bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Target and Molecular Mechanism of Astragalus Membranaceus in the Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment Based on Systematic Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Lin Long , Chen Wei , Yao Chun , Wu Lin , Yan Qian , Cai Xiaohua , Zhu Sijing , Lao Yilin , Zhang Guangfa , Lan Xuelin , Chen Yuanliang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is extensively utilized in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) treatment. Nevertheless, because of its complex ingredients, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), STITCH, and SwissTargetPrediction have been utilized to gather the primary active ingredients of AM. The potential therapeutic targets of VCI were collected through GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases. Then, the interactive network was drawn. The potential mechanism of AM in VCI treatment was demonstrated by means of enrichment analysis and network topology analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway. Subsequently, molecular docking predicted the binding properties of its potential active ingredients and targets. 20 effective compounds and 733 targets were screened from AM, among which 158 targets were identified as possible targets of AM in treating VCI. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and topology analysis revealed that MAPK3 and MMP9 were the key targets of AM intervention in VCI. Molecular docking studies indicated that calycosin and quercetin may be potential active compounds of AM in VCI treatment. Our study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the pharmacological actions of AM in VCI treatment, which also offers a scientific foundation for greater understanding of the molecular mechanism of AM in treating VCI.
Telenursing a boon for healthcare in India: A scoping Review
Authors: Sharma Maneesh , P Bhawana , Sharma Dinesh K , Parashar Anil , Sevak Sanjay , Vyas Himanshu , Kalal Nipin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: In India there is a huge disparity among percentage of healthcare professionals in rural and urban areas. Majority of population in India lives in rural areas while more than 80% doctors serve in urban areas which imply that majority of healthcare serve only 20% or even less of population. To overcome the health care scarcity to rural population telemedicine and telenursing have shown potential to improve access to healthcare in a cost-effective manner, and to allow increased health literacy and personal well-being among patients Objective: Present scoping review aim to evaluate and summarize the findings of all relevant studies which uses telenursing as a delivery of health care services across the globe. Methods: The literature search was undertaken using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Clinical Key and Ovid discovery databases. The reference list of studies published from 2000 to till April 2021 were hand searched. Result: The result showed that telenursing services were begun in early 90s in abroad however, in India its was pioneered in 1997 by Apollo hospital but the still the horizon of telenursing in India is confined especially in terms of clinical practices. India being a disaster-prone country with an extreme geographical variation with a prevailing inadequacy of healthcare especially in remote areas, telenursing is still a vision for Indian healthcare system. Few barriers application to telenursing in India were documented as policy and social barrier, Lack of infrastructure, accreditation and regulatory bodies, skilled professionals and legal and ethical issues. Conclusion: In India, health care facilities are inaccessible in certain part of the country due to geographical variations, telenursing can play a pivotal role in facilitation of health care services to these areas just by overcoming the barriers.
WITHDRAWN: Factors Influencing Employees’ Information Security Awareness in the Telework Environment
Authors: Zhen Jie , Dong Kunxiang , Xie Zongxiao , Chen Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aims to identify and examine factors influencing employees’ information security awareness (ISA) in the telework environment. Specifically, the authors identify and examine the influence factors rooted in the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model (i.e., knowledge, attitude, and behavior) and knowledge inertia theory (i.e., experience and learning inertia). This research is among pioneering studies that identify and examine the factors influencing employees’ ISA in the telework environment. Our study is also one of the first to investigate antecedents to employees’ ISA rooted in the KAB model and knowledge inertia theory in a telework environment. Results show that employees’ ISA in the telework environment is significantly influenced by their knowledge, behavior toward following security guidelines, and learning inertia, whereas attitude and experience inertia have no significant effect on employees’ ISA.
The Associations of Heart Rate Variability with Stroke Outcomes: Mediating Effects of Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Wang Mengxing , Li Changhong , Xu Wangli , Jin Aoming , Meng Xia , Li Jiejie , Lin Jinxi , Li Hao , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yongjun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHeart rate variability (HRV), as a sensitive index of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, was supposed to be associated with risk of recurrent stroke and functional disability, and negatively related with inflammatory marker levels. Some studies showed that significant changes in HRV metrics might precede the development of asymptomatic or inflammatory flare. This study aimed to validate the association of HRV with stroke outcomes and inflammation, and further to investigate whether inflammatory markers were mediators of the association between HRV and stroke outcome.MethodsPatients were derived from the Third China National Stroke Registry from August 2015 to March 2018. HRV and inflammatory markers was measured at baseline. The primary outcome (ischemic stroke) and secondary outcomes (new stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability) were assessed at 1-year follow-up after stroke symptom onset. Mediation analysis was performed to estimate the mediation effect of inflammatory markers between HRV and stroke outcomes.ResultsA total of 4,592 patients were included in this analysis. The standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN) of HRV was negatively associated with inflammatory markers, including high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The adjusted hazard ratio/odds ratio for the fourth vs. the first quartile of SDNN for Primary and all secondary outcomes were significant (P<0.05). The associations between SDNN and ischemic stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability at one year were mediated by hs-CRP were 3%, 4%, 7%, and 5%, respectively. The mediation proportions of association SDNN with ischemic stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability by IL-6 were 8%, 7%, 14%, and 13%, respectively. ConclusionsSDNN was an independent predictor for stroke outcomes and had a negative relationship with inflammatory markers. Inflammatory markers may partially mediate the relationship between heart rate variability and stroke outcomes at one year. However, the specific role of inflammation in HRV and stroke outcomes needs to be verified by more studies, and our results might provide clues for future studies.
Immunization and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies seroprevalence in a country with high vaccination coverage: Lessons from Chile
Authors: Aguilera Ximena , Gonzalez Claudia , Apablaza Mauricio , Rubilar Paola , Icaza Gloria , Ramirez-Santana Muriel , Perez Claudia , Cortes Lina Jimena , Núñez-Franz Loreto , Quezada-Gaete Rubén , Castillo-Laborde Carla , Correa Juan , Said Macarena , Hormazábal Juan , Vial Cecilia , Vial Pablo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective: Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By December 31st, 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using DIFFERENT TYPES OF COVID-19 VACCINES. In this context, we aimed to estimate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccination campaign.Study design: Population-based cross-sectional serosurvey based on a representative sample of the cities of Santiago, Coquimbo/La Serena, and Talca used in a previous study.Methods: We selected the participants using a three-stage stratified sampling. They were blood-sampled on-site and answered a questionnaire regarding COVID-19-associated variables and vaccination antecedents using Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA to determine seroprevalence. This research followed the generic protocol of World Health Organization Unity studies.Results: We recruited 2,198 individuals aged 7-93 between October 5th and November 25th, 2021. In our sample, 2,132 individuals received COVID-19 vaccinations (97%); 67 (3.1%) received one dose; 2,065 (93.9%) received the complete scheme; and 936 received the booster jab (42.6%). Antibody seroprevalence reached 97.3%, ranging from 40.9% among those not vaccinated to 99.8% in those with booster doses (OR=674.6, 154.8-2938.5). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were associated with vaccination, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, age group, and city of residence. In contrast, we found no significant differences in the type of vaccine used, education, nationality, or type of health insurance.Conclusion: We found a seroprevalence close to 100% in the population aged seven years and older, primarily due to the successful vaccination program, which has a strong emphasis on universal access.
Understanding the physiological and biophysical response of urban roadside plantations for assessing adaptation and mitigation mechanisms toward vehicular emissions
Authors: Singh Hukum , Bandyopadhyay Shabnam , Kumar Amit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The plants follow various strategies for adapting and mitigating climatic and environmental stresses. This offers an opportunity to comprehend adaptation and mitigation mechanisms under changing climate and environment emerging from vehicular emissions. We deployed an approach, i.e., physiological (Phy) and biophysical (Bioph) functional traits (FTs) based approach to understand plant response for assessing adaptation and mitigation potential for offsetting long-term urban climate and environment. We investigated Phy and Bioph FTs of adaptation, especially transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs) and resistance (SRes), water use efficiency (WUE), carboxylation efficiency (CE), mesophyll efficiency (ME), leaf thickness (LTh), and mitigation FTs, including CO2 assimilation rate (A), leaf dust retention efficiency (DRE), and cooling impacts (CI) of the roadside plantation (Delonix regia and Callistemon viminalis). The study reported the significant effects of the roadside urban environment on the modulation of FTs, one of the strategies that plants follow to adapt and mitigate the urban climate. The C. viminalis was reported as having a better adaptive nature with higher mitigation potential than the D. regia. It is advocated that the approach deployed in the study could be exploited for identifying more adaptive plantation species to develop urban green belts for mitigating urban climate and environments.
Immersives Lernen für Geringliteralisierte
Authors: Winther Esther , Paeßens Jessica , Tröster Monika , Bowien-Jansen Beate 
Published: April 2022

Vorliegende Befunde zeigen, dass die Versprechungen der Digitalisierung des Lernens (noch) nicht eingelöst werden konnten. Der Zugang zur Bildung ist trotz digitaler Angebote in den verschiedenen Bildungssektoren hoch selektiv, die Nutzung von Bildungsangeboten hängt (nach wie vor) von der individuellen Bildungssozialisation, vom Alter und Wohnort ab. Gerade für die Erwachsenenbildung, die in hohem Masse auf die freiwillige Beteiligung an ihren Bildungsangeboten setzt, sind diese Befunde alles andere als ermutigend. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, mit welchen Ansätzen immersive Angebote der Erwachsenenbildung – und hier insbesondere im Bereich der Alphabetisierung/Grundbildung – eine hohe Teilnehmendenbindung sowie günstige Lernprognosen realisieren können. Der Fokus liegt insbesondere darauf, wie immersive Lerngelegenheiten inhaltlich und didaktisch gestaltet sein müssen, um vielfältige Herausforderungen in Grundbildungskursen (u. a. lebensweltrelevante Themen, Lernortunabhängigkeit, Kollaborationsfähigkeit) zu adressieren. Das hier vorgestellte Konzept stellt auch auf die sich zunehmend wandelnde Rolle von Kursangeboten in der Grundbildung (von sozialen Räumen hin zu Lernräumen) ab und lotet hierfür die Potenziale immersiver und spielerischer Kursgestaltung mittels Augmented Reality aus.
PREVALENCIA Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL SEXISMO EN EL CONTEXTO ESPAÑOL
Authors: Fernández-García Olga , Gil-Llario María Dolores , Ballester-Arnal Rafael 
Published: April 2022

El sexismo se define como una actitud discriminatoria dirigida hacia las personas en virtud de su pertenencia a un determinado sexo biológico, y, por tanto, las actitudes sexistas constituyen el eje principal sobre el que se mantienen las relaciones de desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres. Así, es importante tener en cuenta que, aunque en los países occidentales el sexismo se manifiesta de forma más sutil, investigaciones recientes corroboran que la ciudadanía continúa teniendo creencias sexistas. Por ello, nos proponemos identificar las actitudes sexistas de una muestra de 692 participantes (71.1% mujeres, 28.9% hombres) de entre 18 y 70 años, y explorar las variables sociodemográficas asociadas a un perfil más sexista. Para ello, se administró el Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente, que evalúa tanto el sexismo hostil como el sexismo benevolente. Los resultados revelan que el 26.9% de la muestra presenta actitudes sexistas, siendo más común el sexismo benevolente (34.8%). Las personas que presentan este tipo de actitudes son, en mayor medida, hombres (t = 8.82, p < .000), con una orientación heterosexual (F = 7.87, p < .000) y un nivel de estudios bajo (F = 8.13, p < .000). La edad también presenta una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa con las actitudes sexistas (r = .244, p < .000). Así, se concluye que más de una cuarta parte de la muestra presenta actitudes sexistas, manifestadas de forma sutil, y que son más prevalentes entre los adultos jóvenes de género masculino, heterosexuales y con un nivel de estudios medio-bajo.
Autumn and Winter Diet of Phasianus colchicus in the Central Ciscaucasia
Authors: Kaledin Anatoly , Malovichko Lyubov΄ , Rezanov Aleksandr , Drozdova Lyudmila 
Published: April 2022

Pheasants are game birds that feed on many insect pest species. The study of the pheasant food spectrum, especially in the autumn and winter period, is relevant and can be used to assess the food supply of birds in natural habitats and form the diet when they are bred in captivity.
The authorities of the Stavropol Region try to preserve pheasant diversity and rationalize its use. In this respect, pheasants’ autumn-winter diet in natural environment is an important research subject that can help poultry farmers.
The research featured the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) inhabiting various biotopes of the Stavropol Territory. The visual food spectrum analysis was based on the stomachs of birds killed by hunters in October–January 2011–2021.
The morning and evening visual observation included eight observation points located on linear routes and stationary sites of the Stavropol Territory. The analysis featured 94 stomachs obtained from the Stepnoye area and 28 stomachs from other areas of the Stavropol Region. Matured seeds and grains represented more than 50% of the stomach content and included wheat, corn, narrow-leaved oleaster, etc. Some samples contained a large number of ants with a minimal content of other foods.
In the Central Ciscaucasia, pheasants inhabit communal gardens, river valleys, agricultural fields, and forest belts. Nowadays, they can be found in urban areas, where they prefer quasi-natural habitats, e.g. green backyards overgrown with such thorny bushes as oleaster, sea buckthorn, blackberry, blackthorn, wild rose, etc. Pheasants are omnivorous; their autumn and winter diet includes cultivated and wild fruits and seeds, as well as insect larvae.
Rating System for Quality Control of Functional Instant Drinks
Authors: Mustafina Anna , Reznichenko Irina , Bakin Igor , Shilov Sergey 
Published: April 2022

Excessive information about a functional product and its qualitative characteristics increases the competitiveness of the product and requires constant monitoring. The present research objective was to develop a rating system of qualitative characteristics for functional instant drinks. The system relied on the method of multidimensional statistical analysis and involved the main descriptors of consumer criteria and sensory properties of the product.
The study featured functional instant fruit and berry drinks, e.g. raspberry, cranberry, cranberry, black currant, blueberry, sea buckthorn, blackberry, apricot, peach, apple, etc. The methods included a focus group approach, a sensory analysis, a new ordinal scale, and a modified method of multivariate statistical evaluation (PCA).
The authors introduced a unified score scale for sensory evaluation of functional instant drinks, which reflected both standard quality indicators and consumer selection criteria. A modified method of multivariate statistical evaluation (PCA) was used to identify the characteristics that consumers see as the most important. The resulting rating system of the main descriptors reflects the information about consumer preferences and reveals significant sensory characteristics and indicators of quality of functional instant drinks. Clustering revealed two groups of consumers, young people aged 18–29 and those aged 30–59, with their own defining quality indicators.
The article contains some useful labeling recommendations for producers of functional instant beverages. The recommendations can increase the competitiveness of the product and meet consumer demand for information. The new scale can be used for various types of functional fruit and berry drinks.
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) Beer with Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Burak Leonid , Zavaley Andrey 
Published: April 2022

Fruits and berries increase the antioxidant activity of beer. Elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) contain biologically active compounds with high antioxidant capacity. The research objective was to develop a new kind of beer with elderberries introduced at different stages of the technological process, as well as to study the antioxidant activity of this functional drink.
The pH was determined with a pH meter, the carbohydrate content and color – with a spectrophotometer, the optical density – with a spectrophotometer, the total polyphenol content – by the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, the antioxidant activity – by the DPPH radical scavenging method, and the absorption – with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at λ = 517 nm.
Elderberries added in the amount of 62.5 and 125 g/dm3 increased the degree of fermentation. According to the European Brewing Convention, the optimal beer color is 22.29 units. To achieve this standard, elderberries had to be added 15 min after the start of boiling the wort. When elderberries were added to the cooled wort, its color decreased by 6.97 units. The concentration of elderberries appeared to have a positive correlation with the antioxidant activity of the finished product: more elderberries meant more polyphenols. The pH did not change during the brewing process and remained within the standard limit of 4.25–4.81. When the concentration of elderberries was 1.25 g/dm3, the antioxidant activity increased by 13.4 times, at 125 g/dm3 – by 22 times. The beer reached its maximal antioxidant activity when elderberries were added to uncooled wort after boiling; it decreased by 16.1% when elderberries were added after cooling the wort.
The content of polyphenols in elderberry beer depended on the concentration of elderberries, while the color and antioxidant capacity – on the amount of elderberries and the stage of the technological process. Unfiltered and unpasteurized elderberries maximized the antioxidant activity and nutritional value of the finished product. The new beer sort will allow microbreweries to expand their product range and attract new consumers.
Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Protein Concentrates from Camelina sativa Oil Cake
Authors: Smol'nikova Yana , Bopp Valentina , Kolomeytsev Alexander , Stutko Oksana , Khanipova Vera , Broshko Dominik 
Published: April 2022

Brassicaceae plants can serve as a soy alternative to protein concentrates and isolates. Enzymatic extraction is a promising alternative to degreasing oilseeds as it requires no organic solvents and produces high-quality protein products. The research featured the effect of the enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulolytic and proteolytic enzymes on Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz oil cake. The objective was to reduce the residual oil content and increase the protein yield.
Protein concentrates were isolated from seed cake obtained by cold pressing. The method involved sequential hydrolysis with enzyme preparations BrewZyme BGX and Meito renin, followed by alkaline extraction and precipitation at an isoelectric point. The amount of protein in the concentrates was determined by the Kjeldahl method, and the amino acid composition – by capillary electrophoresis.
The experiment revealed the optimal concentrations and time, at which the enzymatic hydrolysis effectively removed the residual oil and increased the protein yield. When BrewZyme BGX was applied at a concentration of 8 mg/L for 120 min, it reduced the residual oil content by 5.53%. A further treatment with the proteolytic enzyme Microbial Meito Rennet for 60–120 min increased the protein yield by 10.56–11.33% compared with the fat-free sample. The biological value of protein concentrates obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis was 2% higher than for traditional approaches.
The enzymatic extraction made it possible to avoid the de-greasing stage and raise the protein yield up to 68.86% of the total protein content without reducing the biological value of the finished product.