bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Mirror Image Hierarchy: Evidence from Modern Standard and Libyan Arabic
Authors: Atiega Awasha , Morse Saadia , Elkhodairy Marwa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Referring to a specific object sometimes requires using several modifiers, such as adjectives with nouns to describe objects. The ordering of these adjectives is generally assumed to adhere to universal hierarchies. It is, therefore, predicted that prenominal (e.g. English) languages present preferred ordering, and postnominal (Arabic) languages are further expected to mirror the ordering observed in those prenominal languages. This paper investigates these predictions by providing a quantitative account of internal orderings of elements in some Arabic noun phrases in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Libyan Arabic (LA). The primary concern is with the relative ordering of adjectives, where both semantic adjective classes and functions (specifying~descriptive~classifying) are invoked. The study findings showed ordering preference in both MSA and LA, at both the global and refined functional levels, in line with the suggested hierarchies. Deviation from the preferred order also appeared possible but under certain circumstances which appear at a greater level in LA than MSA. These instances were, however, accounted for through factors such as contrastive environments.
Foucault’s archeological discourse analysis with digital methodology—Discourse on women prior to the first wave women’s movement
Authors: Karlsen Heidi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn L’archéologie du savoir (1969), Foucault specifies the method of discourse analysis as the identification of statements. Few digital humanities projects have set out to conduct discourse analysis in this tradition. A certain degree of confusion relates to what the Foucauldian statement consists of and how it can be operationalized in order to identify discourse, using digital methods. This article demonstrates, however, that such an operationalization becomes possible if we take Foucault’s own distinction between statement (énoncé) and enunciation (énonciation) into account. As an example, the article shows how discourse on women prior to the first wave women’s movement in Western countries has been identified in almost 7,000 books digitized by the Norwegian National Library. This article concludes that a digitized Foucauldian discourse analysis is possible, using a combination of digital methodology and close reading.
Insurgencies fromThere There
Authors: Berger Jason 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConsidering Tommy Orange’s debut novel There There (2018) along with John Rollin Ridge’s sensational novel The Life and Adventures of Joaquín Murieta, The Celebrated California Bandit (1854), this essay examines alternate formations and implications of nineteenth- through twenty-first-century Indigenous resistance to what Mark Rifkin calls “settler common sense.” The essay uses Orange’s central thematic of “there there” as a formal and conceptual means to rethink the unique historical schemas and stakes of Indigenous fiction then and now. More specifically, the essay examines how these two novels, written by Indigenous authors with starkly different historical and ideological positions, offer nuanced and original portrayals of the complex alternate ground—physical-tactical, cultural, and political—that Indigenous resistance has and must negotiate. Ultimately, it argues that Orange’s novel deploys unique formal strategies that allow a consolidation of historical agency to confront the realities of US imperialism that have rendered Indigenous life and its modes of resistance precarious.
Iron plays a role in sulfasalazine-induced ferroptosis with autophagic flux blockage in K7M2 osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Liu Junyu , Lou Chenge , Zhen Chenxiao , Wang Yijia , Shang Peng , Lv Huanhuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and young adults, with a very poor prognosis. It is of great importance to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma. Sulfasalazine (SAS) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. It acts as an inhibitor of cystine/glutamate system, which is important for cellular glutathione synthesis and maintenance of GPx4 activity. Nowadays, SAS has been repurposed as an antitumor drug for inducing ferroptosis in cancers. This study aimed to uncover the role of iron in SAS-induced ferroptotic cell death in K7M2 osteosarcoma cells. Herein, SAS led to an iron-dependent cell death mode in K7M2 cells, accompanied with decreased antioxidant defense and increased production of cytosolic and lipid reactive oxygen species. Results also showed that iron supplement with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) or ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS) exacerbated the declined cell viability of SAS-treated K7M2 cells, while in the case of iron depletion, it weakened such suppression. Furthermore, iron promoted SAS-induced alterations on cell cycle, cytoskeleton, mitochondria morphology and function, and redox system. Iron also induced the dysfunction of autophagic activity in SAS-treated K7M2 cells. In conclusion, our study uncovered the essential role of iron in SAS's effects on K7M2 cells and provided the potential combined therapy of inhibition on antioxidant defense and an increase in oxidative potential, which further disturbed the redox status in tumor cells.
APIP5 functions as a transcription factor and an RNA-binding protein to modulate cell death and immunity in rice
Authors: Zhang Fan , Fang Hong , Wang Min , He Feng , Tao Hui , Wang Ruyi , Long Jiawei , Wang Jiyang , Wang Guo-Liang , Ning Yuese 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany transcription factors (TFs) in animals bind to both DNA and mRNA, regulating transcription and mRNA turnover. However, whether plant TFs function at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels remains unknown. The rice (Oryza sativa) bZIP TF AVRPIZ-T-INTERACTING PROTEIN 5 (APIP5) negatively regulates programmed cell death and blast resistance and is targeted by the effector AvrPiz-t of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. We demonstrate that the nuclear localization signal of APIP5 is essential for APIP5-mediated suppression of cell death and blast resistance. APIP5 directly targets two genes that positively regulate blast resistance: the cell wall-associated kinase gene OsWAK5 and the cytochrome P450 gene CYP72A1. APIP5 inhibits OsWAK5 expression and thus limits lignin accumulation; moreover, APIP5 inhibits CYP72A1 expression and thus limits reactive oxygen species production and defense compounds accumulation. Remarkably, APIP5 acts as an RNA-binding protein to regulate mRNA turnover of the cell death- and defense-related genes OsLSD1 and OsRac1. Therefore, APIP5 plays dual roles, acting as TF to regulate gene expression in the nucleus and as an RNA-binding protein to regulate mRNA turnover in the cytoplasm, a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism of plant TFs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
The current status and shortcomings of stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Mehrens Hunter , Nguyen Trang , Edward Sharbacha , Hartzell Shannon , Glenn Mallory , Branco Daniela , Hernandez Nadia , Alvarez Paola , Molineu Andrea , Taylor Paige , Kry Stephen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a common treatment for intracranial lesions. This work explores the state of SRS treatment delivery to characterize current treatment accuracy based on treatment parameters.

Methods
NCI clinical trials involving SRS rely on an end-to-end treatment delivery on a patient surrogate (credentialing phantom) from the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) to test their treatment accuracy. The results of 1072 SRS phantom irradiations between 2012 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and random forest models were used to associate irradiation conditions with phantom performance. The following categories were evaluated in terms of how they predicted outcomes: year of irradiation, TPS algorithm, machine model, energy, and delivered field size.

Results
Overall, only 84.6% of irradiations have met the IROC/NCI acceptability criteria. Pass rate has remained constant over time, while dose calculation accuracy has slightly improved. Dose calculation algorithm (P &lt; .001), collimator (P = .024), and field size (P &lt; .001) were statistically significant predictors of pass/fail. Specifically, pencil beam algorithms and cone collimators were more likely to be associated with failing phantom results. Random forest modeling identified the size of the field as the most important factor for passing or failing followed by algorithm.

Conclusion
Constant throughout this retrospective study, approximately 15% of institutions fail to meet IROC/NCI standards for SRS treatment. In current clinical practice, this is particularly associated with smaller fields that yielded less accurate results. There is ongoing need to improve small field dosimetry, beam modeling, and QA to ensure high treatment quality, patient safety, and optimal clinical trials.
Afterword: Notes with Ears
Authors: Cimini Amy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to dramatize the futures one might imagine for a music so deeply concerned with a listener’s embodied standpoint, the book concludes by imagining Amacher in the role of her fictive character—Intelligent Life’s Aplisa Kandel. This gesture addresses questions of social content and resistance that have long been central to feminist musicology to an emerging sound art discourse—that often claims Amacher as an originary figure—struggling to extend its interpretive horizons toward the social, the cultural, and the political. With this, one can meditate on how much, about Amacher, remains speculative and open-ended.
Hessians
Authors: Baer Friederike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Between 1776 and 1783, Britain hired an estimated 30,000 German soldiers to fight in its war against the Americans. Collectively known as Hessians, the soldiers and accompanying civilians, including women and children, spent extended periods of time in locations as dispersed and varied as Canada in the north and West Florida and Cuba in the south. This study examines how they experienced and described the war they fought in, the land they traversed, and the people they encountered. Based chiefly on their own writings, including a large body of letters and diaries, the book offers a groundbreaking reimaging of Britain’s war against American independence.
Introduction
Authors: Baer Friederike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Introduction provides a general overview of Britain’s decision to hire thousands of German troops in the war against the American rebels. By the early 1780s, they made up more than one third of the of the British regular army’s strength in North America. Members of the German corps produced a voluminous body of official and private records that offers provides fascinating insight into their experiences between 1776, when the first contingents set foot on American soil, and 1783, when the British army evacuated the newly founded United States. An examination of German-authored records, including in particular diaries and letters, draws the eye from a higher view of the war to more personal, subjective narratives of this period in American history.
“An Unfortunate Affair”
Authors: Baer Friederike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on American and German views of each other in the fall and winter of 1776 up to and including the Battle of Trenton. In general, the Germans viewed themselves as liberating the people from the oppression they had suffered under rebel occupation. They blamed the rebels for the destruction of their own land while the Americans singled out the Hessians as a particularly merciless and violent enemy. Plundering was a major concern on both sides. The defeat at Trenton, which resulted in the capture of more than 1,000 Hessians, had a significant impact on the perceptions of the two sides of each other.
“A War against All Humanity”
Authors: Baer Friederike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the experiences of the German troops that belonged to Barry St. Leger’s force, participated in General Burgoyne’s failed campaign, or remained in garrison in Canada for the duration of the war. After the Battle of Bennington in August 1777, General John Burgoyne’s army continued its march toward Albany. St. Leger’s force, which was made up of British and Hanau troops, Loyalists, and Native Americans, including the Iroquois chief Joseph Brant, had been sent into New York as a diversion in support of the campaign. However, St. Leger’s failure to capture Fort Stanwix in the Mohawk Valley prevented the force from advancing toward Albany. In October, Burgoyne’s army suffered what would be one of the major British defeats of the war at the Battle of Saratoga. In the meantime, a significant proportion of the British army that remained garrisoned in Canada until 1783 was composed of German troops.
“How German Bones Are Scattered Around in this War”
Authors: Baer Friederike 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the experiences of the German troops that were sent to Pensacola in West Florida in order to help protect this loyal province from Spanish and French threats. They belonged to a large number German soldiers that departed from New York in the fall of 1778 for places as distant as Nova Scotia in the North and the Gulf Coast in the South The Third Waldeck Regiment was dispatched to West Florida. It was the only German regiment that was sent as far south, and the only one that fought against the Spanish. It turned out to be a devastating mission.
Saving Animals, Saving Ourselves
Authors: Sebo Jeff 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 2020, COVID-19, the Australia bushfires, and other global threats served as vivid reminders that human and nonhuman fates are increasingly linked. Human use of nonhuman animals is contributing to pandemics, climate change, and other global threats. And these global threats are, in turn, contributing to biodiversity loss, ecosystem collapse, and nonhuman suffering. In this book, Jeff Sebo argues that humans have a moral responsibility to include animals in global health and environmental policy, by reducing our use of animals as part of our mitigation efforts and increasing our support for animals as part of our adaptation efforts. Applying and extending frameworks such as One Health and the Green New Deal, Sebo calls for reducing support for factory farming, deforestation, and the wildlife trade; increasing support for humane, healthful, and sustainable alternatives; and considering human and nonhuman needs holistically when we do. Sebo also considers connections with practical issues such as education, employment, social services, and infrastructure, as well as with theoretical issues such as well-being, moral status, political status, and population ethics. In all cases, he shows that these issues are both important and complex, and that we should neither underestimate our responsibilities because of our limitations nor underestimate our limitations because of our responsibilities. Both an urgent call to action and a survey of what ethical and effective action will require, this book will be invaluable for everyone interested in what kind of world we should attempt to build and how.
Animals, conflict, and politics
Authors: Sebo Jeff 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores some of the difficult moral and political questions that we need to answer to make our duties to animals more concrete. How can we resolve trade-offs between human, nonhuman, and environmental impacts? When, if ever, are invasive methods of control such as population control or genetic control acceptable in modern political society? What kind of legal and political standing should nonhuman animals have, and how should we represent their interests in political decisions? Generally speaking, to what degree should we attempt to integrate humans and nonhumans in a single political framework? This chapter argues that we can make progress on these issues by thinking about them holistically and structurally, and that we should think contextually to resolve conflicts beyond that.
Privilege and Prophecy
Authors: Tobin Robert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For much of its history, the Episcopal Church has been regarded as the religion of choice for American elites. Alongside other mainline denominations, Episcopalianism formed part of an unofficial Protestant establishment that set the tone for public life in the United States well into the 1960s. Since the close of the Second World War, however, the Episcopal Church increasingly began to experience a crisis of identity, as its leaders sought to make it more responsive to the rapid changes underway in American society. Shaped by their exposure to the Great Depression and the war, this group of predominantly liberal white men ensured that social action became a defining feature of the church’s agenda during this period. Educated, energetic, and well-resourced, these leaders pursued a range of experimental ministries, learning programs, and policy reforms that would gradually shift the church’s self-image from that of custodian of tradition to catalyst for change. Certain ironies attended this process, not least the propensity of these men to take for granted their own privileged status while lobbying assiduously against the established order. Still, whatever their shortcomings and contradictions, this generation of liberal leaders oversaw the transformation of the Episcopal Church during the years 1945–1979. The church they inherited was widely regarded as a bastion of WASP wealth and respectability; the one they eventually handed over was known for its commitment to progressive causes.
An Establishment Church
Authors: Tobin Robert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As the Anglican church in the United States after the Revolutionary War, the Episcopal Church was forced to reconcile its inheritance as a form of religious establishment with its status as one denomination among many in a pluralistic setting. Over the course of the nineteenth century, the church found its place within the unofficial Protestant establishment that dominated the nation’s educational and philanthropic life and shaped its public mores. Episcopalians took a leading role in the Social Gospel movement, even as their church became the preferred religious affiliation of the ruling classes. In this way, Episcopalianism’s establishmentarian impulses continued to find expression well into the twentieth century. Those who led the Episcopal Church following the Second World War were shaped by this sensibility but recognized that the church must find new ways of relating to a rapidly changing society.
A Prophetic Church?
Authors: Tobin Robert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
When the Second World War ended, the Episcopal Church still exercised a recognized role in shaping the public ethos of the United States. By the start of the 1980s, many Episcopal progressives felt fundamentally out of sympathy with the sensibilities of the nation at large. The turmoil of the intervening decades caused them to re-evaluate their establishment heritage and seek out ways to reconcile it with the social idealism of the 1960s. This process exposed Episcopalianism’s vulnerability to secularization, as well as highlighted ironies at work in its preoccupation with social liberation and radical inclusion. Having devoted so much attention to dismantling inherited notions of authority and belonging in the name of social relevance, Episcopalians now face the challenge of developing a new framework that will give their church a clear identity and purpose in a post-religious world.
An Opinion
Authors: Al-Obaidi Jabbar A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter offers a basic theological, historical, and cultural analysis as to what is stated in the Qur’an and what was promoted and enforced by the Hadith sayings and practices of Prophet Mohammad and scholars. It shows how the shifted interpretations by extremists who adopted radical theological preaching and applied nontraditional and peaceful religious practice have contributed to the misunderstanding of Islam and Muslims. Subsequently, it explains how the Western reaction escalated against Muslim community after September 11, 2001, without recognizing the fact that Muslims themselves are also subject to the terror and destruction caused by radicals and extremists not only in the West but also in the Islamic world. Education and working together offer the softest path forward.
Epistemological and Cultural Perspectives in African Psychology
Authors: Nwoye Augustine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter highlights the philosophical, epistemological, and cultural perspectives in African psychology. The principal goal of the chapter is to illustrate some of the efforts that scholars of continental African psychology are making to unbind themselves from the restrictive ways of doing psychology propagated by mainstream Western psychology. The chapter presents continental African psychology as a legitimate and autonomous postcolonial field of psychology endowed with its own critical orientation to psychological scholarship. The key themes discussed include the epistemological stances of African psychology, the methodological philosophy of constructive alternativism that advances the processes of research and scholarship in African psychology, the notion of African psychology as a human science, the idea of human beings as cultural-historical beings, and the notion of the modern African child as a child of the “middle ground.” The chapter shows that African psychology favors an open philosophy approach to the study of psychology.
Dreaming in Africa
Authors: Nwoye Augustine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chapter 8 introduces the notion that although as understood in mainstream Western psychology people only dream for themselves and are essentially self-contained in their overall mechanism of dreaming, in the African perspective dreams are understood as possible to emanate from other sources than the self. The chapter argues that while the Western perspective on dreaming should not to be ignored, it must be recognized alongside other dream perspectives. The chapter examines the concept of dreaming from an African perspective, suggesting that, in the Africentric paradigm, the individual can dream not only for him- or herself but also for others. In the African perspective, there at times occurs the phenomenon of triangulation in dreaming, which means that dreams as understood in Africa often originate from another source to give messages to the individual for the benefit of others.
A Rainbow Theory of Marriage Development
Authors: Nwoye Augustine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chapter 10 presents a rainbow theory of eight stages of African marriage development. The theory is constructed within the framework of the Africentric paradigm and proposes that a rainbow of roles and expectations, challenges/tasks, tensions, joys and crises, conflicts, strengths, and opportunities constitute and determine the psychology and experience of the typical marital pair in Africa, from the mate selection stage to the last stage of marital life. Contributing such a theory was deemed necessary as a practical effort to respond to the current demand for the decolonization of scholarship in African universities. The chapter argues that one important way that African scholars could break away from the spells of colonialism and neo-colonialism and the current limitation of overdependence on foreign-based theories in the study of psychology is to generate home-based theories endogenously sourced from their African practice and experience.