bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fecal Contamination of Urban Parks by Domestic Dogs: Another Tragedy of the Commons?
Authors: MORI Kensuke , ROCK Melanie , MCCORMACK Gavin , LICCIOLI Stefano , GIUNCHI Dimitri , MARCEAU Danielle , STEFANAKIS Emmanuel , MASSOLO Alessandro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Contamination of public parks by dogs is a potential source of conflict among park users, causing “tragedy of commons” problems. Besides the social conflict, feces can pose serious health risks to both dogs and humans. In this study we analyzed the extent and patterns of the distribution of dog feces in the urban parks of the City of Calgary. We collected dog feces from randomly selected locations in the urban parks. The average density of dog feces by the different dog leash policies of the parks and the distribution pattern of the fecal density within the parks were assessed, and the total contamination of the public parks for the entire city was estimated. We found off-leash parks to be significantly more contaminated than other types of parks. We estimated 127.23 g / ha of dog feces are left unpicked in city parks in total every week. Dog feces were found more often and in greater amount in off-leash parks, and near park entrances and parking lots, than in on-leash parks and away from the park entrances. These results suggest that public park visitors, especially those visiting off-leash parks, are likely to be exposed to large amounts of dog feces. Designation of parks as on-leash and educating dog-owners may be an effective approach for reducing the fecal contamination.
Control effects of foothill incubation environments on the distribution pattern of pipeline water damage hazard
Authors: Sun Zhizhong , Liu Xiaohui , Ren Haochen , Zhang Manyin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The distribution of pipeline water damage hazards and the control effect of the disaster-inducing environment are the theoretical basis of risk assessment and prevention decision-making. Based on the observation data of pipeline water damage hazard at the northern foot of Yumu mountain from 2015 to 2021, indexes of the point density and linear density were introduced to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution law of water damage hazard, and the control effect of disaster inducing environment factors was discussed, such as rainfall, slope, pluvial fan superimposition, and scarp. The results show that: in terms of time, the point density and linear density of water damage hazard show a downward trend along with the pipeline operation, and the decrease of density of river channel is higher than that of slope water damage hazard, but the local steep rise phenomenon is significant. In terms of space, the point density of water damage hazard is affected by both the slope water damage hazard and the river channel water damage hazard, the influence width of the former is greater than that of the latter, so the linear density of water damage hazard is controlled by the slope water damage hazard. The frequency and intensity of heavy rain have a significant impact on the density of water damage hazards, especially on the slope water damage hazard. The longitudinal slope of Piedmont is positively correlated with the linear density of water damage hazard. Water damage hazard is developed in the superimposition range of pluvial fan, and its impact on linear density is more significant than that on point density. Its impact on slope water damage hazard is more significant than that on river channel water damage hazard. The point density of the water damage hazard is negatively correlated with the distance between the pipeline and the scarp, and the linear density of the water damage hazard is positively correlated with the distance between the pipeline and the scarp. The crossing and accompanying of the pipeline and the scarp is the main control factor for the alternate development of the slope water damage hazard and the river channel water damage hazard.
Orographic amplification of El Niño teleconnections on winter precipitation across western North America
Authors: Stagge James , Torbenson Max , Sung Kyungmin , Phillips Benjamin , Kingston Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection pattern drives interannual changes in winter precipitation across western North America, but these effects are entangled with orographic effects, caused by mountainous terrain, and long-term climate trends. This study employs a novel, spatially distributed non-linear spline model to isolate ENSO impacts from these other factors. We find that topography exaggerates the underlying effect of ENSO, driving larger precipitation changes at high elevations along western slopes. Further, we detected a north-south precipitation dipole, which exhibited incremental ENSO effects in the southern region, but more binary effects in the north. Spatial extents for positive and negative ENSO phases also varied based on topography. Confirmation of precipitation lapse rates and multi-decadal precipitation trends provides greater confidence in disentangling the ENSO signal. Ultimately, these results provide greater nuance regarding ENSO effects on winter precipitation, which is critical for domestic water supplies, ecological flows, and agriculture.
Derivative of Reduced Cumulative Distribution Function and Applications
Authors: Maritato Kevin , Uryasev Stan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Reduced Cumulative Distribution Function (rCDF) is the maximal lower bound for the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF). It is equivalent to the inverse of the Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), or one minus the Buffered Probability of Exceedance (bPOE). This paper introduces the Reduced Probability Density Function (rPDF), the derivative of the rCDF. We first explore the relation between rCDF and other risk measures. Then we describe three means of calculating the rPDF for a distribution, depending on what is known about the distribution. For functions with a closed-form formula for bPOE, we derive closed-form formulae for rPDF. We also examine using these formulae for parameter estimation with the maximum likelihood method. Further, we describe formulas for rPDF based on a numerical bPOE when there is a closed-form formula for CVaR but no closed-form formula for bPOE. Finally, we give a method for numerically calculating rPDF for an empirical distribution, and compare the results with other methods for known distributions.
Molecular mechanism of Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens strain P9 in response to root exudates of peanut
Authors: Jiang Biao , Long Changmei , Xu Yu , Han Lizhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens strain P9 is a rare actinomycete with plant growth-promoting properties and can improve the growth of peanut. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of P9 under the influence of peanut root exudates from RNA-sequencing data and analyzed the effects of root exudates and their organic acid and amino acid components on the growth and growth-promoting effects of this strain to explore the molecular mechanism of the P9 response. The results showed that peanut root exudates promoted the growth and growth-promoting activity of P9. Transcriptome analysis revealed 126 DEGs in P9, comprising 81 up-regulated and 45 down-regulated genes. The DEGs were significantly enriched in 17 KEGG metabolic pathways, including arginine biosynthesis, butyric acid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and tryptophan metabolism. Peanut root exudates induced up-regulation of nutrient transport, carbohydrate metabolism and energy production, siderophore and IAA biosynthesis, adhesion, and biofilm formation, and down-regulation of arginine biosynthesis and the urea cycle in P9. Organic acids and amino acids are the major components of peanut root exudates. Glycine, proline, and alanine promoted the growth and IAA secretion of P9. Proline, alanine (40 mM), and oxalic acid significantly enhanced siderophore biosynthesis, whereas citric acid, oxalic acid, and malic acid significantly promoted biofilm formation of P9. This study clarifies the response of T. tyrosinosolvens P9 to peanut root exudates at the molecular level, examining the molecular basis of the relationship between P9 and peanut, and provides a theoretical foundation for improved exertion of the growth-promoting properties of P9.
Effect of necrostatin-1 on sciatic nerve crush injury in rat models
Authors: YU CHEN , Wang Xiao-Xu , Qin Jian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is an inhibitor of the receptor interacting protein (RIP)1 kinase, which acts as an inhibitor of necroptosis, a special form of necrosis. In the present study, the effect of Nec-1 on peripheral nerve injury (PNI) was investigated.
Methods
The PNI model was established by inducing sciatic nerve injury. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunofluorescence staining techniques were used to assess the extent of injury to nerve fibers and necrosis of Schwann cells (SCs). Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of necroptosis-related factors (RIP1 and RIP3). The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and he oxidative stress-related enzyme malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined to indicate the degree of inflammation and oxidative stress.
Results
Nec-1 could decrease the size of peripheral nerve lesions after PNI and protect SCs and axons by inhibiting necroptosis. Furthermore, Nec-1 could reduce necroptosis by inhibiting RIP1 and RIP3 recruitment and effectively reduce inflammation and reactive oxygen species production at the early stage of PNI.
Conclusion
alleviation of necroptosis by Nec-1 may provide new insights into therapies for the early stages of peripheral nerve repair after PNI.
High magnetic field stability in a planar graphene-NbSe2 SQUID
Authors: Zalic Ayelet , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Gazit Snir , Steinberg Hadar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thin NbSe2 retains superconductivity at high in-plane magnetic field up to 30 T. In this work we construct an atomically thin, all van der Waals SQUID, in which current flows between NbSe2 contacts through two parallel graphene weak links. This fully planar device remains uniquely stable at high in-plane field. This enables tracing the evolution of the critical current interference patterns as a function of the field up to 4.5 T, allowing nm-scale sensitivity to deviations from a perfect atomic plane. We present numerical methods to retrieve asymmetric current distributions J0(x) from measured interference maps, and suggest a new application of the dual junction geometry to probe the current density in the absence of phase information. The interference maps exhibit a striking field-driven transition, indicating a redistribution of supercurrents to narrow channels. Our results suggest the existence of a preferred conductance channel with an exceptional stability to in-plane magnetic field.
Three new families of large cyclic subspace codes via high-dimensional Sidon spaces
Authors: Zhang He , Tang Chunming , Hu Xing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

k-dimensional subspace codes, also called as constant dimension codes, play a crucial role in error correction of random network coding for ten years. Especially, large cyclic constant dimension codes with the optimal minimum distance are possible candidates owing to efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. The seminal work of Ben-Sasson et al. was using the roots of subspace polynomials to construct cyclic subspace codes. Shortly after, Roth et al. introduced the definitions of max-span and min-span Sidon spaces and designed a kind of new cyclic subspace codes which contain multiple orbits from Sidon spaces. By exploring Roth's ideas, Niu et al. and Li et al. further investigated high-dimensional Sidon spaces employing the direct sum to extend the previous results. However, we find that they only constructed high-dimensional Sidon spaces and presented several examples of cyclic subspace codes from Sidon spaces with dimension k. Combining the orbit of Sidon spaces with dimension k or more than k respectively, we will provide three families of larger cyclic subspace codes. Additionally, our constructions of cyclic subspace codes can yet maintain their the optimality of minimum distance.
Common structural attributes of Tyrosinase variants are unlikely to determine differential retentions within Endoplasmic Reticulum: A modelling study with 45 variants
Authors: Ganguly Kausik , Dutta Tithi , Ganguli Sayak , Sengupta Mainak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tyrosinase is the key enzyme (TYR) regulating melanin biosynthesis pathway and different TYR mutants had been shown to be retained within the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in varying degrees, instead of being localized in the melanosome. Interestingly, a direct correlation could be ascertained between the enzyme activities of the mutants and their respective degrees of ER retentions (Moumita Chaki et al., 2011; Mondal, Sengupta, & Ray, 2016); but the molecular bases of such variations in retentions has largely been unknown. In the current study, for the very first time, we tried to check if structural constraints like – (i) position of an amino acid within TYR, whether buried or surface exposed (which is reflected by Accessible Surface Area value), (ii) change in nature of amino acid, (iii) changes in overall electrostatic potential (iv) changes in hydrogen bonding (v) steric hindrance (vi) change in overall stability due to non-synonymous amino acid substitutions have contributing effects upon differential retentions of the mutants within ER. To achieve our aim, we did homology models of 45 TYR variants that have previously been functionally characterized by Mondal, Sengupta, & Ray, 2016, with respect to their degrees of ER retentions, as well as their individual levels of enzyme activities. To our surprise, we did not get any correlations whatsoever between differential functional characteristics of mutant TYRs with differential structural attributes. This indicates towards the role of some hitherto unexplored mechanism of processing of mutant protein variants that contribute toward their differential functional outcomes.
Effects of curcumin, quercetin, and their combinationson neurodegeneration and motor impairment in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats
Authors: Lard Mehak , deol Shweta , Dhanawat Meenakshi , Mehta Dinesh , Das Rina , Gupta Sumeet , Morsy Mohamed A. , Nair Anroop B. , Matouk Asmaa. I. , Gupta Nidhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with motor and behavioral dysfunctions. Mitochondrial damage, increased oxidative stress, and the formation of Lewy bodies by misfolded proteins are major pathways for the development of PD. Using antioxidants could delay neurodegeneration in parkinsonism and improve the symptoms. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of quercetin, curcumin, and their combination on the rotenone-induced parkinsonism model.
Methods
PDwas induced by administration of rotenone 2mg/kg/day for 14 days in rats. Curcumin (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg), quercetin (30, 40, and 50 mg/kg),or their combination were given orally for 14 days concurrently with rotenone and for additional 14 days. On the 28th and 29th days, behavioral and histological studies were carried out.
Results
In the rotenone-induced parkinsonism model, curcumin and quercetin dose-dependently improved locomotor activity, motor coordination, and mobility. Also, they increased dopamine levels and mitigated the neural damage induced by rotenone.
Conclusion
Both curcumin and quercetin have neuroprotective effects against parkinsonism. The combination of curcumin and quercetin has more favorable effects than usingeither drug alone.
Efficacy of oral, topical and extended-release injectable formulations of moxidectin combined with doxycycline in Dirofilaria immitis-naturally infected dogs
Authors: Ciuca Lavinia , Vismarra Alice , Costanza Dario , Loria Antonio Di , Meomartino Leonardo , Ciaramella Paolo , Cringoli Giuseppe , Genchi Marco , Rinaldi Laura , Kramer Laura 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies in both experimentally and naturally infected dogs have reported the adulticide effect of a combination of macrocyclic lactones and doxycycline against Dirofilaria immitis, showing that these protocols can be used as an alternative to melarsomine. The present study evaluated the efficacy of oral, topical and extended-release injectable formulations of moxidectin when combined with doxycycline in dogs naturally infected with D. immitisfrom a shelter located in southern Italy.
Methods
A total of 30 dogs with naturally acquired D. immitis infection were divided in three groups (G) and treated either with oral moxidectin (G1) once a month for 9 consecutive months, topical moxidectin (G2) once a month for 9 consecutive months or with an extended release moxidectin injectable (G3) at enrolment and again at 6 months (Day 180). All treatment groups received doxycycline for the first 30 days. Microfilarial concentration in 1 ml (mff/ml) of blood were determined monthly for 9 months, with the modified Knott’s test. A clinical scoring system was employed for each dog enrolled in the study based on thoracic radiography and cardiac ultrasound (CU) exams performed at Day -15 (before treatment) and at Day 180.
Results
Results from the present study suggest that the majority of dogs from all treatment groups became antigen negative, as evaluated at Day 270: 9/10 dogs (90.0%) from G1, 6/10 dogs (60.0%) from G2 and 8/10 dogs (80.0%) from G3. Improvement of radiographic alterations was observed in all treatment groups, and almost all dogs were cleared of pulmonary abnormalities by six months from the beginning of treatment (P = 0.000). Cardiac ultrasound examination showed a progressive improvement of cardiac function in a limited number of animals (4/30).
Conclusions
The combination of doxycycline and three different formulations of moxidectin leads to antigen negative status in naturally infected dogs.
Blood pressure control and its associated factors among patients with heart failure in Jordan
Authors: Jarab Anan , Hamam Hanan , Al-Qerem Walid , Heshmeh Shrouq Abu , Mukattash Tareq 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) has been associated with increases risk of cardiovascular events including heart failure (HF). This study aimed to explore the factors associated with poor BP control among patients with HF attending two major outpatient cardiology clinics in Jordan. Variables including socio-demographics, biomedical variables, in addition to disease and medication characteristics were collected using medical records and custom-designed questionnaire. The validated 4-item Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the significant and independent predictors of poor BP control among the study patients. Out of the 427 participants, 77% of were found to have hypertension as a comorbid condition. Regression analysis results revealed that being not satisfied with the prescribed medication (OR= 2.882; 95%CI 1.458-5.695; P<0.01), reporting moderate medication adherence (OR= 0.203; 95% CI: 0.048-0.863; P<0.05), not receiving digoxin (OR= 3.423; 95% CI 1.346-8.707; P<0.05), and not receiving aldosterone antagonist (OR= 2.044; 95% CI: 1.038-4.025; P<0.05) were associated with poor BP control. Future interventions should focus on increasing medication satisfaction and enhancing medication adherence, along with considering digoxin and aldosterone therapy in order to improve BP control among patients with HF.
Remote detection of electric current flowing in wires by laser speckle analysis
Authors: Nazari Elaheh , Rezaei Kosar , Asghari Mahsa , Rad Vahideh Farzam , Moradi Ali-Reza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the massive growth in the use of electrical equipment and worldwide increase of the electrical distribution consumption, electrical current sensors have attracted intensive interest, particularly in the cases where there is an electrical fire (Class C) risk. Here, we introduce laser speckle analysis for remote detection and measurement of current flowing through wires. The laser scattering from the wire outer oversheath generates speckle patterns and from the follow-up statistical post-processing several numerical and graphical parameters are extracted which provide the detection task. To demonstrate the capability of the method we consider an individual wire with DC current. Therefore, the influence of cross-talk between adjacent current-carrying wires and the possible changes on the electromagnetic field are avoided. The change in the speckle patterns is attributed to the local heat generated by the flowing current. The methodology is easy-to-implement, can be used in extreme conditions, and provides quantitative assessment.
TREM1 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Pu Yaling , Cai Danyang , Jin Lingling , Xu Fenfen , Ye Enru , Wu Lina , Liu Suzhi , Guo Qunyi , Wu Gang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aims to find immune-related hub gene as potential novel biomarker for KIRC.
Methods: We constructed a KIRC immune prognostic signature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, survival curves, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were utilized to validate the signature. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of TRME1 in renal clear cell carcinoma tissues. The clinical characteristics, the status of the tumor microenvironment, and immune infiltration were analyzed through the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms for the hub gene, while the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and PPI analysis were performed to predict the function of the hub gene.
Results: In Immunohistochemical staining, we found that the expression of TREM1 was significantly upregulated with increasing tumor grade in renal clear cell carcinoma, and elevated TREM1 expression was associated with poor prognosis.The CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms revealed that TREM1 was correlated with the infiltration of 12 types of immune cells. Therefore, it was determined that TREM1 was involved in numerous classical pathways in the immune response via GSEA analysis.
Conclusions: The results suggest that TREM1 may act as an implicit novel prognostic biomarker in KIRC that could be utilized to facilitate immunotherapeutic strategy.
Seismic performance evaluation of steel moment resisting frames with mid-span rigid rocking cores
Authors: Akbari Ali , Massumi Ali , Grigorian Mark 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The combination of replaceable and repairable properties in structures has introduced new approach called “Low Damage Design Structures”. These structural systems are designed in such a way that through self-centering, primary members and specific connections neither suffer damage nor experience permanent deformations after being exposed to severe earthquakes. The purpose of this study is the seismic assessment of steel moment resisting frames with the aid of rigid rocking cores. To this end, three steel moment resisting frames of 4-, 8-, and 12-story buildings with and without rocking cores were developed. The nonlinear static analysis and incremental dynamic analysis were performed by considering the effects of the vertical and horizontal components of 16 strong ground motions, including far-fault and near-fault arrays. The results reveal that rocking systems benefit from better seismic performance and energy dissipation compared to moment resisting frames and thus structures experience a lower level of damage under higher intensity measures. The analyses show that the interstory drift in structures equipped with stiff rocking cores is more uniform in static and dynamic analyses. A uniform interstory drift distribution leads to a uniform distribution of the bending moment and a reduction in the structure’s total weight and future maintenance costs.