bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditional distributions of frame variables and voting behaviour in probability‐based surveys and opt‐in panels
Authors: Pekari Nicolas , Lipps Oliver , Roberts Caroline , Lutz Georg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProbability‐based web surveys are increasingly challenged by decreasing response rates and high costs. A cheap and convenient solution is to use ‘opt‐in’ online panels, which are based on non‐probability samples. However, the quality of the data such panels produce is subject to debate. To improve our understanding in this regard, especially in the Swiss context, we compare conditional distributions of sociodemographic variables and voting behaviour of two probability‐based web surveys and three opt‐in panels. Indeed, point estimates in opt‐in panels are well studied, but bivariate relationships between variables, arguably more important for researchers in political science research, have received less attention. Our analysis has the advantage of most variables of interest being included in the sampling frame and thus the true values are known for each conditional distribution. Our results show a lack of consistency and reproducibility in the results from opt‐in panels, which leads us to recommend care when using this type of data.
A discrete truncated Zipf distribution
Authors: Boamah‐Addo Kwame , Kozubowski Tomasz J. , Panorska Anna K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe provide a comprehensive account of fundamental properties of a truncated discrete Zipf distribution, complementing the results available in the literature. In particular, we obtain results on existence and uniqueness of maximum likelihood parameter estimators and propose new testing methodology for the shape parameter. We also include data examples illustrating applicability of this stochastic model.
Nutrition management of critically ill adult patients requiring non-invasive ventilation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Viner Smith Elizabeth , Ridley Emma J. , Rayner Christopher K. , Chapple Lee-anne S. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This scoping review will identify the current available literature and key concepts in the nutrition management of critically ill adult patients requiring non-invasive ventilation.

Introduction:
Current international nutrition guidelines include recommendations for the nutrition management of critically ill patients who are receiving invasive mechanical ventilation; however, these guidelines do not address nutrition management of patients receiving non-invasive ventilation. This scoping review aims to explore and describe the existing available literature on the nutrition management of critically ill adults requiring non-invasive ventilation.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider original research (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods studies) reporting on any nutrition parameter for critically ill adult patients (≥16 years) requiring non-invasive ventilation in the intensive care unit. Concepts of interest based on the general intensive care nutrition literature include route of nutrition, recommendations related to macro- or micro-nutrients, nutrition provision, barriers to nutrition provision, and strategies for nutrition management.

Methods:
This review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews using a three-step search strategy. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science will be searched to obtain original research available in English and published after 1990. Google Scholar will be searched for gray literature. Duplicates will be removed and studies will be selected by two independent reviewers based on the inclusion criteria. The same two reviewers will extract data in duplicate using a data extraction tool. Any disagreements will be resolved via consensus with a third reviewer. Data extraction will be synthesized in tabular and diagrammatic format.
Modeling and Analysis of a Novel Offshore Binary Species Free-Floating Longline Macroalgal Farming System
Authors: Chen Ming , Yim Solomon C. , Cox Daniel T. , Yang Zhaoqing , Huesemann Michael H. , Mumford Thomas F. , Wang Taiping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The investigation of innovative macroalgal cultivation is important and needed to optimize farming operations, increase biomass production, reduce the impact on the ecosystem, and lower system and operational costs. However, most macroalgal farming systems (MFSs) are stationary, which need to occupy a substantial coastal area, require extensive investment in farm infrastructure, and cost high fertilizer and anchoring expenses. This study aims to model, analyze, and support a novel binary species free-floating longline macroalgal cultivation concept. The expected outcomes could provide a basis for the design and application of the novel MFS to improve biomass production, decrease costs, and reduce the impact on the local ecosystem. In this paper, Saccharina latissima and Nereocystis luetkeana were modeled and validated, and coupled with longline to simulate the binary species MFS free float in various growth periods and associated locations along the US west coast. The numerical predictions indicated the possibility of failure on the longline and breakage at the kelp holdfasts is low. However, the large forces due to an instantaneous change in dynamic loads caused by loss of hydrostatic buoyancy when the longline stretches out of the water would damage the kelps. Buoy-longline contact interactions could damage the buoy, resulting in the loss of the system by sinking. Furthermore, the kelp-longline and kelp-kelp entanglements could potentially cause kelp damage.
Optimization of Band Gaps in Rotors With Longitudinal Periodicity and Quasi-Periodicity
Authors: Bueno Lamas Patrick , Nicoletti Rodrigo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Structures with inertia periodicity present the phenomenon of band gap formation, i.e., the appearance of regions in the frequency spectrum with a higher modal spacing and lower vibration response. Rotating machines can also present such phenomenon when their working elements are mounted periodically along the shaft (longitudinal periodicity). In the present work, this phenomenon in rotating machines is reviewed, and it is shown that band gaps can be moved toward desired locations in the frequency spectrum by mounting the working elements at optimized positions along the shaft. For that, a mathematical model of the rotating machine is correlated to experimental results, and the model is used to optimize the position of the working elements (disks) in the rotor. The optimized rotor is then experimentally tested, and the resultant band gap is measured. The obtained experimental results show that one can indeed tailor the band gaps and move them toward higher or lower frequencies as desired without changing the inertia of the working elements.
Reducing Geometric Uncertainty in Computational Hemodynamics by Deep Learning-Assisted Parallel-Chain MCMC
Authors: Du Pan , Wang Jian-Xun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Computational hemodynamic modeling has been widely used in cardiovascular research and healthcare. However, the reliability of model predictions is largely dependent on the uncertainties of modeling parameters and boundary conditions, which should be carefully quantified and further reduced with available measurements. In this work, we focus on propagating and reducing the uncertainty of vascular geometries within a Bayesian framework. A novel deep learning (DL)-assisted parallel Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is presented to enable efficient Bayesian posterior sampling and geometric uncertainty reduction. A DL model is built to approximate the geometry-to-hemodynamic map, which is trained actively using online data collected from parallel MCMC chains and utilized for early rejection of unlikely proposals to facilitate convergence with less expensive full-order model evaluations. Numerical studies on two-dimensional aortic flows are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and merit of the proposed method.
Designing for Cross-Cutting Skill Development and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in a Foundational Kinesiology Course
Authors: Gross M. Melissa , Marquardt Kairos , Hasson Rebecca E. , Vesia Michael , King Anthony R. , Bodary Peter F. 
Published: September 2022

Pedagogical strategies continue to improve and evolve with the primary purpose of preparing learners for life and career challenges. The focus on discipline-specific content and individual assessment has dominated higher education practice, including those in kinesiology. Although there is a clear vision to enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion in kinesiology curricula, we also need to improve important foundational skills (e.g., quantitative literacy, information literacy, teamwork skills) that our students need to succeed in our programs and beyond. Our narrative review highlights how we tackled these two challenges in an intentional redesign of our foundational kinesiology course. In addition, we outline how we integrated our siloed content and moved to coinstruction of a large, team-based-learning class that employs a diverse set of learning assessments and is supported by near-peer learning assistants.
Vitamin D status: a U-shaped relationship for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in UK healthcare workers
Authors: Lugg Sebastian T , Mackay William R , Faniyi Aduragbemi A , Faustini Sian E , Webster Craig , Duffy Joanne E , Hewison Martin , Shields Adrian M , Parekh Dhruv , Richter Alex G , Scott Aaron , Thickett David R 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that vitamin D (VD) deficiency may increase individuals’ risk of COVID-19 infection and susceptibility. We aimed to determine the relationship between VD deficiency and sufficiency and COVID-19 seropositivity within healthcare workers.MethodsThe study included an observational cohort of healthcare workers who isolated due to COVID-19 symptoms from 12 May to 22 May 2020, from the University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust. Data collected included SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion status, serum 25(OH)D3levels, age, body mass index (BMI), sex, ethnicity, job role and comorbidities. Participants were grouped into four VD categories: (1) Severe VD deficiency (VD<30 nmol/L); (2) VD deficiency (30 nmol/L ≤VD<50 nmol/L); (3) VD insufficiency (50 nmol/L ≤VD<75 nmol/L); (4) VD sufficiency (VD≥75 nmol/L).ResultsWhen VD levels were compared against COVID-19 seropositivity rate, a U-shaped curve was identified. This trend repeated when participants were split into subgroups of age, sex, ethnicity, BMI and comorbidity status. Significant difference was identified in the COVID-19 seropositivity rate between VD groups in the total population and between groups of men and women; black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) group; BMI<30 (kg/m2); 0 and +1 comorbidities; the majority of which were differences when the severely VD deficient category were compared with the other groups. A larger proportion of those within the BAME group (vs white ethnicity) were severely VD deficient (p<0.00001). A larger proportion of the 0 comorbidity subgroup were VD deficient in comparison to the 1+ comorbidity subgroup (p=0.046).ConclusionsOur study has shown a U-shaped relationship for COVID-19 seropositivity in UK healthcare workers. Further investigation is required to determine whether high VD levels can have a detrimental effect on susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Future randomised clinical trials of VD supplementation could potentially identify ‘optimal’ VD levels, allowing for targeted therapeutic treatment for those at risk.
Research protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of shockwave therapy, photobiomodulation and physical therapy in the management of non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy in runners: a randomised control trial with elective cross-over design
Authors: Tenforde Adam S , Vogel Katie E L , Tam Joshua , Silbernagel Karin Grävare 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAchilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common overuse injury in runners. While the mainstay of treatment for AT is tendon loading exercises (physical therapy and exercise programme (EXER)), some patients have refractory symptoms. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) have each been evaluated to facilitate tendon healing; the influence of combining treatments is unknown and limited studies have been completed in runners. This randomised control study, with an elective cross-over at 3 months, will evaluate the efficacy of three forms of treatment of non-insertional AT: (1) EXER (loading programme specific to Achilles tendon combined with physical therapy); (2) EXER and ESWT; (3) EXER, ESWT and PBMT. Sixty runners will be assigned using block randomisation into one of three treatment groups (n=20). After 3 months, each participant may elect a different treatment than previously assigned and will be followed for an additional 3 months. The EXER Achilles loading programme will be standardised using the Silbernagel at-home programme. The primary outcome of interest is treatment group responses using the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment—Achilles (VISA-A) Score. Secondary outcomes include the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System—29 questions, the University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index, heel raise to fatigue test, hopping test and ultrasound measurements. We will also capture patient preference and satisfaction with treatment. We hypothesise that the cohorts assigned EXER+ESWT+PBMT and EXER+ESWT will see greater improvements in VISA-A than the EXER cohort, and the largest gains are anticipated in combining ESWT+PBMT. The elective cross-over phase will be an exploratory study and will inform us whether patient preference for treatment will impact the treatment response.Trial registration numberNCT04725513.
Satisfaction with telemedicine-delivered inflammatory bowel disease care depends on disease activity, personality and economic factors
Authors: Storan Darragh , Lavelle Joseph , Burke Anne-Marie , Hamzawi Mary , Brett-Kilmurray Orna , De Dominicis Noemi , McHugh Louise , Mulcahy Hugh E 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivePatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) traditionally receive follow-up care at face-to-face outpatient clinics. During the COVID-19 pandemic, gastroenterology societies recommended IBD clinics to be carried out remotely where possible using telephone or telemedicine-delivered virtual clinics. Previous studies have demonstrated patient satisfaction with virtual clinics but few studies have examined factors that impact satisfaction or assessed patient’s personal perception of the virtual clinic experience.Design/methodPatients who had their IBD clinic appointment changed from face-to-face to telephone virtual clinic completed a questionnaire relating to their clinical experience and preference for future care. Qualitative data were also collected and evaluated using content analysis to identify major themes associated with the patient experience.Results141 patients were included for analysis. The virtual clinic satisfaction questionnaire was found to be valid while patients expressed high-satisfaction levels with virtual clinics (median satisfaction score 18, range 0–20). Multivariate analysis identified open personality type (p=0.004), short disease duration (p=0.047) and higher cost to attend clinic (p=0.047) as predictors of high-satisfaction levels, with active disease (p=0.035) and an agreeable personality type (p=0.042) associated with low satisfaction levels. Content analysis of the qualitative data identified three major themes connected to virtual clinic convenience, lack of physical interaction and disease activity.ConclusionPatients expressed high levels of satisfaction with telemedicine-delivered IBD clinics, with most wishing to continue their use. Personality type should be recognised as an important variable affecting clinical satisfaction, in addition to socioeconomic and disease-related factors.
Handgrip strength and the risk of major depressive disorder: a two-sample
Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Li Nanxi , Zhou Rui , Zhang Bin 
Published: September 2022

Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disease and
a leading cause of disability worldwide. Handgrip strength (HGS) as an
objective physical fitness test is a practical index for identifying
many diseases. Previous studies drew different conclusions about the
relationship between HGS and MDD.

Aims
We aim to explore whether HGS has an effect on the risk of
MDD.

Methods
HGS-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by a
genome-wide association study were used as instrumental variables in
this Mendelian randomisation (MR) study. Summary data on MDD were
obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Four methods were
applied, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted
median and weighted mode. Additional sensitivity analyses, including
leave-one-out, heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test and confounders
identification, were conducted to test the robustness of our
results.

Results
Each 1 kg increase in left HGS is associated with a 21.95%
reduction in the risk of MDD (OR IVW = 0.781,
95% CI: 0.650 to 0.937, p=0.009), while no significant correlation
exists in the estimation of right HGS (p=0.146). Sensitivity analyses
demonstrated statistical significance (β IVW =
−0.195, p=0.023) after excluding some genetic loci that cause
pleiotropy.

Conclusions
Increased left HGS is associated with a reduced risk of MDD. In the
future, it may be used as an index for the clinical screening,
observation and treatment of MDD.
CARD9 in neutrophils protects from colitis and controls mitochondrial metabolism and cell survival
Authors: Danne Camille , Michaudel Chloé , Skerniskyte Jurate , Planchais Julien , Magniez Aurélie , Agus Allison , Michel Marie-Laure , Lamas Bruno , Da Costa Gregory , Spatz Madeleine , Oeuvray Cyriane , Galbert Chloé , Poirier Maxime , Wang Yazhou , Lapière Alexia , Rolhion Nathalie , Ledent Tatiana , Pionneau Cédric , Chardonnet Solenne , Bellvert Floriant , Cahoreau Edern , Rocher Amandine , Arguello Rafael Rose , Peyssonnaux Carole , Louis Sabine , Richard Mathias L , Langella Philippe , El-Benna Jamel , Marteyn Benoit , Sokol Harry 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from a combination of genetic predisposition, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and environmental factors, leading to alterations in the gastrointestinal immune response and chronic inflammation. Caspase recruitment domain 9 (Card9), one of the IBD susceptibility genes, has been shown to protect against intestinal inflammation and fungal infection. However, the cell types and mechanisms involved in the CARD9 protective role against inflammation remain unknown.DesignWe used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced and adoptive transfer colitis models in total and conditional CARD9 knock-out mice to uncover which cell types play a role in the CARD9 protective phenotype. The impact ofCard9deletion on neutrophil function was assessed by an in vivo model of fungal infection and various functional assays, including endpoint dilution assay, apoptosis assay by flow cytometry, proteomics and real-time bioenergetic profile analysis (Seahorse).ResultsLymphocytes are not intrinsically involved in the CARD9 protective role against colitis. CARD9 expression in neutrophils, but not in epithelial or CD11c+cells, protects against DSS-induced colitis. In the absence of CARD9, mitochondrial dysfunction increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production leading to the premature death of neutrophilsthrough apoptosis, especially in oxidative environment. The decreased functional neutrophils in tissues might explain the impaired containment of fungi and increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation.ConclusionThese results provide new insight into the role of CARD9 in neutrophil mitochondrial function and its involvement in intestinal inflammation, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophils.
GD2-targeting CAR-T cells enhanced by transgenic IL-15 expression are an effective and clinically feasible therapy for glioblastoma
Authors: Gargett Tessa , Ebert Lisa M , Truong Nga T H , Kollis Paris M , Sedivakova Kristyna , Yu Wenbo , Yeo Erica C F , Wittwer Nicole L , Gliddon Briony L , Tea Melinda N , Ormsby Rebecca , Poonnoose Santosh , Nowicki Jake , Vittorio Orazio , Ziegler David S , Pitson Stuart M , Brown Michael P 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAggressive primary brain tumors such as glioblastoma are uniquely challenging to treat. The intracranial location poses barriers to therapy, and the potential for severe toxicity. Effective treatments for primary brain tumors are limited, and 5-year survival rates remain poor. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has transformed treatment of some other cancers but has yet to significantly benefit patients with glioblastoma. Early phase trials of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in patients with glioblastoma have demonstrated that this approach is safe and feasible, but with limited evidence of its effectiveness. The choices of appropriate target antigens for CAR-T-cell therapy also remain limited.MethodsWe profiled an extensive biobank of patients’ biopsy tissues and patient-derived early passage glioma neural stem cell lines for GD2 expression using immunomicroscopy and flow cytometry. We then employed an approved clinical manufacturing process to make CAR- T cells from patients with peripheral blood of glioblastoma and diffuse midline glioma and characterized their phenotype and function in vitro. Finally, we tested intravenously administered CAR-T cells in an aggressive intracranial xenograft model of glioblastoma and used multicolor flow cytometry, multicolor whole-tissue immunofluorescence and next-generation RNA sequencing to uncover markers associated with effective tumor control.ResultsHere we show that the tumor-associated antigen GD2 is highly and consistently expressed in primary glioblastoma tissue removed at surgery. Moreover, despite patients with glioblastoma having perturbations in their immune system, highly functional GD2-specific CAR-T cells can be produced from their peripheral T cells using an approved clinical manufacturing process. Finally, after intravenous administration, GD2-CAR-T cells effectively infiltrated the brain and controlled tumor growth in an aggressive orthotopic xenograft model of glioblastoma. Tumor control was further improved using CAR-T cells manufactured with a clinical retroviral vector encoding an interleukin-15 transgene alongside the GD2-specific CAR. These CAR-T cells achieved a striking 50% complete response rate by bioluminescence imaging in established intracranial tumors.ConclusionsTargeting GD2 using a clinically deployed CAR-T-cell therapy has a sound scientific and clinical rationale as a treatment for glioblastoma and other aggressive primary brain tumors.