bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Respiration Inhibition Suppresses Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Via PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/Cyclin D1 Pathway
Authors: Chen Bojie , Lei Shuwen , Yin Xinlu , Fei Mengjia , Hu Yixin , Shi Yuan , Xu Yanan , Fu Lei 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, but little is known regarding PTC metabolic phenotypes and the effects of mitochondrial activity on PTC progression. The great potential of mitochondria-targeting therapy in cancer treatment promoted us to use tool compounds from a family of Mito-Fu derivatives to investigate how the regulation of mitochondrial respiration affected tumor progression characteristics and molecular changes in PTC.MethodsMito-Fu L20, a representative of 12 synthetic derivatives, was chosen for mitochondrial inhibition experiments. Sample sections from PTC patients were collected and processed to explore potential molecular alterations in tumor lymph node metastasis (LNM). In vitro analyses were performed using human PTC cell lines (K1 and TPC-1), with the human normal thyroid follicular cell line (Nthy) as a control. K1 cells were injected into nude mice to generate an animal model. The mice were injected with normal saline or Mito-Fu L20 at 20 or 50 mg/kg every other day; their body weights and tumor volumes were also measured over time. To elucidate the resulting metabolic phenotype, we measured oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Wound healing and Transwell assays, cell cycle assays, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to explore glycolysis-dominant metabolism in PTC.ResultsCyclin D1 and mitochondrial complex IV were detected in tumor samples from PTC patients with LNM. Mito-Fu L20 showed dose-independent and reversible modulation of mitochondrial respiration in PTC. In addition to mitochondrial dysfunction and early apoptosis, G1/S phase arrest. Notably, reversible mitochondrial inhibition yielded durable suppression of tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/Cyclin D1 pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Mito-Fu L20 has a good safety profile and specific restorative effect on mitochondrial activity in the liver. In addition, Mito-Fu L20 showed antitumor effects, alleviated tumor angiogenesis, and improved thyroid function.ConclusionReversible inhibition of ATP production and durable suppression of PTC growth indicates that the downregulation of mitochondrial function has a negative impact on tumor progression and LNM via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/Cyclin D1 pathway. The results provide new insights into the antitumor potential and clinical translation of mitochondrial inhibitors.
Treatment of Multiple Primary Malignancies With PD-1 Inhibitor Camrelizumab: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review
Authors: Wan Yuchen , Wang Zhixue , Yang Ning , Liu Fenye 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundWith significant advances in the diagnostic tools and treatment modalities of cancer, the incidence of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) has increased in the last decades. The therapeutic option changed with the arising of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which have improved the survival of a broad spectrum of tumors. However, little information is available when it comes to the efficacy, resistance, and underlying mechanisms of ICIs.Case PresentationA 67-year-old woman was diagnosed with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) with a history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and viral hepatitis B. Following the lack of response to systemic chemotherapy, she was treated with camrelizumab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with chemotherapy, and a partial response was obtained both in PSC and HCC. After a course of 9-month treatment, the PSC lesion shrank still, while HCC was evaluated as a progressive disease with an increase in the diameter of liver neoplasm, elevated alpha-fetoprotein, and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes. Then, with the addition of radiotherapy for abdominal metastasis, the lung lesion was continuously shrinking. In the meantime, the liver neoplasm and abdominal lymph nodes showed no significant enlargement.ConclusionCamrelizumab combination therapy could consistently benefit the MPM patients with PSC and HCC, which may be a promising option for patients with MPMs.
Affected Microcirculation and Vascular Hemodynamics in Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Svensson Christina , Bjarnegård Niclas , Eriksson Per , Jonasson Hanna , Strömberg Tomas , Sjöwall Christopher , Zachrisson Helene 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare inflammatory disease affecting aorta and its major branches. Ultrasound (US) can detect inflammatory features in the arterial wall, but less is known regarding skin microcirculation and vascular hemodynamics. The aim was to study if assessment of these variables could add valuable information regarding vascular affection in TAK.Methods: 17 patients diagnosed with TAK and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Microcirculatory peak oxygen saturation (OxyP) in the skin after induced ischemia was evaluated with laser Doppler flowmetry/diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVR) in the brain was assessed with transcranial Doppler (TCD). Pulse waves were recorded in the radial artery by the aid of applanation tonometry, for calculation of central augmentation index (AIx75). Intima-media thickness (IMT) and stenosis/occlusions were evaluated using US in carotid and central arteries.Results: Reduced OxyP (79 ± 8% vs. 87 ± 4%, p &lt; 0.001) was seen in patients with TAK regardless of significant arterial stenosis/occlusion or not. Increased AIx75 (22.3 ± 13.6 vs. 9.2 ± 16.3, p = 0.01) was seen in TAK patients without significant stenosis/occlusions. No differences were found in CVR, regardless of proximal stenosis. However, signs of a more high-resistance flow profile were seen in arteria cerebri media.Conclusion: Regardless of arterial stenosis or not, impaired microcirculation of the skin and preserved CVR in the brain were found in subjects with TAK. Signs of increased arterial stiffness in the brain and central arteries were observed. The value of these findings for prediction of future cardiovascular events needs to be clarified in further studies.
Disease-Specific Anxiety in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Translation and Initial Validation of a Questionnaire
Authors: Farver-Vestergaard Ingeborg , Rubio-Rask Sandra , Timm Signe , Christiansen Camilla Fischer , Hilberg Ole , Løkke Anders 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCommonly applied measures of symptoms of anxiety are not sensitive to disease-specific anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is a need for validated instruments measuring COPD-specific anxiety. Therefore, we translated the COPD-Anxiety Questionnaire (CAF) into Danish (CAF-R-DK) and performed an initial validation of the psychometric properties in a sample of patients with COPD.Materials and MethodsTranslation procedures followed the World Health Organization guidelines. Participants with COPD completed questionnaires measuring COPD-specific anxiety (CAF-R-DK), general psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) as well as variables related to COPD (COPD Assessment Test; modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale), quality of life (the 12-item Short Form survey, SF12), and socio-demography.ResultsA total of 260 patients with COPD (mean age: 65.0, 69% female) completed questionnaires. The Danish version of CAF-R-DK demonstrated acceptable Cronbach’s α values that were comparable with those of the original CAF. As expected, the CAF-R-DK showed positive correlations with convergent constructs (CAT; HADS) and negative correlations with discriminant constructs (SF-12). However, the results for specific subdomains of the CAF-R-DK indicated inconsistency in the underlying concept of disease-specific anxiety, which was also suggested based on the subsequent confirmatory and exploratory factor analyzes.ConclusionThe CAF could serve as an important supplement to generic psychological distress screening of patients with COPD in somatic health care settings, and the questionnaire is now available in Danish. Translation into other languages is needed with the purpose of obtaining data for further testing the psychometric properties of the questionnaire.
Association Between the Patterns of Five Unhealthy Behaviors and Suicidal Behaviors Among Adolescents in Six Provinces of China
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Xue Yanni , Xia Zhengmei , Cui Yingying , Hu Jie , Huang Xuexue , Wan Yuhui , Fang Jun , Zhang Shichen 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIn adolescents, multiple unhealthy behaviors frequently occur together and are likely to be associated with suicidal behaviors (SBs), increasing the risk of suicide. This study aimed to clarify the potential patterns of unhealthy behaviors in Chinese adolescents and to examine the associations between the different patterns of unhealthy behaviors and SBs.MethodsA total of 22,628 middle school students were enrolled in this study. Self-reported unhealthy behaviors and SBs were investigated using questionnaires. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed based on five unhealthy behaviors [smoking, alcohol use (AU), diet pill use (DPU), screen time (ST), and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU)]. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine associations between the different patterns of unhealthy behaviors and SBs.ResultsFour subgroups of unhealthy behaviors were identified by LCA, including high-risk class (smoking/AU/DPU/PMPU/ST), moderate-risk class 1 (DPU/PMPU), moderate-risk class 2 (smoking/AU/ST), and low-risk class. Compared with the low-risk class, moderate-risk class 1, moderate-risk class 2, and high-risk class had higher risks of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that patterns of unhealthy behaviors were related to SBs in Chinese adolescents. Accordingly, considerations of different classes of unhealthy behaviors may be essential for developing effective preventive programs.
The Effects of Learning Transfer on Clinical Performances Among Medical Staff: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Tung Yung-Chieh , Xu Ying , Yang Yu-pei , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of learning transfer on the clinical performance of medical staff.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for all associated studies without any language restrictions from the inception until 31 December 2021.ResultsThis systematic review screened out 14 eligible studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most of these studies showed that learning transfer contributed to the clinical performance of medical staff. Through education, or when knowledge and skills have common basic principles, learning transfer will be more apparent than for those who learn by themselves and those without simulation training.ConclusionsThe findings of this review support an association between learning transfer and the clinical performance of medical staff. However, it was noted that due to the lack of relevant research and the major differences in the methods and indicators used in previous studies, we are restricted in conducting an effective meta-analysis. Further comprehensive trials will be needed to assess the impact of learning transfer on the clinical performance of medical staff.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier: 341439.
The Impact of Patient Prejudice on Minoritized Female Physicians
Authors: Dellasega Cheryl , Aruma Jane-Frances , Sood Natasha , Andreae Doerthe A. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPatient bias and prejudice directed against physicians from diverse backgrounds is a frequent occurrence in healthcare. Female physicians have long experienced discrimination in the healthcare system based on their gender alone. The dynamic known as Patient Prejudice toward Providers (PPtP) is disproportionately affecting female physicians because it is frequently compounded by sexism.AimThe goal of this study was to explore the impact of PPtP on female resident and attending physicians.MethodsUsing transcribed one-on-one interviews from a larger study of PPtP affecting resident and attending physicians, ten interviews with female physicians (resident and attending) from diverse ethnic backgrounds and countries of training at a large academic medical center were analyzed. The authors independently reviewed the interviews using an iterative process within and across interviews to inductively identify repeating words, phrases, and concepts relevant to the study aim.ResultsDemographics of the ten participants included age (mean 34.6 years), ethnicity (6 Asian, 2 Hispanic, 2 African), and country of training (10% IMG vs. 90% US trained). Four of the interviewees were residents and six were attendings. Themes that emerged from the analysis included experiencing “A Gendered Continuum of Abuse,” “Establishing a Higher Standard of Competency,” “Overcoming the Stereotype of the White Male Physician,” “The Physicality of Self Identity,” and “The Need to be Protective of Minoritized Trainees.” All participants agreed that these perceptions created an adverse environment at the workplace and impacted on patient care.ConclusionsDiscrimination of physicians based on their gender or their race/ethnicity has been reported. This study highlights the compounded effects of patient prejudice on female minoritized physicians. Organizations and individuals should identify and implement strategies to address the impact of PPtP and sexism in order to create an environment where all women can thrive professionally.
Analysis of Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Early Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Wang Yong-Xing , Liu Wei , Sun Zhan-Yong , Wu Lan , Xie Xian-Kun , Liu Bo 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics of early hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) and improve the qualitative diagnostic ability of sonographers.MethodsThe data of 80 positive cases of HAE screened and diagnosed by ultrasonography and serum immunology (33 males and 44 females with a mean age of 44.12 ± 14.31 y) were used in the study. The imaging characteristics of the lesions (i.e., intrahepatic distribution, shape, size, echo, blood flow, and growth characteristics) were analyzed retrospectively, and the ultrasonographic characteristics of early lesions were discussed in combination with their basic pathological changes.ResultsPatients with lesions of the proliferative infiltration type accounted for 57.5% (46/80), the fibrous calcification type accounted for 26.25% (21/80), the necrotic liquefaction type accounted for 6.25% (5/80), and the mixed type accounted for 10% (8/80). Patients with lesions involving the right lobe and the left lobe accounted for 76.25% (61/80) and 11.25% (9/80), respectively, and with lesions involving both the left and right lobes accounted for 12.5% (10/80). There were statistically significant differences in diameter between all types of lesions (n = 88; F = 5.926 and P = 0.004). Focal hyperechoic and diffuse heterogenous nodular changes were the main manifestations of early proliferative infiltration lesions.ConclusionUltrasonography is extremely valuable in the diagnosis of early HAE. Capillary hemangioma-like changes and hailstorm sign are the main characteristics of early lesions of HAE, and calcification is a common concomitant sign.
Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Properties of Leaf and Rhizome Extracts from the Medicinal Plant Peucedanum ostruthium (L.) W. D. J. Koch
Authors: Danna Cristina , Bazzicalupo Miriam , Ingegneri Mariarosaria , Smeriglio Antonella , Trombetta Domenico , Burlando Bruno , Cornara Laura 
Published: July 2022

Peucedanum ostruthium (L.) W. D. J. Koch (Apiaceae) is a worldwide perennial herb native to the mountains of central Southern Europe. The rhizome has a long tradition in popular medicine, while ethnobotanical surveys have revealed local uses of leaves for superficial injuries. To experimentally validate these uses, plant material was collected in the Gran Paradiso National Park, Aosta Valley, Italy, and the rhizome and leaves were micromorphologically and phytochemically characterized. Polyphenol-enriched hydroalcoholic rhizome and leaf extracts, used in cell-free assays, showed strong and concentration-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In vitro tests revealed cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibition by the leaf extract, while the rhizome extract induced only lipoxygenase inhibition. MTT assays on HaCaT keratinocytes and L929 fibroblasts showed low cytotoxicity of extracts. In vitro scratch wound test on HaCaT resulted in a strong induction of wound closure with the leaf extract, while the effect of the rhizome extract was lower. The same test on L929 cells showed similar wound closure induction with both extracts. The results confirmed the traditional medicinal uses of the rhizome as an anti-inflammatory and wound healing remedy for superficial injuries but also highlighted that the leaves can be exploited for these purposes with equal or superior effectiveness.
EVALUATION OF VETERINARY AND SANITARY INDICATORS OF MILK WHEN USING A NEW FEED COMPOSITION
Authors: СЕМЕНОВ С.Н. , АРИСТОВ А.В. 
Published: July 2022

Изучена эффективность новой кормовой добавки в условиях производства высококачественного молока. В исследованиях участвовали коровы 2-й лактации (n=10). Животные опытной группы получали основной рацион (ОР), а контрольной — ОР плюс кормовую добавку. Результаты опыта свидетельствуют, что в молоке подопытных животных массовая доля жира выросла на 0,1 абс.%, белка — на 0,21 абс.%, лактозы — на 0,1 абс.% по сравнению с контрольными значениями. Средний размер жировых шариков в опытной группе был выше на 3,5%, а их количество превышало контрольные цифры на 7,8%. В молоке коров опытной группы доля казеина выросла на 10,5%. Класс по сычужно-бродильной пробе повысился до 1,7±0,02, термоустойчивости — до 1,5±0,02. Плотность молока составила 1027,6±0,30 кг/м3, а кислотность — 16,9±0,23 оТ. Анализ полученных результатов указывает на эффективность использования изученной кормовой композиции с точки зрения ключевых показателей качества молока.
The effectiveness of a new feed additive in the production of high-quality milk has been studied. The studies involved cows of the second lactation (n=10). Animals of the experimental group received the main diet, and the control group - the main diet + feed additive. The results of the experiment show that in the milk of experimental animals, the mass fraction of fat increased by 0.1%, protein — by 0.21%, lactose — by 0.1% compared with control values. The average size of fat globules in the experimental group was higher by 3.5%, and their number exceeded the control figures by 7.8%. In the milk of cows of the experimental group, the proportion of casein increased by 10.5%. The class according to the rennet-fermentation test increased to 1.7±0.02, thermal stability — up to 1.5±0.02. The milk density was 1027.6±0.30 kg/m3, and the acidity was 16.9±0.23 oT. The analysis of the obtained results indicates the effectiveness of the use of the studied feed composition in terms of key indicators of milk quality.
Multivariate analysis of grids and quadrants to determine the spatial variability of african pumpkin (momordica balsamina. L.) / Análise multivariada de grelhas e quadrantes para determinar a variabilidade espacial da abóbora africana (momordica balsamina. L.)
Authors: Armando Egas José , Balane Simão Gabriel , Tangune Bartolomeu Félix , Arcoverde Sálvio Napoleão Soares , Cortez Jorge Wilson , Muteguere Carlos Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Grid and quadrants size selection to determine crop density and spatial variability are still very controversial, either when accessing isolated sampling factors, either, combining both. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the ideal sampling grid and quadrant size to determine the crop density and spatial variability of African pumpkin (Momordica balsamina. L.). The trial was conducted in Pambara, Vilankulo district, Mozambique, based on the factorial scheme, on a completely randomized design, comprising four levels of each factor: grid: 10 x 10 m 2, 20 x 20 m 2, 30 x 30 m 2, 40 x 40 m 2; quadrant: 1 x 1 m 2, 0.75 x 0.75 m 2, 0.5 x 0.5 m 2, 0.25 x 0.25 m 2, comprising 16 treatments and 928 georeferenced samples. To evaluate the trial, crop density data were collected, and then submitted to Normality test, Analysis of Variance, mean test at 5% significance, Geostatistics and multivariate. The results showed that the combination of the grid 20 x 20 m 2 with the quadrant 0.25 x 0.25 m 2 was ideal for determining the crop density. The principal component analysis showed that only two components contain 66,5% of the total information.
Perfil epidemiológico da Sífilis adquirida no Nordeste brasileiro no período de 2010 a 2020 / Epidemiological profile of acquired Syphilis in brazilian Northeast in the period from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Dantas Sávia Braga Tenório , Dos Santos Tarsiane Dias Muniz , Fachin Laércio Pol , Costa Andre Falcao Pedrosa 
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A sífilis constitui uma afecção bacteriana cuja transmissão tem caráter majoritariamente sexual. Essa doença ocupa destaque na prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) no Brasil, de modo que é possível considerá-la como uma endemia nacional levando em consideração a recorrência de casos diagnosticados. Sabe-se que variáveis sociais, culturais e econômicas são fatores de risco para ISTs, nesse sentido cabe evidenciar, como objeto de estudo, o Nordeste brasileiro, região marcada historicamente por lutas socioeconômicas que influenciam diretamente em seu cenário de saúde. De tal modo, é notória a importância de conhecer indicadores de uma IST importante como a Sífilis Adquirida (SA), principalmente no contexto de uma região vulnerável como o Nordeste brasileiro. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever aspectos epidemiológicos da Sífilis Adquirida no Nordeste brasileiro. Metodologia: Estudo do tipo descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo, tendo os dados do SINANNET como principal fonte de informação. Foram avaliadas as informações sobre os casos de Sífilis Adquirida ocorridos na região Nordeste de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados e Discussão: A maioria dos casos notificados, quais sejam 32.991 (29,6%), ocorreram no estado da Bahia, seguido pelo estado de Pernambuco (28.195) e estado do Ceará (13.921). O estado com o menor número de casos notificados foi Alagoas, com um total de 2.178 nesse intervalo de tempo. No que se refere à raça, dos casos notificados entre 2010 e 2020, 57,2% é representado por pessoas pardas. Levando em consideração a divisão por sexo, o masculino representou 62.382 casos notificados, número que reflete mais da metade do total (56,08%). Quanto a faixa etária, o intervalo entre 20 e 29 anos foi o mais prevalente em relação ao diagnóstico de Sífilis Adquirida. Conclusão: Em relação às características dos pacientes com SA na região Nordeste do Brasil, constatou-se que a doença é predominantemente no sexo masculino, afetando mais a faixa etária de 20-39 anos e principalmente pardos.