bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel deep learning approach for sickle cell anemia detection in human RBCs using an improved wrapper-based feature selection technique in microscopic blood smear images
Authors: S. Alagu , Ganesan Kavitha , K. Bhoopathy Bagan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a disorder in Red Blood Cells (RBCs) of human blood. Children under five years and pregnant women are mostly affected by SCA. Early diagnosis of this ailment can save lives. In recent years, the computer aided diagnosis of SCA is preferred to resolve this issue. A novel and effective deep learning approach for identification of sickle cell anemia is proposed in this work. Around nine hundred microscopic images of human red blood cells are obtained from the public database ‘erythrocytes IDB’. All the images are resized uniformly. About 2048 deep features are extracted from the fully connected layer of pre-trained model InceptionV3. These features are further subjected to classification using optimization-based methods. An improved wrapper-based feature selection technique is implemented using Multi- Objective Binary Grey Wolf Optimization (MO-BGWO) approach with KNN and SVM for classification. The detection of sickle cell is also performed using typical InceptionV3 model by using SoftMax layer. It is observed that the performance of the proposed system seems to be high when compared to the classification using the original InceptionV3 model. The results are validated by various evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and F1-score. The SVM classifier yields high accuracy of about 96%. The optimal subset of deep features along with SVM enhances the system performance in the proposed work. Thus, the proposed approach is appropriate for pathologists to take early clinical decisions on detection of sickle cells.
Assessing the vitality of Gombe dialect of Fulfulde: a multi-scale approach
Authors: Adamu Abdulkadir , Yola Abdulkarim Musa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLanguage vitality and endangerment theorizing and research have been focused mainly on whole languages, relegating their individual dialects to the background, on the one hand; and on using single scales in assessing vitality and endangerment, on the other. In this paper, however, we advocate a paradigm shift for more, better successes in this undertaking. Therefore, we aim to examine the degree(s) of vitality and endangerment of Gombe dialect of Fulfulde using multiple evaluative scales, both western and non-western. Prior to placing the dialect on these scales, we collected data from Fulfulde speakers of varied age ranges, all Gombe radio stations and listeners of their Fulfulde programs, using ‘insider’ participant observations, in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a proficiency test component (after which both the respondents and the researchers agreed on the proficiency levels of the former) and online surveys. Analysis of the data reveals that the vitality of this code is better viewed relatively rather than absolutely. Its subsequent placement on the evaluative scales only helps to corroborate this. Finally, while our analysis shows that dialects are just as place-able on these evaluative scales as whole languages are (notwithstanding the hitches characterizing the scales), we argue that, with sustained collective efforts, a dialect-focused evaluative framework is likely to be born in the foreseeable future.
Risk assessment process for the Iraqi petroleum sector
Authors: Abduljabbar Noor Abdulsattar , Breesam Hatem Khaleefah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Risk management is important for project success as risks in petroleum projects must be minimized to achieve the goals of production. Risk management composes of planning, identification, analysis, and response, which is an important phase. Controlling risks gains the projects the capability to overcome the uncertainty and thus effectively produce the targeted quantities. In this study, four types of risks have been examined in the oil field, and the Iraqi oil exploration company has been taken as a case study. These four types of risks are operational, financial and administrative, economic and political, and potential risks. The effect of these types has been examined by using a closed-type questionnaire form. The questionnaire form was based on the Likert quintet scale, and it contains 114 risk factors distributed in four groups representing the examined four types of risks. Over 170 questionnaire forms have been distributed in the oil field to engineers, managers, experts, and technicians, and 153 forms have been adopted for the analysis. SPSS software was used to execute the statistical analysis concerning statistical mean and relative important index. The most important factors have been found and then validated by using an assessment checklist. It was found that the most factors affecting operational risks are as follows: the presence of mines and explosives left over from past wars in areas to be explored and the incorrect storage of flammable materials. Regarding the financial and administrative risks, it was found that the existence of financial and administrative corruption in oil companies and the mismanagement by managers or their assistants have the most effect on this type of risk. For the economic and political risks, it was found that the most important factors are the entry of some companies into the blacklist of major economic countries and decreased global market demand for oil. Finally, regarding the potential risks, it was found that the control of terrorist groups over the oil areas and regions is the most significant risk that the Iraqi oil and gas sector may face. In addition, it was concluded that the spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 and other epidemics should be treated as a potential risk because it has a huge effect on global oil prices.
Hemoglobin A1C can differentiate subjects with GCK mutations among patients suspected to have MODY
Authors: Yılmaz Uzman Ceren , Erbaş İbrahim Mert , Giray Bozkaya Özlem , Paketçi Ahu , Çağlayan Ahmet Okay , Abacı Ayhan , Kulalı Melike Ataseven , Böber Ece , Kekilli Arda , Çinleti Tayfun , Erçal Murat Derya , Demir Korcan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study is to determine the clinical and molecular characteristics enabling differential diagnosis in a group of Turkish children clinically diagnosed with MODY and identify the cut-off value of HbA1c, which can distinguish patients with GCK variants from young-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Methods
The study included 49 patients from 48 unrelated families who were admitted between 2018 and 2020 with a clinical diagnosis of MODY. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients at the time of the diagnosis were obtained from hospital records. Variant analysis of ten MODY genes was performed using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel and the variants were classified according to American Collage of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) Standards and Guidelines recommendations.

Results
A total of 14 (28%) pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were detected among 49 patients. 11 variants in GCK and 3 variants in HNF1A genes were found. We identified four novel variants in GCK gene. Using ROC analysis, we found that best cut-off value of HbA1c at the time of diagnosis for predicting the subjects with a GCK variant among patients suspected to have MODY was 6.95% (sensitivity 90%, specificity 86%, AUC 0.89 [95% CI: 0.783–1]). Most of the cases without GCK variant (33/38 [86%]) had an HbA1c value above this cutoff value. We found that among participants suspected of having MODY, family history, HbA1c at the time of diagnosis, and not using insulin therapy were the most differentiating variables of patients with GCK variants.

Conclusions
Family history, HbA1c at the time of diagnosis, and not receiving insulin therapy were found to be the most distinguishing variables of patients with GCK variants among subjects suspected to have MODY.
A note on commutators of strongly singular Calderón-Zygmund operators
Authors: Zhang Pu , Zhu Xiaomeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this article, the authors consider the commutators of strongly singular Calderón-Zygmund operator with Lipschitz functions. A sufficient condition is given for the boundedness of the commutators from Lebesgue spaces

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Performativity of remixed poetry. Computational translations and Digital Humanities
Authors: Nicolau Felix 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Digital Humanities favours creativity with the help of remixing, hybridization, contamination, and computational translation. An example in point is the book published in 2021 by MARGENTO, Steve Rushton and Taner Murat: Various wanted/Se caută diversuri. Starting from Ovid’s poetic cycle Amores, the authors prove their adroitness in playing with rhythms, prosody, and augmented or compensated translations. Their enterprise is founded on the archetype of dislocation, as the three poets who helped them establish a model for writing/assembling poems, Ovid, Christopher Marlowe, and John Dryden, were ostracized figures. That is why the translations embarked upon in the volume are dislocating and creative. These approaches are tackled with the help of Eugen Coșeriu’s integral linguistics and with Sorin Ciutacu’s enlightening observations on the study of change. The latest enhancements in Digital Humanities have consecrated a second orality and a third textuality, as José Manuel Lucía Megías remarked.
Embedding systems thinking in tertiary chemistry for sustainability
Authors: Pilcher Lynne A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In response to the IUPAC call to introduce systems thinking in tertiary chemistry education, we have developed and implemented two interventions at the first-year undergraduate level: one was designed to integrate systems thinking in first-year organic chemistry using the topic of surfactants and the other in a first-semester service course to engineering students using the stoichiometry of the synthesis of aspirin. We demonstrate how the systems thinking approach in both interventions did not lose the focus of the chemistry content that needed to be covered, exposed students to the concept of systems thinking, started to develop some systems thinking skills, and made a case for the contribution that chemistry can and should make to meet the UN sustainable development goals. Through both the design and the implementation process, it has become clear that introducing systems thinking is complex and it remains a challenge to keep the complexity manageable to avoid cognitive overload. Both interventions leveraged the power of group work to help students deal with the complexity of the topics while also developing participatory competence required for sustainability. The development of systems thinking skills and a capacity to cope with complexity requires multiple opportunities. Infusing syllabus themes that relate to real chemical systems with a systems thinking perspective can provide such an opportunity without compromising chemistry teaching. We believe that skills development should continue throughout the undergraduate chemistry degree to deliver chemistry graduates who can make a difference to global sustainability.
Corrosion resistance of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy and its feasibility of near-surface reinforcements in concrete structure
Authors: Luo Daming , Li Fan , Xing Guohua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The durability of concrete structures is often reduced owing to the corrosion of reinforcement in an aggressive environment. Ordinary reinforcement methods, such as wrapping section steel or steel plate, are also vulnerable to corrosion. Using 6061-T6 aluminium alloy as near-surface reinforcement of the concrete structure is a feasible method. In this study, the corrosion resistance of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy bars was studied by simulating the coastal environment, atmospheric environment, and concrete internal environment with chloride solution, simulated acid rain solution, and saturated Ca(OH)2 solution. The corrosion rate of the 6061-T6 aluminium alloy in the above environments was tested using a weight loss method, and its corrosion resistance was evaluated using the metal corrosion resistance classification standard. Based on the electrochemical reaction mechanism, the polarisation properties and AC impedance spectra of steel and 6061-T6 aluminium alloy were compared, and the corrosion resistance mechanisms of steel and the 6061-T6 aluminium alloy in the above corrosive environments were obtained. The results show that the 6061-T6 aluminium alloy has better corrosion resistance than steel bars in chloride and atmospheric environments, with corrosion currents of 0.012 and 0.037 µA·cm−2, and 8-day corrosion rates of 0.051 and 0.031 mm·a−1, respectively. However, owing to the activity of the aluminium alloy, its corrosion resistance in an alkaline environment inside concrete is poor; the corrosion current is 0.22 µA·cm−2 and the 8-day corrosion rate is 16.166 mm·a−1. The research results can provide a reference for applying aluminium alloy bars as external prestressed concrete bars and near-surface steel bars.
Evaluation of wear and corrosion properties of FSWed aluminum alloy plates of AA2020-T4 with heat treatment under different aging periods
Authors: Yunus Mohammed , Alamro Turki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aluminum alloy AA2020 has a greater demand for the high strength-to-weight ratio used in applications like aerospace, naval, and automotive applications because heat treatment produces high strength. Friction stir welding (FSW) is widely employed in forming butt joints of AA2020-T4 using a square profile tool. In this work, the wear characteristics and the corrosion behavior with and without age-hardened treatment are studied and compared. In this work, the wear characteristics and the corrosion behavior with and without age-hardened treatment (after a 1-hour solution treatment of AA2020 alloy at 505°C, quenched in water at ambient temperature) are studied and compared. Age-hardened models with a high aging duration (16–20 h) at 177°C showed a reduction in wear resistance for low spindle speed in contrast to the as-FSWed joints. In the corrosion medium, long aging time heat-treated FSWed joints showed high passivity in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Intergranular and pitting types of corroded surfaces in as-FSWed joints were spotted. 20 h of age-hardened FSWed joints achieved the minimal corrosion rate (CR) and is suggested for moderate wear resistance and good CR. The speed appears to have a greater impact on wear rate than the weld speed and applied load. It is also worth noting that the CR increases by 5% with the increasing spindle speed and falls by 4% with the increasing weld speed.
Tunable Action Potential Repolarization Governed by Kv3.4 Channels in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Alexander Tyler D. , Muqeem Tanziyah , Zhi Lianteng , Tymanskyj Stephen R. , Covarrubias Manuel 
Published: October 2022

The Kv3.4 channel regulates action potential (AP) repolarization in nociceptors and excitatory synaptic transmission in the spinal cord. We hypothesize that this is a tunable role governed by protein kinase-C-dependent phosphorylation of the Kv3.4 cytoplasmic N-terminal inactivation domain (NTID) at four nonequivalent sites. However, there is a paucity of causation evidence linking the phosphorylation status of Kv3.4 to the properties of the AP. To establish this link, we used adeno-associated viral vectors to specifically manipulate the expression and the effective phosphorylation status of Kv3.4 in cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from mixed-sex rat embryos at embryonic day 18. These vectors encoded GFP (background control), wild-type (WT) Kv3.4, phosphonull (PN) Kv3.4 mutant (PN = S[8,9,15,21]A), phosphomimic (PM) Kv3.4 mutant (PM = S[8,9,15,21]D), and a Kv3.4 nonconducting dominant-negative (DN) pore mutant (DN = W429F). Following viral infection of the DRG neurons, we evaluated transduction efficiency and Kv3.4 expression and function via fluorescence microscopy and patch clamping. All functional Kv3.4 constructs induced current overexpression with similar voltage dependence of activation. However, whereas Kv3.4-WT and Kv3.4-PN induced fast transient currents, the Kv3.4-PM induced currents exhibiting impaired inactivation. In contrast, the Kv3.4-DN abolished the endogenous Kv3.4 current. Consequently, Kv3.4-DN and Kv3.4-PM produced APs with the longest and shortest durations, respectively, whereas Kv3.4-WT and Kv3.4-PN produced intermediate results. Moreover, the AP widths and maximum rates of AP repolarization from these groups are negatively correlated. We conclude that the expression and effective phosphorylation status of the Kv3.4 NTID confer a tunable mechanism of AP repolarization, which may provide exquisite regulation of pain signaling in DRG neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe AP is an all-or-none millisecond-long electrical impulse that encodes information in the frequency and patterns of repetitive firing. However, signaling may also depend on the plasticity and diversity of the AP waveform. For instance, the shape and duration of the AP may regulate nociceptive synaptic transmission between a primary sensory afferent to a secondary neuron in the spinal cord. Here, we used mutants of the Kv3.4 voltage-gated potassium channel to manipulate its expression and effective phosphorylation status in dorsal root ganglion neurons and directly show how the expression and malleable inactivation properties of Kv3.4 govern the AP duration and repolarization rate. These results elucidate a mechanism of neural AP plasticity that may regulate pain signaling.
Fulgentius and the allegorical interpretation of the first line of Virgil's Aeneid
Authors: Fraňo Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn his treatise The Exposition of the Content of Virgil according to Moral Philosophy, Fabius Fulgentius allegorically interpreted the contents of Virgil's epic the Aeneid. The aim of our paper is to explain the main principles of Fulgentius' allegorization by analysing the first verse of Virgil's Aeneid. In Fulgentius' view, the 12 books of the epic depicted the three main stages of a human life as they follow the “natural order”: childhood, adolescence and adulthood. In his prologue (Fulg. Cont. 87. 4–6; 87. 11–89. 3; 89. 19–90. 17), the author supports his claim by presenting an allegorical interpretation of the first line of Virgil's epic (Verg. A. 1. 1), which contains three famous words: arma (“arms”), vir (“man”) and primus (“first”). According to Fulgentius, the first term arma (“arms”) represents virtus (“manliness”) in the sense of characteristics that are available to all human individuals during childhood. The second term vir (“man”) refers to sapientia (“wisdom”), which is related to the development of the ingenium (“mind”) during adolescence. The third term primus (“first”) symbolises the adult ability ornare (“to ornament”) what we have learnt in the first phases of our life. With life experience in childhood and adolescence, a person can gradually become princeps (“a ruler”). In other words, they can be “first” within a given society and thus conclude their personal development towards perfection. As such, the contents of Virgil's Aeneid correspond to these three terms: Books 1–3 to childhood, Books 4–6 to adolescence, and Books 7–12 to adulthood.
NORAS UTVIKLING MOT «JÆVN NATURSANDHED»: Utviklingen av realistisk skuespillerkunst sett gjennom Henrik Ibsens Nora
Authors: Haaland Agnete G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Henrik Ibsen’s dramaturgy, physical score and knowledge of theatre changed the way actors work to portray a character. This historiographic article addresses the development of acting methods seen through Henrik Ibsen’s Nora and Ibsen’s revolutionary renewal of drama and female representation. From Betty Henning created the first Nora in Copenhagen in 1879 three main traditions can be traced: A Nora with roots in melodramatic acting, a Nora as a political icon and a Nora portrayed through psychological realism. The three categories mix together in a complex loom. This article will reflect on how Ibsen’s Nora required that actresses made their characters life-like and credible to the audience through what he called being continuously true to reality, "jævn natursandhed" (Ibsen 1878). By doing so he changed the very concept of acting.
From interactivity to intra-activity in performing arts for children
Authors: Hovik Lise 
Published: October 2022

This essay will give an introduction to dilemmas and experiences of making interactive theatre for children based on findings from the SceSam Project. This artistic research project bridged artistic practice and theoretical perspectives on interactive dramaturgies in the context of cultural politics, interdisciplinary, and participatory art. Further developments in our critical times of mass extinction and climate change, have turned our interest away from the focus on human interactions towards the intra-actions of more-than-human agents of performing arts for children; space, environments, nature and material entanglements. The Animalium project will serve as example of how this might look like within theatre for the very young.
Authors quote from the conference presentation: «Theatre connects deeply with how we relate to one another as human beings, both as artists and audiences, how we are able to imagine new human and non-human worlds together, and how entanglements and sympoiesis create a community of differences in the theatre space."