bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAGScoT: a fast, lightweight and accurate bin-refinement tool
Authors: Rühlemann Malte Christoph , Wacker Eike Matthias , Ellinghaus David , Franke Andre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMotivationRecovery of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from shotgun metagenomic data is an important task for the comprehensive analysis of microbial communities from variable sources. Single binning tools differ in their ability to leverage specific aspects in MAG reconstruction, the use of ensemble binning refinement tools is often time consuming and computational demand increases with community complexity. We introduce MAGScoT, a fast, lightweight and accurate implementation for the reconstruction of highest-quality MAGs from the output of multiple genome-binning tools.ResultsMAGScoT outperforms popular bin-refinement solutions in terms of quality and quantity of MAGs as well as computation time and resource consumption.Availability and implementationMAGScoT is available via GitHub (https://github.com/ikmb/MAGScoT) and as an easy-to-use Docker container (https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/ikmb/magscot).Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Differences in the management of patients requiring an emergency resection for colonic cancer in two European populations
Authors: Taylor John C , Iversen Lene H , Burke Dermot , Finan Paul J , Iles Mark M , Morris Eva J A , Quirke Philip ,   YCR BCIP Study Group, Absolom K , Swinson D , Tolan D , Howell S , Alderson S , Glover A , Hindley A , Rossington H , Mara J , Boldison E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with colonic cancer who require emergency colonic cancer surgery often experience poorer outcomes compared with their elective counterparts. In this setting, several treatments approaches are available. In 2009, Danish guidelines recommended treatment with stent for obstruction in left-sided tumours as a bridge to surgery, if expertise is accessible. The aim of this study was to compare the use of elective and emergency resections for colonic cancer and postoperative mortality in two similar demographic populations.

Methods
All patients who underwent a major resection for colonic cancer, between 2005 and 2016 in Denmark and Yorkshire (UK) were identified. The proportion undergoing emergency surgery, the proportion receiving a stent procedure before their resection, and 30-day postoperative mortality were compared between the populations. Logistic regression was used to determine changes in the proportion of those undergoing emergency surgery and 30-day postoperative mortality.

Results
Out of 45 397 patients treated during the study interval, 41 880 were selected. Emergency surgery decreased in Denmark from 16.6 per cent in 2005–07 to 12.9 per cent in 2014–16, but increased in Yorkshire (13.5 per cent to 16.8 per cent). Danish patients with left-sided tumours were less likely to undergo emergency surgery (risk ratio 0.90, 95 per cent c.i. 0.82 to 0.99) and an increase in stent use coincided with a statistically significant decrease in emergency surgery in these patients. Thirty-day postoperative mortality in all resections (elective and emergency) decreased in both populations, but a larger decrease was observed in Denmark (7.7 per cent to 3.0 per cent in Denmark and 7.1 per cent to 3.3 per cent in Yorkshire).

Conclusion
Patients in Denmark experienced a reduction in the use of emergency resection and increase in stenting procedures, following the policy implemented in some departments of converting potential emergency resections into elective resections.
‘Being Invisible, They Seemed Dead Already’: Afterlives of the Dead Wife in A Passage to India
Authors: Hashmi Sania Iqbal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gail Minault has argued that the absence of Muslim women from colonial narratives on India is typically attributed to the women’s veiling practices. The colonizers contended that they couldn’t possibly write about that which they could not see. We find resonances of that outlook in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India, which, as this article will argue, is constructed upon and around the narrative invisibilization of Muslim women in general, and Dr Aziz’s dead wife in particular. Through a close reading of the dead wife’s photographic and mnemonic trace in the novel, the article shall observe how her character (or the lack thereof) emerges as the grounds upon which Aziz’s relationship is defined with the English characters. It shall then take cognisance of the dead wife’s invisibilization beyond Forster, and examine how and why her story has hitherto escaped serious critical enquiry among postcolonial (and) feminist scholars who have worked extensively on Forster’s novel. Even though Indian feminist (and) post-colonial theory has presented to us a nuanced understanding of women’s subalternity at the hands of the white and the brown man, there appears to be a widespread essentialization at play, which absorbs the lived realities of non-Hindu and non-upper caste women. With sole focus on the figure of the Indian Muslim woman in the project of decolonization, this article will examine how the principles and structures of invisibilization are perpetuated from the logic of colonial bondage to the myth of post-colonial freedom(s).
The Prognostic Value of Duke Treadmill Score in Prediction of MPI Result
Authors: El Kersh Ahmed Mokhtar , Abdo El deeb Hend Mohammed , Mohamed Yousof Abdullah Mustafa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
This study was designed to reinforce the duke treadmill score of anginas during the treadmill stress test through a comparative study between the result of SPECT MPI study and the duke treadmill score of the suspected CAD since many centers and cardiology units have no capability of MPI study and eventually, that improve the early detection and the management of the high-risk cases in the limited units.

Background
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and in our country Egypt. The diagnosis of CAD can be difficult to make. Frequently, the disease is diagnosed only after the patient has had a heart attack as symptoms of CAD range from unstable angina to no symptoms at all. Duke treadmill score (DTS) is well recognized as a simple prognostic score in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).

Patients and Methods
A retrospective review of the studies patients underwent stress treadmill test MPI between January to October 2020 were consecutively included in our study. The study was conducted in ALFA Scan Radiology Center, Cairo, Egypt.

Results
There was a highly statistically significant difference between the high risk and the other 2 groups (low & moderate) regarding the inability to continue the test. Where High-risk group showed an increased incidence of early inability to continue and there was a significant relation between the duke treadmill score and Aston summed stress score among the studied patients (P= 0.018).

Conclusion
Duke's score is valid in predicting coronary arterial disease. High-risk Duke's score patients need to be referred directly to coronary angiography for they usually have significant coronary disease. DTS can provide pre-processing guidance about revascularization for physicians before the procedure.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
Using Strategic Litigation and Universal Jurisdiction to Advance Accountability for Serious International Crimes
Authors: McGonigle Leyh Brianne 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT∞
This article addresses what the increased role of strategic litigation and universal jurisdiction for serious international crimes in domestic courts means for international criminal justice by exploring the opportunities and risks as well as implications for the field. A number of key overlapping and countervailing trends stand out: (i) a growing landscape where domestic legal systems are playing larger roles; (ii) a constantly proliferating and complex transnational network of actors – formal and informal – involved in the pursuit of accountability; and (iii) a risk of further entrenching Eurocentrism of international criminal justice resulting from the dominance of European domestic courts for the prosecution of international crimes under universal jurisdiction. The article concludes by stressing the importance of strategic litigation and universal jurisdiction and the role played by civil society in pursuing accountability for serious international crimes, and puts forward some modest recommendations for mitigating some of the identified risks.
FBBVA Lecture 2022: What Drives Wage Stagnation: Monopsony or Monopoly?
Authors: Deb Shubhdeep , Eeckhout Jan , Patel Aseem , Warren Lawrence 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wages for the vast majority of workers have stagnated since the 1980s while, productivity has grown. We investigate two coexisting explanations based on rising market power: (1) monopsony, where dominant firms exploit the limited mobility of their own workers to pay lower wages; and (2) monopoly, where dominant firms charge too high prices for what they sell, which lowers production and the demand for labor, and hence equilibrium wages economy-wide. Using establishment data from the US Census Bureau between 1997 and 2016, we find evidence of both monopoly and monopsony, where the former is rising over this period and the latter is stable. Both contribute to the decoupling of productivity and wage growth, with monopoly being the primary determinant: In 2016, monopoly accounts for 75% of wage stagnation, monopsony for 25%.
Gas accretion and ram pressure stripping of haloes in void walls
Authors: Thompson B B , Smith R , Kraljic K 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We conduct hydrodynamical cosmological zoom simulations of 14 voids to study the ability of haloes to accrete gas at different locations throughout the voids at z = 0. Measuring the relative velocity of haloes with respect to their ambient gas, we find that one-tenth of the haloes are expected to be unable to accrete external gas due to its fast flow passed them (so called ‘fast flow haloes’). These are typically located near void walls. We determine that these haloes have recently crossed the void wall and are still moving away from it. Their motion counter to that of ambient gas falling towards the void wall results in fast flows that make external gas accretion very challenging, and often cause partial gas loss via the resultant ram pressures. Using an analytical approach, we model the impact of such ram pressures on the gas inside haloes of different masses. A halo’s external gas accretion is typically cut off, with partial stripping of halo gas. For masses below a few times 109 M⊙, their halo gas is heavily truncated but not completely stripped. We identify numerous examples of haloes with a clear jelly-fish like gas morphology, indicating their surrounding gas is being swept away, cutting them off from further external accretion. These results highlight how, even in the relatively low densities of void walls, a fraction of galaxies can interact with large-scale flows in a manner that has consequences for their gas content and ability to accrete gas.
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Shi Ji-Lei , Sheng Hang , Meng Xin-Hai , Zhang Xu-Dong , Lei Dan , Sun Xiaorui , Pan Hongyi , Wang Junyang , Yu Xiqian , Wang Chunsheng , Li Yangxing , Guo Yu-Guo 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
A single-crystalline Ni-rich (SCNR) cathode with a large particle size can achieve higher energy density, and is safer, than polycrystalline counterparts. However, synthesizing large SCNR cathodes (&gt;5 μm) without compromising electrochemical performance is very challenging due to the incompatibility between Ni-rich cathodes and high temperature calcination. Herein, we introduce Vegard's Slope as a guide for rationally selecting sintering aids, and we successfully synthesize size-controlled SCNR cathodes, the largest of which can be up to 10 μm. Comprehensive theoretical calculation and experimental characterization show that sintering aids continuously migrate to the particle surface, suppress sublattice oxygen release and reduce the surface energy of the typically exposed facets, which promotes grain boundary migration and elevates calcination critical temperature. The dense SCNR cathodes, fabricated by packing of different-sized SCNR cathode particles, achieve a highest electrode press density of 3.9 g cm−3 and a highest volumetric energy density of 3000 Wh L−1. The pouch cell demonstrates a high energy density of 303 Wh kg−1, 730 Wh L−1 and 76% capacity retention after 1200 cycles. SCNR cathodes with an optimized particle size distribution can meet the requirements for both electric vehicles and portable devices. Furthermore, the principle for controlling the growth of SCNR particles can be widely applied when synthesizing other materials for Li-ion, Na-ion and K-ion batteries.
Human Monkeypox in People With HIV: Transmission, Clinical Features, and Outcome
Authors: Vivancos-Gallego María Jesús , Sánchez-Conde Matilde , Rodríguez-Domínguez Mario , Fernandez-Gonzalez Pablo , Martínez-García Laura , Garcia-Mouronte Emilio , Martínez-Sanz Javier , Moreno-Zamora Ana María , Casado Jose Luis , Ron Raquel , Galán Juan Carlos , Pérez-Elías María Jesús , Moreno Santiago 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We describe the first 25 persons with HIV diagnosed with human monkeypox virus (MPXV) in our hospital in an ongoing outbreak in Spain. Proctitis was the predominant finding in 52%, and MPXV DNA was detected in rectal swabs from 90%. Proctitis and demonstration of MPXV in rectal swabs support the sexual transmission of MPXV.
Clinical and Radiologic Factors Associated With Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Children Under 5 Years old Using Invasive and Noninvasive Sample Collection Techniques—Kenya
Authors: Smith Jonathan P , Song Rinn , McCarthy Kimberly D , Mchembere Walter , Click Eleanor S , Cain Kevin P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a critical public health concern, yet bacteriologic confirmation of TB in children is challenging. Clinical, demographic, and radiological factors associated with a positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis specimen in young children (≤5 years) are poorly understood.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study of young children with presumptive TB and examined clinical, demographic, and radiologic factors associated with invasive and noninvasive specimen collection techniques (gastric aspirate, induced sputum, nasopharyngeal aspirate, stool, and string test); up to 2 samples were taken per child, per technique. We estimated associations between these factors and a positive specimen for each technique using generalized estimating equations (GEEs) and logistic regression.

Results
A median (range) of 544 (507–566) samples were obtained for each specimen collection technique from 300 enrolled children; bacteriologic yield was low across all collection techniques (range, 1%–7% from Xpert MTB/RIF or culture), except for lymph node fine needle aspiration (29%) taken for children with cervical lymphadenopathy. Factors associated with positive M. tuberculosis samples across all techniques included prolonged lethargy (median [range] adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.1 [3.9–10.1]), history of exposure with a TB case (median [range] aOR, 6.1 [2.9–9.0]), immunologic evidence of M. tuberculosis infection (median [range] aOR, 4.6 [3.7–9.2]), large airway compression (median [range] aOR, 6.7 [4.7–9.5]), and hilar/mediastinal density (median [range] aOR, 2.9 [1.7–3.2]).

Conclusions
Identifying factors that lead to a positive M. tuberculosis specimen in very young children can inform clinical management and increase the efficiency of diagnostic testing in children being assessed for TB.
Hermann Hoffmann’s 1921 Monograph: “The Offspring of Endogenous Psychoses: Genealogical-Characterological Examinations”
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S , Klee Astrid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Five years after the publication of Rüdin’s major sibling study, Hermann Hoffmann, working with Rüdin, performed the first systematic study of the risk for dementia praecox (DP) in offspring of DP probands. Field work was limited to 3 months. Hoffmann ascertained families with at least one parent with certain DP, after Kraepelin, with children the youngest of whom were at least 30 years old. These families contained 103 offspring 30 years or older of whom 7 had definite DP and two possible DP for an estimated risk of 6.8%–8.7%. Hoffmann assessed schizoidia in these children, reporting the quite high risk figure of 47.6%. Hoffmann explored a wide range of two and three locus recessive models in his modest sample. He finds Rüdin’s two locus recessive model at the boundary of his results and then reviews three additional more complex models. The simplest is a three-locus recessive model which fits his data better. He also explores an oligogenic three locus model with risk classes of individuals with 1 to 6 risk alleles and an epistatic model where two loci form a di-recessive model for schizoidia, and the third locus is a dominant required for the expression of psychosis. Hoffman questioned whether DP was a “unit-character” appropriate for Mendelian analysis and advocated for a much larger study of offspring. His work should be appreciated in light of his enthusiastic endorsement of Nazi eugenic goals.
Bruno Schulz’s 1933 Monograph: On the Hereditary Etiology of Schizophrenia
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S , Klee Astrid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In his 1933 article, Bruno Schulz reported a follow-up and reanalysis of the schizophrenic probands and their relatives first studied by Rüdin 20 years earlier that sought to clarify whether schizophrenia was a valid “unit-character” for Mendelian genetic analysis. He proposed a range of subgroupings of probands, particularly traditional subtyping, presence or absence of identifiable causal influences, and outcome. He then compared those subgroupings in several ways, most commonly by the risk for schizophrenia in their siblings and by the level of resemblance among proband-sibling affected pairs. Of his many findings, those of greatest interest included (1) probands with possible and probable physical causes, particularly those with head trauma, had substantially lower risk of illness in siblings, (2) probands with a hebephrenic subtype had a striking elevation of risk for schizophrenia in siblings, (3) probands with psychological causes had higher rates of good outcome, (4) proband-sibling pairs resembled one another for the classical schizophrenic subtypes, and (5) an absence of any cases of schizophrenia in siblings of a small group of schizophrenic probands with birth complications, convulsions, and skull deformities. Schulz used this sample in a fundamentally different way than Rüdin. Rather than seeking for Mendelian transmission patterns, Schulz used family data to evaluate hypothesis about clinical/etiological heterogeneity, thereby presaging many subsequent family studies of psychiatric disorders. While Schulz did not claim to have proved the etiologic heterogeneity of schizophrenia, he raised important questions, still unanswered, about whether schizophrenia is a legitimate “unit-character” appropriate for genetic analysis.
Simultaneous Management of Alcohol Use Disorder and Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Elfeki Mohamed A. , Abdallah Mohamed A. , Leggio Lorenzo , Singal Ashwani K. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Management of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is rarely used in patients with liver disease. We performed a systematic review to examine the impact of AUD management among patients with liver disease.

Methods
Twenty studies fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria on 38,329 patients (7072 receiving AUD intervention) with liver disease (15 with liver disease and 6 liver transplant [LT] recipients) were analyzed. One study was common to both groups. Variable follow-up period across studies was weighted for sample size and converting to person-years. Primary outcome was alcohol use, and secondary outcomes were liver decompensation and patient mortality.

Results
Abstinence and alcohol relapse rates/person-year with AUD intervention among liver disease patients were 0.41 (0.27–0.55) and 0.42 (0.30–0.755), similar for integrated (colocated liver and addiction clinics) versus concomitant (separate hepatology and addiction clinics) intervention. Compared with standard of care, odds for decompensation with AUD intervention (n = 1), 30-day readmission (n = 1), and patient mortality (n = 2) were lower by 44%, 59%, and 58% respectively. Similar figures were 1.24 (0.86–1.80) for abstinence and 0.52 (0.24–0.14) for relapse. Among LT recipients, odds for alcohol relapse and mortality with follow-up integrated with addiction team versus hepatology alone were 0.48 (0.25–0.72) and 0.29 (0.08–0.99), respectively.

Conclusions
Follow-up of LT recipients in an integrated clinic with addiction team is associated with improved outcomes. Simultaneous management of AUD in patients with liver disease improves liver-related outcomes. Large prospective studies are needed to examine benefits of AUD intervention in patients with liver disease.
Effectiveness and Safety of iStent Infinite Trabecular Micro-Bypass for Uncontrolled Glaucoma
Authors: Sarkisian Steven R. , Grover Davinder S. , Gallardo Mark J. , Brubaker Jacob W. , Giamporcaro Jane Ellen , Hornbeak Dana M. , Katz L. Jay , Navratil Tomas ,   for the iStent infinite Study Group
Published: October 2022

Précis:
The iStent Infinite Trabecular Micro-Bypass System implanted in patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG) (uncontrolled by prior surgical or medical therapy) was effective in reducing mean diurnal intraocular pressure with a favorable safety profile.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety and effectiveness of the iStent infinite Trabecular Micro-Bypass System in patients with OAG uncontrolled by prior surgical or medical therapy.

Design:
Prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label clinical trial.

Methods:
Implantation of iStent infinite (3 iStent inject W stents) was performed as a stand-alone surgical procedure in eyes with OAG uncontrolled by prior incisional or cilioablative surgeries or maximum tolerated medical therapy (MTMT). Prospectively declared effectiveness endpoints were proportion of eyes achieving ≥20% mean diurnal intraocular pressure (MDIOP) reduction from baseline at month 12 on the same or fewer intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medication classes (responder endpoint) and mean change in MDIOP from baseline at month 12. Safety parameters included visual acuity, slit-lamp and fundus examinations, gonioscopy, perimetry, surgical complications, and adverse events.

Results:
Seventy-two eyes of 72 patients (mean age 71.9 y) with preoperative mean medicated MDIOP of 23.4±2.8 mm Hg on a mean of 3.1±0.9 IOP-lowering medication classes were enrolled: 61 eyes with failed prior surgery/ies (Failed-Surgery subgroup) and 11 eyes uncontrolled on MTMT (MTMT subgroup). A total of 76.1% of all enrolled patients met the responder endpoint (73.4% Failed-Surgery, 90.9% MTMT), with mean reduction (SE) in MDIOP at month 12 of 5.9(0.6) mm Hg [5.5(0.7) mm Hg Failed-Surgery subgroup, 8.1(0.9) mm Hg MTMT subgroup]. For patients on the same or fewer medication(s) as baseline, 53.0% achieved ≥30% MDIOP reduction without surgical interventions/other events. Safety was favorable, with no explants, infection, or device-related interventions or hypotony.

Conclusions:
iStent infinite stand-alone surgery achieved clinically significant IOP reduction and favorable safety in patients with OAG uncontrolled by prior therapy.