bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-target trajectory tracking in multi-frame video images of basketball sports based on deep learning
Authors: Gong Yong , Srivastava Gautam 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: There is occlusion interference in the multi-target visual tracking process of basketball video images, which leads to poor accuracy of multi-target trajectory tracking. This paper studies the multi-target trajectory tracking method in multi-frame video images of basketball sports based on deep learning.
OBJECTIVES: Aiming at the problem of target occlusion in the tracking process and the problem of trajectory tracking anomaly caused by target occlusion, a modified algorithm is proposed.
METHODS: The method is divided into two parts: detection and tracking. In the detection part, the YOLOv3 algorithm in deep learning technology is used to detect each target in the video, and the original YOLOv3 backbone network Darknet-53 is replaced by the lightweight backbone network MobileNetV2 to extract the target features.
RESULTS: Based on the target detection results, the Kalman filter is used to predict the next position and bounding box size of the target to obtain the target trajectory prediction results according to the current target position, then a hierarchical data association algorithm is designed, and multi-target tracking of the same category is completed based on the target appearance feature similarity and feature similarity.
CONCLUSION: The experimental results show that the method can accurately detect the targets in multi-frame video images in basketball sports and obtain high-precision target trajectory tracking results.
The Cuntz semigroup of unital commutative AI-algebras
Authors: Vilalta Eduard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe provide an abstract characterization for the Cuntz semigroup of unital commutative AI-algebras, as well as a characterization for abstract Cuntz semigroups of the form
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Lsc}} (X,\overline {\mathbb {N}})$
for some
$T_1$
-space X. In our investigations, we also uncover new properties that the Cuntz semigroup of all AI-algebras satisfies.
Nearly sharp Lang–Weil bounds for a hypersurface
Authors: Slavov Kaloyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe improve to nearly optimal the known asymptotic and explicit bounds for the number of
$\mathbb {F}_q$
-rational points on a geometrically irreducible hypersurface over a (large) finite field. The proof involves a Bertini-type probabilistic combinatorial technique. Namely, we slice the given hypersurface with a random plane.
Congenital complete arhinia with alobar holoprosencephaly
Authors: P. Boakye-Yiadom Adwoa , B. Nguah Samuel , Mahama Haruna , Plange-Rhule Gyikua 
Published: October 2022

Congenital arhinia is a life-threatening, rare craniofacial disorder, which, when not identified and managed early can cause severe respiratory distress at birth due to upper airway obstruction. Since neonates are obligate nasal breathers, simultaneous sucking and breathing requirement in neonates with arhinia leads to respiratory distress. Inspiration and expiration through the oral passage alone may result in thoracic retraction, thereby further exacerbating respiratory distress.We report a rare case of congenital complete arhinia with alobar holoprosencephaly in a 9-month-old. With no family history of congenital malformations, maternal risk factors and uneventful pregnancy, a term female neonate was de-livered vaginally without immediate post-delivery respiratory distress.
Examination revealed microcephaly, absent fontanelles, fused cranial sutures and bilateral microphthalmia. Breathing was spontaneous, with no immediate signs of respiratory distress. An additional diagnosis of alobar holoprosencephaly was made after a head computed tomog-raphy (CT) scan was done. Management included the initial stabilisation phase of supplemental oxygen and an oro-gastric tube for feeding. The baby did not require both tracheostomy and gastrostomy tubes, as she was not in severe respiratory distress requiring a tracheostomy tube nor having difficulties feeding with the orogastric tube.
Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha spicata leaves aqueous extracts in different regions of Algeria and their antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities
Authors: Kaddour Abdelbasset , Amara Djilani Ghemam , Moussaoui Younes , Chemsa Ahmed Elkhalifa , Alia Zaid , Kamarchou Abasse 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha spicata (MS) leaves aqueous extracts obtained from different regions (El-Oued, Tebessa and El-Tarf) of Algeria, as well as their in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.
Methods: Aqueous extracts were obtained from the air-dried leaves of MS by maceration followed by filtration and evaporation using a rotary evaporator. Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride colorimetric techniques were used to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, respectively. The radical DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP tests were used to determine their antioxidant activities, while the in vitro inhibition percentages of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes were used to assess the anti-diabetic activity.
Results: The El-Oued's extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (108.94 mg GAE/g dry extract (DE)), while the highest total flavonoid content (0.039 mg QE/g DE) was found in El-Tarf's extract. The radical DPPH and FRAP scavenging activity of the El-Oued extract exhibited the highest inhibition activities (IC50 = 102.5 and 289.5 μg/mL), respectively, while the ABTS inhibition activity of the El-Tarf extract exhibited a maximum IC50 value of 111 ± 2.8 μg/mL. The MS extract of the El-Oued region had the highest α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme activities with IC50 values of 121.4 and 216.9 μg/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: The leaves of Mentha spicata exhibit high phenolic and flavonoid contents, along with significant antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. This study reveals that Mentha spicata flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as other properties vary by region.
Effect of the combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and oral paroxetine hydrochloride in patients with post-stroke depression
Authors: Tian Bin , Zhang Shiwei , Li Qingyong , Sun Chengyong , Wu Ya’nan , Yang Hairong , Gao Zhan 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To determine the effects of combined use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and paroxetine hydrochloride tablets in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD), and its effect on scores on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL).
Methods: Clinical data for 96 patients with PSD who were treated in Dongying Traditional Chinese Hospital, Dongying City, China from June 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into treatment group (TG, n = 48) and reference group (RG, n = 48) based on odd and even hospitalization numbers. Both groups received conventional treatment, but RG patients were in addition given clopidogrel, while TG received CBT in combination with paroxetine hydrochloride tablets. Clinical indices were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. Moreover, therapeutic effects in the two different treatment methods on PSD, as well as on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL) scores were analyzed.
Results: After treatment, TG had lower HAMD score (p < 0.001), lower scores on modified Rankin scale, and few incidences of adverse reactions at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment (p < 0.05), but higher total clinical effectiveness and mean SS-QOL score (p < 0.05), when compared with RG.
Conclusion: Combined use of CBT and oral paroxetine hydrochloride tablets may be a promising strategy for treating depression and enhancing the quality of life of PSD patients, as it greatly improves neurological deficit and prognosis. However, further clinical trials should be carried out prior to introducing it in clinical practice.
MiR-155 protects against sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of NO/cGMP signaling pathway by eNOS
Authors: Lin Yanya , Hu Jianxiong , Chen Jianhui , Chen Shijun , Cai Yangfang , Lin Chengda 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To examine the impact of miR-155 on sepsis-induced myocardial apoptosis and heart failure, and to explore its molecular mechanism.
Methods: Mice were divided into four groups and septic myocardial dysfunction was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg). The LPS stimulation expression of miR-155 levels was determined by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In vivo, echocardiography and TUNEL staining were used to investigate the effects of miR-155 in inhibiting cardiac function and myocardial apoptosis. Changes in the expression of eNOS when miR-155 was overexpressed or inhibited were determined by RT-PCR, while double luciferase gene assay assessed the relationship between eNOS and miR-155, eNOS, expression of iNOS, SGC alpha 1, and PKG protein.
Results: MiR-155 was significantly increased after LPS stimulation (p < 0.01). In vitro, the inhibition of miR-155 by antagomiR significantly down-regulated the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes (p < 0.05), while overexpression of miR-155 by agomiR significantly up-regulated the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes (p < 0.05). In vivo, ejection fraction, fractional shortening and heart weight were significantly increased (p < 0.05), while apoptosis was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). MiR-155 negatively regulated the expression of eNOS (p < 0.01), and targeted the expression of eNOS mRNA (p < 0.001). In addition, the expression of eNOS, sGCα1 and PKA were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05), while the expression of iNOS was significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05) after the inhibition of miR-155 in LPS mouse model.
Conclusion: MiR-155 regulates sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart failure through eNOS /NO/cGMP signaling pathway. Thus, these findings can potentially facilitate the development of an effective strategy for management of heart failure.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices towards the Use of Iron and Folic Acid Supplements among Pregnant and Lactating Women in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Mshanga Cecilia N. , Maseta Elina J. 
Published: October 2022

The current study investigated knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding the use of iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements among pregnant and lactating women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Dar es Salaam. A cross-sectional survey involved 294 pregnant and lactating women attending Prevention of Mother-To Child Transmission (PMTCT) clinics. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the subjects. The data were analysed using SPSS. Multivariate regression analysis was carried out to determine factors associated with IFA supplement use among the study subjects. The findings indicated that knowledge of IFA supplement use among the subjects was good (92.2%). Most of the respondents (89.8%) had appropriate perceptions of IFA supplements. The subjects also showed positive attitudes towards the use of IFA supplements during pregnancy and lactation. However, practices towards the use of supplements were not satisfactory. It was further revealed that only 15.2% of the women received supplements during pregnancy and a few weeks after delivery as recommended. Women claimed the main barriers towards using the supplements were bad taste (46.7%) and nausea (45.2%). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that factors like being a businesswoman, comfortable use of the supplements and experiencing any barriers were significantly associated with practices on the use of the supplements. Thus, healthcare workers should clear up the misconceptions about using the supplements and instruct women on how to manage their potential side effects as they have been doing with other conditions or illnesses.
Keywords: Iron, folic acid, anaemia, supplements, knowledge, attitude, practice, pregnant, lactating women
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Asanje Iron Ore Deposit within the Mayamaya-Hombolo Belt, Dodoma Region, Central Tanzania
Authors: Shine Yusto J. , Msabi Michael M. , Seetharamaiah Jagarlamudi 
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the mineralogy and chemical composition including iron ore impurities to ascertain its suitability for industrial applications. The Asanje iron ore deposit is hosted in Precambrian volcano-sedimentary rocks in the Mayamaya-Hombolo Belt in Dodoma region, within the Lake Nyanza Superterrane. Iron ores are found in two parallel ridges trending NW-SE. Ridge I occurs as vein and banded hematite-type ore and Ridge II as massive-type ore. A total of 24 ore samples were analysed for major and trace elements by XRF and petrographic studies by optical microscopy and XRD. The XRD results revealed that hematite and goethite are the main components and quartz is the gangue mineral in the iron ores. The XRF data shows the Fe2O3t content ranges from 20.8 to 87.3 wt% with an average of 52.7 wt%. The average concentrations in wt% of impurities such as SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5 and S are 37.9, 0.9, 1.2, and 0.2, respectively. By comparison, Ridge II has greater iron content (30.5–87.3 = Avg. 64.66 wt% Fe2O3t) than Ridge I (20.8–78.22 = Avg. 48.68 wt% Fe2O3t). Based on the chemical composition, the quality of iron ore is categorised as low to medium grade, and can be used in metallurgical and cement industries.
Keywords: Mineralogy, Geochemistry, Asanje Iron ore deposit, Mayamaya-Hombolo Belt, Tanzania
Chemical Composition and Bioactive Potential of Extracts from Diospyros capricornuta F. White against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus
Authors: Ngowi Princess W. , Mmongoyo Juma A. , Kaale Lilian D. 
Published: October 2022

Diospyros capricornuta is an endemic species widely distributed along the coast of Tanzania that is used as food condiments and traditional medicine. The chemical compositions of Diospyros capricornuta leaves, stem-bark, and root-bark extracts; and their bioactive potentials against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus were investigated. The leaves, stem-bark, and root-bark samples of D. capricornuta were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and the resultant extracts were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 14 compounds were identified from the extracts, whereby 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol was the most abundant compound in all extracts. The growth and aflatoxin production inhibitions against A. flavus and A. parasiticus were determined via antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic bioassays of the extracts at the concentrations of 0.0, 62.5, 125.0, and 250.0 µg/mL using a poisoned-food method. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique was used to quantify the aflatoxins after bioassays to evaluate aflatoxin inhibitions. The stem-bark extracts at the highest dose of 250.0 µg/mL inhibited aflatoxin production by A. flavus for over 99% and A. parasiticus for over 94%. Overall, the results show that the leaves, stem-bark, and root-bark extracts of D. capricornuta are potential inhibitors against A. flavus and A. parasiticus-the producers of aflatoxins.
Keywords: Diospyros capricornuta; Growth inhibitions; Aflatoxin inhibitions; Aspergillus flavus; and Aspergillus parasiticus.
Obrigatoriedade de representação do poder público e da sociedade civil nos conselhos de administração das organizações sociais
Authors: Alexandre Neves da Silva André 
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo visa a analisar as implicações decorrentes do reconhecimento da abrangência nacional da Lei Federal nº 9.637/98 (Marco Legal das Organizações Sociais) pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, sobretudo no que tange à necessária representatividade do Poder Público e de entidades da sociedade civil no conselho de administração da associação sem fins econômicos que deseja se qualificar como organização social. Primeiramente, discorrer-se-á sobre o contexto da reforma administrativa do estado em que foi aprovada a Lei Federal nº 9.637/98, juntamente com as justificativas para a sua promulgação e seus princípios estruturantes. Simultaneamente, serão traçados comentários sobre as principais características desse modelo de atuação estatal no que se refere à prestação de serviços públicos. Em um segundo momento, será destacada a relevância reservada pela legislação ao conselho administrativo das organizações sociais, dado que a ele foi atribuída a prerrogativa de supervisionar a execução das atividades da OS, devendo, para tanto, ser composto, majoritariamente, por membros do Poder Público e de entidades da sociedade civil. Em seguida, será apresentado que diversas leis municipais divergem da lei federal, permitindo a qualificação de organizações sociais cujos conselhos de administração não possuam a devida representatividade. Ao mesmo tempo, será demonstrado que, recentemente, o STF sedimentou entendimento de que é inconstitucional lei local contrária à lei federal no que toca aos requisitos mínimos para qualificação de OS. Posteriormente, serão abordados episódios envolvendo desvio de recursos públicos por meio de organizações sociais, argumentando-se que tais irregularidades podem ser evitadas se observada a lei federal regente.
Arte, humor y juego: sus símbolos en el artista adulto y en el niño como armonizadores de nuestro conocimiento subjetivo y objetivo en la educación
Authors: León-Río Belén 
Published: October 2022

Nuestro modelo educativo actual está aún basado en la razón y el pensamiento cognoscitivo ligado al enjuiciamiento y la competitividad frente a una enseñanza donde el humor y lo lúdico tengan mayor cabida. Mediante el juego con los materiales y técnicas se desarrolla la intuición y la fantasía del ser humano conectando con símbolos de totalidad que nos ayudan a tomar consciencia para percibir y reconocer nuestro entorno, siendo el arte un medio para establecer nuevas relaciones con este mundo y poder representarlo no sólo intelectualmente y de forma superficial y exterior sino buscando su verdadero significado.
En este artículo veremos como la experiencia lúdica integra no solo las necesidades expresivas y emocionales del niño sino también las del artista adulto, ya que mediante la subjetividad que se genera con el juego y la risa nos abriríamos a posibilidades más grandes de conocimiento y realización, despertando la intuición y la imaginación que son las potencias reales y promotoras de la experimentación y la creación.
Impact of Occupational Therapy on Self-Care After Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy Among Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Forst Heather , Sylvanus Tonye 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Importance: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is an established treatment for spastic cerebral palsy (CP). The effects and predictors of occupational therapy’s benefit for self-care after SDR in children with CP have not been thoroughly investigated.
Objective: To identify changes in self-care after occupational therapy post-SDR and determine whether changes were affected by age, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and number of occupational therapy dressing sessions.
Design: In this retrospective cohort study, we collected outcomes pre-SDR, at discharge, and at 1-yr follow-up. Paired t tests and regression analysis were performed.
Setting: Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities–accredited pediatric inpatient rehabilitation facility.
Participants: Seventy-three children (GMFCS Levels I–III, ages 4–17 yr) diagnosed with spastic CP who underwent SDR from 2014 to 2018.
Intervention: After having SDR, each child received an average of twice daily occupational therapy for an average of 37.3 days.
Outcomes and Measures: The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI–CAT) and Functional Independence Measure for Children® (WeeFIM) were used to assess self-care performance.
Results: The mean WeeFIM dressing (upper and lower body) and mean PEDI–CAT daily activities scores from baseline to discharge and mean WeeFIM lower body dressing at 1-yr follow-up improved significantly. The improvement in lower body dressing correlated with GMFCS level and the number of occupational therapy dressing sessions.
Conclusions and Relevance: The improvement in upper and lower extremity dressing and PEDI–CAT daily activities scores suggests that inpatient occupational therapy post-SDR may provide benefits.
What This Article Adds: Children diagnosed with CP may undergo surgical interventions to improve their ability to walk. This article demonstrates the benefit of occupational therapy services after SDR to improve upper and lower body dressing skills.
Nivolumab (Opdivo)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: October 2022

CADTH recommends that Opdivo should be reimbursed by public drug plans as a monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment of adult patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) who are at high risk of recurrence after undergoing radical resection of UC.
Opdivo should only be covered in patients with UC that spreads into the muscle layer, was removed by surgery, and is at high risk of coming back. Patients should have either received cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy or not have received neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy and be ineligible or eligible for adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy but decline to take it.
Opdivo should only be reimbursed if prescribed by qualified practitioners with expertise in treating UC, systemic therapy delivery, and management of immunotherapy-related side effects, and if the cost of Opdivo is reduced. Patients should be in relatively good health (i.e., have a good performance status, as determined by a specialist).
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (Enhertu)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: October 2022

CADTH recommends that Enhertu be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer if certain conditions are met.
Enhertu should only be covered to treat adult patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that is unresectable or metastatic (i.e., has spread beyond the initial tumour site) who have previously received trastuzumab and taxane for locally advanced or metastatic disease, or have tumours that progressed within 6 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab and taxane. Patients must not have previously received an anti-HER2 antibody drug conjugate in the metastatic setting.
Enhertu should only be reimbursed if prescribed without any other anticancer drugs by a clinician with expertise in treating advanced breast cancer and the cost of Enhertu is reduced.