bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting effects of leadership styles on public service motivation: the mediating role of basic psychological needs among Indian public sector officials
Authors: Dash Sanket Sunand , Gupta Rajneesh , Jena Lalatendu Kesari 
Published: July 2022

PurposePublic service motivation (PSM), among actual and prospective employees in the public sector, lead to positive work outcomes. However, there is limited integration of PSM with existing motivational theories, especially self-determination theory (SDT). The impact of destructive leadership styles on PSM is also understudied. The study aims to fill the gap.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a cross-sectional survey of 693 public sector officials employed in Indian Railways to test the hypotheses. PLS-SEM was used for the analysis. The study found that fulfillment of basic psychological needs (BPN) at work leads to improved PSM while BPN partially mediates the positive/negative effect of constructive/destructive leadership styles like servant/autocratic leadership on employees' PSM.FindingsAutocratic/servant leadership was negatively/positively and significantly related to PSM and to all three BPN needs. Servant leadership was found to be positively and significantly related to all three BPN needs, while the BPN needs partially mediated the relationship between servant leadership and PSM.Research limitations/implicationsThe study identifies servant leadership as a driver of PSM and suggests that managers employed in public sector establishments should be trained to be less autocratic and more attuned to subordinates' needs. The baneful impact of autocratic leadership on employee PSM is highlighted. The cross-sectional nature of study makes it susceptible to common-method bias. The sample was limited to a single country. Future longitudinal and experimental studies based on samples drawn from multiple countries can yield more robust results.Originality/valueThe study advances the integration of PSM with SDT by identifying PSM with introjected motivation. It is also the first study to link destructive leadership styles with a reduction in employees' PSM. It identifies a counterintuitive, negative relationship between competence need satisfaction and PSM in the Indian public sector.
Additional income and consumption expenditure at retirement in Ajumako – Enyan – Essiam District (AEED) in the Central Region of Ghana
Authors: Okwae Andrews , Abotsi Anselm Komla , Richardson Theophilus Edward 
Published: July 2022

PurposePension income provides the main means for augmenting consumption expenditure and maintaining the welfare of households during retirement. Debate on the reduction in consumption expenditure upon retirement due to insufficient pension income is ongoing. This study seeks to investigate the impact of pensioners without additional income apart from SSNIT pension income on their consumption expenditure.Design/methodology/approachThis is a quantitative study. Primary data were used in this study. The population includes SSNIT pensioners who are household heads and aged between 56 and 64 years in Ajumako – Enyan – Essiam District (AEED) in the Central Region of Ghana. The study deployed simple random sampling to sample 164 respondents and estimated the consumption expenditure model using White’s heteroskedasticity-corrected standard errors of OLS.FindingsThe findings show that pension income from SSNIT positively influences consumption expenditure on nondurable goods at retirement. The findings also show a drop in consumption expenditure at retirement by pensioners who do not earn additional income.Research limitations/implicationsThis calls for an increase in the SSNIT pension income paid to persons who are on retirement. Also, employees are encouraged to plan early, save enough resources and invest in their working life before they retire. Variables such as health status and rural/urban areas were not included in the study. Also, panel data would have been suitable for this kind of study, but due to the unavailability of data, cross-section data were used. These are the limitations of the study.Originality/valueThis study investigated the impact of pensioners without additional income apart from SSNIT pension income on their consumption expenditure. The study also examined whether pensioners without additional sources of income apart from SSNIT pension income can sustain their consumption expenditure on nondurable goods at retirement.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-10-2021-0616.
Patient distrust toward doctors in online health communities: integrating distrust construct model and social-technical systems theory
Authors: Xue Jiaxin , Deng Zhaohua , Wu Tailai , Chen Zhuo 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis article aims to explore the factors influencing patients' distrust toward doctors in online health community.Design/methodology/approachThis study leveraged the distrust construct model and socio-technical systems theory to establish a research model. The authors used the survey method to validate the research model by developing and distributing questionnaires to online health community users. 518 valid responses were collected.FindingsThe data analysis results showed that patients' distrusting beliefs were significantly related to their distrust toward doctors in online health communities. Meanwhile, social factors included perceived egoism and lack of expertise; whereas technical factors included no structural assurance, and lack of third-party recognition.Originality/valueThis study not only provides a solid and comprehensive theoretical understanding of patient distrust toward doctors in online health communities but also could serve as the basis to relieve the distrust between patients and doctors in online health communities, or even in the offline environment.
Temporal changes in the epidemiology of sepsis‐related intensive care admissions from the emergency department in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Jones Daryl , Moran John , Udy Andrew , Pilcher David , Delaney Anthony , Peake Sandra L ,   the ARISE‐TRIPS study investigators
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Australasian Resuscitation in Sepsis Evaluation (ARISE) study researched septic shock treatment within EDs. This study aims to evaluate whether: (i) conduct of the ARISE study was associated with changes in epidemiology and care for adults (≥18 years) admitted from EDs to ICUs with sepsis in Australia and New Zealand; and (ii) such changes differed among 45 ARISE trial hospitals compared with 120 non‐trial hospitals.MethodsRetrospective study using interrupted time series analysis in three time periods; ‘Pre‐ARISE’ (January 1997 to December 2007), ‘During ARISE’ (January 2008 to May 2014) and ‘Post‐ARISE’ (June 2014 to December 2017) using data from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database.ResultsOver 21 years there were 54 121 ICU admissions from the ED with sepsis; which increased from 8.1% to 16.4%; 54.6% male, median (interquartile range) age 66 (53–76) years. In the pre‐ARISE period, pre‐ICU ED length of stay (LOS) decreased in trial hospitals but increased in non‐trial hospitals (P = 0.174). During the ARISE study, pre‐ICU ED LOS declined more in trial hospitals (P = 0.039) as did the frequency of mechanical ventilation in the first 24 h (P = 0.003). However, ICU and hospital LOS, in‐hospital mortality and risk of death declined similarly in both trial and non‐trial hospitals.ConclusionsSepsis‐related admissions increased from 8.1% to 16.4%. During the ARISE study, there was more rapid ICU admission and decreased early ventilation. However, these changes were not sustained nor associated with decreased risk of death or duration of hospitalisation.
Wind‐robust sound event detection and denoising for bioacoustics
Authors: Juodakis Julius , Marsland Stephen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Sound recordings are used in various ecological studies, including wildlife monitoring by acoustic surveys. Such surveys often require automatic detection of target sound events in the large amount of data produced. However, current processing methods, especially those relying on sound intensity for detection, are severely impacted by wind, which causes transient intensity peaks. The rapid dynamics of this noise invalidate standard noise estimators, and no satisfactory method for dealing with wind exists in bioacoustics, where simple training and generalization between conditions are important.

We estimate the transient noise level by fitting short‐term spectrum models to a wavelet packet representation. This estimator is then combined with log‐spectral subtraction to stabilize the background level. The resulting adjusted wavelet series can be analysed by standard detectors. We use real data from long‐term acoustic monitoring to tune this workflow, demonstrate its denoising capabilities and test the improved detection in two population surveys of birds.

The proposed short‐term estimator was more effective than standard (constant) noise estimates in both denoising and detection tasks. In the surveys, the noise‐robust workflow greatly reduced the number of false alarms. As a result, the survey efficiency (precision of the estimated call density) improved for both species.

In contrast to existing methods, the proposed estimator can adjust for transient broadband noises without requiring additional hardware or extensive tuning to each species. It improved the detection workflow based on very little training data, making it particularly attractive for detection of rare species or general soundscape analysis.
Impact of pelvic floor dysfunction in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women attending an urban Aboriginal medical service
Authors: Milroy Talila , Jacobs Sue , Frayne Jacqueline 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPelvic floor dysfunction causes high‐level disease burden, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women less likely to have access to best management for these issues due to multiple sociocultural barriers. There is limited data on the impact of pelvic floor dysfunction in this specific population.AimsTo explore the impact of pelvic floor dysfunction on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women attending an urban Aboriginal medical service, considering barriers and facilitators for care, and the services that are desired to address these conditions.MethodsThis is a mixed methods project utilising the validated Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire 7 in combination with qualitative data from semi‐structured interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS Version 24 and analysis included the use of means, SD and Fisher's exact test for comparison. Interview transcriptions were coded into initial themes using thematic analysis and a theoretical approach was used to capture common patterned responses.ResultsThe majority of women reported urinary incontinence. Higher scores on the urinary impact questions were significantly associated with comorbid risk factors of chronic cough and obesity. Salient themes from interviews included help‐seeking behaviours, embarrassment and normalisation of the condition. Women desired access to a pelvic floor physiotherapist, and preferred a female doctor and a consistent care provider.ConclusionPelvic floor disorders cause high disease burden for Aboriginal women across a broad age range with associated comorbid risk factors frequently occurring. This study suggests service improvement and care delivery strategies that may improve long‐term outcomes for Aboriginal women with pelvic floor conditions.
Autism spectrum disorder during French COVID‐19 lockdown: The importance of individualized support
Authors: Guidotti Marco , Gateau Adrien , Claire Remi , Rabaté Philippe , Roux Sylvie , Malvy Joëlle , Bonnet‐Brilhault Frédérique 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis observational and repeated measures study assesses the impact of the first, most restrictive, COVID‐19 lockdown in France on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families.MethodDuring the first COVID‐19 lockdown, families of ASD children enrolled in the day‐care centre of the child and adolescent psychiatry department of the Tours University Hospital were contacted weekly. A total of 95 parents took part in this study between the 18th of March and the 8th of May 2020. Advice and personalized support materials were provided by professionals involved in children's care. Questions regarding clinical outcomes were addressed to parents, and their assessments were reported on a 5‐point Likert scale. Two time points were considered: the first 3 weeks and the three last weeks of the lockdown period.ResultsNo difference was highlighted between clinical scores collected at the beginning and at the end of the lockdown. No effect of intellectual disability, accommodation type (house or apartment) or parental status was observed. The reasons for the relatively minor impact of the COVID‐19 lockdown observed in this study are discussed.ConclusionsIndividualized and regular support provided by caregivers, familiar with ASD children's clinical specificities, in the context of a trusted relationship with parents may have contributed to the stability of this population. This ‘tailor‐made’ approach should be promoted, in order to help support families of ASD children in this challenging period.
Lower limb muscle quality and phase angle contribute to the reduced walking speed among older adults
Authors: Hirano Yuji , Yamada Yoji , Matsui Yasumoto , Ota Susumu , Arai Hidenori 
Published: July 2022

AimThis cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the predictors of a walking speed <1 m/s. Factors associated with the health of muscle cells, including the phase angle analyzed using bioimpedance analysis, answers to the mini‐nutritional assessment‐short form, albumin levels, leg muscle quality and vitamin D levels, were assessed.MethodsThe study participants were outpatients from the Locomotor Frailty Outpatient Clinic which was established at our center in 2016 (231 women, 76.5 ± 7.6 years; 137 men, 78.0 ± 6.3 years). Participants were classified into two groups, with 1 m/s walking speed as the cutoff value. Binominal logistic regression analysis was performed with walking speed as the dependent variable, and age, leg muscle quality, mini‐nutritional assessment‐short form answers, albumin levels, vitamin D levels and the phase angle as explanatory variables. Leg muscle quality was defined as the mean value of both lower limbs' isometric knee extensor strength, divided by the mean value of both lower limbs' muscle mass through bioimpedance analysis.ResultsThe explanatory variables associated with decreased walking speed among women were leg muscle quality (P = 0.004, odds ratio: 0.57) and phase angle (P = 0.017, odds ratio: 0.42). Men were also more likely to have leg muscle quality (P = 0.004, odds ratio: 0.43).ConclusionsLeg muscle quality and the phase angle of lower extremities were independently associated with low walking speeds (<1 m/s) among older outpatients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 603–609.
Tracing networked images of gendered entrepreneurship online
Authors: Pritchard Katrina , Williams Helen C. , Miller Maggie C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the importance of visualization online and the gendering of entrepreneurship in contemporary neoliberal times. We investigate how understandings of entrepreneurship are shaped by online imagery. Applying visual critical methodology, we trace and analyze 248 commercial images. Our analytic work explicates the visual construction of male and female entrepreneurs, leading us to further examine appearance, (in)action, and interaction aesthetics. Through detailed visual analysis, we unpack masculinities and femininities to theorize the resulting gendering of entrepreneurial aesthetics. In doing so, we consider the role of image networks in the reproduction of neoliberal ideals.
Dermatological assessment of thick‐skinned patients before rhinoplasty—what may surgeons ask for?
Authors: Saadoun Rakan , Risse Eva‐Maria , Crisan Diana , Veit Johannes A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRhinoplasty is considered a very challenging surgery since minimal changes of this central area of the face may significantly impact a person's appearance and self‐awareness. This is even more challenging in thick‐skinned patients because results are less predictable, and changes to the osseocartilaginous framework (OCF) may not be sufficiently visible due to the blanket effect of the thick skin. Furthermore, pre‐existing skin conditions may exacerbate following surgery. Therefore, managing patients with extremely thick skin or patients who suffer from pre‐existing dermatological conditions such as rosacea or acne requires a synergy of surgeons and dermatologists to achieve optimal results. In this article, we review the most significant pre‐ and post‐surgical regimens that surgeons and dermatologists should apply in selected patients to achieve optimal results after rhinoplasty.
A multi‐centre randomized controlled trial comparing connective tissue graft with collagen matrix to increase soft tissue thickness at the buccal aspect of single implants: 1‐year results
Authors: Cosyn Jan , Eeckhout Célien , De Bruyckere Thomas , Eghbali Aryan , Vervaeke Stijn , Younes Faris , Christiaens Véronique 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo compare connective tissue graft (CTG) with collagen matrix (CMX) in terms of increase in buccal soft tissue profile (BSP) at 1 year when applied at single implant sites.Materials and MethodsPatients with a single tooth gap in the anterior maxilla and horizontal mucosa defect were enrolled in a multi‐centre randomized controlled trial. All sites had a bucco‐palatal bone dimension of at least 6 mm, received a single implant and an immediate implant restoration using a full digital workflow. Sites were randomly allocated to the control (CTG) or test group (CMX) to increase buccal soft tissue thickness. The primary outcome was the increase in BSP at 1 year when compared with the pre‐operative situation based on superimposed digital surface models. The changes in BSP over time were registered at a buccal area of interest reaching from 0.5 mm below the soft tissue margin to 4 mm more apical. Secondary outcomes included patient‐reported, clinical and aesthetic outcomes.ResultsThirty patients were included per group (control: 50% females, mean age 50.1; test: 53% females, mean age 48.2). The increase in BSP at 1 year was 0.98 mm (98.3% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–1.20) for CTG and 0.57 mm (98.3% CI: 0.34 to 0.79) for CMX. The mean difference of 0.41 mm (98.3% CI: 0.12 to 0.69) in favour of CTG was significant (p < .001). Based on an arbitrarily chosen threshold for success of 0.75 mm increase in BSP, 89.7% of the patients in the control group and 10% of the patients in the test group were successfully treated (odds ratio = 77.90; 95% CI: 13.52 to 448.80; p < .001). Sites treated with CMX demonstrated 0.89 mm (98.3% CI: 0.49 to 1.30) more shrinkage between postop and 1 year than sites treated with CTG. In addition, CMX resulted in significantly more marginal bone loss (0.39 mm; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.74; p = .026) than CTG. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of patients' aesthetic satisfaction (p = .938), probing depth (p = .917), plaque (p = .354), bleeding on probing (p = .783), midfacial recession (p = .915), Pink Esthetic Score (p = .121) and Mucosal Scarring Index (p = .965).ConclusionsCTG remains the gold standard to increase soft tissue thickness at implant sites. Clinicians need to outweigh the benefits of CMX against considerable resorption of the graft. This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04210596).
Awareness of vitiligo among multi‐ethnic populations
Authors: Juntongjin Premjit , Abouelsaad Sara , Sugkraroek Supanee , Taechakraichana Nimit , Lungchukiet Palita , Nuallaong Winitra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is a common acquired pigmentary disorder reported worldwide. Although asymptomatic, vitiligo negatively affects the patients' quality of life because it provokes psychological stigmatization and social discrimination. There are several misconceptions regarding vitiligo.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of and attitudes toward vitiligo in the general population and in different ethnic groups.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted during which the participants were required to watch a brief video portraying a waitress affected by vitiligo and to fill a questionnaire related to the video content. Participants were recruited from among people who visited a private international hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, and who freely accepted to participate in the study.ResultsOut of 405 participants who voluntarily participated in the study, approximately 30% were able to identify the condition as vitiligo. Approximately 66% and 88% of the participants had sufficient knowledge about and positive attitudes toward vitiligo, respectively. Those with sufficient knowledge scores significantly had more positive attitudes (p = 0.001). However, there were some differences among ethnic groups (p < 0.0001). Arabians had the highest knowledge and attitude scores. Regarding close‐relationship attitudes, Asians tended to have perceptions that were different from that of others.ConclusionKnowledge of and attitudes toward vitiligo varied among ethnicities. Only 30% of the study population could identify this condition. Arabians had the highest knowledge score, whereas Caucasians had the highest prevalence of positive attitudes. Therefore, global awareness of vitiligo should be emphasized.
Acute sleep deprivation increases inflammation and aggravates heart failure after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhu Yumin , Chen Xian , Guo Lizhe , Wang Lu , Chen Na , Xiao Yujie , Wang E. 
Published: July 2022

SummarySleep disorders have been observed among patients with heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute sleep deprivation (SD) aggravates left heart function. Male C57B/L6 mice were assigned to four experimental groups. Ligation of the left anterior descending branch (LAD) caused myocardial infarction (MI) in mice in the LAD group and the LAD+SD group, while mice in the sham and sham+SD groups underwent the same surgery without ligation. Echocardiography was performed before and 8 weeks after ligation of the LAD to evaluate the left ventricular internal diameter at diastole (LVIDd), left ventricular internal diameter at systole (LVIDs), ejection fraction (EF), and fractional shortening (FS). Seven days of sleep deprivation induced using the modified single platform method resulted in a lower EF and FS and a higher LVIDd and LVIDs, as well as increased expression of the IL‐1β, IL‐18, and IL‐10 mRNAs in the left ventricular tissue of MI mice. ELISA also indicated higher levels of IL‐1β and IL‐10 in the LAD+SD group. It was concluded that acute sleep deprivation induced cardiovascular alterations in cardiac structure and function in HF mice, accompanied by increased levels of inflammatory cytokines.