bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMPLEO, INVERSIÓN Y DESIGUALDAD SOCIOECONÓMICA… AQUÍ Y AHORA
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-MONTEMAYOR Francisco Javier 
Published: February 2025

En el artículo se explicarán las formas en que el comportamiento del empleo, la inversión y la educación impactan en la estructura socioeconómica, generando bienestar y desigualdad social en diferentes dimensiones.
Se analizan las características del crecimiento de la desigualdad socioeconómica con base en el efecto condicionante de la cantidad y calidad del empleo, particularmente en su dinámica en torno a los ciclos económicos y en un contexto de intranquilidad y violencia que ha caracterizado a gran parte de nuestro territorio en los primeros quince años del siglo XXI.
Se aborda este problema social desde un enfoque de conjunto, y desciende el análisis a nivel nacional, para en su diversidad interna distinguir el caso de Tamaulipas, revelando la información más reciente que nos ofrecen la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social (STPS) y el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (Coneval) al respecto de este tema.
Innovations in the Profession-Oriented Training of Would-be Philologists: Eurasian Dimension
Authors: Popova Oleksandra Volodymyrivna , Morhun Oleksandra 
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the issues related to innovations in the profession-oriented training of would-be translators. The purpose of the research is to analyse the innovative set of educational tools enabling the improvement of the learning outcomes within the training of would-be orientalists. The tasks are: 1) to outline the paradigm of innovations in the system of higher education; 2) to specify innovative technologies contributing to the improvement of the methodological basis for training would-be orientalists; 3) to elaborate assessment criteria for would-be orientalists’ learning outcomes. Some vectors of innovative tools in the sphere of education have been considered: IT in the system of education (personalization, adaptive learning platform, augmented and virtual reality, etc.); innovative technologies in the practice of training future translators/interpreters and foreign language teachers (artificial intelligence, gamification in language learning, applications for learning foreign languages, etc.). Criteria improvement expectancy while using innovative technologies (personalization, adaptive learning, interactive conversations, gamification) has been presented in two similar questionnaires intended for students and teaching staff. The obtained data confirm that the most and least important issues focused by the students and instructors coincided. The research conducted enabled the author to draw certain conclusions which confirm the fact that the instructors keep to the student-centred approach and understand the necessity of applying innovative (AI-driven) technologies without neglecting the teacher’s role in the educational process.
How Conservative Is the Morphology of Hachijō?
A Few Comparative Reflections on the rentaikei/shūshikei Distinction in Japonic Languages
Authors: Baudel Étienne 
Published: February 2025

The opposition between ‘adnominal’ (rentaikei 連体形) and ‘final’ (shūshikei 終止形) forms of verbs and adjectives is one of the most-commented features of the Hachijō language, as it is considered both a remarkable archaism and a possible argument towards its classification within the Japonic language family. This article is dedicated to a description of this opposition in Hachijō, in comparison with other Japonic languages, and especially with Eastern Old Japanese.
Transitions in Education and Peacebuilding across Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kasumagić-Kafedžić Larisa , Clarke-Habibi Sara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Since the end of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, scholars have extensively commented on the country’s political (dis)engagements with peacebuilding, including in the education sector. This article explores in detail how the country’s transitions have underpinned exclusive, multilayered and divergent trajectories in BiH’s collective experience. Particular attention is given to fundamental changes in education associated with political-ideological transitions, structural and policy shifts, and socio-cultural adaptations, which have all created new paths, challenges and opportunities for the development of peace pedagogies across the curriculum and in various spheres of formal education. The article highlights deeper aspects of education including methodological questions in pedagogy by examining the role of power, agency, social values, ideology, culture and authority and by reaffirming the notion that education is never politically neutral. The underlying argument of the article concerns the need to (re)humanize education in the face of resurgent violence, political fragmentation, emerging technocratic trends in pedagogy and dominant neoliberal and profit driven motives in Bosnian society.
Assessing Happiness in Central Asian Countries: Comparative Analysis and Key Determinants
Authors: Omarova Aishat , Kenzhakimova Gulnara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The measurement of happiness is a significant social and cultural phenomenon that encompasses various aspects of societal reality, each holding value for individuals and society as a whole. This study aims to analyze the happiness index and its social measurement mechanisms through a comparative analysis of Central Asian countries, specifically Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan. The theoretical foundations highlight the contributions of Dutch sociologist Ruut Veenhoven, who posits that the happiness index, along with well-being and healthcare levels, is a critical measure of societal comfort. Our research employs global happiness indicators such as the World Happiness Report, the World Values Survey, the Better Life Index, and the Quality-of-Life Index, which incorporate parameters like GDP per capita, social support, life expectancy, corruption perception, generosity, freedom of choice, and subjective well-being. Through a correlation analysis of happiness indices from 2017 to 2021, we examine the impact of macro-social conditions and national and cultural characteristics on happiness in Central Asian countries. Findings indicate that Kazakhstan, with its relatively high GDP per capita, faces challenges from higher perceived corruption and lower democracy scores. Conversely, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, despite lower GDP per capita, exhibit higher overall happiness due to stronger social cohesion and lower perceived corruption. The study also identifies shortcomings in current happiness measurement methodologies, such as the failure to capture issues reflected in specific sub-indices and the reliance on arithmetic averages that overlook disparities in benefit distribution. To improve their standings and ensure sustainable progress, Central Asian countries should enhance environmental policies and develop a knowledge-based economy. Future research should refine measurement methodologies to better capture the multidimensional nature of happiness, providing a fuller picture of well-being and informing more effective policy strategies.
Dagestani Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioners on the Move: From the Post-Soviet Era to the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zakharova Evgenia , Firsov Evgeny 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper employs a case study approach and contributes to the field of North Caucasian area studies by demonstrating how the professional activities of selected complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) specialists in Dagestan are shaped by gradual re-Islamization, post-Soviet demographic processes, and the Covid-19 pandemic. Engaging with the theoretical frameworks of medical pluralism and the social ecology of medicine, we pose the questions, what elements and processes in the changing social environment have been essential for the dynamics of CAM in Dagestan? How have changes in this environment influenced the strategies of CAM practitioners in designing their practices? We argue that the medical field in Dagestan outside of the state system is relatively weakly restricted by political, institutional, ideological, and cultural factors. This relative freedom allegedly makes CAM responsive more to large social-level environmental processes than to the mechanisms emphasized elsewhere in the literature about medical pluralism.
Cancer statistics for African American and Black people, 2025
Authors: Saka Anatu H. , Giaquinto Angela N. , McCullough Lauren E. , Tossas Katherine Y. , Star Jessica , Jemal Ahmedin , Siegel Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAfrican American and other Black individuals (referred to as Black people in this article) have a disproportionate cancer burden, including the lowest survival of any racial or ethnic group for most cancers. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths for Black people in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence (herein through 2021), mortality (through 2022), survival, screening, and risk factors using population‐based data from the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2025, there will be approximately 248,470 new cancer cases and 73,240 cancer deaths among Black people in the United States. Black men have experienced the largest relative decline in cancer mortality from 1991 to 2022 overall (49%) and in almost every 10‐year age group, by as much as 65%–67% in the group aged 40–59 years. This progress largely reflects historical reductions in smoking initiation among Black teens, advances in treatment, and earlier detections for some cancers. Nevertheless, during the most recent 5 years, Black men had 16% higher mortality than White men despite just 4% higher incidence, and Black women had 10% higher mortality than White women despite 9% lower incidence. Larger inequalities for mortality than for incidence reflect two‐fold higher death rates for prostate, uterine corpus, and stomach cancers and for myeloma, and 40%–50% higher rates for colorectal, breast, cervical, and liver cancers. The causes of ongoing disparities are multifactorial, but largely stem from inequalities in the social determinants of health that trace back to structural racism. Increasing diversity in clinical trials, enhancing provider education, and implementing financial incentives to ensure equitable care across the cancer care continuum would help close these gaps.
Seasickness Simulator to Assess Anti-Motion Sickness Devices
Authors: de Thierry de Faletans Camille , Misericordia Maxime , Vallier Jean-Marc , Duché Pascale , Watelain Eric 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: There are various motion sickness (MS) simulators in the laboratory, but the conditions under which they induce MS symptoms are different from real-life conditions. This study aimed to design a seasickness simulator, close to ecological conditions, easy to set up, at a modest cost, and capable of rapidly inducing MS symptoms, to evaluate the effect of anti-motion sickness devices. The hypothesis was that this simulator would induce MS, reflecting the susceptibility of subjects in real-life conditions, meaning the more susceptible individuals were to MS in real conditions, the more severe and rapid their symptoms would be in the simulator.
METHODS: A total of 65 subjects with varying degrees of MS susceptibility (MS Susceptibility Questionnaire Short form) were exposed to a seasickness simulator for a maximum of 10 min. Measurements of subjective symptoms (Visual Analog Scale and time to onset of first symptoms) and physiological variables (heart rate and temperature) were taken.
RESULTS: Subjects covered the full range of MS susceptibility (from 0–100%). The average time in the simulator before the first symptoms of MS was 7.41 min ± 2.56 min. The time to onset of the first symptoms, the intensity of the symptoms, and heart rate were significantly correlated with the degree of susceptibility of subjects in real-life conditions.
DISCUSSION: The simulator induced varying intensity of MS depending on the subjects’ susceptibility. It thus replicates real-life conditions and can serve as a useful tool for facilitating the research of devices, techniques, and medications to combat MS.
de Thierry de Faletans C, Misericordia M, Vallier J-M, Duché P, Watelain E. Seasickness simulator to assess anti-motion sickness devices. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(3):212–218.
High-Altitude Acute Hypoxia Endurance and Comprehensive Lung Function in Pilots
Authors: Li Bowen , Xu Yue , Wang Dong , Wei Baodi , Zhu Huijing , Wu Mengdi , Lan Xiaohua , Yin Qiaoxiang , Cao Yanjie 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: High-altitude hypoxia remains one of the primary causes endangering flight safety to this day. This study explores the correlation between pilots’ acute hypoxia endurance at high altitude and their comprehensive pulmonary function to help with pilot selection, training, and operations.
METHODS: We selected 175 pilots (all men) at the Air Force Medical Center from January 2022 to March 2023. They underwent comprehensive pulmonary function tests and a simulated 22,965-ft (7000-m) hypoxia tests which were categorized into long-time (>360 s) or short-time (180 −360 s) groups based on endurance time. A multivariate Cox proportional risk model analyzed the link between lung function and hypoxia endurance.
RESULTS: All pilots completed the tests with a median hypoxia endurance time of 260 s. The long-time group consisted of 50.3% of the pilots and the short-time group consisted of 49.7%. The Cox model indicated that higher alveolar volume as a percentage of predicted and lower residual volume to total lung capacity ratio as a percentage of predicted significantly influenced hypoxia endurance time, while other variables showed no significant impact.
DISCUSSION: Pilots with higher alveolar volume as a percentage of predicted and lower residual volume to total lung capacity ratio as a percentage of predicted in comprehensive lung function are likely to have better gas exchange efficiency and lung function, leading to longer acute high-altitude hypoxia endurance time.
Li B, Xu Y, Wang D, Wei B, Zhu H, Wu M, Lan X, Yin Q, Cao Y. High-altitude acute hypoxia endurance and comprehensive lung function in pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2025; 96(3):191–197.
Biomechanical effects of altered multifidus muscle morphology on cervical spine tissues
Authors: Xu Guangming , Li Chenxing , Sheng Zhizhong 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMuscle fat infiltration and atrophy were common pathomorphologic changes in the paravertebral muscles. Some studies indicated that degeneration of paravertebral muscles may be one of the important causes of chronic neck pain. Therefore, we investigated the mechanical effects of multifidus muscle morphologic changes on cervical spine tissues by constructing cervical spine models of multfiidus muscle with different degrees of atrophy.MethodThree-dimensional finite element models of the cervical spine with 100%, 80%, and 50% with the multifidus muscle were constructed by referring to previous literature. According to the mechanical loading conditions in previous literature, the patient’s head weight and 1 Nm of loading were considered to be applied to the cervical spine, and the mechanical differences in the cervical intervertebral discs, joint capsule, cartilage endplates and range of motion (ROM) due to the morphological changes of the multifidus muscle were recorded and analyzed.ResultUnder anterior flexion loading, model C increasing by 55% and 22% at the C5-6 segment compared to A and B, respectively. Among the three model groups, the stresses in the discs of the lower segments (C4-C7) were significantly higher than those in the upper segments. Under posterior extension loading, the strain values of the joint capsule were higher in the lower cervical segments, with the maximum strain values in the C5-6 segments. The maximum strain values in the lower cartilage endplates were in the C5-6 segments in model group A, whereas the maximum values were in the C4-5 segments in both models B and C. The maximum values in the lower cervical segments were in the C4-6 and C4-5 segments. In addition, a similar trend described above occurs in lateral bending and axial rotation conditions. The ROM of the lower cervical was higher than that of the upper cervical vertebrae, except in lateral bending conditions.ConclusionIn this study, we constructed the morphology of the multifidus muscle to more realistically simulate the mechanical environment of the cervical spine in vivo and quantitatively explored the effects of multifidus muscle atrophy on cervical spine tissues. The results showed that volume atrophy of the multifidus muscle altered the mechanical response of cervical spine tissues. Volume atrophy of the multifidus muscle significantly increased the mechanical indexes of the cervical spine tissues, in which the cervical disc stresses, joint capsule strains, and cartilage endplates increased significantly. Compared with the mechanical changes in the upper cervical segments, the mechanical changes in the lower cervical segments were higher. Therefore, it is important to moderately increase the functional exercise of the multifidus muscle to prevent atrophy leading to abnormal stress concentrations in cervical tissues.
Defining bovine CpG epigenetic diversity by analyzing RRBS data from sperm of Montbéliarde and Holstein bulls
Authors: Capra Emanuele , Lazzari Barbara , Cozzi Paolo , Turri Federica , Negrini Riccardo , Ajmone-Marsan Paolo , Stella Alessandra 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionBreed epigenetic diversity was recently detected in pig muscle and cattle blood, probably as a result of long-term selection for morphological adaptive and quantitative traits, persisting after embryo epigenetic reprogramming.MethodsIn our study, breed epigenetic diversity in the male germline from Holstein (H) and Montbéliarde (M) bulls was investigated using Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) data publicly available at the NCBI database. Open-source Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data from H and M animals were used to estimate genetic diversity between the two breeds and, thus, correctly assess CpG positions with low frequencies or absence of SNPs.ResultsSperm epigenetic diversity was studied in 356,635 SNP-free CpG positions, and a total of 6,074 differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) were identified. The analysis of the DMCs pattern of distribution revealed that DMCs: i) are partially associated with genetic variation, ii) are consistent with epigenetic diversity previously observed in bovine blood, iii) present long-CpG stretches in specific genomic regions, and iv) are enriched in specific repeat elements, such as ERV-LTR transposable elements, ribosomal 5S rRNA, BTSAT4 Satellites and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE).DiscussionThis study, based on publicly available data from two cattle breeds, contributes to the identification and definition of distinct epigenetic signatures in sperm, that may have potential implications for mammalian embryo development.
Evidence for Fgf and Wnt regulation of Lhx2 during limb development via two limb-specific Lhx2-associated cis-regulatory modules
Authors: Britton Jessica C. , Somogyi-Leatigaga Anett , Watson Billy A. , Haro Endika , Mulder Cassidy G. , Kennedy Kari D. , Cooper Allen M. , Whitley Kristen L. , Yeboah Ruth-Love , Kim Jeanyoung , Yu Micah C. , Campos Jairo D. , Amoah Japhet , Kawauchi Shimako , Kim Eunyoung , Pira Charmaine U. , Oberg Kerby C. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIn vertebrate limb morphogenesis, wingless-related integration site (Wnt) proteins and fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) secreted from the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) coordinate proximodistal outgrowth. Fgfs also sustain sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA). Shh directs anteroposterior patterning and expansion and regulates AER-Fgfs, establishing a positive regulatory feedback loop that is vital in sustaining limb outgrowth. The transcription factor LIM homeodomain 2 (Lhx2) is expressed in the distal mesoderm and coordinates AER and ZPA signals that control cellular proliferation, differentiation, and shaping of the developing limb. Yet how Lhx2 is transcriptionally regulated to support such functions has only been partially characterized.Methods/ResultsWe have identified two limb-specific cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) active within the Lhx2 expression domain in the limb. Chromatin conformation analysis of the Lhx2 locus in mouse embryonic limb bud cells predicted CRMs-Lhx2 promoter interactions. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of limb bud cells revealed co-expression of several Fgf-related Ets and Wnt-related Tcf/Lef transcripts in Lhx2-expressing cells. Additionally, disruption of Ets and Tcf/Lef binding sites resulted in loss of reporter-driven CRM activity. Finally, binding of β-catenin to both Lhx2-associated CRMs supports the associated binding of Tcf/Lef transcription factors.DiscussionThese results suggest a role for Ets and Tcf/Lef transcription factors in the regulation of Lhx2 expression through these limb-specific Lhx2-associated CRMs. Moreover, these CRMs provide a mechanism for Fgf and Wnt signaling to localize and maintain distal Lhx2 expression during vertebrate limb development.
A new strategy improving TB diagnosis: stratified urine LAM test based on lymphocyte counts
Authors: Li Hongzhi , Gao Xian , Liu Dandan , Li Zhe , Li Jing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTraditional lipoarabinomannan tests have limited sensitivity in HIV-negative individuals. Our aims were to compare chemiluminescence-based LAM (AIMLAM) and other diagnostic modalities in HIV-negative patients and to explore whether lymphocyte counts impact the sensitivity and costs of AIMLAM.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional, diagnostic accuracy study. Participants underwent testing with sputum acid-fast bacilli, sputum culture, GeneXpert, and AIMLAM. Their diagnostic efficiency and cost-effectiveness alone or under different lymphocyte count categories was evaluated.ResultsUsing MRS as a reference, the sensitivities of different diagnostic methods were as follows: sputum smear 27.43%, sputum culture 45.13%, GeneXpert 74.34%, and AIMLAM 71.68%. Patients with lymphocyte counts &lt;0.8 × 109/L were significantly more likely to have a positive AIMLAM result (OR = 9.431, 95% CI: 2.659–33.447, P = 0.001). The sensitivity of AIMLAM in patients with lymphocyte counts &lt;0.8 × 109/L reached 93.02%. The overall cost of AIMLAM to detect a positive TB case was $129.82, lower than sputum culture ($136.10) and GeneXpert ($180.27). For patients with lymphocyte counts &lt;0.8 × 109/L, the cost of AIMLAM was further reduced to $67.84 (a 47.74% decrease), which was lower than GeneXpert ($111.65) and sputum culture ($94.28).ConclusionAIMLAM showed promising diagnostic performance in HIV-negative patients. Stratifying patients using lymphocyte cell counting lifted the sensitivity and lowered the cost of LAM, offering a novel diagnostic strategy for tuberculosis in resource-limited settings.