bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الاتساق التبعي للخطاب القرآني في السور القصار
Authors: رمضان صالح رحمن  , محمد صابر مصطفى  
Published: August 2022

الاتساق في اللغة: ذكر ابن فارس (ت 395هـ): الواو والسين والقاف: كلمة تدل على حمل الشيء، وَوَسَقَتِ العَيْنُ المَاءَ: حَمَلَتْهُ، قال الله عز وجل: [ وَاللَّيْلِ وَمَا وَسَقَ] سورة الانشقاق 84 / 17 أي: جمع وحمل، قال الراغب الأصفهاني (ت502 هـ) الاتساق: الاجتماع والاطراد معجم مقاييس اللغة 6/109، وقال الزمخشري: هو الانضمام، فكل ما انضم، فقد اتسق، واتساق القمر هو استواؤه، قال الله تعالى: [وَالْقَمَرِ إِذَا اتَّسَقَ]، وقال ابن منظور (ت 711هـ) الاتساق هو: الانتظام، وقيل: اتسق الشيء، اذا اجتمع وانضم وانتظم لسان العرب 15/300. مادة (و س ق).
فالاتساق مفهوم دلالي يحيل الى العلاقات المعنوية القائمة داخل النص ويتمثل في ذلك التماسك الشديد بين العناصر اللغوية المكون للحدث الكلامي... ولا يتم الاتساق في المستوى الدلالي فحسب؛ وانما يحصل ايضا في المستويات اللغوية الاخرى، كالنحو والمعجم... وهذا مرتبط بتصور الباحثين للغة كنظام ذي ثلاثة أبعاد: 1- مستويات الدلالة (المعاني) 2- مستويات النحو والمعجم (الاشكال) 3- مستويات الصوت والكتابة (التعبير)، والمقصود بهذا التصور ان المعاني تتحقق كأشكال، والأشكال كتعابير، أي تنقل المعاني الى كلمات، والكلمات الى أصوات او كتابة، فهذه الترسيمة توضح هذا الأمر الإعجاز البياني للقرآن/ مسائل ابن الازرق 309
A experiência de vida dos trabalhadores da saúde mental durante a pandemia do coronavírus
Authors: Santos Lucas Rafael dos , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Silva Júlia Carolina de Mattos Cerioni , Oliveira Marcia Aparecida Ferreira de 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: conhecer a experiência de vida dos trabalhadores de saúde mental durante o primeiro ano da pandemia do coronavírus. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo com uso de narrativas, realizado em quatro serviços de saúde mental de um município do interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário on-line e a análise se deu pela hermenêutica dialética. Resultados: participaram 108 trabalhadores da saúde, predominou-se o sexo feminino, brancos, idade entre 38 e 47 anos, relação estável ou casamento e ensino superior. A partir das narrativas emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Adaptações às novas rotinas pessoais e Adaptações à nova rotina no trabalho. Conclusão: os trabalhadores da saúde mental experienciaram impactos que geram múltiplos anseios. Estratégias organizacionais que propiciem momentos de escuta e ofereça segurança e condições de trabalho adequadas são favoráveis ao momento enfrentado e necessitam ser discutidas nos serviços em questão.
Child development at age 5 years: The effects of maternal education, socioeconomic status and early-life growth examined prospectively in a lowresource setting
Authors: Slemming W , Norris S A , Kagura K , Saloojee H , Richter L 
Published: August 2022

Background. Deeper insight into relationships between social factors and early childhood growth and development is required, particularly in low-resource settings.
Objectives. To determine (i) associations between early linear growth and child development at 5 years; and (ii) whether early childhood growth mediates relationships between maternal education, household socioeconomic status (SES) and subsequent child development.
Methods. This study used data from the Birth to Twenty Plus study, a longitudinal South African birth cohort study. The study sample comprised 636 participants with complete data at all relevant time points for the analysis. Household SES and maternal education were measured during pregnancy and the first two years of life, and growth between birth and 4 years of age. Child development was assessed using the Revised Denver Pre-screening Developmental Questionnaire (R-DPDQ). Multivariable regression analyses were used to investigate the association between SES, maternal education, growth and child development, and structural equation modelling was used to analyse the mediation of growth.
Results. In both sexes, higher birthweight and household SES were associated with higher R-DPDQ scores. Increased relative linear growth, particularly between 0 and 2 years, was associated with higher R-DPDQ scores among boys (β=0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27 - 1.37) at age 5. Growth status but not SES mediated the association between maternal education and R-DPDQ scores.
Conclusion. Child development at 5 years was independently associated with SES and birthweight. The negative effects of lower maternal education on child development was attenuated by better growth.
Primary hyperoxaluria: The Baragwanath experience
Authors: Chang C-L , Petersen K L , Cilliers A M , Kalla U K 
Published: August 2022

Background. Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterised by defects in the metabolism of glyoxylate which leads to excess oxalate production. It is an important disease to diagnose as it can progress to kidney failure (KF).
Objective. To describe the characteristics, diagnosis and management of PH in South Africa and to identify any determinants of KF and death.
Method. A retrospective study of all children younger than 16 years of age, diagnosed with PH at the Paediatric Renal Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, from 1984 - 2017.
Results. A total of 24 patients were identified, of which 20 records were available for complete analysis. The median age of presentation was 6.0 years. The common clinical presentations were urolithiasis (90%), KF (85%), nephrocalcinosis (75%), urinary tract infections (55%) and haematuria (30%). Nephrocalcinosis was better detected on abdominal radiograph compared with ultrasonography. Both nephrocalcinosis (p=0.009) and haematuria (p=0.018) were significantly associated with KF. Five patients had A112D genetic mutation in the AGXT. Fourteen received dialysis and four were transplanted. The mortality rate in this study was 58.3%.
Conclusion. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for PH in patients presenting with haematuria, urolithiasis and KF. This study supports the measurement of urine oxalate levels and abdominal radiographs in screening for PH in children presenting in KF.
Geographic Variation in Appointment Wait Times for US Military Veterans
Authors: Feyman Yevgeniy , Asfaw Daniel A. , Griffith Kevin N. 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceTimely access to medical care is an important determinant of health and well-being. The US Congress passed the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act in 2014 and the VA MISSION (Maintaining Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks) Act in 2018, both of which allow veterans to access care from community-based clinicians, but geographic variation in appointment wait times after the passage of these acts have not been studied.ObjectiveTo describe geographic variation in wait times experienced by veterans for primary care, mental health, and other specialties.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a cross-sectional study using data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Corporate Data Warehouse. Participants include veterans who sought medical care from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2021. Data analysis was performed from February to June 2022.ExposuresReferral to either VHA or community-based clinicians.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTotal appointment wait times (in days) for 3 care categories: primary care, mental health, and all other specialties. VHA medical centers are organized into regions called Veterans Integrated Services Networks (VISNs); wait times were aggregated to the VISN level.ResultsThe final sample included 22 632 918 million appointments for 4 846 892 unique veterans (77.3% male; mean [SD] age, 61.6 [15.5] years). Among non-VHA appointments, mean (SD) VISN-level appointment wait times were 38.9 (8.2) days for primary care, 43.9 (9.0) days for mental health, and 41.9 (5.9) days for all other specialties. Among VHA appointments, mean (SD) VISN-level appointment wait times were 29.0 (5.5) days for primary care, 33.6 (4.6) days for mental health, and 35.4 (2.7) days for all other specialties. There was substantial geographic variation in appointment wait times. Among non-VHA appointments, VISN-level appointment wait times ranged from 25.4 to 52.4 days for primary care, from 29.3 to 65.7 days for mental health, and from 34.7 to 54.8 days for all other specialties. Among VHA appointments, wait times ranged from 22.4 to 43.4 days for primary care, from 24.7 to 42.0 days for mental health, and from 30.3 to 41.9 days for all other specialties. There was a correlation between wait times across care categories and setting (VHA vs community care).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found substantial variation in wait times across care type and geography, and VHA wait times in a majority of VISNs were lower than those for community-based clinicians, even after controlling for differences in specialty mix. These findings suggest that liberalized access to community care under the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act and the VA MISSION Act may not result in lower wait times within these regions.
Dosimetric analysis of MR‐LINAC treatment plans for salvage spine SBRT re‐irradiation
Authors: Han Eun Young , Yeboa Debra N. , Briere Tina M. , Yang Jinzhong , Wang He 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeWe investigated the feasibility of thoracic spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using the Elekta Unity magnetic resonance‐guided linear accelerator (MRL) in patients who received prior radiotherapy. We hypothesized that Monaco treatment plans can improve the gross tumor volume minimum dose (GTVmin) with spinal cord preservation and maintain consistent plan quality during daily adaptation.MethodsPinnacle clinical plans for 10 patients who underwent thoracic spine SBRT (after prior radiotherapy) were regenerated in the Monaco treatment planning system for the Elekta Unity MRL using 9 and 13 intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) beams. Monaco adapt‐to‐position (ATP) and adapt‐to‐shape (ATS) workflow plans were generated using magnetic resonance imaging with a simulated daily positional setup deviation, and these adaptive plans were compared with Monaco reference plans. Plan quality measures included target coverage, Paddick conformity index, gradient index, homogeneity index, spinal cord D0.01cc, esophagus D0.01cc, lung V10, and skin D0.01cc.ResultsGTVmin values from the Monaco 9‐beam and 13‐beam plans were significantly higher than those from Pinnacle plans (p < 0.01) with similar spinal cord dose. Spinal cord D0.01cc, esophagus D0.01cc, and lung V10 did not statistically differ among the three plans. The electron‐return effect did not induce remarkable dose effects around the lungs or skin. While in the ATP workflow, a large increase in GTVmin was observed at the cost of a 10%–50% increase in spinal cord D0.01cc, in the ATS workflow, the spinal cord dose increase was maintained within 3% of the reference plan.ConclusionThese findings show that MRL plans for thoracic spine SBRT are safe and feasible, allowing tumor dose escalation with spinal cord preservation and consistent daily plan adaptation using the ATS workflow. Careful plan review of hot spots and lung dose is necessary for safe MRL‐based treatment.
Oriented Thiophene‐Extended Benzotrithiophene Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films: Directional Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Frey Laura , Pöhls Jonas Fredrik , Hennemann Matthias , Mähringer Andre , Reuter Stephan , Clark Timothy , Weitz Ralf Thomas , Medina Dana Dina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on a novel thiophene‐extended benzotrithiophene (BTT) building block is described, which in combination with triazine‐based amines (1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl)trianiline (TTA) or (1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl)tris(([1,1´‐biphenyl]‐4‐amine)) (TTTBA)) affords crystalline, and porous imine‐linked COFs, BTT TTA and BTT TTTBA, with surface areas as high as 932 and 1200 m2 g−1, respectively. Oriented thin films are grown successfully on different substrates, as indicated by grazing incidence diffraction (GID). Room‐temperature in‐plane electrical conductivity of up to 10−4 S m−1 is measured for both COFs. Temperature‐dependent electrical conductivity measurements indicate activation energies of ≈123.3 meV for BTT TTA and ≈137.5 meV for BTT TTTBA and trap‐dominated charge transport via a hopping mechanism for both COFs. Moreover, conductive atomic force microscopy reveals directional and defect‐dominated charge transport in the oriented BTT COF films with a strong preference for the in‐plane direction within the molecular 2D‐planes. Quantum mechanical calculations predict BTT TTTBA to conduct holes and electrons effectively in both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions. In‐plane, charge carrier transport is of hopping character where the triazine cores represent the barrier. Out‐of‐plane, a continuous charge‐carrier pathway is calculated that is hampered by an imposed structural defect simulated by a rotated molecular COF layer.
Oscillating Gadolinium Thermal Diode Using Temperature‐Dependent Magnetic Forces
Authors: Zhu Qing , Zdrojewski Kaitlyn , Castelli Lorenzo , Wehmeyer Geoff 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance thermal diodes would enable improved waste heat scavenging and thermal management systems. Prior study has indicated that the temperature (T)‐dependent magnetic response of ferromagnets near the Curie temperature provides a potential mechanism for thermal rectification via thermally induced mechanical oscillations between hot and cold surfaces, but the rectification was not investigated in a macroscopic device. Here, a centimeter‐scale oscillating gadolinium thermal diode (OGTD) is constructed with steady‐state thermal rectification ratios (γ) as large as γ = 23 in air and γ = 16 in vacuum. In the forward mode when the top surface is warmer than 26 °C and the bottom surface is colder than 20 °C, an unstable balance between gravitational forces and T‐dependent magnetic forces causes a shuttle containing gadolinium to oscillate and transfer thermal energy. In the reverse mode, the shuttle does not oscillate and energy is transferred via parasitic conduction. The diode is durable over >103 oscillation cycles and can be used in thermal circuits for rapid thermal regulation in time‐varying environments or half‐wave thermal rectification with up to 50% of the ideal‐diode performance. The experiments show that the OGTD can achieve large γ in a convenient geometry and T range for thermal control applications.
Hemithioindigo‐Based Visible Light‐Activated Molecular Machines Kill Bacteria by Oxidative Damage
Authors: Santos Ana L. , van Venrooy Alexis , Reed Anna K. , Wyderka Aaron M. , García‐López Víctor , Alemany Lawrence B. , Oliver Antonio , Tegos George P. , Tour James M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is a growing health threat. There is an urgent and critical need to develop new antimicrobial modalities and therapies. Here, a set of hemithioindigo (HTI)‐based molecular machines capable of specifically killing Gram‐positive bacteria within minutes of activation with visible light (455 nm at 65 mW cm−2) that are safe for mammalian cells is described. Importantly, repeated exposure of bacteria to HTI does not result in detectable development of resistance. Visible light‐activated HTI kill both exponentially growing bacterial cells and antibiotic‐tolerant persister cells of various Gram‐positive strains, including methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Visible light‐activated HTI also eliminate biofilms of S. aureus and B. subtilis in as little as 1 h after light activation. Quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and protein carbonyls, as well as assays with various ROS scavengers, identifies oxidative damage as the underlying mechanism for the antibacterial activity of HTI. In addition to their direct antibacterial properties, HTI synergize with conventional antibiotics in vitro and in vivo, reducing the bacterial load and mortality associated with MRSA infection in an invertebrate burn wound model. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the antimicrobial activity of HTI‐based molecular machines.
Antimony‐Doped p‐Type In2Se3 for Heterophase Homojunction with High‐Performance Reconfigurable Broadband Photovoltaic Effect
Authors: Li Shasha , Wang Bing , Li Lixia , Li Jie , Wang Mengna , Luo Gaoli , Ren Xiao , Yan Yong , Li Jingbo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeterophase homojunction (HH) presents a new paradigm in the next‐generation broadband photodetection, light‐emitting diode, and nonvolatile memory devices. Lattice mismatch is one of the fundamental characteristics that makes the HH devices difficult to stand out. In2Se3, as a polymorphic layered semiconductor, can provide an effective approach to breaking the critical constraint on interlayer lattice mismatch. However, it is extremely important and challenging to control the crystal phase of In2Se3. In this paper, the phase‐selective growth are achieved by alloying antimony (Sb) into In2Se3 crystal structure forming In2(1−x)Sb2xSe3 crystals, where x = 0–20%. Interestingly, for x = 13%, β‐In1.74Sb0.26Se3 exhibits a p‐type semiconductor characteristic. Accordingly, an α‐In2Se3/β‐In1.74Sb0.26Se3 van der Waals p–n HH is designed and fabricated. This device not only achieves a broadband spectral photovoltaic response from the visible to near‐infrared (405–1064 nm) but also exhibits a fast photoresponse speed at about microseconds at room temperature. Moreover, the photovoltaic figure‐of‐merits can be greatly modulated by the reconfigurable built‐in potential in the p–n HH that is related to the ferroelectric polarization in α‐In2Se3. This work enables a great significance of vdW ferroelectric HHs for future photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
An Interdigitated Li‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte Framework for Interfacial Stable All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Yang Yufei , Chen Hao , Wan Jiayu , Xu Rong , Zhang Pu , Zhang Wenbo , Oyakhire Solomon T. , Kim Sang Cheol , Boyle David T. , Peng Yucan , Ma Yinxing , Cui Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries are prominent candidates for next‐generation batteries with high energy density and low safety risks. However, the traditional planar contact between Li metal and solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) exhibits substantive void formation and large interfacial morphological fluctuation, causing poor interfacial stability. Here, an interdigitated Li‐solid polymer electrolyte framework (I‐Li@SPE), a pioneering demonstration of 3D interface in polymer‐based all‐solid‐state batteries, is designed, transferring the Li‐SSE interfacial contact from planar to 3D for enhanced interfacial integrity. A smooth and intact 3D Li‐SSE interfacial contact after repeated cycling that precedes planar Li‐SSE contact, is shown. COMSOL simulation indicates I‐Li@SPE reduces local current densities by more than 40% and moderates interfacial variation by more than 50%. As a result, I‐Li@SPE achieves high critical current density of 1 mA cm−2, as well as promising high areal capacity cycling of 4 mAh cm−2 at 0.4 mA cm−2. This work provides a new structure for Li‐SSE composite fabrication and high‐capacity solid‐state Li batteries.
Cotton waste‐derived biochar and compost improve early growth and AMF association in cotton
Authors: Mowrer Jake , Dembele Ginette , Strzelec Andrea , Thapa Binita 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImproving the sustainability of cotton (Gossypium hirusutum L.) production can be achieved by returning organic matter and nutrients to degraded soils. Amendment with biochar prepared from locally available feedstocks has been suggested as a pathway to sustainability. A greenhouse study collaboratively conducted by Malian and Texas A&M investigators evaluated the effect of biochar prepared from two feedstocks readily available in northwestern Africa: cotton field residue and rice (Oryza sativa L.) hulls, on cotton plants grown to 6 wk. A composted municipal biosolid was included for comparison with the more carbon (C)‐stable biochars. Four soils of contrasting properties were included in the study. Plant growth response variables were all affected by soil type (p < .0001). Shoot height was improved by biochars and composts in all soils. Root mass was improved by amendment only in the soil with the greatest clay content. Nitrogen (N) uptake was significantly depressed, and phosphorus (P) uptake was increased under biochar and compost amendment in the most coarsely textured soil. No effect on N and P uptake was observed in the soil with the greatest clay content. Ridge regression analysis showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization was positively related to the P content of the amendments (1.41*Pamend), negatively related to soil P (–0.49*Psoil) and positively related to both soil pH (2.15*pH) and clay content (1.130*clay%). Results indicate that degraded soils may be restored through amendment with biochar created from locally available feedstock to improve sustainability of cotton production. Soil properties will determine the degree of benefit.
Eine tumor‐inhibierende Rheniumtricarbonylverbindung beeinflusst die Biogenese des Fe−S Clusters
Authors: Neuditschko Benjamin , King A. Paden , Huang Zhouyang , Janker Lukas , Bileck Andrea , Borutzki Yasmin , Marker Sierra C. , Gerner Christopher , Wilson Justin J. , Meier‐Menches Samuel M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDie Identifizierung von Zielmolekülen ist nach wie vor eine erhebliche Hürde in der präklinischen Entdeckungsphase metallhaltiger Wirkstoffe, und entscheidend um potenzielle polypharmakologische Aspekte zu entschlüsseln. Hier beschreiben wir einen verbesserten Ansatz zur Identifizierung von priorisierten Zielprotein‐Kandidaten für die Rheniumtricarbonylverbindung TRIP, der auf einer Kombination aus dosisabhängiger Chemoproteomik und Behandlungseffekten in lebenden Krebszellen beruht. Der chemoproteomische Ansatz ergab 89 dosisabhängige Interaktoren, die zwischen 0.1–32 μM kompetitiv gesättigt wurden, und das trotz der breiten proteotoxischen Wirkung von TRIP. Durch die Erstellung von Target‐Response‐Netzwerken wurden weiters zwei sehr wahrscheinliche Interaktoren identifiziert, von denen der Fe−S‐Cluster‐Biogenesefaktor NUBP2 durch freies TRIP bei nanomolaren Konzentrationen kompetitiv gesättigt wurde. Die Behandlung der Krebszellen mit TRIP führte zudem zu einer Herunterregulierung von Fe−S‐Cluster‐haltigen Proteinen und einer Hochregulierung von Ferritin. Die Verarmung an Fe−S‐Clustern wurde durch die Analyse der mitochondrialen Bioenergetik zusätzlich verifiziert. TRIP entpuppt sich somit als erster Modulator des Gerüstproteins NUBP2 und stört die Fe−S‐Cluster‐Biogenese in Eierstockkrebszellen bei subzytotoxischen Konzentrationen.
Oxyborylene als Photoreduktionsmittel: Synthese und Anwendung in Dehalogenierungen und Detosylierungen
Authors: Lenz Philipp , Oshimizu Ryo , Klabunde Sina , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Tendyck Jonas C. , Mori Tatsuya , Uhl Werner , Hansen Michael Ryan , Eckert Hellmut , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Studer Armido 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObwohl sich das Spektrum verfügbarer Borylene in den letzten zehn Jahren erheblich erweiterte, sind ihre Anwendungen nach wie vor limitiert. In dieser Arbeit präsentieren wir dreifach koordinierte Oxyborylene als potente Photoreduktionsmittel, die durch sichtbares Licht aktiviert werden können. Die Einelektronenoxidation der CAAC‐stabilisierten Oxyborylene (CAAC)(IPr2Me2)BOR (R=TMS, CH2CH2C6H5, CH2CH2(4‐F)C6H4) zu den entsprechenden Radikalkationen wird mit Ferroceniumionen als Oxidationsmittel realisiert. Cyclovoltammetrische Studien zeigen für diese Oxyborylene Grundzustands‐Redoxpotentiale von bis zu −1.90 V vs. Fc+/0, womit sie zu den stärksten organischen Super‐Elektronendonoren gehören. Ihre Eigenschaften als Photoreduktionsmittel werden durch theoretische Studien untermauert und durch die Anwendung als stöchiometrische Reagenzien für die mit sichtbarem Licht vermittelte Detosylierung von Anilinen sowie Hydrodehalogenierung von Arylchloriden, Arylbromiden und nicht aktivierten Alkylbromiden unter Beweis gestellt.