bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consistence Condition of Kernel Selection In Regular Linear Kernel Regression
Authors: WangChao  , LiBo  , LiuHuan  , PengPai  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Kernel regression is widely used in biology and economy, because it is more adaptable to complex laws than linear regression, and it has better interpretability than many methods in deep learning. In highdimensional area, l1-norm penalization is a common method for variable selection, which may be derived from the excellent performance of the lasso algorithm. Although it seems natural to generalize from consistency in variable selection to consistency in kernel selection, there are still many details that need to be taken seriously, e.g. the lower eigenvalue condition. The consistence condition of kernel selection in l1-norm regular linear kernel regression is given, including the prediction error. In simulation study, the consistency of different levels of λn and dimension of features is carefully checked. Finally, the kernel selection method was applied to high-risk area exploration of Covid-19, with the dataset provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). Declarations of interest:The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Fluid flow in a microfluidic paper-based porous substrate by capillary action
Authors: Allameh Samira , Rabbani Mohsen , Sadeghi Mahmood Reza 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Paper has a porous structure, and fluid imbibition in a paper channel is possible passively through the hydrophilic surfaces by capillary action, so it can be an appropriate substrate in the field of microfluidics. To realize the fluid behavior in a paper-based microchannel, there is a need to obtain a model for fluid flow. In this study, the capillary-driven flow in a porous structure was simulated, and the effect of geometrical and physical parameters on the wetted length and average fluid pressure was investigated. Geometric parameters are pores’ shape and size, channel dimensions, and porosity, while the investigated physical parameters were the contact angle, surface tension coefficient, and viscosity. According to the results, geometric parameters influenced the capillary pressure through the capillary surface and channel resistance variation, and physical parameters directly impacted the capillary pressure. Considering the wetted length results, the fluid imbibition velocity was fast at the beginning of the simulation and reached a constant value over time due to the increase in the flow resistance. The pressure drop was observed in the liquid phase suggesting the fluid flow from the higher pressure to the lower. The wetted-length equation was obtained based on geometrical and physical parameters. Finally, the proposed equation can be used to design and predict the liquid imbibition in porous channels.
Dynamic changes in coagulation, hematological and biochemical parameters as predictors of mortality in critically ill COVID–19 patients:a prospective observational study
Authors: Zlojutro Biljana , Jandric Milka , Momcicević Danica , Dragic Sasa , Kovacevic Tijana , Djajic Vlado , Stojiljkovic Milos P. , Skrbic Ranko , Djuric Dragan M. , Kovacevic Pedja 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This study was created to analyze dynamic alterations in coagulation, hematological and biochemical parameters and their association with mortality of COVID-19 patients.
Methods
The present study was a prospective, one-year-long observational study conducted during the period September 2020/September 2021 on all critically ill, COVID–19 patients with respiratory failure, admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) of the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska. The following data were collected: demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population, pre-existing comorbidities (cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, diabetes mellitus), coagulation, biochemical and hematological parameters. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who died (non-survivors).
Results
As much as 91 patients with median age 60 (50–67), 76.9% male, met the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) criteria. It was tested whether dynamic change (delta-Δ) of parameters (C-reactive protein-CRP, interleukin 6-IL-6, absolute lymphocyte count-Ly, fibrinogen, coagulation cascade factors: F II, factor II; F V, factor V, F X, factor X; F XI, factor XI; F XIII, factor XIII) that were found to be predictors of mortality is independently associated with poor outcome in patients. Adjusted (multivariate) analysis was used, where tested parameters were corrected for basic and clinical patients’ characteristics. The only inflammatory (biochemical and hematological) parameter which dynamic change had statistically significant odds ratio (OR) was ΔCRP (p < 0.005), while among coagulation parameters statistically significant OR was found for Δ fibrinogen (p < 0.005) in predicting mortality.
Conclusion
Coagulation, hematological and biochemical parameters' abnormalities are common in critically ill COVID–19 patients. Monitoring of these parameters and their dynamical changes can potentially improve management and predict mortality in critically ill COVID – 19 patients.
Demonstrating the importance of emissivity measurement in determining the doses of light sources on tissue mimicking materials such as Laser, IPL and LED
Authors: Durmuş Hüseyin Okan , Karaböce Baki , Seyidov MirHasan Yu. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Currently, a wide variety of low-power light sources such as IPL, LED, and laser are frequently used in therapy applications. In this study, irradiance values were calculated for different emissivity values using the temperature measurement results made in the agar phantom using low-power light sources such as IPL, LED, and laser. Based on the irradiance data, energy densities (J/cm2) were calculated as per the different emissivity coefficients and time durations, and the results were evaluated in terms of dose quantities given in the literature. We also present both the acoustic and optical characterizations of the agar phantom in detail. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated the importance of emissivity measurements in this study. Our findings explicitly suggest that emissivity measurement must be determined precisely to determine optical power density and/or energy density values; hence, doses can be applied based on these values.
Probing the rainfall time series over northeast India through composite and binary fuzzy relation
Authors: Devi Rashmi Rekha , Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The current work reports a binary fuzzy relation (BFR) based approach to have an insight into the behavior of rainfall over northeast India. A fuzzy set is a generalization of classical sets, where the characteristic function is generalized to membership function to get hold of the scenarios that cannot be explained within the confinement of dichotomy. A fuzzy relation deals with the degree of belongingness of an ordered pair to some given relation and the most convenient way of representing it through a membership matrix. In this work we have considered Pre monsoon \({(X}_{1})\), Summer monsoon \({(X}_{2})\), Post monsoon \({(X}_{3})\) and Annual \({(X}_{4})\)rainfall for the period 1871–2016 over North-East India. We have considered BFR for the pairs (\({X}_{1}\),\({X}_{2}\)), \(\left({X}_{2},{X}_{3}\right),\left({X}_{3},{X}_{4}\right),\left({X}_{2},{X}_{4}\right)\). It may be noted that in this work we have considered the conditional probabilities of the bivariate frequency distributions as the membership grades for the corresponding BFR. In the next phase we have generated composition of 2 BFR’s through fuzzy max-min relationships. In this way we have compared the membership grades of the BFRs and the composite BFR’s to understand the roles played by summer monsoon rainfall and post monsoon rainfall in the annual rainfall and the study has concluded through the fuzzy cardinalities associated with the composite BFRs.
Construction and Validation of an Immune-Related lncRNA Prognosis Model for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Hui , Deng Xia , Zhang Jing , Tang Wanyan , Wang Ling , You Wenxin , Nian Weiqi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the development of cancer. This study aimed to identify immune-related lncRNAs in thyroid cancer (THCA) and to develop a prognostic model for THCA. Method: We downloaded immune-related gene sets from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) website and obtained THCA gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune-related lncRNAs were then obtained by performing a correlation analysis on the expression of lncRNAs and immune-related genes. Prognostic model for THCA immune-related lncRNAs was developed though univariate Cox regression and multiple Cox regression analyses. We confirmed the results in clinical samples using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: A totally of 26 immune-related lncRNAs in THCA were obtained. Then we constructed a prognosis model composed of seven lncRNAs (LINC01614, AC017074.1, LINC01184, LINC00667, ACVR2B-AS1, AC090673.1 and LINC00900). Our model can be used as an independent prognostic factor. Principal component analysis displayed that the lncRNAs in the model can distinguish between high and low-risk groups. Clinical correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of AC090673.1 (P<0.05), LINC01184 (P<0.001), and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to disease stage, and LINC00900 (P<0.001) and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to T stage. We validated this model in cancer and paracancerous tissues from 24 THCA patients. Conclusion: We identified and experimentally validated seven immune-related lncRNAs that can serve as potential biomarkers for THCA prognosis.
COX-2/sEH dual inhibitor PTUPB attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of alveolar epithelial cells via Nrf2-mediated inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling
Authors: Zhang Chen-Yu , Guan Xin-Xin , Song Zhuo-Hui , Jiang Hui-Ling , Liu Yu-Biao , Chen Ping , Duan Jia-Xi , Zhou Yong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolites are involved in the pathogenesis of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). However, the role of ARA metabolism in the progression of EMT in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYP)/ soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolic disorders of ARA in EMT during PF.Methods: A signal intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM) was given to induce PF in C57BL/6J mice. A COX-2/sEH dual inhibitor PTUPB was used to establish the function of CYPs/COX-2 dysregulation to EMT in PF mice. In vitro experiments, murine alveolar epithelial cells (MLE12) and human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) were used to explore the roles and mechanisms of PTUPB on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced EMT. Results: PTUPB treatment reversed the increase of mesenchymal marker molecule α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the loss of epithelial marker molecule E-Cadherin in lung tissue of PF mice. In vitro, COX-2 and sEH protein levels were increased in TGF-β1-treated alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). PTUPB decreased the expression of α-SMA and restored the expression of E-cadherin in TGF-β1-treated AECs, accompanied by reduced migration and collagen synthesis. Moreover, PTUPB attenuates TGF-β1-Smad2/3 pathway activation in AECs via Nrf2 antioxidant cascade.Conclusion: PTUPB inhibits EMT in AECs via Nrf2-mediated inhibition of the TGF-β1-Smad2/3 pathway, which holds great promise for the clinical treatment of PF.
Mineralogy and geochemistry of hot spring deposits at Námafjall, Iceland: Analog for sulfate soils at Gusev crater, Mars
Authors: Carson George L. , McHenry Lindsay J. , Hynek Brian M. , Cameron Barry I. , Glenister Chase T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIceland’s Námafjall geothermal area exhibits a range of alteration environments. Geochemical and mineralogical analyses of fumaroles and hot springs interacting with Holocene basaltic lavas at Hverir, and with Pleistocene hyaloclastites atop nearby Námaskarð hill, reveal different patterns of alteration depending on water-rock ratio, degree of oxidation, and substrate composition and age. The focus of this study is on the mineral deposits at and near hot springs at Hverir and Námaskarð. Surface samples, and samples collected from shallow pits in the alteration aprons adjacent to hot springs, were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to constrain the differences in composition with both distance and depth. Fluids were analyzed in the field for their environmental parameters and sampled for cation and anion analysis. Fluid analyses revealed uniformly acidic conditions but with site-to-site variation in other parameters such as temperature, salinity, and conductivity. Solid phases identified include amorphous silica, pyrite, elemental sulfur, and kaolinite in the muds, surrounded by Fe2+-sulfate and then Fe3+-sulfate efflorescence, following a redox gradient pattern involving the oxidation of sulfur and then iron with increasing distance. Shallow pits excavated near two Námaskarð hot springs reveal a shallow oxidation front, with sulfide-rich materials below a thin surface of sulfates and elemental sulfur. Silica phases include amorphous silica and quartz. Quartz likely reflects diagenetic maturation of earlier-formed amorphous silica, under surface hydrothermal conditions.The high iron content of the substrate basalt and the prevalence of Fe-sulfates and Fe-oxides among the alteration products make this geothermal area an especially useful analog for potential martian hydrothermal environments. In particular, these sulfate-rich deposits adjacent to volcanic, acidic hot springs could provide a helpful comparison for sulfur-rich soils in the Columbia Hills on Mars, where some of the same minerals have been identified (e.g., ferricopiapite) or inferred (e.g., rhomboclase).
COVID-19 Mortality in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases: A Real
Concern
Authors: Al-Adhoubi Nasra K. , Ali Maha , Wahshi Humaid Al , Salmi Issa Al , Al-Balushi Farida , Lawati Talal Al , Mohammed Abeer , Muqbali Ahmed Al , Kalbani Hilal Al , Al-Abrawi Safiya , Khamis Faryal 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a worldwide pandemic that has devastated the world in a way that has not been witnessed since the Spanish Flu in 1918. In this study, we aim to investigate the outcomes of patients with rheumatic diseases infected with COVID-19 in Oman.

Methods:
A multi-center retrospective cohort study included patients with underlying rheumatolog-ical conditions and COVID-19 infection. Data were collected through the electronic record system and by interviewing the patients through a standard questionnaire.

Results:
113 patients with different rheumatic diseases were included with the following rheumato-logical diagnoses: rheumatoid arthritis (40.7%), systemic lupus erythematosus (23.1%), psoriatic arthritis (8%), Behcet's disease (7%), ankylosing spondylitis (6.2%), other vasculitides, including Kawasaki disease (4.4%), and other diagnoses (10.6%). The mean (SD) age of patients was 43 (14) years, and 82.3% were female. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by PCR test in 84.1% of the patients.
The most common symptoms at the time of presentation were fever (86%), cough (81%), headache (65%), and myalgia (60%). Hospitalization due to COVID-19 infection was reported in 24.1% of the patients, and 52.2% of these patients had received some form of treatment.
In this cohort, the intake of immunosuppressive and immunomodulating medications was reported in 91.1% of the patients. During the COVID-19 infection, 68% of the patients continued taking their medications. Comorbidities were present in 39.8% of the patients. Pregnancy was reported in 2% of the patients. The 30 days mortality rate was found to be 3.5%. Diabetes, obesity, and interstitial lung diseases (ILD) were the strongest risk factor for mortality (p-value 0.000, 0.000, and 0.001, re-spectively). Rituximab was given in 3.8 % of the patients, and it was significantly associated with increased mortality among the patients (p-value <0.001).

Conclusion:
COVID-19 infection in patients with rheumatic diseases have an increased mortality rate in comparison to the general population, with diabetes, morbid obesity, chronic kidney diseas-es, interstitial lung disease, cardiovascular disease, obstructive lung disease, and liver diseases as comorbidities being the most severe risk factors associated with death. Greater care should be pro-vided to this population, including the prompt need for vaccination.
Interplay between Accounting and Prudential Regulation
Authors: Bertomeu Jeremy , Mahieux Lucas , Sapra Haresh 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
We develop a model in which accounting information and prudential regulation interact to affect banks’ incentives to originate loans. Prudential regulators impose capital requirements to prevent banks from taking excessive risk. However, regulators cannot commit to ex ante efficient intervention and, instead, respond to ex post accounting information. We show that capital requirements and accounting measurement are substitutes when considered separately. By contrast, when considered jointly, accounting measurement and capital requirements are complementary tools that affect the level and efficiency of credit decisions. Comparative statics link capital requirements, quality of accounting information, and regulatory intervention to credit market conditions. An upshot of our analysis is that by appropriately optimizing the information from expected loss models, prudential regulators may design looser capital requirements to spur more bank lending.
JEL Classifications: G21; G28; M41; M48.
Analisis Jeda dalam Percakapan Laki-Laki dan Perempuan dalam Tanya Jawab tentang Pernikahan Mewah
Authors: Felicia Felicia 
Published: April 2022

Marriage is one of the interesting topics to be discussed, especially among young people. Perception of marriage in modern times may differ from the views of marriage 10 or 20 years ago. This study analyzes conversations in interviews with male and female students of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of Indonesia. In the interview process, the researcher found a gap in both male and female respondents. Weddings in Indonesia are generally carried out according to certain customs and cultures, so it is interesting to examine how young people in their 20s view marriage. The pauses studied in this study are in the form of interjections such as hmm, aaaa or silence. Silence is considered a pause if the respondent does not provide an answer within 1 second. The pauses that arise in discussions related to marriage can be an indication of the respondent's knowledge of the trends and customs that are followed. Therefore, the research problem raised in this study is the role of pauses in the interview process. This study aims to analyze the presence of pauses and compare it between male and female respondents. The data in this study were obtained by using the listening and recording methods without the researcher getting directly involved. Participants know that their conversation is being recorded. This study involved 3 participants, 1 male participant and 1 female participant as respondents, and 1 female participant as the questioner. The recording of questions and answers with participants was then processed using the ELAN tool and observed pauses between propositions. One of the findings of this study is that pauses appear as an indication of the transition from one proposition to the next.
English Reading Materials in Vocational High School: A Need Analysis
Authors: Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Asi Natalina , Karani Elanneri 
Published: April 2022

This research elucidates the students’ needs through need analysis in the context of vocational high school. Need analysis had been considered as the crucial factor and an integral part of establishing an ESP course as it is only through the process of need analysis researchers, course designers, and material developers are able to determine and refine the content for an ESP course that meets the learners’ need. This research was conducted online in Kapuas Regency. Therefore, the participants of the study are students of Agriculture program in some SMK in Kapuas Regency. They are SMKN 3 Kuala Kapuas, SMKN 4 Kuala Kapuas, SMKN 1 Bataguh, SMKN 1 Kapuas Murung, SMKN 1 Mantangai, SMKN 2 Mantangai, SMKS Bethel Kaladan, SMKN 1 Timpah. The research was descriptive quantitative research The writer used random sampling method. The data were gathered from research participants via questionnaire in order to analyze the students’ need in learning English especially for reading. The questionnaire was based on the Hutchinson & Waters' model of Needs Analysis. The results of the research indicated that English language teaching should be taught in specific ways and materials. The literacy rate of students in vocational high schools in Kapuas regency was still quite low. The students also rarely to improve their receptive skills rather than productive skills. furthermore, the grammar was learnt inductively. Besides that, the average level of English proficiency of the students was at beginner level. In addition, the amount of English vocabulary about agriculture was about less than 100 words and the rest of students had 100-500 words. The students also had some problems in reading.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF COMPANY NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND RELIGIOSITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE BETWEEN LEARNING ORIENTATION AND COMPANY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Sanjaya Vicky F 
Published: April 2022

This study aims to see the mediating role of non-financial performance between learning orientation and financial performance. Furthermore religiosity has a moderating role between learning orientation and non-financial performance. No relevant profit theory and still limited research that saw the company's performance from both sides of the financial and non-financial to be a gap for doing research. The sample in this study is small and medium enterprises (SMEs) domiciled in Indonesia country. Research method using a Partial Least Square (PLS) 3. The results of this study indicate that the orientation of learning has a positive and significant impact on company financial performance and company non-financial companies. Religiosity has a moderating role strengthen the relationship learning orientation and non-financial performance. Furthermore, this study also gives results that company non-financial performance mediates some of the relationship between learning orientation to company financial performance. Keywords : learning orientation, company financial performance, company non-financial performance, religiosity, SMEs.