bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Thermal Balloon Endometrial Ablation for Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Authors: Al-Ibrahim Baraa Lukman Humo , Husaynei Ahmed Jasim Al 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of modified thermal balloon ablation using Foley's catheter in the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).

Materials and Methods:
Twelve patients with HMB aged 35–55 years underwent modified thermal balloon ablation using Foley's catheter. Patients were selected after complete clinical evaluation and investigations. The procedure was undertaken in the operation theater under general anesthesia/intravenous sedation. Three cycles of modified thermal balloon ablation using Foley's catheter were performed to ablate the endometrium. The time given to each cycle was 7 min. All the cycles were performed in the same setting. The main outcome measures that were studied were reduction in the menstrual flow, the need for further treatment, and relief of dysmenorrhea if present. Outcome measure regarding reduction in menstrual flow was statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was determined at a level of P < 0.05.

Results:
Eighty-two percent of patients experienced a reasonable reduction in menstrual blood flow at 3-month follow-up. Eighteen percent observed no change in bleeding pattern and needed further treatment after failure of the procedure. Forty-two percent of patients complained of minor side effects such as cramp lower abdominal pain and fever. Rupture of balloon during the procedure occurred in only one case (8%).

Conclusion:
Modified thermal balloon ablation with Foley's catheter can be a promising management of HMB in resource-poor settings. It is a cost-effective alternative to the original endometrial ablation techniques.
A CBCT assessment of bone density changes after accelerated orthodontic retraction of canine by microosteoperforations
Authors: Alfawazan Ahmed Ali , Manas Abhigyan , Verghese Yohan , Kochhar Anuraj Singh , AlMogbel Abdul Majeed , Patil Smita 
Published: May 2022

AIM:
The study was conducted to assess the changes in bone density before and after performing accelerated orthodontic maxillary canine retraction by microosteoperforations (MOPs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Forty patients (120 cone-beam computed tomography [CBCT] images) within the age group of 15 to 25 years undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction were enrolled in this study. The right and left sides of the maxillary jaw in the same patients were selected as experimental and control sites. To accelerate the tooth movement, MOPs were performed distal to the canine root in the extraction space under local anesthesia with a miniscrew. Thereafter, the maxillary canine retraction was initiated using a NiTi closed coil spring. The CBCT images were taken and evaluated at the following time intervals: 1 week before MOPs(T0);1 week after MOPs(T1);3 weeks after MOPs(T2).

RESULTS:
A statistically significant reduction in bone density was observed at the center of resistance of canine on the experimental site (after MOPs) at 1 week and 3 weeks (T0-T1 = 0.000,0.115; T1-T2 = 0.0025,0.0117), whereas a statistically non-significant difference was found 1 week before and 3 weeks later in the control group.

CONCLUSION:
Accelerated orthodontics by MOPscan result in a substantial reduction in bone density during canine retraction, leading to an increase in the tooth movement rate, hence lowering the overall orthodontic treatment time.
Comparison of the efficacy of Icon resin infiltration and Clinpro XT varnish on remineralization of white spot lesions
Authors: Edunoori Ratnavally , Dasari Arun K. , Chagam Manjunatha R. , Velpula Deepti R. , Kakuloor Jeevan S. , Renuka Gajji 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the efficacy of Icon resin infiltration and Clinpro XT varnish on remineralization of white spot lesions using a polarized light microscope (PLM).

MATERIALS & METHODS:
Artificial white spot lesions were created on a sample of 40 extracted human premolar teeth by immersing in a demineralizing solution. All samples were randomly allocated to two groups of 20 each; Group A: Icon resin infiltration and Group B: Clinpro XT varnish. Teeth were sectioned along the buccolingual plane using a diamond disc. Specimens were observed under the PLM (4× magnification) at three deepest measurements and their averages were calculated to obtain the mean penetration depth. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Independent samples t-test and group statistics were used to compare the two groups. In all statistical tests, the significance level was set at 5% (P < 0.05).

RESULTS:
Both Icon resin infiltration and Clinpro XT groups showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.00) in the penetration depth. Icon resin infiltration group showed a significantly higher penetration depth (24.46 μm) compared to the Clinpro XT group (12.34 μm). Group A showed a greater mean penetration depth (17.07 ± 4.35 μm) when compared to group B (7.68 ± 1.81 μm).

CONCLUSION:
Icon resin infiltration showed a significantly higher penetration depth and is more effective on remineralization of white spot lesions when compared to Clinpro XT varnish.
Comparative assessment of various cephalometric facial planes with intercanine width in orthodontic patients
Authors: Khan Erum Behroz , Soomar Sunia , Shah Mairah , Fatima Samar , Khan Sohail , Ahmed Zuhair , Kumar Sarvaich 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
The study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of various cephalometric skeletal patterns in the vertical and anteroposterior planes with intercanine width in untreated orthodontic patients.

METHOD AND MATERIAL:
This study included dental cast and cephalometric radiographs of 100 patients (69 females and 31 males) of the age range 13 to 33 years. Skeletal parameters including SNA, SNB, SNMP angles were found from lateral cephalometric radiographs. Intercanine widths including upper intercanine widths (UICW) and lower intercanine widths (LICW) were measured by a digital caliper.

RESULTS:
The correlation of intercanine width with SNA, SNB, and SNMP angles was analyzed by applying Pearson correlation coefficient. According to statistical analysis, the only insignificant correlation was analyzed between UICW with SNB and LICW with SN-MP.

CONCLUSIONS:
The overall result showed statistically significant relationship of various cephalometric skeletal patterns in the sagittal and vertical planes with intercanine width.
“Effect of grape seed and green tea on shear bond strength of brackets bonded to bleached enamel with and without Lase Peroxide Lite” – An in vitro study
Authors: Mallepally Jaya P. , Aileni Kaladhar R. , Sugavasi Gayathri D. , Kumar K. Siva , Pittala Naveen , Nukala Shree S. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effect of antioxidants on shear bond strength of brackets bonded to bleached enamel with and without titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Lase Peroxide Lite).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
One hundred and five human maxillary premolars were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 15). Group I served as control, in group II-A bleaching was performed with Opalescent Boost. In group II-B and C, bleaching was performed with Opalescent Boost followed by application of 5% grape seed and 10% green tea extracts, respectively. Group III-A bleaching was performed with Lase Peroxide Lite. Group III-B and III-C bleaching was performed with Lase Peroxide Lite followed by application of 5% grape seed and 10% green tea extracts, respectively. Brackets were bonded with composite resin and cured with light emitting diode (LED) light. Shear bond strength of brackets was tested with a Universal testing machine.

RESULTS:
There was statistically significant difference in the shear bond strength among the seven groups included in the study. There is a statistically significant decrease in shear bond strength in group II-A (8.2 ± 1.6 Mpa), group III-A (8.6 ± 2.1 Mpa) when compared with group I-A (15.9 ± 1.4 Mpa). Among all experimental groups, group II-A showed the lowest mean shear bond-strength values (8.2 ± 1.6 Mpa) (P < 0.005). Group III-C (14.9 ± 2.2 Mpa) has significantly higher shear bond strength.

CONCLUSION:
Bleaching reduced the shear bond strength of brackets below acceptable level while application of grape seed and green tea extracts has recovered the shear bond strength.
MHM bracket design on the path of Dr Andrews of true straight wire technique, prototype study design
Authors: Elkolaly Mohamed Abdelaal , Hasan Hasan S. , Foda Manal Y. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
The authors invented an innovation in the bracket design; that targeted to fulfill the aim of Dr. Andrews for a true straight wire technique.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The use of the ball and socket design together with the ability to relocate the position of the slot in three dimensions enhances the control and precision of individual teeth.

RESULTS:
The revolutionary bracket eliminated any wire bending in the initial, intermediate or finishing stages of fixed orthodontic treatment. This was achieved together with complete 3D control on individual teeth positions to achieve the finest occlusion for individual patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
That system allowed for a true straight wire mechanics with no wire bending. The design could be used labially or lingually without the need of indirect bonding techniques. Additionally, any adjustments could be performed intraorally with simple pressure.
Three dimensional changes of maxillary arch in Unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following comprehensive orthodontic treatment on digital study models
Authors: Verma Sanjeev , Singh Sombir , K.Verma Raj , Singh Satinder P. , Kumar Vinay , Sharma Shagun , Kalra Parveen 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the effects of comprehensive orthodontic treatment on palatal area, volume, inter-canine and inter-molar width in patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) using scanned models of the maxillary arch.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Tertiary setting.

PATIENTS:
Two hundred and ten plaster study models of 70 patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (Study group SG) and Control Group (n = 70) were scanned using Maestro 3D Dental scanner. The study groupwas further divided into subgroups; Subgroup I: treated with orthodontic treatment only (non-surgical), Subgroup II: patientsmanaged with combined orthodontics and orthognathic surgery (either maxillary advancement or maxillary distraction), Subgroup A: age >14 years and Subgroup B: age <14 years.

INTERVENTIONS:
Comprehensive orthodontic and Orthosurgical treatment

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Pre- and post-treatment scanned maxillary models of the study group were compared for palatal area and volumeand intercanine and intermolar width. The palatal dimensions of post-treatment scanned models were also compared to that of the control group.

RESULTS:
The Palatal area and volume, intercanine and intermolar width were significantly higher in the post-treatment as compared to pre-treatment study models (P < 0.01). The measurements ofthe maxillary arch were significantly higher in the control group compared to the post-treatment measurements of the study group. The increase in palatal area and volume was greater in Subgroup I and A compared to Subgroup II and B patients, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
The 3-Dimensional palatal dimensions in UCLP group improved after orthodontic treatment but were still not comparable to the normal subjects. The patients with age >14 years showed more improvement in the maxillary arch.
Influence of Multimedia Reminders on Oral Hygiene Status During Removable Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Baherimoghadam Tahereh , Naseri Navid , Hamedani Shahram , Nikmehr Shahryar , Mokhtar Maliheh 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Orthodontic appliances complicate daily oral hygiene maintenance and enhance the formation of microbial biofilm on tooth surfaces and orthodontic appliances.

Objective:
This trial was conducted to assess the effect of reminders on oral hygiene of patients during removable orthodontic treatment.

Methods:
In this 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, 66 orthodontic patients with removable maxillary appliance were randomly allocated with 1:1 ratio to message reminders and the control group. The patients in the messaging group received one or two message reminders and educational videos weekly during the course of treatment. A single blinded examiner measured the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and dental caries index of patients in both groups at baseline (T0) and one (T1), three (T2), and six (T3) months after the first day of treatment to assess their oral hygiene status during treatment.

Results:
A total of 30 patients in control group and 28 in reminder group completed the study. The PI and GI scores were increased neither in control group nor in message reminder group during T0 and T1, significantly. The PI and GI scores in message reminder group were significantly lower than those in the control group at T2 (PI: P = 0.001, GI: P = 0.003) and T3 (PI: P = 0.024, GI: P = 0.022). Slight significant increasing in the PI and GI score were found during T2 and T3 in message reminder group. Caries index showed no significant difference between two groups during study.

Conclusion:
It seems that reminders can efficiently promote oral hygiene of patients undergoing removable orthodontic treatment.
Dry eye syndrome model established in rabbits via mitomycin C injection in the lacrimal gland
Authors: Lin I-Chan , Wang Yu-Chio , Chen Yi-Zhou , Tang Yu-Jun , Chen Ko-Hua , Tseng Ching-Li 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
To develop a new dry eye syndrome (DES) animal model by injecting mitomycin C (MMC) into the lacrimal glands (LGs) of rabbits evaluated by clinical examinations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A volume of 0.1 mL of MMC solution was injected in the LG and the infraorbital lobe of the accessory LG of rabbits for DES induction. Twenty male rabbits were separated into three groups, the control group, and different concentration of MMC, (MMC 0.25: 0.25 mg/mL or MMC 0.50: 0.5 mg/mL) were tested. Both MMC-treated groups received MMC twice injection on day 0 and day 7. Assessment of DES included changes in tear production (Schirmer's test), fluorescein staining pattern, conjunctival impression cytology, and corneal histological examination.

RESULTS:
After MMC injection, no obvious changes in the rabbit's eyes were noted by slit-lamp examination. Both the MMC 0.25 and the MMC 0.5 groups revealed decreased tear secretion after injection, and the MMC 0.25 group showed a continuous decrease in tear secretion up to 14 days. Fluorescent staining showed punctate keratopathy in both MMC-treated groups. In addition, both MMC-treated groups demonstrated decreased numbers of conjunctival goblet cells after injection.

CONCLUSION:
This model induced decreased tear production, punctate keratopathy, and decreased numbers of goblet cells, which are consistent with the current understanding of DES. Therefore, injecting MMC (0.25 mg/mL) into the LGs is an easy and reliable method to establish a rabbit DES model which can apply in new drug screening.
Deep phototherapeutic keratectomy for Schnyder corneal dystrophy
Authors: Chen Ching-An , Tung Hsiao-Fan , Liu Yu-Ling , Lin Chang-Ping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report a case of Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD) treated with deep phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). A 33-year-old man presented with a 5-year history of blurred vision and corneal haze in both eyes. Slit-lamp examination revealed needle-like subepithelial crystalline depositions and prominent arcus lipoides bilaterally. Similar clinical findings were observed in the patient’s father. A diagnosis of SCD was made on the basis of the clinical presentation. PTK was performed using a multizone, multipass, and shoot and check technique with the WaveLight EX500 excimer laser. After 22 months of follow-up, the best-corrected visual acuity had increased from 0.5 to 0.9 in the right eye and from 0.3 to 0.9 in the left eye. SCD is rare but has a unique ocular presentation, which facilitates the diagnosis. PTK can increase patients’ visual acuity and eliminate the need for aggressive management through penetrating keratoplasty or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.
Título en español
Authors: José A. Mari Mutt  
Published: May 2022

Por primera vez se cita la existencia de dimorfismo sexual en el colémbolo Willowsia jacobsoni (Börner). Esta es la cuarta especie de la familia Entomobryidae que presenta un dimorfismo sexual evidente. Los machos con coloración típica se diferencian de hembras típicas de su misma edad por la ausencia de pigmento en el mesotórax , menos pigmento en el cuarto segmento abdominal y por su menor tamaño. Estas diferencias, que permiten distinguir ambos sexos mucho antes de la etapa adulta, se aplican a más del 80% de los adultos; un porcentaje bajo presenta variaciones que se discuten brevemente. La especie es redescrita a base de ejemplares puertorriqueños que representan la primera cita del género Willowsia para la Región Neotropical. Se incluye y se comenta brevemente toda la literatura sobre esta especie. Se discute el status de las seis variedades de W. jacobsoni, las que se consideran como meras formas, aunque se indican algunos casos que pueden representar especies diferentes. La seda cefálica S6 puede ser una macro- o microseda o puede ser una macroseda en un lado de la cabeza y una microseda en el otro lado.
Effects of lipid-lowering treatment intensity and adherence on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with a recent myocardial infarction: a Swedish register-based study
Authors: Svensson Maria K. , Sorio Vilela Francesc , Leósdóttir Margrét , Banefelt Jonas , Lindh Maria , Rieem Dun Alexander , Norhammar Anna , Villa Guillermo 
Published: May 2022

Background: Oral lipid-lowering treatment (LLT) is the standard of care for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, insufficient treatment intensity and poor adherence can lead to suboptimal treatment benefit, rendering patients at increased risk of CVD.
Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate trends in LLT intensity and adherence in Sweden over time, and their association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after recent myocardial infarction (MI), and also to assess the impact of transition from secondary to primary care on intensity and adherence.
Methods and results: This retrospective observational cohort study used data from Swedish nationwide patient registers and included patients on LLT after an MI in the years 2010–2016 (n = 50,298; mean age, 68 years; 69% men). LLT intensity was evaluated over time (overall, for 2010–2013 and for 2014–2016) as the proportion of patients prescribed low-, moderate-, and high-intensity LLT. Adherence was assessed as the proportion of days covered. A combined measure of intensity and adherence was also considered. Differences in treatment patterns and MACE were assessed. Initiation of high-intensity LLT increased over the two time periods studied (2010–2013, 32%; 2014–2016, 91%). Adherence varied by LLT intensity and was highest in patients receiving high-intensity LLT (>80%), especially during the first time period. Little change in treatment intensity or the combined measure of intensity and adherence was observed after transition to primary care. There was a significant association between the combined measure of intensity and adherence and MACE reduction (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] per 10% increase in the combined measure: 0.84 [0.82–0.86]; P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The proportion of post-MI patients with high LLT intensity and adherence has increased in recent years, with little change after transfer from specialist to primary care. The combination of LLT intensity and adherence is important for preventing future cardiovascular events.
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T for peripheral zone prostate cancer: the influence of the b-value combination
on the diagnostic performance of apparent diffusion coefficient
Authors: Rezaeian Abbas , Ostovari Mohsen , Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi Mojtaba , Khanbabaei Hashem 
Published: May 2022

PurposeDiffusion-weighted imaging as a noninvasive functional modality plays a valuable role in the evaluation of prostate cancer. However, there is still no agreement on the number and range of b-values to be used. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of b-value choice on the diagnostic performance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for prostate cancer detection.Material and methodsFifty-nine consecutive patients with abnormal digital rectal examination findings and raised serum prostate-specific antigen were chosen for magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate before systematic 12-core trans­rectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies. ADC values for each ROI were calculated from different b-value combinations (0-1600 s/mm2) by a monoexponential model. Mann-Whitney and the paired-sample t-test were used to compare the mean ADC values for malignant lesions and noncancerous tissues. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ADC values in distinguishing prostate cancer from normal-tissue ROIs.ResultsThe differences between mean ADC values of malignant lesions and contralateral healthy tissues were significant for all the pairs of b-value combinations. The pair of b-values 50 and 1200 provided the highest AUC (0.94), with a sensitivity of 90.2%, a specificity of 92.6%, and an accuracy of 91.2% at an ADC cut-off of 1.23 × 10-3 mm2/s.ConclusionsOur study showed that using a 1.5-Tesla MRI scanner the diagnostic performance of ADC values estimated from the b-value pair 50 and 1200 s/mm2 was highest. However, some other b-value pairs provided statically comparable diagnostic performance.
Efficacy of Posterior-Anterior Glide Along With Active Lateral Rotation for Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: J. Hariharan , M. Kamalakannan 
Published: May 2022

Introduction and Aim: A complicated anatomical structure of our body enables movement in several planes and is important for everyday activities. Adhesive capsulitis or frozen shoulder produces pain and reduces the joint range of motion, especially external rotation. This study aimed to find the effectiveness of posteroanterior glide along with active lateral rotation for adhesive capsulitis.

Materials and Methods: Quasi-experimental study with a simple random sampling technique was followed. Thirty subjects with an age group 33 to 55 years, both gender with adhesive capsulitis. Non-cooperative patients, previous history of fracture in and around the shoulder joint, open wound in and around the shoulder joint, subjects with a loss of sensation around the shoulder joint were excluded. Pre and post-test values were measured using a visual analog scale and range of motion as outcome measures. The experimental group was given a posteroanterior glide along with active lateral rotation combined with shortwave diathermy. The conventional group was given conventional therapy along with shortwave diathermy. The frequency of the treatment was 5 days per week for 2 consecutive weeks. The values are tabulated and statistically evaluated.

Results: The post-test mean value of VAS in the experimental group was 4.20 and conventional group was 6.07. The post means value of ROM in the experimental group was 64.33 and conventional group was 29.67. Thus, the experimental group had a high statistical difference from the conventional group.

Conclusion: The study concludes that posterior-anterior glide along with active lateral rotation has a good effect on pain, and range of motion in adhesive capsulitis.