bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enablers and Barriers to Adequate Complementary Feeding (CF) Practices in Pakistan; Secondary Analysis of Formative Research on National CF Assessment (NCFA)
Authors: Shuja Saba , Khan Wisal , Mahmood Hana , Kiani Hira , Sheraz Syed Yahya , Ategbo Eric Alain 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMalnutrition among children continues to be one of the major public health problems globally with majority of cases residing in Asia. Within this region, Pakistan is among the countries with the highest burden of child malnutrition as 28.9% children are underweight, 40.2% are stunted and 17.7% suffer from wasting. Among the key contributors towards malnutrition in early years of life, inappropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding (CF) practices are most appropriate There is a need to explore the factors responsible for poor feeding practices to address the gaps for designing evidence-based interventions focusing on social, cultural, and economic aspects of CF practices.We, therefore, aimed to understand how the cultural and social context in Pakistan influences the CF practices and the key social, cultural and economic drivers of change that need to be considered when shaping future policies and development interventions.MethodsWe conducted secondary analysis on the qualitative data collected through formative research as a part of the National CF Assessment (NCFA) conducted in 2018 across Pakistan by United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Pakistani Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation and Coordination (MoNHSR&C). In-depth interviews and focus group discussions conducted with mothers and fathers of children aged 6 to 23 months were included in the analysis. Framework analysis approach was applied to analyze the data.ResultsFinancial barriers included limited finances and unemployment of the father, cultural barriers included restricted female mobility, heavy workload on mothers and dietary misconceptions whereas large family size, inaccess to food, inadequate knowledge and poor perception on CF, use of shelf foods, preference of child to certain foods, and harsh environmental conditions were reported as social barriers. Financial enablers included sound economic conditions of the household whereas joint family system, multiple sources of income, kitchen gardening, home based poultry, counseling by lady health workers and health care providers were among the social enablers.ConclusionConsidering CF practices in Pakistan are inadequate therefore strategies are to be put on removing barriers to adequate CF. This can only be achieved if efforts are indicated from the policy level down to the community.
Fostering empathy in children through storytelling: A Protocol for Scoping Review.
Authors: Odumegwu Joseph Chinwuba , Scheidt Leticia , McMahon Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundNo matter the age, everyone craves interaction and belonging, and storytelling creates this sense of belonging. Stories have the power to engage, influence, teach and inspire listeners.The emotional connection built when listening to a story, as opposed to reading raw facts or data, is far more stronger and pushes people to act in an altruistic, empathetic or prosocial manner. ObjectiveOverall, this study aims to identify all relevant quantitative and qualitative literature in the area of storytelling and empathy among children aged 5 to 12 years, by adopting the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework. MethodsFollowing the scoping review guidelines provided by Arksey and O'Malley, the underlisted electronic databases will be searched; MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, CINAHL and Cochrane. Reference lists of articles, grey literature and journals would be screened to locate additional studies. Inclusion criteria will be strictly based on study aims and objectives. ResultsThe results of this review will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Tricco et al., 2018). The results will address the primary research question and describe a summary of the available literature on storytelling interventions on children's empathy. ConclusionsA scoping review of storytelling interventions and empathy outcomes for children has never been conducted due to a lack of literature. This report wants to fill this gap by summarizing what is known about this issue. Findings of this review will potentially inform future research into the effectiveness of storytelling interventions and point to the gaps in knowledge.
Hydrological modelling of climate change impacts in Awash River basin: A case of Borkena River Catchment, Ethiopia
Authors: Kifle Teshome , Ayalew Mamaru , Sahlu Dejene , Sintayehu Gashaw , Belayneh Alemshet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Regional and local hydrological regimes are expressively exposed to global climate change, which is considered to be one of the major problems threating water resources and flood security. This research has been done aimed at the examination of the effect of climate change on the hydrology of Borkena watershed, Awash River Basin during 2030s (2021–2040), 2050s (2040–2060), and 2070s (2061–2080) future periods. To realize this, the distributed hydrological SWAT Model driven by three different Global Circulation Models (MIROC5, MPI, and IPSL) under two Representative Concentration Pathway emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) was used. As result, the GCM projection indicated that, the mean annual maximum and minimum temperature projected to increases by 0.56°c and 0.31°c respectively while the mean annual rainfall has no a significant change in the coming decades. The study also resulted in a considerable average monthly and seasonal, rainfall change in magnitude and direction. Relative to the baseline period the changes in mean annual stream flow from (2021–2080) are mostly negative and indicate a reduction in volume of discharge available in the Borkena river. In addition, trends in the extreme flow are also determined for high and low flows and the results show a forceful negative trend for extreme stream flows and flood volumes may decrease by 43.1% in RCP4.5 under MPI (2021–2040), 38.6% (2041–2060) and 49.4% (2061–2080) in RCP8.5 under IPSL and MIROC5 respectively. These findings will serve as a nearly warning for the alarming extreme weather events for the future period in Borkena watershed as well as Awash River basin which require sustainable and effective adaptive measures for future water resource management.
Process optimization for biosynthesis of Pyruvate Decarboxylase (PDC) and Neuberg's ketol (PAC) from a novel Pichia cecembensis through Response surface methodology
Authors: Mushtaq Zareena , Mukhtar Hamid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
1.1. Purpose Phenyl acetyl carbinol (PAC) is an intermediate for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine etc.) used for the production of antiasthematics and decongestants. An effective and sustainable biosynthesis of PAC through condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde catalyzed by a solvent intolerant Pyruvate Decarboxylase (PDC) is being reported. Therefore, a process for the biosynthesis of PAC was designed and optimized through Response surface methodology (RSM) in present studies.1.2. Methods The effects of incubation time (8-18hrs), temperature (30-38oC), pH (4-10) and inoculum size (4-10%, v/v) on PAC yield, sugar consumption and PDC activity was determined during fermentation using a newly isolated, highly potent yeast strain of Pichia cecembensis. PAC was quantified spectrophotometerically and through HPLC. PDC produced in 5L flask using molasses as substrate, was exposed to 40mM benzaldehyde as whole cells, crude extract and partialy purified preparation to check its stability against the said solvent and determine its half life as residuel activity. 1.3. Results PDC activity and PAC yield during present studies were found to be 56.27 U/ml and 8.44 g/L, respectively. The yield of PAC (2.22 to 8.44g/L) was increased by 71% after process optimization through RSM with incubation time (13hrs), temperature (33°C) and total sugar (18%,v/v) as significant factors (p-values, 0.902, 0.260 and 0.247, respectively). Process design had Adj R2 value of 0.562, R-squared as 0.770 and Adeq Precision as 4.888 with a uniformly distributed standard error. PDC used in the form of Pichia cecembensis whole cells revealed higher stability towards benzaldehyde and elevated temperature as compared to partially purified PDC. Whole cells and partially purified PDC showed half-lives of 240 and 72 hrs at 4oC whereas, 33 and 28.5 hrs at 25oC. PAC was purified though HPLC with a purity level of 76.18%. 1.4. ConclusionIncubation time, temperature and sugar concentration were found to be significant factors for PAC biosynthesis. A newly isolated Pichia cecembensis has produced a highly active, solvent and temperature tolerant PDC which has been found far superior than the yeast strains used presently in industries. Hence, this novel yeast specie is a promising candidate for commercial production of PAC and other related APIs owing to its highly stable PDC in the presence of Benzaldehyde.
Capacity and kinetics of light-induced cytochrome oxidation in intact cells of photosynthetic bacteria
Authors: Kis Mariann , Smart James L. , Maróti Péter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Light-induced oxidation of the reaction center dimer and periplasmic cytochromes was detected by fast kinetic difference absorption changes in intact cells of wild type and cytochrome mutants (cycA, cytC4 and pufC) of Rubrivivax gelatinosus and Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Constant illumination from a laser diode or trains of saturating flashes enabled the kinetic separation of acceptor and donor redox processes, and the electron contribution from the cyt bc1 complex via periplasmic cytochromes. Under continuous excitation, concentrations of oxidized cytochromes increased in three phases where light intensity, electron transfer rate and the number of reduced cytochromes were the rate liming steps, respectively. By choosing suitable flash timing, gradual steps of cytochrome oxidation in whole cells were observed; each successive flash resulted in a smaller, damped oxidation. We attribute this damping to lowered availability of reduced cytochromes resulting from both exchange (unbinding/binding) of the cytochromes and electron transfer at the reaction center interface since a similar effect is observed upon deletion of genes encoding periplasmic cytochromes. In addition, we present a simple model to calculate the damping effect; application of this method may contribute to understanding the function of the diverse range of c-type cytochromes in the electron transport chains of anaerobic phototrophic bacteria.
A database of 5,305 healthy Korean individuals reveals genetic and clinical implications for an East Asian population
Authors: Choi Murim , Lee Jeongeun , Lee Jean , Jeon Sungwon , Lee Jeongha , Jang Insu , Yang Jin , Lee Byungwook , Choi Jinwook , CHOI Byung-Ok , Gee Heon Yung , Oh Jaeseong , Jang In-Jin , Lee Sanghyuk , Baek Daehyun , Koh Youngil , Yoon Sung-Soo , Kim Young-Joon , Chae Jong Hee , Park Woong-Yang , Bhak Jong Hwa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Despite substantial advances in disease genetics, studies to date have largely focused on individuals of European descent, limiting further discoveries of novel functional genetic variants in other ethnic groups. To alleviate the paucity of East Asian population genome resource, we established Korean Variant Archive 2 (KOVA 2), composed of 1,896 whole genome sequences and 3,409 whole exome sequences from healthy individuals of Korean ethnicity. This is the largest genome database from the ethnic Korean population to date, surpassing the 1,909 Korean individuals deposited in gnomAD. The variants in KOVA 2 displayed all known genetic features of those from previous genome databases, and we compiled data from Korean-specific runs of homozygosity, positively selected intervals, and structural variants. In doing so, we found loci that are strongly selected in the Koreans relative to other East Asians, such as ADH1A/1B and UHRF1BP1. Our analysis of allele ages revealed a correlation of variant functionality and evolutionary age. The data can be browsed and downloaded from a public website (https://www.kobic.re.kr/kova/). We anticipate KOVA 2 will serve as a valuable resource for genetic studies on East Asian populations.
Product Technology and Industry Technology: Exploring the Reverse Transformations
Authors: Motorin Vladimir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
One of the main aims of constructing input-output balance models is to assess an impact of exogenous changes in net final demand (certainly at constant prices) on simultaneous behavior of an economy. Nowadays, two approaches to constructing input-output coefficients are widely used in practice, namely, one based on so-called product technology assumption and another based on so-called industry technology assumption. These approaches provide direct transforming supply and use tables (SUT) to symmetric input-output tables (SIOT) in a product-by-product format.Focus of attention in the article is concentrated on analyzing the reverse transformations that link exogenous changes of final demand in SIOT with corresponding changes of the production and intermediate consumption matrices in initial SUT. Material balance equation, classical Leontief equation and product (or commodity) technology model form the system of equations with production and intermediate consumption matrices as unknowns. It is shown that this system has the solution that guarantees the exogenous changes in final demand to be at constant prices.In turn, material balance equation, classical Leontief equation and industry technology model constitute another system of equations (with the same unknowns) that can be also resolved with respect to production matrix and intermediate consumption matrix. However, exogenous varying the final demand in obtained solution leads to quantity changes in the intermediate consumption matrix and to price changes in the production matrix. This type of economy’s response to exogenous changes in final demand seems to be implausible artifact that is out of economic sense. Thus, there are some certain doubts about plausibility of underlying background for an industry technology assumption and a fixed product sales structure assumption that are widely used for transforming SUT to SIOT.JEL Classification: C67; D57
3-D Inversion of Gravity Data of the Central and Eastern Gonghe Basin for Geothermal Exploration
Authors: Zhao Jianwei , zeng zhaofa , Zhou Shuai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Gonghe Basin is one of the most important regions for the exploration and development of hot dry rock geothermal resources in China. However, there are still some controversies about the genetic mechanism of the hot dry rock geothermal system in the Gonghe Basin. Geophysical exploration methods are important means of geothermal resource exploration. Gravity exploration is a kind of geophysical exploration method based on the density difference of natural rock ore bodies. It has the advantages of low cost, high resolution, wide coverage, and large detection depth. It plays an important role in identifying faulted structures and delineating concealed rock ore bodies. Combined with previous research results including three-dimensional magnetotelluric imaging and linear inversion of Rayleigh wave group and phase velocity result, we obtained a high-resolution underground spatial density distribution model of Gonghe Basin based on satellite gravity data by using 3-D gravity focusing inversion method. According to the results, there are widely distributed low-density anomalies relative to surrounding rock in the middle crust of the study area. According to the previous research results, the low density layer is speculated to be a low-velocity, high-conductivity partial melting layer in the crust of the Gonghe Basin. The results of this study for the first time confirm the existence of partial melting layer based on gravity data inversion, and quantitatively explain the underground structure of the Gonghe Basin and the mechanism of geothermal system. This high-temperature melting layer may be the main heat source of the hot dry rock geothermal resources in the Gonghe Basin. Then the heat energy transfer from the hidden faults to the shallow reservoir rocks. The overlying cenozoic sedimentary strata can serve as the caprock for the geothermal system in the Gonghe basin.
The m6A demethylase FTO promotes esophageal cancer progression via the YTHDF1/AKT3 signaling network
Authors: Wei Ran , Zhao Fangfang , Li Zhenyu , Kong Lingsuo , Li Yuanhai , Zang Chunbao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
As the most abundant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs), the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays vital roles in many biological processes.
Results
Here we applied the methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to screen the m6A targets in esophageal cancer patients. We found that the m6A demethylase FTO was significantly up regulated in esophageal cancer cell lines and patient tissues. In vivo and in vitro assays demonstrated that FTO was involved in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells. Moreover, we found that the m6A methyltransferase METTL14 negatively regulates FTO function on esophageal cancer progression. By using transcriptome-wide m6A-seq and RNA-seq assays, we identified that AKT3 is a downstream target of FTO, which acts in concert to regulate the tumorigenesis and metastasis of esophageal cancer.
Conclusions
All these findings revealed insights into the m6A-regulated tumorigenesis in esophageal cancer, which is applicable for designing new therapeutic strategy.
Induced anti-predation defense traits of Daphnia are associated with the gut microbiota composition
Authors: Liu Qi , Akbar Siddiq , Ding Zihao , Zhou Qiming , Gu Lei , Sun Yunfei , Yang Zhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A growing number of studies on gnotobiotic animals have shown that the gut microbiota can promote host health by influencing life history traits. However, it is not clear whether the performance of host defense traits is related to the gut microbiota. In this study, we used Daphnia magna as a model organism to investigate the relationship between D. magna life history anti-predation defense traits and gut microbiota alterations under fish kairomone. Results showed that the Shannon diversity of D. magna gut microbiota under fish kairomone reduced significantly with the developmental stages. By analyzing the correlation between the induced anti-predation defense traits of D. magna and the relative abundance of bacteria, we found that the abundances of Comamonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae were linearly correlated with the partial anti-predation defense traits of D. magna. Furthermore, the functional categories analysis showed that fish kairomone influenced the metabolic repertoire of D. magna gut microbiota. Our results highlighted that predation risk can simultaneously induce anti-predation defense and reshape gut microbiota composition of D. magna, and there was a complex correlation between the induced defensive traits and altered-microbiota. Such results revealed an important role of gut microbiota in the development of defensive traits of Daphnia.
An Intelligent Deep Neural Based Peak-To-Average Power Ratio Mitigated System for Multi User OFDM Channel
Authors: Reddy G. krishna , sheeba G.Merlin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal having a large Peak-to-Average Power ratio (PAPR) can cause noise signals and power degradation. To remove the high PAPR in OFDM signals, the proposed Strawberry-based Recurrent Neural Framework (SbRNF) model is proposed. While transmitting the signals in the OFDM channel, the rate of PAPR was high due to more subcarriers. Basically, more subcarriers are needed to convey the OFDM channel's signals. Our proposed model made the reduction of PAPR in the OFDM channel easier. The result of the proposed model (SbRNF) was determined, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), Throughput, and Bit Error Rate (BER) were compared with other existing methodologies. Here, the presented model is executed in the MATLAB platform and shows that SbRNF has a low Bit Error Rate (BER), high throughput value, and Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) performance in the presence of high PAPR. While comparing the existing models with SbRNF provides better PAPR reduction in the signal transmission.
Efficiency and strategy of visual search: a study on eye movement and scan path
Authors: Mao Yongchun , Wei Zhonghe , Raju Gunasunderi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Search efficiency is related to page design, which can be reflected by search time, and is related to eye movement. Eye-tracking metrics can not only affect the search efficiency, but also reflect the search strategy. In scan path, the line segments between fixations form scanpath angles. Each angle represents the direction of eye movement and the strategy to determine the location of the next fixation. We created SAM (scanpath angle model), divided all angles into four intervals, and calculated their percentages to better understand these angles. Two eye movement experiments were designed. The first is to search for targets in non-distracted and distracted pages, and the second is to search for targets in pages with different layouts. It was found that distraction decreased search efficiency while increasing fixation count, fixation duration, and saccade count. The above three metrics have no significant different when layout changed, but the layout of scan path matched the page layout. The scanpath angle between 0 and 45 degrees is the largest in the distraction and layout groups, and the percentage is quite close.
Characteristics and mechanism of Jiaocheng ground fissure in Taiyuan basin, China
Authors: Meng Zhenjiang , Wang Feiyong , Peng Jianbing , Lu Quanzhong , Qiao Jianwei , Wen Haiguang , Zang Mingdong , Jia Zhijie , Zhao Junyan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Fenwei basin, within 612 ground fissures developed, is the most concentrated and serious area in China and even in the world for the development of ground fissure hazards. The Jiaocheng ground fissure in the Taiyuan basin is known for its length and for inflicting the most damage and having the most impact in China. To discover the origin of the Jiaocheng ground fissure, surveying, trenching, and geophysical exploration were used to investigate its geological basis, developmental characteristics, and genetic process. With a total 46 km length and an 80–120 m impact bandwidth, it is one of the longest ground fissures found in the world. The fissure is on the Jiaocheng fault's hanging wall, and the NE strike is quite consistent with this fault. Houses, roads, fields, and other structures have all been damaged to varying degrees by the fissure. Vertical dislocation, horizontal tension, and right-lateral slide are the most common types. This fissure has synsedimentary features, according to trenching and shallow seismic profiling. The Jiaocheng ground fissure was formed because of the interaction of several forces. Due to regional extension, the Jiaocheng fault shifted, creating a rupture system in the surface strata. The pumping activity contributes to the formation of the current ground fissure. This effort promotes research into fissure mechanics and has implications for disaster prevention and mitigation of ground fissures.