bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exceptional Properties of Hyper-resistant Armor of a Hydrothermal Vent Crab
Authors: Cho Boongho , Kim Dongsung , Kim Taewon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Animals living in extreme environments, such as hydrothermal vents, would be expected to have evolved protective shells or exoskeletons to maintain homeostasis. The outer part of the exoskeleton of vent crabs (Austinograea sp.) in the Indian Ocean hydrothermal vent was one of the hardest (approximately 7 GPa) biological materials ever reported. To explore the exoskeletal characteristics of vent crabs which enable them to adapt to severe environments, a comparative analysis was conducted with the Asian paddle crab (Charybdis japonica) living in coastal areas. Nanoindentation, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the mechanical properties, thermal stability, structure, surface components, and the composition of compounds, respectively. Though both species have four-layered exoskeletons, the outermost layer of the vent crab, granular structure, was much thicker than that of the coastal crab. The proportions of aluminum and sulfur that constitute the epicuticle of the exoskeleton were higher in the vent crab than in the coastal crab. And there were no carotenoid-based compounds in the exoskeleton of the vent crab. These might have improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the hydrothermal species.
Catastrophic health expenditure among Chinese adults living alone with cognitive impairment: a national cohort study
Authors: Li Chenxi , Jin Shuyi , Cao Xingqi , Han Ling , Sun Ning , Allore Heather , Hoogendijk Emiel O. , Xu Xin , Feng Qiushi , Liu Xiaoting , Liu Zuyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Catastrophic health expenditure of older adults has serious consequences; however, whether cognitive status and living situation contribute to such financial burden is uncertain. Our aim was to compare the differences in catastrophic health expenditure between adults living alone with cognitive impairment and those living with others and with normal cognition.Methods: We identified 909 observations of participants living alone with cognitive impairment (cases) and 37432 observations of participants living with others and with normal cognition (comparators) from the 2011/2012, 2013, 2015 and 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). We used propensity score matching (1:2) to create matched cases and compartors used in a covariate adjusted logistic regression. Catastrophic health expenditure was defined out-of-pocket cost for healthcare ≥ 40% of a household’s capacity to pay.Results: In comparison with participants living with others and with normal cognition, those living alone with cognitive impairment reported a higher percentage of catastrophic health expenditure (19.5% vs. 11.8%, P<0.001). When controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, residence status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and disease counts, we found that this subpopulation had significantly higher odds of having catastrophic health expenditure (odds ratio [OR] = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40, 2.56). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results.Conclusions: For the first time, this study reveals that Chinese adults living alone with cognitive impairment experience a higher burden of catastrophic health expenditure. Healthcare policies on social health insurance and medical assistance should consider these vulnerable adults.
Conservative surgery with microwave ablation for recurrent bone tumor in the extremities: a single-center study
Authors: Zheng Kai , Yu Xiu-chun , Xu Ming , Wang Jing-ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Surgical treatment for recurrent bone tumors in the extremities still presents a challenge. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical value of microwave ablation in the treatment of recurrent bone tumors.Methods: We present 15 patients who underwent microwave ablation for recurrent bone tumors during the last 7 years. The following parameters were analyzed for outcome evaluation: general condition, surgical complications, local disease control, overall survival, and functional score measured using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) 93 scoring system. Results: Percutaneous microwave ablation in one patient with osteoid osteoma and another with bone metastasis resulted in postoperative pain relief. Thirteen patients received intraoperative microwave ablation before curettage or resection, including those with giant cell tumors of bone (6), chondroblastoma (2), osteosarcoma (2), undifferentiated sarcoma (1), and bone metastases (2). All patients achieved reasonable local tumor control in the mean follow-up of 29.9 months. The functional score was 24.1 for the 15 patients 6 months after the operation. Four patients had tumor metastasis and died, whereas 3 patients with tumors survived, and the remaining 8 patients without the disease survived. Conclusions: Microwave ablation represents an optional method for local control in treating recurrent bone tumors in the extremities.
Vulnerability of physical infrastructure network components to damage from the 2015 Illapel tsunami, Coquimbo, Chile
Authors: Williams James Hilton , Paulik Ryan , Aránguiz Rafael , Wild Alec 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This study presents physical infrastructure network component vulnerability during the 2015 Illapel tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile. We analyse road and utility pole vulnerability to damage, based on interpolated and simulated tsunami hazard intensity (depth, velocity and hydrodynamic force) and network component characteristics. A Random Forest Model and Spearman’s Rank correlation test are applied to analyse variable importance and monotonic relationships, with respect to damage, between tsunami hazards and network component attributes. These models and tests reveal that flow depth correlates higher with damage, relative to flow velocity and hydrodynamic force. Scour (for roads and utility poles) and debris strikes (for utility poles) are strongly correlated with damage A cumulative link model methodology is used to develop fragility curves. the fragility curves reveal that, in response to flow depth, Coquimbo roads have higher vulnerability than those analysed in previous tsunami event studies, while utility poles demonstrate lower vulnerability than with previous studies. Although we identify flow depth as the most important hydrodynamic hazard intensity metric, for causing road and utility pole physical damage, fragility curves representing multiple hazard intensities provide a holistic suite for analysing physical infrastructure network component damage and disruption for future tsunami events.
Effects of pre-pulse current on Ne-like Ar laser at 72.6 nm excited by capillary discharge
Authors: Bai Yunsong , Zhao Yongpeng , An Bo , Zhao Dongdi , Cui Huaiyu , Li Lei , Li Jiaqi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
At present, research on the capillary discharge plasma Ne-like Ar 72.6 nm laser is insufficient, and additional experimental studies are supposed to determine the experimental parameters of the laser. Thus the effects of the pre-pulse current and the delay time between pre-pulse and main-pulse on the 72.6 nm laser are investigated in this paper. We employed 3.2 mm inner diameter capillaries with 35 cm and 45 cm lengths in the experiment. The experiment was conducted with the main-pulse current amplitude of 17.5 kA, the initial Ar pressure of 14-21 Pa, the pre-pulse and main-pulse delay time of 3.5-54.5 µs, and the pre-pulse current amplitude of 9.0-66.8 A. The intensity of the 72.6 nm laser was measured with different experimental parameters. The experimental results indicate that the intensity of 72.6 nm laser is maximum with the initial Ar pressure of 16 Pa, the pre-pulse and main-pulse delay time of 20 µs, and the pre-pulse current amplitude of 18.4 A in the 45 cm long capillary.
Routine bacterial culture of proximal bone specimens during minor amputation in patients with diabetes-related foot infections has little clinical utility in predicting re-operation or ulcer healing
Authors: Voon Kimberly , Vo Uyen G , Hand Robert , Hiew Jonathan , Ritter Jens Carsten , Hamilton Emma , Manning Laurens 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTrans-phalangeal and trans-metatarsal amputation, collectively termed ‘minor amputations’ are important procedures for managing infections of diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU). Following minor amputation, international guidelines recommend a prolonged course of antibiotics if residual infected bone on intra-operative bone samples are identified, but the quality of the evidence underpinning these guidelines is low. In this study, we examined the concordance of microbiological results from proximal bone cultures compared to results from superficial wound swabs, in relation to patient outcomes.MethodsData was retrospectively collected on 144 individuals who underwent minor amputations for infected DFU at a large Australian tertiary hospital. Concordance was identified for patients with both superficial wound swabs and intra-operative bone samples available. Patient outcomes were monitored up to six months post-amputation. The primary outcome was complete healing at six months; and secondary outcome measures included further surgery and death.Results. A moderate-high degree of concordance was observed between microbiological samples, with 38/111 (35%) of patients having discordant wound swab and bone sample microbiology. Discordant results were not associated with adverse outcomes (67.2% with concordant results achieved complete healing compared with 68.6% patients with discordant results; P = 0.89). Revascularisation during admission (0.37 [0.13–0.96], P = 0.04) and amputation of the 5th ray (0.45 [0.21–0.94], P = 0.03) were independent risk factors for non-healing.ConclusionThere was a moderate-high degree of concordance between superficial wound swab results and intra-operative bone sample microbiology in this patient cohort. Discordance was not associated with adverse outcomes. These results suggest there is little clinical utility in routinely collecting proximal bone as an adjunct to routine wound swabs for culture during minor amputation for an infected DFU.
Determinants of continuing mental health service use among older persons diagnosed with depressive disorders in general hospitals: latent class analysis and GEE
Authors: Mulalint Thida , Seeherunwong Acharaporn , Wanitkun Napaporn , Tongsai Sasima 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Prevalence of depression in older persons was a leading cause of disability. This group has the lowest access to service and retention in care compared to other age groups. This study aimed to explore continuing mental health service use and examined the predictive power of the mental health service delivery system and individual factors on mental health service use among older persons diagnosed with depressive disorders.
Methods
We employed an analytic cross-sectional study design of individual and organizational variables in 12 general hospitals selected using multi-stratified sampling. There were 3 clusters comprising community hospitals, advanced and standard hospitals, and university hospitals. Participants in each group were 150 persons selected by purposive sampling. We included older persons with a first or recurring diagnosis of a depressive disorder in the last 6 to 12 months of the data collection date. Data at the individual level included socio-demographic characteristics, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Attitude toward Depression and its treatment, and perceived social support. Data at the organizational level had hospital level, nurse competency, nurse-patient ratio, and appointment reminders. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square test, latent class analysis (LCA), and marginal logistic regression model using generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used to analyze the data.
Results
The continuing mental health service use among older persons diagnosed with depressive disorders was 54%. The latent class analysis of four variables in the mental health services delivery organization yielded distinct and interpretable findings in two groups: high and low resource organization. The marginal logistic multivariable regression model using GEE found that organizational group and attitude toward depression and its treatment were significantly associated with mental health service use (p-value = 0.046; p-value = 0.003).
Conclusions
The findings suggest that improving continuing mental health services use in older persons diagnosed with depressive disorders should emphasize specialty resources of the mental health services delivery system and attitude toward depression and its treatment.
Effect of Cytosorb Coupled With Hemodialysis on Interleukin-6 and Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients With Systemic Inflammatory Response Sindrome: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Persic Vanja , Jerman Alexander , Vrecko Marija Malgaj , Berden Jernej , Gorjup Vojka , Stecher Adela , Lukic Milica , Jereb Matjaz , Stupica Gordana Taleska , Gubensek Jakob 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a complex pathophysiologic response to several hostile stimuli. The excessive release of cytokines during SIRS often leads to a cytokine storm causing refractory hypotension and ultimately multiple organ failure with high mortality. Cytokine removal with hemoadsorption has emerged as a possible adjuvant therapy, but data on IL-6 reduction and clinical outcomes are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CytoSorb hemoadsorption on laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes in shocked patients with SIRS. Methods. We designed a retrospective analysis of all patients with SIRS treated with CytoSorb in intensive care units. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), hemodynamic parameters (mean arterial pressure – MAP and vasoactive inotropic score - VIS), pH and lactate levels at the beginning, after 6h, 12h, 24h and 48h of CytoSorb treatment were analyzed in the whole cohort and in a subgroup of patients with septic shock. Predicted and observed mortality rates were compared using Chi-squared test. Statistical significance was defined as p <0.05 and <0.012 in multiple comparisons where a Bonferroni correction was applied.Results. After screening 147 patients, we included 118 patients with various etiologies of SIRS (septic shock 69%, SIRS after cardiac arrest 16%, SIRS after acute pancreatitis 6%, other 9%). In all but one patient CytoSorb was coupled with renal replacement therapy. During the observed period of 48 hours, a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 levels, increase in pH, increase in MAP and decrease in VIS was observed already from 6h onward. Reduction of lactate levels became statistically significant at 48 hours. In a subgroup of patients with septic shock, the results were similar, and PCT levels did decreased after 24 hours. Observed ICU and in-hospital mortalities in the whole group were lower than predicted by SOFA (61% vs 79%, p=0.005) and APACHE II (64% vs 78%, p=0.031). There were no serious complications attributed to CytoSorb treatment.Conclusions. Hemoadsorption with CytoSorb used in patients with SIRS of different etiologies was associated with a rapid decrease in IL-6 and hemodynamic improvement, with improved observed vs. predicted survival. These results need to be confirmed in a randomized study.
A 2A adenosine receptor activation prevents neutrophil aging and promotes polarization from N1 towards N2 phenotype
Authors: Lovászi Marianna , Németh Zoltán H , Pacher Pál , Wagener Gebhard , Haskó György 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Extracellular adenosine is a biologically active signaling molecule that accumulates at sites of metabolic stress in sepsis. Extracellular adenosine has potent immunosuppressive effects by binding to and activating G protein-coupled A2A adenosine receptors (A2AARs) on the surface of neutrophils. A2AAR signaling reproduces many of the phenotypic changes in neutrophils that are characteristic of sepsis, including decreased degranulation, impaired chemotaxis, and diminished ability to ingest and kill bacteria. We hypothesized that A2AARs also suppress neutrophil aging, which precedes cell death, and N1 to N2 polarization. Using human neutrophils isolated from healthy subjects we demonstrate that A2AAR stimulation slows neutrophil aging, suppresses cell death and promoted the polarization of neutrophils from an N1 to N2 phenotype. Using genetic knockout and pharmacological blockade, we confirmed that A2AARs decrease neutrophil aging in murine sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. A2AARs expression is increased in neutrophils from septic patients compared to healthy subject but A2AAR expression fails to correlate with aging or N1/N2 polarization. Our data reveals that A2AARs regulate neutrophil aging in healthy but not septic neutrophils.
KIF4A promotes genomic stability and progression of endometrial cancer through regulation of TPX2 protein degradation
Authors: Zhang Jun , An Lanfen , Yu Zhicheng , Zhao Rong , Shi Rui , Zhou Xing , Wei Sitian , Zhang Qi , Zhang Tangansu , Feng Dilu , Chen Shuaijun , Wang Hongbo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) belongs to the kinesin superfamily proteins, which are closely associated with mitophagy. However, the role of KIF4A in endometrial cancer (EC) remains poorly characterized. Here, we aimed to explore the function and regulatory mechanisms of KIF4A in EC.
Methods
The expression of KIF4A was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation, and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining assays. Flow cytometry was performed using annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) to identify apoptotic cells and PI staining to analyze the cell cycle. RNA-seq, coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and western blotting were performed to explore the underlying mechanism.
Results
In this study, we demonstrated that KIF4A was upregulated and predicted a poor prognosis in patients with EC. KIF4A knockdown in EC cells resulted in attenuated proliferative capacity and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by increased DNA damage. Mechanistic investigations indicated that KIF4A knockdown exacerbated DNA damage repair and response by regulating the stability of the spindle assembly factor TPX2.
Conclusions
KIF4A promotes genomic stability and progression of endometrial cancer through regulation of TPX2 protein degradation. KIF4A may serve as a promising therapeutic target for endometrial cancer
Genomic Regions Associated with Resistance to Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) under Field Conditions in Soybean Germplasm Accessions from Japan, Indonesia and Vietnam
Authors: Walker David R. , McDonald Samuel C. , Harris Donna K. , Boerma H. Roger , Buck James W. , Sikora Edward J. , Weaver David B. , Wright David L. , Marois James J. , Li Zenglu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most important foliar diseases of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Although seven Rpp resistance gene loci have been reported, extensive pathotype variation in and among fungal populations increases the importance of identifying additional genes and loci associated with rust resistance. One hundred and ninety-one soybean plant introductions from Japan, Indonesia and Vietnam, and 65 plant introductions from other countries were screened for resistance to P. pachyrhizi under field conditions in the southeastern United States between 2008 and 2015. The results indicated that 84%, 69%, and 49% of the accessions from southern Japan, Vietnam, or central Indonesia, respectively, had negative BLUP values, indicating less disease than the panel mean. A genome-wide association analysis using SoySNP50K Infinium BeadChip data identified eight genomic regions on seven chromosomes associated with SBR resistance, including previously unreported regions of Chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 9, 13 and 15, in addition to the locations of the Rpp3 and Rpp6 loci. The six unreported genomic regions might contain novel Rpp loci. The identification of additional sources of rust resistance and associated genomic regions will further efforts to develop soybean cultivars with broad and durable resistance to soybean rust in the southern United States.
The chloroplast genome features and phylogenetic relationships of Platycarya longipes (Juglandaceae), an important woody species within karst forests of eastern Asia
Authors: Liu Yingliang , Hu Lijuan , Wang Xiaoshuang , Tan Ya , Gu Lei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Platycarya longipes of the Juglandaceae family is an important woody species in maintaining the stability of community structure of karst forests. However, its phylogenetic relationship within Juglandaceae is still unclear. In this study we assembled the complete cp genome of P. longipes. The genome comprises a 158,592 bp quadripartite circular that includes a large single copy (LSC) region of 88,066 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,524 bp separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRA and IRB) with 26,001 bp. The genome contains 113 unique genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs. Additionally, we detected 49 long repeat sequences and 66 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Analysis of the Ka/Ks substitution rate values in the comparison of P. longipes VS. Platycarya strobilacea, supported that P. longipes and P. strobilacea are two species. Compared with other species of Juglandaceae, the cp genome of P. longipes has a conserved gene order and structure. Phylogenetic analysis based on ML and BI methods using genomes of the Fagales order showed that P. longipes is most closely related to Platycarya strobilacea. Our research provides a critical genetic resource for P. longipes supporting future phylogenetic and population genetics studies.
SYNGR2 Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Bin , Ren Mei-Yu , Chen Yu-Zhen , Meng Yu-Qi , Song Tie-Niu , Su Zhi-Peng , Yang Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Synaptogyrin-2 (SYNGR2) plays an important role in regulating membrane traffic in non-neuronal cells. However, the role of SYNGR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Methods: All original data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and integrated via R 3.5.3. SYNGR2 expression was explored with TCGA and GEO databases. The correlations between SYNGR2 and cancer immune characteristics were analyzed via the TIMER and TISIDB databases.Results: In general, SYNGR2 is predominantly overexpressed and has reference value in the diagnosis and prognostic estimation of ESCC. Upregulated SYNGR2 was associated with poorer overall survival, poorer disease-specific survival and T stage in ESCC. Mechanistically, we identified a hub gene that included a total of 38 SYNGR2-related genes, which were tightly associated with the protein polyubiquitination pathway in ESCC patients. SYNGR2 expression was negatively related to the infiltrating levels of T helper cells. SYNGR2 methylation was positively correlated with the expression of chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL12), chemokine receptors (CCR1 and CCR2), Immunoinhibitors (CXCL12 and TNFRSF4) and Immunostimulators (CSF1R and PDCD1LG2) in ESCC.Conclusion: SYNGR2 may can be used as a biomarker for determining the prognosis and immune infiltration in ESCC.