bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis of the Durable Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Variety Toropi
Authors: Casassola Alice , Ereful Nelzo C. , Zanella Camila C. , Brammer Sandra P. , Chaves Márcia , Martinelli José A. , Boyd Lesley A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Leaf rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia triticina (Pt), is a major constraint to wheat production worldwide. The Brazilian wheat variety Toropi, released in 1965 and commercially cultivated for over 15 years, has maintained a high level of field resistance to leaf rust, while being seedling susceptible to all known Brazilian Pt isolates.
Results
The adult plant resistance (APR) in Toropi exhibits a prehaustorial phenotype, the pathogens development being halted at appressorial and sub-stomatal vesicle growth stages. A time-course analysis was performed to explore the resistance mechanisms behind the unique APR in Toropi, taking flag leaf samples for RNA sequencing over 24 hours following inoculation with Pt race MDT-MR. An average of 87.8% of paired-end reads aligned to the Chinese Spring IWGSC RefSeq v.1, and 0.53% to the Pt reference transcriptome, release 35. Cross-conditional different expression of wheat genes was undertaken, comparing Pt- to Mock-inoculated, and Pt- to Pt-inoculated timepoints. More genes were downregulated than upregulated, particularly at the early timepoints of 6 and 12 hours after inoculation (hai). GO enrichment analysis indicated a shutting down of RNA and protein synthesis, particularly prevalent from the downregulation of genes involved in ribosome structure and function. There was also an early effect on photosynthesis, with disruption of the electron transfer chain. Analyses of upregulated genes identified genes involved in ATP binding and protein kinase activity at 6 hai, suggesting a rapid metabolic response to Pt inoculation. There was a general upregulation of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and oxidoreductase activity (linked to defence through the generation of ROS), and transport of protein/peptides, nitrogen and organic compounds, indicating the possible need to relocate protein-based resources, either for the benefit of the host or the pathogen. Alignment of differentially expressed wheat genes with the genomic regions defining four QTL contributing to the leaf rust APR in Toropi identified a number of potential candidate genes, including a sugar transporter, a receptor kinase and a gene annotated as a seven transmembrane MLO family protein. In addition, 60 Pt genes were identified, six being annotated as potential effector proteins. Expression of four effectors peaked at 6 hai, one at 0 hai and the sixth at 12 hai, all well before the formation of haustoria.
Conclusions
Analysis of gene expression in the wheat variety Toropi at the point in Pt development at which resistance is effective indicated a strong PTI response, fully active by 6 hai.
Clinical features of chronic kidney disease in dogs with the serological presence of Leptospira spp, Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Authors: Vázquez-Manzanilla Claire A. , Cárdenas-Marrufo María F. , Gutiérrez-Blanco Eduardo , Jiménez-Coello Matilde , Pech-Sosa Nelly R. , Ortega-Pacheco Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To characterize the clinical features of chronic kidney disease in dogs with serological evidence of Leptospira spp. from an endemic region, thirty-three dogs with chronic kidney disease were clinically evaluated from March 2019 to March 2020, all dogs were also serologically tested for Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Seroprevalence for Leptospira spp. was 39.4%. The most frequent serovars found were Pyrogenes, Canicola, Bratislava and Australis with serological titters between 1:100 and 1:800. No DNA was found in the urine. The most frequent clinical signs detected were fever, depression, decreased body condition, vomiting, and hematuria. Significant laboratory findings (p <0.05) were anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, increased liver enzymes, urea and creatinine, hyperbilirubinemia, and hyperphosphatemia. All leptospira seronegative dogs were positive at one or both monitored homoparasites (i.e. E. canis and A. phagocytophilum); only 3 leptospira seroposive dogs were positive to one or both hemoparasite. Leptospirosis in dogs may be involved in the development of kidney disease, so it should be considered within the battery of clinical analysis, particularly in endemic areas. However, further studies are still required to determine the specific role of the various serovars associated with CKD. Findings also suggests that endemic hemoparasites of dogs should be monitored in dogs with a kidney condition for a better clinical picture of the patients and therapeutic approach.
Simplified Beam-Column Joint Model for RC Moment Resisting Frame
Authors: PARATE KANAK NARENDRA , Kumbhar Onkar , Kumar Ratnesh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
During strong seismic events, inelastic shear deformation occurs in beam-column joints. Several researchers have provided different joint models to incorporate its inelastic properties in analytical modelling. However, these models require cumbersome calculations and tedious modelling techniques, which are time-consuming thus limit their practical application. To overcome these limitations, a new analytical model has been developed using a rotational spring and rigid links, which incorporates the inelastic shear deformation of the joint. The stiffness properties of the rotational spring element have been assigned in terms of a moment rotation curve developed from the joint shear stress-strain backbone curve. The inelastic joint rotation behaviour has been categorised in three stages viz. cracking, yielding and ultimate. The joint shear stress has been estimated using an analytical model based on the hybrid approach. The strain values corresponding to these damage satges have been evaluated based on the assessment of experimental data. Further, to account for the effect of adjoining beam and column on the joint rotation behavior, a geometry factor has been proposed to modify the stiffness properties of rotational spring. The response of the proposed analytical model has been validated at the component and structural levels. It has been observed that the proposed simplified beam-column joint model effectively emulates the inelastic behaviour of the joint in comparison to the existing models.
‘He was a brilliant student but became mad like his grandfather’: An exploratory investigation on the social perception and stigma against mental health patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Shohel Tunvir Ahamed , Nasrin Nishad , Farjana Fariha , Shovo Taufiq-E-Ahmed , Asha Aisha Rahman , Heme Morsheda Akter , Islam Ashraful , Paul Pranto , Hossain Md. Tanvir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, mental health issues constitute a substantial threat to the social, economic, and mental wellbeing of people and contribute significantly to many fatalities each year. In Bangladesh, people with mental health issues typically delay contacting health professionals because they rely on traditional or religious healers. Moreover, the situation is exacerbated by a lack of awareness, social stigma and negative perception from families and the community towards sufferers of mental health issues. Therefore, this paper investigates the social perception and stigmatisation of mental health patients and their caregivers in Khulna city of Bangladesh. Methods: Data were collected from university students who had concurring mental health issues and from their closest caregivers who had in-depth knowledge and willingness to take care for the patients. Following the criteria for data collection, eight (8) mental health patients and five (5) caregivers were purposively selected for this research. An unstructured in-depth interview guide was used for the confidential data collection process between November to December 2021, and each interview lasted for, on average, 40-50 minutes. Results: This study used thematic analysis to present the results, and the findings showed that: mental health patients seek both medical and spiritual support to recover. Mental health patients with positive family support improved quicker than those with the opposite. However, negative social perception and stigmatisation are the key impediments for mental health patients and their families to discuss their issues with relatives and communities to get support or to seek remedies. Moreover, the commonality of social stigmas, such as labelling mental health problems equal to ‘madness’, hinders disclosure to family members, peers, and the community.Conclusion and recommendations: In Bangladesh, the majority of mental health patients are stigmatized without receiving emotional support. Hence, we suggest nationwide community-based awareness-building programs to promote positive perceptions against mental-health disorders. Besides, counselling and awareness-building programs for effective prevention against non-scientific remedies, such as spiritual healing; and diagnosis at the primary stage of sickness and medication, are recommended for early detection and better medical assistance.
High-throughput Screening of Plastic Deformable Inorganic Semiconductors
Authors: Hong Jiawang , Ren Qi , Li Yongheng , Gao Ziyan , Deng Jianming , Lun Yingzhuo , Wang Xueyun , Tang Gang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Inorganic semiconductors play an important role in fields such as information, sensor, and energy. But most bulk inorganic semiconductors are intrinsically brittle. With the development of smart electronic components like flexible electronic devices, it is urgent to explore plastically deformable inorganic semiconductors. For high-throughput screening of possible candidate materials, a reliable, universal, and convenient factor is needed. In this paper, a simple plastic deformability factor consisting of only elastic constants was proposed, which were examined by the experimentally verified plastic inorganic semiconductors Ag2S and InSe. Through data mining, 612 types of bulk layered materials were selected from more than 40,000 three-dimensional materials, two of which (PbI2 and CuInP2S6) were further experimentally verified, showing the reliability of this factor. This simple factor could be used to rapidly predict the plastic deformability of layered materials and large-scale screening of candidate inorganic materials for next-generation deformable and flexible electronic devices.
Tubulin beta 4B chain is involved in the cell cycle process of mouse spermatogonia through CDK2
Authors: Feng Meiying , Zeng Zifan , Kuang Naisong , Li Shuhui , Lin Jingna , Yu Xianmei , Fu Shuying , Wang Kai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tubb4b (tubulin beta-4b chain) is essential for spermatogonia cell growth and development as a microtubule network protein, and its regulatory mechanism remains to be studied. To deeply understand the role of Tubb4b in spermatogonia cell proliferation and the cell cycle, we studied the role of spermatogonia in the control and TUBB4B-KO groups in different cell cycle phases by flow cytometry. We detected the crucial protein CDK2 in each stage by qRT–PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that under the induction of serum starvation, thymidine, and nocodazole under different conditions, mouse spermatogonia remained in the G0-G1 phase, S phase, and G2-M phase, respectively, and the change in the spermatogonia cycle in the Tubb4b-KO group was slower than that in the control group. In the study of cycle synchronization, it was found that the mRNA level of Cdk2 in the G2-M phase increased significantly (P < 0.001), accompanied by the accumulation of CDK2 protein. In the Tubb4b-KO group, the mRNA level of Cdk2 increased significantly in the G0-G1 phase (P < 0.05), decreased significantly in the S phase (P < 0.05) and was accompanied by the fluctuation of CDK2 protein. These data suggest that Tubb4b has the potential to play an important role during the spermatogonial cell cycle by affecting the fluctuating expression of CDK2.
Ultrasound-driven modification of brewer’s spent grain protein hydrolysates with yeast growth and fermentation-promoting activity
Authors: Li Qing , Chen Moutong , Coldea Teodora Emilia , Yang Huirong , Zhao Haifeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The conformational properties of hydrolysates derived from brewer’s spent grain protein (BSGP) pretreatment with and without ultrasound were investigated, and the effect of BSGP hydrolysates (BSGPH) supplementation on the brewer’s yeast growth and fermentation performances were examined. Results demonstrated that both BSGPH had substantial influences on the biomass, viability, sugar consumption and ethanol production of yeast. Specifically, medium supplemented with hydrolysates derived from BSGP pretreated with ultrasound (UBPH) for 4 h hydrolysis (UBPH-4) increased biomass by 7.7%, viability by 9.78%, sugar consumption by 37.16%, and ethanol yields by 20.20% (v/v), respectively, compared with the blank. UBPH-4 exhibited a looser morphology and disordered secondary structure, with a decrease in α-helix and increased random coil. Meanwhile, a higher proportion of short peptides and hydrophilic amino acids in UBPH-4 might account for its preferred bioactivity. All findings revealed that UBPH were effective nitrogen sources for yeast growth and fermentation.
Design and Realization of Space Deployable Prime Focal Antenna Mechanisms
Authors: Halpati Mitesh , Mehta Manan , Ananthnarayanan Pradeep , Arora Hemant , Shah Dhaval , Joshi Shashikant J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Deep space exploration, radio astronomy interplanetary missions and next-generation telecommunication technology requires high bandwidth data transmission for effective and un-interrupted communication. This leads to the need for launching large sized antenna systems with diameter larger than 3 m. During the launching of satellites, owing to limitations of launch vehicles, the antenna sizes are limited to 3 m. Therefore deployable mechanisms are used to launch large aperture antenna. After the launch vehicle reaches orbit in space, the antenna needs to be deployed, resulting in the transition from mechanism to structure. After deployment, the geometric position of points of the antenna must be within a close tolerance limit, which demands a lot of precision for achieving a perfectly reflective surface. In this paper, a prime focal type of deployable antenna has been developed. The dornier antenna mechanism, triangular prism modular mechanism, tetrahedral modular antenna mechanism, umbrella type radial rib mechanism, and six bar deployment mechanism along with spatial mechanism have been designed for deploying the ribs of the antenna. A detailed kinematic analysis of the umbrella type radial rib and six bar mechanisms has been carried out. The realization of these deployment mechanisms has been performed by fabricating both mechanisms based on the design for manufacturing and design for assembly consideration. The realized antennas are successfully tested in the zero gravity laboratory.
CircSMARCC1 facilitates tumor progression by disrupting the crosstalk between prostate cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages via miR-1322/CCL20/CCR6 signaling
Authors: Xie Tao , Fu Du-jiang , Li Zhi-min , Lv Dao-jun , Song Xian-Lu , Yu Yu-zhong , Wang Chong , Li Kang-jing , Zhai Baoqian , Wu Jiacheng , Feng Ning-Han , Zhao Shan-Chao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proved to mediate the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to facilitate the carcinogenesis and development of many cancers. However, the regulation of macrophages by circRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain.
Methods
Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified by RNA sequencing. The expression of CircSMARCC1 was evaluated using fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR. The oncogenic roles of circSMARCC1 in PCa tumor proliferation and metastasis were investigated through a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Finally, Western blot, biotin-labeled RNA pulldown, luciferase assay, rescue experiments, and co-culture experiments with TAMs revealed the underlying mechanism of circSMARCC1.
Results
CircSMARCC1 was dramatically up-regulated in PCa cells, plasma and tissues. Overexpression of circSMARCC1 promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of circSMARCC1 exerts the opposite effect. Mechanistically, circSMARCC1 could regulate the expression of CC-chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) via sponging miR-1322 and activate PI3K-Akt signaling pathway involved in proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transformation. More importantly, high expression of circSMARCC1 was positively associated with more CD68 + CD163 + CD206 + TAM tumor microenvironment colonization. In addition, overexpression of circSMARCC1 could promote the expression of CD163 in macrophages through the CCL20-CCR6 axis, induce TAMs infiltration and M2 polarization, thereby leading to PCa progression.
Conclusions
circSMARCC1 up-regulates the chemokine CCL20 secretion by sponging miR-1322, which is involved in crosstalk between tumor cells and TAMs by targeting CCL20/CCR6 signaling to promote progression in PCa.
A continuous-time stochastic Boolean model provides a quantitative description of the budding yeast cell cycle
Authors: Laomettachit Teeraphan , Kraikivski Pavel , Tyson John J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The cell division cycle is regulated by a complex network of interacting genes and proteins. The control system has been modeled in many ways, from qualitative Boolean switching-networks to quantitative differential equations and highly detailed stochastic simulations. Here we develop a continuous-time stochastic model using seven Boolean variables to represent the activities of major regulators of the budding yeast cell cycle plus one continuous variable representing cell growth. The Boolean variables are updated asynchronously by logical rules based on known biochemistry of the cell-cycle control system using Gillespie’s stochastic simulation algorithm. Time and cell size are updated continuously. By simulating a population of yeast cells, we calculate statistical properties of cell cycle progression that can be compared directly to experimental measurements. Perturbations of the normal sequence of events indicate that the cell cycle is 91% robust to random ‘flips’ of the Boolean variables, but 9% of the perturbations induce lethal mistakes in cell cycle progression. In general, this simple, hybrid Boolean model gives a good account of the growth and division of budding yeast cells, suggesting that this modeling approach may be as accurate as detailed reaction-kinetic modeling with considerably less demands on estimating rate constants.
Pain, mood, and suicidal behavior among working adults in Chile
Authors: Vélez Juan Carlos , Kovasala Michael , Collado Michele Demi , Friedman Lauren E. , Juvinao-Quintero Diana , Araya Lisette , Castillo Jessica , Williams Michelle A. , Gelaye Bizu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic pain is comorbid with psychiatric disorders, but information on the association of chronic pain with depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and suicidal behavior among occupational cohorts is inadequate. We investigated these associations among employed Chilean adults.
Methods
A total of 1,946 working adults were interviewed during their outpatient visit. Pain was assessed using the Short Form McGill Pain questionnaire (SF-MPG) while depression and generalized anxiety were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. The Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to assess suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the association of chronic pain with mood disorders, as well as suicidal behavior.
Results
High chronic pain (SF-MPG > 11) was reported by 46% of participants. Approximately two-fifths of the study participants (38.2%) had depression, 23.8% generalized anxiety, 13.4% suicidal ideation, and 2.4% suicidal behavior. Compared to those with low pain (SF-MPG ≤ 11), participants with high chronic pain (SF-MPG > 11) had increased odds of experiencing depression only (aOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 2.21–3.73), generalized anxiety only (aOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.42–3.99), and comorbid depression and generalized anxiety (aOR = 6.91; 95% CI: 5.20–9.19). The corresponding aOR (95%CI) for suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior were (aOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.58–3.07) and (aOR = 2.18 = 95% CI: 0.99–4.79), respectively.
Conclusions
Chronic pain is associated with increased odds of depression, generalized anxiety, and suicidal behavior. Mental health support and appropriate management of patients experiencing chronic pain are critical.
Multidisciplinary ocular and periocular cancers meetings: implementation in a tertiary referral center and analysis over a 12-months period
Authors: Savino Gustavo , Piccinni Fabrizio , Pagliara Monica Maria , Sammarco Maria Grazia , Caputo Carmela Grazia , Moro Alessandro , Barbera Giorgio , Tagliaferri Luca , Fionda Bruno , Schinzari Giovanni , Rossi Ernesto , Zagaria Luca , Peris Ketty , Stefani Alessandro Di , Musarra Teresa , Cefaro Luca Ausili , Martucci Matia , Blasi Maria Antonietta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The complexity of multimodal approaches in cancer management and the heterogeneity of oncologic patients have lately led to the establishment of multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDTBs) in different specialties to define targeted, patient-centered treatment strategies, arguably resulting in improved clinical management and prognostic outcomes. However, few data are available regarding the application of this approach in Ocular Oncology. Hereby, the Authors analyze the implementation and outcomes of a trained MDTB in our tertiary ocular oncology referral center.
Methods
A retrospective descriptive analysis of MDTB meetings discussing patient with ocular and periocular cancers, held monthly over a 12-months period, was carried out. Data were grouped by main site involved, topics discussed during meetings and final clinical decisions therefore taken. Meetings were held by a constant ‘Core team’ or – when required in specific cases – by a broader ‘Extended team’.
Results
During the observational period 86 cases were discussed. In 27 patients ocular surface was involved (31%), in 25 patients orbital tissues (29%), in 22 patients eyelids (26%), and in 12 patients intraocular tissues (14%). Considering topics presented, in 13 cases (15%) naïve or referred new patients and in 34 cases (40%) imaging or histopathologic reports were discussed; in 39 cases (45%) treatment planning was discussed. Regarding final decisions, a treatment plan was scheduled in 47 cases (55%) and a diagnostic ascertainment was requested in 27 patients (31%); locally advanced and/or systemic diseases were referred or teamed up with other specialists in 12 cases (14%).
Conclusions
Ocular Oncology multidisciplinary team, by sharing expertise of different specialists, ensures a comprehensive evaluation of patients improving the accuracy of diagnosis and staging upon which planning a proper treatment. Further studies are needed to assess if this approach may also improve the outcomes and prognosis of patients with ocular cancers.