bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
dTMP imbalance through thymidylate 5′-phosphohydrolase activity induces apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancers
Authors: Kim Dae-Ho , Kim Jin-Sook , Mok Chang-Soo , Chang En-Hyung , Choi Jiwon , Lim Junsub , Kim Chul-Ho , Park Ah-Reum , Bae Yu-Jeong , Koo Bong-Seong , Lee Hyeon-Cheol 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy has a number of advantages over traditional anti-tumor therapy but can cause severe adverse reactions due to an overactive immune system. In contrast, a novel metabolic treatment approach can induce metabolic vulnerability through multiple cancer cell targets. Here, we show a therapeutic effect by inducing nucleotide imbalance and apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), by treating with cytosolic thymidylate 5'-phosphohydrolase (CT). We show that a sustained consumption of dTMP by CT could induce dNTP imbalance, leading to apoptosis as tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were depleted to mitigate this imbalance. These cytotoxic effects appeared to be different, depending on substrate specificity of the 5′ nucleotide or metabolic dependency of the cancer cell lines. Using representative TNBC cell lines, we reveal how the TNBC cells were affected by CT-transfection through extracellular acidification rate (ECAR)/oxygen consumption rate (OCR) analysis and differential transcription/expression levels. We suggest a novel approach for treating refractory TNBC by an mRNA drug that can exploit metabolic dependencies to exacerbate cell metabolic vulnerability.
Lodging resistance of rice plants studied from the perspective of culm mechanical properties, carbon framework, free volume, and chemical composition
Authors: Liu Qing , Yin Chongshan , Li Xi , He Chunqing , Ding Zhi , Du Xuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, four varieties of rice were cultivated on the same farmland under same conditions and for same duration. However, their lodging resistance was found to be obviously different from each other. Herein, three key factors that highly influenced the lodging resistance were identified. First, in terms of morphological trait, in contrast to the generally believed theory that the overall thickness of the fresh culm wall governs the strength, the thickness of the depressed region of the dried basal culm wall largely determined the mechanical properties by acting as the weak link. This depressed region represents the vulnerable part with high syneresis rate. Second, the culm and its carbon framework exhibited sufficient strength and rigidity for both support and stability of the rice stem. The constraint of high lodging resistance of rice plants is attributed to the culm flexibility. Furthermore, the results of the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy corroborate that the most amorphous part and the highest-fraction free volume in the culm carbon framework were found for samples that exhibited high lodging resistance. This result confirmed the significant influence of the culm flexibility on lodging resistance. Third, a higher level of nitrogen element content in the basal culm can benefit its growth and development, which may contribute to an increase in lodging resistance of rice plants.
Dark wing pigmentation as a mechanism for improved flight efficiency in the Larinae
Authors: Goumas Madeleine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are many hypotheses explaining the diversity of colours and patterns found in nature, but they are often difficult to examine empirically. Recent studies show the dark upperside of gliding birds’ wings could reduce drag by decreasing the density of surrounding air. It may therefore be expected that species with darker wings have less efficient morphology than their paler counterparts. I conducted an analysis of the Larinae (gulls), which exhibit extreme variation in wing (mantle and wingtip) melanization, to test whether wing loading is a predictor of wing darkness. I found that, for each standard deviation increase in wing loading, mantle darkness is predicted to increase by 1.2 shades on the Kodak grey scale. Wing loading is also positively related to the proportion of black on wingtips. Furthermore, heavier species have lower aspect ratio wings, suggesting that dark wings have evolved to improve the trade-off between maneuverability and long distance flight.
Sequential fear generalization and network connectivity in trauma exposed humans with and without psychopathology
Authors: Zhu Xi , Suarez-Jimenez Benjamin , Lazarov Amit , Such Sara , Marohasy Caroline , Small Scott S. , Wager Tor D. , Lindquist Martin A. , Lissek Shmuel , Neria Yuval 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile impaired fear generalization is known to underlie a wide range of psychopathology, the extent to which exposure to trauma by itself results in deficient fear generalization and its neural abnormalities is yet to be studied. Similarly, the neural function of intact fear generalization in people who endured trauma and did not develop significant psychopathology is yet to be characterized. Here, we utilize a generalization fMRI task, and a network connectivity approach to clarify putative behavioral and neural markers of trauma and resilience. The generalization task enables longitudinal assessments of threat discrimination learning. Trauma-exposed participants (TE; N = 62), compared to healthy controls (HC; N = 26), show lower activity reduction in salience network (SN) and right executive control network (RECN) across the two sequential generalization stages, and worse discrimination learning in SN measured by linear deviation scores (LDS). Comparison of resilient, trauma-exposed healthy control participants (TEHC; N = 31), trauma exposed individuals presenting with psychopathology (TEPG; N = 31), and HC, reveals a resilience signature of network connectivity differences in the RECN during generalization learning measured by LDS. These findings may indicate a trauma exposure phenotype that has the potential to advance the development of innovative treatments by targeting and engaging specific neural dysfunction among trauma-exposed individuals, across different psychopathologies.
Strong double space-time wave packets using optical parametric amplification
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe space-time (ST) wave packet, a type of light source with many anomalous behaviors, has already found application in weak-field optics, however its generation method limits its energy and therefore its application in strong-field optics. Here we show that the type-I collinear optical parametric amplification (OPA) is a natural amplifier for a ST wave packet, because in it, the ST spectrum (i.e., angle-dependent phase-matching spectrum) of the signal and idler has the same analytical expression as that of a ST wave packet under the narrowband approximation. The high gain in a thin-crystal OPA allows for large energy amplification while ensuring unchanged ST correlation. Meanwhile, a double ST wave packet containing two collinear-propagating ones of the amplified signal and the generated idler via the nondegenerate OPA is reported, which with short- and long-wavelengths (relative to the degenerate-wavelength) have superluminal and subluminal velocities, respectively. This study realizes energy amplification, wavelength conversion, and velocity switching of a ST wave packet and will expand its application in many fields.
Thermostability and in vivo performance of AAV9 in a film matrix
Authors: Doan Trang Nguyen Kieu , Le Matthew D. , Bajrovic Irnela , Celentano Lorne , Krause Charles , Balyan Haley Grooms , Svancarek Abbie , Mote Angela , Tretiakova Anna , Jude Samulski R. , Croyle Maria A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are stored and shipped frozen which poses logistic and economic barriers for global access to these therapeutics. To address this issue, we developed a method to stabilize AAV serotype 9 (AAV9) in a film matrix that can be stored at ambient temperature and administered by systemic injection.

Methods
AAV9 expressing the luciferase transgene was mixed with formulations, poured into molds and films dried under aseptic conditions. Films were packaged in individual particle-free bags with foil overlays and stored at various temperatures under controlled humidity. Recovery of AAV9 from films was determined by serial dilution of rehydrated film in media and infection of HeLa RC32 cells. Luciferase expression was compared to that of films rehydrated immediately after drying. Biodistribution of vector was determined by in vivo imaging and quantitative real-time PCR. Residual moisture in films was determined by Karl Fischer titration.

Results
AAV9 embedded within a film matrix and stored at 4 °C for 5 months retained 100% of initial titer. High and low viscosity formulations maintained 90 and 85% of initial titer after 6 months at 25 °C respectively. AAV was not detected after 4 months in a Standard Control Formulation under the same conditions. Biodistribution and transgene expression of AAV stored in film at 25 or 4 °C were as robust as vector stored at −80 °C in a Standard Control Formulation.

Conclusions
These results suggest that storage of AAV in a film matrix facilitates easy transport of vector to remote sites without compromising in vivo performance.
A novel preview control for MLD models and its neural network approximation for real‐time implementation: Application to semi‐active vibration control of a vehicle suspension
Authors: Sato Kaoru , Hiramoto Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdvances in image processing technology have made it possible to measure the surface shape of the road ahead while driving. A new semi‐active suspension control method considering the forward road surface shape is proposed. A vehicle model equipped with a semi‐active suspension can be expressed as an mixed logical dynamical model. When the shape of the road ahead can be measured, the information on future disturbances is available before the vehicle undergoes. In this paper, the finite time optimization problem for the mixed logical dynamical model is formulated to consider the future disturbances as a mixed integer quadratic programming problem in the same way as the conventional control problem without future disturbance. However, the mixed integer quadratic programming problem is hard to obtain the control action within the control cycle period required in the real‐time vibration control with general computers for vehicles. In this paper, the reduction of the computational load is achieved by constructing an approximation function of the designed controller. A neural network is adopted for the approximation. The performance evaluation of the proposed method is evaluated by simulations. In the simulation study, the proposed method achieves better ride comfort with the equivalent suspension stroke compared to the traditional methods.
A novel brushless de‐excitation system for synchronous generators using a buck chopper with a freewheeling discharge resistor
Authors: Ngaleu Gildas Martial , Yeremou Aurélien Tamtsia , Kom Charles Hubert , Eke Samuel , Nanfak Arnaud 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new de‐excitation system for advanced brushless excitation based on a synchronous generator is presented. The proposed system uses a discharge resistor in series with a freewheeling diode of a buck chopper. It improves the reliability of the entire power plant and can be used on several excitation systems. It can be used in case of programmed shutdown of the generator and also shows good results in voltage regulation without destroying the efficiency of the excitation system under nominal operation. An analysis of the system has allowed us to suggest a methodology to obtain the appropriate value of the discharge resistance to be used. The validation of the proposed system has been done through simulations in the Matlab/Simulink environment, supported by experimental tests.
A novel computer vision‐based approach for monitoring safety harness use in construction
Authors: Xu Zhijing , Huang Jiajing , Huang Kan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFalling from a height is the most common accident on construction sites. Vision‐based techniques can be used to automatically monitor the construction sites and give early warnings. In this study, a lightweight object detection method, Efficient‐YOLOv5, was proposed for detecting whether workers are wearing safety harnesses when working at height. Furthermore, a matching‐recheck strategy was proposed to improve the mean average precision (mAP). The safety status evaluation model was designed to evaluate the safety status of workers in different construction scenarios. An edge computing‐based security monitoring and alarm system suitable for deployment on construction sites was proposed to assist manual management. Efficient‐YOLOv5 was trained and evaluated on our newly created dataset. Experiments demonstrated that our proposed method outperformed other comparison methods, as the precision and recall rates were 97.7% and 89.3%, respectively. The mAP was 94%. The rate of frames per second (FPS) was 72, which met real‐time application requirements. Thus, the proposed method could easily be applied in the construction industry.
The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on protein-polyphenol interactions in dairy systems
Authors: Gao Ming 
Published: November 2022

The application of polyphenols in dairy products is becoming more widespread due to the rich	protein content of dairy products reacting with polyphenols. Many studies have pointed to the positive effects of polyphenol-protein binding on dairy products. This article illustrated the mechanisms of how polyphenols react with proteins. The effects of the combination of the polyphenols and protein were described in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, as well as the effects on food properties. Moreover, specific examples of the use of polyphenols in dairy products will also be proposed. Importantly, based on the reported findings, future processes that exploit and develop this interaction can be considered to enable the targeting of polyphenols and proteins in dairy products to secure a range of industrial benefits.
Prevalence of benign focal liver lesions and non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignant lesions in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Möller Kathleen , Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Christian , Dong Yi , Cui Xin-Wu , Faiss Siegbert , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, other benign and malignant liver lesions may co-exist or may be the only focal liver lesion (FLL) detected. Compared to HCC, comparatively little is known about the frequency and natural history of benign FLL in patients with established liver cirrhosis.This review analyses the prevalence and frequency of benign and malignant FLL others than hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in liver cirrhosis including imaging and autopsy studies. Understanding these data should be helpful in avoiding misdiagnoses.
Osteopathische Behandlung von Schulterschmerzen
Authors: Maassen Andreas 
Published: November 2022

SummarySchulterschmerzen und Beschwerden wie dem Impingement-Syndrom können verschiedene Ursachen zugrunde liegen. Der Ansatz der Osteopathie betrachtet die Beschwerden systemisch. Er wirft den Blick darauf, welche Funktionsstörungen in welchen Systemen und Regionen zur Entstehung der Schulterbeschwerden führen. Auch Lebensstilfaktoren, die niedriggradige Entzündungen fördern, spielen eine mögliche Rolle in der Pathogenese von Schulterbeschwerden.
Patientenkompetenz zur Krankheitsbewältigung – Eine
qualitative Analyse bei Frauen mit Brustkrebs und gynäkologischen
Tumoren
Authors: Meng Karin , Fahmer Natascha , Engehausen Dirk , Hass Holger G. , Reuss-Borst Monika , Duelli Kristin , Wöckel Achim , Heuschmann Peter U. , Faller Hermann 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Studie exploriert Herausforderungen, persönliche
Kompetenzen und hilfreiche Unterstützung bei der
Krankheitsbewältigung von Patienteninnen mit Brustkrebs und
gynäkologischen Tumoren und wie die Patientenkompetenz als Zusammenspiel
dieser Faktoren gefördert werden kann.
Methodik Teilstrukturierte Leitfadeninterviews wurden mit 19 Patientinnen
im Akutsetting, 20 Rehabilitandinnen und 16 Teilnehmerinnen einer
Selbsthilfegruppe geführt und mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse
ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die thematisierten Herausforderungen sind in die
Hauptkategorien – Diagnoseverarbeitung,
Behandlungs-/Rezidivängste, Krankheitsverarbeitung und
Adaptation, Sorgen um Angehörige, Reaktionen des sozialen Umfeldes,
Sorgen um den Arbeitsplatz – zusammengefasst. Die benannten
persönlichen Kompetenzen im Umgang mit diesen Herausforderungen sind den
folgenden Hauptkategorien zugeordnet: kognitionsbezogenes Coping,
handlungsbezogenes Coping, Selbstregulation Krankheitsverarbeitung,
Unterstützung einholen und annehmen, selbstbestimmte Kommunikation der
Erkrankung, hilfreiche Strategien identifizieren und anwenden,
krankheitsbezogene Erfahrung, günstige Lebensumstände, Offenheit
für Hilfsangebote. Hilfreiche emotionale, informationelle oder
instrumentelle Unterstützung wird durch Angehörige, Freunde,
Tiere, Arbeitskollegen/Arbeitgeber, Behandler, Rehabilitation,
Mitpatientinnen/Betroffene, Selbsthilfe und Beratungseinrichtungen
wahrgenommen.
Diskussion Die Frauen beschreiben eine Vielzahl an persönlichen
Kompetenzen, die einem bedürfnisorientierten, selbstgesteuerten
Bewältigungsprozess entsprechen. Die Individualität und
Komplexität des Zusammenspiels der Komponenten der Patientenkompetenz
unterstreicht die Relevanz von patientenorientierter Versorgung. Empowerment und
eine aktive Patientenrolle sind erforderlich, um bedürfnisbezogen
Bewältigungsfertigkeiten zu fördern. Unterstützung durch
Behandler oder das private Umfeld kann dabei Herausforderungen vermindern oder
Kompetenzen und deren Anwendung fördern.
Komplementärmedizin in der Therapie von Schulterschmerzen – eine Übersicht über relevante Studien und Metaanalysen
Authors: Bäumler Petra 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDer größte Anteil der Schulterschmerzen ist funktioneller Natur. Bei ihrer Behandlung steht die konservative Therapie im Vordergrund. Dabei kann die Komplementärmedizin einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten, und viele Schätze der Komplementärmedizin scheinen noch gar nicht gehoben.
Total Synthesis of the Caged Diterpenoid Atropurpuran
Authors: Xu Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this account, we wish to share some stories behind our 13-step synthesis of the caged complex diterpenoid atropurpuran. Although our approach might appear to have proceeded smoothly, the unraveling of the core-construction puzzle and late-stage decorations was full of drama.1	Introduction2	Total Synthesis of Atropurpuran3	Conclusion
Menopause: Questions and Answers for Improving Homeopathic Clinical Practice
Authors: Macías-Cortés Emma 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Medical attention for menopausal women is frequently delivered by health care providers (general practitioners, gynecologists or homeopathic physicians) who are not specialized in post-reproductive care. Homeopathy has been used for treating menopausal complaints for more than two centuries. Therefore, it is important to improve clinical knowledge in this field among homeopathic physicians. Nowadays, there is a special interest in the study of menopause-related chronic conditions due to the impact on women's quality of life. The aim of this review is to address the important key points of the menopause, clinical assessment, and available tests for evaluating menopausal women, as well as some general topics regarding homeopathic clinical practice for menopause.
Methods and Results A literature search regarding menopause and current guidelines and recommendations was performed. To be practical and concise, the information is presented in the form of questions and answers. Currently, there is an international classification of woman's reproductive aging that can be useful for clinical and research purposes in homeopathy. A comprehensive homeopathic approach is mandatory for evaluating women with a healthy menopause, but also for those experiencing co-morbidities. In an integrative health care system, several assessment resources can be incorporated into the homeopathic consultations. Clinical and laboratory examinations for detecting metabolic disorders (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes and hypertension, among others), mood disorders, cognitive impairment and osteoporosis are available in many clinical settings. Screening for gynecological cancers is an international recommendation at this stage. All data obtained from homeopathic consultations would help to integrate well-documented case reports. This would give the possibility to generate hypotheses to design high-quality clinical research.
Conclusion Improving homeopathic clinical practice for menopause is useful for both clinical and research purposes. The international recommendations for evaluating menopausal women should be incorporated in homeopathic clinical practice, mainly in clinical settings where homeopathy is integrated in outpatient services.
Evidence-Based Approach to the Surgical Management of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Sagar Alex James , Khan Majid , Tapuria Niteen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground Acute pancreatitis is a significant challenge to health services. Remarkable progress has been made in the last decade in optimizing its management.Methods This review is a comprehensive assessment of 7 guidelines employed in current clinical practice with an appraisal of the underlying evidence, including 15 meta-analyses/systematic reviews, 16 randomized controlled trials, and 31 cohort studies.Results Key tenets of early management of acute pancreatitis include severity stratification based on the degree of organ failure and early goal-directed fluid resuscitation. Rigorous determination of etiology reduces the risk of recurrence. Early enteral nutrition and consideration of epidural analgesia have been pioneered in recent years with promising results. Indications for invasive intervention are becoming increasingly refined. The definitive indications for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute pancreatitis are associated with cholangitis and common bile duct obstruction. The role of open surgical necrosectomy has diminished with the development of a minimally invasive step-up necrosectomy protocol. Increasing use of endoscopic ultrasound–guided intervention in the management of pancreatic necrosis has helped reduce pancreatic fistula rates and hospital stay.Conclusion The optimal approach to surgical management of complicated pancreatitis depends on patient physiology and disease anatomy, in addition to the available resources and expertise. This is best achieved with a multidisciplinary approach. This review provides a distillation of the recommendations of clinical guidelines and critical discussion of the evidence that informs them and presents an algorithmic approach to key areas of patient management.