bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Future of Pediatric Surgery—Women and Part Time?
Authors: Schmedding Andrea , Sinnig Mechthild 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Working conditions are changing rapidly in medicine. We analyzed the actual work situation and future plans in the next 5 years and in the long term.
Materials and Methods A survey among the members of the German Society of Pediatric Surgery was performed asking how and where physicians work now and how and where they want to work in the future.
Results Five hundred twelve questionnaires were sent out, and 195 colleagues answered the questionnaire (99 women, 94 men, and 2 of unknown gender). Among them, 27% were trainees, 16% were fully trained pediatric surgeons, 6% were senior physicians, and 50% were consultants, while 66% worked full time, 25% worked part time, and 8% did not work in pediatric surgery. In the future, 49% of consultants and 24% of the trainees wanted to work part time. Among the 73 participants who wanted to become a department head, 33% of them also wanted to work part time.
Conclusion Pediatric surgery is changing toward a discipline with many female doctors and people working part time. Leaders in pediatric surgery should be aware of this development to adapt their working conditions to reality.
Study of t-ZrO2: Eu3+nanophosphor obtained by laser vaporisation using a cw CO2laser
Authors: Kostyukov A.I. , Nashivochnikov A.A. , Snytnikov Vl.N. , Rakhmanova M.I. , Snytnikov V.N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZrO2: Eu3+nanophosphor has been fabricated by vaporisation of a ceramic target of specified composition using a CO2laser, with subsequent vapour condensation in an argon flow. Nanoparticles with spherical morphology have been synthesised at a pressure of 0.1 atm. Thet-ZrO2phase is found to be dominant (98 %). According to the transmission electron microscopy data, the nanoparticle size is 10 ± 4 nm. The luminescence properties of fabricated nanoparticles have been studied. It is shown that the strong red luminescence of the samples is mainly due to the bands peaking at 591 and 606 nm, which are related, respectively, to the5D0→7F1and5D0→7F2transitions of Eu3+ion in thet-ZrO2structure. It is shown also that europium is uniformly distributed over the ZrO2matrix during laser synthesis. A comparative study of thet-ZrO2: Eu3+nanophosphor and the initial coarse-grained target has been performed. It is concluded that the proposed method of laser vaporisation is promising for synthesisingt-ZrO2-based nanophosphors.
Vertical stacks of pulsed (100 ns) mesa-stripe semiconductor lasers with an ultra-wide (800 μm) aperture emitting kilowatt-level peak power at a wavelength of 1060 nm
Authors: Slipchenko S.O. , Podoskin A.A. , Veselov D.A. , Efremov L.S. , Zolotarev V.V. , Kazakova A.E. , Kop’ev P.S. , Pikhtin N.A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A pulsed source of radiation in the spectral region of 1060 nm with a kilowatt level peak output power is developed based on a vertical stack of microbars of stripe semiconductor lasers with an ultra-wide (800 μm) aperture. The laser stack contains three microbars with three emitters each, which ensures an emitting area of 2.6 × 0.4 mm. The highest radiative efficiency of the stack is 2.48 W A−1. The maximum achieved peak power reached 1400 W under pumping by current pulses with an amplitude of 650 A and a duration of 100 ns and is limited by the current source capacity.
Synchrotron radiation from a cluster plasma in a circularly polarised laser field
Authors: Andreev A.A. , Platonov K.Yu. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An analytical model is developed for the generation of synchrotron radiation from a laser cluster plasma in the focal waist of an ultra-intense short circularly polarised laser pulse. The rotation of relativistic electrons around the ionised core of the cluster with a radius of rotation smaller than the laser wavelength leads to intense synchrotron radiation in the direction transverse to the laser wave vector. The parameters of the cluster plasma and laser pulse are determined at which, due to the small radius of curvature of the electron trajectory of the cluster shell, the intensity of synchrotron radiation exceeds the intensity of betatron radiation of the electron flux in the longitudinal (along the wave vector) direction.
What predicts community members’ intentions to take action to protect koalas?
Authors: Fielding Kelly , Lunney Dan , Rhodes Jonathan , Goldingay Ross , Hetherington Scott , Brace Angie , Vass Lorraine , Hopkins Marama , Swankie Linda , Garofano Nicole , Goulding William , McAlpine Clive 
Published: February 2022

Context Without urgent action, koalas could be extinct in New South Wales (NSW), Australia by 2050. Despite the key role that community members could play in koala protection, we know little about what might motivate them to engage in these actions. Aims This study surveyed residents (n = 585) of local government areas of far north east NSW to identify demographic and social-psychological factors associated with likelihood of engaging in actions that could help to protect koalas. Methods A survey using a multi-pronged recruitment process was administered to relevant participants. Key results Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the likelihood of joining a community conservation group was greater in the Byron shire and for those with a stronger environmental identity, more positive attitudes toward koalas and who perceived that others who are important to them take action to protect koalas. Byron residents, those with a stronger environmental identity and those with more knowledge about koalas were also more likely to advocate government for koala protection. Positive attitudes towards koalas and perceptions that others who are important to them take action to protect koalas significantly predicted likelihood of restoring native vegetation on respondents’ properties. Gender emerged as the only significant predictor of likelihood of joining council conservation initiatives. Conclusions These findings provide insights that could help guide the efforts of government and non-government agencies in engaging community members with koala protection. Implications This study identified which factors to target when focusing on koala protection behaviours, and can be used to help guide efforts to build community support for koala protection actions.
Interrelationships between amphiregulin, kisspeptin, FSH and FSH receptor in promotion of human ovarian cell functions
Authors: Fabová Zuzana , Loncová Barbora , Mlynček Miloš , Sirotkin Alexander V. 
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate: (1) the ability of granulosa cells to produce amphiregulin (AREG), kisspeptin (KISS) and FSH receptor (FSHR); (2) the role of AREG and KISS in the control of ovarian functions; (3) the effect of FSH and KISS on AREG; and (4) the ability of KISS to affect FSHR and to modify FSH action on AREG output by human ovarian granulosa cells. We examined: (1) time-dependent accumulation of AREG; (2) effects of AREG (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL) and KISS (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL) on granulosa cell functions; and (3) the effects of KISS (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL), FSH (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL), and their combinations on AREG release. Viability, markers of proliferation [accumulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) cyclin B1 and sodium 3′-[1-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy6-nitro)benzene sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT formazan)] and apoptosis (accumulation of bax, caspase 3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling), accumulation of KISS, FSHR and steroid hormones, and AREG release were analysed by Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, XTT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AREG promoted cell viability, proliferation and steroid hormone output, and inhibited apoptosis. KISS (1 and 10 ng/mL) stimulated viability, proliferation, steroid hormone release and occurrence of FSHR and suppressed apoptosis and AREG output; KISS (100 ng/mL) had the opposite effect. FSH stimulated AREG release, whilst addition of KISS reversed this FSH effect. FSH mimicked and promoted the inhibitory effect of KISS on AREG release. These results suggest an intra-ovarian production and a functional interrelationship between AREG, KISS, FSH and FSHR in direct regulation of basic ovarian cell functions.
Arabidopsis
TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 12 ortholog NOBIRO6 controls root elongation with unfolded protein response cofactor activity
Authors: Kim June-Sik , Sakamoto Yuki , Takahashi Fuminori , Shibata Michitaro , Urano Kaoru , Matsunaga Sachihiro , Yamaguchi-Shinozaki Kazuko , Shinozaki Kazuo 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Living organisms continuously rebalance their growth and defense/tolerance machineries upon environmental perturbation and energy limitation, which appear as trade-offs. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a supposed underlying machinery for those trade-offs, responding to a broad spectrum of stress categories and modulating the fundamental growth in both animal and plant systems. We here report the incorporation of general transcription factor NOBIRO6/TAF12b into the UPR-mediated plant root growth control. This indicates that the gene regulation by UPR itself is a key to elucidate the growth trade-offs. Given previously reported roles of NOBIRO6/TAF12b in the signaling of two phytohormones, cytokinin and ethylene, our report proposes how multichannel signals interactively shape plants to survive and thrive in the wild.
¿Qué che femos con el che?
Authors: Vares González Elena , Lorenzo Guillermo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the pervasive use in Asturian Galician of a clitic token formally identical to the second person singular dative, albeit with different conditions of use and subject to very different placement restrictions. We claim that such item incorporates a ‘clusivity’ feature as an extension of the second person, compatible with its modal meaning, and that it benefits from the underspecification of the vocabulary item that also materializes the dative. We also claim that it belongs to a class different to ‘determiner-type’ clitics and ‘agreement-type’ clitics, which we deem ‘other-type.’ Despite its specificities, the chapter shows that it is not, however, a peripheric unit, inasmuch as its behavior is fully consistent with UG dictums.
Intonational form and speaker belief in Mieres Asturian polar questions
Authors: García-Fernández Eduardo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Speakers can use distinct intonation contours in polar questions to convey information about ‘degree of commitment.’ The present study analyzes the intonational variation in Mieres Asturian polar questions and explores whether speakers encode information about their belief states intonationally. A production experiment was designed to elicit polar questions, and the results uncovered three main intonational patterns, namely H+L* L%, H* L%, and L* L%. The data show that, while H+L* L% is used as a canonical or ‘default’ PQ-marking tune and does not encode any information about speaker belief states, H* L% and L* L% are epistemically specified, expressing a positive epistemic bias towards the proposition, and a state of disbelief on the part of the speaker, respectively.
How alternatives are created
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte , Jacob Daniel , Konieczny Lars 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Standard theories of focus expressed by cleft structures,
for instance (Beaver & Clark
2008; Krifka
2007), assume that the motivation for the use of focus is
discourse relevance: focus establishes an
answer to the question under discussion (Roberts 2004: 216). This
account, however, lacks a theory of how alternative sets are
generated in real discourse. We present a study in the
non-cumulative self-paced reading moving-window paradigm that
tackles this problem by measuring how manipulating the context
preceding German es-clefts influences alternative
generation. Our results illustrate the interplay between discourse
relevance and individual relevance in this process, in that cleft
sentences only receive a contrastive focal reading in contexts where
the readers are in a position to previously generate an alternative
set.
Odorant binding proteins from Hermetia illucens: potential sensing elements for detecting volatile aldehydes involved in early stages of organic decomposition
Authors: Nardiello Marisa , Scieuzo Carmen , Salvia Rosanna , Farina Donatella , Franco Antonio , Cammack Jonathan A , Tomberlin Jeffrey K , Falabella Patrizia , Persaud Krishna C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Organic decomposition processes, involving the breakdown of complex molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, release small chemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), smelly even at very low concentrations, but not all readily detectable by vertebrates. Many of these compounds are instead detected by insects, mostly by saprophytic species, for which long-range orientation towards organic decomposition matter is crucial. In the present work the detection of aldehydes, as an important measure of lipid oxidation, has been possible exploiting the molecular machinery underlying odour recognition in Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). This voracious scavenger insect is of interest due to its outstanding capacity in bioconversion of organic waste, colonizing very diverse environments due to the ability of sensing a wide range of chemical compounds that influence the choice of substrates for ovideposition. A variety of soluble odorant binding proteins (OBPs) that may function as carriers of hydrophobic molecules from the air-water interface in the antenna of the insect to the receptors were identified, characterised and expressed. An OBP-based nanobiosensor prototype was realized using selected OBPs as sensing layers for the development of an array of quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) for vapour phase detection of selected compounds at room temperature. QCMs coated with four recombinant H. illucens OBPs (HillOBPs) were exposed to a wide range of VOCs indicative of organic decomposition, showing a high sensitivity for the detection of three chemical compounds belonging to the class of aldehydes and one short-chain fatty acid. The possibility of using biomolecules capable of binding small ligands as reversible gas sensors has been confirmed, greatly expanding the state-of the-art in gas sensing technology.
Topological thermal Hall effect and magnonic edge states in kagome ferromagnets with bond anisotropy
Authors: Zhuo Fengjun , Li Hang , Manchon Aurélien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The magnon band topology due to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) and its relevant topological thermal Hall effect has been extensively studied in kagome lattice magnets. In this theoretical investigation, we report a new mechanism for phase transitions between topological phases of magnons in kagome ferromagnets by tuning the anisotropic nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic interaction and DMI. Using the linear spin-wave theory, we calculate the Chern number and thermal Hall conductivity of magnons in low temperature regime. We show the magnon band structures and magnonic edge states in each topological phase. From the topological phase diagram, we find a sign reversal of the thermal Hall conductivity upon tuning the modulation factors. We explicitly demonstrate the correspondence of thermal Hall conductivity with the propagation direction of the magnonic edge states. Finally, we discuss candidate materials as experimental realizations of our theoretical model.
Effect of light intensity on the growth and production of rodent tuber (Thyponium flageliforme (Lodd.) Bl.)
Authors: Suryadi R , Permadi R A , Pribadi E R , Trisilawati O , Darwati I 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRodent tuber is a wild plant that has the potential as an anticancer drug. For this purpose, the availability of materials is necessary, it needs good cultivation to maintain its herbal quality, and light intensity is one of its components. Therefore, research is needed to obtain light intensity that can increase the growth and production of rodent tuber plants. Shading research on rodent plants was carried out in a screen house, ISMCRI, from January to December 2020. The study was arranged in randomized block design, five treatments, and 40 samples per treatment with five replications. The treatment that were given is several levels of light intensity : 100%, 65%, 50%, 35 %, and 25%. The number of leaves, chlorophyll content, fresh and dry biomass, fresh and dry weight tubers, nutrient content and nutrient uptake, protein content, and protein production are the parameters. The result showed light intensity significantly affected the number of leaves, fresh and dry weight tubers at eight months after planting. Plants that received 100% light intensity produced the highest growth and production of rodent tubers, while the lowest was 25% light intensity.
Metagenomic screening strategies for bioprospecting enzymes from environmental samples
Authors: Wani A K , Rahayu F , Kadarwati F T , Suhara C , Singh R , Dhanjal D S , Akhtar N , Mir T G , Chopra C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Globally, there is a growing demand for biocatalysts because of the associated efficacy and efficiency. The applications of enzymes in food, paper, pulp, textile, and chemical industries have prompted enzyme exploration. Microbes, being the natural reservoirs of enzymes, have gained researchers’ attention, and the quest for microbial enzymes has increased in past years. This review provides insights about metagenomics techniques and their applicability in obtaining microbial-origin enzymes from diverse environmental samples besides highlighting their importance. The metagenomic approach has emerged as a promising way towards replacing conventional microbial techniques with culture-independent methods involving direct isolation of DNA environmental samples. There are two primary methodologies, i.e., functional-based and sequence-based, to identify and characterize industrially valuable biocatalysts from the environmental microcosms. Many of the obtained enzymes are successfully used in diverse food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, there are some complications associated with it that can be minimized only by further investigations. The paper focuses on the advancement of metagenomics for bioprospecting to stress on its significance in microbial characterization and exploration. This will also ensure the in-depth analysis of several unexplored and unknown microbial communities and/or members from complex niches.
Molecular characterization of Spodoptera litura Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SlNPV) Labuhan Batu isolate
Authors: Sinambela D P , Bakti D , Tobing M C , Kusumah Y M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Spodoptera litura F. is a new pest that potentially becomes a serious pest threatening palm oil industry. The control can be carried out using biological control agents S.litura Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SlNPV). Molecular approach using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to characterize the SlNPV isolate. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular characteristics of SlNPV Labuhan Batu isolate based on DNA sequence analysis. The NPV isolate was collected from oil palm plantation Negeri Lama Estate Group, PT. Hari sawit Jaya, Asian Agri, Labuhan Batu. The SlNPV DNA extraction was conducted using the DNA gSYNC kit. The amplification of SlNPV DNA was done by specific primers with oligonucleotide sequences forward 5′-ACGTTACGATCTAGATCC-3′ and reverse 5′-AACGTTAGACAGACATAT-3′ with ±700bp of amplicon. Homology and phylogeny characteristics were used to determine the relationship of SlNPV isolate from Labuhan Batu to NPV from other countries were reported in the GeneBank of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The results showed that SlNPV isolate from Labuhan Batu had the closest related to SlNPV from Australia, SliNPV from Canada and SlNPV from China, with the similarity percentage 100%, 96% and 90% respectively. They belong to the same group as the NPVs that infected the Spodoptera genus.
Compatibility of citronella oil, clove oil, and cypermethrin 500 EC to control fruit sucker (Dasynus piperis) on pepper plant
Authors: Rohimatun  , Rismayani  , Yolanda K , Rizal M , Wiratno  , Laba I W 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Some botanical insecticides can be mixed with synthetic insecticides to reduce dependence on one type of insecticide and increase its effectiveness. This study evaluated combined formulations of botanical pesticides (citronella oil/CTO from Cymbopogon nardus and clove oil/CLO from Syzygium aromaticum) and synthetic insecticide (Cypermethrin 500 EC/Cyp) to improve their effectiveness against Dasynus piperis on pepper plants. This study was conducted in farmer’s fields, Central and West Bangka regencies in Bangka Island, from March 2013 to November 2015. This study consists of two steps; semi-field and field studies. All of the treatments used Randomized Block Design consisted of eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were CTO 5.0 ml l−1; CLO 5.0 ml l−1; CTO 2.5 ml l−1 + CLO 2.5 ml l−1; CTO 2.5 ml l−1 + Cyp 1 ml l−1; CLO 2.5 ml l−1 + Cyp 1 ml l−1; CTO 1.25 ml l−1 + CLO 1.25 ml l−1 + Cyp 1 ml l−1; Cyp 2.0 ml l−1; and control. The results showed that CTO, CLO, and Cyp formula was compatible, with CTO 2.5 ml l−1 + CLO 2.5 ml l−1 and CLO 2.5 ml l−1 + Cyp 1.0 ml l−1 were effective to control D. piperis.
Flowering induction of clove to reduce its yield fluctuation by using a plant growth regulator
Authors: Rusmin D , Darwati I , Nurhayati H , Setiawan  , Pribadi E R 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe main problem in clove cultivation is yield fluctuation which occurred every 2-4 years. It is usually caused by internal factors such as photosynthates, nutrition, and plant growth regulators that control the flowering process. The study was conducted from January to December 2015 on +30 years old-cloves at a farmer’s plantation in Sumedang, West Java. The trial was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of 13 treatments of paclobutrazol application: (1) control, (2) 2500 ppm paclobutrazol, given eight weeks after harvest (WAH); (3) 2500 ppm paclobutrazol, 10 WAH, (4) Paclobutrazol 2500 ppm, 12 WAH. (5) 2500 ppm paclobutrazol, 14 WAH, (6) Paclobutrazol 2500 ppm, 16 WAH, (7) Paclobutrazol 2500 ppm, 18 WAH, (8) 5000 ppm paclobutrazol, 8 WAH, (9) Paclobutrazol 5000 ppm, 10 WAH, (10) 5000 ppm paclobutrazol, 12 WAH, (11) Paclobutrazol 5000 ppm, 14 WAH, (12) 5000 ppm paclobutrazol, 16 WAH, and (13) 5000 ppm paclobutrazol, 18 WAH. Results indicated that paclobutrazol 5000 ppm applied at 16 WAH gave a higher new shoot number and yield than control within three consecutive years (2014, 2015, and 2016). The range of chlorophyll content was 0.08-0.15%.