bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study on effect of platelet rich plasma Vs conventional dressing in healing rate of chronic diabetic ulcers
Authors: Rajendran Swathika , Thiyagarajan Manuneethimaran , K. Balaji Singh , Navrathan Nitesh 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: This study has been undertaken to evaluate efficacy of platelet rich plasma (PRP) dressing that is recently introduced with conventional dressing. We have tried to compare PRP dressing with conventional normal dressing in healing the wound.

Materials and Methods: We conducted this study in 120 patients of chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers who were treated over the period of three years. Number of cases (60 each) were studied for efficacy of applying autologous platelet rich plasma versus normal dressing for chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers. At every week follow up, the ulcer was examined for granulation tissue, area and volume which was calculated using Vernier calipers and marked on a graph paper and photographs were taken. Wound healing was compared between PRP and normal dressing.

Results: The incidence of male susceptibility was more (70%) than females (30%) in diabetic foot. Average rate of healing per week was found to be significantly better among the PRP group than normal dressing group. The ulcer showed significant reduction in size among the PRP group in comparison to the normal dressing group with a significant P value (0.001).

Conclusion: In this study application of platelet rich plasma into chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers in comparison with conventional dressing has shown a significant reduction in the size of the ulcer, hospital stay and cost for the patient.
Awareness regarding breast cancer among urban women in South India
Authors: R. Ramya , R. Chandru , Raj D. Rajiv , Begum U. Zeenath , Suryaraj Shwetha , Manoj Sai 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and recent trends have shown increased incidence among younger women. There is, therefore, an imminent need to raise the level of awareness among the women in the entire population. The present study was carried out to evaluate the level of awareness among urban women in South India.

Methodology: This hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 1000 adult women who visited the outpatient clinics of our tertiary care hospital for various illness. The level of awareness regarding breast cancer was elicited based on the risk factors of breast cancer, symptoms, and role of family history. Awareness regarding the tools for early detection, management and preventive measures was also elicited.

Results: The study observed that 78.9% of the participants who were illiterates had no awareness of the symptoms, while 57.9% of the participants with high school level education were unaware of the symptoms. Regarding the role of genetics in breast cancer occurrence, 47% of the illiterate participants reported that breast cancer is not hereditary. It was observed that lack of awareness regarding the early detection was prevalent among 81%, 87% and 93% of the participants who were illiterate, primary, and middle school level educated respectively.

Conclusion: The present study has also elucidated the lack of adequate knowledge on important facts regarding the breast cancer is alarming and this needs to be addressed with due focus on providing health education by health care providers at various levels of health system.
The role of immune mediators in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Abdul-Qader Khuder Hana 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Viral hepatitis, is considered a major cause of cirrhosis and liver transplantation, both of which are life-threatening conditions. In comparison to Hepatitis C virus infection, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has a lower rate of chronicity. The purpose of this study is to assess the immunological particles CD2 and CD4, as well as the cytokines IL-10, in HBV-infected patients.
Materials and Methods: Between April and June 2021, a case-control study was conducted on 180 female subjects with a mean age of 35 years who visited a private clinic in Mosul city. A (10 ml) sample of blood was collected from each subject by routine venipuncture technique, and the blood sample was centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes to separate the plasma, which was used for further investigations. The ELISA test was used to determine the sizes of cytokines in the serum (R&D Systems). A microplate reader was used to limit absorbance in copies (Beckman Coulter). The last concentration was measured in pg/ml.

Results: The findings of this study revealed that (15%) of cases had clinical symptoms of HBV, while (70%) of cases were asymptomatic, and (5%) of cases progressed to chronic liver disease. In compared to healthy control groups, HBV patients had highly significant variations in mean CD 2 and CD 4 expression (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: During the acute phase of hepatitis, the immune system successfully fights off the infection; however, differences in immune responses to different viruses may explain the tendency for acute infection to resolve rather than develop to chronic infection. Hepatitis viruses employ a variety of tactics to evade human immunity. To fully comprehend the complicated interplay between immunological mediators and HBV infection, more research is needed.
Effects of hookah smoking on liver functions, lipid profile, and adult blood count
Authors: Yaseen Muna , Alkubaisy Sami , Saleh Marwan Mahmood 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Smoking is the most common habit and the largest health risk among people who have an impact on the human body. The goal of our study was to examine the effects of hookah (Shisha) on the liver, lipid profile, and blood content in adult smokers to adult non-smokers.

Materials and Methods: A total of 50 men between the ages of 30 and 60 years took part in the study. These samples were divided into two groups: 30 smokers and 20 non-smokers. Every male is subjected to a complete medical history survey as well as frequent tests to rule out any underlying illnesses or diseases. Blood samples were taken in quantities of 10 mL to examine the blood. Blood samples were placed on the red roof when blood samples were used with anticoagulant factor. The identification of biological parameters was done using enzyme methods and a Random kit.

Results: The results showed that Hb, PCV, WBC, ESR, platelets, and RBC were all elevated, whereas ALP and transaminase enzymes were not. Although not significantly, TC and TG increased the lipid profile findings. Our analysis yielded a wide range of outcomes. Various factors could be to blame for these disparities.

Conclusion: We describe how future research will focus on the relationship between organ functions and their working tests for smoking effects based on our findings. Age, sex, nutrition, and hereditary behavior must all be included in future studies.
Correlation of CA 19-9 with HbA1c in prediabetic and diabetic groups
Authors: Pratheeksha . , Chandran Vinod , Rao Gayathri M. , Rao Durga 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA 19-9) is a marker of pancreatic cancer. In diabetics, pancreatic beta cell dysfunction can lead to elevated serum CA19-9 level. This study was designed for estimation of CA19-9 in diabetes and its correlation with glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin.

Materials and Methods: The includes diabetic, pre diabetic with no history of malignancies and healthy normal subjects (n=50 each). Ca19-9 was estimated using ELISA, HbA1c by D10-Biorad variant turbo and the Lipid profile in Roche COBAs 6000 auto analyzer. Statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version17 (SPSS 17). P <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Serum CA19-9 level was high in diabetics compared to normal, (p=0.38) however it was decreased in pre diabetic group (P=0.06). There was significant difference in comparison of CA19-9 levels between pre diabetic and diabetics(p=0.001). A significant increase in triglycerides was observed both in diabetics (p<0.01) and pre-diabetics(p=0.04). There was a significant positive correlation of CA19-9 with TC/HDL (p=0.022) and non-HDL(p) in control group.

Conclusion: CA19-9 levels can be influenced by glycemic status, hence assessment of pancreatic cancer in diabetic patients must be interpreted carefully in consideration with CA19-9 levels. CA19-9 level was decreased in prediabetics when compared to normal and diabetics. This is a novel finding, the cause for which must ascertained, and this will open further avenues for research.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fetal growth and development in pregnant women
Authors: V. Srilekha , Vijayalakshmi B. , Reddy I. Yogananda , Fathima Nayiema 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Fetal growth is a dynamic process that must be monitored in pregnant women to reduce the long-term consequences of fetal anomalies and post-natal effects on their life. The current study was aimed to find out the effectiveness and association of vitamin D on fetal growth during the prenatal period.

Materials and Methods: It was a randomized control trial undertaken in 100 pregnant women who were allocated randomly into two groups based on calcemic state. After giving 6000 IU of vitamin D intervention the fetal growth was measured at the end of 3 months and the variables were obtained before and after the intervention.

Results: The mean difference of fetal weight between groups was 77g was significantly increased to 277g (p<0.01) after 3 months. The mean difference of femur length before intervention was 0.95mm (p-0.18) significantly increased to 3.03mm (p<0.01). Further, the mean biparietal diameter difference was 0.13mm (p-0.92) was substantially increased to 4.77mm(p<0.01).

Conclusion: The current study suggests that the fetal growth variables were significantly increased in post-intervention phases which can be attributed to vitamin D. It has an immense effect on fetal growth which can be supplemented during different trimesters to enhance fetal development.
Assessment of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and interlukin-6 as diagnostic aid for neonatal infections at a tertiary care center
Authors: Pandey Jayesh , Bisht Dakshina , Mittal Mahima , Singh Amresh Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: Neonatal infections are the leading cause of mortality among neonates after prematurity. The importance determining biological markers to be used as a diagnostic test to detect neonatal infections the in early stage of the disease is a challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness & sensitivity of various serological markers such as serum Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and chemokine IL-6 for diagnosis of neonatal infections leading to sepsis in new born infants.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and meeting the selection criteria. Samples were collected for blood culture and ELISA was performed for detection of CRP, PCT & IL-6.
Results: A total of 300 newborns were included in this study from NICU of which 132 (44%) neonates was found to be blood culture positive. The most frequently isolated organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.5%), followed by Candida albicans (18.1%). In case of confirmed neonatal sepsis, significant higher levels of CRP, PCT and IL-6 were detected than in cases of probable sepsis. Serum procalcitonin levels exhibit highest sensitivity and specificity as 65.91% and 91.67% respectively.
Conclusion: Serum procalcitonin has better diagnostic utility in terms of biological marker for the diagnosis of neonatal infections than C- reactive protein and Interleukin-6.
Comparison of hematological parameters in mild and severe COVID-19 infected patients: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Pinto Tania Eltrida , D'Cunha Rithesh Joseph , Fernandes Shannon , Nireeksha . , T. Gurumurthy 
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Aim: With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raging on, there is a need to identify clinical and laboratory predictors which predict progression towards severe and fatal forms of this illness. Our study aims to evaluate the ability of hematologic and biochemical biomarkers to discriminate between patients with and without severe or fatal forms of COVID-19.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 Covid positive patients;100 with mild disease and 100 with severe disease. Medical records were reviewed to collect demographic data and results of the following blood investigations were noted at admission: Hb, Platelet count, Total and Differential leukocyte count, CRP, AST, ALT, LDH, Ferritin and D-Dimer. Comparative analysis was performed between the 2 groups.

Results: A significant difference in the basophil count (mean 2.35 and 5.92) among those with mild and severe disease respectively was noted as also with the eosinophil count (mean 6.88 and 1.79). The levels of CRP were higher in those with severe disease as compared to the mild disease group (mean 276.29 and 65.23). Ferritin levels were markedly increased severe disease patients (mean 1275.66 and 533.94). D-dimer was markedly increased in COVID-19 patients with severe disease (mean 3813.91 ng/ml) compared to those with mild disease group (mean 521.78 ng/ml).

Conclusion: Hematological and biochemical markers positively correlate to the severity of covid infection, thus highlighting their role in the early diagnosis of the disease and can act as independent markers in predicting severity and prognosis of disease.
Covid vaccine dilemma curbing the herd immunity in India- Jab or no jab?
Authors: Rai Srinidhi , Rai Tirthal , H. Sindhu , Rai B. Shamantha , Pakkala P. Rithesh 
Published: January 2022

After the devastating second wave of COVID-19, with the rapid increase in the number of new cases in many states of India marking the beginning of a probable third wave of COVID-19, our best bet is taking a jab to protect against COVID-19. Currently, licensed vaccines are found to be reasonably safe and effective. The second wave of COVID-19 was devastating, but it's a silver lining to note that most of the individuals who had taken the jab recovered with mild infections, and the hospitalization rates among jabbed individuals were meager. Various rumours related to the efficacy, safety, content, and side effects of the vaccine in India had caused a plunge in the vaccine acceptance rate leading to hesitancy and carelessness among the Indian population. This is a critical time for facts, not fear or rumors. This review provides an insight into the myths, pros and cons, and efficacy of the available vaccines.
Flow volume measured by duplex ultrasound in native arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis: a case report
Authors: Kartika Ronald Winardi 
Published: January 2022

Background : Native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice for hemodialysis patients. AVF lasts longer than artificial grafts or central venous catheters. In addition, AVF has fewer complications than other vascular accesses. The use of Doppler ultrasound is used to facilitate fistula construction (vascular mapping) including AVF maturation to see if AVF can be used.
Doppler ultrasound monitoring for maturation of AV fistulas should be monitored sonographically until the fistula is ready for use, especially when maturation is slow and in patients whose veins cannot easily be assessed by physical examination alone (eg because of obesity). The AVF DUS flow volume measurement may be the only imaging tool that can be used to monitor a fistula even during its maturation. Even so, DUS should always be done before AVF is used for the first time. This examination provides baseline data on vascular access, which can be useful in subsequent tests performed to evaluate functional problems.
Case report : A man, 52 years old who has done AV Fitula two weeks ago. Currently patients are using a double lumen catheter (CDL) for routine hemodialysis. One day the patient had his CDL removed. Even though the patient feels thrill in the AV fistula, the nephrorologist still doubts whether the AV fistula is ripe and can be used. For this reason, a Duplex Ultrasound is performed to assess the diameter, velocity flow, PSV and TAMV .By positioning the sample volume in the presumed stenosis site, the Doppler velocity test detects a systolic peak velocity.
Conclusion: Color flow Doppler imaging should be used as a tool to screen for areas of high velocity and to aid in the optimal placement of the pulsed Doppler sample volume. The pulsed Doppler sample volume should be set at the smallest size possible to detect discrete changes in blood flow meanwhile doppler ultrasound should be use in monitoring for maturation of AV fistulas
Vida, palabra y técnica en la enseñanza de la filosofía
Authors: Miró i Comas Abel 
Published: January 2022

La clase de filosofía, desde la perspectiva del docente, no debe considerarse como una mera actividad transeúnte o predicamental. El presente estudio quiere examinarla, siguiendo la metafísica de la vida de Tomás de Aquino, como una obra vital, que requiere, por un lado, que el profesor se haga una sola cosa —una sola vida, podemos decir— con la doctrina que va a explicar y, por el otro, que esta intelección actual, sin movimiento alguno, dé lugar a la «concepción» y al «parto» de lo entendido en una palabra del corazón, la cual, por su dinamismo intrínseco, tiende, a su vez, a manifestarse exteriormente en una palabra sonora, en un «verbum vocis». Esta exteriorización, por la cual aquella íntima operación que constituye la vida del que filosofa se corporeiza en forma de «diálogo», es, precisamente, la clase de filosofía. La técnica pedagógica debe tener en cuenta el orden intrínseco por el cual la vida humana, mediante la formación de una palabra del corazón, procede a su propia perfección, y no debe olvidar que el perfeccionamiento vital del profesor es causa (instrumental) del perfeccionamiento vital del alumno; es decir, quien no «produce», quien no «engendra», quien no «crea» interiormente lo que está explicando —independientemente de si se trata o no de una novedad— difícilmente ofrecerá unos medios adecuados para que el alumno conciba y dé a luz, en la intimidad de su mente, a un «verbum cordis».
Endometriosis’s impact on reproductive structures and its treatment
Authors: Gagour Jamila , ELMOUMOU Lahcen 
Published: January 2022

Endometriosis is a painful, chronic disease affecting approximately 10% of all women at reproductive age, and from the most common locations where endometriosis is found: the ovary, fallopian tubes, and uterine ligaments, and, less commonly they are found in the lung, the bladder, rectum, and intestines. It is known that endometriosis, in the reproductive organs, causes pelvic pain before or during menstruation, difficulty in pregnancy or infertility, for reasons that are not entirely clear, but some theories have tried to explain this phenomenon and confirmed that it may be a result of a defect in the immune and hormonal system in addition to some factors that affect egg’s quality and the movement of the gametes and therefore reproduction function. Treatment options now focus on pain management and attempting to limit the progression of implants, using a range of hormonal medications such as anti-progesterone, progestin, oral contraceptives, and GnRH, also including surgical procedures such as endometriosis and adhesion tissue. In this review, weshed light on the damage and issues that women may face due to this disease. We discuss some alternative solutions used by specialists for patient susceptibility.
Explorando las salidas alternativas a la prisión en clave feminista
Authors: Volodar Nadia Andrea 
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como fin analizar la complejidad de la situación de las mujeres y las disidencias sexuales cuando son denunciantes de las violencias de género en el proceso penal, en el marco del actual crecimiento de las investigaciones de estos casos en la Argentina y en toda la región latinoamericana.
El objetivo principal es hacer un aporte sobre cuáles son algunas de las múltiples aristas a considerar con respecto a la aplicación de los institutos de medidas alternativas de resolución de conflictos para lograr minimizar el avance del poder punitivo. En esta línea, nos focalizamos en estudiar las posibilidades de aplicarlas y en cuáles son, actualmente (y cómo debieran ser), las respuestas de la administración de justicia en la Argentina, a la luz del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos y los lineamientos de los poderes de gobierno argentinos, en especial a través del fallo Góngora y las modificaciones a la legislación penal de los últimos años.
A su vez, abordaremos los posicionamientos de los feminismos jurídicos desde referentes ineludibles que aportarán sus reflexiones en el gran debate sobre esta materia entre los feminismos garantistas –los cuáles propenden a explorar estos institutos, respetando la multiplicidad de los casos– y aquellos feminismos que se oponen a su aplicación casi indefectiblemente, por considerar que se afectan los derechos de la persona damnificada.
Palabras claves: derecho penal, feminismos, violencia de género, poder punitivo, antipunitivismo.
Minha carne não me define:
Authors: Do Carmo Nádia Amaro , Rodrigues Ozaias da Silva 
Published: January 2022

O artigo realiza uma discussão a respeito da hipersexualização da mulher negra brasileira. Esta pesquisa objetiva uma reflexão sobre as construções históricas do papel de mulheres negras no Brasil, consideradas como mero objeto sexual, negando a ocupação de outros lugares na sociedade que não aqueles vinculados ao exercício da sexualidade ou do trabalho compulsório. Além deste lugar naturalizado, as estatísticas apresentam situações que se perpetuam quando estas assumem outros espaços sociais, como a condição salarial, por exemplo, abaixo da que a mulher branca recebe e, que também é inferior à recebida por homens. Sua cor aponta o lugar social, mas também justifica uma sexualidade para atendimento das necessidades do outro. Os vieses produzidos pela ciência confirmam também este lugar que vem sendo desconstruído a partir de outros olhares, repensados pelos movimentos sociais e uma ciência que considera as diferentes formas de expressão da vida humana. Assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho é analisar os processos de hipersexualização e resistência da mulher negra no Brasil. Para atingir este objetivo, optou-se pela investigação de caráter bibliográfico, por se adequar ao contexto de produção destas reflexões, para melhor compreensão do tema a ser estudado. Conclui-se destacando o papel do movimento de mulheres e, posteriormente, de mulheres negras, no enfrentamento a situações de naturalização do comportamento da mulher negra e seu lugar social, a partir de compreensão equivocada de sua sexualidade a serviço do outro. E ainda, da necessária articulação e ressignificação de valores, a partir de narrativas construídas a partir de seu lugar social, como mulheres que fizeram e continuam fazendo sua própria história.
Palavras-chave: Hipersexualização. Mulher negra. Resistência. História. Brasil.