bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of novel processes for eliminating sidestreams impacts on full-scale sewage treatment plant using GPS-X7
Authors: Faris Ahmed M. , Zwain Haider M. , Hosseinzadeh Majid , Siadatmousavi Seyed Mostafa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe novel process consisted of two steps was established by combining all sidestreams lines (supernatant gravity thickener, underflow mechanical thickener, and centrate), treating them together away from the mainstream treatment plant, and returning treated sidestreams effluents to the plant outfall instead of plant head. The two steps novelty treatment combined degradation, nitrification, and dilution processes. To treat combined sidestreams, a novel pilot extended nutrient moving bed biofilm reactor was developed. The effects of sidestream elimination on a full-scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic system were simulated using GPS-X7. The statistical results of R values greater than 0.8 and NMSE values near zero proved the calibrated model’s validation. The novel system successfully removed 98, 93, 100, 85, 98, 100, and 98% of BOD, COD, NH4, NO3, TSS, H2S, and PO4-P from sidestreams, respectively. Furthermore, the simulation results showed that eliminating sidestreams has reduced volumes of full-scale A2/O facilities, controlled hydraulic and pollutants shocks, and minimized cost and energy. The novel process proved successful in treating combined sidestreams and eliminating their impacts on the A/O2 system.
Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal patterns of scrub typhus in Yunnan Province from 2006 to 2017
Authors: Peng Pei-Ying , Xu Lei , Wang Gu-Xian , He Wen-Yuan , Yan Ting-Liang , Guo Xian-Guo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractScrub typhus is an acute infectious disease in humans. A temporal, spatial and epidemiologic study was conducted to understand the characteristics of scrub typhus in Yunnan, to assist public health prevention and control measures. Based on the data on all cases reported in Yunnan during 2006–2017, we characterized the epidemiological features. Spatio-temporal patterns and Q-type cluster method were adopted to analyze the incidence of scrub typhus in Yunnan. In total, 27,838 scrub typhus cases were reported in Yunnan during 2006–2017. Of these, 49.53% (13,787) were male and 50.47% (14,051) were female (P > 0.05). Most patients were farmers (71.70%) (P < 0.05) and children aged 0–5 years (13.16%) (P < 0.01), which accounted for 84.86% of the total cases. An almost 20-fold increase in the number of patients was observed in 2017 (6,337 cases) compared to 2006 (307 cases). Baoshan and Lincang had the most cases accounting for 41.94%, while Diqing had the lowest incidence (only 3 cases). Sixteen municipalities infected were classified into three groups numbered in sequence. The incidence of scrub typhus in Yunnan is high and the annual incidence increased noticeably over time. Our results also indicate that surveillance and public education need to be focused on Baoshan, Lincang and Dehong.
Pyrazine functionalization to boost the antenna effect in rare-earth metal–organic frameworks for tetracycline detection
Authors: Wu Kun , Liu Xin-Yi , Huang Yong-Liang , Xie Mo , Xiong Xiao , Zheng Ji , Lu Weigang , Li Dan 
Published: February 2022

A generalizable strategy for the synthesis of rare-earth metal–organic frameworks (RE-MOFs) with 12-connected RE9 clusters and shp topology. Pyrazine functionalization to boost antenna effect, realizing a robust platform for tetracyclines detection.
Serious Games and Gamification: Game-Based Learning in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Brackenbury Tim , Kopf Lisa 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:Serious games and gamification are evidence-based forms of game-based learning that facilitate student/client instruction. Serious games are activities that directly incorporate educational content into games; gamification integrates characteristics of games into nongame activities. They both promote learning by increasing students' motivation and engagement. The purpose of this tutorial is to facilitate readers' understanding and use of serious games and gamification in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) education, in both classroom and clinical settings. It includes models of motivation and engagement, research on serious games and gamification, in-depth examples from two CSD courses, and suggestions for implementation.Conclusions:Multiple studies, including meta-analyses, have demonstrated significant positive effects of both serious games and gamification on student motivation, engagement, and learning. Self-determination theory is a useful model for developing serious games and gamified learning because it provides a complex understanding of learners' needs and multiple levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Suggestions for incorporating serious games and gamified learning in CSD contexts include designing activities that address and balance motivation and learning, targeting specific forms of motivation in meaningful ways, and reconsidering intrinsic motivation as the ultimate goal of learning.
A novel two‐stage Dissolved Gas Analysis fault diagnosis system based semi‐supervised learning
Authors: Tan Xuemin , Guo Chao , Wang Ke , Wan Fu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is an important method for oil‐immersed transformer fault diagnosis. However, collecting labelled DGA data is difficult because the determination of the transformer fault is time‐consuming and expensive in the transformer substation, but DGA data without labels is easier to obtain. Therefore, the paper proposed a semi‐supervised two‐stage diagnostic system based DGA by using less labelled samples. The two‐stage system includes a novel semi‐supervised feature selection based Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) model (SSL‐FS‐GASVM) for selecting optimal features and a novel semi‐supervised transformer fault diagnosis model based improved Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (AFSA) and SVM (SSL‐IAFSA‐SVM) for optimising the SVM parameter. Finally, the performances of SSL‐FS‐GASVM and SSL‐IAFSA‐SVM models are tested and compared with traditional supervised diagnostic models combined with other optimisation methods, respectively. The results show that the proposed two‐stage system works in optimising features and parameters and has strong robustness in solving small sample classification problems.
Perceptual redundancy model for compression of screen content videos
Authors: Li Junlin , Yu Li , Wang Hongkui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractScreen content video (SCV) consists primarily of text areas, computer graphics and other computer‐generated content and possesses unique perceptual characteristics. To compress SCVs more effectively with less reduction in subjective quality, perceptual characteristics of SCVs are analyzed and a perceptual redundancy (PR) model for SCV compression is proposed, including spatial PR (SPR), temporal PR (TPR) and foveated PR (FPR) model. In SPR modeling, the SCV is divided into sharp edge (SE) areas and non‐SE areas, then SPR is estimated separately. In TPR modeling, both inter‐frame luminance adaptation effect and motion masking effect are taken into account. In FPR modeling, each frame of SCV is classified into abrupt frames, relative motion frames or static frames. Then fixation points of different kinds of frames are predicted using different methods, and FPR is modeled considering foveated masking effect and visual attention. Finally, the perceptual redundancy of SCV is estimated based on the product of SPR, TPR and FPR. It is experimentally demonstrated that compared to the state‐of‐the‐art models, the authors' model could obtain more accurate estimates of PR. Moreover, the model is incorporated into SCV compression with an adaptive perceptual quantizer. An average of 7.42% bits could be saved with less decline in subjective quality.
Star formation in two irradiated globules around Cygnus OB2
Authors: Comerón F. , Schneider N. , Djupvik A. A. 
Published: February 2022

Context. The ultraviolet irradiation and the action of stellar winds of newly formed massive stars on their parental molecular environment often produces isolated or small clouds, some of which become sites of star formation themselves.
Aims. We investigate the young stellar populations associated with DR 18 and ECX 6-21, which are two isolated globules irradiated by the O-type stars of the Cygnus OB2 association. Both are HII regions containing obvious tracers of recent and ongoing star formation. We also study smaller isolated molecular structures in their surroundings.
Methods. We combined near-infrared broad- and narrow-band imaging with broad-band imaging in the visible and with archive images obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We used the joint photometry to select young stellar objects (YSOs), simultaneously estimating their intrinsic properties and classifying them according to the characteristics of their infrared excess. We also present low-resolution visible spectroscopy of selected sources.
Results. We reproduce previous findings of an extended population of YSOs around both globules, dominated by the more evolved classes, associated with the general Cygnus OB2 population. Both globules contain their own embedded populations, with a higher fraction of the less-evolved classes. Masses and temperatures are estimated under the assumption of a common age of 1 Myr, which has been found to appropriately represent the general Cygnus OB2 YSO population but is most probably an overestimate for both globules, especially ECX 6-21. The early-B star responsible for the erosion of DR 18 is found to be part of a small aggregate of intermediate-mass stars still embedded in the cloud, which probably contains a second site of recent star formation, also with intermediate-mass stars. We confirm the two main star forming sites embedded in ECX 6-21 described in previous works, with the southern site being more evolved than the northern site. We also discuss the small globule ECX 6-21-W (=G79.8 + 1.2), and propose that its non thermal radio spectrum is due to synchrotron emission from an embedded jet, whose existence is suggested by our observations.
Conclusions. The extreme youth of some of the YSOs suggests that star formation in both globules started after they became externally irradiated. The populations of both globules are not found to be particularly rich, but they contain stars with estimated masses similar or above that of the Sun in numbers that hint at some differences with respect to the star formation process taking place in more quiescent regions where low-mass stars dominate, which deeper observations may confirm.
Combined procedures with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: High risk of stiffness but promising concept in selected indications
Authors: Derreveaux Vianney , Schmidt Axel , Shatrov Jobe , Sappey-Marinier Elliot , Batailler Cécile , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sébastien 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has traditionally been contraindicated in the presence of an ACL deficient knee, bi-compartmental disease, or significant coronal deformity due to concerns regarding increased risk of persisted pain, knee instability, tibial loosening, or progression of osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing UKA with an associated surgical procedure in these specific indications. Method: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing UKA between December 2015 and October 2020. Patients were categorized into groups based on associated procedures: UKA + ACL, UKA + HTO, and bicompartmental arthroplasty. Outcomes were assessed using the Knee Society Score (KSS) knee and function scores and the Forgotten Joint Score. Radiological and complication analysis was performed at the last clinical follow-up. Results: Thirty-two patients (13 men and 19 women) were included. The mean age was 56.2 years ± 11.1 (range, 33–84) with a mean follow-up of 26.3 months ± 15 (7.3–61.1). There was a significant improvement between the pre-and postoperative KSS Knee (+34.3 ± 16.5 [12–69]), Function (+34.3 ± 18.6 [0–75]), and Total scores (+68.5 ± 29.4 [24–129]) (p = 0.001). Seven patients (21.8%) required an arthroscopic arthrolysis for persistent stiffness. Two patients (UKA + PFA and UKA + ACL) underwent revision to TKA. Patient satisfaction was 90%, and mean flexion at last follow-up was 122° ± 6 (120–140). The implant survival rate was 94%. Discussion: This study found performing UKA with an additional procedure to address relative contraindications to the arthroplasty in physically active patients with monocompartmental knee arthritis is an efficient strategy with good results at short-term follow-up. It should be reserved for patients where TKA is likely to have unsatisfactory results, and the patient has been fully counseled regarding the management options. Even if there is a high rate of complications with stiffness requiring a re-intervention, the final results are very satisfying with no impact of the reintervention on the clinical result in the short term.
State-of-the-Art Mini Review: Dual-Pathway Inhibition to Reduce Arterial and Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Goldin Mark , Koulas Ioannis , Weitz Jeffrey I. , Spyropoulos Alex C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE) are linked by the common mechanism of thrombin generation. Historically these entities have been treated as separate pathophysiologic processes requiring different treatments: VTE, as the formation of fibrin-/coagulation-factor-derived thrombus in low-flow vasculature, requiring anticoagulants; versus ATE, as largely platelet-derived thrombus in high-flow vasculature, requiring antiplatelet agents. Observational studies have elucidated shared risk factors and comorbidities predisposing individuals with VTE to ATE, and vice versa, and have bolstered the strategy of dual-pathway inhibition (DPI)—the combination of low-dose anticoagulants with antiplatelet agents—to reduce thrombotic outcomes on both sides of the vasculature. Randomized clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of such regimens—mostly rivaroxaban and aspirin—in high-risk groups of patients, including those with recent acute or chronic coronary syndrome, as well as those with peripheral artery disease with or without revascularization. Studies of extended VTE prophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients have also contributed to the evidence evaluating DPI. The totality of available data supports the concept that DPI can reduce major and fatal thromboembolic outcomes, including stroke, myocardial infarction, VTE, and cardiovascular death in key patient cohorts, with acceptable risk of bleeding. Further data are needed to refine which patients derive the best net clinical benefit from such an approach. At the same time, other novel agents such as contact pathway inhibitors that reduce thrombin generation without affecting hemostasis—and thus maximize safety—should be assessed in appropriate populations.
Clinical and Laboratory Outcomes of Angled Screw Channel Implant Prostheses: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rasaie Vanya , Abduo Jaafar , Falahchai Mehran 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory outcomes of angled screw channel (ASC) restorations and to summarize the influencing factors. An electronic search of the English language literature was performed in four databases and enriched by manual searches. Retrieved studies were screened against the predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria. Eight clinical and seven laboratory studies were eligible for the analysis. The risk of bias for included observational studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. Laboratory studies quality assessment method was adapted from previous published systematic reviews. Two clinical studies focused on technical outcomes and the rest reported the biological outcomes of the ASC restorations. Out of the seven laboratory studies, two studies investigated the fracture resistance of ASC restorations, four studies evaluated the reverse torque value of the nonaxially tightened screws, and one study evaluated both variables. The present review revealed that while the performance of ASC restorations is promising in short-term clinical studies, the evidence of their long-term reliability is still lacking. The laboratory studies indicated comparable fracture resistance results of the ASC restorations with the straight screw channel restorations. In addition, factors, such as initial torque value, configuration of the screw driver, screw design, abutment system, and the angulation of screw channel, were shown to influence the screw resistance to loosening.
Effect of Various Irrigant Activation Methods and Its Penetration in the Apical Third of Root Canal—In Vitro Study
Authors: S. Delphine Pricilla Antony , Solete Pradeep , Jeevanandan Ganesh , Syed Ather Ahmed , Almahdi Samaher , Alzhrani Mohanad , Maganur Prabhadevi C. , Vishwanathaiah Satish 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the irrigant penetration using iohexol dye with four irrigation techniques.
Methodology Single-rooted premolars were recently extracted and preserved in physiological saline solution. All the samples were standardized to 16 mm. Standard endodontic access was prepared using endoaccess bur (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The initial patency was established using #10 k file (Mani, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan) to the working length. The cleaning and shaping were performed using the file system ProFit S3 in the following sequence: P0 (orifice enlarger), PF1 (yellow), PF2 (red) #25, and PF3 (blue) #30. The samples were randomly allocated in concealed opaque envelopes into four groups. This was performed by a trained dentist. Fifteen samples were allocated to one group. The groups were divided as follows: Group A—conventional needle (CN), Group B—side-vented needle (SVN), Group C—manual dynamic agitation (MDA), and Group D—EndoActivator (EA). The radiopaque dye irrigant agitation/activation was performed by one operator to prevent operator bias. Following irrigation using the different techniques, digital radiographs were taken, and the measurement was taken from the apical foramen to the point where the dye had penetrated apically for each tooth and the data were entered into an Excel sheet for all the four groups.
Results Comparing the four groups, there was a statistically significant difference among the four groups (p < 0.05), thus, favoring the alternate hypothesis. EA had resulted in better penetration of the irrigant compared with the other three groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion It was evident that irrigant penetration was best achieved with the use of an EA followed by MDA, SVNs, and then the CN when the preparation was done till size 30 (PF3 #30) using ProFit S3 rotary file system.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Neurosurgical Resident Training Program: An Early Experience
Authors: Omer Mazin , Al-Afif Shadi , Machetanz Kathrin , Bettag Christoph , Tatagiba Marcos , Rohde Veit , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background The present study evaluates the impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions during the first lockdown period in spring 2020 on the neurosurgical resident training program, and provides constructive approaches to deal with such situations.
Methods A concurrent embedded mixed methods design was used. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews from all neurosurgical residents at three university hospitals in Germany. Concurrently, quantitative data of the number of performed surgeries, outpatient visits, and the usage of telemedicine in the period from October 2019 to July 2020 were collected and analyzed accordingly.
Results During the period of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in spring 2020, there was a marked reduction in the number of surgeries performed by neurosurgical residents, from an average of 41.26 (median 41) surgeries per month to 25.66 (median 24) per month, representing a decrease of 37.80%. The decrease in the operations was concerning mainly spinal and functional surgery. Outpatient visits were reduced significantly, with a concurrent fivefold increase in the usage of telemedicine. General and pediatric neurosurgery outpatient clinics were the most affected. However, although surgical exposure was reduced during the lockdown phase, neurosurgical residents focused on conducting research and improving theoretical knowledge. Nevertheless, the global uncertainties caused by COVID-19 generated notable psychological stress among some residents.
Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions significantly affected the neurosurgical training program. Innovative solutions need to be developed to increase teaching and research capacities of neurosurgical residents as well as to improve surgical skills by installing surgical skill laboratories or similar constructs.
Lateral Patellar Facetectomy Reduces the Incidence of Anterior Knee Pain in Patellar Resurfaced Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Nagashima Masaki , Otani Toshiro , Harato Kengo , Sasaki Ryo , Seki Hiroyuki , Takeshima Kenichiro , Ishii Ken 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLateral patellar facet impingement (LPFI) can cause anterior knee pain (AKP) after patellar resurfaced total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Recently, lateral patellar facetectomy (LPF), which has been used for LPFI, has been performed during primary TKA, providing good clinical outcomes. However, the effect of LPF on AKP in primary patellar resurfaced TKA has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of LPF on the development of AKP in patellar resurfaced TKAs with minimum follow-up of 3 years. This retrospective cohort study included 84 knees of 66 consecutive patients who underwent patellar resurfaced TKA between April 2007 and November 2014 in our hospital. The subjects were divided into two groups: TKA with LPF (LPF group; 47 knees) and TKA without LPF (no-LPF group; 37 knees). Postoperative AKP, the primary outcome, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and range of motion were investigated at the final visit and compared between the two groups. Six knees (16.2%) had AKP in the no-LPF group, whereas none of the knees had AKP in the LPF group at the final visit. The incidence of AKP was significantly lower in the LPF group (p = 0.004). The postoperative JOA score and flexion angle were significantly higher in the LPF group than in the no-LPF group. LPF correlated with less incidence of postoperative AKP and improved the JOA score and knee flexion angle. In patellar resurfaced TKA, LPF may be considered an additional maneuver to avoid postoperative AKP.