bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The school environment-related predictors of fights and bullying among School-Age Children in Serbia
Authors: Šantrić Milićević M , Stankovic S , Nikolić D , Bjelica N , Babić U , Rakić Lj , Todorović J , Terzić-Šupić Z 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The health and development of school-age children is a contemporary topic of various health policies and programs, which has become even more of a focus in critical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to assess the prevalence of school-age children's participation in fights and bullying in Serbia, and to examine the relevance of students’ socio-demographic characteristics and perceptions of school and relations with other students and professors for participation in fights and bullying.

Methods
A secondary analysis of the original data of the 2017 HBSC study is performed on 3267 students in a nationally representative sample of primary and high schools in Serbia. Predictors of taking part in fights and taking part in bullying were examined by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results
The main results show that 50.8% of boys and 17.1% of girls have taken part in fights, while 17.7% boys and 10.4% of girls have taken part in bullying. Students who felt a large and very large burden of school obligations were 1.43 times more likely to participate in bullying at least once, while they were 1.38 and 2.12 times more likely to participate in multiple fights and 4.04, 1.24, and 2.78 times more likely to participate multiple times in bullying. Fights among school-age children are significantly positively associated with living with relatives/legal guardians and poor quality of life.

Conclusions
The prevalence of participating in at least one fight/bullying is higher than in multiple fights/bullying. These associations suggest a necessity to enhance the monitoring and control of peer behavior among school-age children. The findings of the study imply key enablers of protection, such as building relationships based on team spirit and work, friendly behavior, empathy, and help, which should be included in the value system of school and family activities in programs to combat fights and bullying in school-age children.

Key messages
• In Serbia, every second boy and every fifth girl participated in fights, while less than every fifth boy and every tenth girl participated in bullying.
• Study results can inform school and healthcare actors’ efforts to improve school-age children’s development and health capacity for life.
Implementation of resilience training programmes in children and adolescents: value and barriers
Authors: Pacillo C , Malorni W , Moscato U , Sisti LG 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Emotional distress increasingly represents a major burden in children and adolescents (C&A), especially in conflict zones where its prevalence is estimated to reach 70%. Resilience training programmes (RTPs) are interventions that seek to enhance resilience in individuals or groups pursuing mental distress prevention. Literature suggests RTPs be particularly effective in C&A; however, their effectiveness and value for public health are still unclear.

Methods
A scoping review was performed in order to summarize evidence regarding the implementation and effectiveness of RTPs in children and adolescents. A search string has been built according to the PICO model and launched on PubMed, PsycInfo, Academia databases. Additional references were identified by a hand-search in Google Scholar. Studies included were narratively summarized according to topics that emerged.

Results
18 articles were finally included in the review. Main issues were 1) RTPs seem to be more effective in adolescents rather than in children; 2) COVID-19 pandemic has raised the attention towards RTPs in C&A; 3) beyond conflict zones their implementation is increasingly recognized in supporting C&A management of daily stressors and traumas also in C&A with disabilities; 4) school is identified as the key setting for RTPs; 5) the high heterogeneity in RTPs approaches, contexts and study samples limits a conclusive effectiveness assessment.

Conclusions
Our findings highlighted how RTPs are increasingly recognized as a tool to improve C&A cognitive and behavioral functioning and resilience to external stressors, getting greater interest in the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite relevant theoretical support and promising study results, RTPs still lack strong evidence supporting their embracement by policymakers and effective implementation in public health policy. In order to not miss this chance, more efforts are needed in strengthening RTPs conceptualization and cost-effectiveness studies.

Key messages
• RTPs are a promising tool to enhance the resilience of children and adolescents gaining increasing interest due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
• More studies are needed to provide a strong evidence base that supports their acknowledgment by policymakers and their implementation in public health policies.
8.O. Workshop: New challenges for suicide prevention in the context of Covid-19
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA-PMH,   Chair persons: Johan Bilsen (EUPHA-PMH), Jutta Lindert (EUPHA-PMH)
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The recent COVID-19 pandemic confronted many societies with profound public health challenges. Although primarily a ‘somatic’ health concern, it becomes clear that Covid-19 and its aftermath also proved to have a substantial impact on mental health and wellbeing of the population in general and on vulnerable subgroups, such as young people and the elderly, in particular. An important public mental health concern in this context is the possible adverse influence of this pandemic on suicidality. Recent studies show that during the outbreak of the coronavirus disease the suicide mortality did not rise, rather on the contrary. However, the impact of the increased number of people with mental distress related to Covid-19 on suicidal ideation as well as the long-term impact on suicide rates is unclear. Also the long-term impact of the Covid-19 restriction measures greatly hindering adequate mental healthcare services and suicide prevention initiatives is uncertain. This workshop will focus on suicidality trends since the pandemic onset in different countries, suicide figures, experiences in the field of suicide prevention and on attitudes towards seeking help. Ann John from UK will talk about suicide trends during Covid-19 pandemic and will present suicide data of 35 countries collected by the international Covid-19 Suicide Prevention Research Collaboration. Fabrice Jollant will present data about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on suicide attempts in France, and will discuss in this context the new national suicide prevention strategy. John Cachia will show the importance of a broad mental public health approach to suicide prevention in Malta. And finally, Saska Roskar from Slovenia will show how prevention of suicidality in individuals working themselves in the field of mental health can be hindered by self-stigma.

Key messages
• We must remain vigilant about the possible long-term mental health impact (including suicidal behavior) of the Covid-19 pandemic.
• Pandemics like Covid-19 highlight certain weaknesses in suicide prevention strategies.
Public health and social measures during health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic: an initial logic model to conceptualise and classify measures
Authors: Rehfuess E , Burns J , Ludolph R , Movsisyan A , Pfadenhauer L , Strahwald B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Issue/problem
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, public health and social measures (PHSM) are being implemented worldwide, but in very different ways. This is also due to a lacking common understanding of PHSM so far. As a result, there are limited insights regarding their components, implementation and effectiveness as well as impacts beyond health of PHSM.

Description of the problem
The project contributes to the WHO PHSM initiative. A logic model is being developed that offers a shared language and understanding of how PHSM are intended to achieve transmission-related outcomes, but also that non-intended consequences need to be considered. The overall approach is informed by a system-based logic model template and a staged approach to logic modeling. The development process is making use of (i) existing COVID PHSM taxonomies and related literature, (ii) existing theoretical frameworks related to complex interventions in complex systems, (iii) consultations with WHO staff and the according PHSM steering group, and (v) iterative brainstorming within the working group.

Results
The initial logic model is rooted in a complexity perspective which recognises that (i) all measures have both intended and unintended consequences for health and society and (ii) all elements within the logic model are interconnected and interact with each other. All PHSM operate through two basic mechanisms: reducing contacts and making contacts safer. Taken together, these two mechanisms work to reduce transmission-relevant contacts. Any specific PHSM is defined by a combination of the measure itself, the population and/or setting targeted and the mode of enactment. The central hub of the logic model connects and integrates all elements. The initial logic model was applied to school and travel measures as examples.

Main messages
The PHSM logic model is a conceptual basis to facilitate research on PHSM, monitoring and evaluation of PHSM, and evidence-informed decision-making.
Implementing public health and social measures: an integral part of the health emergency management cycle
Authors: Addo J , Cocciolone D , Gapp C , Latta A , Lindmark S , Owen L , Sane J , Perehinets I , Schmidt T , Wippel C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Public health and social measures (PHSM) have been utilized as a tool to reduce the infection rates and disease burden throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to play an important role even with vaccination campaigns well underway in preventing severe disease. In order to systematically track, analyze and report qualitative and quantitative data o PHSM implementation across the European Region and assist countries in the COVID-19 response, the COVID-19 Incident Management Support team at the WHO Regional Office for Europe developed PHSM Severity Index and PHSM Dashboard. The PHSM Severity Index captures the types, severity and timing of PHSMs implemented by a country across six main indicators. By providing standardized data on PHSM implementation, the PHSM Severity Index can support and inform the development of policy at country and regional levels. PHSM data, severity methodology and policy tools developed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic should be adapted to provide a foundation for preparedness for future large-scale health emergencies. In addition, discerning the epidemiological impact of specific PHSM and their combinations currently is a priority for policy-makers and can guide countries’ transition strategies. Analysing the impact of PHSM on COVID-19 transmission is of critical importance, especially as variants of concern bring new waves of COVID-19 cases and may challenge countries’ vaccination and response strategies. Reference PHSM in Response to COVID-19 (who.int)
COVID-19 incidence on Emergency Departments accesses. Health need and fear of infection, what wins?
Authors: Quercioli C , Bosco R , Bova G , Mandò M , Dei S , Gusinu R , Messina G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the patterns of access to the Emergency Department (ED), but it is unclear whether this change was due to COVID-19 incidence or the lockdown imposed by law.

Aim
To evaluate the association between trends of ED accesses and COVID-19 incidence in the period 1 January - 31 December 2020.

Material and methods
The data of accesses to the ED per month and severity triage code of 14 hospitals in the Southeast Tuscany (Italy, Provinces of Siena, Arezzo, Grosseto) were obtained from hospitals data warehouses. Data on new cases of COVID-19 infection (obtained by the Ministry of Health) for the 3 provinces were used to calculate the incidence of infection. Hospitals were classified in 4 categories based on beds number, medical specialties offered, services provided. Differences in ED accesses by month, triage code and hospital type were investigated by a Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance. Association between ED accesses and COVID-19 incidence was evaluated using a random effect panel data analysis adjusting for hospital type and triage code.

Results
A total of 268,072 ED accesses have been studied. Their trends saw a strong decrease in correspondence of the first pandemic peak, subsequently they are increased and then decreased again until the minimum peak in November 2020. COVID-19 incidence appeared to overlap, but in the reverse direction, with ED admissions trends. Monthly differences of the ED accesses were significant (p &lt; 0.01) except for most severity code. There is a statistically significant inverse association between ED accesses and COVID-19 incidence (Coef. = -0.074, p &lt; 0.001) except for most severe cases (triage code 1: Coef. = -0.028, p = 0.154).

Conclusions
ED admissions trends followed the COVID-19 incidence independently from the period of lockdown except for the most severe cases. The fear to contract the infection seemed to discourage patients to access ED for diseases that were perceived as not serious.

Key messages
• The pandemic has changed the lifestyle of people worldwide, modifying even the perception that the patient has of own state of health and their access to Emergency Department.
• The decrease in accesses involved less severe cases. Reflect on both the adequacy of accesses in the pre-pandemic period and on what is the best setting to manage these cases in the pandemic period.
Characterizing post-covid conditions in a Turkish cohort: A prospective study
Authors: Emecen AN , Turunc O , Sivye N , Suner AF , Basoglu Sensoy E , Keskin S , Unal B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Investigating the people who suffer from post-COVID health conditions is necessary to accommodate the demand for accessing healthcare. This study aims to describe post-COVID health conditions within six months after diagnosis.

Methods
This study was conducted at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Ä°zmir-Turkey. Participants aged ≥18 years who were diagnosed as SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive in the hospital from November 1st, 2020 to May 31st were interviewed by phone at one, three and six months after diagnosis. Symptom frequencies were stratified by demographic and clinical characteristics. The dependent variable was having post-COVID condition according to World Health Organization's definition. We estimated logistic regression models to identify associated factors for post-COVID condition in the patients who had symptoms at baseline.

Results
A total of 5083 people completed the third month's interview. The prevalence of post-COVID condition was 21.8% (n = 1108). Tiredness/fatigue (10.2%), muscle or body aches (7.3%) and dyspnea/difficulty breathing (4.8%) were the most common symptoms. Older age (65-74 aged groups versus 18-24 aged group, odds ratio-OR:1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-2.25), female gender (OR: 1.97, 1.71-2.28), bad economic status (OR: 1.44, 1.13-1.84), having more health conditions (≥3 conditions, OR: 1.82, 1.28-2.55), having more symptoms (&gt;5 symptoms, OR: 2.59, 2.20-3.07) and hospitalization (intensive care unit, OR: 1.98, 1.13-3.37) were found to be associated with reporting of post-COVID condition.

Conclusions
This study identifies the prevalence and risk factors for post-COVID conditions in a large cohort of patients. The results of the study would guide the healthcare organizations in the planning of post-COVID management strategies.

Key messages
• The prevalence of post-COVID conditions was 21.8%. Older age, female gender, having more health conditions, disease severity in the acute phase and bad economic status were risk factors.
• Clinical management strategies and country-specific healthcare planning should be devised for the post-COVID condition burden.
WICID 2.0: Integrating evidence and ethics in decisionmaking and guideline development on SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Arnold L , Bimczok S , Lehner J , Stratil J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) requires the balancing of numerous and often conflicting factors. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, sound and fair EIDM procedures were challenged by time constraints and limited evidence. Beneficial effects had to be weight against public health impacts beyond COVID-19, broad societal consequences, or individual liberties. Evidence-to-decision (EtD) frameworks are neither able nor intended to replace stakeholder participation, but can serve as a tool to ensure the relevance and completeness of criteria to be considered for EIDM in public health and guideline development. Employing ‘best-fit’ framework synthesis, we used the WHO-INTEGRATE framework as a starting point to develop the WHO-INTEGRATE COVID-19 framework version 1.0. WICID 1.0 is based on a content analysis of comprehensive strategy documents to guide policy makers in implementing new or decrease existing measures to protect against COVID-19 in Germany. WICID 1.0 was validated by coding the framework against an updated set of the key strategy documents, and key strategy documents addressing non-pharmacological measures in long-term care facilities. In total, 12 key strategy documents were analysed to develop WICID 1.0, and 18 + 23 documents were analyzed for its refinement towards WICID 2.0. The revised framework consists of 11 + 1 criteria and includes implications for the health of individuals and populations due to and beyond COVID-19, infringement on liberties and fundamental human rights, acceptability and equity considerations, societal, environmental and economic implications, as well as implementation, resource and feasibility considerations. Validation found high consistency with minor revisions between WICID 1.0 and 2.0. WICID can be a tool to support researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to systematically integrate evidence and ethics and to balance of health, societal and other considerations when reflecting on PH interventions targeting COVID-19.

Key messages
• Due to the rapidly developing pandemic, decision-making process often did not include the views of all affected stakeholders and did not adequately include all criteria and considerations of relevance.
• The WICID Framework can serve as a tool to support decision-makers in accounting for relevant considerations and criteria, even when not all stakeholders could be included.
The Southern European Atlantic Diet and depression incidence: a multicohort study
Authors: Carballo-Casla A , Stefler D , Ortolá R , Chen Y , Kubinova R , Pajak A , Malyutina S , Rodríguez-Artalejo F , Brunner EJ , Bobak M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEAD) is the traditional diet of Northern Portugal and North-Western Spain, but it may resemble that of other European countries. Higher adherence to SEAD has been associated with lower risk for myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality, but its relationship with mental health is uncertain. We examined the association between SEAD and depression incidence in Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe.

Methods
We used data from participants ≥45 years from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 and HAPIEE cohorts, who were followed for a median time of 3.6 years. SEAD comprised fresh fish, cod, red meat and pork products, dairy, legumes and vegetables, vegetable soup, potatoes, whole-grain bread, and wine. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the GDS 10 and the CES-D 10 (participants with scores ≥4 were considered depression cases). Statistical analyses were performed among the 14675 participants who were depression-free at baseline.

Results
Higher adherence to SEAD was preliminarily associated with lower depression incidence in the pooled sample (fully adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] per 1-SD increment in the SEAD = 0.93 [0.89,0.98]). Results were consistent in Spain (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.86 [0.68,1.08]), Czechia (0.92 [0.82,1.04]), Poland (0.94 [0.88,1.01]), and Russia (0.93 [0.87,1.00]). The association of SEAD with depression in the pooled sample was similar to that found for the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] per 1-SD increment = 0.94 [0.89,0.99]) and the Mediterranean Dietary Score (0.94 [0.90,0.98]).

Conclusions
Adherence to SEAD was preliminarily associated with lower depression incidence in Spain, Czechia, Poland, and Russia. These findings may support the development of mental health guidelines for Southern European Atlantic populations based on their traditional diet, and for Central and Eastern European countries based on the food components of SEAD.

Key messages
• Adherence to the Southern European Atlantic Diet (traditional diet of Northern Portugal and North-Western Spain) was associated with lower depression incidence in Spain, Czechia, Poland, and Russia.
• Mental health guidelines for Southern European Atlantic populations may reference their traditional diet, while those for Central and Eastern Europe could benefit from including its food components.
Healthcare use among cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pimentel AS , Costa AR 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictive measures applied to prevent and control this disease have led to a substantial shift in healthcare systems, with a redefinition of priorities and essential care, causing a serious impact in the oncological care. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the association of a previous cancer diagnosis on healthcare use during the COVID-19 pandemic among European and Israelis cancer survivors (CS).

Methods
This cross-sectional study was based on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), including the SHARE COVID-19 Survey, which was conducted in the summer of 2020, in 27 countries. All CS (n = 6,490) were country-, sex-, age- and education-matched (1:2) to non-cancer individuals (NC). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were computed using logistic regression.

Results
Overall, CS were more likely to refer that they forwent medical appointments due to fear of COVID-19 (OR = 1.29, 95%CI:1.19-1.41), than NC, particularly those who lived with their partner and other relatives (OR = 1.79, 95%CI:1.39-2.30). Likewise, CS reported the occurrence of postponements more often (OR = 1.54, 95%CI:1.44-1.64); this association was stronger among CS who lived with their partner and other relatives (OR = 1.96, 95%CI:1.63-2.36), who reported higher economic difficulties (OR = 1.73, 95%CI:1.50-2.00) and those with no multimorbidity (OR = 1.85, 95%CI:1.62-2.11). CS were also more likely to refer that they were unable to book an appointment (OR = 1.43, 95%CI:1.26-1.63), particularly those who reported that a person close to them died due to COVID-19 (OR = 2.72, 95%CI:1.47-5.01).

Conclusions
CS were more likely to forgo medical treatment and to report healthcare postponements and to be unable to book an appointment than NC, which highlights the importance of closely monitoring the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic along the cancer care continuum.

Key messages
• During the COVID-19 pandemic, a previous cancer diagnosis was associated with a more frequent report of appointment cancellations, postponements or denials.
• The first months of the COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in healthcare provided to cancer survivors, which may have a deleterious impact in their care and prognosis.