bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer-assisted tumor grading, validation of PD-L1 scoring, and quantification of CD8-positive immune cell density in urothelial carcinoma, a visual guide for pathologists using QuPath
Authors: Rodrigues Aline , Nogueira Cleto , Marinho Laura Cardoso , Velozo Guilherme , Sousa Juliana , Silva Paulo Goberlanio , Tavora Fabio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Advances in digital imaging in pathology and the new capacity to scan high-quality images have change the way to practice and research in surgical pathology. QuPath is an open-source pathology software that offers a reproducible way to analyze quantified variables. We aimed to present the functionality of biomarker scoring using QuPath and provide a guide for the validation of pathologic grading using a series of cases of urothelial carcinomas.

Methods
Tissue microarrays of urothelial carcinomas were constructed and scanned. The images stained with HE, CD8 and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry were imported into QuPath and dearrayed. Training images were used to build a grade classifier and applied to all cases. Quantification of CD8 and PD-L1 was undertaken for each core using cytoplasmic and membrane color segmentation and output measurement and compared with pathologists semi-quantitative assessments.

Results
There was a good correlation between tumor grade by the pathologist and by QuPath software (Kappa agreement 0.73). For low-grade carcinomas (by the report and pathologist), the concordance was not as high. Of the 32 low-grade tumors, 22 were correctly classified as low-grade, but 11 (34%) were diagnosed as high-grade, with the high-grade to the low-grade ratio in these misclassified cases ranging from 0.41 to 0.58. The median ratio for bona fide high-grade carcinomas was 0.59. Some of the reasons the authors list as potential mimickers for high-grade cases are fulguration artifact, nuclear hyperchromasia, folded tissues, and inconsistency in staining. The correlation analysis between the software and the pathologist showed that the CD8 marker showed a moderate (r = 0.595) and statistically significant (p < 0.001) correlation. The internal consistency of this parameter showed an index of 0.470. The correlation analysis between the software and the pathologist showed that the PDL1 marker showed a robust (r = 0.834) and significant (p < 0.001) correlation. The internal consistency of this parameter showed a CCI of 0.851.

Conclusions
We were able to demonstrate the utility of QuPath in identifying and scoring tumor cells and IHC quantification of two biomarkers. The protocol we present uses a free open-source platform to help researchers deal with imaging and data processing in the surgical pathology field.
Sexual abuse and mental ill health in boys and men: what we do and don't know
Authors: Rice Simon M. , Easton Scott D. , Seidler Zac E. , Oliffe John L. 
Published: June 2022

Summary
The spectrum of adverse mental health trajectories caused by sexual abuse, broadly defined as exposure to rape and unwanted physical sexual contact, is well-known. Few studies have systematically appraised the epidemiology and impact of sexual abuse among boys and men. New meta-analytic insights (k = 44; n = 45 172) reported by Zarchev and colleagues challenge assumptions that men experiencing mental ill health rarely report sexual abuse exposure. Adult-onset sexual abuse rates of 1–7% are observed in the general population, but for men experiencing mental ill health, adult lifetime prevalence was 14.1% (95% CI 7.3–22.4%), with past-year exposure 5.3% (95% CI 1.6–12.8%). We note that these rates are certainly underestimates, as childhood sexual abuse exposures were excluded. Boys and men with a sexual abuse history experience substantial disclosure and treatment barriers. We draw attention to population health gains that could be achieved via implementation of gender-sensitive assessment and intervention approaches for this at-risk population.
Alzheimer Disease
Authors: McDade Eric M. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in adults (mid to late life), highlighting the importance of understanding the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and recent developments in diagnostic testing and therapeutics.

RECENT FINDINGS
Advances in fluid (CSF and blood-based) and imaging biomarkers are allowing for a more precise and earlier diagnosis of AD (relative to non-AD dementias) across the disease spectrum and in patients with atypical clinical features. Specifically, tau- and amyloid-related AD pathologic changes can now be measured by CSF, plasma, and positron emission tomography (PET) with good precision. Additionally, a better understanding of risk factors for AD has highlighted the need for clinicians to address comorbidities to maximize prevention of cognitive decline in those at risk or to slow decline in patients who are symptomatic. Recent clinical trials of amyloid-lowering drugs have provided not only some optimism that amyloid reduction or prevention may be beneficial but also a recognition that addressing additional targets will be necessary for significant disease modification.

SUMMARY
Recent developments in fluid and imaging biomarkers have led to the improved understanding of AD as a chronic condition with a protracted presymptomatic phase followed by the clinical stage traditionally recognized by neurologists. As clinical trials of potential disease-modifying therapies continue, important developments in the understanding of the disease will improve clinical care now and lead to more effective therapies in the near future.
An Intimate “Range of Elsewhere”: Sensuous Imaginaries of the Indian Ocean in Precolonial Swahili Poetry
Authors: Vierke Clarissa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Swahili poetry of the master poet Fumo Liyongo, which dates between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, draws much of its imagery from the Indian Ocean, and in a particularly sensuous way: the poems paint baroque tableaux of Swahili material culture, evoking multiple elsewheres. They conjure the Indian Ocean through tastes, scents, and views of its rich interiors, which delineate a distinctively coastal world implicated to different degrees in the vaster oceanic region. Borrowing from aesthetic theories, the article explores the poem’s sensuality as a productive way of “thinking” about Indian Ocean relations, namely as a continual reemergence of cycles of sensation, questioning the clear-cut dichotomy of the “exterior” world and “intimate” notions of irreducible personhood as well as notions of local and cosmopolitan. Zeroing in on the betel quid, which has turned into a “mythological” cultural node of Swahili identity as well as a prominent rhetorical topos of Swahili love poetry, this article explores its imaginative productivity.
Asia Rising Is an Imperial Fiction: A View from the Indian Ocean
Authors: Qadir Neelofer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPopular rhetoric of the twenty-first century as the “Asian century” frequently coheres around China as a rising global superpower and thus focuses on its financial and material ambitions in sites across Asia and Africa. Such narratives, ensconced within the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) formation, re-entrench a problematic Orientalism while pushing further to the margins still the complex, long-standing regional histories. This essay juxtaposes Amitav Ghosh’s Ibis trilogy and Kevin Kwan’s Rich trilogy in relation to Indian Ocean histories of trade and exchange. Through world-historical events activated in these novels such as World War II and the first Anglo-Opium War, the essay’s argument follows nineteenth- and twentieth-century transits between the South Asian subcontinent, the Malay Archipelago, and China. Taking circularity as a central analytic, this essay reveals how an elongated temporal frame that accounts from non-European vantages—even in contemporary Anglophone literature—reorients not only what we consider the past and present of Indian Ocean worlds, but also how those pasts bear on the contemporary.
Loss to Follow-up and Unplanned Readmission After Emergent Surgery for Acute Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Guidry Bradley S. , Tang Alan R. , Thomas Harrison , Thakkar Rut , Sermarini Anthony , Dambrino Robert J. , Yengo-Kahn Aaron , Chambless Lola B. , Morone Peter , Chotai Silky 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:
Loss to follow-up (LTF) and unplanned readmission are barriers to recovery after acute subdural hematoma evacuation. The variables associated with these postdischarge events are not fully understood.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine factors associated with LTF and unplanned readmission, emphasizing socioeconomic status (SES).

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was conducted of surgical patients with acute subdural hematoma managed operatively from 2009 to 2019 at a level 1 regional trauma center. Area Deprivation Index (ADI), which is a neighborhood-level composite socioeconomic score, was used to measure SES. Higher ADI corresponds to lower SES. To decrease the number of covariates in the model, principal components (PCs) analysis was used. Multivariable logistic regression analyses of PCs were performed for LTF and unplanned readmission.

RESULTS:
A total of 172 patients were included in this study. Thirty-six patients (21%) were LTF, and 49 (28%) patients were readmitted; 11 (6%) patients were both LTF and readmitted (P = .9). The median time to readmission was 10 days (Q1: 4.5, Q3: 35). In multivariable logistic regression analyses for LTF, increased ADI and distance to hospital through PC2 (odds ratio [OR] 1.49; P = .009) and uninsured/Medicaid status and increased length of stay through PC4 (OR 1.73; P = .015) significantly contributed to the risk of LTF. Unfavorable discharge functional status and nonhome disposition through PC3 were associated with decreased odds of unplanned readmission (OR = 0.69; P = .028).

CONCLUSION:
Patients at high risk for LTF and unplanned readmissions, as identified in this study, may benefit from targeted resources individualized to their needs to address barrier to follow-up and to ensure continuity of care.
The social representation of internet gaming disorder in the Greek population
Authors: Kollias Dimitrios , Lampris Ioannis , Mouli Anastasia , Plagos Panagiotis , Velaki Athanasia 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to study the social representation of Internet Gaming Disorder. For this reason, 286 adults, both male and female, 18-69 years old, participated in the research. The selected method is the free association technique. Underlying assumptions are: On one hand, a strong representation was not expected, given the fact that this disorder has been acknowledged only for the last ten years in the scientific field. On the other hand, addiction is expected to be the central nucleus’ main element. Results confirmed the above assumptions. Indeed, addiction seems to be the core’s main element. Furthermore, “Social isolation” and “Technological means” stood out as main peripheral elements, due to their relatively high frequency. In addition, results suggest that the representation has not yet fully emerged, confirming our first hypothesis. Finally, we must keep in mind that this new concept needs further study. Therefore, alternative proposals and methods for future research are proposed in the last section of this paper, in order to take a broad view of this subject.
Wisdom in the Wild: Generalization and Adaptive Dynamics
Authors: Choi Jaeho , Levinthal Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Learning from experience is a central mechanism underlying organizational capabilities. However, in examining how organizations learn from past experiences, much of the literature has focused on situations in which actors are facing a repeated event. We direct attention to a relatively underexamined question: when an organization experiences a largely idiosyncratic series of events, at what level of granularity should these events, and the associated actions and outcomes, be encoded? How does generalizing from experience impact the wisdom of future choices and what are the boundary conditions or factors that might mitigate the degree of desired generalization? To address these questions, we develop a computational model that incorporates how characteristics of opportunities (e.g., acquisition candidates, new investments, product development) might be encoded so that experiential learning is possible even when the organization’s experience is a series of unique events. Our results highlight the power of learning through generalization in a world of novelty as well as the features of the problem environment that reduce this “power.” Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1609 .
National surveillance of hookworm disease in China: A population study
Authors: Zhu Hui-Hui , Huang Ji-Lei , Chen Ying-Dan , Zhou Chang-Hai , Zhu Ting-Jun , Qian Men-Bao , Zhang Mi-Zhen , Li Shi-Zhu , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHookworm disease is endemic in China and is widespread globally. The disease burden to humans is great.MethodsThe study described the national surveillance of hookworm implemented in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (P/A/Ms) of China in 2019. Each P/A/M determined the number and location of surveillance spots (counties). A unified sampling method was employed, and at least 1000 subjects were investigated in each surveillance spot. The modified Kato-Katz thick smear method was employed for stool examination. Fifty samples positive with hookworm eggs were cultured in each surveillance spot to discriminate species betweenA.duodenaleandN.americanus. Twenty-five soil samples were collected from each surveillance spot and examined for hookworm larva. The 2019 surveillance results were analyzed and compared with that of 2016–2018.ResultsA total of 424766 subjects were investigated in 31 P/A/Ms of China in 2019, and the overall hookworm infection rate was 0.85% (3580/424766). The weighted infection and standard infection rates were 0.66% (4288357/648063870) and 0.67% (4343844/648063870), respectively. Sichuan province had the highest standard infection rate (4.75%) in 2019, followed by Chongqing (2.54%) and Hainan (2.44%). The standard infection rates of other P/A/Ms were all below 1%, with no hookworm detected in 15 P/A/Ms. The standard hookworm infection rate in the males and the females were 0.61% (2021216/330728900) and 0.71% (2267141/317334970), respectively, with a significant difference between different genders (χ2= 17.23,P<0.0001). The highest standard hookworm infection rate (1.97%) was among age ≥ 60 years, followed by 45~59 years (0.77%), 15~44 years (0.37%), and 7~14 years (0.20%). The lowest standard infection rate was among the 0~6 years age group (0.12%). A significant difference was observed among different age groups (χ2= 2 305.17,P<0.0001). The constitute ratio forN.americanus,A.duodenale, and coinfection was 78.70% (1341/1704), 2.03% (346/1704), and 1.00% (17/1704), respectively. The detection rate of hookworm larva from soil was 3.45% (71/2056).ConclusionThe national surveillance showed that the hookworm infection rate has been decreasing annually from 2016 to 2019, and it is now below 1%. China has made significant progress in controlling hookworm. The national surveillance system is an important way to understand the endemic status and provide important information in this process and thus needs to be continually optimized.
Construction of sublingual trilaminated Eszopiclone fast dissolving film for the treatment of Insomnia: Formulation, characterization and In vivo clinical comparative pharmacokinetic study in healthy human subjects
Authors: Teaima Mahmoud , Yasser Mohamed , Elfar Nehal , Shoueir Kamel , El-Nabarawi Mohamed , Helal Doaa 
Published: June 2022

Background
Disturbed sleep can cause to m health problems such as cognitive impairment, depressed mood, and negative effects on cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune function. This study formulates and optimizes Eszopiclone trilaminate fast dissolving film.

Methods
Prepared Eszopiclone trilaminate fast dissolving film (Eszopiclone TFDF) was characterized by disintegration time, drug release, tensile strength (TS), percentage elongation (EB%), folding endurance, taste masking test, and in vitro dissolution test. The selected formulas were F2 (0.5% xanthan gum, 10% propylene glycol), F4 (3% sodium alginate, 10% propylene glycol) and F6 (1.5% pullulan, 10% propylene glycol) were subjected to in vivo study compared to conventional Lunesta® tablet.

Results
The results indicated that disintegration time was in the range of 940 m. Drug release was found to be in the field of 78.51%–99.99%, while TS values and EB% differed from 11.12 to 25.74 (MPa) and 25.38%–36.43%, respectively. The folding endurance went between 200 and 300 times. All formulas exhibited acceptable uniformity content, surface pH, film thickness, and a good taste feeling.

Conclusion
F4 had the highest Cmax (39.741 ± 6.785-μg/l) and lower Tmax (1.063 hr) among other formulas and conventional tablets. Therefore, FDFs’ technology could increase the therapeutic effect of Eszopiclone.
Prospective associations between coffee consumption and psychological well-being
Authors: Qureshi Farah , Stampfer Meir , Kubzansky Laura D. , Trudel-Fitzgerald Claudia 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Prior work indicates a robust relationship between coffee consumption and lower depression risk, yet no research has examined links with psychological well-being (e.g., happiness, optimism). This study tested whether coffee intake is prospectively associated with greater psychological well-being over time. Secondarily, associations in the reverse direction were also examined to determine whether initial levels of psychological well-being were related to subsequent coffee consumption.

Methods
Among women in the Nurses’ Health Study, coffee consumption was examined in 1990 and 2002 in relation to sustained levels of happiness reported across multiple assessments from 1992–2000 (N = 44,449) and sustained levels of optimism assessed from 2004–2012 (N = 36,729). Associations were tested using generalized estimating equations with a Poisson distribution adjusted for various relevant covariates. Bidirectional relationships were evaluated in secondary analyses of baseline happiness (1992) and optimism (2004) with sustained moderate coffee consumption across multiple assessments through 2010.

Results
Compared to minimal coffee consumption levels (<1 cup/day), moderate consumption (1–3 cups/day) was unrelated to happiness, whereas heavy consumption (≥4 cups/day) was associated with a 3% lower likelihood of sustained happiness (relative risk, RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95–0.99). Only moderate coffee consumption was weakly associated with a greater likelihood of sustained optimism (RR1-3cups/day = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00–1.06). Secondary analyses showed high levels of optimism but not happiness levels were modestly associated with increased likelihood of sustained moderate coffee intake (RRoptimism = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.10; RRhappiness = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99–1.04).

Conclusions
Associations between psychological well-being and coffee consumption over up to two decades were largely null or weak. Although coffee consumption may protect individuals against depression over time, it may have limited impact on facets of psychological well-being.
Improved implementation of aspirin in pregnancy among Dutch gynecologists: Surveys in 2016 and 2021
Authors: bij de Weg Jeske Milou , Visser Laura , Oudijk Martijn Alexander , de Vries Johanna Inge Petra , de Groot Christianne Johanna Maria , de Boer Marjon Alina 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the implementation of low-dose aspirin in pregnancy for the prevention of utero-placental complications among gynecologists in the Netherlands between 2016 and 2021. In this timeframe, a national guideline about aspirin in pregnancy was introduced by the Dutch Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.Materials and methodsA national online survey among Dutch gynecologists and residents was performed. An online questionnaire was distributed among the members of the Dutch Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology in April 2016 and April 2021. Main outcome measure was the proportion of gynecologists indicating prescription of aspirin in pregnancy for high and moderate risk indications.ResultsIn 2016, 133 respondents completed the survey, and in 2021 231. For all indications mentioned in the guideline there was an increase in prescribing aspirin in 2021 in comparison to 2016. More specifically, the percentage of gynecologists prescribing aspirin for a history of preeclampsia before 34 weeks, between 34 and 37 weeks and at term increased from respectively 94% to 100%, 39% to 98%, and 15% to 97%. Consultant obstetricians and respondents working in an university hospital did not more often indicate the prescription of aspirin for tertiary care indications in 2021. Future use of a prediction model was suggested in the narrative comments.ConclusionImplementation of aspirin in pregnancy among Dutch gynecologists substantially improved after a five year timeframe in which the national guideline on aspirin during pregnancy was introduced and trials confirming the effect of aspirin were published.
Improving outcomes for care partners of persons with traumatic brain injury: Protocol for a randomized control trial of a just-in-time-adaptive self-management intervention
Authors: Carlozzi Noelle E. , Sander Angelle M. , Choi Sung Won , Wu Zhenke , Miner Jennifer A. , Lyden Angela K. , Graves Christopher , Sen Srijan 
Published: June 2022

Informal family care partners of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience intense stress resulting from their caregiver role. As such, there is a need for low burden, and easy to engage in interventions to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for these care partners. This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) aimed at improving the HRQOL of care partners. Participants are randomized either to a control group, where they wear the Fitbit® and provide daily reports of HRQOL over a six-month (180 day) period (without the personalized feedback), or the JITAI group, where they wear the Fitbit®, provide daily reports of HRQOL and receive personalized self-management pushes for 6 months. 240 participants will be enrolled (n = 120 control group; n = 120 JITAI group). Outcomes are collected at baseline, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- & 6-months, as well as 3- and 6-months post intervention. We hypothesize that the care partners who receive the intervention (JITAI group) will show improvements in caregiver strain (primary outcome) and mental health (depression and anxiety) after the 6-month (180 day) home monitoring period. Participant recruitment for this study started in November 2020. Data collection efforts should be completed by spring 2025; results are expected by winter 2025. At the conclusion of this randomized control trial, we will be able to identify care partners at greatest risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes, and will have demonstrated the efficacy of this JITAI intervention to improve HRQOL for these care partners.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov NCT04570930; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04570930.