bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic and cardiac iron overload quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in patients on hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Yassin Mohamed A. , Abd‐Alrazaq Alaa , Shuweihdi Farag , Othman Muftah , Abdul Rahim Hanan F. , Shraim Mujahed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionFew studies have reported hepatic and cardiac iron overload in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), and the current evidence regarding the prevalence is still scarce.AimThis review aims to estimate the prevalence of hepatic and/or cardiac iron overload quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ESRD who receive hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), or have undergone a kidney transplant.MethodsA systematic review with meta‐analysis was conducted and reported in line with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis) guidelines. MEDLINE and Embase bibliographic databases were searched using a comprehensive list of controlled vocabulary and keywords to identify relevant studies. All studies reporting the prevalence of hepatic and/or cardiac iron overload quantified by MRI in ESRD patients were considered. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. To investigate the heterogeneity between studies, random‐effect meta‐analyses for proportions were used.ResultsThe review comprised seven studies that included 339 patients. Using meta‐analysis, the pooled prevalence of severe and mild to moderate hepatic iron overload quantified by MRI was 0.23 [95% CI: 0.08–0.43] and 0.52 [95% CI: 0.47–0.57], respectively. Only three studies included cardiac iron quantification, and none reported iron overload.ConclusionsThis review has revealed a high prevalence of severe hepatic iron overload in patients with ESRD treated by HD. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to determine the impact of iron overload on vital organs in patients with ESRD and guide future research in this understudied field. Proper use of iron chelation and continuous monitoring will help in the early detection of unsolicited complications; however, the low renal clearance of most iron chelators limits the options for treating iron excess in patients with ESRD.
Intranasal therapeutic vaccine containing HBsAg and HBcAg for patients with chronic hepatitis B; 18 months follow‐up results of phase IIa clinical study
Authors: Yoshida Osamu , Akbar Sheikh Mohammad Fazle , Imai Yusuke , Sanada Takahiro , Tsukiyama‐Kohara Kyoko , Miyazaki Takashi , Kamishita Taizou , Miyake Teruki , Tokumoto Yoshio , Hikita Hayato , Tsuge Masataka , Shimizu Masahito , Al Mahtab Mamun , Aguilar Julio Cesar , Guillen Gerardo , Kohara Michinori , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsHBsAg loss with anti‐HBs acquisition is considered a functional cure and ideal treatment goal for patients with CHB. Our group have reported the efficacy of therapeutic vaccine with HBsAg and HBcAg (NASVAC) by intranasal and subcutaneous injection. In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of newly developed CVP‐NASVAC, which contained NASVAC with mucoadhesive carboxyl vinyl polymer (CVP) in the dedicated device.MethodsA single dose, open‐label, phase IIa clinical trial of CVP‐NASVAC was conducted. Patients with CHB treated with nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (NAs) and HBV carriers not undergoing anti‐HBV treatment were enrolled. CVP‐NASVAC was injected through the nose for, in total, 10 times. Participants were followed‐up for 18 months, and their HBsAg reduction and anti‐HBs induction assessed as endpoints.ResultsAmong the patients with CHB treated with NAs (n = 27) and HBV carriers without NAs (n = 36), 74.1% and 75.0% exhibited reductions in their baseline HBsAg, and the mean reductions were −0.1454 log10 IU/ml (p < 0.05) and −0.2677 log10 IU/ml (p < 0.05), respectively. Anti‐HBs antibody was detected in 40.7% and 58.3% of patients treated with and without NAs, respectively. Six of 71 (9.5%) patients were functionally cured after the CVP‐NASVAC treatment.ConclusionsAnti‐HBs induction and HBsAg reduction was observed after CVP‐NASVAC treatment in some patients with CHB. The CVP‐NASVAC is a safe treatment, which might expect to achieve functional cure for patients with CHB.
Linking maternal psychopathology to children's excessive crying and sleeping problems in a large representative German sample—The mediating role of social isolation and bonding difficulties
Authors: Lux Ulrike , Müller Mitho , Reck Corinna , Liel Christoph , Walper Sabine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAttaining self‐regulation is a major developmental task in infancy, in which many children show transient difficulties. Persistent, clinically relevant difficulties in self‐regulation include excessive crying or sleeping disorders. Many families with affected children are burdened with multiple psychosocial risk. This suggests that regulatory problems are best conceptualized as the maladaptive interplay of overly burdened parents and a dysfunctional parent–child interaction. The current study examines whether social isolation and bonding difficulties function as mediating mechanisms linking maternal psychopathology to (1) children's excessive crying and (2) sleeping problems. The sample comprised N = 6598 mothers (M = 31.51 years) of children between zero to three years of age (M = 14.08 months, 50.1% girls). In addition to socio demographic data, the written questionnaire included information on maternal depression/anxiety, isolation, bonding, and children's regulatory problems. Hypotheses were tested with a mediation model controlling for psychosocial risk and child characteristics. As expected, maternal symptoms of depression/anxiety were linked to infants‘ excessive crying and sleeping problems. Social isolation and bonding difficulties mediated this association for excessive crying as well as for sleeping problems, but social isolation was a single mediator for sleeping problems only. The findings provide important insights in the mediating pathways linking maternal psychopathology to children's regulatory problems.
Application of the free‐style brachial artery perforator based propellar flap in the management of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Datli Asli , Demirel Oguzhan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease often requiring surgical intervention in extensive lesions. Total of seven axillary lesion with HS was treated with free‐style perforator based propeller flaps (innominate perforator originating from the brachial artery) after complete excision. The flap design mimicked the axis and design of the brachioplasty surgery. The flaps were elevated and after obliterating the defect, the remnant flap was discarded and donor site was primarily closed. All flaps were performed successfully and HS did not recur in any of the patients. In addition, the operated limb also showed a reduction of arm circumference of more than 5 cm. This is the first report using the free‐style perforator based propeller flap to reconstruct the axillary HS. It is a simple and a reliable approach yielding good functional and aesthetic outcome with additional advantages of providing a brachioplasty.
Association between employment status and quality of life for individuals with intellectual or developmental disability
Authors: Randall Kristina N. , Bernard Gerald , Durah Lois 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current study examined how employment conditions (competitive employment, work center employment, unemployment) are associated with the quality of life (QoL) for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities. Using the Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale – Intellectual/Cognitive Disability (5th Edition; ComQoL‐I5; Cummins, 1997a) to measure objective QoL factors, and the PWI‐ID (Personal Wellbeing Index – Intellectual Disability, 3rd Edition; Cummins & Lau, 2005b) to measure subjective well‐being, participants answered self‐reporting questions regarding the seven QoL domains. Kruskal–Wallis H for Oneway Analysis of Variance was used to determine statistical significance between comparison work conditions. Results indicate significant findings in the objective QoL domains of Material Well‐Being, Productivity, and Safety between the work conditions for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, with participants in the competitive‐employment group reporting the highest QoL objective scores in these areas. Implications of these findings for practice and research are discussed.
GhAP1‐D3 positively regulates flowering time and early maturity with no yield and fiber quality penalties in upland cotton
Authors: Wang Caixiang , Liu Juanjuan , Xie Xiaoyu , Wang Ji , Ma Qi , Chen Pengyun , Yang Delong , Ma Xiongfeng , Hao Fushun , Su Junji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlowering time (FTi) is a major factor determining how quickly cotton plants reach maturity. Early maturity greatly affects lint yield and fiber quality and is crucial for mechanical harvesting of cotton in northwestern China. Yet, few quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genes regulating early maturity have been reported in cotton, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we characterized 152, 68, and 101 loci that were significantly associated with the three key early maturity traits—FTi, flower and boll period (FBP) and whole growth period (WGP), respectively, via four genome‐wide association study methods in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We focused on one major early maturity‐related genomic region containing three single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosome D03, and determined that GhAP1‐D3, a gene homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana APETALA1 (AP1), is the causal locus in this region. Transgenic plants overexpressing GhAP1‐D3 showed significantly early flowering and early maturity without penalties for yield and fiber quality compared to wild‐type (WT) plants. By contrast, the mutant lines of GhAP1‐D3 generated by genome editing displayed markedly later flowering than the WT. GhAP1‐D3 interacted with GhSOC1 (SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1), a pivotal regulator of FTi, both in vitro and in vivo. Changes in GhAP1‐D3 transcript levels clearly affected the expression of multiple key flowering regulatory genes. Additionally, DNA hypomethylation and high levels of H3K9ac affected strong expression of GhAP1‐D3 in early‐maturing cotton cultivars. We propose that epigenetic modifications modulate GhAP1‐D3 expression to positively regulate FTi in cotton through interaction of the encoded GhAP1 with GhSOC1 and affecting the transcription of multiple flowering‐related genes. These findings may also lay a foundation for breeding early‐maturing cotton varieties in the future.
Role of astroglial ACBP in energy metabolism flexibility and feeding responses to metabolic challenges in male mice
Authors: Bouyakdan Khalil , Manceau Romane , Robb Josephine L. , Rodaros Demetra , Fulton Stephanie , Alquier Thierry 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAcyl‐CoA binding protein (ACBP), also known as diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI), has recently emerged as a hypothalamic and brainstem gliopeptide regulating energy balance. Previous work has shown that the ACBP‐derived octadecaneuropeptide exerts strong anorectic action via proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron activation and the melanocortin‐4 receptor. Importantly, targeted ACBP loss‐of‐function in astrocytes promotes hyperphagia and diet‐induced obesity while its overexpression in arcuate astrocytes reduces feeding and body weight. Despite this knowledge, the role of astroglial ACBP in adaptive feeding and metabolic responses to acute metabolic challenges has not been investigated. Using different paradigms, we found that ACBP deletion in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐positive astrocytes does not affect weight loss when obese male mice are transitioned from a high fat diet to a chow diet, nor metabolic parameters in mice fed with a normal chow diet (e.g., energy expenditure, body temperature) during fasting, cold exposure and at thermoneutrality. In contrast, astroglial ACBP deletion impairs meal pattern and feeding responses during refeeding after a fast and during cold exposure, thereby showing that ACBP is required to stimulate feeding in states of increased energy demand. These findings challenge the general view that astroglial ACBP exerts anorectic effects and suggest that regulation of feeding by ACBP is dependent on metabolic status.
Identities as predictors of vaccine hesitancy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Heiman Samantha L. , Hirt Edward R. , Isch Calvin , Brinkworth Jessica F. , Cronk Lee , Alcock Joe , Aktipis Athena , Todd Peter M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVaccine hesitancy is variable across individuals and contexts. Theoretical work suggests that group membership should differentially affect attitudes and behavior related to COVID‐19 vaccines, as individuals draw on their identities and experiences relevant to their social groups to deal with uncertainty concerning the vaccines. The present work uses longitudinal survey data to explore how identity predicted vaccination attitudes in the U.S. before COVID‐19 vaccines were widely available and which role‐based or contextual variables influenced early vaccination decisions. We replicate these patterns in hesitancy with a larger and more racially diverse sample and identify whether encouragement from people with shared identities was important when participants made the decision to be vaccinated. Before the vaccines were widely available, higher SES predicted less hesitancy toward the COVID‐19 vaccines, while being Black and/or having more conservative political orientation predicted more hesitancy. More conservative political orientation was a predictor of vaccine hesitancy across racial identities. While rationale for mistrust may vary by identity, vaccine trust is a significant predictor of early vaccination, and it is influenced by local norms surrounding the COVID‐19 vaccines. Encouragement from shared group members was more important for women, liberal individuals, and younger individuals in making the decision to be vaccinated.
This is what you came for? University–industry collaborations and follow‐on inventions by the firm
Authors: Anckaert Paul‐Emmanuel , Peeters Hanne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe positive impact of university–industry collaborations on firms' innovative performance is well recognized. However, to date, the existing heterogeneity within university–industry collaboration processes and the sources of value creation underlying the resulting inventions are left underexplored. As a result, our understanding as to why some of the joint inventions resulting from such collaborations turn out to present a more fertile source of follow‐on developments and value for the collaborating firm than others is limited. The present paper sheds light on this question through the application of a knowledge recombination perspective. Hence, we open the black box of innovation and put a spotlight on the knowledge components that make up the joint inventions resulting from university–industry collaborations. We evaluate how the nature—scientific versus technological—and origins—internal versus external to the collaborating partners—of these knowledge components relate to the inventive impact of the partners' joint invention. Examining a sample of 9102 USPTO co‐patents, joint inventions created through university–industry collaborations are shown to be most fertile as a source of firm follow‐on inventions when they are the result of a recombination process that includes technological knowledge components stemming from both collaborating partners. This effect is most pronounced when the partners' technological knowledge contributions are moderately similar. In contrast, when the joint technology development takes place in a technology domain that is novel to the firm, the resulting joint inventions are most fertile as a source of firm follow‐on inventions when the university contributes through the input of technological knowledge components situated in exactly this technology domain that is novel to the firm. Remarkably, no evidence for such direct effects is found regarding the partners' scientific contributions. Together, these findings provide important insights for firms who intend to spur their internal technology development through collaboration with a university partner.
Macrophages contribute to periodontal wound healing mainly in the tissue proliferation stage
Authors: Chen Bin , Li Songying , Chang Yaqin , Zhang Jiading , Liu Jiaying , Dong Yingchun , Yan Fuhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the preliminary role of macrophages in different stages of periodontal healing.BackgroundMacrophages are promising target cells for periodontal regeneration. However, the stage at which they play a more important role during periodontal repair has not been elucidated till date.MethodsFirst, the dynamic changes in M1 and M2 macrophages were analyzed in a rat periodontal‐defect model at Days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post‐surgery. Macrophages were then depleted after 1, 6, and 14 days of surgery, and the healing results were evaluated via micro‐computed tomography and histopathological detection. Finally, the effects of M1 and M2 macrophages on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were verified in vitro.ResultsDuring natural periodontal healing, the number of M1 macrophages increased the most during the early stage of healing (3 days post‐operation), and subsequently, it decreased rapidly. The number of M2 macrophages was at its peak during the middle and late stages of tissue healing (5–21 days post‐surgery). Interestingly, the highest number of M2 macrophages was observed at 5–14 days post‐operation in the alveolar bone, while it was observed at 21 days post‐operation in the cementum area. On the first and 14th day post‐operation, the clearance of macrophages had no significant effect on tissue healing; however, on the sixth day post‐operation, macrophage depletion significantly inhibited tissue regeneration (p < .05). In vitro studies showed that M2 macrophages, rather than M1 macrophages, could significantly promote the proliferation of MSCs (p < .01).ConclusionIt is better to intervene in tissue proliferation phase when a M2 macrophage regulation‐based periodontal regenerative therapy is planned in the future.
The role of sleep and dreams in long‐COVID
Authors: Scarpelli Serena , De Santis Alessandra , Alfonsi Valentina , Gorgoni Maurizio , Morin Charles M. , Espie Colin , Merikanto Ilona , Chung Frances , Penzel Thomas , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Dauvilliers Yves , Holzinger Brigitte , Wing Yun K. , Partinen Markku , Plazzi Giuseppe , De Gennaro Luigi 
Published: November 2022

SummaryRecent investigations show that many people affected by SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) report persistent symptoms 2–3 months from the onset of the infection. Here, we report the Italian findings from the second International COVID‐19 Sleep Study survey, aiming to investigate sleep and dream alterations in participants with post‐acute symptoms, and identify the best determinants of these alterations among patients with long‐COVID. Data from 383 participants who have had COVID‐19 were collected through a web‐survey (May–November 2021). Descriptive analyses were performed to outline the sociodemographic characteristics of long‐COVID (N = 270, with at least two long‐lasting symptoms) and short‐COVID (N = 113, with none or one long‐lasting symptom) participants. They were then compared concerning sleep and dream measures. We performed multiple linear regressions considering as dependent variables sleep and dream parameters discriminating the long‐COVID group. Age, gender, work status, financial burden, COVID‐19 severity and the level of care were significantly different between long‐COVID and short‐COVID subjects. The long‐COVID group showed greater sleep alterations (sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, sleep inertia, naps, insomnia, sleep apnea, nightmares) compared with the short‐COVID group. We also found that the number of long‐COVID symptoms, psychological factors and age were the best explanatory variables of sleep and oneiric alterations. Our findings highlight that sleep alterations are part of the clinical presentation of the long‐COVID syndrome. Moreover, psychological status and the number of post‐acute symptoms should be considered as state‐like variables modulating the sleep problems in long‐COVID individuals. Finally, according to previous investigations, oneiric alterations are confirmed as a reliable mental health index.
“Maybe we should take the legal ways”: Citizen engagement with lower state courts in post-war northern Uganda
Authors: Macdonald Anna , Cooper-Knock SJ , Hopwood Julian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLower state courts are the focus of both international and national access to justice policies and programs but remain understudied in Uganda. Drawing on 3 years of ethnographically informed research on citizen engagement with a busy magistrates' court in post-war northern Uganda, we show the diverse reasons why citizens appeal to the rule-of-law in places where state authority is contested. In a context of limited statehood, against a backdrop of high-levels of corruption and inefficiency in the judicial system, people turn to lower state courts for normative, pragmatic, and tactical reasons that are not well captured by conventional measures of procedural justice. Our findings extend theory on citizen-authority relations in a global context, shedding light on contextual meanings of legitimacy, trust, and corruption in places where lower state courts are deeply problematic sites for achieving justice.
Cortactin: A universal host cytoskeletal target of Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacterial pathogens
Authors: Sharafutdinov Irshad , Knorr Jakob , Rottner Klemens , Backert Steffen , Tegtmeyer Nicole 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPathogenic bacteria possess a great potential of causing infectious diseases and represent a serious threat to human and animal health. Understanding the molecular basis of infection development can provide new valuable strategies for disease prevention and better control. In host‐pathogen interactions, actin‐cytoskeletal dynamics play a crucial role in the successful adherence, invasion, and intracellular motility of many intruding microbial pathogens. Cortactin, a major cellular factor that promotes actin polymerization and other functions, appears as a central regulator of host‐pathogen interactions and different human diseases including cancer development. Various important microbes have been reported to hijack cortactin signaling during infection. The primary regulation of cortactin appears to proceed via serine and/or tyrosine phosphorylation events by upstream kinases, acetylation, and interaction with various other host proteins, including the Arp2/3 complex, filamentous actin, the actin nucleation promoting factor N‐WASP, focal adhesion kinase FAK, the large GTPase dynamin‐2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2, and the actin‐stabilizing protein CD2AP. Given that many signaling factors can affect cortactin activities, several microbes target certain unique pathways, while also sharing some common features. Here we review our current knowledge of the hallmarks of cortactin as a major target for eminent Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacterial pathogens in humans.