bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktorët etiologjikë, diagnoza dhe terapia e cirrozës hepatike të avancuar në Shqipëri në krahasim me të dhëna europiane
Authors: Tata Xhimi , Baiocchi Leonardo , Kondili Loreta , Babameto Adriana 
Published: February 2022

Qëllimi i studimit
Nuk ka të dhëna për epidemiologjinë e cirrozës hepatike në Shqipëri. Qëllimi i këtij studimi është të vlerësohet roli i faktorëve kryesorë shkaktarë të cirrozës, në pacientët e shtruar në spital për t’u fokusuar në fushën e parandalimit dhe mjekimit të saj.
Metodat
Të dhënat etiologjike, klinike si dhe të terapisë së pacientëve të shtruar në departamentin e gastro-hepatologjisë së Qendrës Spitalore Universitare në Tiranë u mblodhën në mënyrë konsekutive gjatë vitit 2019-2020.
Rezultatet
Nga 120 pacientë të shtruar në spital: 19% për ascit, 4% për hemoragji digjestive, 22% për encefalopati hepatike, 3% për HCC, 24% për diagnozë të parë të insuficiencës hepatike, 28% më shumë se një komplikacion të cirrozës. 56% ishin me cirrozë alkolike, 18% HBV, 7% HCV, 12% me etiologji virale dhe alkoolike, 7% me etiologji të tjera. Nga 11 pacientë me karcinomë hepatoqelizore (HCC), 73% kishin cirrozë HBV. Nga pacientët me cirrozë HBV, 19% mjekoheshin me tenofovir (mungonte testimi i HBV-DNA), 34% raportuan një trajtim të mëparshëm me lamivudine, pa mjekim aktual, 47% nuk raportonin mjekim antiviral. Nga 13 pacientë HCV+, 70% ishin HCV-RNA+, nga të cilët 23% nuk patën efekt nga trajtimet antivirale, 31% ishin HCV-RNA-.8
Konkluzione
Abuzimi i alkoolit është shkaktari kryesor i cirrozës në Shqipëri që kërkon një rritje të sensibilitetit për parandalimin e saj. Infeksioni nga HBV luan një rol të rëndësishëm, fakt që kërkon rritjen e vaksinimit dhe përdorimin efektiv të antiviralëve anti HBV. Është e nevojshme një screening për infeksionin nga HCV në popullatën me faktorë risku dhe në momentin e diagnozës duhet të fillohet mjekimi antiviral pavarësisht nga grada e dëmtimit të heparit.
Traditional use of Chinar (Platanus orientalis L.) Leaf Litter for Charcoal Making: A Case Study of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Islam M. A. , Khan P.A. , Arjumand Tahera 
Published: February 2022

The exploration and documentation of indigenous traditional knowledge (ITKs) are crucial to preserve the intellectual property, maintain its practical utility and plan projects for people’s socioeconomic development by mobilizing these untapped resources. This study was sought to investigate and provide comprehensive ITKs pertaining to utilization of Chinar (Platanus orientalis L.) leaf litter for charcoal making in Manasbal range of the Sindh Forest Division of Jammu and Kashmir UT. Multi-stage random sampling technique was employed to select the villages and households for the field survey. The ITKs on collection of leaf litter, packing and transportation, charcoal making, drying and storage of charcoal, seasonality calendar, livelihood mainstay and gender dimension of Chinar charcoal making were collected through structured interviews and non-participant observations. This study concludes that the local denizens have in-depth ITKs in sustainable use and management of Chinar leaf litter for charcoal making to meet bio-fuel needs in kangri burning for body warming during harsh winter. From the livelihood perspective, the ITKs documented on Chinar charcoal making will be a base for rural income and employment diversification through entrepreneurship development in the intervention for energy security and socioeconomic improvement.
The Features of Down Syndrome and the Risk of Parent’s Age
Authors: Abdalrazi Wafa Saad , Mansour Eldgheili Fadwa A. , Ali Elgaroushi Negeia Imhamed , Saleh Lawgali Mohanad Abdulhadi 
Published: February 2022

Background: Down syndrome is the most common autosomal disorder in humans. And the most common genetic chromosomal disorder causing mental disability in children.
It also cause other medical abnormalities including heart and gastrointestinal disorder.
These children sharing common features and characteristic faces.
Each individual with this syndrome will not have all the features, but they will have a unique combination.
Objective: In our study we try to spot light on the craniofacial features of Down syndrome in our country: their percentage; to compare it with another study in other countries.
We also focus on the craniofacial features accuracy in diagnosis. Karyotyping not always available.
Also we study the risk factors where we found that the mother age is not the only risk factor, but also the father age play a big role in Down syndrome and this risk factor needs to be studied with large number of patients.
Also we study the problems associated with Down syndrome and its percentages, and to compare it with other study done in our neighbor's countries, where we found many differences
Setting and Design: Our study is a descriptive, case series retrospective study was conducted in Benghazi Libya's children hospital.
This study includes 73 patients who were referred to our Genetic clinic from October 2016 to march 2017.
The genetic clinic is the only clinic in Benghazi and the whole East of Libya.
This clinic follows children with DS and children with dysmorphic features in Benghazi and the Libyan ‘east.
Materials and Methods: We studied 73 children randomly from different age group, and different socioeconomic classes, who attend the genetic clinic, which is an outpatient clinic and the only clinic which follows children with DS and dysmorphic feature in a pediatric hospital in Benghazi- Libya.
We took the history from the parent (the father and the Mother).
The investigation done in our hospital.
Father and mother age at pregnancy.
Spontaneous or induced pregnancy.
Drug history of the mothers and fathers.
History of abortion and normal children.
Any other baby with Down syndrome or other dysmorphic features.
Echocardiography done for all children.
Ultrasound abdomen and brain did for all children.
Thyroid function test done for all children and repeated annually for all children.
The diagnosis done mainly by clinical features. Some cases (40 cases) are proved by karyotype chromosomal analysis.
Exact Solutions of Second-order Fractional Fredholm Integro-differential Equations
Authors: Ebaid Abdelhalim , Alshahrani Ohoud A. 
Published: February 2022

The present paper analyzes the second-order fractional Fredholm integro-differential equations by means of the Caputo definition in the fractional calculus (FC). The exact solutions are obtained for two examples utilizing a direct solution method. Furthermore, it is shown that the present solutions in fractional forms reduce to the corresponding classical ones in the relevant literature, with integer derivatives, as special cases.
Assessment of Variability and Genetic Parameters in Agro-Physiological Traits of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Ram Lekha , Baraiya Balram , Choudhary Ashok Kumar , Kachouli Basant 
Published: February 2022

An experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2017-18 to estimate the genetic parameters of variation including heritability and genetic advance for agro-physiological characters viz., days to flower initiation, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per plant, biological yield per plant (g), seed yield per plant (g), 100-seed weight (g), root length (cm), relative water content and harvest index (%) in 20 genotypes of chickpea. High phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) were observed for characters viz., number of branches per plant, seeds per plant and 100-seed weight. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variance and their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters were observed in good agreement reflecting the narrow range of environmental influence in the manifestation of the characters. High heritability was recorded for number of branches per plant, 100-seed weight, seeds per plant, pods per plant and biological yield per plant. High heritability combined with high genetic advance was observed for seeds per plant, pods per plant and 100-seed weight which indicated that these traits were governed by additive gene effects and phenotypic selection would be effective in early generations for these characters.
Effect of Land Configuration and Moisture Regimes on Productivity of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) in Summer Season
Authors: Nand Vishuddha , Patel Vinay Kumar , Srivastav Ashish Kumar 
Published: February 2022

An experiment was conducted on “Effect of land configuration and moisture regimes on productivity of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) in summer season.” during 2018-19 at Agronomy Research Farm, ANDUA and T, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The experiment accomplished of 12 treatment combinations and laid out in split plot design, replicated three times. The Experiment consisted of three land configuration viz. flat bed planting (P1), ridge planting (P2) and paired row planting on raised bed (P3) were kept in main plots and four moisture regimes viz.0.5 IW/CPE ratio, 0.7 IW/CPE ratios, 0.9 IW/CPE ratios and 1.1 IW/CPE ratios were allotted in sub plots. The experimental results revealed that growth parameters, such as plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, days to 50 percent ear emergence and days to50 percent maturity and yield were obtained maximum with the paired row planting methods followed by ridge planting and flat bed planting and yield attributes such as number of cobs plant-1 , number grains row-1, number of grains cob-1, cob length (cm), cob girth (cm), grains weight cob-1(g), cob weight (g), shelling percentage (%), grain yield (q ha-1), stover yield (q ha-1), and biological yield (q ha-1) were also increased similarity in same treatment. In case of moisture regimes, the same trends were observed maximum when applied irrigation at 1.1 IW/CPE ratios as compared to other moisture regimes.
Effect of Potassium Nitrate Spray on the Flowering and Fruiting of Mango Varieties Grown in Uganda
Authors: Katwesige Annet , Ddamulira Gabriel , Katuromunda Sylvester 
Published: February 2022

Aims: To evaluate the effect of potassium nitrate (KNO3) on flowering and fruiting of mangoes in Uganda.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design in a split plot arrangement.
Place and Duration of Study: National Crops Resources Research Institute Namulonge, National Semi–Arid Resources Research Institute in Serere and Bulindi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute in Hoima in 2015 and 2016.
Methodology: The study was superimposed on eight-year-old mango orchards which were simultaneously planted at the three sites. Main plot treatments comprised three mango varieties (Bire, Tommy Atkins, Zillate), while sub-plot treatments comprised four concentrations of KNO3 (zero as control, 1, 2 and 4%). Data was collected on number of terminal buds induced after applying KNO3, percentage flowering, number of fruits set per 20 panicles and fruit yield per tree.
Results: Trees sprayed with KNO3 produced higher (P < .05) numbers of terminal buds than the control. Across sites, Bire produced higher numbers of buds (64.8) than Tommy Atkins (46.3) and Zillate (17.8). Flowering response was higher in Bire (28.6%) than in Tommy Atkins (20.8%) and Zillate (17.8%). Flowering response of trees sprayed with 2% KNO3 (31.4%) was higher than that of trees sprayed with 1% KNO3 (24.7%). Mean number of fruits induced per 20 panicles in trees sprayed with 4% KNO3 (8.24) was higher than that of trees sprayed with 1% KNO3 (4.8). Fruit yield of Tommy Atkins (23.01 kg/tree) was higher than that of Bire (10.97 kg/tree). Mean fruit yield of trees sprayed with 2% KNO3 (27.36 kg/tree) was higher than that of trees sprayed with 1% KNO3 (15.93 kg/tree).
Conclusion: For better fruit yields, farmers at Bulindi should grow Tommy Atkins and apply 2% KNO3. Farmers at Namulonge can grow any of the three mango varieties and apply 2 or 4% KNO3, while those at Serere can grow Tommy Atkins and Zillate, and should apply 4% KNO3.
A Study Protocol for Assessing the Effect of Diode Green Photocoagulation with Rose Bengal in Progressive Infectious Keratitis
Authors: Katruwar Kalyani , Sune Mona 
Published: February 2022

Background: Infectious keratitis manifested as corneal ulcer can result in formation of pus in corneal tissue. The incidence has increased in recent years due to overuse of steroids. Infectious keratitis is the most common cause of blindness in India. Rose Bengal proves to be a promising option to treat this condition. Rose Bengal is topical ophthalmic dye which is mildly toxic. It is absorbed by damaged epithelial cells, mucus and fibrous cells. This stain is available in the form of 1% solution or impregnated filter strips. This study aims to assess the duration of resolution of corneal ulcer after Rose Bengal photodynamic therapy.
Methodology: This will be an experimental study carried out at ophthalmology department of AVBRH, Wardha. Total 55 cases will be enrolled and examined on daily basis for one week. Pachymetry and specular microscopy will be done before Rose Bengal Photodynamic Therapy and at the end of three months of treatment.
Results: Resistant infectious keratitis is expected to show complete healing of epithelial defect after receiving photodynamic therapy with green diode laser.
Case Report on Hirschsprung’s Disease
Authors: Talekar Yash , Tivaskar Suhas , Luharia Anurag , Christian Ravi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Hirschsprung's disease (HIRSH-SPROONGZ) is a disorder that affects the large intestine (colon) and makes passing faces difficult. As a result of missing nerve cells in the baby's colon muscles, the disease is present at birth (congenital). Hirschsprung’s popularized it in 1886 after “Ruysch” recognized it in 1961. Hirschsprung’s disease is an intrinsic developmental condition. The enteric nervous system has an inherent component.
Clinical Findings: Difficulty in passing stool, Abdominal pain, Fever, (Temperature 100-degree f) Vomiting, Failure of thrive, constipation, tiredness.
Diagnostic Evaluation: CBC Investigation, blood test, Hb-12.9%, Total RBC count-4.84million/cumm, RDW-13.2%, HCT-36.7%, Total WBC Count-26200 cu mm, Monocytes- 01%, Granulocytes- 30%, Lymphocytes- 65%, Total platelet count-3.5 Lacs/cu mm, ALT(SGPT)-17 U/L, AST (SGOT)-44 U/L.
Peripheral Smear: RBCs-Normocytic Normochromic Platelets-Adequate on smear, No Hemiparasite seen, WBCs-Neutrophilic leukocytosis.
Therapeutic Intervention: - blood Transfusion, Inj.Aminoven 200 mg BD, Inj. Cefotaxime 400mg BD IV, Inj. Pantaprazole 12mg OD, Syp. Augmentin 3ml BD, Syp. Azee 5ml OD, Inj. Emset 1.8 mg SOS.
Outcome: After treatment the child shows improvement his passing stool frequently and relive vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and facial expression are good.
Conclusion: - My patient was admitted in pediatric ward no 22 at AVBRH with a known case of Hirschsprung’s disease, and he had complaint of difficulty in passing stool at birth, after getting appropriate treatment and surgery his condition was improve.
Study the Effectiveness of Vacuum Assisted Closure Therapy in the Healing of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Magesh B. , Magesh M. 
Published: February 2022

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of vacuum assisted closure(vac) therapy in the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcer.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted among the patients who were admitted and treated for diabetic foot ulcer in Saveetha Medical College And Hospital over a period of 6 months from January 2021 to June 2021. There were about 15 patients admitted and treated for the same.
Results: An aggregate of 15 patients were remembered for the review. Among them 62% (n=9) were male and 38% (n=6). Age range was from 30 to 70 years with a mean age of 50 ± 9.75 years. The recurrence of VAC dressing change was following 24-48 hours for 75% (n=11) wounds, like clockwork for 15% (n=4) wounds. Larger part of patients (92.5%, n=13) don't need extra debridement over the span of VAC treatment. Normal decrease in injury region noticed was 11.4 ± 4.55 cm2 (territory, 3.4 to 38.6cm2) and the normal season of recuperating noticed was 21.75±10.55 days (range, 14 to 4 days).
Conclusion: VAC treatment is exceptionally powerful and helpful in the treatment of diabetic foot disease and ulcers and plays an authoritative part upgrading granulation tissue arrangement, wound size decrease, recuperating of twisted in lesser time.
Evaluation of Relative Oral Bioavailability of Shankha bhasma Prepared by Two Different Methods in Healthy Volunteers: A Study Protocol
Authors: Dukare Pranjali , Rathi Bharat 
Published: February 2022

Background: Rastarangini Shankha (Conch Shell) Bhasma is one of the traditional medicines reported to be used for centuries in the treatment of calcium deficiency disorders. It proves to be a good source of calcium. But reports on its bioavailability are hardly available. This study aims to assess the methods of preparation of Shankha Bhasma and assess its relative oral bioavailability in healthy volunteers.
Materials and Methods: This study will include preparation of Shankha Bhasma in Rasashastra department. The traditional method will be giving Putas. Another method includes heating Shudhha Shankha on gas flame. The products obtained with these procedures will undergo Bhasma Pariksha that includes organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, microbial contamination and other relevant tests. This will be randomized single blind control study of 90 healthy volunteers (30 in each group). The data on oral bioavailability in healthy volunteers will be analyzed by using Pair and unpaired “t” Test, One way ANOVA and descriptive statistics.
Results: The relative oral bioavailability of Shankha Bhasma is expected to show all pharmaceutico analytical parameters within normal range and reflect significant effects on healthy volunteers.
Conclusion: Significant efficacy of this product directs a new gateway for the management of bioavailability of calcium drugs.
Estimating the Correlation of Ankle Brachial Index with Vascular Risk Factors in Pre-diabetics
Authors: Phate Neha , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya , Wanjari Anil , Agrawal Sachin , Gaidhane Shilpa 
Published: February 2022

Background: Prediabetes is characterized by a long duration of insulin resistance and increased fasting plasma glucose. Among the various risk factors for cardiovascular atherosclerosis and prediabetes, insulin resistance is one of them. Glycemia has been recognized to affect microvascular damage as compared to macrovascular damage. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, affordable and non-invasive test as compared to angiography and has been found to have a high sensitivity and accuracy for the diagnosis of PAD, the gold-standard diagnostic method. This index is based on the fact that in healthy people, systolic blood pressure in the legs is typically equal to or marginally greater than in the upper limbs. This study aims to assess the correlation of ABI with vascular risk factors among subjects with Prediabetes like anthropometric measurement like BMI, Waist hip ratio and neck circumference.
Methods: This will be a observational cross sectional study. The present research will involve a cluster of prediabetic subjects. ABI will be determined for all patients. Anthropometric measurements will be taken and blood investigations will be conducted. All data will be compiled and analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.
Expected Results: We expect a significant association between prevalence of low ABI in prediabetics and heart problems.
Conclusion: This research will highlight the adequate clinical and sociological assessment of pre-diabetes patients, including those who have been diagnosed for a long period of time.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta as Salivary Biomarker in Periodontitis Patients with or without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Revathi B. , Jeevitha M. , Jayakumar N. D. , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: February 2022

Aim: To estimate the salivary TGF-beta levels in periodontitis patients with or without diabetes mellitus
Materials and methods: Thirty patients [15 males and 15 females] were included in this study and divided into three groups. Group a included 10 participants with periodontal health. Group b included 10 participants with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Group c included 10 participants with periodontitis only. Saliva samples were collected and TGF-beta levels were compared between the groups using Sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay by commercially available human TGF-beta 96 well ELISA kit. The data were statistically analysed by One-Way- ANOVA. Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test was used to test the significance at the levels of P< 0.05.
Results: TGF- beta level was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (108 ±7.1pg/ml) when compared with periodontitis only (77±3.5 pg/ml) and also when compared with healthy controls (66±5.6 pg/ml).
Conclusion: The results indicate that TGF beta level was found to be increased in the saliva of patients with periodontitis with diabetes mellitus than healthy controls, suggesting that diabetes mellitus and periodontitis show detrimental effects on each other through TGF beta pathway and thus estimation of salivary TGF beta levels may help to monitor the periodontal disease severity in diabetic patients.
Assessing the Oral Flora Changes Pre-operatively, Post-operatively and Post Radiotherapy in Patients Having Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hora Srajan , Gaikwad Prafulla 
Published: February 2022

Background: The occurrence of oral malignancies like oral squamous cell carcinoma has an effect on the microbiota present in the oral cavity. It is observed that radiotherapy exposures can also lead to disturbances within the oral microbiota.
Objectives: To assess the oral microbiota in patients having oral malignancy and in normal healthy individuals, and compare them to evaluate the changes associated with oral malignancies and their treatment.
Methodology: The study will be conducted in the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department at SharadPawar Dental College, DMIMS, Sawangi(Wardha). The study comprises of 50 Participants who will participate in the study after agreeing to an informed consent.
Results: Athorough investigation of the biological behaviour of the microflorawas considered necessary to understand their exact specific roles in the process of carcinogenesis, which can be achieved by isolating the specific associated strains and their consequent profiling using various sequencing methods.
Conclusion: There can be a definite relationship between the prevalence of oral malignancies and their consequent changes in the oral microbiota.