bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aligned carbon nanotube integrated circuit downsizing toward a sub-10 nm node
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Lin Yanxia , Cao Yu , Ding Sujuan , Xu Lin , Liu Chenchen , Hu Qianlan , Jin Chuanhong , Peng Lian-Mao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Transistors on aligned semiconducting carbon nanotubes (A-CNTs) have been considered a promising substitute for mainstream Si transistors to extend integrated circuit (IC) technology owing to their potential advantages of easy miniaturization and high energy efficiency, but whether A-CNT FETs can be scalably fabricated with ultrascaled whole dimensions while maintaining high performance remains questionable. Here, we explore the whole size scaling down potential of A-CNT transistors and demonstrate the possibility of implementing such small-geometry transistors in ultra-large-scale ICs that consist of billions of transistors. A-CNT transistors with a contacted gate pitch (CGP) of 175 nm have been achieved by simultaneously scaling the gate length and the contact length, and exhibit an on-current of 2.24 mA/μm and a peak transconductance of 1.64 mS/μm, surpassing silicon 45 nm node transistors in terms of both size and electronic performance. A static random-access memory (SRAM) cell has been built using six A-CNT transistors in an area of 0.967 μm2, which is comparable to the commercial silicon 90 nm technology node and is the smallest SRAM cell based on non-Si semiconductors. Furthermore, a full-contact structure is introduced between the metal and A-CNTs to achieve a contact resistance as low as 90 Ω·μm and to reduce the dependence on the contact length. A-CNT transistors downsized to a CGP of 55 nm (corresponding to the silicon 10 nm technology node) have been demonstrated to outperform 10 nm Si MOS transistors in terms of carrier mobility and Fermi velocity, indicating the tremendous potential of A-CNT transistors in high-performance digital ICs of sub 10 nm nodes.
A community informed cross-sectional analysis of the sexual and reproductive health barriers and recommendations of MSM and TGW in Rwanda
Authors: Hickey Jenna Nicole , Urujeni Moureen , Tuli Shagun , Wong Rex , Isano Sandra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Rwanda are at higher risk than the general population of being subject to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities pertaining to discrimination and marginalization. There is a significant gap in the literature concerning the experiences of MSM and TGW seeking SRH care, and the challenges that ensue. This study uses an MSM and TGW community-informed survey to analyze the barriers and recommendations to accessing SRH care.
Methods
A quantitative survey was administered to 134 MSM and TGW members of Hope and Care Organization (local non-government organization) in Rwanda to ascertain the magnitude of barriers and assign weight to the recommendations.
Results
COVID-19 induced restrictions, societal stigma, perceptions of community/local leaders, fear of disclosure/outing, and violence were found as barriers for both MSM and TGW (p≤ 0.05). Unsupportive policy/legal environment and long waiting times/delays were barriers specifically for the MSM whereas healthcare provider lack of knowledge was specifically for TGW (p≤ 0.05). More than 90% of respondents across both groups recommended unrestricted operation and capacity building of LGBTQI+ organizations, strengthening legal support, peer education & mentorship, mental health support/counsellors, increased community outreach, expansion of care to rural areas, sensitization of local, religious leaders and employers. Further specialized training for healthcare providers and more inclusive and accepting insurance were specific to MSM whereas increased media awareness and sensitization of the general population were specific to TGW.
Conclusion
This study highlights the unmet SRH needs of TGW and MSM while eliciting community informed recommendations that must drive policy change in Rwanda. The most emphasized recommendations include capacity building, economic support, accessible insurance, sensitization of healthcare providers and increased community outreach. The populations reiterated the need for SRH care to be holistic, highlighting the integral role of mental health care inclusion. Overall, psychosocial safety has been a pervasive theme that needs to be addressed to ensure SRH care delivery.
Food born pathogen contamination of some meat products in Damanhur City, Egypt
Authors: Saad Saber Ali Saad , El-Sayed Amal Mohamed , Abdelgawad Mohamed Hassan , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Simal-Gandara Jesus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose : The study assessed the chemical and microbial quality of some meat products (Liver, Luncheon, minced meat, and Sausage) in addition to detecting some virulence genes associated with some isolated strains.
Method: Two hundred random samples of meat products including 50 samples each of (minced meat, Liver, luncheon and sausage) were randomly collected from different butchers at Damanhur city, El Behera Governorate for some chemical (TVN and TBA) and microbiological evaluation (APC, Staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridium perfringens), in addition, detection of virulence genes in some isolated strains.
Result: The obtained results revealed that mean values of TVB-N and TBA was higher in liver than other meat products. In regard to microbiological evaluation, results revealed that incidence of staph. aureus, E.coli, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens were (40, 24, 20 and 30%), (36, 10, 8 and 30%), (2, 4, 0, 4%), (16, 20, 24 and 34%) and (28, 10, 18, and 36%), in the examined minced meat, liver, luncheon and sausage, respectively. Salmonella could not be detected in examined luncheon samples. Regarding virulence genes (Pvl and Sea) and (invA and Stn) were detected in 100% of isolated Staph. aureus and Salmonella strains, respectively. eaeA was detected in 100% of isolated E.coli strains while Stx2 was detected in only one strain. Isolated strains of Clostridium perfringens were positive for enterotoxin gene (cpe) and alpha-toxin (cpa) at percent 100%.
Conclusion: The presence of aerobic bacteria like Staphylococci aureus, E. coli, bacillus cereus, Salmonella, and Clostridium perfringens may be due to poor hygienic measures during processing and handling of meat products. So, consumption of these products could be associated with possible risk of infection, suggesting the need for the institution of strict hygienic measures during handling of meat products.
Comparative analysis of genetic diversity between local landraces and current breeding lines of pepper in China
Authors: Guo Guangjun , Pan Baogui , Yi Xixi , Khan Abid , Zhu Xuemei , Ge Wei , Liu Jinbing , Diao Weiping , Wang Shubin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on 22 qualitative traits, 13 quantitative traits, and 27 molecular markers (26 SSR and 1 InDel), in the current study we systematically compared the diversity and population structure of 94 local landraces and 85 current breeding lines of pepper in China. The results showed that the Shannon Diversity indices of 9 qualitative traits and 8 quantitative traits in current breeding lines were greater than those of landraces, of which 11 were fruit organ-related traits. Compared with current breeding lines, the mean values of Gene Diversity index and Polymorphism Information content of local landraces were higher by 0.08 and 0.09, respectively. Population structure and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the 179 germplasm resources could be divided into two taxa, dominated by local landraces and current breeding lines, respectively. The above results indicated that the diversity of quantitative traits of current breeding lines were higher than that of local landraces, especially traits related to fruit organs, but the genetic diversity based on molecular markers was lower than that of local landraces. Therefore, in the future breeding process, we should not only focus on the selection of target traits, but also strengthen the background selection based on molecular markers. Moreover, the genetic information of other domesticated species and wild species will be transferred to the breeding lines through interspecific crosses to expand the genetic background of the breeding material.
Improvement in water pollution control alters reservoir nutrient stoichiometry of Guanting Reservoir in the Winter Olympic host cities, North China
Authors: Dan Dai , Huang Guoxian , Lei Kun , Cai Wenqian , Zhao Xianfu , Sun Qingqing , Hu Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Significant improvement in wastewater treatment is the most effective way for eutrophication control in semiarid regions. However, its effect on the nutrient status of the receiving water body has remained poorly considered and understood at broad temporal scales. Taking Guanting Reservoir (GR) in Hebei-Beijing (P. R. China) as an example, we present a study that links a continuous monitoring dataset for GR with corresponding estimates of human-induced nutrient discharges in its watershed from the year 2006 to 2019. We find that GR showed decreasing total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and increasing TN/TP mass ratios, and the decreasing trend of TP was faster than that of TN. The improved municipal wastewater treatment capacity is mainly responsible for the decreasing TN, and TP concentrations and the increasing TN/TP ratios in GR, as phosphorus is easier to remove from wastewater than nitrogen. Although wastewater treatment capacity has improved, the observed TP of GR (93.7 μg L-1) is higher than the threshold value of harmful algae blooms occurring (50 μg L-1) in recent years (2016-2019). Given the potential ecological impact on aquatic biodiversity as well as ecosystem function of changes in TN/TP ratios and higher retention rate of TP (97.4%) compared with TN (93.1%) in GR, our findings highlight that future strategy for water pollution control should not only concentrate on more nutrient reduction efficiencies but attach importance to their stoichiometric balance to reduce the potential risk of eutrophication during the recovery of GR.
UTP23 is a promising prognostic biomarker and is associated with immune infiltration in breast cancer
Authors: Li Jindong , Xie Siman , Zhang Benteng , He Weiping , Zhang Yan , Hua Huilian , Yang Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is one of the malignant tumors with a high incidence and mortality rate among women worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing year by year, posing a serious health risk to women. UTP23 (UTP23 Small Subunit Processome Component) is a nucleolar protein that is essential for ribosome production. As we all know, disruption of ribosome structure and function results in improper protein function, affecting the body's normal physiological processes and promoting cancer growth. However, little research has shown a connection between UTP23 and cancer.
Methods
We analyzed the mRNA expression of UTP23 in normal tissue and breast cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the protein expression of UTP23 using The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Next, we examined the relationship between UTP23 high expression and Overall Survival (OS) using Kaplan-Meier Plotters and enriched 980 differentially expressed genes in UTP23 high and low expression samples using GO/KEGG and GSEA to identify potential biological functions of UTP23 and signaling pathways that it might influence. Finally, we also investigated the relationship between UTP23 and immune infiltration and examined the effect of UTP23 on the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines by knocking down UTP23.
Results
We found that UTP23 levels in breast cancer patient samples were noticeably greater than those in healthy individuals and that high UTP23 levels were strongly linked with poor prognoses (P = 0.008). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that UTP23 expression was connected to the humoral immune response. Besides, UTP23 expression was found to be positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, UTP23 knockdown has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and HCC-1806.
Conclusion
Taken together, our study demonstrated that UTP23 is a promising target in detecting and treating breast cancer and is intimately linked to immune infiltration.
Accelerating the transition to cobalt-free batteries: a system level solution
Authors: Onori Simona , Pozzato Gabriele , Li Xueyan , Lee Donghoon , Ko Johan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The increased adoption of lithium iron phosphate batteries by the automotive sector, in response to the need to reduce the battery manufacturing process dependence on scarce and expensive materials, and have a resilient and ethical supply chain, comes with intrinsic modeling and control challenges. To design an effective and high performing battery management system (BMS), such challenges must be tackled in a timely fashion.
In this work, a physics-based model describing the two-phase transition operation of iron-phosphate positive electrode - in a graphite anode battery - is integrated with a machine learning model to capture the hysteresis and path dependent behavior during transient operation. The machine learning component of the proposed \hybrid" model is built upon the knowledge of the electrochemical internal states of the battery during charge and discharge operation over real driving cycles. It is shown that the machine learning component of the hybrid model is responsible for a small percentage of the total battery behavior. The proposed modeling strategy can be used for battery performance analysis, synthetic data generation, and the development of reduced order models for BMS design.
Challenges in predicing future high-cost patients for care management interventions
Authors: Crowley Chris , Perloff Jennifer , Stuck Amy , Mechanic Robert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To test the accuracy of a segmentation approach using claims data to predict Medicare beneficiaries most likely to be hospitalized in a subsequent year.
Methods
This article uses a 100-percent sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2017 - 2018. This analysis is designed to illustrate the actuarial limitations of person-centered risk segmentation by looking at the number and rate of hospitalizations for progressively narrower segments of heart failure patients and a national fee-for-service comparison group. Cohorts are defined using 2017 data and then 2018 hospitalization rates are shown graphically.
Results
As the segments get narrower, the 2018 hospitalization rates increased, but the percentage of total Medicare FFS hospitalizations accounted for went down. In all three segments and the total Medicare FFS population, more than half of all patients did not have a hospitalization in 2018.
Conclusions
With the difficulty of identifying future high utilizing beneficiaries, health systems should consider the addition of clinician input and ‘light touch’ monitoring activities to improve the prediction of high-need, high-cost cohorts. It may also be beneficial to develop systemic strategies to manage utilization and steer beneficiaries to efficient providers rather than targeting individual patients.
Exploring differences in level of construction innovation: An empirical analysis in China
Authors: Zhang Ruixue , Chen Ting , Zhang Yuanxin , Wang Zeyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Innovations can overcome constraints posed by resources depletion, increasing environmental and ecological protection concerns. There is considerable amount of innovation that occurs in the construction industry. Accordingly, construction innovation is receiving increasing attention in China. However, the provincial development level of construction innovation remains unclear. To address this gap, the present study employs data-driven measurement for the level of construction innovation. A total of 25 alternative indexes were selected based on the innovation ecosystem theory. Then, text preprocessing, statistical methods, and search statistics were employed to acquire index data. The indexes weights were determined through expert scoring and a cloud model. The quantitative measurement of the level of construction innovation was finally performed. Additionally, the exploratory results were revealed with the analyses of the overall, regional and cluster. The results revealed that overall level of construction innovation in China is not high and regional distribution is uneven. Simultaneously, the level of construction innovation is consistent with local economic strength and it is most sensitive to innovation output in regional level. Moreover, the spatial distribution of the level of construction innovation in China was showed, which similarity with the characteristics of geographical location is. The measurement system this study represents breakthroughs over traditional methods that rely on statistics, cases or questionnaires, which can be applied to other research fields.
Transient stress-constrained topology optimization of structures subjected to impacts
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhou E.L. , Wu Yi , Li Eric , Huang Y.Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We investigate topology optimization of the elastodynamic structures under impact loading with transient stress constraints. The impact problem is formulated as applying a prescribed loading rate to the boundary up to the maximum loading time. In contrast to existing paradigms that consider dynamic stresses, we places more emphasis on transient behavior. We minimize the volume fraction of the structure while constraining the maximum transient von Mises stress. An additional static compliance constraint is introduced to guarantee the validity of the design. The sensitivity of maximum transient von Mises stress is then derived and validated, in which the discretize-thendifferentiate method is employed for the dynamic problem. A series of benchmark problems are investigated, by which the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated. The evolution of the maximum stress shows the necessity of highlighting transient behavior in the topology optimization of the structures under impacts.
Lung function decline preceding chronic respiratory failure in spinal muscular atrophy: a national prospective cohort study
Authors: Veldhoen Esther , Wijngaarde Camiel A , Eijk Ruben P.A. van , Asselman Fay-Lynn , Seddiqi Negina , Otto Louise A.M. , Stam Marloes , Cuppen Inge , Wadman Renske , Asperen Roelie Wösten-van , Hulzebos Erik H.J. , Oudenrijn Laura P. Verweij-van den , Bartels Bart , Boezer Jasmijn , Gaytant Michael , Ent Cornelis K. van der , Pol Ludo W. van der 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Progressive lung function decline, resulting in respiratory failure, is an important complication of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The ability to predict the need for mechanical ventilation is important. We assessed longitudinal patterns of lung function prior to chronic respiratory failure in a national cohort of treatment-naïve children and adults with SMA, hypothesizing an accelerated decline prior to chronic respiratory failure.
Methods
We included treatment-naïve SMA patients participating in a prospective national cohort study if they required mechanical ventilation because of chronic respiratory failure and if lung function test results were available from the years prior to initiation of ventilation. We analyzed Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Maximum Expiratory Pressure (PEmax). We studied the longitudinal course using linear mixed-effects models.
Results
We analyzed 1171 lung function tests from 38 patients with SMA types 1c–3a . At initiation of ventilation median age was 18.8 years (IQR: 13.2–30.1) and median standardized FVC, FEV1 and PEF were 28.8% (95%CI: 23.5; 34.2), 28.8% (95%CI: 24.0; 33.7) and 30.0% (95%CI: 23.4; 36.7), with an average annual decline of 1.75% (95%CI: 0.86; 2.66), 1.72% (95%CI: 1.04; 2.40) and 1.65% (95%CI: 0.71; 2.59), respectively. We did not observe an accelerated decline in the year before initiation of mechanical ventilation. Median PEmax was 35.3 cmH2O (95%CI: 29.4; 41.2) at initiation of mechanical ventilation and relatively stable in the years preceding ventilation.
Conclusions
Patterns of lung function decline cannot predict impending respiratory failure: SMA is characterized by a gradual decline of lung function, without an accelerated deterioration prior to respiratory failure. In addition, PEmax remains low and stable in the years preceding chronic respiratory failure.
Increased Mortality Rate in Infants with Abnormal T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles
Authors: Huang Jenny , Shankar Ashwin , Hurden Isabel , Thomas Ronald , Hill Joseph , Seth Divya , Secord Elizabeth , Poowuttikul Pavadee 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose: T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles based newborn screening (TREC-NBS) allows for early detection and improved disease outcome in infants with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDD). The utility of abnormal TREC-NBS in infants without PIDD is not well studied. To determine the value of abnormal TREC-NBS in predicting mortality and morbidity in infants without PIDD.
Methods: 365,207 newborn screens in the database from October 2011 to December 2014 were reviewed. 467 newborns had an abnormal TREC-NBS either during the initial or repeat screen. 1,390 newborns with normal TREC-NBS served as matched controls based on gestational age, birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit status (NICU), and race. Any infant with a PIDD diagnosis was excluded. Demographic data was obtained through NBS, birth certificates, and death certificates records from Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) databases.
Results: Overall, infants with positive TREC-NBS had higher mortality (14.6% versus 3.3% in controls) even when PIDD is ruled-out. Transient positive TREC-NBS was not associated with higher mortality, but unresolved or late TREC-NBS was associated with higher mortality. More Black infants had positive TREC-NBS than infants of other races. Children with positive TREC-NBS were more likely to have NICU stays and have low Apgar scores. Infants with unresolved or late TREC-NBS were more likely to have congenital anomalies.
Conclusion: Infants with positive TREC-NBS may be at a higher risk of morbidity and mortality and should be carefully followed, especially if discharged home before a repeat screen can be completed.