bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autonomous measurement system for photovoltaic and radiometer soiling losses
Authors: Campos Laura , Wilbert Stefan , Carballo José , Meyer zu Köcker Juliane , Wolfertstetter Fabian , La Casa José , Borg Erik , Schmidt Karsten , Zarzalejo Luis F. , Fernández‐García Aránzazu , Santos Fernanda Norde , García Ginés 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoiling can greatly reduce both the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the signals of radiometers. The knowledge of the current soiling losses of a PV installation can be used to optimize the cleaning schedule and to avoid false alarms related to other issues that might cause underperformance. Underperformance can be detected by comparing measured to modeled PV production derived using pyranometer or reference cell measurements. Soiled pyranometers or reference cells lead to too low modeled PV production so that PV soiling or other errors might not be detected. So far, soiling sensors either require frequent cleaning or they use indirect measurements to derive the soiling loss (e.g., analysis of backscattering signal or imaging of dust on a glass surface). Currently, the soiling loss of pyranometers or outdoor reference cells uses the comparison to another frequently cleaned device of the same model. To avoid time‐consuming maintenance of the sensors and to avoid additional sensors as much as possible, we developed a new method for measuring PV and radiometer soiling losses. The method makes use of a characterized lamp that is protected from soiling by a collimator and that illuminates the pyranometer or reference cell each night for some time. Comparing the signals of one night to the signal obtained at a night shortly after the last cleaning of the sensor, its soiling loss can be derived. To validate the measurements of soiling losses for the pyranometer and the reference cell, the soiling losses of the devices are also derived by comparing their signals to those of a clean sensor of the same type. These reference instruments are calibrated relative to the test devices so that deviations indicate the soiling loss of the test sensors. The first outdoor tests with 4 months of data show a good agreement with the reference measurements of the soiling losses. The accuracy of the method is estimated to be similar to that of the reference method, which involves the daily cleaning of the reference devices.
1D2DSimScore: A novel method for comparing contacts in biomacromolecules and their complexes
Authors: Moafinejad S. Naeim , Pandaranadar Jeyeram Iswarya P. N. , Jaryani Farhang , Shirvanizadeh Niloofar , Baulin Eugene F. , Bujnicki Janusz M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe biologically relevant structures of proteins and nucleic acids and their complexes are dynamic. They include a combination of regions ranging from rigid structural segments to structural switches to regions that are almost always disordered, which interact with each other in various ways. Comparing conformational changes and variation in contacts between different conformational states is essential to understand the biological functions of proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes. Here, we describe a new computational tool, 1D2DSimScore, for comparing contacts and contact interfaces in all kinds of macromolecules and macromolecular complexes, including proteins, nucleic acids, and other molecules. 1D2DSimScore can be used to compare structural features of macromolecular models between alternative structures obtained in a particular experiment or to score various predictions against a defined “ideal” reference structure. Comparisons at the level of contacts are particularly useful for flexible molecules, for which comparisons in 3D that require rigid‐body superpositions are difficult, and in biological systems where the formation of specific inter‐residue contacts is more relevant for the biological function than the maintenance of a specific global 3D structure. Similarity/dissimilarity scores calculated by 1D2DSimScore can be used to complement scores describing 3D structural similarity measures calculated by the existing tools.
Higher‐order interactions of Bcr‐Abl can broaden chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) drug repertoire
Authors: Liu Yonglan , Zhang Mingzhen , Jang Hyunbum , Nussinov Ruth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBcr‐Abl, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, is associated with leukemias, especially chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Deletion of Abl's N‐terminal region, to which myristoyl is linked, renders the Bcr‐Abl fusion oncoprotein constitutively active. The substitution of Abl's N‐terminal region by Bcr enables Bcr‐Abl oligomerization. Oligomerization is critical: it promotes clustering on the membrane, which is essential for potent MAPK signaling and cell proliferation. Here we decipher the Bcr‐Abl specific, step‐by‐step oligomerization process, identify a specific packing surface, determine exactly how the process is structured and identify its key elements. Bcr's coiled coil (CC) domain at the N‐terminal controls Bcr‐Abl oligomerization. Crystallography validated oligomerization via Bcr‐Abl dimerization between two Bcr CC domains, with tetramerization via tight packing between two binary assemblies. However, the structural principles guiding Bcr CC domain oligomerization are unknown, hindering mechanistic understanding and drugs exploiting it. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we determine that the binary complex of the Bcr CC domain serves as a basic unit in the quaternary complex providing a specific surface for dimer–dimer packing and higher‐order oligomerization. We discover that the small α1‐helix is the key. In the binary assembly, the helix forms interchain aromatic dimeric packing, and in the quaternary assembly, it contributes to the specific dimer–dimer packing. Our mechanism is supported by the experimental literature. It offers the key elements controlling this process which can expand the drug discovery strategy, including by Bcr CC‐derived peptides, and candidate residues for small covalent drugs, toward quenching oligomerization, supplementing competitive and allosteric tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
The Branes Behind Generalized Symmetry Operators
Authors: Heckman Jonathan J. , Hübner Max , Torres Ethan , Zhang Hao Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe modern approach tom‐form global symmetries in ad‐dimensional quantum field theory (QFT) entails specifying dimension topological generalized symmetry operators which non‐trivially link withm‐dimensional defect operators. In QFTs engineered via string constructions on a non‐compact geometryX, these defects descend from branes wrapped on non‐compact cycles which extend from a localized source / singularity to the boundary . The generalized symmetry operators which link with these defects arise from magnetic dual branes wrapped on cycles in . This provides a systematic way to read off various properties of such topological operators, including their worldvolume topological field theories, and the resulting fusion rules. We illustrate these general features in the context of 6D superconformal field theories, where we use the F‐theory realization of these theories to read off the worldvolume theory on the generalized symmetry operators. Defects of dimension 3 which are charged under a suitable 3‐form symmetry detect a non‐invertible fusion rule for these operators. We also sketch how similar considerations hold for related systems.
Managing safety critical equipment and design performance standards in major capital projects ‐ BP mad dog 2 project
Authors: Ong Chee Seang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor an offshore facility, identifying safety critical equipment (SCE) and ensuring that they are designed, built, installed, and commissioned based on certain design performance criteria is key to ensuring a safe design. In some parts of the world, such as in the North Sea, regulatory requirements dictate a mandatory third‐party verification of the SCE and their corresponding design performance criteria. In other parts of the world, such as in the Gulf of Mexico, however, there is no such regulatory requirement; it is, therefore, up to the operator to provide assurance that the SCE is designed, built and installed per the design criteria. This paper describes a methodology for ensuring the integrity of SCE implementation and applies the learnings from the BP Mad Dog 2 Project (Argos platform). This methodology provides assurance of the integrity of the SCE during the engineering and construction phases of a project, along with some valuable lessons learned from managing the assurance of the SCE on the project via multiple contractors. This paper discusses the identification of the SCE and provides a brief summary of the development of the relevant design performance criteria for each category of SCE. The paper focuses on a two‐step process to track each design criterion via conducting engineering assurance and then providing field verification, where the design criteria are tested either at the manufacturing site, construction site or through commissioning activities. Some valuable lessons learned from the Mad Dog 2 Project are shared, along with some of the potential pitfalls in managing the assurance process of the SCE design criteria, especially in a complex project organization where multiple contractors are involved.
Few electron systems confined in Gaussian potential wells and connection to Hooke atoms
Authors: Telleria‐Allika Xabier , Mercero Jose M. , Ugalde Jesus M. , Lopez Xabier , Matxain Jon M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, we have computed and implemented one‐body integrals concerning Gaussian confinement potentials over Gaussian basis functions. Then, we have set an equivalence between Gaussian and Hooke atoms and we have observed that, according to singlet and triplet state energies, both systems are equivalent for large confinement depth for a series of even number of electrons n = 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Unlike with harmonic potentials, Gaussian confinement potentials are dissociative for small enough depth parameter; this feature is crucial in order to model phenomena such as ionization. In this case, in addition to corresponding Taylor‐series expansions, the first diagonal and sub‐diagonal Padé approximant were also obtained, useful to compute the upper and lower limits for the dissociation depth. Hence, this method introduces new advantages compared to others.
Adaptive predefined‐time observer design for generalized strict‐feedback second‐order systems under perturbations
Authors: Lv Jixing , Ju Xiaozhe , Jing Liang , Wang Changhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article studies the predefined‐time observation problem of generalized strict‐feedback second‐order systems commonly encountered in practice. A nonaffine control input, a matched perturbation, and nonlinear functions satisfying the Hölder growth condition are considered. A class of adaptive predefined‐time observers (PTOs) is designed to reconstruct unknown states and lumped perturbations based on a barrier function and specific time‐varying functions. Distinct from existing observers for strict‐feedback systems, the PTO accomplishes a complete reconstruction in a predefined time with trivial peaking observation errors. Furthermore, the upper bound of the settling time of the PTO is tightly and explicitly predefined by only one design parameter, and is irrelevant to the initial conditions. Hence, tuning procedures for the physically realizable temporal demands become less conservative and more straightforward. Moreover, the adaptive coefficients of the PTO are self‐adjusted along with the magnitude of perturbation, efficiently improving the transient performance under wide‐range perturbations. Finally, numerical simulations on a robot manipulator system demonstrate the effectiveness of the PTO.
Robust stability and robust H2 performance of discrete‐time Markovian jump linear systems with uncertain transition probabilities
Authors: Zhang Chi , Lu Jun‐Guo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, the robust stochastic stability problem and robust performance problem of discrete‐time Markovian jump linear systems with uncertain transition probabilities are investigated. Based on the Kronecker product and analysis, perturbation bounds are obtained for the robust stochastic stability of the investigated system by transforming the problem into checking whether a class of uncertain matrices is nonsingular. Furthermore, a sufficient and necessary condition for robust stochastic stability is derived. Similarly, by converting the problem to the judgment of the nonsingularity of uncertain matrices, the exact upper and lower bounds for robust performance are obtained. Then, a sufficient and necessary condition for guaranteeing robust performance is obtained. All the results are given in terms of the structured singular value. Finally, numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Longitudinal deep truck: Deep longitudinal model with application to sim2real deep reinforcement learning for heavy‐duty truck control in the field
Authors: Albeaik Saleh , Wu Trevor , Vurimi Ganeshnikhil , Chou Fang‐Chieh , Lu Xiao‐Yun , Bayen Alexandre M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo develop cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC), the choice of control approach often influences and can limit the choice of model structure, and vice versa. For heavy‐duty trucks, practical application of CACC in the field is heavily influenced by the accuracy of the used model. Deep learning and deep reinforcement learning (deep‐RL) have recently been used to demonstrate improved modeling and control performance for vehicles such as cars and quadrotors compared to state‐of‐the‐art. The literature on the application of deep learning and deep‐RL for heavy‐duty trucks in the field, which are significantly more complex than cars, is still sparse, however. In this article, we develop a two‐layer gray‐box deep learning model to capture longitudinal dynamics of heavy‐duty trucks while abstracting their complexity and present an approach to properly break the nested feedback loops in the model for training. We compare this model with three other alternative models and show that it achieves better general performance compared to a standard artificial neural network and results in and slower steady‐state acceleration and speed error growth rates, respectively. We then present an architecture to utilize these deep learning models within the deep‐RL framework and use it to develop baseline CACC controllers that can be zero‐shot transferred to the field. To carry out the work, we present a setup of differently configured trucks along with their interface architecture and stochastic driving cycle generators for data collection. Numerical validation of the approach demonstrated stationary and bounded modeling error, and demonstrated transfer of CACC controllers with consistent overshoot bounds and a stable approximately‐zero steady‐state error. Validation from field experiments demonstrated similarly consistent results. Compared to a state‐of‐the‐art benchmark, the deep‐RL controller achieved lower speed and time‐gap error variance but higher time‐gap error offset.
Frontiers in soil ecology—Insights from the World Biodiversity Forum 2022
Authors: Eisenhauer Nico , Bender S. Franz , Calderón‐Sanou Irene , de Vries Franciska T. , Lembrechts Jonas J. , Thuiller Wilfried , Wall Diana H. , Zeiss Romy , Bahram Mohammad , Beugnon Rémy , Burton Victoria J. , Crowther Thomas W. , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel , Geisen Stefan , Kardol Paul , Krashevska Valentyna , Martínez‐Muñoz Carlos A. , Patoine Guillaume , Seeber Julia , Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A. , Steinwandter Michael , Sünnemann Marie , Sun Xin , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. , Guerra Carlos A. , Potapov Anton 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal change is affecting soil biodiversity and functioning across all terrestrial ecosystems. Still, much is unknown about how soil biodiversity and function will change in the future in response to simultaneous alterations in climate and land use, as well as other environmental drivers. It is crucial to understand the direct, indirect and interactive effects of global change drivers on soil communities and ecosystems across environmental contexts, not only today but also in the near future. This is particularly relevant for international efforts to tackle climate change like the Paris Agreement, and considering the failure to achieve the 2020 biodiversity targets, especially the target of halting soil degradation. Here, we outline the main frontiers related to soil ecology that were presented and discussed at the thematic sessions of the World Biodiversity Forum 2022 in Davos, Switzerland. We highlight multiple frontiers of knowledge associated with data integration, causal inference, soil biodiversity and function scenarios, critical soil biodiversity facets, underrepresented drivers, global collaboration, knowledge application and transdisciplinarity, as well as policy and public communication. These identified research priorities are not only of immediate interest to the scientific community but may also be considered in research priority programmes and calls for funding.
The impact of penalties for environmental violations on corporate environmental responsibility
Authors: Li Ruiqian , Ramanathan Ramakrishnan , Xu Guanghua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIdentifying firms' responses to the imposition of penalties for environmental violations in the context of corporate environmental responsibility (CER) is important to understand the impact of environmental penalties (EPs) and improve their design. Using a research sample consisting of Chinese listed firms in heavy polluting sectors from 2014 to 2020, we investigate whether and how penalties for environmental violations can affect subsequent CER engagement. The empirical results show that imposing one or more EPs on a firm has positive effects on the firm's subsequent CER practises. Our results remain robust after a series of tests. We also find that the role of EPs in promoting CER is more pronounced in firms that receive more media coverage, have weak political connections, and operate in less competitive industries. Further analysis shows that the dynamic effect of EPs on CER engagement persists at least 2 years after the imposition of the penalty and that EPs can stimulate CER practises through both symbolic and substantive actions.
Training industrial end‐user programmers with interactive tutorials
Authors: Ritschel Nico , Sawant Anand Ashok , Weintrop David , Holmes Reid , Bacchelli Alberto , Garcia Ronald , K R Chandrika , Mandal Avijit , Francis Patrick , Shepherd David C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNewly released robot programming tools have made it feasible for end‐users to program industrial robots by combining block‐based languages and lead‐through programming. To use these systems effectively, end‐users, who usually have limited or no programming experience, require training. To train users, tutoring systems are often used for block‐based programming—some even for lead‐through programming—but no tutorial system combines these two types of programming. We present CoBlox Interactive Tutorials (CITs), a novel tutoring approach that teaches how to use both the hardware and
software components that comprise a typical end‐user robot programming environment. As users switch between the two programming styles, CITs provide them with extensive scaffolding, give users immediate feedback on missteps, and provide guidance on next steps. To evaluate CITs, we conducted a study with 79 industrial end‐users using a programming environment released by ABB Robotics that compares our approach to training with training videos, the most commonly used training in industry. This study, one of the largest to date on training professional end‐users, found that CIT‐trained users authored more correct programs in less time than video‐trained users. This shows that a tight integration of hardware and software concepts is crucial to training end‐users to program industrial robots.
Redistribution of internal forces from the span to the support
Authors: Berger Johannes , Haller Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of evaluations on the redistribution of internal forces from the span to the support area using nonlinear finite element calculations. The motivation is the internalization of bridges, particularly the reconstruction of single‐span beams arranged in a row to a continuous beam system. When integralizing a bridge, it can be assumed that the existing bridge is designed according to standards, which are no longer valid. If the integralized bridge is loaded and designed according to the new standard, the problem may be that the existing structure has insufficient reinforcement. For single‐span bridges, the flexural reinforcement in the span may be considered critical. The degree of reinforcement in the support area can then be adjusted individually, which offers the possibility of transferring internal forces from the span to the support area if they cannot be fully absorbed by the existing reinforcement.
Validating matches of electronically reported fishing trips to investigate matching error
Authors: Williams Benjamin , Zalsha Shalima , Stokes S. Lynne , McShane Ryan P. A. , Foster John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
Recently, researchers have developed methods for combining probability samples and non-probability samples. In recreational fisheries management, data from probability samples are typically counts of catch from a random sample of trips intercepted by a sampler, while non-probability samples consist of catch data that are collected in self-reports made to a fishery management agency. These reports are typically transmitted electronically and are known as an electronic logbook (ELB). Even when such reporting is mandated, compliance is not universal. Since the inclusion probability for any particular angler is unknown, the ELB sample is a non-probability sample. We used data from a 2017 Gulf of Mexico (GoM) pilot study in which charter captains volunteered to electronically report their catch. At the dock, they could also be intercepted by a sampler, at which time their catch was observed. Estimates of total catch can be generated if trips from the two data sets can be accurately matched. Several states in the GoM implement similar ELB reporting augmented with a probability sample. However, there is an apparent discrepancy between National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimates of the total and the ELB estimates for the same geographies. We seek to investigate the extent to which matching errors contribute to the discrepancies.

Methods
We employed probabilistic record linkage to match reports with intercepts and developed a validation tool to examine the matches. Using our validation tool, we examined several methods of estimating the total catch of Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus in the GoM to investigate the potential cause of the discrepancy.

Result
We found the existing differences between the NOAA estimates and estimates resulting from combining ELB reports in this application were likely not due to matching error but instead were apparently derived from other sources of non-sampling error.

Conclusion
This has implications for new and existing ELB implementations, which are gaining popularity. The tool and results we provide can allow other implementations to better match reports with intercepts and offers a way to examine the extent to which matching errors affect the bias of estimates. Our work also shows that agencies should focus on non-sampling errors besides matching error to reduce bias. Our tool may also be extended to examine such non-sampling errors, such as the assumption that reporting and interception are independent.