bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the relationship between IT capabilities and operational agility: a multi-method approach
Authors: Mao Hongyi , Gong Yeming , Titah Ryad 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe system of information technology (IT)-oriented resources and processes that organizations need to develop to achieve operational agility remains unclear. The study research seeks to extend existing competency literature by incorporating the unique contextual nuances of the relationship between IT capabilities and operational agility.Design/methodology/approachUsing a multi-method approach, this paper presents a theoretical framework of IT-enabled operations strategy that conceptualizes the role of IT capability in leveraging resources and processes for operational agility. Drawing on operations and information systems research, the authors advance that IT enables operational agility through two dimensions. From the perspective of a resource-based operations strategy, the authors explore the role of IT in resource-leveraging activities by investigating the nonlinear relationship between IT infrastructure and IT reconfiguration. From the perspective of a process-oriented operations strategy, the authors explore the role of IT in process-enhancing activities by investigating the nonlinear relationship between IT coordination and IT integration.FindingsThe study results, based on a sample of 113 organizations in Europe, Asia and North America, show that the interaction between IT infrastructure and IT reconfiguration positively influences operational agility, hence showing complementarity between the two constructs, while the interaction between IT coordination and IT integration negatively affects operational agility, hence indicating substitutability between the two constructs. A series of 62 interviews and a case study of Carrefour were further conducted to validate the field survey's results and to provide a finer grained explanation of the research model and quantitative findings.Originality/valueThe study findings offer an alternative explanation of the inconsistent relationship between IT capability and operational agility.
Evidence for divergence in phenology over morphology in response to limiting similarity in montane communities of Rhododendron
Authors: Li Qin , Wang Ji , Fuller Ryan , Xing Yaowu , Liu Jianquan , Ree Richard H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The coexistence of closely related species is key to understanding the nature of biodiversity hotspots where in situ diversification has yielded rich communities of close relatives. Limiting similarity predicts that co‐occurring species are differentiated in their niches; identifying the axes of differentiation in sympatric close relatives can thus help reveal the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of community assembly. For flowering plants, these axes may be temporal (related to reproductive phenology) or morphological (related to functional traits).

We collected fine‐scale data on abundance, morphology and phenology over a flowering season for 34 species of Rhododendron (Ericaceae) spanning a 2700 m elevation gradient in a nature reserve in the eastern Hengduan Mountains, China. We used null models to test for patterns of clustering versus overdispersion in species' abundances, phylogenetic relatedness and functional traits across sites, and applied joint distribution models to examine the correlates of pairwise associations.

We found that species tended to be spatially aggregated, indicating that communities are not strongly structured by competitive exclusion. At higher elevation sites, species tended to be vegetatively more similar (clustered) and closely related. Environmental variables, including climate and topography, were strong predictors of species' ranges. No evidence of niche differentiation was detected along spatial or morphological (functional) axes, but along the temporal axis, the phenology of co‐occurring species showed significant divergence, and was less phylogenetically conserved compared to morphological traits.

Synthesis. Local communities of Rhododendron in its centre of diversity are structured by environmental filtering and the effects of limiting similarity. Evidence for the latter is apparent in the pervasive phenological divergence of co‐occurring species, likely driven by reproductive interference from shared pollinators. The evolutionary lability of flowering time appears to render it the quickest path to coexistence for recently diverged species that experience secondary contact in this biodiversity hotspot.
Increased recovery in coarse‐root secondary growth improves resilience to drought in transition forests
Authors: Acuña‐Míguez Belén , Olano Jose Miguel , Valladares Fernando , García‐Hidalgo Miguel , Bravo‐Oviedo Andrés 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Interaction of global change drivers affects forest resilience. Land‐use changes (land abandonment) and climate change (a higher frequency and intensity of droughts) are interacting in the Mediterranean Region. Components of resilience in secondary stem growth have been widely studied but, despite the importance of root systems in forest functionality and resilience, non‐previous studies have assessed them in coarse roots.

In this study, we use Juniperus thurifera tree‐ring chronologies in coarse roots and stems to assess biomass allometry and tree resilience to drought events comparing two stages of a forest expansion gradient (mature forests and transition zone) in Alto Tajo Natural Park. We extracted cores of stems and coarse roots in 48 trees distributed in different developmental stages and calculated cross‐sectional area increments, root‐stem allometric relationship and resilience components for both organs in each individual for two drought events (2005 and 2012).

Stem and root growth as well as its allometric exponent were higher in the transition zone than in mature forests. Both organs exhibited a trade‐off between resistance and recovery in mature forests but maintenance of higher values in the transition zone. Resilience did not show differences between organs being higher in the transition zone than in mature forests. However, relative resilience in roots in the transition zone was higher than in mature forests, without differences in stems between stages. Finally, the 2012 drought event showed a higher impact on the components of resilience than the 2005 drought event.

Synthesis. This study extends the knowledge of root response to drought events and highlights the potential of land‐use legacies to reduce the negative impact of climate change by promoting increased root recovery after drought events in trees established in past agricultural lands.
Poleward increase in feeding efficiency of leafminer Stigmella lapponica (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) in a latitudinal gradient crossing a boreal forest zone
Authors: Kozlov Mikhail V. , Zverev Vitali , Sandner Tobias M. , van Nieukerken Erik J. , Zvereva Elena L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDamage to plant communities imposed by insect herbivores generally decreases from low to high latitudes. This decrease is routinely attributed to declines in herbivore abundance and/or diversity, whereas latitudinal changes in per capita food consumption remain virtually unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the lifetime food consumption by a herbivore individual decreases from low to high latitudes due to a temperature‐driven decrease in metabolic expenses. From 2016 to 2019, we explored latitudinal changes in multiple characteristics of linear (gallery) mines made by larvae of the pygmy moth, Stigmella lapponica, in leaves of downy birch, Betula pubescens. The mined leaves were larger than intact leaves at the southern end of our latitudinal gradient (at 60°N) but smaller than intact leaves at its northern end (at 69°N), suggesting that female oviposition preference changes with latitude. No latitudinal changes were observed in larval size, mine length or area, and in per capita food consumption, but the larval feeding efficiency (quantified as the ratio between larval size and mine size) increased with latitude. Consequently, S. lapponica larvae consumed less foliar biomass at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes to reach the same size. Based on space‐for‐time substitution, we suggest that climate warming will increase metabolic expenses of insect herbivores with uncertain consequences for plant–herbivore interactions.
Lung ultrasound in neonates – An underused tool
Authors: Thakur Anup , Fursule Anurag 
Published: October 2022

SummaryPoint of care lung ultrasound (USG) can help in the diagnosis and management of critically sick neonates. It is based on seven simple principles that are comprehensive enough to diagnose all major lung pathologies. A compact small machine and a micro‐convex or linear probe are the basic requirements to perform lung USG. In contrast to traditional USG principles, USG of the lung is based on artefacts. Some of the terminologies that are used to characterize normal lung include the pleural line, A‐line, bat sign, lung sliding and seashore sign. Air/fluid mixture in varying ratios helps in diagnosis of normal lung, pneumothorax, interstitial syndrome (transient tachypnoea of newborn, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia), lung consolidation and pleural effusion.
Application of several machine learning algorithms for the prediction of afatinib treatment outcome in advanced‐stage EGFR‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Kim Taeyun , Lee Sang Jin , Jang Tae‐Won 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to evaluate the performance of several machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting 1‐year afatinib continuation and 2‐year survival after afatinib initiation and to identify the differences in survival outcomes between ML‐classified strata.MethodsData that were also used in the RESET study were retrospectively collected from 16 hospitals in South Korea. A stratified random sampling method was applied to split the data into training and test sets (70:30 split ratio). Clinical information, such as age, sex, tumor stage, smoking, performance status, metastasis, type of metastasis, dose adjustment, and pathologic information on EGFR mutations were inputted. Training was performed using eight ML algorithms: logistic regression, decision tree, deep neural network, random forest, support vector machine, boosting, bagging, and the naïve Bayes classifier. The model performance was assessed based on sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated and compared between the ML models using DeLong's test. A Kaplan–Meier (KM) curve was used to visualize the identified strata obtained from the ML models.ResultsNo significant differences in the input variables were observed between the training and test datasets. The best‐performing models were support vector machine in predicting 1‐year afatinib continuation (AUC 0.626) and decision tree in 2‐year survival after afatinib start (AUC 0.644), although the performances of the ML models were comparable and did not display any predictive roles. KM analysis and log‐rank test revealed significant differences between the strata identified from the ML model (p < 0.001) in terms of both time‐on‐treatment (TOT) and overall survival (OS).ConclusionThe performances of ML models in our study found no discernible roles in predicting afatinib‐related outcomes, although the identified strata revealed different TOT and OS in the KM analysis. This implies the strength of ML in predicting the survival outcome, as well as the limitation of electronic medical record‐based variables in ML algorithms. Careful consideration of variable inclusion is likely to improve the general model performance.
Why agricultural insurance may slow down agricultural development
Authors: Bulte Erwin , Lensink Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHow does agricultural insurance affect the modernization of farming in low income countries? We focus on institutional contexts without formal contract enforcement, where smallholders cannot access modern inputs via markets. Instead, farmers can engage in relational contracting with traders to sell their crop and gain access to inputs (as an advance in‐kind payment). Although conventional theory assumes that insurance “crowds in” modern inputs by attenuating investment risk, we demonstrate that insurance reduces the number of farmers receiving modern inputs from traders. Insurance also reduces the quantity of inputs that traders provide to farmers who remain in a relationship. Insurance may impede the uptake of modern inputs when institutions are imperfect.
PDCL2 is essential for sperm acrosome formation and male fertility in mice
Authors: Fujihara Yoshitaka , Kobayashi Kiyonori , Abbasi Ferheen , Endo Tsutomu , Yu Zhifeng , Ikawa Masahito , Matzuk Martin M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEach year, infertility affects 15% of couples worldwide, with 50% of cases attributed to men. Globozoospermia is an uncommon cause of male factor infertility, characterized by defects in sperm acrosome formation, leading to round‐headed spermatozoa.ObjectiveWe generated Pdcl2 knockout mice to investigate the essential roles of PDCL2 in mammalian reproduction.Materials and methodsWe used reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction to demonstrate that PDCL2 was expressed exclusively in the male reproductive tract in mice and humans. We created Pdcl2 knockout mice using the CRISPR‐Cas9 system and analyzed their fertility. Pdcl2 null spermatozoa underwent further evaluation using computer‐assisted sperm analysis, light microscopy, and ultrastructural microscopy. We used immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence to elucidate relationships between PDCL2 and other acrosomal proteins.ResultsThe PDC family is highly conserved in eukaryotes. Mouse and human PDCL2 are testis enriched and localized to the testicular endoplasmic reticulum. Loss of the protein causes sterility because of abnormal acrosome biogenesis during spermiogenesis and immotility. Furthermore, Pdcl2 null spermatozoa have rounded heads, similar to globozoospermia in humans. Observation of the knockout testis shows a lack of acrosomal cap formation, aberrant localization of mitochondria in the sperm head, and misshapen nuclei.ConclusionPDCL2 is essential for sperm acrosome development and male fertility in mice and is a putative contraceptive target in men.
Internet‐based interventions for parents with children 0–5 years: A scoping review
Authors: Størksen Hege Therese , Haga Silje Marie , Hammerstrøm Karianne Thune , Jacobsen Heidi , Drozd Filip 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study aims to review the existing literature on Internet‐based health interventions directed to support parents of children aged 0–5 years.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases between January 2000 and 2018. The search consisted of terms describing eHealth, intervention and families and/or children.ResultsInternet‐based parent support interventions were most often directed at rehabilitation and selective prevention, and we identified more studies on mental health (57%) than somatic health (41%). Developmental disorders were the most frequently studied mental health condition (n = 33), while interventions for obesity (15%) were the most studied somatic health condition. Forty‐four percent of mental health studies were RCTs and 65% of interventions were theory driven. Interventions most often used a behavioural approach, included guidance and delivered content via text‐based information.ConclusionSeveral significant gaps were identified such as the need for more research outside of English‐speaking countries, more systematic reviews and effect studies. This review also elucidates the need for researchers to improve reporting on the theoretical approaches employed in interventions, and to focus on determining the importance of guidance. Finally, program developers should consider using more audio‐visual technology to avoid reinforcing social inequalities in access to healthcare.
Silver craft and Buddhist temple in the shaping of neighbourhood communities in Wua‐Lai, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Pumketkao‐Lecourt Pijika , Teeraparbwong Komson , Tansukanun Pranom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper explores neighbourhood‐based projects such as “local project” (Magnaghi, 2005), the strategic scenarios that set out a process of mobilisation and promotion of local resources, planned and run by local people. It focuses on two residential communities in Wua‐Lai neighbourhood, namely Chumchon Wat Muen‐Sarn and Chumchon Wat Sri‐Suphan. The analysis deals with three local projects: Wua‐Lai Walking Street and Saturday Market, Lanna Arts Study Centre and community museums. It seeks to understand how the residents use silver handicraft, Buddhist temple and local marketplaces for shaping their projects and for connecting the neighbourhood to the city. This study allows us to identify the key elements in place on which the local projects are premised and how these elements reproduce sense of belonging and sociability that create the potential for collective action. It intends to highlight on the neighbourhood capacities, and its limits, to carry out local initiatives and to challenge more economic forces.
Optimal value for the exponential term of Wilmink's function according to current Holstein lactation curves in Japan
Authors: Chiba Shiori , Osawa Takefumi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Hagiya Koichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe compared values of Wilmink's exponential term to describe the lactation curves of Holstein cows in Japan. Data were a total of 100,971,798 test‐day records from the first through fifth parities during 1991 through 2018. The lactation curve model used fourth‐order Legendre polynomials and Wilmink's exponential term. In total, 810 analyses were executed to compare six values (−0.02, −0.03, …, −0.07) for the exponential term to select the one that yielded the smallest root mean square error. For all parities, daily milk yield and lactation persistency increased consistently and peak lactation days occurred later from year to year. For the years evaluated, the optimal exponential term was −0.05 for first and second parities, −0.04 for third parity, and −0.03 for fourth and fifth parities. The change in the exponential parameter with increasing year was related to delays in peak lactation.
Prospective voice assessment after uncomplicated thyroidectomy: A comprehensive analysis of a single centre experience
Authors: Nam Inn‐Chul , Bae Ja‐Seong , Lee So‐Hee , Kim Jeong‐Soo , Hwang Yeon‐Shin , Shim Mi‐Ran , Kim Geun‐Jeon , Park Jun‐Ook , Park Young‐Hak , Sun Dong‐Il 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesVoice change after uncomplicated thyroidectomy has been an important issue in the field of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to promote understanding of voice change after uncomplicated thyroidectomy by analysing the results for a large number of patients from a single institute.DesignWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2879 consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy and voice evaluation between January 2014 and December 2019 in a single institute. All the patients had their vocal status assessed using videostroboscopy, acoustic voice analyses, aerodynamic study, and Thyroidectomy‐related Voice and Symptom Questionnaire (TVSQ) scores preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. We analysed the pattern of voice changes over time and differences in voice parameters based on clinical factors. To confirm the usefulness of the TVSQ, the correlation between TVSQ scores and objective parameters was analysed. Lastly, predictive factors for persistent voice symptoms were analysed.SettingTertiary referral hospital.ResultsThe frequency ranges and TVSQ scores exhibited significant deterioration until 6 months following surgery. Among clinical factors, the extents of thyroidectomy and neck dissection were associated with worse voice parameters. The TVSQ score was significantly correlated with objective voice parameters. The extents of thyroidectomy and neck dissection were predictive of persistent voice symptoms at 6 months after thyroidectomy.ConclusionAfter uncomplicated thyroidectomy, most voice parameters tended to recover, but some parameters remained aggravated even at 6 months after surgery. With more extensive surgery, worse voice quality and the higher risk of persistent voice symptoms may be anticipated.
Overprescription of short‐acting β2‐agonists among patients with asthma in Saudi Arabia: Results from the SABINA III cohort study
Authors: Al‐Jahdali Hamdan , Wali Siraj , Albanna Amr S. , Al Harbi Abeer , Allehebi Riyad , Arwadi Abdulmajed , Dahan Tarek , Fattouh Mohamed , Hamza Ezzat , Beekman Maarten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite near‐universal health care and timely updates to treatment guidelines in Saudi Arabia, asthma control remains suboptimal, warranting deeper exploration of its management practices. This study describes asthma characteristics and prescription patterns of short‐acting β2‐agonists (SABAs) in the Saudi Arabia cohort of the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III study. Patients with asthma (aged ≥12 years) from seven sites across Saudi Arabia participated in this cross‐sectional study. Asthma severity was classified by study investigators, guided by the 2017 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations. Of 511 patients enrolled, 502 patients, treated by respiratory medicine specialists, were analyzed (mean [standard deviation] age, 47.5 [14.8] years; female, 68.5%). Most patients had moderate‐to‐severe asthma (89.6%, GINA treatment steps 3–5), were overweight/obese (78.9%), and received full health care reimbursement (83.4%). Asthma was partially controlled/uncontrolled among 64.3% of patients; 62.3% experienced ≥1 severe asthma exacerbation(s), and 60.6% and 41.2% were prescribed ≥3 (overprescription) and ≥10 SABA canisters, respectively, in the 12 months preceding study initiation. Additionally, 21.9% of patients purchased SABA over the counter (OTC), of whom 66.4% purchased ≥3 SABA canisters. Ninety‐seven (88.2%) patients who purchased SABA OTC also received SABA prescriptions, and 80.4% and 56.7% of these were prescribed ≥3 and ≥10 SABA canisters, respectively. Overall, compared with SABINA III, a higher percentage of patients from Saudi Arabia were overprescribed SABA (60.6% vs. 38.0%, respectively) and purchased SABA OTC (21.9% vs. 18.0%, respectively), underscoring the need to align asthma treatment practices with current evidence‐based recommendations and regulate SABA OTC sales in Saudi Arabia.