bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internationalization of Medical Education in China: An Investigation of Medical Graduates’ Global Competence and its influencing factors
Authors: Jiang Qin , Song Xiaokang , Wang Ke , Yue Cailing , Sun Hong , Zhang Zhuoqi , Hu Bin , Li Hui , Miao Gugen , Miao Chunxia , Duan Wei , Liu Shenjun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Global competence has become an important competence for medical graduates in the globalized world. However, no research has been made to measure medical graduates’ global competence. To fill the gap, this study was built upon the scholarship published in the field and administered the questionnaire to China medical graduates sampled from four institutions of medical education. We found that the sample had a relatively good level of global competence in general, but lacked skills in cross-cultural communication and international academic communication. We also found that “Internationalization Concept and System” and “International Development of Teachers” in the school dimension and “Taking International Courses”, “International Publication” and “Participation in International Conference” in the dimension of individual international involvement had a significant positive impact on the cultivation of global competence. In conclusion, the universities should aim for the construction of an effective institutional mechanism for internationalization to help improve students’ global competence.
Perinodular and intranodular radiomic features on 18F-FDG PET/CT images predict PD-L1 status in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Yubo , He Xinghua , Song Xiaoyi , Li Man , Zhu Ding , Zhang Fanwei , Chen Qingling , Lu Yao , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status can affect the efficacy of immunotherapy. Based on the link between PD-L1 expression and metabolism, we hypothesize that radiomics based on 18F-FDG PET/CT can provide clinical decision support for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
In this retrospective study, 18F-FDG PET/CT images and clinical data of 394 eligible patients were divided into training (n = 315) and test sets (n = 79). Radiomic features of the CT and PET images were extracted and these were analysed using five different machine learning classifiers. Combining semantic features with the best radiomic model, a clinical-radiomic model was established to predict the PD-L1 status in patients with NSCLC.
Results
The radiomic model based on PET intranodular features preform the best, yielding an area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.791 (95% CI: 0.788, 0.799) on the test set. By adding semantic features, the test set AUC improved to 0.795 (95% CI: 0.794, 0.803).
Conclusion
This study showed that 18F-FDG PET/CT-based radiomics could be used as a non-invasive biomarker to provide more accurate and personalized decision support for patients with NSCLC.
Seismic hazard maps of the eastern Himalaya syntaxis by integrating the surface topography and site effects
Authors: Rahman M. Moklesur , Bai Ling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The complex tectonic position and the long history of the devastating earthquakes with massive casualties and socio-economic damages have highlighted the importance of proper seismic hazard assessment for the eastern Himalaya syntaxis region. Here, probabilistic seismic hazards are computed combining the area, linear and smooth grid seismogenic source models. The surface topography and the site effects are incorporated to thousands of 0.1° x 0.1° grid cells. Uniform moment magnitude of declustered catalogs are used. The mean seismicity rate, the b-value and the expected maximum magnitude are estimated using the maximum likelihood algorithm. Two sets of ground motion prediction equations for shallow crustal and subduction interface tectonic regime are assigned to every source model by utilizing a logic tree to reduce the epistemic uncertainties in hazard calculation. The peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration are estimated at 0.2s and 1.0s for 2% and 10% probabilities of exceedance in 50 years. The hazard maps show a wide range of spatio-temporal variation of values. The topographic irregularities and site effects significantly amplified the seismic hazard values. High hazardous zones are associated with the continental plate collision beneath the Assam Syntaxis. Medium hazard is estimated at Namche Barwa syntaxis. This analysis suggests the integration of actual site conditions, well developed ground motion prediction equations and multiple source models through logic tree to evaluate the better seismic hazards for any complex region.
Surgical treatment of recurrent retroperitoneal sarcoma in its different patterns: a 15-years’ two-centers experience
Authors: Guadagni Simone , Peri Andrea , Palmeri Matteo , Furbetta Niccolò , Franco Gregorio Di , Filardo Matteo , Comandatore Annalisa , Pollina Luca Emanuele , Gaeta Raffaele , Sbrana Andrea , Galli Luca , Mercinelli Chiara , Pietrabissa Andrea , Candio Giulio Di , Morelli Luca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Few data are available about the role of surgery in the treatment of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) recurrences. We herein report the short- and mid-term outcomes of patients who underwent surgical treatment of RPS recurrences at two Italian centers.
Materials and Methods
From January 2005 to January 2020, 33 patients underwent surgical treatment of isolated locally recurrent RPS (LR group), locally recurrent RPS associated with the presence of distant recurrence (LR + DM group), and distant-only recurrent RPS (DM group). Data regarding pre-, intra-, post-operative course, and follow-up, were retrospectively analyzed and compared.
Results
LR-group was composed of 15 patients, LR + DM group of 9 patients, and DM group of 9 patients. During the follow-up, 78.5% of the LR group, 77.8% of the DM group and 100% of the LR + DM group (p = 0.244) experienced a second recurrence. No differences in the mean disease-free survival (p = 0.127), overall survival (OS) (p = 0.165) was reported between the three groups. Repeated surgery was an independent factor affecting survival in multivariate analysis (p = 0.01).
Conclusions
A surgical treatment of RPS recurrences should always be taken into consideration, also in metastatic patients and/or in those who have already undergone surgery, because this approach may offer longer survival.
Accurate Diagnostic Tissue Segmentation and Concurrent Disease Subtyping with Small Datasets
Authors: Frank Steven 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
· Purpose: pathology slides of malignancies are segmented based on small training datasets; the segmentations may be used to visualize diseased regions and to guide subtyping analysis.· Approach: an ensemble of lightweight convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is trained on different subsets of a small dataset derived from annotated whole-slide histopathology images (WSIs). The WSIs are first reduced in scale to preserve anatomic features critical to analysis but also facilitate convenient handling and storage. They are then decomposed into tiles, which are sifted using various criteria and used to train the CNNs to distinguish diseased from undiseased tissue. For subtyping, a similar procedure is used to train an ensemble of CNNs to distinguish among subtypes. A segmentation is generated by downsampling and tiling a candidate image, sifting the tiles, and classifying each tile with the ensemble of CNNs. The CNN predictions are combined using a function to favor a selected similarity metric, and a segmentation mask or map is produced from tiles whose combined predictions exceed a decision boundary. For subtyping, the resulting mask is applied to the downsampled candidate image, and new tiles are derived from the unmasked regions. These are classified by the subtyping CNNs to produce an overall subtype prediction.· Results and conclusion: this approach was applied successfully to two very different datasets of large WSIs, one (PAIP2020) involving multiple subtypes of colorectal cancer and the other (CAMELYON16) single-type breast-cancer metastases. Scored using standard similarity metrics, the segmentations outperformed more complex models typifying the state of the art.
Intra-corporeal hand-sewn gastroduodenostomy in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy: Preliminary Experience with 21 Cases
Authors: Zhang Ren-Chao , Cen Gang , Huang Chen , Mou Yi-Ping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Various procedures of intra-corporeal gastroduodenostomy in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy(TLDG) have been devised, but an optimal method has not yet been standardized. Studies of intra-corporeal hand-sewn gastroduodenostomy in TLDG are limited. In this study, we present our experience of intra-corporeal hand-sewn gastroduodenostomy in TLDG.
Methods
From December 2018 to October 2021, 21 patients underwent TLDG using intra-corporeal hand-sewn gastroduodenostomy for gastric cancer. The data of the patient demographics, intraoperative variables, postoperative hospital stay, morbidity, mortality, pathologic findings and follow-up were collected.
Results
All patients were successfully operated on without conversion to open- or laparoscope-assisted surgery. The median operative time was 175 min (range, 152-240min), with a reconstruction duration of 21 min (range, 15- 34min) .The time until first flatus was 4 days (range,2-6d). The time to starting a soft diet was 7 days (range,3-16d). There were no anastomotic complications. The morbidity rate was 4.76% with one case of delayed gastric emptying. There was no postoperative 30-day mortality and reoperation. The median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days(range,6-19d). Median follow-up time was 15 months (range,3-36m), no anastomotic strictures were encountered.
Conclusions
Intra-corporeal hand-sewn gastroduodenostomy in TLDG is a safe and feasible procedure. This method with lower surgical costs could be a good option for performing intracorporeal gastroduodenostomy with an advanced laparoscopic suture technique.
New extensions of (2+1)-dimensional BLMP models with soliton solutions
Authors: Darvishi M. T. , Najafi Mohammad , Rezazadeh Hadi , Bekir Ahmet , Cevikel Adem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Searching for soliton solutions of NPDEs is one of the most interesting and important areas of science in the field of nonlinear phenomena. Soliton is a localized wave with exponential wings or is a localized wave with an infinite support. In this work, we study two extensions of (2+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli (BLMP) equation. Based on the simplified Hirota’s method (HM) and the Cole-Hopf transformation (CHT) method, new multiple front wave solutions are obtained for both versions.
Cross-layer Balance of Visuo-hippocampal Functional Connectivity Is Associated With Episodic Memory Recognition Accuracy
Authors: CHANG Wei-Tang , Langella Stephanie , Seo Min Sung , Huynh Khoi , Yap Pew-Thian , Lin Weili ,   Kelly Giovanello1
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Episodic memory is supported by the hippocampus and widespread cortical areas. However, little is known about how hippocampal subregions connect with different cortical layers or how layer-dependent cortico-hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) correlates with memory performance. Inspired by cross-frequency coupling between the hippocampus and neocortex in intracranial electrophysiological studies, we hypothesized that the balance of cortico-hippocampal FC strengths between deep and superficial layers would be associated with recognition memory accuracy. To test this hypothesis, we developed laminar-resolution fMRI, achieving whole-brain coverage, 1-mm isotropic resolution, and 2-second temporal resolution on a 7T scanner by integrating multiple advanced methods. Our results showed that the balance of cortico-hippocampal FC between superficial and deep layers in visual cortex was more highly correlated with recognition accuracy than conventional layer-averaged FC. Such findings open a new avenue for layer-dependent FC research, with clear implications for future investigations into clinical populations.
Microglial-oligodendrocyte interactions in myelination and neurological function recovery after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Song Shanshan , Hasan Md Nabiul , Yu Lauren , Paruchuri Satya S. , Bielanin John P. , Metwally Shamseldin , Fischer Sydney G. , Fiesler Victoria M. , Sen Tanusree , Gupta Rajaneesh K. , Foley Lesley M. , Hitchens T. Kevin , Dixon C. Edward , Cambi Franca , Sen Nilkantha , Sun Dandan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Differential microglial inflammatory responses play a role in regulation of differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) in brain white matter. How microglia-OL crosstalk is altered by traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its impact on axonal myelination and neurological function impairment remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated roles of a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1), an essential microglial pH regulatory protein, in microglial proinflammatory activation and OL survival and differentiation in a murine TBI model induced by controlled cortical impact. Similar TBI-induced contusion volumes were detected in the Cx3cr1-CreERT2 control (Ctrl) mice and selective microglial Nhe1 knockout (Cx3cr1-CreERT2;Nhe1flox/flox, Nhe1 cKO) mice. Compared to the Ctrl mice, the Nhe1 cKO mice displayed increased resistance to initial TBI-induced white matter damage and accelerated chronic phase of OL regeneration at 30 d post-TBI. The cKO brains presented increased anti-inflammatory phenotypes of microglia and infiltrated myeloid cells, with reduced proinflammatory transcriptome profiles. Moreover, the cKO mice exhibited accelerated post-TBI sensorimotor and cognitive functional recovery than the Ctrl mice. These phenotypic outcomes in cKO mice were recapitulated in C57BL6J wild-type TBI mice received treatment of a potent NHE1 inhibitor HOE642 for 1-7 days post-TBI. Taken together, these findings collectively demonstrated that blocking NHE1 protein stimulates restorative microglial activation and oligodendrogenesis, which contributes to accelerated white matter repair and neurological function recovery after TBI.
WITHDRAWN: Mathematical modeling of transport phenomena in chemical reactors
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Endothermic reactions performed in thermally integrated microchannel reactors are driven using heat from an external source. However, the temperature of the gas stream providing the heat is limited by constraints imposed by the materials of construction. This study relates to a thermochemical process for producing hydrogen by the catalytic endothermic reaction of methanol with steam in a thermally integrated microchannel reforming reactor. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are conducted to better understand the consumption, generation, and exchange of thermal energy between endothermic and exothermic processes in the reactor. The effects of wall heat conduction properties on heat transfer characteristics and reactor performance are investigated. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and the results are presented. Particular reactor designs are also described. The results indicate that asymmetric operation requires spatial distribution of the feed for the exothermic reaction in order to prevent excess temperatures and to ensure stable operation. The peak reaction heat flux increases with the channel dimensions while maintaining the flow rates. The change in specific enthalpy is positive for the exothermic reaction and negative for the endothermic reaction. The change in specific sensible enthalpy is always positive. The thermal conductivity of the channel walls is fundamentally important. Materials with high thermal conductivity are preferred for the channel walls. Thermally conductive ceramics and metals are well-suited. The application of autothermal reactor concepts can be extended to endothermic high temperature reactions. Advantages are the compact design which allows fast start-up and load changes. Drawbacks include the dilution of the reforming product with nitrogen if air is used as oxidant.
Isolation and identification of potentially pathogenic free-living amoeba in dental-unit water samples
Authors: Khatoonaki Hadi , Solhjoo Kavous , Rezanezhad Hassan , Armand Belal , Abdoli Amir , Taghipour Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although the presence of free-living amoebae (FLAs) in various water sources has been reported, few studies have been surveyed on their abundance in medical-unit and dental-unit water samples. The current study aimed to identify morphological and molecular characteristics of FLA isolates in the water samples of the dental unit in Iran. A total of 232 water samples were collected from 17 dental units. Then, filtration and cultivation were conducted on a non-nutrient agar (NNA) medium. Also, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and sequencing were performed by using the genus/species-specific primers plus a common primer set on positive samples. One hundred and sixty-six samples were positive for FLA by the microscopic method, whereas 114 samples were positive by the molecular method with a common primer set. Considering the PCR assay with genus/species-specific primers, 23.27% (54/232) samples were identified as Acanthamoeba spp. (belonging to T4 genotype), 36.63% (85/232) as Vermamoeba vermiformis, and 1.72% (4/232) as Vahlkampfiidae family (Naegleria lovaniensis). These results highlight a need to improve filtration systems in dental units and periodic screenings for FLA in dental-unit water.
Fuzzy risk-based allocation of pollution load using extended trading-ratio system
Authors: Monfared Ali , Reza Rabieifar Hamid , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractToday, one of the most important aspects of urban planning and management is the issue of environmental protection. It is necessary to consider the effects of urban development on the environment in urban planning to achieve sustainable economic and industrial development. In this paper, an optimal planning structure has been developed to reduce the pollution load of Khorramabad River, Lorestan Province, Iran. The developed fuzzy trading-ratio system was programmed based on risk-based fuzzy analysis for nine dischargers of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) as a water quality index and optimized using a genetic algorithm. The calibrated and verified model was utilized to simulate the BOD5 concentration at checkpoints of the river using four data sets of water quality collected from 2018 to 2021 in August (2018, 2019 and 2020 for calibration and 2021 for verification). The results showed that BOD5 exchange in the downstream stations is in critical condition. Optimization to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment showed that the proposed model could be economically improved by about 11%. The feasible domain of risk changes was assessed at three levels of 30, 60 and 90%, with the maximum value of the objective function calculated for the alcohol factory and the minimum value obtained for the flour factory.
Gardens of the Bible as a Place of Encounter between Man and God
Authors: Wawrzyniak Justyna 
Published: June 2022

This article combines two goals. The first is to show the gardens of the Bible as the background settings for the most important encounters between God and man, and the second is to define the genius loci of these places. The challenge was to isolate the physical features of the gardens of the Bible as carriers of spiritual aspects. The introduction presents the role of nature and the garden as the theatre of God’s Glory (mentioned by Calvin). It explores moreover the sacred aspects of historical gardens and then describes the nature of individual gardens of the Bible and the events that took place there, closing with the results of observations ordered by parameters that make up the western-defined genius loci (spirit of the place), such as: things, earth, sky, order, and character. At the end of each description of a garden, the challenge of defining its spirit was taken for the first time. The inspiring phenomenon of gardens and the conscious use of selected elements will meet not only aesthetic expectations but also the spiritual exploration of contemporary people.
Cross-Talk between Obesity and Diabetes: Introducing Polyphenols as an Effective Phytomedicine to Combat the Dual Sword Diabesity
Authors: Shah Muhammad Ajmal , Haris Muhammad , Faheem Hafiza Ishmal , Hamid Ayesha , Yousaf Rimsha , Rasul Azhar , Shah Ghulam Mujtaba , Khalil Atif Ali Khan , Wahab Abdul , Khan Haroon , Alhasani Reem Hasaballah , Althobaiti Norah A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:Obesity-associated diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic affliction accounting for 90% of all diabetic patients, has been affecting humanity extremely badly and escalating the risk of developing other serious disorders. It is observed that 0.4 billion people globally have diabetes, whose major cause is obesity. Currently, innumerable synthetic drugs like alogliptin and rosiglitazone are being used to get through diabetes, but they have certain complications, restrictions with severe side effects, and toxicity issues. Recently, the frequency of plant-derived phytochemicals as advantageous substitutes against diabesity is increasing progressively due to their unparalleled benefit of producing less side effects and toxicity. Of these phytochemicals, dietary polyphenols have been accepted as potent agents against the dual sword “diabesity”. These polyphenols target certain genes and molecular pathways through dual mechanisms such as adiponectin upregulation, cannabinoid receptor antagonism, free fatty acid oxidation, ghrelin antagonism, glucocorticoid inhibition, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibition, oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition etc. which sequentially help to combat both diabetes and obesity. In this review, we have summarized the most beneficial natural polyphenols along with their complex molecular pathways during diabesity.
The Promising Role of Natural Exosomal Nanoparticles in Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Premnath Archana , Benny Sonu , Presanna Aneesh Thankappan , Mangalathillam Sabitha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Exosomal nanoparticles are cell-derived nano-sized vesicles in the size range of 30-150nm formed by the
inward infolding of the cell membrane. They are encased in a lipid bilayer membrane and contain various proteins
and nucleic acids according to the characteristics of their parent cell. They are involved in intercellular communication.
Their specific structural and inherent properties are helpful in therapeutics and as biomarkers in diagnostics.
Since they are biomimetic, these small-sized nanoparticles pose many advantages if used as a drug carrier vehicle. In
cancer, the exosomal nanoparticles have both stimulatory and inhibitory activity towards immune responses; hence,
they are used in immunotherapy. They can also carry chemotherapeutic agents to the target site minimizing their
targetability concerns. Chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) is a synergistic approach in which chemotherapy and immunotherapy
are utilized to benefit each other. Exosomal nanoparticles (NPs) are essential in delivering CIT agents into
tumor tissues. Most advanced studies in CIT take place in the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling
pathway, where the STING activation supported by chemotherapy-induced an increase in immune surveillance
through the help of exosomal NPs. Dendritic cell(DC) derived exosomes, as well as Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC),
are abundantly used in immunotherapy, and hence their support can be used in chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) for
multifaceted benefits.