bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Resolution of a Chiral Open-Chain Host Having a Partial Structure of p-tert-Butylsulfinylcalix[4]arene
Authors: Sakamoto Atsuya , Budiutama Gekko Patria , Takayama Yoshihiro , Morohashi Naoya , Hattori Tetsutaro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An open-chain carboxylic acid host with a chiral sulfinyl group (4) was synthesized from 3,3′-thiobis[(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid] (2) by oxidation of the epithio linkage with mCPBA, followed by acid-catalyzed monoesterification with propan-1-ol. The monoester was resolved via diastereomeric salt formation using quinidine as a resolving agent. The absolute configuration of (+)-4 was assigned to be (R) by X-ray analysis.
Economic burden of out-of-pocket expenditure, productivity cost during pregnancy and COVID-19 impact on household economy in a cohort of pregnant women in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka; A study protocol
Authors: Gunarathne Sajaan Praveena , Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana , Agampodi Thilini Chanchala , Prasanna Indika Ruwan , Agampodi Suneth Buddhika 
Published: January 2022

Background: Investigating the out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) associated with maternal health is important since OOPE directly affects the affordability of health services. Global evidence suggests the importance of capturing the productivity cost during pregnancy in terms of absenteeism and presenteeism. Furthermore, the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on the household economy needs to be further evaluated as pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups. This study aims at determining the economic burden of OOPE, productivity cost, and COVID-19 impact on pregnant women's household economy in a cohort of pregnant women in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka. Methods: The study setting is all 22 Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas in Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka. The study has three components; a follow-up study of a cohort of pregnant women to assess the magnitude and associated factors of OOPE and to assess the productivity cost (Component 1), a qualitative case study to explore the impact and causes of the OOPE under free health services (Component 2) and a cross-sectional study to describe the effects of COVID-19 outbreak on household economy (Component 3). The study samples consist of 1,393 and 1,460 participants for components one and three, respectively, and 25 pregnant women will be recruited for component two. The data will be analyzed using descriptive, parametric, and non-parametric statistics for the first and third components and thematic analysis for the second component. Discussion: With the lack of evidence on OOPE, productivity loss/cost in terms of maternal health, and COVID-19 impact on household economy in Sri Lanka, the evidence generated from this study would be valuable for policymakers, health care administrators, and health care practitioners globally, regionally, and locally to plan for future measures for reducing the OOPE, productivity loss/cost, and minimizing the economic hardship of the COVID-19 outbreak during pregnancy.
A quantitative study exploring the acceptance of the eHealth model for mental wellness among digital workers
Authors: Tan Choon Hong , Koo Ah Choo , Rahmat Hawa , Siew Wei Fern , Cheang Alexius Weng Onn , Amir Sharji Elyna 
Published: January 2022

Background: eHealth makes use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve health. In the digital age, the use of eHealth applications and other health-related applications has gained popularity, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the pandemic, many uncertainties have arisen, causing stress and affecting the mental health of many skilled workers in the digital industry, particularly in the ICT, computing, and creative media industries. eHealth applications have the potential to benefit people's health. As a prerequisite for effective implementation of eHealth for mental wellness (EHMW), this paper examines the acceptance of EHMW among digital workers in Malaysia. The objectives of this research are two-fold: 1) To explore the acceptance of EHMW among digital workers in a local Premier Digital Tech Institution (PDTI), and 2) To explore how these talents' demographic profiles, mental health literacy and workplace wellness influence their acceptance of EHMW. Methods: This research surveyed 41 digital workers who played vital roles in providing digital skills at a tertiary education level. Results: Most respondents agreed that eHealth was appropriate for managing mental wellness. Among the three eHealth domains for managing mental wellness, the acceptance level is the highest for the application domain of "interacting for health", with male respondents more likely to accept the use of EHMW. Conclusions: This small-scale survey could not fully examine the acceptance of eHealth and its usage patterns for mental wellness among digital workers in Malaysia. Future research will target more digital workers in Malaysia. This research addresses the research gap on the eHealth perspectives of digital workers on their acceptance, and the potential influence of demographic profiles, mental health literacy, and workplace wellness on EHMW's acceptance of digital health tools/platforms to promote their mental wellness.
Comparison of invasive histological and molecular methods in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori from gastric biopsies of Sudanese patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elnosh Maram , Altayb Hisham , Hamedelnil Yousif , Elshareef Wafa , Abugrain Aliaa , Osman Esraa , Albasha Aalaa , Abdelhamid Abdelhamid , Moglad Ehssan , AbdAlla Ahmed , Ismail Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Background: The continuous rise in the number of patients suffering from Helicobacter pylori is probably due to the changes in modern life. Nowadays, patients suffering from gastrointestinal problems are diagnosed through invasive and non-invasive techniques. The choice of a diagnostic test is influenced by factors such as the tests' sensitivity and specificity, the clinical conditions, and the cost-effectiveness of the testing strategy. This study aimed to compare molecular detection methods of H. pylori by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 16S rRNA, ureA and glmM genes with an invasive histopathological technique. Methods: 290 gastric biopsies were collected using gastrointestinal endoscopy from patients with gastritis symptoms in different hospitals in Khartoum state. Two gastric biopsies were collected from each patient for PCR and histopathology. Results: A total of 103 (35.5%) samples were positive by histopathological examination, 88 (30.3%) by 16S rRNA, 39 (13.4%) by glmM gene, and 56 (19.3%) by ureA gene. The highest sensitivity was observed in 16S rRNA (46.6%), followed by glmM (24.3%) and ureA (23.3%). While the best specificity was observed in glmM gene (92.5%), followed by ureA (82.3%) and 16S rRNA (78.6%). Conclusion: PCR test targeting the 16S rRNA gene exhibited the best results for molecular detection of H. pylori compared to other genes.
Research Software vs. Research Data II: Protocols for Research Data dissemination and evaluation in the Open Science context
Authors: Gomez-Diaz Teresa , Recio Tomas 
Published: January 2022

Background: Open Science seeks to render research outputs visible, accessible and reusable. In this context, Research Data and Research Software sharing and dissemination issues provide real challenges to the scientific community, as consequence of recent progress in political, legal and funding requirements. Methods: We take advantage from the approach we have developed in a precedent publication, in which we have highlighted the similarities between the Research Data and Research Software definitions. Results: The similarities between Research Data and Research Software definitions can be extended to propose protocols for Research Data dissemination and evaluation derived from those already proposed for Research Software dissemination and evaluation. We also analyze FAIR principles for these outputs. Conclusions: Our proposals here provide concrete instructions for Research Data and Research Software producers to make them more findable and accessible, as well as arguments to choose suitable dissemination platforms to complete the FAIR framework. Future work could analyze the potential extension of this parallelism to other kinds of research outputs that are disseminated under similar conditions to those of Research Data and Research Software, that is, without widely accepted publication procedures involving editors or other external actors and where the dissemination is usually restricted through the hands of the production team.
Sense of coherence among patients with multiple sclerosis and its relevant factors
Authors: Zadeh Niloofar Hejazi , Pirzadeh Fatemeh , Monjazebi Fatemeh 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Although a strong sense of coherence (SOC) can result in positive outcomes in a patient with multiple sclerosis, studies on this concept and its relevant factors are limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aims of evaluating the SOC and determining its relevant factors among patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: The descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Iran in 2019. Some 200 patients with multiple sclerosis, who referred to the Alborz Multiple Sclerosis Association, were selected through a convenience sampling method. The 29-item SOC scale, which was developed in 1987 by Antonovsky, was used in order to evaluate the SOC. In this scale, the minimum and the maximum scores are 29 and 203, respectively, with a higher score demonstrating a stronger SOC. Results: The mean and the standard deviation of the SOC score was 100.30±7.9. The mean scores in the elements of comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness were 41.1, 34.2 and 25.1, respectively. Among the demographic variables, age, duration of disease, stage of disease, history of hospitalisation, number of hospitalisations and economic status were significantly associated with the patients' SOC. Conclusions: In this study, the SOC among the patients studied was low, and the relevant factors determined can be used by clinical experts and researchers in this field in order to evaluate and to strengthen the SOC in this group of patients.
A multiple sclerosis nurse specialist narrative, focusing on supporting people to manage cognitive changes
Authors: Jarrett Louise 
Published: January 2022

Background: Cognitive changes are common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Interventions from health professionals can focus on assessment, measurement and advice on management strategies. Such interventions are often delivered in a discreet number of planned therapy sessions. MS nurse specialists plan appointments and education sessions, but also provide access for a person with MS to seek unplanned support for example via MS nurse advice lines or digital services. Aim: This article explores my role as an MS specialist nurse. Centring on reflective practice as a tool to access my nursing experience. Specialist nurse interventions to support people with MS to manage their cognitive function are highlighted. Method: Narrative methodology was used to reflect on my practice over a 10-month period. Findings: Insights into my practice are presented as a narrative text. A fundamental thread emerged of cultivating trust and a therapeutic relationship. Strategies included: being with people on their MS journey, informing, educating, confirming and legitimising their experiences; completing ongoing assessments and monitoring; making timely interventions and assessing their impact; acknowledging and working with an individual's decisions and recognising opportunities to suggest change; discussing research opportunities and considering the impact of medicines and comorbidities. Conclusion: This narrative is unique to my nursing practice and aims to resonate with the practice of other nurses. It demonstrates that an MS specialist nurse can provide timely advice, reinforcement of management strategies, and space for a person with MS to explore how their cognition may be affecting them. MS nurses have the opportunity to play a vital role in supporting people with MS to manage cognitive changes throughout the disease trajectory.
Evaluation of a structured treatment discontinuation in patients with inoperable alveolar echinococcosis on long-term benzimidazole therapy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Deibel Ansgar , Stocker Daniel , Meyer zu Schwabedissen Cordula , Husmann Lars , Kronenberg Philipp Andreas , Grimm Felix , Deplazes Peter , Reiner Cäcilia S. , Müllhaupt Beat 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an orphan zoonosis of increasing concern in endemic areas, including Europe. It frequently presents in an advanced, inoperable stage, that requires life-long parasitostatic benzimidazole therapy. In some patients, long-term therapy leads to negative anti-Em18 antibody ELISA and PET. It is disputed, whether these patients are truly cured and treatment can be safely discontinued. Our aim was to retrospectively assess long-term outcome of 34 patients with inoperable AE who participated in a previous study to determine feasibility of benzimidazole treatment cessation.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of medical charts was undertaken in all 34 AE patients who participated in our previous study. Of particular interest were AE recurrence or other reasons for re-treatment in patients who stopped benzimidazole therapy and whether baseline clinical and laboratory parameters help identify of patients that might qualifiy for treatment cessation. Additionally, volumetric measurement of AE lesions on contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging was performed at baseline and last follow-up in order to quantify treatment response.

Results
12 of 34 patients stopped benzimidazole therapy for a median of 131 months. 11 of these patients showed stable or regressive AE lesions as determined by volumetric measurement. One patient developed progressive lesions with persistently negative anti-Em18 antibody ELISA but slight FDG-uptake in repeated PET imaging. At baseline, patients who met criteria for treatment cessation demonstrated higher lymphocyte count and lower total IgE.

Conclusion
Treatment cessation is feasible in inoperable AE patients, who demonstrate negative anti-Em18 antibody ELISA and PET on follow-up. Close monitoring including sectional imaging is strongly advised.
Self-reported symptoms as predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population living in the Amsterdam region, the Netherlands
Authors: Bosdriesz Jizzo R. , Ritsema Feiko , Leenstra Tjalling , Petrignani Mariska W. F. , Bruisten Sylvia M. , Coyer Liza , Schreijer Anja J. M. , van Duijnhoven Yvonne T. H. P. , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F. , Matser Amy A. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Most COVID-19 symptoms are non-specific and also common in other respiratory infections. We aimed to assess which symptoms are most predictive of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic people of the general population who were tested.

Methods
We used anonymised data of all SARS-CoV-2 test results from the Public Health Service of Amsterdam from June 1,2020 through August 31, 2021. Symptoms were self-reported at time of requesting a test. Multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to identify predictors of a positive test. Included symptoms were: cough, fever, loss of smell or taste, muscle ache, runny nose, shortness of breath, and throat ache; adjustments were made for age and gender, and stratification by month.

Results
Overall, 12.0% of 773,680 tests in 432,213 unique individuals were positive. All symptoms were significantly associated with a positive test result, the strongest positive associations were: cough (aOR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.75–1.80), fever (aOR = 2.11, 95%CI = 2.07–2.14), loss of smell or taste (aOR = 2.55, 95%CI = 2.50–2.61), and muscle ache (aOR = 2.38, 95%CI = 2.34–2.43). The adjusted odds ratios for loss of smell or taste slightly declined over time, while that for cough increased.

Conclusion
Cough, fever, loss of smell or taste, and muscle ache appear to be most strongly associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in symptomatic people of the general population who were tested.
Mapping and population size estimates of people who inject drugs in Afghanistan in 2019: Synthesis of multiple methods
Authors: Rasheed Abdul , Sharifi Hamid , Wesson Paul , Pashtoon Sayed Jalal , Tavakoli Fatemeh , Ghalekhani Nima , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Atarud Alim , Banehsi Mohammad Reza , Hamdard Naqibullah , Sadaat Said Iftekhar , McFarland Willi , Mirzazadeh Ali 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Mapping and population size estimates of people who inject drugs (PWID) provide information needed for monitoring coverage of programs and planning interventions. The objectives of this study were to provide the locations and numbers of PWID in eight cities in Afghanistan and extrapolate estimates for the country as a whole.

Methods
Multiple population size estimation methods were used, including key informant interviews for mapping and enumeration with reverse tracking, unique object and service multipliers, capture-recapture, and wisdom of the crowds. The results of the several methods were synthesized using the Anchored Multiplier–a Bayesian approach to produce point estimates and 95% credible intervals (CI). Using the prevalence of PWID in the eight cities and their correlation with proxy indicators, we extrapolated the PWID population size for all of Afghanistan.

Results
Key informants and field mapping identified 374 hotspots across the eight cities from December 29, 2018 to March 20, 2019. Synthesizing results of the multiple methods, the number of male PWID in the eight study cities was estimated to be 11,506 (95% CI 8,449–15,093), corresponding to 0.69% (95% CI 0.50–0.90) of the adult male population age 15–64 years. The total number of women who injected drugs was estimated at 484 (95% CI 356–633), corresponding to 0.03% (95% CI 0.02–0.04) of the adult female population. Extrapolating by proxy indicators, the total number of PWID in Afghanistan was estimated to be 54,782 (95% CI 40,250–71,837), men and 2,457 (95% CI 1,823–3,210) women. The total number of PWID in Afghanistan was estimated to be 57,207 (95% CI 42,049–75,005), which corresponds to 0.37% (95% CI 0.27–0.48) of the adult population age 15 to 64 years.

Discussion
This study provided estimates for the number of PWID in Afghanistan. These estimates can be used for advocating and planning services for this vulnerable at-risk population.
Mood disorders in children following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Álvarez-García María , Cuellar-Flores Isabel , Sierra-García Purificación , Martínez-Orgado José 
Published: January 2022

Background
Few studies on the consequences following newborn hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) assess the risk of mood disorders (MD), although these are prevalent after ischemic brain injury in adults.

Objective
To study the presence of MD in children survivors of NHIE.

Methods
14 children survivors of NHIE treated with hypothermia and without cerebral palsy and 15 healthy children without perinatal complications were studied aged three to six years for developmental status (Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3 [ASQ-3]) and for socio-emotional status (Preschool Symptom Self-Report [PRESS] and Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL] 1.5–5 tests). Maternal depression was assessed using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Socio-economic factors such as parental educational level or monthly income were also studied.

Results
NHIE children did not present delay but scored worse than healthy children for all ASQ3 items. NHIE children showed higher scores than healthy children for PRESS as well as for anxious/depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior items of CBCL. In addition, in three NHIE children the CBCL anxious/depressive symptoms item score exceeded the cutoff value for frank pathology (P = 0.04 vs healthy children). There were no differences in the other CBCL items as well as in maternal MADRS or parental educational level or monthly income. Neither ASQ3 scores nor MADRS score or socio-economic factors correlated with PRESS or CBCL scores.

Conclusions
In this exploratory study children survivors of NHIE showed increased risk of developing mood disturbances, in accordance with that reported for adults after brain ischemic insults. Considering the potential consequences, such a possibility warrants further research.
N-Acetylcysteine as a novel rapidly acting anti-suicidal agent: A pilot naturalistic study in the emergency setting
Authors: Hans Davinder , Rengel Anthony , Hans Jaspreet , Bassett Darryl , Hood Sean 
Published: January 2022

Objective
N-acetylcysteine has a demonstrated role as an adjunctive therapy in psychotic and affective disorders as a treatment to reduce symptoms of Bipolar Affective Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia. However, its potential as a rapidly acting anti-suicidal agent has not yet been assessed. This naturalistic study evaluates its effect in thirty patients presenting following intentional medication overdose.

Methods
Eighteen patients who ingested toxic doses of paracetamol received NAC whilst twelve other patients with other overdoses received standard supportive treatment in the emergency department setting. Symptoms were measured using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression scale at time of presentation, 24 hours, and seven days.

Results
Baseline characteristics between groups were similar. Both groups showed a significant reduction in suicidality, as measured by the suicide item of the MADRS, over time (p < 0.001). However, there was a greater reduction in suicidality in the ‘NAC group’ compared to the ‘no-NAC group’ one-week post presentation (p = 0.014). A greater proportion of the ‘no-NAC group’ still exhibited severe depressive symptoms (MADRS >32) compared to the ‘NAC group’ (p = 0.044).

Conclusion
This naturalistic study suggests NAC may have potential use as a rapidly acting treatment adjunct in major depressive disorder, warranting further investigation of its effects.
Hip-Hop in Africa: Prophets of the City and Dustyfoot Philosophers, Msia Kibona Clark (2018)
Authors: Appert Catherine M. 
Published: January 2022

Review of: Hip-Hop in Africa: Prophets of the City and Dustyfoot Philosophers, Msia Kibona Clark (2018)
New York: New York University Press, xxi, 266 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-89680-319-0, p/bk, $32.95
The moduli space of tropical curves with fixed Newton polygon
Authors: Coles Desmond , Dutta Neelav , Jiang Sifan , Morrison Ralph , Scharf Andrew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Given a lattice polygon, we study the moduli space of all tropical plane curves with that Newton polygon. We determine a formula for the dimension of this space in terms of combinatorial properties of that polygon. If this polygon is nonhyperelliptic or maximal and hyperelliptic, then this formula matches the dimension of the moduli space of nondegenerate algebraic curves with the given Newton polygon.
Das Projekt zur Erarbeitung eines Landeskonzepts für den Originalerhalt des schriftlichen Kulturguts in Berlin legt seinen Zwischenbericht vor
Authors: Graf Lisa 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Das Kompetenzzentrum Bestandserhaltung für Archive und Bibliotheken in Berlin und Brandenburg widmet sich im Auftrag der Senatsverwaltung für Kultur und Europa seit Januar 2020 der Erarbeitung eines Landeskonzepts für den Originalerhalt des in Berlin befindlichen schriftlichen Kulturerbes. Grundlage sind die im Rahmen einer groß angelegten zweiteiligen Erhebung in zahlreichen Kulturgut bewahrenden Einrichtungen generierten Daten. Der am 30. Juli 2021 veröffentlichte Projektzwischenbericht zeichnet die Entwicklungen und Planungen auf dem Weg zum Landeskonzept nach und bietet Einblicke in erste Daten der Erhebung.