bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetic Study of 2 Edoxaban Tablets in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Liu Lihua , Li Xin , Liu Yujie , Xu Bing , Li Yuan , Yuan Fang , Zhang Ping , Tu Shengqing , Hu Wenhui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the bioequivalence of 2 orally administered edoxaban 60‐mg tablets and the food effects on the pharmacokinetics of edoxaban. Sixty‐four healthy Chinese subjects participated in this open‐label, randomized, 2‐sequence, 4‐period, crossover study. All subjects randomly received 60‐mg generic (test) or branded (reference) edoxaban tablet in each period. Plasma edoxaban concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The pharmacokinetic parameters maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) were compared to assess bioequivalence. The geometric least‐squares mean ratios for Cmax, AUC from time 0 to the last measurable time point (AUC0‐t), and AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0‐∞) were 97.0%, 95.4%, and 96.1%, respectively, in the fasting test, and 98.6%, 100.0%, and 99.8%, respectively, in the fed test. Food increased exposure and prolonged the time to maximum concentration of edoxaban. Both formulations displayed comparable safety profiles, with no serious adverse events reported. The 2 products of edoxaban tablets are bioequivalent and safe in healthy Chinese volunteers. Food may have a modest effect on the pharmacokinetic properties of edoxaban.
Behavioral responses of a parasitoid fly to rapidly evolving host signals
Authors: Broder E. Dale , Gallagher James H. , Wikle Aaron W. , Venable Cameron P. , Zonana David M. , Ingley Spencer J. , Smith Tanner C. , Tinghitella Robin M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAnimals eavesdrop on signals and cues generated by prey, predators, hosts, parasites, competing species, and conspecifics, and the conspicuousness of sexual signals makes them particularly susceptible. Yet, when sexual signals evolve, most attention is paid to impacts on intended receivers (potential mates) rather than fitness consequences for eavesdroppers. Using the rapidly evolving interaction between the Pacific field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus, and the parasitoid fly, Ormia ochracea, we asked how parasitoids initially respond to novel changes in host signals. We recently discovered a novel sexual signal, purring song, in Hawaiian populations of T. oceanicus that appears to have evolved because it protects the cricket from the parasitoid while still allowing males to attract female crickets for mating. In Hawaii, there are no known alternative hosts for the parasitoid, so we would expect flies to be under selection to detect and attend to the new purring song. We used complementary field and laboratory phonotaxis experiments to test fly responses to purring songs that varied in many dimensions, as well as to ancestral song. We found that flies strongly prefer ancestral song over purring songs in both the field and the lab, but we caught more flies to purring songs in the field than reported in previous work, indicating that flies may be exerting some selective pressure on the novel song. When played at realistic amplitudes, we found no preferences–flies responded equally to all purrs that varied in frequency, broadbandedness, and temporal measures. However, our lab experiment did reveal the first evidence of preference for purring song amplitude, as flies were more attracted to purrs played at amplitudes greater than naturally occurring purring songs. As purring becomes more common throughout Hawaii, flies that can use purring song to locate hosts should be favored by selection and increase in frequency.
A companion to the preclinical common data elements for rodent genetic epilepsy models. A report of the TASK3‐WG1B: Paediatric and genetic models working group of the ILAE/AES joint translational TASK force
Authors: Mantegazza Massimo , Auvin Stėphane , Barker‐Haliski Melissa , Katsarou Anna‐Maria , Kubova Hana , Galanopoulou Aristea S. , Semple Bridgette , Reid Christopher A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRodent models of epilepsy remain the cornerstone of research into the mechanisms underlying genetic epilepsy. Reproducibility of experiments using these rodent models, occurring across a diversity of laboratories and commercial vendors, remains an issue impacting the cost‐effectiveness and scientific rigor of the studies performed. Here, we present two case report forms (CRFs) describing common data elements (CDE) for genetic rodent models, developed by the TASK3‐WG1B Working Group of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE)/American Epilepsy Society (AES) Joint Translational Task Force. The first CRF relates to genetic rodent models that have been engineered based on variants described in epilepsy patients. The second CRF encompasses both spontaneous and inbred rodent models. This companion piece describes the elements and discusses the important factors to consider before documenting each required element. These CRFs provide tools that allow investigators to more uniformly describe core experimental data on different genetic models across laboratories, with the aim of improving experimental reproducibility and thus translational impact of such studies.
The relationship between interhemispheric synchrony, morphine and microstructural development of the corpus callosum in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Failla Alberto , Filatovaite Lauryna , Wang Xiaowan , Vanhatalo Sampsa , Dudink Jeroen , de Vries Linda S. , Benders Manon , Stevenson Nathan , Tataranno Maria Luisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe primary aim of this study is to examine whether bursting interhemispheric synchrony (bIHS) in the first week of life of infants born extremely preterm, is associated with microstructural development of the corpus callosum (CC) on term equivalent age magnetic resonance imaging scans. The secondary aim is to address the effects of analgesics such as morphine, on bIHS in extremely preterm infants. A total of 25 extremely preterm infants (gestational age [GA] < 28 weeks) were monitored with the continuous two‐channel EEG during the first 72 h and after 1 week from birth. bIHS was analyzed using the activation synchrony index (ASI) algorithm. Microstructural development of the CC was assessed at ~ 30 and ~ 40 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) using fractional anisotropy (FA) measurements. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess the primary and secondary aim. Analyses were adjusted for important clinical confounders: morphine, birth weight z‐score, and white matter injury score. Due to the reduced sample size, only the most relevant variables, according to literature, were included. ASI was not significantly associated with FA of the CC at 30 weeks PMA and at 40 weeks PMA (p > .5). ASI was positively associated with the administration of morphine (p < .05). Early cortical synchrony may be affected by morphine and is not associated with the microstructural development of the CC. More studies are needed to evaluate the long‐term effects of neonatal morphine treatment to optimize sedation in this high‐risk population.
Photo‐induced energy and charge transfer dynamics in Y6 dimers
Authors: Si Qinqin , Lian Man , Zhao Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractY6 (BTP‐4F) is one of the novel non‐fullerene acceptors and its photo‐physics significantly affects the efficiency of organic solar cells. Here, the photo‐induced energy and charge transfer (CT) dynamics in four typical dimers (Y, C, S1, and S2)‐TYPE from Y6 films are revealed by combining electronic structure theory calculations, rate theories, and quantum dynamics simulations. The rate theories show that in ground‐state CT processes the Y‐TYPE is bipolar with the largest rate among all dimers, and in excitation energy transfer the triplet rates are about 105 smaller than the singlet ones, however, the singlet rates can reach 1013s−1, which may lead to the rate theories invalid. The stochastic Schrödinger equation based on the diabatic Hamiltonian is thus adopted to reveal excited‐state dynamics. The results show that three of the four dimers are H‐aggregate except for S1‐TYPE with J‐aggregate property. However, these J/H‐aggregate properties are excited‐state dependent, for instance, the Y‐TYPE becomes J‐aggregate in the second excited‐state. Furthermore, CT states are strongly mixed with the first two excited states, which can dramatically impact the energy transfer. Indeed, the dynamic simulations clarify that the excited‐state energy relaxation mediated by CT states can be performed in the first 20 fs, and the CT‐state population is even non‐negligible in the quasi‐stationary distribution.
Folate receptor‐positive circulating tumor cells in the preoperative diagnosis of indeterminate pulmonary nodules
Authors: Li Zhixin , Cai Jianqiao , Zhao Yongqiang , Cai Jie , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of FR + CTC to distinguish lung cancer from benign lung disease has been well studied. However, the effective method to differentiate precursor glandular lesions from benign/malignant pulmonary diseases is rare.Methods380 patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules were prospectively recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants before surgery for analyzing FR + CTC levels. The performance of FR + CTC to identify lung precursor lesions were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsFR + CTC can effectively differentiate precursor from benign pulmonary diseases in all included patients (cutoff: 9.22 FU/3 ml, AUC = 0.807, (p < 0.0001, sensitivity: 69.17%, specificity: 82.46%) and patients with single pulmonary lesion (cutoff: 9.03 FU/3 ml, AUC = 0.842, p = 0.0001, sensitivity: 75.20%, specificity: 83.00%). However, FR + CTC cannot differentiate precursor from benign pulmonary diseases in multiple lesions patients (p = 0.110). FR + CTC neither differentiate precursor from malignant pulmonary lesions in all included patients (p = 0.715), single nor multiple lesions patients (p = 0.867, p = 0.692, respectively). Total number of pulmonary nodules, MTD, location (lower vs upper) were independent risk factors for malignancy (AOR, 95% CI: 3.104 (1.525, 6.316), 3.148 (1.722, 5.754), 2.098 (1.132, 3.888), respectively.ConclusionPreoperative FR + CTC can be identified in precursor glandular lesions and utilized to differentiate from benign pulmonary diseases. Total number of pulmonary nodules, MTD, location (lower vs upper) were independent risk factors for malignancy.
Fatigue crack propagation and fracture toughness of cortical bone are radiation dose‐dependent
Authors: Crocker Dylan B. , Hoffman Isaac , Carter Jennifer L. W. , Akkus Ozan , Rimnac Clare M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCortical bone allograft sterilized with a standard γ‐radiation dose of 25–35kGy has demonstrated reduced static and cyclic fracture resistance compared with unirradiated bone. To mitigate radiation damage, we recently observed a dose‐dependent response of high‐cycle fatigue behavior of human cortical bone from 0 to 25 kGy, with lower doses exhibiting logarithmically longer fatigue lives. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to determine whether fracture toughness, work‐to‐fracture, and fatigue crack propagation resistance of human cortical bone are also radiation dose‐dependent, and (2) to determine the associations of radiation dose and a Raman biomarker for collagen disorder with fracture properties. Compact tension specimens were machined from two donor femoral pairs and allocated to four treatment groups: 0 (unirradiated control), 10, 17.5, and 25 kGy. Fracture toughness specimens were monotonically loaded to failure and the critical stress intensity factor (KC) was determined. Work‐to‐fracture was calculated from the load versus displacement integral up to fracture. Fatigue crack propagation specimens were cyclically loaded under constant room‐temperature irrigation and fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) and cyclic stress intensity (∆K) were calculated. Fracture toughness, work‐to‐fracture, and fatigue crack propagation resistance decreased 18%, 33%, and 15‐fold from 0 to 25 kGy, respectively (p < 0.05). Radiation dose was more predictive of fracture properties than collagen disorder. These findings support that quasi‐static and fatigue fracture properties of cortical bone are radiation dose‐dependent within this dose range. The structural alterations arising from irradiation that cause these losses in fracture resistance remain to be elucidated.
An analysis of journalism articles achieving high Altmetric attention scores
Authors: Nabavi Majid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNew methods of judging the impact of academic articles now include alternative metrics, and the goal of this study was to provide an insight into the journals and papers with top Altmetric attention scores (AAS) in the field of journalism. Scopus and Dimensions were used as the primary data sources. Fifteen journalism journals were identified from Scopus, and papers from these journals with an Altmetric Attention Score of over 100 were collected from Dimensions as the study's sample, which comprised 87 papers. Most of the papers with high AAS were published after 2017, and five were published in 2022. The sample included a larger number of closed access articles (n = 50) than open access (n = 37), although analysis revealed that open access articles had higher median Tweets than closed access. Articles on journalism practice were more likely to receive attention from news outlets. None of the papers with high AAS are highly cited, which may be due to the limited time to accumulate citations. The journal with the highest impact factor (Digital Journalism) did not have the greatest number of papers with high AAS, but had far higher scores on Twitter engagement than the other journals. The results do not show any correlation between impact factors and citation metrics and social metrics.
Amazon River discharge impacts deep‐sea meiofauna
Authors: Pereira Tiago J. , Castellões Paula Vieira , Netto Sérgio A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we show that the deep‐sea meiofauna community at the Brazilian Equatorial Margin (BEM) is strongly influenced by the Amazon River. Our comparison across four deep ocean basins including Amazon, Pará‐Maranhão, Barreirinhas, and Ceará showed that the former supports a completely distinct meiofaunal community. Meiofaunal richness increased with increasing distance from the Amazon, reflecting changes in sediment proprieties among basins. Total phytopigment content at Amazon sediments was threefold higher than at other basins. The chlorophyll a/Phaeo mean ratio, however, was lower than 1, suggesting a predominant degraded bulk organic matter derived from the Amazon River discharge. Nematode assemblages from Amazon strongly differed from the other basins mostly due to higher genus richness, trophic diversity, and variations in the abundance of Sabatieria, which in turn led into higher dissimilarity values and turnover rate. Furthermore, the bathymetric distribution of nematode assemblages at Amazon and Ceará basins differed significantly among depth zones, especially due to the higher abundance and diversity at Amazon basin. Our findings show that the Amazon River plays a critical role in structuring and shaping the deep‐sea meiofauna and nematode biodiversity at the BEM. Increasing impacts on the Amazon rainforest will certainly affect the amount of freshwater discharge, and the quantity and quality of organic material transported to the Atlantic Ocean, which in turn will have effects on the deep‐sea communities.
Engineering Thermoresponsive Emulsions with Branched Copolymer Surfactants
Authors: da Silva Marcelo Alves , Rajbanshi Abhishek , Opoku‐Achampong Daniel , Mahmoudi Najet , Porcar Lionel , Gutfreund Philipp , Tummino Andrea , Maestro Armando , Dreiss Cecile A. , Cook Michael T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study describes thermo‐rheological properties of branched copolymer surfactants (BCSs) stabilizing oil‐in‐water emulsions to generate materials exhibiting temperature‐dependent gelation with the ability to solubilize a broad range of molecules. Four poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐ran‐poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (poly(NIPAM‐ran‐PEGMA)) BCSs with varying molecular weight (Mn), 4.7; 7.0; 7.8 and 9.0 kg mol−1, are investigated via oscillatory shear rheology, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and neutron reflectivity (NR). Rheological thermoscans show that emulsions stabilized by the BCS with the lowest Mn (4.7 kg mol−1) are thermo‐thinning, while with the other BCSs the emulsions display a thermo‐thickening behavior. Emulsions stabilized with the BCS with Mn = 7.8 kg mol−1 form gels within a precise temperature window depending on BCS concentration. Small angle neutron scattering data analysis suggests that the BCS is present in two forms in equilibrium, small aggregates dispersed in the bulk water and an adsorbed polymeric layer at the oil/water interface. Changes in dimensions of these structures with temperature correlate with the macroscopic thermo‐thinning/thermo‐thickening behavior observed. Neutron reflectivity is conducted at the oil/water interface to allow further elucidation of BCS behavior in these systems.
Accurate total‐body Ki parametric imaging with shortened dynamic 18F‐FDG PET scan durations via effective data processing
Authors: Chen Zixiang , Cheng Zhaoping , Duan Yanhua , Zhang Qiyang , Zhang Na , Gu Fengyun , Wang Ying , Zhou Yun , Wang Haining , Liang Dong , Zheng Hairong , Hu Zhanli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTotal‐body dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) imaging using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) has received widespread attention in clinical oncology. However, the conventionally required scan duration of approximately 1 h seriously limits the application and promotion of this imaging technique. In this study, we investigated the possibility and feasibility of shortening the total‐body dynamic scan duration to 30 min post‐injection (PI) with the help of a novel Patlak data processing algorithm for accurate Ki estimations of tumor lesions.MethodsTotal‐body dPET images acquired by uEXPLORER (United Imaging Healthcare Inc.) using 18F‐FDG of 15 patients with different tumor types were analyzed in this study. Dynamic images were reconstructed into 25 frames with a specific temporal dividing protocol for the scan data acquired 1 h PI. Patlak analysis‐based Ki parametric imaging was conducted based on the imaging data corresponding to the first 30 min PI, during which a Patlak data processing method based on cubic Hermite interpolation was applied. The resultant Ki images acquired by 30 min dynamic PET data and the standard 1 h Ki images were compared in terms of visual imaging effect, region signal‐to‐noise ratio, and Ki estimation accuracy to evaluate the performance of the proposed Ki imaging method with a shortened scan duration.ResultsWith the help of Patlak data processing, acceptable Ki parametric images were obtained from dynamic PET data acquired with a scan duration of 30 min PI. Compared with Ki images obtained from unprocessed Patlak data, the resulting images from the proposed method performed better in terms of noise reduction. Moreover, Bland–Altman plot and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that that 30 min Ki images obtained from the processed Patlak data had higher accuracy for tumor lesions.ConclusionSatisfactory Ki parametric images with high tumor accuracy can be acquired from dynamic imaging data corresponding to the first 30 min PI. Patlak data processing can help achieve higher Ki imaging quality and higher accuracy regarding tumor lesion Ki values. Clinically, it is possible to shorten the dynamic scan duration of 18F‐FDG PET to 30 min to acquire an accurate tumor Ki and further effective tumor detection with uEXPLORER scanners.
Associations between urate levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional score with edaravone treatment: Post hoc analysis of studies MCI186‐16, MCI186‐17, and MCI186‐19
Authors: Takahashi Fumihiro , Kano Osamu , Nagano Yoshito , Yoneoka Takatomo , Nelson Sally , Ushirogawa Yoshiteru 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroduction/aimsEdaravone in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was analyzed in two phase 3 studies (MCI186‐16 and MCI186‐19). Those trials enrolled patients with Japanese ALS severity grades 1 and 2 (less severe ALS), but many patients progressed to grades 3 and 4 during the double‐blind treatment period. The placebo patients who initiated edaravone treatment in the open‐label periods provided an opportunity to assess the effects of edaravone in more severe ALS. This study also assessed the association between ALS Functional Rating Scale‐Revised (ALSFRS‐R) slope and biomarker changes after open‐label edaravone initiation.MethodsChange in ALSFRS‐R slope in placebo patients before and after initiating edaravone treatment was assessed using the random coefficient model. The association of ALSFRS‐R change and blood marker changes was explored by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method of machine learning.ResultsTwenty‐four percent of patients (35/146) in the placebo‐edaravone group showed ≥25% slowing of decline in the ALSFRS‐R slope. Within the 25% slower‐decline group, 60% (21/35) had Japanese ALS severity grades 3 or 4 at the start of edaravone treatment. The LASSO model identified serum urate as associated with the percentage change in ALSFRS‐R slope. The rate of decrease in urate was smaller in the 25% slower‐decline group than in the non‐25% slower‐decline group during edaravone treatment.DiscussionThis post hoc analysis indicated that ALS patients, including those with advanced ALS severity grades, may receive benefit in the group of patients whose urate levels are stable during the course of the edaravone treatment.
A cross‐sectional study of nursing students' eHealth literacy and COVID‐19 preventive behaviours
Authors: Kim Kyoung‐A , Hyun Myung Sun , De Gagne Jennie C. , Ahn Jeong‐Ah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study explored nursing students' eHealth literacy, lifestyle behaviours and COVID‐19‐related preventive behaviours and associated factors.DesignA cross‐sectional comparative correlational study.MethodsNursing students (n = 358) from a metropolitan area of South Korea were recruited for an online survey. The online questionnaire included: The eHealth Literacy Scale, the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile‐II and the COVID‐19‐related preventive behaviour scale.ResultsCOVID‐19‐related preventive behaviours correlated positively with satisfaction with one's major, time spent seeking health information online, eHealth literacy and lifestyle behaviours. Significant factors affecting COVID‐19‐related preventive behaviours were the following: being female (β = 0.194, p < .001), time spent seeking health information online (β = 0.114, p = .002), eHealth literacy (β = 0.167, p = .001) and lifestyle behaviours (β = 0.266, p < .001).ConclusionsFindings highlight the need to strengthen searching behaviours to access accurate health information online and reinforce eHealth literacy and health‐promoting lifestyle behaviours to improve COVID‐19 preventive behaviours among nursing students.