bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microtomographic Assessment of the Shaping Ability of the Hyflex CM and XP-endo Shaper Systems in Curved Root Canals
Authors: Dantas Wania Christina Figueiredo , Marceliano-Alves Marilia Fagury Videira , Marceliano Eduardo Fagury Videira , Marques Eduardo Fernandes , de Carvalho Coutinho Thais Machado , Alves Flavio R.F. , Martin Alexandre Sigrist De , Pelegrine Rina Andrea , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Bueno Carlos Eduardo da Silveira 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective This study compared the shaping ability of the Hyflex CM and XP-endo Shaper rotary file systems in curved mesial canals of mandibular molars using micro-computed tomography.
Material and Methods Seventeen mesial roots of extracted first mandibular molars with two independent mesial canals were scanned before and after root canal preparation with the tested rotatory file systems. Each mesial canal from the same specimen was prepared with one of the two systems. The parameters analyzed were canal centering (transportation) for the cervical, middle, and apical segments, as well as for the entire canal (0–10 mm from the apex); and canal volume increase, canal surface area increase, and unprepared canal walls for two segments, 0 to 4 mm and 0 to 10 mm from the apex.
Results There was no significant difference between both systems regarding canal centering (transportation), volume increase, and unprepared canal walls for the 0 to 10 mm segment (p> 0.05); however, a significant difference was observed for the 0 to 4 mm segment (p <0.01), where the Hyflex CM left 28.46% of unprepared walls and XP-endo Shaper left 13.26%.
Conclusions The shaping ability of the two tested rotatory file systems in mesial roots of first mandibular molars was similar for all parameters in all the segments evaluated, except for the 0 to 4 mm segment, where XP-endo Shaper left a smaller area of unprepared canal walls than Hyflex CM.
Analysis of Saliva Composition: Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, Total Protein, and Secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in Rattus norvegicus with Stunted Growth
Authors: Tedjosasongko Udijanto , Nelwan Sindy Cornelia , Wahluyo Soegeng , Puteri Mega Moeharyono , Dewi Ardianti Maartrina , Rahayu Retno Pudji , Ardiwirastuti Ilvana , Ayuningtyas Puspita , Pramudita Regina Ayu , Marwah Aisyah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine total protein, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) levels in the saliva of rats with stunted growth.
Materials and Methods Experimental laboratory research with a pre-and posttest control group design was conducted. Seventeen albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into the control group (eight rats) and the treatment group (nine rats). Rats in the treatment group were exposed to aflatoxin B1 5µg/kg orally for 5 weeks. Anthropometry data (body length, body weight) and saliva of R. norvegicus were collected. The levels of PTHrP and sIgA in the saliva were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for rats and the Bradford test for total protein and analyzed using SPSS 25.0.
Results Aflatoxin caused stunted growth in rats in the treatment group. There was a significant difference in body length, salivary flow, PTHrP, sIgA, and total protein in the treatment group compared with the control group. The average rat's body length change in the control group was 6.4 ± 1.1mm/5 weeks, while in the treatment group, the change was 3.7 ± 0.9 mm /5 weeks. There was no significant weight gain in the treatment group compared with the normal group. The average values of PTHrP, sIgA, and total protein in the control group were x̄0.9, x̄18, and x̄0.7 m./L, respectively, while in the treatment group, they measured x̄0.4, x̄10.7, and x̄0.5 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion This study showed that salivary flow, PTHrP, sIgA, and total protein levels in the saliva were significantly lower in stunted rats compared with normal rats.
An Explainable Knowledge-Based System Using Subjective Preferences and Objective Data for Ranking Decision Alternatives
Authors: Ramisetty Kavya , Christopher Jabez , Panda Subhrakanta , Lazarus Baktha Singh , Dayalan Julie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Allergy is a hypersensitive reaction that occurs when the allergen reacts with the immune system. The prevalence and severity of the allergies are uprising in South Asian countries. Allergy often occurs in combinations which becomes difficult for physicians to diagnose.
Objectives This work aims to develop a decision-making model which aids physicians in diagnosing allergy comorbidities. The model intends to not only provide rational decisions, but also explainable knowledge about all alternatives.
Methods The allergy data gathered from real-time sources contain a smaller number of samples for comorbidities. Decision-making model applies three sampling strategies, namely, ideal, single, and complete, to balance the data. Bayes theorem-based probabilistic approaches are used to extract knowledge from the balanced data. Preference weights for attributes with respect to alternatives are gathered from a group of domain-experts affiliated to different allergy testing centers. The weights are combined with objective knowledge to assign confidence values to alternatives. The system provides these values along with explanations to aid decision-makers in choosing an optimal decision.
Results Metrics of explainability and user satisfaction are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the system in real-time diagnosis. Fleiss' Kappa statistic is 0.48, and hence the diagnosis of experts is said to be in moderate agreement. The decision-making model provides a maximum of 10 suitable and relevant pieces of evidence to explain a decision alternative. Clinicians have improved their diagnostic performance by 3% after using CDSS (77.93%) with a decrease in 20% of time taken.
Conclusion The performance of less-experienced clinicians has improved with the support of an explainable decision-making model. The code for the framework with all intermediate results is available at https://github.com/kavya6697/Allergy-PT.git.
Treatment of Inflammatory Dentigerous Cyst Using a Surgical T Drain in a Child
Authors: Lešin Antonella , Galić Ivan , Tadin Antonija , Vilović Katarina , Jerković Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDentigerous cysts are rarely reported in young children. They are usually asymptomatic and only identified when becoming significantly large. Treatment by enucleation may damage structures like the inferior alveolar nerve, maxillary sinus, or permanent teeth, thus reducing the child's quality of life. Therefore, conservative surgical treatment such as decompression is indicated. This case report describes the treatment and subsequent complete regression of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst based on the decompression method using a customized surgical tube in a 10-year-old girl. The innervation was preserved, and permanent teeth erupted.
Methylene Blue Penetration of Resin Infiltration and Resin Sealant in Artificial White-Spot Lesions
Authors: Klaisiri Awiruth , Vongsang Jarukit , leelaudom Thanach , Krajangta Nantawan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective This study determined the potency of resin infiltrations and resin sealant in impeding microleakage on artificial white-spot lesions (AWL) by methylene blue penetration.
Materials and Methods Eighty AWL specimens were randomly separated into two groups for water storage for 24 hours (groups 1–4) and 20,000 cycles of thermocycling (TC) (groups 5–8). Each group was then separated into four subgroups (n = 10) based on the AWL surface treatments: (1) no Tx, (2) treated with resin infiltration (ICON, DMG, Hamburg, Germany), (3) treated with resin infiltration (Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) barrier coat, SHOFU, Kyoto, Japan), (4) treated with resin sealant (Clinpro sealant, 3M ESPE, Minnesota, United States). Nail varnish was covered to all samples, with the exception of a 4 × 4 mm2 patch on the buccal measurement region, which was subsequently submerged in a 2% methylene blue solution and cut into buccolingual sections. Stereomicroscope measurements were used to calculate methylene blue penetration scores.
Statistical Analysis The Kruskal–Wallis test and the Bonferroni post-hoc correction were performed to evaluate the data.
Results Application of resin infiltrants and resin sealant reduced microleakage in AWL by methylene penetration both before and after thermal cycling. In addition, group 6 (ICON + TC) and group 7 (S-PRG + TC) had a significantly different value from group 8 (sealant + TC).
Conclusion Both the resin infiltration approach and the resin sealant seem to help seal AWL and might perhaps offer long-term defense against microleakage in AWL caused by methylene blue penetration. The greatest sealing and defense for microleakage in AWL were demonstrated by the resin infiltrations.
An infinity of black holes
Authors: Horowitz Gary T , Wang Diandian , Ye Xiaohua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In general relativity (without matter), there is typically a one parameter family of static, maximally symmetric black hole solutions labeled by their mass. We show that there are situations with many more black holes. We study asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions in six and seven dimensions having a conformal boundary which is a product of spheres cross time. We show that the number of families of static, maximally symmetric black holes depends on the ratio, λ, of the radii of the boundary spheres. As λ approaches a critical value, λ

c
, the number of such families becomes infinite. In each family, we can take the size of the black hole to zero, obtaining an infinite number of static, maximally symmetric non-black hole solutions. We discuss several applications of these results, including Hawking–Page phase transitions and the phase diagram of dual field theories on a product of spheres, new positive energy conjectures, and more.
Assessment of the suitability of the chemical reaction pathway algorithm as a reduction method for plasma chemistry
Authors: Tadayon Mousavi S , Gulpen J G M , Graef W A A D , Koelman P M J , Carbone E A D , van Dijk J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Determination of chemical pathways, sets of interlinked reactions, is a well-known method to study complex chemistries. In order to have a trustworthy and accurate method for analysis of chemical processes in complicated systems such as low-temperature plasmas, a used algorithm should keep conservation of necessary parameters during all steps of an analysis. In this research, the introduced algorithm by Lehmann (2004 J. Atmos. Chem.
47 45–78) is chosen as a candidate for studying tangled low-temperature plasma chemistry. As a first step, the ability of the algorithm to keep conservation of reactions rates and net production of species is assessed by designing some artificial examples. In that stage, ambiguous parts of the algorithm are clarified, and test cases are provided to verify implementation of the algorithm in any programming infrastructure. Then, the capability of the algorithm as a reduction method is investigated by applying a newly developed semi-automated method based on pathway analysis to two plasma chemistry examples, a

H
2

O

–

H
e

microwave induced plasma and a pulsed

H
2

plasma.
Convolutional neural network method for damage detection of CFRP in electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Fan Wenru , Qiao Lin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Damage detection is vitally important for carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates. When CFRP laminates are damaged, its impedance property is changed. Based on the electrical properties of CFRP laminates, the changed conductivity distribution can be reconstructed with the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method. The detection method is attractive due to its simple equipment, low cost, and easy operation. However, image reconstruction of EIT faces a serious ill-conditioned nonlinear inverse problem. In order to solve this problem, a feature fusion convolutional neural network based on the dense connection (FF-D) method is applied in EIT to establish the mapping relationship between voltage measurement and conductivity distribution in this paper. The optimization can extract and utilize features to a greater degree and improve reconstruction accuracy and robustness. For the purpose of simulating the electrical properties of CFRP better, the conductivity values measured by an impedance analyzer are used as the data set. The correlation coefficient (CC) and root mean square error (RMSE) are used as indicators to evaluate the quality of image reconstruction. The simulation and experimental results suggest that the FF-D method can reconstruct images better than typical algorithms based on deep learning and conventional algorithms of EIT.
Effect of oxygen partial pressure on the performance of homojunction amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors
Authors: Li Zhi-Yue , Song Shu-Mei , Wang Wan-Xia , Gong Jian-Hong , Tong Yang , Dai Ming-Jiang , Lin Song-Sheng , Yang Tian-Lin , Sun Hui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the homojunction thin-film transistors (TFTs) with amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) as active channel layers and source/drain electrodes were fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering. The effect of oxygen partial pressure on the phase, microstructure, optical and electrical properties of IGZO thin films was investigated. The results showed that amorphous IGZO thin films always exhibit a high transmittance above 90% and wide band gaps of around 3.9 eV. The resistivity increases as the IGZO thin films are deposited at a higher oxygen partial pressure due to the depletion of oxygen vacancies. In addition, the electrical behaviors in homojunction IGZO TFTs were analyzed. When the active channel layers were deposited with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.96%, the homojunction IGZO TFTs exhibited optimal transfer and output characteristics with a field-effect mobility of 13.68 cm2 V−1 s−1. Its sub-threshold swing, threshold voltage and on/off ratio are 0.6 V/decade, 0.61 V and 107, respectively.
Study of magnetoelectrodeposition of lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate leached with sulfuric acid
Authors: Cahyanegoro A. G. , Sudibyo  , Badaruddin M. , Sugiyanto  , Nurjaman Fajar , Supriyatna Yayat Iman , Prasetyo Erik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A rare-earth element (REE) is one of the minerals with many resources in Indonesia and lanthanum is one of REE. Lanthanum is widely used as a material for x-ray screens, glass lenses, optical fiber, capacitor batteries, and ceramics. Electrodeposition is a metal deposition process. The advantages of electrodeposition are easy and inexpensive. The method is simple since it can be done at room temperature, and it is inexpensive because it only requires basic equipment. However, there is a drawback to conventional electrodeposition: the roughness of the resultant layer (non-uniform crystal growth). Magnetoelectrodeposition (MED) is a solution for solving this problem. We employed the MED method in this study, which is the electrodeposition procedure under the influence of a magnetic field, and there has been no previous research on lanthanum MED. The electrode area, magnetic field strength, electroactive concentration, diffusion coefficient, and kinematic electrolyte viscosity were variables used in this study. The lanthanum MED in this study used 98% lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate (LaCl3.7H2O) for analysis from Merck, which was leached at a particular concentration of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), using platinum electrodes in three electrochemical cells, and varying the magnetic field strength from 0 to 0.08 Tesla. The results showed that the stronger the magnetic field, the greater the limiting current for lanthanum electrodeposition. The effect of electrode area and electroactive concentration also gives rise to the limiting current. Meanwhile, the viscosity of the solution and the diffusion coefficient will cause a reduction in limiting the current value.
Tree2GD: a phylogenomic method to detect large-scale gene duplication events
Authors: Chen Duoyuan , Zhang Taikui , Chen Yamao , Ma Hong , Qi Ji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Whole-genome duplication events have long been discovered throughout the evolution of eukaryotes, contributing to genome complexity and biodiversity and leaving traces in the descending organisms. Therefore, an accurate and rapid phylogenomic method is needed to identify the retained duplicated genes on various lineages across the target taxonomy.

Results
Here, we present Tree2GD, an integrated method to identify large-scale gene duplication events by automatically perform multiple procedures, including sequence alignment, recognition of homolog, gene tree/species tree reconciliation, Ks distribution of gene duplicates and synteny analyses. Application of Tree2GD on 2 datasets, 12 metazoan genomes and 68 angiosperms, successfully identifies all reported whole-genome duplication events exhibited by these species, showing effectiveness and efficiency of Tree2GD on phylogenomic analyses of large-scale gene duplications.

Availability and implementation
Tree2GD is written in Python and C++ and is available at https://github.com/Dee-chen/Tree2gd

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
At the center of its world, the U.S. empire forgets itself: Squid Game and the Hollywood press’ melodramatic gaze
Authors: Ra Raymond Kyooyung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article calls attention to a novel form of Orientalist gaze that I call “melodramatic,” characterized by the looking subject’s excessive desire to identify with the looked-at object and to depict itself as the virtuous victim-hero. Analyzing U.S. journalistic commentaries on Squid Game that prescribe Americentric reception of the foreign media text, I argue that the U.S. empire’s melodramatic “main character syndrome” manifests as not only affect but also an imperialist mode of story-telling that assuages its historical guilt and accountability.
Genomic selection for resistance to mammalian bark stripping and associated chemical compounds in radiata pine
Authors: Nantongo Judith S , Potts Brad M , Klápště Jaroslav , Graham Natalie J , Dungey Heidi S , Fitzgerald Hugh , O'Reilly-Wapstra Julianne M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The integration of genomic data into genetic evaluations can facilitate the rapid selection of superior genotypes and accelerate the breeding cycle in trees. In this study, 390 trees from 74 control-pollinated families were genotyped using a 36K Axiom SNP array. A total of 15,624 high-quality SNPs were used to develop genomic prediction models for mammalian bark stripping, tree height, and selected primary and secondary chemical compounds in the bark. Genetic parameters from different genomic prediction methods—single-trait best linear unbiased prediction based on a marker-based relationship matrix (genomic best linear unbiased prediction), multitrait single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction, which integrated the marker-based and pedigree-based relationship matrices (single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction) and the single-trait generalized ridge regression—were compared to equivalent single- or multitrait pedigree-based approaches (ABLUP). The influence of the statistical distribution of data on the genetic parameters was assessed. Results indicated that the heritability estimates were increased nearly 2-fold with genomic models compared to the equivalent pedigree-based models. Predictive accuracy of the single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction was higher than the ABLUP for most traits. Allowing for heterogeneity in marker effects through the use of generalized ridge regression did not markedly improve predictive ability over genomic best linear unbiased prediction, arguing that most of the chemical traits are modulated by many genes with small effects. Overall, the traits with low pedigree-based heritability benefited more from genomic models compared to the traits with high pedigree-based heritability. There was no evidence that data skewness or the presence of outliers affected the genomic or pedigree-based genetic estimates.
A TRiP RNAi screen to identify molecules necessary for Drosophila photoreceptor differentiation
Authors: Rylee Johnathan , Mahato Simpla , Aldrich John , Bergh Emma , Sizemore Brandon , Feder Lauren E , Grega Shaun , Helms Kennedy , Maar Megan , Britt Steven G , Zelhof Andrew C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Drosophila rhabdomeric terminal photoreceptor differentiation is an extended process taking several days to complete. Following ommatidial patterning by the morphogenetic furrow, photoreceptors are sequentially recruited and specified, and terminal differentiation begins. Key events of terminal differentiation include the establishment of apical and basolateral domains, rhabdomere and stalk formation, inter-rhabdomeral space formation, and expression of phototransduction machinery. While many key regulators of these processes have been identified, the complete network of transcription factors to downstream effector molecules necessary for regulating each of these major events remains incomplete. Here, we report an RNAi screen to identify additional molecules and cellular pathways required for photoreceptor terminal differentiation. First, we tested several eye-specific GAL4 drivers for correct spatial and temporal specificity and identified Pph13-GAL4 as the most appropriate GAL4 line for our screen. We screened lines available through the Transgenic RNAi Project and isolated lines that when combined with Pph13-GAL4 resulted in the loss of the deep pseudopupil, as a readout for abnormal differentiation. In the end, we screened 6,189 lines, representing 3,971 genes, and have identified 64 genes, illuminating potential new regulatory molecules and cellular pathways for the differentiation and organization of Drosophila rhabdomeric photoreceptors.
Waveform inversion of large data sets for radially anisotropic Earth structure
Authors: Witek M , Lee S-M , Chang S-J , van der Lee S 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARY
The amount of high-quality seismic data is expanding rapidly, and there is a need for algorithms that take advantage of classical methods to achieve high efficiency using widely available computing power. In this study, we develop a novel waveform inversion method to retrieve radially anisotropic Earth models that can be used to investigate deformation and flow in the mantle. Our method is comprised of two parts: (1) extraction and fitting of the fundamental mode and (2) fitting of the full synthetic waveform. The waveform inversion method results in path average model constraints with uniquely determined independent uncertainties. We demonstrate through synthetic testing that the method is able to retrieve radially anisotropic perturbations down to the mantle transition zone, and leakage effects due to ignoring P-wave anisotropy are minimal. We apply the method to ∼16 000 waveforms generated by earthquakes occurring in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) region, and we demonstrate that the subsequent linear inversion of radially anisotropic path constraints produces models that are similar to those resulting from full waveform adjoint tomography methods. We validate our model by predicting waveforms for earthquakes not included in our inversion, and we show that our method is able to extract structural information. Our results indicate low-velocity anomalies and weak radial anisotropy in NE Japan, which may be due to competing influences from ascending fluids and/or melts and horizontal flow in the lower crust and upper mantle. In the southern East Sea, we image low velocities and relatively high radial anisotropy, which may reflect high temperatures, shallow dehydration and olivine LPO in the upper mantle.