bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compliance With Guideline of Hypertension Management Among Health Practitioners in Illubabor and Buno Bedelle Zones, South West Ethiopia; 2020
Authors: Mulatu Gebremeskel , Mengistu Daniel , Ataro Bizuayehu Atinafu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: To achieve sustainable development goal and to improve management of non-communicable diseases the federal democratic republic of Ethiopian ministry of health developed guidelines on clinical and programmatic management of major non communicable diseases in 2016. Compliance to hypertension guideline was very low in developing countries leading to compromised quality of life and premature deaths. The aim of this study was to assess health practitioners’ compliance with hypertension management guideline and its associated factors in Illubabor and Buno Bedelle zones.Method: A cross-sectional study design from patient medical record data was used to assess for compliance with hypertension management guideline. Medical records of adult Patients treated for hypertension from March 2019 to march 2020 was reviewed. Simple random sampling method was used to select the first study population then systematic sampling was used to select consecutive study populations. The collected data was checked for its completeness, consistency and accuracy before analysis. Data was coded, entered and cleaned using Epi- data 7 and export to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multivariate analysis was used to obtain a final model describing the significant independent predictors of guidelines compliance.Results: overall compliance of health practitioners’ to hypertension guideline was found to be poor; only 75(19.5%) patients were managed following the guideline. In multivariate analysis, availability of resource (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.400, 95% CI: =0.203-0.788), supervision status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.497, 95% CI: =0.308-0.892), training status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.250, 95% CI: =0.107-0.584), and appointment status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.091, 95% CI: =0.024-0.352) had significant positive association with compliance to hypertension management guideline.Conclusion: Only 75(19.5%) of patients were managed following the guideline; which indicates nearly more than two third of patients were not managed following the national hypertension guideline, primarily due to a lack of recommending lifestyle modifications.
Discontinuation of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive methods and associated factors among women in health facilities of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Melesse Yilkal Dagnaw , Zegeye Ambaye Minayehu , Kebede Getahun Deguale , Tarik Yaregal Dessalew , Fenta Selamawit Lake , Getu Alemwork Abie , Wassie Toyiba Hiyaru , Bogale Tewodros Worku , Dabalo Magarsa Lami , Jaleta Paulos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Long-acting reversible contraceptive discontinuation is the removal or switch to other methods before completion of duration due to any issue. Discontinuation of these methods exposes a woman to unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, and unplanned births that affect millions of women worldwide. Despite the improvement in the availability and utilization of these methods, discontinuation is becoming high. There is no study conducted on discontinuation and associated factors of long-acting reversible contraceptives in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia.Objective: This study aimed to assess the proportion and associated factors of discontinuation of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives among women in health facilities of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia from April 1 to May 30/ 2021. Methods: health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 415 participants from April 1 to May 30/ 2021. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview-guided questionnaire by using a systematic random sampling technique. Epi Data version 3.1 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed; a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered a statistically significant factor for discontinuation Results: The overall proportion of discontinuation of long-acting reversible contraceptives was 66.3% (95% CI: 61.42-69.13). No formal education (AOR=.49; 95% CI:0.30-0.82), primary school education (AOR=.39; 95% CI:0.18-0.81), desire to be pregnant in the near future (AOR=2.57; 95% CI:1.64-4.02), no past history of modern contraceptive utilization (AOR=2.01; 95% CI:1.19-3.38), lack of counseling about benefits (AOR=1.68; 95% CI:1.08-2.62) and side effects (AOR=1.95; 95 CI:1.21-3.16) were the associated factors for discontinuation.Conclusion: The overall discontinuation of long-acting reversible contraceptives among women was low compared to Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016. Education, the desire of pregnancy shortly, no history of contraceptive utilization, lack of counseling about the benefits, and side effects were factors for discontinuation. Therefore, health professionals better give counseling, implement early management of side effects and reassure clients of any concerns.
Ambient air pollutants increase the risk of Immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Hua , Li Xian-Bao , Chu Xiu-Jie , Cao Nv-Wei , Wu Hong , Huang Rong-Gui , Li Bao-Zhu , Ye Dong-Qing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases, including eczema, atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis (AR), have increased prevalence in recent decades. Recent studies have proved that environmental pollution might have correlations with IgE-mediated allergic diseases, but existing research findings were controversial. Thus, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis from published observational studies to evaluate the risk of long-term and short-term exposed to air pollutants on the eczema, AD and AR in the population (per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10; per 1 ppb increase in SO2, NO2, CO and O3). PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched to identify qualified literatures. Cochran Q test was used to assess heterogeneity and quantified with I2 statistic. Pooled effects and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate outcome effects. A total of 55 articles were included in the study. The results showed that long-term and short-term exposed to PM10 increased the risk of eczema (PM10, RRlong=1.583, 95% CI: 1.328, 1.888; RRshort=1.006, 95% CI: 1.003-1.008) and short-term exposed to NO2 (RRshort=1.009, 95% CI: 1.008-1.011) was associated with eczema. Short-term exposed to SO2 (RRshort: 1.008, 95% CI: 1.001-1.015) was associated with the risk of AD. For AR, PM2.5 (RRlong=1.058, 95% CI: 1.014-1.222) was harmful in long-term, and short-term exposed to PM10 (RRshort: 1.028, 95% CI: 1.008-1.049;) and NO2 (RRshort: 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.029) were risk factors. The findings indicated that exposed to air pollutants might increase the risk of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Further studies are warranted to illustrate potential mechanism for air pollutants and allergic diseases.
Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of Photobacterium kishitanii FJ21
Authors: Yin Shuzheng , Yi Zilong , Liu Jia , Liu Gang , Fang Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Photobacterium kishitanii FJ21 is isolated and purified in the laboratory, and it is a kind of gram-negative bacteria that can emit blue-green fluorescence under normal conditions. In order to understand the lux operon that has luminescence activity, the whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of Photobacterium kishitanii were carried out by using Nanopore sequencing technology. The sequencing data were predicted by the secondary structure and tertiary structure of the protein encoded by lux genes, genome assembly, GC content, gene prediction and functional annotation, phylogenetic tree, genome collinearity analysis and secondary metabolite synthesis gene cluster prediction. Result: Sequencing results showed that there were luxC, luxD, luxA, luxB, luxF, luxE and luxG genes in Photobacterium kishitanii FJ21, and the protein encoded by lux genes had certain hydrophilicity. The genome of this strain contains a chromosome with a total length of 4853277bp and a GC content of 39.23%. There are 3141, 1769, 2472, 4070, 3514 and 1413 genes annotated in COG, KEGG, GO, Refseq, Pfam and TIGRFAMs databases, respectively. At the same time, three types of secondary metabolite gene clusters are predicted, namely RiPP-like, betalactone and arylpolyene. 870 genes were annotated in PHI database. The antibiotic resistance genes of the strain were annotated with CARD database. Conclusion: This study reported the whole genome sequence Photobacterium kishitanii FJ21, and the related research results will provide a basis for further study of lux genes, photogenic activities and mining of other functional genes of this strain.
Comparison Between Frequency-Doubling Technology Perimetry and Standard Automated Perimetry in Early Glaucoma Patients: Implications Related to Vessel Density and the Structure of the Optic Nerve Head
Authors: Kim Seong Ah , Park Chan Kee , Park Hae-Young Lopilly 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to find out the significance of the difference between frequency-doubling technology perimetry (FDT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) in terms of the detected visual field (VF) damage, and evaluate associated factors to SAP-FDT difference in early glaucoma. Glaucoma patients in early stage (MD less than -6.0 decibel, 96 eyes) were included in this cross-sectional study. We subtracted mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) of FDT from those of SAP, respectively. Additionally, we counted significantly depressed points of P < 5% and P < 1% on the PSD plot of both FDT and SAP and defined eyes with significant SAP-FDT difference when the number of abnormal points were greater than 4 points on FDT. We measured lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) and lamina cribrosa curvature index (LCCI) for structural parameters of the optic nerve head from images using enhanced depth imaging of the optical coherence tomography (OCT). Peripapillary vessel density (VD) and presence of microvasculature dropout (MvD), the complete loss of choriocapillaris in localized regions of parapapillary atrophy, was evaluated using deep layer map of OCT angiography (OCT-A) for vascular parameters. Peripheral nasal step (PNS) group had an isolated glaucomatous VF defect within nasal periphery outside 10˚ of fixation. Parafoveal scotoma (PFS) group had an isolated glaucomatous VF defect within 12 points of a central 10˚ radius. Eyes with significant SAP-FDT difference showed higher detection of MvD on deep layer map of OCT-A, greater LCD, and greater LCCI (all P <0.05, respectively). In regression analysis, frequent presence of MvD, less presence of disc hemorrhage, and greater LCD were significantly associated with significant SAP-FDT difference. Sub-analysis was performed in eyes with PNS (50 eyes) and PFS (46 eyes). SAP-FDT difference of MD value showed positive association with peripapillary VD on deep layer of OCT-A, which was significant in eyes with PFS compared to eyes with PNS. SAP-FDT difference of PSD value showed negative association with LCCI and LCD, which was significant in eyes with PNS compared to eyes with PFS. Glaucomatous eyes classified by the difference of the detected VF damage on FDT versus SAP showed different clinical features. Greater SAP-FDT difference was significantly associated with structural parameters such as LCD and LCCI. Less SAP-FDT difference was associated with presence of disc hemorrhage and lower deep layer peripepillary VD. There is possibility to use the difference of SAP and FDT to identify associated risk factors in glaucoma patients.
Research Capacity Building for Clinicians: How Does the Research Facilitator Role Foster Engagement in the Research Process?
Authors: Flenady Tracy , Dwyer Trudy , Kahl Julie , Sobolewska Agnieszka , Reid-Searl Kerry , Signal Tania 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: There is evidence reporting more positive outcomes from research capacity building programs that include a research facilitator role. Further, it has been suggested that research facilitator roles can be a useful strategy in building the research capacity of health care clinicians. However, until now, little attention has been applied to identifying the characteristics of the research facilitator role and how this role contributes to clinicians’ engagement with the research process. Methods: This qualitative study employed an inductive approach and utilised face to face interviews to gather data from a purposely selected cohort. Professionally transcribed responses were thematically analysed. Results: The role of the research facilitator emerged as comprising two main themes: 1) Facilitating the research process and 2) Engaging expert clinicians as novice researchers. Pragmatically, analysis of data led to the development of a table outlining the responsibilities, skills and attributes related to each theme. Conceptually, theme 1 encapsulates the Research Facilitators’ skills and experience and their role as knowledge brokers and co-creators of knowledge. Theme 2 provides insight to the clinician-centric approach the RFs utilised to build and foster relationships and support the clinicians through their research journey. Conclusion: This study reports on the characteristics of the research facilitator role in a research capacity building (RCB) program in one regional health service district in Australia and explains how the role fosters clinicians’ engagement with the research process. Findings from this study will inform the development of future RCB programs, which is important when you consider that clinicians’ increased engagement with the research process is vital for developing a sound evidence base to support decision-making in practice and leads to higher levels of skills and greater ability to perform useful research.
Dog Olfactory Gene Expression Profiling Using Samples Derived from Nasal Epithelium Brushing
Authors: Galibert Francis , Sadequi Naoual Azzouzi , Guillory Anne-Sophie , Chaudieu Gilles 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dogs have an exquisite sense of olfaction. In many instances this ability has been put to use by humans in a wide range of important situations. It is also thought that some breeds have better senses of smell than others. Dogs can detect many components at a very limited concentration in air. To achieve such high levels of detection, the dog olfactory system is both complex and highly developed. The dog genome encodes a large number of olfactory receptor (OR) genes. However, it still remains unclear as to what extent are all of these OR genes expressed? To address this, a nasal brushing method was developed to recover dog nasal epithelium samples from which total RNA could be extracted to prepare high quality cDNA libraries. After capture by hybridization with a large set of oligonucleotides, the level of expression of each transcript was measured after deep sequencing by next generation sequencing (NGS). The reproducibility of the sampling approach was checked by analyzing several samples from the same animals (up to 6, 3 per each naris). The quality of the capture was also checked by analyzing two DNA libraries, which offered the advantage over RNA libraries by having an equal presence of each gene. Finally, we compared this brushing method on live animal to a biopsy approach applied to two terminally ill dogs, euthanized following consent from the owner. Comparison of the levels of expression of each transcript indicate that the ratios of expression between the most and the least expressed OR in each sample are > 10,000 (paralog variation) and that a number of OR genes are not expressed. The method developed here will allow us to address whether variations observed for any of the OR transcriptomes relate to dog life experiences and whether any differences observed between samples are dog-specific or breed-specific.
A Novel Nanobody-Heavy Chain Antibody Against Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 Reduces Plasma Lipids and Relieves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Hu Xiaozhi , Fan Jiajun , Ma Qianqian , Han Lei , Cao Zhonglian , Xu Caili , Luan Jingyun , Nan Yanyang , Wu Tao , Zhang Yuting , Wang Hanqi , Ju Dianwen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disease mainly on account of hypercholesterolemia and may progresses to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The discovery of effective therapies for NAFLD is a critical unmet need. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a critical lipid metabolism regulator, cause elevated blood lipids and are elevated in NAFLD. Here, we develop a nanobody-heavy chain antibody (VHH-Fc) to inhibit ANGPTL3 for NAFLD treatment.
Results

In this study, we screened out a anti-ANGPTL3 VHH and Fc fusion protein, C44-Fc, which exhibited a high affinity to human and mouse ANGPTL3 proteins at 0.1402~0.2088 nM and rescued ANGPLT3-mediated inhibition of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. The C44-Fc had different ANGPTL3 binding epitope, a double expression yield and better thermostability when compared with the evinacumab, maintaining no obvious degradation or aggregation at low and high pH, 40°C for 28 days, and freeze-thaw. Furthermore, C44-Fc significantly ameliorated the triglyceride (~44.2%), total cholesterol (~36.6%) and LDL-cholesterol (~54.4%) levels in hypercholesterolemic mice and ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation and liver injury in NAFLD mice.
Conclusions

We discover a VHH-Fc fusion protein with high affinity to ANGPTL3 and alleviates the progression of NAFLD, which offers a prospective therapy for NAFLD.
A Generative Skull Stripping of Multiparametric Brain MRIs Using 3D Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Pei Linmin , Murat AK , Tahon Nourel , Zenkin Serafettin , Karawi Safa , Kamal Abdallah , Yilmaz Mahir , Chen Lingling , Er Mehmet , Colen Rivka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Accurate skull stripping helps following neuro-image analysis. For computer-aided methods, the presentence of the brain skull in structural MRI impacts brain tissue identification, which could result in serious misjudgment, especially for patients with brain tumors. Though there are some existing works on skull stripping in literature, most of them either focus on healthy brain MRI or only apply for a single image modality. These methods may be not optimal for multiparametric MRI scans. In the paper, we propose an ensemble neural network (EnNet), a 3D convolutional neural network (3DCNN) based method, for brain extraction of multiparametric brain MRI scans. We comprehensively investigate the skull stripping performance by using the proposed method on a total of 15 image modality combinations. The comparison shows that using all modalities provides the best performance on skull stripping. We have collected a retrospective dataset of 815 cases with glioblastoma at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) and The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). The ground truths of the skull stripping are verified by at least one qualified radiologist. The quantitative evaluation gives an average dice score coefficient and Hausdorff distance at 95th percentile, respectively. We also compare the performance to the state-of-the-art methods/tools. The proposed method offers the best performance.The contributions of the work have five folds: First, the proposed method is a fully automatic end-to-end for skull stripping using a 3D deep learning method. Second, it is applicable for multiparametric MRI (mpMRIs) and is also easy to customize for a single MRI modality. Third, the proposed method not only works for healthy brain mpMRIs but also pre-/post-operative brain mpMRIs with GBM. Fourth, the proposed method is capable to handle multicenter data. Last, to the best of our knowledge, we are the first group to quantitatively compare the skull stripping performance using different modalities.
Major Cardiovascular Events after Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Transplantation Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Attar Armin , Hosseinpour Alireza , Hosseinpour Hamidreza , Kazemi Asma 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The effect of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on myocardial function indices such as ejection fraction (LVEF) has been widely studied. However, the effect of this intervention on major cardiovascular events (MACE) was not the principal purpose of most investigations and its role is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible long-term clinical efficacy of BM-MNCs on MACE after AMI. A comprehensive search was conducted through electronic databases for potentially eligible randomized trials investigating the impact of BM-MNC therapy following acute MI on clinical outcomes. Risk of bias assessment of the eligible studies was done using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. Initial database search found 1540 records and 23 clinical trials with a total of 2286 participants considered eligible for meta-analysis. Injection of BM-MNCs was associated with lower risk of composite end point of hospitalization for heart failure (CHF), re-infarction, and cardiac-related mortality (88/1112 vs 111/787, p<0.001, RR=0.601, 95% CI=0.462 to 0.781). This effect was derived from both reduction of CHF (46/1152 vs 60/807, p=0.002, RR=0.549, 95% CI=0.379 to 0.795, I2=0.00%) and re-infarction rate ((24/1160 vs. 30/750, p=0.03, RR=0.580, 95% CI=0.354 to 0.949), but not cardiac-related mortality ((29/1291 vs. 31/846, p=0.208, RR=0.735, 95% CI=0.456 to 1.187, I2=0.00%) This is the first meta-analysis focused on the cardiovascular outcomes of stem cell therapy after AMI and it revealed that transplantation of BM-MNCs may reduce hospitalization for heart failure but not cardiovascular mortality.
Large-scale genomic epidemiology reveals the cryptic outbreaks, hidden persistent reservoirs, and spatiotemporal dynamics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Yang Chao , Li Yinghui , Jiang Min , Wang Lei , Jiang Yixiang , Hu Lulu , Shi Xiaolu , He Lianhua , Cai Rui , Wu Shuang , Qiu Yaqun , Lu Linying , Zuo Le , Chen Qiongcheng , Wu Yarong , Martinez-Urtaza Jaime , Wan Chengsong , Yang Ruifu , Cui Yujun , Hu Qinghua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Controlling foodborne diseases requires robust outbreak detection and a comprehensive understanding of outbreak dynamics. Here, by integrating large-scale phylogenomic analysis of 3,642 isolates and epidemiological data, we performed “data-driven” outbreak detection and described the long-term outbreak dynamics of the leading seafood-associated bacterial pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, in a high-prevalence city, Shenzhen, China, over a 17-year period. Different from the widely accepted notion that sporadic patients and independent point-source outbreaks dominated foodborne infections, we found that 71% of isolates from patients grouped into within-1-month clusters that differed by ≤6 SNPs, indicating putative outbreaks; 56% of these clusters contained isolates exclusively from previously defined “sporadic” patients, representing unrecognized cryptic outbreaks. Furthermore, we showed that despite the long time spans between clusters, 70% of them were genomically closely related and were inferred to arise from a small number of common sources, which provides evidence that hidden persistent reservoirs generated most of the outbreaks, rather than independent point-sources. Phylogeographical analysis further revealed the geographical heterogeneity of outbreaks and identified a coastal district as the potential hotspot of outbreaks and as the hub and major source of cross-district spread events. Our findings provide a comprehensive picture of the long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of foodborne outbreaks for the first time and present a novel perspective on the major source of foodborne infections, which will inform the design of future foodborne disease control strategies.