bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encouraging intelligent failure in an MBA class
Authors: Walsh Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFailure has an important role to play in learning how to navigate highly uncertain organizational environments. But “failing fast” just for its own sake may in fact undermine learning if not set up or handled correctly. Using failure‐based pedagogy, including generative failure, whole‐person learning, and entrepreneurial thinking, an MBA course was designed and experienced by 48 students in three instances. Structured around a novel guiding framework of “brains, bravery, and belief,” the course has resulted in highly impactful learning for students. Student experiments are typically based around either exploring an entrepreneurial idea, developing or enhancing a particular skill, or applying skills and knowledge to help improve a societal problem. In each case, students are supported but also challenged to go beyond their comfort zones and encounter some intelligent failure in the journey. Regular reflection on their experiences, both from a cognitive and an affective perspective, is an essential element built into the course experience. The course, which itself was an experiment and not without its own instructive failures, is now an essential part of the MBA experience.
Animal pollination increases stability of crop yield across spatial scales
Authors: Bishop Jacob , Garratt Michael P. D. , Nakagawa Shinichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe benefits of animal pollination to crop yield are well known. In contrast, the effects of animal pollination on the spatial or temporal stability (the opposite of variability) of crop yield remain poorly understood. We use meta‐analysis to combine variability information from 215 experimental comparisons between animal‐pollinated and wind‐ or self‐pollinated control plants in apple, oilseed rape and faba bean. Animal pollination increased yield stability (by an average of 32% per unit of yield) at between‐flower, ‐plant, ‐plot and ‐field scales. Evidence suggests this occurs because yield benefits of animal pollination become progressively constrained closer to the maximum potential yield in a given context, causing clustering. The increase in yield stability with animal pollination is greatest when yield benefits of animal pollination are greatest, indicating that managing crop pollination to increase yield also increases yield stability. These additional pollination benefits have not yet been included in economic assessments but provide further justification for policies to protect pollinators.
Timing of referral to evaluate for epilepsy surgery: Expert Consensus Recommendations from the Surgical Therapies Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy
Authors: Jehi Lara , Jette Nathalie , Kwon Churl‐Su , Josephson Colin B. , Burneo Jorge G. , Cendes Fernando , Sperling Michael R. , Baxendale Sallie , Busch Robyn M. , Triki Chahnez Charfi , Cross J. Helen , Ekstein Dana , Englot Dario J. , Luan Guoming , Palmini Andre , Rios Loreto , Wang Xiongfei , Roessler Karl , Rydenhag Bertil , Ramantani Georgia , Schuele Stephan , Wilmshurst Jo M. , Wilson Sarah , Wiebe Samuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEpilepsy surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with drug‐resistant seizures. A timely evaluation for surgical candidacy can be life‐saving for patients who are identified as appropriate surgical candidates, and may also enhance the care of nonsurgical candidates through improvement in diagnosis, optimization of therapy, and treatment of comorbidities. Yet, referral for surgical evaluations is often delayed while palliative options are pursued, with significant adverse consequences due to increased morbidity and mortality associated with intractable epilepsy. The Surgical Therapies Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) sought to address these clinical gaps and clarify when to initiate a surgical evaluation. We conducted a Delphi consensus process with 61 epileptologists, epilepsy neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuropsychiatrists, and neuropsychologists with a median of 22 years in practice, from 28 countries in all six ILAE world regions. After three rounds of Delphi surveys, evaluating 51 unique scenarios, we reached the following Expert Consensus Recommendations: (1) Referral for a surgical evaluation should be offered to every patient with drug‐resistant epilepsy (up to 70 years of age), as soon as drug resistance is ascertained, regardless of epilepsy duration, sex, socioeconomic status, seizure type, epilepsy type (including epileptic encephalopathies), localization, and comorbidities (including severe psychiatric comorbidity like psychogenic nonepileptic seizures [PNES] or substance abuse) if patients are cooperative with management; (2) A surgical referral should be considered for older patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy who have no surgical contraindication, and for patients (adults and children) who are seizure‐free on 1–2 antiseizure medications (ASMs) but have a brain lesion in noneloquent cortex; and (3) referral for surgery should not be offered to patients with active substance abuse who are noncooperative with management. We present the Delphi consensus results leading up to these Expert Consensus Recommendations and discuss the data supporting our conclusions. High level evidence will be required to permit creation of clinical practice guidelines.
Fédération Equestre Internationale eventing: Fence‐level risk factors for falls during the cross‐country phase (2008–2018)
Authors: Bennet Euan David , Cameron‐Whytock Heather , Parkin Tim D. H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe equestrian discipline of eventing tests athletes' and horses' skill over three phases: dressage, jumping and cross‐country. Falls during cross‐country can be particularly serious and result in serious or fatal injury for both horse and athlete. Cross‐country course and fence design are crucial contributory factors to safety.ObjectivesTo provide descriptive statistics and identify fence‐level risk factors for horses competing in Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) events worldwide.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsData were collected for every horse start worldwide in all international (CI), championship (CH), Olympics (OG) and World Equestrian Games (WEG) eventing competitions between January 2008 and December 2018 and univariable logistic regression, followed by multivariable logistic regression were applied. The final model was built in a stepwise bi‐directional process, with each step assessed by the Akaike information criterion.ResultsRisk factors were identified at the fence level covering aspects of fence design and course design. Ten fence types were at increased odds of a fall occurring compared with square spread fences, and seven types were at reduced odds. Fences with an approach downhill (odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.52), with landing into water (OR 1.82, CI 1.62–2.01), frangible devices (OR 1.28, CI 1.15–1.41) and later elements of combined obstacles (OR 1.33 CI 1.25–1.42 for the second element, OR 1.21 CI 1.10–1.32 for later elements) were associated with increased risk of falls occurring.Main LimitationsAlthough the dataset covers every international competition worldwide, it does not include national‐level competitions.ConclusionsIt is recommended that the most challenging fences are placed near the beginning of the course, and not in downhill or water settings. The complexity of individual elements in combined fences should be reduced. Adopting evidence‐based course design is a crucial intervention for reducing the incidence of horse falls and associated serious and fatal injuries to horse and human athletes.
Military adolescents' experiences of change and discontinuity: Associations with psychosocial factors and school success
Authors: O'Neal Catherine Walker , Peterson Clairee , Mancini Jay A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveDrawing from the contextual model of family stress, social support and depressive symptoms were examined as two psychosocial factors that may link experiences of change and discontinuity common to military families to military adolescents' school success (i.e., academic achievement, school engagement, and homework commitment).BackgroundMany military adolescents experience frequent changes that create discontinuity (e.g., parental deployments, relocations) and can impact their school success. Research has not examined psychosocial factors as a possible mechanism explaining the link between family change and discontinuity and adolescents' school success.MethodA path model based on 821 military adolescents' responses examined how experiences of family discontinuity were associated with adolescents' psychosocial factors and, in turn, their school success after accounting for grade level, sex, and racial/ethnic minority status. Indirect effects between family discontinuity and school success were also evaluated.ResultsFor adolescents attending public school off the military installation, parental deployment was significantly associated with less social support, and recent relocation was significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Both psychosocial factors were associated with adolescents' academic achievement, school engagement, and homework commitment.ImplicationsPrevention and intervention efforts directed at enhancing both social support and positive mental health are discussed at various systemic levels including families, schools, and communities.
Electrofishing distances for sampling fish assemblages in oxbow lakes of the River Rhine
Authors: Heimann Wilko , Futterer Daniel , Schulz Holger K. , Sahm René , Koop Jochen H. E. , Schulz Ralf 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAssessment of fish assemblage structure depends on representative sampling. In contrast to lotic water bodies, recommendations for a general study design are sparse for lentic water bodies. Therefore, we evaluated the fish assemblages in different littoral structure types (e.g. macrophytes and riprap stone) and the impact of these structure types on the minimum distance required to obtain samples representative of fish species number in oxbow lakes. Boat‐based electrofishing was used at 88 sections, each 200‐m long within five oxbow lakes connected to the Upper River Rhine in southwest Germany. Submerged macrophytes and riprap stones were important littoral structures for determining fish community structure. Littoral structure was related to species accumulation, which illustrates the importance of littoral structure to define the minimum length of sampling. Our findings suggest that at least 200‐m stretches should be sampled to describe fish assemblages in oxbow lakes.
Social entrepreneurship and future employment in Nigeria
Authors: Osabohien Romanus , Worgwu Haoma , Adediran Oluwasogo , Soomro Jahangeer Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo cater for the growing global population, the future of employment has been policy discourse. This is mainly because, as the population increases, the demand for employment increases. The danger of a looming crisis may be inevitable if considerable employment opportunities are not created to match population growth. In order to curtail uncertainty in the labour market and secure future employment, increased emphasise is laid on entrepreneurship – the skills to match new ideas to market and societal needs.Aim and DataThis study examines the extent of social entrepreneurship and its impact on future employment in Nigeria by testing the hypothesis stated in a null from as “social entrepreneurship has no significant impact on future employment in Nigeria”. The study utilises data sourced from youth entrepreneurship with innovation (YouWiN) (2019) conducted by the World Bank in conjunction with the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of Nigeria.MethodThe study engaged descriptive statistics to estimate logit regression and propensity score matching (PSM) to achieve its objective.ResultThe descriptive statistics show that only 3.15 per cent of entrepreneurship in Nigeria is a social enterprise. In addition, the mean age of business owners is about 31 years, with 83.14 per cent being male. The result from the logit regression shows that ICT utilisation, access to loans, level of education, and gender of business owners are other significant and positive determinants of future employment. The result from the PSM shows that social entrepreneurship is a significant and positive driver of future employment. It shows that social entrepreneurship will contribute not less than 21 per cent to employment in Nigeria in the next five years.ConclusionFrom the analysis, it was revealed that only 3.15 per cent of Nigerian enterprises are social enterprises, which is a possible reason for their little current contribution to present and future employment. More involvement in this sector is capable of improving future employment. In addition, to attain a boost in future employment creation in Nigeria, there has to be a significant contribution in this sector by the youth. In addition, access to ICT by business owners should be enhanced to improve business performance towards contributing to future employment. The government should adopt measures to aid business owners in securing loans to finance business activities and improve their performance.
The early association of water irrigation with negative pressure wound therapy does not more efficiently reduce the depth of the alkali infiltration progress into the burn
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , He Jinqing , Li Zhibin , Zhu Jiayuan , Wu Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater irrigation is an efficacious decontaminating method for dermis exposures to corrosive agents and hence has been widely applied to treat especially alkali burns. Nevertheless, once alkali has infiltrated the deep subcutaneous tissue, washing the tissue surface with water irrigation does not attenuate the damage progress. Therefore, significant efforts have been devoted to promising strategies aimed at removing the deeply infiltrated lye. According to a recent report, the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) reduces the pH value of the exudate from alkali‐provoked burns thus accelerating wound healing. However, it remains to be ascertained whether or not NPWT coupled with water irrigation, that is, iNPWT, more effectively hinders the alkali injury deepening. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of an early application of water irrigation with or without NPWT in preventing the progressive deepening of the alkali burn in an animal model. Our histological examination results showed no appreciable difference in tissue injury depth, dermal retention, inflammatory cell infiltration, re‐epithelization, and cellular function between iNPWT and water irrigation alone treatments. Thus, our results prove that the more expensive NPWT coupled with water irrigation does not more effectively hinder the alkali's injury deepening. Hence, iNPWT use should be more cautious in clinical practice.
High‐temperature reactive synthesis of the Zr–Ta multiboride with a supercomposite structure
Authors: Demirskyi Dmytro , Suzuki Tohru S. , Yoshimi Kyosuke , Vasylkiv Oleg 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study reports the formation of a ceramic composite consisting only of boride phases with an artificially created hierarchical superstructure. Such a composite was formed during the reaction‐driven consolidation process using a mixture of ZrB2, tantalum, and amorphous boron powders. The homogeneity of the reaction among these powders at 1900°C allowed the forming of a highly reproducible and repetitive superstructure where Ta3B4 forms a chain‐like mesh that entraps the ZrB2, ZrB, TaB, and (Zr,Ta)B2 phases. The multiboride ceramic composite exhibited extremely high hardness: 28.6 ± 3.2 or 22.6 ± 0.6 GPa. These were estimated using 98‐ and 196‐N loads, respectively. At 2000°C, the multiboride composite showed a strength of nearly 400 MPa and fractured in an elastic manner at the loading rate of 2.5 mm/min. This level of strength is usually observed for the bulk zirconium diboride at room temperature. The main factors leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties were considered to be the formation of the (Zr,Ta)B2 solid solution as well the composite structure.
Electromechanical properties of paper‐derived potassium sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Wahl Larissa , Maier Juliana Gabriele , Schmiedeke Samuel , Pham The‐An , Fey Tobias , Webber Kyle Grant , Travitzky Nahum , Khansur Neamul Hayet 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe small‐signal dielectric and piezoelectric coefficients of paper‐derived sodium potassium niobate, K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN), were compared with those of conventionally prepared samples. Results show similar functional properties of paper‐derived KNN without significantly decreasing the small‐signal piezoelectric coefficient. The structure and microstructure analysis of conventional KNN and paper‐derived KNN did not reveal any significant difference in the crystal structure and grain size. However, the temperature‐dependent inter‐ferroelectric phase transition temperature estimated from the temperature‐dependent dielectric permittivity data revealed a decrease of approximately 18°C for the paper‐derived KNN and is possibly associated with the structural and microstructural defects. This work indicates that optimizing suspension chemistry and sintering conditions will be critical to enhance the functional response of paper‐derived KNN further. Moreover, paper‐derived ceramic processing, a novel and cost‐effective additive manufacturing technology, can be potentially used to fabricate other electroceramics with a wide range of porosities and sizes as well as complex geometries and multilayer structures.
Pragmatism as a philosophical foundation to integrate education, practice, research and policy across the nursing profession
Authors: Dolan Sara , Nowell Lorelli , McCaffrey Graham 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimA discussion of the philosophy of pragmatism and how it can underpin and integrate nursing education, practice, research and policy across the nursing profession.BackgroundAlthough the concepts of plurality, truth, fallibilism, subjectivity and meliorism have been discussed across foundational philosophical literature, the relation of these concepts across various facets of the nursing profession have not been thoroughly articulated in the nursing literature.DesignCritical theoretical reflection.Data sourcesIn this article, we draw from literature written on the philosophy of pragmatism from 1907 through to 2021.Implications for nursingWe propose an integrative approach for the nursing profession where education, practice, research and policy speak and contribute to each other through a lens of pragmatism. In this approach, education has a relationship with practice and practice has a direct line to research where nurses on the front lines can engage with pragmatic inquiry. Researchers in return can inform frontline nurses and policymakers of evidence emerging in areas pertinent to practice. These relationships are made possible through integrated knowledge translation by including all stakeholders at every point of knowledge generation. Each facet of the nursing profession is filled with stakeholders of nursing knowledge, who are invested in its utility. Although it requires focused effort to integrate knowledge across the profession, pragmatism calls for action in the face of challenges in hope for a stronger body of nursing knowledge and ultimately profession.ConclusionPragmatism is an apt philosophy to underpin and integrate nursing education, practice, research and policy across the nursing profession.
Slurs and Freedom of Speech
Authors: Rinner Stefan 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTA very common argument against restrictions on hate speech says that since such restrictions curtail freedom of speech, they cause more harm than they prevent. A no less common reply has it that the harms caused by hate speech are sufficiently great to justify legal restrictions on free speech. In ‘Freedom of Expression and Derogatory Words’, West questions a common assumption of both arguments concerning the use of slurs, i.e. that restricting the use of slurs necessarily curtails freedom of speech. According to West, everything that can be said with a slur can be said with its neutral counterpart. Given the psychological and social harms of slurs, this would give us a compelling reason to put legal restrictions on their use. However, in this article, I will argue that, according to the main theories of slurs, slurs can be used to express derogatory information which cannot be expressed by their neutral counterparts. This will leave us with two options when it comes to avoiding the negative effects of slurs: (i) to restrict freedom of speech or (ii) to argue that the derogatory information expressed by slurs is not covered by free speech. Both options will depart significantly from West's argument.
From minimally to maximally invasive; VT ablation in the setting of mechanical aortic and mitral valves
Authors: Hawson Joshua , Kalman Jonathan , Goldblatt John , Anderson Robert D. , Watts Troy , Hardcastle Nick , Siva Shankar , Kumar Saurabh , Lee Geoffrey 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDouble mitral and aortic mechanical valves present an access challenge when planning a ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. In this case report, we describe a patient who was considered for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy but was unable to proceed due to unfavorable anatomy making them at high risk of fistula formation. The patient went on to have an endocardial VT ablation via mini‐thoracotomy and transapical access without complication. This case highlights the need for careful consideration when planning treatment for patients with double mechanical valves.
A 15‐year follow‐up study of radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with tachycardia‐bradycardia syndrome
Authors: Tokuda Michifumi , Yamashita Seigo , Hachisuka Eri , Sato Hidenori , Oseto Hirotsuna , Yokoyama Masaaki , Tokutake Kenichi , Yokoyama Kenichi , Kato Mika , Narui Ryohsuke , Tanigawa Shinichi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yamane Teiichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with tachycardia‐bradycardia syndrome (TBS) can be a major therapeutic option to replace permanent pacemaker implantation (PMI). However, the very long‐term outcome of more than 15 years in these patients has not been elucidated.MethodsFrom 2002 to 2008, 25 consecutive TBS patients (62 ± 7.9 years old, 68% male) with both AF and symptomatic sinus pauses (>3.0 s) were performed radiofrequency AF ablation. These patients were followed for 15 ± 2.7 years.ResultsThe median longest sinus pause before the ablation procedure was 6.0 s (4.4–8.0). Following 1.6± 0.8 ablation procedures, 18 (72%) patients remained free from AF. Three (12%) patients died due to noncardiovascular causes, and seven (28%) patients underwent PMI due to symptomatic sinus pause after recurrent AF in five patients and progression of sinus node dysfunction in two patients. The median duration from the first AF ablation to PMI was 6.3 years (range: 9 days to 11.0 years). Five and two patients required PMI more than 5 and 10 years after the first ablation procedure, respectively.ConclusionAF ablation prevented PMI in 72% of TBS patients for a 15‐year follow‐up. However, in consideration of the long duration of PMI, a continuous careful long‐term follow‐up was warranted.