bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morningness‐Eveningness Preference, Time Perspective, and Passage of Time Judgments
Authors: Beracci Alessia , Fabbri Marco , Martoni Monica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent studies have shown that making accurate passage of time judgments (POTJs) for long‐time intervals is an important cognitive ability. Different temporal domains, such as circadian typology (biological time) and time perspective (psychological time), could have an effect on subjective POTJs, but few studies have investigated the reciprocal influences among these temporal domains. The present study is the first systematic attempt to fill this gap. A sample of 222 participants (53.20% females; 19–60 years) filled in the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory for the measurement of time perspective, the reduced version of the Morningness‐Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) for chronotypes, and an ad‐hoc questionnaire assessing sleep habits during weekdays and the weekend (for social jetlag). The POTJ was measured using a modified version of a pictorial timeline presented at five different moments. Also, participants judged how different temporal expressions were related to the past, present, and future along a 7‐point Likert scale. After confirming the association between eveningness and present‐hedonism orientation and morningness and future‐orientation, we found that evening‐types produced higher scores for future expressions. The subjective POTJ expressed in minutes was predicted by Deviation from Balanced Time (DBTP), present‐fatalism orientation, and social jetlag. Finally, the rMEQ score, past‐positive orientation, and DBTP predicted the difference between subjective and objective POT. The results are discussed offering an explanation in terms of the interconnections between circadian typology, individual time perspective, and the sense of the POT, suggesting the multicomponent nature of the concept of time.
Plentiful melanin pigment containing histiocyte‐like cells in Coats disease: Awareness avoids diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Shastri Malvika , Kundu Reetu , Singh Simar Rajan , Gupta Vishali , Rana Vipin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoats disease is an exudative retinal vasculopathy characterised by presence of yellow‐golden deposits in the retina and retinal detachment. Subretinal fluid drainage performed as a part of therapeutic management makes the fluid amenable to cytological examination. Infection by Toxoplasma may closely simulate the ocular symptoms seen in Coats disease. Awareness of the cytological findings in Coats disease helps to clinch accurate diagnosis. We herein present a case of Coats disease with many histiocyte‐like cells with plentiful intracytoplasmic melanin pigment in cytology smears from subretinal fluid, where cytological diagnosis was challenging and a correct diagnosis was made with the aid of ancillary techniques.
Experiment and simulation of high‐cycle corrosion fatigue damage evolution and corrosion pit tolerance analysis of crack nucleation
Authors: Yu Yanqun , Huang Xiaoguang , Wang Yichao , Yang Zhicheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on the elasto‐plastic damage constitutive model, a continuum nonlinear damage evolution model for the high‐cycle corrosion fatigue of the API X65 pipeline steel is proposed. Firstly, a series of experiments are carried out to determine the corrosion fatigue damage parameters of X65 steel in the artificial seawater, then the corrosion fatigue damage model is used in the finite element (FE) analysis to predict the crack nucleation life of high‐cycle corrosion fatigue. In order to consider the influence of corrosion pit on the crack nucleation of corrosion fatigue, a user‐subroutine UMESHMOTION provided by the general software ABAQUS is used to construct a numerical model of damage evolution with the corrosion pit effect considered on the API X65 steel. Numerical results show that the numerical model considering the effect of damage and corrosion pit can better predict the crack nucleation life of the API X65 steel than that considering only the damage effect.
Evaluation of small‐scale yielding boundary using digital image correlation results
Authors: Vasco‐Olmo Jose M. , Díaz Francisco A. , Neto Diogo M. , Sérgio Edmundo R. , Antunes Fernando V. , James M. Neil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, the boundaries of small‐scale yielding (SSY) and large‐scale yielding (LSY) have been experimentally evaluated from the analysis of crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) measured by digital image correlation (DIC). According to a previous numerical work, the ratio between the elastic CTOD range and the total CTOD range (Δδe/Δδt) defines the boundaries of SSY conditions and LSY. Three materials have been studied, commercially pure titanium and 2024‐T3 and 7050‐T6 aluminum alloys, tested at different stress ratio values. SSY conditions are shown to dominate when Δδe/Δδt ≥ 79% and ≥78% for titanium and the two aluminum alloys, respectively. In addition, LSY can be established when Δδe/Δδt ≤ 66.3% and ≤67.2% for titanium and for 2024‐T3 and 7050‐T6 aluminum alloys, respectively. Transition or LSY conditions are more probable in fatigue tests conducted at low R ratio and for crack lengths above 40% with respect to the width of the specimen.
Interest in dentistry in early months of the COVID‐19 global pandemic: A Google Trends approach
Authors: Bağcı Nuray , Peker Ilkay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn early the COVID‐19 pandemic, routine dental treatments have been delayed due to the risk of disease transmission. This delay may lead public to search for information on the Internet for a solution.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the public interest in dentistry in the early months of the COVID‐19 global pandemic in the selected countries.MethodsThe daily numbers of new COVID‐19 cases were recorded for China, South Korea, Italy, Germany, Russia, Ukraine and Turkey. For these countries, Internet search interest of the keyword ‘dentistry’, ‘coronavirus’, ‘COVID‐19’, ‘SARS‐CoV‐2’ and ‘pandemic’ in the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic was evaluated by using Google Trends data.ResultsIn most countries included the public Internet search interest in ‘dentistry+coronavirus+COVID‐19+SARS‐CoV‐2+pandemic’ peaked prior to the peak of new COVID‐19 cases. While a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the number of new cases and Google Trends data in China, South Korea, Italy and Germany, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed in Turkey.ConclusionThe peak public interest in dentistry has been prior to the peak of COVID‐19 new cases in most countries. The use of Internet data can provide useful information about pandemics and many other diseases.
An exploration of New Zealand mental health nurses’ personal physical activities
Authors: Philbrick Glen , Sheridan Nicolette Fay , McCauley Kay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the physical activities of Mental Health Nurses (MHN) in New Zealand against the 2018 World Health Organization recommended minimum levels of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity. The research design was exploratory and descriptive as there were no previous studies about physical activity levels of MHNs in New Zealand. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, Long Version) which included options for free‐text responses. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A total of 266 participants returned the survey, a response rate of 4%, and a limitation of the study. More than 50% of MHNs reported <150 min of moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise per week for each of the four physical activity domains. When individual physical activity domains were combined, only 10% spent <150 min on moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity. Work‐related physical activities were higher for those working in the inpatient area than in community settings. Transport‐related physical activities were higher for those working in community settings. Participants registered from 6 to 20 years had more time sitting than other groups. Nurses aged 55 years and above showed the highest total physical activity levels. Moreover, healthcare organizations and nurse leaders need to promote physical activity and provide wellness intervention for their staff. Nurses who are physically active may be more effective in supporting their patients to increase their physical activity.
Thermal and electrical properties of a high entropy carbide (Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr) at elevated temperatures
Authors: Schwind Evan C. , Reece Michael J. , Castle Elinor , Fahrenholtz William G. , Hilmas Gregory E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe thermal and electrical properties were measured for a high entropy carbide ceramic, consisting of (Hf, Ta, Zr, Nb)C. The ceramic was produced by spark plasma sintering a mixture of the monocarbides and had a relative density of more than 97.6%. The resulting ceramic was chemically homogeneous as a single‐phase solid solution formed from the constituent carbides. The thermal diffusivity (0.045–0.087 cm2/s) and heat capacity (0.23–0.44 J/g•K) were measured from room temperature up to 2000°C. The thermal conductivity increased from 10.7 W/m•K at room temperature to 39.9 W/m•K at 2000°C. The phonon and electron contributions to the thermal conductivity were investigated, which showed that the increase in thermal conductivity was predominantly due to the electron contribution, while the phonon contribution was independent of temperature. The electrical resistivity increased from 80.9 μΩ•cm at room temperature to 114.1 μΩ•cm at 800°C.
Exploring the victim offender overlap among people with an intellectual disability
Authors: Anstis Sophie , Thomas Stuart D. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile there is growing international evidence pointing to the increased risks of crime perpetration and victimisation for some people with an intellectual disability, the overlap between offending and victimisation (the victim‐offender overlap) remains unclear.MethodThis study utilised a data linkage methodology of 2600 people with an intellectual disability, exploring their contacts with public mental health services and the police in Victoria, Australia.ResultsVictim‐offenders accounted for a small proportion of the sample (n = 148, 5.7%). The victim‐offender overlap was evident for both violent and nonviolent nonsexual crimes, particularly for theft, burglary, and threat‐related crimes. Key differences were also noted between males and females.ConclusionsPeople with an intellectual disability who are both victim and offenders comprise a small but particularly complex justice‐involved population. Future research should explore the victim offender overlap for males and females separately, as well as any additional risks and vulnerabilities associated with specific mental health diagnoses.
Challenging a host–pathogen paradigm: Susceptibility to chytridiomycosis is decoupled from genetic erosion
Authors: Smith Donal , O'Brien David , Hall Jeanette , Sergeant Chris , Brookes Lola M. , Harrison Xavier A. , Garner Trenton W. J. , Jehle Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe putatively positive association between host genetic diversity and the ability to defend against pathogens has long attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists. Chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has emerged in recent decades as a cause of dramatic declines and extinctions across the amphibian clade. Bd susceptibility can vary widely across populations of the same species, but the relationship between standing genetic diversity and susceptibility has remained notably underexplored so far. Here, we focus on a putatively Bd‐naive system of two mainland and two island populations of the common toad (Bufo bufo) at the edge of the species’ range and use controlled infection experiments and dd‐RAD sequencing of >10 000 SNPs across 95 individuals to characterize the role of host population identity, genetic variation and individual body mass in mediating host response to the pathogen. We found strong genetic differentiation between populations and marked variation in their susceptibility to Bd. This variation was not, however, governed by isolation‐mediated genetic erosion, and individual heterozygosity was even found to be negatively correlated with survival. Individual survival during infection experiments was strongly positively related to body mass, which itself was unrelated to population of origin or heterozygosity. Our findings underscore the general importance of context‐dependency when assessing the role of host genetic variation for the ability of defence against pathogens.
Machine learning‐assisted industrial symbiosis: Testing the ability of word vectors to estimate similarity for material substitutions
Authors: Davis Chris , Aid Graham 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA challenge of facilitating industrial symbiosis involves identifying novel uses of waste streams that can satisfy the demands of other industries. For these efforts, a variety of characteristics must often be considered. A mine of relevant knowledge has been gathered in resources such as academic journals and patent databases. However, in looking to harness the potential of such data to support facilitation, compiling information on expansive ranges of material properties and technical requirements from a variety of unstructured sources can pose a significant manual effort. To ameliorate this, we demonstrate and evaluate an automated system that, given a large collection of patents and academic articles related to waste valorization, is able to assist with the process of identifying which waste streams could potentially be used as substitute feedstocks. Instead of aiming to measure (potentially thousands of) material properties directly, we use word correlations as a proxy to reflect “common knowledge.” Novel in furthering this approach is the application of word vectors, which have emerged as a promising natural language processing tool. The process employs a machine learning approach where words are represented as high‐dimensional vectors which encode latent features related to words that often appear around it. When this approach is assessed by comparing its suggestions to documented cases, the use of vectors shows potential to incorporate latent information in data‐based explorations. Further research into how this approach compares, and could be integrated with, established symbiosis development practices will be key to understanding its full potential and drawbacks.
The effect of decision support systems on pain in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sezgin Merve Gozde , Bektas Hicran 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to systematically examine the effect of decision support systems (DSSs) applied to patients with cancer on pain severity.Review methodsSystematic review and meta‐analysis. A search was done on Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost/CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Springer Link, Cochrane Library, and Ovid databases, which covered a period until September 2021. Meta‐analysis of the data was conducted on the CMA 3 software package. Comprehensive reviews were conducted by two independent researchers in line with the PICOS criteria. The study was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist.FindingsFive randomized controlled trials with 1.880 participants were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. In the study, visits, consultations, simulation of patient outcomes, telephone support, and email applications were employed for periods ranging from 6 weeks to 6 months. The evaluation of the meta‐analysis results indicated that DSSs had positive effects on pain severity in patients with cancer (Hedge's g = 0.22; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of this systematic review and meta‐analysis show that DSSs can be used as an effective and comfortable technological application in reducing the severity of pain in patients with cancer.Clinical relevanceThe use of DSSs for pain severity in patients with cancer is an effective method. In line with the findings of this systematic review and meta‐analysis, awareness and knowledge levels of all health disciplines about DSSs will increase. It is believed that the use of DSSs to improve patient‐centered care will be guiding.
The moral economy of defence of territory and the political economy of extractivism in the Polochic valley, Guatemala
Authors: Konforti Lazar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince the turn of the 21st century, sugarcane, oil palm, and nickel mining have transformed the Polochic valley lowlands in northeastern Guatemala. These industries have been met with different forms of resistance from local indigenous Q'eqchi' agrarian communities operating under the banner of “defence of territory” (DOT). In this paper, I argue that the concept of moral economy can help understand why the arrival of different (agro)extractive industries were met with different levels of resistance by Q'eqchi' communities. The key elements of the local moral economy that informs DOT in the Polochic lowlands are customary territorial practices, paternalistic class relationships, and rising livelihood expectations. The degree to which this moral economy was violated by different industries helps explain variegated responses and outcomes, particularly why sugarcane company Chabil Utzaj was met with widespread and sustained resistance that ultimately led to its decision to cease operations. This moral economy was itself shaped by previous cycles of agrarian change and continues to shape present‐day political contestation.
Influence of sleep bruxism on QTc interval and QT variability in patients with OSA: A pilot study
Authors: Zhong Zhijun , Li Qi , Zou Xueliang , Ouyang Qian , Zeng Qinghong , Hu Yinyin , Wang Mengmeng , Luo Yaxing , Yao Dongyuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increases in QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc interval) and QT variability index (QTVI) and sleep bruxism (SB) is prevalent in OSA patients.ObjectivesTo examine whether QTc interval and QT variability were changed during episodes of rhythmic masticatory muscle activities (RMMAs)/SB in SB patients with and without OSA.MethodsThe RR and QTc intervals, and QTVI during RMMAs with or without accompanied limb movements (RMMAs/LMs) in 10 normal controls and 10 SB patients without OSA and during apneic and recovery periods of OSA in 10 SB patients with OSA were analysed.ResultsIn the SB patients without OSA and controls, QTc intervals and QTVI were significantly increased during RMMAs/LMs compared with those during the 10 s periods (from 10th to 20th s) before the onset and after the offset of RMMAs/LMs, and significantly increased during RMMAs/LMs with awakenings compared with those with microarousals and no arousals. In addition, QTc interval and QTVI were positively correlated with the duration of RMMAs/LMs. Moreover, in the SB patients with OSA, QTc interval and QTVI during the recovery period of OSA events were significantly longer and higher than those during the apneic period regardless of accompanied RMMAs/LMs, and QTc interval and QTVI during the apneic and recovery periods accompanied with RMMAs/LMs were significantly longer and higher than those without accompanied RMMAs/LMs.ConclusionOSA and RMMAs/LMs events were associated with longer QTc intervals and higher QTVI, and RMMAs/LMs might contribute to these changes associated with OSA events accompanied with RMMAs/LMs.
Lipoprotein profile of pleural and peritoneal transudates in dogs and cats
Authors: Alonso Flavio H. , Behling‐Kelly Erica , Borjesson Dori L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent diagnostic evaluation of transudative effusions rarely aids in identifying an underlying etiology. Lipoproteins in the fluid might reflect the site or nature of vessel involvement.ObjectivesImprove the classification and diagnostic utility of pleural and peritoneal transudates in dogs and cats by investigating lipoprotein patterns in effusions. Compare these patterns with other peritonaeal and pleural fluid variables and underlying diseases.AnimalsSamples of transudates and serum from 18 cats and 37 dogs with transudative effusion (total nucleated cell count [TNCC] <5000 cells/μL) were analyzed.MethodsLipoprotein fractions, triglyceride, and cholesterol (CHO) concentrations were prospectively determined in paired fluid and serum samples. Standard fluid measurements were retrospectively collected.ResultsTwo distinct fluid lipoprotein patterns were noted. Fluids rich in VLDL+IDL were associated with chronic kidney disease, acquired portosystemic shunts or protein‐losing enteropathy (group I). Fluids rich in denser lipoproteins were associated with underlying heart disease, caudal vena cava syndrome or intracavitary neoplasia (group II). Group I and group II also had significant differences between fluid concentrations of CHO (x̄ = 8 vs 110 mg/dL) and TP (x̄ = 0.6 vs 3.8 g/dL), respectively. Five peritoneal transudates were triglyceride‐rich (>100 mg/dL) and associated with pancreatitis.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceProtein‐poor (TP <1.5 g/dL) and protein‐rich (TP >2.5 g/dL) transudates were associated with distinct lipoprotein patterns and specific groups of disease. Effusions secondary to pancreatitis might be transudative and rich in triglycerides.
Genetic examination of historical North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) bone specimens from the eastern North Atlantic: Insights into species history, transoceanic population structure, and genetic diversity
Authors: Frasier Brenna A. , Springate Leah , Frasier Timothy R. , Brewington Seth , Carruthers Martin , Edvardsson Ragnar , Harrison Ramona , Kitchener Andrew C. , Mainland Ingrid , Szabo Vicki E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSpecies monitoring and conservation is increasingly challenging under current climate change scenarios. For the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) this challenge is heightened by the added effects of complicated and uncertain past species demography. Right whales once had a much wider distribution across the North Atlantic Ocean, although the degree to which right whales in the western and eastern North Atlantic were genetically isolated remains unknown. We analyzed DNA from 24 4th–20th century (CE) right whale bone specimens that were collected from 10 historical and archaeological sites in Iceland, the Faroe Islands, and Scotland. Following mtDNA species identification, we obtained 15‐locus nuclear microsatellite profiles from a subset of eight specimens and compared these to contemporary data from animals remaining in the western North Atlantic population. While some specimens share mtDNA haplotypes with the contemporary population, several new haplotypes were found. Moderate mtDNA and nuclear differentiation between the two regions was identified (mtDNA: FST = 0.0423, ΦST = 0.041; nuclear DNA: FST = 0.024). Interpretation of the relationships between animals in the two regions is not simple, and this research highlights the difficulty in conducting such assessments in species with complex histories of unknown structure prior to extensive exploitation.