bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome resequencing clarifies phylogeny and reveals patterns of selection in the toxicogenomics model Pimephales promelas
Authors: Klymus Katy E. , Hrabik Robert A. , Thompson Nathan L. , Cornman Robert S. 
Published: August 2022

Background
The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) is a model species for toxicological research. A high-quality genome reference sequence is available, and genomic methods are increasingly used in toxicological studies of the species. However, phylogenetic relationships within the genus remain incompletely known and little population-genomic data are available for fathead minnow despite the potential effects of genetic background on toxicological responses. On the other hand, a wealth of extant samples is stored in museum collections that in principle allow fine-scale analysis of contemporary and historical genetic variation.

Methods
Here we use short-read shotgun resequencing to investigate sequence variation among and within Pimephales species. At the genus level, our objectives were to resolve phylogenetic relationships and identify genes with signatures of positive diversifying selection. At the species level, our objective was to evaluate the utility of archived-sample resequencing for detecting selective sweeps within fathead minnow, applied to a population introduced to the San Juan River of the southwestern United States sometime prior to 1950.

Results
We recovered well-supported but discordant phylogenetic topologies for nuclear and mitochondrial sequences that we hypothesize arose from mitochondrial transfer among species. The nuclear tree supported bluntnose minnow (P. notatus) as sister to fathead minnow, with the slim minnow (P. tenellus) and bullhead minnow (P. vigilax) more closely related to each other. Using multiple methods, we identified 11 genes that have diversified under positive selection within the genus. Within the San Juan River population, we identified selective-sweep regions overlapping several sets of related genes, including both genes that encode the giant sarcomere protein titin and the two genes encoding the MTORC1 complex, a key metabolic regulator. We also observed elevated polymorphism and reduced differentation among populations (FST) in genomic regions containing certain immune-gene clusters, similar to what has been reported in other taxa. Collectively, our data clarify evolutionary relationships and selective pressures within the genus and establish museum archives as a fruitful resource for characterizing genomic variation. We anticipate that large-scale resequencing will enable the detection of genetic variants associated with environmental toxicants such as heavy metals, high salinity, estrogens, and agrichemicals, which could be exploited as efficient biomarkers of exposure in natural populations.
Identifying and Understanding Factors Influencing the Knowledge Level of Farmers in Watershed Development Programme Using Principal Components Analysis
Authors: Dash Samir Ranjan , Mukhopadhyay Sidhartha Dev , Mishra Prasanna Jit , Swain Susanta Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Watershed Development Programmme is based on bottom-up planning and a participatory approach. It will be easier to implement the programme successfully and get the desired results if we have a good comprehension of the guidelines. On many different developmental programmes implementation its components including institutional arrangement, community organisation, objectives, programme creation and implementation, funding pattern, monitoring and evaluation, significant gaps were observed. These socio -economic factors provide essential information to support efforts and policies aimed at improving adoption by recognizing heterogeneities in the targeted populations. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique for reducing the dimensionality of datasets, increasing interpretability but at the same time minimizing information loss. The present study was conducted with a sample size of 192 progressive farmers and watershed user groups in Nuapada and Kalahandi district of Odisha state, aiming to identify the major socio economic factors governing farmers’ knowledge and adoption level of different watershed activities. Three different principal components (PCs) could finally be extracted out of twelve relatively important variables governing knowledge and participation level of farmers in different watershed activities. These three factors were resource richness, which was associated with higher farm revenue, cosmopoliteness, which was associated with extended contact and motivation, and family type, which was associated with manpower and farming as a primary employment. Firstly, data reduction was conducted through principal component analysis to identify three important components accounting for 58.66% of the total variability in the data. It is evident from the results that socioeconomic factors such as Land holding, Annual Income, Type of house, Cosmo politeness and extension contact, Education, more use communication materials, Social participation and age of the farmer, can be associated with higher knowledge and adoption of watershed activities and practices. From the findings of the study, it was concluded that three principal components like ‘resource richness’, ‘education and extension contact’ and ‘farm family occupation” were found to have exerted significantly high influence and contributed 23.44%, 20.12% and 15.1% variance respectively in determining the extent of farmers’ knowledge level about watershed activities . These factors can be used as essential input to predict models or as benchmarks for developing scales or indices for measuring farmers’ progressiveness and knowledge and adoption of watershed activities.
Relapse Rates and Disease-Specific Mortality Following Procedures for Fertility Preservation at Time of Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Marklund Anna , Lekberg Tobias , Hedayati Elham , Liljegren Annelie , Bergh Jonas , Lundberg Frida E. , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. 
Published: August 2022

ImportanceBreast cancer (BC) is the most common indication for fertility preservation (FP) in women of reproductive age. Procedures for FP often include hormonal stimulation, but current data are scarce regarding whether using hormonal stimulation for FP is associated with any deterioration in BC prognosis.ObjectiveTo investigate the risk of disease-specific mortality and relapse in women who underwent FP with or without hormonal stimulation compared with women who did not at time of BC diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis Swedish nationwide prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the safety of hormonal and nonhormonal FP procedures indicated by BC in Sweden from January 1, 1994, through June 30, 2017. Women were identified from any of the regional FP programs located at Swedish university hospitals. A total of 425 women were found to have undergone FP, and 850 population comparators who had not undergone FP were sampled from regional BC registers and matched on age, calendar period of diagnosis, and region. Relapse-free survival was assessed in a subcohort of 241 women who underwent FP and 482 women who had not, with complete data. Nationwide demographic and health care registers provided data on outcome, disease- and treatment-related variables, and socioeconomic characteristics. Data analyses were performed between November 2021 and March 2022 and completed in June 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRelapse and disease-specific mortality after a diagnosis of BC.ResultsThe final study population included 1275 women (mean [SD] age, 32.9 [3.8] years) at the time of BC diagnosis. After stratification by the matching variables age, calendar period, and region, and adjustment for country of birth, education, parity at diagnosis, tumor size, number of lymph node metastases, and estrogen receptor status, disease-specific mortality was similar in women who underwent hormonal FP (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.59; 95% CI, 0.32-1.09), women who underwent nonhormonal FP (aHR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.20-1.29), and women who were not exposed to FP (reference). In a subcohort with detailed data on relapse, adjusted rate of disease-specific mortality and relapse were also similar among the groups who underwent hormonal FP (aHR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.49-1.37), underwent nonhormonal FP (aHR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.35-1.62), and were not exposed to FP (reference).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, FP with or without hormonal stimulation was not associated with any increased risk of relapse or disease-specific mortality in women with BC. Results of this study provide much needed additional evidence on the safety of FP procedures in women with BC and may influence current health care practice to the benefit of young women with BC who wish to preserve their fertility.
Mechanism for One‐Pot Synthesis of 0D‐2D Carbon Materials in the Bubbles Inside Molten Salts
Authors: Zhao Yifeng , Shi Zhiyuan , Zhu Yulin , Liu Jian , Yang Bo , Yu Qingkai , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe molten salts can be used as media for hydrocarbon pyrolysis owing to their excellent thermal properties, fluidity, and ease of products separation. The bubbling of hydrocarbon gases through the molten salts is an effective approach for exploiting the comprehensive advantages of the molten salts. However, the catalytic capability of the molten salts to crack CH bonds is lower than that of molten metals/alloys. Although the addition of transition metal salts into molten salts improves the catalytic performance, the catalytic mechanism is far from well understood. Herein, bubbling chemical vapor deposition (B‐CVD) for one‐pot synthesis of 0D (carbon black, CB)/2D (graphene, Gr) carbon materials in molten salt at 850 °C is developed. Spectroscopic results suggest that the ionic complexes of the transition metal (Cr, Fe, Ru, Ni, Pd, Cu) chloride are the active species to realize the efficient pyrolysis of methane (CH4). The confined space introduced by the bubble acts as a mini‐reactor to define the product morphology and accelerate the growth. Beneficial to the synergistic effect between ionic complex promotion and bubble confined space, the mass production of CB/Gr simultaneously with high efficiency and low cost at relatively low temperature is achieved.
Moisture Resistant and Stable Wireless Wind Speed Sensing System Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Charge‐Excitation Strategy
Authors: Yu Xinke , Fu Shaoke , Zuo Xiuli , Zeng Jie , Shan Chuncai , He Wencong , Li Wenpo , Hu Chenguo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWind energy harvesting from the ambient environment by triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is highly important for powering wireless sensing systems. However, the output of TENG is greatly affected by ambient humidity, which seriously limits the measurement accuracy and stability of sensors. Herein, a flutter‐driven TENG composed of an Al foil interlayer sealed by FEP membranes (FEP/Al/FEP) is proposed to isolate Al foil from the external environment. A self‐charge excitation circuit is used to inject charges into the Al foil interlayer to achieve high charge density on it, greatly reducing the dependence on triboelectrification. In addition, an elastic steel sheet connected to a fluttering membrane at the fixed end is designed to get high stability of vibration. Consequently, the interference of humidity and other external environmental factors of this new type of elastic‐assisted TENG (EA‐TENG) with self‐charge excitation is greatly reduced and the output performance is greatly enhanced compared with traditional flutter‐driven TENGs. To demonstrate a practical application, a wind speed monitoring and alarming system are designed, which realizes real‐time wind speed detection and wind speed threshold alarm. The moisture‐resistant and stable wireless wind speed sensing system in this study has great applications in building large‐scale sensor networks.
A Latent‐Fire‐Detecting Olfactory System Enabled by Ultra‐Fast and Sub‐ppm Ammonia‐Responsive Ti3C2Tx MXene/MoS2 Sensors
Authors: You Cheng‐Wei , Fu Teng , Li Chun‐Bo , Song Xin , Tang Bo , Song Xuan , Yang Yang , Deng Ze‐Peng , Wang Yu‐Zhong , Song Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExplosive developments in modern society bring huge fire loads. Previous fire detections at early stages are basically enabled by recognizing abnormal high‐temperatures, smoke particles, and flame light signals. However, the identification of these characteristic signals is generally accompanied by an open flame or smoke, which makes it difficult to prevent further serious damage. Herein, a latent‐fire‐detecting strategy of trace ammonia (NH3) analysis based on nanohybrid Ti3C2Tx MXene/MoS2 is proposed. Benefiting from nanoscale high‐density Schottky heterojunctions between MoS2 and Ti3C2Tx MXene, ultrafast (3 s @100 ppm), sub‐ppm (200 ppb minimum), and high‐sensitivity (81.7% @100 ppm and 10.2% @200 ppb) detection of NH3 are enabled. An assembled latent‐fire‐detecting olfactory system (LFOS) based on MXene/MoS2 and interdigital electrodes can monitor trace NH3 releases from different materials (wool, leather, foam, and nylon) during thermal decomposition at latent stages. Notably, the LFOS can detect fire threats at least 84 s earlier than commercialized smoke detectors, providing more fire dealing time and an escape period; this offers a promising latent‐fire‐warning approach for eliminating fire treats at an early stage.
A Machine‐Learning‐Enhanced Simultaneous and Multimodal Sensor Based on Moist‐Electric Powered Graphene Oxide
Authors: Yang Ce , Wang Haiyan , Yang Jiawei , Yao Houze , He Tiancheng , Bai Jiaxin , Guang Tianlei , Cheng Huhu , Yan Jianfeng , Qu Liangti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSimultaneous multimodal monitoring can greatly perceive intricately multiple stimuli, which is important for the understanding and development of a future human–machine fusion world. However, the integrated multisensor networks with cumbersome structure, huge power consumption, and complex preparation process have heavily restricted practical applications. Herein, a graphene oxide single‐component multimodal sensor (GO‐MS) is developed, which enables simultaneous monitoring of multiple environmental stimuli by a single unit with unique moist‐electric self‐power supply. This GO‐MS can generate a sustainable moist‐electric potential by spontaneously adsorbing water molecules in air, which has a characteristic response behavior when exposed to different stimuli. As a result, the simultaneous monitoring and decoupling of the changes of temperature, humidity, pressure, and light intensity are achieved by this single GO‐MS with machine‐learning (ML) assistance. Of practical importance, a moist‐electric‐powered human–machine interaction wristband based on GO‐MS is constructed to monitor pulse signals, body temperature, and sweating in a multidimensional manner, as well as gestures and sign language commanding communication. This ML‐empowered moist‐electric GO‐MS provides a new platform for the development of self‐powered single‐component multimodal sensors, showing great potential for applications in the fields of health detection, artificial electronic skin, and the Internet‐of‐Things.
Metal‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Tri‐ and Difluoromethylated Bis(carbazolyl)methanes
Authors: Ma Feng , Wu Xian‐Tao , Miao Le‐Wei , Sun Fuxing , Jiang Yi‐Jun , Chen Peng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA general, efficient and regioselective protocol has been developed for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated bis(carbazolyl)methanes. This metal‐free transformation proceeds smoothly under air atmosphere and features broad scope for both reaction partners. This method could also be extended to the synthesis of difluoromethylated and chlorodifluoromethylated bis(carbazolyl)methanes.magnified image
Oxy‐Borylenes as Photoreductants: Synthesis and Application in Dehalogenation and Detosylation Reactions
Authors: Lenz Philipp , Oshimizu Ryo , Klabunde Sina , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Tendyck Jonas C. , Mori Tatsuya , Uhl Werner , Hansen Michael Ryan , Eckert Hellmut , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Studer Armido 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile the range of accessible borylenes has significantly broadened over the last decade, applications remain limited. Herein, we present tricoordinate oxy‐borylenes as potent photoreductants that can be readily activated by visible light. Facile oxidation of CAAC stabilized oxy‐borylenes (CAAC)(IPr2Me2)BOR (R=TMS, CH2CH2C6H5, CH2CH2(4‐F)C6H4) to their corresponding radical cations is achieved with mildly oxidizing ferrocenium ion. Cyclovoltammetric studies reveal ground‐state redox potentials of up to −1.90 V vs. Fc+/0 for such oxy‐borylenes placing them among the strongest organic super electron donors. Their ability as photoreductants is further supported by theoretical studies and showcased by the application as stoichiometric reagents for the photochemical hydrodehalogenation of aryl chlorides, aryl bromides and unactivated alkyl bromides as well as the detosylation of anilines.
Gold‐Doping Effect on Two‐Photon Absorption and Luminescence of Atomically Precise Silver Ligated Nanoclusters
Authors: Pniakowska Anna , Kumaranchira Ramankutty Krishnadas , Obstarczyk Patryk , Perić Bakulić Martina , Sanader Maršić Željka , Bonačić‐Koutecký Vlasta , Bürgi Thomas , Olesiak‐Bańska Joanna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNoble metal nanoclusters allow for the atomically‐precise control of their composition. However, to create nanoclusters with pre‐defined optical properties, comprehensive description of their structure‐property relation is required. Here, we report the gold atom doping impact on one‐photon and two‐photon absorption (TPA) and luminescence properties of ligated silver nanoclusters via combined experimental studies and time‐dependent density functional theory simulations (TD‐DFT). We synthesized a series of Ag25−xAux(DMBT)18 nanoclusters where x=0, 1 and 5–10. For Ag24Au1(DMBT)18 we demonstrate that the presence of the central Au dopant strongly influences linear and non‐linear optical properties, increasing photoluminescence quantum yield and two‐photon brightness, with respect to undoped silver nanoclusters. With improved TPA and luminescence, atomically‐precise AuAg alloys presented in our work can serve as robust luminescent probes e.g. for bioimaging in the second biological window.
In Situ Imaging of Ion Motion in a Single Nanoparticle: Structural Transformations in Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Bin Bin , Liu Meng Li , Zou Hong Yan , Liu Yang , Li Yuan Fang , Swihart Mark T , Huang Cheng Zhi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntraparticle ion motions are critical to the structure and properties of nanomaterials, but rarely disclosed. Herein, in situ visualization of ion motions in a single nanoparticle is presented by dark‐field microscopy imaging, which shows HgCl2‐induced structural transformation of amorphous selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with the main composition of Se8. Owing to the high binding affinity with selenium and coulomb interactions, Hg2+ ions can permeate into the interior of SeNPs, making the amorphous Se8 turn to polycrystalline Hg3Se2Cl2. As a proof of concept, SeNPs then serve as a highly effective scavenger for selective removal of Hg2+ ions from solution. This new finding offers visual proof for the photophysical process involving intraparticle ion motion, demonstrating that tracking the ion motions is a novel strategy to comprehend the formation mechanism with the purpose of developing new nanostructures like nanoalloys and nano metal compounds.
Health Disparities Experienced by Surgical Patients of Color: What is Known and Key Actions to Take
Authors: Spruce Lisa 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUNDIn July of 2020, AORN created a comprehensive Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion plan that includes a patient‐focused committee whose goal is to improve the care, experience, and outcomes of each patient by providing relevant information, education, and resources about diversity, equity, and inclusion to the perioperative team. To gain insight into racial disparities in the surgical setting, the committee conducted a literature search and identified relevant evidence.As in health care in general, disparities in surgical care and outcomes exist between patients of color and their white counterparts. The reasons are multifactorial and interconnected, with contributing factors related to the patient, health care providers, the health care system, and surgical and postoperative care. Disparities can occur at any point along the perioperative continuum. Research conducted during the past 10 years supports the existence of disparities in the surgical setting and across surgical specialties, but few researchers have recommended strategies that perioperative teams can implement for improvement. The white paper identifies disparities in the surgical setting, actions that facilities and perioperative teams can take to mitigate disparities, and information gaps that should be the focus of future research. Perioperative team members and health care organizations are ethically responsible to lead the development and implementation of changes in health care settings and in public and health policies that address disparities in surgical care and outcomes.
Hydrophobic and lipophilic cellulose nanocrystal aerogel prepared by methyltrichlorosilane via vapor‐phase reaction
Authors: Wang Xingjuan , Xie Zhongyuan , Chen Zhangyun , Jiang Hua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHydrophobic and lipophilic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) aerogel was prepared by vapor‐phase reaction using methyltrichlorosilane (MTS). The water contact angle of the MTS‐CNC aerogel was up to 148.5°. The residual Cl element in MTS was negatable in the modified CNC aerogel. The MTS‐CNC aerogel only adsorbed the paraffin, but no water was adsorbed. The pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model could well describe the adsorption of the liquid paraffin oil on the CNC aerogel and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 60 g g−1 at 40°C. Multiple steps controlled the whole adsorption of oil on the MTS‐CNC aerogel, but 90% of the maximum adsorption capacity of paraffin was taken up in the first 1 min. The vacuum desorption could effectively remove the adsorbed oil at 80°C, and the good performance of the MTS‐CNC aerogel in adsorption and desorption was retained during 5 cycles. Therefore, the MTS‐CNC aerogel could be a potential candidate for removing oil from the oil‐spilled water system.
Non‐Thermal Plasma Assisted Fabrication of Ultrathin NiCoOx Nanosheets for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Gicha Birhanu Bayissa , Tufa Lemma Teshome , Goddati Mahendra , Adhikari Samir , Gwak Juyoung , Lee Jaebeom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTransition metal based layered double hydroxides (TMLDHs) are potential candidates for supercapacitors; however, their structural staking often limits their energy density, one of the major pending obstacles in the sector. Simple, fast, and safe modification strategies such as exfoliation of jammed layers into single sheets can be a viable option to overcome those challenges. This work reports fabrication of an ultrathin nanosheets from bulk TMLDHs using superficial non‐thermal Ar‐plasma exfoliation strategy. Electrochemical characterizations have confirmed that capacitive performance of pristine NiCoOx nanosheets has improved because of Ar‐plasma induced exfoliation. A remarkable of 5.7 F cm−2 areal capacitance was achieved at a current density of 5 mA cm−2 for ultrathin Ar‐NiCoOx nanosheets. The material also exhibited excellent cyclic stability with over 88 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The electrode material assembled into symmetric supercapacitor device delivering an energy density of 85.9 μWh cm−2 at a power density of 500 μW cm−2 .The higher supercapacitive performance is attributed to increased electrochemical surface area and improved capability of electron and ion transport induced by Ar‐plasma exfoliation, demonstrating an opportunity for further use of TMLDHs in the energy conversion and storage sector.