bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Descriptive Analysis of Cancer Screening Health Literacy Among Black Women Living with HIV in Baltimore, Maryland
Authors: Sun Chun-An , Chepkorir Joyline , Jennifer Waligora Mendez Kyra , Cudjoe Joycelyn , Han Hae-Ra 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Black women living with HIV (WLH) have the highest HIV infection rate, cervical cancer mortality, and the lowest cancer screening use compared to other groups. However, there is a gap in knowledge about cancer screening health literacy in the Black WLH population.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to assess the level of cancer screening health literacy, and to identify factors associated with health literacy among Black WLH.

Methods:

This study used baseline data from a community-based randomized controlled trial for a health literacy intervention called CHECC-uP (community-based health literacy intervention for cancer control). We recruited a convenience sample of Black WLH (
N
= 123) who understand English and had no Pap testing in the prior 12 months. The outcome was cancer screening health literacy measured with a validated health literacy tool—Assessment of Health Literacy in Cancer Screening. Predictors included age, marital status, education, income, and insurance type. The association between cancer screening health literacy and predictors was assessed with multivariate logistic regression.

Key Results:
Almost one-half (49.6%) of study participants had a reading level at or below sixth grade. Older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.05) and higher educational levels (aOR 5.13) were significantly associated with higher cancer screening health literacy among our sample of Black WLH in bivariate and multivariate analyses.

Conclusions:

Educational materials and other approaches to empower patients should be tested with patients who have low health literacy to ensure efficacy. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2022;6(3):e175–e181.

]

Plain Language Summary:
Using a cancer screening health literacy tool, we found that about one-half of the Black WLH in the study had a reading level at or below sixth grade. Age and education level were related to their reading levels among the women. Researcher and clinicians need to test educational materials and other approaches with patients who have low health literacy to make sure they work.
Leave No One Behind: Senior Citizen's Perceptions on Public Library Services in the Colombo Municipal Council Area, Sri Lanka
Authors: Alikhan Sakeena , Gangabadaarachchi Varuni 
Published: July 2022

The slogan of 2030 Sustainable Development Goal is "Leave no one behind." Older adults, as a vulnerable population, require equal rights in order to achieve balanced sustainable development. However, compared to children and teens, this rising segment has been consistently overlooked in service provision. They deserve to have their later years spent wisely and effectively. A public library is one of the places where they can make good use of their free time. This study explores the services available to older persons through public libraries, as well as their perceptions of those services. This study focused on three public libraries (Colombo public library, Kotahena public library, and Susharitha public library) in Colombo Municipal Council and its older adult patrons. For this study, an exploratory research design was used. The American Library Association's "Guidelines for Library Services with 60+ Audience: Best Practices" were used to examine the four core service areas of collection, programs, facilities, and staff. Senior users believe that the collection and staff services suit their needs adequately, with few downsides when compared to the other two services - programs and facilities. According to the study, regular surveys on seniors, collaboration, awareness programs, voluntarism, and designated staff are suggested as ways to improve library services for senior adults.
Comparison of Subarachnoid Block Characteristics with Levobupivacaine at 24<sup>0</sup>C and 37<sup>0</sup>C for Infra-Umbilical Surgeries - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nag Kusha , Charles Antony John , S. Balachandar , Basha Anwar S. 
Published: July 2022

Background & Aim: The temperature of a local anaesthetic solution influences its pKa and molecular kinetic activity, thereby affecting baricity. We evaluated the effects of 0.5% Levobupivacaine preheated at 37ºC on sensory and motor block characteristics and haemodynamic in patients undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries.
Methods: This was a prospective, randomised, double blinded study, in which 70 patients were allocated into two groups [Group A (n=35) and Group B (n=35)]. In Group A, patients were administered 3 mL of levobupivacaine 0.5% solution at room temperature (24 -28ºC) and patients in Group B were administered with 3 mL of levobupivacaine 0.5% solution at 37°C (Thermostatically controlled digitalized hot bath machine) into the subarachnoid space. Our primary objective was to determine the time of onset of sensory blockade at T10. Time of onset and duration of motor blockade, duration of analgesia, time to two segment regression and other adverse events after spinal anaesthesia were secondary objectives.
Results: The time to reach a sensory block of T10 was significantly shorter in group B (Mean ±SD 2.7±2.9 min, P 0.005) compared to that in group A (Mean ±SD 4.8±4.5 min). The mean duration of sensory block was longer in group B (Mean ±SD 155.5±25.9 min, P 0.048). Time to onset of motor block, duration of motor block and time to regression of two dermatomal level were not found statistically significant among the two groups.
Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia with 0.5% levobupivacaine heated to 37ºC shortens sensory block onset time and provides longer block duration.
The temporal distribution of cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Acari: Tarsonemidae), in strawberry and comparison of sampling methods
Authors: Renkema Justin M. , Pate Erica , Olivier Chrystel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae), is a pest of strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne (Rosaceae), that injures new growth, resulting in damage to leaves and fruit. The primary source of cyclamen mite in strawberry is infested planting material, and damaged plants tend to occur in small, isolated patches in perennial production systems. In the present study, we determined through repeated sampling of strawberry plants in Ontario and Saskatchewan, Canada whether relative cyclamen mite population levels were stable in commercial fields and whether overwintering and field renovation (mowing) affected populations. In Ontario, cyclamen mite counts were significantly correlated for 66% (10 of 15) of the paired comparisons from six sampling dates in more than one year, indicating a relatively stable distribution of cyclamen mite patches in strawberry fields. Winter caused high mortality (100 times fewer mites in spring than fall) and mowing caused some mortality (10 times fewer mites post- than pre-mow). We found that more cyclamen mite motiles were extracted from plant material stored in ethanol and triple-washed than were extracted using Berlese funnels, although counts from leaves were correlated between methods. No cyclamen mites were found in Saskatchewan. Knowing that cyclamen mite patches are local and spread is negligible will facilitate targeted applications of controls.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria – Spectrum of organisms and antibiotic resistance pattern in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Meghana B. S. , Ravi K. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health challenge worldwide. It is a risk factor for the development of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infection. Although the current guidelines do not recommend treatment of ASB among women with type 2 diabetes, it emphasizes the need for therapeutic trials based on culture sensitivity patterns. This study was aimed to determine the spectrum of organisms causing ASB and antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Therefore, we believe that this study would serve as road map to conduct therapeutic trials in subjects with ASB based on antibiotic sensitivity patterns.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study was conducted including both outpatients and inpatients on 250 Women with T2DM with no symptoms of UTI, were investigated with FBS, PPBS, HbA1C, Urine routine-microscopy and Urine culture- sensitivity. The presence of ASB among women with T2DM was studied, and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was analyzed. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The frequency of ASB in our study was found to be 39 out of 250 diabetic women, that is, 15.6%. The mean HbA1c was higher among diabetic women with ASB (9.63%) than without ASB (8.42%). Escherichia coli (58.97%) was the most common organism. Antibiotic sensitivity showed that most organisms were sensitive to amikacin (64.1%), followed by nitrofurantoin (59.0%). Most organisms were resistant to fluoroquinolone (79.5%).

Conclusions:

E. coli was the most common organism causing ASB in our study. Antibiotic sensitivity showed that most organisms were resistant to fluoroquinolones and were sensitive to amikacin. Further large-scale studies are required to study the effect of antibiotic sensitivity-directed therapeutic trials to conclude the efficacy of therapy in patients of ASB.
A Retrospective Study on Seroprevalence and Clinical Spectrum of Syphilis from a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: Reddy Ananya B. , Pinto Malcolm , Hegde Spandana Prakash , Iqbal Amina Asfiya M. , Bejai Vishal , Shenoy Manjunath M 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and a great imitator with a varied range of clinical manifestations. Incidence of syphilis has been on the rise in the last decade. In this study, we have analyzed the seroprevalence and clinical staging of syphilis cases reported in our healthcare facility.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of syphilis by reviewing data from hospital sources from January 2017 to December 2019. Out of 8827 screened patients, the clinical data from patients who were serologically positive for both rapid plasma reagin and Treponema pallidum hemagglutination tests were retrieved and statistically analyzed.

Results:
Of the 8827 samples screened, 35 were diagnosed as cases of syphilis. Among 35 cases, primary syphilis was diagnosed in 8, secondary syphilis in 10, and latent syphilis in 17 cases. There were 4 (11.4%) females and 31 (88.6%) males. Twenty-one (60%) were married. Of 31 males, 23 (74.2%) were men who have sex with men (MSM). Among the 35 patients, 33 (94.3%) had unprotected and 2 (5.7%) had protected sexual activity. Out of them, 3 patients were human immunodeficiency virus positive, which included 2 with secondary and 1 with latent syphilis.

Conclusion:
Identification and health education of MSM, especially with respect to using barrier methods of contraception, are necessary in the prevention of transmission of STDs. With epidemiological trends showing syphilis re-emerging as a major sexually transmitted infection, there is a need to conduct multicenter prospective studies with larger sample size for better understanding and effective assessment of control measures.
Status of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness of Pregnant Women and Recently Delivered Women in Rural Varanasi
Authors: Pandey Pallavi , Srivastava Ratan K. , Kumari Kalpana , Pandey Malvika 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness is practise of planning for events related to child birth and making necessary arrangements, so that timely and adequate medical care can be provided to the mother.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness of pregnant and recently delivered women in rural areas of Varanasi.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 633 pregnant and recently delivered women were interviewed using 11 components related to antenatal care and preparations done for child birth.

Results:
Out of all the respondents, less than half (46.4%) among Pregnant women and nearly the same proportion (45.1%) among recently delivered women were found “Well Prepared.”

Conclusion:
The study revealed that there is a need to create awareness among the people about the importance of proper planning and making arrangements in advance to avert the danger to the life of mother and child.
Improving Adolescent Knowledge and Attitude toward the Intergenerational Cycle of Undernutrition through Audiovisual Education
Authors: Siswati Tri , Olfah Yustiana , Kasjono Heru Subaris , Paramashanti Bunga Astria 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Adolescent health and nutrition contribute to the intergenerational cycle of undernutrition.

Objectives:
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of audiovisual education on adolescent knowledge and attitude toward the intergenerational cycle of undernutrition.

Material and Methods:
A clustered quasi-experimental study with a pre-and posttest design in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Participants were female adolescent students enrolled in Grade 7 at two junior high schools in Sentolo (n = 120) and Kalibawang (n = 96) subdistricts. We provided six topics related to adolescent health and nutrition throughout six online meetings for the intervention and control groups. In addition, the intervention group received audiovisual education through recorded videos, whereas the control group received education through e-leaflets following the online meetings. We assessed adolescent knowledge and attitude during pre-and posttest evaluations using Google Forms. Paired t-test was performed to analyze the data.

Results:
Both audiovisual and e-leaflet educations increased adolescent knowledge and attitude. Adolescents who received audiovisual education had significantly higher knowledge (P = 0.046) and attitude (P = 0.034) scores than adolescents who received education through e-leaflets.

Conclusions:
The audiovisual education intervention improved adolescent knowledge and attitude toward the intergenerational cycle of undernutrition than using e-leaflets.
Occupational Noise Induced Hearing Loss in India
Authors: Basu Saurav , Aggarwal Abhinav , Dushyant Kumar , Garg Suneela 
Published: July 2022

Background:
India has over 50 million workers employed in industries with exposure to very high sound levels, predisposing them to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by using the following criteria: (1) Observational or experimental studies conducted in India; (2) English language studies; (3) Published during January 2010–December 2019; (4) Primary outcome: proportion of participants detected with NIHL. We reviewed bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and DOAJ) and Google Scholar, and extracted the relevant data.

Results:
A total of 160 documents were identified after removing duplicates, and 33 full texts were screened, of which 22 studies were included. The mean (SD) effective sample size of the studies was 107.1 (78.9). The pooled proportion of participants with NIHL irrespective of the category was 0.49 (95%CI: 0.22–0.76) and that of hearing loss was 0.53 (95%CI: 0.28– 0.78). Most studies reported that none of the workers, especially in the informal sectors, used auditory protection.

Conclusions:
NIHL is a major neglected public health occupational health challenge in India linked with adverse social determinants of health. Sustained advocacy for implementation of legislative and behavior change communication for protecting the hearing of workers is warranted.
A Study on Epidemiology of Unintentional Childhood Injury at One of the Districts of Gujarat State
Authors: Dave Viral R. , Rana Bhavik M. , Shah Venu R. , Sonaliya Kantibhai N. 
Published: July 2022

Context:
Childhood injuries are a less explored area of public health. In the presence of public health problems such as communicable and noncommunicable diseases, childhood injury has gained less attention from the health system.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of various types of unintentional injuries (UI) amongst children and to assess the factors associated with same.

Settings and Design:
The study was conducted at Ahmedabad District of Gujarat State, and this is a cross-sectional sStudy.

Subjects and Methods:
The current study was a part of a multicentric national level research supported by Indian Council of Medical Research. Total 11 sites were selected across India, which all followed a uniform methodology. One of the selected sites was Dholka taluka of Ahmedabad district, Gujarat. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2341 households. The study participants were children aged from 6 months up to 18 years. A total of 3018 children and their caretakers were interviewed using software-based questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was performed by frequencies and Percentage, Chi-square Test, Z-Test.

Results:
The overall prevalence of injuries was 7.62%. Gender and area of residence were significantly associated with UI. Fall-related injuries had the highest prevalence (3.38%), followed by road traffic injuries (RTI) (1.62%). The prevalence of burn-related injuries and poisoning was higher among females compared to males. No mortality was observed due to UI.

Conclusions:
Majority of the injuries were of minor or trivial type. Fall-related injury and RTI were the most common types of UIs among children.
Assessing the Efficacy of a Tobacco Prevention and Control Intervention in a Rural Area of India
Authors: Chatterjee Nilesh , Kadam Rajashree , Patil Deepak , Chavan Ajay , Vernekar Durga Ashok 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Tobacco use, disproportionately higher in rural areas, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Interventions to reduce tobacco use in rural areas are scarce.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a community-directed tobacco prevention intervention in reducing tobacco use in rural areas.

Materials and Methods:
A single-group pre-/postquasi-experimental study was conducted in Lakhmapur village, Maharashtra. Data were collected from one adult each in 296 and 307 randomly selected village households before and at the end of intervention, respectively.

Results:
Between pretest and posttest, reported tobacco use reduced from 56.4% to 23.5%; average daily expenditure on tobacco from INR 16.07 to INR 9.47, respectively. A logistic model, controlling for sociodemographic variables, showed that the postintervention group had a significantly lower likelihood of using tobacco; however, males and lower education subgroups were more likely to use.

Conclusions:
Multipronged community-based interventions involving schools, students, teachers, frontline workers, elected leaders, and community influencers hold promise in reducing tobacco use in rural India.
Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Levels among Health-Care Personnel Vaccinated against Hepatitis B in a Teaching Hospital in South India
Authors: Thomas Bina , Mohandas Anu , Jayadev V. K. , Bindu V. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health priority, and health-care personnel (HCP) have 10 times higher prevalence than the general population. Seromonitoring identifies those with low titers and vaccine nonresponders with increased risk.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) titers and associated factors among HCP vaccinated against hepatitis B in a teaching hospital in Kerala.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done among 454 vaccinated HCP, and anti-HBs antibody titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.

Results:
Participants included 162 (35.7%) doctors, 132 (29.3%) nursing and laboratory personnel, and 160 (35.3%) supporting staff. The mean age was 38.06 ± 11.33 years, and 72% were female. Majority (92.5%, 420) were seroprotected and 78.9% (358) with high (>100 mIU) titers. Moderate (10–100 mIU) and low (<10 mIU) level seroprotection was seen in 13.7% (62) and 7.5% (34), respectively. Incomplete vaccination, >10 years since vaccination, and age >40 years were independent predictors for poor seroprotection, while increasing doses and boosters were positively associated.

Conclusions:
Majority of vaccinated HCP were seroprotected. Incomplete schedules, older age, and prolonged time since vaccination can lead to decline in titers, and periodical seromonitoring should guide hepatitis B revaccination strategies.
Performance Appraisal of Nutritional Rehabilitation Centers in Central India
Authors: Katole Ashwini , Naik Gitismita , Kujur Anubhuti , Kumar Mohan 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Nutritional rehabilitation centers (NRCs) were established with the objective of providing institutional care to malnourished children and building the capacity of the primary caregivers of these children.

Objectives and Methodology:
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of nutritional interventional measures undertaken at NRCs in improving the nutritional status of admitted children; a retrospective facility-based descriptive study was conducted using the monthly performance reports (March 2015 to November 2019) of all NRCs in Dhamtari district, Chhattisgarh.

Results:
Of the 3171 children registered in the NRCs, the majority were 1–3 years of age (59.22%), female children (55.50%), and from Other Backward Class caste category (56.79%). The district records a cure rate of 56.12%, death rate of 0.03%, and defaulter rate of 4.71%, with an average length of stay being 16.5 days. NRCs of Dhamtari district had less than acceptable level of recovery/cure rate though death rate and defaulter rate were within acceptable standards.

Conclusion:
Lower cure rate along with lower defaulter rate and death rate with more than recommended length of stay reflects the below-average performance of the NRCs in the district.
Quality of Referral, Admission Status, and Outcome of Neonates Referred to Pediatric Emergency of a Tertiary Care Institution in North India
Authors: Mishra Neeraj , Saini Shiv Sajan , Jayashree Muralidharan , Kumar Praveen 
Published: July 2022

Background:
This study was planned to study the existing status of neonatal transport in North India after the introduction of National Ambulance Service (NAS). We evaluated the quality of referral, admission status, and outcome of referred neonates.

Materials and Methods:
We enrolled neonates admitted between March 2016 and October 2016, excluding neonates referred from the outpatient department. Information was collected from referral slips, interviewing accompanying persons and observation.

Results:
Sixty-one percent were referred from government hospitals with “sick newborn care units” contributing to maximum. The main mode of transport was ambulance in 80% and referral notes were available in the majority but incomplete in majority. Sepsis (39%), jaundice (16%), and birth asphyxia (13%) were the most common diagnoses. Half of the neonates were hemodynamically unstable. Twenty-seven percent had poor circulation, 15% were hypoxic, 9% hypoglycemic, and 8% hypothermic. Twenty-two percent either died or “left against medical advice” with a high probability of death.

Conclusion:
NAS is utilized for transporting neonates. However, there are quality gaps which need attention to develop it into efficient referral system.