bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced phosphorus fertilization on golf courses: A comparison of three fertilizer recommendations for putting greens
Authors: Hesselsøe Karin Juul , Borchert Anne Friederike , Øgaard Anne Falk , Krogstad Tore , Chen Yajun , Prämaßing Wolfgang , Aamlid Trygve S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSustainable phosphorus use is essential in golf course management to prevent eutrophication and overconsumption. The study aimed to investigate if phosphorus fertilization can be reduced without negative effects on turf quality. We compared two P fertilization recommendations based on soil analyses, one based on the annual nitrogen rate, and a zero‐P control. The recommendations were the “minimum level of sustainable nutrition” (MLSN), which aims to keep treatment soil levels above 18 mg P kg–1 dry soil (Mehlich‐3); the “sufficiency level of available nutrition” (SLAN), in which the threshold for excluding P fertilization is >54 mg P kg–1 dry soil (Mehlich‐3); and “Scandinavian precision fertilization” (SPF), which recommends applying P at 12% of the annual N rate. The treatments were compared via monthly assessments of turf quality and the coverage of sown species and annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) from 2017 to 2020 on five golf courses from Germany, Sweden, China, Norway, and the Netherlands. MLSN and SPF significantly reduced soil P at all sites compared with SLAN recommendations. Turf quality showed no significant differences. The results from the mixed creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.)–annual bluegrass green showed a 2 to 4% increase in annual bluegrass coverage with P fertilization over the zero‐P treatments. The MLSN guideline is recommended for sustainable P fertilization on established greens with low P sorption capacity under diverse climatic and management conditions. The SPF may result in application of excess P to soils with high Mehlich‐3 values, as soil analyses are not considered.
TUPÃ: Electric field analyses for molecular simulations
Authors: Polêto Marcelo D. , Lemkul Justin A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe introduce TUPÃ, a Python‐based algorithm to calculate and analyze electric fields in molecular simulations. To demonstrate the features in TUPÃ, we present three test cases in which the orientation and magnitude of the electric field exerted by biomolecules help explain biological phenomena or observed kinetics. As part of TUPÃ, we also provide a PyMOL plugin to help researchers visualize how electric fields are organized within the simulation system. The code is freely available and can be obtained athttps://mdpoleto.github.io/tupa/.
Effects of Fe doping on the electrochemical performance of LiV1−xFexPO4F/C (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Di Yuli , Jiang Fayou , Jiang Ao , Deng Lin , Li Taishan , Dong Qi , Chen Shanhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Fe‐doped LiVPO4F/C cathode material was synthesized by a one‐step solid‐state reaction method. The effects of Fe doping content on the structure and electrochemical performance of LiVPO4F/C were investigated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses demonstrated that the appropriate addition of Fe3+ did not destroy the lattice structure of LiVPO4F/C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface of LiVPO4F/C is covered by a carbon film. The decreased grain size of the Fe‐doped LiVPO4F/C could shorten the ion transport path and thus improve the migration rate of lithium ions. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the Fe ion exists in the Fe‐doped LiVPO4F/C as Fe3+ ion. At the discharge rate of 1 C, the initial discharge capacity and capacity retention rate of the LiV0.98Fe0.02PO4F/C after 500 cycles were 123.5 mAh/g and 88.6%, respectively.
Piperlongumine increases the sensitivity of bladder cancer to cisplatin by mitochondrial ROS
Authors: Pan Xiaobo , Chen Guangyao , Hu Wenhao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe development of cisplatin resistance often results in cisplatin inefficacy in advanced or recurrent bladder cancer. However, effective treatment strategies for cisplatin resistance have not been well established.MethodsGene expression was measured by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. CCK‐8 assay was performed to detect cell survival. The number of apoptotic cells was determined using the Annexin V‐PI double‐staining assay. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2’,7'‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescent dye, and the ATP level was detected using an ATP measurement kit.ResultsThe expression of receptor‐interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a key regulator of necroptosis, gradually decreased during cisplatin resistance. We first used piperlongumine (PL) in combination with cisplatin to act on cisplatin‐resistant BC cells and found that PL‐induced activation of RIPK1 increased the sensitivity of T24 resistant cells to cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, we revealed that PL killed T24 cisplatin‐resistant cells by triggering necroptosis, because cell death could be rescued by the mixed lineage kinase domain‐like (MLKL) protein inhibitor necrotic sulfonamide or MLKL siRNA, but could not be suppressed by the apoptosis inhibitor z‐VAD. We further explored the specific mechanism and found that PL activated RIPK1 to induce necroptosis in cisplatin‐resistant cells by stimulating mitochondrial fission to produce excessive ROS.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated the role of RIPK1 in cisplatin‐resistant cells and the sensitization effect of the natural drug PL on bladder cancer. These may provide a new treatment strategy for overcoming cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.
Racial disparity in ART adherence is closed in states with high social trust: Results from the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP), 2015
Authors: Ransome Yusuf , Kershaw Trace , Kawachi Ichiro , Nash Denis , Mayer Kenneth H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRacial/ethnic disparities persist in antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression. We examined associations between state‐level social trust and individual‐level ART adherence and viral suppression and assessed whether these relationships varied by race/ethnicity. The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) annually reports nationally representative estimates of the behavioral and clinical characteristics of HIV‐positive adults in primary care. A total of 3298 adults diagnosed with HIV between 2015 and 2016 from 16 US states were included. We used weighted logistic regression to model the association between state‐level social trust, race/ethnicity (Non‐Hispanic Black, White, and Hispanic/Latino), and cross‐product interactions with ART adherence (a binary measure derived from three self‐reported questions), and viral suppression (a binary measure corresponding to plasma HIV RNA < 200 copies/ml). Social trust was the percentage of people in each state who agreed that most people in their neighborhood could be trusted. A high level of social trust was associated with a higher likelihood of ART adherence (PR [prevalence ratio] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.30). In covariate‐adjusted analyses, the association between state‐level social trust and individual‐level ART adherence significantly varied by race/ethnicity (Wald χ2 F = 9.8 [df = 4], p = 0.044). Social trust was positively associated with ART, but the effect was smaller for Blacks than for Whites (PR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.57–0.82) in states with the lowest social trust. Black–White differences were closed and no longer significant above mean social trust (PP [predicted probability] = 0.50 vs. 0.53, at two standard deviations). Racial/ethnic disparities in ART adherence were closed among individuals living in states with high social trust. Understanding the mechanisms that promote social trust among neighbors may have downstream impacts on reducing disparities in ART adherence among people with HIV (PWH).
Rates and correlates of well‐being among youth experiencing homelessness
Authors: Straka Kelci , Blacketer Alexis R. , Martinez Ramona L. , Glover Angela , Winiarski Dominika A. , Karnik Niranjan S. , Schueller Stephen M. , Zalta Alyson K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMental health concerns have been well studied among youth experiencing homelessness, yet few studies have explored factors that contribute to well‐being in this population. The current cross‐sectional study examined rates and correlates of well‐being among youth experiencing homelessness. This is a descriptive, secondary analysis of the baseline data from a clinical intervention study. Ninety‐nine youth (aged 16−25) who were experiencing homelessness were recruited in Chicago. Approximately 40% of the sample reported average or above average well‐being relative to existing benchmarks. Having medical insurance, a mobile phone, and a history of more severe childhood trauma were unique cross‐sectional predictors of worse well‐being (all ps < 0.034). A significant portion of our sample experienced well‐being. Having access to certain resources may be counterintuitive indicators of poorer well‐being among youth experiencing homelessness, perhaps because they are indicators of greater need or increased social comparison among these youth.
A novel role for ATP2B in ascidians: Ascidian‐specific mutations in ATP2B contribute to sperm chemotaxis
Authors: Ikenaga Jumpei , Aratake Satoe , Yoshida Kaoru , Yoshida Manabu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSperm chemotaxis, in which sperms are attracted to conspecific eggs via species‐specific attractants, plays an important role in fertilization. This phenomenon has been observed in various animals and species‐specific sperm attractants have been reported in some species. However, the mechanisms involved in the reception and recognition of the species‐specific attractant by the sperms is poorly studied. Previously, we found that the plasma membrane‐type Ca2+/ATPase (PMCA) is the receptor for the sperm‐activating and ‐attracting factor (SAAF) in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. To determine the role of PMCA in species‐specific sperm chemotaxis, we identified the amino acid sequences of PMCAs derived from six Phlebobranchia species. The testis‐specific splice variant of PMCA was found to be present in all the species investigated and the ascidian‐specific sequence was detected near the 3′‐terminus. Moreover, dN/dS analysis revealed that the extracellular loops 1, 2, and 4 in ascidian PMCA underwent a positive selection. These findings suggest that PMCA recognizes the species‐specific structure of SAAF at the extracellular loops 1, 2, and 4, and its testis‐specific C‐terminal region is involved in the activation and chemotaxis of ascidian sperms.
Giant cutaneous metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Morishita Asahiro , Tani Joji , Oura Kyoko , Tadokoro Tomoko , Fujita Koji , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCutaneous metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare and mostly occur on the face, scalp, chest, and shoulders, often with rapid growth. We report the case of an 86‐year‐old man who presented to our hospital with a mass, 5 cm in diameter, on the left side of his nose. His past history included a partial hepatectomy for HCC, 3 years previously, and a subsequent diagnosis of lung metastases. Skin and gingival biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic HCC and he was treated with immunotherapy followed by transarterial embolization (TAE). The latter resulted in a significant reduction in the cutaneous tumour mass.
Weakened influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the zonal shift of the South Asian High after the early 1980s
Authors: Cen Sixian , Chen Wen , Chen Shangfeng , Wang Lin , Liu Yuyun , Huangfu Jingliang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious studies indicated that El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) significantly impacts the zonal shift of the South Asian High (SAH) in boreal summer. This analysis reveals that the influence of ENSO on the zonal shift of the SAH has experienced a significant interdecadal weakening around the early 1980s. Specifically, ENSO has a significant relation with the SAH's zonal shift before the early 1980s. However, after the early 1980s, the impact of the ENSO on the SAH is weak. We further examined the physical processes for the interdecadal change of the ENSO–SAH relation. It is indicated that interdecadal change of relationship between ENSO and SAH zonal shift is attributable to change in the connection between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon (ISM). Before the early 1980s, ENSO could exert significant impacts on the ISM and lead to significant condensational latent heating anomalies around the northern Indian Peninsula. The atmospheric heating anomalies around the northern Indian Peninsula trigger an atmospheric wave train extending eastward from North Africa toward the Iranian Plateau (IP), which further leads to changes in the zonal location of the SAH. Hence, the ENSO exerts significant impacts on the summer SAH zonal shift. By contrast, after the early 1980s, ENSO had a weak impact on the ISM and could not lead to apparent atmospheric heating anomalies over IP. As such, ENSO has a weak effect on the SAH zonal shift. Further analysis indicates that interannual variation of the SAH zonal shift is related to an atmospheric wave train over mid–high latitudes of Eurasia after the early 1980s.
Valorization of mushroom by‐products: a review
Authors: Guo Jia , Zhang Min , Fang Zhongxiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the rapid growth of the global economy and the global population, the production of solid waste has increased remarkably. Mushrooms are gaining popularity among researchers for their ability to turn waste into nutrients. However, a large number of by‐products are produced during the industrial processing of mushrooms. Traditional waste management, focusing on the utilization and disposal of mushroom by‐products, has attracted the attention of researchers. Meanwhile, the circular economy has become a multidisciplinary research field, and the valorization of mushroom by‐products is a very important part of circular economy research. Various mushroom by‐products of mushroom are reviewed in this paper. By‐products are used in food as raw materials or functional components, in livestock and poultry feed after grinding/fermentation, and as electrochemical materials and papermaking materials. The by‐products can also be used to produce ethanol and other biological sources of energy, as absorbing substances in sewage treatment, and as fertilizer in soil amendment. Mushroom processing by‐products can be applied in various fields. To improve production efficiency, new extraction technology (including supercritical fluid technology and microwave extraction technology) can be adopted to increase the bioactive substance content in the by‐products. Choosing appropriate processing temperature, time, and other processing conditions can also enhance product quality. Finally, more research is needed on the cost‐effective utilization of the by‐products and the feasibility of industrialization. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The effects of polyphenols on fresh quality and the mechanism of partial freezing of tilapia fillets
Authors: Shao Fanghui , Ma Xiaoye , Wei Peiyu , Cao Jun , He Yanfu , Feng Aiguo , Dong Xiuping , Zhou Dayong , Li Chuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFish is one of the most popular foods for consumers because of its abundant nutrition, tenderness and delicious taste. With increasing demand for tilapia fillets, practical preservation is widely used to maintain quality and safety during long‐distance transportation and storage. Thus the effects of polyphenols (2 g L−1) on color, flavor quality and mechanism of tilapia fillets were studied during 49 days of partial freezing (−4 °C).RESULTSTreatment with carnosic acid (CA), procyanidin (PA), quercetin (QE) and resveratrol (RSV) inhibited water migration, myoglobin oxidation and psychrophilic bacteria stability during partial freezing storage. Aeromonas and Acinetobacter were the dominant bacteria of tilapia fillets during −4 °C storage. The relative abundance of aromatic substances (T70/2) in the polyphenol groups (>20%) was richer than in the control (CON) group (17%). Partial least squares discriminant analysis results showed that the different odors of the control and polyphenol groups were completely separated. Moreover, 35 fatty acids were identified by gas chromatographic analysis. On 49 days, the ratios of unsaturated fatty acids in the PA group (58.64%), QE group (57.70%) and RSV group (57.25%) were higher than in the control group (57.19%), and the PA group was the highest.CONCLUSIONPolyphenol treatment effectively maintained freshness and improved the quality of tilapia fillets during partial freezing. The polyphenol treatment comprehensively sustained the color and flavor quality of tilapia fillets found in the proposed mechanism. In particular, PA treatment was considered a potential method for preserving the freshness of fillets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on care delivery and quality of life in lung cancer surgery
Authors: Teteh Dede K. , Barajas Jovani , Ferrell Betty , Zhou Ziaoke , Erhunmwunsee Loretta , Raz Dan J. , Kim Jae Y. , Sun Virginia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) (COVID‐19) pandemic and associated restrictions have altered the delivery of surgical care. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of COVID‐19 on care delivery and quality of life (QOL) from the perspectives of lung cancer surgery patients, family caregivers (FCGs), and thoracic surgery teams.MethodsPatients/FCGs enrolled in a randomized trial of a self‐management intervention for lung cancer surgery preparation/recovery were invited to participate in this qualitative study. Patients/FCGs data were collected separately 1‐month postdischarge. Interviews were also conducted with thoracic surgery team members. Content analysis approaches were used to develop themes.ResultsForty‐one respondents including 19 patients, 18 FCGs, three thoracic surgeons, and one nurse practitioner participated in the study. Patient themes included isolation, psychological distress, delayed/impacted care, and financial impact. FCGs themes included caregiving challenges, worry about COVID‐19, financial hardship, isolation, and physical activity limitations. Surgical team themes included witnessing patient/FCG's distress, challenges with telehealth, communication/educational challenges, and delays in treatment.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 had a varied impact on care delivery and QOL for lung cancer surgery dyads. Some dyads reported minimal impact, while others experienced added psychological distress, isolation, and caregiving challenges. Surgical teams also experienced challenges in the approach used to provide care.
IL‐1Ra deficiency accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration in C57BL6J mice
Authors: Swamy Ganesh , Salo Paul , Duncan Neil , Jirik Frank , Matyas John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe expression of Interleukin‐1ß (IL‐1ß) and its antagonist and Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) are correlated with greater human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, suggesting that elevated IL‐1β activity promotes disc degeneration. Many in vitro studies support such a mechanistic relationship, whereas few in vivo investigations have been reported. The present study tests the effect of increased IL‐1β activity on intervertebral disc in mice with an IL‐1Ra gene deletion.IL‐1Ra−/− mice and wild‐type (WT) C57Bl6J mice were examined at 3 and 12 months of age. Caudal IVD segments were evaluated for disc degeneration by histopathology, functional testing, and inflammatory gene expression relevant to IL‐1β pathways. To test differences in injury response, pinprick annular puncture was performed on IL‐1Ra−/− and WT mice and evaluated similarly.IL‐1Ra−/− IVDs had significantly worse histopathology at 3 months compared to WT controls, but not at 12 months. IL‐1Ra−/− IVDs exhibited significantly more viscous mechanical properties than WT IVDs. qPCR revealed downregulation of inflammatory genes at 3 and 12 months in IL‐1Ra−/− IVDs, with concomitant downregulation of anabolic and catabolic genes. Annular puncture yielded no appreciable differences between 2‐week and 6‐week post‐injured WT and IL1‐Ra−/− IVDs in histopathology or biomechanics, but inflammatory gene expression was sharply downregulated in IL‐1Ra−/− mice at 2 weeks, returning by 6 weeks post injury.In the present study, IL‐1Ra deletion resulted in increased IVD histopathology, inferior biomechanics, and transiently decreased pro‐inflammatory cytokine gene expression. The histopathology of IL‐1Ra−/− IVDs on a C57BL/6J background is less severe than a previous report of IL1Ra−/− on a BALB/c background, yet both strains exhibit IVD degeneration, reinforcing a mechanistic role of IL‐1β signaling in IVD pathobiology. Despite a pro‐inflammatory environment, the annular puncture was no worse in IL‐1Ra−/− mice, suggesting that response to injury involves pathways other than inflammation. Overall, this study supports the hypothesis that IL‐1β‐driven inflammation is important in IVD degeneration.
Analysis of β‐blockers and β2‐agonists in environmental and biological samples by magnetic solid‐phase extraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Han , Zhao Xiaoya , Xu Jiawen , Wang Peng , Chen Xinyan , Liao Xiaoli , Zhan Chenyong 
Published: April 2022

β‐Blockers and β2‐agonists are commonly prescribed for therapeutic treatments and are also administered to livestock, leading to their presence in both environmental and biological samples. Hence, the development of sensitive, rapid, and reliable analytical methods for the determination of β‐blockers and β2‐agonists in environmental and biological samples is important. In this study, MIL‐101(Cr)‐NH2&GO‐coated SiO2/Fe3O4 magnetic particles were prepared as sorbents for magnetic solid‐phase extraction and then combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of 20 β‐blockers and eight β2‐agonists. The experimental parameters of magnetic solid‐phase extraction were studied in detail, and the optimal conditions were established. Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection were in the range of 0.002–0.007 μg/L with enrichment factors of 20.2–24.9. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of 20 β‐blockers and eight β2‐agonists in river water, human urine, and freeze‐dried pork liver powder. Bisoprolol and salbutamol were detected at concentrations of 2.78 mg/L in human urine and 11.5 μg/kg in freeze‐dried pork liver powder.