bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Diversity and Relatedness of Latvian Pyrus Germplasm assessed by a Set of SSR Markers
Authors: Lācis Gunārs , Kota-Dombrovska Irita , Kārkliņa Katrīna , Lāce Baiba 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pears (Pyrus communis L.) are not native plant species in Latvia but have a long history of introduction and growing, using various sources of plant material over time. Therefore, the existing collection of genetic resources combines accessions of different origin. To plan the further development of this crop and to ensure its successful preservation, this study aimed to characterise the Latvian Pyrus germplasm collection using SSR molecular markers and to estimate the level of genetic diversity within the pear germplasm collection. Six SSR markers were used to genotype 206 pear accessions of different origin, such as cultivars and hybrids bred in Latvia, landraces collected during expeditions throughout the country, and introduced foreign cultivars. The marker set identified 197 accessions with unique genotypes, and enabled a comparison of different origin groups, and an assessment of genetic diversity. Allele numbers ranged from 15 to 28 for the markers used, whereas observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.519 to 0.956. Grouping of accessions according to geographical origin was not observed. However, the genetic background of Latvian samples was entirely in alignment with international germplasm.
Apple Scab Detection in the Early Stage of Disease Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Kodors Sergejs , Lācis Gunārs , Moročko-Bičevska Inga , Zarembo Imants , Sokolova Olga , Bartulsons Toms , Apeināns Ilmārs , Žukovs Vitālijs 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Modern reviews of challenges related to deep learning application in agriculture mention restricted access to open datasets with high-resolution natural images taken in field conditions. Therefore, artificial intelligence solutions trained on these datasets containing low-resolution images and disease symptoms in the advanced stage are not suitable for early detection of plant diseases. The study aims to train a convolutional neural network for apple scab detection in an early stage of disease development. In this study a dataset was collected and used to develop a convolutional neural network based on the sliding-window method. The convolutional neural network was trained using the transfer-learning approach and MobileNetV2 architecture tuned on for embedded devices. The quality analysis in laboratory conditions showed the following accuracy results: F
1 score 0.96 and Cohen’s kappa 0.94; and the occlusion maps — correct classification features.
Organization of Work to Combat Fraud in a Financial Institution
Authors: Larionova Svetlana L'vovna 
Published: October 2022

The object of the research is the technology of remote banking and remote provision of financial services, the subject of the research of the article is methods and means of countering fraud. The author examines in detail the main reasons for successful fraudulent transactions, analyzes the main tools of counteraction, determines the indicators of the analysis of the effectiveness of counteraction, suggests ways to solve the problem. The article discusses in detail the algorithms of fraud analysis and determines the optimal model for analyzing fraudulent transactions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the reasons for the growth of fraudulent transactions in the field of remote provision of financial services. The author defines the directions for improving the anti-fraud system, including proposals for finalizing the legislation of the payment sphere. The article also describes the main fraud schemes and current threats that contribute to the commission of fraudulent transactions. The main conclusions of the study are: 1.	The only direction of countering fraudulent transactions in the financial sector is a fraud analysis system based on risk assessment of the client and his operations based on artificial intelligence models, indicators of fraudulent transactions and rules for their use, as well as risk-oriented authentication of the client and his operations. 2.	Fraud analysis allows you to effectively protect the client not only from the actions of an attacker, but also from your own actions committed under the influence of social engineering methods. 3. Financial organizations do not use their rights to prevent fraudulent transactions that are committed by clients of a financial organization under the influence of social engineering methods. A special contribution of the author is proposals regarding the improvement of legislation in order to counter fraud. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the development and justification of an optimal anti-fraud system, taking into account existing fraud schemes, indicators of the effectiveness of anti-fraud.
Repeat cultures in septic arthritis, do they change antibiotic management?
Authors: Judy Ryan P. , Girgis Mina Y. , Sewards J. Milo 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
Septic arthritis is an orthopedic surgical emergency. Repeat cultures increase cost and patient discomfort; however, it is unknown whether repeat cultures have any merit in guiding treatment. The primary purpose of this investigation is to determine if repeat septic arthritis synovial fluid cultures alter antibiotic management. The secondary purpose is to identify independent risk factors that may alter subsequent antibiotic therapy.

Methods:
Septic arthritis cases were retrospectively reviewed using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes between January 2011 and December 2015. Inclusion criteria were patients >18 years with >1 positive synovial culture taken >2 days apart.

Results:
Two hundred and ninety-two synovial cultures were taken. Seventy were repeat cultures. Around 3 quarters (74.3%) yielded the same bacteria and 25.7% yielded different bacteria. Less than half (45.7%) of repeat cultures were associated with a change in antibiotics. Of the 18 repeat cultures that yielded different bacteria, six repeat cultures contained the same bacteria ± a different organism. Thirteen of the eighteen repeat cultures with different bacteria required a change in antibiotics. Patients who had their antibiotic therapy changed after repeat cultures were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (66.7% vs. 38.5%; P = 0.04, OR = 3.2 [1.04, 9.89]). Patients with hepatitis C more frequently required a different antibiotic regimen on repeat cultures (69.2% vs. 40.4%; P = 0.06, OR = 3.3 [0.91, 12.1]).

Conclusion:
Repeat culture data in patients with septic arthritis changed antibiotic regimens in 45.7% of patients and yielded different bacteria in 25.7%. Patients with diabetes more frequently required alternate antibiotic regimens.
The predictors of hyperglycemia and its effects on neurological outcome in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing surgical clipping: A prospective observational study
Authors: Koyanna Srikanth , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Mahajan Shalvi , Bharti Neerja , Patel Swati , Singla Navneet 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Following intracranial aneurysm rupture, 70–90% of patients have hyperglycemia as a stressful response. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia is deleterious if not controlled well. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence, risk factors of hyperglycemia, and its effect on outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients who underwent aneurysmal clipping.

Methods:
Following intracranial aneurysm rupture, 70–90% of patients have hyperglycemia as a stressful response. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia is deleterious if not controlled well. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence, risk factors of hyperglycemia, and its effect on outcome in aSAH patients who underwent aneurysmal clipping.

Results:
At admission, the prevalence of hyperglycemia and severe hyperglycemia was 31.8% and 6.8%, respectively. Perioperative hyperglycemia and severe hyperglycemia were seen in 75.7% and 27%, respectively. History of diabetes mellitus (DM), higher admission random blood sugar, and higher admission mean blood pressure were predictors of perioperative hyperglycemia (P- 0.046, 0.00, and 0.004, respectively) and severe hyperglycemia (P- 0.048, 0.00, and 0.031). In addition, female sex, prolonged duration of anesthesia, and surgery were also found to be the predictors of hyperglycemia (P- 0.025, 0.07, and 0.012). Increased ventilator, intensive care unit, and hospital days were associated with perioperative hyperglycemia and severe hyperglycemia, respectively (P ≤ 0.006/0.00, P ≤ 0.007/0.00, and P ≤ 0.038/0.00). Poor Glasgow Outcome Score at 1 and 3 months after discharge was associated with admission and perioperative hyperglycemia ([P ≤ 0.000/0.000 and P ≤ 0.000/0.000], respectively). However, no association was seen between mortality and hyperglycemia or severe hyperglycemia.

Conclusion:
A higher prevalence of hyperglycemia is present in aSAH patients. A higher incidence of perioperative hyperglycemia is associated with poor neurological outcomes. Hence, the identification of risk factors and meticulous perioperative control of hyperglycemia will help in preventing poor neurological outcomes.
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate of the ligamentum flavum in the cervical spine – A review of the literature
Authors: Ehioghae Mark , Lawlor Mark C. , Mesfin Addisu 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition, also known as pseudogout, in the cervical ligamentum flavum (CLF), is a rare disease which can cause spinal cord signaling changes leading to rapid deterioration in function. The natural history of cervical myelopathy as a result of CPPD deposition within the CLF is not well understood. Our objective is to describe the presentation, imaging findings, and treatment options of CPPD deposition or pseudogout of the cervical spine.

Methods:
Using PubMed, we analyzed studies published from 1978 to 2022. Key words used were “pseudogout,” “CPPD deposit disease,” “cervical yellow ligament,” “CLF,” and “cervical spine.” We excluded “crowned dense syndrome” and “ossification of ligament flavum.” Using a department database, we queried for patients treated for CPPD of the cervical spine.

Results:
Twenty clinical studies on CPPD of the cervical spine with 69 patients aged between 15 and 92 years (mean = 72) were identified. Neck pain and numbness of the hands were the most common symptoms. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most common comorbidities. Males and females were affected at equal rates. C4-C5 and C5-C6 were the most affected segments. Earlier surgical treatment produced better outcomes. A laminectomy and fusion or laminoplasty were the most common procedures performed with most patients experiencing some return of neurologic function.

Conclusion:
Although rare, CPPD deposit disease in the CLF should be readily considered as a differential diagnosis due to the continuously aging population. CPPD’s progressively worsening nature makes an early diagnosis and treatment important in improving the patient’s overall quality of life.
Which biological pathways are responsible for the late appearance of brain metastases in renal cell carcinoma? Analysis of eight cases
Authors: Minghinelli Federico E. , Recalde Rodolfo José , Prost Diego Martín , Cutuli Hernán Javier , Giovannini Sebastián Juan María , Zaninovich Roberto Steven 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 1% of all cancers and its brain metastases amount to 8.1% of all metastatic tumors. Late brain metastases are defined as tumors that appear 10 years after diagnosis of the primary lesion. The objective of this work is to discuss which biological pathways are responsible for the late appearance of these metastases analyzing eight cases.

Case Description:
We report here eight cases of late brain metastases of RCC treated between 2018 and 2021. Patients consulted for different clinical complaints. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan were performed on all patients. They were treated by complete surgical resection plus radiosurgery or by radiosurgery alone. The histology of most metastases showed clear cell RCC.

Conclusion:
In the presence of a patient with an intracranial tumor and a history of RCC with more than 10 years of evolution, the presence of late metastasis should always be considered. There are many theories described in the literature that try to explain the late appearance of brain metastases from RCC (low mitotic index, impaired immune system, cross talk, self-seeding, and among others).
A case of subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhages complicated by trichosporonosis
Authors: Shibao Shunsuke , Kaburaki Makoto , Saito Katsuya , Tomita Hideyuki 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Trichosporonosis has an extremely poor prognosis. In this report, we describe a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage due to a fungal aneurysm caused by Trichosporon.

Case Description:
A 71-year-old woman who experienced subcortical hemorrhage developed a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Endovascular parent artery occlusion was performed for a fungal aneurysm in the left posterior cerebral artery caused by Trichosporon. After surgery, voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B were administered. The patient died of massive left putamen hemorrhage.

Conclusion:
Effective treatment for intracranial hemorrhage due to trichosporonosis has not yet been established and an accumulation of cases is required.
The experience of tourist-recreational mapping of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Authors: ФЕДОРОВА А.С. 
Published: October 2022

В статье проведен анализ более восьмидесяти туристскорекреационных карт и туристских схем Республики Саха (Якутия), включая картосхемы, размещенные в региональных комплексных атласах. Проведенное исследование позволило систематизировать и выделить этапы исторического развития и современного состояния туристского картографирования республики в ее разные годы, начиная с 70х годов ХХ века до второго десятилетия XXI века. Всего выделено три периода: с 1970 до 1995 гг., с 1995 до 2010 г. гг., с 2010 г. по настоящее время. Подробно в статье рассмотрены основные свойства туристических карт, изданных как на бумажной основе, так и в электронном виде. Изучение тематического содержания позволило выявить, что наибольшее ее разнообразие встречается в картах, изданных за период с 1970 по 1990 годы. Тематические карты туризма и научные рекреационные карты создаются в недостаточном количестве. Выявлены проблемы и перспективы создания туристских карт.
The article analyzes more than eighty tourist and recreational maps and tourist schemes of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), including maps, placed in regional complex atlases. The study made it possible to systematize and highlight the stages of historical development and the current state of tourist mapping of the republic in its different periods, beginning in the 1970s to the second decade of the 21st century. In total, three periods were singled out: from 1970 to 1995, from 1995 to 2010, and from 2010 to the present.The article considers the main properties of tourist maps, published on a paper basis, and in electronic form in detail. A study of the thematic content revealed that its greatest diversity is found in maps published from 1970 to 1990. Thematic maps of tourism and scientific recreational maps are created in insufficient quantities. Identified problems and prospects for the creation of tourist maps.
Resource potential and prospects for increasing clay raw materials in the Chechen Republic
Authors: ДАУКАЕВ А.А. , ДАУКАЕВ А.А. 
Published: October 2022

Статья посвящена общим сведениям о глинистых горных породах и ресурсному потенциалу их на территории Чеченской Республики (ЧР). Дана классификация глинистых образований по разным признакам - минеральному и химическому составу, физическим свойствам, генезису, цвету, и т.д., проанализированы условия образования, распространения (в морских условиях ниже уровня действия волн, за счет выветривания ранее формированных магматических и метаморфических пород, при выветривании щелочных горных пород, в условиях высокой влажности, при разрушении кислых пород в сухой среде ) и специфические их свойства (адсорбция, непроницаемость, огнеупорность, пластичность др.). Рассматриваются глины как флюидоупоры и в роли адсорбентов (бентонтов). Перечислены генетические типы последних и условия их образования. Оценены сырьевой потенциал глин и перспективы обнаружения новых месторождений и проявлений глин на территории ЧР. Отмечается, что в последние годы на основе результатов исследовательских и поисковых работ на территории ЧР выделены 15 прогнозных площадей, перспективные на выявление месторождений глинистого сырья, в основном кирпично-черепичного, в табличной форме приведены основные сведения месторождений глин месторасположения, полезная толща, запасы, область использования
The article is devoted to the general information about clay rocks and their resource potential in the Chechen Republic (CR). It analyzes the classification of clay formations by various characteristics mineral and chemical composition, physical properties, genesis, color, etc. the conditions of formation, propagation (under marine conditions, below the level of wave action, due to weathering of previously formed igneous and metamorphic rocks, weathering of alkaline rocks, under conditions of high humidity, the destruction of acidic rocks in a dry environment) and their specific properties (adsorption, impermeability, fire resistance, plasticity, etc.). We consider clay as confining beds and in the role of adsorbents (Antonov). The genetic types of the latter and the conditions of their formation are listed. The raw material potential of clays and prospects for the discovery of new deposits and manifestations of clays in the territory of the CR are estimated. It is noted that in the recent years, on the basis of the results of research and exploration works in the territory of the CR, there have been identified 15 areas, potential homes to clay deposits, mainly brick and tile the tables provide the basic information on the clay deposits: location, useful thickness, reserves, anf the area of use
PENERAPAN MODEL MASTER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK TENTANG TEKANAN ZAT PADAT
Authors: Sapitri Dewi , Sitompul Stepanus Sahala , Mursyid Syukran 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKThis study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the application of the MASTER learning model on improving student learning outcomes about solids pressure at SMP Negeri 3 Paloh. The form of this study is a quasi-experimental research design with a nonequivalent control group design. The study sample was class VIII A students, totaling 15 students who were taken using a non-probability sampling technique. The increase in student learning outcomes was measured using an essay test instrument by comparing the results of the pretest before using the learning model and the posttest which was carried out after using the learning model. The average increase in the learning outcomes of experimental class students before being given treatment (pretest) was 10.33 and the average result after treatment (posttest) was 84.67. The results of the t' statistic test, obtained sig 0.000 <0.005, which means H0 is accepted and HI is rejected. It shows that there are differences in the effect of the MASTER learning model and conventional learning models on student learning outcomes on pressure material. The effectiveness of the application of the MASTER learning model on the ability to understand concepts better than the conventional learning model for class VIII SMPN 3 Paloh students showed that the MASTER learning model to improve student learning outcomes was 1.75 with a high category. The application of the MASTER learning model can improve learning outcomes better than conventional learning models. The application of the MASTER learning model can be used as an alternative in improving student learning outcomes on other materials as well. KeywordsLearning OutcomesMASTER Modelsolid Subtance Pressure
PEMANFAATAN MULTIMEDIA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN SINGKAWANG
Authors: Barlia Gusti , Mering Aloysius , Astuti Indri 
Published: October 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan adalah : 1) Perencanaan Pembelajaran dengan multimedia dalam pemanfaatan multimedia pembelajaran Pencegahan Infeksi dalam meningkatkan kompetensi Perawat Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Singkawang .2) Metode Pembelajaran yang digunakan Dosen dengan Multimedia Pembelajaran Pencegahan Infeksi dalam meningkatkan kompetensi Perawat pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Singkawang. 3) Perolehan belajar pemanfaatan Multimedia Pembelajaran Pencegahan Infeksi dalam meningkatkan Kompetensi Perawat Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Singkawang.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Metodedeskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan quasy eksperimen. Pemberian pembelajaran menggunakan multimedia Video menunjukkan nilai kompetensi yang signifikan pada kenaikan rata rata nilai sejumlah 23,43 dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran yang tidak menggunakan multimedia video mencuci tangan dengan rata rata kenaikan nilai 12,43 . Sehingga perlu diterapkan pemanfaatan Multimedia untuk pembelajaran praktikum selanjutnya. Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan Multimedia, Pencegahan Infeksi , Cuci Tangan.
THE MYSTICITY OF BEING: THE MOTIF OF THE ONLY SON IN THE NOVELISTIC PROSE OF D. RUBINA AND G. YAKHINA
Authors: Кихней Любовь Геннадьевна , Сильчева Алина Георгиевна 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматривается мотив единственного сына как элемент мистического реализма в романной прозе современных писателей Дины Рубиной и Гузель Яхиной. В произведениях «Белая голубка Кордовы», «Русская канарейка», «Наполеонов обоз» Д. Рубиной и «Зулейха открывает глаза» Г. Яхиной описываются истории рода, семьи, проживающей в Советском союзе в годы довоенных и послевоенных репрессий. Авторы уделяют особенное внимание рождению и чудесному выживанию единственного сына, благодаря которому род сохраняется и продолжается. Выживание этого ребенка сопряжено с прозрениями, вещими снами и мистическими событиями, что роднит прозу современных авторов с мистическим реализмом.
The article deals with the motif of the only son as an element of mystical realism in the novelistic prose of modern writers Dina Rubina and Guzel Yakhina. In the works «Belaya golubka Kordovy» («White Dove of Cordoba»), «Russkaya kanareika» («Russian Canary»), «Napoleonov oboz» («Napoleon’s Wagon Tray») by D. Rubina and «Zuleikha otkryvaet glaza» («Zuleikha Opens Her Eyes») by G. Yakhina, the stories of a clan, a family living in the Soviet Union during the years of pre-war and post-war repressions are described. The authors pay special attention to the birth and miraculous survival of the only son, thanks to which the lineage is preserved and continues. The survival of this child is associated with insights, prophetic dreams and mystical events, which makes the prose of modern authors related to mystical realism.
THE SPECIFICS OF THE WORK OF ADVERTISING AGENCIES AND MEDIA HOLDINGS AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors: Воробьева Анна Сергеевна , Ильяшенко Дмитрий Владиславович 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности работы медиахолдингов и рекламных агентств на современном этапе. Представлены данные об актуальном состоянии рекламного рынка. Выявлены преимущества работы медиахолдингов как формы организации предприятий. В статье сделан акцент на коммуникационные возможности рекламных и информационных продуктов.
In the article the authors consider the peculiarities of the work of media holdings and advertising agencies at the present stage. The data on the current state of the advertising market are presented. The advantages of the work of media holdings as a form of enterprise organization are revealed. The article focuses on the communication capabilities of advertising and information products.