bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative method to grow the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in the omega3-rich microalga Isochrysis galbana
Authors: Colantoni Eleonora , Palone Francesca , Cesi Vincenzo , Leter Beatrice , Sugoni Giulia , Laudadio Ilaria , Negroni Anna , Vitali Roberta , Stronati Laura 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicroalgae are natural sources of valuable bioactive compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), that show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial activities. The marine microalga Isochrysis galbana (I. galbana) is extremely rich in ω3 PUFAs, mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Probiotics are currently suggested as adjuvant therapy in the management of diseases associated with gut dysbiosis. The Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), one of the most widely used probiotics, has been shown to produce multiple beneficial effects on host health. The present study aimed to present an innovative method for growing the probiotic L. reuteri in the raw seaweed extracts from I. galbana as an alternative to the conventional medium, under conditions of oxygen deprivation (anaerobiosis). As a result, the microalga I. galbana was shown for the first time to be an excellent culture medium for growing L. reuteri. Furthermore, the gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry analysis showed that the microalga-derived ω3 PUFAs were still available after the fermentation by L. reuteri. Accordingly, the fermented compound (FC), obtained from the growth of L. reuteri in I. galbana in anaerobiosis, was able to significantly reduce the adhesiveness and invasiveness of the harmful adherent-invasive Escherichia coli to intestinal epithelial cells, due to a cooperative effect between L. reuteri and microalgae-released ω3 PUFAs. These findings open new perspectives in the use of unicellular microalgae as growth medium for probiotics and in the production of biofunctional compounds.
Preservation of the inferior mesenteric artery in laparoscopic nerve-sparing colorectal surgery for endometriosis
Authors: Scioscia Marco , Huscher Cristiano G. S. , Brusca Federica , Marchegiani Francesco , Cannone Rossella , Brasile Orsola , Greco Pantaleo , Scutiero Gennaro , Anania Gabriele , Pontrelli Giovanni 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLaparoscopic rectosigmoid resection for endometriosis is usually performed with the section of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) distal to the left colic artery (low-tie ligation). This study was to determine outcomes in IMA-sparing surgery in endometriosis cases. A single-center retrospective study based on the analysis of clinical notes of women who underwent laparoscopic rectosigmoid segmental resection and IMA-sparing surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis with bowel involvement between March the 1st, 2018 and February the 29th, 2020 in a referral hospital. During the study period, 1497 patients had major gynecological surgery in our referral center, of whom 253 (17%) for endometriosis. Of the 100 patients (39%) who had bowel endometriosis, 56 underwent laparoscopic nerve-sparing rectosigmoid segmental resection and IMA-sparing surgery was performed in 53 cases (95%). Short-term complications occurred in 4 cases (7%) without any case of anastomotic leak. Preservation of the IMA in colorectal surgery for endometriosis is feasible, safe and enables a tension-free anastomosis without an increase of postoperative complication rates.
Spectral Resolution Development in Children With Normal Hearing and With Cochlear Implants: A Review of Behavioral Studies
Authors: Jahn Kelly N. , Arenberg Julie G. , Horn David L. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
This review article provides a theoretical overview of the development of spectral resolution in children with normal hearing (cNH) and in those who use cochlear implants (CIs), with an emphasis on methodological considerations. The aim was to identify key directions for future research on spectral resolution development in children with CIs.

Method:
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize and synthesize previously published behavioral research on spectral resolution development in normal and impaired auditory systems.

Conclusions:
In cNH, performance on spectral resolution tasks continues to improve through the teenage years and is likely driven by gradual maturation of across-channel intensity resolution. A small but growing body of evidence from children with CIs suggests a more complex relationship between spectral resolution development, patient demographics, and the quality of the CI electrode–neuron interface. Future research should aim to distinguish between the effects of patient-specific variables and the underlying physiology on spectral resolution abilities in children of all ages who are hard of hearing and use auditory prostheses.
Minimum Data Set for Families of Children With Hearing Loss: An eDelphi Study
Authors: Nickbakht Mansoureh , Meyer Carly , Beswick Rachael , Scarinci Nerina 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:Assessing the unique needs of each family following the diagnosis of a hearing loss is central to the delivery of family-centered hearing health care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a Minimum Data Set (MDS) that could be used in the design of a needs assessment tool for families of children with hearing loss transitioning to early intervention.Method:A list of potential items for the MDS was prepared. In a two-round electronic Delphi study in Australia, hearing researchers (N= 15 in Round 1;N= 9 in Round 2), clinicians, and professionals working in early intervention for children with hearing loss (N= 85) were asked to review the potential items and to rate the importance of items using a Likert scale.Results:Consensus was reached on 32 main items to be included in the MDS across six categories, including informational support (13 items), professional support (five items), peer support (one item), skills and knowledge (seven items), financial support (three items), and methods of information provision (three items). Eight optional items that could be considered for inclusion in the MDS were also identified.Conclusions:The proposed MDS could support hearing professionals in identifying families' needs in order to provide individualized information and support. Future research is needed to conduct a pilot study to evaluate the needs assessment tool in terms of usability, feasibility, and therapeutic effects.
A dual‐curl antenna with coplanar feedline for sequential rotation
Authors: Hirose Kazuhide , Ito Naonoshin , Nakano Hisamatsu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing the method of moments, a dual‐wire antenna with a single balanced feed is proposed. To enlarge a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth, non‐resonant radiation elements and a coplanar feedline for sequential rotation (SR) are used. It is revealed that the bandwidth reaches 49%, which is 1.7 times as wide as that without SR. Subsequently, the balanced feed is transformed into a quasi‐balanced one to consider voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). It is found that the VSWR remains less than two in the axial ratio bandwidth. Simulated results are verified with experimental ones.
Silicon and zinc nanoparticles-enriched miscanthus biochar enhanced seed germination, antioxidant defense system, and nutrient status of radish under NaCl stress
Authors: Taqdees Zuhha , Khan Javairia , Khan Waqas-ud-Din , Kausar Salma , Afzaal Muhammad , Akhtar Imran 
Published: February 2022

Context Soil salinity mitigation with nanoparticles enriched biochar (Bc) can be a better strategy to resolve the uprising threat against food security. Aim The present study was designed to prepare silicon nanoparticles enriched biochar (Si-En-Bc) and zinc nanoparticles enriched biochar (Zn-En-Bc), which may not only reduced the toxic effects of NaCl stress on initial growth of radish crop but also improved its physiology and defensive mechanism. Method Seeds were germinated in pots with six treatments under normal and NaCl stress, (100 mM NaCl), Zn-En-Bc (1% w/w), and Si-En-Bc (1% w/w). Twenty days old seedlings were harvested and their fresh weight and various germination and biochemical parameters were tested. Key results A significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents was observed with Si-En-Bc + NaCl relative to NaCl stress. It might be due to the significant increase in the antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) (42%), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (38.7%), catalase (CAT) (30.9%) and shoot phenolics (59%) with Si-En-Bc + NaCl over NaCl stress. Application of Zn-En-Bc also caused a maximum increase in root and shoot Zn concentration (76.8 and 54.9%, respectively) under NaCl stress. Conclusions Hence, Si-En-Bc proved to be the best treatment for the radish plant to complete its early growth stage under NaCl stress while Zn-En-Bc not only compensated NaCl stress but also enhanced Zn availability. Implications This study implies that Si-En-Bc or Zn-En-Bc should be applied to the salt affected soil before the crop sowing so seedling can grow under the ameliorative effects of applied amendments. Also, Si-En-Bc or Zn-En-Bc should be tested on a degraded soils at larage scale such as field level.
Sharing ‘memories’ on Instagram
Authors: Annabell Taylor 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines the performance of remembered experience within sharing in-the-moment carried out by young women on Instagram. I propose that the small stories analytical framework provides a way to examine at a micro level sharing of ‘memories’ online by addressing practices of selecting the past, showing and telling the past and interacting with the past in digital traces. For digital memory studies, this moves beyond a focus on affordances and infrastructure transformed memory and the examination of how people engage with memories that have been predefined. The analysis demonstrates how the performance of remembered experience is displayed and positioned across the interplay of past, present and future. Young women’s sharing in-the-moment reconfigures the function and meanings of ‘memories’ beyond the platform’s mobilisation of the term. It is part of how they express feelings and experiences about their unfolding lives.
Encircling exceptional points of Bloch waves: mode conversion and anomalous scattering
Authors: Elbaz Guy , Pick Adi , Moiseyev Nimrod , Shmuel Gal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The normal modes of nonconservative systems coalesce at the so-called exceptional points (EPs) of their spectrum. These degeneracy points are the source of unusual phenomena, some of which are accessed by encircling the points in a suitable space. Here, we encircle the EPs of the transfer matrix of a periodic laminate, using a spatial perturbation in its stiffness. We investigate how, collectively, mode conversion in the laminate and the fields it scatters depend on the parameters of the loop. We find that the starting point of the loop has a significant effect on various counterintuitive phenomena: it determines if the laminate acts as a source or a sink of energy; how mode conversion takes place; if the reflectance is greater than one; and if there is spatial asymmetry in the energy flow with respect to the direction of the incident waves. Our findings are relevant for the development of devices for elastic wave manipulation.
Self-assembly of colloidal cube superstructures with critical Casimir attractions
Authors: Kennedy Chris L , Sayasilpi Daphne , Schall Peter , Meijer Janne-Mieke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The structure of self-assembled materials is determined by the shape and interactions of the building blocks. Here, we investigate the self-assembly of colloidal ‘superballs’, i.e. cubes with rounded corners, by temperature-tunable critical Casimir forces to obtain insight into the coupling of a cubic shape and short range attractions. The critical Casimir force is a completely reversible and controllable attraction that arises in a near-critical solvent mixture. Using confocal microscopy and particle tracking, we follow the self-assembly dynamics and structural transition in a quasi-2D system. At low attraction, we observe the formation of small clusters with square symmetry. When the attraction is increased, a transition to a rhombic Λ1-lattice is observed. We explain our findings by the change in contact area at faces and corners of the building blocks combined with the increase in attraction strength and range of the critical Casimir force. Our results show that the coupling between the rounded cubic shape and short-range attraction plays a crucial role for the superstructures that form and provide new insights for the active assembly control of micro and nanocubes.
Predicting strain and stress fields in self-sensing nanocomposites using deep learned electrical tomography
Authors: Chen Liang , Hassan Hashim , Tallman Tyler N , Huang Shan-Shan , Smyl Danny 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Conductive nanocomposites, enabled by their piezoresistivity, have emerged as a new instrument in structural health monitoring. To this end, studies have recently found that electrical resistance tomography (ERT), a non-destructive conductivity imaging technique, can be utilized with piezoresistive nanocomposites to detect and localize damage. Furthermore, by incorporating complementary optimization protocols, the mechanical state of the nanocomposites can also be determined. In many cases, however, such approaches may be associated with high computational cost. To address this, we develop deep learned frameworks using neural networks to directly predict strain and stress distributions—thereby bypassing the need to solve the ERT inverse problem or execute an optimization protocol to assess mechanical state. The feasibility of the learned frameworks is validated using simulated and experimental data considering a carbon nanofiber plate in tension. Results show that the learned frameworks are capable of directly and reliably predicting strain and stress distributions based on ERT voltage measurements.
Isotope removal experiment in JET-ILW in view of T-removal after the 2nd DT campaign at JET
Authors: Wauters T , Matveev D , Douai D , Banks J , Buckingham R , Carvalho I S , de la Cal E , Delabie E , Dittmar T , Gaspar J , Huber A , Jepu I , Karhunen J , Knipe S , Maslov M , Meigs A , Monakhov I , Neverov V S , Noble C , Papadopoulos G , Pawelec E , Romanelli S , Shaw A , Sheikh H , Silburn S , Widdowson A , Abreu P , Aleiferis S , Bernardo J , Borodin D , Brezinsek S , Buermans J , Card P , Carvalho P , Crombe K , Dalley S , Dittrich L , Elsmore C , Groth M , Hacquin S , Henriques R , Huber V , Jacquet P , Jiang X , Jones G , Keeling D , Kinna D , Kirov K , Kovari M , Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E , Kukushkin A B , Kumpulainen H , Litherland-Smith E , Lomas P , Loarer T , Lowry C , Manzanares A , Patel A , Peacock A , Petersson P , Petrella N , Pitts R A , Romazanov J , Rubel M , Siren P , Smart T , Solano E R , Štancar Ž , Varje J , Whitehead A , Wiesen S , Zerbini M , Zlobinski M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A sequence of fuel recovery methods was tested in JET, equipped with the ITER-like beryllium main chamber wall and tungsten divertor, to reduce the plasma deuterium concentration to less than 1% in preparation for operation with tritium. This was also a key activity with regard to refining the clean-up strategy to be implemented at the end of the 2nd DT campaign in JET (DTE2) and to assess the tools that are envisaged to mitigate the tritium inventory build-up in ITER. The sequence began with 4 days of main chamber baking at 320 °C, followed by a further 4 days in which Ion Cyclotron Wall Conditioning (ICWC) and Glow Discharge Conditioning (GDC) were applied with hydrogen fuelling, still at 320 °C, followed by more ICWC while the vessel cooled gradually from 320 °C to 225 °C on the 4th day. While baking alone is very efficient at recovering fuel from the main chamber, the ICWC and GDC sessions at 320 °C still removed slightly higher amounts of fuel than found previously in isotopic changeover experiments at 200 °C in JET. Finally, GDC and ICWC are found to have similar removal efficiency per unit of discharge energy. The baking week with ICWC and GDC was followed by plasma discharges to remove deposited fuel from the divertor. Raising the inner divertor strike point up to the uppermost accessible point allowed local heating of the surfaces to at least 800 °C for the duration of this discharge configuration (typically 18 s), according to infra-red thermography measurements. In laboratory thermal desorption measurements, maintaining this temperature level for several minutes depletes thick co-deposit samples of fuel. The fuel removal by 14 diverted plasma discharges is analysed, of which 9, for 160 s in total, with raised inner strike point. The initial D content in these discharges started at the low value of 3%–5%, due to the preceding baking and conditioning sequence, and reduced further to 1%, depending on the applied configuration, thus meeting the experimental target.
Half-cycle and unipolar pulses (Topical Review)
Authors: Arkhipov Rostislav , Arkhipov Mikhail , Pakhomov Anton , Babushkin Ihar , Rosanov Nikolay 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Unipolar pulses have a nonzero electric pulse area (integral of the electric field strength with respect of time in a given point of space). Due to unidirectional action on charges they can be an efficient tool for ultrafast control of wave packet dynamics in matter, charges acceleration and so one. In this paper, we briefly revise recent advances (including the results obtained by the authors) in optics of extremely-short unipolar half-cycle pulses.
Explaining the lack of power degradation of energy confinement in wide pedestal quiescent H-modes via transport modeling
Authors: Houshmandyar Saeid , Burrell K.H. , Grierson B.A. , McClenaghan J. , Staebler G.M. , Chrystal C. , Halfmoon M.R. , Hatch D.R. , Zeng L. , Austin M.E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wide pedestal quiescent H (WPQH)-mode is an attractive scenario for future burning plasmas as they operate without ELMs. WPQH is characterized by formation of a wider and higher pedestal (than quiescent H-mode), and broadband fluctuations in the pedestal. Unlike conventional H-modes, where the energy confinement time reduces with increasing heating power, the WPQH plasmas reported in this paper do not show power degradation of the energy confinement. As the injected neutral beam power was increased, reduced core (ρ ⩽ 0.45) transport calculated by transp, as well as increased core temperatures, pressure gradient and diamagnetic
E
×
B
shear rate were observed. The reduction in the heat transport and rapid decrease in the ion temperature gradient scale length suggest the formation of an ion internal transport barrier (ITB) that was accompanied by increased stored energy in the core. Quasilinear turbulent transport modeling using the trapped gyro Landau fluid (tglf) code was used to predict the ITB and its turbulence stability properties. By using profiles and equilibria produced by matching the transp transport fluxes with the tglf transport model within the tgyro transport solver, the energy confinement time captures the experimentally observed insensitivity to the increased P
NBI. Linear stability analysis reveals that drift-wave instabilities in the core are stabilized by
E
×
B
shear, T
i/T
e ratio and Shafranov shift; the latter was found to have the strongest effect on the turbulence suppression at the highest heating level.
Dynamical equivalence classes for Markov jump processes
Authors: Verley Gatien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Two different Markov jump processes driven out of equilibrium by constant thermodynamic forces may have identical current fluctuations in the stationary state. The concept of dynamical equivalence classes emerges from this statement as proposed by Andrieux for discrete-time Markov chains on simple graphs. We define dynamical equivalence classes in the context of continuous-time Markov chains on multigraphs using the symmetric part of the rate matrices that define the dynamics. The freedom on the skew-symmetric part is at the core of the freedom inside a dynamical equivalence class. It arises from different splittings of the thermodynamic forces onto the system’s transitions.
Viscous control of minimum uncertainty state in hydrodynamics
Authors: Koide T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A minimum uncertainty state for position and momentum of a fluid element is obtained. We consider a general fluid described by the Navier–Stokes–Korteweg (NSK) equation, which reproduces the behaviors of a standard viscous fluid, a fluid with the capillary action and a quantum fluid, with the proper choice of parameters. When the parameters of the NSK equation is adjusted to reproduce Madelung’s hydrodynamic representation of the Schrödinger equation, the uncertainty relation of a fluid element reproduces the Kennard and the Robertson–Schrödinger inequalities in quantum mechanics. The derived minimum uncertainty state is the generalization of the coherent state and its uncertainty is given by a function of the shear viscosity. The viscous uncertainty can be smaller than the inviscid minimum value when the shear viscosity is smaller than a critical value which is similar in magnitude to the Kovtun–Son–Starinets bound. This uncertainty reflects the information of the fluctuating microscopic degrees of freedom in the fluid and will modify the standard hydrodynamic scenario, for example, in heavy-ion collisions.
The influence of the spatial parameters of the laser beam on the track shape in laser metal deposition
Authors: Zavalov Y N , Dubrov A V , Dubrov V D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effect of laser beam focusing parameters on the bead shape in laser metal deposition technology (LMD) is under consideration. The cross-sections of beads formed at different distances between the focus position and the base surface at the plane of the maximum flow density of the gas-powder mixture is obtained. Changing the laser beam’s focusing parameters is shown to vary the shape of the bead and the depth in the LMD technology at constant values of power, scanning speed, and powder consumption.
Gradient estimates for bounded solutions of semilinear elliptic equations and the Allen-Cahn equation on manifolds
Authors: Abolarinwa A. , Edeki S. O. , Oladejo N. K. , Ogundile O.P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper aims at deriving apriori bounds on the gradient of positve solutions to a class of semilinear elliptic equation, with applications focusing on establishing a liouville type property for the bounded solutions of the Allen-Cahn equation on a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature.
A numerical technique for solving infectious disease model
Authors: Magani J.K. , Ogundile O. P. , Edeki S. O. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the medical aspect of life, there are multiple ways of formulating a model that can be used to determine if a disease will become a pandemic or an epidemic. In this research, we discussed how we could use the numerical approach by applying the revised SEQIuIdRF (Susceptible, Exposed, Quarantined, Infected undetected, Infected detected, Recovered, and Failed) model to control or contain an infectious disease (COVID-19) by applying the effective contact rate. MATLAB software was used to solve the SEQIuIdRF model by considering population growth, mortality rate, infection rate, disease-induced death, failed treatment rate, and recovery rate, which gave pictographic diagrams of the increase and decrease of the infectious disease in the community.
SAM approximate solutions of some evolution equations
Authors: Edeki S. O. , Udjor V. O. , Akinlabi G.O. , Achudume C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Successive Approximation Method (SAM) is introduced in this research to solve the evolution equations. These approximate-analytical solutions of the considered cases are computed with ease. The proposed technique is used directly, without transformation, discretization, linearization, or any restrictive assumptions.