bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel boron‐rich aluminum nitride advanced ceramic materials
Authors: Zagorac Dejan , Zagorac Jelena , Fonović Matej , Prikhna Tatiana , Matović Branko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAluminum nitride (AlN) and boron nitride (BN) are well‐known ceramic materials with numerous valuable properties, whereas recently there is a growing field of research on the AlN/BN advanced ceramic materials. Here, we present a study on boron‐rich AlN, structural and electronic properties, and structure–property relationship. Several AlxB1−xN solid solutions (x = 1, .875, .75, and .625) have been investigated, and structure optimization has been performed for four different structure types: h‐BN, wurtzite, sphalerite, and rock salt. First‐principles calculations were performed using hybrid B3LYP functional. New modifications and compounds have been predicted as a function of boron concentration in AlN, and especially, interesting phase transitions were found at extreme pressure conditions. Electronic properties and band structures were computed, and the possibility for bandgap tuning has been discovered. The present study, and especially the structure–property relationship, gives new possibilities for bandgap engineering in boron‐rich AlN electroceramic materials.
Incidence and risk factors of delayed wound healing in patients who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Li Jia , Jia Guoxing , Dong Wei , Zhao Feng , Zhao Zhenshuan , Yu Xiaoguang , Zhu Chaohua , Li Jun , Liu Sen , Jiang Xiangming , Liu Guobin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been proven as an ideal alternative surgical procedure to treat symptomatic isolated knee osteoarthritis, and recently this technique has gained its popularity. However, postoperative complications would inevitably compromise the effectiveness and patients' satisfaction. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the incidence and risk factors of delayed wound healing (DWH) after UKA. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from February 2021 to May 2022 and a total of 211 patients were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, operation‐related variables, and laboratory indexes were extracted. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to detect the optimum cut‐off value for continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to demonstrate the risk factors of DWH. There were 155 female and 56 male patients with an average age of 64. 6 ± 6.9 years included in this study. After 6.6 ± 4.9 months’ follow‐up, 12 cases of DWH were observed which indicated an incidence of DWH of 5.7%, mean wound healing duration for 12 patients was 43.1 ± 19.3 days. In the univariate analysis, age > 62.5 years, postoperative hospital stay < 5.5 days, surgical incision < 10.5 cm, barbed suture, body mass index (BMI) > 32.0 kg/m2, operation duration > 102.5 minutes, intraoperative blood loss > 102.5 mL, preoperative white blood cell count > 5.95*109/L, preoperative seroglobulin (GLB) > 29.6 g/L, postoperative total protein < 63.4 g/L, postoperative serum albumin < 36.4 g/L, and postoperative GLB > 26.8 g/L were significantly different between patients with and without DWH (P < .05). In final multivariate logistic analysis, results showed that intraoperative blood loss > 102.5 mL (odds ratio [OR], 3.09; P = .001), postoperative hospital stay < 5.5 days (OR, 1.74; P = .014), surgical incision < 10.5 cm (OR, 1.67; P = .000), and BMI > 32.0 kg/m2 (OR, 4.47; P = .022) were independent risk factors for DWH. DWH prolongs hospital stay in UKA patients and increases healthcare expenditure; also affected the implementation schedule of postoperative functional exercise plans. Surgeons should identify patients at risk, meanwhile, make timely and correct clinical interventions to decrease the incidence of this complication.
Childhood cancer survivors' and their parents' experiences with participation in a physical and social intervention during cancer treatment: A RESPECT study
Authors: Petersen Natasha Nybro , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard , Pouplier Anna , Schmidt‐Andersen Peter , Thorsteinsson Troels , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Fridh Martin Kaj 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis study explores experiences of childhood cancer survivors and their parents with a combined physical and social activity intervention during treatment, including how the survivors and their parents perceive physical activity post‐treatment.DesignA process evaluation using semi‐structured interviews.MethodsUsing a criterion‐sampling strategy, 18 Danish childhood cancer survivors (aged 11–18 years) and their parents were interviewed from September 2019 through May 2020. Data analysis used an inductive thematic approach focused on meaning.ResultsThree themes emerged: (1) being physically active during hospitalization; (2) peers as motivators and (3) physical activity post‐treatment. During hospitalization, daily motivation to do physical activity was dependent on the daily well‐being, that is, presence of the side effects from the child's treatment. Healthy classmates provided distraction, reduced loneliness and promoted normality for those hospitalized. For most of the survivors, their healthy peers provided motivation for being physically active during treatment. When surplus energy was lacking, some survivors preferred doing physical activity alone with a professional. Those who were physically active in the hospital sustained being physically active post‐treatment while their parents continued seeking advice about appropriate activity levels.ConclusionChildhood cancer survivors and their parents benefited from the intervention which also provided guidance to remaining physically active post‐treatment. This was particularly true for the participants with leukaemia.ImpactHealthcare professionals should support children with cancer to be physically active during hospitalization. Including social and physical components in their care plan and being aware of individual preferences is pivotal to improving the survivors' level of physical and social well‐being during and post‐treatment.Patient or Public ContributionThe participants were involved in designing the interview guides to ensure that the interview guides were understandable for the participants to provide rich descriptions of their experiences with a physical and social activity intervention during hospitalization.
Isolated nocturnal hypertension in relation to host and environmental factors and clock genes
Authors: Huang Jian‐Feng , Zhang Dong‐Yan , Sheng Chang‐Sheng , An De‐Wei , Li Mingxuan , Cheng Yi‐Bang , Guo Qian‐Hui , Wang Ying , Wang Ji‐Guang , Li Yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIsolated nocturnal hypertension (INH) is a special type of out‐of‐office hypertension. Its determinants and pathophysiology remain unclear. In a nested case‐control study, we intend to investigate the host, environmental, and genetic factors in relation to INH. Among 2030 outpatients screened from December 2008 till June 2015, 128 patients with INH were identified, and then 128 normotensives were matched according to sex and age. INH was an elevated nocturnal blood pressure (BP ≥120/70 mmHg) in the presence of a normal daytime BP (< 135/85 mmHg). Host factors included age, sex, body mass index, smoking and drinking, sleep time and duration, heart rate, serum lipids, and serum creatinine. Environmental cues encompassed season, ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and wind speed, and genetic cues 29 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 clock genes. Daytime and nighttime BPs averaged 124.9/80.7 and 114.5/73.7 mmHg, respectively, in the INH patients and 121.0/76.5 and 101.8/63.3 mmHg in the normotensive controls. Stepwise logistic regression analyses revealed that INH was associated with nighttime heart rate (P = .0018), sleep duration (P = .0499), and relative humidity (P = .0747). The odds ratios (95% CI) for each 10 beats/min faster nighttime heart rate and 10% lower relative humidity were 1.82 (1.25‐2.65) and 0.82 (0.67‐1.00), respectively. Irrespective of the genetic models, no significant association was observed between INH and the SNPs (P ≥ .054). In conclusion, INH was associated with host and environmental factors rather than genetic markers.
The unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor mediates the gravitropic response by modulating cytoskeleton organization and auxin transport in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Yi , Liu Fang , Liu Le , Zhu Mingyue , Yuan Jinfeng , Mai Yan‐Xia , Zou Jun‐Jie , Le Jie , Wang Yonghong , Palme Klaus , Li Xugang , Wang Yong , Wang Long 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTGravity‐induced root curvature involves the asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. This response depends on the concerted activities of the auxin transporters such as PIN‐FORMED (PIN) proteins for auxin efflux and AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1) for auxin influx. However, how the auxin gradient is established remains elusive. Here we identified a new mutant with a short root, strong auxin distribution in the lateral root cap and an impaired gravitropic response. The causal gene encoded an Arabidopsis homolog of the human unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor (URI). AtURI interacted with prefoldin 2 (PFD2) and PFD6, two β‐type PFD members that modulate actin and tubulin patterning in roots. The auxin reporter DR5rev:GFP showed that asymmetric auxin redistribution after gravistimulation is disordered in aturi‐1 root tips. Treatment with the endomembrane protein trafficking inhibitor brefeldin A indicated that recycling of the auxin transporter PIN2 is disrupted in aturi‐1 roots as well as in pfd mutants. We propose that AtURI cooperates with PFDs to recycle PIN2 and modulate auxin distribution.
Re‐Evaluating the Offshoring Decision: A Behavioural Approach to the Role of Performance Discrepancy
Authors: Elia Stefano , Goerzen Anthony , Piscitello Lucia , Valentino Alfredo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFirms are in a continuous process of critically re‐evaluating their offshoring strategies due to performance discrepancies. While prior research has focused on the implementation of organizational responses to performance shortfalls, we examine the offline search process, a key antecedent of organizational change, during which firms simultaneously explore alternative solutions when facing either a positive or a negative discrepancy between performance and aspirations. We adopt the Behavioural Theory of the Firm (BTOF) to investigate how the search process is affected by the size and nature (as being positive or negative) of the discrepancy as well as how it is moderated by cognitive biases. By examining 441 offshoring initiatives, we study firms' search processes in a novel context that refers either to ‘local’ solutions that are close to the current activity (i.e., expansion in the same host country) or ‘distant’ solutions that are far from the current one (i.e., relocation to a third country or to the home country). Our results provide new insights into organizational search, namely that performance shortfalls lead to distant search unless this choice is moderated by a location‐specific anchor bias relating to the strategic importance of host location, while positive discrepancies trigger local search with decision‐makers more inclined to consider expansion in the current host country.
Evaluation of Candida albicans Adherence to CAD‐CAM Milled, 3D‐Printed, and Heat‐Cured PMMA Resin and Efficacy of Different Disinfection Techniques: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Koujan Amir , Aggarwal Himanshi , Chen Po‐Hsu , Li Zhaofei , Givan Daniel A. , Zhang Ping , Fu Chin‐Chuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeCandida albicans has been regarded as the most predominant oral fungal pathogen and the main cause of denture stomatitis. This study aimed to investigate C. albicans adherence to three types of denture base polymers: heat‐cured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), CAD‐CAM milled and 3D‐printed. The efficacy of four common disinfection techniques, glutaraldehyde, brushing, microwave irradiation, and Polident overnight tablets, were also examined.Material and methodsSixty blocks of pink acrylic specimens were fabricated from each polymer group. To investigate the C. albicans adherence, as well as the efficacy of different disinfection techniques on removing the yeast from the different materials, specimens were cultured within the fungal culture overnight followed by disinfection. The adhered C. albicans on the materials were then obtained by vortexing in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and the numbers of the yeast in the suspensions were evaluated by measuring the optical density and/or colony‐forming units on agar plates. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (standard error of the mean). Statistical differences were evaluated by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the post hoc Tukey HSD tests.ResultsSignificant differences in C. albicans adherence to the three polymers were noted. CAD‐CAM milled and heat‐cured PMMA showed significantly less C. albicans adherence compared with 3D printed PMMA. No significant difference was noted between milled and heat‐cured PMMA. In the disinfection test, microwave irradiation, mechanical brushing, and Polident tablets were found to be effective in removing fungal attachment on the different denture materials, while glutaraldehyde was found to be the least effective.ConclusionC. albicans adherence to the polymers varies greatly based on the types of PMMA. 3D‐printed had the highest fungal biofilm attachment. Microwave irradiation, mechanical brushing, and Polident overnight tablets had comparable results in removing C. albicans from all types of PMMA, while glutaraldehyde was not as effective.
Joyful noise and abatement: idle chatter and the undercommons of oracy education
Authors: Rackley Lea , Bradford Tishawn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper imagines oracy education as a reaching‐out for connection with the irreducible socialities of black study. In the wake of imperialist functions of literacy, classroom talk has been left to defend its value against traditionalist views which rebuke, as one UK education minister put it, “idle chatter in class.” We argue that oracy education risks doubling down on the value system outlined by this rebuke – and the white settler‐colonial onto/auto‐epistemology mobilised therein – if it measures the value of talk within this purview. We follow the undercommons of black study and the poetics of relation toward revaluations of idle chatter and noise as modes of thought. We explore the abundant participations of noise beyond the colonial errand of abatement, and we elaborate the relational stakes that idle chatter may invent. We reorient the stakes of the learning conversation with its single guiding lesson into the vibrant jazz riff of a learning cacophony that leaves the continuous echo of possible lessons behind it, proposing new ways of valuing oracy education and new possibilities for participation. Our chatty inquiry practices this ethics, overlapping our shared classroom experiences with discussions of theory and our discussions of theory with yet new possible experiences.
Optimization and performance of metafoundations for seismic isolation of small modular reactors
Authors: Guner Tugberk , Bursi Oreste S. , Erlicher Silvano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to study the seismic mitigation of a typical nuclear small modular reactor (SMR) where extreme loading conditions are considered by the safe shutdown earthquake. For this purpose, to reproduce the main dynamic properties of the reactor's reinforced concrete system, a detailed structural model was synthetized, also taking into account the presence of the reactor pools. Thus, to protect the reactor from strong earthquakes, finite locally resonant multiple degrees of freedom metafoundations were developed; and resonator parameters were optimized by means of an improved frequency domain multivariate and multiobjective optimization procedure. Also, the stochastic nature of the seismic input was taken into account. It is proposed: (i) a linear metafoundation endowed with multiple cells, linear springs, and linear viscous dampers; and (ii) a foundation equipped with additional nonlinear vertical quasi‐zero stiffness (QZS) cells. QZS cells were obtained by horizontally precompressed springs in an unstable state with vertical springs in parallel. With this arrangement, additional flexibility and dissipation against nonsymmetrical modes of the SMR and vertical seismic loadings are proposed. It was shown in both cases, how each metafoundation was successfully optimized via a sensitivity‐based parameter grouping strategy and a hybrid grid searching algorithm. Thus, the performance of the optimized metafoundations was assessed by means of frequency and time history analyses; and finally, results were compared with an SMR endowed with both rigid foundation and conventional base‐isolation solutions.
Voriconazole is superior to combined itraconazole/isotretinoin therapy and itraconazole monotherapy in recalcitrant dermatophytosis
Authors: Khattab Fathia , Elkholy Basma M. , Taha Mohamed , Abd‐Elbaset Aya , Fawzy Manal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere has been an emergence of recalcitrant, recurrent, and difficult‐to‐treat tinea. Monotherapy with oral antifungals leads to partial clearance or high recurrence of lesions. Isotretinoin is a good adjuvant to systemic antifungals in chronic dermatophytosis. Voriconazole could be a future alternative due to its efficacy against dermatophytes and little resistance.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral itraconazole, combined itraconazole/isotretinoin therapy, and voriconazole for recalcitrant tinea.Patients and MethodsThis study included 90 patients with chronic, recurrent and/or recalcitrant tinea. They were equally divided into three groups: itraconazole monotherapy, combined itraconazole/isotretinoin therapy, and voriconazole monotherapy. All patients received treatments for 6 weeks. The clinical response was classified as either a complete or incomplete clinical cure. Potassium hydroxide microscopy and culture were performed to identify mycological cure. Patients with complete cure were followed up for another 6 months to detect any recurrence.ResultsComplete clinical cure was observed in 53.3% of the itraconazole group, 70% of the itraconazole/isotretinoin group, and 83.3% of the voriconazole group. Mycological cure was detected in 56.7% of the itraconazole group, 83.3% of the itraconazole/isotretinoin group, and 86.7% of the voriconazole group. There was a statistically significant difference between the three groups in favour of voriconazole, then the combined group. No significant adverse effects were observed. The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the voriconazole group compared with the other two groups.ConclusionsVoriconazole could be a future alternative for the treatment of recalcitrant dermatophytosis.
Leadless pacemaker implantation in dextrocardia with situs viscerum inversus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bontempi Luca , Fundaliotis Angelica , Moretti Marina , Sammartino Antonio Maria , Saino Antonio Tommaso , Arabia Gianmarco , Pitì Antonino , Curnis Antonio , Dell'Aquila Andrea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLeadless pacemaker implantation (LPI) has fewer device complications and reduced chance of infection compared to conventional pacemakers. Dextrocardia with situs viscerum inversus (DC+SVI) is a rare condition, which seldom leads to cardiac complications. However, its presence poses a challenge to operators in cardiac procedures. LPI reports in DC patients are scarce. We report a case of LPI in a DC+SVI patient, followed by a brief but comprehensive literature review.
Rethinking Global Food Demand for 2050
Authors: Falcon Walter P. , Naylor Rosamond L. , Shankar Nikhil D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPublished estimates of 2050 food demand exhibit an enormous range of values. This paper projects a 50–60 percent increase in total global food demand between 2019 and 2050. Our analysis indicates a substantial slowing of rice demand, a growing share of palm oil in world fats and oils markets, and a continued shift to poultry as the dominant form of meat consumption. In contrast to most existing food models, we integrate fish consumption into the analysis of vegetable and animal protein and highlight the dangers of using commonly cited feed ratios for projecting feed grain demand. More broadly, we demonstrate the value of a commodity by region approach for understanding complexities in the world food system.
Design and validation of a codominant molecular marker for fruit acidity in muskmelon (Cucumis melo)
Authors: Dattha Reddy Geddi Purna , Eguru Sreenivasa Rao , Lakshmanareddy Dhoranalapalli Chinnapareddy , Sudhakar Rao Darisi Venkata , Yuvaraj Kotha Madduri , Syamsundar Reddy Petlur 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to analyse a germplasm panel of 92 Cucumis sp. accessions predominantly from India for fruit acidity and validate the involvement of ‘CmpH’ locus for this trait through design of suitable marker and association analysis. Among 92 accessions, 28 accessions were found to be sour with fruit pH < 5.0 and titratable acidity value >0.20%. We designed a primer pair ‘Dupl‐12’ flanking the causal polymorphism of 12 bp duplication in the earlier reported candidate gene ‘CmpH’ for fruit acidity. It amplified two types of alleles (180 and 192 bp) depending upon the absence or presence of 12 bp duplication and was codominant in nature. This was used to perform association analysis in the germplasm panel and was found to be significantly associated with titratable acidity (R2 = 73.43%) and pH (R2 = 70.76%), validating the role of ‘CmpH’ gene for fruit acidity. ‘Dupl‐12’ marker can therefore be employed for marker‐assisted transfer of acidity into elite backgrounds.
Assessment of functional relevance of genes associated with local temperature variables in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Jiang Yuan , Wang Zhixue , Du Hui , Dong Runlong , Yuan Yaping , Hua Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHow likely genetic variations associated with environment identified in silico from genome wide association study are functionally relevant to environmental adaptation has been largely unexplored experimentally. Here we analyzed top 29 genes containing polymorphisms associated with local temperature variation (minimum, mean, maximum) among 1129 natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Their loss‐of‐function mutants were assessed for growth and stress tolerance at five temperatures. Twenty genes were found to affect growth or tolerance at one or more of these temperatures. Significantly, genes associated with maximum temperature more likely have a detect a function at higher temperature, while genes associated with minimum temperature more likely have a function at lower temperature. In addition, gene variants are distributed more frequently at geographic locations where they apparently offer an enhanced growth or tolerance for five genes tested. Furthermore, variations in a large proportion of the in silico identified genes associated with minimum or mean‐temperatures exhibited a significant association with growth phenotypes experimentally assessed at low temperature for a small set of natural accessions. This study shows a functional relevance of gene variants associated with environmental variables and supports the feasibility of the use of local temperature factors in investigating the genetic basis of temperature adaptation.