bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Year of Peer Support Work in Forensic Mental Health – Evaluation of Implementation
Authors: Walde P. , Benz C. , Hadala J. , Völlm B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPeer Support Work can be an effective way to support patients and their participation also in psychiatric populations. Unlike in general psychiatry there is less experience with peer support work in forensic mental health inpatient settings. Characteristics different from general psychiatry, e.g., regarding safety, might be a reason for the delay of their implementation.ObjectivesWe aim to present the implementation of a peer support worker in a forensic mental health setting for addicted offenders. We address reservations of staff before the implementation and their development during the first year. The perspective of patients about their experiences is taken into consideration. The development of the peer support workers position and tasks is demonstrated.MethodsFocus groups and interviews were conducted with several groups of people, amongst them employees of several professions, patients and the peer support worker of the clinic. Interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis.ResultsReservations of staff comparable to these found in general psychiatry occurred in the forensic mental health professionals. These could be diminished during the first year. Most of the patients were able to accept and trust the peer support worker, in some cases after initial mistrust. The peer support worker felt accepted in the team and was able to develop a routine as well as own tasks.ConclusionsThe experiences from one year testified that implementation of peer support work into a forensic mental health inpatient setting is possible. Further patient outcomes are to be explored but the current results are promising.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and violent crime: do SSRI’s kill or cure?
Authors: Sneep S. , Petrykiv S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSSRI’s are consistently associated with violent events in the adult population. However, the causality between SSRI use and violent behaviour was never found. Several recent studies draw the attention to this hypothesis while they were inspired by several mass murderers in the United States.ObjectivesA literature research on studies exploring the association between SSRI use and violent behaviour.MethodsThe authors performed a literature search (1966–2020) using PubMed and Embase to review studies where a possible link between SSRI’s and violent behaviour in adults was assessed.Results94 studies were identified, of which 6 studies were included. There is no association between the use of SSRI’s and violent behaviour in the general population. However, an increased hazard of violent behaviour was observed in young man and those with a history of violent crime.ConclusionsOverall, SSRI treatment is safe in the general population. Certain subgroups can, however, be vulnerable to aggressive flare-ups, especially during on-treatment period and the first 12 weeks after drug discontinuation. Therefore, careful monitoring throughout these critical periods is strongly recommended.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Burnout among early career psychiatrists in Russia – results of a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chumakov E. , Gvozdetsky A. , Petrova N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDespite the long history of burnout studies, the problem of burnout among psychiatric specialists in Russia is insufficiently studied. The risk of burnout is the highest among psychiatrists in the first 10 years of their career.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and severity of burnout in early career psychiatrists (ECPs) in Russia.MethodsAn anonymous online survey of ECPs in Russia was conducted in July-August 2019 with a screening for burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The final sample consisted of 165 people (61.2% women; mean age 31.05±3.88). 95.2% of respondents lived in urban areas.ResultsA high level of burnout according to at least one of the MBI scales was revealed in 71.5% of ECPs: in 79 (78.2%) women and 39 (60.9%) men (χ2(1)=5.74; p=0.017). Mean values of the MBI Emotional Exhaustion scale corresponded to 23.33±8.97 and 17.97±8.49 (U=1999.5; p=0.003), the MBI Depersonalization scale – 10.46±4.81 and 9.16±4.22 (U=2598.5; p=0.083), and the MBI Personal Accomplishment scale – 33.02±5.98 and 35.32±5.75 (U=2409.5; p=0.026) for women and men, respectively. The following risk factors for professional burnout were identified: female sex (OR=3.54 [95% CI: 1.96; 6.39], p<0.001), overlapping of several working positions (OR=2.44 [95% CI: 1.36; 4.37], p=0.003), difficulties in work due to changes in documentation requirements introduced since the start of career (OR=2.32 [95% CI: 1.31; 4.11], p=0.004).ConclusionsA high frequency of burnout among ECPs in Russia was revealed which suggests the urgent need for studies assessing the ways to prevent burnout in psychiatrists in Russia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Medically unexplained somatic symptoms and its association with functionality and childhood trauma in type-1 bipolar disorder
Authors: Usta Saglam N.G. , Ayık B. , Baş A. , Izci F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSomatic symptoms with the heterogeneous character that are not fully explained by a medical condition are common in bipolar disorder (BD) which might interfere with the choice of treatment, health care utilization, medical costs as well as functionality.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate somatic symptoms in remitted type 1 BD and to examine the association of somatization, functionality, and childhood trauma which is a known mediator of adult somatization.MethodsAfter excluding patients with medical comorbidities, 61 patients diagnosed with BD type-1 according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V (DSM-V) participated in the study. We required at least 8 weeks of remission and confirm it with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Somatization Scale, Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were administered to the participants.ResultsSomatization scores were significantly correlated with CTQ (r=.310, p=.016), FAST- total (r=.307, p=.016), FAST-financial issues (r=.357, p=.005) and FAST-interpersonal relationships (r=.320, p=.012) subscale scores while inversely correlated with years in education (r=-,305, p=.017). When a partial correlation was run to determine the relationship between somatization and functioning whilst controlling for childhood trauma, there was no statistically significant correlation between somatization and functioning (p=.076).ConclusionsOur study suggests childhood trauma may have a major influence on the relation between somatization and functionality in patients with type- 1 BD. When addressing physical symptoms in patients with type-1 BD, an integrated approach including childhood trauma should be considered.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Overlapping of clinical symptoms between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Tahirovic A. , Arnautović Tahirović M. , Muhic M. , Sikira H. , Sulejmanpasic G. , Haracic Curovac L. , Cesir A. , Memic Serdarevic A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia (SCH) and bipolar affective disorder (BP) are complex disorders that overlapping both in their clinical symptoms and certain familiar characteristics. They share some common characteristcs but there are also key differences. The frequency of overlapping symptoms between these diseases could give us more information about the current validity of the diagnosis based on existing diagnostic criteria. Similarities within and between these two disorders in the future, can possibly redefine greater reliability of diagnosis.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of overlapping symptoms between BP and SCH.MethodsThe sample included 159 patients diagnosed with SCH and 61 with BP who were followed over a two year period. The research was conducted at the UCCS Psychiatric Clinic. Assessment of clinical symptoms and diagnosis were performed using a structured clinical interview (SCID I), a list of operationalized criteria (OPSCRIT), a scale for the assessment of positive and negative symptoms (PANSS), a scale for the assessment of manic symptoms (YMRS).ResultsThe overall PANSS score was significantly higher in patients with SCH compared to patients with BP, but on the general psychopatology there are no significant differences betwen SCH and BP. Symptoms of mania are significantly more pronounced in patients with BP compared to those with SCH.ConclusionsOur results of overlapping of individual symptoms between SCH and BP can speak infavor of the theory of disease continuum. And can also help us in understanding symptoms and guide us to develop optimal treatment strategies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Altered Complement System Activity in Schizophrenia: Overexpression of C4 and/or Abnormal Expression of Complement Control Proteins in the DLPFC, Parietal Cortex, Temporal Cortex, Associative Striatum, Hippocampus, Cerebellum and Whole Blood
Authors: Rey R. , Leboyer M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn schizophrenia, abnormal synaptic pruning during adolescence may be due to an altered Complement system activity. While this hypothesis is supported by C4 overexpression in various brain regions of individuals with schizophrenia, such alterations should be replicated and extended to other brain regions relevant to schizophrenia. Moreover, transcriptional studies of genes coding for proteins regulating the Complement system activity are lacking. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether cerebral and peripheral expression of C4 and Complement control proteins (CCP) are related.ObjectivesTo identify altered expression of C4 and CCP (CSMD1, CSMD2, CD46) coding genes at the cerebral and peripheral levels in schizophrenic individuals.MethodsWe explored C4 and CCP coding genes expression at the cerebral and peripheral levels. Using shinyGEO application we analyzed gene expression from eight Gene Expression Omnibus datasets obtained from 196 schizophrenic individuals and 182 control subjects. First, we compared gene expression between schizophrenic patients and controls in postmortem cerebral samples from 7 different brain regions. Then, we compared gene expression between schizophrenic patients and controls in 4 peripheral tissues.ResultsWe observed C4 overexpression in the DLPFC, parietal, temporal cortex and associative striatum of schizophrenic individuals. We report altered transcriptional patterns of CCP genes in the DLPFC, hippocampus and cerebellum of schizophrenic individuals. CD46 expression was altered in opposite directions between brain and blood of schizophrenic individuals. No significant alteration of C4 expression was observed in peripheral tissues.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis of an altered Complement system activity in various brain regions of schizophrenic individuals which may disrupt the synaptic pruning process during adolescence.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
New categories of psychiatric disorders related to mild neuroinflammation-autoimmune psychosis, mild encephaliutis
Authors: Bechter K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe mild encephalitis hypothesis(ME) ( Bechter 2001, NPBR; updated Bechter 2013,Progr NP&BP) proposed that mild neuroinflammation triggered by infections, autoimmunity, trauma or toxicity (including from stress) might causally underly a spectrum of severe mental disorders (SMDs), especially disorders of the schizophrenic and affective spectrum.ObjectivesThe development from ME hypothesis to the new diagnoses of Autoimmune Psychosis (AP) and a subgroup of Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE) and beyond into future research is reviewed and discussed.MethodsExpert reviewResultsThe subgroup of AE with exclusive or predominant psychiatric symptoms ( compare Graus et al 2016) and all cases of AP ( Pollak et al,Lancet Psychiatry 2020) match the previous poposed ME criteria. AE and AP can now successfully be treated in majority of cases by immune modulatory treatments. These new insights challenge both, the implementation of diagnosis and treatment into clinical reality and forthcoming research on the causality underlying severe mental disorders (SMDs). CSF studies showed in 50-70% of therapy resistant cases of affective and schizophrenic spectrum disorders some abnormalities compatible with mild neuroinflammation ( Bechter et al 2010, J Psych Res), recently confirmed in large patient samples from various university hospitals in Germany ( Endres et al 2018 aso., Rattay et al 2021, aso.).Also post mortem findings are compatible with ME hypothesis in a larger subgroup of SMDs. Open questions of new clinical categorization by refined grading of mild neuroinfalmmation by improved diagnostic methods appear increasingly required, which will be discussed ( Bechter Frontiers Psychiatry 2020).ConclusionsMild neuroinflammation appears causally involved in SMDDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Fatal drug poisonings in an industrial region of the Far North of Russia
Authors: Novikov A. , Gil A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDrug poisonings is a continuous public health problem in Russia and worldwide.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to provide characteristics of lethal drug poisonings in a northern Russian region.MethodsThe data on deaths from drug poisoning that occurred between 2018 and September 2021, systematically collected by the Regional Center on the Organization of the Narcological and Psychiatric service of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia, was analyzed.ResultsAmong 220 cases of fatal drug poisoning the overwhelming majority (90.4%) occurred among males. The number of cases increased annually from 27 in 2018 to 71 in 2020. The average age of death increased from 33.6 years in 2018 to 38.2 years in 2021. Over two thirds of deceased (70.9%) had complete secondary or vocational secondary level of education, almost one third (30.0%) were skilled workers, and slightly less than half (44.1%) were unemployed. The most common causes of death were methadone poisoning (34.5%), poisoning with other opioids (21.8%), other synthetic drugs (17.3%), other unspecified drugs (11.8%), and psychostimulants (10.0%). Alcohol intoxication was identified as a concomitant cause of death in every fourth case (26.0%), of which 98% were among males. Most often, alcohol was present in the blood at a concentration of 120 mg/ml and above. Every fourth deceased (23.6%) was registered with narcology health service for drug addiction.ConclusionsFatal poisonings with narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is a growing public health problem in a northern industrial region of Russia, which affects predominantly working-age males and requires comprehensive multisectoral response.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
What have we Learnt from the UK Triannual Case Reviews about the Role of Parental Mental Illness in Serious Abuse Related Harm of Young Children?
Authors: Wieck A. 
Published: September 2022

Up to one in four young children have been estimated to be exposed to parental mental illness. Although the majority of affected parents will not harm their children, is is now well established that parental mental illness places children at an increased risk of all types of injury. Both maternal and paternal mental illness are implicated. Children of parents with mental illness are at the greatest excess risk of being injured in their first year of life, and this applies particularly to violence related harm. Within the first year, the risk is highest during the first three months after birth. A number of parental and family background factors have been identified in the UK triannual serious case reviews of abuse related harm to children and in other publications that can increase or decrease the risk. These findings have significant implications for clinical practice. In order to mitigate the risks to young children, an early assessment of a parent with a mental illlness, close collaboration between mental health, social care and other involved professionals, and a comprehensive care package which aims to improve parental mental health health, reduce other risk factors and exploit parental strengths and protective social factors, are essential. Mental health professionals have an important role to play in achieving improved outcomes for children at risk and their families.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Evaluation of the factor structure of the Russian version of PID-5-BF
Authors: Zinchuk M. , Kustov G. , Gersamija A. , Yakovlev A. , Pashnin E. , Voinova N. , Popova S. , Guekht A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTraditional categorical classifications of personality disorders (PD) have been criticized for insufficient structural and cross-cultural validity. In the DSM-5 Section III, alternative model of the PDs (AMPD), the maladaptive personality traits are divided into five domains: negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item self-report questionnaire that measures the severity of each of these five domains. To date, no questionnaires assessing pathological personality traits following the AMPD have been validated in Russia.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the factor structure of the Russian version of PID-5-BF.MethodsFive hundred and 86 (female - 505 (86,2%), age - 18–77 years (M - 28.2, SD - 11.5)) consecutive inpatients with non-psychotic mental disorders were assessed with the Russian language version of the PID-5-BF. Exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) with Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares method of extraction and Robust Equamax rotation was performed in Factor v 11.04.02.ResultsThe results of the ESEM analysis showed good fit of the five-factor model (CFI - 0.982; TLI - 0.971; RMSEA (95% CI) - 0.036 (0.01-0.05). Most of the items had the highest factor loadings on their mother domains. However, two items showed weak loadings on their designated factors (<0.4), and attention seeking item had a primary load to (low) detachment instead of antagonism.ConclusionsThe PID-5-BF was found to be a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of the AMPD trait domainDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Phonemic fluency in post-ICU patients after severe COVID-19 infection: The role of cognitive reserve
Authors: Segú X. , Primé Tous M. , Sanchez M. , Valdesoiro F. , Rodriguez A. , Martín I. , Costas A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCognitive function may be impaired in COVID-19 patients, especially in executive functions such as phonemic fluency. Among risk factors, inflammation during hospitalization is related with worse cognitive performance in the long term. On the other side, it has been shown that cognitive reserve (CR) protects against cognitive impairment associated with brain damage, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.ObjectivesOur aim is to study the protective role of cognitive reserve in phonemic fluency to inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsWe enrolled a cohort of 102 severe SARS-CoV-2 survivors after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge and 58 agreed to participate in this 6-month follow-up study. Patients with previously known cognitive impairment were excluded. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. To assess the phonemic fluency, we used the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) controlling the effects of age and education. Inflammation was recorded according to the number of days with high CRP. ANCOVA analyses were used to test the effect of interaction between medical variables and cognitive reserve on phonemic fluency.ResultsThe COVID-19 inflammation interacted with CR in phonemic fluency (F= 6.47, p= 0.01), with worse performance in patients with low CR (mean 16.7 (10.2-23.3)) than those with high CR (mean 37.7 (34.3-41.2)) in function of number of days with high PCR during ICU stay.ConclusionsThe role of the cognitive reserve is important to reduce the cognitive impairment related with COVID-19 inflammation in post-ICU patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Predictors of Therapy Outcome in Eating Disorders: from Psychopathology to Personality
Authors: Fernandez-Aranda F. , Jimenez-Murcia S. , Granero R. 
Published: September 2022

Eating disorders are severe mental disorders, with high mortality rates and high incidence in adolescence and early adulthood, especially in women. The course of these disorders is uncertain and treatment outcomes are limited. Several factors such as duration of the disorder, dysfunctional personality traits and cognitive profiles, as well as genetic vulnerabilities, will influence adherence and response to treatment. In this presentation we will include recent results on prospective observational studies, analyzing personality and cognitive predictors of treatment response in eating disorders, as well as potential associated neurobiomarkers.DisclosureFFA received consultancy honoraria from Novo Nordisk and editorial honoraria as EIC from Wiley. The rest of the authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of
The image of a healthcare specialist on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic as a factor in the psychological stability of Internet users
Authors: Shaigerova L. , Zinchenko Y. , Vakhantseva O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAs publications on social media have become an important regulator of group opinions, moods and psychological well-being during the spread of COVID-19, it seems necessary to study the contribution of various information as a source of preserving the psychological resources of the population.ObjectivesTo analyze the content in communities created during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to assess the image of health professionals on social media.MethodsUsing datamining methods, we analyzed publications about medical staff in a large community ‘StopCoronavirus.RF’ which unites more than 400 thousand users.ResultsMore than 700 thousand entries were ‘liked’ in the community from March 2020 to March 2021; more than 125000 thousand posts were shared, about 290 thousand comments were written, and all community publications were viewed more than 3 billion times. Publications about medical staff working in the ‘red zones’ in Russia are distinguished by the largest number of ‘likes’ (more than 5000) and comments (more than 300). In the publications and comments, the model of modern heroes saving human lives is emphasized. This type of information contributes to the reduction of anxiety and promotion of psychological safety in case of COVID-19 contraction through establishing confidence in the competence of medical staff and their involvement in the fight against the pandemic.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the image of a doctor on social media during the pandemic has acquired special value for the population. Publications on the work of medical staff in the ‘red zones’ help to cope with anxiety associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-04-60174.DisclosureNo significant relationships.