bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report of two pedigrees with heterozygous HTRA1 variants‐related cerebral small vessel disease and literature review
Authors: Zhou Hui , Jiao Bin , Ouyang Ziyu , Wu Qihui , Shen Lu , Fang Liangjuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundBiallelic HTRA1 pathogenic variants are associated with autosomal recessive cerebral arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL). Recent studies have indicated that heterozygous HTRA1 variants are related to autosomal dominant hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). However, few studies have assessed heterozygous HTRA1 carriers or the genotype–phenotype correlation.MethodsThe clinical data of two unrelated Chinese Han families with CSVD were collected. Panel sequencing was used to search for pathogenic genes, Sanger sequencing was used for verification, three‐dimensional protein models were constructed, and pathogenicity was analyzed. Published HTRA1‐related phenotypes included in PubMed up to September 2021 were extensively reviewed, and the patients' genetic and clinical characteristics were summarized.ResultsWe report a novel heterozygous variant c.920T>C p.L307P in the HTRA1, whose main clinical and neuroimaging phenotypes are stroke and gait disturbance. We report another patient with the previously reported pathogenic variant HTRA1 c.589C>T p.R197X characterized by early cognitive decline. A literature review indicated that compared with CARASIL, HTRA1‐related autosomal dominant hereditary CSVD has a later onset age, milder clinical symptoms, fewer extraneurological symptoms, and slower progression, indicating a milder CARASIL phenotype. In addition, HTRA1 heterozygous variants were related to a higher proportion of vascular risk factors (p < .001) and male sex (p = .022).ConclusionThese findings broaden the known mutational spectrum and possible clinical phenotype of HTRA1. Considering the semidominant characteristics of HTRA1‐related phenotypes, we recommend that all members of HTRA1 variant families undergo genetic screening and clinical follow‐up if carrying pathogenic variants.
Pedicled double‐paddle vertical posteromedial thigh flap for double‐layer closure and reconstruction of upper thigh defect after sarcoma resection: A case report
Authors: Fritz Caroline , Meroni Matteo , Tartanus Justyna , Fuchs Bruno , Scaglioni Mario F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLarge soft tissue defects in the anterior upper thigh region represent a challenging problem in reconstructive surgery. Sarcomas are rather commonly localized in this area and they may reach extensive dimensions before surgery. The debulking procedures must be radical, which often leads to a displacement of major neurovascular structures. In the present work, we report the use of a pedicled double‐paddle vertical posteromedial thigh (vPMT) flap to reconstruct a 16 cm × 8 cm soft tissue defect with exposure of the superficial and deep femoral vessels after resection of a myxoid liposarcoma. The vPMT flap was based on two perforators of the profunda femoris artery. Therefore, the cutaneous island could be split into two islands measuring 12 cm × 6 cm and 9 cm × 6 cm, which were exploited to fill the dead space below and over the vessels, reaching a satisfactory volume restoration and tension‐free skin closure. The further post‐operative course was uneventful. The perforator dissection might be complex and requires a good experience, however, we believe that in similar cases the pedicled double‐paddle vPMT flap can be a valid solution when other options are not feasible. Moreover, this allows avoiding a free microsurgical transfer and fulfills the dictum of replacing “like‐with‐like tissue”. No characterizations of the employment of a pedicled chimeric vPMT flap for locoregional multilayer reconstruction are available so far.
Balancing anti‐migration and anti‐aging behavior of binary antioxidants for high‐performance 1,2‐polybutadiene rubber
Authors: Han Long , Geng Jieting , Wang Zhaobo , Hua Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor rubber materials, the antioxidants are significant for maintaining the long service life when suffering from external stimuli. However, the common low‐molecular‐weight antioxidants easily migrate to the rubber surface and lose the anti‐aging effect. In this work, we develop highly anti‐migration hindered phenolic antioxidants, which have been obtained by covalently grafting 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (AO) onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs). To improve the adhesion of AO and CNTs, the polydopamine with the potential reactive functional groups was linked between antioxidants and CNTs by mussel biomimetic strategy. The binary antioxidants integrated the good reinforcement and dispersity of CNTs with the anti‐aging characteristics of hindered phenol. What is more, the experimental results indicate that the total loading efficiency of AO could reach 11.7 wt%. The 1,2‐Polybutadiene/CNTs‐AO composites could be stored in a thermal oxidation environment for 15 days with minimal degradation of mechanical properties. This strategy proposed herein provides insights into the development of highly anti‐migration and anti‐aging antioxidants by a simple, cost‐effective, and pollution‐free method.
Evaluation of the oligomeric epoxy silane as coupling agent on thermal and mechanical properties of water‐based acrylate adhesives
Authors: Romão Eduardo Gouveia Martins , Oliveira Maurício Pinheiro , Guerrini Lília Müller 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo improve the thermal and mechanical properties of water‐based acrylate adhesives, epoxy functional silane oligomer (EFS) was investigated as a crosslinking agent at different curing temperatures from 100 to 140°C. Water‐based acrylate adhesives with different EFS concentrations (0.0–2.0 wt%) were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT‐IR), colloidal stability, water absorption, mechanical and thermal properties. The thermal and mechanical properties of samples were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile testing, Izod impact, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The amount of EFS had a significant influence on the crosslinking process and curing temperature. FT‐IR and TGA analysis revealed successful crosslinking of EFS with the water‐based acrylate adhesive at 100°C temperature. The use of EFS after different curing processes showed higher tensile strength and lower water absorption. Among the percentage of EPS studied, the use of 1.0 wt% presented the most promising results for the improvement thermal and mechanical properties. In addition, the results obtained in this study provide new insights into the use of EFS as a coupling agent of water‐based acrylate adhesives for wood‐fiber composites, as well as in the particleboard panels industry.
Emotion and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: A prospective study into surgical decision‐making
Authors: Krasniak Peter J. , Nguyen Minh , Janse Sarah , Phommasathit Crystal , Clevenger Kaleigh , Renshaw Savannah , Agnese Doreen M. , Padamsee Tasleem J. , Lee Clara N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with non‐familial, unilateral breast cancer have a low risk of contralateral breast cancer. Thus, clinical studies have shown no survival benefit for patients who undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) compared to those undergoing unilateral surgeries for non‐familial unilateral breast cancers. Despite this evidence, there has been a steady increase in rates of CPM in the U.S. Patient factors influencing this choice have been identified in previous studies, but seldom in a prospective manner. This prospective study was designed to assess emotion and any association with a patient's decision to ultimately undergo CPM.MethodsWe recruited patients with newly diagnosed, unilateral, non‐metastatic breast cancer, who had not yet had surgery, to participate in a prospective, longitudinal study to examine the impact of emotions on CPM decision‐making.ResultsAmong the 86 final participants, all completed the pre‐visit survey (100%) and 52 patients completed the post‐visit survey (60%). Patients undergoing CPM were significantly younger than those who did not. There was no statistically significant association between emotion and receipt of CPM. There was a trend towards undergoing CPM in patients with a less open personality type and those with more negative emotion, though not statistically significant.ConclusionsThis study found a trend toward increased CPM receipt in those with less open personality types and more negative emotion, especially post‐consultation, but none of these findings was significant. Future work should include development of cancer‐specific emotion scales and larger studies of possible connections between emotion, personality type and surgical decision‐making for breast cancer patients.
PNGase H + variant from Rudaea cellulosilytica with improved deglycosylation efficiency for rapid analysis of eukaryotic N‐glycans and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis of glycoproteins
Authors: Guo Rui‐Rui , Zhang Tian‐Chan , Lambert Thomas Ole Tandrup , Wang Ting , Voglmeir Josef , Rand Kasper D. , Liu Li 
Published: August 2022

The analysis of glycoproteins and the comparison of protein N‐glycosylation from different eukaryotic origins require unbiased and robust analytical workflows. The structural and functional analysis of vertebrate protein N‐glycosylation currently depends extensively on bacterial peptide‐N4‐(N‐acetyl‐β‐glucosaminyl) asparagine amidases (PNGases), which are indispensable enzymatic tools in releasing asparagine‐linked oligosaccharides (N‐glycans) from glycoproteins. So far, only limited PNGase candidates are available for N‐glycans analysis, and particularly the analysis of plant and invertebrate N‐glycans is hampered by the lack of suitable PNGases. Furthermore, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) workflows, such as hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS), require a highly efficient enzymatic release of N‐glycans at low pH values to facilitate the comprehensive structural analysis of glycoproteins. Herein, we describe a previously unstudied superacidic bacterial N‐glycanase (PNGase H+) originating from the soil bacterium Rudaea cellulosilytica (Rc), which has significantly improved enzymatic properties compared to previously described PNGase H+ variants. Active and soluble recombinant PNGase Rc was expressed at a higher protein level (3.8‐fold) and with higher specific activity (~56% increase) compared to the currently used PNGase H+ variant from Dyella japonicum (Dj). Recombinant PNGase Rc was able to deglycosylate the glycoproteins horseradish peroxidase and bovine lactoferrin significantly faster than PNGase Dj (10 min vs. 6 h). The versatility of PNGase Rc was demonstrated by releasing N‐glycans from a diverse array of samples such as peach fruit, king trumpet mushroom, mouse serum, and the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The presence of only two disulfide bonds shown in the AlphaFold protein model (so far all other superacidic PNGases possess more disulfide bonds) could be corroborated by intact mass‐ and peptide mapping analysis and provides a possible explanation for the improved recombinant expression yield of PNGase Rc.
Norovirus outbreaks in China, 2000–2018: A systematic review
Authors: Yu Fan , Jiang Bo , Guo Xinhui , Hou Liyu , Tian Yi , Zhang Jiaying , Li Qianqian , Jia Lei , Yang Peng , Wang Quanyi , Pang Xinghuo , Gao Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo understand epidemiological characteristics of norovirus outbreaks in China from 2000 to 2018 the literature on norovirus outbreaks was identified by searching WANFANG, CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases before 31 December 2018. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Product Service Solutions software. RStudio1.4.1717 and ArcGIS trial version were used for plotting bar graphs and maps. A total of 419 norovirus outbreaks were reported in the 394 included articles, which occurred between June 2000 and October 2018, showing an overall increasing trend. The majority of outbreaks occurred in schools (52.28%, 218/417) and kindergartens (55/417, 13.19%). Person‐to‐person transmission (41.64%, 137/329) was most common, followed by food‐borne transmission (75/329, 22.80%) and water‐borne transmission (72/329, 21.88%). GII was the most predominant norovirus genogroup, with GII.4, GII.17 and GII.2 being the dominant genotypes in 2007–2013, 2014–2015, 2016–2017, respectively. Increased outbreaks were associated with the prevalence of new variants. Most norovirus outbreaks were reported in the southeast of the country. The number of norovirus outbreaks was positively associated with the per capita gross domestic product and the year‐end resident population. Norovirus outbreaks have become an important public health problem in China. It is necessary to establish surveillance in hospitals and nursing homes. Genotyping of noroviruses is important for monitoring the circulating strains and improving the vaccine design, so it should be carried out in more regions.
Influence of Mutant Wx‐D1f Allele on Synthesis of Amylose and Extra‐Long Chains of Amylopectin in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Kiribuchi‐Otobe Chikako , Yamamori Makoto , Fujita Masaya , Kojima Hisayo , Hatta Koichi , Tougou Makoto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWaxy wheat lines carrying null alleles at the loci Wx‐A1 and Wx‐B1 and a mutated Wx‐D1 allele (Wx‐D1f) generate unique pasting curves on a Rapid Visco Analyzer. The initial pasting temperature, peak viscosity, and final viscosity are found to not differ markedly between waxy wheat carrying Wx‐D1b and waxy wheat carrying Wx‐D1f, but the hot‐paste viscosity is more stable in the case of waxy wheat carrying Wx‐D1f. The study seeks to determine the cause for this unique starch property. Whereas amylopectin chain‐length distribution is similar in wheat lines #211 (Wx‐A1b, Wx‐B1b, Wx‐D1a) and #234 (Wx‐A1b, Wx‐B1b, Wx‐D1f), #234 contained 7.0% amylose and 1.3% extra‐long chains (ELCs) of amylopectin, levels corresponding to 1/3 and 2/3 of the content of amylose and ELCs of amylopectin in #211, respectively. Moreover, #234 contains a small‐chain amylose not detected in #211. Therefore, this study concludes that the unique starch characteristics of waxy wheat carrying Wx‐D1f may be due to the relatively high quantity of ELCs of amylopectin and/or the low‐molecular‐weight amylose.
Prediction of capacity of reinforced concrete shear wall with multiple openings by using nonlinear finite element analysis
Authors: Erbaş Yaşar , Anıl Özgür , Özdemir Anıl , Kopraman Yağmur 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effect of openings left in reinforced concrete shear walls due to functional requirements or architectural reasons is an important issue that should not be underestimated mainly since shear walls are considered as one of the most critical load‐carrying members in a structure owing to playing an active role against seismic forces. In this paper, a parametric study was carried out by creating a nonlinear finite element model to determine the effects of openings in reinforced concrete shear walls on the maximum shear force bearing capacities, initial stiffness, displacement ductility ratios, and energy dissipation capacities of the shear walls. The variables examined in the study were the size of the openings left in the reinforced concrete shear walls, opening location, the number of openings, and the concrete compressive strength used in the production of the shear walls. In the first part of the study, nonlinear finite element models of three experimental shear wall test elements: one with no opening (solid), and two with openings: were created using ABAQUS finite element software package, then verified by comparing the numerical analysis results with the experimental results. In the second part of the study, a nonlinear finite element model of 44 reinforced concrete shear walls, including the parameters planned to be investigated, was created by using the verified model, and finite element model (FEM) analyses were performed. As a result of numerical analyses, a capacity reduction coefficient proposal has been developed to calculate the shear force capacities of reinforced concrete shear walls with openings.
“Why Should I Not Speak My Own Language (Chinese) in Public in America?”: Linguistic Racism, Symbolic Violence, and Resistance
Authors: Wang Min , Dovchin Sender 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article seeks to understand a Chinese international student's (Hong's) encounters with linguistic racism as symbolic violence as well as why and how he resisted different forms of linguistic racism in different situations. Data findings suggest that linguistic racism as symbolic violence takes different forms through both verbal and nonverbal language under the scrutiny of the white gaze, which produces arbitrary power, control, and domination. This triad of linguistic racism, symbolic violence, and the white gaze formed an intersection, which was practiced through visible and hearable linguistic modalities immediately to subordinate and oppress Hong as a victim. The researchers argue that the triad of linguistic racism, symbolic violence, and the white gaze works hand in glove with each other to construct an intersection, which reproduces and reinforces structures of domination and hierarchy. The researchers, therefore, suggest that more research is needed to deconstruct the complexity and subtlety of the intersection of linguistic racism, symbolic violence, and the white gaze. Educational implications for recognizing and combating linguistic racism are also addressed.
Nano‐embedded medical devices and delivery systems in interventional radiology
Authors: San Valentin Erin Marie D. , Barcena Allan John R. , Klusman Carleigh , Martin Benjamin , Melancon Marites P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanomaterials research has significantly accelerated the development of the field of vascular and interventional radiology. The incorporation of nanoparticles with unique and functional properties into medical devices and delivery systems has paved the way for the creation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for various clinical disorders. In this review, we discuss the advancements in the field of interventional radiology and the role of nanotechnology in maximizing the benefits and mitigating the disadvantages of interventional radiology theranostic procedures. Several nanomaterials have been studied to improve the efficacy of interventional radiology interventions, reduce the complications associated with medical devices, improve the accuracy and efficiency of drug delivery systems, and develop innovative imaging modalities. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the development of medical devices and delivery systems that link nanotechnology in vascular and interventional radiology.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease
Microscopic and macroscopic effects in the decoherence of neutrino oscillations
Authors: Cheng Ting , Lindner Manfred , Rodejohann Werner 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present a generic structure (the layer structure) for decoherence effects in neutrino oscillations, which includes decoherence from quantum mechanical and classical uncertainties. The calculation is done by combining the concept of open quantum system and quantum field theory, forming a structure composed of phase spaces from microscopic to macroscopic level. Having information loss at different levels, quantum mechanical uncertainties parameterize decoherence by an intrinsic mass eigenstate separation effect, while decoherence for classical uncertainties is typically dominated by a statistical averaging effect. With the help of the layer structure, we classify the former as state decoherence (SD) and the latter as phase decoherence (PD), then further conclude that both SD and PD result from phase wash-out effects of different phase structures on different layers. Such effects admit for simple numerical calculations of decoherence for a given width and shape of uncertainties. While our structure is generic, so are the uncertainties, nonetheless, a few notable ones are: the wavepacket size of the external particles, the effective interaction volume at production and detection, the energy reconstruction model and the neutrino production profile. Furthermore, we estimate the experimental sensitivities for SD and PD parameterized by the uncertainty parameters, for reactor neutrinos and decay-at-rest neutrinos, using a traditional rate measuring method and a novel phase measuring method.
A Smörgåsbord of Skyrmions
Authors: Gudnason Sven Bjarke , Halcrow Chris 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study static solutions of the standard Skyrme model with a pion mass. Using approximately 105 pseudo-random initial configurations made of single Skyrmions in the non-symmetrized product Ansatz and an automatic detection of repeated solutions, we find 409 local energy minimizers (Skyrmions) of the model with baryon numbers 1 through 16, of which 383 are new. In particular, we find new solutions for baryon numbers 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. Our results for the number of solutions per baryon number suggest that this number could grow either polynomially or exponentially. We identify new families of solutions: sheets of Skyrmions in synchronized and antisynchronized hexagonal layers (which we call graphene); chains of 2- and 3-tori; chain-like solutions containing a hinge and many clustered Skyrmions. Contrary to common lore, only the B = 12 global energy minimizer is made of alpha particles or some chunk of a cubic crystal, whereas the B = 9, 11, 14, 15 minimizers contain the B = 7 icosahedrally symmetric Skyrmion as a component. The B = 10, 13, 16 are symmetric graphene-like solutions. We find B = 5 and B = 8 minimizers with numerically indistinguishable energies. The B = 8 candidates are the chain of two cubes, which is a chunk of the cubic Skyrme crystal and the fullerene-type ball found originally by the rational map approximation. The B = 5 global minimizer is either the well-known D2d symmetric fullerene or a new C2v symmetric solution. Finally, our findings show a large number of solutions have no discrete symmetries or just one symmetry, contrary to the common lore that Skyrmions are highly symmetric configurations.