bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice yield response to climate and price policy in high-latitude regions of China
Authors: Yu Yan , Clark J. Stephen , Tian Qingsong , Yan Fengxian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClimate change has renewed interest in the production capacity of agriculture. Few researchers paid attention to price policy and heteroscedasticity in yield model. We incorporate rice price policy into the yield model at the expected price using a Tobit procedure and take Kalman filter theory to explore useful information, and then estimate the rice yield response to climate and rice price using a spatial autoregressive combined model in high-latitude regions of China from 1992 to 2018. Meanwhile, we apply two different Breusch-Pagan tests to examine heteroscedasticity. Our results suggest that spatial correlation of the error term is a more critical source of heteroscedasticity and cannot be completely solved by only allowing spatially autocorrelated errors due to possible technology diffusion effects. The results also show that rice price support policy is useful for constructing rice expected prices, and the price elasticities of rice and corn on rice yield are 0.194 and -0.097, respectively. Among climate variables, the total growing degree days in the growing season has positive effects, and monthly accumulated growing degree days also matter, especially in June. Precipitation in July and August has a significant effect with an inverse U shape. Projections of future climate change suggest that rice yield will mainly increase, ranging from 0.095% to 1.769%, but the rate of increase in yield will slow down in the higher-rate global warming. This study shows how price policy could be incorporated into yield response model and highlights the importance of climate factors and crop price policy for rice yield.
Compassion: Learning Needs and Training Opportunities—a Survey Among Palliative Healthcare Providers in Italy
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Adriano Beatrice , Di Girolamo Irene , Tosi Chiara , Orsi Luciano , Ricetto Cinzia , Botto Rossana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCompassion is a key quality in palliative care; however, there is a lack of evidence of the need to discuss the theme of compassion and professionals’ training in the subject. The study aimed to investigate the knowledge of the construct of a sample of Italian healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in palliative care. In addition, their learning needs and training opportunities were explored. An online survey was completed by 330 HCPs. It was divided into five sections which examined knowledge of the construct of compassion and the perception of its utility in palliative care, the activities carried out in eventual training in compassion, and professionals’ learning needs thereof. Professionals who had knowledge of the right definition of compassion considered it more useful and training more necessary. Most of the sample never received training about compassion. However, 97% of those who received training believed it to be necessary. Satisfaction with training was higher among those who received multidisciplinary team education. Training occasions are relatively rare in the Italian context, although they seem to increase knowledge and awareness about the construct utility and training necessity. Besides, multidisciplinary team training seems to be more satisfying. Offering team training on compassion can promote a deeper awareness of it and of its utility in clinical practice.
Effect of coating operating parameters on electrode physical characteristics and final electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Román-Ramírez L. A. , Apachitei G. , Faraji-Niri M. , Lain M. , Widanage D. , Marco J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effect of coating parameters of NMC622 cathodes and graphite anodes on their physical structure and half-cell electrochemical performance is evaluated by design of experiments. Coating parameters include the coater comma bar gap, coating ratio and web speed. The electrochemical properties studied are gravimetric and volumetric capacity, rate performance, areal specific impedance (ASI) and C-rate. Differences in the manufacturing effects on the electrode physical structure and electrochemical performance are observed between the electrodes and are modelled by linear regression. The effect of cell coating weight and porosity on half-coin cell electrochemical performance is also evaluated by linear regression. The cathode performance at high gravimetric and volumetric C-rates is mainly influenced by coating weight, whereas porosity is the only explanatory variable for volumetric C-rates of 1C and below. For anode, correlations are only found for the C/20 and 5C gravimetric and volumetric capacities and are related to coating weight. An inverse relationship between ASI and coating weight is observed for cathode, but in general the cell physical characteristics cannot completely explain the observed ASI for both electrodes. The obtained models are useful for the design and robust manufacturing of electrodes since present a quantitative relationship between the coating parameters, cell characteristics and final cell electrochemical performance.
Alignment of Borderline Personality Disorder and Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder With Complex Developmental Symptomatology
Authors: Lawless Jessica , Tarren-Sweeney Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCluster analysis of maltreatment-related mental health symptoms manifested by adolescents in foster care suggest the absence of an underlying taxonomic structure. To test this further, we investigated alignment between mental health symptom profiles derived through cluster analysis and nominal diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD), among a sample of 230 adolescents in long-term foster care. Nominal DSM-V BPD and ICD-11 C-PTSD caseness was estimated from Child Behaviour Checklist and Assessment Checklist for Adolescents score algorithms, and alignment of case assignment with previously-derived symptom profiles was examined. Nineteen BPD and three C-PTSD nominal cases were identified. Low C-PTSD prevalence reflected low concordance between PTSD and ‘disturbances in self organization’ (DSO) case assignment. The BPD and C-PTSD cases were aligned to more complex and severe symptom profiles. While the complex and severe presentations identified in the present study included core symptoms and clinical signs of BPD, they were also characterised by clinical-level inattention/over-activity and conduct problems. The present findings provide some support for the validity of the BPD construct for describing complex and severe psychopathology manifested by adolescents in foster care, and no support for the C-PTSD construct. However, the symptom profiles point to high variability in combinations of multiple symptom types that does not conform to traditional definitions of a ‘diagnosable’ mental disorder. Further research is needed to determine if complex post-maltreatment symptomatology can be validly conceptualised as one or more complex disorders.
Do informal Networks Increase Migrants’ Over-Education? Comparing Over-Education for Natives, Migrants and Second Generations in Italy and Assessing the Role of Networks in Generating It
Authors: Van Wolleghem Pierre Georges , De Angelis Marina , Scicchitano Sergio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhilst migration has become a structural feature of most European countries, the integration of foreigners in the labour market continues to raise concerns. Evidence across countries shows that migrants are more often over-educated than natives. Over the last few years, scholarship has intended to capture the effect of informal networks on migrants’ over-education. Interestingly, no study has looked into the Italian case, a country for which the effect of networks on education-occupation mismatch is well documented. This article has two objectives: it assesses the extent to which over-education affects migrants and it evaluates the role informal networks play in producing it. We find that migrants have a higher probability of being over-educated than natives and second-generation migrants. Likewise, we find little evidence of a differentiated effect of networks as they tend to increase migrants’ over-education whilst decreasing it for natives and second-generation migrants. Empirical evidence is drawn from the application of causal inference modelling to PLUS 2018—Participation, Labour, Unemployment Survey.
Determination of retinol and carotenoids in selected Malaysian food products using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Authors: Rathi Devi-Nair Gunasegavan , Rashed Aswir Abd , Noh Mohd Fairulnizal Md 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe presented method is focused on simultaneous determination of retinol and two carotenoids (lutein, β-carotene) in selected Malaysian food products. A Dionex Ultimate 3000 Series High-Performance Liquid Chromatography system equipped with two Dionex Acclaim Polar Advantage II C18 columns was utilized in this study. Simultaneous elution of retinol, lutein and β-carotene was achieved within 45 min with gradient profile of methanol and ultra-pure water (95:5–100:0–95:5) programmed at 0.8 mL/min flow rate and 30 °C. Retinol was acquired at 325 nm while lutein and β-carotene were acquired at 440 nm. Limits of detection and quantification of retinol and lutein were at 0.10, 0.34 µg/mL, and 0.08, 0.26 µg/mL; respectively while higher levels were observed for β-carotene at 1.06 and 3.54 µg/mL. Linearity test indicated R2 of 0.996–0.999, along with high accuracy (71.92–116.29%) and excellent repeatability for all analytes. Extraction efficiency was determined using standard addition into representative food product with recovery obtained in the range of 61.86–116.90% for all three analytes. The developed in-house HPLC method incorporates an enclosed solid-phase extraction system that is believed to further improve sample purification and analytes detection. On the whole, the developed on-line SPE-HPLC technique and efficient sample pre-treatment is deemed a reliable approach for simultaneous determination of retinol, lutein and β-carotene, as analyzed among the selected Malaysian food products. Additionally, the described procedure could also benefit routine analysis of these analytes in other food matrices or for determination of other analytes with similar chemistry and faster elution.
Optimization and selection of the multi-objective conceptual design scheme for considering product assembly, manufacturing and cost
Authors: Li Congdong , Wu Run , Yang Weiming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConceptual design is the crucial stage of selecting and determining product composition and configuration, which greatly affects product performance and cost. In conceptual design stage, designers have the maximum design freedom in order to put forward to the optimal design solution in terms of assembly, manufacturing and cost. However, the above product aspects are analyzed independently in current industry, and a guided decision-making method based on multi-objective criteria is missing. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a multi-objective analysis method to obtain an optimal conceptual scheme considering various aspects of product. Due to the complexity of product conceptual solution generation, this study divides the multi-objective analysis process into multi-objective solution optimization and multi-objective solution selection. The non-dominated solution set can be obtained from all the potential solutions in the former step. Then, the optimal conceptual solution can be obtained from the non-dominated solutions set in the latter step. The two-stage multi-objective analysis method has two advantages: (1) large dominated solutions can be quickly eliminated which can reduce the workload of solution selection; (2) TOPSIS method is easy to implement, which can work with attribute weights and scores of each design option. Finally, using the conceptual design of a centrifugal compressor as an example, the method's availability and practicality are demonstrated.
Vascular Function and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals
Authors: Park Wonil , Lee Jaesung , Park Hun-Young , Park Saejong , Park Jonghoon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Frailty is a condition characterized by a state of reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors. Frail individuals have a higher likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the mechanisms underlying the association between frailty and CVD remain unclear.

Objectives
This study investigated whether frailty is associated with vascular function in community-dwelling older individuals.

Material and Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 92 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years, including 30 non-frail, 43 pre-frail, 19 frail individuals. Vascular function was assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV, measuring arterial stiffness) and flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD, measuring endothelial function).

Results
The PWV was significantly higher in both pre-frail and frail groups than in the non-frail group (non-frail: 1615.7 ± 209.9 cm/s vs. pre-frail: 1815.2 ± 265.0 cm/s vs. frail: 1829.9 ± 256.0 cm/s, respectively, p = 0.003). The FMD was significantly lower in both pre-frail and frail groups than in the non-frail group (non-frail: 5.1 ± 2.1% vs. pre-frail: 3.4 ± 1.3% vs. frail: 3.1 ± 1.2% cm/s, respectively, p = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that pre-frail and frail group were associated with arterial stiffness (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.01–8.42; OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 0.85–14.91) and endothelial dysfunction (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 0.41–3.09; OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 0.31–6.97).

Conclusions
Thus, pre-frailty and frailty are associated with impaired vascular function in community-dwelling older adults, even when adjusting for confounding factors. These findings may help to prevent the potential consequences between CVD and frailty in community-dwelling older individuals.
Building a global psychological science through research in the Pacific Island nation of Fiji: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Crookes Annie E. , Warren Meg A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is increasing globalisation of psychological science through cross-cultural research, international conferences, and funding initiatives. However, it is important to understand the nature of this globalisation in a more nuanced way and for research to include both etic (universal comparisons) and emic (distinctive cultural understanding) approaches and to incorporate the needs and expertise of the Indigenous populations being studied. The present systematic review aimed to identify the psychological research undertaken in the culturally diverse Pacific Island Country of Fiji and explore how this has added to the general knowledge base in psychological science. Furthermore, the review aimed to use the Fiji research literature to evaluate the extent of globalisation in psychology from an etic, emic and Indigenous psychology perspective. A total of 131 peer-reviewed publications were identified on electronic databases of which 80% reported primary research studies in some form. The literature suggests a growing interest in Pacific-inclusive research that has already added substantially to psychological understanding in many core areas. However, the literature continues to be dominated by etic, cross cultural studies driven by western research interests and universal measures. The discussion suggests more needs to be done to incorporate emic approaches and Indigenous methods as well as consider applied themes and research questions that would better serve the local communities alongside scientific knowledge.
Depression Among Medical Students in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The role of Communication Between Universities and Their Students
Authors: Ecker Alexandra , Berenson Abbey B , Gonzalez Sandra J , Zoorob Roger , Hirth Jacqueline M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Medical students are vulnerable to stress and depression during medical school and the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these issues. This study examined whether the risk of depression was associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related medical school communication.

Methods:
A 144 - item pilot cross-sectional online survey of medical students in the US, was carried out between September 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. Items on stress, depression, and communication between students and their medical schools were included. This study examined associations of student perceptions of universities’ communication efforts and pandemic response with risk of developing depression.

Results:
The sample included 212 students from 22 US states. Almost 50% (48.6%) were at risk of developing depression. Students felt medical schools transitioned well to online platforms, while the curriculum was just as rigorous as in-person courses. Students at risk of developing depression reported communication was poor more frequently compared to students at average risk. Students at risk of depression were also more than 3 times more likely to report their universities’ communication about scholarships or other funding was poor in adjusted analyses.

Conclusion:
Universities communicated well with medical students during the pandemic. However, this study also highlights the need for ongoing efforts to address student mental health by medical schools.
Applying Civil Rights Law to Clinical Research: Title VI’s Equal Access Mandate
Authors: Liss Joseph , Peloquin David , Barnes Mark , Bierer Barbara E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTitle VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and its implementing regulations prohibit federally-funded educational institutions and healthcare centers from engaging in disparate impact discrimination “on the ground of race, color, or national origin” in all of their operations.
An Inter–professional Antiracist Curriculum Is Paramount to Addressing Racial Health Inequities
Authors: Mitchell L. Kate , Watson Maya K. , Silva Abigail , Simpson Jessica L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLegal, medical, and public health professionals have been complicit in creating and maintaining systems that drive health inequities. To ameliorate this, current and future leaders in law, medicine, and public health must learn about racism and its impact along the life course trajectory and how to engage in antiracist practice and health equity work.
Consciousness, Conflations, and Disability Rights: Denials of Care for Children in the “Minimally Conscious State”
Authors: Fins Joseph J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis essay critiques the fiercely utilitarian allocation scheme of Cameron et al. Children have no hope of recovery if their lives are cut short based on administrative protocols that misrepresent the nature of their conditions. Unilateral futility judgements - especially those based on a false predicate - are discriminatory. When considering the best interests of children, we should see possibility in disability and not advance ill-informed utilitarianism.
Reminiscences on Public Health Law and JLME
Authors: Hodge James G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis contribution marks a dual milestone at the intersection of public health law and JLME: my 50th publication of a substantive manuscript in the 50th anniversary of the Journal in 2022. In recognition of these coinciding landmarks, this installment of the Public Health Law column for JLME features observations and reflections of the field based largely on prior publications.
A remarkable assemblage of ticks from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
Authors: Chitimia-Dobler Lidia , Mans Ben J. , Handschuh Stephan , Dunlop Jason A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFour fossil ticks (Arachnida: Parasitiformes: Ixodida) are described from mid-Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma) Burmese amber of Myanmar.Ixodes antiquorumsp. nov. (Ixodidae) is the first Mesozoic record ofIxodesand the oldest representative of the most species-rich extant tick genus. Its affinities appear to lie with modern Australian forms, consistent with the hypothesis that Burmese amber hosted Gondwanan faunal elements. Even more remarkable isKhimaira fossusgen. et sp. nov. which combines a body resembling that of a soft tick (Argasidae) with a basis capitulum more like that of a hard tick (Ixodidae). We refer it to Khimairidae fam. nov. as a possible transitional form between the two main families of ticks alive today. Another member of the extinct Deinocrotonidae is described asDeinocroton copiasp. nov., while the first described adult female forCornupalpatum burmanicumis associated with a dinosaur feather barb.
What is the Foundation of Medical Ethics—Common Morality, Professional Norms, or Moral Philosophy?
Authors: Holm Søren 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the relation between medical ethics (ME) and common morality (CM), professional norms, and moral philosophy. It proceeds by analyzing two recent book-length critical analyses of this relationship by Bob Baker in “The Structure of Moral Revolutions—Studies of Changes in the Morality of Abortion, Death, and the Bioethics Revolution” and Rosamond Rhodes in “The Trusted Doctor—Medical Ethics and Professionalism.” It argues that despite the strengths of these critical arguments, there is nevertheless a relationship between ME, understood as the professional ethics of the healthcare professions, and both CM and moral philosophy. It also argues that ME cannot and should not be understood purely as the internally developed professional norms of the medical or healthcare professions.
Infective endocarditis in a cohort of adult CHD patients
Authors: Mano Tânia B. , Cardoso Isabel , Costa Pedro O. , Rito Tiago , Branco Luísa , Agapito Ana , Rodrigues Rui , Pinto Fátima , Fragata José , Ferreira Rui C. , de Sousa Lídia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground:CHD increases the risk of infective endocarditis due to the substrate of prosthetic materials and residual lesions. However, lesion-specific and mortality risks data are lacking. We sought to analyse clinical course and mortality of infective endocarditis in a cohort of adult CHD.Methods:Retrospective analysis of all cases of proven and probable infective endocarditis (Duke’s criteria) followed in our adult CHD clinic between 1970 and August, 2021. Epidemiological, clinical and imaging data were analysed. Predictors of surgical treatment and mortality were assessed using regression analysis.Results:During a mean follow-up of 15.8 ± 10.9 years, 96 patients had 105 infective endocarditis episodes, half with previous cardiac surgery (corrective or palliative). The most frequent diagnoses were: ventricular septal defect, bicuspid aortic valve, Tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia. The site of infection was identified by echocardiography in 82 episodes (91%), most frequently in aortic (n = 27), tricuspid (n = 15), and mitral (n = 13) valves. Blood cultures were positive in 79% of cases, being streptococci (n = 29) and staphylococci (n = 23) the predominant pathogens. Surgery was necessary in 40% and the in-hospital mortality was 10.5%, associated with heart failure (p < 0.001; OR 13.5) and a non-surgical approach (p = 0.003; OR 5.06).Conclusions:In an adult CHD cohort, infective endocarditis was more frequent in patients with ventricular septal defect and bicuspid aortic valves, which contradicts the current guidelines that excludes them from prophylaxis. Surgical treatment is often required and mortality remains substantial. Prevention of this serious complication should be one of the major tasks in the care of adults with CHD.