bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical muscle stiffness and parasympathetic nervous system improvements for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Matsui Takayoshi , Hara Kazuhiro , Iwata Makoto , Hojo Shuntaro , Shitara Nobuyuki , Endo Yuzo , Fukuoka Hideoki , Matsui Masaki , Kawaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Although treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a major public health problem that increases mortality due to suicides, a considerable percentage of patients do not respond adequately to variable treatments. Patients with TRD sometimes have comorbid cervical stiffness. This observational study aims to examine the association of local modulation of cervical muscles with TRD and to learn the involvement of the parasympathetic nervous system in the underlying mechanism.

Methods
A total of 1103 hospitalized patients with TRD who were resistant to outpatient care were enrolled between May 2006 and October 2021. All patients underwent local modulation of the cervical muscles by physical therapy during hospitalization. The presence or absence of TRD and whole-body disorders, such as headache, dazzling, cervical stiffness, and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders, was determined by the patient’s subjectivity using the self-rated medical interview sheet at admission and discharge. Pupil light reflex parameters were also measured at admission and discharge using a binocular infrared pupilometer.

Results
The improvement rate of TRD during hospitalization was 72.1%, and did not differ significantly by sex, age, and hospitalization period. The improvement of TRD showed a strong association with those of cervical stiffness and dazzling, a pupil light reflex disorder (p < 0.001: odds ratios = 12.76 and 6.39, respectively), but not with those of headache or cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders (p > 0.05). In the TRD-improved patients, the pupil light reflex parameters representative of the parasympathetic nervous system function ameliorated: pupil diameter decreased, while constriction rate and velocity increased during hospitalization. In contrast, little amelioration of the parameters was seen in the TRD-unimproved patients.

Conclusions
Cervical muscle stiffness may be associated with TRD, possibly through dysfunction of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Trial registration
ID: UMIN000040590. First registration date: 30/05/2020.
Digital detection of dementia (D3): a study protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial examining the application of patient-reported outcomes and passive clinical decision support systems
Authors: Kleiman Michael J. , Plewes Abbi D. , Owora Arthur , Grout Randall W. , Dexter Paul Richard , Fowler Nicole R. , Galvin James E. , Miled Zina Ben , Boustani Malaz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) in a primary care setting is challenging due to time constraints and stigma. The implementation of scalable, sustainable, and patient-driven processes may improve early detection of ADRD; however, there are competing approaches; information may be obtained either directly from a patient (e.g., through a questionnaire) or passively using electronic health record (EHR) data. In this study, we aim to identify the benefit of a combined approach using a pragmatic cluster-randomized clinical trial.

Methods
We have developed a Passive Digital Marker (PDM), based on machine learning algorithms applied to EHR data, and paired it with a patient-reported outcome (the Quick Dementia Rating Scale or QDRS) to rapidly share an identified risk of impairment to a patient’s physician. Clinics in both south Florida and Indiana will be randomly assigned to one of three study arms: 1200 patients in each of the two populations will be administered either the PDM, the PDM with the QDRS, or neither, for a total of 7200 patients across all clinics and populations. Both incidence of ADRD diagnosis and acceptance into ADRD diagnostic work-up regimens is hypothesized to increase when patients are administered both the PDM and QDRS. Physicians performing the work-up regimens will be blind to the study arm of the patient.

Discussion
This study aims to test the accuracy and effectiveness of the two scalable approaches (PDM and QDRS) for the early detection of ADRD among older adults attending primary care practices. The data obtained in this study may lead to national early detection and management program for ADRD as an efficient and beneficial method of reducing the current and future burden of ADRD, as well as improving the annual rate of newly documented ADRD in primary care practices.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05231954. Registered February 9, 2022.
Functional capacity in community-dwelling older adults maintained by a higher friend network than family network: implications from a two-year longitudinal study
Authors: Takase Mai , Takahashi Kyo , Ogino Ryogo , Nitanai Ryoichi , Tanaka Tomoki , Saisho Shinya , Goto Jun , Iijima Katsuya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
Maintaining a level of functional capacity is essential for healthy aging. In this research, the association between the change in the level of functional capacity and social network typology was explored over a two-year period. Participants were recruited from a community-based cohort study within Kashiwa City, Japan, and data from the years 2016 and 2018 were used. Cognitive functions, functional capacity, and social network typology were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence, and the Lubben Social Network Scale, respectively. Binomial logistic regression analysis was then conducted to evaluate the association of individuals’ personal network and their functional capacity.

Results
Results showed that, when compared to the group with both a high family and friend network, the group of community-dwelling older adults with both a low family and friend network (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-1.00), and the group with a high family but low friend network demonstrated a lower functional capacity (OR:0.47, 95% CI: 0.26–0.85). Active social participation, facilitated by a friend network, could be a contributing factor to the maintenance of functional capacity.
Massive bleeding from gastric ulcer-induced splenic artery pseudoaneurysm successfully treated with transcatheter arterial embolization and surgery: a case report
Authors: Shidahara Hidetoshi , Fujikuni Nobuaki , Tanabe Kazuaki , Abe Tomoyuki , Nishihara Keisuke , Noriyuki Toshio , Nakahara Masahiro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a routine medical emergency. The most common non-variceal cause is peptic ulcer disease, while a rare presentation is peptic ulcer-induced splenic artery pseudoaneurysm (SAP). Primary endoscopic treatment is generally attempted for UGIB; however, it sometimes fails when arterial etiology is present. In such cases, either transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) or surgery is necessary, but the choice of treatment is controversial. We present a case that illustrates the utility of both approaches in a gastric ulcer-induced SAP.

Case presentation
A 33-year-old male presented with hemorrhagic shock secondary to UGIB. The source of bleeding was identified as an SAP that was caused by a gastric ulcer. TAE enabled temporary bleeding control despite the patient’s poor overall condition and limited blood transfusion capability. However, rebleeding occurred soon after stabilization. Ultimately, we performed proximal gastrectomy and splenic artery ligation, and the patient survived.

Conclusions
SAP is an uncommon occurrence, and angiographic information is important for correctly identifying the source of bleeding. The treatment for SAP bleeding is basically the same as for endoscopically unmanageable non-variceal UGIB, since TAE and surgery each have a different utility, depending on the situation. If surgery is performed, especially SA ligation and gastrectomy, it is important to consider the circulation of the spleen and residual stomach. Using TAE and laparotomy, we managed to save the life of the patient with massive hemorrhage under limited circumstances.
Two fully automated data-driven 3D whole-breast segmentation strategies in MRI for MR-based breast density using image registration and U-Net with a focus on reproducibility
Authors: Ying Jia , Cattell Renee , Zhao Tianyun , Lei Lan , Jiang Zhao , Hussain Shahid M. , Gao Yi , Chow H.-H. Sherry , Stopeck Alison T. , Thompson Patricia A. , Huang Chuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPresence of higher breast density (BD) and persistence over time are risk factors for breast cancer. A quantitatively accurate and highly reproducible BD measure that relies on precise and reproducible whole-breast segmentation is desirable. In this study, we aimed to develop a highly reproducible and accurate whole-breast segmentation algorithm for the generation of reproducible BD measures. Three datasets of volunteers from two clinical trials were included. Breast MR images were acquired on 3 T Siemens Biograph mMR, Prisma, and Skyra using 3D Cartesian six-echo GRE sequences with a fat-water separation technique. Two whole-breast segmentation strategies, utilizing image registration and 3D U-Net, were developed. Manual segmentation was performed. A task-based analysis was performed: a previously developed MR-based BD measure, MagDensity, was calculated and assessed using automated and manual segmentation. The mean squared error (MSE) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between MagDensity were evaluated using the manual segmentation as a reference. The test-retest reproducibility of MagDensity derived from different breast segmentation methods was assessed using the difference between the test and retest measures (Δ2-1), MSE, and ICC. The results showed that MagDensity derived by the registration and deep learning segmentation methods exhibited high concordance with manual segmentation, with ICCs of 0.986 (95%CI: 0.974-0.993) and 0.983 (95%CI: 0.961-0.992), respectively. For test-retest analysis, MagDensity derived using the registration algorithm achieved the smallest MSE of 0.370 and highest ICC of 0.993 (95%CI: 0.982-0.997) when compared to other segmentation methods. In conclusion, the proposed registration and deep learning whole-breast segmentation methods are accurate and reliable for estimating BD. Both methods outperformed a previously developed algorithm and manual segmentation in the test-retest assessment, with the registration exhibiting superior performance for highly reproducible BD measurements.
Risk factors for mental health in general population during SARS-COV2 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Biondi Francesca , Liparoti Marianna , Lacetera Angelica , Sorrentino Pierpaolo , Minino Roberta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and its social restrictions have affected mental health globally. This systematic review aims to analyze the psychological responses of the general population and its related sociodemographic risk factors, excluding the most vulnerable groups (e.g., healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients and survivors, pregnant women, people with chronic diseases or preexisting psychiatric disorders). A reproducible search from June 2020 to February 2021 was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, following the PRISMA guidelines. Papers that (1) considered the most at-risk populations, (2) did not report sociodemographic data, and (3) did not use validated scales were excluded from our analysis. Non-English papers and review articles were also excluded. Of 1116 papers identified, 25 were included for this review (n = 162,465). The main risk factors associated with the emergence of depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder were: female gender, younger and later age, high level of education, Latino origin, free marital status, living quarantine in a house with no outdoor, negative coping strategies, close proximity to positive cases, high concern about contracting COVID-19 and living in a most affected area. High income, physical activity, resilience, family support, and a high level of knowledge about COVID-19, seems to be protective factors against the onset of psychological symptoms. In a general population, COVID-19 restrictions are linked to risk factors for psychological disorders caused by gender and sociodemographic conditions. In this regard governments should pay more attention to the public’s mental health and its risk and protective factors.
Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and plant density improve grain yield, nodulation capacity, and profitability of peas (Pisum sativum L.) on ferralsols in eastern D.R. Congo
Authors: Chuma Géant Basimine , Mulalisi Blaise , Mondo Jean Mubalama , Ndeko Adrien Byamungu , Bora Francine Safina , Bagula Espoir Mukengere , Mushagalusa Gustave Nachigera , Civava René 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSustaining high crop yield and profitability on marginal soils, such as degraded ferralsols, calls for the use of adequate farming practices. In this study, we assessed for four cropping seasons the effect of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer application doses (100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1) and plant densities (100,000, 166,666, and 250,000 plants ha−1) on growth, yield, nodulation capacity, and profitability of two pea varieties (Adei and Rwanda) under degraded ferralsols in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Results showed that pea growth, yield, nodulation, and profitability were significantly affected by the DAP dose and the plant density. Application of 150 kg ha−1 of DAP improved pea yields from 730 to 1720 kg ha−1 and nodulation from 17 to 22 nodules per plant. The number of active nodules was positively correlated with total number of nodules, DAP doses, yield parameters, and plant height. High grain yield was recorded during the long rainy season (1400 kg ha−1) compared to the short one (930 kg ha−1). All DAP doses were profitable according to the agronomic efficiency (AE) and value–cost ratio (VCR) analyses. For improved and profitable pea production on degraded South-Kivu ferralsols, applying 150 kg ha−1 of DAP combined with low plant density are to be recommended and preferably in the long rainy season.
The Age of the Author: Print and Precocity in the English Renaissance
Authors: Werlin Julianne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This essay describes how commercial publishing in Renaissance England made the age of authors newly salient, especially at the important moment of the literary debut. Drawing on a prosopographic survey of Tudor and early Stuart writers, the essay sketches the age structure of debut authorship, adding concrete detail to the much-discussed association between youth and literature in this era. It also shows how ideals such as precocity and categories such as juvenilia arose in response to the new possibilities and problems opened by dated publication.
Lessons from early life: understanding development to expand stem cells and treat cancers
Authors: Bain Fiona M. , Che James L. C. , Jassinskaja Maria , Kent David G. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal is a process that is essential for the development and homeostasis of the blood system. Self-renewal expansion divisions, which create two daughter HSCs from a single parent HSC, can be harnessed to create large numbers of HSCs for a wide range of cell and gene therapies, but the same process is also a driver of the abnormal expansion of HSCs in diseases such as cancer. Although HSCs are first produced during early embryonic development, the key stage and location where they undergo maximal expansion is in the foetal liver, making this tissue a rich source of data for deciphering the molecules driving HSC self-renewal. Another equally interesting stage occurs post-birth, several weeks after HSCs have migrated to the bone marrow, when HSCs undergo a developmental switch and adopt a more dormant state. Characterising these transition points during development is key, both for understanding the evolution of haematological malignancies and for developing methods to promote HSC expansion. In this Spotlight article, we provide an overview of some of the key insights that studying HSC development have brought to the fields of HSC expansion and translational medicine, many of which set the stage for the next big breakthroughs in the field.
Living HTA: Automating Health Economic Evaluation with R
Authors: Smith Robert A. , Schneider Paul P. , Mohammed Wael 
Published: October 2022

Background: Requiring access to sensitive data can be a significant obstacle for the development of health models in the Health Economics & Outcomes Research (HEOR) setting. We demonstrate how health economic evaluation can be conducted with minimal transfer of data between parties, while automating reporting as new information becomes available. Methods: We developed an automated analysis and reporting pipeline for health economic modelling and made the source code openly available on a GitHub repository. The pipeline consists of three parts: An economic model is constructed by the consultant using pseudo data. On the data-owner side, an application programming interface (API) is hosted on a server. This API hosts all sensitive data, so that data does not have to be provided to the consultant. An automated workflow is created, which calls the API, retrieves results, and generates a report. Results: The application of modern data science tools and practices allows analyses of data without the need for direct access – negating the need to send sensitive data. In addition, the entire workflow can be largely automated: the analysis can be scheduled to run at defined time points (e.g. monthly), or when triggered by an event (e.g. an update to the underlying data or model code); results can be generated automatically and then be exported into a report. Documents no longer need to be revised manually. Conclusions: This example demonstrates that it is possible, within a HEOR setting, to separate the health economic model from the data, and automate the main steps of the analysis pipeline.
Teleorthodontics: a patient and orthodontist perspective
Authors: Henein Claudy , Seager Leonie , Carter Louise , Deeming Guy 
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of conducting remote new patient consultations using teleorthodontics. Part 1 of the study used a five-point Likert-scale patient questionnaire and Part 2 comprised an orthodontist service evaluation assessing: (1) ease of use; (2) effectiveness; (3) reliability; (4) patient satisfaction; and (5) orthodontist satisfaction and outcome. The results for Part 1 showed that overall, 99% of patients reported that the system was easy to use, while 98% felt that it met their needs and 91% would choose to consult with a healthcare professional in a remote consultation in the future. For Part 2, 87% of orthodontists reported the remote consultation system worked well. Orthodontists were unable to identify the IOTN in 11% of cases and 11% required a further face-to-face appointment for imaging or clinical examination. In conclusion, teleorthodontics has the potential to augment traditional clinical services, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, and beyond. An overwhelmingly positive response towards teleorthodontics was obtained from patient and specialist orthodontist stakeholders. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The teleorthodontic system demonstrates improved patient and orthodontist acceptance and feasibility and can deliver good outcomes.
Delayed biological tooth eruption and eruptive potential: a case series
Authors: Schwabe Saskia , Storey Madeleine 
Published: October 2022

Delayed eruption is a commonly encountered problem and its management poses an orthodontic challenge that should be considered on a case-by-case basis. The stage of root development, root morphology and degree of ectopia, as well the patient's age and any relevant medical history, are essential in determining the prognosis for spontaneous eruption. This case series demonstrates three cases where spontaneous eruption was unexpected, owing to various factors. These cases highlight the importance of removal of occlusal obstructions and an observation period to allow for improvement in position of an unerupted tooth before definitive treatment decisions are made. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Determining the potential for future spontaneous eruption, or improvement in position, can minimize the need for prolonged orthodontic management or potential prosthetic replacement.
Usefulness of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 in Elderly Individuals With Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Takeda Tsutomu , Asaoka Daisuke , Nojiri Shuko , Yanagisawa Naotake , Nishizaki Yuji , Osada Taro , Koido Shigeo , Nagahara Akihito , Katsumata Noriko , Odamaki Toshitaka , Xiao Jin-Zhong , Ohkusa Toshifumi , Sato Nobuhiro 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Few reports exist regarding the therapeutic effects of probiotics on chronic constipation in elderly individuals. This study evaluated the effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 in elderly individuals with chronic constipation.

METHODS:
This was a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, parallel-group superiority trial in Japan (UMIN 000033031). Eighty older adults diagnosed with chronic constipation were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either probiotics (B. longum BB536, 5 × 1010 colony-forming unit, n = 39) or placebo (n = 41) once daily for up to 4 weeks. The severity of constipation was evaluated using the Constipation Scoring System. The primary end point was the difference in the changes from baseline in the constipation scoring system total score between the 2 groups at week 4.

RESULTS:
A total of 79 patients (mean age of 77.9 years), including 38 patients in the BB536 group and 41 in the placebo group, completed the study. The primary end point was not significant (P = 0.074), although there was significant improvement (P < 0.01) in the BB536 group from baseline to week 4, but there were no significant changes in the placebo group. There was a significant difference and a tendency toward a difference in the changes from baseline on the stool frequency (P = 0.008) and failure of evacuation (P = 0.051) subscales, respectively, at week 4 between the 2 groups. Few adverse events related to the probiotics were observed.

DISCUSSION:
The primary end points were not significant. However, probiotic supplementation significantly improved bowel movements. These results suggest that B. longum BB536 supplementation is safe and partially effective for improving chronic constipation in elderly individuals.