bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of orthogeriatric care management by orthopedic surgeons and physicians on in‐hospital clinical outcomes: A difference‐in‐difference analysis
Authors: Ogawa Takahisa , Schermann Haggai , Khadka Aayush , Moross Janelle , Moriwaki Mutsuko , Fushimi Kiyohide , Fujiwara Takeo , Yoshii Toshitaka , Okawa Atsushi , Shirasawa Shinichi 
Published: January 2022

AimThe orthopedic surgery unit in our suburb serves a large elderly trauma population in addition to providing elective surgeries. As patients with hip fractures have become older and at higher risk of medical complications, our hospital has initiated integrated co‐management of these patients by orthopedic surgeons and geriatricians from the point of hospital admission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the hospital policy change on hip fracture management and clinical outcome indicators.MethodsUsing the difference‐in‐difference approach, in total, 288 consecutive patients with hip fractures treated during the 1 year before and 2 years after transition to orthogeriatric care from a geriatric consultation model to integrated orthogeriatric care model were compared with 576 patients from other local hospitals.ResultsDespite a seasonal trend toward increased length of hospital stay in winter, the intervention significantly reduced the change in mean length of stay (mean difference [95% confidence interval], −12.9 days [−21.5 to −4.3]; P = 0.007) and discharge to home tended to change less frequently (−12.6%; P = 0.10). There was no significant reduction in mean time to surgery (−0.2 days; P = 0.83), mortality (−0.8%; P = 0.62), or complications (−1.0%; P = 0.85).ConclusionsChanging our hip fracture service from a geriatric consultation model of care to an integrated orthogeriatric model significantly reduced length of hospital stay probably due to a lower chance of discharge to home. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Japan to compare two orthogeriatric care models considering the nationwide improvement in hip fracture management. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 138–144.
The evolution of service systems to service ecosystems: A literature review
Authors: Brozović Danilo , Tregua Marco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh academic interest and numerous theoretical and practical studies on service systems and service ecosystems, paired with the accelerated evolution of the service (eco) system concept, have resulted in complex research in this field. Multiple perspectives from which service systems were studied added to this complexity and inadvertently produced conceptual confusion regarding service (eco) systems. This literature review addresses this confusion by focusing on the evolution of service systems to service ecosystems to consolidate and clarify the field. Therefore, this article's purpose is to systematise the extant research on service (eco) systems and indicate future research directions based on the analysis. Specifically, the article systematically reviews 770 publications on service (eco) systems from 2020 and earlier and identifies the main research topics (focusing on service [eco] systems’ constituent elements, inherent processes, and outcomes), theoretical perspectives, and bridging elements, and suggests future research based on the review results. The article concludes by providing a foundation for continued research emerging from the analysis, with emphasis on five aspects that may stimulate new avenues of research: service ecospheres, service ecosystem simplicity, failures of service ecosystems, paradox in service ecosystems, and panarchy and service ecosystems.
Clean intermittent catheterization in long‐term management of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury: Patient perspective and experiences
Authors: Joshi Ameya Deepak , Shukla Aradhana , Chawathe Vivek , Gaur Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesBladder dysfunction due to spinal cord injury has a significant impact on the overall health and quality of life of an individual. Clean intermittent catheterization is the gold standard for bladder management and is recommended due to having the lowest complication rate. Transitions from intermittent catheterization to other less optimal strategies, such as indwelling catheter, are quite common. However, the research documenting patient perspectives, and epidemiological and demographic factors related to such transition is limited.MethodsData from patients with spinal cord injury rehabilitated with clean intermittent catheterization were collected. Demographic and epidemiological details of the patients were documented from the inpatient records. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to the values.ResultsAmong the 45 participants, 68.89% continued clean intermittent catheterization. In those who discontinued clean intermittent catheterization, the median duration of practicing clean intermittent catheterization was 3.5 months. The commonest difficulty among compliant patients was carrying out clean intermittent catheterization in outdoor environments due to the unavailability of toilet facilities. Urinary tract infection was the most common (17.78%) complication noted. Dependence (20.00%) was a major procedural difficulty followed by pain. Adaptations to remain continent in special conditions were diapers and condom catheters. The duration of clean intermittent catheterization practiced influenced discontinuation of clean intermittent catheterization. With an increase in the duration of clean intermittent catheterization practiced after discharge, the risk of discontinuation of clean intermittent catheterization decreased with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.773 (95% confidence interval 0.609–0.982).ConclusionsPeople with spinal cord injury have many challenging issues in the regulation of bladder function at their level inclusive of procedural difficulties, environmental barriers and medical complications, and understanding of which will help to establish a comprehensive and a holistic program to provide remote/community care.
Legal segmentation in China, India, Malaysia and Viet Nam
Authors: COONEY Sean 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article applies a qualitative approach to the legal segmentation analysis developed by Dingeldey et al. (2021), considering exclusion from, and hierarchies of, worker protection. Examining the cases of China, India, Malaysia and Viet Nam, the author finds that several factors distinguish these countries from those in the global North and produce distinct labour market outcomes, namely: in terms of the relative size of the workforce operating outside the effective coverage of employment regulation; legal terminology that is not readily translated into Western languages; and legal history, especially as regards the mismatch between statutory frameworks and the labour market resulting from colonialism.
Local search algorithms for the composite retrieval problem
Authors: Moyano Mauricio , Zabala Paula , Gatica Gustavo , Cabrera‐Guerrero Guillermo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we address a problem arising in information retrieval (IR) called composite retrieval problem (CRP) of diverse and complementary bundles. The CRP aims to group items into bundles and then select a subset of such bundles, so that we can maximise the similarity of the items within a bundle and, simultaneously, can maximise the complementarity of the selected bundles. To this end, the CRP approach considers the existing relations among items' attributes, leading to the selection of bundles that satisfy users' expectations without the needing for any refining query and, thus, improving the searching experience, with respect to traditional IR approaches. In this study, we propose three efficient yet straightforward algorithms, namely Local Search, Iterative Local Search and Variable Neighbourhood Search. Further, two different neighbourhood moves are evaluated at each algorithm. Although the first neighbourhood move is focused on the exploitation of the nearby search space, the second one is focused on the exploration of larger portions of the search space. All these algorithms are applied to two real‐world publicly available instances and compared to the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in CRP. Obtained results suggest that combining both neighbourhood moves leads to better results in terms of both, the complementarity of the bundles and similarity of the items. Further, results show that, after statistical analysis, the proposed algorithms are significantly better, for the vast majority of the experiments performed in this study, when compared to the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in CRP.
A machine learning algorithm for early detection of heel deep tissue injuries based on a daily history of sub‐epidermal moisture measurements
Authors: Lustig Maayan , Schwartz Dafna , Bryant Ruth , Gefen Amit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSub‐epidermal moisture is an established biophysical marker of pressure ulcer formation based on biocapacitance changes in affected soft tissues, which has been shown to facilitate early detection of these injuries. Artificial intelligence shows great promise in wound prevention and care, including in automated analyses of quantitative measures of tissue health such as sub‐epidermal moisture readings acquired over time for effective, patient‐specific, and anatomical‐site‐specific pressure ulcer prophylaxis. Here, we developed a novel machine learning algorithm for early detection of heel deep tissue injuries, which was trained using a database comprising six consecutive daily sub‐epidermal moisture measurements recorded from 173 patients in acute and post‐acute care settings. This algorithm was able to achieve strong predictive power in forecasting heel deep tissue injury events the next day, with sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 80%, respectively, revealing the clinical potential of artificial intelligence‐powered technology for hospital‐acquired pressure ulcer prevention. The current work forms the scientific basis for clinical implementation of machine learning algorithms that provide effective, early, and anatomy‐specific preventive interventions to minimise the occurrence of hospital‐acquired pressure ulcers based on routine tissue health status measurements.
Characteristics and time course of acute and chronic myocardial lesion formation after electroporation ablation in the porcine model
Authors: Neven Kars , van Driel Vincent J. H. M. , Vink Aryan , du Pré Bastiaan C. , van Wessel Harry , Füting Anna , Doevendans Pieter A. , Wittkampf Fred H. M. , van Es René 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionElectroporation ablation creates deep and wide myocardial lesions. No data are available on time course and characteristics of acute lesion formation.MethodsFor the acute phase of myocardial lesion development, seven pigs were investigated. Single 200 J applications were delivered at four different epicardial right ventricular sites using a linear suction device, yielding a total of 28 lesions. Timing of applications was designed to yield lesions at seven time points: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min, with four lesions per time point. After killing, lesion characteristics were histologically investigated. For the chronic phase of myocardial lesion development, tissue samples were used from previously conducted studies where tissue was obtained at 3 weeks and 3 months after electroporation ablation.ResultsAcute myocardial lesions induce a necrosis pattern with contraction band necrosis and interstitial edema, immediately present after electroporation ablation. No further histological changes such as hemorrhage or influx of inflammatory cells occurred in the first hour. After 3 weeks, the lesions consisted of sharply demarcated loose connective tissue that further developed to more fibrotic scar tissue after 3 months without additional changes. Within the scar tissue, arteries and nerves were unaffected.ConclusionElectroporation ablation immediately induces contraction band necrosis and edema without additional tissue changes in the first hour. After 3 weeks, a sharply demarked scar has been developed that remains stable during follow‐up of 3 months. This is highly relevant for clinical application of electroporation ablation in terms of the electrophysiological endpoint and waiting period after ablation.
Some physical, chemical, and germination properties of Peganum harmala L. seeds
Authors: Ertuğrul Ömer , Yılar Melih , Kır Hakan , Kömekçi Ceren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, the aim was to determine some physical and chemical properties of the seeds of Peganum harmala, known as rue or harmel, and to determine the effects of some implementations to break the seed dormancy. The mean length, width, thickness, and surface area values for the P. harmala seeds were 4.78 mm, 1.81 mm, 1.53 mm, and 14.14 mm2, respectively. Linked to the dimensions, the arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, and sphericity values were calculated as 2.71 mm, 2.34 mm, and 0.50. The bulk density and true density values were measured as 0.5379 and 1.015 g cm−3, respectively, and the porosity value calculated linked to these values was 46.98%. The static friction angles on two different surfaces of galvanized metal and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were measured as 15.67° and 17.67°, and the static friction coefficient values linked to these angles were 0.28 for galvanized metal and 0.32 for PVC. Terminal velocity experiments determined the velocity for P. harmala seeds was 5.03 ms−1. According to analysis results for the chemical structure of P. harmala, dry matter ratio was 89.7%, crude ash ratio was 11.0%, crude protein was 10.3%, crude fiber was 42.0%, and crude oil ratio was 10.8%. In seed dormancy studies, the effects of sulfuric acid, precooling, soaking in water, and mechanical scarification (sanding) applications were determined. Accordingly, the most effective method for germination of P. harmala seeds was sanding with 84.0% germination rate. This was followed by soaking in water (78.0%) and 5 min H2SO4 (75.0%) applications.Practical ApplicationsTurkey is a country with a current account deficit in the seed import–export balance. Therefore, the efficient use of seeds in each step of farming and postharvest operations is essential to reduce the seed waste. Determining the engineering properties of seeds will help to provide more efficient systems. The physical properties of seeds are important to design, develop, and adjustment of planters, storage structures, transporting systems, and postharvest systems. Chemical properties are essential to determine the optimum storage conditions and postharvest chemical processes for optimum utilization of seeds as foods or as raw materials for medicinal and industrial purposes. Seed dormancy‐breaking features will be useful to determine optimum presowing conditions and breeding conditions of the seeds.
Drying kinetics and effective moisture diffusivity of pomelo albedo under vacuum‐assisted microwave drying and its semi‐product
Authors: Nguyen Ha Le , Le Tuan Quoc 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe five different microwave power levels (800, 640, 480, 320, and 160 W) assisted with the vacuum of 40 kPa were investigated for the drying kinetics, effective moisture diffusivity and rehydration ratio of the dried pomelo albedo. The comparison of some product quality indicators after production and 6 months of storage was also taken place in this study. The higher microwave power levels provided the shorter drying times, the higher moisture diffusion and the drying rates. Drying time at 160 W needed more than 120 min while the rest needed less than 25 min to reach the moisture content below 8% (dry basis). By basing on χ2 and root mean square error and R2, experimental drying data were best performed for the Page equations compared to other eight models (Diffusion approach, Two term exp, Henderson and Pabis, Lewis, Logarithmic, Vermar, Two modified compartment, Wang and Singh). The effective moisture diffusivity coefficient determined by Fick's second law was varied from 1.0 × 10−5 to 6.52 × 10−7 m2/s. The developed models describing the relationship between different drying parameters in this study can be used for optimizing the parameters in the drying process at a larger scale. The microwave power level of 480 or 640 W and the sample weight of 50 g were recommended for the drying of the pomelo albedo. Under these conditions, the dried albedo product possesses high quality. Most of the characteristic quality indicators changed insignificantly as compared after production and stored for 6 months at room temperature (25–28°C).Practical ApplicationsThe albedo layer consists of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin which can be used as an ingredient in many foods. Microwave vacuum drying in food processing offers several advantages rather than microwave drying and other traditional drying methods. The combination results in a rapid drying rate, which is one of the desired characteristics for rehydrated products. This combined dying technology becomes well‐known nowadays, which can promise in use at the commercial level in product quality.
Combinatory statuses of tumor stromal percentage and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as prognostic factors in stage III colorectal cancers
Authors: Jin Hye‐Yeong , Yoo Seung‐Yeon , Lee Ji‐Ae , Wen Xianyu , Kim Younghoon , Park Hye Eun , Kwak Yoonjin , Cho Nam‐Yun , Bae Jeong Mo , Kim Jung Ho , Lee Hye Seung , Kang Gyeong Hoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimTumor stroma and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are major constituents of the tumor microenvironment, although they have different effects on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Combinatory statuses of tumor‐stromal percentage (TSP) and TILs are expected to provide more powerful prognostic information but have never been studied in CRCs.MethodsStage III CRCs from patients (n = 487) treated with adjuvant chemotherapy were assessed for their TSP and CD3‐TIL or CD8‐TIL densities using computer‐aided methodology. With cut‐off values set at median values for intraepithelial TIL (iTIL) and stromal TIL (sTIL) densities, CRCs were sorted into low and high iTIL or sTIL groups. CRCs were classified into five quintile (Q1–Q5) groups according to their TSP and divided into high TSP (Q5) and low TSP (Q1–4) groups.ResultsThe combination of CD8 iTIL density and TSP was found to be an independent prognostic parameter in multivariate survival analysis in terms of cancer‐specific survival and recurrence‐free survival. CRCs with low CD8 iTIL density and high TSP showed the worst survival. The combinatory status showed more prognostic power than CD8 iTIL density or TSP alone. Multivariate survival analysis in an independent cohort of stage III CRC validated the prognostic power of the combinatory statuses.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the combinatory status might serve as a prognostic parameter in stage III CRCs. Further research in a large‐scale cohort of patients with stage III CRC is needed to validate the prognostic power of the combinatory status.
Origin and evolution of green plants in the light of key evolutionary events
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Ma Xiaoya , Liu Yannan , Yang Lingxiao , Shi Xuan , Wang Hao , Diao Runjie , Zhong Bojian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGreen plants (Viridiplantae) are ancient photosynthetic organisms that thrive both in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, greatly contributing to the changes in global climates and ecosystems. Significant progress has been made toward understanding the origin and evolution of green plants, and plant biologists have arrived at the consensus that green plants first originated in marine deep‐water environments and later colonized fresh water and dry land. The origin of green plants, colonization of land by plants and rapid radiation of angiosperms are three key evolutionary events during the long history of green plants. However, the comprehensive understanding of evolutionary features and molecular innovations that enabled green plants to adapt to complex and changeable environments are still limited. Here, we review current knowledge of phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of green plants, and discuss key morphological innovations and distinct drivers in the evolution of green plants. Ultimately, we highlight fundamental questions to advance our understanding of the phenotypic novelty, environmental adaptation, and domestication of green plants.
Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years
Authors: Yu Zipeng , Zhang Feng , Friml Jiří , Ding Zhaojun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAuxin, one of the first identified and most widely studied phytohormones, has been and will remain a hot topic in plant biology. After more than a century of passionate exploration, the mysteries of its synthesis, transport, signaling, and metabolism have largely been unlocked. Due to the rapid development of new technologies, new methods, and new genetic materials, the study of auxin has entered the fast lane over the past 30 years. Here, we highlight advances in understanding auxin signaling, including auxin perception, rapid auxin responses, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 and AUXIN SIGNALING F‐boxes (TIR1/AFBs)‐mediated transcriptional and non‐transcriptional branches, and the epigenetic regulation of auxin signaling. We also focus on feedback inhibition mechanisms that prevent the over‐amplification of auxin signals. In addition, we cover the TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE‐mediated non‐canonical signaling, which converges with TIR1/AFBs‐mediated transcriptional regulation to coordinate plant growth and development. The identification of additional auxin signaling components and their regulation will continue to open new avenues of research in this field, leading to an increasingly deeper, more comprehensive understanding of how auxin signals are interpreted at the cellular level to regulate plant growth and development.