bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of trajectories and drag coefficients of large wood in sharp river bends from flume experiments
Authors: Innocenti Lorenzo , Branß Till , Zaid Bahaeldeen , Aberle Jochen , Solari Luca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe transport of large wood (LW) has been a focus of research in the last decades because of its importance for river ecosystems, fluvial dynamics and flood protection. Riverine processes connected with the presence of LW have largely been based on laboratory experiments carried out in straight or weakly bended channels. The dynamics of LW in sharp river bends has received less attention, so there exist many open questions regarding how LW is transported through such channel parts. For this reason, this paper presents results of unique laboratory experiments designed to study the trajectories of single wooden dowels in sharp bends. Dowel trajectories were determined for four dowel sizes, two initial dowel orientations with respect to the main channel axis and three inlet positions. Information about the 3D velocity field in the bend were obtained from a previous study that used the same channel with identical hydraulic boundary conditions. Furthermore, a force‐balance analysis was developed for interpreting the dowel trajectory and drag coefficient of LW in sharp river bends. The experimental results show that the dowel length is the main parameter controlling dowel trajectory in a sharp bend, and indicate the role of inertial effects that drive the dowel drift along the bend. The obtained drag coefficients ranged between 0.35 and 1, which is in agreement with previous values for submerged, or semi‐submerged, fixed pieces of wood in straight river reaches.
Inverse Bonding – Backbonding: Metal to Ligand σ and Ligand to Metal π Dative Interactions between Bismuth and Boron
Authors: Blahman Alex , Kozuch Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are many types of coordinating bond types, but an inverse bonding‐backbonding (IBBB) with a metal to ligand σ donation and a ligand to metal π backdonation (a “σZ‐πL” interaction) is unheard of. Herein we computationally describe one such case based on a borabenzene ligand and a bismuth pincer complex. We believe that IBBB involving d orbitals in transition metals is impossible, but a π charge transfer to a post‐transition metal empty p orbital can do the trick.
Photoaffinity Labeling Chemistries Used to Map Biomolecular Interactions
Authors: West Alexander V. , Woo Christina M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhotoaffinity labeling (PAL) is one of the few biochemical techniques that can give direct evidence of biomolecular interactions in cells. Several photoactivatable functional groups have been adapted for use in PAL since its first implementation. The diversity of these chemistries has expanded the scope and fidelity of PAL experiments, but also increased the considerations during PAL probe design. In this review, we describe the major chemistries used in PAL experiments and their relative benefits and disadvantages. We additionally discuss recent examples of PAL experiments and provide recommendations on how to design a PAL probe.
The effects of boron‐supplemented diets on adipogenesis‐related gene expressions, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidative response in high‐fat fed rats
Authors: Kucukkurt Ismail , Ince Sinan , Eryavuz Abdullah , Demirel Hasan H. , Arslan‐Acaroz Damla , Zemheri‐Navruz Fahriye , Durmus Ibrahim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe fatty liver syndrome caused by nutritional factors is a common cause of hepatic dysfunction globally. This research was designed to study the shielding effect of boron in rats fed a diet having high fat. Overall, 40 Wistar albino male rats were placed into one control and four treatment groups, that is, each having eight rats. Group I was provided with a standard rat diet while group II was only provided a high‐fat diet for 60 days. Groups III, IV, and V were provided with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day boron, respectively, by gastric gavage besides a high‐fat diet for 60 days. Malondialdehyde was increased significantly in rats' blood and tissue because of high‐fat diets. Glutathione was decreased significantly in blood and tissues because of a high‐fat diet. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased in the blood and tissues of the high‐fat‐fed rats. The genes expression for C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐1β, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor‐α were increased while gene expression for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors was decreased in the liver of rats fed with a high‐fat diet. Contrariwise, boron supplementation improves antioxidative response in terms of increased SOD and CAT activities, gene expression regulation, and improved anti‐inflammatory activities. In a nutshell, boron has dose‐dependent shielding antioxidative and tissue regenerative effects in rats.
Protective effect of resveratrol against pembrolizumab‐induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity in male rats
Authors: Türkmen Neşe B. , Yüce Hande , Şahin Yasemin , Taşlıdere Aslı Ç. , Özek Dilan A. , Ünüvar Songül , Çiftçi Osman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study investigates the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on brain and liver tissues in rats with pembrolizumab (PEMB)‐induced toxicity. Obtained for the study were 28 male Sprague‐Dawley rats (3–4 months old) which were divided into four groups: Group 1: Control. Group 2: Administered PEMB at 5 mg/kg/day i.p. for a week. Group 3: Administered RSV orally at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 30 days by gavage. Group 4: Administered PEMB and RSV at 20 and 5 mg/kg/day RSV, respectively, for 30 days. The results of this study revealed that PEMB leads to a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels and a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels in the liver and brain tissues. The decreased SOD, CAT, GPx activities, and GSH levels increased significantly following RSV treatment in Group 4. The PEMB treatment showed histopathological alterations associated with strong positive cysteinyl aspartic acid‐protease‐3 (caspase‐3) immunoreactivity, while RSV treatment reduced both the expression of caspase‐3 protein and the histopathological changes. RSV administration prevents the biochemical, immunological, and histological alterations induced by PEMB. It can be suggested that the lower caspase‐3 immunoreactivity in the PEMB + RSV group than in the PEMB group led to an inhibition of RSV on apoptosis.
Psychometric properties of the Purpose In Life‐Short Form in the Spanish population
Authors: Rubio‐Belmonte César , Mayordomo Rodríguez Teresa , García‐Alandete Joaquín 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Purpose in Life Test‐Short Form (PIL‐SF), a brief self‐report measure of the presence of meaning in life (MiL). Participants were 349 nonclinical Spanish undergraduates (225 women, 64.5%, and 124 men, 35.5%), age ranged between 18 and 26 years (M = 20.85; SD = 2.16). The PIL‐SF, the Seeking of Noetic Goals‐8 Items (SONG‐8), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) were used. Descriptive analysis, estimation of the internal consistency, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the PIL‐SF were conducted, and correlations between the PIL‐SF and the SONG‐8, the SWLS, and the OHQ were calculated. The PIL‐SF showed good internal consistency and an excellent fit as a unidimensional scale confirming its factorial structure. Regarding construct validity, correlations between the PIL‐SF and SWLS (r= 0.59) and OHQ (r = 0.56) were positive, significant (p < 0.001), while correlation between PIL‐SF and SONG‐8 was negative, significant (r = −0.23, p < 0.001). The Spanish adaptation of PIL‐SF seems to be a valid measure of MiL with good internal consistency.
Morphological relationships between vertebrate claw unguals and sheaths and the functional morphology of these structures
Authors: Thomson Tracy J. , Motani Ryosuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe link between claw morphology and function has been historically difficult to quantify, analyze, and interpret. A confounding factor is the ambiguous morphological relationship between the ungual and the sheath and whether one structure or the other is more useful for inferring function from morphology. In this study, the functional morphology of vertebrate claws is analyzed using sheath and ungual measurements taken from modern claw specimens spanning birds and mammals. Claw measurements were chosen for their potential biomechanical significance and a revised, expanded categorization of claw function is used. When corresponding claw measurements from the ungual and sheath are compared independently, some features are highly correlated whereas others are not. A principal component analysis of the claw measurements reveals that some of the morphological disparity is related to functional differences; however, different functional categories are not clearly separated based solely on morphology. A linear discriminant analysis incorporating a supervised dimensionality reduction method (J‐function) successfully classifies 94.52% of the claw specimens to their documented functional categories. When the posterior probabilities of each classification are examined, and the next highest probabilities are considered, the analysis can successfully classify 98.63% of the claw specimens. Sheath measurements perform better than ungual measurements but combining measurements from both structures perform better than considering either structure individually. Both structures contribute valuable morphological information when it comes to inferring claw function from morphology.
Impact of combination preventative interventions on hospitalization and death under the pandemic of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant in China
Authors: Lin Yi‐Fan , Wu Xinsheng , Li Yuwei , Bian Junye , Li Kuibiao , Jiang Yawen , Lu Zhen , Zhang Bing , Yang Chongguang , Sun Caijun , Sun Litao , Zou Huachun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith a large population most susceptible to Omicron and emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, China faces uncertain scenarios if reopening its border. Thus, we aimed to predict the impact of combination preventative interventions on hospitalization and death. An age‐stratified susceptible‐infectious‐quarantined‐hospitalized‐removed‐susceptible (SIQHRS) model based on the new guidelines of COVID‐19 diagnosis and treatment (the ninth edition) was constructed to simulate the transmission dynamics of Omicron within 365 days. At baseline, we assumed no interventions other than 60% booster vaccination in individuals aged ≤60 years and 80% in individuals aged >60 years, quarantine and hospitalization. Oral antiviral medications for COVID‐19 and nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and antigen self‐testing were considered in subsequent scenarios. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to reflect different levels of interventions. A total of 0.73 billion cumulative quarantines (95% CI 0.53–0.83), 33.59 million hospitalizations (22.41–39.31), and 0.62 million deaths (0.40–0.75) are expected in 365 days. The case fatality rate with pneumonia symptoms (moderate, severe and critical illness) is expected to be 1.83% (1.68–1.99%) and the infected fatality rate is 0.38‰ (0.33–0.4‰). The highest existing hospitalization and ICU occupations are 3.11 (0.30–3.85) and 20.33 (2.01–25.20) times of capacity, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that interventions can be adjusted to meet certain conditions to reduce the total number of infections and deaths. In conclusion, after sufficient respiratory and ICU beds are prepared and the relaxed NPIs are in place, the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant would not seriously impact the health system.
Viral reactivation in the lungs of patients with severe pneumonia is associated with increased mortality, a multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Huang Lingtong , Zhang Xuan , Pang Lisha , Sheng Peng , Wang Yanqiu , Yang Fan , Yu Huili , Huang Xiaohan , Zhu Yue , Zhang Ning , Cai Hongliu , Tang Lingling , Fang Xueling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractViral reactivation is widespread in patients with severe pneumonia, yet the landscape of viral reactivation in the lungs is not well‐known. This study aims to assess the landscape and clinical features of viral reactivation in the early onset of severe pneumonia in ICU patients. The clinical data from 97 patients were collected retrospectively from the intensive care units of five teaching hospitals between June 2018 and July 2021. Metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was performed at the onset of severe pneumonia. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus‐1 (HSV‐1), and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) were the most common reactivated viruses in the lower respiratory tract of patients with severe pneumonia. After adjusting for the risk of confounding and competition of age, sex, sequential organ failure assessment, acute physiology chronic health assessment II and immunosuppression status, viral reactivation resulted in an overall 2.052‐fold increase in 28‐day all‐cause mortality (95% CI: 1.004–4.194). This study showed that CMV, HSV‐1, and EBV were the most common reactivated viruses in the lungs of patients with severe pneumonia. The existence of viral reactivations was associated with an increased risk of mortality. The simultaneous reactivation of multiple viruses needs to be considered in the design of clinical trials.
Relationship between Antarctic Sea ice and the variability of March to May precipitation in Tanzania
Authors: Makula Exavery Kisesa , Zhou Botao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between the Antarctic sea ice concentration (SIC) and the precipitation variability in Tanzania during March to May (MAM) season from 1978 to 2017. It is found that the MAM SIC over the Weddell (Ross) sea is negatively correlated with the MAM precipitation, particularly over northern (southern) Tanzania, signifying that the high (low) MAM SIC over the Weddell (Ross) sea is associated with suppressed (enhanced) rainfall in Tanzania. The atmospheric circulations related to the MAM SIC anomalies were further analysed. It is revealed that the positive MAM SIC anomalies in the Weddell sea and the Ross sea are associated with the upper‐level wave train patterns propagating from the high latitudes to the low latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, which results in anomalous upper‐level cyclonic circulation over the western Indian Ocean and Tanzania. The upper‐level cyclonic circulation anomaly favours the low‐level divergence and results in the subsidence over Tanzania. Moreover, the low‐level wind outflow over Tanzania due to divergence reduces the water vapour supply to Tanzania. This background is unfavourable for the occurrence of precipitation and thus decreases the precipitation in Tanzania. The situation is reversed for the negative MAM SIC anomalies over the Weddell sea and the Ross sea, conducive to the increase of precipitation over Tanzania.
Cucumis melo seed oil: agro‐food by‐product with natural anti‐hyperlipidemic potential
Authors: Shafi Afshan , Farooq Umar , Akram Kashif , Majeed Hamid , Hakim Ayesha , Jayasinghe Madhura 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSweet melon (Cucumis melo) seed is generally considered as agro‐waste, however, the current study aimed to use this waste as a valuable oil source. The seed oil extracted by two different extraction techniques (cold press and solvent extraction) was investigated for its anti‐hyperlipidemic potential. Hyperlipidemic rabbits were fed on the diet supplemented with sweet melon seed oil for 6 weeks (42 days) and thoroughly examined for the change in their lipid profile.RESULTSThe blood lipid profile indicated a significant decrease in total cholesterol triglyceride and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) contents of blood in hyperlipidemic rabbits fed on the diet supplemented with sweet melon seed oils while high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) contents showed a noteworthy increase during the study period.CONCLUSIONCucumis melo seed oil can be used to control hyperlipidemia without restricting the intake of lipids in diet. Solvent extraction provided better results regarding extraction yield and product functionality than cold press method. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Primary radiation therapy for advanced‐stage laryngeal cancer: A laryngo‐esophageal dysfunction disease‐free survival
Authors: Mohamad Issa , Almousa Abdelatif , Taqash Ayat , Mayta Ebrahim , Abuhijla Fawzi , Ghatasheh Hamza , Ababneh Hazem , Wahbeh Lina , Abuhijlih Ramiz , Hussein Tariq , Al‐Gargaz Wisam , Hosni Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of advanced‐stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients treated with functional‐preservation strategy with a specific focus on laryngo‐esophageal dysfunction disease‐free survival (LEDDFS).Methods and materialsA retrospective review was conducted of stage III‐IVB laryngeal SCC patients who were treated with curative‐intent radiotherapy (RT) (2007–2018). Patients were preferentially managed with upfront chemoradiation (CCRT); except for those with cN2‐3, cT4, or large volume cT3 (induction chemotherapy followed by RT or CCRT is an option), and those who were unfit or declined chemotherapy (received altered RT). The primary endpoint was 3‐year LEDDFS, and secondary endpoints were 3‐year local failure (LF), regional failure (RF), distant metastasis (DM), overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and acute and late toxicities. Cox proportional hazard tests were used for multivariable analysis (MVA).ResultsA total of 213 cases were included. With a median follow‐up of 37 months, the 3‐year LEDDFS was 50%, while the 3‐year OS, DFS, LF, RF, and DM were 81%, 74%, 9%, 5%, and 7%, respectively. On MVA, cT4‐category was the only predictor of inferior LEDDFS (HR: 0.47, [95% CI: 0.29–0.74], p < .01). The most common grade ≥ 3 acute and late radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) toxicity were esophageal toxicity: 16.7% and 29.6%, respectively.ConclusionsPrimary RT resulted in favorable oncologic and functional outcomes in only half of the advanced‐stage laryngeal cancer patients. Future clinical trials are required to investigate further treatment options aiming to improve the oncologic and maintain functional outcomes with utilization of LEDDFS as the primary endpoint.Level of evidence4.
Optimization of frying process for maintaining nutritional quality to satisfy consumers' sensory attributes: A novel application of multi‐criteria decision‐making approach
Authors: Sadhu Tithli , Lahiri Sandip Kumar , Roy Jagannath , Bhattacharjee Ashish , Chakrabarty Jitamanyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of the study was to assess the optimum frying condition of fish considering the multiple perspectives (retention of nutritional quality indices [NQI], reduction of preparation time, and improvement of health benefit) to satisfy consumer‐preferred sensory attributes by controlling the most impactful process variables (temperature, time, and oil amount). The multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) approach is appropriate to handle the numerous conflicting criteria and numerous multiple objectives. First, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to build a non‐linear correlation between the cooking process parameters and NQI by an automatic exhaustive search of all available algorithms and activation functions. All the NQI are conflicting in nature. Therefore, the ANN‐based multi‐objective genetic algorithm was implemented to obtain the Pareto optimal solutions to improve all NQI simultaneously. Five optimised conditions were selected amongst the Pareto optimal solutions, satisfying the above‐mentioned multiple criteria. Finally, a well‐known MCDM approach, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), was applied for sensory analysis to evaluate the overall acceptance of the optimised conditions based on the relative importance of consumers' general sensory modalities (flavour, colour & appearance, and taste). Furthermore, the following condition (140.01°C, 7.62 min, 47.87 ml oil/kg of fish) was selected as the most accepted in terms of all quality attributes that may be implemented as the standard condition in domestic and industrial purposes.
Physiological and Behavioral Effects of Angling Stress on Kelp Bass, an Important Game Fish in Southern California
Authors: McGarigal Caitlin R. , Lowe Christopher G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Game fish populations in North America face increasing pressure from recreational anglers, yet sublethal effects from mandatory catch-and-release regulations remain unknown for many targeted species. In southern California, Kelp Bass Paralabrax clathratus populations have significantly declined in recent decades, prompting changes in management and increasing release rates. To assess acute effects of current fishing regulations, we collaborated with recreational anglers to evaluate short-term, sublethal impacts of capture stress on Kelp Bass physiology and behavior. To evaluate the timeline and magnitude of physiological stress, blood samples were collected at time points (10–120 min) after angling and confinement and compared to control fish sampled in less than 3 min. Postrelease recovery was determined by comparing biomarker levels between control fish and recaptured fish that were rapidly sampled after a time at liberty ranging from 3 h to 186 d. Biomarker levels in fish recaptured multiple times were compared to previous samples to evaluate repetitive angling effects on physiological responses. Circulating cortisol, glucose, and lactate were elevated and steadily increased in the hour after capture, although angling duration and handling duration were not correlated with biomarker response. Fish size significantly affected fish stress, with larger fish experiencing less stress and rapid recovery within 24 h. Behavioral control fish, which ingested acoustic accelerometers hidden inside bait, exhibited strong diel activity that was reduced for 30 h in angled fish. Tracked individuals exhibited high individual variation in rate of movement and area use, with no noticeable postrelease impacts. Although this study found Kelp Bass to be resilient to angling stresses, evaluation of long-term effects from catch and release is warranted. This fishery may also benefit from slot limit regulations, improved angler engagement programs, and education on best practices that minimize fish stress during catch and release.