bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the moderating effect of humble leadership behaviour on motivational factors and knowledge-sharing intentions: evidence from Jordanian public organisations
Authors: Al Hawamdeh Nayel , AL-edenat Malek 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the moderating effect of humble leadership on the relationship between different intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors and employee’s knowledge-sharing intention.

Design/methodology/approach
Responses of 236 employees in public organisations in the country of Jordan were collected via the completion of an online survey. The study data was analysed using structural equation modelling.

Findings
This study found that humble leadership support positively moderated the effect of intrinsic motivational factors (i.e. self-efficacy and enjoyment) on KS intention, while such leadership does not moderate the relationship between extrinsic motivational factors (i.e. rewards and reciprocity) and KS intention.

Originality/value
This study increases the understating of the conditions under which employees’ knowledge-share by exploring the moderating effect of humble leadership behaviour on motivational factors and KS intention in public organisations, particularly in the context of a developing country.
Damming river shapes distinct patterns and processes of planktonic bacterial and microeukaryotic communities
Authors: Lu Lunhui , Tang Qiong , Li Hang , Li Zhe 
Published: January 2022

SummaryPlanktonic bacterial and microeukaryotic communities play important roles in biogeochemical cycles, but their biogeographic patterns and community assembly processes in large damming rivers still remain unclear. In this study, 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA coding genes were used for sample sequencing analysis of planktonic bacterial and microeukaryotic communities in the upper Yangtze River. The upper Yangtze River was divided into dam‐affected zones and river zones based on the influence of dams. The results showed that there were significant differences in the bacterial and microeukaryotic communities between the two zones and that dams significantly reduced the α‐diversity of the bacterial communities. Co‐occurrence network analysis indicated that networks in the river zone were denser than those in the dam‐affected zone. The relationships among species in bacterial networks were more complex than those in microeukaryotic networks. Dispersal limitation and ecological drift were the main processes influencing planktonic bacterial and microeukaryotic communities in the dam‐affected zone respectively, whereas the role of deterministic processes increased in the river zone. Anthropogenic activities and hydraulic conditions affected suspended sediment and controlled microbial diversity in the river zone. These results suggest that dams impact planktonic bacteria more strongly than planktonic microeukaryotes, indicating that the distribution patterns and processes of the bacterial and microeukaryotic communities in large rivers are significantly different.
Characterization of the juvenile koala gut microbiome across wild populations
Authors: Blyton Michaela D. J. , Soo Rochelle M. , Hugenholtz Philip , Moore Ben D. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryIn this study we compared the faecal microbiomes of wild joey koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) to those of adults, including their mothers, to establish whether gut microbiome maturation and inheritance in the wild is comparable to that seen in captivity. Our findings suggest that joey koala microbiomes slowly shift towards an adult assemblage between 6 and 12 months of age, as the microbiomes of 9‐month‐old joeys were more similar to those of adults than those of 7‐month‐olds, but still distinct. At the phylum level, differences between joeys and adults were broadly consistent with those in captivity, with Firmicutes increasing in relative abundance over the joeys' development and Proteobacteria decreasing. Of the fibre‐degrading genes that increased in abundance over the development of captive joeys, those involved in hemicellulose and cellulose degradation, but not pectin degradation, were also generally found in higher abundance in adult wild koalas compared to 7‐month‐olds. Greater maternal inheritance of the faecal microbiome was seen in wild than in captive koalas, presumably due to the more solitary nature of wild koalas. This strong maternal inheritance of the gut microbiome could contribute to the development of localized differences in microbiome composition, population health and diet through spatial clustering of relatives.
Seeds of Corruption? The Contingent Role of Ties to Politicians and Foreign Subsidiary Relations with Government‐Sponsored Financial Institutions
Authors: White George O. , Chintakananda Asda , Rajwani Tazeeb 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn drawing from transaction cost economics and social network theories, this study examines the influence of corruption as a determinant of foreign subsidiary formal contracting practices with government‐sponsored financial institutions. We hypothesize that lower corruption distance (between parent home and host countries) and higher perceived corruption (in host country) are positively related, and mutually reinforcing, when considering a foreign subsidiary's propensity to formally contract with government‐sponsored financial institutions. We also suggest that these relationships strengthen with the intensification of political ties to government officials who can offer preferential political services via contractual agreements, changing the nature of market transactions in favour of a foreign subsidiary. We found support for our hypotheses using data from a sample of over 350 subsidiaries located in the Philippines and Thailand.
Efficacy and safety of linaclotide in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: Chinese sub‐cohort analysis of a phase III, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Peng Li Hua , Fang Jing Yuan , Dai Ning , Shen Xi Zhong , Yang You Lin , Sun Jing , Yang Yun Sheng 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo conduct a sub‐cohort analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of linaclotide in Chinese patients with constipation‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS‐C) using data from a completed trial (NCT01880424).MethodsIn this phase III, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, IBS‐C patients were randomized to receive linaclotide (290 μg/d) or placebo for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed with two co‐primary responder end‐points (12‐wk abdominal pain/discomfort: ≥30% reduction in either score with neither deteriorating from baseline for ≥6 wks; 12‐wk IBS degree of relief: score ≤2 for ≥ 6 wks), seven secondary endpoints and several additional end‐points.ResultsIn total, 659 Chinese IBS‐C patients received linaclotide (n = 327) or placebo (n = 332). The 12‐week abdominal pain/discomfort end‐point was met in 62.1% and 53.3% of the linaclotide‐treated and placebo‐treated patients, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05‐1.96, P = 0.023); the 12‐week IBS degree of relief end‐point was achieved in 32.7% and 16.9% of the patients treated with linaclotide and placebo, respectively (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.66‐3.47, P < 0.001). The linaclotide‐treated patients had a shorter time to the first spontaneous bowel movement than the placebo‐treated patients (23.6 h vs 43.7 h, P < 0.001). Linaclotide produced significantly greater improvement than placebo in all secondary end‐points from the first 2 weeks (all P < 0.001). Diarrhea was reported in 8.3% of linaclotide‐treated patients and 1.2% of placebo‐treated patients.ConclusionLinaclotide (290 μg/d) was efficacious and well‐tolerated in Chinese IBS‐C patients with a rapid onset of effect.
Seismic Geothermal Resource Exploration based on CPU/GPU Collaborative Parallel Prestack Time Migration
Authors: LONG Xiting , LIU Fei , XIE Heping , LIN Wenjing , LIU Yanguang , LI Cunbao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGeothermal resources exist in complex and comprehensive geological settings. In the current study, we proposed a CPU/GPU collaborative parallel prestack time migration methodology for geothermal resource exploration. First, seismic geological conditions in Xian County were obtained based on an analysis of drill cores for further seismic evaluation. Then, combined with the analysis of two‐dimensional seismic data in the adjacent area, a test section with three seismic survey lines were designed to explore the geological structure of the study area. In the study area, the seismic data were derived through the multiple coverage reflection wave exploration method with explosive ignition in deep wells and high coverage frequency observations. Finally, we employed CPU/GPU collaborative parallel prestack time migration technology to analyze the obtained seismic data for geothermal resource evaluation. The favorable areas of karst fissure heat storage in Middle–Upper Proterozoic Jixianian and Paleozoic Cambrian–Ordovician rocks were inferred together with two preferred recommended exploration holes.
Effects of different short‐term tillage managements on rhizosphere soil autotrophic CO2‐fixing bacteria in a double‐cropping rice paddy field
Authors: Haiming Tang , Chao Li , Lihong Shi , Kaikai Cheng , Li Wen , Weiyan Li , Xiaoping Xiao 
Published: January 2022

SummarySoil autotrophic bacteria community plays an important role in carbon (C) cycling process in soil, but there is still limited information about how the rhizosphere soil microbe that drives this process respond to combined application of tillage with crop residue incorporation managements under a double‐cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddy field in southern China. Therefore, the 6‐years short‐term tillage treatment on rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacteria community [RubisCO gene (cbbL)] under the double‐cropping rice paddy field in southern China was studied using the high‐throughput sequencing method in the present article. The field experiment included four tillage treatments: conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), no‐tillage with crop residue retention (NT) and rotary tillage with all crop residues removed as a control (RTO). The results showed that abundance, composition and activity of rhizosphere soil cbbL‐carrying bacteria were obviously influenced by application of different tillage treatments. The rhizosphere soil abundant cbbL and 16S rRNA genes as well as RubisCO activity with CT, RT and NT treatments were higher than that of RTO treatment. The cbbL sequences in rhizosphere soil with CT, RT and NT treatments mainly included Azoarcus_sp._KH33C, Ralstonia_pickettii, Thermomonospora_curvata, Variovorax_paradoxus and uncultured_proteobacterium. Meanwhile, the results indicated that cbbL‐carrying bacterial composition was significantly affected by soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon contents and soil bulk density. There had an obvious difference in characteristics of rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacteria community between CT, RT, NT treatments and RTO treatment. Therefore, it was a beneficial practice for improving rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacteria community in the double‐cropping rice paddy field in southern China by combined application of tillage with crop residue incorporation practices.
Monitoring human disturbance: Factors affecting escape behaviour of waterbirds in North African wetlands
Authors: Halassi Ismahan , Elafri Ali , Boutabia Lamia , Telailia Salah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the factors affecting escape behaviour in waterbirds can be useful in the management of human disturbances. A common measure of escape response is flight initiation distance (FID), the distance at which an approaching intruder disturbs an individual bird enough to make it move away. Here, we analyse the escape behaviour of a set of waterbirds for the first time within a North African context. We tested (one‐way ANOVA and general linear model) how FID varied with the area where waterbirds were temporal scale, distance at which the observer start approaching to the sampled birds, body size, flock size, species composition of the flock and foraging activity of the sampled birds. We collected 866 individual FIDs for 19 waterbird species wintering at two north Algerian wetlands (the Mekhada marsh, RAMSAR site, El‐taref District and the Sebkhet El‐Mahmel, unprotected wetland, Khenchela District). The obtained FIDs ranged from 32.6 m in smaller species as the Kentish plover Charadrius alexandrines to 167 m in larger ones as the ruddy shelduck Tadorna ferruginea. The obtained models stated that differences in the absolute levels of FIDs were mostly related to starting distance (Effect size = 0.62), to which is added a relatively little effect of wetland status, taxonomic differences, temporal scale, body size, flock size, species composition of the flock and bird activity. More specifically, FID was lower in smaller and homospecific groups at early winter in the protected wetland. Reserve managers in North Africa could use species and context‐specific FIDs in delineating appropriate buffer areas and in the design of management initiatives aimed at minimising eventual potential threat due to human disturbance and guaranteeing animal welfare and wildlife.
Optimizing surgical training in the time of COVID‐19—Victorian regional teaching hospital experience
Authors: Grills Richard , Holmes Angela , Tissot Sophie , McLeod Kathryn 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundReductions in elective surgery due to the COVID‐19 pandemic led to a paralleled reduction in patient based surgical training opportunities.MethodsTo quantify the impact of COVID‐19 on surgical training, we completed a retrospective audit of the Urology Department activity during Victorian pandemic waves in 2020 at our large regional teaching hospital. Corresponding weeks in the year prior were used as the control. Interviews with department members illustrated the adaptive approach to surgical training used at our institution.ResultsA State of Disaster Surgical Triage Team was assembled and surgical operations were split between one public and two private hospitals. A pandemic triaging protocol was established and 335 Category‐2 patients were re‐triaged. The first wave saw a 13.8% reduction in clinic reviews, with the second wave having an overall increase of 8.8% with 56% being telehealth. The second wave saw an 11.0% reduction in overall operating, with reduced emergency operating in both the first and second wave of 17.4% and 45.5%, respectively. Reductions impacted surgical technical skill training, resulting in surgical education provided through technology platforms including webinars, podcasts and pre‐recorded operative videos. The unique challenges trainees were faced with due to the pandemic encouraged development of non‐technical RACS competencies.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic presented significant challenges for service delivery and training. Reduced direct patient contact and procedures, but opportunities to develop the non‐technical skills required to respond to the pandemic. The use of variable educational opportunities and tools ensured our trainees continued to progress through their training.
Is a focus on ‘recycling’ useful? A wider look at metal mutability and the chemical character of copper alloys
Authors: Bray Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecycling is increasingly visible in archaeological descriptions of technology. This has a range of benefits as we attempt to engage with the full complexity of the material past. However, this paper examines in more detail whether a singular focus on recycling is positive for archaeological science. It considers the historical relationship between recycling and the chemical analysis of early copper alloys, the constraints of the different conceptual and statistical techniques that can be employed, and broader ideas of metal mutability and the characterisation hypothesis. Overall, anything that widens our conceptual toolkit should be welcomed. However, it is most helpful to have recycling emerge from case study data as part of a broader approach, rather than to focus on it as a sole aim. Similarly, the prioritisation of provenance has sometimes not helped the field. Engaging with a wider ‘characterisation hypothesis’ would bring several benefits, and help build collaborations with other areas of archaeology.
Maritime connections in the Western Mediterranean and access to copper resources in the Balearic Islands during the Late Bronze Age: Isotopic characterization of the bronze deposit at Es Mitjà Gran, Mallorca
Authors: Llull Estarellas Bartomeu , Perelló Mateo Laura , Calvo Trias Manuel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA very notable phenomenon took place during the final stages of the Late Bronze Age in the Balearic Islands: ritualistic, votive deposits of certain bronze objects. Of the various deposits that have been discovered, that at Es Mitjà Gran in Mallorca is among the most significant in terms of both the variety and number of objects found. Isotope analyses have allowed some of these objects to be linked with various areas around the Western Mediterranean and the European continent. These objects allow us to confirm and expand upon the web of known sailing networks and connections that existed between the Balearic Islands and continental Europe in the framework of prehistoric, Late Bronze Age maritime routes around the Western Mediterranean.
Approaches to interrogate the erased histories of recycled archaeological objects
Authors: Wood Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAny archaeological artefact made from recyclable material may have been recycled before deposition. Three approaches are presented which have identified recycling in the archaeological record: (1) the application of log ratio analyses to investigate compositional data indicates that Roman glass was recycled and reapplied as a glaze on Parthian pottery, thereby suggesting that the paucity of Parthian and Sasanian glass in the archaeological record is due to recycling; (2) linear mixing lines on plots that combine compositional and isotopic data suggest that most silver found in the Iron Age hoards of the southern Levant was mixed, with vertical mixing lines indicating that some of it was melted down hastily in times of unrest; and (3) histograms of compositional data provide evidence of recycling accompanied by dilution of cobalt‐blue glass in New Kingdom Egypt, potentially because the colourant was not available in later periods, thereby questioning the accepted provenance of the cobalt source. It is considered that application of these approaches can contribute to a better understanding of the motivations behind recycling in prehistory.
Quantifying the intersection of disability and homelessness in Massachusetts public schools in 2018–2019
Authors: Rubenstein Eric , Bock Emily , Brochu Paige , Byrne Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundHomelessness has a major impact on the educational and health trajectories of children. Youth with disabilities may be especially vulnerable to experiencing homelessness, but little epidemiological work has been done to characterize dual disparity. Our goal was to describe the relationship between homelessness and disability among students (age 3–21) receiving public education in Massachusetts in 2018–2019. We evaluated the proportion of students with and without disabilities experiencing homelessness by county and school district.MethodsWe used publicly available data from the United States and Massachusetts Department's of Education. These data used the McKinney Vento Homelessness Assistance Act definition of homelessness which is a lack of fixed, adequate, and regular housing, and disability was determined by the presence of an individualized education program or individualized family service plan. We calculated percentages of students with and without disabilities experiencing homelessness at the state, county, and district level and calculated and mapped risk of homelessness comparing students and without disability. We also determined the occurrence of disability among those experiencing homelessness.ResultsIn Massachusetts public schools, 3.5% of students with disabilities experienced homelessness compared with 2.4% of students without disabilities (relative risk 1.50, 95% CI: 1.47, 1.53). A greater proportion of students with disabilities experienced homelessness compared with students without disabilities in all counties. In sum, 24.8% of students experiencing homelessness had a reported disability.ConclusionsIn Massachusetts public schools, a greater proportion of students with disabilities experience homelessness compared with students without disabilities, and disability is common among students experiencing homelessness. We hypothesize potential mechanisms, such as the financial cost of disability, that may lead to this finding. Findings support the need for additional funding and interventions for school districts and communities to better serve vulnerable students with disabilities experiencing homelessness.
Comparison of the prognosis of the remaining teeth between implant‐supported fixed prostheses and removable partial dentures in partially edentulous patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Yamada Ryo , Nogawa Toshifumi , Takayama Yoshiyuki , Iwata Kai , Saito Masayasu , Yokoyama Atsuro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere have been several reports about the prognosis of teeth adjacent to edentulous spaces for implant‐supported fixed prostheses (ISFPs) and removable partial dentures (RPDs). However, there are few reports about the prognosis of the other remaining teeth comparing ISFPs with RPDs.PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the prognosis of the remaining teeth for ISFPs and RPDs in terms of survival and complication‐free rates.MethodsSubjects were partially edentulous patients with ISFPs or RPDs inserted in 2003–2016. Teeth adjacent to edentulous spaces (A‐teeth), teeth not adjacent to edentulous spaces (R‐teeth), and teeth opposing edentulous spaces (O‐teeth) were investigated. The endpoints were tooth extraction and complications. A multivariate cox regression model was used to estimate the risk factors for survival of the investigated teeth.ResultsA total of 233 (ISFP: 89, RPD: 144) patients were included in the statistical analyses. An IFSP prosthesis, when compared to an RPD prosthesis did not significantly decrease the tooth loss rate for A‐teeth (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30–1.92), for R‐teeth (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.28–1.05), or for O‐teeth (HR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.10–2.09).ConclusionsIn partially edentulous spaces, the difference between ISFPs and RPDs does not affect the prognosis of teeth adjacent to edentulous spaces, teeth not adjacent to edentulous spaces, and teeth opposing edentulous spaces. Namely, our findings suggest that it depends largely on the tooth type, jaw, endodontic therapy performed, not on the type of prostheses.