bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nexus between standalone risk committees and tax aggressiveness: evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Aronmwan Edosa Joshua , Ogbaisi Sebastine Abhus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEffective management of risk especially tax risk is arguably hinged on a framework of corporate governance that ensures amongst others that the board of directors is effective and efficient in delegating some of its roles and duties to well-structured committees, without relinquishing its responsibilities. Based on this assertion, this paper inquires into the link between constituting a standalone risk management committee and tax aggressiveness in nonfinancial listed companies in Nigeria. A combination of ex post facto research design and quantitative approach was employed while data were sourced from the financials of eighty (80) firms for twelve (12) years (2008–2019). The censored Tobit estimator was used to evaluate the model for the study, and the finding agrees with the expectation of the agency theory that the presence of a standalone risk committee mitigates tax aggressive practice in Nigeria. The finding has several contributions: first, it extends the literature on the link between corporate governance and organisational behaviour with emphasis on tax aggressiveness. Second, it provides evidence on how the establishment of a risk management committee impacts aggressive tax behaviour, thus, supporting the position of the Nigerian Code of Corporate Governance 2018 on the establishment of risk committees. Flowing from this finding, the study recommends strict regulatory compliance by those charged with governance (internal and external) with the requirements for a risk committee as this will improve governance and reduce the risk emanating from tax aggressiveness.
Sleep Fragmentation and Estradiol Suppression Decrease Fat Oxidation in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Grant Leilah K , Coborn Jamie E , Cohn Aviva , Nathan Margo D , Scheer Frank A J L , Klerman Elizabeth B , Kaiser Ursula B , Harder Jessica , Abramson Mathena , Elguenaoui Elkhansaa , Russell Julia A , Wiley Aleta , Rahman Shadab A , Joffe Hadine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContextBody fat gain associated with menopause has been attributed to estradiol (E2) withdrawal. Hypoestrogenism is unlikely to be the only contributing factor, however.ObjectiveGiven the links between sleep and metabolic health, we examined the effects of an experimental menopausal model of sleep fragmentation on energy metabolism.MethodsTwenty premenopausal women (age 21-45 years) underwent a 5-night inpatient study during the mid-to-late follicular phase (estrogenized; n = 20) and the same protocol was repeated in a subset of the participants (n = 9) following leuprolide-induced E2 suppression (hypo-estrogenized). During each 5-night study, there were 2 nights of unfragmented sleep followed by 3 nights of fragmented sleep. Indirect calorimetry was used to assess fasted resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation.ResultsSleep fragmentation in the estrogenized state increased the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and carbohydrate oxidation while decreasing fat oxidation (all P &lt; 0.01). Similarly, in the hypo-estrogenized state without sleep fragmentation, RER and carbohydrate oxidation increased and fat oxidation decreased (all P &lt; 0.01); addition of sleep fragmentation to the hypo-estrogenized state did not produce further effects beyond that observed for either intervention alone (P &lt; 0.05). There were no effects of either sleep fragmentation or E2 state on REE.ConclusionSleep fragmentation and hypoestrogenism each independently alter fasting substrate oxidation in a manner that may contribute to body fat gain. These findings are important for understanding mechanisms underlying propensity to body fat gain in women across the menopause transition.
Long-term Efficacy and Safety of Rifampin in the Treatment of a Patient Carrying a CYP24A1 Loss-of-Function Variant
Authors: Brancatella Alessandro , Cappellani Daniele , Kaufmann Martin , Semeraro Antonella , Borsari Simona , Sardella Chiara , Baldinotti Fulvia , Caligo Maria Adelaide , Jones Glenville , Marcocci Claudio , Cetani Filomena 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Pharmacological therapy may be useful in the treatment of moderate to severe hypercalcemia in patients with infantile hypercalcemia-1 (HCINF1) due to pathogenic variants in the cytochrome P450 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1). Rifampin is an antituberculosis drug that is a potent inducer of cytochrome P450 3 subfamily A member 4, which is involved in an alternative catabolic pathway of vitamin D. The efficacy of rifampin in improving hypercalcemia was previously reported, but many questions remain on the long-term efficacy and safety. The aim of the study is to test the long-term efficacy and safety of rifampin in a patient with HCINF1.

Methods
We report clinical, biochemical, and imaging features of a 23-year-old man affected by HCINF1 with moderate hypercalcemia (12.9 mg/dL), symptomatic nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and impaired kidney function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 60 mL/min/1.73 m2] treated with rifampin for an overall period of 24 months. Kidney, liver, and adrenal function were evaluated at every follow-up visit.

Results
In 2 months, rifampin induced a normalization of serum calcium (9.6 mg/dL) associated with an improvement of kidney function (eGFR 92 mL/min/1.73 m2) stable during the treatment. After 15 months, rifampin was temporally withdrawn because of asthenia, unrelated to impairment of adrenal function. After 3 months, the timing of drug administration was shifted from the morning to the evening, obtaining the remission of asthenia. At the end of follow-up, the nephrolithiasis disappeared and the nephrocalcinosis was stable.

Conclusions
Rifampin could represent an effective choice to induce a stable reduction of calcium levels in patients with HCINF1, with a good safety profile.
The Liver X Receptor Is Selectively Modulated to Differentially Alter Female Mammary Metastasis-associated Myeloid Cells
Authors: Ma Liqian , Vidana Gamage Hashni Epa , Tiwari Srishti , Han Chaeyeon , Henn Madeline A , Krawczynska Natalia , Dibaeinia Payam , Koelwyn Graeme J , Das Gupta Anasuya , Bautista Rivas Rafael Ovidio , Wright Chris L , Xu Fangxiu , Moore Kathryn J , Sinha Saurabh , Nelson Erik R 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis is associated with many diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are major upstream regulators of cholesterol homeostasis and are activated by endogenous cholesterol metabolites such as 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC). LXRs and various LXR ligands such as 27HC have been described to influence several extra-hepatic biological systems. However, disparate reports of LXR function have emerged, especially with respect to immunology and cancer biology. This would suggest that, similar to steroid nuclear receptors, the LXRs can be selectively modulated by different ligands. Here, we use RNA-sequencing of macrophages and single-cell RNA-sequencing of immune cells from metastasis-bearing murine lungs to provide evidence that LXR satisfies the 2 principles of selective nuclear receptor modulation: (1) different LXR ligands result in overlapping but distinct gene expression profiles within the same cell type, and (2) the same LXR ligands differentially regulate gene expression in a highly context-specific manner, depending on the cell or tissue type. The concept that the LXRs can be selectively modulated provides the foundation for developing precision pharmacology LXR ligands that are tailored to promote those activities that are desirable (proimmune), but at the same time minimizing harmful side effects (such as elevated triglyceride levels).
Validation and psychometric evaluation of the Polish version of the FCV-19S in children and adolescents
Authors: Kalenik Anna Maria , Górnik Justyna , Konowałek Łukasz , Szymańska Urszula 
Published: May 2022

Cel pracyPandemia COVID-19 mogła mieć wpływ na zdrowie psychiczne dzieci i młodzieży w Polsce. Sytuacja epidemiologiczna wciąż się zmienia i trudno przewidzieć jej dalszy przebieg. Wciąż trwają dyskusje na temat możliwych korzyści jak i konsekwencji powrotu dzieci do szkół. Z tego względu uzasadnione jest opracowanie polskiej wersji językowej prostego i łatwego w użyciu narzędzia diagnostycznego, które umożliwi szybką ocenę nasilenia lęku i umożliwi tym samym identyfikację dzieci, wymagających szczególnego wsparcia psychologicznego. Celem badania było opracowanie polskiej adaptacji niedawno opublikowanej skali „Fear of COVID-19 Scale” oraz zbadanie właściwości psychometryczne polskiej wersji wśród populacji dzieci i młodzieży.MetodaBadaniem objęto 167 uczestników w wieku od 10 do 17 lat. Zostało ono przeprowadzone w formie ankiety on-line w trzech grupach - wśród pacjentów z rozpoznaniem psychiatrycznym, uczniów oraz dzieci z domów dziecka.WynikiAnaliza zebranych danych wykazała, że polska wersja skali FCV-19S ma dobre właściwości psychometryczne. Konfirmacyjna analiza czynnikowa potwierdziła jednokierunkową strukturę skali. Rzetelność wyniku ogólnego okazała się zadowalająca (α Cronbacha = 0,831). Ponadto analizy porównawcze grup wykazały, że największy niepokój przed koronawirusem zgłaszały dzieci z domów dziecka.WnioskiNasze wyniki sugerują, że polska wersja skali FCV-19S jest trafnym i wiarygodnym narzędziem, które można wykorzystać do psychologicznej oceny nasilenia lęku przed COVID 19 wśród dzieci i młodzieży.
The ketogenic diet in the treatment of diabetes type 2
Authors: Raksa Karolina , Pawlina Mateusz , Ziętara Karolina , Lewkowicz Martyna , Nowakowska Katarzyna , Raczkiewicz Przemysław 
Published: May 2022

Despite advances in the medical world, obesity remains a major worldwide health hazard .The majority of chronic diseases like diabetes is largely related to obesity which is usually a product of an unhealthy lifestyle and poor dietary habits. The ketogenic diet has become an increasingly popular approach for both weight loss and as an alternative diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, this diet has a positive effect on body weight, blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma lipid profile. This review focuses on the therapeutic effectiveness of using LCKD for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Glucagon, cyclic AMP, and hepatic glucose mobilization: A half‐century of uncertainty
Authors: Rodgers Robert L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor at least 50 years, the prevailing view has been that the adenylate cyclase (AC)/cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A pathway is the predominant signal mediating the hepatic glucose‐mobilizing actions of glucagon. A wealth of evidence, however, supports the alternative, that the operative signal most of the time is the phospholipase C (PLC)/inositol‐phosphate (IP3)/calcium/calmodulin pathway. The evidence can be summarized as follows: (1) The consensus threshold glucagon concentration for activating AC ex vivo is 100 pM, but the statistical hepatic portal plasma glucagon concentration range, measured by RIA, is between 28 and 60 pM; (2) Within that physiological concentration range, glucagon stimulates the PLC/IP3 pathway and robustly increases glucose output without affecting the AC/cAMP pathway; (3) Activation of a latent, amplified AC/cAMP pathway at concentrations below 60 pM is very unlikely; and (4) Activation of the PLC/IP3 pathway at physiological concentrations produces intracellular effects that are similar to those produced by activation of the AC/cAMP pathway at concentrations above 100 pM, including elevated intracellular calcium and altered activities and expressions of key enzymes involved in glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen synthesis. Under metabolically stressful conditions, as in the early neonate or exercising adult, plasma glucagon concentrations often exceed 100 pM, recruiting the AC/cAMP pathway and enhancing the activation of PLC/IP3 pathway to boost glucose output, adaptively meeting the elevated systemic glucose demand. Whether the AC/cAMP pathway is consistently activated in starvation or diabetes is not clear. Because the importance of glucagon in the pathogenesis of diabetes is becoming increasingly evident, it is even more urgent now to resolve lingering uncertainties and definitively establish glucagon’s true mechanism of glycemia regulation in health and disease.
Against sexual harassment in workplace as seen in Bombshell movie (2019)
Authors: Abiet Wahyu Lucky , Prastiwi Yeny 
Published: May 2022

This article aims to empower woman to fight sexual harassment in workplace as seen in how characters of the film find out what steps were taken in the Bombshell movie (2019) in fighting sexual harassment by Roger Ailes, the CEO of FOX News that based on actual event that happened on 2006. To reach the aim of the study, the author uses qualitative method, and uses the liberal feminism theory of Tong (2009). The data sources were taken from the movie itself and several previous article that have been published between 2011 - 2021 which have been selected according to the topic discussed. The results of this research are, there are several ways shown by some of the characters from this film in fighting sexual harassment, in physical resistance, Gretchen shows it by the way she dares to report the lewd acts committed by Roger Ailes to the authorities. Meanwhile, the fight against verbal sexual harassment is shown by Megyn Kelly's character who firmly opposes the oppression of women which done by Trump, when he is present on her talk show, and the second is shown through Megyn Kelly's dexterity in motivating victims to get up and speak up about Roger Ailes' bad habits.
Scrutinising Eurocentric stereotypes against Afrocentric underpinnings of beauty through Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut
Authors: Montle Malesela Eddie 
Published: May 2022

This paper has probed into stereotypical attitudes towards Afrocentric underpinnings of beauty through Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut. The genesis of these stereotypes against African beauty could be traced from the colonisation of the African continent. It is the interface between Africa and the West that engendered a shift of identities, which resulted in many Afrocentric depictions assimilated d by Western influence. Despite the decolonisation attempts, the Eurocentric notions that had defined Africa during the colonial period persist in galvanising stereotypes that marginalise Africans, especially those that embrace Afrocentric ideas of beauty in the post-colonial age. Today, Africa is besieged with remnants of colonialism, which include Eurocentric ideals of beauty. This paper employed the qualitative method to scrutinise the stereotypes against Afrocentric beauty through the literary criticism of Matlwa’s novel, Coconut. It is undergirded by the theory of Afrocentricity, which has been utilised as a lens to crystalise the indigenous African identities and their relevance today. It finds that these Eurocentric notions have navigated through the peripheries of post-colonial Africa and influenced societal reactions, attitudes and perceptions of beauty. This is reflected in Matlwa’s Coconut where African beauty is stigmatised and disparaged whereas Eurocentric ideals of beauty are exalted.
Effect of synthesis method on the structural behavior of CaFeO2.5 compound
Authors: Rihia G. , Mahboub M.S. , Zeroual S. , Mimouni M. , Ben Ali O. , Boulahbel H. , Ghougali M. 
Published: May 2022

CaFeO2.5 samples were synthesized by solid solution, mirror furnace and Sol-gel methods. The effect of the synthesis method on the behavior structure was investigated. Phase structures are comparatively characterized and studied by means of X-ray powder diffraction. Experimental results have revealed that the synthesis method has a strong influence on the structure of the studied compounds. All samples obtained by the three methods are crystallized in the Pnma orthorhombic system. We obtained the best results in the case of the Sol-gel technique. In the Sol-gel method, the lattice parameters obtained are a=5.41631 Å, b= 14.73899 Å and c=5.58790 Å. Also, the value of the average crystallite size D=52.03 nm and the dislocation density δ=3.69x1010/cm². Since the values ​​of the lattice parameters in this method were the smallest of the three methods, which exhibiting a weak shrink of the volume compared to the solid solution and mirror furnace one. This shrinking is a natural result of the decrease in the value of the average crystallite size and the increase of dislocation density, with a reason for the inverse relationship between them. This allows us to conclude the importance of the Sol-gel method for obtaining CaFeO2.5 nanoscale compound.
Empirical Analysis of Motives for Intra-Group Lending in Russian Business Groups
Authors: Korotkova Yana 
Published: May 2022

This study examines the factors behind the companies’ financial roles on the internal capital markets of Russian business groups. The main goal is to determine the driving motives for intra-group lending in Russia. To find relevant answers, we use logit- and ordered logit-models based on 2018–2020 panel data for 239 Russian joint stock companies representing 21 business groups. Considering the findings of prior studies on debt financing in business groups, we analyze the influence of company size and age, asset tangibility and profitability, leverage, liquidity, sales growth, and the cash-flow rights of controlling shareholders on the probability of a company being a provider (receiver) of intra-group loans.
The novelty of our findings is ensured by the use of data from the State Information Resource of Financial Accounts that were made publicly available in 2020, enabling us to significantly expand the set of companies under examination. The results of this empirical analysis reveal that internal capital markets of Russian business groups serve as a tool for fund reallocation from older and larger, but less capital-intensive and leveraged companies to smaller, more capital-intensive and leveraged members of the group. The findings demonstrate that the financing advantage motive for intra-group lending is currently predominant in the leading Russian business groups. Thus, Russian business groups use their internal capital markets asan alternative source of funds that alleviates the financing constraints of group members. In the context of continuing anti-Russian sanctions, the limited depth of the Russian financial market and a lack of “long” money in the economy, the research results can be useful for financial managers and policymakers seeking ways to enhance the financial security of group-affiliated companies.
University language education: Lessons of forced transition to teaching online
Authors: Yastrebova E. B. , Chigasheva M. A. , Evteev S. V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The unexpected transition to online teaching in spring 2020 resulted in educational institutions differently equipped in terms of technology, methodology and academic staff preparedness. Moreover, educational institutions faced with a totally new working environment. One may assume that during the pandemic, education systems of most countries crossed the Rubicon, and now there is no going back. What learning and teaching will be like in the future depends, to a large extent, on the lessons the teaching community will learn.The aim of the research was to find out how successful the emergency transition to teaching foreign languages online was and to identify technological resources necessary to maintain the quality of foreign language teaching and learning in different educational formats.Methodology and research methods. The research was carried out in line with the learner- centered activity approach and principles of distant teaching and learning; it also included analysis of online teaching practices across the world before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research data was collected via three surveys conducted (with Google forms) among foreign language teachers of MGIMO University (1329 questionnaires) in April, June and September, 2020; 15 heads of foreign language(s) departments (July 2020), and 201 MGIMO students (September 2020). The data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics: correlation and cross tabulation analyses, linear regression analysis, and ANOVA.Results. In the course of the research, the correlations between class activities, selfstudy assignments, forms of assessment, and students’ engagement in learning have been established; as well as the fact that individual approach in teaching has a positive effect on students’ activity, responsibility and academic independence. Furthermore, the problems in online teaching have been identified: classes were not communicative enough, nor teaching sufficiently individualised; besides, the quality of assessment declined with the transition to online learning format.Scientific novelty. An attempt has been made to evaluate the experience of remote teaching foreign languages at university level after the emergency shift to online learning format, and to find out its potential for maintaining (and, in prospect, improving) the quality of language education.Practical significance. Class activities, self-study assignments and forms of testing found the most effective in this research can be of use to foreign language teachers working online. The need to provide individual trajectories for students to develop communicative competence in a foreign language has been established, which is important for course, programme and teaching materials designers.