bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Endoscopic” adenoma detection rate as a quality indicator of colonoscopy: First report from the J‐SCOUT study
Authors: Kawamura Takuji , Sekiguchi Masau , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Mizuguchi Yasuhiko , Horiguchi Go , Kato Masayuki , Kobayashi Kiyonori , Sada Miwa , Oda Yasushi , Yokoyama Akira , Utsumi Takahiro , Tsuji Yosuke , Ohki Daisuke , Takeuchi Yoji , Shichijo Satoki , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Matsuda Koji , Teramukai Satoshi , Kobayashi Nozomu , Matsuda Takahisa , Saito Yutaka , Tanaka Kiyohito 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo examine whether reasonable detection rate of endoscopically diagnosed lesions as adenoma (“endoscopic” adenoma detection rate [ADR]) could be calculated with a database generated from colonoscopy reports and whether it could be used as a surrogate colonoscopy quality indicator of “pathological” ADR.MethodsA lesion‐by‐lesion database of colonoscopies performed between 2010 and 2020 at eight Japanese endoscopy centers and corresponding pathology database were integrated. Differences in numbers of detected polyps, “endoscopic” and “pathological” adenomas, and what these differences could be attributed to were examined. Polyp detection rate (PDR), “endoscopic” and “pathological” ADRs, and correlation coefficients between “pathological” ADR and PDR or “endoscopic” ADR by each endoscopist were calculated.ResultsOverall, 129,065 colonoscopy reports were analyzed. Among a total of 146,854 polyps, more “endoscopic” adenomas (n = 117,359) were observed than “pathological” adenomas (n = 70,076), primarily because adenomas were not resected on site, rather than because of a misdiagnosis. In all patients analyzed, PDR, “endoscopic” and “pathological” ADRs were 56.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 56.2–56.7), 48.0% (95% CI 47.7–48.3), and 32.7% (95% CI 32.5–33.0), respectively. “Endoscopic” and “pathological” ADRs from each endoscopist showed a high correlation in hospitals where adenomas were usually resected at the time of examination.ConclusionsBy appropriately describing endoscopically diagnosed lesions as “adenomas” in endoscopy reports, “endoscopic” ADR might be used as a surrogate colonoscopy quality indicator of “pathological” ADR (UMIN000040690).
A phase 1 study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of danuglipron (PF‐06882961), an oral small‐molecule glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ono Ryosuke , Furihata Kenichi , Ichikawa Yoshihiko , Nakazuru Yoshiomi , Bergman Arthur , Gorman Donal N. , Saxena Aditi R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsThis study investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of danuglipron (PF‐06882961), which is a novel, oral small‐molecule glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, in Japanese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsThis phase 1, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study enrolled adult Japanese participants with T2DM inadequately controlled on diet and exercise. Participants received twice‐daily oral doses of placebo or multiple ascending doses of danuglipron titrated to 40, 80 or 120 mg twice daily over 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the safety and tolerability of danuglipron. Secondary and exploratory outcomes included plasma pharmacokinetics, glycaemic parameters and body weight.ResultsIn the 37 participants randomized, the most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea and headache. Most treatment‐emergent adverse events were of mild or moderate intensity. Dose‐proportional increases in danuglipron exposure parameters were observed at steady state (Day 56). Significant reductions from baseline were observed with danuglipron on Day 56 for mean daily glucose [least squares mean (90% confidence interval) placebo‐adjusted difference of up to −67.89 (−88.98, −46.79) mg/dl] and on Day 57 for fasting plasma glucose [up to −40.87 (−53.77, −27.98) mg/dl], glycated haemoglobin [up to −1.41% (−2.01%, −0.82%)] and body weight [up to −1.87 (−3.58, −0.17) kg].ConclusionsIn Japanese adults with T2DM, danuglipron exhibited dose‐proportional increases in plasma exposure at steady state and robustly reduced glycaemic parameters and body weight after 8 weeks of dosing, with a safety profile consistent with the mechanism of action.
Echo‐Doppler measures of right ventricular systolic function are affected by reduced left ventricular systolic function
Authors: López‐Candales Angel , Vallurupalli Srikanth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundObjective right ventricular (RV) systolic function assessment is attained using a series of well‐described and validated echo‐Doppler measurements. However, how left ventricular (LV) systolic function influences these RV functional measurements has not been previously studied. Consequently, we conducted a retrospective proof‐of‐concept analysis to answer this important question.MethodsA total of 100 echocardiographic studies were included and patients were divided into two groups according to their LV ejection fraction (LVEF). The following RV variables were acquired including, tricuspid annular systolic plane excursion (TAPSE), velocity of the systolic motion (TA TDI s’), RV outflow tract velocity time integral (VTI), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and the TAPSE to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ratio.ResultsNot only TAPSE, TA DI s’, RVOT VTI, PVR, and TAPSE/PASP were all significantly different between patients with normal versus abnormal LVEF; but most importantly, RVOT VTI (p < .0001) was the best discriminatory variable in assessing normal versus abnormal LVEF followed by TAPSE (p = .0001). Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, an RVOT VTI value > 11 identified patients with a normal LVEF with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 76%.ConclusionBased on our results, reduced LVEF affects the RV, likely mediated by mechanisms of interventricular dependence. Therefore, RV analysis cannot be performed in isolation as it not only reflects intrinsic RV systolic function but also, is dependent on LV systolic function. In cases of reduced LVEF, additional measures of RV assessment should be used to provide better objective assessments.
The impact of dismantling state monopoly on market integration: Evidence from the edible salt reform in China
Authors: Hou Xinyu , Sun Puyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractState monopoly hinders market integration through rising interregional trade barriers. This article provides an account of the market reform on dismantling state monopoly as a natural experiment to investigate the extent to which the reform affects domestic market integration. The state monopoly on China's edible salt market was dismantled by implementing a market reform on the first of January 2017 that terminated the 2000‐year state monopoly on edible salt. Using a set of unique retailing price datasets on edible salt across cities over 10‐day periods every month, we take advantage of the regional and temporal variances of edible salt retailing price between origins of production and other cities to demonstrate market integration nationwide in China. The regression discontinuity estimation is leveraged based on an apparently sharp discontinuity in inter‐city price differences. The results suggest that the dissolution of state monopoly on edible salt market leads to a 3.14 percent decrease in price differences of edible salt between origins and other cities, thus ultimately resulting in the promoted market integration. The results also suggest that the varied iodine contents in edible salt, the market power of state‐owned enterprises and the government‐firm relationships exert promising roles in the influence.
The effect of habitat amount on flight‐related traits in the butterflyHamadryas februais sex‐dependent
Authors: Lion Marília Bruzzi , Reis Scarlett , de Brito Marcos Roberto Monteiro , Cardoso Márcio Zikán 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMobility in flying animals can be assessed by variations in morpho–ecological traits such as body, thorax and wing sizes, wing shape and the proportion between body mass and wing area. Habitat loss and fragmentation can promote phenotypic plasticity and microevolutionary divergencies in natural populations. In this context, sexual differences in physiology and behaviour can impose different selection pressure on morphological aspects related to flight.We evaluated the relative impact of forest patch area and habitat amount in shaping flight‐related morpho–ecological traits of the tropical butterflyHamadryas februa. We find a marked sexual dimorphism in the species, with females being larger, having larger thorax, higher wing loadings and larger wing total area than males. These trait values indicate females as the more dispersive sex. We show that habitat amount modulates body mass allocations in both sexes, leading to an increase in thorax mass with decreasing habitat amount. The effect of habitat amount was more pronounced in females, which increased total mass and wing loading while decreasing thorax allocation with decreasing habitat amount. This outcome suggests that females increase abdominal mass in response to a reduction in habitat amount. The focal forest patch increasing area was linked to increases in hindwing lengths in both females and males.We advocate that both landscape metrics (i.e., habitat amount and patch area) should be considered in studies evaluating landscapes' impacts on insect mobility. We discuss results in terms of the species' sexual differences in flight behaviour and the relative importance of both landscape metrics.
Amp(1q) and tetraploidy are commonly acquired chromosomal abnormalities in relapsed multiple myeloma
Authors: Locher Maurus , Jukic Emina , Vogi Verena , Keller Markus A. , Kröll Teresa , Schwendinger Simon , Oberhuber Klaus , Verdorfer Irmgard , Mühlegger Beatrix E. , Witsch‐Baumgartner Martina , Nachbaur David , Willenbacher Wolfgang , Gunsilius Eberhard , Wolf Dominik , Zschocke Johannes , Steiner Normann 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLong‐term disease control in multiple myeloma (MM) is typically an unmet medical need, and most patients experience multiple relapses. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the standard technique to detect chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), which are important to estimate the prognosis of MM and the allocation of risk adapted therapies. In advanced stages, the importance of CAs needs further investigation. From 148 MM patients, two or more paired samples, at least one of which was collected at relapse, were analyzed by FISH. Using targeted next‐generation sequencing, we molecularly investigated samples harboring relapse‐associated CAs. Sixty‐one percent of the patients showed a change in the cytogenetic profile during the disease course, including 10% who acquired high‐risk cytogenetics. Amp(1q) (≥4 copies of 1q21), driven by an additional increase in copy number in patients who already had 3 copies of 1q21, was the most common acquired CA with 16% affected patients. Tetraploidy, found in 10% of the samples collected at the last time‐point, was unstable over the course of the disease and was associated with TP53 lesions. Our results indicate that cytogenetic progression is common in relapsed patients. The relatively high frequency of amp(1q) suggests an active role for this CA in disease progression.
Black Theology before the Decolonial Turn
Authors: Tom Nobesuthu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe concept of decoloniality has become so popular that one might be forgiven for thinking it is an innovation of the 1990s or 2000s. In fact, decolonial thinking was practised by many academic disciplines even before Anibal Quijano developed the concept of decoloniality. An exploration of Black theology, especially focusing on the writings of James Cone, shows that qualities characteristic of decolonial thinking have been present within Black theology since the 1970s. This article identifies these characteristics within the decolonial wound as a point of origin for Black theology, the unmasking of epistemic silences, the distortions and denials of white theology, and the practices of epistemic disobedience. It concludes by contending that Black theology is a project in continuous evolution.
The “Pinkster Kerk” as a Site of Indigenous Religious Expression within Black Pentecostal Theology
Authors: Jodamus Johnathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeploying a decolonial epistemological framework that brings critical race and identity theory into conversation with African and Black theologies, this article explores the phenomenon of Pinkster Kerk as a productive site for indigenous meaning‐making within studies on Black theology and African Pentecostalism. Through an autobiographical account of Pinkster and a systematic critical review of the literature on Black theology and African Pentecostalism, I argue that South African Black theology, and studies of Pentecostalism in particular, have much to gain from this unique expression of Pentecostalism found on the Cape Flats. This conversation reflects on three interrelated areas – indigenous religion, Black theology, and African Pentecostalism – and offers some theoretical insights and philosophical signposts for expanding discussion on issues of identity, politics, and race within each of these fields of study.
“Black, Queer, and Christian”
Authors: Adera Godfrey Owino 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to the panoply of theological discourses in Africa that seek to identify the role and the place of Black theology in post‐apartheid South Africa and the broader context of postcolonial Africa. This task is premised on two assertions. First is the argument of Alistair Kee that Black theology would have become redundant with the end of apartheid if racism remained its only subject of critical analysis. Second, Kee’s assertion corroborates Allan Boesak’s observation that beyond its goal to support the end of apartheid, Black theology is an ongoing discourse to rediscover and reclaim human dignity and identity. These two arguments underscore the need for a reassessment of South African Black theologies, redefining this theology’s foundational ideals and casting new visions for emerging theological concerns today, including for the wider African context. The paper therefore explores the intersecting identities of “black, queer, and Christian” as an imperative for Black theologies’ discourses in Africa today. Using a queer Black consciousness as a theoretical lens, these identities are examined through the eucharistic ritual of an LGBT church in Kenya where the phrase “this is my body,” on the institution of the eucharistic meal in the gospels, has become concretized and performed as a liberative praxis for people who identify as LGBT. As such, it is argued that the eucharistic ritual becomes a symbol, an art, and an act of resistance in Africa, where LGBT people continue to assert and affirm their identity and dignity of blackness, queerness, and faith (Christian).
Vulnerable by Design
Authors: Fortein Eugene 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic plunged vulnerable populations and the church in South Africa into a crisis. This article argues that the situation of poor and vulnerable people is not an accident but a deliberate design of the powerful and is therefore closely linked to South Africa’s political past. The paper traces the origins of structural vulnerabilities in various apartheid laws, including the Native Land Act, the Group Areas Act, and the Bantu Education Act. It argues that this deliberate shaping of vulnerable groups continues in post‐apartheid South Africa – hence, South Africa has evolved from a racialized society to a market‐based society. Finally, the article concludes that the COVID‐19 pandemic offers a kairos moment for the church in South Africa to redesign its theologies and consider an option for Black theology as prophetic theology.
Steve Biko’s Black Theology of Liberation from the Perspective of Ubuntu
Authors: Kobe Sandiswa Lerato 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article seeks to bring Steve Biko’s Black theology of liberation (BTL) into dialogue with Desmond Tutu’s BTL. Using the philosophy of ubuntu as a lens, the article interrogates the differences in Tutu’s and Biko’s use of this approach in their quest for Black liberation. Several scholars have argued that within the context of BTL, Tutu relied more on Christian theology derived from the Bible and tradition, while Biko relied more on Black consciousness to develop their thinking. In this article, I show how they each used ubuntu as a philosophy, even though they used it differently, especially when read in the context of race and reconciliation. The article concludes that Biko’s understanding of Isintu – African culture, African spirituality, and the African philosophy of ubuntu – can help shape Black consciousness philosophy and thus is important, especially for a contemporary BTL.
Blackness and the God of the Oppressed
Authors: Mdingi Hlulani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe state of blackness oscillates between two speculative positions: The first puts forward the irrelevance of race in the modern technological period, a view often coming from those who are colour blind and “optimistic” futurists. The second postulates the need to reaffirm the condition of blackness in a racist and capitalistic production‐driven society. The article argues that in whatever direction technology is going, perhaps through its God complex, idolatry, and the enormous funding behind artificial intelligence, technology and so on, blackness in the age of technology is still an insignia toward humanization and liberation. The eschatological dystopia often portrayed in science fiction is, in fact, here and now; therefore, we must pause and ask if modern technology is a friend, a foe, or just a distraction leading us into the abyss of decay, hopelessness, and landlessness. Political blackness should continue guiding our steps and reality in a world that fails to acknowledge the depths of its racism.
Black Theology in Theological Education
Authors: Headley Selena D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development and key features of African women’s theologies, primarily through the Circle of Concerned African Women Theologians, has entered the mainstream of theological education, which could provide insights for Black theology. In the landscape of theological education, which has been dominated by western‐centric approaches, Black theology and the quest for liberation have made some inroads in challenging dominant discourses. However, aspirations for a liberative Afrocentric curriculum and pedagogy are yet to be realized. This paper will briefly survey the development of Black theology, primarily in the South African context, where theology was dominated by universal Western claims to theological education and repressive anti‐Black theology. Second, the development of African women’s theologies, primarily through the work of the Circle of Concerned African Women Theologians, will be explored with particular features which created inroads in theological education despite its marginal position. Finally, the paper will review how robust engagement with the lived realities of African women and their communities through engendering theological education has broadened the scope of the educational enterprise. The intersectional methodological and pedagogical approaches of African women’s theologies open up space to focus on praxis and the lived realities of Africans, which could be instructive to proponents of Black theology.
On Re‐Membering Reconciliation and the Black Theological Impulse Embedded in the Kairos Document
Authors: Solomons Demaine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe debates about reconciliation in post‐apartheid South Africa tend to vacillate between paradigms set as dualisms: justice versus peace, equality versus unity, and repentance versus forgiveness. Inspired by Black theological impulses, the Kairos Document (1985) makes a choice in each of these cases: the prerequisite for peace is justice, for unity is equality, and for forgiveness is repentance. Contained within the Kairos Document is the impulse for what it refers to as “prophetic theology” as opposed to “state” and “church” theologies. In this context, the ideals of peace, unity, and forgiveness remain important ideals in post‐apartheid South Africa, and while the freedoms of the Black democratic state have been achieved, justice, peace, and unity remain ideals that need to be fought for, hence the continued need for Black liberation theology. This contribution makes a case for retrieving the Black theological impulse embedded in the Kairos Document for navigating the complex and contested terrain of reconciliation in post‐apartheid South Africa. Through re‐membering the Kairos Document, Christians are challenged to reflect on reconciliation not just as a social problem but as something included in God’s work of reconciliation in Christ, a reconciliation that reflects faith in God’s word, mapping a future out of our painful past.
Walking Together to the Promised Land
Authors: Kobo Fundiswa A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article posits that Black theology of liberation (BTL) focused only on race and class, even when it included patriarchy in its theological vision, thus running the risk of truncating the liberation of Black humanity. The rigidity of patriarchy and the continued tendency of BTL to speak of the Black community as if Black women do not exist is a problem. It is only by debunking and critiquing the androcentric perspectives of Black consciousness and BTL and clarifying, therefore, the type of womanism that might assist in a quest for the comprehensive liberation of Black personhood. This is what is envisioned in this article: a womanism that stands face to face with another’s struggles and lived experiences of Black women and men. This paper identifies the tenets of the dialogue between Black theologies of liberation and womanist theologies and argues for a comprehensive, combined vision that debunks Eurocentric, conquering, and patriarchal systems of knowledge, life, and spirituality.
Writing the History of Ecumenism
Authors: Clements Keith 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntended as a review of the first volume of the new multi‐volume publication A History of the Desire for Christian Unity, this article also considers approaches to the writing of ecumenical history, which can, it asserts, quickly become contested history, and on two fronts. First, ecumenical history cannot isolate itself from the modern, secular approach to historiography, where historical developments are accounted for within the framework of human, social, psychological, economic, and cultural forces without regard to specifically religious factors (still less, divine involvement). Second, advocacy for Christian unity takes different forms, promoted variously by particular churches and traditions, or by the ecumenical organizations themselves, or by certain interest groups.