bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Social Isolation Due to COVID-19 on Symptom Progression in People With Dementia: Findings of the SOLITUDE Study
Authors: Manca Riccardo , De Marco Matteo , Colston Amanda , Raymont Vanessa , Amin Jay , Davies Rhys , Kumar Pramod , Russell Gregor , Blackburn Daniel J. , Venneri Annalena 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPeople with dementia (PWD) are vulnerable to abrupt changes to daily routines. The lockdown enforced on the 23rd of March 2020 in the UK to contain the expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic limited opportunities for PWD to access healthcare services and socialise. The SOLITUDE study explored the potential long-term effects of lockdown on PWD’s symptoms and carers’ burden.MethodsForty-five carers and 36 PWD completed a telephone-based assessment at recruitment (T0) and after 3 (T1) and 6 months (T2). PWD completed measures validated for telephonic evaluations of cognition and depression. Carers completed questionnaires on their burden and on PWD’s health and answered a customised interview on symptom changes observed in the initial months of lockdown. Longitudinal changes were investigated for all outcome variables with repeated-measures models. Additional post hoc multiple regression analyses were carried out to investigate whether several objective factors (i.e., demographics and time under social restrictions) and carer-reported symptom changes observed following lockdown before T0 were associated with all outcomes at T0.ResultsNo significant changes were observed in any outcomes over the 6 months of observations. However, post hoc analyses showed that the length of social isolation before T0 was negatively correlated with episodic and semantic memory performance at T0. Carers reporting worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms and faster disease progression in PWD also reported higher burden. Moreover, carer-reported worsening of cognitive symptoms was associated with poorer semantic memory at T0.ConclusionPWD’s symptoms and carers’ burden remained stable over 6 months of observation. However, the amount of time spent under social restrictions before T0 appears to have had a significant detrimental impact on cognitive performance of patients. In fact, carer-reported cognitive decline during social isolation was consistent with the finding of poorer semantic memory, a domain sensitive to progression in Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, the initial stricter period of social isolation had greater detrimental impact on patients and their carers, followed then by a plateau. Future interventions may be designed to maintain an optimal level of social and cognitive engagement for PWD in challenging times, to prevent abrupt worsening of symptoms and associated detrimental consequences on patients’ carers.
Case Report: Recurrent Malignant Struma Ovarii With Hyperthyroidism and Metastases, A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Zhang Ruyi , Tian Xin , Luo Ying , Dong Haiwei , Tian Weijun , Zhang Yujie , Li Dong , Sun Haoran , Meng Zhaowei 
Published: May 2022

Background: SO (Struma ovarii) is a rare form of ovarian teratoma which originates from ovarian dermoid cysts. Due to the rarity of this disease, relevant studies might not be sufficiently documented, especially cases with hyperthyroidism and multiple metastases.Case Presentation: A 40-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital due to management of early pregnancy along with a recurrent abdominal and pelvic mass. Contrast-enhanced CT images showed an irregular mass (10.7 × 8.6 × 12.8 cm) located in the right side from the hypogastrium to the pelvic cavity and another mass (3.8 × 3.7 cm) in the liver. Laboratory examination showed that CA125 (Carbohydrate Antigen-125) was 118.10 U/mL, Tg (thyroglobulin) was &gt;300 ng/ml, FT4 (free thyroxine) was 22.11 pmol/L, and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) was &lt;0.004 mIU/L. She subsequently underwent liver mass dissection, omentectomy, tumor dissection, peritoneal nodule resection, as well as rectal anterior wall nodule resection. The patient was diagnosed with malignant SO (papillary type) along with multiple metastases. Also, we conducted a literature review based on 290 SO cases from 257 articles.Conclusion: This study showed that malignant SO might be prone to relapse and metastasize (a metastatic rate of 52.94%) and therefore aggressive management might need to be recommended for malignant SO. Also, laparotomy might need to be recommended for large tumors that cannot be resected by laparoscopic surgery since these tumors might be prone to rupture and thus produce peritoneal implants. Furthermore, Graves’ disease might need to be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Association Between Side of Living Kidney Donation and Post-Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Dobrijevic Ellen L. K. , Au Eric H. K. , Rogers Natasha M. , Clayton Philip A. , Wong Germaine , Allen Richard D. M. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Right-sided living donor kidneys have longer renal arteries and shorter veins that make vascular anastomosis more challenging. We sought to determine whether recipients of right-sided living donor kidneys have worse outcomes than left-sided kidney recipients.Methods: An observational analysis of the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) was undertaken. We used adjusted logistic regression to determine the association between side and delayed graft function (DGF) and time-stratified adjusted cox regression models for graft and patient survivals.Results: Between 2004 and 2018, 4,050 living donor kidney transplants were conducted with 696 (17.2%) using right kidneys. With reference to left kidneys, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for DGF was 2.01 (1.31–3.09) for recipients with right kidneys. Within 30 days, 46 allografts (1.4%) were lost, with major causes of overall graft loss being technical, primary non-function and death. Recipients of right donor kidneys experienced a greater risk of early graft loss (aHR 2.02 [95% CI 1.06–3.86], p = 0.03), but not beyond 30 days (aHR 0.97 [95% CI 0.80–1.19], p = 0.8]).Conclusion: Technical challenge is the most common cause of early graft loss. The risk of early graft loss among recipients who received right kidneys is doubled compared to those who received left living donor kidneys.
Three-Year Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients Switched From Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Regimens to Belatacept as a Rescue Therapy
Authors: Morel Antoine , Hoisnard Léa , Dudreuilh Caroline , Moktefi Anissa , Kheav David , Pimentel Ana , Sakhi Hamza , Mokrani David , Attias Philippe , El Sakhawi Karim , Champy Cécile Maud , Remy Philippe , Sbidian Emilie , Grimbert Philippe , Matignon Marie 
Published: May 2022

Background: The long-term benefits of conversion from calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) to belatacept in kidney transplant recipients (KTr) are poorly documented.Methods: A single-center retrospective work to study first-time CNI to belatacept conversion as a rescue therapy [eGFR &lt;30 ml/min/1.73 m2, chronic histological lesions, or CNI-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)]. Patient and kidney allograft survivals, eGFR, severe adverse events, donor-specific antibodies (DSA), and histological data were recorded over 36 months after conversion.Results: We included N = 115 KTr. The leading cause for switching was chronic histological lesions with non-optimal eGFR (56.5%). Three years after conversion, patient, and death-censored kidney allograft survivals were 88% and 92%, respectively, eGFR increased significantly from 31.5 ± 17.5 to 36.7 ± 15.7 ml/min/1.73 m2 (p &lt; 0.01), the rejection rate was 10.4%, OI incidence was 5.2 (2.9–7.6) per 100 person-years. Older age was associated with death, eGFR was not associated with death nor allograft loss. No patient developed dnDSA at M36 after conversion. CNI-induced TMA disappeared in all cases without eculizumab use. Microvascular inflammation and chronic lesions remained stable.Conclusion: Post-KT conversion from CNIs to belatacept, as rescue therapy, is safe and beneficial irrespective of the switch timing and could represent a good compromise facing organ shortage. Age and eGFR at conversion should be considered in the decision whether to switch.
Trends and Outcomes of Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Preservation of Kidney Allografts in Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Transplantation in the United States
Authors: Chang Alex , Schaubel Douglas E. , Chen Melissa , Abt Peter L. , Bittermann Therese 
Published: May 2022

Optimal kidney graft outcomes after simultaneous liver-kidney (SLK) transplant may be threatened by the increased cold ischemia time and hemodynamic perturbations of dual organ transplantation. Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) of kidney allografts may mitigate these effects. We analyzed U.S. trends and renal outcomes of hypothermic non-oxygenated MP vs. static cold storage (CS) of kidney grafts from 6,689 SLK transplants performed between 2005 and 2020 using the United Network for Organ Sharing database. Outcomes included delayed graft function (DGF), primary non-function (PNF), and kidney graft survival (GS). Overall, 17.2% of kidney allografts were placed on MP. Kidney cold ischemia time was longer in the MP group (median 12.8 vs. 10.0 h; p &lt; 0.001). Nationally, MP utilization in SLK increased from &lt;3% in 2005 to &gt;25% by 2019. Center preference was the primary determinant of whether a graft underwent MP vs. CS (intraclass correlation coefficient 65.0%). MP reduced DGF (adjusted OR 0.74; p = 0.008), but not PNF (p = 0.637). Improved GS with MP was only observed with Kidney Donor Profile Index &lt;20% (HR 0.71; p = 0.030). Kidney MP has increased significantly in SLK in the U.S. in a heterogeneous manner and with variable short-term benefits. Additional studies are needed to determine the ideal utilization for MP in SLK.
Captopril, a Renin–Angiotensin System Inhibitor, Attenuates Tumour Progression in the Regenerating Liver Following Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: Riddiough Georgina E. , Walsh Katrina A. , Fifis Theodora , Kastrappis Georgios , Tran Bang M. , Vincan Elizabeth , Muralidharan Vijayaragavan , Christophi Christopher , Gordon Claire L. , Perini Marcos V. 
Published: May 2022

(1) Liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has been linked to tumour recurrence. Inhibition of the renin–angiotensin system (RASi) attenuates CRLM growth in the non-regenerating liver. This study investigates whether RASi exerts an antitumour effect within the regenerating liver following partial hepatectomy for CRLM and examines RASi-induced changes in the tumour immune microenvironment; (2) CRLM in mice was induced via intrasplenic injection of mouse colorectal tumour cells, followed by splenectomy on Day 0. Mice were treated with RASi captopril (250 mg/kg/day), or saline (control) from Day 4 to Day 16 (endpoint) and underwent 70% partial hepatectomy on Day 7. Liver and tumour samples were characterised by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence; (3) captopril treatment reduced tumour burden in mice following partial hepatectomy (p < 0.01). Captopril treatment reduced populations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) (CD11b+Ly6CHi p < 0.05, CD11b+Ly6CLo p < 0.01) and increased PD-1 expression on infiltrating hepatic tissue-resident memory (TRM)-like CD8+ (p < 0.001) and double-negative (CD4-CD8-; p < 0.001) T cells; (4) RASi reduced CRLM growth in the regenerating liver and altered immune cell composition by reducing populations of immunosuppressive MDSCs and boosting populations of PD-1+ hepatic TRMs. Thus, RASi should be explored as an adjunct therapy for patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for CRLM.
Alterations in Bacterial Metabolism Contribute to the Lifespan Extension Exerted by Guarana in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Reigada Inés , Kapp Karmen , Maynard Claire , Weinkove David , Valero Marta Sofía , Langa Elisa , Hanski Leena , Gómez-Rincón Carlota 
Published: May 2022

Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a widely consumed nutraceutical with various health benefits supported by scientific evidence. However, its indirect health impacts through the gut microbiota have not been studied. Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to study both the direct and indirect effects of nutraceuticals, as the intimate association of the worm with the metabolites produced by Escherichia coli is a prototypic simplified model of our gut microbiota. We prepared an ethanoic extract of guarana seeds and assessed its antioxidant capacity in vitro, with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and in vivo, utilizing C. elegans. Additionally, we studied the impact of this extract on C. elegans lifespan, utilizing both viable and non-viable E. coli, and assessed the impact of guarana on E. coli folate production. The extract showed high antioxidant capacity, and it extended worm lifespan. However, the antioxidant and life-extending effects did not correlate in terms of the extract concentration. The extract-induced life extension was also less significant when utilizing dead E. coli, which may indicate that the effects of guarana on the worms work partly through modifications on E. coli metabolism. Following this observation, guarana was found to decrease E. coli folate production, revealing one possible route for its beneficial effects.
Experiences of exercise in patients with asthma: a qualitative analysis of discussions in a UK asthma online community
Authors: Sadek Attalla Sara , Ow Nadya L , McNarry Melitta , De Simoni Anna 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundEngagement with exercise in adults with asthma is suboptimal. Limited information is available regarding factors affecting engagement with exercise.AimTo explore experiences of exercise and linked unmet needs in adults with asthma.Design & settingQualitative thematic analysis of posts in a UK asthma online community, written between 2015 and 2020.MethodPosts were identified using keywords searches. Posts in the ‘Exercise’ topic section were additionally included. Thematic analysis of posts was undertaken.ResultsA total of 143 relevant posts were analysed. Ninety-two participants were identified through posts (11 male, 33 female, 48 sex not stated, aged 26–73 years). Emerging themes included the following: fear of experiencing asthma symptoms during exercise; lack of information about how to deal with symptoms; external barriers; emotional response; and involvement of healthcare providers. Environmental factors, concomitant life stressors, distrust of healthcare professionals, and embarrassment about displaying asthma symptoms during exercise were barriers to engagement. Facilitators included experiencing positive health outcomes following exercise and positive discussions regarding exercise with healthcare professionals. Strategies participants developed to enable exercise were warming up, increasing reliever and preventer inhalers when exercising, and finding exercises the individual felt were enjoyable.ConclusionFuture interventions to address fears of exercise-induced physical symptoms, and clear instructions on the use of inhalers when exercising are needed. Exploring patients’ attitudes to exercise in clinical consultations, especially in primary care, may be beneficial.
Follow-up after gestational diabetes: a qualitative study of perspectives from general practices
Authors: Nielsen Jane Hyldgaard , Fonager Kirsten , Kristensen Jette Kolding , Overgaard Charlotte 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundWomen whose pregnancies are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are approximately eight times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although regular participation in follow-up screening increases the chance of early detection of diabetes, participation rates are often suboptimal. A better understanding of general practice as a key contextual setting for screening could help inform the development and adoption of, for example, electronic reminder interventions to support women’s participation.AimTo explore the perspectives of GPs and relevant staff members engaged in early detection of diabetes after gestational diabetes in order to identify barriers to and facilitators of follow-up screening.Design & settingA qualitative interview study undertaken in general practices in the North Denmark Region.MethodBased on a purposive sample strategy, 18 semi-structured interviews of 12 GPs and six staff members, who were either nurses or midwives, were analysed using a reflexive thematic analytical approach.ResultsThe following three main themes were formulated: (1) challenges of addressing women’s risk; (2) prioritisation of early detection of diabetes; and (3) system influence on clinical procedures.ConclusionFollow-up screening was facilitated by knowledge of guidelines. Professional collaboration and adaptation support were found to lead to successful implementation of guidelines in general practice. Supporting GPs and their staff’s reflection and discussion of ways to engage in communication and decisionmaking processes with women is, however, important; it was found to create an important barrier to follow-up screening. Overall, the findings can help inform the future development of interventions to increase uptake.
Track width measurement in heat-assisted magnetic recording systems using the cross-track DC noise method
Authors: Kampun Prasit , Lekawat Lertsak , Tongsomporn Damrongsak 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper uses a cross-track DC noise measurement technique to determine the written track width in heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR). The method is approached as a simple, no-extra-hardware-required technique on a spin-stand to determine the written track width as well as the DC noise amplitude at the center track in a HAMR system. The track width data show the expected trends with changing laser operating current (

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o
p

) and write current (

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w

), and they are strongly correlated with track density capabilities and physical near-field transducer (NFT) peg width. The written track width is essentially defined by the

I

o
p

,

which increases as

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o
p

increases. The method is useful for comparing the magnetic responses of different writer pole or NFT peg geometries, as well as media design comparison to provide insight into the head/component necessary to improve HAMR system performance, which is useful HAMR recording parameters for head/media designers and test engineers.
Penggunaan Fitur HOG Dan HSV Untuk Klasifikasi Citra Sel Darah Putih
Authors: Prasthio Rial , Yohannes Yohannes , Devella Siska 
Published: May 2022

Sel darah putih (leukosit) merupakan sel pembentuk komponen darah yang diproduksi oleh sumsum tulang dan disebarkan ke seluruh tubuh melalui aliran darah. Sel darah putih merupakan bagian penting dari sistem kekebalan tubuh yang berfungsi untuk menghasilkan antibodi yang dapat membantu tubuh manusia dalam melawan berbagai penyakit. Sel darah putih dibagi menjadi 5 jenis, yaitu neutrofil, limfosit, monosit, eosinofil, dan basophil. Analisis sel darah putih masih dilakukan secara manual yang memakan waktu yang lama dan memiliki tingkat ketelitian dan keakuratan yang rendah. Solusi yang dapat dilakukan salah satunya menggunakan machine learning yaitu SVM (support vector machine) dengan menggunakan fitur HOG dan HSV. Penelitian ini menggunakan dataset hasil mikroskop sel darah putih dari Kaggle yang bersifat public. Jumlah dataset yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 12.392 gambar dari 4 jenis sel darah putih (Eosinophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, dan Neutrophil). Pada perhitungan confusion matrix hasil tertinggi didapatkan oleh Neutrophil dengan accuracy sebesar 88,55%, precision sebesar 100%, dan recall sebesar 54,19%.
Variable-Delay and Package Drop Compensation for Data-Driven Wide-Area Power System Stabilizer
Authors: Nayak Abhishek , Mishra Sukumar , Mehrizi-Sani Ali 
Published: May 2022

<p>This paper presents a delay and a package drop compensator to address the variable latencies which arise in a wide area power system stabilizer (WAPSS). The vulnerability of data-driven control (DDC) based WAPSS to these latencies is specifically highlighted. The uniqueness of the proposed delay compensator (DC) is that it is designed to address not only the large deviations in delay mean value but also the variations around the mean value by careful reformulation of the delay in terms of its statistical features. Moreover, a new approach is proposed for package drop compensation, which considers nonlinearity in its formulation. The proposed package drop compensation uses the technique of dynamic linearization (DL) and pseudo partial derivative (PPD). Rigorous analysis is carried out to observe the effect of variable delay and package drop on the damping performance of DDC-WAPSS. It is shown that the damping performance of DDC-WAPSS improves when the proposed compensation techniques are used. The proposed DC and the nonlinear system based package drop compensator achieve improved compensation compared with the customary ones. </p>
Efektifitas Relaksasi Otot Progresif terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Tinggi pada Lansia di Paupire, Ende
Authors: Deno Maria Karolina , Bratajaya Cicilia Nony Ayuningsih , Hidayah Ainum Jhariah 
Published: May 2022

Seiring bertambahnya usia, lansia mulai mengalami penurunan elastisitas dinding pembuluh darah yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan darah. Salah satu upaya penanganan menurunkan tekanan darah adalah dengan terapi relaksasi otot progresif. Terapi ini dapat memunculkan respon relaksasi yang merangsang aktivitas saraf simpatis dan parasimpatis sehingga terjadi penurunan tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas relaksasi otot progresif dalam penurunan tekanan darah tinggi pada lansia di Paupire, Ende. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen tanpa kelompok kontrol dengan pendekatan one group comparison pre dan post-test design, dengan teknik Total Sampling. Sampel berjumlah 41 responden, masing-masing responden mendapat latihan relaksasi otot progresif selama 15 menit, dilakukan selama 6 hari berturut-turut. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan sebelum dan setelah latihan relaksasi otot progresif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan setelah latihan relaksasi otot progresif terjadi penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dari 157,56 mmHg menjadi 133,17 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik mengalami penurunan dari 91,95 mmHg menjadi 78,29 mmHg. Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa latihan relaksasi otot progresif secara bermakna menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik (p value = 0.000; ≤ α 0.005) artinya terapi relaksasi otot progresif efektif terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia. Maka,terapi ini secara mandiri dapat dilakukan oleh lansia sebagai terapi non-farmakologi untuk mendukung upaya komplementer perawatan hipertensi.
Pengaruh Postur Duduk Membungkuk dalam Menimbulkan Kifosis Postural
Authors: Hartanto  
Published: May 2022

Kurangnya aktivitas sehari-hari menyebabkan banyak orang duduk dengan postur membungkuk. Apabila keadaan ini terjadi secara berkepanjangan dapat menjadi sebuah kebiasaan yang dapat menyebabkan kifosis postural. Pada kifosis postural, pertambahan derajat kurvatura tulang vertebra thoracal bersifat fleksibel atau dipengaruhi postur. Postur duduk membungkuk mengakibatkan tubuh menjadi lebih condong ke anterior dan mengubah good alignment tubuh sehingga kurvatura kifosis regio thoracal semakin meningkat dan kurvatura lordosis regio lumbal mendatar seperti pada penderita kifosis postural. Perubahan kurvatura ini dapat menimbulkan regangan yang melampaui batas resistensi pada ligamen bagian posterior vertebra dan meningkatkan tekanan mekanik pada discus intervertebralis. Kondisi ini berpotensi untuk mencetuskan kekakuan otot penegak punggung, keluhan nyeri punggung dan punggung bawah, hingga kepada proses inflamasi dan fenomena creep pada jaringan viscoelastis tulang vertebra. Kejadian kifosis postural progresif yang mengakibatkan kerusakan morfologi tulang dan jaringan lunaknya seperti yang ditemukan pada kifosis Scheuermann belum ditemukan, meskipun pada keduanya terjadi trauma mekanik yang berkepanjangan.