bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensifying screen based radioluminescence imaging
Authors: Wang Yirong , Cao Xin , Liang Xiaoyan , Guo Jiaxu , Wang Jing , Kang Fei , Cao Xu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is an attractive technique to visualize radioactive molecular imaging tracers, but its clinical translation is challenged by the weak intensity and poor penetration. Although enhancing strategies based on in situ secondary-excited fluorescence were proposed, the tissue absorption of the in-situ fluorescence was still nonignorable, and the biosafety of the fluorescent materials was non-optimum for clinical use. we proposed an intensifying screen based radioluminescence imaging (ISRLI) technique by replacing the CL-enhancing fluorescent materials within the biological tissue with an intensifying screen on the outside surface of the tissue, which allows γ-ray, instead of in situ fluorescence, to penetrate biological tissue without energy loss and then converts radioactive energy into fluorescence outside the tissue.
Result
The signal intensity of ISRLI was significantly higher than that of CLI for 18F (4478 ± 81.98 vs 293.7 ± 12.67, p < 0.0001) and for 32P (17459 ± 392.98 vs 968 ± 79.54, p < 0.0001), 15.2- and 18.04-fold higher in mean value, respectively. The signal intensity of CLI and ISRLI was linearly well-correlated to the absolute radioactivity (r2 > 0.99). For imaging 18F-FDG, the minimum detection limit of ISRLI was 0.001–0.01 µCi, but that number of CLI was 0.1-1µCi, indicating the sensitivity of ISRLI was 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of CLI. In tumor imaging with 18F-FDG on mice, the photon yield rate of ISRLI was significantly higher than that of CLI (2355 ± 357.4 vs 193 ± 44.06, p = 0.0039 < 0.01), 12.2-fold higher in mean value. In lymphography imaging with 99mTc-dextran (99mTc-DX) on rabbits, ISRLI visualized and located the popliteal lymph nodes with a fine consistency to single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT).
Conclusion
Compared with Cerenkov luminescence, the proposed ISRLI generates a stronger signal with a 15-fold higher intensity and without energy loss in penetrating tissue. This radioluminescence technique may provide a new perspective for the clinical translation of optical imaging.
Experimental Evolution of Various Machine Learning Algorithms for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks using Software Defined Radio
Authors: GINKAWAR SWETHA , Bhandari B. N. Bhandari 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A cognitive radio is a wireless communication system that uses the spectral environment to improve the efficiency of its operations. One of the most important phases of this system is the spectrum sensing. This process involves detecting the presence of signals in a specific frequency band. This paper presents a variety of machine learning-based solutions that are designed to improve the efficiency of the spectrum sensing process. These include K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic regression, and Support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. The paper also shows how these solutions can be used in cooperative spectrum sensing by using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique. The main objective of these solutions is to provide a comprehensive view of the presence of primary users (PUs) in a real-time dataset which is prepared using software defined radio (SDR). They are then used to identify the state of each user in a given area by providing an optimal boundary between presence and absence of primary users to achieve improved performance. The performance of these algorithms is analyzed by taking into account various factors such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1_score and confusion matrix.
The relationship between serum IgE level and IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Mozooni Zahra , Faraji Fatemeh , Minaeian Sara , Bahadorizadeh Leyla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of the digestive system in the world. The immune system is one main constituent of the tumor microenvironment. The discovery of the immune system components that are involved in cancer development has an important role in the detection of novel biomarkers for prognosis, treatment monitoring, and the development of immune-based therapies. This study investigated the serum IgE levels and expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in the tissue and serum of CRC patients and explored their possible association with pathological and clinical factors.
Materials and Methods: 36 patients with CRC and 36 healthy individuals were involved in the study. Tissue and blood samples were collected. Serum levels of IgE and IL-4 and IL-13 were analyzed using the ELISA method. The quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique was used to assess the expression levels of the cytokines in CRC tissue samples in comparison with the adjacent control tissue.
Results: Our results revealed that the serum level of IL-4 and IL-13 and also their gene expression levels were significantly decreased in CRC patients compared to the controls. Although the serum level of IgE was reduced in patients compared to the control group, it was not significant.
Conclusion: These results indicated that IL-4 and IL-13 levels and serum levels of IgE may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.
Clinical results of intramedullary and hemiarthroplasty in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with coronal fracture in elderly
Authors: Qiu Wangbao , Shi Baoqing , Wang Hangban , Liang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To campare the effectiveness of intramedullary and hemiarthroplasty in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with coronal fracture in elderly
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 50 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture with coronal fracture who performed operation between July 2017 and February 2022. According to the different surgical methods ,the patients divided into 2 groups: Group A(27 cases , performed with PFNA/Intertan) and Group B(23 cases, performed with hemiarthroplasy). There was no significant difference in age,gender,BMI,preoperative VAS score,preoperative hemoglobin and serum albumin levels，preopertive prepare time(P＞0.05).Operation time, intraoperative blood loss ,length of hospital stay,postoperative VAS score,postoperative hemoglobin and serum albumin levels,complication，Harris score of postoperative 1,3,6 months were record and compared between the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference in operation time, length of hospital stay, postoperative hemoglobin and serum albumin level，complications between the two groups. There was significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P=0.001). The postoperative VAS scores of the two groups were no significant difference, but the postoperative VAS score were significant greater than preoperative in intra-group . Both of the two operations could effectively relieve pain. The Harris scores of the two groups were statistically significant at 1 month and 3 months after operation, and the function of hemiarthroplasty was better than that of intramedullary fixation, but there was no statistical significance between the two groups at 6 months. However, both surgical can significantly improve the function of patients.
Conclusion: Both PFNA/Intertan intramedullary fixation and hemiarthroplasty can achieve good results for intertrochanteric fractures combined with coronal fractures. The existence of coronal fracture can increase the difficulty of operation. The early functional recovery of hemiarthroplasty is better than that of intramedullary fixation, but with the passage of time, intramedullary fixation can also achieve better function.
The Distribution of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells subsets and Up-regulation of Programmed Death-1/PD-L1 axis in Peripheral Blood of Adult CAP Patients
Authors: Gong Haihong , Zhao Jingquan , Xu Wenshuai , Wan Yinghua , Mou Xiangdong , Zhang Mingqiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to expand and have a potent ability in the expansion of regulatory T cells in malignant and infectious disease. The current study was performed to investigate the role of MDSCs and possible immune mechanisms in dampening immune responses of CAP.
Methods:
The distribution of MDSCs subsets, the PD-1/PD-L1(L2) level of MDSCs subsets and Tregs in the peripheral blood of adult CAP patients and healthy control were measured by flow cytometry analysis.
Results:
PBMCs from CAP patients contained an elevated frequency of both G-MDSC (4.92+0.30 vs 2.25+0.21,p<0.0001) and M-MDSC (19.40+1.30 vs 9.64+0.57,p<0.001) compared to healthy controls. Treg cells in the peripheral blood of CAP patients exhibited increased expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4, accompanied by no difference of their frequency. Moreover, up-regulated expression of PD-L1 on MDSC subsets in the peripheral blood of CAP patients was also revealed. Of note,the frequency of circulating MDSCs subset displayed a positive correlation with neutrophil count percentage in blood in CAP patients.
Conclusions:
In summary, the significant expansion of circulating MDSCs subsets and the up-regulated expression of PD-1/PD-L1 level in CAP patients may suggest the possible involvement of PD-1/PD-L1axis in MDSCs mediated Treg dysfunction at least partially in CAP patients .
The reliability and validity of developing a Chinese Version of a New Toileting Tasks
Authors: Zhuang Hongxia , Wang Xueqi , Jing Xiaolei , Xu Hao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Stroke has become an increasingly serious public health issue worldwide,The assessment of stroke patients' ability to use the toilet can help medical staff master the recovery of patients' daily living ability.This study aimed to present study developed a Chinese version of the toileting tasks assessment form (TTAF) for toileting capacity assessment of patients with Hemiparetic Stroke in China.
Methods: This work was carried out strictly in accordance with the Brislin translation model. After which, the reliability and validation of the new developed scale was estimated. 200 hemiparetic stroke patients (149 females, mean age 66.5 ± 9.5 years) were recruited from the first affiliated hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China to complete the scales. The reliability analysis methods included homogeneity reliability, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability. And the reliability was estimated with intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], internal consistency (Cronbach’s α). The validity analysis was evaluated by surface validity, content validity and construct validity, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients was applied. Afterwards, exploring factor analysis and item analysis method were adopted to screen out the potential items within the scale. We used item analysis method and exploring factor analysis to screen the items.
Results: The Chinese version of TTAF covered 3 dimensions and 24 items: factor 1 (Starting movement of upper limbs, 6 items), factor 2 (Starting movement of lower limbs, 11 items）, factor 3 (Starting movement of Squats, 7 items). The TTAF showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.943) and substantial test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.92, 95% confidence interval（CI）: 0.87-0.95). Fleiss’ κ coefficient for inter-rater reliability for each form item was 0. 78 to 1.00. Cohen’s κ coefficient for intra-rater reliability for each item was 0.68 to 0.96. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients for the mean score on our form and Barthel Index (BI) score for “toileting” ranged from 0.631- 0.893 (p < 0.001). The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the load values of 14 items were 0.547-0.858 (p < 0.01). The fitting indexes of the final model are as follows: χ2/df=1.131, RMSEA=0.084, CFI=0.911, NFL=0.861. The results showed that the model fit well.
Conclusion: The Chinese version of the TTAF scale had relatively high reliability and validity. It provides a reference basis for analyzing the influencing factors of metastasis disorder in stroke patients and formulating prevention and intervention measures through scale evaluation.
Estimation of Apple Mealiness by means of Laser Scattering Measurement
Authors: IIDA Daiki , KOKAWA Mito , KITAMURA Yutaka 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mealiness is a phenomenon in which intercellular adhesions in apples loosen during storage, causing soft and floury texture at the time of eating, and leading to lower consumer preference. Although apples can be stored and commercially sold throughout the year, the occurrence of mealiness is not monitored during storage. Therefore, the objective of this research was to non-destructively estimate the mealiness of apple fruit by means of laser scattering measurement. This method is based on laser light backscattering imaging but can quantify a wider range of backscattered light than the conventional method. Lasers with wavelengths of 633 nm and 850 nm were used as a light source, and after acquiring backscattered images, profiles and images were obtained. Profile features such as curve fitting coefficients and profile gradients, and image features such as statistical image features and texture features were extracted from the profiles and images, respectively. PLS, SVM, and ANN models were used for the estimation of mealiness. The results of the estimation based on these features showed that the ANN model combining both wavelengths had a higher performance (R = 0.634, RMSE = 7.621) than the models constructed from features calculated from the data obtained by a single wavelength. In order to improve the performance of model, we applied various ensemble learning. As a result, the ensemble model showed the highest performance (R = 0.682, RMSE = 7.281). These results suggest that laser scattering measurement is a promising method for estimating the apple fruit mealiness.
Experiences of different types of discrimination in the UK during the first 16 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study
Authors: Paul Elise , Razai Mohammad S. , Burgess Rochelle A. , Burton Alexandra , Fancourt Daisy , McKinlay Alison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study describes the causes and frequency of different types of discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic using mixed methods. Quantitative data on seven types of discrimination were collected from adults in the UCL Covid-19 Social Study in July 2020 and July 2021 (N = 15,154). From those reporting discrimination in July 2020, qualitative thematic analysis classified responses on discrimination from eight free-text questions collected October-November 2020 (N = 1,121). Younger age, belonging to an ethnic minority group, lower household income (< £30,000), higher educational attainment, and having a physical or mental health condition increased the likelihood of having experienced at least one type of discrimination in 2020 and 2021. Descriptions of discrimination related to health and disability, age, social class, race, and gender. Qualitative findings indicate that although there may have been fewer face-to-face instances of discrimination reported, systemic consequences of stigma were heightened during the first year of the pandemic.
Research on Resilience Assessment of Urban Epidemic Prevention Complex Network Driven by Improved SEIR Model
Authors: Zhu Shijie , Cao Lixia , Lang Hui , Wang Tonghui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Due to the unpredictability of Covid-19 and the complexity of community transmission, the existing theories and methods of system resilience assessment can not meet the needs of city epidemic prevention complex network resilience assessment. Therefore, this paper constructs a epidemic transmission complex network and studies the epidemic transmission model on the network---the Improved SEIR. And the paper predicts the development of the epidemic, point out the vulnerability of the network and the vulnerability of epidemic prevention. Then, according to the network structure of epidemic prevention and the results of SEIR model, the new theory and method of epidemic prevention resilience assessment in City A were constructed, and the resilience assessment of complex epidemic prevention network was divided into two dimensions: network structure resilience and urban function resilience. The new methods for the city epidemic prevention complex network resilience assessment are simulationed through measured data. The results show that when the epidemic comes, improving the resilience of urban epidemic prevention functions has a better effect on epidemic prevention and control. The paper integrates improved SEIR models with urban anti-epidemic measures, providing a new approach to resilience assessment of complex systems.
Sustainable developments in near-dry electrical discharge machining process using sunflower oil-mist dielectric fluid
Authors: BOOPATHI SAMPATH , Alqahtani Abdulrahman Saad , Mubarakali Azath , Panchatcharam Parthasarathy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, a near-dry electrical discharge machining (NDEDM) process has been conducted using compressed air mixed with a low quantity of biodegradable refined sunflower oil (called oil-mist) to investigate the machining characteristics. The influences of oil flow rate (OR), air pressure (AR), spark current (SC), and pulse width (PW) on gas emission concentration (GEC), machining rate (MR), and surface roughness (SR) by the Box-Behnken method. The TOPSIS (The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution) technique estimates the parameter optimal set for the best machining characteristics. The optimal machining parameters have been used to examine the microstructure of the machined surfaces using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The 0.981 mg/min of GEC, 55.145 mg/min of machining rate, and 2.43 µm of surface roughness have been attained by the 14 ml/min flow rate, 7 bar of air pressure, 10 A spark current, and 48 µs pulse duration of the sun-flower oil-mist NDEDM process.
Long noncoding RNA LINC00673 sponges miR-188-3p to suppresses osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells through upregulating LEP
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Yilin , Yan Shuyun , Song Yang , Hu Jing , Li Wanheng , Wang Xuxia , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Periodontitis and diabetes are both chronic diseases with a complex bidi- rectional relationship. Diabetes increases the risk of periodontitis by two to three times when compared to people who do not have diabetes. In this study, we used microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in response to advanced glycosylation end prod- ucts (AGEs) and conventional osteogenic induction, and we identified LINC00673 as the target. LINC00673, a recently discovered lncRNA, has been studied in various cancers. However, the function and regulatory mechanism of LINC00673 in PDLSCs exposed to the AGEs microenvi- ronment have never been fully explored. Following that, we predicted an interaction between LINC00673 and miR188-3p and confirmed the direct binding sites of miR-188-3p on LINC00673. MiR-188-3p overexpres- sion resulted in increased osteogenic differentiation, whereas LINC00673 overexpression reversed its suppression, indicating that LINC00673 acts as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-188-3p. By suppressing one another, LINC00673 and miR-188-3p form a network that controls LEP, its target gene. By inhibiting the canonical Wnt pathway, LEP decreased bone formation in PDLSCs. In conclusion, our findings provide new evi- dence that this lncRNA-miRNA (microRNA) regulatory network plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and has the potential to be a therapeutic target for diabetes-related periodontitis.
The effect of impurities in coarse granules of aluminum on its hydrothermal oxidation for hydrogen production
Authors: Ambaryan Grayr , Kumar Vinod , Valyano Georgii , Kiseleva Elena , Buryakovskaya Olesya , Grigorenko Anatoly , Vlaskin Mikhail 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study is devoted to hydrothermal oxidation of aluminum – the exothermic process in which hydrogen and aluminum oxide (or hydroxide) are produced. In this work, the influence of the chemical purity of aluminum on the conversion degree of coarse aluminum at hydrothermal oxidation was studied. Distilled water and coarse granules of aluminum with an average size of ~ 7–10 mm of three different aluminum purity of 99.7, 99.9 and 99.99% were used in the experiments. The oxidation experiments were carried out inside 5-litter autoclave in an isothermal mode at temperatures from 200 to 280°C with a step of 20°C. The holding time at the set temperature changes from 4 to 10 hours. Our results showed that with the increasing of temperature and holding time, the conversion degree increases. It was showed that chemical purity of aluminum influence considerably the oxidation kinetics. More chemically pure aluminum oxidizes much faster, e.g. at a temperature of 280°C and a holding time of 10 hours, the conversion degree of granules with the chemical purity of 99.9% and 99.7% was less than 2%, while 99.99% aluminum was almost fully oxidized.
Novel biphotoswitchable forms of photoconvertible fluorescent proteins SAASoti: the role of the correlated motion(s) of the chromophore
Authors: Gavshina Alexandra , Solovyev Ilya , Marynich Nadya , Ivashina Tatyana , Khrenova Maria , Savitsky Alexander 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The wild type SAASoti and its monomeric variant mSAASoti can undergo phototransformations including reversible photoswitching of the green form to a non-fluorescent state and irreversible photoconversion from green to red form. In this study we extend the photochemistry of mSAASoti variants bringing the ability of reversible photoswitching of the red form. This result is achieved by rational and site-saturated mutagenesis of the M163 and F177 residues that are known to be important for the flexibility of the phenyl part of the chromophore. Thus, novel mSAASoti variants are biphotochromic fluorescent proteins with efficient green-to-red photoconversion and photoswitching of both green and red forms. We got a 30-fold increase in the switching efficiency of the green form and the appearance of a comparable switching of the red form for the C21N/M163T mSAASoti variant. Dynamic network analysis reveals that efficient photoswitching occurs if motions of the H68 residue and phenyl fragment of chromophore are correlated and these moieties belong to the same community.
Single point motion kinematics convey emotional signals in children and adults
Authors: Roberti Elisa , Turati Chiara , Grosso Rossana Actis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study investigated whether humans recognize different emotions conveyed only by the kinematics of a single moving geometrical shape and how this competence unfolds during development, from childhood to adulthood. To this aim, animations in which a shape moved according to a happy, fearful, or neutral kinematics were shown, in a forced-choice paradigm, to 7- and 10-year-old children and adults. Accuracy and response times were recorded, and the movement of the mouse while the participants selected a response was tracked. Results showed that both 10-year-old children and adults recognize happiness and fear when conveyed solely by different kinematic with an advantage for fearful stimuli. Fearful stimuli were accurately recognized also at 7-year-olds, together with neutral stimuli, while, at this age, the accuracy for happiness was not significantly different than chance. Overall, results demonstrate that emotions can be identified by kinematics alone during both childhood and adulthood. Moreover, kinematics contributes in various measures to the comprehension of emotions, with fear kinematic recognized earlier in development and more readily even later on, when all emotions are accurately labeled.