bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of dragon fruit peel pectin extracted with natural deep eutectic solvent and sequential microwave‐ultrasound‐assisted approach
Authors: Tien Nguyen Ngoc Thanh , Le Ngoc Lieu , Khoi Tran Tien , Richel Aurore 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIn this research, the physicochemical characteristics (proximate and chemical compositions, monosaccharides profiles, chemical structures, antioxidant activities and rheological properties) of dragon fruit peel pectin extracted with the solvent system of choline chloride‐glucose‐water (5:2:5) and sequential microwave‐ultrasound‐assisted approach (PC‐MUAE), were evaluated, and then compared with those of the commercial pectin and other products from various extraction methods. No remarkable differences in the FTIR spectra of the commercial and extracted samples were observed, leading to the fact that the derived polysaccharides were pectin. The commercial pectin possessed a bright‐yellow colour, while extracted pectin was yellow to brownish. Moreover, the facade of the latter under SEM was rough with miniature heterogeneous fragments. PC‐MUAE was categorised as high methoxyl pectin with the degree of esterification of 59.76% and as a pseudoplastic substance with neutral pH (6.42), average level of solubility (73.90%), high equivalent weight (680.6 g mol−1), high molecular weight (5.05 × 105 Da), high antioxidant activities (total phenolic content of 8.14 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g pectin and 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging capacity of 2.41 µmol Trolox equivalent/g pectin) and high viscosity at all tested domains of shear rate as compared with those of the commercial product and others from various methods. The anhydrouronic acid content of PC‐MUAE was 64.28%, approximately to the minimum level (65%) proposed by FAO and EU. There were arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose and xylose detected in extracted pectin. Consequently, PC‐MUAE has the potential characteristics of high methoxyl pectin for the food industries.
Registered nurses’ approach to pressure injury prevention: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Li Zhaoyu , Marshall Andrea P. , Lin Frances , Ding Yanming , Chaboyer Wendy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore Registered Nurses' approaches to pressure injury prevention, including how they perceive their roles, how they prioritize pressure injury prevention and factors influencing prevention in the Chinese context.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsAudio‐recorded, face‐to‐face, semi‐structured individual interviews were conducted with Registered Nurses in a large tertiary hospital in China from August to December 2020. Using the System Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety Model, the interview guide was developed to describe the work system, processes and outcomes (three domains) associated with nurses' pressure injury prevention practices. Deductive and inductive content analyses were used.FindingsTwenty‐seven nurses participated in the interviews. Four themes related to two domains of the model emerged: Work system: (i) Nurses lead and coordinate pressure injury prevention; Work processes: (ii) Individualized pressure injury prevention is founded on comprehensive patient assessment; (iii) Collaborating ensures patients receive appropriate pressure injury prevention; and (iv) Competing factors influence the delivery of appropriate pressure injury prevention. One category emerged about work outcome: Nurses strive to do their best in pressure injury prevention but hold major concerns when pressure injuries occur.ConclusionsNurses play a leading role in pressure injury prevention delivery but require appropriate resources and assistance and support from other healthcare personnel, patients and carers. Understaffing, lack of resources, complex reporting and poor patient compliance challenge nurses in their delivery of pressure injury prevention.ImpactPressure injury prevention is primarily a nursing responsibility therefore nurses' approaches to prevention were explored. Nurses rely on collaboration with others and access to various resources to provide pressure injury prevention. They recognize the patients' and carers' roles and acknowledge the importance of accessing guidance and support from nursing leaders and wound experts. Acknowledging nurses leading role in prevention and ensuring they have adequate resources are important for quality care.
A review on the influence of water on food powder flowability
Authors: Juarez‐Enriquez Edmundo , Olivas Guadalupe Isela , Zamudio‐Flores Paul Baruk , Perez‐Vega Samuel , Salmeron Ivan , Ortega‐Rivas Enrique , Sepulveda David Roberto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPowder flow behavior is a complex phenomenon in which the physical and chemical properties of powder particles are involved. One of the main features that alter pharmaceutical and food powders flowability is water content. Water content modifies the arrangement and interaction of the powder’s internal particles. A water content increment in powders is generally associated with a flowability decrease. In this paper, the interaction mechanisms between water and powder particles are reviewed. Also, the most used flowing indexes in powders are analyzed, and their relationship with the water content index. Moisture content and water activity effect on powders flowability, described by Carr index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, and flow factor are examined. Finally, the structural changes within the powder matrix due to water adsorption, agglomeration of particles, and powder caking are discussed. The water content of powders is hard to handle because it is in a dynamic equilibrium under ambient conditions. In this sense, the water content in powders becomes a critical control point to ensure an enhanced flowing capacity. Small changes in water content may lead the powder to flow or not to flow, with its inherent consequences during their storage or transport. Regarding flow factor and moisture content, an individual behavior for each powder is shown. These results could not be extrapolated. On the contrary, water activity data appear interesting due to the linear relationship with flow factor in almost all the reported powders.
Spatial targeting of nature‐based solutions for flood risk management within river catchments
Authors: Reaney Sim M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA wide range of nature‐based solutions for flood hazard management work by storing and slowing flow within catchments, and therefore, there is a need to identify the optimal locations for implementing these solutions. This paper presents a relative scoring‐based mapping of the likely locations that contribute to the flood peak. Targeting flow reduction and attenuating mitigation actions in these locations can be an effective way to reduce flood damages at impact points downstream. The presented tool, SCIMAP‐Flood, uses information on land cover, hydrological connectivity, flood generating rainfall patterns and hydrological travel time distributions to impacted communities to find the potential source areas of flood waters. The importance of each location in the catchment is weighted based on its contribution to the flood hazard at each of the downstream impact points. In the example application, SCIMAP‐Flood is applied at a 5‐m grid resolution for the River Eden catchment, Cumbria, England, to provide sub‐field scale information at the landscape extent. Therefore, the tool can identify sub‐catchments where more detailed work can test different mitigation measures.
Clinical presentation and etiology of Cushing's syndrome: Data from ERCUSYN
Authors: Valassi Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis review presents the data on clinical presentation at diagnosis in 1564 patients included in the European Registry on Cushing's syndrome (ERCUSYN), of whom 1045 (67%) had pituitary‐dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) (PIT‐CS), 385 (25%) had adrenal dependent CS (ADR‐CS) and 89 (5%) had ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome (ECT‐CS). The most frequent symptoms in the overall series were weight gain (83%), hypertension (79%), skin alterations (76%) and myopathy (70%). Diabetes mellitus was present in 32% and depression in 35% of patients. Skin alterations, menstrual irregularities and reduced libido were more prevalent in PIT‐CS patients compared to ADR‐CS patients, whereas patients with ECT‐CS more frequently had diabetes mellitus, myopathy, hirsutism and vertebral fractures compared to the other etiologies, consistent with a more severe clinical scenario. Reduced libido and bone fractures were more prevalent in men compared to women. Quality of life was poor at diagnosis, irrespective of the etiology of CS, and also associated with the presence of depression at baseline. A delay of 2 years between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was also observed, with a high number of specialists consulted, who often missed the correct diagnosis. To develop strategies aimed at shortening the time elapsed to diagnosis, it is important to rapidly start treatment and reduce the burden of the disease on patient psychophysical health and longevity.
Pediatric tinnitus: The role of neuroimaging
Authors: Salman Rida , Chong Insun , Amans Matthew , Hui Ferdinand , Desai Nilesh , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. , Tran Brandon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTinnitus is defined as the perception of sound without an external source and can be categorized as either pulsatile or nonpulsatile (ie, continuous). A variety of etiologies have been reported to cause pediatric tinnitus, many with long‐lasting implications due to hearing and concentration impairments. Therefore, imaging can be an essential part of the accurate and timely diagnosis of treatable etiologies. We describe neuroimaging findings in different etiologies of pediatric tinnitus.Etiologies of pulsatile tinnitus are frequently vascular in nature and include vascular loops, congenital vascular anomalies or variants, high riding jugular bulbs with or without a jugular bulb diverticulum, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, aneurysms, internal auditory canal hemangiomas, and petrous apex cephaloceles. Etiologies of continuous tinnitus frequently affect the middle/inner ear structures and include vestibular schwannomas, cholesteatomas, trauma, Chiari malformations, and labyrinthitis ossificans. CT and MR are often complementary modalities: CT is better suited to evaluate the integrity of the temporal osseous structures and MR is better suited to evaluate the vestibulocochlear nerve and to assess for the presence of any masses or malformations.Prompt diagnosis of the etiology of tinnitus in pediatric patients is important to avoid any potential long‐term developmental impairments. In the approach to pediatric tinnitus, categorizing the symptoms as either pulsatile versus nonpulsatile and then being aware of the possible causes and imaging findings of either can assist both the clinician and the radiologist in making an expeditious diagnosis.
Accuracy of Fixed Implant‐Supported Dental Prostheses Additively Manufactured by Metal, Ceramic, or Polymer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rutkūnas Vygandas , Gedrimienė Agnė , Auškalnis Liudas , Admakin Oleg , Mangano Francesco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeAdditive manufacturing (AM) in prosthodontics is used as an alternative to casting or milling. Various techniques and materials are available for the additive manufacturing of the fixed and removable tooth‐supported restorations, but there is a lack of evidence on the accuracy of AM fixed implant‐supported prostheses. Recent studies investigated the accuracy of ceramic AM prostheses. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the accuracy of additively manufactured metal, ceramic or polymers, and screw‐ or cement‐retained fixed implant‐supported prostheses.Materials and MethodsTwo calibrated investigators performed an electronic search of relevant publications in the English language following selected PICOS criteria and using a well‐defined search strategy (latest search date—1st of June, 2021). Based on the exclusion criteria (no control group, less than five samples per group, 3D printing of the implant abutment part, only subjective evaluation of accuracy, etc.) studies were not included in the review. Quantitative data of accuracy evaluation such as marginal gap, strain analysis, and linear measurements was extracted and interpreted. QUADAS‐2 tool was used to assess the risk of methodological bias of all included studies.ResultsSixteen in vitro studies were selected for the final analysis. Six of the selected studies evaluated screw‐retained restorations and 10 cement‐retained implant‐supported restorations. Only 4 publications concluded that AM restorations were more accurate than conventionally made (cast or milled) ones. The most common finding was that AM restorations were more accurate than cast and demonstrated less or similar accuracy compared to milled ones (n = 10 studies). Detected marginal discrepancies mean values of the AM prosthesis varied from 23 to more than 200 µm, but most of them were categorized as clinically acceptable.ConclusionsAM implant‐supported fixed prostheses demonstrate similar accuracy compared to conventional and computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing techniques in vitro. Detected inaccuracies of AM restorations do not exceed clinically acceptable limits. Clinical studies with longer follow‐up periods are needed to show the reliability of AM prostheses.
Reflecting and forging master narratives: A discursive analysis of a Belgian WWII museum's curatorial selection process
Authors: Schoofs Kim , Van De Mieroop Dorien 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSociolinguistics can help us grasp how collective memory cultures are (in part) shaped by representations of historic events through varied linguistic – and other – sources (e.g. education, news media, conversations and museum displays). In this study, we specifically zoom in on the curatorial selection process of a Belgian Second World War (WWII) memorial museum, whilst simultaneously exploring the reflexive relation between this curatorial process and the wider WWII remembrance context. To this end, we compare exhibited video testimony fragments to the full testimonies available in the museum's research centre, to examine which narratives were selected or silenced. Additionally, we confront fine‐grained analyses of the testimonies with master narratives on WWII remembrance. As our analyses illustrate, the exhibited fragments align with these – typically coherent – master narratives, while the full testimonies are complex. Overall, we show that museums not only reflect master narratives, but are also sites for forging them.
Stable persistence of relict populations involved evolutionary shifts of reproductive characters in the genus Tanakaea (Saxifragaceae)
Authors: Takahashi Daiki , Isagi Yuji , Li Pan , Qiu Ying‐Xiong , Setoguchi Hiroaki , Suyama Yoshihisa , Matsuo Ayumi , Tsunamoto Yoshihiro , Sakaguchi Shota 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTertiary relicts often show evolutionary stasis in morphology and ecology and have been hypothesized to retain stable population sizes in refugia. However, recent studies have reported that some relicts evolutionarily shifted their physiology, ecology, and morphology and experienced various patterns of demography. To understand the historical survival of relict plants, a multidimensional study investigating the evolution of ecological and morphological traits as well as population demographic history is needed. The genus Tanakaea (Saxifragaceae) comprises two species in China and Japan. These species share most vegetative characteristics and are sometimes treated as a single species. The distribution pattern is relictual, as the populations are confined to small areas in mesic warm temperate forests less influenced by Quaternary glacial climates. Focusing on the relictual plant group, this study tested the hypotheses of evolutionary stasis and population stability in long‐term refugia. Genetic analyses using plastome sequences and genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms revealed divergence of the two species approximately 6.8 million years ago and strong genetic differentiation of the regional populations. Demographic analysis revealed that almost all populations retained stable population sizes during glacial–interglacial climate changes, supporting the traditional view. However, morphological assessments revealed a simultaneous shift in breeding systems (from hermaphrodite to dioecy/non‐clonal to clonal reproduction) in Japanese species and intraspecific differentiation of leaf traits. Therefore, the relict species do not show evolutionary stasis in every aspect. Changes in reproductive characteristics may have contributed to their long‐term in situ survival.
Feasibility of electroanatomic mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation in Boxer dogs with symptomatic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Crooks Alexandra V. , Hsue Weihow , Tschabrunn Cory M. , Gelzer Anna R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTreatment for Boxers with ventricular tachycardia (VT) is limited. Electroanatomic mapping (EAM) facilitates identification of arrhythmogenic substrate for radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).ObjectiveDescribe the use of EAM to guide RFCA in Boxers with VT.AnimalsFive client‐owned Boxers with symptomatic VT or persistent VT despite antiarrhythmic medications.MethodsCase series evaluating clinical, EAM, and before and after RFCA Holter data.ResultsSustained VT was inducible in 3 dogs, but required aggressive stimulation protocols. Low‐voltage areas consistent with electroanatomic scar were found in 2 dogs, located at the right ventricular (RV) outflow tract and cranial RV. Two dogs had a focal activation pattern of VT and 1 dog had a reentrant mechanism. After RFCA, all dogs no longer collapsed and had fewer runs of VT, 3 of which had 0 runs of VT. Number of ventricular premature beats increased in 3 dogs and decreased in 2 dogs, 1 of which had nearly complete resolution of all arrhythmias. Procedural complications included ventricular fibrillation (n = 2) with successful defibrillation, bruising or hemorrhage at the vascular access site (n = 4), retroperitoneal hemorrhage (n = 1), aortic and mitral regurgitation (n = 1), onset of frequent supraventricular tachycardia (n = 1), and persistent right pelvic limb lameness (n = 1).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceElectroanatomic mapping and RFCA are feasible in Boxers with VT. Based on this small cohort, RFCA may help decrease runs of VT and improve clinical signs. The anatomic substrate and electrophysiologic mechanisms are variable and require further study.
Linking citizen science with contamination levels of small water bodies for generation of essential information for conservation and investment
Authors: Aura Christopher Mulanda , Nyamweya Chrisphine S. , Owiti Horace , Lewo Mwarabu Ruth , Ongore Collins Onyango , Musa Safina , Njiru James M. , Abila Richard Oginga 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSocio‐ecological characteristics of small water bodies (SWBs) are useful in determining the required level of rehabilitation and rebranding for possible blue economic investments. The current study assessed the socio‐ecological aspects of 74 SWBs in central and western counties in Kenya to determine their contamination status. The SWBs were selected to account for sub‐county representation, coverage and permanence of the water source. Respondents assessed in the selected SWBs catchments were identified from riparian communities and policymakers. Physicochemical parameters were assessed using standard methods. Regionally, the SWBs showed significant variations (p < .05) in the main occupation, ownership, restricted access and perceived alternating extreme precipitation ranges. Significant differences in the selected citizen science attributes and SWBs’ dimensions of both depth and size, were linked to higher total and faecal coliforms in western as compared to central Kenya and higher water transparency in the latter. Thus, localized human activities that had significant variations between the two regions are highly likely to have affected the differences in the contamination levels. The socio‐ecological indexing herein can be of general use for determining the contamination status of SWBs as an integrative management tool for possible investment.
A Middle East Cooperation and Security Process: Has the Time Come?
Authors: Jones Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor many years, there has been discussion of the idea of creating an inclusive regional cooperation and security system in the Middle East. This discussion is gathering increased interest today as several events and trends have focused attention on the rapid changes in the region and how they may be dealt with. These include profound socioeconomic and political pressures in the region; the violent breakdown of governing authority in places like Syria and Yemen; the Iran nuclear issue; perceptions that the regional roles of major external powers, most notably the United States and China, may be changing; and the evolving relationship between Israel and certain Arab countries. This article outlines the ideas and concepts that arose from a multi‐year series of studies on this issue by regional experts as to how such a system might be established and what its key provisions and structures might be. The article describes and proposes a model of an inclusive, multi‐tiered regional process that will encourage regional dialogue on key social, economic, security, and political issues.
Creating one nation? Ethno‐national imaginaries, audiences and the critical reception of TV nation branding messages
Authors: Matthews Julian , Baba Zain Haida 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough we are aware that nation branding features across the media, discussion and debate continue over its perceived influence in peoples' everyday understandings and lives. This paper, by way of a response, examines peoples' reactions to specific government campaign messages of patriotism and unity designed to combat internal ethnic conflict in Malaysia. Malaysia, at this time, provides a unique subject of analysis as it includes an instance where a domestically focused nation branding campaign is being employed to instigate unity among ethnic groups residing within a country with a history of ethnic conflict and social engineering policies. The project introduces several TV campaign story examples, identified for their prevalence in the 1Malaysia nation branding campaign, to representatives from three prominent ethnic groups in Malaysia to map their responses. The paper finds that group representatives interpret the stories using their shared insider views of the nation or ‘ethno‐national imaginaries’. Their acceptance of, and critical challenges to, the images and narratives of the TV campaign stories are seen therefore to reflect group representatives' wider positions, interests and participation in an ongoing political conflict shaped within the logics of the Malaysian nation.