bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation the Association of Facet Tropism in Multisports Athletes with Cervical Disc Hernia
Authors: Eroglu Ali , Eroglu Ahmet 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Facet tropism is defined as the asymmetry between the left and the right facet joints . Facet joints play an important role in the posterior stabilization of the vertebrae through the upper and lower joint faces. Most studies discuss about the relationship with lumbar disc hernia and facet joint angle. However, little is known about the association of facet tropism with disc herniation in the cervical spine in multisports athletes. In our study, We aimed to investigate the relationship between cervical facet tropism and disc hernia in athletes of different branches between the ages of 20-40 from the cervical MR images of the cases.Methods: This is a retrospective study performed on athletes who applied our hospital ; between January 2014-2019 with neck pain and have MR imaging of the cervical spine. Cervical MR images of the patients were evaluated by an experienced radiologist from the hospital system database and archives. 79 cases (52 men and 27 women) were included in the study.Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the facet joint angles of both groups at all levels (p˃0.05). Only left C6_7 disc angles of CDH group were measured as 92.99 ± 10.77 (62-113) and 88.58 ± 7.65 (67-110) for the normal group and this difference was found statistically significant (p = 0.007) . After the weight variable was taken under control, the C6-7 L value of the CDH group was found to be 92,673 and the normal group value was 88,916 (CDH group values ​​without the weight control were 92.99 normal group value 88.58) and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.17).Conclusion: In this study, we did not predict that cervical facet tropism may be a factor associated with cervical disc hernia in young athletes with CDH.
Association of Benzodiazepines With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Clinical Outcomes: a Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Park Hye Yoon , Kwon Junhyun , An Suk Kyoon , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The evidence for the impact of benzodiazepine (BZD) use on infection or clinical outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is limited. We evaluated the association of BZD use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using a nationwide COVID-19 database from South Korea. This nationwide cohort study was performed using the COVID-19 database from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea, and SARS-CoV-2 positivity was investigated according to BZD use. SARS-CoV-2-positive adult patients were assessed in three groups, those who needed hospitalization, those with severe symptoms requiring intensive care, and those who died. A multivariate logistic regression model was used for all the analyses. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was no association between BZD use and SARS-CoV-2 positivity. SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with BZD use showed an increased risk of need for hospitalization from COVID-19 compared to those without BZD use (odds ratio [OR]: 1·33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1·07–1·65). In addition, there was a higher risk for long-term users (OR: 2·64, 95% CI: 1·08–6·47). Chronic BZD use contributed to a higher risk of the need for hospitalization among COVID-19 patients, whereas BZD use did not increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 test positivity, severe outcomes, or mortality.
Effect of The Isotiazole Adjuvants in Combination With Cisplatin in Chemotherapy of Neuroepithelial Tumors: Experimental Results and Modeling
Authors: Potkin Vladimir , Pushkarchuk Aliaxandr , Zamaro Alexandra , Zhou Hongwei , Kilin Sergey , Petkevich Sergey , Kolesnik Iryna , Michels Dominik , Lyakhov Dmitry , Kulchitsky Vladimir A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the main treatment options for cancer, but it is usually accompanied with negative side effects. The classical drugs combination with synergistic adjuvants can be the solution to this problem, allowing reducing therapeutic dose. Elucidating the mechanism of adjuvant action is of key importance for selection of the optimal agent. Here we examine the system drug-adjuvant to explain observed effect in practice. We used the first line drug – cisplatin. Morpholinium and 4-methylpiperazinium 4,5-dichloro isothiazol-3-carboxylates were selected as adjuvants. The study of cisplatin – adjuvant system was carried out by quantum chemical modeling with DFT method. It turned out that adjuvants form conjugates with cisplatin that leads to relocation of frontier molecular orbitals as well as increase of conjugate’s dipole moment. It results in change of the character of interaction with DNA and increase of bioactivity of system. The data obtained are the basis for expanding the studies to include other drugs and adjuvants. Oncologists will have opportunity to use “classical” chemotherapy drugs in combination with synergists for those patients who have not been previously recommended to such treatment because of pronounced toxic side effects.
Moss Establishment Success Is Determined By The Interaction Between Propagule Size And Species Identity
Authors: Hurtado Fernando , Estébanez Belén , Aragón Pedro , Hortal Joaquín , Molina-Bustamante Manuel , Medina Nagore G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Question: Colonization of new habitat patches is a key aspect of metacommunity dynamics, particulary for sessile organisms. Mosses can establish in new patches through fragmentation, with different vegetative structures acting as propagules. Despite the importance of these propagules for successful colonization the specific aspects that favour moss colonization by vegetative propagules remain poorly understood, including the effect of propagule size. We examine the intra- and interspecific variation of establishment and colonization success in culture of propagules of different sizes in six widespread, soil moss species of contrasting growth form (Dicranum scoparium, Homalothecium aureum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Ptychostomum capillare, Syntrichia ruralis and Tortella squarrosa).Methods: We obtained three different size classes of propagules from artificially fragmented vegetative material, and assessed their establishment under controlled light and temperature conditions. We characterize the size, shape, apparent viability, morphological type and size changes due to hydration states of the propagules, all of them traits with potentially significant influence in their dispersal pattern and establishment. Then we assess the effect of these traits on moss establishment, using indicators of surface establishment (number of established shoots and colonized surface) and biomass production (viable biomass) as proxies of colonization success. Results: The establishment indicators related to colonization surface and biomass production differ among species and propagule sizes. The magnitude of the interspecific differences of all indicators of establishment success was larger at the smaller propagule size class. T. squarrosa was the most successful species, and D. scoparium showed the lowest performance. We also found interspecific differences in the hydration dynamics of the propagules.Conclusions: The process of establishment by vegetative fragments operates differently among moss species. Besides, differences between hydration states in propagules of some species could be part of syndromes for both dispersal and establishment. This study unveils several functional traits, such as wet versus dry area and length of fragments, relevant for moss colonization that may improve our understanding of their spatial dynamics.
Nutritional Status and Feeding Practices of Children Aged 0 to 36 Months in Thulamela Municipality, Limpopo Province
Authors: Mugware Anzani , Motadi Selekane Ananias , Mushaphi Lindelani Fhumudzani 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Poor Infant and young child feeding practices accounts for nutrients deficiency, illness and infections in children that lead to malnutrition at an early age. The objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional status and feeding practices of children aged 0 to 36 months in Thulamela Municipality. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and December 2019 in Thulamela Municipality. A total number of 250 mother-child pair were recruited in the study using a convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to interview mothers. Anthropometric measurements of children were assessed using standard procedure. Anthropometric measurements were calculated using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2. The data obtained were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) version 26. Results: The mean (± SD) age of children in months was 10.53 (8.39). Exclusive breastfeeding up to six months was practised by only 7.6% of mothers while 87.5% of mothers introduced complementary feeding before the age of six months. The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight were 9.2%, 2% and 3.6% respectively. About 38.1% of children who received water before six months of age were more likely to be stunted as compared to their counterparts (19.9%) (p=0.001). Children who were given complementary foods one week after birth, the odds of being underweight were 9.00 times as compared to those who were given complementary foods after six months (OR=9.00; 95% CI=1.325 - 61.138).
Influences of Different Ectopic Fermentation Bed Fillers of Human Excreta on the Soil Properties and Growth of Chinese Pakchoi
Authors: Li Jiabin , Liu Xue , Zhu Changxiong , Luo Liangguo , Chen Zhuobo , Jin Shan , Geng Bing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The reuse of human excreta as biofertilizer resources offers a new option for meeting the growing demand for food and addressing the scarcity of soil productivity. Feces and black water are two prevalent forms of human excreta, both of which contain potentially harmful substances and therefore need to be treated in an environmentally sound manner by appropriate means. Ectopic fermentation bed systems (EFSs) seem to be a new technique for effective human excreta management and the production of biofertilizers using decomposed fillers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the nutrient content and fertilizer potential of decomposed fills after treatment of human feces and black water by an EFS under different application conditions. The results showed that the application of an appropriate proportion of fillers was beneficial to promote the growth of pakchoi, improve the yield and quality of pakchoi, and enhance soil fertility. The safe production requirements of agricultural products can be met as long as a reasonable filler application rate is maintained, with human feces fillers controlled within 5% and black water fillers controlled within 10%. The main factors affecting the yield and quality of pakchoi in this study were soil properties, especially soil EC. These findings help to better clarify the agronomic value of human excreta; however, the effects of long-term filler application need to be further explored.
Stimulus Intensity For Measuring Temporal Summation Of Second Pain: The Case-Control Study Of Patients With Chronic Pain And Healthy Individuals
Authors: Daisuke Moriguchi , Shoichi Ishigaki , Xiaoyu Lin , Kotaro Kuyama , Yukiko Koishi , Ryota Takaoka , Peter Svensson , Hirofumi Yatani 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Central sensitization (CS) of the nociceptive system is linked to a disparity between the perceived pain intensity and the severity of the tissue damage in many chronic pain conditions. Temporal summation of second pain (TSSP) has been suggested as a psychophysical index for CS. However, there is no golden standard for protocols to measure TSSP. The purpose was to establish the stimulus intensity for measuring TSSP to obtain the best assessment of CS in healthy individuals and patients with chronic pain. Methods: Women patients with chronic myofascial temporomandibular disorders pain (n = 16) and healthy women volunteers with no pain (n = 15) participated. First, TSSP response patterns in healthy volunteers with no pain were tested. Second, differences in TSSP between groups were investigated. Pain thresholds (PT °C) were measured, and repetitive heat stimuli at three stimulus intensities (PT °C, PT+1 °C, PT+2 °C) were applied. TSSP parameters were quantified as TSSP magnitude (TSm), TSSP frequency (TSf). Generalized linear mixed-effect models with repetitive stimuli on pain ratings were conducted. Results: In healthy women volunteers, pain ratings significantly decreased at PT ℃ (P < .050), besides TSm and TSf at PT+2 ℃ were significantly higher than those at PT ℃ (P < .025). In chronic pain patients, pain ratings significantly increased at PT+1 ℃ and PT+2 ℃ (P < .050). At PT+2 ℃, TSm and TSf in chronic pain patients were significantly higher than healthy volunteers (P < .050). Conclusion: The stimulus intensity should be individually adjusted to 2 ℃ above the patient’s pain thresholds to assess TSSP clearly.
In Situ Measurements of Elastic Constants In Liquid Crystalline Droplets
Authors: Rudyak Vladimir Yu. , Krakhalev Mikhail N. , Gardymova Anna P. , Abdullaev Abylgazy S. , Alekseev Andrey A. , Zyryanov Victor Ya. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigated the behaviour of cholesteric droplets with homeotropic boundary conditions experimentally and by computer simulations. Small droplets forming twisted radial structure were studied. We obtained two different paths of structural transformations under electric field in such droplets. The choice between these paths has probabilistic nature. The ratio between two transition types was found to be sensible to the elastic constants of LC forming the droplet. We suggest the principal approach for in situ estimation of ratios between elastic constants in cholesteric LCs deposited in polymer dispersed LC material and discuss its strong and weak sides.
Association of MMP-9 and TIMP1 Genes Expression With Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Akbari Tooran , Fard Toktam Kazemi , Fadaei Reza , Ahmadi Reza , Moradi Nariman , Movahedi Monireh , Tond Sepideh Barzin , yarahmadi sahar , Ghaffari tina , fallah Soudabeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death and is characterized by atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. Since Inflammation play an essential role in progression and development of atherosclerosis, we investigated the effects of interaction MMPs, TIMP and cytokines in the pathogensis of atherosclerosis.Method and resultsThe present study was consisted of 132 Iranian individuals underwent coronary angiography, 65 patients with CAD and 67 controls. The Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and vitamin D levels were measured by ELISA technique. The genes expression of MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) were estimated by Real time PCR assay. A considerable increase in both levels and PBMC gene expression of MMP-9, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were found in CAD patients compared with controls. While a significant decrease was detected in vitamin D levels of CAD patients in comparison with controls. A considerable direct correlation was found between MMP-9 levels and MMP-9 and TIMP1 genes expression in CAD patients. MMP-9 levels positively correlated with LDL-C and in CAD. Correlation between TIMP1 gene expression and IL-6 levels was also negatively significant. Moreover, there were positive correlations between MMP-9 levels and IL-6 and TNF-α serum levels in CAD patients.ConclusionThis study showed that the interaction between MMPs, TIMP and cytokines could play a role in the pathogensis of atherosclerosis.
Effectiveness of an integrated community, facility and media-based early child development intervention on caregiver knowledge and behavior: A quasi-experimental evaluation of the Malezi program in Tanzania
Authors: Antelman Gretchen , Ferla Josephine , Gill Michelle , Heather Hoffman , Komba Teopista , Abubakar Amina , Remes Pieter , Jahanpour Ola , Mariki Martha , Mang'engya Mary , de Ven Roland van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe quality of caregiving and the parent-child relationship is critical for early child development (ECD) and has been shown to be modifiable. This study evaluated an ECD project in Tanzania, assessing the effectiveness of radio messaging (RM) alone and a combined radio messaging/video job aids/ECD (RMV-ECD) intervention.MethodsThis two-arm pre-post evaluation study enrolled a cohort of caregivers of children 0–24 months in four districts of Tabora region, following them for nine months. ECD radio messages were broadcast on popular stations at least 10 times/day reaching all study districts. In two districts, community health workers (CHW) trained in UNICEF’s Care for Child Development package and used ECD videos in home- and facility-based sessions with caregivers. We used pre-post analyses within intervention group to describe intervention effects on five outcomes: ECD knowledge, early stimulation, father engagement, responsive care, and environment safety; and logistic regression to describe the relative benefits of the combined intervention package (RMV-ECD) compared to radio messaging (RM) alone.ResultsIn the RMV-ECD arm, all outcomes at endline except environment safety significantly improved after the intervention with the largest change seen in ECD knowledge (35.8% increase, p < .0001) and the smallest in father engagement (6.7%, p = .015). In the RM arm, ECD knowledge (5.7%, p = .031) and environment safety (18.1%, p = < .0001) improved. In the comparative analysis, three outcomes showed significantly greater change in the RMV-ECD arm compared to the RM arm: ECD knowledge (65.7% vs. 30.0%), early stimulation (49.5% vs. 31.2%) and father engagement (35.4% vs. 23.5%). High measures of parenting stress were associated with lower likelihood of having good ECD knowledge (AOR 0.50, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.71), father engagement (AOR 0.72, 95%CI: 0.52, 0.99) and responsive care (AOR 0.31, 95%CI: 0.18, 0.54).ConclusionsAn intervention that includes mass media, educational video content and CHWs who counsel caregivers in their homes and health facilities was associated with significant improvements in ECD parenting knowledge and behaviors but effect on responsive care could not be established. Mass media alone was associated with improved parenting knowledge and household environment safety. Parenting stress was identified as a factor associated with ECD knowledge, early stimulation, father engagement and responsive care.Trial registrationNCT05244161 at clinicaltrials.gov; retrospectively registered
The combined effect of a novel vaccine for herd immunization on porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine parvovirus (PCVs) from Jinzhong-Shanxi of China
Authors: Zheng Longlong , Zhang Li , Zheng Mingxue , Wang Chen , Kang Huixin , Tan Fan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PRRSV and porcine circovirus (PCVs), two of the most significant swine diseases that affect the pig industry. NADC30-like or NADC34-like PRRSV and PCV3 has had a strong in China and could cause clinical disease on pigs. Co-infection of PRRSV and PCVs is frequently observed under field conditions and elicits more severe diseases. However, the endemic status of NADC30-like/NADC34-like PRRSV and PCV3/PCV4 in Jinzhong of Shanxi is unclear under the field condition of immune inactivated vaccines or subunit vaccine (Virus-LikeParticles, VLPs). In this study, we examined 120 weaner dead pigs-lung tissue samples collected from a single PRRSV and PCV positive pig farm in Jinzhong-Shanxi from January to November 2021. Six NADC30-like PRRSV and PCV3 strains were discovered in samples, and PRRSV NSP2 and ORF5 genomes & PCV3 Cap genomes of these strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these novel PRRSV and PCV strains belong to NADC30-like PRRSV and PCV3, forming one group in Shanxi, Jinzhong. After NADC30-like PRRSV pregnant sows (African swine fever infection pressure) were immunized with Ch-1a inactivated vaccine for one year, NADC34-like PRRSV was not identified, and NADC30-like PRRSV was still an epidemic strain in the piglet herd. Importantly, PCV2 pregnant sows were immunized with subunit (Cap protein) vaccine for one year, PCV-4 was not detected, and PCV-3 was still an epidemic strain in the piglet herd. Immunization of sows with PRRSV inactivated vaccine and circular VLPs vaccine can reduce viremia and increase the survival rate of piglets, but cannot provide complete virological protection.
Vehicle Speed Prediction Using a Combined Neural Network of Convolution and Gated Recurrent Unit With Attention
Authors: Jiao Xiaohong , Wang Zhennan , Zhang Zhao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Vehicle velocity prediction can benefit widespread applications, such as optimal vehicle propulsion systems and advanced driver assistance systems. Dynamic changes in the traffic environment strongly influence vehicle speed prediction, making it hard to predict vehicle speed accurately. In contrast, advances in intelligent transportation systems and machine learning have made it possible to predict short-term vehicle speed accurately. In this regard, this paper presents a novel vehicle speed prediction algorithm using deep learning methodologies. A practical temporal and channel attention module (TCAM) is designed for a feed-forward convolution neural network (CNN) to enhance valuable information and suppress redundant information. At the same time, a gated recurrent unit (GRU) with an attention network is utilized, having the advantages of analyzing significant relationships among time-series data through its memory function. The two prediction algorithms consisting of the CNN embedded in TCAM and the GRU with attention mechanism are fused to improve vehicle speed prediction performance. Simulation experiments using IPG-Carmaker software validate better prediction performance of the proposed model than traditional and existing deep learning prediction methods.