bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to hypernatremia
Authors: Ilardi Alfonso 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hypernatremia occurs when the plasma sodium concentration is greater than 145 mmol/L. Depending on the duration, hypernatremia can be differentiated into acute and chronic. According to severity: mild, moderate and threatening hypernatremia. Finally, depending on pathogenesis, hypernatremia can be defined as hypervolemic, hypovolemic, and euvolemic. Acute hypervolemic hypernatremia is often secondary to increased sodium intake (hypertonic NaCl and NaHCO3 solutions). Instead, chronic hypervolemic hypernatremia may be an expression of primary hyperaldosteronism. Euvolemic hypernatremia occurs in diabetes insipidus: depending on the underlying pathogenesis, it can be classified into two basic types: neurogenic (or central) and nephrogenic. The neurogenic form may be triggered by traumatic, vascular or infectious events; the nephrogenic form may be due to pharmacological causes, such as lithium, or non-pharmacological ones, such as hypokalemia. For hypovolemic hypernatremia, possible explanations are renal or extrarenal losses. The main goal of treatment of hypernatremia is the restoration of plasma tonicity. In particular, if the imbalance has occurred acutely, rapid correction improves the prognosis by preventing the effects of cellular dehydration; if hypernatremia has developed slowly, over a period of days, a slow correction rate (no more than 0.4 mmol/L/h) is recommended.
A proposito di Giovanni Filopono cristiano e gli studi di Étienne Évrard
Authors: Longo Angela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe studies of É. Évrard, recently published by M.-A. Gavray (2020), are high quality works which allow to immerse oneself in the context of the Platonic-Aristotelian school of Alexandria in Egypt throughout the sixth century AD. They mostly focus on the figure and work of Joannes Philoponus, with specific attention to the compositional technique of hisCommentary on Aristotle’s Physicsand ofOn the Eternity of the World against Aristotle. Despite being strongly critical of the Stagirite on some points, also due to his Christian faith (as with regard to the eternity of the world, which he denies), Philoponus deeply assimilated Aristotelian methods, lexicon and concepts. He therefore uses this legacy in his commentary on the first chapter of the biblical text of the book ofGenesison the creation of the universe, of living species and of the human being (better known with the Latin titleDe opificio mundi). This work by Philoponus provides a first example of Christian Aristotelianism before the well-known one of the medieval Scholasticism.
An all Mach number finite volume method for isentropic two-phase flow
Authors: Lukáčová-Medvid’ová Mária , Puppo Gabriella , Thomann Andrea 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present an implicit–explicit finite volume scheme for isentropic two phase flow in all Mach number regimes. The underlying model belongs to the class of symmetric hyperbolic thermodynamically compatible models. The key element of the scheme consists of a linearisation of pressure and enthalpy terms at a reference state. The resulting stiff linear parts are integrated implicitly, whereas the non-linear higher order and transport terms are treated explicitly. Due to the flux splitting, the scheme is stable under a CFL condition which is determined by the resolution of the slow material waves and allows large time steps even in the presence of fast acoustic waves. Further the singular Mach number limits of the model are studied and the asymptotic preserving property of the scheme is proven. In numerical simulations the consistency with single phase flow, accuracy and the approximation of material waves in different Mach number regimes are assessed.
Optimizing chronic pain management through patient engagement with quality of life measures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Licciardone John C. , McDonald Hanna , Yablon McKenna , Ngo Wayne , Cunanan Garza Kimberly Ann , Aryal Subhash 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Context
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) represents a new approach for guiding chronic pain management because it is patient-centered and more likely to be understood and accepted by patients.

Objectives
To assess the value and utility of an eHealth intervention for patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) that was primarily based on HRQOL measures and to measure the clinical outcomes associated with its use.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial was conducted within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation (PRECISION Pain Research Registry) using participants screened from November 2019 through February 2021. A total of 331 registry participants within the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia met the eligibility criteria, which included having CLBP and HRQOL deficits. Almost three-fourths of the participants were enrolled after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were randomized to an eHealth intervention for HRQOL or wait list control. The primary outcome measures involved HRQOL based on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), including the SPADE cluster (Sleep disturbance, Pain interference with activities, Anxiety, Depression, and low Energy/fatigue) and each of its five component scales. Secondary outcome measures involved low back pain intensity and back-related functioning. Changes over time for each outcome measure reported by participants in each treatment group were compared utilizing the student’s t-test for statistical significance and Cohen’s d statistic for clinical importance. Outcomes were reported as between-group differences in change scores and the d statistic, with positive values favoring the experimental treatment group.

Results
There were no significant differences between the experimental and control treatment groups for changes over time in any primary outcome measure. The d statistic (95% confidence interval) for the difference between the experimental and control treatment groups on the SPADE cluster was 0.04 (−0.18–0.25). The corresponding d statistics for the SPADE scales ranged from −0.06 (−0.27 to 0.16) for anxiety to 0.11 (−0.10 to 0.33) for sleep disturbance. There were also no significant or clinically important differences between the experimental and control treatment groups on the secondary outcome measures. Additionally, in subgroup analyses involving participants treated by osteopathic vs allopathic physicians, no significant interaction effects were observed.

Conclusions
The eHealth intervention studied herein did not achieve statistically significant or clinically important improvements in any of the primary or secondary outcome measures. However, the validity and generalizability of the findings may have been limited by the unforeseen onset and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic shortly after beginning the trial.
A case of severe systemic type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism with 10 years of evolution
Authors: Coelho Almeida André , Bastos Gomes Mariana , Martins Sofia A. , Marques Olinda P. , Gomes Maria Miguel , Antunes Ana M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA-1) is a rare genetic syndrome of unresponsiveness to aldosterone and presents in the neonatal period with hyperkalemia, hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis. The mortality rate can be high and multidisciplinary team is needed for optimal management and adequate growth and development of these patients. Many genotype-phenotype correlations remain uncertain, and the description of the evolution of cases can increase scientific knowledge about the psychomotor development and severity of the different mutations. We report the follow-up for the last 10 years of a patient, with previously unrecognized genetic findings identified. In addition, we reviewed the literature and compared it with other pediatric cases.
Profiling disease and tissue-specific epigenetic signatures in cell-free DNA
Authors: Oberhofer Angela , Bronkhorst Abel Jacobus , Ungerer Vida , Holdenrieder Stefan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Programmed cell death, accidental cell degradation and active extrusion constantly lead to the release of DNA fragments into human body fluids from virtually all cell and tissue types. It is widely accepted that these cell-free DNA (cfDNA) molecules retain the cell-type specific genetic and epigenetic features. Particularly, cfDNA in plasma or serum has been utilized for molecular diagnostics. The current clinically implemented liquid biopsy approaches are mostly based on detecting genetic differences in cfDNA molecules from healthy and diseased cells. Their diagnostic potential is limited to pathologies involving genetic alterations, by the low proportion of cfDNA molecules carrying the mutation(s) relative to the total cfDNA pool, and by the detection limit of employed techniques. Recently, research efforts turned to epigenetic features of cfDNA molecules and found that the tissue-of-origin of individual cfDNA molecules can be inferred from epigenetic characteristics. Analysis of, e.g., methylation patterns, nucleosome or transcription factor binding site occupancies, fragment size distribution or fragment end motifs, and histone modifications determined the cell or tissue-of-origin of individual cfDNA molecules. With this tissue-of origin-analysis, it is possible to estimate the contributions of different tissues to the total cfDNA pool in body fluids and find tissues with increased cell death (pathologic condition), expanding the portfolio of liquid biopsies beyond genetics and towards a wide range of pathologies, such as autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation, among many others. In this review, we give an overview on the status of tissue-of-origin approaches and focus on what is needed to exploit the full potential of liquid biopsies towards minimally invasive screening methods with broad clinical applications.
Causality and the PA/SN distinction
Authors: Amaral Patrícia , Jarrett Dylan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We analyze two constructions expressing the negation of a causal relation in contemporary European Portuguese, nem por isso (lit. ‘not for this [reason]’) and não porque…mas porque (‘not because…but rather because’). We propose that the PA/SN distinction, established for adversative connectives (e.g., Spanish pero and German aber as PA, Spanish sino and German sondern as SN), can be extended to the domain of causality and provides insight on the properties of these two causal constructions. We show that their sensitivity to different types of conversational implicature as well as their interaction with negation are reminiscent of the distinction between restrictive and exclusive adversatives. Our investigation, which is the first semantic-pragmatic analysis of negated causality in European Portuguese, allows us to formulate historical predictions concerning the relation between types of negated causality and the possible development of adversative markers. Our findings provide synchronic evidence for a diachronic semantic path from negated causality to adversative meaning that has been posited for several Romance languages (e.g., Italian però, Spanish pero). Specifically, using contemporary corpus data, we show that the properties of nem por isso provide insight into the bridging contexts for semantic change from causal to adversative meanings. In addition, we identify a type of negated causality that fits within strategies of corrective contrast not exclusive to the domain of causal relations.
Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia
Authors: Yue Weihua , Huang Hailiang , Duan Jubao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCH) is a complex and severe mental disorder with high prevalence, disability, mortality and carries a heavy disease burden, the lifetime prevalence of SCH is around 0.7%–1.0%, which has a profound impact on the individual and society. In the clinical practice of SCH, key problems such as subjective diagnosis, experiential treatment, and poor overall prognosis are still challenging. In recent years, some exciting discoveries have been made in the research on objective biomarkers of SCH, mainly focusing on genetic susceptibility genes, metabolic indicators, immune indices, brain imaging, electrophysiological characteristics. This review aims to summarize the biomarkers that may be used for the prediction and diagnosis of SCH.
{2-(((2-aminoethyl)imino)methyl)-6-bromophenolato-κ3
N,N′,O}iron(III) nitrate, C18H20Br2FeN5O5
Authors: Yu Guojun , Yang Jiao , Yang Qiuling , Wu Qiong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
C18H20Br2FeN5O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.4534(3) Å, b = 10.8106(3) Å, c = 16.0339(4) Å, β = 94.0450(10)°, V = 2153.25(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0276, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0644, T = 170.0 K.
Fundamental study of commercial polylactic acid and coconut fiber/polylactic acid filaments for 3D printing
Authors: Alaa Moustafa , Abdan Khalina , Hao Lee Ching , Al-Talib Ammar , Huzaifah Muhammad , Mazlan Norkhairunnisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to provide an alternative fully green biodegradable 3D printing filament other than polylactic acid (PLA) with better properties and lower prices using a fully environmentally friendly process. Two filaments [polylactic acid (PLA) and polylactic acid/coconut fiber (PLA-CF)] to be purchased and used to prepare a similar samples under the same conditions which to undergo the same testing to obtain and compare their properties as well as for further comparison with other filaments. The samples are to be designed using SOLIDWORKS software according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)standards. The prepared designs are then to be converted to gcode using CURA software. FDM Creality 3D printer (Model: CR10S-PRO) to be used printing a set of specimens for each required test. The prepared samples then undergo several mechanical tests to specify their exact properties. PLA 3D filament roll had been purchased from Fabbxible Technology; Crystallized nature based NatureWorks made from corn starch. While Magma PLA-CF roll had been purchased from 3D Gadgets Malaysia. Both rolls had an average diameter of 1.75 mm and average length of 300 m.
Investigation on impact properties of different type of fibre form: hybrid hemp/glass and kenaf/glass composites
Authors: Muslim Mohamad Asrofi , Jumahat Aidah , Abdullah Shahrul Azam , Jaafar Mohd Azrul , Sapiai Napisah , Teng Loy Raymond Siew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Natural fibre reinforced polymer composites have high potentials to be used in a variety of applications due to its environmental friendly and biodegradability capabilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of core fibre type, core thicknesses, and fibre configurations on the impact behaviour of hybrid natural fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The samples were made of kenaf, hemp and glass mat fibers, and polyester used as matrix resin. These samples were fabricated using a combination of hand lay-up and vacuum bagging systems. The Instron Dynatup 8250 was used in accordance to ASTM D7136. The results showed that the highest impact properties were in hemp hybrid composites. For fibre arrangement, system (1/4/1) in which kenaf, hemp and glass mat were arranged in outer layer (as skin) resulted a higher energy absorbed compared to system (2/2/2) in which kenaf, hemp and glass mat were arranged in middle layer (as core). The impact properties increased with the increasing of core thickness. These findings are significant for possible applications of natural/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites in the fields of vehicles, biomedical, transportation and other specific application could have benefited for further study in hybrid composite material improvement.
Material selection and conceptual design in natural fibre composites
Authors: Maidin Nurul Ain , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Mohammad Taha Mastura , Zuhri Mohd Yusoff Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Material selection is the process of determining which material is best suited to meet the needs of a specific application. Mechanical characteristics, chemical properties, physical properties, electrical properties, and cost are all aspects that define the selection requirements. During the material selection process, these must be weighed. Materials selection is a process used by design engineers to choose the best materials for a specific component. To find the best composite materials, a materials selection system is used to find candidate materials from various composite materials that meet all of the material selection criteria, such as strength, stiffness, cost, and aesthetics. Similarly, a materials selection system will require candidate materials to contain several forms of NFC to identify the best appropriate NFC for a specific product. Materials selection for NFC goods is a relatively recent field of study. Because of the vast number of individual constituent materials in NFC, the work of selecting the best NFC for a specific product is regarded as challenging and time-intensive (Marques T, Esteves JL, Viana J, Loureiro N, Arteiro A. Design for sustainability with composite systems. In: 15th international conference on experimental mechanics (ICEM15); 2012:1–2 pp). Whereas conceptual design is a crucial activity in the design process in modern design, it is continually highlighted that improper conceptual design can lead to extensive rework and problems after the product is produced. According to (Pugh S. Total design: integrated methods for successful product engineering. Wokingham, England: Addison-Wesley Publishing; 1991), conceptual design activity is creating and assessing design solutions to meet the PDS. Because many design features are distinct in composites, and the tailor-made nature of composites has caused the design approach to be different, conceptual design with NFC is typically different from metals. Designing with NFC is similar to designing with a traditional composite product in terms of concept. This activity entails numerous processes, including creating a design brief, information collecting, market research, and product design specifications (PDS).
Water Resources Balanced Scheduling Method Using Particle Swarm Optimization for Future Smart Cities
Authors: Li Pei , Zhang Hong , Yue Yanbing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of a balanced water resources operation more effectively, the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to the optimization of water resources and a mathematical model is constructed of water resources to optimize the operation of cascading hydropower plants. The objective function of the model is to solve the optimal output process of each hydropower plant so as to maximize the total power generation during the operation period. The constraints of the model are water level, output, discharge, the water balance of the reservoir, and the water flow relationship between the reservoirs. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the water resources of cascade hydropower plants. The objective function is taken as the fitness function of the particle swarm and the particle flight speed is dynamically adjusted to the ultimate optimal point. The time dimension of optimal scheduling is taken as the particle space dimension to realize the calculation of the multi-stage process of the scaling period. On this basis, from the two aspects of local convergence improvement and PSO, we improve the resource balance scheduling process of the particle algorithm and improve the balanced scheduling of water resources. The results show that the power generation of cascading hydropower plants is 4.52 % higher than that of the conventional operation when using the PSO algorithm; the average annual power generation of cascading hydropower plants is increased by 2.0 %, the guaranteed output is increased by 1.9 %, and the average annual waste water is reduced by 1.6 %. The guaranteed degree of water supply of the reservoir during the operation period is reduced and the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the year is increased by 50 %. The feasibility and effectiveness of this method in the optimization of water resources balance are verified, which shows that this method can provide a new idea for the balanced operation of water resources.
Effects of presentation delivery rate on errors in simultaneous interpreting: A pilot study
Authors: Arum Aulia Addinillah 
Published: August 2022

Although the success of information rendition in simultaneous interpreting (SI) is susceptible to many factors, the speed of the source speech (SS) is perceived as one of the most challenging problem triggers. However, previous studies that examine the effects of SS in SI have reported different results. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of normal and fast source speech rates on simultaneous interpreting performance through error analysis. In this pilot study, seven error categories are employed, i.e., segment omission, word-and-phrase level omission, addition, unfinished sentence, filled pause, and long pause, which are derived from error classifications by Barik (1971). The first four categories are part of linguistic errors, whereas the last three categories are part of paralinguistic errors. Two videos with a speed of 124-wpm (words per minute) and 184-wpm were used as the source speeches and three professional interpreters with more than seven years of experience were recruited as research participants. It is revealed that the fast speech rate has increased the frequency of errors. Additionally, segment omission appears to be the category mostly impacted by SS speed. Therefore, the result of this study suggests interpreters’ training institutions pay more attention to coping tactics learning and acquisition in their courses. Nevertheless, more replication studies are still required to verify this finding.
Adaptive Learning Based Whale Optimization and Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm for Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection in Software Defined Network Environment
Authors: S Renuka Devi , Shyamala L , Saraswathi S 
Published: August 2022

SDNs (Software Defined Networks) have emerged as a game-changing network concept. It can fulfill the ever-increasing needs of future networks and is increasingly being employed in data centres and operator networks. It does, however, confront certain fundamental security concerns, such as DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) assaults. To address the aforementioned concerns, the ALWO+CNN method, which combines ALWOs (Adaptive Learning based Whale Optimizations) with CNNs (Convolution Neural Networks), is suggested in this paper. Initially, preprocessing is performed using the KMC (K-Means Clustering) algorithm, which is used to significantly reduce noise data. The preprocessed data is then used in the feature selection process, which is carried out by ALWOs. Its purpose is to pick out important and superfluous characteristics from the dataset. It enhances DDoS classification accuracy by using the best algorithms. The selected characteristics are then used in the classification step, where CNNs are used to identify and categorize DDoS assaults efficiently. Finally, the ALWO+CNN algorithm is used to leverage the rate and asymmetry properties of the flows in order to detect suspicious flows specified by the detection trigger mechanism. The controller will next take the necessary steps to defend against DDoS assaults. The ALWO+CNN algorithm greatly improves detection accuracy and efficiency, as well as preventing DDoS assaults on SDNs. Based on the experimental results, it was determined that the suggested ALWO+CNN method outperforms current algorithms in terms of better accuracies, precisions, recalls, f-measures, and computational complexities.