bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic‐associated signature and hub genes associated with immune microenvironment and prognosis in bladder cancer
Authors: Guo Yadong , Zheng Zongtai , Mao Shiyu , Yang Fuhan , Wang Ruiliang , Wang Hong , Liu Ji , Li Cheng , Wang Qinwan , Zhang Wentao , Yao Xudong , Liu Shenghua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe relationship between metabolism and immune microenvironment remains to be studied in bladder cancer (BCa). We aimed to construct a metabolic‐associated signature for prognostic prediction and investigate its relationship with the immune microenvironment in BCa. The RNA expression of metabolism associated genes was obtained from a combined data set including The Cancer Genome Atlas, GSE48075, and GSE13507 to divide BCa patients into different clusters. A metabolic‐associated signature was constructed using the differentially expressed genes between clusters in the combined data set and validated in the IMvigor210 trial and our center. The composition of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) was evaluated using the single‐sample Gene Set Variation Analysis. BCa patients in Cluster A or high‐risk level were associated with advanced clinicopathological features and poor survival outcomes. The percentage of high‐risk patients was significantly lower in patients responding to anti‐PD‐L1 treatment. Compared with low‐risk patients, the IC50 values of cisplatin and gemcitabine were significantly lower in high‐risk patients. Thiosulfate transferase (TST) and S100A16 were significantly associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Downregulation of TST promoted BCa cell invasion, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, which are inhibited by downregulation of S100A16. CD8 + T cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells had higher infiltration in the TST low‐level and the S100A16 high‐level. Furthermore, loss of function TST and S100A16 significantly affected the expression of PD‐L1 and CD47. The metabolic‐associated signature can stratify BCa patients into distinct risk levels with different immunotherapeutic susceptibility and survival outcomes. Metabolism disorder promoted the dysregulation of immune microenvironment, thus contributing to immunosuppression.
Regional Variation in Growth and Mortality of Spotted Seatrout in the Western Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Anderson Joel , Olsen Zachary , Beeken Nicolette , Weixelman Roberta , Fisher Mark 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus, a year-round estuarine resident throughout the Gulf of Mexico, is a common mid-trophic predator across its range and is one of the most popular game fish in Texas. In 1998, the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department initiated long-term collections of otoliths from Spotted Seatrout encountered in fishery-independent samples. Here, we use data from those collections (1998–2018) to generate a coastwide growth function and assess regional and temporal variation in growth and mortality. Key findings from this work include (1) sexual dimorphism in Texas that is consistent with previous studies across the species' range, with females exhibiting faster growth rates (growth rate parameter k) and having a greater asymptotic length than males based on coastwide sex-specific growth functions; (2) relatively fast growth in northern estuaries, as evidenced by estuary-specific patterns of deviation from a coastwide growth function as well as variability among k-values from regionalized growth functions; and (3) higher estimates of natural mortality and total mortality in northern estuaries based on regional variation in k and catch-curve analysis. The third finding was supported by an increase in estuary-specific mean age of Spotted Seatrout from north to south, suggesting that older fish are more common in southern estuaries. Broadly, significant regional variation in age, growth, and mortality implies a complex underlying demographic structure. Clinal variation in important life history phenotypes of Spotted Seatrout in the western Gulf is consistent with previous studies that have described clinal genetic variation for the species, implying the potential for overlapping but independent subpopulations in the western Gulf of Mexico.
On low Reynolds number optimization of non‐linear partial differential equations for convergent–divergent engulfment: A numerical result
Authors: Rehman Khalil Ur , Shatanawi Wasfi , Shatnawi Taqi A. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe flow field in a convergent–divergent engulfment along with the installation of infinite cylinders as an obstacle results in non‐linear partial differential equations and the scientific computation in this regard remains a challenging task. The present attempt is the numerical motivation in this direction to evaluate the flowing liquid stream in the convergent–divergent channel at a low Reynolds number. From the left wall, the liquid stream move with the parabolic profile and have interaction with the case‐wise installation of infinite cylinders in the left vicinity of the convergent–divergent throat. The differential system is constructed for the flow field in the channel and hybrid meshed finite element method is utilized to report the numerical solution. A comparative study is enclosed for the hydrodynamic forces faced by obstructions in the left region of the convergent–divergent throat. The drag coefficient for a triangular cylinder acting as an obstruction is higher than that of a circular hitch. In comparison to both triangular and circular hitches, the square‐shaped obstacle suffered the most drag force. Considering drag coefficient one can extend this work to obtain information for the real behavior of the vehicle toward air flow and may conclude findings toward reduction of fuel consumption.
Dietary advanced glycation products and their associations with insulin sensitivity and body weight: A 16‐week randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kahleova Hana , Znayenko‐Miller Tatiana , Uribarri Jaime , Holubkov Richard , Barnard Neal D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggests that changes in advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) may influence body weight. Previous studies have focused on cooking methods as the primary way how to reduce the dietary AGEs but little is known about the effects of a change in diet composition.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of a low‐fat plant‐based diet on dietary AGEs and test the association with body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity.MethodsParticipants who were overweight (n = 244) were randomly assigned to an intervention (low‐fat plant‐based) (n = 122) or control group (n = 122) for 16 weeks. Before and after the intervention period, body composition was measured by dual X‐ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with the predicted insulin sensitivity index (PREDIM). Three‐day diet records were analyzed using the Nutrition Data System for Research software and dietary AGEs were estimated, using a database. Repeated measure ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.ResultsDietary AGEs decreased in the intervention group by 8768 ku/day on average (95% −9611 to −7925; p < 0.001), compared with the control group (−1608; 95% CI −2709 to −506; p = 0.005; treatment effect −7161 ku/day [95% CI −8540 to −5781]; Gxt, p < 0.001). Body weight decreased by 6.4 kg in the intervention group, compared with 0.5 kg in the control group (treatment effect −5.9 kg [95% CI −6.8 to −5.0]; Gxt, p < 0.001), largely due to a reduction in fat mass, notably visceral fat. PREDIM increased in the intervention group (treatment effect +0.9 [95% CI + 0.5 to +1.2]; p < 0.001). Changes in dietary AGEs correlated with changes in body weight (r = +0.41; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = +0.38; p < 0.001), visceral fat (r = +0.23; p < 0.001), and PREDIM (r = −0.28; p < 0.001), and remained significant even after adjustment for changes in energy intake (r = +0.35; p < 0.001 for body weight; r = +0.34; p < 0.001 for fat mass; r = +0.15; p = 0.03 for visceral fat; and r = −0.24; p < 0.001 for PREDIM).ConclusionsDietary AGEs decreased on a low‐fat plant‐based diet, and this decrease was associated with changes in body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity, independent of energy intake. These findings demonstrate positive effects of qualitative dietary changes on dietary AGEs and cardiometabolic outcomes.Clinical Trial Registry NumberNCT02939638.
Evaluation of biocatalytic pathways in the synthesis of polyesters: Towards a greener production of surgical sutures
Authors: Nicolás Paula , Lassalle Verónica L. , Ferreira María L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis review presents an updated and alternative perspective on enzymatic synthesis to obtain polyesters, with a focus on the precursor materials for absorbable sutures: poly‐lactic, poly‐glycolic, and poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acids. Currently, the profitable path towards the industrial synthesis of polyesters is ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones, which is an experimentally complex process and implies a hazardous environmental impact due to the need for energy consumption, use of large volumes of toxic organic solvents and of non‐biocompatible metal‐based catalysts. On the contrary, enzymatically driven reactions may be performed under mild conditions in simple reactors. Mechanistic and experimental issues of the two major biocatalyzed strategies ‐direct condensation and ROP‐ were analyzed from a green chemistry perspective. These enzyme‐catalyzed poly‐esterifications often return low yield and/or low final molecular weight (Mw). Considering all the analyzed published data available, possible strategies to overcome these limitations were postulated: implementation of aqueous biphasic reaction systems, use of ultrasound agitation and sequential addition of reactants or co‐solvents. To promote Mw increment, post‐reaction treatments can be carried out such as thermally induced short‐chain polymerization under vacuum and incorporation of glycols as chain extenders.
Hypermethylation of RASSF1A gene in pediatric rhabdoid tumor of the kidney and clear cell sarcoma of the kidney
Authors: Ueno‐Yokohata Hitomi , Okita Hajime , Nakasato Keiko , Kiyokawa Nobutaka 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAmong pediatric renal tumors, rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (RTK) and clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) are rare and associated with an unfavorable prognosis, while congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is associated with a good prognosis. Methylation of the Ras association domain‐containing protein 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) promoter has been reported to correlate with a poor prognosis in patients with Wilms tumors, while its methylation status is unclear in other types of pediatric renal tumors.MethodDNA methylation of the RASSF1A promoter in several pediatric renal tumors was analyzed with pyrosequencing. In order to clarify the correlation between expression of RASSF1A and DNA methylation of its promoter, the RTK cell line was treated with 5‐Aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza‐dC). RASSF1A was overexpressed in the RTK cell line to evaluate its functional effects.ResultsQuantitative methylation analysis demonstrated hypermethylation in the RASSF1A promoter region in RTK and CCSK, but not CMN. The 5‐Aza‐dC treatment induced demethylation of the RASSF1A promoter as well as increased RASSF1A mRNA expression. The transduction of RASSF1A has an effect on the suppression of viability and proliferation of RTK cells.ConclusionDNA methylation‐mediated deficiency of RASSF1A might be involved in the development and aggressiveness of some pediatric renal tumors and correlated with a poor prognosis.
Transient neonatal hemolytic anemia due to the novel gamma globin gene mutation HBG2:C.290T>C, p.Leu97Pro (hemoglobin Wareham)
Authors: Gorfinkel Lev , Wachter Franziska , Luo Hong‐yuan , Hansbury Eileen , Williams David A. , Agarwal Archana , Chui David H. K. , Cantor Alan B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnstable gamma globin variants can cause transient neonatal hemolytic anemia. We have identified a novel variant in a newborn who presented with jaundice and anemia requiring phototherapy and red blood cell transfusion. The patient was found to be heterozygous for the mutation HGB2:c.290T>C, p.Leu97Pro, which we have termed hemoglobin (Hb) Wareham. This substitution is expected to generate an unstable hemoglobin with increased oxygen affinity based on the homologous mutation previously described in the beta globin gene, which is termed as Hb Debrousse. The patient fully recovered by 9 months of age as expected with the transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin.
A simple and efficient analytical model for the natural frequencies of sandwich plates made of flexible core and composite face sheets with embedded pre‐strained shape memory alloy wires
Authors: Kamarian Saeed , Song Jung‐il 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo main goals are followed in the present work. The first objective is the development of a simple analytical model based on piecewise low‐order shear deformation theory (PLSDT) for the natural frequencies of sandwich plates made of flexible core with temperature‐dependent mechanical properties and laminated composite face sheets with embedded pre‐strained shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. Brinson's model is applied in this research to estimate the recovery stress produced by SMAs. A comparative study is performed to show the ability of the proposed model to offer high solution accuracy at low computational costs. Specifically, the results of the present research exhibit less than a 2% difference from those obtained from the mixed LW/ESL models in the framework of Carrera's unified formulation (CUF). As the second goal, the influences of some parameters such as the pre‐strain of SMAs, the volume fraction of SMAs, and core thickness on the fundamental frequencies of SMA‐reinforced sandwich plates are examined. The results reveal that depending on the geometric parameters and operating temperature, SMAs may have constructive or destructive effects on the free vibration of sandwich plates.
Understanding photoenolization of O‐methyl acetophenone, and its subsequent [4 + 2] and 1,4 addition of its photoproduct from an aromaticity perspective
Authors: Halder Debabrata , Ray Anuj Kumar , Paul Ankan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhoton‐driven enolization of aromatic ketones and aldehydes with an ortho alkyl group has been suggested to proceed through triplet state surface after photoexcitation. We have investigated the photoexcitation of 2‐methoxy‐6‐methylacetophenone using time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) theory, following which we have studied excited state proton transfer on the triplet surface and have computed the aromaticity of both the ground and excited state intermediates and transition states using nucleus‐independent chemical shifts (NICSs) based on multi‐reference wavefunction. The barrier for the crucial proton transfer for photoenolization on ππ* lowest Triplet surface is predicted to be a paltry 3.7 kcal/mol, as compared to the prohibitively high barrier of 38 kcal/mol on the S0 surface at M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,P) level of theory. We show that a favorable change from anti‐aromaticity to aromaticity on the ππ* triplet surface makes proton transfer facile, whereas in the ground state reaction, reduction of aromaticity along the reaction coordinate is responsible for a higher barrier. Moreover, it was found that the product arising from photoenolization can serve as a more efficient diene than traditional dienes such as 1,3‐butadiene, 1‐methoxy‐1,3‐butadiene for Diels–Alder‐based [4 + 2] cyclization and 1,4 addition due to the significant gain in aromaticity in the transition state of the former case as compared to those of the traditional ones.
Psychological predictors of quality of life among Jordanian cancer patients' caregivers
Authors: Alnajar Malek , Mosleh Sultan , Almalik Mona , Darawad Muhammad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe caregivers who provide care for patients with cancer often experience emotional and psychological stressors and burdens that could be influenced by several factors, including the cultural context. This study examines the level of emotional distress and burden and their effect on the quality of life (QOL) of Jordanian cancer patients' caregivers.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 257 family caregivers of patients at various stages of cancer.ResultsThe average age of caregivers was 37.5 years (SD = 12.2). Most caregivers (145; 59.2%) were female and married (168; 68.6%). About a quarter were partners (32.2%) and lived with their patients (137; 55.9%). Caregivers with a reduced overall Caregiver Quality of Life Index‐Cancer (CQOLC) score were more likely to be older, the parents of the patients, and living with patients in the same house. A significant negative relationship was found between caregivers' CQOLC and Zarit Burden Interview (r = −0.7, p = 0.001), anxiety (r = −0.69, p = 0.001), and depression (r = −0.42, p = 0.03) scores. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that burden, anxiety, and depression scores were independent predictors and explained 63% of the variance in the total CQOLC score of caregivers.ConclusionCancer caregivers are at elevated risk of poor QOL. Despite participants' low perception of the burden level, this study provides preliminary results for policymakers and medical practitioners to foster a comprehensive platform supporting cancer caregivers. Moreover, identifying the caregivers' readiness to provide the needed care and the availability of supportive resources, as a clinical routine, is strongly recommended.
Variability of clinically measured lung clearance index in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Frauchiger Bettina S. , Ramsey Kathryn A. , Usemann Jakob , Kieninger Elisabeth , Casaulta Carmen , Sirtes Daniel , Yammine Sophie , Spycher Ben , Moeller Alexander , Latzin Philipp 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRATIONALEThe lung clearance index (LCI) is increasingly being used in the clinical surveillance of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, there are limited data on long‐term variability and physiologically relevant changes in LCI during routine clinical surveillance.ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term variability of LCI and propose a threshold for a physiologically relevant change.MethodsIn children aged 4–18 years with CF, LCI was measured every 3 months as part of routine clinical surveillance during 2011–2020 in two centers. The variability of LCI during periods of clinical stability was assessed using mixed‐effects models and was used to identify thresholds for physiologically relevant changes.ResultsRepeated LCI measurements of acceptable quality (N = 858) were available in 100 patients with CF; for 74 patients, 399 visits at clinical stability were available. The variability of repeated LCI measurements over time expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV%) was 7.4%. The upper limit of normal (ULN) for relative changes in LCI between visits was 19%.ConclusionWe report the variability of LCI in children and adolescents with CF during routine clinical surveillance. According to our data, a change in LCI beyond 19% may be considered physiologically relevant. These findings will help guide clinical decisions according to LCI changes.
PDBsum1: A standalone program for generating PDBsum analyses
Authors: Laskowski Roman A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPDBsum1 is a standalone set of programs to perform the same structural analyses as provided by the PDBsum web server (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum). The server has pages for every entry in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and can also process user‐uploaded PDB files, returning a password‐protected set of pages that are retained for around 3 months. The standalone version described here allows for in‐house processing and indefinite retention of the results. All data files and images are pre‐generated, rather than on‐the‐fly as in the web version, so can be easily accessed. The program runs on Linux, Windows, and mac operating systems and is freely available for academic use at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/software/PDBsum1.
Enhancing the insecticidal potential of a baculovirus by overexpressing the mammalian β‐galactosyl binding protein galectin‐1
Authors: Lin Chia‐Yang , Lin Yu‐Hsien , Lin Yu‐Chun , Hsu Chun‐Min , Wu Yueh‐Lung , Huang Rong‐Nan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDBio‐pesticide development is an important area of research in agriculture, in which viruses are an essential tool. Infection by entomological pathogenic viruses kills agricultural pests, and viral progenies are disseminated to infect more pests, eventually achieving long‐term pest control in the field. Of the current virus‐based pest control models, Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is the most studied. AcMNPV belongs to the Baculoviridae family and can infect many lepidopterans. Although AcMNPV has been previously demonstrated to be a potential pest‐control tool, its long virus infection cycle has made field applications challenging. To overcome this, we generated a recombinant baculovirus that can express mammalian galectin‐1, which is a galactoside‐binding protein that binds to the peritrophic matrix in the midgut of lepidopteran pests and induces perforation of the membrane.RESULTSHosts infected with a recombinant virus that expressed mammalian galectin‐1 exhibited reduced appetite and died sooner in both laboratory and small‐scale field studies, suggesting that the overexpression of galectin‐1 can more efficiently eliminate pest hosts. In addition to disrupting the integrity of the peritrophic matrix, the immune system of hosts infected with recombinant baculovirus carrying the galectin‐1 gene was suppressed, making hosts more vulnerable to secondary infection.CONCLUSIONGalectin‐1 has been shown to affect immune responses in mammals, including humans, but to our knowledge, the effect of galectin‐1 on insect immune systems had not been previously reported. Our results demonstrated that the pest‐control potential of baculoviruses can be improved by using a recombinant baculovirus that overexpresses mammalian galectin‐1 in hosts. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Beyond brokering for recruitment: Education agents in Armenia
Authors: Fittante Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInternational student migration (ISM) makes up an increasingly significant part of all international migration. Scholars have unpacked various aspects of this global mobility. While ISM scholarship has largely focused on a particular stream of migration—namely, student migration from the Global South to the Global North—recent studies have expanded this research to include more diverse case studies. ISM scholarship has also analysed education agents, who provide migration infrastructures and enable student mobility (or, in some cases, immobility). But the scholarship's characterisations of these agents remain somewhat limited: Studies focus largely on the oversized role agents play in student recruitment processes—that is, as those who enable initial mobility. This paper analyzes a unique case study—Indian medical students in Yerevan, Armenia—to unpack education agents' extensive, oftentimes problematic roles in structuring students' postmigration experiences.