bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-inflammatory Polyp Burden as a Prognostic Marker of Disease-outcome in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ellul Pierre , Schembri John , Vella Baldacchino Andrea , Molnár Tamas , Resal Tamas , Allocca Mariangela , Furfaro Federica , Dal Buono Arianna , Theodoropoulou Angeliki , Fragaki Maria , Tsoukali Emmanouela , Mantzaris Gerassimos J , Phillips Frank M , Radford Shellie , Moran Gordon , Gonzalez Haidee , Sebastian Shaji , Fousekis Fotios , Christodoulou Dimitrios , Snir Ifat , Lerner Zlata , Yanai Henit , Michalopoulos Georgios , Tua Julia , Camilleri Liberato , Papamichael Kostas , Karmiris Konstantinos , Katsanos Konstantinos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Post-inflammatory polyps [PIPs] are considered as indicators of previous episodes of severe inflammation and mucosal ulceration. Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], namely Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC], exhibit a perpetuating, relapsing and remitting pattern, and PIPs are a frequent sequela of chronicity. The aim of this study was to determine whether a high PIP burden is associated with a more severe disease course in patients with IBD.

Methods
This was a multinational, multicentre, retrospective study. IBD patients previously diagnosed with PIPs were retrieved from the endoscopic database of each centre. PIP burden was evaluated and associated with demographic and clinical data as well as factors indicating a more unfavourable disease course.

Results
A total of 504 IBD patients with PIPs were recruited [male: 61.9%]. The mean age at IBD diagnosis was 36.9 [±16.8] years. Most patients [74.8%] were diagnosed with UC. A high PIP burden was present in 53.4% of patients. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, a high PIP burden was independently associated with treatment escalation (hazard ratio [HR] 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.75; p = 0.024), hospitalization [HR 1.90; 95% CI 1.24–2.90; p = 0.003], need for surgery [HR 2.28; 95% CI 1.17–4.44, p = 0.02] and younger age at diagnosis [HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–0.99; p = 0.003].

Conclusion
PIP burden was associated with a more severe outcome. Future prospective studies should focus on the characterization of PIP burden as to further risk stratify this patient cohort.
Remote dielectric sensing to detect acute heart failure in patients with dyspnoea: a prospective observational study in the emergency department
Authors: Olesen Anne Sophie Overgaard , Miger Kristina , Fabricius-Bjerre Andreas , Sandvang Kathrine Dyrsting , Kjesbu Ingunn Eklo , Sajadieh Ahmad , Høst Nis , Køber Nana , Wamberg Jesper , Pedersen Lars , Schultz Hans Henrik Lawaetz , Abild-Nielsen Annemette Geilager , Wille Mathilde Marie Winkler , Nielsen Olav Wendelboe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsRemote dielectric sensing (ReDS) enables quick estimation of lung fluid content. To examine if ReDS is superior to other methods in detecting acute heart failure.Methods and resultsWe included consecutive patients with dyspnoea from the emergency departments at Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, and performed ReDS, low-dose chest computed tomography (CT), echocardiogram, lung ultrasound, NT-Pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and a Boston score evaluation (chest X-ray and clinical signs). ReDS values &gt;35% were used as a cut-off to diagnose pulmonary congestion. Acute heart failure was adjudicated by experts’ review of health records but independently of ReDS values. Sub-analyses investigated ReDS in acute heart failure patients with congestion on CT. We included 97 patients within a median of 4.8 h from admittance: 25 patients (26%) were ReDS-positive and 39 (40%) had adjudicated acute heart failure (21 with and 18 without CT congestion). Heart failure patients had median ReDS 33%, left ventricular ejection fraction 48%, and NT-proBNP 2935 ng/L. A positive ReDS detected heart failure with 46% sensitivity, 88% specificity, and 71% accuracy. The AUC for ReDS was like the Boston score (P = 0.88) and the lung ultrasound score (P = 0.74). CT-congested heart failure patients had higher ReDS values than patients without heart failure (median 38 vs. 28%, P &lt; 0.001). Heart failure patients without CT-congestion had ReDS values like patients without heart failure (mean 30 vs. 28%, P = 0.07).ConclusionReDS detects acute heart failure similarly to the Boston score and lung ultrasound score, and ReDS primarily identifies the acute heart failure patients who have congestion on a chest CT.
Effect of all-but-one conditional analysis for eQTL isolation in peripheral blood
Authors: Brown Margaret , Greenwood Emily , Zeng Biao , Powell Joseph E , Gibson Greg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Expression quantitative trait locus detection has become increasingly important for understanding how noncoding variants contribute to disease susceptibility and complex traits. The major challenges in expression quantitative trait locus fine-mapping and causal variant discovery relate to the impact of linkage disequilibrium on signals due to one or multiple functional variants that lie within a credible set. We perform expression quantitative trait locus fine-mapping using the all-but-one approach, conditioning each signal on all others detected in an interval, on the Consortium for the Architecture of Gene Expression cohorts of microarray-based peripheral blood gene expression in 2,138 European-ancestry human adults. We contrast these results with traditional forward stepwise conditional analysis and a Bayesian localization method. All-but-one conditioning significantly modifies effect-size estimates for 51% of 2,351 expression quantitative trait locus peaks, but only modestly affects credible set size and location. On the other hand, both conditioning approaches result in unexpectedly low overlap with Bayesian credible sets, with just 57% peak concordance and between 50% and 70% SNP sharing, leading us to caution against the assumption that any one localization method is superior to another. We also cross reference our results with ATAC-seq data, cell-type-specific expression quantitative trait locus, and activity-by-contact-enhancers, leading to the proposal of a 5-tier approach to further reduce credible set sizes and prioritize likely causal variants for all known inflammatory bowel disease risk loci active in immune cells.
Expanded FLP toolbox for spatiotemporal protein degradation and transcriptomic profiling in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Fragoso-Luna Adrián , Romero-Bueno Raquel , Eibl Michael , Ayuso Cristina , Muñoz-Jiménez Celia , Benes Vladimir , Cases Ildefonso , Askjaer Peter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Control of gene expression in specific tissues and/or at certain stages of development allows the study and manipulation of gene function with high precision. Site-specific genome recombination by the flippase (FLP) and cyclization recombination (Cre) enzymes has proved particularly relevant. Joint efforts of many research groups have led to the creation of efficient FLP and Cre drivers to regulate gene expression in a variety of tissues in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we extend this toolkit by the addition of FLP lines that drive recombination specifically in distal tip cells, the somatic gonad, coelomocytes, and the epithelial P lineage. In some cases, recombination-mediated gene knockouts do not completely deplete protein levels due to persistence of long-lived proteins. To overcome this, we developed a spatiotemporally regulated degradation system for green fluorescent fusion proteins based on FLP-mediated recombination. Using 2 stable nuclear pore proteins, MEL-28/ELYS and NPP-2/NUP85 as examples, we report the benefit of combining tissue-specific gene knockout and protein degradation to achieve complete protein depletion. We also demonstrate that FLP-mediated recombination can be utilized to identify transcriptomes in a C. elegans tissue of interest. We have adapted RNA polymerase DamID for the FLP toolbox and by focusing on a well-characterized tissue, the hypodermis, we show that the vast majority of genes identified by RNA polymerase DamID are known to be expressed in this tissue. These tools allow combining FLP activity for simultaneous gene inactivation and transcriptomic profiling, thus enabling the inquiry of gene function in various complex biological processes.
Life-Course Trajectories of Risk-Taking Propensity: A Coordinated Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Liu Yunrui , Bagaïni Alexandra , Son Gayoung , Kapoor Madlaina , Mata Rui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesHow does risk preference change across the life span? We address this question by conducting a coordinated analysis to obtain the first meta-analytic estimates of adult longitudinal age differences in risk-taking propensity in different domains.MethodsWe report results from 26 longitudinal samples (12 panels; 187,733 unique respondents; 19 countries) covering general and domain-specific risk-taking propensity (financial, driving, recreational, occupational, health) across 3 or more waves.ResultsResults revealed a negative relation between age and both general and domain-specific risk-taking propensity. Furthermore, females consistently reported lower levels of risk taking across the life span than males in all domains, but there is little support for the idea of an age by gender interaction. Although we found evidence of systematic and universal age differences, we also detected considerable heterogeneity across domains and samples.DiscussionOur work suggests a need to understand the nature of heterogeneity of age differences in risk-taking propensity and recommends the use of domain-specific and population estimates for applications interested in modeling heterogeneity in risk preference for economic and policy-making purposes.
Mandated Caregiver Training in the Veterans Health Administration: Caregiver Inquiry Informs National Dissemination
Authors: Sperber Nina R , Boucher Nathan , Hughes Jaime M , Bruening Rebecca , Zullig Leah L , Decosimo Kasey , Tucker Matthew , Christensen Leah A , Allen Kelli D , Hastings Susan N , Van Houtven Courtney H 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA minority of family caregivers receive training, with implications for their own and their recipient’s outcomes. Federal policy has supported the implementation and expansion of caregiver training and support. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a national Caregiver Support Program and collaborated with VA health services researchers to explore caregivers’ acceptance of an evidence-based training program in preparation for system-wide dissemination.Research Design and MethodsThis approach entailed a convergent mixed-methods design, which involved separate analyses of quantitative and qualitative data. Survey questions based on the Kirkpatrick model for training evaluation measured caregivers’ reaction and learning, and interview questions elicited caregivers’ reports about the value of the program for them.ResultsMost caregivers reported satisfaction with the training when responding to survey questions, although qualitative interviews revealed caveats suggesting need to hone the best timing and specific group of caregivers for maximal benefit.Discussion and ImplicationsOur findings indicate that understanding program–user fit may be particularly critical when implementing training for caregivers as they come to the program at different points along their caregiving journey, needing differing types and intensities of support. While a general program may appeal to policymakers aiming to scale caregiver training within a large, heterogeneous system, there may be shortcomings in terms of end-user acceptance and subsequent downstream outcomes such as reach and ultimately program effectiveness. Good, iterative communication flow between program developers and policymakers facilitates this understanding and, in turn, decisions about scaling.
Transcription factor FoxM1 promotes cyst growth in PKD1 mutant ADPKD
Authors: Yu Wenyan , Wang Guojuan , Li Linda Xiaoyan , Zhang Hongbing , Gui Xuehong , Zhou Julie Xia , Calvet James P , Li Xiaogang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is driven by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, and it is characterized by renal cyst formation, inflammation and fibrosis. Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), a transcription factor of the Forkhead box (Fox) protein super family, has been reported to promote tumor formation, inflammation and fibrosis in many organs. However, the role and mechanism of FoxM1 in regulation of ADPKD progression is still poorly understood. Here, we show that FoxM1 is an important regulator of cyst growth in ADPKD. FoxM1 is upregulated in cyst-lining epithelial cells in Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys and human ADPKD kidneys. FoxM1 promotes cystic renal epithelial cell proliferation by increasing the expression of Akt and Stat3 and the activation of ERK and Rb. FoxM1 also regulates cystic renal epithelial cell apoptosis through NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, FoxM1 regulates the recruitment and retention of macrophages in Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys, a process that is associated with FoxM1-mediated upregulation of monocyte chemotactic protein 1. Targeting FoxM1 with its specific inhibitor, FDI-6, delays cyst growth in rapidly progressing and slowly progressing Pkd1 mutant mouse kidneys. This study suggests that FoxM1 is a central and upstream regulator of ADPKD pathogenesis and provides a rationale for targeting FoxM1 as a therapeutic strategy for ADPKD treatment.
Numerical methods and hypoexponential approximations for gamma distributed delay differential equations
Authors: Cassidy Tyler , Gillich Peter , Humphries Antony R , van Dorp Christiaan H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gamma distributed delay differential equations (DDEs) arise naturally in many modelling applications. However, appropriate numerical methods for generic gamma distributed DDEs have not previously been implemented. Modellers have therefore resorted to approximating the gamma distribution with an Erlang distribution and using the linear chain technique to derive an equivalent system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this work, we address the lack of appropriate numerical tools for gamma distributed DDEs in two ways. First, we develop a functional continuous Runge–Kutta (FCRK) method to numerically integrate the gamma distributed DDE without resorting to Erlang approximation. We prove the fourth-order convergence of the FCRK method and perform numerical tests to demonstrate the accuracy of the new numerical method. Nevertheless, FCRK methods for infinite delay DDEs are not widely available in existing scientific software packages. As an alternative approach to solving gamma distributed DDEs, we also derive a hypoexponential approximation of the gamma distributed DDE. This hypoexponential approach is a more accurate approximation of the true gamma distributed DDE than the common Erlang approximation but, like the Erlang approximation, can be formulated as a system of ODEs and solved numerically using standard ODE software. Using our FCRK method to provide reference solutions, we show that the common Erlang approximation may produce solutions that are qualitatively different from the underlying gamma distributed DDE. However, the proposed hypoexponential approximations do not have this limitation. Finally, we apply our hypoexponential approximations to perform statistical inference on synthetic epidemiological data to illustrate the utility of the hypoexponential approximation.
Matroid Stratifications of Hypergraph Varieties, Their Realization Spaces, and Discrete Conditional Independence Models
Authors: Clarke Oliver , Grace Kevin , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Motwani Harshit J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study varieties associated to hypergraphs from the point of view of projective geometry and matroid theory. We describe their decompositions into matroid varieties, which may be reducible and can have arbitrary singularities by the Mnëv–Sturmfels universality theorem. We focus on various families of hypergraph varieties for which we explicitly compute an irredundant irreducible decomposition. Our main findings in this direction are three-fold: (1) we describe minimal matroids of such hypergraphs; (2) we prove that the varieties of these matroids are irreducible and their union is the hypergraph variety; and (3) we show that every such matroid is realizable over real numbers. As corollaries, we give conceptual decompositions of various, previously studied, varieties associated with graphs, hypergraphs, and adjacent minors of generic matrices. In particular, our decomposition strategy gives immediate matroid interpretations of the irreducible components of multiple families of varieties associated to conditional independence models in statistical theory and unravels their symmetric structures which hugely simplifies the computations.
Time Zero Regularity of Ricci Flow
Authors: Lee Man-Chun , Topping Peter M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We consider the problem of when a smooth Ricci flow, for positive time, that attains smooth initial data in a weak sense must be smooth down to the initial time. We obtain curvature estimates for an example where this fails that was given in [26]. We prove a positive result in the case that the flow satisfies a lower ${ {\textrm {K}_{\textrm {IC}_1}}}$ curvature bound, equivalent to a lower Ricci bound in three dimensions. As an application, we prove that Gromov–Hausdorff limits of WPIC1 manifolds are WPIC1.
Manufacture, development, and application of sensor-enabled geosynthetics: state-of-the-art review
Authors: Wang Yilin , Cui Xinzhuang , Liu Kaiwen , Jiang Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The long-term in situ monitoring of transportation infrastructure is a key necessity for intelligent traffic management, which requires the monitoring methods to have good performances on the distributed measurements, durability, robustness, and convenience. To offer an alternative for intelligent monitoring of transportation infrastructures, this paper introduces the development and application of an innovative material named sensor-enabled geosynthetics (SEG) derived from the tensoresistivity of conductive polymers. Unlike other monitoring media, the unique feature of the SEG is its two-fold function: in situ reinforcement and monitoring. The manufacturing process of SEG is introduced and the basic properties of SEG are investigated by laboratory tests. The corresponding constitutive models are established and employed in the theoretical analysis of SEG interacting with soil. Based on the experimental and theoretical approaches, a positioning, precursor identification and early warning method for the internal failure of subgrade is proposed and incorporated into the safety monitoring and early warning system for geotechnical engineering involving SEG. According to the application cases of SEG and the system in highway engineering, SEG is proved to perform excellently in terms of the durability, distributed measurements, wide measuring range, and negligible installation effect. Thus, it is considered as an innovative and reliable alternative for long-term in situ monitoring of transportation infrastructures particularly in subgrade engineering.
The Genre View of Public Lands: The Case of National Monuments
Authors: Tenen Levi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, I begin developing what I call the genre view of public lands. It holds that public land designations fall into different genres of land management. I focus on one designation in particular—US national monuments created under the Antiquities Act—to develop the view and illustrate its significance. I characterize the national monument genre in terms of two norms stated in the Act and show how they shape public space in distinctive ways. I then illustrate how the genre view opens avenues for evaluating land designations. By way of example, I evaluate national monuments according to aesthetic considerations. I argue that the genre is, perhaps surprisingly, aesthetically vexed and that there is an aesthetic reason for presidents to depart from the original intent and meaning of the Act. This also lends support for some of the most controversial national monuments. Drawing from case law, I then show how aesthetic evaluations may hold legal weight. Such considerations can also influence decisions about whether to protect an area as a monument. In these ways, the genre view offers a framework for philosophers, and particularly aestheticians, to contribute to environmental law and policy.
A preliminary study on the potential of FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometrics for tracing the geographical origin of Moroccan virgin olive oils
Authors: Laouni Amine , El Orche Aimen , Elhamdaoui Omar , Karrouchi Khalid , El Karbane Miloud , Bouatia Mustapha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
This study aims on the one hand to study the physicochemical data of olive oils collected from six regions of Morocco during two consecutive years 2020 and 2021.

Methods
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used in this study as an emerging analytical technique to express a unique "fingerprint". A preliminary processing of the ATR-FTIR spectral data was performed by preprocessing algorithm in order to reduce the noise, the effect of signal variation and minimize the effects of light scattering to extract the maximum analytical information from the spectra. A multivariate statistical procedure based on principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) as well as partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were developed to provide a powerful classification approach.

Results
Based on principal component analysis (PCA), six clusters were identified. The application of PCA-LDA and PLS-DA procedures demonstrate a powerful capacity in predicting the geographic origin of olive oils, this capacity is showed by the high value of CCR varying between 84.09% and 100%.

Conclusion
The suggested procedure has given reliable results for the classification of olive oils according to their geographical origin, with advantages such as being fast, inexpensive and not requiring any prior separation process.

Highlight
The performance of this approach is significantly faster and possesses a higher degree of selectivity and sensitivity. The Implementation of this technique for routine analysis of olive oil would save significant time, resources and solvents.