bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth Spacing and Health and Socioeconomic Outcomes Across the Life Course: Evidence From the Utah Population Database
Authors: Barclay Kieron , Smith Ken R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relationship between birth interval length and child outcomes has received increased attention in recent years, but few studies have examined offspring outcomes across the life course in North America. We use data from the Utah Population Database to examine the relationship between birth intervals and short- and long-term outcomes: preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), infant mortality, college degree attainment, occupational status, and adult mortality. Using linear regression, linear probability models, and survival analysis, we compare results from models with and without sibling comparisons. Children born after a birth interval of 9–12 months have a higher probability of LBW, preterm birth, and infant mortality both with and without sibling comparisons; longer intervals are associated with a lower probability of these outcomes. Short intervals before the birth of the next youngest sibling are also associated with LBW, preterm birth, and infant mortality both with and without sibling comparisons. This pattern raises concerns that the sibling comparison models do not fully adjust for within-family factors predicting both spacing and perinatal outcomes. In sibling comparison analyses considering long-term outcomes, not even the very shortest birth intervals are negatively associated with educational or occupational outcomes or with long-term mortality. These findings suggest that extremely short birth intervals may increase the probability of poor perinatal outcomes but that any such disadvantages disappear over the extended life course.
Impact of Health Information Exchange Adoption on Referral Patterns
Authors: Eftekhari Saeede , Yaraghi Niam , Gopal Ram D. , Ramesh Ram 
Published: May 2022

Efforts to promote Health Information Exchanges (HIEs) on a nationwide scale are beset with major challenges, and one of them is its meaningful use for both physicians and patients. Referrals potentially provide a context for the meaningful use of HIE, and we are yet to understand how HIEs affect referrals. This research studies the impact of HIE on referral patterns. We establish that participation in an HIE network increases the referrals sent to and received from other HIE participants. We investigate this relationship using both econometric and network-analytic methods. Whereas the econometric analysis focuses on the underlying associations between HIE adoption and referral patterns, the network analysis addresses the transformation process by which HIE adoption and referrals coevolve over time. This study has significant implications for healthcare policy making, development of innovative HIE business models, and management of healthcare organizations. This paper was accepted by Anindya Ghose, information systems. Supplemental Material: Data and the online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4435 .
Wavelength-tunable noise-like fiber laser based on PbS quantum dot saturable absorber film
Authors: Gao Chenyu , Dai Lilong , Huang Qianqian , Li Kai , Fan Meiduan , Song Qingguo , Yan Zhijun , You Fen , Sun Xiaolan , Mou Chengbo 
Published: May 2022

A wavelength-tunable noise-like pulse (NLP) erbium-doped fiber laser incorporating PbS quantum dot (QD) polystyrene (PS) composite film as a saturable absorber (SA) is experimentally demonstrated. The wavelength tuning is implemented via a Lyot filter consisting of a segment of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) and a 45° tilted fiber grating. By adjusting the polarization state of the ring cavity, the laser can deliver NLP with a continuous wavelength-tunable range from 1550.21 to 1560.64 nm. During continuous wavelength tuning, the output power varies between a range of 30.88–48.8 mW. Worthwhile noting is that the output power of 48.8 mW is the reported highest output power for wavelength-tunable NLP operation in an erbium-doped fiber laser using composite film as a saturable absorber.
A one-step foraminoplasty via a large trephine in percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Yu Zhaoyu , Lu Yao , Li Yong , An Yan , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2022

Background
Transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is a widely used basic technique for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with advantages including causing less trauma and fast recovery. The secure, efficient, and rapid enlargement of the intervertebral foramen is a key step in PELD procedures. However, the conventional multi-step trephine system for foraminoplasty involves complicated surgical procedures. In this study, we reported an improved one-step foraminoplasty via a large trephine with simplified surgical procedures, reduced radiation exposure, and shortened operative time.

Methods
70 LDH patients who underwent PELD were retrospectively reviewed in this study. The conventional multi-step trephine system was used for foraminoplasty in 35 patients in the multi-step (MS) group, and the single large trephine was used in the other 35 patients in the one-step (OS) group. Indicators including the operative time, the time to establish the working cannula, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, the radiation dose, and postoperative complications were compared between the MS and OS group.

Results
The operative time and the time to establish the working cannula in the OS group was significantly shorter than that in the MS group (P < 0.01); intraoperative fluoroscopy times and the radiation dose in the OS group were significantly smaller than those in the MS group (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative VAS scores and ODI scores (2 days and 3 months after the surgery) were significantly lower than the preoperative scores in both groups (P < 0.01), and there was no statistical difference in VAS scores or ODI scores between the two groups at the same time points (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The one-step foraminoplasty via a single large trephine is an optimized technique evolving from the conventional multi-step foraminoplasty, showing significant superiority in simplified operation, shorted operative time, and reduced radiation exposure.
Health insurance, healthcare utilization and language use among populations who experience risk for tuberculosis, California 2014–2017
Authors: Readhead Adam , Flood Jennifer , Barry Pennan 
Published: May 2022

Background
California tuberculosis (TB) prevention goals include testing more than ten million at-risk Californians and treating two million infected with tuberculosis. Adequate health insurance and robust healthcare utilization are crucial to meeting these goals, but information on these factors for populations that experience risk for TB is limited.

Methods
We used data from the 2014–2017 California Health Interview Survey (n = 82,758), a population-based dual-frame telephone survey to calculate survey proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CI) stratified by country of birth, focusing on persons from countries of birth with the highest number of TB cases in California. Survey proportions for recent doctor’s visit, overall health, smoking, and diabetes were age-adjusted.

Results
Among 18–64 year-olds, 27% (CI: 25–30) of persons born in Mexico reported being uninsured in contrast with 3% (CI: 1–5) of persons born in India. Report of recent doctor’s visit was highest among persons born in the Philippines, 84% (CI: 80–89) and lowest among Chinese-born persons, 70% (CI: 63–76). Persons born in Mexico were more likely to report community clinics as their usual source of care than persons born in China, Vietnam, or the Philippines. Poverty was highest among Mexican-born persons, 56% (CI: 54–58) and lowest among Indian-born persons, 9% (CI: 5–13). Of adults with a medical visit in a non-English language, 96% (CI: 96–97) were non-U.S.-born, but only 42% (CI: 40–44) of non-U.S.-born persons had a visit in a non-English language.

Discussion
Many, though not all, of the populations that experience risk for TB had health insurance and used healthcare. We found key differences in usual source of care and language use by country of birth which should be considered when planning outreach to specific providers, clinic systems, insurers and communities for TB prevention and case-finding.
Agreement of total corneal power between 2 swept-source optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug tomography in normal and keratoconic patients
Authors: Asawaworarit Rosepon , Satitpitakul Vannarut , Taweekitikul Parichart , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
To evaluate agreement of total corneal power (TCP) measured by swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA 2), Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam AXL), and swept-source optical biometer (IOLMaster 700) in normal and keratoconic patients.

Methods
This is a prospective observational study conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Biometric values were measured by each device for three times by two operators to evaluate repeatability and reproducibility of TCP. The agreement of TCP and other parameters including total corneal astigmatism, anterior keratometry, anterior corneal astigmatism, posterior keratometry, posterior corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW), central corneal thickness, and intraocular power were also evaluated.

Results
This study enrolled 100 healthy participants and 34 patients with keratoconus. The repeatability and reproducibility of TCP were high in all devices (ICC > 0.9). The agreement of TCP was excellent among three devices in both groups (ICC > 0.9). However, the agreement of TCP between CASIA 2 and IOLMaster 700 was slightly lower in healthy participants (ICC = 0.867) and keratoconic patients (ICC = 0.852) with mean differences of more than 1.0 diopter is clinically significant. Wider 95% limit of agreement were found in keratoconic eyes. Most of other parameters showed good to excellent agreement except WTW which showed poor to moderate agreement in both groups. IOL power showed clinically significant differences in patients with keratoconus.

Conclusions
The agreement of TCP measured by three devices was excellent in normal and keratoconic patients. However, TCP cannot be used interchangeably between devices.
Components and singularities of Quot schemes and varieties of commuting matrices
Authors: Jelisiejew Joachim , Šivic Klemen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We investigate the variety of commuting matrices.
We classify its components for any number of matrices of size at most 7.
We prove that starting from quadruples of

8
×
8

{8\times 8}

matrices,
this scheme has generically nonreduced components, while up to degree 7
it is generically reduced. Our approach is to recast the problem as
deformations of modules and generalize an array of methods: apolarity,
duality and Białynicki–Birula decompositions to this setup.
We include a thorough review of our methods to make the paper
self-contained and accessible to both algebraic and linear-algebraic
communities. Our results give the corresponding statements for the Quot
schemes of points, in particular we classify the components of

Quot
d

⁡

(

𝒪

𝔸
n

⊕
r

)

{\operatorname{Quot}_{d}(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{A}^{n}}^{\oplus r})}

for

d
≤
7

{d\leq 7}

and all r, n.
Uniqueness of convex ancient solutions to hypersurface flows
Authors: Lynch Stephen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We show that every convex ancient solution of mean curvature flow with Type I curvature growth is either spherical, cylindrical, or planar. We then prove the corresponding statement for flows by a natural class of curvature functions which are convex or concave in the second fundamental form. Neither of these results assumes interior noncollapsing.
Proust – Philosophie als ästhetische Praxis
Authors: Wille Katrin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The philosophical reading of Proust’s Recherche presented here suggests Proust’s aesthetic method as a model for philosophy (as an aesthetic practice). The term “aesthetic” refers to the constitutive role of sensation, perception, and sensuality for the practice of philosophising. In Proust’s peculiar descriptions a specific form of “sentient thinking” (empfindendes Denken) takes shape. This thinking is characterised by the entanglement of the particular as detailed description and the general as theoretical reflection. With reference to Proust, the philosophical practice of describing is developed into a central element of philosophy as aesthetic practice.
Diversification Decisions of Family SMEs under Uncertainty: Goals as a Rule of Thumb
Authors: Doucet Pablo , Requejo Ignacio , Suárez-González Isabel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Leveraging on the behavioural mixed gamble lens, we contend that heterogeneity in organisational goals leads to different diversification behaviours in family firms. Using survey and archival data on a sample of 988 family SMEs homogenous in their (high) family involvement level, we show that family SMEs that pursue nonfinancial (financial) goals exhibit lower (higher) probability of extending the boundaries of the firm to new product and/or market domains. Interestingly, in the face of threats, only those family SMEs that prioritise financial goals exacerbate their propensity to diversify, while increased vulnerability leads to an even lower probability of adopting diversification decisions among family SMEs with nonfinancial goals.
Carbocatalysis: a metal free green avenue towards carbon–carbon/heteroatom bond construction
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Parihar Sonam , Kumar Krishan , Saini Surendra , Parewa Vijay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Indeed, all the heterocycles comprises of either “C–C, C–N, C–S or C–O” bonds in their skeleton and construction of these bonds has laid the foundation stone of organic chemistry. The present researchers are continually attempting to develop new strategies for synthesizing miscellaneous structurally divergent molecular entities and these bond forming reactions are the fundamental tools. As a consequence, a colossal upheaval is witnessed in development of benign and sustainable synthetic routes for green bond-forming reactions envisaging carbon–carbon/heteroatom. This chapter is aimed towards highlighting the recent developments perceived in “C–C, C–N, C–S or C–O” bondconstruction especially emphasising greener perspectives i.e. carbocatalysis.
HLA DRB1 alleles, IFN-γ and TGF-β Gene Variants in childhood ALL patients
Authors: Oguz Suleyman Rustu , Senturk Ciftci Hayriye , Gokce Muge , Ogret Yeliz , Kivanc Demet , Ozdilli Kursat , Atay Avni , Savran Oguz Fatma , Aydin Filiz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a complex clinical syndrome with organ dysfunction as a consequence of a severe immunological reaction mediated by mainly T cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Our aim is to evaluate the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles, IFN-γ and TGF-β gene variations, with childhood ALL (c-ALL) patients and with GvHD after transplantation.

Methods
This study included 30 high-risk c-ALL patients and 100 controls. HLA-DRB1 alleles were studied by the NGS method, and TGF-β and IFN-γ variations were studied by the PCR-RFLP method.

Results
The rates of HLA-DRB1*15 alleles and IFN-gamma CC genotype were significantly higher in c-ALL patients (p=0.004, p=0.036 respectively). Association of the HLA-DRB1*15 alleles with the TGF-β TC genotype was found with a higher rate in the patient group (p=0.031). Association of the DRB1*04 allele with the IFN-γ CC genotype was found with a higher rate in the patient group (p=0.028). Acute GvHD developed in eight of 19 patients who underwent transplantation. IFN-γ CT was found to have a protective role in occurrence of aGvHD (p=0.044). Association of the DRB1*15 allele with IFN-γ TT was found with a higher rate in a GvHD (p=0.050).

Conclusions
It is thought that polymorphism of HLA-DR15 and IFN-γ CC may contribute to the development of c-ALL, while IFN-γ CT might be protective for aGvHD.
Effect of Uniaxial Compression on Coal Nanostructure as Measured by Small Angle X-ray Scattering
Authors: Zhao Yixin , Tai Zhenyu , Guo Xiaodong , Zhang Cun , Tao Yafei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To study the effect of uniaxial compression on coal nanostructure during uniaxial compression, in situ synchrotron radiation small angle X-ray scattering experiments were carried out on four coals with different ranks under uniaxial compression. According to the scattering data during the uniaxial compression process, the fractal characteristics and the variation feature of fractal dimension with stress were obtained. Four coals with different ranks all possess two fractal characteristics: pore fractal occur in the smaller pore range (7–17 nm) in the high q value range, and surface fractal occur in the larger pore range (17–52 nm) in the low q value range. For two low rank coals, with increasing stress, the pore fractal dimension DP decreased and the surface fractal dimension DS increased, respectively; the variation trends of DP and DS were obvious. This indicates that with increasing stress, the heterogeneity and complexity of the pores decrease, the surface roughness of the pores increases, and stress has a significant effect on the nanopore structure. The smaller pores are more susceptible to stress, and the influence range of stress on low rank coals is larger than that on high rank coals. The change rate of fractal dimension (RD) has a poor relationship with compressibility during uniaxial loading and is related to coal rank. The RD per unit stress for high rank coals is larger than that for low rank coals. Nanostructure response to uniaxial compressive stress is more significant in low rank coals than in high rank coals. Compared with low rank coals, high rank coals have strong aromatization and molecular structure, and the nanostructures are less susceptible to failure under uniaxial stress.
Accessing sexualized violence services and supports for women in rural Nova Scotia: A qualitative study
Authors: Heggie Clare , Jackson Lois , Steenbeek Audrey 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Women who experience sexualized violence can face significant barriers to accessing services and supports, including fear of victim blaming, stigma, and fear of re-traumatization. To date, there is a paucity of research that specifically examines the experiences of women accessing sexualized violence services and supports in rural places, and the potential unique or additional barriers they may face. Objectives: The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the experiences of women living in rural [province] who accessed services or supports after experiencing sexualized violence. Methods: Participants were recruited through community organizations and social media. Interviews were conducted with nine women in Fall 2019. Data were analyzed using feminist-thematic analysis. Results: Findings indicate that the women shared experiences of navigating a fragmented system of services and supports, many reported harmful experiences with the justice system and formal healthcare system, and some also experienced positive experiences with community-based services. Enhancing community-based services is recommended as one key strategy for improving access to sexualized violence services and supports in rural communities.
Cochlear Implants for Deaf Children With Early Developmental Impairment
Authors: Oghalai John S. , Bortfeld Heather , Feldman Heidi M. , Chimalakonda Niharika , Emery Claudia , Choi Janet S. , Zhou Shane 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Infants with profound hearing loss are typically considered for cochlear implantation. Many insurance providers deny implantation to children with developmental impairments because they have limited potential to acquire verbal communication. We took advantage of differing insurance coverage restrictions to compare outcomes after cochlear implantation or continued hearing aid use.

METHODS
Young children with deafness were identified prospectively from 2 different states, Texas and California, and followed longitudinally for an average of 2 years. Children in cohort 1 (n = 138) had normal cognition and adaptive behavior and underwent cochlear implantation. Children in cohorts 2 (n = 37) and 3 (n = 29) had low cognition and low adaptive behavior. Those in cohort 2 underwent cochlear implantation, whereas those in cohort 3 were treated with hearing aids.

RESULTS
Cohorts did not substantially differ in demographic characteristics. Using cohort 2 as the reference, children in cohort 1 showed more rapid gains in cognitive, adaptive function, language, and auditory skills (estimated coefficients, 0.166 to 0.403; P ≤ .001), whereas children in cohort 3 showed slower gains (−0.119 to −0.243; P ≤ .04). Children in cohort 3 also had greater increases in stress within the parent-child system (1.328; P = .02), whereas cohorts 1 and 2 were not different.

CONCLUSIONS
Cochlear implantation benefits children with deafness and developmental delays. This finding has health policy implications not only for private insurers but also for large, statewide, publicly administered programs. Cognitive and adaptive skills should not be used as a “litmus test” for pediatric cochlear implantation.
Implementación de la norma de sostenibilidad. Una aproximación desde las representaciones sociales en empresarios de alojamiento
Authors: Serrano Amado Ana Milena , Amado Cely Nidia , Martínez Bernal Martha 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Se tuvo como finalidad estudiar las representaciones sociales de la norma de sostenibilidad NTS-T 002 en empresarios de las MiPymes de alojamiento en una provincia ubicada en el departamento de Boyacá (Colombia) en las que se reflexiona sobre qué tipo de normas presentan cambios en el ambiente interno y externo de las organizaciones. Método: Como metodología, se implementó un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando la fenomenología como método de estudio­. Dada la importancia que ha tenido en el mundo el tema de la norma de sostenibilidad, como instrumento, se diseñó por un lado, una entrevista semiestructurada y un grupo focal para los propietarios de los hoteles y, por otro, una entrevista implementada a los actores de las entidades de turismo. Resultados y discusiones: este estudio arrojó resultados acerca del conocimiento sobre la sostenibilidad y la norma percibidas por los actores mencionados, así como la percepción de los empresarios al estar conscientes de la importancia de la implementación de esta norma a pesar de los beneficios económicos, sociales y ambientales para el contexto de la organización; sin embargo, algunos sienten preocupación y rechazo a la obligatoriedad de este proceso, puesto que no tienen las mismas garantías que las grandes empresas. Conclusiones: En cuanto a las acciones que están dispuestos a realizar para lograr el proceso de implementación y/o certificación de la norma, manifiestan las grandes inversiones que deben realizar en cuanto a infraestructura, contratación de personal entre otros rubros, los cuales no se recuperan en un corto plazo.