bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authenticity-Based Connections as Organizational Constraints and the Paradox of Authenticity in the Market for Cuban Cigars
Authors: Verhaal J. Cameron , Hahl Oliver , Fandl Kevin J. 
Published: March 2022

We explore the organizational consequences that different authenticity claims carry for products and the firms that produce them. To do so, we build on the notion of an authenticity paradox—the idea that seeking to capture demand that is created by perceived authenticity can undermine the very authenticity that generated the demand in the first place. Using an experimental approach, we argue and show that provenance-based claims of authenticity (e.g., location of origin) constrain a firm spaciotemporally, limiting their ability to expand production in ways that might be economically rational but would undermine this authenticity claim. We further show there is no penalty (or there is a reduced penalty) when the claim is not explicitly spaciotemporal, and is instead based on an association to an iconic individual broadly connected to that place. We show how these types of connections help firms respond to the authenticity paradox by allowing them more freedom to expand production to meet the increased demand without undermining the original claims to authenticity. As a result, this paper’s key contribution is in moving beyond explaining how perceived authenticity benefits organizations and instead, explores how different claims to authenticity can constrain a firm’s ability to capture the value that it has created from authenticity. History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1574 .
Factors contributing to maternal health inequalities for women who are not white British in the UK
Authors: Crowe Rachel 
Published: March 2022

Background Women of non-white British ethnicity have a higher maternal mortality risk for reasons not yet fully understood, and report significant concerns about stereotypes, racism and overall dissatisfaction in care. This study aimed to examine what midwives perceive to be contributing factors to ethnic disparity in maternity care. Methods A systematic search of the literature was conducted to find contemporaneous, relevant studies which were appraised for inclusion and quality. Four qualitative studies were included. Results Midwives spoke about practical, cultural and logistical concerns that contribute to health inequalities; none mentioned racism. Three themes emerged: relationship barriers, logistical barriers and a sense of us vs them. Three areas of us vs them were explored: ‘incongruent expectations’, ‘structural racism, stereotypes and implicit bias’ and ‘culture vs professional accountability’. Conclusions Further research into the impact of implicit bias is needed to adequately address health inequalities for non-white British women. A national strategy could be used to set expectations for women accessing UK maternity services early in pregnancy. Midwives need to be empowered and supported to thoroughly document women's choices so that their professional responsibilities are met.
ESTRESSE EM PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Amaral Garcia Luciana , Ferreira Holanda Ramos Maély , Cunha da Silva Jamille Gabriela 
Published: March 2022

Apesar dos significativos avanços em prol da qualidade no ensino da Educação Infantil, as condições de trabalho e saúde do docente estão sendo negligenciadas. O objetivo da pesquisa foi levantar dados a respeito da produção acadêmica sobre Estresse e Professores de Educação Infantil entre os anos de 2008 e 2018. A pesquisa é bibliométrica e possui abordagem quanti-qualitativa, utilizando da técnica de revisão da literatura e da análise de redes de coautoria e conexões entre termos-chave. Os resultados revelaram que há um grupo de pesquisadores que se relaciona e publica sobre a referida temática e estabelece tímidas relações com outros grupos de pesquisadores. A rede de palavras-chave aponta que o descritor “educação infantil” exerce e recebe influência de grupos de igual e diferentes áreas. Considera-se relevante que a temática tenha pesquisas mais aprofundadas, por meio de novas parcerias entre pesquisadores, e a expansão das conexões com outras áreas da ciência.
Ring core few-mode fiber sensor for curvature measurement
Authors: Zhang Fan , Su Baijin , Zhong Lixi , Qi Beibei , Xu Ou , Qin Yuwen 
Published: March 2022

An all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) using ring core few-mode fiber (RC-FMF) for curvature sensing is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The MZI was fabricated by splicing a segment of RC-FMF between two pieces of single-mode fiber (SMF). With the benefit of a RC of the central axis of the RC-FMF, the sensor is more sensitive to curvature compared to other fiber sensors based on ordinary SMF or FMF. Curvature measurement can be achieved by monitoring the wavelength shift of interference dips. Experimental results have shown that the sensitivity of curvature sensing can reach up to

−

4.370

n
m

/

m

−
1

, within the range of

1.199

−

1.549

m

−
1

. Also, the temperature sensing characteristics of the sensor are measured, and the maximum temperature sensitivity is 57.6 pm/°C, ranging from 25°C to 45°C. The proposed MZI sensor has excellent potential for curvature measurement of building structural health monitoring, bridge engineering, and more.
Simultaneous generation of a broadband MIR and NIR frequency comb in a GaP microring
Authors: Wang Yi , Shi Lei , Wu Wei , Ming Xianshun , Sun Qibing , Wang Leiran , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2022

Midinfrared (MIR) optical frequency combs are of great significance as broadband coherent light sources used in extensive areas such as coherent communications and molecule detections. Conventional MIR combs are usually restricted in size and power, while most microcombs are focused in the near-infrared (NIR) region because of the limited accessible

Q

-factor of microrings and the poor performances of available pumps. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate the simultaneous generation of a broadband MIR and NIR comb in a GaP microring with an additive waveguide. The achieved octave-spanning (1890–4050 nm) MIR microcomb at a low pump power of 34 mW can be effectively converted to the second-harmonic NIR comb covering 1120–1520 nm with separate dispersion optimization of the ring cavity and straight waveguide. The proposed system has the advantage of simple structure and low power threshold, which could find potential in highly integrated MIR optical sources and related applications.
Disaggregation and cloudification of metropolitan area networks: enabling technologies and impact on architecture, cost, and power consumption [Invited]
Authors: Quagliotti Marco , Serra Laura , Pagano Annachiara , Groumas Panos , Bakopoulos Paraskevas , Avramopoulos Hercules 
Published: March 2022

The deployment of the new 5G system and ultra-broadband access networks, on one side, and the advent of network disaggregation and cloudification paradigms, on the other, are producing disruptive changes in metropolitan area networks (MANs). The new central offices will be more like small data centers than traditional Telco-type central offices. The presence of general-purpose servers, in partial or total replacement of specialized equipment or cards, and also hosting new functions and services, significantly changes the way the central office is organized and how the equipment internetworks. After having defined a reference architecture named cloudified-MAN, the paper briefly introduces the enabling technologies that include information technology (IT) systems, packet switches, and optical equipment. A disaggregated model is applied to all layers and systems. In the optics field, special insight on high data rate (up to 1.6 Tb/s) transceiver technology developed by the TERIPHIC project is provided as an example of low-cost and low-power technology. Through a quantitative techno-economic case study on a realistic network scenario aimed at short-term and medium-term time horizons, the paper provides indications on what could be the impact of the new architecture on costs and energy consumption. The main outcome of the study is that the IT and optical parts are those with the highest fractions of overall cost, and specifically for the optics, the cost of wavelength division multiplexing transceivers increases significantly in the medium term due to the demand for high-capacity connections (

>

400

G
b

/

s

), while the line system cost (reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer) decreases in percentage. Another significant result is that in terms of energy consumption, the IT component has been found to be the dominant one (70%–75% of the total), followed by packet devices (about 20%–25%) and optical systems, the latter with significantly lower percentage values (less than 5%) in all cases analyzed.
Whole-genome sequencing for the characterization of resistance mechanisms and epidemiology of colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Hahm Chorong , Chung Hae-Sun , Lee Miae 
Published: March 2022

Background
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is an important causal pathogen of healthcare-associated infections, and colistin-resistant strains have recently emerged owing to the increased use of colistin. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), a single whole-genome sequencing (WGS) protocol can identify and type pathogens, analyze genetic relationships among different pathogens, predict pathogenic transmissions, and detect antibiotic resistance genes. However, only a few studies have applied NGS in studying the resistance mechanism and epidemiology of colistin-resistant A. baumannii. This study aimed to elucidate the resistance mechanism of colistin-resistant A. baumannii and analyze its molecular epidemiology through WGS.

Materials and methods
The subjects in this study were patients who visited a university hospital between 2014 and 2018. Thirty colistin-resistant strains with high minimum inhibitory concentrations were selected from various patient samples, and WGS was performed. Comparative genomic analysis was performed for the 27 colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains using a colistin-susceptible strain as the reference genome.

Results
The WGS analysis found no mutation for lpxA, lpxC, lpx D, pmrA, pmrB, and mcr1, the genes known to be associated with colistin resistance. Fifty-seven coding sequences (CDS) showed differences; they included 13 CDS with known names and functions that contained 21 genes. From the whole-genome multi-locus sequence typing (wgMLST) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses, two major clusters were found for the colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains. However, no differences were observed by the time of detection for each cluster, the samples, the pattern of antibiotic resistance, or the patient characteristics. In the conventional MLST following the Oxford scheme, the typing result showed ST1809, ST451, ST191, ST1837, and ST369 in the global clone 2 (GC2), without any relation with the results of wgMLST and SNP analyses.

Conclusion
Based on the findings of the resistance gene analysis through WGS and comparative genomic analysis, the potential genes associated with colistin-resistance or CDS were examined. Furthermore, the analysis of molecular epidemiology through WGS regarding colistin-resistant A. baumannii may prove helpful in preventing infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria and controlling healthcare-associated infections.
Thyroid dysfunction in Greece: Results from the national health examination survey EMENO
Authors: Voulgari Paraskevi V. , Venetsanopoulou Aliki I. , Kalpourtzi Natasa , Gavana Magda , Vantarakis Apostolos , Hadjichristodoulou Christos , Chlouverakis Grigoris , Trypsianis Grigoris , Alamanos Yannis , Touloumi Giota ,   on behalf of the EMENO study group
Published: March 2022

Background
Nationwide data on thyroid disease prevalence in Greece is lacking. Using the national health examination survey EMENO data resources, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and associated risk factors in adults living in Greece.

Methods
A random sample of the adults (≥18 years) living in Greece was drawn by multi-stage stratified random sampling based on the 2011 census. During home visits, trained interviewers administered a standardized questionnaire to study participants. All participants answered questions concerning demographic parameters (e.g., age, sex, degree of urbanization, income) and questions concerning smoking habits, alcohol, dietary habits and psychological parameters such as anxiety and thyroid disease. Weighted logistic regression models were fitted to assess factors associated with thyroid disease.

Results
In total, 6006 individuals were recruited in the Greek Health Examination Survey EMENO (response rate 72%) of whom 5981 were eligible for this study. The prevalence of thyroid disease was 9%, where 0.4% was related to hyperthyroidism and 8.6% to hypothyroidism. The prevalence of thyroid disease was higher in women (14.9%) than men (2.7%) (p<0.001). The highest rates of thyroid disease were observed in former iodine-deficient areas. A decrease in the prevalence of thyroidopathies with increasing alcohol consumption was found. Thyroid disease was associated with anxiety in men. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, geographic area, and smoking were related to thyroid disease.

Conclusion
The prevalence of thyroid disease in Greece is higher in women. Age, habits, and characteristics of geographic areas determine the distribution of thyroidopathies in Greece.
Investigational medicinal products, related costs and hospital pharmacy services for investigator-initiated trials: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Taji Heravi Ala , Henn Anne , Deuster Stefanie , McLennan Stuart , Gloy Viktoria , Mitter Vera Ruth , Briel Matthias ,   for the MAking Randomized Trials Affordable (MARTA) Group
Published: March 2022

Background
Conducting high quality investigator-initiated trials (IITs) is challenging and costly. The costs of investigational medicinal products (IMPs) in IITs and the role of hospital pharmacies in the planning of IITs are unclear. We conducted a mixed-methods study to compare planned and actual costs of IMPs in Swiss IITs, to examine potential reasons for differences, and to gather stakeholder views about hospital services for IITs.

Methods
We included all IITs with IMP services from the Basel hospital pharmacy invoiced between January 2014 and June 2020 (n = 24). We documented trial and IMP characteristics including planned and actual IMP costs. Our working definition for a substantial cost difference was that the actual IMP costs were more than 10% higher than the planned IMP costs in a trial. We conducted semi-structured interviews with investigators, clinical trials unit and hospital pharmacy staff, and qualitatively analyzed transcribed interviews.

Results
For 13 IITs we observed no differences between planned and actual costs of IMPs (median, 11’000 US$; interquartile range [IQR], 8’882–16’302 US$), but for 11 IITs we found cost increases from a median of 11’000 US$ (IQR, 8’922–36’166 US$) to a median over 28’000 US$ (IQR, 13’004–49’777 US$). All multicenter trials and 10 of 11 IITs with patients experienced substantial cost differences. From the interviews we identified four main themes: 1) Patient recruitment and organizational problems were identified as main reasons for cost differences, 2) higher actual IMP costs were bearable for most investigators, 3) IMP services for IITs were not a priority for the hospital pharmacy, and 4) closer collaboration between clinical trial unit and hospital pharmacy staff, and sufficient staff for IITs at the hospital pharmacy could improve IMP services.

Conclusions
Multicenter IITs enrolling patients are particularly at risk for higher IMP costs than planned. These trials are more difficult to plan and logistically challenging, which leads to delays and expiring IMP shelf-lives. IMP services of hospital pharmacies are important for IITs in Switzerland, but need to be further developed.
Drug delivery from a solid formulation during breastfeeding—A feasibility study with mothers and infants
Authors: Maier Theresa , Peirce Paula , Baird Laura , Whitehouse Sophie L. , Slater Nigel K. H. , Beardsall Kathryn 
Published: March 2022

Background
Breastfeeding is critical to health outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings where there is little access to clean water. For infants in their first twelve months of life, the delivery of medications is challenging, and use of oral syringes to deliver liquid formulations can pose both practical and emotional challenges.

Objective
To explore the potential to deliver medicine to infants via a solid formulation during breastfeeding.

Methods
Single center feasibility study within a tertiary level neonatal unit in the UK, involving twenty-six breastfeeding mother-infant dyads. A solid formulation of Vitamin B12 was delivered to infants during breastfeeding. Outcomes included the quantitative change in serum vitamin B12 and assessment of maternal expectations and experiences.

Results
Delivery of Vitamin B12 through a solid formulation that dissolved in human milk did not impair breastfeeding, and Vitamin B12 levels rose in all infants from a mean baseline (range) 533 pg/mL (236–925 pg/mL) to 1871 pg/mL (610–4981 pg/mL) at 6–8 hours post-delivery. Mothers described the surprising ease of ‘drug’ delivery, with 85% reporting a preference over the use of syringes.

Conclusions
Solid drug formulations can be delivered during breastfeeding and were preferred by mothers over the delivery of liquid formulations via a syringe.
The magnitude of neonatal asphyxia and its associated factors among newborns in public hospitals of North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Admasu Fitalew Tadele , Melese Biruk Demssie , Amare Tadeg Jemere , Zewude Edget Abebe , Denku Chalachew Yenew , Dejenie Tadesse Asmamaw 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Birth asphyxia is a prominent and avoidable cause of infant illness and death worldwide, particularly in underdeveloped countries such as Ethiopia. Early identification and control of the underlying contributory factors would help to alleviate the situation. As a result, the goal of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of neonatal asphyxia among live newborns at the northern Gondar public Hospitals in northwest Ethiopia.

Materials and methods
From April 1 to May 2, 2020, 357 newborns were studied in an institution-based cross-sectional study. The sample size was proportionally distributed among three public hospitals, namely Gondar referral teaching hospital, Debark general hospital, and Kola-Diba District Hospital, which was chosen at random. The number of deliveries given at each hospital six months prior to the data collecting period was used to allocate the hospitals. To get all participants, a systematic random sampling approach was adopted based on hospital delivery registration. The physicians’ evaluation of an APGAR score of 7 in the first and fifth minutes of birth was used as the confirmation of birth asphyxia. Data was collected using a standardized and pretested questionnaire. Variables having p-values less than 0.25 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis in the bivariable analysis. At a p-value of 0.05, a statistically significant level was reported.

Results
As per the study, the total prevalence of neonatal asphyxia was found to be 27.1 (95% CI: 21.4, 32.7). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, neonates born to rural mothers (AOR = 2.441, 95% CI: 1.137, 5.241), primiparity (AOR = 5.521 95%CI: 1.691, 8.026), premature rupture of membrane, (AOR = 3.202, 95% CI: 1.484, 6.909) and low birth weight (< 2.5kg) (AOR = 3.706, 95%CI: 3.307, 4.152) were all found to be independent predictors of birth asphyxia.

Conclusion
This study identified that rural residence, primiparity, premature rupture of membrane, and birth weight were found to be the independent predictors of birth asphyxia. The majority of variables that cause birth asphyxia can be controlled.
Risk factors for depression and anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Yupeng , Zhang Kui , Huang Mengxue , Qiu Changjian 
Published: March 2022

Background
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in pregnant women has significantly increased after the spread of COVID-19 throughout the world. We carried out this meta-analysis to reveal the information about risk factors for depression and anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We searched the PubMed, Embase and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases for all articles. The odds ratio (OR) corresponding to the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to assess the risk factors for mental health. The statistical heterogeneity among studies was assessed with the Q-test and I2 statistics.

Results
We collected 17 studies including 15,050 pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results found that factors including decrease in the perception of general support and difficulties in household finances have damage effects on anxiety, and factors including undereducated, unemployed during pregnancy, with a chronic physical illness before pregnancy, decrease in the perception of general support, difficulties in household finances, disobey the isolation rules, and smoking during pregnancy have increased risk of depression.

Conclusion
Our meta-analysis revealed some risk factors for mental health in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health interventions in pregnant women may involve targeted methods individually.
Getting Antitrust and History in Tune
Authors: Cheffins Brian R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAntitrust is high on the reform agenda at present, associated with calls to “break up big tech.” Proponents of reform have invoked history with regularity in making their case. They say reform is essential to reverse the baleful influence of the Chicago School of antitrust, which, in their telling, disastrously and abruptly ended in the 1980s a “golden” era of beneficially lively antitrust enforcement. In fact, antitrust enforcement was, at best, uneven, from the early 20th century through to the end of the 1970s. As for the antitrust “counter-revolution” of the late 20th century, this was fostered as much by fears of foreign competition and skepticism of government regulation as Chicago School theorizing. The pattern helped to ensure that the counter-revolution was largely sustained through the opening decades of the 21st century. This article, in addition to getting antitrust and history in tune by drawing attention to the foregoing points, provides insights regarding antitrust’s future direction.