bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing effect method in vaccination status discrimination research
Authors: Gurevich Lyubov 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccording to Chong and Druckman (J Commun 57:99–118 2007), the “framing effect” is a phenomenon that occurs when even small changes in an issue’s representation cause large changes in people’s opinions. Being a cognitive bias, the framing effect encourages people to disregard their own viewpoints and decide in favour of options, represented in surveys (or articles) with positive or negative connotations. It leads to misrepresentation of findings, which contravenes the accuracy of scientific research. This paper intends to analyse the frame “Discrimination” in relation to the cases of public health (namely vaccination status discrimination) in order to find out which frame dimensions and options can influence people’s opinions on these issues, and to which extent these perspectives can be liable to changes due to the framing effect method. The analysis of social discrimination cases demonstrates how different manipulative technologies form a negative opinion towards the out-group members in public.
Interaction of molecular nitrogen with vanadium oxide in the absence and presence of water vapor at room temperature: Near-ambient pressure XPS
Authors: Balogun K. , Chukwunenye P. , Anwar F. , Ganesan A. , Adesope Q. , Willadsen D. , Nemšák S. , Cundari T. R. , Bagus P. S. , D’Souza F. , Kelber J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Interactions of N2 at oxide surfaces are important for understanding electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) mechanisms. Interactions of N2 at the polycrystalline vanadium oxide/vapor interface were monitored at room temperature and total pressures up to 10−1 Torr using Near-Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). The oxide film was predominantly V(IV), with V(III) and V(V) components. XPS spectra were acquired in environments of both pure N2 and equal pressures of N2 and H2O vapor. In pure N2, broad, partially resolved N1s features were observed at binding energies of 401.0 and 398.7 eV, with a relative intensity of ∼3:1, respectively. These features remained upon subsequent pumpdown to 10−9 Torr. The observed maximum N surface coverage was ∼1.5 × 1013 cm−2—a fraction of a monolayer. In the presence of equal pressures of H2O, the adsorbed N intensity at 10−1 Torr is ∼25% of that observed in the absence of H2O. The formation of molecularly adsorbed H2O was also observed. Density functional theory-based calculations suggest favorable absorption energies for N2 bonding to both V(IV) and V(III) cation sites but less so for V(V) sites. Hartree–Fock-based cluster calculations for N2–V end-on adsorption show that experimental XPS doublet features are consistent with the calculated shake-up and normal, final ionic configurations for N2 end-on bonding to V(III) sites but not V(IV) sites. The XPS spectra of vanadium oxide transferred in situ between electrochemical and UHV environments indicate that the oxide surfaces studied here are stable upon exposure to the electrolyte under NRR-relevant conditions.
Photoinduced charge transfer in the Zn-methanol cation studied with selected-ion photofragment imaging
Authors: Rittgers Brandon M. , Marks Joshua H. , Kellar Douglas J. , Duncan Michael A. 
Published: August 2022

The Zn+(methanol) ion molecule complex produced by laser vaporization is studied with photofragment imaging at 280 and 266 nm. Photodissociation produces the methanol cation CH3OH+ via excitation of a charge-transfer excited state. Surprisingly, excitation of bound excited states produces the same fragment via a curve crossing prior to separation of products. Significant kinetic energy release is detected at both wavelengths with isotropic angular distributions. Similar experiments are conducted on the perdeuterated methanol complex. The Zn+ cation is a minor product channel that also exhibits significant kinetic energy release. An energetic cycle using the ionization energies of zinc and methanol together with the kinetic energy release produces an upper limit on the Zn+-methanol bond energy of 33.7 ± 4.2 kcal/mol (1.46 ± 0.18 eV).
Vibration assisted glass-formation in zeolitic imidazolate framework
Authors: Peng Si-Xu , Yin Zheng , Zhang Tao , Yang Qun , Yu Hai-Bin , Zeng Ming-Hua 
Published: August 2022

A new glass forming method is essential for broadening the scope of liquid and glassy metal–organic frameworks due to the limitations of the conventional melt-quenching method. Herein, we show that in situ mechanical vibration can facilitate the framework melting at a lower temperature and produce glassy metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with unique properties. Using zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-62 as a concept-proofing material, in situ mechanical vibration enables low-temperature melting at 653 K, far below its melting point (713 K). The resultant vibrated ZIF-62 glass exhibited a lower glass transition temperature of 545 K, improved gas accessible porosity, and pronounced short-to-medium range structures compared to the corresponding melt-quenched glass. We propose that vibration-facilitated surface reconstruction facilitates pre-melting, which could be the cause of the lowered melting temperature. The vibration assisted method represents a new general method to produce MOF glasses without thermal decomposition.
Nonconvex multi-view subspace clustering via simultaneously learning the representation tensor and affinity matrix*
Authors: Li Minghui , Li Wen , Xiao Mingqing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multi-view subspace clustering, which aims to partition a dataset into its relevant subspaces based on their multi-view features, has been widely applied to identify various characteristics of datasets. The typical model of multi-view subspace clustering in literature often makes use of the nuclear norm to seek the underlying low-rank representation. However, due to the sum property of the singular values defined by tensor nuclear norm, the existing multi-view subspace clustering does not well handle the noise and the illumination variations embedded in multi-view data. To address and improve the robustness and clustering performance, we propose a new nonconvex multi-view subspace clustering model via tensor minimax concave penalty (MCP) approximation associated with rank minimization (NMSC-MCP), which can simultaneously construct the low-rank representation tensor and affinity matrix in a unified framework. Specifically, the nonconvex MCP approximation rank function is adopted to as a tighter tensor rank approximation to discriminate the dimension of features so that better accuracy can be achieved. In addition, we also address the local structure by including both hyper-Laplacian regularization and auto-weighting scheme into the objective function to promote the clustering performance. A corresponding iterative algorithm is then developed to solve the proposed model and the constructed iterative sequence generated by the proposed algorithm is shown to converge to the desirable KKT critical point. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets have demonstrate the highly desirable effectiveness of our proposed method.
Establishment and verification of resistance temperature coefficient model of P-type non-uniformly doped resistance
Authors: Gao Chengwu , Zhang Dacheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a first-order average temperature coefficient of resistance (

TC

R

ave

) calculation model is established and analyzed based on the distribution of piezoresistive doping concentration in bulk silicon. Furthermore, by extracting the experimental results of the first-order

TC

R

ave

of multiple research groups and combining the first-order

TCR

ave

calculation model, the new mobility model in the concentration range of piezoresistance (1 × 1018–1 × 1020 at cm−3) is obtained by fitting. The first-order

TC

R

ave

of five implantation concentrations under the same process is tested. The results show that the error between the first-order

TC

R

ave

obtained based on the new mobility calculation model and the test results is within 5%. However, the first-order

TC

R

ave

based on the Arora mobility model has a deviation of 104.6% under the implantation condition of 3.75 × 1015 at cm−2. At the same time, the effects of different annealing temperatures and time on the first-order

TC

R

ave

at the implantation concentration of 8.5 × 1013 at cm−2 are compared. The results show that a higher annealing temperature or longer annealing time is not conducive to reducing the first-order

TC

R

ave

, but the difference is small.
Robust quantum control by smooth quasi-square pulses
Authors: Zhu Jing-jun , Laforgue Xavier , Chen Xi , Guérin Stéphane 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Robust time-optimal control is known to feature constant (square) pulses. We analyze fast adiabatic dynamics that preserve robustness by using alternative smooth quasi-square pulses, typically represented by hyper-Gaussian pulses. We consider here the two protocols, robust inverse optimization and time-contracted adiabatic passage, allowing the design of the same pulse shape in both cases. The dynamics and their performance are compared. The superiority of the former protocol is shown.
Scaling of kinematical, global observables, energy and entropy densities in p + p, p + Pb and Pb + Pb collisions from 0.01 to 13 TeV
Authors: Cuautle E , Rosas E D , Rodríguez-Cahuantzi M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The multiplicity and average transverse momentum of the charged and identified particles produced in different kinds of colliding systems are an example of global observables used to characterize events over a wide range of energy. Studying these observables provides insights into the collective phenomena and the geometric scaling properties of the systems created in ultra-relativistic p + Pb, Pb + Pb, and even in p + p collisions. The first part of this work presents a study of these variables using different Monte Carlo event generators. It analyzes their sensitivity to find collective phenomena at 0.01, 0.9, 2.76, 7, and 13 TeV, finding a less satisfactory description as the energy decreases. The second part analyzes the average transverse momentum of charged hadrons as a function of the multiplicity for p + p, p + Pb, and Pb + Pb data from the CMS and ALICE experiments. Comparing with Monte Carlo event generators, we look for a possible scaling law of average transverse momentum scaled to the overlap transverse collision area. Additionally, the experimental data are used to compute thermodynamical quantities such as the energy and entropy densities in the Bjorken approach. The results are compared with predictions from EPOS and PYTHIA Monte Carlo event generators. We observe an excellent agreement for ⟨p
T⟩ from p + p but not for thermodynamical observables, where a sudden rise in a small ⟨p
T⟩ range resembles the lattice quantum chromodynamics results for the ϵ/T
4 as a function of the temperature; however, only the experimental data from p + p show a kind of saturation.
Electronic and structural properties of crystalline and amorphous (TaNbHfTiZr)C from first principles
Authors: van der Linden Bram , Hogenelst Tadeus , Bliem Roland , Dohnalová Kateřina , Morice Corentin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
High entropy materials (HEMs) are of great interest for their mechanical, chemical and electronic properties. In this paper we analyse (TaNbHfTiZr)C, a carbide type of HEM, both in crystalline and amorphous phases, using density functional theory (DFT). We find that the relaxed lattice volume of the amorphous phase is larger, while its bulk modulus is lower, than that of its crystalline counterpart. Both phases are metallic with all the transition metals contributing similarly to the density of states close to the Fermi level, with Ti and Nb giving the proportionally largest contribution of states. We confirm that despite its great structural complexity,

2
×
2
×
2

supercells are large enough for reliable simulation of the presented mechanical and electronic properties by DFT.
A novel point cloud simplification method using local conditional information
Authors: Cheng Yu-qi , Li Wen-long , Jiang Cheng , Wang Dong-fang , Mao Jin-cheng , Xu Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In three-dimensional measurement of large-scale parts, such as car bodies and aircraft wings, massive points (up to hundreds of millions) are collected. If all point cloud data is processed, a large amount of computing resources and storage space will be consumed. It is an important task to reduce the burden of processing while maintaining the feature of the point cloud as much as possible. This paper proposes a novel point cloud simplification method using local conditional information that is utilized to evaluate the features of each point in point clouds.The proposed method can reduce the size of point clouds while reserving significant features. Firstly, the original information of each point is evaluated by calculating the curvature of the original point cloud. Secondly, the point with the maximal information is selected and reserved in the target point cloud that will be updated as the alternative point cloud after simplification. The conditional information of each rest point is evaluated by the neighborhood and updated to the information of the current point, which attenuates with the distance from the other reserved points. Finally, the point with the maximal information is reserved iteratively until the number of points reserved satisfies the requirements of simplification according to enterprise needs. Experiments verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method performs much better on feature retention than Voxel simplification and Curvature simplification.
Enhanced field-dependent conductivity and material properties of nano-AlN/micro-SiC/silicone elastomer hybrid composites for electric stress mitigation in high-voltage power modules
Authors: Wang Qilong , Chen Xiangrong , Huang Xiaofan , Muhammad Awais , Paramane Ashish , Ren Na 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper reports an enhancement of the nonlinear conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties of micro-silicon carbide/silicone elastomer (m-SiC/SE) composites by adding nano-aluminum nitride (n-AlN) for power module encapsulation applications. The electrical properties (such as nonlinear conductivity characteristics and transient permittivity obtained from polarization current, and trap distributions obtained from thermally stimulated depolarization current) and material properties (including thermo-gravimetric analysis, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and thermal conductivity, tensile strength, strain at break and Young’s modulus) of the pure SE, m-SiC/SE microcomposites, m-SiC/n-AlN/SE hybrid composites are investigated. The effect of the m-SiC fillers and n-AlN fillers on physicochemical properties of the SE matrix is analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy and crosslinking degree. The measured nonlinear conductivity and transient permittivity are used for electric field simulation under DC stationary and square voltages. It is found that the addition of n-AlN fillers in the SE hybrid composite improves the nonlinear conductivity characteristics and mitigates the electric field under DC stationary and square voltages, compared to the SE microcomposite. Furthermore, the m-SiC/n-AlN/SE hybrid composite has a higher thermal degradation temperature, thermal conductivity, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and crosslinking degree than the SE microcomposite, whereas their CTE and strain at break are lower. It is elucidated that the m-SiC/n-AlN/SE hybrid composite with enhanced nonlinear conductivity and material properties is a promising packaging material for high-voltage power modules.
Incorporation of micro-CT-based detailed bone models into ICRP adult mesh-type reference computational phantoms
Authors: Shin Bangho , Yeom Yeon Soo , Choi Chansoo , Bolch Wesley E , Han Haegin , Nguyen Thang Tat , Moon Sungho , Son Gahee , Kim Suhyeon , Kim Hyeonil , Kim Chan Hyeong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective. The red bone marrow (RBM) and bone endosteum (BE), which are required for effective dose calculation, are macroscopically modeled in the reference phantoms of the international commission on radiological protection (ICRP) due to their microscopic and complex histology. In the present study, the detailed bone models were developed to simplify the dose calculation process for skeletal dosimetry. Approach. The detailed bone models were developed based on the bone models developed at the University of Florida. A new method was used to update the definition of BE region by storing the BE location indices using virtual sub-voxels. The detailed bone models were then installed in the spongiosa regions of the ICRP mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) via the parallel geometry feature of the Geant4 code. Main results. Comparing the results between the detailed-bone-installed MRCPs and the original MRCPs with the absorbed dose to spongiosa and fluence-to-dose response function (DRF)-based methods, the DRF-based method showed much smaller but still significant differences. Compared with the values given in ICRP Publications 116 and 133, the differences were very large (i.e. several orders of magnitudes), due mainly to the anatomical improvement of the skeletal system in the MRCPs; that is, spongiosa and medullary cavity are fully enclosed by cortical bone in the MRCPs but not in the ICRP-110 phantoms. Significance. The detailed bone models enable the direct calculation of the absorbed doses to the RBM and BE, simplifying the dose calculation process and potentially improving the consistency and accuracy of skeletal dosimetry.
Characterizing W sources in the all-W wall, all-RF WEST tokamak environment

*
,
**
Authors: Klepper C C , Unterberg E A , Marandet Y , Curreli D , Grosjean A , Harris J H , Johnson C A , Gallo A , Goniche M , Guillemaut Ch , Gunn J P , Raghunathan M , Tsitrone E , Ciraolo G , Colas L , Donovan D , Ekedahl A , Easley D , Urbanczyk G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Experimental data, together with interpretive modeling tools, are examined to study trends in the tungsten (W) source in the all-W environment of the WEST tokamak, both from the divertor and from the main chamber. In particular, a poloidal limiter protecting an ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) antenna is used as proxy for main chamber sourcing. The key study is carried out by stepping up lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) power, as the only auxiliary power source. Limiter and divertor W sources exhibit a qualitatively similar proportionality to the total power crossing the separatrix, P
SEP, although the main chamber source remains substantially lower than the divertor source, for the range of P
SEP accessible in the experiments. Intepretive modeling of the limiter source is carried out with a particle-in-cell (PIC) sheath model coupled to a surface sputtering model. Oxygen is used as a proxy for all light impurity species allowing for characterization of the critical W erosion regions. To get a good quantitative match to the data, it is necessary to assume that the oxygen arrives at the surface mostly at high ionization stages (4+ and above). A separate simulation with SOLEDGE-EIRENE, constrained to measured upstream scrape-off-layer plasma profiles, gives oxygen fractional abundances that are compatible with the PIC simulation result. This is understood to arise from transport processes that dominate over recombination. Substituting the LHCD by ICRH, in an equivalent experiment, the local W source exhibits a 3× enhancement. This can be matched by the simulation, by assuming local RF electric field rectification, based on ∼100 eV peak-to-peak, near-antennna electric field. This work has highlighted the particular importance of understanding the ion charge state balance of light impurities as these are most likely the dominant sputtering species in fusion devices with high-Z walls.
A Lamb waves-based wireless power transmission system for powering IoT sensor nodes
Authors: Xu Yunfei , Sun Yongshun , Tang Jian , Wei Chao , Ding Xiaoxi , Huang Wenbin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sensor nodes (SNs) are widely deployed for condition monitoring within closed thin-walled structures. Conventional wired power supply using cables will affect the structural integrity, and wireless power supply based on inductive coupling will be shielded by metal structures, therefore, neither is desirable. Motivated by these issues, this article presents a Lamb waves wireless power transmission (WPT) technology based on piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWASs). A PWAS with a diameter of 7 mm was used to excite A0 single-mode Lamb waves on a 1.6 mm aluminum plate at a frequency of 150 kHz for power transmission. Two optimization strategies for the Lamb waves-based WPT system were proposed and designed, including electrical impedance matching and beamforming with a linear PWAS array. The optimization effects of these two methods were analyzed experimentally. By combining these two approaches, the maximum received power is 1.537 mW, which is 384.25 times higher than that without the optimization method. The corresponding transmission efficiency is 0.217%, which is 43.4 times higher than that without the optimization method. A power management circuit was built with a maximum output power of 1.41 mW and a corresponding conversion efficiency of 77.5%. Finally, an internet-of-things (IoT) SN is designed, and a test proves that the proposed WPT system can power IoT SNs.
Instability dynamics of nonlinear normal modes in the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou chains
Authors: Peng Liangtao , Fu Weicheng , Zhang Yong , Zhao Hong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear normal modes are periodic orbits that survive in nonlinear chains, whose instability plays a crucial role in the dynamics of many-body Hamiltonian systems toward thermalization. Here we focus on how the stability of nonlinear modes depends on the perturbation strength and the system size to observe whether they have the same behavior in different models. To this end, as illustrating examples, the instability dynamics of the N/2 mode in both the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou-α and -β chains under fixed boundary conditions are studied systematically. Applying the Floquet theory, we show that for both models the stability time T as a function of the perturbation strength λ follows the same behavior; i.e.,

T
∝

(

λ
−

λ

c

)

−

1

2

, where λ
c is the instability threshold. The dependence of λ
c on N is also obtained. The results of T and λ
c agree well with those obtained by the direct molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, the effect of instability dynamics on the thermalization properties of a system is briefly discussed.