bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and predictors of pericardial effusion requiring invasive treatment following heart valve surgery
Authors: Borregaard Britt , Sibilitz Kirstine Lærum , Weiss Marc Gjern , Ekholm Ola , Lykking Emilie Karense , Nielsen Stine Nørris , Riber Lars Peter , Dahl Jordi Sanchez , Moller Jacob Eifer 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo describe the occurrence of significant pericardial effusion, and to investigate characteristics associated with pericardial effusion within three months following heart valve surgery.MethodsA retrospective, observational cohort study including adult patients undergoing heart valve surgery at Odense University Hospital from August 2013 to November 2017. Data were gathered from The Western Denmark Heart Registry and electronic patient records.Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the associations between characteristics associated with significant pericardial effusion during index admission and within 3 months. Results are presented as HR with 95% CI.ResultsIn total, 1460 patients were included (70% men, median age 71 years (IQR 63–76)) and of those, n=230 patients (16%) developed significant pericardial effusion.EuroScore II was significantly associated with an increased risk of pericardial effusion during index admission and associated with a lower risk following discharge (index admission HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.08, after discharge HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.92). Increasing age (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98 per year) and concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting versus isolated valve surgery (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.97) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of pericardial effusions in both periods. Being a man (HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.01) and aortic valve disease versus mitral valve disease (HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.90) were significantly associated with an increased risk after discharge.ConclusionSignificant pericardial effusions requiring drainage were present in 16% of cases following heart valve surgery, and different clinical characteristics were associated with the development of effusion.
Persisting Effects of a Social Media Campaign to Prevent Indoor Tanning: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Buller David B. , Pagoto Sherry , Henry Kimberly L. , Baker Katie , Walkosz Barbara J. , Hillhouse Joel , Berteletti Julia , Bibeau Jessica , Kinsey Alishia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
A social media campaign for mothers aimed at reducing indoor tanning (IT) by adolescent daughters reduced mothers' permissiveness toward IT in an immediate posttest. Whether the effects persisted at 6 months after the campaign remains to be determined.

Methods:
Mothers (N = 869) of daughters ages 14–17 in 34 states without bans on IT by minors were enrolled in a randomized trial. All mothers received an adolescent health campaign over 12 months with posts on preventing IT (intervention) or prescription drug misuse (control). Mothers completed a follow-up at 18 months post-randomization measuring IT permissiveness, attitudes, intentions, communication, and behavior, and support for state bans. Daughters (n = 469; 54.0%) just completed baseline and follow-up surveys.

Results:
Structural equation modeling showed that intervention-group mothers were less permissive of IT by daughters [unstandardized coefficient, −0.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.31 to −0.03], had greater self-efficacy to refuse daughter's IT requests (0.17; 95% CI, 0.06–0.29) and lower IT intentions themselves (−0.18; 95% CI, −0.35 to −0.01), and were more supportive of bans on IT by minors (0.23; 95% CI, 0.02–0.43) than control-group mothers. Intervention-group daughters expressed less positive IT attitudes than controls (−0.16; 95% CI, 0.31 to −0.01).

Conclusions:
The social media campaign may have had a persisting effect of convincing mothers to withhold permission for daughters to indoor tan for 6 months after its conclusion. Reduced IT intentions and increased support for bans on IT by minors also persisted among mothers.

Impact:
Social media may increase support among mothers to place more restrictions on IT by minors.
Body Mass Index and Association With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease – A STABILITY Substudy
Authors: Held Claes , Hadziosmanovic Nermin , Aylward Philip E. , Hagström Emil , Hochman Judith S. , Stewart Ralph A. H. , White Harvey D. , Wallentin Lars 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
The obesity paradox states that patients with higher body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular disease may experience better prognosis. However, this is less clear in patients with coronary heart disease.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The prospective STABILITY (Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy) trial included 15 828 patients with stable coronary heart disease with 3 to 5 years’ follow‐up on optimal secondary preventive treatment. BMI was measured at baseline (n=15 785). Associations between BMI and cardiovascular outcomes were evaluated by Cox regression analyses with multivariable adjustments. Mean age was 64±9 years and 19% women. Most risk markers (diabetes, hypertension, inflammatory biomarkers, triglycerides) showed a graded association with higher BMI. The frequency of smoking, levels of high‐density lipoprotein, growth differentiation factor 15, and NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) were higher at lower BMI. Low BMI (<20 kg/m
2
; n=244 [1.5%]) was associated with doubled risk of total death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.27; 95% CI, 1.60–3.22), cardiovascular death (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.46–3.49), and heart failure (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.35–4.68) compared with BMI of 25 to <30 kg/m
2
(n=6752 [42.8%]) as reference. Similarly, high BMI of ≥35 kg/m
2
(n=1768 [11.2%]) was associated with increased risk of the same outcomes. A BMI between 20 and <25 kg/m
2
was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.03–1.54) and total death (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03–1.42).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with stable coronary heart disease showed a graded increase in cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk factors with increasing BMI category >25 kg/m
2
. All‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were lowest at BMI of 25 to 35 kg/m
2
. Underweight with BMI of <20 kg/m
2
and very high BMI of ≥35 kg/m
2
were strong risk markers for poor prognosis.

REGISTRATION

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/
; Unique identifier NCT00799903.
A Time to Mourn, and a Time to Menstruate?
Authors: Whitekettle Richard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Deuteronomy 21:10–14 describes a procedure which was to be followed if an Israelite man wanted to make a female captive his wife. The month-long period of time mentioned in v. 13 is stated to be the length of time the female captive mourned for her father and mother. It has, however, been argued that the month-long period of time also served as a way to determine if the woman was already pregnant. A robust case can be made, however, that this was not the case. The month was, in fact, a time for the woman to mourn, and to make the transition from being a captive, non-Israelite/foreign, daughter, to being a free, non-foreign/Israelite, wife.
When the Medium Is Not the Message
Authors: Wilhelmsen Fredrik 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
While much academic effort has been devoted to exploring various aspects of right-wing extremist lone-actor terrorism, little attention has been devoted to establishing how the terrorists create meaning by locating themselves within a larger narration of history. This article tries to fill this gap, by analysing the conceptions of history and the historical narratives evoked in the manifestos that the right-wing extremist perpetrators uploaded online in relation to the terrorist attacks in Norway on July 22, 2011 and in Christchurch, New Zealand March 15, 2019. Employing a combination of discourse and narrative analysis, the article argues that a shared fascist ‘regime of historicity’ may be identified in the manifestos. Furthermore, it places the narratives found in the manifestos in relation to different right-wing extremist virtual communities.
Early Spanish Intruders in China: The 1579 Mission of Pedro de Alfaro, O.F.M., Reconsidered
Authors: Iaccarino Ubaldo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In 1579, four years after the visit of the Augustinian missionaries Martín de Rada and Jerónimo Marín to Fujian, a new group of Spanish friars reached China from the Philippines. The mission of Pedro de Alfaro, O.F.M., has generally been dismissed as a useless attempt to break the spiritual monopoly of the Society of Jesus in East Asia, which was perceived as an attempt to put at risk the careful labor of the first generation of Jesuit “giants.” However, as this study shows, the arrival of the Franciscans in Guangzhou cannot be simply regarded as a reckless behavior to “smuggle” the Gospel in China by means of some local Cantonese convert. Alfaro and his brethren pursued a specific goal, which was related to the recent achievements of Spanish diplomacy. Rather than Guangdong, they tried to reach the coast of Fujian (Chincheo), to carry on the mission of the Augustinians, who had visited Fuzhou in 1575. With the indirect support of some local encomenderos, the Franciscans intended to take advantage of the words of “friendship” expressed by Governor Liu Yaohui and other Mandarins to Rada and his fellows. Through a comparative analysis of European and Chinese coeval sources, notably some unpublished letters and reports, this article offers a reinterpretation of the aims and results of the Alfaro mission, shedding new light on a well-known but not yet fully explored page of the history of the early Christian presence in China.
Foodways, Missionaries, and Culinary Accommodation in the Mariana Islands (1668–74)
Authors: Peña Filiu Verónica 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Jesuits played a vital role in the diffusion of crops, animals, agricultural practices, and eating manners throughout the early modern world. In the Mariana Islands (western Pacific), the arrival of the first missionaries in 1668 entailed the introduction of new foods and food-related material culture deemed necessary to establish a self-sufficient mission. However, during the first six years of the mission (1668–74), the resistance and opposition of the native inhabitants—the CHamoru people—to the Jesuits’ activities, the unreliability of maritime trade routes, the conflicts that arose inside the Society of Jesus, and the tensions between the Jesuits and the Spanish colonial authorities affected missionaries’ expectations regarding diet and cuisine. This article explores the strategies that the Jesuit missionaries followed to adjust their foodways to the social and physical environment of the Mariana Islands and pays attention to the process whereby local foods were adopted. In that sense, it argues that culinary accommodation—or “gastronomic accommodation” as defined by Cristina Osswald—was both a common practice to overcome the lack of Iberian resources and a political strategy to ease tensions and forge alliances with the indigenous population.
Four AAs increase DMT1 abundance in duodenal brush-border membrane vesicles and enhance iron absorption in iron-deprived mice
Authors: Woloshun Regina R. , Yu Yang , Xu Xiaodong , Lee Jennifer K. , Zhu Sean , Shine Jacob S. , Ebea Pearl , Stevens Bruce R. , Vidyasagar Sadasivan , Collins James F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Iron-deficiency anemia is common worldwide and typically treated by oral iron supplementation. Excess enteral iron, however, may cause pathological outcomes. Developing new repletion approaches is thus warranted. Previous experimentation revealed that select amino acids (AAs) induce trafficking of transporters onto the enterocyte brush-border membrane (BBM) and enhance electrolyte absorption/secretion. Here, we hypothesized that certain AAs would increase the abundance of the main intestinal iron importer, divalent metal-ion transporter 1 (DMT1), on the BBM of duodenal enterocytes, thus stimulating iron absorption. Accordingly, all 20 AAs were screened using an ex vivo duodenal loop/DMT1 western blotting approach. Four AAs (Asp, Gln, Glu, and Gly) were selected for further experimentation and combined into a new formulation. The 4 AAs stimulated 59Fe transport in mouse duodenal epithelial sheets in Ussing chambers (∼4-fold; P &lt; .05). In iron-deprived mice, oral intragastric administration of the 4 AA formulation increased DMT1 protein abundance on the enterocyte BBM by ∼1.5-fold (P &lt; .05). The 4 AAs also enhanced in vivo 59Fe absorption by ∼2-fold (P &lt; .05), even when ∼26 µg of cold iron was included in the transport solution (equal to a human dose of ∼73 mg). Further experimentation using DMT1int/int mice showed that intestinal DMT1 was required for induction of iron transport by the 4 AAs. Select AAs thus enhance iron absorption by inducing DMT1 trafficking onto the apical membrane of duodenal enterocytes. We speculate that further refinement of this new 4 AA formulation will ultimately allow iron repletion at lower effective doses (thus mitigating negative side effects of excess enteral iron).
Deep muscularis propria tumor invasion without lymph node metastasis as a unique subclassification of stage IB gastric cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: He Kang , Chen Cheng , Xia Lei , Si Lixiang , Pan Xiaohua , Sun Zijian , Wang Yajing , Jiang Yingying , Shi Yue , Zhou Bin , Wang Shuaiyu , Han Jing , Shen Bo , Zhou Guoren , Lu Jianwei , Wang Xiaohua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The prognosis difference based on the depth of tumor muscularis propria invasion in gastric cancer (GC) was still debated, and therapy strategy for stage IB GC patient required further investigation.

Methods
A total of 380 patients with pT2 GC after radical surgery were retrospectively analyzed, including 185 in superficial muscularis propria (sMP) group and 195 in deep muscularis propria (dMP) group.

Results
The overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients in sMP group than for patients in dMP group (P = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, depth of tumor invasion, pN stage, age, primary location, positive expression of p53, elevated maximal LDH, elevated initial CA19-9 and AFP level were independent prognostic factors for OS. The sMP group had a significantly better OS than dMP group (P = 0.014) in pN0 stage. After further stratification, the survival outcomes were not significantly different between deep muscularis propria tumor invasion without lymph node metastasis (dMPN0) group (stage IB) and superficial muscularis propria tumor invasion with stage 1–2 lymph node metastasis (sMPN1–2) group (stage II) (P = 0.100). Patients with adjuvant chemotherapy had a statistically better survival than those without in dMPN0 group (P = 0.045) and dMPN0 patients with adjuvant chemotherapy had better OS than sMPN1–2 patients (P = 0.015). In addition, greater postoperative survival could be observed in sMPN0 patients than dMPN0 patients in p53-positive group (P = 0.002), and similar OS could be seen between dMPN0 patients with p53-positive and T2N1–2 patients (P = 0.872).

Conclusion
As a unique subclassification of stage IB GC, appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered for patients with dMPN0 stage. In addition, positive expression of p53, elevated LDH could be potential factors in identifying the different prognoses for stage IB GC patients.
Prenatal care utilization in pregnant women who consider but do not have abortions
Authors: Toscano Marika , Wood Jillian , Spielman Sara , Ferri Rita , Whaley Natalie , Seligman Neil S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Over half of all pregnancies in the United States are unintended, and 18% result in termination of pregnancy (TOP). Some women seek TOP, but ultimately continue their pregnancy. Data are limited about their utilization of prenatal care and their perinatal outcomes. Our primary outcome was to investigate differences in guideline-based prenatal care utilization in women who consider but do not have an abortion.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of patients having obstetrical dating ultrasound (US) from 2011–2018 at a single academic medical center that offers TOP. Contemplators completed US with intention of TOP but instead continued the pregnancy to live birth. A 2:1 group of non-contemplators completed US and continued to live birth. A prenatal care utilization scoring system was used to compare groups. Secondary outcomes investigated differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and postpartum care.

Results
There were 94 contemplators and 183 non-contemplators. Inadequate prenatal care utilization initially was more common in contemplators than non-contemplators (62.8% vs 85.8%, p < 0.01) but was not significant after adjustment (aOR 1.0, 95% CI 0.40 – 2.56). There were no differences in adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes. Contemplators were significantly more likely to have a postpartum contraceptive method (PPCM) upon hospital discharge (aOR 4.8, 95% CI 1.16 – 20.0) and significantly more likely to use a highly-effective PPCM (aOR 6.4, 95% CI 2.34 – 17.4).

Conclusions
Reversal of intention for TOP is not associated with differences in prenatal care utilization, but is associated with increased uptake of postpartum contraceptive method.
Extracellular vesicles mediated proinflammatory macrophage phenotype induced by radiotherapy in cervical cancer
Authors: Ren Junli , Li Lili , Yu Baofeng , Xu Enwei , Sun Naiping , Li Xiaoning , Xing Zihan , Han Xiaodong , Cui Yaqin , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoxue , Wang Guoliang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy is a highly effective treatment for cervical cancer. Recent studies focused on the radiotherapy induced anti-tumor immunity. Whether tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play roles in radiotherapy induced tumor associated macrophage (TAM) polarization remains unclear.

Materials and Methods
This study analysed the phenotype of macrophages in cancer tissue and peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients using flow cytometry analysis. The role of EVs from plasma of post-irradiated patients on M2-like transformed macrophages was assessed. The M1- and M2-like macrophages were assessed by expression of cell surface markers (CCR7, CD163) and intracellular cytokines (IL-10, TNFα and iNOS). The capacity of phagocytosis was assessed by PD-1 expression and phagocytosis of pHrodo Red E. coli bioparticles.

Results
Our results demonstrated that radiotherapy of cervical cancer induced an increase in the number of TAMs and a change in their subtype from the M2-like to the M1-like phenotype (increased expression of CCR7 and decreased expression of CD163). The EVs from plasma of post-irradiated patients facilitated the M2-like to the M1-like phenotype transition (increased expression of CCR7, TNFα and iNOS, and decreased expression of CD163 and IL-10) and increased capacity of phagocytosis (decreased PD-1 expression and increased phagocytosis of pHrodo Red E. coli bioparticles).

Conclusions
Our data demonstrated that irradiation in cervical cancer patients facilitated a proinflammatory macrophage phenotype which could eventually able to mediate anti-tumor immune responses. Our findings highlight the importance of EV in the crosstalk of tumor cells and TAM upon irradiation, which potentially leading to an increased inflammatory response to cancer lesions.
The cost-effectiveness of antenatal and postnatal education and support interventions for women aimed at promoting breastfeeding in the UK
Authors: Mavranezouli Ifigeneia , Varley-Campbell Jo , Stockton Sarah , Francis Jennifer , Macdonald Clare , Sharma Sunita , Fleming Peter , Punter Elizabeth , Barry Charlotte , Kallioinen Maija , Khazaezadeh Nina , Jewell David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreastfeeding is associated with health benefits to mothers and babies and cost-savings to the health service. Breastfeeding rates in the UK are low for various reasons including cultural barriers, inadequate support to initiate and sustain breastfeeding, lack of information, or choice not to breastfeed. Education and support interventions have been developed aiming at promoting breastfeeding rates. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of such interventions for women, initiated antenatally or in the first 8 weeks postnatally, aiming at improving breastfeeding rates, in the UK.MethodsA decision-analytic model was constructed to compare costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of a breastfeeding intervention from the perspective of health and personal social services in England. Data on intervention effectiveness and the benefits of breastfeeding were derived from systematic reviews. Other model input parameters were obtained from published sources, supplemented by expert opinion.ResultsThe incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the modelled intervention added on standard care versus standard care was £51,946/QALY, suggesting that the intervention is not cost-effective under National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) criteria in England. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the cost-effectiveness of the intervention improved as its effectiveness increased and intervention cost decreased. At the base-case effect (increase in breastfeeding rates 16–26 weeks after birth by 19%), the intervention was cost-effective (<£20,000/QALY) if its cost per woman receiving the intervention became ≈£40–£45. At the base-case cost (£84), the intervention was cost-effective if it increased breastfeeding rates by at least 35–40%.ConclusionsAvailable breastfeeding interventions do not appear to be cost-effective under NICE criteria in England. Future breastfeeding interventions need to have higher effectiveness or lower cost compared with currently available interventions in order to become cost-effective. Public health and other societal interventions that protect, promote and support breastfeeding may be key in improving breastfeeding rates in the UK.
Met-RANTES preserves the blood–brain barrier through inhibiting CCR1/SRC/Rac1 pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice
Authors: Yan Jun , Xu Weilin , Lenahan Cameron , Huang Lei , Ocak Umut , Wen Jing , Li Gaigai , He Wei , Le Chensheng , Zhang John H. , Mo Ligen , Tang Jiping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundC–C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1) and its endogenous ligand, CCL5, participate in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases. However, much remains unknown regarding CCL5/CCR1 signaling in blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).MethodsA total of 250 CD1 male mice were used and ICH was induced via autologous whole blood injection. Either Met-RANTES, a selective CCR1 antagonist, or Met-RANTES combined with a Rac1 CRISPR activator was administered to the mice 1 h after ICH. Post-ICH assessments included neurobehavioral tests, brain water content, BBB integrity, hematoma volume, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. The CCR1 ligand, rCCL5, and SRC CRISPR knockout in naïve mice were used to further elucidate detrimental CCL5/CCR1/SRC signaling.ResultsBrain endogenous CCR1 and CCL5 were upregulated after ICH in mice with a peak at 24 h, and CCR1 was expressed in endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neurons. Met-R treatment reduced brain edema and neurobehavioral impairment, as well as preserved BBB integrity and tight junction protein expression in ICH mice. Met-R treatment decreased expression of p-SRC, Rac1, albumin, and MMP9, but increased claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 tight junction proteins after ICH. These effects were regressed using the Rac1 CRISPR activator. Administration of rCCL5 in naïve mice increased expression of p-SRC, Rac1, albumin, and MMP9, but decreased levels of claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 tight junction proteins. These effects in naïve mice were reversed with SRC CRISPR (KO).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that CCR5 inhibition by Met-R improves neurological deficits after ICH by preserving BBB integrity through inhibiting CCR1/SRC/Rac1 signaling pathway in mice. Thus, Met-R has therapeutic potential in the management of ICH patients.