bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instrumente individualisierter Personalentwicklung: Mitarbeitergespräche, Zielvereinbarungen und Anreizsysteme
Authors: Thiel Felicitas , Schewe Claudia Manuela 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungMitarbeitergespräche, Zielvereinbarungen und Anreize sind Instrumente einer individualisierten Personalentwicklung. Grundlage von Mitarbeitergesprächen sind häufig Unterrichtsbesuche der Schulleitung. Die entsprechenden rechtlichen Regelungen der deutschen Länder werden vergleichend dargestellt.Mitarbeitergespräche zwischen Schulleiterinnen und Schulleitern sind prinzipiell in den meisten Ländern vorgesehen, allerdings nur in einem Teil der Länder verpflichtend. Zielvereinbarungen sind ebenfalls möglich, aber nur in wenigen Ländern verpflichtend vorgesehen. Leistungsanreize sind in Schulen derzeit nur in zwei Ländern eingeführt. Nicht-zweckbezogene Anrechnungsstunden, über die die Schulleiterin bzw. der Schulleiter entscheiden kann, sind in allen Ländern vorgesehen. Während Mitarbeitergespräche und Zielvereinbarungen häufig verknüpft werden, ist die Gewährung von Leistungsprämien oder Anrechnungsstunden für schulbezogene Aufgaben nicht systematisch mit Zielvereinbarungen verbunden.
Qualifizierung von Schulleiterinnen und Schulleitern für Aufgaben der Personalentwicklung
Authors: Muslic Barbara , Lankes Eva-Maria , Schewe Claudia Manuela , Thiel Felicitas 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungQualifizierungsangebote für schulische Personalentwicklung als Führungsaufgabe werden auf der Grundlage der Beschreibung von Aufgaben der Schulleiterinnen und Schulleitern dargestellt. Die Passung von Aufgaben und Qualifizierung wird untersucht.Die Befunde zeigen, dass deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Ländern hinsichtlich des Umfangs, des Verpflichtungsgrads und der inhaltlichen Schwerpunkte der Qualifizierungsangebote bestehen. Außerdem zeigt die Analyse, dass die Qualifizierungsangebote nicht alle personalentwicklungsbezogenen Aufgaben abdecken. Insbesondere hinsichtlich einer Qualifizierung für eine valide Unterrichtsbeurteilung und ein wirksames Unterrichtsfeedback bestehen deutliche Lücken.
Quantum chaos in a weakly-coupled field theory with nonlocality
Authors: Fischler Willy , Guglielmo Tyler , Nguyen Phuc 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In order to study the chaotic behavior of a system with non-local interactions, we will consider weakly coupled non-commutative field theories. We compute the Lyapunov exponent of this exponential growth in the large Moyal-scale limit to leading order in the t’Hooft coupling and 1/N. We found that in this limit, the Lyapunov exponent remains comparable in magnitude to (and somewhat smaller than) the exponent in the commutative case. This can possibly be explained by the infrared sensitivity of the Lyapunov exponent. Another possible explanation is that in examples of weakly coupled non-commutative field theories, non-local contributions to various thermodynamic quantities are sub-dominant.
Compact kink and its interaction with compact oscillons
Authors: Hahne F. M. , Klimas P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study compact kinks and its interaction with compact oscillons in models with non-analytic potentials. Oscillon-like excitations are the main ingredients of the radiation field. We look at the problem of scattering which involves topological compact kinks and non-topological oscillons. We also look at the problem of propagation of small perturbation at the kink bulk.
Superconformal Algebras and Holomorphic Field Theories
Authors: Saberi Ingmar , Williams Brian R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe show that four-dimensional superconformal algebras admit an infinite-dimensional derived enhancement after performing a holomorphic twist. The type of higher symmetry algebras we find is closely related to algebras studied by Faonte–Hennion–Kapranov, Hennion–Kapranov, and the second author with Gwilliam in the context of holomorphic QFT. We show that these algebras are related to the two-dimensional chiral algebras extracted from four-dimensional superconformal theories by Beem and collaborators; further deforming by a superconformal element induces the Koszul resolution of a plane in $$\mathbb {C}^2 \cong {\mathbb {R}}^4$$

C

2

≅

R

4

. The central charges at the level of chiral algebras arise from central extensions of the higher symmetry algebras.
Body stakes: an existential ethics of care in living with biometrics and AI
Authors: Lagerkvist Amanda , Tudor Matilda , Smolicki Jacek , Ess Charles M. , Eriksson Lundström Jenny , Rogg Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the key existential stakes of implementing biometrics in human lifeworlds. In this pursuit, we offer a problematization and reinvention of central values often taken for granted within the “ethical turn” of AI development and discourse, such as autonomy, agency, privacy and integrity, as we revisit basic questions about what it means to be human and embodied. Within a framework of existential media studies, we introduce an existential ethics of care—through a conversation between existentialism, virtue ethics, a feminist ethics of care and post-humanist ethics—aiming to deepen and nuance our understanding of the human behind “human-centered” AI directives. The key argument is that biometrics implicates humans through unprecedented forms of objectification, through which the existential body—the relational, intimate and frail human being—is at risk. We interrogate these risks as they become visible at three sites where embodied humans are challenged by biometrics, and thus where the existential body is challenged by the biometric body. This occurs through reductionism (biometric passports nailing bodies to identities, removing human judgment and compromising agency at the AI border), enforced transparency (smart home assistants surveying human intimacies and invading intimate spaces in the bedroom) and the breaching of bodily integrity (chipping bodies to capture sensory data, challenging the very concept of bodily integrity through self-invasive biohacking). Our existential ethics of care is importantly not a solutionist list of principles or suggestions, but a manifesto for a way of thinking about the ethical challenges of living with biometrics in today’s world, by raising the right questions. We argue that a revitalized discussion of the basic existential stakes within human lived experience is needed and should serve as the foundation on which comprehensive frameworks can be built to address the complexities and prospects for ethical machines, responsible biometrics and AI.
Generalization of Shapiro’s theorem to higher arities and noninjective notations
Authors: Kalociński Dariusz , Wrocławski Michał 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the framework of Stewart Shapiro, computations are performed directly on strings of symbols (numerals) whose abstract numerical interpretation is determined by a notation. Shapiro showed that a total unary function (unary relation) on natural numbers is computable in every injective notation if and only if it is almost constant or almost identity function (finite or co-finite set). We obtain a syntactic generalization of this theorem, in terms of quantifier-free definability, for functions and relations relatively intrinsically computable on certain types of equivalence structures. We also characterize the class of relations and partial functions of arbitrary finite arities which are computable in every notation (be it injective or not). We consider the same question for notations in which certain equivalence relations are assumed to be computable. Finally, we discuss connections with a theorem by Ash, Knight, Manasse and Slaman which allow us to deduce some (but not all) of our results, based on quantifier elimination.
Intra- and inter-operator reliability assessment of a novel extramedullary accelerometer-based smart cutting guide for total knee arthroplasty: an in vivo study
Authors: Marcheggiani Muccioli Giulio Maria , Alesi Domenico , Russo Arcangelo , Lo Presti Mirco , Sassoli Iacopo , La Verde Matteo , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose is to verify the intra- and inter-operator reliability of an extramedullary (EM) accelerometer-based smart cutting guide for distal femoral resection during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The hypothesis of the present study was that the use of the device would result in a good correlation between different operators with a difference between repeated measurements of less than 1°.

Methods
Twenty-five not consecutive patients with knee osteoarthritis undergone to primary TKA using an EM inertial-based cutting guide to perform distal femoral resection. In order to assess the agreement in femoral axis definition of the device, two operators performed three time each the manoeuvres necessary to define axis. Inter-rater agreement was evaluated with Bland and Altman agreement test. Intra-rater repeatability was evaluated analysing average results distribution of repeated measurements. Accuracy of the device was evaluated comparing differences between intra-operative device data with final implant alignment measured on post-operative longstanding x-rays using Students’ t test.

Results
Agreement between the two operators was statistically significant (p < 0.05) with a bias of − 0.4° (95% CI − 0.6° to − 0.2°). Average difference between cut orientation measured with device and final implant position, measured on x-rays, was 0.2° (95% CI − 1.5° to 1.7°) with no statistical difference between the two measurements. Final implant alignment, measured on x-ray, was 90.2°, with 95% of cases distributed within range 88.0° to 92.0° for varus-valgus and 2.8° and with 95% of cases distributed within range 2.0° to 4.0° for flexion–extension.

Conclusions
The EM accelerometer-based smart cutting guide used to perform distal femoral resection during primary TKA demonstrated a good intra- and inter-operator reliability in the present in vivo study.
A comparative and ontogenetic examination of mitochondrial function in Antarctic notothenioid species
Authors: Mandic Milica , Frazier Amanda J. , Naslund Andrew W. , Todgham Anne E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNotothenioidei fishes have evolved under stable cold temperatures; however, ocean conditions are changing globally, with polar regions poised to experience the greatest changes in environmental factors, such as warming. These stressors have the potential to dramatically affect energetic demands, and the persistence of the notothenioids will be dependent on metabolic capacity, or the ability to match energy supply with energy demand, to restore homeostasis in the face of changing climate conditions. In this study we examined aerobic metabolic capacity in three species, Trematomus bernacchii, T. pennellii and T. newnesi, and between two life stages, juvenile and adult, by assessing mitochondrial function of permeabilized cardiac fibers. Respiratory capacity differed among the adult notothenioids in this study, with greater oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) respiration in the pelagic T. newnesi than the benthic T. bernacchii and T. pennellii. The variation in mitochondrial respiratory capacity was likely driven by differences in the mitochondrial content, as measured by citrate synthase activity, which was the highest in T. newnesi. In addition to high OXPHOS, T. newnesi exhibited lower LEAK respiration, resulting in greater mitochondrial efficiency than either T. bernacchii or T. pennellii. Life stage largely had an effect on mitochondrial efficiency and excess complex IV capacity, but there were little differences in OXPHOS respiration and electron transfer capacity, pointing to a lack of significant differences in the metabolic capacity between juveniles and adults. Overall, these results demonstrate species-specific differences in cardiac metabolic capacity, which may influence the acclimation potential of notothenioid fishes to changing environmental conditions.
Optimal management of ANCA-associated vasculitis before and during pregnancy: current perspectives
Authors: Pecher Ann-Christin , Henes Melanie , Henes Joerg Christoph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of systemic vasculitis characterized by autoantibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (proteinase 3 PR3-ANCA and myeloperoxidase MPO-ANCA) and inflammation of small vessels. AAV include the diagnosis Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), which share many clinical and pathological features. Immunomodulatory therapies have significantly improved prognosis during the last decade. Nevertheless, especially in undiagnosed and thus uncontrolled AAV mortality due to renal impairment or pulmonary haemorrhages is still high. AAV are rare in fertile women, as the typical age of manifestation is above 50 years but there are women with AAV who are or want to become pregnant. This review focusses on how to manage patients with AAV planning to become pregnant and during their pregnancy.
Incidence of surgical site infections after cervical spine surgery: results of a single-center cohort study adhering to multimodal preventive wound control protocol
Authors: Spatenkova Vera , Bradac Ondrej , Mareckova Zuzana , Suchomel Petr , Hradil Jan , Kuriscak Eduard , Halacova Milada 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The incidence of surgical site infections is considered a relevant indicator of perioperative and postoperative care quality. The aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate SSIs after elective cervical spine surgery under the guidance of our preventive multimodal wound protocol.

Methods
A monocentric observational cohort study analyzed 797 patients who underwent cervical spine surgery from 2005 to 2010 (mean age 51.58 ± 11.74 year, male 56.09%, mean BMI 26.87 ± 4.41, ASA score 1–2 in 81.68% of patients), fulfilling the entry criteria: (1) cervical spine surgery performed by neurosurgeons (degenerative disease 85.19%, trauma 11.04%, tumor 3.76%), (2) elective surgery, (3) postoperative care in our neurointensive care unit. Our preventive wound control protocol management focused mainly on antibiotic prophylaxis, wound hygiene regime, and drainage equipment. All wound complications and surgical site infections were monitored up for 1 year after surgery.

Results
We had only 2 (0.25%) patients with SSI after cervical spine surgery—one organ/space infection (osteomyelitis, primary due to liquorrhea) after anterior surgical approach, and one deep surgical site infection (due to dehiscence) after posterior approach. We had 17 (2.13%) patients with some wound complications (secretion 7, dehiscence 4, hematoma 1, edema 3, and liquorrhea 2) that were not classified as SSI according to the CDC guidelines.

Conclusion
Concerning our study population of patients undergoing elective cervical surgery, with ASA scores 1–2 in 81.68% of our patients, the incidence of SSI was 0.14% after anterior surgical approach, 1.4% after posterior surgical approach, and 0.25% altogether in the referred cohort.
CaaX-less lamins: Lophotrochozoa provide a glance at the playground of evolution
Authors: Stick Reimer , Peter Annette 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nuclear lamins are the main components of the nuclear lamina in many eukaryotes. They are members of the intermediate filament (IF) protein family. Lamins differ from cytoplasmic IF proteins by the presence of a nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) and a C-terminal tetrapeptide, the CaaX motif. The CaaX motif is target of post-translational modifications including isoprenylation, proteolytic processing, and carboxyl-methylation. These modifications, in conjunction with the NLS, direct lamins to the inner nuclear membrane where they assemble into filaments. Lamins lacking a CaaX motif are unable to associate independently with nuclear membranes and remain in the nucleoplasm. So far, three species have been reported to exclusively express CaaX-less lamins. All three belong to the lophotrochozoan lineage. To find out whether they represent rare exceptions, we analysed lamins of representatives of 17 lophotrochozoan phyla. Here we report that all four clades of Rotifera as well as individual taxa of Mollusca and Annelida lack CaaX-lamins, but express lamins with alternative C-termini. Of note, the respective mollusc and annelid groups occupy very different phylogenetic ranks. Most of these alternative C-termini are rich in aromatic residues. A possible function of these residues in membrane association is discussed. Alternative splicing of terebellid lamin transcripts gives rise to two lamin variants, one with a CaaX motif and one with an alternative C-terminus. A similar situation is found in Arenicolidae, Opheliidae, Capitellidae, and Echiura. This points a way, how the switch from lamins carrying a CaaX motif to lamins with alternative C-termini may have occurred.
Molecular analysis of OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli in Switzerland from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Findlay Jacqueline , Perreten Vincent , Poirel Laurent , Nordmann Patrice 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOXA-48-type ß-lactamases are the most prevalent carbapenemase-type in Enterobacterales in Switzerland, predominantly found in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bacteria-producing OXA-48-type enzymes are endemic in some parts of the world, including Europe and North Africa, and are a frequent cause of nosocomial infections. Despite the emergence of numerous OXA-48-type variants, the original variant, OXA-48, remains the most prevalent in E. coli. This study describes the epidemiology of OXA-48-producing E. coli isolates submitted to the Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA) between January 2019 and December 2020.
Maximum relative distance between real rank-two and rank-one tensors
Authors: Eisenmann Henrik , Uschmajew André 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is shown that the relative distance in Frobenius norm of a real symmetric order-d tensor of rank-two to its best rank-one approximation is upper bounded by $$\sqrt{1-(1-1/d)^{d-1}}$$

1
-

(
1
-
1
/
d
)

d
-
1

. This is achieved by determining the minimal possible ratio between spectral and Frobenius norm for symmetric tensors of border rank two, which equals $$\left( 1-{1}/{d}\right) ^{(d-1)/{2}}$$

1
-
1
/
d

(
d
-
1
)
/
2

. These bounds are also verified for arbitrary real rank-two tensors by reducing to the symmetric case.
Contribution of Shape Features to Intradiscal Pressure and Facets Contact Pressure in L4/L5 FSUs: An In-Silico Study
Authors: Kassab-Bachi Amin , Ravikumar Nishant , Wilcox Ruth K. , Frangi Alejandro F. , Taylor Zeike A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFinite element models (FEMs) of the spine commonly use a limited number of simplified geometries. Nevertheless, the geometric features of the spine are important in determining its FEM outcomes. The link between a spinal segment’s shape and its biomechanical response has been studied, but the co-variances of the shape features have been omitted. We used a principal component (PCA)-based statistical shape modelling (SSM) approach to investigate the contribution of shape features to the intradiscal pressure (IDP) and the facets contact pressure (FCP) in a cohort of synthetic L4/L5 functional spinal units under axial compression. We quantified the uncertainty in the FEM results, and the contribution of individual shape modes to these results. This parameterisation approach is able to capture the variability in the correlated anatomical features in a real population and sample plausible synthetic geometries. The first shape mode ($$\phi _1$$ϕ1) explained 22.6% of the shape variation in the subject-specific cohort used to train the SSM, and had the largest correlation with, and contribution to IDP (17%) and FCP (11%). The largest geometric variation in ($$\phi _1$$ϕ1) was in the annulus-nucleus ratio.
Open Knee(s): A Free and Open Source Library of Specimen-Specific Models and Related Digital Assets for Finite Element Analysis of the Knee Joint
Authors: Chokhandre Snehal , Schwartz Ariel , Klonowski Ellen , Landis Benjamin , Erdemir Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the use of virtual representations of the knee for musculoskeletal research and clinical decision making, and to generate digital evidence for design and regulation of implants. Accessibility to previously developed models and related digital assets can dramatically reduce barriers to entry to conduct simulation-based studies of the knee joint and therefore help accelerate scientific discovery and clinical innovations. Development of models for finite element analysis is a demanding process that is both time consuming and resource intensive. It necessitates expertise to transform raw data to reliable virtual representations. Modeling and simulation workflow has many processes such as image segmentation, surface geometry generation, mesh generation and finally, creation of a finite element representation with relevant loading and boundary conditions. The outcome of the workflow is not only the end-point knee model but also many other digital by-products. When all of these data, derivate assets, and tools are freely and openly accessible, researchers can bypass some or all the steps required to build models and focus on using them to address their research goals. With provenance to specimen-specific anatomical and mechanical data and traceability of digital assets throughout the whole lifecycle of the model, reproducibility and credibility of the modeling practice can be established. The objective of this study is to disseminate Open Knee(s), a cohort of eight knee models (and relevant digital assets) for finite element analysis, that are based on comprehensive specimen-specific imaging data. In addition, the models and by-products of modeling workflows are described along with model development strategies and tools. Passive flexion served as a test simulation case, demonstrating an end-user application. Potential roadmaps for reuse of Open Knee(s) are also discussed.
Aptness Isn’t Enough: Why We Ought to Abandon Anger
Authors: Paytas Tyler 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccording to the Fittingness Defense, even if the consequences of anger are overall bad, it does not follow that we should aim to avoid it. This is because fitting anger involves an accurate appraisal of wrongdoing and is essential for appreciating injustice and signaling our disapproval (Srinivasan 2018; Shoemaker 2018). My aim in this paper is to show that the Fittingness Defense fails. While accurate appraisals are prima facie rational and justified on epistemic grounds, I argue that this type of fittingness does not vindicate anger because there are alternative modes of recognizing and appreciating wrongdoing that can generate the benefits of anger without the harmful effects. Moreover, anger involves more than its appraisal of wrongdoing—it also consists of attitudes and motivations that are arguably of intrinsic disvalue.