bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytologically proven leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer patients: Experience in a tertiary referral center
Authors: Kuo Chen‐Ya , Chang Wei‐Yuan , Lin Ming‐Tsan , Shun Chia‐Tung , Tsai Shang‐Jie , Chang Chin‐Hao , Cheng Tsu‐Yao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLeptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) is a rare but devastating complication of advanced cancer. The reported incidence may be underestimated because of the non‐specific clinical presentation and the suboptimal accuracy of the confirmation tests. Despite advances in multidisciplinary care, the prognosis for patients with LMC remains poor. Gastric cancer (GC) ranking 9th in incidence among all kinds of malignancies in Taiwan. We aimed to review our experience with LMC in GC patients at a tertiary referral center to analyze the clinical features and survival outcomes. All patients with a malignant diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology at the National Taiwan University Hospital were reviewed from January 2002 to December 2018. The survival analysis was calculated by the Kaplan‐Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with survival. We identified 18 patients with a diagnosis of GC‐related LMC. LMC occurred in approximately 0.45% of GC patients during this period. Nine (50%) were male, and the median age was 58.5 years old. The most frequent neurological symptom of these patients was altered mental status (72.2%), followed by headache (44.4%) and nausea/vomiting (44.4%). Intracranial hypertension was noted in 87.5% with the mean opening pressure to be 385.3 mmCSF. Intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy was administered to nine patients, principally with methotrexate alone (55.6%). Fourteen patients received CSF drainage by ventriculo‐peritoneal shunt or external ventricular drainage via Ommaya reservoir for relieving intracranial hypertension. In the univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the poor ECOG performance status (>2), absence of other metastases, and absence of CSF drainage were all prognostic factors of poor survival. In conclusion, LMC was a rare manifestation of GC and was associated with an extremely poor survival when the performance status was poor at presentation. CSF drainage may have some impact on the survival duration in selected cases with LMC.
A Highly Active Palladium System Catalyzed C2‐Arylation of N‐Acyl Pyrroles with Aryl Halides and Their Biological Activity
Authors: Chen Weiqiang , Liu Mei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe formation of C−C bonds is a fundamental bond construction in organic synthesis. In this study, a highly active palladium catalytic system has been developed for the C2‐arylation of N‐acyl pyrroles with aryl halides in the help of copper additive and K2CO3. The reactions proceed smoothly under mild conditions and have excellent functional group compatibility. Especially, this protocol provides a straightforward method for the utilization of aryl chlorides in coupling reactions. A variety of valuable arylated N‐acyl pyrroles were synthesized and found to exhibit certain anti‐inflammatory activity.
Particle Spin Described by Quantum Hamilton Equations
Authors: Beyer Michael , Paul Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe anomalous Zeeman effect made it clear that charged particles like the electron possess a magnetic dipole moment. Classically, this could be understood if the charged particle possesses an eigenrotation, that is, spin. Within Nelson's stochastic mechanics, it was shown that the model of a rotating charged ball is able to reproduce the well‐known spin expectation values. This classically motivated model of intrinsic rotation described in terms of a stochastic process is revisited here within the formalism of stochastic optimal control theory. Quantum Hamilton equations (QHE) for spinning particles are derived, which reduce to their classical counterpart in the zero quantum noise limit. These equations enable the calculation of the common spin expectation values without the use of the wave function. They also offer information on the orientation dynamics of the magnetic moment of charged particles beyond the behavior of the spin averages.
Colloidal Photonic Crystal‐Enhanced Fluorescence of Gold Nanoclusters: A Highly Sensitive Solid‐state Fluorescent Probe for Creatinine
Authors: Thomas Meghana Mary , Babu Aswathy , Chandran Parvathy R , S Silpa T , Pillai Saju 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are an intensely pursued class of fluorophores with excellent biocompatibility, high water solubility, and ease of further conjugation. However, their low quantum yield limits their applications, such as ultra‐sensitive chemical or molecular sensing. To address this problem, various strategies have been adopted for augmenting their fluorescence intensity. Herein, we report a facile and scalable approach for the fluorescence enhancement of bovine serum albumin (BSA) capped AuNCs (BSA‐AuNCs) using periodic, close‐packed polystyrene colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs). The slow photon effect at the bandgap edges is utilized for the increased light‐matter interactions and thereby enhancing the fluorescence intensity of the BSA‐AuNCs. Compared to the planar polystyrene control sample, the CPC film yielded a 14‐fold enhancement in fluorescence intensity. Further, we demonstrated the as‐prepared BSA‐AuNCs‐CPC as a solid‐state platform for the highly sensitive and selective fluorescence turn‐off detection of creatinine at nanomolar level.
Synthesis of tetracyclic 4H‐benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,4‐d]oxazoles via palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular direct heteroarylation
Authors: Kumar Sujeet , Kajol Km , Nayak Prakash , Kumar Amit , Ramesh Chintakunta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report a palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular direct heteroarylation of oxazole tethered β‐naphthols to access corresponding tetracyclic 4H‐benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,4‐d]oxazoles. Various functional groups are well tolerated and furnished the desired products in good to excellent yields under the present reaction conditions. The scale‐up reaction and synthetic utility of the resulting molecules have been demonstrated. Moreover, UV/vis absorption and fluorescence emission properties have been evaluated for these polyheterocyclic compounds.
Plasmonic Copper‐activated ZnO Microarrays for Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Thakur Anupma , Maitra Soumyajit , Sinha R. K. , Devi Pooja 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present work, green synthesized plasmonic copper nanostructures derived from carbon quantum dots (PCQDs) activated ZnO microarrays (MAs) based catalyst system is developed and studied for photocatalytic activity and photoelectrocatalytic water splitting. CQDs are synthesized from pharmaceutical waste and used as a reducing agent to synthesize PCQDs of an average size of 10±2 nm. PCQDs decorated ZnO (PCQDs/ZnO) MAs exhibited enhanced photocurrent density of ∼7.1 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE), which is ∼11 fold to ZnO MAs alone (0.65 mA/cm2). The catalyst exhibits an ABPE of 1.07% at 0.7 V (vs. RHE), IPEC of 8.8% for 450 nm, and hydrogen production rate of 435 μmol/h. The enhanced PEC characteristics are assigned to the improved photons collection and better charge transfer for their participation in oxidation/reduction reaction. The same is well supported with DFT studies for the PCQDs/ZnO MAs catalyst for the first time.
Recent progress on photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy
Authors: Kim Heejeong , Yang Mengyao , Kwon Nahyun , Cho Moonyeon , Han Jingjing , Wang Rui , Qi Sujie , Li Haidong , Nguyen Van‐Nghia , Li Xingshu , Cheng Hong‐Bo , Yoon Juyoung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNoninvasive treatments for terminal cancer patients constitute a new trend in tumor treatment. Therefore, phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has attracted considerable interest. Light and a photosensitizer (PS) are employed in both treatment methods. For PDT, the PS generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to light, whereas for PTT, the PS generates heat. In this regard, the systematic design of new PSs has become an active area of phototherapy research in an effort to solve the problems associated with conventional PSs. In the past decade, activatable and heavy‐atom‐free PSs have become significant research areas. Therefore, we discuss our recent contributions to the PDT and PTT in this account.
Association between insomnia and frailty in older population: A meta‐analytic evaluation of the observational studies
Authors: Wen Quan , Yan Xue , Ren Zhong , Wang Bo , Liu Yuqiu , Jin Xi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionPoor sleep quality has been suggested as a risk factor of frailty. However, previous studies that evaluated the association between insomnia and frailty in older population showed inconsistent results. We performed a meta‐analysis to comprehensively evaluate the association.MethodsObservational studies related to the aim of the meta‐analysis were identified by search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A random‐effect model incorporating the potential between‐study heterogeneity was used to pool the results.ResultsTwelve studies including 16,895 old people contributed to the meta‐analysis. Pooled results suggested a significant association between insomnia and frailty in the older population (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52–2.41, p < .001; I2 = 80%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent association between different symptoms of insomnia and frailty, including difficulty in falling asleep (OR: 1.45), difficulty in maintaining sleep (OR: 1.23), early morning awakening (OR: 1.21), and non‐restorative sleep (OR: 1.84, p for subgroup difference = .15). Results were also consistent for subgroup analyses according to the study country, sample size, cutoffs of age for defining the older population, proportions of men, diagnostic criteria for frailty, adjustment of depression, and scores of study quality (p for subgroup difference all > .05). However, a stronger association was observed for insomnia detected with the Athens Insomnia Scale (OR: 2.92) than that with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (OR: 1.30) or self‐reporting (OR: 1.60, p for subgroup difference = .002).ConclusionInsomnia is independently associated with frailty in the older population.
Characterization of human islet function in a convection‐driven intravascular bioartificial pancreas
Authors: Santandreu Ana G. , Taheri‐Tehrani Parsa , Feinberg Benjamin , Torres Alonso , Blaha Charles , Shaheen Rebecca , Moyer Jarrett , Wright Nathan , Szot Gregory L. , Fissell William H. , Vartanian Shant , Posselt Andrew , Roy Shuvo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClinical islet transplantation for treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is limited by the shortage of pancreas donors and need for lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. A convection‐driven intravascular bioartificial pancreas (iBAP) based on highly permeable, yet immunologically protective, silicon nanopore membranes (SNM) holds promise to sustain islet function without the need for immunosuppressants. Here, we investigate short‐term functionality of encapsulated human islets in an iBAP prototype. Using the finite element method (FEM), we calculated predicted oxygen profiles within islet scaffolds at normalized perifusion rates of 14–200 nl/min/IEQ. The modeling showed the need for minimum in vitro and in vivo islet perifusion rates of 28 and 100 nl/min/IEQ, respectively to support metabolic insulin production requirements in the iBAP. In vitro glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) profiles revealed a first‐phase response time of <15 min and comparable insulin production rates to standard perifusion systems (~10 pg/min/IEQ) for perifusion rates of 100–200 nl/min/IEQ. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), performed at a perifusion rate of 100–170 nl/min/IEQ in a non‐diabetic pig, demonstrated a clinically relevant C‐peptide production rate (1.0–2.8 pg/min/IEQ) with a response time of <5 min.
Virtual brand experience in digital reality advertising: Conceptualization and measurement
Authors: Lee Heejun , Cho Chang‐Hoan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study explores virtual brand experience (VBE), a new type of brand experience, and develops a corresponding measurement scale. The VBE scale includes five dimensions (social, intellectual, sensory, behavioral, and affective), and is validated by examining the sequential relationships among VBE, brand engagement, and consumer responses to digital reality ads. A path model shows that the social dimension is the most influential factor affecting consumer engagement with brands featured in digital reality ads. The findings indicate that VBE, given its multisensory interactive nature, can be considered equivalent to a direct experience despite it being a mediated one (i.e., indirect experience). This study contributes to the digital marketing literature and highlights the practical benefits of digital reality as a compelling branding tool in digital marketing.
Methodologies based on ASCA to elucidate the influence of a subprocess: Vinification as a case of study
Authors: Schorn‐García Daniel , Giussani Barbara , Busto Olga , Aceña Laura , Mestres Montserrat , Boqué Ricard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn food manufacturing and processing, food matrix complexity usually makes it difficult to detect unwanted subprocesses, which can impact the quality of the final product. In the case of wine alcoholic fermentation, the main process is the conversion of sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide, but the presence of some unwanted microorganisms could lead to wine contamination by production of undesired minor compounds. In the study we present, an intentional contamination of the vinification process by the addition of acetic acid bacteria was studied using a portable Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectrometer. ANOVA simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) was used to unravel these minor variability sources. However, as the subprocess is two orders of magnitude lower in concentration than the main process, different methodologies were used to enhance the ASCA results, such as to select a specific spectral region related to acetic acid bacteria metabolism, to divide the process in time intervals related to the different phases, or to unfold the data matrix in different ways. In addition, spectral preprocessing was optimized to scale up small peaks related to the subprocess. Our results show that several methodologies to build ASCA models can be applied to emphasize and better characterize bacteria contamination subprocesses.
Bayesian statistics study of a sustainable dissolution of cobalt‐bearing minerals from Cu‐Co ores
Authors: Mbuya Bienvenu , Meta‐Mvita Jonathan , Mulaba‐Bafubiandi Antoine F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present paper discusses the dissolution of cobalt‐bearing minerals from a copper‐cobalt ore using probabilistic models where a priori and a posteriori knowledge of leaching are used to predict the dissolution of cobalt‐bearing minerals in a sulphuric acid medium in the presence of a reducing agent. Priorly, the dissolution of cobalt‐bearing minerals depends on their mineralogy, leading to the use of FeSO4 as a reducing agent for the trivalent (Co3+) form of cobalt (CoOOH). A posteriori, the dissolution of Co3+ is improved by the presence of ferrous ions, resulting from the dissolution of Fe‐bearing minerals, including Fe from Co(Fe)OOH. The results showed that the predictive‐oriented probabilistic graphic models based on the Bayesian approach, in combination with the design of the experiment data, made it possible to model the leaching of cobalt‐bearing minerals. The results from the design of the experiment using the experimental tree methodology associated with the optimization of the multiple responses in a multiple input for a multiple output set‐up derived the following optimized parameters: 60°C for the temperature (T), 850 rpm for the agitation, 40% for the solid percentage, 1.5 for the pH, and 4 g/L for the concentration of the Fe2+ ion. The cobalt dissolution yield obtained was 89.95%. The analysis of the dependence between the random variables only (P(Fe2+|T), P(pH|T), and P(Fe2+|pH)) and the dependence between the random variables and the responses (P(Co‐yield|pH, Eh)) allowed the construction of two Bayesian networks, respectively, with and without posterior knowledge. For the Bayesian network with posteriori knowledge, the {5–2} structure was found to be the most appropriate arrangement. The model predicted a cobalt yield value, and the experimental value indicated a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.861.
Phase 2 prospective open label study of neoadjuvant nab‐paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab in patients with HER2‐positive primary breast cancer
Authors: Lavasani Sayeh M. , Somlo George , Yost Susan E. , Frankel Paul H. , Ruel Christopher , Cui Yujie , Murga Mireya , Tang Aileen , Martinez Norma , Kruper Laura , Tumyan Lusine , Schmolze Daniel , Yeon Christina , Yuan Yuan , Waisman James R. , Mortimer Joanne 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nab‐paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab as neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 HER2+ breast cancer (HER2+ BC) to determine pathologic complete response (pCR), invasive disease‐free survival (iDFS), and overall survival.MethodsForty‐five patients with HER2+ BC Stages II–III were to be enrolled from 2013 to 2017. Patients were treated with weekly nab‐paclitaxel (100 mg/m2 intravenously), weekly trastuzumab (4 mg/kg loading dose, then 2 mg/kg), and six cycles of pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose, then 420 mg intravenously day 1 every 21 days).ResultsMedian follow‐up was 60 months (95% CI, 32.3–55.6) and pCR was 29/45 (64%). The 5‐year iDFS for patients who achieved pCR (N = 29) was 96.3% (95% CI, 76.5–99.5) and non‐pCR patients (N = 16) was 74.3% (95% CI, 39.1–91.0). The 5‐year overall survival (N = 45) was 94.1% (95% CI, 77.6–98.5). Based on hormonal status, the 5‐year iDFS for HR+ pCR patients (N = 14) was 92.3% (95% CI, 56.6–98.9) and for HR− (N = 15) was 100% (p = .3).ConclusionsThis anthracycline/carboplatin‐free regimen with nab‐paclitaxel achieved a pCR rate of 64% in patients with HER2+ BC. The 5‐year iDFS in patients with and without pCR was 96.3% and 74.3%, respectively. The pCR rate is comparable with docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab therapy in the NAT setting, but with fewer treatment‐associated toxicities. This finding suggests the possibility of safe avoidance of anthracyclines and carboplatin as components of NAT in patients with HER2+ BC.
Dual‐band electrochromic materials for energy‐saving smart windows
Authors: Zhao Siming , Wang Baoshun , Zhu Na , Huang Ya , Wang Fei , Li Run , Zhao Yanlong , Jiang Qinyuan , Wu Xueke , Zhang Rufan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSmart windows refer to those which can dynamically modulate the transmitted light by changing their colors. Dual‐band electrochromic materials (ECMs) refer to materials that can change their colors and regulate light transmission in both visible (VIS) and infrared (IR) regions under different voltages. The dual‐band ECMs‐based building windows can thus regulate the indoor temperature to reduce the energy consumption for heating and air‐conditioning systems. Therefore, the wide application of ECMs in building windows will contribute a lot to establishing an energy‐saving society. During the past decades, enormous efforts have been made to improve the performance of dual‐band ECMs. This review presents a summary of the recent progress of dual‐band ECMs, focusing on their modulation mechanism, material design, and performance optimization. Finally, the challenges and outlook of dual‐band ECMs are also discussed.
Equine metabolism of the selective androgen receptor modulator YK‐11 in urine and plasma following oral administration
Authors: Harding Caitlin , Viljanto Marjaana , Habershon‐Butcher Jocelyn , Taylor Polly , Scarth James 
Published: December 2022

AbstractYK‐11 is a steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator, a compound class prohibited in both equine racing and human sports because of their potentially performance enhancing properties. YK‐11 is easily accessible via internet‐based supplement vendors making this compound a possible candidate for doping; however, its phases I and II metabolism has not yet been reported in the horse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo metabolites of YK‐11 in urine and plasma following oral administration with three daily doses of 50 mg to two Thoroughbred horses. In vitro incubations with equine liver microsomes/S9 were also performed for use as metabolite reference materials; however, this resulted in the formation of 79 metabolites with little overlap with the in vivo metabolism. In plasma, parent YK‐11 and seven phase I metabolites were detected, with five of them also observed in vitro. They were present nonconjugated in plasma, with one metabolite also indicating some glucuronide conjugation. In urine, 11 phase I metabolites were observed, with four of them also observed in vitro and six of them also detected in plasma. Nine metabolites were excreted non‐conjugated in urine, with two of them also indicating some sulfate conjugation. Two minor metabolites were detected solely as sulfate conjugates. The most abundant analytes in urine were a mono‐O‐demethylated breakdown product and di‐O‐demethylated YK‐11. The most abundant analytes in plasma were two isomers of the breakdown product with an additional hydroxylation reaction, which also provided the longest detection time in both matrices.
How do helpers slow senescence in a Tibetan cooperatively breeding bird?
Authors: Fan Haiying , Guo Weibin , Lu Xin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSociality is known to be capable of slowing individual senescence, but it is unclear whether the effect differs for reproduction versus survival in a sex‐specific manner. Here we predict that social benefits are directed toward (1) somatic maintenance in harsh environments where high survival prospects of adults over young intensify the trade‐off between current and future reproduction, and (2) females that invest more in reproduction and have a greater marginal effect if their survival is improved by reducing the cost of reproduction. These two predictions are tested with cooperatively breeding Tibetan ground tits (Pseudopodoces humilis). Across the lifetime, both mothers and fathers with helpers did not differ in brood size at fledging from their counterparts without helpers. The presence of helpers reduced survival senescence of both parents, but mothers benefited more than fathers from receiving help. Consequently, the inherent sex difference in life span and along with lifetime reproductive success, as expressed in breeders of never‐receiving help, became no longer obvious. The model of social modulation for senescence should facilitate the persistence of cooperative breeding in challenging environments.