bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise is good for the brain but getting outside is even better: Evidence from human brain wave data.
Authors: Boere Katherine , Lloyd Kelsey , Binsted Gordon , Krigolson Olave 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It is well known that exercise increases cognitive function. However, the exercise environment may be just as important as the exercise itself. Indeed, time spent in natural outdoor environments has been found to lead to similar increases in cognition as those that come about as a result of exercise. The benefits of both exercise and outdoors suggest an additive impact on brain function when both factors are combined. This raises the question: Is exercise or environment more influential on cognitive function? We answered this question by using electroencephalography to probe cognitive function before and after brief indoor and outdoor walks. Our results demonstrate an increase in a neural response associated with attention and working memory following a 15-minute walk outside than was not seen following a 15-minute walk inside. Importantly, this finding indicates that the environment plays a more substantial role in increasing cognitive function than exercise, at least in acute exercise (i.e., a brief walk). Understanding the impact of time spent in nature on brain function is critical to supporting future infrastructure that aims to reduce the effect of a society spending more and more time indoors.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of wall thermal conductivity on the flame stability and combustion characteristics of a millimeter-scale system with a cavity structure
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cavities can serve to stabilize a flame in the operation of a combustion system. However, the precise mechanism underlying the stabilizing effect of the cavity method remains unclear. This study relates to the combustion characteristics and flame stability of a millimeter-scale system with a cavity structure. Numerical simulations are conducted using computational fluid dynamics to gain insights into the performance of the millimeter-scale combustion system such as temperatures, reaction rates, species concentrations, and flames. The effect of wall thermal conductivity on flame stability is investigated. The factors affecting combustion characteristics and flame stability are determined. Design recommendations are provided. The results indicate that the cavity structure prevents quenching at sub-millimetric dimensions to enable self-sustained combustion on a micro-scale. The thermal conductivity of the burner walls plays a vital role in flame stability. Improvements in flame stability are achievable by using walls with anisotropic thermal conductivity. Heat-insulating materials are favored to minimize external heat losses. The walls have chemical characteristics which prevent chemical quenching of the flame at the walls. The walls stay hot and thermal quenching of a flame that is created can be avoided. To prevent such thermal quenching, the material forming the wall surfaces must be able to endure and sustain high temperatures. The material must minimize heat loss so that the walls do not remove heat from the combustion chamber of the millimeter-scale system.
New diagnosis for hepatocellular carcinoma via hsa_circ_0097009
Authors: Wang Xue , Peng Tingwei , Xu Limin , Lu Zuohua , Liu Qianqian , Li Beibei , Wang Yufang , Liu Xinghui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Although circular RNA takes a key part in the regulation of cancer, its role in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still unclear. This study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of hsa-circ-0097009 in HCC. Methods: RT-PCR assay was performed to detect the presence of hsa-circ-0097009 in plasma collected from 30 HCC patients and 30 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Cox regression, and Kaplan–Meier curve analyses were applied to evaluate the clinical diagnostic and prognostic values of hsa-circ-0097009. Results: The experimental data suggested that hsa-circ-0097009 expression of HCC plasma and cell lines is upregulated. The plasma hsa-circ-0097009 level of HCC patients was linked to tumor diameter (P=0.026) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) expression level (P=0.019). ROC curve reflected that the area under the curve (AUC) of plasma hsa-circ-0097009 to distinguish HCC from healthy controls was 0.8442 (95% CI=0.7654-0.923), the sensitivity was 0.9779 and the specificity was 0.7111. In addition, the plasma of hsa-circ-0097009 level decreased markedly after surgery to remove the tumor. Moreover, the plasma of hsa-circ-0097009 level of HCC patients was increased compared with healthy controls (P<0.0001) and hepatitis B patients. The AUC of plasma hsa-circ-0097009 to distinguish HCC from healthy controls and hepatitis B patients were 0.9368 (95 percent CI=0.8874-0.9862) and 0.9067 (95 percent CI=0.8439-0.9695), respectively, with the same sensitivity 0.9779 and the same specificity 0.6889. Furthermore, the AUC value of hsa-circ-0097009 combined with AFP for distinguishing HCC from healthy controls was 0.9822 (95 percent CI=0.9682-0.9961), with the sensitivity 0.9889 and specificity 0.667. The plasma hsa-circ-0097009 low expression group had a considerably longer overall survival (OS) than the high expression group.Conclusion: The study suggests that hsa-circ-0097009 could be used as a new potential biomarker in diagnoses and prognoses of HCC patients.
Softening online extremes organically and at scale
Authors: Johnson Neil , Restrepo Elvira Maria , Moreno Martin , Illari Lucia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Calls are escalating for social media platforms to do more to mitigate extreme online communities whose views can lead to real-world harms, e.g., mis/disinformation and distrust that increased Covid-19 fatalities, and now extend to monkeypox, unsafe baby formula alternatives, cancer, abortions, and climate change; white replacement that inspired the 2022 Buffalo shooter and will likely inspire others; anger that threatens elections, e.g., 2021 U.S. Capitol attack; notions of male supremacy that encourage abuse of women; anti-Semitism, anti-LGBQT hate and QAnon conspiracies. But should 'doing more' mean doing more of the same, or something different? If so, what? Here we start by showing why platforms doing more of the same will not solve the problem. Specifically, our analysis of nearly 100 million Facebook users entangled over vaccines and now Covid and beyond, shows that the extreme communities' ecology has a hidden resilience to Facebook's removal interventions; that Facebook's messaging interventions are missing key audience sectors and getting ridiculed; that a key piece of these online extremes' narratives is being mislabeled as incorrect science; and that the threat of censorship is inciting the creation of parallel presences on other platforms with potentially broader audiences. We then demonstrate empirically a new solution that can soften online extremes organically without having to censor or remove communities or their content, or check or correct facts, or promote any preventative messaging, or seek a consensus. This solution can be automated at scale across social media platforms quickly and with minimal cost.
Sentiments Analysis Using Tweets
Authors: YASWANTH VANAMA , MATHUR VIDHI , SINGH SNEH 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Data is a powerful weapon in today’s society, and it can assess if something is a success or a failure. This enables the company to examine its customer base and deliver results as promptly as workable. This concept is known as Sentiment Analysis of Data. Sentimental Analysis can be performed using historical or present data. There are many tools and machine learning approaches available, but most people find that natural language processing is a great tool for assessing data for opinion mining, and machine learning is a great solution if they know how to use it correctly.
Education Mode Reform of Colleges and Universities in Music Teaching under 5G Internet
Authors: Luo Luo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A research focusing on the education mode reform of colleges and universities in music teaching under 5G Internet is carried out to better apply 5G (5th generation mobile networks) Internet technology into the education. At first, advantages of 5G Internet are illustrated. Then it introduces characteristics of education informalization. Finally, it combines 5G Internet technology and education perfectly to design concrete scene of 5G in the educative application and conclude innovative application of 5G application in the education. Results suggest, on the basis of 5G Internet technology, education methods of colleges and universities in music teaching have been getting diversified. Especially on the current colleges and universities music class situation, colleges and universities music education puts music culture and music literacy together and deepens the verified exploration on education mode. Teachers on multimedia class extend diversified contents of music education. They gradually present different styles and ideas of music to student, which makes development of music education in broadness and depth and transforms traditional methods of music education. It will be a kind of joy for student to study it on class, which makes them consider more paths to study music. In this way, students can associate music with society development and add their music knowledge to more diversified music contents. In the meantime, application of music-thinking mode in multi-ethnic music learning, overall multi-culture music thinking, improvement of music literacy and enhancement of music culture soft power can be achieved.
Differential Impact of Biologic Therapy on Heart Function Biomarkers in Rheumatoid
Arthritis Patients: Observational Study on Etanercept, Adalimumab, and
Tocilizumab
Authors: Dubiel-Braszczok Beata , Nowak Karolina , Owczarek Aleksander , Engelmann Małgorzata , Gumkowska-Sroka Olga , Kotyla Przemysław J. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents the most frequent form of inflammatory arthritis,
affecting approximately 1% of the population worldwide. The introduction of novel therapeutic strategies targeting
proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and interleukin-6) revolutionized the treatment of RA. This kind of
treatment, although effective in a substantial portion of patients, may potentially cause many side effects.
Among them, cardiovascular safety is one of the main concerns.

Objectives:
In the present study, we investigated the impact of treatment with anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 agents
on heart function and levels of heart function biomarkers.

Methods:
To measure this, we used cardiac function biomarkers, such as NT-pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide, mid
regional pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, Galectin-3, and Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein and compared
them to patients treated with methotrexate as well as healthy controls.

Results:
Patients treated with biologics were characterized by low disease activity or were in remission. The
disease activity in these groups was significantly lower than in the methotrexate group. All patients recruited for
the study were characterized by normal heart function measured using echocardiography (EF>50%). With the
exception of MR-proANP between tocilizumab and adalimumab (median: 1.01 vs. 0.49 nmol/L, p< 0.05), we
failed to observe any significant differences in biomarkers levels between groups treated with biologics. Contrary
to this, patients on MTX showed higher NT-proBNP levels compared to adalimumab and healthy controls
(p< 0.05 for both). Striking differences have been shown in regard to H-FABP. The levels of these biomarkers
were elevated in all biologics and the methotrexate group compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion:
As this biomarker reflects potential heart injury, we suggest that heart damage proceeds in a continuous
manner in RA patients despite effective treatment and attainment of remission/low disease activity. This
finding, however, should be verified in a larger cohort of RA patients to ascertain if the routine assessment of
H-FABP may be useful for the detection of patients with RA who are at risk of development of heart damage.
Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis from Genetic Perspective: An updated Review
Authors: Torkamandi Shahram , Mikaeili Haleh , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Babaie Farhad , Omraninava Melodi , Gorabi Armita Mahdavi , Khosrojerdi Arezou , Aslani Saeed , Yazdchi Arsalan , Sathyapalan Thozhukat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Psoriasis is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by the aberrant proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, leading to skin lesions. Abnormal immune responses mediated by T cells and dendritic cells and increased production of inflammatory cytokines have been suggested as underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging evidence suggests that there is a heritable basis for psoriatic disorders. Moreover, numerous gene variations have been associated with the disease risk, particularly those in innate and adaptive immune responses and antigen presentation pathways. Herein, this article discusses the genetic implications of psoriatic diseases' etiopathogenesis to develop novel investigative and management options.
Biology of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Skeleton Disease: Osteonecrosis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Gupta Ankita , Tripathi Lokesh , Pandey Sanjay , Dwivedi Deepak 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive trait of genetic hemoglobin disorder whose prevalence is varied from 5 to 25 % of the world population. It is characterized by the presence of hemoglobin (HbS) instead of normal hemoglobin (HbA). An individual suffering from sickle cell disease is likely to be at risk of osteonecrosis which is a form of ischemic bone infarction which causes intolerable degenerative joint problems and can affect 30-50% of people with sickle cell disease. The femoral head is the most frequent epiphyseal location in osteonecrosis with sickle cell disease. In this review, the Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-a subfamily of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) characteristics, outlined the osteoblastogenesis potentiality via using combinatorial or advanced treatment approaches. In this review, we aim to describe the Bone morphogenetic proteins' role in Skeleton diseases and discuss the potent osteogenic BMPs (majorly BMP-2, BMP-6, and BMP-7) with therapeutic benefits.
Natural-Derived COX-2 Inhibitors as Anticancer Drugs: A Review of their Structural Diversity and Mechanism of Action
Authors: Zarghi Afshin , Mahboubi-Rabbani Mohammad , Abbasi Maryam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key-type enzyme playing a crucial role in cancer development, making it a target of high interest for drug designers. In the last two decades, numerous selective COX-2 inhibitors have been approved for various clinical conditions. However, data from clinical trials propose that the prolonged use of COX-2 inhibitors is associated with life-threatening cardiovascular side effects. The data indicate that a slight structural modification can help develop COX-2 selective inhibitors with comparative efficacy and limited side effects. In this regard, secondary metabolites from natural sources offer great hope for developing novel COX-2 inhibitors with potential anticancer activity. In recent years, various nature-derived organic scaffolds are being explored as leads for developing new COX-2 inhibitors. The current review attempts to highlight the COX-2 inhibition activity of some naturally occurring secondary metabolites, concerning their capacity to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and inhibit cancer development, aiming to establish a structure-activity relationship.
Lactic Acid Bacteria Metabolism: Mini-Review
Authors: Mazguene Souhila 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a heterogeneous group of Gram-positive bacteria found
in various ecological niches: fermented and non-fermented foods, the intestinal tract and vagina
of humans and animals, and the environment. They are microorganisms used as probiotics, food
supplements, and fermentates due to their characteristics of fermentation and safety status. LAB
are responsible for the sensory and shelf life of fermented foods, gut microbiota equilibrium, and
health modulation through different metabolic activities by the action of various enzymes. These
enzymes degrade the major compounds: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, leading to the production
of new metabolites that are important to study with the aim of understanding all metabolic
pathways and diverse possible applications. The present work summarizes the metabolism of
LAB, including different pathways, key enzymes, and specific aspects of certain species.
The Effect of Reflexology on the Anxiety of Pregnant Women During
Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abbaszadeh Zeinab , Malakouti Jamileh , Maghalian Mahsa , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Reflexology is a non-invasive, inexpensive, and simple technique that can be employed for pregnant women.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the effects of reflexology on anxiety during labor (primary outcome) and its side effects (secondary outcome).

Methods:
In this systematic review, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases were searched systematically and without time constraints until 20 April 2021. The quality of the selected articles was assessed using Cochrane Handbook and the meta-analysis was performed utilizing RevMan 5.3. Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 statistic and, as there was heterogeneity between the studies, subgroup analysis was carried out based on the control group. Since the anxiety assessment tools in the included studies were identical, the mean difference (MD) was reported. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.

Results:
Six studies that included 643 pregnant women were investigated in this systematic review. The results of the meta-analysis using five of the studies revealed that reflexology significantly lowered the mean scores for maternal anxiety compared to routine care or simple massage (MD: -11.34; 95% CI: -16.28 to -6.40). None of the studies reported any specific side effects after reflexology treatment.

Conclusion:
Reflexology can decrease maternal anxiety during labor. However, given the small number of studies and the high or unclear bias risk in most of them, no definitive conclusions can be drawn and it is recommended that further research with stronger methodologies be conducted on this subject.
Computational Model for Prediction of Foxo Protein Employing Ensemble
Learning Algorithm
Authors: Jain Shruti 
Published: May 2022

Aims:
In this paper, Forkhead box O (FOXO) protein using the ensemble learning algorithm is predicted. When FOXO is in excess in the human body, it leads to LNCap prostate cancer cells, and if deficit leading neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective:
Neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, are neurological illnesses that are caused by damaged brain cells. For prediction of FOXO protein, Gradient Boosted Machine (GBM) and Random forest (RF) techniques are used.

Method:
The main idea of using GBM is its non-linear nature but it is difficult for any single decision tree to fit all training. To overcome this, an RF algorithm is used. RF combines the results at the end of the process by average or majority rules, while the GBM algorithm combines the results along the way.

Results:
A total of 29.16% improvement has been observed by RF over GBM. Average square error is also evaluated to check the testing and training of data for 100 trees on 100 tree sizes.

Conclusion:
In this paper, a computational model for the prediction of FOXO protein using ensemble learning techniques (Random Forest and GBM) has been proposed. If the dataset has many variable features and the prediction accuracy is not as important then RF can be considered. On the other hand, GBMs are better suited for datasets that have very few or fewer input features and where high accuracy predictions are required. However, there are instances when either GBM or RF can perform equally well depending on how they are tuned.
Role of Superantigens in Various Childhood Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Noorbakhsh Samileh , Ashouri Sarvenaz , Moradkhani Masoumeh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Superantigens (Sags) are a part of some viral or bacterial proteins that stimulate T cells and
antigen-presenting cells leading to systemic immune repose and inflammation. SAgs might have a
possible role in various inflammatory childhood diseases (e.g., Kawasaki disease, atopic dermatitis,
and chronic rhinosinusitis). Worldwide studies have been conducted to determine the role of staphylococcal
SAgs (TSST-1) in various inflammatory diseases. The SAgs (TSST-1) not only induce sepsis
and septic shock (even in negative blood culture for S. aureus), but may also have a significant role in
various childhood inflammatory diseases (e.g., KD, OMS, Polyp, dermatitis, psoriasis). In proven
Sags-induced inflammatory diseases, the inhibition of the cell-destructive process by SAgs suppressants
might be helpful. In toxic shock or sepsis-like presentation and even in cases with negative blood
cultures, immediate use of anti staphylococcal drugs is required. Occasionally, the clinical presentation
of some human viruses (e.g., coronavirus and adenovirus) mimics KD. In addition, coinfection with
adenovirus, coronavirus, and para-influenza virus type 3 has also been observed with KD. It has been
observed that in developed KD, bacterial sags induced an increase in acute-phase reactants and in the
number of white blood cells, and neutrophil counts. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
(MISC) and KS were observed during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This study summarized the
relationship between viral and bacterial SAgs and childhood inflammatory diseases.
Near Infrared Spectroscopy For Cerebral Hemodynamic Monitoring During Carotid Endarterectomy Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Rein Letícia Cristina Dalledone Siqueira , Siqueira Daniel Emílio Dalledone , Guillaumon Ana Terezinha , Avelar Wagner Mauad , Cendes Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Background:Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive method for continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygenation.Objective:To describe the intraoperative behavior of NIRS variables used to evaluate hemodynamic response in patients with atherosclerotic disease undergoing carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia.Methods:Fifteen volunteers with atherosclerotic carotid disease with indications for endarterectomy were evaluated. After selection of patients, carotid stenosis was confirmed by appropriate diagnostic methods. NIRS was used for intraoperative monitoring. The variables total hemoglobin (Hb), oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), and regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) were evaluated at three intraoperative time points: before, during, and after carotid clamping.Results and Discussion:Measurements recorded by NIRS showed that, during the first 5 min of clamp time, patients experienced a decline in O2Hb levels, an increase in HHb levels, and a marked decrease in rSO2. Hb remained constant throughout the procedure. At the post-clamping time point, HHb, O2Hb, and rSO2returned to patterns similar to those observed before clamping.Conclusion:NIRS was able to reliably and accurately identify the three stages of carotid endarterectomy and may predict the risk of cerebral hypoxia during carotid clamping under general anesthesia.