bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, in Vitro and in Silico Studies of Benzimidazole‐Linked Oxadiazole Derivatives as Anti‐inflammatory Agents
Authors: Celik Ismail , Sarıaltın Sezen Yılmaz , Çoban Tülay , Kılcıgil Gülgün 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, 24 new benzimidazole‐oxadiazole hybrids were designed and synthesized as anti‐inflammatory agents. It was measured their stabilizing potentials against heat‐induced human erythrocyte membrane hemolysis for anti‐inflammatory activity. Compound 5 w bearing cyclohexyl as R2 group at the 2nd position of oxadiazole ring and 3,4‐dimethoxy phenyl at the 2nd position of benzimidazole showed the highest membrane stabilizing activity with IC50= 0.50 mM. Antioxidant activity screening of compounds synthesized by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assay methods was performed. Molecular docking studies of all compounds were performed against COX‐1 and COX‐2 with Glide XP. Moreover, to examine the protein‐ligand stability of the most active compound 5 w, molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns duration were performed with COX‐1 and COX‐2 using Gromacs.
A Simple and Green Oxygen‐Tolerant RAFT Polymerization without Additional Catalyst and Initiator
Authors: Huang Yan , Sun Yue , Weng Yuyan , Zhang Weidong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOxygen‐tolerant reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) can be successfully achieved through the addition of organic and inorganic photoredox catalysts or other additives. Thus, developing a simple oxygen‐tolerant RAFT without additional catalyst and initiator will augment the development of this field. In this work, two‐component systems, 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 4‐cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate (CPADB), have been successfully applied to develop green and oxygen‐tolerant RAFT under aqueous conditions without any additional catalysts, where dithioester CPADB was employed as an iniferter agent (initiator‐transfer‐terminator) for polymerization control, as well as an intrinsic photoredox catalyst for deoxygenation. DMAEMA was utilized as monomer and electron donor. In the present work, dithioester‐assisted oxygen removal in aqueous RAFT photopolymerization is reported for the first time. This work provides a simple and green method for oxygen‐tolerant RAFT polymerization.
A Green Synthesis of Nitrogen Containing Novel Tetraazaaceanthrylene Derivatives Under Catalyst‐free Conditions: Docking studies, ADME and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Sankar Gunasekaran , Vinoth Nangagoundan , Nagasundaram Nagarajan , Lalitha Appaswami 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA facile and convenient greener route has been introduced for the synthesis of novel 2‐phenyl‐2,3,5,6‐tetraazaaceanthrylene‐1,4(2H,5H)‐dione derivativesviaone pot three component reaction of barbituric acid, substituted aryl amines and isatin with ethanol as solvent. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT‐IR,1H NMR and13C NMR techniques. The remarkable features of this method are catalyst‐free, short reaction time, good yields and simple purification techniques. The effect of inhibition and possibilities of interaction of 1GQN enzyme onSalmonella typhiwith synthesized compounds was explored through molecular docking approach. Pharmacokinetics profile of the synthesized compounds was explored by ADME technique. All the synthesized compounds have also been evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. The compounds 4a and 4d exhibited significant effect against four human pathogenic bacterial strains with the maximum inhibition zone.
Antioxidant and Anti‐Pollution Effect of Naturally Occurring Carotenoids Astaxanthin and Crocin for Human Skin Protection
Authors: Ácsová Aneta , Hojerová Jarmila , Hergesell Kristýna , Hideg Éva , Csepregi Kristóf , Bauerová Katarína , Pružinská Katarína , Martiniaková Silvia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFour in vitro oxidative‐stress models were used to study the antioxidant/antipollution effects of all‐trans‐astaxanthin and crocin compared to synthetic antioxidants. DPPH‐scavenging activity of astaxanthin (5 μM) was 2.4, 1.3, 1.4, 1.1 and 0.9‐fold higher than that of alpha‐tocopherol (AT), butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, gallic acid and Trolox, respectively. Crocin scavenged the same radicals amount as butylhydroxytoluene and butylhydroxyanisole. Both carotenoids were more effective at reducing ferric ions than synthetic antioxidants and had a protective effect on the viability of stressed epidermal cells. Reactive oxygen species induced by hydrogen peroxide or cigarette smoke on a skin were quenched with astaxanthin and crocin to approximately the same extent as with AT. ASX was 3.8, 2.3 and 14‐fold better singlet oxygen scavenger than Trolox, AT and gallic acid, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acids in the astaxanthin’ emulsion were 6.5 and 2.5‐fold more resistant to oxidation than in the control emulsion and the AT’ emulsion, respectively.
Bimetallic Pd‐Au Nanoparticles Supported Monodisperse Porous Silica Microspheres as an Efficient Heterogenous Catalyst for Fast Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Tosun Rukiye Babacan , Hamaloğlu Kadriye Özlem , Tuncel Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst in the form of PdAu nanoparticle supported monodisperse‐porous SiO2 microspheres (PdAu@APTES@SiO2) was prepared for fast oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH). The mesoporous support obtained by an originally developed staged‐shape templated hydrolysis‐condensation protocol provided large surface area and high pore volume for parking of noble metal nanoparticles. PdAu@APTES@SiO2 provided higher BzOH conversion, benzaldehyde (BzH) selectivity and BzH formation yield with respect to monometallic catalysts containing Pd or Au nanoparticles supported with SiO2 microspheres. BzOH conversions and BzH formation yields higher than 95 % were obtained in 30 min at 80 °C. The maximum TON and TOF values were determined as 300 and 600 h−1, respectively. BzOH conversions and TOF were also higher with respect to similar catalysts prepared using different supports also carrying PdAu nanoparticles. PdAu@APTES@SiO2 exhibited good stability with a decrease of BzOH conversion less than 2.5 % over five consecutive runs.
Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis
Authors: Yadav Deshal , Datta Sudipta , Saha Sujan , Pradhan Subhalaxmi , Kumari Shweta , Gupta Pavan Kumar , Chauhan Vishal , Saw Shiva Kumar , Sahu Gajanan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInternationally emerging energy trend, depletion of existing fossil fuel reserves along with growing population and alarming pollution all together has diverted the research towards the use of renewable fuels such as biodiesel. Biodiesel being eco‐friendly and climate neutral is a better alternative to vastly depleting petrodiesel fuels. Biodiesel is frequently produced by combining vegetable oil and alcohol with catalyst in a transesterification reaction. Catalyst is a key factor that is known to affect the kinetics and output of a transesterification reaction. Moreover, one of the most critical features of a catalyst‘s catalytic activity is the particle size. The present review is an account of the widely used heterogeneous nanocatalyst for biodiesel synthesis. Heterogeneous nanocatalyst are novel for FAME synthesis as they are economical, recyclable, reusable, readily available, active, selective, non‐corrosive, stable and conveniently separable. Metal oxide (MO), Nano ferrites, Nano zeolites, Nano hydrotalcite and Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) based heterogeneous nanocatalyst and their reusability have been discussed. Critical factors like time duration, alcohol‐to‐oil ratio, reaction temperature, intensity of mixing, catalyst loading etc. have also been accounted in this review.
Recent Developments in the Synthesis of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds as α‐Amylase Inhibitors via In‐Vitro and In‐Silico Analysis: Future Drugs for Treating Diabetes
Authors: Garg Pooja , Rawat Ravindra Singh , Bhatt Harshil , Kumar Sanjit , Reddy Sabbasani Rajasekhara 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn nature, N‐heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives are abundant. They serve as the building blocks of many biological entities, such as enzymes, alkaloids, hormones, antibiotics, and vitamins. The treatment of diabetes is one of the major applications of heterocyclic compounds. Natural as well as synthetic, both types of heterocyclic compounds show anti‐diabetic activity. There is a plethora of literature on the hyper/hypoglycaemic activity of natural compounds. This review discusses the synthesis methods, yields of the reactions and Inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of all the synthesized derivatives via different assays such as 3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) or starch assays. IC50 values of all the derivatives have been compared with those of standard acarbose. Structure activity relationship of most potential compounds with α‐amylase enzyme is established to show the type of interactions between them. Molecular docking studies show the type of interaction between compounds and enzyme.
Annulation of 2’‐Chlorochalcones and Elemental Sulfur toward the Synthesis of 2‐Aryl Thiochromenones
Authors: Huynh Tan N. , Huynh Tien V. , Ca Thuy T. , Tran Dat T. , Pham Hai H. , Nguyen Tung T. , Phan Nam T. S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHerein we report a method for the synthesis of 2‐aryl thiochromenones via a sulfuration of 2’‐chlorochalcones. The chalcones could be prepared in advance or in situ obtained from 2’‐chloroacetophenones and aromatic aldehydes. The conditions were tolerant of functionalities including chloro, fluoro, methylthio, phenoxy, and trifluoromethyl groups. 2‐Heteroaryl thiochromenones could also be obtained in moderate yields. Our method appears to be a simple, general tactic to afford 2‐aryl thiochromenones from commercial starting materials.
Photoatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water Under Visible Light by NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti‐Zr)@BiOClxI1‐x Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Yu Zhengming , Lv Yunkai , Huang Feng , Zhang Fang , Shi Qi , An Ke , Fan Tingting , Li Gang , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCombining two different semiconductors to construct heterojunction is an effective solution to the problem of high recombination rate of photo‐generated carriers. In this work, for further improvement of the photocatalytic performance of NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOCl, NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOClxI1‐x was synthesized by doping BiOI. The influence of BiOI doping amount on the photocatalytic performance of organic pollutant Acid Red B (ARB) was explored. The experimental results showed that the existence of BiOI enhanced the absorption of visible light and further reduced the recombination rate of photo‐generated carriers, thus improved the photocatalytic performance. The characterization of NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOClxI1‐x was performed by XRD, SEM, TEM, EIS, DRS UV‐Vis DRS, and PL. Compared with the photocatalyst NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOCl, the composite photocatalyst NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOCl0.8I0.2 demonstrated superior visible‐light photocatalytic activity. With the illumination time of 90 min, the degradation rate of ARB was 94.6 %. After 3 times of recycling, the degradation rate of ARB was 91 %. The results of free radical quenching experiments showed that the degradation of ARB by NH2‐MIL‐125(Ti−Zr)@BiOCl0.8I0.2 was attributed to the oxidation of ⋅O2− and h+. A preliminary discussion on the photocatalytic mechanism was made.
High‐Performance Supercapacitors Fabricated from Sugarcane Waste‐derived Activated Carbon Electrodes and Carbon Dot‐added Molasses as Electrolytes
Authors: Thumkaew Yanisa , Praneerad Janjira , Manyam Jedsada , Chanthad Chalathorn , Liang Xiao , Song Shufeng , Youngvises Napaporn , Paoprasert Peerasak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, bio‐renewable, high‐performance supercapacitors were prepared from sugarcane wastes. Activated carbon and carbon dots (CDs) was prepared from sugarcane bagasse and leaves, whereas electrolyte, for the first time in any kind of electrochemical device, was prepared from molasses. The supercapacitors were then fabricated from activated carbon electrodes and molasses electrolyte. The supercapacitors using bagasse‐ and leaf‐derived activated carbon and molasses aqueous solution yielded a specific capacitance of 101 and 80 F g−1, respectively, at a scan rate of 30 mV s−1. When the molasses electrolyte was prepared in H2SO4 solution, the specific capacitance increased to 308 and 268 F g−1, respectively. Interestingly, when the CDs were added to molasses/H2SO4 electrolyte, the specific capacitance was further boosted to 456 and 356 F g−1, which are equivalent to 148 % and 133 % increases. In addition to enhancing the specific capacitance, the use of CDs also improved the cycling stability of the supercapacitors. A combination of enhanced surface capacitance and reduced interfacial resistance offered by the CDs led to a significantly enhanced performance. This work thus demonstrates a value‐adding strategy for sugarcane wastes and the fabrication of novel, high‐performance supercapacitors.
Click Chemistry ‐ Inspired Synthesis of Porphyrin Hybrid Glycodendrimers as Fluorescent Sensor for Cu(II) Ions
Authors: Agrahari Anand K. , Kumar Sunil , Pandey Mrituanjay D. , Rajkhowa Sanchayita , Jaiswal Manoj K. , Tiwari Vinod K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn expeditious and modular CuAAC ‘click’ protocol has been exploited for the construction of porphyrin cored hybrid glycodendrimers of G1 and G2 generation. The developed porphyrin hybrid glycodendrimers were characterized using extensive spectral analysis including NMR (1H, 13C, and 19F), MS, MALDI‐TOF, IR, and SEC datas and evaluated for their sensing ability for a range of metal ions, where they displayed notable sensing for Cu(II) ion with solvatochromism properties.
High Power Figure‐of‐Merit, 10.6‐kV AlGaN/GaN Lateral Schottky Barrier Diode with Single Channel and Sub‐100‐µm Anode‐to‐Cathode Spacing
Authors: Xu Ru , Chen Peng , Zhou Jing , Li Yimeng , Li Yuyin , Zhu Tinggang , Cheng Kai , Chen Dunjun , Xie Zili , Ye Jiandong , Liu Bin , Xiu Xiangqian , Han Ping , Shi Yi , Zhang Rong , Zheng Youdou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGaN‐based lateral Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have attracted great attention for high‐power applications due to its combined high electron mobility and large critical breakdown field. However, the breakdown voltage (BV) of the SBDs are far from exploiting the material advantages of GaN at present, limiting the desire to use GaN for ultra‐high voltage (UHV) applications. Then, a golden question is whether the excellent properties of GaN‐based materials can be practically used in the UHV field? Here, UHV AlGaN/GaN SBDs are demonstrated on sapphire with a BV of 10.6 kV, a specific on‐resistance (RON,SP) of 25.8 mΩ cm2, yielding a power figure‐of‐merit (P‐FOM = BV2/RON,SP) of 4.35 GW cm−2. These devices are designed with single channel and 85‐µm anode‐to‐cathode spacing, without other additional electric field management, demonstrating its great potential for the UHV application in power electronics.
Resonant‐Opto‐Thermomechanical Oscillator (ROTMO): A Low‐Power, Large Displacement, High‐Frequency Optically Driven Microactuator
Authors: Pevec Simon , Donlagic Denis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA light‐driven micromechanical oscillator is presented, which can be operated by a low optical power (in the mW, or even the µW range), can produce large mechanical displacements (>5–100 µm), and can be designed to operate at frequencies from sub‐kHz up to more than 200 kHz. The actuation of the oscillator is achieved by an asymmetrically metal‐coated optical microwire configured into a silica micromechanical oscillator. The metalized optical microwire confines and absorbs the light strongly over a short distance, which results in a controlled optical power conversion into heat, and, consequently, into mechanical actuation through the temperature rise and the difference in thermal expansions of the silica microwire and the asymmetrically applied metal layer. Mechanical displacements are amplified further by the resonance operation of the oscillator, which is driven by a low‐power, harmonic optical excitation signal generated by a current‐modulated laser diode. Proper selection of the micromechanical oscillator's geometrical configuration and materials allows for a high‐frequency operation at large mechanical displacements of the oscillator, while relying on low excitation optical power. The presented concept of a fully optically driven micromechanical oscillator may, thus, present a basis for realization of new classes of actuated micro‐opto‐mechanical Systems and similar photonics microdevices.
Ionic Conductive and Highly‐Stable Interface for Alkali Metal Anodes
Authors: Jin Enzhong , Tantratian Karnpiwat , Zhao Changtai , Codirenzi Anastasia , Goncharova Lyudmila V. , Wang Changhong , Yang Feipeng , Wang Yijia , Pirayesh Parham , Guo Jinghua , Chen Lei , Sun Xueliang , Zhao Yang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlkali metals are regarded as the most promising candidates for advanced anode for the next‐generation batteries due to their high specific capacity, low electrochemical potential, and lightweight. However, critical problems of the alkali metal anodes, especially dendrite formation and interface stabilization, remain challenging to overcome. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a key factor affecting Li and Na deposition behavior and electrochemical performances. Herein, a facile and universal approach is successfully developed to fabricate ionic conductive interfaces for Li and Na metal anodes by modified atomic layer deposition (ALD). In this process, the Li metal (or Na metal) plays the role of Li (or Na) source without any additional Li (or Na) precursor during ALD. Moreover, the key questions about the influence of ALD deposition temperature on the compositions and structure of the coatings are addressed. The optimized ionic conductive coatings have significantly improved the electrochemical performances. In addition, the electrochemical phase‐field model is performed to prove that the ionic conductive coating is very effective in promoting uniform electrodeposition. This approach is universal and can be potentially applied to other different metal anodes. At the same time, it can be extended to other types of coatings or other deposition techniques.
COVID‐19 and future pandemics: A blockchain‐based privacy‐aware secure borderless travel solution from electronic health records
Authors: Odoom Justice , Huang Xiaofang , Danso Samuel Akwasi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic undoubtedly lingers on and has brought unprecedented changes globally including travel arrangements. Blockchain‐based solutions have been proposed to aid travel amid the pandemic hap. Presently, extant solutions are country or regional‐based, downplay privacy, non‐responsive, often impractical, and come with blockchain‐related complexities presenting technological hurdle for travelers. We therefore propose a solution namely, Borderless to foster global travel allowing travelers and countries collaboratively engage in a secure adaptive proof protocol dubbed Proof‐of‐COVID‐19 status a number of arbitrary statements to ascertain the fact that the traveler poses no danger irrespective of the country located. As far as we know, this is first of its kind. Borderless is implemented as a decentralized application leveraging blockchain as a trust anchor and decentralized storage technology. Security analysis and evaluation are performed proving security, privacy‐preservation, and cost‐effectiveness along with implementation envisioning it as a blueprint to facilitate cross‐border travel during the present and future pandemics. Our experimental results show it takes less than 60 and 3 s to onboard users and perform proof verification respectively attesting to real usability scenarios along with the traits of arbitrary proofs to aid responsiveness to the dynamics of pandemics and blockchain abstraction from travelers.
Characterization of Citric Acid Treated Partially Cold‐Water Swellable Sorghum and Corn Starch Extrudates; A Green Approach
Authors: Zehra Nusrat , Mohsin Ali Tahira , Mustafa Ghulam , Hasnain Abid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study investigates a green approach for tailoring the properties of sorghum and corn starches. Since, citric acid is a harmless chemical; therefore, starches modified via citric acid as well as extrusion can be labeled as “Green.” Citric acid modification at two different levels 20% and 40% prior to the extrusion technique influence the functional, thermal, structural, and rheological properties of starch extrudates. The swelling index is found to be lower for CA‐treated extrudates and decreases as CA level increases from 20% to 40%. Prior citric acid modification is found to lower the viscosity of the starch extrudates while increases in water retention capacity is observed. All CA‐treated extrudates show signs of more viscous behavior with Gʺ > Gʹ at lower frequency. Creep recovery curves imply that deformation of S40‐Ex (40% w/v citric acid treated sorghum starch extrudate) and C40‐Ex (40% w/v citric acid treated corn starch extrudate) gel shows the minimum value of instantaneous strain indicating their higher recoveries. The induced properties of starch extrudates after modification with citric acid urge the possible use of these extrudates as industrial cold water swell‐able instant starch in ready to eat food products.
“Genes for a role,” “genes as essences”: Secondary students' explicit and implicit intuitions about genetic essentialism and teleology
Authors: Stern Florian , Kampourakis Kostas , Müller Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiology education research has shown that deeply rooted intuitions can influence students' understanding of biological phenomena. One example is design teleology, the intuition that organisms' traits were designed to fulfill a goal. Another example is psychological essentialism, the intuition that organisms have fixed essences. Past research has found both of these intuitions to be conceptual obstacles for understanding evolution. In our study, we investigated whether conceptions stemming from these two intuitions are also expressed in the context of genetics. So, we used two tests to identify teleology and essentialism conceptions in the context of genetics: a multiple‐choice questionnaire (Genetic Essentialism and Teleology Questionnaire) and an implicit test (Genetic Essentialism and Teleology Implicit Association Test [IAT]). The development and validation process of these two tests are presented elsewhere. The present article presents the results of the administration of both tests to 332 secondary school students. It was found that: (1) those students exhibited teleology and essentialism conceptions in the context of genetics; the former, but not the latter, were less frequent the older students were; (2) teleology and essentialism conceptions were not correlated; and (3) measures from the explicit and implicit tests were not correlated with each other. Recommendations to improve teaching about genetics are made; for instance, we suggest that students' genetic essentialism conceptions could be addressed by emphasizing the existence of variation within populations and species, and the impact of mutations on phenotypic outcomes. We also recommend that teachers address design teleology and psychological essentialism conceptions independently from each other.