bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
German-Brazilians in Misiones Argentina: Tension between Identity and Ethnicity
Authors: Gallero María Cecilia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
German-Brazilians recreated their homeland in Misiones, Argentina. They are distinguished for having developed transgenerational migration patterns: they inhabited the south of Brazil for a hundred years and then lived almost another century in Argentina. This article analyses how the identity of German migrants was shaped by their feeling of belonging to this new territory and what tensions were evidenced in their identity. Oral history and ethnographic fieldwork were the basis of this research that seeks to unravel tensions between identity and ethnicity after a century of settlement in Argentina (1919–2019). It has been structured in three parts: first some debates about Germanness are exposed. German-Brazilian immigration in Misiones is presented, and finally, tensions between identity and ethnicity are analysed through the Vogelfest, a family party.
Nights of Plague
Authors: Pamuk Orhan , Damrosch David , Ungureanu Delia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The following is an edited transcript of the opening plenary session of the Institute for World Literature in July 2020 – held online as a result of Covid-19. In this conversation with IWL’s director and associate director, Orhan Pamuk discusses his understanding of world literature and his place in it, and his ongoing work on his novel Nights of Plague, then nearing completion.
The World Poetics of Lockdown in Pandemic Poetry
Authors: Patnaik Anhiti 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This essay uses contemporary theories on World Literature to discuss two anthologies of pandemic poetry: Singing in the Dark: A Global Anthology of Poetry Under Lockdown, and And We Came Outside and Saw the Stars Again: Writers from Around the World on the Covid-19 Pandemic. These anthologies develop a new criticality on issues of migration, biopower, and inequality that have long “plagued” cultures of late capitalism. As they represent various states of lockdown imposed around the world due to the spread of the coronavirus, the anthologies grapple with the paradoxical experience of the “singular-universal” that comes with living in a pandemic. By emphasizing the untranslatability of diverse bodies, races, cultures, and languages, these anthologies deconstruct the perceived synchrony of experiencing lockdown. This essay reveals how they attempt to deconstruct the Eurocentrism of “World Literature” by reconfiguring the category of the “global” and representing collective trauma.
“[S]old to Any One Who Would Buy Them”
Authors: Jones Ebony 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The British Parliament passed the Slave Trade Abolition Act in 1807, making the transatlantic trade in human beings illegal. Intended to eliminate Atlantic high-sea slave trading, the 1807 Act placed limitations on how the merchant and planter class could move their human property between British holdings while also forbidding intercolonial slave trading. Included was an imperial-sanctioned exception to the rule—the “convict slave” clause—that allowed authorities in the British Caribbean to sell enslaved people to foreign colonies under transportation sentences allocated by colonial courts. This article pays particular attention to criminal transportation and its use to punish the enslaved. Execution of such sentences occurred at a time when Britain began its maritime abolition campaign and Spanish participation in the transatlantic slave trade simultaneously intensified. It provides evidence of operations of a local market in convicted enslaved people in Jamaica that was only possible because of the island’s intra-American slave trading connections with the Spanish Americas, and in particular, the commercial connections it held with the nearby-island of Cuba.
From the Green Zone to Havana Syndrome: Making Geographic Sense of Rotationality and Hardship in Diplomacy
Authors: Essex Jamey , Bowman Joshua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Most foreign ministries use a rotational system in deploying personnel abroad, with diplomats moving between foreign posts every few years and earning salary premiums based on the risks, dangers, and hardships associated with different foreign posts. We examine rotationality and hardship in diplomacy, identifying these as spatial and institutional practices for managing a global network of diplomatic personnel and sites. These are institutionalized in foreign ministries’ processes for assessing and compensating hardship and danger, and embodied in the design, function, and locational contexts of embassy buildings in foreign capitals. We rely on empirical examples from the US and Canadian foreign services, looking at US embassies in Berlin and Baghdad, and “Havana syndrome” among American and Canadian diplomats and their family members. We conclude that security-heavy forms of hardship assessment and management can limit diplomats’ ability to build local knowledge and constrain the interaction and openness usually prized in diplomatic practice.
Street Youth Groups in Sidi Moussa/Morocco: The Everyday Resistance of Precariousness
Authors: Touhtou Rachid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Street youth groups (syg) in Morocco represent underground urban counterculture where “class conflict” is being fed by lack of opportunities to climb the social ladder. Indefinable and tormenting globalization (Montgomery, 2019; Wacquant, 2009) has psychologically and socially transformed youth into social “victims”/dreamers of a “modern” wellbeing. Social inequalities exacerbated by covid-19 pandemic produced new precarious youths at the margins of “patronaged” neoliberal policies implemented for buying social peace policies. In this context, this paper is based on an ethnographic research with “Tcharmil” Street youth in the neighborhood of Sidi Moussa in Sale, twin city of the Capital Rabat known for urban violence in substandard housing. In this paper, I argue that these “Mcharmlin” youth are resisting marginalization through invading streets and imposing their “subculture” as a “non-movement” (Bayat, 2013) against inequalities. These humans of Sidi Moussa who are young and poor, facing the Atlantic and far from the Capital about 30 minutes behind walled ancient city of Sale of Corsairs, dreaming of a stable life, job and respect from society, living in “Zanqa 0”. Youth refusing nothingness are invading streets which do not have even a name as all streets are numbered from 0 to 14. each narrow street faces the Atlantic either you escape, or you get stuck if you turn your back on the Atlantic.
Contemporary Youth Culture at the Margins of Marseille and Milan: Gangs, Music, and Global Imaginaries
Authors: Mansilla Juan Camilo , Grassi Paolo , Palmas Luca Queirolo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, we will compare Marseille and Milan, as well as the social (and digital) practices of young people living in two neighbourhoods: LaFab in the third district—one of the poorest areas of the French city—and San Siro—one of the largest social housing areas of the Italian one. These young people were born in France and Italy, but their parents are mostly of African origins. This comparative analysis is carried out at three interdependent levels: the youth policies, the ethnographic study of young people practices, and the imaginaries they (re)create. In conclusion, we will show how social exclusion intersects with spatial marginalisation and how, in the two cities, groups of young people (through music production, ngo projects, or illicit drug-trafficking networks) have developed glocally-oriented strategies to create self-determination and creativity spaces as an alternative to such structural obstacles.
Monalisas Without a Smile: Female Characters in Romanian Cinema between the ‘false feminism’ of the socialist era and the ‘antifeminism’ of the 1990s
Authors: Pojoga Mădălina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In Romanian Socialist cinema, filmul de actualitate (topical/contemporary/everyday life film) represented a topical genre that was supposed to reflect and legitimize – using the propaganda apparatus – an ideal but fictional society in which the protagonist had to be a hero with exceptional qualities, who reflected and promoted socialist ideology. My paper takes into account cinematic representations of female characters in this genre that reflect the Communist Party’s ideology regarding the role women should play in a socialist society. Once emancipated through work, their social roles changed in the 1970s as they became the symbol of motherhood. I will also discuss the way these representations changed after the fall of the communist regime and how the postcommunist transition highlighted the emergence of a new type of femininity when women were considered exportable goods, a product fitted for the free market.
“Secret Service Plot” or “Drunken Night”? Accounting Strategies in a Resignation Speech and Their Uptake in Media Reports in Three Countries
Authors: Gruber Helmut 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, former Austrian vice-chancellor’s H.C. Strache’s resignation speech and its media coverage in Austria, Germany, and the German speaking part of Switzerland are investigated. Strache resigned after the publication of a secretly recorded meeting with an alleged Russian oligarch during which he (and his closest political collaborator) discussed illegal ways of party funding. The analysis shows that Strache applies justifications (presenting him as victim of a plot) as well as excuses (presenting his demeanor as the normal behavior of a drunken male) in his resignation speech. These seemingly contradictory framing strategies, however, are shown to fit both into the right-wing populist rhetoric repertoire. Analysis of the media coverage of the speech shows country specific differences although media in all three countries did not adopt Strache’s framing strategies. The article also discusses the merits of integrating different data sources and methods in contrastive socio-pragmatic research.
Song, Dance, and the Karbala Martyrs: Muharram Commemoration and Sunni Islam in Kachchh, Gujarat
Authors: Bond Brian E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sunni Muslims in Kachchh, Gujarat commemorate the Islamic month of Muharram with a variety of practices, including street processions, drumming, musical stage performances, dancing, and dhamāl (piercing the body with skewers and daggers). This article focuses on osāṇī (<ḥusainī), a song genre that is only performed during Muharram and serves as the musical foundation of the osāṇī circle dance. Osāṇī dance is noteworthy for its incorporation of a stylized form of hāth kā mātam, the chest-beating typically associated with Shiʿa Muslims’ lamentation for the Karbala martyrs, which is generally avoided and criticized by Sunnis in other areas of South Asia. Drawing attention to the affectively mixed quality of osāṇī performances, I underscore the role of maza (enjoyment, fun) in the religious life of Muslim Kachchh, thus offering a counterbalance to the focus on valorized affects that has characterized recent influential studies of self-formation and embodied religious devotion in Muslim societies. Finally, the article traces the impact of Islamic reformism, which has prompted many Sunnis associated with the Ahl-e Sunnat wa Jamaʿat (“Barelvī”) movement to refrain from participating in osāṇī and other forms of Muharram commemoration over the past few decades.
Toward Standard Radiosonde Observations of Waves and the Mean State in the 30–40-km Altitude Range Using 3-kg Balloons
Authors: Kinoshita Takenari , Ogino Shin-Ya , Suzuki Junko , Shirooka Ryuichi , Sugidachi Takuji , Shimizu Kensaku , Hitchman Matthew H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Observations of temperature and wind velocity in the 30–40-km altitude layer have been sparse since elimination of the standard rocketsonde sounding network in the 1990s. In an effort to extend the vertical range of radiosonde observations into the upper stratosphere, experiments were conducted with a 3-kg balloon at Tsukuba, Japan, on 5 November 2019. Using this relatively inexpensive balloon technology, four radiosondes were launched, with two reaching above 40-km altitude. These profiles were compared with satellite and reanalysis data in the 30–40-km layer, which showed an overall good agreement and an ability of radiosondes to capture shorter vertical-scale variations. The ability to quantify gravity wave parameters from the data is described, with application to wave events detected near 38–40 km. This type of balloon will be deployed extensively in an upcoming intensive observation campaign over the Maritime Continent, which will contribute toward achieving standard radiosonde observations in the 30–40-km altitude range. This system extends the ability to provide information regarding gravity wave and planetary wave activity upward to ∼40 km.
Subjective cognitive complaints and subjective cognition following electroconvulsive therapy for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Semkovska Maria , Knittle Hannah , Leahy Janet , Rasmussen Johanne Raasø 
Published: April 2022

Background: Subjective cognitive complaints represent a leading reason for suboptimal prescription of electroconvulsive therapy, the most acutely effective treatment for depression. However, research findings regarding their presentation are conflicting. Objective: To describe, quantify and explain the variability in subjective cognitive complaints and subjective cognition following electroconvulsive therapy for depression. Methods: We searched systematically PubMed, Embase, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL and relevant reviews for research published from 1 January 1972 to 31 August 2020. We included all independent studies of patients whose subjective cognition was assessed following brief-pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression. Three meta-analyses were conducted to quantify: (1) the prevalence of patients presenting with cognitive complaints following electroconvulsive therapy; (2) the pre–post electroconvulsive therapy change in subjective cognition and (3) the association between change in depressive symptoms and change in cognitive complaints. Effect sizes were calculated using random-effects models. Eight prespecified demographic and clinical moderators of between-study variability were assessed using sub-group analyses and meta-regressions. Results: Data from 72 studies including 5699 participants were meta-analysed. Weighted mean prevalence of patients with cognitive complaints was 48.1% (95% confidence interval = [42.3%, 53.9%]). The type of subjective measure used significantly impacted the pre–post electroconvulsive therapy change in subjective cognition, showing, respectively, large improvement ( g = 0.81; 95% confidence interval = [0.59, 1.03]) after electroconvulsive therapy with the Squire Self-Rating Scale of Memory and small worsening (g = –0.48; 95% confidence interval = [–0.70, –0.26]) with 1-item memory scales. The strongest predictors of improved post-electroconvulsive therapy subjective cognition were increased age and larger post-electroconvulsive therapy decrease in depressive symptoms. The weighted mean correlation between pre–post electroconvulsive therapy decrease in depressive symptoms and pre–post electroconvulsive therapy decrease in cognitive complaints was 0.46 (95% confidence interval = [0.39, 0.53]). Conclusion: Variability in subjective cognition following electroconvulsive therapy is mostly explained by the degree of post-treatment persisting depression and by the subjective assessment used. Scales measuring exclusively subjective worsening present limited clinical utility and instruments allowing the detection of both improvement and worsening in subjective cognition should be preferred.
Incidence and Clinical Features of Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax in COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Muhammad Ambreen Iqbal , Mehta Meera , Shaw Michael , Hussain Nafisa , Joseph Stephen , Vancheeswaran Rama 
Published: April 2022

Background Pneumothorax (PTX) and pneumomediastinum (PM), collectively termed here “air leak”, are now well described complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia across several case series. The incidence is thought to be approximately 1% but is not definitively known. Objectives To report the incidence and describe the demographic features, risk factors and outcomes of patients with air leak as a complication of COVID-19. Methods A retrospective observational study on all adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to Watford General Hospital, West Hertfordshire NHS Trust between March 1st 2020 and Feb 28th 2021. Patients with air leak were identified after reviewing both chest radiographs (CXRs) and axial imaging (CT Thorax) with confirmatory radiology reports inclusive of the terms PTX and/or PM. Results Air leak occurred with an incidence of 0.56%. Patients with air leak were younger and had evidence of more severe disease at presentation, including a higher median CRP and number of abnormal zones affected on chest radiograph. Asthma was a significant risk factor in the development of air leak (OR 13.4 [4.7-36.4]), both spontaneously and following positive pressure ventilation. CPAP and IMV were also associated with a greater than six fold increase in the risk of air leak (OR 6.4 [2.5-16.6] and 9.8 [3.7-27.8] respectively). PTX, with or without PM, in the context of COVID-19 pneumonia was almost universally fatal whereas those with alone PM had a lower risk of death. Conclusion Despite the global vaccination programme, patients continue to develop severe COVID-19 disease and may require respiratory support. This study demonstrates the importance of identifying that deterioration in such patients may be resultant from PTX or PM, particularly in asthmatics and those managed with positive pressure ventilation.
Development of an Automated Hospital Infection Control Surveillance Toolkit
Authors: Avina K. , Sinha Rajesh Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Background: Infection control systems allow the healthcare facility to detect, manage, prevent and control the infection or risk of infection. It helps to improve healthcare quality by allowing hospital infection control (HIC) team to focus on prevention and intervention efforts during the outbreaks. Objectives: To design, develop and implement an automated HIC surveillance Toolkit for Infection Prevention and Control Department based on user requirements. Methods: This study was carried out in a multi-speciality hospital in Southern India. The study was carried out in four phases; the first phase included the observation of current documentation practice of Infection Prevention and Control Department. During the second phase, a formal discussion was conducted with the infection control team to collect the data to add to the HIC surveillance toolkit. The third phase included the design and development of the toolkit using ASP.NET and Standard Query Language (SQL) database server. During the fourth phase, a prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the end-user satisfaction towards the Toolkit using a structured and validated checklist based on 5-point Likert scale from extremely satisfied to not satisfied (score 5–1). Results: Based on the observation of existing documentation and reporting practice, a discussion was carried out with the infection control team to identify the templates to be added to the toolkit. Once identified, a web-based toolkit was designed and developed using ASP.NET and stored using SQL database server. The developed toolkit was implemented in the hospital and provided to the HIC team to use. The finding of the assessment of 15 features of HIC surveillance toolkit indicated that the end-users were very satisfied with the support of toolkit in documenting and reporting of infection-related data. Conclusion: HIC surveillance toolkit, allows the HIC team to capture, store, manage data, compare, and calculate the infection control rate and compliance rate. It also increases the ease of surveillance and reporting. It aids in reducing hospital-acquired infection (HAI) rates, simplifies the workflow of HIC and improves healthcare quality.
Acute macular neuroretinopathy as the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Capuano Vittorio , Forte Paolo , Sacconi Riccardo , Miere Alexandra , Mehanna Carl-Joe , Barone Caterina , Bandello Francesco , Souied Eric H. , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: April 2022

Introduction To report two cases of Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy (AMN) presented as the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection in two European countries during the third wave of pandemic viral infection in the early months of 2021. Observations A unilateral case of type 1 AMN in a man and a bilateral case of type 2 AMN in an otherwise heathy patients were reported. Sudden onset of paracentral scotoma characterized the cases with no systemic symptoms. Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) shows multifocal middle and inner retinal hyperreflective infarctions. OCT-Angiography showed the presence of hypoperfusion of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) corresponding to the hyperreflective lesions visible on structural OCT, confirming the diagnosis. Conclusions and importance Type 1 and type 2 AMN may be the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We suggest testing all patients with AMN for SARS-CoV-2. In our cases, the natural history of AMN associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was similar to already described cases of AMN.
Eighteen-month safety analysis of offspring breastfed by mothers receiving glatiramer acetate therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis – COBRA study
Authors: Ciplea Andrea Ines , Kurzeja Anna , Thiel Sandra , Haben Sabrina , Alexander Jessica , Adamus Evelyn , Hellwig Kerstin 
Published: April 2022

Background: Safety data on disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) during breastfeeding are limited. Objective: Assess safety outcomes for offspring breastfed by mothers undergoing glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone®) treatment. Methods: This non-interventional, retrospective study used German Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy Registry data. Participants had RMS, a live birth, and received GA or no DMT during breastfeeding. Results: GA cohort: 58 mothers/60 offspring; matched controls: 60 mothers/60 offspring; 86.7% (GA) and 25% (control) of offspring were born to mothers who had GA at some point during pregnancy. Maternal demographics and disease activity were comparable. Annualized number of hospitalizations was similar for breastfed offspring: 0.20 (95% confidence interval: 0.09–0.31; GA) and 0.25 (0.12–0.38, controls). Proportion of offspring requiring hospitalization was comparable between cohorts (18.33% vs. 20.00%). Annualized number of antibiotic uses was similar in both cohorts (0.22, 0.10–0.33 (GA) vs. 0.17, 0.06–0.27 (controls)) The proportion of offspring requiring antibiotics was 15.00% (both cohorts). More developmental delays were identified in controls versus the GA cohort (3 (5.36%) vs. 0). Growth parameters were comparable between cohorts. Conclusion: Maternal intake of GA during breastfeeding did not adversely affect offspring safety outcomes assessed during the first 18 months of life.