bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical recommendations on room sizes for hospitalised newborn infants and their families based on a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Zana‐Taïeb Elodie , Sizun Jacques , Kuhn Pierre , Reynaud Audrey ,   GREEN study group from the French Neonatal Society
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimNeonatal unit design may affect the neurodevelopment of hospitalised neonates and the well‐being of parents and healthcare staff (HCS). We aimed to provide recommendations regarding the minimum area required for a hospital room for a single neonate and their family.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Web of Science for relevant articles published from 1 January 2011 to 1 May 2021 by using the keywords NICU and facility design. Recommendations were developed after internal and external review by a multidisciplinary group including 15 professionals and parent representatives.ResultsWe identified 314 studies and developed six recommendations from four eligible studies. Recommendations for room size were developed according to three perspectives: opinions of users, who emphasised the need for a spacious room; proposals of organisations by HCS, which advocated for a minimum floor area of 11.2–18 m2 in a single non‐family room and 15.3–24 m2 in a single‐family room; and simulation methods indicating that the minimum floor area in the neonatal unit should be 18.5–24 m2.ConclusionUnits need to provide a minimum room size to allow for optimal newborn development and a better experience for parents and caregivers.
Episodic future thinking and anticipatory emotions: Effects on delay discounting and preventive behaviors during COVID‐19
Authors: Wang X. T. (XiaoTian) , Wang Peng , Lu Junsong , Zhou Jianjun , Li Grunting , Garelik Steven 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe examined the effects of anticipatory emotions induced by episodic future thinking on the basic decision‐process of delay discounting and preventive behaviors during the most stringent COVID‐19 “lockdown” period in China. We define anticipatory emotions as any discrete emotions induced from anticipating decision outcomes and felt during decision‐making. In an online study conducted with healthy volunteers, anticipatory emotions were induced and appraised by asking participants to rate various emotions they feel when thinking they may be infected by COVID‐19 (N = 246). The participants in the control group reported their present emotions during the COVID‐19 pandemic (N = 245). Compared with the control group, the participants in the anticipatory emotion group had a higher future‐oriented preference for monetary rewards, with a significantly lower delay discounting rate. These participants also had a higher intention to engage in proactive, preventive behaviors. The likelihood estimate of being infected by COVID‐19 mediated these effects. Moreover, anticipatory disgust increased the preference for larger‐and‐later rewards. Anticipatory emotions induced by future thinking guide fast and rational decision‐making in a health crisis.
Early cognitive intervention using mediated learning for preschoolers with developmental delay: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Keung Alice Yuen‐ching , Ho Vania Fai‐ling , Shum Kathy Kar‐man 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe use of mediated learning in cognitive training has been shown to be effective in enhancing students’ cognitive development. Nonetheless, its effects on language development are less explored.AimsThis study examined the effects of an early cognitive intervention (Think Bright program) in enhancing the cognitive and language development of Hong Kong preschoolers with developmental delay.MethodSixty‐eight children (48 boys and 20 girls; mean age = 58 months) with developmental delay were recruited from preschool rehabilitation centres and randomized to two groups (Think Bright training vs. active control). Each child in the Think Bright group received 12 sessions of 1‐hr individual training on thinking skills over 6 months. The control group received the same amount of training based on the regular training regimen adopted at the rehabilitation centres.ResultsAfter a 6‐month intervention, the Think Bright group significantly outperformed the control group in language, general cognition, analogical thinking, sequential thinking, and logical reasoning. The Think Bright teachers’ mediation skills significantly improved during the course of intervention and correlated moderately with the improvement in students’ language abilities.ConclusionThis study has shown promising results on the effectiveness of using mediated learning in early cognitive intervention in enhancing both the cognitive and language development of preschoolers with developmental delay.
The history of the history of learning disability
Authors: Jarrett Simon , Tilley Elizabeth 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article traces and summarises historiographical trends in the history of learning disability. It identifies three major waves of historical approaches beginning with a medicalised analysis which emerged in the early 20th century. This presented a story of medical progress which began with the asylum movement of the 19th century and represented ‘idiots’ as creatures of the asylum and objects of the medicalised gaze. In the 1990s a new social history challenged these assumptions, focusing on the iniquities of institutionalisation and the eugenics period, while attempting to give a voice to people with learning disabilities and their families in their own history. A cultural history movement later emerged to challenge the idea of learning disability as a fixed universal concept over time. It argued that the idea of learning disability (in all its different linguistic iterations) is contingent on time and place, and a product of the culture within which it is framed. Not all work fits neatly into one of these categories, sometimes they overlap and sometimes they cannot be easily categorised. Nevertheless, these broad frames of reference within the historiography of learning disability do point to wider social, cultural and political concerns, which are worth holding in mind as we consider how the ‘work’ of history can and does act to inform attitudes, policy‐making and change. The authors describe the encouraging recent emergence of historian activists who seek to write and define their own history, and who may constitute a fourth wave in the historiography of learning disability.
Inhibition of chemically and mechanically activated Piezo1 channels as a mechanism for ameliorating atherosclerosis with salvianolic acid B
Authors: Pan Xianmei , Wan Rentao , Wang Yuman , Liu Silin , He Yu , Deng Bo , Luo Shangfei , Chen Yuan , Wen Lizhen , Hong Tianying , Xu Han , Bian Yifei , Xia Mingfeng , Li Jing 
Published: February 2022

Background and PurposeSalvianolic acid B (SalB) is effective for treating cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unclear. Mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels play important roles in vascular biology, although their pharmacological properties are poorly defined. Here, we aimed to identify novel Piezo1 inhibitors and gain insights into their mechanisms of action.Experimental ApproachIntracellular Ca2+ ions were measured in HUVECs, murine liver endothelial cells (MLECs), THP‐1 and RAW264.7 cell lines and bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs). Isometric tensions in mouse thoracic aorta were recorded. Shear‐stress assays with HUVECs were conducted. Patch‐clamp recordings with mechanical stimulation were performed with HUVECs in whole‐cell mode. Foam cell formation was induced by treating BMDMs with oxidised LDL (oxLDL). Atherosclerotic plaque assays were performed with Ldlr−/− and Piezo1 genetically depleted mice on a high‐fat diet.Key ResultsSalvianolic acid B inhibited Yoda1‐induced Ca2+ influx in HUVECs and MLECs. Similar results were observed in macrophage cell lines and BMDMs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that salvianolic acid B inhibited Yoda1‐ and mechanically activated currents. Salvianolic acid B suppressed Yoda1‐induced aortic ring relaxation and inhibited HUVECs alignment in the direction of shear stress. Additionally, Yoda1 enhanced the formation of foam cells, which was reversed by salvianolic acid B. Salvianolic acid B also inhibited formation of atherosclerotic plaques and was insensitive to Piezo1 genetic depletion.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur study provides novel mechanistic insights into the inhibitory role of salvianolic acid B against Piezo1 channels and improves our understanding of salvianolic acid B in preventing atherosclerotic lesions.
Parental experiences of caring for children who have learning disabilities and procedural anxiety in hospital: An interpretive phenomenological study
Authors: Murdoch Lauren , Chang Yan‐Shing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren with learning disabilities (LD) are more likely to have health conditions that require hospital attendance than children without LD. Like all children, they can experience fear and distress related to procedural anxiety. Parents play a key role in managing procedural anxiety in children with LD. No previous published qualitative studies have explored parental experiences of caring for a child with LD and procedural anxiety in hospital.ObjectivesTo explore how parents experienced caring for their child with LD and procedural anxiety in hospital.MethodsA purposive sample of six participants were recruited through a Facebook group for parents of children with LD. Remote semi‐structured interviews were conducted via telephone, Microsoft Teams or Whatsapp. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsFive key themes were generated: (1) Emotional toll: parents characterized their experiences as highly emotional; reporting feeling stressed, anxious and worried. (2) Restraint and holding: parents spoke of their experiences of restraint which was largely viewed as negative and sometimes inappropriate. (3) Advocacy: parents articulated their responsibility as advocates for their children. (4) Going it alone: parents were extremely proactive in managing their child's anxieties but some also felt highly‐pressurized and isolated. (5) Inconsistency and uncertainty: parents experienced inconsistency and uncertainty in their children's care from healthcare professionals which led to anxiety and frustration.ConclusionParents of children with both LD and procedural anxiety experienced many challenges. Parents' expertise must be utilized by clinicians when caring for children with LD and procedural anxiety whilst ensuring appropriate support for parents. Nurses require specific training in psychosocial interventions to enhance care for children with LD and procedural anxiety. Further research identifying effective nursing strategies to enhance parental experiences would be beneficial to improve care to this patient group.
Implementation of music in colorectal perioperative standard care—barriers and facilitators among patients and healthcare professionals
Authors: Kakar Ellaha , van Ruler Oddeke , van Straten Bram , Hoogteijling Bas , de Graaf Eelco J. R. , Ista Erwin , Lange Johan F. , Jeekel Johannes , Klimek Markus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimPerioperative anxiety and pain are still prevalent among patients undergoing surgery. Inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer patients are known to have higher anxiety rates than the general population. Perioperatively applied music intervention has been proven to be effective in reducing perioperative anxiety and pain, resulting in a decrease of intra‐operative sedative use, postoperative opioid requirement and neurohormonal stress response. IMPROVE evaluates the adherence to music intervention in colorectal perioperative standard care during systematic implementation.MethodThe Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used for implementation in three steps. This study addresses the first step in which barriers and facilitators for implementing perioperative music were identified by surveying patients who underwent colorectal surgery and healthcare professionals involved in perioperative care. Also, perioperative anxiety scores were assessed and data on perioperative pain was collected from the patients’ medical records.ResultsFifty patients and 69 professionals (response rate 68.3%) were surveyed. For patients, all domains of the CFIR were facilitating implementation. The median reported preoperative and postoperative anxiety scores were 4.5 (1.0–7.0) and 3.0 (1.0–5.75) respectively. The median postoperative pain score on the first postoperative day was 2.8 (2.0–3.7). Also, for professionals most domains were facilitating, except for some factors related to work climate and culture among nurses.ConclusionsIn this study it was identified that facilitating factors for implementing music in standard perioperative care were more prominent in both patients and healthcare professionals and therefore successful implementation is probable. Also, this study provides a guideline for assessing facilitators and barriers in other settings.
Dermal lipofibromatosis‐like neural tumor
Authors: Llamas‐Velasco Mar , Itlinger‐Monshi Babak , Flucke Uta , Mentzel Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLipofibromatosis‐like neural tumor (LPF‐NT) is a rare soft tissue typically occurring in the subcutis, characterized by a cellular proliferation of CD34‐ and S100‐protein positive spindle‐shaped tumor cells with an infiltrative growth pattern.ObjectiveTo describe five cases arising mainly in the dermis in order to expand their morphologic spectrum.MethodsH&E slides were reviewed, and all cases were stained for CD34, SOX10, S100, ALK, and NTRK1 and some of them with additional staining.ResultsPatients were three males and two females with a mean age of 44.8 years (14–68 years). Histopathologically, all cases were characterized by a dense dermal infiltration by monomorphous, mildly atypical, plump to spindle‐shaped tumor cells, staining diffusely positive for CD34, S100, and NTRK1 but were negative for S100, EMA, NKIC3, MNF116, SMA, ALK, and desmin.LimitationsLimited clinical information.ConclusionLPL‐NT can be located mainly in the dermis. Sixty percent of our cases showed typical areas of LPL‐NT intermingled with more plump cells like the ones in fibrous hamartoma of infancy. We recommend a panel of CD34, S100, and NTRK1 antibodies not only in subcutaneous spindle cell neoplasms but also in the ones predominantly involving the dermis in order to make an accurate diagnosis.
Transactional longitudinal relations between accuracy and reaction time on a measure of cognitive flexibility at 5, 6, and 7 years of age
Authors: Dumont Émilie , Castellanos‐Ryan Natalie , Parent Sophie , Jacques Sophie , Séguin Jean R. , Zelazo Philip David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhereas accuracy is used as an indicator of cognitive flexibility in preschool‐age children, reaction time (RT), or a combination of accuracy and RT, provide better indices of performance as children transition to school. Theoretical models and cross‐sectional studies suggest that a speed‐accuracy tradeoff may be operating across this transition, but the lack of longitudinal studies makes this transition difficult to understand. The current study explored the longitudinal and bidirectional associations between accuracy and RT on the DCCS (mixed block) at 5, 6, and 7 years of age using cross‐lagged panel analyses. The study also examined the roles of working memory and language, as potential longitudinal mediators between RT at Time X and accuracy at Time X + 1, and explored the role of inhibitory control. The sample consisted of 425 children from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development. Results show lagged associations from slower RT to greater improvements in accuracy between 5 and 6 years and between 6 and 7 years. Further, higher accuracy at 6 years predicted faster RT at 7 years. Only working memory acted as a partial mediator between RT at 5 years and accuracy at 6 years. These results provide needed longitudinal evidence to support theoretical claims that slower RT precedes improved accuracy in the development of cognitive flexibility, that working memory may be involved in the early stage of this process, and that accuracy and reaction time become more efficient in later stages of this process.
Beyond rich and poor: Identifying global development constellations
Authors: Hackenesch Christine , Koch Svea , Ziaja Sebastian 
Published: February 2022

SummaryMotivationThe COVID‐19 pandemic is the most recent instance of global development problems being liable to occur anywhere, challenging the assumption of a world divided into “developed” and “developing” countries. Recent scholarship has increasingly opted for the term “global development” to capture this changing geography of development problems.PurposeOur article contributes to these debates by proposing a novel empirical approach to localize global development problems in country contexts worldwide.Methods and approachOur approach rests on a universal understanding of “development.” We identify countries that are particularly relevant for global problem‐solving and consider not only the problem dimension but also countries' capacities to address these problems.FindingsOur results show that countries with the most severe combinations of problems cover a range as broad as Afghanistan, Nigeria, and the United States. Two thirds of countries with above‐average contributions to global problems are governed by authoritarian regimes. We also find that middle income countries, whether lower‐middle or upper‐middle as defined by the World Bank, have little in common apart from their income level.Policy implicationsOur analysis shows that traditional development concepts of a binary world order and of foreign aid as financial transfer to remedy imbalances are not enough to address constellations of global problems and capacity that have long evolved beyond rich and poor.
Short‐ and long‐term outcome and predictors in an international cohort of patients with neuro‐COVID‐19
Authors: Beghi Ettore , Helbok Raimund , Ozturk Serefnur , Karadas Omer , Lisnic Vitalie , Grosu Oxana , Kovács Tibor , Dobronyi Levente , Bereczki Daniel , Cotelli Maria Sofia , Turla Marinella , Davidescu Eugenia Irene , Popescu Bogdan Ovidiu , Valzania Franco , Cavallieri Francesco , Ulmer Hanno , Maia Luis F. , Amodt Anne Hege , Armon Carmel , Brola Waldemer , Victoria Gryb , Riahi Anis , Krehan Ingomar , von Oertzen Tim , Azab Mohammed A , Crean Michael , Lolich Maria , Lima Maria João , Sellner Johann , Perneczky Julian , Jenkins Tom , Meoni Sara , Bianchi Elisa , Moro Elena , Bassetti Claudio L. A. ,   the ENERGY Study Group
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeDespite the increasing number of reports on the spectrum of neurological manifestations of COVID‐19 (neuro‐COVID), few studies have assessed short‐ and long‐term outcome of the disease.MethodsThis is a cohort study enrolling adult patients with neuro‐COVID seen in neurological consultation. Data were collected prospectively or retrospectively in the European Academy of Neurology NEuro‐covid ReGistrY ((ENERGY). The outcome at discharge was measured using the modified Rankin Scale and defined as ‘stable/improved’ if the modified Rankin Scale score was equal to or lower than the pre‐morbid score, ‘worse’ if the score was higher than the pre‐morbid score. Status at 6 months was also recorded. Demographic and clinical variables were assessed as predictors of outcome at discharge and 6 months.ResultsFrom July 2020 to March 2021, 971 patients from 19 countries were included. 810 (83.4%) were hospitalized. 432 (53.3%) were discharged with worse functional status. Older age, stupor/coma, stroke and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were predictors of worse outcome at discharge. 132 (16.3%) died in hospital. Older age, cancer, cardiovascular complications, refractory shock, stupor/coma and ICU admission were associated with death. 262 were followed for 6 months. Acute stroke or ataxia, ICU admission and degree of functional impairment at discharge were predictors of worse outcome. 65/221 hospitalized patients (29.4%) and 10/32 non‐hospitalized patients (24.4%) experienced persisting neurological symptoms/signs. 10/262 patients (3.8%) developed new neurological complaints during the 6 months of follow‐up.ConclusionsNeuro‐COVID is a severe disease associated with worse functional status at discharge, particularly in older subjects and those with comorbidities and acute complications of infection.
Higher temperature sensitivity of flowering than leaf‐out alters the time between phenophases across temperate tree species
Authors: Geng Xiaojun , Fu Yongshuo H. , Piao Shilong , Hao Fanghua , De Boeck Hans J. , Zhang Xuan , Chen Shouzhi , Guo Yahui , Prevéy Janet S. , Vitasse Yann , Peñuelas Josep , Janssens Ivan A. , Stenseth Nils Chr. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aims of this study were to evaluate the changes in the length of the time period between leaf‐out and flowering across temperate tree species, and associate these changes with potential physiological and environmental drivers to enhance mechanistic insight into these phenomena.LocationCentral Europe.Time period1980–2016.Major taxa studiedSix temperate woody species.MethodsStatistical analyses were carried out based on long‐term ground observations of both spring leaf‐out and flowering across temperate tree species during 1980–2016, a period characterized by rapid warming.ResultsThe temperature sensitivity of flowering (−5.4 ± 0.04 days/℃, mean ± SE) was higher than that of leaf‐out (−4.6 ± 0.04 days/℃) across all species, regardless of whether leaf‐out occurred before or after flowering. This study postulates a hypothesis attributing the different temperature sensitivities to different thermal sensitivities, thermal requirements, and photoperiodic controls.Main conclusionsThe larger temperature sensitivity of flowering than leaf‐out resulted in an extended time period between flowering and leaf‐out in species that bloom before leafing out, but a shorter time period between these phenophases in species with the opposite strategy. We would like to emphasize the importance of changes in time period between different phenophases, and we recommend conducting experimental research to reveal the underlying mechanisms of plant phenology response to climate change, and to explore its potential ecological implications.
THE VIEW FROM 1933: ERNST TOLLER'S EINE JUGEND IN DEUTSCHLAND AS EXILE LITERATURE – ON THE FINAL AMENDMENTS BEFORE PUBLICATION OF THE BOOK EDITION
Authors: Langemeyer Peter 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTUntil now it has in the main only been possible to identify the changes that Toller made to Eine Jugend in Deutschland during his exile by comparing the two book editions. This showed that Toller's edits were restricted to the paratexts. The two complete text versions that have recently been rediscovered – one typescript in the Bavarian State Library in Munich and one copy in the Berner Tagwacht, which represent stages of the text that are older than the book version – make it possible for the first time to verify larger edits that Toller introduced for the first book edition. This article shows that the changes made by Toller after the publication of the first book edition, which, as Wolfgang Frühwald asserted, shifted ‘die Akzente von der literarisch‐ästhetischen Ebene stärker auf die kämpferisch‐propagandistische’, continue a tendency that can in fact be dated back to the months or even weeks immediately before the publication of the book. It is not only the second edition of Eine Jugend in Deutschland that can be identified as a ‘book of exile’, as researchers maintained because of the absence of complete preliminary versions, but also the first edition; the ‘Blick 1933’ characterises both the introduction and the main body of the work.