bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brodalumab: Efficacy, safety, and survival in mid‐term (52 weeks) on real clinical practice in Andalucia, Spain
Authors: Galan‐Gutierrez Manuel , Font‐Ugalde Pilar , Padilla Laura , Hernandez‐Montoya Carlos , Godoy Daniel , Armario‐Hita Jose C. , Ruiz‐Villaverde Ricardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionBrodalumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody (IgG2) that binds with high affinity to the human interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) receptor A and blocks the biological activity of the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐17A/F heterodimer, and IL‐ 25, resulting in inhibition of inflammation and clinical symptoms associated with psoriasis. Its introduction has managed to increase the levels of efficacy, safety (improving that previously presented by the anti‐IL‐17 class), and survival.Material and methodsRetrospective analysis of a multicenter, observational study of real clinical practice including patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in treatment with brodalumab. This cross‐sectional analysis includes information of patients between February 2019 and February 2022. A total of five tertiary hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) participated in this study. Analyses were performed “as observed” using GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0 for Windows.ResultsOur study included 85 patients, 54 men (63.5%) and 31 women (36.5%), with moderate–severe psoriasis treated with brodalumab. In order to evaluate the efficacy of brodalumab, our patients started with mean Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) values of 12.8 and body surface area (BSA) of 16.9, as well as a Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) of 15.6, highlighting that they reported that the mean baseline visual analog scale (VAS) pruritus was 6.15. On week 52, mean PASI reached 1.26 and mean BSA 2.3, showing a clear stabilization and even sustained improvement regarding results on week 12. Concerning the brodalumab survival, we obtained 85.8% persistence at week 52.DiscussionBrodalumab showed excellent results in the control of psoriasis in the mid‐term with an elevated number of patients maintaining treatment after 52 weeks. There were no statistically significant differences in the efficiency, safety, or survival results of brodalumab between patients coming from previous therapies.
The activity of β‐mannanase in the commercial enzyme Pectinex Ultra SP‐L and its use for the production of mannooligosaccharides from copra meal
Authors: Chimpanao Iththichai , Pruksasri Suwattana 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe β‐mannanase present in the commercial enzyme Pectinex Ultra SP‐L was characterised and tested for its ability to hydrolyse copra meal for the production of mannooligosaccharides (MOS). The optimum pH and temperature for the mannanase activity were 4.0 and 65 °C, respectively. The relative activity of the β‐mannanase of the commercial preparation Pectinex Ultra SP‐L on copra meal was 49% when compared to the complete hydrolysis of locust bean gum, indicating its potential to hydrolyse the agricultural waste. The maximum MOS concentration of 25 g L−1 was obtained from the hydrolysis of 300 g L−1 copra meal with Pectinex Ultra SP‐L at 55 °C for 2 h. The hydrolysate consisted of ~45% oligosaccharides and the rest were monosaccharides. Mannobiose and mannotriose were the only oligosaccharides present in the mixture, with mannobiose accounting for 90%. A simple and efficient method to obtain oligosaccharides from copra meal using a commercial pectinolytic enzyme is presented.
Lupus anticoagulants as a prospective independent predictor in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Chu Daehyun , Kim Miyoung , Cho Young‐uk , Park Chan‐jeoung , Bae Seongman , Kim Min Jae , Chong Yong Pil , Jang Seongsoo , Kim Sung‐Han 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveLupus anticoagulant (LA) are commonly detected during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. However, the relationship between LA and clinical significance is still unclear.MethodsA retrospective chart analysis was performed on COVID‐19 patients who were tested for LA at our hospital from March 2020 to November 2021. We analyzed the patient's characteristics based on the result of the LA test. In addition, subgroup analysis performed the LA‐positive group who had undergone serial LA tests.ResultsA total of 219 COVID‐19 patients were enrolled in the study, 148 patients (67.6%) were positive for LA test. The LA‐positive group received more treatment of high flow nasal cannula (LA‐positive 73.0%, LA‐negative 57.7%, p = 0.024). The LA‐positive group showed prolonged aPTT, higher levels of CRP and fibrinogen (all p's < 0.05). Among 148 LA‐positive patients, 127 patients (86.5%) were found to be LA‐positive within 10 days of SARS‐CoV‐2 positive, and LA‐positive group confirmed a median time to LA loss of 10 days. However, there was a group that was negative for LA in the early stages of infection and became positive about 13 days later. A subgroup analysis showed that these patients had different characteristics due to their longer hospital stays and higher D‐dimer levels.ConclusionsIn COVID‐19 patients, LA is expected to be associated to disease severity. Since the clinical significance of LA is different depending on the onset time of LA positivity, the LA test is suggested to be done at diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, even if LA is negative, follow‐up test should be considered within 10 days.
Burden and seasonality of primary and secondary symptomatic common cold coronavirus infections in Nicaraguan children
Authors: Frutos Aaron M. , Balmaseda Angel , Vydiswaran Nivea , Patel Mayuri , Ojeda Sergio , Brouwer Andrew , Tutino Rebecca , Cai Shuwei , Bakker Kevin , Sanchez Nery , Lopez Roger , Kuan Guillermina , Gordon Aubree 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe current SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic highlights the need for an increased understanding of coronavirus epidemiology. In a pediatric cohort in Nicaragua, we evaluate the seasonality and burden of common cold coronavirus (ccCoV) infection and evaluate likelihood of symptoms in reinfections.MethodsChildren presenting with symptoms of respiratory illness were tested for each of the four ccCoVs (NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1). Annual blood samples collected before ccCoV infection were tested for antibodies against each ccCoV. Seasonality was evaluated using wavelet and generalized additive model (GAM) analyses, and age–period effects were investigated using a Poisson model. We also evaluate the risk of symptom presentation between primary and secondary infections.ResultsIn our cohort of 2576 children from 2011 to 2016, we observed 595 ccCoV infections and 107 cases of ccCoV‐associated lower respiratory infection (LRI). The overall incidence rate was 61.1 per 1000 person years (95% confidence interval (CI): 56.3, 66.2). Children under two had the highest incidence of ccCoV infections and associated LRI. ccCoV incidence rapidly decreases until about age 6. Each ccCoV circulated throughout the year and demonstrated annual periodicity. Peaks of NL63 typically occurred 3 months before 229E peaks and 6 months after OC43 peaks. Approximately 69% of symptomatic ccCoV infections were secondary infections. There was slightly lower risk (rate ratio (RR): 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.97) of LRI between secondary and primary ccCoV infections among participants under the age of 5.ConclusionsccCoV spreads annually among children with the greatest burden among ages 0–1. Reinfection is common; prior infection is associated with slight protection against LRI among the youngest children.
Specialty specific quality measures needed to improve outcomes in wound care
Authors: Tettelbach William , Forsyth Allyn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the health care community's best efforts, 20% of diabetic patients who develop a diabetic foot ulcer will require some form of amputation. Those undergoing a major lower extremity amputation risk an increase in their five‐year mortality rate to 56.6%, which is comparable to or higher than many forms of cancer. Given this perspective, quality measures need to be considered at each patient inflection point to drive increased compliance with best practices in order to redirect patients whose therapies fail. Medicare limited datasets (October 2015 through October 2019) retrospectively analyzed patients with diabetes receiving care for chronic lower extremity diabetic ulcers (LEDUs). The analysis demonstrated that only 21% of Medicare patients with hard‐to‐heal LEDUs received sharp debridement at intervals of every 7 days and less, while only 40% received sharp debridement at intervals of every 8 to 14 days. This is despite landmark prospective randomized controlled trials showing the benefits of frequent sharp debridement to patients with LEDUs. According to the Medicare data, when patients received debridement at intervals of 7 days or less with concurrently applied skin substitutes, observed amputation rates dropped by 65% to the lowest levels identified among Medicare LEDU episodes (2.1%). Optimal use of debridement and adjunctive use of skin substitutes significantly improves outcomes and lowers the use of healthcare resources. Another unexpected finding highlighted in the Medicare data analysis was that wound care providers have not been applying skin substitutes early enough. Clinical guidelines related to LEDUs have long relied on the seminal Sheehan marker study, which identified that diabetic ulcers that have not progressed to at least 53% healing after four weeks of conservative care have only a 9% chance of proceeding to closure by 12 weeks. It is therefore vital that patients move to advanced therapies within 30 to 45 days after initiation of failed conservative care; however, the Medicare claims data shows this is not happening regularly enough (average time to first skin substitute application >69 days) to benefit both the patient and the healthcare system. There is a demonstrable need for quality measures that encourage (1) frequent and adequate debridement throughout wound treatment, (2) earlier adoption of advanced treatments, such as skin substitutes, for LEDUs to align with clinical guidelines, (3) the application of skin substitutes to better align with medical evidence, which is associated with improved patient outcomes, as well as (4) expansion of best practices across all demographic and socioeconomic populations.
Patient experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care education
Authors: Tobiano Georgia , Walker Rachel M. , Chaboyer Wendy , Carlini Joan , Webber Louise , Latimer Sharon , Kang Evelyn , Eskes Anne M. , O'Connor Tom , Perger Debra , Gillespie Brigid M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe patients' experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care discharge education and how these experiences predicted their ability to self‐manage their surgical wounds. A telephone survey of 270 surgical patients was conducted across two hospitals two weeks after discharge. Patients preferred verbal (n = 255, 94.8%) and written surgical wound education (n = 178, 66.2%) from medical (n = 229, 85.4%) and nursing staff (n = 211, 78.7%) at discharge. The most frequent education content that patients received was information about follow‐up appointments (n = 242, 89.6%) and who to contact in the community with wound care concerns (n = 233, 86.6%). Using logistic regression, patients who perceived that they participated in surgical wound care decisions were 6.5 times more likely to state that they were able to manage their wounds at home. Also, patients who agreed that medical and/or nursing staff discussed wound pain management were 3.1 times more likely to report being able to manage their surgical wounds at home. Only 40% (107/270) of patients actively participated in wound‐related decision‐making during discharge education. These results uncovered patient preferences, which could be used to optimise discharge education practices. Embedding patient participation into clinical workflows may enhance patients' self‐management practices once home.
Thermal insulation and antioxidation of vertical graphene oxide‐grafted carbon nanofiber aerogels with ceramic coating
Authors: Ding Wei , Li Hongyan , Liu Hongli , Zheng Yinghan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, composite aerogels with low thermal conductivity and antioxidation were prepared by introducing graphene oxide (GO) on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) surface, followed by ceramic coating. CNFs surface‐grafted vertical morphology of GO was used as an enhancer to hinder the heat radiation transmission. The introduced shrinkage‐resistant ceramic coating was used as an antioxidant barrier for carbon materials. The anti‐shrinking ceramic coating was obtained by heat treatment of coating with wrinkle morphology to complete the ceramic transformation. The wrinkle morphology of the coating originated from the gradient crosslinking of the coating before its ceramic transformation. Among them, the gradient crosslinking of the coating could be done by irradiation crosslinking and crosslinker impregnation crosslinking. The thermal insulation and antioxidant of the composite aerogel were jointly investigated. Moreover, the mechanism of CNFs surface grafting GO and the anti‐shrinkage mechanism of the coating were systematically discussed. The experimental results showed that the aerogel exhibited excellent thermal insulation and oxidation resistance in a wide range of temperatures. The structural design of the aerogel not only weakened the thermal radiation transmission to the CNFs aerogel but also significantly enhanced the antioxidant.
Support as described by fathers with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Ćwirynkało Katarzyna , Parchomiuk Monika 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany fathers with intellectual disabilities experience some difficulties in fulfilling their parenting role due external factors. The quality of their parenting depends on various factors, including the availability and adequacy of support. The aim of this study was to understand the lived experiences associated with social support of fathers with intellectual disabilities.MethodThe organisation of the research and data analysis were carried out in accordance with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 20 fathers with intellectual disabilities.ResultsIn the analysis, three interrelated themes emerged: Discrepancies between needs and provision of support; Discriminatory practices and feeling (dis)empowered; and Recognition of support.ConclusionsFathers described negative aspects of their experiences that were not conducive to strengthening paternal competences and led to a sense of loneliness. Positive aspects also emerged, indicating that fathers were determined to fulfil their role despite the lack of adequate support for their needs.
Doppler parameters of ophthalmic artery in women with preeclampsia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dai Xinxin , Kang Li , Ge Huiyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPreeclampsia is a progressive and severe cardiovascular disorder in pregnant women. To determine the potential significance of ophthalmic Doppler parameters in preeclamptic women and to provide evidence‐based hints for clinical practice and scientific investigation. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library till July 31, 2022. Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random effects model. Heterogeneity across included studies was evaluated utilizing the Q test and I2 statistic. We identified 8 observational studies that met the inclusion criteria. The pooled SMD for peak systolic velocities (PSV) was .12 (95% CI: −.82, 1.06, p = .8071; I2 = 94%, p < .0001). The overall SMD for time‐averaged mean peak velocities (MV) was 1.79 (95% CI: .87, 2.71, p = .0001; I2 = 60%, p = .1152). Regarding the pulsatility index (PI), the pooled SMD was −2.05 (95% CI: −3.12, −.98, p = .0002; I2 = 92%, p < .0001). Overall SMD for end‐diastolic velocities (EDV) was 1.11 (95% CI: .23, 1.98, p = .0136; I2 = 92%, p < .0001). The pooled SMDs for resistance index (RI) and peak ratio (PR) was −.18 (95% CI: −1.90, 1.53, p = .8333; I2 = 96%, p < .0001) and 1.46 (95% CI: −1.30, 4.22, p = .2994; I2 = 99%, p < .0001), respectively. Publication bias was not identified. MV, PI, and EDV showed significant differences between patients with preeclampsia and non‐hypertensive pregnant participants. Studies on the predictive performance of ophthalmic artery Doppler parameters are warranted.
An Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Procedure for Detecting Back Random Responding Behavior
Authors: He Yinhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBack random responding (BRR) behavior is one of the commonly observed careless response behaviors. Accurately detecting BRR behavior can improve test validities. Yu and Cheng (2019) showed that the change point analysis (CPA) procedure based on weighted residual (CPA‐WR) performed well in detecting BRR. Compared with the CPA procedure, the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) obtains more detailed information. This study equipped the weighted residual statistic with EWMA, and proposed the EWMA‐WR method to detect BRR. To make the critical values adaptive to the ability levels, this study proposed the Monte Carlo simulation with ability stratification (MC‐stratification) method for calculating critical values. Compared to the original Monte Carlo simulation (MC) method, the newly proposed MC‐stratification method generated a larger number of satisfactory results. The performances of CPA‐WR and EWMA‐WR were evaluated under different conditions that varied in the test lengths, abnormal proportions, critical values and smoothing constants used in the EWMA‐WR method. The results showed that EWMA‐WR was more powerful than CPA‐WR in detecting BRR. Moreover, an empirical study was conducted to illustrate the utility of EWMA‐WR for detecting BRR.
Modeling, drying kinetics, and antioxidant properties of Bentong ginger based on different drying techniques
Authors: Subramaniam Sarmilaah Dewi , Azman Nurul Aini Binti Mohd , Abdul Mudalip Siti Kholijah Binti , Halim Luqman Abdul , Basrawi Firdaus , Muhammad Noryanti Binti 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study presents the effect of different drying techniques (swirling fluidized bed drying [SFBD], oven drying [OD], and freeze drying [FD]) on the drying kinetics, antioxidant potential, and 6‐gingerol concentration of Bentong ginger (BG). Seven mathematical models were applied to the experimental data to determine the best thin‐layer drying models for drying applications Interaction between the drying methods and antioxidant properties has been evaluated using correlation coefficient (R). The Midilli–Kucuk model showed the best fit at explaining the thin layer drying behavior of the BG for OD and SFBD, whereas the Page model showed the best fit for FD. Correlation analysis revealed that the drying methods had a strong positive correlation with DPPH and a moderate negative correlation with 6‐gingerol concentration and total phenolic content. The experimental results showed that SFBD reduces the total drying time compared to OD and FD, which translates to a low energy consumption, high drying rate, and moisture diffusivity. In addition, the dried BG sample from the SFBD exhibited a slightly higher DPPH inhibition and total phenolic yield as well as the best option to preserve the 6‐gingerol compound in the Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC‐QTOF/MS) analysis. Thus, the SFBD approach proved to be a feasible method for drying ginger.Practical applicationsGinger is considered to be highly perishable foods due to their high moisture content. The most common process for keeping shelf‐stable ginger is dehydration. Drying preserves the quality of ginger by lowering the moisture level, which prevents microbial growth and chemical changes during dried storage. The use of fluidized bed (FBD) dryers for agricultural products processing has grown in popularity in recent years. The modified and hybrid FBD systems were observed to be efficient for drying food products in previous studies. The outcome of this research showed that SFBD techniques attain better nutritional quality of ginger through less energy consumption and processing time.
Comparative safety of sulfonylureas among U.S. nursing home residents
Authors: Zullo Andrew R. , Riester Melissa R. , Hayes Kaleen N. , Munshi Medha N. , Berry Sarah D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe comparative safety of sulfonylureas (SUs) in nursing home (NH) residents remains understudied despite widespread use. We compared the effects of three SU medications and initial SU doses on adverse glycemic and cardiovascular events among NH residents.MethodsThis national retrospective cohort study linked Medicare claims with Minimum Data Set 2.0 assessments for long‐stay NH residents aged ≥65 years between January 2008 and September 2010. Exposures were the SU medication initiated (glimepiride, glipizide, or glyburide) and doses (standard or reduced). One‐year outcomes were hospitalizations or emergency department visits for severe hypoglycemia, heart failure (HF), stroke, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). After the inverse probability of treatment and inverse probability of censoring by death weighting, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) using Cox regression models with robust 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe cohort (N = 6821) included 3698 new glipizide, 1754 glimepiride, and 1369 glyburide users. Overall, the mean (standard deviation) age was 81.4 (8.2) years, 4816 (70.6%) were female, and 5164 (75.7%) were White non‐Hispanic residents. The rates of severe hypoglycemia were 30.3 (95% CI 22.3–40.1), 49.0 (95% CI 34.5–67.5), and 35.9 (95% CI 22.2–54.9) events per 1000 person‐years among new glipizide, glimepiride, and glyburide users, respectively (glimepiride versus glipizide HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.4, p = 0.04; glyburide versus glipizide HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7–1.9, p = 0.59). The rates of severe hypoglycemia were 27.1 (95% CI 18.6–38.0) and 42.8 (95% CI 33.6–53.8) events per 1000 person‐years among new users of reduced and standard SU doses, respectively (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4–3.5, p < 0.01). Rates of HF, stroke, and AMI were similar between medications and doses.ConclusionsAmong long‐stay NH residents, new use of glimepiride and standard SU doses resulted in higher rates of severe hypoglycemic events. Cardiovascular outcomes may not be affected by the choice of SU medication or dose.