bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head-tracking of freely-behaving pigeons in a motion-capture system reveals the selective use of visual field regions
Authors: Kano Fumihiro , Naik Hemal , Keskin Göksel , Couzin Iain D. , Nagy Máté 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing a motion-capture system and custom head-calibration methods, we reconstructed the head-centric view of freely behaving pigeons and examined how they orient their head when presented with various types of attention-getting objects at various relative locations. Pigeons predominantly employed their retinal specializations to view a visual target, namely their foveas projecting laterally (at an azimuth of ± 75°) into the horizon, and their visually-sensitive “red areas” projecting broadly into the lower-frontal visual field. Pigeons used their foveas to view any distant object while they used their red areas to view a nearby object on the ground (< 50 cm). Pigeons “fixated” a visual target with their foveas; the intervals between head-saccades were longer when the visual target was viewed by birds’ foveas compared to when it was viewed by any other region. Furthermore, pigeons showed a weak preference to use their right eye to examine small objects distinctive in detailed features and their left eye to view threat-related or social stimuli. Despite the known difficulty in identifying where a bird is attending, we show that it is possible to estimate the visual attention of freely-behaving birds by tracking the projections of their retinal specializations in their visual field with cutting-edge methods.
Association between ambient air pollution exposure and insomnia among adults in Taipei City
Authors: Tsai Liang-Ju , Yuan Tzu-Hsuen , Shie Ruei-Hao , Chiang Ching-Han , Chan Chang-Chuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAmbient air pollution was known to cause central nervous system diseases and depressive symptoms. In this study, we examined the associations between air pollution exposure and the prevalence of insomnia in Taipei City of Taiwan. We applied the health information system of electrical medical records of Taipei City Hospital to collect a total of 5108 study subjects (insomniacs N = 912 and non-insomniacs N = 4196) over 18 years old from the family medicine and internal medicine outpatients of six branches of Taipei City Hospital. These patients were grouped into insomniacs and non-insomniacs following the primary insomnia diagnosis (ICD9:780.52, 780.54, 307.41, 307.42, ICD10: G47.00, G47.01, G47.09, F51.01, F51.09) and the prescription times of anxiolytics and hypnotics. We estimated one-year average concentrations of PM2.5, ozone, and NOx before the first date of insomnia diagnosis and the last date of outpatient visit for insomniacs and non-insomniacs, respectively, by using the data of nearest air quality monitoring stations relative to study subjects’ residential addresses. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the independent effects of air pollution concentrations on the risk of insomnia. One-year average PM2.5, ozone, and NOx levels for insomniacs was significantly higher than those of non-insomniacs. After adjusting for confounding factors, increase each 1(μg/m3) in one-year average PM2.5 showed a statistically significant association with insomnia (the odds ratio 1.610, 95% CI [1.562,1.660]). As to multi pollutants, one-year average PM2.5 (1.624, [1.570, 1.681] and ozone (1.198, [1.094, 1.311]) exposure showed a significant association with insomnia. Subgroup analysis revealed that the influence of PM2.5 and ozone on insomnia have significant risks in people with major chronic disease. This study demonstrated a positive association between PM2.5 and ozone exposure and the prevalence of hypnotic-treated insomnia. Especially, the people with major chronic diseases were with obvious effect of PM2.5 and ozone on risk of insomnia.
Exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among mothers of infants age 6 to 12 months in Somali region of Ethiopia
Authors: Shitie Anguach , Tilahun Abebe , Olijira Lemessa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Ethiopia, only 58% of the mothers practice exclusively breast feeding, which is far from recommended; therefore, identifying factors associated with exclusive breast feeding helps to fill this gap. Community-based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted on 532 mothers. Binary logistic regression was performed and Variables with p value ≤ 0.05 in multivariable analysis declared as statistically significant variables. For the qualitative part focused group discussion was performed, and a thematic framework analysis was done. Finally the results were presented with narration. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 52%. Husband education (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI 1.6, 5), colostrum feeding (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.3, 3.9), antenatal care (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.1, 4.3.), place of delivery (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2, 3.6), residence (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.2, 0.6), counseling during postnatal care (AOR = 2; 95% CI 1.2, 3.3) were associated with exclusive breastfeeding. As most discussant explained reason for not exclusive breastfeeding were due to different perceptions such as breast milk not sufficient, giving water decrease infantile colic and fear of food refusal. Prevalence of breastfeeding is low. Husband education, residence, colostrum feeding, antenatal care, institutional delivery, counseling during antenatal and postnatal care were significantly associated variables.
Volatile compounds of Bacillus pseudomycoides induce growth and drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Paul Gobindo Kumar , Mahmud Shafi , Dutta Amit Kumar , Sarkar Swagotom , Laboni Aysha Akter , Hossain Md. Shamim , Nagata Abir , Karmaker Pranab , Razu Mamudul Hasan , Kazi Taheruzzaman , Uddin Md. Salah , Zaman Shahriar , Islam Md Sayeedul , Khan Mala , Saleh Md. Abu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe plant growth-boosting biofilm-forming bacteriaBacillus pseudomycoidesis able to promote growth and drought stress tolerance in wheat by suppressing the MYB gene, which synthesizes Myb protein (TaMpc1-D4) through secreted volatile compounds. In the present study,Triticum aestivumseeds were inoculated with five distinct bacterial strains. The growth, germination rate, root-shoot length, RWC, and chlorophyll content of seedlings were investigated. Furthermore, the levels of soluble sugars, proteins, H2O2, NO, cell death, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, POD, and APX) were observed throughout the growth stage. All of the results showed thatB. pseudomycoideshad a substantially higher ability to form biofilm and promote these traits than the other strains. In terms of molecular gene expression,B. pseudomycoidesinoculation strongly expressed the Dreb1 gene by silencing the expression of MYB gene through secreted volatile compounds. For identifying the specific volatile compound that silenced the MYB gene, molecular docking with Myb protein was performed. Out of 45 volatile compounds found, 2,6-ditert-butylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione and 3,5-ditert-butylphenol had a binding free energy of − 6.2 and − 6.5, Kcal/mol, respectively, which predicted that these compounds could suppress this protein's expression. In molecular dynamics simulations, the RMSD, SASA, Rg, RMSF, and hydrogen bonding values found assured the docked complexes' binding stability. These findings suggest that these targeted compounds may be suppressing Myb protein expression as well as the expression of Dreb1 and other drought response genes in wheat. More research (field trial) into plant growth and drought stress is needed to support the findings of this study.
Forecasts for the concentration of petroleum gas leakage diffusion under different liquid level heights of a sealing ring of sizeable floating roof tank
Authors: Wei Yonghui , Wu Wenfeng , Yu Hongliang , Lu Jinshu , Huang Mengqing , Guo Min 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe sealing ring of the external floating roof tank is prone to petroleum gas leakage due to material aging and oil corrosion. Petroleum gas leakage and diffusion easily accumulate above the floating deck. When it is within the explosion limit range, there will be the risk of explosion and fire. To deal with the explosion accident of storage tank caused by the concentration distribution of petroleum gas leakage for the sealing ring, and to study the influence of petroleum gas diffusion and concentration distribution after sealing ring leakage on the control area above the floating deck in the tank farm environment, this paper established numerical models of sealing ring leakage under different liquid level heights for 10 × 104 m3 external floating roof tank. Through numerical calculation, it is found that the diffusion concentration of petroleum gas is related to the wind speed, the range of the control area above the floating deck, and leakage when sealing rings leak at different liquid levels. Through dimensionless analysis, the functional relationship of gas leakage diffusion concentration distribution under different liquid level heights of external floating roof tank sealing rings is verified by numerical calculation results. The results show that the numerical results are consistent with those predicted by the formula.
Identification of Relevant Attributes for Liver Cancer Therapies (IRALCT): a maximum-difference-scaling analysis
Authors: Hensen Bennet , Winkelmann Carolin , Wacker Frank K. , Vogt Bodo , Dewald Cornelia L. A. , Neumann Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Identification of Relevant Attributes for Liver Cancer Therapies (IRALCT) project is intended to provide new insights into the relevant utility attributes regarding therapy choices for malignant primary and secondary liver tumors from the perspective of those who are involved in the decision-making process. It addresses the potential value of taking patients’ expectations and preferences into account during the decision-making and, when possible, adapting therapies according to these preferences. Specifically, it is intended to identify the relevant clinical attributes that influence the patients’, medical laymen’s, and medical professionals’ decisions and compare the three groups’ preferences. We conducted maximum difference (MaxDiff) scaling among 261 participants (75 physicians, 97 patients with hepatic malignancies, and 89 medical laymen) to rank the importance of 14 attributes previously identified through a literature review. We evaluated the MaxDiff data using count analysis and hierarchical Bayes estimation (HB). Physicians, patients, and medical laymen assessed the same 7 attributes as the most important: probability (certainty) of a complete removal of the tumor, probability of reoccurrence of the disease, pathological evidence of tumor removal, possible complications during the medical intervention, welfare after the medical intervention, duration and intensity of the pain, and degree of difficulty of the medical intervention. The cumulative relative importance of these 7 attributes was 88.3%. Our results show that the physicians’, patients’, and medical laymen’s preferences were very similar and stable.Trial registration DRKS-ID of the study: DRKS00013304, Date of Registration in DRKS: 2017/11/16.
Deep learning-based framework for slide-based histopathological image analysis
Authors: Kosaraju Sai , Park Jeongyeon , Lee Hyun , Yang Jung Wook , Kang Mingon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDigital pathology coupled with advanced machine learning (e.g., deep learning) has been changing the paradigm of whole-slide histopathological images (WSIs) analysis. Major applications in digital pathology using machine learning include automatic cancer classification, survival analysis, and subtyping from pathological images. While most pathological image analyses are based on patch-wise processing due to the extremely large size of histopathology images, there are several applications that predict a single clinical outcome or perform pathological diagnosis per slide (e.g., cancer classification, survival analysis). However, current slide-based analyses are task-dependent, and a general framework of slide-based analysis in WSI has been seldom investigated. We propose a novel slide-based histopathology analysis framework that creates a WSI representation map, called HipoMap, that can be applied to any slide-based problems, coupled with convolutional neural networks. HipoMap converts a WSI of various shapes and sizes to structured image-type representation. Our proposed HipoMap outperformed existing methods in intensive experiments with various settings and datasets. HipoMap showed the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.96±0.026 (5% improved) in the experiments for lung cancer classification, and c-index of 0.787±0.013 (3.5% improved) and coefficient of determination ($$R^2$$

R
2

) of 0.978±0.032 (24% improved) in survival analysis and survival prediction with TCGA lung cancer data respectively, as a general framework of slide-based analysis with a flexible capability. The results showed significant improvement comparing to the current state-of-the-art methods on each task. We further discussed experimental results of HipoMap as pathological viewpoints and verified the performance using publicly available TCGA datasets. A Python package is available at https://pypi.org/project/hipomap, and the package can be easily installed using Python PIP. The open-source codes in Python are available at: https://github.com/datax-lab/HipoMap.
Sensitivity to interaural level and time differences in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fujihira Haruna , Itoi Chihiro , Furukawa Shigeto , Kato Nobumasa , Kashino Makio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are reported to exhibit degraded performance in sound localization. This study investigated whether the sensitivity to the interaural level differences (ILDs) and interaural time differences (ITDs), major cues for horizontal sound localization, are affected in ASD. Thresholds for discriminating the ILD and ITD were measured for adults with ASD and age- and IQ-matched controls in a lateralization experiment. Results show that the ASD group exhibited higher ILD and ITD thresholds than the control group. Moreover, there was a significant diversity of ITD sensitivity in the ASD group, and it contained a larger proportion of participants with poor ITD sensitivity than the control group. The current study suggests that deficits in relatively low-level processes in the auditory pathway are implicated in degraded performance of sound localization in individuals with ASD. The results are consistent with the structural abnormalities and great variability in the morphology in the brainstem reported by neuroanatomical studies of ASD.
Subtypes and phylogenetic analysis of Blastocystis sp. isolates from West Ismailia, Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Shahira A. , El-Mahallawy Heba S. , Mohamed Samar Farag , Angelici Maria Cristina , Hasapis Kyriacos , Saber Taisir , Karanis Panagiotis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Egypt, Blastocystis sp. is not yet on the diagnostic list of parasitology reports, and information about its subtypes (STs) is scarce. This study investigated its prevalence and its STs/alleles, performed phylogenetic analysis, and considered the distribution of risk factors associated with Blastocystis sp. infections in West Ismailia, Ismailia governorate. Sociodemographic data, exposure factors, and previous parasitic infection status were recorded for symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis for Blastocystis sp. isolated from fecal samples were performed. Eighty Blastocystis sp.-infected individuals (15.3%) were examined. The age of the individuals ranged between 0.60 and 85.0 (mean 17.10 ± 15.70), the male/female ratio was 33/47, and the asymptomatic/symptomatic ratio was 55/25. The findings demonstrate clear evidence of direct contact with animals, poor water quality, and previous parasitic infections. Eleven samples yielded three Blastocystis STs (ST1: allele 4, ST2: alleles 9 and 12, and ST3: allele 34), with ST3 (45.5%) representing the most common subtype. Phylogenetic analysis with a robust bootstrap revealed three distinct clades for isolates of each subtype. This study updates the epidemiological knowledge of the distribution of Blastocystis sp. STs in Egypt and expands the current understanding of the prevalence, risk factor frequencies, and genetic diversity of this protist in the studied area.
Gradient-based parameter optimization method to determine membrane ionic current composition in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kohjitani Hirohiko , Koda Shigeya , Himeno Yukiko , Makiyama Takeru , Yamamoto Yuta , Yoshinaga Daisuke , Wuriyanghai Yimin , Kashiwa Asami , Toyoda Futoshi , Zhang Yixin , Amano Akira , Noma Akinori , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPremature cardiac myocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) show heterogeneous action potentials (APs), probably due to different expression patterns of membrane ionic currents. We developed a method for determining expression patterns of functional channels in terms of whole-cell ionic conductance (Gx) using individual spontaneous AP configurations. It has been suggested that apparently identical AP configurations can be obtained using different sets of ionic currents in mathematical models of cardiac membrane excitation. If so, the inverse problem of Gx estimation might not be solved. We computationally tested the feasibility of the gradient-based optimization method. For a realistic examination, conventional 'cell-specific models' were prepared by superimposing the model output of AP on each experimental AP recorded by conventional manual adjustment of Gxs of the baseline model. Gxs of 4–6 major ionic currents of the 'cell-specific models' were randomized within a range of ± 5–15% and used as an initial parameter set for the gradient-based automatic Gxs recovery by decreasing the mean square error (MSE) between the target and model output. Plotting all data points of the MSE–Gx relationship during optimization revealed progressive convergence of the randomized population of Gxs to the original value of the cell-specific model with decreasing MSE. The absence of any other local minimum in the global search space was confirmed by mapping the MSE by randomizing Gxs over a range of 0.1–10 times the control. No additional local minimum MSE was obvious in the whole parameter space, in addition to the global minimum of MSE at the default model parameter.
Gender differences in the association between adverse events in childhood or adolescence and the risk of premature mortality
Authors: de Souza Aline Fernanda , Máximo Roberta de Oliveira , de Oliveira Dayane Capra , Ramírez Paula Camila , Luiz Mariane Marques , Delinocente Maicon Luis Bicigo , Santos Jair Licio Ferreira , Steptoe Andrew , de Oliveira Cesar , Alexandre Tiago da Silva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo examine, by gender, the relationship between adverse events in childhood or adolescence and the increased risk of early mortality (before 80 years). The study sample included 941 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging who died between 2007 and 2018. Data on socioeconomic status, infectious diseases, and parental stress in childhood or adolescence were collected at baseline (2006). Logistic regression models were adjusted by socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical variables. Having lived with only one parent (OR 3.79; p = 0.01), overprotection from the father (OR 1.12; p = 0.04) and having had an infectious disease in childhood or adolescence (OR 2.05; p = 0.01) were risk factors for mortality before the age of 80 in men. In women, overprotection from the father (OR 1.22; p < 0.01) was the only risk factor for mortality before the age of 80, whereas a low occupation of the head of the family (OR 0.58; p = 0.04) and greater care from the mother in childhood or adolescence (OR 0.86; p = 0.03) were protective factors. Independently of one’s current characteristics, having worse socioeconomic status and health in childhood or adolescence increased the risk of early mortality in men. Parental overprotection increased the risk of early mortality in both sexes, whereas maternal care favored longevity in women.
Clinical report of six-month follow-up after cementing PEEK crown on molars
Authors: Kimura Hitomi , Morita Koji , Nishio Fumiko , Abekura Hitoshi , Tsuga Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe conducted a six-month clinical follow-up on computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-fabricated molar polyetheretherketone PEEK crowns to investigate their therapeutic effect. Only the PEEK crowns were examined as our study focused on short-term clinical evaluation of the new PEEK material. Twenty-three cases of PEEK crowns placed on the molars of 20 subjects (7 males and 13 females, mean age: 60.6 ± 14.2 years) were included in the study. The evaluation items were the condition of the crowns at the time of cementation and after six months, patient satisfaction, masticatory ability, and occlusal force. Mann–Whitney U tests with a significance level of 5% were used to examine the difference in glucose concentration by masticatory ability, occlusal pressure, and occlusal force, with and without PEEK crowns. The occlusion, margin fit, and contact of all 23 cases at the time of cementing were good. Six months after cementation, there was no crown desorption, fracture or crack, and prosthodontics was not needed in the 22 cases (one patient dropped out). No wear of the dental antagonist was observed. Patient satisfaction was generally high. There was no significant difference in masticatory ability between the groups with and without PEEK crowns. The subject's occlusal force was within the normal range. PEEK crowns used on molars can replace metal crowns and hold promise for an appropriate and effective treatment.
Microwave assisted synthesis of Mn3O4 nanograins intercalated into reduced graphene oxide layers as cathode material for alternative clean power generation energy device
Authors: Shahid Mehmood , Katugampalage Thilina Rajeendre , Khalid Mohammad , Ahmed Waqar , Kaewsaneha Chariya , Sreearunothai Paiboon , Opaprakasit Pakorn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMn3O4 nanograins incorporated into reduced graphene oxide as a nanocomposite electrocatalyst have been synthesized via one-step, facile, and single-pot microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. The nanocomposites were employed as cathode material of fuel cells for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The synthesized product was thoroughly studied by using important characterization, such as XRD for the structure analysis and FESEM and TEM analyses to assess the morphological structures of the material. Raman spectra were employed to study the GO, rGO bands and formation of Mn3O4@rGO nanocomposite. FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis were used to verify the effective synthesis of the desired electrocatalyst. The Mn3O4@rGO-10% nanocomposite with 10 wt% of graphene oxide was used to alter the shiny surface of the working electrode and applied for ORR in O2 purged 0.5 M KOH electrolyte solution. The Mn3O4@rGO-10% nanocomposite electrocatalyst exhibited outstanding performance with an improved current of − 0.738 mA/cm2 and shifted overpotential values of − 0.345 V when compared to other controlled electrodes, including the conventionally used Pt/C catalyst generally used for ORR activity. The tolerance of Mn3O4@rGO-10% nanocomposite was tested by injecting a higher concentration of methanol, i.e., 0.5 M, and found unsusceptible by methanol crossover. The stability test of the synthesized electrocatalyst after 3000 s was also considered, and it demonstrated excellent current retention of 98% compared to commercially available Pt/C electrocatalyst. The synthesized nanocomposite material could be regarded as an effective and Pt-free electrocatalyst for practical ORR that meets the requirement of low cost, facile fabrication, and adequate stability.