bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purity rules in Pentecostal Uganda
Authors: Alava Henni , Gusman Alessandro 
Published: November 2022

Rules concerning romantic relationships and sex—what we term ‘purity rules’—are central to Pentecostalism in Uganda. In public church arenas, the born-again variant of the rules laid down during Uganda’s ‘ABC’ response to HIV/AIDS — ‘abstain till marriage and be faithful once you marry’—are presented as clear and non-negotiable. Yet in church members’ lives, and in their conversations with each other or in small church groups, space is often created for interpretation and deliberation about the officially strict rules. In this article, we use ethnographic material from fieldwork in urban Pentecostal churches in Uganda to describe how rules work on people, and people work on rules. We describe this process of relational ‘rulework’ as taking place at the nexus of an individual’s relationship to the church, to small groups at the church, and to God. The dynamics of rulework become particularly evident at occasions where rules are transgressed, or where the nature of the rules—and thus of possible transgression—is questioned. Three central axes of rulework can be identified: first, the (claimed) transgressor’s position in church hierarchy; second, the level of publicity at which their transgression is made known to others; and third, their relationship to God. Approaching rules as objects of anthropological analysis foregrounds how what Morgan Clarke (2015) has called the ‘ruliness’ of religious traditions, and what we describe as the messiness of religious adherents’ lives, exist in parallel with each other. Where ‘ruliness’ and ‘messiness’ interact is where rulework takes place and where it can most productively be ethnographically observed.
Keywords: Morality, ethics, religion, sex, transgression
Pemanfaatan Quinoa Sebagai Bahan Substitusi Tepung Terigu Pada Muffin Cake
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Beguiristen Felicia Evelyn , Sulistio Phoebe Emanuella 
Published: November 2022

<p><em>Muffin cake, also known as “Quick Bread”, is one of the bread products that is considered as a quick bread because it is practical and one of the type of cake that is easy to consume. This product has any variety of flavors, from salty, sweet and savory depending on the varied contents of the muffin cake. Generally, muffin cakes are made from wheat flour mixed together with other ingridients such as eggs and sugar. Wheat flour can be said to be the most important ingridients in the success of the product. The role of wheat flour has taken a very large number, 55% used in the total production of the bread and cakes companies so it slowly threaten the level of dependence of the Indonesian people on wheat which continues to increase every year. To reduce this dependency rate, researches developed a muffin cake product that originally made from wheat flour which was substitute into quinoa as its raw material. The Quinoa-based muffin cake will be developed into three different variants as the final results, consisting of a variant of tiramisu jam filling and also a variant of regal jam filling. This study aims to determine whether any effects of using quinoa on muffin cake, to know the level of preference number by the panelist on quinoa-based muffin cake and to know the panelists’s acceptance of quinoa-based muffin cake that determined in 4 different aspects, in terms of aroma, taste, texture and appearance of the muffin cake. This research involved 56 respondents as a panelist from the Jakarta area that to be used as a sample, using a primary data collection methods through distributing questionnaires and also surveys. The type of this research method is using a research and development. Based on the results of the tests by using hedonic organoleptic and hedonic quality tests, validity tests, reliability tests, and friedman tests that quinoa-based muffin cake can be accepted and like by the number of people in Indonesia based on the number of the data are above the mean. <strong></strong></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em> </em><em>Quinoa, Muffin Cake, Wheat Flour, Jam </em></p>
Europeanization in Pension Policy: the Crisis as a Game-Changer?
Authors: Windwehr Jana 
Published: November 2022

The actual effects of the European Union (EU) on member states’ pension policy are more extensive and complex than the contractual basis suggests. In addition to the Open Method of Coordination, a genuine instrument of social policy, ‘cross-effects’ of the freedom of the internal market mediated by the ECJ, as well as fiscal policy ‘interventions’ in member states experiencing financial difficulties have risen in importance. The sovereign debt crisis has functioned as a ‘game changer’ that re-adjusted the balance between European influence and national autonomy, but so far only for the countries hit most by the crisis. As European influence in this supposed ‘new phase’ differs markedly depending on the respective budgetary situation as well as the ‘well-preparedness’ of national pension systems due to previous reforms and as informal rather than formal ways of exerting pressure were chosen, the consequences for other member states and the European pension policy ‘architecture’ as a whole are yet unclear.
The Practice of Pilgrimage by Kalmyk Buddhists
Authors: Ulanov Mergen , Churyumova Elvira , Badmaev Valeriy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Kalmyk Buddhists have long engaged in the practice of pilgrimage for religious purposes. Historically, the main destination for Kalmyk pilgrims was Tibet, which was facilitated by traditional ties between the Kalmyks and the Dalai Lama (and by extension the Tibetan people) after the adoption of Buddhism by Oirat groups at the end of the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth centuries. Kalmyk pilgrims pursued a host of goals – religious, political, diplomatic, and educational in nature. Some pilgrims engaged in exploration; during the early Soviet period Kalmyk pilgrims were used by the Soviet government as covert foreign policy instruments in its dealings with Tibet. Soon afterwards, however, pilgrimage was banned altogether due to the anti-religious policy endorsed by the Bolsheviks. It was not until the late 1980s that pilgrimage was revived owing to the democratization of social and political life in the Soviet Union.
Anxiety, Depression and Functional Impairment among Health Care Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Crosssectional Online Survey
Authors: Shrestha R. , Khatri B. , Adhikari S. , Poudyal P. 
Published: November 2022

Background COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The number of cases and dramatic loss of human life worldwide created psychological problems among general public, including health care workers.
Objective To determine the burden of anxiety, depression, and functional impairment among health care workers in the early days of lockdown during the first wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Nepal.
Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among all the employees of Hospital for Children Eye ENT and Rehabilitation Services, Bhaktapur during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown from April 3, 2020 to May 2, 2020 using an online questionnaire. The tools used were adopted from Nepali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Nepali version of WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0).
Result The mean age (SD) of the participants (n=86) was 32.53 (7.92) years. Male and female participants were equal in number. The point prevalence of anxiety and depression was 25.6% and 14.0%, respectively. Females had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (39.5% vs 11.6%, p < 0.01) and depression (18.6% vs 9.3%, p=0.351). Clinical and nonclinical staff both had a higher prevalence of both anxiety (31.0% and 20.5%, p=0.265) and depression (16.7% and 11.4%, p=0.478). The mean functional impairment score (WHODAS 2.0) among all participants and participants with anxiety and depression was 19.47 (95% CI: 18.13-20.80), 21.27 (95% CI: 18.08-24.46), and 19.92 (95% CI: 15.28- 24.56), respectively.
Conclusion Anxiety and depression during the first lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic were highly prevalent in clinical and non-clinical employees. Besides controlling the outbreak, special consideration should be given to mental health.
Chest CT Scan Findings in Symptomatic Patients Infected with COVID-19 in Norvic International Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Shahi R. R. , Sapkota M. R. , Budhathoki L. , Manandhar S. , Regmi D. 
Published: November 2022

Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the recent global health emergency making it crucial for rapid diagnosis and intervention. Computed tomography (CT) is important for screening, diagnosis and evaluating severity and disease progress.
Objective To assess the CT changes in COVID patients and study its relationship with various factors.
Method A retrospective study was conducted at Norvic International hospital from August 2020 to November 2020 among RT-PCR positive symptomatic COVID cases who had positive CT changes. CT imaging data were analyzed by radiology expertise. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 16.
Result Out of 120 patients, 75% were males and mean age was 54.70±15.56 years. The mean CT severity score was 18.35±6.87. Pure ground glass opacities was seen in 74(61.7%), reticulations 89(74.2%) and crazy-paving pattern 28(23.3%). CT scans with bilateral 118(98.3%) and peripheral involvement 109(90.8%) in all five lobes. CT- severity score was positively correlated with oxygen and mechanical ventilation requirement (P-value < 0.05 and 0.011 respectively).
Conclusion CT findings including pure ground glass opacities, reticulations, bilateral and peripheral involvement involving all five lobes were more frequent. Our data suggest that CT-severity score significantly correlates with oxygen and mechanical ventilation requirements.
Food Values, Food Purchasing, and Eating-Related Outcomes Among a Sample of Quebec Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nielsen Daiva E. , Karamanoglu Irem , Yang Han Hannah , Labonté Katherine , Paquet Catherine 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This investigation evaluated food values, food purchasing, and other food and eating-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec, Canada. The role of stress in eating outcomes was also examined. Methods: An online household survey was conducted among Quebec adults aged ≥18 years (n = 658). Changes in outcomes during, as compared to before, the pandemic were evaluated using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of free text responses. Eating outcomes by daily stress level (low, some, high) were assessed using Cochran–Armitage test for trend. Results: Most respondents reported increased importance and purchasing of local food products (77% and 68%, respectively) and 60% reported increased grocery spending (mean ± standard deviation: 28% ± 23%). Respondents with a higher daily stress level had a higher frequency of reporting eating more than usual compared to before the pandemic (low stress 21%, some stress 34%, high stress 39%, p-trend <0.0001). Free text responses described more time spent at home as a reason for eating more than usual. Conclusions: To support healthy eating during and post-pandemic, dietitians should consider patients’ mental/emotional well-being and time spent at home. Moreover, support of local food products may provide opportunities to promote healthy eating, sustainability, and post-pandemic resiliency of food systems.
Fake news como representação da violência
Authors: DAMASCENO-MORAIS RUBENS , DE OLIVEIRA BRUNA AGAPITO 
Published: November 2022

Por meio do Modelo Dialogal da Argumentação (PLANTIN, 2008, 2016, 2018, GRÁCIO, 2012, 2013,2019), este estudo mostrará como as fake news (ELLISON & BOYD, 2013) atuam como manifestação da violência, numa interação em redes sociais. Ali será analisado o conflito (estase), por meio do jogo de papéis actanciais, na plataforma Facebook, a qual se tem mostrado como eficaz palco de polêmicas (AMOSSY, 2017, 2018). No atual contexto de interação propiciado pelas plataformas online, as redes sociais são ferramentas democráticas e de fácil acesso (MARCUSCHI, 2010), mas com conteúdo de violência rara, além de terreno fértil para a disseminação de fake news, foco desta pesquisa.
POR UMA APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE UNIVERSAIS LINGUÍSTICOS E A SEMÂNTICA DAS LÍNGUAS
Authors: Filetti Elisandra 
Published: November 2022

A proposta deste artigo é retomar alguns princípios epistemológicos que orientaram teorias de natureza relativista e inatista ao longo do século XX e como esses conceitos continuam contemporâneos, considerando os avanços das pesquisas linguísticas já empreendidas. A retomada desses conceitos permite ao cientista da linguagem relacionar a tradição dos estudos da linguagem a novas perspectivas no avanço das teorias e dos pontos de vista que as governam.
رواية امرأة الغائب
Authors: Kamel Ishraq 
Published: November 2022

يعد الاتجاه السيميائي من الاتجاهات النقدية الحديثة المهمة الذي أخذ مجالا واسعا من عناية النقاد والقراء على السواء ولاسيما بعد الانتشار الذي رافقه بعد شيوع أعمال الناقد غريماس وصلاحياتها للتطبيق على النصوص الأدبية وغير الأدبية مما وسع من دائرة العناية به, ومن هنا كان اختيارنا رواية(امرأة الغائب) للروائي العراقي(مهدي عيسى الصقر) لتكون أنموذجا تطبيقيا للدراسة التي اخترنا المنهج السيميائي ليكون الأداة الناقدة لها عبر الاستعانة بالآليات الإجرائية لـ(مدرسة باريس السيميائية), والآراء النقدية لمؤسسها الناقد غريماس.
جاء البحث في مقدمة وتمهيد قدمنا فيه تصورا عن الاتجاه السيميائي وأثره في النقد وما له وما عليه رغبة منا بتوضيح بعض مسائله مثل اختلاف النقاد حول ظهوره وتعريفه وغيرها, ثمّ قسمنا الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث, جاء المبحث الأول بعنوان(المستوى الخطابي), وجاء الثاني ليدرس(المستوى السردي), وخصص الثالث لدراسة(المستوى العميق), ثم ختمنا الدراسة بخاتمة عرضنا بها أهم النتائج التي خرج بها البحث , تلتها قائمة بمصادر ومراجع الدراسة.
ظاهرة التناوب في حروف الجر والعطف من منظور أسلوبي
Authors: Mohammad Zadeh Jawad , Abdi Saladin 
Published: November 2022

كثيراً ما نری أنّ القرآن الكريم يستخدم إمكانات اللغة بشكل مضاد لما هو معتاد في الاستعمال المألوف ، فتنشأ بين الألفاظ علاقات غير مألوفة، تسهم هي الأخرى في جذب المتلقي وإثارة انتباهه، وكما هو معلوم، إنَّ للانزياح أنماطاً متعددةً درسنا في هذا البحث نمطاً كثر وروده في النص القرآني ألا وهو ظاهرة التناوب. إنّ التناوب هو إحلال كلمة (اسم، وفعل، وحرف) محل غيرها مما يناظرها؛ لكننا اخترنا في بحثنا هذا ظاهرة التناوب بين الحروف الجارة والعاطفة وناقشنا فكرة نيابة حرف جر عن آخر في الاستعمال القرآني، أو وضع حرف عطف مكان آخر؛ قصداً لمعنى معين أو دلالة خاصة؛ إذ إن كل عدول من مبنى إلى مبنى آخر يؤدي حتماً إلى العدول عن معنى إلى معنىً آخر. يهدف هذا البحث دراسة ظاهرة التناوب بين الحروف وبيان أحوالها في التراكيب النحوية وبيان المعنی الأصلي لكل حرف منها، والمعاني التي ورد بها، وتبيّن أنّ التناوب في حرف الباء الجارة هو أكثر انتشاراً في هاتين السورتين ويليها حرف اللام الجارّة بشکل إنّ تواتر ورودهما في النص القرآني أعطاه ملمحاً أسلوبياً. أمّا في الدراسة حول ظاهرة التناوب بين حروف العطف فتبيّن لنا أنّ حرفي الواو وثم كثر التناوب فيهما، فقد تؤدّي الحروف في النص القرآني أكثر من معنی وذلك يرجع إلی السياق الذي ترد فيه، واتبعنا في هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فعرضنا آراء النحاة والمفسرين في معاني كل حرف من حروف العطف والجر مع الأدلة التي استدلوا بها.
تأثير ذبذبة شمالي الاطلسي (NAO) في خصائص أنماط الأمواج المؤثرة في مناخ العراق
Authors: Ahmed Juad Bushra 
Published: November 2022

ذبذبة شمالي الأطلسي (NAO) ظاهرة مناخية مهمة، تكون ظاهرة الـ (NAO) ذات طور موجب (قيم ضغطية موجبة)، وتصبح ذات طور سالب (قيم ضغطية سالبة) ،وتوصل البحث إلى أن الذبذبة بطوريها السالب و الموجب لم تؤثر في تكرار الأخاديد و الانبعاجات وعدد أيام بقائها واتجاه محاورها، إذ لم يظهر اتجاه معين في تكرار خصائص الأمواج سواء كان للطور السالب أم الموجب. لكن ظهر تباين في المجموع الموسمي للأخاديد والانبعاجات إذ تفوقت في التكرار خلال المواسم السالبة، أما الأمواج الطويلة ومنظومة أخدود + انبعاج فكانت تكراراتهم متقاربة بين المواسم السالبة والموجبة. أما عدد أيام البقاء فالأخاديد كانت أكثر خلال المواسم الموجبة والانبعاجات خلال المواسم السالبة.
أما اتجاه محور الأخاديد فالمحور الشمالي – الجنوبي, والمحور الشمالي – الشرقي سجلت تكرار أعلى في المواسم الموجبة، والمحور الشمالي – الغربي سجل تكرارا موسميا أعلى خلال المواسم السالبة, واتجاه محور الانبعاج فكانت جميع اتجاهات المحاور أكثر تكرارا في المواسم السالبة واقلها تكرارا في المواسم الموجبة.
Developing the Writing Skill of the University of Technology' Students by using Clustering Technique
Authors: Abed Ban Kadhim 
Published: November 2022

تعد الصعوبات في الكتابة هي واحدة من أهم المشاكل التي لها تأثير على المتحدثين باللغة الإنجليزية . تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تطويرمهارات الكتابة باستخدام طريقة التجميع لطلاب الجامعة التكنولوجية ، ثم إجراء مقارنة بين أداء الطلاب في الكتابة في اختبار اولي واختبار بعدي . تم إجراء اختبار قبلي للطلاب لمعرفة مستواهم في كتابة المقال ، ثم تم اعطاء كورس عن الكتابة باستخدام طريقة التجميع للطلاب بعدها تم اختبارهم اختبار بعدي. تهدف الدراسة إلى إظهارتأثيراعطاء كورس تدريبي باستخدام طريقة التجميع في أداء الطلاب في الكتابة. لذا أظهرت النتائج أن هناك تطورًا كبيرًا في أداء الطلاب في الكتابة بعد تلقيهم للكورس التدريبي.
Anti-inflammatory effect of Phytomarine R-L compound against lipopolysaccharide- induced pulmonary injury in BALB/c mice
Authors: Gopi Janani , Marotta Francesco , Sriramulu Sushmitha , Banerjee Antara , Kanna N.R. Rajesh , Palani Vignesh , Ayala Antonio , He Fang , Vijayashree R , Pathak Surajit 
Published: November 2022

Background: This study deals with the induction of lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in animal model and treating this condition using phytomarine R-L compound (Bloomin’Age, Science of Living, Milan Italy) that is known to possess the anti-inflammatory properties and eventually determine their characteristics through the in-vivo experimentation.Objective of the study:The present study was subjected to test the therapeutic anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidative and regenerative property of this phytomarine (SBF-LF) in an LPS-induced lung injury in mice models. Methods:Mice received an intra-nasal administration of LPS at a concentration of 1 mg/ml weekly per day in a week for four consecutive weeks followed by the oral administration of R-L compound at a concentration of 50 mg/kg body weight intermittently. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) as well as the lung tissues were periodically collected from the control and experimental groups for histological examination. Likewise, the lung tissue homogenate obtained from induction and treatment groups was assayed for myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and elastase assay. Results: The results illustrated that LPS- induced mice group demonstrated an increased inflammatory cell infiltration causing an acute and persisting neutrophilic accumulation in the lung parenchyma with alveolar congestion. Furthermore, the influx of macrophages, lymphocytes as well as inflammatory mediators was observed during the BALF analysis. The treatment with R-L compound resulted in a significant decline in the permeation of inflammatory cells as observed by lung histology and BALF analysis. Conclusion: Thus, the exploitation of R-L compound with the experimental groups along with other assay methods confirmed its robust anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and suggested epithelial regenerative capacity. Further analyzing the efficacy of the R-L compound might help understanding its potential as a therapeutic option in clinical settings.Keywords:Lungs, BALB/c mice, Lipopolysaccharide, anti-inflammatory, R-L compound
A drug utilization and drug interaction study in renal transplant patients: Implications for an urgent need for drug deprescribing
Authors: Sridharan Kannan , Shah Shamik , Al Segai Ola , Mansoor Eman , Hammad Mustafa , Farid Eman 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Renal transplant patients receive several drugs concomitantly. OBJECTIVE: Limited literature exists evaluating the drug use in this population that is at high risk for drug-induced acute kidney injury and complications due to under-or over-dosage of immunosuppressant drugs due to drug–drug interactions. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was carried out in 269 renal transplant patients in whom either oral or parenteral drugs were evaluated. World Health Organization (WHO) indicators of drug utilization such as the average number of drugs prescribed, daily defined dose, and proportion of drugs listed as WHO essential drugs were evaluated. Details on the drugs with nephrotoxic potential were obtained. Drug–drug interactions were assessed concerning the severity (major, moderate, and minor) as well as type (pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicity). RESULTS: One-hundred and ninety-eight drugs were administered to the study participants. The median (range) total number of drugs received by the study participants was 23 (6–55). The proportion of drugs listed in the WHO essential drug database was 57.1 (16.7–100)%. Forty-six drugs with potential nephrotoxicity and seven drugs that were contra-indicated in patients with chronic renal disease/end-stage renal disease were administered to the study participants. The mean (SD) numbers of drug interactions observed amongst the study participants were 18.4 (10.1). Age (β: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1, 0.3) and duration of renal transplantation (β: −0.3, 95% CI: −0.5, −0.1) were the significant predictors of drug burden. A total of 645 drug interactions were identified amongst the study participants (major – 240; moderate – 270; and minor – 135) of which the majority were pharmacokinetic followed by toxicity risk. Age was significantly associated with the risk of potential drug interaction (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.8, 12.4; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Drug treatment in renal transplant patients poses a significant burden in terms of nephrotoxicity potential and drug–drug interactions. A dedicated ambulatory clinical pharmacy service monitoring the drug use coupled with drug deprescribing strategies are the need of the hour in this population.
تأثير اللغة الآرامية على اللهجة الشامية
Authors: DOĞRU Erdinç , DERVİŞ Firdevs 
Published: November 2022

هذه الدراسة المعنونة بـ " تأثير اللغة الآرامية على اللهجة الشامية" التي تم من خلالها إلقاء نظرة سريعة على اللهجة الشامية وما مدى تأثير اللغة الآرامية عليها بهدف الوقوف على أهم المراحل التاريخية التي مرَّت بها اللغة الآرامية، وكيف وصل هذا التأثير إلى اللهجة الشامية، وقد استخدم فيها المنهج التاريخي الوصفي لإنجاز هذا العمل.
تضمن موضوع المقالة نبذة عن مصطلحي اللغة واللهجة والفرق بينهما وفقًا لعلماء اللغة القدامى والمحدثين، ثم ما هي نظرة القدامى إلى اللهجات العربية القديمة، وما هو مفهوم اللهجة عند المحدثين، وكيف نشأت هذه اللهجات، وكيف تأثّرت اللهجة الشامية باللغة الآرامية، إنّ هذه الموضوعات نوقشت بطريقة مقارنة، ثم عرضت نماذج حية من الكلمات الآرامية الأصل التي كثيرا ما تستخدم في اللهجة الشامية، مع محاولة تفسير تأثير الآرامية على اللهجة الشامية من حيث علم اللغويات وعلم التداولية، ثم توصلت المقالة إلى نتائج منها:
إن من أهم اللغات التي أثرت في اللهجة الشامية هي اللغة الآرامية. لأن اللغة الآرامية لم تكن فرعًا مهمًا من عائلة اللغات السامية فحسب، بل استمرت أيضًا في وجودها مع اللغة العربية منذ القدم، خاصة في البلدان المسماة ببلاد الشام. من وجهة النظر هذه، يمكن فهم حجم تأثير اللغة الآرامية على اللهجة الشامية بسهولة.
وجوب تكثيف البحوث والدراسات اللغوية والدلالية في مجالاتها المتنوعة والمختلفة بما فيها الصوتية والصرفية، وخصوصاً في ميدان علم اللهجات. كما أنه من الضروري الانفتاح على كل ما هو جديد وجاد في هذه الميادين، والإكثار من الملتقيات العلمية والمعرفية المختلفة التي تحضّ الباحثين في حقلي اللغة واللهجات على المغامرة من أجل الوصول إلى أقصى غاية ممكنة من غايات الكمال العلمي.