bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological Interactions of Terrestrial Mammals in the Chihuahuan Desert: A Systematic Map
Authors: Camargo‐Sanabria Angela A. , Fernández Jesús A. , Hernández‐Quiroz Nathalie S. , Buitrago‐Torres Diana L. , Álvarez‐Córdova Fernando 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The Chihuahuan Desert (CD) spans 11 Mexican and three U.S. states, covering 629,000 km2 of mountain systems and lowland basins. In this extreme environment, mammals have evolved physiological and behavioural adaptations to minimise water loss. However, their survival as individuals and species also depends on the interactions they establish over time and space. In this sense, while some ecological interactions between terrestrial mammals in the CD have been studied, our understanding of these complex networks remains unclear coupled with the lack of basic trophic relationship information for some species.

We conducted a systematic literature review in English and Spanish using the PRISMA protocol, searching major scientific databases for studies on ecological interactions among mammals in the CD. We used broad keyword combinations and performed several screenings.

We found a growing trend in studies conducted between 1946 and 2021 (n = 200), with at least one interaction recorded for 81% of the 101 terrestrial mammals in the CD. Predation and herbivory had the most records, and we observed a geographic bias in the spatial distribution of studies towards the northern CD. Rodentia and Carnivora had more information, while Eulipotyphla and Cingulata were understudied.

Many terrestrial mammals participate in multiple interactions in the desert, yet several species remain poorly studied, and many trophic relationships and indirect interactions are largely unknown.
Praxeology, humanism, equity, and mixed methods: Four pillars for advancing second language acquisition and teaching
Authors: Zheng Yongyan , Ortega Lourdes , Pekarek Doehler Simona , Sasaki Miyuki , Eskildsen Søren Wind , Gao Xuesong (Andy) 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this article, we present our vision of a transformed second language acquisition and teaching (SLA/T) disciplinary community that approaches second language (L2) education through four pillars. The first pillar is praxeology (i.e., the study of human action) to highlight the sociocontextually emergent nature of L2 competence. It locates the emergence of L2 grammar and interactional competence in humans acting conjointly with others with and through their L2 across a large variety of social situations and transnational, transcultural, and translingual spaces. The second pillar, humanism, calls for a complex dynamic systems theory–informed understanding of individual differences, with learner agency as a central driving force. The third pillar is equity to confront the field with the recognition that language learning is profoundly inequitable and that most present forms of inequity and injustice, including language‐related inequities, are rooted in coloniality, a matrix of power invented in the late 15th century by European White settlers to ensure the success of colonial domination. Mixed methods research, the fourth pillar, emphasizing emic perspectives, can make findings generalizable and transferrable for practitioners and policymakers, while also revealing the nuanced voices of underrepresented language learner populations. We close by illustrating our vision with the vignette of a language learner and calling researchers to use these four pillars in collaborative pursuits of this SLA/T synergy.
Relationality, interconnectedness, and identity: A process‐focused approach to second language acquisition and teaching (SLA/T)
Authors: Atkinson Dwight , Mejía‐Laguna Jorge , Ribeiro Amable Custodio , Cappellini Marco , Kayi‐Aydar Hayriye , Lowie Wander 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis complex article has six subsections. Following a brief introduction, one team of three co‐authors and three single authors present compact statements of their distinctive individual research perspectives on second language acquisition and teaching (SLA/T): Atkinson, Mejía‐Laguna, and Ribeiro offer a sociocognitive perspective; Cappellini introduces an eclectic perspective in which online communication is analyzed multimodally; Kayi‐Aydar develops a broad‐based identity perspective; and Lowie presents a complex dynamic systems theory perspective on SLA/T. In the final subsection of this article, the six authors investigate together how their different perspectives might synergize with and complement each other. Conceptually, they develop five main points: (a) SLA/T is a process, (b) SLA/T is relational and ecological, (c) SLA/T occurs on multiple temporal dimensions and analytical levels, and (d) SLA/T is multimodal and embodied. Methodologically, they find common ground in multimethods and case‐based research approaches covering a range of different timescales. Pedagogically, they acknowledge the diversity of educational environments around the world, support local autonomy for teachers, and understand learning as emergent.
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients With Prior Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Study on the Burden, Clinic‐Radiological Features, Treatment Outcomes and Comparison With Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Post‐Tubercular Lung Disease Patients
Authors: Ajayababu Anuj , Meena Ved Prakash , Sethi Prayas , Singh Amandeep , Jadon Ranveer Singh , Singh Gagandeep , Xess Immaculata , Spalkit Stanzin , Nischal Neeraj , Vyas Surabhi , Sinha Sanjeev , Wig Naveet , Ray Animesh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPost‐tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is a precursor to Aspergillus‐related lung diseases. While Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA) has been extensively studied in the background of tuberculosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) has been reported sporadically with limited information on its prevalence, clinical‐radiological features, and treatment outcomes.ObjectiveThis study, conducted in a high TB burden setting, aimed to address this knowledge gap by systematically evaluating ABPA in PTLD patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study screened PTLD patients presenting with respiratory or constitutional symptoms persisting for more than 3 months. The objective was to report the prevalence, clinical‐radiological‐laboratory data, and outcomes of ABPA‐PTLD compared to a cohort of CPA (CPA‐PTLD) and patients with PTLD (PTLD only).ResultsOut of a total of 1012 PTLD patients, ABPA was seen in 2.27%, CPA in 20.75% and Aspergillus sensitization in 0.7%. ABPA patients primarily presented with breathlessness (91.3%) and cough (82.6%) while haemoptysis (43.5%), weight loss (13%), and anorexia (21.7%) were also observed, albeit less commonly than in CPA‐PTLD. Bronchiectasis (100%) and nodules (87%) were more frequent in ABPA‐PTLD patients, whereas consolidation (21.7%), cavities (30.4%), pleural thickening (8.7%), and ‘fungal ball’ (9.1%) were also seen, although less commonly than in CPA‐PTLD. Most patients received azoles (78%) as first‐line therapy, with symptomatic improvement (partial/complete) observed in ~78%.ConclusionABPA may occur in PTLD patients, with specific clinical (e.g., haemoptysis) and radiological (e.g., cavity and fungal ball) features uncommon in other types of ABPA, but resembling other PTLD conditions. Future studies should focus on identifying differences in the natural course and appropriate treatment paradigms of ABPA‐PTLD patients compared to ABPA occurring in asthma and cystic fibrosis patients.
Degenerative Hip Osteoarthritis in Unilateral Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Correlation Analysis
Authors: Li Juncheng , Zhu Wenrun , Yang Jun , Niu Xinhao , Tang Han , Cao Lu , Guo Changan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveHip and knee OA often occur successively. However, little is known about the relationship between hip and knee OA in unilateral knee OA patients. The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between unilateral knee OA and bilateral hip degeneration to determine the impact unilateral knee OA has on the severity of hip degeneration.MethodsThis retrospective case–control study enrolled 162 patients who were presented with unilateral knee osteoarthritis and hospitalized in Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, from January 2016 to December 2018. The severity of affected knee joint and bilateral hip joint was evaluated by using the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) score. Variates, such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI) and Knee Society Score (KSS) at admission, were also recorded. Differences in the severity of OA between ipsilateral, contralateral hip joints and affected knee joints were accessed with chi‐square tests. Single‐factor and multi‐factor logistic regression were applied to determine the risk factors for hip OA in patients with unilateral knee OA.ResultsGender have no impact on KSS, the length of disease, and BMI of patients. In contralateral hip joints, there was significant difference in the proportion of patients with severe hip degeneration (KL score ≥ 2) compared to those with mild hip degeneration (KL score < 2) when considering length of disease (p < 0.001), KSS symptom score < 70 (p = 0.001) or KSS function score (p < 0.001). The risk factors for contralateral hip degeneration of patients with unilateral knee OA include that long disease course (> 5 years) (OR 3.030 [95% CI 1.476 to 6.220]; p < 0.001), and high KSS function score (≥ 70 year) (OR 0.921 [95% CI 0.878 to 0.967]; p < 0.001), increased risk of contralateral hip degeneration of patients with unilateral knee OA.ConclusionsThe correlation between unilateral knee OA and contralateral hip degeneration was stronger than that between unilateral knee OA and ipsilateral hip degeneration. For knee OA patients with longer course and lower KSS functional score, more attention should be paid to the degeneration process of the contralateral hip joint.
Global identification and functional characterization of Z‐DNA in rice
Authors: He Zexue , Run Yonghang , Feng Yilong , Yang Ying , Tavakoli Mahmoud , Ahmed Asgar , Ariel Federico , Zhang Wenli 
Published: February 2025

SummaryZ‐DNA is a left‐handed double helix form of DNA that is believed to be involved in various DNA transactions. However, comprehensive investigations aimed at global profiling of Z‐DNA landscapes are still missing in both humans and plants. We here report the development of two techniques: anti‐Z‐DNA antibody‐based immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ZIP‐seq), and cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&TAG) for characterizing Z‐DNA in nipponbare rice (Oryza sativa L., Japonica). We found that Z‐DNA‐IP+ (Z‐DNA recognized by the antibody) exhibits distinct genomic features as compared to Z‐DNA‐IP− (Z‐DNA not recognized by the antibody). The concomitant presence of G‐quadruplexes (G4s) and i‐motifs (iMs) may promote Z‐DNA formation. DNA modifications such as DNA‐6mA/‐4acC generally disfavours Z‐DNA formation, while modifications like DNA‐5mC (CHH) and 8‐oxodG promote it, highlighting the distinct roles of DNA base modifications in modulating Z‐DNA formation. Importantly, Z‐DNA located at transcription start sites (TSSs) enhances gene expression, whereas Z‐DNA in genic regions represses it, underscoring its dual roles in regulating the expression of genes involved in fundamental biological functions and responses to salt stress. Furthermore, Z‐DNA may play a role in transcriptional initiation and termination rather than in transcriptional elongation. Finally, the presence of Z‐DNA in promoters is correlated with the coevolution of overlapping genes, thereby regulating gene domestication. Consequently, our study represents as a pivotal point and a solid foundation for reliably launching genome‐wide investigations of Z‐DNA, thereby advancing the understanding of Z‐DNA biology in both plants and non‐plant systems.
Liver function trends in children with suspected drug‐induced hepatocellular injury: A survey using an electronic medical records database
Authors: Nakakuni Masayoshi , Nakano Kosuke , Inui Ayano , Kobayashi Shinji , Deguchi Naoko , Mitsui Seiji , Kuriyama Takeshi , Miyazaki Seiko 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundDrug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a common adverse drug event with limited pediatric data in the literature. This study aimed to use pediatric electronic medical records to assess hepatocellular DILI in pediatric patients who were prescribed liver‐injury‐inducing drugs.MethodsThe Pediatric Medical Information Collection System (P‐MICS) is a centralized database integrating electronic medical records from over 40 medical pediatric centers. Pediatric patients in the P‐MICS with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels five or more times the upper limit of normal and who were below 15 years of age were selected. Those with liver diseases unrelated to drug‐induced causes were excluded. We identified drugs prescribed 2 to 90 days before the first elevated ALT reading. High‐risk liver‐injury‐causing drugs were determined based on the LiverTox score. We analyzed post‐event ALT and total bilirubin levels (TB) and DILI management.ResultsOf the 817 patients with suspected DILI, 251 were prescribed four drugs identified as high‐risk drugs for hepatocellular DILI: methotrexate (n = 129), aspirin (n = 82), vancomycin (n = 58), and cyclophosphamide (n = 51). The median ALT level at the first event was 245 U/L. Approximately 35% of methotrexate users and cyclophosphamide users experienced recurrent ALT elevation. Some methotrexate users also showed TB elevation. Discontinuation of high‐risk drugs resulted in fewer relapses and TB elevations than pharmacotherapy.ConclusionsThe P‐MICS effectively identifies pediatric patients with potential liver injury and tracks liver function in those prescribed liver‐injury‐causing drugs. This study underscores liver injury risks in pediatric anticancer drug users, highlighting the utility of the P‐MICS in monitoring off‐label drug safety in children.
The C3H gene PtZFP2‐like in Pinellia ternata acts as a positive regulator of the resistance to soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum
Authors: Luo Ming , Li Xinyao , Zhang Jingyi , Miao Yuhuan , Liu Dahui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit is a member of the Araceae family and is globally distributed. The dry tuber has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years. With agricultural development, the harm of soft rot to P. ternata is an increasing problem. The lack of germplasm resources resistant to soft rot leads to less research on resistance mechanisms. In our study, we screened disease‐resistant P. ternata P‐1 and disease‐susceptible P. ternata P‐4 for the first time. Then, the infection of soft rot for 0, 24, and 48 hours was performed, and a de novo transcriptome analysis explored key genes associated with soft rot resistance. A total of 260,169 unigenes were identified and differentially expressed gene analysis was conducted. In total, 33 C3H‐type ZFP genes were differentially expressed under Pectobacterium carotovorum infection. Transient expression of ZFP2‐like (Cluster‐5189.85444) resulted in a twofold increase at 24 hour post infection (hpi) and a threefold increase at 48 hpi in P‐1 with soft rot infection, but no significant difference at P‐4 enhanced the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to soft rot. Stable overexpression in P. ternata with a 2 ~ 11‐fold increase in gene expression and reduced the lesion size from 6 mm to 2 ~ 4 mm at 24 hpi, demonstrating increased resistance to P. carotovorum. These findings indicated the ZFP2‐like gene plays a pivotal role in soft rot resistance, enriches genetic data on disease resistance in P. ternata, and contributes to breed selection and improvement.
Rising Income Inequality and the Impact of r‐g$$ r\hbox{-} g $$ in the United States
Authors: Abatemarco Antonio , Lagomarsino Elena , Spiganti Alessandro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel non‐parametric strategy to test ‘Piketty's third law,' postulating that a positive gap between the rate of return on capital () and the economy's growth rate () is associated with increased income inequality. The strategy is based on a decomposition of inequality changes over time that allows investigating the existence of a distributive effect of the gap and its relative importance with respect to other drivers of income inequality changes over time. Applying this strategy to data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics on the last 50 years, we find support for the existence of Piketty's law in the evolution of income inequality in the United States. Whereas factors other than Piketty's income dynamics predominantly drive overall inequality, the gap accounts for approximately 10% of the trend in income inequality in the medium‐ and long‐term.
The Polarization of Personal Saving
Authors: Gindelsky Marina , Martin Robert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Bureau of Economic Analysis and Bureau of Labor Statistics have constructed the first complete distribution of personal saving (2004–2022) for the U.S. by estimating the joint distribution of disposable personal income and personal consumption expenditures. We start with household surveys, augmented with administrative sources, to correct for suspected underreporting in the distribution tails. We then scale household values to national accounts totals and calculate the resulting distribution of personal saving, extending existing distributional national accounts for the U.S. While aggregate saving is 3% of personal income in 2022, it is negative for the bottom half of the distribution. In fact, consumption expenditures are more than double income for the bottom 10%, but almost six times less than income for the top 1%. Despite a temporary increase in saving during the COVID pandemic, the polarization is large and persistent, and robust to modifying the definitions and sample composition.
A cell fractionation and quantitative proteomics pipeline to enable functional analyses of cotton fiber development
Authors: Lee Youngwoo , Rani Heena , Mallery Eileen L. , Szymanski Daniel B. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYCotton fibers are aerial trichoblasts that employ a highly polarized diffuse growth mechanism to emerge from the developing ovule epidermis. After executing a complicated morphogenetic program, the cells reach lengths over 2 cm and serve as the foundation of a multi‐billion‐dollar textile industry. Important traits such as fiber diameter, length, and strength are defined by the growth patterns and cell wall properties of individual cells. At present, the ability to engineer fiber traits is limited by our lack of understanding regarding the primary controls governing the rate, duration, and patterns of cell growth. To gain insights into the compartmentalized functions of proteins in cotton fiber cells, we developed a label‐free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for systems‐level analyses of fiber proteome. Purified fibers from a single locule were used to fractionate the fiber proteome into apoplast (APOT), membrane‐associated (p200), and crude cytosolic (s200) fractions. Subsequently, proteins were identified, and their localizations and potential functions were analyzed using combinations of size exclusion chromatography, statistical and bioinformatic analyses. This method had good coverage of the p200 and APOT fractions, the latter of which was dominated by proteins associated with particulate membrane‐enclosed compartments. The apoplastic proteome was diverse, the proteins were not degraded, and some displayed distinct multimerization states compared to their cytosolic pool. This quantitative proteomic pipeline can be used to improve coverage and functional analyses of the cotton fiber proteome as a function of developmental time or differing genotypes.
Unraveling the role of OsSCL26 in transcriptional regulation in rice: Insights into grain shape, heading date, and carbohydrates
Authors: Jin Xiaoli , Lu Yingying , Liu Jialin , Liu Hui , Wu Nan , Li Mei , Zhou Weijun 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYGrain shape, heading date, and amylase content are pivotal traits influencing rice yield, quality, distribution, and regional adaptability. Through our investigation, we identified a mutant, characterized by slender grains, elevated amylose content, and early heading date. Histocytologic scrutiny unveiled heightened cell proliferation in the spikelet hull contributing to the slender grain morphology. The OsSCL26 gene, governing these significant traits, was meticulously cloned via fine‐mapping. Phenotypic scrutiny of OsSCL26 knockout and overexpression lines validated its pivotal role in trait regulation. Further analysis disclosed a substitution in the OsSCL26 promoter region, creating a novel binding site for the transcript factor OsbZIP47, thereby modulating its expression in the osscl26 mutant. Functionally, OsSCL26, acting as a serine/arginine‐rich SC35‐like protein, interacted with U1‐70K in vivo and in vitro. OsSCL26 exhibited direct binding to genes implicated in grain shape and carbohydrates, thereby regulating their splicing. Moreover, OsSCL26 showed direct and indirect associations with target RNAs involved in circadian rhythm. Overall, our findings elucidate the mechanism of OsSCL26, an RNA binding protein interacting with splicing factor, as a crucial member of the spliceosome, thereby impacting post‐transcriptional splicing and regulating grain shape, heading date, and carbohydrates in rice.
Jordan correspondence and block distribution of characters
Authors: Kessar Radha , Malle Gunter 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe complete the determination of the ‐block distribution of characters for quasi‐simple exceptional groups of Lie type up to some minor ambiguities relating to non‐uniqueness of Jordan decomposition. For this, we first determine the ‐block distribution for finite reductive groups whose ambient algebraic group defined in characteristic different from has connected centre. As a consequence, we derive a compatibility between ‐blocks, ‐Harish‐Chandra series and Jordan decomposition. Further, we apply our results to complete the proof of Robinson's conjecture on defects of characters.
The ‘Religious Right’ in the 2020 Aotearoa New Zealand General Election
Authors: Gregory Isabella 
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the unsettled relationship between religion and politics in Aotearoa New Zealand through a close study of the 2020 General Election. By examining three intersecting policy domains—health reform, Māori policy, and foreign affairs—the article examines the ways in which the New Conservatives, One Party, Vision New Zealand, and Advance New Zealand challenged normative paradigms of the ‘religious right’. While these groups’ moral conservatism loomed large in the public eye, their pursuit of radical possibilities for social change remains little understood. While these parties were often antagonistic and always provocative, a close analysis of their policies helps to situate how conservative, far-right, and progressive politics may be found knitted together in the political fabric of Aotearoa New Zealand. Recognising this reality is important for the left to counter extremism, foster progressive alliances, and productively imagine alternative futures.