bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PFOA-Induced Ovotoxicity Differs Between Lean and Obese Mice With Impacts on Ovarian Reproductive and DNA Damage Sensing and Repair Proteins
Authors: Estefanía González-Alvarez Maria , Severin Andrew , Sayadi Maryam , Keating Aileen F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an environmentally persistent perfluoroalkyl substance that is widely used in consumer products. Exposure to PFOA is associated with reproductive and developmental effects including endocrine disruption, delayed puberty in girls, and decreased fetal growth. In the United States, obesity affects 40% of women and 20% of girls, with higher rates in minority females. Obesity causes infertility, poor oocyte quality, miscarriage, and offspring defects. This study proposed that PFOA exposure would impact estrous cyclicity, ovarian steroid hormones, and the ovarian proteome and further hypothesized that obesity would impact PFOA-induced ovotoxicity. Female wild type (KK.Cg-a/a; lean) or KK.Cg-Ay/J mice (obese) received saline (CT) or PFOA (2.5 mg/kg) per os for 15 days beginning at 7 weeks of age. There were no effects on food intake, body weight, estrous cyclicity, serum progesterone, and heart, spleen, kidney, or uterus weight (p &gt; .05). Ovary weight was decreased (p &lt; .05) by PFOA exposure relative to vehicle control-treated mice in lean but not obese mice. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed on isolated ovarian protein and PFOA exposure altered the ovarian abundance of proteins involved in DNA damage sensing and repair pathways and reproduction pathways (p &lt; .05) differentially in lean and obese mice. The data suggest that PFOA exposure alters ovary weight and differentially targets ovarian proteins in lean and obese females in ways that might reduce female fecundity.
A novel scoring system (YASHMA) predicting brain injury in asphyxiated newborns
Authors: Elbayiyev Sarkhan , Çevirici Tevfik , Güngör Ahmet Alptuğ , Kadıoğlu Şimşek Gülsüm , Kanmaz Kutman Hayriye Gözde , Canpolat Fuat Emre 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a complication of adverse intrapartum events and birth asphyxia resulting in brain injury and mortality in late preterm and term newborns.

Objectives
In this study, we aimed to predict brain damage on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a new scoring system.

Methods
Yieldly And Scorable Holistic Measuring of Asphyxia (YASHMA) is generated for detection of brain injury in asphyxiated newborns. Total scores were calculated according to scores of birth weight, gestation weeks, APGAR scores at first and fifth minutes, aEEG patterns and epileptic status of patients. The major outcome of the scoring system was to determine correlation between poor scores and neonatal brain injury detected on MRI.

Results
In hypothermia group with brain injury, low gestational weeks and lowest APGAR scores, abnormal aEEG findings were statistically different from others. YASHMA scores were statistically significant with high sensitivity, specificity, AUC and 95% confidence interval values.

Conclusions
YASHMA scoring system is feasible and can be suggestive for detecting brain injury in low-income countries.
Identification of a novel polyomavirus from a marsupial host
Authors: Dunowska Magdalena , Perrott Matthew , Biggs Patrick 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report the identification and analysis of a full sequence of a novel polyomavirus from a brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) termed possum polyomavirus (PPyV). The sequence was obtained from the next-generation sequencing assembly during an investigation into the aetiological agent for a neurological disease of possums termed wobbly possum disease (WPD), but the virus was not aetiologically involved in WPD. The PPyV genome was 5,224 nt long with the organisation typical for polyomaviruses, including early (large and small T antigens) and late (Viral Protein 1 (VP1), VP2, and VP3) coding regions separated by the non-coding control region of 465 nt. PPyV clustered with betapolyomaviruses in the WUKI clade but showed less than 60 per cent identity to any of the members of this clade. We propose that PPyV is classified within a new species in the genus Betapolyomavirus. These data add to our limited knowledge of marsupial viruses and their evolution.
Nowcasting Global Poverty
Authors: Mahler Daniel Gerszon , Castañeda Aguilar R Andrés , Newhouse David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper evaluates different methods for nowcasting country-level poverty rates, including methods that apply statistical learning to large-scale country-level data obtained from the World Development Indicators and Google Earth Engine. The methods are evaluated by withholding measured poverty rates and determining how accurately the methods predict the held-out data. A simple approach that scales the last observed welfare distribution by a fraction of real GDP per capita growth performs nearly as well as models using statistical learning on 1,000+ variables. This GDP-based approach outperforms all models that predict poverty rates directly, even when the last survey is up to five years old. The results indicate that in this context, the additional complexity introduced by applying statistical learning techniques to a large set of variables yields only marginal improvements in accuracy.
Predictive Models for Estimating the Probability of Successful Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Black Naomi , Henderson Ian , Al Wattar Bassel H. , Quenby Siobhan 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review all studies that developed or validated a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) prediction model.

DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until February 2022.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
We included observational studies that developed or validated a multivariable VBAC prediction model in women with a singleton pregnancy and one previous lower segment cesarean delivery. A total of 3,758 articles were identified and screened.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
For 57 included studies, data were extracted in duplicate using a CHARMS (Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Review of Prediction Modelling Studies) checklist-based tool and included participants’ characteristics, sample size, predictors, timing of application, and performance. PROBAST (Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool) and TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis) were used to assess risk of bias and transparency of reporting. Several studies developed or validated more than one model. There were 38 unique prediction models, 42 external validations of 10 existing prediction models, and six modifications of existing models. Of the 38 unique models, only 19 (19/38, 50%) were internally validated in the initial study. No studies externally validated their model in the initial study. Age, previous vaginal birth, and previous cesarean delivery for labor dystocia were the commonest predictors. The area under the curve in included studies ranged from 0.61 to 0.95. Models used close to delivery generally outperformed those used earlier in pregnancy. Most studies demonstrated a high risk of bias (45/57, 79%), the remainder were unclear (7/57, 12%) and low (5/57, 9%). Median TRIPOD checklist adherence was 70% (range 32–93%).

CONCLUSION:
Several prediction models for VBAC success exist, but many lack external validation and are at high risk of bias. Models used close to delivery outperformed those used earlier in pregnancy; however, their generalizability and applicability remain unclear. High-quality external validation and effect studies are required to guide clinical use.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42020190930.
One-Step Compared With Two-Step Gestational Diabetes Screening and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Brady Matthew , Hensel Drew M. , Paul Rachel , Doering Michelle M. , Kelly Jeannie C. , Frolova Antonina I. , Odibo Anthony O. , Barry Valene Garr , Powe Camille E. , Raghuraman Nandini , Tuuli Methodius G. , Carter Ebony B. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate short-term maternal and neonatal outcomes with one-compared with two-step testing for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

DATA SOURCES:
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing one-step and two-step GDM testing strategies before September 2021 was conducted. We searched Ovid Medline (1946–), EMBASE (1947–), Scopus (1960–), Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The primary outcome was rate of large-for-gestational age (LGA) neonates. Secondary outcomes were clinically relevant outcomes for GDM that were selected a priori.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
Titles, abstracts, and manuscripts were screened, selected, and reviewed by the first two authors. Four RCTs (24,966 patients) and 13 observational studies (710,677 patients) were analyzed.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Pooled relative risks (RRs) were calculated with 95% CIs using random-effects models and were plotted graphically with forest plots. Study heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran Q and Higgins I2 tests. The quality of studies that met the inclusion criteria was evaluated with the Downs and Black checklist. Publication bias was assessed by using asymmetry of funnel plots and Harbord's test. There was no difference in the rate of LGA neonates (pooled RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.88–1.04) by testing strategy among RCTs, but patients who underwent one-step testing were more likely to be diagnosed with GDM (pooled RR 2.13; 95% CI 1.61–2.82) and treated with diabetes medications (pooled RR 2.24; 95% CI 1.21–4.15). One-step testing was associated with higher rates of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (pooled RR 1.12; 95% CI 1.00–1.26) and neonatal hypoglycemia (pooled RR 1.23; 95% CI 1.13–1.34). In analysis of high-quality RCTs and observational studies, one-step testing was associated with a lower rate of LGA neonates (pooled RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.98), but higher rates of GDM diagnosis, treatment, NICU admission, and neonatal hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSION:
Despite a significant increase in GDM diagnosis and treatment with one-step testing, there is no difference in rate of LGA neonates compared with two-step testing among RCTs.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42021252703.
Disability and Interpersonal Violence in the Perinatal Period
Authors: Brown Hilary K. , Saunders Natasha , Chen Simon , Leslie Kelly , Vigod Simone N. , Fung Kinwah , Guttmann Astrid , Havercamp Susan M. , Parish Susan L. , Ray Joel G. , Lunsky Yona 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the risk of interpersonal violence experienced by pregnant and postpartum individuals with physical disabilities, sensory disabilities, or intellectual or developmental disabilities with those without disabilities, and to examine whether a prepregnancy history of interpersonal violence puts individuals with disabilities, at excess risk of interpersonal violence in the perinatal period.

METHOD:
This population-based study included all individuals aged 15–49 years with births in Ontario, Canada, from 2004 to 2019. Individuals with physical (n=147,414), sensory (n=47,459), intellectual or developmental (n=2,557), or multiple disabilities (n=9,598) were compared with 1,594,441 individuals without disabilities. The outcome was any emergency department visit, hospital admission, or death related to physical, sexual, or psychological violence between fertilization and 365 days postpartum. Relative risks (RRs) were adjusted for baseline social and health characteristics. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was estimated from the joint effects of disability and prepregnancy violence history; RERI>0 indicated positive interaction.

RESULTS:
Individuals with physical (0.8%), sensory (0.7%), intellectual or developmental (5.3%), or multiple disabilities (1.8%) were more likely than those without disabilities (0.5%) to experience perinatal interpersonal violence. The adjusted RR was 1.40 (95% CI 1.31–1.50) in those with physical disabilities, 2.39 (95% CI 1.98–2.88) in those with intellectual or developmental disabilities, and 1.96 (95% CI 1.66–2.30) in those with multiple disabilities. Having both a disability and any violence history produced a positive interaction for perinatal interpersonal violence (adjusted RERI 0.87; 95% CI 0.47–1.29).

CONCLUSION:
The perinatal period is a time of relative high risk for interpersonal violence among individuals with pre-existing disabilities, especially those with a history of interpersonal violence.
Prophylactic Ureteral Stent Placement and Urinary Injury During Hysterectomy for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Scaglione Morgan A. , Allshouse Amanda A. , Canfield Dana R. , Mclaughlin Hannah D. , Bruno Ann M. , Hammad Ibrahim A. , Branch D. Ware , Maurer Kathryn A. , Dood Robert L. , Debbink Michelle P. , Silver Robert M. , Einerson Brett D. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association between prophylactic ureteral stent placement at the time of hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum and genitourinary injury.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with placenta accreta spectrum who underwent hysterectomy at two referral centers from 2001 to 2021. The exposure was prophylactic ureteral stent placement. The primary outcome, genitourinary injury, was a composite of bladder injury, ureteral injury, or vesicovaginal fistula. Secondary outcomes included components of the primary outcome. We evaluated differences between groups using χ2 and t test. To evaluate differences in the primary outcome, we reported odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariable logistic regression analyses to control for potential confounding variables. We used a Cochran-Armitage χ2 trend test to evaluate difference in stent use and injury over time.

RESULTS:
In total, 236 patients were included. Prophylactic ureteral stents were used in 156 surgeries (66%). Overall, genitourinary injury occurred less frequently in the stent group compared with the no stent group (28% vs 51%, OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.21–0.65). This association persisted after controlling for urgency of delivery, three or more prior cesarean deliveries, and whether a gynecologic oncologist was present (aOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.14–0.52). Unintentional bladder injury occurred less frequently in the stent group compared with the no stent group (13% vs 25%, P=.018), as did ureteral injury (2% vs 9%, P=.019).

CONCLUSION:
Prophylactic ureteral stent placement was associated with a decreased risk of genitourinary injury during hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum.
Breast-Conserving Surgery or Mastectomy?
Authors: Christiansen Peer , Mele Marco , Bodilsen Anne , Rocco Nicola , Zachariae Robert 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The early randomized controlled trials revealed no differences in survival between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy. However, breast cancer treatment has undergone changes, and the results of recent population-based registry studies suggest superior long-term survival after BCS. To explore the current evidence, a systematic review and meta-ana lysis of population-based observational studies from 2010 and onward was conducted.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant literature. Keywords included “mastectomy,” “breast conserving surgery,” and “survival.” The identified studies were narratively reviewed and effect sizes (hazard ratios [HRs]) for overall (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) were combined with random-effects models.

Results:
A total of 30 reports were included in the review, and results from 25 studies were included in the meta-analyses. Compared with mastectomy, BCS was associated with better OS (HR = 1.34 [1.20–1.51]; N = 1,311,600) and BCSS (HR = 1.38 [1.29–1.47]; N = 494,267). Selected subgroups of patients, based on lymph node status, age (<50 years/≥50 years), and radiation therapy after mastectomy (±), all showed better overall survival after BCS. The number (range 4–12) and type of prognostic variables adjusted for in the survival analyses of the studies did not statistically significantly moderate the differences in survival between BCS and mastectomy.

Conclusions:
The combined findings from large population-based studies indicate that BCS is associated with survival benefit compared with mastectomy, suggesting that BCS be the recommended treatment of early breast cancer (T1-2N0-1M0) if a radical lumpectomy can be performed.
CHOROIDAL VASCULARITY INDEX IN HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE TOXIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Halouani Safa , Le Hoang Mai , Querques Giuseppe , Borrelli Enrico , Sacconi Riccardo , Battista Marco , Jung Camille , Souied Eric H. , Miere Alexandra 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
To investigate choroidal involvement in eyes of patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), by quantifying the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and other choroidal biomarkers.

Methods:
Vertical enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans were performed in eyes with either advanced-stage or mild HCQ toxic retinopathy, as well as in healthy age-matched and sex-matched controls. Based on SD-OCT scans, the subfoveal and mean choroidal thickness (ChT) was measured. The CVI, total choroidal area (TCA), luminal choroidal area (LCA), and stromal choroidal area (SCA) were calculated based on a binarization image process. These variables were computed and compared between the three groups (i.e., advanced stage, mild toxicity, and healthy controls).

Results:
Forty-eight eyes of 47 patients under HCQ (26 eyes presented with advanced stage HCQ toxicity and 22 eyes with mild toxicity) and 34 eyes of 31 healthy controls were included. Both CVI and ChT were significantly different between the three groups (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). When comparing the advanced stage toxicity group to healthy controls, both the subfoveal and the mean ChT were diminished (P < 0.001). The CVI, TCA, LCA, and SCA were significantly lower in the advanced stage of toxicity group when compared with controls (P < 0.001, <0.00001, <0.0001, and P = 0.0094, respectively).

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that eyes with HCQ toxic retinopathy, especially at advanced stages, present with choroidal impairment, giving further pathophysiological insights into the unfolding of this retinal toxicity.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND OCT ANGIOGRAPHY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAPHIC PLAQUES IN NONEXUDATIVE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Stattin Martin , Ahmed Daniel , Haas Anna-Maria , Graf Alexandra , Zehetner Claus , Mihalics Stefan , Krepler Katharina , Ansari-Shahrezaei Siamak 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
To describe characteristics of indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic plaques in the nonexudative fellow eye of White patients with unilateral treatment-naïve exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration through optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Methods:
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, nonexudative eyes with ICG angiographic plaques were analyzed by OCT B-scans for the sensitivity of a double-layer sign, a pigment epithelium detachment, outer retinal atrophy, hyperreflective dots, and subretinal hyperreflective material (SRHM). The ICG angiographic plaque was matched with a macular neovascularization in OCTA en face scans and color-coded B scans.

Results:
In total, 35 ICG angiographic plaques in 33 of 291 (11%) nonexudative eyes were diagnosed. OCT revealed 27 double-layer sign (78%), eight pigment epithelium detachment (23%), 8 outer retinal atrophy (23%), eight hyperreflective dots (23%), and one subretinal hyperreflective material (3%). OCTA confirmed a macular neovascularization in 28 plaques (80%): 7 (20%) in en face scans, 3 (9%) in color-coded B scans, and 18 (51%) in both. The area size in OCTA was significantly smaller than that of ICG angiography (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
The diagnosis of an ICG angiographic plaque in nonexudative fellow eyes of Whites with unilateral treatment-naïve exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration was highly suggestive of a typical macular neovascularization type 1 as characterized by OCT and OCTA.
Effects of Systemic Diseases on Graft Preparation in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Özkan Burak , Koçluk Yusuf , Kasım Burcu 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate the effects of the systemic diseases and drugs of the donor on Descemet membrane (DM) graft preparation.

Methods:
Seventy-eight corneas of 58 donors, of whom the DM grafts were used in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery, between January 2018 and January 2020, were enrolled in this retrospective study. The hospital records of the donors were analyzed. Age, sex, blood type, systemic diseases, and drugs; complete blood count; biochemistry panel for liver and kidney functions in the past 48 hours; and the drugs used in the hospital, if any, in the past 24 hours were recorded. The grafts with tears that occurred while preparation were included in group 1, and the successful grafts with no tears were included in group 2.

Results:
There were no statistically significant differences in the characteristics of the donors between groups. However, breast cancer and the use of sevelamer were found to be significantly higher in group 1 (P=0.010, P=0.033, respectively). No statistically significant difference in the use of other drugs was found between groups.

Conclusion:
Although diabetic donors have been reported to be inappropriate candidates for the preparation of DM grafts for DMEK, most of the donors with several systemic diseases including diabetes can be used in DMEK surgery, with the right technique in DM graft preparation.
Social Media Evaluation of Seasonal and Geographic Trends of Corneal Ulcers in the United States
Authors: Choi Jamie H. , Ong Erin S. , Munir Wuqaas M. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate if social media and Google search data can identify seasonal and geographic trends in the incidence of corneal ulcers in the United States.

Methods:
This is a case series of all corneal ulcer-related data collected from two major social media platforms and Google trends from US users between 2017 and 2021. Instagram and Twitter were searched for posts and hashtags related to “corneal ulcer.” Web and image search volume of “corneal ulcer” were collected from Google trends (https://trends.google.com). Data were compared between seasons, defined by 3-month intervals, and chi-square tests were used to determine the statistical significance.

Results:
One hundred and sixty-five individuals (79% female) and 164 individuals (79% female) posted personal new corneal ulcer diagnoses on Twitter and Instagram, respectively. Summer resulted in the highest number of both Twitter (34%, P=0.07) and Instagram (33%, P=0.68) posts. Summer was also the most popular season for Google web and image searches of “corneal ulcer” (search volume average of 58.4 and 41.2, P=0.74 and P=0.01, respectively, with 100 being peak popularity). Across all platforms, the South was the most represented (32% Twitter, 38% Instagram, 32% Google Web, and 33% Google Images).

Conclusions:
Our results indicate that social media and Google trends may reflect seasonal and geographic patterns of corneal ulcer incidence in the United States. However, further study with increased power is needed.