bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Bisphosphonate Drug Holidays in the Management of Osteoporosis
Authors: Kim Sandra , Lau Adrian 
Published: January 2025

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disorder of compromised bone strength leading to an increased risk of fragility fractures, particularly with advancing age. More than 2 million Canadians are living with osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures are associated with considerable morbidity, increased mortality, and high economic burden to the healthcare system. The ultimate goal of osteoporosis pharmacotherapy is to reduce the risk of fragility fractures.
Bisphosphonates are the most widely used first-line medications for osteoporosis due to their robust anti-fracture efficacy and favourable safety profile, as demonstrated in short-term randomized placebo-controlled trials of 3-years duration with fracture outcome assessed as the primary endpoint. However, the optimal duration of bisphosphonate therapy has been questioned regarding their long‑term efficacy and safety given their long half‑life in bone. Prolonged use is associated with very rare but serious adverse complications such as atypical femoral fracture (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Moreover, while extension trials indicate that long‑term bisphosphonate therapy helps maintain bone density, the evidence supporting further fracture risk reduction with prolonged treatment is less convincing. Regarding concerns about rare adverse effects and the attenuated benefit-to-risk ratio with long‑term use, several professional organizations have issued guidelines suggesting bisphosphonate drug holidays. This approach aims to minimize prolonged exposure and mitigate rare risks while preserving some residual anti-fracture benefits from the persistent drug in the skeleton. Here, we review the role of bisphosphonate drug holidays in the long-term management of osteoporosis, the supporting evidence, recommended guidelines on treatment duration, along with key considerations for implementing a bisphosphonate drug holiday.
Treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome-negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in 2024: A Concise Review
Authors: Rajendra Akhil , Maze Dawn 
Published: January 2025

In 1951, William Dameshek coined the term myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) for diseases characterized by abnormal proliferation of one or more terminally differentiated myeloid cell lines in the peripheral blood.1,2 In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) renamed these disorders as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in recognition of their clonal nature. There are currently two classification system for MPNs: WHO and International Consensus Classification (ICC), 2022.3,4 This review will focus on the Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs, which include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF).
The Evolving Landscape of DLBCL Treatment Beyond the First Line in 2024
Authors: Bosch Mark 
Published: January 2025

The landscape for treating relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 2024 is rapidly evolving, with various treatment options emerging. Traditionally, salvage chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) has been the primary treatment for young, fit patients with R/R DLBCL, and only limited options exist for those ineligible for transplant. However, recent research and regulatory approvals, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell and bispecific antibody therapies, have significantly improved our ability to treat patients previously considered palliative for R/R DLBCL.
Moreover, further research has demonstrated that these advanced technologies are not only effective in the transplant setting but also in individuals who are not traditionally eligible for ASCT and those with comorbid conditions. One anticipated development has been the provincial approvals of bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs), such as epcoritamab and glofitamab, which target CD20 and CD3. BiTE therapy holds promise as an off-the-shelf treatment option, potentially offering wider availability to patients compared to CAR T-celll therapy or even post‑CAR T-cell failure.
ANÁLISE DOS COEFICIENTES TÉRMICOS DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS BIFACIAIS UTILIZANDO SIMULADOR SOLAR E ILUMINAÇÃO NATURAL
Authors: Deckmann Indhirha , Hartmann Mozetic Júlia , Schuck de Oliveira Fernando , Vasconcelos Ellwanger Thiago , Moraes Führ Ingrid , Krenzinger Arno , Perin Gasparin Fabiano 
Published: January 2025

A conversão de energia solar pelos módulos fotovoltaicos é dependente da radiação solar, da posição geográfica, das condições climáticas, temperatura local entre outros fatores sendo que essas variáveis influenciam diretamente o desempenho dos módulos fotovoltaicos. Dentre os fatores que influenciam este desempenho, os coeficientes térmicos (CT) têm papel importante, visto que representam a variação dos parâmetros dos módulos fotovoltaicos em função da temperatura. Para este trabalho foi selecionado um módulo bifacial para fazer a comparação dos coeficientes térmicos determinados pelos métodos indoor e outdoor. No procedimento outdoor o módulo foi caracterizado em um dia de céu limpo e com irradiância solar superior a 900 W/m2. No procedimento indoor foi confeccionado uma câmara termostática e utilizado o simulador SunSim 3c, da empresa suíça Pasan, a fim de determinar os coeficientes na faixa de operação dos módulos de 25 a 65 °C com irradiância de 1000 W/m². Em cada método foram determinados os coeficientes α, β e γ. Há uma diferença mensurável entre os valores dos coeficientes térmicos entre as medidas indoor e outdoor, sendo que as curvas obtidas utilizando a iluminação natural foram corrigidas para irradiação STC. Como apresentado no trabalho, com os ensaios realizados foi possível obter retas de regressão com coeficiente de determinação maiores que 0,99 em praticamente todos os casos, tornando os resultados satisfatórios. O trabalho apresentado possibilitou o aperfeiçoamento e a difusão da metodologia para a comparação de medições dos coeficientes térmicos em simulador solar e iluminação natural, procedimentos essenciais na caraterização dos dispositivos fotovoltaicos. Pesquisas futuras podem abordar o comportamento dos coeficientes térmicos em mais detalhes e ajudar a melhorar a metodologia para a obtenção destes coeficientes de modo mais preciso, dado a sua importância na caracterização dos módulos fotovoltaicos.
Analisis Penerapan Tri Hita Karana Di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan
Authors: Ni Made Putri Dwi Apriliani  , I Wayan Suja  , Ida Bagus Putu Arnyana  
Published: January 2025

Penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti ini berlatar belakang dari sikap keseharian siswa di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sikap siswa sehari-hari di sekolah terkait dengan ajaran Tri Hita Karana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersumber dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka yang dilaksanakan peneliti di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan pemaparan data dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan adalah masih kurangnya penerapan ajaran Tri Hita Karana dalam sikap sehari-hari siswa baik itu dalam ajaran parahyangan, pawongan, dan palemahan, hal ini dibuktikan dari pengamatan dan wawancara yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang ditemukan, diharapkan penelitian ini bisa dijadikan referensi untuk meningkatkan penerapan ajaran Tri Hita Karana di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan.
PENGEMBANGAN PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK MATEMATIKA BERBASIS MODEL PEMECAHAN MASALAH KELAS VIII SMP PADA MATERI STATISTIKA
Authors: Muliadewi Kevin Renata , I Wayan Widana  , I Made Surat  
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-Book matematika berbasis model pemecahan masalah pada materi statistika untuk kelas VIII SMP. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari 2 validator, kemudian terdapat guru mata pelajaran matematika, serta peserta didik kelas VIII A, VIII B dan VIII C. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yakni menggunakan angket validitas untuk uji validitas, angket respon guru dan angket respon peserta didik untuk uji kepraktisan, serta tes untuk uji keefektifan. Hasil analisis data kevalidan 81% untuk validator ahli media dan untuk validator ahli materi 84% sehingga dapat dikategorikan valid. Hasil analisis data kepraktisan saat uji coba lapangan 2 sebesar 93% untuk angket respon guru serta 91% untuk angket respon peserta didik, sehingga dapat dikategorikan sangat praktis. Hasil analisis data keefektifan 91% diperoleh dari hasil tes peserta didik dengan nilai di atas KKM yaitu 70 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Book matematika “sangat efektif”. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Book yang dihasilkan valid, praktis, dan efektif.
PULBIN PEDIA: an Interactive dynamic web as a bioconservation learning resource for preservice science teacher
Authors: Natadiwijaya Ismail Fikri , Yuliana Eva , Sugianto Sugianto , Rachman Dwi Fauzi , Subkhi Nur , Luzyawati Lesy 
Published: January 2025

Bioconservation is an interdisciplinary science whose purpose is to encourage the development of theory and application in conservation areas. Biawak Island is one of the leading conservation areas in the Indramayu district, therefore Bioconservation learning should be done directly on Biawak Island. In practice, studying Bioconservation directly on Biawak Island is difficult because of the long distance and expensive access to this place. Based on these problems, an interactive dynamic web in the form of a digital encyclopedia is a solution for the problem. Digital encyclopedia named “PULBIN PEDIA”. That was implemented in one of the private universities in West Java. The design used is Descriptive Qualitative. A qualitative approach is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behavior. This research was conducted on 24 students who were taking the course of Bioconservation in the academic years of 2023/2024. The results of the analysis from observations found that PULBIN PEDIA is an interactive and dynamic media and can be implemented as an integrated learning resource in Bioconservation lectures because it contains complete and accurate information regarding the location, origin of the name, management, conservation activities, conservation actors and biodiversity on Biawak Island. PULBIN PEDIA also can be implemented as a learning resource in lectures that apply problem-based learning strategies where students can find 3 (three) conservation problems, investigate components that have been conserved, and formulate solutions on how to preserve Biawak Island.
Ultrasound assisted modification of graphite felt with electroless silver – Part 1: composition, morphology, structure and electrical conductivity
Authors: Macijauskienė Brigita , Griškonis Egidijus 
Published: January 2025

The influence of ultrasound action on the modification of graphite felt with the electroless Ag was investigated. It has been gravimetrically estimated that mass fraction (wt.%) of Ag loaded on the surface of graphite felt filaments depends on the ultrasonic impact. The mass fraction of electroless-deposited Ag on the graphite felt filaments in the presence of ultrasound action is 1.6 times higher than the one of graphite felt modified without ultrasound action. The morphology, composition and structure of the internal and external filaments of graphite felt samples modified in the absence and presence of ultrasound action were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. It was found that a more uniform distribution of Ag particles in the whole volume of the graphite felt sample took place when ultrasonication of electroless Ag deposition solution was used. The nanaocrystaline Ag with an average crystallite size of 14 nm was deposited on the surface of graphite felt filaments in the absence of ultrasound action. Meanwhile, the crystallite size of electroless Ag slightly decreased to approximately 11 nm when ultrasonication was used during the deposition process. Uniform deposition of Ag particles of nanometric dimensions in the graphite felt matrix increased the electrical conductivity up to 10.7 S cm–1, and this value is about 1.6 times higher in comparison with conductivity of a bare graphite felt.
Yeast-modified electrodes as amperometric biosensors for glycerophosphate
Authors: Garjonytė Rasa , Melvydas Vytautas , Malinauskas Albertas 
Published: January 2025

Several strains of baker’s and wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and yeast Kluyveromyces lactis were screened for possible sources of the enzyme L-glycero­phosphate oxidase in whole cell amperometric biosensors for glycerophosphate. The sensitivity of a yeast-modified carbon paste electrode to glycerophosphate depended on the yeast sample, the mediator and the mode of electrode preparation. Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) was found to be the most suitable mediator in terms of electrode sensitivity and stability. The best biosensor was based on commercially available baker’s yeast. The detection limit of such electrodes was in the range 33 to 48 μM of D,L-glycerophosphate. The response was linear in the concentration range from 0 to 2.4 mM.
Chromium containing sludge from metal surface treatment processes: stabilization in a ceramic body
Authors: Pileckaitė Justina , Valančienė Virginija , Minikauskas Algirdas , Denafas Gintaras 
Published: January 2025

The effectiveness of stabilization of chromium containing sludge from metal surface treatment processes in a low-melting hydromicaceous clay ceramic body has been estimated. Only the chromium contained in the chromium electroplating process sludge may be stabilized in the hydromicaceous clay ceramic body with 5% and 10% of such sludge additive fired at 1 050 °C to 94.18 and 70.06%, respectively. Stabilization of sludge from the chromate conversion coating process at low temperatures which are typical of easily fusible hydromicaceous clay products is not effective, although the amount of chromium in leachate from the ceramic body with addition of this sludge decreases as the temperature is increased. Therefore the chromium contained in chromate conversion coating sludge is stabilized with the effectiveness of 32.47–79.30% in the ceramic body with addition of 10% of kaolin fired at 1 075–1 100 °C.
Redox reactions and cytotoxicity mechanisms of anticancer aziridinyl-substituted-1,4-benzoquinones: a minireview
Authors: Šarlauskas Jonas , Nemeikaitė-Čėnienė Aušra , Nivinskas Henrikas , Miliukienė Valė , Jarašienė Rasa , Pečiukaitytė Milda , Baltriukienė Daiva , Bukelskienė Virginija , Krikštopaitis Kastis , Čėnas Narimantas 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we summarize the data on the cytotoxicity mechanisms of aziridinyl-substituted-1,4-benzoquinones, which are potentially important antitumor agents known since 1980s. High antitumor activity of aziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinones arises from the combined effects of their two-electron enzymatic reduction into aziridinyl-substituted hydroquinones which alkylate DNA more readily than the parent quinones, the oxidative stress-type cytotoxicity due to the redox cycling of the corresponding quinone free radicals, and the direct alkylation of DNA by the low-potential aziridinyl-benzoquinones. However, it may also cause the undesirable side-effects, i. e. their cytotoxicity in primary mammalian cells. In this context, including our recent findings, we aim to review: i) the redox properties of aziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinones, ii) their reactivity and structure-activity relationships in single- and two-electron reduction by flavoenzymes and related redox systems, iii) the structure-activity relationships in their cytotoxicity, and iv) the mechanisms of the cell death and the expression of signaling proteins under their action.
Synthesis, characterization and properties of the graphene supported platinum–cobalt nanocatalysts
Authors: Jablonskienė Jolita , Kepenienė Virginija , Matusevičiūtė Agnė , Drabavičius Audrius , Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė Loreta , Norkus Eugenijus 
Published: January 2025

The graphene (GR) supported PtCo catalysts with different Pt:Co molar ratios were fabricated by means of the rapid microwave heating method. The size and shape of catalyst nanoparticles were determined by means of Transmission Electron Microscopy. Electrochemical properties of the PtCo/GR catalysts were investigated towards the electro-oxidation of methanol in an acidic medium by means of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The PtCo/GR catalysts with an average Pt particle size of ca. 1–3 nm were synthesized from the reaction mixture containing H2PtCl6, CoCl2 and ethylene glycol. It should be noted that the electrocatalytic activity of PtCo/GR catalysts depends on the molar ratio of Pt:Co in the catalysts. It was found that the synthesized PtCo/GR catalysts with the Pt:Co molar ratios equal to 1:3 and 1:6 exhibited an enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol electro-oxidation as compared with that of catalysts with the Pt:Co molar ratios equal to 1:20, 1:50 and 1:60 and 1:0.
Preparation of CdS nanoparticles by microwave-assisted synthesis
Authors: Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė Loreta , Grincienė Giedrė , Šimkūnaitė-Stanylienė Birutė , Naruškevičius Leonas , Pakštas Vidas , Selskis Algirdas , Norkus Eugenijus 
Published: January 2025

n the present study a rapid microwave heating method was used to prepare CdS nanoparticles. The morphology, structure and composition of the prepared CdS were examined by means of field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The optical properties of the CdS thin films formed and deposited onto glass substrates were investigated by means of UV/Vis spectrophotometric measurements.It has been found that the size and structure of CdS particles synthesized by rapid heating irradiation depend on the alkalinity of the reaction mixture and the microwave power. The synthesized CdS nanoparticles have a band gap of 2.5–2.7 eV.
Naujų piridino dikarboksirūgštis skaidančių mikroorganizmų išskyrimas ir charak- terizavimas
Authors: Jakubovska Jevgenija , Meškys Rolandas 
Published: January 2025

Recently isolated bacterial strain Rhodococcus jostii TMP1 proved to be capable of utilizing 1,8-cineole as its sole source of carbon and energy. Bioinformatic analysis of R. jostii TMP1 genome revealed a presence of a novel and more detailed Cin operon – CinTMP1. It was found that CinTMP1 operon contains genes which are known to be involved in biode­gradation of 1,8-cineole by Citrobacter braakii. The genes located in this operon – cinA1, cinB1, cinC1, cinD1 and cinBVMO – were proposed to encode putative cytochrome P450 (P450cin), cindoxin reductase, cindoxin, hydroxycineole dehydrogenase and Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase, respectively. The expression of all recombinant enzymes, except for cindoxin reductase, as well as the coexpression of P450cin system, has been studied and optimized. Recombinant P450cin enzyme of R. jostii TMP1 catalyses the initial monooxygenation of 1,8-cineole, yielding 6-hydroxycineole. Furthemore, P450cin performs a subsequent alcohol oxidation to produce 6-ketocineole in Rhodococcus cells.
Varieties and chemical composition of magnetite in the Varėna iron ore deposit
Authors: Prušinskienė Sabina , Šiliauskas Laurynas , Skridlaitė Gražina 
Published: January 2025

Magnetites of the Varėna Iron Ore Deposit (VIOD) were thoroughly investigated by the Cameca SX-100 microprobe at the Warsaw University and by the Quanta 250 Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) at the Nature Research Centre in Vilnius, Lithuania. Four generations of magnetite were distinguished in the studied serpentine–magnetite ores (D8 drilling). The earliest, spinel inclusion-rich magnetite cores (Mag-1) might have formed during an early metamorphism and/or related skarn formation. They have the highest trace element (Si, Al, Mg, Ti, V, etc.) contents. Voluminous second magnetite (Mag-2) had replaced olivine, pyroxenes, spinel and other skarn minerals at c. 540 °C (Mag–Ilm geothermometer) and has trace elements washed out by hydrothermal fluids. The latest magnetites (Mag-3 and Mag-4) originated from the late thermal reworking by dissolution–reprecipitation processes. Some of the latest magnetites (Mag-4) are mostly related to the sulfide veins. As concerning the origin of the studied magnetites, they have similar trace element abundances as skarn magnetites, are in general Ti-poor. The Mag-1 is more than twice richer in Mg than the porphyry and Kiruna type iron ores. A slight enrichment in Al, Ti and V because of spinel and ilmenite inclusions may have caused the earliest Mag-1 to resemble the porphyry type ores, while the secondary Mag-2 has Al, Ca and Mn contents as low as the Kiruna type ores. Even though there are no precise age constructions for the iron ore formation process, it may be related to metamorphic, metasomatic and later hydrothermal processes, the last of which is assumed to have occurred during the c. 1.50 Ga within-plate AMCG magmatism.
La Dialéctica De La Epistemología En La Educación
Authors: Perrazo Eras Cristina Elizabeth , Almache Laica Ana del Rocío 
Published: January 2025

La epistemología es una rama de la filosofía se encarga del estudio del conocimiento y de métodos utilizados para adquirirlo, tema importante para los filósofos a lo largo de la historia dando lugar a teorías y corrientes de pensamiento, Platón y Aristóteles se preguntaron de la naturaleza del conocimiento y cómo se adquiere, en la Edad Media se centró en el estudio de la relación entre la fe y la época, en la moderna René Descartes y John Locke se interesaron por la teoría del conocimiento y la relación entre la mente y el mundo exterior, el objetivo es entender y comprender como la epistemología y el conocimiento han ido evolucionado según las necesidades de la humanidad hasta llegar a una investigación científica aplicada a la educación, desarrollando habilidades, capacidades y prepararlos para la vida, con métodos de observación, experimentos y análisis, útiles para comprender el mundo y resolver problemas. La dialéctica de la ciencia y la educación se refiere a la interacción y el conflicto entre diferentes enfoques o perspectivas epistemológicas, la educación y la ciencia se ocupan de la naturaleza del conocimiento, cómo se adquiere y cómo se valida a través de un método de investigación científica.