bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionospheric electron enhancement immediately before the 2022 January 15 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai submarine volcano: A fake precursor caused by space weather
Authors: Heki Kosuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Near-field ionospheric total electron content records before and after the 2022/1/15 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai volcano, are studied using GNSS total electron content data. The data started showing positive departures from the afternoon smooth decreasing trend ~ 1 hour before the eruption. This anomaly is localized around the volcano, i.e., it decays as we go away from the volcano. The signature resembles to the one preceded the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake. However, a detailed investigation of ionospheric anomalies from a dense GNSS array in New Zealand showed a large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance propagating toward Tonga, excited by a moderate geomagnetic storm on the previous day. This suggests that the anomaly around the volcano immediately before the eruption was caused by the arrival of this disturbance at Tonga just at the eruption time.
Positive correlational shift between crevicular antimicrobial peptide LL-37, pain and periodontal status following non-surgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Madruga David , Garcia Miguel M , Martino Luca , Hassan Haidar , Elayat Ghada , Ghali Lucy , Ceballos Laura 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background. Periodontal disease represents a public health concern due to its high prevalence and uncertain recurrence after conventional treatment. Therapy outcome may be variable and given its multifactorial etiology, the precise mechanisms behind periodontitis are yet to be unveiled. In this regard, the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile has been well characterized but little is known about the anti-inflammatory cytokine and antimicrobial peptide overview prior to and after non-surgical treatment.
Methods. Sixty individuals were recruited from our University Clinic and allocated in two even groups of healthy and periodontitis subjects. A full periodontal examination was performed, and gingival crevicular fluid samples obtained at baseline and again, 4-6 weeks following scale and root planing (SRP) for the periodontitis group. Then, analyzed by ELISA kits to quantify LL-37 and interleukins 4, 6 and 10. Sex influence and the association of age and oral hygiene habits to periodontitis and treatment outcome including gingival clinical parameters and self-perceived pain were also analyzed.
Results. Higher crevicular volume and protein concentration corresponded to patients with more severe periodontitis and decreased following SRP. A positive correlational shift was also observed for LL-37 (and IL-6), self-perceived pain, and periodontal status. IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased in periodontal disease to healthy state but barely affected by conventional therapy. Levels of all mediators were irrespective of sex but ageing and tooth brushing frequency were confirmed as potential risk factors.
Conclusions. Crevicular LL-37 could stand as a reliable biomarker of both periodontal disease and the associated pain to dental probing. Also, for the prognosis following SRP therapy.
Trial registration. The study was registered in clinical trials.gov, with number NCT04404335, dated 27/05/2020.
From risk communication about asymptomatic atherosclerosis to cognitive and emotional reactions and lifestyle modification
Authors: Andersson Elin M. , Lindvall Kristina , Wennberg Patrik , Johansson Helene , Nordin Steven 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-adherence to preventive guidelines on cardiovascular disease calls for an interdisciplinary approach acknowledging psychological factors of relevance for risk communication and lifestyle modification. Evidence is building up regarding the advantage of sharing arterial imaging evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis with asymptomatic individuals, but there is limited understanding of how this relates to mechanisms of importance for behavioural change. Longitudinal studies on associations between patients’ reactions and lifestyle modification are missing. The population-based randomized controlled trial VIPVIZA investigates the impact of pictorial information about subclinical atherosclerosis, added to traditional risk factor-based communication. The intervention includes a personalized, colour-coded and age-related risk communication strategy and a motivational conversation, and has been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. In the present study we assessed cognitive and emotional reactions to the intervention, and how these reactions are associated to lifestyle modification.
Methods
The participants’ evaluation of the risk communication was assessed in the intervention group (n = 1749). Lifestyle modification was assessed with a lifestyle index based on physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption at baseline and after 3 years. Associations between cognitive and emotional response and lifestyle modification were tested with analyses of covariance in a subset of participants (n = 714–857).
Results
The intervention increased understanding of personal CVD risk, the possibility to influence the risk, and how to influence the risk. Severity of atherosclerosis was associated with emotional reactions, but emotions of strong negative valance were uncommon. Cognitive response and emotional arousal evoked by the intervention were positively associated with lifestyle modification, whereas negative emotions in isolation were not. High level of cognitive response in combination with high level of emotional arousal was found to be most beneficial for lifestyle modification.
Conclusions
The results demonstrate the potential of communicating asymptomatic atherosclerosis with a pictorial, colour-coded and age-related strategy, also including a motivational conversation. Furthermore, the results show the importance of CVD risk communication evoking engagement, and that an interaction between cognitive and emotional reactions might be central for sustained lifestyle modification. Our results also indicate that, in an asymptomatic population, atherosclerosis screening may strengthen disease prevention and health promotion.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01849575. Registration date 08/05/2013.
Availability and Affordability of Anticancer Medicines at Cancer Treating Hospitals in Rwanda
Authors: Rurangwa Clement , Ndayisenga Jerome , Sezirahiga Jurdas , Nyirimigabo Eric 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Availability and accessibility of anti-cancer medicines is the pillar of cancer management, and it is one of the main concerns in low-income countries including Rwanda. The objective of this study was to assess the availability and affordability of anticancer medicines at cancer-treating hospitals in Rwanda.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at 5 cancer-treating hospitals in Rwanda. Quantitative data were collected from stock cards and software that manage medicines and included the availability of anti-cancer medicines at the time of data collection, their stock status within the last two years, and the selling price.
Results: The study found the availability of anti-cancer medicines at 41% in public hospitals at the time of data collection, and 45% within the last two years. We found the availability of anti-cancer medicines at 45% in private hospitals at the time of data collection, and 61% within the last two years. 80% of anti-cancer medicines in private hospitals were unaffordable while 20% were affordable. The public hospital that had most of the anti-cancer medicines in the public sector provided free services to the patients, and no cost was applied to the anti-cancer medicines.
Conclusion: The availability of anti-cancer medicines in cancer-treating hospitals is low in Rwanda, and most of them are unaffordable. There is a need to design strategies that can increase the availability and affordability of anti-cancer medicines, for the patients to get recommended cancer treatment options.
Semantic Segmentation Model Performance on Vehicle-induced Dust Cloud Identification on Unsealed Roads
Authors: De Silva Asanka , Ranasinghe Rajitha , Sounthararajah Arooran , Haghighi Hamed , Kodikara Jayantha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A substantial proportion of roads, especially in developing countries, remain unsealed. Monitoring of traffic-induced dust is an essential part of unsealed road maintenance. The measurement of the degree of severity of dust emissions is a challenging task due to dust's spatio-temporal characteristics, the requirement for expensive equipment, and rapidly changing environmental conditions. The next evolution of mobility solutions for unsealed roads calls for more robust, time-efficient and smart methods, such as machine learning techniques to solve dust-related road problems. This paper investigates the performance of current semantic segmentation machine learning models on the identification of dust clouds using the previously published URDE dataset. Based on static image performance, the selected models are then used to identify and segment dust clouds in video recordings of road dust emissions. These are used to visually analyse the segmentation quality of the best-performing machine learning models and determine whether the development of novel machine learning models for segmentation of dust is necessary. In this study, we provide code and validation data including segmented videos which will assist in real-world applications.
Characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial community distribution in Wanfeng Lake, upper Pearl River, China
Authors: Zhang Yuntao , Li Jiang , Wu Tianyu , Ma Kai , Cheng Zhentao , Yi Qianwen , Dai Yongheng , Wang Bin , Chen Yu , Wang Bin , Hu Xia , Yang Aijiang , Yang Qi , Zhong Xiong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Wanfeng Lake, a highland lake in the upper part of the Pearl River Basin, has long been disturbed by aquaculture and human activities, resulting in the accumulation of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which pose a major threat to humans and animals. In this study, 20 antibiotics, 9 ARGs, 2 mobile genetic elements (intl1 and intl2) and microbial community structure were investigated in Wanfeng Lake. The results of the study showed that the total concentration of antibiotics in surface water was 372.72 ng/L, with ofloxacin (OFX) having the highest concentration (169.48 ng/L), posing a high ecological risk to aquatic organisms. The total concentration of antibiotics in sediments was235.86 ng/g, with flumequine (FLU) having the highest concentration (122.54 ng/g). Thisindicates that the main type of antibiotics in Wanfeng Lake are quinolones. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis results of the relative abundance of ARGs in both surface water and sediments showed that sulfonamide resistance genes > macrolide resistance genes > tetracycline resistance genes > quinolone resistance genes, indicating that sulfonamide resistance genes were the dominant type. The metagenomic results showed that the predominant microorganisms in the sediment under the phylum level were Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Euryarchaeota and Chloroflexi. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between antibiotics and environmental factors with ARGs in Wanfeng Lake and a significant positive correlation between antibiotics and ARGs with microorganisms in sediments. This suggests that there is a potential pressure of antibiotics on ARGs, while microorganisms provide the driving force for the evolution and spread of ARGs. This study provides a basis for further research on the occurrence and spread of antibiotics and ARGs in Wanfeng Lake.
Assessment of C-reactive protein / serum albumin ratio in relation to acute presentation and early outcome of patients with Acute Coronary syndrome
Authors: AlTameemi Waseem , Alkhazraji Noor Alaa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cardiovascular (CV) cause of mortality . C reactive protein (CRP) has linked with long-term risk of recurrent cardiovascular events or death. Albumin, in contrast to CRP known as negative acute-phase proteins. Thus a newly introduced marker assessed relation of CRP to albumin ratio (CAR), which may provide better results than the use of either marker alone.
Aim: - to assess the association of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) with in hospital short-term major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.
Patients & methods: A multi-centers prospective cohort study conducted at coronary intensive care units (CICU) in Baghdad during the period from March to October 2021 that included a total of 132 patients who were diagnosed as a case of ACS. They were assessed for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) like cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, post-MI angina, and acute heart failure while inside the ward, in addition to need for early interventional therapeutic approach in relation to (CAR) immediately at time of admission to hospital.
Results: High values of CAR, whether using hs-CRP or CRP, were identified as an independent predictor for in-hospital MACEs (P value < 0.001 and 0.002 respectively. A cut off value of CAR (using hs-CRP) in is 3.18 mg/L in context of discrimination between medically treated ACS patients and death outcome in term of high CAR . A cut off value of CAR (using CRP) as 9.13mg/L suggests the usefulness in discrimination of outcome in relation to medically managed patients , at presentation . CAR had a positive significant correlation with hospital stay (r= 0.210, P =0.036) .
Conclusion: The CAR was independently correlated with in-hospital short-term MACEs and can be used for risk stratification in patients with ACS.
Dietary quality of elderly people at high risk of stroke in Tianjin Community, China: a multicenter study
Authors: Gu Yumeng , Xia Xiaoshuang , Xue Juanjuan , Wang Dongliang , Wei Zhiqiang , Tian Xiaolin , Li Xin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a common and frequently-occurring disease in elderly people. It has the characteristics of high morbidity, high mortality, high recurrence rate and high disability rate. Most stroke risk studies are based on pathophysiology, however psychosocial factors such as diet quality are often understudied. The aim of this study was to assess stroke risk in urban community residents in Tianjin and investigate the impact of diet quality on stroke risk.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional, multicenter study, recruit people aged 60 to 80 in Tianjin. Dietary intake data were obtainedthrough a validated food frequencyquestionnaire, which were used to calculate Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and to analyzeits association with sociodemographic, stroke risk factors and health marker variables.
Results
A total of 1068 participants were recruited, including 300 low-risk groups and 768 high-risk groups. Compared with the low-risk group (62.75 ± 3.59), the AHEI-2010 mean score of the high-risk group (56.83 ± 6.54) was significantly lower. The top three most common risk factors among participants were dyslipidemia (80.3%), hypertension (60.6%), and physical inactivity (58.2%). Multiple logistic regression showed that diet quality was independently and significantly associated with stroke risk (OR = 0.765; 95% CI: 0.690–0.848, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The diet quality of high-risk stroke population in Tianjin is far from ideal. At the same time, public health knowledge needs to be disseminated and educated, especially among those at high risk of cerebrovascular disease, with a focus on improving psychosocial factors such as diet quality.
Incidence, lifetime health impact and medical costs of renal cell carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Lu Chin-Heng , Chiu Ying-Ming , Ou Yen-Chuan , Lan Joung-Liang , Wang Jung-Der , Tung Min-Che 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has risen for decades. We aimed to explore the epidemiologic trends, long-term outcomes, and lifetime medical costs of RCC in Taiwan. Data from the National Cancer Registry, Mortality Registry, and the National Health Insurance of Taiwan were interlinked and we collected 14,131 RCC cases from 1998 to 2016. The Cumulative incidence rates (aged 20-79) of RCC consistently increased from 0.37% to 0.73% in males and from 0.23% to 0.36% in females, respectively. The life expectancy (LE) of women RCC seemed slightly better than that of men after stratification by age, while the loss of LE appeared similar in both sexes. However, women with clear cell RCC showed a higher loss of LE than men if diagnosed before the age of 65 years. Although the lifetime costs incurred by patients with RCC decreased among middle- and older-aged individuals, the annual cost per life-year appeared to increase with age. Increased proportion of target therapy in aged 50-64 among male RCC partially accounted for the increased lifetime costs in this group. We concluded that RCC is associated with heavy health and economic burdens in Taiwan and prevention would be the first strategy for control.
Direct Conversion of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine to N- containing heterocyclic compounds 3-acetamidofuran and 3-acetamido-5-acetly furan.
Authors: Shaikh Samrin , Patil Chetana , Lucas Nishita , Bokade Vivek , Rode Chandrashekar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Effectual waste utilization from plant as well as marine biomass has gained tremendous importance with reference to sustainability. The valorization of marine biomass produces value added compounds containing not only C, H, O but also renewable N atom in the skeleton which widens the scope for its exploration which may prove to be economically beneficial to the society. Heterogeneous catalytic transformation of marine biomass i.e. N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) to N-substituted aromatic heterocyclic is reported for the very first time. Cost effective and stable metal oxide catalysts were deployed for the transformation. Catalyst screening study showed that La2O3 was found to be an excellent catalyst for N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) dehydration which mainly produced 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). The physicochemical properties of the metal oxide catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, MeOH-FTIR, TPD, SEM, N2 sorption studies and HR-TEM analysis for structure activity relationship. The effect of various reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent effect on dehydration of N-acetyl glucosamine has been studied in detail for higher yields. The results revealed that the presence of weak basic sites which are Brønsted in nature and nano pores present on the surface were responsible for improved dehydration of the chitin biomass to selectively yield 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). La2O3 catalyst showed optimum 50% 3AF yield from N-Acetyl glucosamine at 180 ºC in 3h. Efficacious exploitation of marine biomass to value added chemicals using heterogeneous catalyst through simple route and easy separation of N-substituted heterocyclic aromatics is the most innovative aspect of the current study. Thus, utilization of heterogeneous catalyst and renewable biomass as a raw material indicates a transition towards more sustainable and greener approach.
Metal-free phosphorus and boron doped graphitic carbon nitride/zeolite hetero-linked particles for highly efficient green hydrogen production in methanol
Authors: SAKA Cafer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Herein, the development of phosphorus and boron doped graphitic carbon nitride/zeolite (P and B doped g-C3N4-zeolite) catalyst under three-step heating conditions was performed. The first step is to prepare g-C3N4 synthesis from urea at 500 oC. In the second step, the production of B-doped zeolite-g-C3N4 catalyst by calcination of g-C3N4 and zeolite obtained at a ratio of 1:1 with boric acid at 500 oC. In the third step, the obtained B doped zeolite- g-C3N4 catalyst consists of the preparation of B and P doped g-C3N4-zeolite catalyst as a result of hydrothermal method with phosphoric acid. Characterization studies of the obtained catalysts were carried out with XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR and XPS analyzes. These obtained catalysts were used as a metal free catalyst in the production of hydrogen (H2-P) by sodium borohydride in methanol(NaBH4-MR) for the first time in the literature. Hydrogen production rate (HGR) value for B and P doped g-C3N4-zeolite catalysts was 6250 ml min− 1 g− 1.
Study on Layout Evolution of Vernacular Dwellings in Coastal Fishing Village of Qingdao（China）
Authors: Jiao Zhuangqing , Zhang Tao , Duan Yuechen , Hu Qinian , Gao Weijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the development of Chinese Rural Revitalization, the economy of coastal fishing villages in Shandong province is constantly improving and people's demand for vernacular dwellings is also under change. However, due to the lack of scientific and reasonable guidance in construction, vernacular dwellings in fishing villages only pursue form novelty blindly, which makes the newly built dwellings without regional features and lack of regional adaptability. In order to make the vernacular dwellings meet the living requirements for residents and the ecological adaptability, this paper takes Huangdao District as a research area and studies the fishing villages of Langya Town. From the aspects of the residential area, courtyard form, courtyard space layout, and so on, this paper focuses on the analysis of the living mode and the internal relationship with the layout of transitions of vernacular dwellings in Huangdao District of Qingdao. Through literature review, data consultation, and site investigation, the results reveal the reasons and rules behind the transition of the layout of vernacular dwellings in fishing villages, which can be used as a research basis for the future ecological adaptation design that meets the living requirements for residents and the regional features in the following fishing villages’ development.