bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of silver nanocrystals reduced from the functional molecules enriched Spirulina – A potent antibiotic against human and marine pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: S Raja , Anjali G. , Anitha Jaganathan , Ephsy Davis K. , Sahana Kesavan , Mohan Kuppusamy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Organic reduction of nanomaterials is an inexpensive and ecologically feasible method and the major challenge of this method is the optimization. The reduction of metal ions with the conjugation involves either by the extraction from natural materials like plants, algae, fungus, and bacteria or the micro-organisms, which includes the intracellular synthesis of these particles. The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) reduced by Spirulina platensis. The reduced nanoparticle by the microorganism was materialized to inhibit the pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the aquaculture system of Tamil Nadu. The highest distribution percentage of V. parahaemolyticus was recorded in the farm water collected from shrimp farms of Nagapattinam than in the Cuddalore district. The presence of secondary metabolites in qualitative estimation and in GCMS revealed the presence of 32 compounds in both acetone and methanol extract. The essential fatty acids eicosane was found to have antibiotic potency against shrimp infected with pathogenic bacteria. The synthesized Spirulina SNPs were characterized by a biophysical technique like UV-Vis spectrophotometer, EDAX, XRD, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis revealed a spherical structure without any agglomerates whose reduction absorption was at 200–450 nm. The well diffusion method, it showed inhibition of human and marine pathogen V. parahaemolyticus, whose inhibitory zone was at 15.30 ± 2.21 and 15.19 ± 2.48 mm respectively. Thus, the Spirulina mediated silver nanoparticles are found to be a simple, economical, and eco-friendly biomaterial to be a potent antibiotic against the shrimp bacteria.
Observation on the clinical effect of axillary approach in the treatment of scapular fractures involving the glenoid
Authors: Sun Zhihuang , Jiang Jian , Wei Huahua , Xu Jiajia , Liu Guangwei , Li Jian , Zhang Hui , Lian Sheng , Wu Guobao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare the clinical efficacy of the axillary approach and the pectoralis deltoid approach in the treatment of scapular fractures involving the glenoid.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 37 cases of scapular fractures diagnosed and treated from 2017-09 to 2019-09, 15 cases were treated by axillary approach (axillary approach group), and 22 cases were treated by pectoralis major deltoid approach (pectoralis major). The deltoid approach group), and the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, incision length, and clinical efficacy at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups.
Results
Both groups successfully completed the operation and obtained complete follow-up. The follow-up time was 12–18 months, with an average of 15.2 months. All fractures healed at the last follow-up, and the fracture healing time was 2 to 6 months, with an average of 3.2 months. Compared with the pectoralis major deltoid approach group, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay in the axillary approach group were shorter than those in the pectoralis major deltoid approach group, and the incision length was shorter than that in the pectoralis major deltoid approach group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, the excellent and good rate of the axillary approach group was higher than that of the pectoralis major deltoid approach group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The axillary approach in the treatment of scapular fractures involving the glenoid has the advantages of small incision, less intraoperative blood loss, short operation time, concealment, and stable curative effect, and is worthy of further promotion and application.
Development of larviculture protocols for the long-spined sea urchin (Diadema antillarum) and enhanced performance with diets containing the cryptophyte Rhodomonas lens
Authors: Pilnick Aaron R. , O’Neil Keri L. , DiMaggio Matthew A. , Patterson Joshua T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Slow or nonexistent natural recovery of the Caribbean long-spined sea urchin (Diadema antillarum) following a mass mortality event in 1983–1984 has prompted interest in hatchery-origin production and restocking to aid coral-reef restoration. A critical first step is the ability to propagate D. antillarum from gametes, at scale. However, a unique larval biology and difficult and lengthy culture period of ~ 40 days has resulted in inconsistent success over the past 20-plus years. The purpose of this study was to develop protocols for rearing D. antillarum within a novel 1800-L recirculating aquaculture system capable of scaled production. Five separate experiments investigated larval development in response to diet quantity, diet composition, and initial stocking density within 40-L replicate culture tanks. The initial experiment was used to develop a microalgae reference diet consisting of Tisochrysis lutea and Chaetoceros sp. and revealed similar growth and survival between high quantity (40.0×103 cells ml-1) and low quantity (10.0×103 cells ml-1) treatments at 21 DPF. Experiments 2–4 examined diet quality by comparing carbon-equivalent microalgae compositions. Mixed diets containing Rhodomonas lens outperformed the reference diet in multiple experiments and a tripartite diet containing all three species resulted in significantly higher survival at 42 DPF. The highest growth overall occurred from a monoalgal R. lens diet, which indicated that this species is critically important. Further observations of density-dependent growth dynamics revealed that initial stocking densities > 1 larvae ml-1 significantly reduced growth over 28 DPF. Data generated were used to establish fundamental larviculture protocols that have since led to the production of over 1,000 juveniles.
Reduced Frequency and Power Spectra of Wind Pressure of a Tall Building Having "Z" Shape in Plan
Authors: Paul Rajdip , Dalui Sujit Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study envisages a tall building model's dynamic behaviour with a 'Z' shape in plan and exposed to cyclonic wind tested using numerical simulation technique. The computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation tool of ANSYS-CFX is adopted in the present study. The geometric scale is considered as 1:300, whereas the velocity scale is taken to be 1:5. Wind streamlines under different wind occurrence angles on the building are displayed perceptibly, ensuring vortex shedding at the region of disturbed flow where the wind suction and pressure amalgamates. The peak wind pressures and suctions at building facets are presented under different wind angles. Again the features of normalized power spectra of wind pressure at the top part, main body, and bottom part of the building subjected to wind azimuths ranging from 0° to 150° are presented. It is found that at the bottom part of the building, the peak values of standardized power spectra occur in the low-frequency range, although, at the top part and main body of the building, the vortex shedding energy intensifies at relatively high reduced frequencies. The determination of reduced frequency is of paramount importance to evade resonance under wind tempted shakings of soaring buildings.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Dasatinib versus Imatinib in Pediatric Philadelphia Chromosome- Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients in China
Authors: Cao Wang , Yu Yuncui , Qiu Yingpeng , Liu Lu , Zhang Hao , Shi Liwei , Xiao Yue , Jia Lulu , Zhang Ruidong , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are recommended for pediatric Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL), and the one commonly used in China is imatinib. However, it's worth noting that clinical needs could not be met gradually with the increasing resistance of imatinib. Dasatinib, the second-generation TKI, has been proved by Food and Drug Administration because of the better efficacy and comparative safety. This study aims to supplement economic evidence for multi-dimensional value by comparing the cost-effectiveness between imatinib and dasatinib in treating pediatric patients with in China, and to help clinical rational drug use and drug policy adjustment. Methods: A decision tree model combined with a 10-year Markov model was established based on the published data and real-world cohort study. The main outcomes were incremental costs, which expressed in 2019 China yuan (CNY), and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), both were discounted at 5%. Cost-effectiveness analysis was used to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between the two drugs in Chinese pediatric Ph+ ALL patients from the health system perspective. The Sensitivity analysis were conducted to assess the uncertainty and result robustness. The set willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold was 1 times per capita GDP of China in 2019, recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: The total costs were CNY 1,020,995.35 and CNY 1,035,788.50 in imatinib group and dasatinib group over the simulative course of a decade, and the total QALYs were 2.59 and 4.84. Compared with the imatinib treatment group, the ICER of dasatinib treatment was around CNY 6,575.78/ QALY, which was less than the set threshold. The sensitive analysis indicated the robustness of the results. Conclusions: The cost-effectiveness analysis shows that dasatinib has potential cost-effective advantages compared with imatinib for pediatric Ph+ ALL patients under the set WTP threshold, which indicates that those patients could achieve more QALYs by paying acceptable fee.
Length–weight relationships of 23 marine fish species from the southern coast of Black Sea associated with small-scale fisheries
Authors: Karadurmuş Uğur , Aydın Mehmet 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study presents the length-weight relationship (LWRs) estimates for 23 marine fish species belonging to 15 families from the southern coast of the Black Sea. The species were sampled using small-scale fishing gears such as gillnets and trammel nets at depths of 0-120 m in the period from 2010 to 2021. The LWRs were calculated by the linear regression of natural log-transformed data with respect to W = a × TLb. Growth type was evaluated according to Pauly's t-test. The slope (b-value) ranged between 2.564 and 3.640, corresponded to the commonly expected range (2.50–3.50) except for Salmo labrax and Spicara flexuosum. The values for the coefficient of determination (r2) were above 0.95, was considered reliable, except for Belone belone, Chromis chromis, Gobius niger, and Sardina pilchardus. This study targeted specimens from small-scale fisheries-related gears and therefore, the results are of prime interest to local fisheries management. The new LWR covers a substantially larger TLmax compared to any previous study and thus we can assume that all size classes of the species are properly reflected and the new LWRs are a more reliable and species-specific LWRs than any previous estimate. There are four species in the paper that offer new insights in LWRs. These are: Mesogobius batrachocephalus, S. labrax, S. flexuosum and Umbrina cirrosa.
Immunomodulatory effect of turmeric, amla, and pepper mixture against sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats
Authors: Nagaraju M. , Kalahasti Krishna Kalyan , Reddy K. Prathap , Addi Utkarsh Reddy , Satyavani M. , Reddy G. Bhanuprakash , R S. Sreenivasa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), is a severe inflammatory lung disease. We tested the prophylactic effect of a functional food comprising three different anti-inflammatory plant products: turmeric, amla, and black pepper (TAB) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in rats. Two-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (C), LPS (5mg/kg), and LPS with TAB (TAB). After 6 hours of LPS injection, the rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation to collect the lung tissue. Results showed that TAB partially ameliorated LPS-induced circulating inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL6) and significantly prevented lung histopathological changes. TAB also suppressed LPS-activated ER stress markers (GRP78, pIRE1, and CHOP) and apoptotic proteins (caspase-3 and -12) in the lung. The anti-inflammatory effects of the TAB support its potential use at least as an adjuvant to mitigate ALI. Importantly, the ingredients of TAB are in use for centuries as part of their diet with limited or no toxic effects identified.
Pyroglutamic Acidosis – An Underrecognized Entity Associated with Acetaminophen Use
Authors: Ng Wincy Wing-Sze , Tong Hok-Fung , Ng Wai-Yan , Yeung Joshua Ka-Ho , Young Joyce Kit-Yu , Woo Raymond Kam-Wing , Wong Maureen Mo-Lin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pyroglutamic acidosis (PGA) is an underrecognized entity characterised by raised anion gap metabolic acidosis (RAGMA) and urinary hyper-excretion of pyroglutamic acid. It is frequently associated with chronic acetaminophen (APAP) ingestion. We report the case of a 73-year-old man with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis treated with voriconazole, and APAP for analgesia with a cumulative dose of 160g over 40 days. PGA was suspected as he developed severe RAGMA and which common causes were excluded. Diagnosis was confirmed by urinary organic acid analysis showing significant hyper-excretion of pyroglutamic acid. APAP was discontinued and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was administered. His RAGMA rapidly resolved following treatment.
A model of chemotherapy-induced tumor dormancy: doxorubicin retention and degradation defines resumed growth in vivo
Authors: Zaleskis Gintaras , Garberytė Sima , Pavliukevičienė Božena , Characiejus Dainius , Žilionytė Karolina , Kraśko Jan Aleksander , Karabanovas Vitalijus , Matusevičienė Nijolė , Kučinskaitė Vakarė Barbora , Pasukoniene Vita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background.
Cancer recurrence after adjuvant chemotherapy with long periods of remission is common. After cessation of the therapy, the dormant cells may repopulate, but the signals that control the tumor to exit dormancy are not completely understood. We hypothesized that tissue bound cytotoxic drug indwelling in a body for years might somehow contribute to dormancy or recurrence of a tumor. The purpose of this study was to design a model demonstrating that viable cells implanted in mice can repopulate or be suppressed, depending on the cytotoxic preload conditions.
Methods
. A two-step dormancy/recurrence (TSDR) murine model was designed, which mimics the extrusion of taken up drug from tumor cells. The viable cells preloaded with drug were implanted into mice. The survival rates of these mice were then used as criteria to demonstrate the relationship between resumed growth and drug cellular efflux/viability. The drug internalization patterns following their exposure to doxorubicin (dox) or degraded dox (dox-dgr) were investigated by exploring flow cytometry, spectral analysis, high performance liquid chromatography and confocal microscopy. Antiproliferative and myelotoxic capacity was evaluated by hematological nadir induced by the iv injected drug.
Results.
The viable SL2 lymphoma cells exposed to 10 µg/ml of dox for 30 min and injected into syngeneic DBA/2 mice were made unable to recure. Exposure of cells to lower dox concentrations (0.01–1.0 µg/ml) resulted in tumor recurrence, similar to that which was observed during implantation of an untreated tumor. Dox-dgr kept at 37°C for 365 days lost its tumoricidal and antiproliferative capacity and displayed a loss of selectivity of nuclear fluorescence.
Conclusions.
Our TSDR model is a rapid convenient tool to study in vivo behavior of cells preloaded with cytotoxic drug. This approach focuses on mechanisms of tumor cells exiting dormancy, in relation to cytotoxic drug efflux. Multiple modifications of our TSDR model are possible, including nude mice models. As an example, we used one-year body temperature exposed dox to demonstrate its inability to retain sufficient cytotoxic capacity.
Simulation analysis of UF membrane filtration process based on magnetic field characteristics
Authors: Guo Xingfei , Wang Yu , Wang Lianjin , Chao Shulin , Li Pengfei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Membrane fouling will affect the performance of the membrane, resulting in the increase of filtration cost and reduced membrane life. Magnetization technology has the advantages of being green, pollution-free and energy saving, and it has broad potential applications in water treatment. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics realizes the coupling of magnetic field and flow field by adding the magnetic field force formula in the fluid module. The influence of magnetic field on fluid flow and inorganic pollutant distribution in an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane device were investigated. The simulation results show that the magnetic field improves the water flow velocity in the device to a certain extent, reduces the volume fraction of pollutant particles on the membrane surface, and then reduces the possibility of forming a thicker filter cake layer, which is beneficial to slow down membrane fouling and thus slow down the reduction rate of membrane flux. In addition, the simulation results were verified by the membrane specific flux experiment, and consistent conclusions were obtained.
Study on treatment of acid red G with bio-carbon compound immobilized white rot fungi
Authors: Wu Huifang , Xu Xinyu , Qin Yu , Jiang Yu , Lin Zhen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Corn straw biochar was used as a carrier to immobilize white rot fungi and the removal performance of immobilized pellets for acid red G (ARG) dye was studied. The results showed that the removal rate of ARG could reach 96.17% under the best preparation conditions of immobilized pellets (3% sodium alginate concentration, 0.7% corn straw biochar, 5% white rot fungus mycelium suspension, 4% CaCl2, and 36 h immobilization time). The orthogonal test results showed that the best combination was the immobilized pellets dosage of 200/100 mL, pH of 4.5, rotation speed of 150 r/min, and initial concentration of 20 mg/L dye at 30 °C. The degradation pathway of ARG by immobilized microspheres was studied by ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that ARG was degraded into aniline and 5-(acetamino)-4-hydroxy-3-amino-2,7-naphthalene disulfonic acid. Aniline was further deaminated to form benzene, and benzene was ring opened to form other organic compounds; 5-(acetylamino)-4-hydroxy-3-amino-2,7-naphthalene disulfonic acid was dehydroxylated to form 5-(acetylamino)-3-amino-2,7-naphthalene disulfonic acid. This study shows that the prepared biochar immobilized pellets can be used as an efficient water treatment material to remove ARG dye from wastewater.
Bringing the Spotlight to Tau and TDP-43 in Frontotemporal Dementia:
A Review of Promising Chemical Compounds
Authors: Villalobos-Nova Karla , Monroy-Moya Sebastián , Maulen-Peñaloza Joaquín , Pinto Gabriela C.M. , Cornejo Alberto 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
There is a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases, among which frontotemporal
dementia stands out. These are the second most frequent cause of dementia in the
world and demand the search for an effective treatment. This disease is linked to the abnormal
behavior of proteins, which group together to form insoluble aggregates. It has
been shown that the tau protein and TDP-43 are the main proteins involved in these
pathologies. This article details 11 compounds already used in different neuropathologies,
which may serve as potential drugs against these proteins. The mechanism of how
most of these molecules inhibited the tau and TDP-43 aggregation process was highlighted.
Importantly, Curcumin, Proanthocyanidin B2, Oleocanthal, Oleuropein Aglycone,
Thionine, and Resveratrol had been reported as direct inhibitors of tau. While 4-aminoquinoline,
Dimethoxycurcumin, and Auranofin directly inhibited TDP-43. Epigallocatechin-
3- gallate and Methylene Blue were described as tau and TDP-43 inhibitors. In this
review, it is proposed that future research could elucidate the detailed inhibition mechanisms
of these compounds to obtain relevant data to advance in treatments search for these
coexisting proteins in frontotemporal dementia.
Exploring the Mechanism of Yi-Jing Decoction in Treating Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome by Using Network Pharmacology
Authors: Lin Yue , Xiang Liu , Li Xianhai , Tang Qiang , Meng Fanbo , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Yi-Jing decoction (YJD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription,
has been reported to be effective in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS). However, the underlying mechanisms of YJD in treating PCOS are still unclear.

Objective:
In the present work, the effective ingredients of YJD and their treatment
mechanisms on PCOS were systematically analyzed.

Methods:
The effective ingredients of YJD and targets of PCOS were selected from public
databases. The network pharmacology method was used to analyze the ingredients, potential
targets, and pathways of YJD for the treatment of PCOS.

Results:
One hundred and three active ingredients were identified from YJD, of which 82
were hit by 65 targets associated with PCOS. By constructing the disease-common targetcompound
network, five ingredients (quercetin, arachidonate, beta-sitosterol, betacarotene,
and cholesterol) were selected out as the key ingredients of YJD, which can interact
with the 10 hub genes (VEGFA, AKT1, TP53, ALB, TNF, PIK3CA, IGF1, INS,
IL1B, PTEN) against PCOS. These genes are mainly involved in prostate cancer, steroid
hormone biosynthesis, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways. In addition,
the results of molecular docking showed that the ingredients of YJD have a good
binding affinity with the hub genes.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that the treatment of PCOS by YJD is through
regulating the levels of androgen and insulin and improving the inflammatory microenvironment.
Biosynthetic Pathways for Rebeccamycin Family of Natural Products
Authors: Varala Ravi , Alam M. Mujahid , Kurmarayuni Chandra Mohan , Bollikolla Hari Babu , Dubasi Narsimhaswamy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The isolation of Rebeccamycin, a family of indolocarbazole alkaloids from natural sources,
and the biosynthesis of this class of compounds are briefly reviewed. Rebeccamycin and its analogues
have been extensively studied by medicinal chemists, over the last four decades, due to its wide range
of biological activities, predominantly with neuroprotective and antitumor properties.