bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of reservoir operation and urbanization on flood inundation in the Vu Gia Thu Bon Basin, Vietnam
Authors: To Thuy Nga , Vu Huy Cong , Le Hung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study examines the effects of upstream reservoir operation and urbanization on flood inundation in the Vu Gia Thu Bon river basin. The alternative reservoir operation strategies corresponding to the flood storage capacity (Vpl) of 10, 20, and 30% of the active storage capacity (Vhi) are evaluated and compared with the prevailing inter-reservoir operation procedure in terms of inundation effects. The results reveal that increasing the Vpl from 10% to 30% of the Vhi reduces the flooded area by 11.8% and lowers the water level at downstream stations from 6% to 30%. The government's procedure is considered safe to supply water, but the inundation duration is longer, resulting in more damage than the scenario of Vpl=20%Vhi. Regarding urbanization, the expansion of newly urbanized areas has resulted in increased flooding in their surrounding areas, with an increase in flood depth of more than 3 m. Moreover, the new roads have reduced the capacity of flood drainage and caused severe flooding. The water level difference between the two sides of the road can be as high as 2 m. This research will assist managers in developing and implementing appropriate downstream flood control measures.
Thuja occidentalis: An Unexplored Phytomedicine with Therapeutic
Applications
Authors: Srivastava Sameer , Srivastava Ankit , Jit Bimal Prasad , Dash Rutumbara , Srivastava Rishi 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has received global attention. Due to
a lack of recommended treatment regimens, the world faced various limitations resulting in improper
management of the disease. Phytomedicines have played a prominent role in the prevention
of various epidemics and pandemics in the past.

Objective:
Here, we attempt to focus on safe and feasible use of Thuja occidentalis to manage and
alleviate the panic of viral respiratory infections, including COVID-19, by strengthening an individual’s
immunity. The relevant information was collected from the web-based databases PubMed,
Google Scholar, and MEDLINE, as well as other internet sources to review the applicability of T.
occidentalis as a phytomedicine in managing respiratory infections and strengthening immunity.

Conclusion:
As important phytomedicine, and antipsychotic, T. occidentalis possesses a plethora
of immunological properties that can be used effectively in the management of viral respiratory infections
and has the potential to prevent further progression of the disease. Importantly, this could
be only a part of the approach for treatment during the current outbreak that should be considered
along with other measures.
An Insight into the Role of E2F1 in Breast Cancer Progression, Drug Resistance, and Metastasis
Authors: Shah Zafar Abbas , Nouroz Faisal , Ejaz Samina , Tayyeb Asima 
Published: March 2022

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the role of E2F1 in breast cancer
biology.

Background:
Expression of E2F1, a transcription factor of many oncogenes and tumor
suppressor genes, is lowered in several malignancies, including breast carcinoma.

Objectives:
In the present study, we analyzed the status of E2F1 expression in
association with diverse attributes of breast malignancy and its impact on cancer
progression.

Methods:
For this purpose, we used various freely available online applications for gene
enrichment, expression, and methylation analysis to extract mutation-based E2F1 map,
to measure E2F1 drug sensitivity, and to determine E2F1 association with DNA damage
response proteins.

Results:
Results revealed tissue-specific regulatory behavior of E2F1. Moreover, the
key role of E2F1 in the promotion of metastasis, stem cell-mediated carcinogenesis,
estrogen-mediated cell proliferation, and cellular defense system, has therefore
highlighted it as a metaplastic marker and hot member of key resistome pathways.

Conclusion:
The information thus generated can be employed for future implications in
devising rational therapeutic strategies. Moreover, this study has provided a more
detailed insight into the diagnostic and prognostic potential of E2F1.
Walking the Risk-Benefit Tight Rope: A Case of Post Fine Needle Aspiration
Haemorrhage in Extramedullary Plasmacytoma
Authors: Chandrashekhara SH , Bhalla Deeksha , Razik Abdul , Sharma Atul , Giri Rupak Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMP) are rare; however, secondary
forms may be seen in ~10-15% of patients with systemic multiple myeloma (MM). The diagnosis of
EMP is based on the demonstration of monoclonal plasma cells in the lesion, which requires tissue
sampling.

Case Presentation:
We present a case of a 38 year old female with MM who underwent diagnostic US
at our institute. Multiple focal liver lesions were detected, which were suspicious for EMP. She underwent
fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for diagnosis, following which she developed hemoperitoneum
secondary to deranged clotting parameters (prothrombin time and platelet count). CT angiography
revealed active hepatic capsular bleed. She was taken up for percutaneous embolisation, and
the supplying vessel successfully embolised using gel foam particles.

Conclusion:
Complications may rarely occur in interventional procedures, particularly in patients with
comorbidities. However, prompt diagnosis and management help prevent adverse outcomes.
Efficacy of BAINS Circuit in Treating Critically Ill Hypoxemic COVID-19
Patients During the Second Wave of the Pandemic in India
Authors: Patil Vidya A. , R. Saikrishna Prasad , L.K. Shivanand , Holyachi Renuka , Das Kusal K. , T.K. Vijaykumar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged doctors to look for novel ways of treating patients with respiratory failure, due to the limited availability of ventilators and high flow nasal cannula. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of using Bains circuit as an alternative to HFNC and NIV as a life saving tool, in patients with respiratory failure, during COVID-19 pandemic second wave in India.

Methods:
This is a prospective interventional study carried out in the intensive care unit of Shri B.M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur, India, from May 2021 to June 2021. All patients (n=90) in respiratory failure, not responding to therapy by oxygen mask, were included in the study. Patients were started on Bain circuits, one end connected to a non-invasive ventilation mask fitting to the face of the patients and the other end connected to a central oxygen port. Patient vital parameters were assessed on an hourly basis. The blood gas analyses were done before and after using Bains.

Results:
The study showed diabetes (33.4%), hypertension (22.2%), and diabetes with hypertension(11.1%) as comorbid factors among the ICU admitted patients. The results from the arterial blood gas analyses showed a statistically significant increase in SP02 (%) and a decrease in respiratory rate (cycles/min) in the patients after being kept on Bains (p<0.05). Further, it showed that 72 % of ICU patients with 70-79% Sp02 had recovery by using Bains. The overall outcome of ICU admitted COVID-19 patients on Bains showed that 38.9% patients improved and were shifted to 02/NRBM mask.

Conclusion:
The study highlights a novel concept of using Bains circuit as an effective alternative to HFNC and NIV for oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients during scarcity of NIV and HFNC at the peak of pandemic.
Polymerase Chain Reaction Study of Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: Mahmoud Noha Mostafa , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Eid Abdel-Rahman , Ahmed Mai Esam , Mohamed Eman Hamdy , Fahmy Ehab Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

Aim:
The present study aimed to detect Human bocavirus (HBoV) in stool samples from young children below 5 years complaining of acute gastroenteritis (GE) in addition to detection of rotavirus, norovirus, and astrovirus.

Methods:
The study included 90 children below 5 years with acute GE with excluded bacterial pathogens. The determination of the presence of HBoV was performed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) beside determination of astrovirus and norovirus by multiplex PCR and rotavirus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:
The most prevalent virus among the studied viruses was rotavirus (33.3%) detected by ELISA for antigen in the stool. The other three viruses detected by molecular methods were bocavirus (14.4%), astrovirus (13.3%), and norovirus (10%). Mixed viral infection with two or more viruses was detected in 16 children (17.8%). The most common was bocavirus and rotavirus in 6 patients (37.5%). In the study of demographic and clinical presentations of the children with HBoV, the affected children were mainly females, i.e., 10 (76.9%), from rural residence i.e., 11 (84.6%) with the mild classification of GE in 7 children (53.8%) and moderate GE in 6 children (46.2%) and none of them had severe GE. Fever was the most common presenting sign in those children (53.8%) followed by vomiting (46.2%).

Conclusion:
The study highlights the existence of HBoV in children with acute GE under the age of five. The infection associated with this virus was either mild or moderate in severity. The combined viral infection was common especially associated with rotavirus. There is a need for further additional study to identify the type of the circulated strain of bocavirus and the confections with other pathogens.
Ethoxidol as a Broad-spectrum Adaptogen
Authors: Irina Zhigacheva V. , Natalya Krikunova I. , Vladimir Binyukov I. , Elena Mil , Irina Rusina , Alexander Goloshchapov 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Stress factors lead to a shift in the antioxidant-prooxidant relationship, allowing an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria, which results in the development of oxidative stress. Consequently, it is possible to put forward an as-sumption that drugs which reduce the excessive generation of ROS by these organelles should in-crease the body's resistance to stress factors. Antioxidants can be used as such drugs. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study the bioenergetics characteristic of mitochondria under stress con-ditions and under the action of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridinium hydroxybutanedioate (eth-oxidol).

Methods:
The antiradical activity of the drug was evaluated by the chemiluminescent method (CL). The functional state of the mitochondria was studied with reference to the level of lipid peroxida-tion by the spectrofluorimetry and in terms of fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes using the chromatography technique. The study of mitochondrial morphology was performed em-ploying the method of atomic force microscopy.

Results:
The injection in mice of ethoxidol at a dose of 10-5 mol/kg for 7 days led to the prevention of the stress-induced increase in the intensity of LPO in the membranes of the mitochondria, and swelling of these organelles; it also prevented a decrease in the content of unsaturated fatty acids, containing 18 and 20 carbon atoms. At the same time, ethoxidol increased the life expectancy of mice by 3.0-4.2 times in conditions of various types of hypoxia.

Conclusion:
The adaptogenic properties of ethoxidol can be attributed to its antiradical and antiox-idant properties.
A Review of Nitro-Hydroxylation Transformation on Aromatic Ring
Authors: Bu Jian Hang , Ding Qian-Hui , Zhong Hui , Zhou Xu-Dong , Li Bin , Wang Wei , Sheng Wen-Bing 
Published: March 2022

Absatract:
Aromatic nitro compounds are widely used to synthesize medicine, dyes, spices, and
other organic synthesis reagents for their wide sources and low cost. One of the most important
uses is the synthesis of phenolic compounds. Moreover, the nitro group on the aromatic ring can
be converted to hydroxyl after reduction, diazotization, and hydrolysis, which is a traditional
method to get hydroxyl. This mini-review describes the methodologies and mechanisms of nitro-
hydroxylation on aromatic rings and other unique transformation methods.
Sentiment Analysis With Sarcasm Detection On Politician’s Instagram
Authors: Muhaddisi Aisyah , Prastowo Bambang Nurcahyo , Kusumaning Putri Diyah Utami 
Published: March 2022

Sarcasm is one of the problem that affect the result of sentiment analysis. According to Maynard and Greenwood (2014), performance of sentiment analysis can be improved when sarcasm also identified. Some research used Naïve Bayes and Random Forest method on sentiment analysis process. On Salles, dkk (2018) research, in some cases Random Forest outperform the performance by Support Vector Machine that known as a superior method. In this research, we did sentiment analysis on comment section on Instagram account of Indonesian politician. This research compare the accuracy of sentiment analysis with sarcasm detection and analysis sentiment without sarcasm detection, sentiment analysis with Naïve Bayes and Random Forest method then Random Forest for sarcasm detection. This research resulted in accuracy value in sentiment analysis without sarcasm detection with Naïve Bayes 61%, with Random Forest method 72%. Accuracy on sentiment analysis with sarcasm detection using Naïve Bayes – Random Forest method is 60% and using Random Forest – Random Forest method is 71%.
Anomaly Detection in Hospital Claims Using K-Means and Linear Regression
Authors: Prakosa Hendri Kurniawan , Rokhman Nur 
Published: March 2022

BPJS Kesehatan, which has been in existence for almost a decade, is still experiencing a deficit in the process of guaranteeing participants. One of the factors that causes this is a discrepancy in the claim process which tends to harm BPJS Kesehatan. For example, by increasing the diagnostic coding so that the claim becomes bigger, making double claims or even recording false claims. These actions are based on government regulations is including fraud. Fraud can be detected by looking at the anomalies that appear in the claim data.This research aims to determine the anomaly of hospital claim to BPJS Kesehatan. The data used is BPJS claim data for 2015-2016. While the algorithm used is a combination of K-Means algorithm and Linear Regression. For optimal clustering results, density canopy algorithm was used to determine the initial centroid.Evaluation using silhouete index resulted in value of 0.82 with number of clusters 5 and RMSE value from simple linear regression modeling of 0.49 for billing costs and 0.97 for length of stay. Based on that, there are 435 anomaly points out of 10,000 data or 4.35%. It is hoped that with the identification of these, more effective follow-up can be carried out.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Increasing the Effectiveness of MSMEs in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period and the New Normal Era (Case Study on MSMEs Champion in Bogor Regency
Authors: Supiyati Melly , Indapurnahayu Indapurnahayu , Aminda Renea Shinta 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused many problems, one of which is the economic slowdown. In this case, the sector that has the most impact is the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) sector, where restrictions on community activities during the Covid-19 pandemic have caused a decline in income, making MSMEs need to limit their production. With reduced production, MSMEs do not involve much labor and participate in online markets to market their products. Of course, this difficult condition also affects the capital of MSMEs themselves. MSME actors also need to develop strategies for business continuity and adapt them to the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the MSME Champion in Bogor Regency, on the factors that influence the MSME strategy towards increasing the effectiveness of MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic and in the new normal era. The type of research that will be used is descriptive qualitative. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 72 respondents with the sampling technique used is the non-probability sampling method, namely by purposive sampling. The results of the study indicate that the workforce has no effect on the effectiveness of MSMEs. MSME business actors who access online markets also have no effect on the effectiveness of MSMEs. Meanwhile, capital has an influence on the effectiveness of MSMEs. For this reason, capital assistance or easy access to capital from the government and other financial institutions is very helpful for MSME business actors in increasing the effectiveness of MSMEs during the current pandemic.
Keywords: MSMEs, Labor, Capital, Online Market
STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES ON ENGLISH LEARNING CLASS DURING ONLINE LEARNING: NARRATIVE INQUIRY
Authors: Lestari Ika , Suryaman Maman , Puspitaloka Nina 
Published: March 2022

This narrative study aims to explore the students' motivational experience of two English education students in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted by using a qualitative approach and narrative inquiry method. The research participants were two students second and fourth semester at the university of Singaperbangsa Karawang. To collect the data, researchers used were interviews. Drawing on semi-structured interview data, we found the prevalence of online courses affected students' emotions and motivation. Both participants experienced emotions and motivation facing the online courses. The study stresses the students’ experience, emotional experiences during online class, and factors that motivated learning. Keywords: Online learning, English Learning, Students’ Experiences
Impact of dissolved oxygen on hospital wastewater quality treated by SBBR in Basrah city, Iraq
Authors: AL-REKABI Wisam S , AL-KHAFAJI Samar A , JANNA Hussein 
Published: March 2022

The hospitals close to the residences can make problems for the environment as a consequence of sewage drained into the water stream. Sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) offers advantages for treating sewage; such as simple operation, flexible process, and cost-effective. The laboratory bench-scale experiments were carried out treating hospital wastewater (HWW) of one of Basrah hospital city by a fabricated SBBR reactor of 26 l working volume. The hospital wastewater has the following characteristics (average values): pH 7.3, BOD equal to 280 mg·l–1, COD equal to 550 mg·l–1, total phosphorus (TP) equal to 6.4 mg·l–1, ammonia (NH3-N) equal to 44 mg·l–1 and total suspended solid (TSS) equal to 272 mg·l–1. This research aims to estimate the performance of the SBBR system for treating hospital wastewater to enhance different effluent parameters such as COD, total nitrogen (TN), ammonia, and total phosphorous (TP) with various dissolved oxygen (DO) with range of 2.15–6.55 mg·l–1, the best DO values give these removal efficiencies for COD equal to 84.55%, NH3-N equal to 65.91% and TN between 78 and 18% for DO equal to 3.67 mg·l–1, while TP removal efficiency was 79.70% for DO equal to 6.55 mg·l–1. By comparison of the SBBR effluent with international standards for effluent sewage, it noticed COD concentration 85 mg·l–1, TN 12 mg·l–1 and TP 1.3 mg·l–1 met all standards (European, WHO, and China), while NH3-N 15 mg·l–1 was outside WHO and European standards, while satisfies only Chinese standard.
Using the Same Provider for Financial Statement Audit and Assurance of Extended External Reports: Choices and Consequences
Authors: Lu Meiting , Simnett Roger , Zhou Shan 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARY
Independent assurance of extended external reports (EER) is one of the most significant trends in today’s global assurance profession. When companies decide to purchase third-party assurance on EER, they need to decide whether to engage their financial statement auditor or a different assurance provider. We examine factors that impact this decision, and the consequences of this decision on financial statement audit quality and cost. We find that independence concerns are associated with companies choosing different EER assurance providers from their incumbent financial statement auditors, while providers’ expertise in EER assurance and the recent trend of integrating nonfinancial information into the annual report promote the use of the same provider. We further find some evidence that companies with the same provider attesting to both financial statements and EER benefit from having higher financial statement audit quality without paying significantly different audit fees.
Effects of compressive stress combined with mechanical vibration on osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells
Authors: Changkhaokham Boontida , Suamphan Sumit , Pavasant Prasit , Jitpukdeebodintra Suwanna , Leethanakul Chidchanok 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To investigate the effects of compressive force and/or mechanical vibration on NFATc1, DCSTAMP, and CTSK (cathepsin K) gene expression and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)–positive multinucleated cells in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine osteoclastic-like cell line.

Materials and Methods
RAW 264.7 cells were subjected to mechanical vibration, compressive force, or compressive force combined with vibration. Cell viability and the numbers of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells were evaluated. NFATc1, DCSTAMP, and CTSK gene expressions were analyzed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Compressive force combined with mechanical vibration significantly increased the numbers of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells but did not significantly affect cell viability. In addition, compressive force combined with mechanical vibration significantly increased NFATc1, DCSTAMP, and CTSK mRNA expression compared with compressive force or vibration alone.

Conclusions
Compressive force combined with mechanical vibration induces osteoclastogenesis and upregulates NFATc1, DCSTAMP, and CTSK gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. These results provide more insight into the mechanisms by which vibratory force accelerates orthodontic tooth movement.