bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging Materials and Designs for Low‐ and Multi‐Band Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers: The Search for Dielectric and Magnetic Synergy?
Authors: Cheng Junye , Zhang Huibin , Ning Mingqiang , Raza Hassan , Zhang Deqing , Zheng Guangping , Zheng Qingbin , Che Renchao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVigorous development of 5G communication technologies can boost mobile networks yet bring in electromagnetic interferences and safety concerns in utilizing electronic devices. Particularly, 5G network can not only involve a low‐frequency band of n78 (3.3–3.8 GHz) but also cover multi‐frequency bands of n77 (3.3–4.2 GHz) and n79 (4.4–5.0 GHz), displaying multiple electromagnetic radiations. Countless efforts have been devoted to investigating electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers with low‐ and multi‐band absorption properties. However, in terms of emerging materials and designs, few reports propose the mechanisms related to those properties. This perspective briefly reviews the impressive achievements of low‐ and multi‐frequency EMW absorbers and analyzes the design strategies that may enable low‐ and multi‐frequency absorption. Furthermore, the cutting‐edge mechanisms of corresponding electromagnetic responses, such as Snoek limit, quarter wavelength, and dielectric‐magnetic synergy effects are elaborated. Thus, this perspective can shed light on the new trends and ongoing challenges for EMW absorbers and further promote their practical application.
Photodetectors Based on Lead Sulfide Quantum Dot and Organic Absorbers for Multispectral Sensing in the Visible to Short‐Wave Infrared Range
Authors: Pejović Vladimir , Georgitzikis Epimitheas , Lieberman Itai , Malinowski Paweł E. , Heremans Paul , Cheyns David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultispectral imaging in short‐wave infrared (SWIR) is a powerful analytical technique because of the distinctive spectral properties of many materials in this range. However, conventional SWIR image sensors are beyond the reach of many applications due to their high price. Image sensors based on colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are expected to deliver affordable infrared image sensors to wider application scope. So far, the demonstrated CQD image sensors do not have a multispectral capability. Here, a dual‐band photodetector based on PbS CQDs is presented. By engineering the surface of CQDs, two oppositely facing pn junctions are fabricated in series, which enable sensing in two spectral channels. Furthermore, an optical cavity is designed that reduces the spectral crosstalk between the two channels and simultaneously enables wavelength‐tunability in one channel. Finally, an organic photodiode (OPD) is integrated with a PbS CQD photodiode in a single device, leveraging a high sensitivity in visible and near‐infrared (NIR) characteristics for OPDs. The presented photodetectors exhibit low dark current below 500 nA cm−2 at 1 V bias, a fast response measured in microseconds, as well as high external quantum efficiency, reaching 70% in NIR and 30% in SWIR.
In Situ Cross‐Linked Plastic Crystal Electrolytes for Wide‐Temperature and High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Aoxuan , Geng Shouxian , Zhao Zhengfei , Hu Zhenglin , Luo Jiayan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries has been significantly hampered mainly due to the poor electrolyte–electrode compatibility, narrow operating temperature range, and stringent safety concerns of conventional electrolytes. Here, an in situ cross‐linked plastic crystal‐based electrolyte (CPCE) with an optimized composition design is proposed. Based on the interaction of succinonitrile (SN) and ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) with polar carbonyl groups, CPCE delivers well‐tuned energy levels and a concentrated coordination structure, leading to an improved electrochemical window and stable electrode–electrolyte interface. In addition, the crystallization of SN molecules is also inhibited, ensuring suitable ion migration in bulky CPCE over a wide temperature range. Moreover, both the nonleakage of cross‐linked ETPTA and the nonflammability of the plastic crystal electrolyte (PCE) further reinforce the safety of CPCE. As a result, the well‐designed CPCE achieves high ion conductivity with a wide electrochemical window (≈5.4 V vs Li+/Li) and a broad operating temperature range (−20 to 100 °C). It also delivers dendrite‐free lithium plating with high Coulombic efficiency of up to ≈99.1%. The Cu|CPCE|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 anode‐free pouch cell exhibits high energy density (≈1520 Wh L‐1) and high safety during abuse tests. This study paves a new pathway to realize the practical application of high‐energy‐density lithium metal battery energy storage systems.
Ultrathin Van der Waals Antiferromagnet CrTe3 for Fabrication of In‐Plane CrTe3/CrTe2 Monolayer Magnetic Heterostructures
Authors: Yao Jie , Wang Han , Yuan Bingkai , Hu Zhenpeng , Wu Changzheng , Zhao Aidi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUltrathin van der Waals (vdW) magnets are heavily pursued for potential applications in developing high‐density miniaturized electronic/spintronic devices as well as for topological physics in low‐dimensional structures. Despite the rapid advances in ultrathin ferromagnetic vdW magnets, the antiferromagnetic counterparts, as well as the antiferromagnetic junctions, are much less studied owing to the difficulties in both material fabrication and magnetism characterization. Ultrathin CrTe3 layers have been theoretically proposed to be a vdW antiferromagnetic semiconductor with intrinsic intralayer antiferromagnetism. Herein, the epitaxial growth of monolayer (ML) and bilayer CrTe3 on graphite surface is demonstrated. The structure, electronic and magnetic properties of the ML CrTe3 are characterized by combining scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and non‐contact atomic force microscopy and confirmed by density functional theory calculations. The CrTe3 MLs can be further utilized for the fabrication of a lateral heterojunction consisting of ML CrTe2 and ML CrTe3 with an atomically sharp and seamless interface. Since ML CrTe2 is a metallic vdW magnet, such a heterostructure presents the first in‐plane magnetic metal–semiconductor heterojunction made of two vdW materials. The successful fabrication of ultrathin antiferromagnetic CrTe3, as well as the magnetic heterojunction, will stimulate the development of miniaturized antiferromagnetic spintronic devices based on vdW materials.
Active Ultrahigh‐Q (0.2 × 106) THz Topological Cavities on a Chip
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Gupta Manoj , Pitchappa Prakash , Tan Thomas Caiwei , Chattopadhyay Udvas , Ducournau Guillaume , Wang Nan , Chong Yidong , Singh Ranjan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRapid scaling of semiconductor devices has led to an increase in the number of processor cores and integrated functionalities onto a single chip to support the growing demands of high‐speed and large‐volume consumer electronics. To meet this burgeoning demand, an improved interconnect capacity in terms of bandwidth density and active tunability is required for enhanced throughput and energy efficiency. Low‐loss terahertz silicon interconnects with larger bandwidth offer a solution for the existing inter‐/intrachip bandwidth density and energy‐efficiency bottleneck. Here, a low‐loss terahertz topological interconnect–cavity system is presented that can actively route signals through sharp bends, by critically coupling to a topological cavity with an ultrahigh‐quality (Q) factor of 0.2 × 106. The topologically protected large Q factor cavity enables energy‐efficient optical control showing 60 dB modulation. Dynamic control is further demonstrated of the critical coupling between the topological interconnect–cavity for on‐chip active tailoring of the cavity resonance linewidth, frequency, and modulation through complete suppression of the back reflection. The silicon topological cavity is complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)‐compatible and highly desirable for hybrid electronic–photonic technologies for sixth (6G) generation terahertz communication devices. Ultrahigh‐Q cavity also paves the path for designing ultrasensitive topological sensors, terahertz topological integrated circuits, and nonlinear topological photonic devices.
Antibacterial and antioxidant phenolic compounds loadedPCLbiocomposites for active food packaging application
Authors: Diken Mehmet Emin , Koçer Kizilduman Berna , Doğan Serap , Doğan Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractActive food packages must not only act as a protective food barrier but also exhibit radical scavenging activity, antibacterial and controlled release properties that can have a positive effect on food quality, safety and shelf life. In this study, poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/ferulic acid (FA) and PCL/gallic acid (GA) biocomposites were prepared by melt blending method to use in active food packaging applications. The physicochemical properties of the prepared biocomposites were investigated by FTIR‐ATR, SEM, and DMA. In addition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, water contact angle, oscillation test and water vapor transmission rate of biocomposites were also investigated. FTIR‐ATR and SEM results showed that both fillers were well dispersed in the PCL matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed to examine the mechanical behavior of the samples and to determine theirTgtemperatures. The biocomposites exhibited a higher storage modulus and loss modulus than pure PCL. Especially, the glass transition temperature of the PCL/FA sample containing 5 wt.% FA increased 17°C compared to the neat PCL. They exhibited high‐scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals, and showed high‐antibacterial activity against bothE. coliandS. aureusbacteria.
Multidomain cognitive dysfunction after minor stroke suggests generalized disruption of cognitive networks
Authors: Marsh Elisabeth B. , Khan Sheena , Llinas Rafael H. , Walker Keenan A. , Brandt Jason 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough small strokes typically result in “good” functional outcomes, significant cognitive impairment can occur. This longitudinal study examined a cohort of patients with minor stroke to determine the pattern of deficits, evolution over time, and factors associated with outcome.MethodsPatients admitted to the hospital with their first clinical minor stroke (NIH Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≤ 10, absence of severe hemiparesis, aphasia, or neglect) were assessed at 1 month post‐infarct, and a subset were followed over time (with 6‐ and 12‐month evaluations). Composite scores at each time point were generated for global cognition, verbal memory, spatial memory, motor speed, processing speed, and executive function. Paired t‐tests evaluated change in scores over time. Regression models identified factors associated with initial performance and better recovery.ResultsEighty patients were enrolled, evaluated at 1 month, and prospectively followed. The average age of the participants was 62.3 years, and mean education was 13.5 years. The average stroke volume was 6.6 cc; mean NIHSS score was 2.8. At 1 month, cognitive scores were below the normative range and > 1 standard deviation below the patient's peak (“recovery”) score for every cognitive domain, strongly suggesting that they were well below patients’ prestroke baselines. Forty‐eight patients followed up at 6 months, and 39 at 12 months. Nearly all (98%) patients significantly improved in global cognition (averaged across domains) between 1 and 6 months. Between 6 and 12 months, recovery was variable. Higher education, occupational class, and Caucasian race were associated with higher recovery scores for most domains.ConclusionsCognitive impairment across multiple domains is common following minor stroke regardless of infarct location, suggesting a global process such as network dysfunction that improves over 6 months. Degree of recovery can be predicted using baseline factors.
Effectiveness and Safety of Extended Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kang Hye‐Rim , Lo‐Ciganic Wei‐Hsuan , DeRemer Christina E. , Dietrich Eric A. , Huang Pei‐Lin , Park Haesuk 
Published: April 2022

Limited real‐world evidence exists for effectiveness and safety of extended oral anticoagulation beyond 6 months of initial treatment in prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and adverse major bleeding events among patients with VTE. Using MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases (2013–2019), we conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the risk of recurrent VTE and major bleeding events during extended treatment among patients with VTE who completed the 6‐month initial treatment and received extended oral anticoagulant treatment with apixaban, warfarin, or no extended treatment. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards modeling with inverse probability treatment weighting. We identified 14,818 patients with extended treatment of apixaban (n = 4,338), warfarin (n = 5,298), or no extended treatment (n = 5,182). Compared with no extended treatment, apixaban use was associated with decreased risk of recurrent VTE (HR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.26) without increased risk of major bleeding events (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.52–2.17); warfarin use was associated with decreased risk of recurrent VTE (HR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.12–0.44) but with increased risk of major bleeding events (HR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.51–4.59). Compared with warfarin, apixaban use was associated with decreased risk of major bleeding events (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22–0.80) but no difference in risk of recurrent VTE (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.15–1.36). In a real‐world clinical setting, extended anticoagulation with apixaban or warfarin was associated with decreased risk of recurrent VTE compared with no extended treatment, and apixaban had a better safety profile with fewer major bleeding events compared with warfarin among commercially insured patients with VTE.
Regionalization strategy affects the determinants of fish community structure
Authors: Baldan Damiano , Chattopadhyay Somsubhra , Prus Paweł , Funk Andrea , Keller Agata , Piniewski Mikołaj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFreshwater bioassessment programmes yield valuable information for assessing the diversity and distribution of freshwater organisms and can be related to environmental variables through the use of multivariate methods. Regionalization and subsetting strategies are widely used in this regard, but the effects on the discerned relationships are largely unexplored. In this paper, we used a partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) to investigate the influence of different environmental variables on (i) fish community structure, (ii) the explanatory power of spatial and environmental variables, and (iii) ranking of the most relevant variables for the fish community structure in Poland. We performed the analysis at the national level and for different regionalization/subsetting strategies based on hydrography (coarse resolution: river basins, fine resolution: water regions), topography, biogeography and fish‐based river typology. Depth, slope and sediment type were three most relevant predictors at the national level and for the majority of subsets. However, compared to the national level, a significant misalignment in predictors rankings was found for a large fraction of the identified subsets. Overall, river basin subsetting provided limited gain in information compared to the national level, while water region subsetting yielded higher variability in the predictive capacity of the pRDA models and increased the share of variance explained by spatial pattern which might obscure environmental effects. Thus, it is recommended to use biotic relevant subsetting methods based on elevation or fish indicators to better capture the variability of the dataset and provide simple and informative relationships between the fish community structure and the environmental variables.
Modelling the systematics of cosmogenic nuclide signals in fluvial sediments following extreme events
Authors: Schide Katherine , Gallen Sean F. , Lupker Maarten 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe effect of punctuated mass‐wasting events on longer‐term erosion rates is not fully understood, and yet it is key to quantifying sediment generation, source‐to‐sink dynamics, and landscape evolution in active orogens. The measurement of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCNs) in river sediments is a common method for determining basin‐averaged erosion rates over centennial to millennial timescales and is often used to compare erosional processes between catchments. However, these comparisons often overlook the role of landsliding rates and their spatial distribution in the measurement and potential variability of TCN signals. While it is widely accepted that basin‐scale perturbations should temporarily dilute TCN concentrations as landsliding mobilizes new, low‐concentration material, the impact of the catastrophic release of hillslope sediment caused by a single event on TCN signatures has not yet been systematically investigated. In this modelling study, we use a catchment in central Nepal to build upon previous modelling efforts to consider how TCNs are recorded in landscapes with varying erosion rates, landsliding rates, and spatial distribution of landslides. We then use the 25 April 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal, as a case study to investigate how perturbations like earthquakes are recorded in TCN time series and transferred to and ultimately archived in the sedimentary record. We find that the likelihood of a perturbation being measured by TCN dilution is based on a multitude of factors, including background erosion rates, long‐term landsliding rates, and the connectivity of newly released material to the fluvial system. Especially in landscapes like the central Himalaya with high background erosion and landsliding rates, changes in detrital TCN concentrations are not a reliable indicator of an upstream perturbation, nor should we expect a clear dilution signal following a major event. Our modelling results emphasize that TCN dilution is not a universal characteristic of high‐magnitude landslide‐triggering events.
Streamlined subglacial bedform sensitivity to bed characteristics across the deglaciated Northern Hemisphere
Authors: McKenzie Marion A. , Simkins Lauren M. , Principato Sarah M. , Munevar Garcia Santiago 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStreamlined subglacial bedforms observed in deglaciated landscapes provide the opportunity to assess the sensitivity of glacier dynamics to bed characteristics across broader spatiotemporal scales than is possible for contemporary glacial systems. While many studies of streamlined subglacial bedforms rely on manual mapping and qualitative (i.e., visual) assessment, we semi‐automatically identify 11,628 sedimentary and bedrock bedforms, created during and following the Last Glacial Maximum across nine geologically and topographically diverse deglaciated sites in the Northern Hemisphere. Using this large dataset of landforms and associated morphometrics, we empirically test the importance of subglacial terrain on bedform morphology and ice‐flow behavior. A minimum bedform length–width ratio threshold provides a constraint on minimum morphometrics needed for streamlined bedforms to develop. Similarities in bedform metric distribution regardless of bed properties indicate that all bed types may support similar distributions of warm‐based ice flow conditions. Ice flow within valleys with easily erodible beds host the most elongate bedforms yet the widest range in bedform elongation and bedform surface relief. The presence of these highly elongate bedforms suggest high ice‐flow velocities occur within valley settings despite spatially heterogeneous landform‐generating processes. In contrast, lithified sedimentary beds within regions not constrained by topography on the scale of 1–102 km contain bedforms with high density and packing, low change in surface relief and low elongation, indicating spatially uniform and organized interactions at the ice–bed interface and consistency in ice‐flow velocity. Regardless of genesis, we find a sensitivity of bedform elongation (i.e., used to interpret ice‐flow speed or persistence) to topographic conditions on the scale of 1–102 km, while bedform density is sensitive to bed lithology. The findings presented in this study provide analogues for processes of subglacial erosion and deposition, ice–bed interactions and warm‐based ice flow within contemporary glacial systems.
Annealing optimization of graphitized Co3O4@CuO@NiO composite electrodes for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Obodo Raphael M. , Mbam Sylvester M. , Iwueke David C. , Ramzan Muhamed , Ijeh Rufus , Ahmad Ishaq , Maaza Maalik , Ezema Fabian I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent times, carbon‐based material has received a keen interest in the fabrication of electrodes because it enhances the performance of energy storage devices. Amalgamated composites of three transition metals (Co3O4@CuO@NiO) and graphene oxide (GO) were fabricated employing the hydrothermal method. The performance of some fabricated electrodes was optimized by annealing using various temperatures, examined for supercapacitor application using a three‐electrode system. Our results indicate that Co3O4@CuO@NiO‐amalgamated electrode optimized using 100°C temperature shows enhanced features compared to deposited and other samples annealed at various temperatures. These discoveries also showed that Co3O4@CuO@NiO‐amalgamated electrode optimized using 100°C temperature delivered a specific capacitance of 1312 F/g from cyclic voltammetry analysis using 10.0 mV/s scan rate and 1258 F/g from galvanostatic charge–discharge analysis using 1.0 A/g current density. The cycling stability of electrodes annealed at 100°C was 92.5% after 10 000 cycles, indicating that annealing at 100°C enriched electrode characteristics.
Duoethnography as Transformative Praxis: Conversations about Nourishment and Coercion in the COVID‐Era Academy
Authors: Valdez Natali , Carney Megan , Yates‐Doerr Emily , Saldaña‐Tejeda Abril , Hardin Jessica , Garth Hanna , Galvez Alyshia , Dickinson Maggie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the feminist praxis of duoethnography as a way to examine the COVID era. As a group of diverse, junior, midcareer, and senior feminist scholars, we developed a methodology to critically reflect on our positions in our institutions and social worlds. As a method, duoethnography emphasizes the dialogical intimacy that can form through anthropological work. While autoethnography draws on individual daily lives to make sense of sociopolitical dynamics, duoethnography emphasizes the relational character of research across people and practices. Taking the relational aspects of knowledge production seriously, we conceptualized this praxis as a transformative method for facilitating radical empathy, mobilizing our collective voice, and merging together our partial truths. As collective authors, interviewers, and interlocutors of this article, the anonymity of duoethnography allows us to vocalize details of the experience of living through COVID‐19 that we could not have safely spoken about publicly or on our own.