bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticle (Ag0) and silver oxide (Ag2O) in PLAPBS-D (polylactic acid-polybuthylene succinate-diatomite) green composites
Authors: Hamdiani Saprini , Shih Yeng-Fong 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of silver nanoparticles (Ag0-NPs) and silver oxide (Ag2O) as antibacterial agents against E. coli bacteria in PLA/PBS-D matrix. In addition, 10% of diatomite (D) was added to be the absorbent for Ag0-NPs. Synthesis of composites PLA/PBS-10D-Ag0NPs-1% and PLA/PBS-10D-Ag2O-1%-GPTS-3% was carried out where 3-glycidyloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTS) was used as the compatibilizer. The resulting composites were analyzed by IR, XRD, hardness, impact, tensile strength, and thermal properties. The antibacterial agent was obtained from Ag0-NPs, which impregnated into diatomite pores to form silver nanoparticle-diatomite (Ag0-NPsD). The XRD diffractograms showed peaks at 2[Formula: see text] 16.64[Formula: see text], 33.01[Formula: see text], 38.1[Formula: see text], and 44.38[Formula: see text] for PLA-PBS, Ag2O, and Ag0-NPs. Adding 10 phr of Ag0-NPsD, D and 3%-GPTS to the PLA-PBS system increased the hardness to 84.67 and 86.33, respectively. The impact strength of the composites increased significantly after the addition of 3% GPTS. The addition of Ag0-NPsD and 3%GPTS increased thermal properties of the composites. The antibacterial test results showed that the composite PLA/PBS-10D-Ag2O-1%-GPTS-3% was not effective as an antibacterial agent. In contrast, PLA/PBS-10D-Ag0 NPs-1% showed the ability to inhibit the E. Coli bacterial growth up to 99%. In the PLA/PBS-D system, Ag0-NPs are more effective for inhibiting the E. Coli bacterial growth than Ag2O.
Computed Tomography Images under Deep Learning Algorithm in the Diagnosis of Perioperative Rehabilitation Nursing for Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Yan Sha , Huang Qin , Yu Siying , Liu Zhenxing 
Published: January 2022

This study aim was to explore the application effect of computed tomography (CT) image segmentation based on deep learning algorithm in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In this study, a two-dimensional (2D) convolutional neural network (CNN) and three-dimensional (3D) CNN fusion model was constructed firstly. Subsequently, 60 patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group to receive perioperative routine nursing and rehabilitation nursing, respectively. The results revealed that the Dice value (0.876), sensitivity (0.849), and positive predictive value (PPV) (0.875) of the hybrid feature fusion model (HFFM) constructed in this study for lung cancer CT image segmentation were higher than those of other models, and the accuracy rate for lung cancer diagnosis was 96.7%. After nursing intervention, the partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) and partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) in the control group were 80.54 mmHg and 39.81 mmHg, respectively, while those in the intervention group were 83.09 mmHg and 36.75 mmHg, respectively. After intervention, the maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) %, forced vital capacity (FVC) %, and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) %) in the intervention group were 76.03%, 82.14%, and 89.76%, respectively. It suggested that compared with the control group, the pulmonary function indexes of the intervention group improved significantly after nursing intervention (

P

< 0.05). In summary, the HFFM constructed in this study can be used for segmentation and classification of CT images of lung cancer patients, which can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and help improve the lung function and quality of life of patients.
Shifts in the Proportion of Distant Stage Early-Onset Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in the United States
Authors: Montminy Eric M. , Zhou Meijiao , Maniscalco Lauren , Heda Rajiv , Kim Michelle Kang , Patel Swati G. , Wu Xiao-Cheng , Itzkowitz Steven H. , Karlitz Jordan J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Carcinoids, frequently classified as “colorectal cancer” contribute to rising early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) incidence rates (IR) and have distinct staging distributions compared to often advanced stage adenocarcinomas (screening target). Thus, assessing temporal shifts in early-onset distant stage adenocarcinoma can impact public health.

Methods:
2000–2016 Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 18 yearly adenocarcinoma IRs were stratified by stage (in situ, localized, regional, distant), age (20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–54-year-olds), subsite (colorectal, rectal-only, colon-only), and race [non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), Hispanics] in 103,975 patients. Three-year average annual IR changes (pooled 2000–2002 IRs compared with 2014–2016) and cancer stage proportions (percent contribution of each cancer stage) were calculated.

Results:
Comparing 2000–2002 with 2014–2016, the steepest percent increases are in distant stage cancers. Colon-only, distant adenocarcinoma increased most in 30–39-year-olds (49%, 0.75/100,000→1.12/100,00, P &lt; 0.05). Rectal-only, distant stage increases were steepest in 20–29-year-olds (133%, 0.06/100,000→0.14/100,000, P &lt; 0.05), followed by 30–39-year-olds (97%, 0.39/100,000→0.77/100,000, P &lt; 0.05) and 40–49-year-olds (48%, 1.38/100,000→2.04/100,000, P &lt; 0.05). Distant stage proportions (2000–2002 to 2014–2016) increased for colon-only and rectal-only subsites in young patients with the largest increases for rectal-only in 20–29-year-olds (18%→31%) and 30–39-year-olds (20%→29%). By race, distant stage proportion increases were largest for rectal-only in 20–29-year-old NHBs (0%→46%) and Hispanics (28%→41%). Distant colon proportion increased most in 20–29-year-old NHBs (20%→34%).

Conclusions:
Youngest patients show greatest burdens of distant colorectal adenocarcinoma. Although affecting all races, burdens are higher in NHB and Hispanic subgroups, although case counts remain relatively low.

Impact:
Optimizing earlier screening initiatives and risk-stratifying younger patients by symptoms and family history are critical to counteract rising distant stage disease.
Wildlife at the crossroads: wild animal road kills due to vehicular collision on a mountainous highway in northwestern Himalayan region
Authors: Kichloo Muzaffar A. , Sohil Asha , Sharma Neeraj 
Published: January 2022

Wildlife mortality due to vehicular collision is well known across the world and the number of such incidences is steadily rising in Himalaya as well. To assess the quantum of wildlife road kills, we conducted an intensive survey spanning 33 months along a mountainous National Highway 244 in the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir. Forty-nine wild animal carcasses of 13 species of higher vertebrates were observed lying on the road, shoulders, edges, and valley slopes. These included seven mammals, four birds, and two reptiles. This survey, first of its kind in this part of the Himalaya would be helpful in understanding the underlying reasons of the rising wildlife fatalities on the hill roads, identifying susceptible hotspots, and developing measures to address this new threat to Himalayan wildlife. We recommend creating wildlife passages, raising speed halters, and placing warning signages in vulnerable sections to reduce the road-related wildlife mortality in such mountainous highways.
Trends in Characteristics and Outcomes in Primary Heart Failure Hospitalizations Among Older Population in the United States, 2004 to 2018
Authors: Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan , Ijaz Sardar Hassan , Jamal Shakeel , Dani Sourbha S. , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Greene Stephen J. , Fudim Marat , Warraich Haider J. , Shapiro Michael D. , Virani Salim S. , Nasir Khurram , Khan Safi U. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Heart failure (HF) accounts for a significant proportion of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs among older adults in the United States. We evaluated trends in clinical outcomes and the economic burden of HF hospitalizations in older patients (≥80 years).

Methods:
This analysis included data from the National Inpatient Sample between January 2004 and December 2018. We examined the trends of clinical characteristics, inpatient mortality, and health care cost utilization in older US adults for HF hospitalizations.

Results:

We identified 6 034 951 weighted HF hospitalizations for older adults (3527 per 100 000 person-years). After an initial decline in HF hospitalizations per 100 000 older US older adults from 4211 in 2004 to 3089 in 2014, there was increase to 3388 in 2018 (
P
trend <0.001 for both). There was an overall increase in cardiometabolic and chronic comorbidities during the study period. Overall, inpatient mortality was 4.7%; the adjusted inpatient mortality decreased from 6.1% in 2004 to 3.6% in 2018 (
P
trend <0.001). There was a decrease in adjusted mean length of stay (from 6.0 days in 2004 to 4.7 days in 2018) and adjusted inflation-adjusted care costs (from $11 865 in 2004 to $9677 in 2018) during the study period (
P
trend <0.001 for both). In comparison with younger adults (<80 years), older adults had higher inpatient mortality (4.7% versus 2.2%) but lower inflation-adjusted care costs ($10 587 versus $14 088).

Conclusions:
This 15-year national data suggests that despite a higher comorbidity burden and the recent increase in hospitalizations for HF in older patients, there has been an encouraging trend towards lower inpatient mortality, health care cost, and hospital length of stay among older adults in the United States.
Visitors’ Feelings toward Moose and Coyote in a Wildlife Sanctuary: Transcendent Feelings of Animal Valuation Scale
Authors: Perry Donna J. , Averka Jacob P. , Johnson Curt , Powell Howie , Cavanaugh Amanda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Despite the importance of biodiversity, humans value some species more highly than others. Placing different levels of value on species can impact nonhuman animal welfare and conservation. Feelings are central to value recognition. It’s critical to better understand how to foster positive feelings toward different species. The purpose of this study was to test the Transcendent Feelings of Animal Valuation scale and evaluate the influence of a wildlife sanctuary visit on feelings toward moose and coyotes. The scale was piloted with 29 visitors and demonstrated good reliability. It was then administered to 100 visitors. At baseline, participants had a significantly stronger emotional valuation of moose compared to coyote, consistent with negative social constructions of coyotes. Both moose and coyote scores increased significantly from pre- to post-visit, suggesting that exposure to wildlife in a sanctuary setting can increase feelings of valuation toward diverse species. The experience may also influence wildlife stewardship.
Feminist Worlding and World Cinema: The Case of Małgorzata Szumowska
Authors: Skrodzka Aga 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the concept of worlding in the cinema of Małgorzata Szumowska. Informed by philosophical theory of worlding and worldliness, by thinkers such as Martin Heidegger, Hannah Arendt, and Gayatri Spivak, and the film theory of cinematic worlds, proposed by Daniel Yacavone, the project examines the function of cinematic world building and its potential connection to World Cinema and feminist filmmaking. Close analysis of Szumowska’s film The Other Lamb (2019) traces the role of monstration and mise en scène in creating emancipatory cinema.
Multidisciplinary management of tracheobronchial injury
Authors: Boutros Jacques , Marquette Charles-Hugo , Ichai Carole , Leroy Sylvie , Benzaquen Jonathan 
Published: January 2022

Tracheobronchial injury is a heterogeneous entity comprising multiple rare and potentially life-threatening scenarios. We performed a systematic literature review focusing on post-intubation tracheal injuries (PiTIs) and post-traumatic tracheobronchial injuries (PTTBIs).PiTIs are often longitudinal lacerations of the middle third of the membranous trachea. Subcutaneous emphysema of the face and trunk following tracheal intubation should immediately trigger the diagnosis. Diagnosis may be suspected on the chest computed tomography (CT) and should be confirmed by bronchoscopic examination. Conservative management is encouraged for a spontaneously breathing or stable patient on noninvasive ventilation. Surgical repair is mandatory when mechanical ventilation is required and if bridging of the injury is impossible.PTTBIs are often associated with other severe injuries. Patients often present with massive subcutaneous emphysema and intractable pneumothorax. Diagnosis may be suspected on the chest CT and should be confirmed by bronchoscopic examination. Early surgical repair is indicated. In selected patients, conservative management can be considered.
Brain barriers and their potential role in migraine pathophysiology
Authors: Wiggers Astrid , Ashina Håkan , Hadjikhani Nouchine , Sagare Abhay , Zlokovic Berislav V. , Lauritzen Martin , Ashina Messoud 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMigraine is a ubiquitous neurologic disease that afflicts people of all ages. Its molecular pathogenesis involves peptides that promote intracranial vasodilation and modulate nociceptive transmission upon release from sensory afferents of cells in the trigeminal ganglion and parasympathetic efferents of cells in the sphenopalatine ganglion. Experimental data have confirmed that intravenous infusion of these vasoactive peptides induce migraine attacks in people with migraine, but it remains a point of scientific contention whether their site of action lies outside or within the central nervous system. In this context, it has been hypothesized that transient dysfunction of brain barriers before or during migraine attacks might facilitate the passage of migraine-inducing peptides into the central nervous system. Here, we review evidence suggestive of brain barrier dysfunction in migraine pathogenesis and conclude with lessons learned in order to provide directions for future research efforts.
Patient activation and its association with symptom burden and quality of life across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease stages in England
Authors: Magadi Winnie , Lightfoot Courtney J. , Memory Katherine E. , Santhakumaran Shalini , van der Veer Sabine N. , Thomas Nicola , Gair Rachel , Smith Alice C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The knowledge, skills, and confidence to manage one’s own health is termed patient activation and can be assessed using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM). This measure is increasingly recommended for use in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is a need to better understand patient activation within this population. This work aimed to explore the association of PAM with patient-reported outcomes, namely symptom burden and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), to understand the relationship between patient activation and outcomes which are of importance to people with CKD.

Methods
Non-dialysis, dialysis, and kidney transplant patients from 14 renal units across England completed a survey comprising questionnaires assessing patient activation, symptom burden, and HRQoL.
Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to determine HRQoL and symptom burden subgroups in the data. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations between patient activation and symptom burden and HRQoL classes separately, adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation and treatment modality.

Results
Three thousand thirteen participants (mean age 61.5 years, 61.8% males, and 47% haemodialysis) were included in the analysis. Patient activation was strongly associated with both the HRQoL and symptom burden classes identified, with highly activated patients more likely to report higher HRQoL (P = < 0.0001; OR 29.2, 95% CI 19.5–43.9) and fewer symptoms (P = < 0.0001; OR 25.9, 95% CI 16.8–40.2).

Conclusion
Lower activation levels are associated with a higher symptom burden and reduced HRQoL across the trajectory of CKD stages and treatment modalities. Therefore, targeted and holistic self-management support focussing on improving activation may have the potential to improve aspects of health experience which are valued by individuals living with kidney disease.
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) or recurrent urinary tract infections: a case report
Authors: Dormanesh Banafshe , Asli Maryam , Daryanavard Roya , Arasteh Peyman 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Fever is the most frequent reason for medical consultation in children, and makes up 15–25% of all consultations in primary care and emergency departments. In here we report a case of a 13 year-old girl who referred with an unusual presentation of fever and was misdiagnosed with recurrent urinary tract infection for 8 years.

Case presentation
This is a Clinical Reasoning Cycle case study. A 13 year-old girl was referred with a chief complaint of recurrent fevers from 8 years. During her first febrile episode, she had a 5-day high-grade fever associated with loss of appetite. Her physical examination at that time was unremarkable. Blood tests showed leukocytosis with a shift to the left and urine examination was in favor of pyuria. The urine culture was positive for bacterial growth. The episodes of fever were repeated every 45 days. Accordingly, the patient was diagnosed as a case of recurrent urinary tract infection. In the intervals between her febrile episodes, the patient was healthy and laboratory tests were normal. Ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrogram and dimercaptosuccinic acid scans were normal. During her last visit, the patient mentioned difficulty in swallowing and on examination cervical lymph nodes, exudative tonsillitis and painful aphthous stomatitis were detected. All antibiotics were stopped and corticosteroids were started. The patient’s symptoms were relieved and the interval between her febrile episodes became longer.

Conclusions
Our study shows that a patient should never be marked, particularly when the symptom and signs aren’t completely justifying a patient’s condition.
Involvement of the long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00461 in schizophrenia
Authors: Rao Shuquan , Tian Lin , Cao Hongbao , Baranova Ancha , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
LINC00461 is a highly conserved intergenic non-protein coding RNA that was implicated in schizophrenia at the genome-wide level. We aim to explore potential mechanisms underlying the involvement of LINC00461 in schizophrenia.

Methods
We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association of LINC00461 rs410216 with schizophrenia, and evaluate the effects of the rs410216 on hippocampal volume and function using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis. We utilized the GTEx dataset to profile the expression distribution of LINC00461 across different brain regions, and to investigate the potential impact of the risk SNPs on the expression of LINC00461 and other nearby genes. We compared blood expression levels of LINC00461 between schizophrenia patients and controls.

Results
Here we show that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in regulatory elements spanning the LINC00461 region are significantly associated with schizophrenia (index SNP rs410216, Pmeta = 1.43E-05); subjects carrying the risk allele of rs410216 showed decreased hippocampal volume. However, no significant association of the rs410216 variant with hippocampal activation was observed. Moreover, the expression level of LINC00461 mRNA was significantly lower in first-onset schizophrenia patients, and the risk allele also predicts a lower transcriptional level of LINC00461 in the hippocampus.

Conclusion
Together, these convergent lines of evidence implicate inadequate LINC00461 expression in the hippocampus in the development of schizophrenia, providing novel insight into the genetic architecture and biological etiology of schizophrenia.
Factors associated with the relapse in Ponseti treated congenital clubfoot
Authors: Hu Wei , Ke Baoyi , Niansu Xiao , Li Sen , Li Cheng , Lai Xingming , Huang Xinyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
We retrospectively investigated the clinical materials to seek the factors that lead to relapse after using the Ponseti method.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all children with congenital clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method in our hospital from June 2008 to June 2013. The data included the following factors: age, gender, initial Pinari score, number of casts, number of feet (unilateral or bilateral), age at the first casting, age of mother, tenotomy, walking age, and compliance with using bracing. All investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical standards. This study was approved by Guilin Peoples’ Hospital Ethics Committee.

Results
In this study, there were 148 cases (164 ft) in total that underwent the Ponseti method, with the follow–up period at least 5 years. Of them, 64 children presented with left side, 58 with right side, and 26 with bilateral cases. This study included 75 males and 73 females; sex did not affect the outcomes. The mean age of the first casting was 2.50 ± 2.15 months. The average initial Pirani score was 4.98 ± 1.33, and the average number of casts was 5.71 ± 2.28 times. The mean age of mothers at birth was 25.81 ± 2.38 years old. The walking age of children was at a mean of 14.83 ± 1.18 months. Forty-nine cases could not tolerate using braces, namely the rate of noncompliance in this study was 33.1%. Tenotomy was performed on 113 ft (76.4%). The average follow–up period was 7.27 ± 1.29 years (from 5 to 10 years). The rate of relapse was 21.6% (32 cases) at the end of the follow-up. The rate of relapse in the noncompliance with using bracing group was significantly higher compared to the compliance group .

Conclusion
The initial Pirani score, compliance with the foot abduction brace and the age at the first casting are three independent factors for relapse in clubfoot.