bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tau seeding in cases of multiple sclerosis
Authors: LaCroix Michael S. , Mirbaha Hilda , Shang Ping , Zandee Stephanie , Foong Chan , Prat Alexandre , White Charles L. , Stuve Olaf , Diamond Marc I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRelapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that in many cases leads to progressive MS, a neurodegenerative disease. Progressive MS is untreatable and relentless, and its cause is unknown. Prior studies of MS have documented neuronal accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein, which characterizes another heterogeneous group of neurogenerative disorders, the tauopathies. Known causes of tauopathy are myriad, and include point mutations within the tau gene, amyloid beta accumulation, repeated head trauma, and viral infection. We and others have proposed that tau has essential features of a prion. It forms intracellular assemblies that can exit a cell, enter a secondary cell, and serve as templates for their own replication in a process termed “seeding.” We have previously developed specialized “biosensor” cell systems to detect and quantify tau seeds in brain tissues. We hypothesized that progressive MS is a tauopathy, potentially triggered by inflammation. We tested for and detected tau seeding in frozen brain tissue of 6/8 subjects with multiple sclerosis. We then evaluated multiple brain regions from a single subject for whom we had detailed clinical history. We observed seeding outside of MS plaques that was enriched by immunopurification with two anti-tau antibodies (HJ8.5 and MD3.1). Immunohistochemistry with AT8 and MD3.1 confirmed prior reports of tau accumulation in MS. Although larger studies are required, our data suggest that progressive MS may be considered a secondary tauopathy.
Social isolation and suicide risk: Literature review and perspectives
Authors: Motillon-Toudic Chloé , Walter Michel , Séguin Monique , Carrier Jean-Daniel , Berrouiguet Sofian , Lemey Christophe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is a major public health problem and a cause of premature mortality. With a view to prevention, a great deal of research has been devoted to the determinants of suicide, focusing mostly on individual risk factors, particularly depression. In addition to causes intrinsic to the individual, the social environment has also been widely studied, particularly social isolation. This paper examines the social dimension of suicide etiology through a review of the literature on the relationship between suicide and social isolation.MethodsMedline searches via PubMed and PsycINFO were conducted. The keywords were “suicid*” AND “isolation.”ResultsOf the 2,684 articles initially retrieved, 46 were included in the review.ConclusionsSupported by proven theoretical foundations, mainly those developed by E. Durkheim and T. Joiner, a large majority of the articles included endorse the idea of a causal relationship between social isolation and suicide, and conversely, a protective effect of social support against suicide. Moreover, the association between suicide and social isolation is subject to variations related to age, gender, psychopathology, and specific circumstances. The social etiology of suicide has implications for intervention and future research.
Pembrolizumab With or Without Chemotherapy in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Updated Results of the Phase III KEYNOTE-048 Study
Authors: Harrington Kevin J. , Burtness Barbara , Greil Richard , Soulières Denis , Tahara Makoto , de Castro Gilberto , Psyrri Amanda , Brana Irene , Basté Neus , Neupane Prakash , Bratland Åse , Fuereder Thorsten , Hughes Brett G.M. , Mesia Ricard , Ngamphaiboon Nuttapong , Rordorf Tamara , Wan Ishak Wan Zamaniah , Lin Jianxin , Gumuscu Burak , Swaby Ramona F. , Rischin Danny 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE Pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy demonstrated efficacy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in KEYNOTE-048. Post hoc analysis of long-term efficacy and progression-free survival on next-line therapy (PFS2) is presented. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab-chemotherapy, or cetuximab-chemotherapy. Efficacy was evaluated in programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 20, CPS ≥ 1, and total populations, with no multiplicity or alpha adjustment. RESULTS The median study follow-up was 45.0 months (interquartile range, 41.0-49.2; n = 882). At data cutoff (February 18, 2020), overall survival improved with pembrolizumab in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.81) and CPS ≥ 1 populations (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.89) and was noninferior in the total population (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.97). Overall survival improved with pembrolizumab-chemotherapy in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.84), CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.78), and total (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.85) populations. The objective response rate on second-course pembrolizumab was 27.3% (3 of 11). PFS2 improved with pembrolizumab in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.84) and CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.95) populations and with pembrolizumab-chemotherapy in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.86), CPS ≥ 1 (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.81), and total (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.88) populations. PFS2 was similar after pembrolizumab and longer after pembrolizumab-chemotherapy on next-line taxanes and shorter after pembrolizumab and similar after pembrolizumab-chemotherapy on next-line nontaxanes. CONCLUSION With a 4-year follow-up, first-line pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy continued to demonstrate survival benefit versus cetuximab-chemotherapy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Patients responded well to subsequent treatment after pembrolizumab-based therapy.
Symptoms and Needs Monitoring in Diverse Ambulatory Oncology Patients: Usage Characteristics and Impact on Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalization
Authors: Natori Akina , Sookdeo Vandana Devika , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Schlumbrecht Matthew , Calfa Carmen L. , Maclntyre Jessica , Benzo Roberto M. , Moreno Patricia I. , Crane Tracy E. , Garcia Sofia F. , Penedo Frank J. 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE Symptoms and needs monitoring using patient-reported outcomes (PRO) is associated with improved clinical outcomes in cancer care. However, these improvements have been observed predominantly in non-Hispanic White patients using English assessments with high completion rates. The documented impact of such monitoring on system-level outcomes including emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations remains limited. We explored factors affecting the completion of PRO measures and evaluated clinical outcomes in an ambulatory oncology setting with a diverse racial, ethnic, and linguistic population. METHODS A retrospective analysis (October 2019-February 2022) was performed for patients with cancer assigned to My Wellness Check (MWC), a patient-portal-administered and electronic health record–based PRO assessment that generates automated alerts to oncology providers. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and clinical outcomes were collected. Logistic regression models examined factors affecting the completion of MWC questionnaires. Cumulative incidence of ER visits and hospitalization were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusting for demographics. RESULTS We identified 9,553 patients; 43.1% (n = 4,117) answered one or more questions. Patients age 65 years or older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.77; P < .0001), male (aOR, 0.81; P < .0001), Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (aOR, 0.70; P < .0001), living without partners (aOR, 0.75; P < .0001), or receiving no treatment (aOR, 0.76; P < .0001) were less likely to answer MWC questionnaires. Patients who completed the entire MWC questionnaires had a reduced risk of an ER visit (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78; P < .0001) and hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80; P = .0007) relative to patients who did not. CONCLUSION Completing electronic health record–based PRO assessments was associated with significantly better clinical outcomes in a diverse cancer population. Specific patient groups were less likely to participate. Further research is needed to identify barriers to completing PRO measures and the long-term benefits of such programs.
Thrombosis-Related Loss of Arterial Lines in the First Wave of COVID-19 and Non–COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Zon Rebecca L. , Merz Lauren E. , Fields Kara G. , Grandoni Jessica , Stuart Jessica C. , Occhiogrosso Rachel H. , Li Linda , Baron Rebecca M. , Fredenburgh Laura E. , Woolley Ann E. , Connors Jean M. , Frendl Gyorgy 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with severe respiratory distress requiring intensive care unit (ICU)–level care. Such care often requires placement of an arterial line for monitoring of pulmonary disease progression, hemodynamics, and laboratory tests. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, experienced physicians anecdotally reported multiple attempts, decreased insertion durations, and greater need for replacement of arterial lines in patients with COVID-19 due to persistent thrombosis. Because invasive procedures in patients with COVID-19 may increase the risk for caregiver infection, better defining difficulties in maintaining arterial lines in COVID-19 patients is important. We sought to explore the association between COVID-19 infection and arterial line thrombosis in critically ill patients.

METHODS:
In this primary exploratory analysis, a multivariable Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model was used to retrospectively estimate the association between critically ill COVID-19 (versus sepsis/acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]) patients and the risk of arterial line removal for thrombosis (with arterial line removal for any other reason treated as a competing risk). As a sensitivity analysis, we compared the number of arterial line clots per 1000 arterial line days between critically ill COVID-19 and sepsis/ARDS patients using multivariable negative binomial regression.

RESULTS:
We retrospectively identified 119 patients and 200 arterial line insertions in patients with COVID-19 and 54 patients and 68 arterial line insertions with non-COVID ARDS. Using a Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model, we found the adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for arterial line clot to be 2.18 (1.06–4.46) for arterial lines placed in COVID-19 patients versus non–COVID-19 sepsis/ARDS patients (P = .034). Patients with COVID-19 had 36.3 arterial line clots per 1000 arterial line days compared to 19.1 arterial line clots per 1000 arterial line days in patients without COVID-19 (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] [95% CI], 1.78 [0.94–3.39]; P = .078).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study suggests that arterial line complications due to thrombosis are more likely in COVID-19 patients and supports the need for further research on the association between COVID-19 and arterial line dysfunction requiring replacement.
“To Consort with Eccentricities”: Edith Sitwell’s Eighteenth Century
Authors: Charles Katherine G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcross her career the modernist Edith Sitwell iterated eccentricity as a category of reclaimed value that sanctions an expansive array of previously overlooked and frequently unshared pleasures. These intimate appetites are broadly conceived as operating in variable proximity to embodiment and eros but also as enticingly out of joint with their historical moment. In pursuit of the concept of eccentricity, this essay applies twenty-first-century methods developed by queer studies to the representational strategies Sitwell undertook in English Eccentrics (1933) and I Live under a Black Sun (1937), two counter-Enlightenment texts that draw their found content and characters from the Age of Pope and Swift. It argues that reappropriating eccentricity as a badge of creativity rather than a label for dismissal allows Sitwell to explore more capacious models of pleasure and erotic attachment that are not circumscribed by physical contact or heteronormative consummation. In doing so, Sitwell develops eccentricity as a framework oppositionally defined by the mystification of its peers but angled to claim future recognition.
The Decay of Singing: Remembering the Castrato
Authors: Gladfelder Hal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe advent of a new political regime in Italy in the 1790s led to decrees banning castrati from the stage and the closure of the singing academies where they taught. But seventy years later the composer Gioacchino Rossini looked back to the castrati as the last adepts of the art of bel canto: “As to the castrati, they vanished, and the usage disappeared in the creation of new customs. That was the cause of the irretrievable decay of the art of singing.” This essay focuses on the eighteenth-century castrato Gasparo Pacchierotti—friend of Charles, Frances, and Susan Burney, idol of William Beckford—and on the efforts of the novelist and critic Stendhal to “remember” Pacchierotti’s lost voice. Stendhal never heard Pacchierotti in his prime, but in his 1824 Vie de Rossini he declared that the art of bel canto had reached its apogee with Pacchierotti in 1778: five years before the writer’s own birth. Stendhal sought to demonstrate that the lost voice could be remembered by way of both historical evidence and the textual and viva voce “recordings” of earlier listeners: Beckford, the Burneys, and the singer Gabriel Piozzi. In Stendhal’s erotics or mnemonics of musical sensation, such textual and performative recordings allow us to remember the sensations elicited by an absent voice as vividly as the phonographic or digital recordings on which later listeners would rely.
Risk for Hemorrhage the First 2 Years After Gamma Knife Surgery for Arteriovenous Malformations: An Update
Authors: Karlsson Bengt , Jokura Hidefumi , Yang Huai-Che , Yamamoto Masaaki , Martinez-Alvarez Roberto , Kawagishi Jun , Guo Wan-Yuo , Chung Wen-Yuh , Söderman Michael , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Lax Ingmar 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Knowledge about the natural course of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have increased during the past 20 years, as has the number of AVMs treated, especially larger ones. It is thus timely to again analyze the risk for hemorrhage after Gamma Knife Surgery (GKS).

OBJECTIVE:
To confirm or contradict conclusions drawn 20 years ago regarding factors that affect the risk for post-GKS hemorrhage.

METHODS:
The outcome after GKS was studied in 5037 AVM patients followed for up to 2 years. The relation between post-treatment hemorrhage rate and a number of patient, AVM, and treatment parameters was analyzed. The results were also compared with the results from our earlier study.

RESULTS:
The annual post-treatment hemorrhage rate was 2.4% the first 2 years after GKS. Large size, low treatment dose, and old age were independent risk factors for AVM hemorrhage. After having compensated for the factors above, peripheral AVM location and female sex, at least during their child bearing ages, were factors associated with a lower post-GKS hemorrhage rate.

CONCLUSION:
Large AVMs (>5 cm3) treated with low doses (≤16 Gy) had higher and small AVMs treated with high doses a lower risk for hemorrhage as compared with untreated AVMs. This was detectable within the first 6 months after GKS. No difference in hemorrhage rate could be detected for the other AVMs. Based on our findings, it is advisable to prescribe >16 Gy to larger AVMs, assuming that the risk for radiation-induced complications can be kept at an acceptable level.
Family size desires and intentions in the lowest fertility region in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Vinh Duc , Nghiem Thuy Thi 
Published: October 2022

Background: Vietnam's total fertility rate has been relatively stable around the replacement level since 2005. Meanwhile, fertility in the Southeast of Vietnam has always been far below the replacement level. As reproductive desires and intentions are important determinants of fertility, the article estimates family size desires and intentions in the Southeast and analyse related sociodemographic factors, contributing insights to the low fertility in this region. Methods: Based on data from a survey of people aged 18-45 in the Southeast in 2020, bivariate analysis and multinomial logistic regressions were applied to examine family size desires and intentions in this region. Results: Most respondents want two (57.3%) or more (33.1%) children, and only 8.4% of them want to have fewer than two children. There are wide gaps within reproductive desires and intentions and the actual fertility. The mean intended family size is nearly 2.1, lower than the mean desired family size but much higher than the total fertility rate in 2020. Young people and unmarried females are more likely to have desires and intentions of fewer than two children. The most frequent reason for no intention of attaining desired family sizes is the fear of not having enough financial resources to raise their children as their expectations. Discussion and Conclusion: The low fertility in the Southeast of Vietnam is not due to a substantial decline in the value of children, but mainly because socioeconomic conditions are not favourable for having two or more children. In the current context in the Southeast, when most people of reproductive age still want and intend to have at least two children, support policies to reduce difficulties and obstacles to having would be much more effective in increasing the fertility rate than later when the desire of fewer than two children become more popular.
Policy Optimization in Dynamic Bayesian Network Hybrid Models of Biomanufacturing Processes
Authors: Zheng Hua , Xie Wei , Ryzhov Ilya O. , Xie Dongming 
Published: October 2022

Biopharmaceutical manufacturing is a rapidly growing industry with impact in virtually all branches of medicine. Biomanufacturing processes require close monitoring and control, in the presence of complex bioprocess dynamics with many interdependent factors, as well as extremely limited data due to the high cost of experiments and the novelty of personalized bio-drugs. We develop a new model-based reinforcement learning framework that can achieve human-level control in low-data environments. A dynamic Bayesian network is used to capture causal interdependencies between factors and predict how the effects of different inputs propagate through the pathways of the bioprocess mechanisms. This model is interpretable and enables the design of process control policies that are robust against model risk. We present a computationally efficient, provably convergent stochastic gradient method for optimizing such policies. Validation is conducted on a realistic application with a multidimensional, continuous state variable. History: Accepted by Bruno Tuffin, Area Editor for Simulation. Funding: This work was partially supported by National Institute of Standards and Technology [Grant 70NANB17H002]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1232 .
Paying for Performance in Public Pension Plans
Authors: Lu Yan , Mullally Kevin , Ray Sugata 
Published: October 2022

We examine the relation between public pension plan chief investment officer (CIO) compensation and plans’ investment performance. Higher paid CIOs outperform their counterparts by 47–60 basis points per year, largely through increased and superior investment in private equity and real estate. This outperformance generates an additional $74.91–$95.63 million in economic value. Plans offering higher compensation hire better educated CIOs and are more likely to retain their CIOs. Higher CIO compensation is positively correlated with the use of incentive compensation, but incentive compensation does not directly affect performance. Demand- and supply-side frictions help explain the variation in CIO pay and the persistent low compensation paid by some plans despite the positive relation between compensation and performance. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Funding: S. Ray gratefully acknowledges a summer research grant from the Culverhouse College of Business at the University of Alabama. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4554 .
General Edge Assembly Crossover-Driven Memetic Search for Split Delivery Vehicle Routing
Authors: He Pengfei , Hao Jin-Kao 
Published: October 2022

The split delivery vehicle routing problem is a variant of the well-known vehicle routing problem, where each customer can be visited by several vehicles. The problem has many practical applications, but it is computationally challenging. This paper presents an effective memetic algorithm for solving the problem with a fleet of limited or unlimited vehicles. The algorithm features a general edge assembly crossover to generate promising offspring solutions from the perspective of assembling suitable edges and an effective local search to improve each offspring solution. The algorithm is further reinforced by a feasibility-restoring procedure, a diversification-oriented mutation, and a quality-and-distance pool updating technique. Extensive experiments on 324 benchmark instances indicate that our algorithm is able to update 143 best upper bounds in the literature and match the best results for 156 other instances. Additional experiments are presented to obtain insight into the roles of the key search ingredients of the algorithm. The method was ranked second in the SDVRP track at the 12th DIMACS Implementation Challenge on Vehicle Routing Problems. Funding: Support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) [Grant 201906850087] for the first author is acknowledged.
Nonlinear error full-field compensation method for phase measuring profilometry
Authors: Xu Cai , Cao Yiping , Cai Wenjuan , Wu Haitao , Li Hongmei , Zhang Hechen , An Haihua 
Published: October 2022

Phase measuring profilometry (PMP) has the highest measuring accuracy
among structured light projection-based three-dimensional (3D) sensing
methods. Due to their low-cost and high-resolution features,
commercial projectors are extensively used in PMP, but they are all
designed with a gamma effect purpose that considers the
characteristics of human vision. Affected by the gamma effect, a set
of phase-shifting sinusoidal deformed patterns captured in PMP may
contain high-order harmonics which lead to nonlinear phase errors.
Then, a novel nonlinear error full-field compensation method is
proposed. First, the unwrapped phases modulated by the reference plane
are measured several times, and their average phase is taken as the
measured phase modulated by the reference plane to eliminate random
errors as much as possible. Second, an expected phase plane is fitted
from this average phase with the least-squares method. Third, the
nonlinear phase error can be detected by subtracting the fitted
expected phase from this average phase. Finally, the full-field
look-up table (LUT) can be established between the nonlinear phase
error and the measured phase. When an object is measured, the
unwrapped phase modulated by the object is taken as the measured phase
of the LUT, so the corresponding nonlinear phase error can be directly
searched in the LUT. In this way, the full-field nonlinear phase error
can be efficiently compensated. Experimental results show the
feasibility and validity of the proposed method. The mean absolute
error (MAE) can be improved from 0.48 mm to 0.06 mm, and
the root mean square error (RMSE) can be improved from 0.55 mm
to 0.07 mm.