bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Correlation between Chlamydia Trachomatis and Female Infertility: A Systematic Review
Authors: Passos Laura Gazal , Terraciano Paula , Wolf Nicole , Oliveira Fernanda dos Santos de , Almeida Isabel de , Passos Eduardo Pandolfi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe impact of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection on female's fertility is not completely established yet, since the level of evidence associating these factors is still weak. Hence, the goal of the present review is to contribute to a better elucidation of this matter. The electronic database chosen was the Medline/PubMed, with the last survey on May 11, 2021. Publication date was used as a filter, with the previous 5 years having been selected. The following describers were used: chlamydia trachomatis AND infertility; chlamydia trachomatis AND tubal alteration AND infertility; chlamydia AND low pregnancy rates. From the 322 studies screened, 293 that failed to meet our eligibility criteria were excluded. Subsequently, we removed seven studies for not having the possible correlation between CT infections and female infertility as its main focus, and three for being about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in general. Moreover, two studies designed as reviews were also excluded. Ergo, we included 17 studies in our qualitative analysis. The authors conducted research individually and analyzed carefully the studies selected. As we retrieved the information needed for our study through reading the texts, no contact was made with the authors of the studies selected. This systematic review corroborates the hypothesis that CT infection potentiates female infertility, as 76.47% of the included studies found a positive correlation between them. We conclude that there is an important association between CT infection and female infertility. Ergo, making CT screening part of the infertility investigation routine is relevant and has a reasonable justification.
Impact of a Potential 20-Week Abortion Ban on Likelihood of Completing Required Views in Second-Trimester Fetal Anatomy Ultrasound
Authors: Henkel Andrea , Beshar Isabel , Cahill Erica P. , Blumenfeld Yair J. , Chueh Jane , Shaw Kate A. 
Published: May 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to quantify the likelihood of assessing all mandated fetal views during the second-trimester anatomy ultrasound prior to the proposed federal 20-week abortion ban.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of a random sample of 1,983 patients undergoing anatomy ultrasound in 2017 at a tertiary referral center. The difference in proportion of incomplete anatomic surveys prior compared with after 20-week gestation was analyzed using X
2 and adjusted logistic regression; difference in mean days elapsed from anomaly diagnosis to termination tested using t-tests and survival analysis.
Results Incomplete views were more likely with initial ultrasound before 20 weeks (adjusted relative risk: 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.50–1.94); 43.5% versus 26.1% were incomplete before and after 20 weeks, respectively. Fetal structural anomalies were identified in 6.4% (n = 127/1,983) scans, with 38.0% (n = 49) identified at follow-up after initial scan was incomplete. 22.8% (n = 29) with an anomaly terminated.
Conclusion A complete assessment of fetal views during an anatomy ultrasound prior to 20-week gestation is often not technically feasible. Legislation limiting abortion to this gestational age would greatly impact patient's ability to make informed choices about their pregnancies.
Key Points
A social networks-driven approach to understand the unique alcohol mixing patterns of tuberculosis patients: reporting methods and findings from a high TB-burden setting
Authors: Nagarajan Karikalan , Palani Bharathidasan , Basha Javeed , Jayabal Lavanya , Muniyandi Malaisamy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIndividuals who consume alcohol have a higher chance of contracting tuberculosis (TB) due to their social mixing patterns. We aimed to study the social mixing patterns of TB patients who consume alcohol on a regular basis using a quantitative social network approach. In a high-TB prevalence context in India, a social network survey of 300 newly diagnosed pulmonary drug-sensitive TB patients was done. The survey found 52 (17%) male TB patients who shared alcohol on a regular basis with 106 (4%) of their first-degree social contacts. Alcohol sharing happened in 16 neighborhood venues. When compared to contacts who did not use alcohol, a higher proportion of contacts with regular alcohol use were diagnosed with TB (12.3%; 95% CI: 6.6–20.00 vs. 3.5%; 95% CI: 2.8–4.3). Social network analysis showed that the network consisting of patients and contacts was less dense and less connected (with density ratio of 0.009, and degree centrality of 1.3, and betweenness centrality of 0.5), indicating weaker transmission potential of the network. Comparatively the network consisting of patients, contacts and their alcohol sharing venues was more dense and more connected (with density ratio of 0.018, higher degree centrality of 3.1 and betweenness centrality of 154.2) indicating stronger transmission potential of the network. Regular alcohol sharing in four venues created a giant network component, that linked a higher proportion of contacts without TB (72.3%) to a higher proportion of TB patients (67.3%) and their contacts with TB (38.4%). When examined from a network perspective, the pooled TB transmission exposure of contacts with regular alcohol use grew by a factor of 10, which helped explain the unfavorable social mixing of patients and contacts with regular alcohol use.
Kinetic Monte Carlo modeling of oxide thin film growth
Authors: Purton John A. , Elena Alin M. , Teobaldi Gilberto 
Published: May 2022

In spite of the increasing interest in and application of ultrathin film oxides in commercial devices, the understanding of the mechanisms that control the growth of these films at the atomic scale remains limited and scarce. This limited understanding prevents the rational design of novel solutions based on precise control of the structure and properties of ultrathin films. Such a limited understanding stems in no minor part from the fact that most of the available modeling methods are unable to access and robustly sample the nanosecond to second timescales required to simulate both atomic deposition and surface reorganization at ultrathin films. To contribute to this knowledge gap, here we have combined molecular dynamics and adaptive kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to study the deposition and growth of oxide materials over an extended timescale of up to ∼0.5 ms. In our pilot studies, we have examined the growth of binary oxide thin films on oxide substrates. We have investigated three scenarios: (i) the lattice parameter of both the substrate and thin film are identical, (ii) the lattice parameter of the thin film is smaller than the substrate, and (iii) the lattice parameter is greater than the substrate. Our calculations allow for the diffusion of ions between deposition events and the identification of growth mechanisms in oxide thin films. We make a detailed comparison with previous calculations. Our results are in good agreement with the available experimental results and demonstrate important limitations in former calculations, which fail to sample phase space correctly at the temperatures of interest (typically 300–1000 K) with self-evident limitations for the representative modeling of thin films growth. We believe that the present pilot study and proposed combined methodology open up for extended computational support in the understanding and design of ultrathin film growth conditions tailored to specific applications.
Rotational state specific dissociation dynamics of D2O via the C̃(010) state: The effect of bending vibrational excitation
Authors: Wu Yucheng , Zhang Zhaoxue , Zhang Su’e , Luo Zijie , Zhao Yarui , Yang Shuaikang , Li Zhenxing , Chang Yao , Chen Zhichao , Yu Shengrui , Yang Xueming , Yuan Kaijun 
Published: May 2022

The rotational state resolved photodissociation dynamics of D2O via the C̃(010) state has been investigated by using the D-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique combined with a tunable vacuum ultraviolet light source. The D-atom action spectrum of the C̃(010) ← X̃(000) band and the corresponding time-of-flight (TOF) spectra of D-atom photoproducts formed following the excitation of D2O to individual rotational transition have been measured. By comparison with the action spectrum of the C̃(000) ← X̃(000) band, the bending vibrational constant of the C̃ state for D2O can be determined to be v2 = 1041.37 ± 0.71 cm−1. From the TOF spectra, the product kinetic energy spectra, the vibrational state distributions of OD products, and the state resolved anisotropy parameters have been determined. The experimental results indicate a dramatic variation in the OD product state distributions for different rotational excitations. This illuminates that there are two distinctive coupling channels from the C̃(010) state to the low-lying electronic states: the homogeneous electronic coupling to the Ã1B1 state, resulting in vibrationally hot OD(X) products, and the Coriolis-type coupling to the B̃1A1 state, producing vibrationally cold but rotationally hot OD(X) and OD(A) products. Furthermore, the three-body dissociation channel is confirmed, which is attributed to the C̃ → 1A2 or C̃ → Ã pathway. In comparison with the previous results of D2O photolysis via the C̃(000) state, it is found that the v2 vibration of the parent molecule enhances both the vibrational and rotational excitations of OD products.
Ultrafast bandgap narrowing and cohesion loss of photoexcited fused silica
Authors: Tsaturyan Arshak , Kachan Elena , Stoian Razvan , Colombier Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2022

Coupling and spatial localization of energy on ultrafast timescales and particularly on the timescale of the excitation pulse in ultrashort laser irradiated dielectric materials are key elements for enabling processing precision beyond the optical limit. Transforming matter on mesoscopic scales facilitates the definition of nanoscale photonic functions in optical glasses. On these timescales, quantum interactions induced by charge non-equilibrium become the main channel for energy uptake and transfer as well as for the material structural change. We apply a first-principles model to determine dynamic distortions of energy bands following the rapid increase in the free-carrier population in an amorphous dielectric excited by an ultrashort laser pulse. Fused silica glass is reproduced using a system of (SiO4)4− tetrahedra, where density functional theory extended to finite-temperature fractional occupation reproduces ground and photoexcited states. Triggered by electronic charge redistribution, a bandgap narrowing of more than 2 eV is shown to occur in fused silica under geometry relaxation. Calculations reveal that the bandgap decrease results from the rearrangement of atoms altering the bonding strength. Despite an atomic movement impacting strongly the structural stability, the observed change of geometry remains limited to 7% of the interatomic distance and occurs on the femtosecond timescale. This structural relaxation is thus expected to take place quasi-instantly following the photon energy flux. Moreover, under intense laser pulse excitation, fused silica loses its stability when an electron temperature of around 2.8 eV is reached. A further increase in the excitation energy leads to the collapse of both the structure and bandgap.
A male pheromone that improves the quality of the oogenic germline
Authors: Aprison Erin Z. , Dzitoyeva Svetlana , Angeles-Albores David , Ruvinsky Ilya 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceAging animals, particularly females, suffer from diminished reproductive ability, likely due to high costs of germline maintenance. Potential remedies may be found in signals exchanged by members of opposite sexes to promote reproductive success. We show that in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, male pheromone facilitates healthy oocyte aging. This pheromone increases germline proliferation and physiological cell death, which is required to maintain oocyte quality. We show that young adults that have not yet commenced reproduction are particularly sensitive to signals from mates and nutrients, likely because during this narrow time window, they set an environment-appropriate balance between germline and soma investment. We advocate the study of social signals as a productive avenue for identifying regulators of physiology and aging.
Existence of twisting in dislocation-free protein single crystals
Authors: Abe Marina , Suzuki Ryo , Hirano Keiichi , Koizumi Haruhiko , Kojima Kenichi , Tachibana Masaru 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Growing high-quality protein crystals is a prerequisite for the structure analysis of proteins by X-ray diffraction. However, dislocation-free perfect protein crystals such as silicon and diamond are limited to two kinds of protein crystals. We wonder whether other high-quality or dislocation-free protein crystals still exhibit some imperfection. Here, we explore the existence of twisting as a cause of imperfection in high-quality protein crystals by X-ray topography with synchrotron radiation. The magnitude of twisting is quite small and cannot be detected by conventional techniques as optical and electron microscopy. The formation of twisting may be related to the geometric frustration mechanism proposed as a primary mechanism of twisting. This finding provides insights on high-quality protein crystals with the ubiquity of twisting.
One-sided multidimensional statistical significance testing: a new method of calculating the statistical significance of spectra used to demonstrate magnetic nanoparticle sensitivity*
Authors: Weaver John B , Weaver Claire V , Ness Dylan B , Gordon-Wylie Scott W , Demidenko Eugene 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Estimating statistical significance of the difference between two spectra or series is a fundamental statistical problem. Multivariate significance tests exist but the limitations preclude their use in many common cases; e.g. one-sided testing, unequal variance and when few repetitions are acquired all of which are required in magnetic spectroscopy of nanoparticle Brownian motion (MSB). We introduce a test, termed the T-S test, that is powerful and exact (exact type I error). It is flexible enough to be one- or two-sided and the one-sided version can specify arbitrary regions where each spectrum should be larger. The T-S test takes the-one or two-sided p-value at each frequency and combines them using Stouffer’s method. We evaluated it using simulated spectra and measured MSB spectra. For the single-sided version, mean of the spectrum, A-T, was used as a reference; the T-S test is as powerful when the variance at each frequency is uniform and outperforms when the noise power is not uniform. For the two-sided version, the Hotelling T2 two-sided multivariate test was used as a reference; the two-sided T-S test is only slightly less powerful for large numbers of repetitions and outperforms rather dramatically for small numbers of repetitions. The T-S test was used to estimate the sensitivity of our current MSB spectrometer showing 1 ng sensitivity. Using eight repetitions the T-S test allowed 15 pM concentrations of mouse IL-6 to be identified while the mean of the spectra only identified 76 pM.
Inducing variable pitch gratings in nematic liquid crystals using chirped surface acoustic wave transducers
Authors: Morris Rowan , Jones J Cliff , Nagaraj Mamatha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inducing hydrodynamic flow in nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) reorients the symmetry axis of the material—the director, causing changes in the optical properties. The resulting optical gratings have potential use as switchable diffractive optical elements (DOEs). In this study, surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are applied to an NLC device to induce periodic vortices through hydrodynamic instabilities. We show a linear relationship between the wavelength of the applied SAW and induced grating period, where the coefficient is determined by the ratio of the speed of sound in the substrate to that in the NLC. This relationship is further used to design a novel device, where the period of the hydrodynamic grating can be continuously varied from 90 μm to 260 μm by utilizing a broadband (chirped) SAW transducer. These devices present great potential for creating a new class of continuously variable DOEs, overcoming current technological limitations.
Non-clustering of sp
3 fluorine adatoms on pristine graphene surface
Authors: Li Shuilin , Xu Yongjie , Liu Jiawei , Li Ziying , Feng Qian , Deng Yu , Tang Nujiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Fluorination can change graphene’s properties, and which is theoretically relative to fluorination pattern of sp
3 fluorine adatoms on graphene surface. The common view for the pattern is that it can easily form as a large cluster for the low migration barrier of fluorine adatoms on pristine graphene surface. Here, we report that sp
3 fluorine adatoms are well-dispersed rather than clustered due to that the intensity ratio of 1.8 for C–CF/CF peaks (R) of fluorinated graphene is much higher than R ≈ 0 for clustered pattern. The low magnetic inducing efficiency of 1 µ
B/1000F adatoms indicates that the ‘nonmagnetic’ fluorine pairs rather than ‘magnetic’ fluorine ‘points’ dominate the well-dispersed sp
3 pattern. Our findings introduce a new insight into the fluorination structure properties of fluorinated and other sp
3 functionalized such as hydrogenated, chlorinated, or hydroxylated graphene and other carbon materials.
Analyzing the TiO2 surface reactivity based on oxygen vacancies computed by DFT and DFTB methods
Authors: Çetin Yarkın Aybars , Martorell Benjamí , Serratosa Francesc , Aguilera-Porta Neus , Calatayud Monica 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Titanium dioxide is a key material in many fields, including technological, industrial and biomedical applications. Many of these applications are related to the surface reactivity of TiO2 and involve its reducibility properties. Recently titania has been banned as a food additive due to its (nano)toxicity, and the release of reactive oxygen species plays a crucial role in many toxicological mechanisms. Determining chemical descriptors that account for the extension of reduction is necessary to understand such processes and necessary for predicting the reactivity of an unknown system. In the present work, we compute a set of chemical descriptors for selected surfaces of anatase and rutile TiO2. The aim is twofold: we want to provide chemically meaningful information on the surface reactivity, and benchmark the descriptors for two ab initio schemes. To do so, we compute the oxygen vacancy formation energy, and the corresponding electronic structure, in four slab models with two different computational schemes (DFT+U and DFTB). In this way, we characterize the robustness of the dataset, with the purpose of scaling up to more realistic model systems such as nanoparticles or explicit solvent, which are too computationally demanding for state-of-the-art density functional theory approaches.
Robust and accurate normal estimation in 3D point clouds via entropy-based local plane voting
Authors: Bai Chun , Liu Guangshuai , Li Xurui , Yang Yuzhou , Li Zuoxin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces a robust and accurate normal estimation method for 3D point clouds. Our proposed technique is also robust towards noise and is capable of preserving sharp features in the input model. Our method presupposes that the normal of a point can be constituted from at least one in the normal set from the planes in its neighborhood, and its core idea is based on a local plane voting strategy, where each vote takes the entropy value and plane credibility into consideration. In addition, the average fitting residuals and the plane density are designed to further effectively deal with noise and non-uniformly sampled point clouds. The validity and reliability of our approach are confirmed by contrast to the most relevant state-of-the-art methods and by comprehensive experiments on synthetic and real-world data.
A novel wind turbine fault diagnosis based on deep transfer learning of improved residual network and multi-target data
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Wenyi , Gu Heng , Alexisa Arinayo , Jiang Xiangyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In industrial production, problems such as lack of data, complex fault types, and low generalizability of deep learning models seriously affect the fault diagnosis of wind turbines. Therefore, we have developed a fault diagnosis model for wind turbines under harsh conditions to address the above problems. First, the collected one-dimensional vibration data is reshaped into two-dimensional form by using the Gramian Angular Field. The two-dimensional form not only extends the spatial structure of the data, but also effectively improves the information expression of the data. In addition, the data is classified into large-scale data, medium-scale data, small-scale data, class-imbalanced data, and heterogeneous data based on the data type. Then, the deep residual network structure is redesigned to improve the diagnostic performance of the model based on the sensitivity of the reshaped data to the size of the convolutional kernel, and the new structure of the network is employed to implement transfer learning. Finally, we adopt the developed fault diagnosis model to achieve the fault diagnosis of bearings and gears in the wind turbine gearbox. Meanwhile, an automatic hyperparameter search mechanism was added to improve the partial hyperparameter optimization in this study. It is demonstrated that the model proposed in this study has excellent diagnostic performance with multi-target data for wind turbines, and has excellent generalizability and reliability.
Membrane-cloaked polydopamine modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Shi Jinyan , Pan Hao , Liu Mingxia , Sang Yuli , Ai Jiao , Liu Yang , Chen Lijiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To improve the shortcomings of narrow therapeutic range and low bioavailability of traditional preparations, a composite drug carrier that combines the advantages of biological carriers and synthetic carriers was prepared in this project. The biomimetic nano-delivery system outer membrane vesicles-polydopamine-mesoporous silica nanoparticle (OMVs-PDA-MSN-DOX) for oral administration is composed of OMVs of Escherichia coli as shell and doxorubicin-loaded MSN modified by PDA as core. Several characterization techniques thoroughly examined the nano-drug delivery system to confirm its surface morphology and chemical property. OMVs-PDA-MSN-DOX with a particle size of 150 nm showed significant cell selectivity and safety. We demonstrated that OMVs are capable of protecting pH-sensitive nanostructure from the oral route of administration in the short term. Importantly, OMVs-PDA-MSN-DOX could facilitate intestinal adhesion and improve DOX bioavailability. Overall, the OMVs-cloaked nanocarrier provides an efficient delivery platform for the oral targeting treatment of cancer with pH-sensitive nano-formulations.