bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A U.S. heat disaster? Intersection of social vulnerability and temperature extremes exacerbated by mid-century climate change and population shifts
Authors: Popp Zachary , Lane Kevin J , Wellenius Gregory A , Sue Wing Ian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Future impacts of climate change-driven increases in extreme heat exposure on population health will be driven both by the frequency and intensity of future heat, as well as changes in the size and vulnerability of affected communities. Given indications of spatial persistence of social vulnerability across the U.S., we explore the implications for heat exposures of the most vulnerable populations due to mid-century climate change. Population heat exposure is estimated by combining heat hazard with population growth projections. Specifically, median projected acute (95% maximum temperature), extreme (hot days, daily maximum heat index >40C), and chronic (cooling degree days) heat hazard are assessed in contemporary (1995-2014) and projected (2041-2060) epochs across 25+ climate models under three climate scenarios against 2020 social vulnerability index (SVI). By mid-century, increases in both chronic and extreme heat will be concentrated in the South region. Population is expected to grow faster in census tracts at the high and low extrema of the social vulnerability index. The intersection of these projected future trends suggests that the intensity and exacerbation of heat exposures due to climate change will not be evenly distributed across the population. Individuals who are most vulnerable today will face disproportionately larger heat exposures circa mid-century. Populations in high SVI areas will both increase in size and experience the largest increases in extreme heat exposure. Spatial aggregation masks fine scale changes. While cities and counties with concentrations of vulnerable populations will face rightward shifts in the tails of their temperature across the U.S., extreme and especially chronic population heat exposures will be concentrated in a swath stretching across southern U.S. states. The magnitude of population heat exposure changes and their intersection with underlying vulnerability require action to focus adaptation resources on resilience to extreme heat.
An Introduction to Jewish Law and an Introduction to International Law: Two Legal Systems that Transcend Territoriality
Authors: Broyde Michael J , Elazar-De Mota Yehonatan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces the foundational elements of both Jewish law and international law, emphasizing their shared characteristic of transcending territorial boundaries. It traces the development of international law from European legal thought rooted in Roman law while demonstrating that Jewish law, through its biblical and Talmudic sources, emerged independently but parallels international legal principles in significant ways. Both systems rely heavily on judges and customary practices due to the absence of a centralized enforcement mechanism. The chapter also initiates a dialogue between Jewish and international legal scholars, suggesting that such interactions can enrich both systems, particularly in areas like treaties and the pursuit of peace. Ultimately, it aims to foster a new scholarly discourse by highlighting the mutual benefits of a comparative study between these two legal systems.
Jewish Law and Antisemitic Legal Systems: The Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Broyde Michael J , Elazar-De Mota Yehonatan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses the historical and contemporary challenges that Jewish law faces when it intersects with antisemitic legal systems. It provides a thorough examination of how Jewish communities have historically navigated biased or hostile legal frameworks from medieval Europe to modern international law. The chapter also explores how Jewish legal thought has responded to antisemitic elements in legal systems and offers insights into Jewish law’s capacity to resist, survive, and reform under such conditions. It discusses ongoing efforts to address antisemitism within legal contexts today and, as well, offers strategies for combating bias through Jewish legal mechanisms and international law.
Comparison of hospitalisation settings and exercise interventions in acute care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Etayo-Urtasun Paula , Sáez de Asteasu Mikel L , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Inpatient hospitalisation is associated with adverse outcomes in older adults, including hospital-associated deconditioning. The hospital-at-home (HaH) model may promote physical activity. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares functional outcomes between inpatient and HaH settings and evaluates the efficacy of exercise interventions in both settings.

Methods
Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect were conducted on 27 April 2024. Three distinct searches were performed: (i) studies comparing HaH and inpatient hospitalisation, (ii) trials evaluating inpatient exercise interventions and (iii) research on HaH exercise interventions. Two reviewers independently selected studies published from 2014 onwards using the PICOS framework and they assessed quality using PEDro scale. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to analyse exercise interventions. This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024598286).

Results
Among the 9470 studies identified, nine studies comparing acute-care settings and 21 studies on exercise interventions (one in HaH) were included. Findings suggest that HaH may positively affect functional and cognitive outcomes. Inpatient exercise interventions significantly improved physical performance [standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12–0.72] and functional independence (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.14–0.77) at discharge.

Conclusion
HaH may contribute to preserving physical and cognitive status. Supervised exercise interventions during inpatient hospitalisation are safe and effective for improving older adults’ functional status, although further research in the HaH model is needed.
Season-long microbial dynamics from the cuticle of rice weevil originating at food facilities after dispersal to novel food patches
Authors: Morrison William R , Ponce Marco A , Castaldi Joseph , James Avery , Stoll Ian , Moreland Jenna , Abshire Jennifer , Kim Tania N , Gerken Alison R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stored-product insects may pose food safety concerns due to their capacity to vector harmful microbes. As climate change progresses, the propensity for vectoring may be affected by temperature. Vectoring capacity may also fluctuate over the season. Thus, we evaluated (i) how the area of microbial growth and morphospecies richness vary over the season from field-collected Sitophilus oryzae that were allowed to disperse onto a novel food patch habitat comprised of agar and (ii) whether temperature in the week preceding collection of S. oryzae affected growth and richness. On a weekly basis during 2022 and 2023, we introduced S. oryzae onto agar, and photographed patches at 3 and 5 d, characterizing growth with ImageJ and visually scoring richness. There was 1.4- to 1.6-fold more microbial growth in patches at 5 d compared to 3 d in both years. The greatest microbial growth consistently occurred from S. oryzae collected during the wheat and maize harvest in grain bins, while morphospecies richness increased progressively over time. We observed an 11-fold and 3-fold increase in the number of morphospecies at the end of the season compared to the beginning in 2022 and 2023. There was 2.1- to 316-fold more microbial growth during the wheat (Jun to Jul) and maize harvest (Sep to Oct) compared to early May. We found a positive exponential relationship between temperature in the field and microbial growth in both years. This study expands our understanding of insect–microbe interactions after harvest and highlights variable periods of risk by food facilities over the season.
Individual and Joint Effects of Red Blood Cell Traits on Hypertension: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: He Zhen , Chen Zekai , Wang Yuxian , Qin Hailun , Wu Weiqiang , Fu Peng , Chen Shuohua , Wu Shouling , Chen Youren 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
Previous reports found positive associations between RBC traits (RBC count and hemoglobin) and hypertension, but their individual and joint effects on new-onset hypertension by sex are unclear.

Methods
This longitudinal study involved 51,663 adults from the Kailuan Cohort. We utilized weighted Cox regression models to evaluate the individual and joint effects of RBC count and hemoglobin on new-onset hypertension by sex. Restricted cubic splines regression and Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to evaluate the nonlinear relationships and depict the differential survival probabilities, respectively.

Results
In the longitudinal analysis regarding individual effects, we found positive associations between RBC count and hemoglobin with new-onset hypertension in both men and women. As for joint effects, we discovered that subjects with higher RBC counts than the median but lower hemoglobin values than the median, labeled as RBC (+) & Hemoglobin (-), had a higher risk of hypertension in women (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.39) compared to those categorized as RBC (-) & Hemoglobin (-), yet not in men. Additionally, subjects with lower RBC values than the median but higher hemoglobin values than the median, denoted as RBC (-) & Hemoglobin (+), exhibited an increased risk of hypertension in men (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.18) compared to those classified as RBC (-) & Hemoglobin (-), but not in women. These findings were consistent in sensitivity and cross-sectional analyses.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that RBC count primarily plays a role in women’s hypertension, while hemoglobin mainly affects hypertension in men.
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Unvaccinated 16-20-Year-Old Males in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Wolfe Catherine , Ionescu Iulia Gabriela , Mayrand Marie-Hélène , Coutlée François , Sauvageau Chantal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The province of Quebec (Canada) has had a school-based Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program with high coverage since 2008, with more than 90% of girls having received at least one quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV) dose by age 15. In 2018, Quebec was the first jurisdiction to switch to a mixed schedule (nonavalent+bivalent), and as such wanted to evaluate it. However, when devising an evaluation strategy for new vaccine schedules, the presence of herd effect needs to be ascertained. With this in mind, this study aimed to measure HPV prevalence among unvaccinated 16-20-year-old sexually active men.

Methods
In 2020-2022, men were recruited from schools and online across the province of Quebec. Participants completed an online questionnaire and provided a self-collected penile swab (surface) for HPV detection and genotyping (Anyplex™ II-HPV28 Detection assay). Risk factors associated with HPV positivity were assessed. Vaccination status (unvaccinated) was verified through the Quebec Vaccination Registry.

Results
Overall, 369 participants provided a sample suitable for HPV testing. HPV prevalence was 18.4% (95%CI:14.6-22.8). Only two participants harbored a 4vHPV-targeted genotype (0.5%; 95%CI:0.1-1.9), both reporting sexual contact with men. In multivariate analysis, age, greater number of lifetime sexual partners and history of other sexually transmitted infections were independently associated with positivity for at least one HPV genotype.

Conclusion
The low 4vHPV-targeted genotypes prevalence (˂1%) among unvaccinated men of the same age as women vaccinated with 4vHPV suggests a strong herd immunity among young adults in Quebec. Evaluation of schedule changes will have to take this finding into account.
Is the microbiome important in celiac disease?
Authors: Galipeau Heather J , Verdu Elena F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune condition driven by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. CeD is characterized by small intestinal villous atrophy but presents with a spectrum of gastrointestinal and systemic manifestations. Its only treatment is a strict, life-long adherence to a gluten-free diet, which is difficult to manage and does not always lead to symptomatic or mucosal recovery. About 40% of the population express the CeD-associated risk genes, but only 1%-2% of the worldwide population has CeD. This, along with the rising prevalence of CeD suggests other cofactors in disease pathogenesis. The gut microbiome has been implicated in CeD based on epidemiology studies and clinical associations. Mechanistic studies using relevant in vitro and in vivo preclinical models have begun to elucidate mechanisms through which microbes can influence CeD. Ultimately, a better understanding of these cofactors and their mechanisms will provide rationale intervention strategies and novel therapeutic targets to prevent or treat CeD.
DyS-MPADE: A Novel Multi-population Adaptive Differential Evolution Methodology Based on Dynamic Subpopulation
Authors: Huang Chen , Zhu Junyi , Xu Mingyao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Differential evolution (DE) is widely recognized in global optimization. However, it is not immune to the issue of premature convergence. To address this challenge, a dynamic subpopulation-based DE algorithm (i.e., DyS-MPADE) is presented in this paper. In DyS-MPADE, spectral hashing clustering is introduced to adaptively adjust the population structure. The innovative approach enhances SHADE's capacity by balancing exploration and exploitation, thereby improving its convergence properties. The population of DyS-MPADE is decomposed into subpopulations, facilitating independent evolution and emulating geographical separation. The number of subpopulations is dynamically adjusted by clustering analysis of optimal and pessimal individuals. We conducted a thorough evaluation of DyS-MPADE using the CEC 2017 benchmark functions to assess its performance of different dimensions. Compared to DE, JADE, SHADE, BDE, BeSD, ESOA, ARO, SHO, GRO and DO, the average ranks of DyS-MPADE are 1.76 and 1.2 in 50 and 100 dimensions, respectively. The accuracy of DyS-MPADE is superior to SHADE and other state-of-the-art DE variants. Additionally, DyS-MPADE is applied to airport gate allocation problem, where it demonstrated better performance compared to other algorithms, indicating its significance for engineering applications.
Host-feeding behavior of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in North Dakota, 2003 to 2006
Authors: Anderson John F , Bransfield Angela , Misencik Michael J , Jones Sydney , Main Andy J , Armstrong Philip M , Andreadis Theodore G , Molaei Goudarz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mosquitoes are abundant near temporary, semipermanent, and permanent water in North Dakota and are associated with human and veterinary diseases. Little is known about the feeding habits of mosquitoes as related to the transmission of arboviruses. We report on the identification of vertebrate hosts of 9 species of mosquitoes collected in 2003 to 2006. Blood meals of 1,223 from 9 mosquito species were identified to vertebrate species by PCR assays using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Aedes dorsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culiseta inornata fed only on mammals, and Aedes vexans fed almost exclusively on mammals. Aedes trivittatus fed significantly more on mammals than on birds. Culex tarsalis acquired blood meals from the most diverse group of vertebrates, frequently fed on American Robins, and did not exhibit a seasonal shift of feeding on birds to mammals. The extensive feeding of Cx. tarsalis on passerine birds and the isolation of West Nile virus (WNV) from 2 specimens that had fed on passerines supports their role in horizontal transmission of WNV. This species also transmits western equine encephalitis virus. Host feeding by Ae. trivittatus, Ae. vexans, Cs. inornata, and Ae. dorsalis in relation to their possible importance in transmission of trivittatus virus, Cache Valley virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, Potosi virus, or snowshoe hare virus is presented. The identification of host feeding behavior pattern of specific species of mosquitoes enhances our understanding of the enzootic and epizootic nature of 7 viruses in North Dakota.
Intelligent design of mechanical metamaterials: a GCNN-based structural genome database approach
Authors: Hao Wenyu , Du Zongliang , Hou Xiuquan , Guo Yilin , Liu Chang , Zhang Weisheng , Gao Huajian , Guo Xu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The reciprocal mapping between the geometry and properties of a unit cell is crucial for the intelligent and inverse design of advanced materials and structural systems. Beyond classical homogenization-based numerical methods, this paper presents an efficient and accurate mapping between the geometry and properties of a class of unit cells described by moving morphable components, achieved via a graph convolutional neural network (GCNN). This leads to a structural genome database (SGD) approach for the intelligent design of mechanical metamaterials. Using the SGD approach, metamaterials exhibiting the Hashin-Shtrikman upper bound of bulk modulus, auxetic behavior, and unimodal property have been created, with design efficiency improved by 3-4 orders of magnitude. Additionally, transfer learning and a small amount of training data allow the SGD to predict non-local behaviors beyond a unit cell, such as optimized unit cells with critical buckling strength enhanced by nearly 200% and a bandgap metamaterial with a relative bandgap width of 51%. Experimentally validated optimized metamaterials demonstrate auxetic behavior and superior buckling resistance. The proposed SGD approach holds promise for the advanced design of multi-scale and multi-physics systems.
Rheumatoid factors revisited in the age of biologic therapy
Authors: Avci Ali Berkant , Feist Eugen , Burmester Gerd R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The discovery of RF has been instrumental in diagnosing and classifying RA. Various RF isotypes, including IgM-RF and IgA-RF, have been linked to disease severity and treatment responses. The role of RF in RA pathogenesis, primarily through the formation of immune complexes, also carries the potential to influence the response to different medications. Recent progress in biologic therapies has further elucidated the role of RF in RA management. Treatments such as rituximab, abatacept and tocilizumab have shown differential efficacy based on RF status, with RF-positive patients often exhibiting better responses. Recent research also suggests that TNF inhibitors (TNFi) lacking the IgG1-Fc fragment like certolizumab pegol (CZP) may offer advantages over TNFi with an IgG1-Fc fragment, in RF-positive patients by preventing immune complex formation. Since this early observation is predominantly derived from previous multicentre studies with heterogeneous populations and potentially varying RF measurement methods, prospective randomized studies directly addressing this issue are essential for a more thorough and reliable evaluation. This paper is a narrative review outlining the evolving understanding of RF in the context of biologic therapies, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment approaches based on serological profiles and underlying immune mechanisms.
SEPT14 complexes maintain sperm morphogenesis and function
Authors: Wang Han‐Yu , Chen Kuan‐Ru , Yeh Bor‐Chun , Li Wei‐De , Wu Shang‐Rung , Ching Yung‐Hao , Wang Chia‐Yih , Kuo Pao‐Lin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMutations in the septin (SEPT) family lead to male infertility. Septin 14 (SEPT14) is abundantly expressed in the testis, and its expression is significantly reduced in individuals with teratozoospermia, suggesting that SEPT14 may play a role in spermatogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that Sept14 is expressed mainly at the acroplaxome, manchette, neck, and annulus during spermiogenesis. To study the role of SEPT14 in sperm morphogenesis and function, the Sept14 knockout (Sept14−/−) mice were generated. The Sept14−/− male mice were subfertile and presented phenotypes such as irregular acrosomes, DNA damage, disorganized mitochondria, and displaced annuli. These abnormalities contributed to reduced sperm motility and impaired capacitation. Mechanistically, in the sperm head, SEPT14 interacted and colocalized with microtubules and actin during the manchette formation at the sperm metamorphosis phase. In the annulus, SEPT14 interacted with SEPT9, SEPT7, and SEPT2 to form the septin filaments to maintain the localization of the annulus. The GTP‐binding domain (GBD) of SEPT14 interacted with the GBD of SEPT2, whereas the C‐terminus of SEPT14 interacted with the GBD of SEPT7. Thus, our study reveals a role of SEPT14 in mediating sperm morphogenesis.
Speech and Non-Speech Auditory Task Performance by Non-Native English Speakers
Authors: McNamara Bridget , Brungart Douglas S. , Bieber Rebecca E. , Phillips Ian , Davidson Alyssa J. , Gordon-Salant Sandra 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
The goal of this study was to determine if performance on speech and non-speech clinical measures of auditory perception differs between two groups of adults: self-identified native speakers of English and non-native speakers of English who speak Spanish as a first language. The overall objective was to establish whether auditory perception tests developed for native English speakers are appropriate for bilingual Spanish-speaking adults who self-identify as non-native speakers of English. A secondary objective was to determine whether relative performance on English- and Spanish-language versions of a closed-set speech perception in noise task could accurately predict native-like performance on a battery of English language–dependent tests of auditory perception.

Design:
Participants were young, normal-hearing adults who self-identified as either native speakers of American English (n = 50) or as non-native speakers of American English (NNE; n = 25) who spoke Spanish as their first language. Participants completed a battery of perceptual tests, including speech tests (e.g., Quick Speech-in-Noise, time-compressed reverberant Quick Speech-in-Noise, etc.) and non-speech tests (Gaps in Noise, Frequency Pattern test, Duration Pattern test, Masking Level Difference). The English version of the Oldenburg Sentence test (OLSA) was administered to both groups; NNE participants also completed the Spanish version of the OLSA.

Results:
Analyses indicate that the native speakers of the American English group performed significantly better than the NNE group on all speech-based tests and on the two pattern recognition tests. There was no difference between groups on the remaining non-speech tests. For the NNE group, a difference of more than 2 SD on group-normalized scores for the English and Spanish OLSA accurately predicted poorer than normal performance on two or more tests of auditory perception with a language-dependent component either in the instructions or the stimuli.

Conclusions:
The results indicate that a number of English-based tests designed to assess auditory perception may be inappropriate for some Spanish-English bilingual adults. That is, some bilingual adults may perform worse than expected on tests that involve perceiving spoken English, in part because of linguistic differences, and not because of unusually poor auditory perception. The results also support the use of preliminary speech-in-noise screening tests in each of a bilingual patient’s languages to establish if auditory perception tests in English are appropriate for a given individual. If a non-native English speaker’s screening performance is worse in English than in the native language, one suggested strategy is to select auditory perceptual tests that are impacted minimally or not at all by linguistic differences.