bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No Association Was Found Between Mild Iodine Deficiency During Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes: a Follow-up Study Based on a Birth Registry
Authors: Cui Xueying , Yu Huiting , Wang Zhengyuan , Wang Hai , Shi Zehuan , Jin Wei , Song Qi , Guo Changyi , Tang Hongmei , Zang Jiajie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Severe iodine deficiency during gestation is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, the impact of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency, though prevalent in pregnancy, remains unclear.

Methods
We extracted follow-up data for 7435 pregnant women from a national iodine deficiency disorders monitoring program from 2016 to 2018 and a mother–child cohort study in 2017 based on a birth registry in Shanghai. Birth outcomes were collected from the registry. Spot urine and household salt samples were collected for iodine testing. Single-factor analysis and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between maternal iodine status and pregnancy outcomes.

Results
The median urine iodine level in pregnant women was 137.5 μg/L (interquartile range 82.4–211.5), suggesting mild deficiency according to WHO standards. The incidence of pregnancy termination, preterm birth, congenital malformations, low birth weight, and cesarean section was 3.2%, 4.3%, 1.4%, 2.7%, and 45.2% in the mildly iodine-deficient group and 3.4%, 4.5%, 1.4%, 2.7%, and 44.5% in the normal group, respectively. After adjusting for maternal age and education, trimesters, and preterm birth rate in the general population, the odds ratios for any outcome did not differ significantly between the two groups.

Conclusion
The present study suggests that mild maternal iodine deficiency is not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Erotik als Teil Sozialer Arbeit
Authors: Brückner Margrit 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungZunächst werden Verhältnisse zwischen Erotik – Sexualität – Liebe ausgelotet. Anschließend geht es um historischen und gesellschaftlichen Wandel dieser Verhältnisse. Dann werden erotische Gehalte von Beziehungen in der Sozialen Arbeit und der professionelle Umgang mit ihnen diskutiert. Zuletzt gibt es einen Ausblick auf die notwendige Demokratisierung der zwischenmenschlichen Sphäre.
Pediatric medulloblastoma express immune checkpoint B7-H3
Authors: Li S. , Poolen G. C. , van Vliet L. C. , Schipper J. G. , Broekhuizen R. , Monnikhof M. , Van Hecke W. , Vermeulen J. F. , Bovenschen N. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Medulloblastomas (MB) are highly malignant brain tumors that predominantly occur in young infants. Immunotherapy to boost the immune system is emerging as a novel promising approach, but is often hampered by inhibitory immune checkpoints. In the present study, we have studied immune checkpoint B7-H3 expression in a tissue cohort of human pediatric MB.

Methods
Expression of B7-H3 was detected by immunohistochemistry and classified via B7-H3 staining intensity and percentage of B7-H3 positive tumor cells. Subsequently, B7-H3 protein expression was distinguished in MB molecular subtypes and correlated to immune cell infiltrates, patient characteristics, and survival.

Results
B7-H3 protein expression was found in 23 out of 24 (96%) human pediatric MB cases and in 17 out of 24 (71%) MB cases > 25% of tumor cells had any level of B7-H3 expression. B7-H3 protein expression was more frequent on Group-4 MB as compared with other molecular subtypes (p = 0.02). Tumors with high B7-H3 expression showed less influx of γδT cells (p = 0.002) and CD3+ T cells (p = 0.041).

Conclusion
Immune checkpoint B7-H3 is differentially expressed by the large majority of pediatric MB. This further warrants the development of novel B7-H3-directed (immuno)therapeutic methods for children with incurable, metastatic, or chemo-resistant MB.
Spectral Stability of the $${\overline{\partial }}-$$Neumann Laplacian: Domain Perturbations
Authors: Fu Siqi , Zhu Weixia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe study spectral stability of the$${\bar{\partial }}$$∂¯-Neumann Laplacian on a bounded domain in$${\mathbb {C}}^n$$Cnwhen the underlying domain is perturbed. In particular, we establish upper semi-continuity properties for the variational eigenvalues of the$${\bar{\partial }}$$∂¯-Neumann Laplacian on bounded pseudoconvex domains in$${\mathbb {C}}^n$$Cn, lower semi-continuity properties on pseudoconvex domains that satisfy property (P), and quantitative estimates on smooth bounded pseudoconvex domains of finite D’Angelo type in$${\mathbb {C}}^n$$Cn.
Trans Masculinity: Comparing Trans Masculine Individuals’ and Cisgender Men’s Conformity to Hegemonic Masculinity
Authors: Anzani Annalisa , Decaro Sofia Pavanello , Prunas Antonio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Masculinity and masculine norms are still relevant in the current social context. Literature showed that some masculine norms could be considered protective health buffers, while traditional masculinity has negative consequences on men’s behaviors, relationships, and health.

Methods
In the present study, we aimed at investigating trans masculine and cisgender men’s levels of adherence to different dimensions of hegemonic masculinity. A total of 200 participants (100 trans masculine people and 100 cisgender men) took part in the study.

Results
Results exhibit that trans masculine individuals showed higher scores than cisgender men on the dimensions of emotional control and self-reliance, whereas cisgender men showed higher endorsement of norms such as heterosexual self-presentation and power over women.

Conclusions
Results are discussed in light of the minority stress model and masculinity threat theory.

Policy Implications
The present work should act as a reminder of the pressure that trans masculine people may feel to conform to certain aspects of hegemonic masculinity. This may have the adaptive function of protecting them from the discrimination and threats that they expect from others.
Hilfebedarfe pflegender Angehöriger von onkologischen Patienten im Raum Erfurt
Authors: Drossel Matthias , Sperling Daniela 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDurch die zunehmende Ambulantisierung in der Krebstherapie steigen die Anforderungen an pflegende Angehörige, die den onkologisch Erkrankten unterstützend zur Seite stehen. Die Belastungen, die diese als informell Pflegende im Laufe der Pflegezeit empfinden, verstärken sich über die Dauer. Spezielle Unterstützungs- und Hilfsangebote können diese Belastungen reduzieren. Das Ziel der Untersuchung ist, Hilfebedarfe pflegender Angehöriger speziell im Raum Erfurt zu ermitteln und das bereits bestehende Angebotsspektrum in diesem Gebiet darzustellen. Dazu wurden in zwei Forschungsschritten Experten und informell Pflegende mithilfe leitfadengestützter Interviews befragt. Hierbei zeigte sich ein Defizit in der Verfügbarkeit von Hilfsangeboten, die speziell an informell Pflegende gerichtet sind. Die informell Pflegenden sind jedoch nur selten über Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten informiert. Aus diesem Grund muss die informelle Pflege im onkologischen Bereich durch gezielte, frühzeitige Information und Beratung über Unterstützungsleistungen und eine Erweiterung des Angebotsspektrums gestärkt werden.
In-situ TEM studies on stick-slip friction characters of sp2 nanocrystallited carbon films
Authors: Fan Xue , Hu Zelong , Huang Wenchao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCarbon films with two different kinds of sp2 nanocrystallited structure were investigated to study the stick-slip friction with the in-situ and ex-situ tests. In-situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation and nanofriction tests revealed that the origins of stick and slip varied with shear stress and film deformation. At the stick stage, shear stress gradually increased with the contact strengthened until reached the shear strength to break the interfacial adhesion; at the slip stage, the shear stress decreased and accompanied with film deformation. During the sliding process, adhesive deformation resulted in the large stick-slip step while ploughing deformation led to a smoother step. Ex-situ nanofriction tests on a series of sp2 nanocrystallited carbon films with different irradiation energies showed the expected sliding behavior with the in-situ results. This study first clarified the mechanism of stick-slip friction with the in-situ TEM observation, which plays the important role for the micro and nano application of sp2 nanocrystallited carbon films.
Electricity Markets in a Time of Change: A Call to Arms for Business Research
Authors: Bichler Martin , Buhl Hans Ulrich , Knörr Johannes , Maldonado Felipe , Schott Paul , Waldherr Stefan , Weibelzahl Martin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEurope’s clean energy transition is imperative to combat climate change and represents an economic opportunity to become independent of fossil fuels. As such, the energy transition has become one of the most important, but also one of the most challenging economic and societal projects today. Electricity systems of the past were characterized by price-inelastic demand and only a small number of large electricity generators. The transition towards intermittent renewable energy sources changes this very paradigm. Future electricity systems will consist of many thousands of electricity generators and consumers that actively participate in markets, offering flexibility to balance variable electricity supply in markets with a high spatial and temporal resolution. These structural changes have ample consequences for market operators, generators, industrial consumers as well as prosumers. While a large body of the literature is devoted to the energy transition in engineering and the natural sciences, it has received relatively little attention in the recent business research literature, even though many of the central challenges for a successful energy transition are at the core of business research. Therefore, we provide an up-to-date overview of key questions in electricity market design and discuss how changes in electricity markets lead to new research challenges in business research disciplines such as accounting, business & information systems engineering, finance, marketing, operations management, operations research, and risk management.
Effects of Metal-Polycation Pillaring and Exchangeable Cations on Aflatoxin Adsorption by Smectite
Authors: Khan Ahmad , Akhtar Mohammad Saleem , Akbar Saba , Khan Khalid Saifullah , Iqbal Mazhar , Barrientos-Velazquez Ana , Deng Youjun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNatural smectites bind aflatoxins from water effectively, but the complex chemical environment in the guts of mammals and other animals can limit binding of aflatoxins. Many efforts have been made to enhance the adsorption capacity and affinity of smectites for aflatoxins in the presence of biological compounds. The main objective of the present study was to modify smectite structures by pillaring and cation exchange to enhance aflatoxin B1 adsorption capacity and selectivity. Smectite was pillared with Al and Al-Fe polycations or saturated with Ca, Mg, Zn, or Li. Structural changes in smectites with or without heat treatment were determined using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Equilibrium aflatoxin B1 adsorption to the smectites was measured in aqueous solution and in simulated gastric fluid. Pillaring with the polycations expanded smectites in the z-direction to 18.6 Å and the expansion was stable after heating at 500°C. Changes in the Al–OH–Al infrared bands in the stretching region supported the formation of pillared clays. Migration of Mg, Zn, and Li into the octahedral sites of the smectite was observed as Mg and Zn saturation yielded a d spacing of 15 Å at 200°C which collapsed to 9.6 Å at 400°C. The 14.6 Å peak of the Li-saturated smectite collapsed to 9.6 Å at 200°C while the 15 Å Ca-saturated smectite peak was stable up to 400°C. The unheated Al- and AlFe-pillared smectites adsorbed significantly more aflatoxin B1 from an aqueous suspension than did unpillared clay. In both water and simulated gastric fluid, heat treatment decreased aflatoxin B1 adsorption to pillared smectites, but heat treatment increased aflatoxin B1 adsorption to unpillared smectites. Without heat treatment, smectites saturated with divalent cations (Ca, Mg, Zn) adsorbed more aflatoxin B1 from an aqueous suspension than the smectite saturated with a monovalent cation (Li). Ca-saturated smectite showed the greatest aflatoxin B1 adsorption, 114 g kg–1, from aqueous suspension after 400°C heat treatment. The Zn-, Mg-, and Li-saturated smectites showed maximum aflatoxin adsorption of 107, 93, and 90 g kg–1, respectively, after 200°C heat treatment. From simulated gastric fluid with pepsin, the 200°C heated, Zn-saturated smectite had maximum aflatoxin B1 adsorption of 68 g kg–1. Pillared smectites effectively adsorbed aflatoxin B1 from aqueous suspension, but Ca- and Zn-saturated smectites after heat treatment might improve the selectivity of smectites for aflatoxin B1 over pepsin and enhance the efficacy of smectite as a feed additive.
Circulating Innate Lymphoid Cells Exhibit Distinctive Distribution During Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Zhao Yiran , Zhu Yajie , Chen Xi , Lin Hui , Qin Ningxin , Zhou Zhiyang , Liu Han , Hao Yanhui , Zhou Chengliang , Liu Xinmei , Jin Li , Sheng Jianzhong , Huang Hefeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOver the past decades, the investigation of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has revealed their significance in successful pregnancy. Sex hormones, such as estradiol and progesterone, show specific changes during pregnancy and modulate both adaptive and innate immune systems. ILC subset distribution in peripheral blood of pregnant women and its potential association with sex hormone levels have not been well revealed. Peripheral blood was obtained from healthy non-pregnant, early-pregnant, and late-pregnant women. Radioimmunoassay was performed to measure plasma estradiol and progesterone levels. The levels of type 1 ILCs (ILC1s), type 2 ILCs (ILC2s), type 3 ILCs (ILC3s), and total ILCs as well as estrogen and progesterone receptors of ILC2s in peripheral blood were analyzed using flow cytometry. The proportion of total ILCs and distribution of ILC subsets in peripheral blood changed dynamically during pregnancy. Compared to non-pregnant women, late-pregnant women displayed significantly higher proportion of circulating ILCs, among which ILC2s accounted for the majority in late-pregnant women while a smaller part in others, and ILC3s displayed the opposite. Plasma estradiol and progesterone levels elevated while pregnancy proceeded and the expression of their receptors in ILC2s increased consisted with the proportion of circulating ILC2s. Our work first observed the existence of progesterone receptors in human circulating ILC2s and revealed the distribution pattern of circulating ILC subsets and their interrelation with plasma sex hormone levels during pregnancy. Our results suggested that the estradiol and progesterone levels might partly influence the distribution of circulating ILC subsets and implied the interplay between circulating ILCs and pregnancy.
Deception in everyday life of Japanese young adults: a reanalysis
Authors: Murai Jun’ichiro , Daiku Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVery little research has focused on the subject of lying in everyday life, despite the benefits such study would provide. In this paper, we reanalyze the data from Murai’s work in 2000, which examined the telling of lies and the perception of being lied to in daily life by using a diary method in which participants recorded events in a diary for a certain period of time as directed by the researcher. Our reanalysis led us to three key findings. First, we found one prolific liar in the data. This is relevant because previous deception studies have only discussed the existence of “a few prolific liars” in Asia through one-shot surveys, whereas we confirm it through the reanalysis of the data collected by the diary method. Second, we did not find any significant rank correlation between the number of lies told and the number of perceptions of lies, nor was there evidence of any “prolific lie perceivers”. Third, we found that the mean percentage of the subjective accuracy of recording was roughly 80%, which demonstrates the accuracy of the diary method. In this paper, we report our findings, discuss the limitations (in particular, the small sample size), and mention future research directions using the diary method in deception studies.
Common Health Issues Encountered by Ultraendurance Ocean Rowers
Authors: Galsworthy William J.H. , Carr James A.J. , Hearn Russell P. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Ocean rowing is an extreme ultraendurance sport in which athletes push themselves to their mental and physical limits while rowing across an ocean. Limited academic attention has meant health issues facing this population are poorly understood. This report provides a descriptive analysis of the injuries and illnesses encountered by ocean rowers at sea and suggests potential preventative measures. Methods Retrospective self-reported data were collected from ocean rowers via an online 29-question survey, classified by medical system, and totaled to produce a report of the most frequently encountered symptoms. Results Seventy-one ocean rowers, accounting for 86 ocean rowing attempts, completed the survey. Dermatologic symptoms formed 52% (n=169) of all reported issues, followed by musculoskeletal injuries (14%; n=45), mental health symptoms (11%; n=36), gastrointestinal symptoms (5%; n=16), and neurologic symptoms (2%). Gluteal pressure sores were the most common dermatologic symptoms (24%; n=40), hallucinations the most common mental health symptoms (69%; n=25), hand and finger issues the most reported musculoskeletal problems (36%; n=16); vomiting (38%) and headaches (50%) were the most common gastrointestinal and neurologic issues, respectively. Seasickness was reported in 42% of expeditions (n=33). Conclusions This report presents the physiological, mental, and medical challenges facing ocean rowers. Dermatologic and musculoskeletal issues were most common and varied greatly in severity. Over 90% of reported infections occurred as a dermatologic complaint, demonstrating the importance of preventative measures such as hygiene and wound care. Continued work with a larger population is required to further understand the physiological stress and medical complaints associated with transoceanic rowing.
The Waiver of Certain Intellectual Property Rights Provisions of the TRIPS for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID-19: A Review of the Proposal under WTO Jurisprudence
Authors: Zaman Khorsed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article is a critical legal analysis of the proposed TRIPS waiver under World Trade Organization (WTO) law. It reviews the existing TRIPS flexibilities and the “August 2003 TRIPS waiver”, highlighting the obstacles to achieving the goals of these legal instruments. It demonstrates that numerous critical TRIPS flexibilities, notably TRIPS Article 31bis, are ineffective, prompting some countries to submit a new waiver proposal to the WTO. It highlights several WTO rules that are also quite ambiguous. This paper argues that a WTO clarification might be an alternative to the new TRIPS waiver proposal if it is ultimately rejected due to a lack of consensus among WTO members. Finally, this article emphasises the importance of adopting a balanced approach that may simplify complicated TRIPS rules, decrease the risk of trade-based retaliation and improve collaboration in knowledge transfer and scaling up the manufacture of and access to lifesaving vaccines, pharmaceuticals and healthcare equipment.
The Signature of Metasomatized Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle in the Basaltic Magmatism of the Payenia Volcanic Province, Argentina
Authors: Chilson‐Parks Benjamin H. , Calabozo Fernando M. , Saal Alberto E. , Wang Zhengrong , Mallick Soumen , Petrinovic Ivan A. , Frey Frederick A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Payenia region of Argentina (34.5–38°S) is a large Pliocene‐Quaternary volcanic province of basaltic compositions in the Andean Cordillera foothills representing the northernmost extent of back‐arc volcanism in the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ). Although the chemical diversity of the Payenia basalts has been characterized previously, the processes and sources responsible for such variation remain controversial. Here, we report new whole‐rock major and trace element concentrations, Sr‐, Nd‐, Hf‐, and Pb‐isotope ratios and high‐precision olivine oxygen‐isotope ratios in a suite of 35 alkaline basalts from Payenia. These lavas have major and trace elements that define a compositional range from arc‐influenced to intraplate signature. Variable crustal contamination and/or recent slab‐derived inputs inadequately account for elemental and isotopic systematics and spatial compositional variations of Payenia lavas. We present a simple forward model indicating that early metasomatism and subsequent melting of the metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) has significantly contributed to the Payenia lava compositional range. Isotopic ingrowth calculations of radiogenic Sr, Nd, Hf, and Pb suggest that the SCLM metasomatism occurred at 50–150 Ma, consistent with the timing of the breakup of Gondwana and the development of the proto‐Pacific Andean arc. Variations in δ18Oolivine values from modeled melts indicate that the metasomatism and melting within the SCLM can fractionate oxygen isotopes even when the metasomatizing melt has MORB‐like δ18O values, providing a different explanation for the low‐δ18O signatures observed in continental arc settings.
Spatial Variation and Frequency Dependence of Lg Wave Attenuation With Site Response Correction Along the CCSE Array in Central California, US
Authors: Yun Jeena , Kim YoungHee , Clayton Robert W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe estimate lateral Lg wave attenuation (Q) structure at four center frequencies (0.75, 1, 2 and 2.75 Hz) along the Central California Seismic Experiment array in western US crossing the San Andreas Fault and Central Valley. We take two steps in constructing the site‐response‐corrected Lg Q model: (a) we compute relative site responses at each station using the reverse two‐station method, and (b) we estimate Q values based on the two‐station method after removing the site term. Removal of the site response in the Q model allows to probe laterally varying Q properties at mid‐to‐lower crustal depths. Our model follows a power‐law frequency dependence as , reflecting the active tectonic setting and the presence of fluids in the region. A change in lithology from softer sediments near Pacific coast to harder basements near Sierra Nevada correlates well with the increasing trend of the Lg Q values towards east. Our laterally varying estimates at lower frequencies generally follow the variation of shear‐wave velocities at deeper crustal depth and Moho temperature, whereas those at higher frequencies mostly follow the shear‐wave velocity variation at shallow depth. Positive site responses obtained by reverse two‐station method are found at 34 stations out of total 46 stations examined, and their responses are mostly correlated with surficial lithology (i.e., sedimentary rocks) along the profile, rather than the thickness of the sediments. The site responses also exhibit a strong negative correlation to the VS30 data.