bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of anxiety symptoms among caregivers of children that take therapy in the national center for children rehabilitation and treatment during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dobi F. , Zenelaj B. , Kabili E. , Shtylla A. , Malaj D. , Demaj A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCompared to the parents of kids with “typical” development the stress level and exhaustion in these parents is higher and more frequent. Furthermore COVID-19 pandemic can increase stress levels especially among people that suffer from mental health disorders. Studies show that these difficult, challenging times have had a negative impact on most families, which have a child with neurodevelopmental disorders.ObjectivesEvaluation of different aspects of emotional dimension among caregivers of children that take therapy in the National Center for Children Rehabilitation and Treatment (NCCRT) during COVID-19 pandemicMethods
The study was conducted during a two-month period March-April 2020. The sample involved 110 relatives of children that were taking educative and rehabilitation therapy in NCCRT during last year, ambulatory or inpatients. Data were collected by clinical records and phone interviews. Instrument we used were: Demographic inventory and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety symptom evaluation. All data were statistically analyzed through excel.Results
Most of individual interviewed, whom are responsible for children wellbeing and pass most of the time with them were their parents, 69% of them. 56% of individuals were among 31-45 years old and 92% of them were women. Physical distancing seemed to risen anxiety levels in caregivers whom hadn’t have these problems before.ConclusionsIt is necessary the dynamic support with special attention for caregivers whom have emotional distress. Yet has to be evaluated the connection, if it’s present, between parents with emotional distress and children progress, for ones that are being supported with development therapy.
Evaluation of sleeping problems among caregivers of children that take therapy in the national center for children rehabilitation and treatment during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dobi F. , Zenelaj B. , Kabili E. , Ruci E. , Dokle E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCompared to the parents of kids with “typical” development the stress level and exhaustion in these parents is higher and more frequent. Furthermore COVID-19 pandemic can increase stress levels especially among people that suffer from mental health disorders. Studies show that these difficult, challenging times have had a negative impact on most families, which have a child with neurodevelopmental disorders.Objectives
Evaluation of sleeping problems among caregivers of children that take therapy in the National Center for Children Rehabilitation and Treatment (NCCRT) during COVID-19 pandemicMethodsThe study was conducted during a two-month period March-April 2020. The sample involved 110 individuals, relatives, of children that were taking educative and rehabilitation therapy in NCCRT during last year, ambulatory or inpatients. Data were collected by clinical records and phone interviews with children’s caregiver. Instrument we used were: Demographic inventory and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety symptom evaluation. All data were statistically analyzed through excel.ResultsMost of individual interviewed were parents, 69% of them. 56% of individuals were among 31-45 years old. 28,2% of individuals developed sleeping difficulties and they weren’t able to sleep within 30 minutes after going to bed. 12,7% of them reported to have had difficulties staying awake during driving, eating or other daily activities.ConclusionsIt is necessary the dynamic support with special attention for caregivers whom have sleeping problems. Yet has to be evaluated the connection, if it’s present, between parents with sleeping problems and children progress, for ones that are being supported with development therapy
Dysfunctional anxiety in pandemic: Relationship to infodemic and behavior
Authors: Kumchenko S. , Rasskazova E. , Tkhostov A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAnxiety are among the most common (Huang, Zhao, 2020, Rajkumar, 2020, Roy et al., 2020) and stable (Wang et al., 2020) mental complaints in a pandemic situation. Based on cognitive approach (Beck, Emery, Greenberg, 2005) one should differentiate unrealistic (dysfunctional) anxiety as well as different types of anxiety (Roy et al., 2020).ObjectivesThe aim was to reveal relationship of different types of anxiety with the search for information about coronavirus and protective behavior.MethodsIn April 2020 (2-3 weeks of self-isolation regimen) 409 respondents not infected by coronavirus (186 men, 223 women) aged 18 to 64 years appraised their anxiety of infection and pandemic consequences (Cronbach’s alphas .77-.82), the degree to which anxiety disturbs their usual activities, the frequency of tracking information about the coronavirus (.75) and various protective actions against the coronavirus (.76).Results17.1% reported that anxiety disturbed their activities. Anxiety of pandemic negative consequences was more prominent than anxiety of infection and was unrelated to age and gender. Anxiety of infection was higher in females (t=-5.48, p<.01, η=.26) and elder people (r=.20, p<.01). Both anxiety of infection and of pandemic consequences was equally related to information tracking and protective behavior (r=.25-.36, p<.01). Dysfunctional anxiety was unrelated to adherence to self-isolation (r=.08) but was related to information tracking (r=.21, p<.01).ConclusionsDysfunctional anxiety is unrelated to self-isolation and should be differentiated from realistic anxiety in studies of pandemic. Research is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-04-60072.
Anxiety and need for support of college students during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An exploratory study
Authors: Torres A. , Melo R. , Príncipe F. , Ferreira A. , Quesado A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDuring the pandemic state, college students are exposed to additional stressful factors, including but not limited to: fear of being infected; fear of infecting a significant person; deal with a new reality of economic uncertainty; challenges of distance education; new rules in face-to-face classes; restrictions on access to internships and higher demanding in internships.ObjectivesThis exploratory study aims to assess levels of anxiety and the perception of the need for support of students of a Portuguese Higher Education Institution (HEI).MethodsAn exploratory study was developed, on the return of students to the presential classes after the academic lockdown. It was spread out an email for all students with a link for an online form, which includes sociodemographic questions, a screening question of the anxiety level, and the need for support level (rating scales 0-10).ResultsIt was obtained 36 answers from mostly female students (92%) with 17 to 21 years old (67%). Answers present an average anxiety level of 5.4 (Min=1; Max=9; SD=2.23), with 58% of answers with a score of anxiety level of 5 or higher. The need for support average was 3.7 (Min=1; Max=9; SD=2.23), with 33% of answers with a score of 5 or higher.ConclusionsIt is necessary to continuously monitor the anxiety level and the need for support of college students during the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. It is similarly relevant to have responses of HEI to promote mental health and to answer to the high levels of students’ anxiety and needs for support during the pandemic.
The impact of COVID-19 on young people’s mental health in latvia
Authors: Konstantinovs N. , Lapa J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is an ongoing debate about the impact on mental health associated with Covid-19 pandemics. Some studies have shown an increase in depressive and anxious symptomatology in general population. It has been noted that young people might be among the highest risk populations due to various enviorenmental and developmental influences.ObjectivesTo estimate the impact of Covid-19 related restrictions on mental health measures among Latvian adolescents and young adults (14-24).MethodsWe conduct a survey on social media, recruiting 500 participants among the 14-24 age gropup. The survey consists of three parts: 1) sociodemographics; 2) quantitative mental health self-evaluation form; 3) open ended questionaire about the needs and expectations. For statistical analysis we use Excel software and use a regression analysis.Results483 participants participated in our survey. The average age was 17.2, 62% was female, 36% male, 2% identified as trans. 52.3% reported decline in their mental functioning and wellbeing in one or several mental health domains (depression, anxiety, addictive behaviours) out of which 13.4% reported significant impairment in a major life area. The support and needs defined by respondents can be divided in three clusters: socialising outside immediate family, psychosocial services, recreational needs.ConclusionsConfirming to findings in other EU countries, majority of adolescents and young people in Latvia have experienced clinically significant mental health decline during the Covid-19 pandemic. These results can help policy makers in establishing appropriate, needs oriented support in tackling this problem.
Elevated clozapine levels in patients with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Bonany J. Marti , Sánchez E. Pérez , Carre M. Pérez , Casamitjana M.I. Martínez , Olive J.R. Fortuny , Castellví C. Macias , Diez E. Carrió , Moliner F. Lana , González R. Sánchez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionClozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for treatment resistant schizophrenia. In patients treated with clozapine, COVID-19 infection may result in complications including an increased risk of pneumonia, clozapine toxicity, and disruption to clozapine treatment by COVID-19 induced lymphopenia.ObjectivesWe report 5 cases of elevated clozapine levels occurring in patients with COVID-19 infection who had been previously managed for several years on stable doses.MethodsSubjects: 48 admitted patients to a long-stay psychiatric unit. COVID-19 infection confirmed by positive nasopharyngeal swab for viral ribonucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2. Hematological controls between March and April 2020.Results16 patients (33%) treated with clozapine.18 patients (37’5%) had COVID-19 infection, of which 5 (10’4%) were treated with clozapine. Results are presented in table 1. Increases in plasma clozapine levels were observed in all cases (49’38 to 307.5%). We don’t have the clozapine levels of a patient who presented a pneumonia requiring admission and treatment in the general hospital. Two cases of neutropenia were observed, of which one had to discontinue treatment with clozapine. In the other three patients the dose of clozapine was reduced and they did not present haematological or intoxication complications that required further adjustments.ConclusionsCovid-19 infection is associated with increased serum clozapine levels by probably multifactorial mechanisms (systemic infection, reduced smoking). Importance of full clinical assessment of suspected COVID-19 infection in clozapine treated patients, including assessment clozapine level, and full blood count. The general recommendation is to reduce the dose of clozapine in this patients.
The anxiety of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic period in a brazilian regional university hospital
Authors: Floriano L. , Dal’Bosco E. , Plantes R. , Arcaro G. , Ribas M. , Krum E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNursing work requires technical, scientific competence, knowledge, skill and emotional control over practice, considering that care presents risk situations, physical and emotional stress, responsibilities with people’s lives, coping with fears and suffering. All this situation in which the professional is exposed can lead to the occurrence of psychological wear, high stress and anxiety, this is conceptualized as a vague and unpleasant feeling of fear, apprehension, with characteristics of tension or discomfort derived from anticipating danger, something unknown or strange.ObjectivesTo identify the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among nursing professionals who work coping with COVID-19 in a Brazilian regional university hospital.MethodsCross-sectional observational study, with sociodemographic questionnaire and anxiety measurement scale (HAD), with 88 nursing professionals. The data were analyzed using absolute and relative frequency, using the software StatisticalPackage for the Social Sciences.ResultsThere was a prevalence of anxiety (48.9%), with the majority of the sample consisting of women, over 40 years old, married or in a stable relationship, white, with higher education or postgraduate education, with income above R $ 3,000.00, tendered, with a work regime of 40 hours per week and time in the hospital from 1 to 5 years.ConclusionsThe impact should be considered on Nursing Mental Health caused by COVID-19 and intervene with coping strategies to minimize anxiety.
Anxiety and procrastination in distance learning
Authors: Boyarinov D. , Novikova Y. , Gubaidulina L. , Sultanova F. , Kachina A. , Barabanshchikova V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn the context of distance learning students have an increase in the level of stress, anxiety (Husky, Kovess-Masfety, Swendsen, 2020). There is also a problem with time management and, as a result, procrastination. The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project №20-04-60174.ObjectivesTo study the differences in the level of anxiety and procrastination depending on the type of learning.MethodsA total of 290 students took part in the study. In the first study (before distance), 168 people took part, the average age was 19.8. In the second study (during distance) – 120 students, the average age was 19.2. The questionnaires: General Procrastination Scale, C.Lay; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Ch.Spielberger.ResultsIn the course of descriptive statistics, it was revealed that the level of procrastination and state anxiety have a middle score. However, the level of trait anxiety in conditions of distance learning is high, especially among 1st-year students. In a comparative analysis of the two studies, it turned out that the level of state anxiety is significantly higher (t=1,975;p=0,049) in conditions of distance learning. The correlation analysis revealed the relationship between procrastination and trait anxiety (r=0,414;p=0,0001).ConclusionsThese results can be used to create programs to optimize the stress manifestation in students, especially when taking online exams. The high anxiety of 1st-year students may be associated with their accumulated stress factors, such as uncertainty about the future and etc. It should be noted that the level of procrastination does not differ, which may indicate procrastination as a personality trait.
Acceptability of prophylactic treatment against COVID-19 by paramedics
Authors: Kefi H. El , Kefi K. , Bouzouita I. , Baatout A. , Brahim C. Bencheikh , Krir W. , Oumaya A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe year 2020 was marked by the COVID-19 pandemic that killed more than one million people. Scientists around the world are looking for prophylactic treatment against this virus.ObjectivesThe objective of our study was to assess the acceptability of prophylactic treatment against COVID-19 by paramedics.MethodsDescriptive and cross-sectional study including paramedics (nurses, orderlies) from the military hospital of Tunis. Data collection was carried out by a clinical psychologist. We studied the acceptability of prophylactic treatment by paramedics, reasons for refusal and factors that may affect this choice.ResultsA total of 161 paramedics agreed to answer our questionnaire. The average age was 37.73 years. The average number of years worked was 14.95 years. There were 85 women (52.8%) and 76 men (47.2%). Only 59 (36.6%) agreed to take prophylactic treatment for COVID-19. The main reason for refusal was fear of side effects 57 (34.7%). Sufficient hindsight was the main factor that could make them change their decisions. This refusal was definitive for 55 (34.2%) paramedics.ConclusionsFear of drug side effects exceeds the fear of COVID.19. An information and communication strategy on the value of prophylactic treatments during a pandemic must be developed.
Anxiety and depression among tunisian health professionals facing COVID-19
Authors: Aribi L. , Jbir R. , Messedi N. , Bouattour O. , Elloumi Z. , Bouattour W. , Charfeddine F. , Aloulou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. This new health situation has created an anxiety-provoking climate, in particular among health professionalsObjectivesTo study the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression among health workersMethodsOur study was descriptive and analytical cross-sectional, carried out with healthcare on the period between May until June 2020. An anonymous online survey was sent to caregivers. The HADS questionnaire was used to screen for anxiety and depressionResults125 responses was collected The average age of the sample was 32 years. The participants were predominantly female (72.8%), married (48%), and had at least one child (39.2%). 21.6% of the participants worked in the resuscitation anesthesia service and urgent medical aid, 14.4% in the medical services at high risk of contamination, 1.6% in the COVID-19 unit Many changes in habits were reported by the participants: 28.7% had increased their consumption of coffee/tea, especially with anxious people (p = 0.001). This increase was also noted for tobacco (30.8%) and alcohol consumption (12.5%). According to the HADS scale, anxiety was retained in 44% and depression in 47.2%. Anxiety was significantly related to sex with (p = 0.039) and affects more women than men The consumers of coffee/tea developed more anxiety (p = 0.034) and depression (p = 0.026).ConclusionsThis tragic health crisis had a major impact on the mental health of our heroes This is why we should better understand their vulnerability to psychological suffering to provide them with the necessary support
Distress and burnout among psychiatrists during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bassetti N. , Parente S. , Topa P. , Brondino N. , Damiani S. , Politi P. , Olivola M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The WHO on March 11, 2020, has declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a global pandemic. Several studies found an association between the COVID-19 pandemic and psychiatric symptoms, such as distress, anxiety, fear of infection, depression and insomnia in the general population. Therefore, psychiatrists have been professionally overloaded, trying to manage the psychosocial impact of the pandemic and suffering its effects in person.ObjectivesTo evaluate the disease perceptions, distress and burnout among psychiatrists from the Department of Mental Health and Addictions of Pavia in three different times, which correspond to the three main phases of the pandemic management in Italy: T0 is the first peak of the infections and the lock-down, from March to June; T1 is the reduction of the infections and the reopening, from June to October; T2 is the second wave of infections with a new progressive closure, the current one.MethodsWe used three questionnaires: the BIPQ (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), the PSS-10 (Perceived Stress Scale-10), the PED (Profile of emotional distress). We also used a survey (6 items) in T0, T1 and T2 to evaluate exposure, perception, quality of life and burnout.Resultstable 1,2,3. BIPQ: no one was exposed.ConclusionsThe increase of individual, who seeking help for mental health, impact on the perception of stress and on the emotional distress, even though psychiatrists have an adequate perception of COVID-19.
Effect of electrode placement on speed of response to ECT
Authors: Mcloughlin D. , Fox C. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can be rapidly effective in treating severe depression. Right unilateral (RUL) or bitemporal (BT) electrode placement may affect the speed of ECT effectiveness although our current understanding of demographic and clinical factors for predicting predict speed of response and remission with ECT is limited. We investigated differences in improvement speed and also time to achieving response and remission criteria between brief-pulse moderate-dose (1.5 x seizure threshold) BT ECT and high-dose (6 x seizure threshold) RUL ECT. Additionally, we explored the influence of demographic and clinical characteristics.MethodsSe analysed weekly 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores obtained from severely depressed patients participating in the EFFECT-Dep trial (ISRCTN23577151). Improvement speeds in patients treated randomly with a course of either BT (n = 69) or RUL ECT (n = 69) were compared using independent sample t-tests. Weekly proportions of responders and remitters were compared using chi-square tests. Cox regression analyses were used to explore predictors of speed to achieve response and remission status.ResultsSe found no differences between RUL and BT ECT in speed of improvement or time to achieve response or remission. Exploratory analyses indicated that a wide variety of demographic and clinical features did not serve to predict speed of response and remission to ECT.ConclusionElectrode placement did not substantially influence speed of improvement, response and remission with twice-weekly brief-pulse ECT. Minimising the cognitive side-effects of ECT may be of more relevance when choosing between BT and RUL electrode placement for ECT.DisclosureDeclan M. McLoughlin has received speaker’s honoraria from Mecta and Otsuka and an honorarium from Janssen for participating in an esketamine advisory board meeting. The other author reports no conflicts of interest. This work was supported by awards from
Prevalence of dysfunctional breathing associated with anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Authors: Koniukhovskaia J. , Mitina O. , Stepanova O. , Dorokhov E. , Pervichko E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has become a situation of increased concern due to health threats and increased uncertainty. The risk of infection with the respiratory system coronavirus attracts increased attention to respiratory sensations. These two aspects can be beneficial grounds for the dysfunctional breathing-changes emergence in the breathing pattern that does not correspond to physiological needs.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of dysfunctional breathing associated with anxiety during the COVID – 19 pandemic in Russia.MethodsThe author’s socio-demographic questionnaire, the Naimigen Questionnaire, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. The survey was conducted online in May 2020. There were 582 participants (496 women&86 men) between the ages of 18 and 64.ResultsThe severity of dysfunctional breathing significantly correlated with the height of personal anxiety (r=0.488,p=0.000). Women are more likely than men to have dysfunctional breathing (18.1±9.6vs11.6 ±7.9;p=0.000) and have more expressed personal anxiety(26±10.5vs19.8 ±9.7; p=0.000). The age of respondents has an inverse correlation with personal anxiety (r=-0.147,p= 0.000), but not with dysfunctional breathing. Respondents who consider coronavirus to be a very dangerous trend to have dysfunctional breathing more than those who believe that the danger of coronavirus is exaggerated(18.1±10vs15.9 ±8.9;p=0.052).ConclusionsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the risk of dysfunctional breathing increases in a wide range of the population, especially among women. Since one of the dysfunctional breathing symptoms is a feeling of “difficulty inhaling”, anxious people may interpret this as shortness of breath in COVID-19, which may motivate them to seek medical help, thereby artificially increasing the burden on the health system during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.