bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influencing Factors of Breastfeeding for Full-Term Singleton Within Six Months of Birth in Xi'an Before the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuan Zhan-Wang , Ma Li , Ge Wen-Li , Li Xiao-Ying , Zhang Xiao-Qin , Zeng Jing-Jie , Yang Jun , Qu Peng-Fei 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe study is designed to understand the situation of full-term infants breastfeeding within 6 months of birth in Xi'an before the Covid-19 pandemic and analyze the influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding.MethodsFive hospitals in Xi'an province have been selected as research centers. Full-term infants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited from these centers between January 1 and February 28, 2019. The feeding situation at 10 days, 42 days, 3 months, and 6 months after birth were investigated. A self-designed breastfeeding questionnaire was used for investigation and follow-up. SPSS 22.0 was applied for statistical analysis of the data.ResultsThe exclusive breastfeeding rate of full-term infants on days 10 and 42 and at months three and six after birth was 61.38%, 54.78%, 48.83%, and 38.78%, respectively, with a decreasing trend over time. During breastfeeding within 48 h after delivery, 1,653 cases (91.83%) of puerpera had different grades of pain, including 1,325 cases (80.16%) of mild discomfort, 321 cases (19.42%) of moderate pain, and seven cases (0.42%) of severe pain. Within 24–48 h postpartum, 1,607 (89.27%) mothers faced problems related to postpartum breastfeeding. Among them, 694 (43,19%) neonates could not be fed effectively; 665 (41.38%) mothers had wound pain and had inconvenience to turn over; 598 (37.21%) neonates were difficult to wake up; 439 (27.32%) mothers had incorrect feeding posture; 181 (11.26%) mothers experienced other problems. The Cox risk regression model showed that weight gain during pregnancy was higher than the recommended standard. Living in suburban counties was a risk factor of exclusive breastfeeding for full-term infants. Participation in breastfeeding courses during pregnancy, feeding more than eight times daily after delivery, were the protective factors of exclusive breastfeeding for full-term infants.ConclusionThe body weight gain of parturients should be controlled within a reasonable range during pregnancy. Parturients were encouraged by medical staff to participate in breastfeeding courses or watch the breastfeeding process during pregnancy to increase their self-confidence and improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for full-term infants. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of breastfeeding in suburban areas to promote breastfeeding.
Adolescents' Utilization of a Tertiary-Level Pediatric Emergency Department in Italy
Authors: Cozzi Giorgio , Passaglia Lisa , Agrusti Anna , Giangreco Manuela , Giorgi Rita , Barbi Egidio 
Published: March 2022

AimDescribe the use of the emergency department of a tertiary-level children's hospital in Italy by adolescents.MethodsThis retrospective study was based on the medical records of patients aged 13 to 17 years, who accessed the emergency department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health of Trieste, from 1 January to 31 December 2018. The primary outcome was to describe the leading causes of access, diagnoses, rate of hospitalization, and ward of destination among adolescent patients.ResultsDuring the study period, 24,599 patients accessed the department. Among them, 3,062 were adolescents, for a total of 3,895 unscheduled visits. The principal causes of access were trauma (45.3%) and organic diseases (38.8%). Two hundred and forty nine adolescents (6.4%) had mental health problems. One hundred and forty two adolescents (3.6%) Were Admitted to the Hospital, 54 of Whom (38%) to the Neuropsychiatric Ward, for Mental Health Problems.ConclusionsAmong adolescents seen in this Italian tertiary-level children's hospital, mental health problems represented a small proportion of emergency department visits but were the leading cause of urgent hospitalization.
Evaluation of Clinical Findings and Treatment Results of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Tolunay Orkun , Çelik Ümit , Arslan Ilknur , Tutun Bugra , Özkaya Merve 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate the clinical findings and treatment results of COVID-19 in pediatric cancer patients.Study designThe study was designed as a single-center retrospective observational study. Pediatric cancer patients with COVID-19 admitted to the University of Health Sciences Adana City Training and Research Hospital pediatric COVID wards from October 2020 to October 2021 were included. Clinical data and demographic characteristics were retrieved from patient files.ResultsA total of 45 pediatric cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 8.68 ± 5.16 years (range 1.5–17.5), 62.2% were men, 37.8% were Turkish citizens, and 62.2% were Syrian refugees. A total of 41 patients (91.1%) had leukemia/lymphoma, while 4 (8.9%) had solid tumors. The most common symptoms were fever (66.7%), respiratory (35.6%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (17.8%). Disease severity was evaluated as mild in 46.7%, moderate in 44.4%, and severe in 8.9% of patients. Patients presented with lymphopenia (88.9%), thrombocytopenia (73.3%), anemia (71.1%), and neutropenia (62.2%). Mean hospital length of stay was 15.18 ± 10.34 (range 6–62) days overall and 9.5 ± 2.39 (range 2 to 28) days in the PICU. Intensive care unit admission rate was 8.9%, and mortality rate was 4.4%. Median viral shedding period was 21 days (range 7–52).ConclusionsOur study reveals that the mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and the need for intensive care of pediatric cancer patients with COVID-19 are higher than those of healthy children. Prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further evaluate the clinical findings and treatment results of COVID-19 in pediatric cancer patients.
Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Does Not Alter Exercise Efficiency at High Altitude – Further Results From the Xtreme Alps Study
Authors: Hennis Philip J. , Cumpstey Andrew F. , O’Doherty Alasdair F. , Fernandez Bernadette O. , Gilbert-Kawai Edward T. , Mitchell Kay , Moyses Helen , Cobb Alexandra , Meale Paula , Pöhnl Helmut , Mythen Monty G. , Grocott Michael P. W. , Levett Denny Z. H. , Martin Daniel S. , Feelisch Martin ,   The Xtreme Alps Research Group
Published: March 2022

IntroductionNitrate supplementation in the form of beetroot juice (BRJ) ingestion has been shown to improve exercise tolerance during acute hypoxia, but its effect on exercise physiology remains unstudied during sustained terrestrial high altitude exposure. We hypothesized that performing exercise at high altitude would lower circulating nitrate and nitrite levels and that BRJ ingestion would reverse this phenomenon while concomitantly improving key determinants of aerobic exercise performance.MethodsTwenty seven healthy volunteers (21 male) underwent a series of exercise tests at sea level (SL, London, 75 m) and again after 5–8 days at high altitude (HA, Capanna Regina Margherita or “Margherita Hut,” 4,559 m). Using a double-blind protocol, participants were randomized to consume a beetroot/fruit juice beverage (three doses per day) with high levels of nitrate (∼0.18 mmol/kg/day) or a nitrate-depleted placebo (∼11.5 μmoles/kg/day) control drink, from 3 days prior to the exercise trials until completion. Submaximal constant work rate cycle tests were performed to determine exercise efficiency and a maximal incremental ramp exercise test was undertaken to measure aerobic capacity, using breath-by-breath pulmonary gas exchange measurements throughout. Concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and nitrosation products were quantified in plasma samples collected at 5 timepoints during the constant work rate tests. Linear mixed modeling was used to analyze data.ResultsAt both SL and HA, plasma nitrate concentrations were elevated in the nitrate supplementation group compared to placebo (P &lt; 0.001) but did not change throughout increasing exercise work rate. Delta exercise efficiency was not altered by altitude exposure (P = 0.072) or nitrate supplementation (P = 0.836). V̇O2peak decreased by 24% at high altitude (P &lt; 0.001) and was lower in the nitrate-supplemented group at both sea level and high altitude compared to placebo (P = 0.041). Dietary nitrate supplementation did not alter other peak exercise variables or oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold. Circulating nitrite and S-nitrosothiol levels unexpectedly rose in a few individuals right after cessation of exercise at high altitude.ConclusionWhilst regularly consumed during an 8 days expedition to terrestrial high altitude, nitrate supplementation did not alter exercise efficiency and other exercise physiological variables, except decreasing V̇O2peak. These results and those of others question the practical utility of BRJ consumption during prolonged altitude exposure.
Perceived Concerns and Psychological Distress of Healthcare Workers Facing Three Early Stages of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Richaud María Cristina , Eidman Leandro , Vargas Rubilar Jael , Lemos Viviana , Mesurado Belén , Klos María Carolina , Rodriguez de Behrends Marisa , Muzio Rubén N. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThis study analyzed the difference in psychological distress of the healthcare workers in three different periods of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Argentina. Specifically, from the third week of the mandatory quarantine through the two following weeks.MethodsAnalysis of the responses of 1,458 members of the health personnel was done on a questionnaire on healthcare workers concerns regarding the care of patients with coronavirus, indicators of depression, anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and coping.ResultsThe psychological indicators that were considered presented differences between the evaluated periods. Perceived concerns about the possibility of infecting loved ones and infecting themselves were greatest in the periods after the onset of the pandemic. In addition, the perception of how the work environment worsened and how lack of sleep interfered with their work was also higher in periods 2 and 3. The same results were found in the indicators of depression, anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty. Finally, the indicators of high tension and concurrent lack of emotional control, which was greater in the last periods evaluated, were also expressed in the coping strategies (showing emotional lability, only contained by hypercontrol).ConclusionThe differences found in the psychological indicators between the evaluated periods support the need for early psychological care of health personnel which should be a priority of public health and a fundamental fact to increase its immediate effectiveness in the care of infected patients.
A Wideband Bear-Shaped Compact Size Implantable Antenna for In-Body Communications
Authors: Ahmad Sarosh , Manzoor Bilal , Paracha Kashif Nisar , Haider Sajjad , Liaqat Maryam , Al-Gburi Ahmed Jamal Abdullah , Ghaffar Adnan , Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Dalarsson Mariana 
Published: March 2022

Biomedical implantable antennas play a vital role in medical telemetry applications. These types of biomedical implantable devices are very helpful in improving and monitoring patients’ living situations on a daily basis. In the present paper, a miniaturized footprint, thin-profile bear-shaped in-body antenna operational at 915 MHz in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band is proposed. The design is a straightforward bear-shaped truncated patch excited by a 50-Ω coaxial probe. The radiator is made up of two circular slots and one rectangular slot at the feet of the patch, and the ground plane is sotted to achieve a broadsided directional radiation pattern, imprinted on a Duroid RT5880 roger substrate with a typical 0.254-mm thickness ( ϵr = 2.2, tan δ = 0.0009). The stated antenna has a complete size of 7 mm × 7 mm × 0.254 mm and, in terms of guided wavelength, of 0.027λg × 0.027λg × 0.0011λg. When operating inside skin tissues, the antenna covers a measured bandwidth from 0.86 GHz to 1.08 GHz (220 MHz). The simulations and experimental outcomes of the stated design are in proper contract. The obtained results show that the calculated specific absorption rate (SAR) values inside skin of over 1 g of mass tissue is 8.22 W/kg. The stated SAR values are lower than the limitations of the federal communications commission (FCC). Thus, the proposed miniaturized antenna is an ultimate applicant for in-body communications.
Mid-Infrared Sensor Based on Dirac Semimetal Coupling Structure
Authors: Zou Yuxiao , Liu Ying , Song Guofeng 
Published: March 2022

A multilayer structure based on Dirac semimetals is investigated, where long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) of a dielectric layer/Dirac semimetal/dielectric layer are coupled with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on graphene to substantially improve the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift of Dirac semimetals in the mid-infrared band. This has important implications for the study of mid-infrared sensors. We studied the reflection coefficient and phase of this multilayer structure using a generalized transport matrix. We established that subtle changes in the refractive index of the sensing medium and the Fermi energy of the Dirac semimetal significantly affected the GH shift. Our numerical simulations show that the sensitivity of the coupling structure is more than 2.7×107 λ/RIU, which can be used as a potential new sensor application. The novelty of this work is the design of a tunable, highly sensitive, and simple structured mid-infrared sensor that takes advantage of the excellent properties of Dirac semimetals.
Implikasi Penyelesaian Perkara Anak Pelaku Penyalahguna Narkotika melalui Mekanisme Diversi dalam Perspektif Perlindungan Anak
Authors: Nurkholis Nurkholis , Makarao M Taofik , Mamang Damrah 
Published: March 2022

In general, the definition of diversion is the transition of settlement of child cases from criminal justice processes to processes outside criminal justice. In which, the diversion processes will apply a restorative justice approach as the goal of punishment in handling cases of child drug abusers. Nowdays, punishment is not the best solution for children. Imposing imprisonment for children who commit narcotics offenses becomes lame when Law Number 11 of 2012 Concerning the Child Criminal Justice System and Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, which emphasizes the rehabilitation process for addicts and narcotics abusers, are not implemented by the authorities. law enforcer. In addition, this thesis discusses and describes the factors that cause children to abuse narcotics, law enforcement against children of narcotics abusers through diversion mechanisms, and their implications for solving cases of children who abuse narcotics from a child protection perspective. This research is a normative juridical study, where the author examines the law which is then linked to the extent to which these regulations are applied and applicable in society. The results of this study reveal the factors that cause children to become offenders of narcotics crimes, which consist of internal and external factors, then law enforcement against children of narcotics abusers through a diversion mechanism must be carried out at all levels of the legal process both at the Pre-Adjudication, Adjudication, and Post Adjudication stages. This is in accordance with the Philosophy of Child Criminal Justice, which is to realize children's welfare and avoidance of retaliation, and its implications for the settlement of cases of children who abuse narcotics from a child protection perspective in 2 Decisions
Number 53/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PN.Jkt.Brt, and Decision Number 47/Pid.Sus-Anak/2017/PN.Jkt.Brt, the fact is that no evidence has been found that diversion has been attempted, even though in the trial process the reference is made for the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Whereas in a case that is almost similar through the Surabaya District Court Decision Number 111/Pid.Sus-Anak/2014/PN.Sby successfully attempted by diversion, so that differences in decisions or decisions can result in legal uncertainty and harm the interests, welfare and protection of children.
Prevention of Recurrent Respiratory Diseases in Children with Microaspiration Syndrome
Authors: Ильченко С.И. , Фиалковская А.А. , Можейко Т.В. 
Published: March 2022

Цель. Изучить эффективность применения респираторного (для верхних дыхательных путей) пробиотика Бактоблис (Streptococcus salivarius K12) для профилактики рекуррентных респираторных заболеваний у детей с синдромом микроаспирации.Материалы и методы. Изучены и проанализированы клинические и бактериологические данные до и после применения респираторного пробиотика в группе детей с микроаспирационным синдромом, имеющих в анамнезе рекуррентные респираторные заболевания.Результаты и обсуждение. Применение пробиотика Бактоблис (Streptococcus salivarius K12) у детей с микроаспирационным синдромом оказало выраженный положительный эффект на микробиом слизистых оболочек верхних дыхательных путей; уменьшилась частота респираторных заболеваний и их продолжительность.Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможности применения Бактоблис (Streptococcus salivarius K12) у детей с синдромом микроаспирации для профилактики рекуррентных инфекций респираторного тракта.
Purpose. To study the effectiveness of respiratory probiotic Bactoblis (Streptococcus salivarius K12) for prevention of recurrent respiratory diseases in children with microaspiration syndrome.Materials and methods. Clinical and bacteriological data were studied and analyzed before and after use of respiratory probiotic in groups of children with microaspiration syndromes, who have a history of recurrent respiratory diseases.Results and discussion. The use of the probiotic Bactoblis (Streptococcus salivarius K12) in children with microaspiration syndrome had a pronounced positive effect on the microbiome of the up- per respiratory tract, which was characterized by decrease of the frequency and duration of acute respiratory diseases.Conclusion. The results indicate the possibility of using Bactoblis (Streptococcus salivarius K12) in children with microaspiration syndrome for prevention of recurrent respiratory diseases.
Prospective Study of Prognostic Effectiveness of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Authors: Хоружик С.А. , Жаврид Э.А. 
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования – определить эффективность МРТ с диффузионно-взвешенным исследованием (МРТ-ДВИ) при прогнозировании степени регрессии опухолей и выжива-емости пациентов с различными морфологическими вариантами неходжкинских лимфом (НХЛ). В исследование включены 103 пациента, которым выполнили МРТ-ДВИ всего тела до начала и после завершения химиотерапии (ХТ), МРТ-ДВИ целевых поражений – после 1-го, перед и после 2-го курсов ХТ. Установлено, что количественные показатели МРТ-ДВИ – измеряемый коэффициент диффузии (ИКД) и размер целевых поражений – до начала лечения и их изменение после 1-го курса ХТ прогнозируют степень регрессии опухолей после завершения ХТ и выживаемость пациентов. Определены наиболее эффективные прогности-ческие показатели при агрессивных, индолентных НХЛ и диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфоме (ДВКЛ). Прогностическая эффективность количественных показателей МРТ-ДВИ выше, чем исследованных клинических показателей (стадия, агрессивность, поражение костного мозга). На основе сочетания показателей размера целевых поражений до начала лечения и изменения ИКД после 1-го курса ХТ пациенты разделены на три группы прогноза (хороший, промежуточный и плохой). При всех НХЛ 5-летняя общая выживаемость в группах хорошего, промежуточного и плохого прогноза составила 95, 79 и 57% соответственно (р=0,008), при агрессивных НХЛ – 93, 78 и 52% (р=0,005), при ДВКЛ – 88, 80 и 50% (р=0,037) соответственно.
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of diffusion-weighted MRI (MRI-DWI) in predicting tumor response and survival of patients with different morphological variants of non- Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). The study included 103 patients, who underwent whole body MRI-DWI before and after completion of chemotherapy (ChT), target lesions MRI-DWI after the 1st, before and after the 2nd courses of ChT. It was found that the quantitative parameters of MRI-DWI such as apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the size of the target lesions before the start of treatment and their change after the 1st course of ChT predict tumor response after the completion of ChT and patient survival. The most effective prognostic parameters for aggressive, indolent NHL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were determined. The predictive efficiency of MRI-DWI is higher than that of the studied clinical parameters (stage, aggressiveness, bone marrow involvement). By combining the size of the target lesions before the start of treatment and change of ADC after the 1st course of ChT, the patients were divided into three prognosis groups. In all NHL, the 5-year overall survival in the groups of good, intermediate, and poor prognosis was 95, 79 and 57%, respectively (p=0.008); in aggressive NHL – 93, 78 and 52% (p=0.005); in DLBCL – 88, 80 and 50% (p=0.037).