bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of pipe material on the wall reaction coefficients and its application in the rehabilitation of water supply system of San Pedro Nexapa, State of Mexico
Authors: Mompremier Rojacques , Fuentes Mariles Óscar Arturo , Ghebremichael Kebreab , Gómez Nuñez Jersain , Ramírez Pérez Tonantzin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the major challenges faced by water companies around the world is the high level of chlorine losses in distribution networks. This paper presents an experimental study to examine chlorine loss in different types of pipe materials and select the ones with low chlorine demand for the rehabilitation of the water distribution network of San Pedro Nexapa, State of Mexico. The materials investigated include: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), galvanized steel (GS), polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). A 24-h chlorine consumption study was performed in a simulated water distribution network to assess the impact of wall reaction coefficient on chlorine decay. Four sets of independent pipe loops of 50 mm in diameter and 12 m in length were used. Two different scenarios were considered based on different initial chlorine concentration (1.21 mg/L and 1.60 mg/L). Samples were collected at each loop at two-hour intervals and physicochemical analyses were conducted. Results from the experimental distribution network showed that the wall coefficient values for GS, HDPE, PP and PVC were 0.165 h−1, 0.059 h−1, 0.043 h−1 and 0.026 h−1, respectively. Experimental results showed that wall reaction coefficient values depend on initial chlorine concentration and the characteristics of pipe material. The rate of free chlorine decay was found to be faster in steel pipe and slower in the plastic pipes. Based on its having the lowest chlorine demand compared with the other pipes, PVC pipe would be selected to rehabilitate Nexapa water distribution network, State of Mexico. The wall coefficients from the experimental study were incorporated into EPANET through four simulation runs to predict chorine decay of San Pedro Nexapa water distribution network, State of Mexico. In the PVC and PP pipes higher residual chlorine concentrations were observed that ranged from 0.30 to 0.90 mg/L and 0.50 to 0.95 mg/L, respectively. This study is important for utilities to operate their system effectively and protect public health.
Role of Polysaccharides Mimetic Components in Targeted Cancer Treatment
Authors: Gupta Nandan , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Organic or inorganic compounds are synthesized or formulated to demonstrate their thera-peutic actions, like a natural polysaccharide in the body. Polysaccharides, the major type of natural polymers, are biologically active, non-toxic, hydrophilic, and biodegradable and exhibit various prop-erties. This manuscript is focused on delivering anticancer drugs with the help of mimetic compo-nents of polysaccharides. The data presented in this manuscript were obtained from PubMed, Else-vier, Taylor & Francis and Bentham Science Journals. Most chemotherapeutics are toxic to the hu-man body, have a narrow therapeutic index, sluggish pharmaceutical delivery mechanisms, and are poorly soluble in water. The use of mimetic components of polysaccharides leads to the enhancement of the solubility of drugs in the biological environment. The current review summarizes the use of mimetic components of polysaccharides along with anticancer agents, which are capable of inhibiting the growth of cancerous cells in the body and exhibiting lesser adverse effects in the biological sys-tem compared to other therapies.
Correlation Between Plasma Levels of RIP3 and Acute Ischemic Stroke with Large-Artery Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yu Hailong , Chen Beilei , Hang Jing , Zhao Yuanyuan , Geng Yang , Li Xiaobo , Gu Zhie , Li Jun , Jiang Chao , Tao Luhang 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Receptor-interacting serine-threonine protein kinase 3 (RIP3) was previously
discovered to be an important medium in the occurrence and development of major atherosclerotic
cerebral infarction. However, the role of RIP3 in acute ischemic stroke remains unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the correlation between plasma levels of RIP3 and acute
ischemic stroke with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA).

Methods:
This prospective study enrolled 116 patients with LAA, 40 healthy controls, and 30 acute
ischemic stroke patients with small-artery occlusion. The patients with LAA were divided according
to the quartile of plasma levels of RIP3. A logistic regression model was used for comparison. The
ROC curve was performed to evaluate the predictive value.

Results:
In patients with LAA, the RIP3 levels in patients with poor outcomes as well as neurological
deterioration were significantly higher than those with good outcomes (P < 0.001) and without
neurological deterioration (P = 0.014). Patients in the highest levels of plasma RIP3 quartile were
more likely to have neurological deterioration (OR, 11.07; 95% CI, 1.990-61.582) and poor outcomes
(OR, 35.970; 95% CI, 5.392-239.980) compared with the lowest. The optimal cut-off value
for neurological deterioration was 1127.75 pg/mL (specificity, 66.7%; sensitivity, 69.2%) and that
for poor prognosis was 1181.82 pg/mL (specificity, 89.7%; sensitivity, 62.1%).

Conclusion:
Elevated levels of plasma RIP3 were significantly associated with neurological deterioration
and poor prognosis in patients with LAA. A significant increase in plasma RIP3 levels can
predict neurological deterioration and the poor prognosis of these patients.
Aptamer-based Emerging Tools for Viral Biomarker Detection: A Focus
on SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kulabhusan Prabir Kumar , Pishva Parsa , Çapkın Eda , Tambe Prajakta , Yüce Meral 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Viral infections can cause fatal illnesses to humans as well as animals. Early
detection of viruses is therefore crucial to provide effective treatment to patients. Recently,
the Covid-19 pandemic has undoubtedly given an alarming call to develop rapid and
sensitive detection platforms. The viral diagnostic tools need to be fast, affordable, and
easy to operate with high sensitivity and specificity equivalent or superior to the currently
used diagnostic methods. The present detection methods include direct detection of viral
antigens or measuring the response of antibodies to viral infections. However, the sensitivity
and quantification of the virus are still a significant challenge. Detection tools employing
synthetic binding molecules like aptamers may provide several advantages over
the conventional methods that use antibodies in the assay format. Aptamers are highly stable
and tailorable molecules and are therefore ideal for detection and chemical sensing applications.
This review article discusses various advances made in aptamer-based viral detection
platforms, including electrochemical, optical, and colorimetric methods to detect
viruses, specifically SARS-Cov-2. Considering the several advantages, aptamers could
be game-changing in designing high-throughput biosensors for viruses and other biomedical
applications in the future.
Styrylquinolines Derivatives: SAR Study and Synthetic Approaches
Authors: Saini Monika , Das Rina , Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Chauhan Samrat 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
In the present-day scenario, heterocyclic derivatives have revealed the primary function of
various medicinal agents precious for humanity. Out of a diverse range of heterocycles, Styrylquinolines
scaffolds have been proved to play an essential role in a broad range of biological activities,
including anti-HIV-1, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer activity with antiproliferative
effects on tumor cell lines.
Due to the immense pharmacological importance, distinct synthetic methods have been executed to
attain new drug entities from Styrylquinolines. Various schemes for synthesizing Styrylquinolines
derivatives like one-pot, ultrasound-promoted heterogeneous acid-catalysed, microwave-assisted,
solvent-free, and green synthesis were discussed in the present review. Some products of Styrylquinolines
are in clinical trials, and patents are also granted for the novel synthesis of Styrylquinolines.
According to the structure-activity relationship, replacement at the R-7 and R-8 positions is required
for various activities.
In this review, recent synthetic approaches in the medicinal chemistry of Styrylquinolines and potent
Styrylquinolines derivatives based on structural activity relationships (SAR) are outlined. Moreover,
their primary methods and modifications are also discussed.
Smartphone Alcohol Use Disorder Recovery Apps: Cross-sectional Survey of Behavioral Intention to Use
Authors: Menon Rijuta , Meyer Julien , Nippak Pria , Begum Housne 
Published: February 2022

Background
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) carries a huge health and economic cost to society. Effective interventions exist but numerous challenges limit their adoption, especially in a pandemic context. AUD recovery apps (AUDRA) have emerged as a potential complement to in-person interventions. They are easy to access and show promising results in terms of efficacy. However, they rely on individual adoption decisions and remain underused.

Objective
The aim of this survey study is to explore the beliefs that determine the intention to use AUDRA.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of people with AUD. We used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, which predicts use and behavioral intention to use based on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. Participants were recruited directly from 2 sources; first, respondents at addiction treatment facilities in Ontario, Canada, were contacted in person, and they filled a paper form; second, members from AUD recovery support groups on social media were contacted and invited to fill an internet-based survey. The survey was conducted between October 2019 and June 2020.

Results
The final sample comprised 159 participants (124 involved in the web-based survey and 35 in the paper-based survey) self-identifying somewhat or very much with AUD. Most participants (n=136, 85.5%) were aware of AUDRA and those participants scored higher on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence. Overall, the model explains 35.4% of the variance in the behavioral intention to use AUDRA and 11.1% of the variance in use. Social influence (P=.31), especially for women (P=.23), and effort expectancy (P=.25) were key antecedents of behavioral intention. Facilitating conditions were not significant overall but were moderated by age (P=.23), suggesting that it matters for older participants. Performance expectancy did not predict behavioral intention, which is unlike many other technologies but confirms other findings associated with mobile health (mHealth). Open-ended questions suggest that privacy concerns may significantly influence the use of AUDRA.

Conclusions
This study suggests that unlike many other technologies, the adoption of AUDRA is not mainly determined by utilitarian factors such as performance expectancy. Rather, effort expectancy and social influence play a key role in determining the intention to use AUDRA.
Evaluation of the role of serum uric acid in patients with multiple sclerosis; An Observational case-control study
Authors: Sheaheed Nawfal Madhi , Halomi Ammar M. , Almahdawi Akram M. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the role of uric acid in patients with MS as an investigational marker in true relapse events.
Methods: 108 patients with relapsing-remitting and Secondary progressive MS, compared to case-control of about 120 patients (manifested other neurological diseases OND) who were included in this study which was conducted from March 2008 to July 2009 at Baghdad Teaching Hospital multiple sclerosis clinic. A study protocol sheet was done and filled from the patient's database in the MS clinic.
Results: In the overall MS group, serum UA levels were lower than in controls, the difference did reach statistical significance (P=0.01). Serum UA was found to be lower in patients during relapse than when they are in remission. The mean serum UA level from patients after one month of follow up shows an inverse correlation with MS type, age, and EDSS score, and positive correlation with gender and clinical activity, but none of these correlations reach statistical significance.
Conclusions: The question whether reduced serum UA level in MS is a primary deficit or an epiphenomenon remains open. Despite the fact that UA level was lower in clinically-documented active patients, a general mean UA decrease is evident also in clinically and MRI inactive MS patients as compared to OND.
Examining consumer behavior using social media instagram in marketing 4.0 era based on customer path 5a
Authors: Dewi Ni Putu Ayu Cintya , Suardana Ida Bagus Raka 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the consumer behavior of Instagram users in Marketing 4.0 based on Customer Path 5A. Data collection techniques used observation and in- depth interview , with health protocols implemantation in New Normal. Stages in data analysis include data reduction (data reduction), presenting data (data display) and drawing conclusions and verification (conclusion drawing / verification). Based on the results of research conducted on four NSB Beauty Studio customers who use social media Instagram, the conclusion of consumer purchasing decisions for NSB Beauty Studio service have basically through all stages of Customer Path 5A, starting from problem recognition to post-purchase behavior about Aware, Appeal, Ask, Act, and Advocate. All informants also said that Instagram helped them get to aware and make purchases of the NSB Beauty Studio brand.
Identifying hotel management study program most enhance attributes for international tourism and business institute using conjoint analysis in pandemic era of covid 19
Authors: Wiyasha Ida Bagus Made 
Published: February 2022

Identifying the important attributes of a product or service are crucial activities for marketing purposes. The objectives of this research are two folds. First, to identify the important attributes of Hotel Management study Program ( hereafter MPH) offered to students in the pandemic era of COVID 19. Second, based on these research findings the Manajement of International Tourism and Business Institute (hereafter ITBI) has a basis to strengthen these attributes for marketing purposes of MPH study program. To achieve those objectives primary data would be colleted with students of MPH study program semester 1 and 7 as respondents. Prior to distributing questionnaires to students a discussion with the Management of ITBI conducted in an effort to identify important attributes of MPH study program. To achieve the most enhance attributes of MPH study program conjoint analysis would be applied. This study found that overseas on the job training was the most preferred attribute of MPH study program followed by practical facilities quality.
Efektifitas Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Smartphone Untuk Mengembangkan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Peserta Didik
Authors: Talakua Calvin , Maitimu Centhya Victorin 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of using smartphone-based learning media on ecosystem materials in developing students' environmental care attitudes. The population of this study were students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Seram Utara Barat even semester 2019/2020 academic year. The number of students was 24 people. This research includes pre-experimental research using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Learning using smartphone-based media is carried out four times face to face and one time giving the final test (posttest). The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire for students' environmental care attitudes. The results showed that the effectiveness of the use of smartphone learning media on ecosystem material from the average value of the questionnaire for environmental care attitudes of students reached 80 in the cultural category. The N-gain calculation is 0.60 in the medium category. The Paired Sample T-test resulted in a significance level of 0.00 <0.05 (effective). This shows that between the pre-test before using smartphone learning media on ecosystem material and the post-test after using smartphone learning media experiences a significant difference. Based on the results of several tests it is concluded that smartphone learning media on ecosystem material is effective in developing environmental care attitudes of SMA Negeri 1 students. North West Seram.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan keefektifan dari penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone pada materi ekosistem dalam mengembangkan sikap peduli lingkungan siswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Seram Utara Barat tahun ajaran 2019/2020 semester genap. Jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 24 orang. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pra-eksperimental menggunakan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Pembelajaran menggunakan media berbasis smartphone dilaksanakan empat kali tatap muka dan satu kali pemberian tes akhir (posttest). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket sikap peduli lingkungan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keefektifan penggunaan media pembelajaran smartphone pada materi ekosistem dari nilai rata – rata angket sikap peduli lingkungan peserta didik mencapai 80 dengan kategori membudaya. Perhitungan N-gain adalah 0,60 dengan kategori sedang. Uji Paired Sample T-test memperoleh hasil tingkat signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05 (efektif). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa antara pre-test sebelum menggunakan media pembelajaran smartphone pada materi ekosistem dan post-test setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran smartphone mengalami perbedaan yang signifikan Berdasarkan hasil beberapa uji disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran smartphonepada materi eksosistem efektif dalam mengembangkan sikap peduli lingkungan siswa SMA Negeri 1 Seram Utara Barat.
Ushul Nahwi During Covid-19: How to Teach the Students of University? l Ushul al-Nahwi Khilala ‘Ashri Covid-19: Kaifa Tu’allimu Talabah al-Jami’ah?
Authors: Akmalia Frida , Abdurrahman Maman , Sopian Asep 
Published: February 2022

In Arabic learning, the majority of university in Indonesia would ignore the study of Ushul Nahwi and emphasize on Arabic language skills development. This study presented the results and analysis about the implementation of Ushul Nahwi learning during Covid-19 outbreak in Arabic Education Study Program at one of the well-known universities in Indonesia. The research data was obtained from observation, interview and documentation. Observations was made directly and interview was conducted by interviewing 20 student teachers majoring Arabic education and 2 Ushul Nahwi lecturers in one of the universities in Bandung. In addition, documentation was done by collecting Ushul Nahwi learning plans and some photos during Ushul Nahwi learning. The results have shown that: 1) The components of Ushul Nahwi lesson plan for university consist of learning objectives, description for studying the origins of grammar, description of the subject, references or bibliography, and evaluation. 2) Implementation of Ushul Nahwi for Arabic Education Study Program is by using Zoom Meetings, Google Classroom, and Whatsapp. In Ushul Nahwi learning, five learning steps are applied at the 2nd to 12th meetings. 3) The strengths and weaknesses of Ushul Nahwi implementation in Covid-19 outbreak. The learning system has the advantage of facilitating students in the learning process. Thus, the weakness was caused by various problem during the process of learning and after the activity. These results are hopefuly useful as an illustration of the virtual Ushul Nahwi learning process and become a reference for the next researchers.
STUDI TENTANG FAKTOR PENDORONG BUSINESS PERFORMANCE PADA UMKM DI INDUSTRI KREATIF
Authors: Setiyaningrum Ari , Ramawati Yussi 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to test an empirical model to prove whether market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation affect business performance directly or indirectly through the mediating role of marketing capability. The research model was tested in the context of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the creative economy industry. Primary data was collected through a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 295 MSME actors in the creative economy industry in North Kalimantan. Sampling method using purposive sampling with the criteria that respondents have been running their business for at least one year. The research data were then analyzed using PLS-SEM with smart PLS. The results of empirical model testing confirm that market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation have a direct effect on business performance and indirectly on business performance through the mediating role of marketing capability. Market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation were also found to have a positive effect on marketing capability. In the context of SMEs in the creative economy industry, market orientation was found to have a stronger influence on business performance than entrepreneurial orientation, while entrepreneurial orientation was found to have a stronger influence on marketing capability than market orientation. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menguji sebuah model empiris untuk membuktikan apakah market orientation dan entrepreneurial orientation berpengaruh terhadap business performance secara langsung atau tidak langsung melalui peran mediasi marketing capability. Model penelitian diujikan pada konteks Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) yang bergerak di industri kreatif. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui metode survei dengan pendistribusian kuesioner pada 295 pelaku UMKM di industri kreatif di Kalimantan Utara. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria responden telah menjalankan usahanya selama minimal satu tahun. Data penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan PLS-SEM dengan SmartPLS. Hasil pengujian model empiris mengkonfirmasi bahwa market orientation dan entrepreneurial orientation terbukti berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap business performance dan berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap business performance melalui peran mediasi marketing capability. Market orientation dan entrepreneurial orientation juga ditemukan berpengaruh positif terhadap marketing capability. Pada konteks UMKM di industri kreatif, market orientation ditemukan memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kuat terhadap business performance dibandingkan entrepreneurial orientation, sedangkan entrepreneurial orientation ditemukan memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kuat terhadap marketing capability dibandingkan dengan market orientation.
Phase Transitions Among of Valsartan Polymorphs due to Grinding and Humidity Variations
Authors: Wardhana Yoga Windhu , Riskasari Risanteni , Alatas Fikri 
Published: February 2022

Phase transition between drugs with polymorphisms needs attention due to unconscious changes in quality. Valsartan (VAL) is a drug model with polymorphic events to be studied here. Two polymorphic forms were obtained from recrystallization with various organic solvents such as acetonitrile and n-butyl acetate. With untreated materials (from the market) were used as a comparison in this study. The phase transition of each polymorph was studied through grinding and humidity variations (RH 75% and 98%) treatment. The polymorph characterization was observed by microscope light polarization (PLM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Powdered X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD). The transition among polymorphic VAL was monitored by PXRD. There were significant differences in morphology, IR spectra, and diffractograms pattern. Found that the untreated VAL was amorphous, whereas the others were in high crystallinity. The polymorph form from n-butyl acetate was a metastable one that transformed easier into stable crystalline (from acetonitrile) than another polymorph.Keywords : Valsartan, Phase transition, Polymorphism, Recrystallization