bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) flour as a fat mimetic in biscuits with improved physicochemical and nutritional characteristics and anti-diabetic properties
Authors: Ghufran Saeed Syed Muhammad , Ali Syed Arsalan , Ali Rashida , Sayeed Syed Asad , Mobin Lubna 
Published: May 2022

Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is a naturally rich source of several phytochemicals that play a vital role in the prevention of diseases. In the present study, the effect of bottle gourd flour (BGF) as a fat mimetic in biscuits at different concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25, and 50% w/w) was explored. Rheological properties, the microstructure of dough, bioactive compounds, anti-diabetic potential, storage stability, and the nutritional, physical, and sensory properties of samples were investigated. The addition of BGF in wheat flour (WF) showed increased water absorption (58.70–72.43%) and reduced dough stability time (11.71–5.01 min). Trough (1165.11–1096.10 Torque) and set back viscosities (471.21–448.09 Torque) decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with the increased level of BGF in WF. Furthermore, gluten content was also reduced. The baking process decreased the IC50 values, although total phenol content and total flavonoid content decreased. Shelf life study of 2 months revealed no significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference in bioactive compounds, and alpha-amylase inhibition activity of fat-replaced biscuits. Moreover, the anti-hyperglycemic activity of BGF-WF biscuits in human subjects also showed positive results. The percentage increase in both peroxide value (0.2–2.87 milliequivalent O2/kg of fat) and free fatty acid (0.1–0.9%) during storage was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower than control biscuits (0.9–5.53 mill-equivalent O2/kg of fat and 0.2–1.1%), which correlates to the enhanced activity of bioactive compounds in BGF-WF biscuits, which in turn relates to decreasing the rate of oxidation. The crude fiber and protein contents of BGF-WF biscuits were improved from 0.21 to 17.30% and 11.20 to 18.70%, respectively. Sensory and textural performance exhibited that the biscuits were acceptable after fat replacement of up to 15% BGF. Based on this study, BGF may be suggested as an excellent natural fat replacer to be used in nutraceuticals and functional foods.
Considering the effect of dustiness of a photovoltaic module surfaces on solar power generation by matlab software
Authors: Shevchenko S.Yu. , Danylchenko D.O. , Bilyk S.Yu. , Potryvai A.E. , Kovtun G.A. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose. Improving the simulation model of a solar power plant by creating a block model for accounting for dustiness of the surface of photovoltaic modules when calculating the efficiency of electric power generation by a solar power plant.
Methodology. Use of statistical data processing methods and modeling in the structure of Matlab tools.
Findings. A mathematical model was created, which made it possible to take into account the influence of dustiness of the surface of photovoltaic modules on the efficiency of electric power generation by a solar power station. The model was tested on the real object and the accuracy of modeling was proved.
Originality. The scientific novelty is to create mathematical models that describe the effect of dust on the surface of photovoltaic modules on the efficiency of solar station generation based on the Bouguer-Lambert-Behr law, the blocks of precipitation influence on dust were developed, and the rate of dust accumulation was corrected by taking into account the air humidity.
Practical value. The obtained results will help to improve the accuracy of modeling of all types of photovoltaic systems. These models can be used as the formation of commercial proposals with more accurate schedules of electric power generation, which can significantly increase the accuracy of the choice of rated capacity of equipment.
Experiencias latinoamericanas en la prevención de la suicidalidad en jóvenes y adolescentes: una revisión teórica
Authors: Rubio González Juan , Vega Álvarez Alejandra , Weishaupt Barraza Victoria , Muñoz Rocco Daniela , Ramos Thompson Gabriel 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: A nivel latinoamericano el suicidio en jóvenes y adolescente representa una problemática grave, por lo que es necesario trabajar en su prevención. En ese sentido, este trabajo presenta una revisión teórica narrativa sobre la temática.
Objetivo: Conocer las principales experiencias de prevención de la suicidalidad en jóvenes y adolescentes de Latinoamérica en los últimos 15 años.
Método: Se revisaron y analizaron 44 estudios empíricos, realizando búsquedas bibliográficas en revistas científicas indexadas en Scopus, Scielo, WoS, REDALYC y ERIH PLUS y motores de búsqueda como Google Académico y EBSCO.
Resultados: Los hallazgos obtenidos en los 44 estudios se organizaron en tres categorías: 1) diagnósticos sobre suicidalidad realizados en población juvenil y adolescente; 2) intervenciones psicoterapéuticas destinadas a tratamiento en suicidalidad; y 3) intervenciones en base a programas, estrategias y técnicas enfocadas en la prevención del suicidio juvenil y adolescente.
Discusión: Los principales diagnósticos asociados a la suicidalidad están vinculados a disfuncionalidades emocionales, donde las mujeres son las principales afectadas, la familia y el entorno surgen como principales factores protectores o de riesgo dependiendo de su funcionalidad y cohesión. Además, las intervenciones más valoradas están asociadas a los modelos clásicos de psicoterapia y las estrategias psicoeducativas aparecen como los principales focos de los programas preventivos.
Conclusión: Por la multifactoriedad del fenómeno, se debería realizar un cambio paradigmal en el enfrentamiento de la suicidalidad.
Variant anatomy of the sigmoid branches of the inferior mesenteric artery
Authors: Gaivoronskii I. V. , Bykov P. M. , Gaivoronskaya M. G. , Sinenchenko G. I. , Goryacheva I. A. , Nichiporuk G. I. , Verdiev N. D. 
Published: May 2022

Currently, the growing interest in the structure of the vascular stream of the colon is due to the rapid development of abdominal and colorectal surgery.The aim of research was to study the variant anatomy of the sigmoid branches of the inferior mesenteric artery in men and women.Material and methods. The study included findings of multi-slice spiral computed tomography; a total of 2300 computed tomograms of adults aged 25 to 75 years (913 men and 1387 women) were investigated. Variants of the architectonics of the inferior mesenteric artery were differentiated by the presence and nature of the origin of its sigmoid branches, for which standard axial images and a series of post-processing images were used.Results. There have been identified sequential, stem and mixed types of branching of the inferior mesenteric artery. In the sequential type, the left colic and all sigmoid arteries separate from the inferior mesenteric artery; with a stem, two or more branches depart from the inferior mesenteric artery by a common vessel; in the mixed type, two left colic arteries sequentially depart from the inferior mesenteric artery. It has been proven that in both sexes the predominant type of branching of the inferior mesenteric artery is the stem: in men it is noted in 62% of cases, in women – in 63%, the mixed type of branching of the inferior mesenteric artery is the rarest, noted only in 2.4% of cases.Conclusion. The obtained information is of practical significance in abdominal, vascular, X-ray endovascular surgery, transplantology, coloproctology, and radiation diagnostics.
Histamine-containing lung cell structures in certain forms of secondary tuberculosis
Authors: Gimaldinova N. E. , Lyubovtseva L. A. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of research was to study the distribution of histamine in macrophages and mast cells of the lung structures in autopsy material in certain forms of secondary tuberculosis.Material and methods. The authors examined 165 cases of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis. The study included 500 histological specimens of male patients, aged 30 to 55 years, divided into 5 groups depending on the forms of secondary tuberculosis., The luminescent-histochemical method of Cross was used to determine the content of histamine in the lung structures; the specimens were further exposed to re-staining with hematoxylin and eosin.Results. Histamine-containing specific alveolar and interstitial macrophages and mast cells were detected when studying autopsy material from the lungs of "nominally healthy" people. The highest content of histamine in the lung structures of this group was recorded in interstitial macrophages. In acute focal tuberculosis, there was an increased content of histamine in intra-alveolar and interstitial macrophages, with a simultaneous decrease of this bioamine in mast cells. In fibro-focal tuberculosis, the content of histamine exceeded the control parameters in all the studied cellular lung structures, with the highest content in mast cells. In infiltrative tuberculosis, there was detected an infiltrative luminescent track from lymphocytes together with the maximum luminescence of histamine. In acute cavernous and fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis, total degranulation of mast cells was observed. The content of the studied bioamine significantly decreased in interstitial macrophages compared to the control group.Conclusion. The study of small forms of secondary tuberculosis detected an increased concentration of histamine in intra-alveolar and interstitial macrophages. Its maximum accumulation in all cellular structures was registered in the infiltrative form of tuberculosis. In destructive forms of tuberculosis, histamine was detected only in macrophages, which appeared to be the regulatory link of specific inflammation. The literature data and the results obtained allow us to report on the influence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a corpuscular antigen that causes destruction of structures that produce and metabolize neuroamines in the lungs.
Macro-microscopic anatomy of the lymphoid nodules of the urinary organs in people of different age
Authors: Klochkova S. V. , Devonaev O. T. , Alexeeva N. T. , Nikityuk D. B. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of the investigation was to study the quantitative morphometric characteristics of the lymphoid follicles in the walls of the urinary tract using the method of macro-microscopy.Material and methods. The topography, number and size of lymphoid nodules in the walls of the ureters, bladder and urethra obtained from the corpses of 142 people of different ages were studied by macro-microscopy using a binocular stereomicroscope MBS-9 after elective staining with Harris's hematoxylin. The material was taken from persons whose death was due to injuries and asphyxia, and autopsy showed no signs of pathology of the urinary organs. For statistical data processing, parametric statistics methods based on the Statistica 6.0 program were used. Statistical data processing included the calculation of arithmetic mean indicators, their errors, analysis of the amplitude of the variation series of each indicator.Results. Lymphoid nodules are permanent structures in the walls of the ureters, bladder, and urethra. The number of lymphoid structures is maximum in the 1st period of childhood. In subsequent age periods, regardless of organ affiliation, the number of lymphoid nodules decreases with age, reaching a minimum in old age. In the 1st period of childhood, the maximum values are also reached by the size indicators of lymphoid nodules, increasing in the walls of the right ureter by 5.06 times, the left ureter – by 5.22 times, the bladder – by 4.60 times, the male urethra – by 4.60 times, female urethra – 4.65 times compared with the neonatal period (p<0.05). In the future, a decrease in size is observed, which is most pronounced in old age in the walls of the female urethra. Regional (organ) differences are in a smaller number of lymphoid nodules and their size in the walls of the ureters and the maximum value of these parameters in the walls of the urethra.
Features of CD38 enzyme distribution in tryptase-positive mast cells: cytophysiological and histotopographic aspects
Authors: Atyakshin D. A. , Kostin A. A. , Shishkina V. V. , Buchwalow I. B. , Tiemann M. 
Published: May 2022

Biological significance of the CD38 molecule goes beyond its metabolic, enzymatic, and proliferative functions. Possessing the functions of both an exoenzyme and a receptor, CD38 is actively involved in the mechanisms of adhesion, migration, intercellular signaling, formation of immune synapses, and modulation of a wide range of immune and non-immune cells. However, the detection of CD38 in mast cells (MC) on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded organ sections has not been previously performed.The aim of the study was to evaluate immunohistochemically cytological and histotopographic features of CD38 distribution in MC of the skin, breast, palatine tonsils and bone marrow.Materials and methods. In accordance with the design of the experiment, the authors studied biomaterial of organs from patients with neurotrophic skin ulcers, tonsillitis, mastocytosis, breast cancer, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CD38 was detected immunohistochemically; multiplex staining technology was used to study cytotopographic patterns of the enzymes distribution in MC and to identify the features of their histotopography.Results. The possibility of immunohistochemical detection of CD38 in MC on histological sections of various organs was shown for the first time. CD38 expression was detected in a smaller part of the MC population and was characterized by wide variability from mild to pronounced levels. The content of CD38 in MC had organspecific features and also depended on the development of pathological processes in a specific tissue microenvironment.Conclusion. Multiplex immunohistochemistry technologies allow detecting CD38 expression in mast cells and studying interaction of mast cells with other CD38+-targets in tissues, developing novel ideas about the mechanisms of realization of the preformed secretome component effects in normal and pathological conditions.
Fluctuating nanofluid environments induce prebiotic RNA formation in water, which in turn catalyzes polyaromatic semiconductor deposition
Authors: de Herrera A. Greiner , Markert T. , Trixler F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Water plays an ambivalent role in basic and applied sciences: its beneficial non-toxicity and ubiquity are opposed by severe problems for physicochemical processes that are important in research and technology. In the research on the emergence of life, the so-called “water paradox” is one of the long-standing problems. It states that although water is essential to life, key chemical reactions such as the synthesis of RNA are inhibited by it. Current strategies to circumvent this paradox have low prebiotic plausibility when considering the conservative nature of evolution. Here, we report a solution to overcome the paradox in line with evolutionary conservatism. We achieved spontaneous non-enzymatic RNA formation in aqueous environments by harnessing fluctuating nanofluid conditions that alter critical properties of water. These conditions are generated in aqueous particle suspensions of varied composition – a geochemically ubiquitous and thus prebiotic highly plausible environment. We give experimental evidence for synergy between biomolecular assembly and nanofluid effects between suspended particles and demonstrate that this type of abiotic environment allows prebiotic condensation reactions towards RNA synthesis in water under stable, moderate conditions. This is consistent with the principle that evolution builds on existing pathways, as macromolecules in living cells also work with temporal nanofluid water to run biopolymerization. Beyond their high significance for prebiotic chemistry, our findings also open up a pathway to sustainable chemistry approaches in materials science and nanotechnology. We demonstrate this by biomolecular-induced catalysis of monolayer deposition from water-insoluble organic semiconductors under aqueous nanofluid conditions.
Screening of Nephropathy in Pregnant Diabetic Women
Authors: afifi ahmed nagy , Abdelsalam Hend 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents approximately 90% of these cases and affects 2–5% of all pregnancies, while pre-existing diabetes mellitus complicates 0.2% to 0.3% of pregnancies.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Microalbuminuria and diabetic nephropathy in pregnant diabetic women.Patients and Methods: the study is an observational cross-sectional study carried out at Al Zahraa University Hospital in the inpatient department of OB/GYN. One hundred pregnant women were enrolled in the study. All of them had diabetes mellitus (pre-or gestational DM) at any gestational age.Results: We found in our study that the prevalence of Microalbuminuria (incipient nephropathy) was 26 % and Macroalbuminuria (overt nephropathy) was 2 % among 100 diabetic pregnant women.Conclusion: This study concluded a high prevalence of Microalbuminuria in pregnant diabetic women. So, early screening and the active management of modifiable risk factors, particularly hyperglycemia, hypertension, and weight reduction was needed to reduce the burden of future end-stage renal disease.
Prediction of Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Shama Anika , Hossain Md. Bipul , Adhikary Apurba , Uddin K. M. Aslam , Hossain Mohammad Amzad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The thyroid gland is the key organs in the human body, secreting two hormones that help to regulate the human body's metabolism. Thyroid disease is a severe medical complaint that could developed by high TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) levels or an infection in the thyroid tissues. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are two important conditions caused by insufficient thyroid hormone production and excessive thyroid hormone production, respectively. Machine learning model can utilize for precise processing of the data that is generated from different the medical sector and could be used for building a model for the prediction of several diseases. In this study, we used a variety of machine learning algorithm to predict hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Moreover, we identified the most significant features, which can be used to detect thyroid diseases more precisely. After completing the preprocessing and feature selection steps, we applied our modified and original data to several classification models to predict thyroidism. Finally, we found Random Forest is giving the maximum score in all sectors like accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score in our dataset and Naive Bayes is performing very poorly. By analyzing the characteristics and behavior of the dataset, we can identify the most important features of the datasets. In terms of accuracy and other performance evaluation criteria, this study could advocate the use of effective classifiers and features backed by machine learning algorithms for the detection and diagnosis of thyroid disease.
Two constructed wetlands within a Mediterranean natural park immersed in an agrolandscape reduce most heavy metal water concentrations and dampen the majority of pesticide presence
Authors: Rodrigo Maria A. , Puche Eric , Carabal Nuria , Armenta Sergio , Esteve-Turrillas Francesc A. , Jiménez Javier , Juan Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The water concentrations of 12 heavy and other metals/metalloids were analysed seasonally along two horizontal-flow constructed wetlands -CWs- (Tancat Mília -TM- and Tancat l’Illa -TLI) located within the Mediterranean Albufera de València Natural Park during 2020-2021. A wide-scope screening of pesticides present in waters was also performed. The two CWs were created to improve water quality and increase biodiversity. They currently receive effluent waters from two different tertiary-treatment wastewater plants, and the water flows along the CWs before being discharged into the main lagoon and a smaller lagoon in TM and TLI, respectively. TLI manages to reduce (Mn) or maintain the concentration of most of the studied elements (Zn, Ni, Hg, Cr, Fe Cd, Cu) at the same level as outside (67%). Only Al, Pb, B and As remain at a higher concentration. TM also reduces Zn and Cu and keeps the concentration of Cr, Cd and Hg (representing 42%). Al, Pb, B and As remain at higher concentrations, as in TLI, but Ni, Fe and Mn are also at higher concentrations. Although both CWs vary in their ability to remove elements, no risks to human health or the environment have been detected due to the low metal concentration in their outlets, all of them (except Hg) below the legal limits for environmental quality in the European Union. With the detection of 71 compounds in water in each CW area (26 herbicides, 26 insecticides and 19 fungicides in TLI, and 29 herbicides, 23 insecticides and 19 fungicides in TM), we also provide evidence of the impact of pesticides, which depends on the application method (helicopter, tractor), originated from areas with high agricultural pressure (chiefly rice crops) on systems (mainly TM) created to preserve biodiversity. Nevertheless, both systems provide crucial environmental services in water quality in this agrolandscape.
Usability evaluation of mHealth Apps for the elderly: A scoping review
Authors: Wang Qiuyi , Zhou Lanshu , Liu Jing , Tian Jing , Chen Xuemei , Zhang Wei , Wang He , Zhou Wanqiong , Gao Yitian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Usability is a key factor affecting the acceptance of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) for the elderly, but traditional usability evaluation methods may not be suitable for use in this population because of aging barriers. The objectives of this study were to identify, explore, and summarize the current state of the literature on the usability evaluation of mHealth apps for older adults and to incorporate these methods into the appropriate evaluation stage. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in 10 databases. Inclusion criteria were articles focused on the usability evaluation of mHealth apps designed for older adults. The included studies were classified according to the mHealth app usability evaluation framework, and the suitability of evaluation methods for use among the elderly was analyzed. Results: Ninety-six articles met the inclusion criteria. Research activity increased steeply after 2013 (n=92). The ratios of satisfaction, learnability, operability, and understandability measures were significantly related to the different stages of evaluation (P＜0.05). The methods used for usability evaluation were questionnaire (n=68), interview (n=36), concurrent thinking aloud (n=25), performance metrics (n=25), behavioral observation log (n=14), screen recording (n=3), eye tracking (n=1), retrospective thinking aloud (n=1), and feedback log (n=1). Thirty-two studies developed their own evaluation tool to assess unique design features for the elderly. Conclusion: According to the three stages of the mHealth app usability evaluation framework, the critical measures and evaluation methods are inconsistent. Future research should focus on adapting usability evaluation methods to the elderly by improving traditional tools or introducing automated evaluation tools.