bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical disruption of E-cadherin complexes with epidermal growth factor receptor actuates growth factor–dependent signaling
Authors: Sullivan Brendan , Light Taylor , Vu Vinh , Kapustka Adrian , Hristova Kalina , Leckband Deborah 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceForce transduction at interepithelial junctions involves E-cadherin–mediated activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, which modulates local cytoskeletal remodeling and cell proliferation. Findings show that E-cadherin and EGFR form a heteroreceptor complex at the membrane. Increased tension on E-cadherin bonds disrupts the complex in the absence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but the mechanical activation of EGFR signaling requires soluble EGF. Fully quantified spectral imaging fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements further revealed that E-cadherin and EGFR form a heterotrimeric complex at the plasma membrane, comprising two E-cadherins bound to an EGFR monomer. These results suggest that tugging forces on E-cadherin adhesions activate force transduction cascades, by releasing EGFR monomers from the complex, to enable EGFR to homodimerize, bind EGF, and signal.
Characterizing cell interactions at scale with made-to-order droplet ensembles (MODEs)
Authors: Madrigal Justin L. , Schoepp Nathan G. , Xu Linfeng , Powell Codian S. , Delley Cyrille L. , Siltanen Christian A. , Danao Jay , Srinivasan Maithreyan , Cole Russell H. , Abate Adam R. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The study of specific cell–cell interactions at scale would be a significant advancement in single-cell biology with clear utility in immuno-oncology. Our development of Droplet Assembly provides a tool for such studies by extending the benefits of single-cell droplet microfluidics to high-order cell analyses. This technology allows for the construction, sorting, and downstream processing of cell–cell interactions and is compatible with single-cell genomic readouts.
Ultrafast atomic view of laser-induced melting and breathing motion of metallic liquid clusters with MeV ultrafast electron diffraction
Authors: Wu Jun , Tang Minxue , Zhao Lingrong , Zhu Pengfei , Jiang Tao , Zou Xiao , Hong Liang , Luo Sheng-Nian , Xiang Dao , Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Intense lasers can be used to drive materials into transient states far from equilibrium. Investigations of such states and processes at the atomic scale are of fundamental significance in understanding a material’s behavior under extreme conditions. Herein, an ultrafast electron diffraction technique is used to track the atomic pathway of the entire melting process of aluminum and reveal a coherent breathing motion of polyhedral clusters in transient liquid aluminum at high temperature and high pressure. The negative expansion behavior of interatomic distances in a superheated liquid state upon heating is observed. These findings provide insight into ultrafast structural transformations and transient atomic dynamics under extreme conditions.
Convergent evolution of a blood-red nectar pigment in vertebrate-pollinated flowers
Authors: Roy Rahul , Moreno Nickolas , Brockman Stephen A. , Kostanecki Adam , Zambre Amod , Holl Catherine , Solhaug Erik M. , Minami Anzu , Snell-Rood Emilie C. , Hampton Marshall , Bee Mark A. , Chiari Ylenia , Hegeman Adrian D. , Carter Clay J. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Beyond sugars, many types of nectar solutes play important ecological roles; however, the molecular basis for the diversity of nectar composition across species is less explored. One rare trait among flowering plants is the production of colored nectar, which may function to attract and guide prospective pollinators. Our findings indicate convergent evolution of a red-colored nectar has occurred across two distantly related plant species. Behavioral data show that the red pigment attracts diurnal geckos, the likely pollinator of one of these plants. These findings join a growing list of examples of distinct biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying evolutionary convergence and provide a fascinating system for testing how interactions across species drive the evolution of novel pigments in an understudied context.
Conformation-driven strategy for resilient and functional protein materials
Authors: Mu Xuan , Yuen John Se Kit , Choi Jaewon , Zhang Yixin , Cebe Peggy , Jiang Xiaocheng , Zhang Yu Shrike , Kaplan David L. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
We provide insights into the sequence–conformation–property relationship that is central to the mechanical properties of protein elastomers. We find that a high content of glycine residue alone, not including proline, is sufficient for achieving near-perfect resilience. The content of proline residue may be associated with the metastability of random coils. Also, Raman spectroscopy, as a potent tool for investigating the conformation–property relationship, gives rise to a direct correlation between semiquantitative Raman features and the magnitude of elastic resilience. Moreover, metastable conformation or conformational polymorphism is useful to develop continuously and mechanically graded protein materials that may exhibit unique structural merits. This work underlies the exploitation of natural and de novo–designed sequences for protein elastomers and materials.
DNA-induced spatial entrapment of general transcription machinery can stabilize gene expression in a nondividing cell
Authors: Javed Khayam , Jullien Jerome , Agarwal Gaurav , Lawrence Nicola , Butler Richard , Ioannou Pantelis Savvas , Nazir Farhat , Gurdon J. B. 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceHow differentiated cells such as muscle or nerve maintain their gene expression for prolonged times is currently elusive. Here, using Xenopus oocyte, we have shown that the stability of gene expression in nondividing cells may arise due to the local entrapment of transcriptional machinery to specific gene transcription start sites. We found that within the same nucleus active versus inactive versions of the same gene are spatially segregated through liquid–liquid phase separation. We further observe that silent genes are associated with RNA-Pol-II phosphorylated on Ser5 but fails to attract RNA-Pol-II elongation factors. We propose that liquid–liquid phase separation mediated entrapment of limiting transcriptional machinery factors maintain stable expression of some genes in nondividing cells.
Sex-specific splicing of Z- and W-bornenr5a1alleles suggests sex determination is controlled by chromosome conformation
Authors: Zhang Xiuwen , Wagner Susan , Holleley Clare E. , Deakin Janine E. , Matsubara Kazumi , Deveson Ira W. , O’Meally Denis , Patel Hardip R. , Ezaz Tariq , Li Zhao , Wang Chexu , Edwards Melanie , Graves Jennifer A. Marshall , Georges Arthur 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceReptiles have an extraordinary variety of mechanisms to determine sex. The best candidate sex-determining gene in our model reptile (the Australian central bearded dragon) is the key vertebrate sex genenr5a1(coding for the steroidogenic factor 1). There are no sex-specific sequence differences betweennr5a1alleles on the sex chromosomes, but the Z- and W-borne alleles are transcribed into remarkably different alternative transcripts. We propose that altered configuration of the repeat-laden W chromosome affects the conformation of the primary transcript to generate more diverse and potentially inhibitory W-borne isoforms that suppress testis determination. This is a mechanism for vertebrate sex determination, in which epigenetic control regulates the action of a gene present on both sex chromosomes.
Illusory faces are more likely to be perceived as male than female
Authors: Wardle Susan G. , Paranjape Sanika , Taubert Jessica , Baker Chris I. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Face pareidolia is the phenomenon of perceiving illusory faces in inanimate objects. Here we show that illusory faces engage social perception beyond the detection of a face: they have a perceived age, gender, and emotional expression. Additionally, we report a striking bias in gender perception, with many more illusory faces perceived as male than female. As illusory faces do not have a biological sex, this bias is significant in revealing an asymmetry in our face evaluation system given minimal information. Our result demonstrates that the visual features that are sufficient for face detection are not generally sufficient for the perception of female. Instead, the perception of a nonhuman face as female requires additional features beyond that required for face detection.
Dual-channel scattering problem in the cavity-like potential
Authors: Yamakoshi Tomotake , Watanabe Shinichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We discuss one-dimensional dual-channel barrier scattering with a cavity-like structure in terms of a time-independent problem. Our model assumes that the channels interact with each other only through the cavity-like structure. The model is capable of describing the essential physics of resonant scattering such that electromagnetically induced transparency and Fano-resonance type lineshapes appear in the spectrum. In this paper, we give a complete analytical solution of the spectrum. In addition, using approximate solutions, we show how the spectrum is explained by the simplified resonant condition and appearance of zero points. The results can be checked by simple numerical calculations, making this problem suitable as a teaching aid for beginners.
Design and optimization of high-efficiency meta-devices based on the equivalent circuit model and theory of electromagnetic power energy storage
Authors: Xu Peng , Wang Gui Chen , Cai Xiao , Shen Hai Yang , Jiang Wei Xiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Meta-devices with high operation efficiency to control electromagnetic waves are of great interest in a variety of applications. In this paper, we propose a general design method to achieve maximum operating efficiency for different-function meta-devices. The method is based on the equivalent circuit model and the theory of electromagnetic energy storage. To demonstrate its validity, three different kinds of functional meta-devices, including a beam deflection meta-array, circular polarization microwave absorber and linear-to-circular polarization converter, are presented using the proposed method. The method can be used for arbitrarily-structured meta-devices, three-dimensional (3D) all-metal structures or planar dielectric-metal-mixed structures. Additionally, such a method may be applied to design meta-devices for any polarized waves and can be expanded to other operating frequency bands.
Perpendicular magnetization anisotropy induced dynamical coherence reduction in stripe domain film
Authors: Li Qiuyue , Song Yawen , Wang Fangzhou , Liu Meihong , Ma Xiaoqi , Guo Xinfang , Chen Xiaowen , Yu Jing , Du Shuai , Li Hao , Xu Jie , Li Shandong , Cao Derang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigated the magnetization dynamics of the 350 nm permalloy film with in plane domain (IPD), stripe domain (SD), and labyrinth domain (LD) patterns. Experimental and micromagnetic simulation results showed that the change in magnetic domain structure from IPD to LD was due to the increasing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of the film. The magnetization dynamics indicated that the resonant modes of the film strongly depended on the magnetic domain structure. IPD films presented a uniform precession mode. The film with well-regular SD exhibited clear acoustic and optical resonance modes, and the formation of LD suppressed both resonance modes. Finally, the dynamics of magnetization dependent on the domain structure in these films were discussed by using the phenomenological resonance models.
Band theoretical approaches to topological physics in strongly-correlated f-electron Kondo systems
Authors: Kang Chang-Jong , Kim Kyoo , Min B I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
First-principles band structure theory on the basis of the density functional theory (DFT) plays an essential role in the investigation of topological properties of weakly-correlated systems. DFT band structures show clear bulk band crossings for Weyl and Dirac semimetals, and surface band crossings for topological insulators and topological-crystalline insulators. In contrast, for strongly-correlated f-electron systems, their topological properties are relatively less explored because the simple DFT does not work properly in describing the electronic structures of strongly-correlated f electrons. In this perspective, we examine the band theoretical approaches to topological properties of strongly-correlated f-electron Kondo systems. We recapitulate current status of understanding of electronic structures and topological properties of strongly-correlated 4f-electron systems, such as Ce, SmB6, and g-SmS, and also a 5f-electron system PuB4, the electronic structures of which were investigated by the DFT combined with the dynamical mean-field theory (DFT + DMFT). Finally, we provide future directions and perspectives of improving theoretical band approaches to search for new topological f-electron systems, as an outlook.
Route to a direct-gap silicon allotrope Si32
Authors: Tao Shuo , Zhu Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Using swarm-intelligence-based structure prediction methods, we predict a novel direct bandgap silicon allotrope with open channels at ambient conditions. This silicon phase, termed Si32, can be produced by removing Sr atoms from a new Cmcm-SrSi8 clathrate-like compound, which is calculated to be thermodynamically stable under epitaxial strain at high pressures. Si32 is predicted to have a direct bandgap of ∼1.15 eV and exceptional optical properties. The prediction of novel silicon clathrate-like structure paves the way for the exploration of novel silicon phases with extensive application possibilities.
Impact of the incorrect use of lead drapes on staff and patient doses in interventional radiology
Authors: Lima Thiago V M , Del Castillo Tomas Reyes , Heinrich Mirjam , Zihlmann Stephanie , Benitez Ruben Lopez , Roos Justus E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the usefulness of commercially available scatter reduction drapes in mitigating staff exposure in interventional radiology and the potential harmful effects of drape malpositioning in terms of exposure levels to both patients and staff. An anthropomorphic phantom was irradiated on an angiography device under three scenarios: no drape and correct and incorrect drape positioning. Different levels of incorrect drape positioning relative to the field-of-view (FOV) were evaluated: slight, mild and severe. Real-time dosimeter systems (positioned on the operator’s eye, chest and thyroid) were used to evaluate accumulative doses and dose rates. Different obstruction levels were evaluated and compared to the observer’s perception. Additionally, patient exposure was evaluated for all scenarios using a dose area product (DAP). Up to a mild obstruction, by using the drape a dose reduction of up to 86% was obtained while a severe obstruction produced a 1000% increase in exposure, respectively for all dosimeter positions compared to the use of no drape. A similar order of magnitude was observed for patient exposure. Good agreement was obtained for the observer perception of the FOV obstruction up to 25% of the FOV; for larger obstructions, an overestimate of the obstruction was observed. Patient lead drapes can reduce staff doses in interventional radiology procedures even when mildly malpositioned and obscuring the FOV. Special attention to protective drape positioning is necessary, since the severe obstruction of the FOV results in a large increase in both operator and patient exposure.
Broccoli-liked silver phosphate nanoparticles supported on green nanofiber membrane for visible-light driven photodegradation towards water pollutants
Authors: Jin Xu , Lou Yaoyuan , Zhang Xiuqin , Wang Bin , Zhu Yanlong , Gu Xiaoxia , Ding Shanshan , Ma Jiayu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In view of the practical application, it is imperative to develop efficient, exercisable, and visible light driven water pollution treatment materials. Herein, a high-efficiency green photocatalytic membrane for water pollution treatment is proposed and fabricated conveniently. Firstly, silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) nanoparticles with controlled morphology were prepared by simple liquid-phase precipitation method, and then a hierarchical structured Ag3PO4@polylactic acid (PLA) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning. Using electrospun PLA nanofiber membrane as a carrier of photocatalysts can significantly improve the dispersion of Ag3PO4 nanoparticles, and increase the contact probability with pollutants and photocatalytic activity. The prepared PLA@Ag3PO4 composite membrane was used to degrade methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) under visible light irradiation. The results showed that the removal ratio of pollutants on Ag3PO4@PLA composite nanofiber membrane was 94.0% for MB and 82.0% for TC, demonstrating an outstanding photocatalytic activity of composite membrane. Moreover, the PLA nanofiber membrane is a self-supported and biodegradable matrix. After five cycles, it can still achieve 88.0% of the initial photocatalytic degradation rate towards MB, showing excellent recyclability. Thus, this composite nanofiber membrane is a high-efficiency and environmental-friendly visible light driven water pollution treatment material that could be used in real applications.
Unstable spectra of plane Poiseuille flow with a uniform magnetic field
Authors: Wei Lai , Liu Yunxia , Yu Fang , Ren Haijun , Wang Zheng-Xiong , Liu Yue , Peng Hang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The unstable spectra of plane Poiseuille flow (PF) in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field are numerically investigated using an eigenvalue solver of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations. It is found that the strength of the magnetic field and the dissipative effect of the magnetic perturbation have played different roles in different parameter regions. The magnetic field has a strong suppression effect on the classical plane PF instability with a large Reynolds number

in the region with the magnetic Prandtl number

or the magnetic Reynolds number

. Here, the Reynolds number and the magnetic Reynolds number are defined as

and

, where a, V
0, ν and η are the typical length, velocity, viscosity and resistivity, respectively. The magnetic Prandtl number is defined as

, which is proportional to the ratio of the viscosity and the resistivity of the fluid medium. As the strength of the magnetic field increases, the PF instability can be completely stabilized in the limit of

or/and

. It is interestingly found that a new instability branch is excited in the small magnetic Prandtl number (

) or moderate magnetic Reynolds number (

) and large Reynolds number (

) regions. This new type of instability is verified to be driven by the magnetic Reynolds stress and modulated by the dissipative effect of the magnetic perturbation. The wavelength of the original PF instability gradually shifts to the long wavelength region, but the wavelength of the new branch is almost unchanged, as

increases with fixed

. However, the wavelength of the original instability branch is almost unchanged, but the wavelength of the new instability branch shifts to the long wavelength region, as

increases with fixed

.
Absolute total electron detachment and relative ionisation cross sections for O2
− collisions with O2 in the energy range (10–1500 eV)
Authors: Guerra Carlos , Lozano Ana I , Mendes Mónica F , Kumar Sarvesh , Oller Juan C , Limão-Vieira Paulo , García Gustavo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Absolute total electron detachment cross for O2
− collisions with O2 are reported for impact energies ranging from 10 to 1600 eV as measured with a transmission-beam experimental apparatus. The primary anionic beam projectile is produced in a hollow cathode discharge-induced plasma, and the collisions with the neutral molecular target occur in a gas cell at a well-known constant pressure. The accurate determination of the gas pressure (within 8%) in the scattering chamber allowed us to clarify the important discrepancies (by about a factor 4) prevailing between previous total electron detachment cross-section measurements. Additional local maxima in the cross-section values, not previously observed, have been detected around 50 and 150 eV.
Towards optimizing the non-invasive sensory feedback interfaces in a neural prosthetic control
Authors: Su Shiyong , Chai Guohong , Meng Jianjun , Sheng Xinjun , Mouraux André , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective. The somatotopic interface (SI) and non-somatotopic interface (NI) are commonly used to provide non-invasive sensory feedback. Nevertheless, differences between somatotopic and non-somatotopic feedbacks are rarely reported, and objective evaluations of the corresponding brain response are missing as well. Few studies have reported how to design the stimulation encoding strategy based on the two interfaces in sensory feedback. The objective of this study was to investigate the difference in sensory characteristics between SI and NI, and propose an optimal encoding method for non-invasive feedback interfaces. Approach. We recruited seven amputees and compared the tactile sensitivity to stimulated positions and intensities between SI (phantom finger area) and NI (upper arm) in a tactile discrimination task. Electroencephalography (EEG) evaluation task was subsequently conducted to objectively evaluate the stimulus-evoked brain response for SI and NI. Finally, the two kinds of tactile information (stimulated position and intensity) was applied to an object recognition task in a closed-loop prosthesis control system. Specifically, the object size was reflected by the prosthetic finger position through stimulated position encoding, and the object stiffness was reflected by the contact force of prosthetic fingers through stimulated intensity encoding. We compared the performance under four feedback conditions (combinations between two kinds of tactile information and two interfaces). Main results. Behavioral results showed that NI was more sensitive to position information while SI was more sensitive to intensity information. EEG results were consistent with behavioral results, showing a higher sensitivity of sensory alpha ERD and a stronger correlation between alpha ERD and discrimination accuracies for NI in the position discrimination, while the trend was opposite in the intensity discrimination. The feedback encoding allowed amputees to discriminate the size and stiffness of nine objects with the best performance of 62% overall accuracy (84% for size discrimination, 71% for stiffness discrimination) when position and intensity information was delivered on the NI and SI, respectively. Significance. Our results provided an instructive strategy for sensory feedback via non-invasive solutions.