bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dominant role of CACNA1D exon mutations for blood pressure regulation
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhu Jing-Kang , Cheng Lan , Mao Gaowei , Chen Hong , Wu Xiaoying , Hong Huiwu , Wang Canwang , Lin Pengcheng , Chen Jie , Maboh Rene Nfornah , Chen Hui 
Published: February 2022

Background:

CACNA1D gene, which encodes the α1 subunit of the Cav1.3 L-type calcium channel effectively regulates intracellular Ca2+ stability. In recent years, clinical studies have shown that the CACNA1D polymorphisms were associated with hypertension.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of CACNA1D exon mutation on blood pressure (BP) in Sprague–Dawley rats.

Methods:
The rats with CACNA1D p.D307G, CACNA1D p.V936I or CACNA1D p.R1516Q were constructed using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. SBP measurements of rats were taken for 32 weeks. Tissue morphology of rats and vasoactive substances in serum was tested. Furthermore, the effects of L-type calcium channel blocker isradipine and endothelin-1 (ET-1) inhibitor BQ-123 on BP of double mutation rats (CACNA1D p.D307G/p.R1516Q) were tested. Then we examined the effects of CACNA1D gene mutation on gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Results:
Elevated SBP and increased circulating ET-1 was observed in CACNA1D p.D307G mutant rats. Morphological assessments showed that the vascular, cardiac and renal remodeling could also be observed in rats with p.D307G mutant. Cav1.3 protein expression and calcineurin phosphatase activity in VSMCs of rats with CACNA1D p.D307G were increased in vitro, and the vascular ring tension test of mesenteric grade 3 arteries in CACNA1D p.D307G rats were increased in vivo. Furthermore, ET-1 expression were increased in isolated primary aortic endothelial cells in p.D307G mutant rats and transfected p.D307G mutant HUVECs. Finally, double heterozygosity rats with CACNA1D p.D307G/p.R1516Q or CACNA1D p.D307G/p.V936I further accelerated the rise of SBP compared with p.D307G mutation rats, and isradipine and BQ-123 reduced BP to the same extent in CACNA1D p.D307G/p.R1516Q rats.

Conclusion:

CACNA1D gene is key players in the regulation of blood pressure. CACNA1D mutation rat may be a new hypertension animal model.
Liver trauma in the intensive care unit
Authors: Hetherington Alexandra , Cardoso Filipe S. , Lester Erica L.W. , Karvellas Constantine J. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of review
To review the surgical and critical care management of liver trauma; one of the most common abdominal injuries sustained due to its size and location.

Recent findings
Hepatic injuries range from negligible to life threatening: in the acute phase, the most common cause of morbidity and mortality is hemorrhage; however, severe traumatic hepatic injuries can also lead to biochemical abnormalities, altered coagulation, and ultimately liver failure. This brief review will review the classification of traumatic liver injuries by mechanism, grade, and severity. Most Grades I–III injuries can be managed nonoperatively, whereas the majority of Grades IV–VI injuries require operative management. Therapeutic strategies for traumatic liver injury including nonoperative, operative, radiologic will be described. The primary goal of liver trauma management in the acute setting is hemorrhage control, then the management of secondary factors such as bile leaks. The rapid restoration of homeostasis may prevent further damage to the liver and allow for deferred nonoperative management, which has been shown to be associated with good clinical outcomes.

Summary
A multidisciplinary approach to the care of these patients at an experienced liver surgery center is warranted.
Underdetection of pre-existing HIV/AIDS during psychiatric hospitalizations
Authors: Mangurian Christina , Dahiya Priya , Goldman Matthew L. , Corbeil Tom , Wall Melanie M. , Essock Susan M. , Dixon Lisa B. , Tang Fei , Frimpong Eric , Mascayano Franco , Radigan Marleen , Wang Rui , Olfson Mark , Smith Thomas E. 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
People with severe mental illness are 10 times more likely to have HIV/ AIDS than the general population, yet little is known about the characteristics and frequency of recognition of pre-existing HIV/AIDS diagnoses among inpatients with severe mental illness. This study examines documentation rates of pre-existing HIV/ AIDS among inpatients within psychiatric hospitals in New York State.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study to examine recognition of pre-existing HIV/AIDS among psychiatric inpatients.

Methods:
Patient-level Medicaid claims records were linked with hospital and regional data for people admitted to psychiatric inpatient units in New York State. Presence of HIV/AIDS diagnoses prior to psychiatric hospitalization was coded for each inpatient (n = 14 602). Adjusted odds ratios of undocumented HIV/AIDS diagnoses at the time of discharge were calculated using logistic regression analyses.

Results:
About 5.1% (741/14 602) of unique psychiatric inpatients had pre-existing HIV/AIDS diagnoses. Of these inpatients, 58.3% (432/741) were not coded as having HIV/AIDS upon discharge. Higher rates of missed detection were associated with younger age, non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, shorter length of stay, more distal coding of an HIV/AIDS diagnosis, and fewer HIV/AIDS-related Medicaid claims in the past year. Hospitals with higher readmission rates also had higher rates of undetected HIV/AIDS diagnoses.

Conclusion:
Over half of inpatients previously diagnosed with HIV/AIDS did not have their HIV-positive status noted upon discharge from psychiatric hospitalization. This finding underscores how frequently clinically significant medical comorbidities fail to be incorporated into psychiatric treatment and treatment planning. Inpatient clinicians are missing important opportunities to optimize HIV/AIDS treatment and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Radioiodine-Avid Paravertebral Bronchogenic Cyst Mimicking Neurofibroma
Authors: Shah Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Norouzi Ghazal , Pirayesh Elahe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The whole-body postablation scan of a 38-year-old man, with history of papillary thyroid cancer, revealed a focus of intense 131I accumulation about the lower thoracic vertebrae. SPECT/CT revealing a soft tissue lesion adjacent the T9 to T10 vertebrae, which was reported as neurofibroma on the subsequently performed MRI. However, the lesion was confirmed as a bronchogenic cyst on biopsy. Respecting that unlike neurofibroma, immunohistochemistry studies have confirmed Na-I symporter expression in bronchogenic epithelium; our case highlights that, although rare, paravertebral bronchogenic cysts should be considered in differential diagnosis of radioiodine-avid paravertebral lesions.
Management of Mandibular Subcondylar Fracture Through an Intraoral Approach Using a Trans-Buccal Trocar With Ramus Buccal Decortication
Authors: Jeon Mina , Park Jin-Young , Choi Na-Rae , Chen Chun-Ming , Shriya Jaiswal M. , Hwang Dae-Seok 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to review retrospectively the functional recoveries of subcondylar fracture patients that underwent open reduction surgery using an extraoral approach or an intraoral approach using a trans-buccal trocar and involving ramus buccal decortication.

Materials and Methods:
Of 47 patients with mandibular condyle fracture who visited Pusan National University Dental Hospital Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between May 2015 and November 2020, 38 patients underwent open reduction and were classified according to the surgical method used. Preauricular, submandibular, and retro-mandibular approaches were all classified as extraoral approaches condyle fractures were classified as described by Spiessl and Schroll (1972). Distances between bone fragments on panorama radiographs before and after surgery were measured.

Results:
Thirty-eight patients were included in this study, 9 patients received subcondylar fracture surgery. Open reduction surgery using an extraoral approach had a greater mean operation time than the intraoral approach using a trocar. Of the 17 patients treated with an intraoral approach, the average distance between bone fragments right after surgery was 1.27 ± 1.41mm, which was significantly greater than that of the extraoral approach (0.72 ± 0.35 mm).

Conclusions:
Favorable results can be obtained by mandibular condylar fracture surgery through an intraoral approach using a trans-buccal trocar with ramus buccal decortication. This technique minimizes scarring, secures accessibility using a trocar, and sufficiently secures the field of view through buccal cortical bone reduction.
Computer-Aided Autogenous Coronoid Process Graft Combined With Median and Unilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy for Late Reconstruction of Condylar Fracture and Occlusion after Trauma
Authors: Zhao Hanjiang , Li Xiaojie , Jiang Tengfei , Zhang Jianfei , Yu Hongbo 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
This study proposes a high-precision surgical technique that combines both computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and the screw-track transfer technique for condylar and occlusal reconstruction.

Materials and methods:
A 43-year-old male patient with facial asymmetry, limited mouth opening, and malocclusion underwent condylar and occlusal reconstruction surgery. An autogenous cor-onoid process graft was performed by combining CAD/CAM and the screw-track transfer technique.

Results:
The surgical plan was transformed successfully from preoperative virtual surgical planning to actual surgery; this was confirmed by merging the postoperative computed tomography images with the preoperative three-dimensional surgical design. The patient recovered well and had better occlusion and facial symmetry, as well as an increased degree of mouth opening post-surgery. No complications were observed.

Conclusions:
CAD/CAM combined with the screw-track transfer technique is a precise and feasible method that can be applied to autogenous coronoid process grafts. This approach can be used to reconstruct the condylar process and achieve a good occlusal relationship.
A Simple Method to Retract the Descending Palatine Neurovascular Bundle During Osseous Removal of Posterior Interferences in Le Fort I Osteotomy
Authors: Rodrigues Moacyr Tadeu Vicente , Mendes Bruno Coelho , Borba Alexandre Meireles , Nóia Claudio Ferreira 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
For accurate repositioning of the maxilla in Le Fort I osteotomy, bone removal around the descending palatine neurovascular bundle and maxillary tuberosity is frequently required. Such task can be challenging due to the high vascularity of the region, which is the most common site of hemorrhage during removal of bony interferences. Although a rare occurrence, ligation of the descending palatine artery in cases of intraoperative vascular damage can be related to the development of aseptic necrosis. This article reports a simple technique for retraction and protection of the descending palatine neurovascular bundle during bony removal related to a posterior maxillary impaction, which can be easily reproduced in orthognathic selected cases.
Recombinant human erythropoietin protects long-term cultured ageing primary nerve cells by upregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Wang Huqing , Chen Ming , Gao Zhen , Gong Yu , Yu Xiaorui , Wu Haiqin 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Previous studies have found that recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) protects long-term cultured ageing primary nerve cells by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant capacity of cells; however, its signalling pathways are not clear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the rhEPO and PI3K/Akt pathways in the protection of senescent nerve cells at the cellular level.

Methods
Primary nerve cells were cultured for 22 days to mimic the natural ageing process of nerve cells. rhEPO and LY294002 were administered as an intervention on the 11th day of culture. Western blot, immunochemistry, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, immunofluorescence double-labelling staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI double-labelling flow cytometry, and SA-β-gal staining experiments were used to observe the expression levels of erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) protein and the related indices of nerve cell senescence.

Results
Western blot experiments showed that in ageing long-term cultured primary neurons, the EPOR and p-Akt decreased and rhEPO upregulated the expression levels of EPOR and p-Akt protein. The rest showed that the PI3K/Akt pathway blockade reduced the antioxidation capacity, cell viability, cell morphology, and ratio of apoptotic cells and senescent cells of rhEPO on ageing long-term cultured primary nerve cells.

Conclusions
This study explored the relationship between the rhEPO and PI3K/Akt pathways in the protection of ageing nerve cells at the cellular level and found that rhEPO protects long-term cultured ageing primary nerve cells by upregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings provide a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the antiaeging mechanism of EPO in the nervous system.
The role of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type receptor modulators in object recognition memory reconsolidation
Authors: Man Xin-Yi , Chang Zao-Shang , Mo Yan-Xin , Liang Kai , Wang Le , Xiao Zhi-Yong 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Numerous studies suggest that the a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type (AMPA) receptor appears to play a central role in mediating brain functions, such as learning and memory. Trafficking of this receptor is related to different long-term memory processes. This study explores the role of two AMPA receptor (AMPAR) modulators in object recognition memory (ORM) reconsolidation.

Methods
First, the effects of immediate administration of each drug after memory reactivation were investigated and compared. Then, this drug’s efficient time window and its effects without memory reactivation were investigated.

Results
Immediate CX546 administration after reactivation did not affect ORM reconsolidation. In contrast, administration of 10-mg/kg NBQX significantly impaired ORM reconsolidation within a 6-h time window. Importantly, the observed effects were not attributed to the exploratory behavior or locomotor activity of mice.

Conclusion
These findings provide new evidence that the AMPA receptor plays an important role in the reconsolidation phase of ORM.
Language specificity in the processing of affirmative and negative sentences
Authors: Huang Yingying , Dong Jie , He Yan , Hei Yuqin , Duan Xu , Zhang Wenjia , Yan Hao 
Published: February 2022

Objective
It is agreed that understanding a negative sentence elicits additional neural responses in reversing the truth of an embedded affirmative proposition. However, this argument is challenged by previous neuroimaging studies when distinct languages are used. Therefore, we intended to explore the language specificity of affirmative and negative sentence processing in this study.

Methods
We recruited a group of Chinese-English bilinguals to conduct a grammar judgment task of affirmative and negative sentences during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. And we kept syntactic complexity/sentence length matched in both affirmative and negative sentences.

Results
We found that negative sentences elicited more activation in the perisylvian region, which supported the ‘truth reversing hypothesis’ and argued the reversing process was implemented by the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. The significant language-by-sentence interaction effect in the inferior prefrontal cortex and rostral prefrontal cortex showed that sentential negation was influenced by distinctive language expression.

Conclusion
These results demonstrated the ‘truth reversing hypothesis’. Further analysis revealed the effect of language expression on the neural mechanism of sentential negation.
Mate Competition Drives Aggressive Behaviour in Female Drosophila
Authors: Gaspar Miguel , Dias Sophie , Vasconcelos Maria Luísa 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYAggression is an adaptive set of behaviours that allows animals to compete against one another in an environment of limited resources. In Drosophila such aggressive behaviour has been extensively studied in males. Despite recent work highlighting territorial defence in females, female aggression in Drosophila is still poorly understood. Indeed, whether females compete for mating partners, as males do, has remained unknown so far. In the present work, we report that Drosophila melanogaster females reliably display aggression towards mating pairs. This aggressive behaviour is positively associated with the female’s mating drive and relies heavily on olfaction. Furthermore, we found that food odour in combination with OR47b-dependent fly odour sensing are required for proper expression of aggressive behaviour. Taken together, we describe a social context linked to reproduction in which Drosophila females aspiring to mate produce consistent and stereotyped displays of aggression. These findings open the door for further inquiries into the neural mechanisms that govern this behaviour.
Direct Modulation Index: a measure of phase amplitude coupling for neurophysiology data
Authors: Scherer Maximilian , Wang Tianlu , Guggenberger Robert , Milosevic Luka , Gharabaghi Alireza 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNeural communication across different spatial and temporal scales is a topic of great interest in clinical and basic science. Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) has attracted particular interest due to its functional role in a wide range of cognitive and motor functions. Here, we introduce a novel measure termed the direct modulation index (dMI). Based on the classical modulation index, dMI provides an estimate of PAC that is bound to an absolute interval between 0 and +1, resistant against noise, and reliable even for small amounts of data. To highlight the properties of this newly-proposed measure, we evaluated dMI by comparing it to the classical modulation index, mean vector length, and phase-locking value using simulated data. We ascertained that dMI provides a more accurate estimate of PAC than the existing methods and that is resilient to varying noise levels and signal lengths. As such, dMI permits a reliable investigation of PAC, which may reveal insights crucial to our understanding of functional brain architecture in key contexts such as behaviour and cognition. A Python toolbox that implements dMI and other measures of PAC is freely available at https://github.com/neurophysiological-analysis/FiNN.Highlights-Neural coupling measures are sensitive to higher harmonics of the target oscillation.-dMI achieves frequency-specificity by sine-fitting the phase-amplitude histogram.-Increased robustness to noise and signal duration in comparison to other measures.-dMI allows for reliable estimation of phase-amplitude coupling.
Clinically driven knowledge distillation for sparsifying high-dimensional multi-omics survival models
Authors: Wissel David , Rowson Daniel , Boeva Valentina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, various methods have been proposed to integrate different heterogeneous high-dimensional genomic data sources to predict cancer survival, often in addition to widely available and highly predictive clinical data. Although clinical applications of survival models have high sparsity requirements, most state-of-the-art models do not naturally exhibit this sparsity, as they are based on random forests or deep learning. We propose to use𝓁1-penalized linear student models within a knowledge distillation framework to sparsify underlying multi-omics black-box teachers. We show that by excluding clinical variables from our𝓁1penalty, we can effectively guide the knowledge distillation, reaching virtually identical discriminative performance to the teachers while using on average 140 features or less across the 17 cancer datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) considered in our study.
Bacterioplankton taxa compete for iron along the early spring-summer transition in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Puente-Sánchez Fernando , Macías Luis , Campbell Karley L. , Royo-Llonch Marta , Balagué Vanessa , Sánchez Pablo , Tamames Javier , Mundy C.J. , Pedrós-Alió Carlos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicrobial assemblages under sea ice of Dease Strait, Canadian Arctic, were sequenced for metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of the small size fraction (0.2 to 3 µm). The community from early March was typical for this season, with Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria as the dominant taxa, followed by Thaumarchaeota and Bacteroidetes. Towards summer, Bacteroidetes and particularly the genus Polaribacter, became increasingly dominant, followed by the Gammaproteobacteria. Analysis of genes responsible for microbial acquisition of iron showed an abundance of ABC transporters for divalent cations and ferrous iron. The most abundant transporters, however, were the outer membrane TonB dependent transporters of iron-siderophore complexes. The abundance of iron acquisition genes suggested this element was essential for the microbial assemblage. Interestingly, Gammaproteobacteria were responsible for most of the siderophore synthesis genes. On the contrary, Bacteroidetes did not synthesize siderophores but accounted for most of the transporters, suggesting a role as cheaters in the competition for siderophores as public goods. Likely, this cheating ability of the Bacteroidetes contributed to their dominance in summer.
The relationship between frequency content and representational dynamics in the decoding of neurophysiological data
Authors: Higgins Cameron , van Es Mats W.J. , Quinn Andrew , Vidaurre Diego , Woolrich Mark 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDecoding of high temporal resolution, stimulus-evoked neurophysiological data is increasingly used to test theories about how the brain processes information. However, a fundamental relationship between the frequency spectra of the neural signal and the subsequent decoding accuracy timecourse is not widely recognised. We show that, in commonly used instantaneous signal decoding paradigms, each sinusoidal component of the evoked response is translated to double its original frequency in the subsequent decoding accuracy timecourses. We therefore recommend, where researchers use instantaneous signal decoding paradigms, that more aggressive low pass filtering is applied with a cut-off at one quarter of the sampling rate, to eliminate representational alias artefacts. However, this does not negate the accompanying interpretational challenges. We show that these can be resolved by decoding paradigms that utilise both a signal’s instantaneous magnitude and its local gradient information as features for decoding. On a publicly available MEG dataset, this results in decoding accuracy metrics that are higher, more stable over time, and free of the technical and interpretational challenges previously characterised. We anticipate that a broader awareness of these fundamental relationships will enable stronger interpretations of decoding results by linking them more clearly to the underlying signal characteristics that drive them.HighlightsWe investigate different decoding paradigms applied to epoched data and characterise the information content available to each over time.Under commonly used instantaneous signal decoding paradigms, sinusoidal components of the evoked response are translated to double their original frequency in decoding accuracy metrics, presenting technical and interpretational challenges.When instantaneous signal decoding is used, we recommend using low pass filters with a cut-off less than one quarter of the sampling rate to eliminate spurious representational alias artefacts.The interpretational issues associated with instantaneous signal decoding can be resolved with alternative paradigms such as complex spectrum decoding.We show that complex spectrum decoding results in decoding accuracy metrics that are higher, more stable over time, and free of representational aliasing.