bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and Its Impact on Course Design of Finance Courses
Authors: Srivastava Vikas 
Published: February 2022

The continuing COVID-19 crisis is informing global investors, chief finance officers, risk managers, policymakers, regulatory bodies and the public at large that natural disasters can cause economic/financial damage on a previously unprecedented scale. It is different from a potential nuclear war that no one can survive or climate risk that is slow-moving or even localized disasters (Goodell, 2020, Finance Research Letters, Vol. 35, p. 101512). One thing is for sure, for researchers and academics in finance, the crisis brings in challenges that require investigation in almost all disciplines that spin out of core corporate finance and risk management. JEL Codes: G1, G10, G21, I20, I23, I26
Novel Growth Factor Combination for Improving Rotator Cuff Repair: A Rat In Vivo Study
Authors: Zhu Mark , Lin Tay Mei , Lim Khoon S. , Bolam Scott M. , Tuari Donna , Callon Karen , Dray Michael , Cornish Jillian , Woodfield Tim B.F. , Munro Jacob T. , Coleman Brendan , Musson David S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: The lack of healing at the repaired tendon-bone interface is an important cause of failure after rotator cuff repair. While augmentation with growth factors (GFs) has demonstrated promise, the ideal combination must target all 3 tissue types at the tendon-bone interface. Hypothesis: The GF combination of transforming growth factor beta 1, Insulin-like growth factor 1, and parathyroid hormone will promote tenocyte proliferation and differentiation and improve the biomechanical and histological quality of the repaired tendon-bone interface. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In vitro, human tenocytes were cultured in the presence of the GF combination for 72 hours, and cell growth assays and the expression of genes specific to tendon, cartilage, and bone were analyzed. In vivo, adult rats (N = 46) underwent detachment and repair of the left supraspinatus tendon. A PVA-tyramine gel was used to deliver the GF combination to the tendon-bone interface. Histological, biomechanical, and RNA microarray analysis was performed at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. Immunohistochemistry for type II and X collagen was performed at 12 weeks. Results: When treated with the GF combination in vitro, human tenocytes proliferated 1.5 times more than control ( P = .04). The expression of scleraxis increased 65-fold ( P = .013). The expression of Sox-9 ( P = .011), type I collagen ( P = .021), fibromodulin ( P = .0075), and biglycan ( P = .010) was also significantly increased, while the expression of PPARγ was decreased ( P = .007). At 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the quality of healing on histology was significantly higher in the GF group, with the formation of a more mature tendon-bone interface, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry for type II and X collagen. The GF group achieved a load at failure and Young modulus >1.5 times higher at both time points. Microarrays at 6 weeks demonstrated upregulation of genes involved in leukocyte aggregation ( S100A8, S100A9) and tissue mineralization ( Bglap, serglycin, Fam20c). Conclusion: The GF combination promoted protendon and cartilage responses in human tenocytes in vitro; it also improved the histological appearance and mechanical properties of the repair in vivo. Microarrays of the tendon-bone interface identified inflammatory and mineralization pathways affected by the GF combination, providing novel therapeutic targets for further research. Clinical Relevance: The use of this GF combination is translatable to patients and may improve healing after rotator cuff repair.
Effect of Mechanical Stimulation Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma on Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Murine Model
Authors: Peng Yundong , Li Xiaomei , Wu Wenxia , Ma Haozhe , Wang Guanglan , Jia Shaohui , Zheng Cheng 
Published: February 2022

Background: Mechanical stimulation and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been shown to be beneficial for healing of the bone-tendon interface (BTI), but few studies have explored the efficacy of a combination of these applications. We investigated the effect of mechanical stimulation combined with PRP on rotator cuff repair in mice. Hypothesis: Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can enhance BTI healing in a murine model of rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 160 C57BL/6 mice were used. Overall, 40 mice were used to prepare PRP, while 120 mice underwent acute supraspinatus tendon (SST) repair. The animals were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, mechanical stimulation group, PRP group, and mechanical stimulation combined with PRP group (combination group). At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, the eyeballs were removed to collect blood, and the SST–humeral complexes were collected. Histological, biomechanical, immunological, and bone morphometric tests were performed. Results: Histologically, at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the area of the fibrocartilage layer at the BTI in the combination group was larger than in the other groups. The content and distribution of proteoglycans in this layer in the combination group were significantly greater than in the other groups. At 8 weeks postoperatively, trabecular number, and trabecular bone thickness of the subchondral bone area of interest at the BTI of the combination group were greater than those of the other groups, bone volume fraction of the combination group was greater than the control group. On biomechanical testing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the failure load and ultimate strength of the SST–humeral complex in the combination group were higher than in the other groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that, at 4 weeks postoperatively, the serum concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the combination group were significantly higher than in the other groups; at 8 weeks, the PDGF-AB concentration in the combination group was higher than in the control and mechanical stimulation groups. Conclusion: Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can effectively promote the early stage of healing after a rotator cuff injury. Clinical Relevance: These findings imply that mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for rotator cuff healing.
Comparison of a Novel Anatomic Technique and the Docking Technique for Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Meyers Kathleen N. , Middleton Kellie K. , Fu Michael C. , Dines Joshua S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Current reconstruction techniques do not re-create the distal ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) insertion. Reconstructing the distal extension of the anterior band ulnar footprint may increase elbow stability and resistance against valgus stress after UCL reconstruction (UCLR). Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to test a new technique for UCLR, a modification of the docking technique, aimed at re-creating the distal ulnar footprint anatomy of the anterior band. We hypothesize that this novel “anatomic” technique will provide greater resistance to valgus stress after UCLR when compared with the docking technique. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Eighteen unpaired cadaveric arms were dissected to capsuloligamentous elbow structures and potted. With use of a servohydraulic load frame, 5 Nċm of valgus stress was placed on the UCL-intact elbows at 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° of flexion. UCLR was performed on each elbow, randomized to either the docking technique or the anatomic technique. After UCLR, the elbow was again tested at 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° of flexion. Ulnohumeral joint gapping was calculated using a 3-dimensional motion capture system applied to markers attached to the ulna and humerus. Differences in gapping among the intact state and docking and anatomic techniques were compared using a 2-way analysis of variance with significance set to P < .05. Results: There was no significant difference in gapping between the anatomic and docking technique groups regardless of elbow flexion angle. All reconstructed groups showed increased gapping relative to intact, but all increases were below the clinically relevant level of 1 mm. Conclusion: Ulnohumeral joint gapping and resistance to valgus stress were similar between the anatomic technique and the docking technique for UCLR. Clinical Relevance: This study provides evidence that the anatomic technique is a viable alternative UCLR method as compared with the docking technique in a cadaveric model.
Multifunctional MnCuInSe/ZnS quantum dots for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Irmania Novi , Dehvari Khalilalrahman , Chang Jia-Yaw 
Published: February 2022

In this work, manganese (Mn)-doped CuInSe quantum dots (QDs) with a ZnS passivation layer (MnCuInSe/ZnS) have been synthesized via a one-pot microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction using glutathione (GSH) as a stabilizer. The MnCuInSe/ZnS core-shell QDs combine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), excitation-dependent red emission, and reactive oxygen radical generation functions, in which regulation of Mn2+ incorporation leads to synergistic imaging and therapeutic modalities. The MnCuInSe/ZnS QDs exhibit high colloidal and photochemical stability in simulated media and at different pH values. An r2/r1 ratio of 9.99 was calculated from MRI studies suggesting their potential application as dual-modal imaging agents. Based on in vitro tests on Hela, B16, and HepG2 cell lines, it is apparent that MnCuInSe/ZnS QDs impose no significant cytotoxicity in the dark, while they can efficiently generate singlet oxygen radicals for photodynamic therapy of cancers, killing more than 80% of B16 cells within 5 min of laser irradiation (671 nm, 1 W cm−2). Furthermore, in vitro fluorescence imaging and cellular internalization of QDs are examined to visualize cellular uptake and in situ ROS generation. Therefore, this research exemplifies a new set of multifunctional chalcogenide QDs for theranostic applications.
Inhibition of SET domain–containing (lysine methyltransferase) 7 alleviates cognitive impairment through suppressing the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in isoflurane-induced aged mice
Authors: Ma Chao , Yu Xianjun , Li Dong , Fan Youwen , Tao Qiang , Tang Yajun , Zheng Lei 
Published: February 2022

Background As a common postoperative complication to elderly patients, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a central nervous system complication, often taking place after anesthesia and surgery. (Su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste, and trithorax) domain–containing protein 7 (SETD7) plays important roles in metabolic-related diseases, viral infections, tumor formation, and some inflammatory reactions. However, the role and mechanism of SETD7 in POCD have not been previously studied. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to evaluate the efficiency of knockdown of SETD7. The pathological changes of hippocampal neurons in isoflurane-anesthetized mice were detected by HE staining, and the Morris water maze experiment was performed to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of mice. The effect of SETD7 on the hippocampus in isoflurane-induced aged mice was examined by Western blot and TUNEL assay. Then ELISA assay was applied to determine the expression of some inflammatory cytokines, followed by the detection of expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome through Western blot. Results The data of this research revealed that SETD7 knockdown improved cognitive impairment in isoflurane-anesthetized mice, ameliorated cell pyroptosis, inhibited the release of inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the hippocampus in isoflurane-induced aged mice. Conclusion Collectively, these results provided evidence that the inhibition of SETD7 could alleviate neuroinflammation, pyroptosis, and cognitive impairment by suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in isoflurane-induced aged mice.
Protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis through the repression of NADPH Oxidase 4 and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathways
Authors: Kocak Ayse , Ural Cemre , Harmanci Duygu , Oktan Mehmet Asi , Afagh Aysan , Sarioglu Sulen , Yilmaz Osman , Birlik Merih , Akdogan Gul Guner , Cavdar Zahide 
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which is known as a powerful antioxidant, and the possible related molecular mechanisms that mediate its favorable action on skin fibrosis in the bleomycin (BLM)-induced scleroderma (SSc) model in mice. The experimental design was established with four groups of eight mice: Control, ALA (100 mg/kg), BLM (5 μg/kg), and BLM + ALA group. BLM was administered via subcutaneous ( sc) once a day while ALA was injected intraperitoneally ( ip) twice a week for 21 days. Histopathological and biochemical analyses showed that ALA significantly reduced BLM-induced dermal thickness, inflammation score, and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the skin. Besides, the mRNA expressions of the subunits of NADPH oxidase, which are Nox4 and p22phox, were found to be significantly induced in the BLM group. However, ALA significantly reduced their mRNA expression, which were in parallel to its decreasing effect on serum total oxidant status (TOS) level. Moreover, it was found that ALA downregulated the mRNA expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type I and fibronectin in the skin tissue of the BLM group. Additionally, it was shown that ALA reduced significantly the TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 protein expressions in the BLM + ALA group. On the other hand, ALA did not exhibit any significant effect on the p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) activation induced by BLM. All these findings point out that ALA may be a promising treatment for the attenuation of skin fibrosis in SSc patients.
Using Participatory Action Research to Sustain Palliative Care Knowledge and Readiness Among Latino Community Leaders
Authors: Johnson Lee Ann , Melendez Carlos , Larson Kim 
Published: February 2022

Objective We examined the effectiveness of nurse-led training on palliative care knowledge and advance care planning readiness with Latino leaders. Methods As part of a larger participatory action research study, we used a one-group, pretest–posttest design to evaluate Latino leaders’ preparation to share information during home visits with Latinos with advanced cancer. Using Spanish and English materials, 2 palliative care nurse specialists provided a 10-hour training plus a 6-month, post-training booster session. The Palliative Care Knowledge Scale (PaCKS) was administered at baseline (T0), post-training (T1), and 10 months post-training (T2). The Advance Care Planning and Engagement Survey (ACPES) was administered at T0 and T2. Results Among the 15 leaders, 93% were women and 73% were of Mexican heritage. There was a significant increase in the PaCKS score between T0 and T1 ( MdT0 = 10; MdT1 = 12, z = −2.15, p exact = .031) and T0 and T2 ( z = −2.49, p exact = .008) with a medium-to-large effect size ( r = .45). There was a significant increase in ACPES scores between T0 and T2. Conclusions Nurse-led training of Latino community leaders improves palliative care knowledge and may bolster the palliative care infrastructure in emerging Latino communities.
Breast T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Presenting as a Single Mass in a Young Female with Family History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Iqbal Fatima , Joya Sosa Yocelin , Kramer-Smotherman Danielle N. , Posleman Monetto Flavia E. , Dong Jianli , He Jing , Musunuru Tejo , Schlette Ellen J. , Lyapichev Kirill A. 
Published: February 2022

Breast involvement by lymphoma is rare, constituting ≤0.5% of all breast malignancies, with T-cell lymphomas, comprising 2.5 to 7.5% of all lymphomas involving breast. Several types of T-cell lymphomas have been reported in breast, including anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia, NK/T-cell lymphoma, and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Breast involvement by T-lymphoblastic lymphoma is very unusual and when it is observed, it usually occurs as a secondary involvement by known lymphoma. We report the case of a 33-year-old woman with family history of breast cancer who presented with a single right breast mass which was diagnosed as T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. At presentation, the patient was feeling well and did not have any B symptoms or any other signs of lymphoma or leukemia. One month after diagnosis, the patient presented to the emergency room with chest pain and shortness of breath and was found to have a large mediastinal mass with both pleural and pericardial effusions. Subsequent evaluation of peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy showed increased amount of blasts and involvement by T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. The patient was induced with cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride, and dexamethasone chemotherapy. After two-cycles of chemotherapy, a computed tomography of the thorax showed marked interval decrease in size of anterior mediastinal mass, suggestive of positive treatment response. Here, we report the first well documented case of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma presented as a single breast mass without history of B symptoms and perform an extensive English language literature review.
Exploring the eHealth literacy and mobile health application utilisation amongst Malaysian pharmacy students
Authors: Blebil Ali Q , Dujaili Juman A , Mohammed Ali H , Loh Li Ling , Chung Wei Xuan , Selvam Tarani , Siow Joycelyn QL 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Pharmacy students should be eHealth literate by being skilful in searching, evaluating and applying online health information. Mobile health applications should be utilised when making clinical decisions to achieve optimal patient care with the ever-changing pharmacy practice. This study aims to explore the eHealth literacy and mobile health application utilisation amongst pharmacy undergraduates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021. An online survey, consisting of socio-demographic characteristics, Internet use, eHealth Literacy Scale and mobile health application utilisation, was distributed amongst pharmacy undergraduates in public and private universities in Malaysia. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance test, Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test Results A total of 415 participants completed the survey (response rate    =    82.5%). The median eHealth Literacy Scale score (out of 40) was 31.0    ±    3.0 (interquartile range). More than one-third of participants (34.7%) were found to have low eHealth literacy. Many lacked confidence in making health decisions from online information (42.4%) and skills in distinguishing between high-quality and low-quality health resources (35.2%). Only 70.4% of the participants had mobile health applications installed on their smartphones and/or tablets. Some students felt that they were neither knowledgeable nor skilful enough to utilise mobile health applications (24.8%), whereas 23.9% were unaware of the mobile health applications available. Conclusion In summary, the eHealth literacy of Malaysian pharmacy students can be further enhanced by incorporating eHealth literacy-focused programmes into the curriculum. Moreover, pharmacy students’ mobile health application utilisation can be improved through increased awareness and support from universities.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of gallstone surgery: A Swedish population-based study
Authors: Sandblom Gabriel , Österberg Johanna , Rogmark Peder , Drott Carl J. , Haraldsson Erik , Khodakaram Kaveh , Prebner Lise-Lott , Redéen Stefan , Syrén Eva-Lena , Söderström Maria , Enochsson Lars 
Published: February 2022

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a significant impact on healthcare delivery. As resources are reallocated, surgery for benign conditions such as gallstone disease is often given low priority. We do not know how this has affected the risk of patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease to develop acute cholecystitis, biliary pancreatitis, or obstructive jaundice. Methods: The study was based on the population-based Swedish Register of Gallstone Surgery and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. The period prior to the first cases of COVID-19 in Sweden, that is, April 2015–March 2020, was compared to the period April 2020–March 2021 during the pandemic. Stratification was made for factors potentially related to priority decisions. Results: Altogether, 78,211 procedures were performed during the period of the study. The ratio of procedures performed during April 2020–March 2021 in the previous 5 years was 0.960 ( p = 0.113). The ratio of procedures on patients aged <65 years was 0.945 ( p = 0.008), on patients aged 65–80 years was 0.964 ( p = 0.423), on patients aged >80 years was 1.336 ( p = 0.025), on men was 1.001 ( p = 0.841), on women was 0.934 ( p = 0.006), on procedures completed laparoscopically was 0.964 ( p = 0.190), on procedures completed with open approach was 0.659 ( p = 0.044), on acute procedures was 1.218 ( p = 0.016), on planned procedures was 0.791 ( p < 0.001), on procedures performed for biliary colic was 0.808 ( p < 0.001), on procedures performed for acute cholecystitis was 1.274 ( p = 0.012), for biliary pancreatitis was 1.192 ( p = 0.037), and for obstructive jaundice was 1.366 ( p = 0.008). Conclusions: The COVID-19 has had a great impact on how gallstone surgery has been organized over the last 2 years. The decreased number of planned procedures probably reflects the reallocation of resources during the pandemic. However, whether the increasing number of acute procedures is the result of postponed planned surgery or a continuation of a long-term trend toward more acute surgery remains unanswered. Further studies are needed to assess and evaluate how this has affected public health and health economics.
Cortical step sign in spinal clearance on trauma computed tomography – Indicator of acute thoracolumbar compression fracture
Authors: Rajakulasingam Ramanan , Nightingale Peter , Bhatt Naman , Choudhary Surabhi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Differentiating an acute from chronic compression fracture of the thoracolumbar (TL) spine can pose a dilemma for radiologists interpreting spinal imaging following trauma. Mild wedging of the vertebrae can be due to spondylosis or osteoporosis, whilst acute simple compression fractures may not always be associated with loss of body height. In this observational study, we hypothesize that the presence of a vertebral body cortical step is a reliable sign of an acute compression fracture on Computed Tomography (CT) scans. Methods In a retrospective review of thoracolumbar CT scans following trauma, two observers analysed for the presence of a cortical step at the anterior or posterior vertebral body cortex, fracture morphology and associated injuries. A ‘cortical step’ is defined as a break of hyperdense cortex on CT scans, intervening non-sclerosed trabecular bone, and sharp overlap of the underlying cortex. MRI of the spine was used as gold standard. Results 187 consecutive CT scans over 2 years were assessed. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of cortical step sign were 100%, 90.2% and 97% in diagnosing an acute thoracolumbar compression fracture, respectively. The interobserver reliability was high (kappa = 0.97). False positive cortical step was seen in Kummel’s disease and large Schmorl’s nodule. Conclusion Our results demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity of ‘cortical step sign’ in diagnosing acute vertebral body compression fractures of TL spine on CT scans in patients with trauma. This sign can be useful to radiologists for safe clearance of the thoracolumbar spine following trauma, helping distinguish acute trauma from chronic causes of vertebral body height loss.