bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Observations and Impact in Japan of the Tsunami Caused by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on January 15, 2022
Authors: Imamura Fumihiko , Suppasri Anawat , Arikawa Taro , Koshimura Shunichi , Satake Kenji , Tanioka Yuichiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe tsunami caused by the Tonga submarine volcanic eruption that occurred at 13:15 Japan Time (JST) on January 15, 2022, exposed a blind spot in Japan’s tsunami monitoring and warning system, which was established in 1952 for local tsunamis and expanded to distant tsunamis after the 1960 Chile tsunami. This paper summarizes how the warning system responded to the unprecedented tsunami, the actual evacuation process, and the damage it caused in Japan. Initially, the tsunami from the volcanic eruption was expected to arrive at approximately midnight with amplitudes of less than 20 cm. However, a series of short waves arrived at approximately 21:00, a few hours earlier than expected. The early arrival of these sea waves coincided with a rapid increase in atmospheric pressure; then, the short-period component was predominant, and the wave height was amplified while forming wave groups. After a 1.2 m tsunami was observed in Amami City in southern Japan at 23:55 JST, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a tsunami warning/advisory. The tsunami continued, and all advisories were cleared at 14:00 JST on January 16. Information about this tsunami and the response to it are summarized here, including the characteristics and issues of the actual tsunami evacuation situation in each region. There were no casualties, but the issues that emerged included difficulty evacuating on a winter night and traffic congestion due to evacuation by car and under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the coastal area, damage to fishing boats and aquaculture facilities was reported due to the flow of the tsunami. In addition, damage to aquaculture facilities, including those producing oysters, scallops, seaweed and other marine products, decreased the supply of marine products, and the economic impact is likely to increase in the future.
Interaktive intraoperative Annotation chirurgischer Anatomie in der studentischen Ausbildung zur Unterstützung der Lerneffizienz und -motivation
Authors: van Bonn Sara M. , Grajek Jan S. , Schuldt Tobias , Schraven Sebastian P. , Schneider Armin , Rettschlag Stefanie , Oberhoffner Tobias , Weiss Nora M. , Mlynski Robert 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Durch die Entwicklung technologischer Innovationen haben sich nicht nur das gesellschaftliche Leben und das Gesundheitssystem verändert, sondern auch die Anforderungen an die Lehre. Ziel dieser Pilotstudie war es zu evaluieren, ob Studierende bei der Observation eines mikrochirurgischen Eingriffs am Schläfenbein mit Annotation chirurgischer Landmarken ein zusätzliches Verständnis anatomischer Strukturen erlangen, wenn eine Visualisierung verwendet wird, die für Chirurg und Betrachter gleiche 3‑D-Ansichten bietet.

Material und Methoden
Während regulärer Anwesenheitspraktika wurden Studierende drei Gruppen randomisiert zugewiesen: Kontroll‑, 2‑D‑ oder 3‑D-Gruppe. Mithilfe von Evaluationsbögen/intraoperativer Annotation chirurgischer Landmarken des Operationssitus erfolgte die Beurteilung des subjektiv didaktischen Werts verschiedener Visualisierungsformate und daraus resultierender Lernerfahrungen.

Ergebnisse
47 Studierende konnten in die Studie einbezogen werden. Die Mehrheit der Studierenden gab einen sehr hohen Mehrwert der 3‑D-Visualisierung bezüglich der Methode (70 %) und der Anschaulichkeit (80 %) im Vergleich zur 2‑D‑ und Kontrollgruppe an. 69 % der Studierenden stimmten der Aussage voll und ganz zu, dass die 2‑D- und 3‑D-Visualisierung die Lernmotivation erhöht und sehr gut geeignet ist, Topographie/und Strukturen besser zu erkennen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Verwendung interaktiver Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten in der Lehre unterstützt die Lerneffizienz und ‑motivation der Studierenden. Besonders die 3‑D-Visualisierung und die intraoperative Annotation des Operationssitus ist ein nützliches Werkzeug in der Lehre und erhöht die Qualität dieser. Sie unterstützt die Wahrnehmung der anatomischen Topographie und ermöglicht eine gezieltere chirurgische Ausbildung.
Problem drinking recognition among UK military personnel: prevalence and associations
Authors: Spanakis Panagiotis , Gribble Rachael , Stevelink Sharon A. M. , Rona Roberto J. , Fear Nicola T. , Goodwin Laura 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the higher prevalence of problem drinking in the UK military compared to the general population, problem recognition appears to be low, and little is known about which groups are more likely to recognise a problem. This study examined prevalence of problem drinking recognition and its associations.

Methods
We analysed data from 6400 regular serving and ex-serving personnel, collected in phase 3 (2014–2016) of the King's Centre for Military Health Research cohort study.

Measurements
Participants provided sociodemographic, military, health and impairment, life experiences, problem drinking, and problem recognition information. Problem drinking was categorised as scores ≥ 16 in the AUDIT questionnaire. Associations with problem recognition were examined with weighted logistic regressions.

Findings
Among personnel meeting criteria for problem drinking, 49% recognised the problem. Recognition was most strongly associated (ORs ≥ 2.50) with experiencing probable PTSD (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.64–5.07), social impairment due to physical or mental health problems (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.51–4.79), adverse life events (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.70–4.75), ever being arrested (AOR = 2.99, CI = 1.43–6.25) and reporting symptoms of alcohol dependence (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI = 2.33–5.82). To a lesser extent, recognition was also statistically significantly associated with experiencing psychosomatic symptoms, feeling less healthy, probable common mental health disorders, and increased scores on the AUDIT.

Conclusion
Half of UK military personnel experiencing problem drinking does not self-report their drinking behaviour as problematic. Greater problem drinking severity, poorer mental or physical health, and negative life experiences facilitate problem recognition.
Parameter optimization and mechanical properties of 42CrMo4 manufactured by laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Shi Chuan , Dietrich Stefan , Schulze Volker 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo study the manufacturability and mechanical properties of a low alloy heat treatable medium carbon steel by additive manufacturing, 42CrMo4 (AISI4140) specimens were manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Influences of processing parameters on relative density and crack density were investigated. Moreover, Charpy impact tests, microhardness, and tensile tests for specimens with and without preheating were also studied. Results showed that the primary defects in the microstructure of additively manufactured samples were the lack of fusion pores and microcracks. The variation of processing parameters influences the porosity and microcracks prominently. The impact toughness of specimens with preheating is around three times higher than specimens without preheating. However, post heat treatment for as-built specimens, such as tempering at different temperature ranges, did not improve the impact toughness further. The detailed fracture mechanism for the massive difference in the impact toughness was investigated.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction as an easy-to-perform analytical methodology for monitoring ibuprofen and its main metabolites in mussels
Authors: Malvar José Luis , Santos Juan Luis , Martín Julia , Aparicio Irene , Fonseca Tainá Garcia , Bebianno Maria João , Alonso Esteban 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been reported to be the main pharmaceutical class accumulated in seafood. Among them, ibuprofen (IBU) is of special concern as it is used worldwide to treat common pain, does not require a medical prescription, it is often taken in a high daily dose, and has been reported to cause potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms. IBU is highly transformed into hydroxy- and carboxy-metabolites and/or degradation products generated not only after its administration but also during wastewater treatment or in the environment. These compounds can be present in the environment at higher concentrations than IBU and present higher toxicity. In this work, a low-cost and affordable routine analytical method was developed and validated for the first-time determination of IBU and its main metabolites in mussels. The method is based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), clean-up by dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) and analytical determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Box-Behnken experimental design was used for method optimisation to better evaluate the influence and interactions of UAE and d-SPE variables. Extraction recoveries were in the range from 81 to 115%. Precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, was lower than 7%. Method detection limits were in the range from 0.1 to 1.9 ng g−1 dry weight. The method was successfully applied to wild mussels.
Graphical abstract
Effects of vacancy co‑doping on the structure, magnetic and dielectric properties of LaFeO3 perovskite nanoparticles
Authors: Arman M. M. , Ahmed M. A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerovskite nanoparticles La1-x□xFe1-y□yO3, (y = x = 0.0, 0.01 and 0.02) were prepared using the citrate combustion method. The samples were crystallized in a single phase orthorhombic structure. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirms that the chemical composition is very close to the nominal one. The particle size values indicated that the samples were prepared in nano scale. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern shows the good crystallinity of the samples. The magnetic hysteresis loops indicate the antiferromagnetic properties of the samples. The molar magnetic susceptibility (χM) of LaFeO3 sample was enhanced by vacancy doping. The value of Ms of the sample La0.98□0.02Fe0.98□0.02O3 increased by a factor 1.9 than that of sample LaFeO3. The investigated samples have semiconductor-like behavior as clear from the increase in the conductivity with raising the temperature and the values of activation energies. The main conduction mechanisms in the investigated samples are the small polaron tunneling (SP) and the correlated barrier hopping (CBH).
Laminar transpiration cooling experiments in hypersonic flow
Authors: Ifti Hassan Saad , Hermann Tobias , Ewenz Rocher Marc , Doherty Luke , Hambidge Christopher , McGilvray Matthew , Vandeperre Luc 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe mixing between the coolant and the boundary-layer gas downstream of an injector—for transpiration/film cooling—has been extensively studied for turbulent flows; however, only a handful of studies concerning laminar mixing exist, particularly in hypersonic flows. In this paper, the concentration of the coolant gas at the wall and the heat flux reduction downstream of a transpiring injector in a hypersonic laminar flow are experimentally measured and examined. Experiments are performed in the Oxford High Density Tunnel at Mach 7. A flat-plate model is coated with pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) to spatially resolve the film and obtain a film effectiveness based on coolant concentration. Thin-film arrays are installed to measure the heat flux reduction. Six different cases are studied featuring nitrogen and helium as the coolant gas, where the blowing ratio is varied from 0.0406% to$$0.295\%$$0.295%. The unit Reynolds number of the flow is$$12.9\times 10^6\;\mathrm {m^{-1}}$$12.9×106m-1. A coolant concentration of up to$$95\%$$95%is achieved immediately (2 mm) downstream of the injector. The film concentration drops in a monotonic fashion farther downstream; however, a constant film coverage of 5–20 mm immediately downstream of the injector is observed in cases with a higher blowing ratio. A film coverage above 15% over three injector lengths is present even for the lowest blowing ratio. Heat flux reduction is achieved in all cases. The concentration effectiveness obtained from PSP is compared with the thermal film effectiveness calculated from the heat flux reduction. The latter is found to be higher than the former for all data points. Finally, a collapse of the thermal effectiveness is achieved and a modified analytical correlation is proposed.Graphical abstract
Disparate age and sex distribution of sessile serrated lesions and conventional adenomas in an outpatient colonoscopy population–implications for colorectal cancer screening?
Authors: Lall Vidit , Ismail Ali Galalah Mostafa , Ayonrinde Oyekoya Taiwo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly diagnosed in individuals aged < 50 years, resulting in advocacy of screening from age 45 years. Despite existing knowledge associating CRC with conventional adenomas, the significance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) on the burden of CRC is less detailed. We aimed to provide contemporary estimates for SSL prevalence and examine patient and procedure factors associated with SSL detection.

Methods
Retrospective observational study examining associations between SSL and conventional adenoma detection, polyp histopathology, patient, and procedure characteristics in an outpatient colonoscopy unit over 12 months.

Results
From 2097 colonoscopies, SSL detection was 13.8% overall and 12.5% in patients < 50 years. SSLs were mostly proximal in location (64%), and SSL detection was significantly higher in females compared with males (16.2% vs. 11.7%, p = 0.003), particularly in those < 50 years (16.8% vs. 8.6%, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, SSL detection was associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–1.91), synchronous conventional adenoma detection (aOR 1.36, 95% CI 1.04–1.78) and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02–1.77). Conventional adenoma detection was 33.6% and associated with age ≥ 50 years (aOR 3.57, 95% CI 2.84–4.47) and synchronous SSL detection (aOR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03–1.79).

Conclusions
We observed age and sex disparities in polyp types and prevalence in this outpatient colonoscopy population. SSLs were most prevalent in females aged < 50 years, suggesting a potential increased susceptibility of young females to SSLs and CRC. Our findings may have implications for the design of CRC screening programs.
DNA-methylome-assisted classification of patients with poor prognostic subventricular zone associated IDH-wildtype glioblastoma
Authors: Adeberg Sebastian , Knoll Maximilian , Koelsche Christian , Bernhardt Denise , Schrimpf Daniel , Sahm Felix , König Laila , Harrabi Semi Ben , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Verma Vivek , Bewerunge-Hudler Melanie , Unterberg Andreas , Sturm Dominik , Jungk Christine , Herold-Mende Christel , Wick Wolfgang , von Deimling Andreas , Debus Juergen , Rieken Stefan , Abdollahi Amir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) derived from the “stem cell” rich subventricular zone (SVZ) may constitute a therapy-refractory subgroup of tumors associated with poor prognosis. Risk stratification for these cases is necessary but is curtailed by error prone imaging-based evaluation. Therefore, we aimed to establish a robust DNA methylome-based classification of SVZ GBM and subsequently decipher underlying molecular characteristics. MRI assessment of SVZ association was performed in a retrospective training set of IDH-wildtype GBM patients (n = 54) uniformly treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy. DNA isolated from FFPE samples was subject to methylome and copy number variation (CNV) analysis using Illumina Platform and cnAnalysis450k package. Deep next-generation sequencing (NGS) of a panel of 130 GBM-related genes was conducted (Agilent SureSelect/Illumina). Methylome, transcriptome, CNV, MRI, and mutational profiles of SVZ GBM were further evaluated in a confirmatory cohort of 132 patients (TCGA/TCIA). A 15 CpG SVZ methylation signature (SVZM) was discovered based on clustering and random forest analysis. One third of CpG in the SVZM were associated with MAB21L2/LRBA. There was a 14.8% (n = 8) discordance between SVZM vs. MRI classification. Re-analysis of these patients favored SVZM classification with a hazard ratio (HR) for OS of 2.48 [95% CI 1.35–4.58], p = 0.004 vs. 1.83 [1.0–3.35], p = 0.049 for MRI classification. In the validation cohort, consensus MRI based assignment was achieved in 62% of patients with an intraclass correlation (ICC) of 0.51 and non-significant HR for OS (2.03 [0.81–5.09], p = 0.133). In contrast, SVZM identified two prognostically distinct subgroups (HR 3.08 [1.24–7.66], p = 0.016). CNV alterations revealed loss of chromosome 10 in SVZM– and gains on chromosome 19 in SVZM– tumors. SVZM– tumors were also enriched for differentially mutated genes (p < 0.001). In summary, SVZM classification provides a novel means for stratifying GBM patients with poor prognosis and deciphering molecular mechanisms governing aggressive tumor phenotypes.
Incidence and types of laryngotracheal sequelae of prolonged invasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Fiacchini Giacomo , Abel Joel Reuben , Tricò Domenico , Ribechini Alessandro , Canelli Rachele , Picariello Miriana , Guarracino Fabio , Forfori Francesco , Dallan Iacopo , Berrettini Stefano , Bruschini Luca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to an increasing number of acute laryngotracheal complications in patients subjected to prolonged mechanical ventilation, but their incidence in the short and mid-term after ICU discharge is still unknown. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the incidence of these complications in a COVID-19 group of patients and to compare these aspects with non-COVID-19 matched controls.

Methods
In this cohort study, we retrospectively selected patients from November 1 to December 31, 2020, according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The follow-up visits were planned after 6 months from discharge. All patients were subjected to an endoscopic evaluation and completed two questionnaires (VHI-10 score and MDADI score).

Results
Thirteen men and three women were enrolled in the COVID-19 group while nine men and seven women were included in the control group. The median age was 60 [56–66] years in the COVID-19 group and 64 [58–69] years in the control group. All the patients of the control group showed no laryngotracheal lesions, while five COVID-19 patients had different types of lesions, two located in the vocal folds and three in the trachea. No difference was identified between the two groups regarding the VHI-10 score, while the control group showed a significantly worse MDADI score.

Conclusions
COVID-19 patients subjected to prolonged invasive ventilation are more likely to develop a laryngotracheal complication in the short and medium term. A rigorous clinical follow-up to allow early identification and management of these complications should be set up after discharge.
H3K27m3 overexpression as a new, BCL2 independent diagnostic tool in follicular and cutaneous follicle center lymphomas
Authors: Brune Magdalena M. , Vela Visar , Bratic Hench Ivana , Dertinger Susanne , Borgmann Vanessa , Dirnhofer Stefan , Tzankov Alexandar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractApproximately 15% of follicular lymphomas (FL) lack overexpression of BCL2 and the underlying translocation t(14;18). These cases can be diagnostically challenging, especially regarding follicular hyperplasia (FH). In a subset of FL, mutations in genes encoding for epigenetic modifiers, such as the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2), were found, which might be used diagnostically. These molecular alterations can lead to an increased tri-methylation of histone H3 at position lysine 27 (H3K27m3) that, in turn, can be visualized immunohistochemically. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of H3K27m3 in FL, primary cutaneous follicle center lymphomas (PCFCL), and pediatric-type FL (PTFL) in order to investigate its value in the differential diagnosis to FH and other B cell lymphomas and to correlate it to BCL2 expression and the presence of t(14;18). Additionally, the mutational profile of selected cases was considered to address H3K27m3’s potential use as a surrogate parameter for mutations in genes encoding for epigenetic modifiers. Eighty-nine percent of FL and 100% of PCFCL cases overexpressed H3K27m3, independently of BCL2, EZH2, and the presence of mutations. In contrast, 95% of FH and 100% of PTFL cases lacked H3K27m3 overexpression. Other B cell lymphomas considered for differential diagnosis also showed overexpression of H3K27m3 in the majority of cases. In summary, overexpression of H3K27m3 can serve as a new, BCL2 independent marker in the differential diagnosis of FL and PCFCL, but not PTFL, to FH, while being not of help in the differential diagnosis of FL to other B cell lymphomas.
Accuracy of Dysphagia Standard Assessment (DSA®) bedside screening test: a flowchart for patient eligibility
Authors: Mariani Laura , Cilfone Armando , Nicastri Maria , Pipitone Lucia Libera , Stella Federica , de Vincentiis Marco , Greco Antonio , Mancini Patrizia , Longo Lucia , Ruoppolo Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) screening tests have improved patient management; however, the complex applicability and high percentage of false negatives do not allow these tests to be considered completely reliable if not supported by an instrumental investigation. The aim of the present study is to evaluate an OD screening test, the Dysphagia Standard Assessment (DSA®) with different volumes and viscosities.

Materials and methods
Prospective study of 72 patients evaluated for suspected OD through a double-blind methodology conducted by two operators. All patients underwent fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) as a reference test and a separate DSA® test. DSA® was performed by administering boluses with different viscosities, with the signal of interruption of the test being: onset of the cough reflex, wet voice after swallowing, and/or desaturation of O2 ≥ 5%. The Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) was evaluated by FEES. The cut-off identified to diagnose OD was PAS ≥ 3.

Results
The test showed an accuracy of 82%, a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% C.I. 0.84–0.97), and a specificity of 0.78 (95% C.I. 0.67–0.87); positive predictive value 0.55 (95% C.I. 0.43–0.67); negative predictive value 0.97 (95% C.I. 0.90–0.99), positive likelihood ratio 4.37 (95% C.I. 3.6–5.2); likelihood negative ratio 0.08 (95% C.I. 0.06–0.09).

Conclusions
According to the preliminary results, the test showed good outcomes in determining the presence or absence of OD with a wide spectrum of applicability with some limitations that could be overcome by the selection of a target population. For this reason, a flowchart to address patient eligibility was developed.