bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study The Mechanism of Huangdi Anxiao Capsules In The Treatment of T2DM of Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE Combined With Network Pharmacological
Authors: Zhang Wei , Shan Li , Zhu Meng Qing , Fang Zhao Hui , Liu Xiao Chuang , Gao Jia Rong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study was to explore the main material basis, target and pathway of Huangdi Anxiao capsule (HDAXC) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE and network pharmacology. In this study, HDAXC was administrated to T2DM rats, and its serum were detected by UPLC- Q-TOF-MSE, and the prototype components of HDAXC were analyzed. Using Swiss target prediction database to predict the target of serum prototype components, using GeneCards and DrugBack database to predict the target of T2DM. These common targets are the prediction target of HDAXC acting on T2DM. The key components of HDAXC in the treatment of T2DM were determined by using the software of Cytoscape3.7.2 to visualize the results. Using the STRING online platform to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI), the key target genes were selected. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the common targets were carried out by using the OmicShare tools. And quantitative PCR and Western bolt were used to verify the related target genes. A toll of 28 prototype compounds were detected in rat serum, and 495 putative identified target genes were screened from HDAXC, of which 141 overlapped with the targets of T2DM and were considered potential therapeutic targets. The analysis of the network results showed that the key components of HDAXC are Magnoflorine, Galangin, Quercetin, and Epiberberine, etc. VEGFA, AKT1, SRC, EGFR might be the key target genes of HDAXC in the treatment of T2DM. HDAXC may have a therapeutic effect on T2DM by affecting HIF-1 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, VEGFA signaling pathway and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In this study, compounds absorbed into the blood of HDAXC and its action target and pathway were preliminarily analyzed, which provided evidences for clarifying the chemical material basis and researching functional mechanism of HDAXC.
The Grapefruit Flavonoid Naringenin Inhibits Multiple Cardiac Ion Channels
Authors: Sanson Camille , Boukaiba Rachid , Houtmann Sylvie , Maizières Magali-Anne , Fouconnier Sophie , Partiseti Michel , Bohme Georg Andrees 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Drinking fresh grapefruit juice is associated with a significant prolongation of the QT segment on the electrocardiogram (ECG) in healthy volunteers. Among the prominent flavonoids contained in citrus fruits, the flavanone naringenin is known to be a blocker of the human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) potassium channel. We hypothesized that naringenin could interfere with other major ion channels shaping the cardiac ventricular action potential (AP). To this end, we examined the effects of naringenin on the seven currents comprising the Comprehensive in vitro Pro-Arrhythmia (CiPA) panel for early arrhythmogenic risk assessment in drug discovery and development. We used automated patch-clamp of human ion channels heterologously expressed in mammalian cell lines to evaluate half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50). Naringenin blocked all CiPA currents tested with IC50 values in the 30 µM – 100 µM concentration-range. The rank-order of channel sensitivity was the following: hERG > Kir2.1 > NaV1.5 late > NaV1.5 peak > KV7.1 > KV4.3 > CaV1.2. This multichannel inhibitory profile of naringenin suggests exercising caution when large amounts of grapefruit juice or other citrus juices enriched in this flavanone are drunk in conjunction with QT prolonging drugs or by carriers of congenital long QT syndromes.
Relationship Between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake on Positron Emission Tomography and Aortic Calcification
Authors: Okamura Yuriko , Nakanishi Rine , Hashimoto Hidenobu , Ota Kyoko , Okubo Ryo , Yabe Takayuki , Noike Ryota , Mizumura Sunao , Kishi Kazuma , Homma Sakae , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
IntroductionAlthough 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been widely utilized to assess the extent of inflammation, the association between the extent and severity of atherosclerosis and 18F-FDG uptake on PET remains unexamined. The current study aimed to investigate whether aortic calcium (AC) scores were associated with increased aortic uptake of 18F-FDG on PET.MethodsA total of 167 consecutive patients with suspected lung cancer but unproven malignancy who underwent non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and 18F-FDG PET/CT were enrolled. The average standardized uptake values in the ascending aorta was used to calculate the target-to-background ratio (Mean TBR). The total (thoracic and abdominal) AC scores were measured on non-contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT using the Agatston method, and were categorized into three groups (0, 1–399, and ≥400). The relationship between total AC scores and 18F-FDG uptake in the ascending aorta was assessed using multivariate linear regression analysis.　ResultsIn total, 68.26% were male, and a mean age was 67.10±14.70 years. Mean TBR values increased progressively with total AC score 0, 1–399, and ≥400 (1.01±0.07, 1.08±0.09, and 1.11±0.11, respectively; p<0.00001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that increased total AC scores of 1–399 (β=0.06, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, p=0.02) and ≥400 (β=0.11, 95% CI: 0.06–0.16, p<0.001) were significantly associated with higher Mean TBR. ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated that total AC scores were associated with Mean TBR. Patients with a greater extent and severity of aortic calcifications may possess increased atherosclerotic inflammatory activity as measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT.
Metabolic and Texture Features of PET/CT Scan to Predict Response in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Treated by Concurrent Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: aarabi mhsen , shayesteh sajad pashutan , Alikhassi Afsaneh , Esfahani Armaghan Fard , Geramifar Parham , Bitarafan-Rajabi Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) before surgical resection is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Radiomics can be used as noninvasive biomarker for response prediction. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential of PET/CT texture features to predict the responses of LARC subjects treated with nCRT.Methods: One week prior to nCRT, patients underwent Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) scan and then received concurrent nCRT. For each patient, intensity, shape and texture-based features were derived from PET/CT images using the IBEX software. The logistic regression classifier was used to identify the responders from non-responders. Results: In this study, 23 patients with LARC were included. The patients’ responses included 5 patients with Grade 0, 7 with Grade 1, 6 with Grade 2, and 5 with Grade 3 according to American Joint Committee on Cancer/College of American Pathologists (AJCC/CAP) pathologic grading. In quantitative texture features analysis, the dissimilarity feature had the highest performance [Area under Curve (AUC) = 0.65] and in metabolic parameters analysis the best performance was for total lesion glycolysis (TLG; AUC= 0.61)Conclusions: In conclusion, performance of quantitative texture features is better than metabolic parameters but their performance should be improved.
Multi-year Use of the Standard Gauge Railway Underpasses by Mammals in Tsavo, Kenya: Influence of Underpass Dimensions, Infrastructure and Ecology
Authors: Lala Fredrick , Chiyo Patrick I. , Omondi Patrick , Okita-Ouma Benson , Kanga Erustus , Koskei Michael , Tiller Lydia , Morris Aaron W. , Bump Joseph K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rail and road infrastructure is essential for economic growth and development but can cause a gradual loss in biodiversity and degradation of ecosystem function and services. We assessed influence of underpass dimensions, fencing, proximity to water and roads, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), presence of other species and livestock on underpass use by large and medium-sized mammals. Results revealed hyenas and leopards used the underpasses more than expected whereas giraffes and antelopes used the underpasses less than expected. Generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) revealed that underpass height influenced their use by wildlife, with several species preferring to use taller underpasses. Electric fencing increased underpass use by funneling species towards underpasses, except for elephants and black-backed jackal for which it reduced underpass passage. GLMMs also revealed that the use of underpasses by livestock reduced the probability of their use by nearly 50% of wildlife species. Carnivore species were more likely to cross underpasses used by their prey. Buffalo, livestock, and hyenas used underpasses with higher NDVI and near water sources while baboons, dik-diks and antelope avoided underpasses with high NDVI. The findings suggest a need for diverse, and comprehensive approach for mitigating the negative impacts of rail on African wildlife.
TRPM8 Deficiency Attenuates Liver Fibrosis Through S100A9-HNF4α Signaling
Authors: Liu Qiang , Lei Xiaohua , Cao Zhenyu , Zhang Ju , Yan Likun , Fu Jie , Tong Qing , Qin Wei , Shao Yaoli , Liu Chun , Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Zicheng , Chu Yuan , Xu Ge , Liu Siyuan , Wen Xueyi , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Mori Masaki , Liang Xin. M. , Xu Xundi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Liver fibrosis represent a major global health care burden. Data emerging from recent advances have suggested TRPM8, a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ion channels, plays an essential role in various chronic inflammatory diseases. However, its role in liver fibrosis remains unknown. Herein, we assessed the potential effect of TRPM8 in liver fibrosis.
Methods

The effect of TRPM8 was evaluated using specimens obtained from classic murine models of liver fibrosis, namely wild-type (WT) and TRPM8−/− (KO) fibrotic mice after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or bile duct ligation (BDL) treatment. The role of TRPM8 was systematically evaluated using specimens obtained from the aforementioned animal models after various in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Results

Clinicopathological analysis has shown TRPM8 expression was upregulated in tissue samples from cirrhosis patients and fibrotic mice. TRPM8 deficiency not only attenuated inflammation and fibrosis progression in mice, but also helped to alleviate symptoms of cholangiopathies. Moreover, reduction in S100A9 and increase in HNF4α expressions were observed in liver of CCl4 and BDL treated TRPM8 KO mice. Strong regulatory linkage between S100A9 and HNF4α was also noticed in L02 cells underwent siRNA-mediated S100A9 knockdown and S100A9 overexpressing plasmid transfection. Lastly, alleviative effect of a selective TRPM8 antagonist was confirmed in vivo.
Conclusion

These findings suggest TRPM8 deficiency may exert protective effects against inflammation, cholangiopathies and fibrosis through S100A9-HNF4α signaling mechanistically. M8-B might be a promising therapeutic candidate for liver fibrosis.
Do Leonardo Da Vinci’s Drawings, Room Acoustics And Radio Astronomy Have Anything In Common?
Authors: Kulowski Andrzej 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
After introducing Leonardo da Vinci’s (LdV) predecessors in the field of light propagation research, his drawings on the topic of focussing light through a spherical mirror are analysed. The discovery of LdV is presented, according to which, at an infinitely distant source of rays, a small fragment of the canopy is enough to generate a focus, while the rest of the mirror forms caustics for which LdV did not indicate an application. An analytical description of the energy concentration in the focus and on the caustics is given, together with its reference to the geometric representation of the acoustic field in rooms. Using symmetry in the description of energy relations in acoustics and electromagnetism, the interference that occurs on the caustics produced by the acoustic and electromagnetic wave is discussed. It is explained why in the sound field in existing halls, instead of a whole caustic only its cusp is observed, which is perceived as a point-like sound focus. The size of the mirror aperture, shown graphically by LdV, is determined. How the development of receiving techniques increased the mirror aperture compared to the LdV estimate is also shown. The implementation of these improvements is presented via the example of the Arecibo and FAST radio telescopes.
Smaller Amygdala Subnuclei Volume in Schizophrenia Patients with Violent Behaviors
Authors: Hu Hao , Liu Fengju , Liu Li , Mei Yi , Xie Bin , Shao Yang , Qiao Yi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the association between the volume of amygdala subnuclei and violent behaviors in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ).
Methods

In the present study, we recruited 40 SCZ patients with violent behaviors (VS), 26 SCZ patients without violent behaviors (NVS), and 28 matched healthy controls (HC) who completed T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Both the total amygdala and amygdala subnuclei volumes were estimated with FreeSurfer.
Results

When comparing the whole SCZ patients with HC, SCZ patients had smaller volume of the left amygdala and the left basal nucleus. Further, the VS patients had smaller volume of the amygdala central nucleus as compared to the NVS group.
Conclusions

Our findings suggested that a smaller volume of the amygdala central nucleus might be relevant to violence risk in SCZ patients.
N6-Methyladenosine Regulatory Machinery is Involved In Viral Infection of Plum Pox Virus And Potato Virus Y In Nicotiana Benthamiana
Authors: Yue Jianying , Wei Yao , Chen Yahan , Wei Xuefeng , Wang Haijuan , Zhao Mingmin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Logic-in-Memory Inverter Based on a Silicon Nanowire Feedback Field-Effect Transistor
Authors: Baek Eunwoo , Son Jaemin , Cho Kyoungah , Kim Sangsig 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a logic-in-memory (LIM) inverter comprising a silicon nanowire (SiNW) n-channel feedback field-effect transistor (n-FBFET) and a SiNW p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (p-MOSFET). Further, we investigated the hybrid logic and memory operations of the inverter using mixed-mode technology computer-aided design simulations. Our LIM inverter exhibited a high voltage gain of 296.8 (V/V) when transitioning from logic ‘1’ to ‘0’ and 7.9 (V/V) when transitioning from logic ‘0’ to ‘1’, while holding calculated logic at zero input voltage. The energy band diagrams of the n-FBFET structure demonstrated that the holding operation of the inverter was implemented by controlling the positive feedback loop. Moreover, the output logic can remain constant without any supply voltage, resulting in zero static power consumption.
Long Noncoding RNA MIR210HG is Induced by Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1α and Promotes Cervical Cancer Progression
Authors: Hu Xiao-lin , Huang Xia-tong , Zhang Jia-ni , Liu Jie , Wen Li-jun , Xu Xin , Zhou Jue-yu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background：Increasing evidence has indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in various types of cancer, especially the ability of tumor cells to adapt to hypoxia conditions. However, only a few of them have been experimentally validated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Method: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm the expression of MIR210HG in CSCC tissues compared with matched non-tumor tissues, and analyze its clinical significance. In vitro, RNA interference (siRNA) or overexpression plasmid was used to investigate the biological function and underlying mechanism of MIR210HG in cervical carcinogenesis. In vitro, cell proliferation and metastasis were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assay, respectively. Furthermore, tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated in vivo using a xenogenous subcutaneously implant or a pulmonary metastasis model. Immunohistochemical staining or immunoblotting analysis was carried out to detect protein expression.Results：In the current study, we identified a hypoxia-induced lncRNA MIR210HG was excessively expressed in CSCC tissues and regulated by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 and E7 via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Functional assays revealed the role of MIR210HG in promoting proliferation, migration and invasion of CSCC cells in vitro under normoxia as well as hypoxia conditions. Meanwhile, stable MIR210HG silencing dramatically repressed tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, the depletion of MIR210HG or HIF-1α decreased each other’s expression level, while silencing MIR210HG or HIF-1α respectively downregulated the expression levels of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), one of key metabolic enzymes in the glycolysis pathway. Furthermore, decreased expression of PGK1 by HIF-1α knockdown was reversed through the overexpression of MIR210HG. Also, we demonstrated HIF-1α can activate the transcription of MIR210HG via binding its promoter. Conclusions: Taken together, these results expand our understanding of the cancer-associated functions of hypoxia-induced lncRNAs, and highlight MIR210HG forms a feedback loop with HIF-1α contributing to cervical carcinogenesis, with potential implications for therapeutic targeting.
Association Between Timing of Speech and Language Therapy Initiation and Outcomes Among Post-Extubation Dysphagia Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hongo Takashi , Yamamoto Ryohei , Liu Keibun , Yaguchi Takahiko , Dote Hisashi , Saito Ryusuke , Masuyama Tomoyuki , Nakatsuka Kosuke , Watanabe Shinichi , Kanaya Takahiro , Yamaguchi Tomoya , Yumoto Tetsuya , Naito Hiromichi , Nakao Atsunori 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Post-extubation dysphagia (PED) is recognized as a common complication in the intensive care unit (ICU). Speech and language therapy (SLT) can potentially help improve PED; however, the impact of the timing of SLT initiation on persistent PED has not been well investigated. This study aimed to examine the timing of SLT initiation and its effect on patient outcomes after extubation in the ICU.Methods: We conducted this multicenter, retrospective, cohort study, collecting data from eight ICUs in Japan from patients treated between 2017 and 2020. Patients aged ≥ 20 years with orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for longer than 48 hours, and those who received SLT due to PED, defined as patients with modified water swallowing test scores of 3 or lower, were included. The primary outcome was dysphagia at hospital discharge, defined as functional oral intake scale score <5 or death after extubation. Secondary outcomes included dysphagia or death at the seventh, 14th, or 28th day after extubation, aspiration pneumonia, and in-hospital mortality. Associations between the timing of SLT initiation and outcomes were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Two hundred and seventy-two patients met the study inclusion criteria. Of them, 82 (30.1%) patients exhibited dysphagia or death at hospital discharge, and their time spans from extubation to SLT initiation was 1.0 days. The primary outcome revealed that every day of delay in SLT initiation post-extubation was associated with dysphagia or death at hospital discharge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.18). Similarly, secondary outcomes showed associations between this per day delay in SLT initiation and dysphagia or death at the seventh day (AOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.55), 14th day (AOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.58), or 28th day (AOR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.36) after extubation and occurrence of aspiration pneumonia (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.17), while per day delay in post-extubation SLT initiation did not affect in-hospital mortality (AOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.12). Conclusions: Delayed initiation of SLT in PED patients was associated with persistent dysphagia or death. Early initiation of SLT may prevent this complication post-extubation.
Precipitation of Sugammadex With Nicardipine And Labetalol
Authors: Han Jiwon , Oh Ah-Young , Kim Bo Young 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThere is a paucity of clinical data about whether sugammadex forms precipitates with other medications. This laboratory experimental study was performed to determine the drugs that produce precipitate with sugammadex. MethodsSamples of 1 mL of sugammadex were prepared in transparent cylinders, to which 1 mL of test drugs (rocuronium, neostigmine, glycopyrrolate, atropine, nitroglycerin, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, vasopressin, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, ephedrine, esmolol, nicardipine, labetalol) was then added. The precipitation reaction was observed by eyes and light microscope. The pH of each drugs before and after mixing with sugammadex was measured. ResultsWhite crystals were formed when sugammadex mixed with nicardipine or labetalol. ConclusionsSugammadex formed precipitate when mixed with nicardipine or labetalol. Sufficient fluid flushing is required between injections of each drug to prevent these reactions.
Erythropoietin Receptor is a Risk Factor for Prognosis: A Potential Biomarker in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ya-Jing , Wang Sen-Yu , Han Song-Tao , Huang Yao-Yao , Feng Yang-Chun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers, and LUAD's survival rate is particularly poor. Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) is a member of the cytokine class I receptor family and can be detected in cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), however, the expression levels and prognostic value of EPOR in LUAD are still unclear.Methods: Multiple bioinformatics databases such as TIMER, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and TCGA databases, immunohistochemical method, and clinicopathological data of 92 LUADpatients between January 2008 and June 2016 were used to explore the EPOR expression, gene mutations affecting EPOR expression, EPOR-interacting or coexpressed genes, potential biological functions and the correlation of EPOR expression with prognosis, immune microenvironment and so on.All statistical analyses were performed in the R version 4.1.1.Results: In this study, the EPOR mRNA expression in LUAD tissues was possibly downregulated compared with that in normal lung tissues, but the EPOR protein expression in LUAD tissues was higher than that in paired normal lung tissues. Mutations in five genes, DDX60L, LGR6, POTEB3, RIF1 and SOX5, resulted in downregulation of EPOR expression, mutations in 10 genes includingC1orf168, DBX2 and EIF5B, resulted in upregulation of EPOR expression. Erichment analyses showed that EPOR is involved in neural tissue ligand-receptor interactions, MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and cancer pathways. The KM Plotter and PrognoScan databases consistently concluded that EPOR was associated with prognosis in LUAD patients. Our clinicopathological data showed that high EPOR expression was associated with poorer OS (29.5 vs 46 months) and had a good predictive ability for 5-year survival probability. Conclusions: EPOR expression might be downregulated at the mRNA levels and significantly upregulated at the protein levels in LUAD, which showed that the mRNA and protein levels of EPOR are inconsistent.The high expression of EPOR was associated with poor prognosis and is expected to be a potential new prognostic marker for LUAD.