bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of BIM technology for optimization and virtual build of TBM tunnels
Authors: Jeon KiSeok , Dalton Edward , Bakhshi Mehdi , Nasri Verya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe practical application of accurate design and coordination in Building Information Modeling (BIM) environment for precast rings in Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)‐bored tunnels is becoming more achievable. These rings, made up of individual segments, are subject to many constraints which include: 1) deviations from theoretical alignment, as modeling the straight centerline of a ring into a curved alignment naturally produces minor deviations in line and grade, 2) avoiding crucifix joints when the joints between segments align in the longitudinal direction, reducing sealing performance, 3) and TBM shield design by minimizing the diameter of the TBM to reduce overcut and required backfill. This article describes the automated procedures for developing our design intent in the BIM environment with consideration for ring length optimization in tunnel curves, geometrical analyses of the staggered pattern of joints, and the minimum diameter and overcut envelope of the TBM shield. This procedure is demonstrated in multiple light‐rail transit lines in Montréal including the Réseau Express Métropolitain (REM) airport link tunnel and the expansion of the Montreal Blue Line Metro. Virtual build of these segmentally lined tunnels negotiating all straight and curved drives of the alignment with BIM modeling is realized and summarized in this article.
Determinants of long‐term care service use by persons with dementia: A national dementia registry study conducted in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Chia‐Fen , Huang Mao‐Hsuan , Cheng Chih‐Ming , Lee Jun‐Jun , Wang Wen‐Fu , Huang Ling‐Chun , Huang Li‐Kai , Lee Wei‐Ju , Sung Pi‐Shan , Liu Yi‐Chien , Ouyang Wen‐Chen , Hsu Chih‐Cheng , Fuh Jong‐Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the determinants and use of Taiwan's long‐term care (LTC) Plan Version 2.0 (LTC 2.0) services by persons with dementia (PWDs) and their caregivers.MethodsIn total, 1268 PWD–caregiver dyads were enrolled for analysis from a national dementia registry. Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use was used to investigate the association of LTC service use with several factors, namely the demographic data of PWDs and their caregivers, migrant caregiver employment, monthly household income, caregiver burden as determined by the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Mini‐Mental State Examination score, Clinical Dementia Rating scores, neuropsychiatric inventory scores for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, and PWDs' activities of daily living (ADLs).ResultsAmong the studied family caregivers, 81.4% did not use LTC resources. A multivariable logistic analysis revealed that aberrant motor behaviors (odd ratio [OR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10–1.56, p = 0.003), dysfunction in ADLs (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.10, p = 0.002), higher ZBI scores (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01–1.03, p = 0.004), not residing with family members (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.32–2.66, p < 0.001), and not employing a migrant caregiver (OR = 4.41, 95% CI = 2.59–7.51, p < 0.001) were the factors most significantly associated with LTC service use.ConclusionFactors such as whether PWDs live alone, specific neuropsychiatric symptoms, and impaired function should be considered in future policy amendments to provide required activities and care resources for PWDs and their caregivers.
Stochastic estimation of the distribution of soil water repellency on the soil surface in a humid‐temperate forest
Authors: Kajiura Masako 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSoil water repellency (SWR) increases surface runoff and preferential flows. Thus, quantitative evaluation of SWR distribution is necessary to understand water movements. Because the variability of SWR distribution makes it difficult to measure directly, we developed a method for estimating an SWR distribution index, defined as the areal fraction of surface soil showing SWR (SWRarea). The theoretical basis of the method is as follows: (1) SWRarea is equivalent to the probability that a position on the soil surface is drier than the critical water content (CWC); SWR is present (droplets absorbed in >10 s) when the soil surface is drier than the CWC and absent when it is wetter. (2) CWC and soil moisture content (θ) are normally distributed independent variables. (3) Thus, based on probability theory, the cumulative normal distribution of θ – CWC (f(x)) can be obtained from the distributions of CWC and θ, and f(0), the cumulative probability that θ – CWC < 0, gives the SWRarea. To investigate whether the method gives reasonable results, we repeatedly measured θ at 0–5 cm depth and determined the water repellency of the soil surface at multiple points in fixed plots with different soils and topography in a humid‐temperate forest. We then calculated the CWC from the observed θ–SWR relationship at each point. We tested the normality of the CWC and θ distributions and the correlation between CWC and θ. Then, we determined f(x) from the CWC and θ distributions and estimated the SWRarea on each measurement day. Although CWC and θ were both normally distributed, in many cases they were correlated. Nevertheless, the CWC–θ dependency had little effect on the estimation error, and f(x) explained 69% of the SWRarea variability. Our findings show that a stochastic approach is useful for estimating SWRarea.
Survival outcomes for dose‐dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin neoadjuvant vs standard adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II to III triple‐negative breast cancer: A prospective cohort study with propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Xiu Meng , Zhang Pin , Wang Xiang , Fan Ying , Li Qiao , Li Qing , Wang Jiayu , Dong Lin , Luo Yang , Yuan Peng , Ma Fei , Xu Binghe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is a scarcity of data exploring the long‐term benefits of platinum‐based (anthracycline‐free) neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). The prospective cohort study was conducted at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Patients with TNBC in stage II‐III were enrolled to receive NACT of dose‐dense (dd) paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) plus carboplatin (AUC 4.0) biweekly (ddPCb) for 6 cycles, and matched patients during the same period who received standard adjuvant chemotherapy for survival comparison. From January 2014 to July 2021, 264 patients were included in the primary nonmatched analysis (neoadjuvant 99, adjuvant 165). Compared to those in the adjuvant group, patients receiving NACT had larger tumors, higher degrees of nodal burden and more advanced disease (P < .001). Almost all patients in the adjuvant group received epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel. Within a median follow‐up of 44.9 months, the 4‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS, 82.6% vs 75.4%) and overall survival (OS, 86.6% vs 80.5%) were higher for patients in the neoadjuvant group without statistical difference. In the matched cohort of 134 patients (67 pairs), the 4‐year RFS (84.9% vs 60.9%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15‐0.69; P = .003) and OS (88.0% vs 65.9%, HR, 0.30, 95% CI, 0.12‐0.75, P = .010) were significantly superior for platinum‐based neoadjuvant than standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Compared to standard chemotherapy, ddPCb was related to less neutropenia and more thrombocytopenia. These results support the consideration of ddPCb as NACT for TNBC in stage II‐III. Randomized data and predictive biomarkers for platinum‐based chemotherapy are needed to be further investigated.
High‐fat diet promotes prostate cancer growth through histamine signaling
Authors: Matsushita Makoto , Fujita Kazutoshi , Hatano Koji , Hayashi Takuji , Kayama Hisako , Motooka Daisuke , Hase Hiroaki , Yamamoto Akinaru , Uemura Toshihiko , Yamamichi Gaku , Tomiyama Eisuke , Koh Yoko , Kato Taigo , Kawashima Atsunari , Uemura Motohide , Nojima Satoshi , Imamura Ryoichi , Mubeen Aysha , Netto George J. , Tsujikawa Kazutake , Nakamura Shota , Takeda Kiyoshi , Morii Eiichi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWestern high‐fat diets (HFD) are regarded as a major risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa). Using prostate‐specific Pten‐knockout mice as a PCa model, we previously reported that HFD promoted inflammatory PCa growth. The composition of the gut microbiota changes under the influence of diet exert various effects on the host through immunological mechanisms. Herein, we investigated the etiology of HFD‐induced inflammatory cancer growth and the involvement of the gut microbiome. The expression of Hdc, the gene responsible for histamine biosynthesis, and histamine levels were upregulated in large prostate tumors of HFD‐fed mice, and the number of mast cells increased around the tumor foci. Administration of fexofenadine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, suppressed tumor growth in HFD‐fed mice by reducing the number of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and suppressing IL6/STAT3 signaling. HFD intake induced gut dysbiosis, resulting in the elevation of serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS increased Hdc expression in PCa. Inhibition of LPS/Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling suppressed HFD‐induced tumor growth. The number of mast cells increased around the cancer foci in total prostatectomy specimens of severely obese patients. In conclusion, HFD promotes PCa growth through histamine signaling via mast cells. Dietary high‐fat induced gut dysbiosis might be involved in the inflammatory cancer growth.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis of potential biomarkers for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Shi Huaqing , Xu Hao , Chai Changpeng , Qin Zishun , Zhou Wence 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), is an aggressive malignancy associated with a low 5‐year survival rate. Poor outcomes associated with PDA are attributable to late detection and inoperability. Most patients with PDA are diagnosed with locally advanced and metastatic disease. Such cases are primarily treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Because of the lack of effective molecular targets, early diagnosis and successful therapies are limited. The purpose of this study was to screen key candidate genes for PDA using a bioinformatic approach and to research their potential functional, pathway mechanisms associated with PDA progression. It may help to understand the role of associated genes in the development and progression of PDA and identify relevant molecular markers with value for early diagnosis and targeted therapy.Materials and methodsTo identify novel genes associated with carcinogenesis and progression of PDA, we analyzed the microarray datasets GSE62165, GSE125158, and GSE71989 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. A protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING, and module analysis was performed using Cytoscape. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to evaluate the differential expression of hub genes in patients with PDA. In addition, we verified the expression of these genes in PDA cell lines and normal pancreatic epithelial cells.ResultsA total of 202 DEGs were identified and these were found to be enriched for various functions and pathways, including cell adhesion, leukocyte migration, extracellular matrix organization, extracellular region, collagen trimer, membrane raft, fibronectin‐binding, integrin binding, protein digestion, and absorption, and focal adhesion. Among these DEGs, 12 hub genes with high degrees of connectivity were selected. Survival analysis showed that the hub genes (HMMR, CEP55, CDK1, UHRF1, ASPM, RAD51AP1, DLGAP5, KIF11, SHCBP1, PBK, and HMGB2) may be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of PDA, highlighting their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic factors in PDA.ConclusionsIn summary, the DEGs and hub genes identified in the present study not only contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of PDA but may also serve as potential new biomarkers and targets for PDA.
Research on the governance of campus bullying and prevention mechanism of students' mental health problem
Authors: Chen Yongjie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAt present, juvenile campus bullying is seriously threatening their own physical and mental health, campus security and even social security, making social instability factors increase. It is to explore how to reduce and avoid the frequent occurrence of campus bullying and provide effective countermeasures for the governance of campus bullying. The relevant research on the governance of campus bullying and the prevention mechanism of students' mental health problems is conducted from the judicial perspective. The methods of literature survey and questionnaire are employed to investigate and analyze the campus bullying problem governance and the influencing factors of students' mental health. The results show that the causes of campus bullying are not only due to external factors, but also due to internal factors from students themselves. The principle of timely prevention and comprehensive management must be followed in the construction of the multigovernance system of campus bullying. It suggests that there are many factors for the occurrence of campus bullying. Only by finding out the root cause of the problem and taking measures to deal with it can the occurrence of campus bullying be effectively avoided.
Using intergenerational photovoice to understand family strengths among Native American children and their caregivers
Authors: Edwards Katie M. , Herrington Ramona , Edwards Marcey , Banyard Victoria , Mullet Natira , Hopfauf Skyler , Simon Briana , Waterman Emily A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to examine Native American children and caregivers' perspectives of family and cultural strengths using photovoice and to identify lessons learned from the first‐ever implementation of intergenerational photovoice with Native Americans. Participants were Native American, low‐income caregivers (n = 6) and their children (n = 12) between the ages of 10 and 15 who participated in six photovoice sessions. The themes that emerged from photos and group discussion included myriad challenges faced by Native American families including exposure to community violence, substance abuse, and criminal offending and incarceration. Themes also emerged that highlighted the strengths of Native families that were used to overcome identified challenges, including religion/spirituality, engagement in traditional cultural practices (e.g., prayer, song, dance), healthy activities (e.g., running, meditation). These data provided foundational information that is currently being used, along with other data, to develop a culturally grounded, strengths‐focused, family‐based program (Tiwahe Wicagwicayapi [Strengthening/Growing Families in Lakota]) to prevent adverse childhood experiences. We also discuss the challenges of intergenerational photovoice and lessons learned to inform future intergenerational photovoice projects.
Dental students’ perceptions of the wildcard as a novel teaching technique in case‐based learning
Authors: Perez Arnaldo , Arntson Cheryl , Howey Madison , Amin Maryam , Kebbe Maryam , Ganatra Seema 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveCases used in case‐based learning should be realistic, relatively difficult, engaging, and educational to maximize clinical knowledge and skills. Data are needed to support the effectiveness of existing and new techniques to ensure these case attributes. The purpose of this study was to explore dental students’ perceptions of the wildcard technique in case‐based learning. This novel technique aims to ensure key case attributes by adding new information to the analysis of a case that challenges the initial diagnosis and/or treatment plan.MethodsConstructivism (paradigm) and interpretative description (approach) informed the study design. Participants were 21 third‐ and fourth‐year dental students who took part in an oral pathology seminar in which the wildcard was employed. Data were collected through individual, semi‐structured interviews that were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive, manifest thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Several verification strategies were implemented to ensure rigor throughout data analysis.ResultsIdentified themes suggest that students perceived the wildcard as a new scenario that simulated clinical practice regarding settings, situations, conditions, and required skills. They also enjoyed the wildcard and found it effective in terms of knowledge acquisition, skills development, and engagement. Students valued and recommended wildcards that were challenging, authentic, and educational.ConclusionsStudents positively valued the wildcard, which seems to ensure several case attributes. Learning and behavioral outcome evaluations are needed to further establish the effectiveness of the wildcard in case‐based learning.
Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of different enterovirus and rhinovirus types show that EV‐D68 may still have an impact on severity of respiratory infections
Authors: Larsson Simon B. , Vracar Diana , Karlsson Marie , Ringlander Johan , Norder Heléne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRespiratory infections are often caused by enteroviruses (EVs). The aim of this study was to identify whether certain types of EV were more likely to cause severe illness in 2016, when an increasing spread of upper respiratory infections was observed in Gothenburg, Sweden. The EV strain in 137 of 1341 nasopharyngeal samples reactive for EV by polymerase chain reaction could be typed by sequencing the viral 5′‐untranslated region and VP1 regions. Phylogenetic trees were constructed. Patient records were reviewed. Hospital care was needed for 46 of 74 patients with available medical records. The majority of the patients (83) were infected with the rhinovirus (RV). The remaining 54 were infected with EV A, B, C, and D strains of 13 different types, with EV‐D68 and CV‐A10 being the most common (17 vs. 14). Significantly more patients with EV‐D68 presented with dyspnea, both when compared with other EV types (p = 0.003) and compared to all other EV and RV infections (p = 0.04). Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences revealed the spread of both Asian and European CV‐A10 strains and 12 different RV C types. This study showed an abundance of different EV types spreading during a year with increased upper respiratory increased infections. EV‐D68 infections were associated with more severe disease manifestation. Other EV and RV types were more evenly distributed between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. The EV type CV‐A10 was also found in infected patients, which warrants further studies and surveillance, as this pathogen could cause more severe disease and outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease.
Posttraumatic stress disorder–related anhedonia as a predictor of psychosocial functional impairment among United States veterans
Authors: May Casey L. , Wisco Blair E. , Fox Victor A. , Marx Brian P. , Keane Terence M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrior research suggests that anhedonia symptoms related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; i.e., diminished interest, detachment from others, and difficulty experiencing positive emotions) are consistently associated with a higher degree of impairment in psychosocial functioning beyond that associated with other PTSD symptoms. Unfortunately, much of this research has used cross‐sectional study designs; relied upon outdated DSM diagnostic criteria; and failed to control for potentially confounding variables, such as the presence of co‐occurring depression. This study used data from Waves 2 and 4 (n = 1,649) of the Veterans’ After‐Discharge Longitudinal Registry (Project VALOR), a longitudinal dataset of U.S. Army and Marine veterans. As measured using the Inventory of Psychosocial Functioning, Wave 4 psychosocial functioning was regressed on seven PTSD symptom factors at Wave 2 (i.e., intrusions, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviors, anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal) and potential Wave 2 confounds. The Anhedonia factor, β = .123, most strongly predicted later psychosocial functional impairment beyond the impact of other PTSD symptom factors, βs = −.076–.046. Clinical implications of these findings are also discussed.
Survival and mortality of green‐winged teal banded on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Authors: Thompson Jordan M. , Riecke Thomas V. , Daniels Bryan L. , Spragens Kyle A. , Gabrielson Melissa L. , Nicolai Christopher A. , Sedinger Benjamin S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite the importance of green‐winged teal (Anas crecca) as a harvested species in North America, recent information on variation in vital rates among regions is lacking. We used band recovery data and hierarchical autoregressive models to examine temporal and age‐sex‐class variation in survival, hunting mortality, and nonhunting mortality probabilities of green‐winged teal banded at Kgun Lake on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA, from 1997–2019. We used data from 10,554 adult and juvenile green‐winged teal of known sex and age banded and released at Kgun Lake, and 1,245 hunter recoveries. Estimates of annual survival probability for adult females and males ranged from 0.44 (95% CI = 0.29–0.54) to 0.49 (95% CI = 0.37–0.68) and 0.56 (95% CI = 0.50–0.61) to 0.58 (95% CI = 0.50–0.64), respectively, during our study period. Estimates of annual survival probability for juvenile females and males ranged from 0.36 (95% CI = 0.18–0.56) to 0.46 (95% CI = 0.31–0.71) and 0.51 (95% CI = 0.38–0.61) to 0.56 (95% CI = 0.44–0.71), respectively. Hunting mortality probability was greatest for juvenile males and least for adult females. Hunting mortality probability of juvenile males increased from 0.09 (95% CI = 0.05–0.13) in 1997 to 0.14 (95% CI = 0.11–0.18) in 2015. Nonhunting mortality probability was greater and more variable than hunting mortality probability for all age‐sex classes, indicating nonhunting mortality contributed most to total mortality of green‐winged teal banded at Kgun Lake during our study. Additionally, survival probability of female green‐winged teal banded at Kgun Lake is less than published estimates for green‐winged teal banded in the boreal forest of Alaska. We recommend continuing consistent banding operations for green‐winged teal on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta and other important breeding areas to further understand factors influencing nonhunting mortality and how they may vary seasonally and geographically.