bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-glioblastoma effects of phenolic variants of benzoylphenoxyacetamide (BPA) with high potential for blood brain barrier penetration
Authors: Stalinska Joanna , Vittori Cecilia , Ingraham IV Charles H. , Carson Sean C. , Plaisance-Bonstaff Karlie , Lassak Adam , Faia Celeste , Colley Susan B. , Peruzzi Francesca , Reiss Krzysztof , Jursic Branko S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlioblastomas are the most aggressive brain tumors for which therapeutic options are limited. Current therapies against glioblastoma include surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy plus concomitant treatment and maintenance with temozolomide (TMZ), however, these standard therapies are often ineffective, and average survival time for glioblastoma patients is between 12 and 18 months. We have previously reported a strong anti-glioblastoma activity of several metabolic compounds, which were synthetized based compounds, which were synthetized based on the chemical structure of a common lipid-lowering drug, fenofibrate, and share a general molecular skeleton of benzoylphenoxyacetamide (BPA). Extensive computational analyses of phenol and naphthol moieties added to the BPA skeleton were performed in this study with the objective of selecting new BPA variants for subsequent compound preparation and anti-glioblastoma testing. Initially, 81 structural variations were considered and their physical properties such as solubility (logS), blood–brain partitioning (logBB), and probability of entering the CNS calculated by the Central Nervous System—Multiparameter Optimization (MPO-CNS) algorithm were evaluated. From this initial list, 18 compounds were further evaluated for anti-glioblastoma activity in vitro. Nine compounds demonstrated desirable glioblastoma cell toxicity in cell culture, and two of them, HR51, and HR59 demonstrated significantly improved capability of crossing the model blood–brain-barrier (BBB) composed of endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes.
Effect of climate on strategies of nest and body temperature regulation in paper wasps, Polistes biglumis and Polistes gallicus
Authors: Stabentheiner Anton , Nagy Julia Magdalena , Kovac Helmut , Käfer Helmut , Petrocelli Iacopo , Turillazzi Stefano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolistespaper wasps are a widespread taxon inhabiting various climates. They build nests in the open without a protective outer layer, which makes them vulnerable to changing temperatures. To better understand the options they have to react to environmental variation and climate change, we here compare the thermoregulatory behavior ofPolistes biglumisfrom cool Alpine climate withPolistes gallicusfrom warm Mediterranean climate. Behavioral plasticity helps both of them to withstand environmental variation.P. biglumisbuilds the nests oriented toward east-south-east to gain solar heat of the morning sun. This increases the brood temperature considerably above the ambience, which speeds up brood development.P. gallicus, by contrast, mostly avoids nesting sites with direct insolation, which protects their brood from heat stress on hot days. To keep the brood temperature below 40–42 °C on warm days, the adults of the two species show differential use of their common cooling behaviors. WhileP. biglumisprefers fanning of cool ambient air onto the nest heated by the sun and additionally cools with water drops,P. gallicusprefers cooling with water drops because fanning of warm ambient air onto a warm nest would not cool it, and restricts fanning to nests heated by the sun.
Transcriptome profiling revealed candidate genes, pathways and transcription factors related to nitrogen utilization and excessive nitrogen stress in perennial ryegrass
Authors: Li Yinruizhi , Wang Mengdi , Teng Ke , Dong Di , Liu Zhuocheng , Zhang Tiejun , Han Liebao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRyegrass (Lolium perenne L.), a high-quality forage grass, is a good nutrient source for herbivorous livestock. However, improving nitrogen use efficiency and avoiding nitrate toxicity caused by excessive nitrogen are continual challenges in ryegrass production. The molecular mechanism underlying the response of ryegrass to nitrogen, especially excessive nitrogen, remains unclear. In this study, the transcriptomic changes under different nitrogen levels were investigated in perennial ryegrass by high-throughput next-generation RNA sequencing. Phenotypic characterization showed that treatment with half of the standard N concentration (N0.5) led to a better growth state than the other three treatments. The treatments with the standard N concentration (N1) and treatments with ten times higher than the standard N concentration (N10) contained excessive nitrogen, which placed stress on plant growth. Analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated that 345 and 104 genes are involved in the regulation of nitrogen utilization and excessive nitrogen stress, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that “photosynthesis-antenna proteins” may respond positively to appropriate nitrogen conditions, whereas “steroid biosynthesis”, “carotenoid biosynthesis” and “C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism” were identified as the top significantly enriched pathways in response to excessive nitrogen. Additionally, 21 transcription factors (TFs) related to nitrogen utilization were classified into 10 families, especially the AP2-EREBP and MYB TF families. Four TFs related to excessive nitrogen stress were identified, including LOBs, NACs, AP2-EREBPs and HBs. The expression patterns of these selected genes were also analyzed. These results provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of ryegrass in response to nitrogen utilization and excessive nitrogen stress.
Polymer link breakage of polyimide-film-surface using hydrolysis reaction accelerator for enhancing chemical–mechanical-planarization polishing-rate
Authors: Jeong Gi-Ppeum , Park Jun-Seong , Lee Seung-Jae , Kim Pil-su , Han Man-Hyup , Hong Seong-Wan , Kim Eun-Seong , Park Jin-Hyung , Choo Byoung-Kwon , Kang Seung-Bae , Park Jea-Gun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, the chemical decomposition of a polyimide-film (i.e., a PI-film)-surface into a soft-film-surface containing negatively charged pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and neutral 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) was successfully performed. The chemical decomposition was conducted by designing the slurry containing 350 nm colloidal silica abrasive and small molecules with amine functional groups (i.e., ethylenediamine: EDA) for chemical–mechanical planarization (CMP). This chemical decomposition was performed through two types of hydrolysis reactions, that is, a hydrolysis reaction between OH− ions or R-NH3+ (i.e., EDA with a positively charged amine groups) and oxygen atoms covalently bonded with pyromellitimide on the PI-film-surface. In particular, the degree of slurry adsorption of the PI-film-surface was determined by the EDA concentration in the slurry because of the presence of R-NH3+, that is, a higher EDA concentration resulted in a higher degree of slurry adsorption. In addition, during CMP, the chemical decomposition degree of the PI-film-surface was principally determined by the EDA concentration; that is, the degree of chemical composition was increased noticeably and linearly with the EDA concentration. Thus, the polishing-rate of the PI-film-surface increased notably with the EDA concentration in the CMP slurry.
The link between number and action in human infants
Authors: Decarli Gisella , Veggiotti Ludovica , de Hevia Maria Dolores 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHumans' inborn ability to represent and manipulate numerical quantities is supported by the parietal cortex, which is also involved in a variety of spatial and motor abilities. While the behavioral links between numerical and spatial information have been extensively studied, little is known about the connection between number and action. Some studies in adults have shown a series of interference effects when simultaneously processing numerical and action information. We investigated the origins of this link by testing forty infants (7- to 9-month-old) in one of two experimental conditions: one group was habituated to congruent number-hand pairings, where the larger the number, the more open the hand-shape associated; the second group was habituated to incongruent number-hand pairings, where the larger the number, the more close the hand-shape associated. In test trials, both groups of infants were presented with congruent and incongruent pairings. We found that only infants habituated to congruency showed a significantly higher looking time to the test trial depicting incongruent pairings. These findings show for the first time that infants spontaneously associate magnitude-related changes across the dimensions of number and action-related information, thus offering support to the existence of an early, preverbal number-action link in the human mind.
Exploring brain activity for positive and negative emotions by means of EEG microstates
Authors: Prete Giulia , Croce Pierpaolo , Zappasodi Filippo , Tommasi Luca , Capotosto Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrostate analysis applied to electroencephalographic signals (EEG) allows both temporal and spatial imaging exploration and represents the activity across the scalp. Despite its potential usefulness in understanding brain activity during a specific task, it has been mostly exploited at rest. We extracted EEG microstates during the presentation of emotional expressions, presented either unilaterally (a face in one visual hemifield) or bilaterally (two faces, one in each hemifield). Results revealed four specific microstate’s topographies: (i) M1 involves the temporal areas, mainly in the right hemisphere, with a higher occurrence for stimuli presented in the left than in the right visual field; (ii) M2 is localized in the left temporal cortex, with higher occurrence and coverage for unilateral than bilateral presentations; (iii) M3, with a bilateral temporo-parietal localization, shows higher coverage for bilateral than unilateral presentation; (iv) M4, mainly localized in the right fronto-parietal areas and possibly representing the hemispheric specialization for the peculiar stimulus category, shows higher occurrence and coverage for unilateral stimuli presented in the left than in the right visual field. These results suggest that microstate analysis is a valid tool to explore the cerebral response to emotions and can add new insights on the cerebral functioning, with respect to other EEG markers.
Crizotinib in patients with tumors harboring ALK or ROS1 rearrangements in the NCI-MATCH trial
Authors: Mansfield A. S. , Wei Z. , Mehra R. , Shaw A. T. , Lieu C. H. , Forde P. M. , Drilon A. E. , Mitchell E. P. , Wright J. J. , Takebe N. , Sharon E. , Hovelson D. , Tomlins S. , Zeng J. , Poorman K. , Malik N. , Gray R. J. , Li S. , McShane L. M. , Rubinstein L. V. , Patton D. , Williams P. M. , Hamilton S. R. , Conley B. A. , Arteaga C. L. , Harris L. N. , O’Dwyer P. J. , Chen A. P. , Flaherty K. T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe NCI-MATCH was designed to characterize the efficacy of targeted therapies in histology-agnostic driver mutation-positive malignancies. Sub-protocols F and G were developed to evaluate the role of crizotinib in rare tumors that harbored either ALK or ROS1 rearrangements. Patients with malignancies that progressed following at least one prior systemic therapy were accrued to the NCI-MATCH for molecular profiling, and those with actionable ALK or ROS1 rearrangements were offered participation in sub-protocols F or G, respectively. There were five patients who enrolled on Arm F (ALK) and four patients on Arm G (ROS1). Few grade 3 or 4 toxicities were noted, including liver test abnormalities, and acute kidney injury. For sub-protocol F (ALK), the response rate was 50% (90% CI 9.8–90.2%) with one complete response among the 4 eligible patients. The median PFS was 3.8 months, and median OS was 4.3 months. For sub-protocol G (ROS1) the response rate was 25% (90% CI 1.3–75.1%). The median PFS was 4.3 months, and median OS 6.2 months. Data from 3 commercial vendors showed that the prevalence of ALK and ROS1 rearrangements in histologies other than non-small cell lung cancer and lymphoma was rare (0.1% and 0.4% respectively). We observed responses to crizotinib which met the primary endpoint for ALK fusions, albeit in a small number of patients. Despite the limited accrual, some of the patients with these oncogenic fusions can respond to crizotinib which may have a therapeutic role in this setting.
Perceptual decisions and oculomotor responses rely on temporally distinct streams of evidence
Authors: Lisi Matteo , Morgan Michael J. , Solomon Joshua A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPerceptual decisions often require the integration of noisy sensory evidence over time. This process is formalized with sequential sampling models, where evidence is accumulated up to a decision threshold before a choice is made. Although intuition suggests that decision formation must precede the preparation of a motor response (i.e., the action used to communicate the choice), neurophysiological findings have suggested that these two processes might be one and the same. To test this idea, we developed a reverse-correlation protocol in which the visual stimuli that influence decisions can be distinguished from those guiding motor responses. In three experiments, we found that the temporal weighting function of oculomotor responses did not overlap with the relatively early weighting function of stimulus properties having an impact on decision formation. These results support a timeline in which perceptual decisions are formed, at least in part, prior to the preparation of a motor response.
Crystallographic control for Cr4+ activators toward efficient NIR-II luminescence
Authors: Zhou Hao , Cai Hao , Zhao Jing , Song Zhen , Liu Quanlin 
Published: March 2022

A broadband NIR-II phosphor Li2ZnGeO4:Cr4+ was synthesized. All the Cr ions are stabilized in the tetravalent state due to crystallographic control of the all-tetrahedron-built host, showing broadband NIR-II emission peaking at 1218 nm.
Gramian‐based vulnerability analysis of dynamic networks
Authors: Babazadeh Maryam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the vulnerability of large‐dimensional dynamic networks to false data injections is analysed. The malicious data can manipulate input injection at the control nodes and affect the outputs of the network. The objective is to analyse and quantify the potential vulnerability of the dynamics by such adversarial inputs when the opponents try to avoid being detected as much as possible. A joint set of most effective actuation nodes and most vulnerable target nodes are introduced with minimal detectability by the monitoring system. Detection of this joint set of actuation‐target nodes is carried out by introducing a Gramian‐based measure and reformulating the vulnerability problem as a standard optimisation problem. However, the underlying optimisation problem appears to be a binary program and intractable in large‐dimensional systems. Balanced realisation of the system dynamics, combined with a Gauss–Newton approach is employed to provide a two‐stage algorithm for the selection of the most effective joint sets. The proposed approach relies on QR decomposition and QR pivoting, does not require iterative computation of Gramian matrices, and scales well with the system dimensions. The proposed approach is evaluated on a set of synthetic and real‐life examples including IEEE 118 bus power network.
Observation from Earth of an atypical cloud system in the upper Martian atmosphere
Authors: Lilensten J. , Dauvergne J. L. , Pellier C. , Delcroix M. , Beaudoin E. , Vincendon M. , Kraaikamp E. , Bertrand G. , Foster C. , Go C. , Kardasis E. , Pace A. , Peach D. , Wesley A. , Samara E. , Poedts S. , Colas F. 
Published: March 2022

Context. The atmosphere of Mars is characterised by a complex seasonal cycle of cloud formation related to the condensation of CO2 and H2O, and to the lifting of surface dust. Several decades of spacecraft observations have provided an impressive amount of data to constrain cloud properties. However, observations of a given cloud obtained from Mars orbit are typically limited in time sampling and spatial coverage. As a complement to this existing dataset, Earth-based telescopic observations have the potential to provide a global and dynamic view of some large-scale Mars clouds.
Aims. On 17 November 2020, Mars and Earth were close to opposition. We took advantage of this configuration to attempt observing large-scale high-altitude atmospheric phenomena from Earth with a high time sampling, over several hours.
Methods. Ten amateur astronomers were coordinated along with professional astronomers to observe Mars.
Results. We observed the occurrence of a large-scale high-altitude cloud system, extending over thousands of kilometres from the equator to 50°S. Over 3 h, it emerged from the night side at 92−16+30 km and dissipated on the dayside. It occurred at a solar longitude of 316° (southern summer) concomitantly to a regional dust storm and west of the magnetic anomaly. Despite its high altitude, it was composed of relatively large particles (effective radius in the 1–2 µm range). While dust appears an unlikely candidate, possible composition by CO2 or H2O are both conceivable, although the whole properties of the cloud makes it atypical compared to previously reported clouds. We discuss the possible connections with the dust storm, along with the hypothetical role of nucleation from cosmic particle precipitation.
Conclusions. We continuously followed a high-altitude huge cloud system on Mars from Earth, emerging from the Martian night, from its appearance at the terminator until its complete dissipation. It is either a large-grained water ice cloud system or an extended mid-summer dawn CO2 cloud system.
Predictive Value of Preoperative Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophagogastric Cancer – Data From a Randomized German Phase II Trial
Authors: Sivanathan Visvakanth , Utz Christoph , Thomaidis Thomas , Förster Friedrich , Stahl Michael , Lordick Florian , Ibach Stefan , Kanzler Stephan , Adler Andreas , Mönig Stefan Paul , Schimanski Carl C. , Ignee Andre , Dietrich Christoph F. , Galle Peter R. , Moehler Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurpose The role of EUS before or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCTX) in advanced esophagogastric cancer (EGC) is still unclear. The phase II NEOPECX trial evaluated perioperative chemotherapy with or without panitumumab in this setting. The aim of this sub-study was to investigate the prognostic value of EUS-guided preoperative staging before and after nCTX.Materials and Methods Preoperative yuT/yuN stages by EUS were compared with histopathological ypT/ypN stages after curative resection. Reduction in T-stage from baseline to preoperative EUS was defined as downstaging (DS+) and compared to progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients without downstaging (DS-). In addition, preoperative EUS N-stages (positive N+ or negative N-) were correlated with clinical data.Results The preoperative yuT-stage correlated with the ypT-stage in 48% of cases (sensitivity 48%, specificity 52%), while the preoperative yuN-stage correlated with the ypN-stage in 64% (sensitivity 76%, specificity 52%). Within DS+ patients who were downstaged by ≥ 2 T-categories, a trend towards improved OS was detected (median OS DS+: not reached (NR), median OS DS-: 38.5 months (M), p=0.21). Patients with yuN+ at preoperative EUS had a worse outcome than yuN- patients (median OS yuN-: NR, median OS yuN+: 38.5 M, p = 0.013).Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy of EUS to predict the response after nCTX in patients with advanced EGC is limited. In the current study the endosonographic detection of lymph node metastasis after nCTX indicates a poor prognosis. In the future, preoperative EUS with sectional imaging procedures may be used to tailor treatment for patients with advanced EGC.
Prozess zur Implementierung Evidenzbasierter Parenteraler
Ernährung in Deutschen Perinatalzentren – Ergebnisse eines
Multidisziplinären Netzwerks
Authors: Hoffmann Julia , Haiden Nadja , Babl Jürgen , Fusch Christoph , Kostenzer Johanna , Piening Brar , Schubert Sebastian , Mader Silke ,   Arbeitsgruppe parenterale Ernährung von EFCNI, GNPI, ADKA
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die parenterale Ernährung (PE) ist gewöhnlich
bei Frühgeborenen<1500 g Geburtsgewicht und kranken
Neugeborenen indiziert und gewährleistet eine Versorgung mit
essentiellen Nährstoffen. Da ein hohes Maß Therapiesicherheit
erforderlich ist, gibt die europäische Leitlinie Empfehlungen zur
sicheren Anwendung. Dieses Projekt zielte darauf ab, die Anwendung der
europäischen Leitlinie in deutschen Perinatalzentren zu evaluieren und
Barrieren, die die Umsetzung erschweren oder verhindern, abzubilden.
Zusätzlich sollten Lösungsansätze zur
Überwindung möglicher Barrieren erarbeitet werden.
Methodik und Ergebnisse In einer multidisziplinären Kooperation
wurde eine Online-Umfrage durchgeführt, in der PädiaterInnen und
KrankenhausapothekerInnen aus Perinatalzentren zur Umsetzung der
europäischen Leitlinien befragt wurden. Die Umfrageergebnisse wiesen auf
Barrieren entlang des Bereitstellungsprozesses der PE hin, die eine
leitliniengerechte Anwendung erschweren. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen
erarbeitete das Expertennetzwerk ein interaktives Toolkit mit vereinfachten
Leitlinienempfehlungen, leitlinienkonformen Anwendungsratschlägen,
Best-Practice-Beispielen, Formularen und Handouts. Es soll zur kritischen
Reflexion der Routineprozesse anregen und liefert konkrete
Lösungsansätze zur Überwindung der Barrieren in der
Praxis.
Schlussfolgerung Die Anwendung der PE bei Früh- und kranken
Neugeborenen weicht von den Leitlinienempfehlungen ab. Das erarbeitete Toolkit
liefert praxisorientiere Hilfestellungen mit dem Ziel, eine leitliniengerechte
Anwendung in Perinatalzentren zu fördern.
Point Shear Wave Elastography by ElastPQ for Fibrosis Screening in Patients with NAFLD: A Prospective, Multicenter Comparison to Vibration-Controlled Elastography
Authors: Bauer David JM , Matic Vladimir , Mare Ruxandra , Maiocchi Laura , Chromy David , Müllner-Bucsics Theresa , Mandorfer Mattias , Mustapic Sandra , Sporea Ioan , Ferraioli Giovanna , Grgurevic Ivica , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Since nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of liver disease in the Western world, clinicians need reliable noninvasive tools for the identification of NAFLD-associated fibrosis. Limited evidence on the performance of the novel shear wave elastography technique Elast-PQ (EPQ) in NAFLD is available. Method In this prospective, European multinational study we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of EPQ using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) as a reference standard. Results Among 353 NAFLD patients, 332 (94.1%) fulfilled reliability criteria of VCTE and EPQ (defined by IQR/median ≤0.3; 41.3% female, mean age: 59 [IQR: 16.5], mean BMI: 29.0 (7.1)). 4/353 (1.1%) and 17/353 (4.8%) had unreliable VCTE and EPQ measurements, respectively. VCTE-based NAFLD fibrosis stages were F0/F1: 222(66.9%), F2: 41 (12.3%), F3: 30 (9.1%), F4: 39 (11.7%). We found a strong correlation (Pearson R=0.87; p<0.0001) and concordance (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient =0.792) of EPQ with VCTE. EPQ was able to identify NAFLD-fibrosis risk with the following EPQ cutoffs: ≥6.5 kPa for significant fibrosis (≥F2) (≥1.47 m/s; sensitivity: 78%; specificity: 95%; AUROC: 0.94), ≥6.9 kPa for advanced fibrosis (≥F3) (≥1.52 m/s; sens.: 88%, spec.: 89%; AUROC: 0.949), and ≥10.4 kPa for cirrhosis (F4) (≥1.86 m/s; sens.: 87%; spec.: 94%; AUROC: 0.949). Conclusion The point shear wave elastography technique EPQ shows excellent correlation to and concordance with VCTE. EPQ can reliably exclude NAFLD fibrosis <6.0 kPa (<1.41 m/s) and indicate a high risk of advanced fibrosis ≥10.4 kPa (≥1.86 m/s).