bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexural behavior of concrete beams with horizontal and vertical openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars
Authors: Ali Hasan Hussein , Said Abdul Muttailb I. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study conducted an analytical investigation on the behavior of concrete beams with openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. In this study, five proposed beams reinforced by GFRP bars as flexural and shear reinforcement with openings were numerically examined. The variables were the opening orientation (vertical and horizontal) and the number of openings. These openings were located within the flexural zone of the proposed beams. The result shows that the vertical openings had a significant effect over the horizontal openings on reducing the ultimate load and increasing the mid-span deflection compared with the control beam. Moreover, the results showed that when replacing two adjacent openings by one equivalent opening, the capacity of the beam is decreased.
Sucrose concentration detector based on a binary photonic crystal with a defect layer and two nanocomposite layers
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H. M. , Suthar Bhuvneshwer , Bhargava Anami , Taya Sofyan A. , Daher Malek G. , Wu Feng , Colak Ilhami 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The concentration of sucrose in an aqueous solution has a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, such as protein and food preservation. In this work, we propose a binary Si/SiO2 photonic crystal with a defect layer and two nanocomposite layers for the detection of sucrose concentration in an aqueous solution. The transfer matrix method is employed to analyze the proposed structure. Transmission, reflection and absorption spectra are plotted and studied. The defect mode arising as a result of the breakdown of the photonic crystal periodicity by the defect and the nanocomposite layers is also investigated. Many interesting features have been observed such as the transmission peak being sharply reduced with the increase of the nanocomposite layer thickness and the angle of incidence. The sensitivity of the photonic crystal can be enhanced by increasing the defect layer thickness and the incidence angle. It can be further improved by limiting the nanocomposite layer thickness to 5 nm. The proposed structure exhibits excellent tuning with any change in the sucrose concentration and it shows high sensitivity of about 893 nm/RIU. Therefore, it can be used as an efficient optical sensor device with enhanced sensitivity due to the nanocomposite layers.
Подолання екзистенційних криз на шляху до щастя: метаантропологічний підхід
Authors: Сіра Лариса 
Published: July 2022

У статті досліджуються екзистенційні кризи та їх подолання на шляху до щастя у парадигмі метаантропології. Розглядаються види екзистенційних вимірів як рух від буденного буття людини до граничного та метаграничного буття. Виявлено, що подолання екзистенційних криз є складовою трансформацією свідомості людини, що веде до особистісного та духовного зростання, робиться висновок про важливість їх проходження. У статті описані причини виникнення криз та алгоритми рішень. Виявлена закономірність у подоланні екзистенційних криз для набуття щастя. На основі метаантропологічної парадигми авторами встановлено, що екзистенційні кризи поділяються на три рівні; поверхнева криза для буденних людей зі ″сплячою″ свідомістю, криза на межі, що вимагає високої напруги, та виводить на духовний і особистісний план буття і метаграничний, що веде до усвідомленості, об'єднання, співтворчості та любові.
Мета статті полягає у поясненні причин виникнення екзистенційних криз та важливості їх подолання. Встановлено, що щастя безпосередньо залежить від подолання екзистенційних рівнів.
Методи. У статті використовується аналіз наукових праць згідно теми; плідною виявилася концепція людської екзистенції С. К’єркеґора, персоналістична методологія М. Бердяєва, методологія гуманістичного психоаналізу Е. Фромма, цікавий оптимістичнй підхід Д. Мерфі, методологічний потенціал філософської антропології як метаантропології Н. Хамітова, за допомогою якої екзистенційні кризи розглядаються в буденному, граничному та метаграничному вимірах буття. В контексті метаантропологічного підходу, плідним став концепт «одномірної людини» Г. Маркузе для осмислення екзистенційних криз та щастя в бутті людини буденного виміру буття, також з'ясовано, що антропологія як метаантропологія в соціогуманітарному знанні розкриває екзистенційні виміри та представляє різні шляхи розвитку.
Новизна статті полягає у евристично цінному підході метаантропології, завдяки якому були розглянуті види екзистенційних вимірів як рух від буденного буття людини до граничного та метаграничного буття, з урахуванням трансформації екзистенційних криз.
Висновки. Мультиметодологічний підхід дозволяє пояснити залежність екзистенційних рівнів людського буття з екзистенційними кризами, закономірність їх розвитку та шляхи їх подолання. Встановлено, що долаючи екзистенційні кризи, людина має можливість перейти на більш високий, усвідомлений рівень буття та відчути вищий рівень щастя. Завдяки проходженню екзистенційних криз людина має можливість усвідомити себе як особистість та жити у стані співтворчості та любові.
Ulcera Vulvar Recurrente
Authors: Wedel Karen , Villalobos Mariana , Molina Sylvia , Goyenaga Pablo 
Published: July 2022

La tuberculosis (TB) es una de las enfermedades más antiguas que ha afectado a seres humanos y es una causa importante de muerte a nivel mundial. La tuberculosis es una enfermedad frecuente en nuestro país cuya incidencia ha aumentado a través de los años debido a las migraciones poblacionales, deterioro de las condiciones económicas, tratamientos inmunosupresores y aumento en la incidencia de pacientes VIH positivos.

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 27 años con diagnóstico previo de quiste de Bartholino recurrente, posteriormente diagnosticada con Granuloma vulvar persistente con formación de fistula y lesión verrugosa al tacto rectal, finalmente se diagnostica con TB intestinal con fistula en vulva.

La TB intestinal es un reto diagnóstico ya que carece de manifestaciones clínicas y analíticas específicas. Además, las lesiones endoscópicas son muy parecidas a las de otras enfermedades más frecuentes, como la enfermedad de Crohn. En el caso de esta paciente fue necesario un equipo interdisciplinario y múltiples estudios para lograr un diagnóstico certero. Sin duda un reto diagnóstico.
Las Enfermedades Reumáticas como Factor de Riesgo en el Desarrollo de la Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva
Authors: Calderón Valverde Gabriel , Contreras Raquel Salas , Quesada Carlos Sequeira 
Published: July 2022

La Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva, a causa de la activación por la infección del virus JC, es una patología clásicamente asociada a factores de riesgo como la infección por VIH, las neoplasias hematológicas y los pacientes con inmunosupresión.
No obstante, recientemente, se han podido identificar a las enfermedades reumáticas como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de dicha condición. Entre todas las enfermedades reumáticas, el Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico destaca notoriamente por su mayor asociación, la cual no parece encontrarse vinculada al tratamiento inmunosupresor sino a características inherentes a la enfermedad.
Activity of meropenem-vaborbactam against different beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates in Iran
Authors: Amereh Samira , Kelishomi Fatemeh Zeynali , Ghayaz Fatemeh , Javadi Amir , Peymani Amir , Fardsanei Fatemeh , Aali Ehsan , Nikkhahi Farhad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We evaluated the activity of meropenem-vaborbactam against different beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. In our study antibiotic susceptibility testing, double disk synergy test, modified Hodge test were applied. Detection of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase genes was performed by PCR. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was done on OXA-48 producing K. pneumoniae strains. Our results showed that among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, 41.1% and 40% of strains produced ESBL, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of AmpC producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli was 4% and 45.5%, respectively. Altogether 64.2% of K. pneumoniae strains and one E. coli isolate produced carbapenemase. Among OXA-48 producing K. pneumoniae strains ST3500 and ST2528 were detected by MLST. Based on the phenotypic results of this study, vaborbactam was an effective inhibitor on the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant isolates (P < 0.0001). Meropenem-vaborbactam combination had the highest efficacy on KPC producing strains, and it had limited activity on isolates producing OXA-48 type beta-lactamases, whereas no effect was observed on NDM-1 producing isolates. Our study provided valuable information regarding the vaborbactam inhibitory effect on β-lactamase-producing strains.
The teacher's role in enhancing higher education students' self-regulation: An interview study in Hungary's higher education
Authors: Castillo Sindy J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In higher education, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning with little or no help from their teachers. Even though the teacher is a key element in the learning process, there is limited information on higher education students' way of taking charge of their own learning and the agency of the teacher that could influence this process. This paper intends to investigate this gap in the literature by conducting a semi-structured interview study. The interviews were conducted with ten English major students from a Hungarian university. The research was based on two main objectives: (1) to obtain an overview of higher education students' self-regulation (SR); (2) to explore their views on the teacher's influence on their SR process. The data retrieved from the interviews were analyzed using the Templates of Organizing Style (TOS). The results suggest that higher education students use cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral strategies in order to self-regulate and that there are some personality and professional aspects (e.g., being likable or providing constant, meaningful feedback) of the teacher that can either enhance or hinder students' SR process. The findings also indicate that between these two aspects, the teacher's personality plays a more influential role in students' SR. This can have important implications in the way higher education students' self-regulation is perceived as well as the way teachers prepare for a lesson and behave in a class.
Myanmar English majors' perceptions of learner autonomy in Learning English at tertiary level
Authors: Win Cho Cho 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Autonomous language learning has drawn many researchers' attention in the field of language teaching and learning due to its relevance to the current education context. Consequently, research on autonomous behaviors of learners in learning English inside and outside the classroom has been remarkably relevant with a view to fostering autonomy in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes. As this area of second language acquisition (SLA) constitutes a niche in the Myanmar EFL context, the aim of this paper is to fill this niche by conducting a quantitative replication study to investigate Myanmar EFL learners' autonomous behaviors. The original questionnaire by Spratt et al. (2002) was adapted and administered online. A total of 60 first-year and second-year English specialization students from a Myanmar university participated in the study. The results showed that learners appear to view their teachers as more responsible for in-class learning and themselves for outside or private learning, and they demonstrated surprisingly little autonomy inside the classroom. Their level of autonomy outside the classroom was significantly higher; however, it still approximated the lower end of the Likert scale, which is indicative of the need to foster learner autonomy in the context investigated. At the same time, the results have raised a need for further research in the same context on the focus of the study and its possibly related aspects impacted by culture, prescribed curricula, etc.
Fluoridation cessation and oral health equity: a 7-year post-cessation study of Grade 2 schoolchildren in Alberta, Canada
Authors: McLaren Lindsay , Patterson Steven K. , Faris Peter , Chen Guanmin , Thawer Salima , Figueiredo Rafael , Weijs Cynthia , McNeil Deborah A. , Waye Arianna , Potestio Melissa L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
Community water fluoridation, because of its universal scope and passive mechanism of uptake, is one component of a multifaceted approach to promoting equity in dental health. The objective of this study was to examine social inequities in children’s dental health in the Canadian cities of Calgary (fluoridation cessation in 2011) and Edmonton (still fluoridated).

Methods
We analyzed data from surveys of population-based samples of Grade 2 (approx. age 7) children in Calgary in 2009/2010 (pre-cessation; n=557) and in both Calgary and Edmonton in 2013/2014 (Calgary, n=3230; Edmonton, n=2304) and 2018/2019 (Calgary, n=2649; Edmonton, n=2600) (post-cessation). We estimated associations between several socioeconomic indicators and dental caries indicators (i.e., dental caries experience [deft, DMFT] and untreated decay in two or more teeth [untreated decay]) using zero-inflated Poisson, binary logistic regression, and the concentration index of inequality. We compared those associations over time (between survey waves) and between cities at post-cessation.

Results
Persistent social inequities in deft and untreated decay were evident; for example, having no dental insurance was significantly associated with higher odds of untreated decay across city and survey wave. In most (but not all) cases, differences between cities and survey waves were consistent with an adverse effect of fluoridation cessation on dental health inequities. For example, the association between no dental insurance and higher odds of untreated decay in Calgary was greater in 2018/2019 (later post-cessation) than in 2009/2010 (pre-cessation; odds ratio [OR] for comparison of coefficients = 1.89 [1.36–2.63], p<0.001) and 2013/2014 (early post-cessation; OR for comparison of coefficients = 1.67 [1.22–2.28], p=0.001); that same association in 2018/2019 was greater in Calgary (fluoridation cessation) than in Edmonton (still fluoridated) (OR for comparison of coefficients = 1.44 [1.03–2.02], p=0.033).

Conclusion
Social inequities in dental caries were present in both Calgary and Edmonton. Those inequities tended to be worse in Calgary where fluoridation was ceased. Our findings may be relevant to other settings where income inequality is high, dental services are costly, and dental public health infrastructure is limited.
Lamellar Keratoplasty as a Method of Treatment Patients with Neurotrophic Keratopathy II and III Stages Outcome
Authors: Ezugbaya M. , Riks I. A. , Trufanov S. V. , Astakhov S. Yu. , Papanyan S. S. , Anikina L. K. , Boutaba R. , Gryaznova V. V. 
Published: July 2022

Neurotrophic keratopathy (NTK) is an orphan, polyetiological disease that has recently been identified more frequently. Drug-resistant stages of NTC often require urgent surgical treatment. Subsequently, such patients need to be done keratoplasty, the consequences may be unsatisfactory in the presence of a significant impairment of innervation.Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of lamellar anterior keratoplasty in patients with the outcome of stage II and III NTK.Material and methods. The study included 22 patients (22 eyes) aged 21 to 88 years. All patients were divided into two main groups. The first group consisted of 12 patients with NTC as a result of damage to the main stem of n.trigeminus and its branch n.ophthalmicus, the second group consisted of 10 patients — NTC as a result of toxic damage due to uncontrolled instillation of local anesthetics and eyedrops with preservatives. Before inclusion in the study, 14 patients underwent autoconjunctivoplasty for the treatment of drug-resistant NTK stage II and III, 8 — corneoscleral flap coating. All patients underwent lamellar anterior keratoplasty. The following parameters were assessed: maximally corrected visual acuity (MCVA) and coefficient of corneal sensitivity reduction in an approximate way before and after 1 day, 2 weeks, 1 and 3 months after surgery; tear film break- up time (Norn test) and Schirmer’s I.Results. In the second group an increase in the level of BCVA and a clear graft was observed in all patients, while in the first group, the level of BCVA worsened, and the graft was with reduced transparency. Significant difference between the examined and the fellow eye in the compared groups according to the tear film break-up time test was not detected. In the first group statistically significant decrease of tear production according to the results of the Schirmer’s test was identified. A weak correlation was found between corneal sensitivity and BCVA after surgery in group II.Conclusion. We have demonstrated the high efficiency of automated layered anterior keratoplasty in the outcomes of advanced stages of NTK of toxic etiology. In patients with NTC outcome as a result of stem injury, surgical treatment led to a satisfactory cosmetic result, but visual acuity did not change significantly.
Study of the Level of Pro- and Antiangiogenic Growth Factors in Vitreous Fluid in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration on the Background of Treatment
Authors: Arkhipova M. M. , Likhvantseva V. G. , Gevorgyan A. S. , Rychkova S. I. , Selkov S. A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: to study the level of pro- and antiangiogenic growth factors in the vitreous fluid of the eyes with the neovascular form of agerelated macular degeneration (nAMD) against the background of antiangiogenic therapy.Patients and methods. The concentration of proangiogenic (IL-8, angiogenin, TNF-α, VEGF, bFGF) and antiangiogenic (IFN-α, TGF-β IFN-γ) growth factors in the vitreous fluid of nAMD patients was determined by multiplex flow cytometry. Patients with senile cataracts without signs of AMD and cataract patients burdened with naïve (untreated) nAMD were in the comparison groups.Results. Compared with senile cataracts, proangiogenic cytokines TNF-α were present more frequently and at a higher level in the vitreous fluid of the eyes with treated nVMD (75 % vs. 47.5 %, p < 0.05; Msr ± m: 2.4 ± 0.5 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3 pg/ml, p < 0.05), IL-8 (100 % vs. 75 %, p < 0.01; 492.9 ± 75.7 vs. 8.5 ± 1.5 pg/ml, p < 0.01), angiogenin (3822.4 ± 498.6 vs. 2820.2 ± 319.3, p < 0.01) and FGFb (58.3 % vs. 26.7 %, p < 0.05; 10.1 ± 5.9 vs. 2.7 ± 1.0, p < 0.01). In both groups of patients, antiangiogenic factors IFN-γ and TGF-β were practically not detected, but the concentration of IFN-α was significantly higher (6.4 ± 1.7 versus 4.4 ± 0.4, p < 0.01). VEGF levels in both nosological groups were almost identical: 17.5 ± 14.0 (with nAMD) versus 18.4 ± 3.2 (n/a), while VEGF was found in vitreous fluid in the cataract group significantly more often (68.2 % vs. 17 %, p < 0.01). By way of explanation, the authors suggested that since patients with nAMD had previously been administered the anti-angiogenic drug Ranibizumab, it is possible that the VEGF production was under the control of the drug, that is, suppressed or blocked.Conclusion. Elevated levels of proangiogenic growth factors IL-8, angiogenin, TNF-α and bFGF in vitreous fluid with nAMD against the background of antiangiogenic therapy with ranibizumab suggest the presence of other, independent of VEGF, acting mechanisms for stimulating angiogenesis. The absence of antiangiogenic growth factors IFN-γ and TGF-β in the vitreous fluid allows us to think about the presence of a defect in the control and regulation of angiogenesis in nAMD. The rare detection of VEGF in combination with a significant decrease in its concentration compared to senile cataracts against the background of treatment with ranibizumab of the eyes with nAMD demonstrates targeted inhibition in practice. Against the background of treatment with angiostatic drugs, an inversion of the angiogenic phenotype occurs with the formation of new workarounds of angiogenesis, which apparently dictates the connection of drugs with other mechanisms of action.
Surgical Rehabilitation of a Posttraumatic Iris Cyst, Cataract and Astigmatism Patient. Clinical Case
Authors: Onishchenko A. L. , Potehin V. K. , Vershinina N. A. 
Published: July 2022

Injuries cause serious disturbance of the form and function of the organ of vision due to the damage and accompanying or remote complications and therefore have a high proportion to the structure of low vision, blindness and disability. One of the complications of penetrating wounds of the eye is iris cysts. Iris cyst can increase and cause pupillary block, secondary glaucoma, uveitis, corneal dystrophy, and therefore it requires surgical intervention. The goal of surgical treatment of an iris cyst is to ensure complete removal of the cyst.Objective: to estimate the clinical and functional results of treatment in a posttraumatic iris cyst, posterior subcapsular cataract and myopic astigmatism patient.Patient and methods. Patient B., 49 years old with posttraumatic retention iris cyst, posterior subcapsular cataract, compound myopic high astigmatism was examined. To determine the tactics of surgical treatment of the patient, a complex of General ophthalmology was perfomed (visometry, IOP measurement, autorefractometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy), as well as special (B-scanning, optical coherence tomography of the retina) research methods. The follow-up period was 1 year.Results and discussion. To improve visual functions and prevent the development of secondary glaucoma, the patient was offered surgery - excision of the iris cyst and cataract phacoemulsification with toric intraocular lens. Simultaneous carrying out of two stages of the operation reduced the risks of postoperative complications and shorten the rehabilitation period.Conclusion. Positive optical and therapeutic effects were achieved as a result of the surgical treatment 44 years after an open eye injury: the eye is calm, the iris cyst is not detected, visual acuity has increased. The postoperative period showed the saving the stable and high visual and functional result with no recurrence of the iris cyst.
O problema de Heron na geometria do táxi
Authors: Da Silva Marcos André , Rufino Elzimar Oliveira , Barreto Soares Stephen Roosevelt 
Published: July 2022

Neste trabalho consideramos um outro ponto de vista do problema classico da geometria euclidiana plana conhecido como o problema de Heron. Para tal, utilizamos a geometria conhecida como a geometria do taxi e apresentamos uma reformulação e uma solução do problema de Heron neste contexto.