bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance of Blastocystis to chlorine and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Martín-Escolano Rubén , Ng Geok Choo , Tan Kevin S. W. , Stensvold C. Rune , Gentekaki Eleni , Tsaousis Anastasios D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBlastocystis is a ubiquitous, widely distributed protist inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals. The organism is genetically diverse, and so far, at least 28 subtypes (STs) have been identified with ST1–ST9 being the most common in humans. The pathogenicity of Blastocystis is controversial. Several routes of transmission have been proposed including fecal–oral (e.g., zoonotic, anthroponotic) and waterborne. Research on the latter has gained traction in the last few years with the organism having been identified in various bodies of water, tap water, and rainwater collection containers including water that has been previously filtered and/or chlorinated. Herein, we assessed the resistance of 11 strains maintained in culture, spanning ST1–ST9 to various chlorine and hydrogen peroxide concentrations for 24 h, and performed recovery assays along with re-exposure. Following the treatment with both compounds, all subtypes showed increased resistance, and viability could be visualized at the cellular level. These results are hinting at the presence of mechanism of resistance to both chlorine and hydrogen peroxide. As such, this pilot study can be the platform for developing guidelines for water treatment processes.
Comparing the efficiency of six clearing methods in developing seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Attuluri Venkata Pardha Saradhi , Sánchez López Juan Francisco , Maier Lukáš , Paruch Kamil , Robert Hélène S. 
Published: November 2022

Key message
ClearSee alpha and FAST9 were optimized for imaging Arabidopsis seeds up to the torpedo stages. The methods preserve the fluorescence of reporter proteins and seed shape, allowing phenotyping embryos in intact seeds.

Abstract
Tissue clearing methods eliminate the need for sectioning, thereby helping better understand the 3D organization of tissues and organs. In the past fifteen years, clearing methods have been developed to preserve endogenous fluorescent protein tags. Some of these methods (ClearSee, TDE, PEA-Clarity, etc.) were adapted to clear various plant species, with the focus on roots, leaves, shoot apical meristems, and floral parts. However, these methods have not been used in developing seeds beyond the early globular stage. Tissue clearing is problematic in post-globular seeds due to various apoplastic barriers and secondary metabolites. In this study, we compared six methods for their efficiency in clearing Arabidopsis thaliana seeds at post-globular embryonic stages. Three methods (TDE, ClearSee, and ClearSee alpha) have already been reported in plants, whereas the others (fsDISCO, FAST9, and CHAPS clear) are used in this context for the first time. These methods were assessed for seed morphological changes, clearing capacity, removal of tannins, and spectral properties. We tested each method in seeds from globular to mature stages. The pros and cons of each method are listed herein. ClearSee alpha appears to be the method of choice as it preserves seed morphology and prevents tannin oxidation. However, FAST9 with 60% iohexol as a mounting medium is faster, clears better, and appears suitable for embryonic shape imaging. Our results may guide plant researchers to choose a suitable method for imaging fluorescent protein-labeled embryos in intact Arabidopsis seeds.
Low Evidence for Tinnitus Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Biswas Roshni , Genitsaridi Eleni , Trpchevska Natalia , Lugo Alessandra , Schlee Winfried , Cederroth Christopher R. , Gallus Silvano , Hall Deborah A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aims/Hypothesis
Identifying risk factors for tinnitus could facilitate not only the recommendations for prevention measures, but also identifying potential pathways for new interventions. This study reports the first comprehensive systematic review of analytical observational studies able to provide information about causality (i.e., case–control and cohort designs).

Methods
A literature search of four electronic databases identified epidemiological studies published on tinnitus and different exposures. Independent raters screened all studies, extracted data, and evaluated study quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Reported relative risks (RR), hazard ratios (HR), odds ratios (OR), and prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to compute crude estimates of RR for tinnitus risk factors.

Results
From 2389 records identified, a total of 374 articles were read as full text (24 reviews, 301 cross-sectional studies, 42 cohort studies, and 7 case–control studies). However, from 49 case–control and cohort studies, only 25 adequately reported risk ratios. Using the findings from these studies, positive causal associations were found for various hearing-related factors (i.e., unspecified hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, occupational noise exposure, ototoxic platinum therapy, and otitis media). Evidence was also found for a number of non-otological risk factors including temporo-mandibular joint disorder, depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hyperlipidemia. Negative associations indicating preventative effects were found for diabetes and high alcohol consumption. No associations were found for low alcohol consumption, body mass index, head injury, heart failure, hypertension, leisure noise exposure, migraine, rheumatoid arthritis, sex, smoking, stroke, and whiplash. However, with the exception of unspecified hearing loss, these findings resulted from pooling no more than 4 studies, illustrating that the vast majority of the associations still remain inconclusive.

Conclusions
These systematic review and meta-analysis confirm a number of otological and non-otological risk factors for tinnitus. By highlighting major gaps in knowledge, our synthesis can help provide direction for future research that will shed light on the pathophysiology, improve management strategies, and inform more effective preventions.
Connectivity, centralisation and ‘robustness-yet-fragility’ of interbank networks
Authors: Eboli Mario , Ozel Bulent , Teglio Andrea , Toto Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the effects that connectivity and centralisation have on the response of interbank networks to external shocks that generate phenomena of default contagion. We run numerical simulations of contagion processes on randomly generated networks, characterised by different degrees of density and centralisation. Our main findings show that the degree of robustness-yet-fragility of a network grows progressively with both its degree of density or centralisation, although at different paces. We also find that sparse and decentralised interbank networks are generally resilient to small shocks, contrary to what so far believed. The degree of robustness-yet-fragility of an interbank network determines its propensity to generate a too-many-to-fail problem. We argue that medium levels of density and high levels of centralisation prevent the emergence of a too-many-to-fail issue for small and medium shocks whilst drastically creating the problem in the case of large shocks. Finally, our results shed some light on the actual robustness-yet-fragility of the observed core-periphery national interbank networks, highlighting the existing risk of systemic crises.
Farmers’ willingness to adopt silvopastoral systems: investigating cattle producers’ compensation claims and attitudes using a contingent valuation approach
Authors: Opdenbosch Harold , Hansson Helena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntensive cattle production systems are currently a major contributor to CO2emissions and biodiversity loss. Silvopastoral systems that combine foraging pastures and trees into an integrated system for raising livestock have been suggested a promising avenue to store carbon and preserve farmland biodiversity. However, investments and maintenance costs for these improvements are paid by producers, who reap few of the environmental benefits. The objective of the present study was to assess farmers’ willingness to adopt silvopastoral systems by reforesting treeless pastures, their compensation claims related to adoption, and how both are affected by their attitudes towards silvopastoral systems. This study was based on a contingent valuation approach coupled with exploratory factor analysis to obtain measures of attitudinal constructs derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior. Results indicate that 52% of respondents were willing to adopt silvopastoral systems and the mean compensation claim per year per hectare is estimated at SEK 3107.17 (308€). Adoption decision is positively correlated with attitudes towards silvopastoral systems, suggesting that decision-making is not solely driven by profit maximization through concerns related to pecuniary factors.
Impact of covert infections with an RNA virus on the susceptibility of Spodoptera exigua to natural enemies
Authors: Mengual-Martí Adrià , Martínez-Solís María , Yousef-Yousef Meelad , Garrido-Jurado Inmaculada , Delgado-Sanfiel Pedro , Quesada-Moraga Enrique , Herrero Salvador 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) programs are alternatives to classical pest control through the application of chemical insecticides. IPM goal is to maintain pest populations below economically injurious levels minimizing the use of chemical insecticides. In recent years, research on insect viromes has led to the discovery of many novel viral pathogens in insect pests, some of them producing covert infections that do not cause evident symptoms. However, the impact that these viruses have on the action of natural enemies employed in IPM programs is still unknown. Spodoptera exigua iflavirus 1 (SeIV1) is an RNA virus commonly found in field populations of Spodoptera exigua. In this work, we have analysed the possible impact of those viral infections on the activity of different natural enemies used for the control of this pest. Specifically, we have studied the effects of SeIV1 on susceptibility to entomopathogenic nematodes, fungi, bacteria, and parasitoids. Infections with SeIV1 showed to be compatible with the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae as the infection did not affect the susceptibility or production of new juveniles. Moreover, they are also compatible with the fungus Metarhizium brunneum as the mortality of S. exigua larvae was not affected by the viral infection. Interestingly, infections with SeIV1 increase the susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis formulation and increase the mortality caused by the parasitism of Hyposoter didymator. In summary, our results show that the four natural enemies tested are not negatively affected by SeIV1 and their action remains similar or enhanced by the covert infections with this iflavirus.
Inadequate Use of Newer Treatments and Glycemic Control by Cardiovascular Risk and Sociodemographic Groups in US Adults with Diabetes in the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative All of Us Research Program
Authors: Devineni Divya , Akbarpour Meleeka , Gong Yufan , Wong Nathan D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Data are limited on sodium glucose co-transport 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) among real-world cohorts of underrepresented patients. We examined these therapies and glycemic control in US adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) by atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and sociodemographic factors.

Methods
In the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative All of Us Research Program, we categorized DM as (1) moderate risk, (2) high risk, and (3) with ASCVD. We examined proportions on DM therapies, including SGLT2-i or GLP-1 RA, and at glycemic control by sociodemographic factors and CVD risk groups.

Results
Our 81,332 adults aged ≥ 18 years with DM across 340 US sites included 22.3% non-Hispanic Black, 17.2% Hispanic, and 1.8% Asian participants; 31.1%, 30.3%, and 38.6% were at moderate risk, high risk, or with ASCVD, respectively. Those with DM and ASCVD were most likely on SGLT2-i (8.6%) or GLP-1 RA (11.9%). SGLT2-i use was < 10% in those with heart failure or chronic kidney disease. The odds (95% CI) of SGLT2-i use were greater among men (1.35 [1.20, 1.53]) and Asian persons (2.31 [1.78, 2.96]), with GLP-1 RA being less common (0.78 [0.70, 0.86]) in men. GLP-1 RA use was greater among those with health insurance, and both GLP-1 RA and SGLT2-i greater within lower income groups. 72.0% of participants had HbA1c < 7%; Hispanic persons were least likely at glycemic control.

Conclusions
Treatment with SGLT2-is and GLP-1 RAs remains low, even among higher ASCVD risk persons with DM and use is even lower among underserved groups.
Within-Classroom Play: Cultivating Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness During the Transition to Kindergarten
Authors: Lyons Mary E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlay, of varied type and form, provides opportunities for children to acquire a sense of competence and belonging when engaging in classroom life. The purpose of this study was to investigate ways that the inclusion of play as a curricular component eased academic stressors and supported motivation during the transition to kindergarten. In this qualitative case study, the researcher documented the within-classroom play of one child who had no prior-to-kindergarten schooling experience during her transition. Four months of ethnographic data collection (e.g., participant observation, artifact collection) allowed for a strong narrative to emerge that showed changes and progressions in the child over time. The data were compiled chronologically and analyzed using tenets of Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2017) to illuminate ways that her psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness were satisfied through play. The data were also open-coded and analyzed using the constant comparison method of multi-cycle coding to identify broad themes (Saldaña, 2016). The findings were written in a narrative style to tell a story of the focal child’s transition period, while illustrating the salient themes: that the child needed (1) structure during play times in order to find a rhythm in kindergarten and (2) time to engage in self-motivated work in order to access and develop autonomy, competence, and relatedness. This study supports scholarship that promotes the integration of play and academics, and contributes to the need for research that illustrates how curricula in early childhood settings work for the people experiencing it.
Entering Kindergarten After Years of Play: A Cross-Case Analysis of School Readiness Following Play-Based Education
Authors: Fyffe Lisa , Sample Pat L. , Lewis Angela , Rattenborg Karen , Bundy Anita C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCross-case study research was used to explore the school readiness of four 5-year-old children entering kindergarten during the 2020–2021 school year after three or more years of play-based early childhood education at a Reggio Emilia-inspired early childhood education center. Data included a series of three 1-h individual interviews with four mothers and three kindergarten teachers, field visits during remote learning, and artifact collection over the course of the school year. Themes describing the children’s school readiness were developed through cross-case analysis. Participants described the children as learners, explorers, communicators, and empathizers. The learner theme centers on the children’s responsiveness to instruction; the explorer theme describes how the children approached learning; the communicator theme illustrates the children’s prowess with social connection and self-advocacy, and the empathizer theme shows the thoughtfulness and emotional sensitivity these children displayed. Findings suggest that play-based learning prepared these children for successful kindergarten experiences and was a viable early childhood education pedagogy fostering school readiness.
Investigation of heat transfer performance within annular geometries with swirl-inducing fins using clove-treated graphene nanoplatelet colloidal suspension
Authors: Nair S. R. , Oon C. S. , Tan M. K. , Mahalingam Savisha , Manap Abreeza , Kazi S. N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper investigated the benefits of having fins that induce swirling flow within an annular passage. The importance of the vortical structures produced using different fin angles and flow velocities in heat transfer was studied. The combination of swirling fluid with recirculation on heat transfer within an annular domain was not fully understood, and this paper aims to address that gap. The 10°, 20°, 30° and 40° angled fins were investigated to understand the changes in heat transfer performance as fluid recirculation becomes more dominant as angles become steeper. The usage of CGNP colloidal suspension was investigated for its potential benefits in heat transfer in a domain with angled fins. The CGNP concentrations of 0.025, 0.075 and 0.1 mass % were used as part of this investigation. Higher concentrations of CGNP increased the overall heat transfer coefficient. A more compact fin spacing improved heat transfer performance at the expense of increased pressure drop. Fin angles of 20° and 30° yielded poor heat transfer performance in the transitional flow regime (2000 < Re < 3000) due to the smaller swirling longitudinal vortices being insufficient in promoting fluid mixing from the thermal boundary layer into the freestream.
A 50 Hz magnetic field influences the viability of breast cancer cells 96 h after exposure
Authors: Elexpuru-Zabaleta Maria , Lazzarini Raffaella , Tartaglione Maria Fiorella , Piva Francesco , Ciarapica Veronica , Marinelli Busilacchi Elena , Poloni Antonella , Valentino Matteo , Santarelli Lory , Bracci Massimo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The exposure of breast cancer to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) results in various biological responses. Some studies have suggested a possible cancer-enhancing effect, while others showed a possible therapeutic role. This study investigated the effects of in vitro exposure to 50 Hz ELF-MF for up to 24 h on the viability and cellular response of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and MCF-10A breast cell line.

Methods and results
The breast cell lines were exposed to 50 Hz ELF-MF at flux densities of 0.1 mT and 1.0 mT and were examined 96 h after the beginning of ELF-MF exposure. The duration of 50 Hz ELF-MF exposure influenced the cell viability and proliferation of both the tumor and nontumorigenic breast cell lines. In particular, short-term exposure (4–8 h, 0.1 mT and 1.0 mT) led to an increase in viability in breast cancer cells, while long and high exposure (24 h, 1.0 mT) led to a decrease in viability and proliferation in all cell lines. Cancer and normal breast cells exhibited different responses to ELF-MF. Mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were altered after ELF-MF exposure, suggesting that the mitochondria are a probable target of ELF-MF in breast cells.

Conclusions
The viability of breast cells in vitro is influenced by ELF-MF exposure at magnetic flux densities compatible with the limits for the general population and for workplace exposures. The effects are apparent after 96 h and are related to the ELF-MF exposure time.
Longitudinal predictors of word reading for children with Williams syndrome
Authors: Richter Caroline G. , Cardoso-Martins Cláudia , Mervis Carolyn B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examined the cognitive, language, and instructional predictors of early word-reading ability in a sample of children with Williams syndrome longitudinally. At Time 1, sixty-nine 6–7-year-olds (mean age = 6.53 years) completed standardized measures of phonological awareness, visual-spatial perception, vocabulary, and overall intellectual ability. Word-reading instruction type was classified as (systematic) Phonics (n = 35) or Other (n = 34). At Time 2, approximately 3 years later (mean age = 9.47 years), children completed a standardized assessment of single-word reading ability. Reading ability at Time 2 varied considerably, from inability to read any words to word-reading ability slightly above the level expected for age. The results of a multiple regression indicated that Time 1 word-reading instruction type, phonological awareness, and visual-spatial perception (as assessed by a matching letter-like forms measure) each explained significant unique variance in word reading at Time 2. A systematic phonics approach was associated with significantly better performance than other reading-instruction approaches. Exploratory analyses suggested that the relations between these factors were complex. Considered together, these findings strongly suggest that, in line with the Cumulative Risk and Resilience Model of reading disability, word-reading (dis)ability in Williams syndrome is probabilistic in nature, resulting from the interaction of multiple individual and environmental risk and protective factors. The results also have educational implications: early word-reading instruction for children with Williams syndrome should combine systematic phonics and phonological awareness training while also incorporating letter discrimination instruction highlighting the visual-spatial differences between similar-appearing letters.
Vulnerability and Children’s Rights
Authors: Herring Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper will explore the relevance of vulnerability to children’s rights. Broadly speaking legal debates over children can be broken down into two camps. First, those who emphasise the vulnerability of children. For them rights designed to protect children from abuse and promote their welfare are the most significant. Second, those who claim that children are far less vulnerable than is assumed and should be given many of the freedoms of adults. For them rights of autonomy and freedom should be emphasised. This paper will argue that both camps make the error of starting with the norm of adulthood being a time of invulnerability and independence from which children are either distinguished or are closer to than is normally appreciated. Once it is recognised that adults share in children’s vulnerability, we can see that childhood vulnerability is not something which children should be enabled to escape from, nor is it something that is unique to children. Vulnerability and interdependence should form the basis of rights for both children and adults. There is, therefore, no reason why children and adults should not have the same rights.
Die Bildung der Organisation. Zur Komplexitätsfähigkeit von Management und Führung
Authors: Wendt Thomas , Manhart Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer individuelle wie organisationale Umgang mit Komplexität stellt eine zentrale Kompetenz für die Bewältigung aktueller Herausforderungen der VUCA-Welt dar. Der Beitrag der Zeitschrift „Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation (GIO)“ integriert organisations- und bildungstheoretische Annahmen, um die Analogie individueller wie organisationaler Umgangsformen mit Komplexität herauszustellen. Dazu analysiert er die Verlaufsgeschichte von Organisations‑, Management- und Führungstheorie und entwirft eine Bildungstheorie der Organisation, die die Komplexitätsfähigkeit von Individuum und Organisation auf den Begriff bringt.