bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic behavior of novel low‐damage precast infill walls with sliding joints for reinforced concrete frame
Authors: Zhang Chao , Yu Tianhao , Chen Zhangyan , Huang Weiyuan , Zhang Shaohua , Zhou Yun , Lu Dehui , Lin Zexin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe detrimental infill‐frame interaction and vulnerable nature of the traditional solid infill walls might change the seismic behavior of the infilled reinforced concrete frames. To mitigate the adverse infill‐frame interaction and protect the fragile infill walls, in this paper, an innovative solution by partitioning the infill wall panels with low‐strength mortar sliding joints and uncoupling the infill from the boundary frame by flexible materials is presented for the reinforced concrete frames. Three 1/2 scale specimens designed in this context were examined experimentally and numerically, and a simplified model is developed for the proposed infill system. Test results show that the presented low‐damage infill system could effectively mitigate the adverse infill‐frame interaction and considerably prevent corner crushing or damage to the infill wall panels so that the reinforced concrete frame with the proposed infill system behaves similarly to the bare frame. Thanks to the working mechanism of the infill system, the proposed wall panels have a relatively high energy conversion efficiency from inter‐story displacement to the energy dissipation capacity of the infilled frame. Moreover, the developed simplified infill model could well capture the hysteretic behaviors of the proposed low‐damage infill system and improve the calculation efficiency. Parametric analysis results indicate that the friction factor of the sliding joints plays a significant role in enhancing the seismic behavior of the novel low‐damage infilled system.
Morphology and architectural analysis ofCopaifera pubifloraseedlings (Detarioideae, Leguminosae)
Authors: Silva Lealdina Miranda e , Rodrigues Rodrigo Schütz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCopaiferaL. is a woody legume genus with 42 species that produce valuable terpenoid oleoresins used in medicine and industrial activities.Copaiferabelongs to the Detarieae (Detarioideae) and is part of a clade together with five other genera. We describe the seedling morphology ofCopaifera pubifloraBenth. based on plant architectural analysis to shed light on its post‐seminal shoot development. Seeds of this species were collected from a wild population in Roraima State, Brazil. Seedlings ofC. pubiflorahave preformed shoots with determinate and rhythmic growth. Each growth unit has two reduced leaf scales that correspond to a pair of prophylls followed by two or three scale‐like stipules and one distal eophyll. Besides,C. pubiflorahas a monochasial sympodial branching with delayed branches. Current evidence indicates that mostCopaiferaspecies, includingC. pubiflora, have phanerocotylar, epigeal, reserve seedlings with a cataphyll‐free epicotyl and scale‐like structures on the first internode after the epicotyledonary axis. Based on the available data, a comprehensive view ofCopaiferaseedlings from both the Old and New Worlds is also presented.
A dynamic performance evaluation of distress prediction models
Authors: Mousavi Mohammad Mahdi , Ouenniche Jamal , Tone Kaoru 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSo far, the dominant comparative studies of competing distress prediction models (DPMs) have been restricted to the use of static evaluation frameworks and as such overlooked their performance over time. This study fills this gap by proposing a Malmquist Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)‐based multi‐period performance evaluation framework for assessing competing static and dynamic statistical DPMs and using it to address a variety of research questions. Our findings suggest that (1) dynamic models developed under duration‐dependent frameworks outperform both dynamic models developed under duration‐independent frameworks and static models; (2) models fed with financial accounting (FA), market variables (MV), and macroeconomic information (MI) features outperform those fed with either MVMI or FA, regardless of the frameworks under which they are developed; (3) shorter training horizons seem to enhance the aggregate performance of both static and dynamic models.
Commodity tail risks
Authors: Ammann Manuel , Moerke Mathis , Prokopczuk Marcel , Würsig Christoph Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the cross‐section of option‐implied tail risks in commodity markets. In contrast to findings from equity markets, left and right tail risks implied by option markets are both large. Commodity‐specific variables exert the largest influence on tail risk, while there is no evidence of systematic commodity factors that are linked to tail risk. Additionally, we find strong links to the equity markets, but also comovements to macroeconomic factors. Left or right tail risks are largely independent of variance risk premiums. Finally, both left and right tail risks are priced in the cross‐section of commodity futures returns.
Both brain size and biological sex contribute to variation in white matter microstructure in middle‐aged healthy adults
Authors: Eikenes Live , Visser Eelke , Vangberg Torgil , Håberg Asta K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhether head size and/or biological sex influence proxies of white matter (WM) microstructure such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) remains controversial. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices are also associated with age, but there are large discrepancies in the spatial distribution and timeline of age‐related differences reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between intracranial volume (ICV), sex, and age and DTI indices from WM in a population‐based study of healthy individuals (n = 812) aged 50–66 in the Nord‐Trøndelag health survey. Semiautomated tractography and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses were performed on the entire sample and in an ICV‐matched sample of men and women. The tractography results showed a similar positive association between ICV and FA in all major WM tracts in men and women. Associations between ICV and MD, radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity were also found, but to a lesser extent than FA. The TBSS results showed that both men and women had areas of higher and lower FA when controlling for age, but after controlling for age and ICV only women had areas with higher FA. The ICV matched analysis also demonstrated that only women had areas of higher FA. Age was negatively associated with FA across the entire WM skeleton in the TBSS analysis, independent of both sex and ICV. Combined, these findings demonstrated that both ICV and sex contributed to variation in DTI indices and emphasized the importance of considering ICV as a covariate in DTI analysis.
Modelling the depth‐dependent VASO and BOLD responses in human primary visual cortex
Authors: Akbari Atena , Bollmann Saskia , Ali Tonima S. , Barth Markus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a blood‐oxygenation‐level‐dependent (BOLD) contrast is a common method for studying human brain function noninvasively. Gradient‐echo (GRE) BOLD is highly sensitive to the blood oxygenation change in blood vessels; however, the spatial signal specificity can be degraded due to signal leakage from activated lower layers to superficial layers in depth‐dependent (also called laminar or layer‐specific) fMRI. Alternatively, physiological variables such as cerebral blood volume using the VAscular‐Space‐Occupancy (VASO) contrast have shown higher spatial specificity compared to BOLD. To better understand the physiological mechanisms such as blood volume and oxygenation changes and to interpret the measured depth‐dependent responses, models are needed which reflect vascular properties at this scale. For this purpose, we extended and modified the “cortical vascular model” previously developed to predict layer‐specific BOLD signal changes in human primary visual cortex to also predict a layer‐specific VASO response. To evaluate the model, we compared the predictions with experimental results of simultaneous VASO and BOLD measurements in a group of healthy participants. Fitting the model to our experimental data provided an estimate of CBV change in different vascular compartments upon neural activity. We found that stimulus‐evoked CBV change mainly occurs in small arterioles, capillaries, and intracortical arteries and that the contribution from venules and ICVs is smaller. Our results confirm that VASO is less susceptible to large vessel effects compared to BOLD, as blood volume changes in intracortical arteries did not substantially affect the resulting depth‐dependent VASO profiles, whereas depth‐dependent BOLD profiles showed a bias towards signal contributions from intracortical veins.
Cortical structural changes after subcortical stroke: Patterns and correlates
Authors: Liu Jingchun , Wang Caihong , Qin Wen , Ding Hao , Peng Yanmin , Guo Jun , Han Tong , Cheng Jingliang , Yu Chunshui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSubcortical ischemic stroke can lead to persistent structural changes in the cerebral cortex. The evolution of cortical structural changes after subcortical stroke is largely unknown, as are their relations with motor recovery, lesion location, and early impairment of specific subsets of fibers in the corticospinal tract (CST). In this observational study, cortical structural changes were compared between 181 chronic patients with subcortical stroke involving the motor pathway and 113 healthy controls. The impacts of acute lesion location and early impairments of specific CSTs on cortical structural changes were investigated in the patients by combining voxel‐based correlation analysis with an association study that compared CST damage and cortical structural changes. Longitudinal patterns of cortical structural change were explored in a group of 81 patients with subcortical stroke using a linear mixed‐effects model. In the cross‐sectional analyses, patients with partial recovery showed more significant reductions in cortical thickness, surface area, or gray matter volume in the sensorimotor cortex, cingulate gyrus, and gyrus rectus than did patients with complete recovery; however, patients with complete recovery demonstrated more significant increases in the cortical structural measures in frontal, temporal, and occipital regions than did patients with partial recovery. Voxel‐based correlation analysis in these patients showed that acute stroke lesions involving the CST fibers originating from the primary motor cortex were associated with cortical thickness reductions in the ipsilesional motor cortex in the chronic stage. Acute stroke lesions in the putamen were correlated with increased surface area in the temporal pole in the chronic stage. The early impairment of the CST fibers originating from the primary sensory area was associated with increased cortical thickness in the occipital cortex. In the longitudinal analyses, patients with partial recovery showed gradually reduced cortical thickness, surface area, and gray matter volume in brain regions with significant structural damage in the chronic stage. Patients with complete recovery demonstrated gradually increasing cortical thickness, surface area, and gray‐matter volume in the frontal, temporal, and occipital regions. The directions of slow structural changes in the frontal, occipital, and cingulate cortices were completely different between patients with partial and complete recovery. Complex cortical structural changes and their dynamic evolution patterns were different, even contrasting, in patients with partial and complete recovery, and were associated with lesion location and with impairment of specific CST fiber subsets.
Numerical study of film cooling effectiveness of a gas turbine blade under variable blowing ratio and turbulence intensity
Authors: Baghernejad Ali , Hatami Matin , Aslanzadeh Elnaz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present paper investigates a three‐dimensional simulation of film cooling on a C3X turbine blade with a single hole at a suction surface. The Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes approach with k–ε realizable turbulence model and enhanced wall function are used for the numerical simulation. To simulate the jet flows, the length of the jet input approximately 4.5 times the diameter of the hole is added to the geometry so that the jet outlet flow is closer to the actual condition. The density ratio of the cooling flow to the mainstream flow is assumed about 2. The numerical results in four blowing ratios of 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.4, and at the low turbulence intensity (0.02%), and high turbulence intensity (12%) are extracted and compared for the turbine blade with a single hole. The results show that the turbulence intensity has a dual effect on the film cooling effectiveness and a higher blowing ratio increases the strength of the jet against the cross‐flow. Moreover, it is illustrated that the distribution of the film cooling effectiveness in higher blowing ratios and high turbulence intensity is more uniform than the low blowing ratios and low turbulence intensity.
Exploration of radiative heat on the Jeffery fluid flow in a microchannel for the impact of suction/injection
Authors: Gopi Krishna Gunduboina , Ramanuja Mani , Mishra Satyaranjan , Ramanjini V. , Sudhakar A. , Kavitha J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper is to investigate the flow and heat transfer of thermal radiation on the Jeffery fluid flow within a microchannel for the effects of the superhydrophobic surface (SHS) within suction/injection. The governing differential equations of motion and heat transfer are transformed into nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriate similarity transformations. The ODEs are solved along with boundary conditions by adopting Runge–Kutta with shooting technique. Symbolic computational software such as MATLAB, the solver bvp4c syntax examines the behavior of the relevant physical parameters. However, some effective emerging parameters on the flow problem reveal that the microchannel walls within the suction/injection parameter increase the temperature, and the SHS is heated. In contrast, without slip, the opposite behavior is rendered. It is clearly shown that the velocity profile diminishes with increasing the Prandtl number. Furthermore, it is noticed that velocity decreases for increasing values of Hartmann number. Comparison with available results for particular cases is an excellent agreement.
Combined effects of runoff increase and sea level rise on the water exchange and saltwater intrusion for an estuary bay in non‐flood season
Authors: He Wei , Zhou Hongxing , Zhang Jian , Xu Hui , Liu Chunsheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEstuary bays are vulnerable to salinization effects due to relative sea level rise and modification in upland hydrology owing to a variety of factors. Much research has evaluated the one‐sided effect of runoff discharge or sea level on the water exchange and saltwater intrusion for an estuary, while their combined effects have not been evaluated, especially for an estuary bay with narrow river mouth. Taking the Wanquan Estuary Bay (WEB), China, as study case, this paper has revealed the long‐term significant increasing trend of freshwater runoff in non‐flood season during years 1956–2017 using the Man‐Kendall trend analysis, robust principle component regression and Theil–Sen's estimator. A 3‐D hydrodynamic‐salinity‐tracer numerical model is built and calibrated based on the finite‐volume community ocean model, and the effects of runoff increase and sea level rise on the water exchange and saltwater intrusion are investigated. This paper shows the following: (1) The freshwater runoff during non‐flood season in WEB shows significant long‐term increasing trend, and the mean changing magnitude is 0.4546 m3/s/a. (2) The increased runoff accelerates the water exchange, and reduces the turn‐over time and saltwater intrusion in the WEB. The sea level rise reduces the water exchange and increase the saltwater intrusion. (3) For the estuary bay with narrow river mouth, the salinity distributions show more vertical stratification characteristics. The freshwater runoff has power relationships with the average turnover time and salinity, and the sea level has linear relationships. (4) The water exchange and salinity of an estuary bay is more vulnerable to the changed runoff than the sea level rise, while the impacts of sea level rise would increase for estuaries with wide river mouth. This paper provides support for the freshwater exploitation and utilization in estuary bay under the background of climate change and sea level rise.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Osteoblast Morphology and Wnt Signal‐Induced Osteoblast Reactivation during Bone Modeling in Vitro
Authors: Tsuji Naoki , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Hoshi Kazuto , Hikita Atsuhiko 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBone nodule formation by differentiating osteoblasts is considered an in vitro model that mimics bone modeling. However, the details of osteoblast behavior and matrix production during bone nodule formation are poorly understood. Here, we present a spatiotemporal analysis system for evaluating osteoblast morphology and matrix production during bone modeling in vitro via two‐photon microscopy. Using this system, a change in osteoblast morphology from cuboidal to flat was observed during the formation of mineralized nodules, and this change was quantified. Areas with high bone formation were densely populated with cuboidal osteoblasts, which were characterized by blebs, protruding structures on their cell membranes. Cuboidal osteoblasts with blebs were highly mobile, and osteoblast blebs exhibited a polar distribution. Furthermore, mimicking romosozumab treatment, when differentiated flattened osteoblasts were stimulated with BIO, a GSK3β inhibitor, they were reactivated to acquire a cuboidal morphology with blebs on their membranes and produced more matrix than nonstimulated cells. Our analysis system is a powerful tool for evaluating the cell morphology and function of osteoblasts during bone modeling. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Emodin suppresses oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting COX2/NF‐κB mediated spinal inflammation
Authors: Yang He‐Yu , Wu Ji , Lu Hong , Cheng Meng‐Lin , Wang Bang‐Hua , Zhu Hai‐Li , Liu Ling , Xie Min 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOxaliplatin (OXA) is a common chemotherapy drug for colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. The anticancer effect of OXA is often accompanied by neurotoxicity and acute and chronic neuropathy. The symptoms present as paresthesia and pain which adversely affect patients' quality of life. Herein, five consecutive intraperitoneal injections of OXA at a dose of 4 mg/kg were used to mimic chemotherapy. OXA administration induced mechanical allodynia, activated spinal astrocytes, and increased inflammatory response. To develop an effective therapeutic measure for OXA‐induced neuropathic pain, emodin was intrathecally injected into OXA rats. Emodin developed an analgesic effect, as demonstrated by a significant increase in the paw withdrawal threshold of OXA rats. Moreover, emodin treatment reduced the pro‐inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β) which upregulated in OXA rats. Furthermore, autodock data showed four hydrogen bonds were formed between emodin and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2), and emodin treatment decreased COX2 expression in OXA rats. Cell research further proved that emodin suppressed nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB)‐mediated inflammatory signal and reactive oxygen species level. Taken together, emodin reduced spinal COX2/NF‐κB mediated inflammatory signal and oxidative stress in the spinal cord of OXA rats which consequently relieved OXA‐induced neuropathic pain.
Novel spiro[indene‐1,2′‐quinazolin]‐4′(3′H)‐one derivatives as potent anticonvulsant agents: One‐pot synthesis, in vivo biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies
Authors: Mohammadi Ali Asghar , Taheri Salman , Shisheboran Sanaz , Ahdenov Reza , Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani Maryam , Darjani Pedram Salehi , Masihi Patrick Honarchian , Shakiba Aidin , Larijani Bagher , Mahdavi Mohammad , Ahangar Nematollah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new series of spiro[indene‐1,2′‐quinazolin]‐4′(3′H)‐one derivatives 4a–m were synthesized via a one‐pot method and evaluated for anticonvulsant activities using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES)‐induced seizures. Obtained results demonstrated that these compounds have not anticonvulsant activity in PTZ test while are active in the MES test. Among the synthesized compounds, the best anticonvulsant activity was obtained with compound 4h. This compound also was not neurotoxic. Given that the title new compounds have the pharmacophore requirement for benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor agonist, the most potent compound was assayed in vivo and in silico as BZD receptor agonist. After treatment with flumazenil as a standard BZD receptor antagonist, anticonvulsant activity of compound 4h decreased. Therefore, the involvement of BZD receptors in anticonvulsant activity of this compound confirmed. Furthermore, docking study of compound 4h in the BZD‐binding site of GABAA receptor confirmed that this compound interacted with the important residues.
Toward more potent imidazopyridine inhibitors of Candida albicans Bdf1: Modeling the role of structural waters in selective ligand binding
Authors: Zhou Yingsheng , Overhulse Justin M. , Dupper Nathan J. , Guo Yanchun , Kashemirov Boris A. , Wei Kaiyao , Govin Jérôme , Petosa Carlo , McKenna Charles E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNovel agents to treat invasive fungal infections are urgently needed because the small number of established targets in pathogenic fungi makes the existing drug repertoire particularly vulnerable to the emergence of resistant strains. Recently, we reported that Candida albicans Bdf1, a bromodomain and extra‐terminal domain (BET) bromodomain with paired acetyl‐lysine (AcK) binding sites (BD1 and BD2) is essential for fungal cell growth and that an imidazopyridine (1) binds to BD2 with selectivity versus both BD1 and human BET bromodomains. Bromodomain binding pockets contain a conserved array of structural waters. Molecular dynamics simulations now reveal that one water molecule is less tightly bound to BD2 than to BD1, explaining the site selectivity of 1. This insight is useful in the performance of ligand docking studies to guide design of more effective Bdf1 inhibitors, as illustrated by the design of 10 new imidazopyridine BD2 ligands 1a–j, for which experimental binding and site selectivity data are presented.