bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen diffusion and its electrical properties variation as a function of the IGZO stacking structure
Authors: Noh Hee Yeon , Lee Woo-Geun , R. Haripriya G. , Cha Jung-Hwa , Kim June-Seo , Yun Won Seok , Lee Myoung-Jae , Lee Hyeon-Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The oxygen vacancies and hydrogen in oxide semiconductors are regarded as the primary sources of charge carriers and various studies have investigated the effect of hydrogen on the properties of oxide semiconductors. However, the carrier generation mechanism between hydrogen and oxygen vacancies in an a-IGZO semiconductor has not yet been clearly examined. In this study we investigated the effect of hydrogen and the variation mechanisms of electrical properties of a thin film supplied with hydrogen from the passivation layer. SiOx and SiNx, which are used as passivation or gate insulator layers in the semiconductor process, respectively, were placed on the top or bottom of an a-IGZO semiconductor to determine the amount of hydrogen penetrating the a-IGZO active layer. The hydrogen diffusion depth was sufficiently deep to affect the entire thin semiconductor layer. A large amount of hydrogen in SiNx directly affects the electrical resistivity of a-IGZO semiconductor, whereas in SiOx, it induces a different behavior from that in SiNx, such as inducing an oxygen reaction and O-H bond behavior change at the interface of an a-IGZO semiconductor. Moreover, the change in electrical resistivity owing to the contribution of free electrons could be varied based on the bonding method of hydrogen and oxygen.
Definition and grading of anastomotic stricture/stenosis following low anastomosis after total mesorectal excision: A single-center study
Authors: Cong Jinchun , Zhang Hong , Chen Chunsheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anastomotic stricture/stenosis is an alarming complication after colorectal surgery, and there is still no recognized definition for anastomotic stricture/stenosis. This study aimed to determine the status and change of anastomotic stricture/stenosis after rectal surgery using a special anastomotic stricture/stenosis definition and grading system, discuss various risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis, and explore the effect of different degrees of anastomotic stricture/stenosis on bowel function.
METHODS: This study included patients with confirmed rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision between May 2014 and May 2021. A five-degree special anastomotic stricture/stenosis definition and grading system was used to determine anastomotic stricture/stenosis status, and clinical outcomes and risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis were investigated. Furthermore, the low anterior resection syndrome score was used to assess bowel function.
RESULTS: A total of 473 patients were enrolled in this study. The low anterior resection syndrome assessment showed that the more severe the anastomotic stricture/stenosis, the more severe the low anterior resection syndrome (all p<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses of patient-related and technical risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis were performed 3 months postoperatively. For univariate analysis, female sex was a lower risk factor for anastomotic stricture/stenosis. Defunctioning stoma, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, and anastomotic leakage were higher risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis (all p<0.05). For multivariate analysis, only neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, and anastomotic leakage were still higher risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis (all p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Through a special anastomotic stricture/stenosis definition and grading system’s evaluation, we noted the anastomotic stricture/stenosis severity significantly affected bowel function, and multivariate analysis showed that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, and anastomotic leakage were the higher risk factors for anastomotic stricture/stenosis.
Dynamics of White Shrimp Population (Penaeus merguiensis) in Karang Gading Deli Serdang Regency, as a Basis in Its Management Efforts
Authors: Mulya Miswar Budi , Yeanny Mayang Sari 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study can be used as a basis for its management in the future. The purpose of the study was "Analyze the dynamics of white shrimp populations such as growth patterns, long frequency distribution, growth parameters, mortality rates, and recruitment patterns. The study was conducted for 12 months, from January-December 2021. The method used in sampling is purposive sampling, using a mini sine purse fishing gear measuring 8 m x 2 m. White shrimp growth patterns were analyzed using FISAT 2 software, shell length frequency distribution and growth parameters using von Bertalanffy growth models, asymptotic length and growth coefficient using the ELEFAN method, total mortality rate, natural and capture using Pauly's empirical equations, and recruitment patterns using the FAO-ICLARM program. The results of the study found the highest density of white shrimp at station 3 (257 ind / m2) and the lowest at station 2 (213 ind / m2). The distribution pattern of white shrimp at each station is in groups. The growth pattern of white shrimp is allometric negative. The theoretical lifespan at the length of zero carapace is 0.02 years or 0.2 months. The natural mortality rate of white shrimp is 0.75/year, the total mortality rate is 0.91/year and the catch mortality rate is 0.16/year. The capture of white shrimp in the waters of Karang Gading Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra is still under exploitation. Peak recruitment was in May and June (18.92% and 18.33%) after four months of white shrimp spawning.
Histamine and Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the nervous system of Pygospio elegans (Annelida: Spionidae). Structure and recovery during reparative regeneration
Authors: Starunova Zinaida I. , Shunkina Ksenia V. , Novikova Elena L. , Starunov Viktor V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent two decades, studies of the annelid nervous systems were revolutionized by modern cell labeling techniques and state-of-the-art microscopy techniques. However, there are still huge white fields in our knowledge on nervous system organization and functioning. Though most recent studies were focused on the distribution of now routine serotonin and FMRFamide, data about many basic neurotransmitters such as histamine (HA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are scarce.
Results
Using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy we studied distribution of histamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in nervous system of a spionid annelid Pygospio elegans and followed their redevelopment during reparative regeneration. Both neurotransmitters show specific patterns in central and peripheral nervous systems. HA-positive cells are concentrated mostly in the brain, while GABA-positive cell somata contribute equally to brain and segmental ganglia. Some immunoreactive elements were found in peripheral nerves. Both substances revealed high number of bipolar sensory cells in the palps. The first signs of regenerating HA- and GABA-ergic systems were detected only by 3 days after the amputation. Further redevelopment of GABA-ergic system proceeds faster than HA-ergic.
Conclusions
Comparisons with other studied annelids and mollusks reveal both similar and unique features in HA- and GABA-ergic systems organizations. Overall, difference between the full redevelopment of various neurotransmitters correlates with neuronal development during embryogenesis. All these results state the high importance of investigating different neurotransmitter distribution in comparative morphological and developmental studies.
Steady states of a diffusive predator-prey model with prey-taxis and fear effect
Authors: Cao Jianzhi , Li Fang , Hao Pengmiao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a diffusive predator-prey system with prey-taxis response subject to Neumann boundary conditions is considered. First, the stability of the positive equilibrium and the conditions for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation are provided. Second, the existence of nonconstant steady states is proved by applying the the bifurcation theory of Crandall and Rabinowitz, bifurcation types and stability of the bifurcation solutions are analyzed. Finally, numerical simulation results are carried out to verify the theoretical results.
Logistic LASSO Regression for Dietary Intakes and Obesity: NHANES (2007-2016)
Authors: Yan Qingna , Wang Ruohua , Dong Yuanjie , Lv Xinyi , Tang Xuanfeng , Li Xiaoqing , Niu Yucun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Many investigations have explored the relationship between dietary intake and obesity risk/incidence, but they have only assessed obesity-related dietary patterns and/or single nutrients, not taking into account the diversity of dietary variables or multicollinearity among multiple nutrients. Therefore, this study aimed to use logistic LASSO regression combined with logistic regression to overcome multicollinearity, and overall investigate the possible association between dietary factors and obesity by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007-2016).
Method: Logistic LASSO regression was performed to examine the relationship between 59 dietary variables, and subsequently identify the most relevant variables associated with obesity. Then we used logistic regression to test the relevant variables, and finally used the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to test the effect of logistic regression. Using the methods described above, we explored the relationship between dietary intake and obesity in 12135 NHANES participants (2007-2016).
Result: The set of factors screened by LASSO regression, obesity risk factors including cholesterol and PFUA 20:4 (β>0); protective factors including vitamin E, caffeine, folate, vitamin C and copper (β<0). Ultimately, after multivariate unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression tests as well as ROC tests, four in the factor set associated with obesity were selected. Statistically significant dietary factors only folate (OR=0.80), vitamin C (OR=0.95), copper (OR=0.60) and PFUA 20:4 (OR=2.57) in adjusted logistic regression.
Conclusion: Dietary intake of folate, vitamin C and copper negatively correlated with obesity, but PFUA 20:4 positively inversely. Necessary to assess the effective levels of folate, vitamin C and copper supplementation in obese subjects.
Electron spin resonance study of mixed Bi2Se3 topological insulator-magnetic insulator nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Kyu Won , Lee Yeo Jin , Lee Cheol Eui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigated Bi2Se3 topological insulator nanoparticles mixed with room-temperature ferromagnetic insulator nanoparticles by using electron spin resonance (ESR) of the surface conduction electrons in the Bi2Se3 nanoparticles. The ESR intensity and linewidth as a function of the molar ratio of the magnetic insulator show the room temperature magnetic proximity effect due to the short-range exchange field of the magnetic insulator nanoparticles along with the long-range magnetic dipole field effect and the surface-to-volume ratio effect.
Fermented Astragalus Membranaceus by Bacillus subtilis Ameliorates Hyperuricemia in Mice by Suppressing Inflammation via Reducing p38 MAPK and NF-κB Phosphorylation
Authors: Lin Feng , Wang Ruoyu , Halimulati Mairepaiti , Huang Xiaojie , Zhang Zongfeng , Jiang Zeyu , Qiao Yanjiang , Zhang Zhaofeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Hyperuricemia has become a public health problem that needs to be solved urgently. As traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus has high research value. In recent years, how to improve the bioavailability of Astragalus has been the subject of growing interest in the academic. Microbial fermentation has brought hope and dawn to address the above problem.
Methods: Eighty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): the normal control group, the hyperuricemia group, the benzbromarone group, the Bacillus subtilis-fermenting Astragalus group (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg Astragalus), the unfermented Astragalus group, and the Bacillus subtilis group. To explore the underlying mechanism, levels of XOD, inflammatory factors, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were investigated.
Results: Fermented Astragalus inhibited liver uric acid synthesis and protected the function of the kidney via anti-inflammation inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathways. It was speculated that increased total flavonoids, formononetin, and astragaloside IV of fermented Astragalus would result in a better therapeutic effect than unfermented Astragalus.
Conclusion: The work undertaken sheds light on the development of Astragalus and the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.
Impact of diurnal temperature range on cardiovascular diseases mortality in residents in northeast China
Authors: Kai Xuan , Hong Zhimin , Hong Yang , Wang Xiaolei , Li Chunyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It has been reported that cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the major threats to global public health and is associated with climate change. Several previous studies have shown the influence of ambient temperature on CVD, but lack some evidence for the effect of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on CVD mortality in northeast China. This is the first study to assess the correlation between DTR and CVD mortality in Hulunbuir located in northeast China. Daily CVD mortality data and meteorological data were collected from 2014 to 2020. A quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to exploring the impact of DTR on CVD mortality. Stratified analyses by gender, age, and season were conducted and extremely high DTR impacts were investigated. In this study, a total of 21,067 CVD mortality cases were recorded from 2014 to 2020. Compared to the reference value (11.20°C, 50th percentile), a U--shaped non-linear relationship between DTR and CVD mortality was observed, and extremely high DTR increased the risk of CVD mortality. The effect of extremely high DTR occurred immediately and lasted up to 6 days. In addition, males and old people (age ≥ 65 years) were more likely to be affected by extremely high DTR compared with females and adults (age <65 years), respectively. The results also showed that extremely high DTR in cold season had a more adverse effect on CVD mortality than warm season. This study suggests that extremely high DTR for cold season has adverse impact on CVD mortality which should be paid enough attention to for residents in northeast China. Males and the older were more vulnerable to the impacts of DTR. The study may provide some suggestions for decision-making by local public health authorities to avoid the adverse impacts of high DTR, and improve the health of residents, especially vulnerable groups in cold season.
Development of EEG based Identification of Learning Disability using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ahire Nitin , Awale R. N. , Wagh Abhay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A learning disability (LDs) is a comprehensive word used for various learning problems. Children with learning disabilities are not sluggish nor intelligently retarded. Learning disability is a neurological condition that is characterized by a vague understanding of words and poor reading skills. It affects many school-aged children, with fellows being more likely to be involved, placing them at risk for deprived academic concerts and low self-esteem for the rest of their lives. Our research entails developing a machine learning model to analyze EEG signals from people with learning difficulties and provide results in minutes with the highest level of accuracy. In this research, we have used Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) methods were used for component analyze of the dataset. For classification purposes we have used Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), K-nearest neighbours (K-NN), Decision Trees and XGBoost, etc different types of algorithms. The goal is to determine which data pre-processing approaches and machine learning algorithms are the most effective in detecting learning disabilities.
Stimulation of the Biofilm’s of a marine bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans - by Fucoidan extracted from macroalgae
Authors: OMUZBUKEN Burcu , ALYURUK Hakan , KACAR Asli 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Bacterial biofilm growth in aquatic environments can be promoted by natural compounds, such as polysaccharides and proteins. Fucoidan is a group of marine sulfated polysaccharides found in cell wall matrix of brown and red algae. In the present study, efficiencies of fucoidan extracts obtained by two alternate methods from Cystoseira sp. and Padina pavonica were investigated of stimulation of biofilm development of Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans. The fucoidan rich extracts were tested for adhesion of biofilm bacterium in black polystyrene flat-bottom microplates. In the biofilm experiments, the extracts were found to stimulate biofilm development. The maximum mean for the biofilm stimulation efficiencies were 67.52% for SG1 - Cystoseira sp. and 67.50% for SG1 - P. pavonica. The results highlighted that Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans was able to adhere to the plates, and the growth rates were increased with the addition of fucoidan extracts. This research indicated that fucoidan can be effective in biofilm development strategies in aquatic environments.
Efficacy of hydroethanolic extract of Randia aculeata seed against the southern cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) on naturally infested cattle under field conditions
Authors: Bravo-Ramos Jose L. , Sánchez-Otero María G. , Sánchez-Montes Sokani , Olivares-Muñoz Angélica , Romero-Salas Dora 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick infestation is a major problem for cattle industry in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical products are commonly applied to control it; however, their indiscriminate use has resulted in the appearance of resistant lineages. Plants have been used as an alternative to conventional acaricidal drugs. Recently, we demonstrated the higher acaricidal activity of hidroethanolyc extract of Randia aculeata seed (EHRA) against R. microplus under laboratory conditions. The utility of EHRA seed as acaricidal need to be determined under field conditions. For this reason, the aim of this study was (a) evaluate the efficacy of the EHRA against R. microplus by sprayed on naturally infested calves under field conditions (b) determine the effect of the EHRA seed on AChE activity in larvae R. microplus and (c) evaluate the stability of total phenolic compounds in EHRA after exposure to heating, UV irradiation and storage. Fourty-five male calves were divided in three groups and doused by spray G1: water, G2: EHRA 20% and G3: coumaphos 0.3%. AChE activity on R. microplus larvae was determined by a colorimetric assay. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau method after to exposure of EHRA to heat, UV light and storage under sunlight and dark. Significantly fewer number of ticks were observed after 24 h on the treated group compared to control group (p < 0.001). EHRA significantly inhibited in vitro acetylcholinesterase activity in R. microplus larvae at all tested concentrations (p < 0.01). Heat, UV light and storage time under sunlight resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in total phenolic content. Our results contributed new data for the elucidation of the mechanisms of EHRA acaricide action and to further evaluate the use as a new alternative control agent against R. microplus under in vivo conditions
Ovarian cancer in Sudan: Age, marital status, histological types, staging and symptoms
Authors: Murgan Sulafa S. , Elaziz Faisal J. Abd , Khalil Eltahir A.G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality from female reproductive cancer. No definite symptoms related with early-stage disease and no effective screening methods make its early detection difficult, which results in about two-third patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer at the diagnosis. In this study, the overall mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 27.5 years. The vast majority of women [90.0%] in this cohort were with the age groups 30–70 years. Ovarian cancer is not common (p = 0.5) below 30 years (frequency = 4.5%) and above 70 years (frequency = 1.7%), the common age group is above 60 years. More than forty percent (50/112, 44.6%) of the patients had symptoms of abdominal discomfort, pelvic pain and irregular bleeding during the last 6 months. A third (38/112, 33.9%) had symptoms for more than a year, while 5.4% (6/112) and 14.3% (16/112) had symptoms for two and three years respectively. The majority of patients (80%, 89/112) were childless. A third (44/112, 39.3%) were single, 40.2% (45/112) were married and had no children, while a fifth (20.5%, 23/112) were married and had children. Thus, singles and childless ladies constituted the majority of the patients [79.5%]. A minority (6/112, 5.4%) of the patients had other types of cancer (endometrial, colon, lung, breast and brain cancers) concurrently with ovarian cancer, with breast and colon cancers as the more common concurrent cancers. Serous adenocarcinoma of the ovaries was seen in the majority of patients in the study cohort (81.1%, 91/112). Advanced stages were seen in more than half of the patients, with stages III & IV seen in 31.3% and 26.8% of patients respectively. A fifth (19.6%) of patients presented with stage II, while a minority (3.6%) was diagnosed with early stages i.e. stage I. Mucinous types were seen in 11 patients (11/112, 9.9%), with 1.8% at stage II, 4.5% at stage III and 3.6% at stage IV. The endometroid type was seen in 10.7% (6/112) of patients with 3.6% in stage I and 1.8% in stage III. A minority was reported as germinoma (1/112, 0.8%) and poorly differentiated carcinomas (2.7%, 3/112).
Haemorrhagic Brain Metastasis from Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A rare case
Authors: Furtado Cleofina , Srivast Sachin , Nayak Sanjeev , Jadun Changrez , Hashim Zafar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma usually has a median survival of only nine months from diagnosis, with death usually due to thoracic disease. This has led to the belief in the past, that mesothelioma rarely has distant metastasis with cerebral metastasis accounting for only three percent. This is a unique case of known malignant mesothelioma with distant haemorrhagic metastasis to the brain. This article reviews the imaging evaluation of patients with suspected intracranial involvement and malignant pleural mesothelioma and describes typical imaging findings of parenchymal brain metastasis on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The incidence of haemorrhagic brain metastasis and various treatment option have also been briefly discussed.