bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mechanisms underpinning lateral gene transfer between grasses
Authors: Pereira Lara , Christin Pascal‐Antoine , Dunning Luke T. 
Published: December 2022

Societal Impact StatementLateral gene transfer (LGT) refers to the transmission of genetic material without sexual reproduction. LGT is widespread in a number of plant species, including grasses. But how these genes of foreign origin got there is presently unknown. In this review, we show that transformation techniques used to genetically modify organisms could occur in the wild and be responsible for the frequently observed grass‐to‐grass LGTs. The distinction between natural evolutionary processes and genetic engineering might be arbitrary, and its validity will be further debated as agricultural biotechnology becomes more widely used and examples of “natural genetic engineering” through LGT increase.SummaryLateral gene transfer (LGT) is the transmission of genetic material among species without sexual reproduction. LGT was initially thought to be restricted to prokaryotes, but it has since been reported in a wide range of eukaryotes, including plants. Grasses seem to be particularly prone to LGT and frequently exchange genes among species. However, the mechanism(s) facilitating these transfers in this economically and ecologically important group of plants are debated. Here, we review vector‐mediated, direct tissue‐to‐tissue contact, wide‐crossing and reproductive contamination LGT mechanisms and discuss the likelihood of each in light of recent studies. Of particular relevance are transformation approaches that require minimal human intervention to transfer DNA among grasses in the lab that could mimic the mechanisms facilitating grass‐to‐grass LGT in the wild. These approaches include relatively simple techniques, such as pollen tube pathway‐mediated transformation, that take advantage of the permeability of the reproductive process to introduce alien genetic material from a third individual into an embryo. This process could be easily mirrored in the wild where pollen from one species lands on the stigma of another, acting as a source of alien DNA that can ultimately contaminate the reproductive process. This contamination is likely to be prevalent in wind pollinated species such as grasses, where the rates of illegitimate pollination will be high. In conclusion, plant transformation methods requiring minimal intervention are likely paralleled in the wild where they act as the mechanism underpinning LGT between distantly related grass species.
Bleomycin‐induced lung injury: Revisiting an old tool to model group III PH associated with pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Santos‐Ribeiro Diana , Lecocq Marylène , de Beukelaer Michele , Bouzin Caroline , Palmai‐Pallag Mihaly , Yakoub Yousef , Huaux François , Horman Sandrine , Perros Frederic , Pilette Charles , Godinas Laurent 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic disorder of the pulmonary circulation that often associates with other respiratory diseases (i.e., group III PH), leading to worsened symptoms and prognosis, notably when combined with interstitial lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis (PF). PH may lead to right ventricular (RV) failure, which accounts for a substantial part of the mortality in chronic lung disease patients. The disappointing results of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)‐related therapies in patients with PF emphasize the need to better understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms that drive PH development and progression in this specific setting. In this work, we validated an animal model of group III PH associated with PF (PH‐PF), by using bleomycin (BM) intratracheal instillation and characterizing the nature of induced lung and vascular remodeling, including the influence on RV structure and function. To our knowledge, this is the first work describing this dose of BM in Sprague Dawley rats and the effects upon the heart and lungs, using different techniques such as echocardiography, heart catheterization, and histology. Our data shows the successful implementation of a rat model that mimics combined PF‐PH, with most features seen in the equivalent human disease, such as lung and arterial remodeling, increased mPAP and RV dysfunction.
Impediments of product recovery in circular supply chains: Implications for sustainable development
Authors: Agrawal Dindayal , Dwivedi Ashish , Patil Anchal , Paul Sanjoy Kumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProduct recovery has fascinated the concentration of organizations and is prominent among industry practitioners and researchers due to improved environmental concerns, social awareness, and economic benefits. Circular supply chain (CSC) compounds the concept of product recovery in global supply chain management to present a sustainable perspective. Therefore, this study aims to determine impediments of product recovery and CSC toward sustainable production and consumption in the background of manufacturing organizations. This study determines potential impediments from literature and in consultation with experts. Further, a fuzzy VIKOR approach is practiced to prioritize the impediments of product recovery and CSC. Then, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to verify the robustness of the framework attained. The results from the study reflect that “lack of collaboration from supply chain performers”, “lack of tax policies for facilitating CSC models” and “limited expertise, technology, information on CSC practices” are the critical impediments to product recovery in CSCs. The findings of the study could assist industry managers and practitioners in developing procedures and strategies to attain sustainable development.
Phylogenetic revision of Dennstaedtioideae (Dennstaedtiaceae: Polypodiales) with description of Mucura, gen. nov.
Authors: Triana‐Moreno Luz A. , Yañez Agustina , Kuo Li‐Yaung , Rothfels Carl J. , Pena Nelson Túlio L. , Schwartsburd Pedro B. , Sundue Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe undertook a molecular phylogenetic revision of hayscented ferns (Dennstaedtiaceae: Dennstaedtioideae) using four plastid markers. Our sampling represents ca. 40% of the extant diversity and includes the type species for each of the relevant segregate genera. We coded 18 discrete morphological characters which we used to find diagnosable clades. We show that Dennstaedtia is polyphyletic, with the majority of species forming three morphologically distinct clades, but its type (D. flaccida) is nested within Microlepia. As such, we support the conservation of Dennstaedtia with a new type, D. dissecta. Following our results, we develop a classification of four genera: Dennstaedtia, Microlepia, Mucura (gen. nov.) and Sitobolium. Beyond the inclusion of D. flaccida, we propose to maintain Microlepia with its current circumscription. Except for a single adventive species in the Neotropics, Microlepia is a Paleotropical genus of about 60 species diagnosed by their distinctive perispore ornamentation of rodlets, and by petioles that lack epipetiolar buds. Mucura is a Neotropical genus of two species that differ from all other Dennstaedtiaceae by the combination of dichotomously branching rhizomes, petioles that lack epipetiolar buds, marginal sori with both abaxial and adaxial indusia, and trilete spores with a unique perispore ornamentation. As defined here, Dennstaedtia is a pantropical genus of about 55 species recognized by having unbranched rhizomes, petioles bearing epipetiolar buds, and by often bearing proliferous buds upon the leaves. Sitobolium is a small clade of ca. five species distinguished by their relatively small leaves that have elongate catenate hairs. These hairs often bear a capitate non‐glandular terminal cell. In support of our classification, we provide a key to the eleven genera of Dennstaedtiaceae, and for the four genera of Dennstaedtioideae we provide morphological and geographic synopses, a list of constituent species, and necessary new combinations.
Tissue sealing versus suture ligation in open canine ovariectomy: Surgical times, intraoperative nociceptive response and frequency of complications
Authors: Cicirelli Vincenzo , Burgio Matteo , Carbonari Alice , Lacalandra Giovanni M , Aiudi Giulio G 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we compared two different techniques currently used for open canine ovariectomy: traditional method utilising absorbable suture and vessel sealing device (ENSEAL®Ethicon Endo‐Surgery, Cincinnati, OH).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the surgical times, intraoperative nociceptive response and the frequency of intraoperative complications in the canine ovariectomy procedure using these two techniques.MethodsForty bitches were randomly divided into two groups. The Control Group (C) will use a classic open surgery approach using ligatures with absorbable suture and ovarian resection with a scalpel blade. In the Group E, resection of ovarian structures was performed with ENSEAL®tissue sealer device. For each dog the surgical times, the intraoperative nociceptive response (measuring heart rate, respiratory rate and non‐invasive blood pressure) and the intraoperative complications were measured to compare the effectiveness of the two techniques.ResultsThe results of this study showed that the procedures performed using ENSEAL®were faster than the traditional techniques using surgical suture. Instead, the results regarding the nociception and the safety of the two procedures are similar.ConclusionsThe present study shows that the use of ENSEAL®significantly shortened the surgical time. Meanwhile, its use was found to be similarly safe and efficient in terms of intra‐operative nociception, as the classical techniques with absorbable suture. Canine ovariectomy using ENSEAL®device is more practical and faster than the traditional technique; the routine use of this device is considered a useful alternative for the canine neutering.
The effect of acidifier supplementation on egg production performance and intestinal histology of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Aliverdi‐Nasab Kimia , Zhandi Mahdi , Yousefi Ali Reza , Zahedi Vahid , Rafieian‐Naeini Hamid Reza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcidifier are substances with antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, performance and health benefits that are frequently employed in feed acidification, especially in poultry diet. Meanwhile, the most important factor for acidifier efficiency is the proportion of different acids in the final product.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of a commercial acidifier on egg production and histology of the small intestine in laying Japanese quail.MethodsOne‐hundred and sixty female quails at 15 weeks of age were divided into four groups and fed basal diet supplemented with different levels of acidifier (0, 1, 2 and 3 gr acidifier/kg of basal diet) for 8 weeks. Egg production, egg quality attributes and body weight (BW) were measured every 2 weeks. Histology of the small intestine and bacterial population of cecum as well as pH of crop, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum contents were also investigated at the end of the experiment.ResultsFeed conversion ratio (FCR), yolk height, shell thickness, pH of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum; duodenum, villus width (VW), villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD); jejunum VH, VW and ileum VH to CD ratio (VCR) were linearly improved by the increasing levels of acidifier supplementation (P < 0.05). Duodenum VH increased in a linear and quadratic manner in response to increasing levels of acidifier. Egg weight, yolk diameter, jejunum CD, ileum CD, ileum VW, duodenum CD and jejunum VCR quadratically improved by grading levels of acidifier (P < 0.01). BW, albumen height, Haugh unit, ileum VH and ileum VCR were cubically enhanced (P < 0.05). Acidifier supplementation enhanced egg production, FCR, jejunum, ileum and cecum pH and VH, CD and VW of duodenum and jejunum, compared to the control group (P < 0.05); however, dietary acidifier did not affect egg mass, gizzard pH, ileum VH and bacterial count of the cecum (P > 0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, as calculated, the supplementation of 1 and 2.6 g acidifier per kg of diet was associated with beneficial effects on egg production and quality, gastrointestinal tract pH and histology of the small intestine in laying quails.
School of Thrombectomy—A 3-Step Approach to Perform Acute Stroke Treatment with Simulator Training and Virtual Supervision by Remote Streaming Support (RESS)
Authors: Paech Daniel , Lehnen Nils , Lakghomi Asadeh , Schievelkamp Arndt , Gronemann Christian , Bode Felix J. , Radbruch Alexander , Dorn Franziska 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the number of neurointerventional procedures continues to increase, so does the need for well-trained neurointerventionalists. The purpose of this work was to establish and assess a systematic 3‑step approach to perform acute stroke treatment including simulator training and virtual supervision by remote streaming support (RESS). Five trainees (four men, one women) who have completed the 3‑step approach have answered an 11-item questionnaire (5-point Likert scale) in order to evaluate training step 1 (simulator). Furthermore, all trainees and one supervisor (female) answered a standardized questionnaire following the initial 15 consecutive thrombectomies for each trainee, corresponding to a total of 75 thrombectomies. The simulator training yielded learning benefits and confidence gain to perform MT on patients. The RESS approach facilitated the translation during the first independently performed thrombectomies on patients. In summary, the presented 3‑step approach increases the level of safety, as reported by the trainees and supervisor in this study and may enable an accelerated training of neurointerventionalists.
Professional practice and awareness of child abuse among radiologists and radiologic technologists: results from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Nasser M. , Paddock Michael , Jeanes Annmarie , Shuweihdi Farag , Offiah Amaka C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The knowledge, awareness and professionalism of health care providers in the field of child protection are crucial in identifying and reporting suspected child abuse. Radiologic technologists and radiologists play a vital role in the diagnosis of suspected physical child abuse.

Objective
To assess current practice, knowledge and awareness of child abuse among radiologic technologists and radiologists in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods
We distributed an internet-based questionnaire to radiologic technologists and radiologists working in Saudi Arabia via national radiology societies and social media channels over a 6-week period (27 October to 8 December 2021). Survey questions covered knowledge regarding child abuse, professional practice in radiology departments in Saudi Arabia in cases of suspected physical abuse (SPA), and knowledge of the national legislation and reporting and acting procedures in child abuse.

Results
A total of 315 respondents (224 radiologic technologists and 91 radiologists) participated in this study. The median score for knowledge of abuse was higher amongst radiologists (4.8) than radiologic technologists (4.0); P < 0.001. In total, 210 (93.8%) radiologic technologists and 61 (67.0%) radiologists reported that there was no protocol (i.e. skeletal survey) at their hospital for imaging children with SPA. Most radiologic technologists had no training in paediatric radiology (165/224, 73.7%) and most radiologists had received no training in evaluating imaging performed for SPA (73/91, 80.2%). More than half of respondents — 131 (58.5%) radiologic technologists and 44 (48.4%) radiologists — were not familiar with the reporting and acting procedures at their hospitals in cases of child abuse.

Conclusion
Although radiologic technologists and radiologists in Saudi Arabia have good knowledge and awareness of child abuse in general, they lack specific knowledge of the reporting and acting procedures at their hospitals in cases of suspected child abuse. National imaging guidelines and training courses are needed to develop appropriate skills in the recognition, imaging and reporting of SPA in infants and young children in Saudi Arabia.
Clinical applications of the mastoid emissary vein
Authors: Zhou Wei , Di Guangfu , Rong Jun , Hu Zongwen , Tan Mingze , Duan Kaiqiang , Jiang Xiaochun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
During retrosigmoid craniotomy, the mastoid emissary vein (MEV) can be a source of considerable bleeding during the operation, especially when the larger diameter MEV or sigmoid sinus is torn. In this study, we evaluated the relevant structure of the MEV for their anatomy and applied the data in surgery to summarize their clinical significance.

Methods
The posterior craniocervical regions of 15 silicon-injected Chinese human cadaver specimens were dissected to expose the MEV and adjacent structures. Fifty-one patients who were scheduled to undergo retrosigmoid craniotomy were selected. All patients underwent preoperative routine CT of the head. The relevant data were collected on cadaveric anatomy and CT. Eventually, all patients underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy and the MEV was observed during the operation.

Results
In cadaver specimens, the prevalence of the MEV was 90.0%. It originated from the middle and lower parts of the posterior wall of the sigmoid sinus and extended in the posterior direction in the mastoid process, usually having 1–2 external openings (86.7%) and only 1 internal opening. The intraosseous courses of the MEV were classified as straight and curved. The straight type accounted for 57.9%, and the curved type for 42.1%. The mean diameter of the MEV was 1.84 ± 0.85 mm, and the straight length of the MEV inside the mastoid process was 11.93 ± 3.58 mm. In 16.7% and 6.7% of all cadaver specimens, the MEV diameter was greater than 2.5 and 4 mm, respectively. In 51 patients (bilateral), routine head CT scan showed the MEV in 49.0% of the patients, and the MEV diameter was greater than 2.5 and 4 mm, respectively, in 17.6% (18/102) and 3.9% (4/102) of the cases. During surgery (unilateral) in the 51 patients, 48 had the MEV and 3 had no MEV. None of the patients had sigmoid sinus tears or massive bleeding.

Conclusion
In the process of retrosigmoid craniotomy, detailed anatomical knowledge of the MEV, well-planned CT scan, and meticulous microsurgical techniques are key for successful operation, which can reduce the occurrence of complications.
Brain deposition of gadobutrol in children—a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI T1 mapping study
Authors: Gräfe Daniel , Simion Stefan-Horia , Rosolowski Maciej , Merkenschlager Andreas , Frahm Jens , Voit Dirk , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Depositions of linear gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents are readily visible in T1-weighted MRIs of certain brain regions in both adults and children. Macrocyclic contrast agents such as gadobutrol have so far escaped detection by qualitative MRI in children. This study aimed to assess whether there is evidence for deposition of gadobutrol in children using quantitative T1 mapping.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients, naive to other gadolinium-based contrast agents than gadobutrol, who had received gadobutrol as part of a clinically indicated MRI. For each patient, T1 relaxation times at 3 T were measured using single-shot T1 mapping at two time points. In each of six brain regions, age-adjusted T1 relaxation times were correlated with a number of previous gadobutrol administrations. To combine interindividual, cross-sectional effects with intraindividual, longitudinal effects, both linear mixed model and generalized additive mixed model were applied.

Results
One hundred four examinations of 52 children (age median 11.4, IQR 6.3–15, 26 female) with a median of 7 doses of gadobutrol in the history of their neurological or neurooncological disease were included. After correction for age and indeterminate disease-related effects to T1 time, a negative correlation of T1 time with the number of gadobutrol doses administered was observed in both mixed models in the putamen (beta − 1.65, p = .03) and globus pallidus (beta − 1.98, p = .012)

Conclusions
The results indicate that in children, gadobutrol is deposited in the globus pallidus and putamen.

Key Points
• Previous gadobutrol administration correlates with reduced T1 relaxation times in the globus pallidus and putamen in children.
• This decreased T1 might be caused by gadobutrol retention within these gray-matter nuclei.
Fluid Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) Versus Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scars: A Comparative Study
Authors: Diab Nagwa Ali Fahmy , Ibrahim Al-shimaa M. , Abdallah Aya Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPlatelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second-generation platelet concentrate, was developed for the purpose of overcoming the limitations of Platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRF can produce a higher cumulative release of growth factors than PRP. Also, this release is slow and prolonged, making it ideal for tissue regeneration and growth stimulation. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fluid PRF either alone or combined with needling versus PRP in the treatment of atrophic acne scars. A comparative study including 30 patients with atrophic acne scars who were divided into two equal groups. Group I included 15 patients in which the left side of the face was treated with intradermal injection of PRP while the right side was treated with combined needling with PRP. Group II included15 patients in which the left side of the face was treated with intradermal injection of fluid PRF while the right side was treated with combined needling with fluid PRF. All patients received four sessions with 3 weeks interval. The acne scars significantly improved in both sides of face in both groups. According to quartile grading scale and patient satisfaction; the therapeutic response was significantly higher in PRF group than PRP either alone or combined with needling. The combination with needling increases efficacy of PRF and PRP. Fluid PRF is highly effective, safe and simple procedure that can be used instead of PRP in the treatment of acne scars.