bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation of Branched Alkanes Feeds by a Synergistic Action of Zeolite and Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Brântuas Pedro F. , Henrique Adriano , Wahiduzzaman Mohammad , von Wedelstedt Alexander , Maity Tanmoy , Rodrigues Alírio E. , Nouar Farid , Lee U‐Hwang , Cho Kyung‐Ho , Maurin Guillaume , Silva José A. C. , Serre Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractZeolites and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as “competitors” for new separation processes. The production of high‐quality gasoline is currently achieved through the total isomerization process that separates pentane and hexane isomers while not reaching the ultimate goal of a research octane number (RON) higher than 92. This work demonstrates how a synergistic action of the zeolite 5A and the MIL‐160(Al) MOF leads to a novel adsorptive process for octane upgrading of gasoline through an efficient separation of isomers. This innovative mixed‐bed adsorbent strategy encompasses a thermodynamically driven separation of hexane isomers according to the degree of branching by MIL‐160(Al) coupled to a steric rejection of linear isomers by the molecular sieve zeolite 5A. Their adsorptive separation ability is further evaluated under real conditions by sorption breakthrough and continuous cyclic experiments with a mixed bed of shaped adsorbents. Remarkably, at the industrially relevant temperature of 423 K, an ideal sorption hierarchy of low RON over high RON alkanes is achieved, i.e., n‐hexane ≫ n‐pentane ≫ 2‐methylpentane > 3‐methylpentane ⋙ 2,3‐dimethylbutane > isopentane ≈ 2,2‐dimethylbutane, together with a productivity of 1.14 mol dm−3 and a high RON of 92, which is a leap‐forward compared with existing processes.
Flexible Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse based on Lead‐Free Metal Halide Nanocrystals for Neuromorphic Computing and Color Recognition
Authors: Li Ying , Wang Jiahui , Yang Qing , Shen Guozhen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOptoelectronic synapses combining optical‐sensing and synaptic functions are playing an increasingly vital role in the neuromorphic computing systems development, which can efficiently process visual information and complex recognition, memory, and learning. Metal halides are considered promising candidates for synaptic devices due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the toxicity of lead and the further development of device functions are the recognized problems at present. Herein, a flexible optoelectronic synapses system based on high‐quality lead‐free Cs3Bi2I9 nanocrystals is demonstrated, in which the carrier confinement caused by the band mismatching between the Cs3Bi2I9 and the organic semiconductor layer provides the possibility to simulate synaptic behaviors. The synaptic functions including long/short‐term memory and learning‐forgetting‐relearning are demonstrated in this device and visual perception, visual memory, and color recognition functions are successfully implemented. Additionally, the flexible device exhibits excellent robustness and can realize imaging of light distribution under curved hemispheres similar to the human eye. Finally, through the simulation based on an artificial neural network algorithm, the device successfully realizes the high‐precision recognition of handwritten digital images and possesses a strong fault tolerant capability even in bending states. These results are expected to drive the practical progress of metal halide for neuromorphic computing.
Diet diversity and seasonality of robust capuchins (Sapajus sp.) in a tiny urban forest
Authors: Gonçalves Bárbara de Araújo , Lima Laura Cristina Pires , Aguiar Lucas M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCapuchins are omnivorous neotropical primates that can survive in urban forests by supplementing their diet with human foods. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of these resources on their diet diversity and feeding seasonality. We aimed to assess the patterns of foraging, feeding, and diet diversity of urban capuchins (Sapajus sp.) that live in a tiny urban forest in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, where humans frequently feed them. We predicted that forest degradation and human foods could decrease diet diversity, though capuchins may, conversely, reduce their selectivity and expand their food repertoire. We followed the animals from dawn to dusk between May 2018 and April 2019 to list and quantify the species and items consumed. We used diversity indexes and cluster analysis to understand similarities and differences in the diet composition over the study period. We recorded 58 plant species (being 14 exotics) consumed by the monkeys, and nonconventional items, with low diet diversity overall. The diet consisted mainly of plants (69.8%), animal matter (20.6%), and processed foods (9.5%). Capuchins consumed more food from the anthropic environment (57.5%) than from the forest (42.4%), while their food from the forest included more invertebrates (47.8%) than fruits (40%). The cluster analysis showed two main groups of feeding months, in accordance with the seasons of high and low food production in local forests. Monkeys did not vary the frequencies of foraging or feeding between seasons, probably due to the omnipresent availability of human foods. Despite the high consumption of human foods, capuchins responded to the seasonality of the forest, expanding their feeding diversity in the drier period. Future studies should analyze the correspondence between food consumption and local phenology, as well as the potential role of capuchins as seed dispersers in this depauperate community.
Patterns of sensory modulation by age and sex in young people on the autism spectrum
Authors: Lane Alison E. , Simpson Kate , Masi Anne , Grove Rachel , Moni Mohammad Ali , Montgomery Alicia , Roberts Jacqui , Silove Natalie , Whalen Olivia , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. , Eapen Valsamma 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSensory modulation symptoms form a diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder and are associated with significant daily functional limitations. Utilizing caregiver report on Short Sensory Profile‐2 (SSP‐2) for 919 autistic children (3–14.11 years), we examined the expression of sensory modulation symptoms by age and sex and investigated the existence of specific sensory modulation subtypes. Sensory modulation symptoms appeared to peak in frequency during middle childhood, particularly in sensory sensitivity and avoidance. Symptoms associated with sensory hypo‐reactivity and seeking tended not differ between age cohorts. Males and females demonstrated similar overall sensory modulation profiles, however, females showed elevated symptoms relating to sensory sensitivity. Model‐based cluster analysis revealed five interpretable sensory modulation subtypes which related to symptom severity (low, mid‐range, high). Subtypes demonstrating mid‐range symptom severity differed in focus on sensory hyper‐reactivity or seeking symptoms. The findings of this study report for the first time that age‐related differences in sensory modulation symptoms may be associated with sensory hyper‐reactivity only. The subtyping results also suggest that sensory modulation symptom severity is a reliable means of classifying variance within autistic children, however, consideration of differences in the behavioral strategies employed by individuals to manage sensory modulation symptoms may inform tailored supportive strategies.Lay SummaryWe studied sensory symptoms such as over‐responding, under‐responding and sensation seeking behaviors in 919 autistic children and adolescents. We found that 6–12‐year‐olds and females displayed the most sensory over‐responding symptoms. Autistic children could be grouped into mild, moderate, and severe levels of sensory symptoms, however, children differed in the type of strategies used to cope with their sensory symptoms meaning that they may require different intervention approaches.
Risk of birth defects by pregestational type 1 or type 2 diabetes: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011
Authors: Marchincin Stephanie L. , Howley Meredith M. , Van Zutphen Alissa R. , Fisher Sarah C. , Nestoridi Eirini , Tinker Sarah C. , Browne Marilyn L. ,   National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies found consistent associations between pregestational diabetes and birth defects. Given the different biological mechanisms for type 1 (PGD1) and type 2 (PGD2) diabetes, we used National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) data to estimate associations by diabetes type.MethodsThe NBDPS was a study of major birth defects that included pregnancies with estimated delivery dates from October 1997 to December 2011. We compared self‐reported PGD1 and PGD2 for 29,024 birth defect cases and 10,898 live‐born controls. For case groups with ≥5 exposed cases, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between specific defects and each diabetes type. We calculated crude ORs (cORs) and 95% CIs with Firth's penalized likelihood for case groups with 3–4 exposed cases.ResultsOverall, 252 (0.9%) cases and 24 (0.2%) control mothers reported PGD1, and 357 (1.2%) cases and 34 (0.3%) control mothers reported PGD2. PGD1 was associated with 22/26 defects examined and PGD2 was associated with 29/39 defects examined. Adjusted ORs ranged from 1.6 to 70.4 for PGD1 and from 1.6 to 59.9 for PGD2. We observed the strongest aORs for sacral agenesis (PGD1: 70.4, 32.3–147; PGD2: 59.9, 25.4–135). For both PGD1 and PGD2, we observed elevated aORs in every body system we evaluated, including central nervous system, orofacial, eye, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and cardiac defects.ConclusionsWe observed positive associations between both PGD1 and PGD2 and birth defects across multiple body systems. Future studies should focus on the role of glycemic control in birth defect risk to inform prevention efforts.
Altered type I collagen networking in osteoporotic human femoral head revealed by histomorphometric and Fourier transform infrared imaging correlated analyses
Authors: Licini Caterina , Notarstefano Valentina , Marchi Saverio , Cerqueni Giorgia , Ciapetti Gabriela , Vitale‐Brovarone Chiara , Giorgini Elisabetta , Mattioli‐Belmonte Monica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBone homeostasis is the equilibrium between organic and inorganic components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells. Alteration of this balance has consequences on bone mass and architecture, resulting in conditions such as osteoporosis (OP). Given ECM protein mutual regulation and their effects on bone structure and mineralization, further insight into their expression is crucial to understanding bone biology under normal and pathological conditions. This study focused on Type I Collagen, which is mainly responsible for structural properties and mineralization of bone, and selected proteins implicated in matrix composition, mineral deposition, and cell‐matrix interaction such as Decorin, Osteocalcin, Osteopontin, Bone Sialoprotein 2, Osteonectin and Transforming Growth Factor beta. We developed a novel multidisciplinary approach in order to assess bone matrix in healthy and OP conditions more comprehensively by exploiting the Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging (FTIRI) technique combined with histomorphometry, Sirius Red staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blotting. This innovatory procedure allowed for the analysis of superimposed tissue sections and revealed that the alterations in OP bone tissue architecture were associated with warped Type I Collagen structure and deposition but not with changes in the total protein amount. The detected changes in the expression and/or cooperative or antagonist role of Decorin, Osteocalcin, Osteopontin, and Bone Sialoprotein‐2 indicate the deep impact of these NCPs on collagen features of OP bone. Overall, our strategy may represent a starting point for designing targeted clinical strategies aimed at bone mass preservation and sustain the FTIRI translational capability as upcoming support for traditional diagnostic methods.
Tumor protein D52 (TPD52) affects cancer cell metabolism by negatively regulating AMPK
Authors: Chen Yali , Peng Changmin , Tan Wei , Yu Jia , Zayas Jacqueline , Peng Yihan , Lou Zhenkun , Pei Huadong , Wang Liewei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central regulator of energy homeostasis, with deregulation leading to cancer and other diseases. However, how this pathway is dysregulated in cancer has not been well clarified.MethodsUsing a tandem affinity purification/mass‐spec technique and biochemical analyses, we identified tumor protein D52 (TPD52) as an AMPKα‐interacting molecule. To explore the biological effects of TPD52 in cancers, we conducted biochemical and metabolic assays in vitro and in vivo with cancer cells and TPD52 transgenic mice. Finally, we assessed the clinical significance of TPD52 expression in breast cancer patients using bioinformatics techniques.ResultsTPD52, initially identified to be overexpressed in many human cancers, was found to form a stable complex with AMPK in cancer cells. TPD52 directly interacts with AMPKα and inhibits AMPKα kinase activity in vitro and in vivo. In TPD52 transgenic mice, overexpression of TPD52 leads to AMPK inhibition and multiple metabolic defects. Clinically, high TPD52 expression predicts poor survival of breast cancer patients.ConclusionThe ﬁndings revealed that TPD52 is a novel regulator of energy stress‐induced AMPK activation and cell metabolism. These results shed new light on AMPK regulation and understanding of the etiology of cancers with TPD52 overexpression.
Probing the Substrate Requirements of the In Vitro Geranylation Activity of Selenouridine Synthase (SelU)
Authors: Haruehanroengra Phensinee , Zheng Ya Ying , Ma Guolin , Lan Tien‐Hung , Hassan Abdalla E. A. , Zhou Yubin , Sheng Jia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNatural RNA modifications diversify the structures and functions of existing nucleic acid building blocks. Geranyl is one of the most hydrophobic groups recently identified in bacterial tRNAs. Selenouridine synthase (SelU, also called mnmH) is an enzyme with a dual activity which catalyzes selenation and geranylation in tRNAs containing 2‐thiouridine using selenophosphate or geranyl‐pyrophosphate as cofactors. In this study, we explored the in vitro geranylation process of tRNA anticodon stem loops (ASL) mediated by SelU and showed that the geranylation activity was abolished when U35 was mutated to A35 (ASL‐tRNALys(s2U)UU to ASL‐tRNAIle(s2U)AU). By examining the SelU cofactor geranyl‐pyrophosphate (gePP) and its analogues, we found that only the geranyl group, but not dimethylallyl‐ and farnesyl‐pyrophosphate with either shorter or longer terpene chains, could be incorporated into ASL. The degree of tRNA geranylation in the end‐point analysis for SelU follows the order of ASLLys(s2UUU)
ASLGln(s2UUG)>ASLGlu(s2UUC). These findings suggest a putative mechanism for substrate discrimination by SelU and reveal key factors that might influence its enzymatic activity. Given that SelU plays an important role in bacterial translation systems, inhibiting this enzyme and targeting its geranylation and selenation pathways could be exploited as a promising strategy to develop SelU‐based antibiotics.
Malignant glaucoma presenting with uncontrolled intraocular pressure and myopic refractive surprise after cataract surgery
Authors: Xiong Albert S. , Kim Dooho B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a seemingly typical case of bilateral angle closure with elevated intraocular pressures. After cataract surgery, there was axial shallowing, escalating intraocular pressure, anterior displacement of the IOL, and myopic shift in the left eye. Irido‐zonulo‐hyaloido‐vitrectomy resolved the angle closure, normalized intraocular pressure, and corrected the myopic shift.
Biocatalytic Carboxylate Reduction – Recent Advances and New Enzymes
Authors: Winkler Margit , Ling Jonathan Guyang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarboxylate reductases (CARs) are valuable catalysts for the selective one‐step reduction of carboxylic acids to their corresponding aldehydes. In recent years, numerous new CARs have been made available, studied and applied in the context of biocatalytic syntheses. The preparation of aldehydes as end products for the flavor and fragrance sector and the integration of CARs in cascade reactions with aldehydes as the key intermediates represent the two major fields of applications. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the current toolbox of recombinant CARs and their numerous carboxylate substrates. Non‐natural functions of CARs are highlighted and recent insight into the structure‐function relationship of CARs are summarized.
An Oxygen Insensitive Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on An Engineered Cellobiose Dehydrogenase: Direct versus Mediated Electron Transfer Responses
Authors: Jayakumar Kavita , Reichhart Thomas M. B. , Schulz Christopher , Ludwig Roland , Felice Alfons K. G. , Leech Dónal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is capable of oxidizing cellobiose and related carbohydrates and generating electrical current at carbon‐based electrodes through direct electron transfer (DET) or mediated electron transfer (MET) mechanisms. As a result, CDHs have been utilized as biocatalysts in biosensors and biofuel cell anodes. A novel engineered ascomycetous Class II CDH with enhanced glucose activity was tested as a bioelectrocatalyst for application to DET or MET‐based glucose biosensors with the electrode component amount selection optimized for maximum current in 5 mM glucose solutions. The optimised DET biosensor showed a similar sensitivity and 3‐fold lower KM,app when compared to non‐optimised DET sensor based on the same engineered CDH. The optimized MET biosensor had a similar KM,app to non‐optimized MET biosensor. However, it showed 15‐fold improvement in jmax and 17‐fold improvement in sensitivity over the DET biosensor. The sensor signals are not affected by the presence of oxygen, although operation in artificial serum results in 43 % and 28 % lower sensitivity for the DET and MET sensors, respectively. While no individually tested potential interferent breaches a mean absolute relative difference of 20 % of the current, the cumulative co‐operative effect in complex media, such as artificial serum, decreases the glucose oxidation current signal.
Sobolev Inequalities in Manifolds with Nonnegative Curvature
Authors: Brendle Simon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe prove a sharp Sobolev inequality on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature. Moreover, we prove a Michael‐Simon inequality for submanifolds in manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. Both inequalities depend on the asymptotic volume ratio of the ambient manifold. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
A Novel Energy Efficient hybrid Meta‐heuristic Approach (NEEMA) for wireless body area network
Authors: Sharma Smita , Mishra V M , Tripathi M M 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe technological progression in the area of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) has made it possible to design various sensing modules operating for detecting the multitudinous physical attributes of a patient's body. However, the limited battery of these sensing devices has restricted the scope for WBAN. Hence, it is imperative to design an energy efficient algorithm to combat the gigantic energy consumption of these sensor nodes. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Novel Energy Efficient hybrid Meta‐Heuristic Approach (NEEMA) for WBAN. We adopt this hybrid approach by using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA); we name it as T‐GA, to deliver the high convergence and large exploitation and exploration capabilities. We follow the clustering approach by selecting the Cluster Head (CH) with the help of the fitness function of T‐GA. We consider the novel parameters for selecting the CH that helps in the overall energy preservation of sensor nodes. Our proposed work focuses on multi‐hop communication among the patients on whose body, the body sensor nodes are installed, so that the data through the multi‐hop reach to the healthcare. The Relay Head (RH) node is used for forwarding the data to next RH and hence to sink. RH selection follows the same method of selection as that of CH. The experimental outcomes of NEEMA outperform the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms and prove to be highly beneficial for various WBAN applications.
Combining medical and surgical management strategies for hidradenitis suppurativa: Need for a treat to target approach
Authors: Lowes Michelle A. , Goldberg Stephanie R. , Alavi Afsaneh , Naik Haley B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor optimal management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), we propose a treat‐to‐target approach that synergizes medical and surgical therapies to improve outcomes and health‐related quality of life for HS patients. Studies are required to define the optimal targets in HS, however, proposed targets include disease remission or low disease activity. The goals of medical therapy in HS are to reduce existing inflammation and to prevent disease progression. The goals of surgical therapy are removal of permanently damaged fibrotic tissue and removal of biofilm within tunnels. In a treat‐to‐target approach, medical and surgical modalities are combined to optimize HS management. Regular and close monitoring are required to assess treatment response and achieve the predetermined target. Adjustments to the treatment plan can be made until the predetermined target is achieved. Research is needed to establish and evaluate this treat‐to‐target approach to help patients improve quality of life and achieve optimal disease control, and ultimately, disease remission.
The history of melasma: Its roots and evolution
Authors: Syder Nicole C. , Elbuluk Nada 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMelanosis or “black degeneration” was the first term used to describe a diseased state involving darkening of visceral structures. In 1910, melanosis localized to the skin was described and years subsequent to that the term chloasma was coined to describe dark facial pigmentation. Melasma and chloasma were used interchangeably for many years until melasma became the more widely used term to describe dark facial pigmentation in a butterfly distribution. For decades, there have been various theories regarding the etiology of melasma. In the 1930s, it was theorized to have been caused by perfume application to the upper cutaneous lip and was associated with vitamin C deficiency. It was thought to only occur in women until cases arose of in men around 1988. It was also thought to occur exclusively in white skin until studies in the early 1960s found the incidence of chloasma to be as high as 34% among Puerto Rican women taking contraceptives. It was not until 1963 that a study found an association between melasma and oral contraceptive use, tying the cause of the pigmentation to underlying hormonal exposure. To date, there has been a significant increase in the understanding of the pathogenesis of melasma as well as treatment options to keep it in remission, though no cure exists at this time. The purpose of this study is to provide a historical overview of the evolution of melasma as a clinical condition as well as an understanding of its pathogenesis and treatment options.