bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phonetic spellings in the Late Modern English dialect of the Isle of Wight (based on EDD Online)
Authors: Markus Manfred 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhonetic spelling was common practice in English dialect texts until the API (English: IPA), in 1893, launched its normative signs of transcription. Nevertheless, phonetic spellings have rarely been studied, the least in dialects. This paper ventures to trace some of the immanent norms and the sound functions of some phonetic spellings in the Isle of Wight during the Late Modern English period. The investigation is mainly based on data retrieved from EDD Online, which allows for sophisticated aggregate queries so that spelling practices can be quantified and mapped. The paper focuses on spellings unique to the island, such as double a, e, and o before another vowel, that is, in diphthongs, and u-spellings for schwa in posttonic syllables. The figures for non-unique features, such as voicing of fricatives, are normalized and allow for correlation to other counties. In sum, the Isle of Wight accent was marked by its typical “drawl.”
Sensitive liberals and unfeeling conservatives? Interoceptive sensitivity predicts political liberalism
Authors: Ruisch Benjamin C. , Von Mohr Mariana , Naber Marnix , Tsakiris Manos , Fazio Russell H. , Scheepers Daan T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe stark divide between the political right and left is rooted in conflicting beliefs, values, and personality—and, recent research suggests, perhaps even lower-level physiological differences between individuals. In this registered report, we investigated a novel domain of ideological differences in physiological processes: interoceptive sensitivity—that is, a person’s attunement to their own internal bodily states and signals (e.g., physiological arousal, pain, and respiration). We conducted two studies testing the hypothesis that greater interoceptive sensitivity would be associated with greater conservatism: one laboratory study in the Netherlands using a physiological heartbeat detection task and one large-scale online study in the United States employing an innovative webcam-based measure of interoceptive sensitivity. Contrary to our predictions, we found evidence that interoceptive sensitivity may instead predict greater political liberalism (versus conservatism), although this association was primarily limited to the American sample. We discuss implications for our understanding of the physiological underpinnings of political ideology.
Too strong to care? Investigating the links between formidability, worldviews, and views on climate and disaster
Authors: Prokosch Marjorie L. , Smith Colin Tucker , Kerry Nicholas , von Meding Jason 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPeople vary in climate change skepticism and in their views on disaster cause and prevention. For example, the United States boasts higher rates of climate skepticism than other countries, especially among Republicans. Research into the individual differences that shape variation in climate-related beliefs represents an important opportunity for those seeking ways to mitigate climate change and climate-related disasters (e.g., floods). In this registered report, we proposed a study examining how individual difference in physical formidability, worldview, and affect relate to attitudes about disaster and climate change. We predicted that highly formidable men would tend to endorse social inequality, hold status quo defensive worldviews, report lower levels of empathy, and report attitudes that promote disaster risk accumulation via lesser support for social intervention. The results of an online study (Study 1) support the notion that men’s self-perceived formidability is related to disaster and climate change beliefs in the predicted direction and that this relationship is mediated by hierarchical worldview and status quo defense but not empathy. An analysis of a preliminary sample for the in-lab study (Study 2) suggests that self-perceived formidability relates to disaster views, climate views, and status quo maintaining worldviews.
Name Recall in the Synoptic Gospels
Authors: van de Weghe Luuk 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOnomastic congruence (a feature defined in this article) is characteristic of historiographic biographies from the Early Empire. The Synoptic Gospels display onomastic congruence, as well as conservatism in their treatment of names. The preservation of names, especially those centred around key roles and events, suggests that some names may have been preserved in the oral archives of early Christian communities to footnote living eyewitness sources, paralleling historiographical situations.
Naming 1 Timothy 3.16b: A ‘Hymn’ by another Name?
Authors: Kidson Lyn M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost scholars assume that 1 Timothy 3.16b is a hymn, or a fragment of a hymn, belonging to another context. However, Furley (1995) points out that even the ancients had difficulty categorising their poetic materials. 1 Timothy 3.16b has no metre and neither praises God nor asks him for benefits, which are the usual indicators of a hymn. This article argues that 1 Timothy 3.16b was written by the writer for insertion into the letter, and it was intended to be used in his congregation as a bulwark (1 Tim 3.15) against his opponents. 1 Timothy 3.16b more closely resembles an epigram, normally written to accompany an epiphany of a god.
The Spectacle of the Patibulum: A Response to Ruben van Wingerden
Authors: Cook John Granger 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRuben van Wingerden's articles on carrying a patibulum and σταυρός are admirably precise. However, his analyses of two texts of Plautus and a fragment of Clodius Licinus are problematic. In contrast to van Wingerden's rather minimalistic conclusions regarding carrying a patibulum or σταυρός, it seems likely that carrying a patibulum was a general element in Roman practice in accounts in which patibula are mentioned in conjunction with crucifixions – even when there is no explicit reference to carrying the patibulum through the streets.
The Agricultural Background of the Harvest Logion in Matthew 9.37–8 and Luke (Q) 10.2
Authors: Howes Llewellyn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe saying in Matthew 9.37–8 and Luke (Q) 10.2 reads as follows: ‘He said to his disciples: The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few. So ask the Lord of the harvest to dispatch workers into his harvest’. The present study attempts to illuminate this logion by considering its setting in first-century Palestine. The focus here is not on the logion's possible metaphorical application, but on the literal saying, which involves ancient agriculture.
Efficacy of technology-based interventions in psychosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Morales-Pillado Carla , Fernández-Castilla Belén , Sánchez-Gutiérrez Teresa , González-Fraile Eduardo , Barbeito Sara , Calvo Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTechnology-based interventions (TBIs) are a useful approach when attempting to provide therapy to more patients with psychosis.MethodsRandomized controlled trials of outcomes of TBIs v. face-to-face interventions in psychosis were identified in a systematic search conducted in PubMed/Ovid MEDLINE. Data were extracted independently by two researchers, and standardized mean changes were pooled using a three-level model and network meta-analysis.ResultsFifty-eight studies were included. TBIs complementing treatment as usual (TAU) were generally superior to face-to-face interventions (g = 0.16, p ≤ 0.0001) and to specific outcomes, namely, neurocognition (g = 0.13, p ≤ 0.0001), functioning (g = 0.25, p = 0.006), and social cognition (g = 0.32, p ≤ 0.05). Based on the network meta-analysis, the effect of two TBIs differed significantly from zero; these were the TBIs cognitive training for the neurocognitive outcome [g = 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09–0.23] and cognitive behavioral therapy for quality of life (g = 1.27; 95% CI 0.46–2.08). The variables educational level, type of medication, frequency of the intervention, and contact during the intervention moderated the effectiveness of TBIs over face-to-face interventions in neurocognition and symptomatology.ConclusionsTBIs are effective for the management of neurocognition, symptomatology, functioning, social cognition, and quality of life outcomes in patients with psychosis. The results of the network meta-analysis showed the efficacy of some TBIs for neurocognition, symptomatology, and quality of life. Therefore, TBIs should be considered a complement to TAU in patients with psychosis.
The Novice Administrative State: The Function of Regulatory Commissions in the Progressive Era
Authors: Glock Judge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearchers have long argued that an important impetus for the creation of the administrative state was the desire to bring experts into government and especially into the regulation of business. Yet Progressive Era politicians did not focus on attracting experts when crafting one part of the administrative state, independent regulatory commissions. This article examines the contemporary understanding of regulatory commissions and shows that they were most often intended as a substitute for vacillating juries. Commissions’ most important advantage over juries was that they acquired experience in investigations of a single subject over time, not that their appointees were already academics or experts in a particular subject. This article also shows that appointments to these commissions did not demonstrate a desire for apolitical expertise. This is the first examination of all members appointed to the Interstate Commerce Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Federal Power Commission, Federal Communications Commission, and the Securities and Exchange Commission in the period from 1887 to 1935. This article finds that political and sectional balance, rather than previous expertise, were the most important criteria for these commissions’ members, at least until the late 1920s, after the end of the supposed Progressive Era.
Short-Term Psychological Support for Civilians Exposed to the January 2015 Terrorist Attacks in France
Authors: Vuillermoz Cécile , Prieto Nathalie , Pirard Philippe , Baubet Thierry , Stene Lise Eilin , Vandentorren Stéphanie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroduction:Following a terrorist attack, responses to a psychosocial disaster range from low-intensity initiatives to high-intensity treatment. Some studies described post-disaster psychosocial services and planning across Europe. However, little is known about the psychosocial support (PS) actually delivered after terrorist attacks.Study Objective:This study assesses prevalence and the factors associated with not receiving short-term PS among terror-exposed people with probable mental health disorders following the January 2015 terrorist attacks in France.Methods:This study used data from the first wave of a longitudinal survey conducted six months after the attacks. Prevalence and factors associated with not receiving PS were described in the immediate period (48 hours), the early post-immediate period (48 hours-one week), and the medium-term (over one week) using a robust Poisson regression for each of the three periods.Results:Nearly one-half of the participants (N = 189) did not receive PS in any period (46.6% in the immediate period, 45.5% in the early post-immediate period, and 54.5% in the medium-term). In each period, not receiving PS was associated with not being very close to the attack sites. Not receiving PS in the immediate period was also associated with being a direct witness (DW) rather than being directly threatened (DT) and not having support in daily life; in the early post-immediate period, not receiving PS was associated with not having a peri-traumatic dissociation experience and being followed for a psychological problem before the attacks; and in the medium-term period, it was associated with perceived social isolation.Conclusion:The characteristics of the terror exposure and social support seemed to influence presence or absence of PS after the terrorist attack and highlight the need for strategies to reach out to people regardless of the type of exposure.
A Deep Learning‐Based Bias Correction Method for Predicting Ocean Surface Waves in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sun Danyi , Huang Wenyu , Luo Yong , Luo Jingjia , Wright Jonathon S. , Fu Haohuan , Wang Bin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOcean waves, especially extreme waves, are vital for air‐sea interaction and shipping. However, current wave models still have significant biases. Based on a numerical wave model and a deep learning model, a BU‐Net by adding batch normalization layers to a U‐Net, we accurately predict the significant wave height (SWH) of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. For each day in 2017–2021, we conducted a 3‐day hindcast experiment using WAVEWATCH3 (WW3) to obtain the SWH forecasts at lead times of 24, 48, and 72 hr, forced by GFS real‐time forecast surface winds. After using BU‐Net, the mean Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) of the SWH forecast from WW3 at lead times of 24, 48, and 72 hr are reduced by 40%, 38%, and 30%, respectively. During typhoon passages, the drop percentages of RMSEs all exceed 20% for three lead times. Therefore, combining numerical models and deep learning is very promising in wave forecasting.
Tropical Indian Ocean Warming Contributes to Arctic Warming
Authors: Xu Jianxiang , Luo Jing‐Jia , Yuan Chaoxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, the Arctic is undergoing a significant warming, which has exerted widespread impacts on global climate. Although many mechanisms responsible for the Arctic warming have been proposed, the impacts of the multi‐decadal change of tropical sea surface temperature receive little attention. Here we use numerical experiments to elucidate that the Indian Ocean (IO) warming may contribute to the Arctic warming. Through enhancing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, the IO warming remotely induces more ocean heat transport from the North Atlantic to the Arctic. The resulted upper ocean warming dominates the surface warming in the Arctic. Additionally, despite the net negative contribution of the atmospheric heat transport, more warm air is conveyed into the Kara Seas, North Eurasia, and North America sectors, contributing to the local warming. The results propose a new mechanism to interpret the Arctic warming and indicate the important remote impacts of the tropical IO warming.
Microglia-containing human brain organoids for the study of brain development and pathology
Authors: Zhang Wendiao , Jiang Jiamei , Xu Zhenhong , Yan Hongye , Tang Beisha , Liu Chunyu , Chen Chao , Meng Qingtuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMicroglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system, playing critical roles in brain development and homeostasis. Increasing evidence has implicated microglia dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various brain disorders ranging from psychiatric disorders to neurodegenerative diseases. Using a human cell-based model to illuminate the functional mechanisms of microglia will promote pathological studies and drug development. The recently developed microglia-containing human brain organoids (MC-HBOs), in-vitro three-dimensional cell cultures that recapitulate key features of the human brain, have provided a new avenue to model brain development and pathology. However, MC-HBOs generated from different methods differ in the origin, proportion, and fidelity of microglia within the organoids, and may have produced inconsistent results. To help researchers to develop a robust and reproducible model that recapitulates in-vivo signatures of human microglia to study brain development and pathology, this review summarized the current methods used to generate MC-HBOs and provided opinions on the use of MC-HBOs for disease modeling and functional studies.
Graphene-based terahertz reconfigurable printed ridge gap waveguide structure
Authors: Ali Mohamed Mamdouh M. , Shams Shoukry I. , Elsaadany Mahmoud , Gagnon Ghyslain , Wu Ke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGraphene-based microwave devices have enabled reconfigurability, thus paving the way to the realization of flexible wireless terahertz systems with featured performances. Despite great progress in the development of graphene-based terahertz devices in the literature, high insertion loss and wide tunable range are still significant challenges at such high frequencies. In this work, we introduce the use of graphene to implement a reconfigurable printed ridge gap waveguide (RPRGW) structure over the terahertz frequency range for the first time. This guiding structure is suitable for both millimeter and terahertz wave applications due to its supporting quasi-TEM mode, which exhibits low dispersion compared to other traditional guiding structures. The presented solution is featured with low loss as the signal propagates in a lossless air gap, which is separated from the lossy graphene elements responsible for the reconfigurable behavior. In addition, this guiding structure is deployed to implement a tunable RPPGW power divider as an application example for the proposed structure.
Identifying Listeners Whose Speech Intelligibility Depends on a Quiet Extra Moment After a Sentence
Authors: Gianakas Steven P. , Fitzgerald Matthew B. , Winn Matthew B. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
An extra moment after a sentence is spoken may be important for listeners with hearing loss to mentally repair misperceptions during listening. The current audiologic test battery cannot distinguish between a listener who repaired a misperception versus a listener who heard the speech accurately with no need for repair. This study aims to develop a behavioral method to identify individuals who are at risk for relying on a quiet moment after a sentence.

Method:
Forty-three individuals with hearing loss (32 cochlear implant users, 11 hearing aid users) heard sentences that were followed by either 2 s of silence or 2 s of babble noise. Both high- and low-context sentences were used in the task.

Results:
Some individuals showed notable benefit in accuracy scores (particularly for high-context sentences) when given an extra moment of silent time following the sentence. This benefit was highly variable across individuals and sometimes absent altogether. However, the group-level patterns of results were mainly explained by the use of context and successful perception of the words preceding sentence-final words.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that some but not all individuals improve their speech recognition score by relying on a quiet moment after a sentence, and that this fragility of speech recognition cannot be assessed using one isolated utterance at a time. Reliance on a quiet moment to repair perceptions would potentially impede the perception of an upcoming utterance, making continuous communication in real-world scenarios difficult especially for individuals with hearing loss. The methods used in this study—along with some simple modifications if necessary—could potentially identify patients with hearing loss who retroactively repair mistakes by using clinically feasible methods that can ultimately lead to better patient-centered hearing health care.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21644801
Long-Term Averaged Spectrum Descriptors of Dysarthria in Patients With Parkinson's Disease Treated With Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Svihlik Jan , Novotny Michal , Tykalova Tereza , Polakova Kamila , Brozova Hana , Kryze Petr , Sousa Mario , Krack Paul , Tripoliti Elina , Ruzicka Evzen , Jech Robert , Rusz Jan 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:This study aimed to evaluate whether long-term averaged spectrum (LTAS) descriptors for reading and monologue are suitable to detect worsening of dysarthria in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) with potential effect of ON and OFF stimulation conditions and types of connected speech.Method:Four spectral moments based on LTAS were computed for monologue and reading passage collected from 23 individuals with PD treated with bilateral STN-DBS and 23 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Speech performance of patients with PD was compared in ON and OFF STN-DBS conditions.Results:All LTAS spectral moments including mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis across both monologue and reading passage were able to significantly distinguish between patients with PD in both stimulation conditions and control speakers. The spectral mean was the only LTAS measure sensitive to capture better speech performance in STN-DBS ON, as compared to the STN-DBS OFF stimulation condition (p< .05). Standardized reading passage was more sensitive compared to monologue in detecting dysarthria severity via LTAS descriptors with an area under the curve of up to 0.92 obtained between PD and control groups.Conclusions:Our findings confirmed that LTAS is a suitable approach to objectively describe changes in speech impairment severity due to STN-DBS therapy in patients with PD. We envisage these results as an important step toward a continuum development of technological solutions for the automated assessment of stimulation-induced dysarthria.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21644798
Caregiver Experiences With Oral Bilingualism in Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing in the United States: Impact on Child Language Proficiency
Authors: Benítez-Barrera Carlos , Reiss Lina , Majid Marjan , Chau Trisha , Wilson Johanna , Rico Erika Figueroa , Bunta Ferenc , Raphael Robert M. , de Diego-Lázaro Beatriz 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
Best practices recommend promoting the use of the home language and allowing caregivers to choose the language(s) that they want to use with their child who is deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). We examined whether Spanish-speaking caregivers of children who are DHH receive professional recommendations on oral bilingualism that follow best practices. We also assessed whether professional recommendations, caregiver beliefs, and language practices had an impact on child language(s) proficiency.

Method:
Sixty caregivers completed a questionnaire on demographic questions, language(s) use and recommendations, beliefs on bilingualism, and child language proficiency measures in English, Spanish, and American Sign Language (ASL). Professional recommendations on oral bilingualism were reported descriptively, and linear regression was used to identify the predictors of child language(s) proficiency.

Results:
We found that only 23.3% of the caregivers were actively encouraged to raise their child orally bilingual. Language practices predicted child proficiency in each language (English, Spanish, and ASL), but professional recommendations and caregiver beliefs did not.

Conclusions:
Our results revealed that most caregivers received recommendations that do not follow current best practices. Professional training is still needed to promote bilingualism and increase cultural competence when providing services to caregivers who speak languages different from English.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21644846