bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A health promotion perspective for the control and prevention of Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis); Israel as a case study
Authors: Baron-Epel Orna , Obeid Samira , Kababya Dorit , Bord Shiran , Myers Vicki 
Published: September 2022

Background
Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) is endemic in many countries around the world, therefore, identifying what is required to control and prevent the disease is essential. The health promotion concept and five areas of action, presented in the Ottawa Charter (1986) may help understand how to go forward in the prevention of the disease. Israel serves as a case study.

Aim
To identify barriers to the control and prevention of brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) in Israel by analyzing trends in incidence in conjunction with interventions implemented over the last seven decades, applying the health promotion areas of action.

Methods
1. A document review approach was adopted to develop a list of interventions implemented in Israel to prevent and control brucellosis and identify barriers to implementation. These were analysed using the health promotion areas of action. 2. Data from the mandatory reporting of infectious diseases in Israel regarding brucellosis in humans between 1951 and 2021 are presented and analyzed in conjunction with the interventions implemented.

Results
A large range of interventions were implemented following outbreaks of the disease. These interventions followed the health promotion areas of action, including mainly: policy, education and environment and brought about a decrease in the disease among both animals and humans. However, major interventions were discontinued after a few years. In addition, we identified some areas of action that could be much improved on. The interventions, in many cases were not simultaneously implemented or coordinated, decreasing the chances of them having the expected long term impact.

Conclusions
Control and prevention of the disease in Israel is partial. Areas of action that could be improved include enforcement of regulations, strengthening community action and improving personal skills. Simultaneous and continuous implementation of the interventions may achieve the goals of sustained prevention and control. There seems to be a lack of a long-term strategy and an integrated holistic intervention approach that may contribute to the control and prevention of the disease.
The use of telehealth in the provision of after-hours palliative care services in rural and remote Australia: A scoping review
Authors: Namasivayam Pathmavathy , Bui Dung T. , Low Christine , Barnett Tony , Bridgman Heather , Marsh Pauline , Lee Simone 
Published: September 2022

Background
Accessing quality palliative care, especially at the end of life is vital in reducing physical and emotional distress and optimising quality of life. For people living in rural and remote Australia, telehealth services can be effective in providing access to after-hours palliative care.

Objective
To review and map the available evidence on the use of telehealth in providing after-hours palliative care services in rural and remote Australia.

Method
Scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. Findings are reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Embase via Ovid, Emcare via Ovid, and Medline via Ovid databases were searched. Peer-reviewed studies and grey literature published in English from 2000 to May 2021 were included.

Results
Twelve studies were included in the review. Four main themes were identified: 1) Stakeholder perceptions of service; 2) benefits to services and users; 3) service challenges; and 4) recommendations for service improvement.

Conclusion
Telehealth can connect patients and families with healthcare professionals and enable patients to continue receiving care at home. However, challenges relating to patients, service, staff skills, and experience need to be overcome to ensure the success and sustainability of this service. Improved communication and care coordination, better access to patient records, and ongoing healthcare professional education are required.

Implications
Protocols, comprehensive policy documents and standardized operating procedures to guide healthcare professionals to provide after-hours palliative care is needed. Ongoing education and training for staff is crucial in managing patients’ symptoms. Existing service gaps need to be explored and alternative models of after-hours palliative care need to be tested.
The incidence, prevalence, and contributing factors of overweight and obesity among adolescent population of India: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Jena Samanta Lopamudra , Parida Jayashree , Badamali Jagatdarshi , Pradhan Abinash , Singh Prasant Kumar , Mishra Bijaya Kumar , Patra Prasanna Kumar , Pati Sanghamitra , Kaur Harpreet , Acharya Subhendu Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Overweight and obesity among the adolescent population are emerging as worldwide epidemics. Its increasing occurrence in India is highly concerning. Amidst the burden of malnutrition, where undernutrition is a long-standing health problem, the rising concerns around childhood overweight/obesity has several repercussions for this population. The aim of this scoping review is to map the evidence of the prevalence and contributing factors of overweight and obesity among adolescents (10 to 19 years) in the Indian population.

Methods
The study will be conducted according to the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers’ manual. The Population, Concept and Context strategy (PCC) will ensure the review questions, eligibility criteria, and search strategy. The Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) will be used for the findings of the study of Scoping Review. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), Version- 2018 will be used to assess the methodological quality of all relevant studies. Literature search will be done using electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane library by specific keywords such as “prevalence”; “overweight”; “obesity”; “obese”; “malnutrition”; “BMI”; “adolescent”; “teenager”; and “youth” etc. Additional studies will be considered using cross-references.
Inadvertent QRS prolongation by an optimization device-based algorithm in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Sedláček Kamil , Polášek Rostislav , Jansová Helena , Grieco Domenico , Kučera Pavel , Kautzner Josef , Francis Darrel P. , Wichterle Dan 
Published: September 2022

Background
Device-based algorithms offer the potential for automated optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), but the process for accepting them into clinical use is currently still ad-hoc, rather than based on pre-clinical and clinical testing of specific features of validity. We investigated how the QuickOpt-guided VV delay (VVD) programming performs against the clinical and engineering heuristic of QRS complex shortening by CRT.

Methods
A prospective, 2-center study enrolled 37 consecutive patients with CRT. QRS complex duration (QRSd) was assessed during intrinsic atrioventricular conduction, synchronous biventricular pacing, and biventricular pacing with QuickOpt-proposed VVD. The measurements were done manually by electronic calipers in signal-averaged and magnified 12-lead QRS complexes.

Results
Native QRSd was 174 ± 22 ms. Biventricular pacing with empiric AVD and synchronous VVD resulted in QRSd 156 ± 20 ms, a significant narrowing from the baseline QRSd by 17 ± 27 ms, P = 0.0003. In 36 of 37 patients, the QuickOpt algorithm recommended left ventricular preexcitation with VVD of 42 ± 18 ms (median 40 ms; interquartile range 30–55 ms, P <0.00001). QRSd in biventricular pacing with QuickOpt-based VVD was significantly longer compared with synchronous biventricular pacing (168 ± 25 ms vs. 156 ± 20 ms; difference 12 ± 11ms; P <0.00001). This prolongation correlated with the absolute VVD value (R = 0.66, P <0.00001).

Conclusions
QuickOpt algorithm systematically favours a left-preexcitation VVD which translates into a significant prolongation of the QRSd compared to synchronous biventricular pacing. There is no reason to believe that a manipulation that systematically widens QRSd should be considered to optimize physiology. Device-based CRT optimization algorithms should undergo systematic mechanistic pre-clinical evaluation in various scenarios before they are tested in large clinical studies.
The clinical performance of ultra-low-dose shoulder CT scans: The assessment on image and physical 3D printing models
Authors: Lei Ming , Zhang Meng , Luo Niyuan , Ye Jingzhi , Lin Fenghuan , Chen Yanxia , Chen Jun , Xiao Mengqiang 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
Evaluation of the clinical performance of ultra-low-dose computed tomography (CT) images of the shoulder joint on image-based diagnosis and three-dimensional (3D) printing surgical planning.

Materials and methods
A total of 93 patients with displaced shoulder fractures were randomly divided into standard-dose, low-dose, and ultra-low-dose groups. Three-dimensional printing models of all patients’ shoulder joints were fabricated. The subjective image quality and 3D-printing model were evaluated by two senior orthopedic surgeons who were blinded to any scanning setting. A 3-point scale system was used to quantitatively assess the image quality and 3D printing model, where more than 2 points meant adequate level for clinical application.

Results
Compared with the standard dose protocol, ultra-low-dose technique reduced the radiation dose by 99.29% without loss of key image quality of fracture pattern. Regarding the subjective image quality, the assessment scores for groups of standard, low, and ultra-low doses were 3.00, 2.76, 2.00 points on scapula and humerus, and 3.00, 2.73, 2.44 points on clavicle. Scores of the three groups for the assessment of 3D printing models were 3.00, 2.80, 1.34 on scapula and humerus, and 3.00, 2.90, 2.06 on clavicle. In the ultra-low-dose group, 24 out of 33 (72.7%) 3D printing models of scapula and humerus received lower than 2 points of the evaluation score, while nearly 94% of the clavicle models reached the adequate level.

Conclusion
An ultra-low-dose protocol is adequate for the diagnosis of either displaced or non-displaced fractures of the shoulder joint even though minor flaws of images are present. Three-dimensional printing models of shoulder joints created from ultra-low-dose CT scans can be used for surgical planning at specific bone like the clavicle but perform insufficiently in the overall surgical planning for shoulder injuries due to the significant geometric flaws.
Quality Indicators for Capsule Endoscopy and Deep Enteroscopy
Authors: Leighton Jonathan A. , Brock Andrew S. , Semrad Carol E. , Hass David J. , Guda Nalini M. , Barkin Jodie A. , Eisen Glenn M. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Capsule endoscopy (CE) and deep enteroscopy (DE) can be useful for diagnosing and treating suspected small-bowel disease. Guidelines and detailed recommendations exist for the use of CE/DE, but comprehensive quality indicators are lacking. The goal of this task force was to develop quality indicators for appropriate use of CE/DE by using a modified RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.

METHODS:
An expert panel of 7 gastroenterologists with diverse practice experience was assembled to identify quality indicators. A literature review was conducted to develop a list of proposed quality indicators applicable to preprocedure, intraprocedure, and postprocedure periods. The panelists reviewed the literature; identified and modified proposed quality indicators; rated them on the basis of scientific evidence, validity, and necessity; and determined proposed performance targets. Agreement and consensus with the proposed indicators were verified using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.

RESULTS:
The voting procedure to prioritize metrics emphasized selecting measures to improve quality and overall patient care. Panelists rated indicators on the perceived appropriateness and necessity for clinical practice. After voting and discussion, 2 quality indicators ranked as inappropriate or uncertain were excluded. Each quality indicator was categorized by measure type, performance target, and summary of evidence. The task force identified 13 quality indicators for CE and DE.

DISCUSSION:
Comprehensive quality indicators have not existed for CE or DE. The task force identified quality indicators that can be incorporated into clinical practice. The panel also addressed existing knowledge gaps and posed research questions to better inform future research and quality guidelines for these procedures.
Who Finances Whom?
Authors: Kiss Judit 
Published: September 2022

In contrast to the highly developed countries and some developing regions, Africa highly depends on external resources of financing development. According to the saving-investment gap concept, there is a significant gap between savings and investment rates. As domestic resources are limited and their mobilization is slow, the region should rely on external sources of finance (i.e., aid, export revenues, FDI, loans, and remittances) in order to close the finance gap. Despite the massive inflow of external resources, the 200 billion USD yearly financing gap still prevails. The outflow of financial resources from Africa in the form of profit repatriations, debt service, tax dodging, capital flight and illicit financial flow exceeds the inflow, suggesting that Africa is a bottomless barrel. The long-standing concept about the saving-investment gap does not provide a full explanation for the prevailing financing gap. The main research questions are as follows: (a) Why is there a permanent financing gap in Africa? b) Why does the outflow of financial resources exceed the inflow? c) What should be done to close the financing gap and solve the problem of financing development?
The paper is structured as follows: Section 1 is based on the saving-investmentgap concept and explores the validity of this theory in Sub-Saharan Africa. The conclusion of Section 1 is that there is a permanent finance gap in SSA, consequently, the region should rely on external sources of finance. Section 2 introduces the main external sources of finance (aid, FDI and remittances) and reveals the major trends and characteristics of these flows. As the saving-investment gap is smaller than the amount of external financial inflow, two questions arise: Where does the money go? Is Africa suffering from a financial haemorrhage? Section 3 tries to identify those “leaks” which drain Africa’s accumulated domestic and external resources by analysing the main channels of financial outflows such as capital flight and illicit financial flows. In the conclusion we present the financing situation of Africa and answer the question “Who finances whom?” and make recommendations for enhancing development finance. The final conclusion is that not the external world finances Africa, but Africa finances the world. The issue of financing Africa’s development cannot be solved without (a) mobilizing domestic resources (including domestic savings), (b) attracting external resources as well as improving the use and avoiding the misuse of inflowing financial resources, and (c) curbing capital flight and tackling illicit financial outflow.
Én vezessek, te vezetsz vagy önvezet? – az önvezetőjármű-elfogadás öt perszóna típusa Magyarországon
Authors: Nagy Barbara , Prónay Szabolcs , Lukovics Miklós 
Published: September 2022

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

Az önvezető járművek technológiai fejlesztői világszerte már több száz város közútjain folytatnak utcai teszteket. Az önvezető technológia közelsége egyre erőteljesebben kelti fel a társadalomtudósok érdeklődését, melynek köszönhetően egyre többet tudunk a fogyasztók önvezetőtechnológia-elfogadásáról. Ezen kutatások többsége a teljes alapsokaságra, nem pedig annak egyes részeire fogalmaz meg állításokat, továbbá a relatíve kis számú szegmentálás jórészt fejlett országokra készült. Kevés információval rendelkezünk ezáltal arról, hogy az önvezető járművekről azonosított technológia elfogadási attitűdök milyen szegmentumok mentén rendeződnek Magyarországon, ezáltal az egyes szegmentumok jellemzőit is csak korlátozottan ismerjük, ami negatív hatással lehet a technológia elterjedésére. Kutatásunk célja, hogy a magyar fogyasztókat az önvezető járművekkel kapcsolatos attitűdjük alapján homogén csoportokba sorolja, valamint hogy megadja ezen csoportok legfőbb jellemzőit.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

Kutatásunk során többváltozós adatelemzési módszereket alkalmaztunk: az 517 elemű mintán elvégzett kérdőíves felmérésünk eredményeit faktoranalízis majd klaszteranalízis segítségével bontottuk egymástól szignifikánsan különböző csoportokba. Ezt követően kereszttábla elemzések segítségével azonosítottuk az egyes szegmentumok főbb jellemzőit.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

Az önvezető járművekkel kapcsolatos attitűd szempontjából ötféle szegmentumot határoltunk le: i) hagyománykedvelő elutasítók, ii) nyitott kalandvágyók, iii) bizonytalan optimisták, iv) bizalmatlan kételkedők, v) tartózkodó megfigyelők. További fontos eredményünk, hogy ezen szegmentumok legfontosabb jellemzőit is meghatároztuk így számukra célzott kommunikációt lehet megvalósítani.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

Kutatásunkkal arra szeretnénk felhívni a figyelmet, hogy az önvezető járművek piacán a kiemelten fontos a szegmentálás. Az innovációk elterjedése ugyanis egy kommunikációs folyamatnak is tekinthető: a megfelelő csatornákon eljuttatott megfelelő információk elősegíthetik a technológia megértését és elfogadását. Ez azonban csak akkor valósítható meg hatékonyan, ha a fogyasztókat szegmentáljuk és megismerjük az egyes szegmensek jellemzőit és igényeit, melyekre illesztve személyre szabott kommunikációs stratégia mentén erősíthető a technológia elfogadás. Eredményeinkkel közös gondolkodásra invitáljuk a marketing szakmát annak érdekében, hogy a mindannyiunk jövőjét érintő technológiai robbanás a marketing eszköztár segítségével a lehető legnagyobb mértékben szolgálhassa a társadalmi jólétet.
Active Vision in Sight Recovery Individuals with a History of Long-Lasting Congenital Blindness
Authors: Ossandón José P. , Zerr Paul , Shareef Idris , Kekunnaya Ramesh , Röder Brigitte 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhat we see is intimately linked to how we actively and systematically explore the world through eye movements. However, it is unknown to what degree visual experience during early development is necessary for such systematic visual exploration to emerge. The present study investigated visual exploration behavior in 10 human participants whose sight had been restored only in childhood or adulthood, after a period of congenital blindness because of dense bilateral congenital cataracts. Participants freely explored real-world images while their eye movements were recorded. Despite severe residual visual impairments and gaze instability (nystagmus), visual exploration patterns were preserved in individuals with reversed congenital cataract. Modeling analyses indicated that, similar to healthy control subjects, visual exploration in individuals with reversed congenital cataract was based on the low-level (luminance contrast) and high-level (object components) visual content of the images. Moreover, participants used visual short-term memory representations for narrowing down the exploration space. More systematic visual exploration in individuals with reversed congenital cataract was associated with better object recognition, suggesting that active vision might be a driving force for visual system development and recovery. The present results argue against a sensitive period for the development of neural mechanisms associated with visual exploration.
Davranışsal iktisat perspektifinden güven ve karşılıklılık oyunu: Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisat Bölümü örneği
Authors: BOZOĞLAN Bedrettin , GÜLPINAR DEMİRCİ Vildan 
Published: September 2022

Güven ve karşılıklılık, bir yatırım oyunu ile davranışsal iktisat literatüründe sıklıkla ele alınan kavramlar haline gelmiştir. Güven oyunu, ekonomik çıkarların ön planda tutulmasının beklendiği bir ortamda, kişilerarası etkileşimlerde bireysel güvenme ve karşılıklılık davranışlarını araştırmak için kullanılır. Güven, yol gösteren davranışsal bir içgüdü olarak ele alınırken karşılıklılık, dostça eylemlere yanıt olarak, insanların genellikle kişisel çıkar modelinin öngördüğünden çok daha iyi ve iş birliği içinde olmaları anlamına gelir. Bu araştırmada, güven oyunu deneyi, Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisat bölümünden 60 öğrencinin katılımıyla tekrarlanmış ve sonuçlar En Küçük Kareler (EKK) yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda kişisel çıkar öngörüsünden ziyade, güven ve karşılıklılık prensibinin geçerli olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuçlar literatürün büyük bölümünde elde edilen sonuçlarla paralellik göstermektedir. Araştırma kapsamında bireylerin psikolojik durumlarının güven tutumlarını etkilediği yönündeki literatür dikkate alınarak, katılımcıların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri de incelenmiştir. Sonuçta güven düzeyini temsil etmek üzere gönderilen tutar ile anksiyete arasında %14,8, depresyon arasında ise %18,8’lik negatif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın, bireylerin ekonomik davranışlarında psikolojik durumlarının da dikkate alınması açısından literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
The Insight into Obstetric Care near the Front Line in Kharkiv
Authors: Lakhno Igor 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The invasion of Russian troops into independent Ukraine has changed the humanitarian situation in the Kharkiv region. The paper is focused on the peculiarities and issues of the management of labor and delivery near the front line.Materials and methods: Totally 2030 patients were enrolled in the study. 1410 women who delivered in the second half of 2021 were enrolled in Group I. 620 women who delivered in the first half of 2022 were observed in Group II. Some patients from Group II were used for the investigation of the comparative situation during first months of 2022. 85 women who delivered in January were included in Subgroup IIA. 94 women who have completed their pregnancies and delivered in February were observed in Subgroup IIB. 67 case histories of deliveries which occurred during March were united in Subgroup Group IIC.Results: The level of anemia, uterine contractile activity in labor abnormalities, and episiotomies were surprisingly lower during wartime in March. The obtained results showed an almost similar level of obstetric complications, maternal comorbidities, and interventions during labor and delivery in all groups. The stressed environment was a possible reason for the elevation of cardiovascular disease and endocrine disorders.Conclusion: The study did not reveal any significant changes in the structure of maternal pathologies and obstetric complications during the first months of wartime near the front line. But later the levels of cardiovascular disease and endocrine disorders were found to be elevated.