bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term pain trajectories in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Atukorala Inoshi , Downie Aron , Pathmeswaran Arunasalam , Deveza Leticia Miranda Alle , Chang Thashi , Zhang Yuqing , Hunter David John 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimIt is unknown if pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) follows distinct patterns over the short term. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify whether persons with a previous history of KOA pain fluctuations have distinct trajectories of pain over 90 days and to examine associations between baseline characteristics and pain trajectories.MethodPeople with a previous history of KOA were selected from a web‐based longitudinal study. Baseline variables were sex, age, being obese/overweight, years of KOA, knee injury, knee buckling, satisfactory Lubben Social Support Score, pain and stress scales, Intermittent Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Score (ICOAP), medication use, and physical activity. Participants completed a Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) pain subscale (KOOS‐p, rated 0 = extreme to 100 = no knee problems) at 10‐day intervals for 90 days. Short‐term KOOS‐p trajectories were identified using latent growth mixture modeling and the baseline risk factors for these pain trajectories were examined.ResultsParticipants (n = 313) had a mean age of 62.2 (SD ± 8.1) years and and a body mass index of 29.8 (SD ± 6.6) kg/m2. The three‐class latent growth mixture modeling quadratic model with best fit indices was chosen (based on lowest sample‐size‐adjusted Bayesian Information Criterion, high probability of belonging, interpretability). Three distinct pain trajectory clusters (over 90 days) were identified: low‐moderate pain at baseline with large improvement (n = 11), minimal change in pain over 90 days (n = 248), and moderate‐high pain with worsening (n = 46). Higher ICOAP (intermittent scale), perceived stress, negative affect score, and knee buckling at baseline were associated with a worse knee pain trajectory (P < 0.05).ConclusionsPersons with KOA showed unique short‐term pain trajectories over 90 days, with distinct characteristics at baseline associated with each trajectory.
Quality of life impact of eye diseases: a Save Sight Registries study
Authors: Kandel Himal , Nguyen Vuong , Piermarocchi Stefano , Ceklic Lala , Teo Kelvin , Arnalich‐Montiel Francisco , Miotto Stefania , Daien Vincent , Gillies Mark C. , Watson Stephanie L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the quality‐of‐life (QoL) impact of eye diseases (keratoconus; neovascular age‐related macular degeneration, AMD; retinal vein occlusion, RVO; and diabetic macular edema, DME) using the Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) questionnaire, and to determine the relationship between the IVI scores and visual acuity.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, multicentre, real‐world study utilised the prospective, web‐based Save Sight Registries. The IVI was completed by 1557 patients: 307 with keratoconus, 1049 with AMD, 148 with RVO and 53 with DME. Statistical analysis included Rasch analysis, Welcht‐test, one‐way ANOVA, Tukey's test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression.ResultsThe IVI scales (Overall; Visual Function, VF; Emotional, EM) had robust psychometric properties. The keratoconus patients had the worst Overall (adjusted mean: 48.2 vs. DME 58.8, RVO 64.6, AMD 67.6 units), VF (47.7 vs. DME 59.4, RVO 65.9, AMD 68.9 units) and EM (50.8 vs. DME 63.1, RVO 69.2, AMD 71.8 units) scores (allp < 0.05).The IVI scales scores weakly correlated with better and worse eye visual acuity (Pearson'sr0.24–0.39, allp < 0.05). The correlations were similar in the better eye (Overall 0.35, VF 0.39, EM 0.24) and the worse eye (Overall 0.31, VF 0.33, EM 0.25) visual acuity. Correlations with visual acuity were stronger for VF than for the EM scores.ConclusionsThe IVI was a psychometrically robust QoL questionnaire. Keratoconus patients had worse IVI scores than patients with retinal diseases. The low strength of correlations between visual acuity and QoL scores, although statistically significant, suggested that a complex relationship exists.
Pyridoxine or pyridoxal‐5‐phosphate treatment for seizures in glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency: A cohort study
Authors: Bayat Allan , Aledo‐Serrano Angel , Gil‐Nagel Antonio , Korff Christian M. , Thomas Ashley , Boßelmann Christian , Weber Yvonne , Gardella Elena , Lund Allan M , de Sain‐van der Velden Monique G. M. , Møller Rikke S 
Published: January 2022

AimTo investigate the short‐term efficacy and safety of high‐dose pyridoxine and pyridoxal 5‐phosphate (P5P) in the treatment of inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) deficiency‐associated epilepsy.MethodParticipants with genetically confirmed GPI deficiency were treated with oral pyridoxine or P5P as compassionate use in an agreed‐upon clinical regimen. Pyridoxine (20–30 mg/kg/day) was used for 3 months. Baseline evaluation included 4 weeks of prospective seizure data and one video electroencephalogram (EEG). Seizure frequency was captured daily. The EEG was repeated after reaching maximum dosage of pyridoxine. Pyridoxine was switched to P5P (20–30 mg/kg/day) if seizure burden was unchanged after 3 months' treatment. Another EEG was done after 3 months of P5P treatment. Primary outcome measures were reduction of seizure frequency and EEG improvements.ResultsSeven participants (one female, six males; age range 5–23 year; mean age 11 years 10 months, SD 5 year 2 months) were included. The genetic causes of inherited GPI deficiency were phosphatidylinositol N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A/T/V deficiency. All had drug‐resistant epilepsy and neurodevelopmental impairment. We observed more than 50% seizure frequency reduction in 2 out of 7 and less than 50% reduction in another 3 out of 7 participants. No participants reached seizure freedom. No remarkable changes in electrophysiological findings were observed in 6 out of 7 participants treated with pyridoxine or P5P when comparing the baseline and follow‐up EEGs.InterpretationWe observed no long‐lasting electrophysiological improvements during treatment but pyridoxine may reduce seizure frequency or burden in inherited GPI deficiency.What this paper adds

Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) deficiency often causes early‐onset and drug‐resistant epilepsy.

Vitamin B6 is a potential disease‐specific treatment; however, efficacy and safety are ill‐defined.

Pyridoxine may reduce seizure frequency or burden in inherited GPI deficiency.

Pyridoxine and P5P could prove to be a useful treatment in some individuals with inherited GPI deficiency and epilepsy.
Mechanistic and therapeutic role of Drp1 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bera Arpita , Lavanya Gantyada , Reshmi Ravada , Dev Kapil , Kumar Rahul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, has emerged as the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Two major pathological hallmarks have been identified for AD: extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Recently, dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1) was recognized to contribute significantly towards the pathogenesis of AD. Drp1 is primarily located in the cytosol, from where it translocates to the mitochondrial outer membrane and drives the mitochondrial fission via GTP hydrolysis. Drp1 interacts with Aβ and phosphorylated tau, leading to excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, which in turn results in synaptic dysfunction, neuronal damage and cognitive decline. Several studies suggest an increase in the level of Drp1 in the post‐mortem brain specimen collected from the AD patients and murine models of AD. Interestingly, heterozygous deletion of Drp1 in the transgenic murine model of AD ameliorates the mitochondrial dysfunction, improving learning and memory. The current review article discusses the possible mechanistic pathways by which Drp1 can influence the pathogenesis of AD. Besides, it will describe various inhibitors for Drp1 and their potential role as therapeutics for AD in the future.
Acquiring reason
Authors: Ionel Lucian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the last decades, there has been a far‐reaching debate about whether reason is a natural power of the human animal or a socio‐historical achievement. This paper brings out and criticizes two paradigmatic views of reason entangled in that dilemma: the substantive view which construes reason as a primitive power possessing the basic forms of intelligibility; and the derivative view which traces back reason to non‐rational, natural‐historic processes. I approach the issue by discussing how Aristotle addresses the underlying predicament in Metaphysics Theta. The predicament persuades us to overdetermine or underdetermine our natural potentiality for reason because it ignores what I call Aristotle's main insight: the understanding from which rational capacities are exercised is acquired by undertaking appropriate activities. The measure of rational capacities is neither merely naturally determined nor merely socio‐historically inherited but relies on the engagement with the things falling under the purview of the pertaining activities. We must recover this Aristotelian insight, I argue, to avoid succumbing to either the substantive or the derivative view of reason.
Longitudinal effects of physical exercise on health‐related outcomes based on frailty status in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Wakida Masanori , Asai Tsuyoshi , Kubota Ryo , Kuwabara Takayuki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Sato Haruhiko , Nakano Jiro , Mori Kimihiko , Ikezoe Tome , Hase Kimitaka 
Published: January 2022

AimTo clarify the difference in the longitudinal effects of physical exercise on health‐related outcomes according to the baseline frailty status (frail or non‐frail) in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsParticipants included 177 adults aged ≥65 years who carried out multicomponent physical exercises (strength, aerobic, gait and balance) for 40 min, one to three times per week, for 1 year at a day‐care center. Bodyweight, comfortable walking speed, 6‐min walking distance and Mini‐Mental State Examination were measured at baseline and every 3 months. For longitudinal trend, we analyzed the change in scores from baseline for each outcome using the linear mixed effects model. Fixed effects included “group” (frail or non‐frail), “time” (4 time points every 3 months, from 3 to 12 months) and “interaction between group and time.”ResultsThe effect sizes from baseline showed almost all positive values for each outcome. The linear mixed effects model showed significant effects on “interaction between group and time” in changes in bodyweight (P = 0.033), “group” in changes in walking speed (P = 0.013) and “time” in changes in the Mini‐Mental State Examination (P < 0.001). Bodyweight showed a decreasing trend in the non‐frail group after 3 months, unlike in the frail group. For walking speed, moderate effect sizes (d = 0.67–0.74) were sustained over time in the frail group, as did lesser effect sizes (d = 0.26–0.40) in the non‐frail group.ConclusionsExercise‐based multicomponent interventions were effective for both groups. The longitudinal effects on walking speed and bodyweight were greater in the frail group. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 213–218.
Dental hygienists’ biopsychosocial beliefs and giving autonomy support in treatment of patients: A self‐determination theory perspective
Authors: Halvari Anne E. M. , Ivarsson Andreas , Halvari Hallgeir , Dahl Kari E. , Olafsen Anja H. , Solstad Bård Erlend , Deci Edward L. , Williams Geoffrey 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesSelf‐determination theory posits that managers’ autonomy‐supportive behaviour and employees’ autonomy causality orientation are motivation constructs to explain internalization of values, functioning and wellness at work. Hypothesis 1 tested whether profiles comprising perceived dental clinic managers’ autonomy‐supportive, as opposed to their controlling interpersonal style, and dental hygienists’ autonomy, as opposed to their control and impersonal, causality orientations at baseline, would be positively related to dental hygienists’ biopsychosocial (BPS) beliefs and giving autonomy support in treatment of patients after 18 months. Hypothesis 2 tested whether dental hygienists’ BPS beliefs in treatment of patients will be positively associated with their autonomy‐supportive behaviour given to patients after 18 months.Material and methodsA prospective cohort design with 299 (Mage = 42.71; SDage = 12.62) dental hygienists completed an online survey at baseline and after 18 months.ResultsLatent profile and correlational analyses supported the hypotheses. Effect sizes were moderate to large.ConclusionsBoth perceived managerial styles and dental hygienists’ causality orientations are important for dental hygienists’ BPS beliefs and autonomy‐supportive behaviours when working with dental patients.
The dentine‐sealer interface: Modulation of antimicrobial effects by irrigation
Authors: Kapralos Vasileios , Valen Håkon , Koutroulis Andreas , Camilleri Josette , Ørstavik Dag , Sunde Pia Titterud 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimAssess whether sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine (CHX) and two irrigation protocols may alter the antibacterial properties of dentine and three endodontic sealers using a novelex vivotooth model.MethodologyPrior to antibacterial testing, the tooth model was validated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the separation between dentine and sealer surfaces. Root blocks prepared from extracted human roots were pre‐treated with 17% EDTA + 0.9% saline and subsequently treated with 1% NaOCl (G1), 2% CHX (G2) or no irrigant (G3). Two irrigation protocols were further investigated, “1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA” (P1) and “1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + 2% CHX” (P2). Following irrigation, the root blocks were either filled with AH Plus, BioRoot RCS and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS), or left empty. All groups were incubated for 1, 7 and 28 days. Direct contact tests for planktonicE. faecalisand 48 hE. faecalisbiofilms were performed at the level of dentine and sealer surfaces. Statistical analysis was performed on the bacterial survival between irrigants (G1, G2 and G3) and between irrigation protocols (P1 and P2);p < .05.ResultsThe model was considered reproducible as SEM examination of dentine samples indicated consistent separation between dentine and sealer surfaces. Irrigation with CHX (G2) and irrigation protocol P2 enhanced the antibacterial properties of dentine without sealer application as well as dentine in contact with all three sealers tested, especially against planktonicE. faecalis. G2 and P2 also improved the antibacterial effect of AH Plus surfaces for all three incubation times. No irrigation groups (G1, G2) or irrigation protocols (P1, P2) altered the antibacterial properties of BioRoot RCS surfaces against planktonic bacteria or biofilms. Only BioRoot RCS surfaces eliminated the planktonicE. faecalisin all irrigation groups (G1, G2, G3) and protocols (P1, P2) investigated whilst PCS surfaces eliminateE. faecalisin biofilms in all groups up to 7 days.ConclusionsThe tooth model was reproducible. CHX improved the antibacterial activity upon both sealer and dentine surfaces. Amongst sealers, BioRoot RCS was less affected by NaOCl and CHX, and exhibited high antibacterial properties regardless the irrigation applied.
It is better with a shade of blue! Consumer evaluation of unisex extension of brands
Authors: Bhanja Nivedita , Mehta Ritu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLaunching unisex or agender extension of existing brands is being increasingly practiced by marketers today. However, there is limited research that explores consumers’ responses to unisex brand extensions. The purpose of this research was to contribute to the understanding of consumer evaluation of the agender extension of brands. It uses the theory of social identity as an overarching conceptual lens to examine the influence of consumer’s biological gender, gender image of the parent brand, and product type on the evaluation of the unisex extension of brands. Hypotheses are developed and tested across three experimental studies conducted among graduate student‐participants of a management school. Our findings suggest that women compared to men are more favorable towards unisex brand extensions and unisex offerings in general. Additionally, a unisex extension of a masculine brand is preferred over feminine brands by both men and women. Finally, for products that are higher on symbolic value women evaluate unisex extension more favorably, whereas for men the evaluations worsen. The research findings will help managers in taking unisex brand extension decisions.
Valence of formal learning, employability and the moderating roles of transformational leadership and informal learning in the public sector
Authors: van den Elsen Josine , Vermeeren Brenda , Steijn Bram 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between the valence of formal learning (perceived usefulness of the outcomes of formal learning for daily work and ambitions) and the employability‐related competences of public sector employees. Furthermore, the moderating roles of social informal learning and transformational leadership (TFL) are investigated. We conducted hierarchical linear regression analyses, using secondary cross‐sectional data from Dutch public service employees (n = 8858). The results show that the valence of formal learning increases employees’ employability competences. Additionally, TFL strengthens this relationship for two of the employability competences. However, TFL also negatively moderated the relation between valence and one of the employability competences. Social informal learning was found not to have a moderating effect but to directly contribute to the development of employability competences. The results question the predominant focus in research on participating in formal learning to increase employability competences and adds new insights by introducing the valence of formal learning to the employability literature. Some implications for future research are given related to the limitations of this article, such as the use of cross‐sectional data. The findings show the relevance of formal learning with high valence for boosting employability. Therefore, employers should encourage formal learning and employees should carefully consider its expected valence. Furthermore, the results show that employers should enhance transformational leadership styles and stimulate employees to learn informally. This study provides further evidence for the relationship between formal learning and employability competences by considering the valence of formal learning rather than focusing on whether or not someone has participated in formal learning. Furthermore, it extends previous employability research by considering the moderating roles of social informal learning and of TFL.
Efficacy of combined androgen blockade therapy in patients with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer stratified by tumor burden
Authors: Nagumo Yoshiyuki , Onozawa Mizuki , Kojima Takahiro , Terada Naoki , Shiota Masaki , Mitsuzuka Koji , Yasumoto Hiroaki , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Enokida Hideki , Sugiyama Takayuki , Kuroiwa Kentaro , Saito Toshihiro , Yokomizo Akira , Kohei Naoki , Tabata Ken‐ichi , Takahashi Atsushi , Sugimoto Mikio , Kitamura Hiroshi , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Nishiyama Hiroyuki ,   Japanese Urological Oncology Group (JUOG)
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of combined androgen blockade with a first‐generation anti‐androgen on the prognoses of metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients stratified by tumor burden.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the cases of metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients who were treated with androgen deprivation therapy in 2008–2017 at 30 institutions in Japan. To compare the overall survival and progression‐free survival rates of the patients treated with castration monotherapy and combined androgen blockade, we carried out a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis using both inverse probability of treatment weighting and instrumental variables methods. High‐burden disease was defined as the presence of four or more bone metastases and/or visceral metastasis.ResultsOf 2048 patients, 702 (34.3%) and 1346 (65.7%) patients were classified as the low‐ and high‐burden groups, respectively. In each group, >80% of the patients were treated with combined androgen blockade. Although there was no significant between‐group difference in the overall survival according to the androgen deprivation therapy method, in the high‐burden group the progression‐free survival of the combined androgen blockade‐treated patients was significantly better than that of patients treated with castration monotherapy: inverse probability of treatment weighting method, hazard ratio 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.34–0.71; instrumental variables method, hazard ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.60–0.98.ConclusionIn the high‐burden group, combined androgen blockade with a first‐generation anti‐androgen resulted in superior progression‐free survival compared with castration monotherapy. For well‐selected metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients, the use of combined androgen blockade might still have some suitable scenarios.
Is benzyl alcohol a significant contact sensitizer?
Authors: Geier J. , Ballmer‐Weber B. , Buhl T. , Rieker‐Schwienbacher J. , Mahler V. , Dickel H. , Schubert S. ,   for the IVDK
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundBenzyl alcohol is a widely used preservative, solvent and fragrance material. According to published data, it is a rare sensitizer in humans.ObjectivesTo identify characteristics and sensitization patterns of patients with positive patch test reactions to benzyl alcohol and to check the reliability of the patch test preparation benzyl alcohol 1% pet.Patients and MethodsRetrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), 2010–2019.ResultsOf 70 867 patients patch tested with benzyl alcohol 1% pet., 146 (0.21%) showed a positive reaction, most of them (89%) only weakly positive. The number of doubtful and irritant reactions significantly exceeded the number of positive reactions. Reproducibility of positive test reactions was low. Among benzyl alcohol‐positive patients, compared to benzyl alcohol‐negative patients, there were significantly more patients with leg dermatitis (17.8% vs. 8.6%), more patients aged 40 years or more (81.5% vs. 70.5%) and more patients who were tested because of a suspected intolerance reaction to topical medications (34.9% vs. 16.6%). Concomitant positive reactions were mainly seen to fragrances, preservatives and ointment bases.ConclusionsSensitization to benzyl alcohol occurs very rarely, mainly in patients with stasis dermatitis. In view of our results, benzyl alcohol cannot be regarded as a significant contact allergen, and therefore marking it as skin sensitizer 1B and labelling it with H 317 is not helpful.