bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pragmatist Feminist Utopias: Gilman, Mead, and the Problem of Choice
Authors: Hernandez Aleksandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on the pragmatist feminist theories of social reformer Charlotte Perkins Gilman and cultural anthropologist Margaret Mead. It begins by delineating Gilman's understanding of how the material-cultural environment affects the lives of women. Believing the American way of life to be too individualistic, Gilman developed a theory of social change aimed at generating more collectivist ways of living and promoting the economic independence of women. To achieve these ends, Gilman advocated for the reconstruction of the Victorian nursery, which she believed would afford women the choice to pursue a professional career outside of the home, and promote the health of the community. Gilman's social theory is contrasted with that of Margaret Mead, who believed that plans for social reform are best left to readers. Rather than advocate for the adoption of an entirely new cultural practice, Mead sought to acquaint her culturally diverse American readership with the Samoan way of life, so that they might collectively decide how to best address the problem of choice facing young women in the 1920s.
Open Casket and the Art World: A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Tullmann Katie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn 2017, the artist Dana Schutz presented her painting, Open Casket, at the Whitney Biennial. Both the painting and the painter were subsequently subjected to criticism from the art world. A central critique was that Schutz usurped the story of Emmett Till (the subject of Open Casket) and that, as a white woman, she had no right to do so. Much can—and has—been said on the appropriateness of Schutz's painting. In this article, I argue that Open Casket is a site of oppression, an object that both reflects and reinforces dominant racial hierarchies. Specifically, I argue that Open Casket is a case of what Linda Alcoff calls “the problem of speaking for others”: when a member of a privileged social group speaks on the social experiences of an oppressed group, effectively silencing that group. I explore the moral and epistemic implications of Open Casket and related works and provide some reasons to think that socially privileged persons should not depict the experiences of socially oppressed persons—at least in many cases. I conclude by presenting some conditions under which it may be appropriate for privileged artists to speak for oppressed groups.
Evaluation of fidaxomicin use in community hospitals after a clinical guideline change at a large health system and opportunities for stewardship
Authors: Khadem Tina M. , Nguyen M. Hong , Bariola J. Ryan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAfter updating our health system’s Clostridioides difficile treatment protocols in 2018, we reviewed 104 unique hospital encounters involving fidaxomicin at 10 community hospitals. Half (50%) of regimens were adherent to our guidelines, with infectious diseases (ID) providers were frequently nonadherent. Antimicrobial stewardship programs are important for facilitating best practices, even among ID specialists.
Association between prevalence of laboratory-identified Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and antibiotic treatment for CDI in US acute-care hospitals, 2019
Authors: Xu Kerui , Wu Hsiu , Li Qunna , Edwards Jonathan R. , O’Leary Erin N. , Leaptrot Denise , Benin Andrea L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjective:To evaluate hospital-level variation in using first-line antibiotics for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) based on the burden of laboratory-identified (LabID) CDI.Methods:Using data on hospital-level LabID CDI events and antimicrobial use (AU) for CDI (oral/rectal vancomycin or fidaxomicin) submitted to the National Healthcare Safety Network in 2019, we assessed the association between hospital-level CDI prevalence (per 100 patient admissions) and rate of CDI AU (days of therapy per 1,000 days present) to generate a predicted value of AU based on CDI prevalence and CDI test type using negative binomial regression. The ratio of the observed to predicted AU was then used to identify hospitals with extreme discordance between CDI prevalence and CDI AU, defined as hospitals with a ratio outside of the intervigintile range.Results:Among 963 acute-care hospitals, rate of CDI prevalence demonstrated a positive dose–response relationship with rate of CDI AU. Compared with hospitals without extreme discordance (n = 902), hospitals with lower-than-expected CDI AU (n = 31) had, on average, fewer beds (median, 106 vs 208), shorter length of stay (median, 3.8 vs 4.2 days), and higher proportion of undergraduate or nonteaching medical school affiliation (48% vs 39%). Hospitals with higher-than-expected CDI AU (n = 30) were similar overall to hospitals without extreme discordance.Conclusions:The prevalence rate of LabID CDI had a significant dose–response association with first-line antibiotics for treating CDI. We identified hospitals with extreme discordance between CDI prevalence and CDI AU, highlighting potential opportunities for data validation and improvements in diagnostic and treatment practices for CDI.
Populism and Italy: a theoretical and epistemological conundrum
Authors: Maccaferri Marzia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConsidered by many scholars to be principally a catch-all or a useless concept, populism has rarely gone hand-in-hand with historical reflection. Building upon ‘the need to return populism to history’, this article offers an overview of the reasons why populism as a concept and as a potential sequence of historical events seems to fit well in post-Second World War Italy, and aims to suggest areas for further research. At the intersection between conceptual history, democratic theory and discourse-historical analysis, the article explores the continuities and discontinuities of Italian populisms, focusing on the resemioticisation of the concept of civil society and its legacy within historical Italian Fascism, especially during the transition to the so-called Second Republic.
COUNTING HECKE EIGENFORMS WITH NONVANISHING -VALUE
Authors: MANICKAM M. , MURTY V. KUMAR , SANDEEP E. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe develop some asymptotics for a kernel function introduced by Kohnen and use them to estimate the number of normalised Hecke eigenforms in
$S_k(\Gamma _0(1))$
whose L-values are simultaneously nonvanishing at a given pair of points each of which lies inside the critical strip.
A GENERALISATION OF A THEOREM OF ERDŐS AND NIVEN
Authors: JIANG XIAO , HONG SHAOFANG 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn 1946, Erdős and Niven proved that no two partial sums of the harmonic series can be equal. We present a generalisation of the Erdős–Niven theorem by showing that no two partial sums of the series
$\sum _{k=0}^\infty {1}/{(a+bk)}$
can be equal, where a and b are positive integers. The proof of our result uses analytic and p-adic methods.
ABELIAN DIFFERENCE SETS AS LATTICE COVERINGS AND LATTICE TILINGS
Authors: KOVAČEVIĆ MLADEN 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate that every difference set in a finite Abelian group is equivalent to a certain ‘regular’ covering of the lattice
$ A_n = \{ \boldsymbol {x} \in \mathbb {Z} ^{n+1} : \sum _{i} x_i = 0 \} $
with balls of radius
$ 2 $
under the
$ \ell _1 $
metric (or, equivalently, a covering of the integer lattice
$ \mathbb {Z} ^n $
with balls of radius
$ 1 $
under a slightly different metric). For planar difference sets, the covering is also a packing, and therefore a tiling, of
$ A_n $
. This observation leads to a geometric reformulation of the prime power conjecture and of other statements involving Abelian difference sets.
Effects of an alternative host on the prevalence and intensity of infection of a bumble bee parasite
Authors: Pinilla-Gallego Mario S. , Irwin Rebecca E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSeveral bee parasites are transmitted through flowers, and some of them can infect multiple host species. Given the shared use of flowers by bee species, parasites can potentially encounter multiple host species, which could affect the evolution of parasite virulence. We used the trypanosomatid parasite Crithidia bombi and its host, the common eastern bumble bee (Bombus impatiens), to explore the effect of infecting an alternative host, the alfalfa leaf-cutter bee (Megachile rotundata), on parasite infectivity and ability to replicate. We conducted a serial passage experiment on primary and alternative hosts, assessing infectivity and intensity of infection during five passes. Parasite cells from each pass through the alternative host were also used to infect a group of primary hosts. We found that serial passes through the alternative host increased infectivity, but there was no effect on intensity of infection. Interestingly, both the probability and intensity of infection on the primary host increased after serial passage through the alternative host. This increase in intensity of infection could be due to maladaptation after selection of new C. bombi strains has occurred in the alternative host. This study suggests that host switching has the potential to affect the adaptation of bee parasites to their hosts.
Population migration in the supporting regions of the Russian Arctic to improve international competitiveness of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Shaparov A. E. , Sokolova F. K. , Magomedov A. K. , Bhagwat J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Russian Arctic regions have a significant geographical, historical, and economic connection with the Northern Sea Route (NSR); the successful implementation of Russia’s geo-political and geo-economic strategies in the Arctic is mainly dependent upon the socio-economic situation in these regions. Population migration is a determinant of the current and future labour potential of the supporting regions; compared to natural growth, it has been a key driver of population and an indicator of the quality of human resources. The research herein considered the factors and impacts of migration on the quality of human resources in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). Russian population census data for 2002 and 2010, and statistical materials were analysed by age and migrant education to characterise the quality of human resources. To identify the causes of migration, the quantitative data analyses were supplemented with results from sociological studies and expert assessments. An index methodology was used to compare the quality of life and human capital development of the Arctic regions. Accordingly, most of the analysed Arctic regions showed high indicators of human development, which were higher than the national average in education, but significantly lower in longevity. Further, most of the Arctic regions occupied lower positions in Russian regional quality of life. It was concluded that the AZRF regions hold high quality of human capital; however, since high-quality living conditions are lacking, they serve as donors of human capital to other parts of the country. These regions would require external labour resources in the near future due to the planned large-scale projects for the development of the NSR, concurrent reduction and ageing of labour resources, and demand changes in the labour market. The government’s socio-economic policies would determine the scale, dynamics, and direction of migration, as well as their impact on the demographics and labour potential of the supporting regions of the NSR.
Local interaction and navigation guidance for hunters drones: a chase behavior approach with real-time tests
Authors: de Souza C. , Castillo P. , Vidolov B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA behavioral-based strategy for cooperative hunting using drones is proposed in this paper. In this decentralized scheme, each drone acts as an individual agent computing its guidance strategy toward the target based on the relative position of its neighbors without the use of direct communication. The algorithm is based on the deviated pure pursuit methodology, and the emerged behavior mimics a natural hunting formation. Simulations and real-time experiments with varying conditions were carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed hunting scheme. Videos of the system in action can be seen on: https://youtu.be/g2dODbd6ZLA.
Contextualizing /s/ retraction: Sibilant variation and change in Washington D.C. African American Language
Authors: Gunter Kaylynn , Vaughn Charlotte , Kendall Tyler 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent work has demonstrated an ongoing change across varieties of English in which /s/ retracts before consonants, particularly before /tɹ/ clusters (e.g., Lawrence, 2000; Shapiro, 1995; Stuart-Smith et al., 2019). Much of this work has focused on the social and linguistic distributions of /stɹ/ within single communities, without an examination of the broader sibilant space (e.g., /s/ and /ʃ/). Meanwhile, analyses across multiple corpora have shown that /s/ and /ʃ/ also show within-community variability, beyond /stɹ/ contexts (Stuart-Smith et al., 2019, 2020). Intersecting these approaches, this paper explores sibilant variation and change across /stɹ/, /s/, and /ʃ/ using a corpus of Washington D.C. African American Language (AAL). Results indicate that /stɹ/-retraction is a stable variant in this variety of AAL and /s/ and /ʃ/ show evidence of socially stratified variation and change. Overall, this paper demonstrates the need to examine the sibilant space more holistically when examining changes in /stɹ/.
Enhancement of Twitter event detection using news streams
Authors: Karimi Samaneh , Shakery Azadeh , Verma Rakesh M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA new framework for improving event detection is proposed that employs joint information in news media content and social networks, such as Twitter, to leverage detailed coverage of news media and the timeliness of social media. Specifically, a short text clustering method is employed to detect events from tweets, then the language model representations of the detected events are expanded using another set of events obtained from news articles published simultaneously. The expanded representations of events are employed as a new initialization of the clustering method to run another iteration and consequently enhance the event detection results. The proposed framework is evaluated using two datasets: a tweet dataset with event labels and a news dataset containing news articles published during the same time interval as the tweets. Experimental results show that the proposed framework improves the event detection results in terms of F1 measure compared to the results obtained from tweets only.
Disclosure of funding sources and conflicts of interest in evidence underpinning vitamin D and calcium recommendations in bone health guidelines
Authors: Baram Liora , Dai Zhaoli , McDonald Sally , Bero Lisa A 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjective:The present study aims to examine the relationship between study funding sources, author conflicts of interest (COI) and conclusions in studies supporting vitamin D and Ca intake cited in bone health guideline recommendations.Design:Cross-sectionalSetting:Forty-seven global bone health guidelines with vitamin D and/or Ca recommendations for adults aged 40 years and above.Participants:The evidence cited to support the recommendations was extracted by two independent reviewers and classified by type of recommendation, article characteristics, study design, types of funding sources and conflict of interest (COI) disclosure and direction of study conclusions.Results:Of 156 articles cited to support the bone health recommendations, 120 (77 %) disclosed a funding source, and 43 (28 %) declared that at least one author had a COI. Compared with articles with non-commercial or no funding source, those funded by commercial sponsors tended to have a study conclusion favourable towards vitamin D/Ca (relative risk (95 % CI): 1·32 (0·94, 1·87), P = 0·16), but the association was not statistically significant (Fisher’s exact test). Compared to those with a COI disclosure statement, articles with missing or unclear COI disclosure were more likely to have favourable conclusions (1·56 (1·05, 2·31), P = 0·017) (Fisher’s exact test).Conclusion:In the evidence underpinning a sample of global bone health guidelines, COI disclosure was low and studies with missing or unclear COI disclosures were more likely to have favourable study conclusions than those with disclosures, suggesting a need for greater transparency of COI in bone health guidelines.
How is Religious Experience Possible? On the (Quasi-Transcendental) Mode of Argument in Kant’s Religion
Authors: Palmquist Stephen R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractKant’s general mode of argument in Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason, especially his defence of human nature’s propensity to evil, is a matter of considerable controversy: while some interpret his argument as strictly a priori, others interpret it as anthropological. In dialogue with Allen Wood’s recent work, I defend my earlier claim that Religion employs a quasi-transcendental mode of argument, focused on the possibility of a specific type of experience, not experience in general. In Religion, Kant portrays religious experience as possible only for beings with a good predisposition and a propensity to evil. Kant’s theory of the archetype and his theory of symbolism illustrate the same mode of argument. Taking Religion as a sequel to the third Critique more than the second, my perspectival interpretation makes room for a robust view of unsociable sociability without the absurd deception of regarding it as the source of human evil.
In vivo haploid induction potential of Himalayan maize (Zea mays) and cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) gene pools in different segregational cycles of intra and inter-generic crosses of wheat
Authors: Kapoor Chandan , Chaudhary Harinder Kumar , Sharma Parul , Relan Ashima , Manoj N. V. , Singh Kritika , Sood Vinod Kumar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMaize and Imperata cylindrica have been utilized globally as a pollen source for induction of haploids in wheat through chromosome elimination technique. Pollen parents with a higher haploid induction rate are desired for recovering the high frequency of haploids in wheat and related species. The present investigation was carried out with the aim to assess haploid induction efficiency of diverse germplasm of maize and I. cylindrica in different generations of intra and intergeneric crosses of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat and triticale-wheat derivatives. Crosses of twenty-six lines (female) with each of two I. cylindrica and twenty-one maize genotypes (testers) were evaluated for four haploid induction parameters viz., pseudoseed formation frequency (PFF), embryo formation frequency (EFF), haploid regeneration frequency (HRF) and haploid formation frequency (HFF). I. cylindrica outperformed maize in haploid induction rate with a frequency of embryos formed with I. cylindrica (18.39%) were significantly higher as compared to maize (4.08%). In the case of I. cylindrica genotype Ic-ye identified best with mean EFF of 30.55, 14.48 and 25.43% for hexaploids, tetraploids and triticale × wheat derivatives, respectively whereas in the case of maize genotype HPMC-60 performed best with EFF of 12.61% for hexaploids, HPMC-58 (12.58%) for tetraploids and HPMC-16 for triticale × wheat derivatives with EFF of 8.91%. I. cylindrica genotype Ic-ye and maize genotypes HPMC-14, HPMC-53, HPMC-60, HPMC-64 with significantly positive GCA for haploid induction parameters may be utilized as efficient pollen parents for recovering higher frequency of haploids in wheat.
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition delays developmental programming of obesity and metabolic disease in male offspring of obese mothers
Authors: Montaniel Kim Ramil C. , Bucher Matthew , Phillips Elysse A. , Li Cun , Sullivan Elinor L. , Kievit Paul , Rugonyi Sandra , Nathanielsz Peter W. , Maloyan Alina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMaternal obesity programs the offspring to metabolic diseases later in life; however, the mechanisms of programming are yet unclear, and no strategies exist for addressing its detrimental transgenerational effects. Obesity has been linked to dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), an adipokine, and treatment of obese individuals with DPPIV inhibitors has been reported to prevent weight gain and improve metabolism. We hypothesized that DPPIV plays a role in maternal obesity-mediated programming. We measured plasma DPPIV activity in human maternal and cord blood samples from normal-weight and obese mothers at term. We found that maternal obesity increases maternal and cord blood plasma DPPIV activity but only in male offspring. Using two non-human primate models of maternal obesity, we confirmed the activation of DPPIV in the offspring of obese mothers. We then created a mouse model of maternal high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, and found an early-life increase in plasma DPPIV activity in male offspring. Activation of DPPIV preceded the progression of obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in male offspring of HFD-fed mothers. We then administered sitagliptin, DPPIV inhibitor, to regular diet (RD)- and HFD-fed mothers, starting a week prior to breeding and continuing throughout pregnancy and lactation. We found that sitagliptin treatment of HFD-fed mothers delayed the progression of obesity and metabolic diseases in male offspring and had no effects on females. Our findings reveal that maternal obesity dysregulates plasma DPPIV activity in males and provide evidence that maternal inhibition of DPPIV has potential for addressing the transgenerational effects of maternal obesity.
Control of waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) at multiple locations in Illinois with single preemergence applications of VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides
Authors: Strom Seth A. , Jacobs Kip E. , Seiter Nicholas J. , Davis Adam S. , Riechers Dean E. , Hager Aaron G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHerbicides that inhibit very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) have been widely used for preemergence control of annual monocot and small-seeded dicot weed species, such as waterhemp, since their discovery in the 1950s. VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides are often applied in combination with active ingredients that possess residual activity on small-seeded broadleaf weeds, which can make their contribution to preemergence waterhemp control difficult to quantify. Bare-ground field experiments were designed to investigate the efficacy of eight VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides applied at their minimum and maximum labeled rates for control of Illinois waterhemp populations. Four different locations were selected, two of which contained previously characterized VLCFA inhibitor–resistant waterhemp populations in Champaign County (CHR) and McLean County (MCR). Two locations with VLCFA inhibitor–sensitive waterhemp populations included the University of Illinois South Farm in Urbana, IL, and the Orr Research Center in Perry, IL. Soils at the CHR, MCR, and Urbana locations contained greater than 3% organic matter, but less than 3% organic matter at Perry. Non-encapsulated acetochlor and alachlor controlled CHR and MCR waterhemp populations 28 d after treatment (DAT), whereas other VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides resulted in 61% and 76% control of the CHR and MCR populations, respectively. In contrast, all VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides resulted in 81% and 88% control of the Perry and Urbana waterhemp populations, respectively, 28 DAT. Waterhemp control decreased by 42 DAT, especially for the VLCFA inhibitor–resistant CHR and MCR populations. Overall, VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides remain effective for controlling sensitive waterhemp, but most are not effective for controlling VLCFA inhibitor–resistant waterhemp populations. Proper herbicide stewardship and integrated weed management practices should be implemented to maintain VLCFA-inhibiting herbicide efficacy for waterhemp management in the future.