bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dendrite‐Free Lithium‐Metal Anode Enabled by Designed Ultrathin MgF2 Nanosheets Encapsulated Inside Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene‐Like Hollow Nanospheres
Authors: Li Shang‐Qi , Zhang Ling , Liu Ting‐Ting , Zhang Yao‐Wen , Guo Chaofei , Wang Yong , Du Fei‐Hu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and dramatic volume change during cycling have long been severely impeding the practical applications of Li metal as the ultimate anode. In this work, ultrathin MgF2 nanosheets encapsulated inside nitrogen‐doped graphene‐like hollow nanospheres (MgF2 NSs@NGHSs) are ingeniously fabricated to address these problems by a perfect combination of atomic layer deposition and chemical vapor deposition. The uniform and continuous Li–Mg solid‐solution inner layer formed by the MgF2 nanosheets can reduce the nucleation overpotential and induce selective deposition of Li into the cavities of the NGHSs. Furthermore, the Li deposition behavior and mechanism of the hybrid host are comprehensively explored by in situ optical microscopy at the macroscopic level, in situ transmission electron microscopy at the microscopic level, and theoretical calculations at the atomic level, respectively. Benefiting from a synergistic modulation strategy of nanosheet seed‐induced nucleation and Li‐confined growth, the designed composite demonstrates an endurance of 590 cycles for asymmetric cells and a lifespan over 1330 h for corresponding symmetric cells. When applied in LiFePO4 full cells, it provides a reversible capacity of 90.6 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 C.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Oxathiazine 2‐Oxide Scaffolds as Sulfinyl Transfer Agents
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna , Veronesi Ruben , Zambardino Demetra , Carboni Davide , Lombardo Marco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn efficient diastereoselective route for the preparation of chiral oxathiazine 2‐oxide scaffolds as sulfinyl transfer agents, using tert‐butanesulfinamide (tBSA) both as the source of chirality and as the precursor to the required nitrogen electron withdrawing group on the scaffold, was developed. This methodology allows the introduction of different substituents on the chiral scaffold, using commercially available reagents and standard synthetic transformations. The synthesized scaffolds were tested in the preparation of enantioenriched sulfinamides, providing results comparable to the sulfinyl transfer agents so far proposed in the literature, and opening the possibility to further elaborate these scaffolds, with the aim to support them on solid phases so to facilitate their recovery and reuse.magnified image
Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition Between Dienecarbamates and 2‐Benzothioazolimines
Authors: Ma Wei‐Yang , Montinho‐Inacio Emeric , Iorga Bogdan I. , Retailleau Pascal , Moreau Xavier , Neuville Luc , Masson Géraldine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn enantioselective chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed formal [4+2] cycloaddition between 2‐benzothiazolimines and N‐H‐1,3‐dienecarbamates is described. A divergence in reaction pathways was observed depending on the dienes employed. The reaction performed with 4‐substituted dienes produced benzothiazolopyrimidines as major product in yields ranging from 42 to 67%, as single diastereoisomer and with enantioselectivity between 93 and 99%. The same reaction performed with 3‐substituted dienes, however, gave highly enantioenriched 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines as the major products albeit with moderate diastereoselectivity.magnified image
Integrated agronomy for high yield and stable flax production in Canada
Authors: Benaragama Dilshan I. , Johnson Eric N. , Gulden Robert H. , Willenborg Christian J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntegrating agronomic practices can be useful in increasing flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) yield under biotic or abiotic constraints. A study was conducted to determine the combined effect of seeding density, row spacing, fertilizer, and fungicide application on no‐till flax yields at three locations (7 site‐years) in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada. The four treatments were plant density; low (190 plants m–2) vs. moderate (320 plants m–2), row spacing; narrow (20 cm) vs. wide‐row (40 cm), N rate; 65 vs. 130% of soil test recommendation, and foliar fungicide; pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad vs. no fungicide. No individual treatment parameter significantly affected yield; however, several combinations of treatments did. The combination of moderate density, narrow row spacing, 130% N, and fungicide application showed a 23% mean yield increase across all environments compared with the lowest‐yielding combination. Still, yield ranking differed across different growing environments. The overall high‐yielding combination was not productive under low‐yielding environments. The same high‐yielding combination, but with wide row spacing and the same combination with low density provided the most stable and moderate yield across all environments tested. Considering seed cost, yield advantage, and yield stability, the best combination was low density, narrow row spacing with 130% N and fungicide application. Among all practices, the combined application of 130% N and fungicide application significantly increased crop yield by 11% under all growing conditions. In the absence of negative interactions, producers can combine these four practices to increase flax yields depending on the cost.
RETRACTED: Theoretical research on rice and wheat lodging detection based on artificial intelligence technology and a template matching algorithm
Authors: Wang Guoqiang , Li Yaoming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTraditional detection of lodging in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mostly uses statistical methods or routine ground surveys. These methods have a low degree of automation and poor accuracy. In order to improve the detection of rice and wheat lodging, this study combined artificial intelligence technology and a template matching algorithm to construct a rice and wheat lodging detection system. Moreover, this study used perceptual hash technology for image matching processing, built an intelligent recognition model on the basis of improved algorithms, and combined this with camera technology to build the system's functional framework. The constructed system could perform image matching for rice and wheat, and detected rice and wheat lodging on the basis of image matching. Finally, this study analyzed the system's function structure based on the actual situation of rice and wheat lodging, and designed experiments to verify the effect of the system. The experimental research results showed that the system constructed in this study can play an effective role in the detection of rice and wheat lodging.
The influence of anthropogenic noise on the behavior of male mantled howler monkeys
Authors: Gómez‐Espinosa Eréndira , Dias Pedro A. D. , Rangel‐Negrín Ariadna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic noise is increasingly disturbing natural soundscapes and affecting the physiology, behavior, and fitness of wildlife. However, our knowledge about the impact of anthropogenic noise on wild primates is scant. Here, we assess the effects of anthropogenic noise on the behavior of male mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata). Specifically, we describe the types, rates, and sound pressure level (SPL) of anthropogenic noise that occurs in areas inhabited by mantled howler monkeys and determine if the behavioral responses of males to anthropogenic noise are influenced by noise attributes. For 1 year (1753 h), we characterized anthropogenic noise in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve (Veracruz, Mexico) and studied the behavior of males belonging to five groups. Anthropogenic noise was common, diverse, and varied among areas in terms of rate, type, and SPL. Males did not display behavioral responses toward most (60%) anthropogenic noises, but were more likely to respond to certain noise types (e.g., aerial traffic) and toward noise with high SPL. Group identity influenced the likelihood of displaying behavioral responses to noise. The most common behavioral responses were vocalizations and vigilance. Males vocalized in response to noise with high SPL, although this relationship depended on group identity. The effect of the number of noises on vocalizations also varied among groups. Males were more likely to display vigilance toward high SPL and infrequent noise, but, again, these relationships varied among groups. In sum, anthropogenic noise is pervasive in areas inhabited by mantled howler monkeys and influences male behavior. Experience and frequency of exposure may modulate the behavioral responses of male mantled howler monkeys to noise and explain the group differences.
The small HDL particle hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Martinez Ashley E. , Weissberger Gali , Kuklenyik Zsuzsanna , He Xulei , Meuret Cristiana , Parekh Trusha , Rees Jon C. , Parks Bryan A. , Gardner Michael S. , King Sarah M. , Collier Timothy S. , Harrington Michael G. , Sweeney Melanie D. , Wang Xinhui , Zlokovic Berislav V. , Joe Elizabeth , Nation Daniel A. , Schneider Lon S. , Chui Helena C. , Barr John R. , Han S. Duke , Krauss Ronald M. , Yassine Hussein N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose the hypothesis that small high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by virtue of their capacity to exchange lipids, affecting neuronal membrane composition and vascular and synaptic functions. Concentrations of small HDLs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were measured in 180 individuals ≥60 years of age using ion mobility methodology. Small HDL concentrations in CSF were positively associated with performance in three domains of cognitive function independent of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status, age, sex, and years of education. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between levels of small HDLs in CSF and plasma. Further studies will be aimed at determining whether specific components of small HDL exchange across the blood, brain, and CSF barriers, and developing approaches to exploit small HDLs for therapeutic purposes.
Application of zebrafish in the study of the gut microbiome
Authors: Zhong Xiaoting , Li Jinglin , Lu Furong , Zhang Jingjing , Guo Lianxian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractZebrafish (Danio rerio) have attracted much attention over the past decade as a reliable model for gut microbiome research. Owing to their low cost, strong genetic and development coherence, efficient preparation of germ‐free (GF) larvae, availability in high‐throughput chemical screening, and fitness for intravital imaging in vivo, zebrafish have been extensively used to investigate microbiome‐host interactions and evaluate the toxicity of environmental pollutants. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish for studying the role of the gut microbiome compared with warm‐blooded animal models are first summarized. Then, the roles of zebrafish gut microbiome on host development, metabolic pathways, gut‐brain axis, and immune disorders and responses are addressed. Furthermore, their applications for the toxicological assessment of aquatic environmental pollutants and exploration of the molecular mechanism of pathogen infections are reviewed. We highlight the great potential of the zebrafish model for developing probiotics for xenobiotic detoxification, resistance against bacterial infection, and disease prevention and cure. Overall, the zebrafish model promises a brighter future for gut microbiome research.
NIR‐I‐Responsive Single‐Band Upconversion Emission through Energy Migration in Core–Shell–Shell Nanostructures
Authors: Ding Mingye , Cui Songsong , Fang Liang , Lin Zixia , Lu Chunhua , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHere we report a new strategy to tune both excitation and emission peaks of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) into the first infrared biowindow (NIR‐I, 650–900 nm) with high NIR‐I‐to‐NIR‐I upconversion efficiency. By introducing the sensitizer Nd3+, activator Er3+, energy migrator Yb3+ and energy manipulator Mn2+ into specific region to construct proposed energy migration processes in the designed core–shell–shell nanoarchitecture, back energy transfer (BET) from activator to sensitizer or migrator can be greatly blocked and the NIR‐to‐red upconversion emission can be efficiently promoted. Consequently, BET‐induced photon quenching and the undesired green‐emitting radiative transition are entirely eliminated, leading to high‐efficiency single‐band red upconversion emission upon 808 nm NIR‐I laser excitation. Our findings provide insights into fundamental lanthanide interactions and advance the development of UCNPs for bioapplications with techniques that overturn traditional limitations.
Continuous Flow Preparation of Benzylic Sodium Organometallics
Authors: Harenberg Johannes H. , Reddy Annapureddy Rajasekar , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a lateral sodiation of alkyl(hetero)arenes using on‐demand generated hexane‐soluble (2‐ethylhexyl)sodium (1) in the presence of TMEDA. (2‐Ethylhexyl)sodium (1) is prepared via a sodium packed‐bed reactor and used for metalations at ambient temperature in batch as well as in continuous flow. The resulting benzylic sodium species are subsequently trapped with various electrophiles including carbonyl compounds, epoxides, oxetane, allyl/benzyl chlorides, alkyl halides and alkyl tosylates. Wurtz‐type couplings with secondary alkyl halides and tosylates proceed under complete inversion of stereochemistry. Furthermore, the utility of this lateral sodiation is demonstrated in the synthesis of pharmaceutical relevant compounds. Thus, fingolimod is prepared from p‐xylene applying the lateral sodiation twice. In addition, 7‐fold isotopically labeled salmeterol‐d7 and fenpiprane as well as precursors to super linear alkylbenzene (SLAB) surfactants are prepared.
Providing the missing links in fern life history: Insights from a phenological survey of the gametophyte stage
Authors: Quinlan Alexandria , Lee Pei‐Hsuan , Tang Te‐Yen , Huang Yao‐Moan , Chiou Wen‐Liang , Kuo Li‐Yaung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPremiseThe entire life cycle of ferns has been documented, yet their life histories are still poorly understood. In particular, the phenology of fern gametophytes remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we demonstrated a new ecological approach to explore the phenological link between spore release and gametophyte maturation within the life history of a tree fern species.MethodsWe conducted a serial survey of Alsophila podophylla gametophyte abundance in the field, and recorded the time of its spore release. Every two months for one year, all terrestrial fern gametophytes in an unsampled subplot were collected and identified using tissue‐direct PCR.ResultsWe found temporal differences in gametophyte abundances, with a sevenfold difference between the highest and lowest months. The number of spores released was linked to the gametophyte abundance two months later. The switch from gametophyte to juvenile sporophyte was found to be most correlated with precipitation.DiscussionThe observed fluctuation in gametophyte abundance and population structure was likely associated with the phenology of spore release and environmental factors. Importantly, these findings provide the first evidence of phenological links between different developmental stages in a fern's life history.
A conceptual model of risk and protective factors for autistic burnout
Authors: Mantzalas Jane , Richdale Amanda L. , Dissanayake Cheryl 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarly qualitative research indicates that autistic burnout is commonly experienced by autistic people and is associated with significant, negative consequences for their mental health, wellbeing, and quality of life, including suicidality. Findings to date suggest that factors associated with being autistic and the widespread lack of autism awareness and acceptance within society contribute to the onset and recurrence of autistic burnout. Based on autistic adults' descriptions of their lived experiences, a Conceptual Model of Autistic Burnout (CMAB) is proposed, which describes a series of hypothesized relationships between identified risk and protective factors that may contribute to, or buffer against, autistic burnout. The theoretical framework for the CMAB is based on the Social‐Relational model of disability and neurodiversity paradigm, and the Job Demands‐Resources model of burnout, and Conservation of Resources theory. The CMAB offers a holistic perspective for understanding individual, social, and environmental factors that can influence autistic burnout via various direct and indirect pathways. Autistic burnout research is in its infancy and the CMAB provides a foundation for future investigations about this condition.Lay SummaryAlthough many autistic people describe experiencing autistic burnout, there has been little research on this topic. Based on descriptions of autistic peoples' lived experiences, we developed a conceptual model to explore how various risk and protective factors may interact to contribute to, or prevent, autistic burnout.
Playful punctuation in primary children’s writing
Authors: Burrell Andrew , Beard Roger 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe writing of three attainment groups of 10‐ to 11‐year‐old children was used to investigate their use of ludic (playful) punctuation in the composition of an advertisement for a new dessert. Framed within a consideration of language play in general, and children’s use of punctuation in particular, the investigation revealed the ways in which primary children use playful punctuation in order to achieve their persuasive aims. There were clear differences between the attainment groups in both the content and range of these uses. The findings suggest that such uses—like language play as a whole—warrant further attention in educational research. Children use playful punctuation in distinctive ways without being prompted to do so. Future work needs to identify the writing tasks that enable the use of playful punctuation to flourish.
Multifaceted targeted protein degradation systems for different cellular compartments
Authors: Zorca Cornelia E. , Fallahi Armaan , Luo Sophie , Eldeeb Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSelective protein degradation maintains cellular homeostasis, but this process is disrupted in many diseases. Targeted protein degradation (TPD) approaches, built upon existing cellular mechanisms, are promising methods for therapeutically regulating protein levels. Here, we review the diverse palette of tools that are now available for doing so throughout the gene expression pathway and in specific cellular compartments. These include methods for directly removing targeted proteins via the ubiquitin proteasome system with proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) or dephosphorylation targeting chimeras (DEPTACs). Similar effects can also be achieved through the lysosomal system with autophagy‐targeting chimeras (AUTACs), autophagosome tethering compounds (ATTECs), and lysosome targeting chimeras (LYTACs). Other methods act upstream to degrade RNAs (ribonuclease targeting chimeras; RIBOTACs) or transcription factors (transcription factor targeting chimeras; TRAFTACs), offering control throughout the gene expression process. We highlight the evolution and function of these methods and discuss their clinical implications in diverse disease contexts.
Confluence of law enforcement, mental health, and race
Authors: Bailey Rahn K. , Barker Chikira H. , Grover Amit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDisparities in victimization by law enforcement for both people of color and individuals with mental health disorders is gaining national attention following the deaths of George Floyd, Sandra Bland, TAmir Rice, and many others. Despite this, the discussion around the intersectionality of race, psychiatric illness, and law enforcement is still in its infancy, the purpose of this article is to discuss the confluence of race and psychiatric illness as vulnerabilities in various contacts with law enforcement in order to further highlight this issue and to ignite further needed research on this topic. Possible solutions such as police‐hiring practices, bias training, and trauma‐informed policing will be discussed.
Transplantation of neuron‐inducing grafts embedding positively charged gold nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury
Authors: Ko Wan‐Kyu , Kim Seong Jun , Han Gong Ho , Lee Daye , Jeong Dabin , Lee Sang Jin , Han In‐Bo , Hong Je Beom , Sheen Seung Hun , Sohn Seil 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) by inducing cellular differentiation of transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) into neurons. We dissociated NSCs from the spinal cords of Fisher 344 rat embryos. An injectable gel crosslinked with glycol chitosan and oxidized hyaluronate was used as a vehicle for NSC transplantation. The gel graft containing the NSC and positively charged gold nanoparticles (pGNP) was implanted into spinal cord lesions in Sprague–Dawley rats (NSC‐pGNP gel group). Cellular differentiation of grafted NSCs into neurons (stained with β‐tubulin III [also called Tuj1]) was significantly increased in the NSC‐pGNP gel group (***p < 0.001) compared to those of two control groups (NSC and NSC gel groups) in the SCI conditions. The NSC‐pGNP gel group showed the lowest differentiation into astrocytes (stained with glial fibrillary acidic protein). Regeneration of damaged axons (stained with biotinylated dextran amines) within the lesion was two‐fold higher in the NSC‐pGNP gel group than that in the NSC gel group. The highest locomotor scores were also found in the NSC‐pGNP gel group. These outcomes suggest that neuron‐inducing pGNP gel graft embedding embryonic spinal cord‐derived NSCs can be a useful type of stem cell therapy after SCI.
The effect of anterior uterocervical angle and cervical length on the development of pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: Aksakal Sezin E. , Pay Ramazan Erda , Kose Caner , Altınbas Sadıman K. , Tapisiz Omer L. , Engin‐Ustun Yaprak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study aims to compare the uterine body longitudinal axis, uterine body transverse axis, uterine cervix longitudinal axis and anterior cervical axis angle measured ultrasonographically between women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and healthy controls. Women aged 18–45 years with PID and healthy controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, uterine body long axis, uterine body transverse axis, uterine cervix long axis and anterior cervical axis angle of PID patients and healthy controls were evaluated. Gravida, parity, history of smoking were significantly higher in the PID group (n = 75) than the control group (n = 74). The uterine body longitudinal axis (p = 0.001) and transverse axis (p = 0.005) were significantly lower, and the cervix longitudinal axis (p < 0.001) and the anterior uterocervical angle (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the PID group than the control group. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that uterine body (UTX) longitudinal axis (p = 0.005), uterine cervix longitudinal axis (p < 0.001) and UCA (p < 0.001) were significant predictors of PID. Uterine body longitudinal axis, uterine cervix longitudinal axis, and UCA can be associated to PID.