bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saffron extract feed improves the antioxidant status of laying hens and the inhibitory effect on cancer cells (PC3 and MCF7) Growth
Authors: Vakili Reza , Toroghian Mina , Torshizi Mahdi Elahi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere have been some reports regarding supplementation of saffron petal extract on performance and egg quality in laying hens. However, the effect of saffron petal extract fed diet at different amounts on antioxidant status of laying hens and the impact of the resulting egg yolk on growth/inhibitory activity of cancer cells has not been fully studied.ObjectivesThe effect of dried saffron petal extract on the laying performance, egg qualitative traits, antioxidant status, and its inhibitory effect on cancer cells was studied.MethodsA total of 200 39‐week‐old Hy‐line W36 Leghorn laying hens were selected based on a completely randomised design in four treatments with five replications (10 hens per replication). The four treatment diets consisted of a basal diet with no supplement (control), and three diet supplement groups containing 40, 60 and 80 ppm of saffron petal extract.ResultsAdding 80 ppm of saffron petal extract to layer diets increased egg production (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde,1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl value and Superoxide dismutase significantly improved by saffron petal dietary supplementation. The yolk weight and colour, Haugh unit and shell weight and thickness were also influenced (p < 0.05) with highest values achieved in the 60 ppm saffron extract supplemented diet. Results demonstrated a significant effect of saffron extract inclusion in the diet on the growth of Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 and Prostate Cancer Cell in a positive dose‐dependent manner (p < 0.05) and the most intense inhibitory effect on cancer cells was observed with 60–80 ppm extract.ConclusionsSaffron petal extract can be used to potentially modulate the antioxidant status of laying hens and the inhibitory effect on cancer cells, best achieved with 60–80 ppm extract.
Molecular detection and assessment of the epidemiological risk factors associated with equine herpesvirus 2 and 5 in working equids in central Ethiopia
Authors: Wondimagegnehu Kifle , Leta Samson , Amenu Kebede , Negussie Haileleul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory disease is the most common presenting complaint at veterinary clinics and a priority concern for equid owners and veterinary practitioners in Ethiopia.ObjectivesThis study aimed to report the molecular detection of EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 and to assess the risk factors associated with infection in working equids in central Ethiopia.MethodsNasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 58 horses and donkeys to detect EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 using PCR targeting the conserved region of glycoprotein B (gB) genes.ResultsFrom 58 equids, EHV‐5 and EHV‐2 were detected in 20 (34.5%) and 19 (32.8%) equids, respectively. Concurrent infection with EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 was found in 6 (10.3%) equids who exhibited respiratory clinical signs. EHV‐2 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.002) proportion of horses (54.5%; n = 18) than donkeys (4%; n = 1). In contrast, EHV‐5 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.004) proportion of donkeys (56%; n = 14) compared to horses (18.2% n = 6). EHV‐2‐positive equids were seven times more likely to display clinical signs of respiratory disease than EHV‐2‐negative equids (Odds ratio (OR) = 6.9; 95%CI: 1.72‐27.60). However, statistically significant (p = 0.832) difference was not observed for EHV‐5. EHV‐2 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.004) proportion of female (50%; n = 16) compared to male equids (11.5%; n = 3).ConclusionsThis study revealed the molecular detection of EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 in horses and donkeys residing in central Ethiopia. The association between EHV‐2‐test‐positive equids and displaying of clinical signs of respiratory disease was observed, which suggests EHV‐2 involvement in the development of respiratory disease; however, it deserves further investigation.
Understanding synergies and tradeoffs between forests, water, and climate change
Authors: Singh Manisha , Sinha Bhaskar , Bisaria Jigyasa , Thomas Thomas , Srivastava Pankaj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding synergies and trade‐offs between forests, water, and climate change is warranted for designing effective policies and strategies for managing water and forests, which are essential for sustenance, ecological proliferation, and economic development. Forests are considered global storehouse of resources, functioning as ecosystem service providers, such as recyclers of terrestrial water to maintain quality and quantity of water but are constantly regulated by climatic parameters. These interlinkages are further complicated by the highly debated role of forests in water regulation and consumption, anthropogenic changes in land use, changing climatic patterns and their subsequent impacts on the hydrological cycle. However, policy and planning for natural resource management seldom consider the interrelationships between forest, water, and climate change due to lack of consensus, misrepresentations and difficult conversions of the complicated interactions to policy. We review and discuss the existing research on these interrelationships with different approaches using a range of hydrological, climatic, and land use indicators. We further suggest incorporating long‐term data for forest, water, and climate into conceptual, statistical, and stochastic models may yield better projections with fewer uncertainties rather than those focusing on linear interactions between paired components. Thus, there is a need for exploring these interactions holistically rather than in silos from the perspective of natural resource management particularly in developing nations such as India that have a pressing need to develop new and synergize existing strategies for sustainable management of forest and water under changing climatic variables.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Ca14FeAs11 – A structure comprising structural motifs of iron‐based superconductors and Ca‐As Zintl phases
Authors: Hoffmann Andrea V. , Fässler Thomas F. , Hlukhyy Viktor 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCa14FeAs11 is the first iron‐containing representative of the Ca14AlSb11 structure type and the first compound with isolated FeAs4 tetrahedra. It can be regarded as a salt‐like compound containing isolated [FeAs4]9− tetrahedra, linear [As3]7− units, isolated As3− anions and Ca2+ cations and thus is a borderline compound between binary Fe−As intermetallics and salt‐like calcium arsenides. Ca14FeAs11 is obtained by a two‐step high‐temperature reaction, in which preformed FeAs alloy is heated with Ca in the presence of additional As in a sealed silica tube. Structure determination from single crystals at 150 K reveal the Ca14AlSb11 structure type with space group I41/acd (Z=8, a=15.6268(2) Å, c=20.9781(5) Å, and V=5122.79(15) Å3). Band structure calculations predict metallic properties with strong contribution of Fe orbitals to the density of states at the Fermi level.
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Pure Tochilinite‐like Materials from Nanoparticulate FeS
Authors: Bolney Robert , Grosch Mario , Winkler Mario , van Slageren Joris , Weigand Wolfgang , Robl Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, three different tochilinite‐like materials have been obtained by sophisticated synthetic methods that allow to control the distribution of iron ions. The purity of the samples was confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction. From elemental analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy data, detailed compositions could be determined: T1) Fe0.76S*0.86 [Fe2+0.01Fe3+0.56Mg2+0.43(OH)2.01]; T2) Fe0.89S*0.85 [Fe2+0.55Fe3+0.11Al3+0.33(OH)1.84(O)0.16]; T3) Fe0.71S*0.79 [Fe2+0.25Fe3+0.73Mg2+0.01Al3+0.01(OH)1.98(O)0.02]. These compositions fit to typical compositions of tochilinite in regard of the amount of iron vacancies and the volume ratio of the hydroxide layers to the sulfide layers. Besides hydroxide ions, oxide ions are also present in the hydroxide layers as a result of surface oxidation after the synthesis due to the high reactivity of the particles. TEM and SEM investigations show that the obtained powders consist mainly of thin sheets accompanied by nanotubes with BET surface areas ranging between 20 m2/g and 40 m2/g. The thermal stability was investigated by TGA and DSC analysis and it depends significantly on the composition.
Parliamentary Europe
Authors: Duff Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDevelopment of EU democracy is hampered by the lack of proper political parties at the federal level. To rectify this, electoral reform of the European Parliament must introduce transnational lists for a portion of MEPs. Treaty rules for the election of the next Commission president should be respected by the Parliament. A formula should be agreed upon for seat apportionment in the Parliament, and the federal principle of degressive proportionality should be extended to the voting system in the Council. A limited right of initiative should be granted to MEPs, alongside internal reforms. Both the European Parliament and national parliaments should reinforce the scrutiny of their respective executives.
The Judiciary
Authors: Duff Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe European Court of Justice plays a critical role in the integration process. National constitutional courts have to come to terms with the primacy and direct effect of EU law. Current restrictions on the judicial authority of the Court should be lifted. The Charter of Fundamental Rights has potential yet to be reached. Only full respect for the rule of law will allow the European Court of Justice to evolve into a federal supreme court, with wider access for the citizen on appeal.
Powerful Interactions for Integration
Authors: Nardon Luciara , Hari Amrita 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCommunication is central to the process of sensemaking. In this chapter, we explore the interactional level of sensemaking. We argue that ongoing communications with local agents can significantly influence QIs’ decisions and actions as they navigate a new country and professional environment. We explore how QIs construct their reality through communication and discuss the important role of intercultural communication and intercultural competence in sensemaking and integration. We discuss some key players in QIs’ work integration—immigrant support organizations, mentors, coaches, and professional networks—and their key role in immigrant work integration.
Running the Race: A Swiss Voting Story
Authors: Haines Thomas , Pereira Olivier , Teague Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn the 29th of March 2019 the Swiss Federal Chancellery launched a review of the procedures surrounding e-voting after numerous flaws were discovered in the Scytl-Swiss Post system sVote. On the 5th of July 2021 an independent examination of the revised Swiss Post system began, with some cantons planning to launch new trials with this system.We summarize and reflect on our experience with the examination of the cryptographic protocol so far and muse over the future. We find that the protocol specification considerably improved over the last 3 years, both through changes in the protocol itself and through clarifications of missing elements in its specification. The clarifications also shed a new light on shortcomings of the protocol, in terms of both verifiability and privacy, including in the latest version of the system, which remains incompletely specified.We believe that these findings illustrate virtues of the examination requirements set by the Swiss Federal Chancellery: problems can be fixed before deployment rather than being exploited by malicious parties during an election. They also illustrate the tremendous challenges of creating a secure Internet voting system, and the long road ahead.
Hyper-dilaton Weyl multiplet of 4D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 conformal supergravity
Authors: Gold Gregory , Khandelwal Saurish , Kitchin William , Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli Gabriele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We define a new dilaton Weyl multiplet of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 conformal supergravity in four dimensions. This is constructed by reinterpreting the equations of motion of an on-shell hypermultiplet as constraints that render some of the fields of the standard Weyl multiplet composite. The independent bosonic components include four scalar fields and a triplet of gauge two-forms. The resulting, so-called, hyper-dilaton Weyl multiplet defines a 24 + 24 off-shell representation of the local $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal algebra. By coupling the hyper-dilaton Weyl multiplet to an off-shell vector multiplet compensator, we obtain one of the two minimal 32 + 32 off-shell multiplets of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 Poincaré supergravity constructed by Müller in 1986. On-shell, this contains the minimal $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 Poincaré supergravity multiplet together with a hypermultiplet where one of its physical scalars plays the role of a dilaton, while its three other scalars are dualised to a triplet of real gauge two-forms. Interestingly, a BF-coupling induces a scalar potential for the dilaton without a standard gauging.
Integrable supersymmetric deformations of AdS3 × S3 × T4
Authors: Hoare Ben , Seibold Fiona K. , Tseytlin Arkady A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We construct a family of type IIB string backgrounds that are deformations of AdS3× S3× T4 with a “squashed” AdS3× S3 metric supported by a combination of NSNS and RR fluxes. They have global SU(1, 1) × SU(2) symmetry, regular curvature, constant dilaton and preserve 8 supercharges. Upon compactification to 4 dimensions they reduce to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric AdS2× S2 solutions with electric and magnetic Maxwell fluxes. These type IIB supergravity solutions can be found from the undeformed AdS3× S3× T4 background by a combination of T-dualities and S-duality. In contrast to T-duality, S-duality transformations of a type IIB supergravity background do not generally preserve the classical integrability of the corresponding Green-Schwarz superstring sigma model. Nevertheless, we show that integrability is preserved in the present case. Indeed, we find that these backgrounds can be obtained, up to T-dualities, from an integrable inhomogeneous Yang-Baxter deformation (with unimodular Drinfel’d-Jimbo R-matrix) of the original AdS3× S3 supercoset model.
Alterations in tissue oxygen saturation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy in trauma patients after initial resuscitation are associated with occult shock
Authors: Campos-Serra Andrea , Mesquida Jaume , Montmany-Vioque Sandra , Rebasa-Cladera Pere , Barquero-Lopez Marta , Cidoncha-Secilla Ariadna , Llorach-Perucho Núria , Morales-Codina Marc , Puyana Juan Carlos , Navarro-Soto Salvador 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Persistent occult hypoperfusion after initial resuscitation is strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality after severe trauma. The objective of this study was to analyze regional tissue oxygenation, along with other global markers, as potential detectors of occult shock in otherwise hemodynamically stable trauma patients.

Methods
Trauma patients undergoing active resuscitation were evaluated 8 h after hospital admission with the measurement of several global and local hemodynamic/metabolic parameters. Apparently hemodynamically stable (AHD) patients, defined as having SBP ≥ 90 mmHg, HR < 100 bpm and no vasopressor support, were followed for 48 h, and finally classified according to the need for further treatment for persistent bleeding (defined as requiring additional red blood cell transfusion), initiation of vasopressors and/or bleeding control with surgery and/or angioembolization. Patients were labeled as “Occult shock” (OS) if they required any intervention or “Truly hemodynamically stable” (THD) if they did not. Regional tissue oxygenation (rSO2) was measured non-invasively by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) on the forearm. A vascular occlusion test was performed, allowing a 3-min deoxygenation period and a reoxygenation period following occlusion release. Minimal rSO2 (rSO2min), Delta-down (rSO2–rSO2min), maximal rSO2 following cuff-release (rSO2max), and Delta-up (rSO2max–rSO2min) were computed. The NIRS response to the occlusion test was also measured in a control group of healthy volunteers.

Results
Sixty-six consecutive trauma patients were included. After 8 h, 17 patients were classified as AHD, of whom five were finally considered to have OS and 12 THD. No hemodynamic, metabolic or coagulopathic differences were observed between the two groups, while NIRS-derived parameters showed statistically significant differences in Delta-down, rSO2min, and Delta-up.

Conclusions
After 8 h of care, NIRS evaluation with an occlusion test is helpful for identifying occult shock in apparently hemodynamically stable patients.

Level of evidence
IV, descriptive observational study.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number: NCT02772653.
Die Anwendung der Virtuellen Realität in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen
Authors: Tsamitros N. , Beck A. , Sebold M. , Schouler-Ocak M. , Bermpohl F. , Gutwinski S. 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Virtuelle Realität (VR) ermöglicht das Eintauchen in eine interaktive, digitale Welt mit realitätsnahen Erfahrungen, die im Rahmen therapeutischer Intervention kontrolliert und personalisiert eingesetzt werden können. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse zur VR in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen zusammengefasst.

Methode
Selektive Literaturrecherche in PubMed und über Google Scholar.

Ergebnisse
Eine zunehmende Anzahl von Publikationen beschreibt unterschiedliche Einsatzformen der VR in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen. Die Mehrheit der VR-Anwendungen basiert auf Adaptionen bereits etablierter psychotherapeutischer Methoden, insbesondere der Expositionstherapie. Die Virtuelle Expositionstherapie (VRET) in der Behandlung der spezifischen Phobie und der Agoraphobie mit Panikstörung ist laut metaanalytischen Daten gleich wirksam wie die traditionelle Expositionstherapie in vivo. VRET für die soziale Phobie ist signifikant wirksamer als Warte- oder Placebo-Kontrollgruppen, aber im Vergleich zur Expositionstherapie in vivo sind die metaanalytischen Befunde derzeit inkonsistent. VRET bei der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) ist laut Metaanalysen gleich wirksam wie eine aktive Psychotherapie. Für die VR-basierte Behandlung der psychotischen Störungen gibt es positive Befunde bezogen auf Reduktion des Stimmenhörens. Bei Patienten mit einer Abhängigkeitserkrankung kann mittels VR „craving“ induziert werden mit noch unzureichend belegter diagnostischer und therapeutischer Relevanz.

Schlussfolgerung
Die VRET kann als Erweiterung der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung der Angststörungen angeboten werden. Vielversprechende Befunde der VR-basierten Therapien der PTBS und der psychotischen Störungen implizieren den Bedarf weiterer Forschung zur Klärung ihrer Effektivität und Sicherheit. Im Bereich der Abhängigkeitserkrankungen ist die Evaluation klinisch orientierter VR-Anwendungen erforderlich.
How regularization concepts interfere with (quasi-)brittle damage: a comparison based on a unified variational framework
Authors: Langenfeld K. , Kurzeja P. , Mosler J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThree regularization concepts are assessed regarding their variational structure and interference with the predicted physics of (quasi-)brittle damage: the fracture energy concept, viscous regularization and micromorphic regularization. They are first introduced in a unified variational framework, depicting how they distinctively evolve from incremental energy minimization. The analysis of a certain time interval of a one-dimensional example is used to show how viscous and micromorphic regularization retains well-posedness within the softening regime. By way of contrast, the fracture energy concept is characterized by ill-posedness—as known from previous non-variational analyses. Numerical examples finally demonstrate the limitations and capabilities of each concept. The ill-posed local fracture energy concept leads by its design to a spatially constant fracture energy—in line with Griffith’s theory. The viscous regularization, in turn, yields a well-posed problem but artificial viscosity can add a bias to unloading and fracture thickness. Furthermore, and even more important, a viscous regularization does not predict a spatially constant fracture energy due to locally heterogeneous loading rates. The well-posed micromorphic regularization is in line with the underlying physics and does not show this undesired dependency. However, it requires the largest numerical efforts, since it is based on a coupled two-field formulation.
A novel gene, Le-Dd10, is involved in fruiting body formation of Lentinula edodes
Authors: Kishikawa Akihiro , Hamada Satoshi , Kamei Ichiro , Fujimoto Yosuke , Miyazaki Kazuhiro , Yoshida Motonobu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe cDNA library prepared from Lentinula edodes, Hokken 600 (H600), primordia was screened using cDNA expressed specifically in Dictyostelium discoideum prestalk as a probe. Twenty-one clones, Le-Dd1 ~ 21, were isolated from the L. edodes primordia cDNA library. Functional analysis of each gene was carried out by transformation into protoplast cells from L. edodes Mori 252 (M252) mycelia with the overexpression vector pLG-RasF1 of each gene because M252 protoplast cells were transformed with an 11-fold higher efficiency than H600 cells. Transformants with the overexpression vector of Le-Dd10 formed a fruiting body at almost the same time as H600, a positive control, although M252, a negative control, did not form a fruiting body under culture conditions. This suggested that Le-Dd10 is involved in the formation of fruiting bodies. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis revealed that Le-Dd10 is located on No. 4 linkage group of L. edodes. The properties of Le-Dd10 products were investigated by Western blotting analysis using polyclonal antibodies against GST:Le-Dd10 fusion proteins. As a result, 56-kDa, 27-kDa, and 14-kDa protein bands appeared in primordial and fruiting body stages, although the expected molecular weight of the Le-Dd10 product was 50 kDa.
Effect of decay rates of initial data on the sign of solutions to Cauchy problems of polyharmonic heat equations
Authors: Miyake Nobuhito 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the sign of solutions to Cauchy problems of linear and semilinear polyharmonic heat equations. Cauchy problems for higher order parabolic equations have no positivity preserving property in general, however, it is expected that solutions to these Cauchy problems are eventually globally positive if initial data decay slowly enough. We first show the existence of the threshold of the decay rate of initial datum which separates whether the corresponding solution to the Cauchy problem of the linear polyharmonic heat equation is eventually globally positive or not. Applying this result, we construct eventually globally positive solutions to the Cauchy problem of the semilinear polyharmonic heat equation under the super-Fujita condition.