bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a strip fertilization planter for rice straw crushing with back-throwing and interrow-laying
Authors: Shi Yinyan , Jiang Ye , WANG Xiaochan , YU Haiming , Liu Hui , Chen Jingbo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: In order to improve the current situations in rice-wheat rotation region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as large amount of rice straw, complex returning process, short-time stubble connection, high power consumption, poor smoothness and especially unstable performance, and further promote the resource utilization process of full straw returning in Jiangsu province, this study combined with the agronomic requirements of wheat sowing in rice-stubble land, a strip fertilization planter for straw crushing with back-throwing and interrow-laying in full stubble fields was developed.Results: Structural design and theoretical analysis were carried out on key components such as straw crushing device, broken-straw control device, soil rotary-tillage device and power transmission device, etc., to determine the corresponding structure and operating performance parameters, and then the field performance and verification tests were completed on the uniformity of inter-row mulching-straw Y1 and the variability of seed-band width Y2. The results showed that the crushing spindle rotation-speed A had an extremely significant impact on Y1, followed by the machine ground speed B. The conveying impeller rotation-speed C had an extremely significant effect on Y2, also secondary to the machine ground speed B. And the superior combination of factor levels as A2B2C2 was adopted through the comprehensive power energy consumption analysis. The verification test results indicated that under the optimized operation parameter combination, namely, when the crushing spindle rotation-speed A was 2100 r/min, the machine ground speed B was 0.8 m/s, and the conveying impeller rotation-speed C was 210 r/min, the mean value of inter-row straw uniformity Y1 and seed-band width variation Y2 were 90.85% and 10.73%, respectively, after machine operation.Conclusion: It meets the requirements of operation quality and planting agronomy of relevant protective tillage machinery, and provides technical and equipment support for the research and development of similar straw crushing and no-tillage sowing.
The Effects of Oral fat Based High-Energy Supplements on Nutritional and Inflammatory Status in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Pan mingming , Gao Min , Zheng Jing , Yu Jirong , Xu Sheng-chun , Xia Mei-xia , Liu Wen-jie , Zhang Liu-ping , Zhang Xiao-liang , Liu Bi-cheng , Cao Jing-yuan , Wang Bin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) and inflammation have been recognized as two major factors associated with the poor prognosis of patients with maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral fat based high-energy supplements (Fresubin) on malnutrition and inflammation in MHD patients. Method: This study was open-label, prospective, nonrandomized and comparative. A total of 47 MHD patients with PEW were randomly assigned into 2 groups: a control group, and a Fresubin treatment group, in which patients received daily diet intake and Fresubin nutrient support 120 mL/d for 80 days. Laboratory data and anthropometric parameters were measured. Result: The results showed that compared with baseline, the level of serum albumin at 80 d in the Fresubin treatment group was significantly increased (35.4 ± 3.7 vs 38.9 ± 2.9, p = 0.003), while there was no significant difference in the control group. In addition, the magnitudes of changes in albumin (p = 0.009), serum prealbumin (p = 0.017), and abdominal circumference (p = 0.037) in the Fresubin treatment group were markedly increased compared with those in the control group. There was a downward trend in the inflammatory marker hypersensitive C-reactive protein in the Fresubin group (p =0.056), which decreased more dramatically than that in the control group (p = 0.026). Conclusion: Fresubin treatment is well tolerated, and improves malnutrition and inflammatory status in MHD patients with PEW.
Research on Dynamic Crack Propagation Characteristics of V-shaped Energy-accumulating Charge Pack at Different Angles
Authors: luo haohao , Zhang Yuantong , Li Chengxiao , Xu Bin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to study the crack propagation characteristics of the V-shaped energy-storage package at different angles, a new numerical laser caustics test system was used to observe the fracture process of the V-shaped energy-concentrating charge package, the mechanical distribution mechanism around the blast hole of the energy-accumulating charge package is analyzed, and using fractal theory to evaluate the damage degree of the energy-accumulating medicine package. Series of caustics test results show, the main crack has a longer expansion length in the energy-concentrating direction, and the crack expansion length is shorter in the non-energy-concentrating direction, the fractal results of the shaped charge pack show that as the angle of the shaped charge pack increases, the fractal dimension of the binarized picture of the shaped charge pack gradually becomes smaller, and the crack propagation complexity becomes lower and lower, and the main crack is along the energy gathering direction The directivity is becoming less and less obvious, When the energy gathering angle is 120°, the main crack propagation process is similar to that of the circular charge (control group).
Psychological Stress Induces an Increase in Cholinergic Enteric Neuromuscular Pathways Mediated by Glucocorticoid Receptors
Authors: Blin Justine , Gautier Camille , Aubert Philippe , Durand Tony , Oullier Thibauld , Naveilhan Philippe , Masson Damien , Neunlist Michel , Bach-Ngohou Kalyane 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Repeated acute stress (RASt) is known to be associated with gastrointestinal dysfunctions. However, mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. While glucocorticoids are clearly identified as hormones of stress, their implication, and those of their specific glucocorticoid receptors (GR), in RASt induced gut dysfunctions remain unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the involvement of GR on RASt induced changes in gut motility, particularly through the enteric nervous system (ENS). Using a murine water avoidance stress model, we characterized the impact of RASt upon ENS phenotype and colonic motility. Next, the expression of GR onto the ENS and their functional impact upon RASt induced changes in ENS phenotype and motor response were evaluated. We showed that the GR was expressed in myenteric neurons in the distal colon under basal condition, and that RASt enhanced its nuclear translocation. RASt increased the proportion of ChAT-IR neurons, acetylcholine tissue concentration, and enhanced cholinergic neuromuscular transmission as compared to control. Finally, we showed that GR specific antagonist (CORT108297) prevented the increase of acetylcholine and in vivo colonic motility. Altogether our study suggests that RASt-induced functional changes in motility are, at least partly, due to GR dependent enhanced cholinergic ENS phenotype.
Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid Restrains Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Degradation of Osteoarthritis via Suppression of NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Zhou Jing , Han Zeyu , Li Xueyan , Qian Yinhua , Bai Lang , Han Qibin , Zhang Xiaoyu , Chen Qi , Tao Huaqiang , Gao Maofeng , Xue Yi , Hu Dan , Geng Dechun , Yang Xing , Hao Yuefeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Mechanical stress along with inflammation play causative roles in the development of osteoarthritis (OA), which decreases the quality of life and causes economic loss. Inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation have been identified as key factors in the development of OA. As the main active component in frankincense, acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) has been shown to have positive effects on inflammation. However, the effects of AKBA in cartilage inflammation and ECM degradation are currently elusive.Methods: We demonstrated the role of inflammation and ECM degradation in the pathogenesis of OA and determined the protective effect of AKBA on both Hulth-Telhag rat OA model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat chondrocytes.Results: We found increased inflammatory expression and decreased ECM expression in OA model cartilage and LPS-induced chondrocytes. Meanwhile, the protective effect of AKBA and its inhibitory effects on inflammation as well as ECM-related markers were also observed in the rat Hulth-Telhag model. Furthermore, activation of NF-κB attenuated nuclear p65 protein levels in chondrocytes upon LPS stimulation. In addition, AKBA was found to subsequently reversed the LPS-induced activation of NF- κB signal and inflammation-related ECM degradation in chondrocytes.Conclusions: Suppression of NF-κB pathway activation by AKBA restrains OA development via inhibition of inflammation and ECM degradation. AKBA is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of OA.
Synthesis, characterization and comparative gas sensing study of ZnO–GO and ZnO–rGO compounds
Authors: Hosseini Nastaran Sadat , Hassanzadeh javad , Ziabari Ali Abdolahzadeh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, we prepare composites of ZnO–GO and ZnO–rGO through an economic and facile route and comparatively study their gas sensitivity towards ethanol. The morphological, compositional and structural properties of the prepared composites are investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy–dispersive X–ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and X–ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The optimal work temperature of 300˚C was observed for the prepared samples. ZnO–GO–based sensor shows higher sensitivity than ZnO–rGO. Also, the variation of response and recovery time with the gas concentration is investigated. As is expected, the sensitivity increases as the gas concentration increases. Besides, it was revealed that the response and recovery time is a function of the surface morphology.
Real-time Melt Pool Depth Estimation and Control During Metal-directed Energy Deposition for Porosity Reduction
Authors: Jeon Ikgeun , Liu Peipei , Sohn Hoon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Porosity is one of the most critical defects in additive manufacturing (AM). Although porosity formation is significantly influenced by the melt pool depth (MPD), MPD estimation and control during AM is difficult to realize. In this study, a real-time MPD estimation and control system was developed to reduce porosity formation during metal-directed energy deposition (DED). First, the width, length, height, and profile slope of the melt pool were measured using an infrared camera and a line scanner during the DED process. Thereafter, an artificial neural network (ANN) was trained and adopted to estimate the MPD in real time. A feedback control system, which adjusts the power of the printing laser, was developed to instantaneously minimize the discrepancy between the estimated MPD value and the set MPD value. The effectiveness of the proposed system for porosity reduction was validated by inspecting the printed metal components using X-ray microscopy. The porosity of the components printed with the proposed system was 81% reduced in comparison with the uncontrolled parts.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Premenstrual Syndrome in Female College Students
Authors: Chen Chang Yu , Kawabe Rika , Morino Saori , Nagai-Tanima Momoko , Aoyama Tomoki , Mukaiyama Kohei , Shinohara Yuki , Shimizu Hiroki , Shimoura Kanako , Kato Masaya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

In recent years, moderate physical activity has attracted the attention of experts and women as a way to cope with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Studies investigated the effects of exercise on PMS, but only a few reports focused on the relationship between physical activity, which included daily movement and exercise, and PMS. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between the amount of daily physical activity and PMS symptoms in sexually mature women.
Methods

A total of 381 female university students in Japan were surveyed using a paper or web-based questionnaire with the same content. The questionnaire consisted of basic information, PMS symptoms, and physical activity based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Participants were divided into two groups (≥ 3000 The Metabolic Equivalent of Task(MET)s/week and < 3000 METs/week) based on their total physical activity as calculated using the IPAQ guidelines. The two groups were then compared in terms of the severity of their PMS physical and psychological symptoms as calculated based on the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ PMS diagnostic criteria. The Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used for statistical analyses. We then divided the participants based on the presence or absence of each symptom using the Chi-square test. The significance level was set at < 5%.
Results

Those with total physical activity of 3000 METs or more had lower total PMS symptom scores (p < 0.01), physical symptom scores (p = 0.01), and psychological symptom scores (p = 0.01) compared with those with total physical activity of < 3000 METs/week.
Conclusion

These results suggest that people with moderate physical activity (≥ 3000 METs/week) in daily life have milder symptoms of PMS.
The Combined Role of Obesity and Depressive Symptom in the Association with Ischemic Heart Disease and Its Subtypes
Authors: liu Shuo , Luo Jia , Zhang Tianhao , Zhang Dongfeng , Zhang Hua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the combined effects of depression and obesity on ischemic heart disease and its subtypes. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 were used. A total of 29,050 participants aged 20 years or older were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations between depression symptom and ischemic heart disease. There were significant correlations between depressive symptoms and ischemic heart disease [OR and 95%CI: 2.44(1.91,3.10)] and its subtypes: coronary heart disease [2.32(1.67,3.23)], heart attack [2.18(1.71,2.78)], and angina [2.72(1.96,3.79)].The synergistic effects of depression with obesity (BMI≥30) and central obesity (waist ≥102/88cm for men/women) on ischemic heart disease were estimated and expressed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). The RERI and AP with 95% CIs of depression and central obesity for ischemic heart disease were 1.10(0.01,2.19) and 0.35(0.06,0.64). When we analysed the other three subtypes of ischemic heart disease, we only found depressive symptoms and central obesity could have a meaningful synergistic effect on heart attack (RERI: 0.84(-0.28, 1.96) AP:(0.31(0.00, 0.69)).
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density and Its Correlation With Birth Weight, Anthropometric Parameters, and Ocular Biometric Parameters in Chinese School Children
Authors: Wang Zijin , Zuo Xiaoxia , Liu Lei , Chen Xuejuan , Li Rui , Zhu Hui , Huang Dan , Tong Haohai , Zhao Xiaoyan , Yan Wen , Shen Shiya , Wang Yun , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Andi , Chen Danni , Ding Ranran , Li Shiding , Liu Hu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: To describe the distribution of corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), and to explore its correlation with birth weight (BW), anthropometric parameters, and ocular biometric parameters in Chinese school children aged 82 to 94 months.Methods: In the population-based cross-sectional Nanjing Eye Study, children were measured for anthropometric information, for ECD by the noncontact specular microscope and for ocular biometric parameters by the optic low-coherent reflectometer. Data from right eyes were analyzed to illustrate the distribution of ECD and for determining correlated factors with ECD using multiple linear regression analysis. Comparisons among three different BW groups were performed using a one-way ANOVA analysis followed by the Bonferroni correction for pairwise comparisons.Results: Of 1171 children, the mean (± standard deviation) ECD was 2875.34 ± 195.00 cells/mm2. In the Multiple Linear Regression analysis, BW, gender and central corneal thickness were significantly associated with ECD. The ECD increased by 36.57 cells/mm2 with BW increasing by 1 kg (P = 0.001) and increased by 0.44 cells/mm2 for every additional 1 mm in central corneal thickness (P = 0.009). The ECD of girls was 58.23 cells/mm2 higher than boys (P < 0.001). Children born with low BW presented significantly lower ECD than those born with normal BW (P < 0.05) and high BW (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The ECD is positively correlated with BW and central corneal thickness, in which BW is a newly identified associated factor. It is like that gender plays an important role in ECD distribution while girls have relatively greater ECD than boys.
Evaluation of Wear Measurement With Radioactive Isotopes for DLC Coatings Affected by Abrasive Particles
Authors: Zellhofer Manuel , Jech Martin , Badisch Ewald , Ditrói Ferenc , Kuebler Andreas , Mayrhofer Paul Heinz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diamon-like carbon (DLC) coatings protect engine parts from wear and provide low-friction. Unfortunately, the nature of DLC coatings does not allow progressing wear measurement using conventional methods. Therefore, we applied a radioactive isotope-based wear measurement method (RIC method). A tribometer with oscillating contact and one with sliding contact were used to provide different loading conditions. The RIC method was evaluated for DLC coatings, and the DLC wear was investigated regarding the presence of abrasive particles. The results indicate that an increase in abrasive particle concentration leads to an increase of DLC wear rate and a decrease in usage-time until wear-off.
Shaping Health: Conducting A Community Health Needs Assessment in Israel's Northern Periphery
Authors: Rayan-Gharra Nosaiba , Gutler-Ofir Marganit , Spitzer Sivan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The impact of social determinants on health status and outcomes has been widely established. However, it is recognized that health systems' ability to address community health needs may be limited. To better understand the interrelation between social determinants of health and health outcomes, health systems need to understand the health concerns and needs of populations. The aim of this study was to map the perceived health needs of residents in the Galilee region, Israel's northern periphery through a community health needs assessment (CHNA).Methods: The study employed a mixed-methods approach. We conducted a CHNA in the Galilee between November 2019 to January 2020 (n=750). Additionally, we conducted focus groups using design thinking methodology to better understand the underlying causes of existing gaps between community and healthcare representatives (n=47). Quantitative data was analyzed using multiple logistic regressions and qualitative data was analyzed using a content and thematic analysis. Results: Galilee residents perceived sense of community (78%) as the major strength while cancer (53%) was perceived as the major health problem followed by heart disease and stroke (28.4%). The adjusted odds ratios for the association of each predictor with each perceived social and structural determinants of health among respondents indicated that Arab respondents were more likely to report race/ethnicity discrimination, domestic violence, lack of parks and recreation, neighborhood violence, limited places to exercise, school dropout and limited access to healthy food, as determinants affecting health than Jews. Conversely, Jews were more likely than Arabs to report access to mental health services, access to transportation, lack of job opportunities and access to a doctor's office as determinants affecting their health. Qualitative analysis revealed residents felt a 'lack of health security' as a result of problematic access to specialty and mental health services, especially for elderly populations. Conclusions: CHNA can inform the design of tailored interventions that will improve health for Galilee residents addressing their socioeconomic-cultural-geographical characteristics. The study's findings raise the need to create such tailored approaches to address the lack of health security felt by residents and improve not only health services provision but the social determinants affecting their health.
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Virga-like Virus Detected From Wheat
Authors: Li Hua , Guo Jun , Zhao ZhongHua , Ye Zhuangxin , Chen Jianping , Yang Jian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, we report the detection of a novel single strand RNA virus from wheat，tentatively named Triticum aestivum-associated virga-like virus 1 (TaAVLV1). Further characterization revealed that the complete genome of TaAVLV1 was divided into two segments, RNA1 and RNA2, which were 3530 and 3466 nt long, excluding the polyA tail. These segments contained two open reading frames (ORFs). The ORF in RNA1 encoded an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), while the ORF in RNA2 encoded a putative protein carrying MET and HEL domains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp protein of each representative genus of Virgaviridae placed TaAVLV1 in an unclassified virga-like virus clade the family. To our knowledge, this is the novel virga-like virus detected from wheat. Future studies will be conducted to examine its effect on host growth and development.
An Energy-based Study of the Embedded Element Method for Explicit Dynamics
Authors: Martin Valerie , Kraft Reuben , Hannah Thomas , Ellis Stephen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The embedded finite element technique provides a unique approach for modeling of fiber-reinforced composites. Meshing fibers as distinct bundles represented by truss elements embedded in a matrix material mesh allows for the assignment of more specific material properties for each component rather than homogenization of all of the properties. However, the implementations of the embedded element technique available in commercial software do not replace the material of the matrix elements with the material of the embedded elements. This causes a redundancy in the volume calculation of the overlapping meshes leading to artificially increased stiffness and mass. This paper investigates the consequences in the energy calculations of an explicit dynamic model due to this redundancy. A method for the correction of the redundancy within a finite element code is suggested which removes extra energy and is shown to be effective at correcting the energy calculations for large amounts of redundant volume.