bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activities, and Hemolytic Properties of Xanthium italicum Essential Oil from Algeria
Authors: Bendiabdallah Amal , Ayachi Hicham , Fellahi Manel , Dib Mohammed El Amine , Muselli Alain 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Essential oils are widely recognized for their antioxidant properties, including
their ability to neutralize free radicals and protect cells from oxidative stress, a key factor in
cell death associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of essential oil extracted
from the leaves and flowers of Xanthium italicum and to evaluate its antioxidant activity using the
DPPH test and the Ferric Antioxidant Power Reduction Test (FRAP), as well as its hemolytic properties.

Methods:
Leaf and fruit chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and
gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant properties were evaluated
using DPPH and FRAP methods. A suspension of human blood erythrocytes was used to determine
the hemolytic effect of essential oils.

Results:
Thirty-five compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted from the leaves of
Xanthium italicum. The main compounds were limonene (41.5%) and germacrene D (14.2%). For
fruit essential oil, twenty-five compounds were identified, with α-bisabolol (62.2%), α-humulene
(8.1%), and limonene (5.2%) as the main constituents. In-vitro antioxidant activity tests showed that
the essential oil of Xanthium italicum fruits is a powerful antioxidant (0.038 mg/mL), surpassing
even ascorbic acid (0.048 mg/mL). Human erythrocyte toxicity tests showed that the essential oil of
Xanthium italicum leaves and fruits have a relatively low hemolytic effect, with hemolysis rates of
15.3% and 8.1%, respectively, even at high concentrations of 1000 μg/mL.

Conclusion:
The essential oils of Xanthium italicum show a strong antioxidant activity, especially
in fruits, and a low hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. This could be a safe and effective natural
antioxidant.
Research Progress on Damage and Protection of Key Friction Pairs in Axial Piston Pump
Authors: LI Jianying , Zha Yongyuan , Yang Hailong , Gao Haoyang 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Axial piston pumps represent one of the most core and technically challenging
components in hydraulic systems. They are widely used in practical engineering fields
such as hydraulic transmission and control. This article first outlines the development history of
piston pumps and then provides a comprehensive analysis of the research progress on the friction
characteristics and surface modification technologies of key friction pairs in axial piston pumps.

Objective:
This article aims to summarize the friction wear and oil film characteristics of key friction
pairs in axial piston pumps, analyze and elaborate the research progress in improving the
tribological performance of friction pair surfaces through methods such as surface texturing and
surface coating, and provide theoretical support for the damage and protection of axial piston
pumps.

Method:
The present study was conducted by organizing and analyzing research literature from
both domestic and international scholars. The objective was to explore the lubrication and friction
wear properties of key friction pairs, as well as the application of surface texturing, surface coating,
and other technologies in improving the tribological performance of friction pair surfaces.

Results:
A review of pertinent literature has revealed that surface texturing and surface coating
can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of friction pairs, enhance lubrication performance,
and thereby extend the service life of axial piston pumps. Moreover, these methods facilitate the
reduction of wear on the friction pairs and enhance their overall performance.

Conclusion:
This article presents a summary of the research progress on friction, wear, and oil
film characteristics of key friction pairs in axial piston pumps. It also analyzes the role of technologies
such as surface texturing and surface coating in improving the tribological properties of the
friction pair surfaces. Furthermore, it provides a prospective outlook on future developments.
Molecular Genetic Research of GSTM, GSTT and VDR genes
Authors: Aib Nadiia , Lukianenko Nataliia , Chaikovska Hanna , Volosianko Andrii 
Published: February 2025

According to the “threshold” model of multifactorial diseases, genetic and epigenetic factors determine each person's predisposition to developing a disease. If this total predisposition exceeds a certain threshold, the disease develops.
The aim of study to investigate the frequency of polymorphic loci TaqI and Apa I of the VDR-3 gene and deletion loci of the genes GSTM1 0 and GSTT1 0 (glutathione-S-transferases) in the genotype of children with dysmetabolic nephropathy.
Materials and methods. A molecular genetic study of the Taq I polymorphic locus was conducted in 55 children with different severity of dysmetabolic nephropathy: 35 children with complicated dysmetabolic nephropathy and 20 children with uncomplicated DN; the results were compared with the data of 44 healthy children.
Results. We have established an association of dysmetabolic nephropathy with the presence of deletion alleles of GSTM1 0/0 and GSTT1 0/0 in the child's genotype, a significant association of the frequency of simultaneous carriage of deletion alleles GSTT1 0/0+GSTM1 0/0 with a more severe course of DN in children. The ability of the products of these genes to provide cellular resistance to lipid peroxidation free radicals and prevent damage to the HDC was investigated, and it was concluded that the null alleles of GSTM1 0/0 GSTT1 0/0 and, especially, their combination GSTT1 0/0+GSTM1 0/0 may be modifier genes in the pathogenesis of dysmetabolic nephropathy in children.
Conclusions. Molecular genetic analysis of polymorphic variants of the VDR3 gene showed a difference in the frequency of VDR3 alleles and genotypes between children with dysmetabolic nephropathy and healthy children. This confirms that allelic variance in the VDR3 gene may be a risk factor for developing dysmetabolic nephropathy, and the gene itself may be considered a candidate gene in the pathogenesis of multifactorial inheritance of dysmetabolic nephropathy. The results obtained may further form the basis of screening tests for diagnosing dysmetabolic nephropathy in children.
Pattern of Students’ (Akhlak) Character Building through Student Organization Activity: A Study of Nature Lover Student (MAPALA) in Islamic University
Authors: Oviyanti Fitri , Rochmiyatun Siti , Fauzi Muhamad , Bujuri Dian Andesta 
Published: February 2025

This research aims to reveal good practices in (akhlak) character building pattern through the activities of the Student Organization for Nature Lover (MAPALA) at an Islamic University in Palembang, South Sumatra. This research uses a qualitative case study type method. Research data was obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. There were 14 informants involved in this research. They are Vice Chancellor 3 for student affairs, Deputy Dean 3 (MAPALA coordinator), Chair of MAPALA, Deputy Chair of MAPALA, alumni (seniors) of MAPALA, 6 student members of MAPALA, and 3 lecturers. Research data was analyzed using an interactive model of three techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the development of student character through the first extracurricular activities of the Student Activity Unit (UKM) for Nature Lovers Student (MAPALA), cognitive development activities, which include public discussions, up-greading, seminars, wildlife crime investigation training, and get-to-know interviews. Medan. Second, affective coaching activities, which include Capital Care Fundraising, Mosque Cleaning, Tiger Day Commemoration, and recital. Third, psychomotor development activities, which include Camping, Mountain Expeditions, Adventure with MAPALA, Young Member Adventures, Exercise and Rock Climbing. These activities have a positive impact on developing student character. Through these activities, students are taught to be religious, honest, communicative, environmentally conscious, socially caring and love nature.
Advancements in Offensive Language Detection: A Comprehensive Review and Experimental Analysis
Authors: Nalini C. , Shanthakumari R. , Maria Y. Agashia , Janarthanan T. , Manibharathi M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The proliferation of offensive language in digital communication has become a significant challenge in the internet era, prompting the urgent need for advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques for its identification and mitigation. With a particular focus on NLP techniques, machine learning, deep learning, and transformer models, this study presents a thorough review of the shifting landscape of offensive language identification from the years 2020 through 2023. The datasets utilized in prior research have been scrutinized, specifically those of Dravidian languages such as Tamil, Malayalam, etc. Preprocessing techniques encompass a range of data cleansing and word embedding methodologies, including TF-IDF and Word2Vec, which are employed to train and optimize the model. We reviewed past work to compare the standard supervised learning models like Support Vector Machine and Naive Bayes to emergent transformer models like BERT, identifying the superior approach that would improve a model’s accuracy and effectiveness.
Evaluation of Micronutrients in the Soil and Leaves of Theobroma Cacao
Authors: Daniel Maria Andreza Silva , Monteiro Débora Bernardes Mouzinho , Lobato Elaine Maria Silva Guedes , Rodrigues Alessandra Epifanio , Oliveira Aneska Silva de , Pamplona Vanessa Mayara Souza , Daniel Rossini , Vanessa Izabelle Pereira Andrade 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability of micronutrients and soil acidity at different depths and to check the levels of these nutrients in leaves of Theobroma cacao grown in SAF (Agroforestry System) and in full sun, in order to understand the effects of micronutrients and soil acidity on cacao growing.

Theoretical Framework: The research is based on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, which seeks to promote sustainable agriculture, and SDG 15, to promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems.

Method: Soil samples were taken from three depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) at the Esperança farm in Paragominas, Pará. The soil's physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed. For leaf sampling, the position of the leaf on the plant and freedom from any damage was taken into account. The statistical design used was entirely randomized (DIC), in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme. When significant differences were found, comparisons of means were made using the Tukey test at 5% probability.

Results and Discussion: The shaded management area presented better boron levels in the soil, which suggests direct interference from the plant. The other micronutrients were not affected by the types of management or depths analyzed. The leaf analyses showed normality for all the micronutrients and elements used to check soil acidity.

Research Implications: This research provides practical information on the management of micronutrients in cocoa cultivation, which enables extension to increase productivity in the Northern Region of Brazil.

Originality/Value: This study provided important information on agroforestry management in cocoa, with emphasis on its productivity based on its micronutrient levels.
Gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae family. β-Lactamases with extended substrate spectrum (ESBL) – characteristics, selected molecular aspects of antibiotic resistance, diagnostics – short literature review
Authors: Likus Paulina , Magdalena Greczek-Stachura  , Anna Macieja  
Published: February 2025

The Enterobacteriaceae family includes various types of Gram-negative bacteria. Microorganisms treated with antibiotics modify “resistance mechanisms”. An example is selected bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family, strains of which can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). β-lactamases are enzymes that can hydrolyse penicillins, cephalosporins (including third- and fourth-generation, C3G and C4G) and aztreonam, resulting in the development of infection, and fewer therapeutic options. Diagnosis is impeded by the presence of different phenotypes of ESBL resistance to β-lactamases. It leads to detailed substrate preferences of specific ESBL types, designated inhibitor sensitivity, and degree of enzymatic activity and expression, providing the basis for several identification steps. A single mutation in the active site of the enzyme led to the formation of known ESBLs (TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1). Newer enzymes (CTX-M) are derived from cephalosporinases produced by certain plant bacterial strains (e.g. Kluyvera ascorbata), which are then inserted into mobile genetic elements. To date, more than 350 different ESBL enzymes have been identified.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ВІРТУАЛЬНОЇ РЕАЛЬНОСТІ ДЛЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ НАУК У ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Гуркова Тетяна 
Published: February 2025

У статті розглянуто актуальні аспекти впровадження віртуальної реальності в початковій ланці. Визначено, що VR для педагогів є викликом. Наразі це питання – одне із пріоритетних вимог сучасності. Учні початкової школи в реаліях сьогодення не мають можливості моделювати, маніпулювати з предметами, досліджувати, експериментувати, подорожувати в реальному часі. Перехід на дистанційне навчання поставив перед педагогами нове завдання – опанувати новітні технології, зокрема VR в початковій освіті. Упровадження передових досягнень країн світу поширюється теренами НУШ. Віртуальна реальність на заняттях у початковій школі активно залучає до опанування новими знаннями здобувачів освіти, мотивує, зацікавлює, створює ситуацію успіху. Однак, попри численні переваги, цифровізація освіти супроводжується значними недоліками. Серед них – різниця у забезпеченні технікою, доступність та швидкість інтернету в сільських школах. Для підвищення ефективності впровадження цифрових технологій (VR) в освітній процес необхідно здійснювати підготовку викладачів до роботи у цифровому середовищі, розробити нові методики навчання, знайти оптимальний баланс між цифровими й традиційними методами навчання, а також забезпечити супровід з боку держави та інститутів післядипломної освіти, зокрема.
Cardiovascular disease burden and associated risk factors in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Bhandari Roshan , Pantha Srijan , Pandey Ghanashyam , Paudyal Richa 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is regarded as a leading cause of premature mortality and morbidity among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a high burden of cardiovascular complications in CKD patients, necessitating an integrated approach for targeted management of cardiovascular complications among CKD patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, nature, and risk factors of cardiovascular complications among CKD patients in a tertiary care center in Nepal.

Materials and Methods
It is a prospective and cross-sectional study conducted for 1 year (April 2020–2021). We recruited a total of 60 patients, meeting the criteria. Comprehensive patient histories, thorough physical examinations, potential risk factors for cardiovascular complications, echocardiographic, and laboratory data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.

Results
Among all, the predominant cardiovascular complication was valvular heart disease (VHD) (71.67%), with mitral regurgitation being the most prevalent (58.33%). Other complications included left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (66.67%), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (53.33%), left ventricular systolic dysfunction (21.67%), pericardial effusion (15.00%), and global hypokinesia (11.67%). Significant comorbidities included anemia (100%), hypertension (HTN) (91.67%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (56.67%), and dyslipidemia (58.33%). Notably, 40.00% were smokers, 38.33% reported alcohol consumption, 21.67% were obese, and 13.33% were underweight.

Conclusion
Our study highlights the substantial impact of cardiovascular complications among CKD patients in Nepal. We found that VHD and LVH are particularly prevalent, underscoring the urgent need for early detection and targeted management strategies in clinical practice. The strong association with common comorbidities such as anemia, HTN, DM, and dyslipidemia further emphasizes the intricate relationship between renal and cardiovascular health in this population. Thus, these findings provide valuable insights into the cardiovascular and general healthcare challenges faced by CKD patients in our setting, urging for integrated care approaches to improve outcomes and enhance patient care.
Buffalo Bill, une attraction transmédiale ? Brève phénoménologie populaire du circus man de l’Ouest
Authors: Gregorio Luca Di 
Published: February 2025

Cet article étudie l’importance de la figure de Buffalo Bill dans l’imaginaire « western » et le rôle qu’ont joué les dispositifs médiatiques mis en place par ce westerner devenu homme de cirque. En discutant quelques aspects de l’apparaître imaginaire de ce personnage et de son « Wild West Show », l’analyse propose d’abord une réflexion sur les rapports entre esthétique des « attractions » et transmédialité dans le contexte culturel de la première mondialisation ; elle aborde ensuite quelques réfractions fictionnelles des phénomènes interrogés dans le roman populaire et la bande dessinée en Europe et au XXe siècle.
ON THE DISCOVERY OF ARTIFICIAL TEMPER OF BROKEN ROASTED STRONGLY IRON-PLATED CLAY IN ANCIENT POTTERY
Authors: Васильева И.Н. 
Published: February 2025

Статья содержит итоги экспериментальных работ, направленных на изучение минеральной добавки из дробленой обожженной сильноожелезненной глины. Привлекаются данные технико-технологического анализа неолитической керамики Самарского Поволжья, Сурско-Мокшанского междуречья, Марийского Поволжья, Прикамья, Верхнего иСреднего Подонья. Исследование осуществлено врамках историко-культурного подхода кизучению древней керамики, всоответствии сметодикой А.А. Бобринского. Методы: бинокулярная микроскопия, трасология иэксперимент (физическое моделирование). Встатье освещаются проблемы формирования ираспространения традиции составления формовочных масс спримесью дробленой сильноожелезненной обожженной глины на территории Среднего Поволжья, атакже Верхнего иСреднего Подонья вэпоху неолита. Большое внимание уделено вопросу овозможных истоках этой новой традиции, получившей широкое распространение вПоволжье иПодонье впериод неолита.
The article contains results of experimental works aimed at investigation of mineral temper of broken roasted high-iron clay. Data of technological analysis of the Neolithic pottery from Samara section of the Volga river valley, interfluve of the Sura and the Moksha rivers, the Mari section of the Volga river valley, from the Kama river valley, and the Upper and the Middle parts of the Don river are adduced. The study has been carried out within framework of historical-and-cultural approach to study of ancient pottery pursuant to the procedure developed by A.A. Bobrinski. Problems of the tradition of pottery-making with a temper of broken roasted high-iron clay and advancement in the territory of the Middle Volga river as well as in the territory of the Upper and Middle reaches of the Don river in the New Stone Age period. A great attention is paid to the issue of possible origins of this new tradition that gained currency over territories of the Volga and the Don rivers in the New Stone Age period.
Le soutien aux capacités d’autosoins des personnes atteintes de BPCO par les infirmiers à domicile dans le cadre du Prado : une étude qualitative
Authors: GAUTIER Marlène , GARRY-BRUNEAU Mathilde 
Published: February 2025

La BPCO est une maladie chronique qui induit pour les personnes des autosoins quotidiens afin d’avoir une qualité de vie satisfaisante. Le Prado BPCO propose des interventions à domicile à la suite d’une hospitalisation afin d’autonomiser la personne dans son suivi de la maladie.Objectif : Décrire les pratiques des infirmiers à domicile qui permettent de soutenir les autosoins des personnes atteintes de BPCO dans le cadre du dispositif du Prado.Méthode : Cette étude s’est positionnée sur un devis de recherche qualitatif phénoménologique. Des observations associées à des entretiens d’explicitations ont été réalisées lors de séances Prado BPCO auprès de cinq infirmiers exerçant à domicile, soit en libéral soit en centre de soins. Les données recueillies ont été retranscrites, codées puis croisées à travers une grille d’analyse construite à partir du cadre conceptuel de la théorie des autosoins dans la maladie chronique de B.Riegel.Résultats : La majorité des soins liés à la maladie chronique BPCO sont dispensés par les personnes elles-mêmes. L’infirmier à domicile est un facteur influençant le développement et le soutien de l’autosoin. L’utilisation d’une théorie ancrée en sciences infirmières a pour intérêt de comprendre la pratique infirmière pour expliciter des résultats de soins infirmiers, et pour aider les infirmiers à construire leur pratique quotidienne.Conclusion : Les interventions infirmières participent au soutien des autosoins des personnes atteintes de BPCO. L’élargissement des compétences des infirmiers permettrait d’être réactifs face aux besoins des personnes en matière de soutien des capacités aux autosoins, et d’être plus autonomes dans les propositions d’interventions.
GELIAT PEREMPUAN DI HOME INDUSTRI KERAJINAN GEDEBOG PISANG
Authors: Makrufah Siti , Suji  , Puji Rahmawati Rina , Rachma Dewi Putri Aisyiyah 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pemberdayaan melalui home industry kerajinan debog pisang di Desa Prambatan serta kontribusinya terhadap peningkatan pendapatan ibu rumah tangga. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini melibatkan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap pemilik dan karyawan UD. Barokah Tani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa home industry ini telah berhasil memberdayakan masyarakat, terutama perempuan, melalui peningkatan pendapatan dan kemandirian ekonomi. Kendala yang dihadapi meliputi keterbatasan alat produksi, fluktuasi ketersediaan bahan baku, dan persaingan industri. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa home industry kerajinan debog pisang memiliki potensi besar dalam memberdayakan perempuan dan meningkatkan perekonomian desa.

Keywords: Pemberdayaan Perempuan, home Industry, Kerajinan Debog Pisang.
HIDROCARBUROS Y UNIVERSIDADES AL SUR DE TEXAS
Authors: NAVARRO-LEAL Marco Aurelio 
Published: February 2025

Con el propósito de identificar oportunidades de colaboración, se exploran las disposiciones que algunas universidades del sur de Texas han integrado recientemente, con vistas a acompañar las operaciones de ampliación de la actividad energética a través de la dinámica de la frontera. La información se recopiló a partir de observación y entrevistas a funcionarios de cuatro universidades. Se encontró que, a pesar de estar afiliadas a dos grandes sistemas universitarios, su planeación y desarrollo institucional se opera de manera libre, y las actividades de colaboración relacionadas con hidrocarburos se gestionan de manera independiente.