bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Democratic Culture Development: Educational Factors’ Impact on Fairness Experience from High School Seniors’ Perspectives
Authors: Çekrezi Albana , Sogutlu Enriketa 
Published: March 2022

The development of a democratic political culture is one of the challenging areas in countries under democratization. The political culture of a country is nourished by the values its society shares, which are sourced from different mainsprings. Considering that fairness is one of the core values upon which democracy is founded, the way the young generation perceives and experiences this value is significant. Keeping in mind that inequalities of the society are also reflected in schools, the question if education is a sphere that mirrors fairness raises naturally. In this paper, we explore the relationship between fairness experience and education-related variables. We also investigate the total variance of fairness experience as explained by educational variables altogether and by each of them individually. The study uses a quantitative methods design and collects data through a questionnaire developed by the researchers delivered online to senior high school students from the four main educational directorates in Albania. The analysis of the data yielded a significant positive correlation between educational variables and fairness experience. It also revealed that educational variables altogether and separately can be predictors of fairness experience.

Received: 19 November 2021 / Accepted: 1 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Building Standard Levels to Assess the Level of Some Elements of Fitness Related to Health among Junior Footballers
Authors: Alghafary Nedal Ahmad , Alrahamneh Azeez Ahmad , Al Maharmeh Yaseen Ali Mahjoob , Qablan Subhi Ahmad , Abu Jamous Ibrahim Mohammad Barjas 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to build standard levels to assess the level of some elements of physical fitness related to health among the juniors of Al-Faisali Football Club Academy, as well as to identify the differences in the tests due to the variable of height, weight and age. The researcher used a set of standardized tests that have a high degree of validity and reliability to measure the physical fitness elements of the subject of the study. The sample included (123) young players registered in the academy. The study reached to build standard levels for the juniors of the Al-Faisaly Football Club Academy, as well as the results of the study showed that there are differences between the averages of tests of explosive power, agility, transitional speed and grip strength of the right and left hand due to the variables of age, height and weight, while there were no differences in the 1000m running tests and the 30-second stomach repeat test due to the study variables. The study recommends building standard levels to measure the elements of fitness for other games, specifically for juniors.

Received: 7 December 2021 / Accepted: 26 January 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Treatment of Children with Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders
Authors: Sherifi Edo , Prendi Ardita 
Published: March 2022

ADHD is one of the most common disorders described, studied and treated over the last decade. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a massive psychological problem encountered in children 2-11 years old. The purpose of this paper is the identification of attention disorders and hyperactive behaviors in children, and the main causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Identifyig therapeutic treatments used to manage attention disorders and hyperactive behavior in children is also a goal of our article. The case study and qualitative analyzes were applied to conduct this study and to achieve some objectives such as: Presentation of the main problems that children with ADHD revealed; identification of the causes and factors that cause hyperactivity; exploration of the impact of early intervention of treatment therapies; identification of the role of the psychologist in the treatment of hyperactivity disorder in children. The instruments for data collection used in the study were: Case study; vertical grille observation; interview; focus groups. The results show that the treatment of children with ADHD, with Therapy and Individual Education Plans, improved the parameters of these children such are the improvement of motor parameters, cognitive training and communication training. Therapies and Individual Education Programs (IEPs) applied to children with attention disorders and hyperactive behavior positively affects their attention span, and management of their hyperactive behavior. Medication, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychotherapy and social behavior therapy, positively affect cognitive development and social skills, reducing hyperactivity, and focusing attention of children with ADHD.

Received: 24 December 2021 / Accepted: 7 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
The Effect of Competency-Based Curricula on the Promotion of Social Values and Civic Education in the Pre-University Education: Case of Kosovo
Authors: Maliqi Muhabere , Hyseni Agim 
Published: March 2022

This study investigates teachers’ understanding of the competency-based curriculum framework. In addition, it investigates teachers’ opinions on the promotion of civic education and social values through the curricular framework, and what impediments teachers face in implementing the curriculum on the civic education subject. A questionnaire, including structured and open-ended questions, was developed and distributed to 318 teachers. Findings of this study indicated that the majority of teachers understand the curricular framework including core and subject curricula, related to civic education and social values. In addition, findings indicate there are inadequate textbooks and insufficient professional development and training of teachers. Findings also indicate that inappropriate infrastructure and adequate equipment have a negative effect on the implementation of competency-based curricula. Recommendations highlight the need for a revision of textbooks based on the curricular framework provisions and additional training of teachers on implementing the competency-based curriculum. In addition, there is a need for providing adequate working conditions for teachers. Recommendation for future research is to include other factors such as students’ performance and outcomes of the educational process.

Received: 15 November 2021 / Accepted: 20 January 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Peer Group Influence and Mass Media as Predictors of Bullying Among Students: Evidence from Delta and Edo States, Nigeria
Authors: Aidomojie J. O. , Oghounu A. E. , Akpochafo G. O. 
Published: March 2022

Peer group influence and media exposure were explored as predictors of bullying behaviour among students. Two research questions were posed and responded to, as well as two null hypotheses that were developed and tested. The study had a sample size of 1000 students chosen using the Multi-Stage Sampling Technique. A questionnaire was employed in the study as a tool. Expert opinion was used to validate the instrument. The Peer Group Influence Scale had an 82.50 per cent factor matrix, whereas the Mass Media Scale had a 73.3 per cent factor matrix and the Bullying Behaviour Scale had a 71.50 per cent factor matrix. Peer Group Influence Scale had internal consistency reliability of .87, the Mass Media Scale had internal consistency reliability of.81, and Bullying Behaviour had internal consistency reliability of .85. Multiple Regression was employed to analyse the data at a 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed a significant relationship between peer group influence, mass media, and bullying behaviour among the students. Principals and teachers in secondary schools were advised, among other things, to limit the influence of domestic violence and to foster positive and encouraging interaction among students.

Received: 23 September 2021 / Accepted: 28 January 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Federalism As a Tool for Ethnic Conflict Resolution: A Case Study of Iraq
Authors: Ababakr Amer 
Published: March 2022

Due to ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversities, there is potential for ethnic conflicts and ethnic tensions in community, but the emergence and occurrence of ethnic conflicts depend on the state's approach to managing or suppressing ethnic, linguistic, and cultural variations. Federalism is one of the most important mechanisms that governments adopt to manage ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversities. But the function of federalism in reducing ethnic conflicts is not necessarily positive, and in some cases, it has led to an escalation of ethnic conflicts. Accordingly, the central question is to examine whether federalism is a system to resolve or reduce ethnic conflicts? With an emphasis on ethnic conflicts in Iraq. The research hypothesis is that federalism, through the creation of bureaucratic structures, the development of political parties, the identification, and acceptance of cultural and linguistic commonalities, will restrict and reduce ethnic violence and conflict but not necessarily ethnic protest.

Received: 26 December 2021 / Accepted: 28 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Beyond Frank Willett: The Need for Compositional Analysis of Yoruba Art Objects
Authors: Olaleye-Otunla Olufemi Joseph , Ijisakin Eyitayo Tolulope , Ademuleya Babasehinde Augustine , Adeoye Mosobalaje Oyebamiji 
Published: March 2022

Since the pioneering efforts of Frank Willett that examine the Yoruba arts, there remains a yearning gap to holistically investigate the material contents and classification of Yoruba art objects. For proper documentation, information and placement of Yoruba arts, the need for a scientific material compositional analysis of Yoruba arts cannot be overemphasised. This discourse employs a qualitative and evaluative mode of research to emphasize the need, importance and prospects of proper scientific material investigation of Yoruba arts. The study provides information on Frank Willett, the Yoruba people, and relevant studies on the Yoruba arts. It further discusses compositional analysis through the lens of literature, art authentication, and makes a case for authenticating Yoruba art collections. Considering the elegance and importance of African arts and antiquities, the findings of this study show that the provenance of Yoruba art objects has not received adequate attention; this has consequently resulted into illegal excavation, manipulations, and trade of Yoruba art collections. The study concludes that there is utmost importance and necessity for scientific material probing of Yoruba art, if it must go beyond the point where Frank Willett stopped. Hence, the need for all African art historical scholars to prospect for scientific probing of the material contents of Yoruba arts objects.

Received: 13 January 2022 / Accepted: 28 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Un plomb inscrit de Saint-Couat-d’Aude (Aude) : des pérégrins sur le territoire de Narbonne
Authors: Aliquot Julien , Feugère Michel 
Published: March 2022

Un fragment de plaque de plomb opisthographe a été découvert dans les années mille neuf cent soixante sur le site d’une villa gallo-romaine à Saint-Couat-d’Aude (Aude), à une trentaine de kilomètres à l’ouest de Narbonne. L’objet, resté inédit jusqu’à présent, a été inscrit en latin à plusieurs reprises. Son texte le plus récent et le mieux conservé est une liste comptable en deux colonnes qui associe une série d’anthroponymes masculins à un terme abrégé commençant par un P et à des indications chiffrées. Les noms uniques des individus cités sont soit des surnoms latins banals, soit des noms celtiques assez rares. En dépit des incertitudes qui pèsent sur le rôle de leurs porteurs et sur l’usage précis de la liste, ce document enrichit le corpus épigraphique du territoire de la colonie romaine de Narbo Martius. Tout en témoignant du rôle de l’écrit au quotidien et du développement de pratiques comptables privées en milieu rural, il complète la documentation disponible sur les villae de l’arrière-pays narbonnais. Son apport le plus original est de livrer de nouvelles informations sur une catégorie de la population régionale très mal représentée dans les sources épigraphiques, celle des incolae indigènes de statut pérégrin, à une époque antérieure à leur intégration dans le corps civique de la colonie, au Haut-Empire.
Predictors of ICU Admission and Mortality in Patients with Coronavirus Disease – 2019 (COVID 19) in Community Hospitals
Authors: Pathak Vikas , Conklin Courtney 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The mortality of patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is variable and has been reported to be as high as 80%. Not much is known about the factors leading to the progression of hospitalized patients to requiring ICU care and the predictors of mortality among ICU patients. We performed univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of progression of the disease and factors associated with mortality.

Method:
Retrospective data were collected from 101 consecutive patients admitted from March, 2020 to June, 2020. Data were collected from five different community hospitals in eastern Virginia with varied demographics.

Result:
A total of 101 consecutive hospitalized patients in five community hospitals in eastern Virginia were enrolled in the study. Out of the 101 patients, 53 were admitted into the ICU for respiratory failure. Of these 53, 40 patients required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Altogether, 30 of the 53 patients admitted to the ICU died. Of these 30 patients, 25 required intubations. Of these 25 patients, one had mild, 6 moderate and 18 severe Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Patients aged 60 years and above accounted for >2/3rd of the cases in ICU.

Conclusion:
Logistic regression analysis revealed multiple factors associated with progression of disease leading to transfer into the ICU from floor and unfavorable outcome.
Therapeutic Effects of Tofacitinib on Pristane-Induced Murine Lupus
Authors: LIN Jiayi , ZHANG Yaqin , WANG Meihua , ZHANG Yang , LI Pin , CAO Yingping , YANG Xuwei 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) 1/JAK3 inhibitor, in treating murine lupus, and also explore 12 related genes downstream of JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways to find the underlying mechanism.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted between July 2017 and January 2020. Fifty-seven female BALB/c mice (aging 8 to 10 weeks old; weighing 18 to 20 g) were assigned to a saline control (SC) group and a pristane-induced lupus group. The latter included four groups, namely, pristane control (PC), tofacitinib (T), methylprednisolone (MP), and tofacitinib plus methylprednisolone (T+MP). Animal models of lupus were induced with pristane, whereas SC mice were treated with normal saline. From the 22nd week after induction, each group was given the aforementioned corresponding intervention for 11 weeks. The following variables were tested: serum concentrations of anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ); number of regulatory T (Treg) cells; messenger ribonucleic acid levels of forkhead box P3 and 12 related genes downstream of JAK-STAT pathway; and renal impairment.
Results: Red swollen joints and proteinuria were first observed in PC after the 12th week. After treatment, T, MP, and T+MP showed relieved red swollen joints and splenomegaly, as well as decreased urine protein, anti-dsDNA, IL-6, IFN-γ, Treg cells, pathological scores, and hyperplasia of mesangial matrix in glomeruli compared with PC. The IFN regulatory factor 7 level was higher in T+MP (p0.05) and MP (p>0.05) than in PC after treatment. The expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 was lower in T (p>0.05), T+MP (p0.05) than in PC. The SOCS3 level was higher in T (p>0.05) and T+MP (p0.05) than in PC.
Conclusion: Tofacitinib can ameliorate glomerulonephritis and arthritis in a pristane-induced murine model of lupus. SOCS3 gene may be involved in the therapeutic mechanism of tofacitinib.
CD14+ monocytes and soluble CD14 of synovial fluid are associated with osteoarthritis progression
Authors: Lee Ha-Reum , Lee Sunyoung , Yoo In Seol , Yoo Su-Jin , Kwon Mi-Hye , Joung Chung-il , Park Ji Ah , Wook Kang Seong , Kim Jinhyun 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) expressed monocytes and soluble CD14-mediated pathway in the synovial inflammation of knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Patients and methods: Between May 2012 and July 2013, a total of 35 patients with knee OA (9 males, 26 females; mean age: 66.3±8.8 years; range, 52 to 79 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Synovial fluid was obtained from knee joints of 35 OA patients. The CD14+ monocytes from synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) were isolated using the MACS. The fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) isolated from knee joint tissue were incubated with recombinant CD14 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. Cytokine profiling was performed with the Luminex® Performance Assay or magnetic bead panel kit. The expression of CD14 and CD16 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.
Results: The concentration of sCD14 in synovial fluid was correlated with the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level (n=35) (ρ=0.654, p<0.001). The culture supernatants of CD14+ monocytes isolated from SFMC (n=15) showed a correlation between sCD14 and IL-6 (ρ=0.784, p=0.001), along with complement component 3 (ρ=0.756, p=0.010), IL-1b (ρ=0.652, p=0.012), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (ρ=0.806, p=0.001). Following recombinant CD14 and LPS treatment, OA FLS synergistically enhanced the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (n=3, p<0.05). In five paired-samples from identical patients, the proportions of CD14+ monocytes were significantly elevated in recurred synovial fluid compared to those in initial synovial fluid (p=0.043). When monocyte subsets were analyzed in SFMC (n=26), CD14+CD16+monocytes were abundant (p=0.019) and had higher toll-like receptor 4 expression than CD14+CD16- (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our study results suggest that CD14+ monocytes and the sCD14-mediated pathway play an important role in OA aggravation through inflammatory cytokine secretion.
Demographic, clinical, laboratory data, prognostic, and treatment features of patients with antisynthetase syndrome: An international, two-center cohort study
Authors: Da Silva Lila Morena Bueno , Rathore Upendra , Agarwal Vikas , Gupta Latika , Katsuyuki Shinjo Samuel 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To compare clinical, demographic, laboratory data, prognostic and treatment characteristics of patients with antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) treated in two different centers of India and Brazil.
Patients and methods: This international, two-center, retro-prospective cohort study which was conducted at two tertiary rheumatology centers (one in Brazil and one in India) between January 2000 to January 2020 included a total of 115 patients with ASSD (21 males, 94 females; mean age; at disease diagnosis at 40.3; range, 18 to 80 years). Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded. Clinical involvement was evaluated.
Results: Of the patients, 81 were Brazilians and 34 were of Indian origin. The Indian group exhibited a greater delay in diagnosis after the onset of symptoms compared to Brazilian patients (12 vs. 6 months, respectively; p=0.026). Brazilian patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of joint and lung involvement, mechanic’s hands, and Raynaud’s phenomenon. Anti-Jo-1 was the most common autoantibodies in both groups. Systemic arterial hypertension, followed by diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent comorbidities. Concerning previously used drugs, the Indian patients had a larger group of patients treated with antimalarials, whereas the Brazilian group used more azathioprine and intravenous immunoglobulin. A higher proportion of Indian patients was treated with one immunosuppressive drug (70.6%), while the Brazilian group were often treated using two immunosuppressive drugs (33%). Comparison between the severity and prognosis showed that Brazilian group had a higher number of relapses, and during follow-up, the global mortality rates were similar in both groups (6.2% for Brazilian vs. 8.8% for Indian).
Conclusion: Brazilian and Indian patients with ASSD have comparable epidemiological characteristics such as age at the time of disease diagnosis, and sex distribution, and autoantibodies. Diagnostic delay is seen in Indian patients, and Brazilians exhibit a higher prevalence of joint and lung involvement, mechanic’s hands, Raynaud’s phenomenon with a higher number of relapses, although the mortality rate seems to be similar in both groups.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Budaya dengan Terapi Uap Panas (Peusale) Pada Ibu Nifas di Kecamatan Lhoknga Kabupaten Aceh Besar Tahun 2021
Authors: Kurniawati Putri 
Published: March 2022

Back ground data obtained from the lhoknga publik helth center in 2018 AKI 0f 453 people and IMR of 4 people, in 2019 AKI of 8 people in 2020 AKI of 11 people in IMR of 2 people a total of 480 pospartum care is on effort mode by midwives, pospartum mothers and famillies with the aim that the nutritional needs of postpartum mothers are fulfillid, personal hygiene is maintained. Research objectives to dermine the relationship between knaowledge and the influence of cultur with hot steam therapy (peusale) on postpartum mothers in lhoknga district, aceh besar regency 2021. This research method used the method the analytikal cross sectional approach wich was carried out on september 14-19-2021 was carried out in the lhoknga sub-district. The population in this study was all 31 postpartum mothers. Sampling using total sampling data analysis using univariatee and bivariate analysis with the chi-squer test method showed a p-value of 0.000 0.05 research results. The results of statistical resets wit chi-squer test showed a p-value of 0.000<0.05, meaning that there was an influence of knowledge with peusale steam therapy culture. Besed on the chi-squer thes table shows a p-value of 0.001<0.05, there is an influence between culture and steam therapy for postpartum mothers in lhoknga district, aceh besar district