bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The maize single-nucleus transcriptome comprehensively describes signaling networks governing movement and development of grass stomata
Authors: Sun Guiling , Xia Mingzhang , Li Jieping , Ma Wen , Li Qingzeng , Xie Jinjin , Bai Shenglong , Fang Shanshan , Sun Ting , Feng Xinlei , Guo Guanghui , Niu Yanli , Hou Jingyi , Ye Wenling , Ma Jianchao , Guo Siyi , Wang Hongliang , Long Yu , Zhang Xuebin , Zhang Junli , Zhou Hui , Li Baozhu , Liu Jiong , Zou Changsong , Wang Hai , Huang Jinling , Galbraith David W , Song Chun-Peng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The unique morphology of grass stomata enables rapid responses to environmental changes. Deciphering the basis for these responses is critical for improving food security. We have developed a planta platform of single nucleus RNA-sequencing by combined fluorescence-activated nuclei flow sorting, and used it to identify cell types in mature and developing stomata from 33,098 nuclei of the maize epidermis. Guard and subsidiary cells displayed differential expression of genes, besides those encoding transporters, involved in the abscisic acid, CO2, Ca2+, starch metabolism, and blue light signaling pathways, implicating coordinated signal integration in speedy stomatal responses, and of genes affecting cell wall plasticity, implying a more sophisticated relationship between guard and subsidiary cells in stomatal development and dumbbell-shaped guard cell formation. The trajectory of stomatal development identified in young tissues, and by comparison to the bulk RNA-seq data of the MUTE defective mutant in stomatal development, confirmed known features and shed light on key participants in stomatal development. Our study provides a valuable, comprehensive, and fundamental foundation for further insights into grass stomatal function.
Explaining public officials’ opinions on blockchain adoption: a vignette experiment
Authors: Cagigas Diego , Clifton Judith , Díaz-Fuentes Daniel , Fernández-Gutiérrez Marcos , Echevarría-Cuenca Juan , Gilsanz-Gómez Celia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlockchain is emerging as one of the major disruptive technologies of our times. In the context of public administration, blockchain heralds major transformations of public service provision and has the potential to increase the transparency of, and citizens’ trust in, public administration and its services. However, the introduction of blockchain to public administrations means potentially changing aspects of the job performed by public officials, including their day-to-day activities and responsibilities, and even their very control over administrative processes. While some public officials may view blockchain positively as a means of improving current administrative practices, others may view it more negatively and resist it. The acceptance or otherwise of blockchain is, therefore, a fundamental issue for analysis. We conduct a vignette experiment to probe public officials’ opinions on the introduction of blockchain in the provision of public services in a local council. We follow an influential classification of blockchain configurations to analyze whether different configurations of blockchain affect public officials’ opinions toward its implementation. Results show that a more public configuration of certain aspects of the blockchain increases the likelihood that public officials will accept blockchain, while it is also associated with an increase in trust in public administration and its services.
COVID-19 and social inequality in China: the local–migrant divide and the limits of social protections in a pandemic
Authors: He Alex Jingwei , Zhang Chunni , Qian Jiwei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The existing literature suggests that external shocks, such as pandemics, stimulate people’s demand for social protections and prompt them to favor short-term social consumption over long-term investments. However, this argument may not apply fully in a society with an urban–rural divide in addition to an unequal welfare system. Through a telephone survey conducted in July 2020, this study sought to investigate public opinions on the social policy response to the coronavirus disease pandemic in China. Quantitative evidence showed large economic hardship among the respondents, who expressed a strong expectation for labor market interventions instead of social assistance. This study reveals that the preexisting inequalities in people’s access to welfare benefits have led local residents and migrants to develop differential preferences for social policies. This attitudinal heterogeneity is illustrative of the inequalities in the Chinese welfare system as well as of the labor market dynamics that have resulted from massive internal migration and the informalization of the workforce. The division between locals and migrants in China’s urban welfare system has shaped a demarcation of welfare preferences between the two groups through peculiar interpretive feedback effects.
Ultraviolet sensitivity of Casimir energy
Authors: Asai Yu , Sakamura Yutaka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We quantitatively estimate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) physics on the Casimir energy in a five-dimensional (5D) model on S1/Z2. If the cutoff scale of the 5D theory is not far from the compactification scale, the UV physics may affect the low-energy result. We work in the cutoff regularization scheme by introducing two independent cutoff scales for the spatial momentum in the non-compact space and for the Kaluza–Klein masses. The effects of the UV physics are incorporated as a damping effect of the contributions to the vacuum energy around the cutoff scales. We numerically calculate the Casimir energy and evaluate the deviation from the result obtained in the zeta-function regularization, which does not include information on the UV physics. We find that the result agrees well with the latter for Gaussian-type damping, while it can deviate for kink-type damping.
Is Economic Uncertainty a Valid Intertemporal CAPM State Variable?
Authors: Lin Qi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper evaluates whether economic uncertainty is consistent with the Merton (1973) intertemporal CAPM (ICAPM) theory. The economic uncertainty index of Jurado, Ludvigson and Ng (2015) consistently predicts a significant increase in stock market volatility. However, its innovation carries a statistically insignificant price of covariance risk in the cross-section, thereby failing to satisfy the Maio and Santa-Clara (2012) sign restrictions associated with the ICAPM. I also find robust evidence by using the level of the economic uncertainty index (JEL G10, G11, G12).
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Prevalence of COVID‐19 vaccine reactogenicity among Bangladeshi physicians
Authors: Majumder Md. Anwarul Azim , Lutfor Afzalunnessa Binte , Rabbi Ahbab Mohammad Fazle , Alam A. B. M. Muksudul , Rahman Mizanur , Saha Narayan , Campbell Michael H. , Haque Mainul , Nessa Kamrun , Khondoker Mohib Ullah , Das Tapas Ranjan , Rahman Sayeeda , Jahan Fauzia , Mashreky Saidur Rahman , Wahab Abrar , Siddiqui Md. Tosaddeque Hossain , Hinkson‐Lacorbiniere Karisha , Ivy Roksana , Islam Rezaul , Haider Yusuf , Omar Eliza , Ahmed S. M. Moslehuddin , Reza A. M. Selim , Daud A. K. M. , Choudhury Muiz Uddin Ahmed , Hossain Md. Abed , Pappu Abdul Matin , Jahan Nusrat , Razzaque Mohammed S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncreased COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy presents a major hurdle in global efforts to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of adverse events after the first dose of the Covishield (AstraZeneca) vaccine among physicians in Bangladesh. A cross‐sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire for physicians (n = 916) in Bangladesh. Physicians who received at least one dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine were included. The study was carried out from April 12 to May 31, 2021. More than 58% of respondents (n = 533) reported one or more adverse events. Soreness of the injected arm (71.9%), tiredness (56.1%), fever (54.4%), soreness of muscles (48.4%), headache (41.5%) and sleeping more than usual (26.8%) were the most commonly reported adverse events. Most vaccine‐related reactogenicities were reported by the younger cohorts (<45 years). The majority of respondents reported severity of reactogenicity as “mild,” experienced on the day of vaccination, and lasting for 1–3 days. The most common reactogenicity was pain at the injection site; the second most common was tiredness. Almost half (49.2%) of the physicians took acetaminophen (paracetamol) to minimize the effects of vaccine reactogenicity. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that physicians with diabetes and hypertension (OR = 2.729 95% CI: 1.282–5.089) and asthma with other comorbidities (OR = 1.885 95% CI: 1.001–3.551) had a significantly higher risk of vaccine‐related reactogenicities than physicians without comorbidities. Further safety studies with larger cohorts are required to monitor vaccine safety and provide assurance to potential vaccine recipients.
Gender-affirming Mastectomy with Concurrent Oncologic Mastectomy
Authors: Boyd Carter J. , Blasdel Gaines , Rifkin William J. , Guth Amber A. , Axelrod Deborah M. , Bluebond-Langner Rachel 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Transmasculine individuals may not have undergone gender-affirming mastectomy and retain natal breast tissue. Our center offers simultaneous oncologic mastectomy with gender-affirming reconstruction to patients who are diagnosed with breast cancer. This study is the first reported series of concurrent gender-affirming and oncologic mastectomies.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing gender-affirming mastectomy at a single institution from February 2017 to October 2021 was performed. Patients were included who had breast cancer diagnoses or pathologic lesions preoperatively. Demographic factors, comorbidities, surgical details, and oncologic history were collected. Both plastic surgery and breast surgery were present for the gender-affirming oncologic mastectomies.

Results:
Five patients were identified who presented for gender-affirming mastectomy in the context of breast pathologies. Average patient age was 50.2 ± 14.8 years, and no patients used testosterone at any time. Two (40%) patients had a prior breast surgery that included a breast reduction in one patient and breast conserving lumpectomies in another. Sentinel lymph node biopsies were performed in all patients. Only one patient had a positive sentinel lymph node and was subsequently referred for postoperative radiation and chemotherapy. No oncologic recurrence has been detected with 20.6 and 10.0 months of mean and median follow-up.

Conclusions:
When performed in a multidisciplinary and collaborative setting with breast surgeons and plastic surgeons, oncologic mastectomy can be performed safely while concurrently offering patients an aesthetic gender-affirming reconstructive outcome.
Exploring characteristics of specialization as moderators of the link between specialization and patient experience of care
Authors: Schneider Annika Maren , Wild Eva-Maria 
Published: February 2022

Background
Hospitals are increasingly pursuing specialization as a strategy to operate efficiently while delivering high-quality care. To date, however, evidence is lacking on whether hospital specialization has a consistent effect on patients’ experience of care or whether different specialization characteristics influence how specialization works.

Purpose
This study investigates whether specialization characteristics, that is, the within-specialty concentration and the within-specialty urgency score, moderate the link between hospital specialization and patient experience of care.

Methodology
We use patient-reported and administrative data from German hospitals between 2014 and 2017, with orthopedic and trauma care as the research setting. Our sample consists of 157,458 patient observations nested within 483 hospitals. We apply random-intercept multilevel modeling.

Results
Our results indicate that the effect of specialization on patient experience of care (a) decreases as the within-specialty concentration increases and (b) increases as the within-specialty urgency score increases.

Conclusion
This study provides novel insights into the specialization characteristics that make hospital specialization in orthopedic and trauma care particularly effective at improving patient experiences.

Practice Implications
Although specialization is gaining popularity as a strategy for pooling scarce resources and facilitating high-quality health care, hospital managers and policymakers should consider that certain characteristics of specialization can influence the way that specialization works and how effective it is in improving patient experiences. Within the scope of orthopedic and trauma care, our study suggests that a low concentration of diagnoses within a service area and a high average level of medical urgency make specialization particularly effective at improving patient experiences.
Training in Paediatric Clinical Nutrition Across Europe
Authors: Papadopoulou Alexandra , Ribes‐Koninckx Carmen , Baker Alastair , Noni Maria , Koutri Eleni , Karagianni Maria‐Vasiliki , Protheroe Sue , Guarino Alfredo , Mas Emmanuel , Wilschanski Michael , Roman Enriqueta , Escher Johanna , Furlano Raoul I. , Posovszky Carsten , Hoffman Ilse , Veres Gabor , Bronsky Jiri , Hauer Almuthe Christine , Tjesic‐Drinkovic Duska , Fotoulaki Maria , Orel Rok , Urbonas Vaidotas , Kansu Aydan , Georgieva Miglena , Koletzko Berthold 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTObjectives/Background:Disease‐related malnutrition is common in patients with chronic diseases and has detrimental effects, therefore, skills in nutrition care are essential core competencies for paediatric digestive medicine. The aim of this survey, conducted as part of a global survey of paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition (PGHN) training in Europe, was to assess nutrition care‐related infrastructure, staff, and patient volumes in European PGHN training centres.Methods:Standardized questionnaires related to clinical nutrition (CN) care were completed by representatives of European PGHN training centres between June 2016 and December 2019.Results:One hundred training centres from 17 European countries, Turkey, and Israel participated in the survey. Dedicated CN clinics exist in 66% of the centres, with fulltime and part‐time CN specialists in 66% and 42%, respectively. Home tube feeding (HTF) andhome parenteral nutrition (HPN) programmes are in place in 95% and 77% of centres, respectively. Twenty‐four percent of centres do not have a dedicated dietitian and 55% do not have a dedicated pharmacist attached to the training centre. Even the largest centres with >5000 outpatients reported that 25% and 50%, respectively do not have a dedicated dietitian or pharmacist. Low patient numbers on HTF and HPN of <5 annually are reported by 13% and 43% of centres, respectively.Conclusions:The survey shows clear differences and deficits in Clinical Nutrition training infrastructure, including staff and patient volumes, in European PGHN training centres, leading to large differences and limitations in training opportunities in Clinical Nutrition.
High uric acid induced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment involving intramitochondrial NF-κB inhibitor α/nuclear factor-κB pathway
Authors: Shi Chun , Guo Han , Liu Xintong 
Published: February 2022

Objectives
Epidemiological research has indicated that hyperuricemia may impair cognitive ability; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study thus investigated the possible mechanism underlying hyperuricemia-related cognitive impairment.

Methods
Using hyperuricemic rats and high uric acid (UA) intracerebroventricularly treated mice, the current study elucidated whether and how high UA impaired cognitive ability and hippocampal mitochondrial bioenergetic function.

Results
Hyperuricemia induced UA uptake by hippocampal mitochondria, which impaired cognitive ability and disrupted the bioenergetic function of hippocampal mitochondria, indicated by reduced ATP production and decreased cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. Mechanistically, excess UA might trigger intramitochondrial NF-κB inhibitor α (IκBα)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway to downregulate the subunit III of COX (COXIII).

Conclusion
The results provided new insights into the mechanism underlying hyperuricemia-related cognitive decline.
FG7142 combined with restraint stress induces anxiogenic-like effects via downregulation gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptors expression in the hippocampus
Authors: Wei Xiaoyue , Wang Kezhu , Gao Jinfeng , Chen Shijian , Zeng Siying , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: February 2022

Objectives
The existing anxiety animal models are susceptible to interference, and no single animal anxiety model can predict the future anxiolytic potential and profile of new putative anxiolytics. Therefore, to find a better anxiety animal model, we used FG7142, a nonselective benzodiazepine inverse agonist. This anxiety animal model was established by intraperitoneal injection of FG7142 combined with restraint stress.

Methods
Adult male C57BL/6J mice (18–20 g) were randomly classified into five groups (n = 10 per group), namely the control, restraint stress, restraint stress + 10 mg/kg FG7142, restraint stress + 20 mg/kg FG7142, restraint stress +30 mg/kg FG7142. The impact on behavior was explored by elevated plus maze, and marble burying test, followed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR enabled the elucidation of the possible mechanism.

Results
Compared with the control group and restraint stress group, intraperitoneal injection of FG7142 combined with restraint stress model group was found to induce anxiogenic-like behavior in elevated plus maze and marble burying test. Moreover, relative to the control group, significantly increased expression of c-fos in the hippocampus and amygdala in the model group was evident, whereas the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A mRNA was significantly decreased in the hippocampus.

Conclusions
These results indicated that FG7142 combined with restraint stress is sufficient to induce anxiety, and its mechanism is associated with downregulation of hippocampal gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptors.
Long-term outcome of corneal collagen crosslinking with riboflavin and UV-A irradiation for keratoconus
Authors: Seifert Franziska K. , Theuersbacher Johanna , Schwabe Dorothee , Lamm Olga S. , Hillenkamp Jost , Kampik Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate long-term outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) using riboflavin and UV-A irradiation and to determine when to repeat CXL.MethodsIn this retrospective consecutive interventional case series 131 eyes of 131 patients (95 male, 36 female, mean age 29.7±11.4 years) between 2006 and 2016 received standard CXL (Dresden protocol, epithelium-off) for progressive keratoconus. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and corneal tomography (K1, K2, Kmax) were repeatedly recorded 1 year (n=103 eyes) to 10 years (n=44) postoperatively. Only one eye per patient was included. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test was used for parametric and nonparametric data, respectively.Results1 to 3 years preoperatively, median K2 significantly increased by 1.1D (p<0.001). Postoperatively, median K2 increased by 0.1D after 1 year, then decreased over the remaining postoperative period by 0.85D (p=0.021). Median apical corneal thickness decreased by 16µm (p=0.012) after 5 years and then returned to preoperative values. Mean CDVA showed a significant improvement (decrease in logMAR 0.12 after 10 years, p=0.010). Kmax fluctuated without significant change. CXL non-responders, defined by a postoperative increase in Kmax>2D, increased from 16% after 5 to 33% after 10 years. Risk factors for non-response were young age, high astigmatism, thin cornea, and atopic dermatitis. 4 eyes were re-treated 3–4 years after first CXL without complications and keratoconus stabilized thereafter.ConclusionsCXL can slow or stop keratoconus progression. However, as the number of responders declines after 5 years, patients with risk factors may require re-treatment.
Disentangling the molecular mechanisms underlying the retrieval and extinction of morphine withdrawal-associated memories in the basolateral amygdala and dentate gyrus
Authors: Franco-García Aurelio , Fernández-Gómez Francisco José , Gómez-Murcia Victoria , Hidalgo Juana M. , Núñez Cristina , Milanés M. Victoria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite their indisputable efficacy for pain management, opiates prescription remains highly controversial due to their elevated addictive potential. Relapse in drug use is one of the principal problems for addiction treatment, being drug-associated memories among its main triggers. Consequently, the extinction of these memories has been proposed as a useful therapeutic tool. Hence, by using the conditioned place aversion (CPA) paradigm in rats we investigated some of the molecular mechanisms that occurred during the retrieval and extinction of morphine withdrawal memories in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), which control emotional and episodic memories, respectively. The retrieval of aversive memories associated with the abstinence syndrome paralleled with decreased mTOR activity and increased Arc and GluN1 expressions in the DG. Additionally, Arc mRNA levels in this nucleus very strongly correlated with the CPA score exhibited by the opiate-treated rats. On the other hand, despite the unaltered mTOR phosphorylation Arc augmented in the BLA. After the extinction test, Arc and GluN1 expressions raised in both the DG and BLA of control and morphine-treated animals. Remarkably, Homer1 expression in both areas correlated almost perfectly with the extinction showed by morphinedependent animals. Also, Arc expression in the DG correlated strongly with the extinction of the CPA manifested by the group treated with the opiate. Finally, our results support coordinated activity of some of these neuroplastic proteins for the extinction of morphine activity in a regional-dependent manner. Present data provide evidence of differential expression and activity of synaptic molecules during the retrieval and extinction of aversive memories of opiate withdrawal in amygdalar and hippocampal regions that will likely permit the development of therapeutic strategies able to minimize relapses induced by drug-associated aversive memories.