bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Study - SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING: creating a sustainable urban area: An Efficient Transportation Network
Authors: Paul Debabrata , Osouli Vahid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For decades, transport has been seen as a connection to all aspects of life around the world. In such cases, the natural environment, social well-being, and economic development of the planet are usually dependent on transportation networks. In most cases, safe, clean, sustainable, and fair transportation systems allow countries, especially in cities and urban centers, to prosper. The aim of this paper is to improve the sustainability of a part of the city or a small town or towing. This report deals with the study of a network of the City of Bologna, Italy. The study focuses on the evaluation of the network, the area of the study area, also introduces some suggestions and solutions, that can improve the efficiency of the transit system. All analyses and guidance were based on the use of Openstreetmap (OSM) and SUMOPy tools that allowed the authors to produce the most reliable results. Artifacts are presented using a combination of graphical theory algorithms to obtain sustainable transportation using the example of a part of the City of Bologna, Italy.
Effectiveness of flipped teaching on the knowledge and self-efficacy of nursing personnel in aromatherapy: a quasi-experimental design
Authors: Chiu Ching-Wen , Liu Chieh-Hsing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Aromatherapy is effective in treating pain; however, aromatherapy is not offered in formal nursing education in Taiwan.
Methods
This study designed aromatherapy training courses for nurses using the flipped teaching approach and explored the effectiveness of the method, which can serve as a reference for future aromatherapy courses. A quasi-experimental design and convenience sampling were adopted.
Results
The participants were nurses who had been employed for over one year in two hospitals in Taiwan. In the experimental group, 40 participants received 2.5 hours of flipped teaching. In the control group, 40 participants received a one-hour traditional teaching course. Pre- and post-test knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy were assessed. There were no significant differences in the pre-test knowledge and self-efficacy scores between the two groups. The test was analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Post-test knowledge and self-efficacy results showed that the change in scores in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group, indicating that flipped teaching improved the participants’ knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy.
Conclusions
This study confirmed that flipped teaching was effective for helping nursing personnel learn aromatherapy. Implementation of aromatherapy by nurses in clinical practice and its impact on patient care should be further assessed.
The Function of Human Resource Management in Sustainable Future
Authors: Podbregar Iztok , Tot Tijana Savic , Tot Vilmoš , Ristić Marija Runić , Šprajc Polona 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: As the issue of organizational competitiveness and sustainability in today’s business environment becomes crucial in all markets, the need to implement the strategic role of human resource management function in organizations becomes a necessary prerequisite. The research problem defined by the authors refers to the definition of the roles that human management function performs in organizations in the Republic of Serbia in order to examine the level of representation of the strategic role of human resource management function as a prerequisite for sustainability. The main objective of this paper was to define the characteristics of each of the three roles that the human resource management function plays in organizations in Serbia. This will enable organizations to define more specifically the goals that need to be achieved in order to improve the role of the human resource management function from being administrative to operational and from operational to the strategic one, which is the basis for gaining a competitive advantage and sustainability.Results: The study findings showed that the administrative role of human resource management function is still mostly represented in the surveyed organizations in the Republic of Serbia, but that there are positive developments towards a more contemporary operational role as well as a strategic one which is the basis for achieving a competitive advantage and sustainability. Furthermore, the results of the research showed that there are certain specifics of all three examined roles of human resource management function. Overall, the study's findings revealed that the strategic role of human resource management function is still underdeveloped and neglected in order to be a source of competitive advantage and thus a foundation for sustainable business. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, the basic conclusion of this paper is that, first and foremost, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the situation in organizations, which would primarily refer to defining the role that the human resource management function plays in organizations in order to define further directions of development and transformation of the role as a basis for gaining a competitive advantage and sustainability.the authors proposed measures for upgrading of the role of human resource management function to the strategic role as the basis for gaining a competitive advantage and sustainability, defined the limitations of the study and suggested further research directions.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of equivalence ratio and heat losses on the homogeneous combustion characteristics of methane-air mixtures in millimeter-scale spaces
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Thermal quenching is the loss of energy generated by combustion through heat transfer out of the combustion region. With sub-millimetric dimensions, the high surface-area-to-volume ratios encourage thermal quenching, which must be overcome. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to understand the homogeneous combustion characteristics of methane-air mixtures in millimeter-scale spaces. The effects of equivalence ratio and heat transfer coefficient on flame stability are investigated. A dimensionless number analysis is performed to better understand the heat transfer characteristics of the homogeneous combustion system. The importance of heat loss on flame propagation and extinction is determined. The results indicate that the cavity structure can induce recirculation of hot products, thereby improving flame stability. The fuel-air equivalence ratio has a strong effect on flame stability. A critical issue of fuel-rich cases is the loss of combustion efficiency. The reduction in overall efficiency arises from heat loss in millimeter-scale spaces. Heat transfer through the structure, in addition to heat loss to the environment, has important effects on the stability and performance of micro-combustors and should be included when estimating micro-combustor performance. Homogeneous combustion systems with large dimensions lead to a delay in flame ignition and may cause blowout. Loss of flame stability due to external heat losses are main issues that require thermal management. Heat-insulating materials are favored to minimize external heat losses. Combustion at the microscale can offer many advantages. Faster ignition and more efficient heat transfer can be achieved, but the design is challenging due to the loss of flame stability.
New understanding of SPAG4 as a tumor marker: SPAG4 is a potential pan-cancer biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapy
Authors: Feng Wanjiang , Wang Guowei , Zhang Xiaobo , Cheng Sha , Song Xiaoyue , Zhang Pan , Wang Jianlong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Human sperm-associated antigen 4 (SPAG4), as a member of the cancer-testis antigen family , is considered to be a potential cancer marker. However, it is still unknown about the pathogenic role of SPAG4 in various cancers and whether SPAG4 acts through certain common molecular mechanisms in the immuno-oncological context of the tumor microenvironment, prognosis, and therapeutic response. Here, we explored the oncogenic role of SPAG4 in 33 human tumors based on TCGA and GEO databases using web-based tools such as TIMER2.0, GEPIA2, GSCA, TIDE, and Western Blot experiments. The results showed that SPAG4 was highly expressed in most tumor tissues and predicted a poor clinical prognosis. In addition, SPAG4 may be involved in tumorigenesis and development by affecting the activities of certain kinases on pathways such as FoxO and P53. Moreover, SPAG4 has an important role in the tumor microenvironment and is likely to be involved in the regulation of the immune microenvironment. Most importantly, SPAG4 expression was significantly associated with drug resistance and immune checkpoint blockade therapy in tumor patients, and could potentially mediate the occurrence of immune escape. In conclusion, our study strongly suggests that SPAG4 is an immune oncogenic molecule that can be used as a biomarker for cancer detection, prognosis, treatment design, and follow-up.
Assessing the Effect of Natural Forest Conversion to Coffee-Based Forest on Soil Carbon Stock at Anfilo District, West Ethiopia
Authors: Daka Yohannes Shifera 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Natural forest degradation for coffee management and intensification in natural forest has been playing a great role in affecting forest carbon (C) stock potential in western and southwestern Ethiopia which is not studied well. By considering this issue, the current study was conducted with the aim to assess the soil C stock changes as a result of conversion of natural forest to coffee-based forest at Anfilo District, western Ethiopia. The District is 642 km west of Addis Ababa. For the present study, two adjacent land uses, protected natural forest (PNF) (1,576 ha) and forest with coffee (FWC) (2,364 ha) were considered. In light of this, soil samples were collected for the analysis of C content and bulk density (BD). Soil samples were taken by using ‘‘X’’ design from land size of 1mx1m (four at corners for C content and one in the center for BD analysis) at two levels of soil depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) separately. Accordingly, a total of 120 soil samples (60 for C content and 60 for bulk density) were collected and taken to laboratory for the determination of C content and BD. Walkley-Black method was used to estimate soil C stock. Independent t –test was used to test for differences in soil C stocks at significant level of 0.05.Results: The findings of the present study revealed that significantly higher soil C stock was recorded for PNF (136.2 + 8.42 t C ha-1) than FWC (90.76 + 4.97 t C ha-1) (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study concluded that conversion of natural forest to coffee-based forest leads to a reduction of SOC by 33.4%, which is equivalent to the emission of about 166.613 t CO2 ha-1 to the atmosphere. Thus, maintaining and enhancing the soil carbon sequestration potential of this forest soil should be required through implementation of different conservation mechanisms.
Depicting polymorphism in eutectic mixtures
Authors: Singh Pawanpreet , Chadha Renu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
The present investigation unveils the existence of polymorphism in eutectic mixtures of linezolid with syringic acid, fumaric acid and isonicotinamide. This is a first of its kind study confirming polymorphism in binary mixtures.
Methods
Binary mixtures of linezolid with different coformers were obtained by co-grounding in 1:1 stiochiometeric ratios and their eutectic nature was established by DSC, FTIR and powder XRD. The polymorphism within these eutectic mixtures was characterized by endo-exo-endo trio in their DSC thermograms; further confirmed using HSM, QPA, SEM and NMR analytical techniques. Solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate were also ascertained for the prepared polymorphic eutectics and compared with the pure drug.
Results
Polymorphism was detected by the appearance of an exotherm in between the two melting endotherms in DSC thermogram. This endo-exo-endo trio represent the heat mediated polymorphic transformation within the eutectic mixtures. The behavior was supported by the real time visual HSM. The percentage weight fractions of individual components in different eutectic polymorphs were determined by QPA using powder XRD data and gives reasonable results. The morphology and surface changes of eutectic polymorphs were reviewed by means of SEM. Eutectic polymorphs of linezolid with isonicotinamide (untreated and heat treated polymorphs) exhibits the 5 fold increase in aqueous solubility and 4 times faster intrinsic dissolution rate compared to commercialized linezolid.
Conclusion
This study reveals the existence polymorphism in linezolid eutectic mixtures having higher solubility could prove to be promising in pre-formulation.
Cell Surface Markers and their Targeted Drugs in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Tianyun , Feng Huigen , Ma Yufei , Li Weidong , Ma Kai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women's health and its incidence is increasing. With the development of immunohistochemistry and gene expression microarray technology, the study of breast cancer typing has gradually matured, which has also contributed to the development of targeted therapy for breast cancer. At present, the popular breast cancer cell surface markers include: G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 [GPER-1], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER-2], epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor [C-Met], folate receptor-α [FRα], integrin, programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1], trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 [Trop-2], etc. Targeted drugs for breast cancer cell surface markers mainly include antibody drugs and small molecule inhibitor drugs, which exert anti-tumor activity by targeting receptors or ligands. This review summarizes the surface markers of breast cancer cells and their targeted drugs, hoping to provide new ideas for breast cancer targeted therapy.
An Immune-Suppressive Triterpenoid from the Roots of Kadsura coccinea
Authors: Tian Jiaxin , Li Kunyu , Ma Guanghai , Chen Gang , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Kadsura coccinea is a folk medicine from the family Schisandraceae. Clinically, it has been
used to treat many diseases like chronic gastritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lignans and triterpenes
are the main constituents of it. In this paper, phytochemical research on the root of K. coccinea was
carried out, leading to the isolation of a previously undescribed 3,4-secolanostane (1). Its structure was
established by means of comprehensive spectral analysis, including ECD calculation. Furthermore,
bioactivity assay revealed that 1 could elicit a moderate immune-suppressive activity, showing an IC50
value of 8.32 ± 0.13 μM against ConA-induced T-cell proliferation and with IC50 value of 15.58 ± 0.25
μM against LPS-induced B-cell proliferation. The results indicate that 1 might be used in the treatment
of rheumatic diseases.
Oxymatrine-induced Apoptosis in Fibroblasts like Synoviocytes via Regulation
of miR-146a/ TRAF6/JNK1 Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hong Hua , Li Jing 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is made when the synovial tissues and joints are destroyed
by the inflammation refection, especially the chronic inflammation. The RA-FLS was treated with
Oxymatrine, and the influence of miR-146a and TRAF6 /JNK pathway was explored.

Method:
Oxymatrine -treated RA-FLS were harvested to detect cell viability by CCK-8. The expression
of miR-146a was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, JNK1, and p-JNK1 was
obtained by Western blot.

Results:
The optimum oxymatrine concentration inhibiting RA-FLS was 4mg/ml at 48h. The expression
of miR-146a at 48h and 72h was higher than 0 and 24h in RA-FLS treated with 4mg/ml oxymatrine.
IRAK1, TRAF6, and p-JNK at 48h and 72h were lower than 0 and 24h in RA-FLS treated with 4mg/ml
oxymatrine. When the miR-146a was inhibited, the expression of miR-146a was very low in the miR-
146a inhibitor group. No matter whether oxymatrine existed, the expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, and p-
JNK in the miR-146a inhibitor group with or without oxymatrine was higher than the mock group, blank
group, and only oxymatrine added group. The cell viability in the miR-146a inhibitor group and oxymatrine
+ miR-146a inhibitor group was higher than in the other groups. When IRAK1 was over expressed,
the expression of miR-146a in the oxymatrine + IRAK1 overexpression group was higher than in
the IRAK1 overexpression group. However, The expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, and p-JNK1 in the
IRAK1 overexpression group with or without oxymatrine was higher than the pcDNA3.1 group, blank
group, and only oxymatrine added group. The cell viability in the IRAK1 overexpression group and oxymatrine
+ IRAK1 overexpression group was higher than in the other groups.

Conclusion:
Oxymatrine can inhibit RA-FLS proliferation via miR146a and IRAK1/TRAF6/JNK1 axis.
Hence, oxymatrine may be a drug or adjuvant drug to treat RA in the future.
Design and Synthesis of an Hsp90 and HDAC Dual Inhibitor as Antitumor
Agent
Authors: Wu Jiyong , Wang Dongbo , Nie Jing , Zhang Di , Sun Lei , Kan Shifeng , Xu Wei 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing, and cancer is still the leading
cause of death all over the world. Therefore, expanding the arsenal of anticancer drugs with high efficiency
and low toxicity is still one of the most challenging tasks. As a branch of antitumor drug design
and discovery, dual-targeting drug candidates draw extensive attention.

Objective::
In this work, we try to construct a multitarget drug candidate and evaluate its antitumor effects.

Methods:
Hsp90 and histone deacetylase were selected as two targets to design a dual targeting inhibitor
w11. Enzyme inhibition work, cell viability assay, and docking simulation were carried out to evaluate
the activity of the compound.

Results:
w11 could inhibit the activity of Hsp90α and HDAC6 with the IC50 of 50.1 nM and 8.1 nM,
respectively. In cell viability assay, five human tumor cell lines Eca-109, FaDu, HN6, MCF-7 and MDAMB-
231 were used, results showed that w11 could potently inhibit the proliferation of three human lines
with IC50 values in the nM range. Molecular docking experiments proved the rationality of structure design.

Conclusion:
Compound w11 was a potent Hsp90 and HDAC dual inhibitor for anticancer research.
Design, Synthesis, and Assay of New N-acyl-4-(4-aminoalkoxy- phenyl)-
thiazole-2-amine Derivatives as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Ma Zheng-Yue , Han Chuang , Shang Pan-Pan , Xu Yuan , Wei Ben-Ben , Guo Xin-Yuan , Jian Meng-Meng , Yang Kan 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Thiazoles are an important class of heterocyclic compounds with many biological
effects, including anticholinesterase activity.

Objective:
The purpose of this work was to synthesize new thiazole derivatives and evaluate as acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors (AChEIs) for Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods:
A series of new N-acyl-4-(4-aminoalkoxy-phenyl)-thiazole-2-amine derivatives was designed
and synthesized. Ellman assay protocol was used for the AchE and BuChE inhibitory activity. To correlate
better the drug-like property, the theoretical prediction was calculated using Mol inspiration software
2015 online. The potential binding mode of compounds with AChE and BuChE was investigated by the
molecular docking simulation.

Results:
All synthesized compounds exhibited a certain inhibitory activity on AChE and 5p had the most
effective selective inhibitory effect on AChE. The inhibitory form of 5p on AChE was shown to be a
combination of competitive and noncompetitive inhibition, according to enzyme kinetic tests. Docking
simulation studies revealed that the binding energy of 5p with AChE was lower than that of it with
BuChE, which also explained the selective inhibitory activity of 5p on AChE.

Conclusion:
These results provided valuable information for the design of potent AChEIs, and
it was believed that 5p could be a promising lead structure for its further development for the
treatment of AD.
The 100 Most-Cited Papers on Giant Cell Arteritis: A Bibliometric
Analysis
Authors: Micieli Jonathan A. , Xie Jim S. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) carries a significant risk of vascular and visual morbidity. Given its clinical importance, the 100 most frequently cited articles on GCA were sys-tematically identified and bibliometrically analyzed.

Methods:
All databases belonging to the Web of Science platform were searched for research arti-cles with no restriction on publication date. The distribution of papers among journals, countries of origin, and publication types were evaluated. The correlations between the year of publication with total number of citations and annual citation rate were also assessed.

Results:
The top 100 articles on GCA were published between 1946 and 2018 and were cited a median (range) of 229 (153-1751) times. The papers were published in 30 journals, including nine rheumatology journals (n= 45), seven general medical journals (n= 21), three ophthalmology jour-nals (n= 8), and eleven journals from other fields of research (n= 26). Based on corresponding au-thor affiliation, the articles originated from 13 countries, led by the US (n= 55), Spain (n= 12), and the UK (n= 11). Clinical studies (n= 73) and non-systematic reviews (n= 11) were the most com-mon publication types. The median (range) number of authors per article was 5 (1-44), and 73 indi-viduals had more than one authorship. Year of publication was significantly correlated with the an-nual citation rate (P<0.001) but not with the total number of citations (P= 0.487).

Conclusion:
This bibliometric analysis provides insight into the history and evolution of GCA research, highlighting some of the most influential contributions to the field. The latest landmark papers may not have been identified due to temporal constraints on citation accumulation.
Occupational Safety of Pregnant Health Care Workers at the time of
COVID-19
Authors: Mangla Mishu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is probably the biggest international crisis in Worldwar-
2. Health care workers are any country’s biggest asset at the time of coronavirus pandemic. A
pregnant health care worker involved in patient care may face multiple risks for herself and her foetus.
This article briefly discusses the problems faced by pregnant health care staff and works out
possible solutions for the same. Workplace health protection for herself and her unborn fetus is the
right of all pregnant health care workers and a uniform policy ensuring the same is the need of the
hour.