bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les trois dimensions de la gouvernance coopérative agricole
Authors: Saïsset Louis-Antoine 
Published: March 2022

Les coopératives agricoles, qui constituent un mode organisationnel original, subissent de profondes restructurations. Dans le secteur viticole en Languedoc-Roussillon notamment, les types de gouvernance sont en pleine évolution. L’objet de notre travail est d’analyser et de caractériser ce système de gouvernance spécifique, à travers l’étude qualitative de vingt-cinq entretiens avec des dirigeants de coopératives vinicoles du Languedoc-Roussillon. Les principaux résultats montrent l’originalité des organes de gouvernance des coopératives agricoles, se caractérisant par des relations complexes. En outre, grâce à l’analyse textuelle des retranscriptions d’entretiens, nous montrons que la gouvernance coopérative agricole comporte trois dimensions complémentaires dont l’importance est variable d’une coopérative à l’autre : dimension disciplinaire, dimension partenariale et dimension cognitive.
Du service public au service citoyen
Authors: Liénard Yves-Alain 
Published: March 2022

En France, le service public a été porté à l’idéal, mais, dans les faits, force est de constater qu’il doit évoluer. Le statut Scic pourrait-il permettre de le renouveler ? L’une des mesures de l’utilité sociale des entreprises se fait à l’aune de ses effets sur la société. Le statut Scic permet à certaines entreprises d’avoir un impact large sur les citoyens. L’expérience des Scic du réseau Enercoop donne à voir que son utilité tend à dépasser le seul intérêt de ses membres et bénéficiaires. Dès 1984, en raison de la crise de l’Etat-providence, Pierre Rosanvallon envisageait la possibilité d’expérimenter des « auto-services collectifs » en parallèle ou substitution aux services publics. La Scic peut-elle constituer un outil efficace pour passer, dans certains cas, du service public au service citoyen ?
An Efficient Framework to Protect Medical Images
Authors: Mohan Mamtha , K V Suma , B Banagar Deepika 
Published: March 2022

In this work, lossless compression is considered and an efficient Encryption–then-compression (ETC) scheme is proposed for medical images. A considerably good level of security is achieved by the proposed scheme where image encryption is operated in the prediction error domain. In addition, reasonably good compression of the encrypted medical images is achieved. Comparison is done between Gradient adjusted prediction (GAP) & Median Edge Detector (MED) techniques and GAP is found to perform better with respect to PSNR, bit rate and entropy. The average values of PSNR, bit rate and entropy in decibels for MED predictor are 10.8313, 3.7695 and 3.8624 respectively. Similarly, for GAP predictor, the average values of PSNR, bit rate and entropy in decibels are 11.9025, 4.0279 and 4.1286 respectively.
Cutaneous tuberculosis in Southern Tunisia: clinical and therapeutic particularities
Authors: Hammami F. , Koubaa M. , Rekik K. , Smaoui F. , Marrakchi C. , Ben Jemaa M. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a global health burden. Among all sites, cutaneous tuberculosis represents an uncommon manifestation with myriad presentations which explains the high rate of misdiagnosis. We aimed to study the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic features of cutaneous tuberculosis in southern Tunisia.
Methods: A retrospective study including all patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis was conducted in the south of Tunisia between 1998 and 2019. This study specified the particularities of cutaneous tuberculosis cases over a 22-year period.
Results: We encountered 1663 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, among whom 56 cases were cutaneous tuberculosis (3.3%). Thirty eight (38) were women (67.9%). The mean age was 43±20 years. Multifocal tuberculosis was noted in 12 cases (21.4%). Systemic symptoms of tuberculosis represented by asthenia (55.3%), fever (42.8%) and weight loss (37.5%) were noted. Elevated C-reactive protein levels (50%) and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rates (42.8%) were also noted. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically (80.4%) and microbiologically (12.5%) . The median duration of antitubercular therapy was 11(9-14) months for multifocal tuberculosis cases (12 cases) and 8(6-12) months for cutaneous tuberculosis cases without any other sites of tuberculosis (44 cases). Adverse effects were noted in 14 cases (25%). The disease evolution was favorable in 54 cases (96.4%). Two patients had a relapse (3.6%).
Conclusions: Cutaneous tuberculosis remains a common disease in south Tunisia. Patients should be screened for cutaneous tuberculosis starting with a general skin examination. Skin biopsy, the cornerstone of the diagnosis should be performed on any suspected cutaneous lesion.
Effects of clinical outcomes by modification of patient selection protocol based on premorbid independence for mechanical thrombectomy in older adult patients
Authors: Kurisu Kota , Sakurai Juro , Wada Hajime , Takebayashi Seiji , Kobayashi Tohru , Takizawa Katsumi 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Since the beneficial effect attained by mechanical thrombectomy (MT) seems to be worse in older than in the younger population, the establishment of an ideal and distinctive patient selection protocol in older is warranted. Herein, we modified our patient selection protocol based on age and premorbid independence in older adult patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed 141 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated with MT between 2015 and 2020. We started to restrict the indication of MT in very old patients (≥85-year-old) with severe premorbid functional independence (≥modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 3) in 2018. Clinical outcomes before the modification of protocol (period 1) were compared to after (period 2).

RESULTS:
Although there were no significant differences in median mRS at 90 days and the rates of favorable outcomes (mRS 0–2) between both periods, rates of poor outcomes (mRS 5, 6) significantly decreased (37.3% vs. 19.7%, P = 0.021) during period 2 compared with period 1. For older adults (≥80-year-old), median mRS was significantly better (P = 0.012) during period 2 than period 1. During period 1, rates of favorable outcomes were significantly lower (P = 0.004) in older than in younger. However, this significant difference was diminished (P = 0.28) during period 2.

CONCLUSION:
Our modified patient selection protocol in older adults, not only limited by age but also premorbid function, improved the therapeutic outcome of MT. In rapidly aging society, further investigations facilitating a better understanding are necessary to establish an optimal patient selection protocol.
Correlation Immunoglobulin M Antibody of Rubella with Hearing Loss in Infants Suspected Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Authors: Pontoh Valentini Mega , Purnami Nyilo 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Rubella is caused by the rubella virus that transmits through droplets or direct contact that can cause congenital defects such as hearing loss. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) rubella can be detected in infants under 1 year of age with suspected congenital rubella syndrome (CRS).

Objectives:
This study was to analyze the correlation between hearing loss with IgM rubella in infants.

Methods:
This was an observational analytic study with a retrospective in infants <1 year of age with suspected CRS. Medical records and CRS surveillance data of subjects who came to the Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017, were collected. The data were grouped based on age, gender, place of residence, clinical symptoms, hearing examination (otoacoustic emission and automated auditory brainstem response), IgM and IgG examination, and CRS classification.

Results:
Total patients were 171 patients with the highest number of patients was the 0-3 years age group as many as 136 patients (79.5%) and girls patient more than boys as many as 88 patients (51.5%). The most clinical symptom of CRS was 24-hr postpartum jaundice were 111 patients (74.4%). The serological Rubella IgG were positive results with a total patient were 140 (81.9%) and Rubella IgM results were negative with 141 (82.5%). The most CRS case criteria were non-CRS with 78 patients (45.6%). There was correlation of hearing loss with IgM rubella in infants <1-year with suspected CRS and statistical results p= 0.03.

Conclusion:
IgM rubella correlates to clinical symptoms of hearing loss in infants <1 year of age with suspected CRS.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Hum Test in Unilateral Hearing Loss
Authors: Polson Ann Maria , Menon Unnikrishnan K. , Prem G. , Kumar M. , Bhaskaran R. 
Published: March 2022

Context:
There is a need for a quick reliable home test for detecting hearing loss (HL), especially in the present era of telemedicine. Hum test is one such which can be performed easily without instruments but not much documented in the literature.

Aims:
The aim is to find out the diagnostic accuracy of hum test in detecting unilateral HL.

Settings and Design:
Tertiary healthcare center, prospective, cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study.

Subjects and Methods:
The study included 85 controls and 85 patients with unilateral conductive or sensorineural HL (SNHL). The patients were divided into four groups-controls, simulated unilateral conductive HL (CHL) subjects, unilateral CHL, and SNHL patients. They underwent 4 tests-Weber test, Low pitch hum test, High pitch hum test, and pure-tone audiometry (PTA), the latter being the gold standard.

Statistical Analysis Used:
To test the statistical significance of the agreement between the hum test and the Weber test with PTA, McNemar's Chi-square test was used. Diagnostic measures such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were computed.

Results:
The sensitivity (85%) and accuracy (95.2%) of Hum test were better in comparison to Weber test (70% and 88.8% respectively) in unilateral sensorineural patients. However, in the case of CHL the Weber test was more sensitive in comparison with hum test (95.6% and 83.35% respectively). Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of hum test was 92.5% when compared to the Weber test (93.5%).

Conclusions:
Hum test can be used as a reliable screening tool for suspected sudden HL cases.
Knowledge regarding anesthesia and anesthesiologist among patients attending pre anesthetic check up in rural tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ahiwale Prashant Prakash , Singla Bhavika , Shetti Akshaya N. , Mustilwar Rachita G 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Anesthesiologist plays an important role in intensive care units, trauma centers, pain clinics, and as a member of resuscitation team all over the world. Due to the lack of public awareness about anesthesia as a medical discipline, many patients assume an anesthesiologist to be an assistant of the surgeon and do not recognize the role played by the anesthesiologist in preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative periods. With the changing health-care environment and advancement in anesthesiology, the patients and general public need to be educated.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the knowledge of patients regarding anesthesia and anesthesiologist at rural tertiary care hospital.

Design:
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done at a rural tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
After approval of the institutional ethical committee, the study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire for patients coming to preanesthetic checkup outpatient department (OPD) for elective surgery.

Results:
This study involves 602 (312 male; 290 females) for preanesthetic checkup OPD, of whom only 403 (67%) of them recognized anesthesiologists as doctors, while 401 (66.7%) knew that anesthesia is required prior to any surgical procedure and 209 (41.4%) of them knew anesthetists play a role in intraoperative and postoperative patient care.

Conclusion:
We can conclude that there is unawareness among the rural population regarding the role played by anesthesiologists; hence, initiatives are to be taken for educating the population.
Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia Dini Dengan Metode Bermain di TPA Al-Ikhsan Desa Belantaraya Kecamatan Gaung
Authors: Hasan Fauzi  , Yusnita Yusnita , Rita Kencana  , Sutria Ningrum  , Nova Adi Kurniawan  
Published: March 2022

Early childhood is those who are at the age of 0-6 years. They are at a very rapid stage of growth and development, both physically and psychologically. They learn in their own way. They have two aspects of development, namely biological and psychological. This is quantitative descriptive research, which was conducted at the TPA Al-Ikhsan, Belantaraya, Indragiri Hilir, Riau. The subject of this research was 23 students of TPA Al-Ikhsan. The data in this study was taken by using tests of early childhood motor skills, and documentation. They were then analyzed by using P= ×100% to see the motor skills of children. The results presented that the students’ motoric skills were at 54,10% in the category of developed as expected (DE). On the other hand, the students’ motoric skills developed as expected.
Outcome Analysis of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Chronic Sinusitis with Chronic Rhinitis Non-responsive to Medical Therapy
Authors: Chakrabarti Amit , Tamang Bina , Hembrom Rabi , Das Indranil , Batabyal Madhumita , Dey Debadeep , Sen Indranil 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Chronic sinusitis with chronic rhinitis affect the patients’ quality of life significantly. Aim of this study is to assess the outcome of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) in terms of Quality of Life (QoL) in patient with Chronic Sinusitis with Chronic Rhinitis (CSCR), non-responsive to medical therapy.

Materials and Methods
Prospective study was conducted among 75 patients of CSCR non responsive to medical therapy in the age group of 15 to 80 years over a period of 18 months (January 2018 to June 2019). The subjects were randomly grouped into two, namely Group 1- CSCR with Polyp and Group 2- CSCR without Polyp. Subjects were asked to complete SNOT-22 score and Visual analogue scale (VAS) and conventional medical treatment was given for 2 weeks. Those failed to respond as per EPOS guideline were subjected to ESS and followed up at 6 weeks and 12 weeks, re-assessed by SNOT-22 questionnaire and VAS. Data was analyzed by using Paired t- test.

Results
Statistically significant (p-value <0.05) improvement in symptom score assessing QoL after Endoscopic sinus surgery.

Conclusion
Patients with CRS non- responsive to medical treatment, the decision for surgery should be guided by their pre-operative QoL impairment, as measured by SNOT-22 and VAS.
Assessment of Variations in Sphenoid Sinus Pneumatization in South Indian Population
Authors: Singh Amardeep , Kameshwarachar Manjunath , Singh Harbans 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Morphometric study of sphenoid sinus shows various degrees of pneumatization. Knowledge of such variability is extremely important to guide the surgeon in predicting what type of surgical approach will be safer for the pathologies involving skull base region. Considering recent advances in trans-nasal trans-sphenoidal endoscopic interventions and improved visualization, it has become imperative to become familiar with the anatomical variations which are likely to be encountered during surgical procedures.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on the basis of CT scan records of 120 patients to evaluate variability in pneumatization of sphenoid bone and its extensions in South Indian population.

Results
The study revealed the prevalence of conchal, pre-sellar, incomplete sellar and complete sellar types of sphenoid pneumatization in 02%, 08%, 28% and 62% cases respectively. Posterior or clival extension was the commonest type seen in 80% cases which included sub-dorsal (50%), dorsal(15%) and occipital(15%) types of clival variants. In lateral extensions, pterygoid sub-type was observed in 37% of patients whereas lesser wing, greater wing and full lateral sub-types were present in 20%, 14% and 09% cases respectively. Various combinations of lateral sub-types were seen in 15% of study population.
Conclusion
In our study higher percentage of pneumatization of sphenoid sinus and its extensions was observed when compared to Egyptian and Chinese populations. High prevalence in South Indian population also provides an additional armament in the hands of surgeon to reach the otherwise unreachable lesions involving middle and posterior cranial fossae through trans-sphenoidal approach.
Deafness and Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mane Shailendra D , Mane Rajashri , Patil Balasaheb C , Lakshmi Jyoti , Bedwal Dharampal 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Diabetes mellitus cases are increasing worldwide. It affects almost all systems of the body including audio-vestibular system. Diabetic otopathy (DO) is the presence of symptoms and signs of vestibular and auditory disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus after the exclusion of other causes. In this review we aimed to study the mechanism of development of hearing loss in diabetes, the relationship between duration and severity of diabetes, and association of other complications with hearing loss.
Materials and Methods
We searched the MEDLINE & PubMed database using terms ‘diabetic otopathy’ and ‘diabetes & hearing loss’ for the articles published since 1970. Twenty articles were selected and reviewed.
Results
The mechanism of development of DO is not yet clearly known. But it is suggested to be multifactorial. This review of literature suggested that hearing impairment is two times more prevalent in subjects with diabetes as compared to those without diabetes. The relationship between diabetic otopathy and diabetic kidney disease is most commonly noticed.
Conclusion
The higher prevalence of hearing impairment in diabetic patients compared with nondiabetic patients was consistent. It is necessary to establish a screening and monitoring strategy for patients with diabetes mellitus to prevent the development of hearing loss and its consequences on life quality.
التحليل الفيزوكيميائي لأربعة نباتات طبية تنتمي للعائلتين Lamiaceae و Moraceae من منطقة يافع - اليمن
Authors: علي عيشة محمّد , سعيد عادل أحمد محمّد , فضل طه أبوبكر 
Published: March 2022

أجري التحليل التقريبي بتقدير مستوى (%)الرطوبة، والرماد، والرماد غير الذائب في الحمض، والرماد الذائب في الماء، والبروتينات، والدهون والألياف والكربوهيدرات، والقيمة الاستخلاصية لنباتات الدراسة بواقع ثلاث مكررات لكل تقدير. بينت النتائج أنً نبات الشعوس كان الأعلى في نسبة الرطوبة والرماد والرماد الذائب في الحمض والرماد الذائب في الماء مقارنة ببقية نباتات الدراسة. أنً مستوى الألياف والدهون في نباتات الدراسة يزيد أحيانا ويقل أحياناً عما سًجل في الدراسات السابقة، إذ تفوق نبات الفالقة في محتواه من الدهون (%10.78) على بقية نباتات الدراسة الحالية.ظهرت فروق معنوية بين نباتات الدراسة في مستويات البروتين، وقد بلغ أعلاها (4.24%) في نبات الفالقة وهي تقترب من النسبة المرصودة لنبات D. psilirus المنتمي إلى الجنس نفسه، أما في نبات الشعوس فقد أظهر نسبة بروتين عالية، وفي نباتي العضرب والفحة كان مستوى البروتين فيهما أقل مما وجد في نباتي P. rotundifoliu وL. officinalis . مستوى الكربوهيدرات في نباتي العضرب (59.4%) والشعوس (%53.8) يقل عمّا وجد في نباتي P .mollis وP. esculentus المنتمين إلى الجنس عينه، وكذلك في نبات الفحة قلت نسبة الكربوهيدرات مقارنة بما رصد في الدراسات السابقة لنبات من الجنس عينه، أما في نبات الفالقة فقد تفوقت نسبة الكربوهيدرات كثيراً في هذه الدّراسة عما رصد من دراسات أخرى حول هذا النبات. القيمة الاستخلاصية للمستخلص المائي كانت هي الأعلى في نبات الشعوس من بين بقية المستخلصات الأخرى يليه مستخلص الميثانول، بينما كان مستخلص الايثانول هو الأعلى في بقية نباتات الدراسة، وأظهر مذيب الكلوروفورم أقل قيمة استخلاصية.
التحليل الكيمونباتي لأربعة نباتات طبية من يافع- اليمن
Authors: علي عيشة محمّد , فضل طه أبوبكر , سعيد عادل أحمد 
Published: March 2022

نتائج التحليل الكيمونباتي لنباتات الدراسة (العضرب Plectranthus asirensis، الشعوسambinicus Plectranthus، الفحة pubescens Decne Lavduanlaوتنتمي لعائلة Lamiaceae والفالقة Dorstenia foetida وتنتمي لعائلة Moraceae) بواسطة الكواشف النوعية لمستخلصاتها الأربعة بمذيبات الإيثانول، الميثانول، الماء، والكلورفورم تضمنت العديد من المكونات الفعالة (قلويدات، وفلافونيدات وغيرها) في جميع المستخلصات غير أن المستخلصين الكحوليين قد احتويا على معظم تلك المكونات الأمر الذي قد يرجع إلى القطبية العالية للمذيبات الكحولية. المحتوى الكمي الكلي(%) لهذه المكونات الفعالة –المرصودة في التحاليل النوعية– أظهرت تباينًا بين النباتات المدروسة. تمّ تقدير فيتاميني K و C كميا بواسطة جهاز HPLC لفيتامين K وبالمعايرة الميكروئيّة لفيتامين C ووجد أن محتوى فيتامين K في نباتات الدراسة متدنيًا مع خلو نبات الفالقة منه تمامًا أما فيتامين C فقد شكل مستويات عالية فيها خصوصًا في نبات الشعوس مما يجعل هذه النباتات هامة كمضادات للأكسدة. وقد قورنت نتائج هذه الدراسة بالأبحاث المنشورة في هذا المجال.
تأثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية في السيطرة على مرض العفن الطري في أصناف من درنات البطاطس
Authors: الجفري جلال صالح عيدروس , السلامي فؤاد أحمد , سلام نجيب 
Published: March 2022

أجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبر قسم وقاية النبات كلية الزراعة جامعة عدن خلال الفترة من أكتوبر2017 حتى يناير 2018 لتقويم كفاءة المستخلصات النباتية نبات الخروع Ricinus communis, نبات السدر Ziziphus spina-christi, نبات النَّعْنَاع (Mentha spicatal), نبات السقلAloe verava cillans, نبات النيم Azadirachta indica المعاملة بالكحول (الايثانول) والماء المقطر الدافئ, في مكافحة البكتيريا المسببة لمرض التعفن الطري لدرنات البطاطس, وتم الحصول على العزلة البكتيرية من درنات بطاطس مصابة بالعفن الطري, واستخدمت طريقة انتشار القرص في التجربة, وقد أظهرت النتائج بأن مستخلصات النباتات تباينت في مدى فعاليتها التثبيطية للبكتيريا المسببة للمرض (Erwinia carotovora) حيث أظهرت النتائج أن مستخلص أوراق المريمرة حقق أعلى نسبة تثبيط في جميع المكررات (مكرر1,مكرر2,مكرر3) وفي جميع التراكيز (10%, 20%, 30%) بنوعية الكحولي والمائي بقطر تثبيط (14مم للكحولي عند تركيز%30) و(10,8مم للمائي عند تركيز%30) كما حقق مستخلص أوراق الخروع نسبة تثبيط في جميع المكررات (مكرر1, مكرر2, مكرر3) والتراكيز (10%, 20%, 30 %) بنوعية الكحولي والمائي بقطر تثبيط(13مم للكحولي عند تركيز%30) و(9,3مم للمائي عند تركيز%30) وكذلك مستخلص أوراق النعاع أبدى قدرة تثبيط في المستخلص الكحولي عند تركيز (20%) و(30%بقطر8,2مم) و في المستخلص المائي بقطر7,8مم عند تركيز%30) وكذلك حقق مستخلص أوراق السدر نسبة تثبيط في جميع المكررات (مكرر1,مكرر2,مكرر3) وفي التراكيز 10% و 20% و 30% بنوعية الكحولي والمائي بقطر (11,9مم للكحولي) و(9مم للمائي) بينما حقق نبات السقل أقل نسبة تثبيط في جميع المكررات والتراكيز ماعدا نسبة تثبيط في مكرر3 بقطر8 مم عند تركيز 30% في المستخلص الكحولي.
Bending resistance properties and combustion retardant for unsaturated polyester reinforced with copper powder
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed J. , Sweah Zainab J. , Falih Israa Q. 
Published: March 2022

This work investigates the impact of the filler (copper powder) on the flame and resistance of bending for unsaturated polyester. The percentages of fillers (0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) and a particle size of (150 µm) were investigated by many variables, such as flame and bending resistance. In addition, through optical microscopy, the specimens of the polymer (unsaturated polyester) were measured in a pure state and with the addition of copper powder. Results revealed strong bending resistance of 338 MPa at the percentage of 0%. The added copper powder reduced the spaces within the polymer chains, thereby reflecting the high ability of the polymer to resist the applied stress. The homogeneity is high within the polymer and additives. The findings also indicate decreased bending resistance of 120 MPa at a percentage of 2%. The average burning time starts to show a strong impact at 0%, which then increases at 181Sec. The behavior then begins to increase when the weighed proportions are increased and then continued to increase at (1%) at 190 Sec. The maximum proportions also increased at a copper powder percentage of (2%) at 212 s. Results also indicate that the percentage for the time of burning ranged within negative and positive values. The negative values at minimum weight ratios of copper powder percentages of 0.5%–0.8% and positive values at great weight ratios of copper powder percentages of 1% and 2%.