bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm
Authors: Kang Yang , Wu Rui , Wu Sen , Li Peizheng , Li Qingpei , Cao Kun , Tan Tingting , Li Yingrui , Zha Gangqiang 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: In fan beam X-ray imaging applications, several X-ray images sometimes need to be stitched together into a panoramic image because of the size limitations of the detector. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to propose a novel multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm (MVS) based on the CdZnTe photon counting linear array detectors to solve the problem of fan beam X-ray stitching deformation. METHODS: The panoramic image is generated in four steps including (1) multi-view projection data acquisition, (2) overlapping positioning, (3) weighted fusion and (4) projected pixel value calculation. Images of a globe and foot are scanned by fan beam X-rays and a CdZnTe detector. The proposed method is applied to stitch together the scanned images of the globe. Three other methods are also used for comparison. Finally, this MVS algorithm is also used in the stitching of scanned images of the foot. RESULTS: Compared with the 50% stitching accuracy of other methods, the new MVS algorithm reached a stitching accuracy of 94.4%. Image distortion on the globe and feet is also eliminated and thus image quality is significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS: This study proposes a new multi-view X-ray digital imaging stitching algorithm. Study results demonstrate the superiority of this new algorithm and its feasibility in practical applications.
Pattern of Tobacco Use Among the Students of Selected Public and Private Universities
Authors: Hira Hasina Momotaj , Chowdhury Md Wahid 
Published: November 2022

Background: The objective of the study performed were to compare the pattern of tobacco use among the students of selected public and private universities. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 250 students of Dhaka University and East West University who were selected by convenient non probability sampling technique by face-to-face interview using a written questionnaire which was pre-tested on small number of students of NIPSOM. During the study period (January to June 2011) data concerning socio-demographic differentials with distribution, duration and pattern of smoking, per day frequency, smoking-initiation, daily expenditure for smoking and relation of type of university to tobacco use. Results: 61.2% was male and 38.8% was female and their age ranged between 18 to 29 years. 31.6% was habituated to tobacco use. 38.4% and 24.8% were habituated of smoking in public and private university respectively. Pattern of smoking showed that 59.5% had used filter tipped cigarette and 32.91% had used plain cigarette among the smokers. The mean smoking duration was 2.2 years, per day mean frequency was 8.58 times, mean daily expenditure for smoking was Tk. 49.70 and 56.96% initiated their smoking by friends. Conclusion: There was restriction of tobacco use in private university campus, but in public university, there was no restriction. Restriction of tobacco use in campus and an effective awareness program is required to discourage the use of tobacco.
JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (1) : 16-20
EKSPLORASI KONSEP MATEMATIKA PADA BANGUNAN MENARA SIGER LAMPUNG
Authors: Merliza Pika 
Published: November 2022

Etnomatematika adalah suatu upaya untuk menemukan konsep matematika yang terintegrasi pada suatu budaya. Pengkaitan matematika dan nilai budaya dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar matematika yang lebih bermakna bagi peserta didik. Unsur-unsur budaya tersebut dapat berupa kain tradisional, makanan tradisional, tradisi dan budaya setempat, bangunan-bangunan bernilai budaya dan sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi unsur matematika pada bangunan di Provinsi Lampung, yakni Menara Siger Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini diantaranya pengamatan langsung, wawancara, serta studi literatur. Teknik analisis data menggunakan skema interaktif Miles and Huberman, terdiri dari tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bangunan menara siger lampung yang menjadi ikon bagi masyarakat Lampung mengandung unsur-unsur matematika sekolah, diantaranya bilangan, bangun datar, bangun ruang, serta simetri lipat.
Sistem Distribusi Data Kontrol Pada Differential Drive Mobile Robot Menggunakan Robot Operating System
Authors: Al Azhar Gillang , Winarno Totok , Izza Syarifatul 
Published: November 2022

Pada umumnya mikrokontroler untuk menggerakkan sistem robot hanya menggunakan satu buah saja. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan berlebihnya beban yang diterima oleh mikrokontroler. Kelebihan beban pada mikrokontroler mengakibatkan tidak akuratnya waktu sampling yang digunakan pada sistem robot tersebut dan dapat berujung pada error atau hank pada robot. Untuk mengurangi terjadinya error, maka diujicobakan sistem multikontroler pada robot Differential Drive(DDMR). Sistem distribusi data antar kontroler memanfaatkan protokol komunikasi serial I2C, dan komunikasi antara kontroler dengan mini komputer menggunakan protokol rosserial yang disediakan oleh Robot Operating System (ROS). Hasil yang didapatkan untuk melakukan distribusi data dengan serial I2C membutuhkan waktu sebesar 1.4 ms, sedangkan untuk melakukan komunikasi ketiga slave dibutuhkan waktu sebesar 4.18 ms, dengan waktu untuk saling berkomunikasi antara master dan slave didapatkan sebesar 8.36 ms. Untuk distribusi dengan rosserial dibutuhkan sebesar 4.7 ms. Sehingga total waktu untuk distribusi data sebesar 13.06 ms. Pengujian juga dilakukan ketika robot menjalankan algoritma lain yang dibutuhkan, dan menghasilkan rata - rata waktu sampling sebesar 63.5 ms. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem multi kontroler dengan distribusi data menggunakan Serial I2C dan rosserial dapat berjalan secara optimal, karena waktu sampling yang dibutuhkan masih lebih cepat dari 80 ms.
Features of etiopathogenetic factors and course of stroke after coronavirus infection
Authors: Komissarova N. V. , Akbaeva K. A. , Neklyudova A. A. , Sokovnin I. A. , Shuravina D. O. 
Published: November 2022

Disorder of coronary circulation is one of the most severe complications of COVID‑19. Strokes that develop against the background of coronavirus infection are more often associated with occlusion of large vessels and have a more severe course. The frequency of strokes associated with COVID‑19, according to different authors, ranges from 1 to 6 %.Objective. To analyze the etiopathogenetic factors, the course of stroke after a coronavirus infection, and to analyze the possible relationship between the severity of COVID‑19 and the severity of stroke.Materials and methods. Observation of 110 patients of the neurological department of the First Republican Clinical Hospital of Udmurtia for the period from 2020 to 2021 with confirmed ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke associated with COVID‑19. Statistical data processing was carried out in Microsoft Excel 2013, MedCalc.Results. Hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiac arrhythmia predominated in the structure of comorbidities in the examined patients. In 88.0 % of cases, ischemic stroke was observed in patients after infection, mainly the lesion concerned the carotid basin (55.5 %). Patients more often had focal neurological symptoms, among which hemiparesis and hemiplegia prevailed. Features of the results of laboratory diagnostics is the presence of coagulopathy, renal and hepatic insufficiency: increased levels of fibrinogen, D-dimers, creatinine, urea, proteinuria. According to neuroimaging data, in 54.5 % of cases, the stroke focus was more than 15 mm; duplex scanning of vessels in 95.0 % of cases revealed signs of atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, carotid arteries in 54.5 % of cases. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the severity of COVID‑19 and the clinical manifestations of stroke. Most of the strokes occurred in the subjects within 1–6 months (40.9 %) after suffering COVID‑19.Conclusion. In the development of stroke after suffering COVID‑19, coagulopathy, renal liver failure, cardiovascular comorbidities, especially hypertension, and atherosclerosis play a significant role. Stroke severity is correlated with the severity of COVID‑19.
Original method of local stimulation for lumbosacral dorsopathies
Authors: Agasarov L. G. 
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of the original technology, combining the blockade in accordance with Vishnevsky method and pharmacopuncture with the drug Alflutop.Materials and methods. 90 patients under 65 years of age with exacerbation of lumbosacral dorsopathy, who signed informed consent form were inсluded in observation. Along with clinical characteristics, the results of psychological tests, thermography and zonal rheovasography were evaluated. Patients were divided into 3 groups in which standard treatment was performed. In the 1st control group, they were limited to it, and in others, local stimulation was additionally performed. Methodically, up to 20 loci in the lumbar zone and 6–8 reflexology points in the lower extremities were selected. At the same time, the anesthetic Lidocaine was injected into the points of the lumbar zone, and the drug Alflutop (2nd group) or physiological solution (3rd) was injected into the distal points. The course of stimulation included 10 procedures performed every other day.Outcomes. Both variants of local stimulation significantly exceeded the effectiveness of basic therapy. However, despite the comparability of the rate of pain symptomatics reduction in these groups, the final level of pain was significantly lower in the case of Alflutop. These data were consistent with a clear tendency to normalize the mental and vascular background in patients of the 2nd group. This phenomenon can be explained by the points of application of medicines: rapid anesthesia due to blockade by anesthetic and the maximum effectiveness provided by pharmacopuncture.
Calpain-mediated proteolysis of vimentin filaments is augmented in giant axonal neuropathy fibroblasts exposed to hypotonic stress
Authors: Phillips Cassandra L. , Fu Dong , Herring Laura E. , Armao Diane , Snider Natasha T. 
Published: November 2022

Giant Axonal Neuropathy (GAN) is a pediatric neurodegenerative disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor gigaxonin, which is encoded by the KLHL16 gene. Gigaxonin regulates the degradation of multiple intermediate filament (IF) proteins, including neurofilaments, GFAP, and vimentin, which aggregate in GAN patient cells. Understanding how IFs and their aggregates are processed under stress can reveal new GAN disease mechanisms and potential targets for therapy. Here we tested the hypothesis that hypotonic stress-induced vimentin proteolysis is impaired in GAN. In both GAN and control fibroblasts exposed to hypotonic stress, we observed time-dependent vimentin cleavage that resulted in two prominent ∼40–45 kDa fragments. However, vimentin proteolysis occurred more rapidly and extensively in GAN cells compared to unaffected controls as both fragments were generated earlier and at 4-6-fold higher levels. To test enzymatic involvement, we determined the expression levels and localization of the calcium-sensitive calpain proteases-1 and -2 and their endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. While the latter was not affected, the expression of both calpains was 2-fold higher in GAN cells compared to control cells. Moreover, pharmacologic inhibition of calpains with MDL-28170 or MG-132 attenuated vimentin cleavage. Imaging analysis revealed striking colocalization between large perinuclear vimentin aggregates and calpain-2 in GAN fibroblasts. This colocalization was dramatically altered by hypotonic stress, where selective breakdown of filaments over aggregates occurred rapidly in GAN cells and coincided with calpain-2 cytoplasmic redistribution. Finally, mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed that phosphorylation at Ser-412, located at the junction between the central “rod” domain and C-terminal “tail” domain on vimentin, is involved in this stress response. Over-expression studies using phospho-deficient and phospho-mimic mutants revealed that Ser-412 is important for filament organization, solubility dynamics, and vimentin cleavage upon hypotonic stress exposure. Collectively, our work reveals that osmotic stress induces calpain- and proteasome-mediated vimentin degradation and IF network breakdown. These effects are significantly augmented in the presence of disease-causing KLHL16 mutations that alter intermediate filament organization. While the specific roles of calpain-generated vimentin IF fragments in GAN cells remain to be defined, this proteolytic pathway is translationally-relevant to GAN because maintaining osmotic homeostasis is critical for nervous system function.
Effect of temperature in the degradation of cannabinoids: From a brief residence in the gas chromatography inlet port to a longer period in thermal treatments
Authors: García-Valverde María Teresa , Sánchez-Carnerero Callado Carolina , Díaz-Liñán Maríadel Carmen , Sánchez de Medina Verónica , Hidalgo-García Jesús , Nadal Xavier , Hanuš Lumír , Ferreiro-Vera Carlos 
Published: November 2022

The substantial increase in legalization and subsequent regulation of cannabis has intensified the control and analytical monitoring of cannabis products to assure sample quality and control the cannabinoid content of the crop. In this sense, the restriction on cultivating legal cannabis plants has been limited to 0.2–0.3% of Δ9-THC content, depending on the host country’s laws. Thereby, cannabis flowers containing more than this limit are considered illicit drug-type cultivations and require the obtention of specific permits to work with them. The official method established by the European Commission set the gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC-FID) as the proper instrument to analyze the delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) content. In the present work, the potential drawbacks associated with the utilization of the official method for the evaluation of the Δ9-THC content have been described. Thus, the effect of the GC injector port temperature in the degradation of cannabinoids was evaluated, observing the degradation of CBD by 20%, generating Δ9-THC and CBN as by-products. Likewise, 17.2% of Δ9-THC was degraded, producing CBN as a by-product. Therefore, despite the brief residence of cannabinoids in the GC inlet, the effect of temperature is noteworthy and must be considered. Derivatization of cannabinoids should be a mandatory step to prevent the thermal degradation of cannabinoids, assuring the accuracy of the results. Furthermore, the evaluation of cannabinoid degradation thermally treated for longer periods of time was carried out. The kinetic degradation of CBD was evaluated in this way, observing a degradation of 0.22 μg/L per second. At the same time, the kinetics of the appearance of Δ9-THC demonstrates the intermediate nature of this cannabinoid, being degraded at 0.03 s−1 μM−1. The degradation of CBD also produced CBN and CBE as by-products.
Relations of postural change in blood pressure with hypertension-mediated organ damage in middle-aged adults of the Framingham heart study: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Cooper Leroy L. , Rong Jian , Maillard Pauline , Beiser Alexa , Hamburg Naomi M. , Larson Martin G. , DeCarli Charles , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Seshadri Sudha , Mitchell Gary F. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDysregulation of compensatory mechanisms to regulate blood pressure (BP) upon postural change is a phenotype of BP variability and an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes.Materials and methodsWe assessed postural change in BP (starting 2 min after standing from a supine position), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and markers of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in the heart, kidney, and brain in Framingham Third Generation, Omni-2, and New Offspring Spouse Cohort participants. We related vascular measures (postural change in BP measures and cfPWV) with HMOD in 3,495 participants (mean age 47 years, 53% women) using multivariable logistic and linear regression models.ResultsIn multivariable-adjusted models, we did not observe significant associations of vascular measures with presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, albuminuria, covert brain infarcts, or white matter hyperintensities (Bonferroni-adjusted P-values &gt; 0.05/20 &gt; 0.0025). In multivariable models, greater cfPWV (est. β = 0.11 ± 0.03; P &lt; 0.001), but not postural change in BP measures (Bonferroni-adjusted P-values &gt; 0.05/20 &gt; 0.0025), was associated with higher white matter free water using brain magnetic resonance imaging. In multivariable models, greater postural change in pulse pressure was associated with higher urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (est. β = 0.07 ± 0.02; P &lt; 0.001). No other postural change in BP measure was associated with urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (Bonferroni-adjusted P-values &gt; 0.05/20 &gt; 0.0025). In sex-specific analyses, higher cfPWV was associated with higher urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in men (est. β: 0.11 ± 0.04; P = 0.002) but not in women (est. β: 0.03 ± 0.03; P = 0.44). We also observed marginal to strong effect modification by above vs. at/below median postural change in BP for the association of cfPWV with urinary albumin−creatinine ratio (Bonferroni-adjusted interaction P &lt; 0.001–0.01). Vascular measures were not related to left ventricular mass index or fractional anisotropy (Bonferroni-adjusted P-values &gt; 0.05/20 &gt; 0.0025).ConclusionBaroreflex dysfunction is associated with greater subclinical kidney damage. Additionally, relations of higher aortic stiffness with greater kidney damage may be modified by associated baroreflex dysregulation.
Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in congenital heart disease: A single-center experience in Indonesia
Authors: Siagian Sisca Natalia , Oetama Susandy , Pohan Fathy Zuandi , Mendel Brian , Lelya Olfi , Sakti Damba Dwisepto Aulia , Kurniawati Yovi 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) patients are thought to be vulnerable to COVID-19 complications. In this study, we would like to assess the outcomes and clinical characteristics in COVID-19 CHD patients.MethodA single-center, observational study was conducted in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK). This study included patients with CHD who were hospitalized for COVID-19. The extracted data were baseline characteristics, clinical findings, supportive examination findings, complications, outcomes, and length of stay of the patients. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.ResultTwenty-six patients with CHD and COVID-19 infection were included in our study. There were 24 resolved cases and 2 deaths, four patients experienced complications such as renal insufficiency (1), sepsis (2), and multiorgan failure (1). The median length of stay was 13 days. The most common symptoms experienced by the patients were breathlessness (65.4%), cough (57.7%), and fever (42.3%).ConclusionWe observed a relatively mild COVID-19 clinical course despite prior research showing that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, such as CHD, have a higher case-fatality rate. This could be because of the smaller sample size, non-standardized diagnosis, severity, treatment, and age group.
Wave separation analysis-derived indexes obtained from radial and carotid tonometry in healthy pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hypertension: Comparison with pulse wave analysis-derived indexes
Authors: Pereira María M. , Torrado Juan , Bock Joshua , Sosa Claudio , Diaz Alejandro , Bia Daniel , Zócalo Yanina 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIncreased wave reflections assessed by pulse wave analysis (PWA) was proposed as one of the potential culprits of hypertension seen in women with pregnancy-associated hypertension (PAH). However, this statement has never been confirmed with “Wave Separation Analysis” (WSA), a more sophisticated mathematical approach that analyzes the amplitude and interaction between forward and backward aortic pressure waveform components.ObjectiveTo characterize potential changes in pressure wave components of PAH compared to healthy non-pregnant (NP) women and women with normal pregnancies (HP) by using WSA and compared these findings with PWA-derived indexes; secondarily, to evaluate differences in WSA-derived indexes between subgroups of PAH (i.e., preeclampsia [PE] and gestational hypertension [GH]).MethodsUsing radial and carotid applanation tonometry, we quantified in HP (n = 10), PAH (n = 16), and NP (n = 401): (i) PWA-derived indexes; (ii) WSA-derived indexes: forward (Pf) and backward (Pb) waveform components, backward component arrival time (PbAT), reflection magnitude (RM = Pb/Pf) and index [RIx = Pb/(Pf + Pb)].ResultsWhile PAH was associated with a higher Pf compared to HP and NP, Pb and PbAT were similar between the groups. Both GH and PE showed a higher Pf compared to HP, but only PE had a trend of presenting with higher Pb and lower PbAT compared to the other groups. Finally, PAH showed a trend of having lower RM and RIx compared to NP and HP, with no differences between GH and PE.ConclusionPAH was associated with higher Pf, but not higher Pb, compared to NP and HP, although PE also demonstrated a trend of higher Pb.
The importance of calcium and amorphous silica for arctic soil CO2 production
Authors: Stimmler Peter , Göckede Mathias , Natali Susan M. , Sonnentag Oliver , Gilfedder Benjamin S. , Perron Nia , Schaller Jörg 
Published: November 2022

Future warming of the Arctic not only threatens to destabilize the enormous pool of organic carbon accumulated in permafrost soils but may also mobilize elements such as calcium (Ca) or silicon (Si). While for Greenlandic soils, it was recently shown that both elements may have a strong effect on carbon dioxide (CO2) production with Ca strongly decreasing and Si increasing CO2 production, little is known about the effects of Si and Ca on carbon cycle processes in soils from Siberia, the Canadian Shield, or Alaska. In this study, we incubated five different soils (rich organic soil from the Canadian Shield and from Siberia (one from the top and one from the deeper soil layer) and one acidic and one non-acidic soil from Alaska) for 6 months under both drained and waterlogged conditions and at different Ca and amorphous Si (ASi) concentrations. Our results show a strong decrease in soil CO2 production for all soils under both drained and waterlogged conditions with increasing Ca concentrations. The ASi effect was not clear across the different soils used, with soil CO2 production increasing, decreasing, or not being significantly affected depending on the soil type and if the soils were initially drained or waterlogged. We found no methane production in any of the soils regardless of treatment. Taking into account the predicted change in Si and Ca availability under a future warmer Arctic climate, the associated fertilization effects would imply potentially lower greenhouse gas production from Siberia and slightly increased greenhouse gas emissions from the Canadian Shield. Including Ca as a controlling factor for Arctic soil CO2 production rates may, therefore, reduces uncertainties in modeling future scenarios on how Arctic regions may respond to climate change.