bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TOI-1696 and TOI-2136: Constraining the Masses of Two Mini-Neptunes with the Habitable-Zone Planet Finder
Authors: Beard Corey , Robertson Paul , Kanodia Shubham , Libby-Roberts Jessica , Cañas Caleb I. , Gupta Arvind F. , Holcomb Rae , Jones Sinclaire , Kobulnicky Henry A. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Lubin Jack , Maney Marissa , Parker Brock A. , Stefánsson Guðmundur , Cochran William D. , Endl Michael , Hebb Leslie , Mahadevan Suvrath , Wisniewski John , Bender Chad F. , Diddams Scott A. , Everett Mark , Fredrick Connor , Halverson Samuel , Hearty Fred , Metcalf Andrew J. , Monson Andrew , Ninan Joe P. , Roy Arpita , Schutte Maria , Schwab Christian , Terrien Ryan C 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the validation of two planets orbiting M dwarfs, TOI-1696b and TOI-2136b. Both planets are mini-Neptunes orbiting nearby stars, making them promising prospects for atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We validated the planetary nature of both candidates using high-contrast imaging, ground-based photometry, and near-infrared radial velocities. Adaptive optics images were taken using the ShARCS camera on the 3 m Shane Telescope. Speckle images were taken using the NN-Explore Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager on the WIYN 3.5 m telescope. Radii and orbital ephemerides were refined using a combination of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, the diffuser-assisted Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC) Telescope Imaging Camera (ARCTIC) imager on the 3.5 m ARC telescope at Apache Point Observatory, and the 0.6 m telescope at Red Buttes Observatory. We obtained radial velocities using the Habitable-Zone Planet Finder on the 10 m Hobby–Eberly Telescope, which enabled us to place upper limits on the masses of both transiting planets. TOI-1696b (P = 2.5 days; R

p
= 3.24 R
⊕; M

p
< 56.6 M
⊕) falls into a sparsely populated region of parameter space considering its host star’s temperature (T
eff = 3168 K, M4.5), as planets of its size are quite rare around mid- to late-M dwarfs. On the other hand, TOI-2136b (P = 7.85 days; R

p
= 2.09 R
⊕; M

p
< 15.0 M
⊕) is an excellent candidate for atmospheric follow-up with the JWST.
Can X-Ray Observations Improve Optical-UV-based Accretion-rate Estimates for Quasars?
Authors: Marlar Andrea , Shemmer Ohad , Brotherton Michael S. , Richards Gordon T. , Dix Cooper 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current estimates of the normalized accretion rates of quasars (L/L
Edd) rely on measuring the velocity widths of broad optical-UV emission lines (e.g., Hβ and Mg ii
λ2800). However, such lines tend to be weak or inaccessible in the most distant quasars, leading to increasing uncertainty in L/L
Edd estimates at z > 6. Utilizing a carefully selected sample of 53 radio-quiet quasars that have Hβ and C iv
λ1549 spectroscopy as well as Chandra coverage, we searched for a robust accretion-rate indicator for quasars, particularly at the highest-accessible redshifts (z ∼ 6–7). Our analysis explored relationships between the Hβ-based L/L
Edd, the equivalent width (EW) of C iv, and the optical-to-X-ray spectral slope (α
ox). Our results show that EW(C iv) is the strongest indicator of the Hβ-based L/L
Edd parameter, consistent with previous studies, although significant scatter persists particularly for sources with weak C iv lines. We do not find evidence for the α
ox parameter improving this relation, and we do not find a significant correlation between α
ox and Hβ-based L/L
Edd. This absence of an improved relationship may reveal a limitation of our sample. X-ray observations of additional luminous sources, found at z ≳ 1, may allow us to mitigate the biases inherent in our archival sample and test whether X-ray data could improve L/L
Edd estimates. Furthermore, deeper X-ray observations of our sources may provide accurate measurements of the hard-X-ray power-law photon index (Γ), which is considered an unbiased L/L
Edd indicator. Correlations between EW(C iv) and α
ox with a Γ-based L/L
Edd may yield a more robust prediction of a quasar normalized accretion rate.
Early-stage Coronal Hard X-Ray Source in Solar Flares in the Collapsing Trap Model
Authors: Shabalin Alexander N. , Charikov Yuri E. , Sharykin Ivan N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A bright hard X-ray coronal source observed at the early stage of solar flares is considered. The plasma density in a quiet corona is not enough to explain the hard X-ray bremsstrahlung radiation. The generally accepted concept of increasing plasma density in the looptop is associated with the effect of evaporation of hot chromosphere plasma. We discuss the increase in plasma density at the looptop at the early stage of a flare, due to magnetic loop contraction during the relaxation of the magnetic field (the so-called collapsing trap model). In this case, the increase in the plasma density at the looptop occurs on a timescale of seconds–tens of seconds, while the process of plasma evaporation increases the plasma density for much longer. The Fokker–Planck kinetic equation for accelerated electrons with a betatron and Fermi terms is solved numerically. We calculate increases in the energy of the accelerated electrons, the energy spectrum, and the pitch-angle anisotropy due to betatron and Fermi first-order acceleration. For a collapse time of 8 s, the total energy of the accelerated electrons increases by ∼20%–200%, depending on the model parameters. The ratio of the looptop/total hard X-ray flux at 29–58 keV increases by 15%–30% in the collapsing trap model. It is shown that this model can explain the appearance of bright coronal hard X-ray sources in the first seconds–tens of seconds after the hard X-ray flux starts growing.
Nonthermal Emission from Fall-back Clouds in the Broad-line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Müller Ana Laura , Naddaf Mohammad-Hassan , Zajaček Michal , Czerny Bożena , Araudo Anabella , Karas Vladimír 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The spectra of active galactic nuclei exhibit broad-emission lines that presumably originate in the broad-line region (BLR) with gaseous-dusty clouds in a predominantly Keplerian motion around the central black hole. Signatures of both inflow and outflow motion are frequently seen. The dynamical character of BLR is consistent with the scenario that has been branded as the failed radiatively accelerated dusty outflow. In this scheme, frequent high-velocity impacts of BLR clouds falling back onto the underlying accretion disk are predicted. The impact velocities depend mainly on the black hole mass, accretion rate, and metallicity, and they range from a few km s−1 up to thousands of km s−1. Formation of strong shocks due to the collisions can give rise to the production of relativistic particles and associated radiation signatures. In this work, the nonthermal radiation generated in this process is investigated, and the spectral energy distributions for different parameter sets are presented. We find that the nonthermal processes caused by the impacts of clouds can lead to emission in the X-ray and the gamma-ray bands, playing the cloud density and metallicity key roles.
Linking Characteristics of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Population with Galaxy Properties: A Quantitative Approach Using the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database
Authors: Maragkoudakis A. , Boersma C. , Temi P. , Bregman J. D. , Allamandola L. J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Utilizing the data and tools provided through the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database (PAHdb), we study the PAH component of over 900 Spitzer-IRS galaxy spectra. Employing a database-fitting approach, the average PAH size, the PAH size distribution, and PAH ionization fraction are deduced. In turn, we examine their connection with the properties of the host galaxy. We found that PAH population within galaxies consists of middle-sized PAHs with an average number of carbon atoms of

N

C

¯

= 55, and a charge state distribution of ∼40% ionized—60% neutral. We describe a correlation between the 6.2/11.2 μm PAH ratio with the ionization parameter (

γ
≡

(

G

0

/

n

e

)
(

T

gas

/

1

K
)

0.5

), a moderate correlation between the 8.6/11.2 μm PAH ratio and specific star formation rate, and a weak anticorrelation between γ and M
*. From the PAHdb decomposition, we provide estimates for the 3.3 μm PAH band, not covered by Spitzer observations, and establish a correlation between the 3.3/11.2 μm PAH ratio with N
C. We further deliver a library of mid-IR PAH template spectra parameterized on PAH size and ionization fraction, which can be used in galaxy spectral energy distribution fitting codes for the modeling of the mid-IR PAH emission component in galaxies.
Ion Acoustic Shock Wave Formation and Ion Acceleration in the Interactions of Pair Jets with Electron–ion Plasmas
Authors: Huang Jian , Weng Su-Ming , Wang Xin , Zhong Jia-Yong , Zhu Xing-Long , Li Xiao-Feng , Chen Min , Murakami Masakatsu , Sheng Zheng-Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Astrophysical jets are ubiquitous in the universe and often associated with compact objects, and their interactions with the ambient medium not only dissipate their own energy but also provide ideal circumstances for particle acceleration. By means of theoretical analysis and particle-in-cell simulations, here we study the ion acoustic shock wave (IASW) formation and consequent ion acceleration when electron–positron (e
−
e
+) jets are injected into ambient electron–ion plasmas. It is found that the Buneman instability can be excited first, which induces the formation of an ion acoustic wave (IAW). As the amplitude of the IAW increases, its waveform is steepened and subsequently an IASW is formed. Some ions in the ambient plasmas will be reflected when they encounter the IASW, and thus can be accelerated to form an energetic ion beam. For an initial e
−
e
+ jet with the Lorentz factor γ
0 = 100 and the ion–electron mass ratio m

i
/m

e
= 1836, the ions can be accelerated up to 580 MeV. This study deepens our understanding of the fireball model of gamma-ray bursts, the shock model of pulsar wind nebulae, the origin of cosmic rays, and other related astrophysical processes.
Patrice Nganang, « homme-numérique » à la croisée du littéraire et du politique
Authors: Ducournau Claire 
Published: May 2022

Cet article analyse l’environnement numérique qui a accompagné l’élaboration et la parution en 2018 chez Lattès du roman Empreintes de crabe de Patrice Nganang. L’écrivain a présenté son recours croissant à l’internet, faisant de lui un « homme-numérique », comme le fruit d’un tournant crucial pris en 2011. Évoquant les étapes de cette trajectoire et ses enjeux tant politiques que poétiques dans une première partie, l’étude propose dans une deuxième partie de mettre en rapport, à partir du roman Empreintes de crabe, les textes nativement numériques produits par l’auteur avec ses textes non nativement numériques, y compris un manuscrit d’étape finalisé en 2013, avant d’être retravaillé en mobilisant davantage les réseaux sociaux, en particulier Facebook et Twitter. En s’appuyant sur une production discursive multiforme, y compris des interventions de Nganang dans un espace public numérique, il s’agit de décrire la genèse en partie digitale d’un roman informé par une poétique web articulant l’écrit et l’écran. Les formes d’exposition de cette production littéraire hors de l’objet-livre traditionnel permettent notamment de la re-diriger vers un public camerounais dont une mémoire historique longtemps réprimée se voit, avec ce roman, en partie réhabilitée.
Suicidal Ideation and Associated Factors among Clients of Primary Care and Religious Care Centers in Thailand
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Pengpid Supa 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Suicidal ideation is a public health concern. The percentage of prevalence of suicidal ideation found among attendees of primary and religious care centers in Thailand is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate suicidal ideation and associated factors among clients of primary care and religious care centers in Thailand.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional interview survey, 1214 consecutively sampled adult clients from three religious and three primary care centers participated in the study in 2018–2019. They completed information on suicidal ideation, social and demographic factors, chronic conditions, and mental and substance use disorders. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of suicidal ideation.

Results:
One in ten clients (10.0%) reported suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.49, 3.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–6.56), anxiety disorder (AOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 2.82–12.95), somatization disorder (AOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.17–3.53), cancer (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.02–6.50), and sore joints (AOR: 2.24: 95% CI: 1.16–4.31) were positive associated with suicidal ideation, while secondary education (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20–0.77), employed (AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32–0.85), and high social support (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13–0.56) were negatively associated with suicidal ideation.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious care compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. Factors associated with suicidal ideation include sociodemographic factors, mental disorders, and chronic conditions.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Belief of Health-care Workers Toward COVID-19 Vaccine at a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Kotecha Ilesh S. , Vasavada Disha Alkeshbhai , Kumar Parveen , Nerli Lubna Mohammed Rafik , Tiwari Deepak Sachidanand , Parmar Dipesh V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
India approved the “Covishield” vaccine for emergency use and began the first vaccination drive from January 16, 2021. As the new coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine was developed within a short period, public acceptance for this new vaccine remains uncertain. Vaccine hesitancy remains an important challenge in the immunization against COVID-19. The aim of the current study was to assess different hesitancies, attitude, and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccine among health-care workers.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out among health-care professionals from 5th to January 15, just before the commencement of the first vaccination drive. All the participants were requested to fill out semi-structured pro forma containing following sections: (1) demographic details and (2) attitude and belief questionnaire. Following this, a lecture of around 45–60 min was conducted by trained professionals comprising of an education module. After the educational session, participants' willingness to take the vaccine was reassessed.

Results:
Totally, 598 participants participated in the study. Of these, 47% participants were not willing to take the vaccine. Participants with age <35 years, experience <5 years, and working in rural areas have statistically significant unwillingness to take vaccine, on Chi-square test. Getting sick from vaccine, contracting the disease after vaccination, fear of adverse effect, uncertain efficacy, and death due to vaccine are concerns related to vaccination hesitancy. After the educational session, 82% of the participants were willing to take the vaccine.

Conclusion:
Inadequate knowledge about vaccine contributed significantly to denial for vaccination. Educational program was effective in addressing the concerns of participants about vaccination, improving vaccine usage and hence control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Urine 1H-NMR Metabolomics to Discriminate Neurocysticercosis Patients from Healthy Controls: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Lopez Juan M. , Leyva Vanessa E. , Bustos Javier A. , Perez Erika , Sanchez Sofía S. , Saavedra Herbert , Gonzales Isidro , Maruenda Helena , Garcia Hector H. , _ _ 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT.
The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (NCC) is principally based on neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography), instrumentation that is scarcely available in the rural regions where Taenia solium transmission, primarily occurs due to poor sanitation conditions. Immunological assays for antigen or antibody detection complement the neuroimaging approach. However, no field-applicable assays to diagnose viable NCC or to guide the referral of cases for neuroimaging or for appropriate management are available. We performed an exploratory study on urine and serum samples using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to discriminate NCC patients (n = 14) from healthy control subjects (n = 22). Metabolic profiles demonstrated a discrimination between the urines of NCC patients and noninfected control subjects with a moderate predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.999, Q2 = 0.434). NMR metabolomics analysis has been proven useful in depicting biomarkers linked to other infectious diseases, various types of cancer, and other disorders. Our results, albeit preliminary, open a door to the development of better methods for detecting NCC through the identification of biomarkers participating in disturbed metabolic pathways.
Perbedaan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Co Op Co Op dan Teams Games Tournament (TGT)
Authors: Nisa Chairun , Amalia Fitri 
Published: May 2022

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui:1)Kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Co Op Co Op dan kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) 2)Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Co Op Co Op dan kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) 3)Interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dengan kemampuan matematika siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis quasi eksperimen. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 60 siswa kelas VII MTs Negeri Lubuk Pakam. Data dianalisis dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA). Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan: 1)Kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Co Op Co Op tidak lebih baik daripada siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) 2)Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Co Op Co Op lebih baik daripada siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) 3) adanya interaksi yang signifikan antara strategi pembelajaran dengan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa.
Kata Kunci: berpikir kreatif, pemahaman konsep matematika, strategi kooperatif tipe Co Op Co Op, strategi kooperatif tipe TGT

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out: 1)Creative thinking ability of students who are taught with Co op Co op type cooperative learning strategy and team game tournament type cooperative (TGT) 2)Ability to understand the mathematical concept of students taught with Co op Co op type cooperative learning strategy and cooperative type Team Game Tournament (TGT) 3)Interaction between learning strategy and student math ability. This research is quantitative research with quasi-experimental type. The sample of this study was 60 students of grade VII MTs Lubuk Pakam. The data is analyzed with Variant Analysis (ANAVA). The findings show that: 1)The creative thinking ability of students taught with Co Op Co Op type cooperative learning strategy is no better than students taught with Team Game Tournament (TGT) type cooperative learning strategy 2) The ability to understand the mathematical concepts of students who are taught with Co op Co op type cooperative learning strategies is better than students who are taught with team game tournament (TGT) type cooperative learning strategy 3) there is a significant interaction between learning strategy with creative thinking ability and student math concept understanding ability.
Keywords: creative thinking, understanding mathematical concepts, Co op Co op type cooperative strategy, TGT type cooperative strategy
Quality of Life and Emotional State in Patients with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Palaitytė Paulė , Mikaliūkštienė Aldona 
Published: May 2022

An increasing number of patients with arterial hypertension are observed. The symptoms of arterial hypertension harm physical and mental health, causing discomfort that impairs quality of life and disrupts normal and stable life. Studies show that the emotional health of patients is deteriorating as a result of the disease, anxiety and depression are on the rise. The study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on the quality of life and emotional state of patients with arterial hypertension.
Research Methods – a Systematic Review of the Literature Articles published in the PubMed, ClinicalKey, Google Scholar, and EBSCO databases on Quality of Life and Emotional State in Patients with Arterial Hypertension. The results show that patients with arterial hypertension are at risk of depression or anxiety disorders, which worsen their emotional state and quality of life.
Efficacy of inspiratory muscle training on inspiratory muscles strength, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with interstitial lung disease. A single non-controlled clinical study
Authors: Aboelmagd M Fatma , Moawd Samah A. 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of low level laser therapy (extravascular laser blood irradiation) on glycaemic levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients The most disabling symptoms in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients are exertional dyspnoea, functional limitations, and impaired quality of life (QoL), all related to inspiratory muscle dysfunction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of inspiratory muscle training by using a threshold device on inspiratory muscle strength, functional capacity, and QoL in patients with ILD.MethodsA single non-controlled clinical study was conducted among 30 patients with different subtypes of ILD who received 30-minute threshold inspiratory muscle training 3 times per week for 12 weeks at 30% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (PI<sub>max</sub>). PI<sub>max</sub>, distance walked in a 2-minute walk test (2MWT), oxygen saturation (SO<sub>2</sub>%), and QoL by the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey were measured before and after the intervention.ResultsA significant improvement was observed in all measured variables: PI<sub>max</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), distance walked in 2MWT (<i>p</i> = 0.003), SO<sub>2</sub>% (<i>p</i> = 0.043), and the QoL score (<i>p</i> < 0.05).ConclusionsIt was found that threshold inspiratory muscle training is recommended to be a part of the routine care for ILD patients to gain the benefits of improving the control of the symptoms.