bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Batwing Mastopexy in Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: An Aesthetic Enhancement for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Kadakia Nikita , Kubiak Jeremy W. , Landau Mark J. , Mohiuddin Waseem , Lewis Priya G. , Kim Hahns Y. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Historically, many patients with breast ptosis have been excluded from nipple-sparing mastectomies. By performing mastopexy at the time of immediate reconstruction, more patients with breast ptosis can be considered for nipple-sparing mastectomies. The authors review their experience of simultaneous batwing mastopexy performed at the time of immediate implant-based reconstruction.

Methods:
Using retrospective chart review, the authors identified patients who underwent immediate implant-based breast reconstruction from 2015 through 2020 at a single institution. The patients were divided into two cohorts—batwing mastopexy and standard reconstruction (no mastopexy)—and compared.

Results:
A total of 324 breast operations in 188 patients were included (80 concurrent batwing and 244 standard implant-based reconstructions). Patient characteristics were similar between the groups, except that patients in the batwing group had greater ptosis and more patients in the standard group underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Mean follow-up was 15.9 months (range, 3.19 to 55.20 months). Complication rates were comparable in the batwing and standard groups, with no statistically significant differences in rates of hematoma (1.3 versus 3.3 percent; = 0.34), seroma (5.0 versus 8.2 percent; p = 0.34), major infection (8.8 versus 9.0 percent; p = 0.94), skin or nipple necrosis (6.3 versus 11.5 percent; p = 0.18), or explantation (11.3 versus 14.8 percent; p = 0.43). The rate of minor infections was higher in the group with concurrent batwing mastopexy (10.0 versus 3.7 percent; p = 0.03).

Conclusions:
The authors demonstrate that simultaneous batwing mastopexy can be performed safely at the time of immediate breast reconstruction. This technique provides comparable complication rates, improves aesthetic outcomes in patients with significant ptosis or macromastia, and allows nipple-sparing mastectomy to be an option for those who would otherwise be excluded.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Assessing layered HIV prevention programming: optimizing outcomes for adolescent girls and young women
Authors: Mathur Sanyukta , Mishra Raman , Mahapatra Bidhubhusan , Heck Craig J. , Okal Jerry 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To assess how exposure to multiple, layered interventions predicts HIV-related outcomes among adolescent girls (15–19 years) and young women (20–24 years) in Kenya.

Design:
Survey data from adolescent girls and young women (n = 736) with 14–16 months of engagement with DREAMS, a comprehensive HIV prevention program that provides a range of health education, life skills, social protection, and social and behaviour change interventions.

Methods:
Nonparametric recursive partitioning technique – classification and regression tree (CART) – to identify the best predictors (DREAMS interventions) for achieving the desired HIV-related outcomes (consistent condom use and no transactional sex or sexual violence).

Results:
Among adolescent girls, schooling support reduced the likelihood of engaging in transactional sex, whereas schooling support and exposure to parenting program reduced the likelihood experiencing sexual violence. Likelihood of consistent condom use increased among adolescent girls with exposure to preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), schooling support, and the violence prevention programming. Among young women, multiple pathways reduced the likelihood of engaging in transactional sex: exposure to the male sexual partner program; exposure to the youth fund program; exposure to the violence prevention program; or exposure/engagement with schooling support, parenting programming, and the youth fund program. For young women, consistent condom use increased with schooling support and male partner engagement. Additionally, engagement in violence prevention program and male partner engagement increased the likelihood of not experiencing sexual violence among young women.

Conclusion:
Exposure to a combination of DREAMS interventions predicted outcomes that can reduce HIV risk among AGYW, though the pathways differed by outcome and age group.
Aesthetic Reconstruction of a Facial Defect After Subtotal Resection of the Parotid Gland Using a Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Pure Skin Perforator Flap
Authors: Hashimoto Kohei , Lee Haesu , Tashiro Kensuke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
In the reconstruction of facial defects, thin and flexible coverage of the defect is desirable for cosmetic reasons. A free flap is 1 possible surgical option; however, a flap containing a fatty layer is bulky. in this study, the authors describe the reconstruction of a facial defect after subtotal parotidectomy for right parotid carcinoma using a superficial circumflex iliac artery pure skin perforator flap, with consideration given to facial contour. The superficial circumflex iliac artery pure skin perforator flap is a viable option to achieve the desired clinical and aesthetic outcome.
Maxillary Tuberosity Fractures Following Third Molar Extraction, Prevalence, and Risk Factors
Authors: Shmuly Tom , Winocur-Arias Orit , Kahn Adrian , Findler Mordechai , Adam Iris 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of maxillary tuberosity fractures in an adult population and to examine the different risk factors associated with these fractures.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study; data was collected from medical records of patients who underwent a non-surgical extraction of a maxillary third molar tooth between January 2017 and March 2019. All extractions were performed by 2 maxillofacial specialists.

Results:
A total of 403 extracted maxillary third molar teeth were included in the study. Out of them 73 cases of tuberosity fractures were recorded (18.1%). No significant difference in the number of recorded fractures was found between the 2 surgeons. The mean age of patients was 32.8 ± 11.5. In the age group of 30 years and under a fractures rate of 12.1% was recorded compared to 25.0% in the age group of over 30 (P = 0.001). Divergent or extremely curved root morphology were associated with a higher risk for fractures (30.7%) compared to convergent root morphology (13.1%) (P < 0.001). Borderline significance (P = 0.069) was observed for extractions of teeth with caries lesions (21.9%) compared to teeth with no caries lesions (14.6%).

Conclusions:
The risk of developing a tuberosity fracture during an extraction of an upper wisdom tooth increases with age by 3.1% per year. Teeth with a caries lesion or teeth with divergent or extremely curved root morphology are associated with a higher risk for tuberosity fractures. Although, distoangular teeth had reduced risk of developing a tuberosity fractures. Data collected in this study may help to evaluate the risk factors associated with tuberosity fractures, and can assist in minimizing complications during extractions.
The Learning Curve and Importance of Collaboration in Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Via Breast Areola Approach: A Single Surgical Team’s Experience of 100 Patients
Authors: Wang Miao-Feng , Xia Heng , Zhao Wei-Jun , Fang Sun-Yang , Liu Zhao 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Endoscopic thyroidectomy is popular among young patients because of its excellent cosmetic outcomes. But it takes a long time to become proficient and competent for surgeons. In addition, collaboration plays a critical role in endoscopic thyroidectomy. Our research aims to evaluate the learning curve of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach, provide details of this approach, and demonstrate the importance of collaboration.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively analyzed 100 cases of benign and malignant thyroid disease who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach between January 2015 and December 2020, which were performed by the same group of surgeons with little experience of endoscopic thyroidectomy. The learning curve was analyzed by moving average method. The mean operation time, blood loss, tumor size, postoperative complications were used to determine learning curve progression.

Results:
The learning curve in the first 30 cases were uplifted, stable at 30 to 60 cases and declined in the following cases. The mean operation time and blood loss decreased significant after the first 30 cases and again after the first 60 cases. And there was no difference in postoperative complications.

Conclusions:
A well-trained surgeon with experience in conventional open thyroidectomy can significantly reduce the total operation time by studying the learning curve. The key steps including establishment of working space and reaching for recurrent laryngeal nerve. A stable level can be achieved after 30 cases. More than 60 cases are required to become proficient. A successful endoscopic thyroid surgery requires a stable team.
Purely Endonasal Endoscopic Approaches for Extracranial Trigeminal Nerve Schwannoma
Authors: Başak Hazan , Mulazimoglu Selcuk , Yucel Levent , Beton Suha , Meco Cem 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of purely endonasal endoscopic resection of extracranial trigeminal schwannomas (TGSs), with assessment of surgical and clinical outcomes in order to identify optimal candidates for an endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA).

Methods:
A retrospective review of patient’s records operated for TGSs between 2008 and 2021 was conducted. Patients operated with a purely EEA were included in this study. Pictures from a frozen fresh cadaver head dissection were used to demonstrate the surgical approach and to show anatomic relationships, complexity of the surgical area and safe corridors for surgery.

Results:
A total of 5 patients (4 females and 1 male) were operated for TGS. All patients had facial numbness (100%) as a presenting symptom, followed by facial pain in 2 patients (40%), and orbital pain in 1 (20%). Also, 3 patients (60%) had a tumor originating at the level of the foramen ovale and 2 (40%) at the foramen rotundum. The mean tumor diameter was 3,7 ± 2 cm. Gross total resection were achieved in all cases. Postoperatively, 1 patient had severe mastication problems, 1 had blurred vision, and in the long-term follow-up, 1 had frontal sinusitis. The mean follow up was 106.6 (min:49, max:132, SD: 29.82) months. No recurrences were detected.

Conclusions:
In cases with the extradural TGS having limited extension into Posterior Cranial Fossa, or located in the Middle Cranial Fossa, a purely EEA is possible even for tumors bigger in size. Unilateral endonasal corridors are adequate for resection in most cases.
Localization of nanospheres in pheochromocytoma-like cells following exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields at 18 GHz
Authors: Tharushi Perera Palalle G. , Linklater Denver P. , Kosyer Erim , Croft Rodney , Ivanova Elena P. 
Published: June 2022

Exposure to high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at 18 GHz was previously found to induce reversible cell permeabilization in eukaryotic cells; however, the fate of internalized foreign objects inside the cell remains unclear. Here, silica core–shell gold nanospheres (Au NS) of 20 ± 5 nm diameter were used to study the localization of Au NS in pheochromocytoma (PC 12) cells after exposure to HF EMFs at 18 GHz. Internalization of Au NS was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Analysis based on corresponding scanning transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed the presence of the Au NS free within the PC 12 cell membrane, cytoplasm, enclosed within intracellular vesicles and sequestered in vacuoles. The results obtained in this work highlight that exposure to HF EMFs could be used as an efficient technique with potential for effective delivery of drugs, genetic material, and nanomaterials into cells for the purpose of cellular manipulation or therapy.
Occurrence, fate, and risk assessment of antibiotics in typical pharmaceutical manufactories and receiving surface waters from different regions
Authors: Liu Yuanfei , Cai Dan , Li Xin , Wu Qingyao , Ding Ping , Shen Liangchen , Yang Jian , Hu Guocheng , Wu Jinhua 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to update information on the presence and persistence of antibiotics in wastewater from four typical pharmaceutical plants in China and the removal of antibiotics by the wastewater treatment process. It also evaluated the environmental impact of antibiotic residues through wastewater discharge into receiving water bodies. The results indicated that 13 antibiotics were detected in wastewater samples with concentrations ranging from 57.03 to 726.79 ng/L. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) and macrolides (MLs) were the most abundant antibiotic classes in wastewater samples, accounting for 42.5% and 38.7% of total antibiotic concentrations, respectively, followed by sulfonamides (SAs) (16.4%) and tetracyclines (TCs) (2.4%). Erythromycin-H2O (ERY), lincomycin (LIN), ofloxacin (OFL), and trimethoprim (TMP) were the most frequently detected antibiotics; among these antibiotics, the concentration of OFL was the highest in most wastewater samples. No significant difference was found in the removal of antibiotics between different treatment processes, and more than 50% of antibiotics were not completely removed with a removal efficiency of less than 70%. The concentration of detected antibiotics in the receiving water was an order of magnitude lower than that in the wastewater due to dilution. Finally, an environmental risk analysis showed that lincomycin and ofloxacin could pose a high risk at the concentrations detected in effluents and a medium risk in their receiving waters, highlighting that they were a potential hazard to the health of the aquatic ecosystem.
Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of mouse cochlear supporting cell transcriptomes with activated ERBB2 receptor, a candidate mediator of cochlear regeneration mechanisms
Authors: Piekna-Przybylska Dorota , Na Daxiang , Zhang Jingyuan , Baker Cameron , Ashton John M. , White Patricia M. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTHearing loss caused by the death of cochlear hair cells might be restored through regeneration from supporting cells via dedifferentiation and proliferation, as observed in birds. We recently found that in mice, activation of ERBB2 in supporting cells promoted the differentiation of hair cell-like cells. Here we analyze transcriptomes of neonatal mouse cochlear supporting cells with activated ERBB2 using single-cell RNA sequencing. ERBB2 inductionin vivogenerated a new population of cells expressingde novoSIBLING (small integrin-binding ligand n-linked glycoproteins) proteins and their regulators, particularlySecreted Phosphoprotein 1(SPP1). In other systems, SIBLINGs promote cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. ERBB2 signaling induced after noise exposure in young adult mice also up-regulated both SPP1 protein and the SPP1 receptor CD44, and drove formation of proliferating stem-like cell aggregates in the organ of Corti. Our results suggest that ectopic activation of ERBB2 signaling in cochlear supporting cells alters the microenvironment, promoting proliferation and cell rearrangements. Together these results suggest a novel mechanism for inducing stem cell-like activity in the adult mammalian cochlea.
Patients with affective disorders profit most from telemedical treatment: Evidence from a naturalistic patient cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rohrmann Tobias , Praus Peter , Proctor Tanja , Benedyk Anastasia , Tost Heike , Hennig Oliver , Andreas-Meyer-Lindenberg  , Wahl Anna-Sophia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic telemedicine became essential in maintaining diagnostic procedures and treatment in psychiatry. However, it is still an open question if telemedicine is a feasible treatment option for all groups of psychiatric patients alike. This prospective monocentric observational trial was conducted to assess the general applicability of telemedical treatment in a naturalistic psychiatric outpatient cohort and to identify groups of disorders and clusters of psychopathology that respond particularly well to telemedical treatment considering sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ perspectives.MethodsPatients were recruited April 2020 - April 2021 and asked to fill out the WHO-5 and the SCL-90R at baseline, after 4-6 and 8-12 weeks and a feedback-survey. Additionally, medical records, psychopathology, psychosocial functioning and sociodemographic data were analyzed. Primary outcomes were well-being, psychopathology and functioning during treatment. Secondly, diagnostic groups and psychopathology linked to a superior treatment-response were determined with respect to patients’ subjective experiences.ResultsOut of 1.385 patients, 254 - mostly with hyperkinetic (35.3%) and depressive disorders (24.6%) - took part. Well-being and SCL-90R total scores improved substantially (both p<0.001). CGI and GAF scores were worse in depressed subjects (both p<0.05). Improvement was mainly seen in depressed patients; chronic disorders experienced a decline in well-being. Sociodemographic characteristics could not explain this difference. Particularly female (r=0.413) patients found telepsychiatry equivalent to conventional treatment. The more virtual sessions participants attended the more likely they were to find telepsychiatry equal to conventional treatment (r=0.231).ConclusionsTelemedicine is an effective treatment for patients with depression under naturalistic conditions. Telemedical consultations are a simple and reliable way of monitoring symptom severity and directing treatment choices during the treatment of depressive disorders. Patients with depression benefited more from telemedical treatment compared to participants with chronic non episodic psychiatric disorders. Future research needs to concentrate on improving telemedical treatment options suited for the latter conditions. Psychiatric telemedicine yielded overall high degrees of satisfaction among users.
Prots2Net: a PPIN predictor of a proteome or a metaproteome sample
Authors: Alcalá Adrià , Llabrés Mercè 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivationAll molecular functions and biological processes are carried out by groups of proteins that interact to each other. Proteins interactions are modeled by simple networks called Protein-Protein Interaction Networks (PPINs) whose nodes are proteins and whose edges are the protein-protein interactions. PPINs are broadly accepted to model the protein’s functional relations, and their analysis has become a key ingredient in the study of protein functions. New proteins are collected every day from metaproteomic data, and their functional relations must be obtained with high-throughput technology. Retrieving protein-protein interaction data experimentally is a very high time-consuming and labor-intensive task. Consequently, in the last years, the biological community is looking for computational methods to correctly predict PPIs.ResultsWe present here Prots2Net, a tool designed to predict the PPIs of a proteome or a metaproteome sample. Our prediction model is a multilayer perceptron neural network that uses protein sequence information only from the input proteins and interaction information from the STRING database. To train the model, Prots2Net explores the PPIs retrieved from the STRING database of two selected species. The tests, reported here on the Yeast and the Human datasets, show that Prots2Net performs better than the previous prediction methods that used protein sequence information only. Therefore, considering the information of PPI data available on the STRING database improves the PPI prediction.Availabilityhttps://github.com/adriaalcala/prots2netContactmerce.llabres@uib.es
Measuring motion-to-photon latency for sensorimotor experiments with virtual reality systems
Authors: Warburton Matthew , Mon-Williams Mark , Mushtaq Faisal , Ryan Morehead J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConsumer virtual reality (VR) systems are increasingly being deployed in research to study sensorimotor behaviours, but properties of such systems require verification before being used as scientific tools. The ‘motion-to-photon’ latency (the lag between a user making a movement and the movement being displayed within the display) is a particularly important metric as temporal delays can degrade sensorimotor performance. Extant approaches to quantifying this measure have involved the use of bespoke software and hardware and produce a single measure of latency and ignore the effect of the motion prediction algorithms used in modern VR systems. This reduces confidence in the generalisability of the results. We developed a novel, system-independent, high-speed camera-based latency measurement technique to co-register real and virtual controller movements, allowing assessment of how latencies change through a movement. We applied this technique to measure the motion-to-photon latency of controller movements in the HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, Oculus Rift S, and Valve Index, using the Unity game engine and SteamVR. For the start of a sudden movement, all measured headsets had mean latencies between 21-42ms. Once motion prediction could account for the inherent delays, the latency was functionally reduced to 2-13ms, and our technique revealed this reduction occurs within ∼25-58ms of movement onset. Our findings indicate that sudden accelerations (e.g. movement onset, impacts and direction changes) will increase latencies and lower spatial accuracy. Our technique allows researchers to measure these factors and determine the impact on their experimental design before collecting sensorimotor data from VR systems.
Holistic inference explains human perception of stimulus orientation
Authors: Mao Jiang , Stocker Alan A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerception of stimulus features such as orientation is widely considered a Bayesian inference process. In contrast to previous Bayesian observer models, we propose that perception is a holistic inference process that operates across all levels of the representational hierarchy. We test this hypothesis in the context of a typical psychophysical matching task in which subjects are asked to estimate the perceived orientation of a test stimulus by adjusting a probe stimulus (method-of-adjustment). We present a holistic matching model that assumes that subjects’ responses reflect an optimal match between the test and the probe stimulus, both in terms of their inferred feature (orientation) but also their higher-level (category) representation. Validation against multiple existing psychophysical datasets demonstrates that the model provides a quantitatively detailed and accurate description of subjects’ response behavior including data that previous models fail to even qualitatively account for.