bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innocent until proven guilty? Longstanding atrial ectopy preceding cardiac rhabdomyoma diagnosis in tuberous sclerosis complex: a case report
Authors: Howell Alison J , Vanderlaan Rachel D , Lam Christopher Z , Losenno Katie L , Putra Juan , Villemain Olivier 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiac rhabdomyoma are the most common cardiac tumour in childhood and are associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) up to 96% of infant cases. They classically manifest in the foetal and neonatal period, undergo spontaneous regression in the first years of life and are associated with arrhythmia in part due to interruption of normal conduction pathways by the tumour.

Case summary
We present a case of a 3-year-old boy with a long-standing history of atrial ectopy who was incidentally found to be in atrial flutter due to a new, rapidly growing cardiac rhabdomyoma impacting ventricular function. The boy was later confirmed with further investigation and TSC1 gene test to have TSC.

Discussion
Cardiac Rhabdomyoma does not always present in the infantile period. Any ongoing or new cardiac concern in patient with TSC, even if seemingly minor, should warrant more frequent cardiac evaluation and investigation.
CineECG provides a novel anatomical view on the normal atrial P-wave
Authors: Locati Emanuela T , Pappone Carlo , Heilbron Francesca , van Dam Peter M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
Novel CineECG computed from standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) correlated the ventricular electric activity to ventricular anatomy. CineECG was never applied to reconstruct the spatial distribution of normal atrial electric activity into an atrial anatomic model.

Methods and results
From 6409 normal ECGs from PTB-XL database, we computed a median beat with fiducial points for P-and Q-onset. To determine the temporo-spatial location of atrial activity during PQ-interval, CineECG was computed on a normal 58-year-old male atrial/torso model. CineECG was projected to three major cardiac axes: posterior-anterior, right-left, base-roof, and to the standard cardiac four-chamber, left anterior oblique, and right anterior oblique (RAO) views. In 6409 normal subjects, during P-wave, CineECG moved homogeneously from right atrial roof towards left atrial base (−54 ± 14° in four-chamber view, 95 ± 24° RAO view). During terminal PQ-interval, the CineECG direction was opposite, moving towards left atrial roof (62 ± 27° in four-chamber view, 78 ± 27° RAO view). We identified the deflection point, where the atrial CineECG changes in direction. The time from P-onset to deflection point was similar to P-wave duration.

Conclusion
CineECG provided a novel three-dimensional visualization of atrial electrical activity during the PQ-interval, relating atrial electrical activity to the atrial anatomy. CineECG location during P-wave and terminal PQ-interval were homogeneous within normal controls. CineECG and its deflection point may enable the early detection of atrial conduction disorders predisposing to atrial arrhythmias.
Emergence of Incl2 plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in avian Escherichia fergusonii
Authors: Lin Jiahui , Tang Biao , Zheng Xue , Chang Jiang , Ma Jiangang , He Yulong , Yang Hua , Wu Yuehong 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Escherichia fergusonii, an opportunistic zoonotic pathogen, has a greatly increased importance in public health with the discovery of cephalosporin- and colistin-resistant strains. The IncHI2 plasmid carrying mcr-1 has been reported in E. fergusonii, but the other types of plasmids carrying mcr-1 have never been reported. In this study, 268 samples of cecal contents or anal swabs were collected from slaughterhouses and farms in two cities in Zhejiang, China, where 54 E. fergusonii strains (18.88%) were isolated between 2020 and 2021. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of E. fergusonii in meat ducks (slaughterhouse). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of isolates was determined by the broth microdilution method, in which it was determined that the tetracycline resistance rate was the highest (83.33%) and the multidrug-resistance (MDR) rate was 75.93%. A total of four strains of colistin-resistant E. fergusonii were found and identified as mcr-1-positive by PCR. Importantly, these strains could transfer the mcr-1 gene to strain E. coli J53 by conjugation. Genome sequencing revealed that the mcr-1 genes of the above four strains were all located on the Incl2 plasmid, and the mobile element ISApl1 upstream of mcr-1 was missing. Moreover, the plasmid pEF45-4 (61 140 bp) harboring mcr-1 in strain EF20JDJ4045 was revealed by Oxford Nanopore Technology, showing high homology with the previously reported in E. coli. Taken together, the high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rate of E. fergusonii may herald a novel reservoir of AMR genes and IncI2 plasmid may be an important factor affecting mcr-1 transfer in poultry.
Physical Intimacy in Older Couples’ Everyday Lives: Its Frequency and Links With Affect and Salivary Cortisol
Authors: Kolodziejczak Karolina , Drewelies Johanna , Pauly Theresa , Ram Nilam , Hoppmann Christiane , Gerstorf Denis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Physical intimacy is important for communicating affection in romantic relationships. Theoretical and empirical work highlights linkages between physical intimacy, affect, and physiological stress among young and middle-aged adults, but not older adults. We examine physical intimacy and its associations with positive and negative affect and cortisol levels in the daily lives of older couples.

Methods
We applied actor–partner multilevel models to repeated daily-life assessments of physical intimacy (experienced and wished) and affect obtained 6 times a day over 7 consecutive days from 120 older heterosexual German couples (Mage = 71.6, SDage = 5.94). Physiological stress was indexed as total daily cortisol output, the area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg).

Results
Physical intimacy experienced and wished were reported at the vast majority of occasions, but to different degrees at different times. Within persons, in moments when participants experienced more physical intimacy, older women reported less negative affect, whereas older men reported more positive affect. Between persons, higher overall levels of physical intimacy experienced were associated with higher positive affect and less negative affect among women and with lower daily cortisol output among men. A stronger wish for intimacy was related to more negative affect among both women and men, and to higher daily cortisol output among men.

Discussion
Physical intimacy is linked with mood and stress hormones in the daily life of older couples. We consider routes for future inquiry on physical intimacy among older adults.
Regulation of fleshy fruit ripening: from transcription factors to epigenetic modifications
Authors: Li Xiuming , Wang Xuemei , Zhang Yi , Zhang Aihong , You Chun-Xiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fleshy fruits undergo a complex ripening process, developing organoleptic fruit traits that attract herbivores and maximize seed dispersal. Ripening is the terminal stage of fruit development and involves a series of physiological and biochemical changes. In fleshy fruits, ripening always involves a drastic color change triggered by the accumulation of pigments and degradation of chlorophyll, softening caused by cell wall remodeling, and flavor formation as acids and sugars accumulate alongside volatile compounds. The mechanisms underlying fruit ripening rely on the orchestration of ripening-related transcription factors, plant hormones, and epigenetic modifications. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the transcription factors that regulate ripening in conjunction with ethylene and environmental signals (light and temperature) in the model plant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and other fleshy fruits. We emphasize the critical roles of epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation and histone modification as well as RNA m6A modification, which has been studied intensively. This detailed review was compiled to provide a comprehensive description of the regulatory mechanisms of fruit ripening and guide new strategies for its effective manipulation.
Cytomegalovirus Viremia Predicts Postdischarge Mortality in Kenyan HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children
Authors: Pavlinac Patricia B , Singa Benson , Huang Meei-Li , Shrestha Lasata , Li Vanessa , Atlas Hannah E , Diakhate Mame Mareme , Brander Rebecca , Meshak Liru , Bogonko George , Tickell Kirkby D , McGrath Christine J , Machuara Irine M , Ounga Derrick O , Berkley James A , Richardson Barbra A , John-Stewart Grace , Walson Judd L , Slyker Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia is associated with mortality in severely ill immunocompetent adults and hospitalized children with HIV (CWH). We measured CMV viremia in HIV-exposed and -unexposed Kenyan children aged 1–59 months discharged from hospital and determined its relationship with postdischarge mortality.

Methods
CMV DNA levels were measured in plasma from 1024 children (97 of which were HIV exposed uninfected [HEU], and 15 CWH). Poisson and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify correlates of CMV viremia ≥ 1000 IU/mL &#x2028;and estimate associations with 6-month mortality, respectively.

Results
CMV viremia was detected in 31% of children, with levels ≥ 1000 IU/mL in 5.8%. HIV infection, age &lt; 2 years, breastfeeding, and midupper arm circumference &lt; 12.5 cm were associated with CMV viremia ≥ 1000 IU/mL. Among HEU children, CMV ≥ 1000 IU/mL (hazard ratio [HR] = 32.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9–354.0; P = .005) and each 1-log increase in CMV viral load (HR = 5.04; 95% CI, 1.7–14.6; P = .003) were associated with increased risk of mortality. CMV viremia was not significantly associated with mortality in HIV-unexposed children.

Conclusions
CMV levels at hospital postdischarge predict increased risk of 6-month mortality in Kenyan HEU children. CMV suppression may be a novel target to reduce mortality in HEU children.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT02414399.
Fake news detection platform—conceptual architecture and prototype
Authors: Kozik RafaŁ , Pawlicki Marek , Kula Sebastian , Choraś Michał 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Countering the fake news phenomenon has become one of the most important challenges for democratic societies, governments and non-profit organizations, as well as for the researchers coming from several domains. This is not a local problem and demands a holistic approach to analyzing heterogeneous data and storing the results. The research problem we face in this paper is the proposition of an innovative distributed architecture to tackle the above-mentioned problems. The architecture uses state-of-the-art technologies with a focus on efficiency, scalability and also openness, so that community-created components and digital content analyzers could be added. Moreover, we prove the usability of the prototype on Kaggle Fake News dataset. In particular, we consider different configurations of the proposed deep neural network and present the results reflecting the effectiveness, scalability and transferability of the proposed solution.
Prediagnosis Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Lung Cancer Survival: A Pooled Analysis of 11 Cohorts
Authors: Yang Jae Jeong , Yu Danxia , White Emily , Lee Dong Hoon , Blot William , Robien Kim , Sinha Rashmi , Park Yikyung , Takata Yumie , Gao Yu-Tang , Smith-Byrne Karl , Monninkhof Evelyn M , Kaaks Rudolf , Langhammer Arnulf , Borch Kristin Benjaminsen , Al-Shaar Laila , Lan Qing , Sørgjerd Elin Pettersen , Zhang Xuehong , Zhu Clair , Chirlaque María Dolores , Severi Gianluca , Overvad Kim , Sacerdote Carlotta , Aune Dagfinn , Johansson Mattias , Smith-Warner Stephanie A , Zheng Wei , Shu Xiao-Ou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the association between physical activity before cancer diagnosis and survival among lung cancer patients. In this pooled analysis of 11 prospective cohorts, we investigated associations of prediagnosis leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with all-cause and lung cancer–specific mortality among incident lung cancer patients.MethodsUsing self-reported data on regular engagement in exercise and sports activities collected at study enrollment, we assessed metabolic equivalent hours (MET-h) of prediagnosis LTPA per week. According to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, prediagnosis LTPA was classified into inactivity, less than 8.3 and at least 8.3 MET-h per week (the minimum recommended range). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) for all-cause and lung cancer–specific mortality after adjustment for major prognostic factors and lifetime smoking history.ResultsOf 20 494 incident lung cancer patients, 16 864 died, including 13 596 deaths from lung cancer (overall 5-year relative survival rate = 20.9%, 95% CI = 20.3% to 21.5%). Compared with inactivity, prediagnosis LTPA of more than 8.3 MET-h per week was associated with a lower hazard of all-cause mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88 to 0.99), but not with lung cancer–specific mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.04), among the overall population. Additive interaction was found by tumor stage (Pinteraction = .008 for all-cause mortality and .003 for lung cancer–specific mortality). When restricted to localized cancer, prediagnosis LTPA of at least 8.3 MET-h per week linked to 20% lower mortality: multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.67 to 0.97) for all-cause mortality and 0.80 (95% CI = 0.65 to 0.99) for lung cancer–specific mortality.ConclusionsRegular participation in LTPA that met or exceeded the minimum Physical Activity Guidelines was associated with reduced hazards of mortality among lung cancer patients, especially those with early stage cancer.
What Drives Trust in Chairs of Multilateral Negotiations? Rational, Relational, Reputational, and Emergent Trust: A Multidimensional Model
Authors: Walker Hayley 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTrust is the condition on which multilateral delegates permit chairs to play a more active and substantive role in mediating a positive outcome, for example, through tabling compromise proposals. What drives this trust? Whereas the development of trust between negotiating states has been subject to considerable analysis, the negotiator–chair dynamic has received remarkably little attention. This article contributes to filling this gap and in so doing brings two new theoretical strands into the literature on trust in international relations and multilateral diplomacy: organizational behavior and the “practice turn.” Data collected from a practitioner survey, twenty-one in-depth interviews, and an extended period of participatory research at multilateral negotiations are used to build upon prior theoretical insights and develop a multidimensional model of trust in chairs that distinguish, first, between trust as a rationalist risk-calculation and trust as an intersubjective relational state and, second, between a static form of trust as a preexisting exogenous resource (reputational trust) and a dynamic form of trust that emerges from the negotiation process through the competent performance of a set of chairing practices (emergent trust). Preliminary results suggest that trust is primarily driven by what chairs do during the negotiation process, as opposed to who they are.
The content of counselling received about interchangeable medicines and generic substitution—a survey of pharmacy customers
Authors: Rainio Riikka , Ahonen Riitta , Timonen Johanna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study explored from pharmacy customers’ perspective what information they receive about interchangeable medicines and generic substitution (GS) in pharmacies and from physicians, and whether there were differences in the information received concerning customer characteristics.

Methods
Questionnaire survey of pharmacy customers. Analytical methods: descriptive methods, Chi-square test and Fischer’s exact test.

Key findings
The response rate was 40.0% (n = 1043). Of respondents, 64.4% had not received information about the possibility of GS from their physician. Of respondents, 55.6% never discussed medicine prices with their physician, whereas 39.9% sometimes discussed prices. In the pharmacy, respondents reported most commonly that they were told about the possibility of substitution (79.5%), price differences (52.0%) and the option to decline the substitution (38.5%). There were differences in the issues reported in relation to customers’ education, current use of medicine, experience of GS and age. Of respondents, 89.0% considered the information received sufficient. Respondents who found the information insufficient were more frequently aged 18–34 years or had no experience of GS.

Conclusions
Pharmacy customers are well informed about interchangeable medicines and GS. Counselling in pharmacies focuses on those issues that are most relevant to the substitution. Some customer characteristics may affect the content of counselling. Price counselling should be provided equally to everyone. Neither the possibility of substitution nor prices are commonly discussed in the physician’s office, which emphasizes the importance of pharmacy-based counselling.
An estimate of the stochastic gravitational wave background from the MassiveBlackII simulation
Authors: Sykes Bailey , Middleton Hannah , Melatos Andrew , Di Matteo Tiziana , DeGraf Colin , Bhowmick Aklant 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
A population of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries is expected to generate a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the pulsar timing array (PTA) frequency range of 10−9 to $10^{-7}\, {\rm Hz}$. Detection of this signal is a current observational goal and so predictions of its characteristics are of significant interest. In this work, we use SMBH binary mergers from the MassiveBlackII simulation to estimate the characteristic strain of the stochastic background. We examine both a gravitational wave (GW) driven model of binary evolution and a model which also includes the effects of stellar scattering and a circumbinary gas disc. Results are consistent with PTA upper limits and similar to estimates in the literature. The characteristic strain at a reference frequency of $1\, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ is found to be $A_{\rm {yr}^{-1}}= 6.9 \times 10^{-16}$ and $A_{\rm {yr}^{-1}}= 6.4 \times 10^{-16}$ in the GW-driven and stellar scattering/gas disc cases, respectively. Using the latter approach, our models show that the SGWB is mildly suppressed compared to the purely GW-driven model as frequency decreases inside the PTA frequency band.
Infantile hepatic hemangiomas: looking backwards and forwards
Authors: Gong Xue , Li Yanan , Yang Kaiying , Chen Siyuan , Ji Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Infantile hepatic hemangiomas (IHHs) are common benign tumors seen in the liver of infants. IHHs are true infantile hemangiomas (IHs) and have phases of proliferation and involution parallel to those of cutaneous IHs. The definition and classification of IHH are still confusing in the literature. The mechanisms during the pathogenesis of IHH have yet to be discovered. The clinical manifestations of IHH are heterogeneous. Although most IHH lesions are asymptomatic, some lesions can lead to severe complications, such as hypothyroidism, consumptive coagulopathy, and high-output congestive cardiac failure. Consequently, some patients can possibly encounter a fatal clinical condition. The heterogeneity of the lesions and the occurrence of disease-related comorbidities can make the treatment of IHH challenging. Oral propranolol is emerging as an effective systemic approach to IHH with obvious responses in tumor remission and symptom regression. However, the precise clinical characteristics and treatment strategies for patients with severe IHH have not yet been well established. Here, we summarize the epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of IHH. Recent updates and future perspectives for IHH will also be elaborated.
Natural History of Abortive Medication Withdrawal in the Management of Pediatric Medication Overuse Headache
Authors: Pierce Emily L , Mandel Alexandra A , Strelzik Jeffrey A , Langdon Raquel L , McClintock William M , Cameron Mark W , McCracken Emily E , DiSabella Marc T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study is to document pain scores during withdrawal of abortive medication in patients diagnosed with medication overuse headache.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Children’s National Hospital’s Headache Program.

Subjects
Patients 6–18 years of age who presented to the Headache Clinic at Children’s National Hospital with presumed medication overuse headache between March 2017 and March 2019 were invited to participate.

Methods
Patients were instructed to abruptly discontinue overused medications and record their headache characteristics daily in a diary for 8 weeks.

Results
Fourteen diaries were returned and analyzed at a 4-week follow-up visit. Ninety-three percent of the patients were females, with a median age of 14.9 years (standard deviation [SD] = 2.0). The average headache intensity upon study entry was 4.7 out of 10 (SD = 2.5), and the average headache intensity upon study completion was 3.1 (SD = 2.5). Of the patients, 57% had daily headaches upon study entry, 71% had improved pain intensity from the first diary entry to the last diary entry, and 57% had complete headache resolution at an average of 7.6 days from medication discontinuation (SD = 5.1). Ibuprofen was the most overused medication (71%).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that medication overuse headache will improve in the majority of pediatric patients who abruptly stop the offending medication(s) in an average of 8 days from withdrawal. Average pain intensity was reduced by more than one point among all patients who stopped taking abortive medications. Further larger-scale studies on medication withdrawal in pediatric patients with medication overuse headache could help us better understand whether this management strategy is effective.