bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unintentional injuries and potential determinants of falls in young children: Results from the Piccolipiù Italian birth cohort
Authors: Culasso Martina , Porta Daniela , Brescianini Sonia , Gagliardi Luigi , Michelozzi Paola , Pizzi Costanza , Ronfani Luca , Rusconi Franca , Vecchi Brumatti Liza , Asta Federica 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Unintentional injuries such as falls, are particularly frequent in early childhood. To date, epidemiological studies in this field have been carried out using routine data sources or registries and many studies were observational studies with a cross-sectional design. The aims of the study are to describe unintentional injuries in the first two years of life in the Piccolipiù birth cohort, and to investigate the association between mother and children characteristics and the First Event of Raised surface Fall (FERF).

Methods
This longitudinal observational study included 3038 children from an Italian birth cohort. Data on socio-demographic factors, socio-economic indicators, maternal health and lifestyle characteristics and child’s sleeping behavior, obtained from questionnaires completed at birth, 12 and 24 months of age, were considered in the analyses as potential risk factors of FERF. Time of occurrence of FERF was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The multivariable analysis for time to event was carried out using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
Falls from raised surfaces are the leading cause of unintentional injuries in the cohort with 610 (21.1%) and 577 (20.0%) cases among children during the first and second year of life, respectively. An increased risk of FERF was associated with several risk factors: maternal psychological distress (HR 1.41, 95%CI 1.10–1.81), maternal alcohol intake (HR 1.26, 95%CI 1.10–1.45), and child’s sleeping problems (HR 1.28, 95%CI 1.09–1.51). Children with older aged mothers (HR 0.98, 95%CI 0.96–0.99) and living in northern Italy (HR 0.64, 95%CI 0.55–0.75) had a lower risk of FERF.

Conclusion
The results of the study suggest that a higher risk of FERF is associated with socio-demographic factors, maternal characteristics and child sleeping behavior that could hinder parent empowerment.
Quality of endodontic record-keeping and root canal obturation performed by final year undergraduate dental students: An audit during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Tan Wen Wu , Chan Daryl Zhun Kit , Chua Kah Hoay , Yee Teoh Chai , Lazaldin Mohd Aizuddin Mohd 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTo assess the quality of endodontic record-keeping and root canal obturation performed by undergraduate final year dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsDental records and dental radiographs of patients who received endodontic treatments between March 2020 and March 2022 by undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. The audit data were collected based on the European Society of Endodontology guidelines retrospectively via assessing the patient’s clinical records and intraoral periapical radiograph. Root canal obturation quality was evaluated based on the following parameters: adaptation, length, taper, and mishap. A root filling is defined as satisfactory only when all four parameters were graded as acceptable. Subsequently, the data were recorded and analysed using Chi-Square test with the level of significance set at p = 0.05.ResultsA total of 111 patient records with 111 root canal-treated teeth were evaluated. The highest percentage of documented evidence was noted in the patient’s general records, while the endodontic treatment records showed the lowest percentage of documented evidence. 78 (70.3%) of root canal-treated teeth were deemed satisfactory with acceptable adaptation, length, taper, and absence of mishap. Moreover, no statistical significance in terms of root canal filling quality was noted between anterior and posterior teeth, and between maxillary and mandibular arch.ConclusionsAlthough patient records and root canal fillings quality were deemed satisfactory in most cases, strict documentation requirements and continuing dental education in audit training are necessary for quality assurance.
The Belissariotai family: a contribution to Byzantine prosopography
Authors: Papadopoulos Alexandros 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Michael and Niketas Choniates, significant figures of letters of the second half of the twelfth and the early thirteenth century, were closely related to the Belissariotai, a noble family of the Byzantine aristocracy. Thanks to both Choniatai brothers we are able to gather valuable information about the Belissariotai and to examine not only their role in the administration of the state during the last quarter of the twelfth century, but also their unbreakable bonds of friendship and kinship with the Choniatai. This paper aims to present a thorough prosopographic study on the Belissariotai family through the examination of literary and sigillographic evidence and to challenge a series of long-established views regarding the different stages of their life and career.
Of Coconuts and Beings: Peculiarities of a Diophantine Problem
Authors: Marinoff Lou 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper reconsiders a well-known Diophantine problem-“the coconut puzzle”-with two philosophically humorous motives. The first motive is methodological; the second, ontological. First, different methodological approaches to solving this problem, namely those of the stereotypical engineer, physicist, and mathematician, are informed by different conceptualizations of the mathematical puzzle itself. This is illustrated by comparing stereotypical solutions by an engineer, a physicist, and a mathematician. Second, ontological implications of Dirac’s unorthodox (negative) solution precipitate heuristic questions concerning correspondence between mathematically admissible answers and physically possible states. An anecdotal history of this problem is also cited, in order to prepare the ground for a concluding satirical solution by an erstwhile Carlylean economist.
The Dragon Reaches the Eastern Mediterranean: Why the Region Matters to China
Authors: Bastian Jens 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Eastern Mediterranean region has been the subject of global power competition for many decades. Europe, Russia, and the United States have at different stages and in changing configurations sought to exercise influence in and power over various countries in the Eastern Mediterranean. But over the course of the past decade, the aforementioned triangle has been reshaped into a quadrangle. A new external actor has emerged and firmly planted its flag in the Eastern Mediterranean. The fourth country in question is the People’s Republic of China. This article focuses on Greece, Turkey, and Israel as empirical examples of China’s expanding footprint in the region.
Argumentación por el ejemplo desde la figura del precedente judicial. Un abordaje desde Chaïm Perelman
Authors: Pineda Ravelo Juan Felipe 
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo realiza un avance sobre el estudio del precedente judicial mediante la argumentación por el ejemplo, desde el enfoque de una de las técnicas argumentativas de C. Perelman. Se estudia la manera en que esta técnica es materializada en las sentencias, no sólo de las altas cortes sino de todos los entes administradores de justicia que motivan sus providencias. Para ello recurren al precedente y a la ley de la inercia que propone también el mismo autor.
En este caso concreto se estudia el derecho fundamental al trabajo, específicamente de las personas privadas de la libertad. Además, se analiza la manera en que la corte constitucional utiliza las técnicas argumentativas de autores como Perelman, Toulmin y Weston en la revisión de acciones de tutela. Para este ejercicio, el texto realiza un recorrido por las diversas teorías de la argumentación y evalúa la aplicación de dichas nociones a la práctica del derecho.
¿A qué le apuntamos tras 30 años de la Constituyente de 1991?
Authors: Salazar Rubén Darío , Salazar Otero Laura Cristina 
Published: October 2022

Para efectos del desarrollo del texto, se dividirá en cuatro secciones, que son en nuestro criterio, los horizontes posibles y necesarios para trascender sobre la base de las preguntas, el planteamiento del constituyente del año 91, a saber, i) Noción de nación y modernidad; ii) Del pluralismo al plurinacionalismo; iii) Del reconocimiento al diálogo a partir de la multiplicidad de conciencias y discontinuidad de fronteras y iv) Alcances de la educación en el contexto del cambio.
Previo al desarrollo de cada una, realizamos la aclaración, que es una consideración nuestra con el lector, sobre lo que podrá encontrar en las siguientes líneas, a efecto de decidir continuar con su lectura. De manera que, en este texto se expondrán puntos de partida con el fin de reflexionar y plantar semillas de conciencia para construir no un punto de llegada, un ideal, sino un camino de pasos que permitan uno tras otro, construir otras maneras de encontrarnos, de reintroducir identidades y formas de sentir el mundo desde lo que somos, toda vez que creemos que el solo hecho de hacernos preguntas sobre la sociedad que queremos ser y en la que queremos vivir, ya es un avance.
Conciliación, acceso a la administración de justicia y debido proceso probatorio: una relación llamada a revisar en tiempos de transformación
Authors: Mejía García Glendy Johanna 
Published: October 2022

En la investigación se identificó las tendencias en la aplicación de criterios en materia probatoria y el cumplimiento de los objetivos del acceso a la administración de justicia y debido proceso. Sin embargo, estos derechos se han abordado desde la perspectiva del proceso judicial, por tal motivo, se revisará desde otras formas de resolución de conflictos como son los Mecanismos Alternativos de Resolución de Conflictos (MARC), especialmente, la conciliación.
En este artículo se abordará por un lado, el desarrollo jurisprudencial por parte de la Corte Constitucional de la conciliación desde el derecho del acceso a la administración de justicia, por otro lado, los pronunciamientos desde el ámbito interamericano y finalmente, resaltando como estos métodos no pueden relacionarse únicamente como estrategias complementarias que permiten la descongestión judicial, y no como un método eficaz de Justicia Transformadora que permita asegurar a todas las personas sin distinción alguna la satisfacción de sus necesidades o capacidades relacionadas con la justicia.
Nocardia elegans primary iliopsoas abscess: A case report and literature review
Authors: Maraki Sofia , Mavromanolaki Viktoria Eirini , Detorakis Efstathios E. , Stafylaki Dimitra , Moraitis Panagiotis , Scoulica Effie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNocardia species are rare causative agents of psoas abscess, more frequently occurring as part of disseminated infection. Only sporadic cases have been reported so far, with Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia farcinica being the most common causative agents. Nocardia elegans is an opportunistic pathogen, accounting for only 0.3–0.6% of infections caused by Nocardia species, usually affecting the respiratory tract.In this study, a previously healthy 74-year-old man was admitted to the University Hospital of Heraklion with fever and intense pain radiating from the lumbar region to the groin and the left thigh, increasing with movement. Imaging findings revealed a large abscess in the left iliopsoas. Blood and pus aspirate cultures yielded a pure culture of Nocardia that was identified by 16S rRNA sequence as N. elegans. The patient was successfully treated with drainage of the abscess along with administration of ceftriaxone, linezolid and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. To our knowledge, this is the first report of iliopsoas abscess caused by N. elegans. Early, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment with drainage of the abscess and long-term administration of antimicrobial agents optimize the outcome.
A Hall–Petch study of the high toughness Cr40Co30Ni30 multi-principal element alloy
Authors: Puosso Fernanda Cunha , Bertoli Gustavo , Coury Francisco Gil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMulti-principal element alloys (MPEAs) are an emergent class of metallic materials that displays a huge range of possible properties and applications. CrCoNi MPEAs attract great interest because they show good strength–ductility combinations, especially in Cr-rich non-equiatomic compositions. In this work, the Cr40Co30Ni30 MPEA was produced and characterized at different annealing conditions. This alloy displays a great strength–ductility balance, evidenced by the high uniform deformation (55–70%) and high estimated toughness. It also exhibits high strengthening by grain refining, given by the high Hall–Petch slope (k = 655 MPa/μm−0.5). The grain growth kinetics analysis provides estimates that can aid the design and processing of this alloy for future applications. Deformed samples displayed both TWIP and TRIP effects, once mechanical twins and HCP martensitic phase, arranged in nanometric lamellae, are formed during straining, greatly increasing the number of interfaces in the microstructure and providing good mechanical properties in tension.
Graphical abstract
Cultura de inteligencia y sociedad
Authors: Sansó-Rubert Daniel , Pulido-Gragera Julia 
Published: October 2022

La doctrina identifica mayoritariamente la cultura de inteligencia como una política de sensibilización pública, que tiene por objetivo mejorar el conocimiento de la sociedad en lo que respecta a los objetivos y las funciones de los Servicios de Inteligencia. La motivación común es que todos los actores sociales adquieran conciencia de que tienen un papel activo en la salvaguarda de la seguridad, y que solo la suma de esfuerzos puede garantizar la seguridad y la defensa de los valores democráticos y constitucionales compartidos. Los objetivos prioritarios serían, por tanto, dar a conocer la labor de los servicios de inteligencia, su funcionamiento, la vocación orgánica de servicio, la legislación que los regulan y su contribución fundamental para garantizar la seguridad del Estado. En definitiva, trasladar a la ciudadanía que la inteligencia es cosa de todos y que demanda complicidad y reconocimiento social.

Abstract
The doctrine largely identifies intelligence culture as a public awareness policy, which aims to improve society's understanding of the objectives and functions of the Intelligence Services. The common motivation is that all social actors become aware that they have an active role in safeguarding security, and that only the sum of efforts can guarantee security and the defense of shared democratic and constitutional values. The priority objectives would be, therefore, to publicize the work of the intelligence services, their operation, the organic vocation of service, the legislation that regulates it, and its fundamental contribution to guaranteeing the security of the State. In short, convey to the public that intelligence is everyone's business and that it demands complicity and social recognition.
Structure of the Crustal Magmatic System in the Geysers-Clear Lake Area (Northern California) Imaged by Adjoint-State Travel-Time Tomography
Authors: Qi Yingyu , Tong Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Clear Lake volcanic field (CLVF) in northern California powers the world’s largest geothermal power plant, the Geysers Geothermal Complex. Volcanic-type earthquakes, hot springs, and seepage of volcanic gas suggest possible volcanic eruptions in the future. In this study, we apply a recently developed adjoint-state travel-time tomography method to high-quality manually picked P- and S-wave travel-time data to create 3D crustal VP and VS models for the Geysers-Clear Lake area. The adjoint-state travel-time tomography method has advantages of computational efficiency, ease of parallel implementation, and high accuracy in dealing with complex media. Strong velocity heterogeneities are revealed in the Geysers-Clear Lake area and its surrounding regions. Within the overall high VP, high VS Coast Ranges, a low VP, low VS anomaly is imaged beneath Mount Hannah, which indicates the existence of a large magma chamber. Our tomographic results suggest a simplified three-layer magmatic model beneath the CLVF: the upper layer (&lt;7 km) consists of some intrusions of silicic magma from beneath Mount Hannah to the Geysers Geothermal Field in the southwest and to the Wilbur Springs area east of Clear Lake; the median layer includes the main body of the magma chamber at 5–13 km in depth and in the shape of an oblate ellipsoid; and the lower layer includes some mafic intrusions and molten or partially molten volcanic rocks from the upwelling mantle. The detailed velocity heterogeneities revealed by the newly picked travel-time data with the adjoint-state travel-time tomography method provide necessary constraints on seismogenic, volcanic, and geothermal processes in the Geysers-Clear Lake area, which are also useful for the mitigation of geologic hazards in northern California.
The Comic Development of Fairytale: The Adventures of Two Siblings as A Teaching Material for the Deutsche Literatur Course
Authors: Nikmah Nurlaili Khoirun , Retnantiti Sawitri 
Published: October 2022

The research and development aim to produce teaching material in the form of a comic entitled “Märchen: Die Abenteuer von zwei Geschwister“ to help students understand German literature. The development used in this research was the ADDIE model. Product has been validated by a media expert and a material expert and tested on 67 students taking the Deutsche Literature course. The research and development data were obtained from the questionnaires and observations as a research instrument and analyzed using the descriptive qualitative technique. This research showed that comic teaching material could motivated students to learning German literature and helped students to understand German literature, especially fairytales.
Literary Characteristics of High Middle Ages Germany in Die Nibelungen: Siegfried (1966) Film and Its Relevance to Learning in Literaturgescichte Course
Authors: Paramitha Aura Reandra , Bukhori Herri Akhmad 
Published: October 2022

The purposes of this study were to describe the literary characteristics of German Literature in High Middle Ages, the literary charactersistics through Die Nibelungen: Siegfried film and the relevance between the identified literary characteristics in the film and the learning in Literaturgeschichte course. The data sources of this study were Die Nibelungen: Siegfried film and various literatures. The datas were the literary characteristics from the film scenes and descriptions to elaborate the analysis further. Datas were acquired through documentation method and analyzed through content analysis. The results of this study indicated that the literary characteristics of German Literature in High Middle Ages are the emphasis in chivalrous acts and matters of courtly love in the literatures. A few scenes from the film also contained the two main literary characteristics. There were relevancies between research datas and learning in Literaturgeschichte course based on the CLO and topics found in the RPS. Keywords: literary characteristics, Hochmittelalter, Literaturgeschichte
Sentence Forming Errors Based on the Valence of German Verbs in Student Writing in the Aufsatz II Course
Authors: Avinda Brenda , Kurniawan Deddy 
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the form of sentence errors based on the verb valency in the student's essay in the Aufsatz II course and identify the factors that influence the students to make these kind of mistakes. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The data source of this research were the students of the German Literature Department, Universitas Negeri Malang class of 2017 Offering C. The data used in this research are sentence errors based on the verb valency found on the student’s essays and interview results. The results of this research indicate that: (1) Students made mistakes in writing sentences based on the verb valency, with the form of complements errors, such as of Nominativergänzung, Akkusativergänzung, Dativergänzung, Präpositivergänzung, Situativergänzung, Direktivergänzung, sentence errors with reflexive Verben, errors in adding sentence constituents, verb selection errors, and sentence without verb errors, (2) factors that cause those errors were difficulty in learning the German grammar, difficulty in determining the complements required by the verb, Indonesian interference, and rarely practice writing in German.
E-learning with the Application Google Classroom for German in Class X Students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jembrana Bali
Authors: Rahayu Chusnul Dwi , Retnantiti Sawitri 
Published: October 2022

The purpose behind this research is to find out e-learning using the application google classroom for German class X Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jembrana. Researchers used quantitative research methods using statistical techniques and questionnaire data collection with a sample of 26 students. The data of this study were analyzed using SPSS version 23 which is an indicator of the effectiveness of the use of the application google classroom (Variable X) at point number 8 which is 77.33 percent and the indicator of student response in the ease of accessing the application google classroom at points number 1 and 2 is 77.40 percent. As for the indicators of understanding of learning outcomes in items 9 and 11 of 60.80 percent and indicators of application of items 12 and 13 of 66.76 percent. The final result of this study shows the use of e-learning with google classroom for German in class X MAN 1 Jembrana, the value of the T-test is obtained P value (0.000 less than 0.05), then e-learning with google classroom is applied to German class X leads to improvement in grades.Keywords: e-learning with google classroom, learning outcomes, German
Application of Discovery Learning Model for Training German Vocabulary Mastery of Students of Class XI IBB SMA Negeri 1 Gondanglegi
Authors: Zamzamiyatna Rei Fida , Afifah Lilis 
Published: October 2022

This article explains the results of research that aimed to describe the application of the Discovery Learning model to practice students’ mastery of German vocabulary, especially in the “Wohnung” theme and to find out students' responses to the application of this model in learning German.This research used descriptive qualitative method, by which the researcher was the key instrument and the data were gathered using supporting instruments, namely observation sheets and questionnaire sheets. Furthermore, the data sources were 22 students of class XI IBB SMA Negeri 1 Gondanglegi. The results showes that the application of Discovery Learning model to train students' German vocabulary mastery worked successfully as planned. In addition, this learning model is able to make students think critically, creatively, collaboratively, and more actively during learning process. According to the students, this model is pleasurable because it makes them more motivated to learn German. Finally, they think that this model allows them to remember vocabulary related to the “Wohnung” theme easier.