoir? Seasonality affects the pathogen maintenance potential of amphibian hosts
Authors: Wilber Mark Q. , Ohmer Michel E. B. , Altman Karie A. , Brannelly Laura A. , LaBumbard Brandon C. , Le Sage Emily H. , McDonnell Nina B. , Muñiz Torres Aura Y. , Nordheim Caitlin L. , Pfab Ferdinand , Richards‐Zawacki Corinne L. , Rollins‐Smith Louise A. , Saenz Veronica , Voyles Jamie , Wetzel Daniel P. , Woodhams Douglas C. , Briggs Cheryl J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHost species that can independently maintain a pathogen in a host community and contribute to infection in other species are important targets for disease management. However, the potential of host species to maintain a pathogen is not fixed over time, and an important challenge is understanding how within‐ and across‐season variability in host maintenance potential affects pathogen persistence over longer time scales relevant for disease management (e.g., years). Here, we sought to understand the causes and consequences of seasonal infection dynamics in leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala and Rana pipiens) infected with the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). We addressed three questions broadly applicable to seasonal host–parasite systems. First, to what degree are observed seasonal patterns in infection driven by temperature‐dependent infection processes compared to seasonal host demographic processes? Second, how does seasonal variation in maintenance potential affect long‐term pathogen persistence in multi‐host communities? Third, does high deterministic maintenance potential relate to the long‐term stochastic persistence of pathogens in host populations with seasonal infection dynamics? To answer these questions, we used field data collected over 3 years on >1400 amphibians across four geographic locations, laboratory and mesocosm experiments, and a novel mathematical model. We found that the mechanisms that drive seasonal prevalence were different from those driving seasonal infection intensity. Seasonal variation in Bd prevalence was driven primarily by changes in host contact rates associated with breeding migrations to and from aquatic habitat. In contrast, seasonal changes in infection intensity were driven by temperature‐induced changes in Bd growth rate. Using our model, we found that the maintenance potential of leopard frogs varied significantly throughout the year and that seasonal troughs in infection prevalence made it unlikely that leopard frogs were responsible for long‐term Bd persistence in these seasonal amphibian communities, highlighting the importance of alternative pathogen reservoirs for Bd persistence. Our results have broad implications for management in seasonal host–pathogen systems, showing that seasonal changes in host and pathogen vital rates, rather than the depletion of susceptible hosts, can lead to troughs in pathogen prevalence and stochastic pathogen extirpation.
Relationship of diabetes, heart failure, and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Hofer Felix , Pailer Ulrike , Sulzgruber Patrick , Gerges Christian , Winter Max‐Paul , Giugliano Robert P. , Gottsauner‐Wolf Michael , Hülsmann Martin , Kazem Niema , Koller Lorenz , Schönbauer Robert , Niessner Alexander , Hengstenberg Christian , Zelniker Thomas A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsWe aim to explore the relationship of heart failure (HF) and diabetes with cardiovascular (CV) death or hospitalization for HF (HHF) and to study the clinical utility of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in an unselected patient population with atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods and resultsPatients with AF admitted to a tertiary academic center between January 2005 and July 2019 were identified through a search of electronic health records. We used Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes, HF, body mass index, prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, hypertension, smoking, C‐reactive protein, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. To select the most informative variables, we performed a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression with 10‐fold cross‐validation. In total, 7412 patients (median age 70 years, 39.7% female) were included in this analysis and followed over a median of 4.5 years. Both diabetes [adjusted (Adj.) HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.55–2.25] and HF (Adj. HR 2.57, 95% CI 2.22–2.98) were significantly associated with CV death/HHF after multivariable adjustment. Compared with patients with diabetes, HF patients had a higher risk of HHF but a similar risk of CV and all‐cause death. NT‐proBNP showed good discriminatory performance (area under the curve 0.78, 95% CI 0.77–0.80) and the addition of NT‐proBNP to the covariates used for adjustment resulted in a significant area under the curve improvement (Δ = 0.04, P < 0.001). With least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, the strongest associations for CV death/HHF were obtained for NT‐proBNP [HR 1.91 per 1‐SD in log‐transformed biomarker], HF (HR 1.72), and diabetes (HR 1.56).ConclusionsDiabetes and HF were independently associated with an increased risk of CV death/HHF in an unselected AF patient population, and NT‐proBNP improved risk assessment. These findings suggest that AF patients with diabetes and/or HF should be managed not only for their risk of stroke and systemic embolic events but also for CV death/HHF.