bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribed performance control approaches, applications and challenges: A comprehensive survey
Authors: Bu Xiangwei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs to control systems, transient performance is as important as steady‐state performance. For some special dynamic systems, transient performance is a more prior index in comparison with the steady‐state one. Prescribed performance control (PPC) has been proved to be a powerful tool that guarantees control system outputs/errors with desired transient performance as well as steady‐state performance. The purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive review on the latest developments of PPC theories and applications. The existing performance functions are classified into five different categories, and their features are comprehensively compared, providing a useful guidance for further applications. Then, the latest developments of PPC's applications in all kinds of control systems are recalled. Specially, the faced challenges and theoretical defects of PPC are discussed, which is expected to point out the further research direction for PPC.
Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population‐based surveillance system
Authors: Kirby Anne V. , Bilder Deborah A. , Wiggins Lisa D. , Hughes Michelle M. , Davis John , Hall‐Lande Jennifer A. , Lee Li‐Ching , McMahon William M. , Bakian Amanda V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSensory features (i.e., atypical responses to sensory stimuli) are included in the current diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Yet, large population‐based studies have not examined these features. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensory features among autistic children, and examine associations between sensory features, demographics, and co‐occurring problems in other areas. Analysis for this study included a sample comprised of 25,627 four‐ or eight‐year‐old autistic children identified through the multistate Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (2006–2014). We calculated the prevalence of sensory features and applied multilevel logistic regression modeling. The majority (74%; 95% confidence interval: 73.5%–74.5%) of the children studied had documented sensory features. In a multivariable model, children who were male and those whose mothers had more years of education had higher odds of documented sensory features. Children from several racial and ethnic minority groups had lower odds of documented sensory features than White, non‐Hispanic children. Cognitive problems were not significantly related to sensory features. Problems related to adaptive behavior, emotional states, aggression, attention, fear, motor development, eating, and sleeping were associated with higher odds of having documented sensory features. Results from a large, population‐based sample indicate a high prevalence of sensory features in autistic children, as well as relationships between sensory features and co‐occurring problems. This study also pointed to potential disparities in the identification of sensory features, which should be examined in future research. Disparities should also be considered clinically to avoid reduced access to supports for sensory features and related functional problems.Lay SummaryIn a large, population‐based sample of 25,627 autistic children, 74% had documented differences in how they respond to sensation. We also identified significant associations of sensory features with adaptive behavior and problems in other domains. Sensory features were less common among girls, children of color, and children of mothers with fewer years of education, suggesting potential disparities in identification.
Service Line Material Identification: Experiences From North American Water Systems
Authors: Liggett Jennifer , Baribeau Hélène , Deshommes Elise , Lytle Darren A. , Masters Sheldon V. , Muylwyk Quirien , Triantafyllidou Simoni 
Published: January 2022

Key TakeawaysUnder the Lead and Copper Rule Long‐Term Revisions, community water systems must establish an inventory of their lead service lines (LSLs); thus, the material used for every service line must be identified.Developing, using, and managing an LSL inventory involves multiple steps, resources, and components, and the resulting information needs to be accurate.An AWWA subcommittee interviewed 10 water systems to learn about their processes for LSL inventory creation, material identification, customer communication, and other aspects of their experiences.
Diversity in the Atlantic Canadian Water and Wastewater Industry
Authors: Rand Jennie L. , Newman Randy Lynn , Hechavarria Havana , Brushett Grace , Dye Kelly 
Published: January 2022

Key TakeawaysA Canadian team researched how to attract and retain a diverse water sector workforce, which has been shown to support stronger organizations and their goals while cultivating inclusivity and equity in the industry.Top research themes included commitment, sense of belonging, work–life balance, diversity climate, leadership, and meaningful engagement with underrepresented groups.Interviews suggested current and changing views of the industry as white‐male‐dominated, developing strong leadership to improve employee retention, and adopting intentional practices and policies to support a strong diversity climate.
Indices of happiness and unhappiness during treatment of pediatric feeding disorders
Authors: Phipps Laura E. , Peterson Kathryn M. , Piazza Cathleen C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo date, there is no research on the measurement of indices of happiness and unhappiness for children receiving behavior‐analytic treatment for feeding disorders and the research on caregiver treatment acceptability during feeding treatment is limited. The purpose of the current study was to measure child indices of happiness and unhappiness during extinction‐based treatment with and without noncontingent reinforcement and to evaluate caregiver treatment acceptability through the course of treatment. Child indices of happiness were idiosyncratic, while indices of unhappiness increased at the onset of treatment and were higher during extinction without noncontingent reinforcement, but eventually decreased. Overall, caregiver treatment acceptability remained high despite temporary increases in emotional responding. The current study introduces measures of social validity to use during feeding treatment (i.e., indices of happiness and unhappiness) and provides evidence that dense schedules of noncontingent reinforcement could serve to mitigate indices of unhappiness during the initial implementation of extinction‐based treatment.
Neurological complications of varicella zoster virus reactivation: Prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of 72 patients with positive PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Lenfant Tiphaine , L'Honneur Anne‐Sophie , Ranque Brigitte , Pilmis Benoit , Charlier Caroline , Zuber Mathieu , Pouchot Jacques , Rozenberg Flore , Michon Adrien 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundVZV infection can involve every level of the neurologic system: from the central nervous system (CNS) to the peripheral nervous system (PNS), including aseptic meningitis. Prognosis seems to differ between these neurological involvements. Prognostic factors remain unknown.MethodsThis is a retrospective multicenter study including all patients with a positive VZV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from eight centers in Paris (France) between 2011 and 2018. Unfavorable outcome was defined as mortality linked to VZV or incomplete recovery. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) evaluated disability before and after the infection, with the difference designated as Rankin Delta.ResultsSeventy‐two patients were included (53% male, median age 51 years, median mRS 0). Immunosuppression was reported in 42%. The clinical spectrum included 26 cases of meningitis, 27 instances of CNS involvement, 16 of PNS involvement, and 3 isolated replications (positive PCR but no criteria for neurological complications from VZV). Antiviral treatment was administered to 69 patients (96%). Sixty‐two patients completed follow‐up. Death linked to VZV occurred in eight cases. Unfavorable outcome (UO) occurred in 60% and was significantly associated with a higher prior mRS (Odd‐ratio (OR) 3.1 [1.4–8.8] p = .012) and the presence of PNS or CNS manifestations (OR 22 [4–181] p = .001, OR 6.2 [1.3–33] p = .03, respectively, compared to meningitis). In the CSF, higher protein level (p < .0001) was also significantly associated with a higher Rankin Delta.ConclusionsNeurological complications of VZV with evidence of CSF viral replication are heterogeneous: aseptic meningitis has a good prognosis, whereas presence of CNS and PNS involvement is associated with a higher risk of mortality and of sequelae, respectively.
Variability of EEG electrode positions and their underlying brain regions: visualizing gel artifacts from a simultaneous EEG‐fMRI dataset
Authors: Scrivener Catriona L. , Reader Arran T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the between‐subject variability of EEG (electroencephalography) electrode placement from a simultaneously recorded EEG‐fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) dataset.MethodsNeuro‐navigation software was used to localize electrode positions, made possible by the gel artifacts present in the structural magnetic resonance images. To assess variation in the brain regions directly underneath electrodes we used MNI coordinates, their associated Brodmann areas, and labels from the Harvard‐Oxford Cortical Atlas. We outline this relatively simple pipeline with accompanying analysis code.ResultsIn a sample of 20 participants, the mean standard deviation of electrode placement was 3.94 mm in x, 5.55 mm in y, and 7.17 mm in z, with the largest variation in parietal and occipital electrodes. In addition, the brain regions covered by electrode pairs were not always consistent; for example, the mean location of electrode PO7 was mapped to BA18 (secondary visual cortex), whereas PO8 was closer to BA19 (visual association cortex). Further, electrode C1 was mapped to BA4 (primary motor cortex), whereas C2 was closer to BA6 (premotor cortex).ConclusionsOverall, the results emphasize the variation in electrode positioning that can be found even in a fixed cap. This may be particularly important to consider when using EEG positioning systems to inform non‐invasive neurostimulation.
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder: Literature review on pharmacological treatment illustrated by a case report on ketamine
Authors: Bourla Alexis , Ferreri Florian , Baudry Thomas , Panizzi Vincent , Adrien Vladimir , Mouchabac Stéphane 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionRapid cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD) is defined as four or more affective episodes (depression, mania or hypomania) within 1 year. RCBD has a high point of prevalence (from 10% to 20% among clinical bipolar samples) and is associated with greater severity, longer illness duration, worse global functioning and higher suicidal risk, but there is no consensus on treatment option. The use of several pharmacological agents has been reported (levothyroxine, antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers).ObjectiveThe main objective of this review was to propose a critical review of the literature and to rank the pharmacological agent using a level of evidence (LEO) adapted from the Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine, and to illustrate it with a case report on off‐label intravenous ketamine.MethodWe conducted a review using the MeSH terms and keywords (bipolar [Title/Abstract]) AND (rapid [Title/Abstract]) AND (cycling [Title/Abstract]) AND (treatment [Title/Abstract]). Alexis Bourla and Stéphane Mouchabac screened 638 documents identified through literature search in Medline (PubMed) or by bibliographic references and 164 abstracts were then analyzed. Nonpharmacological treatments were excluded.ResultSeventy articles were included in the review and divided into six categories: mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, hormonal treatments, ketamine and other pharmacological treatments.DiscussionOur review highlights the heterogeneity of the pharmacological treatment of RCBD and no clear consensus can emerge.
RETRACTED: The quality of life among Sudanese patients with epilepsy, Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: A. Ahmed Ibrahim Etedal , Hussain Mustafa Ali Lina , Mohamed Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla , Mahgoub Ibrahim M. , Salah‐Eldien Hassan Haroun Mazin , Mohammed Ibrahim Bashir Moez 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis is the first study done in the National Center for Neurological Sciences, Khartoum State, to assess the quality of life among more than 100 Sudanese epileptic patients, in the period from September to December 2020.MethodologyThis is a descriptive cross‐sectional study; data were collected using an interview‐based semi‐structured structured questionnaire and this questionnaire was modified from the SF‐36 model.ResultsMost of the patients were from urban areas and origin (60.2%), most of which were housewives; the majority of the patients were single and from low socioeconomic status, history of the disease was less than 3 years for most of the cases covered in this study, most of the cases were classified as generalized tonic clonic epilepsy, and normal EEG findings and normal MRI brain were found in 75.7% and 78.6%, respectively. Most patients mentioned that they experienced no attacks during the last month. Regarding mental health, 47.6% experienced symptoms of depression, and 75.7% had memory problems. In terms of physical health, 51.5% felt energetic all of the time, 9.7% experienced remarkable sleep disturbance, most of the patients are not driving nor have established hobbies during leisure time. 63.1% of the participants do not have health problems; 32% mentioned that they would feel stigmatized if an attack takes place in public. Commonest medication prescribed was carbamazepine, out of which 73.8% are fully compliant with their medication. 95.1% are not worried about long term use of medication.ConclusionLower levels of education and manual labor are associated with poor quality of life. Epilepsy has an adverse impact on social life. There is a global decrease in cognitive function, and most of the patients are not worried about the side effects and duration of the medication usage.
Racial and ethnic variation in multigene panel testing in a cohort of BRCA1/2‐negative individuals who had genetic testing in a large urban comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Tatineni Sushma , Tarockoff Meri , Abdallah Nadine , Purrington Kristen S. , Assad Hadeel , Reagle Rachel , Petrucelli Nancie , Simon Michael S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is sparse clinical information on the racial and ethnic distribution of results of multigene panel testing among individuals at high risk for hereditary cancer.MethodsWe evaluated the results of multigene panel testing across eight clinical sites across the state of Michigan for individuals seen for genetic counseling from May 13, 2013 to October 31, 2019 at the Karmanos Cancer Institute's cancer genetics clinic. We estimated the prevalence of pathogenic variants and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) from genes other than BRCA1/2 among individuals of non‐Hispanic White (NHW), Black or African American (AA), Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ), Arab, Hispanic, and other ancestry.ResultsThe racial and ethnic distribution of 2419 individuals who had panel testing included 68.8% NHW, 22.1% AA, 2.3% Arab, 2.2% AJ, 1.0% Hispanic, and 3.6% other. Of these, 11.2% had pathogenic variants and 17.5% had VUS. After multivariable analyses, compared to NHW, AA were less likely to have pathogenic variants (OR 95% CI, 0.38, 0.24–0.59, p < 0.001). Both AA and Arabs were more likely to have VUS (OR 95% CI, 1.53, 1.18–1.98, p = 0.001 and OR 95% CI, 2.28, 1.17–4.43, p = 0.015, respectively). There were no significant differences for other groups. The most common pathogenic variants were CHEK2 (n = 65), MUTYH (n = 45), ATM (n = 28), and MSH2 (n = 22); the most common pathogenic variants by race and ethnicity were CHEK2 (NHW), MSH2 and MUTYH (AA), MSH2 (Arab), MSH6 and CHEK2 (AJ), and MLH1 (Hispanic); the most common pathogenic variants by primary cancer site were CHEK2 (breast), MSH2 (colon), BRIP1 and MUTYH (ovarian), and MSH2 and MSH6 (endometrial).ConclusionsUnderstanding the racial and ethnic distribution of pathogenic variants in multi‐gene panels has the potential to lead to better identification of individuals at risk for hereditary cancer.
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: A Brief Review of Their Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
Authors: Narender Sakhamudi Sai , Varma Vadlamuri Venkata Siddhartha , Srikar Chundury Sai , Ruchitha Jadhav , Varma Pericharla Adarsh , Praveen Bulusu Venkata Sesha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractParticles with size in the range of 1–100 nm, considered in any dimension, are called nanoparticles (NPs). Among various nanoparticles, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NNPs) are important because of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. In the past two decades, significant research has been done on the synthesis of NNPs. Their applications range from energy storage to catalysis to antifungal and antibacterial activity. This review provides a brief overview of various methods used for synthesizing NNPs, their properties, and their applications. The synthesis methods are classified into physical synthesis, chemical synthesis, and green synthesis involving plants and microorganisms, especially fungi. Particular focus is given to the types of precursors used for their synthesis, morphology, particle size, and applications.
Stability studies of PtSn structured catalysts supported on thin layers of MAl2O4 (M: Mg, or Zn) for paraffins dehydrogenation reactions
Authors: Ballarini Adriana , Zgolicz Patricia , de Miguel Sergio , Bocanegra Sonia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn order to determine the catalytic stability, PtSn structured catalysts supported on thin films of MgAl2O4 or ZnAl2O4 deposited on α‐Al2O3 spheres were studied through five reaction‐regeneration cycles in the n‐butane dehydrogenation. Bimetallic catalysts show good catalytic stability along the five reaction‐regeneration cycles. Among the different synthesized catalysts, the PtSn/Sp‐Zn‐CN catalyst showed the best catalytic behaviour, showing very good values of yields to butenes and excellent catalytic stability along the cycles, even better than the one of a structured commercial catalyst used industrially for the dehydrogenation of paraffins. The characterization results by temperature‐programmed reduction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed some modifications in the metallic phase of the catalysts after the cycles, mainly in the Sn/Pt surface ratios and in segregation effects in some catalysts. However, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results are conclusive in the sense that, after the cycles, the bimetallic catalysts maintained a very high proportion of particles with sizes between 1–2 nm, and therefore, preserved a high metallic dispersion.
Stability criteria and convective mass transfer from the falling spherical drops, part II: Herschel–Bulkley fluids
Authors: Alam Md J. , Nirmalkar Neelkanth , Gupta Anoop K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe combined effects of yield stress, shear‐thinning, and shear‐thickening fluid behaviour are investigated when a drop is falling in a Herschel–Bulkley fluid. The constitutive relation for Herschel–Bulkley fluids is regularized using the Papanastasiou regularization method. The governing partial differential equations for mass, momentum, and species transport are solved spanning a wide range of dimensionless numbers as Reynolds number, ; Schmidt number (10); Bingham number, ; viscosity ratio (0.1 and 10); and power‐law index, . The velocity field and mass transfer characteristics are expressed using streamlines, velocity contours, concentration contours, and sheared and un‐sheared regions, while the surface averaged gross engineering quantities are described as a drag coefficient, yield‐stress parameter, and Sherwood number. All else being equal, sheared regions in shear‐thinning fluids are observed to be larger with respect to the shear‐thickening fluids at finite Reynolds numbers. In the fully plastic flow limit, the yield stress effects dominate in the flow field, and therefore, the critical yield‐stress parameter is observed to be independent of shear‐thinning and shear‐thickening fluid behaviours. However, in the viscoplastic limit (finite Bingham number), shear‐thinning fluid always requires a larger value of yield stress to be static in the fluid with reference to shear‐thickening fluids. The new set of dimensionless parameters are defined based on the effective viscosity scales, and the predictive correlations are put forward for both drag coefficient and Sherwood number.
Synergism of enzymes in chemical pulp bleaching from an industrial point of view: A critical review
Authors: Immerzeel Peter , Fiskari Juha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEnzymes are biological catalysts and are very specific, catalyzing either a single chemical reaction or a limited number of closely related reactions. For example, xylanases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of polymeric xylan and thereby break down this hemicellulose. The first xylanase enzyme preparations used in the bleaching process of chemical pulp also contained cellulase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose. This obviously had an adverse effect on pulp yield and quality. Unfortunately, this setback gave enzyme‐assisted pulp bleaching a negative reputation. At a later stage, enzyme producers managed to engineer enzyme production strains that generated cellulase‐free xylanase preparations. However, due to the initial negative experiences with the earlier enzyme mixtures, only a limited number of companies in the pulp industry have seriously considered using these so‐called second‐generation enzymes in their bleach plants. It is apparent that these improved enzyme preparations would bring about significant benefits in terms of chemical cost savings and effluent quality. In addition to xylanase‐aided bleaching, it is possible to improve the effectivity further by adding other enzymes, such as lipase and esterase, to create an enzyme cocktail. This may be particularly beneficial in the bleaching of hardwood pulp, such as white birch, which often encounters complex and troublesome problems with wood extractives. By adding different types of enzymes at more than one position in the fiberline, even further improvements are possible. The main objective of this review is to discuss the advantages of incorporating modern enzyme preparations in the bleaching of chemical pulp.
Spatial omics: Navigating to the golden era of cancer research
Authors: Wu Yingcheng , Cheng Yifei , Wang Xiangdong , Fan Jia , Gao Qiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe idea that tumour microenvironment (TME) is organised in a spatial manner will not surprise many cancer biologists; however, systematically capturing spatial architecture of TME is still not possible until recent decade. The past five years have witnessed a boom in the research of high‐throughput spatial techniques and algorithms to delineate TME at an unprecedented level. Here, we review the technological progress of spatial omics and how advanced computation methods boost multi‐modal spatial data analysis. Then, we discussed the potential clinical translations of spatial omics research in precision oncology, and proposed a transfer of spatial ecological principles to cancer biology in spatial data interpretation. So far, spatial omics is placing us in the golden age of spatial cancer research. Further development and application of spatial omics may lead to a comprehensive decoding of the TME ecosystem and bring the current spatiotemporal molecular medical research into an entirely new paradigm.