bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptual bases for forming a hybrid drive of a high traffic vehicle
Authors: Kraynyk L. , Kikhtan A. , Kokhan V. , Voloshcuk M. 
Published: December 2022

The hybrid drive is growing in popularity and is already present in almost the majority of classes of the new model generation of military vehicles (MV) of the NATO countries, the Russian Federation, and the People's Republic of China. The main advantage of the hybrid MV drive is, first of all, a significant reduction in the ability to locate the movement in the sound and infrared frequency spectra when driving on electric traction with the internal combustion engine turned off, as well as an increase in the power reserve due to a decrease in the linear consumption of motor fuel. The purpose of the study is to form a general structure - a scheme of a hybrid drive of a high-possibility car for off-road and to evaluate the basic necessary parameters of power drive units, taking into account the characteristics of off-road driving. Based on the analysis of trends in the development of military buggies and areas of use in modern conditions of war and the urgent need for machines of this class at the front, the feasibility of actually two-stage implementation of modifications with a hybrid drive for the Armed Forces of Ukraine of the ultralight domestic buggy TUR KV 02 “Mamai” was determined, which meets the regulatory requirements of the NATO base countries regarding of wheeled equipment of the front edge, and provides appropriate mobility for off-road traffic.
In contrast to serial passenger cars and crossovers, the hybrid drive of MV is based on a series scheme with the possibility of external plug-in charging, as well as the use of the hybrid drive as an autonomous power source for other consumers in the field. At the 2nd stage of the development of the hybrid drive of the TUR KV02 “Mamay” buggy, a unified layout of the drive units is provided with the possibility of short-term simultaneous connection of the drive wheels of both the traction electric motor and the internal combustion engine with the synchronization of their speed modes for driving on difficult off-road or increasing acceleration dynamics. The capacity of the batteries is formed by the necessary reserve of autonomous driving on electric traction in typical off-road areas in the area of combat use. The unit of traction batteries is easily replaceable in the conditions of places of permanent deployment and has increased protection against water ingress during short-term forcing of minor water obstacles and provides for the option of Level 1 STANAG 4589 ballistic protection.
Bouncing Spallation Bombs During the 2021 La Palma Eruption, Canary Islands, Spain
Authors: Day James M. D. , Geiger Harri , Troll Valentin R. , Perez-Torrado Francisco J. , Aulinas Meritxell , Gisbert Guillem , Carracedo Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2022

Incandescent pyroclasts of more than 64 mm in diameter erupted from active volcanoes are known as bombs and pose a significant hazard to life and infrastructure. Volcanic ballistic projectile hazard assessment normally considers fall as the main transport process, estimating its intensity from bomb location and impact cratering. We describe ballistically ejected bombs observed during the late October 2021 episode of eruption at La Palma (Canary Islands) that additionally travelled downhill by rolling and bouncing on the steep tephra-dominated cone. These bouncing bombs travelled for distances >1 km beyond their initial impact sites, increasing total travel distance by as much as 100%. They left multiple impact craters on their travel path and frequently spalled incandescent fragments on impact with substrate, leading to significant fire hazard for partially buried trees and structures far beyond the range of ballistic transport. We term these phenomena as bouncing spallation bombs. The official exclusion zone encompassed this hazard at La Palma, but elsewhere bouncing spallation bombs ought to be accounted for in risk assessment, necessitating awareness of an increased hazard footprint on steep-sided volcanoes with ballistic activity.
Combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, component network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Szapáry László , Tornyos Dániel , Kupó Péter , Lukács Réka , El Alaoui El Abdallaoui Oumaima , Komócsi András 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDespite numerous randomized clinical trials (RCT), data regarding the efficacy of antiplatelet and anticoagulant combinations are still conflicting. We aimed to analyze treatment options tested in various fields of cardiovascular prevention, regarding their efficacy and bleeding risk.MethodsSystematic searches of electronic databases were conducted until June 2022. A component network meta-analysis was performed in R. Risk estimates across trials were pooled using random-effects model selecting risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as summary statistics. The primary endpoint of interest was the rate of major cardiac adverse events (MACE). Major bleeding events were assessed as main safety endpoint. Secondary outcomes included cardiovascular- and overall mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, and stroke.ResultsFifteen studies randomizing 73,536 patients were identified. The MACE risk reflected heterogeneity among the anticoagulants with dabigatran and apixaban significantly reducing the risk of MACE (RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.39–0.80 and RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.58–0.98, respectively). Vitamin K antagonist (VKA), rivaroxaban, or edoxaban did not reduced of MACE while it was associated with a significant increase of bleeding risk (RR 1.66; 3.66, and 5.47, respectively). The direct anticoagulant (DOAC) dose reduction resulted in tendencies of fewer bleeding but higher MACE risk, while combination with aspirin was followed with increased risk for bleeding, however, remained non-significant in these cases.ConclusionOur meta-analysis supports that the ischemic-bleeding balance is different among direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) while this is not significantly affected by the dose reduction approaches. Long-term aspirin treatment as part of the anticoagulant and dual antiplatelet regimen provides no ischemic benefit but may increase bleeding risk.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [259703].
Sex differences in the association between blood pressure and atrial fibrillation: A case-control study
Authors: Zhao Xiexiong , Feng Qilun , Wahid Abdul , Wang Xiaoyan , Wen Juan , Jiang Weihong , Tang Xiaohong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundTo examine the association of hypertension (HBP) and its control with atrial fibrillation (AF) and how patient sex affects this association.Materials and methodsA case control study of patients admitted to our hospital from 2015 to 2019 was conducted. Patients were divided into subgroups according to their blood pressure (BP) levels and control status, in which odd ratios (OR) by sex for AF was estimated using a logistic regression model and restrictive cubic splines before and after propensity score matching.ResultsA total of 3,212 patients with AF and 8,307 without AF were investigated. Compared to patients with normal BP, patients with HBP had more AF [OR = 1.75 (1.52–2.02), OR = 2.66 (2.24–3.15), and OR = 4.30 (3.40–5.44) in patients with grade 1, 2, and 3 HBP, respectively]. In HBP patients with grade 3, the OR of AF was much higher in women than in men (OR = 7.15, 95% CI: 4.43–11.50 vs. OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.66–3.72). BP over 133.1/79.9 mmHg in men or 127.1/75.1 mmHg in women was positively associated with AF. In patients with HBP, uncontrolled BP was more associated with AF (OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.53–3.56), especially in women (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.27–4.19). BP and prevalence of AF correlated with each other positively in patients admitted to a cardiology ward. Lowering BP to 145.1/85.8 mmHg in men or 140.5/82.5 mmHg in women led to less AF.ConclusionThere is more significant relationship between HBP and AF in female patients. A lower and individualized BP target may be formulated to prevent AF in women.
Low-molecular-weight heparin in addition to low-dose aspirin for preventing preeclampsia and its complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Li , Xia Binbin , Yuan Yuan , Wang Yuran , Wang Yan 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIn this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of adding low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin to low-dose aspirin (LDA) started ≤16 weeks'gestation in the prevention of preeclampsia (PE) in high-risk women.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from their inception to April 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that to determine whether the combined treatment of LMWH and LDA is better than single anticoagulant drugs in preventing PE and improving live birth rate of fetus in high-risk women with pregnancy ≤16 weeks. We also searched Embase, OVID MEDLINE and OVID MEDLINE in-process using the OVID platform.Results14 RCTs involving 1,966 women were found. The LMWH (or unfractionated heparin) and LDA groups included 1,165 wemen, and the LDA group included 960 women. The meta-analysis showed that the addition of LMWH to LDA reduced the risk of PE (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.79, P &lt; 0.05), small-for-gestational age (SGA, RR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52-0.97, P = 0.03), fetal and neonatal death (RR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23-0.88, P = 0.02) and gestational hypertension (RR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25-0.90, P = 0.02). It is worth emphasizing that LMWH (or unfractionated heparin) combined with LDA did not increase the risk of bleeding.ConclusionsLMWH combined with LDA can effectively improve the pregnancy outcome of women with high risk factors for PE and its complications. Although this study showed that combined medication also did not increase the risk of bleeding, but such results lack the support of large sample size studies. The clinical safety analysis of LMWH combined with LDA in patients with PE should be more carried out.
Geomechanical assessment of the Lower Turonian AR-F limestone Member, Abu Gharadig Field, Egypt: Implications for unconventional resource development
Authors: Farouk Sherif , Sen Souvik , Abu-Alam Tamer , Al Kahtany Khaled , Abioui Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

This study evaluates the unconventional reservoir geomechanical characteristics of the Lower Turonian Abu Roash-F (AR-F) carbonates from the Abu Gharadig field, onshore Egypt, which has not been attempted before. The interval dominantly consists of planktic foraminifera and micrite matrix. The AR-F marine carbonate is organic-rich (0.59–3.57 wt% total organic carbon), thermally mature (435–441°C Tmax) and falls within the oil generation window. The studied interval is very tight with up to 2.6% porosity and 0.0016–0.0033 mD permeability with the wireline log-based brittleness index ranging between 0.39–0.72 which indicates a less brittle to brittle nature. AR-F exhibits a hydrostatic pore pressure gradient with minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) varying between 0.66–0.76 PSI/ft. Safe wellbore trajectory analysis was performed for deviated and horizontal wells to infer the mud pressure gradients required to avoid wellbore instabilities. Based on the inferred in-stress magnitudes and considering an NNE regional maximum horizontal stress orientation, none of the fractures are found to be critically stressed at present day. To produce from the AR-F, hydraulic fracturing is necessary, and we infer a minimum pore pressure increment threshold of 1390 PSI by fluid injection to reactivate the vertical fractures parallel to regional minimum horizontal stress azimuth.
Quercetin alleviates diastolic dysfunction and suppresses adverse pro-hypertrophic signaling in diabetic rats
Authors: Bartosova Linda , Horvath Csaba , Galis Peter , Ferenczyova Kristina , Kalocayova Barbora , Szobi Adrian , Duris-Adameova Adriana , Bartekova Monika , Rajtik Tomas 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionQuercetin (Que) is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant flavonoid with cardioprotective potential. However, very little is known about the signaling pathways and gene regulatory proteins Que may interfere with, especially in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, we aimed to study the potential cardioprotective effects of Que on the cardiac phenotype of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accompanied by obesity.MethodsFor this experiment, we used Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats (fa/fa) and their age-matched lean controls (fa/+) that were treated with either vehicle or 20 mg/kg/day of Que for 6 weeks. Animals underwent echocardiographic (echo) examination before the first administration of Que and after 6 weeks. ResultsAfter the initial echo examination, the diabetic rats showed increased E/A ratio, a marker of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, in comparison to the control group which was selectively reversed by Que. Following the echo analysis, Que reduced LV wall thickness and exhibited an opposite effect on LV luminal area. In support of these results, the total collagen content measured by hydroxyproline assay was decreased in the LVs of diabetic rats treated with Que. The follow-up immunoblot analysis of proteins conveying cardiac remodeling pathways revealed that Que was able to interfere with cardiac pro-hypertrophic signaling. In fact, Que reduced relative protein expression of pro-hypertrophic transcriptional factor MEF2 and its counter-regulator HDAC4 along with pSer246-HDAC4. Furthermore, Que showed potency to decrease GATA4 transcription factor, NFAT3 and calcineurin, as well as upstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase Erk5 which orchestrates several pro-hypertrophic pathways.DiscussionIn summary, we showed for the first time that Que ameliorated pro-hypertrophic signaling on the level of epigenetic regulation and targeted specific upstream pathways which provoked inhibition of pro-hypertrophic signals in ZDF rats. Moreover, Que mitigated T2DM and obesity-induced diastolic dysfunction, therefore, might represent an interesting target for future research on novel cardioprotective agents.
Machine learning to construct sphingolipid metabolism genes signature to characterize the immune landscape and prognosis of patients with uveal melanoma
Authors: Chi Hao , Peng Gaoge , Yang Jinyan , Zhang Jinhao , Song Guobin , Xie Xixi , Strohmer Dorothee Franziska , Lai Guichuan , Zhao Songyun , Wang Rui , Yang Fang , Tian Gang 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundUveal melanoma (UVM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults and is highly metastatic, resulting in a poor patient prognosis. Sphingolipid metabolism plays an important role in tumor development, diagnosis, and prognosis. This study aimed to establish a reliable signature based on sphingolipid metabolism genes (SMGs), thus providing a new perspective for assessing immunotherapy response and prognosis in patients with UVM.MethodsIn this study, SMGs were used to classify UVM from the TCGA-UVM and GEO cohorts. Genes significantly associated with prognosis in UVM patients were screened using univariate cox regression analysis. The most significantly characterized genes were obtained by machine learning, and 4-SMGs prognosis signature was constructed by stepwise multifactorial cox. External validation was performed in the GSE84976 cohort. The level of immune infiltration of 4-SMGs in high- and low-risk patients was analyzed by platforms such as CIBERSORT. The prediction of 4-SMGs on immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response in UVM patients was assessed by ImmuCellAI and TIP portals.Results4-SMGs were considered to be strongly associated with the prognosis of UVM and were good predictors of UVM prognosis. Multivariate analysis found that the model was an independent predictor of UVM, with patients in the low-risk group having higher overall survival than those in the high-risk group. The nomogram constructed from clinical characteristics and risk scores had good prognostic power. The high-risk group showed better results when receiving immunotherapy.Conclusions4-SMGs signature and nomogram showed excellent predictive performance and provided a new perspective for assessing pre-immune efficacy, which will facilitate future precision immuno-oncology studies.
A comparison of physical activity, muscle strength, and sleep between people with type 2 diabetes in Kuwait and the UK: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Ozairi Ebaa , Alsaeed Dalal , Al Roudhan Dherar , Voase Nia , Pell Jill P. , Ho Frederick K. , Abdulla Mohammed , Gray Stuart R. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of low muscle strength and to evaluate physical activity and sleep characteristics in people with type 2 diabetes in Kuwait. Additionally, equivalent data from the UK Biobank cohort were compared.MethodsPeople with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank (n = 23,570) and Kuwaiti cohorts (n = 3,135) were included in this cross-sectional study. Self-reported sleep, physical activity, and muscle strength were compared between the cohorts, using linear and logistic regression, with adjustments for age, sex, and duration of diabetes.ResultsPhysical activity levels (−1216 (−1328,1104 Met-min/wee k: standardized B-coefficient −0.52 (−0.57, −0.47) and grip strength (−3.2 (−3.58, −2.82) kg: standardized B-coefficient (−0.29 (−0.32, -0.26) were lower in the Kuwaiti cohort and the odds of having short sleep (OR 1.32 (1.19,1.46), being classed as inactive (OR 8.70 (7.59, 9.98) and having muscle weakness were higher (OR 1.88 (1.69, 2.09). These analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and duration of diabetes.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that insufficient sleep, physical inactivity, and muscle weakness are prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes, especially in Kuwait. Importantly, these observations warrant urgent and effective interventions to improve sleep, muscle strength, and physical activity, especially in Kuwait.
Exploring the common gene signatures and pathogeneses of obesity with Alzheimer’s disease via transcriptome data
Authors: Li Ting , Qu Jingru , Xu Chaofei , Fang Ting , Sun Bei , Chen Liming 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundObesity is a complex condition that influences several organ systems and physiologic systems. Obesity (OB) is closely linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the interrelationship between them remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the key genes and potential molecular mechanisms in obesity and AD.MethodsThe microarray data for OB and AD were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to delineate the co-expression modules related to OB and AD. The shared genes existing in obesity and AD were identified through biological process analyses using the DAVID website, which then constructed the Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) Network and selected the hub genes by Cytoscape. The results were validated in other microarray data by differential gene analysis. Moreover, the hub gene expressions were further determined in mice by qPCR.ResultsThe WGCNA identifies five modules and four modules as significant modules with OB and AD, respectively. Functional analysis of shared genes emphasized that inflammation response and mitochondrial functionality were common features in the pathophysiology of OB and AD. The results of differential gene analysis in other microarray data were extremely similar to them. Then six important hub genes were selected and identified using cytoHubba, including MMP9, PECAM1, C3AR1, IL1R1, PPARGC1α, and COQ3. Finally, we validated the hub gene expressions via qPCR.ConclusionsOur work revealed the high inflammation/immune response and mitochondrial impairment in OB patients, which might be a crucial susceptibility factor for AD. Meanwhile, we identified novel gene candidates such as MMP9, PECAM1, C3AR1, IL1R1, PPARGC1α, and COQ3 that could be used as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for OB with AD.
ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor improves ectopic lipid accumulation in the kidney in a db/db mouse model
Authors: Zhan Zishun , Li Aimei , Zhang Wei , Wu Xueqin , He Jinrong , Li Zhi , Li Yanchun , Sun Jian , Zhang Hao 
Published: December 2022

AimWe evaluated a novel treatment for obesity-related renal, an ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor, to attenuate ectopic lipid accumulation (ELA) in the kidney and the ensuing inflammation.Materials and methodsAn ACL inhibitor was administered intragastrically to 12-week-old db/db mice for 30 days. The appearance of ELA was observed by staining kidney sections with Oil Red O, and the differences in tissue lipid metabolites were assessed by mass spectrometry. The anti-obesity and renoprotection effects of ACL inhibitors were observed by histological examination and multiple biochemical assays.ResultsUsing the AutoDock Vina application, we determined that among the four known ACL inhibitors (SB-204990, ETC-1002, NDI-091143, and BMS-303141), BMS-303141 had the highest affinity for ACL and reduced ACL expression in the kidneys of db/db mice. We reported that BMS-303141 administration could decrease the levels of serum lipid and renal lipogenic enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), and diminish renal ELA in db/db mice. In addition, we found that reducing ELA improved renal injuries, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis.ConclusionACL inhibitor BMS-303141 protects against obesity-related renal injuries.
Long-term trajectories of BMI and cumulative incident metabolic syndrome: A cohort study
Authors: Ying Ming , Hu Xiangming , Li Qiang , Dong Haojian , Zhou Yingling , Chen Zhujun 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundBody mass index (BMI) has been widely recognized as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the relationship between the trajectory of BMI and cumulative incident MetS is still unclear. We investigate the associations of long-term measurements of BMI with MetS among young adults in the China Health and Nutrition Survey.MethodsWe enrolled individuals aged 10 to 20 at baseline with recorded BMI at each follow-up interview, and 554 participants were finally included in our study. The assessment and incidence of MetS were evaluated by blood tests and physical examinations in their adulthood. A latent class growth mixed model was used to identify three BMI trajectory patterns: a low baseline BMI with slow development (low-slow, n=438), a low baseline BMI with fast development (low-fast, n=66), and a high baseline BMI with fast development (high-fast, n=50). Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between different BMI trajectories and the incidence of MetS.ResultDuring a follow-up of 16 years, 61 (11.01%) participants developed MetS. The combination of elevated triglycerides and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was most frequent in diagnosed MetS. In multivariate adjusted models, the low-fast and high-fast BMI trajectories showed a significantly higher risk of MetS than those with the low-slow BMI trajectory (low-high: OR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.14-10.13, P &lt; 0.05; high-fast: OR = 5.81, 95% CI: 1.63-20.69, P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur study identified three BMI trajectories in young adults and found that long-term measurements of BMI were also associated with cumulative incident MetS.