bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How has endourological experience in childhood kidney stones changed the indications for open surgery?
Authors: Tiryaki H Tuğrul , Demirtaş Gökhan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the developments in endourology in the last 30 years, the indication for open stone surgery in the urinary system has gradually decreased. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the cases and the indications who underwent open stone surgery by examining the cases that were operated for urinary system stones in the first four-year learning period (2009-2012) and the following five-year period (2013-2018). Open surgery was required in 25 cases due to renal stones (17.24%) at learning period. In the second period 217 cases were operated due to renal stones, while 4 cases (1.84%). Also open surgery was performed in a total of six cases due to stone-related complications or complications related to endoscopic procedures. In almost all of our patients who underwent endoscopic stone treatment, stone-free was achieved with repeated procedures. More than one anesthesia was required in all patients In the second period of endourological experience, open surgical procedures were performed only because of the complications of endourological procedures. Stone-free status can be achieved even in infants by applying more than one session of endourological interventions. If necessary, staged interventions can be planned and urinary system stone treatment can be provided in children without open surgery.
Transmission of Light through K-feldspar
Authors: Uzorka Afam 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the experimental details and results are presented concerning the light transmission through K3 samples and its dependence on the polarization of the light. Very little absorption was found with wavelengths of light between 500 and 820 nm, but below 500 nm the absorption increased significantly. There was a polarization dependence for this absorption, the difference between the maximum and the minimum transmission is about 18% for 1.5 mm thick samples at 400 nm. It was also found that the maximum and minimum in the transmission occurred when the external polarizer transmission axis was aligned with one of the refractive index ellipsoid axes of the sample.
Evaluation of Aflatoxin Content in Cheka (Traditional Beverage in South-Western Ethiopia) and Its Major Ingredient (Maize)
Authors: Kayola Kefita Kashala , Gebre Solomon Genet , Addisu Sisay , Kussia Amanuel Dubale 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Aflatoxin is a toxic cancerous fungal secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus species. Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated cereals and their products can cause several health-related effects including acute and chronic aflatoxicosis. This study is aimed to evaluate the total aflatoxin content in Cheka and its major ingredients using the Immuno-Affinity Column Clean-up technique by sensitive HPLC with fluorescence detection.
Methods:This study followed a completely randomized experimental design to evaluate the level of aflatoxin in traditionally brewed Cheka and its major ingredients (maize) by HPLC from November 2019 to June 2020. Traditionally brewed 6 Cheka beverage and 6 maize seed samples were collected randomly from Konso and transported to Bless Agri Food Laboratory in Addis Ababa for laboratory evaluation of aflatoxin in samples. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 25.
Results: In the present study aflatoxin contamination was detected in all maize and Cheka samples. A mean total aflatoxin level of 6.78 ± 8.28 μg/kg and 10.76 ± 4.50 μg/kg were observed in maize and Cheka samples respectively. AFB1 predominantly contributed to the contamination of all samples. Although there was no significant difference while comparing between mean total aflatoxin of any other sample types, a significant difference was observed for the AFB1 mean of pitfall maize and their respective Cheka samples (P= 0.033).
Conclusion: The mean level of AFB1 in pitfall maize differs from a respective Cheka sample. As most of the samples evaluated for aflatoxin contamination showed levels above healthy cut-off points of aflatoxin set by different authorities like the European Union, CODEX, and Ethiopian standards agency, there must be a protracted interventional approach to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize and its products in the region.
Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on newborn neurodevelopment: a pilot study
Authors: Ayesa-Arriola Rosa , Quintas Águeda Castro , Foz Víctor Ortiz-García de la , Corredera Margarita Miguel , González Nerea San Martín , Murillo-García Nancy , Neergaard Karl , Saura Lourdes Fañanás , Terán Isabel de las Cuevas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic can seize the opportunity to explore the hypothesis of prenatal exposure to viral infections increases the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Advancing our knowledge in this regard would improve primary prevention of mental disorders in children. For this pilot study, six-week-old infants born to mothers exposed (n = 21) or unexposed (n = 21) to syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were assessed using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS). Groups comparisons were performed to explore the effects that infection and timing of exposure (in terms of the three trimesters of pregnancy). The infants’ competencies and performances on the NBAS were generally similar in the exposed and non-exposed to SARS-CoV-2 groups. The most significant difference found was a less optimally response to cuddliness (item on the state regulation domain) particularly in infants born to mothers exposed in the third trimester of pregnancy, and in pull-to-sit (item on the motor system domain). Although our interpretations must be careful, these preliminary results highlight the possible association between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 exposure and poorer development in motor skills and infant interactive behavior. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore these relationships and disentangle the biological mechanisms implicated.
A probabilistic approach to calculate R0 in complex epidemic models
Authors: Hernandez Carlos , Montesinos-López Osval 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Epidemic models are a valuable tool in the decision-making process. Once a mathematical model for an epidemic has been established, the very next step is calculating a mathematical expression for the basic reproductive number, R0, which is the average number of infections caused by an individual that is introduced in a population of susceptible. Finding a mathematical expression for R0 is important because it allows to analyze the effect of the different parameters in the model on R0, so that we can act on some of them, in an attempt to keep R0 < 1 to avoid a large epidemic. In this work we show how to calculate R0 in complex epidemic models by using only basic concepts of Markov chains. We compare our approach with the traditional methods used in epidemiology and demography.
Regorafenib is suitable for advanced colorectal cancer patients who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Ikoma Tatsuki , Yamamura Shogo , Miura Kou , Tsuduki Takao , Watanabe Takanori , Nagai Hiroki , Takatani Masahiro , Yasui Hisateru 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
Regorafenib is a standard salvage line therapy used for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, FTD/TPI plus bevacizumab also showed promising efficacy as a salvage line therapy for advanced CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced CRC who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) plus bevacizumab is unclear.
Results:
We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data from patients with advanced CRC who received regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab in multiple institutions between April 2017 and June 2020.Thirty-four advanced CRC patients who received regorafenib were analyzed. The median age was 66.5 (range 43 − 81 years), 11 patients were male, and all had an ECOG performance status(PS) of 0 or 1. Twenty-two patients had left-sided tumors, 18 patients had RAS mutants, and 1 patient had a BRAF V600E mutation. The response rate was 0%, and the disease control rate was 31%. The median progression-free survival was 70 days (95% CI: 56 − 91), and the overall survival was 233 days (95% CI: 188 − 324). Treatment was discontinued in 32 patients, and 28 (82%) discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. The major grade 3 and4 toxicities were proteinurea (29%), hypertension (26%), hand-foot syndrome(15%), and platelet decrease (6%).
Conclusion:
Regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab showed efficacy similar to that of the previous study, and no new adverse events were observed.
Bovine cerebral theileriosis: first molecular confirmed report in cross bred cattle calf in India
Authors: Agrawal Vivek , Das G. , Singla L. D. , Shukla S. , Maharana B. R. , Jayraw A. K. , Shakya M. , Jatav G. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bovine tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata, is a serious constraint to Indian dairy industry with more fatal infections in exotic cattle and substantial losses to cross-bred and indigenous zebu cattle. The present communication is to place on record the first report of molecular based confirmed case of cerebral theileriosis caused by T. annulata coupled with its morphological detection, clinical manifestations, haematological alterations and therapeutic management in a cross bred cattle calf from India. After preparation of peripheral thin blood smear from cross bred cattle calf at the site of collection and fixation with methanol, blood sample brought to Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H, Jabalpur and stained by standard protocol for Giemsa staining. Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood sample using QIAamp® DNA blood mini kit following the manufacturer’s recommendations and PCR was performed. The cross bred cow calf revealed high rise in temperature (105.5°F), increased heart rate, labored breathing with seromucous nasal discharge, enlargement of prescapular lymph node and animal exhibited tonic clonic convulsions in response to any sudden noise. Giemsa stained thin blood smear revealed intraerythrocytic piroplasm and Koch blue bodies of T. annulata within the cytoplasm of lymphocytes. The species of Theileria was confirmed by molecular amplification of genomic DNA as T. annulata.
The effect of elemental diffusion on the application of olivine-composition-based magmatic thermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry: A case study of olivine phenocrysts from the Jiagedaqi basalts, northeast China
Authors: Zhang Le , Hong Lu-Bing , Qian Sheng-Ping , He Peng-Li , He Miao-Hong , Yang Ya-Nan , Wang Jin-Tuan , Zhang Yan-Qiang , Ren Zhong-Yuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Olivine compositions are widely used to constrain magmatic thermodynamic conditions such as magmatic temperature, oxygen fugacity, and H2O content. However, elemental diffusion may change the initial compositions and lead to large uncertainty on the estimation of these thermodynamic conditions. In this study, we conducted LA-ICP-MS elemental mapping and EPMA analysis of olivine phenocrysts and olivine-hosted spinel from the Jiagedaqi (JGD) alkaline basalts in northeast China to evaluate the influence of elemental diffusion on olivine-composition-based geothermometry, oxybarometry, and hygrometry. The JGD olivines show normal Fo [Mg/(Mg + Fe) × 100 in moles] zoning, with cores having Fo of 77–87 and rims having Fo of 67–73. The constant P contents from core to rim indicate that these compositional zonings were caused mainly by diffusion. Because Al is a slow-diffusing element and its content is relatively constant from core to rim, the temperature calculated by the Al-in-olivine thermometer is not influenced by elemental diffusion and preserves the JGD olivine crystallization temperature up to 1150 °C. The temperatures calculated using the Sc/Y-in-olivine thermometer, the oxygen fugacity calculated using the olivine–spinel oxybarometer, and the H2O content calculated on the basis of Ca partitioning between olivine and melt are strongly influenced by the diffusion of Fo, Sc/Y, and Ca. However, the compositional plateaus in olivine cores, which were not influenced by elemental diffusion, preserve the magmatic temperature (1150 °C), oxygen fugacity (QFM+1.4), and H2O content (4 wt%) that applied during the formation of the JGD olivines. Together, these findings suggest that the mantle source of the JGD basalts was metasomatized by fluids released from the subducted slab. This study highlights that elemental diffusion in olivine phenocrysts can strongly affect the application of olivine-composition-based geothermometers, oxybarometers, and hygrometers. However, primitive olivine cores that have not been influenced by diffusion preserve the initial magmatic thermodynamic conditions.
Gestión de la calidad de la educación en una institución técnica y tecnológica universitaria pública de Colombia
Authors: Arias-Aragonés Francisco José , Batista-Castillo Armando , Cardona-Arbeláez Diego Alonso 
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo diagnostica la calidad de la educación de una institución técnica y tecnológica universitaria (ITTU) pública de Colombia. Su metodología es documental, analítica y correlacional. Se aplica el diagnóstico organizacional para encontrar las causas de los problemas y ofrecer soluciones acorde a estos, basados en las debilidades, oportunidades, fortalezas y amenazas. El enfoque de teoría fundamentada, permitió identificar en la literatura acerca del tema, las variables relevantes que explican la problemática objeto de estudio, estableciéndose las relaciones de causa-efecto entre dichas variables. Las variables tenidas en cuenta para estudiar la calidad son: contexto y financiación; tecno-educación en la nueva economía; sociedad del conocimiento y cuarta revolución industrial; investigación; resultados de las pruebas Saber Pro y empleabilidad de los egresados. Los resultados del trabajo permiten concluir que la frágil situación financiera ha conducido a niveles sub-óptimos de inversión de las ITTU, los cuales socavan la calidad y la formación en competencias digitales. Los desempeños en investigación y empleabilidad han sido buenos; sin embargo, persiste el reto de mejorar la calidad con resultados de alto impacto y fortalecer las competencias de los egresados, lo cual se evidencia en los resultados de las pruebas Saber Pro.
Unsupervised Deep learning-based Feature Fusion Approach for Detection and Analysis of COVID-19 using X-ray and CT Images
Authors: Ravi Vinayakumar , Pham Tuan D. 
Published: September 2022

Aims:
This study investigates an unsupervised deep learning-based feature fusion approach for the detection and analysis of COVID-19 using chest X-ray (CXR) and Computed tomography (CT) images.

Background:
The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected millions of people all around the world and the disease is diagnosed by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test which suffers from a lower viral load, and sampling error, etc. Computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) scans can be examined as most infected people suffer from lungs infection. Both CT and CXR imaging techniques are useful for the COVID-19 diagnosis at an early stage and it is an alternative to the RT-PCR test.

Objective:
The manual diagnosis of CT scans and CXR images are labour-intensive and consumes a lot of time. To handle this situation, many AI-based solutions are researched including deep learning-based detection models, which can be used to help the radiologist to make a better diagnosis. However, the availability of annotated data for COVID-19 detection is limited due to the need for domain expertise and expensive annotation cost. Also, most existing state-of-the-art deep learning-based detection models follow a supervised learning approach. Therefore, in this work, we have explored various unsupervised learning models for COVID-19 detection which does not need a labelled dataset.

Methods:
In this work, we propose an unsupervised deep learning-based COVID-19 detection approach that incorporates the feature fusion method for performance enhancement. Four different sets of experiments are run on both CT and CXR scan datasets where convolutional autoencoders, pre-trained CNNs, hybrid, and PCA-based models are used for feature extraction and K-means and GMM techniques are used for clustering.

Results:
The maximum accuracy of 84% is achieved by the model Autoencoder3-ResNet50 (GMM) on the CT dataset and for the CXR dataset, both Autoencoder1-VGG16 (KMeans and GMM) models achieved 70% accuracy.

Conclusion:
Our proposed deep unsupervised learning, feature fusion-based COVID-19 detection approach achieved promising results on both datasets. It also outperforms four well-known existing unsupervised approaches.
Uji Tingkat Penerimaan Masyarakat terhadap Teknologi GAMA Rain Filter dengan Metode “UTAUT” dan Perbandingan Kualitas Air Hujan dengan Air Sumur Penduduk
Authors: Maryono Agus , Nugroho Andri Prasetyo , Prasetyo Agus , Sembada Pratama Tirza Surya 
Published: September 2022

Latar Belakang: Kebutuhan air bersih di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) meningkat disebabkan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Pemerintah DIY membantu penduduk sebanyak 59 instalasi pemanen air hujan GAMA RainfilterTujuan: Mengetahui faktor dominan pada penerimaan masyarakat (Behavioral Intention) terhadap bantuan alat GAMA Rainfilter dan menganalisis kualitas air hujan pada GAMA Rainfilter dibanding dengan air sumur penduduk.Metode: Penelitian crossectional dilakukan pada 59 intalasi GAMA Rainfilter dan masyarakat pengguna. Evaluasi tingkat penerimaan masyarakat terhadap GAMA Rainfilter menggunakan Model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) yang terdiri dari (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, dan atau Facilitating Condition). Kualitas air hujan yang diuji di Laboratorium BTKLPP, Yogyakarta, dibandingkan dengan kualitas air sumur dari data DLHK Yogyakarta.Hasil: Effort Expectancy (kemudahan membuat, memasang, mengoperasikan, dan memelihara) berpengaruh mederat-dominan terhadap Behavior Intension (p = 0,005), sedangkan Performance Expectancy, Social Influence, and Facilitating Conditions tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Kualitas fisik, kimia, dan biologi air hujan secara umum pada 5 kabupaten di Provinsi DIY lebih baik dibanding air sumur.Kesimpulan: Instalasi GAMA Rainfilter dapat diterima masyarakat karena faktor Effort Expectancy dan air hujan mempunyai kualitas fisika, kimia dan biologi lebih baik dari air sumur. Air hujan dapat dipakai sebagai alternatif air bersih dan air minum yang secara berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF ABACAVIR IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: TOKEY AKHILESH S. , SURYAWANSHI MUGDHA R. , TAMBE PRANAV P. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To develop and validate simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form.
Methods: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade methanol. The drug was identified in terms of solubility studies and on the basis of melting point done on the melting point apparatus of Equiptronics. It showed absorption maxima were determined in analytical grade methanol. The drug obeyed the Beer’s law and showed good correlation of concentration with absorption, which reflect in linearity. The UV spectroscopic method was developed for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form and also validated as per ICH guidelines.
Results: The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade methanol, slightly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. So, the analytical grade methanol is used as a diluent in method. The melting point of Abacavir was found to be 164-165 ˚C (uncorrected). It showed absorption maxima 256 nm in analytical grade methanol. On the basis of absorption spectrum the working concentration was set on 15µg/ml (PPM). The linearity was observed between 5-25 μg/ml (PPM). The results of analysis were validated by recovery studies. The recovery was found to be 98.75, 101 and 99.17% for three levels respectively. The % RSD for precision was found to be 0.32% and for Ruggedness is 0.46%
Conclusion: A simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method has been developed for estimation of Abacavir in tablet dosage form. The method could be considered for the determination of Abacavir in quality control laboratories.
Biomassa dan Serapan Karbon Hutan Mangrove Tanjung Batu, Desa Sekotong Tengah, Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Permata Sari Diah , Syaputra Maiser , Webliana B Kornelia 
Published: September 2022

Pemanasan global menjadi faktor penyebab perubahan iklim dunia. Dampak pemanasan global salah satunya adalah mencairnya es di kutub yang menyebabkan naiknya permukaan air laut yang menjadi ancaman bagi ekosistem pesisir yang salah satunya adalah ekosistem hutan mangrove. Peran ekosistem mangrove dalam mitigasi pemanasan global adalah dengan mengurangi konsentrasi CO2 yang disimpan dalam bentuk cadangan karbon. Kawasan mangrove Tanjung Batu merupakan bagian dari Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial (KEE) Koridor Mangrove Teluk Lembar yang memiliki peran penting dalam upaya konservasi mangrove khususnya di Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis biomassa dan serapan karbon hutan mangrove Tanjung Batu. Pengambilan data biomassa dilakukan dengan petak ukur ganda dengan metode jalur berpetak. Data vegetasi mangrove dianalisis menggunakan persamaan allometrik untuk analisis biomassa, cadangan karbon dan serapan karbon. Berdasarkah hasil penelitian, total estimasi nilai biomassa yang dihasilkan oleh hutan mangrove Tanjung Batu yaitu 1621,74 ton dan jenis Rhizophora stylosa menjadi penyumbang terbesarnya. Total estimasi cadangan karbon di hutan mangrove Tanjung Batu yaitu 810,87 ton dan serapan karbonnya 3048,87 ton CO2 dan jenis Rhizophora stylosa menjadi penyumbang terbesarnya.