bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Material: Tectonic evolution of the Beishan orogen in central Asia: Subduction, accretion, and continent-continent collision during the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean
Authors: Li Jie , Wu Chen , al. et 
Published: May 2022

<p>Table S1: LA-ICP-MS results for zircon U-Pb ages of igneous samples from this study. Table S2: Major and trace elements for magmatic intrusion samples from this study. Table S3: Summary of geochronology results of intrusive rocks of the Beishan region. Table S4: Summary of geochemistry data of intrusive rocks of the Beishan region. Table S5: Summary of whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry data of intrusive rocks of the Beishan region. Table S6: Summary of zircon Hf isotopic data of intrusive rocks of the Beishan region. </p>
Patient and public involvement in paediatric medical education
Authors: Donnelly Sinead , Ferris Kathryn , Kennedy Neil , Bourke Thomas , O'Donoghue Dara 
Published: May 2022

The benefits of involving patients and the public in medical education are well documented, however there is a need to further explore how this can be translated to the setting of paediatric medical education. This article aims to identify how organisations can facilitate the involvement of paediatric patients and their parents/carers.While involving children in research can present challenges, we describe examples where organisations have successfully involved young people in clinical research and selection of research topics.Involving paediatric patients and their parents/carers in medical education helps develop a patient centred approach to practice for medical students. Participation of paediatric patients in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) examinations is employed by many medical schools, however allowing them the ability to provide a ‘global score’ may have the potential to assess skills such as communication and empathy in addition to medical knowledge.The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) have provided a framework on how to involve children in health services, addressing practical considerations such as funding and facilities. This framework could be applied by organisations seeking to actively involve children in paediatric medical education. Potential barriers and facilitators are explored in this article.During the COVID-19 pandemic, involving young people and their families in medical student teaching became challenging. We describe virtual bedside teaching sessions which actively involved paediatric patients and their families, which showed that many patients and parents prefer virtual consultations.Involving paediatric patients and their families in medical education is strongly advocated by the General Medical Council (GMC) and RCPCH. Organisations should actively seek out opportunities to become involved in the development of medical education resources as we describe in this paper.
Prevalence of and factors associated with childhood diarrhoeal disease and acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh: an analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kundu Satyajit , Kundu Subarna , Banna Md Hasan Al , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Okyere Joshua 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of childhood diarrhoeal diseases (CDDs) and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and also to determine the factors associated with these conditions at the population level in Bangladesh.SettingThe study entailed an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional secondary data from the most recent Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2017–2018.ParticipantsA total of 7222 children aged below 5 years for CDDs and 7215 children aged below 5 years for ARIs during the survey from mothers aged between 15 and 49 years were the participants of this study. In the bivariate and multivariable analyses, we used Pearson χ2test and binary logistic regression, respectively, for both outcomes.ResultsThe overall prevalence of CDD and ARI among children aged below 5 years was found to be 4.91% and 3.03%, respectively. Younger children were more likely to develop both CDDs and ARIs compared with their older counterparts. Children belonging to households classified as poorest and with unimproved floor materials had a higher prevalence of diarrhoea than those from households identified as richest and with improved floor material, respectively. Stunted children had 40.8% higher odds of diarrhoea than normal children. Being male and having mothers aged below 20 years were 48.9% and two times more likely to develop ARI than female counterparts and children of mothers aged 20–34 years, respectively. Children whose mothers had no formal education or had primary and secondary education had higher odds of ARI compared with children of mothers having higher education.ConclusionThis study found that children aged below 24 months were at higher risk of having CDDs and ARIs. Thus, programmes targeting these groups should be designed and emphasis should be given to those from poorest wealth quintile to reduce CDDs and ARIs.
Gender-based violence, psychological distress, sexual behaviours and binge drinking among female entertainment workers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Oy Sreymom , Chhoun Pheak , Tuot Sovannary , Brody Carinne , Gorbach Pamina M. , Yi Siyan 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between gender-based violence, HIV risks, psychological distress and binge drinking among female entertainment workers (FEWs) in Cambodia.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPhnom Penh and three other provinces in Cambodia.ParticipantsWe recruited 600 FEWs from entertainment venues using a stratified random sampling method. Participants were eligible if they were at least 18 years old, working in the selected entertainment venues and self-identified as a FEW.Primary outcome measureBinge drinking was defined as drinking more than five units of alcoholic drinks in 24 hours on at least one occasion in the past 3 months.ResultsThe prevalence of binge drinking was 76.7%. Adjusted odds of binge drinking were significantly higher among FEWs who earned >US$250 per month than those who earned ≤US$120 per month (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.96, 95% CI: 1.40 to 6.24), had been forced to drink more than once per month in the past 3 months than those who had never been forced to drink (AOR 5.66, 95% CI: 2.19 to 14.65), worked at karaoke bars than those working at a restaurants/café (AOR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.88) and experienced emotional abuse in the past 6 months than those who did not experience it (AOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.22 to 6.02). The odds of binge drinking were significantly higher among FEWs with lower psychological distress than those with higher psychological distress (AOR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.49).ConclusionsThis study highlights a high prevalence of binge drinking among FEWs and its associations with working environments, conditions and contexts. Our findings suggest that individual-based behavioural intervention may not effectively reduce binge drinking among FEWs. Structural and occupational health policy interventions may be needed to change the working environment.
Effect of intraoperative muscle relaxation reversal on the success rate of motor-evoked potential recording in patients undergoing spinal surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jian Minyu , Ma Bo , Liu Haiyang , Wang Chengwei , Liang Fa , Zhou Yang , Qiao Hui , Han Ruquan 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionTranscranial motor-evoked potentials (TceMEPs) is conventionally performed without neuromuscular blockade (NMB) because of its potential interference with neuromuscular junction and signal interpretation. Sugammadex is the first highly selective antagonist that binds to rocuronium and can rapidly and effectively reverse NMB. This study aims to evaluate the success rate of intraoperative muscle relax reversal by sugammadex on intraoperative TceMEP recording.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a single-centre randomised controlled study. In total, 162 patients undergoing thoracic or lumbar spinal surgery will be randomly divided into the sugammadex group or control group at a ratio of 1:1. Total intravenous anaesthesia by propofol and remifentanil will be performed in both groups. In the sugammadex group, patients will receive continuous infusion of rocuronium to produce a blockade maintained for at least two twitches in train-of-four, rocuronium infusion will be discontinued and 2 mg/kg sugammadex will be given while performing TceMEPs monitoring. In the control group, rocuronium infusion will be discontinued and the same volume of saline will be infused while performing TceMEPs monitoring. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the success rate of TceMEPs recording between two groups.Ethics and disseminationThe approval for the study was certificated by the Ethical Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University on, 16 July 2021 (KY2021-082-02). The study was registered on clincaltrials.gov on 25 October 2020. Our study might guide neuromuscular blockade plans in TceMEPs monitoring undergoing spinal surgery. The findings of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at national or international conference.Trial registration numberNCT04608682.
Efficacy and safety of whole-lung lavage for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Shixu , Cui Xiangning , Xia Kun , Duan Yuanyuan , Xiong Mengran , Li Guangxi 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an ultrarare disorder characterised by the accumulation of alveolar surfactant and the dysfunction of alveolar macrophages that results in hypoxemic respiratory failure. Whole-lung lavage (WLL) is currently the primary therapy for PAP. However, systematic evaluation of the clinical efficacy of WLL is lacking. We aim to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing evidence to support WLL for the clinical treatment of PAP.Methods and analysisWe will search the PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases from inception to December 2021 for observational studies using WLL for the treatment of PAP. Two authors will independently screen the eligible studies, assess the quality of the included papers and extract the required information. Review Manager V.5.4 will be used to perform the meta-analysis. We will evaluate the overall quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. All steps of this protocol will be performed using the Cochrane Handbook for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis will be based on published data. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. We will publish our results in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022306221 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022306221).
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of patient-reported and clinician-reported outcome measures of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a COSMIN systematic review protocol
Authors: Bérubé-Mercier Philippe , Tapp Diane , Cimon Marie-Ève , Li Tiffany , Park Susanna B , Bouhêlier Éve , McGarragle Kaitlin , Robichaud Lye-Ann , Gewandter Jennifer S , Bouchard Maxime , Gauthier Lynn R 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a poorly understood side effect of many antineoplastic agents. Patients may experience sensory, motor and autonomic symptoms, negatively impacting quality of life. A gold-standard assessment methodology has yet to be determined, limiting efforts to identify effective agents to prevent or treat CIPN.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol of a systematic review of psychometric analyses of CIPN Clinician Reported Outcome Measures (ClinROM) and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) among adults receiving, or who had previously received chemotherapy for cancer. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) quality ratings will be compared across studies and across ClinROMs and PROMs. Studies reporting psychometric proprieties of CIPN ClinROMs and/or PROMs among adults aged ≥18 years will be eligible for inclusion, with no restriction on language or year of publication. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and APA PsycINFO databases will be searched from inception to 31 December 2021. Study characteristics, measurement properties of the ClinROMs and/or PROMs and the CIPN definitions will be extracted. The Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guideline will be used to guide data synthesis. The COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist will be used by two independent raters to assess methodological quality. Subgroup analyses by age, chemotherapy type, and study timing in relation to the delivery of chemotherapy will be carried out where data are available. An adapted version of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology filter 2.1 will be used to provide a best-evidence synthesis of CIPN ClinROMs and PROMs and to recommend a CIPN assessment tool for clinical and research settings.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not necessary to be obtained for this systematic review protocol. Results will be disseminated to clinicians and policy-makers by publication in a peer-reviewed journal and by presenting at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021278168.
Bladder cancer in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in Australia: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Pattenden Trent , Samaranayake Dhanika , Morton Andrew , Thangasamy Isaac 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionBladder cancer is the third most common urological malignancy affecting Australians, with key modifiable risk factors. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people suffer from a higher prevalence of cancer-modifiable risk factors, are diagnosed with bladder cancer at a younger age, and have poorer survival rates compared with the general population. A comprehensive overview of the state of current knowledge on bladder cancer in this population is required.Methods and analysisA search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science databases, along with appropriate grey literature sources will be conducted between the 1 April 2022 and 30 April 2022. The reference lists of all included studies will be reviewed for additional appropriate sources. The national bladder cancer dataset compiled by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare will also be included as a source. All relevant sources meeting inclusion criteria, published in English, from inception onwards will be included. Dual independent screening of titles and abstracts prior to full-text review will be undertaken for all identified results during the initial searches. Preliminary findings will be reviewed with stakeholders, to seek culturally appropriate feedback on the implications of the results. Results will be reported in tabular form, accompanied by a narrative synthesis with comparisons to the wider bladder cancer population.Ethics and disseminationEthics review will not be required, as only publicly available data will be analysed. Findings from the scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings to stakeholders.
Sustainability of locally driven centres for those affected by dementia: a protocol for the get real with meeting centres realist evaluation
Authors: Morton Thomas , Evans Shirley B , Brooker Dawn , Williamson Tracey , Wong Geoff , Tinelli Michela , Frost Faith , Bray Jennifer , Hullah Nigel 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionImproving support for people with early to moderate dementia to live at home in their communities is a global public health goal. Community adult social care is not robust in many parts of the UK, however, with the pandemic increasing pressure on services for this population. Community-led interventions can play a key role in supporting people postdiagnosis, helping delay decline, but many interventions struggle to sustain beyond 1–2 years. Meeting Centres (MCs) are one such intervention, which many UK community groups find attractive and achievable. However, it is not understood how these communities can ensure they are putting in place strategies that will help them sustain in the longer term, beyond start-up phase.Methods and analysisThis realist evaluation aims to understand the factors affecting sustainability of MCs in rural areas and learn lessons from MCs that have sustained beyond 3 years. Data will be collected using mixed methods: interviews and group discussions with stakeholders involved at every level in three case study locations in England and Wales, analysed with Soft Systems modelling; a Discrete Choice Experiment exploring what people across the UK value and are willing to pay for MCs, analysed with regression modelling. All data will be synthesised using a Realist logic of analysis to build a theoretical model of how, why, for whom, in what contexts and to what extent MCs can be successfully implemented for the long term.Ethics and disseminationAs participants may lack capacity for informed consent, favourable ethical opinion was received from a Health Research Authority research ethics committee. Resulting recommendations will be of interest to stakeholders including those commissioning, planning, running, supporting or attending MCs, as well as policy-makers and healthcare professionals. Knowledge will be shared with emerging MCs to help accelerate scale up of this intervention.
Implementation of a temperature bundle improves admission hypothermia in very-low-birth-weight infants in China: a multicentre study
Authors: Wang Li , Liu Zhi-jie , Liu Feng-min , Yu Yong-hui , Bi Shu-yu , Li Bin , Xu Hai-yan , Yang Chun-yan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHypothermia is a common problem that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity among preterm infants, especially in China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a targeted quality improvement (QI) project that applied hypothermia prevention measures for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants in three tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China.ProblemBetween January 2018 and December 2018, we conducted a prospective analysis and found that the incidence of AH was 88.2% among VLBW infants.MethodsThe study enrolled preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks’ gestation with a VLBW of less than 1500 g who were delivered at three academic tertiary-care hospitals between January 2018 and December 2019. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of hypothermia. The outcomes of the pre-QI group (1 January–31 December 2018) were compared with those of the post-QI group (1 January–31 December 2019).InterventionsBased on the literature, our preliminary findings and the needs of each unit, a temperature bundle that included a transport incubator, prewarmed hats, polyethylene wrap, team training and education, and temperature documentation and workflows were implemented in consecutive plan–do–study–act cycles.ResultsOf the 530 VLBW infants, 235 infants (36.9%) belonged to the pre-QI group, and 295 infants (46.4%) belonged to the post-QI group. The incidence of hypothermia decreased significantly, from 92.3% to 62% (p<0.001), and the mean body temperature on admission to the NICU increased significantly, from 35.5°C to 36°C±0.7°C (p<0.001). There was one case of hyperthermia during the study period. Infants in the post-QI group had a lower mortality rate (16.1% vs 8.8%, p=0.01).ConclusionsTargeted interventions can dramatically reduce admission hypothermia and improve the outcome of VLBW infants in China.Trial registration numberChi CTR 1900020861.
Investigating the relationship between melatonin patterns and methylation in circadian genes among day shift and night shift workers
Authors: Ritonja Jennifer A , Aronson Kristan J , Leung Michael , Flaten Lisa , Topouza Danai G , Duan Qing Ling , Durocher Francine , Tranmer Joan E , Bhatti Parveen 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesMechanisms underlying the carcinogenicity of night shift work remain uncertain. One compelling yet understudied cancer mechanism may involve altered DNA methylation in circadian genes due to melatonin secretion patterns. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between melatonin secretion patterns and circadian gene methylation among day and night shift workers.MethodsFemale healthcare employees (n=38 day workers, n=36 night shift workers) for whom we had urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin secretion data from a previous study were recontacted. New blood samples were collected and used to measure methylation levels at 1150 CpG loci across 22 circadian genes using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC beadchip. Linear regression was used to examine the association between melatonin (acrophase and mesor) and M values for each CpG site (false discovery rate, q=0.2), while testing for effect modification by shift work status.ResultsAmong night shift workers, a higher mesor (24 hours of mean production of melatonin) was associated with increased methylation in the body ofRORA(q=0.02) and decreased methylation in the putative promoter region ofMTNR1A(q=0.03). Later acrophase (ie, time of peak concentration) was associated with increased methylation in the putative promoter region ofMTNR1A(q=0.20) and decreased methylation in the body ofPER3(q=0.20). No associations were identified among day workers.ConclusionsIn conclusion, patterns in melatonin secretion were associated with differential circadian gene methylation among night shift workers. Melatonin and alteration of DNA methylation in circadian genes may be one pathway towards increased cancer risk, although larger-scale studies examining multiple time points are needed.
Observational constraints of the modified cosmology through Barrow entropy
Authors: Asghari Mahnaz , Sheykhi Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTaking into account a fractal structure for the black hole horizon, Barrow argued that the area law of entropy is modified due to quantum-gravitational effects (Barrow in Phys Lett B 808:135643, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135643, 2020). Accordingly, the corrected entropy takes the form $$S \sim A^{1+{\Delta }/2}$$

S
∼

A

1
+
Δ
/
2

, where $$0\le {\Delta }\le 1$$

0
≤
Δ
≤
1

indicates the amount of the quantum-gravitational deformation effects. In this paper, based on Barrow entropy, we first derive the modified gravitational field equations through the Clausius relation. We then consider the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric as the background metric and derive the modified Friedmann equations inspired by Barrow entropy. In order to explore observational constraints on the modified Barrow cosmology, we employ two different combinations of available datasets, mainly “Planck + Pantheon + BAO” and “Planck + Planck-SZ + CFHTLenS + Pantheon + BAO + BAORSD” datasets. According to numerical results, we observe that the “Planck + Pantheon + BAO” dataset predicts higher values of $$H_0$$

H
0

in Barrow cosmology with a phantom dark energy compared to $$\mathrm {\Lambda }$$
Λ
CDM, so tensions between low redshift determinations of the Hubble constant and cosmic microwave background (CMB) results are slightly reduced. On the other hand, in the case of dataset “Planck + Planck-SZ + CFHTLenS + Pantheon + BAO + BAORSD” there is a slight amelioration in $$\sigma _8$$

σ
8

tension in Barrow cosmology with a quintessential dark energy compared to the standard model of cosmology. Additionally, for a more reliable comparison, we also constrain the wCDM model with the same datasets, where our results exhibit a satisfying compatibility between Barrow cosmology and wCDM.