bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Cooling and Heating Functions Be Modeled with Homogeneous Radiation Fields?
Authors: Robinson David , Avestruz Camille , Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cooling and heating functions describe how radiative processes impact the thermal state of a gas as a function of its temperature and other physical properties. In a most general case the functions depend on the detailed distributions of ionic species and on the radiation spectrum. Hence, these functions may vary on a very wide range of spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, we explore cooling and heating functions between 5 ≤ z ≤ 10 in simulated galaxies from the Cosmic Reionization On Computers project. We compare three functions: (1) the actual cooling and heating rates of hydrodynamic cells as a function of cell temperature, (2) the median cooling and heating functions computed using median interstellar medium (ISM) properties (median ISM), and (3) the median of the cooling and heating functions of all gas cells (instantaneous). We find that the median ISM and instantaneous approaches to finding a median cooling and heating function give identical results within the spread due to cell-to-cell variation. However, the actual cooling (heating) rates experienced by the gas at different temperatures in the simulations do not correspond to either summarized cooling (heating) functions. In other words, the thermodynamics of the gas in the simulations cannot be described by a single set of a cooling plus a heating function with a spatially constant radiation field that could be computed with common tools, such as CLOUDY.
KIC 2857323: A Double-mode High-amplitude δ Scuti Star with Amplitude Decline of the First Overtone Mode
Authors: Yang Tao-Zhi , Zuo Zhao-Yu , Sun Xiao-Ya , Tang Rui-Xuan , Esamdin Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate the pulsating behavior of KIC 2857323 using high-precision observations from the Kepler mission. Fourier analysis of 4 yr time-series data reveals five independent frequencies for the light variation. Among them, two strong frequencies f
1 and f
3 with a period ratio of 0.774 identify this star as a double-mode (i.e., the fundamental mode F0 and first overtone mode F1) high-amplitude δ Scuti star (HADS). Seismic modeling using the two radial modes F0 and F1 indicates that KIC 2857323 is a main-sequence star with mass M = 1.78 ± 0.02 M
⊙ and metallicity Z from 0.009 to 0.012. We analyze the phase and amplitude variations of F0 and F1 using the phase modulation method and find that the first overtone mode F1 shows a slow decline in amplitude. We discuss several possible causes for the amplitude variation and speculate that the amplitude decline in this star may be due to pulsation energy loss. We note that KIC 2857323 is the first double-mode HADS to show amplitude decline and warrants further study to ascertain its nature.
Student Success Through Mastery Learning in a Nursing Health Assessment Course
Authors: Morgan Erin 
Published: August 2022

Background:

A nurse's ability to assess a patient is foundational to practice. The educational theory of mastery learning can be applied to teach physical assessment in nursing to define standards, provide feedback, and encourage a baseline level of student competence required in the new
American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Essentials
.

Method:
A baccalaureate nursing health assessment course was redesigned in mastery learning to include detailed rubrics, faculty exemplar videos, and laboratory time for practice. Student-produced physical assessment videos served as formative assessments for each body system.

Results:
Six students did not reach the assigned mastery level on one of the formative assessments, allowing for quick identification and remediation. All of the students passed the end-of-course physical assessment examination, meeting the goal of the course redesign.

Conclusion:

Mastery Learning Theory allowed all students to practice skills, receive feedback, and gain confidence to master physical assessment.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(12):720–723.]
Expression analysis of HIF-3α as a potent prognostic biomarker in various types of human cancers
Authors: Yazdani Behnaz , Sirous Hajar 
Published: August 2022

Background and purpose
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that get activated and stabilized in the heterodimerized form under hypoxic conditions. many studies have reported the importance of the HIF-1α and HIF-2α activity in biological pathways of hypoxic cancer cells. However, the importance of HIF-3α in a variety of cancers remains unknown.

Experimental approach:
The expression profile of 13 different types of cancer samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were subjected to normalization, and differential gene expression analysis was performed using computational algorithms by R programming. Receiver operating characteristic tests and survival analyses were carried out for HIF-α subunits in different cancers.

Findings / Results:
The expression status of HIF-3α was notably less in all cancer samples in contrast to their adjacent normal tissues. The expression degree of HIF-1α varied among distinct types of cancer and the expression degree of HIF-2α was lower in nearly all types of cancers. HIF-3α had very weak diagnostic potential, while HIF-2α had better diagnostic potential in most types of cancers compared to HIF-1α. Patients who had a higher level of HIF-3α had better survival, while the higher expression level of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were associated with worse survival in many types of cancers.

Conclusion and implications:
Our findings showed that each HIF-α subunit had a unique heterogeneous expression pattern in different classes of cancers. The expression level of each HIF-α subunit correlated differently with the stages, tumor sizes, and survival rate of patients from different classes of TCGA cancers.
Adding pre-emptive anticholinergics to antipsychotics
Authors: Chatterjee Kaushik , Dangi Ankit , Sharma Rachit , Yadav Prateek , Chauhan Vinay Singh , Prakash Jyoti 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Anti-psychotics are the mainstay of treatment for Schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. Historically, anticholinergics have been prescribed to prevent or treat extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) associated with first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs). Even though newer antipsychotics are associated with markedly lower rates of EPS, concurrent anticholinergic use remains high. Use of these medications has potential for long-term side effects, worsening of EPS and poor adherence. We have briefly discussed the limited association between second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and EPS, the efficacy of anticholinergics for different types of EPS, and summarized various national and international guidelines on the subject. In conclusion, there is no evidence for prophylactic use of anticholinergics with antipsychotics. Clinicians need to guard against this tendency to be unduly cautious.
Influence of mycophenolate mofetil dosage and plasma levels on the occurrence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction in lung transplants: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Steinack Carolin , Saurer Philipp , Gautschi Fiorenza , Hage René , Ortmanns Gernot , Schuurmans Macé M. , Gaisl Thomas 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction is a limiting factor for post-lung transplant survival. We evaluated whether the dose of the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil or plasma concentrations of the active metabolite mycophenolic acid affect the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study we recruited 71 patients with a lung transplant between 2010 and 2014 which survived the first year after transplantation up to 1 July 2021. An event-time-analytical Cox proportional-hazards regression model with time-varying-covariates (18,431 measurements for MPA, mycophenolate mofetil dosage, lymphocytes) was used to predict chronic lung allograft dysfunction, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors and lung function at baseline.
RESULTS: 37 patients did not develop chronic lung allograft dysfunction (age 41.3 ± 15.6 years, baseline FEV1 95.5 ± 19.1% predicted) and 34 patients developed chronic lung allograft dysfunction (age 50.9 ± 13.3 years, baseline FEV1 102.2 ± 25.4% predicted). Mean mycophenolic acid did not differ significantly between the groups (2.8 ± 1.7 and 3.0 ± 2.3 mg/l; p = 0.724). In the first 4 post-transplant years the death rate was 25%. A total of 50% of the patients died by the ninth post-transplant year. There was a dose-effect relationship between mycophenolate mofetil dosage, mycophenolic acid (r2 = 0.02, p <0.001), as well as lymphocyte levels (r2 = –0.007, p <0.001), but only the traditional risk factor age predicted chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Continuously measured mycophenolic acid did not predict chronic lung allograft dysfunction (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.90–1.06, p = 0.64 over a period of 382.97 patient-years).
CONCLUSION: Mycophenolate mofetil dosage and mycophenolic acid were not associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction development. Thus, the mycophenolate mofetil dose or mycophenolic acid plasma concentration are not a primary factor related to organ rejection, but chronic lung allograft dysfunction may be influenced by other components of immunosuppression or other factors.
THE PERISHED MADHHABS AND THEIR IMAMS IN HISTORICAL REVIEW
Authors: Meirison Meirison , Eri  Firdaus Yelmi , Makhsus Makhsus 
Published: August 2022

This article aims to analyze the role of madhab scholars and their students and the state in perpetuating their schools. Every nation on earth has scholars in various fields of religion and the world. They respect and appreciate these nations for their role in building their society religiously, intellectually, and culturally. These scholars created Islamic civilization in Baghdad, Cairo, Kairouan, Damascus, and Andalus, etc. That civilization taught the world at a time of European ignorance of the Ages by conducting a qualitative descriptive analysis literature study. We found that some scholars did not influence their knowledge for various reasons, including the cleric Imam Al-Layth bin Saad, Tabari, and at-Thaur they are part of famous jurists of his time. This study discusses the doctrine of Al-Awza'i during the Umayyad period (138–206 AA/756–821 AD). It was the central doctrine of the first three Umayyad princes, Abdulrahman, Hesham, and A.L.-Hakam. This study also discusses the life of Al-Awza'i and his spread in Al-Andalus and the contribution of the people of Sham in transferring the doctrine to Al-Andalus because it became the primary doctrine of the Umayyad Emirate. in the era of Abdulrahman Bin Mo'awyeh. In addition, the eminent scholars and Awza'i judges, the reasons behind this decline and doctrine from Al-Andalus were also discovered.
Keywords: Doctrines, hidden jurisprudence, historical, Islam
Efektivitas Penerapan Media Alat Peraga Papan Statistika terhadap Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Danial Danial , Nur Azmy  , Jamaluddin  , Syarifuddin  , Fitriani  
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan media alat peraga papan statistika terhadap pembelajaran Matematika. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pre-eksperiment dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MA Pondok Pesantren Darul Ihsan Salohe, dengan teknik pengambilan sampelnya adalah sampling jenuh. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan tes. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai yang diperoleh (Pre Test) dengan rata rata nilai (Mean) 66,14 dan standard deviasi 9,907. Sedangkan untuk nilai (Post Test) pembelajaran dengan bantuan alat peraga papan statistika diperoleh skor dengan rata-rata nilai (Mean) 72,57 dan standard deviasi 2,992. Dan berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik inferensial menggunakan uji paired sampel T Test diperoleh Nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000. Nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh tersebut lebih kecil dari (0,000 < 0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan media alat peraga papan statistika efektif terhadap pembelajaran matematika
Penguatan Literasi Digital melalui Hybrid Learning di Prodi PGMI
Authors: Nasrawati Nasrawati , Laeli Qadrianti  , Nurjannah  , Diarti Andra Ningsih  , Nurul Islamiah  
Published: August 2022

Pada era revolusi indsutri 4.0 sekarang ini, literasi digital menjadi suatu kebutuhan dan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap manusia termasuk pendidik ataupun calon pendidik. Penguatan literasi digital melalui hybrid learning menjadi gerbang utama pembawa perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasar pada hal ini para dosen dan mahasiswa Program Studi PGMI melakukan proses pembelajaran
melalui hybrid learning agar proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih fleksibel dan tetap terlaksana. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk penguatan literasi digital melalui hybrid leraning pada Prodi PGMI. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Fenomenologi dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan cara peneliti terlibat langsung dalam pengamatan terkait penguatan literasi digital melalui hybrid leraning pada prodi PGMI. Metode pengumpulan data dan informasi yang peneliti gunakan berupa wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menurut teori Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi beberapa tahap yaitu tahap reduksi data, tahap display atau penyajian data, serta tahap penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa telah dilakukan penguatan literasi digital melalui hybrid learning pada prodi PGMI. Melalui hybrid learning diharapkan literasi digital mahasiswa maupun dosen di prodi PGMI dapat terus berkembang karena di era revolusi digital seperti sekarang ini kita dituntut untuk melek teknologi yaitu harus mampu mengikuti arus perkembangan zaman dimana perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih dapat membantu dan mempermudah semua proses dalam dunia pendidikan itu sendiri.
Growth and Secondary Metabolites Production of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Cultivated at Different Phosphate Application Rates in Acid Soil
Authors: Vinolina Noverita Sprinse , Sigalingging Riswanti 
Published: August 2022

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a widely known medicinal plant for dermatological and non-dermatological diseases. The demand for C. asiatica extracts continues to increase but its availability is markedly depleted due to exploitation and limited cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the phosphate growth responses and variation of secondary metabolites production of C. asiatica cultivated at different phosphate application rates in acid soil in Indonesia. The soil pH used in this study was 2.76. Rates of phosphate application were 0 kg per plant as control plant, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha-1, respectively. Results showed that the plants applied with 40 kg ha-1 phosphate resulted in the highest number of leaves, petiole length, total leaf area, and number of tendrils and stolons which lead to the higher biomass. C. asiatica produced various types of secondary metabolites, i.e asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, saponin, tannin, phenolic, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, and glycoside. The production of secondary metabolites was optimized by the application of 20 kg ha-1 phosphate. It can be concluded that the application low dosage of phosphate can enhance the growth and secondary metabolites production of C. asiatica cultivated in acid soil.
HIGHLIGHTS

Gotu kola is well-known medicinal plant that has which has been used for generations and its benefits has been confrmed by the consumers
Gotu kola can grow in both lowlands and highlands but the centellosides contents in gotu kola affected by the growing medium and phosphorus application
The demand for simplicia is increasing, while the availability of gotu kola is limited in nature may cause gotu kola become rare and even endangered. Thus, it is necessary to cultivate gotu kola to maintain good quality and quantity
The specific target to be achieved is the availability of gotu kola with optimal centelloside content

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
PENGALAMAN EMOSIONAL MENJADI CAREGIVER ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI PANTI ASUHAN BHAKTI LUHUR BANJARMASIN
Authors: Anggraini Sapariah , Lanawati Lanawati , Berek Annastasia Hoar 
Published: August 2022

Latar Belakang : Menjadi caregiver bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus bukanlah peran yang mudah. Tugas dan tanggung jawab Caregiver dapat menjadi beban yang berpotensi menimbulkan banyak masalah emosional dan mempengaruhi kesejahteraan psikologis caregiver. Kondisi mental emosional caregiver yang buruk dapat mempengaruhi pelayanan dan asuhan yang diberikannya kepada ABK. Sehingga, pengalaman caregiver dalam memaknai pengalaman hidupnya menjadi pengasuh profesional bagi anak-anak ABK menjadi penting untuk dieksplorasi.
Tujuan Penelitian : Mengeksplorasi makna pengalaman caregiver Panti Asuhan Bhakti Luhur Banjarmasin dalam merawat ABK.
Metode : Penelitian ini mengunakan metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan Fenomenologi interpretatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik indept interview dengan bantuan daftar pertanyaan yang sudah disusun peneliti. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik 7-steps of IPA. Partisipan berjumlah 5 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling.
Hasil : Penelitian ini menghasilkan 4 tema utama yaitu; (1) Realitas pekerjaan tidak sesuai teori, (2) Kondisi pencetus emosional, (3) Tujuan kerja tidak tercapai (4) Beban psikologis emosional caregiver
Kesimpulan : Pengalaman caregiver yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini memaknai pengalamannya bahwa menjadi caregiver bagi ABK bukan suatu pekerjaan yang mudah. Tugas utama dan tambahan yang diberikan sering membuat caregiver merasa kelelahan, kejenuhan dan marah. Tugas dan beban yang tinggi inilah yang sering membawa stres dari tanggung jawabnya sebagai caregiver.
Kata Kunci : ABK, Caregiver, Pengalaman Emosional
The Association of Malignancies with The Clinical Profile of Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Sahin Nihal , Demirsoy Ugur , Corapcioglu Funda 
Published: August 2022

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a significant autosomal dominant disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical findings. These signs (Café au lait spots, bone dysplasia, Lisch nodules) usually start to emerge after the first months of life and most are benign in nature. On the other hand, neoplasms (optic glioma, neurofibroma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, soft tissue sarcoma, leukemia, breast cancer) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in NF-1 patients. Cancer risk during the lifetime of an NF-1 patient is almost 10 times more than a person without NF-1, but what drives these patients into cancer is still unknown.
This study aims to analyze the possible association of clinical findings with malignancies in children with NF-1.
Medical records of 55 children with NF-1 who were followed up in a tertiary care pediatric oncology clinic between January 2005 and December 2014 were analyzed. We assessed clinical and demographic characteristics of patients, as well as the NF-1 diagnostic criteria, NF-1 related complications, and malignancies. The NF-1 patients without malignancy were classified in Group 1 while patients with malignancy were in Group 2. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of malignancy in NF-1.
The mean age was 7.68 ± 4.65 years. Female sex was dominant in both groups. Café au lait spots were present in all patients. Axillary-inguinal freckling was observed in 76.4% of patients, followed by neurofibromas in 30.9%, Lisch nodules in 29.1%, bone dysplasia in 14.5%, optic gliomas in 23.6%, and a history of first degree relative with NF-1 in 63.6%. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors were present in 40%. Tumors other than CNS tumors were acute myeloid leukemia and schwannoma. None of the diagnostic criteria was a risk factor for predisposing to malignancy by itself. Having >3 criteria was found to be the risk factor for malignancy in NF-1 (OR:5.891, CI 95%: 1.676-20.705, p=0.006).
There are no clearly defined risk factors predicting occurance of malignancies in NF-1 at present. However, we found a higher risk of malignancy association in patients who meet more than 3 diagnostic criteria of NF-1.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Pembinaan Guru Dan Supervisi Pengawas Terhadap Manajemen Pembelajaran Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru
Authors: Rahmawati  
Published: August 2022

Masalah pendidikan saat ini terkait dengan hasil belajar yang buruk merupakan salah satu masalah pendidikan nasional. Kondisi ini diyakini antara lain karena kinerja guru yang buruk akibat belum optimalnya implementasi kebijakan pengembangan guru, supervisi, dan manajemen pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis dampak strategi pengembangan dan pemantauan guru terhadap manajemen pembelajaran untuk mencapai kinerja guru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif berdasarkan undang-undang sensus. Populasi sampel atau responden survei ini adalah 60 guru MTs Darul`Arqam. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah desk research dan fieldwork. Metode analisis data yang digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian adalah analisis statistik dengan menggunakan model analisis lintasan. Membandingkan thitung dan ttabel dari pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis jalur, nilai thitung > ttabel = thitung 13.886 > ttabel = 2,005 artinya H0 ditolak sedangkan H1 diterima dan dinaikkan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebijakan pengembangan dan pemantauan guru yang berbeda secara simultan atau parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap manajemen pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar guru di MTS Darul Arqam Garut. Dari hasil penelitian ini terungkap bahwa ada temuan-temuan penting yang merupakan permasalahan dari variabel pelaksanaan kebijakan pembinaan guru,supervisi pengawas, manajemen pembelajaran, serta kinerja guru, maka untuk mengatasi permaslahan tersebut disaranakan untuk: (1) Pelaksanaan pembinaan guru harus sesuai dan terarah serta berkelanjutan (2) supervisi pengawas diadakan harus sesuai jadwal antara 3 bulan atau 6 bulan dan kepala madrasah memberikan pembinaan pada guru-guru yang kehadirannya kurang dan memberikan punishmen (3) Menyesuaikan guru antara mata pelajaran yang diampu dengan kualifikasi pendidikan terakhir (4) kinerja guru lebih ditingkatkan lagi supaya pembelajaran didalam kelas lebih optimal.