bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Opportunity to bond and a sense of normality’: Parent and staff views of cuddling babies undergoing therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal intensive care: ‘CoolCuddle’
Authors: Ingram Jenny , Beasant Lucy , Odd David , Chakkarapani Ela 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, parents whose sick babies are undergoing three days of cooling therapy for hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are not permitted to cuddle their cooled babies, due to concerns of warming the baby or dislodging breathing tubes or vascular catheters. Parents want to stay and care for their cooled babies and have reported that bonding is adversely affected when they are not permitted to hold them.Design and ParticipantsQualitative interviews with 21 parents of cooled babies in NICU (11 mothers and 10 fathers) and 10 neonatal staff (4 consultants and 6 nurses) explored their views and experiences of an intervention to enable parents to cuddle their cooled babies (CoolCuddle). Thematic analysis methods were used to develop the themes and compare them between parents and staff.ResultsFive themes were produced. Three themes were comparable between parents and staff: Closeness, a sense of normality and reassurance and support. An additional parent theme reflected their mixed feelings about initial participation as they were apprehensive, but felt that it was an amazing opportunity. Parents and staff described the closeness between parents and babies as important for bonding and breastfeeding. Fathers particularly appreciated the opportunity to hold and bond with their infants. Parents valued the reassurance and support received from staff, and the cuddles helped them feel more normal and more like a family at a very stressful time. In a final staff theme, they discussed the skills, number of staff and training needed to undertake CoolCuddle in NICU.ConclusionsParents cuddling their babies during cooling therapy enhanced parent–infant bonding and family‐centred care in NICU and was positively received. Adverse perinatal mental health, impaired mother–infant bonding and their effects on the establishment of breastfeeding may be ameliorated by introducing CoolCuddle.Patient ContributionOur parent advisors contributed to the interview topic guides and endorsed the themes from the analysis.
Living with restraint: Reactions of nurses and lived experience workers to restrictions placed on the use of prone restraint
Authors: Meehan Tom , McGovern Megan , Keniry Donnacha , Schiffmann Ian , Stedman Terry 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite recent changes to mental health policy in Australia and overseas, physical restraint continues to be widely employed in mental health services. While mental health nurses have a critical role to play in supporting initiatives designed to reduce restraint, it is unclear how they feel about moves to restrict the use of prone restraint. In this qualitative study, focus group interviews were conducted with mental health nursing staff and lived experience workers (LEWs) to gain their perspectives on the use of physical restraint in general and the restrictions being placed on prone (‘face down’) restraint. Five themes emerged: justifying the need for restraint, reliance on the prone position, the position is not the issue, time limits, and the psychological impact. Although mental health nurses were concerned about the risks associated with physical restraint, they provided strong justification for continued use of the prone position. LEWs raised concerns about the psychological impact of prone restraint and noted the need for a greater emphasis on de‐escalation and other restraint avoidance strategies. The findings highlight the complexities and challenges to be considered when developing initiatives to reduce reliance on the use of restraint in general, and prone in particular.
Conventional HP sintering of asymmetric hexagonal structure Yb3+‐doped Sr5(PO4)3F transparent ceramic without additives
Authors: Liu Xinwen , Tan Guolong , Li Weiwei , Mei Bingchu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe 2 at.% Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F (S‐FAP) polycrystalline transparent ceramic with asymmetric hexagonal structures has been synthesized by vacuum hot‐pressing the nanoparticles prepared via coprecipitation method. X‐ray diffraction results of powder and ceramic indicate that their phase peaks are well matched to the crystal structure of S‐FAP. The average particle size of 35.5 nm has been exhibited by powder scanning electron microscopy images, and subsequent images of the ceramic cross section and surface morphology revealed a homogenous and compact microstructure with an average grain size of around 220 nm. The relationship between the optical loss caused by the scattering of anisotropic ceramic grains and the optical transmittance of ceramics was revealed in the hexagonal S‐FAP transparent ceramics with different thicknesses. The in‐line transmittance of hot‐pressed ceramics with 1.5‐mm thickness achieved 79.95% at 1100‐nm wavelength, and the room‐temperature absorption and emission spectra of Yb3+ in S‐FAP polycrystalline ceramic matrix were measured using a spectrofluorometer.
Meta-analysis of the antifungal activities of three essential oils as alternative therapies in dermatophytosis infections
Authors: Villar Rodríguez Julia , Pérez-Pico Ana María , Mingorance-Álvarez Esther , Mayordomo Acevedo Raquel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
This work examines the available scientific evidence about the efficiency of essential oils (EO) as an alternative therapy to traditional treatment of fungal infections, including onychomycosis, assessing the effect of the three EO most frequently studied for their antifungal activity (thyme, cinnamon and tea tree EO) against three causative agents of fungal diseases in humans: Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex and Candida albicans.

Methods and Results
The PRISMA statement protocol was followed to conduct a bibliographical search and 54 articles that met all the inclusion criteria were retrieved. Differences were observed in the MIC and MFC values depending on the micro-organism strain and the EO used. The lowest MIC were observed with Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO (0.013–1120 μl ml−1) against the three micro-organisms. For MFC, the lowest value was found for Thymus vulgaris EO (4.2 μl ml−1) against Trichophyton rubrum.

Conclusions
The antifungal effects of EO could be a very promising solution to overcome the therapeutic shortcomings of antimycotic medication. More experiments are needed to examine the properties of these oils to devise effective and nonaggressive therapies for treatment of dermatophytosis.

Significance and Impact of Study
The results indicate that EO remain good candidates for future treatments and could provide a solution for failed medications and/or adverse reactions to current pharmacological treatments.
Multilocus sequence analysis and identification of mating-type idiomorphs distribution in Magnaporthe oryzae population of Karnataka state of India
Authors: Chittaragi Amoghavarsha , Pramesh Devanna , Naik Ganesha R. , Naik Manjunath K. , Yadav Manoj K. , Ngangkham Umakanta , Siddepalli Manjunatha E. , Nayak Anusha , Prasannakumar Muthukapalli K. , Eranna Chidanandappa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
To investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and mating-type distribution among the eco-distinct isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae from Karnataka, India.

Methods and Results
A set of 38 isolates of M. oryzae associated with leaf blast disease of rice were collected from different rice ecosystems of Karnataka, India, and analysed for their diversity at actin, β-tubulin, calmodulin, translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF-1-α), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes/region. The isolates were grouped into two clusters based on the multilocus sequence diversity, the majority being in cluster-IA (n = 37), and only one isolate formed cluster-IB. Population structure was analysed using 123 SNP data to understand the genetic relationship. Based on K = 2 and ancestry threshold of &gt;70%, blast strains were classified into two subgroups (SG1 and SG2) whereas, based on K = 4 and ancestry threshold of &gt;70%, blast strains were classified into four subgroups (SG1, SG2, SG3 and SG4). We have identified 13 haplotype groups where haplotype group 2 was predominant (n = 20) in the population. The Tajima's and Fu's Fs neutrality tests exhibited many rare alleles. Further, the mating-type analysis was also performed using MAT1 gene-specific primers to find the potentiality of sexual reproduction in different ecosystems. The majority of the isolates (54.5%) had MAT1-2 idiomorph, whereas 45.5% of the isolates possessed MAT1-1 idiomorph.

Conclusions
The present study found the genetically homogenous population of M. oryzae by multilocus sequence analysis. Both mating types, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2, were found within the M. oryzae population of Karnataka.

Significance and impact of study
The study on the population structure and sexual mating behaviour of M. oryzae is important in developing region-specific blast-resistant rice cultivars. This is the first report of MAT1 idiomorphs distribution in the M. oryzae population in any Southern state of India.
Low voltage‐guided ablation of posterior wall improves 5‐year arrhythmia‐free survival in persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Cutler Michael J. , Sattayaprasert Prasongchai , Pivato Erica , Jabri Ahmad , AlMahameed Soufian T. , Ziv Ohad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe posterior wall (PW) has been proposed as a standard target for ablation beyond pulmonary vein antral isolation (PVI) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, studies have shown inconsistent outcomes with the addition of PW ablation. The presence or absence of low voltage on the PW may explain these inconsistencies. We evaluated whether PW ablation based on the presence or absence of low voltage improves long‐term arrhythmia‐free outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 5‐year follow‐up in 152 consecutive patients who received either standard ablation (SA) with PVI alone or PVI + PW ablation (PWA) based on physician discretion (n = 77) or voltage‐guided ablation (VGA) with PVI and addition of PWA only if low voltage was present on the PW (n = 75).ResultsThe two groups were well matched for baseline characteristics. At 5‐year follow‐up, 64% of patients receiving VGA were atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT)/AF free compared to 34% receiving SA (HR 0.358 p < .005). PWA had similar AF recurrence in SA and VGA groups (0.30 vs. 0.27 p = .96) but higher AT recurrence when comparing SA and VGA groups (0.39 vs. 0.15 p = .03). In multivariate analysis, both VGA and PWA predicted AF arrhythmia‐free survival (HR 0.33, p = .001 and HR 0.20, p = .008, respectively). For AT, VGA predicted arrhythmia‐free survival (HR 0.22, p = .028), while PWA predicted AT recurrence (HR 4.704, p = .0219).ConclusionVGA of the posterior wall ablation beyond PVI in persistent AF significantly improves long‐term arrhythmia‐free survival when compared with non‐voltage‐guided ablation. PW ablation without voltage‐guidance reduced AF recurrence but at the cost of a higher incidence of AT.
Right atrium to left ventricle puncture for VT ablation in patients with mechanical aortic and mitral valves: A step‐by‐step approach
Authors: Santangeli Pasquale 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn patients with mechanical valves in the aortic and mitral positions, percutaneous access to the left ventricle (LV) for catheter ablation (CA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is challenging. We have recently described a novel percutaneous trans‐right atrial (RA) access to the LV via a femoral venous approach for CA of VT in patients with mechanical aortic and mitral valves. With this approach, an iatrogenic Gerbode‐type of ventricular septal defect is created with direct puncture of the inferior and medial aspect of the RA anatomically adjacent to the inferior‐septal LV. The technique involves the use of steerable sheaths, dedicated radiofrequency wires, and intracardiac echocardiography guidance. The procedure has been documented feasible and safe in a series of consecutive patients with aortic and mitral mechanical valves and VT related to LV substrate. In this study, the procedural details of this novel approach are described in a step‐by‐step fashion.
Diagnosis of proteinuria using a random urine protein‐creatinine ratio and its correlation with adverse outcomes in pregnancy with preeclampsia characterized by renal damage
Authors: Xiao Jiangbo , Fan Weimin , Zhu Qingyi , Shi Zhonghua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBased on a limited number of studies, a random urine protein‐creatinine ratio (uPCR) value of ≥ 0.3 indicates abnormal proteinuria in preeclampsia with renal damage. However, current guidelines do not recommend a reasonable diagnostic threshold of uPCR for severe preeclampsia with renal damage. Furthermore, the correlation between the uPCR value and clinical adverse outcomes remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the value of uPCR in the diagnosis of significant proteinuria and to assess its correlation with adverse pregnancy outcomes in preeclampsia characterized by renal damage. In all, 1837 women were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Eventually, 961 women were enrolled under the exclusion criteria. First, the authors found that uPCR and 24‐hour proteinuria showed a significant association (r = 0.901). The optimal threshold of uPCR for diagnosing preeclampsia was 0.295, and for diagnosing severe preeclampsia the cut‐off was 0.625. Meanwhile, the adjusted odds ratio per 1 unit increase in ln (uPCR) was 1.679 (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.142–2.469) for severe adverse perinatal outcomes; 1.456 (95% CI: 1.242–1.705) for small for gestational age; 1.380 (95% CI: 1.051–1.811) for severe small for gestational age; 1.672 (95% CI: 1.210–2.310) for very early preterm birth; 1.989 (95% CI 1.726–2.293) for severe hypertension; and 2.279 (95% CI 1.906–2.724) for preterm birth. This study indicated that there was a significant and positive correlation between uPCR and 24‐hour urine protein. For neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes, uPCR is an independent predictor of prognosis.
Improving flash flood risk assessment using a simple approach for extreme rainfall scaling and storms transposition
Authors: Lompi Marco , Caporali Enrica , Mediero Luis , Mazzanti Bernardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFlash flood risk management is among the key topics of the European Flood Directive. Design hydrographs of small river basins could underestimate the hydraulic risk in case of intense and short‐duration events because of the intensification of hourly rainfall and the design rainfall depths uncertainty in often ungauged river basins. The use of synthetic hyetographs obtained from past observed events can be useful for a better evaluation of the flash flood hazard at the river basin scale. For this reason, a simple approach based on rainfall scaling and storms transposition of occurred events is presented to identify areas where design discharges underestimate the flash flood risk. The methodology considers the spatial distribution of the observed storms over a specific zone and the areal reduction factors to scale the observed hyetographs for different river basins extensions. Hyetographs of past observed events are used as input of a hydrological model in a set of river basins located in Northern Tuscany (Italy). The results show how peak discharges of short‐duration events are usually greater than the design floods of the small river basins with an area generally less than 30 km2.
T‐cell activation is associated with high‐grade serous ovarian cancer survival
Authors: Wang Lei , Sun Wenjie , Zhang Guoan , Huo Jingrui , Tian Yi , Zhang Yan , Yang Xiaohui , Liu Yingfu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimHigh‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is an aggressive disease that is largely resistant to today's immunotherapies. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of CTLA4, PD‐1, and T‐cell activation status in HGSOC.MethodsUsing a publicly accessed microarray dataset including 260 HGSOC samples, we calculated Kaplan–Meier survival curves for overall survival (OS), evaluated associations with multivariate Cox regression models to evaluate the associations, and summarized using a hazard ratio (HR). The correlations between PD‐1 gene expression and that of other genes were calculated by Pearson correlation.ResultsMultivariate survival analyses showed that high PD‐1 expression but not CTLA4 was associated with longer OS (HR = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–0.91; p = 0.01), and that higher T‐cell activation score was associated with better outcome (HR = 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58–0.95; p = 0.02). The top three PD‐1 highly correlated genes were SIRPG (r = 0.90, p < 2E‐16), FASL (r = 0.89, p < 2E‐16), and CD8a (r = 0.87, p < 2E‐16). HGSOC patients' OS is positively associated T‐cell activation score and PD‐1 expression but not CTLA4.ConclusionT cell activation score may serve as a candidate for personalized immunotherapy in HGSOC. The application of anti‐PD‐1 therapy to HGSOC should be cautious.
Better to be optimistic, mindful, or both? The interaction between optimism, mindfulness, and task engagement
Authors: Bunjak Aldijana , Hafenbrack Andrew C. , Černe Matej , Arendt Johannes F. W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationships between optimism, mindfulness, and task engagement. Specifically, we hypothesized that optimism, mindfulness, and their interaction would facilitate individuals’ task engagement. We tested our research model in four studies: two surveys among gig workers and two experiments. The results of the two surveys among gig workers indicated that optimism predicted higher task engagement, but trait mindfulness did not, and that a multiplicative interaction existed between high optimism and high mindfulness in stimulating task engagement. Our two experiments confirmed a significant interaction between optimism and induced state mindfulness and showed that the most engaging situation is being high in both mindfulness and optimism. Although optimism predicted task engagement, the experiments indicated that the effect of the state mindfulness manipulation was above and beyond that of optimism. Finally, we discuss the nuances of the interaction between optimism and mindfulness in predicting task engagement.
Hydrazone analogues with promising antibacterial profiles: Synthesis, morphology, in vitro and in silico approaches
Authors: Nabizadeh M. , Naimi-Jamal M.R. , Rohani M. , Azerang P. , Tahghighi A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe emergence of resistance to antibacterial drugs remains an important global threat that necessitates an urgent need for the discovery of alternative drugs. This study was undertaken to synthesize some novel nitroaryl/heteroaryl hydrazone derivatives as potential antibacterial agents. After synthesizing by a simple reaction between quinoline/quinazoline hydrazine and nitroaryl/heteroaryl aldehydes, all the compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities, cytotoxicity and in silico investigations. The compound, 2-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-1-(quinazolin-4-yl)hydrazine (1b), displayed significant antimicrobial activity against several susceptible and resistant bacteria without any cytotoxicity. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the complete destruction of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli following exposure to this compound after 2 h exposure. The in silico studies confirmed the better binding energy of these compounds in comparison with the reference drugs in complex with topoisomerase IV and bacterial ribosomal receptor. Compound 1b can be considered a promising lead compound for the development of broad-spectrum antibacterial medications after further studies.
Control of pathogenic fungi on Panax notoginseng by volatile oils from the food ingredients Allium sativum and Foeniculum vulgare
Authors: Li Tian-Tian , Yang Jing , Huo Ying-Ying , Zeng Zi-Ying , Huang Heng-Yu , Xu Fu-Rong , Dong Xian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To screen natural drugs with strong inhibitory effects against pathogenic fungi related to P. notoginseng, the antifungal activities of garlic and fennel EOs were studied by targeting P. notoginseng disease-associated fungi, and the possible action mechanisms of garlic and fennel EOs as plant fungicides were preliminarily discussed. At present, the antifungal mechanism of EOs has not been fully established. Therefore, understanding the antifungal mechanism of plant EOs is helpful to address P. notoginseng diseases continuous cropping disease-related obstacles and other agricultural cultivation problems. First, the Oxford cup method and chessboard were used to confirm that the EOs and oxamyl had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. F. oxysporum is the main pathogen causing root rot of P. notoginseng and the preliminary study on the antifungal mechanisms of the EOs against F. oxysporum showed that the inhibition of EOs mainly affects cell membrane permeability and cell processes and affects the enzyme activities of micro-organism, to achieve antifungal effects. Finally, an in vivo model verified that both two EOs could significantly inhibit the occurrence of root rot caused by F. oxysporum.
Neutrophils and schistosomiasis: a missing piece in pathology
Authors: Sanches Rodrigo C. O. , Mambelli Fábio , Oliveira Sergio C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSchistosomiasis is a chronic human parasitic disease that causes serious health problems worldwide. The disease‐associated liver pathology is one of the hallmarks of infections by Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum, and is accountable for the debilitating condition found in infected patients. In the past few years, investigative studies have highlighted the key role played by neutrophils and the influence of inflammasome signalling pathway in different pathological conditions. However, it is noteworthy that the study of inflammasome activation in neutrophils has been overlooked by reports concerning macrophages and monocytes. This interplay between neutrophils and inflammasomes is much more poorly investigated during schistosomiasis. Herein, we reviewed the role of neutrophils during schistosomiasis and addressed the potential connection between these cells and inflammasome activation in this context.
Online Detection of Turning Tool Wear Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Dong Xinfeng , Li Yongsheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To identify the tool wear in real time, this article builds the online detection system and proposes an integrated image processing method to measure the wear width for flank face of turning tool. First, the images of flank face wear are collected by the image acquisition system. Second, the collected images are cropped near the flank face wear, and the wear area and background for the cropped images are separated by k-means clustering algorithm. Then, the wear edge is identified by the grayscale transformation and edge detection algorithm, and the wear width is calculated by Hough transformation. Finally, the cutting experiment is carried out on MAG HTC200 CNC lathe to verify the validity of the proposed method, and the results show that the identified wear width by the proposed method and actual measured wear width for flank face of turning tool are in good agreement and show the proposed method is effective and have micron scale calculation accuracy.