bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Perception regarding Digital Dentistry among Saudi Dental Students
Authors: Al-Ibrahim Ibrahim K. , Alharbi Salwa M. , Alharbi Bandar B. , Alshammary Freah L. , Madfa Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the usage of digital technologies by dental students in Saudi Arabia and improve dental education outcomes. At random, electronic surveys were distributed to Saudi dental students. Eight hundred sixteen completed questionnaires were returned, with sixteen incomplete questionnaires not analyzed. The questionnaire requested information on gender, age, and level of study, and participation in the study was completely voluntary. Students were asked to complete the questionnaires based on their observations and experiences. Descriptive statistics such as numbers and percentages were used to analyze the collected data. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used to assess the results. Among 778 students, 758 (97.43%) had an idea about digital dentistry; however, only 20 (2.6%) did not know about digital dentistry. Intern and clinical students revealed higher knowledge levels than preclinical students (p < 0.01). The majority of the students, 715 (91.9%), get knowledge from college. Regarding digital dentistry during clinical practice, the majority, 677 (87.0%), of the subjects answered yes; however, 101(13.0%) said no. For digital technology use, the majority, 695 (89.3%) of the issues, answered that digital dentistry is helpful in diagnosis; however, only 79 (10.2%) thought that digital dentistry could achieve clinical treatment. The majority of the 766 individuals (98.5%) believed that digital dentistry improved the quality of dental procedures. The majority of students, 737 (94.7%), said that digital dentistry would eventually replace traditional dental services. Regarding higher learning outcomes and the need for skill and training, most sample 765 (98.3%) replied yes to both questions. It can be concluded that students have good knowledge about digital technology, which may have motivated them to practice.
Impact of CeO2 doped ZnO binary metal oxide nanocomposites as clad modified fiber optic VOC gas sensor for exhaled breath analysis
Authors: Balusamy Renganathan , Rao Subha Krishna , A.R Ganesan , Annamalai Deepak Arun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient environments has opened up a new field for the quick, risk-free, and potentially low-cost identification of respiratory illnesses. In this context, CeO2 doped ZnO nanocomposites were produced through the sol-gel technique at various ratios (CeO2:ZnO at 1:4, 4:4, and 4:1, respectively), and their gas sensing capability was evaluated and shown using a clad modified fiber optic sensor to study its potential as a VOC detector. The study was based on the concepts of evanescent wave absorption. The modified cladded optical fiber was exposed to the ammonia, ethanol, and methanol gas medium in the testing laboratory. At room/chamber temperatures, the sensor's sensitivity is tested, and was observed that CeO2 doped ZnO at 4:1 ratio exhibited better sensitivity towards ammonia gas vapour.
Structural insights into conformational stability of ESR1 and structure base screening of new potent inhibitor for the treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Chopra Ishita , Panwar Umesh , Madhavi Maddala , Bhrdwaj Anushka , Soni Lovely , Sharma Khushboo , Parihar Abhyuday Singh , Mohan Vineeth Pazharathu , Prajapati Leena , Joshi Isha , Sharma Rashmi , Agrawal Shweta , Alzahrani Khalid J , Hussain Tajamul , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a nuclear receptor proteinencoded by the estrogen receptor1 (ESR1) gene,is an important biomarker in breast cancer diagnosis. Any dysregulation in its expression can actively implicate the development and progression of the disease. ERα is abnormally expressed in around 60% of the active cases, making it animportant therapeutic target. In this study, we report the application of computational approaches to identify suitable drug-like molecules, which share similar ligand binding dynamics with ERα. Structure-based virtual screening(SBVS), docking, and inhibitor dynamics are used to study the ligand binding and interaction profiling of the anticipatedligand molecule, at the active site of the 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHT) protein (PDB Id: 3ERT). SBVS analysis follows HTVS, SP, and XP protocol in comparison to the ZINC and NCI, to retrieve 20 bestligandhits as effective inhibitors; All the compounds have shown significant interaction with active site residues (Leu346, Thr347, Asp351, Glu353, Trp383, Leu387, and Arg394) of the 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Moreover, the docking study was used to screen the top 5 compounds: ZINC13377936, NCI35753, ZINC35465238, ZINC14726791, and NCI663569. We also, employed molecular dynamics simulations to explore the binding dynamics present at the atomic level. Our MDS results have revealed the compounds (ZINC13377936 and NCI35753) with outstanding binding stability and lesser fluctuations. Both above hits possess a high potential as future therapeutic agents, acting by the mechanism of competitive inhibitionagainst the ERα protein in breast cancer.
Research of the Active Components and Potential Mechanisms of Qingfei Gujin Decoction in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Yan Qingying , Yang Jiewen , Yao Yongwei , Jia Zhen , Wang Yiqing , Miao Chen , Yan Xiaobo , Xu Yefeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aim: Qingfei Gujin decoction (QGD) has been shown to be effective against osteosarcoma. This research was aimed to investigate the main active ingredients and potential mechanisms of QGD acting on osteosarcoma through network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods: The active ingredients and targets of QGD were screened from the TCMSP database, and the predicted targets were obtained from the PharmMapper database. Meanwhile, the targets of osteosarcoma were collected using OMIM, PharmGkb and DisGeNET databases. Then, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed by RStudio. PPI and drug-ingredients-targets network were constructed using Cytoscape 3.2.1 to screen the major active ingredients, key networks and targets. Finally, molecular docking of key genes and their regulatory active ingredients was performed using AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software. Results: 38 active ingredients were collected, generating 89 cross-targets; Quercetin, luteolin, β-sitosterol, and kaempferol were the main active ingredients of QGD acting on osteosarcoma, and major signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway were observed. TP53, SRC, and ESR1 were identified as key proteins that docked well with their regulated compounds. Conclusion: QGD is effective against osteosarcoma through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway. This study was helpful for finding effective targets and compounds for osteosarcoma treatment.
Multimodal Detection of Hateful Messages Using Visual-Linguistic Pre-Trained Deep Learning Models
Authors: Chen Yuyang , Pan Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Online hateful messages, more commonly known as “hate speech”, have recently become a major social issue. Many studies have shown them to be detrimental for both the individuals and the society. Many online platforms have employed legions of moderators to manually identify and remove these messages, yet such practices are time-consuming, expensive, and often causing mental illness among the reviewers. As a solution, computational methods are applied to automatically identify and remove hateful messages. However, as online discussions are now often dominated by memes, a format that leverages both text and image to express users’ intents, many textual moderation methods have become obsolete. In order to effectively detect a hateful meme, the algorithm must possess strong vision and language fusion capa- bility. In this work, we move closer to this goal by compositely using a Visual-Language Pre-Trained Model, an object detection model and a random forest classifier to achieve a 0.77 AUROC score on the hateful meme detection task, an improvement of 0.15 compared to the best baseline method.
SiO2 and ZnO Hybrid Nanofillers Modified Natural Rubber Latex: Excellent Tensile Properties and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Liu Ye , Mou Wenjie , Li Jinglin , Fu Xiaomei , Huang Chaojie , Chen Lishui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The modification of polymer with nanoparticles has been proved to have good results, but the key of this method is that nanoparticles can maintain uniform dispersion in the polymer. Herein, silica (SiO2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) hybrid nanofillers were prepared by self-made dispersion equipment to modify natural rubber latex (NRL). The results show that the uniformly dispersed nano-SiO2 fillers increase the number of entanglements in the molecular chain of NRL, thereby improving the tensile properties. The tensile strength and elongation at break of LZ1S4.2 were increased to 32.61 MPa and 957%, respectively. The increase of the number of entanglements also makes the structure of NRL more compact, and improves the barrier performance and aging resistance. The uniformly dispersed nano-ZnO fillers endow the NRL with excellent antibacterial properties, and the antibacterial rate (For Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus ) is greater than 99.9%. In addition, NRL condoms and gloves incorporating hybrid nanofillers have been proved to have good biocompatibility, and this NRL nanocomposite is expected to be applied to other NRL products.
Giant and Rapidly Growing Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Head and Neck with Pulmonary Metastasis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cao Yuandong , Tao Wei , Jia Ting , Liu Liang , Jiang Chunyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background：Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are a subtype of malignant soft tissue sarcoma arising from peripheral nerve branches or sheaths of peripheral nerve fibers. Most cases are associated with bigger nerve stems, and are more commonly found in the proximal parts of the limbs and trunk, but rarely in the head and neck regions. However, reports on MPNSTs with pulmonary metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis are limited. Here, we present a case of MPNST that is located in the head and neck region with pulmonary metastasis and a literature review. Case description：Here, we report a case of primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the head and neck with pulmonary metastasis. The tumor was surgically removed and fused with autogenous bone and artificial bone. The histopathological diagnosis was MPNST. However, the tumor rapidly recurred one month after surgery, and the patient exhibited progressive decline in muscle strength with numbness and an inability to move independently, so the tumor was again surgically removed. Then, she underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antiangiogenic therapy. After three months, the patient’s tumor rapidly progressed into intracranial, neck, and lung lesions, and genetic tests were performed.Conclusions: Giant MPNSTs of the head and neck with pulmonary metastasis are highly aggressive lesions that should primarily be treated in a surgical fashion. Adjuvant radiotherapy should be initiated as soon as the patient recovers from the postoperative wound, preferably within two weeks. Antiangiogenic drugs and radiotherapy may have synergistic effects.
Probing the Nature of Code Mixing and Code Switching From Amharic to Awigni and Its Influence on the Indigenous Language-Awigni
Authors: Techane Adugna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to explore the nature of code mixing and code switching from Amharic to Awigni and its influence on the indigenous language-Awigni at Injibara town, Awi zone, Ethiopia. The subjects of the study were from the woredas’ educational bureau, cultural and tourism bureau and public schools located at the town. So as to achieve this goal, a mixed research design was employed. Thirty two respondents were selected from the woredas’ educational bureau, cultural and tourism bureau and public schools through using comprehensive sampling technique were as the participants of the study. Questionnaire, interview, observation, and FGD were utilized to gather data. The findings indicated that different aspects of Awi language is affected due to the influence of Amharic language. Basically, its morphology has been affected. The results also revealed that in the case between Amharic and awigni, there are four basic causes to mix and switch. These include boarder proximity, religious activities, and historical relationship and trade activities. Moreover, speakers mix and switch codes from Amharic due to different relations with Amharic speakers. Finally, it is recommended that collecting the original Awigni language words and sounds from elders should be the task to everyone to save the language.
Polyphenols from Green tea revert CCl4-Induced liver oxidative stress and inflammation associated with high fat diet by activation of NRF-2 and TIMP-1 pathways to neutralize ROS
Authors: Kanwal Hafiza Arooj , majeed wafa , Awan Ambreen Mehmood , Aslam Bilal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hepatic disorders are progressed by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, hepatocyte death and increased transforming growth factor. Herein we investigated the phytochemical screening of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and analyzed its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential on liver biomarkers that elaborate therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols (catechins) in rat model associated with CCl4 induced liver injury along high fat diet. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are stimulated by either acute or chronic liver injury and critically triggered the production of inflammation, steatosis, fibrosis and liver carcinoma. We designed HPLC work to isolate the green tea phytochemical constituents quantitatively in a remarkable therapeutic range. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were carried out in vivo using treatment with green tea polyphenol extract (GTPE 600 mg/kg) that significantly reduced (P < 0,001) pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in CCl4-induced hepatic injury in Wistar albino rats. Hepatoprotective potential of GTPE was evaluated through biochemical parameters (complete blood count, liver functional tests and lipid profile), oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, CAT, GPx and SOD) as well as histopathological analysis. Study of NRF-2 and TIMP-1 pathways through qRT-PCR provided strategy to delay the progression of liver injury into liver fibrosis by neutralizing reactive oxygen species and reverting inflammatory cytokines with the help of GTPE in therapeutic dose. Pharmacological confirmation of current study indicated that green tea possessed incredible anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that polyphenols providing active components (catechins) of crude extract.
Ultrasoic endoscopy guiding to cut scar of esophageal stricture after variceal sclerotherapy
Authors: Zhu Yuandong , Zhang Fulong , Xu Jing , Shi Yan , Wu Bo , Wang Hai , Huang Chaojun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: We want to investigate the efficacy of ultrasoic endoscopy guiding to cut scar of esophageal stricture after variceal sclerotherapy.Method: The data of 10 patients with esophageal stricture after esophageal varices sclerotherapy injection(ESI) in our hospital from September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 treated by cutting the scar guided by ultrasoic endoscopy were retrospective, and the efficacy was evaluated.Result: The dysphagia was obviously relieved in 9 patients during follow-up, and 1 patient suffered dysphagia again after the treatment.There was no complications of perforation, bleeding and infection among the paitents.Conclusion: Ultrasoic endoscopy guiding to cut scar was safe and reliable, which could reduce the occurrence of perforation and bleeding.
HER2 status is positively associated with vessel invasion of colorectal cancer: a retrospective large cohort study.
Authors: Wang Mingdian , Wang Xiang , Li Yiwei , Li Qingguo , Cai Sanjun , Li Xinxiang , Ma Maoguang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose HER2 positive colorectal cancer was drew increasing attention in recent years, accumulated evidence showed HER2 positive metastatic colorectal cancer could benefit from HER2 targeted therapy. While HER2 expression and the relationship between HER2 status and clinicopathological characteristics of overall colorectal cancer remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HER2 expression in colorectal cancer and compare the clinicopathological features between HER2 positive and HER2 negative colorectal cancer.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 3910 primary colorectal cancer patients treated in our institution from January 2016 to December 2019. Pathology reports after surgery were collected to provide information about HER2 status and other clinicopathological characteristics.Results We identified 3347 HER2 negative and 79 HER2 positive colorectal cancer patients in our cohort. Chi-square test showed that vessel invasion was significantly more common in HER2 positive colorectal cancer patients. Crude analysis showed HER2 positive was associated with vessel invasion in colorectal cancer [OR and 95% CI 0.534 (0.341, 0.835), p=0.006]. After adjusting for N stage, a significant association was still observed between HER2 status and vessel invasion in colorectal cancer [OR and 95% CI 0.550 (0.322, 0.941), p=0.029].Conclusion Our findings indicate that the rate of HER2 positivity in colorectal cancer was relatively low and HER2 status was strongly associated with vessel invasion in colorectal cancer patients.
Perioperative Improvements for Changing the Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Surgical Approach
Authors: Motono Nozomu , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Iijima Yoshihito , Uramoto Hidetaka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundVideo-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) procedures for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have steadily increased and become the gold standard, but the prognostic advantage compared to thoracotomy has not been elucidated. This study retrospectively evaluated perioperative characteristics of VATS for NSCLC over time.MethodsWe collected the clinical data of 760 patients with NSCLC who underwent pulmonary resection over the last decade, classifying patients into early (2011–2015) and late (2016–2020) periods. Changes in NSCLC patient characteristics, surgical approaches, perioperative factors, postoperative morbidities, and prognoses were analyzed.ResultsPatients in the late period were older (p = 0.01), had more comorbidities (p = 0.01), and had earlier-stage cancer (p < 0.01) than those in the early period. The late period had significantly fewer operative procedures for lobectomy or more (p < 0.01), open thoracotomies (p < 0.01), postoperative (p = 0.02) and severe morbidities (p < 0.01), and a significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay than the early period. Operative procedures of lobectomy or more (p < 0.01) were significant risk factors for postoperative morbidity, and being in the early period (p < 0.01) and operative procedures of lobectomy or more (p < 0.01) were significant risk factors for severe postoperative morbidities. The overall survival prognosis significantly differed between the groups (p = 0.02), but progression-free survival did not (p = 0.89).ConclusionThe incidence of postoperative morbidities decreased over time in older patients and patients with more comorbidities. The prognosis of patients with NSCLC did not change with increasing VATS or sublobar resection.Trial registration: ﻿The Institutional Review Board of Kanazawa Medical University approved the protocol of this retrospective study (approval number: I392), and written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
Thermally activated flux flow and inter-granular coupling properties in (Bi, Pb)-2223 superconductor added with ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Aftabi Ali , Mozaffari Morteza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In high-temperature ceramic superconductors, vortices motion is caused by the strong thermal fluctuations due to the thermally activated flux flow (TAFF). The TAFF impedes the transport properties and critical current density of superconductors. It has been reported that the addition of nanoscale impurities can create artificial pining centers that may improve flux pinning capability and inter-granular coupling in ceramic superconductors. Here, the effects of different amounts (0.0 to 1.0 wt%) of ZnO nanoparticles on the TAFF behavior and zero temperature activation energy of the Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconducting phase have been studied using the modified TAFF model. Moreover, the impacts of the additive on the inter-granular traits and the Josephson coupling energy of the superconducting phase have been investigated using AC susceptibility measurements. Results indicate that the vortex phases for all composites are divided into three vortex regions, but the temperature ranges in each region are different for various amounts of the additives. A vortex glass to vortex liquid transition at Tg was obtained from the analysis. The vortex liquid region is divided into the critical and TAFF ones. It was found that the TAFF region is shifted to the higher temperatures and gets narrower by adding the ZnO nanoparticles up to 0.2 wt%. The Tg increases from 93.8 K for the ZnO free sample to 101.0 K for the sample with 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, the zero temperature activation energy (U0/KB) increases from ~ 0.4×105 K for the ZnO free sample to ~ 1.4×105 K for the sample with 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles and then decreases for higher values of additive. Moreover, it was found that the Josephson coupling energy Ej increases from ~ 0.037 eV for ZnO free sample to ~ 0.130 eV for the sample with 0.2 wt% additives. These results point out the significant improvement of the flux pinning capability and inter-granular coupling of the Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconducting phase with the addition of the 0.2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles.