bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative chemoradiation-induced hematological toxicity and related vertebral dosimetry evaluations in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer: data from a phase III clinical trial
Authors: Wang Ji-jin , Shao Han , Zhang Li , Jing Ming , Xu Wen-jing , Sun Heng-wen , Zhou Zhi-wei , Zhang Yu-jing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the hematological toxicity (HT) induced by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and to identify the appropriate vertebral body (VB) dosimetric parameters for predicting HT in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (GC).
Methods
In the phase III study, 302 patients with GC from an ongoing multi-center randomized clinical trial (NCT 01815853) were included. Patients from two major centers were grouped into training and external validation cohorts. The nCT group received three cycles of XELOX chemotherapy, while the nCRT received the same dose-reduced chemotherapy plus 45 Gy radiotherapy. The complete blood counts at baseline, during neoadjuvant treatment, and in the preoperative period were compared between the nCT and nCRT groups. The VB was retrospectively contoured and the dose-volume parameters were extracted in the nCRT group. Patients’ clinical characteristics, VB dosimetric parameters, and HTs were statistically analyzed. Instances of HT were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 (CTCAE v5.0). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to identify the optimal cut-off points for dosimetric variables and verify the prediction efficiency of the dosimetric index in both training and external validation cohorts.
Results
In the training cohort, 27.4% Grade 3 + HTs were noted in the nCRT group and 16.2% in the nCT group (P = 0.042). A similar result was exhibited in the validation cohort, with 35.0% Grade 3 + HTs in the nCRT group and 13.2% in the nCT group (P = 0.025). The multivariate analysis of the training cohort revealed that V5 was associated with Grade 3 + leukopenia (P = 0.000), Grade 3 + thrombocytopenia (P = 0.001), and Grade 3 + total HTs (P = 0.042). The Spearman correlation analysis identified a significant correlation of V5 with the white blood cell nadir (P = 0.0001) and platelet nadir (P = 0.0002). The ROC curve identified the optimal cut-off points for V5 and showed that V5 < 88.75% could indicate a decreased risk of Grade 3 + leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and total HTs in the training as well as the external validation cohorts.
Conclusions
Compared with nCT, nCRT could increase the risk of Grade 3 + HT in patients with locally advanced GC. Dose constraints of V5 < 88.75% in irradiated VB could reduce the incidence of Grade 3 + HT.
A Field Experiment Using Social Media Ads to Encourage COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Çat Olgahan , Chang Jiseon , Hlatky Roman , Li Huimin , Nielson Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Behavioral nudges in Facebook ads encouraged Covid-19 vaccine signup across six diverse countries. The ads reached nearly 14 million people and, consequently, many thousands took the concrete step of navigating to governments' vaccine signup sites. However, none of the treatment ads caused significantly more vaccine signup than placebo across all countries. Critically, reporting the descriptive norm that 87 percent of people worldwide had either been vaccinated or planned vaccination---social proof---did not meaningfully increase vaccine signup in any country and significantly backfired in South Africa and Taiwan. This result contradicts prominent prior findings. A charge to “protect lives in your family” significantly outperformed placebo in Brazil and Taiwan but saw mixed effects elsewhere. A message noting that vaccination significantly reduces hospitalization risk significantly increased signup in Brazil, Taiwan, and Turkey, had no significant effects in South Africa or Russia, and significantly backfired in the United States. Such heterogeneity was the the hallmark of the study: some messages saw significant treatment effects in some countries but failed in others. No nudge outperformed any other condition in Russia, a location of high vaccine skepticism. In all, widely touted behavioral nudges often fail to promote vaccine uptake and appear to be highly moderated by cultural context.
Cu-doped SnO2/rGO nanocomposites for ultrasensitive H2S detection under low temperature
Authors: Sun Jianhai , Chen Tingting , Xue Ning , wang wen , Jiang Kaisheng , Zhou Tianye , Quan Hao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection remains a significant concern to balance the sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limit at low temperatures. Herein, we reported a Cu-doped SnO2/rGO nanocomposites emerged as one of the promising candidate materials for H2S sensors utilizing a facile solvothermal method. A series of characterizations of Cu-SnO2/rGO was carried out to characterize its surface morphology, chemical composition, and crystal defects. The optimal sensor response toward 10 ppm H2S is around 1415.7 at 120℃, which is over 320 times higher than that of pristine SnO2 CQDs (Ra/Rg = 4.4) at 280℃. Moreover, it has excellent selectivity, superior linear working range (R2 = 0.991, 1-150 ppm), fast response time (31 s to 2 ppm), and ppb-level H2S detection (Ra/Rg = 1.26 to 50 ppb) at 120℃. In addition, the sensor can still maintain high performance even at extremely high humidity (90%) and have outstanding long-term stability. These superb H2S sensing properties can be attributed to the doping element Cu catalytic sensitization and the synergistic effect between Cu-SnO2 and rGO, which offer abundant active sites for O2 and H2S absorption and accelerate the transfer of electrons/holes.
Unbounded Composition Operators on Orliczspaces
Authors: Baboli Mostafa Namdar , Estaremi Yousef 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper we deal with unbounded composition operators defined in Orlicz spaces. Indeed, we provide some necessary and sufficient condition for densely definedness of composition operators on Orlicz spaces. Also,we will investigate the adjoint of densely defined composition operators andwe give some equivalent conditions for it to be densely defined. In addition, weshow that densely defined composition operator Cφ is continuous if and onlyif it is everywhere defined. Finally, we characterize densely defined continuouscomposition operators.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47B25, 47B38.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of the Squirrel Cage Induction Generators Operating under Unbalanced Conditions
Authors: Kouchih Djilali , Hachelaf Redouane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This work involves a new approach for the analysis of the squirrel cage induction generators operation operating under unbalanced load conditions. For this purpose, a state model is synthetized considering the change of the stator common point voltage during unbalanced conditions. Theoretical and experimental studies have been investigated to extract some important electromagnetic signatures such as common point voltage, stator voltages and currents. This approach offers a good compromise between modeling precision and simulation time. Simulation and experimental results show good coherence with previous results which have been obtained using symmetrical components and finite elements methods.
In-Depth Analysis of Combine Machine Learning and Open Source Security Tools to Enhance Host-Based Intrusion Detection
Authors: Kebede Nibretu , Gebremeskel Gebeyehu Belay 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Computer networks made the world a small village. However, this sophisticated and ever-growing communication network suffers from rapidly increasing attacks (intrusions). Various solutions with low detection rates, high false alarms, high processing time, large trace sizes, and other challenges. In this paper, we proposed a model for combining machine learning and open-source security tool for host-based intrusion detection systems based on the anomaly-based technique and the signature or misuse-based approaches. We applied machine learning algorithms using Australia Defense Force Academy Linux Data set for the anomaly-based technique. Features are selected from the ADFA-LD data set using N-gram based feature extraction mechanism. We have configured one of the host-based intrusion detection tools called open-source security for signature-based intrusion detection. The experimental result showed that the performance of the proposed model is promising in terms of detection rate, false-positive rate, and processing time. We applied three machine learning algorithms: SVM, KNN, and RF for binary and multi-classification, and we gained better performance in binary class classification than in multi-class classification. As the experimental result, the accuracy of SVM is 96.26% with a 5.1% false-positive rate (FPR), KNN is 96.71% with 3.28% FPR, and RF is 96.86% with 3.9% FPR.
Impact of The Armed Conflict in Colombia: Consequences in The Health System, Response and Challenges
Authors: Bernal Oscar , Garcia-Betancourt Tatiana , León-Giraldo Sebastián , Moreno Lina Rodríguez , González-Uribe Catalina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction

In Colombia, health and conflict research has focused on mental health, psychosocial care, displacement, morbidity and mortality. Few scientific studies have assessed health system functioning during armed conflict. In the context of a new period characterized by the implementation of the peace agreement with the FARC armed group, understanding the effects of armed conflict in the health system, the functions and institutions shaped by the conflict is an opportunity for understating pathways and the scope post-conflict health policy reforms. Therefore, this study was conceived to assess the effects of armed conflict on the health system, the response and mechanisms developed to protect medical mission during the armed conflict in Colombia.

Methods

A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion. The qualitative guide collected information in four sections: 1) conflict and health system; effects and barriers in health service provision, 2) actions and coordination to cope with those barriers 3) health policies and armed conflict 4) post accord and current situation. A total of 22 people participated in the interviews, including 8 Policymakers at national level and 7 at local level – 2 NGO´s – 5 Members of international organizations. An academic project event in December 2019 and four focus group were developed (Coffee World technique), to discuss with national and local stakeholder, the effects of armed conflict in health system and an analytical framework to analyze its consequences

Results

The conflict affected the health-seeking behavior of the population, limited access to healthcare provision, affected health professionals, and was associated with inadequate medical supplies in conflict areas. The health system implemented mechanisms to protect the medical mission, regulate healthcare provision in conflict areas and committed to healthcare provision (mental and physical health services) for the population displaced by the conflict.

Conclusion

Presence, trust and legitimacy of the state has been truncated during recent years, but its recovery is essential and must be based on the real presence of the state and health services in the territories and dispersed rural areas.
Rapid Detection of Typhoid Salmonellas (Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum) and non-Typhoid Salmonellas (Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium) in Poultry through Multiplex-PCR Molecular Method
Authors: Jigheh Ali Khodadadeh , Anzabi Younes 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Salmonella serotypes are detected mainly through traditional microbiologic methods, which are associated with problems. The invention of rapid molecular detection methods has somewhat resolved these problems. This study aimed to assess the possibility of rapid detection of typhoid and non-typhoid Salmonellas in poultry using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 40 isolates of Salmonella from industrial poultry were collected veterinary laboratories in Tabriz, Iran. After microbiological and serological tests, we confirmed that 27 out of 40 isolates belonged to the Salmonella entrica species. Differential tests revealed that 15, 7, 2, and 3 isolates were Salmonella Gallinarum, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Pullorum, respectively. We then used specific primers to multiply the genes invA, rfbJ, lygD, I137_08605, and speC. The 27 isolates were then genotypically analyzed through multiplex-PCR. The results showed that all 27 isolates and the standard strains of all 4 bacteria carry the invA gene, while this gene was absent in 13 non-Salmonella isolates. The I137_08605 gene was present in all isolates and the standard strains of S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum; the rfbJ and lygD genes were present in all isolates of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium and their standard strains; and the speC gene was present in all isolates of S. Gallinarum and some isolates of S. Typhimuriumand S. Entritidis and their standard strains. It seems that typhoid Salmonellas of poultry, i.e., S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum, can be discriminated from non-typhoid Salmonellas through the multiplex-PCR molecular method.
Evaluation of biomarkers from peritoneal fluid as predictors of severity for abdominal sepsis patients following emergency laparotomy
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhang Teng , Deng Zhe , Han Xia , Ma Tao , Xie Keliang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: An intra-abdominal infection is regarded as the second most course of sepsis, and results in either localized or diffused inflammation of the peritoneum. The main treatment of abdominal sepsis is emergency laparotomy for source control. However, surgical trauma also causes inflammation and patients may become susceptible to postoperative complications. Therefore, it is necessary to identify biomarkers that can be used to distinguish sepsis from abdominal infection. Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate whether cytokines in abdominal cavity predict septic complications and their ability to indicate severity of illness following emergency laparotomy.
Methods: We prospectively observed fifty-eighty patients with abdominal infection admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after emergency open abdominal surgery. SEPSIS-3 criteria were used for the diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock group. Blood samples and peritoneal fluid were drawn within eight hours of admission after surgery, clinical data were collected. Concentrations of cytokines both from serum and abdominal cavity were measured by using the LEGENDplexTM ®technique based on the flow cytometer.
Results: We found significant elevations in peritoneal concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α,IL-17 ,IL-2 in the sepsis or septic shock patients compared with non-sepsis group after surgery. Positive correlations between these peritoneal cytokines with APACHE II scores, especially IL-6 had the highest correlation coefficient of 0.833. At meantime, IL-10 in the blood, chemokines of MCP-1 and IL-8 both in blood and peritoneum were extremely high in abdominal sepsis and septic shock patients, and also positive correlated with disease severity.
Conclusions: This study suggests that cytokine storm occurred in abdominal cavity after emergency laparotomy which may be a main mechanism leading to sepsis. It may be useful to conduct IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α,IL-17 ,IL-2 ,MCP-1 and IL-8 from the peritoneal fluid, combined with serum IL-10, MCP-1 and IL-8, into a cytokine panel, which may be valuable for assessing severity of sepsis and predicting mortality for abdominal infection after emergency laparotomy.
Home inhaled nitric oxide therapy in a child with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with pulmonary venous obstruction
Authors: Sugitani Yuichiro , Muneuchi Jun , Yamada Hiromu , Watanabe Mamie , Matsumura Takeshi , Masaki Naoki , Ochiai Yosie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present the case of a child with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction who were treated with home inhaled nitric oxide therapy. The patient underwent corrective surgery at the age of 7 days; however, he developed postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction. Cardiac catheterization at the age of 2 months showed that mean pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were 53 mmHg and 9.0 Wood unit m2, respectively. He underwent pulmonary venous reconstruction, but it resulted in recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction. Subsequently, he underwent stent implantation in the pulmonary vein. Histopathological findings of the lung specimen showed that intimal hyperplasia in the pulmonary arteries and arterialization in the pulmonary veins, suggesting intractable pulmonary arterial hypertension. Inhaled nitric oxide decreased mean pulmonary arterial pressure from 81 mmHg to 51 mmHg. Despite the introduction of pulmonary vasodilators including tadalafil and bosentan, inhaled nitric oxide could not discontinue. We implemented home inhaled nitric oxide therapy, which allowed the patient to be discharged for home-care medication. Our case suggested that home inhaled nitric oxide therapy was feasible in a child with intractable pulmonary arterial hypertension who were expected to be poor outcome.
Triage of in vivo burn injuries using artificial neural networks and physical modeling of the terahertz dielectric permittivity based on the double Debye relaxation parameters
Authors: Khani Mahmoud E. , Harris Zachery , Osman Omar , Singer Adam , Arbab M. Hassan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The initial assessment of the depth of a burn injury during triage forms the basis for determination of the course of the clinical treatment plan. However, severe skin burns are highly dynamic and hard to predict. This results in a low accuracy rate of about 60% to 75% in the diagnosis of partial-thickness burns in the acute post-burn period. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has demonstrated a significant potential for non-invasive and timely estimation of the burn severity. Here, we describe a methodology for the measurement and numerical modeling of the dielectric permittivity of the in vivo porcine skin burns. We use the double Debye dielectric relaxation theory to model the permittivity of the burned tissue. We further investigate the origins of dielectric contrast between the burns of various severity, as determined histologically based on the percentage of the burned dermis, using the empirical Debye parameters. We demonstrate that the five parameters of the double Debye model can form an artificial neural network classification algorithm capable of automatic diagnosis of the severity of the burn injuries, and predicting its ultimate wound healing outcome by forecasting its re-epithelialization status in 28 days. Our results demonstrate that the Debye dielectric parameters provide a physics-based approach for the extraction of the biomedical diagnostic markers from the broadband THz pulses. This method can significantly boost dimensionality reduction of THz training data in artificial intelligence models and streamline machine learning algorithms.
Concept of Grandmother : Developing Cognitive Signs from Motivating Ones
Authors: Ibraimova Gul'sara 
Published: December 2022

The article describes the primary cognitive signs of the grandmother concept in Russian linguistic culture. This concept received almost no comprehensive studies in modern linguistic literature. The research objective was to structure its motivating signs in their correlation with Russian myths and symbols. The research relied on eleven Etymological Dictionaries of the Contemporary and Old Russian Language. The obtained material was generalized and illustrated based on etymological, descriptive, interpretive, and conceptual analyses. The author revealed 46 motivating signs represented by 14 subgroups: 1. Ancient sacred symbols (seven signs): (water) spirit, (female) mythological character, stone idol / idol on ancient mounds, Pleiades (constellation), ancestor, sheaf, block / post / stump. 2. Woman (five signs): (female) sex, woman / wife, nurse, to assist in childbirth, to give birth. 3. Social status (five signs): witch, sorceress, healer, midwife, matriarch. 4. Relationship (five signs): to be pregnant, to be married, grandfather's wife, mother's / father's mother, relationship. 5. Game (three signs): playing blind man's bluff, dice, children's toy. 6. Inner world (one sign): soul. 7. Object of the natural world (eight signs): atmospheric object, butterfly / moth / insect, bud, cornflower, (unfolded) flower, bird (pelican), muddler / goby fish, oak-apple. 8. Age (two signs): elderly, old / old woman. 9. Status (two signs): headdress (married women), plait (around the head of a married woman). 10. Subject (three signs): tool for driving in piles; stand; bench. 11. Assessment (two signs): pet form, of low birth. 12. Part of animal's body (one sign): hoof bone. 13. Bread (one sign): bakery product. 14. Illness (one sign): smallpox. All signs in subgroups woman, game, age, assessment, animal body part, bread, and illness proved to be cognitive. Almost all signs in the remaining subgroups also proved cognitive, with several exceptions: ancient sacral symbols (block / post / stump), social status (healer), kinship (married), objects of the natural world (atmospheric object, bud), status (headdress of a married woman).
Wpływ Normal Tissue Objective (NTO) na rozkład dawki w planowaniu radioterapii raka prostaty z jednoczasowym zintegrowanym boostem (SIB)
Authors: Paluszyńska Marta , Bąk Olga , Borowska Patrycja , Sobocka-Kurdyk Urszula 
Published: December 2022

Jednym z najczęstszych nowotworów wśród mężczyzn w Polsce jest nowotwór gruczołu krokowego, a jednym ze sposobów jego leczenia jest radioterapia z jednoczasowym zintegrowanym boostem (SIB, ang. Simultaneous Integrated Boost), który umożliwia dostarczenie różnych dawek do różnych objętości docelowych w ramach jednej frakcji leczenia.
Ze względu na położenie prostaty pomiędzy narządami krytycznymi niezbędne jest uzyskanie dużego spadku dawki wokół obszaru tarczowego (PTV, ang. Planning Target Volume) a jednym ze sposobów osiągnięcia tego jest zastosowanie w systemie planowania leczenia (TPS, ang. Treatment Planning System) Eclipse (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA, USA) funkcji optymalizacji The Normal Tissue Objective (NTO). Jest to zoptymalizowany zestaw parametrów wejściowych, które ostatecznie pełnią funkcję pierścienia dookoła PTV.
W pracy zostały porównane plany bez NTO, automatycznym ustawieniem NTO oraz o różnych kombinacjach priorytetu p (50, 200 i 500) oraz spadku dawki (ang. fall-off) k (0,05, 0,2 i 1). W planach zostały porównane rozkłady dawek, współczynniki konformalności (CI, ang. Conformity Index) i gradientu (GI, ang. Gradient Index) oraz dawki w narządach krytycznych (OAR, ang. Organs at Risk).
Na rozkładach dawek wyraźnie widać, że NTO jest skutecznym narzędziem do ograniczenia dawki poza objętością PTV. Współczynnik konformalności określający stopień dopasowania kształtu izodoz do kształtu obszaru tarczowego i na wszystkich planach utrzymywał się na podobnym poziomie, a jego średnia wartość wynosiła 0,529±0,196. Współczynnik gradientu stanowi różnicę między promieniami odpowiadającymi izodozom dawki zadanej oraz połowy dawki zadanej, więc jego mniejsza wartość oznacza większy spadek dawki poza PTV. Obserwowany jest dla planów o większym priorytecie, ale niestety jest to związane ze spadkiem pokrycia w PTV. Analiza dawek w narządach krytycznych wykazała, że funkcja optymalizacji NTO wykorzystywana w planowaniu raka gruczołu krokowego, prawdopodobnie ze względu na jego anatomiczne położenie, nie ma istotnego wpływu na redukcję dawki w sąsiednich tkankach.
Dalsze badania nad NTO zakładają większą grupę planów i wartości wejściowych parametru lub zmianę lokalizacji.