bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quantity and quality of sleep in medical university students
Authors: Rogacka Karolina , Pyrak Bartłomiej , Kędziora–Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: In order to overpower COVID-19 pandemic a number of security measures have been taken, including limiting of leaving people's place of residence, which is associated with increased social isolation. For students an additional change resulting from the current epidemiological situation is the transition to remote learning which is related with increased time spent in front of a computer or smartphone screen.
The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic affects the quality and quantity of sleep in a group of medical students.
Materials and methods: Survey search using author-made questionnaire was conducted. Questionnaire included questions about quality and quantity of sleep before and after COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Collected data was then transformed for statistical purposes and the correlations were examined using Wilcoxon test (before vs after pandemic) or Mann-Whitney U-test (men vs women).
Results: Comparing the situation before the pandemic to the present one, statistically significant increase in difficulty in falling asleep in the study group was observed (p=0,008). A statistically significant sleep duration was observed (the mean increased from 7,09 to 7,53, p<<0.05). Students also go to bed later (p<<0.05) and wake up later (p<<0.05). Students also complained about waking up more frequently at night (p=0,006). The respondents rate their current sleep quality worse than before the pandemic (p=0,039).
Conclusions: Sleep quality in the group of medical students deteriorated during the pandemic, while the amount of sleep increased. Since the introduction of remote learning, the time of using electronic devices has significantly increased. The obtained results may be used for further research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and remote learning on the quality and quantity of sleep
Age dependent treatment response to the Carriere ® Motion 3D ™ appliance for the correction of Class II malocclusion
Authors: Malinowski Klara , Chodur Monika , Majewski Maciej , Malinowski Jakub 
Published: October 2022

Introduction and Purpose
Class II malocclusion is a common anomaly. Both adults and adolescents with Class II malocclusion can be treated. One of the methods for correction is Carriere ® Motion 3D ™ appliance (CMA).
The aim was to evaluate and compare the rate of tooth movement depending on age during treatment with Carriere ® Motion 3D ™ appliance (CMA).
Material and method
The retrospective study investigated medical records of 28 adult and 27 adolescent subjects who were treated with the Carriere ® Motion 3D ™ distalizer to correct Class II malocclusion. Time (in days) needed to achieve 1 mm correction was calculated for each patient, based on the quotient of days needed for Class II correction and the distance required to achieve Class I canine relationship. The difference between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney-U test.
Results
Phase I treatment with CMA lasted on average 5,67 ± 2,01 months for adults and 4,67 ± 1,48 months for teenagers. The mean time to achieve 1 mm correction was 36,77 ± 11,01 days in the adult group and 36,59 ± 26,17 days in the adolescent group. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusions
CMA can be applied to efficiently treat Class II malocclusion in adolescent as well as adult patients. No difference in age related tooth movement using the CMA was found.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Keterlibatan Orang Tua Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Selama Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Ananda Annisa Fitri , Mardiyyaningsih Asriah Nurdini , Tenriawaru Andi Besse 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ada tidaknya pengaruh signifikan dan besarnya pengaruh tingkat pendidikan dan keterlibatan orang tua terhadap hasil belajar IPA selama pembelajaran daring pada siswa kelas VII di SMPN 11 Sungai Ambawang. Penelitian ini berbentuk kuantitatif dengan metode ex-post facto. Sumber data penelitian adalah seluruh siswa di tiga kelas VII SMP Negeri 11 Sungai Ambawang. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar kuesioner keterlibatan orang tua yang diisi oleh siswa, dokumen tingkat pendidikan orang tua dari bagian administrasi sekolah, dan lembar hasil nilai ulangan harian IPA siswa dari guru. Data diinterpretasi dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan orangtua (thit 3,5>ttab 0,00028, sig. 0,001<0,05) dan keterlibatan orangtua (thit 2,37>ttab 0,00028, sig 0,020<0,05) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa. Tingkat pendidikan orang tua memberi pengaruh sebesar 51,1%, sedangkan keterlibatan orang tua berpengaruh 34,98% terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Penelitian ini menggabungkan 2 variabel yaitu tingkat pendidikan dan keterlibatan orang tua dalam pembelajaran secara daring, berbeda dengan penelitian referensi yang lain yang hanya menggunakan salah satu dari 2 variabel tersebut serta penelitian dengan variabel ini mayoritas dilakukan pada penelitian sebelum Pandemi covid-19.
Current therapeutic interventions combating biofilm-related infections in orthopaedics
Authors: Li Jie , Cheung Wing-Hoi , Chow Simon K. , Ip Margaret , Leung Sharon Y. S. , Wong Ronald M. Y. 
Published: October 2022

Aims Biofilm-related infection is a major complication that occurs in orthopaedic surgery. Various treatments are available but efficacy to eradicate infections varies significantly. A systematic review was performed to evaluate therapeutic interventions combating biofilm-related infections on in vivo animal models. Methods Literature research was performed on PubMed and Embase databases. Keywords used for search criteria were “bone AND biofilm”. Information on the species of the animal model, bacterial strain, evaluation of biofilm and bone infection, complications, key findings on observations, prevention, and treatment of biofilm were extracted. Results A total of 43 studies were included. Animal models used included fracture-related infections (ten studies), periprosthetic joint infections (five studies), spinal infections (three studies), other implant-associated infections, and osteomyelitis. The most common bacteria were Staphylococcus species. Biofilm was most often observed with scanning electron microscopy. The natural history of biofilm revealed that the process of bacteria attachment, proliferation, maturation, and dispersal would take 14 days. For systemic mono-antibiotic therapy, only two of six studies using vancomycin reported significant biofilm reduction, and none reported eradication. Ten studies showed that combined systemic and topical antibiotics are needed to achieve higher biofilm reduction or eradication, and the effect is decreased with delayed treatment. Overall, 13 studies showed promising therapeutic potential with surface coating and antibiotic loading techniques. Conclusion Combined topical and systemic application of antimicrobial agents effectively reduces biofilm at early stages. Future studies with sustained release of antimicrobial and biofilm-dispersing agents tailored to specific pathogens are warranted to achieve biofilm eradication. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(10):700–714.
Intrapulse measurement using a quantum cascade laser coupled with a compact dense pattern multipass absorption cell for carbon dioxide monitoring
Authors: Jacquemin Clément , Defossez Florent , Vallon Raphaël , Parvitte Bertrand , Maisons Grégory , Carras Mathieu , Zeninari Virginie 
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate a mid-infrared spectrometer based on a quantum cascade laser operated in the intrapulse mode coupled with a custom dense pattern multipass cell. Detection in the range of hundreds of ppm to a few percent has been achieved due to a spectral sweep over seven

C
O

2

absorption lines corresponding to a

2

c
m

−
1

spectral range. A detection limit of 2.22 ppm (corresponding to an absorption of

1.77

⋅

10

−
7

c
m

−
1

) for an averaging time of 4 s has been achieved during an in-laboratory characterization. The instrument was used for outdoor measurements of

C
O

2

in the framework of a massive gas release trial in a military training center. A comparison of measurements with other devices is presented.
Molluscicidal and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles on the multi-species of snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis
Authors: Zayed Khaled M. , Guo Yun-Hai , Lv Shan , Zhang Yi , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: October 2022

Background
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is the second important parasitic disease after malaria. The present study aimed to evaluate the molluscicidal effects of silver nanoparticles on Biomphalaria alexandrina, B. glabrata, Oncomelania hupensis, snail intermediate hosts of intestinal schistosomes (i.e. Schistosoma mansoni and S. japonicum), along with the changes their antioxidant enzymes.

Methods
Silver (Ag) nano powder (Ag-NPs) was selected to test the molluscicidal effects on three species of freshwater snails. Exposure to Ag-NPs induced snail mortality and the LC50 and LC90 values of Ag-NPs for each snail species were calculated by probit analysis. Control snails were maintained under the same experimental conditions in dechlorinated water. Snail hemolymph was collected to measure the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as total antioxidants capacity (TCA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and nitric oxide (NO). In addition, the non-target organism, Daphnia magna, was exposed to a series of Ag-NPs concentration, similar to the group of experimental snails, in order to evaluate the LC50 and LC90 and compare these values to those obtained for the targeted snails.

Results
The results indicated that Ag-NPs had a molluscicidal effect on tested snails with the variation in lethal concentration. The LC50 values of Ag-NPs for B. alexandrina snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 7.91, 5.69, 3.83 and 1.91 parts per million (ppm), respectively. The LC50 values for B. glabrata snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 16.55, 10.44, 6.91 and 4.13 ppm, respectively, while the LC50 values for O. hupensis snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 46.5, 29.85, 24.49 and 9.62 ppm, respectively. Moreover, there is no mortality detected on D. magna when exposed to more than double and half concentration (50 ppm) of Ag-NPs during a continuous period of 3 hrs, whereas the LC90 value for B. alexandrina snails was 18 ppm. The molluscicidal effect of the synthesized Ag-NPs seems to be linked to a potential reduction of the antioxidant activity in the snail’s hemolymph.

Conclusions
Synthesized Ag-NPs have a clear molluscicidal effect against various snail intermediate hosts of intestinal schistosome parasites and could potentially serve as next generation molluscicides.
Trends in the disparities and equity of the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine health resources in China from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Xu Rixiang , Mu Tingyu , Liu Yulian , Ye Yaping , Xu Caiming 
Published: October 2022

Background
At present, improving the accessibility to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health resources is an important component of China’s health policy. This study evaluated the trends in the disparities and equity of TCM health resource allocation from 2010 to 2020 to inform optimal future local health planning and policy.

Method
The data for this study were extracted from the China Health Statistical Yearbook (2011–2021) and China Urban Statistical Yearbook (2020). The equity and rationality of the allocation of TCM health resources at the national and provincial levels were evaluated using the Gini coefficient and the health resource aggregation degree, respectively.

Result
The number of TCM-related institutions, beds, health staff, outpatients and admissions increased by 1.97, 2.61, 2.35, 1.72 and 2.41 times, respectively, between 2010 and 2020. The population-based Gini coefficients for health staff, beds and institutions were 0.12, 0.23 and 0.13, respectively, indicating acceptable equity, while the geographical area-based Gini index for health staff, beds and institutions were 0.65, 0.62 and 0.62, respectively, indicating serious inequity. The agglomeration degree as a function of geographical area was as follows: eastern region > central region > western region. Moreover, the institutional and health staff gaps between the geographical areas increased from 2012 to 2020. In addition, there was a relatively balanced agglomeration degree based on the population in these three regions and an increasingly equitable allocation of institutions and health staff.

Conclusion
In recent years, China’s TCM health resources and services have increased rapidly, but their proportions within the overall health system remain low. The equity and rationality of TCM health allocated by the population was better than that by the geographic area. Regional differences and inequalities, especially for institutions, still exist. A series of policies to promote the balanced development of TCM need to be implemented.
The efficacy and tolerability of combining pemetrexed-based chemotherapy with gefitinib in the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with mutated EGFR: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Wang Bi-Cheng , Zhang Wen-Xuan , Kuang Bo-Hua , Lin Guo-He 
Published: October 2022

Background
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy is the standard of care in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, whether adding pemetrexed-based chemotherapy to EGFR-TKI targeted therapy furtherly prolongs survival outcomes and improves responses remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted this pooled analysis to compare the efficacy and tolerability between gefitinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy and gefitinib alone in the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC patients with mutated EGFR.

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL on June 23, 2022. Eligible studies were registered randomized clinical trials comparing gefitinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy with gefitinib alone. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and discontinuation rate (DR) were explored as secondary outcomes.

Results
Eight studies within five randomized clinical trials were eligible. Gefitinib combined with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy significantly prolonged OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–0.89, p = 0.0125) and PFS (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.39–0.70, p < 0.0001) versus gefitinib alone. In subgroup analysis, patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R could benefit from the addition of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy to gefitinib in terms of PFS (EGFR exon 19 deletion: HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.34–0.75, p = 0.0008; EGFR exon 21 L858R: HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26–0.82, p = 0.0079) but not OS. In addition, ORR was improved after the administration of gefitinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy against gefitinib (odds ratio [OR] 1.91, 95% CI 1.44–2.55, p < 0.0001). Both strategies showed comparable DCRs (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.94–2.26, p = 0.0952) and DRs (risk ratio [RR] 2.80, 95% CI 0.69–11.44, p = 0.1509).

Conclusion
Compared with gefitinib alone, combining pemetrexed-based chemotherapy with gefitinib significantly improved OS and PFS in advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with acceptable tolerability. However, the accurate sub-population who could have OS benefits requires further validation.
An inequality for the normal derivative of the Lane–Emden ground state
Authors: Frank Rupert L. , Larson Simon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider Lane–Emden ground states with polytropic index

0
≤

q
-
1

≤
1

{0\leq q-1\leq 1}

, that is, minimizers of the Dirichlet integral among

L
q

{L^{q}}

-normalized functions.
Our main result is a sharp lower bound on the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-norm of the normal derivative in terms of the energy, which implies a corresponding isoperimetric inequality.
Our bound holds for arbitrary bounded open Lipschitz sets

Ω
⊂

ℝ
d

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}}

, without assuming convexity.
Influences on Quantitative Nitriding Layer Thickness Measurements using Model-Based Photothermal Radiometry
Authors: Mikulewitsch M. , Dong J. , Stöbener D. , Epp J. , Fischer A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In nitriding furnaces, the nitriding result is currently only controlled indirectly via the nitriding potential based on gas sensors. Detrimental properties such as soft spots, insufficient compound layer thickness or strongly porous zones, which might result from reduced surface reactivity, are thus only detected post-process. Therefore, in-process measurements of the layer formation promise a real benefit for energy efficiency and process quality enhancement. Photothermal radiometry is a promising contactless method for layer inspection that so far showed qualitative correlations of the photothermal phase signal with material parameters and layer thicknesses. In this article, thickness and thermal conductivity of the compound layer are quantitatively determined by using a physical signal model for a least-squares approximation of in-process measured photothermal phase signals. In addition, the influence of roughness and surface curvature is investigated, with the model-based photothermal layer thickness measurement showing robustness to different surface conditions and allowing quantification of the layer thickness with uncertainties < 1 μm even during in-process measurement inside an industrial nitriding furnace.
Hot deformation and constitutive model of as-cast Ni–Cr–Co nickel-base alloy
Authors: Li Yugui , Song Yaohui , Xu Hui , Li Huaying , Tian Yinghao , Yao Lu , Sun Haosong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nickel-based superalloys are widely used in thermal power, nuclear power, aerospace and other fields due to their excellent properties. Since the deformation resistance of Ni–Cr–Co superalloy is large and the forming range is narrow, the hot deformation behavior of Ni–Cr–Co superalloy was studied by hot compression experiments on a Gleeble-3800 under different deformation conditions (deformation temperature: 950–1200 °C, strain rate: 0.01–10 s−1, and deformation: 60 %). The modified Johnson–Cook, modified Zerilli–Armstrong and strain compensated Arrhenius models were constructed based on the stress–strain curves corrected for friction and temperature. The correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE) were compared to verify the accuracy of the model. The results showed that the strain compensated Arrhenius model had high accuracy, the modified Zerilli–Armstrong had high accuracy in predicting the flow behavior above 1100 °C, while the modified Johnson cook had high accuracy only under the reference conditions. Electron back-scattered diffraction analysis showed that high-angle grain boundaries formed when the low-angle grain boundaries piled up to a certain extent, which is beneficial for refining the as-cast microstructure, and the increase in strain rate was beneficial for refining the microstructure and promoting the occurrence of recrystallization.
Computational study of intravenous magnetic drug targeting using implanted magnetizable stent
Authors: Krafcik Andrej , Babincova Melania , Babinec Peter , Frollo Ivan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Magnetic carriers for guiding, delivery, and capturing of drugs to desired place attract interest in the field of smart treatment of various pathological conditions. Presented paper, therefore, deals with one such application with the theoretical model of magnetic fluid flow through vessel bifurcation with one arm treated with ferromagnetic vascular stent placed in an external originally homogeneous magnetic field. This flow was described as laminar Newtonian incompressible continuum of the magnetic many-bead system, with Reynolds number

≈
1

$\approx 1$

, using magnetic force variant of the Nernst–Planck equation coupled with the Navier–Stokes equations, solved numerically by the finite element method (FEM). This approach allowed us to quantify capturing efficiency of magnetic beads in each arm of bifurcation vessels. Results show reduction of the number of magnetic beads entering as well as leaving the arm treated with stent in comparison with the untreated one. For stented bifurcation arm, the significant amount of beads are captured to its luminal surface, which may be used for drug delivery using magnetic carriers.
Detection of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide in a rat model of aortic regurgitation: differential responses to omecamtiv mecarbil
Authors: El Oumeiri Bachar , van de Borne Philippe , Hubesch Géraldine , Jespers Pascale , Dewachter Laurence , Stefanidis Constantin , Mc Entee Kathleen , Vanden Eynden Frédéric 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Both N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and soluble isoform of ST2 (sST2) have been identified as biomarkers of heart failure. We evaluated the plasma levels of NT-proBNP and sST2 in a rat model of severe aortic valve regurgitation (AR) and correlated these findings with echocardiographic measurements. We also examined the impact of omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) on these parameters.

Methods
The plasma levels of NT-proBNP and sST2 were measured in 18 rats both before and 2 months after surgical induction of AR, and at these same time points, in six rats assigned to a sham-procedure control group. Plasma biomarkers were then measured again after infusion of OM or placebo in rats with AR (n=8 and 10, respectively) and OM alone in the sham control rats (n=6). Echocardiographic measurements were collected before and 2 months after induction of AR.

Results
Our results revealed increased levels of plasma NT-proBNP (219 ± 34 pg/mL vs. 429 ± 374 pg/mL; p<0.001) in rats with AR at day 7 after infusion of placebo, whereas plasma levels of sST2 were higher in this cohort after infusion of either OM or placebo. We identified a significant positive correlation between plasma sST2 with posterior wall thickness in diastole (r=0.34, p<0.05) and total body weight (r=0.45, p<0.01) in rats with surgically induced AR.

Conclusions
Because sST2 increased markedly, whereas NT-proBNP remained unchanged, when OM was administered, we hypothesize that sST2 has a distinct capability to detect deleterious effects of passive muscle tension, not reliably assessed by NT-proBNP, in the setting of AR.