bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Intelligent Nanovehicle Armed with Multifunctional Navigation for Precise Delivery of Toll‐Like Receptor 7/8 Agonist and Immunogenic Cell Death Amplifiers to Eliminate Solid Tumors and Trigger Durable Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Hao Yanyun , Li Hui , Zhao Huajun , Liu Yutong , Ge Xiaoyan , Li Xia , Chen Hongfei , Yang Ailu , Zou Jing , Li Xue , Sun Xuechun , Zhang Xinke , Wang Xiao , Li Zepeng , Zhang Qilu , Wu Hao , Wang Guan , Zhang Jian , De Geest Bruno G. , Zhang Zhiyue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCancer immunotherapy is revolutionary in oncology and hematology. However, a low response rate restricts the clinical benefits of this therapy owing to inadequate T lymphocyte infiltration and low delivery efficiency of immunotherapeutic drugs. Herein, an intelligent nanovehicle (folic acid (FA)/1‐(4‐(aminomethyl) benzyl)‐2‐butyl‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐c]quinolin‐4‐amine (IMDQ)‐oxaliplatin (F/IMO)@CuS) armed with multifunctional navigation is designed for the accurate delivery of cargoes to tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), respectively. The nanovehicle is based on a near infrared‐responsive inorganic CuS nanoparticles, acting as a photosensitizer and carrier of the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin, and enters tumor cells owing to the presence of folic acid on the surface of CuS upon intratumoral injection. Furthermore, a toll‐like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist‐conjugated polymer, anchored on the surface of CuS, is modified with mannose to bind with DCs in the tumor microenvironment. Upon exposure to laser irradiation, nanovehicles disassemble, releasing oxaliplatin, to ablate tumor cells and amplify immunogenic cell death in combination with photothermal therapy. Mannose‐modified polymer‐TLR7/8 agonist conjugates are subsequently exposed, leading to the activation of DCs and proliferation of T cells. Collectively, these intelligent nanovehicles reduce tumor burden, exert a robust antitumor immune response, and generate long‐term immune protection to prevent tumor recurrence.
Biomaterial Scaffolds Made of Chemically Cross‐Linked Gelatin Microsphere Aggregates (C‐GMSs) Promote Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Wang Peiyan , Meng Xinyue , Wang Runze , Yang Wei , Yang Lanting , Wang Jianxun , Wang Dong‐An , Fan Changjiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVarious scaffolding systems have been attempted to facilitate vascularization in tissue engineering by optimizing biophysical properties (e.g., vascular‐like structures, porous architectures, surface topographies) or loading biochemical factors (e.g., growth factors, hormones). However, vascularization during ossification remains an unmet challenge that hampers the repair of large bone defects. In this study, reconstructing vascularized bones in situ against critical‐sized bone defects is endeavored using newly developed scaffolds made of chemically cross‐linked gelatin microsphere aggregates (C‐GMSs). The rationale of this design lies in the creation and optimization of cell–material interfaces to enhance focal adhesion, proliferation, and function of anchorage‐dependent functional cells. In vitro trials are carried out by coculturing human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and murine osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3‐E1) within C‐GMS scaffolds, in which endothelialized bone‐like constructs are yielded. Angiogenesis and osteogenesis induced by C‐GMSs scaffold are further confirmed via subcutaneous‐embedding trials in nude mice. In situ trials for the repair of critical‐sized femoral defects are subsequently performed in rats. The acellular C‐GMSs with interconnected macropores, exhibit the capability to recruit the endogenous cells (e.g., bone‐forming cells, vascular forming cells, immunocytes) and then promote vascularized bone regeneration as well as integration with host bone.
Soft Wireless Bioelectronics Designed for Real‐Time, Continuous Health Monitoring of Farmworkers
Authors: Kim Yun‐Soung , Kim Jihoon , Chicas Roxana , Xiuhtecutli Nezahualcoyotl , Matthews Jared , Zavanelli Nathan , Kwon Shinjae , Lee Sung Hoon , Hertzberg Vicki S. , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHotter summers caused by global warming and increased workload and duration are endangering the health of farmworkers, a high‐risk population for heat‐related illness (HRI), and deaths. Although prior studies using wearable sensors show the feasibility of employing field‐collected data for HRI monitoring, existing devices still have limitations, such as data loss from motion artifacts, device discomfort from rigid electronics, difficulties with administering ingestible sensors, and low temporal resolution. Here, this paper introduces a wireless, wearable bioelectronic system with functionalities for continuous monitoring of skin temperature, electrocardiograms (ECG), heart rates (HR), and activities, configured in a single integrated package. Advanced nanomanufacturing based on laser machining allows rapid device fabrication and direct incorporation of sensors with a highly breathable substrate, allowing for managing excessive sweating and multimodal stresses. To validate the device's performance in agricultural settings, the device is applied to multiple farmworkers at various operations, including fernery, nursery, and crop. The accurate data recording, including high‐fidelity ECG (signal‐to‐noise ratio: >20 dB), accurate HR (r = 0.89, r2 = 0.65 in linear correlation), and reliable temperature/activity, confirms the device's capability for multiparameter health monitoring of farmworkers.
Sequential Phase Conversion‐Induced Phosphides Heteronanorod Arrays for Superior Hydrogen Evolution Performance to Pt in Wide pH Media
Authors: Yang Hongyuan , Guo Peifang , Wang Ruirui , Chen Ziliang , Xu Hongbin , Pan Hongge , Sun Dalin , Fang Fang , Wu Renbing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeveloping an efficient and non‐precious pH‐universal hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst is highly desirable for hydrogen production by electrochemical water splitting but remains a significant challenge. Herein, a hierarchical structure composed of heterostructured Ni2P‐Ni12P5 nanorod arrays rooted on Ni3S2 film (Ni2P‐Ni12P5@Ni3S2) via a simultaneous corrosion and sulfidation is built followed by a phosphidation treatment toward the metallic nickel foam. The combination of theoretical calculations with in/ex situ characterizations unveils that such a unique sequential phase conversion strategy ensures the strong interfacial coupling between Ni2P and Ni12P5 as well as the robust stabilization of 1D heteronanorod arrays by Ni3S2 film, resulting in the promoted water adsorption/dissociation energy, the optimized hydrogen adsorption energy, and the enhanced electron/proton transfer ability accompanied with an excellent stability. Consequently, Ni2P‐Ni12P5@Ni3S2/NF requires only 32, 46, and 34 mV overpotentials to drive 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH, 0.5 m H2SO4, and 1.0 m phosphate‐buffered saline electrolytes, respectively, exceeding almost all the previously reported non‐noble metal‐based electrocatalysts. This work may pave a new avenue for the rational design of non‐precious electrocatalysts toward pH‐universal hydrogen evolution catalysis.
Anion‐Exchange Driven Phase Transition in CsPbI3 Nanowires for Fabricating Epitaxial Perovskite Heterojunctions
Authors: Li Jing , Xu Jiao , Bao Yanan , Li Jianliang , Wang Hengshan , He Chengyu , An Meiqi , Tang Huayi , Sun Zhiguang , Fang Yurui , Liang Shuang , Yang Yiming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnion‐exchange in halide perovskites provides a unique pathway of bandgap engineering for fabricating heterojunctions in low‐cost photovoltaics and optoelectronics. However, it remains challenging to achieve robust and sharp perovskite heterojunctions, due to the spontaneous anion interdiffusion across the heterojunction in 3D perovskites. Here, it is shown that the anionic behavior in 1D perovskites is fundamentally different, that the anion exchange can readily drive an indirect‐to‐direct bandgap phase transition in CsPbI3 nanowires (NWs) and greatly lower the phase transition temperature. In addition, the heterojunction created by phase transition is epitaxial in nature, and its chemical composition can be precisely controlled upon postannealing. Further study of the phase transition dynamics reveals a threshold‐dominating anion exchange mechanism in these 1D NWs rather than the gradient‐dominating mechanism in 3D systems. The results provide important insights into the ionic behavior in halide perovskites, which is beneficial for applications in solar cells, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), and other semiconductor devices.
A Family of Frost‐Resistant and Icephobic Coatings
Authors: Chatterjee Rukmava , Bararnia Hassan , Anand Sushant 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnti‐icing and icephobic materials play a crucial role in demanding applications ranging from energy to transportation systems operating in frigid climates. Despite remarkable advancements in the development of such surface coatings, the use of anti/de‐icing chemicals remains one of the go‐to solutions for ice management. However, they are notoriously prone to removal by shear forces and dissolution. Herein, the design rationale for developing a family of cryoprotectant and phase‐change material (PCM)‐based compositions in the form of mixtures, non‐aqueous emulsions‐creams, and gels that can substantially overcome such challenges is reported. This is achieved through the sustenance of an in‐situ‐generated surface hydration layer that protects the underlying substrate from a variety of foulants, varying from ice to disease‐causing bacteria. Each formulation utilizes unique chemistry to curtail the embodied cryoprotectant loss and can be easily applied as an all‐in‐one sprayable/paintable coating capable of significantly outperforming untreated industrial materials in terms of their ability to delay condensation‐frosting and shed ice simultaneously. Concomitantly, an array of formulation‐specific functionalities is observed in the family, which includes optical transparency, mechanical durability, high shear‐flow stability, and self‐healing characteristics.
Production of Large‐Area Nucleus‐Free Single‐Crystal Graphene‐Mesh Metamaterials with Zigzag Edges
Authors: Tian Bo , Li Junzhu , Samad Abdus , Schwingenschlögl Udo , Lanza Mario , Zhang Xixiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn addition to conventional monolayer or bilayer graphene films, graphene‐mesh metamaterials have attracted considerable research attention within the scientific community owing to their unique physical and optical properties. Currently, most graphene‐mesh metamaterials are fabricated using common lithography techniques on exfoliated graphene flakes, which require the deposition and removal of chemicals during fabrication. This process may introduce contamination or doping, thereby limiting their production size and application in nanodevices. Herein, the controlled production of wafer‐scale high‐quality single‐crystal nucleus‐free graphene‐mesh metamaterial films with zigzag edges is demonstrated. The 13C‐isotopic labeling graphene‐growth approach, large‐area Raman mapping techniques, and a uniquely designed high‐voltage localized‐space air‐ionization etching method are utilized to directly remove the graphene nuclei. Subsequently, a hydrogen‐assisted anisotropic etching process is employed for transforming irregular edges into zigzag edges within the hexagonal‐shaped holes, producing a large‐scale single‐crystal high‐quality graphene‐mesh metamaterial film on a Cu(111) substrate. The carrier mobilities of the fabricated field‐effect transistors on the as‐produced films are measured. The findings of this study enable the large‐scale production of high‐quality low‐dimensional graphene‐mesh metamaterials and provide insights for the application of integrated circuits based on graphene and other 2D metamaterials.
A Bi‐Layer Hydrogel Cardiac Patch Made of Recombinant Functional Proteins
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyu , Feng Teng , An Bolin , Ren Susu , Meng Jufeng , Li Ke , Liu Suying , Wu Haiying , Zhang Hui , Zhong Chao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of minimally invasive cardiac patches, either as hemostatic dressing or treating myocardial infarction, is of clinical significance but remains a major challenge. Designing such patches often requires simultaneous consideration of several material attributes, including bioabsorption, non‐toxicity, matching the mechanic properties of heart tissues, and working efficiently in wet and dynamic environments. Using genetically engineered multi‐domain proteins, a printed bi‐layer proteinaceous hydrogel patch for heart failure treatments is reported. The intrinsic self‐healing nature of hydrogel materials physically enables seamless interfacial integration of two disparate hydrogel layers and functionally endows the cardiac patches with the combinatorial advantages of each layer. Leveraging the biocompatibility, structural stability, and tunable drug release properties of the bi‐layer hydrogel, promising effects of hemostasis, fibrosis reduction, and heart function recovery on mice is demonstrated with two myocardium damage models. Moreover, this proteinaceous patch is proved biodegradable in vivo without any additive inflammations. In conclusion, this work introduces a promising new type of minimally invasive patch based on genetically modified double‐layer protein gel for treating heart‐related injuries or diseases.
Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes for Long‐Term Tumor Tracking with Incremental NIR‐II Emission
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Li Zeshun , Zhu Ziyue , Chia Geraldine W. N. , Mikhailovsky Alexander , Vázquez Ricardo Javier , Chan Samuel J. W. , Li Kai , Liu Bin , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe design and synthesis of the near‐infrared (NIR)‐II emissive conjugated oligoelectrolyte COE‐BBT are reported. COE‐BBT has a solubility in aqueous media greater than 50 mg mL−1, low toxicity, and a propensity to intercalate lipid bilayers, wherein it exhibits a higher emission quantum yield relative to aqueous media. Addition of COE‐BBT to cells provides two emission channels, at ≈500 and ≈1020 nm, depending on the excitation wavelength, which facilitates in vitro confocal microscopy and in vivo animal imaging. The NIR‐II emission of COE‐BBT is used to track intracranial and subcutaneous tumor progression in mice. Of relevance is that the total NIR‐II intensity increases over time. This phenomenon is attributed to a progressive attenuation of a COE‐BBT self‐quenching effect within the cells due to the expected dye dilution per cell as the tumor proliferates.
Electrochromic Displays Manufactured by a Combination of Vapor Phase Polymerization and Screen Printing
Authors: Brooke Robert , Petsagkourakis Ioannis , Wijeratne Kosala , Andersson Ersman Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSmart label technology such as indicators is a growing field due to society's demand for Internet of Things devices. New materials and technologies are continuously being discovered and developed in order to provide better resolution, better performance, or more environmentally friendly devices. Within this report, screen printing technology is combined with vapor phase polymerization to synthesize three conductive polymers; poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polypyrrole (PPy), and polythiophene (PTh). The conductive polymers are created in micrometer resolution and investigated for their electrochromic properties. PEDOT and PPy samples are combined into printed, laminated, transmissive electrochromic displays. The technology is further advanced to establish separate PEDOT, PPy, and PTh all‐printed electrochromic displays using several screen printed layers. The PEDOT displays show improved color retention as compared to displays created with commercially available PEDOT:poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) with comparable contrast and switching behavior. All‐printed PPy and PTh electrochromic displays with impressive electrochromic behavior are demonstrated. More complex patterns of 7‐segment displays are created, thereby highlighting flexibility and individually switched sections of the conductive polymers. This research extends the screen printing and vapor phase polymerization combination to other conductive polymers and the potential commercialization of multicolor electrochromic displays that has been otherwise dominated by monochromatic PEDOT:PSS.
Efficient Interfacial Synthesis Strategy for Perovskite CsPbBr3 Nanorods in the Biphase Solution
Authors: Xie Jinfeng , Wu Linzhong , Cao Muhan , Zhong Qixuan , Zeng Ying , Ni Chuanxin , Qian Qingyi , Zhang Xiaohong , Huang He 
Published: March 2022

Abstract1D APbX3 (A = Cs, MA, FA, X = Cl, Br, I) nanorods (NRs) show potential for the future integrated optoelectronic devices as the ideal building blocks due to their outstanding optoelectronic performances. However, there is still a lack of high‐efficiency controllable strategies to synthesize CsPbX3 NRs. An interfacial synthesis strategy is shown here to fabricate CsPbBr3 NRs by inserting Pb2+ into postsynthetic CsBr nanocrystals in vortex method at the water‐hexane interface. The water phase can intrinsically separate from the hexane phase in such a system and take away excess Pb2+ and other side reaction salts. Additionally, without additional ligand assisted growth, the whole reaction system could result in a very clean surface of CsPbBr3 NRs, eliminating the further purification process. The new approach for interfacial synthesis paves the way for efficient synthesis of CsPbBr3 nanorods.
Tunable Thermofluorochromic Sensors Based on Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Bellacanzone Christian , Otaegui Jaume Ramon , Hernando Jordi , Ruiz‐Molina Daniel , Roscini Claudio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEven though thermofluorochromic materials are eternal candidates for their use in multiple applications, they are still limited as they require complex synthetic strategies to accomplish tunable optical properties and/or provide optical changes only over a very wide temperature range. By taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the optical properties of conjugated polymers and oligomers to the external environment, herein phase change material (PCM)‐based thermofluorochromic mixtures are created, where the solid‐to‐liquid transition of the PCM host triggers a sharp fluorescence color change of the dispersed polymers/oligomers. Fluorophore conjugation length, concentration, and PCM nature can be used to vary the spectral properties of the resulting materials along the visible region, covering a large part of the CIE 1931 color space. For the preparation of functional devices, this behavior can be directly transferred to the solid state by soaking or printing cellulose papers with the obtained thermofluorochromic mixtures as well as by structuring them into solid lipid particles that can be dispersed within polymer matrices. The resulting materials show very promising features as thermal sensors and anticounterfeiting labels.
Cascade Resonance Energy Transfer for the Construction of Nanoparticles with Multicolor Long Afterglow in Aqueous Solutions for Information Encryption and Bioimaging
Authors: Mo Luoqi , Liu Hao , Liu Zhiming , Xu Xiaokai , Lei Bingfu , Zhuang Jianle , Liu Yingliang , Hu Chaofan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere are still huge challenges in the development of carbon dots (CDs) based long afterglow materials with multicolor emissions, especially in aqueous solutions. This work reports a novel strategy of achieving of multicolor long afterglow in aqueous solution by incorporating phosphorescent CDs and fluorescent dyes into sub‐20 nm monodispersed silica nanoparticles. The silica matrix not only stabilizes the triplet excitons of CDs but also facilitates the efficient cascade Förster resonance energy transfer between the phosphorescent donor (CDs) and the energy acceptor (fluorescent dyes), which enables intensive multicolor long afterglow with adjustable wavelength from 510 to 610 nm and the largest Stokes shift of 255 nm. Based on these multicolor long afterglow nanoparticles, some time‐resolved, color multiple information encryptions are designed. By eliminating background noise, the signal‐to‐noise ratio of in vivo afterglow imaging is as high as 155.1 in the in vivo imaging system. Interestingly, the afterglow signal in mice can be easily and conveniently collected by the camera of cell phones, which may make in vivo bioimaging portable and inexpensive. This study will provide new ideas for the synthesis of multicolor CDs‐based long afterglow materials in solutions.
Impacts of CsPbBr3/PbSe Heterostructures on Carrier Cooling Dynamics at Low Carrier Density
Authors: Ghosh Goutam , Biswas Raju K , Marjit Kritiman , Ghosh Srijon , Ghosh Arnab , Pati Swapan K , Patra Amitava 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskite nanocrystals have recently emerged as a front‐runner material for high‐performance solar cells. However, slowing down the hot carrier (HC) cooling of perovskites at carrier densities comparable to the sun‐illumination level (≈1017 cm−3) is still a thriving challenge. A new strategy is presented to retard the HC cooling via charge localization at the CsPbBr3/PbSe heterostructure interface. Ultrafast transient absorption study reveals two times slower HC relaxation time (from 770 fs to 1.4 ps) and much higher initial HC temperature, TC (1663 K, compared to 900 K) for the heterostructure compared to the pure CsPbBr3 at 3.64 eV excitation, under 1.86 × 1017 cm−3 carrier density. Furthermore, a combination of an electron‐phonon coupling model and first‐principles calculations confirm the slow relaxation through the Klemens channel due to a large energy gap between the longitudinal optical (LO) and longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon modes. The localization of charge density near the heterojunction is responsible for the up‐conversion of LO modes to the higher energy and retards the HC relaxation. The findings highlight a new protocol for achieving long‐lived HCs in perovskites at low carrier densities, which would benefit the future of HC photovoltaics.
Antidepressant Drug Discovery and Development: Mechanism and Drug Design Based on Small Molecules
Authors: Yao Chuansheng , Jiang Xiaoying , Ye Xiang‐Yang , Xie Tian , Bai Renren 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDepression is one of the most prevalent mental diseases and a primary cause of disability worldwide with high incidence and high recurrence. The current deterioration of the COVID‐19 epidemic also pushes up the incidence of depression. Nevertheless, the currently available treatments remain inadequate response and limited efficacy. Therefore, discoveries of more potent and safer antidepressant drugs are urgently needed. In this review, the current potential physiological and pathological mechanisms of depression, and the clinical research progresses of candidate drugs as well as the recent advances in small‐molecule drug discovery for potential treatments of depression are systematically summarized. More importantly, the structure–activity relationships of compounds from different classes, the statistical analysis of the blood‐brain barrier permeability, the pharmacological targets, and the in vivo models are comprehensively discussed. Further insights on antidepressant drug discovery are also analyzed from multidimensional perspectives.