bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-step electrodeposition of a polypyrrole/NiO nanocomposite as a supercapacitor electrode
Authors: El Nady Jehan , Shokry Azza , Khalil Marwa , Ebrahim S. , Elshaer A. M. , Anas M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn electrochemical deposition technique was used to fabricate polypyrrole (Ppy)/NiO nanocomposite electrodes for supercapacitors. The nanocomposite electrodes were characterized and investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The performance of supercapacitor electrodes of Ppy/NiO nanocomposite was enhanced compared with pristine Ppy electrode. It was found that the Ppy/NiO electrode electrodeposited at 4 A/cm−2 demonstrated the highest specific capacitance of 679 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 with an energy density of 94.4 Wh kg−1 and power density of 500.74 W kg−1. Capacitance retention of 83.9% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at 1 Ag−1 was obtained. The high electrochemical performance of Ppy/NiO was due to the synergistic effect of NiO and Ppy, where a rich pores network-like structure made the electrolyte ions more easily accessible for Faradic reactions. This work provided a simple approach for preparing organic–inorganic composite materials as high-performance electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors.
Hematobiochemical variability and predictors of new-onset and persistent postpartum preeclampsia
Authors: Fondjo Linda Ahenkorah , Amoah Beatrice , Annan John Jude , Adu-Gyamfi Enoch Appiah , Asamaoh Evans Adu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) can occur antepartum or postpartum. When it develops de novo after childbirth, it is termed new-onset postpartum PE (NOPPE). Often, antepartum PE disappears after childbirth; however, in some women it persists after childbirth. This form of PE is termed persistent PE (PPE). Thus, there are two forms of postpartum PE: NOPPE and PPE. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of these diseases have not been fully characterized, and whether NOPPE and PPE are different or similar pathological conditions remains unexplored. Thus, we aimed to compare the haematological and biochemical characteristics of NOPPE and PPE, predict the occurrence of new-onset PE and identify lifestyles that predispose women to postpartum PE. A total of 130 women comprising 65 normotensive postpartum women, 33 NOPPE and 32 PPE women were recruited for this hospital-based case–control study. The socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics of the participants were obtained through well-structured questionnaires. Haematological and biochemical indices were measured using automated analysers and ELISA. The prevalence of postpartum PE was 11.9%. Dyslipidaemia (p =  < 0.0001), hypomagnesaemia (p =  < 0.001), elevated serum levels of ALT, AST (p =  < 0.0001), sVCAM-1 (p =  < 0.0001) and sFlt-1 (p =  < 0.0001) were more prevalent and severe in the PPE than in the NOPPE. Sedentary lifestyle was common among both groups of hypertensive women. Elevated ALT and AST were significant predictors of NOPPE. These findings indicate that preeclampsia exists after childbirth in a high percentage of women. NOPPE and PPE are different pathological conditions that require different clinical management. Combined glucose, lipid and liver assessment could be useful in predicting postpartum PE.
His bundle pacing guided by automated intrinsic morphology matching is feasible in patients with narrow QRS complexes
Authors: Bastian Dirk , Gregorio Caterina , Buia Veronica , Walaschek Janusch , Rittger Harald , Vitali-Serdoz Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPace mapping and visual comparison of the local pacing response with the intrinsic QRS morphology form the mainstay of His bundle pacing (HBP). We evaluated the performance of a surface lead morphology match algorithm for automated classification of the pacing response in patients with narrow intrinsic QRS undergoing electroanatomic mapping (EAM)-guided HBP. HBP was attempted in 43 patients. In 28 cases with narrow QRS, the EnSite AutoMap Module was used for automated assessment of the QRS morphology resulting from pace mapping in the His cloud area with either a diagnostic catheter or the His lead. An intrinsic morphology match score (IMS) was calculated for 1.546 QRS complexes and assessed regarding its accuracy and performance in classifying the individual pacing response as either selective HBP (S-HBP), nonselective HBP (NS-HBP) or right ventricular stimulation. Automated morphology comparison of 354 intrinsic beats with the individual reference determined a test accuracy of 99% (95% CI 98.96–99.04) and a precision of 97.99–99.5%. For His-lead stimulation, an IMS ≥ 89% identified S-HBP with a sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) and a negative predictive value of 0.99 (0.98, 1.00). An IMS between 78 and < 89% indicated NS-HBP with a sensitivity and specificity of 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) and 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), respectively. IMS represents a new automated measure for standardized individual morphology classification in patients with normal QRS undergoing EAM-guided HBP.Clinical trial registration: NCT04416958.
Rapid remote monitoring reveals spatial and temporal hotspots of carbon loss in Africa’s rainforests
Authors: Csillik Ovidiu , Reiche Johannes , De Sy Veronique , Araza Arnan , Herold Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpatially explicit monitoring of tropical forest aboveground carbon is an important prerequisite for better targeting and assessing forest conservation efforts and more transparent reporting of carbon losses. Here, we combine near-real-time forest disturbance alerts based on all-weather radar data with aboveground carbon stocks to provide carbon loss estimates at high spatial and temporal resolution for the rainforests of Africa. We identified spatial and temporal hotspots of carbon loss for 2019 and 2020 for the 23 countries analyzed, led by different drivers of forest disturbance. We found that 75.7% of total annual carbon loss in the Central African Republic happened within the first three months of 2020, while 89% of the annual carbon loss in Madagascar occurred within the last five months of 2020. Our detailed spatiotemporal mapping of carbon loss creates opportunities for much more transparent, timely, and efficient assessments of forest carbon changes both at the level of specific activities, for national-level GHG reporting, and large area comparative analysis.
Preservation of lymphocyte functional fitness in perinatally-infected and treated HIV+ pediatric patients displaying sub-optimal viral control
Authors: Khanolkar Aaruni , Muller William J. , Simpson Bridget M. , Cerullo Jillian , Williams Ruth , Sowers Sun Bae , Matthews Kiana , Mercader Sara , Hickman Carole J. , D’Aquila Richard T. , Liu Guorong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHost–pathogen dynamics associated with HIV infection are quite distinct in children versus adults. We interrogated the functional fitness of the lymphocyte responses in two cohorts of perinatally infected HIV+ pediatric subjects with early anti-retroviral therapy (ART) initiation but divergent patterns of virologic control. We hypothesized that sub-optimal viral control would compromise immune functional fitness.MethodsThe immune responses in the two HIV+ cohorts (n = 6 in each cohort) were benchmarked against the responses measured in age-range matched, uninfected healthy control subjects (n = 11) by utilizing tests for normality, and comparison [the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the two-tailed Mann–WhitneyUtest (where appropriate)]. Lymphocyte responses were examined by intra-cellular cytokine secretion, degranulation assays as well as phosflow. A subset of these data were further queried by an automated clustering algorithm. Finally, we evaluated the humoral immune responses to four childhood vaccines in all three cohorts.ResultsWe demonstrate that contrary to expectations pediatric HIV+ patients with sub-optimal viral control display no significant deficits in immune functional fitness. In fact, the patients that display better virologic control lack functional Gag-specific T cell responses and compared to healthy controls they display signaling deficits and an enrichment of mitogen-stimulated CD3 negative and positive lymphocyte clusters with suppressed cytokine production.ConclusionsThese results highlight the immune resilience in HIV+ children on ART with sub-optimal viral control. With respect to HIV+ children on ART with better viral control, our data suggest that this cohort might potentially benefit from targeted interventions that might mitigate cell-mediated immune functional quiescence.
Composition dependent polymorphism and superconductivity in Y3+x{Rh,Ir}4Ge13−x
Authors: Feig Manuel , Carrillo-Cabrera Wilder , Bobnar Matej , Simon Paul , Curfs Caroline , Levytskyi Volodymyr , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Leithe-Jasper Andreas , Gumeniuk Roman 
Published: March 2022

Polymorphism is observed in the Y3+xRh4Ge13−x series of superconductors.
GPU accelerated blockchain over key‐value database transactions
Authors: Iliakis Konstantinos , Koliogeorgi Konstantina , Litke Antonios , Varvarigou Theodora , Soudris Dimitrios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlockchain is a distributed ledger based on peer‐to‐peer networks, originally used for crypto‐currency systems. Blockchains are being used as an enabling technology for decentralised applications in the areas of Internet‐of‐Things, finance, supply‐chain and others. Consistency, data privacy, performance, and energy efficiency are of paramount importance in such applications. The full nodes of public, permissionless blockchains undertake the task of verifying the transactions generated by the network. Full nodes perform operations such as confirming balances, transactions, and history, i.e. mostly database search queries. Consequently, their throughput is crucial for the performance of blockchain systems. In this work, the benefits of accelerating the blockchain search and insert queries by leveraging GPU platforms are studied. An extensive comparison between the most dominant utilized database is provided, i.e. LevelDB, and MegaKV, a high‐performance GPU‐accelerated database. Realistic operations that take place in blockchain systems are emulated and evaluated over representative scenarios, showing three orders of magnitude gains in throughput and energy efficiency without compromising the security aspect. The extensive comparison between LevelDB and MegaKV indicates that GPU acceleration is an effective solution for runtime and energy efficiency enhancement of blockchain systems, and the integration of the two technologies is a promising field of research.
Integrated active fault‐tolerant formation control for networked multi‐agent systems
Authors: Liu Yishi , Dong Xiwang , Shi Pengfei , Liu Jianwei , Zeng Qinghan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the design and simulation of an integrated reconfigurable control strategy for networked multi‐agent systems. The control task is to remain the desired time‐varying formation in the presence of actuator faults, and to well address the pairing between fault estimation and reconfigurable formation control. A decentralized fault estimation method using observer based estimator is presented to estimate both additive and multiplicative fault values. The reconfigurable control is constructed by adaptive technique using a distributed strategy. Only the information from neighboring agents as well as the fault values are required. The adaptive gains and fault estimates are designed by analyzing the Lyapunov stability of the overall system. The simulation results validate that the proposed integrated fault‐tolerant formation control scheme can recover the original desired formation if there are faulty agents in system.
Fuzzy adaptive observer‐based fault estimation design with adjustable parameter for satellite under unknown actuator faults and perturbations
Authors: Li Yanbo , Xu Wei , Chang Lin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study considers the problem of fault estimation for rigid satellite in the presence of external disturbances, parameter perturbations, and actuator time‐varying faults. Firstly, a Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model with interval matrix for satellite attitude system under large attitude angle scope is established, along with a detailed analysis of actuator faults in terms of additive and multiplicative descriptions. Then, a novel fuzzy adaptive observer with adjustable parameter is proposed to estimate both system states and actuator faults. The estimated errors are proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded, based on descriptor augmentation technique and Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed observer realizes a lower estimation performance index in terms of quantitative assessment compared to existing observer methods. Furthermore, an auxiliary optimization variable and the elimination method are applied to decrease the conservatism of the proposed design. And an intuitive quantitative performance index of fault estimation is introduced to obtain reliable evaluation and decision. Finally, numerical simulations and analyses of rigid satellite illustrate the effectiveness and benefit of the proposed strategy.
Study on operation voltage monitoring and electrothermal coupling simulation of electric multiple unit (EMU) roof arrester
Authors: Zhang Qizhe , Wang Shenghui , Sun Kaixuan , Dong Xinghao , Liu Mingliang , Lü Fangcheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe roof arrester of electric multiple units (EMU) can efficiently limit the overvoltage, and ensure the safe operation of the EMU electrical equipment. In the process of high‐speed operation, the traction power supply system is often affected by overvoltage. In addition, roof arrester explosion accidents occasionally occur. In this paper, the on‐line voltage measurement system of the EMU arrester is developed. By analysing a large number of voltage waveforms, the abnormal voltage is divided into three categories: over‐phase voltage, high harmonic voltage and steep impulse overvoltage. The characteristics of abnormal voltage waveforms are then summarised. The electrothermal coupling simulation model of the arrester is developed, and the current response and temperature distribution of the arrester under abnormal voltage are calculated. The impact of the impulse voltage energy on the arrester temperature is studied by applying a triangular wave voltage to the model. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for the operation and maintenance of the roof arrester.
Deep reinforcement learning based active safety control for distributed drive electric vehicles
Authors: Wei Hongqian , Zhao Wenqiang , Ai Qiang , Zhang Youtong , Huang Tianyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDistributed drive electric vehicles are regarded as the promising transportation due to the advanced power flow architecture. Optimizing the yaw motion to enhance vehicle safety is a challenging job. Besides, the nonlinear features in vehicles affect the control accuracy of the yaw motion controllers. To this end, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based direct yaw moment control (DYC) strategy is put forward here. Vehicle dynamics can be approximated with the DRL algorithm, which reduces the complex nonlinear solving process. Concretely, the DYC problem is formulated as Markov Decision Process in which the observed signals and external yaw moment are incorporated as the state and action sets. Thereupon, actor‐critic network is exhibited to approximate action‐value function and policy function for better control performance. Furthermore, to guarantee the continuous solution of external yaw moment, the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is employed, in which target and online network parameters are simultaneously trained to maintain learning process stability. The proposed DRL based DYC strategy is verified using the Carsim/Simulink platform under the typical lane change manoeuvres. Numerical test results demonstrate that the proposed DYC strategy outperforms the linear approaches on taking full advantage of understeer features and enhancing the lateral stability, especially under the critical steering manoeuvres.
Utilisation du Système CT8® en orthodontie systémique pour traiter les supraclusions incisives de l'adulte
Authors: Chillès Jean-Gabriel , Riemenschneider-Chillès Sylvia , Chillès Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Cet article montre comment nous pouvons traiter efficacement les problèmes de supraclusion chez l'adulte à l'aide du « Système CT8® », système simplifié d'ancrage cortical sur microvis placées en fond de vestibule au-delà des apex.
Après une rapide description du matériel et de la façon de le mettre en oeuvre, des cas cliniques représentatifs des différentes situations de supraclusion qui peuvent être rencontrées sont présentées puis analysés.
Au-delà même de l'aide attendue par des ancrages fixés, la constatation d'un redressement spontané systématique de l'axe des incisives supérieures sans avoir eu besoin de réaliser une mécanique spécifique de torque bouscule beaucoup d'idées reçues considérées comme intangibles.
La comparaison avec les autres ancrages osseux montre que le « Système CT8® » est réellement le système de choix pour ingresser les incisives chez l'adulte, tant au niveau de l'étendue de ses possibilités que de sa fiabilité.
Resident Endoscopy Experience Correlates Poorly with Performance on a Virtual Reality Simulator
Authors: Oberoi Kurun Partap S. , Scott Michael T. , Schwartzman Jacob , Mahajan Jasmine , Patel Nell Maloney , Alvarez-Downing Melissa M. , Merchant Aziz M. , Kunac Anastasia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Endoscopy training has become increasingly emphasized during general surgery residency as reflected by introduction of the Fundamentals of Endoscopic Surgery (FES) examination, which includes testing of skills on virtual reality (VR) simulators. Although studies exist to assess the ability of the simulator to differentiate between novices and experienced endoscopists, it is not well understood how simulators can differentiate skills among resident cohort.
Objective To assess the utility of the VR simulator, we evaluated the correlation between resident endoscopy experience and performance on two VR simulator colonoscopy modules on the GI-BRONCH Mentor (Simbionix Ltd, Airport City, Israel).
Methods Postgraduate years 2 to 5 residents completed “easy” and “difficult” VR colonoscopies, and performance metrics were recorded from October 2017 to February 2018 at Rutgers' two general surgery residency programs. Resident endoscopy experience was obtained through Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case logs. Correlations between resident endoscopy experience and VR colonoscopy performance metrics were assessed using Spearman's rho (ρ) correlation statistic and bivariate logistic regression.
Results Fifty-five residents out of 65 (84.6%) eligible participants completed the study. There were limited correlations found between resident endoscopy experience and FES performance metrics and no correlations were found between resident endoscopy experience and binary metrics of colonoscopy—ability to complete colonoscopy, ability to retroflex, and withdrawal time of less than 6 minutes.
Conclusion The VR simulator may have a limited ability to discriminate between experience levels among resident cohort. Future studies are needed to further understand how well the VR simulator metrics correlate with resident endoscopy experience.
Stentolith in Bile Duct: A Neglected Entity—Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Gupta Amit , Rajput Deepak , Chennat Jaine John , Singla Tanuj , Ahmed Shaik Sameer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStentolith is a forgotten stent that acts as a nidus for stone formation leading to a stone-stent complex. Once the planned procedure is completed, these stents should be removed within 4 to 6 weeks, but if they are required for a longer period, then they should be replaced every 3 to 6 months. Devastating complications may ensue —such as cholangitis, biliary stricture, or secondary biliary cirrhosis. Management primarily comprises surgical intervention with common bile duct exploration or endoscopic clearance. The majority of patients eventually develop symptoms that lead to their diagnosis and subsequent management. This article, however, details the case of a silent stentolith and how it may have led to disastrous complications if surgical intervention was not done promptly.
Cover Images of Inflight Magazines as Airlines’ Methods of Impression Management: Alitalia’s Ulisse Magazine and Finnair’s Blue Wings Magazine
Authors: Martikainen Jari , Adriani Roberto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research examines the cover images of two inflight magazines—Ulisse(Alitalia) andBlue Wings(Finnair)—as a method for airlines to manage their impression. Drawing on concept of impression management, the study focuses on the visual strategies the cover images employ in order to shape the audience’s perception of the airlines. The data consists of 90 cover images published between January 2016 and February 2020. A visual rhetorical analysis was applied to examine the visual construction of the cover images and their functions. The findings show that the cover images ofUlisseandBlue Wingsemployed different strategies of visual rhetoric as part of their impression management. Whereas Alitalia seemed to strive for the image of a luxury airline, Finnair endeavored to create an image of an airline for ordinary people. Theoretically, this study contributes to the current knowledge of rhetorical approach to visual impression management in corporate communications. Methodologically, the study advances the research on corporate impression management by applying an analysis of visual rhetoric.
The C-terminal actin-binding domain of talin forms an asymmetric catch bond with F-actin
Authors: Owen Leanna M. , Bax Nicolas A. , Weis William I. , Dunn Alexander R. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceTalin is a mechanosensitive adaptor protein that links integrins to the actin cytoskeleton at cell–extracellular matrix adhesions. Although the C-terminal actin-binding domain ABS3 of talin is required for function, it binds weakly to actin in solution. We show that ABS3 binds actin strongly only when subjected to mechanical forces comparable to those generated by the cytoskeleton. Moreover, the interaction between ABS3 and actin depends strongly on the direction of force in a manner predicted to organize actin to facilitate adhesion growth and efficient cytoskeletal force generation. These characteristics can explain how force sensing by talin helps to nucleate adhesions precisely when and where they are required to transmit force between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.