bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey regarding orthodontic treatment among contemporary college freshmen in China
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Li Haolin , Fan Xi , Guo Yongwen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A growing number of Chinese residents are seeking orthodontic treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate rates of orthodontic publicity, orthodontic treatment history and related factors among college freshmen in China, to preliminarily understand the current situation of orthodontic publicity and treatment in China, especially after the 2020s.

Methods
Referred to previous studies, a self-designed online questionnaire of Chinese college freshmen was conducted. The questionnaire was divided into two parts, after collecting basic information, we investigated orthodontic publicity rate and orthodontic treatment history with starting age, relapse phenomenon, satisfaction score and willingness to re-treatment. Factors hindering first-time and second-time treatment were also collected. The statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test and logistic regression analysis.

Results
The response rate was 100% and 3308 responses were included. The male to female ratio was 1524:1784 with a mean age of 18.43 years (SD 0.91 years). Statistically significant of economic administrative regions, age, major and orthodontics engagement of relatives or friends were found on prevalence and rate of orthodontic treatment (P < 0.05). Average opinion on orthodontic treatment was “satisfied” and most claimed a phenomenon of relapse (slight relapse: 38.22%, obvious relapse: 23.12%), where age, major and orthodontics engagement of relatives or friends showed statistically significant. Retreatment willingness was correlation with start age and relapse phenomenon. For those who refused first-time treatment, except for good tooth arrangement condition, pain, long-time span, and cost weighted, while for those who refused re-treatment, the fair of discomfort and long-time span ranked at the top.

Conclusions
In contemporary China, the prevalence and rate of orthodontic treatment had been greatly promoted. Earlier age for receiving orthodontic treatment was also discovered. Subjective factors regarding psychology, self-requirement affected the need of orthodontic treatment. Contemporary Chinese college freshmen had a high ability of judging dental alignment, while improve of overall orthodontic care level is still required.
Antimalarial activity of solvent fractions of a leaf of Eucalyptus globulus labill against Plasmodium berghei infected mice
Authors: Ayalew Mihret , Atnafie Seyfe Asrade , Bekele Azmeraw 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The leaf of Eucalyptus globulus is commonly used in the traditional management of malaria. However, the efficacy of solvent fractions are didn’t study yet scientifically. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antimalarial efficacy of the solvent fractions of the leaf of Eucalyptus globulus in mice against P.berghei.

Methods
The antimalarial activity of the fractions was tested in a 4-day suppressive test, Rane’s test, and prophylactic test models within P.berghei infected mice. The results were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a post hoc Tukey’s test in version 20 SPSS.

Results
All fractions at all test doses in the three test models suppressed parasitemia (p < 0.001) compared to the negative controls. In addition, the CF and EA at all three test doses and the AF at 400 mg/kg in three antimalarial test models showed 50% and above parasitemia suppression. In compliance with this, all fractions at all test doses in all test models prolonged the mean survival time of the mice greater than 12 days, except the AF at a lower dose. All fractions at 400 mg/kg in the three test models prevented (p < 0.001) loss of body weight and rectal temperature compared to the negative controls. Furthermore, all fractions in all test models and doses prevented packed cell volume reduction (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) compared to the negative controls..

Conclusion
The findings of this study showed that CF and EAF had greater antimalarial activity compared to AF. This could be attributed to the presence of few phytochemicals in the AF in contrast to the CF and EAF. Overall, the results of this study further support the in vitro antimalarial activity study and the traditional use of the leaf in the management of malaria.
The Swedish father/non-birthing parent visit: evaluating implementation fidelity among child health nurses one year after voluntary implementation
Authors: Odonde Rahel-Ochido Ibilola , Aronson Olov , Wells Michael B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSwedish child health centres (CHCs) have created a series of visits for fathers/non-birthing parents. The primary aim was to assess child health nurses’ implementation fidelity of the father/non-birthing parent visits, with a secondary aim of exploring predictor variables for fidelity. In 2017, nurses voluntarily implemented a series of father/non-birthing parent visits in Region Stockholm. Nurses (n = 122) completed baseline and 8—12 month follow-up surveys. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Register data on the number of fathers attending the three-to-five month visit was used. Frequencies of nurses reporting good overall adherence to the home visit, three-to-five week visit, and three-to-five month visit were 86%, 76%, and 68%, respectively. A total of 3,609 fathers attended the three-to-five month visit in 2018, where over half of the visits were at 14 of the 134 CHCs. Multiple linear regression showed that working for a private CHC, seeing more fathers, and nurses’ perceptions of receiving enough support predicted higher three-to-five month visit adherence. After nurses saw eight fathers, they were more likely to adhere to the guidelines.
Medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes in adults making a stop-smoking attempt: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klonizakis Markos , Gumber Anil , McIntosh Emma , Brose Leonie S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and smoking cessation reduces excess risk. E-cigarettes are popular for smoking cessation but there is little evidence on their cardiovascular health effect. Our objective was to compare the medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects in smokers attempting to quit smoking using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

Methods
This was a single-center, pragmatic three-arm randomized (1:1:1) controlled trial, which recruited adult smokers (≥ 10 cigarettes/day), who were willing to attempt to stop smoking with support (n = 248).
Participants were randomized to receive behavioral support with either (a) e-cigarettes with 18 mg/ml nicotine, (b) e-cigarettes without nicotine, and (c) NRT.
Flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) and peak cutaneous vascular conductance (CVCmax) responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and other outcomes were recorded at baseline, 3, and 6 months after stopping smoking. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE).

Results
At 3- and 6-month follow-up, %FMD showed an improvement over baseline in all three groups (e.g., p < 0.0001 at 6 months). Similarly, ACh, SNP, and MAP improved significantly over baseline in all groups both at 3 and 6 months (e.g., ACh: p = 0.004, at 6 months).

Conclusions
Smokers attempting to quit experienced positive cardiovascular impact after both a 3- and 6-month period. None of the groups (i.e., nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-cigarettes or NRT) offered superior cardiovascular benefits to the others.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03061253. Registered on 17 February 2017.
A randomised controlled trial to assess the antithrombotic effects of aspirin in type 1 diabetes: role of dosing and glycaemic control
Authors: Parker William A. E. , Sagar Rebecca , Kurdee Zeyad , Hawkins Fladia , Naseem Khalid M. , Grant Peter J. , Storey Robert F. , Ajjan Ramzi A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The enhanced thrombotic milieu in diabetes contributes to increased risk of vascular events. Aspirin, a key antiplatelet agent, has inconsistent effects on outcomes in diabetes and the best dosing regimen remains unclear. This work investigated effects of aspirin dose and interaction with glycaemia on both the cellular and protein components of thrombosis.

Methods
A total of 48 participants with type 1 diabetes and 48 healthy controls were randomised to receive aspirin 75 or 300 mg once-daily (OD) in an open-label crossover study. Light transmittance aggregometry and fibrin clot studies were performed before and at the end of each treatment period.

Results
Aspirin demonstrated reduced inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation (PA) in participants with diabetes compared with controls, although the higher dose showed better efficacy. Higher aspirin dose facilitated clot lysis in controls but not individuals with diabetes. Collagen-induced PA correlated with glycaemic control, those in the top HbA1c tertile having a lesser inhibitory effect of aspirin. Threshold analysis suggested HbA1c levels of > 65 mmol/mol and > 70 mmol/mol were associated with poor aspirin response to 75 and 300 mg daily doses, respectively. Higher HbA1c was also associated with longer fibrin clot lysis time.

Conclusions
Patients with diabetes respond differently to the antiplatelet and profibrinolytic effects of aspirin compared with controls. In particular, those with elevated HbA1c have reduced inhibition of PA with aspirin. Our findings indicate that reducing glucose levels improves the anti-thrombotic action of aspirin in diabetes, which may have future clinical implications.

Trial registration
EudraCT, 2008-007875-26, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2008-007875-26.
Hormonal regulation of telomerase activity and hTERT expression in steroid-regulated tissues and cancer
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Najafi Sajad , Kallenbach Julia , Keramatfar Elmira , Atri Roozbahani Golnaz , Heidari Horestani Mehdi , Hussen Bashdar Mahmud , Baniahmad Aria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNaturally, in somatic cells chromosome ends (telomeres) shorten during each cell division. This process ensures to limit proliferation of somatic cells to avoid malignant proliferation; however, it leads to proliferative senescence. Telomerase contains the reverse transcriptase TERT, which together with the TERC component, is responsible for protection of genome integrity by preventing shortening of telomeres through adding repetitive sequences. In addition, telomerase has non-telomeric function and supports growth factor independent growth. Unlike somatic cells, telomerase is detectable in stem cells, germ line cells, and cancer cells to support self-renewal and expansion. Elevated telomerase activity is reported in almost all of human cancers. Increased expression of hTERT gene or its reactivation is required for limitless cellular proliferation in immortal malignant cells. In hormonally regulated tissues as well as in prostate, breast and endometrial cancers, telomerase activity and hTERT expression are under control of steroid sex hormones and growth factors. Also, a number of hormones and growth factors are known to play a role in the carcinogenesis via regulation of hTERT levels or telomerase activity. Understanding the role of hormones in interaction with telomerase may help finding therapeutical targets for anticancer strategies. In this review, we outline the roles and functions of several steroid hormones and growth factors in telomerase regulation, particularly in hormone regulated cancers such as prostate, breast and endometrial cancer.
Dual roles of interleukin-33 in cognitive function by regulating central nervous system inflammation
Authors: Rao Xiuqin , Hua Fuzhou , Zhang Lieliang , Lin Yue , Fang Pu , Chen Shoulin , Ying Jun , Wang Xifeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the advent of an aging society, the incidence of dementia is increasing, resulting in a vast burden on society. It is increasingly acknowledged that neuroinflammation is implicated in various neurological diseases with cognitive dysfunction such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and central nervous system infections. As an important neuroinflammatory factor, interleukin-33 (IL-33) is highly expressed in various tissues and cells in the mammalian brain, where it plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of central nervous system conditions. Reams of previous studies have shown that IL-33 has both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, playing dual roles in the progression of diseases linked to cognitive impairment by regulating the activation and polarization of immune cells, apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity. This article will summarize the current findings on the effects IL-33 exerts on cognitive function by regulating neuroinflammation, and attempt to explore possible therapeutic strategies for cognitive disorders based on the adverse and protective mechanisms of IL-33.
Discovery and validation of tissue-specific DNA methylation as noninvasive diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Dapeng , Zhang Lei , Fu Jinming , Huang Hao , Liu Yanlong , Zhu Lin , Sun Hongru , Sun Simin , Zhang Ding , Tian Tian , Wang Fan , Hu Fulan , Peng Xiaolin , Li Gairui , Zhao Liyuan , Zheng Ting , Wang Xuan , Cui Binbin , Zhao Yashuang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Noninvasive diagnostic markers that are capable of distinguishing patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from healthy individuals or patients with other cancer types are lacking. We report the discovery and validation of a panel of methylation-based markers that specifically detect CRC.

Methods
This was a large-scale discovery study based on publicly available datasets coupled with a validation study where multiple types of specimens from six cohorts with CRC, other cancer types, and healthy individuals were used to identify and validate the tissue-specific methylation patterns of CRC and assess their diagnostic performance.

Results
In the discovery and validation cohort (N = 9307), ten hypermethylated CpG sites located in three genes, C20orf194, LIFR, and ZNF304, were identified as CRC-specific markers. Different analyses have suggested that these CpG sites are CRC-specific hypermethylated and play a role in transcriptional silencing of corresponding genes. A random forest model based on ten markers achieved high accuracy rates between 85.7 and 94.3% and AUCs between 0.941 and 0.970 in predicting CRC in three independent datasets and a low misclassification rate in ten other cancer types. In the in-house validation cohort (N = 354), these markers achieved consistent discriminative capabilities. In the cfDNA pilot cohort (N = 14), hypermethylation of these markers was observed in cfDNA samples from CRC patients. In the cfDNA validation cohort (N = 155), the two-gene panel yielded a sensitivity of 69.5%, specificity of 91.7%, and AUC of 0.806.

Conclusions
Hypermethylation of the ten CpG sites is a CRC-specific alteration in tissue and has the potential use as a noninvasive cfDNA marker to diagnose CRC.
Nonnegative solution of a class of double phase problems with logarithmic nonlinearity
Authors: Aberqi Ahmed , Benslimane Omar , Elmassoudi Mhamed , Ragusa Maria Alessandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis manuscript proves the existence of a nonnegative, nontrivial solution to a class of double-phase problems involving potential functions and logarithmic nonlinearity in the setting of Sobolev space on complete manifolds. Some applications are also being investigated. The arguments are based on the Nehari manifold and some variational techniques.
Existence of infinitely many solutions of nonlinear fourth-order discrete boundary value problems
Authors: Chen Yanshan , Zhou Zhan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe fourth-order discrete Dirichlet boundary value problem is also a discrete elastic beam problem. In this paper, the existence of infinitely many solutions to this problem is investigated through the critical point theory. By an important inequality we established and the oscillatory behavior of f either near the origin or at infinity, we obtain the existence of infinitely many solutions, which either converge to zero or unbounded. In the end, two examples are presented to illustrate our results.
CircRNA 0009043 suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer development via targeting the miR-148a-3p/DNAJB4 axis
Authors: She Kelin , Yu Shaoqi , He Shushuai , Wang Wen , Chen Biao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators of the development and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and many other malignancies. The functional importance of circ_0009043 in NSCLC, however, has yet to be established.

Methods
The expression of circ_0009043, miR-148a-3p, and DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B4 (DNAJB4) in NSCLC cells was assessed via qPCR. The proliferative activity of these cells was examined through EdU uptake and CCK-8 assays, while flow cytometry approaches were used to examine apoptotic cell death rates. Protein expression was measured through Western immunoblotting. Interactions between miR-148a-3p and circ_0009043 or DNAJB4 were detected through RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The in vivo importance of circ_0009043 as a regulator of oncogenic activity was assessed using murine xenograft models.

Results
Both NSCLC cells and tissue samples were found to exhibit circ_0009043 upregulation, and lower circ_0009043 expression levels were found to be related to poorer NSCLC patient overall survival. Knocking down circ_0009043 resulted in the enhancement of NSCLC cell proliferative activity and the suppression of apoptotic tumor cell death in vitro, while also driving more rapid in vivo tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, circ_0009043 was found to function as a molecular sponge that sequestered miR-148a-3p, which was in turn able to directly suppress DNAJB4 expression. When miR-148a-3p was overexpressed, this reversed the impact of knocking down circ_0009043 on the apoptotic death and proliferation of NSCLC cells. Conversely, miR-148a-3p inhibition resulted in the suppression of NSCLC cell apoptosis and the enhancement of tumor cell growth, while the downregulation of DNAJB4 reversed these changes.

Conclusion
Circ_0009043 acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC cells, promoting DNAJB4 upregulation via the sequestration of miR-148a-3p.
Unlicensed driving among young drivers in North Carolina: a quasi-induced exposure analysis
Authors: Wang Yudan Chen , Foss Robert D. , Goodwin Arthur H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the prevalence of driving among teenagers who have not yet obtained a license. The primary objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of unlicensed driving among young drivers using the quasi-induced exposure (QIE) approach and to determine whether unlicensed driving was more common among minority and lower-income teenagers. Additionally, we examined whether unlicensed driving among adolescents increased following the implementation of a graduated driver licensing (GDL) system and whether GDL differentially affected minority and low-income adolescents.

Methods
Using North Carolina crash and driver license data, we identified 90,267 two-vehicle crashes from 1991 through 2016 where only one driver was considered contributory and the non-contributory driver was a White or Black 16 or 17 years old. In the QIE approach, these non-contributory young drivers are assumed to be representative of all adolescents driving in the state during this time period. The prevalence of unlicensed driving among adolescents by age and year was estimated by identifying the proportion of non-contributory drivers who had never been licensed by the time of their involvement in these two-vehicle crashes. We further conducted logistic regression analyses to examine the likelihood of a non-contributory young driver being unlicensed as a function of race, neighborhood income level, and licensing era (prior to or after GDL was implemented).

Results
During the 26 years for which data were available, the mean annual prevalence of unlicensed driving was 1.2% for 16-year-olds and 1.7% among 17-year-olds. Young Black drivers and individuals living in lower-income neighborhoods were somewhat more likely to drive before obtaining a license, but the rates of unlicensed driving among these groups were also quite low. Unlicensed driving increased slightly for 17-year-olds following the implementation of GDL, but returned to previous levels after a few years.

Conclusion
Unlicensed driving among adolescents in North Carolina is substantially less common than suggested by previous self-report studies and analyses of fatal crash data.
Comparison of shadow models and their impact on precise orbit determination of BeiDou satellites during eclipsing phases
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Xiaoya , Xi Kewei , Li Zhen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSolar radiation pressure (SRP) is an extremely critical perturbative force that affects the GNSS satellites’ precise orbit determination (POD). Its imperfect modelling is one of the main error sources of POD, whose magnitude is even to10−9 m/s2. The shadow factor (i.e., eclipse factor) is one crucial parameter of SRP, generally estimated by the cylindrical model, the conical model, or shadow models considering the Earth’s oblateness and the atmospheric effect, such as the Perspective Projection Method atmosphere (PPMatm) model and Solar radiation pressure with Oblateness and Lower Atmospheric Absorption, Refraction, and Scattering Curve Fit (SOLAARS-CF) model. This paper applies the former four shadow models to determine the corresponding precise orbit using BeiDou satellites’ ground-based observation, and then compared and assessed the orbit accuracy through Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) validation and Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) check. The results show that the PPMatm model’s accuracy is equivalent to the SOLAARS-CF model. Compared with the conical shadow model, SLR validations show the orbit accuracy from the PPMatm and SOLAARS-CF model can be generally improved by 2–10 mm; ISL range check shows that the Root Mean Square (RMS) can be decreased by 2–7 mm. These results show that the shadow model in GNSS POD should fully consider the Earth’s oblateness and the atmospheric effect, especially for the perturbative acceleration higher than 10–10 m/s2.
Graphical Abstract