bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methanolic Moringa oleifera leaf extract protects against epithelial barrier damage and enteric bacterial translocation in intestinal I/R: Possible role of caspase 3
Authors: Afolabi O A. , Akhigbe T M. , Akhigbe R E. , Alabi B A. , Gbolagun O T. , Taiwo M E. , Fakeye O O. , Yusuf E O. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Activation of caspase 3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of I/R injury in various organs, but there is a paucity of data on its role in IIRI. Also, no reports were found on the beneficial role of methanolic Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MMOLE) in IIRI. This study investigated the involvement of caspase 3 in IIRI, and the impact of MMOLE in IIRI.Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups; the sham-operated group that was sham-operated and received 0.5 ml of distilled water for 7 days prior to sham surgery, and the IIRI, febuxostat (FEB) +IIRI, low dose MMOLE (LDMO)+IIRI, and high dose MMOLE (HDMO)+IIRI groups that underwent I/R and also received 0.5 ml of distilled water, 10 mg/kg of febuxostat, 200 mg/kg of MMOLE, and 400 mg/kg of MMOLE respectively for 7 days prior to I/R. Markers of hepatic function, oxidative stress, and inflammation as well as enteric bacterial translocation and histoarchitecture integrity of intestinal and hepatic tissues were evaluated. The bioactive components of MMOLE were also determined by GC-MS.Results: As revealed by GC-MS, the active bioactive components of MMOLE were thiosemicarbazone, hydrazine, 1,3-dioxolane, octanoic acid, 1,3-benzenediamine, 9-octadecenoic acid, oleic acid, nonadecanoic acid, 3-undecanone, phosphonic acid, and cyclopentanecarboxylic acid. MMOLE alleviated IIRI-induced rise in intestinal and hepatic injury markers, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase activities. MMOLE improved IIRI-induced suppression of reduced glutathione, thiol and non-thiol proteins, and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. These were associated with suppression of IIRI-induced caspase 3 activity and bacterial translocation. Histopathological evaluation revealed that MMOLE attenuated IIRI-induced alterations in intestinal and hepatic histoarchitecture integrity. MMOLE also militated against increased absolute and relative intestinal and hepatic weight, intestinal and hepatic injuries, epithelial mucosal barrier dysfunction, and enteric bacterial translocation associated with IIRI by downregulating oxidative stress-mediated activation of caspase 3.Conclusion: IIRI is associated with a rise in caspase 3 activity. Also, MMOLE confers protection against IIRI, possibly due to its constituent bioactive molecules, especially hydrazine, 9-octadecenoic acid, 1,3-dioxolane, oleic acid, and nonadecanoic acid.
Exercise testing and postoperative complications after minimally invasive lung resection: A cohort study
Authors: Chouinard Gabriel , Roy Pascalin , Blais Marie-Christine , Lippens Alexandre , Pelletier Éliane , Roy Emma , Marcoux Mathieu , Ugalde Paula A. , Rheault Justine , Pigeon Marc-Antoine , Nicodème Frédéric , Lacasse Yves , Maltais François 
Published: September 2022

Background: Peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2) during cardiospulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used to stratify postoperative risk following lung cancer resection but peak V˙O2 thresholds to predict post-operative mortality and morbidity were derived mostly from patients who underwent thoracotomy.Objectives: We evaluated whether peak V˙O2 or other CPET-derived variables predict post-operative mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity after minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer resection.Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent VATS lung resection between 2002 and 2019 and in whom CPET was performed. Logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of postoperative outcomes until 30 days after surgery. The ability of peak V˙O2 to discriminate between patients with and without post-operative complications was evaluated using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: Among the 593 patients, postoperative cardiopulmonary complications occurred in 92 (15.5%) individuals, including three deaths. Mean peak V˙O2 was 18.8 ml⋅kg−1⋅min−1, ranging from 7.0 to 36.4 ml⋅kg−1⋅min−1. Best predictors of postoperative morbidity and mortality were peripheral arterial disease, bilobectomy or pneumonectomy (versus sublobar resection), preoperative FEV1, peak V˙O2 , and peak V˙E/V˙CO2. The proportion of patients with peak V˙O2 of &lt; 15 ml⋅kg−1⋅min−1, 15 to &lt; 20 ml⋅kg−1⋅min−1 and ≥ 20 ml⋅kg−1⋅min−1 experiencing at least one postoperative complication was 23.8, 16.3 and 10.4%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for peak V˙O2 was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.57–0.69).Conclusion: Although lower peak V˙O2 was a predictor of postoperative complications following VATS lung cancer resection, its ability to discriminate patients with or without complications was limited.
The alterations in event-related potential responses to pain empathy in breast cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy
Authors: Li Wen , Lv Yue , Duan Xu , Cheng Guo , Yao Senbang , Yu Sheng , Tang Lingxue , Cheng Huaidong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPrevious findings indicated that breast cancer patients often have dysfunction in empathy and other cognitive functions during or after chemotherapy. However, the manifestations and possible neuro-electrophysiological mechanisms of pain empathy impairment in breast cancer patients after chemotherapy were still unknown.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to investigate the potential correlations between pain empathy impairment and event-related potentials (ERP) in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.MethodsTwenty-two breast cancer patients were evaluated on a neuropsychological test and pain empathy paradigm before and after chemotherapy, containing the Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C), while recording ERP data.ResultsThe empathic concern scores were lower and personal distress scores were higher on IRI-C task compared with those before chemotherapy (t = 3.039, p &lt; 0.01; t = −2.324, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, the accuracy rates were lower than those before chemotherapy for both pain and laterality tasks on the pain empathy paradigm (F = 5.099, P = 0.035). However, the response time was no significant differences before and after chemotherapy (F = 0.543, P = 0.469). Further, the amplitude of the N1 component was significantly increased (F = 38.091, P &lt; 0.001), and the amplitude of the P2 component was significantly decreased (F = 15.046, P = 0.001) in the subsequent ERP study. A linear mixed effect model was used to analyze the correlation, the average amplitude of N1 and P2 were positively correlated with the accuracy rates in laterality tasks (r = 1.765, r = 1.125, respectively, P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe results indicated that pain empathy impairment was performed in chemotherapeutic breast cancer patients, which was possibly correlated to the changes of N1 and P2 components in ERP. These findings provide neuro-electrophysiological information about chemo-brain in breast cancer patients.
Mapping network connection among symptoms of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance in Chinese high school students
Authors: Wang Shujian , Hou Wenxin , Tao Yanqiang , Ma Zijuan , Li Kai , Wang Yanling , Xu Zhaoyuan , Liu Xiangping , Zhang Liang 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDue to tremendous academic pressure, Chinese high school students suffer from severe depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Moreover, senior high school students commonly face more serious mental health problems than junior high school students. However, the co-occurrence and internal relationships of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances clusters are scarcely examined among high students. Therefore, the current study inspected relationships between depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance symptoms through network analysis and identified key symptoms bolstering the correlation and intensifying the syndromes.MethodsA total of 13,999 junior high school students (Mage = 13.42 years, SDage = 1.35, 50% females) and 12,550 senior high school students (Mage = 16.93 years, SDage = 1.67, 47% females) were recruited in Harbin. We constructed networks for all students, junior high group, and senior high group, including data from the Youth Self-rating Insomnia Scale-3 (YSIS-3), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). The indices of “strength” was used to identify symptoms' centrality, and “bridge strength” was used to find specific nodes that could bridge anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance.ResultsThe networks of all students, junior high and senior high students, were stable and accurate. Among all networks, “Nervousness” (GAD1) had the highest strength, and “Nervousness”–“Excessive worry” (GAD1-GAD2) had the strongest correlation. “Nervousness” (GAD1) also functioned as the bridge symptom among junior high students, while “Sad mood” (PHQ2) among senior high students. Senior high students scored higher than junior high students on all items and had a tighter network structure.ConclusionsIn networks consisting of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, anxiety plays a conspicuous role in comorbidity among junior high school students, which transforms into depression among senior high school students. Treatments or interventions should be focused on these critical symptoms.
Global and regional prevalence of disabilities among children and adolescents: Analysis of findings from global health databases
Authors: Olusanya Bolajoko O. , Kancherla Vijaya , Shaheen Amira , Ogbo Felix A. , Davis Adrian C. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) require population-based data on children with disabilities to inform global policies and intervention programs. We set out to compare the prevalence estimates of disabilities among children and adolescents younger than 20 years as reported by the world's leading organizations for global health statistics.MethodsWe purposively searched the disability reports and databases of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank and the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study. We analyzed the latest disability data reported by these organizations since 2015. We examined the methodologies adopted in generating the reported prevalence estimates and evaluated the degree of agreement among the data sources using Welch's test of statistical difference, and the two one-sided t-test (TOST) for statistical equivalence.ResultsOnly UNICEF and GBD provided the most comprehensive prevalence estimates of disabilities in children and adolescents. Globally, UNICEF estimated that 28.9 million (4.3%) children aged 0–4 years, 207.4 million (12.5%) children aged 5–17 years and 236.4 million (10.1%) children aged 0–17 years have moderate-to-severe disabilities based on household surveys of child functional status. Using the UNICEF estimated prevalence of 10.1%, approximately 266 million children aged 0–19 years are expected to have moderate-to-severe disabilities. In contrast, GBD 2019 estimated that 49.8 million (7.5%) children aged under 5 years, 241.5 million (12.6%) children aged 5–19 years and 291.3 million (11.3%) children younger than 20 years have mild-to-severe disabilities. In both databases, Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia accounted for more than half of children with disabilities. A comparison of the UNICEF and GBD estimates showed that the overall mean prevalence estimates for children under 5 years were statistically different and not statistically equivalent based on ±3 percentage-point margin. However, the prevalence estimates for children 5–19 years and &lt; 20 years were not statistically different and were statistically equivalent.ConclusionPrevalence estimates of disabilities among children and adolescents generated using either functional approach or statistical modeling appear to be comparable and complementary. Improved alignment of the age-groups, thresholds of disability and the estimation process across databases, particularly among children under 5 years should be considered. Children and adolescents with disabilities will be well-served by a variety of complementary data sources to optimize their health and well-being as envisioned in the SDGs.
Psychiatrization in mental health care: The emergency department
Authors: Beeker Timo 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIn the light of high incidences of diagnosed mental disorders and the growing utilization of mental healthcare services, a progressing psychiatrization of society has been hypothesized as the underlying dynamic of these developments. Mental healthcare institutions, such as psychiatric hospitals, may play a decisive role in this. However, there is a scarcity of research into how psychiatrization emerges in hospital settings. This paper explores whether the emergency department (ED) can be considered as a site where psychiatrization happens, becomes observable, and which factors in the context of the ED may be its potential drivers.MethodsTwo cases as encountered in an interdisciplinary ED will be presented in the following in an anonymized way. Although the cases originate from individual consultations, they can be considered as prototypical. The cases were collected and discussed using the method of interactive interviewing. The results will be analyzed against the backdrop of current theoretic concepts of psychiatrization.FindingsThe ED can be seen as an important area of contact between society and psychiatry. Decisions whether to label a certain condition as a “mental disorder” and to therefore initiate psychiatric treatment, or not, can be highly difficult, especially in cases where the (health) concerns are rather moderate, and clearly associated with common life problems. Psychiatrists' decisions may be largely influenced in favor of psychiatrization by a wide array of disciplinary, institutional, interpersonal, personal, cultural, and social factors.ConclusionsThe ED appears to be a promising field for research into the mechanisms and motives through which psychiatrization may emerge in mental healthcare settings. Psychiatrists in the ED work within a complex sphere of top-down and bottom-up drivers of psychiatrization. Encounters in the ED can be an important step toward adequate support for many individuals, but they also risk becoming the starting point of psychiatrization by interpreting certain problems through the psychiatric gaze, which may induce diagnoses of questionable validity and treatment of little use.
The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma applicated in spinal fusion surgery: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Hongwei , Zhou Zhaohong , Yu Bin , Sun Tianwei , Tang Qiong , Jia Yutao 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the effect of the application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in spinal fusion surgery on the fusion rate of the spine.MethodsA comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct databases was conducted to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) or observational cohort studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of PRP in spinal fusion. Data on final fusion rate, changes in the visual analog scale (VAS), estimated blood loss (EBL), and operative time was collected from the eligible studies for meta-analysis. Patients were divided into PRP and non-PRP groups according to whether PRP was used during the spinal fusion procedure.ResultsAccording to the selection criteria, 4 randomized controlled trials and 8 cohort studies with 833 patients and 918 levels were included. The outcomes indicated that PRP application is associated with a lower fusion rat (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: (0.43, 0.89), P = 0.009) at final follow-up (&gt;24 months). Subgroup analysis showed a lower rate of spinal fusion in the PRP group compared to the non-PRP group (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: (0.21, 0.58), P &lt; 0.001) when spinal fusion was assessed using only anterior-posterior radiographs. When the bone graft material was a combination of autologous bone + artificial bone, the spinal fusion rate was lower in the PRP group than in the non-PRP group (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: (0.16, 0.71), P = 0.004). The PRP and non-PRP groups showed no significant differences in VAS changes at the 24th postoperative month (WMD = 0.36, 95% CI: (−0.37, 1.09), P = 0.33); Application of PRP does not reduce the estimated blood loss (WMD = −86.03, 95% CI: (−188.23, 16.17), P = 0.10). In terms of operation time, using PRP does not prolong operation time (WMD = −3.74, 95% CI: (−20.53, 13.04), P = 0.66).ConclusionCompared with bone graft fusion alone, PRP cannot increase the rate of spinal fusion. Inappropriate methods of spinal fusion assessment or mixing PRP with artificial/allograft bone may have been responsible for the lower rate of spinal fusion in the PRP group.Systematic Review Registrationdoi: 10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0055
Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia concurrent with acromegalic features: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Xiaojing , Li Naishi , Xie Yi , Zhu Liang , Li Ji , Gu Feng , Xiao Xinhua 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundNon-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare cause of hypoglycemia due to the overproduction of high molecular weight insulin-like growth factor (big-IGF2), which activates the insulin receptor and subsequently caused hypoglycemia. But NICTH with acromegaly had rarely been reported. We firstly reported a rare case of NICTH concurrent with acromegalic facial features induced by a retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma and reviewed similar cases in the literature.Case presentationA 30-year old man was admitted to hospital because of recurrent unconscious, which usually occurred in the late afternoon or early morning before supper or breakfast. On one unconscious occasion, his blood glucose was 2.4 mmol/L. His consciousness recovered rapidly with intravenous 50% glucose administration. Physical examination showed that he had coarse oily facial features with acne, prominent forehead and brow, broad nose, prominent nasolabial folds. At the time of hypoglycemia, suppressed serum insulin, GH and IGF-1 levels was found. Computed Tomography further revealed a large left retroperitoneal mass measuring 7.0 cm × 12.3 cm × 13.0 cm. He underwent complete surgical resection of the mass. Surgical pathology demonstrated a hemangiopericytoma and strong positive for IGF-2. He did not experience further episodes of hypoglycemia after the operation during the 2.5 years follow-up.ConclusionsFibrous origin is the most common tumor type for NICTH with acromegaly features. NICTH should be considered in non-diabetic patients who have recurrent hypoglycemia along with suppressed serum insulin and IGF-1 levels.
إجراءات فرض العقوبة الإنضباطية بحق العامل وفق قانون العمل العراقي رقم (37) لسنة 2015 - دراسة مقارنة مع قوانين العمل في كل من الجزائر والامارات العربية المتحدة وفرنسا
Authors: عباس منال , نعمان صبا 
Published: September 2022

تمثل إجراءات فرض العقوبة الانضباطية بحق العامل, الخطوات الواجبة الإتباع للتثبت مما نسب إلى العامل من خطأ تمهيدا لإتخاذ القرار بفرض العقوبة الإنضباطية عليه من حيث إجراءات مباشرتها أي منذ لحظة وقوع المخالفة التأديبية حتى الحكم فيها، وكذلك الحقوق والالتزامات والروابط القانونية المتولدة عن تلك الإجراءات, وتحكم تلك الإجراءات قواعد متعددة ومتفرقة, وهي تهدف في مجملها إلى ضبط عملية الانضباط وتحديد مسارها من خلال التقيد بما اورده القانون من قيود تنظم عملية فرضها, ولعل من اهم هذه الاجراءات والتي تشكل بحد ذاتها الضمانة الاكثر فاعلية لحماية العامل هو لزوم تحديد الجزاءات والمخالفات في قواعد انضباط مكتوبة, وكما ينبغي ان يكون توقيع الجزاء على العامل المخالف مسبوقا بمواجهة العامل بالتهم المنسوبة اليه, وكذلك اجراء التحقيق معه وسماع دفاعه مراعاة لمبدأ حق العامل المتهم تأديبيا بالدفاع عن نفسه وللتأكد من ان الجزاء الانضباطي له ما يبرره.
Pengaruh Terpaan Berita Vaksin Covid-19 di Kompas.com Terhadap Persepsi Vaksinasi di Kalangan Generasi Z
Authors: Giovanny Anisa , Kaligis Retor A.W. 
Published: September 2022

Media online Kompas.com sering mempublikasikan berita mengenai vaksin covid-19. Pembaca Kompas.com pun beragam, salah satunya adalah generasi Z. Dengan banyaknya berita vaksin covid-19 yang ditampilkan oleh Kompas.com, maka dapat memengaruhi persepsi pembacanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara terpaan berita vaksin dan persepsi tentang vaksinasi di kalangan generasi Z. Dengan menggunakan konsep terpaan dan persepsi, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian eksplanatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan memperoleh 100 responden yang merupakan generasi Z berdomisili di Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara terpaan berita dan persepsi, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 84%. Sedangkan berdasarkan koefisien determinasi juga didapatkan hasil bahwa terpaan berita vaksin memiliki pengaruh 71,6% terhadap persepsi dan sisanya sebesar 28,4% dipengaruhi faktor lain yang tidak dimasukan ke dalam penelitian ini.
Diagnóstico de Estrés Académico en Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Zambrano-Vélez Wilson Alexander , Tomalá-Chavarría Mónica Dolores 
Published: September 2022

El estrés se ha convertido en una cuestión de interés para los investigadores, por cuanto, sus efectos repercuten en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, siendo capaz de provocar angustia, ansiedad, trastornos psicológicos y desórdenes familiares e incluso sociales. La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo principal determinar el nivel de estrés académico en los estudiantes de la Carrera de Educación Inicial de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, periodo académico 2021-2. La investigación se fundamentó bajo el método deductivo, paradigma positivista con enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo-exploratorio, diseño no experimental y corte transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 30 estudiantes cuyas edades oscilan entre los 18 y 22 años. En la recolección de datos utilizó como técnica una encuesta, mediante, un cuestionario de preguntas semiestructuradas con el propósito de determinar el nivel de estrés académico de los estudiantes. La confiabilidad del instrumento se midió a través coeficiente de Cronbach determinando un valor de 0,841. Los resultados más relevantes indican la existencia de un nivel significativo de estrés académico en los estudiantes universitarios acompañado de una sintomatología física-psicológica manifestada en alteraciones en los ciclos de sueño, dolor de cabeza, tensión muscular, ansiedad e irritabilidad. Conclusión: a medida que los estudiantes avanzan en sus estudios el nivel de estrés aumenta; sin embargo, tienen un mejor manejo de los síntomas debido a la práctica de actividades recreativas y organizan adecuada del tiempo.