bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of larval prey availability on year class strength in Faroe Plateau cod (Gadus morhua)
Authors: Jacobsen Sólvá , Nielsen Kristoffer Klitgaard , Kristiansen Rune , Grønkjær Peter , Gaard Eilif , Steingrund Petur 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecruitment to the Faroe Plateau cod (Gadus morhua) stock (62°N, 6.8°W) is highly variable between years, and availability of suitable prey during the early life stages may determine the year class strength. Here we first investigate interannual variability in recruitment (1983–2017) of cod based on survey data and data from stock assessments. Positive relationships between the spawning stock biomass and larval abundance and between juvenile abundance and recruitment at year 1 were detected. However, the relationship between larval abundance and juvenile abundance was not statistically significant, indicating variable survival during the larval/early juvenile stages. We then investigated if food availability at the larval and early juvenile stages could explain the variability in recruitment using an 8-year long time series of larval and juvenile gut content. Feeding at the early larval stage, present during the pre-bloom, was relatively stable between years. However, large interannual variability in feeding at the early juvenile stage was detected. When juvenile survival and mean length were high, juveniles clearly had less food in their guts. This contradiction is suggested to be due to intense grazing pressure on the zooplankton at high juvenile abundances. However, years with high larval survival coincided with years when the phytoplankton spring bloom was early and intense, suggesting that production of suitable prey during the larval stages determines larval growth and survival and that this production is dependent on the phytoplankton spring bloom characteristics.
Time-dependent association between omeprazole and esomeprazole and hospitalization due to hyponatremia
Authors: Issa Issa , Skov Jakob , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan , Lindh Jonatan D. , Mannheimer Buster 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the time-course of hospitalization due to hyponatremia associated with omeprazole and esomeprazole.

Methods
In this register-based case–control study, we compared patients hospitalized with a main diagnosis of hyponatremia (n = 11,213) to matched controls (n = 44,801). We used multiple regression to investigate time-related associations between omeprazole and esomeprazole and hospitalization because of hyponatremia.

Results
The overall adjusted OR (aOR) between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) exposure, regardless of treatment duration and hospitalization with a main diagnosis of hyponatremia, was 1.23 (95% confidence interval CI 1.15–1.32). Exposure to PPIs was associated with a prompt increase in risk of hospitalization for hyponatremia from the first week (aOR 6.87; 95% CI 4.83–9.86). The risk then gradually declined, reaching an aOR of 1.64 (0.96–2.75) the fifth week. The aOR of ongoing PPI treatment was 1.10 (1.03–1.18).

Conclusion
The present study shows a marked association between omeprazole and esomeprazole and hyponatremia related to recently initiated treatment. Consequently, newly initiated PPIs should be considered a potential culprit in any patient suffering from hyponatremia. However, if the patient has had this treatment for a longer time, the PPI should be considered a less likely cause.
Inpatient Versus Outpatient Surgery: A Comparison of Postoperative Mortality and Morbidity in Elective Operations
Authors: Madsen Helen J. , Henderson William G. , Dyas Adam R. , Bronsert Michael R. , Colborn Kathryn L. , Lambert‐Kerzner Anne , Meguid Robert A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOperations performed outpatient offer several benefits. The prevalence of outpatient operations is growing. Consequently, the proportion of patients with multiple comorbidities undergoing outpatient surgery is increasing. We compared 30‐day mortality and overall morbidity between outpatient and inpatient elective operations.MethodsUsing the 2005–2018 ACS‐NSQIP database, we evaluated trends in percent of hospital outpatient operations performed over time, and the percent of operations done outpatient versus inpatient by CPT code. Patient characteristics were compared for outpatient versus inpatient operations. We compared unadjusted and risk‐adjusted 30‐day mortality and morbidity for inpatient and outpatient operations.ResultsA total of 6,494,298 patients were included. The proportion of outpatient operations increased over time, from 37.8% in 2005 to 48.2% in 2018. We analyzed the 50 most frequent operations performed outpatient versus inpatient 25–75% of the time (n = 1,743,097). Patients having outpatient operations were younger (51.6 vs 54.6 years), female (70.3% vs 67.3%), had fewer comorbidities, and lower ASA class (I–II, 69.3% vs. 59.9%). On both unadjusted and risk‐adjusted analysis, 30‐day mortality and overall morbidity were less likely in outpatient versus inpatient operations.ConclusionIn this large multi‐specialty analysis, we found that patients undergoing outpatient surgery had lower risk of 30‐day morbidity and mortality than those undergoing the same inpatient operation. Patients having outpatient surgery were generally healthier, suggesting careful patient selection occurred even with increasing outpatient operation frequency. Patients and providers can feel reassured that outpatient operations are a safe, reasonable option for selected patients.
High-pressure behavior of gasparite-(Ce) (nominally CeAsO4), a monazite-type arsenate
Authors: Pagliaro Francesco , Lotti Paolo , Comboni Davide , Battiston Tommaso , Guastoni Alessandro , Fumagalli Patrizia , Rotiroti Nicola , Gatta G. Diego 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe high-pressure behavior of the natural arsenate gasparite-(Ce) [Ce0.43La0.24Nd0.15Ca0.11Pr0.04Sm0.02Gd0.01(As0.99Si0.03O4)] from the Mt. Cervandone mineral deposit (Piedmont Lepontine Alps, Italy), has been studied by in situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction up to 22.01 GPa. Two distinct high-pressure ramps have been performed, using a 16:3:1 methanol:ethanol:water solution and helium as P-transmitting fluids, respectively. No phase transition occurs within the pressure range investigated, whereas a change in the compressional behavior has been observed at ~ 15 GPa. A second-order Birch-Murnaghan EoS was fitted to the P-V data, leading to a refined bulk modulus of 109.4(3) GPa. The structural analysis has been carried out on the basis of the refined structure models, allowing the description of the deformation mechanisms accommodating the bulk compression in gasparite-(Ce) at the atomic scale, which is mainly controlled by the compression of the Rare Earth Elements coordination polyhedra, while the AsO4 tetrahedra behave as a quasi-rigid units. A micro-Raman spectroscopy analysis, performed at ambient conditions, suggests the presence of hydroxyl groups into the structure of the investigated gasparite-(Ce).
A Multi-centre, Single Arm, Non-randomized, Prospective European Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the HistoSonics System in the Treatment of Primary and Metastatic Liver Cancers (#HOPE4LIVER)
Authors: Wah Tze Min , Pech Maciej , Thormann Maximilian , Serres Xavier , Littler Peter , Stenberg Benjamin , Lenton James , Smith Jonathan , Wiggermann Philipp , Planert Mathis , Vidal-Jove Joan , Torzilli Guido , Solbiati Luigi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Image-guided thermal ablation are established treatment options for non-surgical patients with primary and metastatic liver cancers. However, there are limitations with nonuniformity of cancer tissue destruction, heat sink effect and the risk of thermal ablative injury. The current non-thermal ablative techniques have high risk of local recurrence and are not widely adopted. Histotripsy is a treatment technology that destroys targeted tissue under ultrasound visualization via mechanical destruction through the precise application of acoustic cavitation and can offer the potential of non-invasive, non-thermal and non-ionizing radiation cancer treatment. The aim of this multi-centre non-randomized phase I/II trial is to assess the initial safety and efficacy of the prototype investigational ‘System’ in the treatment of primary and metastatic liver cancers.

Methods/Design
All non-surgical patients with primary/metastatic liver cancers having had previous liver directed therapy, radiation therapy or image-guided ablation may be offered image-guided Histotripsy as per trial protocol. The co-primary endpoints are technical success and procedural safety. Technical success is determined, at ≤ 36 h post procedure, by evaluating the histotripsy treatment size and coverage. The procedural safety is defined by procedure related major complications, defined as Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE version 5) grade 3 or higher toxicities, up to 30 days post procedure. This phase I/II trial has intended to recruit up to 45 patients to show safety and efficacy of image-guided histotripsy in liver cancers.

Trail Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier-NCT04573881; NIHR CRN CPMS-ID 47572.
Musculoskeletal radiologist-level performance by using deep learning for detection of scaphoid fractures on conventional multi-view radiographs of hand and wrist
Authors: Hendrix Nils , Hendrix Ward , van Dijke Kees , Maresch Bas , Maas Mario , Bollen Stijn , Scholtens Alexander , de Jonge Milko , Ong Lee-Ling Sharon , van Ginneken Bram , Rutten Matthieu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess how an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm performs against five experienced musculoskeletal radiologists in diagnosing scaphoid fractures and whether it aids their diagnosis on conventional multi-view radiographs.

Methods
Four datasets of conventional hand, wrist, and scaphoid radiographs were retrospectively acquired at two hospitals (hospitals A and B). Dataset 1 (12,990 radiographs from 3353 patients, hospital A) and dataset 2 (1117 radiographs from 394 patients, hospital B) were used for training and testing a scaphoid localization and laterality classification component. Dataset 3 (4316 radiographs from 840 patients, hospital A) and dataset 4 (688 radiographs from 209 patients, hospital B) were used for training and testing the fracture detector. The algorithm was compared with the radiologists in an observer study. Evaluation metrics included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), area under the characteristic operating curve (AUC), Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ), fracture localization precision, and reading time.

Results
The algorithm detected scaphoid fractures with a sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 93%, PPV of 81%, and AUC of 0.88. The AUC of the algorithm did not differ from each radiologist (0.87 [radiologists’ mean], p ≥ .05). AI assistance improved five out of ten pairs of inter-observer Cohen’s κ agreements (p < .05) and reduced reading time in four radiologists (p < .001), but did not improve other metrics in the majority of radiologists (p ≥ .05).

Conclusions
The AI algorithm detects scaphoid fractures on conventional multi-view radiographs at the level of five experienced musculoskeletal radiologists and could significantly shorten their reading time.

Key Points
• An artificial intelligence algorithm automatically detects scaphoid fractures on conventional multi-view radiographs at the same level of five experienced musculoskeletal radiologists.
• There is preliminary evidence that automated scaphoid fracture detection can significantly shorten the reading time of musculoskeletal radiologists.
Assessment of cognitive function, structural brain changes and fatigue 6 months after treatment of neuroborreliosis
Authors: Andreassen Silje , Lindland Elisabeth Margrete Stokke , Beyer Mona Kristiansen , Solheim Anne Marit , Ljøstad Unn , Mygland Åse , Lorentzen Åslaug Rudjord , Reiso Harald , Bjuland Knut Jørgen , Pripp Are Hugo , Harbo Hanne Flinstad , Løhaugen Gro Christine Christensen , Eikeland Randi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundComplete recovery after adequately treated neuroborreliosis is common, but studies report that some patients experience persistent symptoms like self-reported cognitive problems and fatigue. Persisting symptoms are often termed post-Lyme disease syndrome, of which etiology is not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive function, possible structural changes in brain regions and level of fatigue. We have not found previous studies on neuroborreliosis that use standardized neuropsychological tests and MRI with advanced image processing to investigate if there are subtle regional changes in cortical thickness and brain volumes after treatment.MethodsWe examined 68 patients treated for neuroborreliosis 6 months earlier and 66 healthy controls, with a comprehensive neuropsychological test protocol, quantitative structural MRI analysis of the brain and Fatigue Severity Scale.ResultsWe found no differences between the groups in either cognitive function, cortical thickness or brain volumes. The patients had higher score on Fatigue Severity Scale 3.8 vs. 2.9 (p = 0.001), and more patients (25.4%) than controls (5%) had severe fatigue (p = 0.002), but neither mean score nor proportion of patients with severe fatigue differed from findings in the general Norwegian population.ConclusionThe prognosis regarding cognitive function, brain MRI findings and fatigue after adequately treated neuroborreliosis is favorable.
Dimorphic cells: a common feature throughout the low nuclear grade breast neoplasia spectrum
Authors: de Boer Mirthe , van Diest Paul J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractColumnar cell lesions (CCLs) are recognized precursor lesions of the low nuclear grade breast neoplasia family. CCLs are cystic enlarged terminal duct lobular units with monotonous (monoclonal) columnar-type luminal cells. CCLs without atypia are regarded as benign and CCLs with atypia as true precursor lesions with clonal molecular changes, a certain progression risk, and an association with more advanced lesions. However, reproducibility of designating atypia in CCL is not optimal, and no objective markers of atypia have been identified, although 16q loss seems to be associated with atypical CCLs. Dimorphic (“pale”) cell populations have been described in low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) but not in CCLs and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH). Therefore, we searched for pale cells in CCL (N = 60), ADH (N = 41), and DCIS grade 1 (N = 84). Diagnostic criteria were derived from the WHO, and atypia was designated according to the Schnitt criteria. Pale cells occurred in 0% (0/30), 73% (22/30), 56% (23/41), and 76% (64/84) of CCLs without atypia, CCLs with atypia, ADH, and DCIS grade 1, respectively. Pale cells expressed ERα, E-cadherin and p120 and variably cyclin D1, and lacked expression of CK5 and p63. In conclusion, dimorphic “pale” cells occur throughout the low nuclear grade progression spectrum, increasing in frequency with progression. Interestingly, CCL lesions without atypia do not seem to bear showed pale cells, indicating that the presence of pale cells may serve as a diagnostic morphological feature of atypia in CCLs.
Surgical management of lateral neck abscesses in children: a retrospective analysis of 100 cases
Authors: Tecle Nyat-Eyob , Hackenberg Stephan , Scheich Matthias , Scherzad Agmal , Hagen Rudolf , Gehrke Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCervical abscesses are relatively common infections in pediatric patients. There is an ongoing debate about the necessity and time point of surgical drainage. The identification of a focus of infection might play an important role in facilitating a therapeutic decision. In a retrospective study, 100 pediatric patients aged 1–18 years who underwent incision and drainage of a lateral cervical abscess at our institution were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether a focus of infection could be identified or not. Data collection included patient characteristics, microbiological results, antibiotic regimen, and clinical course. A focus of infection was found in 29% (29/100) of the patients, most frequently in the tonsils. A causative microorganism was found in 75% (75/100) of all patients, with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes being the most common pathogens. All patients received an empiric antibiotic therapy in addition to surgery. Antibiotic medication was changed in 31% in both groups (9/29 with a focus of infection and 22/71 without a focus of infection) during therapy. Children without an identified focus of infection generally were younger and had more comorbidities reducing immune response while also showing differences in the pathogens involved. There were no complications associated to surgery or antibiotic therapy in any of the patients involved.Conclusion: Children with an identified focus of infection show several differences compared to those with isolated lateral abscesses, especially regarding the microorganisms involved. But the focus of infection seems not to have an impact on patient’s outcome.

What is Known:• Neck abscesses are a relatively common disease in the pediatric population and may cause serious complications.• Therapy in general consists of intravenous antibiotics with or without surgery.

What is New:• The focus identification has no impact on patient’s outcome.• Children with an identified focus of infection show several differences compared to those with isolated lateral abscesses, especially regarding their medical history, age, and the microorganisms involved.
Longitudinal associations between cardiovascular biomarkers and metabolic syndrome during puberty: the PUBMEP study
Authors: González-Gil Esther M. , Anguita-Ruiz Augusto , Kalén Anton , De las Lamas Perez Carmela , Rupérez Azahara I. , Vázquez-Cobela Rocio , Flores Katherine , Gil Angel , Gil-Campos Mercedes , Bueno Gloria , Leis Rosaura , Aguilera Concepción M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Puberty has been described as a life stage of considerable metabolic risk specially for those with obesity. The low-grade systemic inflammatory status associated with obesity could be one of the connections with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, we aimed to assess the relationship between inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers and the development of MetS during puberty. Seventy-five children from the PUBMEP study (33 females), aged 4–18 years, were included. Cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the prepubertal and pubertal stage, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin 8 (IL8), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI), resistin, adiponectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). MetS was diagnosed at each measurement point. Mixed-effects and logistic regressions were performed. Those children with MetS in puberty presented higher prepubertal values of several cardiometabolic biomarkers in comparison to those without MetS (z-score body mass index (zBMI), waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, and tPAI (p < 0.05)). For prepubertal children with obesity, the odds of developing MetS in puberty were significantly higher in those having high zBMI (OR = 4.27; CI: 1.39–22.59) or high concentrations of tPAI (OR = 1.19; CI: 1.06–1.43).Conclusion: Those with obesity with higher prepubertal tPAI plasma levels had 19% higher odds of having MetS at puberty highlighting the existence of association between MetS, obesity, and inflammation already in puberty. Thus, assessing cardiometabolic and inflammatory status in children with obesity already at prepuberty is key to avoiding future comorbidities.

What is Known:• Inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and obesity may have their onset in childhood.• Puberty is a life stage characterized for an increased cardiovascular risk.

What is New:• Prepuberty state could be an early indicator of future cardiometabolic risk.• Children with obesity and high total plasminogen have higher odds of future metabolic syndrome.
Bilateral ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in lumbar spinal fusion surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zhu Ran-Lyu , Yue Lei , Li Xue , Ma Jia-Hui , Kong Hao , Li Chun-de , Zhang Hong , Wang Dong-Xin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Both erector spinae plane block and wound infiltration are used to improve analgesia following spinal fusion surgery. Herein, we compared the analgesic effect of bilateral erector spinae plane block with wound infiltration in this patient population.

Methods
In this randomized trial, 60 patients scheduled for elective open posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery were randomized to receive either ultrasound-guided bilateral erector spinae plane block before incision (n = 30) or wound infiltration at the end of surgery (n = 30). Both groups received standardized general anesthesia and postoperative analgesia, including patient-controlled analgesia with sufentanil and no background infusion. Opioid consumption and pain intensity were assessed at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery. The primary outcome was cumulative opioid consumption within 24 h after surgery.

Results
All 60 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The equivalent dose of sufentanil consumption within 24 h was significantly lower in patients given erector spinae plane block (median 11 μg, interquartile range 5–16) than in those given wound infiltration (20 μg, 10 to 43; median difference − 10 μg, 95% CI − 18 to − 3, P = 0.007). The cumulative number of demanded PCA boluses was significantly lower with erector spinae plane block at 6 h (median difference − 2, 95% CI − 3 to 0, P = 0.006), 12 h (− 3, 95% CI − 6 to − 1, P = 0.002), and 24 h (− 5, 95% CI − 8 to − 2, P = 0.005) postoperatively. The proportion given rescue analgesia was also significantly lower in patients given erector spinae plane block group within 48 h (relative risk 0.27, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.96, P = 0.037). There were no statistical differences in pain intensity at any timepoints between groups. No procedure-related adverse events occurred.

Conclusions
Compared with wound infiltration, bilateral ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block decreases short-term opioid consumption while providing similar analgesia in patients following lumbar spinal fusion surgery.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2100053008.