bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative microscopic and electron microscopic study of somatotropic pituitary cells in two rare mammalian species
Authors: Torgun P. M. , Ul'yanov I. A. , Alexeeva N. T. , Klochkova S. V. , Nikityuk D. B. , Ul'yanova A. V. , Lobodin K. A. , Lozovaya E. G. , Sokolov D. A. , Mozgovaya E. I. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to find out the microscopic and ultrastructural features of somatotropic endocrinocytes in two rare mammalian species in postnatal ontogenesis.Material and methods. We used material from river beavers (Castor fiber L.) and sea otters (sea beaver, Enhydra lutris), listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The collection of material was carried out in the Voronezh Reserve and on the rookeries of marine mammals on the Commander Islands (Bering Island, Medny Island). To fix the material, Shteve, Bouin, and Zenker liquids were used. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, aldehyde fuchsin according to Helmi–Dyban. The linear dimensions of cell structures were measured, the cross-sectional area of cells and their nuclei was calculated, and the nuclear cytoplasmic index was calculated. The numerical density of somatotropic endocrinocytes in the field of view was determined. For electron microscopy, pituitary specimens were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 1% osmium fixative. Sections were prepared on BS-490 and LKB-4800 ultramicrotomes. Sections were counterstained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and studied under a Tesla BS-500 electron microscope.Results. In river beavers and sea otters at the age of 6 months, compared with newborn animals, the number of somatotropic cells in the center of the pituitary gland increases by 3.46 (p<0.05) and 3.32 times (p<0.05), respectively, and in the lateral zones – 2.61 times (p<0.05) and 3.39 times (p<0.05); cell cytoplasm area – 1.96 times (p<0.05) and 1.85 times (p<0.05); the area of the nuclei – 1.48 times (p<0.05) and 1.30 times (p<0.05). In river beavers and sea otters at the age of one year, compared with six-month-old animals, an increase in the number of somatotropic cells in the center of the pituitary gland by 1.27 times (p<0.05) and 1.33 times (p<0.05) was revealed; and in the lateral zones by 1.08 times (p<0.05) and 1.02 times (p>0.05); and area of the cytoplasm of cells, respectively – 1.29 times (p<0.05) and. 1.25 times (p<0.05). The maximum indicators of secretory activity of somatotropic cells were found in river beavers and sea otters at the age of 1 year.
Neuromorphological studies at the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute in the XX century
Authors: Ivanov A. V. , Nikishina N. A. , Zatolokina M. A. , Puchkov V. I. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of research was to characterize the subject and object of scientific research by the employees of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute in the second half of the XX century and their contribution to the development of ideas about the microscopic structure of the nervous system.Material and methods. The main research methods were source study and historical genetic analysis. As sources of personal and scientific biography, we used the personal files of the employees of the department of histology and embryology, stored in the State Archive of the Kursk Region, as well as collections of their dissertations and published scientific papers from the library of Kursk State Medical University. The article shows the contribution of the representative of the scientific school A.S. Dogel, Doct. Biol. Sci., Professor Z.N. Gorbatsevich, to the formation of the neuromorphological school of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute.Results. The article shows the contribution of the representative of the scientific school A.S. Dogel, Doct. Biol. Sci., Professor Z.N. Gorbatsevich, to the formation of the neuromorphological school of the department of histology and embryology of the Kursk State Medical Institute. The results of collaboration of the staff of the department of histology and embryology with the leading neuromorphologists of our country – Professor V.M. Ugryumov, professor V.P. Kurkovsky, professor T.A. Grigorieva and Professor G.A. Koblov. The results of studying the reactions of the immune and nervous systems to the implantation of foreign bodies in the brain are shown; studies of the possibility of regeneration of nervous tissue after ischemia, blood loss and mechanical damage; the development of neuroendocrine research and research into the functions of the hypothalamus using the method of implanted electrodes.
Histoire des femmes et du genre : Pénélope aussi a une histoire!
Authors: Schmitt Pantel Pauline 
Published: May 2022

Pénélope, Nausicaa, Ariane, Sappho, Aspasie, Olympias, autant de noms de figures féminines connues qui ont longtemps servi de décor à l’histoire des Grecs sans que l’on s’interroge vraiment sur leur propre histoire. Qu’en est-il aujourd’hui ? Pour répondre je propose de suivre mon expérience, celle d’une enseignante-chercheuse à l’université en France depuis les années 1970. Cette contribution construite à partir d’un trajet personnel ne prétend pas être une synthèse sur l’enseignement et la recherche sur l’histoire des femmes et du genre en histoire ancienne, mais seulement un éclairage parmi d’autres. Elle décrit le passage d’une histoire des femmes à une histoire du genre, puis à une histoire mixte qui se développe aujourd’hui en histoire des mondes antiques, grecs et romains.
Étiquetage et Identification au Contenu des Étiquettes: Une Étude de Cas des Mineurs Délinquants Incarcérés au Cameroun
Authors: Wadji Dany Laure , Nguimfack Leonard 
Published: April 2022

L’étiquetage est une pratique comportant des relents psychologiques qui consiste à référer une personne à une image parfois dévalorisante d’elle. Il est courant et visible dans les relations entre les parents et leurs enfants derrière un langage verbal dévalorisant, des insultes amoindrissantes, des sanctions ou des tâches en fonction des représentations. L'objectif de cette recherche était de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de l'étiquetage et de son impact sur le processus d'identification des jeunes délinquants. Nous avons recruté trois détenus mineurs (âgés entre 16 à 18 ans) de la prison centrale de Bamenda au Cameroun et mené des entretiens semi-directifs. Les analyses de contenu des entretiens ont indiqué que l’étiquetage a conduit à l’acceptation de la référence à l'étiquette, une auto-valorisation de l’étiquette et plus loin la défense du parent qui étiquète. Les résultats de cette étude pourraient permettre la prise de conscience des effets de l’étiquetage sur le développement de l’enfant en Afrique sub-saharienne ainsi que le développement des stratégies d'intervention et une meilleure prise en charge des jeunes délinquants placés en institutions pénitentiaires.

Labeling is a practice with psychological overtones that involves referring a person to a sometimes degrading image of him or herself. It is common and visible in the relationships between parents and their children behind devalorising verbal language, insults, sanctions or tasks depending on the representations. The purpose of this research was to contribute to a better understanding of labeling and its impact on the identification process of young offenders. We recruited three juvenile inmates (ages 16-18) from the Bamenda Central Prison in Cameroon and conducted semi-structured interviews. Content analyses of the interviews indicated that labeling led to acceptance of reference to the label, a self-valorisation of the label, and further the defense of the labeling parent. The results of this study could help to raise awareness of the effects of labelling on child development in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as the development of intervention strategies and better care for young offenders incarcerated in prisons.
Annular Creep Barrier Evaluation and Qualification Using Ultrasonic Measurements
Authors: van Oort Eric , Thombare Akshay , Aldin Munir , Lucas Alex 
Published: May 2022

Summary
It is well-known that formations that exhibit active creep behavior under downhole conditions, such as reactive shales and mobile salts, can form annular barriers across uncemented or poorly cemented annular sections behind casing strings. Such creep barriers can simplify well abandonments, particularly in high-cost offshore environments. Evaluation and qualification of creep barriers in the field, however, have proven challenging and labor-intensive when casing is perforated, and annular rock material is pressure-tested to verify its sealing ability. This work seeks to eliminate the need for pressure testing by allowing the barrier to be qualified using only casedhole log measurements.
Sophisticated rock mechanical laboratory experiments under realistic downhole conditions were conducted to investigate the formation of creep barriers by North Sea Lark shale. The experiments evaluated barrier formation while varying annular fluid chemistry and temperature. Measurement parameters included creep rate, pressure transmission across newly formed barriers, pressure breakthrough through the newly formed barriers as well as ultrasonic responses by the shale.
It was found that the Lark/Horda shale has a distinct anisotropic ultrasonic wave velocity profile that uniquely characterizes it. This can be used to identify its presence in an annular space when contacting the casing. A main conclusion is that a Lark shale barrier can be qualified through casedhole sonic and ultrasonic logging alone without the need for pressure testing if (1) the magnitude of the wave propagation velocity of the shale behind casing can be confirmed (2077 m/s for Lark shale); (2) the characteristic velocity anisotropy profile, unique to the shale (~10.1% for Lark shale), can be verified; (3) good contact with/bonding to the casing is observed; and optionally (4) anisotropy in the time behavior of the shale contacting the pipe is observed when the barrier is stimulated artificially. If these conditions are met, then our experiments show that the barrier will have excellent hydraulic sealing ability, with a permeability of a few microdarcies at most and a breakthrough pressure that approaches the minimum horizontal effective stress value.
Additional findings are that shale heating will accelerate barrier formation but may damage the shale formation in the process. Extraordinary fast annular closure and barrier formation with evident shale rehealing was observed by using a concentrated KCl solution as pore fluid, showing the merits of barrier stimulation by chemical means. This result can be explained by considering the effect of solutes on shale hydration forces.
Using the Flowing Material Balance Model to Determine Which Wells Out of a Group of Wells belong to the Same Common Pool
Authors: Tabatabaie S. Hamed , Behmanesh Hamid , Mattar Louis 
Published: May 2022

Summary
In order to properly conduct material balance calculations, the wells must be producing from the same reservoir. Identification and grouping of wells in a common reservoir can be a challenging task.
Based on the flowing material balance (FMB), a methodology was developed that utilizes a well’s flow rate and flowing pressure history to identify which wells belong in the same reservoir, and which do not. This methodology, called the FMB model, continuously converts the flowing pressures and rates of each well into the average reservoir pressure. If these average reservoir pressure trends overlap, it indicates that the wells are in the same reservoir. If any of the trends are different, then those wells belong to different reservoirs.
The average reservoir pressure is determined in two ways. The first is from the productivity index (PI) and the flowing rates and pressures of that well. The second is from the material balance equation for the total production of the group of wells. These two average reservoir pressure trends will track over time if the well grouping is properly defined (i.e., all the wells in that grouping belong to the same reservoir), and if the correct hydrocarbon in place is used.
The FMB model can additionally be used to history match the flowing pressure of each well (using the flow rate as a control) or to match the flow rate of each well (using the flowing pressure as a control). These visual history matches increase our confidence in the interpretation of the FMB and can be used to investigate the sensitivity of magnitude of the hydrocarbons in place.
One field study consisting of three adjacent gas wells, coming on production at different times, and some of the wells not having a reliable initial pressure, illustrates clearly which wells are in the same reservoir and which ones are not, and yields the correct values of original gas in place.
Port-Opening Falloff Test: A Complementary Test to Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test
Authors: Hossain Sabbir , Dehghanpour Hassan , Ezulike Obinna , Dotson Bryan , Motealleh Siyavash 
Published: May 2022

Summary
Conventional fracture injection/falloff tests, such as minifrac or diagnostic fracture injection test (DFIT), are commonly used to characterize shale and tight reservoirs. For ultralow-permeability reservoirs, a reliable DFIT requires a long falloff period after a short injection period. A long falloff observation period of weeks or months is often not economically viable. In addition, the recent economic downturn requires operators to seek cost-effective alternatives to further optimize expenditures. An alternative to a DFIT is a port-opening falloff test (POFOT).
Many horizontal completions use a pressure-activated sleeve in the toe of the well to provide formation access after the casing integrity test. Most sleeves open at a pressure in excess of the formation breakdown pressure, after which the wellbore pressure declines toward reservoir pressure. This study first introduces the concept of the POFOT as a novel physical test. A new test method must demonstrate that it accesses the formation of interest and that the data obtained are applicable. A workflow is developed to demonstrate this and is applied to falloff data from POFOTs conducted in five horizontal wells completed in five formations. The results show that the fluid leaving the port is highly likely to break down both the cement sheath and the matrix and create a fracture which then closes. Observation of the well pressure after port opening resembles that from a DFIT. However, without a fixed-duration and constant-rate injection period, there is no accepted method to apply. Nevertheless, both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the falloff data provide a good estimation of reservoir pressure with a reasonable approximation of fracture closure when compared with the estimates from DFIT analysis from offset wells. The key challenges in parameter estimation, besides the development of an appropriate analysis method, are short falloff data and noisy early-time data due to wellbore resonance (WBR), low-resolution gauges, and change in sampling frequency.
Sevoflurane Postconditioning Inhibits Pulmonary Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT in Dog Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model
Authors: Luo Junli , Li Dongdong , Chen Song , Zhang Hong , Cai Huijun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The study aimed to investigate the protective effects and regulatory mechanism of sevoflurane postconditioning (SPC) in pulmonary apoptosis induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Twenty-four healthy dogs were divided into control (C group), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R group), sevoflurane postconditioning (SPO group) and wortmannin group (S+W group). At 10 min after the establishment of CPB, the left pulmonary artery was blocked. 2% sevoflurane was administrated when the pulmonary artery was reopened. Wortmannin was delivered for 10 min before the pulmonary artery was open. Before thoracotomy was implemented (T1), when the artery was reopened (T2) and 2 h after CPB (T3), blood and inferior lobe of left lung were isolated and subjected to gas analysis, pathological examination, western blot, and TUNEL staining. Results: No obvious changes were observed in C group throughout the experiment. The conditions of all treated groups progressively deteriorated and no difference could be found except the number of apoptotic cells of T3 between S+W and I/R group. At T2, the treated groups showed similar conditions. At T3, the lung function and structure of S group were improved than I/R and S+W group. S group showed the highest p-Akt expression, the lowest cleaved-caspase 3 expression and apoptotic cell percentage.Conclusions: Ischemia reperfusion of lung during CPB reduces lung function and injures the pulmonary structure via inducing lung apoptosis. Sevoflurane postconditioning preserves lung function and structure by alleviating apoptosis via activation of PI3K/Akt.
Paracrocinitomix mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a mangrove sediment and phylogeny of the family Cryomorphaceae revisited: proposal of two new families, Phaeocystidibacteraceae fam. nov. and Owenweeksiaceae fam. nov
Authors: Huang Zhaobin , Huang Yuanyuan , Lai Qiliang , Oren Aharon , Wang Wanpeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated GM2-3-6-6T was obtained from a mangrove sediment. Cells were light yellow-pigmented, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. Carotenoid pigment was produced. Phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain GM2-3-6-6T was affiliated to the family Crocinitomicaceae, sharing maximum sequence similarities with Crocinitomix algicola 0182T, C. catalasitica IFO 15977T, and Putridiphycobacter roseus SM1701T of 93.8%, 93.6%, and 92.5%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates and average amino acid identity (AAI) values between strain GM2-3-6-6T and the three close relatives were 68.55–68.80%, 18.50–19.20%, and 59.01–62.33%, respectively. The complete circular genome of strain GM2-3-6-6T was 4,365,762 bp in length with a DNA G + C content of 34.98%. The respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified phospholipids, one unidentified aminoglycolipid, one unidentified aminolipid and four other unidentified lipids. The major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c), and iso-C17:0 3-OH. Based on genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characterizations, strain GM2-3-6-6T represents a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Paracrocinitomix mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GM2-3-6-6T (= MCCC 1K04831T = KCTC 82931T). Additionally, phylogenomic analysis of the family Cryomorphaceae related members, including type strains and uncultivated bacteria, was performed using the Genome Taxonomic Database toolkit (GTDB-Tk). Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and genomic features, two novel families, Phaeocystidibacteraceae fam. nov. and Owenweeksiaceae fam. nov. are proposed.
Stakeholders’ visual preferences relationships of Landscape design elements in constructed wetland parks.
Authors: Omayer Hayam M. , haron ahmed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Verifying stakeholders' preference elements for public garden projects is one of the development methods in urban projects. Stakeholders' visual perceptions studies of landscape elements in Egypt are limited. The current research used a methodological approach based on a one-on-one photographic questionnaire to investigate the understanding of constructed wetland parks projects, technologies, and Landscape elements' visual perception. The questionnaire is used with different stakeholders engaged in a research project to create a newly constructed wetland park in Egypt. The research is part of a scientific project in Ten Ramadan city. It is a new city located in the northeast of Cairo. The paper highlights the importance of visual perception and preferences for landscape design elements to meet the community's needs. It clarifies that the local community needs to interact with this type of constructed wetland park in Egypt positively. Results may be used to drive community involvement policies and assist government officials, planners, designers in conserving the biodiversity of wetland parks. This paper demonstrates how the significance of landscape elements extends beyond the visual perception of the public park's design, contributing significantly to its visual dimension. Additionally, numerous aspects affecting landscape elements that can help users interact with the park elements will meet the new Egyptian cities' environmental needs associated with the hot climate and the desert nature.
Synthesis of water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) spatial pattern in rural India: an integrated interpretation of WaSH practices
Authors: Dadhich Ankita Pran , Dadhich Pran N. , Goyal Rohit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rural areas largely lack access to improved drinking water-sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) facilities in India. This requires documentation and knowledge of WaSH practices at the local level for better understanding and for sustainable development. In this paper, a global positioning system (GPS) based household survey was carried out in 67 villages of Phagi tehsil using individual questionnaires to evaluate the existing WaSH conditions spatially at the panchayat level. Three sub-indices were used for assessment and risk areas mapping with the integration of advanced computing methods. Support Vector Machine Regression (SVMR) was used to find the correlation and for predicting the WaSH conditions. Results indicate the improvement in the availability of toilet facilities due to government efforts however toilet usage is least in the study area. Data shows that only six panchayats have almost zero open defecation practices among the 32 panchayats of Phagi tehsil. The findings highlight that presence of toilets, water availability in toilets and high literacy rate could lead to an increase in toilet usage. Groundwater quality data analysis reflects the unsuitability of water for drinking purposes in the area. WaSH index scores infer that panchayats like Mandawari, Mendwas, Chandma Kalan, and Rotwara display the worst condition and fall in the high-risk category. Moreover, SVMR results reveal that WaSH scores are mainly affected by open defecation (r = 0.94) and toilet water availability (r = 0.92). The findings demonstrate that the WaSH index can be used as a monitoring tool by local policymakers to shrink the WaSH gaps.