bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activity of edible sprouts and phytosterol contents by HPLC/UV analysis
Authors: Kim Juree , Kim Ji Hyun , Bang Se In , Shin Hanna , Cho Eun Ju , Lee Sanghyun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the in vitro radical scavenging activities of edible tree sprouts, particularly those of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxide radical, to assess their antioxidant activities. Additionally, stigmasterol (ST) and β-sitosterol (BS) were analyzed using HPLC/UV. The edible sprouts ofEleutherococcus senticosus(ESC) andMorus alba(MAB) exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity among other edible sprouts. A reverse-phase column was used in an isocratic elution system, after which UV detection was performed at 210 nm. ST and BS analyses indicated that ESC sprouts contained the highest amounts of ST (9.99 mg·g− 1extract), whereas MAB sprouts contained the highest concentrations of BS (14.69 mg·g− 1extract). In conclusion, the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the edible sprouts with the highest phytosterol content. Therefore, our findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of plant-based functional foods or supplements with antioxidant properties.
Revision des Lerntypenmythos durch Konzeptwechselpodcasts im Lehramtsstudium
Authors: Götzfried Julia , Nemeth Lea , Bleck Victoria , Lipowsky Frank 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Lerntypenmythos hat eine hohe Prävalenz unter (angehenden) Lehrkräften. Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass solche Mythen mit Konzeptwechseltexten entkräftet werden können. In Konzeptwechseltexten werden Fehl- und Fachkonzept vergleichend gegenübergestellt, wodurch kognitive Konflikte entstehen können, die wiederum zur kritischen Reflexion des eigenen Fehlkonzepts anregen können. Ob und unter welchen Voraussetzungen diese Erkenntnisse auf das Medium Podcast übertragbar sind, ist bisher unerforscht. In diesem Beitrag wird daher der Frage nachgegangen, ob Podcasts einen Konzeptwechsel zum Thema Lerntypen bewirken können. Zum einen wird angenommen, dass Konzeptwechselpodcasts im Vergleich zu Sachpodcasts eher zur Revision des Lerntypenmythos beitragen. Zum anderen wird erwartet, dass eine alltagssprachliche gegenüber einer fachsprachlichen Gestaltung der Podcasts zu einem stärkeren Rückgang der Überzeugung zum Lerntypenmythos führt, da Befunde aus der Wissenschaftskommunikation auf die Relevanz einer adressatengerechten Sprache für die Überzeugungskraft von Argumenten hinweisen. Zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen wurde eine experimentelle Studie mit 181 Lehramtsstudierenden mit einem 2 × 2-Design (Art der Informationspräsentation: Konzeptwechsel- vs. Sachpodcast; sprachliche Gestaltung: Alltags- vs. Fachsprache) durchgeführt. Die Überzeugung der Lehramtsstudierenden wurde unmittelbar vor und nach der Intervention sowie vier Wochen später erhoben. Wie angenommen nimmt die Zustimmung zum Lerntypenmythos bei Studierenden nach dem Hören der Konzeptwechselpodcasts stärker ab als bei Studierenden mit Sachpodcasts (p < 0,001, ηp2 = 0,07). Hypothesenkonform zeigt sich außerdem, dass eine alltagssprachliche Gestaltung der Podcasts zu einer geringeren Zustimmung zum Lerntypenmythos führt als eine fachsprachliche Gestaltung (p < 0,01, ηp2 = 0,04). Folglich scheinen insbesondere Konzeptwechselpodcasts in Alltagssprache dazu geeignet zu sein, Fehlkonzepte unter Lehramtsstudierenden zu revidieren.
Automation in ART: Paving the Way for the Future of Infertility Treatment
Authors: Abdullah Kadrina Abdul Latif , Atazhanova Tomiris , Chavez-Badiola Alejandro , Shivhare Sourima Biswas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn vitro fertilisation (IVF) is estimated to account for the birth of more than nine million babies worldwide, perhaps making it one of the most intriguing as well as commoditised and industrialised modern medical interventions. Nevertheless, most IVF procedures are currently limited by accessibility, affordability and most importantly multistep, labour-intensive, technically challenging processes undertaken by skilled professionals. Therefore, in order to sustain the exponential demand for IVF on one hand, and streamline existing processes on the other, innovation is essential. This may not only effectively manage clinical time but also reduce cost, thereby increasing accessibility, affordability and efficiency. Recent years have seen a diverse range of technologies, some integrated with artificial intelligence, throughout the IVF pathway, which promise personalisation and, at least, partial automation in the not-so-distant future. This review aims to summarise the rapidly evolving state of these innovations in automation, with or without the integration of artificial intelligence, encompassing the patient treatment pathway, gamete/embryo selection, endometrial evaluation and cryopreservation of gametes/embryos. Additionally, it shall highlight the resulting prospective change in the role of IVF professionals and challenges of implementation of some of these technologies, thereby aiming to motivate continued research in this field.
Graphical abstract
Epidemiological Comparison of Four COVID-19 Waves in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, March 2020–January 2022
Authors: Otshudiema John Otokoye , Folefack Gervais Léon T. , Nsio Justus M. , Mbala-Kingebeni Placide , Kakema Cathy H. , Kosianza Joel B. , Mfumu Antoine K. , Saidi Guy N. , Kabongo Patrice M. , Okum Raphael , Tshimbombu Tshibambe N. , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Karamagi Humphrey Cyprian , Muyembe Jean-Jacques T. , Djiguimde Amédée Prosper 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeNationwide analyses are required to optimise and tailor activities to control future COVID-19 waves of resurgence continent-wide. We compared epidemiological and clinical outcomes of the four COVID-19 waves in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).MethodsThis retrospective descriptive epidemiological analysis included data from the national line list of confirmed COVID-19 cases in all provinces for all waves between 9 March 2020 and 2 January 2022. Descriptive statistical measures (frequencies, percentages, case fatality rates [CFR], test positivity rates [TPR], and characteristics) were compared using chi-squared or the Fisher–Irwin test.ResultsDuring the study period, 72,108/445,084 (16.2%) tests were positive, with 9,641/56,637 (17.0%), 16,643/66,560 (25.0%), 24,172/157,945 (15.3%), and 21,652/163,942 (13.2%) cases during the first, second, third, and fourth waves, respectively. TPR significantly decreased from 17.0% in the first wave to 13.2% in the fourth wave as did infection of frontline health workers (5.2% vs. 0.9%). CFR decreased from 5.1 to 0.9% from the first to fourth wave. No sex- or age-related differences in distributions across different waves were observed. The majority of cases were asymptomatic in the first (73.1%) and second (86.6%) waves, in contrast to that in the third (11.1%) and fourth (31.3%) waves.ConclusionDespite fewer reported cases, the primary waves (first and second) of the COVID-19 pandemic in the DRC were more severe than the third and fourth waves, with each wave being associated with a new SARS-CoV-2 variant. Tailored public health and social measures, and resurgence monitoring are needed to control future waves of COVID-19.
A review of advanced architectural glazing technologies for solar energy conversion and intelligent daylighting control
Authors: Liu Xiao , Wu Yupeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEfficient management of solar radiation through architectural glazing is a key strategy for achieving a comfortable indoor environment with minimum energy consumption. Conventional glazing consisting of a single or multiple glass pane(s) exhibits high visible light transmittance and solar heat gain coefficient, which can be a double-edged sword, i.e., it allows sufficient sunlight to enter the building interior space for passive heating and lighting; on the other hand, it can cause glare discomfort and large cooling energy consumption. Among the various advanced glazing technologies being developed, Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) glazing has a prominent position due to its ability to reduce cooling load and visual discomfort while simultaneously generating electricity from sunlight. Recent years have witnessed remarkable advances in low-concentration optics such as Dielectric based Compound Parabolic Concentrators (DiCPCs), with a growing interest in the development of Building Integrated Concentrating Photovoltaic (BICPV) glazing to improve light harvesting and electric power output. One of the challenges faced by traditional BIPV glazing systems is the lack of dynamic control over daylight and solar heat transmission to cope with variations in weather conditions and seasonal heating/cooling demands of buildings. A promising solution is to integrate an optically switchable smart material into a BIPV glazing system, which enables dynamic daylighting control in addition to solar power conversion. Thermotropic (TT) hydrogel materials such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) and Hydroxypropyl Cellulose (HPC) are potential candidates for hybrid BIPV smart glazing applications, due to their unique features such as high visible transparency (in the clear state), strong light-scattering capability (in the translucent state) and large solar energy modulation. This paper reviews various types of electricity-generating glazing technologies including BIPV glazing and BICPV glazing, as well as smart glazing technologies with a particular focus on TT hydrogel integrated glazing. The characteristics, benefits and limitations of hybrid BIPV smart glazing are also evaluated. Finally, the challenges and research opportunities in this emerging field are discussed.
Assessment and Optimization of Explainable Machine Learning Models Applied to Transcriptomic Data
Authors: Zhao Yongbing , Shao Jinfeng , Asmann Yan W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Explainable artificial intelligence aims to interpret how machine learning models make decisions, and many model explainers have been developed in the computer vision field. However, understanding of the applicability of these model explainers to biological data is still lacking. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated multiple explainers by interpreting pre-trained models for predicting tissue types from transcriptomic data and by identifying the top contributing genes from each sample with the greatest impacts on model prediction. To improve the reproducibility and interpretability of results generated by model explainers, we proposed a series of optimization strategies for each explainer on two different model architectures of multilayer perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural network (CNN). We observed three groups of explainer and model architecture combinations with high reproducibility. Group II, which contains three model explainers on aggregated MLP models, identified top contributing genes in different tissues that exhibited tissue-specific manifestation and were potential cancer biomarkers. In summary, our work provides novel insights and guidance for exploring biological mechanisms using explainable machine learning models.
Predictive Factors for the Risk of Sexual Dysfunction in Climacteric Women: Population-based Study
Authors: Romano Marquez Reis Sandra Cristina , Martins Pinto Juliana , Aparecida Porcatti de Walsh Isabel , Sulyvan de Castro Shamyr , Cristina Cortez Carneiro Meirelles Maria , Santos Pereira-Baldon Vanessa 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
It is known that sexual problems increase with age but little is known about the predictors of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in Brazilian climacteric women.

Aim
To identify predictive factors for FSD in climacteric women.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional population-based study carried out through a household survey.

Outcomes
The measures investigated were sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, level of physical activity, presence of FSD, self-rated health and sleep satisfaction.

Result
A total of 381 climacteric, sexually active women were included, with a mean age of 55.04 (±7.21) years. The prevalence of FSD was 38.3%. All variables investigated were associated with FSD (P &lt; .05). In the final model, the predictors for FSD were low satisfaction with sleep (OR 4.20; 95% CI 2.32–7.62), advanced age (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00–1.08), low education level (OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.85–0.97) and having a partner (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.76).

Clinical implication
These aspects deserve attention from the health team to prevent and identify FSD early in life in climacteric women.

Strengths & limitations
This study support existing data about risk factors for FSD in climacteric women. However, it is not possible to attribute causality to any of the correlates identified, which is a limitation of cross-sectional studies.

Conclusion
Dissatisfaction with sleep, senility, insufficient income, low education, not having a partner, complaints of depression, and the worse perception of global health are predictive factors for FSD in climacteric women.
Child undernutrition and associated factors among children 6–23 months old in largely food insecure areas of rural Ethiopia
Authors: Tafese Zelalem , Reta Fekadu , Mulugeta Biruk , Anato Anchamo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChild malnutrition is the leading public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in poor health and economic losses. Ethiopia has one of the highest child undernutrition rates in the world that occurs to multifaceted factors, including food insecurity. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence and risk factors for child undernutrition in largely food insecure areas of Ethiopia. Data were collected from 354 mother–child pairs from the Siraro district. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Variables with aP-value of <0⋅05 in multivariate analysis were used to detect statistical significance at a 95 % confidence level. About 67 % of households are food insecure. The prevalence of stunting wasting and underweight were 42⋅7, 9⋅9 and 27⋅7 %, respectively. Female gender, higher age of the child (12–23 monthsv. 6–11 months), living in a household with five or more siblings, not getting therapeutic zinc supplement at least once, inadequate diet diversity, lack of growth monitoring service, and maternal own income increases the likelihood of child undernutrition. It can be concluded that child undernutrition is a severe public health problem in the study area. Improving primary healthcare services related to zinc supplementation, growth monitoring and promotion, and improving infant and child feeding practices can be considered as a strategy to address the problem.
Les modèles de migration
Authors: Termote Marc 
Published: August 2022

Dans une société où les taux régionaux
d'accroissement naturel sont faibles, et où les
possibilités de communication sont développées,
les mouvements migratoires peuvent rendre compte
d'une part importante de la croissance
démographique des diverses régions; effectivement,
en Belgique, la part du solde migratoire dans la
variation de la population de 1954 à 1962, a
dépassé 50% dans 25 des 41 arrondissements; encore
ne s'agit-il ici que d'un impact minimum, excluant
l'effet induit que représente l'accroissement
naturel des migrants.
Le mouvement migratoire n'est pas
seulement un facteur important, voire fondamental,
de l'évolution démographique d'une région, il
tend, par suite de la convergence des taux
régionaux d'accroissement naturel, à devenir la
variable principale de l'évolution de la
distribution spatiale d'une population.
Quelques orientations de recherches à
propos des politiques antinatalistes
Authors: Gérard Hubert 
Published: August 2022

Les politiques antinatalistes occupent
actuellement une place importante parmi les
préoccupations des hommes d'action et des hommes
de science. Leur urgence incite ces derniers à
procéder à des études poussées tant sur le plan
des sciences médicales que sur le plan des
diverses sciences humaines : économie,
démographie, sociologie et psychologie. Un nombre
croissant de publications, de valeur diverse
d'ailleurs, sont consacrées spécifiquement aux
politiques du Family planning. À ce propos, il est
utile de bien marquer la distinction entre la
politique antinataliste et la politique de
planification de la fécondité. On confond
généralement les deux termes et très souvent le
second terme est utilisé dans l'acception du
premier, il paraît en effet plus positif et plus
aisément acceptable par les diverses
idéologies.
En fait, ces deux termes recouvrent deux
programmes se distinguant nettement au point de
vue des objectifs poursuivis, des moyens
utilisables et des justifications. L'objectif
d'une politique de planification de la fécondité
est de rendre la procréation consciente et voulue,
de façon à amener les couples non pas à avoir
nécessairement moins ou plus d'enfants, mais à
procréer selon un projet pré-établi par eux, en ce
qui concerne le nombre d'enfants et le moment de
leur naissance. Par contre, une politique
antinataliste (ce terme n'ayant aucun sens
péjoratif) a pour objectif de réduire la natalité
d'une population déterminée.
Extenics enhanced axiomatic design procedure for AI applications
Authors: Li Wenjuan , Suh C. Steve , Xu Xiangyang , Song Zhenghe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces a method to improve the design procedure of axiomatic design theory (AD) with Extenics. A comprehensive review of the AD indicates that the powerful principle of AD has been widely studied and applied to many areas, however, inexperienced practitioners of the AD theory still find it difficult to follow or apply the principles in their design which inadvertently often leads to misunderstanding and skepticism. The lack of definitive descriptions for all the elements and specific approaches to guiding the mapping process restricts the development and application of AD theory. This paper improves the design procedure of AD with Extenics. The elements in AD domain are expressed by basic-elements of Extenics, and the formulations are generated. The mapping process based on AD and Extenics is developed. The improved design procedure provides designers with a theoretical foundation based on the logical and rational thought process, meanwhile the solution space can be expanded and innovative designs are inspired. Based on the proposed design procedure, a computer-aided system is developed, which makes the complex and fuzzy design activity clear and easy to follow by filling in the blanks in a step-by-step manner. An example of a novel corn harvester header design scheme is considered to illustrate the validity of the improved design procedure.
Human metapneumovirus infection in the cardiac paediatric ICU before and during COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Leister Nicolas , Commotio Simone , Menzel Christoph , Yücetepe Sirin , Ulrichs Christoph , Wendt Stefanie , Dedden Christoph , Trieschmann Uwe , Hannes Tobias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction:This study investigates the hygiene standards in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the perioperative incidence of human metapneumovirus as well as the typical symptom burden of human metapneumovirus-infected children with CHDs.Materials and methods:Between March 2018 and July 2021, all patients of a cardiac paediatric ICU of a German university hospital were included in this retrospective cohort analysis.Results:A total of 589 patients with CHD were included in the analysis. Three hundred and fifty-two patients (148 females and 204 males) were admitted before the introduction of social distancing and face masks between March 2018 and 15 April 2020 (cohort A). Two hundred and thirty-seven patients (118 females and 119 males) were admitted after the introduction between April 16 and July 2021 (cohort B). In cohort A, human metapneumovirus was detected in 11 out of 352 patients (3.1%) during their stay at cardiac paediatric ICU. In cohort B, one patient out of 237 (0.4%) tested positive for human metapneumovirus. Patients who tested positive for human metapneumovirus stayed in cardiac paediatric ICU for a median of 17.5 days (range, 2–45 days). Patients without a detected human metapneumovirus infection stayed in the cardiac paediatric ICU for a median of 4 days (range, 0.5–114 days). Nine out of 12 (75%) human metapneumovirus-positive patients showed atelectasis.Conclusion:Perioperative human metapneumovirus infections prolong cardiac paediatric ICU stay in children with CHD. In affected patients, pulmonary impairment with typical symptoms appears. Under certain circumstances, a complication-rich perioperative infection with human metapneumovirus could be prevented in paediatric cardiac high-risk patients by prophylactic hygiene intervention.
Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among infants under 6 months in rural China
Authors: Du Yefan , Durstenfeld Anne , Dill Sarah-Eve , Wang Qingzhi , Zhou Huan , Xue Hao , Kache Saraswati , Medina Alexis , Rozelle Scott 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:To examine Hb level and anaemia status among infants under 6 months of age in rural China.Design:A cross-sectional survey collected data among infants under 6 months and their primary caregivers in Sichuan, China. Anaemia was defined using both the WHO and China Pediatrics Association thresholds. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify relevant factors among two age groups (<4 months; 4–5 months).Setting:Eighty townships were selected in Sichuan, China from November to December 2019.Participants:Nine hundred and forty-two infants under 6 months, while Hb level was tested for 577 infants.Results:The overall mean (±sd) Hb level was 106·03 (± 12·04) g/l. About 62·6 % (95 % CI 58·5, 66·6) of sample infants were anaemic using the WHO threshold, and 20·5 % (95 % CI 17·3, 24·1) were anaemic using the China Pediatrics Association thresholds. Anaemia rates rose with increasing age in months. Multivariable linear regressions revealed that lower Hb levels were significantly associated with lower birth weight (<4 months: β = 4·14, 95 % CI 0·19, 8·08; 4–5 months: β = 6·60, 95 % CI 2·94, 10·27) and delivery by caesarean section (<4 months: β = −4·64, 95 % CI −7·79, −1·49; 4–5 months: β = −4·58, 95 % CI −7·45, −1·71).Conclusion:A large share of infants under 6 months in rural western China are anaemic. Infants with low birth weight and caesarean delivered should be prioritised for anaemia testing. Future studies should move the point of focus forward to at least 4 months of age and examine the link between caesarean section and anaemia to promote health and development in infancy.
Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in the neonatal population
Authors: Lianou Alexandra , Rallis Dimitrios , Baltogianni Maria , Vlahos Antonios , Milionis Haralampos , Giapros Vasileios 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe consistently high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has urged the need for punctual and effective prevention. Extended research on this specific area has demonstrated the influence of fetal and neonatal periods on the risk of developing CVD in adulthood. Thus, the role of traditional and novel biological markers to the effective screening of CVD among the neonatal population is widely investigated. The objective of the present narrative review is to examine those neonatal biomarkers that may play a role in the development of CVD, to exhibit scientific data that appertain to their association with various perinatal conditions leading to CVD predisposition, and their potential role on prediction and prevention strategies. Multiple biomarkers, traditional and novel, have been mined across the studied literature. Adiposity, insulin resistance, altered lipid profile, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction seem among the headliners of CVD. Even though various novel molecules have been studied, their clinical utility remains controversial. Therefore, it is quite important for the scientific community to find elements with strong predictive value and practical clinical use.