bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Damage of Underwater Shock Waves at Multiple Explosion Points to Ships
Authors: Duan Conghui , Yin Jianping , Wang Zhijun , Hao Zhiwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to study the impact of shallow water explosion shock wave on the ship damage and the overpressure distribution law under different burst points and different explosive quantity and charge, the TNT column bare charge is selected, based on LS-DYNA finite element software, the underwater explosion model is created, and the numerical simulation study of underwater explosion under different burst points is carried out, and the correctness of the finite element model is verified by comparing with the empirical formula. The results show that: the numerical simulation of the underwater explosion shock wave results affected by the mesh size, the use of explosive diameter of 1/10 ~ 1/5 of the mesh size can be more accurate simulation results; the use of torpedo scattering mode of operation, the bottom of the middle part of the ship after hitting the damage effect is much greater than when not hit, hit the ship and the head and stern side of one of the best damage effect; only hit the stern sides of the case when, 100kg of explosives can do the same or better than 200kg of explosives damage effect, can save part of the resources. It can provide some reference for the study of shallow water explosion damage to ships and torpedo dispersal operations.
CTAB-assisted fabrication of Zn-doped TiO 2 with improved dielectric performance and electrical response for energy storage and photocatalytic activity
Authors: Dhaou Mariem , Elaloui Elimame 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The synthesis of undoped and Zn-doped TiO2 prepared by the Stöber modified sol-gel technique and characterized for their microstructural, compositional, optical and electrical properties. XRD patterns have shown the existence of a single anatase crystalline phase. Grain sizes calculated by the Rietveld method were obtained with a decrease of 28 to 12 nm do to the incorporation of both CTAB and Zn content doping. An optical study shows a red shift with a band gap narrowing (from 3.2 to 3.1 eV) attributed to the formation of defects in the host lattice. The Raman spectra showed both broadening and shifting of the TiO2 bands with decreasing particle size. The electric and dielectric spectra have been successfully studied in the frequency range of 40 Hz to 1 MHz between 500 K to 600 K. With the rising temperature, the dc conductivity values remain close to 10− 8 S/cm, and the activation energies rise from 0.37 to 1.2 eV, respectively. The ac conductivity follows the Jonscher power law, which depends obviously on the Zn amount. Nyquist plots were fitted to a parallel combination of a resistance and constant phase (CPE) circuit. These results strongly suggest that the oxygen vacancies play a pivotal role and these oxides are potential candidate for photocatalysis device applications.
In vitro studies of titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified with glutathione as a potential drug delivery system
Authors: Pulit-Prociak Jolanta , Długosz Olga , Staroń Anita , Radomski Piotr , Domagała Dominik , Banach Marcin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the development of medicine is inextricably linked with the use of new products, often with unique features. Nanotechnology deals with the creation of materials with specific properties in order to meet the requirements. This paper addresses issues related to the use of nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers, with a particular focus on titanium dioxide nanoparticles. To reduce the release of harmful titanium ions from the carrier surface, the materials were modified. In the first stage of research work, TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method. Their surface was coated with an organic substance, i.e. glutathione. The properties of the obtained materials were then investigated, including particle size, specific surface area and microscopic morphology. In the next stage of the study, the amount of titanium ions released from the modified carriers was determined. For this purpose, leaching of nanoparticle samples in deionized water environment was performed. Another stage included the assessment of an active substance releasing froth the prepared materials loaded with tadalafil. In vitro studies were also performed. Cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of the obtained materials in relation to CHO cells were investigated. The results obtained confirmed a decrease in the amount of titanium ions released in comparison to the reference material in which no modifier was used. In addition, the obtained materials show satisfactory purity and surface morphology allowing the formation of carrier-drug interfaces. The results of in vitro studies let us to claim that the prepared modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles have a great potential for being applied as drug carrier.
Assessment of Artemisinin Tolerance in Plasmodium Falciparum Field Isolates in Children with Uncomplicated Malaria in a Ghanaian Population
Authors: Ahorhorlu Samuel Yao , Quashie Neils Ben , Jensen Rasmus Weisel , Kudzi William , Nartey Edmund Tetteh , Duah-Quashie Nancy Odurowah , Zoiku Felix , Dzudzor Bartholomew , Wang Christian William , Hansson Helle , Alifrangis Michael , Adjei George Obeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the first-line treatments for uncomplicated malaria in Ghana. Artemisinin (ART) tolerance in Plasmodium falciparum has arisen in Southeast Asia (SEA) and recently, in parts of East Africa. This is ascribed to the survival of ring-stage parasites post treatment. We sought to assess and characterize correlates of potential ART tolerance based on post-treatment parasite clearance, ex vivo and in vitro drug vulnerability, and molecular markers of drug resistance in P. falciparum isolates from children with uncomplicated malaria in Ghana.
Methods
Six months to fourteen years old children having uncomplicated malaria (n = 115) were enrolled from two hospitals and a health center in Ghana’s Greater Accra region and treated with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) according to body weight. Pre- and post-treatment parasitemia (day 0 and day 3) was confirmed by microscopy. The ex vivo ring-stage survival assay (RSA) was used to detect percent ring survival while the 72 hr SYBR Green 1 assay was used to measure the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50s) of ART and its derivatives and partner drugs. Genetic markers of drug tolerance /resistance were evaluated using selective whole genome sequencing.
Results
Of the total of 115 participants, 85 were successfully followed up on day 3 post-treatment and had 2/85 (2.4%) parasitemia. The IC50 values of ART, artesunate (AS), artemether (AM), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), amodiaquine (AQ), and lumefantrine (LUM) were not indicative of drug tolerance. However, 7/90 (7.8%) pre-treatment isolates had > 10% ring survival rates against DHA. Of the four isolates (2 RSA positive and 2 RSA negative) with high genomic coverage, P. falciparum kelch 13 K188* and Pfcoronin V424I mutations were only present in the two RSA positive isolates with > 10% ring survival rates.
Conclusions
The observed low proportion of participants with post-treatment parasitemia suggests AL remains efficacious. However, the increased rates of survival observed in the ex vivo RSA against DHA, maybe a pointer of an early start of ART tolerance. Furthermore, the role of two novel mutations in PfK13 and Pfcoronin genes, harbored by the two RSA positive isolates that had high ring survival in our study, remains to be elucidated.
Insights into the circulating microbiome of the Atlantic and Greenland halibut populations: the role of species-specific and environmental factors
Authors: Fronton Fanny , Ferchiou Sophia , Caza France , Villemur Richard , Robert Dominique , St-Pierre Yves 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The establishment of long-term microbiome-based monitoring programs is critical for the management and conservation of wild fish populations in response to climate change. In most cases, these studies have been conducted on gut and, to a lesser extent, skin (mucus) microbiomes. Here, we exploited the concept of liquid biopsy to study the circulating bacterial microbiome of two Northern halibut species of economic and ecological importance. Amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was achieved using a single drop of blood fixed on FTA™ cards to identify the core blood microbiome of Atlantic and Greenland halibut populations inhabiting the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. We provide evidence that the circulating microbiome DNA (cmDNA) is driven by both species-specific and environmental factors. More specifically, we found that the circulating microbiome signatures are species specific and vary according to sex, size, temperature, condition factor, and geographical localization. Overall, our study provides a novel approach for the detection of dysbiotic signatures and the risk of disease in wild fish populations for fisheries management, most notably in the context of climate change.
Characterization of the bacterial microbiome of Swedish ticks through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of whole ticks and of individual tick organs
Authors: Grandi Giulio , Chiappa Giulia , Ullman Karin , Lindgren Per-Eric , Olivieri Emanuela , Sassera Davide , Östlund Emma , Omazic Anna , Perissinotto Debora , Söderlund Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The composition of the microbial flora associated with ixodid ticks has been studied in several species, revealing the importance of geographical origin, developmental stage(s) and feeding status of the tick, as well as substantial differences between tissues and organs. Studying the microbiome in the correct context and scale is therefore necessary for understanding the interactions between tick-borne pathogens and other microorganisms as well as other aspects of tick biology.
Methods
In the present study the microbial flora of whole Ixodes ricinus, I. persulcatus and I. trianguliceps ticks were analyzed with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Additionally, tick organs (midguts, Malpighian tubules, ovaries, salivary glands) from flat and engorged I. ricinus female ticks were examined with the same methodology.
Results
The most abundant bacteria belonged to the group of Proteobacteria (Cand.Midichloria mitochondrii and Cand.Lariskella). 16S amplicon sequencing of dissected tick organs provided more information on the diversity of I. ricinus-associated microbial flora, especially when organs were collected from engorged ticks. Bacterial genera significantly associated with tick feeding status as well as genera associated with the presence of tick-borne pathogens were identified.
Conclusions
These results contribute to the knowledge of microbial flora associated with ixodid ticks in their northernmost distribution limit in Europe and opens new perspectives for other investigations on the function of these bacteria, including those using other approaches like in vitro cultivation and in vitro models.
Genome-wide mapping of gene-microbe interactions in the murine lung microbiota based on quantitative microbial profiling
Authors: Chung Cecilia J. , Hermes Britt M. , Gupta Yask , Ibrahim Saleh , Belheouane Meriem , Baines John F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Mammalian lungs comprise a complex microbial ecosystem that interacts with host physiology. Previous research demonstrates that the environment significantly contributes to bacterial community structure in the upper and lower respiratory tract. However, the influence of host genetics on the makeup of lung microbiota remains ambiguous, largely due to technical difficulties related to sampling, as well as challenges inherent to investigating low biomass communities. Thus, innovative approaches are warranted to clarify host-microbe interactions in the mammalian lung.Results: Here, we aimed to characterize host genomic regions associated with lung bacterial traits in an advanced intercross mouse line (AIL). By performing quantitative microbial profiling (QMP) using the highly precise method of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), we refined 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based traits to identify and map candidate lung-resident taxa using a QTL mapping approach. In addition, the two abundant core taxaLactobacillusandPelomonaswere chosen for independent microbial phenotyping using genus-specific primers. In total, this revealed seven significant loci involving eight bacterial traits. The narrow confidence intervals afforded by the AIL population allowed us to identify several promising candidate genes related to immune and inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, DNA repair, and lung functioning and disease susceptibility. Interestingly, one genomic region associated withLactobacillusabundance contains the well-known anti-inflammatory cytokineIl10, which we confirmed through the analysis ofIl10knockout mice.Conclusions: Our study provides the first evidence for a role of host genetic variation contributing to variation in the lung microbiota. This was in large part made possible through the careful curation of 16S rRNA gene amplicon data and the incorporation of a QMP-based methods. This approach to evaluating the low biomass lung environment opens new avenues for advancing lung microbiome research using animal models.
Introduction of a PRRSV-1 strain of increased virulence in a pig production structure in Spain: virus evolution and impact on production
Authors: Martín-Valls Gerard E. , Cortey Martí , Allepuz Alberto , Illas Francesc , Tello Montserrat , Mateu Enric 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background A strainof Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), showing characteristics of enhanced virulence, affected a pyramidal production system from Spain with 7,600 sows in 4 genetic nuclei and 13,000 sows in multipliers. Different PRRSV strains circulating in this production system from December 2020 to October 2021 were detected and sequenced. The spread of each isolate was examined and their impact on health and production in three of the affected farms was evaluated. Results The newly emerged PRRSV isolate with enhanced virulence entered the system before the onset of the study (January 2020) and afterwards four significantly different clades were detected during the study period in different farms, probably because of independent introduction events. The diversification of the enhanced virulence strain was higher for those clades (substitution rates up to 1.1% nucleotides/year) compared to other PRRSV strains present in the production system (up to 0.17%), suggesting a faster spread and adaptation. The impact of the infection in the first affected farm was dramatic, with an average abortion rate above 27% during 17 weeks before returning to the baseline production. Fertile sow mortality reached 6.5% for 39 weeks. In two farms infected later by other clades of this enhanced virulence strain, the impact was less acute; despite for parameters such as the proportion of stillbirths or mummies, more than 10 months were needed to recover pre-outbreak values. In the examined nurseries, mortalities reached peaks between 28% and 50% and several months were needed to return to normality. Conclusion Introduction of a PRRSV strain of enhanced virulence in a production system where several farms were previously positive for other PRRSV strains, resulted in a fast spread like that observed in naïve farms. The productive and health impact was very high needing several months to return to normality.
A study on the Water quality and the change detection of aquatic vegetation of Satajaan beel, North Lakhimpur, Assam
Authors: Bhuyan Jintu Moni , Sharma Pallavi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Water quality assessment is one of the important processes to understand the environmental status of the wetland. The study is carried out to analysis of the water quality and change detection of aquatic vegetation in Satajaan Wetland, situated in Lakhimpur, Assam in the floodplain of Ranganadi river. 10 water sample has been collected from the selected samples station through random sampling method to understand the quality of water. For the study we have assessed Physical parameters like temperature, pH, Electric Conductivity, Total dissolved solid and chemical parameters such as Salinity, alkalinity, CO2, Dissolved oxygen, Cl-, Total Hardness, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42-, NO3-, F-, PO43 etc. For the statistical analysis of the water parameter, we have done Correlation coefficient analysis, PCA and HCA. WQI of the study area has been also observed by using weighted arithmetic method. Along with the water quality parameter we also try to analysis the change of area of aquatic vegetation in the study area using NDVI. From the NDVI calculation it has been observed that the area of the aquatic vegetation in the study area has been decreaded year by year. The rate of degradtion of aquatic vegetation in the study area is calculated 2.84 acer or 7.84%.
Molecular Analysis of ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A Cytokine Relationship in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Buran Tahir , Batır Muhammet Burak , ÇAM Fethi Sırrı , Kasap Elmas , Çöllü Fatih , Çelebi Hamide Betül Gerik , Şahin Mustafa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that develops due to the impaired immune response in genetically susceptible individuals, and its etiopathogenesis is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between interleukin 17 (IL-17A) cytokine, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, and the inflammation-controlled matrix enzymes thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-1, -4, and -5 protein members.
Methods: Bowel tissue samples and blood serum from 51 patients with UC and 51 healthy controls were included in this study. mRNA expression levels of the ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A were analyzed by RT-PCR, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A proteins in tissue samples. In addition, ELISA analysis determined serum levels of the ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A.
Results: RT-qPCR results reveal that the expression of ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A genes in the UC tissue samples were significantly high according to the control tissue samples. Also, ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A proteins revealed enhanced expression pattern UC groups according to the control. Also, ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and IL-17A protein showed cytoplasmic localization patterns in both control and UC groups. The serum levels of ADAMTS-1,-5, and IL-17A were significantly higher in UC samples than in the control group.
Conclusions: We observed a positive correlation between the ADAMTS-1, -5 and IL17A cytokine expression in UC samples. These results provide a new understanding of controlling crucial ADAMTS family protein members by IL-17A cytokines with UC.
WITHDRAWN: Non-interference patterns evolving to interference patterns in double slit experiments and in cross double slit experiments
Authors: Peng Hui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Young’s double slit experiment revived the wave theory of the light. The standard interpretation is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Feynman called the double slit experiment the only mystery in quantum mechanics. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed and utilized to study the behavior of photons near the detecting screen. The experiments show that the light, near the screen, behaves as photons propagating along the straight-line trajectories, and the trajectories distribute as waves. In this article, we utilize two new methods to study experimentally the patterns near the diaphragm of the double slit/cross double slit. The experiments show that, the first time, within certain macroscopic distance from the diaphragm, (1) the pattern is non-interference and thus, the light behaves as photons and produces the “particle pattern” near the double slit; and (2) both the shape and nature of the patterns are distance-dependent; when the distance increases, the non-interference pattern gradually evolves to the interference pattern. The experiments: (1) provide novel phenomena/data for further theoretical development of the optics and for understanding the nature of the light; and (2) show the Feynman’s mystery with different aspect.
Influence of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor on the cytological picture of the wound in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues on the background of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Okhunov A.O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
. Purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus proceeds quite aggressively and, according to the standards, characteristic of acute infections of soft tissues without diabetes mellitus, can inconsistently affect the fate of patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to study the features of the cytological picture of wounds in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues on the background of diabetes mellitus after the use of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor.
Methods
. In 132 patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues on the background of diabetes mellitus, cytological studies of the wound were performed. The background materials of the cytological preparation were detritus, small protein grains, fat drops, crystals, hematoidin, cholesterol, etc. The cytological material was stained with azure-eosin mixtures.
Conclusion
. The results obtained indicate that along with cellular elements in the morphology of the wound in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues against the background of diabetes mellitus, other representatives of the cytological picture also play a significant role. The results of a cytological study of smears-imprints of a purulent-inflammatory wound of soft tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus showed that the microscopic picture of the smear was characterized, first, by the presence of a microbial factor in combination with background elements. Under the influence of the preparation of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues against the background of diabetes mellitus, it increases the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and increases their phagocytic activity in the wound.
Time Series Neural Network-based Analysis of Hospital Material Prediction under Infectious Disease Epidemic
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen Rui , Wang Yadong , Liu Peng , Guan Zhongjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to overcome the inaccuracy of traditional time series and linear models for predicting short-time hospital supplies under infectious disease epidemics, this paper combines time series and neural network models, establishes a neural network-based time series prediction model, preprocesses hospital supplies data, and uses the model to train the data for prediction, and uses a tertiary class A sentinel hospital in Guizhou province for 24 days in February 2020 for medical. The study shows that the absolute value of error is mostly less than 0.2, the mean absolute error is less than 0.001, and the root means the square error is less than 0.1, indicating that the time series neural network model has high prediction accuracy.