bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and perception of middle school students regarding COVID‐19 disease at the start of the pandemic
Authors: Azevedo Maria Manuel , Saraiva Elisa , Baltazar Fátima 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFacing recent threats of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), an educational strategy was designed and applied to middle school students in order to reinforce related knowledge and behaviors. A group of 65 middle school students (14–18 years old) developed several designed online curricular activities. After the intervention, students answered a questionnaire to assess if they: (a) were familiar with the terms COVID 19 and SARS‐CoV‐2; (b) were conscious about the importance of preventive measures to stop the spread of this disease; (c) were engaged in these activities; (d) were motivated to research on health‐related issues. This study was a first to attempt to evaluate student's perceptions about SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and support education regarding COVID‐19, mainly on the reinforcement of preventive measures.
The pro‐proliferative effect of insulin in human breast epithelial DMBA‐transformed and non‐transformed cell lines is PI3K‐, mTOR‐ and GLUT1‐dependent
Authors: Silva Cláudia , Andrade Nelson , Guimarães João Tiago , Cardoso Emília , Meireles Catarina , Pinto Vanessa , Paiva Joana , Martel Fátima 
Published: January 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. We aimed to investigate how T2DM‐associated characteristics (high levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress) influence breast cancer carcinogenesis, in DMBA‐treated (MCF‐12ADMBA) and non‐treated breast epithelial (MCF‐12A) cell lines. Insulin (50 nM) promotes cell proliferation, 3H‐DG uptake and lactic acid production in both cell lines. The stimulatory effects of insulin upon cell proliferation and 3H‐DG uptake were hampered by rapamycin, LY294001 and BAY‐876, in both cell lines. In conclusion, hyperinsulinemia, one important characteristic of T2DM, contributes to the initiation of breast cancer by a PI3K‐ and mTOR‐dependent mechanism involving increased GLUT1‐mediated glucose uptake.SignificanceThe pro‐proliferative effect of insulin in human breast epithelial DMBA‐transformed and non‐transformed cell lines is PI3K‐, mTOR‐ and GLUT1‐dependent.
A Negative Effect of Niobium‐Doped Ceria on Soot Oxidation Activity‡
Authors: Patil Sunaina S. , Naik Sahana , Ramesh Madhura D. , Dasari Harshini , Dasari Hari Prasad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNiobium‐doped ceria catalysts were synthesized to study soot oxidation activity. X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis of the samples revealed the presence of a fluorite structure of CeO2 for all the doped samples. The T50 temperature of the pure CeO2 sample was more significant than that of bare soot. The high catalytic activity of the CeO2 catalyst can be attributed to the low crystallite size, high facet ratio, and the large Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area as compared to Nb‐doped samples. The activation energy calculated by both Ozawa and KAS methods were found to be low for CeO2 when compared to Nb‐doped samples. CeO2 resulted in better soot oxidation activity with low activation energy.
Field establishment of little bluestem populations selected for improved laboratory seed germination in simulated dry conditions
Authors: Springer Tim L. , Carr Brandon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSuccessful field establishment begins with superior plant genetics, quality seeds, land preparation, sowing depth, weed control, and moisture. Our research examined the field‐establishment plant density of six populations of little bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash] and three selection generations at three locations over a 3‐yr period. Recurrent selection was used to develop C1 and C2 populations from six improved C0 populations (NU1, NU2, UC1, UC2, UO1, and UO2). In Cycle 1, open‐pollinated seeds from each C0 population were geminated in water of −0.8 MPa potential for 7 d. For each C0 population, seeds that germinated in 7 d were selected to create six C1 populations. Cycle 2 selection was identical to Cycle 1, except that C1 populations were used to create the six C2 populations. Plant density (number of plants m‒2) was determined using a frequency grid method at 30, 60, and 90 d after planting (DAP). The plant density of little bluestem varied with location (L), population (P), selection generation (G), DAP, L × P, L × G, P × G, and L × DAP interactions (P < .01). Averaged over generations and DAP, plant density averaged 7.6, 6.6, 6.5, 7.1, 6.6, and 7.1 plants m‒2 among populations NU1, NU2, UC1, UC2, UO1, and UO2, respectively. Averaged over populations and DAP, plant density averaged 5.9, 6.6, and 8.2 plants m‒2 for generations C0, C1, and C2, respectively. Thus, recurrent selection for increased laboratory seed germination in simulated dry conditions results in greater establishment plant densities of little bluestem.
Corporate social and financial performance: Revisiting the role of innovation
Authors: Busch Timo , Schnippering Maximilian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractR&D intensity has been highlighted as an important factor in analyzing the relationship between corporate social (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP). However, the underlying mechanisms of how R&D intensity influences the CSP‐CFP relationship have caused a great deal of confusion: first, while controlling for R&D intensity, studies have continued to report ambiguous results and, second, many studies have found R&D intensity to be negatively related to CFP. Motivated by insights from the innovation literature, we revise the functional relationship and examine moderation effects of R&D intensity. Accordingly, we find a u‐shaped relationship between R&D intensity and CFP. We conclude that this functional relationship is an essential finding for future CSP‐CFP studies in order to avoid misspecifications. Further, we cannot find empirical support for a moderation effect of R&D intensity. Thus, we conclude that R&D intensity and CSP should not be considered to be mutually reinforcing drivers of CFP.
5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Furfural Chemistry Toward Biobased Surfactants
Authors: Yue Xiaoyang , Queneau Yves 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe use of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furfural, and furan as scaffolds for designing alternative surfactants is a rapidly developing research area. This Review gathers recent examples highlighting the variety of methods for grafting the necessary polar and non‐polar appendages, exploiting the specific chemical reactivity of each of these platform molecules. While the furan (or tetrahydrofuran) backbone is maintained in some targeted amphiphiles, alternatives using rearranged HMF or furfural such as cyclopentanols or furanones have also been reported. This topic is an illustration of the diversification of the use of HMF and other biobased furanic platform molecules in the field of fine and specialty chemicals. The surfactants sector, which concerns some of the most largely consumed chemicals in everyday life, and still mostly produced from fossil resources, will benefit from such alternatives enabling increased renewable carbon content and structural innovation.
Endoscopic and histopathologic features of Anti‐PD‐1‐related collagenous colitis
Authors: Kikuchi Hidezumi , Sakuraba Hirotake , Akemoto Yui , Hosoi Kazuhiro , Murai Yasuhisa , Hoshi Kentaro , Fukutoku Yukari , Asari Taka , Sawada Yohei , Hasui Keisuke , Tatsuta Tetsuya , Hiraga Hiroto , Chinda Daisuke , Mikami Tatsuya , Fukuda Shinsaku 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesCancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors occasionally show persistent diarrhea accompanied by endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis. The endoscopic mucosal inflammation may appear mild in some patients compared to the clinical severity, which can make choosing a treatment challenging. In this study, we evaluated the factors that support the continuation of chemotherapy by assessing the endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of patients who experienced diarrhea after immune checkpoint inhibitor administration.MethodsThis study included eight patients who were diagnosed with collagenous colitis based on pathological assessments. We retrospectively investigated these patients’ backgrounds, laboratory data, and computed tomography images that were extracted from their medical records. We also summarized their endoscopic and pathologic findings.ResultsAll eight patients were being treated with anti‐programmed cell death‐1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 therapeutic agents and had a recent history of oral proton pump inhibitor therapy. The anti‐programmed cell death‐1‐related collagenous colitis in these cases was characterized by endoscopically mild mucosal inflammation, high fecal calprotectin levels, and a lower frequency of intestinal wall thickening on computed tomography. Histological assessments showed CD8+ lymphocytes predominantly infiltrating the lamina propria and crypts of the colonic mucosa. Suspending the proton pump inhibitor therapy relieved the patients’ symptoms and allowed the continuation of the anti‐programmed cell death‐1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 therapy.ConclusionsAnti‐programmed cell death‐1‐related collagenous colitis is reversible; appropriate diagnosis of adverse events is crucial for the continuation of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Screening‐guided spironolactone treatment of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction for heart failure prevention in at‐risk patients
Authors: Potter Elizabeth , Stephenson Georgia , Harris Joanne , Wright Leah , Marwick Thomas H. 
Published: January 2022

AimsSubclinical left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is a prelude to symptomatic heart failure (HF). We hypothesised that screening‐guided treatment with spironolactone would prevent incident HF in at‐risk patients.Methods and resultsWe randomised asymptomatic, community‐dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years old, with at least one non‐ischaemic HF risk factor (hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity) to echocardiography‐guided therapy or usual care. Spironolactone therapy was triggered by the detection of subclinical LVD (global longitudinal strain [GLS] ≤16%) or diastolic abnormalities (at least one of E/e′ >15, E/e′ >10 with left atrial enlargement [LAE] or impaired relaxation [E/A < 0.8, IR], LAE with IR), or borderline GLS (17%) with IR or borderline GLS with LAE. The primary outcome was incident HF at 24 months. Secondary outcomes were change in 6‐min walk test (6MWT) and change in left ventricular function. LVD was identified in 161 (46%) of 349 participants (age 70 [68–73] years, 201 [58%] women). The trial was stopped because of a 55% rate of spironolactone discontinuation, due primarily to decline in renal function. Incident HF developed in 11 (3.5%) of 310 participants completing follow‐up, with no difference between usual care and intervention (4 [2.5%] vs. 7 [4.7%], p = 0.29), decline in 6MWT distance (p = 0.28), persistent or new LVD (p = 0.58), nor change in GLS with intervention (p = 0.15). A per‐protocol analysis of 131 patients with baseline LVD and a follow‐up echocardiogram, showed resolution of LVD with spironolactone therapy (59% vs. 33%, p = 0.01).ConclusionThe study was underpowered to determine whether screening‐guided spironolactone therapy reduced incident HF because spironolactone was frequently discontinued due to renal function criteria. However, LVD resolved in more patients treated with spironolactone than in untreated patients. Future trials should use less conservative renal criteria for spironolactone discontinuation.
Ni nanoparticles‐loaded ZnO nanowire as an efficient and stable catalyst for reduction of 4‐nitrophenol
Authors: Lin Chaoyu , Luo Gan , Zhou Huiqin , Feng Anlin , Zeng Li , Li Qingyang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn amorphous Ni nanoparticles‐loaded ZnO nanowire array is controllably constructed on stainless steel mesh through combined electrodeposition and hydrothermal reaction. Its nano‐arrayed structure not only provides a platform to achieve stable and good dispersion of Ni nanoparticles, but also helps improve their ability to adsorb 4‐nitrophenolate ions and to capture hydrogen radicals, thereby accelerating the hydrogen transfer from metal hydride complex to 4‐nitrophenol. Benefiting from the abovementioned unique features, it outperforms most Ni‐based catalysts. While a 30‐s re‐electrodeposition of Ni can provide it extra 150 min of high catalytic activity towards the reduction of waste 4‐nitrophenol to valuable 4‐aminophenol, further demonstrating its outstanding reusability. The highly general methodology reported here paves the way to economically and effectively synthesize various other metal nanoparticles‐loaded ZnO nanowire arrays on different conductive substrates, which not only enrich the nanowire‐arrayed catalysts, but also significantly promote their practical utilizations in a wide range of environment‐related fields.image
Wind speed prediction for small sample dataset using hybrid first‐order accumulated generating operation‐based double exponential smoothing model
Authors: Yousuf Muhammad Uzair , Al‐Bahadly Ibrahim , Avci Ebubekir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWind power generation has recently emerged in many countries. Therefore, the availability of long‐term historical wind speed data at various potential wind farm sites is limited. In these situations, such forecasting models are needed that comprehensively address the uncertainty of raw data based on small sample size. In this study, a hybrid first‐order accumulated generating operation‐based double exponential smoothing (AGO‐HDES) model is proposed for very short‐term wind speed forecasts. Firstly, the problems of traditional Holt's double exponential smoothing model are highlighted considering the wind speed data of Palmerston North, New Zealand. Next, three improvements are suggested for the traditional model with a rolling window of six data points. A mixed initialization method is introduced to improve the model performance. Finally, the superiority of the novel model is discussed by comparing the accuracy of the AGO‐HDES model with other forecasting models. Results show that the AGO‐HDES model increased the performance of the traditional model by 10%. Also, the modified model performed 7% better than other considered models with three times faster computational time.
Toddler teachers' responses to tantrums and relations to successful resolutions
Authors: Shafer Ashley E. , Wanless Shannon B. , Briggs Jennifer O. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractToddler tantrums are a typical part of child development but can cause stress to the teacher–child relationship (Schindler et al., 2015). Understanding how to resolve tantrums is an important skill, yet there is little research to guide teachers. The present study observed two toddler‐classrooms, examining teachers' responses to 46 tantrums, and the results of these responses. Exploratory analysis examined the applicability of a popular framework for conceptualizing tantrums as emotional or cognitive. Results suggest when toddler teachers used a combination of emotionally supportive strategies, 91% of tantrums were resolved. The use of controlling strategies suggests teachers need support on effective responses to tantrums. The ability to categorize tantrums suggests a framework many practitioners endorse could be useful in communicating effective strategies.
Desert bighorn sheep habitat selection, group size, and mountain lion predation risk
Authors: Jones Andrew S. , Rubin Esther S. , Clement Matthew J. , Harding Larisa E. , Mesler Jacob I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) evolved for thousands of years in the presence of numerous predators, including mountain lions (Puma concolor). Bighorn sheep have presumably developed predator avoidance strategies; however, the effectiveness of these strategies in reducing risk of mountain lion predation is not well understood. These strategies are of increasing interest because mountain lion predation on bighorn sheep has been identified as a leading cause of mortality in some sheep populations. Therefore, we investigated how mountain lions affect both bighorn sheep habitat selection and risk of mortality in Arizona, USA. We used 2 approaches to investigate the predator‐prey relationship between mountain lions and bighorn sheep. We fit 103 bighorn sheep (81 females and 22 males) with global positioning system radio‐collars in 2 Arizona populations from 2013 to 2017, and used a negative binomial resource selection probability function to evaluate whether bighorn sheep selected for habitat features in accordance with presumed predator avoidance strategies, including terrain ruggedness, slope, topographic position, and horizontal obstruction, in 2 seasons (winter and summer). We then estimated how habitat features such as terrain ruggedness, slope, horizontal obstruction, and group size, influence the risk of mortality due to mountain lion predation using an Andersen‐Gill proportional hazards model. Generally, both sexes selected areas with lower horizontal obstruction and intermediate ruggedness and slope, but selection patterns differed between seasons and sexes. The use of more rugged areas and steeper slopes decreased the risk of mortality due to mountain lion predation, consistent with presumed predator avoidance strategies. Increased group size decreased risk of bighorn sheep mortality due to mountain lion predation but this effect became marginal at approximately 10 individuals/group. We did not identify a relationship between horizontal obstruction and bighorn sheep mortality risk. Our findings can be used in habitat and population management decisions such as the prioritization of habitat restoration sites or selection of translocation sites. In addition, we suggest that augmentation of low‐density bighorn sheep populations may reduce mountain lion predation risk by increasing group size, and that releasing large groups of bighorn sheep in population augmentation and reintroduction efforts may help to reduce mountain lion predation.
Clarifying the Effect of Drafting Conditions on Structure and Properties of Polyimide Fibers at Molecular Dynamic Level
Authors: Lin Daolei , Jiang Ming , Li Runyue , Qi Shengli , Wu Dezhen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA series of pyromellitic dianhydride/4,4′‐oxydianiline orientation models are constructed by molecular dynamic simulation, and the effects of drafting rate, drafting temperature, and imidization degree on structure and mechanical properties of polyimide fibers are studied. The high drafting rate is conducive to the orientation of molecular chains along the axis, but it is easy to form defects inside of the fibers, so the tensile modulus of the orientation model at a draft ratio of 6 is decreased from 21.6 to 9.8 GPa with increasing the drafting rate. The high drafting temperature reduced the intermolecular interaction, which is not conducive to the orientation of the molecular chain along the axis, the tensile modulus of orientation models at a draft ratio of 6 decreased from 21.6 to 11.7 GPa with the drafting temperature increasing from 298 to 598 K. Besides, the molecular chains of PI fibers drawn from the high imidization degree are arranged more regularly along the axis due to the PI units have greater rigidity than the polyamic acid units. This work provides guidance for the optimization of PI fibers heat‐drafting process from the perspective of molecular chain conformational evolution.
A simultaneous multi‐slice T2 mapping framework based on overlapping‐echo detachment planar imaging and deep learning reconstruction
Authors: Li Simin , Wu Jian , Ma Lingceng , Cai Shuhui , Cai Congbo 
Published: January 2022

PurposeQuantitative MRI (qMRI) is of great importance to clinical medicine and scientific research. However, most qMRI techniques are time‐consuming and sensitive to motion, especially when a large 3D volume is imaged. To accelerate the acquisition, a framework is proposed to realize reliable simultaneous multi‐slice T2 mapping.MethodsThe simultaneous multi‐slice T2 mapping framework is based on overlapping‐echo detachment (OLED) planar imaging (dubbed SMS‐OLED). Multi‐slice overlapping‐echo signals were generated by multiple excitation pulses together with echo‐shifting gradients. The signals were excited and acquired with a single‐channel coil. U‐Net was used to reconstruct T2 maps from the acquired overlapping‐echo image.ResultsSingle‐shot double‐slice and two‐shot triple‐slice SMS‐OLED scan schemes were designed according to the framework for evaluation. Simulations, water phantom, and in vivo rat brain experiments were carried out. Overlapping‐echo signals were acquired, and T2 maps were reconstructed and compared with references. The results demonstrate the superior performance of our method.ConclusionTwo slices of T2 maps can be obtained in a single shot within hundreds of milliseconds. Higher quality multi‐slice T2 maps can be obtained via multiple shots. SMS‐OLED provides a lower specific absorption rate scheme compared with conventional SMS methods with a coil with only a single receiver channel. The new method is of potential in dynamic qMRI and functional qMRI where temporal resolution is vital.
Conductive poly(ε‐caprolactone)/polylactic acid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: Synergy effect of zirconium nanoparticles and polypyrrole
Authors: Jafari Aliakbar , Mirzaei Hadis , Shafiei Mir Alireza , Fakhri Vafa , Yazdanbakhsh Amirhosein , Pirouzfar Vahid , Su Chia‐Hung , Ghaffarian Anbaran S. Reza , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiocompatible and electrically conductive porous scaffolds with a desirable hydrophilicity and degradation rate and suitable mechanical performance are highly favorable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. In this study, we fabricated three‐dimensional (3D) porous bioscaffolds from poly(ε‐caprolactone) and polylactic acid containing different concentrations of zirconia nanoparticles (n‐ZrO2) through freeze‐drying technique. Afterward, the surface of the scaffolds was coated with an electrically conductive layer through in situ polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy) on the samples. Bioscaffolds exhibited a favorable range of mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, meeting the required mechanical performances and conductivity for a broad range of tissue engineering applications. Coating PPy on the scaffolds resulted in significantly higher hydrophilicity and faster biodegradation rate, as well as a noticeable enhancement on the in vitro cell attachment, proliferation, and viability. Our findings indicated that the simultaneous presence of n‐ZrO2 and PPy in the system presents a noticeable synergistic effect in overall properties and introduces the fabricated 3D porous scaffolds as promising candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.