bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Nervous System Monitoring
Authors: Muzyka Iryna M. , Strommen Jeffrey A. , Harper C. Michel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Patients with peripheral nerve injury or trauma often undergo surgical procedures to repair injured nerves. Although the preoperative clinical examination, electrophysiological testing, and imaging studies are used to localize the site(s) of injury for the surgical planning, these studies do not always fully identify the precise site(s) of involvement and often will not be sufficient to determine continuity of a nerve. Intraoperative monitoring (IOM) at the time of surgical exploration or intervention may be critical for surgical decision-making by providing enhanced localization and more accurate information about nerve integrity. Intraoperative monitoring protocols use multiple modalities, including nerve conduction studies, electromyography, sensory and motor evoked potentials, which are individualized based on the preoperative diagnosis and the anticipated surgical procedure. This multimodal intraoperative monitoring provides the surgeon additional diagnostic, localization, mapping, and monitoring feedback to immediately assist with surgical decisions and optimize surgical planning accordingly. Application of IOM in peripheral nerve surgeries include nerve entrapment, repair of traumatic nerve injury, peripheral nerve tumor resection, targeted fascicular nerve biopsy, and prevention of further nerve injury during surgical procedures. Surgical planning and the preservation of the functional integrity of the peripheral nerves can be better achieved with optimal intraoperative monitoring methods, potentially leading to better surgical outcomes and the avoidance of unnecessary surgical interventions or complications.
Digital Signal Processing
Authors: Lagerlund Terrence D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Digital Signal Processing reviews technical considerations for digital signal processing applied to clinical neurophysiologic studies. Digital instruments are replacing analog systems because of convenient storage, retrieval, and review of studies and improved reliability of interpretation. Digitization involves quantization and sampling. Quantization is characterized by quantum size, number of bits, and input range. Sampling is characterized by sampling interval and sampling frequency. The sampling theorem specifies the minimum sampling frequency necessary to adequately represent igher frequency components of a signal. Sampling at less than this frequency produces aliasing. Signal averaging is used for evoked potential and nerve conduction studies, repetitive transient waveforms, and movement-associated potentials. Digital filtering removes unwanted frequency components from a signal by means of software algorithms. In contrast, analog filtering uses electrical circuit components like resisters, capacitors, and coils to remove unwanted frequency components. Both types of filters can be classified as low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, or notch filters. Interval analysis, autocorrelation analysis, and spectral analysis are ways to quantify the frequency content of a signal. Pattern recognition is used to detect waveforms with characteristic features.
Fundamental effective temperature measurements for eclipsing binary stars – II. The detached F-type eclipsing binary CPD-54 810
Authors: Miller N J , Maxted P F L , Graczyk D , Tan T G , Southworth J 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
CPD-54 810 is a double-lined detached eclipsing binary containing two mid-F type dwarfs on an eccentric 26-d orbit. We perform a combined analysis of the extensive photometry obtained by the TESS space mission along with previously published observations to obtain a full orbital and physical solution for the system. We measure the following model-independent masses and radii: $M_1=1.3094\pm 0.0051\, {M_\odot }$, $M_2=1.0896\pm 0.0034\, {M_\odot }$, $R_1=1.9288\pm 0.0030\, {R_\odot }$, and $R_2=1.1815\pm 0.0037\, {R_\odot }$. We employ a Bayesian approach to obtain the bolometric flux for both stars from observed magnitudes, colours, and flux ratios. These bolometric fluxes combined with the stars’ angular diameters (from R1, R2 and the parallax from Gaia EDR3) lead directly to the stars’ effective temperatures: Teff, 1 = 6462 ± 43 K, and Teff, 2 = 6331 ± 43 K, with an additional systematic error of 0.8 per cent (13 K) from the uncertainty in the zero-point of the flux scale. Our results are robust against the choice of model spectra and other details of the analysis. CPD-54 810 is an ideal benchmark system that can be used to test stellar parameters measured by large spectroscopic surveys or derived from asteroseismology, and calibrate stellar models by providing robust constraints on the measured parameters. The methods presented here can be applied to many other detached eclipsing binary systems to build a catalogue of well–measured benchmark stars.
Exploring short-term optical variability of blazars using TESS
Authors: Pininti Vivek Reddy , Bhatta Gopal , Paul Sagarika , Kumar Aman , Rajgor Aayushi , Barnwal Rahul , Gharat Sarvesh 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a first systematic time series study of a sample of blazars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). By cross matching the positions of the sources in the TESS observations with those from Roma-BZCAT, 29 blazars including both BL Lacerate objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars were identified. The observation lengths of the 79 light curves of the sources, across all sectors on which the targets of interest have been observed by TESS, range between 21.25 and 28.2 d. The light curves were analysed using various methods of time series analysis. The results show that the sources exhibit significant variability with fractional variability spanning between 1.41 per cent and 53.84 per cent. The blazar flux distributions were studied by applying normal and log-normal probability density function models. The results indicate that optical flux histogram of the sources are consistent with normal probability density function with most of them following bimodal distribution as opposed to unimodal distribution. This suggests that the days-time-scale optical variability is contributed either by two different emission zones or two distinct states of short-term activity in blazars. Power spectral density analysis was performed by using the power spectral response method and the true power spectra of unevenly sampled light curves were estimated. The power spectral slopes of the light curves ranged from 1.7 to 3.2.
Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation in a patient with Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Yilmaz Neslihan , Goksoy Hasan Sami , Sever Ibrahim Halil , Yavuz Sule 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the aorta and although it usually causes stenosis, aneurysms have been reported in ∼10–25% of the patients. Here, we present a male TA patient with chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as a rare complication of endovascular grafted aortic aneurysm (AA). Chronic DIC usually presents as mild or even hidden clinical symptoms, and early diagnosis of this condition can only be possible with laboratory tests. Due to the silent clinical scenario, this complication should be kept in mind among AA patients with unexplained thrombocytopenia or coagulation abnormalities.
A Pilot Trial for Prevention of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission From Donor to Organ Transplant Recipient With Short-Course Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir
Authors: Ramirez-Sanchez Claudia , Kozuch Jade , Shah Mita M , Berumen Jennifer , Mekeel Kristin , Schnickel Gabriel , Taremi Mahnaz , Golts Eugene , Afshar Kamyar , Adler Eric , Pretorius Victor , Aslam Saima 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A 7-day course of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir started in the preoperative period prevented transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) from viremic donors to 10 HCV-negative recipients (2 heart, 1 lung, 6 kidney, 1 heart/kidney) with 100% sustained virological response at 12 weeks.
Daily reactivity to stress and sleep disturbances: unique risk factors for insomnia
Authors: Yoo Jiah , Slavish Danica , Dietch Jessica R , Kelly Kimberly , Ruggero Camilo , Taylor Daniel J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
To naturalistically measure sleep disturbances following stress exposure (i.e. sleep reactivity) and stress responses following sleep disturbances (i.e. stress reactivity) at the daily level and prospectively examine these reactivity measures as individual risk factors for insomnia.

Methods
The study assessed 392 nurses’ sleep and stress for 14 days using daily diaries and actigraphy. Self-reported insomnia symptoms were assessed at the end of the 14 days, as well as 6 and 11 months later.

Results
In multilevel modeling, while negative fixed effects indicated that shorter total sleep time (TST) and lower sleep efficiency led to greater stress and vice versa, significant random effects indicated individual variability in sleep reactivity and stress reactivity. In latent score change modeling, greater sleep reactivity (lower diary-determined sleep efficiency following greater stress) and greater stress reactivity (greater stress following shorter diary-determined TST) at baseline were associated with greater insomnia symptoms at 11 months (b = 10.34, p = .026; b = 7.83, p = .03). Sleep reactivity and stress reactivity also interacted to predict insomnia symptoms, such that sleep reactivity was significantly associated with insomnia symptoms for those with high (+1 SD) stress reactivity (b = 17.23, p = .001), but not for those with low (−1 SD) stress reactivity (b = 5.16, p = .315).

Conclusions
Baseline stress reactivity and sleep reactivity independently as well as jointly predict greater insomnia symptoms 11 months later. The findings delineate processes underlying the stress-diathesis model of insomnia and highlight the utility of longitudinal and naturalistic measures of sleep and stress reactivity.
Obesity and Gynecological Cancers: A Toxic Relationship
Authors: Wichmann Ignacio A. , Cuello Mauricio A. 
Published: October 2022

(Abstracted from Int J Gynecol Obstet 2021;155(suppl 1):123–134)
The World Health Organization classifies obesity as a noncommunicable pandemic, with approximately 650 million people affected globally in 2016 and 4.7 million people dying prematurely in 2017 because of obesity-related diseases. Among these obesity-related diseases are breast, uterine, cervical, and ovarian cancers in women.
Effect of Self-Monitoring of Blood Pressure on Diagnosis of Hypertension During Higher-Risk Pregnancy: The BUMP 1 Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Tucker Katherine L. , Mort Sam , Yu Ly-Mee , Campbell Helen , Rivero-Arias Oliver , Wilson Hannah M. , Allen Julie , Band Rebecca , Chisholm Alison , Crawford Carole , Dougall Greig , Engonidou Lazarina , Franssen Marloes , Green Marcus , Greenfield Sheila , Hinton Lisa , Hodgkinson James , Lavallee Layla , Leeson Paul , McCourt Christine , Mackillop Lucy , Sandall Jane , Santos Mauro , Tarassenko Lionel , Velardo Carmelo , Yardley Lucy , Chappell Lucy C. , McManus Richard J. ,   for the BUMP Investigators
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
(Abstracted from JAMA 2022;327:1656–1665
It is estimated that approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide in 2019 were affected by elevated blood pressure (BP). The United Kingdom has previously reported inadequate monitoring of elevated BP as a significant contributing factor to maternal death.
Preeclampsia
Authors: Magee Laura A. , Nicolaides Kypros H. , von Dadelszen Peter 
Published: October 2022

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2022;386:1817–1832)
Preeclampsia complicates 2% to 4% of all pregnancies globally and is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. As many as 46,000 maternal and 500,000 fetal deaths occur due to this condition, most in low- and middle-income countries.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Perinatal Outcomes Across the Pandemic at an Academic Medical Center in New York City
Authors: Seaton Christine Leinbach , Cohen Alexa , Henninger Erin M. , Gendlina Inessa , Hou Wei , Bernstein Peter S. , Duong Tim Q. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate perinatal complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy in the four major waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Bronx, New York.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included all patients who delivered at a single academic medical center between March 1, 2020, and February 13, 2022. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result during pregnancy. Primary outcomes were preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, cesarean delivery, and preeclampsia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Secondary analyses examined outcomes by predominant variant at the time of infection. Group differences in categorical variables were tested using χ2 tests.

RESULTS:
Of the 8,983 patients who delivered, 638 (7.1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Age, race, ethnicity, and major comorbidities did not differ significantly between the SARS-CoV-2–positive and SARS-CoV-2–negative cohorts (P>.05). Primary outcomes did not differ between the SARS-CoV-2–positive and SARS-CoV-2–negative cohorts (P>.05). There was a marked increase in positive SARS-CoV-2 test results in individuals who gave birth during the Omicron wave (140/449, 31.2%). However, among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, the preterm birth rate during the Omicron wave (9.9%) was significantly lower than during the original wave (20.3%) and the Alpha (18.4%) wave (P<.05). Vaccination rates were low before the Omicron wave and rose to 47.2% during the Omicron wave among individuals hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, second-trimester infection was significantly associated with worse perinatal outcomes compared with third-trimester infection (P<.05).

CONCLUSION:
There was a general trend toward improvement in preterm birth rates across the pandemic among pregnant patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Omicron variant was more infectious, but the preterm birth rate during the Omicron wave was low compared with that during the original wave and the Alpha wave.
Predictors of Deep Infection After Distal Femur Fracture: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Brodke Dane , O'Hara Nathan , Devana Sai , Hernandez Adolfo , Burke Cynthia , Gupta Jayesh , McKibben Natasha , O'Toole Robert , Morellato John , Gillon Hunter , Walters Murphy , Barber Colby , Perdue Paul , Dekeyser Graham , Steffenson Lillia , Marchand Lucas , Fairres Marshall James , Black Loren , Working Zachary , Roddy Erika , El Naga Ashraf , Hogue Matthew , Gulbrandsen Trevor , Atassi Omar , Mitchell Thomas , Shymon Stephen , Lee Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
To identify potentially modifiable risk factors for deep surgical site infection after distal femur fracture.

Design:
Multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Ten Level-I trauma centers.

Patients/Participants:
Patients with OTA/AO 33A or C distal femur fractures (n = 1107).

Intervention:
Surgical fixation of distal femur fracture.

Main Outcome Measurement:
The outcome of interest was deep surgical site infection.

Results:
There was a 7% rate (79/1107) of deep surgical site infection. In the multivariate analysis, predictive factors included alcohol abuse [odds ratio (OR) = 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17–4.46; P = 0.01], intra-articular injury (OR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.01–3.00; P = 0.05), vascular injury (OR = 3.90; 95% CI, 1.63–8.61; P < 0.01), the use of topical antibiotics (OR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25–0.92; P = 0.03), and the duration of the surgery (OR = 1.15 per hour; 95% CI, 1.01–1.30; P = 0.04). There was a nonsignificant trend toward an association between infection and type III open fracture (OR = 1.73; 95% CI, 0.94–3.13; P = 0.07) and lateral approach (OR = 1.60; 95% CI, 0.95–2.69; P = 0.07). The most frequently cultured organisms were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (22%), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (20%), and Enterobacter cloacae (11%).

Conclusions:
Seven percent of distal femur fractures developed deep surgical site infections. Alcohol abuse, intra-articular fracture, vascular injury, and increased surgical duration were risk factors, while the use of topical antibiotics was protective.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cervical Disk Arthroplasty
Authors: Shafi Karim , Kim Andrew G. , Qureshi Sheeraz 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Cervical disk arthroplasty (CDA) has emerged as a promising alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the management of cervical disk degeneration causing neurological symptoms. This manuscript and accompanying digital content demonstrate the senior author’s preferred surgical technique for a single-level CDA.

Methods:
CDA is performed using a standard, left-sided Smith Robinson approach. A complete discectomy is performed, with resection of the posterior longitudinal ligament and decompression of the neuroforamina bilaterally. Careful endplate preparation and trial is performed, and the final implant is impacted under a combination of direct visualization and fluoroscopy. Postoperatively, a soft collar is worn for comfort, and the patient is discharged on postoperative day 1 or 2.

Results:
This video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CLINSPINE/A254 presents the case of a 43-year old woman with mild cervical spondylosis with a paracentral disk herniation causing left C6 radiculopathy refractory to conservative measures. A C5-6 cervical disk arthroplasty was performed.

Conclusions:
CDA presents a motion-sparing alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and has the potential to reduce adjacent segment disease, though further studies are needed to fully determine its benefits and expanding indications. Careful patient selection and proper surgical technique, as demonstrated here, remain crucial in optimizing outcomes.
Validation of Conversion Factors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Lacosamide, Lamotrigine, and Levetiracetam in Dried Capillary Blood
Authors: Hagemann Anne , Klimpel Dennis , Schmitter Elisabeth , Bien Christian G. , Dufaux Bertin , May Theodor W , Brandt Christian 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Estimation of serum concentrations of antiseizure medications (ASMs) based on dried capillary blood is an alternative method for therapeutic drug monitoring of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to validate the conversion factors for lacosamide (LCM), lamotrigine (LTG), and levetiracetam (LEV), which were determined in an independent patient sample in a previous study, and identify the most accurate conversion method (simple ratio and regression).

Methods:
Venous and capillary blood samples were collected from adult inpatients with epilepsy treated with LCM (n = 25), LTG (n = 27), and/or LEV (n = 29) before the morning dose (T1) and approximately 2 hours after (T2). Capillary blood was collected using volumetric absorptive microsampling, and the ASM concentrations were measured using a validated liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method for dried blood samples. Serum concentrations were estimated using conversion factors and compared with those measured using routine laboratory methods.

Results:
For all 3 ASMs, the simple ratio approach performed better than the regression approach. Intraclass correlation coefficients revealed a high agreement between the estimated and measured serum concentrations (LCM T1: 0.93, T2: 0.90; LTG T1: 0.91, T2: 0.91; and LEV T1: 0.97, T2: 0.94). The criteria of the European Medicines Agency for cross-validation were fulfilled for LCM (T1: 72%; T2: 75%) and LEV (T1: 86%; T2: 75%), whereas for LTG, this was only true for capillary blood concentrations ≤11 µg/mL [42.9 µmol/L; T1: 72% (vs. 63% for total range), T2: 67% (vs. 62%)].

Conclusions:
Estimating serum concentrations using capillary blood concentrations is feasible and accurate for LCM and LEV over a wide concentration range, as found in clinical practice. The applicability of this mehod for LTG is limited by its greater variability at higher concentrations; however, acceptable results were achieved for the large proportion of patients with low and medium LTG concentrations.
Evaluating the hearing screening effectiveness of active noise cancellation technology among young adults: A pilot study
Authors: Cheng Hsiu-Lien , Han Ji-Yan , Chu Yuan-Chia , Cheng Yen-Fu , Lin Chia-Mei , Chiang Ming-Chang , Wu Shang-Liang , Lai Ying-Hui , Liao Wen-Huei 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The population of young adults who are hearing impaired increases yearly, and a device that enables convenient hearing screening could help monitor their hearing. However, background noise is a critical issue that limits the capabilities of such a device. Therefore, this study evaluated the effectiveness of commercial active noise cancellation (ANC) headphones for hearing screening applications in the presence of background noise. In particular, six confounders were used for a comprehensive evaluation.

Methods:
We enrolled 12 young adults (a total of 23 ears with normal hearing) to participate in this study. A cross-sectional self-controlled study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of hearing screening in the presence of background noise, with a total of 240 test conditions (=3 ANC models × 2 ANC function statuses × 2 noise types × 5 noise levels × 4 frequencies) for each test ear. Subsequently, a linear regression model was used to prove the effectiveness of ANC headphones for hearing screening applications in the presence of background noise with six confounders.

Results:
The experimental results showed that, on average, the ANC function of headphones can improve the effectiveness of hearing screening tasks in the presence of background noise. Specifically, the statistical analysis showed that the ANC function enabled a significant 10% improvement (p < 0.001) compared with no ANC function.

Conclusion:
This study confirmed the effectiveness of ANC headphones for young adult hearing screening applications in the presence of background noise. Furthermore, the statistical results confirmed that as confounding variables, noise type, noise level, hearing screening frequency, ANC headphone model, and sex all affect the effectiveness of the ANC function. These findings suggest that ANC is a potential means of helping users obtain high-accuracy hearing screening results in the presence of background noise. Moreover, we present possible directions of development for ANC headphones in future studies.