bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex Vivo Maturation of 3D-Printed, Chondrocyte-Laden, Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds Prior to Transplantation Improves Engineered Cartilage Substitute Properties and Integration
Authors: Chiesa-Estomba Carlos M. , Hernáez-Moya Raquel , Rodiño Claudia , Delgado Alba , Fernández-Blanco Gonzalo , Aldazabal Javier , Paredes Jacobo , Izeta Ander , Aiastui Ana 
Published: October 2022

Objective The surgical management of nasal septal defects due to perforations, malformations, congenital cartilage absence, traumatic defects, or tumors would benefit from availability of optimally matured septal cartilage substitutes. Here, we aimed to improve in vitro maturation of 3-dimensional (3D)-printed, cell-laden polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds and test their in vivo performance in a rabbit auricular cartilage model. Design Rabbit auricular chondrocytes were isolated, cultured, and seeded on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds. The scaffolds were cultured for 21 days in vitro under standard culture media and normoxia or in prochondrogenic and hypoxia conditions, respectively. Cell-laden scaffolds (as well as acellular controls) were implanted into perichondrium pockets of New Zealand white rabbit ears ( N = 5 per group) and followed up for 12 weeks. At study end point, the tissue-engineered scaffolds were extracted and tested by histological, immunohistochemical, mechanical, and biochemical assays. Results Scaffolds previously matured in vitro under prochondrogenic hypoxic conditions showed superior mechanical properties as well as improved patterns of cartilage matrix deposition, chondrogenic gene expression ( COL1A1, COL2A1, ACAN, SOX9, COL10A1), and proteoglycan production in vivo, compared with scaffolds cultured in standard conditions. Conclusions In vitro maturation of engineered cartilage scaffolds under prochondrogenic conditions that better mimic the in vivo environment may be beneficial to improve functional properties of the engineered grafts. The proposed maturation strategy may also be of use for other tissue-engineered constructs and may ultimately impact survival and integration of the grafts in the damaged tissue microenvironment.
Biological Reconstruction of Localized Full-Thickness Cartilage Defects of the Knee: A Systematic Review of Level 1 Studies with a Minimum Follow-Up of 5 Years
Authors: Angele Peter , Zellner Johannes , Schröter Steffen , Flechtenmacher Johannes , Fritz Jürgen , Niemeyer Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the best available mid- to long-term evidence of surgical procedures for the treatment of localized full-thickness cartilage defects of the knee. Design Systematic review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines of Level 1 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), meta-analyses of RCTs and systematic reviews with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Data extracted included patient demographics, defect characteristics, clinical and radiological outcomes, as well as treatment failures. Results Six RCTs and 3 Level 1 systematic reviews were included. Two RCTs compared microfracture (MFx) to periosteum-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI-P), 1 to matrix-associated ACI (M-ACI) and 2 to osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT). One study compared OAT to collagen membrane covered ACI (ACI-C). The 3 Level 1 systematic reviews/meta-analyses assessed the outcome of MFx, OAT, and various ACI methods in RCTs. OAT showed significantly better outcomes compared with MFx. In the 2 RCTs comparing ACI-P and MFx, no significant differences in clinical outcomes were seen, whereas significantly better outcomes were reported for M-ACI versus MFx in 1 study including patients with larger defects (5 cm2), and for ACI-C versus OAT in terms of Cincinnati Score. Higher failure rates were reported for MFx compared with OAT and for OAT compared with ACI-C, while no significant differences in failure rates were observed for ACI-P compared to MFx. Conclusion Restorative cartilage procedures (ACI-C or M-ACI and OAT) are associated with better long-term clinical outcomes including lower complication and failure rates when compared with reparative techniques (MFx). Among the restorative procedures, OAT seems to be inferior to ACI especially in larger defects after longer follow-up periods. Level of evidence: Level I: Systematic review of Level I studies
Relationship between bullous pemphigoid and metabolic syndrome: a 12-year case–control study conducted in China
Authors: Zhang Bingjie , Chen Xinyi , Liu Yangchun , Chen Fangyuan , Yang Nan , Li Li 
Published: October 2022

Background: Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity are prevalent in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) and are all components of metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the prevalence of MS in patients with BP is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between MS and BP and to define the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with both conditions. Methods: This retrospective case–control study was conducted for 12 years at Peking Union Medical College (162 with BP and 162 age and sex-matched controls). The components of MS were analyzed and logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for BP. In addition, the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with BP ± MS were compared. Results: The prevalence of MS in patients with BP was 35.2% and that in controls was 14.8% ( p < 0.001). After adjustment for sex and age, multivariate analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between BP and MS [odds ratio (OR) 2.490, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.040–5.963], diabetes (OR 1.870, 95% CI 1.029–3.396), and overweight or obesity (OR 1.807, 95% CI 1.026–3.182). In the BP group, participants with MS were older ( p = 0.006), were less likely to present erythema ( p = 0.028), and had higher serum C3 ( p = 0.007) and incidence of infection within 1 year of their diagnosis ( p = 0.035) than participants without MS. Conclusion: MS and its components hyperglycemia and overweight were found to be independently associated with BP. Therefore, clinicians should screen for MS in patients with BP, especially if they are older, present less erythema, or have a high serum C3.
Improving the quality of family meeting documentation in the ICU at the end of life
Authors: Kennedy Aaron C. , Jones Daryl A. , Eastwood Glenn M. , Wellington Duncan , See Emily , Lewis Jane E. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Improve documentation quality of end-of-life family meetings in a tertiary intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Before-and-after interventional quality improvement project between October 2018 and February 2020 utilising an electronic pro-forma record. Setting: Australian, University affiliated, mixed medical-surgical 22 bed adult ICU. Participants: Patients who were admitted to the ICU for active management and subsequently died during that ICU admission. We enrolled 50 patients who died before and 50 patients after the introduction of the electronic family meeting pro-forma record. Intervention: Through collaboration with ICU medical and nursing staff, End-of-life Special Interest Group and Clinical Documentation Committee we developed the ICU Family Meeting Discussion Note as an electronic pro-forma record with multiple key fields of entry. Main outcome measures: Patient records were examined for the presence of documented details around patient’s admission, family meetings and specific elements surrounding the patient’s death. Results: The introduction of a pro-forma record markedly improved the quality of documentation of end-of-life care related family meetings. Documentation increased in recording hospital admission date/time (6% vs 84%), meeting location (14% vs 70%), the reason patients were absent from the meeting (34% vs 72%), the Medical Treatment Decision Maker (MTDM) (10% vs 44%), the patient’s resuscitation status (22% vs 54%), and treatment options discussed (78% vs 94%) ( p ⩽ 0.005 for all). Conclusion: Introducing an electronic pro-forma record to facilitate family meeting documentation increased the frequency of important recorded information. Further studies are required to assess whether documentation quality improvements are sustainable and whether they affect patient- or relative-centred outcomes.
Public Perceptions of Normal and Ideal Head Shape: A Crowdsourced Survey Analysis
Authors: Bins Griffin P. , Newsom Megan , Park Jungwon G. , Hemal Kshipra , Phelan Alannah L. , Lalikos Janice F. , Runyan Christopher M. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Cephalic index (CI) is an objective measure of head shape used by craniofacial surgeons to support a diagnosis of head shape abnormality. However, the consensus on what values correspond to a normal head shape are changing following the Back to Sleep campaign. Recent work has shown an increase in mean CI from 74 to 84. Following this shift, no study has been undertaken to evaluate whether the perception of normal head shape has changed as well. Methods: About 1020 subjects, 18 or older, were recruited through Amazon Turk crowdsourcing platform. Subjects were asked to select the head shapes they considered most normal in a series of questions identifying ideal head shape in children 6 months or younger. Demographic information was recorded for study participants to identify differing ethnic perceptions of head shape. Results: The mean cephalic index preferred by a crowdsourced population was 81.84 (SD 2.48). There was a difference in mean preferred CI between people who identified as black (CI = 82.875) and people who identified as white (CI = 81.500; P = .00062). There was no difference in mean preferred CI between males and females. Education level, age healthcare occupation status, medical literacy, and work involving children did not affect preference. Conclusions: The typical head shape has changed following the Back to Sleep campaign and the current perception of head shape aligns with the newly described norm as opposed to the historic population data. Criteria for intervention and outcome goals should be adjusted accordingly.
Transepicondylar distance measured on MRI can predict the length of the graft required for different anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) techniques useful for revision surgery
Authors: Rosso Federica , Rossi Roberto , Faletti Riccardo , Cantivalli Antonino , Blonna Davide , Bonasia Davide Edoardo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to find a correlation between linear measurements and the graft length required for different anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) revision techniques, to extract formulas to predict required graft length during the preoperative planning.

Methods
At time 0 and 30 days later, two observers measured eight linear distances on standard 2D knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nine curved distances on 3D MRI sequences, corresponding to different techniques for ACL revision, anatomic anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction, and lateral extrarticular tenodesis (LET). Intra- and interobserver reliability was tested for 2D and 3D measurements. The correlation between 2D and 3D measurements was tested. The 2D measurements with highest repeatability and reproducibility, and with strongest correlation with 3D measurements were used to extract formulas to calculate the graft length from 2D values.

Results
Fifty MRIs acquired with both 2D and 3D sequences were used. The intra- and interobserver reliability of linear 2D measurement was high, with the transepicondylar distance (TD) showing the highest reproducibility and repeatability. The intra- and interobserver reliability of 3D measurements was lower than 2D, but acceptable for all measurements except for ALL reconstruction. The TD showed the strongest correlation with 3D measurements. The formulas extracted to calculate the graft length from the TD proved to be accurate.

Conclusion
Accurate formulas were created to calculate the graft length needed for different ACL revision techniques and ALL reconstruction/LET techniques from TD. These formulas can be used during preoperative planning of ACL revision cases.
Comparative genome analysis of mycobacteria focusing on tRNA and non-coding RNA
Authors: Behra Phani Rama Krishna , Pettersson B. M. Fredrik , Ramesh Malavika , Das Sarbashis , Dasgupta Santanu , Kirsebom Leif A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTheMycobacteriumgenus encompasses at least 192 named species, many of which cause severe diseases such as tuberculosis. Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) can also infect humans and animals. Some are of emerging concern because they show high resistance to commonly used antibiotics while others are used and evaluated in bioremediation or included in anticancer vaccines.ResultsWe provide the genome sequences for 114 mycobacterial type strains and together with 130 available mycobacterial genomes we generated a phylogenetic tree based on 387 core genes and supported by average nucleotide identity (ANI) data. The 244 genome sequences cover most of the species constituting theMycobacteriumgenus. The genome sizes ranged from 3.2 to 8.1 Mb with an average of 5.7 Mb, and we identified 14 new plasmids. Moreover, mycobacterial genomes consisted of phage-like sequences ranging between 0 and 4.64% dependent on mycobacteria while the number of IS elements varied between 1 and 290. Our data also revealed that, depending on the mycobacteria, the number of tRNA and non-coding (nc) RNA genes differ and that their positions on the chromosome varied. We identified a conserved core set of 12 ncRNAs, 43 tRNAs and 18 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases among mycobacteria.ConclusionsPhages, IS elements, tRNA and ncRNAs appear to have contributed to the evolution of theMycobacteriumgenus where several tRNA and ncRNA genes have been horizontally transferred. On the basis of our phylogenetic analysis, we identified several isolates of unnamed species as new mycobacterial species or strains of known mycobacteria. The predicted number of coding sequences correlates with genome size while the number of tRNA, rRNA and ncRNA genes does not. Together these findings expand our insight into the evolution of theMycobacteriumgenus and as such they establish a platform to understand mycobacterial pathogenicity, their evolution, antibiotic resistance/tolerance as well as the function and evolution of ncRNA among mycobacteria.
Structured expert elicitation to inform long-term survival extrapolations using alternative parametric distributions: a case study of CAR T therapy for relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Ayers Dieter , Cope Shannon , Towle Kevin , Mojebi Ali , Marshall Thomas , Dhanda Devender 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Our aim was to extend traditional parametric models used to extrapolate survival in cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) by integrating individual-level patient data (IPD) from a clinical trial with estimates from experts regarding long-term survival. This was illustrated using a case study evaluating survival of patients with triple-class exposed relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel, bb2121) in KarMMa (a phase 2, single-arm trial).

Methods
The distribution of patients expected to be alive at 3, 5, and 10 years given the observed survival from KarMMa (13.3 months of follow-up) was elicited from 6 experts using the SHeffield ELicitation Framework. Quantities of interest were elicited from each expert individually, which informed the consensus elicitation including all experts. Estimates for each time point were assumed to follow a truncated normal distribution. These distributions were incorporated into survival models, which constrained the expected survival based on standard survival distributions informed by IPD from KarMMa.

Results
Models for ide-cel that combined KarMMa data with expert opinion were more consistent in terms of survival as well as mean survival at 10 years (survival point estimates under different parametric models were 29–33% at 3 years, 5–17% at 5 years, and 0–6% at 10 years) versus models with KarMMa data alone (11–39% at 3 years, 0–25% at 5 years, and 0–11% at 10 years).

Conclusion
This case study demonstrates a transparent approach to integrate IPD from trials with expert opinion using traditional parametric distributions to ensure long-term survival extrapolations are clinically plausible.
Community pharmacists’ counseling practices and patient experiences about topical corticosteroids – an online survey in the Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Nathan Abigail Dayang , Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Community Pharmacists (CPs) play an important role in patient counseling regarding the use of topical corticosteroids (TCS). We assessed CP’s self-reported counseling practices regarding TCS and patients’ reported counseling experiences.

Methods
A previously developed questionnaire was adapted to the Malaysian context. A random sample of 364 registered CPs practicing in three states, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya were invited for an online survey. The questionnaire for CPs explored their perceived patient knowledge about topical corticosteroid (TCS) use, their counseling practices, and perceived barriers to counseling. Thirty patients were also selected from five pharmacies i.e., six consecutive patients who consulted each CP were invited to participate in the patient survey by completing a checklist about their experiences regarding the counseling received.

Results
A majority (> 90%) of the CPs mostly explained to the patients that the medication was TCS and the frequency and duration of application but only 10% correctly identified scenarios needing medical referral. Only about half of the CPs always explained about side effects, strength, efficacy, and storage of TCS. The two main barriers were patients’ negative perception of TCS (65.4%) and pharmacists’ lack of time for counseling (49.7%). Counseling practice score was associated with CPs’ age (aOR 0.86, 95%CI 0.78–0.94), pharmacists’ recommendation on TCS use (aOR 0.11, 95%CI 0.02–0.61), and time spent on counseling (aOR 1.42, 95%CI 1.13–1.64). Patients mentioned they were counselled on the frequency and duration of application of TCS, and potential adverse effects. Most were not counselled on action to take when an adverse event occurs and the storage and use of leftover medication.

Conclusion
CPs counseling practices to their patient about the use of TCS requires improvement. Continuing education and hands-on training are needed for CPs regarding counseling about TCS use.
Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia mimicking the systemic metastasis of adrenal cancer: a case report
Authors: Hatakeyama Yuki , Nakakubo Sho , Kusaka Hirotaka , Watanabe Naomi , Yoshida Yukinori , Shinzaki Hitoshi , Hiroumi Hiromitsu , Kishida Naoki , Konno Satoshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Listeria monocytogenes is a causative agent of food poisoning and is also known to cause invasive diseases, such as bacteremia, meningitis, and encephalitis, in neonates, elderly and immunocompromised patients. However, the clinical course of a multi-organ disseminated disease secondary to bacteremia has been rarely reported.

Case presentation
A 76-year-old woman undergoing immunosuppressive therapy for rheumatoid arthritis presented to our outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of weight loss. Computed tomography showed a left adrenal mass, enlarged lymph nodes, and multiple intrahepatic nodules. Positron emission tomography demonstrated accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose F18 in the adrenal mass, lymph nodes, hepatic nodules, and bones, leading to the suspicion of systemic metastasis of adrenal cancer. She subsequently developed a fever. Blood culture results led to the diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia. Percutaneous needle biopsy of the adrenal lesion revealed no malignant findings. After extended treatment with antimicrobial agents, the fever resolved, along with the disappearance of the systemic lesions.

Conclusions
This case shows that listeriosis can lead to lesions in the adrenal gland, which can exhibit clinical presentation that is difficult to differentiate from malignancy on imaging studies.
Pan-cancer analysis of oncogenic TNFAIP2 identifying its prognostic value and immunological function in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lin Mei-si , Zhong Hui-Yun , Yim Rita Lok-Hay , Chen Qi-Yan , Du Hong-ling , He Hao-qi , Lin Ke , Zhao Peng , Gao Ru , Gao Fei , Zhang Min-Yue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2), a TNFα-inducible gene, appears to participate in inflammation, immune response, hematopoiesis, and carcinogenesis. However, the potential role ofTNFAIP2in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unknow yet. Therefore, we aimed to study the biological role ofTNFAIP2in leukemogenesis.MethodsTNFAIP2mRNA level, prognostic value, co-expressed genes, differentially expressed genes, DNA methylation, and functional enrichment analysis in AML patients were explored via multiple public databases, including UALCAN, GTEx portal, Timer 2.0, LinkedOmics, SMART, MethSurv, Metascape, GSEA and String databases. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Beat AML database were used to determine the associations betweenTNFAIP2expression and various clinical or genetic parameters of AML patients. Moreover, the biological functions ofTNFAIP2in AML were investigated through in vitro experiments.ResultsBy large-scale data mining, our study indicated thatTNFAIP2was differentially expressed across different normal and tumor tissues.TNFAIP2expression was significantly increased in AML, particularly in French–American–British (FAB) classification M4/M5 patients, compared with corresponding control tissues. Overexpression ofTNFAIP2was an independent poor prognostic factor of overall survival (OS) and was associated with unfavorable cytogenetic risk and gene mutations in AML patients. DNA hypermethylation ofTNFAIP2at gene body linked to upregulation ofTNFAIP2and inferior OS in AML. Functional enrichment analysis indicated immunomodulation function and inflammation response ofTNFAIP2in leukemogenesis. Finally, the suppression ofTNFAIPresulted in inhibition of proliferation by altering cell-cycle progression and increase of cell death by promoting early and late apoptosis in THP-1 and U937AML cells.ConclusionCollectively, the oncogenicTNFAIP2can function as a novel biomarker and prognostic factor in AML patients. The immunoregulation function ofTNFAIP2warrants further validation in AML.