bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Antioxidant Modulating Properties of Justicia carnea Extract on Sheep Red Blood Cells Immunized Mice
Authors: Iwetan Benedict Bolakponumigha , Obianime Atuboyedia Wolfe , Ewhre Lawrence Oberhiri , Kweki Godfrey Rume 
Published: July 2022

Aims: Inflammatory cytokines as well as exogenously invading antigens among others are keenly involved in the generation of oxidative stress such as reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species capable of causing related diseases. hence this study aimed at evaluating the In-vivo antioxidant modulatory properties of Justicia carnea aqueous leave extract on sheep red blood cells immunized mice.
Study Design: The animals were grouped into six with five animals per group (Vehicle; distilled water 10 mL/Kg, Sheep Red Blood Cells 0.2 mL/Kg, Justicia carnea 125 mg/Kg, 250 mg/Kg and 500 mg/Kg, and Levamisole 7.5 mg/Kg )
Place and Duration of Study: The animals used for this study were breed, feed and housed at ambient temperature and well-ventilated animal house of the Basic Medical Sciences in Delta State University, Abraka and Emma-maria laboratory Abraka. The study lasted for two (2) weeks.
Methodology: All groups were immunized at day zero and day 5 with SRBC inducing immune response except for the VEH group that was not immunized. Treatment of the various groups with respective treatment agents commenced on day 3 to day 9. On day 10 the antioxidant enzymes (Determination of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, Myeloperoxidase, Malondialdehyde, Glutathione Peroxidase, Nitric oxide and Xanthine Oxidase) of the brain, liver, kidney and Spleen were carried out.
Results: The findings in this study reveal the antioxidant enhancement by the plant Justicia carnea being significant when compared to the Vehicle and Sheep Red Blood Cells. Levamisole a standard immunostimulants drug also has significant antioxidant potentials.
Conclusion: The study was able to showcase the antioxidants activities of the plant Justicia carnea. Pharmacological antioxidants may be developed from the plant, which might be helpful in immune related diseases.
Automation of radiation treatment planning for rectal cancer
Authors: Huang Kai , Das Prajnan , Olanrewaju Adenike M. , Cardenas Carlos , Fuentes David , Zhang Lifei , Hancock Donald , Simonds Hannah , Rhee Dong Joo , Beddar Sam , Briere Tina M. , Court Laurence 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo develop an automated workflow for rectal cancer three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) treatment planning that combines deep learning (DL) aperture predictions and forward‐planning algorithms.MethodsWe designed an algorithm to automate the clinical workflow for 3DCRT planning with field aperture creations and field‐in‐field (FIF) planning. DL models (DeepLabV3+ architecture) were trained, validated, and tested on 555 patients to automatically generate aperture shapes for primary (posterior–anterior [PA] and opposed laterals) and boost fields. Network inputs were digitally reconstructed radiographs, gross tumor volume (GTV), and nodal GTV. A physician scored each aperture for 20 patients on a 5‐point scale (>3 is acceptable). A planning algorithm was then developed to create a homogeneous dose using a combination of wedges and subfields. The algorithm iteratively identifies a hotspot volume, creates a subfield, calculates dose, and optimizes beam weight all without user intervention. The algorithm was tested on 20 patients using clinical apertures with varying wedge angles and definitions of hotspots, and the resulting plans were scored by a physician. The end‐to‐end workflow was tested and scored by a physician on another 39 patients.ResultsThe predicted apertures had Dice scores of 0.95, 0.94, and 0.90 for PA, laterals, and boost fields, respectively. Overall, 100%, 95%, and 87.5% of the PA, laterals, and boost apertures were scored as clinically acceptable, respectively. At least one auto‐plan was clinically acceptable for all patients. Wedged and non‐wedged plans were clinically acceptable for 85% and 50% of patients, respectively. The hotspot dose percentage was reduced from 121% (σ = 14%) to 109% (σ = 5%) of prescription dose for all plans. The integrated end‐to‐end workflow of automatically generated apertures and optimized FIF planning gave clinically acceptable plans for 38/39 (97%) of patients.ConclusionWe have successfully automated the clinical workflow for generating radiotherapy plans for rectal cancer for our institution.
In‐Sensor Computing: Materials, Devices, and Integration Technologies
Authors: Wan Tianqing , Shao Bangjie , Ma Sijie , Zhou Yue , Li Qiao , Chai Yang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe number of sensor nodes in the Internet of Things is growing rapidly, leading to a large volume of data generated at sensory terminals. Frequent data transfer between the sensors and computing units causes severe limitations on the system performance in terms of energy efficiency, speed, and security. To efficiently process a substantial amount of sensory data, a novel computation paradigm that can integrate computing functions into sensor networks should be developed. The in‐sensor computing paradigm reduces data transfer and also decreases the high computing complexity by processing data locally. Here, the hardware implementation of the in‐sensor computing paradigm at the device and array levels is discussed. The physical mechanisms that lead to unique sensory response characteristics and their corresponding computing functions are illustrated. In particular, bioinspired device characteristics enable the implementation of the functionalities of neuromorphic computation. The integration technology is also discussed and the perspective on the future development of in‐sensor computing is provided.
Assessment of availability of trace elements in turf soil after biosolids application
Authors: Johnston Theresa , Tian Guanglong , Voigt Thomas , Lindo Pauline , Cox Albert , Granato Thomas , Zhang Heng , Podczerwinski Ed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSoil amendments rich in organic matter and micronutrients can benefit plants by increasing the availability of micronutrients. To evaluate changes in the availability of trace elements in biosolids‐amended soil, soil and plant samples were collected from six managed turfgrass locations across the Chicago metropolitan area that received air‐dried biosolids topdressing at two rates: 2.2 Mg ha–1 per application (low biosolids rate), 11 Mg ha–1 per application (high biosolids rate), and urea 48.8 kg ha–1 total N per application (control). The low and high rates refer to biosolids total N and plant‐available N, respectively, considered for meeting the turfgrass N recommendation. Biosolids and urea application was conducted for each year of 2006–2008 with multiple applications per year. For micronutrients tested, biosolids application increased concentrations of soil‐available (Mehlich‐3 extraction) Zn (29.5 ± 2.9 mg kg–1, mean ± SE) and Cu (9.0 ± 0.6 mg kg–1) for the high rate vs. the control (10.4 ± 2.9 mg kg–1 for Zn and 6.1 ± 0.7 mg kg–1 for Cu). Soil‐available Mn, Fe, and Mo in the biosolids treatments did not differ from the control. Application of biosolids increased turf plant Cu, Zn, Mn, and Mo concentrations for both 2007 and 2008 and Fe for 2007 vs. the control with statistical significance at the high rate of biosolids. Topdressing with a plant‐available N‐based application rate for biosolids increased turfgrass nutrition of micronutrients without a concern of heavy metals.
Exploring the relationships between genetic, linguistic and geographic distances in Bantu‐speaking populations
Authors: González‐Santos Miguel , Montinaro Francesco , Grollemund Rebecca , Marnetto Davide , Atadzhanov Masharip , May Celia A. , Mabunda Nedio , Maret Pierre de , Oosthuizen Ockie , Oosthuizen Erica , Capelli Cristian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe predominance of Bantu languages in sub‐Saharan Africa has sparked a large debate over the processes through which they came to disperse over time and space—the “Bantu expansion.” The overall genetic similarity shown by Bantu‐speaking populations indicates that movement of people occurred too, but the extent of the correlation between genetics, linguistics and geography has been a matter of debate among scholars of different disciplines. In this work, we aim to investigate how genetic, linguistic and geographic distances relate to each other in Bantu‐speaking populations.MethodsWe analyzed genome‐wide SNP array data from a set of 37 Bantu and non‐Bantu‐speaking populations together with related linguistic and geographic data. Due to the complex demographic relationships resulting from events of admixture in the history of these populations, we develop and implement a method for controlling the signatures of admixture.ResultsGenetic distances were only minimally correlated with linguistic and geographic distances, possibly as the result of gene flow from neighboring groups into Bantu‐speaking populations. When signatures of admixture are controlled for, the correlation of genetic data with linguistic and geographic distances significantly increases.DiscussionThe increase of the correlation between linguistic and genetic distances after the signatures of admixture are taken into account is in agreement with a scenario of spatial co‐dispersal of languages and people. Additional specific cultural and demographic dynamics have probably further affected the relationship between language and genetics, which will be necessary to take into account when integrating multidisciplinary data to reconstruct the history of populations.
Heart morphology during the embryonic development ofPodocnemis unifilisTrosquel 1948 (Testudines: Podocnemididae)
Authors: Rocha Layla Ianca Queiroz , Oliveira Maria Fabiele da Silva , Dias Lucas Castanhola , Franco de Oliveira Moacir , de Moura Carlos Eduardo Bezerra , Magalhães Marcela dos Santos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCardiogenesis is similar in all vertebrates, but differences in the valvuloseptal morphogenesis among non‐crocodilian reptiles, birds, and mammals are noted. The origin of mesenchymal structures such as valves that regulate the passage of blood and the formation of partial septa that prevent the complete mixing of oxygen‐rich and low‐oxygen blood present in adult chelonians are essential in the evolutionary understanding of complete septation, endothermy and malformations, even in mammals. In this context, this study analyzed the heart morphogenesis ofPodocnemis unifilis(Testudines: Podocnemididae) from the 4th to the 60th day of incubation. We identified the tubular heart stage, folding of the cardiac tube and expansion of the atrial and ventricular compartments followed by atrial septation by theseptum primum, ventricle septation by partial septa, outflow tract septation and the formation of bicuspid valves with cartilage differentiation at the base. The formation of the first atrial septum with the mesenchymal cap is noted during the development of the atrial septum, joining the atrioventricular cushion on the 17th day and completely dividing the atria. Small secondary perforations appeared in the mid‐cranial part, observed up to the 45th day. Partial ventricle septation into the pulmonary, venous, and arterial subcompartments takes place by trabeculae carneae thickening and grouping on the 15th day. The outflow tract forms the aorticopulmonary and interaortic septa on the 16th day and the bicuspid valves, on the 20th day. Therefore, after the first 20 days, the heart exhibits a general anatomical conformation similar to that of adult turtles.
Representativeness of autistic samples in studies recruiting through social media
Authors: Rødgaard Eya‐Mist , Jensen Kristian , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica , Mottron Laurent 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSurvey‐based research with recruitment through online channels is a convenient way to obtain large samples and has recently been increasingly used in autism research. However, sampling from online channels may be associated with a high risk of sampling bias causing findings not to be generalizable to the autism population. Here we examined autism studies that have sampled on social media for markers of sampling bias. Most samples showed one or more indicators of sampling bias, in the form of reversed sex ratio, higher employment rates, higher education level, lower fraction of individuals with intellectual disability, and later age of diagnosis than would be expected when comparing with for example population study results from published research. Findings from many of the included studies are therefore difficult to generalize to the broader autism population. Suggestions for how research strategies may be adapted to address some of the problems are discussed.Lay SummaryOnline surveys offer a convenient way to recruit large numbers of participants for autism research. However, the resulting samples may not fully reflect the autism population. Here we investigated the samples of 36 autism studies that recruited participants online and found that the demographic composition tended to deviate from what has been reported about the autism population in previous research. The results may thus not be generalizable to autism in general.
An undergraduate genome research course using “big data”
Authors: Bennett Evan N. , Page Shallee T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ability to analyze large data sets (“Big Data”) is an increasingly important skill in modern science. In Biochemistry, the increased volume and velocity of data is particularly evident in the rapid expansion of biological databases. We present a modular bioinformatics course to survey the analysis of genomic data for advanced undergraduates. Research activities include genome scanning for endogenous retroviruses, annotating genomic sequences and a brief exploration of programming in R. A summative poster session was used to disseminate their work. This course is amenable to remote or online instruction. Supplemental materials provided include a schedule and outline. This article reports a session from the virtual international 2021 IUBMB/ASBMB workshop, “Teaching Science on Big Data.”
Epilepsy in patients with congenital heart disease: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Zelano Johan , Dellborg Mikael , Eriksson Peter , Mandalenakis Zacharias 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital defect, and reports suggest an increased risk of subsequent epilepsy. We used Swedish comprehensive population‐based registers to investigate the risk of epilepsy in patients with CHD compared to matched controls and identify underlying factors of epilepsy.MethodsAll patients with CHD born between 1970 and 2017 and 10 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were included. Epilepsy was ascertained by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems codes, and the cumulative hazard of epilepsy was described using Cox regression.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 71,941 patients with CHD and 714,462 matched controls. The cumulative incidence of epilepsy in the study period was 3% in patients with CHD and 0.9% in controls. The risk of epilepsy was 3.6 times higher (95%, confidence interval: 3.4–3.8) in patients with CHD than in controls. Among patients with CHD, several brain comorbidities, including intellectual disability and stroke, as well as having undergone more than two cardiac interventions were significantly associated with epilepsy in a multivariable model.ConclusionsIn this nationwide, register‐based cohort study, we found an almost fourfold increased risk of epilepsy in patients with CHD compared to controls; however, the absolute risk was low. Among the identified risk factors, stroke may be potentially preventable.
The increasing relevance of European rural young people in policy agendas: Contributions from community psychology
Authors: Simões Francisco , Fernandes‐Jesus Maria , Marta Elena , Albanesi Cinzia , Carr Nicholas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur paper aims to provide a short guide on how community psychologists can contribute to the improvement of rural young people's prospects. After briefly introducing the demographic trends of these young people in continental Europe for the past decade, we list the current challenges faced by rural European young generations, as well as the opportunities emerging for them from the twin transition that can inspire the community psychology field. We then contextualize community psychologists' interventions in this domain according to an ecological‐systemic standpoint and by embracing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) perspective on research and practice. We further detail the reasons for adopting a PAR approach in research and practice to address rural young people's challenges and opportunities. Finally, we highlight four potential intermediation missions to uphold community psychologists' rural youth development input, based on the adopted theoretical and methodological standpoint. We conclude that our short guide can facilitate community psychology professionals' complete understanding of rural young generations' prospects, in line with the expected increase in the need for rural young people's participation. Our proposal may also have long‐term benefits for rural communities by contributing to the redesigning of intergenerational relationships and securing critical mass.
Controlling StyleGANs using rough scribbles via one‐shot learning
Authors: Endo Yuki , Kanamori Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper tackles the challenging problem of one‐shot semantic image synthesis from rough sparse annotations, which we call “semantic scribbles.” Namely, from only a single training pair annotated with semantic scribbles, we generate realistic and diverse images with layout control over, for example, facial part layouts and body poses. We present a training strategy that performs pseudo labeling for semantic scribbles using the StyleGAN prior. Our key idea is to construct a simple mapping between StyleGAN features and each semantic class from a single example of semantic scribbles. With such mappings, we can generate an unlimited number of pseudo semantic scribbles from random noise to train an encoder for controlling a pretrained StyleGAN generator. Even with our rough pseudo semantic scribbles obtained via one‐shot supervision, our method can synthesize high‐quality images thanks to our GAN inversion framework. We further offer optimization‐based postprocessing to refine the pixel alignment of synthesized images. Qualitative and quantitative results on various datasets demonstrate improvement over previous approaches in one‐shot settings.
Decatungstate‐Photocatalyzed Dearomative Hydroacylation of Indoles: Direct Synthesis of 2‐Acylindolines
Authors: Varlet Thomas , Bouchet Damien , Van Elslande Elsa , Masson Géraldine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report herein a convenient and scalable dearomative hydroacylation reaction of indoles. Employing readily available aldehydes as the acyl source and TBADT as an inexpensive direct HAT photocatalyst, a variety of indoles derivatives were converted into synthetically interesting 2‐acylindolines in good to excellent yields as well as great diastereoselectivity under mild conditions. An asymmetric version of the reaction was successfully developed and an experimental mechanistic investigation was carried out in order to gain further insights on the assumed reaction pathway.
Development and psychometric properties of the leader apology scale
Authors: Altunoğlu Ali Ender , Şahin Faruk , Babacan Sümeyra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThree studies examine the utility and validity of the Turkish version of the leader apology measure using organizational samples from several industries. Study 1 (N = 263) indicated that four distinct and internally consistent factors shaped employee response to the leader apology measure. The proposed four‐factor structure of leader apology was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis in Study 2 (N = 207). Leader apology measure was positively associated with authentic leadership, employees' organizational identification, and work engagement. Study 3 (N = 166) provided concurrent evidence that leader apology is positively associated with follower job satisfaction, and transformational leadership mediates this relationship. The results suggest that manager–employee relationships may benefit from leader apology.
Eating‐ and oral health‐related quality of life in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment
Authors: Babaee Hemmati Yasamin , Mirmoayed Arastoo , Ghaffari Mohammad Ebrahim , Falahchai Mehran 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe eating problems and changes in the diet and dietary intake of patients under orthodontic treatment are of great importance, and the available studies on this topic are mostly qualitative. Thus, this study aimed to assess the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the eating‐related quality of life (ERQoL) of patients under fixed orthodontic treatment.Materials and MethodsThis prospective study evaluated 105 patients (65 males, 40 females) with a mean age of 26 ± 1.1 years, who required fixed orthodontic treatment. All participants filled out the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14) questionnaire before treatment (T0), and at 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 (T3) months after treatment, and the ERQoL questionnaire at 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 (T3) months after treatment. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance with Greenhouse–Geisser and Huynh‐Feldt corrections and Bonferroni test for pairwise comparisons (α = .05).ResultsThe OHIP‐14 total score increased at T1 and decreased at T2 and T3, with significant differences between all four time points (p < .001). The ERQoL total score decreased over time, and significant differences were noted between all three time points (p < .001). No significant difference existed in OHRQoL or ERQoL with regard to gender at any time point (p > .05).ConclusionThe reduction in OHRQoL due to fixed orthodontic treatment was temporary and improved over time. The eating problems also decreased with time.
Controlled freezing studies as a corollary selection method for winterhardiness in perennial flax
Authors: Tork David G. , Anderson Neil O. , Wyse Donald L. , Betts Kevin J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPerennial flax (Linum spp.) breeding objectives at the University of Minnesota (UMN) are to develop agronomic (oilseed, fiber) and horticultural (cut flower, garden perennial) varieties that are hardy in Minnesota (USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 3 and 4). The objective of this research was to determine the range of cold hardiness in UMN perennial flax breeding populations compared with wild accessions of L. austriacum, L. lewisii, and L. perenne. Fifty‐three genotypes from seven populations were low temperature acclimated, followed by controlled freezing using a programmable freezer. The observed lethal temperature for 50% plant kill (LT50) ranged from >0 °C (0% survival) to <−12 °C (100% survival), for the test temperatures of 0, −4, −8, −10, and −12 °C. Cold damage was measured after 4 wk of regrowth as the proportion of alive shoots and a root damage rating. Significant negative correlations were observed between LT50 and proportion of alive shoots (r = −.918) and root damage rating (r = −.935). Both L. austriacum and L. perenne had significantly less cold damage than L. lewisii and the breeding populations. This study establishes methods of screening perennial flax cold tolerance that are more cost effective, rapid, and repeatable compared to field evaluations.