bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical factors predicting the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Iijima Yuki , Tamaoka Meiyo , Shimada Sho , Yamana Takashi , Shibata Sho , Sakakibara Rie , Ejima Masaru , Honda Takayuki , Mitsumura Takahiro , Shirai Tsuyoshi , Okamoto Tsukasa , Furusawa Haruhiko , Tateishi Tomoya , Miyazaki Yasunari 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be one of the common complications of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Although it is suspected that the incidence of OSA and the progression of ILD are closely related to each other, the clinical features of ILD with such complications are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to clarify specific clinical factors in ILD patients that predict the complication and the severity of OSA.Study Design and Method: ILD patients in our institute were prospectively investigated for the incidence of OSA by polysomnography (PSG).Results: All 33 patients were diagnosed with OSA. Univariate regression analysis showed a lower Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) and a lower respiratory rate (RR) predicted a higher HI and a higher AI, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed a lower DLco and a lower RR also predicted a higher apnea hypopnea index (AHI).Conclusions: A high prevalence of OSA was exhibited in our study of ILD patients. Lacking rapid breathing pattern and impaired diffusing capacity were predictive factors for the severity of OSA. The examination of sleep disorders should be actively considered for these patients.Short title: The relationship between ILD and OSA
Towards defining muscular regions of interest from axial magnetic resonance imaging with anatomical cross-reference: A scoping review of lateral hip musculature
Authors: Perraton Zuzana , Lawrenson Peter , Mosler Andrea B. , Elliott James M. , II Kenneth A. Weber , Flack Natasha N. , Cornwall Jon , Crawford Rebecca J. , Stewart Christopher , Semciw Adam I. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Measures of hip muscle morphology and composition (e.g., muscle size and fatty infiltration) are possible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Standardised protocols or guidelines do not exist for evaluation of hip muscle characteristics, hindering reliable and valid inter-study analysis. This scoping review aimed to collate and synthesise MRI methods for measuring lateral hip muscle size and fatty infiltration to inform the future development of standardised protocols.
Methods
Five electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, SportsDISCUS and AMED) were searched. Healthy or musculoskeletal pain populations that used MRI to assess lateral hip muscle size and fatty infiltration were included. Lateral hip muscles of interest included tensor fascia late (TFL), gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. Data on MRI parameters, axial slice location, muscle size and fatty infiltrate measures were collected and analysed. Cross referencing for anatomical locations were made between MRI axial slice and E-12 anatomical plastinate sections.
Results
From 2692 identified publications, 79 studies contributed data on volume (n = 31), cross sectional area (CSA) (n = 24), and fatty infiltration (n = 40). Heterogeneity was observed for MRI parameters and anatomical boundaries scrutinizing hip muscle size and fatty infiltration. Seven single level axial slices were identified that provided consistent CSA measurement, including three for both gluteus maximus and TFL, and four for both gluteus medius and minimus. For assessment of fatty infiltration, six axial slice locations were identified including two for TFL, and four for each of the gluteal muscles.
Conclusions
Several consistent anatomical levels were identified for single axial MR slice to facilitate muscle size and fatty infiltration muscle measures at the hip, providing the basis for reliable and accurate data synthesis and improvements in the validity of future between studies analyses. This work establishes the platform for standardised methods for the MRI assessment of lateral hip musculature and will aid in the examination of musculoskeletal conditions around the hip joint. Further studies into whole muscle measures are required to further optimise methodological parameters for hip muscle assessment.
Moderate hyperuricemia ameliorated kidney damage in a low-renin model of experimental renal insufficiency
Authors: Kurra Venla , Eräranta Arttu , Paavonen Timo , Honkanen Teemu , Myllymäki Juhani , Riutta Asko , Tikkanen Ilkka , Lakkisto Päivi , Mustonen Jukka , Pörsti Ilkka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Hyperuricemia may predispose to renal damage, but in end-stage renal disease lower uric acid concentrations have been associated with higher mortality. In experimental studies, uric acid has promoted renal fibrosis and inflammation, but some studies have shown nephroprotective effects probably due to alleviated oxidative stress. We studied the influence of moderate hyperuricemia on kidney morphology in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.Methods: Three weeks after subtotal nephrectomy or sham-operation, rats were put on 2.0% oxonic acid (uricase inhibitor) diet for 9 weeks. Blood pressure was monitored using tail-cuff. At close of the study, blood, urine, and kidney samples were taken, and renal histology, mast cell count, and oxidative stress markers were determined. Kidney tissue inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated using RT‑PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results: Oxonic acid diet increased plasma uric acid levels by >80 µmol/l without influencing blood pressure. Creatinine clearance was reduced by ~60% in both remnant kidney groups, and by ~30% in hyperuricemic sham-operated rats. In remnant kidney rats with suppressed plasma renin activity, moderate hyperuricemia decreased glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial damage, and kidney mast cell count, but did not influence the fibrosis marker collagen I mRNA content. In both hyperuricemic groups, the mast-cell product 11-epi-prostaglandin-F2α excretion to the urine and kidney tissue COX‑2 levels were decreased.Conclusions: Hyperuricemic remnant kidney rats displayed improved kidney morphology and reduced markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, moderately increased plasma uric acid had beneficial effects on the kidney in this low-renin model of experimental chronic renal insufficiency.
A mathematical model reveals the influence of NPIs and vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Authors: Wang Bin-Guo , Wang Zhi-Cheng , Wu Yan , Xiong Yongping , Zhang Jiangqian , Ma Zhihui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A SVEIR SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant model is proposed to provide some insight to coordinate non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs) and vaccination. Mathematically, we define the basic reproduction number R0 and the effective reproduction number Re to measure the infection potential of Omicron variant and formulate a optimal disease control strategy. Our inversion results imply that the sick period of Omicron variant in the United States is longer than that of Delta variant in Indian; The decreasing of the infectious period of the infection with infectiousness implies that the risk of hospitalization is reduced; but the increasing period of the infection with non-infectiousness signifies that Omicron variant lengthens the period of nucleic acid test being negative; Optimistically, Omicron's death rate is only a quarter of Delta's. Moreover, we forecast that the cumulative cases will exceed 100 million in the United States on 28 February, 2022 and the daily confirmed cases will reach a peak on 2 February, 2022. The results of parameters sensitivity analysis imply that NPIs is helpful to reduce the number of confirmed cases. Especially, NPIs are indispensable even if all the people were vaccinated when the efficiency of vaccine is relatively low. By simulating the relation ships of the effective reproduction number Re , the vaccination rate and the efficacy of vaccine, we find that it is impossible to achieve the herd immunity without NPIs while the efficiency of vaccine is lower than 88.7%. Therefore, the herd immunity area is defined by the evolution of relationships between the vaccination rate and the efficacy of vaccine. Finally, we present that the disease-induced mortality rate demonstrates the periodic oscillation and an almost periodic function is deduced to match the curve. A discussion completes the paper.AMS Subject Classification (2020): 34A34; 34D20; 92D30
MicroRNA-215-5p Promotes Proliferation, Invasion, And Inhibits Apoptosis In Liposarcoma Cells By Targeting MDM2-P53 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Song Zhengnan , Bai Jingping , Jiang Renbing , Wu Junshen , Yang Wenpeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Liposarcoma (LPS) is one of the most common soft tissue malignancies in adults, and LPS is characterized by dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways including MDM2 amplification.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumor progression by regulating gene expression through incomplete complementary pairing with the 3 'untranslated region of mRNAs.In this study, we showed that miR-215-5p could target and promote MDM2 expression, and promote LPS cell proliferation, invasion, and inhibit apoptosis.QRT-PCR showed that the expression of MDM2 was significantly higher when miR-215-5p was overexpressed (2.85 ± 0.48), and dual-luciferase reporter gene showed that the fluorescence intensity ratio decreased in the overexpression group (0.72 ± 0.02), and cell phenotype assay revealed that the proliferation activity increased in the overexpression group, with cell proliferation rates of 104 ± 0.04 (%), 116 ± 0.01 (%), and 120 ± 0.01 (%), increased apoptosis rate (1.47 ± 0.33 (%)), increased colony formation rate (85.10 ± 2.85 (%)), increased cell healing area ratio (30.08 ± 2.00 (%)), and increased cell invasion number (138 ± 3.60) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively; FISH revealed that miR-215-5p colocalized with MDM2, and MDM2 expression increased in the overexpression group, WB suggested that Bax expression decreased, PCNA, Bcl-2, and MDM2 expression increased, and P53 and p21 expression decreased in the overexpression group;These data suggest that miR-215-5p can promote LPS progression through the MDM2-P53 signaling pathway, and targeting miR-215-5p may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of LPS.
Inequalities in mortality associated with housing conditions in Belgium between 1991 and 2020
Authors: OTAVOVA Martina , FAES Christel , BOULAND Catherine , DE CLERCQ Eva , VANDENINDEN Bram , EGGERICKX Thierry , SANDERSON Jean-Paul , DEVLEESSCHAUWER Brecht , MASQUELIER Bruno 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPoor housing conditions have been associated with increased mortality. Our main objective is to investigate association between housing inequality and increased mortality and to estimate the number of deaths that could be prevented if the population of Belgium faced the mortality rates of the least deprived housing deprivation decile.MethodsWe utilized individual-level mortality data extracted from the National Register in Belgium and relative to deaths that occurred between Jan 1, 1991 and Dec 31, 2020. Spatial and time-specific housing deprivation indices (1991, 2001, and 2011) were created at the level of the smallest geographical unit in Belgium, assigning these units into deciles from the most to least deprived. We calculated mortality attributable to housing inequality as the difference between the observed and expected deaths by applying mortality of the least deprived decile to other deciles. We also used standard life table calculations to estimate the potential years of life lost due housing inequality. Results18.5% (95% CI 17.7-19.3) of all deaths between 1991 and 2020 were attributable to housing inequality, corresponding to 584,875 deaths. Over time, life expectancy at birth increased for the most and least deprived deciles by about 3.5 years. The gap in life expectancy between the two deciles remained high, on average 4.6 years. Life expectancy in Belgium is reduced by approximately 3 years lost due to housing inequality. Conclusions Thousands of deaths in Belgium could be avoided if housing inequality was reduced. Hotspots of housing inequalities need to be localized and targeted with tailored public actions.
Adjoint-based Limit Cycle Oscillation Instability Sensitivity and Suppression
Authors: He Sicheng , Jonsson Eirikur , Martins Joaquim R. R. A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Limit cycle oscillations (LCO) can be supercritical or subcritical. The supercritical response is benign, while the subcritical response can be destructive. It is desirable to avoid subcritical responses by enforcing LCO stability through design optimization constraints. However, there is a need for a computational approach that can model this instability and can handle hundreds or thousands of design variables. We propose a simple metric to determine the LCO stability using a fitted bifurcation diagram slope to address this need. We develop an adjoint-based formula to compute the stability derivative efficiently with respect to many design variables. To evaluate the stability derivative, we only need to compute the time-spectral adjoint equation three times no matter the number of design variables in the optimization problem. The proposed adjoint method is verified with finite differences, achieving a five-digit agreement between the two approaches. We consider a stability-constrained LCO parameter optimization problem and demonstrate that the optimizer can suppress the instability. Finally, we consider a more realistic LCO speed and stability-constrained mass minimization problem for an airfoil. The proposed method can be extended to optimization problems with a PDE-based model, opening the door to applications where high-fidelity models are needed.
Prevalence, Incidence and Clinical Outcomes of Epicardial Coronary Artery Disease Among Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: Hassan Rana , Miller Robert J. H. , Howlett Jonathan G. , White James A. , Fine Nowell M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) patients are often older and may be at risk for obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (oeCAD). While ATTR-CM may cause small vessel coronary disease, the prevalence and clinical significance of oeCAD is not well described.Methods and Results: The prevalence and incidence of oeCAD and its association with all-cause mortality and hospitalization among 133 ATTR-CM patients with ≥1-year follow-up was evaluated. The mean age was 78±9 years, 119 (89%) were male, 116 (87%) had wild-type and 17 (13%) had hereditary subtypes. Seventy-two (54%) patients underwent oeCAD investigations, with 30 (23%) receiving a positive diagnosis. Among these patients, 23 (77%) were diagnosed prior to ATTR-CM diagnosis, 6 (20%) at the time of ATTR-CM diagnosis, and 1 (3%) after ATTR-CM diagnosis. Baseline characteristics between patients with and without oeCAD were similar. Among patients with oeCAD, only 2 (7%) required additional investigations, intervention or hospitalization after ATTR-CM diagnosis. After a median follow-up of 27 months there were 37 (28%) deaths occurring in 5 patients with oeCAD (17%) and 32 patients without oeCAD (31%). Fifty-six (42%) patients required hospitalization, including 10 patients with oeCAD (33%) and 46 patients without oeCAD (45%). There was no significant difference in the rates of death or hospitalization among ATTR-CM patients with and without oeCAD, and oeCAD was not significantly associated with either outcome by regression analysis.Conclusions: While oeCAD is prevalent in ATTR-CM patients, this diagnosis is frequently known at time of ATTR-CM diagnosis and is not associated with subsequent death or hospitalization.
Cough presentation and cough-related healthcare utilization in tertiary care: analysis of routinely collected academic institutional database
Authors: An Jin , Lee Ji-Hyang , Won Ha-Kyeong , Kang Yewon , Kwon Hyouk-Soo , Lee Jae-Seung , Lee Sei Won , Kim Tae-Bum , Oh Yeon-Mok , Cho You Sook , Lee Sang-Do , Moon Hee-Bom , Song Woo-Jung 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Most knowledge on cough epidemiology was obtained from questionnaire surveys of general populations or small focused studies of patients visiting specialist clinics. Routinely collected data (RCD) from electronic health records (EHR) are useful sources for studying disease epidemiology, but their use was limited in chronic cough. The present study aimed to investigate cough presentation and cough-related healthcare utilization, using the RCD of patients referred with cough.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing an academic institutional EHR database. Cough cases were identified using the text search for the chief complaint indicating “cough” in the structured case report form. Using the information, we constructed a retrospective cohort of patients with subacute or chronic cough. Baseline demographics, medical history, concomitant symptoms, and diagnostic tests were analyzed. Healthcare utilization during 1 year since the baseline visit was assessed for drug prescriptions, additional diagnostic tests, outpatient visits, and hospitalization.Results: Among a total of 28,312 new referrals, cough was the chief complaint in 13,223 cases (46.7%). Based on the selection criteria, 3,810 subacute and 7,150 chronic cough patients were finally included. A common demographic profile was middle-aged woman (mean age 52.1 years, and female 63%). Patients had a median three accompanying symptoms (interquartile range: 2–5). Abnormal throat sensation (globus, tickling, or dryness) was the most common (about 70%), but symptoms suggesting nasal diseases, asthma, or acid reflux were also frequent. During the first year, both of subacute and chronic cough patients required multiple drug prescriptions, diagnostic tests, and outpatient visits, but the degree of utilization was higher in patients with chronic cough. Codeine-containing drugs were given to 21.5% of patients with chronic cough, and oral antibiotics to 23.7% and oral steroids to 9.9%.Conclusions: Cough is a common chief complaint among new referrals to tertiary specialist clinics. Cough is accompanied by multiple symptoms and is associated with healthcare utilization, particularly more in patients with chronic cough. Further studies are needed to understand their long-term health outcomes and reduce the disease burden.
Multispectral Beam Splitter from Visible to MWIR
Authors: MAHENDRA ROUCHIN , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electro-optical/infrared multispectral systems are being developed for a variety of defence and commercial systems applications. An ability to detect and recognize the low-contrast and distance targets in a complex environment is of great importance for many applications. The development of such systems requires special optical filters which can separate the different bands as per the requirement. We have designed and simulated these two beam splitters at 45O angle of incidence that will be applied to separate the bands from visible to MWIR. For such an optical system, the beam splitter must separate the MWIR (3600-4900nm), SWIR bands (900-1700nm) and, visible (400-700nm). In this paper, we have reported thin film coating design and simulation of these two beamsplitters. The first beam splitter is used to separate MWIR from visible and SWIR. The MWIR is in the reflection channel and the other two bands are in the transmission channel. The second beam splitter separates the remaining two bands, visible and SWIR. The visible is in the reflection channel and the SWIR is in the transmission channel.
Predictors of Happiness Among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors:   1.	Seyedeh . Ameneh Motalebi,   2.	Bahareh Yousefi,   3.	Fatemeh Hosseinpoor,   4.	Seyedehzahra Hosseinigolafshani
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPromoting happiness in hemodialysis patients is associated with positive physical and psychological health outcomes. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the predictors for happiness among hemodialysis patients.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients who referred to the hemodialysis ward of Booali Sina Hospital in Qazvin, Iran, in 2020. Samples were selected through a convenience sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The socio demographic checklist, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and the Schneider's Life Expectancy Questionnaire were used for collecting the data. Multivariate regression model was used to determine the predictors of happiness.ResultsThe participants’ mean age was 59.23±14.43. The majority of the participants were male (n=122, 61.0%) and married (n=134, 67.0%). A majority of them (69%) reported moderate levels of happiness. The results of multivariate regression model showed that educational level (β=0.248, p≤0.001), marital status (β=-0.268, p≤0.001), hemodialysis adequacy (β=0.268, p≤0.001), and hope (β=0.231, p≤0.001) significantly predicted happiness among hemodialysis patients. Finally, the variables explained 47.2% of the variance in happiness among the patients.ConclusionsBased on the results of the current study, managers, planners and nurses of the hemodialysis ward can play an effective role in promoting happiness and vitality in this group of patients by considering effective interventions in their daily interactions with the aim of promoting hope, emphasizing on the study and valuable outcomes of higher educational level, striving for dialysis adequacy and helping to solve common life challenges.
Simple Febrile Seizures: New Cut Off for the Duration of the Crises
Authors: Falsaperla Raffaele , Vitaliti Giovanna , Bonadies Anna , Domenica Marino Simona , Piero Pavone , Catia Romano , Fabio Savoia , Camilla Calì , Ruggieri Martino , Riccardo Lubrano , Vincenzo Tipo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Our study aimed to identify a new cut-off for febrile seizure (FS) with a good prognosis, thereby replacing the 15 min described in the standard definition of simple febrile seizure (SFS).Methods: Our study was a retrospective observational study (from January 2016 to December 2016) on children admitted to the Pediatric emergency room of the Santobono-Pausilipon Hospital, Naples, Italy, and Policlinico-Vittorio-Emanuele University Hospital, Catania, Italy, for fever, which developed SFS during the hospitalization. All included patients had their seizures classified as SFS according to the international criteria for epilepsy. We assumed a cut-off of 5 min duration, and we analyzed the EEG results, neurological follow up at 12 months, and the recurrence of the febrile seizures the following year. Then, with another calculation, we identify an optimal cut-off of 6 min. Finally, we divided the population into two groups: children with seizures having a duration greater than or less than 6 min.Results: We found that the population with FS with a duration greater than 6 min presented EEG alteration at follow up visits, neurological disorders, and a recurrence of FS during the following year.Conclusions: We suggest to introduce a new cut-off for the duration of FS that better represents the benign nature of a simple febrile event.