bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on urban greenspace in relation to sociodemographic factors and health inequity based on different greenspace metrics in 3 US urban communities
Authors: Heo Seulkee , Bell Michelle L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Study results are inconclusive regarding how access to greenspace differs by sociodemographic status potentially due to lack of consideration of varying dimensions of greenspace.

Objective
We investigated how provision of greenspace by sociodemographic status varies by greenspace metrics reflecting coverage and accessibility of greenspace.

Methods
We used vegetation levels measured by Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), percent of greenspace, percent tree cover, percent tree cover along walkable roads, and percent of people living ≤500 m of a park entrance (park accessibility). We considered data for 2008–2013 in Census block groups in 3 US regions: New Haven, Connecticut; Baltimore, Maryland; and Durham, North Carolina. We examined geographical distribution of greenspace metrics and their associations with indicators of income, education, linguistic isolation, race/ethnicity, and age. We used logistic regression to examine associations between these greenspace metrics and age-standardized mortality controlling for sociodemographic indicators.

Results
Which region had the highest greenspace depended on the greenspace metric used. An interquartile range (33.6%) increase in low-income persons was associated with a 6.2% (95% CI: 3.1, 9.3) increase in park accessibility, whereas it was associated with 0.03 (95% CI: −0.035, −0.025) to 7.3% (95% CI: −8.7, −5.9) decreases in other greenspace metrics. A 15.5% increase in the lower-education population was associated with a 2.1% increase (95% CI: −0.3%, 4.6%) in park accessibility but decreases with other greenspace metrics (0.02 to 5.0%). These results were consistent across the 3 study areas. The odds of mortality rate more than the 75th percentile rate were inversely associated with all greenspace metrics except for annual average EVI (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 0.43, 3.79) and park accessibility (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 0.52, 3.75).

Significance
Environmental justice concerns regarding greenspace differ by the form of natural resources, and pathways of health benefits can differ by form of greenspace and socioeconomic status within communities.

Impact statement
Comparisons of exposure to greenspace between different greenspace metrics should be incorporated in decision-making within local contexts.
Natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and breakthrough infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cancer
Authors: Cortellini Alessio , Aguilar-Company Juan , Salazar Ramon , Bower Mark , Sita-Lumsden Ailsa , Plaja Andrea , Lee Alvin J. X. , Bertuzzi Alexia , Tondini Carlo , Diamantis Nikolaos , Martinez-Vila Clara , Prat Aleix , Apthorp Eleanor , Gennari Alessandra , Pinato David J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Consolidated evidence suggests spontaneous immunity from SARS-CoV-2 is not durable, leading to the risk of reinfection, especially in the context of newly emerging viral strains. In patients with cancer who survive COVID-19 prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections are unknown.

Methods
We aimed to document natural history and outcome from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in patients recruited to OnCovid (NCT04393974), an active European registry enrolling consecutive patients with a history of solid or haematologic malignancy diagnosed with COVID-19.

Results
As of December 2021, out of 3108 eligible participants, 1806 COVID-19 survivors were subsequently followed at participating institutions. Among them, 34 reinfections (1.9%) were reported after a median time of 152 days (range: 40–620) from the first COVID-19 diagnosis, and with a median observation period from the second infection of 115 days (95% CI: 27–196). Most of the first infections were diagnosed in 2020 (27, 79.4%), while most of reinfections in 2021 (25, 73.5%). Haematological malignancies were the most frequent primary tumour (12, 35%). Compared to first infections, second infections had lower prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms (52.9% vs 91.2%, P = 0.0008) and required less COVID-19-specific therapy (11.8% vs 50%, P = 0.0013). Overall, 11 patients (32.4%) and 3 (8.8%) were fully and partially vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 before the second infection, respectively. The 14-day case fatality rate was 11.8%, with four death events, none of which among fully vaccinated patients.

Conclusion
This study shows that reinfections in COVID-19 survivors with cancer are possible and more common in patients with haematological malignancies. Reinfections carry a 11% risk of mortality, which rises to 15% among unvaccinated patients, highlighting the importance of universal vaccination of patients with cancer.
A Japanese family with dystonia due to a pathogenic variant in SGCE
Authors: Morikawa Takuya , Miura Shiroh , Fan Luoming , Watanabe Emina , Fujioka Ryuta , Motooka Hiromichi , Yasumoto Shingo , Uchiyama Yusuke , Shibata Hiroki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDystonia (DYT) is a heterogeneous neurological disorder, and there are many types of DYT depending on the responsible genes. DYT11 is an autosomal dominant DYT caused by functional variants in the SGCE gene. We examined a Japanese patient with myoclonic dystonia. By using exome analysis, we identified a rare variant in the SGCE gene, NM_003919.3: c.304C > T [Arg102*], in this patient. Therefore, this patient has been molecularly diagnosed with DYT11. By Sanger sequencing, we confirmed that this variant was paternally inherited in this patient. By allele-specific PCR, we confirmed that the maternally inherited normal allele of SGCE was silenced, and only the paternally inherited variant allele was expressed in this patient. Despite the pathogenicity, identical variants have been recurrently reported in eight independent families from different ethnicities, suggesting recurrent mutations at this mutational hotspot in SGCE.
Extending the low-temperature operation of sodium metal batteries combining linear and cyclic ether-based electrolyte solutions
Authors: Wang Chuanlong , Thenuwara Akila C. , Luo Jianmin , Shetty Pralav P. , McDowell Matthew T. , Zhu Haoyu , Posada-Pérez Sergio , Xiong Hui , Hautier Geoffroy , Li Weiyang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNonaqueous sodium-based batteries are ideal candidates for the next generation of electrochemical energy storage devices. However, despite the promising performance at ambient temperature, their low-temperature (e.g., < 0 °C) operation is detrimentally affected by the increase in the electrolyte resistance and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) instability. Here, to circumvent these issues, we propose specific electrolyte formulations comprising linear and cyclic ether-based solvents and sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate salt that are thermally stable down to −150 °C and enable the formation of a stable SEI at low temperatures. When tested in the Na||Na coin cell configuration, the low-temperature electrolytes enable long-term cycling down to −80 °C. Via ex situ physicochemical (e.g., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy) electrode measurements and density functional theory calculations, we investigate the mechanisms responsible for efficient low-temperature electrochemical performance. We also report the assembly and testing between −20 °C and −60 °C of full Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 coin cells. The cell tested at −40 °C shows an initial discharge capacity of 68 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of approximately 94% after 100 cycles at 22 mA g−1.
Ultramicroporous material based parallel and extended paraffin nano-trap for benchmark olefin purification
Authors: Zhang Peixin , Yang Lifeng , Liu Xing , Wang Jun , Suo Xian , Chen Liyuan , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSelective paraffin capture from olefin/paraffin mixtures could afford high-purity olefins directly, but suffers from the issues of low separation selectivity and olefin productivity. Herein, we report an ultramicroporous material (PCP-IPA) with parallel-aligned linearly extending isophthalic acid units along the one-dimensional channel, realizing the efficient production of ultra-high purity C2H4 and C3H6 (99.99%). The periodically expanded and parallel-aligned aromatic-based units served as a paraffin nano-trap to contact with the exposed hydrogen atoms of both C2H6 and C3H8, as demonstrated by the simulation studies. PCP-IPA exhibits record separation selectivity of 2.48 and separation potential of 1.20 mol/L for C3H8/C3H6 (50/50) mixture, meanwhile the excellent C2H6/C2H4 mixture separation performance. Ultra-high purity C3H6 (99.99%) and C2H4 (99.99%) can be directly obtained through fixed-bed column from C3H8/C3H6 and C2H6/C2H4 mixtures, respectively. The record C3H6 productivity is up to 15.23 L/kg from the equimolar of C3H8/C3H6, which is 3.85 times of the previous benchmark material, demonstrating its great potential for those important industrial separations.
Fixed-point oblivious quantum amplitude-amplification algorithm
Authors: Yan Bao , Wei Shijie , Jiang Haocong , Wang Hong , Duan Qianheng , Ma Zhi , Long Gui-Lu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe quantum amplitude amplification algorithms based on Grover’s rotation operator need to perform phase flips for both the initial state and the target state. When the initial state is oblivious, the phase flips will be intractable, and we need to adopt oblivious amplitude amplification algorithm to handle. Without knowing exactly how many target items there are, oblivious amplitude amplification also suffers the “soufflé problem”, in which iterating too little “undercooks” the state and too much “overcooks” the state, both resulting in a mostly non-target final state. In this work, we present a fixed-point oblivious quantum amplitude-amplification (FOQA) algorithm by introducing damping based on methods proposed by A. Mizel. Moreover, we construct the quantum circuit to implement our algorithm under the framework of duality quantum computing. Our algorithm can avoid the “soufflé problem”, meanwhile keep the square speedup of quantum search, serving as a subroutine to improve the performance of quantum algorithms containing oblivious amplitude amplification procedure.
Honghua extract mediated potent inhibition of COVID-19 host cell pathways
Authors: Madikyzy Malika , Tilegen Meruyert , Nazarbek Guldan , Mu Chenglin , Kutzhanova Aidana , Li Xugang , Ma Cuiping , Xie Yingqiu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHonghua (Carthami flos) and Xihonghua (Croci stigma) have been used in anti-COVID-19 as Traditional Chinese Medicine, but the mechanism is unclear. In this study, we applied network pharmacology by analysis of active compounds and compound-targets networks, enzyme kinetics assay, signaling pathway analysis and investigated the potential mechanisms of anti-COVID-19. We found that both herbs act on signaling including kinases, response to inflammation and virus. Moreover, crocin likely has an antiviral effect due to its high affinity towards the human ACE2 receptor by simulation. The extract of Honghua and Xihonghua exhibited nanozyme/herbzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase, with distinct fluorescence. Thus, our data suggest the great potential of Honghua in the development of anti-COVID-19 agents.
Antibacterial and in vivo toxicological studies of Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposite synthesized via cost effective methods
Authors: Qayyum Asifa , Batool Zahida , Fatima Mahvish , Buzdar Saeed Ahmad , Ullah Hafeez , Nazir Aalia , Jabeen Qaiser , Siddique Sofia , Imran Rimsha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this research work, Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites have been synthesized via an eco-friendly green synthesis technique, solgel route and co-precipitation method respectively for the assessment of antibacterial activity as well as in vivo toxicity. The XRD patterns confirm the formation of Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites showing monoclinic structures. Crystallite size and lattice strain are calculated by Scherrer equation, Scherrer plot and Willimson Hall plot methods. Average crystallite size measured for Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites by Scherrer equation, Scherrer plot and WH-plot methods are (5.1, 13.9, 11.5)nm, (5.4, 14.2, 11.3)nm and (5.2, 13.5, 12.0)nm respectively. Optical properties such as absorption peaks and band-gap energies are studied by UV–vis spectroscopy. The FTIR peaks at 513 cm−1, 553 cm−1and 855 cm−1confirms the successful synthesis of Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites. The antibacterial activity of synthesized Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites is examined against two gram-negative (Escherichia coliand pseudomonas) as well as gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereusandStaphylococcus aureus) at dose 25 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg by disk diffusion technique. Zone of inhibition for Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO at dose 40 mg/kg againstE. coli(gram − ve) are 12 mm, 17 mm and 18 mm respectively and againstPseudomonas(gram − ve) are 28 mm, 19 mm and 21 mm respectively. While the zone of inhibition for Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO at dose 40 mg/kg againstB. cereus(gram + ve) are 8 mm and 8.5 mm respectively and againstS. aureus(gram + ve) are 5 mm and 10.5 mm respectively. These amazing results reveal that Bi2O3, Bi2O3/GO and Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposite as a kind of antibacterial content, have enormous potential for biomedical applications. In addition, the in vivo toxicity of synthesized Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposite is investigated onSwiss Albinomice at dose of 20 mg/kg by evaluating immune response, hematology and biochemistry at the time period of 2, 7, 14 and 30 days. No severe damage is observed in mice during whole treatment. Thepvalue calculated by statistical analysis of hematological and biochemistry tests is nonsignificant which ensures that synthesized nanocomposites are safe and non-toxic as they do not affect mice significantly. This study proves that Bi2O3/CuO/GO nanocomposites are biocompatible and can be explored further for different biomedical applications.
iPSCs derived from infertile men carrying complex genetic abnormalities can generate primordial germ-like cells
Authors: Mouka Aurélie , Arkoun Brahim , Moison Pauline , Drévillon Loïc , Jarray Rafika , Brisset Sophie , Mayeur Anne , Bouligand Jérôme , Boland-Auge Anne , Deleuze Jean-François , Yates Frank , Lemonnier Thomas , Callier Patrick , Duffourd Yannis , Nitschke Patrick , Ollivier Emmanuelle , Bourdin Arnaud , De Vos John , Livera Gabriel , Tachdjian Gérard , Maouche-Chrétien Leïla , Tosca Lucie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite increasing insight into the genetics of infertility, the developmental disease processes remain unclear due to the lack of adequate experimental models. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has provided a unique tool for in vitro disease modeling enabling major advances in our understanding of developmental disease processes. We report the full characterization of complex genetic abnormalities in two infertile patients with either azoospermia or XX male syndrome and we identify genes of potential interest implicated in their infertility. Using the erythroblasts of both patients, we generated primed iPSCs and converted them into a naive-like pluripotent state. Naive-iPSCs were then differentiated into primordial germ-like cells (PGC-LCs). The expression of early PGC marker genes SOX17, CD-38, NANOS3, c-KIT, TFAP2C, and D2-40, confirmed progression towards the early germline stage. Our results demonstrate that iPSCs from two infertile patients with significant genetic abnormalities are capable of efficient production of PGCs. Such in vitro model of infertility will certainly help identifying causative factors leading to early germ cells development failure and provide a valuable tool to explore novel therapeutic strategies.
A promising antimicrobial bionanocomposite based poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) reinforced silver doped zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammad I. , Alsafadi Diya , Alamry Khalid A. , Oves Mohammad , Alosaimi Abeer M. , Hussein Mahmoud A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA bionanocomposite based on biosynthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and reinforced with silver@zinc oxide (Ag–ZnO) was synthesized in variable loadings of Ag–ZnO using the in-situ casting dissolution technique. The degradable biopolymer PHBV had been biosynthesized from date waste as a renewable carbon source. The fabricated products were investigated as promising antibacterial materials. The Ag–ZnO nanoparticles were also synthesized using the green method in the presence of Gum Arabic. The Ag–ZnO nanoparticles were loaded within the PHBV biopolymer backbone at concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%, PHBV/Ag–ZnO(1,3,5,10%). The chemical structure, morphology, physical and thermal properties of the PHBV/Ag–ZnO bionanocomposites were assessed via common characterization tools of FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM and EDX. One step of the degradation process was observed in the range of 200–220 °C for all the obtained materials. The onset degradation temperature of the bionanocomposites have been noticeably increased with increasing the nanofiller loading percentage. In addition, fabricated products were investigated for their interesting antibacterial performance. A detailed biological screening for the obtained products was confirmed against some selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Overall, the bionanocomposite PHBV/Ag–ZnO(10%) was the most potent against both types of the selected bacteria. The order of bacterial growth inhibition on the surface of the fabricated bionanocomposites was detected as follows: PHBV/Ag–ZnO(10%) > PHBV/Ag–ZnO(5%) > PHBV/Ag–ZnO(3%) > PHBV/Ag–ZnO(1%).
3D geodynamic-geomorphologic modelling of deformation and exhumation at curved plate boundaries: Implications for the southern Alaskan plate corner
Authors: Koptev Alexander , Nettesheim Matthias , Falkowski Sarah , Ehlers Todd A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlate corners with extreme exhumation rates are important because they offer a perspective for understanding the interactions between tectonics and surface processes. The southern Alaskan margin with its curved convergent plate boundary and associated zones of localized uplift is a prime location to study active orogeny. Here, we present the results of fully-coupled thermo-mechanical (geodynamic) and geomorphologic numerical modelling, the design of which captures the key features of the studied area: subduction of oceanic lithosphere (Pacific plate) is adjacent to a pronounced asymmetric indenter dipping at a shallow angle (Yakutat microplate), which in turn is bounded to the east by a dextral strike-slip shear zone (Fairweather fault). The resulting first-order deformation/rock uplift patterns show strong similarities with observations. In particular, relatively young thermochronological ages are reproduced along the plate-bounding (Fairweather) transform fault and in the area of its transition to convergence (the St. Elias syntaxis). The focused exhumation of the Chugach Core also finds its equivalent in model predicted zones of high rock uplift rates in an isolated region above the indenter. From these results, we suggest that the general exhumation patterns observed in southern Alaska are controlled by mutually reinforcing effects of tectonic deformation and surface erosion processes.
The compound losartan cream inhibits scar formation via TGF-β/Smad pathway
Authors: Zhao Wan-Yi , Zhang Li-Yun , Wang Zheng-Cai , Fang Qing-Qing , Wang Xiao-Feng , Du Yong-Zhong , Shi Bang-Hui , Lou Dong , Xuan Gui-Da , Tan Wei-Qiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role of angiotensin receptor blocker in wound healing and cutaneous fibrosis has become a hotspot in recent years. We have developed a losartan cream that is comparable to triamcinolone ointment in inhibiting scarring. Considering the effects of chitosan and asiaticoside on wound healing and scarring, we added them to the losartan cream this time and improved the formula, expecting to get a better anti-scarring effect. The effects of creams were investigated on mouse scar model with triamcinolone ointment, onion extract gel, and commercial asiaticoside cream set as positive controls. A preliminary exploration of the mechanism involved in TGF-β/Smad pathway was performed in vivo and in vitro. With all results of anti-scarring, the compound losartan cream (containing chitosan, asiaticoside, and losartan) shows the best effect, followed by the chitosan asiaticoside cream. The treatment of the compound losartan cream inhibited expression of TGF-β1, collagen, and Smads, and decreased phosphorylation of Smad in vivo. These inhibitory effects were also confirmed in vitro. Our findings indicated that the compound losartan cream could inhibit scarring via TGF-β/Smad pathway. This cream might be an effective option for scar treatment.
Saliva microbiome, dietary, and genetic markers are associated with suicidal ideation in university students
Authors: Ahrens Angelica P. , Sanchez-Padilla Diego E. , Drew Jennifer C. , Oli Monika W. , Roesch Luiz F. W. , Triplett Eric W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHere, salivary microbiota and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were compared between 47 (12.6%) young adults with recent suicidal ideation (SI) and 325 (87.4%) controls without recent SI. Several bacterial taxa were correlated with SI after controlling for sleep issues, diet, and genetics. Four MHC class II alleles were protective for SI including DRB1*04, which was absent in every subject with SI while present in 21.7% of controls. Increased incidence of SI was observed with four other MHC class II alleles and two MHC class I alleles. Associations between these HLA alleles and salivary bacteria were also identified. Furthermore, rs10437629, previously associated with attempted suicide, was correlated here with SI and the absence of Alloprevotella rava, a producer of an organic acid known to promote brain energy homeostasis. Hence, microbial-genetic associations may be important players in the diathesis-stress model for suicidal behaviors.
Pollen beetle offspring is more parasitized under moderate nitrogen fertilization of oilseed rape due to more attractive volatile signal
Authors: Zolotarjova Valentina , Remmel Triinu , Kännaste Astrid , Kaasik Riina , Niinemets Ülo , Veromann Eve 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiocontrol providing parasitoids can orientate according to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of their host’s plants, the emission of which is potentially dependent on the availability of soil nitrogen (N). This paper aimed at finding the optimal N fertilization rate for oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to favor parasitism of pollen beetles (Brassicogethes aeneus Fab. syn. Meligethes aeneus Fab.) in a controlled environment. Pollen beetles preferred to oviposit into buds of plants growing under higher N fertilization, whereas their parasitoids favored moderate N fertilization. As a part of induced defense, the proportion of volatile products of glucosinolate pathway in the total oilseed rape VOC emission blend was increased. Our results suggest that the natural biological control of pollen beetle herbivory is best supported by moderate N fertilization rates.