bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxic heavy metals in the breast milk of diabetic and non-diabetic postpartum mothers in Yenagoa, Nigeria
Authors: Philip-Slaboh Tuboseiyefah Perekebi , Eleke Chinemerem , Ezejiofor Anthonet Ndidiamaka 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundBreast milk is considered to be the best substance for neonatal nutrition. It is not well known whether diabetes increases the expression of toxic heavy metals in the breast milk of postpartum mothers. This study compared the concentration of toxic heavy metals in breast milk between diabetic and non-diabetic postpartum mothers in Yenagoa.Material and methodsA cross-sectional design was utilized on a purposive sample of 144 consenting postpartum mothers (72 diabetic and 72 non-diabetic mothers) from one tertiary, one secondary, and one primary medical centre. Breast milk samples were collected at 5-6 weeks postpartum between 1st November 2020 and 30th April 2021. A spectrophotometer was used to analyze the breast milk samples. A pro forma was used for data extraction and data were analyzed at a 5% significance level.ResultThe Diabetes group had levels of Arsenic (63.9%), Lead (95.8%), Mercury (68.1%), and Cadmium (84.7%) above the WHO permissible limits. The mean concentrations were 0.6 ng/ml (Arsenic), 13.2ng/ml (Lead), 2.9ng/ml (Mercury), and 3.3ng/ml (Cadmium). The non-diabetic mothers also had high levels of Arsenic (62.5%), Lead (95.8%), Mercury (72.2%), and Cadmium (86.1%); and the mean concentrations were 0.6ng/ml (Arsenic), 12.2 ng/ml (Lead), 3.0ng/ml (Mercury), and 3.2ng/ml (Cadmium). There was no significant difference in the concentration of toxic heavy metals in breast milk between the diabetic and non-diabetic postpartum mothers (p = > 0.585).ConclusionsDiabetes did not seem to increase the concentration of toxic heavy metals expressed in breast milk. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm these findings.
IRF4 deficiency vulnerates B cell progeny for leukemogenesis via somatically acquiredJak3mutations conferring IL-7 hypersensitivity
Authors: Gupta Dennis Das , Paul Christoph , Samel Nadine , Bieringer Maria , Staudenraus Daniel , Marini Federico , Raifer Hartmann , Menke Lisa , Hansal Lea , Camara Bärbel , Roth Edith , Daum Patrick , Wanzel Michael , Mernberger Marco , Nist Andrea , Bauer Uta-Maria , Helmprobst Frederik , Buchholz Malte , Roth Katrin , Bastian Lorenz , Hartmann Alina M , Baldus Claudia , Ikuta Koichi , Neubauer Andreas , Burchert Andreas , Jäck Hans-Martin , Klein Matthias , Bopp Tobias , Stiewe Thorsten , Pagenstecher Axel , Lohoff Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe processes leading from disturbed B cell development to adult B cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) are poorly understood. Here, we describeIrf4−/−mice as prone to developing BCP-ALL with age.Irf4−/−preB-I cells exhibited impaired differentiation but enhanced proliferation in response to IL-7, along with reduced retention in the IL-7 providing bone marrow niche due to decreased CXCL12 responsiveness. Thus selected, preB-I cells acquiredJak3mutations, probably following irregular AID activity, resulting in malignant transformation. We demonstrate heightened IL-7 sensitivity due toJak3mutants, devise a model to explain it and describe structural and functional similarities toJak2mutations often occurring in human Ph-like ALL. Finally, targeting JAK signaling with Ruxolitinibin vivoprolonged survival of mice bearing establishedIrf4−/−leukemia. Intriguingly, organ infiltration including leukemic meningeosis was selectively reduced without affecting blood blast counts. In this work, we present spontaneous leukemogenesis following IRF4 deficiency with potential implications for high-risk BCP-ALL in adult humans.
Dual-Drug Loaded Biomimetic Chitosan-Collagen Hybrid Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Ameliorating Potential Tissue Regeneration in Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Tallapaneni Vyshnavi , Pamu Divya , Mude Lavanya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most concerning conditions, and its chronic complications are nearly synonymous with inflammation, oxidative stress, and infections. In the acute inflammatory phase of diabetic wound healing (DWH), reducing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory response of the wound is a necessary treatment. The current work used a mix of emulsification and lyophilization approaches to investigate the effects of resveratrol microparticles (RES-GMS) loaded chitosan-collagen (CS-CLG) scaffold with doxycycline (DOX) on DWH. Resveratrol (RES) is a powerful antioxidant that promotes cell proliferation in the dermis by improving fibroblast function and enhancing CLG production. DOX can potentially shift the balance away from the chronic wound’s pro-inflammatory, proteolytic status toward an environment that promotes vascular ingrowth and, eventually, epithelial development. Cross-linked scaffolds had optimal porosity, reduced matrix degradation, and prolonged drug release when compared to non-cross-linked scaffolds, according to the results of composite scaffold characterization. Cell proliferation assay employing mouse fibroblasts was used to study the kinetics and bioactivity of growth factors produced from the scaffold. The RES-DOX-CS-CLG scaffold was biocompatible and promoted cell development compared to the control and CS-CLG scaffolds in in vitro experiments. DOX-loaded CS-CLG scaffold loaded with R-GMS delivers a prolonged release of RES, according to in vitro tests.
Athletes’ access to, attitudes towards, and experiences of help-seeking for mental health: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Brown Kirsty R. , Quinton Mary L. , Cumming Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionAthletes are not immune to mental health issues but are less likely to seek help than nonathletes and experience barriers including lack of access to services, lack of knowledge as to how to access services and negative past experiences for help-seeking. Formal and semi-formal sources of support (e.g. support provided in healthcare, sporting context, and higher education systems) are key places for athletes to seek help for mental health, and there is a need to synthesise the evidence on athletes’ access, attitudes to, and experiences of, these services. This protocol outlines a scoping review that will be used to map the evidence, identify gaps in the literature, and summarise findings on athletes’ access, attitudes to and experiences of help-seeking for their mental health.Methods and analysisThe methodological frameworks of Arksey and O’Malley (2005), Levac et al. (2010), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (2020 & 2021) were used to inform this scoping review protocol alongside the PRISMA-P checklist and published scoping review protocols within sport and health. This protocol outlines the background evidence, need for this scoping review, and the steps that will be taken.DisseminationThe evidence will be mapped numerically and thematically to describe studies and highlight key concepts, themes, and gaps in the literature. The published scoping review will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders and policymakers including those in healthcare, the sporting context, and the higher education system. The resulting outputs will be in the form of both peer-reviewed and non-peer reviewed publications (e.g. multimedia in the form of a blog post and at conferences).Strengths and limitationsStrength: The protocol outlines a novel scoping review that will contribute to a gap in the literature, and impact further research directions.Strength: Informed by best practice methodological frameworks to ensure rigour.Limitation: Lack of quality assessment of papers.Limitation: The review will only focus on formal and semi-formal sources of help-seeking (e.g. healthcare, the sporting context and higher education) and will not include research on informal or self-help sources.
m6A governs length-dependent enrichment of mRNAs in stress granules
Authors: Ries Ryan J. , Pickering Brian F. , Poh Hui Xian , Namkoong Sim , Jaffrey Samie R. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTStress granules are biomolecular condensates composed of protein and mRNA. Long mRNAs are enriched in stress granules, which is thought to reflect the ability of long mRNAs to form multiple RNA-RNA interactions with other mRNAs. RNA-RNA interactions are thus thought to be critical for stress granule formation. Stress granule-enriched mRNAs also often contain multipleN6-methyladenosine (m6A) residues. YTHDF proteins bind m6A, creating mRNA-protein complexes that partition into stress granules. Here we determine the basis of length-dependent enrichment of mRNAs in stress granules. We show that depletion of m6A is sufficient to abrogate the length-dependent enrichment of mRNAs in stress granules. We show that the presence of m6A predicts which mRNAs are enriched. m6A formation is triggered by long exons, which are often found in long mRNAs, accounting for the link between m6A, length and stress granule enrichment. Thus, length-dependent enrichment of mRNAs in stress granules is driven by YTHDF-mRNA interactions.
High retention of genomic variation and fitness-related traits in the effective population of reintroduced wolves in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: vonHoldt Bridgett M. , DeCandia Alexandra L. , Cassidy Kira A. , Stahler Erin E. , Sinsheimer Janet S. , Smith Douglas W. , Stahler Daniel R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCooperatively breeding species exhibit numerous strategies to avoid mating with close relatives, inherently reducing effective population size. For species of management concern, accurate estimates of inbreeding and trait depression are crucial for the species’ future. We utilized genomic and pedigree data for Yellowstone National Park gray wolves to investigate the contributions of foundation stock lineages, genetic architecture of the effective population, and putative fitness consequences of inbreeding. Our dataset spans 25 years and seven generations since reintroduction, encompassing 152 nuclear families and 329 litters. We found over 87% of the pedigree foundation genomes persisted and report influxes of allelic diversity from two translocated wolves from a divergent source in Montana. As expected for group-living species, mean kinship significantly increased over time, although we found high retention of genetic variation. Strikingly, the effective population carried a significantly lower level of genome-wide inbreeding coefficients and autozygosity with shorter decays for linkage disequilibrium relative to the non-breeding population. Lifespan and heterozygosity were higher in the effective population, although individuals who had their first litter at an older age also had higher inbreeding coefficients. Our findings highlight genetic contributions to fitness, and the importance of effective population size and gene flow to counteract loss of genetic variation in a wild, free-ranging social carnivore. It is crucial for managers to mitigate factors that significantly reduce effective population size and genetic connectivity, which supports the dispersion of genetic variation that aids in rapid evolutionary responses to environmental challenges.
Weighting by Gene Tree Uncertainty Improves Accuracy of Quartet-based Species Trees
Authors: Zhang Chao , Mirarab Siavash 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhylogenomic analyses routinely estimate species trees using methods that account for gene tree discordance. However, the most scalable species tree inference methods, which summarize independently inferred gene trees to obtain a species tree, are sensitive to hard-to-avoid errors introduced in the gene tree estimation step. This dilemma has created much debate on the merits of concatenation versus summary methods and practical obstacles to using summary methods more widely and to the exclusion of concatenation. The most successful attempt at making summary methods resilient to noisy gene trees has been contracting low support branches from the gene trees. Unfortunately, this approach requires arbitrary thresholds and poses new challenges. Here, we introduce threshold-free weighting schemes for the quartet-based species tree inference, the metric used in the popular method ASTRAL. By reducing the impact of quartets with low support or long terminal branches (or both), weighting provides stronger theoretical guarantees and better empirical performance than the original ASTRAL. More consequentially, weighting dramatically improves accuracy in a wide range of simulations and reduces the gap with concatenation in conditions with low gene tree discordance and high noise. On empirical data, weighting improves congruence with concatenation and increases support. Together, our results show that weighting, enabled by a new optimization algorithm we introduce, dramatically improves the utility of summary methods and can reduce the incongruence often observed across analytical pipelines.
Latitudinal cline does not predict variation in the microbiome of wildDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Henry Lucas P. , Ayroles Julien F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicrobiomes affect many aspects of host biology, but the eco-evolutionary forces that shape their diversity in natural populations remain poorly understood. Geographic gradients, like latitudinal clines, generate predictable patterns in biodiversity at macroecological scales, but whether these macro-scale processes apply to host-microbiome interactions is an open question. To address this question, we sampled the microbiomes of 13 natural populations ofDrosophila melanogasteralong a latitudinal cline in eastern United States. The microbiomes were surprisingly consistent across the cline–latitude did not predict either alpha or beta diversity. Only a narrow taxonomic range of bacteria were present in all microbiomes, indicating that strict taxonomic filtering by the host and neutral ecological dynamics are the primary factors shaping the fly microbiome. Additional temporal sampling across two independent sites revealed significant differences in microbial communities over time, suggesting that local environmental differences that vary at fine spatiotemporal scales are more likely to shape the microbiome. Our findings reveal the complexity of eco-evolutionary interactions shaping microbial variation inD. melanogasterand highlight the need for additional sampling of the microbiomes in natural populations along environmental gradients.
A conditional null allele of Dync1h1 enables targeted analyses of dynein roles in neuronal length sensing and neurological disorders
Authors: Di Pizio Agostina , Marvaldi Letizia , Birling Marie-Christine , Okladnikov Nataliya , Dupuis Luc , Fainzilber Mike , Rishal Ida 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSize homeostasis is one of the most fundamental aspects of biology and it is particularly important for large cells as neurons. We have previously proposed a motor-dependent length-sensing and growth-regulating mechanism wherein a partial reduction in the levels of microtubule motor proteins should lead to accelerated neuronal growth. This prediction was originally validated in sensory neurons heterozygous for the Loa point mutation in dynein heavy chain 1 (Dync1h1Loa). Here we describe a new mouse model with a conditional allele allowing deletion of exons 24-25 inDync1h1. Homozygous Islet1-Cre deletion ofDync1h1is embryonic lethal, but heterozygous animals (Isl1-Dync1h1+/−) survive to adulthood with approximately 50% dynein expression in targeted cell types.Isl1-Dync1h1+/−adult sensory neurons reveal an accelerated growth phenotype, similar to that previously reported inDync1h1Loaneurons. Moreover,Isl1-Dync1h1+/−mice show mild impairments in gait, proprioception and tactile sensation; and slightly impaired recovery from peripheral nerve injury. Thus, conditional deletion ofDync1h1exons 24-25 enables targeted studies of the role of dynein in neuronal growth and neurological disorders.
Vasor: Accurate prediction of variant effects for amino acid substitutions in MDR3
Authors: Behrendt Annika , Golchin Pegah , König Filip , Mulnaes Daniel , Stalke Amelie , Dröge Carola , Keitel Verena , Gohlke Holger 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground / RationaleThe phosphatidylcholine floppase MDR3 is an essential hepatobiliary transport protein. MDR3 dysfunction is associated with various liver diseases, ranging from severe progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis to transient forms of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and familial gallstone disease. Single amino acid substitutions are often found as causative of dysfunction, but identifying the substitution effect inin vitrostudies is time- and cost-intensive.Main resultsWe developed Vasor (Variantassessorof MDR3), a machine learning-based model to classify novel MDR3 missense variants into the categories benign or pathogenic. Vasor was trained on the, to date, largest dataset specific for MDR3 of benign and pathogenic variants and uses general predictors, namely EVE, EVmutation, PolyPhen-2, I-Mutant2.0, MUpro, MAESTRO, PON-P2, and other variant properties such as half-sphere exposure, PTM site, and secondary structure disruption as input. Vasor consistently outperformed the integrated general predictors and the external prediction tool MutPred2, leading to the current best prediction performance for MDR3 single-site missense variants (on an external test set: F1-score: 0.90, MCC: 0.80). Furthermore, Vasor predictions cover the entire sequence space of MDR3. Vasor is accessible as a webserver athttps://cpclab.uni-duesseldorf.de/mdr3_predictor/for users to rapidly obtain prediction results and a visualization of the substitution site within the MDR3 structure.ConclusionThe MDR3-specific prediction tool Vasor can provide reliable predictions of single site amino acid substitutions, giving users a fast way to assess initially whether a variant is benign or pathogenic.
Technological intelligence for circular supply chain: a co-citation analysis approach
Authors: Kirbac Aynur , Burmaoglu Serhat , Ozdemir Gungor Dilek 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the supply chains, and this brought researchers and practitioners to think about more on circular supply chains (CSC). The CSC concept has been discussed in the literature more than a decade. This study aims to find out the theoretical roots of CSC by analyzing scholarly articles in literature.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses document cocitation analysis for reaching this aim. After retrieving data from Web of Science database, this paper explores data set by considering used references of these publications and clusters them based on their title terms and visualizes them by using cosine similarity index.

Findings
This paper concludes that CSC is mainly discussed along with sustainability, sustainable supply chains and green supply chains, where the focus is integrating circular economy principles to supply chain management (SCM). On the other hand, although resiliency is an essential characteristic of SCM, contribution of CSC to supply chain resilience is neglected in the literature.

Research limitations/implications
CSC will gain importance in near future to increase national/firm productivity, and findings of this paper will give researchers insights for furthering their studies.

Social implications
To avoid supply chain and market collapse caused by natural disruptions, supply chain resilience is of paramount importance. According to the findings of this paper, the authors believe that business resilience in COVID-19-restricted environment may have exit point by using circular perspective.

Originality/value
The importance of CSC has increased due to the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this unique study was undertaken to investigate the evolution of this crucial topic with evidence from the literature through a cocitation analysis.
Populist communication among usual and unusual suspects: A longitudinal analysis of the communication of Finnish party leaders during parliamentary elections (2007–2019)
Authors: Järviniemi Jon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA great deal of scholarly attention has been devoted to the success of populist actors around the world. However, to a lesser extent, the focus has been directed towards the way in which populist political communication is used by other parties and how populist political communication has developed over time. Hence, this article takes a longitudinal approach to examine how Finnish party leaders have used populist communication during four parliamentary elections and if populist communication is contagious. This study argues that populism is best understood as a discursive frame, combined with the necessary element of people centrism with antielitism and/or exclusion of ‘dangerous others’. Manual content analysis has been used to measure the usage of populism in Finnish party leader interviews during the parliamentary elections between 2007 and 2019. The analysis reveals that several party leaders used populist political communication and that an increase in its overall usage occurred during the 2011 parliamentary election. Most commonly, populism was used by the Finns Party's leaders and by leaders of other niche parties in the opposition. However, in the 2011 parliamentary election, certain mainstream parties also used populist political communication. The article critically examines the idea of a populist Zeitgeist and the contagious effect of populist political communication as an explanation for the significant increase in populist political communication. The article suggests that populist communication spreads to certain parties, but to speak of a full‐blown populist Zeitgeist seems exaggerated in a consensus‐seeking multiparty democracy.
On the theoretical foundations of the ‘Philosophy for Children’ programme
Authors: Figueiredo Florian Franken 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
According to Matthew Lipman, one of the founders of the Philosophy for Children (P4C) programme, critical thinking improves reasonableness and the exercise of good judgement, both of which Lipman takes to be necessary to sustaining a democratic society. Against his view, I argue that although critical thinking can be done well or badly, it does not necessarily lead to the exercise of good judgement given that the value of judgements is not purely a matter of mere algorithmic calculation or instrumental means/end reasoning. The fact that Lipman's critical thinking approach does not justify the values that guide the community of inquiry may potentially lead to epistemic injustice within the community. One way to avoid this threat is to justify the programme's meta-philosophical assumptions by articulating and seeking to justify its epistemological foundations. I discuss different attempts to do this, arguing that none of the epistemological foundations offered can support P4C's basic assumption that critical thinking entails good judgement (where this is conceived of as a constitutively normative ability that meets the standards of ‘practical wisdom’ or moral virtue). Given these inconsistencies and lacunae, I offer a new perspective on how the process of inquiry could be conceived. Developing ideas outlined by Gilbert Ryle and Ludwig Wittgenstein, I argue that the process of inquiry may be valuable if conceived of as conceptual analysis that aims at perspicuous representations.