bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Osteoid Osteoma and Ankylosing Spondylitis in Some Way Linked? A Case Report
Authors: Chiheub Riad , Remita Kamel 
Published: March 2022

We present a 35-year-old male, who initially complained of progressive and persistent inflammatory back pain for 2 years, which was diagnosed as a T12 thoracic spine osteoid osteoma. The patient underwent intralesional resection of the tumor via a posterior approach, with immediate post-operative pain relief, and 2 years of pain-free spine interval. Recently, the patient presented with an inflammatory back pain. Visual Analogic Scale (V.A.S) was 7/10 and stiffness,The Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS) was 30/60, suggesting a recurrence of the spinal Osteoid Osteoma (OO), diagnosis ruled out giving the negativity of the spine MRI and CT scan. Therefore, an ankylosing spondylitis was suspected, hence, sacroiliac joints MRI was performed, depicting an active bilateral sacroiliitis, confirming the diagnosis of AS according to ASAS criteria. The aim of this paper is to point out similarities between OO and AS and their clinical and probable therapeutic implications. Though few cases of their association have been reported in the literature, both of bone osteoblastic tumors and Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) share a number of common features, which let us assuming a possible relationship and therefore, the necessity to assess for sacroiliitis in patients with osteoid osteoma. Differential diagnosis should be considered especially in patients with inflammatory back pain. Moreover, a purely pharmacological approach to the management of OO by the use of biological agents may be considered.
Barriers and facilitators to clinical implementation of radiotherapy treatment planning automation: A survey study of medical dosimetrists
Authors: Petragallo Rachel , Bardach Naomi , Ramirez Ezequiel , Lamb James M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeLittle is known about the scale of clinical implementation of automated treatment planning techniques in the United States. In this work, we examine the barriers and facilitators to adoption of commercially available automated planning tools into the clinical workflow using a survey of medical dosimetrists.Methods/materialsSurvey questions were developed based on a literature review of automation research and cognitive interviews of medical dosimetrists at our institution. Treatment planning automation was defined to include auto‐contouring and automated treatment planning. Survey questions probed frequency of use, positive and negative perceptions, potential implementation changes, and demographic and institutional descriptive statistics. The survey sample was identified using both a LinkedIn search and referral requests sent to physics directors and senior physicists at 34 radiotherapy clinics in our state. The survey was active from August 2020 to April 2021.ResultsThirty‐four responses were collected out of 59 surveys sent. Three categories of barriers to use of automation were identified. The first related to perceptions of limited accuracy and usability of the algorithms. Eighty‐eight percent of respondents reported that auto‐contouring inaccuracy limited its use, and 62% thought it was difficult to modify an automated plan, thus limiting its usefulness. The second barrier relates to the perception that automation increases the probability of an error reaching the patient. Third, respondents were concerned that automation will make their jobs less satisfying and less secure. Large majorities reported that they enjoyed plan optimization, would not want to lose that part of their job, and expressed explicit job security fears.ConclusionTo our knowledge this is the first systematic investigation into the views of automation by medical dosimetrists. Potential barriers and facilitators to use were explicitly identified. This investigation highlights several concrete approaches that could potentially increase the translation of automation into the clinic, along with areas of needed research.
Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles with Intramolecular Motion‐Induced Photothermy for Tumor Phototheranostics and Tooth Root Canal Therapy
Authors: Duan Xingchen , Zhang Qianyu , Jiang Yu , Wu Xinying , Yue Xin , Geng Yanhou , Shen Jing , Ding Dan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMuch effort is devoted to develop agents with superior photoacoustic/photothermal properties for improved disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a new fused two isoindigo (DIID)‐based semiconducting conjugated polymer (named PBDT‐DIID) is rationally designed and synthesized with a strong near‐infrared absorption band ranging from 700 to 1000 nm. Water‐dispersing nanoparticles (NPs) of PBDT‐DIID are prepared with good biocompatibility and a rather high photothermal conversion efficiency (70.6%), as the active excited‐state intramolecular twist around the central double bonds in DIID permits most of the absorbed excitation energy flow to heat deactivation pathway through internal conversion. The photoacoustic signal can be further magnified by incorporation of polylactide (PLA) in the NP core to confine the generated heat of PBDT‐DIID within NPs. The resultant doped NPs show excellent performance in photoacoustic imaging‐guided photothermal therapy in an orthotopic 4T1 breast tumor‐bearing mouse model. It is also found that the photothermal effect of the PBDT‐DIID NPs is safe and quite efficacious to highly improve the root canal treatment outcome by heating the 1% NaClO solution inside the root canal upon 808 nm laser irradiation in a human extracted tooth root canal infection model.
Uniform Lithium Deposition Induced by Double Lithiophobic Sandwich Structure for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Zhijian , Yang Hao , Qing Piao , Wei Weifeng , Ji Xiaobo , Chen Yuejiao , Chen Libao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe uncontrollable dendrite growth and complex interfacial reactions are still challenging issues hindering the practical applications of lithium (Li) metal anode. A variety of materials are widely studied to regulate the surface properties of Li metal anode except for the lithiophobic materials. This study shows that a double lithiophobic sandwich structure can induce uniform Li deposition to suppress Li dendrite growth at the nucleating stage. A hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) particle layer on Cu foil (h‐BN@Cu) is prepared as the research target to intensely explore the fundamental role of the lithiophobic h‐BN layer on the diffusion and nucleation behavior of Li on the Cu surface. The h‐BN layer makes the h‐BN@Cu interface possess lower adsorption energy and more substantial charge transfer, leading to the “h‐BN‐Li‐Cu” sandwich deposition mode. Theoretical calculations, in situ monitoring, and experimental tests confirm the relevance between uniform Li deposition and the h‐BN@Cu interface structure. The h‐BN@Cu anode enables a significantly improved lifespan (over 550 h) compared to the Cu anode and enhanced cycling stability when assembled in whole cells with LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode. This discovery provides a new insight into h‐BN and other lithiophobic materials as a protective layer to improve the Li deposition behavior.
Negative Refraction Acoustic Lens Based on Elastic Shell Encapsulated Bubbles
Authors: Cai Zheren , Zhao Shengdong , Huang Zhandong , Li Zheng , Su Meng , Zhang Zeying , Zhao Zhipeng , Song Yanlin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdvanced devices for acoustic negative refraction and cloaking can be achieved by utilizing acoustic metamaterials. However, the capacities of acoustic metamaterials often are weakened or even disappear when considering thermoviscous loss and damping, which limits the applications of metamaterials. Here, the negative refraction and acoustic imaging capacity of acoustic metamaterials that are comprised of 2D underwater elastic shell encapsulated bubble arrays numerically and experimentally is verified. The influence of thermoviscous loss and damping in solid structures on imaging is discussed. The transmission loss can be reduced by structural optimization. Accordingly, focusing of the sound emitted by a point source is achieved using a flat metamaterial slab whose effective refractive index is −1, which is promising for underwater acoustic imaging.
Microfluidic Platforms for the Production of Nanoparticles at Flow Rates Larger Than One Liter Per Hour
Authors: Giorello Antonella , Nicastro Alcides , Berli Claudio L. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe convergence of microfluidics and nanotechnology has demonstrated a synergetic potential for the preparation of advanced pharmaceutics. Nowadays, there is a renewed interest in the subject, boosted by the approval of nucleic acid‐loaded lipid‐based nanoparticles. Microfluidics enables the physical scenario to achieve well‐controlled formulations and plays an essential role in nanocarriers development; nevertheless, technical improvements are still required to reach the production rates demanded by the good manufacturing practice of the pharmaceutical industry. Here, the advances recently made to upscale the microfluidic preparation of nanoparticles are revised. The analysis was specifically focused on microfluidic methods producing liters per hour. The state‐of‐art technology has been studied after a comprehensive examination of the disclosed developments, covering both scientific papers and invention patents. An abridged overview of how the processes designed at the benchtop scale (milliliters per hour) are being translated to industrial scales (liters per hour) is also presented.
Patterned and Collective Motion of Densely Packed Tapered Multiresponsive Liquid Crystal Cilia
Authors: van Raak Roel J. H. , Houben Simon J. A. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. , Broer Dirk J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCilia are of vital importance for myriad of natural functions such as the propulsion of microorganisms or the cleaning of the mammalian respiratory system. These cilia often show coupled 3D shape changes, such as waves, to perform their function. Here, we present a versatile platform to fabricate artificial micrometer‐sized azobenzene‐doped liquid crystal polymer cilia by replica molding from a track‐etched polyimide membrane. The cilia are tuneable in their size and show excellent homogeneity and high number densities over large areas. By electrically aligning the liquid crystal monomers in a splay alignment during photopolymerization, the symmetry in most cilia is broken, which allows them to reversibly bend toward a predetermined side when exposed to heat or UV light. When the applied stimulus is carefully controlled, the response can be tuned in speed and magnitude. Addressing both the trans‐ and cis‐isomers of the azobenzene derivative simultaneously makes the cilia oscillate out of plane continuously in a preprogrammed pattern with a frequency and amplitude of choice, without any obvious signs of fatigue. Thanks to the versatility of this cilia platform, a wide range of applications such as transporting loads in confined spaces, self‐cleaning surfaces, haptics, or energy generation is foreseen.
Deterministic Robust Planning and Probabilistic Techno‐Economic Assessment of a Sector Coupled Community Energy System
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Namrata Kumari , Samadhiya Akshit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a systematic approach to examine the techno‐economical impact of a renewable based prosumer centric hybrid energy system (HES) connected to the local distribution grid. Systematic approach includes deterministic and probabilistic framework for optimal planning, scheduling, management, and assessment of HES. During the initiation stage, major components of the HES are identified as solar, Li‐ion batteries and biomass to enable cross‐sectoral participation whereas electric vehicle (EV) charging to promote smart electric‐mobility. Through stage‐wise data collection, processing, and training, hourly solar‐radiation historical data is classified into three seasons through kernelized space‐vector approach. Similarly, probabilistic assessment of EV arrival rate and charging requests are estimated through historical charging data. Based on initial system architecture, deterministic approach includes objective function formulation and its optimal solution through aggrandized class topper optimization (ACTO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and JAYA algorithm. The objective function is realized through upper‐level economic problem and lower‐level technical sub‐problems. Analyzing the convergence characteristics, the optimal system dynamics and capacity estimated using ACTO is considered as the best with a minimum cost of energy of Rs. 4.235 per kWh. Finally, the probabilistic assessment is carried out through three levels of uncertainty to examine the system cost variations in each scenario.
Engineering the Defects and Microstructures in Ferroelectrics for Enhanced/Novel Properties: An Emerging Way to Cope with Energy Crisis and Environmental Pollution
Authors: Dong Wen , Xiao Hongyuan , Jia Yanmin , Chen Long , Geng Huangfu , Bakhtiar Syed Ul Hasnain , Fu Qiuyun , Guo Yiping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the past century, ferroelectrics are well known in electroceramics and microelectronics for their unique ferroelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and photovoltaic effects. Nowadays, the advances in understanding and tuning of these properties have greatly promoted a broader application potential especially in energy and environmental fields, by harvesting solar, mechanical, and heat energies. For example, high piezoelectricity and high pyroelectricity can be designed by defect or microstructure engineering for piezo‐ and pyro‐catalyst, respectively. Moreover, highly piezoelectric and broadband (UV–Vis–NIR) light‐responsive ferroelectrics can be designed via defect engineering, giving rise to a new concept of photoferroelectrics for efficient photocatalysis, piezocatalysis, pyrocatalysis, and related cocatalysis. This article first summarizes the recent developments in ferroelectrics in terms of piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and photovoltaic effects based on defect and microstructure engineering. Then, the potential applications in energy generation (i.e., photovoltaic effect, H2generation, and self‐powered multisource energy harvesting and signal sensing) and environmental protection (i.e., photo‐piezo‐pyro‐ cocatalytic dye degradation and CO2reduction) are reviewed. Finally, the outlook and challenges are discussed. This article not only covers an overview of the state‐of‐art advances of ferroelectrics, but also prospects their applications in coping with energy crisis and environmental pollution.
Tunneling‐Effect‐Boosted Interfacial Charge Trapping toward Photo‐Organic Transistor Memory
Authors: Wei Zi‐Yuan , Prakoso Suhendro Purbo , Li Yen‐Ting , Chiu Yu‐Cheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractControlling exciton dynamics at organic semiconductor interfaces is of fundamental and practical importance, for example, in an organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) photomemory that possesses multifunctional applications. Moreover, the intrinsic properties of embedded charge storage layer may limit the device performances. This report introduces a concept of tunneling‐effect‐assisted interfacial charge trapping and takes full benefit of inherent rich surface traps of dielectrics for OFET photomemory. By controlling the thickness of barrier interlayer between active channel and dielectric, the trapped charge injection and dissipation can be regulated precisely. As a result, excellent transistor characteristics display an inconspicuous threshold voltage shift and hysteresis in dark or light exposure, while the same device can exhibit an outstanding memory behavior upon a gate bias pulse in bright situation. Without any additional materials handling such as photoactive charge storage layer into the construction, it can promise a low‐cost, facile, and versatile device fabrication.
Coloring Chemistry – Wie eine bewusste Farbwahl die chemische Kommunikation verbessert
Authors: Kaspar Felix , Crameri Fabio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFarbe ist ein zentrales Element in der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation, jedoch bringt ihre Verwendung die Verantwortung mit sich, eine allgemein zugängliche und akkurate Darstellung von Daten und Zusammenhängen zu gewährleisten. Dieser kurze Viewpoint soll dazu dienen, die chemische Gemeinschaft für die Bedeutung einer bewussten Farbwahl in wissenschaftlichen Illustrationen zu sensibilisieren.
A Liquid Interfacial SERS Platform on a Nanoparticle Array Stabilized by Rigid Probes for the Quantification of Norepinephrine in Rat Brain Microdialysates
Authors: Shi Lu , Liu Mengmeng , Zhang Limin , Tian Yang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor the reliable determination of trace chemicals in the brain, we created a SERS platform based on a functionalized AuNPs array formed at a liquid/liquid interface in a uniform fashion over a large substrate area through ternary regulations for real‐time quantification of trace norepinephrine (NE). The rigid molecule, 4‐(thiophen‐3‐ylethynyl)‐benzaldehyde (RP1) was designed and co‐assembled at AuNPs with 4‐mercaptophenylboronic acid (MPBA) to chemically define NE via dual recognition. Meanwhile, the rigid structure assembly of RP1 and MPBA efficiently fixed the interparticle gap, guaranteeing reproducible SERS analysis. Furthermore, the Raman peak of C≡C group in the silent region was taken as a response element to further improve the accuracy. Combined with microdialysis, this SERS platform was developed for in‐the‐field testing of NE in rat brain microdialysates following anxiety.
Entropy Enhanced Perovskite Oxide Ceramic for Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of Oxygen to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Chen Ziliang , Wu Jie , Chen Zhengran , Yang Hongyuan , Zou Kai , Zhao Xiangyong , Liang Ruihong , Dong Xianlin , Menezes Prashanth W. , Kang Zhenhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) offers a most promising and efficient route to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), yet the lack of cost‐effective and high‐performance electrocatalysts have restricted its practical application. Herein, an entropy‐enhancement strategy has been employed to enable the low‐cost perovskite oxide to effectively catalyze the electrosynthesis of H2O2. The optimized Pb(NiWMnNbZrTi)1/6O3 ceramic is available on a kilogram‐scale and displays commendable ORR activity in alkaline media with high selectivity over 91 % across the wide potential range for H2O2 including an outstanding degradation property for organic dyes through the Fenton process. The exceptional performance of this perovskite oxide is attributed to the entropy stabilization‐induced polymorphic transformation assuring the robust structural stability, decreased charge mobility as well as synergistic catalytic effects which we confirm using advanced in situ Raman, transient photovoltage, Rietveld refinement as well as finite elemental analysis.
Asymmetric Redox Allylic Alkylation to Access 3,3′‐Disubstituted Oxindoles Enabled by Ni/NHC Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Fan Tao , Song Jin , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe feasibility of cooperative catalysis between chiral N‐heterocyclic carbenes and nickel in asymmetric reactions has been demonstrated convincingly. The high efficiency of this catalytic system enables the asymmetric allylic alkylation of isatin‐derived enals with allylic carbonates and [3+3] annulation with racemic vinyl epoxides to provide straightforward access to highly enantioenriched 3,3’‐disubstituted oxindoles. The great practicality of this method in organic synthesis has been showcased by facile product modification and enantioselective synthesis of the key building block to access (−)‐debromoflustramine B.
Cognitive engagement on social media: A study of the effects of visual cueing in educational videos
Authors: Shen Zixing , Pritchard Michael J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe popularity of video on social media has been on a steady rise. Yet, given the criticality of engagement in computer‐mediated activities, research on engagement with videos on social media is scarce. Motivated by this research gap, we theorize and test the effects of visual cueing on cognitive engagement with videos on social media. We distinguish between voluntary and involuntary visual cues. Textual and visual signals are voluntary visual cues used deliberately to alter behavior. Involuntary visual cues such as color contrast and visual complexity direct people without their awareness. We conceptualize cognitive engagement at two levels – shallow and deep. Our analyses of YouTube videos show that visual and textual signals affect both shallow and deep cognitive engagement. Color contrast contributes to neither shallow nor deep cognitive engagement, and visual complexity boosts only deep cognitive engagement. This study adds to the theoretical understanding of cognitive engagement and visual cueing and substantiates the empirical knowledge on the effects of visual cueing on cognitive engagement with videos. Furthermore, this study is valuable for video designers and developers to optimize video engagement with the appropriate use of visual cueing.
Zerumbone‐induced reactive oxygen species‐mediated oxidative stress re‐sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel
Authors: Li Jutao , Wang Lingying , Sun Yuxin , Wang Zhe , Qian Ye , Duraisamy Vidhya , Antary Tawfiq M. Al 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChemotherapy is an effective approach for cancer therapy when plant‐derived sensitizers are combined with chemotherapeutics. Zerumbone, a natural phytochemical, has been documented to have various pharmacological roles. Here, we evaluated the chemosensitization potential of zerumbone in a breast cancer cell line in vitro. Zerumbone‐induced cytotoxicity in MCF‐7 cells was assessed by 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazole‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)‐based metabolic analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated mitochondrial membrane alterations, DNA damage, and apoptotic morphological changes were measured by fluorescence microscopy methods. A biochemical assay was employed to analyze Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant levels. Apoptotic marker expression levels were investigated by immunoblotting. MTT assay revealed that zerumbone significantly enhanced paclitaxel (PTX)‐induced cell death in breast cancer cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that zerumbone (15 μM) significantly enhanced ROS when combined with PTX (1 μM) treatment. Additionally, we observed that zerumbone enhanced the impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative DNA damage, thereby inducing apoptosis in combination with PTX. Western blot analysis indicated that zerumbone significantly upregulated BAX, caspase‐7, and caspase‐9 expression and decreased BCL‐2 expression, thereby inducing proapoptotic protein‐mediated cell death combined with PTX. The prooxidant properties of zerumbone potentially resensitize breast cancer cells to PTX by enhancing intracellular ROS‐mediated oxidative stress.