bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Risk of Sepsis and Related Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Huang-Yu , Hsu Yun-Shiuan Olivia , Lee Tao Han , Wu Chao-Yi , Tsai Chung-Ying , Chou Li-Fang , Tu Hui-Tzu , Huang Yu-Tung , Chang Shang-Hung , Yen Chieh-Li , Hsieh Meng-Hsuan , Lee Cheng-Chia , Kuo George , Hsiao Chih-Yen , Lin Hsing-Lin , Chen Jia-Jin , Yen Tzung-Hai , Chen Yung-Chang , Tian Ya-Chong , Yang Chih-Wei , Anderson Gerard F. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAdvanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at higher risk of sepsis-related mortality following infection and bacteremia. Interestingly, the urate-lowering febuxostat and allopurinol, both xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOis), have been suggested to influence the sepsis course in animal studies. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between XOis and infection/sepsis risk in pre-dialysis population.MethodsPre-dialysis stage 5 CKD patients with gout were identified through the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan from 2012 to 2016. Outcomes were also compared with national data.ResultsIn our nationwide, population-based cohort study, 12,786 eligible pre-dialysis stage 5 CKD patients were enrolled. Compared to non-users, febuxostat users and allopurinol users were associated with reduced sepsis/infection risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87–0.99; P = 0.0324 vs. HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86–0.99; P = 0.0163]. Significant sepsis/infection-related mortality risk reduction was associated with febuxostat use (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52–0.87). Subgroup analysis demonstrated preference of febuxostat over allopurinol in sepsis/infection-related mortality among patients younger than 65 years of age, stain users, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug non-users, and non-diabetics. There was no significant difference in major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) risk between users and non-users while reduced risk of all-cause mortality was observed for XOi users.ConclusionsUse of XOi in pre-dialysis stage 5 CKD patients may be associated with reduced risk of sepsis/infection and their related mortality without increased MACCE and overall mortality.
Long-Term Effects of Aircraft Noise Exposure on Vascular Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure: No Evidence for Adaptation or Tolerance Development
Authors: Frenis Katie , Kalinovic Sanela , Ernst Benjamin P. , Kvandova Miroslava , Al Zuabi Ahmad , Kuntic Marin , Oelze Matthias , Stamm Paul , Bayo Jimenez Maria Teresa , Kij Agnieszka , Keppeler Karin , Klein Veronique , Strohm Lea , Ubbens Henning , Daub Steffen , Hahad Omar , Kröller-Schön Swenja , Schmeisser Michael J. , Chlopicki Stefan , Eckrich Jonas , Strieth Sebastian , Daiber Andreas , Steven Sebastian , Münzel Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Transportation noise is recognized as an important cardiovascular risk factor. Key mechanisms are noise-triggered vascular inflammation and oxidative stress with subsequent endothelial dysfunction. Here, we test for adaptation or tolerance mechanisms in mice in response to chronic noise exposure. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to aircraft noise for 0, 4, 7, 14 and 28d at a mean sound pressure level of 72 dB(A) and peak levels of 85 dB(A). Chronic aircraft noise exposure up to 28d caused persistent endothelial dysfunction and elevation of blood pressure. Likewise, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation as determined by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and HPLC-based measurement of superoxide formation in the aorta/heart/brain was time-dependently increased by noise. Oxidative burst in the whole blood showed a maximum at 4d or 7d of noise exposure. Increased superoxide formation in the brain was mirrored by a downregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (Nos3) and transcription factor Foxo3 genes, whereas Vcam1 mRNA, a marker for inflammation was upregulated in all noise exposure groups. Induction of a pronounced hearing loss in the mice was excluded by auditory brainstem response audiometry. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation were present during the entire 28d of aircraft noise exposure. ROS formation gradually increases with ongoing exposure without significant adaptation or tolerance in mice in response to chronic noise stress at moderate levels. These data further illustrate health side effects of long-term noise exposure and further strengthen a consequent implementation of the WHO noise guidelines in order to prevent the development of noise-related future cardiovascular disease.
Brain-Predicted Age Difference Moderates the Association Between Muscle Strength and Mobility
Authors: Vaughan Brooke A. , Simon Janet E. , Grooms Dustin R. , Clark Leatha A. , Wages Nathan P. , Clark Brian C. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundApproximately 35% of individuals over age 70 report difficulty with mobility. Muscle weakness has been demonstrated to be one contributor to mobility limitations in older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of brain-predicted age difference (an index of biological brain age/health derived from structural neuroimaging) on the relationship between leg strength and mobility.MethodsIn community dwelling older adults (N= 57, 74.7 ± 6.93 years; 68% women), we assessed the relationship between isokinetic leg extensor strength and a composite measure of mobility [mobility battery assessment (MBA)] using partial Pearson correlations and multifactorial regression modeling. Brain predicted age (BPA) was calculated from T1 MR-images using a validated machine learning Gaussian Process regression model to explore the moderating effect of BPA difference (BPAD; BPA minus chronological age).ResultsLeg strength was significantly correlated with BPAD (r= −0.317,p&lt; 0.05) and MBA score (r= 0.541,p&lt; 0.001). Chronological age, sex, leg strength, and BPAD explained 63% of the variance in MBA performance (p&lt; 0.001). BPAD was a significant moderator of the relationship between strength and MBA, accounting for 7.0% of MBA score variance [△R2= 0.044,F(1,51) = 6.83,p= 0.01]. Conditional moderation effects of BPAD indicate strength was a stronger predictor of mobility in those with a great BPAD.ConclusionThe relationship between strength and mobility appears to be influenced by brain aging, with strength serving as a possible compensation for decline in neural integrity.
Imaging Findings From Different Pathological Types of Oral and Maxillofacial Intramuscular Hemangiomas for Selecting Optimum Management
Authors: Zhu Dan , Dai Xiaoqing , Wang Jingbo , Zhang Chunye , Tao Xiaofeng , Wu Lizhong , Zhu Ling 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo assess computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of intramuscular hemangiomas (IMHs) in oral and maxillofacial region and correlate them with the histopathological classifications for selecting optimum management.MethodsThe clinical data and pretreatment findings of 32 patients with pathologically proven IMHs on CT (n = 10), MRI (n = 27), or both (n = 5) were analyzed retrospectively. Correspondence of clinical and imaging characters with 3 different pathological classifications (cavernous, capillary, and mixed) of IMHs was studied. A number of pitfalls and overlap of imaging features can result in misdiagnosis of different IMHs lesions.ResultsFour patients had multi-muscular lesions, and 28 had single-muscular lesions. The predilection site were the tongue (11 cases, 34.4%) and the masseter muscle (10 cases, 31.2%). Cavernous type (17 cases, 53.1%) was the most common IMHs type. All patients showed slightly hypointense or isointense on T1-weighted imaging, 3 patients showed hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging and the others showed slightly hyperintense. The most common enhancement pattern was progressive (29 cases, 90.6%). The capillary type (9 cases, 28.1%) and mixed type (6 cases, 28.1%) of IMHs on imaging indicated characteristics of lesions with rich blood supply status, the cavernous type (17cases, 53.1%) of IMHs belonged to relatively poor blood supply lesions. A total of 5 patients (15.6%) were initially misdiagnosed, there were recurrences in 4 IMHs patients. Extra functional MRI (fMRI) was performed on these 5 misdiagnosed patients, the average ADC of the 5 patients was 1.50 × 10−3 mm2/s. The presence of vermicular vessels was different among these three types of IMHs.ConclusionsThe reason for the misdiagnosis in localized IMHs may be the obvious border of mass-like lesions and the lack of enlarged vessels. Combined evaluation of presence of vermicular vessels and fMRI might be more accurately for determining the IMHs and create a preoperative plan.
A Combined Model to Improve the Prediction of Local Control for Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Based on Radiomic Signature Plus Clinical and Dosimetric Parameters
Authors: Luo Li-Mei , Huang Bao-Tian , Chen Chuang-Zhen , Wang Ying , Su Chuang-Huang , Peng Guo-Bo , Zeng Cheng-Bing , Wu Yan-Xuan , Wang Ruo-Heng , Huang Kang , Qiu Zi-Han 
Published: January 2022

PurposeStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an important treatment modality for lung cancer patients, however, tumor local recurrence rate remains some challenge and there is no reliable prediction tool. This study aims to develop a prediction model of local control for lung cancer patients undergoing SBRT based on radiomics signature combining with clinical and dosimetric parameters.MethodsThe radiomics model, clinical model and combined model were developed by radiomics features, incorporating clinical and dosimetric parameters and radiomics signatures plus clinical and dosimetric parameters, respectively. Three models were established by logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT) or support vector machine (SVM). The performance of models was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and DeLong test. Furthermore, a nomogram was built and was assessed by calibration curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow and decision curve.ResultsThe LR method was selected for model establishment. The radiomics model, clinical model and combined model showed favorite performance and calibration (Area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0.811, 0.845 and 0.911 in the training group, 0.702, 0.786 and 0.818 in the validation group, respectively). The performance of combined model was significantly superior than the other two models. In addition, Calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow (training group: P = 0.898, validation group: P = 0.891) showed good calibration of combined nomogram and decision curve proved its clinical utility.ConclusionsThe combined model based on radiomics features plus clinical and dosimetric parameters can improve the prediction of 1-year local control for lung cancer patients undergoing SBRT.
Augmented Features Synergize Radiomics in Post-Operative Survival Prediction and Adjuvant Therapy Recommendation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chan Lawrence Wing-Chi , Ding Tong , Shao Huiling , Huang Mohan , Hui William Fuk-Yuen , Cho William Chi-Shing , Wong Sze-Chuen Cesar , Tong Ka Wai , Chiu Keith Wan-Hang , Huang Luyu , Zhou Haiyu 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundOwing to the cytotoxic effect, it is challenging for clinicians to decide whether post-operative adjuvant therapy is appropriate for a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient. Radiomics has proven its promising ability in predicting survival but research on its actionable model, particularly for supporting the decision of adjuvant therapy, is limited.MethodsPre-operative contrast-enhanced CT images of 123 NSCLC cases were collected, including 76, 13, 16, and 18 cases from R01 and AMC cohorts of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), Jiangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital respectively. From each tumor region, 851 radiomic features were extracted and two augmented features were derived therewith to estimate the likelihood of adjuvant therapy. Both Cox regression and machine learning models with the selected main and interaction effects of 853 features were trained using 76 cases from R01 cohort, and their test performances on survival prediction were compared using 47 cases from the AMC cohort and two hospitals. For those cases where adjuvant therapy was unnecessary, recommendations on adjuvant therapy were made again by the outperforming model and compared with those by IBM Watson for Oncology (WFO).ResultsThe Cox model outperformed the machine learning model in predicting survival on the test set (C-Index: 0.765 vs. 0.675). The Cox model consists of 5 predictors, interestingly 4 of which are interactions with augmented features facilitating the modulation of adjuvant therapy option. While WFO recommended no adjuvant therapy for only 13.6% of cases that received unnecessary adjuvant therapy, the same recommendations by the identified Cox model were extended to 54.5% of cases (McNemar’s test p = 0.0003).ConclusionsA Cox model with radiomic and augmented features could predict survival accurately and support the decision of adjuvant therapy for bettering the benefit of NSCLC patients.
Association Between Cholecystectomy and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Ying , Liu Ming-Hua , Li Yan 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesAlthough several epidemiological studies have attempted to evaluate the relationship between cholecystectomy and gastric cancer risk, the findings have been controversial. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis following the reporting guidelines to comprehensively analyze and quantify the evidence of the aforementioned association.MethodsStudies were identified by searching the Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science from inception to November 30, 2020, with only studies published in English being considered. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects models.ResultsEight studies (five cohort studies and three case–control studies) with a total of 26,063 gastric cancer patients and 848,081 participants were included. The summarized RR of the relationship between cholecystectomy and gastric cancer risk was 1.11 (95%CI: 1.03–1.20), with low heterogeneity (P = 0.117, I2 = 37.8%). These positive findings were consistent in most subgroup analyses like region in Asia, number of cases ≥200, cohort study design, sex in male, low risk of bias, exposure collection by database, and adjustments made for age, gender, calendar year. Of note, we also observed positive association between cholecystectomy and non-cardia of gastric cancer risk (RR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.33). No publication bias was present.ConclusionsThe aforementioned evidence suggested that a history of cholecystectomy was associated with a slightly elevated risk of gastric cancer. Results of most subgroup analyses also supported the main findings. More prospective studies are warranted to further validate these findings.
Imaging Biomarkers of Glioblastoma Treatment Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recent Machine Learning Studies
Authors: Booth Thomas C. , Grzeda Mariusz , Chelliah Alysha , Roman Andrei , Al Busaidi Ayisha , Dragos Carmen , Shuaib Haris , Luis Aysha , Mirchandani Ayesha , Alparslan Burcu , Mansoor Nina , Lavrador Jose , Vergani Francesco , Ashkan Keyoumars , Modat Marc , Ourselin Sebastien 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveMonitoring biomarkers using machine learning (ML) may determine glioblastoma treatment response. We systematically reviewed quality and performance accuracy of recently published studies.MethodsFollowing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: Diagnostic Test Accuracy, we extracted articles from MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Register between 09/2018–01/2021. Included study participants were adults with glioblastoma having undergone standard treatment (maximal resection, radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide), and follow-up imaging to determine treatment response status (specifically, distinguishing progression/recurrence from progression/recurrence mimics, the target condition). Using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Two/Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging, we assessed bias risk and applicability concerns. We determined test set performance accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-score, balanced accuracy). We used a bivariate random-effect model to determine pooled sensitivity, specificity, area-under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC-AUC). Pooled measures of balanced accuracy, positive/negative likelihood ratios (PLR/NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated. PROSPERO registered (CRD42021261965).ResultsEighteen studies were included (1335/384 patients for training/testing respectively). Small patient numbers, high bias risk, applicability concerns (particularly confounding in reference standard and patient selection) and low level of evidence, allow limited conclusions from studies. Ten studies (10/18, 56%) included in meta-analysis gave 0.769 (0.649-0.858) sensitivity [pooled (95% CI)]; 0.648 (0.749-0.532) specificity; 0.706 (0.623-0.779) balanced accuracy; 2.220 (1.560-3.140) PLR; 0.366 (0.213-0.572) NLR; 6.670 (2.800-13.500) DOR; 0.765 ROC-AUC.ConclusionML models using MRI features to distinguish between progression and mimics appear to demonstrate good diagnostic performance. However, study quality and design require improvement.
Link Between Perception of Treatment Need and Craving Reports in Addiction
Authors: Lambert Laura , Serre Fuschia , Thirioux Berangere , Jaafari Nematollah , Roux Perrine , Jauffret-Roustide Marie , Lalanne Laurence , Daulouède Jean-Pierre , Auriacombe Marc 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPerception of treatment need (PTN), a component of clinical insight, is associated to negative addiction treatment outcomes when low. Our hypothesis was that lower PTN was associated with less craving when reported retrospectively, the most common measure of craving in clinical settings.ObjectiveTo explore the association between PTN and craving among a dataset of subjects with severe substance use disorders.MethodsParticipants were recruited from outpatient addiction clinic admissions or harm reduction program services. Good and low PTN were based on consistency between severe addiction (at least six DSM-5 criteria) and self-report need for addiction treatment from the Addiction Severity Index. Craving was retrospectively characterized over the past 30 days. Multiple regression analyses were conducted.ResultsParticipants with low PTN (n = 97) retrospectively reported less frequent and intense episodes of craving, compared with participants with good PTN (n = 566) after controlling for sociodemographic factors, addiction type, and severity (p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionLow perception of treatment need among subjects with severe addictions is associated to less retrospective report of craving, which may contribute to reduced efficiency of treatment. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the association.
Symptom Clusters and Quality of Life in Cervical Cancer Patients Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: The Mediating Role of Illness Perceptions
Authors: Zhang Lan , Wang Jia , Chen Tangzhen , Tian Min , Zhou Qimin , Ren Jianhua 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesAlthough studies shows that symptom clusters and illness perceptions are negatively associated with quality of life (QoL), it is unclear how these variables of cervical cancer patients who receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) relate to each other. This study aimed to identify the symptom clusters in cervical cancer patients who receive CCRT and evaluate the mediating effect of illness perceptions on the relationship between symptom clusters and QoL.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 286 cervical cancer patients receiving CCRT from October 2019 to October 2020. M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Cervix were applied to investigate the symptom clusters, illness perceptions and QoL of the participants, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify symptom clusters. The relationships among symptom clusters, illness perceptions, and QoL were analyzed with the structural equation modeling.ResultsA total of four symptom clusters were identified, including psychological status symptom cluster, therapy side-effect symptom cluster, sickness symptom cluster, and gastrointestinal symptom cluster (χ2 = 1,552.282, Df = 78, P &lt; 0.001). Symptom clusters, illness perceptions, and QoL were significantly correlated. Symptom clusters had significant direct (β = −0.38, P &lt; 0.001) and indirect effects (β = −0.21, P &lt; 0.001) on QoL.ConclusionIllness perceptions played a significant mediating role between symptom clusters and QoL in cervical cancer patients receiving CCRT. Strategies like prompting effective symptom management for the purposes of alleviating illness perceptions may contribute to improving their QoL.
Kinematic Analysis During Straight Line Free Swimming in Horses: Part 2 - Hindlimbs
Authors: Santosuosso Emma , Leguillette Renaud , Vinardell Tatiana , Filho Silvio , Massie Shannon , McCrae Persephone , Johnson Sarah , Rolian Campbell , David Florent 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSwimming is used for rehabilitation and conditioning purposes in equine sports medicine. We described the swimming kinematics of the equine forelimbs in Part 1. The aim of Part 2 is to assess stifle, tarsus, and hind fetlock joints kinematics in swimming horses. The objectives were 1- to calculate and compare joint angles during swimming against passive mobilizations (PM), 2- to determine joints angular velocities during a swimming stride cycle.MethodsEleven elite endurance horses were used to swim in a 100-meter straight pool. Underwater (swimming) and overground PM videos were recorded from the horses' left side. Joint markers were applied on the lateral hoof wall, lateral metatarsal epicondyle, lateral aspect of the talus, lateral femoral epicondyle, and great trochanter of the femur. As a reference, maximal fetlock, tarsus, and stifle flexion/extension angles were determined during PM overground. Differences between angle extrema, angular velocities, and range of motion (ROM) were statistically compared.ResultsThe tarsus ROM was similar during PM and swimming. The stifle and fetlock ROM were greater during PM, although the stifle flexion was greater during swimming. The stifle and tarsus had the greatest hindlimb angular velocity during the swimming cycle. Greater angular velocities were observed during the retraction phase for all the hindlimb joints.ConclusionA short retraction phase with great angular velocity for the joints of interest characterized the swimming pattern observed. Swimming may be beneficial in horses when an increased ROM of the tarsus and stifle or a reduced fetlock extension is indicated for rehabilitation purposes.