bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students’ Perceived Influence of Broken Homes on their Academic Achievement in Secondary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Anyamene A. N. , Nwanna U. C. , Odo C. O. , Akunne L. I. 
Published: June 2022

Aims: This study seeks to determine students perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in secondary schools in Anambra State.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Anambra State, Nigeria, conducted between August 2021 and January 2022.
Methodology: The design for this study is the descriptive survey research design. The sample size of 420 SS II adolescents (male=262, female=158) gotten through multistage sampling procedure where disproportionate stratified sampling techniques was used to select 5 senior secondary schools from the existing 3 local governments in Onitsha education zone. Secondly, the purposive sampling technique was adopted to sample students from broken homes. To achieve this, a questionnaire on broken homes was administered to secondary schools’ students through this, the sample of the study was drawn and it amounted to 420 secondary school II students from broken homes. The instrument for data collection is a 21 – item structured questionnaire titled “Influence of Broken Homes on Academic Achievement Questionnaire (IBAAQ)”. The face and content validation of the instrument was conducted by two experts in the Department of Guidance and Counselling and one from the Department of Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha statistics and yielded a reliability statistic of 0.715. The data collected was analysed using Mean, Standard Deviation (Mean±STD) and t-test for independent sample.
Results: This study revealed that equal number of the items on students’ perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in English language in secondary schools were rated as agreed to as well as disagreed. More so, there is a significant difference in the mean rating of male and female students on the perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in English Language in secondary schools in Anambra state. Majority of the items raised were agreed to by secondary school students in Anambra state, there is no significant difference in the mean rating of students in urban and rural areas on the perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in Mathematics in secondary schools in Anambra state.
Conclusion: it was concluded that equal number of items raised on students’ perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in English language in secondary schools were rated as agreed to as well as disagreed. This study further concluded to have a significant difference in the mean rating of male and female students on the perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in English Language in secondary schools in Anambra state. On the other hand, there is no significant difference in the mean rating of students in urban and rural areas on the perceived influence of broken homes on their academic achievement in Mathematics in secondary schools in Anambra state.
Atlantoaxial Instability in Children, 26 Years of Experience
Authors: Fondop J. , Atemkeng A. F. , Athyam M. C. , Chefor Alain D. J. A. M. , Djientcheu V. P. , Scavarda . , Guh Pech , Jouve J. , Lena G. , Bolini G. 
Published: June 2022

Study Design: Retrospective case study.
Objective: To determine the history, clinical and imaging signs, diagnosis, treatment and clinical follow-up.
Summary of Background Data: The cranio vertebral junction (CVJ) is a complex transitional area between the skull, the upper cervical spine, the brain and the upper cervical cord. It concerns all ages. Instability can be the result of congenital malformations or traumatic injury.
Methods: It is a retrospective study of patients files in department of paediatricneurosurgery and the department of pediatric orthopedic of Marseille, during 26 years , Between 16th October 1981 and 16th June 2007 In each medical record, we determined identity, circumstances of instability discovery, clinical and paraclinical signs, diagnosis, therapeutic protocol and patient's outcome after treatment.
The inclusion criteria were the medical records with complete information regarding the patients, who were treated for atlantoaxial instability (AAI). Patients presenting clinical instability with incomplete files, have been excluded.
Results: In our retrospective study, 22 children have been treated for AAI, with 10 boys (45%) and 12 girls (55%), aged 5 to 17 years old, mean age was 10.
the main circumstance of lesion was accident 45,5%, sport accident 27,3%, road accident 18,2%), the others circumstances are 55,5%.
The past history included : congenital malformation in 18,2% (Down’s syndrome, Klippel- Fiel’s syndrome, cardiac malformation), sport accident(9,0%), neurological deficit (13,7%), cervical trauma already treated(4,5%), learning deficit (4,5%), and plagiocephaly (4,5%); for 45,6%, there was no evidence etiology.
The clinical signs were quadriparesis (31,9%), quadriplegia (13,6%), torticoli (9,1%), quadriplegia and priapism (4,5%), headache and dizziness (4,5%), abnormal head position attitude (4,5%). Clinical exam was normal for 31,9%.
Standard X-ray was performed for 50,0%, CT scan for 50,0% and MRI for 40,8%.
These paraclinical examination showed that AAI were traumatic in 59,1% (luxation 36,4%, odontoïdum fracture 13,7%, C1C2 dislocation 4,5 %, C2 arch, articular fracture and pseudoarthrosis 4,5%), congenital malformation in 40,9%.
The orthopedic treatment was used for 13,5% of the patients and surgical treatment was used for 86,5% of the patients (posterior approach72,8 %, anterior approach 9,2%, anterior and posterior approach 4,5%).
Complications were observed in 33% of the patients (consisted of infections 14%, Medulla oblongata compression 5%, basilar impression)
72% of the patients recovered without sequela after 15years of follow up, 28% had a neurological deficit during the same time .13% conserved their deficit 5 years after treatment.
Conclusion: In many cases, AAI is an insidious affliction in many cases. A neurological deficit is a sinister presentation often leading to significant sequela even after treatment.
Emotional and Therapeutic Elements of Cigarette Smoking Control: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Latif Usman , Fatima Syeda Arooj , Daniyal Hassan , Zulfiqar Saba , Salman Chaudhary Muhammad , Yasir Muhammad 
Published: June 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of services rendered by health professionals in reducing cigarette smoking at the smoking cessation centers.
Methods: Through May 2020 and April 2021, data from hospitals connected with the University of Health Sciences, Lahore, have been collected. During the same time period, information from DHQ and Allied Hospitals Faisalabad were evaluated using a recent retrospective review. Statistical software was used to calculate the incidence and average values. Chi-square also student t tests remained utilized to evaluate associated variables; p 0.06 remained measured statistically.
Results: The average age of entrance was 39.73 13.21 years (min 14; max 92). Women were older than males at time of admission, although men began smoking earlier. Individuals with fewer than a high school diploma began smoking at a younger age. Once cured through medication also behavioral treatment, the smoking cessation rate remained 38.4 percent (n = 218).
Conclusion: Approximately 49 percent of smokers stopped smoking after receiving medication and behavioral counseling. The majority of smokers was between ages of 31 and 51. More smoking cessation clinics should be built to provide smoking cessation tools to more informed individuals.
Atomic Bridging of Metal‐Nitrogen‐Carbon toward Efficient Integrated Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wulan Bari , Cao Xueying , Tan Dongxing , Shu Xinxin , Zhang Jintao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe rational design of robust electrocatalysts for efficient integrated devices is crucial to enhance energy conversion performance. The coordination of organic ligands with metal ions provides high flexibility to anchor metal atoms among carbon materials. Herein, the atomic anchoring of Zn and Ni atoms into N‐doped carbon networks with adjustable atomic structure is developed by the facile pyrolysis of metal‐organic framework nanoplates in the presence of dicyandiamide. Theoretical calculations reveal the descriptor‐based design principles to adjust the bridging structures of metal‐nitrogen‐carbon moieties with changing d‐band centers, thereby improving electrocatalytic performance. The resulting electrocatalyst displays good multiple electrocatalytic activities for carbon dioxide reduction, oxygen reduction, and evolution reactions, enabling the fabrication of integrated energy devices. Importantly, the CO2‐H2O overall splitting with the as‐prepared electrocatalysts has been driven by the commercial solar cell and the zinc‐air battery assembled with the same catalyst respectively, showing high CO faradaic efficiency up to 90%. Especially, the overall solar‐to‐CO conversion efficiency is up to 13% and the corresponding utilization efficiency of solar‐to‐electricity can reach 54.4%, demonstrating the large promising space to chase the limit that solar cells can possibly achieve. This work provides new opportunities to modulate the atomic bridging structure of metal‐nitrogen‐carbon for integrated electrolysis.
The Synthetic Potential of Thiophenium Ylide Cycloadducts**
Authors: Pommainville Alice , Campeau Dominic , Gagosz Fabien 
Published: June 2022

Abstract(3+2) cycloaddition reactions are undeniably one of the most robust and versatile synthetic tools in heterocyclic chemistry. The classically required 1,3‐dipoles are however limited to three‐atom sequences bearing stabilized formal charges in their Lewis structure. The scope of three‐atom groupings possible in (3+2) cycloadditions can be greatly expanded by taking of advantage neutral three‐atom components (TACs). These groupings result in zwitterionic (3+2) cycloadducts adaptable to multiple outcomes depending on structure and conditions. Herein, the intramolecular (3+2) cycloaddition reaction between alkynyl sulfides (neutral TAC) and alkynes to provide key thiophenium ylide intermediates is first reported. These reactive species provide access to highly substituted fused thiophenes following predictable chemical sequences. Structural features on the obtained thiophenes were highly configurable by judicious choice of both alkynyl sulfide substitution and reaction conditions.
Electrostatic Secondary‐Sphere Interactions That Facilitate Rapid and Selective Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction in a Fe‐Porphyrin‐Based Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Shimoni Ran , Shi Zhuocheng , Binyamin Shahar , Yang Yang , Liberman Itamar , Ifraemov Raya , Mukhopadhyay Subhabrata , Zhang Liwu , Hod Idan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising platforms for heterogeneous tethering of molecular CO2 reduction electrocatalysts. Yet, to further understand electrocatalytic MOF systems, one also needs to consider their capability to fine‐tune the immediate chemical environment of the active site, and thus affect its overall catalytic operation. Here, we show that electrostatic secondary‐sphere functionalities enable substantial improvement of CO2‐to‐CO conversion activity and selectivity. In situ Raman analysis reveal that immobilization of pendent positively‐charged groups adjacent to MOF‐residing Fe‐porphyrin catalysts, stabilize weakly‐bound CO intermediates, allowing their rapid release as catalytic products. Also, by varying the electrolyte's ionic strength, systematic regulation of electrostatic field magnitude was achieved, resulting in essentially 100 % CO selectivity. Thus, this concept provides a sensitive molecular‐handle that adjust heterogeneous electrocatalysis on demand.
Umpolung in einem Paar endständiger Cobalt(III)‐Imido/Imidylkomplexe
Authors: Mao Weiqing , Fehn Dominik , Heinemann Frank W. , Scheurer Andreas , van Gastel Maurice , Jannuzzi Sergio A. V. , DeBeer Serena , Munz Dominik , Meyer Karsten 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDie Umsetzung des CoI‐Komplexes [(TIMMNmes)CoI](PF6) (1) (TIMMNmes=tris‐[2‐(3‐Mesityl‐imidazolin‐2‐yliden)‐methyl]amin) mit Mesitylazid ergibt das CoIII‐Imid [(TIMMNmes)CoIII(NMes)](PF6) (2). Folgende Oxidation mit [FeCp2](PF6) ermöglicht den Zugang zu dem seltenen CoIII‐Imidylkomplex [(TIMMNmes)Co(NMes)](PF6)2 (3). Einkristall‐Röntgenstrukturanalyse und ESR‐Spektroskopie bestätigen die molekulare Struktur von 3 und seinen S=
Grundzustand. ENDOR, Röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie und quantenchemische Rechnungen belegen eine ligandenbasierte Oxidation und damit eine Imidyl‐radikalische elektronische Struktur für 3. Die Insertion einer verfügbaren NHC‐Einheit in den Imidoliganden in 2 ergibt innerhalb 12 Stunden das CoI‐N‐heterocyclische Imin 4. Im Gegensatz dazu dauert es nur eine halbe Stunde, bis sich 3 in das CoII‐Kongener 5 umsetzt. Es wurde weiterhin festgestellt, dass die Insertionsreaktion von 2 zu 4 durch einen nukleophilen Angriff des Imidoliganden am NHC erfolgt, wohingegen sich 3 zu 5 durch einen nukleophilen Angriff des NHCs am elektrophilen Imidylliganden umsetzt. Der Reaktivitätswechsel bei der Oxidation von 2 zu 3 bestätigt eine Umpolung des Imidoliganden.
RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq analyses of multilineage differentiating stress enduring cells: Comparison with dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Mao Xiao‐Qian , Cheng Yan , Zhang Ru‐Zhi , Liu Yi‐Bo , Li Yue , Ge Kang , Jin Hui‐Ling 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to characterize the molecular properties of multilineage differentiating stress‐enduring (Muse) cells compared with dermal fibroblasts (FBs) and to characterize differences in their transcriptomes and open chromatin regions that are involved in cellular plasticity. Assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin with high‐throughput sequencing (ATAC‐seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) analyses was then performed on FBs and Muse cells. Subsequently, cell type‐selective gene regulatory regions were identified by coalition analysis. Expression patterns of transcription factors (TFs) and signaling pathways intermediates were verified using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. RNA‐seq identified 2355 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that regulate the transcriptome, including 1222 upregulated and 1133 downregulated DEGs. The general panorama of RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq analyses confirmed the differences in TFs and open chromatin regions between FBs and Muse cells. ATAC‐seq analysis showed that Muse cells had more reproducible and meaningful peaks than FBs, and the peak signals were concentrated near promoter‐transcription start site areas. In genomic regions that can be preferentially accessed in FBs and Muse cells, more than 200 TFs had binding motif sequences. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and coalition analyses identified differences in factors involved in the cell cycle and the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway of FBs and Muse cells. The results of RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq analyses clarified the genetic basis of the different biological properties of Muse cells and FBs. These results suggest that the cell cycle transition and the AKT signaling pathway may affect the morphology and biological characteristics of Muse cells.
Microcirculation assessment with angiography alone is a reality
Authors: Belardi Jorge , Lamelas Pablo 
Published: June 2022

Key Points
Invasive methods for assessing microcirculation are inconvenient and therefore not performed in usual practice despite being prognostic for most patients.
Assessment of microcirculation using angiography alone has a good diagnostic performance compared to invasive approaches.
Non‐invasive diagnosis of microvascular dysfunction enhances the ability of its measurement in daily practice.
Progress in Convergent Paired Electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Findlater Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConvergent paired electrolysis combines both anodic and cathodic reactions simultaneously in an electrochemical transformation. It provides a highly energy‐efficient and divergent approach to conventionally challenging and useful structures. However, the physical separation of the two half‐electrode reactions makes it extremely difficult to couple the intermediates arising from the two electrodes. In this concept article, four strategies used in convergent paired electrolysis will be discussed from the perspective of the reaction mechanism: a) metal‐catalyzed convergent paired electrolysis, b) convergent paired electrolysis enabled by persistent radical effects, c) microfluidic chemistry applied to convergent paired electrolysis, and d) alternating current electrolysis.
Metal–ligand Lability and Ligand Mobility Enables Framework Transformation via Ligand Release in a Family of Crystalline 2D Coordination Polymers
Authors: Lang Feifan , Singh Daljit C. N. G. , Rao Abhishek B. , Romer Catherine , Wright James S. , Smith Rebecca , Adams Harry , Brammer Lee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA family of seven silver(I)‐perfluorocarboxylate‐quinoxaline coordination polymers, [Ag4(O2CRF)4(quin)4] 1–5 (RF=(CF2)n‐1CF3)4, n=1 to 5); [Ag4(O2C(CF2)2CO2)2(quin)4] 6; [Ag4(O2CC6F5)4(quin)4] 7 (quin=quinoxaline), denoted by composition as 4 : 4 : 4 phases, was synthesised from reaction of the corresponding silver(I) perfluorocarboxylate with excess quinoxaline. Compounds 1–7 adopt a common 2D layered structure in which 1D silver‐perfluorcarboxylate chains are crosslinked by ditopic quinoxaline ligands. Solid‐state reaction upon heating, involving loss of one equivalent of quinoxaline, yielding new crystalline 4 : 4 : 3 phases [Ag4(O2C(CF2)n‐1CF3)4(quin)3]n (8–10, n=1 to 3), was followed in situ by PXRD and TGA studies. Crystal structures were confirmed by direct syntheses and structure determination. The solid‐state reaction converting 4 : 4 : 4 to 4 : 4 : 3 phase materials involves cleavage and formation of Ag−N and Ag−O bonds to enable the structural rearrangement. One of the 4 : 4 : 3 phase coordination polymers (10) shows the remarkably high dielectric constant in the low electric field frequency range.
Enabling transmission status detection in grant‐free power domain non‐orthogonal multiple access for massive Internet of Things
Authors: Shahab Muhammad Basit , Johnson Sarah J. , Shirvanimoghaddam Mahyar , Dohler Mischa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGrant‐free access has been identified as a potential solution to support massive machine‐type communications by avoiding the high signaling overhead and latency issues of existing grant‐based channel access mechanisms. Motivated by this, the work in this article proposes a simple, yet efficient, strategy to enable power domain non‐orthogonal multiple access (PD‐NOMA) aided grant‐free communication, where devices can transmit their data in an arrive‐and‐go manner by using randomly chosen power levels. The focus here is on collision detection, which is of prime importance in grant‐free systems. In the considered grant‐free PD‐NOMA scheme, collisions occur when multiple users randomly choose the same resource block and power level for data transmission, which makes it difficult for the base station (BS) to distinguish between their data. Accordingly, the proposed technique aims at early collision detection by introducing special activity indicator symbols (AIS), which are transmitted by each active device before, or at the start of, the actual data packet. The BS then exploits these known AIS to identify successful transmissions and collisions before processing actual data, which avoids unnecessary data transmission by users and/or receiver processing in case of collisions, and prepares the receiver for appropriate data recovery otherwise. It is demonstrated that the proposed technique provides a low complexity and high performance solution to enable transmission status detection in grant‐free PD‐NOMA.
Acquired factor VII inhibitor associated with primary central nervous system Lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Goyal Vanshika , Salmasi Giselle , Leavitt Andrew D. , Rubenstein James L. , Banerjee Rahul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParaneoplastic coagulopathies are uncommon in patients with lymphoma. We report the first case of an acquired coagulopathy in a patient with isolated primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) demonstrating large‐cell histology. In our patient, a paraneoplastic factor VII inhibitor significantly delayed a diagnostic lumbar puncture despite fresh frozen plasma and inactivated prothrombin complex concentrate. While her coagulopathy was effectively overcome with recombinant activated factor VIIa and subsequently with lymphoma‐directed therapy, her delayed diagnosis likely contributed to a poor outcome. Our case highlights the importance of rapidly identifying and correcting paraneoplastic coagulopathies when PCNSL is suspected.
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on changes in antimicrobial prophylaxis and development of genito‐urinary tract infections after urodynamic study: A retrospective comparative study of a single rehabilitation hospital in Japan
Authors: Mukai Shigeto , Nomi Masashi , Kozawa Sae , Yanagiuchi Akihiro , Shigemura Katsumi , Sengoku Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate the changes in the proportion of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AP) during the urodynamic study (UDS) and the frequency of posttest genito‐urinary tract infections (GUTI) before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, and evaluate this associations.Patients and MethodsPatients who underwent UDS between 2015 and 2021 were targeted, and they were allocated to pre‐2020 as before the appearance of COVID‐19 and post‐2020 as after that, and propensity score matching was performed. The impact on AP was assessed by the administration rate, and that on the development of febrile GUTI after UDS was assessed for an equivalence by the GUTI‐free rate at 7 days after testing.ResultsAfter matching, 384 cases of 192 cases each were included. The frequency of AP was 58.3% in pre‐2020 and 77.1% in post‐2020, an increase of about 19%, and the rate increased significantly in post‐2020 (p < 0.001). However, the incidence of GUTI after UDS was 4.2% and 4.7%, respectively, with no significant difference. The ratio of GUTI‐free rates was within the equivalence margin, confirming an equivalence before and after the appearance of COVID‐19.ConclusionsUnder the influence of COVID‐19 pandemic, even though AP rate during UDS was increased by 19% from that brought by following the guideline‐based administration methods, the frequency of GUTI after UDS was similar, so it is thought to be important to use AP during UDS appropriately for high‐risk cases as recommended in the guidelines.
Systematic Builder for All‐Atom Simulations of Plastically Bonded Explosives
Authors: Li Chunyu , Hamilton Brenden W. , Shen Tongtong , Alzate Lorena , Strachan Alejandro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe shock to detonation transition in heterogeneous plastically bonded explosives is dominated by energy localization into hotspots that arise from the interaction of the shockwave with microstructural features and defects. The complex polycrystalline structure of these materials leads to a network of hotspot that can coalesce into deflagration and detonation waves. Significant progress has been made on the formation and potency of hotspots using atomistic simulations, but most of the work has focused on ideal and isolated defects. Hence, developed a method, denoted PBXGen, to build realistic PBX microstructures for all‐atom simulations. PBXGen is generally applicable, and we demonstrate it with two systems: an RDX‐polystyrene PBX with a 3D microstructure and a TATB‐polystyrene with columnar grains. The resulting structure exhibit key features of PBXs, albeit at smaller scales, and are validated against experimental mechanical and shock properties.