bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of new Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 and its disease resistance of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)
Authors: Yang Shijia , Jin Duo , Li Hui , Jiang Lingzhi , Cui Jun , Huang Weitao , Rang Jie , Li YunLong , Xia Liqiu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 with antagonistic effects on 11 major fish pathogens (especially Aeromonas hydrophila), but had no toxicity to grass carp, was screened from the sediment of fishponds. In vivo colonization studies showed that strain S3 could be colonized and distributed in the gill and abdomen of the grass carp. Bioassay results showed that the weight growth rate of grass carp in the strain S3 oral group (16.01%) and strain S3 immersion group (16.44%) was significantly higher than those of the control group (8.61%). At the same time, the activities of ACP, AKP, CAT and GSH‐Px in the serum of grass carp in oral and immersion groups were significantly higher than those of the control group. In addition, the treatment with strain S3 could significantly upregulate the expression of the antioxidant‐related genes and immune‐related genes Keap1, Nrf2, C3, LZM, IgM, TLR‐4 and MyD‐88 in grass carp tissues. The challenge test showed that strain S3 treatment significantly increased the survival rate of grass carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that strain S3 had 16 active metabolite gene clusters, indicating that it had abundant gene resources, which provided important support for its development for fish microecological preparations. In summary, a new strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 with antibacterial activity against a variety of fish pathogens was screened in this study and its probiotic function was evaluated, proving its potential value in fisheries.
Energy and exergy analysis of the temperature and relative humidity controlled infrared convective walnut drying
Authors: Karaca Dolgun Gülşah , Aktaş Mustafa , Oskaybaş Emlek Betül , Erinç Hakan , Dolgun Ekin Can 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, energy and exergy analyses of the closed‐cycle infrared (IR) convective walnut drying were performed. The effects of the combined heat transfer, product–source distance, and temperature–relative humidity (RH) control on the food quality of walnuts and performance were investigated. Experiments were conducted with and without an IR lamp. The temperature and RH of the drying air were set at 40°C and 20%, respectively. The distance between the product and the IR source was changed to 20 cm and 30 cm. The coefficient of performance values of the whole system changed between 1.56 and 2.34. Exergy efficiencies varied between 60.81% and 88.19% without IR and 72.73%–78.54% with IR. Energy and time savings increased by 14.7% and 26.1%, respectively, with using IR at a 20 cm distance compared with the convective system. The fatty acid composition of walnut samples and chemical properties of walnut samples such as total phenolic content, oil, ash, color, antioxidant activity, peroxide values, free fatty acid, conjugated trienes, conjugated dienes, saponification value, and iodine number parameters were analyzed. Food analysis results of all dried walnuts were in the acceptable range. As a result, energy and time savings were achieved with the desired food quality.Novelty impact statementThis application makes it possible to achieve the desired conditions with less energy. In this study, the effects of heat transfer mechanisms, the effect of using two mechanisms together, and the effects of the variables within each mechanism on the drying of walnuts were investigated. It has been observed that the addition of an infrared heat source with the right and suitable application shortens the drying time as well as saves energy. As a result of the food quality analysis, it was determined that all products dried without deteriorating the food quality. The closed‐cycle intermittent infrared convective drying system is recommended for industrial use.
Probiotic characterization of indigenous lactic acid bacteria isolates from chickens to be used as biocontrol agents in poultry industry
Authors: Moretti Ana F. , Gamba Raúl , De Antoni Graciela , Peláez Ángela León , Golowczyc Marina A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used as probiotics to improve animal health and production. This study aimed to characterize and assess three LAB, Ligilactobacillus salivarius 1234C, Ligilactobacillus agilis 1235C and Enterococcus durans 12311C, isolated from chicken, as potential probiotic candidates to improve the production parameters of commercial poultry. Resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, growth in alternative culture media, antagonistic activity against Salmonella and mycotoxigenic fungi were investigated. Additionally, the strains were added to poultry feed to evaluate their in vivo effect. The three LAB showed high survival rates after sequential gastric and intestinal conditions, demonstrated bactericidal activity against Salmonella and were able to grow in alternative culture media. Also, ligilactobacilli strains exerted fungicidal activity against mycotoxigenic fungi. In vivo assay showed that dietary supplementation of a multi‐microbe probiotic product with 107 CFU/ml significantly increased (p < .05) height: crypt depth ratio at 16 days compared to controls and promoted the highest average weight in chickens. Thus, three novel LAB strains with potential as probiotic properties have been characterized and could be considered probiotic candidates for animal production.Novelty impact statementIt is important to find novel probiotic candidates to improve and complement current treatment strategies in the poultry industry. Three indigenous lactic acid bacteria from poultry were found to possess suitable in vitro probiotic properties. Moreover, the inclusion of these strains as a multi‐microbe probiotic product in the diet of broiler chickens had no adverse effects on the general health status of broilers and showed a positive effect on the average daily weight at the final growth period.
Disagreement in Consumer Inflation Expectations
Authors: ŁYZIAK TOMASZ , SHENG XUGUANG SIMON 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBy carefully matching the data sets from the Michigan Survey of Consumers with the Survey of Professional Forecasters, we show that there exists substantial heterogeneity in the propensity of U.S. households to learn from experts in forming inflation expectations. Additional results for a group of European economies broadly confirm this observation. We advance an extended version of the sticky‐information model to analyze disagreement in consumer inflation expectations. Besides differences in consumers' propensities to learn, disagreement in our model arises from heterogeneity in consumers' fundamental inflation and past expectations and experts' different views about future inflation.
Evaluating the effectiveness of stromal‐vascular fraction (SVF) cells along with subcision method in the treatment of acne scars: A double‐blind randomized controlled clinical trial study
Authors: Roohaninasab Masoumeh , Seifadini Azadeh , Atefi Najmolsadat , Sadeghzadeh‐Bazargan Afsaneh , Goodarzi Azadeh , Hanifnia Amir Reza , Nouri Maryam , Zare Sona , Moradi Sepideh , Dehghani Abbas , Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Behrangi Elham 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubcision method is one of the main techniques for treatment of acne scars or stromal‐vascular fraction (SVF) and combined therapy can improve treatment strategy.ObjectiveTo use subcision method along with SVF for treatment of acne scar and comprised with alone subcision method.Materials and MethodsIn this double‐blind clinical trial study, 10 patients with acne scars were entered into the study. Subcision technique was randomly performed on one side of the face and subcision technique plus SVF on opposite side of the face. All patients were examined before treatment and after 3 months by Visioface for volume, area, and depth of scars, as well as thickness and density of the epidermis and dermis of the scars in question. In addition, doctor's and patients' satisfaction, tolerability, and safety were determined after 3 months of treatment. Finally, statistical analysis was done by SPPS, version 25.ResultsIn terms of volume and area of scars, the mean percent change was 46.55 ± 13.92 and 44.60 ± 5.76, for the case group, and 13.31 ± 9.27 and 11.28 ± 9.64 for the control group, respectively. So, combined therapy led to significant recovery compared with alone subcision method (pvalue < 0.001). In both interventions, the increase of density and thickness was proven after treatment, also a significant difference in complete, epidermal, and dermal thickness and epidermal density variables was observed between combined therapy and alone subcision (pvalue < 0.05). Mean score of doctor's and patients' satisfaction in combined therapy (7.10 ± 0.74 and 7.10 ± 0.99, respectively), was also significantly higher than subcision alone (5.50 ± 0.53 and 5.30 ± 1.25, respectively). Finally, no complications were observed in the patients.ConclusionAccording to the acquired results, combined therapy can be considered as effective and safe treatment for acne scars with significant higher efficacy compared with subcision alone.
Correlation of skin cancer and actinic keratosis‐related knowledge and sun protection behaviors and sunscreen use among a sample of Jordanian population
Authors: Saleh Mais M. , Awwad Oriana , Abdel Jalil Mariam Hantash , Al‐Qerem Walid , Saleh Maen , Al Thaher Yazan , Abdelghany Sharif 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of skin cancer and actinic keratosis has increased worldwide. Measuring the public awareness, attitude, and knowledge about these diseases and the skin protection behaviors are highly important to undertake preventive measures.MethodsTo investigate skin cancer and actinic keratosis‐related knowledge, sun protection behaviors, and sunscreen usage among Jordanians, a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was provided as a google form to individuals via social media and the data were analyzed using SPSS® 23.ResultsA total of 1277 individuals, aged 18–65 years filled the questionnaire. The median melanoma and actinic keratosis knowledge score were 7 (4–9) and 4 (0–9), respectively. The melanoma knowledge was higher among females, those with a medical background, a high level of education, and in the central region, whereas the AK knowledge was higher among those with a medical background. Overall, 75.9% of the participants used sunscreen at least often to prevent sunburn, uneven skin tone, or tanning, 72% were using sunscreen with an SPF of 30 at least. However, 45.3% and 49.2% of sunscreen users did not comply with application, and reapplication times, respectively. Moreover, 58.4% of participants applied less than the recommended amount of sunscreen.ConclusionOur study revealed that public awareness of actinic keratosis is low among Jordanians. Although it was found that a high proportion of Jordanians use sunscreens there are deficits in sunscreen practice indicating an urgent need to design effective interventions to increase awareness of actinic keratosis and correct use of sunscreen via health campaigns or healthcare professions.
Diagnosis and treatment of infected wounds: A multi‐centre audit of current clinical practice across the UK, Ireland and Scandinavia
Authors: Hampton Jane , Sharpe Andrew , McCluskey Pat , Styche Tim , Hughes Jacqui , Woodmansey Emma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesSurveillance of wound infection including signs of infection alongside antimicrobial usage (types, duration, frequency) can highlight knowledge gaps and inconsistencies. This manuscript aims to highlight these, identify and inform opportunities for practice improvement and to show impact of infection management practice may be having on the issue of antimicrobial resistance.BackgroundInfected wounds pose challenges to healthcare professionals. Balancing risk of wound deterioration and progression to systemic infection with appropriate use of antimicrobials is necessary to minimise development of resistance.MethodsAnalysis consisted of a practice survey of 9661 wounds across 70 community sites over a period of one week. Data were collected from projects between 2017 and 2020. The form was available to providers within the UK, Ireland, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and Finland. EQUATOR research guidelines were followed; STROBE checklist for observational research reporting was completed.ResultsInfection rates of 8.9% were reported from wounds assessed. These data indicate inconsistencies with diagnosis across practice with non‐specialists more likely to be unsure of wound infection. Greater confidence in infection identification was observed as number of signs increased. Inconsistencies were also observed in appropriate treatment; antimicrobials were used in 35% of wounds considered not infected and not used in 41% of wounds that were identified as infected.ConclusionsThis investigation of infection management practice of over 9000 wounds provides an insight into diagnosis and treatment of infection. Inconsistencies in diagnosis and treatment of wound infections reported highlight the need for increased education, awareness of diagnosis and treatment of infection.Relevance to clinical practiceVariability in management of infected wounds highlights opportunities to aid more effective diagnosis and treatment of infected wounds. Incorporation of support tools or evidence‐based pathways into practice may enhance confidence in management of local infection, balanced with appropriate use, potentially minimising resistance and improving outcomes.
Effect of different position on inferior vena cava dimensions and its influence on hemodynamics during cesarean section under combined spinal‐epidural anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: You Junli , Li Murong , Fan Wei , Li Tao , Wang Jinping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of the 15° left operating table tilt on the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the hemodynamics of full‐term pregnant women, and to evaluate the efficacy of inferior vena cava collapse index (IVCCI) in predicting hypotension.MethodsAll parturients planning to perform cesarean section (CS) were randomly divided into supine group and 15° group. Their parameters of IVC were measured by ultrasound and then calculated the IVCCI. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) in two positions were recorded from baseline to fetal delivery.ResultsThe IVCCI in the 15° group was significantly lower when compared with that in the supine group (20.40 [18.84–21.60] vs. 21.82 [20.16–22.79] %, p = 0.012). The incidence of hypotension was observed statistically lower in the 15° group than the supine group (27.5% vs. 50%, p = 0.039). Best cut‐off value was 21.69% and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of IVCCI in supine position to predict hypotension was 0.93. Best cut‐off value was 21.78% and area under the ROC curve of IVCCI in supine position to predict hypotension was 0.80.ConclusionsThe 15° left operating table tilt can relieve the extent of compression of IVC and reduce the incidence of hypotension. IVCCI can predict the occurrence of hypotension.
Auxiliary and experimental diagnostic techniques for hydatidiform moles
Authors: Usui Hirokazu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydatidiform moles are classified into complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs), which are androgenetic and diploid, and partial hydatidiform moles (PHM), which are triploid with two paternal chromosomes and one maternal chromosome. The incidence of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia differs substantially between CHM and PHM. However, they are occasionally difficult to diagnose. In this review, auxiliary and experimental methods based on cytogenetic features and advanced molecular detection techniques applied to the diagnosis and analysis of hydatidiform moles are summarized, including basic principles, characteristics, and clinical implications. Short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis is considered the gold standard for the genetic diagnosis of hydatidiform moles. In clinical settings, immunohistochemical analyses of p57KIP2, an imprinted gene product, are widely used to differentiate CHMs from other conceptuses, including PHMs. Recently, new molecular genetic techniques, such as single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, have been applied to research on hydatidiform moles. In addition to insights from classical methods, such as chromosome analysis, recently developed approaches have yielded novel findings related to the mechanism underlying the development of androgenetic CHMs.
Guglielmo Ferrero (1896), Ibn Kaldoun: an Arab Sociologist of the Fourteenth Century
Authors: Alatas Masturah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFerrero introduces the life of ibn Khaldun and his Prolegomena to History, relying on William Mac Guckin de Slane's French translation of the work. Ferrero is one of the first Europeans to define ibn Khaldun as a sociologist and an original theorist of the concept of civilization as a sociological category. Ferrero's attention to the Khaldunian notion of the “spirit of the body” helps us understand what drives conflict and social change when nomadic and barbarous tribes come into contact with civilized peoples. Ferrero admired and saw contemporary value in ibn Khaldun's analysis of the mechanism behind the rise and fall of empires. Nations and groups are motivated by the zeal to obtain and protect their luxuries; heavy taxation to maintain the wealthy classes lays the ground for corruption and discontent, making societies vulnerable to invasion and control from an outside group, thus regenerating the cycle of civilizational history again.
Older adults’ perceptions and experiences of ageism during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: McDarby Meghan , Ju Catherine H. , Picchiello Matthew C. , Carpenter Brian D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current study investigates older adults’ perceptions of ageism in the United States during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Using tenets of Stereotype Embodiment Theory and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes Map framework, we sought to (a) examine whether older adults experienced ageism as self‐relevant during the pandemic and (b) understand whether older adults experienced certain media messages and interpersonal behaviors during the pandemic and interpreted them as being motivated by potentialpaternalistic age stereotypes. Older adults aged 65 and older recruited from the community (n= 73) participated in a semi‐structured interview about their perspectives on ageism toward older adults during the pandemic. Participants also completed an online survey about their experiences with a range of messages and interpersonal behaviors throughout the pandemic. We thematically analyzed interview data and identified three primary themes: self‐relevance of age stereotypes; awareness of negative, overgeneralized portrayals of older adults; and defenses against self‐relevance of age stereotypes. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency counts and suggest that participants attributed messages and behaviors potentially imbued with paternalistic ageism as motivated primarily by care and concern for older adults. The findings add to the field's understanding of older adults’ experiences and perceptions of ageism in the media and in interpersonal behaviors in the context of COVID‐19.
Use of perceived weights for scale familiarization in a PROP taster classification procedure
Authors: Yousaf Neeta Y. , Zheng Yintong , Yi Jiakun , Tepper Beverly J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLabeled magnitude scales are commonly used in sensory testing especially in PROP‐tasting studies. Frequently, subjects are asked to complete a familiarization task before the test begins to check if they understand the scale and can use it effectively. A variety of familiarization tasks have been used, but validation studies are sparse. In the present study, subjects assessed the “heaviness” of five weights held in the hand and were then classified by PROP status using a standard screening protocol with NaCl as a reference standard. Results showed that perceived heaviness increased with increasing weight, and this was independent of PROP status. When the mean of the two highest weights was used as the reference standard in the PROP screening protocol, subjects were classified similarly. Weight estimation is effective as a general familiarization task and can also be used as an external (nontaste) standard in PROP screening.Practical ApplicationsSubjects benefit from practice using labeled magnitude scales before they are asked to rate samples or products. The weight estimation task described here is easy for subjects to understand and use and quick to administer. This procedure can be used as a general familiarization task in sensory testing and as part of a PROP screening procedure.
Effects of trazodone administration on the neurologic examination in healthy dogs
Authors: Lueck Lizabeth C. , Cameron Starr , Zidan Natalia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrazodone is an anxiolytic used PO to decrease anxiety in dogs. Whether or not trazodone affects the neurologic examination in dogs has not been previously reported.ObjectiveInvestigate whether trazodone administration is associated with changes in the neurologic examination in healthy dogs.AnimalsThirty‐two healthy dogs between 1 and 6 years old with no previously diagnosed medical conditions and perceived by their owners as neurologically normal.MethodsBaseline sedation and anxiety assessments and neurologic examination were performed on each dog, followed by trazodone administration (6.25‐8.60 mg/kg PO). The sedation and anxiety assessments and neurologic examination were repeated 2.5 hours after trazodone administration. The examinations were performed by a single board‐certified veterinary neurologist and were video‐recorded. The videos were randomized and reviewed by a different neurologist, blinded to the previous evaluations, who scored the examinations.ResultsSeven of 32 (22%) dogs had worse scores on their neurologic examination after receiving trazodone, manifesting as new or progressive PR deficits. Although not clinically relevant, 18.7% of the dogs had consciousness levels that changed from bright, alert, responsive to quiet, alert, responsive after trazodone administration. No other changes were observed on neurologic examination. Sedation and anxiety scores were significantly different after trazodone administration compared to before (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMost dogs did not have changes on neurologic examination after trazodone administration. However, approximately 20% of dogs had new or worsening PR deficits after receiving trazodone. Ideally, trazodone should not be given before neurologic examination in dogs.
The effect of education on homeownership: Evidence from 20th century school attendance laws in the United States
Authors: Silles Mary A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article examines the causal impact of schooling on the probability of homeownership using decennial US Census data between 1960 and 2000. This is done by employing an instrumental variable approach that exploits historical changes in state mandatory schooling and child labour laws which affected the educational attainment of individuals with relatively low levels of schooling. Aggregate results suggest that policy‐induced increases in schooling at the bottom of the educational distribution have a positive impact on homeownership rates of 1.9 percentage points. Disaggregated results reveal that the impact of education is highest among individuals who are located in the middle and top terciles of the income distribution with no effect of additional education in the lowest tercile. These results add to the growing body of literature which suggests that education may lead to positive outcomes beyond labour market earnings.