bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gamma-ray bursts fundamental plane correlation as a cosmological tool
Authors: Dainotti M G , Lenart A Ł , Chraya A , Sarracino G , Nagataki S , Fraija N , Capozziello S , Bogdan M 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Cosmological models and their corresponding parameters are widely debated because of the current discrepancy between the results of the Hubble constant, H0, obtained by SNe Ia, and the Planck data from the cosmic microwave background radiation. Thus, considering high redshift probes like gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is a necessary step. However, using GRB correlations between their physical features to infer cosmological parameters is difficult because GRB luminosities span several orders of magnitude. In our work, we use a three-dimensional relation between the peak prompt luminosity, the rest-frame time at the end of the X-ray plateau, and its corresponding luminosity in X-rays: the so-called 3D Dainotti fundamental plane relation. We correct this relation by considering the selection and evolutionary effects with a reliable statistical method, obtaining a lower central value for the intrinsic scatter, σint = 0.18 ± 0.07 (47.1 per cent) compared to previous results, when we adopt a particular set of GRBs with well-defined morphological features, called the platinum sample. We have used the GRB fundamental plane relation alone with both Gaussian and uniform priors on cosmological parameters and in combination with SNe Ia and BAO measurements to infer cosmological parameters like H0, the matter density in the universe (ΩM), and the dark energy parameter w for a wCDM model. Our results are consistent with the parameters given by the Lambda cold dark matter model but with the advantage of using cosmological probes detected up to z = 5, much larger than the one observed for the furthest SNe Ia.
Extragalactic neutrino-emission induced by supermassive and stellar mass black hole mergers
Authors: Jaroschewski Ilja , Becker Tjus Julia , Biermann Peter L 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The recent detections of binary stellar mass black hole mergers by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations suggest that such mergers are common occurrences. Galaxy mergers further indicate that supermassive black holes in centres of galaxies also merge and are typically expected to have had at least one merger in their lifetime, possibly many. In the presence of a jet, these mergers are almost always accompanied by a change of the jet direction and a connected jet precession motion, leading to interactions of the jet with ambient matter and producing high-energy particles, and consequently high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos. In this work, we investigate the possibility under which conditions such mergers could be the sources of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The main free parameters in the calculation concern the frequency of the mergers and the fraction of energy that is transferred from the gravitationally released energy to neutrinos. We show that the merger rate for SMBBHs must lie between ∼10−7 and 10−5 Gpc−3 yr−1. The ratio of energy going to neutrinos during such mergers lies then between ∼10−6 and 3 × 10−4. For stellar mass BBH mergers, the rate needs to be ∼10–100 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the expected ratio of neutrino to GW energy lies in a comparable range as for SMBBHs, ∼2 × 10−5–10−3. These values lie in a reasonable parameter range, so that the production of neutrinos at the level of the detected neutrino flux is a realistic possibility.
H-FISTA: a hierarchical algorithm for phase retrieval with application to pulsar dynamic spectra
Authors: Osłowski Stefan , Walker Mark A 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
A pulsar dynamic spectrum is an inline digital hologram of the interstellar medium; it encodes information on the propagation paths by which signals have travelled from source to telescope. To decode the hologram, it is necessary to ‘retrieve’ the phases of the wavefield from intensity measurements, which directly gauge only the field modulus, by imposing additional constraints on the model. We present a new method for phase retrieval in the context of pulsar spectroscopy. Our method makes use of the Fast Iterative Shrinkage Thresholding Algorithm (FISTA) to obtain sparse models of the wavefield in a hierarchical approach with progressively increasing depth. Once the tail of the noise distribution is reached the hierarchy terminates with a final, unregularized optimization. The result is a fully dense model of the complex wavefield that permits the discovery of faint signals by appropriate averaging. We illustrate the performance of our method on synthetic test cases and on real data. Our algorithm, which we call H-FISTA, is implemented in the python programming language and is freely available.
Plasma lensing near the eclipses of the Black Widow pulsar B1957+20
Authors: Lin F X , Main R A , Jow D , Li D Z , Pen U-L , van Kerkwijk M H 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Recently, several eclipsing millisecond pulsars have been shown to experience strong and apparent weak lensing from the outflow of their ionized companions. Lensing can be a powerful probe of the ionized plasma, with the strongest lenses potentially resolving emission regions of pulsars. Understanding lensing in the ‘laboratory-like’ conditions of an eclipsing pulsar may be analogously applied to fast radio bursts, many of which reside in dense, magnetized environments. We examined variable dispersion measure (DM), absorption, scattering, and flux density in the original Black Widow pulsar PSR B1957+20 through an eclipse at the Arecibo Observatory at $327\, {\rm MHz}$. We discovered clear evidence of the two regimes of lensing, strong, and apparent weak. We show that the flux density variations in the apparently weak lensing regime can be modelled directly from variations of DM, using geometric optics. The mean effective velocities in the ingress, $(954\pm 99)\, {\rm km\, s^{-1}}$, and egress $(604\pm 47)\, {\rm km\, s^{-1}}$ cannot be explained by orbital motions alone, but are consistent with significant outflow velocity of material from the companion. We also show that geometric optics can predict when and where the lensing regime-change between weak and strong occurs, and argue that the apparent weak lensing is due to averaging many images. Our framework can be applied in any source with variable electron columns, measuring their relative velocities and distances. In other eclipsing pulsars, this provides a unique opportunity to measure companion outflow velocity, predict regions of weak and strong lensing, and in principle independently constrain orbital inclinations.
The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ≃ 8 – 15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging
Authors: Donnan C T , McLeod D J , Dunlop J S , McLure R J , Carnall A C , Begley R , Cullen F , Hamadouche M L , Bowler R A A , Magee D , McCracken H J , Milvang-Jensen B , Moneti A , Targett T 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We reduce and analyse the available JWST ERO and ERS NIRCam imaging (SMACS0723, GLASS, CEERS) in combination with the latest deep ground-based near-infrared imaging in the COSMOS field (provided by UltraVISTA DR5) to produce a new measurement of the evolving galaxy UV luminosity function (LF) over the redshift range z = 8 − 15. This yields a new estimate of the evolution of UV luminosity density (ρUV), and hence cosmic star formation rate density (ρSFR) out to within &lt;300 Myr of the Big Bang. Our results confirm that the high-redshift LF is best described by a double power law (rather than a Schechter) function up to z ∼ 10, and that the LF and the resulting derived ρUV (and thus ρSFR), continues to decline gradually and steadily up to z ∼ 15 (as anticipated from previous studies which analysed the pre-existing data in a consistent manner to this study). We provide details of the 61 high-redshift galaxy candidates, 47 of which are new, that have enabled this new analysis. Our sample contains 6 galaxies at z ≥ 12, one of which appears to set a new redshift record as an apparently robust galaxy candidate at z ≃ 16.4, the properties of which we therefore consider in detail. The advances presented here emphasize the importance of achieving high dynamic range in studies of early galaxy evolution, and re-affirm the enormous potential of forthcoming larger JWST programmes to transform our understanding of the young Universe.
Newly discovered Ca ii absorbers in the early Universe: statistics, element abundances, and dust
Authors: Fang Hannah , Xia Iona , Ge Jian , Willis Kevin , Zhao Yinan 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We report discoveries of 165 new quasar Ca ii absorbers from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Releases 7 and 12. Our ca ii rest-frame equivalent width distribution supports the weak and strong subpopulations, split at ${W}^{\lambda 3934}_{0}=0.7$ Å. Comparison of both populations’ dust depletion shows clear consistency for weak absorber association with halo-type gas in the Milky Way (MW), while strong absorbers have environments consistent with halo and disc-type gas. We probed our high-redshift Ca ii absorbers for 2175 Å dust bumps, discovering 12 2175 Å dust absorbers (2DAs). This clearly shows that some Ca ii absorbers follow the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) extinction law rather than the Small Magellanic Cloud extinction law. About 33 per cent of our strong Ca ii absorbers exhibit the 2175 Å dust bump, while only 6 per cent of weak Ca ii absorbers show this bump. 2DA detection further supports the theory that strong Ca ii absorbers are associated with disc components and are dustier than the weak population. Comparing average Ca ii absorber dust depletion patterns to that of Damped Ly α absorbers (DLAs), Mg ii absorbers, and 2DAs shows that Ca ii absorbers generally have environments with more dust than DLAs and Mg ii absorbers, but less dust than 2DAs. Comparing 2175 Å dust bump strengths from different samples and also the MW and LMC, the bump strength appears to grow stronger as the redshift decreases, indicating dust growth and the global chemical enrichment of galaxies in the Universe over time.
WALLABY Pilot Survey: H i gas kinematics of galaxy pairs in cluster environment
Authors: Kim Shin-Jeong , Oh Se-Heon , Wang Jing , Staveley-Smith Lister , Koribalski Bärbel S , Kim Minsu , Park Hye-Jin , Kim Shinna , Spekkens Kristine , Westmeier Tobias , Wong O Ivy , Meurer Gerhardt R , Kamphuis. Peter , Catinella Barbara , McQuinn Kristen B W , Bigiel Frank , Holwerda Benne W , Rhee Jonghwan , Lee-Waddell Karen , Deg Nathan , Verdes-Montenegro Lourdes , For Bi-Qing , Madrid Juan P , Dénes Helga , Elagali Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine the H i gas kinematics of galaxy pairs in two clusters and a group using Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) WALLABY pilot survey observations. We compare the H i properties of galaxy pair candidates in the Hydra I and Norma clusters, and the NGC 4636 group, with those of non-paired control galaxies selected in the same fields. We perform H i profile decomposition of the sample galaxies using a tool, baygaud, which allows us to deblend a line-of-sight velocity profile with an optimal number of Gaussian components. We construct H i superprofiles of the sample galaxies via stacking of their line profiles after aligning the central velocities. We fit a double Gaussian model to the superprofiles and classify them as kinematically narrow and broad components with respect to their velocity dispersions. Additionally, we investigate the gravitational instability of H i gas discs of the sample galaxies using Toomre Q parameters and H i morphological disturbances. We investigate the effect of the cluster environment on the H i properties of galaxy pairs by dividing the cluster environment into three subcluster regions (i.e. outskirts, infalling, and central regions). We find that the denser cluster environment (i.e. infalling and central regions) is likely to impact the H i gas properties of galaxies in a way of decreasing the amplitude of the kinematically narrow H i gas ($M_{\rm {narrow}}^{\rm {H\, \small {\rm I}}}$/$M_{\rm {total}}^{\rm {H\, \small {\rm I}}}$), and increasing the Toomre Q values of the infalling and central galaxies. This tendency is likely to be more enhanced for galaxy pairs in the cluster environment.
Hyper-runaway and hypervelocity white dwarf candidates inGaiaData Release 3: Possible remnants from Ia/Iax supernova explosions or dynamical encounters
Authors: Igoshev Andrei P , Perets Hagai , Hallakoun Na’ama 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTType Ia and other peculiar supernovae (SNe) are thought to originate from the thermonuclear explosions of white dwarfs (WDs). Some of the proposed channels involve the ejection of a partly exploded WD (e.g. Iax SN remnant) or the companion of an exploding WD at extremely high velocities (&gt;400 km s−1). Characterization of such hyper-runaway/hypervelocity (HVS) WDs might therefore shed light on the physics and origins of SNe. Here we analyse the Gaia DR3 data to search for HVS WDs candidates and peculiar sub-main-sequence (sub-MS) objects. We retrieve the previously identified HVSs and find 46 new HVS candidates. Among these we identify two new unbound WDs and two new unbound sub-MS candidates. The remaining stars are hyper-runaway WDs and hyper-runaway sub-MS stars. The numbers and properties of the HVS WD and sub-MS candidates suggest that extreme velocity ejections (&gt;1000 km s−1) can accompany at most a small fraction of type Ia SNe, disfavouring a significant contribution of the D6-scenario to the origin of Ia SNe. The rate of HVS ejections following the hybrid WD reverse-detonation channel could be consistent with the identified HVSs. The numbers of lower-velocity HVS WDs could be consistent with type Iax SNe origin and/or contribution from dynamical encounters. We also searched for HVS WDs related to known SN remnants but identified only one such candidate.
Two-dimensional superconducting MoSi2N4(MoN)4n homologous compounds
Authors: Liu Zhibo , Wang Lei , Hong Yi-Lun , Chen Xing-Qiu , Cheng Hui-Ming , Ren Wencai 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe number and stacking order of layers are two important degrees of freedom that can modulate the properties of 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials. However, the layers’ structures are essentially limited to the known layered 3D vdW materials. Recently, a new 2D vdW material, MoSi2N4, without known 3D counterparts, was synthesized by passivating the surface dangling bonds of non-layered 2D molybdenum nitride with elemental silicon, whose monolayer can be viewed as a monolayer MoN (-N-Mo-N-) sandwiched between two Si-N layers. This unique sandwich structure endows the MoSi2N4 monolayer with many fascinating properties and intriguing applications, and the surface-passivating growth method creates the possibility of tuning the layer's structure of 2D vdW materials. Here we synthesized a series of MoSi2N4(MoN)4n structures confined in the matrix of multilayer MoSi2N4. These super-thick monolayers are the homologous compounds of MoSi2N4, which can be viewed as multilayer MoN (Mo4n+1N4n+2) sandwiched between two Si-N layers. First-principles calculations show that MoSi2N4(MoN)4 monolayers have much higher Young's modulus than MoN, which is attributed to the strong Si-N bonds on the surface. Importantly, different from the semiconducting nature of the MoSi2N4 monolayer, the MoSi2N4(MoN)4 monolayer is identified as a superconductor with a transition temperature of 9.02 K. The discovery of MoSi2N4(MoN)4n structures not only expands the family of 2D materials but also brings a new degree of freedom to tailor the structure of 2D vdW materials, which may lead to unexpected novel properties and applications.
Ribociclib and palbociclib-induced erythema multiforme: a case report
Authors: Vrana Eleni , Mylona Stella , Bobos Mattheos , Kontovinis Loukas , Papazisis Konstantinos 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTCyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CKIs), ribociclib, palbocilb and abemaciclib, have been approved in combination with endocrine therapy for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Severe dermatological adverse events are rare with these agents; however, they require direct recognition and management in order not to become life-threatening. Erythema multiforme (EM) belongs to a dermatopathic spectrum that includes immune-mediated, widespread hypersensitivity reaction, which occurs with varying degrees of severity and affects the skin and/or the mucosa. We hereby present a case of ribociclib- and palbociclib-related EM. We sought to report this case given the implication of two agents from the same drug class in EM onset. We also aim to emphasize the breadth of mechanisms of actions of CKIs, with an impingement in the immune system as well, and the importance of promptly identifying and handling such skin toxicities.
Long-term response to olaparib in a patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome
Authors: Tsuneizumi Michiko , Terada Shuzo , Usui Takeshi , Yamaguchi Kei , Hayami Ryosuke , Matsunuma Ryoichi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
BRCA mutations are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). Olaparib, an oral poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of metastatic PC with a germline BRCA mutation. In this report, we present the case of a metastatic PC harboring a germline BRCA2 mutation, and the daughter of the patient, who had bilateral breast cancers harboring the same germline mutation, suggesting that the PC was associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Although PC is an aggressive disease and has poor prognosis, olaparib was administered as maintenance therapy following modified FOLFIRINOX, providing clinical benefits for &gt;12 months.
Diagnosing STEMI in right then left bundle branch block pattern ventricular escape rhythm (case report)
Authors: Alsagaff Mochamad Yusuf , Pratama Muhammad Dedy , Ranuh I G N Iswan Rahmadi , Lusida Terrence Timothy Evan 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Electrocardiography is the fastest bedside tool for rapidly identifying patients with acute coronary syndromes who require emergency reperfusion therapy. Some of the circumstances that make identification more complex are bundle branch block patterns. ST elevation in the right bundle branch block (RBBB) can still be detected, but the left bundle branch block (LBBB) must use specific criteria such as Sgarbossa and Barcelona. We present a patient with anteroseptal ST-segment elevation (STEMI), total AV block (TAVB) with ventricular escape rhythm RBBB pattern, and then turned into a LBBB pattern. Fortunately, it immediately turned into sinus rhythm after reperfusion therapy. It is essential to be able to identify STEMI in patients with BBB patterns. In addition, to provide the best possible outcomes for the patient, we must understand that the best way to manage STEMI with TAVB is to immediately install a temporary pacemaker and initiate reperfusion therapy.
A case of nail psoriasis improved with treatment by risankizumab
Authors: AlAjlan Abdulmajeed , Qasim Raghda , AlTassan Fatimah , Qadoumi Tala , AlKaff Tuqa 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Nail psoriasis causes significant aesthetic and functional disabilities. The treatment of nail psoriasis is essential to improve the health outcomes and quality of life among patients. Pain associated with intralesional injections, inadequate penetration into the nail and underlying tissue, poor adherence to therapy, limited efficacy and recurrent relapses are among the many challenging issues with topical therapy. While conventional systemic therapies are still useful and often appropriate for some patients, current evidence indicates that highly selective agents including anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha, anti-interleukin (IL)-17 and anti-IL-12/23 antibodies that are primarily available for plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis have also demonstrated long-term efficacy in the treatment of nail psoriasis. We report a case of nail psoriasis improved with treatment by risankizumab.
Morphine Versus Oxycodone for Cancer Pain Using a Catechol-O-methyltransferase Genotype Biomarker: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Clinical Trial (RELIEF Study)
Authors: Matsuoka Hiromichi , Tsurutani Junji , Chiba Yasutaka , Fujita Yoshihiko , Sakai Kiyohiro , Yoshida Takeshi , Nakura Miki , Sakamoto Ryo , Makimura Chihiro , Ohtake Yoichi , Tanaka Kaoru , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Takeda Masayuki , Okuno Tatsuya , Takegawa Naoki , Haratani Koji , Koyama Atsuko , Nishio Kazuto , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe hypothesized that the high-dose opioid requirement in patients carrying the rs4680-GG variant in the COMT gene encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase would be greater for patients taking morphine than for those taking oxycodone, thus providing a much-needed biomarker to inform opioid selection for cancer pain.MethodsA randomized, multicenter, open-label trial was conducted at a Japanese hospital’s palliative care service. Patients with cancer pain treated with regular doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or acetaminophen were enrolled and randomized (1:1) into morphine (group M) and oxycodone (group O) groups. The minimum standard dose of immediate-release (IR) oral opioids was repeatedly administered by palliative care physicians to achieve pain-reduction goals (Pain reduction ≥ 33% from baseline and up to ≤ 3 on a numerical rating scale). The primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects requiring high-dose opioids on day 0 with the GG genotype.ResultsOf 140 participants who developed cancer-related pain among 378 subjects registered and pre-screened for the genotype, 139 were evaluated in the current study. Among patients carrying a COMT rs4680-GG genotype, 48.3% required high-dose opioids in group M, compared with the 20.0% in group O (95% CI, 3.7%-50.8%; P = .029). Of those with the non-GG genotype, 41.5% treated with morphine and 23.1% with oxycodone required high-dose opioids (95% CI, 3.3%-38.3%; P = 0.098).ConclusionUsing the COMT rs4680 genotype alone is not recommended for selecting between morphine and oxycodone for pain relief.
Governing Antibiotic Risks in Australian Agriculture: Sustaining Conflicting Common Goods Through Competing Compliance Mechanisms
Authors: Degeling Chris , Hall Julie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires stakeholders to contribute to cross-sectoral efforts to improve antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). One Health AMR policy implementation is challenging in livestock farming because of the infrastructural role of antibiotics in production systems. Mitigating AMR may require the development of more stringent stewardship obligations and the future limitation of established entitlements. Drawing on Amatai Etzioni’s compliance theory, regulatory analyses and qualitative studies with stakeholder groups we examine the structural and socio-cultural dimension of antibiotic use and AMS compliance in Australian beef and dairy production. We found a disconnect between how antibiotic use is conceptualised by farmers and the way in which AMS policies construe agricultural AMR risks. Under the umbrella of food safety standards and national-level prescribing restrictions, farmers and veterinarians interact around antibiotic use with different operating logics and compliance mechanisms. These parallel regimes service distinct and sometimes competing common goods of food security and antibiotic preservation. Further reforms to mitigate AMR need to account for the value orientations of different groups and the embeddedness of the constraints imposed by existing systems. Advocacy for greater AMR precaution in agriculture should acknowledge and compensate for erosions in competing common goods and the cost of proposed interventions.