bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and safety characterization of beneficial vaginal lactic acid bacteria for the design of vaginal hygiene products
Authors: Silva Jessica Alejandra , Marchesi Antonella , Aristimuño Ficosecco María Cecilia , Nader-Macías María Elena Fátima 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aim was to complement the evaluation of functional and safety properties of beneficial vaginal lactic acid bacteria to select the most adequate strains as potential probiotics for their inclusion in a vaginal probiotic formula.

Methods and Results
Twenty-four beneficial vaginal lactic acid bacteria strains previously isolated from healthy women were characterized by applying phenotypical and genetic techniques. The biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide production by the different strains showed a strong influence of the growth medium on the expression of these properties. The evaluated strains evidenced different antibiotic susceptibility patterns by phenotypic tests, while the resistance genes were not always correlated with the phenotypic profiles. None of the evaluated strains showed lecithinase, gelatinase, or β-hemolytic activity. Based on the results obtained, Lactobacillus gasseri CRL 1320 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL 1332 were selected to advance in the design of the products.

Conclusions
A wide variability in the properties expressed by beneficial vaginal lactic acid bacteria strains were shown, evidencing a strain-specific and independent behaviour of the species/metabolic group where classified. The selection criteria applied provided a valuable tool for the selection of the best vaginal lactobacilli strains for their inclusion in formulas for vaginal application.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Since probiotics are an important tool for improving human health, the designed formula are an excellent alternative to reconstitute the vaginal microbiota and prevent/treat urogenital tract infections in women. The results obtained contribute to deepen the characterization of homologous beneficial vaginal lactic acid bacteria and advance in the design of vaginal probiotic products.
Host‐marking pheromone of the South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus and cross‐recognition by the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Magalhães Diego Martins , Michereff Mirian Fernandes Furtado , Kovaleski Adalecio , Paranhos Beatriz Aguiar Giordano , Nava Dori Edson , Borges Miguel , Laumann Raúl Alberto , Blassioli‐Moraes Maria Carolina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFollowing oviposition, females of many fruit flies deposit on the fruit surface a host‐marking pheromone (HMP) that can deter oviposition by conspecifics and heterospecifics, thereby minimizing overexploitation of hosts. We describe the oviposition behaviour of two economically important fruit flies (Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata) in agar spheres marked with methanolic and aqueous faeces extracts that contain the HMP. Laboratory bioassays revealed that A. fraterculus mated female produces an HMP that can be extracted from faeces, and causes a significant reduction in fruit infestation by both conspecifics and heterospecifics (cross‐recognition). Furthermore, mated female faeces extract contains higher amounts of methyl (9E)‐hexadecenoate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl linoleate and methyl (9Z)‐octadecenoate than male faeces extract. Our results provide evidence for the potential use of this ovipositional deterrent in crop protection and pest management programmes for A. fraterculus and C. capitata.
A critical evaluation of the role of iron overload in fatty liver disease
Authors: Fernandez Monique , Lokan Julie , Leung Christopher , Grigg Andrew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with a condition known as the dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome, but the frequency and severity of iron overload in NAFLD is not well described. There is emerging evidence that mild to moderate excess hepatic iron can aggravate the risk of progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and eventually cirrhosis. Mechanisms are postulated to be via reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines, lipid oxidation, and oxidative stress. The aim of this review is to assess the evidence for true hepatic iron overload in NAFLD, to discuss the pathogenesis by which excess iron may be toxic, and to critically evaluate the studies designed to deplete iron by regular venesection. In brief, the studies are inconclusive due to heterogeneity in eligibility criteria, sample size, randomization, hepatic iron measurement, serial histological endpoints, target ferritin levels, length of venesection, and degree of confounding lifestyle intervention. We propose a trial designed to overcome the limitations of these studies.
Rapid improvement of rice eating and cooking quality through gene editing toward glutelin as target
Authors: Yang Yihao , Shen Ziyan , Li Youguang , Xu Chenda , Xia Han , Zhuang Hao , Sun Shengyuan , Guo Min , Yan Changjie 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYRice eating and cooking quality (ECQ) is a major concern of breeders and consumers, determining market competitiveness worldwide. Rice grain protein content (GPC) is negatively related to ECQ, making it possible to improve ECQ by manipulating GPC. However, GPC is genetically complex and sensitive to environmental conditions; therefore, little progress has been made in traditional breeding for ECQ. Here, we report that CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knockout of genes encoding the grain storage protein glutelin rapidly produced lines with downregulated GPC and improved ECQ. Our finding provides a new strategy for improving rice ECQ.
Plasma high‐density lipoprotein cargo is altered in Alzheimer's disease and is associated with regional brain volume
Authors: Pedrini Steve , Doecke James D. , Hone Eugene , Wang Penghao , Thota Rohith , Bush Ashley I. , Rowe Christopher C. , Dore Vincent , Villemagne Victor L. , Ames David , Rainey‐Smith Stephanie , Verdile Giuseppe , Sohrabi Hamid R. , Raida Manfred R. , Taddei Kevin , Gandy Sam , Masters Colin L. , Chatterjee Pratishtha , Martins Ralph N. ,   the AIBL Research Group
Published: July 2022

AbstractCholesterol levels have been repeatedly linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD), suggesting that high levels could be detrimental, but this effect is likely attributed to Low‐Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. On the other hand, High‐Density Lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol levels have been associated with reduced brain amyloidosis and improved cognitive function. However, recent findings have suggested that HDL‐functionality, which depends upon the HDL‐cargo proteins associated with HDL, rather than HDL levels, appears to be the key factor, suggesting a quality over quantity status. In this report, we have assessed the HDL‐cargo (Cholesterol, ApoA‐I, ApoA‐II, ApoC‐I, ApoC‐III, ApoD, ApoE, ApoH, ApoJ, CRP, and SAA) in stable healthy control (HC), healthy controls who will convert to MCI/AD (HC‐Conv) and AD patients (AD). Compared to HC we observed an increased cholesterol/ApoA‐I ratio in AD and HC‐Conv, as well as an increased ApoD/ApoA‐I ratio and a decreased ApoA‐II/ApoA‐I ratio in AD. Higher cholesterol/ApoA‐I ratio was also associated with lower cortical grey matter volume and higher ventricular volume, while higher ApoA‐II/ApoA‐I and ApoJ/ApoA‐I ratios were associated with greater cortical grey matter volume (and for ApoA‐II also with greater hippocampal volume) and smaller ventricular volume. Additionally, in a clinical status‐independent manner, the ApoE/ApoA‐I ratio was significantly lower in APOE ε4 carriers and lowest in APOE ε4 homozygous. Together, these data indicate that in AD patients the composition of HDL is altered, which may affect HDL functionality, and such changes are associated with altered regional brain volumetric data.image
Melatonin alleviates the heat stress‐induced impairment of Sertoli cells by reprogramming glucose metabolism
Authors: Deng Cheng‐Chen , Zhang Ji‐Pan , Huo Yuan‐Nan , Xue Hong‐Yan , Wang Wenxiu , Zhang Jiao‐Jiao , Wang Xian‐Zhong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSertoli cells (SCs) provide structural and nutritional support for developing germ cells. Normal glucose metabolism of SCs is necessary for spermatogenesis. Melatonin could alleviate the effects of heat stress on spermatogenesis. However, the influences of heat stress on glucose metabolism in SCs remain unclear, and the potential protective mechanisms of melatonin on SCs need more exploration. In this study, boar SCs were treated at 43°C for 30 min, and different concentrations of melatonin were added to protect SCs from heat stress‐induced impairment. These results showed that heat stress‐induced oxidative stress caused cell apoptosis, inhibited the pentose phosphate pathway, and decreased the ATP content. Furthermore, heat stress increased the expressions of glucose intake‐ and glycolytic‐related enzymes, which enhanced the glycolysis activity to compensate for the energy deficit. Melatonin relieved heat stress‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/NF‐E2‐related factor 2 signaling pathway to increase the capacity of antioxidants. In addition, melatonin enhanced heat‐shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression through melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B), thereby stabilizing hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). Activation of the HIF‐1α signaling pathway enhanced glycolysis, promoted the pentose phosphate pathway, and increased cell viability. Our results suggest that melatonin reprograms glucose metabolism in SCs through the MTNR1B–HSP90–HIF‐1α axis and provides a theoretical basis for preventing heat stress injury.
Daytime rest: Association with 24‐h rest–activity cycles, circadian timing and cognition in older adults
Authors: Reyt Mathilde , Deantoni Michele , Baillet Marion , Lesoinne Alexia , Laloux Sophie , Lambot Eric , Demeuse Justine , Calaprice Chiara , LeGoff Caroline , Collette Fabienne , Vandewalle Gilles , Maquet Pierre , Muto Vincenzo , Hammad Grégory , Schmidt Christina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGrowing epidemiological evidence points toward an association between fragmented 24‐h rest–activity cycles and cognition in the aged. Alterations in the circadian timing system might at least partially account for these observations. Here, we tested whether daytime rest (DTR) is associated with changes in concomitant 24‐h rest probability profiles, circadian timing and neurobehavioural outcomes in healthy older adults. Sixty‐three individuals (59–82 years) underwent field actigraphy monitoring, in‐lab dim light melatonin onset assessment and an extensive cognitive test battery. Actimetry recordings were used to measure DTR frequency, duration and timing and to extract 24‐h rest probability profiles. As expected, increasing DTR frequency was associated not only with higher rest probabilities during the day, but also with lower rest probabilities during the night, suggesting more fragmented night‐time rest. Higher DTR frequency was also associated with lower episodic memory performance. Moreover, later DTR timing went along with an advanced circadian phase as well as with an altered phase angle of entrainment between the rest–activity cycle and circadian phase. Our results suggest that different DTR characteristics, as reflective indices of wake fragmentation, are not only underlined by functional consequences on cognition, but also by circadian alteration in the aged.
Interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from recumbent cows using different thresholds of red blood cell count
Authors: Puerto‐Parada Maria , Arango‐Sabogal Juan Carlos , Bilodeau Marie‐Ève , Bédard Christian , Francoz David , Desrochers André , Nichols Sylvain , Fecteau Gilles 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemodilution of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could confound interpretation of results. Accurately predicting total nucleated cells count (TNCC) and total protein concentration (TPC) attributable to hemodilution is difficult.ObjectiveTo determine the effects of hemodilution on TPC and TNCC in bovine CSF.MethodsRetrospective review of CSF analysis results of downer dairy cows treated at Centre hospitalier universitaire vétérinaire between January 2006 and December 2014. Descriptive statistics were performed using 3 scenarios.ResultsAmong the 235 samples included, red blood cell (RBC) count (RBCC) ranged from 0 to 869 220 RBC/μL (median = 6.6), TPC ranged from 0.04 to 6.51 g/L (median = 0.27), and TNCC ranged from 0 to 7500 cell/μL (median = 1.1). Among the 157 samples that had <30 RBC/μL (a threshold used in other species), TPC and TNCC varied between 0.13 and 1.06 g/L (median = 0.27) and between 0 and 31.4 cell/μL (median = 0.6), respectively. Eighty‐four samples had TPC <0.25 g/L and TNCC ≤4.5 cell/μL. Among those 84 samples, RBCC varied between 0 and 1290 RBC/μL (median = 4.7). In 20 samples, TNCC was 0 with a variation in RBCC between 0 and 840 RBC/μL (median = 3.9). No strong correlations between RBCC and TNCC and TPC were found.ConclusionsA cutoff around 200 RBC/μL is proposed as clinically meaninful in bovine CSF. Results between 200 and 1290 RBC/μL are equivocal.
NARRATING THE NATION: Heterotopian Struggles forSelf‐Representationin the Cuban Diaspora
Authors: Cearns Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

abstractMiami's sizeable Cuban diaspora has long used museums and galleries to produce and preserve their sense of community, united through the loss inherent to exile. Recent influxes of migration from Cuba (and beyond) are increasingly interpreted as a threat to the cultural forms many consider an “authentic” preservation of something now lost to Castro's Revolution. Drawing upon fifteen months of ethnographic research within several of these organizations, this article argues that a recent proliferation of new museum spaces and their physical distribution across the city indicate growing anxieties and conflicts between diasporic cohorts. Drawing upon Foucault's concept ofheterotopias, the article maps these conflicts onto other measures of difference, such as ethnicity and socioeconomic class. The article concludes that hegemonic and normative public spaces are being weaponized in a diasporic struggle over Cuban identity, while newer arrivals are responding in kind through the inauguration of counter‐spaces of cultural representation.
Pathological substrate of memory impairment in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Miki Yasuo , Tanji Kunikazu , Shinnai Kana , Tanaka Makoto T. , Altay Firat , Foti Sandrine C. , Strand Catherine , Sasaki Takanori , Kon Tomoya , Shimoyama Shuji , Furukawa Tomonori , Nishijima Haruo , Yamazaki Hiromi , Asi Yasmine T. , Bettencourt Conceição , Jaunmuktane Zane , Tada Mari , Mori Fumiaki , Mizukami Hiroki , Tomiyama Masahiko , Lashuel Hilal A. , Lashley Tammaryn , Kakita Akiyoshi , Ling Helen , Lees Andrew J. , Holton Janice L. , Warner Thomas T. , Wakabayashi Koichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsSynaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease is caused by propagation of pathogenic α‐synuclein between neurons. Previously, in multiple system atrophy (MSA), pathologically characterised by ectopic deposition of abnormal α‐synuclein predominantly in oligodendrocytes, we demonstrated that the occurrence of memory impairment was associated with the number of α‐synuclein‐positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) in the hippocampus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate how abnormal α‐synuclein in the hippocampus can lead to memory impairment.MethodsWe performed pathological and biochemical analyses using a mouse model of adult‐onset MSA and human cases (MSA, N = 25; Parkinson's disease, N = 3; Alzheimer's disease, N = 2; normal controls, N = 11). In addition, the MSA model mice were examined behaviourally and physiologically.ResultsIn the MSA model, inducible human α‐synuclein was first expressed in oligodendrocytes and subsequently accumulated in the cytoplasm of excitatory hippocampal neurons (NCI‐like structures) and their presynaptic nerve terminals with the development of memory impairment. α‐Synuclein oligomers increased simultaneously in the hippocampus of the MSA model. Hippocampal dendritic spines also decreased in number, followed by suppression of long‐term potentiation. Consistent with these findings obtained in the MSA model, post‐mortem analysis of human MSA brain tissues showed that cases of MSA with memory impairment developed more NCIs in excitatory hippocampal neurons along with α‐synuclein oligomers than those without.ConclusionsOur results provide new insights into the role of α‐synuclein oligomers as a possible pathological cause of memory impairment in MSA.
Aerosol pollution alters the diurnal dynamics of sun and shade leaf photosynthesis through different mechanisms
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Wang Chengzhang , Wang Xin , Wang Bin , Wu Jin , Liu Lingli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic aerosols have been shown to perturb CO2 exchange between the vegetation and the atmosphere. However, the climate effects of aerosols through carbon cycle feedback still have significant uncertainties. Taking advantage of the periodic fluctuations of aerosol loading in Beijing, we intensively measured the diurnal course of leaf microclimates and photosynthesis under different aerosol conditions during the growing season in 2014 and 2015. We found that increasing aerosol loadings altered the diurnal course of microclimates and thus sun and shade leaf photosynthesis. Our mechanistic photosynthesis model experiments further showed that aerosol‐induced increase in sun leaf photosynthesis occurred around noon and afternoon, mainly by alleviating the depression of photosynthesis caused by high leaf temperature and leaf‐air vapour pressure deficit. Meanwhile, aerosols enhanced shade leaf photosynthesis throughout the day by mitigating the light limitation within the canopy, with the highest increase occurring around noon. Overall, our study suggested that aerosol's diffuse fertilization effect, cooling effect and the accompanying low leaf‐air vapour pressure deficit collectively drove the changes in the diurnal courses of sun and shade leaf photosynthesis. Our results provided an important benchmark for assessing how anthropogenic aerosols regulate ecosystem C balance under different meteorological conditions.
Embedded allocutivity in Basque
Authors: Haddican Bill , Etxeberria Urtzi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecent work has described allocutive marking in finite embedded contexts in Tamil and Magahi, where allocutivity interacts with indexical shift. It has been proposed that allocutive marking reflects agreement with a silent addressee‐related DP present in all finite clauses even when no indexical shift applies. A prediction of this approach is the possibility of varieties with embedded allocutive marking but no indexical shift. This article argues that some southern Basque dialects instantiate this possibility. In addition, novel evidence is presented suggesting that the syntax of allocutivity is related to the syntax of direct‐address expressions in these dialects.
Exports and imports in Turkey: A regime‐switching approach
Authors: Türkvatan Aysun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, we apply Markov regime‐switching models to various foreign trade variables with the aim of characterising the behaviour of the growth of exports and imports in Turkey. The results indicate that the forecasting performance of the proposed Markov regime‐switching models is much better than that of the random walk benchmark except for the growth of import values. However, for the growth of export volumes, the proposed Markov regime‐switching model always outperforms the random walk benchmark. Furthermore, we investigate whether the growth regimes of exports and imports can be associated with the growth regimes of world trade volumes, world trade prices and industrial production by introducing a probability score and comparing the regime probabilities. The results indicate that world trade prices are more closely related to import values than they are to export values except for low growth regime of export values. In fact, low growth regime of export values is strongly associated with low growth regime of world trade prices. On the contrary, normal growth regime of export volumes is closely related to high growth regime of world trade volumes. Moreover, world trade volumes and industrial production are more closely related to import values and import volumes than they are to export values in all regimes. Actually, low growth regimes of import values and import volumes are strongly associated with low growth regime of industrial production.
Preterm or early term birth and long-term risk of asthma into midadulthood: a national cohort and cosibling study
Authors: Crump Casey , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPreterm birth is associated with pulmonary complications early in life; however, long-term risks of asthma into adulthood are unclear.ObjectiveTo determine asthma risks from childhood into adulthood associated with gestational age at birth in a large population-based cohort.MethodsA national cohort study was conducted of all 4 079 878 singletons born in Sweden during 1973–2013, followed up for asthma identified from primary care, specialty outpatient and inpatient diagnoses in nationwide registries through 2018 (up to 46 years). Cox regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, and cosibling analyses assessed the influence of unmeasured shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors.ResultsIn 91.9 million person-years of follow-up, 607 760 (14.9%) persons were diagnosed with asthma. Preterm birth was associated with increased risk of asthma at ages <10 years (adjusted HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.70 to 1.75), 10–17 years (1.29; 1.27 to 1.32) and 18–46 years (1.19; 1.17 to 1.22). Across all ages, adjusted HRs further stratified were 3.01 (95% CI 2.88 to 3.15) for extremely preterm (22–27 weeks), 1.76 (1.72 to 1.79) for very or moderately preterm (28–33 weeks), 1.31 (1.29 to 1.32) for late preterm (34–36 weeks) and 1.13 (1.12 to 1.14) for early term (37–38 weeks), compared with full-term (39–41 weeks) birth. These findings were not explained by shared familial factors. Asthma risks were elevated after spontaneous or medically indicated preterm birth and with or without perinatal respiratory complications.ConclusionsIn this large national cohort, preterm and early term birth were associated with increased risks of asthma from childhood into midadulthood. Persons born prematurely need long-term follow-up into adulthood for timely detection and treatment of asthma.
Moments and multiplets in moiré materials
Authors: Gresista Lasse , Kiese Dominik , Trebst Simon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The observation of strongly correlated states in moiré systems has renewed the conceptual interest in magnetic systems with higher SU(4) spin symmetry, e.g., to describe Mott insulators where the local moments are coupled spin–valley degrees of freedom. Here, we discuss a numerical renormalization group scheme to explore the formation of spin–valley ordered and unconventional spin–valley liquid states at zero temperature based on a pseudo-fermion representation. Our generalization of the conventional pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group approach for $${{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {u}}}$$

s
u

(2) spins is capable of treating diagonal and off-diagonal couplings of generic spin–valley exchange Hamiltonians in the self-conjugate representation of the $${{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {u}}}$$

s
u

(4) algebra. To achieve proper numerical efficiency, we derive a number of symmetry constraints on the flow equations that significantly limit the number of ordinary differential equations to be solved. As an example system, we investigate a diagonal SU(2)$$_{\text {spin}}$$

spin

$$\otimes $$
⊗
U(1)$$_{\text {valley}}$$

valley

model on the triangular lattice which exhibits a rich phase diagram of spin and valley ordered phases.

Graphic Abstract