bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Psychology
Authors: Fang Wei-Ta , Hassan Arba’at , LePage Ben A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe explore environmental cognition, personality traits, social norms, environmental stress, and the healing environment. Cognition is the learning process of identifying the light, sound, smell, and feel of the space around us and then forming concepts of what we sense and then create visual images in our minds of what we are perceiving. This then allows us to respond appropriately to stimuli and what we believe to be true. Therefore, we review the cognitive theory of environmental learning and then move to an exploration of the social theory associated with environmental learning and our understanding of nature. The use of different epistemological methods gradually unlocks the influencing factors of environmental behaviors, such as personality traits and social norms with the objective of explaining socialbehavior. Finally, by understanding environmental stress, it becomes apparent that humanity needs redemption and healing through the power of nature, including nourishment of phytoncide, vitamin D, and the exposure to of outdoorenvironments such as forests and oceans to reduce stress. This then helps restore our physical and mental health and strengthens our thinking and decision-making processes.
Environmental Learning and Communication
Authors: Fang Wei-Ta , Hassan Arba’at , LePage Ben A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEnvironmental learning is an act of communication. Whether it is self-directed learning, learning through teachers or professors, or learning through an online platform, all need a learningmedium and content. Therefore, environmental learning and communication in this chapter refer to how individuals, institutions, socialgroups, and cultural communities produce, share, accept, understand, and properly use the environmental information, and then utilize the relationship between humansociety and the environment through using environmental communication. In the interaction of the social network of humansociety, from interpersonal communication to virtual communities, modern humans need to participate in environmental decision-making to understand the problems that occur in the world’s environment through environmental media reports. Therefore, this chapter could be focused on “learning as process” and, see how to learn from theorized fields of studies. We may encourage that you may learn from spoken, written, audio-visual, image, and information exchanges through carriers such as learningfields, learning plans, learning mode, information transmission, and communication media. It is hoped that environmental learning and communication, through creation, adopt diverse communication methods and platforms to establish the correct environmental information pipeline.
Generalized parton distributions through universal moment parameterization: zero skewness case
Authors: Guo Yuxun , Ji Xiangdong , Shiells Kyle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present a global analysis program for the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) based on conformal moment expansion. We apply the strategy of universal moment parameterization to fit both the collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) from phenomenology and generalized form factors from lattice calculations, and show that the parameterization is flexible enough to accommodate these constraints. In addition, we can also fit direct lattice calculations of GPDs from large-momentum effective theory. In this work we focus on the analysis of t-dependent PDFs which correspond to GPDs in the ξ → 0 limit. The strategy also applies to the ξ ≠ 0 region with extra parameters, and therefore can be fitted to experimental observables in the future. With a demonstrative example of fitted GPDs, we exhibit the quark transverse angular momentum densities of the proton as well as the impact parameter space distributions of quarks in both unpolarized and transversely polarized protons.
Regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: functions, development, regulation, and therapeutic potential
Authors: Yan Shuaifeng , Kotschenreuther Konstantin , Deng Shuya , Kofler David M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints but also leads to systemic inflammation. Auto-reactivity and dysregulation of self-tolerance are thought to play a vital role in disease onset. In the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, disturbed immunosuppressive properties of regulatory T cells contribute to the dysregulation of immune homeostasis. In RA patients, the functions of Treg cells and their frequency are reduced. Therefore, focusing on the re-establishment of self-tolerance by increasing Treg cell frequencies and preventing a loss of function is a promising strategy for the treatment of RA. This approach could be especially beneficial for those patients who do not respond well to current therapies. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the function, differentiation and regulation of Treg cells in RA patients and in animal models of autoimmune arthritis. In addition, we highlight the therapeutic potential as well as the challenges of Treg cell targeting treatment strategies.
Validation of a Manual Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Device (PragmaVAC) for Acute and Chronic Wounds: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Hariri Mahmoud , Maaz Bakry , Netfagi Measser , Alawa Jude , Sattouf Ahmad , Dubies Hussam Alden , Alahmad Jehad , Seyitisa Muhammet Fuat , Godier‐Furnemont Amandine , Ghali Abedalkarem , Ghandour Ahmad , Abdullah Zohair , Alsaleh Munther , Almousa Ibrahim , Habib Waiel , Alshaer Hisham 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundNegative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an alternative to the standard gauze dressings for wound treatment. Due to limited health resources, poor electrical supply, and high costs, NPWT in resource‐constrained settings is inaccessible. In conflict‐affected settings, civilian injuries typically involve traumatic wounds or chronic wound infections that affect the extremities.MethodsPragmaVAC® is a manually operated NPWT device designed to increase accessibility to NPWT without the need of electrical power. We aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of PragmaVAC through a controlled, non‐blinded open‐label clinical trial in a resource‐constrained locality. The endpoint was formation of granulation tissue sufficient for wound closure.ResultsFifty‐nine patients qualified for analysis (19 Gauze; 40 PragmaVAC). The mean age of participants was 49.25 years, 55.9% were male, and 42.4% were diabetic. Forty three wounds (72.9%) were acute, 44 wounds (74.6%) were clean‐contaminated, and 34 wounds (57.6%) were localized to the lower limb. The average duration of treatment was 15.3 days in PragmaVAC vs 36.5 days in control, p = 0.013. Similarly, PragmaVAC required fewer number of dressing changes 2.7 vs 23.2 times, p < 0.0001, at a lower frequency of dressings 0.22/day vs 0.73/day, in the control group, p < 0.0001.ConclusionsPragmaVAC is associated with accelerated healing and less frequent requirement of dressing changes. The introduction of a manually operated, low‐cost device in resource‐constrained settings presents an opportunity to improve wound care outcomes, decrease interventions, and optimize usage of material and human resources.
Percutaneous Large-Bore Pulmonary Thrombectomy with the FlowTriever Device: Initial Experience in Intermediate-High and High-Risk Patients
Authors: Luedemann W. M. , Zickler D. , Kruse J. , Koerner R. , Lenk J. , Erxleben C. , Torsello G. F. , Fehrenbach U. , Jonczyk M. , Guenther R. W. , De Bucourt M. , Gebauer B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This retrospective cohort study investigates outcomes of patients with intermediate-high and high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) who were treated with transfemoral mechanical thrombectomy (MT) using the large-bore Inari FlowTriever aspiration catheter system.

Material and Methods
Twenty-seven patients (mean age 56.1 ± 15.3 years) treated with MT for PE between 04/2021 and 11/2021 were reviewed. Risk stratification was performed according to European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Clinical and hemodynamic characteristics before and after the procedure were compared with the paired Student’s t test, and duration of hospital stay was analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier estimator. Procedure-related adverse advents were assessed.

Results
Of 27 patients treated, 18 were classified as high risk. Mean right-to-left ventricular ratio on baseline CT was 1.7 ± 0.6. After MT, a statistically significant reduction in mean pulmonary artery pressures from 35.9 ± 9.6 to 26.1 ± 9.0 mmHg (p = 0.002) and heart rates from 109.4 ± 22.5 to 82.8 ± 13.8 beats per minute (p < 0.001) was achieved. Two patients died of prolonged cardiogenic shock. Three patients died of post-interventional complications of which a paradoxical embolism can be considered related to MT. One patient needed short cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the procedure due to clot displacement. Patients with PE as primary driver of clinical instability had a median intensive care unit (ICU) stay of 2 days (0.5–3.5 days). Patients who developed PE as a complication of an underlying medical condition spent 11 days (9.5–12.5 days) in the ICU.

Conclusion
In this small study population of predominantly high-risk PE patients, large-bore MT without adjunctive thrombolysis was feasible with an acceptable procedure-related complication rate.
Novel anatomical findings with implications on the etiology of the piriformis syndrome
Authors: Larionov Alexey , Yotovski Peter , Filgueira Luis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The cause of the piriformis-related pelvic and extra-pelvic pain syndromes is still not well understood. Usually, the piriformis syndrome is seen as extra-pelvic sciatica caused by the entrapment of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis in its crossing through the greater sciatic foramen. However, the piriformis muscle may compress additional nerve structures in other regions and cause idiotypic pelvic pain, pelvic visceral pain, pudendal neuralgia, and pelvic organ dysfunction. There is still a lack of detailed description of the muscle origin, topography, and its possible relationships with the anterior branches of the sacral spinal nerves and with the sacral plexus. In this research, we aimed to characterize the topographic relationship of the piriformis with its surrounding anatomical structures, especially the anterior branches of the sacral spinal nerves and the sacral plexus in the pelvic cavity, as well as to estimate the possible role of anatomical piriformis variants in pelvic pain and extra-pelvic sciatica.

Methods
Human cadaveric material was used accordingly to the Swiss Academy of Medical Science Guidelines adapted in 2021 and the Federal Act on Research involving Human Beings (Human Research ACT, HRA, status as 26, May 2021). All body donors gave written consent for using their bodies for teaching and research. 14 males and 26 females were included in this study. The age range varied from 64 to 97 years (mean 84 ± 10.7 years, median 88).

Results
three variants of the sacral origin of the piriformis were found when referring to the relationship between the muscle and the anterior sacral foramen. Firstly, the medial muscle origin pattern and its complete covering of the anterior sacral foramen by the piriformis muscle is the most frequent anatomical variation (43% in males, 70% in females), probably with the most relevant clinical impact. This pattern may result in the compression of the anterior branches of the sacral spinal nerves when crossing the muscle.

Conclusions
These new anatomical findings may provide a better understanding of the complex piriformis and pelvic pain syndromes due to compression of the sacral spinal nerves with their somatic or autonomous (parasympathetic) qualities when crossing the piriformis.
Cross domain fusion for spatiotemporal applications: taking interdisciplinary, holistic research to the next level
Authors: Renz Matthias , Kröger Peer , Koschmider Agnes , Landsiedel Olaf , Tavares de Sousa Nelson 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExploiting the power of collective use of complementing data sources for the discovery of new correlations and findings offers enormous additional value compared to the summed values of isolated analysis of the individual information sources. In this article, we will introduce the concept of “cross domain fusion” (CDF) as a machine learning and pattern mining driven and multi-disciplinary research approach for fusing data and knowledge from a variety of sources enabling the discovery of answers of the question to be examined from a more complete picture. The article will give a basic introduction in this emerging field and will highlight examples of basic CDF tasks in the field of marine science.
Synthesis and characterization of functionalized modified PVC-chitosan as antimicrobial polymeric biomaterial
Authors: Rabie Samira T. , Abdel-Monem Reham A. , Darwesh Osama M. , Gaballah Samir T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmino acetic acid modified poly(vinyl chloride), MPVC, was obtained by chemical modification of PVC using glycine methyl ester. MPVC was used as a precursor to prepare some functionalized MPVC conjugates to be used in biomedical applications. MPVC-Cs was prepared by the chemical reaction of MPVC with chitosan as a natural polymer in absence and presence of epichlorohydrin (Ech) as a crosslinking agent. Further chemical modification was performed by the reaction of MPVC with Cs and salicylic acid in the absence in presence of Ech via one-pot reaction. The chemical structure of the formed MPVC, MPVC-Cs, MPVC-Cs/POH, MPVC-Cs/SA and MPVC-Cs/POH/SA was confirmed by the FTIR spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activity of the prepared MPVC and its conjugates was investigated against two Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous and Listeria monocytogenes) and (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) as Gram −ve bacteria in addition to the Catondida albicans as yeast. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was also determined for the prepared materials.
A general framework for spatial GARCH models
Authors: Otto Philipp , Schmid Wolfgang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn time-series analysis, particularly in finance, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models are widely applied statistical tools for modelling volatility clusters (i.e., periods of increased or decreased risk). In contrast, it has not been considered to be of critical importance until now to model spatial dependence in the conditional second moments. Only a few models have been proposed for modelling local clusters of increased risks. In this paper, we introduce a novel spatial GARCH process in a unified spatial and spatiotemporal GARCH framework, which also covers all previously proposed spatial ARCH models, exponential spatial GARCH, and time-series GARCH models. In contrast to previous spatiotemporal and time series models, this spatial GARCH allows for instantaneous spill-overs across all spatial units. For this common modelling framework, estimators are derived based on a non-linear least-squares approach. Eventually, the use of the model is demonstrated by a Monte Carlo simulation study and by an empirical example that focuses on real estate prices from 1995 to 2014 across the postal code areas of Berlin. A spatial autoregressive model is applied to the data to illustrate how locally varying model uncertainties (e.g., due to latent regressors) can be captured by the spatial GARCH-type models.
The effect of high-throughput vitrification of human ovarian cortex tissue on follicular viability: a promising alternative to conventional slow freezing?
Authors: Schallmoser Andreas , Einenkel Rebekka , Färber Cara , Emrich Norah , John Julia , Sänger Nicole 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The standard procedure most frequently used for ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is slow freezing, while vitrification has been proposed as promising alternative and has built an impressive catalog of success in fertility laboratories regarding cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos.

Methods
We developed and evaluated a high-throughput protocol for vitrification of human ovarian tissue suitable for clinical processing. Follicular viability was assessed via calcein staining prior and after cryopreservation analyzing ovarian tissue of a cohort of 30 patients.

Results
We found no significant differences regarding follicular viability between slow frozen and vitrified cortex tissue samples 24 h after thawing and rapid warming. Follicular viability of thawed and rapid warmed samples was not significantly different in comparison to fresh samples, indicating high proportions of follicular survival rates with both methods.

Conclusions
High-throughput vitrification is a promising option in a clinical setting. More research is required to determine the status of other tissue-specific quality indicators potentially influencing on autotransplantation.
Inferences on the magmatic plumbing system at Stromboli volcano (Italy) from trace element geochemistry of matrix glasses and minerals in different types of explosive eruptions
Authors: Landi Patrizia , D’Oriano Claudia , Petrelli Maurizio , Nazzari Manuela , Andronico Daniele 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStromboli (Italy) is a basaltic volcano characterized by persistent, mild strombolian activity, occasionally interrupted by lava effusion and more violent explosive events, named major explosions and paroxysms depending on their intensity and magnitude. The normal activity is fed by a shallow and degassed highly porphyritic (HP) shoshonitic basalt carrying about 50 vol.% crystals settled in a shoshonitic glassy matrix (K2O > 3.8 wt.%). The more energetic explosions erupt a deep, volatile-rich, low-porphyritic (LP) magma with < 10 vol.% crystals in a shoshonitic basaltic glassy matrix (K2O < 2.4 wt.%). Products with intermediate glass composition are also found in the more violent explosive events. In this study, we present a new data set of major and trace element contents in matrix glasses and minerals performed in products from different types of explosive activity that occurred at Stromboli between 1998 and 2020. This large data set is used to put constraints on the evolution and architecture of the intermediate plumbing system, where the transformation from LP to HP occurs. Results indicate that, compared to paroxysms, the glassy matrices of the LP pumices from major explosions are richer in incompatible trace elements (and K2O wt.%) due to < 15 wt.% fractionation of clinopyroxene and olivine. This points to a chemical zoning of the deep reservoir and suggests that major explosions are fed by magmas residing in its upper part. Among the major explosions, the homogeneous intermediate glasses in the products from the 19 July 2020 event originate from the interplay of mixing and crystal fractionation processes. The crystallization of euhedral microphenocrysts of An-rich plagioclase suggests that batches of magma can pond and crystallize for few days (< 11) at the base of the intermediate zone of the plumbing system, at pressure coinciding with the entering of plagioclase into the system (< 100 MPa). As a relevant point for understanding the pre- and syn-eruptive magma dynamics, data indicate a positive correlation between the magnitude of the explosions and the depth of the supply magma.
Imposed positive defocus changes choroidal blood flow in young human subjects
Authors: Swiatczak Barbara , Schaeffel Frank , Calzetti Giacomo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
It has previously been found that imposing positive defocus changes axial length and choroidal thickness after only 30 min. In the present study, we investigated whether these changes may result from an altered choroidal blood flow.

Methods
Eighteen young adult subjects watched a movie from a large screen (65 in.) in a dark room at 2 m distance. A 15-min wash-out period was followed by 30 min of watching the movie with a monocular positive defocus (+ 2.5D). Changes in axial length and ocular blood flow were measured before and after the defocus, by using low-coherent interferometer (LS 900, Haag-Streit, Switzerland) and a laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) RetFlow unit (Nidek Co., LTD, Japan), respectively. Three regions were analyzed: (1) the macular area, where choroidal blood flow can be measured, (2) the optic nerve head (ONH), and (3) retinal vessel segments.

Results
Changes in choroidal blood flow were significantly and negatively correlated with changes in axial length that followed positive defocus in exposed eyes (R =  − 0.67, p < 0.01). The absolute values of changes in choroidal blood flow in the defocused eyes were significantly larger than in the fellow control eyes (2.35 ± 2.16 AU vs. 1.37 ± 1.44 AU, respectively, p < 0.05). ONH and retinal blood flow were not associated with the induced changes in axial length.

Conclusions
Positive defocus selectively alters choroidal, but not retinal or ONH blood flow in young human subjects after short-term visual exposure. The results suggest that blood flow modulation is involved in the mechanism of choroidal responses to optical defocus.
A randomized, cross-over trial assessing effects of beverage sodium concentration on plasma sodium concentration and plasma volume during prolonged exercise in the heat
Authors: Wijering L. A. J. , Cotter J. D. , Rehrer N. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study assessed whether increasing sodium in a sports drink above that typical (~ 20 mmol L−1) affects plasma sodium and volume responses during prolonged exercise in the heat.

Methods
Endurance trained males (N = 11, 36 ± 14 y, 75.36 ± 5.30 kg, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$

V
˙

O2max 60 ± 3 mL min−1 kg−1) fulfilled requirements of the study including one 1-h exercise pre-trial, to estimate fluid losses (to prescribe fluid intake), and two, experimental trials (3-h or until tolerance), in random order, cycling (55% $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$

V
˙

O2max, 34 °C, 65% RH). Beverages contained 6% carbohydrate and either 21 mmol L−1 (Low Na+) or 60 mmol L−1 sodium (High Na+). Analyses included linear mixed models and t-tests.

Results
Cycling time was similar 176 ± 9 min (Low Na+); 176 ± 7 min (High Na+). Fluid intake was 1.12 ± 0.19 L h−1; 1.14 ± 0.21 L h−1, resp. Body mass change was − 0.53 ± 0.40%;  − 0.30 ± 0.45%, resp. Sodium intake was 69 ± 12 mmol; 201 ± 40 mmol, resp. Plasma sodium concentration was greater in High Na+ than Low Na+ (p < 0.001); decreasing in Low Na+ (− 1.5 ± 2.2 mmol L−1), increasing in High Na+ (0.8 ± 2.4 mmol L−1) (p = 0.048, 95% CI [− 4.52, − 0.02], d = 0.99). Plasma volume decreased in Low Na+ (− 2 ± 2%) but remained unchanged in High Na+ (0 ± 3%) (p = 0.01, 95% CI [− 3.2, − 0.5], d = 0.80).

Conclusions
When conducting prolonged exercise in the heat, those who fully hydrate would benefit by increased sodium content of the beverage by improved plasma volume and sodium maintenance.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12616000239460) 22/02/16.