bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of dyslipidemia, treatment rate and its control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Jiahang , Nie Zhenxing , Ge Zhongli , Shi Lei , Gao Bin , Yang Yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is high in China, especially in Northwest China, and dyslipidemia in diabetes is a major factor at risk for CVD. The dyslipidemia prevalence, treatment and control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Northwest China were investigated.

Methods
In the cross-sectional retrospective research, 1386 medical records of T2DM patients were collected from the Endocrine Department of Tangdu Hospital. And patients’ age, sex, diabetes duration, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), complications, lipid levels, and drug use were recorded. The patient characteristics, lipid level and lipid-lowering therapy were analyzed.

Results
In this study, the dyslipidemia prevalence among T2DM patients was 87.7%, the treatment rate was 68.0%. The overall control rate of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 43.1%, and control rates reached 52.7% for high-risk subjects and 36.1% for very high-risk subjects. The overall control rate of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) was 19.8%. HbA1c (%) ≥ 7 was indicated as a major factor predicting failure of LDL-C and non-HDL-C control [odds ratio (OR) 1.521; 2.206, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.154–2.005; 1.583–3.076)].

Conclusion
Among patients with T2DM, it is high prevalence of dyslipidemia and low rate of treatment and control, and higher HbA1c level is the main factor for poor lipid control. It calls for more efforts to promote early screening, prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia for patients, thereby reducing the risk of CVD.
The high sodium condiments and pre-packaged food should be the focus of dietary sodium control in the adult Shanghai population
Authors: Wang Zhengyuan , Zhu Zhenni , Cai Hua , Luo Baozhang , Shi Zehuan , Liu Yongping , Xiang Xuesong , Zang Jiajie , Su Jin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-term, excessively high sodium consumption can lead to increased blood pressure, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the dietary sodium intake and food sources to understand the epidemiological characteristics associated with potentially influencing variables in adults from Shanghai.

Methods
Residents aged 15 years and above were randomly selected using multi-stage stratified random sampling in Shanghai. Over 3 days, family condiments were weighed for each 24-h day, and recall surveys were conducted for the same timeframe regarding sodium intake during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons.

Results
The median sodium intake for residents aged 15 years and above was 4.3 g/d in Shanghai, where 55.1% was obtained from cooking salt, 13.2% from sodium condiments, and 22.2% from pre-packaged food. There were no significant differences in total sodium intake or main sources of sodium intake between different seasons. The sodium intake of rural residents > suburban residents > urban residents (P < 0.05). The logistic regression demonstrated that compared to the rural, the people living in urban and suburban consumed less sodium. Compared to the 18–44, the people aged 45–59 and ≥ 60 consumed more sodium (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Sodium intake is high in Shanghai. The absolute amount of cooking salt is low in Shanghai, and the possibility of further reduction is very little under the existing dietary habit. Limiting high sodium condiments and pre-packaged food is the new key to controlling salt intake in the future.
Baseline IgG-Fc N-glycosylation profile is associated with long-term outcome in a cohort of early inflammatory arthritis patients
Authors: Sénard Thomas , Flouri Irini , Vučković Frano , Papadaki Garyfalia , Goutakoli Panagiota , Banos Aggelos , Pučić-Baković Maja , Pezer Marija , Bertsias George , Lauc Gordan , Sidiropoulos Prodromos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease for which prediction of long-term prognosis from disease’s outset is not clinically feasible. The importance of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and its Fc N-glycosylation in inflammation is well-known and studies described its relevance for several autoimmune diseases, including RA. Herein we assessed the association between IgG N-glycoforms and disease prognosis at 2 years in an early inflammatory arthritis cohort.

Methods
Sera from 118 patients with early inflammatory arthritis naïve to treatment sampled at baseline were used to obtain IgG Fc glycopeptides, which were then analyzed in a subclass-specific manner by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Patients were prospectively followed and a favorable prognosis at 2 years was assessed by a combined index as remission or low disease activity (DAS28 < 3.2) and normal functionality (HAQ ≤ 0.25) while on treatment with conventional synthetic DMARDs and never used biologic DMARDs.

Results
We observed a significant association between high levels of IgG2/3 Fc galactosylation (effect 0.627 and adjusted p value 0.036 for the fully galactosylated glycoform H5N4F1; effect −0.551 and adjusted p value 0.04963 for the agalactosylated H3N4F1) and favorable outcome after 2 years of treatment. The inclusion of IgG glycoprofiling in a multivariate analysis to predict the outcome (with HAQ, DAS28, RF, and ACPA included in the model) did not improve the prognostic performance of the model.

Conclusion
Pending confirmation of these findings in larger cohorts, IgG glycosylation levels could be used as a prognostic marker in early arthritis, to overcome the limitations of the current prognostic tools.
An unusual presentation of anaphylaxis with severe hypertension: a case report
Authors: Govindapala Dumitha , Senarath Uththara Sachinthanie , Wijewardena Dasun , Nakkawita Dilini , Undugodage Chandimani 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Low blood pressure and associated postural symptoms are well-recognized manifestations of anaphylaxis. Nonetheless, anaphylaxis can present with high blood pressure and is rarely reported in the literature. We report an unusual presentation of anaphylaxis with severe supine hypertension and orthostatic intolerance.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old Asian female presented to the emergency department with generalized itching, hives, and postural dizziness after taking a slow-release diclofenac sodium 100 mg tablet. On admission, the patient was tachycardic with a supine blood pressure of 200/100 mmHg. She had urticaria and bilateral rhonchi. A clinical diagnosis of anaphylaxis was made. She was treated with intravenous hydrocortisone and chlorpheniramine, but intramuscular adrenaline was withheld owing to her high blood pressure. She was kept in the supine position, and her vital parameters were closely monitored. Although the respiratory and cutaneous symptoms improved with treatment, her blood pressure remained elevated. Forty minutes later, the postural dizziness recurred as she sat up on the bed and her blood pressure plummeted from 198/100 mmHg to 80/60 mmHg. She was put back in the supine position immediately, and the blood pressure was restored with three doses of intramuscular adrenaline and a fluid bolus. Her postural symptoms completely resolved after adrenaline, but her blood pressure remained elevated. Two weeks after the initial presentation, a diagnosis of essential hypertension was made, which probably had been undetected. In anaphylaxis, where the cardiovascular system is involved, a blood pressure reduction from baseline is expected in patients with preexisting hypertension. Despite cardiovascular involvement, our patients’ blood pressure on presentation to the emergency department was much higher than her pretreatment ambulatory blood pressure, thus making this presentation unusual.

Conclusions
Diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis can be delayed in patients presenting with high blood pressure. Postural symptoms should alert the clinician to cardiovascular involvement despite elevated supine blood pressure. Early treatment with adrenaline should be considered in these patients with extreme caution.
Graph convergence with an application for system of variational inclusions and fixed-point problems
Authors: Balooee Javad , Yao Jen-Chih 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper aims at proposing an iterative algorithm for finding an element in the intersection of the solutions set of a system of variational inclusions and the fixed-points set of a total uniformlyL-Lipschitzian mapping. Applying the concepts of graph convergence and the resolvent operator associated with anĤ-accretive mapping, a new equivalence relationship between graph convergence and resolvent-operator convergence of a sequence ofĤ-accretive mappings is established. As an application of the obtained equivalence relationship, the strong convergence of the sequence generated by our proposed iterative algorithm to a common point of the above two sets is proved under some suitable hypotheses imposed on the parameters and mappings. At the same time, the notion of$H(\cdot,\cdot)$H(⋅,⋅)-accretive mapping that appeared in the literature, where$H(\cdot,\cdot)$H(⋅,⋅)is anα,β-generalized accretive mapping, is also investigated and analyzed. We show that the notions$H(\cdot,\cdot)$H(⋅,⋅)-accretive andĤ-accretive operators are actually the same, and point out some comments on the results concerning them that are available in the literature.
The spatial and temporal exploitation of anthropogenic food sources by common ravens (Corvus corax) in the Alps
Authors: Jain Varalika , Bugnyar Thomas , Cunningham Susan J. , Gallego-Abenza Mario , Loretto Matthias-Claudio , Sumasgutner Petra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Anthropogenic food sources (AFSs) are widespread in human-transformed landscapes and the current scale at which they occur drives ecological change at the individual, population, and community levels. AFSs are exploited extensively by common ravens, Corvus corax. Understanding how raven populations use AFSs can provide insight into their ecological responses to AFSs.

Methods
We equipped 81 ravens in the Austrian Alps with GPS-transmitters over a period of 2.75 years. Using these tracking data, we investigated how cohort differences (i.e., age, sex, and origin) and seasonal changes influence raven movement patterns (i.e., occurrence distribution and maximum daily displacement) and AFS-use (i.e., number of AFSs visited and probability of being present at any AFS) at 45 extensively exploited sites.

Results
We found that proxies for experience and dominance, inferred by age (i.e., juvenile versus adult) and origin (i.e., wild-caught versus captive-bred-released) cohorts, influenced movement patterns and the number of AFSs visited. However, all individuals were equally likely to be present at AFSs, highlighting the importance of AFSs for non-breeders in the study population. Seasonal changes in environmental conditions that affect energetic demands, the availability of natural and anthropogenic food, and foraging competition, influenced individuals’ occurrence distributions and AFS-use. We found that under harsher conditions in autumn and winter, individuals ranged wider and depended on AFSs to a larger degree. However, contrary to expectation, they were less likely to be present at AFSs in these seasons compared to spring and summer, suggesting a trade-off between time spent moving and exploiting resources. We attribute the small ranging movements exhibited by non-breeders in spring and summer to the presence of highly territorial and socially dominant breeders. As breeders mostly stay and forage within their territories during these seasons, competition at AFSs decrease, thereby increasing the likelihood of individuals being present at any AFS.

Conclusions
We emphasize that movement and AFS-use differ according to cohort differences and the seasonality of the environment. Our results highlight that predictable AFSs affect foraging strategies among non-breeding ravens. The extent of AFS-exploitation among non-breeding ravens in our study emphasize the potential of AFSs in shaping raven movement and resource-use.
Musculoskeletal injuries sustained at the California, USA: Baja California, Mexico border
Authors: Dwight Kathryn D. , Kent William T. , Hughes-Austin Jan M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Individuals attempting to enter the USA from Mexico at non-authorized points along the border fence often sustain injuries requiring medical intervention. We evaluated characteristics of this patient population and their hospital care to better understand patient treatment needs. Given the high-velocity nature of these injuries, we hypothesized that higher pain scores would be associated with longer lengths of hospital stay.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we selected records of all patients from 2013 to 2019 who received care by the Orthopaedic Surgery department following an injury sustained at the California-Baja California border. We evaluated demographics, musculoskeletal injuries, procedures, length of hospital stay (LOS), follow-up, and pain scores via retrospective chart review. We used linear regression, adjusting for age and gender, to evaluate associations between pain scores and hospital LOS.

Results
Among all 168 patients, there were 248 total injuries comprised of 46% lower extremity, 15% upper extremity, 17% spine, and 4% pelvic injuries. Average age at injury was 33 ± 10, 74% were male, and 85% identified as Hispanic. Of this patient population, 68% underwent operative interventions, 26% sustained open injuries, and 21% required external fixation for initial injury stabilization. Thirteen percent were seen for follow-up after discharge. Spine (n = 42), pilon (n = 36), and calcaneus fractures (n = 25) were the three most common injury types. Average LOS for all patients was 7.8 ± 8.1 days. Pain scores were not significantly associated with LOS ( p =  0.08). However, for every surgical procedure performed, hospital LOS was increased by 5.16 ± 0.47 days (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Many injuries incurred by patients crossing the border were severe, requiring multiple surgical interventions and a prolonged LOS. The higher number of procedures was significantly associated with longer LOS in all operatively treated patients. Future studies are needed to determine how we can optimize care for this unique patient population and facilitate post-discharge care.
Level and predictors of mental health literacy of depression and suicide among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Abdelsalam Noha M. , Said Randa M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPoor mental health literacy (MHL) is considered a significant barrier to medical students seeking treatment for depression and suicide. This study aimed to assess the level of mental health literacy of depression and suicide among undergraduate medical students as well as to determine its predictors. An online survey was conducted on 361 undergraduate medical students through the Microsoft Team platform using a Google form application-structured questionnaire that included a sociodemographic section, the depression literacy scale (D-Lit), and the modified suicide literacy scale (LOSS).ResultsThe mean D-Lit score was 7.9 ± 1.8 (total score ranged from 0 to 22), while the mean LOSS score was 4.5 ± 1.7 (total score ranged from 0 to 12). Only 36.8% of students had depression literacy levels higher than the mean depression score, whereas 28.8% had a suicide literacy level exceeding the mean suicide score. A statistically significant positive correlation was revealed between the mean score of depression literacy and that of suicide literacy (r= 0.16,p-value = 0.002). Male gender (p< 0.05), family history of depression (p< 0.05), and history of suicidal ideations (p< 0.01) are all predictors of higher depression literacy scores.ConclusionsAccording to the results, there is compelling evidence that depression and suicide literacy among medical students was low. Therefore, rather than waiting until a medical student reaches the clinical years, mental health education should be introduced early in medical school curricula or even in high school.
The relevance of chest X-ray radiologic severity index and CURB-65 score with the death event in hospitalized patient with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Prasetyo Nicolaus Erlangga , Satoto Bambang , Handoyo Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The global pandemic respiratory infection COVID-19 has had a high mortality rate since early 2020 with a broad spectrum of symptoms and giving a high burden. This study used the chest X-ray radiologic severity index method to radiologically assess the degree of lung lesions and the CURB-65 score to clinically assess COVID-19 pneumonia patients associated with the incidence of death in hospitalized patients.

Results
The research data were carried out from March 2020 to April 2021 based on patient medical records and chest X-rays at Doctor Kariadi General Hospital Semarang Indonesia. One hundred and five subjects were collected that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The CURB-65 score ≥ 2 had a significant relationship to the death event with a prevalence interval of 2.98 (95% CI, p = 0.000). The radiologic severity index ≥ 22.5 in initial chest X-ray signified a prevalence ratio of 2.24 (CI 95%, p = 0.004) and the radiologic severity index ≥ 29.5 in the second chest X-ray signified a prevalence ratio of 4.53 for the incidence of death (95% CI, p = 0.000). The combination of CURB-65 and the first chest X-ray radiologic severity index resulted in a prevalence ratio of 27.44, and the combination of CURB-65 and the second chest X-ray radiologic severity index resulted in a prevalence ratio of 60.2 which were significant for the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients.

Conclusions
Chest X-ray radiologic severity index and CURB-65 score have a significant relevance with the death event in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and can thus be used as a predictor of mortality.
MTPpilot: An Interactive Software for Visualization of Next-Generation Sequencing Results in Molecular Tumor Boards
Authors: Kahraman Abdullah , Arnold Fabian M. , Hanimann Jacob , Nowak Marta , Pauli Chantal , Britschgi Christian , Moch Holger , Zoche Martin 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE Comprehensive targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels are routinely used in modern molecular cancer diagnostics. In molecular tumor boards, the detected genomic alterations are often discussed to decide the next treatment options for patients with cancer. With the increasing size and complexity of NGS panels, the discussion of these results becomes increasingly complex, especially if they are reported in a text-based form, as it is the standard in current molecular pathology. METHODS We have developed the Molecular Tumor Profiling pilot ( MTPpilot) webservice using HTML, PHP, JavaScript, and MySQL to support the clinical discussion of NGS results at molecular tumor boards. RESULTS MTPpilot integrates various public genome, network, and cancer mutation databases with interactive visualization tools to assess the functional impact of mutations and support clinical decision making at tumor boards. CONCLUSION MTPpilot is tailored for discussion of NGS gene panel results at molecular tumor boards. It is freely available as a webservice at MTPpilot.
The Incidence and Risk Factors of Hyponatremia in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiko , Masuyama Hidenori , Yamagata Hiroki , Miyabayashi Makoto , Onishi Shunichiro , Inaba Yosuke , Takemoto Minoru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) with euvolemic hyponatremia may occur in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but little is known about the clinical characteristics of SIAD-associated hyponatremia in PTB patients.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors of hyponatremia in PTB patients.

Methods
In this retrospective chart review, we examined the incidence and severity of hyponatremia in PTB patients. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for hyponatremia in PTB patients.

Results
Of the 161 patients who were screened, after excluding patients with hyperglycemia and renal failure, we enrolled and analyzed data from 113 participants. Hyponatremia occurred in 40.7% patients (&lt;135 mEq/L). Univariate analysis revealed that the presence of hyponatremia was associated with old age, female sex, low body mass index, high glycosylated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. Multivariable analysis indicated that hyponatremia was strongly associated with old age (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09 for every 1-year age increase) and CRP values (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.30 for every 1-mg/dL increase in CRP). For 86 patients with blood cortisol measurements, the cortisol level was significantly high in the hyponatremia group.

Conclusions
Hyponatremia was less frequently associated with hyperglycemia, heart failure, renal failure, and other diseases that cause euvolemic hyponatremia; thus, PTB patients may have euvolemic hyponatremia due to SIAD. Administration of hypertonic saline or fluid restriction should be considered in PTB patients with hyponatremia.
Exocyst inactivation in urothelial cells disrupts autophagy and activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling
Authors: Ortega Michael A. , Villiger Ross K. , Harrison-Chau Malia , Lieu Suzanna , Tamashiro Kadee-Kalia , Lee Amanda J. , Fujimoto Brent A. , Patwardhan Geetika Y. , Kepler Joshua , Fogelgren Ben 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Ureter obstruction is a highly prevalent event during embryonic development and is a major cause of pediatric kidney disease. We have previously reported that ureteric bud-specific ablation of the gene expressing the exocyst subunit EXOC5 in late murine gestation results in failure of urothelial stratification, cell death and complete ureter obstruction. However, the mechanistic connection between disrupted exocyst activity, urothelial cell death and subsequent ureter obstruction was unclear. Here, we report that inhibited urothelial stratification does not drive cell death during ureter development. Instead, we demonstrate that the exocyst plays a critical role in autophagy in urothelial cells, and that disruption of autophagy activates a urothelial NF-κB stress response. Impaired autophagy first provokes canonical NF-κB activity, which is progressively followed by increasing levels of non-canonical NF-κB activity and cell death if the stress remains unresolved. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ureter obstructions can be completely rescued in Exoc5 conditional knockout mice by administering a single dose of the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK at embryonic day 16.5 prior to urothelial cell death. Taken together, ablation of Exoc5 disrupts autophagic stress response and activates progressive NF-κB signaling, which promotes obstructive uropathy.