bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zeolite Minerals from Wat Ocheng, Ta Ang, Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia – Occurrence, Composition, and Paragenesis
Authors: Piilonen Paula C. , Poirier Glenn , Lechner William , Rowe Ralph , Richards R. Peter 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Located in the southwest corner of the Ratanakiri Volcanic Province, the Wat Ocheng basalt is the first known zeolite locality in Cambodia. The basalt is a fine-grained, vesicular to amygdaloidal, subalkaline to transitional alkaline intraplate tholeiite comprised of 30% lath-like plagioclase (average: Ab51An45Or4), 35% interstitial augite (average: Wo44En35Fs21), 25–30% zeolites after plagioclase and volcanic glass, and minor skeletal ulvöspinel. It contains mineralized amygdales ranging in size from 0.5 × 0.5 cm to 5 × 9 cm. Nine zeolite species occur at Wat Ocheng, including analcime, chabazite-Ca, gonnardite, natrolite, phillipsite-Ca, and thomsonite-Ca, along with clays, aragonite, calcite, and pyrite. All the zeolite species are being described from Cambodia for the first time.
The zeolite and secondary mineral assemblages observed at Wat Ocheng are similar to those reported from other alkaline basalt localities, including those in neighboring Vietnam, and are a product of alteration of the primary Ca-Na minerals and volcanic glass as a result of burial metamorphism and infiltration of heated meteoric waters. The mineral assemblage is not homogeneous across amygdales within the exposed lava flow, suggesting localized closed systems, likely the result of early precipitation of clay minerals and fine-grained zeolites. Decreased porosity and differences in fluid geochemistry would account for the diversity in the observed assemblages. Four stages of hydrothermal alteration and zeolitization have been defined based on mineral textures and chemistry. Zeolite formation began with fine-grained Ca- (chabazite-Ca and phillipsite-Ca) and Na- (analcime) dominant, high TSi (Si/Si+Al) species in Stage II following deposition of clay minerals in Stage I. Stage III is characterized by increasing Na+K contents and decreasing TSi. Crystallization of coarse-grained chabazite-Ca and phillipsite-Ca with increasing Na+K contents in the rims of the crystals followed the development of natrolite with a later-stage epitaxial overgrowth of thomsonite-Ca. The final stage of mineralization (Stage IV) included late-stage calcite, pyrite, and termination of growth of acicular sprays of thomsonite-Ca. Post-magmatic cooling and circulation of meteoric water and fluids derived from alluvial sediments overlying the basalts were involved in zeolitization. Thermal sources include an underlying basaltic andesite flow as well as regional deep-seated, extensional pull-apart structures, the result of a thinned lithosphere and injection of fertile mantle following the collision of the Eurasian and Indochina plates during the Himalayan Orogeny.
Ṭarīqah al-Mubāsyarah dalam Pembelajaran Mahārah al-Kalām di Kelas I KMI Pondok Modern Arrisalah Ponorogo
Authors: Rohman Addib Ngabdul , Muqorrobin Syamsul , Ana Sri 
Published: February 2022

The title of this paper is Al-Ṭarīqah Al-Mubāsyarah in Mahārah Al-Kalām Learning in Class 1 KMI Pondok Modern Arrisalah Ponorogo. This study aims to determine Al-Ṭarīqah Al-Mubāsyarah in Mahārah Al-Kalām learning, the factors that influence it, and the advantages and disadvantages in its application. This was a case study qualitative research. In this qualitative research, interviews, observations, and documentation were used to collect data. The analysis in this study used data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The result of this research is the application of Mahārah Al-Kalãm Arabic learning using the direct method are divided into three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The advantages of learning Mahārah Al-Kalm with the direct method are: (1) the teacher is easy to convey the material; (2) the students are active in learning; and (3) it is easy to measure learning outcomes. The weaknesses of learning Mahārah al-Kalām with the direct method are: (1) it takes a lot of time; (2) it lacks detail in the material; and (3) the teacher cannot focus on one aspect.
MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION: Effort in Overcoming Problems of Cultural Conflict in Indonesia
Authors: Ridho Muhammad Rasyid , Tumin Tumin 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the concept of multicultural education, multicultural education for conflict resolution, the implementation of multicultural education in educational units, and the decision of the curriculum of multicultural education. This study uses a qualitative description method with the nature of research literature research. As a result of this study, people respect each other more because the concept of multicultural education aims to provide solutions and minimize conflicts caused by multidimensional and heterogeneous social situations. Can understand that respect unity and justice diversity context. Multicultural education basically exists to deal with conflict phenomena in multicultural societies. Multicultural education should be applied as soon as possible and also focus on the values that exist in society, rather than focusing solely on the knowledge aspect. The multicultural education curriculum needs to actually present important content that explains the perspectives of many people, based on the assumption that there is no unified interpretation of historical truth, emphasizing different cultural perspectives. Advocates the principles of unity and unity and provides an understanding of cultural differences.
To the Question of the Reliability of the Information in the Service Records on the Property Status of Servants-nobles Local government Institutions of Russia Mid-19th Century
Authors: Иванов В.А. 
Published: February 2022

В статье разрабатывается малоизученная проблема — оценка достоверности сведений об имущественном положении, содержащихся в формулярных списках служащих-дворян, занимавших разные должности в системе губернского гражданского управления, привлекаемых исследователями для выяснения экономического благосостояния и имущественной дифференциации служилого дворянства в дореформенное время. Предметом рассмотрения является комплекс выявленных в федеральном и региональных архивах формуляров классных чиновников и канцелярских служителей дворянского происхождения двух центральных губерний страны — столичной Московской и провинциальной Калужской, составленных в 1849–1857 годах. На основе проведенного статистико-сравнительного анализа данных о числе крепостных крестьян автор приходит к выводу, что в изучаемый период эти документы в целом адекватно отражали изменения, происходившие в имущественном состоянии служилого дворянства. При этом наибольшей надежностью отличаются сведения, характеризующие имущественный статус беспоместных дворян. В статье отмечается, что при работе с большими совокупностями массовых данных включенные в разработку отдельные показатели неизвестной достоверности нивелируются и потому не могут существенно повлиять на точность полученных результатов. Все это свидетельствует о возможности использования данного вида информации для изучения материальной состоятельности различных слоев служилого дворянства в рассматриваемое время.
The article treats an underinvestigated issue of assessing the veracity of official data pertaining to the property status of Russian noblemen occupying various positions in municipal governments. It makes an attempt to assess Russian noblemen’s economic wellbeing and sustainability in pre-reform Russia. The object of the research is official documents pertaining to civil officials and clerks of noble origin in two central provinces of Russia, namely in the Moscow Province and in the Kaluga Province in 1849–1857. Statistical analysis of data pertaining to the number of serfs shows that official documents of the aforementioned period adequately represented data pertaining to servitors’ economic wellbeing and sustainability. The most reliable data are data pertaining to the economic wellbeing of nobility without estates. The article maintains that analyzing large quantities of data, one can reduce inaccuracies, for they are mitigated and cannot significantly affect the veracity of the obtained results. Therefore, it can be concluded that such data can well be used to investigate the economic wellbeing and sustainability of noble servitors in the aforementioned period of time.
Intertext in Max Frei’s Novel “Beware”
Authors: Лаврентьева Н.В. 
Published: February 2022

Произведения Макса Фрая вызывают интерес и у читателей, и у ученых-филологов, как литературоведов, так и лингвистов, однако до сих пор остается немало неразрешенных вопросов. Объектом исследования данной статьи является роман «Так берегись», который рассмотрен как составная часть всех книг автора, рассказывающих о мире Ехо. В центре внимания — один из аспектов исследовательской парадигмы — анализ приемов интертекстуальности романа. В ряду приемов и способов использования интертекста в данном романе наиболее частотны реминисценции и аллюзии. Автор включает в текст «прямые» цитаты из трагедии И. Ф. Гёте «Фауст», связанные с образами Мефистофеля и Фауста, с целью сопоставления героев классического и современного произведения. Реминисценции и аллюзии сближают текст романа с личностью и произведениями Агаты Кристи, что не мешает Максу Фраю намеренно отделить героиню своего романа от образа автора детективов. Глубоким символическим смыслом, предполагающим ряд интертекстуальных связей, наделяется в романе «поезд», представляющий собой инвариант классического образа, сложившегося в русской литературе.
Max Frei’s novels intrigue and fascinate both philologists and linguists. However, there remain numerous unanswered questions. The object of the research is to investigate Max Frei’s novel “Beware”, which is viewed in the contest of Max Frei’s other works describing the world of Eho. The article focuses on the analysis of intertextuality. Max Frei employs a lot of reminiscences and allusions. The writer provides a lot of quotations related to the images of Mephistopheles and Faust from J. W. Goethe’s “Faust” to compare the characters of modern and classical literature. Due to the use of numerous reminiscences and allusions, Max Frei’s works acquire some similarities with the works of Agatha Christie, however Max Frei intentionally underlines that the characters of her novels has little in common with the Queen of Mystery and Crime. The concept of the train is endowed with a number of intertextual associations and reminds one of a classical image of the train typical of Russian literature.
Impact of Corona Virus Disease in Health Care Professionals in Managing Patients with Positive Disease in Pakistan
Authors: Jesrani Ameet , Gul Pari , Khan Nida Amin , Nayab Seema , Awan Riaz Hussain , Gul Palwasha 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe present was conducted to evaluate psychological impact of COVID-19 infection in health care professionals while treating Corona Virus positive patients.Study and Design Descriptive Observational cross Sectional studyMethods and Materials The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) are a set of three self-report scales designed to measure the emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. The DASS-21 incorporated in a questionnaire form was distributed among the healthcare professionals that were involved in direct management of COVID-19 patients. 224 consented HCPs participated in this cross sectional study, during MAY 2020, nearing the end of the first wave of this pandemic in Pakistan.
Results The results were broken down to scores assigned to: Anxiety (overall mean score 19.01 ± 9.2), with 192 (85.7%) HCPs experiencing moderate to extremely severe anxiety;Depression (overall mean score 18.12 ± 10), with 162 (72.3%) HCPs being moderate to extremely severely depressed;Stress (overall mean score 20.12 ± 12.0), 202 (90.1%) HCPs reporting moderate to extreme stress levels.
Conclusions Our study highlights the negative effect of this pandemic, despite the steadfastness to serve, on the psychological well being of our healthcare professionals. As the corona virus pandemic continues, the levels of, anxiety, stress and depression are expected to increase among our major workforce and the main defense against the deadly virus. Hence the mental well being of our doctors and paramedics should be scrutinized often and necessary measures should be taken at a national level to ensure the better functioning of our health care system.
COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers of Teaching Hospitals Affiliated with Rawalpindi Medical University
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Shahid Rizwana , Khan Muhammad Mujeeb , Zeb Shazia , Rauf Fatima , Hayat Uzma 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To overview COVID-19 scenario among healthcare workers in teaching hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical University
Subjects & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive research was done among 482 coronavirus infected healthcare professionals from three teaching hospitals (Holy Family Hospital, Benazir Bhutto Hospital and District Head Quarters) that were affiliated with Rawalpindi Medical University during January 2021. Healthcare workers with COVID confirmation via RT-PCR testing reports were included in the study through consecutive sampling. Their demographic profile, workplace attributes, clinical manifestations, oxygen saturation, source of infection, re-infection, hospitalization, requirement for oxygen supply and disease severity according to COVID-19 adult cases categorization were inquired. Data analysis was done by means of SPSS version 25.0.
Results: Mean age of 482 healthcare workers was 29.6 ± 5.7 years. Mainstream (69.1%) of our study participants was constituted by female healthcare staff. Majority (34%) were postgraduate trainees followed by 29% nurses and 20% house officers. Mean duration of sickness was 13.6 ± 6.4 days. About 63.1% of study subjects were COVID infected during July –December 2020. About 4.8% healthcare personnel were asymptomatic and 78% caught infection from their workplace. Approximately 82% suffered from fever while 71.4% and 55.8% went through bodyaches and cough respectively. Out of 39 hospitalized workers, 23 required oxygen supply for their vitality. Severe COVID infection was determined only among 5.4% healthcare professionals.
Conclusion: Healthcare workers are more susceptible to acquire COVID infection from their workplace. In view of this vulnerability, firm compliance to preventive measures against coronaviurs infection by healthcare staff and general public is deemed necessary for their viability.
Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmologists
Authors: Rasool Wajeeha , Abbasi Kanwal Zareen , Waqas Maria , Munshi Misbah , Sarfraz Rehmah , Niazi Fuad A K 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To determine the effects of COVID 19 pandemic on the professional lives of ophthalmologists
Methods: This cross sectional survey was conducted for 6 months in late 2020 and used google forms for data collection.
Results: Total 68 respondents gave their likert response for each of the 20 statements. No. %, median, mode and interquartile range, of all respondents likert sentiment for each statement, were calculated. Survey results showed general, ‘consent and consensus’.
Conclusion: Covid-19 has influenced professional lives of ophthalmologists.
Comparison of Erythropoietin alone with Erythropoietin plus oral Ascorbic Acid in the Treatment of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Qaiser Mansoor Abbas , Aibideen Zain Ul , Yameen Mubashar , Roop Zarmina , Saleh Muhammad Awais , Chattah Fateh Sher 
Published: February 2022

Objective Of the Study: To compare efficacy of “Oral ascorbic acid in combination with Erythropoietin” with “standard dose of erythropoietin alone” in renal anemia in terms of mean hemoglobin rise.
Introduction: Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has a vital role in management of anemia in CKD (chronic kidney disease) patients. In the last decade, Ascorbic acid (AA) has emerged as a potential therapy to improve anemia probably by enhancing iron mobilization. We have conducted this study to compare the mean hemoglobin rise after treatment with standard dose erythropoietin alone with standard dose erythropoietin plus Oral ascorbic acid in CKD patients who were suffering from anemia.
Materials & Methods: A total of 70 patients of CKD with anemia, 18 to 70 years of age of both genders were included. Patients with laboratory proven iron deficiency anemia, obvious blood loss, pernicious anemia, hyperparathyroidism and contraindications for erythropoietin or ascorbic acid treatment were excluded. The patients which were selected randomly placed in two groups. Group A (erythropoietin alone) & Group B (erythropoietin plus oral ascorbic acid), by using lottery method. Outcome variable like hemoglobin was measured at 2, 4 and 6 months.
Results: Mean age was 48.90 ± 13.53 years. Male to female ratio was 1.6:1 with 43 (61.43%) males and 27 (38.57%) females. Mean pre-therapy hemoglobin was 9.40 ± 1.03 g/dl in the Group A while it was 9.42 ± 0.98 g/dl (p-value = 0.901) in Group B and mean post-therapy hemoglobin in the Group A was 9.34 ± 1.06 g/dl while in the Group B was 10.37 ± 1.16 g/dl with p value of 0.0002 which is statistically significant.
Conclusion: The study concluded that standard dose erythropoietin plus Oral ascorbic acid in CKD anemia is more effective as compared to erythropoietin alone.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Erythropoietin, Ascorbic acid, Anemia.
Infective agents in diabetic foot ulcers and their sensitivity patterns
Authors: Nadir Mehmood , Khan Muhammad Qasim , Ahmed Malik Irfan , Idrees Muhammad Anwar , Hassan Tehzeeb Ul , Nadir Maha 
Published: February 2022

Background: Diabetic-foot syndrome is a difficult & debilitating complication of inadequately regulated Diabetes Mellitus. Attributed to neural & vascular pathology, the condition is further potentiated by glycemic healing impairment. A wide array of microorganisms have been implicated & sensitivity-guided antibiotics are essential to save both limb as well as to minimize rampant microbial resistance. Present study aims to determine the culture & sensitivity pattern of bacteria in stated cohort of patients at a Surgical Unit.
Materials & Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted over a period of 1 year-duration at a tertiary-care-Hospital. All patients presenting with diabetic-foot who had not been subjected to empiric antibiotic-therapy were enrolled. Demographic & lesion-based variables were studied and the Culture & Sensitivity pattern was evaluated and statistically analyzed.
Results:100 patients were included in the study,of which 80 were male (mean-age 60.8±12.7 years) & rest female (mean-age 58.4±11.3-years).35% cultures yielded no growth. Remaining cases showed following pathogens in descending order of incidence. Maximal sensitivity was also reported as mentioned. 1) Staphylococcus-aureus & Klebseilla-Pneumoenae– Piperacillin/Tazobactam,2) Pseudomonas-Aerugionas-Cefotaxime,3)E-coli–Amikacin& Sulbactam,4) Proteus -Gentamicin, 5) Streptococci– Amikacin and 6) Bacteroides – Cefoperazone & Aztreonam. Of 71 cases, 70 had aerobic-organisms isolates & only 1 had anaerobic-isolate.

Conclusions: Six pathogens were identified in present study of which Staphylococcus-Aureus was the most prevalent as well as the most resistant. Streptococci & Gram-negative Organisms were observed in remaining cases. While formulation of an adequate antibiotic regime is rendered difficult by resistance & mixed infections, targeted antibiotic administration is decisively crucial to achieve optimal & timely outcome in diabetic foot.
Knowledge and Practices of Student Nurses towards Prevention and Management of Pressure ulcers in Allied Hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical University
Authors: Ghafoor Nimra , Munir Rabiya , Niazi Inayat Mumtaz Khan , Azhar Faryal 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Pressure ulcer is a common preventable complication of prolonged hospitalisation. Although debilitating, but preventable through timely assessment and proper management. This study was conducted to access student nurse’s knowledge and practices towards the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Nursing Schools of Holy Family Hospital and Benazir Bhutto Hospital Allied with Rawalpindi Medical University. A pre-tested self-designed questionnaire was filled by 264 students selected through the non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data were analysed using SPSS 21. P-value <0.01 was considered significant.
Results: Mean percentage of Student nurse’s knowledge and practices were 58.7% 69.62% respectively. 21.7% of first-year students, 34.1% of second-year students, and 60.2% of third-year students had good knowledge. Correspondingly, 10.89% of first-year students, 32.9% of second-year students, and 56.2% of third-year students had good practice. There was a significant correlation between knowledge and practices i.e. r value is 0.92, the p-value is <0.000.
Conclusion: Knowledge and Practices of Student Nurses towards the prevention and management of pressure ulcers was found to be average. The practices of students gradually improved as their knowledge improved throughout their years of education.
Psychological Morbidity in patients with Idiopathic Hirsutism presenting for Laser Treatment at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Naheed Aqsa , Hayat Aalia Akhtar , Ain Qurat Ul , Razzaque Bushra , Fatima Sundus , Dar Nasser 
Published: February 2022

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of depression, anxiety, and stress in females presenting for laser treatment of hirsutism at a dermatology clinic.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. 152 female participants of all ages presenting for laser treatment of hirsutism to the dermatology department –removed for blind review--from June 2019 to Dec 2019, were included using a consecutive convenient sampling technique. Patients having an FG (Ferriman and Gallwey) score of 8 or more, were included whereas those having any underlying cause (as assessed by history and examination and laboratory investigations where required) for both hirsutism and psychological disorder were excluded. The participants were given an Urdu version of the DASS 21 (depression, anxiety, and stress scale) to complete.
Results: The participants had a mean age of 30.22 (SD = 9.17). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the sample was found to be 13.2%, 23.7%, and 17.8%, respectively. Mean depression, anxiety, and stress scores on DASS 21 were 4.43(SD=4.87, Cut-off= 10), 4.34(SD=5.12, Cut-off= 8), and 8.21(SD=6.26, Cut-off=15), respectively, indicating that the scores were within the normal range. Anxiety was the most common illness in the sample and both depression and stress showed a decline with advancing age up till 45years of age. No statistically significant association was found between the severity of hirsutism and depression, stress, and anxiety scores.
Conclusion: Psychological morbidity was found to be lower in patients of idiopathic hirsutism presenting for laser treatment. The long-term efficacy of laser treatment needs further evaluation in future research.