bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet-derived growth factor-BB regenerates functional periodontal ligament in the tooth replantation
Authors: Komatsu Koichiro , Ideno Hisashi , Shibata Tatsuya , Nakashima Kazuhisa , Nifuji Akira 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTooth ankylosis is a pathological condition of periodontal ligament (PDL) restoration after tooth replantation. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) has been proposed as a promising factor for preventing tooth ankylosis. Using rat tooth replantation model, we investigated whether PDGF-BB accelerates the repair of PDL after tooth replantation without ankylosis, and its molecular mechanisms. In PDGF-BB pretreated replanted teeth (PDGF-BB group), ankylosis was markedly reduced and functionally organized PDL collagen fibers were restored; the mechanical strength of the healing PDL was restored to an average of 76% of that in non-replanted normal teeth at 21 days. The numbers of PDGF-Rβ- and BrdU-positive cells in the periodontal tissues of the PDGF-BB group were greater than those of atelocollagen pretreated replanted teeth (AC group). Moreover, in the PDGF-BB group, the periodontal tissues had fewer osteocalcin-positive cells and decreased number of nuclear β-catenin-positive cells compared to those in the AC group. In vitro analyses showed that PDGF-BB increased the proliferation and migration of human periodontal fibroblasts. PDGF-BB downregulated mRNA expressions of RUNX2 and ALP, and inhibited upregulatory effects of Wnt3a on β-catenin, AXIN2, RUNX2, COL1A1, and ALP mRNA expressions. These findings indicate that in tooth replantation, topical PDGF-BB treatment enhances cell proliferation and migration, and inhibits canonical Wnt signaling activation in bone-tooth ankylosis, leading to occlusal loading of the PDL tissues and subsequent functional restoration of the healing PDL. This suggests a possible clinical application of PDGF-BB to reduce ankylosis after tooth replantation and promote proper regeneration of PDL.
Aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in rivers influenced by mining activities
Authors: Rico-Sánchez Axel Eduardo , Rodríguez-Romero Alexis Joseph , Sedeño-Díaz Jacinto Elías , López-López Eugenia , Sundermann Andrea 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMining is one of the major pollution sources worldwide, causing huge disturbances to the environment. Industrial and artisanal mining activities are widespread in Mexico, a major global producer of various metals. This study aimed to assess the ecological impairments resulting from mining activities using aquatic macroinvertebrates assemblages (MA). A multiple co-inertia analysis was applied to determine the relationships between environmental factors, habitat quality, heavy metals, and aquatic macroinvertebrates in 15 study sites in two different seasons (dry and wet) along two rivers running across the Central Plateau of Mexico. The results revealed three contrasting environmental conditions associated with different MAs. High concentrations of heavy metals, nutrients, and salinity limit the presence of several families of seemingly sensitive macroinvertebrates. These factors were found to influence structural changes in MAs, showing that not only mining activities, but also agriculture and presence of villages in the basin, exert adverse effects on macroinvertebrate assemblages. Diversity indices showed that the lowest diversity matched both the most polluted and the most saline rivers. The rivers studied displayed high alkalinity and hardness levels, which can reduce the availability of metals and cause adverse effects on periphyton by inhibiting photosynthesis and damaging MAs. Aquatic biomonitoring in rivers, impacted by mining and other human activities, is critical for detecting the effect of metals and other pollutants to improve management and conservation strategies. This study supports the design of cost-effective and accurate water quality biomonitoring protocols in developing countries.
A preliminary animal study on the prediction of nerve block success using ultrasonographic parameters
Authors: Chiba Emiko , Hamamoto Kohei , Kanai Eiichi , Oyama-Manabe Noriko , Omoto Kiyoka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonographic parameters as an indicator for predicting regional nerve block success. Ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block was performed in seven dogs using either 2% mepivacaine (nerve-block group) or saline (sham-block group). The cross-sectional area (CSA), nerve blood flow (NBF), and shear wave velocity (SWV) of the sciatic nerve (SWVN), SWV of the biceps femoris muscle (SWVM), and their ratio (SWVNMR) were measured at 0, 30, 60, and 90 min after the nerve block as well as the change rate of each parameter from the baseline. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic value of each parameter in the prediction of nerve block success. No significant changes were observed in the CSA or NBF in association with the nerve block. The SWVN and SWVNMR in the nerve-block group were significantly higher than those in the sham-block group at 90 min and at 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively (p < 0.05). The change rates of SWVN and SWVNMR in the nerve-block group were significantly higher than those in the sham-block group at all time points (p < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that SWVN had a moderate diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve [AUC], 0.779), whereas SWVNMR and change rates of SWVN and SWVNMR had a high diagnostic accuracy (AUC, 0.947, 0.998, and 1.000, respectively). Ultrasonographic evaluation of the SWVN and SWVNMR could be used as indicators for predicting nerve block success.
Defect in cytosolic Neu2 sialidase abrogates lipid metabolism and impairs muscle function in vivo
Authors: Oh Mijung , Ha Dae-In , Son Chaeyeon , Kang Jeong Gu , Hwang Heeyoun , Moon Su Bin , Kim Minjeong , Nam Jihae , Kim Jung Soo , Song Sang Yong , Kim Yong-Sam , Park Sangwoo , Yoo Jong Shin , Ko Jeong-Heon , Park Kyoungsook 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSialic acid (SA) is present in glycoconjugates and important in cell–cell recognition, cell adhesion, and cell growth and as a receptor. Among the four mammalian sialidases, cytosolic NEU2 has a pivotal role in muscle and neuronal differentiation in vitro. However, its biological functions in vivo remain unclear due to its very low expression in humans. However, the presence of cytoplasmic glycoproteins, gangliosides, and lectins involved in cellular metabolism and glycan recognition has suggested the functional importance of cytosolic Neu2 sialidases. We generated a Neu2 knockout mouse model via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering and analyzed the offspring littermates at different ages to investigate the in vivo function of cytosolic Neu2 sialidase. Surprisingly, knocking out the Neu2 gene in vivo abrogated overall lipid metabolism, impairing motor function and leading to diabetes. Consistent with these results, Neu2 knockout led to alterations in sialylated glycoproteins involved in lipid metabolism and muscle function, as shown by glycoproteomics analysis.
Salivary protein 7 of the brown planthopper functions as an effector for mediating tricin metabolism in rice plants
Authors: Gong Gu , Yuan Long-Yu , Li Yi-Feng , Xiao Hang-Xiang , Li Yan-Fang , Zhang Yang , Wu Wei-Jian , Zhang Zhen-Fei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is an important pest that affects rice (Oryza sativa) production in Asia. The flavone tricin (5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxy flavone) is a valuable secondary metabolite commonly found in rice plants that can defend rice plants against infestation by BPH. BPH damage can reduce the metabolic level of tricin in rice. Our preliminary transcriptome research results showed that BPH salivary protein 7 (NlSP7), is highly responsive to tricin stimuli. However, the function of NlSP7 in mediating the interaction between the rice plant and the BPH is unknown. In this study, we cloned the NlSP7 gene in N. lugens and found that its mRNA level was greater in the presence of high tricin content than low tricin content, regardless of whether the BPHs were fed a rice plant diet or an artificial diet containing 100 mg/L tricin. Knocking down NlSP7 resulted in BPH individuals spending more time in the non-penetration and pathway phase, and less time feeding on the phloem of rice plants. These changes decreased BPH food intake, feeding behavior, and fitness, as well as the tricin content of the rice plants. These findings demonstrate that the salivary protein 7 of BPH functions as an effector for tricin metabolism in rice.
Atomic-scale insights on the formation of ordered arrays of edge dislocations in Ge/Si(001) films via molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Barbisan Luca , Marzegalli Anna , Montalenti Francesco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHeteroepitaxial films of Ge on Si(001) are receiving wide attention due to several possible applications in micro- and opto-electronics. Understanding the dynamic behavior of linear defects, such as dislocations, is key. They are unavoidably present in such systems due to the lattice mismatch between the two materials, and can directly influence devices performances. It has been experimentally demonstrated more than fifteen years ago that a suitable choice of the growth parameters allows for the formation of a nicely ordered net of $$90^{\circ }$$

90
∘

dislocations at the Ge/Si interface, improving the overall film quality and strain relaxation uniformity. Atomic-scale details on the set of mechanisms leading to such an outcome are however still missing. Here we present a set of classical molecular dynamics simulations shedding light on the full set of microscopic processes driving to the experimentally observed array of linear defects. This includes simple gliding of $$60^{\circ }$$

60
∘

dislocations and vacancy-promoted climbing and gliding. The importance of the particular experimental conditions, involving a low-temperature stage followed by an increase in temperature, is highlighted.
Spin–orbit coupling in buckled monolayer nitrogene
Authors: Jureczko Paulina , Kurpas Marcin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBuckled monolayer nitrogene has been recently predicted to be stable above the room temperature. The low atomic number of nitrogen atom suggests, that spin–orbit coupling in nitrogene is weak, similar to graphene or silicene. We employ first principles calculations and perform a systematic study of the intrinsic and extrinsic spin–orbit coupling in this material. We calculate the spin mixing parameter $$b^2$$

b
2

, reflecting the strength of the intrinsic spin–orbit coupling and find, that $$b^2$$

b
2

is relatively small, on the order of $$10^{-6}$$

10

-
6

. It also displays a weak anisotropy, opposite for electrons and holes. To study extrinsic effects of spin–orbit coupling we apply a transverse electric field enabling spin–orbit fields $$\Omega$$
Ω
. We find, that $$\Omega$$
Ω
are on the order of a single $$\mu$$
μ
eV in the valence band, and tens to a hundred of $$\mu$$
μ
eV in the conduction band, depending on the applied electric field. Similar to $$b^2$$

b
2

, $$\Omega$$
Ω
is also anisotropic, in particular for the conduction electrons.
The role of forest structure and composition in driving the distribution of bats in Mediterranean regions
Authors: Novella-Fernandez Roberto , Juste Javier , Ibañez Carlos , Nogueras Jesús , Osborne Patrick E. , Razgour Orly 
Published: February 2022

AbstractForests are key native habitats in temperate environments. While their structure and composition contribute to shaping local-scale community assembly, their role in driving larger-scale species distributions is understudied. We used detailed forest inventory data, an extensive dataset of occurrence records, and species distribution models integrated with a functional approach, to disentangle mechanistically how species-forest dependency processes drive the regional-scale distributions of nine forest specialist bats in a Mediterranean region in the south of Spain. The regional distribution patterns of forest bats were driven primarily by forest composition and structure rather than by climate. Bat roosting ecology was a key trait explaining the strength of the bat-forest dependency relationships. Tree roosting bats were strongly associated with mature and heterogeneous forest with large trees (diameters > 425 mm). Conversely, and contrary to what local-scale studies show, our results did not support that flight-related traits (wing loading and aspect ratio) drive species distributional patterns. Mediterranean forests are expected to be severely impacted by climate change. This study highlights the utility of disentangling species-environment relationships mechanistically and stresses the need to account for species-forest dependency relationships when assessing the vulnerability of forest specialists towards climate change.
Detection method for transparent window cleaning device, image processing approach
Authors: Lee Jiseok , Chae Hobyeong , Kim KyungMin , Kim Hwa Soo , Seo TaeWon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent years, there has been an increase in the number of high-rise buildings, and subsequently, the interest in external wall cleaning methods has similarly increased. While a number of exterior wall cleaning robots are being developed, a method to detect contaminants on the exterior walls is still required. The exteriors of most high-rise buildings today take the form of a window curtain-wall made of translucent glass. Detecting dust on translucent glass is a significant challenge. Here, we have attempted to overcome this challenge using image processing, inspired by the fact that people typically use just the ‘naked eye’ to recognize dust on windows. In this paper, we propose a method that detects dust through simple image processing techniques and estimates its density. This method only uses processing techniques that are not significantly restricted by global brightness and background, making it easily applicable in outdoor conditions. Dust separation was performed using a median filter, and dust density was estimated through a mean shift analysis technique. This dust detection method can perform dust separation and density estimation using only an image of the dust on a translucent window with blurry background.
An immune-related lncRNA model for predicting prognosis, immune landscape and chemotherapeutic response in bladder cancer
Authors: Hou Jian , Liang Songwu , Xie Zhimin , Qu Genyi , Xu Yong , Yang Guang , Tang Cheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in cancer immunity. We characterized the clinical significance of an immune-related lncRNA model and evaluated its association with immune infiltrations and chemosensitivity in bladder cancer. Transcriptome data of bladder cancer specimens were employed from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Dysregulated immune-related lncRNAs were screened via Pearson correlation and differential expression analyses, followed by recognition of lncRNA pairs. Then, a LASSO regression model was constructed, and receiver operator characteristic curves of one-, three- and five-year survival were established. Akaike information criterion (AIC) value of one-year survival was determined as the cutoff of high- and low-risk subgroups. The differences in survival, clinical features, immune cell infiltrations and chemosensitivity were compared between subgroups. Totally, 90 immune-related lncRNA pairs were identified, 15 of which were screened for constructing the prognostic model. The area under the curves of one-, three- and five-year survival were 0.806, 0.825 and 0.828, confirming the favorable predictive performance of this model. According to the AIC value, we clustered patients into high- and low-risk subgroups. High-risk score indicated unfavorable outcomes. The risk model was related to survival status, age, stage and TNM. Compared with conventional clinicopathological characteristics, the risk model displayed higher predictive efficacy and served as an independent predictor. Also, it could well characterize immune cell infiltration landscape and predict immune checkpoint expression and sensitivity to cisplatin and methotrexate. Collectively, the model conducted by paring immune-related lncRNAs regardless of expressions exhibits a favorable efficacy in predicting prognosis, immune landscape and chemotherapeutic response in bladder cancer.
PacBio long-read amplicon sequencing enables scalable high-resolution population allele typing of the complex CYP2D6 locus
Authors: Charnaud Sarah , Munro Jacob E. , Semenec Lucie , Mazhari Ramin , Brewster Jessica , Bourke Caitlin , Ruybal-Pesántez Shazia , James Robert , Lautu-Gumal Dulcie , Karunajeewa Harin , Mueller Ivo , Bahlo Melanie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe CYP2D6 enzyme is estimated to metabolize 25% of commonly used pharmaceuticals and is of intense pharmacogenetic interest due to the polymorphic nature of the CYP2D6 gene. Accurate allele typing of CYP2D6 has proved challenging due to frequent copy number variants (CNVs) and paralogous pseudogenes. SNP-arrays, qPCR and short-read sequencing have been employed to interrogate CYP2D6, however these technologies are unable to capture longer range information. Long-read sequencing using the PacBio Single Molecule Real Time (SMRT) sequencing platform has yielded promising results for CYP2D6 allele typing. However, previous studies have been limited in scale and have employed nascent data processing pipelines. We present a robust data processing pipeline “PLASTER” for accurate allele typing of SMRT sequenced amplicons. We demonstrate the pipeline by typing CYP2D6 alleles in a large cohort of 377 Solomon Islanders. This pharmacogenetic method will improve drug safety and efficacy through screening prior to drug administration.
ATase inhibition rescues age-associated proteotoxicity of the secretory pathway
Authors: Murie Maeghan , Peng Yajing , Rigby Michael J. , Dieterich Inca A. , Farrugia Mark A. , Endresen Andreas , Bhattacharyya Anita , Puglielli Luigi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMalfunction of autophagy contributes to the progression of many chronic age-associated diseases. As such, improving normal proteostatic mechanisms is an active target for biomedical research and a key focal area for aging research. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-based acetylation has emerged as a mechanism that ensures proteostasis within the ER by regulating the induction of ER specific autophagy. ER acetylation is ensured by two ER-membrane bound acetyltransferases, ATase1 and ATase2. Here, we show that ATase inhibitors can rescue ongoing disease manifestations associated with the segmental progeria-like phenotype of AT-1 sTg mice. We also describe a pipeline to reliably identify ATase inhibitors with promising druggability properties. Finally, we show that successful ATase inhibitors can rescue the proteopathy of a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. In conclusion, our study proposes that ATase-targeting approaches might offer a translational pathway for many age-associated proteopathies affecting the ER/secretory pathway.
Design and degradation of permanently porous vitamin C and zinc-based metal-organic framework
Authors: Tajnšek Tia K. , Svensson Grape Erik , Willhammar Tom , Antonić Jelić Tatjana , Javornik Uroš , Dražić Goran , Zabukovec Logar Nataša , Mazaj Matjaž 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBioapplication is an emerging field of metal-organic frameworks (MOF) utilization, but biocompatible MOFs with permanent porosity are still a rarity in the field. In addition, biocompatibility of MOF constituents is often overlooked when designing bioMOF systems, intended for drug delivery. Herein, we present the a Zn(II) bioMOF based on vitamin C as an independent ligand (bioNICS-1) forming a three-dimensional chiral framework with permanent microporosity. Comprehensive study of structure stability in biorelavant media in static and dynamic conditions demonstrates relatively high structure resistivity, retaining a high degree of its parent specific surface area. Robustness of the 3D framework enables a slow degradation process, resulting in controllable release of bioactive components, as confirmed by kinetic studies. BioNICS-1 can thus be considered as a suitable candidate for the design of a small drug molecule delivery system, which was demonstrated by successful loading and release of urea—a model drug for topical application—within and from the MOF pores.
Lokale und Metastasen-gerichtete Therapieoptionen beim oligometastasierten Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Püllen Lukas , Sprave Tanja , Hadaschik Boris , Wiegel Thomas 
Published: February 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Weiterentwicklung systemischer Therapiekonzepte beim metastasierten Prostatakarzinom haben in der jüngeren Vergangenheit zu einer deutlichen Prognoseverbesserung geführt. Inwieweit durch lokale und/oder gezielte Metastasen-gerichtete Therapien neben Palliation, lokaler Kontrolle und Funktionserhalt ein zusätzlicher prognostischer Nutzen besteht, war lange unklar. Für die lokale Therapie der Prostata besteht aktuell die höchste Evidenz für die Strahlentherapie und zeigt bei „niedriger Metastasen-Tumorlast“ oligometastasierter Patienten einen signifikanten Überlebensvorteil. Metastasen-gerichtete operative oder radioonkologische Konzepte zeigen ebenfalls Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Prognose auf, sind bislang aber noch unzureichend untersucht und sollten daher immer individuell und interdisziplinär diskutiert, dokumentiert und etabliert werden.
Biomechanische Parameter der Hornhaut als Biomarker beim primären Offenwinkelglaukom und Normaldruckglaukom
Authors: Pillunat Karin R. , Herber Robert , Pillunat Lutz E. 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungSeit der Möglichkeit, biomechanische Eigenschaften der Hornhaut in vivo vermessen zu können, ist auch das wissenschaftliche und klinische Interesse hinsichtlich einer Veränderung dieser
Parameter bei Glaukom stetig gestiegen. Diese Parameter könnten mögliche Biomarker zur Früherkennung einerseits und Hinweis auf eine gesteigerte Vulnerabilität des Gewebes hinsichtlich eines
individuell zu hohen oder schwankenden Augeninnendrucks, einer okulären Minderdurchblutung oder Perfusionsdruckschwankungen andererseits aufzeigen. Die Messung und Interpretation dieser
Parameter führt zu verbesserten individuellen Behandlungsstrategien.
arthritis + rheuma
Authors: Strangfeld Anja , Bauhammer Jutta 
Published: February 2022

Liebe Leser*innen der ersten Ausgabe der arthritis + rheuma im Jahr 2022,dieses Heft befasst sich mit Themen, welche in der Behandlung von älteren und hochbetagten Patienten von Bedeutung sind. Die zunehmende Zahl an älteren Menschen ist ein wichtiger Faktor im demografischen Wandel. Die Daten des statistischen Bundesamtes (2022) zeigen für Deutschland einen deutlichen Anstieg der über 65-jährigen Menschen von 12 Millionen im Jahr 1991 auf 18,3 Millionen im Jahr 2020. Sie stellen damit ein Fünftel der Bevölkerung. Eine verhältnismäßig stark wachsende Gruppe älterer Menschen sind dabei die Hochbetagten, d. h. diejenigen ab einem Alter von 85 Jahren. Ihre Zahl betrug 2020 insgesamt 2,5 Millionen. Aus dieser positiven Entwicklung erwachsen neue Herausforderungen für die Gesellschaft und speziell das Gesundheitssystem.