bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical cycling in aquifers contributes to the transport, storage and transfer of anthropogenically-derived phosphorus to surface waters
Authors: Mouchos Evangelos M. , Johnes Penny J. , Buss Heather L. , Bingham Sam T. , Matthews Dianne , Bagnall John P. , Gooddy Daren C. 
Published: September 2022

Phosphorus (P) is a key element which can contribute to the eutrophication of waters draining intensively farmed or populated catchments, driving adverse impacts on ecosystem and human health. An often overlooked source of P in permeable catchments is weathering of P-bearing minerals in bedrock. P release from primary minerals, present when the rock formed, controls background P concentrations in groundwater, but secondary P-bearing minerals may form in aquifers in the presence of anthropogenic P fluxes from agriculture and septic tanks. Using cores from the Upper Greensand (UGS) aquifer, United Kingdom, we show the relative contributions of P from primary and secondary minerals. Bulk rock chemical analysis indicates solid P concentrations of 0–0.8 wt%, while porewater analyses from the same samples indicate phosphate-P concentrations of &lt;5 μg/L - 1 mg/L and dissolved organic P concentrations of &lt;5 μg/L - 0.7 mg/L. These data, coupled with core stratigraphy, reveal the presence of multiple primary and secondary P-bearing minerals in the UGS, and suggest that secondary P-bearing minerals are largely of anthropogenic origin. The weathering of primary P nodules produces a very low background P flux to surface waters, while the anthropogenic P-bearing minerals undergo rapid dissolution, re-precipitation and re-dissolution cycles, controlled by porewater pH and P concentrations, in turn controlling dissolved P flux to groundwater. We show that secondary P-bearing minerals are a dynamic component of the P transfer system linking anthropogenic activities on the land surface to P in groundwater and surface waters and contributing to the eutrophication of surface waters.
Development of a water resource allocation model based on the dynamic exploitable amount of groundwater and its application in the Jinghe County, Xinjiang
Authors: Lu Yao , Ma Zhenzhen , Wang Ting , Xie Xinmin , Gu Yanling 
Published: September 2022

An exploitable amount of groundwater in arid regions is related to changes in water resource utilization patterns, and the traditional water resource allocation model assumes a constant exploitable amount of groundwater. In this study, a water resource allocation model consisting of a water resource optimal allocation module, an exploitable amount analysis module, and a mutual feedback iterative module connecting the abovementioned two modules is established based on the dynamic exploitable amount of groundwater. The proposed model is applied to Jinghe County, Xinjiang, which is one of the most arid regions in the world. The results show that the actual exploitable amount of groundwater in 2035 will be 181.54 million m³ when changes in the exploitable amount of groundwater in response to changes in the water resources utilization patterns are considered, which is 43.99 million m³ lower than the current amount, and the groundwater supply will be 167.82 million m³. However, the groundwater supply based on the current exploitable amount of groundwater (225.53 million m3) will be 188.29 million m3, which is 6.75 million m3 higher than the actual exploitable amount of groundwater and thus may lead to groundwater overdraft. This is mainly attributed to the reduction in the exploitable amount of groundwater with the reduction in farmland, and it is estimated that the exploitable amount of groundwater would be decreased by about 110,000 m3 with the reduction of 1 km2 farmland. The results of this study underline the need to consider changes in the exploitable amount of groundwater in the allocation and management of water resources in arid regions, and the model developed in this study can provide an effective tool for rational allocation of water resources in arid regions.
Causal effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels on low back pain: A two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jiang Xiaojuan , Zhou Ruihao , He Yi , Zhu Tao , Zhang Weiyi 
Published: September 2022

Background: Previous observational studies have suggested the involvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in chronic pain. However, whether the 25(OH)D is a novel target for management, the causality remains unclear.Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to identify the causal association between 25(OH)D and low back pain (LBP). The primary analysis was revealing causality from serum 25(OH)D level (n = 417,580) on LBP (21,140 cases and 227,388 controls). The replicated analysis was performing MR estimates from circulating 25(OH)D concentration (n = 79,366) on LBP experienced last month (118,471 cases and 343,386 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the main analysis. In addition, we used weighted median and MR-Egger to enhance the robustness. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of MR results.Results: IVW estimation indicated strong evidence that higher serum 25(OH)D levels exerted a protective effect on LBP (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.83–0.96, p = 0.002). Similar trends were also found in replicate analysis (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96–1.00, p = 0.07). After meta-analysis combining primary and replicated analysis, the causal effect is significant (p = 0.03). Sensitivity analysis supported that the MR estimates were robust.Conclusion: In our MR study, genetically increased serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with a reduced risk of LBP in the European population. This might have an implication for clinicians that vitamin D supplements might be effective for patients with LBP in clinical practice.
Systemic lupus erythematosus variants modulate the function of an enhancer upstream of TNFAIP3
Authors: Pasula Satish , Gopalakrishnan Jaanam , Fu Yao , Tessneer Kandice L. , Wiley Mandi M. , Pelikan Richard C. , Kelly Jennifer A. , Gaffney Patrick M. 
Published: September 2022

TNFAIP3/A20 is a prominent autoimmune disease risk locus that is correlated with hypomorphic TNFAIP3 expression and exhibits complex chromatin architecture with over 30 predicted enhancers. This study aimed to functionally characterize an enhancer ∼55 kb upstream of the TNFAIP3 promoter marked by the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk haplotype index SNP, rs10499197. Allele effects of rs10499197, rs58905141, and rs9494868 were tested by EMSA and/or luciferase reporter assays in immune cell types. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR, and 3C-qPCR were performed on patient-derived EBV B cells homozygous for the non-risk or SLE risk TNFAIP3 haplotype to assess haplotype-specific effects on transcription factor binding and chromatin regulation at the TNFAIP3 locus. This study found that the TNFAIP3 locus has a complex chromatin regulatory network that spans ∼1M bp from the promoter region of IL20RA to the 3′ untranslated region of TNFAIP3. Functional dissection of the enhancer demonstrated co-dependency of the RelA/p65 and CEBPB binding motifs that, together, increase IL20RA and IFNGR1 expression and decreased TNFAIP3 expression in the context of the TNFAIP3 SLE risk haplotype through dynamic long-range interactions up- and downstream. Examination of SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 1.0) with rs10499197 identified rs9494868 as a functional SNP with risk allele-specific increase in nuclear factor binding and enhancer activation in vitro. In summary, this study demonstrates that SNPs carried on the ∼109 kb SLE risk haplotype facilitate hypermorphic IL20RA and IFNGR1 expression, while suppressing TNFAIP3 expression, adding to the mechanistic potency of this critically important locus in autoimmune disease pathology.
Identification and analysis of microRNA editing events in recurrent bladder cancer based on RNA sequencing: MicroRNA editing level is a potential novel biomarker
Authors: Qin Jia-Xin , Liu Xing , Wang Xin-Lei , Wang Guang-Yue , Liang Qing , Dong Yang , Pang Kun , Hao Lin , Xue Liang , Zhao Yan , Hu Zheng-Xiang , Li Rui , Lv Qian , Chao Liu , Meng Fan-Lai , Shi Zhen-Duo , Han Cong-Hui 
Published: September 2022

Background: With the continued advancement of RNA-seq (RNA-sequencing), microRNA (miRNA) editing events have been demonstrated to play an important role in different malignancies. However, there is yet no description of the miRNA editing events in recurrent bladder cancer.Objective: To identify and compare miRNA editing events in primary and recurrent bladder cancer, as well as to investigate the potential molecular mechanism and its impact on patient prognosis.Methods: We examined the mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes of 12 recurrent bladder cancer cases and 13 primary bladder cancer cases. The differentially expressed mRNA sequences were analyzed. Furthermore, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in recurrent bladder cancer. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analyses on DEGs and gene set enrichment analysis were performed. The consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification of bladder cancer was identified using the Consensus MIBC package in R (4.1.0); miRNA sequences were then further subjected to differentially expressed analysis and pathway enrichment analysis. MiRNA editing events were identified using miRge3.0. miRDB and TargetScanHuman were used to predict the downstream targets of specific differentially edited or expressed miRNAs. The expression levels of miR-154-5p and ADAR were validated by RT-qPCR. Finally, survival and co-expression studies were performed on the TCGA-BLCA cohort.Results: First, the mRNA expression levels in recurrent bladder cancer changed significantly, supporting progression via related molecular signal pathways. Second, significantly altered miRNAs in recurrent bladder cancer were identified, with miR-154-5p showing the highest level of editing in recurrent bladder cancer and may up-regulate the expression levels of downstream targets HS3ST3A1, AQP9, MYLK, and RAB23. The survival analysis results of TCGA data revealed that highly expressed HS3ST3A1 and RAB23 exhibited poor prognosis. In addition, miR-154 editing events were found to be significant to CMS classification.Conclusion: MiRNA editing in recurrent bladder cancer was detected and linked with poor patient prognosis, providing a reference for further uncovering the intricate molecular mechanism in recurrent bladder cancer. Therefore, inhibiting A-to-I editing of miRNA may be a viable target for bladder cancer treatment, allowing current treatment choices to be expanded and individualized.
Guanine inhibits the growth of human glioma and melanoma cell lines by interacting with GPR23
Authors: Garozzo Roberta , Zuccarini Mariachiara , Giuliani Patricia , Di Liberto Valentina , Mudò Giuseppa , Caciagli Francesco , Ciccarelli Renata , Ciruela Francisco , Di Iorio Patrizia , Condorelli Daniele F. 
Published: September 2022

Guanine-based purines (GBPs) exert numerous biological effects at the central nervous system through putative membrane receptors, the existence of which is still elusive. To shed light on this question, we screened orphan and poorly characterized G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), selecting those that showed a high purinoreceptor similarity and were expressed in glioma cells, where GBPs exerted a powerful antiproliferative effect. Of the GPRs chosen, only the silencing of GPR23, also known as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) 4 receptor, counteracted GBP-induced growth inhibition in U87 cells. Guanine (GUA) was the most potent compound behind the GPR23-mediated effect, acting as the endpoint effector of GBP antiproliferative effects. Accordingly, cells stably expressing GPR23 showed increased sensitivity to GUA. Furthermore, while GPR23 expression was low in a hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (HGPRT)-mutated melanoma cell line showing poor sensitivity to GBPs, and in HGPRT-silenced glioma cells, GPR23-induced expression in both cell types rescued GUA-mediated cell growth inhibition. Finally, binding experiments using [3H]-GUA and U87 cell membranes revealed the existence of a selective GUA binding (KD = 29.44 ± 4.07 nM; Bmax 1.007 ± 0.035 pmol/mg prot) likely to GPR23. Overall, these data suggest GPR23 involvement in modulating responses to GUA in tumor cell lines, although further research needs to verify whether this receptor mediates other GUA effects.
Low-dose norepinephrine in combination with hypotensive resuscitation may prolong the golden window for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats
Authors: Zhou Yuanqun , Li Qinghui , Xiang Xinming , Wu Yue , Zhu Yu , Peng Xiaoyong , Liu Liangming , Li Tao 
Published: September 2022

Hypotension resuscitation is an important principle for the treatment after trauma. Current hypotensive resuscitation strategies cannot obtain an ideal outcome for remote regions. With the uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS) model in rats, the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on the tolerance time of hypotensive resuscitation, blood loss, vital organ functions, and animal survival were observed. Before bleeding was controlled, only the LR infusion could effectively maintain the MAP to 50–60 mmHg for 1 h, while the MAP gradually decreased with prolonging time, even with increasing infusion volume. Low-dose NE during hypotensive resuscitation prolonged the hypotensive tolerance time to 2–3 h, and the effect of 0.3 μg/kg/min NE was the best. Further studies showed that 0.3 μg/kg/min NE during hypotensive resuscitation significantly lightened the damage of organ function induced by UHS via protecting mitochondrial function, while the LR infusion did not. At the same time, NE administration improved Hb content, DO2, and VO2, and restored liver and kidney blood flow. The survival results showed that low-dose NE administration increased the survival rate and prolonged the survival time. Together, low-dose NE during hypotensive resuscitation was suitable for the early treatment of UHS, which can strive for the golden window of emergency treatment for serious trauma patients by reducing blood loss and protecting vital organ functions.
A subspace projection approach to quantify respiratory variations in the f-wave frequency trend
Authors: Abdollahpur Mostafa , Engström Gunnar , Platonov Pyotr G. , Sandberg Frida 
Published: September 2022

Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known as a potent modulator of the initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF), hence information about ANS activity during AF may improve treatment strategy. Respiratory induced ANS variation in the f-waves of the ECG may provide such information.Objective: This paper proposes a novel approach for improved estimation of such respiratory induced variations and investigates the impact of deep breathing on the f-wave frequency in AF patients.Methods: A harmonic model is fitted to the f-wave signal to estimate a high-resolution f-wave frequency trend, and an orthogonal subspace projection approach is employed to quantify variations in the frequency trend that are linearly related to respiration using an ECG-derived respiration signal. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated and compared to that of a previously proposed bandpass filtering approach using simulated f-wave signals. Further, the proposed approach is applied to analyze ECG data recorded for 5 min during baseline and 1 min deep breathing from 28 AF patients from the Swedish cardiopulmonary bioimage study (SCAPIS).Results: The simulation results show that the estimates of respiratory variations obtained using the proposed approach are more accurate than estimates obtained using the previous approach. Results from the analysis of SCAPIS data show no significant differences between baseline and deep breathing in heart rate (75.5 ± 22.9 vs. 74 ± 22.3) bpm, atrial fibrillation rate (6.93 ± 1.18 vs. 6.94 ± 0.66) Hz and respiratory f-wave frequency variations (0.130 ± 0.042 vs. 0.130 ± 0.034) Hz. However, individual variations are large with changes in heart rate and atrial fibrillatory rate in response to deep breathing ranging from −9% to +5% and −8% to +6%, respectively and there is a weak correlation between changes in heart rate and changes in atrial fibrillatory rate (r = 0.38, p &lt; 0.03).Conclusion: Respiratory induced f-wave frequency variations were observed at baseline and during deep breathing. No significant changes in the magnitude of these variations in response to deep breathing was observed in the present study population.
Estradiol and zinc-doped nano hydroxyapatite as therapeutic agents in the prevention of osteoporosis; oxidative stress status, inflammation, bone turnover, bone mineral density, and histological alterations in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Elghareeb Mona M. , Elshopakey Gehad E. , Elkhooly Tarek A. , Salama Basma , Samy Alaa , Bazer Fuller W , Elmetwally Mohammed A , Almutairi Mikhlid H. , Aleya Lotfi , Abdel-Daim Mohamed M. , Rezk Shaymaa 
Published: September 2022

Osteoporosis (OP) is a serious health problem, and the most popular therapeutic strategy for OP is hormone replacement (estrogen); however, it increases the risk of reproductive cancers. Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles have a similar chemical structure to the bone mineral component and can be used as a new remedy for OP. This study was designed to investigate the osteoporosis-protective potential of nano zinc hydroxyapatite (ZnHA-NPs) and/or estradiol (E2) combined therapy. A total of 35 adult female rats were assigned into five groups (n = 7): 1) control group; 2) ovariectomized group (OVX); 3) OVX received oral estradiol replacement therapy (OVX/E2); 4) OVX received ZnHA replacement therapy (OVX/ZnHA); and 5) OVX received both estradiol and ZnHA-NPs combined therapy (OVX/E2+ZnHA). After 3 months of treatment, serum bone markers and estrogen level, oxidative/antioxidant, and inflammatory cytokines were determined. Additionally, femoral expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ESR1; ESR2), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANKL) ligand, osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone mineral density (BMD), histological alterations, and immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were assessed. ALP, PINP, Ca, and P concentrations improved significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in all treatment groups, especially in the OVX/E + ZnHA group. MDA and NO were higher in OVX rats, while SOD activity and GSH were lower (p &lt; 0.05). E2 alone or with ZnHA-NPs restored the estimated antioxidant molecules and cytokines toward normal levels in OVX rats (p &lt; 0.05). On the other hand, E2 and ZnHA increased OPG and OC expression in femurs while decreasing ESR1, ESR2, and NF-kB expression (p &lt; 0.05). The combination treatment was superior in the restoration of normal femoral histoarchitecture and both cortical and trabecular BMD (p &lt; 0.05). Overall, the combined therapy of OVX/E2+ZnHA was more effective than the individual treatments in attenuating excessive bone turnover and preventing osteoporosis.
DATA MINING TECHNIQUES IN EDUCATION
Authors: Алисултанова Э. Д. , Хаджиева Л. К. , Шудуева З. А. 
Published: September 2022

В данной статье проводится обзор и обосновывается актуальность применения методов интеллектуального анализа данных в образовании. Изложены особенности и основные методы, применяемые для анализа данных в исследуемой области. Описанные методы наиболее актуальны и употребимы в системах поддержки принятия решений. На современном этапе развития информационного объема данных рынок труда требует новых инструментов и методов для поддержки больших хранилищ данных для оптимальной выборки и получения необходимой информации. Интеллектуальный анализ данных (Data mining) направлен на выявление и обработку информации из большого массива, требуемой для принятия решений в определенных сферах деятельности человека. На сегодняшний день области применения Data mining включают такие сферы, как бизнес, образование, сельское хозяйство, медицину и другие. В данном аспекте использование искусственного интеллекта, машинного обучения и методов визуализации данных имеют колоссальное значение для цифровой экономики РФ.
This article reviews and substantiates the relevance of the application of data mining methods in education. The features and main methods used to analyze data in the study area are outlined. The described methods are the most relevant and usable in decision support systems. At the present stage of development of the information volume of data, the labor market requires new tools and methods to support large data warehouses for optimal sampling and obtaining the necessary information. Data mining is aimed at identifying and processing information from a large array required for decision making in certain areas of human activity. To date, the areas of application of Data mining include such areas as business, education, agriculture, medicine and others. In this aspect, the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning and data visualization methods are of great importance for the digital economy of the Russian Federation.
FEATURES OF INFORMATION AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT OFMEALY MACHINESOF A UNIFIEDBRANCHED AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM OF CONTINUOUS TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
Authors: Хмара В. В. , Хасцаев Б. Д. , Кабышев А. М. , Суворов Д. М. , Илюхин А. В. 
Published: September 2022

Известно, что при автоматизированном управлении любым (непрерывным или дискретным) технологическим процессом необходимо осуществлять непрерывный или периодический контроль технологических параметров, и в частности контроль состава исходного сырья предприятий горно-металлургической отрасли, а также многих других отраслей. Как правило, информацию о конкретном параметре получают в автоматизированных системах аналитического контроля (АСАК), включающих в себя подсистему автоматического отбора и доставки в лабораторию представительных проб. В статье рассмотрены особенности информационно-технического обеспечения средств подсистемы отбора и доставки на анализ проб технологических продуктов, рассмотрены основные устройства контейнерной доставки проб технологических продуктов для проведения лабораторного анализ.
It is known that with automated control of any (continuous or discrete) technological process, it is necessary to carry out continuous or periodic control of technological parameters and, in particular, control of the composition of raw materials of mining and metallurgical enterprises, as well as many other industries. As a rule, information about a specific parameter is obtained in automated analytical control systems (ASAC), which includes a subsystem for automatic sampling and delivery of representative samples to the laboratory. The article considers the features of information and technical support of the subsystem for sampling and delivery of samples of technological products for analysis, the main devices for container delivery of samples of technological products for laboratory analysis are considered.