bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sputtering Pressure on Electrochromic Properties of NiO films Prepared by DC Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Li Haonan , Li Yuechan , Li Xiuxiu , Xie An , Sun Dongya , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2022

In this paper, nickel oxide films were deposited on ITO-coated glass substrates by DC magnetron sputtering at different pressures(1.2 Pa ∼ 3.0 Pa). The effects of sputtering pressure on microstructure and electrochromic properties of nickel oxide films were investigated. The film thickness was measured by a surface profilometer. The crystal structure and surface morphology of the films were observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochromic properties of the films were studied by combining UV-visible spectrophotometer with electrochemical workstation. The results showed that the nickel oxide film obtained the best surface morphology (uniform grain size and the fewer surface cracks) and outstanding electrochromic performances, including large transmittance modulation (ΔT = 57.19%), high coloration efficiency (CE = 33.59 cm2·C−1) and fast switching speed (tc = 4.63 s, tb = 4.87 s) at a wavelength of 550 nm when the sputtering pressure was 2.4 Pa. And after 500 electrochemical cycles, the transmittance modulation could continue to increase to 61.49% and the coloration efficiency can still be maintained at about 28.21 cm2·C−1, which showed excellent cycling durability.
A Dynamic rRNA Ribomethylome Drives Stemness in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhou Fengbiao , Aroua Nesrine , Liu Yi , Rohde Christian , Cheng Jingdong , Wirth Anna-Katharina , Fijalkowska Daria , Göllner Stefanie , Lotze Michelle , Yun Haiyang , Yu Xiaobing , Pabst Caroline , Sauer Tim , Oellerich Thomas , Serve Hubert , Röllig Christoph , Bornhäuser Martin , Thiede Christian , Baldus Claudia , Frye Michaela , Raffel Simon , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Jeremias Irmela , Beckmann Roland , Trumpp Andreas , Müller-Tidow Carsten 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The development and regulation of malignant self-renewal remain unresolved issues. Here, we provide biochemical, genetic, and functional evidence that dynamics in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 2′-O-methylation regulate leukemia stem cell (LSC) activity in vivo. A comprehensive analysis of the rRNA 2′-O-methylation landscape of 94 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) revealed dynamic 2′-O-methylation specifically at exterior sites of ribosomes. The rRNA 2′-O-methylation pattern is closely associated with AML development stage and LSC gene expression signature. Forced expression of the 2′-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin (FBL) induced an AML stem cell phenotype and enabled engraftment of non-LSC leukemia cells in NSG mice. Enhanced 2′-O-methylation redirected the ribosome translation program toward amino acid transporter mRNAs enriched in optimal codons and subsequently increased intracellular amino acid levels. Methylation at the single site 18S-guanosine 1447 was instrumental for LSC activity. Collectively, our work demonstrates that dynamic 2′-O-methylation at specific sites on rRNAs shifts translational preferences and controls AML LSC self-renewal.

Significance:
We establish the complete rRNA 2′-O-methylation landscape in human AML. Plasticity of rRNA 2′-O-methylation shifts protein translation toward an LSC phenotype. This dynamic process constitutes a novel concept of how cancers reprogram cell fate and function.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247
Intraventricular B7-H3 CAR T Cells for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Preliminary First-in-Human Bioactivity and Safety
Authors: Vitanza Nicholas A. , Wilson Ashley L. , Huang Wenjun , Seidel Kristy , Brown Christopher , Gustafson Joshua A. , Yokoyama Jason K. , Johnson Adam J. , Baxter Blake A. , Koning Ryan W. , Reid Aquene N. , Meechan Michael , Biery Matthew C. , Myers Carrie , Rawlings-Rhea Stephanie D. , Albert Catherine M. , Browd Samuel R. , Hauptman Jason S. , Lee Amy , Ojemann Jeffrey G. , Berens Michael E. , Dun Matthew D. , Foster Jessica B. , Crotty Erin E. , Leary Sarah E.S. , Cole Bonnie L. , Perez Francisco A. , Wright Jason N. , Orentas Rimas J. , Chour Tony , Newell Evan W. , Whiteaker Jeffrey R. , Zhao Lei , Paulovich Amanda G. , Pinto Navin , Gust Juliane , Gardner Rebecca A. , Jensen Michael C. , Park Julie R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains a fatal brainstem tumor demanding innovative therapies. As B7-H3 (CD276) is expressed on central nervous system (CNS) tumors, we designed B7-H3–specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, confirmed their preclinical efficacy, and opened BrainChild-03 (NCT04185038), a first-in-human phase I trial administering repeated locoregional B7-H3 CAR T cells to children with recurrent/refractory CNS tumors and DIPG. Here, we report the results of the first three evaluable patients with DIPG (including two who enrolled after progression), who received 40 infusions with no dose-limiting toxicities. One patient had sustained clinical and radiographic improvement through 12 months on study. Patients exhibited correlative evidence of local immune activation and persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) B7-H3 CAR T cells. Targeted mass spectrometry of CSF biospecimens revealed modulation of B7-H3 and critical immune analytes (CD14, CD163, CSF-1, CXCL13, and VCAM-1). Our data suggest the feasibility of repeated intracranial B7-H3 CAR T-cell dosing and that intracranial delivery may induce local immune activation.

Significance:
This is the first report of repeatedly dosed intracranial B7-H3 CAR T cells for patients with DIPG and includes preliminary tolerability, the detection of CAR T cells in the CSF, CSF cytokine elevations supporting locoregional immune activation, and the feasibility of serial mass spectrometry from both serum and CSF.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
Oviductal Glycoprotein 1 Promotes Hypertension by Inducing Vascular Remodeling Through an Interaction With MYH9
Authors: Bai Congxia , Su Ming , Zhang Yaohua , Lin Yahui , Sun Yingying , Song Li , Xiao Ning , Xu Haochen , Wen Hongyan , Zhang Meng , Ping Jiedan , Liu Jing , Hui Rutai , Li Hao , Chen Jingzhou 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hypertension is a common cardiovascular disease that is related to genetic and environmental factors, but its mechanisms remain unclear. DNA methylation, a classic epigenetic modification, not only regulates gene expression but is also susceptible to environmental factors, linking environmental factors to genetic modification. Therefore, globally screening differential genomic DNA methylation in patients with hypertension is important for investigating hypertension mechanisms.

Methods:

Differential genomic DNA methylation in patients with hypertension, individuals with prehypertension, and healthy control individuals was screened using Illumina 450K BeadChip and verified by pyrosequencing. Plasma OVGP1 (oviduct glycoprotein 1) levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Ovgp1
transgenic and knockout mice were generated to analyze the function of OVGP1. The blood pressure levels of the mouse models were measured using the tail-cuff system and radiotelemetry methods. The role of OVGP1 in vascular remodeling was determined by vascular relaxation studies. Protein–protein interactions were investigated using a pull-down/mass spectrometry assay and verified with coimmunoprecipitation and pull-down assays.

Results:

We found a hypomethylated site at cg20823859 in the promoter region of
OVGP1
and plasma OVGP1 levels were significantly increased in patients with hypertension. This finding indicates that OVGP1 is associated with hypertension. In
Ovgp1
transgenic mice, OVGP1 overexpression caused an increase in blood pressure, dysfunctional vasoconstriction and vasodilation, remodeling of arterial walls, and increased vascular superoxide stress and inflammation, and these phenomena were exacerbated by angiotensin II infusion. In contrast, OVGP1 deficiency attenuated angiotensin II–induced vascular oxidase stress, inflammation, and collagen deposition. These findings indicate that OVGP1 is a prohypertensive factor that directly promotes vascular remodeling. Pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that MYH9 (nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA) interacted with OVGP1, whereas inhibition of MYH9 attenuated OVGP1-induced hypertension and vascular remodeling.

Conclusions:

Hypomethylation at cg20823859 in the promoter region of
OVGP1
is associated with hypertension and induces upregulation of OVGP1. The interaction between OVGP1 and MYH9 contributes to vascular remodeling and dysfunction. Therefore, OVGP1 is a prohypertensive factor that promotes vascular remodeling by binding with MYH9.
Temperature Control After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Wolfrum Sebastian , Roedl Kevin , Hanebutte Alexia , Pfeifer Rüdiger , Kurowski Volkhard , Riessen Reimer , Daubmann Anne , Braune Stephan , Söffker Gerold , Bibiza-Freiwald Eric , Wegscheider Karl , Schunkert Heribert , Thiele Holger , Kluge Stefan ,   for the Hypothermia After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Study Group
Published: October 2022

Background:
This study was conducted to determine the effect of hypothermic temperature control after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) on mortality and functional outcome as compared with normothermia.

Methods:
An investigator initiated, open-label, blinded-outcome-assessor, multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing hypothermic temperature control (32-34°C) for 24 h with normothermia after IHCA in 11 hospitals in Germany. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality after 180 days. Secondary end points included in-hospital mortality and favorable functional outcome using the Cerebral Performance Category scale after 180 days. A Cerebral Performance Category score of 1 or 2 was defined as a favorable functional outcome.

Results:

A total of 1055 patients were screened for eligibility and 249 patients were randomized: 126 were assigned to hypothermic temperature control and 123 to normothermia. The mean age of the cohort was 72.6±10.4 years, 64% (152 of 236) were male, 73% (166 of 227) of cardiac arrests were witnessed, 25% (57 of 231) had an initial shockable rhythm, and time to return of spontaneous circulation was 16.4±10.5 minutes. Target temperature was reached within 4.2±2.8 hours after randomization in the hypothermic group and temperature was controlled for 48 hours at 37.0°±0.9°C in the normothermia group. Mortality by day 180 was 72.5% (87 of 120) in hypothermic temperature control arm, compared with 71.2% (84 of 118) in the normothermia group (relative risk, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.79–1.40];
P
=0.822). In-hospital mortality was 62.5% (75 of 120) in the hypothermic temperature control as compared with 57.6% (68 of 118) in the normothermia group (relative risk, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.86–1.46,
P
=0.443). Favorable functional outcome (Cerebral Performance Category 1 or 2) by day 180 was 22.5% (27 of 120) in the hypothermic temperature control, compared with 23.7% (28 of 118) in the normothermia group (relative risk, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.78–1.44];
P
=0.822). The study was prematurely terminated because of futility.

Conclusions:
Hypothermic temperature control as compared with normothermia did not improve survival nor functional outcome at day 180 in patients presenting with coma after IHCA. The HACA in-hospital trial (Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest in-hospital) was underpowered and may have failed to detect clinically important differences between hypothermic temperature control and normothermia.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT00457431.
Peripheral Immune Cell Composition is Altered in Women Before and After a Hypertension Diagnosis
Authors: Kresovich Jacob K. , Xu Zongli , O’Brien Katie M. , Parks Christine G. , Weinberg Clarice R. , Sandler Dale P. , Taylor Jack A. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The development and consequences of hypertension involve multiple biological systems that may include changes in immune profiles. Whether hypertension is related to peripheral immune cell composition has not been examined in large human cohorts.

Methods:
We estimated circulating proportions of 12 leukocyte subsets from the lymphoid and myeloid lineages by deconvolving cell-type-specific DNA methylation data from 4124 women. Hypertension status at baseline was defined by current use of antihypertensive medication and blood pressure measurements while new incident cases were identified during follow-up via annual health questionnaires.

Results:

Among hypertension-free women at baseline, higher B cell and lower naïve CD4+ helper T cell proportions were associated with subsequent increased hazard of hypertension incidence (B cells; adjusted HR: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.02–1.35];
P
=0.03; naïve CD4+ T cell, adjusted HR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.78–0.99];
P
=0.04). Blood pressure measurements at baseline were similarly positively associated with B cells and inversely associated with naïve CD4+ helper T cells. Compared to normotensive women, women with hypertension had higher circulating proportions of neutrophils (adjusted odds ratio: 1.18 [95% CI: 1.07–1.31];
P
=0.001) and lower proportions of CD4+ helper T cells (adjusted odds ratio: 0.90 [95% CI: 0.81–1.00]
P
=0.05), natural killers (adjusted odds ratio: 0.82 [95% CI: 0.74–0.91];
P
<0.001), and B cells (adjusted odds ratio: 0.84 [95% CI: 0.74–0.96];
P
=0.01).

Conclusions:
These observations suggest that shifts in lymphocyte subsets occur before hypertension development, followed by later changes to neutrophils and additional lymphocytes.
Metabolome-Wide Association Study of Cord Blood Metabolites With Blood Pressure in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Brady Tammy M. , Buckley Jessie P. , Appel Lawrence J. , Hong Xiumei , Wang Guoying , Liang Liming , Wang Xiaobin , Mueller Noel T. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
No studies have examined whether the cord blood metabolome—a reflection of in utero metabolism—influences blood pressure (BP) in children.

Objectives:
To examine prospective associations of cord blood metabolites with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and risk of elevated BP in childhood and adolescence.

Methods:
In the Boston Birth Cohort, we measured metabolites in cord blood plasma, and SBP and DBP at clinic visits between 3 and 18 years. We examined associations of cord metabolites with SBP and DBP percentiles using linear mixed models and with elevated BP using mixed-effects Poisson regression.

Results:
Our study included 902 mother-child dyads (60% Black, 23% Hispanic, 45% female). Children were followed for a median of 9.2 (interquartile range, 6.7–11.7) years, and the median number of BP observations per child was 7 (interquartile range, 4–11). After false discovery rate correction, 3 metabolites were associated with SBP, 96 with DBP, and 24 with elevated BP; 2 metabolites (1-methylnicotinamide, dimethylguanidino valeric acid) were associated with all 3 outcomes, and 21 metabolites were associated with both DBP and elevated BP. After multivariable adjustment, 48 metabolites remained significantly associated with DBP. Metabolites that showed the strongest associations with SBP, DBP, and elevated BP included nucleotides (eg, xanthosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine) and acylcarnitines (eg, C6 and C7 carnitines), which represent fatty acid oxidation and purine metabolism pathways.

Conclusions:
In our urban and predominantly racial/ethnic minority cohort, we provide evidence that metabolomic alterations in utero, in particular, acylcarnitine- and purine-metabolism metabolites, may be involved in the early life origins of hypertension.
Rush hour: arboreal mammal activity patterns in natural canopy bridges in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Gregory Tremaine , Carrasco-Rueda Farah , Balbuena Diego , Kolowski Joseph 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Canopy bridges are an increasingly popular method to mitigate linear infrastructure fragmentation impacts, but little is known about when, over the course of the day and night, they are used. Natural canopy bridges monitored with camera traps provide an excellent source of information on community-wide arboreal mammal activity patterns, which are otherwise challenging to document. Natural bridges represent a hotspot of activity, being bottleneck crossing points over linear infrastructure, and cameras provide 24-hour monitoring capability. We monitored 20 natural canopy bridges over pipeline clearings distributed at two sites in the Peruvian Amazon for over a year using camera traps. Across 11 492 camera trap nights, we recorded 5165 events of 27 arboreal mammal species and used these events to describe both overall mammal activity in natural canopy bridges and activity patterns for the most frequently registered species: Aotus nigriceps, Potos flavus, Bassaricyon alleni, Caluromys lanatus, Coendou ichillus, and Sapajus apella. The long duration of our study allowed us to investigate potential changes in activity patterns resulting from seasonality and disturbance associated with pipeline construction, and the inclusion of two study sites allowed comparisons between them. We found substantially more mammalian activity in bridges during the night (87.4%) than the day, with only one of the most frequently registered species being diurnal (S. apella). Changes in activity between disturbance phases and seasons were only apparent for C. ichillus, and comparisons across species revealed differences in activity peaks, such as a unique peak early in the night for A. nigriceps. Our data provide some of the first substantial activity information for the species evaluated and help elucidate temporal patterns of canopy bridge usage to be expected for arboreal Neotropical wildlife. Knowing when to expect bridge use helps both guide the design of mitigation plans for future projects that include natural and artificial canopy bridges and identify the best monitoring methods. Given the high rate of nocturnal activity we observed, we recommend mitigation plans consider limiting human activity on linear infrastructure at night, if possible, and consider the requirements of nocturnal species in bridge designs. We also recommend camera trapping for monitoring.
Religions by Continent
Authors: Johnson Todd M. , Crossing Peter F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To supplement our global assessment of 18 religions in a previous article in this issue of the journal, here we offer analysis of religious affiliation by the globe and six continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Northern America, and Oceania. Estimates of religious affiliation are made for four dates, 1970, 2000, 2022, and projections for 2030. We also contrast growth in two 30-year periods, 1970–2000 and 2000–2030. These global and continental tables are based on country data (World Religion Database). United Nations regional tables (e.g., Western Africa) can also be constructed from the country data.
The Impact of Constrained Data Assimilation on the Forecasts of Three Convection Systems during the ARM MC3E Field Campaign
Authors: Wang Jia , Zhang Minghua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A constrained data assimilation (CDA) system based on the ensemble variational (EnVar) method and physical constraints of mass and water conservations is evaluated through three convective cases during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. Compared to the original data assimilation (ODA), the CDA is shown to perform better in the forecasted state variables and simulated precipitation. The CDA is also shown to greatly mitigate the loss of forecast skills in observation denial experiments when radar radial winds are withheld in the assimilation. Modifications to the algorithm and sensitivities of the CDA to the calculation of the time tendencies in the constraints are described.
Contribution of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and contrast-enhanced thoracic CT texture analyses to the differentiation of benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes
Authors: Bülbül Ogün , Bülbül Hande Melike , Tertemiz Kemal Can , Çapa Kaya Gamze , Gürel Duygu , Ulukuş Emine Çağnur , Gezer Naciye Sinem 
Published: October 2022

Background Texture analysis and machine learning methods are useful in distinguishing between benign and malignant tissues. Purpose To discriminate benign from malignant or metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) texture analyses with machine learning and determine lung cancer subtypes based on the analysis of lymph nodes. Material and Methods Suitable texture features were entered into the algorithms. Features that statistically significantly differed between the lymph nodes with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), adenocarcinoma (ADC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were determined. Results The most successful algorithms were decision tree with the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) values of 89%, 50%, and 0.692, respectively, and naive Bayes (NB) with the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of 50%, 81%, and 0.756, respectively, for PET/CT, and NB with the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of 10%, 96%, and 0.515, respectively, and logistic regression with the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of 21%, 83%, and 0.631, respectively, for CT. In total, 13 features were able to differentiate SCLC and ADC, two features SCLC and SCC, and 33 features ADC and SCC lymph node metastases in PET/CT. One feature differed between SCLC and ADC metastases in CT. Conclusion Texture analysis is beneficial to discriminate between benign and malignant lymph nodes and differentiate lung cancer subtypes based on the analysis of lymph nodes.
Morphological analysis of the posterior elements of associated both-column acetabular fractures
Authors: Ye Kai , Shen Longxiang , Tang Jianfei , An Zhiquan 
Published: October 2022

Background It is still in dispute as to whether a posterior approach is applied to reduce the posterior fractures of associated both-column acetabular fractures (ABC-AFs). Purpose To analyze the morphological changes in the posterior elements including the posterior column (PC) and/or associated posterior wall (PW) fragments to provide a reference for surgical planning. Material and Methods The 3D computed tomography (CT) data of 100 cases of ABC-AFs were retrospectively analyzed using Mimics and 3-Matic software. The line distribution of the retroacetabular surface (RAS), the acetabular fossa, and the size of the PW fragments were analyzed. Results Fracture lines (n = 89) on RAS appeared in three patterns: transverse lines (n = 41) on the cephalic (65.8%) and caudal (29.3%) thirds; oblique lines (n = 34) on the mid-caudal thirds; and multifragmentary lines (n = 14). The lines of the displaced PW fragment (n = 61) were widely distributed in intra- and extra-articular regions. The mean radian of the PW fragments was >90° in 67.2% of cases and involved anteriorly to the vertex in 90.2% of cases. The average fracture span on the RAS was 0.60–1.00 in 63.9% of cases. The mean length of the spike of PW fragments was >20 mm in 80.3% of cases. Discussion For PC fractures, transverse lines on the cephalic third of RAS indicated a possibility of the anterior approach, while transverse lines on the distal third or oblique and multifragmentary lines suggest the posterior approach. A displaced PW fragment was involved more extensively both intra-and extra-articularly and may be optimally treated via a posterior approach.