bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine fungal metabolite butyrolactone I prevents cognitive deficits by relieving inflammation and intestinal microbiota imbalance on aluminum trichloride-injured zebrafish
Authors: Nie Yingying , Yang Jingming , Zhou Longjian , Yang Zhiyou , Liang Jinyue , Liu Yayue , Ma Xiaoxiang , Qian Zhongji , Hong Pengzhi , Kalueff Allan V. , Song Cai , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Mounting evidences indicate that oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and dysregulation of gut microbiota are related to neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Butyrolactone I (BTL-I), a marine fungal metabolite, was previously reported as an in vitro neuroprotectant and inflammation inhibitor. However, little is known regarding its in vivo effects, whereas zebrafish (Danio rerio) could be used as a convenient in vivo model of toxicology and central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Methods
Here, we employed in vivo and in silico methods to investigate the anti-NDs potential of BTL-I. Specifically, we established a cognitive deficit model in zebrafish by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) (21 μg) and assessed their behaviors in the T-maze test. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity or glutathione (GSH) levels were assayed 24 h after AlCl3 injection. The intestinal flora variation of the zebrafish was investigated by 16S rDNA high-throughput analysis. The marine fungal metabolite, butyrolactone I (BTL-I), was used to modulate zebrafish cognitive deficits evoked by AlCl3 and evaluated about its effects on the above inflammatory, cholinergic, oxidative stress, and gut floral indicators. Furthermore, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and drug-likeness properties of BTL-I were studied by the in silico tool ADMETlab.

Results
BTL-I dose-dependently ameliorated AlCl3-induced cognitive deficits in zebrafish. While AlCl3 treatment elevated the levels of central and peripheral proinflammatory cytokines, increased AChE activity, and lowered GSH in the brains of zebrafish, these effects, except GSH reduction, were reversed by 25–100 mg/kg BTL-I administration. Besides, 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing of the intestinal flora of zebrafish showed that AlCl3 decreased Gram-positive bacteria and increased proinflammatory Gram-negative bacteria, while BTL-I contributed to maintaining the predominance of beneficial Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, the in silico analysis indicated that BTL-I exhibits acceptable drug-likeness and ADMET profiles.

Conclusions
The present findings suggest that BTL-I is a potential therapeutic agent for preventing CNS deficits caused by inflammation, neurotoxicity, and gut flora imbalance.
Identifying the factors affecting ‘patient engagement’ in exercise rehabilitation
Authors: Teo Junsheng L. , Zheng Zhen , Bird Stephen R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the proven benefits of exercise rehabilitation for numerous health conditions, musculoskeletal injuries and recovery from surgery, patient adherence to such programs is reported to often be less than 35%. Increasing patient engagement therefore has the potential to improve patient health outcomes, benefiting the patient, their carers and the services that support them. The aims of this review were to identify the factors that contribute to ‘patient’ engagement in prescribed exercise rehabilitation using the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation-behaviour) framework of behavioural analysis.

Methods
Five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched. ‘COM-B’ was the key word searched for specifically within titles and abstracts, combined with either ‘physical activity’ OR ‘exercise’ included using the ‘AND’ operation. Records were then filtered and excluded following full-text screening based on the predetermined eligibility criteria.

Results
Twenty studies were included in the review. The main COM-B themes highlighted for improving patient engagement were: capability—improving patient knowledge and cognitive skills for behavioural regulation, such as ‘action planning’ and ‘action control’, which could also benefit time-management; opportunity—a balanced life situation that enabled time to be devoted to the exercise program, social support, easily accessible and affordable resources and services; and motivation—increasing patient levels of self-efficacy and autonomous motivation, which were noted to be influenced by levels of perceived ‘capability’, additionally ‘motivation’ was noted to be influenced by patients perceiving the benefits of the exercise, and adherence to the program was promoted by ‘goal-setting’. Other issues in the ‘capability’ domain included a fear and/or dislike of exercise.

Conclusion
Patient engagement behavior has been shown to be influenced by both external (opportunity) and intrapersonal variables (capability and motivation). Those prescribing exercises within a rehabilitation program need to discuss these factors with their patients and co-design the exercise rehabilitation program in partnership with the patient, since this is likely to improve patient engagement, and thereby result in superior health outcomes. Furthermore, these factors need to be a consideration in clinical trials, if the findings from such trials are to translate into mainstream healthcare settings.
Cholinergic receptor binding in unimpaired older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease dementia
Authors: Sultzer David L. , Lim Aaron C. , Gordon Hailey L. , Yarns Brandon C. , Melrose Rebecca J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Cholinergic neurotransmitter system dysfunction contributes to cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease and other syndromes. However, the specific cholinergic mechanisms and brain structures involved, time course of alterations, and relationships with specific cognitive deficits are not well understood.

Methods
This study included 102 older adults: 42 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 28 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 32 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Each participant underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Regional brain α4β2 nicotinic cholinergic receptor binding (VT/fp) was measured using 2-[18F]fluoro-3-(2(S)azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (2FA) and PET imaging. Voxel-wise analyses of group differences were performed. Relationships between receptor binding and cognition, age, and cholinesterase inhibitor medication use were assessed using binding values in six prespecified regions of interest.

Results
SPM analysis showed the group VT/fp binding differences in the bilateral entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, insula, anterior cingulate, thalamus, and basal ganglia (p < .05, FWE-corrected). Pairwise comparisons revealed lower binding in the AD group compared to the CU group in similar regions. Binding in the entorhinal cortex was lower in the MCI group than in the CU group; binding in the hippocampus was lower in the AD group than in the MCI group. AD participants taking cholinesterase inhibitor medication had lower 2FA binding in the bilateral hippocampus and thalamus compared to those not taking medication. In the CU group, age was negatively associated with 2FA binding in each region of interest (rs = − .33 to − .59, p < .05 for each, uncorrected). Attention, immediate recall, and delayed recall scores were inversely associated with 2FA binding in most regions across the full sample. In the combined group of CU and MCI participants, attention was inversely associated with 2FA binding in most regions, beyond the effect of hippocampal volume.

Conclusions
Nicotinic cholinergic receptor binding in specific limbic and subcortical regions is lower in MCI and further reduced in AD dementia, compared to CU older adults, and is related to cognitive deficits. Cognitive decline with age may be a consequence of reduced cholinergic receptor density or binding affinity that may also promote vulnerability to other Alzheimer’s processes. Contemporary modification of the “cholinergic deficit” of aging and AD may reveal opportunities to prevent or improve clinical symptoms.
Using low-fix rate GPS telemetry to expand estimates of ungulate reproductive success
Authors: Hooven Nathan D. , Williams Kathleen E. , Hast John T. , McDermott Joseph R. , Crank R. Daniel , Jenkins Gabe , Springer Matthew T. , Cox John J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Population parameters such as reproductive success are critical for sustainably managing ungulate populations, however obtaining these data is often difficult, expensive, and invasive. Movement-based methods that leverage Global Positioning System (GPS) relocation data to identify parturition offer an alternative to more invasive techniques such as vaginal implant transmitters, but thus far have only been applied to relocation data with a relatively fine (one fix every  < 8 h) temporal resolution. We employed a machine learning method to classify parturition/calf survival in cow elk in southeastern Kentucky, USA, using 13-h GPS relocation data and three simple movement metrics, training a random forest on cows that successfully reared their calf to a week old.

Results
We developed a decision rule based upon a predicted probability threshold across individual cow time series, accurately classifying 89.5% (51/57) of cows with a known reproductive status. When used to infer status of cows whose reproductive outcome was unknown, we classified 48.6% (21/38) as successful, compared to 85.1% (40/47) of known-status cows.

Conclusions
While our approach was limited primarily by fix acquisition success, we demonstrated that coarse collar fix rates did not limit inference if appropriate movement metrics are chosen. Movement-based methods for determining parturition in ungulates may allow wildlife managers to extract more vital rate information from GPS collars even if technology and related data quality are constrained by cost.
Study protocol: cluster randomized trial of consultation strategies for the sustainment of mental health interventions in under-resourced urban schools: rationale, design, and methods
Authors: Eiraldi Ricardo , McCurdy Barry L. , Khanna Muniya S. , Wolk Courtney Benjamin , Glick Henry A. , Rabenau-McDonnell Quinn A. , Comly Rachel , Rutherford Laura E. , Banks Jayme , Rufe Steven A. , Popkin Kristina M. , Wilson Tara , Henson Kathryn , Wandersman Abraham , Jawad Abbas F. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The school is a key setting for the provision of mental health services to children, particularly those underserved through traditional service delivery systems. School-wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) is a tiered approach to service delivery based on the public health model that schools use to implement universal (Tier 1) supports to improve school climate and safety. As our prior research has demonstrated, PBIS is a useful vehicle for implementing mental and behavioral health evidence-based practices (EBPs) at Tier 2 for children with, or at risk for, mental health disorders. Very little research has been conducted regarding the use of mental health EBPs at Tier 2 or how to sustain implementation in schools.

Methods/design
The main aim of the study is to compare fidelity, penetration, cost-effectiveness, and student outcomes of Tier 2 mental health interventions across 2 sustainment approaches for school implementers in 12 K-8 schools. The study uses a 2-arm, cluster randomized controlled trial design. The two arms are: (a) Preparing for Sustainment (PS)—a consultation strategy implemented by school district coaches who receive support from external consultants, and (b) Sustainment as Usual (SAU)—a consultation strategy implemented by school district coaches alone. Participants will be 60 implementers and 360 students at risk for externalizing and anxiety disorders. The interventions implemented by school personnel are: Coping Power Program (CPP) for externalizing disorders, CBT for Anxiety Treatment in Schools (CATS) for anxiety disorders, and Check-in/Check-out (CICO) for externalizing and internalizing disorders. The Interactive Systems Framework (ISF) for Dissemination and Implementation guides the training and support procedures for implementers.

Discussion
We expect that this study will result in a feasible, effective, and cost-effective strategy for sustaining mental health EBPs that is embedded within a multi-tiered system of support. Results from this study conducted in a large urban school district would likely generalize to other large, urban districts and have an impact on population-level child mental health.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number NCT04869657. Registered May 3, 2021.
Feasibility of a birth-cohort in Pakistan: evidence for better lives study
Authors: Anwer Yasmeen , Abbasi Fahad , Dar Ariba , Hafeez Abdullah , Valdebenito Sara , Eisner Manuel , Sikander Siham , Hafeez Assad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence for Better Lives Study Foundational Research (EBLS-FR) is a preliminary endeavor to establish the feasibility of a global birth cohort, and within this feasibility study, piloting the research instrument, with participants from eight lower middle-income countries across the globe. It aims to investigate mediators and moderators of child development and wellbeing; it envisages informing policy and practice change to promote child health and wellbeing globally. Pakistan is one of the resource poor lower middle-income country (LMIC) taking part in this global birth cohort; we report the feasibility of establishing such a birth cohort in Pakistan.

Method
From March 2019 to July 2019, 153 third trimester pregnant women were identified, using community health worker registers, and approached for baseline demographics and a number of maternal wellbeing, mental health, support-related information, and stress-related biomarkers from bio-samples in a peri-urban area of Islamabad Capital Territory. One hundred fifty of these women gave consent and participated in the study. From October 2019 to December 2019, we re-contacted and were able to follow 121 of these women in the 8–24 weeks postnatal period. All interviews were done after obtaining informed consent and data were collected electronically.

Results
One hundred fifty (98.0%) third trimester pregnant women consented and were successfully interviewed, 111 (74.0%) provided bio-samples and 121 (80.6%) were followed up postnatally. Their mean age and years of schooling was 27.29 (SD = 5.18) and 7.77 (SD = 4.79) respectively. A majority (82.3%) of the participants were housewives. Nearly a tenth were first time mothers. Ninety-two (61.3%) of the women reported current pregnancy to have been unplanned. Overall wellbeing and mental health were reported to be poor (WHO-5 mean scores 49.41 (SD = 32.20) and PHQ-9 mean scores 8.23 (SD = 7.0)). Thirty-eight (21.8%) of the women reported four or more adverse childhood experiences; 46 (31.3%) reported intimate partner violence during their current pregnancy. During the postnatal follow up visits, 72 (58.0%) of the women reported breastfeeding their infants.

Conclusion
The foundational research demonstrated that Pakistan site could identify, approach, interview, and follow up women and children postnatally, with a high response rates for both the follow up visits and bio-samples. Therefore, a future larger-scale pregnancy birth cohort study in Pakistan is feasible.
Cryptocurrency trading: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Fang Fan , Ventre Carmine , Basios Michail , Kanthan Leslie , Martinez-Rego David , Wu Fan , Li Lingbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the tendency of the number of financial institutions to include cryptocurrencies in their portfolios has accelerated. Cryptocurrencies are the first pure digital assets to be included by asset managers. Although they have some commonalities with more traditional assets, they have their own separate nature and their behaviour as an asset is still in the process of being understood. It is therefore important to summarise existing research papers and results on cryptocurrency trading, including available trading platforms, trading signals, trading strategy research and risk management. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of cryptocurrency trading research, by covering 146 research papers on various aspects of cryptocurrency trading (e.g., cryptocurrency trading systems, bubble and extreme condition, prediction of volatility and return, crypto-assets portfolio construction and crypto-assets, technical trading and others). This paper also analyses datasets, research trends and distribution among research objects (contents/properties) and technologies, concluding with some promising opportunities that remain open in cryptocurrency trading.
Emerging roles of inflammation-mediated endothelial–mesenchymal transition in health and disease
Authors: Yoshimatsu Yasuhiro , Watabe Tetsuro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEndothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a cellular differentiation process in which endothelial cells (ECs) lose their properties and differentiate into mesenchymal cells, has been observed not only during development but also in various pathological states in adults, including cancer progression and organ/tissue fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an inflammation-related cytokine, has been shown to play central roles in the induction of EndoMT. TGF-β induces EndoMT by regulating the expression of various transcription factors, signaling molecules, and cellular components that confer ECs with mesenchymal characteristics. However, TGF-β by itself is not necessarily sufficient to induce EndoMT to promote the progression of EndoMT-related diseases to a refractory extent. In addition to TGF-β, additional activation by other inflammatory factors is often required to stabilize the progression of EndoMT. Since recent lines of evidence indicate that inflammatory signaling molecules act as enhancers of EndoMT, we summarize the roles of inflammatory factors in the induction of EndoMT and related diseases. We hope that this review will help to develop therapeutic strategies for EndoMT-related diseases by targeting inflammation-mediated EndoMT.
Bhutanese science teachers’ perceptions of the nature of science: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dorji Karma , Jatsho Sherab , Choden Pem , Tshering Pema 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigated Bhutanese science teachers’ conceptions of the nature of science (NOS). The study recruited 225 Bhutanese science teachers based on convenient and snowball sampling techniques. The data was collected using the Myths of Science Questionnaire (MOSQ). The MOSQ was designed on Google Forms and administered through the online survey mode. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics in terms of the measure of frequency supported by science teachers’ open-ended written responses, Independent Sample t-test, and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Findings from descriptive statistics showed that Bhutanese science teachers considerably lacked clear understanding of the NOS in terms of scientific knowledge, scientific method, scientists’ work, and scientific enterprise. The Independent Sample t-test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Bhutanese male and female science teachers’ perceptions of the NOS with p > .05. The One-way ANOVA test revealed statistically significant differences amongst Bhutanese science teachers’ perceptions of the NOS based on their academic qualifications with p < .05. The Tukey Post-hoc test, however, revealed that Bhutanese science teachers’ perceptions of the NOS based on academic qualifications was significant only between teachers with postgraduate diploma and doctor of philosophy.
The Moroccan dialect version of the Insomnia Severity Index
Authors: Oneib Bouchra , El Filali Abdelilah , Abda Naima 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The objective of the present study was to translate and linguistically validate in Moroccan dialect the original English version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The translation and adaptation of this scale are obtained by using the process forward translations and backward translations. The participants filled out the final questionnaire two times with an interval of 10 days. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient assesses the acceptability and internal reliability. As for the test-retest reproducibility, we used the inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (95% confidence interval (CI)) and the kappa coefficient, as well as the convergent validity for each scale.

Results
The sample included 120 subjects, 49 men (40.8%) and 71 women (59.2%). The mean age of participants was 29.23 ± 6.69 years. The translated version was quite acceptable. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.83. The CCI (95% CI) was 0.99 (0.989, 0.995), while the kappa coefficient was 0.76. The correlations between the items of each questionnaire and its score showed good to strong positive correlations.

Conclusions
These results concluded that psychometric properties are adequate compared to the original version. Thus, this translated version had to be used for the sleep assessment in the Moroccan population.
Impact of early intervention on the population prevalence of common mental disorders: 20-year prospective study
Authors: Moran Paul , Moreno-Betancur Margarita , Coffey Carolyn , Spry Elizabeth A. , Patton George C. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe potential for early interventions to reduce the later prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) first experienced in adolescence is unclear.AimsTo examine the course of CMD and evaluate the extent to which the prevalence of CMD could be reduced by preventing adolescent CMD, or by intervening to change four young adult processes, between the ages of 20 and 29 years, that could be mediating the link between adolescent and adult disorder.MethodThis was a prospective cohort study of 1923 Australian participants assessed repeatedly from adolescence (wave 1, mean age 14 years) to adulthood (wave 10, mean age 35 years). Causal mediation analysis was undertaken to evaluate the extent to which the prevalence of CMD at age 35 years in those with adolescent CMD could be reduced by either preventing adolescent CMD, or by intervening on four young adult mediating processes: the occurrence of young adult CMD, frequent cannabis use, parenting a child by age 24 years, and engagement in higher education and employment.ResultsAt age 35, 19.2% of participants reported CMD; a quarter of these participants experienced CMD during both adolescence and young adulthood. In total, 49% of those with CMD during both adolescence and young adulthood went on to report CMD at age 35 years. Preventing adolescent CMD reduced the population prevalence at age 35 years by 3.9%. Intervening on all four young adult processes among those with adolescent CMD, reduced this prevalence by 1.6%.ConclusionsIn this Australian cohort, a large proportion of adolescent CMD resolved by adulthood, and by age 35 years, the largest proportion of CMD emerged among individuals without prior CMD. Time-limited, early intervention in those with earlier adolescent disorder is unlikely to substantially reduce the prevalence of CMD in midlife.
New symmetry in higher curvature spacetimes
Authors: Garat Alcides 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
New symmetries have been found in Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes. New symmetries have also been found in imperfect fluid curved spacetimes. We will prove in this paper that we can extend these symmetries to spacetimes with higher curvature terms. Higher curvature theories are in many cases associated to dark energy for instance. We provide further justification for these higher curvature formulations through the existence of a new symmetry.