bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Sequencing Identified Rare Genetic Variants for Childhood-Onset Monogenic Lupus
Authors: Misztal Melissa C. , Liao Fangming , Couse Madeline , Cao Jingjing , Dominguez Daniela , Lau Lynette , Marshall Christian R. , Naumenko Sergey , Knight Andrea M. , Levy Deborah M. , Hiraki Linda T. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveGenetics play an important role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. We calculated the prevalence of rare variants in known monogenic lupus genes among children suspected of monogenic lupus.MethodsWe completed paired-end genome-wide sequencing (whole genome sequencing [WGS] or whole exome sequencing) in patients suspected of monogenic lupus, and focused on 36 monogenic lupus genes. We prioritized rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) exonic, nonsynonymous, and splice variants with predicted pathogenicity classified as deleterious variants (Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion [CADD], PolyPhen2, and Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant [SIFT] scores). Additional filtering restricted to predicted damaging variants by considering reported zygosity. In those with WGS (n = 69), we examined copy number variants (CNVs) > 1 kb in size. We created additive non-HLA and HLA SLE genetic risk scores (GRSs) using common SLE-risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We tested the relationship between SLE GRSs and the number of rare variants with multivariate logistic models, adjusted for sex, ancestry, and age of diagnosis.ResultsThe cohort included 71 patients, 80% female, with a mean age at diagnosis of 8.9 (SD 3.2) years. We identified predicted damaging variants in 9 (13%) patients who were significantly younger at diagnosis compared to those without a predicted damaging variant (6.8 [SD 2.1] years vs 9.2 [SD 3.2] years,P= 0.01). We did not identify damaging CNVs. There was no significant association between non-HLA or HLA SLE GRSs and the odds of carrying ≥ 1 rare variant in multivariate analyses.ConclusionIn a cohort of patients with suspected monogenic lupus who underwent genome-wide sequencing, 13% carried rare predicted damaging variants for monogenic lupus. Additional studies are needed to validate our findings.
COVID-19 Vaccination as a Trigger of IgA Vasculitis: A Global Pharmacovigilance Study
Authors: Ramdani Yanis , Largeau Bérenger , Jonville-Bera Annie-Pierre , Maillot François , Audemard-Verger Alexandra 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveIgA vasculitis (IgAV) can occur after vaccination. We aimed to assess a potential safety signal on the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and IgAV.MethodsCases of IgAV involving COVID-19 vaccines were retrieved in VigiBase. Disproportionate reporting was assessed using the Bayesian information component (IC) with all other drugs and vaccines as control groups.ResultsThree hundred thirty patients with de novo IgAV from 24 countries were included, mostly from the United States (193/330, 58%). Fifty percent (163/328) were female and median age was 32 years (IQR 15-59), of which 33% (84/254) were young (1-17 yrs). Median time to onset of IgAV was 7 days (IQR 2-16; n = 256) and 85% (280/330) of patients were vaccinated with mRNA vaccines. Seriousness was reported in 188/324 (58%) cases. Sixty-five percent (95/147) recovered and 1% (2/147) died. A positive rechallenge was reported for 3 of 4 patients (75%). A total of 996 cases of IgAV were identified with other vaccines. There was a small significant increase in IgAV reporting with COVID-19 vaccines compared with all other drugs (IC 0.22, 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.04 to 0.35). No disproportionality signal was found between COVID-19 vaccines and other vaccines (IC −1.42, 95% CrI −1.60 to −1.28). There was no significant difference between mRNA vaccines and viral vector COVID-19 vaccines. Men and children had a significant overreporting of IgAV compared with women and adults, respectively.ConclusionThis study provides reassuring results regarding the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in the occurrence of IgAV compared to other vaccines.
Effect of Communicative and Critical Health Literacy on Trust in Physicians Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): The TRUMP2-SLE Project
Authors: Oguro Nao , Yajima Nobuyuki , Miyawaki Yoshia , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Shimojima Yasuhiro , Sada Ken-ei , Hayashi Keigo , Shidahara Kenta , Sakurai Natsuki , Hidekawa Chiharu , Kishida Dai , Ichikawa Takanori , Ishikawa Yuichi , Kurita Noriaki 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivePatients who trust their physicians have been shown to demonstrate good medication adherence, self-management, and favorable disease outcomes. This study examines how trust in physicians is affected by functional health literacy (HL) and by broader concepts of HL, including communicative HL and critical HL, among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Trust Measurement for Physicians and Patients with SLE (TRUMP2-SLE) study, an ongoing multicenter cohort study conducted at 5 academic centers. The 14-item Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy Scale assessed the 3 dimensions of HL; each item of the scale was scored on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 4. Outcomes were trust in one’s physician and trust in physicians in general using the 5-item Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale, which ranged from 0 to 100 points. General linear models were fit.ResultsA total of 362 patients with SLE were included. Trust in one’s physician increased with higher functional and communicative HL (per 1-point increase: mean difference 3.39, 95% CI 0.39-6.39, and mean difference 5.88, 95% CI 2.04-9.71, respectively). Trust in physicians in general increased with higher communicative HL and decreased with higher critical HL (per 1-point increase: mean difference 7.09, 95% CI 2.34-11.83, and mean difference −6.88, 95% CI −11.72 to −2.04, respectively). Longer internet use was associated with both higher communicative and critical HL.ConclusionThe findings suggest that rheumatologists need to improve their communication to match each patient’s HL, which may foster trust and lead to improved self-management and outcomes in SLE. They also suggest that the formation of the rheumatologist-patient relationship may negate the effect of high critical HL in building trust.
Describing Adverse Events Associated with Bilateral Same-Day Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants
Authors: Dinh Russel H. , Moushmoush Obadah , Kolyvas Peter , Jacobsen Brad A. , Mathai Mariam , Sanghavi Kavya , Levinson Joshua D. , Do Brian K. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To explore the incidence of adverse events after bilateral same-day intravitreal 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant (SDIDI) injections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We performed an IRB approved, single-center, retrospective review of patients receiving bilateral SDIDI injections from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021 and reviewed adverse events that occurred within 3 months of injection.

RESULTS:
A total of 206 bilateral (412 eyes) SDIDI injections were performed in 59 patients. Ocular hypertension or the addition of intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering drops occurred in 121 (29.4%) eyes after IDI. Two (0.5%) eyes required glaucoma drainage surgeries. Of the 117 phakic eyes, 32 (27.4%) had progression of cataract or cataract extraction. There were two (0.5%) episodes of vitreous hemorrhage and one (0.2%) retinal tear with retinal detachment. There were no cases of endophthalmitis.

CONCLUSION:
Serious complication rates after bilateral same-day IDI injections appears low. Increased IOP that requires intervention can occur.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:612–618.]
Reusable Fundus Model for Laser Retinopexy Simulation and Training
Authors: Hudson Julia L. , Salazar Humberto , Kunkler Anne L. , Fan Kenneth C. , Sridhar Jayanth S. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe a simulation technique for laser barrier retinopexy as an option for ophthalmologists in training to practice slit lamp and laser indirect ophthalmoscopy (LIO) retinopexy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A commercially available fundus model and laser printer labels were used to simulate laser retinopexy of horseshoe tears (HST). At two time points, seven first-year residents and seven second-year residents were asked to complete three rows of laser burns around HSTs and the times were recorded.

RESULTS:

Second-year residents completed simulated retinopexies in less time than first-year residents on both the slit lamp (
P
= .001) and with LIO (
P
= .001). Second-year residents were also statistically more efficient when retested at the second time point (
P
= .003 and
P
= .005, slit lamp and LIO, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
This novel educational model is able to capture differences in training level and increased experience among ophthalmology trainees, and may be beneficial as part of a structured teaching program.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:606–609.]
Perception of Interns Regarding Influence of Dressing on Professional Performance at Workplace in Dentistry
Authors: Bhoyar Anjali Giridhar , Kambala Seema , Nimonkar Sharayu Vinod , Dhamande Mithilesh Murlidhar 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In a health-care setup, interpersonal communication plays a pivotal role in the attainment of professional outcomes. Dressing is an indirect mode of communication. Since ancient times, it is assumed that doctor's clothing have a positive effect on the minds of patients. This survey evaluates the perception of interns from dental sciences regarding the impact of dressing on professional performance at workplace.

Materials and Methods:
A self-designed questionnaire was distributed among a batch of interns who were willing to participate in the survey. Seventy-six interns returned the responses which were complete without any duplication. All the survey forms were scrutinized and the data were collated. Qualitative analysis of the assembled data was performed to evaluate intern's perception about the association between dressing and professional performance at workplace.

Results:
Results of the survey demonstrated that 81.6% of the participants dress up to work as per their temperament. About 65.8% of the participants believed that dental professionals should choose formal wear for workplace settings. Majority of the participants, i.e., 67.1%, believed that dressing affects perception on personality traits such as dignity and character of a professional. A wide number of interns perceived that dressing alters the behavior of self, patients, and colleagues (55.3%, 71.1%, and 68.4%, respectively). The result of this survey also showed a positive correlation between dressing and professional traits such as confidence, responsibility, and efficiency (75.0%, 63.2%, and 63.2%, respectively). Notably, 55.3% opined against enforcing a dress code for dental institutions/dental offices.

Conclusion:
The result of the study represents the positive influence of dressing on professional performance at workplace in dentistry as perceived by interns from the faculty of dental sciences.
Oral Health Status among Type 2 Diabetic versus Nondiabetic Adult Population of Muradnagar
Authors: Das Dipshikha , Gupta Ritu , Menon Ipseeta , Sharma Anubhav , Arora Vikram , Ahsan Iram 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a rising public health concern in India. It has become one of the most prevalent diseases in the world.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess and correlate oral health status, socioeconomic status (SES), and oral hygiene practices among Type 2 Diabetic and nondiabetic adult population of Muradnagar.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Community Health Center of Muradnagar among 250 (Type 2 diabetic) and 250 (nondiabetic) adult study subjects from October 2019 to March 2020. A interview-based questionnaire assessed demographic details, body mass index, and SES of study subjects. The family history, type, and duration of diabetes as well as knowledge on diabetes, its systemic and oral manifestations, and medications were assessed among diabetic study subjects. WHO Oral Health Assessment Questionnaire 2013 was used. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified and Community Periodontal Index using WHO Oral Health 2013 Criteria were also used.

Results:
The mean age of diabetic study subjects was found to be 45.81 ± 5.05 years, whereas of nondiabetic study subjects, it was 40.85 ± 7.7 years. The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth is statistically higher among diabetics (10.23 ± 4.73) than nondiabetics (5.34 ± 3.316). Periodontal pocket was present among 67.2% of diabetic study subjects with a mean number of teeth affected, with a pocket depth of about 4–5 mm in 4.68 ± 2.94 and 6 mm or more in 3.76 ± 2.83 which was comparatively higher than the nondiabetic study subjects. The prevalence of attachment loss among diabetic study subjects was noted as 28.4%, whereas among nondiabetic study subjects, it was 18%.

Conclusion:
The study concluded a strong association between diabetes and poor periodontal conditions and leaves an impact on overall oral health status of diabetic study subjects compared to the nondiabetics.
Progression of anaemia during antenatal period among South African pregnant women
Authors: M Hoque A , E Hoque M , Van Hal Guido 
Published: November 2022

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is a known public health problem in South Africa. Maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality are known to be associated with anaemia in pregnancy. Very little is known from literature with regards to the progression of anaemia during the antenatal period of pregnancy.
Objectives: To estimate haemoglobin levels, the prevalence and determinants of anaemia at different gestational ages and to show the trend.
Method: A retrospective cohort (follow-up) study was conducted using the antenatal clinic register. Prevalence rates of anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dl) at different gestational ages were measured. Factors associated with anaemia were assessed using chisquare test and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results: A total of 801 pregnant women were enrolled at the booking visit and followed-up during their antenatal period. The prevalence of anaemia at the booking visit was 37%. The prevalence of anaemia at 20, 26, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation were 36.6%, 39.6%, 39.8% and 29.2% respectively. Binary logistic regression at the booking visit showed that teenage women were 2.5 times more likely to have anaemia (OR=2.5, p=0.005) than older women. Women who booked during the first trimester were 60% less likely to have anaemia (OR= 0.40, P=0.005) at the booking visit and 62% less likely to be anaemic at 36 weeks of gestation (OR=0.38, p=0.013) compared to those who booked late for antenatal care.
Conclusion: Prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy was high. Early booking for antenatal care was a predictor for lower rate of anaemia. Thus, health education strategy should be encouraged for early antenatal booking.
Keywords: Antenatal care; Haemoglobin; Kwadabeka; Management of anaemia; Prevalence.
Effect of heavy cigarette and water pipe smoking on antioxidants and lipids in Sudanese male smokers: a case-control study
Authors: M Ahmed Ahmed , M Ibrahim Amna 
Published: November 2022

Background: Tobacco smoking is a source of many toxins such as free radicals, mutagenic substances as well as cause for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), particularly atherosclerosis. This study aims to assess the impact of smoking on antioxidants in Sudanese male smokers.
Methods: Cases were 85 and 48 men who smoke cigarettes (CS) and water pipe (WPS) respectively and they were compared with matching 50 non-smoking controls. Blood samples were collected and following parameters: Glutathione peroxidase, Superoxidedismutase, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, HDL, Paraoxinase, and Malondialdehyde were measured.
Results: There were no significant differences in biochemical parameters between light CS and WPS compared to controls. In heavy smokers of both WPS and CS, the TC, TG, LDL, and MDA were higher than controls (p>0.05), GPx, SOD, HDL, and PON were lower in smokers than controls (p>0.05). In both groups of smokers; HDL, GPx, SOD, and PON were inversely correlated with duration of smoking (p>0.05), also, HDL was positively correlated with SOD and GPx (p>0.05). Moreover, GPx and SOD were correlated with each other in both groups of smokers (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In Sudanese male smokers’ biochemical profile disturbances suggest that heavy smoking was leading to developing CVD, particularly WPS.
Keywords: Smoking; antioxidants; cigarette smoking; CS; water pipe smoking; WPS.
Cytogenetic profile of adult AML patients in Turkey: a single center study with comprehensive comparison with literature
Authors: Cirakoglu Ayse , Dilhan Kuru Rahiye , Yilmaz Sukriye , Deviren Ayhan , Ongoren Seniz , Firat Yalniz Fevzi , Keskin Dilek , Emre Eskazan Ahmet , Salihoglu Ayse , Cem Ar Muhlis , Sahin Serdar , Aydin Yildiz , Hacihanefioglu Seniha , Baslar Zafer , Soysal Teoman , Tarkan Arguden Yelda 
Published: November 2022

Background: Cytogenetic findings are important prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia. Large systematic data about chromosomal characteristics of Turkish AML patients have not been reported to date.
Objectives: The karyotypic profiles of 157 adult AML patients were evaluated retrospectively and compared with other reports from different populations.
Methods: Cytogenetics analyses were performed on bone marrow samples using G-banding. Patients were categorized according to their cytogenetic results into four groups with the addition of a normal karyotyped group to the favorable, intermediate and adverse groups of European Leukemia Network.
Results: Cytogenetic analyses were carried out successfully in 138 patients (88%). Abnormal karyotypes were found in 79 (57.2%) patients of which 13 (9.4%) were in favorable, 37 (26.8%) in intermediate and 29 (21%) in adverse groups. t(8;21) (5%) was the most common favorable abnormality while monosomal karyotypes (15.9%) in adverse group.
Conclusion: This single center study is the most comprehensive study about the cytogenetic profile of acute myeloid leukemia in Turkey with comparison of other population-based studies. While there were similarities and differences with different publications, our results did not show a marked tendency to the findings of any specific geographic region.
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; cytogenetics; chromosomal abnormalities; adult.
Indirect serum biomarkers perform sub optimally in screening for significant liver fibrosis among HIV-infected and uninfected adults in Uganda
Authors: Wekesa Clara , Parkes-Ratanshi Rosalind , D Kirk Gregory , Aizire Jim , Ocama Ponsiano 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Indirect serum bio-markers present an acceptable noninvasive and cheap alternative for screening of significant liver fibrosis (SLF). Evaluation of their use in resource limited settings is important to determine their utility.
Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study among 520 HIV infected and HIV uninfected adults attending care clinics in Kampala Uganda. Presence of SLF was determined using Fibroscan® liver stiffness measurement of ≥7.2KPa. The diagostic value of indirect serum bio-markers for diagnosis of SLF was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) using Fibroscan® as gold standard.
Results: Overall AUROC values for Age Platelet Index (API), Aspartate to Alanine Ratio (AAR), AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), Fibrosis Index based on 4 Factors (FIB-4) and Gamma glutamyl transferase to Platelet Ratio Index (GPR) were 0.52, 0.49, 0.55, 0.55 and 0.54 respectively. Among HIV-infected participants AUROC values were slightly improved at predicting presence of SLF but still under 70%.
Conclusion: Despite APRI and FIB-4 being more likely to identify participants with SLF, the overall diagnostic value of all serum bio-markers was poor with and without stratification by HIV status. We recommend the use of Fibroscan® technology as more accurate non-invasive diagnostic method for screening of SLF.
Keywords: Liver fibrosis; serum bio-markers; Fibroscan®; HIV/AIDS; Sub Saharan Africa.
Fertility desire and associated factors among people on antiretroviral treatment at a public health facility in Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Argaw Eniyew Muche , Haji Yusuf , Abebe Kelemu , Demelash Minchil , Mesfin Yibeltal , Embiale Aynamaw , Amare Belay 
Published: November 2022

Background: Fertility desire is the plan of people to have a child or more children in the face of being diagnosed with HIV and plan to a commitment to implement the desire.
Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa city public health facilities from May 09 –July 07/07/2019. Four hundred (400) study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using interviewer-administered pre-tested structured questionnaires and chart review. The collected data were entered into EPI data version 3.1 software and then transported to SPSS version 20 for cleaning and data analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors at p<0.05 was taken as a significant value with a 95% confidence level.
Results: A total of 400 clients were included in the study giving a response rate of 97 %. The overall fertility desire was 53.6 %(95%CI: 48.7%, 58.2%). Age, sexual practice in the last six months and discussing reproductive health with ART providers were significantly associated with fertility desire. Younger age was positively associated with fertility desire, age group (18-29), [Adjust odds ratio = 5.75 95%CI (2.85, 11.57)] , age group(30-39), [Adjust odds ratio= 4.71 95%CI:(2.55, 8.71)] Sexual practice in the last sixmonths [Adjust odds ratio = 3.00 95%CI(1.46 , 6.16)] and counseling reproductive health with ART provider[Adjust odds ratio = 3.10 95%CI:(1.86,5.15)]
Conclusion: The prevalence of fertility desire in this study was higher than previous studies while factors associated with fertility desire were age, sexual practice in the last six months, and discussing reproductive health with ART providers.
Keywords: ART; Fertility desire; HIV/AIDS.
Factors influencing utilization of modern family planning services by persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus at Luwero Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Omona Kizito , Muhanuzi Geoffrey 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The use of modern family planning methods is key for achieving the prevention of unintended pregnancies among women living with HIV, in the prevention of Mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) package. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing the utilization of modern family planning services by persons living with HIV at Luwero Hospital, Uganda.
Methods: The study was conducted among 210 persons living with HIV attending the ART clinic and was based on cross-sectional descriptive and analytical design. Sampling was by simple random techniques. Data was collected using researcher-administered questionnaires.
Results: The uptake of Modern FP services is low (36.7%) among persons living with HIV. It was attributed to client-related factors such as being married [AOR: 2.2, 95% CI [1.123-4.140], p = 0.038]) and other factors. These are; religious views discouraging use of modern FP (p= 0.034), negative side effects (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI [0.043-1.968], p = 0.044) and services being unfriendly for persons living with HIV (p=0.000]).
Conclusions: Despite the presence of modern family planning services, uptake among persons living with HIV is low. Poor utilization is a recipe for unintended pregnancy and thus jeopardizes efforts in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Keywords: Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT); HIV; Family Planning; Unintended Pregnancy; Luwero district.