bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Grito de Riego (8-I-1823/17-VI-1823) en el ocaso del Trienio Liberal
Authors: Sánchez Hita Beatriz 
Published: January 2022

On présente dans ce travail une description générale de El Grito de Riego (8-I-1823/17-VI-1823). Ce périodique gaditan peu connu du Trienio Liberal témoigne dans ses pages de la situation politique confuse qui caractérise la première moitié de l'année 1823 au cours de laquelle est patente la division du libéralisme. Journal modéré, El Grito de Riego combat les intentions prêtées aux «comuneros» de s'emparer du pouvoir, tout en dénonçant le fait que les divisions entre les divers secteurs modérés contribuent à l'affaiblissement du système politique constitutionnel. L'usage de la littérature comme arme politique est particulièrement important dans cette publication et nous lui prêtons une attention toute particulière.
Glycemic Variability and Other Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Kulkarni Amruta S. , Kavitha Karakkattu V. , Sarkar Nikita S. , Purandare Vedavati B. , Bhat Savita , Tiwari Shalbha , Unnikrishnan Ambika G. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Hyperglycemia is a known risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (DR) but the association between glycemic variability and DR is unclear. We aim to evaluate the glycemic variability in DR through retrospective continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and assess its effect on the clinical profile of participants with or without DR.

Material and Methods:
Retrospective observational hospital-based case-control study. We collected anthropometric and clinical data of 74 people with type 2 diabetes from our ophthalmology database whose retrospective CGM data were available. Among them, 37 had DR (cases) and 37 did not have DR (controls). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.

Results:
Duration of diabetes and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly higher and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly lower in the cases compared to the controls. CGM markers, like time-above-range, average glucose, glucose management indicator, were higher while time-in-range was lower in the cases compared to the controls (P = ns). Time-below-range targets in people >65 years were met in a lower proportion (p < 0.05) of people in the cases (50%) compared to the controls (92%).

Conclusion:
Duration of diabetes, low eGFR, and high HbA1c showed significant association with retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Although markers of glycemic variability did not show a statistically significant difference in cases compared to controls, all indices of glycemic variability were numerically higher in people with DR. Hypoglycemia in elderly participants with DR and its implications on achieving targets requires more research.
Evaluation of Results of Ponseti Technique in Idiopathic Clubfoot using Clinical Evaluation and Radiological Assessment
Authors: Jain Ayush Kumar , Kohli Nitish , Bansal Nitish , Sahni Girish , Aggarwal Hari Om , Mathur Manoj 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Congenital clubfoot (congenital talipes equinovarus) occurs in approximately one in 1000 live births and is one of the most common congenital birth defects. The Ponseti method is at present a well-established method of treatment for idiopathic clubfoot deformities.

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the results of serial casting in clubfoot deformity with Ponseti method on the basis of Pirani's scoring and radiological findings before and after completion of treatment.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study and were treated with Ponseti's casting after grading the severity of deformity clinically by Pirani's scoring and radiological assessment by calculating the talo-first metatarsal angle in anteroposterior (AP) view and talocalcaneal angle in AP and lateral views. The same clinical and radiological assessment was done at the end of treatment before putting a patient on foot abduction orthosis (FAO).

Results:
The average number of casts applied before full correction was 5.56 (range: 5–8). The average duration of treatment was about 6.65 weeks before the patient was put on FAO. Pirani score significantly improved from an average of 5.50 (range: 4–6) on presentation to 0.24 (range: 0–2) after correction of deformity.

Conclusion:
The Ponseti method is an excellent method for the correction of all four deformities associated with congenital idiopathic clubfoot, and we found that the addition of radiographic to clinical evaluation helps in the better assessment of correction. It provides statistically significant results both clinically as measured by Pirani severity score and radiologically assessed by talocalcaneal and talo-first metatarsal angle.
Views of the elderly living in old-age homes on psychosocial care needs
Authors: Shivarudraiah Manjunatha , Ammapattian Thirumoorthy , Antony Sojan , Thangaraju Sivakumar Palanimuthu 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Older adults are likely to experience psychological and social problems due to decline in physical strength, increased health issues, inadequate financial resources, and family dynamics. In this context, they need psychosocial care services to handle such challenges. Particularly, inmates of old-age homes are more vulnerable to experience such challenges as they are away from the family care. In this background, knowing their views on psychosocial care needs while living in old-age homes is significant to improve old-age home-based care. The aim of this study is to explore the psychosocial care needs expressed by the inmates of old-age homes.

Materials and Methods:
Inmates of old-age homes were selected using purposive sampling. A total of twenty residents out of four old-age homes of Bengaluru Metropolitan City were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The qualitative content analysis has been carried out to identify core psychosocial care needs out of the text data.

Results:
Three themes, namely “health-care needs,” “concerns regarding the behavior of the staff,” and “mental health needs,” are emerged.

Conclusion:
The current study findings provide insiders' views and highlight the importance of psychosocial care services to address their needs at every old-age home.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of thiourea derivatives: synthesis, crystal structure, in-silico and in-vitro biological evaluation
Authors: A. Raza M. , Sharif A. , Danish M. , Ur Rehman S. , Budzianowski A. , K. Maurin J. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. In this study, five different thiourea derivatives were synthesized from aryl amines according to the reported method. 1-Benzoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea (2) was confirmed with single crystal XRD analysis while 1-benzoyl-3-phenylthiourea (1), 1-benzoyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiourea (3), 1-benzoyl-3-(2-nitrophenyl) thiourea (4) and 1-benzoyl-3-p-tolylthiourea (5) were elucidated with FTIR and NMR techniques. The geometry optimization of the targeted molecules was accomplished with density functional theory applying B3LYP function. The experimental (XRD) and calculated (DFT) bond angles and bond lengths were compared. The frontier molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatic potential were computed to determine the charge density distribution and possible sites for electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of the crystalline compound. The synthesized compounds were evaluated as an anti-radical scavenger and enzyme (esterases and protease) inhibitor using in-vitro models. The results confirmed that the synthesized molecules have good anti-oxidant property while a moderate enzyme inhibiting activity. Docking study was conducted with acetylcholine and butyrylcholine esterase which suggested that molecules under study have a potential to inhibit these esterases and protease enzymes. On the basis of in-vitro studies, it is concluded that compound 2 is most active against all tested assays.

KEY WORDS: Thiourea, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Enzyme inhibition, Density functional theory, Docking studies

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 587-600.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.10
Red-sea dolomite as a sustainable catalyst in the synthesis of bis-indolyl methanes with molecular docking validation as HIV-1 replication inhibitor
Authors: Abdelghany M. , K. Khatab T. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. Dolomite minerals were collected from the Red Sea Mountains around the Sokhna region. The rock was collected, rinsed, and crushed using a ball mailing machine and used without further purification. The dolomite sample was characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM/EDAX, and mapping to ensure their composition and homogeneity. The obtained data reveal that the presence of a homogenous crystalline structure of CaMg(CO3)2. The characterized rock was used as a catalyst in the eco-friendly synthesis of bis-indolyl methane derivatives by reacting two moles of unsubstituted indole and various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of Red-Sea Dolomite mineral as an economical, recyclable, easily obtained, and nontoxic catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The molecular docking study explained that the bis-indolyl methane can be considered as a small molecule stimulator of HIV-1 frameshifting and inhibitor of viral replication.

KEY WORDS: Indole, Dolomite, HIV-1, Catalyst, Frameshifting, Viral replication

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 647-657.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.15
Microrods synthesized of MoO3 with corn straw as biological templates and its electrochemical performance in aqueous aluminum-ion battery
Authors: Sun J. , Dong Y. , Wang X. , Cao J. , Gong M. , Li C. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. In this paper, MoO3 microrods were prepared using corn straw as biological template via roasting process The components and crystal characterization of the material were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD)，scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the electrochemistry property and mechanism were studied. The results showed that the MoO3 material synthesized by template method is orthorhombic structures. The MoO3 particles were submicron and micron rods with uniform distribution and a smooth surface. MoO3 microrods had an average diameter that ranged from 1 to 2 μm. The result indicated that the MoO3 as the new negative of aluminum battery delivers a higher discharge capacity of 190 mA·h·g-1 at a scanning rate of 1 mV·s-1, which showing good capacity and cycling performance.

KEY WORDS: Biological template, Corn straw, Aqueous aluminum-ion battery, MoO3

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 669-675.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.17
Chemical constituents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Beilschmiedia insignis Gamble
Authors: M. N. H. W. Salleh W. , A. Nafiah M. , H. Jauri M. , Khamis S. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT. Secondary metabolites from natural products are potential sources of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which are key enzymes in the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases. Inspired by the reported activities of alkaloids herein we report the chemical investigation on the chemical constituents from Beilschmiedia insignis and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Isolation of the stem bark of B. insignis led to the isolation and identification of five aporphine alkaloids, namely isocorydine (1), norisocorydine (2), (+)-laurotetanine (3), (+)-N-methyllaurotetanine (4), and (+)-boldine (5), together with β-sitosterol (6), β-sitostenone (7), lupeol (8), and lupenone (9). The chemical structures of these compounds were obtained by analysis of their spectroscopic data, as well as the comparison with that of reported data. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity revealed that all isolated alkaloids were found to inhibit AChE with percentage inhibition values ranged from 44.9 to 74.5%. This is the first report on phytochemicals from B. insignis.

KEY WORDS: Lauraceae, Beilschmiedia insignis, Alkaloid, Acetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 685-691.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.19
Estrategias de mercadotecnia que implementan las pymes cuando se encuentran en ambientes violentos y de inseguridad
Authors: García Villanueva Migdalia Annel , Sánchez Baltasar Laura Berenice 
Published: January 2022

La mercadotecnia se ha conceptualizado como el intercambio de bienes y servicios con la finalidad de satisfacer las necesidades del consumidor, por lo que a través del tiempo se han diseñado estrategias que tienen como objetivo cumplir con tal encomienda, sin embargo, en la actualidad las PyMES se están enfrentando a retos en mercados cambiantes y turbulentos por lo que se establecen las siguientes preguntas de investigación: ¿Cómo sobreviven las PyMES en entornos violentos? ¿Como aplican los dueños de las PyMES las estrategias de mercadotecnia? ¿Cómo realizan las actividades de comercialización? El tema de inseguridad en la actualidad esta teniendo repercusiones no solo a nivel social sino también empresarial, algunos autores mencionan los costos que han tenido que afrontar los empresarios al encontrarse en esta situación y las medidas cautelares que han tenido que establecer con la finalidad de resguardarse, en el presente avance de tesis se hace una revisión del contexto del impacto de la violencia e inseguridad que han tenido las PyMES en la zona centro de Guerrero, teniendo como objetivo principal diagnosticar los tipos de estrategias de mercadotecnia que implementan las PyMES.
Abstract
The term Marketing has been conceptualized as the exchange of goods and services in order to satisfy the needs of the consumer, so, over time strategies have been designed which have the objective of complying with this command. However, nowadays the MIPyMES are facing changes and challenges on turbulent markets and because of the mentioned it is establishing the following research questions: How do MIPyMES survive in violent environments? How do MIPyMES owners apply marketing strategies? How do they carry out the marketing? The topic of insecurity today is having repercussions not only at the social level but also at the business one; some authors mention the costs that entrepreneurs have to face when they are in this situation and the precautionary measures they have had to establish in order to protect themselves. In this thesis progress, a review is made on the context and the impact of violence and insecurity that MIPyMES have had in the central zone of ​​Guerrero, with the main objective of making an adequate diagnostic on the types of marketing strategies that MIPyMES.
Modelo de valores en competencia en una universidad pública colombiana de origen militar
Authors: Tovar Zambrano Martha Beatriz , Hernández Sampieri Roberto 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo es producto de una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo, que estableció como objetivos: caracterizar la cultura organizacional actual y preferida de una universidad pública colombiana de origen militar (UPCOM), mediante la validación y aplicación en línea del Instrumento de Evaluación (OCAI) del Modelo de Valores en Competencia (MVC), para aportar teorización. Como resultado de investigación se encontró que la cultura actual es jerárquica para toda la institución y la preferida es Clan. En este sentido, se evidenció que el MVC permite caracterizar la cultura de una universidad con características particulares como la UPCOM.
Abstract
This article is the product of a research with a quantitative approach, which established as objectives: to characterize the current and preferred organizational culture of a Colombian public university of military origin (UPCOM), through the validation and online application of the Assessment Instrument (OCAI) of the Model of Values in Competence (MVC), in order to provide theorization. As a result of the research, it was found that the current culture is hierarchical for the whole institution and the preferred one is Clan. In this sense, it became evident that the CVM allows characterizing the culture of a university with particular characteristics such as UPCOM.
Perancangan Prototype Tampilan Antarmuka Berbasis Web Mobile Pada Toko Amira Kosmetik
Authors: Aulia Diana Dwi , Aminah Siti , Sundari Deny 
Published: January 2022

Abstrak: Dalam penelitian ini merupakan perancangan Prototype sebagai desain suatu sistem jual beli berbasis Web Mobile pada Toko Amira, dimana penilitian ini dilakukan pada Toko Penjualan Kosmetik yang ada di kota Sampit. Metode dalam Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara dan observasi pada toko serta melakukan Analisa desain system agar mudah digunakan bagi pengguna. Desain ini dibangun menggunakan Figma yang mana aplikasi didesain khusus untuk desain prototype. Dengan adanya desain antarmuka yang sudah dibuat diharap memudahkan programmer dalam pengembangan sistem yang akan dibangun nantinya, dan tujuan lainnya adalah untuk memberikan kemudahan kepada pengguna dengan tampilan yang userfriendly. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini berupa desain tampilan berbasis web mobile pada toko amira kosmetikKata kunci: Perancangan Sistem Antarmuka, Penjualan Online, Web MobileAbstract: This research is a prototype design as the design of a mobile Web-based buying and selling system at the Amira Store, where this research was carried out at the Cosmetic Sales Store in Sampit. Methods in collecting data are interviews and observations at the store and analyzing the system design so that it is easy to use for users. This design was built using Figma, where the application was designed specifically for prototype design. With the interface design that has been made, it is hoped that it will make it easier for programmers to develop the system built later. Another goal is to provide convenience to users with a user-friendly appearance. The results of this study are in the form of a mobile web-based display design at the Amira Cosmetics shop.Keywords: Interface System Design, Online Sales, Web Mobile
The role of microfinance in funding Small & Medium Enterprises: Harekello Town of Goro Dolla District in Focus, Ethiopia
Authors: Hussen Sufiyan , Wodajo Mengesha Robso , Tasențe Tănase 
Published: January 2022

This study examines the role of the Microfinance on funding of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Gorodola Harakallo town. This study was exploring the role of microfinance institutions on small and medium enterprise as well as the extent to which the small business have benefited from the credits scheme of microfinance institution. The specific objectives of this study were as follows; to determine at what extent role of microfinance lead to increase the volume of gross sales of participants and to understand other factors that affect SME’s growth. This study tries to answer two important questions: To what extent does microfinance lead to increase the growth of sale costumer? What are the factors that affect small and medium enterprise growth? The literature review also describes the objectives and function of MFIs, role of microfinance policy, development and policy of SMEs challenges and opportunity and relationship between MFIs and SMEs. With regard to the above objectives in mind, the research is carried out by gathering primary data through questionnaires and interviews with key informants. In addition, secondary sources of data have also been used. Eventually, using a mix of qualitative and quantitative tools, the study found out that SMEs have played positive role in improving income, creation of employment and improving the quality of life of the participants of the enterprises in the study area.
KEBERHASILAN SEORANG PEMIMPIN GEREJA SEBAGAI SEORANG PANUTAN DAN DAMPAKNYA DALAM PERTUMBUHAN GEREJA
Authors: Kristandi Darren 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Does a good leader put vision and mission to be the primary goal in his or her leadership? A leader has a particular vision, mission, and leadership style. Hence, he or she will not be a “puppet” controlled by others. A leader should be capable of influencing others, not otherwise. Because of the dynamic nature of leadership, a leader must always keep learning. This article uses a qualitative method focusing on the literature research. The article concludes that a Christian leader’s quality is known, at least, by how others consider him or her to be an example because of his quality, potential, loyalty, and honesty. Abstrak: Apakah sebagai pemimpin yang baik itu harus menjadikan visi dan misi menjadi tujuan utama dalam mencapai hasil dalam kepemimpinan? Pemimpin adalah orang yang memiliki visi dan misi serta gaya kepemimpinan sendiri. Dengan demikian, dia tidak menjadi “boneka” yang hanya menjalankan kemauan dan tuntutan orang lain. Pemimpin adalah orang yang mampu mempengaruhi orang lain, bukan sebaliknya. Mengingat kepemimpinan bersifat dinamis, seorang pemimin perlu terus belajar. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan fokus pada studi literatur. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pemimpin Kristen dapat diketahui, setidaknya, dari apakah pemimpin sudah menjadi dijadikan panutan oleh mereka yang dipimpin karena mutu/kualitas, potensi, loyalitas dan kejujurannya teruji dan terbukti.
GEREJA RAMAH ANAK MEMBUKA PINTU GEREJA BAGI ANAK-ANAK DENGAN DISABILITAS DAN KELUARGA MEREKA
Authors: . Lidanial 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The church as a community of embodiment of God’s love and acceptance should be a place where children with disabilities and their families can feel accepted, loved, valued, and considered part of the church regardless of their conditions. However, it is scarce to find a church with a particular ministry or accompaniment program where children with disabilities and their families, especially their parents or caregivers, get services and opportunities to participate in the ministry. How should the church address the presence of children with disabilities and their families from a biblical perspective? This article results from a literature review that is integrated with the author’s experience in assisting children with disabilities and their families. Local churches need to immediately respond to God’s calling to serve children with disabilities and their families by starting to think seriously and plan particular service and accompaniment programs for children with disabilities and their families that God presents amid church life. Abstrak: Gereja sebagai komunitas perwujudan kasih dan penerimaan Allah seharusnya menjadi tempat di mana anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka dapat merasa diterima, dikasihi, dihargai, dan dianggap sebagai bagian dari gereja, bagaimana pun kondisi mereka. Tetapi, sangat jarang ditemukan gereja yang mempunyai program pelayanan atau pendampingan khusus di mana anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka, khususnya orang tua atau pengasuh (care giver) mereka, mendapatkan pelayanan dan kesempatan untuk mengambil bagian dalam pelayanan. Bagaimana seharusnya gereja menyikapi kehadiran anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka berdasarkan perspektif Alkitab? Artikel ini merupakan hasil kajian literatur yang diintegrasikan dengan pengalaman penulis dalam pelayanan pendampingan anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka. Gereja-gereja lokal perlu segera merespons panggilan Tuhan untuk melayani anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka dengan mulai memikirkan secara serius serta merencanakan program pelayanan dan pendampingan khusus bagi anak-anak dengan disabilitas dan keluarga mereka yang Tuhan hadirkan di tengah kehidupan bergereja.