bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signaling modality within gp130 receptor enhances tissue regeneration
Authors: Shkhyan Ruzanna , Flynn Candace , Lamoure Emma , Handel Ben Van , Sarkar Arijita , Li Jinxiu , York Jesse , Banks Nicholas , Van der Horst Robert , Liu Nancy Q. , Lee Siyoung , Bajaj Paul , Vadivel Kanagasabai , Harn Hans I-Chen , Lozito Thomas , Lieberman Jay R. , Chuong Cheng-Ming , Hurtig Mark S. , Evseenko Denis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdult mammals are incapable of multi-tissue regeneration and augmentation of this potential may drastically shift current therapeutic paradigms. Here, we found that a common co-receptor of IL-6 cytokines, glycoprotein 130 (gp130), serves as a major nexus integrating various context-specific signaling inputs to either promote regenerative outcomes or aggravate disease progression. Via genetic and pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo, we demonstrated that a signaling tyrosine 814 (Y814) within gp130 serves as a major cellular stress sensor. Mice with constitutively inactivated Y814 (F814) exhibit regenerative, not reparative, responses after wounding in skin and anti-degenerative responses in the synovial joint. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of gp130 Y814 results in regeneration of multiple tissues in several species as well as disease modification in animal models of osteoarthritis. Our study characterizes a novel molecular mechanism that, if selectively manipulated, enhances the intrinsic regenerative capacity while preventing pathological outcomes in injury and disease.SummaryGp130 Y814 signaling module serves as a cellular stress sensor responsible for hindering tissue regeneration while triggering pathological outcomes after injury.
Intestinal Bacteroides Modulates Systemic Inflammation and the Microbial Ecology in a Mouse Model of CF: Evidence for Propionate and other Short Chain Fatty Acids Reducing Systemic Inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Price Courtney E. , Valls Rebecca A. , Ramsey Alexis R. , Loeven Nicole A. , Jones Jane T. , Barrack Kaitlyn E. , Schwartzman Joseph D , Royce Darlene B. , Cramer Robert A. , Madan Juliette C. , Ross Benjamin D. , Bliska James , O’Toole George A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTPersons with cystic fibrosis, starting in early life, have intestinal microbiome dysbiosis characterized in part by a decreased relative abundance of the genus Bacteroides. Bacteroides is a major producer of the intestinal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) propionate. We demonstrate here that CFTR-/- Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells are responsive to the anti-inflammatory effects of propionate. Furthermore, Bacteroides isolates inhibit the IL-1β-induced inflammatory response of CFTR-/- Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells and do so in a propionate-dependent manner. Bacteroides isolates also produce low levels of butyrate; this SCFA is positively correlated with inhibition of the inflammatory response. Finally, the introduction of Bacteroides-supplemented stool from infants with CF into the gut of CftrF508del mice results in an increase in propionate in the stool as well as the reduction in several systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines. Bacteroides supplementation also reduced the fecal relative abundance of E. coli, indicating a potential interaction between these two microbes, consistent with previous clinical studies. Together, our data indicate the important role of Bacteroides and Bacteroides-derived propionate in the context of the developing microbiome in infants and children with CF, which could help explain the observed gut-lung axis in CF.
Neuronal apoptosis drives remodeling states of microglia and shifts in survival pathway dependence
Authors: Anderson Sarah R , Roberts Jacqueline M , Ghena Nate , Irvin Emmalyn , Schwakopf Joon , Cooperstein Isabelle , Bosco Alejandra , Vetter Monica L 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMicroglia serve critical remodeling roles that shape the developing nervous system, responding to the changing neural environment with phagocytosis or soluble factor secretion. Recent single-cell sequencing (scRNAseq) studies have revealed the context-dependent diversity in microglial properties and gene expression, but the cues promoting this diversity are not well defined. Here, we ask how interactions with apoptotic neurons shape microglial state, including lysosomal and lipid metabolism gene expression and independence from Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) for survival. Using early postnatal mouse retina, a CNS region undergoing significant developmental remodeling, we performed scRNAseq on microglia from mice that are wild-type, lack neuronal apoptosis (Bax KO), or are treated with CSF1R inhibitor (PLX3397). We find that interactions with apoptotic neurons drives multiple microglial remodeling states, subsets of which are resistant to CSF1R inhibition. We find that TAM receptor Mer and complement receptor 3 are required for clearance of apoptotic neurons, but that Mer does not drive expression of remodeling genes. We show TAM receptor Axl is negligible for phagocytosis or remodeling gene expression but is consequential for microglial survival in the absence of CSF1R signaling. Thus, interactions with apoptotic neurons shift microglia towards distinct remodeling states and through Axl, alters microglial dependence on survival pathway, CSF1R.
Tiling mechanisms of the compound eye through geometrical tessellation
Authors: Hayashi Takashi , Tomomizu Takeshi , Sushida Takamichi , Akiyama Masakazu , Ei Shin-Ichiro , Sato Makoto 
Published: January 2022

SummaryTilling patterns are observed in many biological structures. Hexagonal tilling, commonly observed in the compound eyes of wild-type Drosophila, is dominant in nature; this dominance can probably be attributed to physical restrictions such as structural robustness, minimal boundary length, and space filling efficiency. Surprisingly, tetragonal tiling patterns are also observed in some Drosophila small eye mutants and aquatic crustaceans. Herein, geometrical tessellation is shown to determine the ommatidial tiling patterns. In small eye mutants, the hexagonal pattern is transformed into a tetragonal pattern as the relative positions of neighboring ommatidia are stretched along the dorsal-ventral axis. Hence, the regular distribution of ommatidia and their uniform growth collectively play an essential role in the establishment of tetragonal and hexagonal tiling patterns in compound eyes.
Rapid macropinocytic transfer of α-synuclein to lysosomes
Authors: Bayati Armin , Banks Emily , Han Chanshuai , Luo Wen , Reintsch Wolfgang E. , Zorca Cornelia E. , Shlaifer Irina , Del Cid Pellitero Esther , Vanderperre Benoit , McBride Heidi M. , Fon Edward A. , Durcan Thomas M. , McPherson Peter S. 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYThe nervous system spread of alpha-synuclein fibrils is thought to cause Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies, yet the mechanisms underlying internalization and cellular spread are enigmatic. Here we use confocal and super-resolution microscopy, subcellular fractionation and electron microscopy (EM) of immunogold labelled alpha-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF) to demonstrate that this fibril form of alpha-synuclein undergoes rapid internalization and is targeted directly to lysosomes in as little as 2 minutes. Uptake of PFF is disrupted by macropinocytic inhibitors and circumvents classical endosomal pathways. Immunogold-labelled PFF are seen at the highly curved inward edge of membrane ruffles, in newly formed macropinosomes, in multivesicular bodies and in lysosomes. While most fibrils remain in lysosomes, a portion is transferred to neighboring naïve cells along with markers of exosomes. These data indicate that PFF use a unique internalization mechanism as a component of cell-to-cell propagation.
Income satisfaction among Millennials during COVID-19: the interplay among cognitive, noncognitive and financial factors
Authors: Chhatwani Malvika 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine income satisfaction among Millennials during COVID-19. The authors explore the roles of cognitive factors: financial literacy and noncognitive factors: personality traits. Further, the authors also determine if financial status moderates the linkage between consumers' financial literacy and income satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe sample size of the study is 1754, and the data were collected from April to December 2020. The authors employ ordered logistic regression analysis in the study.FindingsThe authors find that financially literate Millennials report high-income satisfaction during the pandemic. However, the impact of the cognitive factor gets nullified after considering the role of noncognitive factors. Further, income moderates the linkage between financial literacy and income satisfaction such that financially literate consumers in the high-income category derived more income satisfaction.Practical implicationsConsumer financial education should become more pervasive, and the focus should be placed on high-income consumers as, without financial literacy, they may not report high-income satisfaction. Further, the marketers should also keep in mind that personality traits play an important role in consumers' overall satisfaction, so financial services and products should be designed considering consumer personality traits.Originality/valueThe primary contribution of the paper is to show the positive impact of cognitive and noncognitive factors on income satisfaction. Moreover, personality traits are stronger predictors of income satisfaction such that extroverted individuals have high satisfaction, whereas openness to experience and neuroticism is negatively related to income satisfaction among Millennials.
Left to their own devices? Antecedents and contingent effects of workplace anxiety in the WFH selling environment
Authors: Rangarajan Deva , Badrinarayanan Vishag , Sharma Aditi , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Guda Sridhar 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The main purpose of this research is to understand how the sudden shift to work from home (WFH) after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has caught several sales organizations underprepared and ill-equipped to combat emergent challenges. In this research, the authors provide initial evidence into how the WFH arrangement impacts salespeople and sales organizations. Specifically, this research is guided by two objectives: to understand how the shift to WFH environment is affecting salespeople, and to explore how organizations can mitigate dysfunctional effects of the shift to WFH practices and enhance salespeople’s commitment toward this new reality.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors did preliminary in-depth interviews with 13 executives operating in the business-to-business (B2B) space to identify themes that reflected the reality faced by B2B sales organizations when transitioning to WFH. The authors then conducted a quantitative study involving a survey with 130 B2B salespeople.

Findings
The findings from the qualitative research suggested that the WFH situation is quite different from the more traditional remote selling situations that B2B salespeople are used to. More specifically, salespeople experienced more anxiety because of the WFH situations. This finding was supported in the empirical study done by the authors where stress associated with WFH and job insecurity had a significant impact on salesperson anxiety.

Research limitations/implications
The study primarily used subjective responses of salespeople with no objective measures. Furthermore, this study is cross-sectional in nature. Future research should build on the present work to understand the long-term consequences of WFH and factor in customer responses to the same. The impact of increased use of technology in the sales process will need further attention, including the sales management implication for the same.

Originality/value
Given the unforeseen nature of the COVID pandemic and how unprepared salespeople and sales organizations were to deal with it, this study is one of the first studies that documents the impact of WFH situations on salespeople.
Corporate memory dynamics in project-based organizations (PBOs): multiple case study in Brazilian engineering design firms and a framework proposal
Authors: Barbosa Leandro César Mol , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni , Choo Chun Wei , Versiani Ângela França , Pedron Cristiane Drebes 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate how the processes of memory acquisition, retention, retrieval and application occur in project-based organizations (PBOs). In this kind of organization, the nature of corporate memory is influenced by the transience, uniqueness and independence of the project portfolio. Such understanding may help practitioners to mitigate the effects of project transience and promote knowledge sharing among project teams.

Design/methodology/approach
An empirical and qualitative study was carried out through a multiple case study approach conducted in three Brazilian Engineering Design Firms, which are organized by projects. Document analysis, direct observation and semi-structured interviews with engineers, project managers and executives were conducted.

Findings
The memory acquisition process takes place in five forms which have different sources and destinations when comparing PBOs with traditional organizational settings. Memory retention in PBOs crosses organizational boundaries and establishes a knowledge network of former employees and third parties. The PBOs project memory can be divided into volatile and perennial memory, where the former can be lost throughout project execution and the latter is internalized, becoming an inseparable part of the corporate memory. Memory retrieval in PBOs is also distinct since it has particular mechanisms depending on whether the knowledge is technical or administrative.

Originality/value
The research investigates the corporate memory processes within the volatile context of PBOs in a Latin-American developing country whose culture favors tacit knowledge exchange. The paper proposes a framework that unveils different patterns of knowledge acquisition, temporary and perennial retention structures, intensive usage of external knowledge in memory retrieval and particular memory applications in PBOs. The framework may guide scholars, project managers, engineers and practitioners in navigating through the uniqueness of organizational learning flows and structures in PBOs.
Misogyny in the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Wistrich Harriet 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFocussing on a number of events during the month of March 2021, this article illustrates the enduring presence of misogynistic attitudes across criminal justice institutions, which leads to discriminatory practice and unjust outcomes for women. In particular, it focusses on the events following the high‐profile disappearance and murder of Sarah Everard, the growing awareness of police perpetrated abuse, the collapse in rape prosecutions and the unwillingness of the courts to hold the Crown Prosecution Service accountable. The article references the Domestic Abuse Bill in the final stages of its parliamentary journey and what was missing from it. Concluding with a detailed exploration of how the small number of women who kill their violent partners are frequently convicted of murder, illustrated by a detailed case study of Emma‐Jayne Magson. How women who kill are treated in the criminal justice system is a microcosmic illustration of misogyny in the criminal justice system.
The incidence of acute kidney injury and its association with mortality in patients diagnosed withCOVID‐19 followed up in intensive care unit
Authors: Bayrakci Nergiz , Özkan Gülsüm , Şakaci Murat , Sedef Samet , Erdem İlknur , Tuna Nazan , Mutlu Levent Cem , Yildirim İlker , Kiraz Nuri , Erdal Berna , Gelgeç Ebru , Erer Ayşen , Saraç Ömürhan , Yavuz Ahmet , Dolap Uysal , Hayri Uluğ Bey , Kocadelioğlu İnci , Batmaz Emrah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe kidneys are some of the most frequently affected organs during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This multicenter study evaluated the incidence of and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID‐19 patients followed up in intensive care unit (ICU) and its association with mortality.MethodsThree hundred twenty‐eight patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 and hospitalized in ICU were included. Risk factors associated with AKI and mortality were evaluated.ResultsEighty‐eight patients (27.9%) were diagnosed with AKI. AKI was significantly associated with older age, higher baseline creatinine level, lower albumin level, and coexistence of cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mortality in the entire study group was significantly associated with AKI, older age, requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation, higher neutrophil level, lower lymphocyte, and albumin levels.ConclusionAKI is frequently seen during the course of COVID‐19 and is associated with high mortality. Identifying AKI‐related risk factors appears essential in the management of COVID‐19 patients.
Hospitalization patterns in HD patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive cohort study
Authors: Abderrahim Ezzedine , Moussa Ayman S. , Ahmed Mahmoud , Alobaili Saad , Dridi Afef , Jubran Ibrahim A. , Al‐Badr Wisam H. A. , Jacobson Stefan H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe rate of hospitalization represents a morbidity indicator in HD patients. The study aimed to evaluate hospitalization patterns in a large HD cohort.MethodsAll DaVita‐KSA HD patients from October 2014 to December 2019 were included. Demographical and clinical characteristics and hospitalization data were recorded. Less than 24 h admission was excluded. Overall and cause‐specific hospitalization rates were calculated.ResultsDuring the follow‐up period, 3982 patients with a mean age of 52.5 ± 16.8 years, 2667 hospitalizations were recorded in 34.1% of the patients and 45.6% had repeated admissions. Infectious causes accounted for 26.6% of all recorded causes vs. 15.6% for cardiovascular complications. The median hospital stay length was 11 days, while the overall annual hospitalization rate of 34.9% and the annual duration of 3.7 days per patient. Hospitalized patients had a higher risk of mortality (p < 0.001).ConclusionInfectious complications were the leading cause of hospitalization and had the longest hospital stay.
Predicting the optimal amount of time to spend learning before designating protected habitat for threatened species
Authors: Camaclang Abbey E. , Chadès Iadine , Martin Tara G. , Possingham Hugh P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Deciding when to protect threatened species habitat when complete knowledge about the habitat extent is uncertain is a common problem in conservation. More accurate habitat mapping improves conservation outcomes once that habitat is protected. However, delaying protection to improve accuracy can lead to species decline or, at worst, local extinction when threats to that habitat continue unabated before protection is implemented. Hence, there is a trade‐off between gaining knowledge and taking conservation action.

We quantified this trade‐off and determined the optimal time to spend learning about a species' habitat before protecting that habitat. We used a range of hypothetical learning curves to model improvements in the accuracy of predicted habitat over time, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to model the corresponding increase in the proportion of habitat protected. We used rates of habitat loss to model the impact of delaying habitat protection and derived analytical solutions to the problem for different types of learning curves.

We illustrate our approach using two threatened species, the koala Phascolarctos cinereus in Australia and northern abalone Haliotis kamtschatkana in Canada. Our approach confirms that when impacts of threatening processes are incurred rapidly, the need for timely protection is high, and the optimal time to spend learning is short for all learning curves. When the rate of habitat loss is low, we benefit from better habitat identification, and the optimal time to protect is sensitive to assumptions about how we learn and the proportion of non‐habitat we are willing to protect unnecessarily.

Navigating the trade‐off between information gain and timely action is a common problem in conservation. By optimizing the trade‐off between the benefits of improving mapping accuracy and the costs of delaying protection, we provide guidelines on the effective allocation of resources between habitat identification and habitat protection. Importantly, by explicitly modelling this trade‐off with a range of learning curves and estimates of the rates of habitat loss or other threatening processes, we can predict the optimal time to spend learning even when relatively little is known about a species and its habitat.
Serological testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in clinical practice: A comparative diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Horn Michael P. , Jonsdottir Hulda R. , Brigger Daniel , Damonti Lauro , Suter‐Riniker Franziska , Endrich Olga , Froehlich Tanja K. , Fiedler Martin , Largiadèr Carlo R. , Marschall Jonas , Weber Benjamin , Eggel Alexander , Nagler Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSerological tests are a powerful tool in the monitoring of infectious diseases and the detection of host immunity. However, manufacturers often provide diagnostic accuracy data generated through biased studies, and the performance in clinical practice is essentially unclear.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of various serological testing strategies for (a) identification of patients with previous coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) and (b) prediction of neutralizing antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 in real‐life clinical settings.MethodsWe prospectively included 2573 consecutive health‐care workers and 1085 inpatients with suspected or possible previous COVID‐19 at a Swiss University Hospital. Various serological immunoassays based on different analytical techniques (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, ELISA; chemiluminescence immunoassay, CLIA; electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, ECLIA; and lateral flow immunoassay, LFI), epitopes of SARS‐CoV‐2 (nucleocapsid, N; receptor‐binding domain, RBD; extended RBD, RBD+; S1 or S2 domain of the spike [S] protein, S1/S2), and antibody subtypes (IgG, pan‐Ig) were conducted. A positive real‐time PCR test from a nasopharyngeal swab was defined as previous COVID‐19. Neutralization assays with live SARS‐CoV‐2 were performed in a subgroup of patients to assess neutralization activity (n = 201).ResultsThe sensitivity to detect patients with previous COVID‐19 was ≥85% in anti‐N ECLIA (86.8%) and anti‐S1 ELISA (86.2%). Sensitivity was 84.7% in anti‐S1/S2 CLIA, 84.0% in anti‐RBD+LFI, 81.0% in anti‐N CLIA, 79.2% in anti‐RBD ELISA, and 65.6% in anti‐N ELISA. The specificity was 98.4% in anti‐N ECLIA, 98.3% in anti‐N CLIA, 98.2% in anti‐S1 ELISA, 97.7% in anti‐N ELISA, 97.6% in anti‐S1/S2 CLIA, 97.2% in anti‐RBD ELISA, and 96.1% in anti‐RBD+LFI.The sensitivity to detect neutralizing antibodies was ≥85% in anti‐S1 ELISA (92.7%), anti‐N ECLIA (91.7%), anti‐S1/S2 CLIA (90.3%), anti‐RBD+LFI (87.9%), and anti‐RBD ELISA (85.8%). Sensitivity was 84.1% in anti‐N CLIA and 66.2% in anti‐N ELISA. The specificity was ≥97% in anti‐N CLIA (100%), anti‐S1/S2 CLIA (97.7%), and anti‐RBD+LFI (97.9%). Specificity was 95.9% in anti‐RBD ELISA, 93.0% in anti‐N ECLIA, 92% in anti‐S1 ELISA, and 65.3% in anti‐N ELISA. Diagnostic accuracy measures were consistent among subgroups.ConclusionsThe diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies varied remarkably in clinical practice, and the sensitivity to identify patients with previous COVID‐19 deviated substantially from the manufacturer's specifications. The data presented here should be considered when using such tests to estimate the infection burden within a specific population and determine the likelihood of protection against re‐infection.