bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of macroalgal biomass potential in Tunisia for bioethanol production
Authors: Smichi Neila , Messaoudi Yosra , Moujahed Nizar , Messaoud Chokri , Langar Habib , Bezzarga Mounir , Gargouri Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The valorization of marine macroalgal biomass is among the most promising international programs focusing on the sustainable exploitation of marine environment. However, macro-algal biomass remains unexploited in Tunisia even though it represents a renewable and highly abundant biomass. This causes several environmental disorders due to the excessive proliferation of several algal species. The objective of this work is to study the potential use of macroalgae as biofuels feedstock in the Mediterranean region and particularly in Tunisia. This study focuses on certain macroalgal species collected from Bizerte and Tunis lagoons. It reports the biochemical characterization of the studied macroalgae in order to determine their possible valorization areas and demonstrate their richness in high value molecules. In fact, our experiments show that the maximum protein content of 16.22%±0.270 was obtained with G. verrucosa and the maximum carbohydrates content of 58.46%±1.52 was obtained with Dictyopteris polypodoies. This leads us to believe that macroalgae constitute a potential source of fiber and proteins. After a sulfuric acid pretreatment, the macroalgae’s solid fractions were hydrolyzed using cellic Ctec2 enzymatic extract leading to a maximum reducing sugars yield of 324.6 mg/gDM. Monomeric sugars from the studied macroalgae hydrolyzates were fermented, leading to maximum ethanol yield of 0.24g/gDM.
Extraction and generalisation of category-level information during visual statistical learning in autistic people
Authors: Parsons Owen , Baron-Cohen Simon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background We aimed to assess whether autistic individuals were able to generalise across contexts when building statistical expectations of their environment to the same extent as non-autistic individuals. We did this by assessing the implicit awareness of statistical regularities in a sequence of naturalistic scene images in both autistic and non-autistic individuals. Methods125 participants (61 participants with an autism diagnosis and 64 non-autistic controls) were presented with a fast serial presentation sequence of images and given a cover task to avoid attention being explicitly drawn to patterns in the underlying sequences. This was followed by a two-alternative forced choice task to assess participants’ implicit recall. Participants were presented with 1 of 3 unique versions of the task, in which the presentation and assessment of statistical regularities was done at either a low feature-based level or a high semantic-based level. ResultsThere were no significant group differences in how performance varied across the 3 conditions, but there was an overall significant reduction in visual statistical learning in the autistic group. There was also a lack of statistical significant effect of learning for the autistic participants who completed the generalisation condition.LimitationsWhile the overall sample was fairly large, the sample sizes for the subgroups within the study were modest, so the lack of statistically significant effect of learning for the autistic participants who completed the generalisation condition may be due to a lack of power rather than an true absence of learning. Additionally, this study did not directly assess if semantic information was being processed to a similar extent by both autistic and non-autistic participants.ConclusionsThese results do not support the claim that autistic individuals experience difficulties in either acquiring or generalising statistic regularities at the category-level, but suggest that differences in visual statistical learning occur in autistic people.
Users’ perceptions of how an unmoderated eating disorder community may benefit or harm their recovery
Authors: Jones Maegan E. , Salafia Elizabeth H. Blodgett , Leonard Kerrie C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: While the negative and positive outcomes of pro-eating disorder groups have been well-documented, more research is needed on the effects of pro-recovery communities. In particular, a gap in knowledge remains surrounding users’ feelings about their experiences in such communities. Using open-ended questions, we interviewed those involved in the recovery community on the social media site Tumblr, to determine how the community helped/did not help with recovery, and how it made them feel about recovery. Methods: Participants (n = 29) answered a series of Likert and open-ended questions. The open-ended questions were examined using thematic analysis to learn about users’ lived experiences. Results: When asked if/how the community helped with recovery, positive themes of “not alone,” “motivation,” and “encouragement” were identified, as were negative themes of “competition” and “triggering content.” When asked if the community made them feel better or worse about their recovery, a theme of comparison was identified, with two subthemes: positive and negative. In addition, a theme of type of content was found. Conclusions: Participants believed the community was helpful and made them feel better about recovery, with some caveats. Recovery communities on unmoderated sites or social media applications may be useful tools during the recovery process.
Modelling the Latent cardio-metabolic profiles of individuals in an epidemiological investigation
Authors: Esmaeili Parya , Roshanravan Neda , Mousavi Saeid , Ghaffari Samad , Alamdari Naimeh Mesri , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohamad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to explore the cardio-metabolic risk factors profile to assess the underlying predictors of these profiles in healthcare workers of the AZAR cohort population.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 500 healthcare providers, official staff, and professors aged 18 to 75 years of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify the subjects according systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, statin, metabolic syndrome, BMI, lipid profiles, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Logistic regression predicted the underlying predictors of latent profile. Results: The individuals were classified into two LPA-driven classes, including a low risk profile (n = 210), and a high-risk profile (n = 290). High-risk group were older, and was more likely to be male than those in the low-risk group (P<0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and hemoglobin was significantly higher in the high-risk group than the low-risk group (P<0.05). But statin was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the low risk profile; BMI (OR=3.30, 95% CI: 1.10–9.93), triglyceride (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.05), smoking (OR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.01–0.95) and hematocrit (OR=12.07, 95% CI: 3.46–42.11) were higher in the high-risk profile.Conclusion: Identifying risk factors may prevent the incidence of cardiometabolic disease. Higher BMI levels, higher triglyceride values, higher hematocrit, and lower HDL values are better predictors for identifying a cardio-metabolic high-risk profile.
Effects of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) gene variants, alone and in combination with smoking or drinking, on cancers: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Qiurui , Huang Yonghui , Wei Zhenxia , Chen Li , Luo Ying , Li Xiaojie , Li Cuiping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

This meta-analysis aimed to systematically describe the association between cancer risks and Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) among smokers and drinkers. Literatures were searched through PubMed, Web of science, CNKI and WANFANG published from 2001 to 2022. Stata was used with fixed-effect model or random-effect model to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Sensitivity and heterogeneity calculations were performed, and Begg and Egger's test was used to look for publication bias. Regression analysis was performed on the correlated variables about heterogeneity, and the false-positive report probabilities (FPRP) and the Bayesian False Discovery Probability (BFDP) were calculated to measure the confidence of a statistically significant association. A total of 83 studies were eligible for GSTs and cancer with smoking status (19311 cases and 23194 controls), including 13 articles referred to drinking status (4308 cases and 5476 controls). GSTM1-null had significant associations with cancer risks, alone (OR = 1.362, 95%CI=(1.204–1.540) and in combination with smoking (OR = 1.305, 95%CI=(1.149–1.482); GSTT1-null had significant associations with cancer risks in combination with smoking (OR = 1.265, 95%CI = 1.032–1.552) or drinking (OR = 1.423, 95%CI = 1.042–1.942); and negative associations were found between GSTP1rs1695(AG + GG/AA) and cancer risks among Caucasians in combination with smoking (OR = 0.788, 95%CI = 0.653–0.950) or drinking (OR = 0.724, 95%CI = 0.571–0.919). Thus, the effect of GSTM1-null on cancer risks might not be augmented in combination with smoking; GSTT1-null might increase cancer susceptibility among smokers and drinkers; while a negative association between GSTP1rs1695 genetic variants and cancer risks could be seen in Caucasians.
Effects of high pressure treatments (ultra-high hydrostatic pressure and high pressure homogenization) on bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) myofibrillar protein native state and its hydrolysate
Authors: Chen Mengting , Wang Lan , Zheng Changliang , Wu Wenjin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The impacts of four treatments ultra-high hydrostatic pressure (UHP), high pressure homogenization (HPH), combined UHP + HPH (U-H), and HPH + UHP (H-U) on bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) myofibrillar protein (BMP) structure, functional hydrolysis property to pepsin, and antioxidant activity of hydrolysates were investigated. All treatments led to increase in low-molecular-weight BMP, the BMP stability, and hydrophobic group exposure, but decrease in total sulfhydryl content and BMP particle size, thus resulting in increased hydrolysis and antioxidant capacity of enzymatic hydrolysates. U-H treated BMP exhibited the highest surface hydrophobicity (924.5 ± 1.0), zeta potential absolute value (18.88 ± 0.11 mV), hydrolysis degree (54.5 ± 1.6%), and antioxidant activity, but the lowest α-helix (21.84 ± 2.61%), intrinsic fluorescence spectrum intensity, total sulfhydryl (7.24 ± 0.07 µmol/g), and mean particle size (182.57 ± 2.23 nm). Therefore, U-H might be a promising pretreatment to prepare bioactive peptide.
Gnrhr-related Central Hypogonadism With Spontaneous Recovery-case Report
Authors: Schweiger Darja Šmigoc , Povše Maja Davidović , Podkrajšek Katarina Trebušak , Battelino Tadej , Stefanija Magdalena Avbelj 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by absent or incomplete puberty and infertility. Clinical characteristics are secondary to insufficient gonadotropin secretion, caused by deficient gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) production, secretion, or action. Loss-of-function variants of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) are associated with CHH without anosmia. CHH was previously considered a permanent condition, but in the past two decades, cases of spontaneous recovery of CHH have been reported. The reversal of hypogonadism in CHH is currently unpredictable, and can happen unnoticed. Case presentation: The male proband was diagnosed with CHH due to compound heterozygosity for two previously reported pathogenic missense variants in the GNRHR gene, NM_000406.2:c.416G>A (NP_000397.1:p.Arg139His) and c.785G>A (p.Arg262Gln) at 16 years of age. In addition to arrested partial puberty, he had a low testosterone level, gonadotropins in the range of early puberty, and a normal inhibin B level. A therapy with increasing doses of intramuscular testosterone undecanoate was received for 2.5 years, while there was no change in testicular volume. At the age of 19 years, testosterone supplementation was interrupted. During the next two years, he had spontaneous pubertal development to achieve a testicular volume of 20 mL, with normal adult levels of gonadotropins and testosterone. Conclusions: Genetic diagnostics can help discriminate congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, deserving therapeutic intervention, from the self-limited constitutional delay of growth and puberty. Patients with GNRHR associated hypogonadism can experience spontaneous recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Spontaneous testis enlargement in patients with central hypogonadism not taking gonadotropins or pulsatile GnRH therapy can indicate recovery of hypogonadism.
Effects of Ni-flash coating on hydrogen evolution, ad/absorption, and permeation behaviors of advanced high-strength steel during electrogalvanizing
Authors: Kim Sung Jin , Bang Hye Rin , Park Jin Sung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The effects of a thin Ni-flash coating on hydrogen evolution, ad/absorption, and permeation of advanced high-strength steel were examined for a deeper understanding of the hydrogen infusion behavior in the steel substrate during electrogalvanizing. The electrochemical permeation technique and impedance spectroscopy were used under cathodic polarization in a step-up manner. In addition to the electrochemical analyses, the hydrogen microprinting technique was employed to identify the distribution of Ag particles (locating hydrogen atoms) in the electrogalvanized steels with and without a thin intermediate Ni-layer. The results revealed that despite the higher hydrogen evolution rate on Ni-layer than on bare steel, the intermediate Ni-layer decreased the hydrogen infusion considerably in the steel substrate during electrogalvanizing, due primarily to the lower hydrogen ad/absorption rate on the Ni-layer, and the predominant hydrogen trapping at the multi-interfacial areas of the Zn-layer/Ni-layer/steel substrate. These results could provide insights into the precise role of a thin Ni-flash coating on the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of ultra-high-strength steel alloys during electrogalvanizing.
Peer researchers’ experiences of a co-produced research project on supported decision-making
Authors: Webb Paul , Falls David , Keenan Fionnuala , Norris Barbara , Owens Aine , Davidson Gavin , Edge Rosalie , Kelly Berni , McLaughlin Aisling , Montgomery Lorna , Mulvenna Christine , Irvine Rebecca Shea 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMaking decisions about your own life is a key aspect of independence, freedom, human rights and social justice. There are disabled people who, without support, would be assessed as incapable of making certain decisions but with the appropriate support are capable of making those decisions and so to not provide that support infringes their rights, undermines their autonomy and reinforces their exclusion from society. However, there is limited research evidence available about disabled people’s experiences of the range of approaches provided to support decision- making. This article will explore the experiences of four peer researchers who co-produced a research project on how people have, or have not been, supported to make their own decisions. Two of the peer researchers have experience of mental health problems and two are people with intellectual disabilities. MethodsThe peer researchers interviewed 21 people with mental health problems and 20 people with intellectual disabilities to gain an in-depth understanding of their experiences and preferences for how decision-making should be supported. Peer researcher experiences at each stage of the study from design to analysis were explored using data collected from the peer researchers via blogs written at early stages of the study, discussions at team meetings as the fieldwork progressed and at a final workshop at the end of the study which gave the peer researchers the opportunity to focus on their overall reflections of being a peer researcher. The article also discusses motivations to undertake the peer research role, the process of co-production and the challenges negotiated during the study. ResultsThe peer researchers reported a number of positive effects of being involved in the research project which included improvements in skills and self-confidence. ConclusionsThe peer researchers’ involvement challenged assumptions about the inability of people with intellectual disabilities and/or mental health problems to participate proactively in a research project whilst also highlighting the importance of training for all team members.
Effect of Intensive Short-term Functional Strength Training on Physical Fitness Variables of National Kho-kho Players
Authors: Kumar Manish , Rizvi Moattar , Sharma Ankita , Arora Sumit , Saini Preeti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Kho-Kho is unique from any other game where in the players are arranged in random manner chasing the opponent and need to be very quick. However, Kho-Kho is a team game, but still individual ability shows a vital role in the victory of game. Cultivating and maintaining the physical fitness is becoming one of the most important aims for any sports training. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive short-term functional strength training on functional movement, balance, and agility amongst the National Kho-Kho players.Method: Sixty National Kho-Kho players (35 males and 25 females) were recruited for the Kho-Kho camp who were included in the study. Two weeks training session based on strength and balance was given to the players and following this post data was obtained for functional movement, balance and agility before and after the training respectively. Result: There were significant improvement in FMS composite scores after 2 weeks of intervention (p=<0.001) both in male and female Kho-Kho players. After 2 week of intervention there were significant improvement was observed in Balance [Static with open eye (p=0.043), with close eye (p=<0.001 and Dynamic for both feet (p=<0.001), for single foot comparison (p=0.032)], as well as significant changes was observed in agility [SEMO (p=<0.001). 40m run (p=0.808), Illinois test (p=<0.001)]. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that short duration Functional Strength Training gives the effect on Functional movement screening, Balance and Agility of national KHO-KHO players. This can help to maintain body strength as well as proprioception. Early detection in lack of Functional movement, balance and Agility can reduce the risk of injury. As short duration, functional strength training helps to develop the mobility, balance, stability and strength of individual, which in turn can help the Kho-Kho players for the improved performance.
Correlation between health of Hungarian adults and the 6-minute walking test
Authors: Gordos Mónika , Wilhelm Márta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Backround
Previous studies of health and wellbeing of the Hungarian adult population primarily focused on illnesses, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, the use of health services and other health related costs, economic and social problems and life expectancy at birth. Expected life time without limitations predicted at birth in Hungary lags behind other countries, according to 2019 WHO data, having the 76th place.
Aims
The aim of our study was to measure health related fitness of a Hungarian adult sample with the aid of 6MWT and correlate their performance with anthropological data.
Methods
143 healthy volunteer subjects participated in the survey (45 male and 98 female), the average age was: 45.31 ± 9.42 year.
Results
Anthropometric data greatly diverged from the normal range in both genders. Average deviation was 59.28% in bodyweight; 56.07% in BMI; 57.38% in body fat percentage; 56.09% in WH ratio. Results of the 6MWT (647.60 ± 20.27 m, average VO₂max was 45.77 ± 5.12 ml/kg/min)) and the 6MWT results lagged slightly behind expecyed velues (771.12 ± 78.59 m).
Conclusion
Exploring the primary reasons of these results are very important, but offering appropriate training and lifestyle programs would help improving the health related fitness of Hungarian adults.
Chemical characterization and biological effect of exopolysaccharides synthesized by Antarctic yeasts Cystobasidium ongulense AL101 and Leucosporidium yakuticum AL102 on murine innate immune cells
Authors: Rusinova-Videva Snezhana , Ognyanov Manol , Georgiev Yordan , Petrova Ani , Dimitrova Petya , Kambourova Margarita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by two Antarctic yeasts isolated from soil and penguin feathers samples collected on Livingston Island (Antarctica). The strains were identified as belonging to the species Leucosporidium yakuticum (LY) and Cystobasidium ongulense (CO) based on a molecular genetic analysis. The EPS production was investigated at submerged cultivation. Different chemical, chromatographic, and spectral analyses were employed to characterize EPSs. LY accumulated 5.5g/L biomass and 4.0g/L EPS after 120 h of cultivation, while CO synthesis 2.1g/L EPS at the end of cultivation and biomass amount reached 5.5g/L. LY-EPS was characterized by a higher total carbohydrate content (80%) and a lower protein content (18%) by comparison with CO-EPS (62%, 30%). The LY-EPS mainly consisted of mannose (90 mol%), whereas CO-EPS had also glucose, galactose, and small amounts of uronic acids (8-5 mol%). Spectral analyses (FT-IR and 1D, 2D NMR) revealed that LY-EPS comprised a typical β-(1→4)-mannan. Branched (hetero)mannan, together with β/α-glucans constituted the majority of CO-EPS. Unlike LY-EPS, which had a high percentage of high molecular weight populations, CO-EPS displayed a large quantity of lower molecular weight fractions and a higher degree of heterogeneity. LY-EPS (at a concentration of 100 ng/mL) elevated significantly interferon IFN-γ production in splenic murine macrophages and NK cells. The results indicated that newly identified EPS might affect IFN-γ signaling and in turn, might enhance anti-infectious responses. The data obtained also revealed the potential of EPSs and yeasts for practical application in biochemical engineering and biotechnology.
Controlled Electronic and Magnetic Landscape in Self-Assembled Complex Oxide Heterostructures
Authors: Park Daesung , Rata A. Diana , Dahm Rasmus , Gan Yulin , Maznichenko Igor , Ostanin Sergey , Trier Felix , Choi Woo Seok , Choi Chel-Jong , Kim Young Heon , Rees Gregory , Chu Kanghyun , Gíslason Hafliði , Buczek Pawel , Mertig Ingrid , Ionescu Adrian , Ernst Arthur , Dörr Kathrin , Muralt Paul , Pryds Nini 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Complex oxide heterointerfaces contain a rich playground of novel physical properties and functionalities, giving rise to emerging technologies. The electronic states at the interface include strongly correlated interactions, governed by distortions of crystal symmetry, lattice strains, electronic reconstruction, and defect orders. Here, we demonstrate that self-assembly approach has an ability to control the electronic and magnetic landscape using interface engineering of complex oxide LaAlO3(1-x):LaBO3(x) (LABO) nanocomposite thin film heterostructure on SrTiO3(001). A 2D layer-by-layer growth yields atomically abrupt interfaces where vertically aligned magnetic structures (3D) are spontaneously formed in the LABO/SrTiO3 heterostructures. This 2D-3D transient structural assembly is primarily driven by the composition ratio, leading to the coexistence of low-dimensional high-mobility electron gas and magnetic ordering. We further demonstrate an effective way to tune the magnetism for triggering notable magnetoelectric coupling effects. Our work paves the way for designing oxide nanocomposite heterostructures via a self-assembly approach with multifunctional coupled phenomena.