bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of risk-stratified indicators for adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin after hepatectomy for colorectal cancer liver metastasis Running title: Risk-stratified indication for doublet AC after hepatectomy for CRLM
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Maruyama Keizaburo , Nonaka Takashi , Moriyama Masaaki , Oyama Shosaburo , Ishii Mitsutoshi , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The recurrence rate after hepatectomy for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) is high, and there is no consensus regarding the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) using oxaliplatin (doublet AC) in these patients.Methods: The present study included 91 patients who underwent hepatectomy for complete resection at our hospitals between 2008 and 2018. Based on whether or not they had undergone doublet AC, patients were divided into AC (n=35) and non-AC (n=56) groups. Recurrent risk was evaluated by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center clinical risk score (MSKCC-CRS).Results: The number of females and median age were higher in the AC group (51.4% vs 25.0%, p=0.010 and 67 vs 61 years, p=0.012, respectively). Doublet AC was an independent prognostic factor for 5-year relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.225; 95%CI, 0.097–0.522; p<0.001) and for 5-year overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.165; 95%CI, 0.057–0.476; p<0.001) in multivariate analysis. In patients with high risk of recurrence (MSKCC-CRS 3–5), 5-year relapse-free survival and 5-year overall survival was higher in the doublet AC group than in the non-AC group (p<0.01). In low-risk patients (MSKCC-CRS 0–2), 5-year relapse-free survival and 5-year overall survival were similar between the groups.Conclusions: Doublet AC could have a positive effect on prognosis after curative resection of CRLM, especially in high-risk patients. Selection of patients and AC regimen should take into consideration the risk of recurrence.
On springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola): A morphofunctional study of the jumping apparatus
Authors: Oliveira Fábio G. L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) are tiny organisms that lead a hidden life, mostly occuring deep in the soil and on leaf litter. They have a variety of interesting body morphology patterns, the most famous of which is the catapult-like structure that enables them to jump and flee from predators. This highly specialized jumping apparatus consists of a mobile furca, which when at rest fits into a trigger, "the retinaculum" on the ventral side of the abdomen. Despite the many studies that have attempted to investigate the jumping apparatus, the actual mechanisms involved in the jump, for example the way in which the furca is released by the retinaculum, how and where the mechanisms of spring and hydrostatic pressure originate, are still not properly understood. The morphology of the jumping apparatus of Orchesella cincta was investigated in detail using confocal laser scanning microscopy and MicroCT techniques for 3D reconstruction.
Results
The morphology of O. cincta with both flexed and extended furca is analysed and described. The abdominal musculature involved in the jumping mechanism and relevant structures of the exoskeleton of retinaculum and furca are described in detail. With the data obtained in this study, hypotheses can be made about 1) where and how the spring and hydrostatic pressure mechanisms originate; 2) which muscles act on the extension and flexion of the furca; 3) which muscles act on the retinaculum and 4) how the retinaculum is released from the furca.
Conclusions
The comparative morphological study proved informative, and shows how springtail jumping involves mechanisms unique to this taxon. Hydrostatic pressure regulation possibly varies between animals with distinct segmentation, and those with fused segmentation. Interesting cuticular characters were revealed, such as basal plates and sclerites related to the construction of the spring mechanism. The present study establishes itself as a model option for future morphofunctional studies on springtails' jumping. Analysis of videos and images using a high speed camera will be useful for understanding how the jump develops through take-off, aerial and landing phases.
Utilization of nanoparticles for sustainable biogas production: process stability and effluent quality
Authors: Abdelwahab Taha Abdelfattah Mohammed , Fodah Ahmed Elsayed Mahmoud 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
One of the most important techniques for converting complex organic waste into renewable energy in the form of biogas and effluent is anaerobic digestion (AD). Several issues have been raised related to the effectiveness of the AD process in recent years. Hence nanoparticles (NPs) have been used widely in AD process for converting organic wastes into useful biogas and effluent in an effective way. This review addresses the knowledge gaps and summarizes recent researchers’ findings concentrating on the stability and effluent quality of the cattle manure AD process using various NPs (e.g., Fe, Ni, Co, and metal oxides). In summary, the utilization of NPs have beneficial effects on methane generation, process optimization, and effluent quality. Their function, as key nutrient providers, aid in the synthesis of key enzymes and co-enzymes, and thus stimulate anaerobic microorganism activities when present at an optimum concentration (e.g., Fe NPs 100 mg/L; Ni NPs 2 mg/L; Co NPs 1 mg/L). Furthermore, utilizing Fe NPs at concentrations higher than 100 mg/L is more effective at reducing hydrogen sulfide production than increasing methane, whereas Ni NPs and Co NPs at concentrations greater than 2 mg/L and 1 mg/L, respectively, reduce methane production. Effluent with Fe and Ni NPs showed stronger fertilizer values more than Co NPs.
Biotransformation of antibiotic norfloxacin by marine-derived fungi
Authors: Morais Aline Teixeira do Brasil , Barreiro Juliana Cristina , Porto André Luiz Meleiro Porto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The occurrence of drugs in the environment has called attention due to the adverse effects on the biotic community. Norfloxacin (NOR) is a compound widely used for treatment of serious bacterial infections in human and animals, therefore its monitoring and toxicological effects have been investigated, mainly in aquatic environment. In this study the biotransformation/biodegradation of NOR was followed in the presence of marine-derived fungi for 35 days and the products was identified by LC-MS/MS, based on the similarity between experimental and theoretical exact mass. An analytical method was developed and validated to determine the percentage of NOR biodegradation in the presence of fungi Penicillium raistrickii CBMAI 931 (34.07%), Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 1241 (58.91%), fungal consortium (57.05%) and in a mineral medium (59.35%).
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of prognostic factors for recurrence and metastasis sites of high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Ding Dexin , Gao Jianing , Wang Huan , Li Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Metastatic recurrence takes place in more than 21.7% of patients with UTUC underwent RNU. Although metastatic recurrence suggested a poor prognosis, the effect of the specific recurrence site on prognosis is still to be discussed.Methods: According to a retrospective analysis on 355 patients who underwent RNU for high-grade, node-negative upper urothelial carcinoma in our hospital from 2010 to 2020. The result showed that no one received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. So, Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were then performed to assess predictors of metastatic recurrence as well as site-specific prognosis. In addition, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were adopted for the estimation and comparison of the recurrence site-specific survival probabilities after metastatic recurrence.Results: Of 355 patients, 77 recurred during a median follow-up of 17 months. In multivariate analysis, IVR, tumor size, and pT-stage were significant predictors of metastatic recurrence. Metastatic recurrence was most common in bone and multiple sites, with less median survival time for liver recurrence and multiple site recurrence.Conclusion: A majority of patients with high-grade UTUC suffered from systematical recurrence after RNU. IVR, tumor size, and pT-stage are predictors of metastasis and recurrence. Besides, prevention of IVR after RNU may help improve the prognosis of patients with UTUC. Poor prognosis showed compared with other sites, liver, bone and multiple sites relapse relatively quickly. These findings are of great likelihood to contribute to the development of future site-specific treatment plans for recurrence. Plus, studying the genetic association of UTUC and elucidating the underlying mechanism of metastasis recurrence must be of paramount importance.
An 8-week Exercise Study to Improve CRF and Quality of Life Among African-American Breast Cancer Patients During Radiation Treatment: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Adams-Campbell Lucile L. , Mills Mary , Hicks Jennifer , Randolph-Jackson Pamela , Isaacs Claudine , Makambi Kepher , Dash Chiranjeev 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most debilitating side effects of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). Several studies have found that physical activity (PA) may be an effective intervention to decrease fatigue and enhance QOL in cancer survivors.
Purpose
The primary objective of the PEDLAR study is to test the efficacy of an easily administered 8-week structured moderate-intensity PA intervention, delivered concurrently with RT, in reducing CRF and improving health-related QOL among AA breast cancer patients. This study is also designed to provide pilot data on the acceptability and adherence of PA interventions in AA women with breast cancer.
Methods
It is a prospective, 2-arm, 8-week feasibility trial. Participants are randomized to either a structured, moderate-intensity aerobic training exercise regimen concurrent with radiotherapy or a control group.
Results
Participants in intervention group reported high satisfaction with exercise and adherence was > 75% for exercise sessions.
Conclusions
African-American breast cancer patients in a moderate-intensity 75 min/wk aerobic exercise intervention had marginally lower fatigue at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline. The control group participants had marginally higher fatigue at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline. Participants in the intervention group reported slightly better quality of life at 8-wk follow-up compared to baseline (P = 0.06).
Revealing the mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Carthamus tinctorius L herb pair in treating myocardial ischemia by combined network pharmacology and experimental verification
Authors: Du Shao Bing , Zhou Hui Hui , Xue Zhi Peng , Li Jing , Wang Peng Fei , Wang Xiaoping , Bai Jiqing , Li Na , Gao Su 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present work was aimed to gain more insight into the molecular mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Carthamus tinctorius L herb pair (SMCTHP) in treating myocardial ischemia (MI) through network pharmacology and in vivo experiments. Firstly, various electronic databases and literatures-mining were utilized to acquire and screen out the bioactive compounds of SMCTHP and potential therapeutic targets of myocardial ischemia (MI). Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis was carried out to obtain a more radical understanding of SMCTHP against MI via the DAVID database. PPI network was established and analyzed to determine the hub targets. Finally, we used the acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) rat model to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of SMCTHP, and TUNEL assay and Western blotting analysis were used to measure the apoptotic rate and validated the hub targets and key pathways, respectively. A total of 92 bioactive compounds of SMCTHP and 245 overlapping targets between SMCTHP and MI were identified from these databases. By performing functional enrichment analysis, the anti-MI targets of SMCTHP were highly correlated with the apoptosis process, and the key functional pathways may be the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways. Then, the hub targets of the PPI network contained AKT1, IL6, TNF, VEGFA, MAPK1, STAT3, RELA, MMP9, CASP3, and TLR4. In vivo experiment demonstrated that SMCTHP significantly improved myocardial ischemic injury, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in ischemic rat myocardium. In addition, SMCTHP could markedly upregulate the expression of phosphorylated (p)-AKT, and obviously downregulated the expressions of TLR4 and p-NF-κBp65 in the myocardial tissue of AMI rats. This study revealed that SMCTHP may ameliorate ISO-induced myocardial ischemic injury via exhibiting the anti-apoptotic effects potentially be regulating the AKT and TLR4/NF-κB pathways.
Factors Driving the Adoption of Organic Tea Farming Practices by the Farmers in Panchagarh District of Bangladesh
Authors: Prodhan Foyez Ahmed , Afrad Md. Safiul Islam , Haque Md. Enamul , Hoque Muhammad Ziaul , Rokonuzzaman Mohammed , Mohana Hasiba Pervin , Pervez A.K.M. Kanak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Tea is a regular export item for Bangladesh, but due to slow growth in production, the country's tea exports have declined. However, organic tea has a great future in this regard. Understanding the status and underlying factors of organic tea farming adoption has great potential to further enhance organic tea production and contribute to sustainable development. Therefore, our main objective was to identify factors influencing tea growers’ attitude, perception and adoption of organic tea farming in the Panchagarh district of Bangladesh. Factors affecting the farmers' belief in the adoption of organic farming were measured based on control factors (marketing factors and cost and benefit factors), attitude towards organic farming and social factors (extension factors) through a binary logistic regression model. This study showed that attitudes towards organic farming and perceptions on different dimensions are the major factors that bring about the adoption of organic farming. We also observed that organic growers had more favorable perception and it was significantly difference than non-organic growers reading various factors on organic farming. Our results demonstrated Education and knowledge greatly influence the farmers to form a highly favorable attitude towards organic tea farming. Moreover, attitudes towards organic farming and cost and benefit factors were indicated as the significant contributors to the adoption of organic tea farming practices. Finally, we suggested a participatory extension program by the Bangladesh Tea Board to change the attitudes and knowledge of the growers towards organic tea farming.
Using Prescribed Fire and Biosolids Applications as Grassland Management Tools: Do Wildlife Respond?
Authors: Washburn Brian E. , Begier Michael J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Prescribed burning is a management tool commonly used in forested ecosystems in the southeastern United States, but the influence of this method on grassland vegetation and wildlife in this geographic region are unknown. During 2009–2015, we conducted a study to determine if the application of prescribed burning and/or long-term biosolids applications have altered plant communities and/or wildlife use of grassland areas at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, Havelock, NC. We monitored vegetation growth, measured plant community composition, and documented wildlife activity in four study plots for 3 year after the implementation of annual winter prescribed burns. Prescribed burning reduced the amount of litter, increased bare ground during spring and altered the plant community composition relative to areas that were not burned. We observed similar (P = 0.55) total birds per 3-min survey using prescribed burn treatment plots (5.6 ± 0.6 birds; x¯ ± SE) and unburned (5.0 ± 0.5 birds) plots. Few species-specific differences in avian use of prescribed burned and unburned grasslands were found. In contrast, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of areas that were burned in winter, as well as the adjacent unburned areas, was drastically reduced. Winter prescribed burning appeared to remove forage plants at the time of year deer would use them the most. Our findings suggest that prescribed burning, with and without biosolids, might be a viable grassland management tool to alter wildlife use of grassland areas, specifically white-tailed deer; however, similar research at additional locations should be conducted.
Safe delivery of radiation therapy in a patient with Implanted Cardiac Pacemaker - Tips and Pitfalls
Authors: Sidhique Sharief K , B Swathi , Babu Ebenezer Suman , Sebastian Patricia , Backianathan Selvamani , Manickavasagam Anand , Roshan John , Balakrishnan Rajesh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: There are clinical scenarios when it is required to deliver Radiotherapy (RT) to patients who have implanted pacemakers and it is challenging when treatment portals are close to pacemaker. The cumulative dose to the pacemaker needs to be less than 2 to 5 Gy as per the current recommendations.Aim and Methods: To describe the steps undertaken for safe delivery of mediastinal radiotherapy for a patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and implanted pacemaker. Case presentation: Sixty-year-old gentleman who had implanted dual-chamber rate adaptive (DDDR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible, permanent pacemaker for complete heart block presented with lymphadenopathy and was diagnosed with Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma stage IV. He received consolidation RT (30 Gy in 15 fractions) to the mediastinum after completion of chemotherapy. An algorithm was developed based on AAPM (The American Association of Physicists) report for necessary steps to be taken at various stages of radiotherapy planning and treatment delivery. This approach made it possible to reduce cumulative dose to the pacemaker to < 2Gy.Conclusion: RT can be safely delivered to the patients with cardiac pacemakers. Close follow-up of the patients in conjunction with the Cardiologist, before, during and after radiation is essential for the patient’s safety.
Gene signature of m6A-related targets to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in ovarian cancer
Authors: Tan Wei , Liu Shiyi , Deng Zhimin , Dai Fangfang , Yuan Mengqin , Hu Wei , Cheng Yanxiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: According to cancer statistics for 2021, ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of mortality among adult women. M6A regulators played a nonnegligible role in cancers by acting on downstream target genes. The aim of the study was to construct a risk score model based on m6A-related targets to predict overall survival and immunotherapy response in ovarian cancer.Methods: The gene expression profiles of 24 m6A regulators were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE140082. Survival analysis screened 9 prognostic m6A regulators. Next, consensus clustering analysis was applied to identify clusters of ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, 47 phenotype-related differentially expressed genes, strongly correlated with 9 prognostic m6A regulators, were screened and subjected to univariate and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression. Ultimately, a nomogram was constructed which presented a strong ability to predict overall survival in ovarian cancer.Results: CBLL1, FTO, HNRNPC, METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, ZC3H13, RBM15B and YTHDC2 were associated with worse overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer. Three m6A clusters were identified, which were highly consistent with the three immune phenotypes, including immune rejection, immune inflammation, and immune desert. What’s more, a risk model based on seven m6A-related targets was constructed with distinct prognosis. And the low-risk group are the best candidate population for immunotherapy. Ultimately, integrating other clinical features, a nomogram was constructed, which showed good predictive ability at 1, 3 and 5-year overall survivals (1-year AUC = 0.679, 3-year AUC = 0.661, 5-year AUC = 0.624). Conclusions: We comprehensively analyzed the m6A modification landscape of ovarian cancer and detected seven m6A-related targets as an independent prognostic biomarker for predicting survival. Furthermore, we divided patients into high- and low- risk groups with distinct prognosis and select the optimum population which may benefit from immunotherapy and constructed a nomogram to precisely predict ovarian cancer patients’ survival time and visualize the prediction results.
Insecticidal effects of some selected plant extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Culicidae: Diptera)
Authors: Muhammed Merdya , Dugassa Sisay , Belina Merga , Zohdy Sarah , Irish Seth R. , Gebresilassie Araya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of synthetic insecticides against mosquitoes may lead to resistance development and potential health hazards in humans and the environment. In connection to these adverse effects, a paradigm needs to shift towards the alternative use of botanical insecticides that could strengthen an insecticide resistance management program. This study aimed to assess the insecticidal effects of crude leaf solvent extracts of Calpurnia aurea, Momordica foetida, and Zehneria scabra on an insectary colony of Anopheles stephensi larvae and adults. Methods: Fresh leaves were collected and dried, then separately ground to powder. Powdered leaves of test plants were extracted using sonication with aqueous, hexane, and methanol solvents. The extracts were concentrated, and a stock solution was prepared. For comparison, temephos (Synthetic larvicide) and control solutions (a mixture of water and emulsifier) were used as the positive and negative controls, respectively. A range of test concentrations for the larvae and the adults were prepared and tested according to WHO (2005) and CDC (2010) guidelines to determine lethal concentration (LC) values. Mortality was observed after 24 hrs exposure. The statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (Kruskal-Wallis test) and R software (a generalized linear model was used to determine LC50 and LC90 values of the extracts). Results: The lowest LC50 values were observed in aqueous M. foetida extract, followed by Z. scabra and C. aurea at 34.61, 35.85, and 38.69 ppm, respectively, against the larvae. Larval mortality was not observed from the hexane and negative control, while the standard larvicide (temephos) achieved 100% mortality. In addition, the adulticidal efficacy was greatest for aqueous Z. scabra extract with LC50 = 176.20 ppm followed by aqueous C. aurea (LC50 = 297.75 ppm). Conclusions: The results suggest that the leaf extracts of the three test plants have the potential of being used for the control of vector An. stephensi larvae and adult instead of synthetic mosquitocides. Further studies need to be conducted to identify the active ingredients and their mode of action.