bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Sweetpotato Flea Beetle Larvae on Sweet Potatoes, 1977
Authors: Linduska James J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Goldmar sweet potato sprouts were planted in 3-row plots (32 inch row spacing), 45-ft in length, on May 27‘77. Plant population was approximately 14,000 plants/A. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. All chemicals were applied broadcast with a shaker can. The soil was a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. Preplant treatments were applied May 25 and were incorporated 3-5 inches into the soil with a single disc-ing. Soil temperature at the 4 inch depth at the time of preplant application was 23°C. Post plant treatments were applied over the foliage at root-swell on Jul 21. Yield data were taken from 3 sections of row, 30 feet in length. At harvest time 100 roots/treatment/replication were selected at random and examined for flea beetle larvae injury (shallow writing on the roots).
Control of Colorado Potato Beetle in Direct Seeded Tomatoes with Systemic Insecticides, 1978
Authors: Linduska James J. , Hochmuth Robert C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chico III and Campbell 28 tomatoes were direct seeded in alternating rows with a Planet Jr. Chico III tomatoes were planted on May 30 and Campbell 28 tomatoes were planted on Jun 5. The Chico III tomatoes served as buffer rows and were planted early so as to encourage an infestation of Colorado potato beetle. Plots consisted of a single row of tomatoes 45-ft long, buffered on each side by a guard row; distance between rows was 6 feet. When the plants were 2-3 inches tall they were thinned so as to provide clumps of 3 tomato plants spaced 12-inches apart. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. All treatments were applied pre-plant in a 24-inch band using a small push type Gandy applicator on Jun 5. They were incorporated into the top 3-5 inches of soil with a rototiller. Soil temperature at the 4 inch depth at the time of treatment was 70°F. Soil was classified as a Norfolk “A” loamy sand. When plants were 3-4 inches tall, 10 plants were selected at random in each plot and rated visually to the nearest 10% defoliation. Yield data were taken from a 10 ft section in the center of each plot. Yield data from 5 different harvest dates were combined and reported in tons/acre. Plots were irrigated when moisture was below normal.
Second Cutting Alfalfa Insect Control Study, 1977
Authors: Gauthier Norman L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alfalfa was planted at the Agway Farm Research Center, Fabius, NY, on Apr 23‘75, in a randomized block design of 3 replications (plot size 12ft x 25 ft - 300 square feet/plot). Six hundred lb/acre of 1 -10-40 with boron used for fertilization and Eptam and other PPI herbicides were used. Treatments were applied on Jun 30‘77 with CO2 bottle sprayer using 0.5 gallon bottles to deliver 72.6 GPA at 30 psi. Post treatment insect samplings were done at 11 days on July 11‘77 by using 10-180° insect sweep net collections per plot. Yields were taken at harvest on Jul 29‘77 by cutting a 6 x 21.5 (130 square feet) swath out of plot centers and weighing all hay cut. Samples were taken to determine percent DM by over drying analysis.
Control of Alfalfa Weevil in Alfalfa, 1978
Authors: Hellman John L. , Azarion G. , Newton P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two production locations were selected for this test. The Beltsville site is a sandy loam soil type with the Saranac AR variety of alfalfa. The Denton-Williamsburg alfalfa stand is grown on a sandy soil. The Denton stand was harvested 5 days before the Beltsville site so the crop developmental stage was similar. Tip damage levels at both sites exceeded the 50-60% level. Pupation was also underway in both areas. Treatment plots were 40 ft x 40 ft and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates at each site. Precounts and treatments were made May 22 (Beltsville) and May 19 (Denton). Precounts averaged 100 larvae/sweep at Beltsville and 59 larvae/sweep at Denton. A random single 180° sweep with a 15 inch dia. net was made in each plot and the number of larvae recorded. Sprays were applied with a “back-pack” CO2 pressure sprayer calibrated to deliver 20 gpa at 30 psi. Post treatment counts were made May 26 Beltsville and May 24 Denton.
Alfalfa Weevil Larval Control, Missouri, 1978
Authors: Huggans J. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A test of insecticide efficacy on alfalfa weevil larvae was conducted May 23 through June 13 at Linneus, Missouri. The site was an old mixed stand of alfalfa and grass on Grundy silt loam having a 5-10% slope and 4-8 inch of surface soil. Sprays of the compounds under test were applied to 20 x 50 ft plots in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Finished spray treatments were applied in 20 gpa (unless otherwise noted in the table) at 40 psi with an International Harvester Cub tractor rigged with a boom and power take-off powered roller pump. Treatments applied May 23 were evaluated May 30-31, June 6-7 and June 13 by plucking 15 individual stems per plot and extracting living larvae by heating for 24 hours in “Berlese” funnels. The evaluation was terminated June 13 when counts from two replicates indicated that pupation had reduced remaining larval densities below a meaningful level. Labeled insecticides recommended for weevil control by the University of Missouri included in the test as standards of comparison were: Imidan 50WP at 1.0 lb ai/a and Furadan 4F at 0.5 lb ai/a.
Northern Corn Rootworm Study, 1977
Authors: Gauthier Norman L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted on the Roger Gleason Farm, Groton, NY. Field corn was planted and treated May 10‘77 in a field 300 ft x 500 ft with 36 inch row spacing previously planted to corn for the past four years. Seed was treated with Captan 75W + Methoxychlor 2% at 1.3 oz/100 lb plus hopper box application of Diazinon 33% Seed Treater at 4 oz per bushel. As a starter fertilizer, 150 lb 10-20-20/A was applied. Atrazine + Prowl 6E applied preemergence at 1 + 1.5 lb ai/A. Granular insecticide applied with E-Z Flo applicators at planting attached to a 4 row IH corn planter. This large block design test utilized commercial application and planting equipment. Fan spreaders mounted in front of the press wheel on the granular applicators were used to deliver a 5-7 inch band of chemical with shallow incorporation by the press wheel. Each block of corn consisted of 16 rows planted in length of 500 feet to equal half acre blocks. The middle three rows of corn were subsampled to obtain replication. Larval damage by the Northern Corn Rootworm was assessed on Sep 8‘77 and grain yields obtained on Oct 24‘77. In each large block, 3 randomly selected groups of 10 plants out of the middle 3 rows were dug, roots cleaned, and rated for root damage using the Iowa Root Rating Injury Indexing System (refer to table). At harvest, the lodging stand counts and number of ears were determined from each block for 3-1/1000 acre grain yield samplings.
Control of Cotton Thrips by Seed Treatment, 1978
Authors: Hairston William G. , MacFarlane John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Five insecticides were evaluated for systemic activity against thrips. Stoneville 213 cottonseed were treated in a laboratory “tumbler” type seed treater on April 24‘78. All seed except the untreated check were also treated with Captan 30 Flowable and Vitavax 30 Flowable Fungicides at the rate of 1.2 oz A.l. each per 100 pounds. Plots were planted May 10‘78 at Custom Ag Service Research Farm, Loraine, Texas. Each treatment was replicated four times with each replication being two rows wide and 25 feet long. Plantings were made with a two row “cone” type planter with exactly 300 seeds being planted per row of each replication. Stand count, thrips count, and thrips damage ratings were made on June 9‘78.
Methyl Bromide Fumigation for Pink Bollworm Control, 1972-8
Authors: Roth Herbert , Kennedy John W. , Fons James F. , George Strasser E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bolls or seeds infested with larvae in the diapause state were obtained from Texas or Arizona. Material was held at treatment temperature for 48 h before and 24 h after fumigation, then stored at near 7°C. Dosage and exposure time were varied to provide specific concentration time products (CT). Examinations for efficacy were made 2-16 weeks after treatment.
Sorghum Greenbug Control, 1977
Authors: Peters Leroy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design in Clay County, Nebraska. Irrigated plots, summarized in Table 1, were four rows, 38 ft (11.58 m) long (30 in [76.2 cm] centers), with five replications. The two center rows were used to evaluate the insect populations. Plots were separated by a 15 ft (4.57 m) grass driveway on each end. Additional water (3.5 in) was applied with towline sprinklers. All other plots were under dryland conditions and were four rows, spaced 30 in (76.2 cm), 30 ft (9.144 m) long. The two center rows were used to evaluate the insect population. Plots were separated on the end by 2-4 ft alleys and a 15 ft untreated strip. Dryland experiments were replicated four times except for the recommended (University of Nebraska, Dept. of Entomology) insecticide test (Table 2) which was replicated five times. Granular insecticides were applied with a Noble metering device mounted on the planter or a bicycle-wheeled carriage. Liquid insecticides were applied with a compressed air-plot sprayer mounted on a high-clearance ground sprayer. Relative effectiveness of treatments was evaluated by counting live greenbugs on ten plants selected at random from each plot until July 18 when five plants per plot were examined. Percent control was calculated by Abbott’s formula. Insect counts at or near the peak population (around August 1) were subjected to analysis of variance. Counts were transformed X+0.5. Where the F value was significant at the 5% level, the means were ranked according to Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.
Bean Leaf Beetle Control on Soybeans, 1975-76
Authors: Bass Max H. , Sen-Ball Chiu Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tests were conducted during late August and early September in 1975 and 1976 at the Auburn University Black Belt Substation near Marion Junction, Alabama, to determine effective rates of several insecticides for control of the bean leaf beetle on soybeans. Plots of Bragg soybeans were four rows wide (40 inch rows) and 37 feet long in all tests. Tests were arranged in a randomized complete block, replicated four times. Sprays were applied (1 application only) using a CO2 pressurized sprayer calibrated to deliver 12.5 gallons of insecticidal spray per acre. Counts of live adult bean leaf beetles were made 24 hours after treatment. Beetles were collected from the two middle rows of each plot using a sweepnet. Each count represented 25 sweeps, and each sweep consisted of sweeping across and through two rows of soybeans.
Soybean Looper Control on Soybeans, 1975-76
Authors: Sen-Ball Chiu Paul , Bass Max H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One test (Table 1) was conducted in 1975 at the Auburan University Black Belt Sutstation near Marion Junction, Alabama, using Bragg variety soybeans. Four insecticides at various rates were tested in this experiment. Nine tests (Table 1-5) were conducted in 1976 at the Auburn University Plant Breeding Unit at Tallassee, Alabama, also using Bragg variety soybeans. Several insecticides at various rates were evaluated in these tests. Plots were four rows wide and 37 feet long (1/100 acre) in all tests. A randomized complete block design with 4 replications per treatment was used. Sprays were applied using a CO2 pressurized sprayer delivering 12.5 gallons of insecticidal spray per acre. Counts of live looper larvae were made 24 hours after treatment on most plots. Counts were made on plots treated with Dipel 5 days after treatment; Dintil in treated plots were surveyed at 7 and 14 days post-treatment. Larvae were collected from a total of 12 feet of row from the middle two rows of each plot using the plant-shake ground-cloth method. Mean counts for each treatment were anlayzed using Duncan’s multiple range test to determine differences at P = 0.05.
Thrips and Potato Leafhopper Control on Soybeans, 1978
Authors: Hellman John L. , Azarion G. , Newton P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
York soybeans were 5-6 inch high at time of treatment. Treatment plots within a production field were 10 x 10 ft and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Pre-counts and treatments were made on June 13’78 when thrips averaged 23/10 plants and potato leafhoppers averaged 24/10 plants in all plots. Sprays were applied with a “back-pack” CO2 pressure sprayer calibrated to deliver 30 gpa at 40 psi. Post treatment counts were made June 14’78 and June 18’78 by selecting 10 plants at random and recording the number of adults and nymphs of each species.
Control of

E

.

Hirtipennis

and

M

.

Persicae

on Burley Tobacco, 1977
Authors: Pless C. D. , Shamiyeh N.B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Burley tobacco ‘Va 509’ was transplanted on May 31. All treatments were applied using 2.5 gal compressed air sprayers at 30 gal/acre. Portable CO2 tanks supplied a constant sprayer tank pressure of 30 psi. Spray treatments were applied on a 14-day schedule for a total of 5 applications, beginning June 15. Plots were 15 ft x 2 rows, each separated from another by one untreated row. Rows were spaced 40 inches apart. Plants were spaced 14 inches within rows. Four randomized complete blocks were separated by 3-ft alleys. Flea beetle damage was evaluated as feeding holes per leaf. Counts were made on the fifth leaf of width greater than 2 inches from the top of the plant. Results in the data table are averages of 5 bi-weekly 40-leaf counts beginning June 22 and ending August 19. Aphid ratings ranged from 0 (no evident infestation) to 5 (heavy infestation of the entire plant with necrosis of lower leaf bases). Ratings in the table, made August 8, are averaged for 96 plants. Soil type was Hermitage silt-loam of pH 6.3.
Incidence and Severity of Barley Yellow Dwarf on Wheat Treated with Systemic Insecticides for Aphid Control, 1978
Authors: Reed H. E. , Chambers A. Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two systemic insecticides, Thimet 15G and Di-Syston 15G were applied with a Gandy applicator in the furrow at seeding time on Oct 7’77. A randomized-block was used with individual plots 6.4 m by 21.3 m. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Foliage disease symptoms were taken when the disease was most severe in late May of 1978. Di-Syston 15G and Thimet 15G treatments both gave significant reductions in foliage disease symptoms and increased grain yields over the untreated check plots.
Sycamore, Sycamore Lace Bug Control, 1978
Authors: Pinkston Ken , Price Richard , Ree Bill , Hart Dottie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sycamores, 12 to 15 ft high were treated on Jun27 in Stillwater, Oklahoma Application equipment consisted of a John Bean 55 Sprayer, series L-155 and a 785 John Bean Spraymaster deluxe gun which delivered 1.76 gal/min of finished spray at 300 psi. Plants were sprayed until runoff. Treatments were randomized and replicated three times. Temperature at time of application was 95°F and the wind velocity was 0 to 5 mph. Pretreatment and posttreatment counts were determined by examining 6 leaves at random per tree and recording the number of nymphs and adults.
PAlms, Citrus Mealybug Control, California, 1978
Authors: Oetting Ronald D. , Morishita Frank S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nine insecticides were tested for their effectiveness on citrus mealy-bug infesting areca palms in 6 inch pots on raised benches in a greenhouse. Insecticides were applied as foliar sprays (except for Temik granules) to the point of runoff utilizing a hand sprayer at 60 psi with a 5002 nozzle. Five single plant replicates were treated on July 10, 1978. Greenhouse temperature was ca 30°C. Counts were taken on July 7 and at 7-day intervals following treatment. Efficacy was evaluated by marking 3 leaflets on each plant and recording the number of live mealybugs on each leaflet weekly.
Azalea Lacebug Control, University Park, Pennsylvania, 1978
Authors: Shetlar David J. , Heller Paul R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A planting of 80 azalea plants averaging 0.5m in height and diameter were used. The plants were in groups of 6 to 14 plants separated by at least 2m. Each group was considered a replicate. Each plant was sprayed with a compression sprayer until run off. Counts were made by counting the nymphs and adults for one minute/4 plants/replicate. A prespray count showed no significant differences in populations between replicates. Prespray counts and sprays were made on July 20, 1978 and postspray counts were made on July 25, 1978. The average day temperature was 22°C and no precipitation occurred.
Gladiolus, Gladiolus Thrips and Melon Aphid Control, 1978
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of eight insecticides on gladiolus pests was evaluated on three varieties of gladiolus between July 6 and August 31 ’78. The planting was located near Westpoint, Indiana. All of the treatments, except Temik, were foliar sprays applied with a one gallon B&G stainless steel sprayer operating at 30 psi. The Temik granules were applied in a furrow along side of the row which was then closed with soil. A randomized slock design wai utilized with five replications. Replicates A aid B were the white variety, Beverly Anne; replicate C was a pink variety, Pink Parade, while replicates D and E were the variety Red Majesty. Each plot contained 10 gladiolus plaits. The numbers of thrips were sampled by removing a total of three lea/es from the center eight plants in each plot. The leaves were bagged, transported to the laboratory and placed in a Berlese funnel and the captured number of thrips counted under a binocular-microscope. On Aug 31 a floral spike was removed from each plot and placed in a Berlese funnel and the resulting numbers of melon aphids counted.
Jungleflame Ixora, Hemispherical Scale Control, 1978
Authors: Ray Charles H. , Williams Michael L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Twenty-seven 12-24 inch tall, container-grown Ixoracoccinea, heavily infested with hemispherical scale were selected for treatment. Test plants were growing in 2 gal pots. All stages of hemispherical scale were present. A single application of the test materials was made out-of-doors on June 17. The foliage of all plants was sprayed to run-off using compressed air sprayers. Treatments were replicated 3 times, one plant constituting a replication. Plants were allowed to dry and then were returned to a greenhouse. Mortality was determined on July 6 by counting 100 individuals per plant. Counts were made with the use of a stereo-microscope by examining each scale insect and scoring it as living if normally-colored and full-bodied or dead if it was discolored and shriveled or dried.
Greenhouse Whitefly Control on Poinsetta, Pennsylvania, 1978
Authors: Shetlar David J. , Heller Paul R. , Miller Karl V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cuttings of the Annette Hegg Diva strain of poinsetta were taken on June 29, rooted, and transplanted to 4 inch pots containing an equal mix of peat, perlite, vermiculite and mush-room casing soil. Plants were grown under natural light and no growth regulators or insecticides were applied. Water and fertilizer were furnished through a trickle flow system. The greenhouse temperature average 21°C. Eight treatments plus a control were applied in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were replicated 10 times. Foliar sprays were applied to runoff with a compression sprayer and granular insecticides were measured and sprinkled over the surface of the soil. Samples were taken before spray and at days 3,7,14, 21 and 28. Counts were made by counting the number of live nymphs on a 5cm2 area of leaf surface. Percent control is expressed as the average number of nymphs found per treatment compared to the control.
Schefflera, Mealybug Control in Greenhouse, 1978
Authors: Price Richard , Pinkston Ken , Ree Bill , Hart Dittie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Schefflera plants, approximately 6 inch in height, maintained in 6-inch pots on greenhouse benches were used in the test. Temik 10 g was applied at three different rates. Each treatment consisted of one plant, replicated five times. Granules were evenly distributed over the soil surface in each pot. The plants were then watered to saturatioi and watered daily for seven days following treatment. A pretreatment count consisted of examining two plants in each treatment and recording nymphs and adults. Seven days after treatment, each plant was examined for the same life cycle stages and recorded.
Snapdragons, Flower Thrips and Green Peach Aphid Control, 1978
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Fourteen insecticides were evaluated for the control of snapdragon pests between July 5 and July 26, 1978. The planting was located in a private garden in West Lafayette, Indiana. All of the treatments, except Temik, were foliar sprays applied with a one gallon B&G Stainless steel sprayer operating at 30 psi. The Temik granules were weighed and sprinkled into a furrow around each individual plant. The furrow was then covered with soil. A randomized block design was utilized with three replicates. Each plot consisted of an individual plant 12-14 inch high. Three weeks after treatment (T/21) a floral head was removed from each plant, bagged, taken into the laboratory and placed in a Berlese funnel and the captured thrips and aphids counted under a binocular microscope.
Taxus, Black Vine Weevil Control, Wooster, Ohio, 1978
Authors: Boggs Joseph F. , Nielsen David G. , Dunlap Michael J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Efficacy of insecticides for control of black vine weevil adults was evaluated by laboratory bioassay of foliar residues collected from the field at specified intervals. Finished sprays were applied to runoff with a CO2 compression sprayer operating at 40 psi with a Tee Jet SS8004 flat fan nozzle between 9:00 AM and 10:30 AM (EDT) on Aug 11, 1978 under sunny skies at 20°C with a slight breeze (8-12 kilometres/hr). Small portions (.5 - 1.0 m wide) of Taxusmedia ‘Flemer’, 3+m high growing in Secrest Arboretum at Wooster were thoroughly sprayed with each candidate material. One day later, 3 10-15 cm twigs were clipped from each treatment area and placed in individual 9 x 16 cm cylindrical paper cartons fitted with a screen lid. Five ovipositing weevils were added to each container; containers were held at ca. 22°C, 15 hr light/day, and ambient humidity. All weevils used were previously collected in Lake County, Ohio and held in a rearing chamber with fresh taxus foliage at approximately the above conditions. Additional bioassays were conducted at intervals given in Table 1. Mortality was assessed 72 hr after caging weevils with rreated foliage.
Velvet Plant, Fungus Gnat Control, 1978
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Eighteen insecticides were applied to Velvet Plants to test their effectiveness against fungus gnats. Individual plants 12-20 in.tall in4 inch pots in the greenhouse complex at the Indiana State Veterans Home, West Lafayette, Indiana were used for the experiment. All treatments, except Temik, were foliar applications applied with a one gallon B&G stainless steel compressed air sprayer operated at 30 psi. Measured amounts of Temik granules were sprinkled on the surface of the soil in each pot and watered in. A randomized block design with three replications was used in the experiment. Twelve days after treatment a 160 gm sample of the soil was removed from each pot, placed in a cottage cheese carton emergence cage and taken to the laboratory and held for counts of the Fungus Gnats that emerged. Gnats were counted on July 10 and 22, 1978.