bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors and Reasons for Emergency Department Visits Within 30 Days of Elective Hand Surgery: An Analysis of 3,261 Patients
Authors: BENAGE Timothy C. , DEL CORE Michael A. , BASS Alexander J. , AHN Junho , PIENTKA William F. , GOLDEN Ann S. 
Published: January 2022

Background: The frequency of hand and elbow surgeries occurring in outpatient and elective settings is on the rise. Emergency department (ED) visits in the postoperative period are increasingly used as quality measures for surgical care. The aim of this study is to determine the number of postoperative ED visits, the primary reason for these visits, and to identify risk factors associated with these visits.Methods: We examined all elective hand and elbow procedures performed at two hospitals within a single healthcare network between 2008 and 2017. A total of 3,261 patients met the study criteria. Descriptive statistics were calculated for our population, followed by univariate and multivariate analyses, to identify risk and protective factors associated with ED visits in the first 30 days after surgery.Results: Eighty-seven of 3,261 patients presented to the ED within 30 days of their operation (2.7%). The most common reasons for ED visits were related to pain (28.7%), swelling (26.4%), and concerns for infection (20.7%). Univariate analysis indicated history of drug use, number of procedures, smoking history, and serum albumin <3.5 mg/dL as risk factors for returns to the ED. Multivariate analysis identified history of drug use, number of procedures, and serum albumin <3.5 mg/dL as independent risk factors. Smoking history failed to achieve statistical significance as an independent risk factor. Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified age >60 years as protective for postoperative ED visits.Conclusions: ED visits within the first 30 days after elective hand surgery are relatively common, despite remarkably low complication rates among these procedures. This information may help to improve risk stratification in these patients, and to aid in the development of enhanced postoperative follow-up strategies to reduce unnecessary utilization of emergency medical services.Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
A Detailed Comparison of Preoperative Complaints in Severe Carpal Tunnel Syndrome versus Recurrent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire
Authors: LATTRÉ Tom , CLAEYS Kurt , PARMENTIER Steven , VAN HOLDER Carlo 
Published: January 2022

Background: The Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) has a symptom severity scale (SSS) with 11 questions and a functional status scale (FSS) with 8 questions. The final score for each scale is the sum divided by the number of questions and ranges between 1 and 5. A score of 1 indicates they have no complaints and 5 indicates high severity and functional loss. Unfortunately, this single digit score does not permit a detailed analysis of the symptoms and functional status. The aim of this study is to conduct an in-depth comparison of preoperative complaints using the BCTQ between patients with severe carpal tunnel syndrome (SCTS) and recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome (RCTS). Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study on the preoperative status of 37 patients with SCTS and 18 patients with RCTS using the BCTQ. The questions in the SSS and FSS were classified into four groups based on the responses of patients, namely a low complaint (LC) (1–1.99), moderate complaint (MC) (2–2.99), high complaint (HC) (3–3.99), and severe complaint (SC) (4–5) groups. The patients in the SCTS and RCTS groups were compared to find differences in age, gender, hand dominance, and responses to questions in the SSS and FSS. Results: The age of patients in the SCTS group (76.06 years) was significantly higher compared to the RCTS group (51.11 years). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to gender or hand dominance. The top question with SC or HC response in the SCTS group was problems in grasping small objects (SSS) and fastening buttons (FSS) and in the RCTS group was tingling in the hand (SSS) and difficulty with opening a jar (FSS). Conclusions: An in-depth analysis of the BCTQ allowed us to compare and understand differences in symptoms and function between patients with SCTS and RCTS. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Patient Satisfaction with Face-to-Face Follow-Up versus Telephone Follow-Up after Elective Day Case Hand Surgery
Authors: PARWAIZ Hammad , TREW Christopher , SHERIFF Mark , LANGDON Ilana 
Published: January 2022

Background: There has been increasing amounts of work on the use of telephone follow-up (TFU) in trauma and orthopaedics, but little direct work on its use in the follow-up of elective day case hand surgery. The aim of this study is to compare patient satisfaction with face-to-face follow-up (FFU) and TFU after elective day case hand surgery. Methods: Sixty-four patients from an FFU and 61 patients from a TFU cohort were contacted by telephone at least 6 months after their last follow-up. A customized questionnaire with answers recorded on a Likert scale (0–10) was used to evaluate their satisfaction with the follow-up they received. Results: Data from 48 patients from the FFU and 52 patients from the TFU cohorts were available for the analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in patient demographics between the two cohorts. Patient satisfaction was significantly greater in all domains of the questionnaire in the TFU cohort. Most patients from both cohorts (71% face-to-face, 86% telephone) said they would prefer TFU if they were to have the same procedure again. Conclusions: Patients were more satisfied with TFU compared to FFU following elective day case hand surgery. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Relevance Assessments for Web Search Evaluation: Should We Randomise or Prioritise the Pooled Documents?
Authors: Sakai Tetsuya , Tao Sijie , Zeng Zhaohao 
Published: January 2022

In the context of depth-
k
pooling for constructing web search test collections, we compare two approaches to ordering pooled documents for relevance assessors: The prioritisation strategy (PRI) used widely at NTCIR, and the simple randomisation strategy (RND). In order to address research questions regarding PRI and RND, we have constructed and released the WWW3E8 dataset, which contains eight independent relevance labels for 32,375 topic-document pairs, i.e., a total of 259,000 labels. Four of the eight relevance labels were obtained from PRI-based pools; the other four were obtained from RND-based pools. Using WWW3E8, we compare PRI and RND in terms of inter-assessor agreement, system ranking agreement, and robustness to new systems that did not contribute to the pools. We also utilise an assessor activity log we obtained as a byproduct of WWW3E8 to compare the two strategies in terms of assessment efficiency. Our main findings are: (a) The presentation order has no substantial impact on assessment efficiency; (b) While the presentation order substantially affects which documents are judged (highly) relevant, the difference between the inter-assessor agreement under the PRI condition and that under the RND condition is of no practical significance; (c) Different system rankings under the PRI condition are substantially more similar to one another than those under the RND condition; and (d) PRI-based relevance assessment files (qrels) are substantially and statistically significantly more robust to new systems than RND-based ones. Finding (d) suggests that PRI helps the assessors identify relevant documents that affect the evaluation of many existing systems, including those that did not contribute to the pools. Hence, if researchers need to evaluate their current IR systems using legacy IR test collections, we recommend the use of those constructed using the PRI approach unless they have a good reason to believe that their systems retrieve relevant documents that are vastly different from the pooled documents. While this robustness of PRI may also mean that the PRI-based pools are biased against future systems that retrieve highly novel relevant documents, one should note that there is no evidence that RND is any better in this respect.
Understanding the “Pathway” Towards a Searcher’s Learning Objective
Authors: Urgo Kelsey , Arguello Jaime 
Published: January 2022

Search systems are often used to support learning-oriented goals. This trend has given rise to the “search-as-learning” movement, which proposes that search systems should be designed to support learning. To this end, an important research question is: How does a searcher’s
type
of learning objective (LO) influence their trajectory (or
pathway
) toward that objective? We report on a lab study (N = 36) in which participants gathered information to meet a specific type of LO. To characterize LOs
and pathways
, we leveraged Anderson and Krathwohl’s (A&K’s) taxonomy [
3
]. A&K’s taxonomy situates LOs at the intersection of two orthogonal dimensions: (1)
cognitive process
(CP) (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create) and (2)
knowledge type
(factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive knowledge). Participants completed learning-oriented search tasks that varied along three CPs (apply, evaluate, and create) and three knowledge types (factual, conceptual, and procedural knowledge). A
pathway
is defined as a sequence of
learning instances
(e.g., subgoals) that were also each classified into cells from A&K’s taxonomy. Our study used a think-aloud protocol, and pathways were generated through a qualitative analysis of participants’ think-aloud comments and recorded screen activities. We investigate three research questions. First, in RQ1, we study the impact of the LO on pathway characteristics (e.g., pathway length). Second, in RQ2, we study the impact of the LO on the types of A&K cells traversed along the pathway. Third, in RQ3, we study common and uncommon
transitions
between A&K cells along pathways conditioned on the knowledge type of the objective. We discuss implications of our results for designing search systems to support learning.
Evaluating the Effects of Heat-Clearing Traditional Chinese Medicine in Stable Bronchiectasis by a Series of N-of-1 Trials
Authors: Zi Suna , Huang Haiyin , Yang Peilan , Xu Minhua , Wu Yingen , Wang Zhenwei , Ge Fei , Chen Xinlin 
Published: January 2022

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of heat-clearing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the stable stage of bronchiectasis via N-of-1 trials. Methods. The N-of-1 trials in this study were randomized and double-blinded with crossover comparisons consisting of three pairs. Each pair was of two 4-week periods. Each patient took the individualized decoction in the experimental period and the individualized decoction was removed of heat-clearing drugs, mainly including heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, in the control period for three weeks. After three weeks, the patients stopped taking the decoction for one week. The primary outcome was from patients’ self-reporting symptoms scores on a 1–7-point Likert scale. Mixed-effects models were used to conduct statistical analysis on these N-of-1 trials. Results. Of the 21 patients enrolled, 15 completed three pairs of N-of-1 trials (71.43%). (1) Seen from the individual level, no statistical difference between the experimental decoction and the control (

P

> 0.05) was observed. However, 5 patients found better decoctions according to the clinical criteria. (2) As revealed by the group data of all the N-of-1 trials, the control was better than the individualized decoction in terms of symptom scores on the Likert scale (1.94 ± 0.69 versus 2.08 ± 0.68,

P

= 0.04, mean difference, and 95% CI: 0.19 (0.01, 0.37)) and on CAT scores (13.66 ± 6.57 versus 13.95 ± 6.97,

P

= 0.04, mean difference, and 95% CI: 0.86 (0.042, 1.67)), but such differences were not clinically significant. The other outcomes, such as Likert scale score of respiratory symptoms and 24-hour sputum volume, showed no statistical difference. Conclusion. The experimental design of this study can make the TCM individualized treatment fully play its role and can detect the individualized tendencies according to the severity of phlegm and heat in some subjects. With the intermittent use or reduced use of heat-clearing drugs, most of the subjects, at the group level, enrolled in the series of N-of-1 trials may improve the symptoms and quality of life while saving the cost of TCM and reducing the potential side effects of heat-clearing TCM. This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.goc (NCT03147443).
século de representações femininas
Authors: Momi Marcela Moreira 
Published: January 2022

Esse artigo se propõe a discutir permanências e mudanças no discurso e conteúdo de revistas femininas brasileiras em um espaço de cem anos. Isso se dará pela análise de dois exemplares de periódicos desse segmento de grande circulação em suas respectivas épocas: o primeiro, um exemplar da Revista Feminina de fevereiro de 1918 e o segundo, um exemplar da revista Claudia, de outubro de 2018.
A análise está pautada na leitura crítica de textos e imagens vinculados às revistas, organizando-os em quatro frentes: (1) a mulher e a casa, (2) a mulher e a família, (3) corpo de mulher: moda, beleza e saúde e (4) a mulher na sociedade.
Os discursos circulantes no jornal Folha de S. Paulo em torno da expressão “discurso de ódio” entre 2014 e 2018
Authors: Lima Bárbara Maria Santos de 
Published: January 2022

O discurso de ódio é uma forma de discurso circulante. Neste artigo foi analisado como o discurso de ódio é reportado de uma perspectiva jornalística. O veículo escolhido para servir como base de análise foi a Folha de S. Paulo no período de 01/01/2014 a 31/12/2018. Neste tempo, pudemos ver a evolução da mídia em relação ao comportamento da mesma quando o assunto é disseminar ódio. Além dos relatos da mídia, também é possível entender como os leitores da Folha de sentem em relação à nova onda circulante que vem tomando o Brasil e o mundo. Nesta análise, buscamos mapear o conteúdo das matérias e os sentidos da expressão “discurso de ódio” que emergem nas matérias analisadas, bem como compreender aspectos da construção das matérias que abordam a temática do discurso de ódio, isto é, como a Folha posiciona-se editorialmente nesse debate. Ao final deste tópico, apresentamos separadamente elementos das cartas dos leitores da Folha selecionadas como parte do corpus de pesquisa.
Familismo, patriarcado e empobrecimento feminino na comunicação pública do governo sobre o Programa Bolsa-Família
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Lopes , Marques Angela Cristina Salgueiro 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir as representações imagéticas das mulheres beneficiárias do Bolsa Família na divulgação da publicidade governamental sobre o programa. Discutiremos aspectos ligados à desumanização e desfiguração das mulheres, que são obrigatoriamente titulares do benefício recebido por suas famílias, e como quadros morais amplamente compartilhados pela sociedade fazem com que algumas imagens e padrões de representação se sobressaiam aos demais. Argumentamos que a divulgação governamental dos programas de redistribuição e a circulação de imagens que mostram mulheres empobrecidas produzem circuitos de valores e padrões morais de avaliação dos modos de vida e suas vulnerabilidades que podem incidir sobre o sentido político que as imagens adquirem em sua circulação social. Especificamente, argumentamos que imagens que remetem ao familismo e ao patriarcado são validadas por uma economia moral que estabelece como julgamos e definimos o valor das vidas e modos de vida nas sociedades neoliberais e meritocráticas.
It’s a Sin, a representação do HIV e da juventude homossexual: as características culturais e os discursos político-sociais na narrativa seriada
Authors: Fernandes Carla Montuori , Oliveira Luiz Ademir de Oliveira , Silva Raphael Castilho Bueno Silva 
Published: January 2022

Os seriados atualmente dominam boa parte do mercado do entretenimento e essa oferta se tornou ainda mais atrativa após a ascensão dos serviços de streaming. Dada a importância do formato na contemporaneidade, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar por meio da perspectiva crítica e analítica da mídia (Morin, 1997, Kellner, 2011), a minissérie britânica It’s a Sin, que estreou em janeiro de 2021, e abarca o início da pandemia da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) durante os primeiros anos da década de 80. O artigo aborda o seriado na ótica dos conceitos de indústria cultural e cultura de massa.
Observations of the Development and Vertical Structure of the Lake-Breeze Circulation during the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study
Authors: Wagner Timothy J. , Czarnetzki Alan C. , Christiansen Megan , Pierce R. Bradley , Stanier Charles O. , Dickens Angela F. , Eloranta Edwin W. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ground-based thermodynamic and kinematic profilers were placed adjacent to the western shore of Lake Michigan at two sites as part of the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study. The southern site near Zion, Illinois, hosted a microwave radiometer (MWR) and a sodar wind profiler, while the northern site in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, featured an Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI), a Doppler lidar, and a High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL). Each site experienced several lake-breeze events during the experiment. Composite time series and time–height cross sections were constructed relative to the lake-breeze arrival time so that commonalities across events could be explored. The composited surface observations indicate that the wind direction of the lake breeze was consistently southeasterly at both sites regardless of its direction before the arrival of the lake-breeze front. Surface relative humidity increased with the arriving lake breeze, though this was due to cooler air temperatures as absolute moisture content stayed the same or decreased. The profiler observations show that the lake breeze penetrated deeper when the local environment was unstable and preexisting flow was weak. The cold air associated with the lake breeze remained confined to the lowest 200 m of the troposphere even if the wind shift was observed at higher altitudes. The evolution of the lake breeze corresponded well to observed changes in baroclinicity and calculated changes in circulation. Collocated observations of aerosols showed increases in number and mass concentrations after the passage of the lake-breeze front.
Dynamic and Thermal Effects of the Tibetan and Iranian Plateaus on the Northward-Propagating Intraseasonal Oscillation during Boreal Summer
Authors: Hu Wenting , Duan Anmin , He Bian , Hao Sai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the dynamic and thermal effects of the Tibetan and Iranian Plateaus (TIP) on the characteristics of the northward-propagating boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) and reveals associated physical mechanisms. The relative importance of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and Iranian Plateau (IP) to the northward propagation of BSISO is also detected. The findings are based on comparative analyses of the control run and six sensitivity experiments using the atmospheric model component of CAS FGOALS-f3-L (the low-resolution version of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System model, finite-volume version 3). It is demonstrated that the absence of TIP surface sensible heat or terrain restricts the occurrence of upper-level easterly and lower-level westerly anomalies, as well as moisture convergence over the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) region, which leads to a weakened easterly vertical wind shear with a narrowed range and the generation of a negative meridional specific humidity gradient in the northern Bay of Bengal. These mean-state changes are not conducive to the formation of positive barotropic vorticity together with planetary boundary layer moisture convergence to the north of the convective center, thus impeding the northward propagation of the BSISO. Results indicate that the combined TIP area, via its dynamic and thermal effects, modulates the northward-propagating BSISO by directly affecting the vertical wind shear and meridional moisture gradient in the northern Indian Ocean. By contrast, the TP plays a decisive role in the BSISO northward propagation due to the limited dynamic and thermal effects of IP on the background circulation and water vapor convergence over the ASM region.
The Effect of a Kona Low on the Eastern Pacific Valentine’s Day (2019) Atmospheric River
Authors: Chen Sue , Reynolds Carolyn A. , Schmidt Jerome M. , Papin Philippe P. , Janiga Matthew A. , Bankert Richard , Huang Andrew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A high-impact atmospheric river (AR) event that made landfall on the U.S. West Coast on Valentine’s Day of 2019 and produced widespread flooding in California is examined. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory cloud resolving and high-resolution Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) captures the main features impacting the life cycle and structure of the Valentine’s Day AR. Analysis of the model-simulated AR reveals the complex processes leading up to the initial northeastward surge of the water vapor and enhanced near-surface flow associated with this AR. These include the preexistence of a mesoscale cold-core kona low, a mesoscale anticyclone, and a strong low-level convergence in the corridor between the kona low and mesoscale anticyclone where the environment becomes supersaturated in a region of weak vertical wind shear. Model sensitivity experiments show that the eastward progression and magnitude of the AR water vapor surge are strongly sensitive to the magnitude of kona low circulation. Experiments with the kona low circulation amplitude reduced to less than 25% showed that the AR is not able to reach the U.S. West Coast. These results help to identify key new aspects of an important player—the kona low—and its significant contributions to the overall AR characteristics of this particular observed event.
‘There’s this big fear around palliative care because it’s connected to death and dying’: A qualitative exploration of the perspectives of undergraduate students on the role of the speech and language therapist in palliative care
Authors: Collins Claire A 
Published: January 2022

Background: Speech and language therapy in palliative care is a developing discipline of clinical practice. Research literature has highlighted that undergraduate palliative care education in speech and language therapy is inconsistent and inadequate. However, limited research has been carried out to date in relation to student speech and language therapists and palliative care. Aim: To explore the role of speech and language therapists in palliative care from the perspective of speech and language therapy students in Ireland. Design: A qualitative descriptive research study was conducted, involving focus group interviews. Setting/participants: Purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 student speech and language therapists from one university site for this study. Undergraduate second, third and fourth year students were eligible for inclusion. Results: This study revealed that undergraduate student speech and language therapists collectively agree that there is a role for speech and language therapy in palliative care. Although students acknowledged that speech and language therapists can make a positive difference to patients’ lives, and academic lectures were positively received, insufficient exposure to palliative care has resulted in fear, uncertainty and a lack of confidence amongst student speech and language therapists. Conclusions: A greater emphasis on palliative care is needed in undergraduate speech and language therapy education to ensure confidence and competency development. An exploration of student speech and language therapists’ experiences in a specialist palliative care unit would be advantageous to determine the appropriateness of this setting for clinical placements.