bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is standard total knee arthroplasty with lateral femoral overhanging a cause of anterior knee pain? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pongcharoen Boonchana , Tantarak Narong , Pholsawatchai Waroot 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Anterior knee pain (AKP) may persist after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), even if well aligned and stable, and is reported in up to 30% of patients, leading to patient dissatisfaction. The gender-specific knee prostheses have been designed to reduce femoral component overhanging in females and improve patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine AKP between gender-specific knee prosthesis and unisex knee prosthesis following minimally invasive surgery (MIS) TKA with patellar resurfacing. Methods: This study was a randomized trial comparing a gender-specific vs. unisex knee prosthesis in females with knee osteoarthritis. Follow-up occurred at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Pre- and postoperative AKP were measured at each follow-up. Intraoperative lateral overhanging of the femoral component and patellar tracking were also measured and compared between the two groups. Results: Sixty females were recruited; 30 underwent gender-specific knee prosthesis (Gp1) and 30 underwent unisex knee prosthesis (Gp2). No patients were lost to follow-up. The incidence rates of AKP and visual analog scale AKP pain scores at 2 years were 7 vs. 7% (p = 1.00) and 0.95 ± 0.31 (0–1) points vs. 1.10 ± 0.28 (0–1) points (p = 0.68) for gender and unisex prostheses, respectively. Patellar tilt and patellar shift were similar between the two groups. Patellar tilt and patellar shift were 2.56° ± 2.03 (0–8) vs. 2.67° ± 2.35 (0–9) (p = 0.46) and 1.25 ± 1.09 (0–3.2) mm vs. 1.15 ± 0.97 (0–2.9) mm (p = 0.34) for Gp1 and Gp2, respectively. Mean lateral femoral overhanging was 0.23 ± 0.63 mm (range: 1–2 mm, Gp1) vs. 1.57 ± 1.36 mm (range: 1–3 mm, Gp2) (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Both types of prostheses had similar incidence rates of AKP, VAS scores for AKP. Lateral femoral overhanging of ≤ 3 mm was not the cause of AKP.
Empfehlungen der AG Klinische Geweberegeneration zur Behandlung von Knorpelschäden am Kniegelenk
Authors: Niemeyer Philipp , Albrecht Dirk , Aurich Matthias , Becher Christoph , Behrens Peter , Bichmann Peter , Bode Gerrit , Brucker Peter , Erggelet Christoph , Ezechieli Marco , Faber Svea , Fickert Stefan , Fritz Jürgen , Hoburg Arnd , Kreuz Peter , Lützner Jörg , Madry Henning , Marlovits Stefan , Mehl Julian , Müller Peter E. , Nehrer Stefan , Niethammer Thomas , Pietschmann Matthias , Plaass Christian , Rössler Philip , Rhunau Klaus , Schewe Bernhard , Spahn Gunter , Steinwachs Matthias , Tischer Thomas , Volz Martin , Walther Markus , Zinser Wolfgang , Zellner Johannes , Angele Peter 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Arbeitsgemeinschaft „Klinische Geweberegeneration“ hat bereits in den Jahren 2004, 2013 und 2016 Empfehlungen in Bezug auf die Indikation für verschiedene knorpelregenerative Verfahren
zur Behandlung von Knorpelschäden am Kniegelenk publiziert. Auf Basis neuer wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse sollen in der vorliegenden Arbeit diese Empfehlungen auch unter Einbeziehung neuer
Behandlungsverfahren aktualisiert werden. Die Einschätzung folgt damit dem Prinzip der besten verfügbaren Evidenz und berücksichtigt über prospektiv randomisierte Studien hinaus auch Studien
mit niedrigerem Evidenzniveau. An Stellen fehlender publizierter Evidenz basiert die Entscheidung hier auf einem Konsensusprozess innerhalb der Mitglieder der AG Klinische
Geweberegeneration.Das Prinzip der bereits vorausgehend publizierten Arbeiten bleibt auch in den neuen Empfehlungen erhalten. Kleine Knorpelschäden sind nach Ansicht der Arbeitsgruppe für eine
Knochenmarkstimulation zugänglich, die matrixassoziierte autologe Chondrozytentransplantation (mACT) ist für größere Knorpelschäden die Methode der Wahl. Auf Basis neuerer Daten wird jedoch
die Indikationsgrenze für die mACT auf 2,0 cm2 reduziert. Zusätzlich zur arthroskopischen Mikrofrakturierung wird auch die matrixaugmentierte Knochenmarkstimulation in die
Empfehlung als Standardverfahren aufgenommen (empfohlene Defektgröße 1–4,5 cm2). Für die Therapie kleinerer osteochondraler Defekte wird neben der osteochondralen Transplantation
(OCT) auch die matrixaugmentierte Knochenmarkstimulation empfohlen. Bei größeren Defekten eignet sich die autologe Knorpelzelltransplantation (mACT) in Kombination mit einer Rekonstruktion
des subchondralen Knochens.
Deutschlandweite Befragung zur Vernetzung und Kooperation von
Rehabilitation und Selbsthilfe (VERS 2.0): Ein Überblick über
Meinungen, Kontakte und Kooperationen von Rehabilitationseinrichtungen in Bezug
auf Selbsthilfe
Authors: Haenel Jasmin , Wittmar Silke , Wuensche Isabel , Borgetto Bernhard 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Durch die Studie sollen Meinungen und Wissen von
Rehabilitationseinrichtungen in Deutschland über Selbsthilfe (SH)
dargestellt sowie initiale Strukturen und Kontakte in der Vernetzung von
Rehabilitation und SH aufgezeigt werden.
Methodik Es handelt sich um eine quantitative Beobachtungsstudie. Die
Daten wurden im Querschnitt durch eine Online-Befragung erhoben. Eingeschlossen
wurden Rehabilitationseinrichtungen in Deutschland. Über verschiedene
Zugangswege wurde eine Gelegenheitsstichprobe generiert. Der Fragebogen basiert
auf der Befragung zur „Kooperation und Vernetzung von
Rehabilitationseinrichtungen und
Selbsthilfegruppen/Selbsthilfeorganisationen“ (VERS) im Jahr
2002 durch die Universität Freiburg.
Ergebnisse An der Befragung nahmen 101 Rehabilitationseinrichtungen aus
allen 16 Bundesländern teil. Es zeigten sich eine positive Einstellung
zur SH sowie ein hoher Anteil an Rehabilitationseinrichtungen, die
regelmäßig auf SH hinweisen (76,2%) und Kontakte zu
Selbsthilfezusammenschlüssen/-kontaktstellen pflegen
(74,3%). Es wurden Informationsdefizite hinsichtlich des spezifischen
Erfahrungswissens von Selbsthilfezusammenschlüssen, der Arbeits- und
Organisationsform der SH sowie der Fördermöglichkeiten der SH
deutlich.
Schlussfolgerung Zur Stärkung der Vernetzung von Rehabilitation
und SH sollten Informationslücken geschlossen sowie Transparenz und
strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden. Die von den Einrichtungen
gewünschte stärkere Integration von Wissen über SH in
Bildungsstrukturen im Gesundheitswesen kann zukünftig
zielführend sein.
Visible-Light-Promoted Indole C-3 Formylation Using Eosin Y as a Photoredox Catalyst
Authors: Ni Guanghui , Zhao Yin , Li Hongfang , Yin Shan , Wu Yandan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA visible-light-mediated C-3 formylation of indole catalyzed by eosin Y has been developed using tetramethylethylenediamine as a carbon source and air as an oxidant. This protocol shows high tolerance to a large quantity of functional groups under mild conditions and provides 3-formylated indoles with good yields. This method is a highly attractive alternative to the approach of traditional formylation.
Surgical Care in Specialist Ophthalmology Departments: Structure and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Karaca Olga , Agostini Hansjürgen , Bialas Enno , Hahn Ursula , Neubauer Aljoscha S. , Rüggeberg Jörg-Andreas , Subert Janine , Ziemssen Focke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Specialist ophthalmology departments contribute to the surgical care of German patients. Outpatient and inpatient surgeries were restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic
and led to a sharp decline in the number of cases in ophthalmological care. The aim of this analysis was to improve the understanding of the logistic structures of medical facilities as well
as the effects of the pandemic.
Material and Method Based on reported process data, a sample of the specialist ophthalmological departments were examined based on operation and procedure codes (OPS) and data
submitted between 01.01.2017 and 31.05.2021 according to the benchmarking programmes of the Professional Association of German Anaesthetists (BDA), the Professional Association of German
Surgeons (BDC), and the Association for Operating Theatre Management (VOPM).
Results Eighteen ophthalmology departments from Germany were analysed. After the decline in the number of cases (by temporarily up to 48%) during the first wave of the pandemic, the
case numbers of all interventions assessed as nonurgent continued to be reduced. While intravitreal injections hardly decreased during the first wave (− 16%), significant drops in the
coverage of cataract surgery (− 79%), vitrectomies (− 35%), glaucoma surgery (− 59%), strabismus surgery (− 95%), and eyelid surgery (− 52%) were found. One exception was intravitreal
injection, which stabilised at a lower level early on during the pandemic. Overall, the number of cases during the later phases of the pandemic were significantly reduced below the level of
previous years, despite the maintenance of emergency care. The underuse was variable for different interventions.
Conclusion In addition to self-reported figures, the analysed process data demonstrates the effect that various factors had on elective as well as urgent operations within hospital
care during the pandemic. Despite partial stabilisation of some services, a relevant supply gap for outpatient and inpatient interventions was identified, with corresponding effects on the
eye health of the population, while compensation or performance enhancement have not taken place to date. Facing the growing preload and the demographic development, future structures must
therefore allow for an increase in the performance of specialist ophthalmological departments.
Preliminary Novel Analysis on Antimicrobial Properties of Concentrated Growth Factor against Bacteria-Induced Oral Diseases
Authors: Alauddin Muhammad Syafiq , Yusof Nabilah Mohd , Adnan Aini Sufinah , Said Zulfahmi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is particularly gaining acceptance and popularity in regenerative dentistry. Nonetheless, there are no available studies showing its effect against microorganisms of oral cavity particularly in chronic oral disease-induced biofilms. This in vitro research was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effects of CGF against Staphylococcus aureus sp. (S. aureus) and Streptococcus mutans sp. (S. mutans).
Materials and Methods Blood samples were obtained from a healthy volunteer. CGF was then prepared using specialized centrifugation equipment (Medifuge, Silfradent, Santa Sofia FC, Italy) and protocol. Antimicrobial activity of the CGF was observed and recorded on standard strains of S. aureus and S. mutans using a well diffusion method to determine the inhibition zone, broth microdilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and crystal violet assay for biofilm assessment, with chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% used as a positive control. Statistical analysis was then performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey Test post hoc analysis.
Results It was observed that there was a presence of clear zones of inhibition around the CGF after 24 hours of incubation. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone was 1.26 ± 0.12 nm and 1.20 ± 0.06 nm for S. aureus and S. mutans, respectively, with significance difference (p < 0.05) against the control group CHX 0.12%. The MIC values of the CGF against S. aureus and S. mutans were 47.9% and 34.17%, respectively, and the MBC values of the CGF against S. aureus and S. mutans were 100%. The viability and the ability in inhibiting the biofilm formation of S. mutans and S. aureus following treatment with CGF showed a reduction in the concentration-dependent manner as compared with the control group.
Conclusion CGF possesses antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and S. mutans.
Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors as Adjunctive Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Fallatah Walla , Brema Imad , Alobedallah Ahmed , Alkhathami Reem , Zaheer Shawana , AlMalki Eyad , Almehthel Mohammed , Alzahrani Saad , AlMalki Mussa H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Adjunctive treatment with sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT2- I) has been successfully used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in recent years to improve glycemic control and reduce body weight without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia; however, there is a scarcity of evidence for real-world experience in their use in T1DM Saudi patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin as off-label adjunctive therapy in Saudi patients with T1DM.
Methods This study was a retrospective study for T1DM patients, who were prescribed empagliflozin as an adjunctive therapy. Baseline characteristics including age, changes in HbA1c, body weight, total daily insulin dose, lipid profile, and well as side effects such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) were evaluated before and after initiation empagliflozin in 37 T1DM patients.
Results The mean age was 25.8 ± 8.0 years, mean weight was 75.3 ± 14.8 kg, mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.1 ± 6.7 kg/m2, mean duration of diabetes was 10.1 ± 6.5 years, and mean HbA1c was 9.4 ± 1.4%. After a mean follow-up duration of 15.8 ± 6.0 months, the mean reduction in the HbA1c% from baseline was 0.82% (p = 0.001) and mean weight reduction from baseline was 1.7 kg (p = 0.097). The total daily insulin dose was decreased by 2.9 units. UTIs and DKA episodes were reported among 2.7% and 10.8% of the participants, respectively.
Conclusion Empagliflozin in combination with insulin in overweight Saudi T1DM subjects resulted in a significant improvement in glycemic control, mild non-significant reduction in body weight, and a small but statistically significant reduction in the total daily insulin dose with a slight increase in the risk of DKA and UTIs. Further larger prospective studies are needed for better evaluation of the efficacy and safety of these agents in Saudi T1DM patients.
Early Extubation in Children after Cardiac Surgery. Initial Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mexico City
Authors: Figueroa-Solano Javier , Infante-Sánchez Karen , Espinosa-Guerra Kenia , Astudillo-De Haro Esteban David , Martínez-Albarenga Paola María , Lesprón-Robles Ma del Carmen , Molina-Méndez Francisco Javier , Miranda-Chávez Irma Ofelia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEarly extubation (EE) in pediatric cardiac surgery has demonstrated important benefits. However, ventilating them for 24 hours or more (delayed decannulation, DD) is an enduring practice. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical profiles of EE in our setting and analyze its impact and the factors that prolong mechanical ventilation. Children operated on for cardiac surgery from 2016 to 2017 were included. Data were obtained from an electronic database. Comparisons were performed with Pearson's chi-square test, Student's t-test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with DD. Of 649 cases, 530 were extubated on one occasion. EE was performed in 305 children (57.5%): 97 (31.8%) in the operating room and 208 (68.2%) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Reintubation (RI) occurred in 7.5% with EE and 16.9% with DD (p = 0.001). Fewer complications and ventilation time and decreased ICU and hospital length of stay resulted with EE. Age, presurgical ventilation, emergency surgery, pump time, attempts to weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, bleeding greater than usual, and CPR in surgery were associated with DD. EE in the National Institute of Cardiology (INC; Spanish acronym) is in the middle category and has shown benefits without compromising the patient; the fear of further complications, RI, or death is unfounded. Although not all children at the INC can be decannulated early, if there are no or minimal risk factors, it should be a priority.
Nasal Septal Perforation Reconstruction with Polydioxanone Plate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Levin Marc , Ziai Hedyeh , Shapiro Justin , Roskies Michael G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNasal septal perforation is an uncommon pathology that is difficult to surgically repair and may significantly impact patients' quality of life. Existing treatments have high complication and failure rates. The use of polydioxanone (PDS) plates to repair septal perforations is an innovative approach that has demonstrated superior outcomes to the conventional techniques. This study aimed to review the literature on PDS plates for nasal septal perforation reconstruction. PubMed, OVID Medline, and OVID Embase databases were searched for relevant articles in June 2021. Search terms included nasal septal perforation, polydioxanone, septal perforation, septal repair, nasal septum, and PDS plate. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adhered to for this systematic review. Database searches yielded 80 articles. Seven articles were included representing 74 patients. All studies reported the use of PDS plates in addition to other materials. They all reported closure rates of at least 80%. The majority of studies reported no postoperative complications. Nasal septal perforation reconstruction with PDS plates is a promising approach that has demonstrated positive outcomes. Further larger studies are required to evaluate the long-term efficacy of using PDS plates on patients with septal perforations.
Increasing the proportion of Leucaena leucocephala in hay-fed beef steers reduces methane yield
Authors: Stifkens A. , Matthews E. M. , McSweeney C. S. , Charmley E. 
Published: February 2022

Context Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is a leguminous shrub adapted to higher rainfall (>600 mm) in frost-free areas of Australia. It can be a source of high-quality forage for cattle grazing tropical grass-based pastures that are seasonally deficient in the nitrogen content required for adequate levels of performance. Leucaena contains bioactive compounds that may reduce methanogenesis in the rumen, helping to achieve Australia's goal to make red meat production carbon neutral by 2030. Aim A study was undertaken to evaluate the response in animal performance and methane production to increasing percentages of leucaena in a hay-based diet. Methods Growing steers were fed diets containing 0%, 18%, 36% and 48% leucaena. Intake, liveweight gain, methane production and yield were measured in a cross-over trial with two modern cultivars of leucaena (Redlands and Wondergraze). Methane was measured in open-circuit respiration chambers. Key results There were no effects of cultivar on most parameters. Increasing leucaena percentage in the diet increased dry matter intake, animal performance and methane production (g/day) but reduced methane yield (g/kg dry matter intake) according to the equation: methane yield = 19.8 − 0.09 × leucaena percentage in the diet. The inclusion of polyethylene glycol to nullify potential antimethanogenic activity of tannins restored methane yield by 67%, indicating that tannins were responsible for most of the observed reduction in methane yield. Conclusion The results demonstrate that leucaena can improve animal performance and reduce methane yield in steers fed low-quality grasses. Implications Leucaena can be included in diets of grazing cattle in areas agronomically suited to its production, as a means to reduce enteric methane emissions.
Systematic modeling-driven experiments identify distinct molecular clockworks underlying hierarchically organized pacemaker neurons
Authors: Jeong Eui Min , Kwon Miri , Cho Eunjoo , Lee Sang Hyuk , Kim Hyun , Kim Eun Young , Kim Jae Kyoung 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The hierarchically organized master and slave clock neurons are widely believed to generate circadian rhythms via an identical molecular clockwork. However, their different roles in regulating those rhythms raise the question of whether their molecular clockworks differ. Here, leveraging systematic model-driven in vivo experiments for an unbiased search for their heterogeneity, we found that the master clock neurons have higher synthesis and turnover rates of repressor and lower activator levels than the slave clock neurons. Further in silico analysis revealed that this distinguished molecular clockwork of the master clock neurons allows them to generate strong rhythms but also to flexibly adjust rhythms upon environmental perturbation. This explains how the circadian clock can have two contradictory properties, robustness and flexibility.
Rapid basal melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet from surface meltwater drainage
Authors: Young Tun Jan , Christoffersen Poul , Bougamont Marion , Tulaczyk Slawek M. , Hubbard Bryn , Mankoff Kenneth D. , Nicholls Keith W. , Stewart Craig L. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Subglacial drainage systems control ice sheet flow and the quantity of ice discharged into the ocean. However, these systems are currently poorly characterized, from a lack of direct observations. This shortcoming is problematic, as changes in drainage systems can result in a markedly differently ice sheet response. Here, we present a radar-derived record of basal melt rates with colocated borehole observations, showing unexpectedly warm subglacial conditions beneath a large outlet glacier in West Greenland. The record is unprecedented because the observed basal melt rates are several orders of magnitude higher than predictions and previous estimates. Our observations show that the effect of viscous dissipation from surface meltwater input is by far the largest heat source beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Background-suppressed tumor-targeted photoacoustic imaging using bacterial carriers
Authors: Gao Rongkang , Liu Feng , Liu Wenfeng , Zeng Silue , Chen Jingqin , Gao Ruru , Wang Liang , Fang Chihua , Song Liang , Sedgwick Adam C. , Sessler Jonathan L. , Chu Jun , Yan Fei , Liu Chengbo 
Published: February 2022

SignificancePhotoacoustic (PA) imaging can provide information about deep-seated biological tissues. Unfortunately, signal intensity and resolution can be limited by background signals arising from endogenous chromophores. Photochromism, the use of agents that go from colorless to colored, has been suggested to be a promising avenue to overcome this limitation. However, a viable method that allows practical applications of this so-called background-suppressed PA imaging is still lacking. Here, we report the engineering of a phytochrome-based reporter protein (mDrBphP-PCMm/F469W) that displays high photoswitching contrast. Its expression inEscherichia colienables point-specific imaging within the tumor region over several days and permits PA monitoring of deep-seated tumor tissues via reduction of background signals.
Point charge representations of multipoles
Authors: Majic Matt 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We generalize the notion of a dipole made of two point charges placed infinitesimally close together to multipoles of all degrees. The charge distributions are derived first by differentiating the delta function for the monopole in the same way that differentiating the potential 1/r generates the spherical multipoles

r

−
ℓ
−
1

P

ℓ

m

(

cos

θ

)

e

i
m
ϕ

. This method surprisingly generates messy distributions for spherical multipoles with m ⩾ 3. So instead we use a ‘bracelet’ of 2m charges for the planar spherical multipoles of order m = ℓ, and stack these to construct multipoles for all m, ℓ. We show that the spherical multipoles of degree ℓ can be made of ℓ + 1 charges for m = 0 and 2m(ℓ − m + 1) charges for 1 ⩽ m ⩽ ℓ. A similar construction is found for the Cartesian multipoles.