bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regression with an imputed dependent variable
Authors: Crossley Thomas F. , Levell Peter , Poupakis Stavros 
Published: June 2022

SummaryResearchers are often interested in the relationship between two variables, with no single data set containing both. A common strategy is to use proxies for the dependent variable that are common to two surveys to impute the dependent variable into the data set containing the independent variable. We show that commonly employed regression or matching‐based imputation procedures lead to inconsistent estimates. We offer a consistent and easily implemented two‐step estimator, “rescaled regression prediction.” We derive the correct asymptotic standard errors for this estimator and demonstrate its relationship to alternative approaches. We illustrate with empirical examples using data from the US Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID).
Generalized Kubelka's theory for light transmission in multilayer materials and its application for UV light penetration in filtering facepiece respirators
Authors: Farnood Ramin , Mahmoud Housyn , Gibson John , Mao Ted , Odegaard Conrad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 has resulted in the shortage of filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). As a result, the use of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for disinfection and reuse of FFRs has been the topic of much investigation. In this article, a mathematical model is developed based on Kubelka's theory to determine light transmission in multilayer materials, such as N95 masks. Using this model, the predicted UV transmittance and absorbance of a N95 mask layers were found to be in close agreement with the experimental values. In addition, when the mask was exposed to UV equally from both surfaces, the estimated minimum UV irradiance inside the N95 mask was 14.5% of the incident irradiance, suggesting a significant degree of light penetration. The proposed model provides a simple and practical methodology for the design and use of UV decontamination equipment for FFRs and other multilayer materials.
Mineral Crystal Thickness in Calcified Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Human Knees
Authors: Finnilä Mikko A.J. , Das Gupta Shuvashis , Turunen Mikael J. , Hellberg Iida , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Lutz-Bueno Viviane , Jonsson Elin , Holler Mirko , Ali Neserin , Hughes Velocity , Isaksson Hanna , Tjörnstrand Jon , Önnerfjord Patrik , Guizar-Sicairos Manuel , Saarakkala Simo , Englund Martin 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, where articular cartilage degradation is often accompanied with sclerosis of the subchondral bone. However, the association between OA and tissue mineralization at the nanostructural level is currently not understood. In particular, it is technically challenging to study calcified cartilage, where relevant but poorly understood pathological processes such as tidemark multiplication and advancement occur. Here, we used state-of-the-art microfocus small-angle X-ray scattering with a 5-μm spatial resolution to determine the size and organization of the mineral crystals at the nanostructural level in human subchondral bone and calcified cartilage. Specimens with a wide spectrum of OA severities were acquired from both medial and lateral compartments of medial compartment knee OA patients (n = 15) and cadaver knees (n = 10). Opposing the common notion, we found that calcified cartilage has thicker and more mutually aligned mineral crystals than adjoining bone. In addition, we, for the first time, identified a well-defined layer of calcified cartilage associated with pathological tidemark multiplication, containing 0.32 nm thicker crystals compared to the rest of calcified cartilage. Finally, we found 0.2 nm thicker mineral crystals in both tissues of the lateral compartment in OA compared with healthy knees, indicating a loading-related disease process because the lateral compartment is typically less loaded in medial compartment knee OA. In summary, we report novel changes in mineral crystal thickness during OA. Our data suggest that unloading in the knee might be involved with the growth of mineral crystals, which is especially evident in the calcified cartilage. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Secret consumer behaviors in close relationships
Authors: Brick Danielle J. , Wight Kelley Gullo , Fitzsimons Gavan J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough close relationships are often characterized by openness and disclosure, in the present research, we propose that there are times when individuals choose not to tell close others about their consumer behavior, keeping it a secret. For example, one partner may eat a candy bar on the way home from work, hide a package that was delivered to the house, or hire a cleaning service and not tell the other partner. We theorize that this type of consumer behavior is both common and mundane. That is, the consumption itself is minor—and has likely been done with the partner's knowledge in the past—but is being intentionally kept from the partner. We further investigate whether such behavior has downstream effects on the relationship, despite its mundaneness. Five studies support our conceptualization of secret consumer behaviors in close relationships and illustrate one consequence: guilt from secret consumption leads to greater relationship investment. This research explores a common, yet understudied, area of consumer behavior and highlights areas for future research. Thus, we contribute to the literature by being the first work to examine emotional, behavioral, and relational aspects of secret consumer behavior.
TP53 Mutation Estimation Based on MRI Radiomics Analysis for Breast Cancer
Authors: Sun Kun , Zhu Hong , Chai Weimin , Yan Fuhua 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNoninvasive detection of TP53 mutations is useful for the molecular stratification of breast cancer.PurposeTo explore MRI radiomics features reflecting TP53 mutations in breast cancer and propose a classifier for detecting such mutations.Study TypeRetrospective.Population/SubjectsA total of 139 breast cancer patients with TP53 expression profiling (98 with TP53 mutations and 41 without TP53 mutations).Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T, T1‐weighted (T1W) DCE‐MRI.AssessmentLesions were manually segmented using subtracted T1WI. A total of 944 radiomics features (including 744 wavelet‐related features) and 7 clinicopathological features were extracted from each lesion. Principal component analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to preprocess the features. Linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) were used as the classifiers.Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis and recursive features elimination were used to select features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic accuracy.ResultsFor the radiomics model, the validation cohorts AUCs of the four classifiers ranged from 0.69 (RF) to 0.74 (LR), and LR (0.74) attained the highest AUCs. For the clinicopathological–radiomics combined model, the validation AUCs of the four classifiers ranged from 0.68 (RF) to 0.86 (SVM), and SVM (0.86) attained highest AUCs. In the subgroup analysis of triple‐negative (TN) and luminal type breast cancer, RF achieved the highest AUCs (0.83 and 0.94).Data ConclusionClinicopathological–radiomics combined model with SVM could be used as noninvasive biomarkers for predicting TP53 mutations. RF was recommended for the detection of TP53 mutations in TN and luminal type breast cancer.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Effects of baloxavir and oseltamivir antiviral therapy on the transmission of seasonal influenza in China: A mathematical modeling analysis
Authors: Jiang Yawen , Lin Yi‐Fan , Shi Si , Chen Daqin , Shu Yuelong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNew antiviral influenza treatments can effectively alleviate illness while reducing viral shedding. However, how such effects can translate into lower population infections of seasonal influenza in China remains unknown. To shed light on the public health impacts of novel antiviral agents for influenza, we constructed a dynamic transmission model to simulate the seasonal influenza epidemics in China. Two antivirus treatments, baloxavir and oseltamivir, were evaluated by estimating their impacts on the incidences of influenza infection in a single flu season. In the base‐case analysis of a 10% antiviral treatment uptake rate, 2760 and 3420 per 10 000 persons contracted influenza under the treatment of baloxavir and oseltamivir, respectively. These incidence rates amounted to an 18.90% relative risk reduction (RRR) of infection associated with baloxavir in relation to oseltamivir. The corresponding RRR was 82.16% when the antiviral treatment uptake rate was increased to 35%. In addition, the peak of the prevalence of infected individuals per 10 000 persons under the baloxavir treatment was 177 (range: 93–274) fewer than that of oseltamivir. Our analyses suggest that the baloxavir treatment strategy reduces the incidence of influenza in China compared with oseltamivir in the setting of a seasonal flu epidemic. Also, increasing the uptake rate of antiviral treatment can potentially prevent millions of infections during a single flu season.
Level dependent alterations in human facet cartilage mechanics and bone morphometry with spine degeneration
Authors: Gupta Sachin , Xiao Rui , Fainor Matthew , Mauck Robert L. , Smith Harvey E. , Gullbrand Sarah E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe zygapophyseal joints of the spine, also known as the facet joints, are paired diarthrodial joints posterior to the intervertebral disc and neural elements. The pathophysiology of facet osteoarthritis (OA), as well as crosstalk between the disc and facets, remains largely understudied compared to disc degeneration. The purpose of this study was to characterize alterations to human facet cartilage and subchondral bone across a spectrum of degeneration and to investigate correlations between disc and facet degeneration. Human lumbar facet articular surfaces from six independent donors were subject to creep indentation mechanical testing to quantify cartilage mechanical properties, followed by microcomputed tomography (µCT) analyses for subchondral bone morphometry. The degenerative state of each articular surface was assessed via macroscopic scoring and via Osteoarthritis Research Society International histopathology scoring. Our data suggest reduced facet cartilage compressive and tensile moduli and increased permeability with increasing degenerative grade, particularly at the lower levels of the spine. µCT analyses revealed spinal level‐dependent alterations to the subchondral bone, with an increase in trabecular bone at the L4−L5 level, but a decrease at the upper levels of the lumbar spine with increasing degenerative grade. Cortical bone volume fraction was generally decreased with increasing degenerative grade across spinal levels. Correlation analysis revealed several associations between quantitative measures of disc degeneration and facet OA. This study showed that alterations in the mechanical properties of facet cartilage and in the structural properties of facet subchondral bone correlated with aspects of disc degeneration and were highly dependent on spinal level.
Quantification and visualization of anterior pelvis bone density to optimize screw fixation: A novel technique
Authors: Allen Jerad D. , Telfer Scott , Linnau Kenneth F. , Brunnquell Christina L. , Zamora David A. , Hippe Daniel S. , Agel Julie , Kleweno Conor P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlate fixation of anterior pelvic ring fractures is often a vital component when surgically treating unstable pelvis fractures. Certain plate and screw configurations can have premature implant loosening, potentially in part due to insufficient pullout strength in lower density bone. This study sought to define densities about the anterior pelvic ring using a novel computer‐based technique. Thirty‐three patients who received a computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen/pelvis for reasons other than pelvis fracture in a 1‐month time period were included. Three statistically distinct density regions of the anterior pelvis were identified based on the three‐dimensional (3D) density map. The densest regions included both the anterior and posterior aspects of the superior pubic ramus, along with the region of bone along the inferior cotyloid fossa. The intermediate density region included the caudal and medial pubic body. The least dense region included the anterior aspect of the inferior pubic ramus (IPR), the posterior pubic body, and the posterior/inferior IPR. This study presents specific quantification of anterior pelvis bone density based on a novel technique using opportunistic CT scans. Clinical Significance: Anterior surgical fixation of unstable pelvic ring injuries may benefit from targeting areas of higher density as described in this novel technique.
Nutrition as a risk for mortality and functionality in critically ill older adults
Authors: Loss Sergio Henrique , Teichmann Pedro do Valle , Pedroso de Paula Tatiana , Gross Luiza de Azevedo , Costa Vicente Lobato , Lisboa Bernardo Oppermann , Sperb Luiza Ferreira , Viana Marina Verçoza , Viana Luciana Verçoza 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is no specific recommendation for nutrition therapy for critically ill older adults. However, targeting energy and protein balance and avoiding fasting could improve outcomes in this population with high‐risk nutrition outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between nutrition and mortality/functionality in critically ill older patients.MethodsA single‐center retrospective observational study of critically ill patients aged 65 years or older was conducted. We extracted data from the dietitian evaluations on energy, protein, and the type of diet (fasting, oral, enteral, or parenteral) prescribed in the first week of intensive care unit admission. Primary outcomes were intrahospital mortality and independence and functional capacity evaluated after hospital discharge.ResultsOf the 2043 patients screened, 533 were included in the study. Most patients were men (52.1%), with a median age of 73 (68–78) years. Overall, the intrahospital mortality rate was 53.8%. Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3), serum albumin and C‐reactive protein levels, and surgical patients were independently associated with fasting in a multivariate analysis. The multivariate regression analyses showed that SAPS 3, serum albumin level, and fasting were independently associated with mortality. Each fasting day increases the risk of mortality by 16.7%. Also, independence and functional capacity were not related to nutrition prescription.ConclusionOlder adults (65 years or older) constitute a fragile population in whom nutrition breaks were associated with increased hospital mortality. Furthermore, a prospective clinical trial is necessary to establish the best strategy to feed this population.
Raman Fourier transform imaging: Application to melamine and melamine‐milk powder mixtures analysis
Authors: Stevens François , Beghuin Didier , Delgrange Maxime , Arnould Quentin , Baeten Vincent , Fernández Pierna Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMelamine is a chemical compound generating a very characteristic Raman signature. This component is fraudulently added to milk to artificially increase its nitrogen content (and thereby its apparent protein content). In this paper, we evaluate the ability of a specific wide‐field Fourier‐based Raman imaging system to identify melamine. The melamine is studied in powder form or diluted and dried out on SERS (surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy) Cu2O‐Ag substrate, which enhances the Raman signature. In both forms, we show that the spatial content of the information is an asset to characterize the samples; on SERS, we demonstrate the inhomogeneity of the deposition, and in powder form, we identify melamine as individual grain mixed with milk powder. The specific wide‐field imaging technology features much higher laser excitation with lower local intensity than traditional point to point Raman measurement, thereby reducing the acquisition time for full data sets.
Raman spectroscopy of anhydrous and hydrated aluminum sulfates: Experience from burning coal heaps
Authors: Košek Filip , Culka Adam , Rousaki Anastasia , Vandenabeele Peter , Jehlička Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydrated aluminum‐rich sulfates belong to less widespread secondary minerals on Mars, which are probably connected with hydrothermal alterations. On Earth, such sulfates result from acidic weathering of aluminosilicates, and their formation is controlled by factors such as pH, temperature, or water activity. Physical–chemical conditions can be reconstructed if specific sulfate phases are detected, and therefore, the investigation of sulfate assemblages in high‐temperature settings is important for planetology and exobiology research. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool for the discrimination of sulfates, and the degree of hydration, which is a sensitive marker of temperature conditions, can be tracked using this method. However, spectral similarities of sulfates and metastability and rapid transformations may hinder their correct identification. We take advantage of in situ and laboratory Raman spectroscopy to characterize uncommon anhydrous and hydrated Al‐NH4sulfate mineralogy which forms under elevated temperature at the Anna burning coal waste dump, Alsdorf, Germany, and can be considered as analogous to fumarolic environments. We detected a suite of hydrated Al sulfates (e.g. alunogen, khademite, and tschermigite) in the medium‐temperature zones (~50°C). To minimize possible rehydration processes, we deployed two miniaturized Raman spectrometers (532 and 1064 nm) for field investigations in the high‐temperature zone (~130°C to 150°C). Mixtures of anhydrous (godovikovite and millosevichite) and hydrated phases along with intermediate phases were detected in the field as well as in the laboratory. Such observations are consistent with the premise that the degree hydration of sulfates increase with decreasing temperature. These results confirm that Raman spectroscopy is, despite several analytical challenges, capable of distinguishing Al sulfates, and their hydration states, within complex aggregates and crusts, and future applications in planetary research are promising.
Development and validation of rapid ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopic method for the quantification of N‐nitrosodimethyl amine and N‐nitrosodiethyl amine in sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride immediate and extended‐release formulations
Authors: Mallavarapu Ravindra , Katari Naresh Kumar , Siddhani Vijaya Krishna , Marisetti Vishnu Murthy , Rekulapally Vijay Kumar , Vyas Govind , Jonnalagadda Sreekanth Babu 
Published: June 2022

A simple, effective LC–MS based method is developed and validated to determine N‐nitrosodimethylamine and N‐nitrosodiethylamine in pharmaceutical formulations of Sitagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride combination dosage forms. Atlantis T3 (100 × 3 mm, 3 μm) column, eluent‐A (0.1% formic acid in water), and eluent‐B (0.1% formic acid in methanol) were used to achieve chromatographic separation. A gradient program time (min)/%B: 0.01/3, 2/3, 4/55, 5/55, 5.5/90, 6.0/90, 6.5/3, and 7/3, and column flow rate: 0.75 mL/min was employed. The column oven and auto sample cooler temperatures were 40°C and 10°C, respectively. Atmospheric Pressure Ionisation positive mode with corona discharge potential as 4.0 V, drying gas (N2) flow as 110 mL/min, and nebulizer gas (N2) flow as 350 mL/min. Employing PerkinElmer triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, QSight 200 series, the source temperature was 450°C, and hot surface‐induced desolvation temperature was 250°C. Under optimized conditions, diluent‐1 and diluent‐2 offered better recovery and improved peak shapes. The required method sensitivity of nitrosodimethylamine (LOQ 0.74 ng/mL) and nitrosodiethylamine (LOQ 0.37 ng/mL) for the nitrosamine impurities were achieved using an optimized test concentration of Metformin hydrochloride at 45.7 mg/mL.
Simultaneous separation and determination of five chlorogenic acid isomers in Honeysuckle by capillary electrophoresis using self‐synthesized ionic liquid [N‐methylimidazole‐β‐cyclodextrin] [bromide] as separation selector
Authors: Xie Wenyu , Yu Yanping , Hou Meijuan , Zhang Yiqiong , Yu Haixia , Zhang Hongfen , Zhang Guangbin , Jing Huanwang , Chen Anjia 
Published: June 2022

A simple, comprehensive, and efficient capillary electrophoresis method using a self‐synthesized ionic liquid [N‐methylimidazole‐β‐cyclodextrin] [bromide] as a separation selector was developed for the simultaneous separation and determination of five chlorogenic acid isomers (chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B). After optimization of separation conditions, the electrolyte solution was 50 mM ammonium acetate buffer containing 0.7% (w/w) ionic liquid [N‐methylimidazole‐β‐cyclodextrin] [bromide] (pH 4.8), 15 kV of the electric field was applied at 25°C, and the detection wavelength was at 237 nm. Under the optimal separation conditions, good linearities were obtained with linear correlation coefficients of the five analytes of 0.9994–0.9998, and the limits of detection and the limits of quantification were 0.6–2.8 and 2.2–9.5 μg/ml. Excellent accuracy and precision were obtained for the five analytes. The intraday and interday precision of standards ranged from 0.5 to 1.3% and from 1.2 to 1.9%. The intraday and interday precision of samples ranged from 1.0 to 1.9% and from 1.2 to 2.6%. The sample recovery rates were between 98.0 and 101.8%. This method was successfully applied for the analysis of five components in Honeysuckle Chinese medicinal preparations. The mechanisms involved in the separation of five analytes by [N‐methylimidazole‐β‐cyclodextrin] [bromide] were discussed.
Machine learning techniques to characterize functional traits of plankton from image data
Authors: Orenstein Eric C. , Ayata Sakina‐Dorothée , Maps Frédéric , Becker Érica C. , Benedetti Fabio , Biard Tristan , de Garidel‐Thoron Thibault , Ellen Jeffrey S. , Ferrario Filippo , Giering Sarah L. C. , Guy‐Haim Tamar , Hoebeke Laura , Iversen Morten Hvitfeldt , Kiørboe Thomas , Lalonde Jean‐François , Lana Arancha , Laviale Martin , Lombard Fabien , Lorimer Tom , Martini Séverine , Meyer Albin , Möller Klas Ove , Niehoff Barbara , Ohman Mark D. , Pradalier Cédric , Romagnan Jean‐Baptiste , Schröder Simon‐Martin , Sonnet Virginie , Sosik Heidi M. , Stemmann Lars S. , Stock Michiel , Terbiyik‐Kurt Tuba , Valcárcel‐Pérez Nerea , Vilgrain Laure , Wacquet Guillaume , Waite Anya M. , Irisson Jean‐Olivier 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlankton imaging systems supported by automated classification and analysis have improved ecologists' ability to observe aquatic ecosystems. Today, we are on the cusp of reliably tracking plankton populations with a suite of lab‐based and in situ tools, collecting imaging data at unprecedentedly fine spatial and temporal scales. But these data have potential well beyond examining the abundances of different taxa; the individual images themselves contain a wealth of information on functional traits. Here, we outline traits that could be measured from image data, suggest machine learning and computer vision approaches to extract functional trait information from the images, and discuss promising avenues for novel studies. The approaches we discuss are data agnostic and are broadly applicable to imagery of other aquatic or terrestrial organisms.