bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical nitroglycerin to detect reversible microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with circulatory shock after cardiovascular surgery: an observational study
Authors: Greenwood John C. , Talebi Fatima M. , Jang David H. , Spelde Audrey E. , Tonna Joseph E. , Gutsche Jacob T. , Horak Jiri , Acker Michael A. , Kilbaugh Todd J. , Shofer Frances S. , Augoustides John G. T. , Bakker Jan , Brenner Jacob S. , Muzykantov Vladimir R. , Abella Benjamin S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPersistent abnormalities in microcirculatory function are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with circulatory shock. We sought to identify patients with acutely reversible microcirculatory dysfunction using a low-dose topical nitroglycerin solution and handheld videomicroscopy during circulatory shock after cardiac surgery. Forty subjects were enrolled for the study, including 20 preoperative control and 20 post-operative patients with shock. To test whether microcirculatory dysfunction is acutely reversible during shock, the sublingual microcirculation was imaged with incident dark field microscopy before and after the application of 0.1 mL of a 1% nitroglycerin solution (1 mg/mL). Compared to the control group, patients with shock had a higher microcirculation heterogeneity index (MHI 0.33 vs. 0.12, p < 0.001) and a lower microvascular flow index (MFI 2.57 vs. 2.91, p < 0.001), total vessel density (TVD 22.47 vs. 25.90 mm/mm2, p = 0.005), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV 90.76 vs. 95.89%, p < 0.001) and perfused vessel density (PVD 20.44 vs. 24.81 mm/mm2, p < 0.001). After the nitroglycerin challenge, patients with shock had an increase in MFI (2.57 vs. 2.97, p < 0.001), TVD (22.47 vs. 27.51 mm/mm2, p < 0.009), PPV (90.76 vs. 95.91%, p < 0.001), PVD (20.44 vs. 26.41 mm/mm2, p < 0.001), venular RBC velocity (402.2 vs. 693.9 µm/s, p < 0.0004), and a decrease in MHI (0.33 vs. 0.04, p < 0.001. Thirteen of 20 patients showed a pharmacodynamic response, defined as an increase in PVD > 1.8 SD from shock baseline. Hemodynamics and vasoactive doses did not change during the 30-min study period. Our findings suggest a topical nitroglycerin challenge with handheld videomicroscopy can safely assess for localized recruitment of the microcirculatory blood flow in patients with circulatory shock and may be a useful test to identify nitroglycerin responsiveness.
Efficient biodegradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by a novel strain Nocardia asteroides LMB-7 isolated from electronic waste soil
Authors: Chang Tian-Tian , Lin Zhi-Wei , Zhang Liu-Qing , Liu Wei-Bing , Zhou Ying , Ye Bang-Ce 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) degrading strain LMB-7 was isolated from electronic waste soil. According to its biophysical/biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis, the strain was identified as Nocardia asteroides. Optimal pH and temperature for DEHP degradation were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively, and DEHP removal reached 97.11% after cultivation for 24 h at an initial concentration of 400 mg/L. As degradation intermediates, di-butyl phthalates, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and 2-ethylhexanol could be identified, and it could be confirmed that DEHP was completely degraded by strain LMB-7. To our knowledge, this is a new report of DEHP degradation by a strain of Nocardia asteroides, at rates higher than those reported to date. This finding provides a new way for DEHP elimination from environment.
Greenhouse warming and anthropogenic aerosols synergistically reduce springtime rainfall in low-latitude East Asia
Authors: Ryu Young-Hee , Min Seung-Ki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLow-latitude East Asia, particularly southern China, has experienced a markedly decreasing springtime rainfall in recent years whereas rainfall trends are weak in mid-latitude East Asia. Details of human influences on this contrasting feature remain uncertain. This study provides a quantification of the relative roles of greenhouse warming and aerosols in the observed spring rainfall trends over East Asia using a state-of-the-art numerical model. Greenhouse warming drives more rapid temperature increases over high-latitude East Asia potentially associated with reduced spring snow than the western North Pacific, which induces an anomalous anticyclone over the East China Sea. This circulation change results in a northwestward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high, reducing rainfall at low latitudes while moderately increasing rainfall at mid-latitudes. In contrast, anthropogenic aerosols reduce rainfall in both low- and mid-latitude East Asia. Hence, the two anthropogenic factors synergistically reduce rainfall at low latitudes, with a stronger contribution of greenhouse warming (~34%) than aerosols (~17%). In mid-latitude East Asia, their contributions are offset, resulting in weak rainfall trends. Further, the anthropogenic influences are found to be relatively larger under drier conditions, suggesting that a more severe drought can occur in low-latitude East Asia under future drought-conducive conditions.
GAGE is a method for identification of plant species based on whole genome analysis and genome editing
Authors: Hao Lijun , Xu Wenjie , Qi Guihong , Xin Tianyi , Xu Zhichao , Lei Hetian , Song Jingyuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhole genomes of plants should be ideal databases for their species identification, but unfortunately there was no such method before this exploration. Here we report a plant species identification method based on the whole Genome Analysis and Genome Editing (GAGE). GAGE searches for target sequences from the whole genome of the subject plant and specifically detects them by employing a CRISPR/Cas12a system. Similar to how Mendel chose Pisum sativum (pea), we selected Crocus sativus (saffron) to establish GAGE, in which we constructed a library containing all candidate target sequences. Taking a target sequence in the ITS2 region as an example, we confirmed the feasibility, specificity, and sensitivity of GAGE. Consequently, we succeeded in not only using GAGE to identify Cr. sativus and its adulterants, but also executing GAGE in the plants from different classes including angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns, and lycophytes. This sensitive and rapid method is the first plant species identification method based on the whole genome and provides new insights into the application of the whole genome in species identification.
Housing-temperature reveals energy intake counter-balances energy expenditure in normal-weight, but not diet-induced obese, male mice
Authors: John Linu Mary , Petersen Natalia , Gerstenberg Marina Kjærgaard , Torz Lola , Pedersen Kent , Christoffersen Berit Østergaard , Kuhre Rune Ehrenreich 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost metabolic studies on mice are performed at room temperature, although under these conditions mice, unlike humans, spend considerable energy to maintain core temperature. Here, we characterize the impact of housing temperature on energy expenditure (EE), energy homeostasis and plasma concentrations of appetite- and glucoregulatory hormones in normal-weight and diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice fed chow or 45% high-fat-diet, respectively. Mice were housed for 33 days at 22, 25, 27.5, and 30 °C in an indirect-calorimetry-system. We show that energy expenditure increases linearly from 30 °C towards 22 °C and is ~30% higher at 22 °C in both mouse models. In normal-weight mice, food intake counter-balances EE. In contrast, DIO mice do not reduce food intake when EE is lowered. By end of study, mice at 30 °C, therefore, had higher body weight, fat mass and plasma glycerol and triglycerides than mice at 22 °C. Dysregulated counterbalancing in DIO mice may result from increased pleasure-based eating.
Reconstitution of monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in genome engineered Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Dudley Quentin M. , Jo Seohyun , Guerrero Delia Ayled Serna , Chhetry Monika , Smedley Mark A. , Harwood Wendy A. , Sherden Nathaniel H. , O’Connor Sarah E. , Caputi Lorenzo , Patron Nicola J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMonoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a diverse class of plant natural products that include a number of medicinally important compounds. We set out to reconstitute the pathway for strictosidine, a key intermediate of all MIAs, from central metabolism in Nicotiana benthamiana. A disadvantage of this host is that its rich background metabolism results in the derivatization of some heterologously produced molecules. Here we use transcriptomic analysis to identify glycosyltransferases that are upregulated in response to biosynthetic intermediates and produce plant lines with targeted mutations in the genes encoding them. Expression of the early MIA pathway in these lines produces a more favorable product profile. Strictosidine biosynthesis was successfully reconstituted, with the best yields obtained by the co-expression of 14 enzymes, of which a major latex protein-like enzyme (MLPL) from Nepeta (catmint) is critical for improving flux through the iridoid pathway. The removal of endogenous glycosyltransferases does not impact the yields of strictosidine, highlighting that the metabolic flux of the pathway enzymes to a stable biosynthetic intermediate minimizes the need to engineer the endogenous metabolism of the host. The production of strictosidine in planta expands the range of MIA products amenable to biological synthesis.
Cystathionine β-synthase as novel endogenous regulator of lymphangiogenesis via modulating VEGF receptor 2 and 3
Authors: Hatami Niloofar , Büttner Christian , Bock Felix , Simfors Sara , Musial Gwen , Reis André , Cursiefen Claus , Clahsen Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLymphangiogenesis is a key player in several diseases such as tumor metastasis, obesity, and graft rejection. Endogenous regulation of lymphangiogenesis is only partly understood. Here we use the normally avascular cornea as a model to identify endogenous regulators of lymphangiogenesis. Quantitative trait locus analysis of a large low-lymphangiogenic BALB/cN x high-lymphangiogenic C57BL/6 N intercross and prioritization by whole-transcriptome sequencing identify a novel gene responsible for differences in lymphatic vessel architecture on chromosome 17, thecystathionine β-synthase (Cbs). Inhibition of CBS in lymphatic endothelial cells results in reduce proliferation, migration, altered tube-formation, and decrease expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) and VEGF-R3, but not their ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Also in vivo inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis is significantly reduce in C57BL/6 N mice after pharmacological inhibition of CBS. The results confirm CBS as a novel endogenous regulator of lymphangiogenesis acting via VEGF receptor 2 and 3-regulation and open new treatment avenues in diseases associated with pathologic lymphangiogenesis.
Low-dose radiation exaggerates HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction by gut microbiota through PA-PYCR1 axis
Authors: Ju Zhao , Guo Peiyu , Xiang Jing , Lei Ridan , Ren Guofeng , Zhou Meiling , Yang Xiandan , Zhou Pingkun , Huang Ruixue 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCo-exposure of High-fat-diet (HFD) behavior and environmental low-dose radiation (LDR) is common among majority occupational workers, but the synergism of this co-exposure in metabolic health is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on the regulation of HFD accompanied by LDR-associated with metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. Here, we reported that Parasutterella was markedly elevated in the gut microbiota of mice in co-exposure of HFD and LDR, accompanied by increased pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid (PA) level in both intestine and plasma. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from mice with co-exposure HFD and LDR with metabolic dysfunction resulted in increased disruption of metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and increased PYCR1 (Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1) expression. Mechanistically, intestinal barrier was damaged more serious in mice with co-exposure of HFD and LDR, leading high PA level in plasma, activating PYCR1 expression to inhibit insulinAkt/mTOR(AKT kinase-transforming protein/Serine threonine-protein kinase) signaling pathway to aggravate HFD-induced metabolic impairments. This study suggests a new avenue for interventions against western diet companied with low dose radiation exposure-driven metabolic impairments.
A generic intelligent routing method using deep reinforcement learning with graph neural networks
Authors: Huang Wanwei , Yuan Bo , Wang Sunan , Zhang Jianwei , Li Junfei , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRouting optimization is a well‐known and established topic with the fundamental goal of operating networks efficiently. Traditional optimization heuristics may suffer from performance penalty as it mismatches actual traffic, while artificial intelligence (AI) which has undergone a renaissance recently is gradually being applied to the network optimization and has shown excellent advantages. Especially deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is investigated as a key technology for routing optimization with the goal of enabling networks self‐driving. Therefore, we contributed in this paper a novel approach for practical intelligent routing method using DRL with GNN, which could be easily implemented as a northbound application on the SDN controller. Our method can not only output continuous control actions for routing optimization but also learn from some networks and generalize to other unseen ones. In order to emphasize the generalization and practicality of the intelligent routing method, we deploy it in a real SDN network for experimentation rather than simulation. The results show that the method can keep on optimizing the routing of traffic in other networks of different topologies after the training is stable. And compared with hop‐based OSPF, the optimal load‐balancing algorithm and the recent intelligent routing DROM, it reduces network delay by 16.1%, 19.6% and 14.3%, respectively, but at the expense of flow‐table space within the acceptable range.
Collaborative 3D face alignment and head pose estimation with frontal face constraint based on RGB and sparse depth
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yu Huimin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA collaborative multi‐task learning framework is proposed for integrating 3D face alignment and head pose estimation using RGB and sparse depth with a frontal face constraint. Most previous works involve using dense depth images to exploit spatial information, but the acquisition of high‐resolution dense depth images is not always available due to the limitation of the image capture device. Besides, the existing multi‐task learning methods have the problem of insufficient learning since they have not bridged the semantic gap between both tasks. In this letter, integrating 3D face alignment and head pose estimation into a collaborative multi‐task learning framework is proposed, which is supervised by a frontal face constraint. In addition, sparse depth is incorporated into the network to provide additional facial geometrical information. A UV position map is generated to conduct face alignment, and a head pose vector is output to predict the head orientation. The performance on AFLW2000‐3D dataset is evaluated, and the minimum quantization errors are achieved for both tasks when compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed method.
STLRF‐Stack: A fault prediction model for pure electric vehicles based on a high dimensional imbalanced dataset
Authors: Tian Sheng , Li Jia , Zhang Jinming , Li Chengwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFault prediction is an important part of the safe operation and maintenance of pure electric vehicles, and it is crucial to predict faults efficiently and accurately. To address the problems that the pure electric vehicle fault prediction model has less than ideal prediction effect and classification bias to most classes due to unbalanced data set categories and high dimensionality of features, this paper firstly obtains a low dimensional balanced dataset based on hybrid sampling and joint feature selection. Then the classification ability of the model is improved through ensemble learning. Finally, a new hybrid model STLRF‐Stack is proposed to realize efficient fault prediction of pure electric vehicles. This paper is validated on a real operating dataset of pure electric vehicles. The experimental results show that the prediction effect of the hybrid model proposed in this paper is better than that of the single model and related literature. In addition, this model can successfully predict the fault 5 min before the actual fault of electric vehicles occurs, which provides the drivers with the opportunity of accident prevention and early treatment. Therefore, the model has specific feasibility and practical application value.
A slotline‐fed wideband dipole with filtering gain response
Authors: Yang Guo , Li Mengjie , Xiang Lei , Xiao Ruqi , Qian Yuwen , Qi Shishan , Wu Wen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA slotline‐fed wideband filtering dipole with tuneable radiation nulls is presented in this paper. The proposed wideband filtering dipole is fed by the microstrip–slotline cross‐junction. On account of the open‐circuit fed‐transmission‐line structure (OFTL) loaded on the extending line of microstrip–slotline cross‐junction, the wideband dipole generates two radiation nulls distributed at the lower and upper fringe of the operating band. The OFTL structure not only bring the filtering response but also can move the two radiation nulls simultaneously and keep the in‐band radiation performance unchanged. To validate the proposed approach, the wideband filtering dipole is fabricated, and the measured results are consistent with simulated results. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 22.4% (3.49–4.37 GHz), and the gain within passband is about 2.7 dBi. Moreover, the out‐of‐band radiation suppression levels are more than 20 and 10 dB within lower stopband (2.21–2.88 GHz) and upper stopband (4.92–5.78 GHz), respectively.
Height information aided 3D real‐time large‐scale underground user positioning
Authors: Tang Chengkai , Zhang Cunle , Zhang Lingling , Zhang Yi , Song Houbing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to the cost of inertial navigation and visual navigation equipment and lake of satellite navigation signals, they cannot be used in large‐scale underground mining environment. To solve this problem, this study proposes a large‐scale underground 3D real‐time positioning method with seam height assistance. This method uses the ultra wide band positioning base station as the core and is combined with seam height information to build a factor graph confidence transfer model to realise 3D positioning. The simulation results show that the proposed real‐time method is superior to the existing algorithms in positioning accuracy and can meet the needs of large‐scale underground users.
Analysis of yellowing phenomenon caused by electrical and thermal degradation in the interface of cross‐linked polyethylene cable joints
Authors: Yoon Sungho , Son Hyeongwook , Ko Hyeongsang , Kim Jeongtae 
Published: September 2022

AbstractYellowing phenomena have been frequently observed at the interface between the cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation and the semiconducting rubber in the joint when a failure occurs at the end bushing in gas (EBG) of the XLPE transmission cable joint. It is known that lubricants deteriorate thermally and electrically, which is related to connection material failure. In this study, in order to analyse the cause of the yellowing phenomenon in the XLPE cable termination, modelled experiments including liquid silicone rubber (LSR) semiconducting rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) semiconducting rubber were carried out with the long‐term electrical and thermal deterioration, and the degree of deterioration was investigated through chemical analysis and visual inspection. As a result, it was found out that the yellowing phenomenon of the lubricant at the joint interface was caused by partial discharges deterioration and was accelerated by thermal deterioration. Also, it is shown that LSR absorbs lubricant, whereas EPDM does not absorb lubricant but extracts surfer compound, which directly affects yellowing and solidification of lubricant. In addition, it is revealed that the micro‐bubbles produced in the lubricant may provide a fundamental cause of partial discharges, which results in the yellowing phenomena.
Extended radio halo of the supernova remnant CTB87 (G74.9+1.2)
Authors: Reich Wolfgang , Reich Patricia , Kothes Roland 
Published: September 2022

Context. Breaks in the radio spectra of supernova remnants (SNRs) reflect the maximum energy of either shock-accelerated electrons or – in the case of pulsar wind nebulae – of electrons injected by the central pulsar. Otherwise, the break may result from energy losses due to synchrotron ageing or it is caused by energy-dependent diffusion. A spectral steepening of the plerionic SNR CTB87 at around 11 GHz was observed in the 1980s, but a recent analysis of CTB87’s energetic properties based on new radio data raised doubt on it. CTB87 consists of a central compact component surrounded by a diffuse, centrally peaked, almost circular halo. Missing faint halo emission due to insufficient sensitivity of early high-frequency observations may be the reason for the reported spectral break.
Aims. We intend to clarify the high-frequency spectrum of CTB87 by new sensitive observations.
Methods. We used the broad-band λ2 cm receiver at the Effelsberg 100-m telescope for sensitive continuum observations of CTB87 and its halo in two frequency bands.
Results. The new λ2 cm maps of CTB87 show halo emission with a diameter of about 17′ or 30 pc for a distance of 6.1 kpc in agreement with lower-frequency data. The measured flux densities are significantly higher than those reported earlier.
Conclusions. The new λ2 cm data establish the high-frequency continuation of CTB87’s low-frequency spectrum. Any significant high-frequency spectral bend or break is constrained to frequencies well above about 18 GHz. The extended halo of CTB87 has a faint counterpart in γ rays (VER J2016+37) and thus indicates a common origin of the emitting electrons.