bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0130 Central and Peripheral Markers of Oxidative Stress and Sleep in Mood Disorder: A Pilot MR Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Busler Jessica , Grant Leilah , Liao Vicky , Lin Alexander , Rahman Shadab , Mahon Pamela 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep disturbance is both a symptom of and a risk factor for mood disorders. Oxidative stress may impact the relationship between sleep disturbance and mood. However, the relationships between sleep and in vivo measurements of oxidative stress in the brain have not been examined in humans. Therefore, we tested the relationship between patient-reported sleep disturbance with peripheral and central concentrations of glutathione (GSH), the primary antioxidant in the brain.

Methods
Participants (2 women and 7 men) were individuals with (n=2) and without mood disorder (n=7), ages 35-61 years. MR spectroscopy at 7 Tesla (TE=20ms, TM=10ms, TR=3000ms) was used to measure cortical GSH levels in the brain in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Peripheral GSH was assayed from a fasted morning blood draw. Sleep disturbance and related impairment was assessed via the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance (PROMIS-SD) and Sleep-Related Impairment (PROMIS-SRI) questionnaires. Pearson correlations were assessed between peripheral and central GSH levels with PROMIS-SD and PROMIS-SRI T-scores.

Results
We observed significant negative correlations between DLPFC GSH with sleep disturbance (r=-0.744, p=0.022) and sleep-related impairment (r=-0.753, p=0.019). We did not detect correlations between sleep-related endpoints and peripheral GSH levels or GSH levels in the ACC or VMPFC.

Conclusion
These preliminary results suggest that more sleep disturbance and related impairment may be associated with lower levels of cortical GSH and implicate a role for sleep disturbance to impact oxidative stress in a region associated with rapid eye movement sleep and modulation of affective states.

Support (If Any)
This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health R01MH110979 (PBM) and T32MH017119 (JB).
0134 Circadian variation of absence seizures in an animal model of human leukodystrophy (H-ABC)
Authors: Cortes Carmen , Eguibar Jose R , Ibarra Juan M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC) is a human leukodystrophy is due to a mutation in the tubulin b 4a (TUBB4A) and the taiep rats is the only available model of this human disease with similar signs in the magnetic resonance imaging and a mutation in the TUBB4 that induced an accumulation of microtubules in the cytoplasm and its processes in the oligodendrocytes. Taiep rats had spike-wave discharges (SWD) that are similar to absence epilepsy with a progressive increase with the age of the subjects. The aim of this study is to analyze the circadian distribution of SWD on male taiep.

Methods
We used 16 male taiep rats at 6 and 9 months of age. All rats were kept in standard conditions with a 12/12 light-dark cycle (lights on at 0700) and free access to rodent food pellets and purified water and were implanted for EEG, EMG and EOG recordings to characterize the frequency and duration of SWD. All procedures followed the NIH rules, and the protocol was approved by BUAP-IACUC.

Results
The number of SWD are higher in male rats at 9 with respect to 6 months of age (P≤0.05), and also had higher incidence during the light phase with respect to the dark phase (P≤0.05). The duration of SWD had also a greater duration during the light period than the dark phase (P≤0.05).

Conclusion
Our results showed that SWD has higher incidence of SWD and of longer duration during the light period when the rats had more sleep suggesting that the neurotransmitters that are released during sleep facilitate the discharge in the thalamo-cortical circuit that support SWD.

Support (If Any)
Partially supported by PRONACES-CONACYT grant 194171, and VIEP-BUAP 2021 to CA in Neuroendocrinología. JMI is fellowship from CONACYT No. 735813.
0135 Springing Forward: The Influence of Daylight Savings Time on Team Performance in Professional Basketball
Authors: Pradhan Sean , Alton Devin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Daylight Savings Time (DST) has been a well-studied occurrence in United States society. Past literature has documented numerous detriments related to cardiovascular and mental health, as well as heightened accident risk (e.g., traffic, construction, healthcare) due to this time shift. Given the scant research in professional sports though, the current study examines the impact of DST among National Basketball Association (NBA) teams.

Methods
Following the 2011-12 lockout-shortened season, data for all games played during the 2012-13 to 2019-20 NBA seasons were collected from the publicly-available sports database, Basketball-Reference. Data from the 2020-21 season were excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. During this period, data from 8,843 games were obtained, with 65 of these games being played the same day as DST. We investigated the influence of DST on points scored, points allowed, and game outcomes for both the home and visiting teams using mixed-effects regressions controlling for season and when applicable, winning percentage. Specifically, we compared team performance for games immediately following DST with season averages.

Results
For both home and visiting teams, our regression models revealed no meaningful variations in performance between games played following DST and season averages. There were no statistically significant differences across points scored (pHome = .98, R2Marginal = .21, R2Conditional = .29; pVisiting = .36, R2Marginal = .32, R2Conditional = .45), points allowed (pHome = .84, R2Marginal = .34, R2Conditional = .42; pVisiting = .44, R2Marginal = .22, R2Conditional = .33), and game outcomes (pHome = .77, R2Marginal = .11, R2Conditional = .11; pVisiting = .71, R2Marginal = .10, R2Conditional = .18).

Conclusion
The present analysis offers preliminary evidence that DST may not produce any observable effects on the selected indicators of team performance. However, our results could be explained by organizational and athlete sensitivity toward potential compromised performance during games played following DST. Furthermore, our study did not consider other variables that could impact teams (e.g., actual sleep schedules and travel), and was limited by a relatively small sample size of games played on DST. We suggest that future studies examine additional metrics implicated in team performance, such as shooting percentages, rebound rates, turnovers, among others.

Support (If Any)
None
0136 Firefighter Sleep Behavior and Psychomotor Vigilance Compared to Biomathematical Predictions of Performance
Authors: Devine Jaime , Nichols Mellena , Schwartz Lindsay , Choynowski Jake , Hursh Steven 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Firefighters work a demanding 24-hour job in which fatigue may compromise safety. Biomathematical fatigue modeling software applications, like the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool (SAFTE-FAST) could be adapted to serve as a fatigue mitigation tool for firefighting operations. SAFTE-FAST predicts task effectiveness using objective work and sleep data. Model predictions of effectiveness (Predicted Effectiveness) have not been previously compared against actual Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) speed (Actual Effectiveness) in a firefighter population.

Methods
Total sleep time across the 24-hour day (TST24) was monitored continuously throughout a 2-week study period in firefighters working 24-hour shifts using a sleep-tracking actigraphy device (Zulu Watch, Institutes for Behavior Resources). Speed on an 8-minute PVT was assessed daily on on-shift and off-shift days. Mean speeds &gt;2 standard deviations above the grand distribution were excluded. SAFTE-FAST calculated Predicted Effectiveness (PVT Speed [1/Reaction Time] expressed as a % of individual optimum performance) from objective sleep and work data. Actual Effectiveness was computed as a percentage of the median of an individual’s top 10% fastest PVT Speeds. Paired samples t-test explored differences between on-shift and off-shift PVT Speed and TST24. Linear regression explored correlation of Predicted Effectiveness to Actual Effectiveness across 5% Effectiveness bins.

Results
Two hundred twenty (N=220) firefighters provided sleep, work, and PVT data for 1-2 weeks (Mean: 8; Range: 1-15 days) between 9/2020 to 8/2021. On-shift days accounted for 37% of study days (M: 3; R: 0-10 on-shift days). PVT Speed and TST24 were not significantly different between on-shift (Speed: 2.43±0.47; TST24: 404±163 minutes) and off-shift days (Speed: 2.44±0.48; TST24: 396±156 min; all p&gt;0.1). Linear regression across 5% SAFTE prediction bins revealed significant correlations between SAFTE Predicted Effectiveness and PVT Actual Effectiveness (R2=0.861, p&lt;.001).

Conclusion
Firefighters averaged less than 7 hours of sleep per 24-hour period whether on or off-shift. Average PVT speed was similar to performance from chronically-sleep-deprived or alcohol-impaired individuals. SAFTE-FAST Predicted Effectiveness and PVT Actual Effectiveness were distributed similarly across 5% bins. While preliminary, these findings suggest that firefighters may suffer from chronic sleep debt and impaired psychomotor vigilance that can be predicted using biomathematical modelling.

Support (If Any)
N/A
0139 Work Duration Affects How Prior-Night Sleep Predicts Next-Day Energy Expenditure in Emergency Response System Telecommunicators
Authors: Haynes Patricia , Fung Caitlin , Rojo-Wissar Darlynn , Mayer Candace , Glickenstein David , Billings Joel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
ERS telecommunicators are the first of the first responders challenged with solving complex, time-sensitive problems while managing workplace presence. Very little is known about sleep, work, and lifestyle factors among workers in this industry. One study demonstrated that 85% of ERS telecommunicators are overweight, suggesting that job-related factors may place these workers at risk for sedentary lifestyles. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether 14 day total work duration moderated the daily relationship between prior-night total sleep time and next day energy expenditure.

Methods
Over the course of 14 days (M = 6.9 days on-shift; SD = 1.9 days), 47 ERS telecommunicators were instructed to (a) wear actigraphs on their waist to gather estimates of average energy expenditure (EE, kcal/hour), (b) wear actigraphs on their wrist to gather estimates of total sleep time (min), and (c) complete daily shift logs to gather information about work duration (hours). Mixed linear modeling was employed to examine whether prior night within-subject total sleep time (TST) predicted next day energy expenditure, as moderated by between-subject work hours (n = 525 cases).

Results
A significant cross-level Work Duration x TST interaction (Estimate = .007, SE = .002, p &lt; .001, 95% CI [.003, .011]) indicated that less prior-night TST was associated with less next-day EE among telecommunicators who worked more hours over the last 14 days. Conversely, telecommunicators who worked fewer hours expended more energy per hour the next day when they slept less than usual. Simple effects indicated that for each extra 102 minutes sleep (+1 SD), telecommunicators expended 5 kcal/hr (90 kcal over 18 hours awake). These results remained stable when controlling for between-subject differences in sleep and within-subject changes in work duration, night-shift work, and other relevant covariates.

Conclusion
The effect of total sleep time on next-day EE is unique to each telecommunicator’s typical sleep levels and the total hours worked over the course of two weeks. These two risk factors operate on EE as a function of one another. Findings provide support for the implementation of policy-level intervention to minimize chronic overwork and individual-level intervention to support sleep prioritization.

Support (If Any)
UA Canyon Ranch Center for Health Promotion and Treatment
0153 Bright light exposition potentiates the vasodilation promoted by dynamic handgrip exercise
Authors: Rosa-Silva Julia , Thosar Saurabh , Azevêdo Luan , Forjaz Claudia , Brito Leandro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Bright light (~5000 lux) directed at human skin increases plasma nitric oxide concentration promoting vasodilation, with increased skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and decreased blood pressure (BP). The same stimulus directed at the eyes increases sympathetic activity, promoting vasoconstriction and increased BP. If bright light potentiates or mitigates the vasodilation promoted during exercise is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of different intensities of lights on vasodilation of the active skeletal muscle during dynamic handgrip exercise.

Methods
Eleven healthy and physically inactive adult men (29±6 years) participated of the current study. All experiments were conducted between June and July 2021, beginning at 5 PM and under constant environmental conditions. Subjects performed dynamic handgrip exercise using the dominant arm at a 90º angle in the supine position with 2 s cycles of contraction and relaxation for 6 min at 40% of maximal voluntary contraction during the three experimental condition in a randomized order: (BL) 5000 lux, Control light (CL) 500 lux, and Dim light (DL) ≤8 lux. In each condition, (BL, CL or DL), subjects remained in a rested state for 20 min before 1 min of baseline assessment followed by exercise. Conditions were always separated by 20 min of washout (under CL). Assessments comprised BF, vascular conductance (VC), and diameter of brachial artery of exercising arm (Ultrasound); BP measured in the rest arm (Photoplethysmography) and heart rate (ECG). Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures, p≤0.05.

Results
Baseline were not different (p&gt;0.05). During exercise, BF and VC increased in the three conditions, however it was potentiated by BL (p &lt; 0.0001 and p &lt; 0.0001, respectively) compared with CL (+19% and +15%, respectively) and with DL (+12% and +11%, respectively). Arterial diameter increased similarly in the three conditions. Mean BP increased in the three conditions, however it was attenuated in the BL compared with DL (-23%) and similar to CL (&lt;0.0001).

Conclusion
Bright light can potentiate skeletal muscle vasodilation during a small-mass muscle exercise attenuating the increase of BP.

Support (If Any)
The São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP 2020/11588-2.
0155 Agreement between survey and actigraphy-assessed sleep timing among adolescents in the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study
Authors: Shams-White Marissa , O'Connor Sydney , Bai Jiawei , Dooley Erin , Bowles Heather , Oh April , Saint-Maurice Pedro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Epidemiologists often deploy questionnaires or wearable monitors to quantify sleep. The extent to which self-report and device-derived sleep measures agree among adolescents are not well known. This study describes the agreement between survey and actigraphy-assessed sleep timing among adolescents in the 2014 Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study.

Methods
FLASHE survey and motion substudy participants provided data for analyses. FLASHE participants (12–17y) completed a survey that captured self-reported usual sleep and wake times on weekdays and weekends. A subset of participants also wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on the wrist for 24-hours for seven days and completed a daily log for time in/out of bed. Actigraphy-assessed sleep periods were estimated using the Sadeh algorithm. Total sleep time (TST) and sleep midpoint for weekday and weekend, social jetlag, and chronotype were computed for survey and actigraphy and means and standard deviations were examined. Paired t-tests were used to test mean differences between measures overall and stratified by sex and school level (middle vs. high school).

Results
The analytic sample included 372 U.S. adolescents: 49% were female, 53% were high schoolers, 28% had overweight/obesity, and 62% identified as non-Hispanic White. Compared to actigraphy, surveys overestimated TST by an average of 2.6h on weekdays (8.7h [SD:1.4h] vs. 6.1h [SD:1.5h], p&lt;0.001) and 3.1h on weekends (9.5h [SD:1.5h] vs. 6.4h [SD:1.8h], p&lt;0.001), and resulted in earlier weekday sleep midpoints (02:49 [SD:1h:24 min] vs. 03:40 [SD:1h, 42 min], p&lt;0.001); differences were not significant for weekend midpoints. Survey estimates were larger than actigraphy for social jetlag (1.7h [SD:1.2] vs. 0.9h [SD:1.3], p&lt;0.001) and resulted in an earlier chronotype (04:16 [SD:1h, 38min] vs. 04:30 [SD:1hr, 43 min], p=0.004). Findings remained consistent when stratified by sex and school level except for chronotype: estimates were not significantly different among females or high schoolers.

Conclusion
The large discrepancies between survey and actigraphy-based sleep timing highlight the importance of understanding what type of data each assessment method is capturing in adolescents (self-report vs. objective measures; average vs. daily sleep). Differences between self-report and device-derived sleep data should be considered during study development and when comparing results across studies.

Support (If Any)
0157 Sleep Icebreakers and Behavioral Change: If You Could Tell People Only One Thing About Sleep, What Should It Be?
Authors: Barley Blake , Walter Charles , Orselli Paul , Scullin Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Insufficient sleep is widespread in the general population, but education and outreach can combat this problem. Informal learning settings, like museums, provide unique opportunities for educating a local community. However, in such settings, engagement with the content relies on the topic’s ability to immediately incite interest. Therefore, we developed and tested a series of sleep “icebreakers” (brief, informal facts) to determine their effectiveness in eliciting interest in sleep science and encouraging behavioral change.

Methods
Five hundred and twenty-one participants were recruited via the local museum (n=103) and Amazon Mechanical Turk (n=418). Participants viewed eight sleep icebreakers (randomly-selected from a bank of 16 icebreakers) and rated whether they knew it already, if they found it interesting, and if it made them want to learn more. Participants also completed questionnaires on demographics, sleep health/attitudes, and future intended sleep behaviors.

Results
Both the museum member and general population samples showed substantial interest in sleep science, regardless of age, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, neighborhood disadvantage, prior sleep knowledge, and prior sleep health/attitudes. The most effective icebreakers related to REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep in Alzheimer’s disease, unihemispheric sleep, dreaming, and sleep state misperception. Importantly, the more the icebreakers interested participants, the more likely they were to formulate a specific plan to change their sleep behaviors (OR: 1.55, p = .001), express willingness to post to social media platforms (OR: 1.46, p &lt; .01), and indicate willingness to donate to an exhibit on sleep (OR: 2.51, p &lt; .001), even after controlling for psychosocial, sleep health/attitudes, and demographic measures.

Conclusion
If you could only tell someone one thing about sleep, there are a lot of good options. This interest in sleep science was enjoyed by individuals regardless of psychosocial, educational, and demographic backgrounds, and the icebreakers encouraged half of participants to form an intention to change their sleep behaviors. Coupling icebreakers with opportunities for personalized learning, and providing structure to formulate specific plans to change sleep behaviors, are promising directions for sleep health outreach efforts.

Support (If Any)
National Science Foundation (1920730 and 1943323)
0163 The Differential Relationship Between Berthing Habitability, Job Stress, and Workload on Self-Reported Sleep Deficiency in a Representative Sample of Sailors Attached to U.S. Navy Warships
Authors: Kubala Andrew , Jameson Jason , Markwald Rachel , Lai Kevin , Roma Peter , Russell Dale 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Berthing habitability factors (e.g., noise, temperature, lighting) and workload are known to negatively impact sleep for Sailors serving onboard United States (U.S.) Navy warships. However, it is unknown what factors have the strongest relationship with sleep outcomes. Using data from a representative sample of warships, the relationships between berthing habitability, job stress, and workload on sleep were explored.

Methods
Participants (N = 3,313; 84% ≤ 35 yrs, 55% white) from 33 warships voluntarily completed an online survey. Using structural equation modeling, latent factors of workload, job stress, and berthing habitability were modeled to test relationships with self-reported sleep deficiency. Sleep deficiency was calculated by dividing the sleep obtained on their ship (“How many hours of sleep (to include naps) per day do you get when sleeping onboard your current ship?”) by their required sleep amount (“How many hours of sleep do you require to feel well-rested?”). Job stress was modeled with three scores from questions related to job stress (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree). Habitability was modeled by the degree in which environmental factors disturbed sleep (1=not at all, 5=extremely). Workload was modeled by the hours completed performing job-related tasks (e.g., work center, watch team, training, meetings).

Results
On average, participants reported shorter sleep durations on their ship than they require (Ship: 5.2±1.4 hrs; Required: 7.0±1.3 hrs, mean±SD). Overall, habitability, job stress, and workload were negatively related to sleep deficiency (standardized βs=-0.16 to -0.26, ps &lt; 0.001, CFI/TLI &gt; 0.90, RMSEA=0.056). Among all latent constructs, larger coefficients were found for the direct path from workload to sleep deficiency than those from habitability (β1=-0.16 vs β2=-0.12). Additionally, watch team duties loaded most heavily onto the construct of workload, suggesting that it contributed most to the relationship of workload with sleep deficiency.

Conclusion
These results confirm that workload and berthing habitability are related to sleep deficiency in Sailors while serving onboard U.S. Navy Ships. Additionally, greater workload may have a stronger relationship with sleep deficiency than other factors such as habitability. Future research should utilize objective measures of sleep and workload to better estimate their relationships with sleep.

Support (If Any)
Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP) under work unit no. N2010.