bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Coastal Vulnerability Index using the geospatial technique for the coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Abijith Devanantham , Saravanan Subbarayan , Sundar Parthasarathy Kulithalai Shiyam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop a spatial coastal vulnerability index (CVI) map for the Tamil Nadu (TN) coast of India. TN has a diversity of coastal and marine environments, which are ecologically fragile zones. Climate change is expected to increase the intensity and frequency of severe coastal hazards, such as those brought on by rising sea levels, cyclones, storm surges, tsunamis, erosion, and accretion, which will have a severe impact on the local environmental and socioeconomic conditions. This research employed expert knowledge as well as weights and scores from the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to create vulnerability maps includes the integration of various parameters such as geomorphology, Land use and Land Cover (LULC), Significant Wave Height (SWH), Sea Level Rise (SLR), Shoreline Change (SLC), Bathymetry, Elevation and coastal inundation. Based on the results very low 17.26%, low 30.77%, Moderate 23.46%, high 18.20% and very high 10.28%. The several locations tend to be high and very high due to coastal structures and land-use patterns, but few are high because of geomorphological features. This study establishes a framework for decision-makers to implement climate change adaptation and mitigation actions in coastal zones.
Anomaly detection from images in pipes using GAN
Authors: Yumoto Shigeki , Kitukawa Takumi , Moro Alessandro , Pathak Sarthak , Nakamura Taro , Umeda Kazunori 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the number of pipes that have exceeded their service life is increasing. Therefore, earthworm-type robots equipped with cameras have been developed to perform regularly inspections of sewage pipes. However, inspection methods have not yet been established. This paper proposes a method for anomaly detection from images in pipes using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). A model that combines f-AnoGAN and Lightweight GAN is used to detect anomalies by taking the difference between input images and generated images. Since the GANs are only trained with non-defective images, they are able to convert an image containing defects into one without them. Subtraction images is used to estimate the location of anomalies. Experiments were conducted using actual images of cast iron pipes to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Also validated using sewer-ml, a public dataset.
Risk factors for COVID-19 infection in a longitudinal statewide seroepidemiology cohort
Authors: McQuade Elizabeth T.R. , Becker Lea , Stroup Suzanne E. , Khan Fauzia , Shah Bhruga , Brush John , Goldsmith Gay , Mullin Rebecca , Guilliams Danielle , deFilippi Christopher , Barackman Kathleen , Mohr Andrea B. , Farrell Francis , Bearman Gonzalo , Peake Lilian , Houpt Eric R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Virginia is a large state in the USA, yet it remains unclear what percentage of the population has had natural COVID-19 infection and whether risk factors for infection have changed over time.
Methods: Using a longitudinal cohort, from December 2021-July 2021 we performed follow up serology and a questionnaire on 784 individuals from across Virginia who had previously participated in a statewide COVID-19 seroepidemiology study in 2020. Children were also invited to participate and an additional 62 children also completed the study. Serology was performed using Roche nucleocapsid and spike serological assays.
Results: The majority of participants were white (78.6%), over 50 years old (60.9%), and reported having received COVID-19 vaccine (93.4%). 28.6% had evidence of prior COVID-19 infection (nucleocapsid positive). Approximately 25-53% of COVID-19 infections were asymptomatic. Infection rates were lower in individuals >60 years old and were higher in Blacks and Hispanics. Infection rates were also higher in those without health insurance, in those with greater numbers of household children, and in those that reported a close contact or having undergone quarantine for COVID-19. Participants from Southwest Virginia had lower seropositivity (16.2%, 95% CI 6.5, 26.0) than other geographic regions. Boosted vaccinees had lower infection rates than non-boosted vaccinees. Frequenting indoor bars trended towards being a significant risk factor for infection, while frequently wearing an N95 mask trended towards protection. Infection rates were higher in children than adults (56.5% vs. 28.6%). Infection in the parent was a risk factor for child infection. Spike antibody levels declined with time since last vaccination, particularly in those that were vaccinated but not previously infected.
Conclusions: In this longitudinal statewide cohort we observed a lower than expected COVID-19 infection rate as of August 2022. Boosted vaccinees had lower infection rates. Children had higher infection rates and infections tracked within households. Previously identified demographic risk factors for infection tended to persist. Even after the omicron peak, a large number of Virginians remain uninfected with COVID-19, underscoring the need for ongoing vaccination strategies.
Laser pulse compression by a density gradient plasma for exawatt to zettawatt lasers
Authors: Hur MinSup , Ersfeld Bernhard , Lee Hyojeong , Kim Hyunseok , Rho Kyungmin , Lee Yunkyu , Song Hyung Seon , Kumar Manoj , Yoffe Samuel , Jaroszynski Dino , Suk Hyyong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We propose a new method of compressing laser pulses to ultra-high powers based on spatially varying dispersion of a plasma plume that has a density gradient. Here, compression is achieved when a long, negatively frequency-chirped laser pulse reflects off the density ramp of an over-dense plasma slab. As the density increases longitudinally, high frequency photons at the leading part of the laser pulse penetrate more deeply into the plasma region than lower frequency photons, leading to pulse compression in a similar way to that off a chirped mirror. Proof-of-principle simulations carried out using a one-dimensional (1-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation code demonstrate compression of 2.35 ps laser pulse to 10.3 fs, with a compression ratio of 225. As plasma is robust and resistant to damage at high intensities, unlike solid-state gratings commonly used in chirped-pulse amplification (CPA), the method could be used as a compressor to reach exawatt or zettawatt peak powers.
Why should we learn medicine?——A questionnaire survey based on 2338 medical freshmen in 3 local medical colleges
Authors: Zheng Yanan , Hu Die , Yin Mei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors with the willingness of desire to be doctors in medical freshmen from Chinese local medical colleges, and to provide references for the construction and improvement of courses, such as humanistic medicine courses and professional quality courses, for the formulation of the work plan of enrollment and employment departments, and student management.
Methods: In October 2021, 2338 freshmen majoring in clinical medicine from Gannan Medical College, Qiqihar Medical College, and Hunan University of Medicine were surveyed with the self-compiled questionnaire of medical freshmen's willingness to practice medicine and its influencing factors.
Results: In this sample, the medical freshmen had shown a high willingness with the desire to be doctors after graduation（58.04%）; the prevalence of willingness with the desire to be doctors after graduation among medical freshmen in urban areas（χ2=6.276， P=0.012） and medical staff in parents（χ2=10.154， P=0.001）was higher than that in rural areas and no medical staff in parents; The willingness of medical freshmen to practice medicine was affected by six factors: having medical staff in their parents (OR=1.630, P=0.001), thinking that doctors have high income (OR=2.878, P < 0.001), healing the wounded and rescuing the dying(OR=2.333, P < 0.001), and knowing the situation about resident physician normalized training policy in China (OR=1.430, P=0.001), teachers, relatives, and friends think medicine is a good major and suggest to study medicine (OR=0.480, P < 0.001) and COVID-19 (OR=1.561, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The willingness of new medical students to practice medicine is affected by many factors and is different from the expectation. Medical colleges should take effective measures according to the influencing factors and enhance the effect of professional ideological education.
Proposal and application of indexes for dynamic evaluation of indoor humidity and thermal environment
Authors: HU JIALE , Wang Yingying , Wang Dengjia , Du Hu , Fan Jianhua , Liu Yanfeng , Sun Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Moisture sources release wet-components into and absorb from the indoor air, affecting the occupant health, air-conditioning energy-consumption, and building service-life. Considering the strong dynamic features of wet-component’s evaporation and diffusion, we propose indexes CRI(H)t and CRI(C)t, which can accurately describe dynamical effects of sources on the indoor-environment. Taking a humidifier as a source, we subsequently compare the indexes under various source-parameters and environmental conditions. The results show that according to the variation of CRI(H)t and CRI(C)t, the process of sources influencing humidity and temperature field can be subdivided into rapid-increase/stable-increase/stable stage and decrease/increase stage. The variability and time-ratio of indices can provide a comprehensive understanding of sources with various intensities and water-temperatures affecting the indoor environment at different atmospheric-pressures, temperatures, and humidity. This study will be beneficial for the establishment of transient indoor environmental models, regulation of air-conditioning systems, and sustainable control of indoor environment.
Emotion Regulation Skills Affect Working Memory Performance: a Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs) Study*
Authors: Kodak Rabia Nur , Yıldırım Erol 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Emotion is a component of human psychology. Emotion regulation (ER) is called regulating the way that emotion is experienced and expressed. Emotion regulation can be done automatically and in a controlled manner. Working memory (WM) is an executive function necessary for the functionality of daily life. Working memory models are built on optimum emotional state. Previous studies have found that emotional state influences the WM. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ER skill on WM. For this, a disturbing video was watched for emotional stimulation and with that, the difference between the 2-back pre-post tests and the 2-back performance was observed. ADFES-BIV was applied to measure the emotion regulation skills. The results show that the people with good ER have less impairment in WM than those with poor ER. The main hypothesis is supported by both behavioral data and neuroimaging results. During the working memory task, an hyperactivation was observed in the right/left dlPFC and mPFC regions of the group with high emotion recognition scores compared to the lower group. Furthermore, our results show that trait anxiety level is also related to the emotion regulation skills.
Initial Lactate Level Affects the Relationship between Early Lactate Measurement and mortality in Septic Patients: a Cohort Study Based on the eICU-CRD database
Authors: Chang Le , Lian Cheng , Chen Xinglin , Zhang Xiao-Ming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background.
Previous studies have reported a negative association between early lactate measurement and mortality among septic patients with lactate levels > 2 mmol/L. However, this present association among septic patients with lactate less than 2mmol/L is unknown.
Methods.
This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the United States with 208 distinct ICUs. The original data were extracted from a public database (eICU Collaborative Research Database). Our study only focused on septic patients. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the association between the time of lactate measurement and 28-day mortality.
Results.
This study included 6334 participants (median [IQR] age, 67 [56–77] years; 3121 (49.3%) female) with the rate of 28-day mortality being 10.6% (671) after ICU admission. After full adjustment, logistic regression results found that the time to finish lactate measurement was associated with a higher risk of 28-day mortality among septic patients with lactate > 2 mmol/L (OR = 1.028 (95% CI, 1.004–1.053; P = 0.024). Similar results were observed among patients with lactate of 1–2 mmol/L (OR = 1.036,95%CI: 1.010–1.064; P = 0.007). In addition, for patients with remeasurement lactate > 2 mmol/L, the time to finish remeasurement of lactate was significantly associated with 28-day morality in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.044; 95% CI, 1.016–1.073; P = 0.002.)
Conclusion.
Regardless of initial lactate 1–2 mmol/L or > 2 mmol/L, early lactate measurement could help to reduce the risk of 28-day mortality for septic patients. Repeating the measurement after the initial measurement is appropriate for patients whose remeasurement lactate was > 2 mmol/L. These findings need confirmation in other studies.
Stroke-like manifestation of a spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with spontaneous resolution: A case report
Authors: Bi May Na Xue , Min Kathleen Khoo Swee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

This case reports presents the case of a man with no known coagulopathy or preceding trauma, who spontaneously developed a spinal epidural hematoma (SEH). This is an uncommon condition which can have variable presentations including hemiparesis mimicking stroke, resulting in the potential for misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Case presentation

A 28-year-old Chinese male with no past medical history presented with sudden onset neck pain associated with bilateral upper limbs and right lower limb subjective numbness but intact motor function. He was discharged after adequate pain relief but re-attended the emergency department with right hemiparesis. A magnetic resonance imaging of his spine revealed an acute cervical spinal epidural hematoma at C5 and C6. While admitted, he had spontaneous improvement of his neurological function and was eventually managed conservatively.

Conclusions

SEH, although uncommon, can be a mimic of stroke and it is important to avoid misdiagnosis as it is a time critical diagnosis, and administration of thrombolysis or antiplatelets can lead to unfavorable outcomes. Having a high clinical suspicion can help to guide us in the choice of imaging and interpretation of subtle signs to reach the correct diagnosis in a timely manner. Further research is required to better understand the factors that would favour a conservative approach as opposed to surgical treatment.
FK506 (Tacrolimus) can suppress the progression of colorectal cancer via the FKBP51 - NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Changliang , Xia Zhixiu , Cong Jinchun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is very common and deadly tumors. FKBP51 was found had relateion to some cancers, but the role of FKBP51 in CRC is not clear. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between FKBP51 and CRC, and uncover the roles of FK506 to CRC.
Methods:
A total of 96 CRC patients were recruited. The expressions of FKBP51 in tumors and adjacent normal tissues was observed, and the relationship between the expression of FKBP51 and the prognosis of patients was analyzed by survival analysis and COX regression analyses. The mechanisms of FKBP51 and the roles of FK506 on CRC progression were clarified by immunohistochemistry, MTS, scratch assay, transwell and Flow cytometric analysis via in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Results:
FKBP51 was overexpressed in 77 cancer tissues compared to the matched normal tissues, and the overall survival (OS) rate of these patients was relatively shorter. The upregulation or downregulation of FKBP51 dramatically increased or decreased the abilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC cells. The expressions of NF-κB, IKKα, MMP-2, MMP-9 were positive related to FKBP51. FK506 can restrain the progression of CRC via FKBP51/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Conclusion:
Our study identified the regulatory role of FKBP51 in the progression of CRC. Targeting FKBP51 may provide novel treatment approaches for CRC. FK506 can inhibit the progression of CRC by restraining the FKBP51/NF-κB signaling pathway, and it is expected to become a new drug for the treatment of CRC.
The spirit of literature about the underlying problems facing patients’ health and rights caused by pharmaceutical businesses: A text mining based systematic review
Authors: Seddigh Mohammad Reza , Nourigheimasi Farnoush 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to discover the independent structures of pharmaceutical businesses that influence patients’ health and rightsin the literature review. As well as mechanisms of mistreatment.MethodologyThe method of this study is conducting literature review using textual mining with R. LDA as a three-level hierarchical Bayesian model was used in this essay.FindingsThis paper identified nine role players of the supply chain: suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, pharmacies, consumers, and patients (End user), physicians, insurance companies, governments and IT providers. The primary findings of literature were mechanisms of corruption, education and public awareness, insurance companies’ policies, pharmacies design and governments and relationship among governments. In a much deeper analysis this paper identified three independent root factors that are the major problems of the supply chain, including third party supported by government, governmental regulations and government supervised by the UN.OriginalityThis topic is a novel approach to identify the underline problems affecting patients’ health and rights. No study has conducted in-depth analysis on literature review to discover the hidden meaning of the authors.Paper type:Review Article
Long-term exposure of the red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi to diclofenac: impact on survival, growth, and reproductive potential
Authors: Zanitti Marina , Medesani Daniel A , Rodriguez Enrique M. , Greco Laura S López 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The current study was aimed at studying the long-term effects of diclofenac on the freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi, concerning survival, somatic growth, and reproduction. To this study, both ovigerous females and males of this species were exposed for 63 d to 0 (control), 0.1, or 1 mg/L of diclofenac. At the highest concentration, significant mortality was detected, and the somatic growth of females was significantly decreased. The percentage of females with a second spawn, observable from day 45, significantly increased at 1 mg/L, while the time between spawns was significantly reduced at both concentrations assayed. However, the gonadal analysis made at the end of the assay in the surviving females showed a significantly lower proportion of advanced oocytes in females exposed to 1 mg/L, as compared to control. Concerning hatching, the percentage of ovigerous females that could have successful hatching was reduced at 1 mg/L of diclofenac, especially for the first spawn. For the second spawn, the number of juveniles hatched from females exposed to 1 mg/L was reduced compared to control; these juveniles also showed a significantly higher incidence of morphological abnormalities, such as hydropsy and underdeveloped appendages. Taken together, these results showed that even when diclofenac was able to produce earlier spawns, the reproductive output of each spawn was reduced. No differences in the spermatophore structure were seen in the distal vas deferens of surviving males.
Characterization of a novel mycotombus-like virus from the plant pathogenic fungus Phoma matteucciicola
Authors: Zhou Siyu , Chen Daipeng , Fu Yujia , Zhou Jingyi , Yang Yingqing , Xie Changping , Zheng Li 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Here, we report a novel mycotombus-like mycovirus, tentatively named ‘Phoma matteucciicola RNA virus 2’ (PmRV2), derived from the phytopathogenic fungus Phoma matteucciicola strain HNQH1. The complete PmRV2 genome is comprised of 3,460 nucleotides (nts), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) with a GC content of 56.71%. Sequence analysis of PmRV2 indicated the presence of two noncontiguous open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a hypothetical protein and a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively. PmRV2 contains a metal-binding ‘GDN’ triad in Motif C of RdRp while most + ssRNA mycoviruses contained a ‘GDD’ motif in the same region. Additionally, a BLASTp search showed that the RdRp amino acid sequence of PmRV2 was most closely related to the RdRp of Macrophomina phaseolina umbra-like virus 1 (50.72% identity) and Erysiphe necator umbra-like virus 2 (EnUlV2, 44.84% identity). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PmRV2 grouped together with EnUlV2 within the recently proposed family of ‘Mycotombusviridae’.
Selenium uptake, translocation, subcellular distribution and speciation in winter wheat in responses to phosphorus application combined with three kinds of selenium fertilizer
Authors: Hu Caixia , Liu Hongen , Shi Huazhong , Peng Hongyu , Li Guangxin , Li Chang , Nie Zhaojun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Selenium (Se) deficiency caused a series of health disorders in human beings, and Se concentration in the edible parts of crops can be improved by altering exogenous Se species. However, the uptake, transport, subcellular distribution and metabolism of selenite, selenate and SeMet influenced by phosphorus (P) has not been well characterized.
Results
The resulted showed that increasing P supply enhanced photosynthesis and then increase the dry matter weight of shoots at selenite and SeMet, and appropriate P combined with selenite increased the dry matter weight of roots by enhancing root growth. At selenite, increasing P supply significantly decreased the concentration and accumulation of Se in roots and shoots. P1 decreased the Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the inhibited distribution of Se in root cell wall but increased distribution of Se in root soluble fraction, as well as the promoted proportion of SeMet and MeSeCys in roots. At selenate, P0.1 and P1 significantly increased the Se concentration and distribution in shoots and Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the enhanced proportion of Se(IV) in roots but decreased proportion of SeMet in roots. At SeMet, increasing P supply significantly decreased Se concentration in shoots and roots, but increased the proportion of SeCys in roots.
Conclusion
Compared with selenite or SeMet, appropriate P combined with selenite could promote plant growth, reduce Se uptake, alter Se subcellular distribution and speciation, and then affect the Se bioavailability in wheat.