bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Onset and Outcome of Ocular Lesions in Neonatal Severe Protein C Deficiency: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Miyauchi Yuta , Egami Naoki , Inoue Hirosuke , Sonoda Motoshi , Eguchi Katsuhide , Ishimura Masataka , Ochiai Masayuki , Tsukamoto Shoko , Matsumoto Shinya , Uchiumi Takeshi , Sonoda Koh‐Hei , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNeonatal protein C (PC) deficiency, which presents with purpura fulminans or hemorrhagic infarction, has a poor prognosis. In a sporadic case of prenatal‐onset purpura fulminans, preemptive intervention saved the patient but not her vision. Among 38 survivors from 47 cases with ocular lesions and biallelic PROC variants, 23 had total blindness and eight had unilateral blindness. Only one had intact vision. Prenatal‐onset ocular lesions occurred in 11 cases (29% [corneal opacities, n = 7; bilateral persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, n = 1; both, n = 3]). The eyes are the first organ affected by heritable severe PC deficiency. Prenatal intervention is needed to improve visual outcomes.
Clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with airway involvement in children
Authors: Zheng Baoying , Yan Yuchun , Cao Ling 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTImportanceMycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) with chest computed tomography (CT) findings showing airway involvement as the main manifestation has begun to be noted and increasingly reported. This type of MPP has different clinical features and may progress to bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Early recognition and treatment are helpful for reducing sequelae.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics of MPP patients with airway involvement and provide guidance for clinical recognition of this type.MethodsData from children diagnosed with MPP were collected. Forty‐one patients were assigned to the airway group according to chest CT, and 114 patients were assigned to the air space group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe children in the airway group were younger, and the prevalence of wheezing, pulmonary moist rales, and allergic background in the airway group was greater. The prevalence of severe MPP, the proportions of neutrophils, C‐reactive protein, and D‐dimer were lower in the airway group than in the air space group. Significantly more patients had lung involvement in both airways in the airway group. No cases of BO were found in the airway group.InterpretationMycoplasma pneumoniae‐associated airway involvement mostly occurs in young children, especially in atopic individuals. Patients with this type of pneumonia are prone to have clinical wheezing and pulmonary moist rales. The airway group included relatively few severe cases, but more patients had involvement of both lungs. Whether the patients in the airway group had a greater chance of developing BO needs further investigation.
Preparation of polyhydroxyalkanoate nanocomposites for biomedical applications
Authors: Chen Jia , Gong Chunjie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have been recognized as potential replacements for fossil fuel‐based, non‐biodegradable plastics. PHAs exhibit properties that are analogous to those of synthetic plastics. The production of PHAs offers a multitude of advantages, primarily due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. The most naturally occurring form of PHAs are the polyhydroxybutyrates (P(3HB)s). The major limitations of P(3HB)s are their brittle nature and inferior mechanical properties. Hence, these biopolymers have been observed to have limited biotechnological applications. In contrast to P(3HB)s, copolymers of PHAs have almost all the desirable properties, making them suitable for high‐end applications such as those in the medical sector. Structural modifications in PHA molecules have expanded the scope of their applications, including in medical implants, wound healing and bone grafts. It is noteworthy that considerable progress has been made in the field of PHA nanocomposites, which are now being explored for their biotechnological applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering and biosensors. The prospects for PHA nanocomposites are also summarized. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Impact of Viral Co‐Infection in Children Treated With Respiratory Support Due to Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. An Observational Study
Authors: Vahlkvist Signe , Mohammad Arman , Kofoed Poul‐Erik 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the effect of viral co‐infections on treatment length and treatment failure in children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) supported with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or high‐flow nasal cannula oxygenation therapy (HFNC).MethodsPatients aged 0–5 years hospitalized with viral LRTI and in need of respiratory support between August 1 and December 31, 2021, were retrospectively evaluated by patient chart audits.ResultsA total of 148 children (median age 10.1 [IQR 2.2–17.6] months) were included. Of this, 98 children were treated with HFNC and 50 with CPAP. Five children were transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit. In 17 children, HFNC treatment failed, leading to a shift to CPAP. The median treatment length was 90.6 (IQR 61–136) h. A total of 93 children were mono‐infected: 66 with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 14 with rhino/enterovirus (REV), 11 with metapneumovirus (MPV), 1 with adenovirus (AV), and 1 with coronavirus. Fourteen children were co‐infected with either RSV, REV or MPV and AV or parainfluenza virus (PIV). A total of 41 children were infected with both RSV and REV, RSV and MPV, MPV and REV, or all three viruses. Co‐infections with RSV, MPV, and/or REV were independent predictors of treatment failure with HFNC (p < 0.05) and length of treatment (p < 0.01), whereas co‐infections with AV or PIV had no effect.ConclusionIn children with viral LRTI, the combination of RSV/REV/MPV had an impact on treatment length and failure with HFNC, whereas co‐infections with either RSV, REV or MPV, and AV or PIV had not.
Metabolomics Analysis Using Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Mechanism of Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Guo Ming‐xin , Wan Lin , Sun Xiang , Zhou Xi‐han , Fang Wen‐tong , Sun Zhang‐zhang , Hu Zhi‐qiang , Xue Li‐li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to use metabolomics techniques to detect differential metabolites in the plasma of patients with aplastic anemia (AA). We explore important biomarkers and potential pathways in cyclosporine A (CsA) in the treatment of AA.MethodsPlasma samples from five patients with AA before and after treatment and plasma samples from five healthy people were collected and analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical methods were employed to screen for differential compounds, followed by enrichment analysis of the differentially metabolites.ResultsThe experimental samples showed good stability and reproducibility. A total of 167 differential metabolites, including phospholipids, amino acids, and saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, were identified between AA patients and healthy individuals. Enrichment analysis of differential metabolites revealed the involvement of pathways such as pyrimidine metabolism, galactose metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and forkhead box transcription factors signaling. A total of 26 differential metabolites were identified between AA patients and stable patients after treatment. Enrichment analysis of these metabolites showed the involvement of pathways such as pyrimidine metabolism, linoleic acid/α‐linoleic acid metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and beta‐alanine metabolism.ConclusionSignificant differences in metabolites were observed between AA patients and healthy individuals, suggesting that immune‐related and energy metabolism pathways may be key targets in AA treatment. CsA intervention in AA may be achieved through the regulation of immune‐related metabolic pathways.
Synthesis of ZIF‐8/GO for the Removal of Congo Red From Wastewater With a High Salt Concentration
Authors: Deng Qiulin , Zhang Yuling , Liao Xuanzhe , He Qianru , Zeng Boli , Luo Hong , Shi Lianjun , Jiang Jinlong , Dong Faqin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDye wastewater is high‐concentration salt‐containing chemical wastewater. It contains numerous toxic pollutants that are difficult to degrade, and its direct discharge without treatment will cause serious environmental problems. Herein, ZIF‐8/GO adsorbent was prepared by the one‐pot method to purify wastewater containing Congo red dye (CR). ZIF‐8/GO possessed an SBET of 70.252 m2/g, pore volume of 0.036 cm3/g, and pore size of 3.22 nm. Adsorption experiments of ZIF‐8/GO were performed based on various parameters, such as pH, concentration, dose, temperature, and salt concentration. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of ZIF‐8/GO was better than ZIF‐8 and GO for CR, which the adsorption process of 0.1‐ZIF‐8/GO (10.0 mg) for CR (50 mg/L) reached equilibrium in 60 min at 35 °C under the high‐salt parameter (10 g/L NaCl). And the maximum removal ratio was up to 98%. Adsorption data were fitted using the Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm models and pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model and liquid film diffusion model, intra‐particle diffusion model. The results indicated that the quasi‐second‐order kinetic model and Freundlich model were more suitable to describe the adsorption process for the removal of CR by ZIF‐8/GO. ZIF‐8/GO possesses a high removal ratio and it has promising applications in high‐concentration salts‐containing wastewater.
Effect of Zirconium Addition on Cu/Si Catalyst for Methanol Steam Reforming to Produce Hydrogen
Authors: Li Xin‐Yu , Zhou Jiu‐Lin , Lu Sheng‐Hui , Mei Hua , Xu Yan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe effects of various amounts of zirconium on the catalytic performance of copper‐based catalysts for methanol steam reforming to produce hydrogen were investigated. The correlation between catalyst structure and performance was analyzed using characterization techniques such as SEM, XRD, BET, H2‐TPR, and XPS. The results showed that the Cu/Si catalyst modified with Zr had a larger specific surface area and stronger interaction between CuO, carrier, and Zr, exhibiting better catalytic activity. Additionally, when the zirconium content was 5.6 wt%, the catalyst showed higher Cu dispersion, lower CuO reduction temperature, and accelerated the electron transfer between Cu and Zr, which was conducive to the formation of more active Cu+ species. The methanol conversion reached 100% at a reaction temperature of 270 °C and a molar ratio of water to alcohol of 1.5, while the CO selectivity was only 0.74%.
Continuous Flow Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Enabling Rapid Screening of Synthesis‐Structure‐Property Relationships
Authors: Jellicoe Matt , Yang Yibo , Stokes William , Simmons Matthew , Yang Lina , Foster Stephanie , Aslam Zabeada , Cohen Jennifer , Rashid Ashi , Nelson Andrew L. , Kapur Nikil , Drummond‐Brydson Rik , Chamberlain Thomas W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn adjustable and scalable method for the continuous flow synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), targetted the reduction of their activity to synthetic biomembranes to inform the fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) with reduced toxicity for commercial applications. By manipulating key factors; temperature, residence time, and the ratio of precursor to reductant, precise control over the morphology of CuO NPs is achieved with X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirming the formation of needle‐shaped CuO NPs. One‐variable‐at‐a‐time studies reveal a relationship between the synthesis conditions and the characteristics of the resultant NPs, with CuO NPs varying controllably between 10–50 nanometres in length and 4–10 nanometres in width. Subsequently, Design of Experiment (DoE) exploration of the biomembrane activity of the CuO NPs intriguingly revealed only minimal effects on their membrane‐disruptive properties in the chemical space defined by the synthesis conditions explored. This study marks a significant milestone, as it introduces a facile, easy to scale, continuous flow synthesis of CuO NPs, with control over the length and width of the needle NPs and reveals that, regardless of the exact shape, the NPs have minimal impact on biomembranes, prompting more detailed exploration in the future for use in biomedical applications.
A Modular Self‐Assembling and Self‐Adjuvanting Multiepitope Peptide Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform to Improve the Efficacy and Immunogenicity of BCG
Authors: Zhao Guangzu , Sathkumara Harindra D. , Miranda‐Hernandez Socorro , Seifert Julia , Valencia‐Hernandez Ana Maria , Puri Munish , Huang Wenbin , Toth Istvan , Daly Norelle , Skwarczynski Mariusz , Kupz Andreas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAfter more than a century since its initial development, Bacille Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). Subunit boosters are considered a viable strategy to enhance BCG efficacy, which often wanes in adolescence. While many studies on booster subunit vaccines have concentrated on recombinant proteins, here we developed a novel modular peptide‐based subunit vaccine platform that is flexible, cold‐chain independent and customizable to diverse circumstances and populations. Each individual peptide building block consists of a linear arrangement comprising a 15‐leucine self‐assembly inducer moiety, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) target epitope and an human leukocyte antigen E (HLA‐E) binding moiety, with each moiety separated by a triple lysine spacer. The building blocks, in any combination, are able to form a multiepitope nanoparticle. Six Mtb epitopes were selected to produce the self‐assembling and self‐adjuvating peptide‐based TB nano‐vaccine candidate PNx6. In vivo vaccination‐challenge experiments demonstrated that subcutaneous boost of parenteral BCG immunization with PNx6 significantly enhanced its immunogenicity and improved its protective efficacy in a murine model of TB by more than 5‐fold. This study presents evidence that purely amphiphilic peptides self‐assemble into self‐adjuvating nanoparticles with appropriate size and morphology for TB vaccination with great potential for a multitude of other diseases.
Nanostructured Surfaces with Plasmonic Activity and Superhydrophobicity: Review of Fabrication Strategies and Applications
Authors: Ruzi Mahmut , Celik Nusret , Sahin Furkan , Sakir Menekse , Onses M. Serdar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlasmonics and superhydrophobicity have garnered broad interest from academics and industry alike, spanning fundamental scientific inquiry and practical technological applications. Plasmonic activity and superhydrophobicity rely heavily on nanostructured surfaces, providing opportunities for their mutually beneficial integration. Engineering surfaces at microscopic and nanoscopic length scales is necessary to achieve superhydrophobicity and plasmonic activity. However, the dissimilar surface energies of materials commonly used in fabricating plasmonic and superhydrophobic surfaces and different length scales pose various challenges to harnessing their properties in synergy. In this review, an overview of various techniques and materials that researchers have developed over the years to overcome this challenge is provided. The underlying mechanisms of both plasmonics and superhydrophobicity are first overviewed. Next, a general classification scheme is introduced for strategies to achieve plasmonic and superhydrophobic properties. Following that, applications of multifunctional plasmonic and superhydrophobic surfaces are presented. Lastly, a future perspective is presented, highlighting shortcomings, and opportunities for new directions.
Contact‐Engineered Oxide Memtransistors for Homeostasis‐Based High‐Linearity and Precision Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Nam San , Kang Donghyun , Jeon Seong‐Pil , Nam Dayul , Jo Jeong‐Wan , Park Sang‐Joon , Lee Jiyong , Kim Myung‐Gil , Ha Tae‐Jun , Park Sung Kyu , Kim Yong‐Hoon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHomeostasis is essential in biological neural networks, optimizing information processing and experience‐dependent learning by maintaining the balance of neuronal activity. However, conventional two‐terminal memristors have limitations in implementing homeostatic functions due to the absence of global regulation ability. Here, three‐terminal oxide memtransistor‐based homeostatic synapses are demonstrated to perform highly linear synaptic weight update and enhanced accuracy in neuromorphic computing. Particularly, by leveraging the gate control of contact‐engineered indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (IGZO) memtransistor, synaptic weight scaling is enabled for high‐linearity and precision neuromorphic computing. Moreover, sinusoidal control of gate voltage is demonstrated, possibly enabling the emulation of higher‐order synaptic functions. The device structure of IGZO memtransistor is optimized regarding the source/drain electrode materials and an interfacial layer inserted between the IGZO channel and source electrode. As a result, memtransistors exhibiting high current switching ratio of >104 and reliable endurance characteristics are obtained. Furthermore, through the adaptation of synaptic scaling, emulating the homeostasis, non‐linearity values of 0.01 and −0.01 are achieved for potentiation and depression, respectively, exhibiting a recognition accuracy of 91.77% for digit images. It is envisioned that the contact‐engineered IGZO memtransistors hold significant promise for implementing the homeostasis in neuromorphic computing for high linearity and high efficiency.
Asymmetric Coordination Engineering of Tin Single‐Atom Catalysts Toward CO2 Electroreduction: the Crucial Role of Charge Capacity in Selectivity
Authors: Zhang Juan , Wang Yu , Li Yafei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 is an efficient strategy for CO2 utilization under mild conditions. Tin (Sn) single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are promising candidates due to their controllable CO/formate generation via asymmetric coordination engineering. Nevertheless, the factors that govern the selectivity remain unclear. Herein, using constant‐potential first‐principles calculations, the crucial role of charge capacity in affecting the catalytic selectivity is revealed. The conventional SnN4 moiety of Sn SACs exhibits a physisorbed CO2 configuration at operating potentials, thereby facilitating the generation of their energetically favorable intermediate, *OCHO. Remarkably, oxygen doping on the SnN4 moiety breaks the uniform charge distribution and improves the charge capacity of *CO2. This promotes CO2 adsorption with a V‐shaped chemisorption configuration, which is conducive to the formation of the kinetically dominant *COOH intermediate due to their similar configurations. Therefore, asymmetric coordination engineering not only enhances the reactivity of Sn SACs but also shifts the selectivity from formate to CO. The study provides a mechanistic understanding of CO2 reduction selectivity and offers practical guidance for the rational design of SACs.
A Bioinspired Antifouling Coating Based on “Host–Guest Interaction” Strategy: Durable Slipperiness and Tunable Transparency
Authors: Sun Rui , Zhang Shen , Tong Zheming , Wang Yixue , Gao Feng , Hu Jiankun , Hou Yang , Lu Jianguo , Cong Weiwei , Sun Yiming , Zhan Xiaoli , Zhang Qinghua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLubricant‐mediated surfaces limit their practical application in transparent antifouling due to the inherent drawbacks of lubricant loss and poor transparency. Liquid‐Like Surfaces(LLSs)are expected to solve these problems. Herein, inspired by the skin structure of globefish, some slippery LLSs are prepared with the cyclodextrin–eugenol inclusion complexes as the poison glands and flexible silicone chains as the liquid‐like layer. LLSs kill attached organisms by slowly secreting environmentally friendly eugenol through poison glands. Short‐term explosive release of the drug is avoided owing to host‐guest interactions. In addition, due to low surface energy, the covalently linked flexible silicone chains spontaneously migrate to the surface of the coating, effectively preventing the adhesion of fouling and improving the durability of slippery surfaces, achieving both offense and defense. LLSs exhibit outstanding antifouling, mechanical, and adhesive performance. Interestingly, the transparency of LLSs in seawater and freshwater is quite different. This different behavior is attributed to ion‐dipole interactions weakening the hydrogen bonding of water molecules to the polymer network, which provides some insights into tuning the transparency responsiveness of polymers. Furthermore, LLSs‐coated lenses achieve a long‐lasting transparent application in seawater for 90 days, providing a promising approach for surface antifouling of lenses in marine environments.
Multi‐Dimensional Color Tunable Long Persistent Luminescence in Metal Halide‐Based CPs Through Precise Manipulation of Electronic and Steric Effects
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhu Jia‐Yu , Chen Xin‐Qi , Li Meng‐Yang , Ma Yangmin , Wang Zheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRegulating strategies for long persistent luminescence (LPL) are always in high demand. Herein, a series of coordination polymers (CPs) (SUST‐Z1‐Z4) are fabricated using 1,10‐phenanthroline derivatives involving different substituents (─H, ─CH3, ─Cl, and ─Br) as ligands, respectively. Crystallographic data demonstrate that these CPs adopt alternating arrangements of cadmium halide chains and π‐conjugated ligands. Cadmium halide chains not only bring about heavy atom effects but also introduce abundant intermolecular interactions, including halogen bonding and π–π stacking, favoring the generation of stable triplet excitons. Additionally, distinct substituents featured different electron‐withdrawing abilities give rise to various spatial resistances between Phen planes, thereby resulting in diverse molecular packing modes and electronic structures. Thus, their aggregated state phosphorescence lifetimes range from 6.84 ms (SUST‐Z4) to 91.10 ms (SUST‐Z2), and the colors are modulated from orange to red at room temperature. SUST‐Z2 presents the longest‐lasting RTP and the most obvious red LPL, which is derived from the weakest electron‐withdrawing capability of ─CH3 in ligands. Moreover, owing to the co‐existence of single molecule and aggregated triplet excitons, these CPs also realize dynamic color‐tunable LPL from green/orange to yellow/red depending on the excitation wavelength, temperature, and time‐evolution. Based on quite different LPL of these CPs, multiple anti‐counterfeiting methods are proposed.