bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a nurse education programme on oral feeding in a neonatal unit
Authors: Beissel Anne , Denis Angélique , Laborie Sophie , Pillet Fabienne , Gauthier‐Moulinier Hélène , Hommey Sophie , Tume Lyvonne N. , Butin Marine , Touzet Sandrine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPremature neonates often experience feeding difficulties during their hospital stay, and evidence‐based interventions have been shown to improve feeding outcomes.AimThis study investigated whether an infant‐cue based nurse educational feeding bundle accelerates the achievement of independent oral feeding in neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit.Study DesignA quality improvement study with a pre, during and post intervention test design. All premature neonates admitted to the unit were eligible. The feeding programme included a four‐month nurse training module and nurse coaching.ResultsA hundred and twenty‐five nurses or nurse assistants attended the programme and 706 neonates were included. The median time to independent oral feeding (IOF) was 40, 36 and 37 days, respectively, for pre, during and post intervention. The reduction in time to IOF observed during the post‐intervention period compared with the baseline period was significant (HR = 1.32, CI 95%: 1.01–1.74). No difference was noted in the length of hospital stay between the three study periods.ConclusionsAn infant‐cue based nurse educational feeding bundle can promote earlier achievement of IOF in preterm neonates.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis quality improvement study demonstrates the impact that a nurse‐driven intervention in neonatal care can have on improving practice. Feeding interventions involve the early introduction of oral feeding, non‐nutritive sucking (NNS), and oral motor stimulation, and should be individualized for each neonate. These individualized feeding interventions applied by all nurses and assistant nurses, can facilitate the achievement of earlier independent oral feeding in preterm infants and should be included in neonatal critical care nurse education programs.
Nursing for the Chthulucene: Abolition, affirmation, antifascism
Authors: Hopkins‐Walsh Jane , Dillard‐Wright Jessica , Brown Brandon B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCritical posthumanism as a philosophical, antifascist nonhierarchical imagination for nursing offers a liberatory passageway forward amidst environmental collapse, an epic pandemic, global authoritarianism, extreme health and wealth disparities, over‐reliance on technology and empirics, and unjust societal systems based in whiteness. Drawing upon philosophical and theoretical works from Black and Indigenous scholars, Haraway's idea of the Chthulucene, Deleuze and Guattari's rhizomatic thought, and Kaba's abolitionist organizing among others, we as activist nurse scholars continue the speculative discussion outlined in prior papers. Here we further imagine how we can engage a radical philosophical mission of care for all beings human and non, walking and working alongside the people and communities nurses accompany, connected as we are on this dystopian celestial orb. Discussion is centred on critical analyses of traditional justice framing in nursing, and on the praxis possibilities found within rhizomatic thought, making kin, and just episteme while knitting filaments of nursing theory and history, humming song lyrics from collective memory, and critically dismantling received wisdoms to stumble toward a more emancipatory present future.
Calcium status assessment at the population level: Candidate approaches and challenges
Authors: Rana Ziaul H. , Bourassa Megan W. , Gomes Filomena , Khadilkar Anuradha , Mandlik Rubina , Owino Victor , Pettifor John M. , Roth Daniel E. , Shlisky Julie , Thankachan Prashanth , Weaver Connie M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInadequate dietary calcium intake is a global public health problem that disproportionately affects low‐ and middle‐income countries. However, the calcium status of a population is challenging to measure, and there are no standard methods to identify high‐risk communities even in settings with an elevated prevalence of a disease caused or exacerbated by low calcium intake (e.g., rickets). The calcium status of a population depends on numerous factors, including intake of calcium‐rich foods; the bioavailability of the types of calcium consumed in foods and supplements; and population characteristics, including age, sex, vitamin D status, and genetic attributes that influence calcium retention and absorption. The aim of this narrative review was to assess candidate indicators of population‐level calcium status based on a range of biomarkers and measurement methods, including dietary assessment, calcium balance studies, hormonal factors related to calcium, and health outcomes associated with low calcium status. Several promising approaches were identified, but there was insufficient evidence of the suitability of any single indicator to assess population calcium status. Further research is required to develop and validate specific indicators of calcium status that could be derived from the analysis of data or samples that are feasibly collected in population‐based surveys.
Activation of lesion projection zone in primary visual cortex is dependent on bilateral central vision loss in patients with end‐stage glaucoma
Authors: Zhu Wenqing , Liu Tingting , Li Mengwei , Sun Xinghuai , He Sheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate activation of the lesion projection zone (LPZ) in the primary visual cortex during end‐stage glaucoma using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), as well as the relationship between fMRI responses and clinical data.MethodsTwelve subjects with bilateral end‐stage glaucoma (group A), 12 with unilateral end‐stage glaucoma (group B) and 12 healthy controls (group C) were enrolled. fMRI was performed under two testing stimuli conditions: passive viewing of a full‐field flickering checkerboard and active viewing of a one‐back task with scene images. In fMRI analysis, the primary visual cortex was divided into six regions of interest (ROIs). The beta values of the six ROIs were compared across the three groups using one‐way analysis of variance under two viewing conditions. Associations between the fMRI beta value and clinical data including multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), microperimeter‐1 and optical coherence tomography were analysed by Spearman correlation.ResultsThe beta values for ROIs 1–3 representing the LPZ were significantly different between the three groups under active viewing conditions, whereas no significant changes were detected under passive viewing. In group A, there were significant differences between all six ROIs for the two viewing conditions, while no significant differences were found in groups B and C. In group A, the P‐wave amplitudes of the mfERG was significantly correlated with the beta values of ROIs 1 and 2 under active viewing. In addition, the P‐wave latencies of the mfERG were significantly correlated with the beta values for ROIs 2–5. No associations were found between fMRI beta values and clinical data in groups B and C.ConclusionsActivation of the LPZ in the primary visual cortex was observed in patients with bilateral end‐stage glaucoma under active viewing conditions. These changes were correlated with residual retinal function.
The emotional impact of self‐criticism on self‐reflection and rumination
Authors: Dunn Nicole A. , Luchner Andrew F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe goals of this study were to determine whether self‐reflection is a beneficial exercise for highly self‐critical individuals and to examine the effects of self‐focused thought including reflection and rumination on mood. This was investigated by measuring the levels of self‐criticism, as well as mood before and after exposure to a reflective prompt or a ruminative prompt.DesignExperimental design with random assignment to reflection, rumination or control groups.Methods243 participants from a sample recruited on prolific provided demographic information and completed measures of current mood and self‐criticism. All participants were then asked to remember a time they made a mistake that had a significant impact on them and describe the mistake briefly. Participants were then randomly assigned to a self‐focus condition (reflection, rumination or control). After being assigned and completing the prompt, their mood was measured again.ResultsHierarchical multiple regressions were used to measure the potential combined effects of self‐criticism and self‐focused thought on change in emotion. The results showed that participants with high levels of maladaptive self‐criticism (hated self‐subscale) experienced a significant decrease in negative emotions, indicating improved mood.ConclusionsThis suggests that reflection may be a beneficial exercise for highly self‐critical individuals. Participants in the rumination group experienced no significant change in emotion, indicating how rumination can perpetuate negative affect and is therefore an important issue to be addressed in psychotherapy.
Trading gains: terms‐of‐trade and real‐exchange‐rate effects
Authors: Kohli Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper considers alternative measures of a country's trading gains, i.e., the extra income that it earns (or loses) as the result of changes in the relative prices relevant for international trade, and which makes up the difference between real gross domestic product (GDP) and real gross domestic income (GDI). Looking at both the Laspeyres and the Törnqvist aggregation, we show that the trading gains really consist of two components, a terms‐of‐trade effect and a real‐exchange‐rate effect. Nearly all national statistical agencies, receiving no firm guidance from international organizations in this matter, merely consider the first effect, which suggests that the so‐called trading‐gain estimates they publish are incomplete and misnamed. Even more seriously, it implies that the corresponding measures of real GDI they derive are conceptually flawed. A straightforward way to circumvent these difficulties is to use the gross domestic final expenditure price index as deflator when computing real GDI and the trading gains. Some numerical estimates for Australia are provided as an illustration. The paper also identifies the underlying linear and Translog real GDI functions for which the Laspeyres and Törnqvist terms‐of‐trade and real‐exchange‐rate effects are exact.
Regeneration at a distance from the state: From radical imaginaries to alternative practices in Dutch farming
Authors: Leitheiser Stephen , Horlings Ina , Franklin Alex , Trell Elen‐Maarja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article combines a ‘zoomed‐out’ political economic analysis of Dutch agriculture with a more ‘zoomed‐in’ empirical exploration of small new entrant farmers who are carving out space for alternative food networks and practices in the Netherlands. Developing a concept of proto‐regenerative imaginaries, we define proto‐regenerative farmers as those farmers whose work is driven by a desire to contribute to social and ecological well‐being. The use of the term ‘regenerative’ does not imply just the use of practices associated with ‘regenerative agriculture’, but to regeneration as a holistic framework rooted in a paradigm of care in which productive activities (e.g., agroecology) go hand in hand with the reproduction of social and ecological well‐being. Data comes from an in‐depth ethnographic study on a peri‐urban farm that expanded to other farms and initiatives (n = 5) within the network. Strategies used by farmers to carve out these spaces of regeneration include de‐commodification of their produce through ‘solidarity payment’ schemes, the forging of reciprocal relationships and networks with other farmers, and the use of cooperative resource pooling and municipal resources to access land. All of these strategies help proto‐regenerative farmers to implement radical alternatives to the current mainstream in agricultural production. Such examples, which are not necessarily new, show that the building blocks for building a new paradigm in agriculture (and beyond) exist all around in the form of civic activity, and is too often at a distance from the state. A major challenge for academics is to narrate these proto‐regenerative imaginaries as not just anecdotes, but as the raw materials of a systemic alternative which can inspire a new intellectual project, supported by a state framework for agroecology, rural development, and beyond.
Landforms Spatial Interference with Seismic Waves in the Area of Influence of the Cocos Plate, Mexico
Authors: Martínez-García Fidel 
Published: August 2022

Within the framework of the “site effect” study and the spatial impact of local geographic features on seismic waves, the maximum accelerations of 45 interplate and intraslab seismic events with magnitudes (Mw) in the range of 5.6 to 8.2 that occurred from 1985 to 2018 were spatially analyzed and processed. Averages and maximum acceleration values of 172 accelerographs distributed among the territories boundaries located in the most seismic region of Mexico, are replaced the data of the scale of seismic moment magnitude (Mw) in each of the epicenters of the 45 events studied. The differential seismic impact of the topography that four Significant Epicentral Zones (SEZ) identified exert in two important cities, two tourist poles and two commercial seaports is identified. Correspondingly, the predominant orientation, direction, spatial tendency at the lithosphere level, which follow seismic waves as a result of interaction with topography within each SEZ were identified.
Deformation history and tectonic significance of the Sanagak Lake shear zone, Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut
Authors: Drayson Derek , Camacho Alfredo , Sanborn-Barrie Mary , Regis Daniele , Larson Kyle , Osinchuk Alix , DuFrane S. Andrew 
Published: August 2022

The recently recognized Sanagak Lake shear zone (SLsz) is a 165 km long, southwest striking corridor of high-strain rocks that transects the southern portion of Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut. This zone records pervasive deformation (DSL1) at conditions of ∼0.52 GPa and ∼700 °C, and localized deformation (DSL2) at ≥0.5 GPa and 300–500 °C that preserve left lateral and right lateral senses of movement, respectively. Neocrystallized DSL1 titanite in a hornblende-bearing granodiorite yields an age of 1804 ± 6 Ma, interpreted to be the timing of DSL1. The timing of DSL2 is loosely bracketed by 40Ar/39Ar hornblende (1814 ± 3 Ma) and biotite (1743 ± 1 Ma) cooling ages since the deformation temperature falls between the estimated closure temperature of these minerals. Similar rock types and metamorphic conditions on either side of the shear zone rule out the SLsz as a terrane boundary. Rather, strain localization may have been triggered by thermal softening related to the emplacement of a northeast-trending belt of high-temperature granites south of the shear zone between 1840 and 1820 Ma. Deformation and metamorphism at ca. 1.81 Ga south of Boothia Peninsula and in the central Rae (Committee Bay belt) have been attributed to the Superior Province colliding with the southeastern margin of the Rae craton, such that the SLsz may too have formed in response to far-field stresses derived from this collision. The absence of ca. 1.81 Ga tectonic fabrics north of the shear zone indicates that the SLsz marks the northwestern extent of mid-crustal, Trans-Hudson related tectonometamorphism.
Localizing non-linear $${{\mathcal {N}}}=(2,2)$$ sigma model on $$S^2$$
Authors: Alekseev Victor , Festuccia Guido , Mishnyakov Victor , Terziev Nicolai , Zabzine Maxim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a systematic study of $${{\mathcal {N}}}=(2,2)$$

N
=
(
2
,
2
)

supersymmetric non-linear sigma models on $$S^2$$

S
2

with the target being a Kähler manifold. We discuss their reformulation in terms of cohomological field theory. In the cohomological formulation we use a novel version of 2D self-duality which involves a U(1) action on $$S^2$$

S
2

. In addition to the generic model we discuss the theory with target space equivariance corresponding to a supersymmetric sigma model coupled to a non-dynamical supersymmetric background gauge multiplet. We discuss the localization locus and perform a one-loop calculation around the constant maps. We argue that the theory can be reduced to some exotic model over the moduli space of holomorphic disks.
De-channeling in terms of instantaneous transition rates: computer simulations for 855 MeV electrons at (110) planes of diamond
Authors: Backe H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Monte-Carlo simulation calculation have been performed for 855 MeV electrons channeling in (110) planes of a diamond single crystal. The continuum potential picture has been utilized. Both, the transverse potential and the angular distributions of the scattered electrons at screened atoms are based on the Doyle–Turner scattering factors which were extrapolated with the functional dependence of the Molière representation to large momentum transfers. Scattering cross-sections at bound electrons have been derived for energies less than 30 keV from the double differential cross-section as function of both, energy and momentum transfer, taking into account also longitudinal and transverse excitations. For energies above 30 keV the Møller cross-section is used. The dynamics of the particle in the continuum transverse potential has been described classically. Results of the channeling process are presented in terms of instantaneous transition rates as function of the penetration depth, indicating that channeling can be described by a single exponential function only after about 15 $$\mu $$
μ
m when the equilibration phase has been reached. As a byproduct, improved drift and diffusion coefficients entering the Fokker–Planck equation have been derived with which its predictive power can be improved.

Graphic abstract
Neutron waveguides with finite repulsive potential in clad
Authors: de la Peña I. Molina , Alvarez-Estrada R. F. , Calvo M. L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe interaction of an incoming slow neutron with a straight semi-infinite material waveguide (physically, a very lengthy one) located in vacuum (clad) in the infinite three-dimensional (3D) space is studied. The waveguide creates an attractive potential on the neutron. The physical quantum-mechanical wave phenomena are: (i) reflection and scattering of the neutron by the waveguide and (ii) its confined propagation along the latter, in specific propagation modes. The direct application of standard scattering integral equations meets several difficulties, arising mainly from the infinite length of the waveguide and (ii). New and more convenient 3D scattering integral equations are proposed and discussed, using suitable Green functions, adequate for the semi-infinite waveguide and accounting for (i) and the above difficulties. Approximate formulae for the probability amplitudes and fluxes for (i) and (ii) are given: in particular, the formulas for slow neutron confined propagation extend the ones given previously for optical waveguides. Some detailed applications and numerical computations for two-dimensional media and waveguides are presented.
Bianchi Type I model of universe with customized scale factors
Authors: Sarmah Pranjal , Goswami Umananda Dev 
Published: August 2022

According to standard cosmology, the universe is homogeneous and isotropic at large scales. However, some anisotropies can be observed at the local scale in the universe through various ways. Here, we have studied the Bianchi Type I model by customizing the scale factors to understand the anisotropic nature of the universe. We have considered two cases with slight modifications of scale factors in different directions in the generalized Bianchi Type I metric equation, and compared the results with the [Formula: see text]CDM model and also with available cosmological observational data. Through this study, we also want to predict the possible degree of anisotropy present in the early universe and its evolution to current time by calculating the value of density parameter for anisotropy [Formula: see text] for both low and high redshift [Formula: see text] along with the possible relative anisotropy that exist among different directions. It is found that there was a relatively higher amount of anisotropy in the early universe and the anisotropic nature of the universe vanishes at the near past and the present epochs. Thus, at near past and present stages of the universe there is no effective distinction between this anisotropic model and the standard [Formula: see text]CDM model.
Entanglement detection with near-zero cost
Authors: Westrick Sam , Arora Jatin , Acar Umut A. 
Published: August 2022

Recent research on parallel functional programming has culminated in a provably efficient (in work and space) parallel memory manager, which has been incorporated into the MPL (MaPLe) compiler for Parallel ML and shown to deliver practical efficiency and scalability. The memory manager exploits a property of parallel programs called disentanglement, which restricts computations from accessing concurrently allocated objects. Disentanglement is closely related to race-freedom, but subtly differs from it. Unlike race-freedom, however, no known techniques exists for ensuring disentanglement, leaving the task entirely to the programmer. This is a challenging task, because it requires reasoning about low-level memory operations (e.g., allocations and accesses), which is especially difficult in functional languages.
In this paper, we present techniques for detecting entanglement dynamically, while the program is running. We first present a dynamic semantics for a functional language with references that checks for entanglement by consulting parallel and sequential dependency relations in the program. Notably, the semantics requires checks for mutable objects only. We prove the soundness of the dynamic semantics and present several techniques for realizing it efficiently, in particular by pruning away a large number of entanglement checks. We also provide bounds on the work and space of our techniques.
We show that the entanglement detection techniques are practical by implementing them in the MPL compiler for Parallel ML. Considering a variety of benchmarks, we present an evaluation and measure time and space overheads of less than 5% on average with up to 72 cores. These results show that entanglement detection has negligible cost and can therefore remain deployed with little or no impact on efficiency, scalability, and space.