bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide Behavior Results From the U.S. Army’s Suicide Prevention Leadership Tool Study: The Behavioral Health Readiness and Suicide Risk Reduction Review (R4)
Authors: Curley Ltc Justin M , Duffy Farifteh F , Kim Paul Y , Clarke-Walper Kristina M , Riviere Lyndon A , Wilk Joshua E 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The U.S. Army developed a new tool called the Behavioral Health Readiness and Suicide Risk Reduction Review (R4) for suicide prevention. A 12-month evaluation study with the primary objective of testing the hypothesis (H1) that Army units receiving R4 would demonstrate improved outcomes in suicidal-behavior measures following the intervention, relative to control, was then conducted. The results of analyses to answer H1 are herein presented.

Materials and Methods
The R4 intervention (R4-tools/instructions/orientation) evaluation study, Institutional Review Board approved and conducted in May 2019-June 2020, drew samples from two U.S. Army divisions and employed a repeated measurement in pre-/post-quasi-experimental design, including a nonequivalent, but comparable, business-as-usual control. Intervention effectiveness was evaluated using self-report responses to suicide-related measures (Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire—Revised/total-suicide behaviors/ideations/plans/attempts/non-suicidal self-injuries) at 6-/12-month intervals. Analyses examined baseline to follow-up linked and cross-sectional cohorts, incidence/prevalence, and intervention higher-/lower-use R4 subanalyses.

Results
Both divisions demonstrated favorable in-study reductions in total-suicide burden, with relatively equivalent trends for total-suicide behaviors, total-suicide risk (Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire—Revised), suicidal ideations, and non-suicidal self-injuries. Although both demonstrated reductions in suicide plans, the control showed a more robust trend. Neither division demonstrated a significant reduction in suicide attempts, but subgroup analyses showed a significant reduction in pre-coronavirus disease 2019-attempt incidence among those with higher-use R4 relative to control.

Conclusions
There is no evidence of harm associated with the R4 intervention. R4 effectiveness as a function of R4 itself requires confirmatory study. R4 is judged an improvement (no evidence of harm + weak evidence of effectiveness) over the status quo (no safety data or effectiveness studies) with regard to tool-based decision-making support for suicide prevention in the U.S. Army.
Molecular alterations associated with improved outcome in patients with glioblastoma treated with Tumor-Treating Fields
Authors: Pandey Manjari , Xiu Joanne , Mittal Sandeep , Zeng Jia , Saul Michelle , Kesari Santosh , Azadi Amir , Newton Herbert , Deniz Karina , Ladner Katherine , Sumrall Ashley , Korn W Michael , Lou Emil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The genomic and overall biologic landscape of glioblastoma (GB) has become clearer over the past 2 decades, as predictive and prognostic biomarkers of both de novo and transformed forms of GB have been identified. The oral chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ) has been integral to standard-of-care treatment for nearly 2 decades. More recently, the use of non-pharmacologic interventions, such as application of alternating electric fields, called Tumor-Treating Fields (TTFields), has emerged as a complementary treatment option that increases overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed GB. The genomic factors associated with improved or lack of response to TTFields are unknown.

Methods
We performed comprehensive genomic analysis of GB tumors resected from 55 patients who went on to receive treatment using TTFields, and compared results to 57 patients who received standard treatment without TTFields.

Results
We found that molecular driver alterations in NF1, and wild-type PIK3CA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), were associated with increased benefit from TTFields as measured by progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. There were no differences when stratified by TP53 status. When NF1, PIK3CA, and EGFR status were combined as a Molecular Survival Score, the combination of the 3 factors significantly correlated with improved OS and PFS in TTFields-treated patients compared to patients not treated with TTFields.

Conclusions
These results shed light on potential driver and passenger mutations in GB that can be validated as predictive biomarkers of response to TTFields treatment, and provide an objective and testable genomic-based approach to assessing response.
Prognostic impact of PDGFRA gain/amplification and MGMT promoter methylation status in patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma
Authors: Higa Nayuta , Akahane Toshiaki , Yokoyama Seiya , Yonezawa Hajime , Uchida Hiroyuki , Takajo Tomoko , Otsuji Ryosuke , Hamada Taiji , Matsuo Kei , Kirishima Mari , Hata Nobuhiro , Hanaya Ryosuke , Tanimoto Akihide , Yoshimoto Koji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) is the second most frequently mutated tyrosine kinase receptor in glioblastoma (GBM). However, the prognostic impact of PDGFRA amplification on GBM patients remains unclear. Herein, we evaluated this impact by retrospectively analyzing outcomes of patients with IDH wild-type GBM.

Methods
Using a custom-made oncopanel, we evaluated PDGFRA gain/amplification in 107 GBM samples harboring wild-type IDH, along with MGMT promoter (MGMTp) methylation status.

Results
We detected PDGFRA gain/amplification in 31 samples (29.0%). PDGFRA gain/amplification predicted poor prognosis (P = .003). Compared to unamplified PDGFRA, PDGFRA gain/amplification in GBM was associated with higher patient age (P = .031), higher Ki-67 score (P = .019), and lower extent of surgical resection (P = .033). Unmethylated MGMTp also predicted poor prognosis (P = .005). As PDGFRA gain/amplification and unmethylated MGMTp were independent factors for poor prognosis in multivariate analyses, we grouped GBM cases based on PDGFRA and MGMTp status: poor (PDGFRA gain/amplification and unmethylated MGMTp), intermediate (PDGFRA gain/amplification or unmethylated MGMTp), and good (PDGFRA intact and methylated MGMTp) prognosis. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that these groups significantly correlated with the OS of GBM patients (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Here we report that PDGFRA gain/amplification is a predictor of poor prognosis in IDH wild-type GBM. Combining PDGFRA gain/amplification with MGMTp methylation status improves individual prognosis prediction in patients with IDH wild-type GBM.
Analytic model for photometric variation due to starspots on a differentially rotating star
Authors: Suto Yasushi , Sasaki Shin , Nakagawa Yuta , Benomar Othman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present an analytic model of the light-curve variation for stars with non-evolving starspots on a differentially rotating surface. The Fourier coefficients of the harmonics of the rotation period are expressed in terms of the latitude of the spot, ℓs, and the observer’s line-of-sight direction, ℓo, including the limb-darkening effect. We generate different realizations of multi-spots according to the model, and perform mock observations of the resulting light-curve modulations. We discuss to what extent one can recover the properties of the spots and the parameters for the differential rotation law from the periodogram analysis. Although our analytical model neglects the evolution of spots on the stellar surface (dynamical motion, creation, and annihilation), it provides a basic framework to interpret the photometric variation of stars, in particular from the existing Kepler data and the future space-born mission. It is also applicable to photometric modulations induced by rotation of various astronomical objects.
Serum N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide is dependent on age and sex: a cross-sectional analysis in healthy adults from Northeast China
Authors: He Bing , Xu Pan-Yang , Zhou Qi , Xu Jian-Cheng , Cai Lu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies suggested higher serum N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level with older age and in women, but the reference intervals (RIs) recommended by assay manufacturers do not fully recognize such pattern.

Aims:
In this study, we aimed to establish a set of age- and sex-specific RIs for serum NT-proBNP in healthy adults from Northeast China.

Methods:
Healthy adult subjects (20 to ≤95 years old) were recruited from the physical examination center at a teaching hospital during a period from March 2020 to July 2020. Serum NT-proBNP concentration was measured using the VITROS 5600 Integrated System with a chemiluminescence method. RIs were calculated based on the EP28-A3c guidelines by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. A generalized linear model was performed to factors that were associated with NT-proBNP level.

Results:
The final analysis included 2,183 subjects (1,074 men and 1,109 women, mean age 54.2 ± 19.5 years). Serum NT-proBNP level increased with advancing age (20 to <50, 50 to <60, 60 to <75 and ≥75 years), and was significantly higher in women than in men with the exception of the ≥75 age group. Higher NT-proBNP level was associated with the female sex, older age, lower body mass index, higher urea nitrogen, higher creatinine, lower uric acid, and lower triglyceride (P < 0.05 for all). The strongest association was with the female sex, followed by age.

Conclusions:
Serum NT-proBNP level must be interpreted with consideration of sex and age. Higher NT-proBNP is associated with the female sex and older age.
Four aces of heart failure therapy: systematic review of established and emerging therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Ruffino Enrico , Gori Mauro , D’Elia Emilia , Sciatti Edoardo , Shi Victor , Senni Michele 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a common disease requiring multi-drug therapy. Moreover, it is associated with a poor prognosis, with increasing prevalence in the community. In the last decade, two major drug classes were introduced to the heart failure (HF) specialist's arsenal: angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) and sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). The current paradigm of sequential drug therapy is changing, favoring a multi-drug combination therapy upfront, including four “pillar” classes: beta-blockers, mineralcorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), ARNIs, and SGLT-2is. Recent putative placebo analyses of large-scale randomized clinical trials compared a combination of all four drug classes with a standard of care and was in favor of the multi-drug combination revealing a hazard ratio for cardiovascular (CV) death and HF hospitalization of 0.5 and 0.32, respectively. We reviewed the approval landmark trials for the four drug classes and have subincluded a short comment about the implications and impact of each study in clinical practice. Moreover, we present more detailed trials concerning the use of these drugs in different settings (eg, acute phase, in-hospital, and outpatient) and more data about the clinical, biochemical, functional, and echographic remodeling effects of the molecules. The results of the meta-analyses and putative placebo analyses in the literature we reviewed suggest the benefit of offering all the best therapy available upfront. This approach ensures maximal life expectancy gain, especially in younger patients, and cuts the costs of rehospitalizations. Thus, this review underlines the importance of the four-drug approach to HFrEF therapy, as recently stated in the ESC guidelines.
Socioeconomic status and dietary sodium intake in children from 2008 to 2019 in the UK
Authors: Cheng Yiu Lam , Hu Huan , Song Jing , MacGregor Graham A. , He Feng J. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Little is known whether children's sodium intake is affected by the national salt reduction programme in the United Kingdom (UK), particularly in relation to socioeconomic groups. We aimed to assess the trend of sodium intake among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds in the UK, from 2008–2009 to 2018–2019.

Methods:
Repeated cross-sectional analyses of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey in children aged 4–18 years. Sodium intake was estimated from a 4-day dietary record in years 2008–2009 to 2018–2019 and 24-h urine collection (2008–2009 to 2011–2012 only). Socioeconomic status was based on parental occupation and equivalized household income.

Results:
We included 6281 children (age 11.0 ± 4.3 years, 51.3% boys). In 2008–2009 to 2011–2012, the mean sodium intake was 2342.4 ± 60.0 mg/day as measured by 24-h urinary sodium excretion, and was 2053.1 ± 18.2 mg/day by dietary records. From 2008–2009 to 2018–2019, the sodium intake as assessed by dietary records decreased by 15, 9 and 12% in children from routine and manual occupation families, intermediate occupation families and higher managerial, administrative and professional occupation families, respectively. On the basis of dietary records, the sodium intake of children from families in routine and manual occupations was 109.6 ± 23.1 mg/day (P < 0.001) higher than those from higher managerial, administrative and professional occupation families in 2008–2009 to 2011–2012. Sodium intake measured by 24-h urine collection during the same period also showed a difference between occupation groups, but it was not statistically significant. The occupational differences in sodium intake became smaller over time and were no longer significant in 2016–2017 to 2018–2019. Similar findings were found for household income.

Conclusion:
Sodium intake as assessed by dietary records decreased over the 10-year period from 2008–2009 to 2018–2019 in children from all socioeconomic groups, particularly in those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. These findings suggest that the national salt reduction programme could potentially help reduce health inequality related to sodium intake in children.
Repeatability and Reproducibility of 4.5 by 4.5 mm Peripapillary Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Scans in Glaucoma and Non-Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Shen Alena J. , Urrea Anna L. , Lee Jae Chang , Burkemper Bruce , LeTran Vivian H. , Zhou Xiao , Chu Zhongdi , Grisafe Dominic J. , Fard Ali , Wong Brandon , Song Brian , Xu Benjamin Y. , Wang Ruikang K. , Richter Grace M. 
Published: June 2022

Précis:
Peripapillary vessel parameters from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) 4.5×4.5 mm scans in nonglaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes showed high repeatability and reproducibility, with higher reliability for commercially developed OCTA parameters compared with custom OCTA parameters.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to assess intrasession repeatability versus intersession reproducibility of peripapillary vessel parameters from 4.5×4.5 mm OCTA scans in nonglaucomatous eyes and glaucomatous eyes.

Materials and Methods:
In a longitudinal study, peripapillary OCTA scans were quantified using research-oriented custom quantification software that calculated vessel area density (VAD) and flux and clinic-oriented commercially developed software (Cirrus 11.0) that calculated perfusion density (PD) and flux index (FI). Intrasession repeatability and intersession reproducibility were evaluated using within-eye coefficient of variation (CVW) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results:
With 127 nonglaucomatous eyes, intrasession CVW for VAD, PD, flux, and FI were 1.900%, 1.174%, 2.787%, and 1.425%, respectively. The intersession CVW were 2.039%, 1.606%, 4.053%, and 2.798%, respectively. Intrasession ICC ranged from 0.903 to 0.956, and intersession ICC ranged from 0.850 to 0.896. Among 144 glaucomatous eyes, intrasession CVW for VAD, PD, flux, and FI were: 3.841%, 1.493%, 5.009%, and 2.432%, respectively. The intersession CVW were 4.991%, 2.155%, 6.360%, and 3.458%, respectively. Intrasession ICC ranged from 0.956 to 0.969, and intersession ICC ranged from 0.918 to 0.964.

Conclusions:
Among nonglaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes, the majority of peripapillary OCTA vessel parameters from 4.5×4.5 mm scans had greater intrasession repeatability than intersession reproducibility. There was a greater agreement for the commercially developed quantification parameters than for their custom quantification counterparts.
Comparison of axial length measurements in silicone oil–filled eyes using SS-OCT and partial coherence interferometry
Authors: Zhang Jiaqing , Han Xiaotong , Zhang Miao , Liu Zhenzhen , Lin Haowen , Qiu Xiaozhang , Huang Xinhua , Li Tao , Lv Lin , Chen Xiaoyun , Jin Guangming , Tan Xuhua , Luo Lixia , Liu Yizhi 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To compare axial length (AL) measurements in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) (the IOLMaster 700 and OA2000) and partial coherence interferometry (the IOLMaster 500).

Setting:
Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Methods:
We enrolled phakic patients who underwent SO removal surgery. The AL measurements by the IOLMaster 500, IOLMaster 700, and OA2000, both before and after SO removal, were compared. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the differences between preoperative and postoperative AL measurements.

Results:
68 patients (68 eyes) with a mean age of 46.43 ± 13.24 years were included. No statistically significant difference was observed in the preoperative AL measurements between the IOLMaster 500 and IOLMaster 700 (25.48 ± 2.51 mm vs 25.49 ± 2.46 mm; P = .63), whereas the OA2000 yielded shorter AL (25.34 ± 2.36 mm) (both P < .001). After SO removal, the AL measurements showed no statistically significant differences among the 3 devices. In reference to the postoperative AL, the IOLMaster 500 and IOLMaster 700 tended to overestimate the AL in SO-filled eyes (both P < .001), and this measurement error increased with longer AL (β = 0.08 and 0.05, respectively; both P < .001). No statistically significant difference was observed between preoperative and postoperative AL measurements by the OA2000 (P = .18).

Conclusions:
The OA2000 is the preferred biometer for AL measurement in SO-filled eyes, whereas the IOLMaster 500 and IOLMaster 700 overestimate the AL especially for long eyes, which needs adjustment in clinical use.
Long-Term Treatment With Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic in Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Dopamine Supersensitivity Psychosis
Authors: Kogure Masanobu , Kanahara Nobuhisa , Kimura Makoto , Hanaoka Shimpei , Hirano Hiromi , Iyo Masaomi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis (DSP) is an unstable psychotic state in patients with schizophrenia due to an upregulation of dopamine D2 receptors induced by antipsychotic medication. Long-acting antipsychotic injectable (LAI) could be advantageous for controlling the dopamine supersensitivity state, but it is not known if long-term treatment with LAI might ultimately lead to development or exacerbation of DSP.

Methods
The present study included 58 patients who had been treated with LAI for at least 3 years, with medical records for the 3 years before its introduction. Those records were used to classify patients as having DSP (n = 30, DSP group) or not (n = 28, non-DSP group). The effects of LAI treatments on the clinical course during the 3 years after the LAI introduction were compared between the 2 groups.

Results
Both groups demonstrated significant decreases in antipsychotic dosage (combined LAI and oral antipsychotics) and a significant improvement measured by clinical global impression-improvement. These indicators did not differ between them, suggesting similar efficacy of LAI for both groups. On average, the DSP group was treated with a higher dose of antipsychotics (1004.8 mg) before the LAI introduction compared with the non-DSP group but reduced them to within the standard dose range (662.0 mg) after the introduction of LAI.

Conclusions
Our results indicated the effectiveness of LAI treatment for at least 3 years for patients with DSP, suggesting that this treatment strategy is unlikely to worsen DSP. The efficacy might be explained by the large decrease in the total antipsychotic dose with the introduction of LAI.
Esketamine for Unipolar Major Depression With Psychotic Features
Authors: Souza-Marques Breno , Telles Manuela , Leal Gustavo C. , Faria-Guimarães Daniela , Correia-Melo Fernanda S. , Jesus-Nunes Ana Paula , Vieira Flávia , Souza Lucca , Lins-Silva Daniel , Mello Rodrigo P. , Guerreiro-Costa Lívia , Bandeira Igor D. , Lacerda Acioly L.T. , Sampaio Aline S. , Quarantini Lucas C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Purposes/Background
The aims of the study were to assess subanesthetic esketamine as an antidepressant for major depressive disorder with psychotic features (PMDD) and to compare posttreatment symptoms among those with PMDD to a sample of nonpsychotic depression (major depressive disorder [MDD]).

Methods/Procedures
This study is a retrospective chart review of patients with major depression and current psychotic symptoms, treated with a single parenteral 0.5-mg/kg dose of esketamine. Depression symptoms were assessed at baseline and 24-hour posttreatment with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Individuals with PMDD were matched in a 1:2 ratio to nonpsychotic MDD patients from a randomized, noninferiority clinical trial of esketamine.

Findings/Results
A total of 15 individuals with PMDD were included, which had higher baseline depression scores (PMDD = 40.9, MDD = 33.6, P = 0.004). A statistically significant change in depressive symptoms was found for the PMDD sample (β = −16.20 [95% confidence interval, −23.30 to −9.10], P < 0.001), and no difference between PMDD and MDD groups was observed in the matched-sample analysis (β = −2.2 [95% confidence interval, −9.32 to 4.58], P = 0.537). Treatment-induced dissociative symptoms were present for both groups, self-contained to within 2 hours after treatment, and no exacerbation of psychotic symptoms was found in clinical assessments.

Implications/Conclusions
Results suggest a single 0.5-mg/kg dose of esketamine may benefit individuals with PMDD, and the symptom reduction may be comparable with esketamine's effects for MDD. Furthermore, esketamine may induce an antidepressant response in those with PMDD without complication of psychotic symptoms. Future research with controlled designs is warranted.