bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of the NAC transcription factor gene family in Kandelia obovata reveals potential members related to chilling tolerance
Authors: Du Zhaokui , You Shixian , Yang Dang , Tao Yutian , Zhu Yunxiao , Sun Wen , Chen Zhengman , Li Junmin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundKandelia obovata is an important mangrove species extensively distributed in Eastern Asia that is susceptible to low-temperature stress. NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) domain proteins are transcription factors (TFs) that play various roles in plant growth and development and in the plant response to environmental stresses. Nevertheless, genome-wide analyses of K. obovata NAC genes (KoNACs) and their responses to chilling stress have rarely been studied.MethodsThe KoNAC gene family was identified and characterized using bioinformatic analysis, the subcellular location of some NAC proteins was confirmed using confocal microscopy analysis, and the KoNACs that responded to chilling stress were screened using RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis.ResultsA total of 79 KoNACs were identified, and they were unequally distributed across all 18 chromosomes of K. obovata. The KoNAC proteins could be divided into 16 subgroups according to the phylogenetic tree based on NAC family members of Arabidopsis thaliana. The KoNACs exhibited greater synteny with A. thaliana sequences than with Oryza sativa sequences, indicating that KoNACs underwent extensive evolution after the divergence of dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Segmental duplication was the main driving force of the expansions of KoNAC genes. Confocal microscopy analysis verified that the four randomly selected KoNACs localized to the nucleus, indicating the accuracy of the bioinformatic predictions. Tissue expression pattern analysis demonstrated that some KoNAC genes showed tissue-specific expression, suggesting that these KoNACs might be important for plant development and growth. Additionally, the expression levels of 19 KoNACs were significantly (15 positively and 4 negatively) induced by cold treatment, demonstrating that these KoNACs might play important roles during cold stress responses and might be candidate genes for the genetic engineering of K. obovata with enhanced chilling stress tolerance. Coexpression network analysis revealed that 381 coexpressed pairs (between 13 KoNACs and 284 other genes) were significantly correlated.ConclusionsSeventy-nine KoNACs were identified in K. obovata, nineteen of which displayed chilling-induced expression patterns. These genes may serve as candidates for functional analyses of KoNACs engaged in chilling stress. Our results lay the foundation for evolutionary analyses of KoNACs and their molecular mechanisms in response to environmental stress.
Neural activity in adults with major depressive disorder differs from that in healthy individuals: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Hou Xiaofang , Mei Bohui , Wang Fukun , Guo Hua , Li Shilong , Wu Gang , Zang Chen , Cao Bing 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveCurrently, findings regarding resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) are inconsistent. In contrast to the previously used a priori seed-based functional connectivity analyses, this study employed whole-brain exploratory analyses and aimed to explore neural activity patterns in Chinese adults with MDD.Materials and methodsSpecifically, this study examined the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations within the whole brain and adopted a large-scale brain network template to explore the core dysfunctional brain regions in individuals with MDD.ResultsOverall, 32 individuals with MDD and 32 healthy controls were evaluated. Compared to healthy controls, individuals with MDD showed more profound alterations in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the temporolimbic affective circuit (e.g., middle temporal gyrus and parahippocampus) and default mode network (e.g., precuneus and thalamus). Moreover, functional connectivity between the left mid-insula and parietal regions within the sensorimotor network was weaker in individuals with MDD than in healthy controls.ConclusionIn conclusion, the neural characteristics of MDD correspond to cognitive deficits in self-referential processing and emotional processing and are related to a risk of sensory disorders or psychomotor retardation. These findings present neural markers that may be used to identify MDD, contributing to clinical diagnosis.
SPECT findings on neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse
Authors: Wang Li , Yin Lijie , Wang Qian , Wang Renbin , Liu Zunjing , Dong Mingrui , Duan Xiaohui , Zheng Yumin , Hong Wen , Liu Fang , Tie Changle 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the clinical, neuropsychological, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) perfusion changes in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse.MethodsA total of 16 patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse were recruited for this study. The study was carried out in the withdrawal phase of N2O abuse. A 925–1110 MBq 99mTc-ECD was administered intravenously. SPECT/CT images were collected with a low-energy and high-resolution collimator. The region uptake statistics of different brain regions of interest between patients with N2O abuse and normal people of the databases for younger subjects from the Scenium DB Comparison software were calculated automatically.ResultsThe clinical manifestations of the 16 patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms were mood lability, anxiety, hallucination, delusion, agitation, confusion, and other psychiatric symptoms. In addition, 15 of the patients also complained of memory decline; 14 patients manifested numbness or paresthesia; 14 patients developed limb weakness, and their motor impairments were more severe in the lower limbs than in the upper limbs; and eight patients had urinary and defecation disturbances. In the neuropsychological examination, the BPRS score was 54.69 ± 11.48, the HAMD score was 30.00 ± 11.06, the HAMA score was 18.06 ± 5.77, the MMSE score was 28.06 ± 2.29, and the MoCA score was 25.06 ± 3.40. SPECT showed hypoperfusion in the frontal and temporal lobes, which is consistent with the clinical findings.ConclusionThis was the first study to demonstrate the obvious effect of N2O abuse on CBF in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms. CBF perfusion imaging is helpful to detect the changes in the local brain functional activity in patients with N2O abuse.
Sexual dysfunction among people with mental illness attending follow-up treatment at a tertiary hospital, Jimma University Medical Center: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sewalem Jerusalem , Kassaw Chalachew , Anbesaw Tamrat 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSexual function is a complex behavior influenced by several factors that can result in dysfunction. It is highly prevalent among patients with mental illness who are on psychotropic medications. Assessing those patients has paramount importance for appropriate intervention to take place.MethodsThis study was a facility-based cross-sectional study design conducted from 1 March to 30 June 2022. A Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) was used to assess sexual dysfunctions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Independent variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 were taken as statistically significant with sexual dysfunction.ResultsThe prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 45.4 % among respondents. The presence of chronic medical illness, being on typical antipsychotic treatment, being on psychiatric treatment for 24 months and more, moderate level of alcohol use, and being aged 35 and above were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction.ConclusionThe prevalence of sexual dysfunction among people with mental illness is high. Therefore, the clinician needs to routinely enquire about sexual symptoms during follow-up treatment and give appropriate interventions with special attention to patients with chronic medical conditions and patients taking antipsychotics and psychotropic drugs for a long period of time.
Humanoid robotic system for social interaction using deep imitation learning in a smart city environment
Authors: Alotaibi Sara Bader , Manimurugan S. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionA significant resource for understanding the prospects of smart development is the smart city initiatives created by towns all around the globe. Robots have changed from purely human-serving machines to machines communicating with humans through displays, voice, and signals. The humanoid robots are part of a class of sophisticated social robots. Humanoid robots can share and coexist with people and look similar to humans.MethodsThis paper investigates techniques to uncover proposals for explicitly deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robots in a smart city environment. This paper emphasis on providing a humanoid robotic system for social interaction using the Internet of Robotic Things-based Deep Imitation Learning (IoRT-DIL) in a smart city. In the context of the IoT ecosystem of linked intelligent devices and sensors ubiquitously embedded in everyday contexts, the IoRT standard brings together intelligent mobile robots. IoRT-DIL has been used to create a free mobility mode and a social interaction mode for the robot that can detect when people approach it with inquiries. In direct contact with the actuators and sensors, robotic interface control is responsible for guiding the robot as it navigates its environment and answers questions from the audience.Results and discussionFor the robots to function safely, they must be monitored and enforced by a central controller using Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) technology in an emergency. DIL aims to facilitate robot-human interaction by integrating deep learning architectures based on Neural Networks (NN) and reinforced learning methods. DIL focuses on mimicking human learning or expertise presentation to govern robot behavior. The robot's interaction has been tracked in a smart city setting, and its real-time efficiency using DIL is 95%.
Accelerated corrosion testing of cold spray coatings on 304L in chloride environments
Authors: Karasz Erin K. , Montoya Timothy D. , Taylor Jason M. , Ross Kenneth A. , Schaller Rebecca F. 
Published: November 2022

Cold spray is an advanced metal manufacturing technique applied across many fields for a wide range of functions. Low heat input and compressive stresses induced into the substrate by the cold spray process makes it a promising choice for protective corrosion resistant coatings. One potential application for cold spray is as a protective coating against corrosion for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) interim dry storage canisters. As these canisters are currently stored at interim storage locations longer than originally intended, chloride induced stress corrosion cracking has been identified as a high priority knowledge gap, specifically with respect to prolonging or extending canister lifetimes (Teague et al., 2019). The high deployability of cold spray, for which nozzles have been developed for application in constrained spaces, in conjunction with beneficial properties inherent to cold spray makes this a good candidate for a corrosion protection coating on SNF canisters. This work explores a pathway to rapidly down-select cold spray coatings for canisters by focusing on the corrosion properties. Specifically, this study examines the corrosion protection abilities of nickel and nickel-based alloy cold spray coatings on 304 L stainless steel in chloride rich environments through electrochemical scans and ferric chloride pitting tests (ASTM G48 Method A). It was shown that the porosity of the coating, the processing gas, material selection, and deformation in the substrate all impact the corrosion behavior of cold spray coatings and are areas where optimization could reduce potential materials degradation, enabling enhanced coatings development.
GPs awareness of pregnancy: trends and association with hazardous medication use
Authors: Houben Eline , Swart Karin MA , Steegers Eric AP , Elders Petra JM , Herings Ron MC 
Published: November 2022

Background
GPs have been shown to be important providers of medical care during pregnancy, however, little evidence exists on their awareness of pregnancy when prescribing medication to women.

Aim
To assess GPs awareness of pregnancy and its association with prescribing medication with potential safety risks.

Design and setting
Population-based study using confirmed pregnancy records linked to GP records from the PHARMO Perinatal Research Network.

Method
GPs awareness of pregnancy, defined as the presence of a pregnancy confirmation in the GP information system during pregnancy, was assessed from 2004 to 2020. GP prescriptions of medication with potential safety risks were selected during pregnancy and its association with GPs awareness of pregnancy was assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

A pregnancy confirmation was present in the GP records for 48% (
n
= 67 496/140 976) of selected pregnancies, increasing from 28% (
n
= 34/121) in 2004 to 63% in 2020 (
n
= 5763/9124). During 3% (
n
= 4489/140 976) of all pregnancies, the GP prescribed highly hazardous medication with teratogenic effects that should have been (temporarily) avoided. Pregnancy was GP confirmed for only 13% (
n
= 585/4489) at the first occurrence of such a prescription. Comparative analyses showed that women without a pregnancy confirmation were 59% more likely to be prescribed this highly hazardous medication (odds ratio [OR] 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.49 to 1.70) compared with those with a confirmed pregnancy.

Conclusion
Results of this study indicate a potential issue with GP awareness about pregnancy status at the time medication with potential safety risks is prescribed. Although pregnancy registration by GPs improved over the years, inadequate use still seems to be made of the available information systems for appropriate drug surveillance.
A Framework for Auditing Multilevel Models using Explainability Methods
Authors: Bhaumik Debarati , Dey Diptish , Kayal Subhradeep 
Published: November 2022

Multilevel models (MLMs) are increasingly deployed in industry across different functions. Applications usually result in binary classification within groups or hierarchies based on a set of input features. For transparent and ethical applications of such models, sound audit frameworks need to be developed. In this paper, an audit framework for technical assessment of regression MLMs is proposed. The focus is on three aspects: model, discrimination, and transparency & explainability. These aspects are subsequently divided into sub-aspects. Contributors, such as inter MLM-group fairness, feature contribution order, and aggregated feature contribution, are identified for each of these sub-aspects. To measure the performance of the contributors, the framework proposes a shortlist of KPIs, among others, intergroup individual fairness (DiffInd_MLM) across MLM-groups, probability unexplained (PUX) and percentage of incorrect feature signs (POIFS). A traffic light risk assessment method is furthermore coupled to these KPIs. For assessing transparency & explainability, different explainability methods (SHAP and LIME) are used, which are compared with a model intrinsic method using quantitative methods and machine learning modelling.
Using an open-source dataset, a model is trained and tested and the KPIs are computed. It is demonstrated that popular explainability methods, such as SHAP and LIME, underperform in accuracy when interpreting these models. They fail to predict the order of feature importance, the magnitudes, and occasionally even the nature of the feature contribution (negative versus positive contribution on the outcome). For other contributors, such as group fairness and their associated KPIs, similar analysis and calculations have been performed with the aim of adding profundity to the proposed audit framework. The framework is expected to assist regulatory bodies in performing conformity assessments of AI systems using multilevel binomial classification models at businesses. It will also benefit providers, users, and assessment bodies, as defined in the European Commission’s proposed Regulation on Artificial Intelligence, when deploying AI-systems such as MLMs, to be future-proof and aligned with the regulation.
STUDY OF QUALITY OF SERVICE IN 5G AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS
Authors: Алзагир А.А. , Парамонов А.И. , Кучерявый А.Е. 
Published: November 2022

Предлагается модель для анализа потоков трафика в сетях 5G и последующих поколений: тактильного интернета (TI), дополненной реальности (AR) и интернета вещей. При этом ключевым требованием при реализации AR и TI является обеспечение ультрамалой задержки. Оценивается влияние разнородного трафика на основные показатели качества обслуживания, отражающие вероятность потери пакетов и задержку доставки по времени. В качестве модели сети связи используется система массового обслуживания с комбинированной дисциплиной обслуживания.
A model is proposed for analyzing traffic flows in 5G and next-generation networks: tactile Internet (TI), augmented reality (AR) and the Internet of Things. At the same time, the key requirement for the implementation of AR and TI is to provide ultra-low latency. The influence of such heterogeneous traffic on the main indicators of quality of service, reflecting the probability of packet loss and delivery delay in time, is estimated. A queuing system with a combined service discipline is used as a communication network model.
A C# MODEL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR DEMODULATION SOFTWARE ELABORATION. ULTIMATE PARAMETERS
Authors: Сумин А.В. 
Published: November 2022

Представлена программная модель системы связи для разработки алгоритмов и программных средств демодуляции сигналов ретрансляторов геостационарных спутниковых систем связи, уплотненных по частоте модулированными несущими. В математической модели использованы константы дискретизации сигнала во временной и частотной областях определения выборок. Представление сигнала в виде аналитического сигнала позволяет использовать всю полосу частотного представления – от нуля до частоты дискретизации квадратур. Максимальное реализуемое в модели значение полосы Найквиста сигнала модулированной несущей равно частоте дискретизации квадратур. Оценена помехоустойчивость демодулятора модели в режиме с априорно известными характеристиками сигналов с использованием параметра «выходное отношение сигнал/шум при отсутствии шума на входе».
A program model of a communication system for demodulation software development of frequency multiplexed geostationary satellite transponders signals is presented. The mathematical model uses signal discretization constants in time and frequency domains. The analytic form of modulated signals representation allows using the entire frequency domain – from zero to quadratures discretization frequency. The maximum value of the Nyquist band of the modulated carrier signal implemented in the model is equal to the quadrature sampling rate. The noise immunity of the model demodulator in the mode with apriori known signal characteristics is estimated using the parameter "output signal-to-noise ratio in the absence of input noise".
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FREQUENCY TUNING DYNAMICS OF VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED SINUSOIDAL SIGNAL GENERATORS
Authors: Лемешко Н.В. , Захарова С.С. 
Published: November 2022

Предложен способ измерений характеристик динамики перестройки управляемых напряжением генераторов синусоидальных сигналов, основанный на оценке частоты в пределах каждого полупериода с использованием регрессионных уравнений. Рассмотрены особенности применения генераторов, управляемых напряжением (ГУН), в составе перестраиваемых синтезаторов частоты. Представлена номенклатура измеряемых характеристик ГУН. Дано описание алгоритма, реализующего указанный способ, представлены результаты моделирования, подтверждающие его эффективность при перестройке по частоте выходных сигналов ГУН.
The article proposes a method for measuring the characteristics of the tuning dynamics of voltage-controlled generators of sinusoidal signals, based on the estimation of the frequency within each half-cycle using regression equations. The features of the use of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) as part of tunable frequency synthesizers are considered. The nomenclature of measured VCO characteristics is presented. A description of the algorithm that implements this method is given. Simulation results are presented that confirm its effectiveness for measuring VCO signals during frequency tuning.
BEAM HOPPING TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION ACCORDING DVB-S2X ANNEX E STANDARD FOR NEW GENERATION VSAT NETWORKS
Authors: Захаров А.А. , Лаврентьев М.В. , Волгаткин К.М. 
Published: November 2022

Дается обзорное описание реализации основных принципов технологии коммутации лучей (beam hopping), реализованных в рамках стандарта DVB-S2X Annex E. Рассмотрены сценарии применения этой технологии прежде всего для спутников, функционирующих на геостационарных орбитах, хотя она начинает широко использоваться и для негеостационарных спутников. Проведен анализ традиционного подхода, использующего классические DVB-S2/S2X фреймы, и описываются его недостатки для реализации коммутации лучей. Рассмотрена концепция суперфреймов (Annex E), которая дает возможность адаптировать стандарт DVB-S2X для коммутации лучей. Описаны различные форматы и режимы работы суперфреймов для реализации различных вариантов коммутации лучей.
The article provides an overview of the implementation of the basic principles of beam hopping technology implemented within the DVB-S2X Annex E standard. Scenarios for the application of this technology, primarily for satellites operating in geostationary orbits, are considered, although it is beginning to be widely used for non-geostationary satellites. The article analyzes the traditional approach using classic DVB-S2/S2X frames and describes its shortcomings for the implementation of beam hopping. The concept of superframes (Annex E) is considered, which makes it possible to adapt the DVB-S2X standard for beam hopping. Various formats and operating modes of superframes are described for the implementation of various beam hopping options.
FEATURES OF THE MODERN STAGE OF THE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION LIFE CYCLE
Authors: Резникова Н.П. , Артемьева Г.С. 
Published: November 2022

Представлены результаты анализа особенностей современного этапа жизненного цикла Международного союза электросвязи (МСЭ), проведенного на основании подхода, опирающегося на инструментарий модели Грейнера и модели структурно-логического анализа. Показано, что МСЭ находится на пятой фазе своего развития, которая привела к кризису истощения, осложненному нерешенными проблемами, приводившими в прошлом к кризисам контроля и недоверия, а также вновь возникшими политико-экономическими условиями в мире.
The results of the analysis of the features of the current stage of the life cycle of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), carried out on the basis of an approach based on the tools of the Greiner's growth model and the model of structural-logical analysis, are presented. It is shown that the ITU is in the fifth phase of its development, which has led to a crisis of attrition, complicated by unresolved problems that led to crises of control and mistrust in the past, as well as the newly emerging political and economic conditions in the world.