bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensation seeking predicts risky driving behavior: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation
Authors: Li Jun , Zhou Ying , Ge Yan , Qu Weina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effect of difficulties in emotion regulation on the relationship between sensation seeking and driving behavior based on the dual‐process model of aberrant driving behavior. A sample of 299 drivers in China completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Driver Behavior Questionnaire, and the Sensation Seeking Scale V (SSS). The relationships among sensation seeking, difficulties in emotion regulation, and driving behavior were investigated using pathway analysis. The results showed that (1) disinhibition and boredom susceptibility are positively and significantly related to difficulties in emotion regulation and risky driving behaviors; (2) difficulties in emotion regulation are positively and significantly associated with risky driving behaviors; (3) difficulties in emotion regulation mediate the effect of sensation seeking on driving behaviors, supporting the dual‐process model of driving behavior; and (4) professional drivers score higher in terms of difficulties in emotion regulation and risky driving behaviors than nonprofessional drivers. The findings of this study could provide valuable insights into the selection of suitable drivers and the development of certain programs that benefit road safety.
Strategies for managing dental care for refugee patients
Authors: Nadella Srighana , Asi Abdalla , Sheridan Olivia , Wolff Mark , Panchal Neeraj 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsTo outline key factors that contribute to oral health issues of refugees and asylum seekers and provide management strategies for dental providers to teach desensitization and fear reduction for this special population.Methods and ResultsWe researched published literature in the PubMed database and incorporated lessons gained from treating refugee and asylee patients at a Vulnerable Populations Clinic (VPC) at an urban academic dental school. Refugees and asylees are at high risk for oral conditions due to a tendency to not seek routine dental treatment, psychological stressors, and various systemic factors. Oral health providers can teach patients desensitization and fear reduction by working to gain patients’ trust by having effective communication and prioritizing comfort in the dental operatory. Providers should also utilize translation, psychological, and/or multicultural support services during their management of care.ConclusionBy having a stronger understanding of the key causes of oral health issues among refugees and asylees in the United States, dental providers can better approach managing care for this vulnerable patient population. The concepts of teaching desensitization and fear reduction utilized for this special population can be applied to managing care for the wider special needs patient community.
Children's perceptions of interactive virtual‐reality interventions implemented before and after intravenous cannulation
Authors: Whu Yew‐Wha , Hsu Mei‐Feng , Lin I‐Chen , Chou Cheng‐Chen , Lin Hsiu‐Wen , Chen Chi‐Wen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough some studies have reported evidence of the effectiveness of virtual‐reality interventions implemented for children undergoing intravenous (IV) cannulation, children's perceptions of virtual‐reality interventions implemented during IV cannulation warrant further exploration.AimsTo explore the school‐aged children's perceptions of interactive virtual‐reality interventions implemented before and after IV cannulation.MethodsA qualitative descriptive study was adopted. Sixty‐nine children aged 6–12 years from two medical centers were recruited and interviewed from June to September 2020. After the completion of the immersive virtual‐reality scene of IV cannulation before undergoing actual IV cannulation and the emotionally cathartic virtual‐reality play after the placement process, individual interviews were conducted with the children in the paediatric wards. Inductive content analysis was performed to analyse children's perceptions. The study complied with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.ResultsThree categories related to children's perception of interactive virtual‐reality interventions implemented before and after IV cannulation were identified: (1) feelings towards and coping strategies employed during IV cannulation; (2) mental preparation through immersion in the virtual‐reality scene; and (3) healing effects of immersive cathartic play.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that interactive virtual‐reality interventions can help hospitalised children mentally prepare for medical procedures, obtain knowledge regarding such procedures, and overcome their fear of needles. The children's reported perceptions of the virtual‐reality interventions indicated that the interventions were age‐appropriate, safe and fun. The results of this study highlight the need to more thoroughly understand the perceptions of hospitalised children and may serve as a reference for designing child‐friendly care interventions for nursing practice.
Genotype‐dependent changes of cell wall composition influence physiological traits of a long and a non‐long shelf‐life tomato genotypes under distinct water regimes
Authors: Roig‐Oliver Margalida , Fullana‐Pericàs Mateu , Bota Josefina , Flexas Jaume 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYWater shortage strongly affects plants' physiological performance. Since tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) non‐long shelf‐life (nLSL) and long shelf‐life (LSL) genotypes differently face water deprivation, we subjected a nLSL and a LSL genotype to four treatments: control (well watering), short‐term water deficit stress at 40% field capacity (FC) (ST 40% FC), short‐term water deficit stress at 30% FC (ST 30% FC), and short‐term water deficit stress at 30% FC followed by recovery (ST 30% FC‐Rec). Treatments promoted genotype‐dependent elastic adjustments accompanied by distinct photosynthetic responses. While the nLSL genotype largely modified mesophyll conductance (gm) across treatments, it was kept within a narrow range in the LSL genotype. However, similar gm values were achieved under ST 30% FC conditions. Particularly, modifications in the relative abundance of cell wall components and in sub‐cellular anatomic parameters such as the chloroplast surface area exposed to intercellular air space per leaf area (Sc/S) and the cell wall thickness (Tcw) regulated gm in the LSL genotype. Instead, only changes in foliar structure at the supra‐cellular level influenced gm in the nLSL genotype. Even though further experiments testing a larger range of genotypes and treatments would be valuable to support our conclusions, we show that even genotypes of the same species can present different elastic, anatomical, and cell wall composition‐mediated mechanisms to regulate gm when subjected to distinct water regimes.
Beyond fear: A longitudinal investigation of emotions and risk of a vasovagal reaction in first‐time whole‐blood donors
Authors: Thijsen Amanda , Masser Barbara , Davison Tanya E. , van Dongen Anne , Williams Lisa A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFear is a recognized predictor of vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in blood donors. However, less is known about the role of other emotions, including positive emotions, that donors might experience. The aim of this study was to identify the emotions experienced in center that predict onsite VVRs, and to determine at what point during the donation appointment, the experience of these emotions is most influential.Study design and methodsA sample of 442 first‐time whole‐blood donors (57.7% female; mean ± SD age 30.7 ± 11.7 years) completed a survey in the waiting area and before venepuncture in the donation chair to assess their current emotional experience. The survey data were matched with routinely‐collected demographic, donation, and donor adverse event information. A generalized estimating equations model was used to identify emotions associated with the occurrence of a VVR.ResultsA total of 56 (12.7%) participants experienced a VVR. The occurrence of a VVR was significantly associated with lower love/closeness/trust (OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.34–0.82) and higher scared/fearful/afraid (OR: 1.96, 95%CI: 1.18–3.25) states. Significant interaction effects suggested that the effect of scared/fearful/afraid decreased while stressed/nervous/overwhelmed increased from the waiting area to before venepuncture on the likelihood of a VVR.DiscussionTo effectively reduce donor VVR risk, blood collection agencies need to address a broader range of emotions at different points during the donation process.
How do I provide rare red cells to patients?
Authors: Laureano Marissa , Clarke Gwen , Yan Matthew T. S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe demand for rare blood is expected to increase in Canada as its population continues to expand through immigration from diverse regions of the world.Material and methodsThis paper outlines a national approach to providing rare red cells for patients through the Rare Blood Program of Canadian Blood Services (CBS). Data detailing the rare red cell requests and inventory managed by CBS' Rare Blood Program is provided.ResultsThe provision of rare red cells involves multiple considerations such as multidisciplinary communication, serologic/molecular confirmation, donor recruitment, inventory optimization and logistical factors.ConclusionThe description of CBS' Rare Blood Program will inform others that seek to create, optimize, or expand programs that facilitate the provision of rare blood. New technologies such as next‐generation sequencing may also affect how rare donors are identified and recruited in the future.
Thermal Performance and Water Production in a Solar Still With an Energy Storage Material Under Different Concentrations of Salt
Authors: Moreno S. , Hinojosa J. F. , Maytorena V. M. , Navarro J. M. A. , Vazquez-Ruiz A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The current work reports a numerical investigation of the water produced and thermal performance of a solar still (SS). Using a SS for desalination is a proposal for low-income remote communities needing potable water. The study deals with the SS under five different concentrations of salt (0, 5, 10, 20, and 35 g/kg). Previous experimental results reported in the literature indicate that the increase in salinity leads to a decrease in productivity, so phase change material (PCM) was added under the water basin to counter the reduction. The mathematical model and numerical methodology were validated by comparing them with experimental results reported in the literature. The relative difference between temperatures was less than 2%, and for water production, it was less than 3.5%. The present mathematical model has the novelty of utilizing the water properties as a function of temperature and salt concentration, contrary to other models that use pure water properties. The results show that daily productivity decreases when the salinity increases from 0 to 35 g/kg. For each case, the time evolution of hourly and cumulate productivity is presented, as well as water temperature and the temperature difference between water and glass. Also, the behavior of heat flux between water and PCM is analyzed. The overall efficiency is calculated for all the cases.
Convolutional Neural Network Denoising Auto-Encoders for Intelligent Aircraft Engine Gas Path Health Signal Noise Filtering
Authors: Zhao Junjie , Li Yi-Guang , Sampath Suresh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Removing noise from health signals is critical in gas path diagnostics of aircraft engines. An efficient noise filtering/denoising method should remove noise without using future data points, preserve important changes, and promote accurate diagnostics without time delay. Machine learning (ML)-based methods are promising for high fidelity, accuracy, and computational efficiency under the motivation of Intelligent Engines. However, previous ML-based denoising methods are rarely applied in actual engineering practice because they cannot accommodate time series and cannot effectively capture important changes or are limited by the time delay problem. This paper proposes a convolutional neural network denoising auto-encoder (CNN-DAE) method to build a denoising auto-encoder structure. In this structure, a convolutional operation is used to accommodate time series, and causal convolution is introduced to solve the problem of using future data points. The proposed denoising method is evaluated against NASA's propulsion diagnostic method evaluation strategy (prodimes) software. It has been proved that the proposed method can accommodate time series, remove noise for improved denoising accuracy, and preserve the important changes for enhanced diagnostic information. NASA's blind test case results show that kappa coefficient of a common diagnostic method using the processed data is 0.731 and is at least 0.046 higher than the other diagnostic methods in the open literature. Processing health signals using the proposed method would significantly promote accurate diagnostics without time delay. The proposed method could support intelligent condition monitoring systems by exploiting historical information for improved denoising and diagnostic performance.
Overdiagnosis and overuse of diagnostic and screening tests in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Albarqouni Loai , Arab-Zozani Morteza , Abukmail Eman , Greenwood Hannah , Pathirana Thanya , Clark Justin , Kopitowski Karin , Johansson Minna , Born Karen , Lang Eddy , Moynihan Ray 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveOverdiagnosis and overuse of healthcare services harm individuals, take resources that could be used to address underuse, and threaten the sustainability of health systems. These problems are attracting increasing attention in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Unaware of any review of relevant evidence, we conducted a scoping review of the evidence around overdiagnosis and overuse of diagnostic and screening tests in LMICs.DesignScoping review.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Global Index Medicus for relevant studies published until 24 May 2021, with no restrictions on date or language. We categorised included studies by major focus (overdiagnosis, overuse of tests, or both) and main themes (presence or estimates of extent; drivers; consequences and solutions).ResultsWe identified 2763 unique records and included 162 articles reporting on 154 studies across 55 countries, involving over 2.8 million participants and/or requests for tests. Almost half the studies focused on overdiagnosis (70; 45.5%), one-third on overuse of tests (61; 39.6%) and one-fifth on both (23; 14.9%). Common overdiagnosed conditions included malaria (61; 39.6%) and thyroid cancer (25; 16.2%), estimated to be >70% in China. Overused tests included imaging (n=25 studies) such as CT and MRI; laboratory investigations (n=18) such as serological tests and tumour markers; and procedures (n=14) such as colonoscopy. Drivers included fear of conflict with patients and expanding disease definitions. Common consequences included unnecessary treatments such as antimalarials, and wasted resources, with costs of malaria overdiagnosis estimated at US$86 million in Sudan in 1 year alone. Only 9% of studies discussed solutions, which included addressing inappropriately lowered diagnostic thresholds and reforming test-ordering processes.ConclusionsOverdiagnosis and overuse of tests are widespread in LMICs and generate significant harm and waste. Better understanding of the problems and robust evaluation of solutions is needed, informed by a new global alliance of researchers and policy-makers.
Retrospective analysis on the effect of Reverse Diabetes2 Now on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes with impaired kidney function
Authors: Wilmsen Nathalie , Pijl Hanno , Geerlings Willem , Navis Gerjan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveType 2 diabetes is one of the main causes of kidney damage. Recent intervention studies suggest that the progression of type 2 diabetes can be halted, or even brought into remission by lifestyle interventions. In a pragmatic trial, the Reverse Diabetes2 Now programme (RD2N, NL: Keer Diabetes2 Om), a multicomponent lifestyle intervention, reduced the need for bloodglucose lowering medications up to 24 months.Research design and methodsHere, we retrospectively investigate the effect of RD2N on markers of kidney function in patients selected for impaired kidney function at baseline (eGFR <70 mL/min/1.73 m2(n=45). Baseline data were retrieved from the intervention database and follow-up data on renal markers were collected from routine medical records. Wilcoxon non-parametric tests were used to assess changes over 6 and 12 months.ResultsAfter 6 months median eGFR increased significantly from 62.0 (IQR 55.5–65.0) to 69.0 (IQR 55.0–76.5) mL/min/1.73 m2(p=0.002). Median albumin/creatinine ratio (n=26) remained within the normal range (<3 mg/mmol). The effect on eGFR was similar after exclusion of patients in whom medication was changed (median eGFR 62.0 ((IQR 59.5–66.0) to 69.0 (IQR 60.0–77.0) mL/min/1.73 m2, p=0.006, n=29), suggesting that the effect on eGFR is not related to medication changes. At 12 months, eGFR was not significantly changed (n=22, median eGFR 63.5 mL/min/1.73 m2(IQR 58.5–71.0), p=0.067).ConclusionsThe retrospective nature of this study and the despite guidelines limited availability of renal markers in routine type 2 diabetes care are limiting. Nevertheless, these data support a favourable effect of RD2N on renal function. Further research, with proper documentation of renal function, urinary protein excretion and dietary intake, is needed to substantiate these results, ideally in a large-scale prospective cohort study.
Retrospective observational study of the influence of the COVID-19 outbreak on infants’ hospitalisation for acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Berdah Laura , Romain Anne-Sophie , Rivière Simon , Schnuriger Aurélie , Perrier Marine , Carbajal Ricardo , Lorrot Mathie , Guedj Romain , Corvol Harriet 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesAcute bronchiolitis is a major public health issue with high number of infants hospitalised worldwide each year. In France, hospitalisations mostly occur between October and March and peak in December. A reduction of emergency visits for bronchiolitis has been observed at onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. We aimed to assess the pandemic effects on the hospitalisations for bronchiolitis during the 2020–2021 winter (COVID-19 period) compared with three previous winters (pre-COVID-19).DesignRetrospective, observational and cross-sectional study.SettingTertiary university paediatric hospital in Paris (France).ParticipantsAll infants aged under 12 months who were hospitalised for acute bronchiolitis during the autumn/winter seasons (1 October to 31 March) from 2017 to 2021 were included. Clinical and laboratory data were collected using standardised forms.ResultsDuring the COVID-19 period was observed, a 54.3% reduction in hospitalisations for bronchiolitis associated with a delayed peak (February instead of November–December). Clinical characteristics and hospitalisation courses were substantially similar. The differences during the COVID-19 period were: smaller proportion of infants with comorbidities (8% vs 14% p=0.02), lower need for oxygen (45% vs 55%, p=0.01), higher proportions of metapneumovirus, parainfluenzae 3, bocavirus, coronavirus NL63 and OC43 (all p≤0.01) and no influenza. The three infants positive for SARS-CoV-2 were also positive for respiratory syncytial virus, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 alone does not cause bronchiolitis, despite previous assumptions.ConclusionThe dramatic reduction in infants’ hospitalisations for acute bronchiolitis is an opportunity to change our future habits such as advising the population to wear masks and apply additional hygiene measures in case of respiratory tract infections. This may change the worldwide bronchiolitis burden and improve children respiratory outcomes.
Pathways between neighbourhood factors, stress and glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Southeastern United States: a cross-sectional pathway analysis
Authors: Mosley-Johnson Elise , Walker Rebekah , Hawks Laura , Walker Shannon L , Mendez Carlos , Campbell Jennifer A , Egede Leonard E 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesUnderstanding the pathway by which neighbourhood factors influence glycaemic control may be crucial to addressing health disparities in diabetes. This study aimed to examine if the pathway between neighbourhood factors and glycaemic control is mediated by stress.DesignStructured equation modelling (SEM) was used to investigate direct and indirect effects in the relationship between neighbourhood factors, stress and glycaemic control, with standardised estimates to allow comparison of paths.ParticipantsData was obtained from 615 adults with type 2 diabetes in the Southeastern United States.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome variable was glycaemic control determined by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) within the prior 6 months. Neighbourhood factors included neighbourhood violence, aesthetic quality of the neighbourhood, access to healthy food, and social cohesion. Stress was measured using the perceived stress scale.ResultsIn the final model (χ2(158)=406.97, p<0.001, root mean square error of approximation=0.05, p-close 0.38, Comparative Fit Index=0.97, Tucker-Lewis index=0.96, the coefficient of determination=1.0), violence (r=0.79, p=0.006), neighbourhood aesthetics (r=0.74, p=0.02) and social cohesion (r=0.57, p=0.04) were significantly associated with higher perceived stress. Stress (r=0.06, p=0.004) was directly associated with higher glycaemic control. Significant indirect effects existed between violence and higher HbA1c (r=0.05, p=0.04). After controlling for other neighbourhood factors, there was no significant relationship between access to healthy food and either stress or glycaemic control.ConclusionsWhile a number of neighbourhood factors were directly associated with stress, only neighbourhood violence had a significant indirect effect on glycaemic control via stress within the tested pathway. Future studies should examine individual-level stress management interventions and should consider community-level interventions targeting neighbourhood violence as strategies for addressing disparities in diabetes.