bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordinated neutron and X‐ray computed tomography of meteorites: Detection and distribution of hydrogen‐bearing materials
Authors: Treiman Allan H. , LaManna Jacob M. , Hussey Daniel S. , deClue Isabella , Anovitz Lawrence M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe presence and distribution of hydrogen‐bearing materials in meteorites are important constraints on processes in the early solar system, and the delivery of volatile constituents to growing planets. Here, we show that coordinated neutron and X‐ray computed tomography, NXCT, can reveal the presence and distributions of hydrogen‐bearing materials in meteorites, and thus help constrain the presence and actions of water in the early solar system. NXCT is nearly nondestructive of meteorite samples. Neutron fluence in NXCT is approximately seven orders of magnitude less than in typical instrumental neutron activation analysis, and so produces little residual radioactivity and currently undetectable changes in isotope ratios. Heating during NXCT is minimal, but NXCT will overprint the record of cosmic ray exposure held in natural thermoluminescence. Two meteorites were examined. EET 87503 is a howardite, a regolith breccia inferred to be from the asteroid 4 Vesta, and contains fragments of eucrite basalt, diogenite pyroxenite, and H‐rich carbonaceous chondrites. With NXCT, the chondrite fragments within the meteorite piece can be clearly located and characterized, in preparation for possible extraction and detailed analyses. Graves Nunataks (GRA) 06100 is a CR2 chondrite meteorite that contains abundant iron metal and H‐bearing silicates from aqueous alteration. In NXCT, H‐bearing altered material is clearly distinguished from metal, and its distribution in three dimensions is revealed as a constraint on the processes of alteration.
The formation of stipule requires the coordinated actions of the legume orthologs of Arabidopsis BLADE‐ON‐PETIOLE and LEAFY
Authors: Zhang Juanjuan , Wang Xiao , Han Lu , Zhang Jing , Xie Yangyang , Li Jie , Wang Zeng‐Yu , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Zhou Chuanen 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Stipule morphology is a classical botanical key character used in plant identification. Stipules are considerably diverse in size, function and architecture, such as leaf‐like stipules, spines or tendrils. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates stipule identity remains largely unknown.

We isolated mutants with abnormal stipules. The mutated gene encodes the NODULE ROOT1 (MtNOOT1), which is the ortholog of BLADE‐ON‐PETIOLE (BOP) in Medicago truncatula. We also obtained mutants of MtNOOT2, the homolog of MtNOOT1, but they do not show obvious defects in stipules.

The mtnoot1 mtnoot2 double mutant shows a higher proportion of transformation from stipules to leaflet‐like stipules than the single mutants, suggesting that they redundantly determine stipule identity. Further investigations show that MtNOOTs control stipule initiation together with SINGLE LEAFLET1 (SGL1), which functions in development of lateral leaflets. Increasing SGL1 activity in mtnoot1 mtnoot2 is sufficient for the transformation of stipules to leaves. Moreover, MtNOOTs inhibit SGL1 expression during stipule development, which is probably conserved in legume species.

Our study proposes a genetic regulatory model for stipule development, specifically with regard to the MtNOOTs‐SGL1 module, which functions in two phases of stipule development, first in the control of stipule initiation and second in stipule patterning.
Genome architecture and diverged selection shaping pattern of genomic differentiation in wild barley
Authors: Zhang Wenying , Tan Cong , Hu Haifei , Pan Rui , Xiao Yuhui , Ouyang Kai , Zhou Gaofeng , Jia Yong , Zhang Xiao‐Qi , Hill Camilla Beate , Wang Penghao , Chapman Brett , Han Yong , Xu Le , Xu Yanhao , Angessa Tefera , Luo Hao , Westcott Sharon , Sharma Darshan , Nevo Eviatar , Barrero Roberto A. , Bellgard Matthew I. , He Tianhua , Tian Xiaohai , Li Chengdao 
Published: August 2022

SummaryDivergent selection of populations in contrasting environments leads to functional genomic divergence. However, the genomic architecture underlying heterogeneous genomic differentiation remains poorly understood. Here, we de novo assembled two high‐quality wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch) genomes and examined genomic differentiation and gene expression patterns under abiotic stress in two populations. These two populations had a shared ancestry and originated in close geographic proximity but experienced different selective pressures due to their contrasting micro‐environments. We identified structural variants that may have played significant roles in affecting genes potentially associated with well‐differentiated phenotypes such as flowering time and drought response between two wild barley genomes. Among them, a 29‐bp insertion into the promoter region formed a cis‐regulatory element in the HvWRKY45 gene, which may contribute to enhanced tolerance to drought. A single SNP mutation in the promoter region may influence HvCO5 expression and be putatively linked to local flowering time adaptation. We also revealed significant genomic differentiation between the two populations with ongoing gene flow. Our results indicate that SNPs and small SVs link to genetic differentiation at the gene level through local adaptation and are maintained through divergent selection. In contrast, large chromosome inversions may have shaped the heterogeneous pattern of genomic differentiation along the chromosomes by suppressing chromosome recombination and gene flow. Our research offers novel insights into the genomic basis underlying local adaptation and provides valuable resources for the genetic improvement of cultivated barley.
Labor union, between group inequality, and individual attitudes toward redistribution
Authors: Han Sung Min , Ye Fangjin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe attempt to examine how union membership affects redistributive attitudes. We argue that the impact of union membership on support for redistributive policies is conditional on the economic inequality between the union and nonunion members (between group inequality [BGI]). When BGI is high, unions have less incentive to emphasize the solidaristic redistributive norm because the majority of union members would not be the beneficiaries of government redistribution.MethodsWe employ multilevel modeling using the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) datasets that cover 39 countries between 1985 and 2010.ResultsWe find that the positive effect of union membership on individual support for redistributive policies decreases as the level of BGI increases.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the importance of group‐level inequality as the contextual factor in explaining the nexus between union membership and preferences for government redistribution. It also suggests that unions play a substantial role in shaping members’ attitudes toward government policies in general.
Modelling relative abundance of Oligoryzomys flavescens, an Orthohantavirus reservoir, in an endemic hantavirus pulmonary syndrome zone
Authors: Vadell María Victoria , Fischer Carlos González , Codesido Mariano , Carbajo Aníbal , Bilenca David , Gómez Villafañe Isabel E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a zoonotic emerging infectious disease caused by New World orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) hosted by rodents of the family Cricetidae. In Argentina, one of its main hosts is the sigmodontine rodent Oligoryzomys flavescens, a widely distributed mouse of the Pampas, Delta and Espinal ecoregions of central‐east Argentina. Because the abundance of the reservoir and its proportion in the rodent community affects both virus prevalence and human exposure risk, its estimation throughout its known geographical distribution is of key importance for the design of public health strategies to prevent HPS. The aim of this study was therefore to model the relative abundance of O. flavescens in most of the Pampas ecoregion within Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, where hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is endemic. To do this we used owl‐pellet samples collected between 2006 and 2008 from 51 sites distributed throughout most of Buenos Aires province. Mammalian prey in each pellet was identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level by examination of the skulls, dentaries and molars. We modelled the frequency of O. flavescens found in each sample as a function of climatic, environmental, and topographic data of each site. The two best models were applied to a Geo referential Information System to build maps of estimated frequency (as a proxy of relative abundance) within Buenos Aires province. Estimated relative abundance of O. flavescens in Buenos Aires province was significantly associated with annual mean temperature, annual precipitation and presence of freshwater bodies, and varied among sub‐regions, with the Inland and Rolling Pampas being the regions with highest frequencies. Knowing in which areas O. flavescens abundance is expected to be higher can be used to concentrate limited sanitary efforts in those areas that are most needed in order to reduce transmission and increase detection.
Automatic Well Test Interpretation Method for Circular Reservoirs With Changing Wellbore Storage Using One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Xuliang , Zha Wenshu , Li Daolun , Li Xiang , Shen Luhang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to develop reservoirs rationally, accurate reservoir parameters are usually obtained through well test analysis. However, a good deal of well test data with changing wellbore storage characteristics bring difficulties to the current well test interpretation, so it is important to find a valid interpretation method for changing well storage reserves data. This paper proposed an automatic well test interpretation method based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) for circular reservoir with changing wellbore storage. Compared with two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D CNN), 1D CNN significantly reduces the computational complexity and time cost. The CNN takes pressure change and pressure derivative data of the log–log plot as input and reservoir parameters as output of network. This method applies two 1D CNNs respectively to fit two types of reservoir parameters, one type includes CDe2s, CαD, and CϕD and the other type is boundary distance R. In addition, the training samples of the two networks are different according to different parameters. The two-network approach reduces the difficulty of extracting curve characteristics and improves interpretation ability. The effectiveness of this method is proved by the field data in Daqing oilfield. The method greatly improves the working efficiency of well test interpreters and can be widely used.
A Proposed Pressure–Viscosity Coefficient Model Through Processing of Falling Body Viscometry Data for Di-(Ethylhexyl) Sebacate
Authors: Sadinski Robert J. , Hager Carl H. , Hannon William M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The relative volume and falling body viscosity of a common high-pressure rheology reference lubricant, di-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DEHS), are presented. Relative volume measurements up to 300 MPa are completed with a piezo-bellows relative volume cartridge. Viscosity measurements up to 1 GPa are completed with a pressurized falling body viscometer. Digital signal-processing routines used for viscosity and relative volume measurements are discussed. The viscosity data are then fit into the modified Yasutomi model. Integration of this fit, as well as that of other models found in the literature, is used to propose a pressure–viscosity coefficient model. Comparisons are first made to DEHS, followed by the application of the study results to 17 other well-documented fluids. The validity of this method is investigated using the integrated viscosity model of DEHS as well as other available datasets presented in literature. The authors perform a comparison between the calculated pressure–viscosity coefficient α* and those presented for the mentioned datasets created with the signal-processing routines. The analysis shows that the proposed pressure–viscosity coefficient model is able to accurately capture the inverse of the asymptotic isoviscous pressure response of the majority of data when compared to other calculation methods.
Genetic treatment for autosomal dominant inherited retinal dystrophies: approaches, challenges and targeted genotypes
Authors: Daich Varela Malena , Georgiadis Anastasios , Michaelides Michel 
Published: August 2022

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) have been in the front line of gene therapy development for the last decade, providing a useful platform to test novel therapeutic approaches. More than 40 clinical trials have been completed or are ongoing, tackling autosomal recessive and X-linked conditions, mostly through adeno-associated viral vector delivery of a normal copy of the disease-causing gene. However, only recently has autosomal dominant (ad) disease been targeted, with the commencement of a trial for rhodopsin (RHO)-associated retinitis pigmentosa (RP), implementing antisense oligonucleotide (AON) therapy, with promising preliminary results (NCT04123626).Autosomal dominant RP represents 15%–25% of all RP, withRHOaccounting for 20%–30% of these cases. Autosomal dominant macular and cone-rod dystrophies (MD/CORD) correspond to approximately 7.5% of all IRDs, and approximately 35% of all MD/CORD cases, with the main causative gene beingBEST1. Autosomal dominant IRDs are not only less frequent than recessive, but also tend to be less severe and have later onset; for example, an individual withRHO-adRP would typically become severely visually impaired at an age 2–3 times older than in X-linkedRPGR-RP.Gain-of-function and dominant negative aetiologies are frequently seen in the prevalent adRP genesRHO,RP1andPRPF31among others, which would not be effectively addressed by gene supplementation alone and need creative, novel approaches. Zinc fingers, RNA interference, AON, translational read-through therapy, and gene editing by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas are some of the strategies that are currently under investigation and will be discussed here.
Primary surgery versus primary rehabilitation for treating anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a living systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Saueressig Tobias , Braun Tobias , Steglich Nora , Diemer Frank , Zebisch Jochen , Herbst Maximilian , Zinser Wolfgang , Owen Patrick J , Belavy Daniel L 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveCompare the effectiveness of primarily surgical versus primarily rehabilitative management for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture.DesignLiving systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesSix databases, six trial registries and prior systematic reviews. Forward and backward citation tracking was employed.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials that compared primary reconstructive surgery and primary rehabilitative treatment with or without optional reconstructive surgery.Data synthesisBayesian random effects meta-analysis with empirical priors for the OR and standardised mean difference and 95% credible intervals (CrI), Cochrane RoB2, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to judge the certainty of evidence.ResultsOf 9514 records, 9 reports of three studies (320 participants in total) were included. No clinically important differences were observed at any follow-up for self-reported knee function (low to very low certainty of evidence). For radiological knee osteoarthritis, we found no effect at very low certainty of evidence in the long term (OR (95% CrI): 1.45 (0.30 to 5.17), two studies). Meniscal damage showed no effect at low certainty of evidence (OR: 0.85 (95% CI 0.45 to 1.62); one study) in the long term. No differences were observed between treatments for any other secondary outcome. Three ongoing randomised controlled trials were identified.ConclusionsThere is low to very low certainty of evidence that primary rehabilitation with optional surgical reconstruction results in similar outcome measures as early surgical reconstruction for ACL rupture. The findings challenge a historical paradigm that anatomic instability should be addressed with primary surgical stabilisation to provide optimal outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021256537.
Diagnostic performance of mycological tests for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-haematological patients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Meilu , Cheng Guilan , Xiong Chan , Xiao Wei , Du Long-yi , Mao Bing , Li Yu , Miao Ti-wei , Fu Juan-Juan 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionIncreasing numbers of patients with non-haematological diseases are infected with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), with a high mortality reported which is mainly due to delayed diagnosis. The diagnostic capability of mycological tests for IPA including galactomannan test, (1,3)-β-D-glucan test, lateral flow assay, lateral flow device and PCR for the non-haematological patients remains unknown. This protocol aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of mycological tests to facilitate the early diagnosis and treatments of IPA in non-haematological diseases.Methods and analysisDatabase including PubMed, CENTRAL and EMBASE will be searched from 2002 until the publication of results. Cohort or cross-sectional studies that assessing the diagnostic capability of mycological tests for IPA in patients with non-haematological diseases will be included. The true-positive, false-positive, true-negative and false-negative of each test will be extracted and pooled in bivariate random-effects model, by which the sensitivity and specificity will be calculated with 95% CI. The second outcomes will include positive (negative) likelihood ratio, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and diagnostic OR will also be computed in the bivariate model. When applicable, subgroup analysis will be performed with several prespecified covariates to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Factors that may impact the diagnostic effects of mycological tests will be examined by sensitivity analysis. The risk of bias will be appraised by the Quality Assessment tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).Ethics and disseminationThis protocol is not involved with ethics approval, and the results will be peer-reviewed and disseminated on a recognised journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021241820.
HIV knowledge, sexual practices, condom use and its associated factors among international students in one province of China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Qidi , Wu Weizi , Yi Mengyao , Shen Yan , Goldsamt Lloyd , Alkhatib Asem , Jiang Wenjing , Li Xianhong 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveChina has seen an increasing number of international students in recent years, mostly from Africa and Asia. However, little is known about these students’ HIV knowledge, sexual practices and potential HIV risk. This study aimed to describe HIV-related risk among international students.DesignAn online cross-sectional survey.Setting10 universities situated in one province of China.Participants617 international students filled out the questionnaire and 607 international students were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSocio-demographic and programme-related characteristics, HIV-related knowledge, sexual practices and other HIV/sexually transmitted infection-related variables. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with inconsistent condom use among international students.ResultThe results showed that in total, only 51.6% (313/607) of international students had adequate HIV-related knowledge, and 64.9% (394/607) reported not receiving any HIV related education or training while studying in China. Moreover, 32.3% (196/607) reported having penetrative sex including oral, vaginal and anal sex during the period in which they studied in China and among them. The proportions of inconsistent condom use in vaginal and oral intercourse while studying in China were 52.6% (50/95) and 79.5% (35/44), respectively, with casual partners, and 60% (80/129) and 91.2% (52/57) with regular partners, respectively. Female gender, being married and having multiple sexual partners were associated with inconsistent condom use.ConclusionThe present study indicated that international students in one province of China have suboptimal HIV-related knowledge, significant unprotected sex, less HIV testing and less safe sex education, which highlights an urgent need to provide HIV education and related health services to international students in China.
Institutional delivery service utilisation and associated factors among mothers of childbearing age in Delgi District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study design
Authors: Oumer Mohammed , Aragie Hailu , Worede Amanuel Girma 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the use of institutional delivery services and associated factors among Delgi District mothers of childbearing age.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study design.SettingAt five Kebeles in Delgi District, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsThe study was performed on 403 childbearing age mothers using a structured questionnaire and a face-to-face interview. We used a systematic random sampling method to select the study participants.MethodsThe data were analysed using descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression analysis, and multivariable logistic regression analysis.OutcomeInstitutional delivery service utilisation.ResultsIn the present study, 75.9% (95% CI: 71.7% to 80.1%) of respondents used health facilities for their last delivery. After adjusting for covariates, diploma holders (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=5.63; 95% CI: 3.77 to 8.39), maternal age at 23–27 years (AOR=6.47; 95% CI: 2.74 to 15.32), divorced women (AOR=0.30; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.75), husband’s primary education (AOR=0.38; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.82), the distance required above 10 km to reach the health facility (AOR=0.17; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.72) and the time required above 4 hours to reach the health facility (AOR=0.30; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.73) were significantly associated with institutional delivery service utilisation.ConclusionsThe majority of respondents utilised institutional delivery services in this study. High-level maternal education, younger maternal age, divorce marital status, low-level husband education, long distances to reach a health facility and prolonged time to reach a health facility were all independently linked to the use of institutional delivery services. One of the foundations for increasing institutional delivery service use is improving mother-waiting centres for delivery services, infrastructure and transportation services and awareness about institutional delivery services. Providing counselling services for mothers during antenatal care visits or house-to-house health education on institutional delivery services for rural residents will improve institutional delivery service use even more.