bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiocirculatory Stress in Professional Football (Soccer) Coaches
Authors: Meyer Tim , Demond Vera , Scharhag Jürgen 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
It was intended to quantify cardiocirculatory stress and risk of professional football (soccer) coaches during competition.

Design:
Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Medical screening examination and measurements during match.

Participants:
Seventeen coaches and 11 assistant coaches of the 2 highest German football leagues (male coaches; 46 ± 7 years; 8 ± 7 years in job).

Independent variables:
Professional football matches with highly competitive character were chosen and monitored for elicited cardiocirculatory stress and possible damage.

Main Outcome Measures:
Indicators of general health status, occurrence of arrhythmias, and course of heart rate and cardiac biomarkers (brain natriuretic peptide [BNP], troponin I) during the match.

Results:
Besides a few preexisting cardiovascular diseases, medical screening revealed a risk factor profile similar to the general population and above-average maximal/submaximal cycle ergometry performance: P
max 2.9 ± 0.5 W*kg−1; PWC130 1.9 ± 0.5 W*kg−1. No match-induced changes were detected for BNP (20.5 ± 9.4 to 19.7 ± 10.7 pg/mL; P = 0.48) and troponin I (12.6 ± 16.5 to 10.5 ± 14.1 ng/L; P = 0.31). Maximal heart rate during the first and second half was 127 ± 15 and 132 ± 19 beats per minute, respectively. No match-induced arrhythmias of higher degree were detected.

Conclusions:
Head and assistant coaches of German professional football teams do not show any match-induced cardiac damage, despite considerable cardiocirculatory stress. Possibly, their above-average fitness level saves them from more detrimental outcomes.
Electrically Evoked Auditory Late Responses as a Novel Method for Cochlear Implant Programming
Authors: Deniz Rişvan , Kara Eyyup , Deniz Burcu , Kara Halide Çetin , Yener Haydar Murat , Ataş Ahmet 
Published: January 2022

Hypothesis:
Electrically evoked auditory late responses (eALR) are useful as an objective cochlear implant (CI) fitting method.

Background:
Different objective and behavioral methods are used for CI fitting. However, there is no objective method that indicates that the electrical signal reaches the auditory cortex. eALR is an indicator that electrical signals reach the auditory cortex, so our aim was to investigate the use of eALR as an objective method for CI programming.

Methods:
Two different programs were created for 21 unilateral Med-El CI users. In the first program, the most comfortable level (MCL) was adjusted with the electrical stapes reflex threshold (eSRT), and the threshold levels (THR) were behaviorally adjusted according to the user's feedback. In the second program, the MCL level was adjusted to a level where all the components of the eALR were clearly seen, and the user did not feel uncomfortable; the THR levels were adjusted to the lowest level where the eALR P1 wave could be seen. The results of the MCL and THR levels of the two programs and the free field tests conducted with both programs were compared.

Results:
While MCL levels did not differ significantly between the two programs, a significant difference was observed between THR levels. In addition, no significant difference was found between hearing and speech tests with CI in the free field.

Conclusion:
The results revealed no significant performance difference between the two programs and that eALR could be preferred as an objective method for MCL determination.
Low health-related quality of life in adult individuals with multiple limb deficiencies compared with population-based reference values
Authors: Alexanderson H. , Frimore L. , Espinosa F. , Wikström M. , Stockselius A. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Knowledge on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in multiple limb deficiencies (LDs) is limited.

Objectives:
To investigate self-reported HRQoL in multiple LDs, assess differences between congenital LD and acquired LD and sex, and to evaluate associations between the types of LDs, demographic variables, and HRQoL.

Study design:
Cross-sectional cohort study.

Methods:
A total of 106 individuals with multiple limb deficiencies treated at the EX-Center were invited by mail to fill out the Short Form-36 survey.

Results:
Responses from 62 participants, mean age ± SD 49.5 ± 14.2, showed that 43 had congenital LD and 19 had acquired LD. Responders reported reduced HRQoL in all Short Form-36 domains except Role-Emotional, compared with reference values (P < 0.05–<0.001). Individuals with a congenital LD reported worse Bodily Pain than acquired LD (P < 0.05), and women reported lower Physical Function than men (P < 0.05). Sick leave was negatively associated with physical composite score. Living in a rural area was positively associated with Mental Health (P < 0.01), and congenital LD was negatively associated with Vitality (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Individuals with multiple LDs in Sweden have lower HRQoL compared with reference values. There are significant associations between sick leave and physical function, rural living and mental health, and the type of LD and vitality.
Knee Injuries in the Elite American Football Player: A Descriptive Pictorial Imaging and Mechanism of Injury Review
Authors: Hernandez Ricardo J. , Lamplot Joseph D. , Hammond Kyle E. , Joshi Nirav B. , Wong Phillip K. , Umpirrez Monica , Singer Adam , Gonzalez Felix M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries are common in American football, with an incidence ranging from approximately 10 to 35 per 1000 playing hours. Injuries occur more commonly in games than in practice. Although several studies have analyzed specific injury types in football, this review aims to describe the most common knee injuries sustained by American football players and to review the existing literature pertaining to the radiologic findings used in the diagnosis of these injuries.
Computed Tomography–Guided Lumbar Puncture: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Ökçesiz İzzet , Dönmez Halil , Herdem Nevzat , Sarilar Ayşe Çağlar 
Published: January 2022

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the utility of computed tomography (CT) guidance in difficult lumbar puncture (LP) cases, which had a history of at least one unsuccessful blind attempt at LP (no imaging guidance), and to note potential advantages and disadvantages of the use of CT guidance.

Methods
In total, 32 CT-guided LP procedures performed between June 2019 and March 2021 were included. All LP indications were recorded. The procedures where the cerebrospinal fluid flow was provided by a single puncture were evaluated as “primary technical success.” “Secondary technical success” corresponded with the procedures in which additional puncture was necessary for the cerebrospinal fluid flow.

Results
Intrathecal nusinersen injections due to spinal muscular atrophy constituted the largest procedure group of this study. Among 32 procedures, primary and secondary technical success rates were 78.12% and 28.57%, respectively. There were no major procedural complications.

Conclusions
Computed tomography–guided LP is an effective interventional technique offering an alternative approach in the setting of difficult LP procedures.
18F-Fluciclovine Uptake in Intramuscular Injecting Site of Antiandrogen
Authors: Hsieh Te-Chun , Wu Yu-Chin , Kao Chia-Hung , Yen Kuo-Yang , Sun Shung-Shung 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

18F-fluciclovine, a radiolabeled amino acid analog, has been approved by US Food and Drug Administration for detecting lesions of biochemical recurrence of prostate adenocarcinoma with PET/CT. However, it is not specific for prostate cancer and has been found to be present in variety of malignant and benign etiologies. We herein present an interesting case of the incidental finding of increasing uptake of 18F-fluciclovine related to intramuscular injection of antiandrogen.
In Situ Simulation as a Tool to Longitudinally Identify and Track Latent Safety Threats in a Structured Quality Improvement Initiative for SARS-CoV-2 Airway Management
Authors: Jafri Farrukh N. , Yang Christina J. , Kumar Anshul , Torres Rafael E. , Ahmed Sadia T. , Seneviratne Namal , Zarowin Diana , Bajaj Komal , Edwards Roger A. 
Published: January 2022

Background
In situ simulation has emerged as a powerful tool for identifying latent safety threats (LSTs). After the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an urban community emergency department (ED) identified opportunities for improvement surrounding acute airway management and particularly focused on infection control precautions, equipment availability, and interprofessional communication during acute resuscitation. Using the Model for Improvement, a hybrid in situ/quality improvement initiative was implemented using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles to enhance systems for intubating patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
Three PDSA cycles consisting of 10 simulations each were conducted from June 2020 through February 2021. Latent safety threats (LST) were identified through an in situ simulation scenario involving a patient with SARS-CoV-2 in acute respiratory failure. LSTs were collected through structured debriefs focused on (1) infection control, (2) equipment availability, and (3) communication. The SAFER-Matrix was used to score LSTs according to frequency and likelihood of harm by members of the ED QI team (SAFER score). The research team worked with the same QI leaders to implement action plans based on scored threats using cause-and-effect and driver diagrams. The Donabedian model was used to conceptually evaluate the quality of interventions upon conclusion of the third PDSA cycle.

Results
The median SAFER score decreased from 10.94 in PDSA cycle 1 to 6.77 in PDSA cycle 2 to 4.71 in PDSA cycle 3. Across all identified LSTs, the SAFER score decreased by 3.114 for every additional PDSA cycle (P = 0.0167). When evaluating for threats identified as being primarily structure based, there was a decrease in SAFER score of 1.28 per every additional PDSA cycle (P = 0.001). There was a decrease in total count of LST of 0.20 per additional simulation run (P = 0.02) after controlling for shift type, census, perceived workload, team size, and prior attendance in simulations across all PDSA cycles.

Conclusions
This study presents a blueprint for the utilization of in situ simulation through multiple waves of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to identify LSTs and use the SAFER score as a surrogate marker to monitor the impact of interventions for a safer environment for both medical staff and patients.
Structural Racism and Breast Cancer-specific Survival
Authors: Goel Neha , Westrick Ashly C. , Bailey Zinzi D. , Hernandez Alexandra , Balise Raymond R. , Goldfinger Erica , Antoni Michael H. , Stoler Justin , Kesmodel Susan B. , Kobetz Erin N. 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
To analyze the effect of economic and racial/ethnic residential segregation on breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in South Florida, a diverse metropolitan area that mirrors the projected demographics of many United States regions.

Summary Background Data:
Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, racial and economic disparities in BCSS. This study evaluates these disparities through the lens of racial and economic residential segregation, which approximate the impact of structural racism.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study of stage I to IV breast cancer patients treated at our institution from 2005 to 2017. Our exposures include index of concentration at the extremes, a measurement of economic and racial neighborhood segregation, which was computed at the census-tract level using American Community Survey data. The primary outcome was BCSS.

Results:
Random effects frailty models predicted that patients living in low-income neighborhoods had higher mortality compared to those living in high-income neighborhoods [hazard ratios (HR): 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–2.00]. Patients living in low-income non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic neighborhoods had higher mortality compared to those living in high-income non-Hispanic White (NHW) neighborhoods (HR: 2.43, 95%CI: 1.72, 3.43) and (HR: 1.99, 95%CI: 1.39, 2.84), after controlling for patient characteristics, respectively. In adjusted race-stratified analysis, NHWs living in low-income non-Hispanic Black neighborhoods had higher mortality compared to NHWs living in high-income NHW neighborhoods (HR: 4.09, 95%CI: 2.34–7.06).

Conclusions:
Extreme racial/ethnic and economic segregation were associated with lower BCSS. We add novel insight regarding NHW and Hispanics to a growing body of literature that demonstrate how the ecological effects of structural racism—expressed through poverty and residential segregation—shape cancer survival.
Balancing enrollment and mortality in hemorrhage control trials: A secondary analysis of the PROPPR trial
Authors: Abraham Peter J. , Gonzalez-Sigler Irina , Reynolds Lindy , Griffin Russell L. , Gelbard Rondi B. , Kerby Jeffrey D. , Holcomb John B. , Jansen Jan O. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Designing clinical trials on hemorrhage control requires carefully balancing the need for high enrollment numbers with the need of focusing on the sickest patients. The Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios (PROPPR) trial enrolled patients within 2 hours of arrival to the emergency department for a trial of injured patients at risk for massive transfusion. We conducted a secondary analysis to determine how time-to-randomization affected patient outcomes and the balance between enrollment and mortality.

METHODS
Patients from the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios trial were compared based on 30-minute time to randomization intervals. Outcomes included 24-hour and 30-day mortality, time to hemostasis, adverse events, and operative procedures. Additional analyses were conducted based on treatment arm allocation, mechanism of injury, and variation in start time (arrival vs. randomization).

RESULTS
Randomization within 30 minutes of arrival was associated with higher injury severity (median Injury Severity Score, 29 vs. 26 overall; p < 0.01), lower systolic blood pressure (median, 91 vs. 102 mm Hg overall; p < 0.01), and increased penetrating mechanism (50% vs. 47% overall; p < 0.01). Faster time-to-randomization was associated with increased 24-hour (20% for 0- to 30 minute entry, 9% for 31-minute to 60-minute entry, 10% for 61-minute to 90-minute entry, 0% for 91-minute to 120-minute entry; p < 0.01) and 30-day mortality (p < 0.01). There were no significant associations between time-to-randomization and adverse event occurrence, operative interventions, or time to hemostasis.

CONCLUSION
Increasing time to randomization in this large multicenter randomized trial was associated with increased survival. Fastest randomization (within 0–30 minutes) was associated with highest 24-hour and 30-day mortality, but only 57% of patients were enrolled within this timeframe. Only 3% of patients were enrolled within the last 30-minute window (91–120 minutes), with none of them dying within the first 24 hours. For a more optimal balance between enrollment and mortality, investigators should consider shortening the time to randomization when planning future clinical trials of hemorrhage control interventions.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiologic; Level II.
Higher Proinflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Increased Antibody Titer After a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Karaba Andrew H. , Zhu Xianming , Benner Sarah E. , Akinde Olivia , Eby Yolanda , Wang Kristy H. , Saraf Sharada , Garonzik-Wang Jacqueline M. , Klein Sabra L. , Bailey Justin R. , Cox Andrea L. , Blankson Joel N. , Durand Christine M. , Segev Dorry L. , Werbel William A. , Tobian Aaron A.R. 
Published: January 2022

Background.
Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 and exhibit lower antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This study aimed to determine if prevaccination cytokine levels are associated with antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Methods.
A cross-sectional study was performed among 58 SOTRs before and after two-dose mRNA vaccine series, 35 additional SOTRs before and after a third vaccine dose, and comparison to 16 healthy controls (HCs). Antispike antibody was assessed using the IgG Euroimmun ELISA. Electrochemiluminescence detection-based multiplexed sandwich immunoassays (Meso Scale Diagnostics) were used to quantify plasma cytokine and chemokine concentrations (n = 20 analytes) and compare concentrations between SOTRs and HCs, stratified by ultimate antibody response to the vaccine using Wilcoxon-rank-sum test with false discovery rates computed to correct for multiple comparisons.

Results.
In the study population, 100% of HCs, 59% of SOTRs after 2 doses and 63% of SOTRs after 3 doses had a detectable antibody response. Multiple baseline cytokines were elevated in SOTRs versus HCs. There was no significant difference in baseline cytokine levels between SOTRs with high versus low-titer antibodies after 2 doses of vaccine. However, as compared with poor antibody responders, SOTRs who went on to develop a high-titer antibody response to a third dose of vaccine had significantly higher prethird dose levels of several innate immune cytokines including IL-17, IL-2Ra, IL-6, IP-10, MIP-1α, and TNF-α (false discovery rates < 0.05).

Conclusions.
A specific inflammatory profile may be associated with developing higher antibodies in response to a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in SOTRs.
The evolutionary history of mammoth wasps (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae)
Authors: Khouri Z. , Gillung J.P. , Kimsey L.S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractScoliid wasps comprise a clade of aculeate insects whose larvae are parasitoids of scarabaeid beetle grubs. While scoliids have been studied and used as biological control agents, research into the group’s evolution, as well as the stability of scoliid taxonomy, has been limited by a lack of reliable phylogenies. We use ultraconserved element (UCE) data under concatenation and the multispecies coalescent to infer a phylogeny of the Scoliidae. In order to mitigate potential issues arising from model misspecification, we perform data filtering experiments using posterior predictive checks and matched-pairs tests of symmetry. Our analyses confirm the position ofProscoliaas sister to all other extant scoliids. We also find strong support for a sister group relationship between the campsomerine genusColpaand the Scoliini, rendering the Campsomerini non-monophyletic. Campsomerini excludingColpa(hereafter Campsomerinisensu stricto) is inferred to be monophyletic, with the Australasian genusTrisciloarecovered as sister to the remaining members of the group. Out of nine genera in which more than one species was sampled,Campsomeriella,Dielis,Megascolia, andScoliaare inferred to be non-monophyletic. Analyses incorporating fossil data indicate an Early Cretaceous origin of the crown Scoliidae, with the split between Scoliini +Colpaand Campsomerinis.s.most probably occurring in the Late Cretaceous. Posterior means of Scoliini +Colpaand Campsomerinis.s.crown ages are estimated to be in the Paleogene, though age 95% HPD intervals extend slightly back past the K-Pg boundary, and analyses including fossils of less certain placement result in more posterior mass on older ages. Our estimates of the stem ages of Nearctic scoliid clades are consistent with dispersal across Beringia during the Oligocene or later Eocene. Our study provides a foundation for future research into scoliid wasp evolution and biogeography by being the first to leverage genome-scale data and model-based methods. However, the precision of our dating analyses is constrained by the paucity of well-preserved fossils reliably attributable to the scoliid crown group. Despite concluding that the higher-level taxonomy of the Scoliidae is in dire need of revision, we recommend that taxonomic changes be predicated on datasets that extend the geographic and taxonomic sampling of the current study.
CD39 Identifies Tumor-Reactive CD8 T cells in Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Chow Andrew , Uddin Fathema Z. , Mangarin Levi , Rizvi Hira , Dobrin Anton , Tischfield Sam , Quintanal-Villalonga Alvaro , Chan Joseph M. , Shah Nisargbhai , Allaj Viola , Manoj Parvathy , Mattar Marissa , Meneses Maximiliano , Liu Michael , Landau Rebecca , Ward Mariana , Kulick Amanda , Kwong Charlene , Wierzbicki Matthew , Yavner Jessica , Chavan Shweta S. , Farillas Abigail , Holland Aliya , Sridhar Harsha , Ciampricotti Metamia , Hirschhorn Daniel , Richards Allison L , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Heller Glenn , Klebanoff Christopher A. , Hellmann Matthew D. , de Stanchina Elisa , Sen Triparna , Wolchok Jedd D. , Merghoub Taha , Rudin Charles M. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe repertoire of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be vast, and many of these TILs are not endowed with tumor reactivity. While a number of reports have shown that tumor-reactive TILs express CD39, few reports have demonstrated that conversely, CD39 can be leveraged to serve as a proxy of tumor-reactive CD8 T cells. Using single-cell CITE/RNA/TCRseq, we show that CD39+ CD8 T cells in human lung cancers demonstrate transcriptional and proteomic features of exhaustion, tumor reactivity, and clonal expansion. Moreover, TCR cloning revealed that CD39 enriched for tumor-reactive CD8 T cell clones. Flow cytometry of 440 lung cancer specimens revealed that CD39 level on CD8 T cells is only weakly correlated with tumoral features that currently guide lung cancer therapy, such as histology, driver mutation, PD-L1 and tumor mutation burden. PD-1 axis blockade, but not cytotoxic chemotherapy, increased intratumoral CD39+ CD8 T cells. CD39 correlated with PD-1 expression on CD8 T cells and high pre-treatment/early-on-treatment levels were associated with improved clinical outcomes, but not immune-related adverse events, from immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This comprehensive profiling of the clinical, pathological and molecular features highlights the utility of CD39 as a proxy for tumor-reactive CD8 T cells in human lung cancer.
Bioinspired Stretchable Transducer for Wearable Continuous Monitoring of Respiratory Patterns in Humans and Animals
Authors: Cotur Yasin , Olenik Selin , Asfour Tarek , Bruyns-Haylett Michael , Kasimatis Michael , Tanriverdi Ugur , Gonzalez-Macia Laura , Lee Hong Seok , Kozlov Andrei S. , Güder Firat 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report a bio-inspired continuous wearable respiration sensor modeled after the lateral line system of fish which is used by the fish for detecting mechanical disturbances in the water. Despite the clinical importance of monitoring respiratory activity in humans and animals, continuous measurements of breathing patterns and rates are rarely performed in or outside of clinics. This is largely due to conventional sensors being too inconvenient or expensive for wearable sensing for most individuals and animals. The bio-inspired air-silicone composite transducer is placed on the chest and measures respiratory activity by continuously measuring the force applied to an air channel embedded inside a silicone-based elastomeric material. The force applied on the surface of the transducer during breathing changes the air pressure inside the channel which is measured using a commercial pressure sensor and mixed-signal wireless electronics. We extensively characterized the transducer produced in this work and tested it with humans, dogs, and laboratory rats. The bio-inspired air-silicone composite transducer may enable the early detection of a range of disorders that result in altered patterns of respiration. The technology reported can also be combined with artificial intelligence and cloud computing to algorithmically detect illness in humans and animals remotely, reducing unnecessary visits to clinics.