bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingomonas paucimobilis infection in subcutaneous abdominal preservation of bone flap after craniotomy
Authors: Rinawati Weny , Kumalawati July 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Sphingomonas paucimobilis, previously known as Pseudomonas paucimobilis, is a Gram-negative rod. It is emerging as an opportunistic pathogen that can infect individuals in community or hospital settings. It is believed that the natural habitat of this organism is soil and water, including water sources in the hospital environment.
Case report: We describe the case of a 46-year-old patient in whom S. paucimobilis was identified in the implanted bone flap after craniotomy. The postoperative bone flap was implanted in the right hypochondria and replaced after 8 weeks. There was a hypochondriac abscess in the area under the bone. Specimens from the thickened fascia and bone flap were cultured. The Gram stain showed Gram-negative rods and these rods were identified as S. paucimobilis. The patient was treated with a combination of Gentamicin 240 mg and Levofloxacin 750 mg once daily because the bacteria were resistant to carbapenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and anti-pseudomonal penicillin.
Conclusions: Although S. paucimobilis characteristically presents low virulence, for better patient management and outcome, the diagnosis should be immediately followed by appropriate antibiotic therapy guided by susceptibility test results of each case.
A case of disseminated BCG infection in a daughter of Italian immigrants in Switzerland
Authors: Colomba Claudia , Rubino Raffaella , Tolomeo Manlio , Lo Porto Davide , Bonura Silvia , Agrenzano Stefano , Cascio Antonio 
Published: March 2022

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis and contains a live, attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis as its essential constituent. Being a live, attenuated strain with potential pathogenicity, BCG can cause different complications, both near the inoculation site and through blood dissemination, especially in patients with immunodeficiency. IFN-γR1 deficiency is an autosomal recessively inherited immunodeficiency characterized by predisposition to infections with intracellular pathogens, in particular mycobacteria.
We report a rare case of chronic osteomyelitis lasting 30 years due to BCG in a woman with IFN-γR1 deficiency who had previous clinical history of multi-organ BCGitis. Diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis was confirmed by an 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with CT scan (18F-FDG PET/CT).
In children with a history of BCG vaccination and chronic unexplained infections, a clinical suspicion of BCG-related disease must arise, and a reason of immunodeficiency should be sought.
Study of dose-dependent actoprotective effect of ATACL on physical performancend psychoemotional status of animals under exhausting exercise
Authors: Gerashchenko Anastasia D. , Pozdnyakov Dmitrij I. , Voronkov Andrey V. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the dose-dependent actoprotective effect of ATACL on physical performance and psychoemotional status of animals under conditions of exhausting exercise.
Materials and methods: Outbred male mice (23–25 g) were used in the experiment. The test compound in various dosages, as well as the reference drug, were administered intragastrically 60 minutes before the forced swimming test for 10 days of the experiment. At the end of the physical activity, the psychoemotional status of the animals was assessed in the Open Field (OF) and Elevated plus maze (EPM) tests.
Results and discussion: In the course of the experiment, it was found that under conditions of exhausting physical execise, a smooth increase in performance was observed in the group that had received the test compound 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert butyl cinnamic acid (ATACL) at a dosage of 100 mg/kg for 10 days. The peak of performance was recorded on the 8th day, which was 47.3% (p<0.05) higher than the physical activity of the mice treated with the reference drug ethylthiobenzimidazole hydrobromide (EBH). When assessing changes in the Open Field test, it was found that the test compound ATACL at a dosage of 100 mg/kg is also a leader in stabilizing the psychoemotional status of the animals, which is reflected in the improvement of the motor activity (the number of sectors crossed by 4.7 times (p< 0.05)), exploratory activity (an increase in the number of «peeps» and rearings by 8.5 times (p<0.05) and 12.7 times (p<0.05), respectively) and changes in the level of anxiety (a 2.5-time decrease in the number of short-term grooming acts (p<0.05)) in comparison with the negative control (NC) group. The results obtained in the EPM test are completely consistent with the results of the OF test; the most pronounced activity was observed for the ATACL compound at a dosage of 100 mg/kg.
Conclusion: Based on the combination of reproducible methods, it can be concluded that the most pronounced actоprotective effect is exerted by the compound at a dosage of 100 mg/kg, not inferior, at the same time, to the reference drug EBН.
Demographic, Lifestyle, and Serologic Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)–associated Bronchiectasis: Role of RA-related Autoantibodies
Authors: McDermott Gregory , Gill Ritu , Gagne Staci , Byrne Suzanne , Huang Weixing , Wang Xiaosong , Prisco Lauren C. , Zaccardelli Alessandra , Martin Lily W. , Masto Lucy , Kronzer Vanessa L. , Shadick Nancy , Dellaripa Paul F. , Doyle Tracy J. , Sparks Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2022

Objective.To investigate demographic, lifestyle, and serologic risk factors for isolated rheumatoid arthritis (RA)–associated bronchiectasis (RA-BR) that is not a result of interstitial lung disease (ILD).Methods.We performed a case-control study using patients with RA from the Mass General Brigham Biobank. We reviewed the records of all patients with RA meeting the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria with computed tomography (CT) chest imaging to identify RA-BR cases and controls with RA and RA-related lung disease. For each patient, the CT chest imaging that was performed closest to enrollment was independently reviewed by 2 radiologists for the presence of RA-related lung diseases. Cases had clinical and radiologic evidence of RA-BR without interstitial lung abnormalities on imaging. Controls had RA and no evidence of bronchiectasis or ILD. We examined the associations between demographic, lifestyle, and serologic factors with RA-BR using multivariable logistic regression.Results.We identified 57 cases of isolated RA-BR and 360 RA controls without RA-related lung disease. In multivariable models, RA-BR was associated with older age at RA onset (OR 1.37 per 10 years, 95% CI 1.02–1.82), lower BMI at RA diagnosis (OR 0.94 per kg/m2, 95% CI 0.89–0.99), seropositive RA (OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.84–8.53), positive rheumatoid factor (OR 4.40, 95% CI 2.14–9.07), and positive anticyclic citrullinated peptide (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.65–7.31). Higher titers of RA-related autoantibodies were associated with higher odds of RA-BR.Conclusion.Seropositivity, older age at RA diagnosis, and lower BMI at RA onset were associated with isolated bronchiectasis in RA that was not a result of ILD. These findings expand the list of potential risk factors for RA-BR and suggest a pathogenic link between airway inflammation and RA-related autoantibodies.
La dialogique bubérienne dans le champ thérapeutique
Authors: Breton Stéphane 
Published: March 2022

En publiant en 1923 son ouvrage majeur « Je et Tu », Martin Buber propose un nouveau paradigme philosophique autour de la rencontre comme étant le lieu propice au déploiement de l’être, de la connaissance empirique de ce qui fait, selon lui, l’essence de l’Homme : la relation à l’Autre. Cette relation si particulière à soi et à son environnement sera apprivoisée par le champ psychothérapeutique et plus particulièrement par les thérapies humanistes. Nous revenons sur l’apport de ce concept.
Édito - Questionner les milieux éducatifs par les dispositifs et l'activité
Authors: Cairo Crocco Mariagrazia , Félix Christine , Saussez Frédéric 
Published: March 2022

Depuis une trentaine d’années, une transformation en profondeur de l’action publique et des politiques éducatives s’est amorcée : les indicateurs de compétitivité et de performance occupent une place accrue dans un écosystème éducatif désormais organisé et géré par dispositifs. Dans ce dossier thématique, nous nous intéresserons tout particulièrement à cette structuration par dispositifs pour analyser les transformations des relations de pouvoir, des prescriptions, normes et cadres du travail des professionnels de l’éducation ainsi qu’à la manière dont ces transformations contribuent à façonner de nouvelles professionnalités. Il s’agit d’explorer par quels processus et par quels ressorts un dispositif parvient à affecter, au sens de transformer, l’activité des professionnels concernés et des bénéficiaires engagés dans celui-ci. Les analyses proposées concernent le champ de l’enseignement, de l’éducation, de la formation et de l’orientation dans des régions françaises, suisses et québécoises.
Les contrôles aux exportations comme instruments de pouvoir dans la gouvernance de l’Internet
Authors: Perarnaud Clément 
Published: March 2022

Cet article porte sur le récent processus de négociations européennes ayant conduit à un renforcement des contrôles visant les exportations de technologies de surveillance numérique hors de l’Union européenne (UE). Illustrant la multiplicité et l’expansion des arènes de la gouvernance d’Internet, ce processus de négociation s’inscrit dans le développement par l’UE d’un arsenal législatif et réglementaire visant à encadrer l’économie numérique, et plus globalement le « cyberespace ». Ce processus de réforme met en lumière les implications directes de la régulation croissante du commerce des technologies de cybersurveillance pour la gouvernance de l’Internet, donnant à voir des formes de contrôles et de régulation dans lesquelles les États sont favorisés, et amplifiant l’importance de la territorialité dans la gouvernance des technologies.This article explores the recent EU negotiation process which has led to tighter controls on the export of surveillance technologies outside of the European continent. Illustrating the multiplicity and expansion of Internet governance arenas, this process is part of the EU’s development of a legislative and regulatory arsenal aimed at regulating the digital economy, and more broadly the "cyberspace. This reform process highlights the direct implications of the growing regulation of the trade in cybersurveillance technologies for Internet governance, showing forms of control and regulation in which states are favored, and amplifying the importance of territoriality in the governance of technologies.
Role of CRP as a marker for discrimination of exudative and transudative pleural effusion
Authors: Rismantab Omid , Moosavi Seyed Aili Javad , Farahnak Mohammad Reza , Dastoorpoor Maryam , Raji Hanieh 
Published: March 2022

Differentiation between exudative and transudative pleural effusion is sometime problematic. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in differentiation of exudative and transudative pleural effusion. This is an analytical epidemiologic cross-sectional study that evaluates the role of CRP in differentiating transudative and exudative pleural effusion. Patients were divided into two groups of exudates and transudates, based on Light’s criteria. The pleural effusion CRP levels were compared between the two groups. SPSS software version 16 was used for statistical analysis. The significance level was considered p<0.05. A total of 169 patients with pleural effusion enrolled in the study. Based on Light's criteria, 108 patients (63.9%) had exudative pleural effusion and 61 (36.1%) had transudative pleural effusion. The level of CRP in the pleural fluid of patients in the exudative and transudative groups was 13.3±37.1 and 3.5±4.3mg/dl, respectively (p=0.008). The 3.31 mg/dl cut-off point of CRP level of pleural effusion had the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.3%, 72.1%, 86% and 91.7% respectively. The results obtained in our study shows that the level of CRP in the effusion fluid can be helpful in differentiating exudative from transudative pleural effusions.
Teaching Ethics to Medical Faculties
Authors: Srivastava Manushi , Shrivastava Sandeep , Srivastava Pradyumn , Srivastava Ratan K. , Jaiswal Shweta 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Ethics is defined as a system of moral principles or standards governing conduct; a system of principles by which human actions and proposals may be judged good or bad, right, or wrong. However, ethics for medical teachers with respect to their students has been largely unnoted. Therefore, it seems necessary to know the status of teaching ethics practiced by medical educators which are the major assets in good quality medical education.

Objectives:
The objectives were to study the changes in the understanding and practices of teaching ethics and principles of medical professionals.

Methodology:
A prospective interventional study had conducted with 30 medical faculties.

Results:
Only one-third of the medical educators (33.33%) had reported that they have ever read any literature in “Teaching Ethics,” but after e-intervention, this purport increased to 90.48% as indicated by the posttest results.

Conclusion:
It could be concluded that faculties were quite aware of the basic philosophy of teaching ethics, but they also agreed with the fact that still, medical teaching is not up to the mark as per the norms of teaching ethics, although most of them were not in agreement of those unethical teaching practices.
Exploring Attributes Influencing Patient Satisfaction in a Group of Hospitals
Authors: Mookkiah Ilankumaran , Singh M. V. , Bobdey Saurbh , Narayan Shankar , Anand N. , Maramraj Kiran Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
The main purpose of hospitals is to provide quality care to their clientele. Many studies have been conducted to assess patient satisfaction and suggest measures to improve patient satisfaction in government and private hospitals. This study was conducted in a different setting with the aim to assess patient satisfaction in a group of hospitals exclusively for their entitled clientele.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a questionnaire-based observational study conducted in nine hospitals belonging to one central administration. The questions pertained to five domains. The data were collected on a numerical scale and the weighted average was calculated for each question.

Results:
A total of 2850 patients were administered with questionnaire. About 95% of patients were satisfied with services provided by the hospitals. The strengths of the hospitals were the general cleanliness and the way the medical and paramedical staff treat their patients. The weaknesses were the waiting period at reception and to see the doctor as well as the quality of food provided to the inpatients.

Conclusion:
This study has brought out that a large percentage of patients were satisfied with the services provided by the hospitals. The analysis has facilitated the administrator to know the strengths of the hospitals as well as to identify the weaknesses. It is essential that the administration of the hospitals addresses the weaknesses to further improve the patient satisfaction. In conclusion, it is recommended that patient satisfaction surveys should be part of the Standard Operating Procedure of all health-care facilities and the same should be an ongoing process rather than a one-time measure.
Causes, Frequencies, and Predictors of Relapse in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis on Long-Term Follow-Up in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India
Authors: Jain Rahul , Singh Vani , Naik A. K. , Singh Santosh Kumar , Chakrabarty Barun Kumar , Ranjan Priya , Kumar Premshankar 
Published: March 2022

Context:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) initially thought to be a disease of developed world is equally common in India. Surprisingly, there are very scant data from India. The study was undertaken to find the frequency of relapse and to determine factors predictor of relapse in Indian population.

Subjects and Methods:
This study was conducted at a tertiary care center of New Delhi for a period of 1 year. Patients were included if they had a diagnosis of UC based on accepted historical, endoscopic, histological, and/or radiologic criteria. Detailed past/present history, baseline clinical examination, dietary details, and psychological analysis using shortened Depression Anxiety Stress Scale score, biochemical tests, inflammatory markers, endoscopic, and histopathological analysis were done at baseline and regular intervals. The outcome was clinical relapse or continued remission.

Results:
Out of 86 patients screened, 50 patients were included in the study according to inclusion criteria and were followed up. The frequency of relapse was 32%. Univariate analysis showed higher relapse frequency, frequency of steroid received in past, patients on immunomodulator therapy, presence of acute or chronic inflammatory cells on histology, and disease activity at baseline as predictors of relapse. There was no significant difference between anxiety, stress, and depression relapsers and those who maintained remission. On multivariate analysis, disease activity at baseline was the only independent predictor of relapse.

Conclusions:
Stringent control of disease activity with mucosal healing should be the aim, as mucosal healing is the only predictor for prolonged remission.
Study of Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases and Comparison of their Risk Factors among Serving Personnel of Army
Authors: Agrawal Tripti , Bhalla Sandeep , Dutt Vipul 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Lifestyle diseases have multifactorial causation risk factors. Armed forces personnel although constitute healthier sections of society but are not spared from prevalent pandemic of lifestyle diseases in country. This research aims to study the prevalence of lifestyle disease to highlight the importance of keeping suitable preventive measures in place to control the epidemic of lifestyle diseases among the middle-aged army personnel.

Materials and Methods:
The study is a cross-sectional community-based epidemiological design of 2956 armed forces personnel, aged 35 years and above, selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected on pretested open-ended questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and multiple logistic regression techniques.

Results:
The study revealed that consistent statistically significant association between major sociodemographic, potential behavioral, and clinical risk factors of lifestyle diseases, especially dietary risk factors, namely snacking in between meals, consumption of energy-dense foods, physical inactivity among tradesman, cooks, clerks contributing to higher prevalence of lifestyle diseases among them. The study indicates that the prevalence of overweight and prehypertensive among study sample is suggestive of alarming proportions.

Conclusion:
Multi-cross-sectoral-integrated strategies for provisioning of comprehensive health-care and strengthening surveillance mechanism pertaining to prevention and control of lifestyle diseases are the need of the hour. Genuine dietary modifications; improving cooking practices; sustained efforts to be physical active, stringent mechanisms to ensure definite working hours, minimize work-related stress; institutional checks on tobacco, alcohol, substance abuse; screening for lifestyle disease risk factors; addressing common risk factors are desirable lifestyle interventions.
Functional outcome of Hemiarthroplasty Vs Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fracture in Elderly Population
Authors: S. Dhakad R. K. , Mishra Abhilekh , Naugraiya Tarun , Dhakad Vivek Singh 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Femoral neck fractures are one among the leading causes of death in elderly patients. Magnitude of fracture displacement, patient's age, comorbid disorders, and prefracture activity level are some of the critical factors in determining the clinical practice for treating femoral neck fracture. In this study, we have studied the functional outcome and survivorship in fracture neck of femur in the elderly population operated with both internal fixation (IF) and cemented hemiarthroplasty (HA).

Material and Method:
All 100 patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically at 15 days, 1 month, and then subsequent 1 year. Out of 100 patients, 54 have been operated with HA and 46 have been operated with screw fixation.

Results:
Overall reoperation rate in HA group was 5.05%, with total mortality rate being 7.4% compared to 6.5% of IF group. Out of 46 patients of screw fixation, the overall reoperation rate was 20% with 4 patients being developed avascular necrosis and 13 being developed nonunion, and rest of the patients have average Harris hip score of 60–65 with 34%, while patients having poor Harris hip score compared to those of HA with Harris hip score of 80–90 with 88.2% having excellent to fair.

Conclusion:
Hip arthroplasty as compared to Internal fixation for the treatment of femoral neck fractures significantly reduces the risk of reoperation at the cost of higher superficial infection and blood loss. Furthermore, postoperative function as evaluated by the Harris hip score was significantly higher in the arthroplasty compared to the IF group up to the 6-month evaluation.
Spring Plate for Fixation of Comminuted Posterior Wall Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Gaurav Ashwini , Kumar Kaushlendra , Singh Ranjit Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Comminuted posterior wall acetabular fractures always remain difficult and challenging to assemble and stabilize with surgical management without any intraoperative or postoperative complications and satisfactory functional outcomes. Hence, correct selection of implant and correct technique are always key steps in the surgical management of comminuted posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective observational study on 16 patients that were operated between July 2016 and December 2017 at Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna. Medical reports of all patients with comminuted posterior wall fractures operated with locally crafted spring plates placed under 3.5 mm pelvic reconstruction plates were evaluated radiographically and with the past Harris Hip Scores (HHSs).

Results:
The average follow-up was of 15.8 months, and there were no occurrences of implant migration, loss of reduction, or joint incongruity. One patient had developed a superficial infection that was treated with dressings and oral antibiotics. Two patients had preoperative sciatic nerve palsy, which improved gradually over the course of 3 months. No instances of hip arthrosis or osteonecrosis were found. Thirteen patients scored excellent, whereas three scored good on the past HHS records.

Conclusion:
Our study strongly supports the concept that locally crafted spring plates placed under 3.5 mm pelvic reconstruction plates are a good fixation strategy in the management of comminuted posterior wall acetabular fractures.