bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Readily Accessible Metallic Micro‐Island Arrays for High‐Performance Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Kim Jaehyun , Park Joon Bee , Zheng Ding , Kim Joon‐Seok , Cheng Yuhua , Park Sung Kyu , Huang Wei , Marks Tobin J. , Facchetti Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThin‐film transistors using metal oxide semiconductors are essential in many unconventional electronic devices. Nevertheless, further advances will be necessary to broaden their technological appeal. Here, a new strategy is reported to achieve high‐performance solution‐processed metal oxide thin‐film transistors (MOTFTs) by introducing a metallic micro‐island array (M‐MIA) on top of the MO back channel, where the MO is a‐IGZO (amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide). Here Al‐MIAs are fabricated using honeycomb cinnamate cellulose films, created by a scalable breath‐figure method, as a shadow mask. For IGZO TFTs, the electron mobility (µe) increases from ≈3.6 cm2 V−1 s−1 to near 15.6 cm2 V−1 s−1 for optimal Al‐MIA dimension/coverage of 1.25 µm/51%. The Al‐MIA IGZO TFT performance is superior to that of controls using compact/planar Al layers (Al‐PL TFTs) and Au‐MIAs with the same channel coverage. Kelvin probe force microscopy and technology computer‐aided design simulations reveal that charge transfer occurs between the Al and the IGZO channel which is optimized for specific Al‐MIA dimensions/surface channel coverages. Furthermore, such Al‐MIA IGZO TFTs with a high‐k fluoride‐doped alumina dielectric exhibit a maximum µe of >50.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 . This is the first demonstration of a micro‐structured MO semiconductor heterojunction with submicrometer resolution metallic arrays for enhanced transistor performance and broad applicability to other devices.
A New Family of Indolyl‐type Benzimidazolium Salts Applied in Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling of Aryl Chlorides
Authors: Hsu Tung‐Yu , Hsu Yu‐Ming , Lai Yu‐Ting , Lin Huan‐Pin , Wang Ying‐Yueh , Lu Ta‐Jung , Lee Dong‐Sheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new class of indolyl‐based benzimidazolium salts has first been obtained by a simple process from commercially available indole, 4‐iodoanisole, and benzimidazole. The structure of these salts offers beneficial features which include the high potential of steric and electronic tunability on the indole moiety and that of steric effect on the wingtip of benzimidazole moiety. The combination of indolyl‐based benzimidazolium salts and palladium metal precursors formedin situare high‐efficient catalysts for accessing a wide range of biaryls in good to excellent yields, in particular, di‐ortho‐substituted biaryls, as well as good functional group tolerance, and the catalyst loading down to 0.25 mol % of Pd can be achieved.
Double Confinement Hydrogel Network Enables Continuously Regenerative Solar‐to‐Hydrogen Conversion
Authors: Qin Haili , Li Na , Xu Hou‐Ming , Guo Qiu‐Yan , Cong Huai‐Ping , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoft matter catalyst system allowing controllable manipulation of the organized nanostructure and surface property holds the potential for renewable energy. Here we demonstrate the construction of a continuously regenerative hydrogel photocatalyst that confines the metal‐thiolate coordination induced nanocavity into robust micro‐sized spongy network for water splitting. Thanks to low vaporization enthalpy and fast proton mobility of water molecules confining in nanocavities, the composite delivers outstanding photocatalytic H2 production (TOF of 4568 H2 h−1), nearly 4.5 times higher than that on the catalyst without confinements. Incorporating with conductive polymers, the TOF is substantially improved to 7819 H2 h−1. Impressively, continuous regeneration is for the first time achieved with H2 production retention improved from 24 % to 72 % by regulating optically‐active catalyst surfaces. This optical regeneration method provides new avenues for sustainable solar energy conversion.
Flexible Single‐Chain‐Heteropolymer‐Derived Transmembrane Ion Channels with High K+ Selectivity and Tunable pH‐Gated Characteristics
Authors: Yan Tengfei , Liu Shengda , Li Cong , Xu Jiayun , Yu Shuangjiang , Wang Tingting , Sun Hongcheng , Liu Junqiu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA series of single‐chain random heteropolymer (RHP)‐derived artificial ion channels with both high K+ selectivity and controllable pH‐gated behaviors were fabricated by a facile “one‐pot” polymerization method. The benzo‐18‐crown‐6 moieties appended on lateral chains of RHPs can form ion‐permeable nanopores and transport K+ over Na+ through the lipid bilayers. The ion permeation selectivity was significantly enhanced by incorporating a cholesterol group to serve as a membrane anchor. Interestingly, similar to natural gated protein channels, on–off switchable characteristics were also realized by integrating an additional acid‐sensitive alkylamine group into the RHP‐derived channel. The unique design strategies have endowed the RHP‐derived ion channels with facile synthetic procedures, desirable membrane compatibility, high K+ selectivity, and tunable pH‐gated properties. This work provides an entry point for future design of novel functional nanochannels.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Diels–Alder Cycloaddition between 2‐Pyrones and Acyclic Enol Ethers
Authors: Huang Guanghao , Guillot Régis , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Maryasin Boris , de la Torre Aurélien 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA broadly applicable diastereo‐ and enantioselective inverse‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder reaction of 2‐pyrones and acyclic enol ethers is reported herein. Using a copper(II)‐BOX catalytic system, bridged bicyclic lactones are obtained in very high yields (up to 99 % yield) and enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) from diversely substituted 2‐pyrones and acyclic enol ethers. Mechanistic experiments as well as DFT calculations indicate the occurrence of a stepwise mechanism. The synthetic potential of the bridged bicyclic lactones is showcased by the enantioselective synthesis of polyfunctional cyclohexenes and cyclohexadienes, as well as a carbasugar unit.
Atroposelective Electrophilic Sulfenylation ofN‐Aryl Aminoquinone Derivatives Catalyzed by Chiral SPINOL‐Derived Sulfide
Authors: Zhu Deng , Yu Lu , Luo Hui‐Yun , Xue Xiao‐Song , Chen Zhi‐Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAtroposelective electrophilic sulfenylation ofN‐aryl aminoquinone derivatives has been achieved for the first time. This transformation is enabled by a new chiral 6,6′‐disubstituted SPINOL‐derived sulfide catalyst, which was first synthesized and then successfully explored for catalyzing enantioselective reactions. Various axially chiral sulfur‐containing diarylamine derivatives were readily obtained in moderate to excellent yields with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities. A class of relatively flexible stereogenic C−N axes was easily constructed. The experimental results and a computational study suggested that an intramolecular N−H⋅⋅⋅S hydrogen bond is important for the stability of the C−N axis, which is consistent with our hypothesis. Density functional theory calculations revealed the origin of atroposelectivity and underscored the importance of catalyst rigidity in this sulfenylation reaction.
Gold Nanomaterials and their Composites as Electrochemical Sensing Platforms for Nitrite Detection
Authors: Saha Protity , Akter Riva , Shaheen Shah Syed , Mahfoz Wael , Aziz Md. Abdul , Saleh Ahammad A. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNitrite is one of the abundant toxic components existing in the environment and is likely to have a great potential to affect human health badly. For that reason, it has become crucial to build a reliable nitrite detection method. In recent years, several nitrite monitoring systems have been proposed. Compared with traditional analytical strategies, the electrochemical approach has a bunch of advantages, including low cost, rapid response, easy operation, simplicity, etc. In this case, noble metal nanomaterials, especially Au‐based nanomaterials, have attracted attention in electrode modification because of higher catalytic activity, facile mass transfer, and broad active area for determining nitrite. This review is based on the state‐of‐the‐art, which includes a variety of nanomaterials that have been coupled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the creation of nanocomposites, and the construction as well as development of electrochemical sensors for nitrite detection over the last few years (2016‐2022). A background study on synthesizing different morphological AuNPs and nanocomposites has also been introduced. The fabrication methods and sensing capabilities of modified electrodes are given special consideration.
DeepHistory: A convolutional neural network for automatic animation of museum paintings
Authors: Ysique‐Neciosup Jose , Mercado‐Chavez Nilton , Ugarte Willy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeep learning models have shown that it is possible to train neural networks to dispense, to a lesser or greater extent, with the need for human intervention for the task of image animation, which helps to reduce not only the production time of these audiovisual pieces, but also presents benefits with respect to the economic investment they require to be made. However, these models suffer from two common problems: the animations they generate are of very low resolution and they require large amounts of training data to generate good results. To deal with these issues, this article introduces the architectural modification of a state‐of‐the‐art image animation model integrated with a video super‐resolution model to make the generated videos more visually pleasing to viewers. Although it is possible to train the animation models with higher resolution images, the time it would take to train them would be much longer, which does not necessarily benefit the quality of the animation, so it is more efficient to complement it with another model focused on improving the animation resolution of the generated video as we demonstrate in our results. We present the design and implementation of a convolutional neural network based on an state‐of‐art model focused on the image animation task, which is trained with a set of facial data from videos extracted from the YouTube platform. To determine which of all the modifications to the selected state‐of‐the‐art model architecture is better, the results are compared with different metrics that evaluate the performance in image animation and video quality enhancement tasks. The results show that modifying the architecture of the model focused on the detection of characteristic points significantly helps to generate more anatomically and visually attractive videos. In addition, perceptual testing with users shows that using a super‐resolution video model as a plugin helps generate more visually appealing videos.
Tellurophene‐Tagging of Teniposide Facilitates Monitoring by Mass Cytometry
Authors: Rana Rahul , Vellanki Ravi N. , Wouters Bradly G. , Nitz Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTarget engagement and the biodistribution of exogenously administered small molecules is rarely homogenous. Methods to determine the biodistribution at the cellular level are limited by the ability to detect the small molecule and simultaneously identify the cell types or tissue structures with which it is associated. The highly multiplexed nature of mass cytometry could facilitate these studies provided a heavy isotope label was available in the molecule of interest. Here we show it is possible to append a tellurophene to a known chemotherapeutic, teniposide, to follow this molecule in vivo. A semi‐synthetic approach offers an efficient route to the teniposide analogue which is found to have similar characteristics when compared with the parent teniposide in vitro. Using mass cytometry we find the teniposide analogue has significant nonspecific binding to cells. In vivo the tellurium bearing teniposide produces the expected DNA damage in a PANC‐1 xenograft model. The distribution of Te in the tissue is near the limits of detection and further work will be required to characterize the localization of this analogue with respect to cell type distributions.
Core‐Shell DNA‐Cholesterol Nanoparticles Exert Lysosomolytic Activity in African Trypanosomes**
Authors: Knieß Robert , Leeder Wolf‐Matthias , Reißig Paul , Geyer Felix Klaus , Göringer H. Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrypanosoma brucei is the causal infectious agent of African trypanosomiasis in humans and Nagana in livestock. Both diseases are currently treated with a small number of chemotherapeutics, which are hampered by a variety of limitations reaching from efficacy and toxicity complications to drug‐resistance problems. Here, we explore the forward design of a new class of synthetic trypanocides based on nanostructured, core‐shell DNA‐lipid particles. In aqueous solution, the particles self‐assemble into micelle‐type structures consisting of a solvent‐exposed, hydrophilic DNA shell and a hydrophobic lipid core. DNA‐lipid nanoparticles have membrane‐adhesive qualities and can permeabilize lipid membranes. We report the synthesis of DNA‐cholesterol nanoparticles, which specifically subvert the membrane integrity of the T. brucei lysosome, killing the parasite with nanomolar potencies. Furthermore, we provide an example of the programmability of the nanoparticles. By functionalizing the DNA shell with a spliced leader (SL)‐RNA‐specific DNAzyme, we target a second trypanosome‐specific pathway (dual‐target approach). The DNAzyme provides a backup to counteract the recovery of compromised parasites, which reduces the risk of developing drug resistance.
LncRNA FGD5‐AS1 potentiates autophagy‐associated doxorubicin resistance by regulating the miR‐154‐5p/WNT5A axis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Fei Dan , Yuan Hongping , Zhao Mingming , Zhao Dongxu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOsteosarcoma is prevalent in children and adolescent. The oncogenic function of long‐chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5‐AS1) has been reported. However, the function of FGD5‐AS1 in doxorubicin‐resistance in osteosarcoma remains to be illucidated. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and western blot analysis (WB) were used to measure the expression of FGD5‐AS1, miR‐154‐5p, WNT5A and autophagy proteins. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability and transwell assay was performed to evaluate migration. A nude mouse xenograft model was developed to verify the function of FGD5‐AS1 in vivo. FGD5‐AS1 was upregulated in doxorubicin‐resistant (DXR) osteosarcoma cells. Knockdown of FGD5‐AS1 suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and autophagy. FGD5‐AS1 upregulated WNT5A expression via sponging miR‐154‐5p. Furthermore, FGD5‐AS1 enhanced osteosarcoma cell chemotherapy resistance through upregulation of WNT5A by inhibiting miR‐154‐5p. Suppression of FGD5‐AS1 significantly suppressed tumor growth in nude mice. FGD5‐AS1 may promote chemoresistance through WNT5A‐induced autophagy by sponging miR‐154‐5p in osteosarcoma cells.
Impact of high‐pressure balloon aortic valvuloplasty on the hydrodynamic result after a transcatheter valve‐in‐valve procedure
Authors: Sadat Najla , Bruhn Denise , Scharfschwerdt Michael , Schaller Tim , Aboud Anas , Saisho Hiroyuki , Eitel Ingo , Ensminger Stephan , Fujita Buntaro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the degree of functional improvement of a transcatheter heart valve (THV) for valve‐in‐valve after bioprosthetic valve fracture (BVF) of three small surgical aortic valve bioprostheses (SAVBP) using high‐pressure balloon aortic valvuloplasty (HP‐BAV) under standardized ex‐vivo‐conditions.MethodsA THV 26 mm (Evolut R) and SAVBP 21 mm (Perimount Magna Ease, Trifecta, and Epic supra [n = 4] were used. Mean pressure gradient (MPG), effective orifice area (EOA), geometric orifice area (GOA), minimal internal diameter (MID), and pinwheeling index (PWI) were analyzed before and after HP‐BAV of the SAVBP using a noncompliant balloon. Fracturing of the SAVBP was done before implantation of the THV and the balloon pressures at the point of fracture were recorded.ResultsThe Magna Ease and Epic fractured at balloon pressures of 18 and 8 atm, respectively. The Trifecta did not fracture up to a balloon pressure of 30 atm but was dilated. HP‐BAV led to increased THV expansion as evident by straightened coaptation lines of the Evolut R 26 mm with reduced PWI, increased MID, and increased GOA in all 21 mm SAVBP. Evolut R showed significantly lower MPG and higher EOA as ViV in all prostheses after HP‐BAV (p < 0.001). MPG and EOA of Evolut R differed regarding the SAVBP. Evolut R presented the lowest MPG and highest EOA in Magna Ease and the highest MPG and lowest EOA in Epic supra.ConclusionsThe degree of function improvement of the same THV as ViV after HP‐BAV depends on the surgical valve model. Functional improvement can also be achieved without valve fracture.
Two‐year clinical outcomes after successful transcatheter aortic valve implantation with balloon‐expandable versus self‐expanding valves: A subanalysis of the GALILEO trial
Authors: Okuno Taishi , Dangas George D. , Hengstenberg Christian , Sartori Samantha , Herrmann Howard C. , de Winter Robert , Gilard Martine , Tchétché Didier , Möllmann Helge , Makkar Raj R. , Baldus Stephan , De Backer Ole , Bendz Bjørn , Kini Annapoorna , von Lewinski Dirk , Mack Michael , Moreno Raúl , Schäfer Ulrich , Wöhrle Jochen , Seeger Julia , Snyder Clayton , Nicolas Johny , Tijssen Jan G. P. , Welsh Robert C. , Vranckx Pascal , Valgimigli Marco , Mehran Roxana , Kapadia Samir , Sondergaard Lars , Windecker Stephan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMidterm data comparing clinical outcomes after successful implantation of self‐expanding and balloon‐expandable transcatheter heart valves (THV) are limited. We aimed to compare 2‐year outcomes after successful transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the Edwards balloon‐expandable or the Medtronic self‐expanding THV.MethodsTwo‐year outcomes were analyzed according to the implanted THV in the GALILEO trial. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was a composite of all‐cause death or thromboembolic events including stroke, myocardial infarction, symptomatic valve thrombosis, systemic embolism, deep‐vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism.ResultsAmong 1644 patients recruited in 136 centers across 16 countries between 2015 and 2018, 499 received a self‐expanding and 757 patients received a balloon‐expandable THV. Patients treated with a self‐expanding THV were more likely to be female, and had higher surgical risk, lower hemoglobin levels, and more frequent valve‐in‐valve procedures than those with a balloon‐expandable THV. After multivariable adjustment, there were no significant differences in major clinical outcomes between self‐expanding versus balloon‐expandable THV: MACCE (17.0% vs. 13.4%, adjusted‐hazard ratios [HR] 1.18, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.82−1.69); all‐cause death (11.4% vs. 9.3%, adjusted‐HR 1.26; 95% CI: 0.78−2.05); cardiovascular death (8.5% vs. 4.0%, adjusted‐HR 1.53; 95% CI: 0.82−2.86), any stroke (5.1% vs. 3.7%, adjusted‐HR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.43−1.73); major or life‐threatening bleeding (5.9% vs. 6.8%, adjusted‐HR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.53−1.63). Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. NCT02556203.ConclusionsTwo‐year follow‐up data from the GALILEO trial indicate that successful TAVI either with self‐expanding or balloon‐expandable THVs according to physician discretion did not show difference in rates of MACCE.
One‐Step Synthesis of Sulfate‐Modified Titania Nanoparticles with Surface Acidic and Sustained Photocatalytic Properties via Solid‐State Thermolysis of Titanyl Sulfate
Authors: Svensson Fredric G. , Österlund Lars 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTitania nanoparticles surface‐functionalized with sulfate were prepared by thermal degradation of titanyl sulfate. At 600 °C pure anatase phase is obtained. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed 1.4 at.% sulfur in the +6 oxidation state. At 700 °C anatase was still present, which is attributed to the presence of small amounts of stabilizing sulfate groups only detectable by high‐resolution XPS, segregating to the nanoparticle interfaces. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde reactions were studied by in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform spectroscopy and 2D correlation spectroscopy, and compared with pure anatase nanoparticles. Aldol condensation of acetaldehyde and subsequent accumulation of crotonaldehyde was lower on sulfate‐modified titania. Butanoate was identified as an intermediate, which forms after dimerization and aldol condensation. Much more carboxylates and carbonates accumulated on pure anatase catalysts compared with sulfate‐modified anatase during photocatalysis. It is conjectured that surface acidic photocatalysts could be beneficial for achieving sustained activity for photodegradation of organic pollutants.
Chemical engineering and industrial ecology: Remanufacturing and recycling as process systems
Authors: Salatino Piero , Chirone Roberto , Clift Roland 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClimate change and resource scarcity are just two of the planetary crises that make radical socio‐economic change essential if human society is to be sustainable. Chemical engineering is a skill‐set that can make a unique contribution to the socio‐economic transition, going beyond new technological processes to provide a system‐level understanding of economic activities from the perspective of industrial ecology. This paper provides an example by applying process system analysis to the use, re‐use, remanufacturing, and recycling of material products. Unlike the ‘circular economy’ approach, the analysis starts from the stock of goods and materials in use in the economy and models the flows required to build up, operate, and maintain the stock. Metrics are developed to account for the effect of stock growth on demand for materials. The significance of the analysis is illustrated for four metals whose industrial ecologies are at different levels of maturity: lead, copper, aluminium, and lithium. Extending product life through re‐use and remanufacturing is crucial for resource efficiency, using labour to reduce demand for energy and non‐renewable resources. If end‐of‐life products are processed to recover individual elements, the cost penalties increase rapidly with the decreasing concentration of valuable materials and increasing number of materials in the mixture. Thus, shifting from a linear economy (make−use−dispose) to closed‐loop use of materials involves rethinking product design to reduce the number of materials used. Material substitution to reduce demand for scarce materials needs to look beyond equivalence of function to consider changing patterns of use in the regenerative economy.
Precise Control of Self‐assembly in vivo Based on Polymer‐Peptide Conjugates†
Authors: Xu Yin‐Sheng , Wang Hao , Qiao Zeng‐Ying 
Published: August 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe self‐assembled nanomaterials based on peptides, which have not only good biocompatibility and low toxicity but also high stability and performance, are increasingly becoming an important way for cancer treatment. In this review, we highlight the progress of in vivo self‐assembled polymer‐peptide conjugates (PPCs) and their application, showing the recent advances in the development of “in vivo self‐assembly” strategy for cancer treatment. Given the diverse microenvironments of tumor cells, different responsive assembly strategies (enzyme, pH, redox, temperature, etc.) have been developed to precisely control the assembly at different biological levels, realizing enhanced drug delivery and improved anticancer efficacy.