bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of intrinsic and extrinsic defects in p-type Si wafers with different carrier concentrations on the structural, thermal, and electrical properties
Authors: Martinez-Hernandez Harol D. , Martinez-Munoz Porfirio E. , Ramirez-Gutierrez Cristian F. , Martinez-Ascencio Eduardo U. , Millán-Malo Beatriz , Rodriguez-Garcia Mario E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In monocrystalline semiconductor materials, their structural properties govern thermal and electrical ones. Here, the effect of defects induced by intrinsic and extrinsic parameters on the structural, thermal, and electrical properties during manufacturing processes and samples preparation in p-type Si wafers with different carrier concentrations was investigated. Photocarrier images in a Si wafer 0.005 Ω·cm showed that Boron carrier distribution exhibit variation across wafer. The Hall effect measurements in cut and polished samples delivered structural damages affecting the carrier lifetime. The crystalline quality obtained by studying the FWHM of the X-Ray patterns elucidated the effect of intrinsic carrier contribution on the structural properties. Thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of the cut samples exhibit a decrease as carrier concentration increases being affected by the crystal damage. Thermal and electrical properties are governed by structure state determined by intrinsic and extrinsic parameters.
Profiles and Predictive Value of Cytokines in Children with Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia
Authors: Wen-qing Xiang , Li Lin , Wang bing-han , Ali Ahmed Faisal , Li Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important cause of respiratory tract infections in young children. To evaluate the predicitive value of Th1/Th2 cytokines which include IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ and TNF-α in pneumonia caused by HMPV. Methods: A retrospective study was performed among 59 pneumonia pediatric patients with HMPV infection and 33 healthy children as the control cohort, which was detected by the immunofluorescence assay, and the Th1/Th2 cytokines were measured by flow cytometry. Results: When compared with the healthy children, children who were infected with HMPV pneumonia had a significantly lower level of IL-2 (p<0.001) and higher levels of IL-4 ((p<0.001), IL-6 (p=0.001), IL-10 (p<0.001), and IFN-γ (p<0.001). Compared with patients diagnosed with influenza virus A (IVA) or influenza virus B (IVB) infections, HMPV-positive patients had significantly higher levels of IL-4 (p<0.001 and <0.001), IFN-γ (p<0.001 and <0.001), and TNF-α (p<0.001 and 0.016). Moreover, compared with IVA patients, HMPV-positive patients had a significantly lower level of IL-6 (p=0.033). Finally, when comparing cytokine levels among the patients with HMPV pneumonia, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were found to be significantly higher in the severe group than the mild group (p=0.027 and 0.049). The IL-6 and TNF-α were used to differentiate between mild and severe symptoms in children diagnosed with HMPV pneumonia with an AUC of 0.678 (95% CI, 0.526-0.829) and 0.658 (95% CI, 0.506-0.809), respectively.Conclusions: Our study indicates that IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ may be a reference for auxiliary diagnose HMPV pneumonia in children. IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ may serve as biomarkers to distinguish HMPV from IVA and IVB, whereas IL-6 may be able to differentiate between HMPV and IVA. IL-6 and TNF-α may be used to assessment of severity and prognosis of HMPV infection.
Determination of Critical Concentration for Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against Para-Aminosalicylic Acid with clinical isolates with thyA, folC and dfrA mutations
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Shanshan , Ge Qiping , Guo Haiping , Shang Yuanyuan , Ren Weicong , Wang Yufeng , Xue Zhongtan , Lu Jie , Pang Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background & ObjectivesAccurate determination of antimicrobial resistance profiles is of great importance to formulate optimal regimens against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Although para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) has been widely used clinically, the reliable testing methods for PAS susceptibility were not established. Herein, we aimed to establish critical test concentration for PAS on the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 in our laboratory settings. MethodsA total of 102 clinical isolates were included in this study, including 82 wild-type and 20 resistotype isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by MGIT 960. Whole-genome sequencing was used to identify the mutation patterns potentially conferring PAS resistance. Sequence alignment and structure modelling were carried out to analyze potential drug-resistant mechanism of folC mutant.ResultsOverall, the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distribution demonstrated excellent separation between wild-type and resistotype isolates. The wild-type population were all at least 1 dilution below 4 μg/ml, and the resistotype population were no lower than 4 μg/ml, indicating that 4 μg/ml was appropriate critical concentration to separate these two populations. Of 20 mutant isolates, 12 (60.0%) harbored thyA mutations, 2 (10%) had a mutation on upstream of dfrA, and the remaining isolates had folC mutations. Overall, thyA and folC mutations were scattered throughout the whole gene without any one mutation predominating. All mutations within thyA resulted in high-level resistance to PAS (MIC >32μg/ml); whereas the MICs of isolates with folC mutations exhibited great diversity, ranged from 4 to ＞32 μg/ml, and sequence and structure analysis partially provided the possible reasons for this diversity. ConclusionsWe propose 4 μg/ml as tentative critical concentration for MGIT 960. The major mechanism of PAS resistance is mutations within thyA and folC in MTB isolations. The whole-gene deletion of thyA locus confers high-level resistance to PAS. The diversity of many distinct mutations scattered throughout the full-length folC gene challenges the PCR-based mutation analysis for PAS susceptibility.
GoMIC: Multi-view Image Clustering via Self-supervised Contrastive Heterogeneous Graph Co-learning
Authors: Fang Uno , Li Jianxin , Akhtar Naveed , Li Man , Jia Yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Graph learning is being increasingly applied to image clustering to reveal intra-class and inter-class relationships in data. However, existing graph learning-based image clustering focuses on grouping images under a single view, which under-utilises the information provided by the data. To address that, we propose a self-supervised multi-view image clustering technique under contrastive heterogeneous graph learning. Our method computes a heterogeneous affinity graph for multi-view image data. It conducts Local Feature Propagation (LFP) for reasoning over the local neighbourhood of each node and executes an Influence-aware Feature Propagation (IFP) from each node to its influential node for learning the clustering intention. The proposed framework pioneeringly employs two contrastive objectives. The first targets to contrast and fuse multiple views for the overall LFP embedding, and the second maximises the mutual information between LFP and IFP representations. We conduct extensive experiments on the benchmark datasets for the problem, i.e. COIL-20, Caltech7 and CASIA-WebFace. Our evaluation shows that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, including the popular techniques MVGL, MCGC and HeCo.
Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Psychological Wellbeing of Refugees in Africa.
Authors: Kalyegira Juma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is limited psychological literature about refugees in sub-Saharan Africa. Using a qualitative study approach, this study sought to answer the question “What factors influence the psychological well-being/frustration of refugees, and Ugandan nationals/host community?” Data was collected through 9 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with N = 54 participants (5 FGDs refugees and 4 FGDs Ugandans), with 6 participants in each FGD. They included males and females with Adults, youth, and school-going adolescents. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data. The FGDs, frequently reported on what contributed to their psychological well-being/frustration. These included food availability, family separations and death, good security in the refugee camp, provision of health services, access to free education, the role of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS), unfavorable farmland, availability of employment and income-generating activities, collaboration and peer support and delayed resettlement within or outside Uganda. Recommendations are made to provide community-based psychological interventions to increase self-reliance and reduce dependence on the few highly skilled MHPSS providers, setting up more youth collaboration activities to strengthen peaceful co-existence among refugees themselves and also between refugees and host community, designing and implementing sensitization programs regarding resettlement to overcome the aspect of over expectations and anxieties due to delay or failure in successful resettlement. This study contributes to the literature on refugees’ specific current concerns as well as those of the host community., which may require specific interventions to refugees’/nationals’ challenges.
Characterization and Estimation of Diversity of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Genotypes Based on Qualitative Morphological Traits.
Authors: Tesfa Melaku , Tena Esayas , Kebede Mulugeta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An accurate and extensive study of the qualitative morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes would allow their identification, conservation and utilization in the sugarcane breeding program. The objectives of the study were to characterize and estimate the morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes using qualitative traits. Data collected for 16 qualitative characters were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis to assess the overall patterns of morphological variation. Shannon diversity index (H′) was calculated to estimate morphological diversity. The result indicated that the qualitative traits revealed high variability among 144 sugarcane genotypes. The most polymorphic character with the highest Shannon diversity index (H′) was stalk corky patchs. The H′ averaged across all countries for different characters was found to vary from 0.50 to 0.76 with an average of 0.61. The H′ pooled across characters by country of collection ranged from 0.00 to 0.83, with a general average of 0.62. Multivariate cluster analysis has grouped the genotypes into four distinct clusters based on the relatedness and variation for all considered characters. Genotypes with close genetic relationships are grouped in a single cluster. The clustering pattern of the genotypes elucidated that genotypes originating from the same geographic locations did not form a single cluster. This shows that geographic diversity has not associated with genetic diversity, which may be due to the continuous exchange of genetic material among countries. Finally, we concluded that the qualitative morphological traits evaluated in this study could be used for varietal identification, maintaining genetic diversity and managing sugarcane germplasm.
Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vitoratou Dimitra-Irinna , Milas Gerasimos-Panagiotis , Korovessi Paraskevi , Kostaridou Stavroula , Koletsi Patra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose Obesity has been recently identified as a predisposing factor for worse prognosis in viral illnesses such as SARS-CoV-2, however, its role in children with influenza is not yet clarified. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess whether obesity is a risk factor for either hospitalization or worse prognosis when hospitalized among children infected by influenza. Methods We systematically searched the following databases: MEDLINE, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) using a structured algorithm. Statistical meta-analysis was performed using the ‘meta’ package in R software and included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. ResultsAmong children with influenza, obesity increased the odds of hospitalization with a pooled OR of 1.89 (95% CI [1.23, 2.9], I2=0, p=0.003). When hospitalized, children with obesity were also more likely to have a worse outcome than their healthy-weight counterparts, with a pooled OR of 1.24 (95% Cl [1.02;1.51], I2=11, p=0.03). In an effort to lower heterogeneity Leave-one-out meta-analysis was conducted. Publication bias was assessed with the visual inspection of funnel plots and the trim-and-fill method. Certainty assessment was evaluated using the GRADE score. ConclusionsThe findings of our meta-analysis suggest that obesity in children with influenza is associated with a worse prognosis; both hospitalization and ICU admission/death. //
Improved growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme and gut microbes in Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings fed with mannan oligosaccharide
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Sardar P. , Sahu N. P. , Nazeemashahul Shamna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on the growth, body composition, digestive enzyme and gut microbes in Cirrhinus mrigala also known as Cirrhinus cirrhosus fingerlings. Random distribution of 180 acclimatized fingerlings of mrigal with avg. body weight of 3.1 ± 0.05 g were made in triplicate with stocking of 15 fish per tank for four experimental groups such as control, 0.2% MOS, 0.4% MOS, and 0.6% MOS, using completely randomized design (CRD) for a period of 60 days. The results revealed that significantly higher growth in terms of weight gain%, SGR, FCR, FER and PER was found in the group fed 0.6% MOS as compared to control. Significant difference (p < 0.05) observed for body composition and digestive enzyme activity in among the treatments groups. Evaluation of autochthonous intestinal microbiota revealed that the total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) counts and bacillus counts increased in all MOS fed was detected to increase in 0.6% MOS fed group. The study showed improved nutrient utilization in terms of growth performance and digestive enzyme activity in the group fed with 0.6% MOS, which can be recommended as an ideal prebiotic in the diet of mrigal.
Local Stability Analysis of epidemic models using a Corollary of Gershgorin’s Circle Theorem
Authors: Adom-Konadu Agnes , Sackitey Albert Lanor , Anokye Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The techniques and methods that help to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions to determine the local stability of linearized systems are paramount. In this paper, a corollary of the Gershgorin’s circle theorem was used to establish the local stability of different epidemic models with three or more states including, a Tuberculosis model, an SEIRS model, vector-host model and a-Staged HIV/AIDS Model. It was observed that no matter the state or the dimension of the system or matrix, this corollary can be used to analyse the local stability for both disease-free and endemic equilibria, by establishing that when R0 < 1, the Jacobian matrix evaluated at the disease free equilibrium will have negative eigenvalues or negative real part eigenvalues. Thus, the disease-free equilibrium is stable but when R0 > 1, the Jacobian matrix evaluated at the endemic equilibrium will have negative eigenvalues or negative real part eigenvalues making the endemic equilibrium is stable.
Suprachoroidal triamcinolone versus Posterior subtenon triamcinolone either alone or formulated in the management of diabetic macular edema.
Authors: Tharwat Ehab , Ahmed Riad Elzaher Hassan , Eltantawy Basheer , Ezzeldin Ezzeldin Ramadan , Elgazzar Akram Fekry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose to compare Posterior Subtenon Triamcinolone acetonide (PSTA) injection either formulated or alone versus suprachoroidal triamcinolone in the management of diabetic macular edema.Methods This study is a prospective interventional study included 75 patients, divided into three groups, each group 25 patients. Group I received a combination of Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) (40 mg) and VISCOAT, which a combination of sodium chondroitin sulfate (20 mg) and sodium hyaluronate (15 mg). The injection was done in the posterior subtenon space using NAGATA canula. Group II received TA (40 mg) in the posterior subtenon space. Group III underwent injection of 4 mg/100µl of TA in the supra choroidal space.Results We found a statistically significant difference between the three studied groups as regarding to BCVA and CMT at six months postoperative with highest median BCVA and lowest median CMT was observed in the formulated TA group. Conclusion We concluded that early treatment of DME by formulated TA is better than TA alone, and suprachoroidal TA in the form of increasing the BCVA and decreasing the CMT without any elevation of IOP.Trial registration number NCT05464953Date of registration 17/7/2022 (retrospectively registered)
Efficacy of high intensity home mechanical stretch therapy for treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Stinton Shaun , Beckley Samantha , Salamani Alicia , Dietz Devinne , Branch Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a common cause of shoulder motion loss that can be difficult to treat. Surgical intervention is often necessary when conservative methods fail. High intensity stretch (HIS) treatment may be able to provide increased motion gains while avoiding the cost and complications of surgery.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review data from patients who were prescribed a HIS device to recover their shoulder motion to determine the efficacy of the device. The hypotheses were that patients would achieve significant ROM gains and that ROM would increase to a level at which patients would be able to avoid a motion loss surgery and perform activities of daily living.Methods: Clinical notes were reviewed for patients whose progress plateaued after 4 weeks of therapy and were subsequently prescribed the HIS device after failing to meet their treatment goals. ROM data were recorded for external rotation, abduction, forward flexion, and internal rotation. Pre- and post-treatment ROM data were compared using t-tests.Results: Significant ROM gains were seen in all planes of motion (p<0.001). Patients gained an average of 29.9° in external rotation with a last recorded rotation of 59.2°. In abduction, patients gained 40.5° with a last recorded abduction of 123.3°. In forward flexion, patients gained 30.3° with a last recorded flexion of 138.7°. In internal rotation, patients gained 15.2° with a last recorded rotation of 57.6°. These last recorded ranges of motion were sufficient to perform nearly all activities of daily living.Conclusions: The HIS device was effective in treating patients with shoulder motion loss as demonstrated by the significant ROM gains in all planes of motion. The ability for a patient to recover lost motion quickly without surgery is of great value to quality of life and in healthcare cost savings. We believe this high-intensity stretch device should be considered for use by patients who are at risk for a motion loss surgery.
A novel multi-application offloading method formobile intelligent vehicles in a cloud-edge hybridenvironment
Authors: Xu Xifeng , Xia Yunni , Zeng Feng , Li Fan , Xie Hong , Fu Xiaodong , Wang Mengdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the increasing demand for real-time computing services in the Internet ofVehicles(IoV) and the inability to meet the latency requirements of IoVapplications by using cloud computing, multi-access edge computing(MEC) isconsidered a promising paradigm to address the latency-sensitive andcomputation-intensive requirements for meeting IoV applications. We considerthe dependencies in IoV applications and design a hybrid cloud-edge architectureto ensure adaptability and flexibility. We propose a scheduling algorithm thatoffloads tasks to the eNode or cloud for execution after sorting them by urgency.Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms existing algorithms interms of average completion time, average waiting time, and in-time completionrate of the application, which can provide a better quality of service(QoS) for IoV.
Cardiac Uptake of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles after Intramyocardial or Intravenous Injection in Murine Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xu Cynthia Marie , Sabe Sharif A. , Brinck-Teixeira Rayane , Sabra Mohamed , Sellke Frank W. , Abid M. Ruhul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: In animal models, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV) have beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease (CVD) only when administered via intramyocardial injection. The biodistribution of either intravenous (IV) or intramyocardial injection of MSC-EV in the presence of myocardial injury is unknown. Methods: MSC-EV were isolated and labeled with DiD lipid dye. FVB mice underwent left coronary artery ligation followed by either peri-infarct intramyocardial or IV injection of 3*106 or 2*109 particles of DiD-labeled MSC-EV or a DiD-saline control. The heart, lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys were harvested 2 hours post-injection and were submitted for fluorescent molecular tomography imaging. Results: Myocardial uptake of MSC-EV was only visualized after intramyocardial injection of 2*109 MSC-EV particles (p = 0.01), and was not detected after IV injection of MSC-EV (p > 0.9), compared to controls. There was no significantly detectable MSC-EV uptake in other organs after intramyocardial injection. After IV injection of 2*109 particles of MSC-EV, the liver (p = 0.02) and spleen (p = 0.04) appeared to have MSC-EV uptake. Conclusions: This study confirms the role for intramyocardial injection in maximal and effective delivery of MSC-EV. Our ongoing studies aimed at developing bioengineered MSC-EV for targeted delivery to the heart may render MSC-EV clinically applicable for CVD.
Survival analysis of adult midline-located gliomas: Does the H3K27 alteration in adult midline- located gliomas actually indicate a poor prognosis?
Authors: Jung In-Ho , Yoo Jihwan , Park Hun Ho , Lim Jaejoon , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Kang Seok-Gu , Kim Se Hoon , Chang Jong Hee 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) have been studied extensively, and midline-located gliomas (MGs) with H3K27 alterations in children have been shown to have a poor prognosis, few researchers have assessed adult DMGs. We aimed to identify factors affecting the prognosis of adult MGs. This was the first study to investigate the prognosis of adult DMGs according to histological grade and was the largest study to investigate the survival of adult patients with DMGs.
Methods
We reviewed the charts of adult patients diagnosed with MG after undergoing resection or biopsy at our institution between 2010 and 2020. The Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test was used for univariate survival analysis, and the Cox regression proportional hazard model was used for multivariate survival analysis.
Results
Among the 125 adult MGs identified, 45 (36.0%) showed H3K27 alterations. The survival analysis performed on 125 adult MGs indicated that a low histological grade, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) ≥ 80, and age ≤ 60 years were associated with significantly better survival. After adjusting for age, the difference in survival between the H3K27-alteration and wildtype groups was not significant. In the survival analysis of 45 patients with DMG, low histological grade, KPS ≥ 80, total resection, and concurrent chemoradiation therapy were associated with significantly better survival.
Conclusion
Adult MGs did not show a poor prognosis due to H3K27 alterations, unlike pediatric cases. The prognosis of adult MGs is based on the histological grade, age, KPS, adjuvant treatment, and extent of tumor resection.