bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Made for Funny Business: Negotiating Age and Sexuality in British Sitcoms
Authors: Röber Monika Franziska 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThough films and television series, portraying later life with its perks and pitfalls have proliferated throughout the past decade, explicit depictions of later life sexuality have been an ever-present absence in visual representations. Yet, it is television, TV series in particular, which enables more diverse framings of later life sexuality, as they reproduce, legitimize, transform and deconstruct stereotypical notions of age, gender, and sexuality through their serial format and unique use of laughter and humor. As such, some sitcoms featuring sexually active, rebellious, and sexually adventurous older adults have been widely regarded as stomping grounds for affirmative notions of aging and sexuality. Often paired with badly and mischievously behaving leads, they show that portrayals of later life sexuality need not necessarily be bogged down by a pervasive asexual/hypersexual divide but may rather offer “possibilities of destabilization” that run counter to cultural taboos regarding age and sexuality.Based on 2 British sitcoms (Waiting for God [1990–1994], and Vicious [2013–2016]), this article examines the practices and mechanisms sitcoms employ in order to enable or contain representations of later life sexuality, by, for instance couching transgressive portrayals of sexually active older adults in comedic terms or by “containing” older adults in rigid, heteronormative structures. Particular attention will be paid to the intersections of class, gender, and age and how far these intersections help to render later life sexuality, above all, respectable and palatable.
An efficient cascadic multigrid solver for 3-D magnetotelluric forward modelling problems using potentials
Authors: Pan Kejia , Wang Jinxuan , Hu Shuanggui , Ren Zhengyong , Cui Tao , Guo Rongwen , Tang Jingtian 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
The fast and accurate 3-D magnetotelluric (MT) forward modelling is core engine of the interpretation and inversion of MT data. In this study, we develop an improved extrapolation cascadic multigrid method (EXCMG) to solve the large sparse complex linear system arising from the finite-element (FE) discretization on non-uniform orthogonal grids of the Maxwell’s equations using potentials. First, the vector Helmholtz equation and the scalar auxiliary equation are derived from the Maxwell’s equations using Coulomb-gauged potentials. The weighted residual method is adopted to discretize the weak formulation and assemble the FE equation. Secondly, carefully choosing the preconditioned complex stable bi-conjugate gradient method (BiCGStab) as multigrid smoother, we develop an improved EXCMG method on non-uniform grids to solve the resulting large sparse complex non-Hermitian linear systems. Finally, several examples including three standard testing models (COMMEMI3D-1, COMMEMI3D-2 and DTM1.0) and a topographic model are used to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed multigrid solver. Numerical results show that the proposed EXCMG algorithm greatly improves the efficiency of 3-D MT forward modelling, is more efficient than some existing solvers, such as Pardiso, incomplete LU factorization preconditioned biconjugate gradients stabilized method (ILU-BiCGStab) and flexible generalized minimum residual method with auxiliary space Maxwell preconditioner (FGMRES-AMS), and capable to simulate large-scale problems with more than 100 million unknowns.
Three-dimensional finite element modelling on strain localization around the Mabian earthquake swarm, Sichuan Province
Authors: Zhu Xiaojie , He Jiankun , Wang Xinguo , Xiao Jie 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYThe Mabian fault zone, distanced ∼200 km to the east of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system, is located in the western vicinity of the relatively stable South China Block. Since 1917, about 54 M &gt; 4.7 earthquakes, including the 1974 Ms = 7.1 Mabian event have occurred around this fault zone, suggesting that significant strain is localized within the Mabian fault zone. Here, we built a 3-D finite element model to investigate the main parameters that possibly control strain localization around the Mabian fault zone averaged over the active deformation timescale. In the model, the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system is specified as a discontinuous contact interface for its motion governed by a Coulomb-friction law, and the crustal rheology is simplified as a frictional upper crust underlain by a viscoelastic lower crust. In addition, global positioning system (GPS) data are used to mimic the horizontal tectonic loading, and the model base is supported by a hydrostatic pressure. Numerical results show that with the weak fault strength and the low viscosity contrast between the Tibetan plateau and the South China Block, strain rates from motion of the southeastern Tibetan plateau could be propagated across the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system more widely within the Mabian fault zone. Constrained by the estimates on slip rates of the faults and on rheological structures of the crust, our optimal model predicts the effective friction coefficient of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault of 0.05–0.1. Under this condition, relative motion across the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system is largely partitioned by the geometric bend near the central portion of the fault system, resulting in a relatively high strain rate of 2.1–3×10–8 yr–1 accumulating around the Mabian fault zone. Keeping the weak strength of the fault, numerical results also show that if the central portion of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system follows the Daliangshan fault, strain accumulation around the Mabian fault zone could be significantly reduced. It thus can be concluded that the strain partitioning from the weak strength and the special geometry of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system must play a crucial role in active deformation around the Mabian area out of the Tibetan plateau deformation domain. This in turn means that in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system, the Anninghe–Zemuhe fault is still the main boundary between the southeastern Tibetan plateau and the South China Block.
Characterizing the N- and O-linked glycans of the PGF-CTERM sorting domain-containing S-layer protein of Methanoculleus marisnigri
Authors: Kelly John , Vinogradov Evgeny , Robotham Anna , Tessier Luc , Logan Susan M , Jarrell Ken F 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The glycosylation of structural proteins is a widespread posttranslational modification in Archaea. Although only a handful of archaeal N-glycan structures have been determined to date, it is evident that the diversity of structures expressed is greater than in the other domains of life. Here, we report on our investigation of the N- and O-glycan modifications expressed by Methanoculleus marisnigri, a mesophilic methanogen from the Order Methanomicrobiales. Unusually, mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of purified archaella revealed no evidence for N- or O-glycosylation of the constituent archaellins, In contrast, the S-layer protein, identified as a PGF-CTERM sorting domain-containing protein encoded by MEMAR_RS02690, is both N- and O-glycosylated. Two N-glycans were identified by NMR and MS analysis: a trisaccharide α-GlcNAc-4-β-GlcNAc3NGaAN-4-β-Glc-Asn where the second residue is 2-N-acetyl, 3-N-glyceryl-glucosamide and a disaccharide β-GlcNAc3NAcAN-4-β-Glc-Asn, where the terminal residue is 2,3 di-N-acetyl-glucosamide. The same trisaccharide was also found N-linked to a type IV pilin. The S-layer protein is also extensively modified in the threonine-rich region near the C-terminus with O-glycans composed exclusively of hexoses. While the S-layer protein has a predicted PGF-CTERM processing site, no evidence of a truncated and lipidated C-terminus, the expected product of processing by an archaeosortase, was found. Finally, NMR also identified a polysaccharide expressed by M. marisnigri and composed of a repeating tetrasaccharide unit of [−2-β-Ribf-3-α-Rha2OMe-3-α-Rha − 2-α-Rha-]. This is the first report of N- and O-glycosylation in an archaeon from the Order Methanomicrobiales.
‘It’s just one big vicious circle’: young people’s experiences of highly visual social media and their mental health
Authors: McCrory Alanna , Best Paul , Maddock Alan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Highly visual social media (HVSM) platforms, such as Snapchat, Instagram and TikTok, are increasingly popular among young people. It is unclear what motivates young people to engage with these specific highly visual platforms and what impact the inherent features of HVSM have on young people’s mental health. Nine semi-structured focus group sessions were conducted with males and females aged 14 and 15 years (n = 47) across five secondary schools in Northern Ireland. Thematic analyses were conducted, and a conceptual model was developed to illustrate the findings. This study found that features such as likes/comments on visuals and scrolling through a feed were associated with the role of ‘viewer’, instigating longer-lasting feelings of jealousy, inferiority and pressure to be accepted. To combat these negative emotions, young people turn to the role of ‘contributor’ by using filters, selecting highlights to post to their feed and adjusting their personas, resulting in temporary feelings of higher self-esteem, greater acceptance and popularity. As users of HVSM are constantly switching between the role of viewer and contributor, the emotions they experience are also constantly switching between instant inadequacy and instant gratification. HVSM appears to trigger an unrelenting process of emotional highs and lows for its adolescent users.
Angiosarcoma of the main pulmonary artery—hand-made conduit reconstruction
Authors: Darawsha Firas , Kramer Ran , Raanani Ehud , Saute Milton 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary artery angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular tumour with a poor prognosis and a grim clinical course. Common clinical presentations include shortness of breath, coughing and haemoptysis. Differential diagnosis includes thromboembolism and lung carcinoma. Rarity of the tumour and the consequent lack of treatment guidelines further worsen the prognosis. We report a case of pulmonary artery angiosarcoma involving the main pulmonary artery and its bifurcation with emphasis on the surgical treatment.
Evaluation of the gas turbine unit in the Kirkuk gas power plant to analyse the energy and exergy using ChemCad simulation
Authors: Salah Sara A , Abbas Ehsan F , Ali Obed Majeed , Alwan Naseer T , Yaqoob Salam J , Alayi Reza 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the gas turbine unit represented by (K3) under actual weather conditions by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the design production of the unit (283.6 MW) at standard conditions (1 bar) and temperature (15) Celsius, which included the analysis of the unit energy and available energy. Hence, to find out the weaknesses and losses in the system ChemCad simulation has been used to estimate the effects of external factors (ambient temperature, compression ratio and relative humidity) for a whole year on the performance of the turbine unit. Overall results showed that the maximum exergy efficiency was obtained in November; it was ~37% when Ta was 19.39°C. The maximum efficiency obtained at Ta equal to 19.39°C, which was ~37.67%. Higher ambient temperature increases specific fuel consumption (SFC). The results show that the SFC for the practical and program calculations increases with the increase in the temperature of the external environment and reached the maximum rate in the practical calculations in September (0.224) at 33.27°C. Thus, it economically affects the price of power production. Moreover, the results showed that the combustion chamber occupied the first place for the destruction of available energy, and the results of energy efficiency and available energy were 39.20% and 30.83%, respectively.
The Functional Form of Mahler’s Conjecture for Even Log-Concave Functions in Dimension 2
Authors: Fradelizi Matthieu , Nakhle Elie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Let $\varphi :{\mathbb {R}}^{n}\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}\cup \{+\infty \}$ be an even convex function and ${\mathcal {L}}{\varphi }$ be its Legendre transform. We prove the functional form of Mahler’s conjecture concerning the functional volume product $P(\varphi )=\int e^{-\varphi }\int e^{-{\mathcal {L}}\varphi }$ in dimension 2: we give the sharp lower bound of this quantity and characterize the equality case. The proof uses the computation of the derivative in $t$ of $P(t\varphi )$ and ideas due to Meyer [16] for unconditional convex bodies, adapted to the functional case by Fradelizi and Meyer [6] and extended for symmetric convex bodies in dimension 3 by Iriyeh and Shibata [11] (see also [4]).
Recurrent Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in a CD14-Deficient Patient
Authors: Besteman Sjanna B , Phung Emily , Raeven Henriette H M , Amatngalim Gimano D , Rumpret Matevž , Crabtree Juliet , Schepp Rutger M , Rodenburg Lisa W , Siemonsma Susanna G , Verleur Nile , van Slooten Rianne , Duran Karen , van Haaften Gijs W , Beekman Jeffrey M , Chang Lauren A , Meyaard Linde , van der Bruggen Tjomme , Berbers Guy A M , Derksen Nicole , Nierkens Stefan , Morabito Kaitlyn M , Ruckwardt Tracy J , Kurt-Jones Evelyn A , Golenbock Douglas , Graham Barney S , Bont Louis J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Recurrent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection requiring hospitalization is rare and the underlying mechanism is unknown. We aimed to determine the role of CD14-mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of recurrent RSV infection.

Methods
We performed genotyping and longitudinal immunophenotyping of the first patient with a genetic CD14 deficiency who developed recurrent RSV infection. We analyzed gene expression profiles and interleukin (IL)-6 production by patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to RSV pre- and post-fusion (F) protein. We generated CD14-deficient human nasal epithelial cells cultured at air-liquid interface (HNEC-ALI) of patient-derived cells and after CRISPR-based gene editing of control cells. We analyzed viral replication upon RSV infection.

Results
Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous single-nucleotide deletion in CD14, resulting in absence of the CD14 protein in the index patient. In vitro, viral replication was similar in wild-type and CD14−/− HNEC-ALI. Loss of immune cell CD14 led to impaired cytokine and chemokine responses to RSV pre- and post-F protein, characterized by absence of IL-6 production.

Conclusions
We report an association of recurrent RSV bronchiolitis with a loss of CD14 function in immune cells. Lack of CD14 function led to defective immune responses to RSV pre- and post-F protein without a change in viral replication.
B-Cell Responses in Hospitalized Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2–Infected Children With and Without Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Peart Akindele Nadine , Pieterse Lisa , Suwanmanee San , Griffin Diane E 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can complicate infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but differences in the immune responses during MIS-C compared to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are poorly understood. We longitudinally compared the amounts and avidity of plasma anti-nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) antibodies, phenotypes of B cells, and numbers of virus-specific antibody-secreting cells in circulation of children hospitalized with COVID-19 (n = 10) and with MIS-C (n = 12). N-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) was higher early after presentation for MIS-C than COVID-19 patients and avidity of N- and S-specific IgG at presentation did not mature further during follow-up as it did for COVID-19. Both groups had waning proportions of B cells in circulation and decreasing but sustained production of virus-specific antibody-secreting cells for months. Overall, B-cell responses were similar, but those with MIS-C demonstrated a more mature antibody response at presentation compared to COVID-19, suggesting a postinfectious entity.
Delta Infection After Vaccination Elicits Potent Neutralizing Immunity Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron
Authors: Zhu Ka-Li , Gao Hui-Xia , Yao Lin , Rong Jun , Yang Li , Zhang Zhi , Jiang Ping , Duan Li-Jun , Wang Guo-Lin , Dai Er-Hei , Ma Mai-Juan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant extensively escape neutralizing antibodies by vaccines or infection. We assessed serum neutralizing activity in sera from Delta infection after vaccination and Delta infection only against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 (WA1), Beta, Delta, and Omicron. Sera from Delta infection only could neutralize WA1 and Delta but almost completely lost capacity to neutralize Beta and Omicron. However, Delta infection after vaccination resulted in a significant increase of serum neutralizing activity against WA1, Beta, and Omicron. This study demonstrates that breakthrough infection of Delta substantially induced high potency humoral immune response against the Omicron variant and other emerged variants.
An Appraisal of Project Mars and theDivided ArmiesArgument
Authors: Gibler Douglas M , Miller Steven V 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProject Mars released what it claims to be a completely new dataset of 250 wars fought since 1800 and claims these data do not suffer from Western biases of other data projects (e.g., the Correlates of War [CoW]) that apparently overlook non-Western conflicts. These data featured prominently in a recent argument in Divided Armies (2020) about the negative relationship between military inequality and battlefield performance. Our appraisal of both the data and the argument advanced in Divided Armies suggests some caution with these claims. Project Mars does not amount to a completely new dataset on conventional wars. Instead, Project Mars only evaluated CoW's interstate war data, missed that the bulk of its wars are available elsewhere in CoW's data repository (i.e., as intrastate or extrastate wars), and may have missed important observations in CoW's typology (prominently intrastate wars) that could double the size of Project Mars. Combined with additional misgivings about the quality of Project Mars’ coding and how the military inequality data were not constructed as Project Mars implies, these have important implications for the core argument advanced in Divided Armies. Scholars of war should not pool wars in their statistical models as Project Mars does.
Development and validation of predictive models for COVID-19 outcomes in a safety-net hospital population
Authors: Hao Boran , Hu Yang , Sotudian Shahabeddin , Zad Zahra , Adams William G , Assoumou Sabrina A , Hsu Heather , Mishuris Rebecca G , Paschalidis Ioannis C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective
To develop predictive models of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, elucidate the influence of socioeconomic factors, and assess algorithmic racial fairness using a racially diverse patient population with high social needs.

Materials and Methods
Data included 7,102 patients with positive (RT-PCR) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test at a safety-net system in Massachusetts. Linear and nonlinear classification methods were applied. A score based on a recurrent neural network and a transformer architecture was developed to capture the dynamic evolution of vital signs. Combined with patient characteristics, clinical variables, and hospital occupancy measures, this dynamic vital score was used to train predictive models.

Results
Hospitalizations can be predicted with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 92% using symptoms, hospital occupancy, and patient characteristics, including social determinants of health. Parsimonious models to predict intensive care, mechanical ventilation, and mortality that used the most recent labs and vitals exhibited AUCs of 92.7%, 91.2%, and 94%, respectively. Early predictive models, using labs and vital signs closer to admission had AUCs of 81.1%, 84.9%, and 92%, respectively.

Discussion
The most accurate models exhibit racial bias, being more likely to falsely predict that Black patients will be hospitalized. Models that are only based on the dynamic vital score exhibited accuracies close to the best parsimonious models, although the latter also used laboratories.

Conclusions
This large study demonstrates that COVID-19 severity may accurately be predicted using a score that accounts for the dynamic evolution of vital signs. Further, race, social determinants of health, and hospital occupancy play an important role.
Interplant transfer of nitrogen between C3 and C4 plants through common mycorrhizal networks under different nitrogen availability
Authors: Muneer Muhammad Atif , Chen Xiaohui , Munir Muhammad Zeeshan , Nisa Zaib-Un , Saddique Muhammad Abu Bakar , Mehmood Shehzad , Su Da , Zheng Chaoyuan , Ji Baoming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil often form complex mycorrhizal networks among roots of same or different plant species for transfer of nutrients from one plant to another. However, the effect of soil nitrogen (N) availability on nutrient transfer between different plant species via common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) has not been experimentally examined. In order to quantify CMN-mediated nutrient transfer between Leymus chinensis (LC) and Cleistogene squarrosa (CS), two systems, i.e. the CS–LC system (CS and LC were donor and recipient, respectively) and the LC–CS system (LC and CS were donor and recipient, respectively) were established. Stable isotopic 15N was applied to track N transfer between heterospecific seedlings connected by CMNs under three levels of soil N additions: no N addition control (N0), N addition with 7 mg/kg (N1) and N addition with 14 mg/kg (N2). In the CS–LC system, the highest rate of AMF colonization and hyphal length density (HLD) were found at N1. In contrast, maximum AMF colonization rate and HLD were recorded at N2 in LC–CS system. Consequently, plant biomass was significantly higher under N1 and N2 levels in CS–LC and LC–CS systems, respectively. Moreover, in CS–LC system, 15N transfer rate ranged from 16% to 61%, with maximum transfer rate at N1. For LC–CS system, 15N transfer rate was much lower, with the maximum occurring at N0. These findings suggest that CMNs could potentially regulate N transfer from a donor to recipient plant depending upon the strength of individual plant carbon sink.