bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Gaming During COVID-19 Predicts Physical Inactivity Among Youth in Norway—A Two-Wave Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Haug Ellen , Mæland Silje , Lehmann Stine , Bjørknes Ragnhild , Fadnes Lars Thore , Sandal Gro Mjeldheim , Skogen Jens Christoffer 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundA concern for the COVID-19 measures and the potential long-term consequences the measures may have on physical inactivity and gaming among youth.ObjectivesExamine the stability and change in internet and offline gaming and the association with physical inactivity among adolescents in Norway during the pandemic.MethodsA total of 2940 youth (58% girls) aged 12–19 years participated in an online longitudinal two-wave survey during the first Norwegian national lockdown in April 2020 (t1) and in December 2020 (t2). Gaming behavior and physical activity status were assessed at both time points. Age, gender, and socioeconomic status were included as covariates.ResultsAmong boys, 41% reported gaming a lot more and 35% a little more at t1 compared to before the national lockdown. The corresponding numbers for girls were 14 and 23%, respectively. In fully adjusted analysis, a pattern of increased gaming at t1 followed by an additional increase in gaming reported at t2 was associated with physical inactivity at t1 (OR = 2.10, p &lt; 0.01) and t2 (OR = 2.45, p &lt; 0.001). Participants gaming more at t1 followed by a reduction at t2 had higher odds of inactivity at t1 (OR = 1.88, p &lt; 0.01). Youth reporting no gaming at t1 had lower odds for inactivity at this time point (OR = 0.67, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsIncreased gaming among many youths and a relationship with physical inactivity was observed during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. To counteract the negative long-term impacts of COVID-19 restrictions, public health initiatives should emphasize the facilitation of physical activity in youth and develop effective strategies to prevent problematic gaming.
A Radiative Transfer Simulator for PACE: Theory and Applications
Authors: Zhai Peng-Wang , Gao Meng , Franz Bryan A. , Werdell P. Jeremy , Ibrahim Amir , Hu Yongxiang , Chowdhary Jacek 
Published: February 2022

A radiative transfer simulator was developed to compute the synthetic data of all three instruments onboard NASA’s Plankton Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) observatory, and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The instrument suite includes the ocean color instrument (OCI), the Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter 2 (HARP2), and the Spectro-Polarimeter for Planetary Exploration 1 (SPEXone). The PACE simulator is wrapped around a monochromatic radiative transfer model based on the successive order of scattering (RTSOS), which accounts for atmosphere and ocean coupling, polarization, and gas absorption. Inelastic scattering, including Raman scattering from pure ocean water, fluorescence due to chlorophyll, and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), is also simulated. This PACE simulator can be used to explore the sensitivity of the hyperspectral and polarized reflectance of the Earth system with tunable atmosphere and ocean parameters, which include aerosol and cloud number concentration, refractive indices, and size distribution, ocean particle microphysical parameters, and solar and sensor-viewing geometry. The PACE simulator is used to study two important case studies. One is the impact of the significant uncertainty in pure ocean water absorption coefficient to the radiance field in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral region, which can be as much as 6%. The other is the influence of different amounts of brown carbon aerosols and CDOM on the polarized radiance field at TOA. The percentage variation of the radiance field due to CDOM is mostly for wavelengths smaller than 600 nm, while brown aerosols affect the whole spectrum from 350 to 890 nm, primarily due to covaried soot aerosols. Both case studies are important for aerosol and ocean color remote sensing and have not been previously reported in the literature.
Assessment of Regional Ventilation During Recruitment Maneuver by Electrical Impedance Tomography in Dogs
Authors: Ambrósio Aline Magalhães , Sanchez Ana Flávia , Pereira Marco Aurélio Amador , Andrade Felipe Silveira Rego Monteiro De , Rodrigues Renata Ramos , Vitorasso Renato de Lima , Moriya Henrique Takachi , Fantoni Denise Tabacchi 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDuring protective mechanical ventilation, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is used to monitor alveolar recruitment maneuvers as well as the distribution of regional ventilation. This technique can infer atelectasis and lung overdistention during mechanical ventilation in anesthetized patients or in the ICU. Changes in lung tissue stretching are evaluated by monitoring the electrical impedance of lung tissue with each respiratory cycle.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the distribution of regional ventilation during recruitment maneuvers based on the variables obtained in pulmonary electrical impedance tomography during protective mechanical ventilation, focusing on better lung recruitment associated with less or no overdistention.MethodsProspective clinical study using seven adult client–owned healthy dogs, weighing 25 ± 6 kg, undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or orchiectomy. The animals were anesthetized and ventilated in volume-controlled mode (7 ml.kg−1) with stepwise PEEP increases from 0 to 20 cmH2O in steps of 5 cmH2O every 5 min and then a stepwise decrease. EIT, respiratory mechanics, oxygenation, and hemodynamic variables were recorded for each PEEP step.ResultsThe results show that the regional compliance of the dependent lung significantly increased in the PEEP 10 cmH2O decrease step when compared with baseline (p &lt; 0.027), and for the nondependent lung, there was a decrease in compliance at PEEP 20 cmH2O (p = 0.039) compared with baseline. A higher level of PEEP was associated with a significant increase in silent space of the nondependent regions from the PEEP 10 cmH2O increase step (p = 0.048) until the PEEP 15 cmH2O (0.019) decrease step with the highest values at PEEP 20 cmH20 (p = 0.016), returning to baseline values thereafter. Silent space of the dependent regions did not show any significant changes. Drive pressure decreased significantly in the PEEP 10 and 5 cmH2O decrease steps (p = 0.032) accompanied by increased respiratory static compliance in the same PEEP step (p = 0.035 and 0.018, respectively).ConclusionsThe regional ventilation distribution assessed by EIT showed that the best PEEP value for recruitment maintenance, capable of decreasing areas of pulmonary atelectasis in dependent regions promoting less overinflation in nondependent areas, was from 10 to 5 cmH2O decreased steps.
Modeling Down Syndrome Myeloid Leukemia by Sequential Introduction of GATA1 and STAG2 Mutations in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells with Trisomy 21
Authors: Barwe Sonali P. , Sebastian Aimy , Sidhu Ishnoor , Kolb Edward Anders , Gopalakrishnapillai Anilkumar 
Published: February 2022

Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a high risk for acute myeloid leukemia (DS-ML). Genomic characterization of DS-ML blasts showed the presence of unique mutations in GATA1, an essential hematopoietic transcription factor, leading to the production of a truncated from of GATA1 (GATA1s). GATA1s, together with trisomy 21, is sufficient to develop a pre-leukemic condition called transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM). Approximately 30% of these cases progress into DS-ML by acquisition of additional somatic mutations in a stepwise manner. We previously developed a model for TAM by introducing disease-specific GATA1 mutation in trisomy 21-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), leading to the production of N-terminally truncated short form of GATA1 (GATA1s). In this model, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce a co-operating mutation in STAG2, a member of the cohesin complex recurrently mutated in DS-ML but not in TAM. Hematopoietic differentiation of GATA1 STAG2 double-mutant iPSC lines confirmed GATA1s expression and the loss of functional STAG2 protein, leading to enhanced production of immature megakaryocytic population compared to GATA1 mutant alone. Megakaryocyte-specific lineage expansion of the double-mutant HSPCs exhibited close resemblance to the DS-ML immunophenotype. Transcriptome analysis showed that GATA1 mutation resulted in downregulation of megakaryocytic and erythrocytic differentiation pathways and interferon α/β signaling, along with an upregulation of pathways promoting myeloid differentiation such as toll-like receptor cascade. The co-occurrence of STAG2 knockout partially reverted the expression of genes involved in myeloid differentiation, likely leading to enhanced self-renewal and promoting leukemogenesis. In conclusion, we developed a DS-ML model via hematopoietic differentiation of gene-targeted iPSCs bearing trisomy 21.
Serotonin-Related Functional Genetic Variants Affect the Occurrence of Psychiatric and Motor Adverse Events of Dopaminergic Treatment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Redenšek Sara , Blagus Tanja , Trošt Maja , Dolžan Vita 
Published: February 2022

The serotonergic system is important in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis as it can take over dopamine production after a large portion of dopaminergic neurons is lost through neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of genetic variability of serotonergic genes on the occurrence of motor complications and psychiatric adverse events (AE) due to dopaminergic treatment. We enrolled 231 patients and their clinical data were collected. Genotyping was performed for eight genetic variants. Logistic regression was used for analysis. Carriers of the HTR1A rs6295 GC genotype (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.15–5.78; p = 0.021), TPH2 rs4290270 AA genotype (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.08–7.03; p = 0.034), and at least one TPH2 rs4570625 T allele (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.00–3.44; p = 0.047) had increased risk for visual hallucinations (VH). Additionally, carriers of at least one SLC6A4 5-HTTPLR rs25531 S (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.28–0.96; p = 0.037) or at least one LG allele (OR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.14–0.97; p = 0.044) had a decreased chance for VH. Constructed haplotypes of the TPH2 showed increased risk for VH (OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.06–3.55; p = 0.032) and impulse control disorders (OR = 5.20; 95% CI = 1.86–14.50; p = 0.002). Finally, individual gene–gene interactions showed decreased odds for the development of motor AE. Our findings suggest that the serotonergic pathway may play an important role in the development of AE resulting from dopaminergic treatment.
INSPECTION OF LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURES OF THE MAIN BUILDING OF THE CANNING FACTORY
Authors: Seryh I. , Chernysheva E. , Gol'cov A. 
Published: February 2022

Within technical re-equipment of the main building of canning plant there was a need of replacement of the capacitive equipment therefore load of overlapping of the first floor increased by 40.5 tons. In this regard, a comprehensive survey of structural structures was carried out. Defects and damages detected during the examination can in the future during operation lead to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the frame elements, and therefore to physical wear of the building. Therefore, taking into account the results obtained, it was recommended to implement a set of measures to restore struc-tures that were in a limited working condition.
The check calculation of the structural structures of the first floor in the restoration room was carried out by the LIRA-CAD software complex, which is based on the method of co-engineering el-ements. When determining the forces for a monolithic beam-free plate, the most suitable loading combinations were taken into account. The most dangerous load in this case is considered to be the band load distributed over the entire span, and continuous when the pressure is distributed over the entire area of the structure. Considering the possibility of simultaneous collapse of the above column and span part of the floor, the calculation of the strength of the latter was carried out for strip de-struction.
Based on the verification calculation taking into account the current state of the mill's construc-tion structures, as well as taking into account the expected increase in the load on them associated with the installation of new technological equipment, it can be concluded that the load-bearing ca-pacity of the structures is not provided.
Reactivación de virus Herpes Simplex 1 en pacientes COVID-19 en unidades de cuidado intensivo: importancia en la evolución clínica del paciente
Authors: Villalobos Alfaro Vanessa , Villalobos Ugalde Juan Carlos , Méndez Rodriguez Karen 
Published: February 2022

El 80% de los casos de SARS-CoV-2 se presenta como una infección respiratoria no complicada o asintomática; no obstante, la enfermedad presenta un amplio espectro clínico que incluye un 15% de cuadros respiratorios severos que requieren atención médica y una mortalidad que oscila entre el 3-4% a nivel mundial. Se ha asociado la infección severa por SARS-CoV-2 con el compromiso de la respuesta inmune, lo que favorece la co-infección con otros agentes de importancia médica y con la reactivación de virus latentes principalmente de la familia Herpesviridae (Herpes simplex tipo 1 y 2), Virus Varicela Zoster, Citomegalovirus, Herpes 6. En Costa Rica no existe ningún reporte sobre la posible reactivación de Virus Herpes simplex en pacientes COVID-19 internados en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Por lo tanto, se recomienda la realización de protocolos institucionales para el adecuado y oportuno diagnóstico de estas infecciones virales y el monitoreo semanal con cargas virales de HSV-1 en muestras respiratorias de pacientes con ventilación mecánica.
Efficiency of microfiltration in disk filters with plane and volume filtration in the process of removing phytoplankton from water from surface sources
Authors: Кевбрина М.В. , Гаврилов Д.В. , Столярова Е.А. , Стрихар Ю.В. , Агарев А.М. , Климова Н.Н. 
Published: February 2022

В АО «Мосводоканал» проведены испытания автоматического самопромывного дискового ворсо-волоконного микрофильтра DynaCloth на москворецкой воде. Испытания проводились в периоды интенсивного развития фитопланктона без использования реагентов. Площадь фильтрующей поверхности фильтра составляла 0,45 м2. При расходе воды 4–8 м3/ч гидравлическая нагрузка составляла 9–18 м/ч. На промывку расходовалась вода в объеме 1,1–3,3% от расхода воды на установку в зависимости от типа фильтровальной ткани. В москворецкой речной воде в разные периоды преобладали разные виды водорослей. В целом в пик численности диатомовых водорослей снижение их концентрации при фильтровании составило не более 53%. Снижение численности зеленых водорослей в пик их развития происходило на 56–60%, сине-зеленых водорослей – на 36%. Клетки диатомовых водорослей и ценобии зеленых водорослей имеют более крупные размеры, чем сине-зеленые клетки, поэтому эффективность их задержания на фильтре была выше, чем сине-зеленых водорослей. Результаты исследований, проведенных на москворецкой воде, показали, что микрофильтрация на дисковых фильтрах с ворсо-волоконной фильтротканью может быть перспективным методом удаления фитопланктона (около 50%) из маломутных эвтрофицированных вод.
«Mosvodokanal» JSC has completed testing DynaCloth automatic self-cleaning fiber disc microfilter for the Moskva River water. The tests were carried out during the periods of intensive phytoplankton growth eliminating the use of chemicals. The filtration surface area of the filter was 0.45 m2. At 4–8 m3/h water flow rate the hydraulic load was 9–18 m/h. Wash water flow was 1.1–3.3% of the water flow in the unit depending on the type of the filter cloth. Different types of algae dominated in the Moskva River water in different periods. In general, at the peak diatom number their concentration during filtration decreased less than by 53%. The decrease in the number of green algae at the peak of their growth occurred by 56–60%, and that of blue-green algae – by 36%. Cells of diatoms and green algae coenobia are larger than blue-green cells; accordingly, the efficiency of their capture by the filter was higher than that of blue-green algae. The results of the studies carried out for the Moskva River water showed that microfiltration in disk filters with fiber filter cloth can be a promising method for removing phytoplankton (about 50%) from low-turbid eutrophicated waters.
Treatment of Partial Edentulous with Removable Partial Denture Metal Framework Combinated Thermoplastic - A Case Report
Authors: Melisa Melisa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Removable partial denture is a definitive prosthesis that has been used in dentistry for decades for the rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients. The visibility of the retentive arm in the metal denture sometimes causes esthetic problems for the patient. Therefore, aesthetic aspects should be considered to ensure patient satisfaction in dental treatment. This case report described oral rehabilitation using a combination of metal frame partial denture and thermo-plastic. A 40-year-old female patient with a history of old removable partial denture came to replace the old denture with a new one that was more aesthetic and showed no wire. The management of the patient included thorough anamnesis, extra and intra oral examinations, anatomic impression, determination of definitive treatment, preparation of rest on the abutment tooth, physiological impression, manufacturing of metal frameworks in the upper and lower jaws, determination of definitive vertical dimension, try-in denture, insertion, and control of combination of a metal frame partial denture with thermoplastic in the upper and lower jaws. The patient was satisfied with her new denture. In conclusion, the combination of a metal frame partial denture with thermoplastic can be an alternative treatment for patient who wants to replace his/her missing teeth with removable partial denture while still prioritizing aesthetic factors.Keywords: partial denture; metal frame; thermoplastic; retentive arm; aesthetics Abstrak: Gigi tiruan sebagian lepas (GTSL) ialah protesa definitif yang telah digunakan dalam bidang kedokteran gigi sejak beberapa dekade untuk rehabilitasi pasien dengan edentulus sebagian. Visibilitas lengan retentif pada GTSL kerangka logam kadang-kadang menyebabkan masalah estetis untuk pasien. Oleh karena itu aspek estetika harus dipertimbangkan untuk memastikan kepuasan pasien dalam perawatan gigi. Kami melaporkan kasus yang dilakukan tindakan rehabilitasi menggunakan kombinasi gigi tiruan sebagian kerangka logam dengan termoplastik pada seorang pasien perempuan berusia 40 tahun dengan riwayat GTSL lama. Pasien ingin mengganti dengan GTSL baru yang lebih estetis dan tidak tampak kawat. Tatalaksana pada pasien ini meliputi anamnesis yang cermat, pemeriksaan ekstra oral dan intra oral, pencetakan anatomis dan penentuan perawatan definitif, preparasi rest pada gigi abutment, pencetakan fisiologis, pembuatan kerangka logam di rahang atas dan bawah, penentuan dimensi vertikal definitif, percobaan gigi, insersi, serta kontrol kombinasi gigi tiruan sebagian kerangka logam dengan termoplastik pada rahang atas dan bawah. Pasien merasa puas akan kombinasi gigi tiruan kerangka logam dengan termoplastik. Simpulan studi ini ialah kombinasi gigi tiruan sebagian kerangka logam dengan termoplastik dapat menjadi alternatif perawatan untuk mengganti gigi yang hilang dengan GTSL serta tetap mementingkan faktor estetika.Kata kunci: gigi tiruan sebagian; kerangka logam; termoplastik; lengan retentif; estetis
Cariogenic Foods as the Cause of Dental Caries in Children
Authors: Daud Serly , Said Hariadi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Issue of dental carries which is closely related to the consumption of cariogenic food, has not only become a dental health [roblem, but has also become an avid research interest in the room of scholarly research discussion. This study aimed to present an illustration of the association between cariogenic food and the occurence of dental caries in children. This was a literature review study using a descriptive research design. The electronic data base Science Technology Index (SINTA), specifically SINTA 2 and SINTA 3, was used to collect the appropriate reviewed articles, by using the entry keywords of “karies” “caries”, “karies gigi pada anak”, “dental caries in children”, “makanan kariogenik”, and “cariogenic foods”. The results obtained seven articles fitting the topics. All articles stated that consumption of cariogenic foods including sweet food, carbohydrate-rich food, and sweet drink played an important role in the occurrence of dental caries among children. In conclusion, cariogenic food contributing to dental caries issue in children included sweet and carbohydrate foods as well as soft drinks.Keywords: dental caries; cariogenic food; children Abstrak: Isu karies gigi yang lekat kaitannya dengan konsumsi makanan kariogenik tidak hanya menjadi masalah di bidang kesehatan gigi, tetapi juga telah menjadi bahan riset menarik dalam ruang diskusi kajian ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara makanan kariogenik dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Penelusuran bahan pustaka dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan kata kunci “karies” “caries”, “karies gigi pada anak”, “dental caries in children”, “makanan kariogenik”, dan “cariogenic foods” dengan memanfaatkan basis data Science Technology Index (SINTA), khususnya SINTA 2 dan SINTA 3. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tujuh artikel yang sesuai dengan topik bahasan. Ketujuh artikel tersebut manyatakan bahwa mengonsumsi makan kariogenik yang mencakup makanan manis, berkarbohidrat maupun minuman ringan manis berandil besar tehadap kejadian karies gigi pada anak. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah makanan kariogenik yang menjadi biang masalah terjadinya karies gigi pada anak meliputi makanan manis dan berkarbohidrat serta minuman ringan.Kata kunci: karies gigi; makanan kariogenik; anak
Analysis and design considerations of coupler tuning based on improved equivalent circuit and 3D-EM simulations
Authors: Hu Tongning , Zeng Bingqian , Li Junyang , Xu Hongjie , Yang Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Power coupler is critical for the successful development of high-intensity linacs. As a main task in its design, pulsed heating affects the beam brightness, even might damage the structures on high-repetition rates. Although shaping the incident RF-pulse can reduce such risk by speeding up the field filling time, a complicated RF sub-system is inevitable. While another mechanism of reducing the filling time, which is increasing the coupling factor, presents its advantages. In this context, based on the analysis of temperature rise for a coupled cavity, the resonant frequency variations have been qualitatively investigated by improving the equivalent circuit via adopting a mutual inductance, the results have been verified by electro-magnetic (EM) codes. Moreover, by taking a waveguide-coupler with an inserted-post for instance, further EM simulations have demonstrated that the tunable coupler can achieve a balance among a proper coupling range, a small frequency offset and an acceptable field-asymmetry. The proposed analysis methods can be extended to provide preliminary guides in designing adjustable RF couplers.