bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of preoperative nutritional assessment in elderly patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy for stage I–III gastric cancer
Authors: Uehara Hideo , Ota Mitsuhiko , Yamamoto Manabu , Nakanoko Tomonori , Shin Yuki , Shiokawa Keiichi , Fujimoto Yoshiaki , Nakashima Yuichiro , Sugiyama Masahiko , Onishi Emi , Shimagaki Tomonari , Mano Yohei , Sugimachi Keishi , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Surgery for elderly patients with gastric cancer is becoming more common. However, the risk factors of the laparoscopic surgery for these patients are unknown, and thus it is difficult to determine appropriate treatments for such patients.
Methods: Two hundred twenty-two patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy for primary gastric cancer between January 2014 and December 2017 were enrolled. Clinical characteristics and short- and long-term prognoses were analyzed in 47 patients aged 75 years or older (elderly group) and in 175 patients who were under 75 years old (non-elderly group).
Results: The presence of comorbidities was more common in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (91.5% versus 61.7%, p<0.0001). The rate of postoperative complications in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the non-elderly group (42.6% vs 22.9%, p=0.01). The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (66.9% versus 92.2%; p<0.0001). In the elderly group, 5-year overall survival in patients with a low preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was significantly worse than that in patients with a high preoperative PNI (25.0% versus 80.9%; p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the PNI value was independently associated with overall survival in elderly patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy (p<0.05). In particular, the rate of non-cancer deaths after surgery in elderly patients was significantly higher than that in non-elderly patients (p<0.05).
Conclusion: PNI value is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in elderly patients who have undergone laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer; therefore, we need to determine not only its recurrence but also non-cancerous diseases in elderly patients with low PNI.
Proposed Methods for Sham-Controlled Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Trial in Surgical Facial Pain Patients
Authors: Blackwood Mallory , Strohman Andrew , White Justin , Witcher Mark 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Although several studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for pain relief in chronic orofacial pain disorders (COFP), significant variability in stimulation methodology and a lack of sham-controlled, double-blinded studies limit the conclusions which can be drawn from this literature.
Objective
To review the current literature on the use of TMS for COFP and propose an optimal, sham-controlled, double blinded randomized trial. Additionally, this study design is novel in its application of this treatment to a population of COFP patients whose pain can not be controlled pharmacologically during the vulnerable pre-surgical period.
Proposed Methods:
34 COFP patients with poor pain control who are awaiting neurosurgical intervention will be randomized evenly into either the sham or true TMS condition and receive 5 consecutive days of treatment. Each stimulation session will be a train of 100 20-Hz pulses once per minute for 10 minutes focused on the contra-lateral M1 Hand area, a protocol and target which showed the most promise in prior studies. The sham condition will be achieved by using a sham-capable TMS coil and replicating the scalp sensation of stimulation using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation electrodes toggled on or off by a single unblinded study coordinator. The primary outcome measure will be change in reported pain on the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SFMPQ), completed by participants at several timepoints. Change in SFMPQ composite scores over time between groups may be analyzed with a repeated ANOVA among other exploratory analyses.
Conclusion
These proposed methods represent the most rigorous investigation of TMS for COFP-related pain that the authors are aware of. By combining the use of a sham condition, double-blinding, and the most promising stimulation protocol according to current literature, the results of this study would yield near-definitive evidence of TMS efficacy. Additionally, such a study could inform whether the adoption of TMS as a pre-surgical intervention might provide pain relief in this especially vulnerable setting.
Body size and fin length as determinants in the geographic distribution of Loliginid squids
Authors: Ibanez Christian M. , Luna Amanda , Márquez Carolina , Torres Felipe I. , Sales Joao Bráullio L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMacroecological studies have mainly focused on exploring the relationships between body size and geographic distribution on large scales, whether regional, continental or even global, and most of them have been conducted on terrestrial species. Few studies have been conducted on aquatic species, and even fewer have considered the importance of phylogeny in the observed patterns. Cephalopod molluscs are a good model to tackle these problems given that they have large geographic and bathymetric ranges, a wide range of body sizes, as well as diverse fin sizes and shapes. Here, we evaluate the relationships between body and fin size with the geographic distribution of 30 squid species of the family Loliginidae distributed worldwide. To test a macroecological hypothesis, we evaluated the phylogenetic signal and correlated evolution of the three traits to assess the role of phylogenetic relationships in squid distribution using a molecular phylogeny based on two mitochondrial and one nuclear gene. The analyses showed the existence of a relationship between body size and geographic distribution. Similarly, relative fin size showed a positive relationship with distribution. Phylogenetic signals were high for morphological traits (body and fin size), while it was low for distribution. The geographic distribution of loliginid squids evolved in relation to body size, where larger squids with large fins (e.g. genusSepioteuthis) have wide distributions, while small-finned species (e.g. genusPickfordioteuthis) have narrow distributions. This study opens the gates to explore such relationships in other squid families or other marine swimming animals.
The effects of combined respiratory muscle and exercise training in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: yang shuhui , Zhanmei Zhang , Liu Yulin , Liu Enmei , LUO Zhengxiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective:To investigate the effects of combined respiratory muscle and exercise training on inspiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, lung function, asthma control the quality-of-life in children with asthma.
Design：randomisd trail
Methods:Fifty children with asthma, who were treated in XX hospital in Chongqing between May and December 2021, were selected and randomly divided into a rehabilitation group and a control group by using a random number table. The control group was given routine drug treatment and health education while the rehabilitation group received a combination of respiratory muscle and exercise training.
Results:After three months of treatment, the maximum inspiratory pressure, level of asthma control and quality-of-life in the rehabilitation group were significantly improved when compared with those in the control group (P＜0.05); there were no significant differences in the 6-minute walking test and lung function (P＞0.05). After three months of treatment, all outcome indicators in the rehabilitation group were significantly improved when compared to those before treatment (P＜0.05). The mean maximum inspiratory pressure and some indices of pulmonary function in the control group were significantly improved when compared to those before treatment (P＜0.05).
Conclusion: Combining respiratory muscle and exercise training significantly improved inspiratory muscle strength, the level of asthma control and the quality-of-life in children with asthma. More research is needed to explore its role in asthma in the future.
Trial registration：Chinese clinical trail registry, ChiCTR2100049173, Registered 24 July 2021 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx.
Microorganism profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection from a tertiary pediatrics hospital in Henan, China
Authors: Fang Panpan , Gao Kaijie , Sun Hongqi , Shan Zhiming , Yang Junmei , Wang Yingyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: To describe the distribution of urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens and their changes of antimicrobial resistance in the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, China.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study on inpatient with UTI from Jan 1, 2015 to Dec 31, 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by Kirby-Bauer automated systems, and results were interpreted using CLSI criteria.
Results: Totally 1,309 strains were isolated from 1,236 children with UTIs, the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (26.89%), followed by Enterococcus faecium (20.63%), Enterococcus faecalis (16.42%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.79%). The detection ratio of E. coli decreased significantly (31.00% vs 20.06%, P=0.03); The resistance rate of E. coli to ceftriaxone in 2018 was as high as 79.59%, E. coli was relatively sensitive to amikacin, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, and Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, the resistance rates to these drugs in 2020 were 6.45%, 11.29%, 3.23%, and 14.25 respectively; The resistance rate of Enterococcus to gentamicin of high concentrations changed statistically from 2015 to 2020 (P <0.05), the resistance rate of E. faecium was the highest in 2019, which was 56.60%, and that of E. faecalis was the highest in 2018, which was 33.33 %.
Conclusion: Our results showed that most isolates showed high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, the overall antimicrobial resistance rate was highest in 2017-2018 and showed a downward trend in 2019-2020. Individualized treatment plans should be formulated based on drug susceptibility test results to curb the spread and prevalence of resistant bacteria.
Nocardia abscessus bronchiolitis in a patient treated with corticosteroids
Authors: Cascarano Estelle , Frappa* Murielle , Degano Bruno , Pelloux Isabelle , Saint-Raymond Christel , Gheerbrant Hubert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nocardiosis is a disease that mainly affects immunocompromised patients. Inhaled corticosteroids are standard of care for asthma. This treatment can induce respiratory infections but no case of bronchiolitis nocardiosis have been described so far. A 58-year-old man, with a controlled moderate allergic asthma, started since two years coughing and having dyspnoea during efforts. Within two months, although inhaled corticosteroids were increased to high doses, symptoms worsened linked to a severe obstructive ventilatory disorder as pulmonary function tests (PFT) revealed. Small-scale lesions (< 10%) were found on chest computed tomography (CT). A bronchoalveolar lavage found Nocardia abscessus. After six months of Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim, PFT results improved and chest CT became completely normal. We therefore present the case of a bronchiolitis nocardiosis with several bronchial syndrome and the only immunosuppressive factor found are inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
Clinical SARS-CoV-2 Kinetic Profiles Are Dependent on the Viral Strain and Host Vaccination Status
Authors: Gunawardana Manjula , Cortez John , Breslin Jessica , Webster Simon , Rochman Nash , Anton Peter , Baum Marc 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 infection kinetics in a real-world, clinical setting represent a knowledge gap in understanding the underlying COVID-19 pathogenesis. There are scant reports on the dynamics describing the two principal components of the viral life cycle, namely the rapid proliferation and slower clearance phases. Here, we present results from an ongoing workplace clinical surveillance study where two vaccinated participants became infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1. lineage). The subjects were followed longitudinally at high temporal resolution allowing the kinetics of both viral phases to be characterized. The viral doubling times in the proliferation phase (3.3-3.5 h) and maximum measured viral loads were similar to those observed for unvaccinated individuals infected with an earlier SARS-CoV-2 strain. However, the clearance phase was much shorter in the current study and unexpectedly displayed a multimodal profile. Longitudinal whole genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing identified a stable mutation that arose in one of the participants over the 2-week period of positivity. Our small study provides a rare insight into the clinical SARS-CoV-2 dynamics holding significance to public health measures and the biology underlying COVID-19.
Evaluation of indoor environmental quality, personal cumulative exposure dose, and aerosol transmission risk levels inside urban buses in Dalian, China
Authors: Zhao Yu , Gu Chenmin , Song Xiaocheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The transmission of pollutants in buses has an important impact on personal exposure to airborne particles and spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in enclosed spaces. We conducted the following real-time field measurements inside buses: CO2, airborne particle concentration, temperature, and relative humidity data during peak and off-peak hours in spring and autumn. Correlation analysis was adopted to evaluate the dominant factors influencing CO2and particle mass concentrations in the vehicle. The cumulative personal exposure dose to particulate matter and reproduction number were calculated for passengers on a one-way trip. The results showed the in-cabin CO2concentrations, with 22.11% and 21.27% of the total time exceeding 1,000 ppm in spring and autumn respectively. In-cabin PM2.5 mass concentration exceeded 35 μm/m3 by 57.35% and 86.42% in spring and autumn, respectively. CO2 concentration and the cumulative number of passengers were approximately linearly correlated in both seasons, with R value up to 0.896. The cumulative number of passengers had the most impact on PM2.5 mass concentration among tested parameters. The cumulative personal exposure dose to PM2.5 during a one-way trip in autumn was up to 43.13 μg. The average reproductive number throughout the one-way trip was 0.26; it was 0.57 under the assumed extreme environment. The results of this study provide an important basic theoretical guidance for the optimization of ventilation system design and operation strategies aimed at reducing multi-pollutant integrated health exposure and airborne particle infection (such as SARS-CoV-2) risks.
What is the role of puberty in the development of islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes?
Authors: Peltonen Essi J. , Veijola Riitta , Ilonen Jorma , Knip Mikael , Niinikoski Harri , Toppari Jorma , Virtanen Helena E. , Virtanen Suvi M. , Peltonen Jaakko , Nevalainen Jaakko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In many populations, the peak period of incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been observed to be around 10–14 years of age, coinciding with puberty, but direct evidence of the role of puberty in the development of T1D is limited. We therefore aimed to investigate whether puberty and the timing of its onset are associated with the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and subsequent progression to T1D. A Finnish population-based cohort of children with HLA-DQB1-conferred susceptibility to T1D was followed from 7 years of age until 15 years of age or until a diagnosis of T1D (n = 6920). T1D-associated autoantibodies and growth were measured at 3- to 12-month intervals, and pubertal onset timing was assessed based on growth. The analyses used a three-state survival model. IA was defined as being either positive for islet cell antibodies plus at least one biochemical autoantibody (ICA + 1) or as being repeatedly positive for at least one biochemical autoantibody (BC1). During follow-up, 211 children (3.2% of those who were ICA + 1-defined IA-negative at 7 years) or 198 children (5.3%, BC1) developed IA, and 169 (31.9% or 25.6% of children observed to be ICA + 1 or BC1-defined IA-positive during follow-up, respectively) progressed to T1D. Puberty was associated with an increase in the risk of progression to T1D, but only from ICA + 1-defined IA (hazard ratio: 1.57; 95% confidence interval: 1.14, 2.16), and the timing of pubertal onset did not affect the association. No association between puberty and the risk of IA was detected. In conclusion, puberty may affect the risk of progression but is not a risk factor for IA.
Analytical solution for the extrusion deformation of the reinforced face in deep tunnel
Authors: Wang Zhilong , Xu Baiyang , Zhang Sheng , Liu Dagang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The stability of the tunnel face is an essential consideration in tunnel design. When it is not possible to maintain tunnel face stability under natural conditions, it is essential to intervene with extremely expensive reinforcing operations. Numerical models and simplified analytical models can be used to accomplish a detailed analysis of the stability conditions of the tunnel face. There are simplified analytical models for shallow tunnels, but there are few for deep tunnels. This work proposes a closed-form solution for the analysis of face extrusion deformation with reinforcement during full-face tunnel excavation based on the theory of spherical symmetry in homogeneous initial stress. It is worth noting that the proposed approach is both simple and applicable. It also provides a new mathematical concept for the design of fiberglass dowels and is useful for real engineering applications. The proposed model's accuracy and applicability are validated by comparing it with numerical simulation. The results show that with the increase of various parameters, the extrusion deformation decreases gradually, which reveals that improving the strength of the face plays a significant role in ensuring its stability. The comparison shows that the proposed model in this paper has higher accuracy for the squeezing tunnel. In addition, when the reinforcing radius RL increases, the extrusion deformation value of the tunnel face falls steadily. However, when RL increases, the relative control impact decreases. When the reinforcement radius RL increases, the extrusion deformation value and the influence of relative control of the tunnel face decreases. Thus, under the same reinforcement strength, there is a reasonable reinforcement radius range, which should be determined in combination with engineering safety and economy.
Response of Marine Microalgae Tetraselmis chuii to 5 Groups of Antibiotics
Authors: Keipour Sepideh , Mostafvi Pargol Ghavam , Rafiei Farnaz , Fatemi Seyyed Mohammad reza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments, as well as its effects on non-target organisms, has recently come to the attention of researchers. In the current study, three dosages (1, 0.5, and 0.25mg/L) of five antibiotic groups were tested on the marine green microalgae T. chuii: quinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins, macrolides, and sulfanamides. As stress biomarkers, cell density, dry biomass, specific growth rate, and chlorophyll content were calculated. Tetracyclines, penicilines, and sulfonamide in all doses inhibited algal growth. Among Quinolones, Ciprofloxacin and Enrofloxacin stimulated green algae growth at all tested dosages, whereas 1mg/l of Levofloxacin and Nalidilic acid inhibited it slightly while the other dosages stimulated it. Similar results were obtained for Macrolides: all three Erythromycin dosages were toxic to T.chuii, while 1mg/L was not. Similar results were obtained for Macrolides: all three Erythromycin dosages were toxic to T.chuii; while 1mg/L of Tylosin stimulated algal growth, lower dosages inhibited it. As a result, antibiotic pollution may alter the aquatic environment not only by reducing or inhibiting the growth of one species, but also by stimulating the growth of others, resulting in ecological imbalance and, as a result, the food chain. Using specific antibiotics in specific dosages in microalgae farms, on the other hand, could increase biomass while decreasing microbial contaminations.
Synthesis of a bifunctional metal-organic framework membrane for the removal of anionic and cationic heavy metals from wastewater
Authors: Cui Hao , Song Yi , Pan Jinjiang , Jiang Zhenmao , Wei Shiqiang , Li Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel adsorption composite composed of metal-organic frameworks with bifunctional groups of -NH2 and -COOH [UIO-66-NH2(-COOH)] loaded onto the fiberglass membrane labelled as F-MOFs-M was fabricated by a two-step method. This surface-modified composite could simultaneously capture both anionic and cationic heavy metal ions from wastewater, and the adsorption priority followed an order of SbO3−, CrO42−, AsO43−, Pb2+, and Ni2+. The adsorption capacity for AsO43−, CrO42−, SbO3−, Ni2+, and Pb2+ was 55 mg·g− 1, 189 mg·g− 1, 342 mg·g− 1, 16 mg·g− 1, and 133 mg·g− 1, respectively. It could be used for the quick removal of these toxic ions by withdrawing the membrane after adsorption. Additionally, the prepared F-MOFs-M provided an excellent stability in 7 days of continuous work, and could be easily regenerated and reused without significant decrease in removal performance even after 5 filtration cycles. The adsorption performances and their corresponding mechanisms were exploited by a series of advanced techniques. The MOF-derived materials loaded on membrane provide a new application scenario in the remediation of polluted water bodies.
Fibrocystin/Polyductin releases a C-terminal fragment that translocates into mitochondria and prevents cystogenesis
Authors: Walker Rebecca , Yao Qin , Xu Hangxue , Maranto Anthony , Swaney Kristen , Ramachandran Sreekumar , Li Rong , Polster Brian , Outeda-Garcia Patricia , Watnick Terry , Qian Feng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fibrocystin/Polyductin (FPC) is encoded by PKHD1 which, when mutated, causes autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). FPC’s function and its role in cystogenesis are unknown. We describe that endogenous FPC undergoes complex proteolytic processing, generating three small C-terminal fragments (ICDs), one of which (ICD15) contains a novel mitochondrial targeting sequence that directs its translocation into mitochondria. Pkhd1 inactivation leads to aberrant ultrastructural morphology of mitochondria in proximal tubules of developing kidneys. FPC inactivation enhances renal cystogenesis and causes severe pancreatic cystogenesis in a Pkd1 mouse mutant with blocked G protein‐coupled receptor proteolysis site (GPS) cleavage of the Pkd1-encoded Polycystin-1 protein. Deletion of the ICD15 region, encoded by exon 67, is sufficient to enhance renal cystogenesis but does not cause pancreatic cystogenesis. Our results connect FPC, a ciliary protein, directly to a mitochondrial signaling pathway whose perturbation is implicated in PKD pathogenesis.