bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents' experiences of handling oral anticancer drugs at home: ‘It all falls on me …’
Authors: Akkawi El Edelbi Ranaa , Eksborg Staffan , Kreicbergs Ulrika , Lövgren Malin , Wallén Klara , Ekman Jennie , Lindemalm Synnöve 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to describe the experiences of parents handling oral anticancer drugs in a home setting.MethodsParents of children with cancer were recruited from a paediatric oncology ward in Sweden to participate in an interview. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to qualitative content analysis.ResultsWe found the following categories and subcategories: parents’ views on the provided information—lack of, too little or contradictory information, and parents’ preferences for information delivery; safety over time; correct drug dose; and drug administration. As time passed, most parents adapted to their child's illness, felt safer and found it easier to take in and process any given information. Parents preferred information in different formats (written, movie clips and orally) and in their mother tongue. Many parents were aware of the importance of giving an accurate dose to their child and described the process of drug administration as overwhelming.ConclusionParents need to be provided with accurate, timely, nonconflicting and repeated information—in different forms and in their mother tongue—on how to handle oral anticancer drugs at home.
Plant‐based diets fed to juvenile meagre Argyrosomus regius with low methionine and taurine supplementation led to an overall reduction in fish performance and to an increase in muscle fibre recruitment
Authors: Saavedra Margarida , Pereira Teresa G. , Barata Marisa , Aragão Cláudia , Requeijo Bárbara , Conceição Luís E.C. , Pousão‐Ferreira Pedro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMethionine and taurine are amino acids (AA) that are usually deficient when fish meal is replaced by plant proteins. In this study, three diets were tested in juvenile meagre (initial weight: 13.4 g) for 8 weeks. The D1 diet had 0.2% methionine and 1% taurine supplementation; the D2 and D3 diets had 0.6% methionine and 1% and 2% taurine supplementation, respectively. The results showed that meagre fed the D1 diet had lower specific growth rate (2.2 to 2.5), lower feed efficiency (0.9 to 1.2) and higher food conversion rate (FCR, 1.1 to 0.8) as well as a lower activity of the alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) enzyme. Furthermore, a higher recruitment of muscle fibres (46% compared to 36%) as well as a higher fibre density was observed (1019 compared to 870 fibres mm–2). This study shows that meagre requires a sufficient quantity of methionine in plant‐based diets to avoid a reduction in fish performance. Furthermore, taurine supplementation in the D1 diet was not able to mitigate the effects of methionine deficiency. A higher taurine supplementation did not improve meagre performance.
Cross‐sectional study of the factors associated with the number of teeth in middle‐aged and older persons with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Nonoyama T. , Nonoyama K. , Shimazaki Y. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the number of teeth in middle‐aged and older individuals with intellectual disability and evaluated the related factors.MethodsA questionnaire survey on oral health was administered to 604 persons over 40 years old with intellectual disabilities in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The questionnaire designed for this study included items on diagnosis of disability, severity of intellectual disability and type of residence. As oral‐health‐related factors, the proxy‐reported number of teeth, family dentist, regular dental check‐ups, problems during dental treatment and tooth‐brushing frequency were evaluated. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed using the proxy‐reported number of teeth (≥20, 10–19 or 0–9) as the dependent variable, and the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of independent variables were calculated. In addition, linear regression analysis was performed using the proxy‐reported number of teeth as the dependent variable.ResultsIn the multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis, age, diagnosis of disability and type of residence were significantly associated with having 10–19 versus ≥20 teeth. Participants with autism spectrum disorder had a significantly lower OR for 10–19 teeth compared with those with intellectual disability [OR (95% CI): 0.49 (0.22–1.08)]. Age, diagnosis of disability, regular dental check‐ups and tooth‐brushing frequency were significantly associated with having 0–9 versus ≥20teeth. Participants with Down syndrome had a significantly higher OR for 0–9 teeth compared with those with intellectual disability [OR (95% CI): 3.17 (1.09–9.23)]. The ORs for 0–9 teeth of participants who did not attend regular dental check‐ups and who brushed their teeth 1 time/day compared with ≥3 times/day were significantly high, and the OR (95% CI) was 2.37 (1.06–5.30) and 4.76 (1.09–20.77), respectively. [Corrections made on 22 August 2022, after first online publication: in the previous sentence, “who attend” has been changed to “who did not attend”.] In the multivariate linear regression analysis, age, diagnosis of disability and regular dental check‐ups were significantly associated with the proxy‐reported number of teeth. The proxy‐reported number of teeth was −0.42 less with each 1‐year increase in age. With autism spectrum disorder, the proxy‐reported number of teeth was 0.74 more compared with intellectual disability. In Down syndrome, the proxy‐reported number of teeth was −0.93 less compared with intellectual disability. The proxy‐reported number of teeth was −2.12 less for those who did not have regular dental check‐ups.ConclusionsThe number of teeth in middle‐aged and older individuals with intellectual disability was related to age and the type of disability. Regular dental visits may be effective at preventing tooth loss in middle‐aged and older persons with intellectual disability.
Comparison of Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Different Denture Characterizing Composite Resins: The Effect of Different Surface Treatments
Authors: Bozoğulları Hatice Nalan , Büyükerkmen Emine Begüm , Büyüközer Özkan Hatice 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of surface treatment and type of composite resin material on the color stability and surface roughness of different denture characterizing composites.Materials and methodsTwo nanohybrids [Gradia Plus Gum, (GP) and SR Nexco Paste Gingiva, (SR)] and one microhybrid gingiva‐colored composite resin [Amaris Gingiva, (AG)] were investigated. A total of 120 disk‐shaped samples were prepared, 40 of each material. Samples were divided into two groups (n = 20) for each material according to the surface treatment applied: conventional polishing (control) and coated with a sealant in addition to the surface polishing. All groups were thermocycled. The surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a profilometer after thermal cycling. The samples were then divided into 2 subgroups (n = 10) and stored for 7 days in distilled water or coffee solution. Color differences (ΔE00) were calculated with a spectrophotometer. Results were evaluated with Kruskal‐Wallis and Mann‐Whitney U statistical analysis.ResultsThe type of denture characterizing composite material and surface treatment method revealed statistically significant differences for the ΔE00 (after immersion both in coffee and distilled water) and the Ra values of denture characterizing composite (p < 0.001 for both). All sealed groups showed significantly higher Ra than the all polished groups. Both in the polished groups and the sealant applied groups, the GP had the highest mean Ra values (0.29 ±0.05 μm and 0.47 ±0.09 μm, respectively). It was followed by SR (0.23 ±0.06 μm and 0.41 ±0.10 μm, respectively), and AG groups (0.20 ±0.06 μm and 0.39 ±0.09 μm, respectively). According to the mean ΔE00 results, all composite groups showed significantly higher ΔE00 values immersed in coffee solutions compared to distilled water. In coffee solutions, the highest ΔE00 was observed in the polished GP (1.90 ±0.40), and the lowest ΔE00 was observed in the polished SR (0.97 ±0.36). The sealed groups showed higher ΔE00 than the polished groups, except for GP.ConclusionsThe surface roughness value of sealant applied groups were significantly higher than those of the polished groups. The surface sealant application significantly increased the staining of all composite groups compared to conventional polishing, except for GP.
Comparing associations between personality and loneliness at midlife across three cultural groups
Authors: Freilich Colin D. , Mann Frank D. , Krueger Robert F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveLoneliness represents a public health threat given its central role in predicting adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Prior research has established four of the Big Five personality traits as consistent cross‐sectional predictors of loneliness in largely western, White samples. However, it is not clear if the personality predictors of loneliness vary across cultures.MethodThe present study estimates associations between the Big Five traits and loneliness across distinct samples of White American, Black American, and Japanese adults (n = 6051 at T1). Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used to examine measurement invariance properties of the Big Five and loneliness across these groups. The factor structures were then carried forward to estimate associations between personality and loneliness across two assessments waves using structural equation modeling.ResultsWhile Neuroticism was a strong predictor across groups, low Extraversion was more predictive of loneliness in Japan than in the U.S., and low Conscientiousness was only a significant predictor in the U.S.ConclusionsPrevious literature offers a framework for interpreting these findings in that loneliness may be shaped comparatively more through interconnectedness in Japanese culture, while, in the U.S., individual goals and personal romantic expectations are more salient.
Wait your turn: Pension incentives, workplace rules, and labor supply among Philadelphia municipal workers
Authors: McCarthy David G. , Wang Po‐Lin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLittle academic work has examined the labor supply response to pension incentives at the intensive margin. We explore this issue using individual‐level administrative and pension data for Philadelphia city employees, where workers have some choice about whether or not to perform overtime, which is pensionable. We document large variations across workers in the incentives to do overtime provided by pension rules. Although standard regressions show that worker overtime is positively associated with own expected pension compensation, a robust nonparametric approach that exploits the discontinuities in expected wages due to pensions shows that the elasticity of worker labor supply to expected pension compensation is likely zero: Our standard regression results are likely the consequence of the rule by which overtime is allocated in Philadelphia. We estimate that this rule adds 4% to pension costs and raises total compensation costs by around 0.7% of payroll, and examine the implications for pension underfunding.
Sexual dichromatism and throat display in spectacled salamanders: a role in visual communication?
Authors: Ancillotto L. , Vignoli L. , Martino J. , Paoletti C. , Romano A. , Bruni G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSexual dichromatism in animals is usually associated with mating displays and is linked to strong sexual selection. Among amphibians, it has mostly been reported in anurans and only in a few caudates. Here, we investigated sexual dichromatism in the only two extant species of the genusSalamandrina, testing for its possible role in intraspecific communication during the mating rituals of these terrestrially mating salamanders. In bothS. terdigitataandS. perspicillata, we highlighted that males have more conspicuous ventral colourations, yet this is limited to the throat region, namely featuring rounder, larger and brighter gular white patches than females. We also described a new mating ritual behaviour performed by maleS. perspicillata, that is, a stereotyped throat hyperextension, that enhances the visibility of the dimorphic colouration of the gular region of males, presumably representing a visual cue directed to females. We thereby discuss the potential role of sexual dichromatism in sexual selection and the evolutionary history of the genusSalamandrina.
Bolide fragmentation: What parts of asteroid 2008 TC3 survived to the ground?
Authors: Jenniskens Peter , Robertson Darrel , Goodrich Cyrena A. , Shaddad Muawia H. , Kudoda Ayman , Fioretti Anna M. , Zolensky Michael E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAsteroid 2008 TC3 impacted the Earth's atmosphere with a known shape and orientation. Over 600 meteorites were recovered at recorded locations, including meteorites of nonureilite type. From where in the asteroid did these stones originate? Here, we reconstruct the meteor lightcurve and study the breakup dynamics of asteroid 2008 TC3 in 3‐D hydrodynamic modeling. Two fragmentation regimes are found that explain the lightcurve and strewn field. As long as the asteroid created a wake vacuum, the fragments tended to move into that shadow, where they mixed with small relative velocities and surviving meteorites fell along a narrow strip on the ground. But when the surviving part of the backside and bottom of the asteroid finally collapsed at 33 km altitude, it created an end flare and dust cloud, while fragments were dispersed radially with much higher relative speed due to shock–shock interactions with a distorted shock front. Stones that originated in this final collapse tended to survive in a larger size and fell over a wider area at locations on the ground. Those locations to some extent still trace back to the fragment's original position in the asteroid. We classified the stones from this “large mass” area and used this information to glean some insight into the relative location of recovered ureilites and ordinary and enstatite chondrites in 2008 TC3.
Tirhert and Aouinet Legraa: Rare unbrecciated eucrite falls
Authors: Shisseh Taha , Chennaoui Aoudjehane Hasnaa , Agee Carl B. , Boudouma Omar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTirhert and Aouinet Legraa are the only documented unbrecciated eucrite falls in Africa. Aouinet Legraa fell in Algeria on July 17, 2013. Tirhert's fall occurred about a year later in Morocco, on July 9, 2014. Both meteorites are covered by a black and glossy fusion crust as is typical of eucrites. Tirhert has a poikilitic texture with remnant subophitic pockets, and consists of millimeter‐sized grains of plagioclase (An87‐91), pigeonite (Mg# 42) with augite exsolution lamellae, and interstitial opaque minerals. Aouinet Legraa has a subophitic texture, and it is dominated by plagioclase laths (An82‐89) enclosed by pigeonite (Mg# 37), with exsolution lamellae of augite. Remnant Ca zoning in pyroxene is observed in both rocks, although it is more abundant in Aouinet Legraa than Tirhert. The presence of exsolved pyroxenes suggests that these meteorites have undergone thermal metamorphism. Equilibration temperatures estimated from pigeonite and augite pairs using the QUILF program are ∼931 °C in Tirhert and ∼758 °C in Aouinet Legraa. This indicates that these rocks had distinct thermal histories. Aouinet Legraa has trace element abundances similar to the typical main group eucrite Juvinas, confirming its origin as a main group eucrite. The trace element abundances of Tirhert fall between those of cumulate and main group eucrites. Its rare earth element pattern is flat with a positive Eu anomaly. This likely suggests that Tirhert is a partial cumulate of plagioclase from a main group magma, or a flotation cumulate formed by flotation of plagioclase in a subvolcanic chamber or by scavenging crystals during eruption.
Larval morphology of the avian parasitic genusPasseromyia: playing hide and seek with a parastomal bar
Authors: Walczak Kinga , Szpila Krzysztof , Nelson Leanne , Pape Thomas , Hall Martin J. R. , Alves Fernanda , Grzywacz Andrzej 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe enigmatic larvae of the Old World genusPasseromyiaRodhain & Villeneuve, 1915 (Diptera: Muscidae) inhabit the nests of birds as saprophages or as haematophagous agents of myiasis among nestlings. Using light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we provide the first morphological descriptions of the first, second and third instar ofP.longicornis(Macquart, 1851) (Diptera: Muscidae), the first and third instar ofP.indecora(Walker, 1858) (Diptera: Muscidae), and we revise the larval morphology ofP.heterochaeta(Villenueve, 1915) (Diptera: Muscidae) andP.steiniPont, 1970 (Diptera: Muscidae). We provide a key to the third instar of examined species (excludingP.steiniandP.veitchiBezzi, 1928 (Diptera: Muscidae)). Examination of the cephaloskeleton revealed paired rod‐like sclerites, named ‘rami’, between the lateral arms of the intermediate sclerite in the second and third instar larva. We reveal parastomal bars fused apically with the intermediate sclerite, the absence of which has so far been considered as apomorphic for second and third instar muscid larvae. Examination of additional material suggests that modified parastomal bars are not exclusive features ofPasseromyiabut occur widespread in the Muscidae, and rami may occur widespread in the Cyclorrhapha.
5xFAD mice do not have myenteric amyloidosis, dysregulation of neuromuscular transmission or gastrointestinal dysmotility
Authors: Yelleswarapu Narayana Krishna , Masino Marlene , Henderson Skye , Fernandes Roxanne , Swain Greg , Galligan James J. , Xu Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlterations in gastrointestinal (GI) function and the gut‐brain axis are associated with progression and pathology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Studies in AD animal models show that changes in the gut microbiome and inflammatory markers can contribute to AD development in the central nervous system (CNS). Amyloid‐beta (Aβ) accumulation is a major AD pathology causing synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death. Current knowledge of the pathophysiology of AD in enteric neurons is limited, and whether Aβ accumulation directly disrupts enteric neuron function is unknown.MethodsIn 6‐month‐old 5xFAD (transgenic AD) and wildtype (WT) male and female mice, GI function was assessed by colonic transit in vivo; propulsive motility and GI smooth muscle contractions ex vivo; electrochemical detection of enteric nitric oxide release in vitro, and changes in myenteric neuromuscular transmission using smooth muscle intracellular recordings. Expression of Aβ in the brain and colonic myenteric plexus in these mice was determined by immunohistochemistry staining and ELISA assay.Key ResultsAt 6 months, 5xFAD mice did not show significant changes in GI motility or synaptic neurotransmission in the small intestine or colon. 5xFAD mice, but not WT mice, showed abundant Aβ accumulation in the brain. Aβ accumulation was undetectable in the colonic myenteric plexus of 5xFAD mice.Conclusions5xFAD AD mice are not a robust model to study amyloidosis in the gut as these mice do not mimic myenteric neuronal dysfunction in AD patients with GI dysmotility. An AD animal model with enteric amyloidosis is required for further study.
Temporal complementarity between roots and mycorrhizal fungi drives wheat nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Yang Haishui , Fang Chun , Li Yifan , Wu Yongcheng , Fransson Petra , Rillig Matthias C. , Zhai Silong , Xie Junjie , Tong Zongyi , Zhang Qian , Sheteiwy Mohamed S. , Li Fengmin , Weih Martin 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) to reduce the application of N fertilisers in a way that benefits the environment and reduces farmers' costs is an ongoing objective for sustainable wheat production. However, whether and how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect NUE in wheat is still not well explored.

Three independent but complementary experiments were conducted to decipher the contribution of roots and AMF to the N uptake and utilisation efficiency in wheat.

We show a temporal complementarity pattern between roots and AMF in shaping NUE of wheat. Pre‐anthesis N uptake efficiency mainly depends on root functional traits, but the efficiency to utilise the N taken up during pre‐anthesis for producing grains (EN,g) is strongly affected by AMF, which might increase the uptake of phosphorus and thereby improve photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Root association with AMF reduced the N remobilisation efficiency in varieties with high EN,g; whilst the overall grain N concentration increased, due to a large improvement in post‐anthesis N uptake supported by AMF and/or other microbes.

The findings provide evidence for the importance of managing AMF in agroecosystems, and an opportunity to tackle the contradiction between maximising grain yield and protein concentration in wheat breeding.
Comparison of the Outcomes between AO Type B2 Thoracolumbar Fracture with and without Disc Injury after Posterior Surgery
Authors: Hu Chenbo , Zhong Weiyang , Chen Zhiyu , Peng Junmu , Li Jianxiao , Tang Ke , Quan Zhengxue 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe type AO B2 thoracolumbar fracture is a kind of flexion‐distraction injury and the effect of disc injury on treatment results of patients with B2 fracture remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to compare and analyze the outcomes in AO Type B2 thoracolumbar fracture patients with and without disc injuries in terms of the Cobb angle of kyphosis, the incidence of complication, and the rate of implant failure.MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Of the 486 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent posterior fixation, 38 patients with AO type B2 injuries were included. All the patients were divided into two groups according to changes in the adjoining discs. Disc injury group A included 17 patients and no disc injury group included 21 patients. Clinical and radiologic parameters were evaluated before surgery, after surgery, and at follow‐up. Clinical outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, incidence of complications, and incidence of implant failure. Radiologic assessment was accomplished with the Cobb angle (CA), local kyphosis (LK), percentage of anterior vertebral height (AVBH%), intervertebral disc height, and intervertebral disc angle. Fisher's precision probability tests were employed and chi square test were used to compare categorical variables. Paired sample t tests and independent‐sample t tests were used to compare continuous data.ResultsDisc injury mainly involved the cranial disc (15/19, 78.9%). The mean follow‐up period for the patients was 30.2 ± 20.1 months. No neurologic deterioration was reported in the patients at the last follow‐up. Radiological outcomes at the last follow‐up showed significant differences in the CA (18.59° ± 13.74° vs 8.16° ± 9.99°, P = 0.008), LK (12.74° ± 8.00° vs 6.55° ± 4.89°, P = 0.006), and %AVBH (77.16% vs 90.83%, P = 0.01) between the two groups.Implant failure occurred after posterior fixation in five patients with disc injury who did not undergo interbody fusion during the initial surgery. Additionally, in the subgroup analysis, interbody fusion in the implant failure group were significantly different than in the no implant failure group (0% vs 75%, P = 0.009).ConclusionsAO B2 fracture patients with disc injury have higher risk of complications, especially implant failure after posterior surgery. Interbody fusion should be considered in AO type B2 fracture patients with disc injury.