bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Endophytic Bacteria Inhabiting the Phyllosphere of Aquatic Fern Azolla Species by High-Throughput Sequencing
Authors: Yang Yan-Qiu , Deng Su-Fang , Yang You-Quan , Ying Zhao-Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Azolla is a small floating fern living in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and provides a variety of important ecosystem benefits. Previous studies have presented that Azolla harbors diverse bacteria that may play a key role in host fitness and productivity. However, the characteristics of endophytic bacteria inhabiting the phyllosphere of different species of Azolla have not yet been fully understood.
Results
In this study, the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) V5-V7 region of bacteria was determined by Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform to study the diversity and richness of endophytic bacterial communities in the phyllosphere of five Azolla species collected from different countries. A total of 1150 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected for the endophytic bacteria community. According to the α diversity indices, the diversity of bacteria was ordered as Azolla imbricata > A. pinnata > A. filiculoides > A. mexicana > A. caroliniana. The PCoA results displayed that the bacterial communities of A. mexicana and A. caroliniana shared the highest similarity, followed by the similarity between A. pinnata and A. imbricata, and they were significantly distinct from the community of A. filiculoides. The dominant bacteria of Azolla mainly belonged to the phylum of Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria, Chlorobillobacteria, and Firmicutes. In detail, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in A. imbricata was 52.23%, whereas it was more than 80.00% in the other four species of Azolla. Notably, Herbaspirillum (45.91%, 44.08%) and Methylophilus (29.97%, 37.96%) were the main genera inhabiting A. mexicana and A. caroliniana respectively. Ferrovibrio (18.54%) and Rhizobium (16.68%) were the dominant genera inhabiting A. filiculoides. The group of unidentified genera (41.63%, 44.92%) consisted most of the bacteria in A. imbricata and A. pinnata respectively. Further analysis suggested that the significant different bacteria identified in LDA Effect Size analysis existed Azolla species-specific patterns.
Conclusions
In summary, all results suggested that the diversity and composition of the endophytic bacterial communities were Azolla species-specific.
A Reactivity-controlled Epitaxial Growth Strategy for Large-sized Nanocrystal Synthesis
Authors: Long Zhiwei , Liu Mingrui , Wu Xian-gang , Gu Kai , Yang Gaoling , Chen Zhuo , Liu Yang , Liu Ronghui , Zhong Haizheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Large-sized ZnSe nanocrystals are expected to emit pure-blue-light between 455-475 nm for display applications, however, haven’t been achieved up to date. By analyzing the influence of the reactivity of Zn and Se precursors, we found that the final size of ZnSe nanocrystals via hot-injection has a critical value that can be varied by ligands or precursors. To describe the key factors in determining the final size of ZnSe nanocrystals, we propose a nuclei number-considered LaMer model based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of crystal embryos. As a result, a general strategy of reactivity-controlled epitaxial growth (RCEG) was developed to synthesize large-sized ZnSe nanocrystals through sequential injection of high-reactivity and low-reactivity Zn (Se) precursors. The resulted large-sized ZnSe nanocrystals show pure-blue emission between 455-470 nm. We further fabricated efficient and stable large-sized ZnSe/ZnS core-shell nanocrystals with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 60%. Moreover, the RCEG strategy is versatile to synthesize large-sized CdSe and PbSe nanocrystals with average size over 35 nm. The hybridization of quantum confined effects and classical surface effects in these large-sized semiconductor nanocrystals, which will open up new directions for fundamental research and application explorations.
Regime Impact of Two-dam Coexistence: A Special Withdrawal Measure in Fengman Reservoir, China
Authors: Yang Xiaoqian , Tuo Youcai , Yang Yanjing , Deng Yun , Wang Xingmin , Chen Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The two-dam coexistence (TDC) is a special measure adopted by the Chinese Fengman Dam for risk management of old and dangerous dams, which acts as selective withdrawal by demolishing a partial elevation of the original dam. This study combined measured water temperature data for many years with the characteristics of the TDC to reveal the influence of the TDC on the thermal stratification in front of the dam and the withdrawal water temperature (WWT) process. The results showed that the TDC accompanying the operation and outflow daily regulation of the two power stations caused a general decline and periodic fluctuation in temperature contours. The metalimnion moved upward, and stratification strengthened with the temperature gradient from 0 to 10.5°C/m. The vertical mixture was weakened with the difference between the surface and bottom water temperatures ranging from 6.8°C to 26.8°C. The stratification stability of the water column was 1.6 times that with the one-dam condition (ODC), and there were interannual differences. The buoyancy frequency decreased correspondingly. Additionally, the TDC had a higher WWT in the warming period (3.2°C on average from May to Jun.) and a lower WWT in the freeze-up period (0.2°C on average from Jan. to Feb.) than the ODC. The maximum temperature difference between the front of the two dams occurred at the bottom of the reservoir (3.5°C to 12.2°C), verifying that the main WWT difference was caused by releasing water above the demolition elevation. With the TDC, the withdrawal layer raised 19.6 m from near the intake to near the demolition elevation. Thus, more stable stratification and various changes in the WWT played a vital role in several sensitive elements and reservoir management. This study can provide practical experience for the effect of similar disease reservoirs treatment and can provide a reference for optimizing water quality management strategies.
Correlation Between Albuminuria and Interstitial Injury Marker Reductions Associated with SGLT2 Inhibitor Treatment in Diabetic Patients with Renal Dysfunction
Authors: Sato Saeko , Takayanagi Kaori , Shimizu Taisuke , Kanozawa Koichi , Iwashita Takatsugu , Hasegawa Hajime 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWe investigated the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) administration focusing its involvement in tubulo-interstitial disorders in diabetic kidney.MethodsThis study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University (#1062 and #2470). Enrolled patients with diabetic kidney disease received a mean dose of 52.3 mg of an SGLT2i (ipragliflozin) daily. Blood and urine were sampled at 0, 1, and 12 months (M).ResultsNon-renal-dysfunction patients (NRD: baseline eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, n=12) and renal-dysfunction patients (RD: baseline eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2, n=9) were analyzed separately. The median urine albumin-to-Cr ratio (ACR) was significantly decreased at 1M in both groups (NRD: 163.1 at 0M vs 118.5 mg/gCr at 1M, RD: 325.2 at 0M vs 136.0 mg/gCr at 1M). In the RD, but not the NRD group, reduction of urine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) by SGLT2i showed a significant difference between high-responders (HR: -25.7±11.4%) and low-responders (LR: 59.2±17.0%), defined by ACR reduction at 1M. Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the reduction of ACR and MCP-1 (R=0.683, p=0.042) in RD. There is no possible confounder in the correlation, as shown by multivariate analysis (ß=0.683, R2=0.467).ConclusionSGLT2i exerted an anti-albuminuric effect regardless of the presence/absence of renal dysfunction. However, the anti-albuminuric effect of SGLT2i in patients with renal dysfunction appears more closely associated with amelioration of tubulointerstitial disorders compared to patients without renal dysfunction.
Evaluation of serum and pleural levels tumor M2-pyruvate kinase in lung cancer patients with pleural effusion
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Liu Wei , Li Li , Jue Zou , xu chunhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of tumor M2-pyruvate kinase (TuM2-PK) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in both pleural effusion and serum in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusion. Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 80 patients with pleural effusion caused by benign disease (BPE group) and 125 patients with malignant pleural effusion associated with lung cancer (MPE group). The levels of TuM2-PK and CEA were measured by using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrochemiluminescence. The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to confirm the optimal critical value to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of TuM2-PK and CEA. Results: The TuM2-PK and CEA levels in pleural effusion and serum, and their ratio (P/S) were higher in MPE group than that in BPE group (P<0.05). In pleural effusion and serum, the diagnostic efficiency of combined TuM2-PK and CEA for MPE was superior to either single detection. Conclusions: The combined detection of TuM2-PK and CEA has a high sensitivity for diagnosis of MPE and provides important information for rapid and accurate diagnosis of patients.
Wear of Teflon coating on non-stick pan in hot oil lubrication
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chen Weiqi , Chen Haosheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The wear of Teflon coatings on non-stick pans has drawn wide attention since the pans are daily used in cooking. In most of the national standards for non-stick pans, the wear of Teflon coatings on the pan is tested in dry friction at room temperature, while it actually works at high temperatures with oil lubrication. It is still unknown whether the wear of the coating will be more serious or not in the hot oil lubrication condition. Therefore, in this work, the wear of Teflon coatings of non-stick pans is investigated with oil lubrication at the temperature of 150°C. The testing results illustrate that the hot oil lubrication brings about an increase of the wear of the Teflon coatings, and that is attributed to the diffusion of the hot oil into the cracks of the coating, which accelerates the detachment of the coating from the substrate. This finding will inspire us to review the testing standard of the coatings on non-stick pans.
Pharmacological characterization of GR1803, a novel BCMA × CD3 bispecific antibody for multiple myeloma treatment
Authors: Li Lili , Chen Xiangling , Li Yongpeng , Lou Liguang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is an ideal target for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), and a bispecific antibody (bsAb) of BCMA × CD3 has entered clinical trials with great potential. In this study, we characterized GR1803, a novel bsAb for MM treatment. We reported that GR1803 bound to recombinant BCMA, CD3, BCMA-positive (BCMA+) MM cells, and human T cells; that it induced T cell activation and cytokine release dependent on the presence of BCMA+ cells; and that it effectively killed MM cells with EC50 values less than 10 ng/mL. We found that GR1803 induced MM cells to release various cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-g (IFN-γ), GM-CSF, and TNF-α. Finally, we found that GR1803 significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the growth of tumors specifically expressing human BCMA in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GR1803, a novel BCMA × CD3 bsAb, efficiently and selectively kills MM cells and represents a novel immunotherapy for treating MM.
Drought response of tree-ring width in the southern boundary of Pinus tabulaeformis from Mt. Funiu, central China
Authors: Peng Jianfeng , Li Jinbao , Li Xuan , Cui Jiayue , Peng Meng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tree ring data from the southern boundary of Pinus tabulaeformis distribution where is the southern margin of warm temperate, the paper analyzes the response of climate factors along north-south direction to tree growth. The results show that temperature and precipitation in May-June and relative moisture from March to June are main limiting factors on tree growth; however, the temperature in the south of the mountain and the humidity in the north of the mountain have relatively greater influence on tree growth. The regional scPDSIMJ (that is PDSI in May-June) is the most significant and stable limiting factors on tree growth to be used for reconstruction, which explains 50.4% of the variance in the instrumental records from 1963 to 2016 CE. The reconstructed scPDSIMJ revealed that there were 29 extremely dry years (accounting for 12.96%) and 30 extremely wet years (accounting for 13.89%) and it can represent the drought variation in central and eastern monsoon region, and agree with the reconstructed PDSI for Mt. Shennong and the drought/wetness series in Zhengzhou, with correlation coefficients 0.367 (n = 210, p = 0.000) and 0.196 (n = 200, p = 0.005), respectively. Further research found that drought of May-June in central China mainly impacted by local temperature and moisture (including precipitation, soil moisture, potential evaporation and water pressure), and then the Pacific and the Atlantic. These results may provide better understanding of May-June drought variation and service for agricultural production in central China.
The utility of the emBODY tool as a novel method of studying complex phenomena-related emotions
Authors: Herman¹ Aleksandra M. , Zaremba¹ Dominika , Kossowski¹ Bartosz , Marchewka¹ Artur 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bodily sensations are one of the major building blocks of emotional experience. However, people differ in their ability to recognise and name their emotions, especially those in response to complex phenomena such as climate change or the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we investigated whether the bodily sensation maps (BSMs) approach can be employed to study emotions related to phenomena that are likely to evoke various, and perhaps even conflicting, emotions in people. Using a unique topographical self-report method - the emBODY tool, 548 participants marked where in the body they feel sensations (activations and deactivations) when they experience distinct emotions (e.g. happiness) and when they think about different phenomena, namely climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, war, nature, friends, and summer holidays. We revealed maps of bodily sensations associated with different emotions and phenomena. Importantly, each phenomenon was related to a statistically unique BSM, suggesting that participants were able to differentiate between feelings associated with distinct phenomena. Yet, we also found that BSMs of phenomena showed some similarity with maps of emotions. Together, these findings indicate that the emBODY tool might be useful in uncovering the range of emotions individuals experience towards complex phenomena.
Screening of HRas, RRas and FOS as Potential Pharmacodynamic Candidates for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mishra Savita , Hora Sandhya , Katare Deepshikha Pande 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly primary tumour that begins in hepatocytes. Tumour cell proliferation and progression is influenced by cellular components of the liver and their microenvironment. Pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers are biomolecules that demonstrate the effect of a therapeutic intervention on the affected organ and its microenvironment. PD biomarkers are used to study drug target interactions and their biological responses. High-throughput technologies and bioinformatics tools are critical for interpreting proteomics data and exploring new biological insights into cellular processes, disease pathogenesis, and biomarker discovery. We have developed an animal model of HCC using DEN with 2AAF as a carcinogen and treated it with multiple doses of sorafenib-silibinin combinational tablets. With proteomic studies, we have screened differently expressed protein signatures as pharmacodynamic biomarkers. The PPI network was created on the STRING platform and visualised on Cytoscape software. The MCODE plug-in was implied to identify the modules with the highest significant score. Later, the CytoHubba plug-in was used to filter the top ten hub genes in each module. Finally Drug-gene interaction was done using hub gene on the STITCH platform for molecular analysis of combinational treatments. We have identified a total of 11 differentially expressed proteins with MALDI-TOF-MS. Bioinformatics analysis of these biological factors is used to identify genes that are helpful in treatment. The PPI network complex resulted in 141 nodes with 1520 edges. The top ten hub gene list revealed the significance of three query proteins (HRas, RRas, and FOS) in the protein network, which was later validated with overall survival analysis using the GEPIA tool. Finally, drug–gene interaction predicted that combinational treatment has a significant effect at the molecular level and, out of 11 differentially expressed proteins, 3 could be potential pharmacodynamic biomarker. Based on computational and proteomic analysis, we have screened the expression and therapeutic value of potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers (HRas, RRas, and FOS) with sorafenib-silibinin formulation treatment in the HCC model.
Evaluating the Risk of Hypertension in Residents in Primary Care in Shanghai, China with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Chen Ning , Fan Feng , Geng Jinsong , Yang Yan , Gao Ya , Jin Hua , Chu Qiao , Yu Dehua , Wang Zhaoxin , Shi Jianwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The prevention of hypertension in primary care requires an effective and suitable hypertension risk assessment model. The aim of this study was to develop and compare the performances of three machine learning algorithms in predicting the risk of hypertension for residents in primary care in Shanghai, China. A dataset of 40,261 subjects over the age of 35 years was extracted from Electronic Healthcare Records of 47 community health centres from 2017 to 2019 in the Pudong district of Shanghai. The XGBoost model outperformed the other two models and achieved an AUC of 0.765 in the testing set. Twenty features were selected to construct the model, including age, diabetes status, urinary protein, BMI, elderly health self-assessment, creatinine, systolic blood pressure of the upper right arm, waist circumference, smoking status, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, frequency of drinking, glucose, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure of the upper right arm, exercise frequency, time spent engaged in exercise, high salt consumption, and triglycerides. XGBoost outperformed random forest and logistic regression in predicting the risk of hypertension in primary care. Integration of such a risk assessment model into primary care may improve the prevention and management of hypertension in residents.
Readiness to take COVID-19 vaccines: a national cross-sectional survey in Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Huong Thi Xuan , Vu Anh Hoang , Nguyen Liep Van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 caused a pandemic that drastically affected health systems, the economy, and social life globally. Vaccination is likely the solution for helping bring the pandemic under control when combine with other prevention measures. Understanding and measuring the general population's readiness to take COVID-19 vaccines is needed to facilitate an effective vaccination program.Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the readiness of the public toward COVID-19 vaccination in Vietnam based on seven components of vaccination readiness (7Cs) and investigate the factors affecting the readiness to receive these vaccines. Methods: The 7Cs of vaccination readiness scale (7Cs) was used in the study. The questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms to collect the data.Results: A total of 1026 participants were included. The presented study reflected a medium score of readiness toward COVID-19 vaccination among Vietnamese (average score of 7Cs was 103.25 ± 15.13) although 71.9% of the participants have already received at least one dose or booked to receive the first dose. Several predictors were found to hinder their readiness of COVID-19 taking vaccines including the level of agreement level with some common reasons for not taking COVID-19 vaccines (including awareness of the instances of death or serious adverse effects, the concern of the manufacturer or place of origin, waiting for a better vaccine, confused by different information of the vaccines, don't believe in the advice of the government regarding the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19-vaccines), how COVID-19 affects one’s health, and the effectiveness of vaccines in reducing the severity and complications of COVID-19. Conclusion: Findings reported a medium score of readiness toward COVID-19 vaccinations. Based on the based on seven components of vaccination readiness, it is suggested that the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination programs can be improved by focusing on correcting the misinformation and promoting the efficacy of COVID-19.
Cutting performance and antifriction mechanism of Al2O3/TiC/TiB2/h-BN@Al2O3 self-lubricating ceramic tool
Authors: Shi Yuxin , Xiao Guangchun , Chen Zhaoqiang , Ji Lianggang , Yi Mingdong , Zhang Jingjie , Chen Hui , Xu Chonghai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The machinability and wear reduction mechanism of self-repairing and self-lubricating ceramic tools sintered by vacuum hot-pressing method in the dry turning of 40Cr hardened steel were studied. By comparing the cutting performance and wear morphology of AT (Al2O3/TiC) ceramic tools under different cutting parameters, it was found that AT10B@5 (Al2O3/TiC/10 vol% TiB2/5 vol%h-BN@Al2O3) tool has a longer service life and better machining quality. Owing to the precipitation of solid lubricant during the cutting of AT10B@5 ceramic tool, the friction force during the cutting is reduced, thus decreasing the cutting force and cutting temperature of AT10B@5 ceramic tool during the cutting. The main cutting force decreased by 20.8%; the cutting temperature decreased by 22.2%; and the friction coefficient of front tool face decreased by 11.6% compared with AT tool. This effectively improved the surface quality of working parts, reduced the tool wear, increased the processing quality of work piece, and prolonged the tool life.
Processing performance of vitrified bonded fixed-abrasive lapping plates for sapphire wafers
Authors: Xiong Qiang , Nie Xiaowei , Lu Jiabin , Yan Qiusheng , Deng Jiayun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To enhance the lapping effects of sapphire wafers, two vitrified bonded fixed-abrasive lapping plates with different mechanical properties were developed and used to lap sapphire wafers to evaluate the effects of lapping time and dressing cycle on the lapping process effect and the stability of the lapping plates. The results indicate that the lapping material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) of the workpiece decrease with increasing lapping time; the higher the hardness of the lapping plate, the larger the MRR and Ra. There are differences in the primary wear forms between the two types of plates, with the high-hardness plate being mainly abrasive wear and abrasive breakage, while the low-hardness plate being mainly abrasive peeling off and abrasive wear. The two plates have the same trend in material removal for sapphire wafers -increasing the lapping time, the MRR is found to be gradually decreased and plateaued after 30 min, which is only about 20% of that of the initial lapping time, resulting in the plates needing to be dressed. After dressing the lapping plates, the plate processing performance returns to its initial state; the MRR deviation is less than 10% within the same period of use after several dressings.