bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The features of the USSR population reproduction in 1920–1930 in the demographic stability parameters
Authors: Teslyuk Roman T. , Andrusyshyn Nataliya I. , Bachynska Mariya V. 
Published: June 2022

The 1932–1933 Holodomor genocide caused a significant reduction of the population and distorted the main parameters of the country’s demographic stability. To analyze the changes in the population by the longitudinal analysis method, the survival rates are calculated for age groups of the population in the intercensal periods. Calculations based on the data of 1926 and 1939 censuses show substantial inconsistencies in the survival rate for five female age groups within the range of 33-57 years old. Despite the 1932–1933 demographic catastrophe and taking into account the natural mortality before and after the Holodomor, the number of people in these age categories changed slightly and even increased for the 43-47 category. The authors prove that migration in the intercensal period couldn’t have caused such growth, and the calculated coefficients confirm the questionable quality of the 1939 census. The paper reveals that the first stage of demographic transition should have been in 1932–1933, yet historical-political and socio-economic conditions of demographic reproduction aggravated considerably in early 1930. The recovery of the high birth rate in 1937–1938 shows that the first stage of demographic transition wasn’t finalized. Calculation of the number of women in the most active childbirth age and analysis of birth rate for 1924–1929 shows that in 1930–1933, the birth rate should have increased. The calculated indirect demographic losses account 310,000-430,000 annually for 1930, 1931, 1937, and 1938, and from 630,000 to 1 million for 1932–1936. Such insignificant volume of indirect losses substantially reduced demographic stability, in the first place of Ukrainian village. The incomplete and questionable nature of demographic data after 1932 does not allow complete reconstruction of the demographic reproduction processes in the USSR in the 1930s. Archive data on the natural movement of the population on lover administrative-territorial levels, current statistical recordings, and recordings of the civil status acts on birth and mortality, etc. can be the perspective sources of demographic information.
PENGARUH PENDAMPINGAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Nurul Ainun  , Husni Muhammad , Yuniar Lestarini  
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena ditemukan masih banyak orang tua yang kurang menyadari arti pentingnya pendampingan dalam proses belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendampingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain analisis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah angket pendampingan orang tua yang sudah dilakukan pengujian validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Sedangkan dokumentasi berupa hasil gambar fasilitas belajar, pendampingan anak dalam proses belajar dan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji prasyarat analisis menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji linieritas. Uji normalitas menggunakan kolmograv smirnov dengan hasil perhitungan 0,20 dan uji linieritas 0,77. Uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan uji t dengan taraf signifikan 0,05. Berdasarkan perhitungan untuk uji hipotesis, pengaruh pendampingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar memberikan sumbangan sebesar 79,7% dengan = 13,717 dan nilai signifikansi 0,00 0,05 berarti hipotesis penelitian diterima. Sedangkan sumbangan sebesar 20,3% dipengaruhi variabel lain diluar penelitian ini. Dengan demikian terdapat pengaruh pendampingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas V SDN 1 Sukamulia dimasa pandemi covid-19 Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021.
HAMBATAN DALAM PENERAPAN PENDEKATANSAINTIFIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR DAN UPAYA MENGATASINYA
Authors: Madu Fransiska Jaiman , Gilbertus L. Targan  , Mariana Jediut  
Published: June 2022

The main issue discussed in this study is the obstacles that teachers experience in applying a scientific approach in elementary school. One of the main reasons for teacher barriers in applying scientific approaches is the limitation of teachers' pedagogical competence and the teacher's lack of understanding of the scientific approach. The purpose of this study is to describe the obstacles faced by teachers in applying a scientific approach in elementary school and efforts to overcome the obstacles faced by teachers in applying a scientific approach in elementary school. This type of research is literature study research. Data collection techniques using documentation techniques.
The results showed that: 1) Teacher barriers in applying a scientific approach in elementary school are found in the five main characteristics of the scientific approach, namely: first, observing; teachers experience bullying because some students participate in observing the problems given by the teacher while there are still students who chat or tend to be quiet rather than observing the object given by the teacher; second, ask; teachers have difficulty because students are still less active in asking questions; third, collect information; teachers experience concern because the source of information that elementary students believe only comes from teachers; fourth, associating / reasoning, teachers experience concern when the implementation is announced to be less able or unable to think critically about something; fifth, communicate; Teachers experience bullying because students' speaking skills are still low and most students feel embarrassed to talk to their friends in front of the class. 2) Efforts to overcome the obstacles faced by teachers in applying a scientific approach in elementary school, namely; first, observe; the teacher must create a learning atmosphere that can create student curiosity, as well as can encourage students to observe; second, ask; teachers must know the right learning strategies to increase learning motivation, so that students are active to ask questions, express opinions, and master the material; third, collect information; increased learning facilities and facilities, aiming to facilitate teachers and students in the learning process, then teachers must know the characteristics of students in the midst of a large number of students; fourth, associating; the teacher's efforts in overcoming obstacles to the characteristics of socializing, the teacher makes discussions with small groups; fifth, communicate; Teachers accustom students to communicate the results of group and individual work in front of the class so that their abilities are trained and formed.

Keywords: barriers to the application of scientific approaches
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MATEMATIKA BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PBL) SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sustanto  
Published: June 2022

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar matematika dengan berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) pada siswa sekolah dasar dengan materi bangun ruang kubus dan balok. Produk pengembangan ini memuat materi konsep bangun ruang kubus dan balok dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Sugiyono yakni meliputi: (1) potensi dan masalah, (2) pengumpulan data, (3) desain produk, (4) validasi desain, (5) revisi desain, (6) uji coba produk, (7) revisi produk, (8) uji coba pemakaian, (9) penyempurnaan produk akhir. Model pengembangan tersebut digunakan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar matematika bagi siswa dengan sedikit modifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian kelayakan dari para validator yang terdiri dari ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli media dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa produk pengembangan sangat layak digunakan. Selain itu, hasil penilaian kemenarikan berupa tanggapan dari guru dan juga respon dari siswa melalui angket dapat diperoeh hasil bahwa produk pengembangan juga sangat menarik. Dari hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar matematika yang dikembangkan dengan berbasis Project Based Learning pada materi bangun ruang kubus dan balok bagi siswa sekolah dasar ini layak untuk digunakan.
Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Bahan Ajar, Matematika, Project Based Learning
A FADING TRADITION: ON ONE GROUP OF EARLY SCYTHIAN POLE-TOPS
Authors: Frunt O. S. 
Published: June 2022

Since the beginning of the 20th century, researchers have paid attention to a series of the Scythian pole-tops with flat images of birds. These findings are one of the indicators of the assemblages of the second—third quarter of the 6th century BC.
At the moment, there are 4 sites in Central and Eastern Europe with finds of pole-tops from this series. These are Ulskii, barrow 2 (1909) and barrow 10 (1982) in the Kuban region, Răscăieţii Noi, barrow 1 in the Lower Dniester region and Zashchita, barrow 1 in the Dnieper Forest-Steppe.
Pole-tops with a flat reduced image of bird heads are found in the Kuban sites, which can be considered as ritual places or shrines. Zashchita, barrow 1 can probably also be considered as a ritual place. There were no burial pits in such mounds. Under the burial mounds there were wooden structures with tent-shaped roofs or wooden canopy, but there were no human burials. Excavations of recent decades have revealed that a pair of pole-tops were part of a wooden altar and were located at the entrance to the ritual place.
Probably, such pole-tops, like other sacred objects and details of the horse bridle, were ordered in one of the workshops in the Transcaucasus, where the art was formed under the influence of Lydian tradition of jewelry and toreutics. This can explain the fact that the finds differ from the early group of the pole-tops with rattles and three-dimensional figures of animals. The finds from Ulskii, barrow 2 (1909) and barrow 10 (1982) dated based on a horse bridle to the middle of the 6th century BC. The artifacts from Zashchita, barrow 1 and Răscăieţii Noi barrow appear to be replicas. They can be dated to the second half of the 6th century BC.
Thus, the series of tops with flat reduced images of birds of prey was formed in the Kuban region and, apparently, as a result of the contacts of local elites with the Transcaucasus and the influence of Lydian jewelry art and toreutics. The archaeological context of the finds proves their use outside the funeral rite but at the same time expresses a connection with the idea of sacrifice and sacralization of space. These objects mark the final stage of their use in the ritual of the Early Scythian Age. From the last quarter of the 6th century BC pole-tops as a cultural phenomenon also disappeared in the 5th century BC. Future research will have to show why the tradition of using these ritual attributes faded out and was “reinstated’ in the 4th century BC. In conclusion, it should be noted that the results allow us to make changes in the classification of the pole-tops.
ON THE ISSUE OF NORMATIVE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE FORENSIC EXPERT INVESTIGATION OF MOVABLE ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS (ARTEFACTS)
Authors: Sylenok K. P. 
Published: June 2022

Over the centuries, archaeological heritage of Ukraine has been developing under the influence of many factors. Research on such antiquities is a significant task of science for a detailed study of our history, deeper understanding of all stages of the formation, development and promotion of modern culture. Issues arising while protecting archaeological sites are relevant not only for Ukraine but also for many countries of the world. Preservation of history is the important task of every civilised country. Each monument is the source of information, and artefacts of a certain period in their totality represent a holistic cultural layer of history of people who lived in Ukraine no matter whether they were our ancestors or not.
The paper outlines the issues of legal regulation of the research of movable archaeological objects (artefacts). Attention is drawn to the legislation on protection and preservation of archaeological and cultural heritage, procedure of cultural properties circulation in Ukraine. The main focus is on enshrining the concept of movable archaeological objects in legislation of Ukraine and some foreign countries. The issue of elaboration of this topic in the legislation and in forensic science is also addressed.
Movable archaeological objects are exchanged and traded, such as Palaeolithic art, Bronze Age ornaments, stone axes, etc. Since they can be subject of crimes, and accordingly, can be investigated in forensic institutions, it is required to create a methodology for investigation of movable archaeological objects (artefacts) and conduct systematic research activities for the needs of forensic experts to ensure efficient provision of justice in Ukraine. It is also emphasised that while forensic examination of movable archaeological objects it is vital to establish their authenticity or non-authenticity.
PIDHIRTSI GROUP OF SITES: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE FUTURE RESEARCHES
Authors: Rzhewuska S. S. 
Published: June 2022

The paper is devoted to the history and historiography of the research of the Pidhirtsi group of sites of the Upper and Middle Dnieper basins of the Scythian Age. The source base includes 131 sites (82 of the Pidhirtsi type and 49 of the Mylohrad culture), which are located within the administrative boundaries of modern Ukraine. Chronological range is defined extending from the middle of 7th to the second quarter of 4th century BC. The territory covers the Middle Dnipro, Desna, Upper Horyn and Southern Buh basins which are the border between the forest-steppe and the mixed forests zones.
The majority of the sites were explored during fieldwalking survey with prospect trenches. On the excavated Pidhirtsi settlement special openwork bronze adornments identical to the Pidhirtsi treasure were found. Based on these materials in 1950 V. M. Danylenko singled out the Pidhirtsi group of sites.
There are four stages of research of the Pidhirtsi sites — from the accumulation of the materials to the interpretation. The first one (1915—1950s) is associated with the formation of the source base. In the second stage (1950—1970s) systematic study of the sites of the Upper and Middle Southern Buh and Lower Dnieper basins began. The third stage (1970—1990s) is characterized by attempts to systematize the identified materials. In the fourth stage (since the 1990s), researchers begin focusing on the interpretation of Pidhirtsi type adornments and implement the results for reconstructing the ethnic and cultural situation of the Middle Dnieper region in the Early Iron Age.
For a fact, the openwork bronze (bimetallic) adornments are cultural and chronological markers of the Pidhirtsi group of sites. In conclusion, topical issues of future research will be related to technological and morphological aspects of the Pidhirtsi type adornments, the origin, classification and dating.
RESEÑA LIBRO: Vierges à l'enfant des Pyrénées-Orientales. 1200-1400. Étude technique et stylistique
Authors: Barrio Olano Maite 
Published: June 2022

Vierges à l’enfant des Pyrénées-Orientales. 1200-1400. Étude technique et stylistique
Corinne Van HauwermeirenCoedición: Conservart y la Universidad de Namur (Bélgica)ISBN: 978-2-930022-08-6
Páginas: 280Ilustraciones: colorPublicado: septiembre 2021
Web : vierges à l’enfant – vierges à l’enfant (viergesalenfant.com)
The Circumstellar Environments of Double-peaked, Calcium-strong Transients 2021gno and 2021inl
Authors: Jacobson-Galán W. V. , Venkatraman P. , Margutti R. , Khatami D. , Terreran G. , Foley R. J. , Angulo R. , Angus C. R. , Auchettl K. , Blanchard P. K. , Bobrick A. , Bright J. S. , Brout D. , Chambers K. C. , Couch C. D. , Coulter D. A. , Clever K. , Davis K. W. , de Boer T. J. L. , DeMarchi L. , Dodd S. A. , Jones D. O. , Johnson J. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Khetan N. , Lai Z. , Langeroodi D. , Lin C.-C. , Magnier E. A. , Milisavljevic D. , Perets H. B. , Pierel J. D. R. , Raymond J. , Rest S. , Rest A. , Ridden-Harper R. , Shen K. J. , Siebert M. R. , Smith C. , Taggart K. , Tinyanont S. , Valdes F. , Villar V. A. , Wang Q. , Yadavalli S. K. , Zenati Y. , Zenteno A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present panchromatic observations and modeling of calcium-strong supernovae (SNe) 2021gno in the star-forming host-galaxy NGC 4165 and 2021inl in the outskirts of elliptical galaxy NGC 4923, both monitored through the Young Supernova Experiment transient survey. The light curves of both, SNe show two peaks, the former peak being derived from shock cooling emission (SCE) and/or shock interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). The primary peak in SN 2021gno is coincident with luminous, rapidly decaying X-ray emission (L

x
= 5 × 1041 erg s−1) detected by Swift-XRT at δ
t = 1 day after explosion, this observation being the second-ever detection of X-rays from a calcium-strong transient. We interpret the X-ray emission in the context of shock interaction with CSM that extends to r < 3 × 1014 cm. Based on X-ray modeling, we calculate a CSM mass M
CSM = (0.3−1.6) × 10−3
M
⊙ and density n = (1−4) × 1010 cm−3. Radio nondetections indicate a low-density environment at larger radii (r > 1016 cm) and mass-loss rate of

M

̇

<

10

−
4

M
⊙ yr−1. SCE modeling of both primary light-curve peaks indicates an extended-progenitor envelope mass M

e
= 0.02−0.05 M
⊙ and radius R

e
= 30−230 R
⊙. The explosion properties suggest progenitor systems containing either a low-mass massive star or a white dwarf (WD), the former being unlikely given the lack of local star formation. Furthermore, the environments of both SNe are consistent with low-mass hybrid He/C/O WD + C/O WD mergers.
On the Effect of the Large Magellanic Cloud on the Orbital Poles of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies
Authors: Pawlowski Marcel S. , Oria Pierre-Antoine , Taibi Salvatore , Famaey Benoit , Ibata Rodrigo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The reflex motion and distortion of the Milky Way (MW) halo caused by the infall of a massive Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been demonstrated to result in an excess of orbital poles of dark matter halo particles toward the LMC orbital pole. This was suggested to help explain the observed preference of MW satellite galaxies to coorbit along the Vast Polar Structure (VPOS). We test this idea by correcting the positions and velocities of the MW satellites for the Galactocentric-distance-dependent shifts inferred from a LMC-infall simulation. While this should substantially reduce the observed clustering of orbital poles if it were mainly caused by the LMC, we instead find that the strong clustering remains preserved. We confirm the initial study’s main result with our simulation of an MW-LMC-like interaction, and use it to identify two reasons why this scenario is unable to explain the VPOS: (1) the orbital pole density enhancement in our simulation is very mild (∼10% within 50–250 kpc) compared to the observed enhancement (∼220%–300%), and (2) it is very sensitive to the specific angular momenta (AM) of the simulation particles, with the higher-AM particles being affected the least. Particles in simulated dark matter halos tend to follow more radial orbits (lower AM), so their orbital poles are more easily affected by small offsets in position and velocity caused by a LMC infall than objects with more tangential velocity (higher AM), such as the observed dwarf galaxies surrounding the MW. The origin of the VPOS thus remains unexplained.
Radial Trapping of Thermal Rossby Waves within the Convection Zones of Low-mass Stars
Authors: Hindman Bradley W. , Jain Rekha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We explore how thermal Rossby waves propagate within the gravitationally stratified atmosphere of a low-mass star with an outer convective envelope. Under the conditions of slow, rotationally constrained dynamics, we derive a local dispersion relation for atmospheric waves in a fully compressible stratified fluid. This dispersion relation describes the zonal and radial propagation of acoustic waves and gravito-inertial waves. Thermal Rossby waves are just one class of prograde-propagating gravito-inertial wave that manifests when the buoyancy frequency is small compared to the rotation rate of the star. From this dispersion relation, we identify the radii at which waves naturally reflect and demonstrate how thermal Rossby waves can be trapped radially in a waveguide that permits free propagation in the longitudinal direction. We explore this trapping further by presenting analytic solutions for thermal Rossby waves within an isentropically stratified atmosphere that models a zone of efficient convective heat transport. We find that, within such an atmosphere, waves of short zonal wavelength have a wave cavity that is radially thin and confined within the outer reaches of the convection zone near the star’s equator. The same behavior is evinced by the thermal Rossby waves that appear at convective onset in numerical simulations of convection within rotating spheres. Finally, we suggest that stable thermal Rossby waves could exist in the lower portion of the Sun’s convection zone, despite that region’s unstable stratification. For long wavelengths, the Sun’s rotation rate is sufficiently rapid to stabilize convective motions, and the resulting overstable convective modes are identical to thermal Rossby waves.
First record of the symbiotic palaemonid shrimp Pontonides sibogae Bruce, 2005 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from Korea
Authors: Park Jin-Ho , De Grave Sammy , Park Taeseo 
Published: June 2022

A single specimen of Pontonides sibogae was collected from a dendrophylliid coral by trimix SCUBA diving at a depth of 75 m during fieldwork around Jejudo Island, Korea in 2020. The morphology of the specimen corresponds closely to the main diagnostic characters of the holotype, especially in the presence of a distinct tubercle on the eyestalk, as well as the second pereiopod with fusiform setae along the dorsal border of the ischium.
The genus Pontonides had previously not been reported from Korean waters. Herein, colour photographs are provided, as well as an illustrated description including previously unreported characteristics.
Droits culturels
Authors: Meyer-Bisch Patrice 
Published: June 2022

En grande partie parce qu’ils abordent la notion de « communauté culturelle » plutôt que la notion républicaine de citoyenneté, les droits culturels feraient pour certains observateurs le lit du communautarisme. Coauteur de la Déclaration de Fribourg, Patrice Meyer-Bisch démontre le contraire. D’abord d’un point de vue juridique et politique car, rappelle-t-il, les droits culturels sont des droits individuels enchâssés dans les autres droits humains et libertés qui priment sur les droits collectifs. Ensuite sur le plan de l’anthropologie et de la philosophie politique : ils excluent toute lecture essentialiste des cultures en critiquant aussi bien les individualismes libertaires que les communautarismes et nationalismes liberticides.
Cuisine (sociologique) et dépendances
Authors: Deslyper Rémi , Eloy Florence , Picaud Myrtille 
Published: June 2022

La baisse des moyens pérennes dédiés à la recherche en sciences sociales favorise l’accroissement du poids des commanditaires dans ce champ. Comment ces commandes influent-elles sur les conditions de réalisation de l’enquête, l’analyse et la restitution des résultats ? À partir d’enquêtes sur un projet de démocratisation musicale, nous objectivons d’abord les déséquilibres des relations avec les représentants de l’institution commanditrice, pour montrer, dans un second temps, comment nous sommes malgré tout parvenu·es à nous dégager des marges de manœuvre en nous appuyant sur les tensions internes au dispositif.