bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy for Patients With Treatment-Naive Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Randomized Phase III Trial (CHOICE-01)
Authors: Wang Zhijie , Wu Lin , Li Baolan , Cheng Ying , Li Xiaoling , Wang Xicheng , Han Liang , Wu Xiaohong , Fan Yun , Yu Yan , Lv Dongqing , Shi Jianhua , Huang Jianjin , Zhou Shaozhang , Han Baohui , Sun Guogui , Guo Qisen , Ji Youxin , Zhu Xiaoli , Hu Sheng , Zhang Wei , Wang Qiming , Jia Yuming , Wang Ziping , Song Yong , Wu Jingxun , Shi Meiqi , Li Xingya , Han Zhigang , Liu Yunpeng , Yu Zhuang , Liu An-Wen , Wang Xiuwen , Zhou Caicun , Zhong Diansheng , Miao Liyun , Zhang Zhihong , Zhao Hui , Yang Jun , Wang Dong , Wang Yingyi , Li Qiang , Zhang Xiaodong , Ji Mei , Yang Zhenzhou , Cui Jiuwei , Gao Beili , Wang Buhai , Liu Hu , Nie Lei , He Mei , Jin Shi , Gu Wei , Shu Yongqian , Zhou Tong , Feng Jian , Yang Xinmei , Huang Cheng , Zhu Bo , Yao Yu , Tang Xiongwen , Yu Jianjun , Maher Ellen , Feng Hui , Yao Sheng , Keegan Patricia , Wang Jie 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE The CHOICE-01 study investigated the efficacy and safety of toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (N = 465) with treatment-naive, advanced NSCLC without EGFR/ALK mutations were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive toripalimab 240 mg (n = 309) or placebo (n = 156) once every 3 weeks in combination with chemotherapy for 4-6 cycles, followed by the maintenance of toripalimab or placebo once every 3 weeks plus standard care. Stratification factors included programmed death ligand-1 expression status, histology, and smoking status. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by investigator per RECIST v1.1. Secondary end points included overall survival and safety. RESULTS At the final PFS analysis, PFS was significantly longer in the toripalimab arm than in the placebo arm (median PFS, 8.4 v 5.6 months, hazard ratio = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.61; two-sided P < .0001). At the interim OS analysis, the toripalimab arm had a significantly longer OS than the placebo arm (median OS not reached v 17.1 months, hazard ratio = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.92; two-sided P = .0099). The incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events was similar between the two arms. Treatment effects were similar regardless of programmed death ligand-1 status. Genomic analysis using whole-exome sequencing from 394 available tumor samples revealed that patients with high tumor mutational burden were associated with significantly better PFS in the toripalimab arm (median PFS 13.1 v 5.5 months, interaction P = .026). Notably, patients with mutations in the focal adhesion-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway achieved significantly better PFS and OS in the toripalimab arm (interaction P values ≤ .001). CONCLUSION Toripalimab plus chemotherapy significantly improves PFS and OS in patients with treatment-naive advanced NSCLC while having a manageable safety profile. Subgroup analysis showed the OS benefit was mainly driven by the nonsquamous subpopulation.
Progression-Free Survival and Patterns of Response in Patients With Relapsed High-Risk Neuroblastoma Treated With Irinotecan/Temozolomide/Dinutuximab/Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Lerman Benjamin J. , Li Yimei , Carlowicz Cecilia , Granger Meaghan , Cash Thomas , Sadanand Arhanti , Somers Katherine , Ranavaya Aeesha , Weiss Brian D. , Choe Michelle , Foster Jennifer H. , Pinto Navin , Morgenstern Daniel A. , Rafael Margarida Simão , Streby Keri A. , Zeno Rachel N. , Mody Rajen , Yazdani Sahr , Desai Ami V. , Macy Margaret E. , Shusterman Suzanne , Federico Sara M. , Bagatell Rochelle 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE Although chemoimmunotherapy is widely used for treatment of children with relapsed high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB), little is known about timing, duration, and evolution of response after irinotecan/temozolomide/dinutuximab/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (I/T/DIN/GM-CSF) therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients eligible for this retrospective study were age < 30 years at diagnosis of HRNB and received ≥ 1 cycle of I/T/DIN/GM-CSF for relapsed or progressive disease. Patients with primary refractory disease who progressed through induction were excluded. Responses were evaluated using the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria. RESULTS One hundred forty-six patients were included. Tumors were MYCN-amplified in 50 of 134 (37%). Seventy-one patients (49%) had an objective response to I/T/DIN/GM-CSF (objective response; 29% complete response, 14% partial response [PR], 5% minor response [MR], 21% stable disease [SD], and 30% progressive disease). Of patients with SD or better at first post-I/T/DIN/GM-CSF disease evaluation, 22% had an improved response per International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria on subsequent evaluation (13% of patients with initial SD, 33% with MR, and 41% with PR). Patients received a median of 4.5 (range, 1-31) cycles. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.1 months, and the 1-year PFS and 2-year PFS were 50% and 28%, respectively. The median duration of response was 15.9 months; the median PFS off all anticancer therapy was 10.4 months after discontinuation of I/T/DIN/GM-CSF. CONCLUSION Approximately half of patients receiving I/T/DIN/GM-CSF for relapsed HRNB had objective responses. Patients with initial SD were unlikely to have an objective response, but > 1 of 3 patients with MR/PR on first evaluation ultimately had complete response. I/T/DIN/GM-CSF was associated with extended PFS in responders both during and after discontinuation of treatment. This study establishes a new comparator for response and survival in patients with relapsed HRNB.
Role of

phonon mode in the enhancement of ferroelectric polarization in a perovskite-based eco-friendly functional material
Authors: Dubey Digvijay Nath , Singh Gurvinderjit , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Tripathi Saurabh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report here the role of component freezing of three-dimensional polar (

) phonon mode corresponding to the center of cubic Brillouin zone in tuning the structure-property correlations of a scientifically enriched and technologically important barium-titanate–based eco-friendly functional material (Ba0.92Ca0.08)(Zr0.05Ti0.95−x
Sn
x
)O3; BCZTSnx

synthesized via solid-state reaction method. The combined X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopic analysis, and temperature-dependent dielectric studies have revealed the presence of several crystallographic phase transitions with coexisting phases, viz.,

, as a function of Sn(x) content. These crystallographic phases, viz., P4mm, Amm2, and R3m results due to freezing of the component(s) of

phonon mode (belonging to

space group), with the respective order parameter directions (0,0,a), (a,a,0), and (a,a,a) leading to ferroelectric polarization along

,

and

directions, respectively. The ceramic composition corresponding to

exhibits a significant reduction in the coercive field (E

c
) and an enhancement in ferroelectric polarization (P

r
) in comparison to

, inferred from PE loop measurements. The enhancement in ferroelectric polarization at

has been attributed to the inter-ferroelectric three-phase

coexistence around this composition and significantly enhanced amplitudes of ferroelectric phonon modes corresponding to orthorhombic and rhombohedral phases, calculated using the symmetry mode analysis technique. The existence of a high ferroelectric polarization and low coercive field may lead to

composition as an eco-friendly candidate for ferroelectric memory devices.
External Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Singh Shubhangi , Carusi Daniela A. , Wang Penny , Reitman-Ivashkov Elena , Landau Ruth , Fields Kara G. , Weiniger Carolyn F. , Farber Michaela K. 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a disorder of abnormal placentation associated with severe postpartum hemorrhage, maternal morbidity, and mortality. Predelivery prediction of this condition is important to determine appropriate delivery location and multidisciplinary planning for operative management. This study aimed to validate a prediction model for PAS developed by Weiniger et al in 2 cohorts who delivered at 2 different United States tertiary centers.

METHODS:
Cohort A (Brigham and Women’s Hospital; N = 253) included patients with risk factors (prior cesarean delivery and placenta previa) and/or ultrasound features of PAS presenting to a tertiary-care hospital. Cohort B (Columbia University Irving Medical Center; N = 99) consisted of patients referred to a tertiary-care hospital specifically because of ultrasound features of PAS. Using the outcome variable of surgical and/or pathological diagnosis of PAS, discrimination (via c-statistic), calibration (via intercept, slope, and flexible calibration curve), and clinical usefulness (via decision curve analysis) were determined.

RESULTS:
The model c-statistics in cohorts A and B were 0.728 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.662–0.794) and 0.866 (95% CI, 0.754–0.977) signifying acceptable and excellent discrimination, respectively. The calibration intercept (0.537 [95% CI, 0.154–0.980] for cohort A and 3.001 [95% CI, 1.899– 4.335] for B), slopes (0.342 [95% CI, 0.170–0.532] for cohort A and 0.604 [95% CI, −0.166 to 1.221] for B), and flexible calibration curves in each cohort indicated that the model underestimated true PAS risks on average and that there was evidence of overfitting in both validation cohorts. The use of the model compared to a treat-all strategy by decision curve analysis showed a greater net benefit of the model at a threshold probability of >0.25 in cohort A. However, no net benefit of the model over the treat-all strategy was seen in cohort B at any threshold probability.

CONCLUSIONS:
The performance of the Weiniger model is variable based on the case-mix of the population with regard to PAS clinical risk factors and ultrasound features, highlighting the importance of spectrum bias when applying this PAS prediction model to distinct populations. The model showed benefit for predicting PAS in populations with substantial case-mix heterogeneity at threshold probability of >25%.
FGF8 induces chemokinesis and regulates condensation of mouse nephron progenitor cells
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Meer Marco , Dapkunas Arvydas , Ihermann-Hella Anneliis , Kuure Satu , Vainio Seppo J. , Iber Dagmar , Naillat Florence 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Kidneys develop via iterative branching of the ureteric epithelial tree and subsequent nephrogenesis at the branch points. Nephrons form in the cap mesenchyme as the metanephric mesenchyme (MM) condenses around the epithelial ureteric buds (UBs). Previous work has demonstrated that FGF8 is important for the survival of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), and early deletion of Fgf8 leads to the cessation of nephron formation, which results in post-natal lethality. We now reveal a previously unreported function of FGF8. By combining transgenic mouse models, quantitative imaging assays and data-driven computational modelling, we show that FGF8 has a strong chemokinetic effect and that this chemokinetic effect is important for the condensation of NPCs to the UB. The computational model shows that the motility must be lower close to the UB to achieve NPC attachment. We conclude that the FGF8 signalling pathway is crucial for the coordination of NPC condensation at the UB. Chemokinetic effects have also been described for other FGFs and may be generally important for the formation of mesenchymal condensates.
Protein Phosphatase 2A with B′ specificity subunits regulates the Hippo-Yorkie signaling axis in the Drosophila eye disc
Authors: Neal Scott J. , Zhou Qingxiang , Pignoni Francesca 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Hippo-Yorkie (Hpo-Yki) signaling is central to diverse developmental processes. Although its redeployment has been amply demonstrated, its context-specific regulation remains poorly understood. The Drosophila eye disc is a continuous epithelium folded into two layers, the peripodial epithelium (PE) and the retinal progenitor epithelium. Here, Yki acts in the PE, first to promote PE identity by suppressing retina fate, and subsequently to maintain proper disc morphology. In the latter process, loss of Yki results in the displacement of a portion of the differentiating retinal epithelium onto the PE side. We show that Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complexes comprising different substrate-specificity B-type subunits govern the Hpo-Yki axis in this context. These include holoenzymes containing the B‴ subunit Cka and those containing the B′ subunits Wdb or Wrd. Whereas PP2A(Cka), as part of the STRIPAK complex, is known to regulate Hpo directly, PP2A(Wdb) acts genetically upstream of the antagonistic activities of the Hpo regulators Sav and Rassf. These in vivo data provide the first evidence of PP2A(B′) heterotrimer function in Hpo pathway regulation and reveal pathway diversification at distinct developmental times in the same tissue.
Factors leading to the academic failure of undergraduate medical students - Predict early to prevent
Authors: Prof. Dr. Azhar Rashid  , Yasmeen Rahila , Ahmed Rehan , Jawed Khaulah 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to explore the factors to predict academic failure before the first major assessment.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 at Riphah International University. Using the purposive sampling technique, 16 students and seven teachers were included in the study. Eight online interviews were conducted with students who were academic failures and two focus group discussions were held with eight high achievers and seven teachers. The data was analyzed and thematic analysis was done.
Results: Thematic analyses deduced relevant themes which were: Educational Journey Does past matter? Essential for learning, Personality and psychological make-up, and assessment of behaviour. The factors identified were performance record, learning difficulty, educational dislocation, missionless and purposeless, against free will, tuition, poor self-regulation, low effort, procrastination, non-reflective practice, cognitive load mismanagement, limited remediation, hesitant help-seeking, low self-efficacy, introvert behaviour, demotivation, emotional imbalance, observation of student behaviour, assessment of assigned task.
Conclusion: Academic failure can be predicted early and salvaged.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5951
How to cite this:Rashid A, Yasmeen R, Ahmed R, Jawed K. Factors leading to the academic failure of undergraduate medical students - Predict early to prevent. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5951
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Awareness and safe practices of Hepatitis-B and C prevention and transmission among workers of women beauty salons
Authors: Bashir Hafiza Hifza , Kamani Lubna , Usman Madiha , Kishwar Kajol 
Published: October 2022

Background & Objectives: Hepatitis-B and C is currently a major health problem all over the world including Pakistan. All beauty treatments including manicures are used by many people and can be a risk factor because of sharing of contaminated instruments. Proper sterilization needs to be achieved by an autoclave. Our study was conducted to know the awareness and safe practices of Hepatitis-B and C prevention and transmission by beauty salon workers in Karachi.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study performed from February 2021- July 2021 among workers of women’s beauty salons across Karachi. Validated questioners were distributed and were filled in the presence of research worker. Data was compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Workers who scored ≥ 70% were considered to have adequate knowledge.
Results: Our results showed that out of 261 participants, 240 (92.3%) were females. 49(18.8%) had adequate knowledge about hepatitis-B, 63(24.1%) had adequate knowledge about hepatitis-C. 111(42.5%) had adequate practices. According to the independent T test, there was statistically significant relationship between family history of hepatitis-B and knowledge of Hepatitis-B (p=0.022), hepatitis-B vaccination and knowledge of Hepatitis-B (p=0.006). We also found significant relationship between family history of hepatitis-C and knowledge of hepatitis-C (p=0.019), also between previous blood test performed for hepatitis antibodies and knowledge about hepatitis-B and C. On Uni-Variate logistic regression we found that males participants are less likely to have adequate Hepatitis-C knowledge in comparison of female participants (OR=0.152). We also found that participants who have Hepatitis-B family history, have more likely to have adequate Hepatitis-C knowledge (OR=1.874) and males participants are less likely to have adequate Hepatitis-B knowledge in comparison of female participants (OR=0.212). Only 45(17.2%) workers were fully vaccinated with Hepatitis-B and 126(48.3%) had knowledge of adequate sterilization technique of equipment’s.
Conclusion: This study showed that overall awareness among workers of women beauty salon in Karachi about Hepatitis-B and C is inadequate with low vaccination rates. There is dire need to organize awareness programs with mass vaccination campaigns for safe practices and to curb viral transmission.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6166
How to cite this:Bashir HH, Kamani L, Usman M, Kishwar K. Awareness and safe practices of Hepatitis-B and C prevention and transmission among workers of women beauty salons. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6166
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Inscriptions from Abdera and Maroneia
Authors: Thonemann Peter 
Published: October 2022

The present article is concerned with three inscriptions from the Greek citiesof Abdera and Maroneia in coastal Thrace. Nos. 1 (Abdera) and 2 (Maroneia) were first published in the 2004 corpus of the inscriptions of Aegean Thrace (I.Thrac.Aeg. E1 and E181α), and improved texts of both are offered here; no.3 (Maroneia) is new. The first text is a fragmentary early-fifth century law from Abdera, concerned with upper and lower ages of eligibility for military service, and with what will happen in the event of a revolution or naval incursion at Abdera. The inscription is tentatively dated to the immediate aftermath of the Persian Wars, perhaps around 475 BC. The second text is an ad hominem decree of the city of Maroneia, probably of the first century BC or the first century AD, granting permission to a civic magistrate named Proklesto adopt his own infant orphaned grandson; the content of the decree has no close parallels elsewhere in the Greek world. The third text is a poorly preserved twelve-line epigram in the form of a hymn or prayer to several deities, asking them to protect the city of Maroneia; its letter-forms suggest a date in the later Hellenistic period.
Une nouvelle fête macédonienne dans une inscription de Kibyra
Authors: Hatzopoulos Miltiade B. 
Published: October 2022

An early second century BC fragmentary inscription from Kibyra in honour of a local athlete mentions among others two victories won at festivals whichwere presided by “king Philip”, who can be no other than Philip V. The first festival was the Erotideia at a city the name of which has been lost. The second one was the Herakleia at a city in Macedonia, the name of which is not preserved. The author of the present article argues that the rst city was Thespiai in Boiotia, and that the second one was Beroia. He bases his argument on an epigram by Chrysogonos from the Anthologia Palatina explained in 1934 by Charles Edson, who on literary and numismatic evidence submitted that the Antigonids hailed from Beroia. Several inscriptions discovered locally since then leave no doubt that Herakles Kynagidas was the principal divinity of that city. Going a step further, the author connects the festival Herakleia with a list of victors from various parts of the Greek world, found at Beroia, which was known from the time of Alfred Delacoulonche, but had remained uninterpreted. A diagramma of Philip V from Amphipolis offers fresh evidence on the rules under which foreign athletes participated in Macedonian festivals.
Ο «θησαυρός» Πέλλα/2011. Παρατηρήσεις στη νομισματοκοπία των διοικητικο-πολιτικών ενοτήτων της Μακεδονίας του 2ου αι. π.Χ.
Authors: Ακαμάτης Νικόλαος 
Published: October 2022

This article presents a small hoard of nine bronze coins that was discovered during excavations in room 29 of the east wing of the Agora of Pella, buried below a clay floor of the Hellenistic period. It contains one bronze coin in the name of the Amphaxians, three in the name of the Macedonians Amphaxians, four in the name of the Macedonians Botteatai, and one in the name of the Macedonians. Their description is the following (see p. 205, images 1-9):
no. 1: Head of Herakles r. / Club, ΑΜΦΑ-ΞΙΩΝ, all in laurel wreath
nos. 2-4: Head of Apollo r. / Tripod, ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΩΝ (monogram: ΑΜΦ)
nos. 5-8: Head of Zeus r. / Winged thunderbolt, ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΩΝ (monogram: ΒΟΤ)
no. 9: Head of Apollo r. / kithara, ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΩΝ
Both the dating and the circulation pattern of the bronze issues of the Amphaxians, the Botteatai and the Macedonians have been discussed extensively; it is now generally accepted that they were minted during the reign of the two last kings, Philip V and Perseus to serve for the needs of the local economies, but their issuing continued after the battle of Pydna and the control of Macedonia by the Romans. The iconography and the mintmarks of these coins can be connected to two other groups of bronze coins that were minted after 168 BC, namely the coins of the Roman quaestors in Macedonia and the autonomous coins of three major cities of the region, Thessaloniki, Pella and Amphipolis. The hoard from Pella is a rare case, because it only contains coins minted by the Amphaxians, the Botteatai and the Macedonians whereas no issues of Philip V and Perseus, the Roman quaestors or the three cities are present, as in most hoards. It is also worth mentioning that the type Heracles/club of the Amphaxians found in the Pella hoard, so far has been only encountered in hoards dated after the abolishment of the monarchy in 168. For these reasons, we suggest that the hoard Pella/2011 should be dated to the years 168-148 BC, that is after the battle of Pydna and before the creation of the Roman province of Macedonia.