bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steel, a material to reuse
Authors: Fivet Corentin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStahl, ein wiederverwendbarer WerkstoffDie zerstörerischen Auswirkungen der Bauindustrie auf den Planeten und seine Bewohner sind inzwischen unbestritten. Der Klimawandel, die Abfallwirtschaft, die Verknappung der Bodenschätze, die Luft‐ und Bodenverschmutzung – all dies sind Themen, die dringend angegangen werden müssen. Sie stellen zudem eine Herausforderung für die derzeitige Wirtschaft dar, deren Wachstum in direktem Zusammenhang mit der Gewinnung von Rohstoffen, der Herstellung neuer Produkte und letztlich mit deren steigendem Verbrauch steht. Eine kontinuierliche Umgestaltung der bebauten Flächen und der städtischen Infrastrukturen ist ein unerlässlicher Hebel für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung und für die Wahrung des Wohlergehens aller Menschen. Angesichts dieser Situation könnte eine sich derzeit entwickelnde Strategie der Kreislaufwirtschaft von Nutzen sein: die Wiederverwendung von Bauteilen, die es ermöglicht, neue Gebäude zu errichten, ohne neue Baustoffe herzustellen. Stahl ist ein besonders gut geeigneter Werkstoff für die Wiederverwendung, sofern Bauteile reversibel montiert werden. Doch sind die Akteure bereit, neue Geschäftsmodelle zu übernehmen?
Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activities of novel starch derivatives against E. coli and S. aureus
Authors: Sosa‐Santillán Gerardo de Jesús , Zugasti‐Cruz Alejandro , Enríquez‐Medrano Francisco Javier , Avérous Luc , Pollet Eric , Valdés‐Ramos Karyme Guadalupe , Gomez Cesar Gerardo , Romero Marcelo Ricardo , Garcia‐Lobato Marco Antonio , Pérez‐Aguilar Nancy Verónica , Oyervides‐Muñoz Ernesto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree novel starch derivatives with antibacterial properties are synthesized through a rather simple multistep synthesis route. In a first step, sodium periodate oxidation of the hydroxyl groups (C2–C3) of starch yields a di‐aldehyde structure, which is used to attach N,N‐dimethylbenzylamine by Schiff base formation. Then, the amino groups of aminated starch are quaternized with three different ammonium salts (4‐bromobutyl‐pyridinium bromide, 4‐bromobutyl‐benzalkonium bromide, and 4‐bromobutyl‐quinolinium bromide). The different resulting products are fully characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and SEC analysis. Their antibacterial properties are evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro to obtain minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. All the starch derivatives show strong antibacterial activities against Gram‐negative E. coli strain and Gram‐positive S. aureus. Finally, hemolysis assays show that two of the starch derivatives obtained have no significant hemolytic effect on isolated human red cells.
The Effect of Starch Isolation Method on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Zagros Oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Starch
Authors: Bayati Abolfazl , Javanmard Majid , Eikani Mohammad Hasan , Sharifi Akram 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimes to compare the physicochemical and functional properties of Zagros acorn (Quercus brantii) starches isolated by various methods: wet‐milling (acid‐concentration: 1800, 2000, and 2200 ppm; WME‐A, WME‐B, and WME‐C), enzyme‐assisted (2, 4, and 6 h; EAE‐A, EAE‐B, and EAE‐C), freeze‐thaw (UAE‐A), ultrasound‐assisted (15 and 30 min: UAE‐B and UAE‐C), and lactic acid‐assisted (24, 32, and 48 h: LAE‐A, LAE‐B, and LAE‐C). The extracted starch is tannins‐free and forms a paste with low turbidity (1.35% (WME‐A/B) to 1.92% (UAE‐C) and acceptable yield (39.1% (WME‐B) to 23.07% (UAE‐C)). The amylose content significantly varies between 17.7% (AAE‐C) and 18.13% (EAE‐A). Starches isolated by WME‐B follows, and EAE‐B methods exhibits the highest swelling power (SP) and solubility besides the lowest syneresis. The range of viscosity is between 892.33 (WME‐B) and 593.33 (UAE‐C) cP (p < 0.05). The morphology of the granules varies depending on the isolation method. FTIR‐spectra of various starches show almost similar profiles. The results provide valuable insights about the differences in physicochemical properties of Zagros acorn starch isolated by various methods to choose appropriate applications of these un‐conventional starch. Overall, WME‐B is suggested as a simple and economical method, while the EAE‐B is an environmentally friendly method.
Evaluation of the Effects of Magnetic Field Exposure on Body Sway
Authors: Yamaguchi‐Sekino Sachiko , Iwakiri Kazuyuki , Sekino Masaki , Nakai Toshiharu 
Published: March 2022

This study examined the effects of static magnetic exposure on body sway during a static posture. The subjects were located 80 cm away from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, and their motions were captured by a motion‐capture system. The average exposure level was 65 ± 8 mT (n = 15) at the head position. The results were compared with those from control conditions acquired at the console room. Small increments in the total sway paths and the anterior/posterior sway paths were detected through magnetic field exposure condition. However, the overall effect was small because the actual changes in parameter values were very small. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Multicentric lymphoma and leukaemia in a juvenile king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus)
Authors: Russell Jennifer P. , Mena Alexandria , Kiupel Matti , Osborn Steven , St Leger Judy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 10‐month‐old male king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) presented with an acute episode of collapse. Complete blood count and serum biochemistry revealed a severe lymphocytic leukocytosis (white blood cell count 122.76 × 103/µl; lymphocytes 117.8 × 103/µl), elevated creatinine kinase (1414 IU/L) and mild anaemia (packed cell volume 33%). Marked hepatomegaly was noted on radiographs of the coelom. Blood smears contained an extremely high number of lymphocytes with frequent bizarre forms and a high mitotic count. Despite good initial response to treatment with steroids and prophylactic antimicrobials, the bird's lymphocytic leukocytosis increased, and the animal spontaneously died 2 weeks after initial presentation. Postmortem examination revealed infiltration of multiple organs, including bone marrow, with neoplastic lymphocytes consistent with T‐cell phenotype.
Modular flavor symmetry and vector-valued modular forms
Authors: Liu Xiang-Gan , Ding Gui-Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We revisit the modular flavor symmetry from a more general perspective. The scalar modular forms of principal congruence subgroups are extended to the vector-valued modular forms, then we have more possible finite modular groups including ΓN and $$ {\Gamma}_N^{\prime } $$

Γ
N
′

as the flavor symmetry. The theory of vector-valued modular forms provides a method of differential equation to construct the modular multiplets, and it also reveals the simple structure of the modular invariant mass models. We review the theory of vector-valued modular forms and give general results for the lower dimensional vector-valued modular forms. The general finite modular groups are listed up to order 72. We apply the formalism to construct two new lepton mass models based on the finite modular groups A4× Z2 and GL(2, 3).
Dokumentations- und Behandlungsqualität im Rettungsdienst: eine retrospektive Analyse von Einsatzprotokollen in der Stadt Aachen
Authors: Klein Maximilian , Schröder Hanna , Beckers Stefan K. , Borgs Christina , Rossaint Rolf , Felzen Marc 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der deutsche Rettungsdienst wird jährlich zu ca. 7,3 Mio. Einsätzen alarmiert, welche zu einem Großteil (ca. 59 %) ohne Arzt ablaufen. Da kaum Daten zur Qualität der medizinischen Versorgung und Dokumentation von Rettungsdiensteinsätzen ohne Arzt vorliegen, sollen diese anhand der Einsatzprotokolle im Rahmen dieser Studie überprüft werden.

Methode
Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Analyse von Protokollen der Rettungsdiensteinsätze ohne Arzt aus den Monaten Juni und Juli 2018. Unter Einbezug von Verfahrensanweisungen wurden die Dokumentations- und Behandlungsqualität der Einsätze analysiert. Primäre Endpunkte waren Dokumentationshäufigkeit, Vollständigkeit, die korrekte Notarzt- oder Telenotarztindikationsstellung, die Entwicklung von kritischen Vitalparametern im Einsatzverlauf sowie die mediane Behandlungszeit.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 1935 Protokolle ausgewertet. Die Verdachtsdiagnose wurde in 1323 (68,4 %), die Anamnese in 456 (23,6 %), der Erstbefund in 350 (18,1 %) und der Letztbefund in 52 (2,7 %) der Fälle vollständig dokumentiert. Anhand der Dokumentation bestand bei 531 (27 %) Patienten eine Telenotarzt- bzw. Notarztindikation, jedoch kein Arztkontakt. Bei diesen Patienten wurden 410 kritische Vitalparameter im Erstbefund dokumentiert. Von diesen Vitalwerten verbesserten sich 69 (16,8 %); bei 217 (52,9 %) wurde kein Übergabebefund dokumentiert. Die mediane Behandlungsdauer vor Ort war bei Patienten mit eigentlicher Notarztindikation (15:02 min) signifikant länger als bei Patienten ohne Indikation (13:05 min).

Schlussfolgerung
Die Dokumentation der Einsätze ist defizitär. Zudem könnte ein Viertel der Patienten von einem prähospitalen Arztkontakt profitieren. Eine juristisch bedenkliche Übergabedokumentation besteht bei ca. der Hälfte aller Protokolle.
Long-term barriers to global fertility convergence
Authors: Papagni Erasmo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAfter WWII, the demographic transition exhibited features of convergence between developing countries and the forerunner countries with low fertility. Although today fertility is low in the majority of countries, significant differences persist. In this article, I study club convergence of fertility in 190 countries over the period 1950 to 2018. First, I apply a novel econometric method for convergence analysis and club clustering. I find no evidence of global fertility convergence, and I classify the 190 countries into four clubs. I further classify countries into two clubs at the beginning of the period and identify a club of countries transitioning from high to low fertility. Second, I interpret fertility convergence clubs as a feature of the long-term process of economic development and estimate an ordered probit model of the probability that a country enters one of three clubs characterized by high, medium, and low barriers to global fertility convergence. Here, the focus is on ancestral fundamental factors of diversity in economic development. Estimates show a statistically significant inverted U-shaped relationship between interpersonal population diversity and the probability of lower barriers, consistent with the literature on diversity and development. Estimates also highlight that genetic distance to the USA and years since the Neolithic transition to agriculture cause higher barriers to fertility decline.
Long-term outcome after routine surgery for pelvic organ prolapse—A national register-based cohort study
Authors: Nüssler Emil , Granåsen Gabriel , Bixo Marie , Löfgren Mats 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common, and women have an estimated 12–19% lifetime risk for needing POP surgery. Aims were to measure re-operation rates up to 10 years after POP surgery and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) 5 years after a first-time operation for POP.

Methods
This is a cohort study using the Swedish National Quality Register for Gynaecological Surgery (GynOp). We retrieved information from 32,086 POP-operated women up to 10 years later. After validation, a web-based PROM questionnaire was sent to 4380 women who 5 years previously had standard POP surgery. Main outcome measures were reoperations due to a relapse of prolapse and PROMs 5 years after the primary operation.

Results
Among women operated for all types of POP, 11% had re-operations 5 years later and an additional 4% 10 years later, with similar frequencies for various compartments/types of surgery. PROMs yielded a 75% response rate after 5 years. Cure rate was 68% for anterior, 70% for posterior, and 74% for combined anterior-posterior native repairs. Patient satisfaction exceeded 70%, and symptom reduction was still significant after 5 years (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Following primary prolapse surgery, re-operation rates are low, even after 10 years. A web-based survey for follow-up of PROMs after POP surgery is feasible and yields a high response rate after 5 years. The subjective cure rate after primary POP operations is high, with reduced symptoms and satisfied patients regardless of compartment. Standard prolapse surgery with native tissue repair produces satisfactory long-term results.
Development and in vitro investigation of a biodegradable mesh for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: MacCraith E. , Joyce M. , do Amaral R. J. F. C. , O’Brien F. J. , Davis N. F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The use of polypropylene (PP) mesh for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery has declined because of safety concerns. The aim of this study is to evaluate a biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh and a PCL composite mesh tissue engineered with human uterine fibroblasts (HUFs) for SUI surgery by comparing mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility to commercially available PP and porcine dermis (PD).

Methods
The mechanical properties of four scaffold materials were evaluated: PCL, PCL-collagen-hyaluronic acid composite, acellular porcine dermal collagen (PD) (Pelvicol™) and polypropylene (Gynecare TVT™ Exact®). HUFs were seeded on separate scaffolds. After 7 and 14 days scaffolds were assessed for metabolic activity and cell proliferation using Alamar Blue, Live/Dead and PicoGreen assays. Soluble collagen production was evaluated using a Sircol assay.

Results
PCL and the composite scaffold reached ultimate tensile strength (UTS) values closest to healthy pelvic floor tissue (PCL = 1.19 MPa; composite = 1.13 MPa; pelvic floor = 0.79 MPa; Lei et al. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 18(6):603-7, 2007). Cells on PCL showed significantly greater cell viability than PP at day 7 (p < 0.0001). At D14 the composite scaffold showed significantly greater cell viability than PP (p = 0.0006). PCL was the best performing scaffold for soluble collagen production at day 14 (106.1 μg versus 13.04 μg for PP, p = 0.0173).

Conclusions
We have designed a biodegradable PCL mesh and a composite mesh which demonstrate better biocompatibility than PP and mechanical properties closer to that of healthy pelvic floor tissue. This in vitro study provides promising evidence that these two implants should be evaluated in animal and human trials.
Candidate master microRNA regulator of arsenic-induced pancreatic beta cell impairment revealed by multi-omics analysis
Authors: Todero Jenna E. , Koch-Laskowski Kieran , Shi Qing , Kanke Matt , Hung Yu-Han , Beck Rowan , Styblo Miroslav , Sethupathy Praveen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArsenic is a pervasive environmental toxin that is listed as the top priority for investigation by the Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry. While chronic exposure to arsenic is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We have recently demonstrated that arsenic treatment of INS-1 832/13 pancreatic beta cells impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), a T2D hallmark. We have also shown that arsenic alters the microRNA profile of beta cells. MicroRNAs have a well-established post-transcriptional regulatory role in both normal beta cell function and T2D pathogenesis. We hypothesized that there are microRNA master regulators that shape beta cell gene expression in pathways pertinent to GSIS after exposure to arsenicals. To test this hypothesis, we first treated INS-1 832/13 beta cells with either inorganic arsenic (iAsIII) or monomethylarsenite (MAsIII) and confirmed GSIS impairment. We then performed multi-omic analysis using chromatin run-on sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and small RNA-sequencing to define profiles of transcription, gene expression, and microRNAs, respectively. Integrating across these data sets, we first showed that genes downregulated by iAsIII treatment are enriched in insulin secretion and T2D pathways, whereas genes downregulated by MAsIII treatment are enriched in cell cycle and critical beta cell maintenance factors. We also defined the genes that are subject primarily to post-transcriptional control in response to arsenicals and demonstrated that miR-29a is the top candidate master regulator of these genes. Our results highlight the importance of microRNAs in arsenical-induced beta cell dysfunction and reveal both shared and unique mechanisms between iAsIII and MAsIII.
Liver Venous Deprivation (LVD) Versus Portal Vein Embolization (PVE) Alone Prior to Extended Hepatectomy: A Matched Pair Analysis
Authors: Böning Georg , Fehrenbach Uli , Auer Timo Alexander , Neumann Konrad , Jonczyk Martin , Pratschke Johann , Schöning Wenzel , Schmelzle Moritz , Gebauer Bernhard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate whether liver venous deprivation (LVD) as simultaneous, portal vein (PVE) and right hepatic vein embolization offers advantages in terms of hypertrophy induction before extended hepatectomy in non-cirrhotic liver.

Materials and Methods
Between June 2018 and August 2019, 20 patients were recruited for a prospective, non-randomized study to investigate the efficacy of LVD. After screening of 134 patients treated using PVE alone from January 2015 to August 2019, 14 directly matched pairs regarding tumor entity (cholangiocarcinoma, CC and colorectal carcinoma, CRC) and hypertrophy time (defined as time from embolization to follow-up imaging) were identified. In both treatment groups, the same experienced reader (> 5 years experience) performed imaging-based measurement of the volumes of liver segments of the future liver remnant (FLR) prior to embolization and after the standard clinical hypertrophy interval (~ 30 days), before surgery. Percentage growth of segments was calculated and compared.

Results
After matched follow-up periods (mean of 30.5 days), there were no statistically significant differences in relative hypertrophy of FLRs. Mean ± standard deviation relative hypertrophy rates for LVD/PVE were 59 ± 29.6%/54.1 ± 27.6% (p = 0.637) for segments II + III and 48.2 ± 22.2%/44.9 ± 28.9% (p = 0.719) for segments II–IV, respectively.

Conclusions
LVD had no significant advantages over the standard method (PVE alone) in terms of hypertrophy induction of the FLR before extended hepatectomy in this study population.
Robotic versus open pancreatic surgery: a propensity score-matched cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Benzing Christian , Timmermann Lea , Winklmann Thomas , Haiden Lena Marie , Hillebrandt Karl Herbert , Winter Axel , Maurer Max Magnus , Felsenstein Matthäus , Krenzien Felix , Schmelzle Moritz , Pratschke Johann , Malinka Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Robotic pancreatic surgery (RPS) is associated with high intraoperative costs compared to open pancreatic surgery (OPS). However, it remains unclear whether several advantages of RPS such as reduced surgical trauma and a shorter postoperative recovery time could lead to a reduction in total costs outweighing the intraoperative costs. The study aimed to compare patients undergoing OPS and RPS with regards to cost-effectiveness in a propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis.

Methods
Patients undergoing OPS and RPS between 2017 and 2019 were included in this monocentric, retrospective analysis. The controlling department provided financial data (costs and revenues, net loss/profit). A propensity score-matched analysis was performed or OPS and RPS (matching criteria: age, American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) score, gender, body mass index (BMI), and type of pancreatic resection) with a caliper 0.2.

Results
In total, 272 eligible OPS cases were identified, of which 252 met all inclusion criteria and were thus included in the further analysis. The RPS group contained 92 patients. The matched cohorts contained 41 patients in each group. Length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly shorter in the RPS group (12 vs. 19 days, p = 0.003). Major postoperative morbidity (Dindo/Clavien ≥ 3a) and 90-day mortality did not differ significantly between OPS and RPS (p > 0.05). Intraoperative costs were significantly higher in the RPS group than in the OPS group (7334€ vs. 5115€, p < 0.001). This was, however, balanced by other financial categories. The overall cost-effectiveness tended to be better when comparing RPS to OPS (net profit—RPS: 57€ vs. OPS: − 2894€, p = 0.328). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed major postoperative complications, longer hospital stay, and ASA scores < 3 were linked to the risk of net loss (i.e., costs > revenue).

Conclusions
Surgical outcomes of RPS were similar to those of OPS. Higher intraoperative costs of RPS are outweighed by advantages in other categories of cost-effectiveness such as decreased lengths of hospital stay.
Individual differences in mental imagery modulate effective connectivity of scene-selective regions during resting state
Authors: Tullo Maria Giulia , Almgren Hannes , Van de Steen Frederik , Sulpizio Valentina , Marinazzo Daniele , Galati Gaspare 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSuccessful navigation relies on the ability to identify, perceive, and correctly process the spatial structure of a scene. It is well known that visual mental imagery plays a crucial role in navigation. Indeed, cortical regions encoding navigationally relevant information are also active during mental imagery of navigational scenes. However, it remains unknown whether their intrinsic activity and connectivity reflect the individuals’ ability to imagine a scene. Here, we primarily investigated the intrinsic causal interactions among scene-selective brain regions such as Parahipoccampal Place Area (PPA), Retrosplenial Complex, and Occipital Place Area (OPA) using Dynamic Causal Modelling for resting-state functional magnetic resonance data. Second, we tested whether resting-state effective connectivity parameters among scene-selective regions could reflect individual differences in mental imagery in our sample, as assessed by the self-reported Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire. We found an inhibitory influence of occipito-medial on temporal regions, and an excitatory influence of more anterior on more medial and posterior brain regions. Moreover, we found that a key role in imagery is played by the connection strength from OPA to PPA, especially in the left hemisphere, since the influence of the signal between these scene-selective regions positively correlated with good mental imagery ability. Our investigation contributes to the understanding of the complexity of the causal interaction among brain regions involved in navigation and provides new insight in understanding how an essential ability, such as mental imagery, can be explained by the intrinsic fluctuation of brain signal.