bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of rosmarinic acid on the transmembrane transporter Ctr1 expression in cisplatin-treated mice
Authors: Akhter Juheb , Goswami Poonam , Ali Beg Mirza Masroor , Ahmad Shahzad , Najmi Abul Kalam , Raisuddin Sheikh 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), CP) is a platinum-based anticancer drug widely used in the treatment of solid malignancies. However, its side effects, particularly nephrotoxicity, are limiting factors in its clinic use. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural antioxidant compound, is reported to attenuate oxidative stress and associated pathophysiological outcomes. Our study aimed to explore the protective effect of RA against CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI).

Materials and Methods:
We investigated the effect of RA at the dose of 100 mg/kg on AKI induced by CP (20 mg/kg) in mice. Various parameters of nephrotoxicity such as levels of serum electrolytes, albumin, and globulin were measured using standardized methods. Besides, a specific biomarker of damage to proximal tubular cells, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), was measured in the serum by ELISA. mRNA expression of Kim-1 and a transmembrane transporter, copper transporter 1 (Ctr1), was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. CTR1 expression was also analyzed by western blot technique.

Results:
RA treatment restored the downregulated CTR1 , a renal transmembrane transporter in CP-treated mice. It was accompanied by a reduction in the level of serum albumin and globulin. Serum electrolytes such as Na+, K+, and Ca2+ in CP-treated mice were found to be restored with RA treatment. Moreover, RA also significantly downregulated the increased expression of nephrotoxicity biomarker KIM-1.

Conclusions:
Overall, RA proved to be an effective nephroprotective compound which afforded protection at cellular and subcellular levels with an appreciable modulatory effect on a transmembrane transporter.
Status of cancer treatment by radiotherapy and requirement of radiation oncology medical physicists in Asia Oceania federation of organizations for medical physics region
Authors: Chougule Arun 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Cancer is a major health problem worldwide including Asian–Pacific region. The region hosts over 4.5 billion people, over 60% of the world population and very divergent socioeconomically. The major cancers in the region in male include lung, stomach, liver, colorectal and esophagus and in female breast, lung, cervix, colorectal, and stomach. Over 60% of cancer patients need radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy, and therefore, radiotherapy is the main and essential modality of cancer treatment. Radiation oncology medical physicists play a pivotal role in efficient implementation of radiotherapy. This study was aimed to assess the status of cancer treatment by radiotherapy and the requirement of radiation oncology medical physicists in the region.

Materials and Methods:
To access the status and requirement of radiotherapy machines, availability of radiation oncology physicists in the region of Asia Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (AFOMP), we have carried out a survey by sending questioners to AFOMP National Medical Physics Organizations (NMO). We received response from 21 countries, 100% response, regarding availability of teletherapy units, number of medical physicists working in radiotherapy and related information. Using GLOBOCAN cancer incidence data and considering 62.5% of cancer patients need radiotherapy treatment and up to 500 cancer patients can be treated in a year on one teletherapy machine, the gap between the available and required teletherapy machine to treat all the cancer patients requiring radiotherapy is estimated. Further, we estimated the gap between radiotherapy medical physicists available and required as per International Atomic Energy Agency and European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology guidelines.

Results:
It was observed that availability of teletherapy machines in AFOMP region is 0.21–14.0 teletherapy machine/million population and radiotherapy medical physicist are 0.82–2.43/teletherapy unit.
Role of maintenance paclitaxel in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Beniwal Surender , Dhaka Saroj , Rajani Anil , Jakhar Shankar Lal , Kumar H. S. S. , Sharma Neeti 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to assess the benefits of maintenance chemotherapy (CT) in epithelial ovarian cancer with CT and surgery. The primary and secondary endpoints of the study were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively.

Patients and Methods:
Three hundred patients with ovarian cancer (registered between January 2012 and December 2013) received 6 cycles of 3 weekly CT (injection paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 + injection carboplatin 6 AUC) and surgery. After 4 weeks of completion of the above treatment, patients were assessed for response with radiological imaging and serum CA125. Then, these patients were randomly allotted in two arms; 150 patients in Arm A received 6 cycles of single agent, 3 weekly injection paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 as maintenance therapy while 150 patients in Arm B, were on observation. The follow-up was done at 1 month, then 3 monthly in the 1st year and 6 monthly in the 2nd year to evaluate PFS and annually up to 5 years for OS.

Results:
The PFS at 1 and 2 years was 91% and 80% in study arm and 65% and 50% in control arm; the differences were statistically significant (P = 0.010). The 5-year overall survival was 43% versus 38% in study and control arms, respectively (P = 0.410) and 5-year PFS was 28% versus 18% (P = 0.039) in maintenance and observation arm, respectively. Except for peripheral neuropathy, there was no statistically significant difference in toxicities between the two arms.

Conclusion:
The study suggests that 6 cycles of single-agent paclitaxel maintenance therapy significantly prolongs the duration of PFS and better trends toward OS, though a large study is needed to come to a conclusion.
Solitary osteochondroma of the rib: An unusual chest wall tumor in the pediatric age group
Authors: Tiwari Charu , Borkar Nitinkumar , Hussain Nighat , Khubchandani Naveen 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Pediatric chest wall tumors are unusual and can arise from bone structures or from adjacent soft tissues. Osteochondroma is a benign cartilaginous tumor arising from the metaphysis of bone; however, it is more common in extremity rather than in membranous bone. Although benign, osteochondroma of the rib may lead to fatal complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, fractures, and pleural or pericardial effusion. Therefore, some form of surgical management becomes necessary to treat these lesions. We present a case of 7-year-old female child with solitary osteochondroma of the rib. The tumor was surgically excised and the child is asymptomatic on follow-up.
Mortality and Survival Analysis of Burn Patients Admitted in a Critical Care Burn Unit, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammari Salem Mohammad , Almarzouq Sawsan , Alghamdi Abdulrahman Abdulaziz , Shash Hani 
Published: September 2022

Background
Burn injury is associated with a high mortality risk. Recent epidemiological data on burn injury and mortality rate from Saudi Arabia is lacking.

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze the survival rates and its predictability using the Baux score in patients with burn injury at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included all patients admitted to the burn unit at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, between March 2014 and February 2020. Patients' burn characteristics and calculated revised Baux scores were collected. The age, burn wound size, type of burn, burn extension, and Baux score of the survivors and non-survivors were compared.

Results:
A total number of 102 patients were included, and their mean age was 24.2 years (range: 9 months to 78 years). The mean affected total body surface area was 26.4%. Ninety patients (88%) suffered from flame/scald burn. The mortality rate was 17.6% (18 patients); all these patients had flame burns. No patient with a revised Baux score ≥110 survived (n = 14; 77% of the total deaths), while there was no mortality at score <36. Inhalational injuries were reported in 18 patients, of which 13 (72%) died. Patients with patent airway and no inhalation injury were 19 times more likely to survive than those with a compromised airway (P < 0.001). In terms of the depth of burn, partial thickness increased the likeliness of survival by 10 times compared with full thickness (P < 0.003).

Conclusion:
Inhalational injury and burn size were the most prognostic factors of burn injury in this study. As all cases of mortality were from flame burns, regulation on flammable materials and safety measures should be promoted to the public.
An improved sparsity‐aware normalized least‐mean‐square scheme for underwater communication
Authors: Kumar Anand , Kumar Prashant 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderwater communication (UWC) is widely used in coastal surveillance and early warning systems. Precise channel estimation is vital for efficient and reliable UWC. The sparse direct‐adaptive filtering algorithms have become popular in UWC. Herein, we present an improved adaptive convex‐combination method for the identification of sparse structures using a reweighted normalized least‐mean‐square (RNLMS) algorithm. Moreover, to make RNLMS algorithm independent of the reweighted
‐norm parameter, a modified sparsity‐aware adaptive zero‐attracting RNLMS (AZA‐RNLMS) algorithm is introduced to ensure accurate modeling. In addition, we present a quantitative analysis of this algorithm to evaluate the convergence speed and accuracy. Furthermore, we derive an excess mean‐square‐error expression that proves that the AZA‐RNLMS algorithm performs better for the harsh underwater channel. The measured data from the experimental channel of SPACE08 is used for simulation, and results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm for underwater channel estimation performs better than the earlier schemes.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pernikahan Usia Muda Di Desa Gunung Sembung Kecamatan Pagaden Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Ade Rahayu Prihartini  , Rosidah  
Published: September 2022

Pernikahan usia muda merupakan pernikahan di bawah usia kurang dari 20 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi pernikahan usia muda di Desa Gunung Sembung Kecamatan Pagaden Kabupaten Subang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey analitik dengan menggunakan analisa secara univariat dan bivariat dengan populasinya yaitu wanita yang menikah di Desa Gunung Sembung sebanyak 50 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian univariat yaitu terdapat 19 orang (38%) menikah di usia muda dan sebanyak 31 orang (62%) tidak menikah di usia muda, sebanyak 18 orang (36%) dengan ekonomi rendah dan sebanyak 32 orang (64%) dengan tingkat ekonomi tinggi 2018 sebanyak 18 orang (36%) Ada hubungan factor pendidikan dengan pernikahan usia Hasil analisa bivariat hasilnya muda di Desa Gunung Sembung Kecamatan Pagaden Kabupaten Subang dengan nilai p value 0,000 atau p value < 0,05.
MÜLKİYET HAKKI VE KAMULAŞTIRMA
Authors: ORHAN Ahmet Raşit 
Published: September 2022

Mülkiyet hakkı, tarih boyunca vazgeçilmez bir insan hakkı olarak karşımıza çıksa da diğer temel haklar gibi sınırlanması mümkün kılınmıştır. Devlet ve kamu tüzel kişilerinin kamu hizmetlerini yürütürken ortaya çıkan taşınmaz ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak gayesiyle başvurduğu kamulaştırma işlemi de mülkiyet hakkına getirilen en önemli sınırlamaların başında gelmektedir. Kamulaştırma işlemi ile mülkiyet hakkı sahibi taşınmaz malikinin mülkiyet hakkı ortadan kaldırılmaktadır.
Kamulaştırma her ne kadar idari işlem olarak karşımıza çıksa da sonuçlarını özel mülkiyete tabi taşınmazlar üzerinde doğurmaktadır. Ayrıca kamulaştırma işleminin idari yönü olduğu gibi adli yönü de mevcuttur.
Çalışmamızda en temel ve vazgeçilmez insan haklarından biri olan mülkiyet hakkı tanımı, kapsamı ve içeriğine değinildikten sonra bu hakkın sınırlaması niteliğinde olan kamulaştırma işlemi için uyulması gereken esas ve usullere değinilmiştir.
Effects of Motorcycle Accidents on Household Livelihood in Vihiga County, Kenya
Authors: Okalo Radon Lipakhala , Khisa Gladys , Kagendo Jane 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: World Health Organization reports that more than 1.2 million people die every year due to road transport related traffic accidents. In Kenya approximately one in every five death is due to road traffic accidents. In Vihiga County, motorcycles are the leading cause of accidents with victims increasing from 140 in 2008 to 338 in 2018. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to analyze motorcycle accident effects on household livelihood in Vihiga County, Kenya.
Methodology: The study was modeled around the system theory. A descriptive research design was adopted with a target population of 140 respondents who were the victims of the road traffic accident were involved using the census technique. Data collection was done using questionnaires and interviews. Validity test was by construct validity while reliability test involved the use of Cronbach’ alpha. Data was analyzed into frequencies, cumulative frequencies and percentages using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 16). The study findings indicated that motorcycle accidents have an effect on livelihoods because families find it difficult accessing basic needs after their bread winner is involved in a road accident. There is an association between motorcycle accidents and access to food with chi-square of 4.487 and p-value of 0.016.
Unique contribution to practice and policy: The study recommends that the government should train all riders to impart them with skills that will help reduce accidents and also revise the driving school curriculum in order to seal loopholes that see unqualified motorcycle riders on the road. National Transport and Safety authority to make known to the public blackspot areas especially in Hamisi sub county and ensure safety measures are taken to stop motorcycle accidents. Traffic police department to reinforce traffic rules especially on the use of helmets as most of the injuries that were fatal were as a result of riding without helmets. Ministry of education through the constituency development fund committee to identify children from families with victims of motorcycle accidents and ensure their fees is paid to avoid the high school dropout cases. The government to incorporate NGOs offering humanitarian services to consider including families of victims of motorcycle accidents in their feeding program to ensure they access food. Finally, public campaign to be carried out to sensitize the motorcycle riders on importance of subscribing to NHIF so as to be able to access treatment in case of an accident.
papel de las organizaciones populares en la actual situación del país
Authors: Campos Tomás R. 
Published: September 2022

Este es un trabajo que en sus primeros cinco apartados fue escrito antes del 15 de octubre. Sólo el apartado sexto ha sido escrito tras la insurrección militar. Sin embargo, no puede entenderse la naturaleza y el origen de las Organizaciones Populares (OP), si no se tiene en cuenta la situación en la que se encontraba el país en los últimos años. Por ello el trabajo mantiene su vigencia, aunque algunas frases y juicios sobre la insurrección y las guerrillas deben mantenerse en suspenso y aún suprimidas, si la actual Junta Revolucionaria de Gobierno comenzará un serio proceso de democratización y de profundas transformaciones estructurales. En el último apartado se apuntan nuevas perspectivas para el problema de las OP en el país. Entendemos que este es el primer trabajo de conjunto que se hace sobre las OP en El Salvador. No es un trabajo histórico ni un trabajo documental. Es más bien un trabajo teórico, que alude a datos y hechos cuando esto es necesario para justificar una interpretación. Lo que pretende es trazar el cuadro general que pudiera englobar los temas particulares y que pudiera servir de base para una interpretación general. Se intenta así dar una valoración ético-política de las OP, justificando su derecho y su razón de ser. Se ofrecen algunas propuestas políticas tanto de cara a los poderes del Estado y a la opinión pública como de cara a las propias OP. Se analiza más tarde el uso de la violencia por parte de las OP, tratando de aclarar conceptos sobre este tema tan debatido y discutiendo en qué condiciones la violencia es legítima y con qué límites. Finalmente se trata el caso de los grupos guerrilleros, por su conexión con las OP. Todas estas partes estaban preparadas para ir a la imprenta el 23 de noviembre. Se han añadido unas pocas páginas para enfocar el problema general en la nueva situación. Son páginas provisionales e hipotéticas, pues ni definen la nueva situación ni consecuentemente tienen una única respuesta para las OP en ella. La pretensión del trabajo es modesta. Si logra trazar un cuadro en que estén incluidos los problemas principales de las OP de cara a la realidad total de El Salvador y al proceso que debe propiciarse habrá cumplido con su objetivo. Sobre un tema del que hay tan poco conocimiento, esta primera aproximación pudiera iniciar un diálogo que llevará a una mejor comprensión del fenómeno.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 372-373, 1979: 923-946.
Mensaje dirigido a la Asamblea General de la Asociación Nacional de la Empresa Privada (ANEP) por el Presidente de la Entidad, Don Francisco Calleja Malaina, el 28 de septiembre de 1979
Authors: El Editor  
Published: September 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 372-373, 1979: 1013-1033.
Post-Market Drug Evaluation
Authors: Mittmann Nicole 
Published: September 2022

CADTH has launched a new Post-Market Drug Evaluation Program to fill a key gap in Canada’s drug safety and effectiveness landscape.
The cornerstone of the new program is the CoLab — an evidence generation network comprised of leading experts from across Canada in applied research, drug evaluation methodologies, and data analysis. It will answer questions from senior government decision-makers with timely and targeted evidence reviews based on real-world data.
CADTH’s Post-Market Drug Evaluation Program will help Canada’s health systems determine if the drugs already being used in a real-world setting are safe, work as intended, and are used appropriately.
Mass spectrometric measurements of ambient ions and estimation of gaseous sulfuric acid in the free troposphere and lowermost stratosphere during the CAFE-EU/BLUESKY campaign
Authors: Zauner-Wieczorek Marcel , Heinritzi Martin , Granzin Manuel , Keber Timo , Kürten Andreas , Kaiser Katharina , Schneider Johannes , Curtius Joachim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Ambient ions play an important role in atmospheric
processes such as ion-induced new particle formation. While there are
several studies of ambient ions for different layers of the atmosphere, data
coverage for the free troposphere and especially the upper troposphere and
lower stratosphere (UTLS) region is scarce. Here, we present the first
airborne measurements of ambient ions using a high-resolution atmospheric
pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HR-APi-TOF-MS) in the
free troposphere and lower stratosphere above Europe on board the HALO
aircraft during the CAFE-EU/BLUESKY campaign in May and June 2020. In
negative measurement mode, we observed nitrate and hydrogen sulfate and
their related ion clusters in an altitude range of 4.7 to 13.4 km. The
horizontal profiles for those ions reveal an increasing count rate for
NO3- and (HNO3)NO3- towards higher altitudes but
no significant trend for HSO4−. From the count rates of the nitrate
(NO3-) and hydrogen sulfate (HSO4-) core ions, we
inferred the number concentration of gaseous sulfuric acid. The lowest
average value was found to be 1.9×105 cm−3 at the
maximum altitude bin, i.e. 13.4 km. The highest average value of
7.8×105 cm−3 was observed in the 8.7–9.2 km altitude
bin. During the transit through a mixed-phase cloud, we observed an event of
enhanced ion count rates and aerosol particle concentrations that can
largely be assigned to nitrate ions and particles, respectively; this may
have been caused by the shattering of liquid cloud droplets on the surface
of the aircraft or the inlet. Furthermore, we report the proof of principle
for the measurement of ambient cations and the identification of protonated
pyridine.
Topology and spatial-pressure-distribution reconstruction of an englacial channel
Authors: Piho Laura , Alexander Andreas , Kruusmaa Maarja 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Information about glacier hydrology is important for understanding glacier and ice sheet dynamics. However, our knowledge about water pathways and pressure remains limited, as in situ observations are sparse and methods for direct area-wide observations are limited due to the extreme and hard-to-access nature of the environment. In this paper, we present a method that allows for in situ data collection in englacial channels using sensing drifters. Furthermore, we demonstrate a model that takes the collected data and reconstructs the planar subsurface water flow paths providing spatial reference to the continuous water pressure measurements. We showcase this method by reconstructing the 2D topology and the water pressure distribution of a free-flowing englacial channel in Austre Brøggerbreen (Svalbard). The approach uses inertial measurements from submersible sensing drifters and reconstructs the water flow path between given start and end coordinates. Validation of the method was done on a separate supraglacial channel, showing an average error of 3.9 m and the total channel length error of 29 m (6.5 %). At the englacial channel, the average error is 12.1 m; the length error is 107 m (11.6 %); and the water pressure standard deviation is 3.4 hPa (0.3 %). Our method allows for mapping of subsurface water flow paths and spatially referencing the pressure distribution within. Further, our method would be extendable to the reconstruction of other, previously underexplored subsurface fluid flow paths such as pipelines or karst caves.
Pengaruh Employee Engagement Terhadap Employee Performance (Studi Kasus pada PT XYZ Bandung)
Authors: Fauzya Hilma Aziza , Chaniago Harmon 
Published: September 2022

Tujuan- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai employee engagement dan employee performance serta bagaimana pengaruh employee engagement terhadap employee performance di PT XYZ Bandung.
Desain/Metodologi/Pendekatan- Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan melibatkan 152 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang hasilnya diolah dengan metode deskriptif dan regresi linear sederhana melalui software SPSS 25
Temuan- Gambaran employee engagement dan employee performance di PT XYZ Bandung masing-masing dalam keadaan “cukup” dan “baik”. Kemudian, terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan dari variabel employee engagement terhadap employee performance sebesar 37,2%.