bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 2021 eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge on La Palma, Canary Islands
Authors: Carracedo Juan C. , Troll Valentin R. , Day James M. D. , Geiger Harri , Aulinas Meritxell , Soler Vicente , Deegan Frances M. , Perez‐Torrado Francisco J. , Gisbert Guillem , Gazel Esteban , Rodriguez‐Gonzalez Alejandro , Albert Helena 
Published: June 2022

Almost exactly half a century after the eruption of the Teneguía Volcano on La Palma (26 October to 28 November 1971), a new eruption occurred on the island and lasted for 85 days from 19 September until 13 December 2021. This new eruption opened a volcanic vent complex on the western flank of the Cumbre Vieja rift zone, the N‐S elongated polygenetic volcanic ridge that has developed on La Palma over the last c. 125 ka. The Cumbre Vieja ridge is the volcanically active region of the island and the most active one of the Canary Islands, hosting half of all the historically recorded eruptive events in the archipelago. The 2021 La Palma eruption has seen no direct loss of human life, thanks to efficient early detection and sensible management of the volcanic crisis by the authorities, but more than 2800 buildings and almost 1000 hectares of plantations and farmland were affected by lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. Satellite surveillance enabled accurate mapping of the progressive buildup of the extensive and complex basaltic lava field, which together with monitoring of gas emissions informed the timely evacuation of local populations from affected areas. Lava flows that reached the sea constructed an extensive system of lava deltas and platforms, similar to events during earlier historical eruptions such as in 1712, 1949 and 1971. Long‐term challenges in the aftermath of the eruption include protection of drainage systems from potential redistribution of tephra during high rainfall events, the use of the large surplus quantities of ash in reconstruction of buildings and in agriculture, and the crucial concerns of where and how rebuilding should and could occur in the aftermath of the eruption. Finally, there remain strong financial concerns over insurance for properties consumed or damaged by the eruption in the light of future volcanic hazards from the Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge.
Editorial to Part II: Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Contributors to Gender‐Role Stereotyping
Authors: Junker Nina M. , Hernandez Bark Alina S. , Kark Ronit , Morgenroth Thekla , Peus Claudia , van Dick Rolf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe papers in Part II of this Special Issue on “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work” emphasize the factors contributing to gender stereotypes. These papers share the aim of understanding the relevance of individual factors, boundary conditions, and of broadening the scope beyond heterosexual women and men. We summarize the papers of this Special Issue Part II and discuss the key takeaways from the whole Special Issue, including Part I “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Quo Vadis Gender Stereotypes?” and Part II “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Contributors to Gender‐Role Stereotyping”, and implications for future research.
Flipping writing metacognitive strategies and writing skills in an English as a foreign language collaborative writing context: a mixed‐methods study
Authors: Liu Gi‐Zen , Rahimi Masoud , Fathi Jalil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe transition from teacher‐centred towards student‐centred approaches in English language teaching, accompanied by developments in educational technology, has attracted researchers' attention to reverse teaching or flipped class. The related literature asserts that this mode of instruction might influence instructors' and students' participation in the class.ObjectivesTo shed more light on the role of flipped class in affecting language learning strategies and skills, this study applied a sequential explanatory mixed‐methods approach to explore the impact of flipped class on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' writing metacognitive strategies and writing skills.MethodsForty‐six intermediate EFL learners with an age range of 21–27, studying at a private language institute, were randomly divided into two groups of 23 learners. The two groups were randomly assigned to a flipped class, which received writing metacognitive strategies and writing skills through video clips before the class time, and a non‐flipped class, which received writing metacognitive strategies and writing skills in a conventional way during the class time.Results and ConclusionsThe results revealed that both flipped and non‐flipped classes improved the EFL learners' writing metacognitive strategies, writing performance, writing content, and writing organisation. Furthermore, one‐way ANCOVA analyses indicated that the flipped class outperformed the non‐flipped class in writing metacognitive strategies, writing performance, writing content, and writing organisation. Thematic analyses, which were used to help analyse individual semi‐structured interviews, uncovered a number of categories and themes, signifying the flipped learners' positive perceptions towards the flipped class, such as enhancing motivation, self‐confidence, and writing collaboration.ImplicationsPedagogical implications were discussed for flipping writing metacognitive strategies and writing skills.
A socially polymorphicFormicaant species exhibits a novel distribution of social supergene genotypes
Authors: Pierce Daniel , Sun Penglin , Purcell Jessica , Brelsford Alan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost supergenes discovered so far are young, occurring in one species or a few closely related species. An ancient supergene in the ant genusFormicapresents an unusual opportunity to compare supergene‐associated phenotypes and the factors that influence the persistence of polymorphism in different species. We investigate the genetic architecture of social organization inFormica francoeuri, an ant species native to low‐ and mid‐elevation semiarid regions of southern California, and describe an efficient technique for estimating mode of social organization using population genomic data. Using this technique, we show thatF. francoeuriexhibits polymorphism in colony social organization and that the phenotypic polymorphism is strongly associated with genotypes within theFormicasocial supergene region. The distribution of supergene haplotypes inF. francoeuridiffers from that of related speciesFormica selysiin that colonies with multiple queens contain almost exclusively workers that are heterozygous for alternative supergene haplotypes. Moreover, heterozygous workers exhibit allele‐specific expression of the polygyne‐associated haplotype at the candidate geneKnockout,which is thought to influence social organization. We also report geographic population structure and variation in worker size across a large fraction of the species range. Our results suggest that, although theFormicasupergene is conserved within the genus, the mechanisms that maintain the supergene and its associated polymorphisms differ among species.
How to Foster Effective Midwife–Obstetrician Collaboration on Labor and Birth Units: Qualitative Analysis of Experiences of Clinicians in the United States
Authors: Adeyemo Oluwatosin O. , Morelli Erin E. , Kennedy Holly Powell 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionEffective collaboration between midwives and obstetricians on labor and birth units in hospitals has been shown to improve birth outcomes and quality of care. Guidelines for collaborative care in the United States exist; however, studies describing the actual lived experiences of midwives and obstetricians in collaborative practice are lacking. The goal of this study was to explore the experiences and perspectives of midwives and obstetricians working in collaborative practices on labor and birth units across the United States and to identify strategies that foster effective collaboration between them.MethodsWe performed qualitative analyses of open‐ended comments obtained in an instrument validation survey assessing collaboration between midwives and obstetricians on labor and birth in the United States. Certified nurse‐midwives, certified midwives, attending general obstetricians, maternal‐fetal medicine attending physicians, and fellows across the United States were included in this study, herein called midwives and obstetricians. The final sample in the original validation survey included 232 midwives and 471 obstetricians (n = 703). Of these, 79 midwives and 132 obstetricians (n = 211) provided narrative comments on their perspectives and experiences with collaborative practice on labor and birth units in the United States. The narrative comments were analyzed using inductive techniques derived from grounded theory.ResultsFour themes around how to foster effective collaboration were identified: (1) developing trust and respect, (2) promoting effective communication, (3) individual variability and need for clear guidelines, and (4) balancing autonomy. The midwives and obstetricians shared lived experiences that they perceived affected their work satisfaction and clinical outcomes in collaborative practices.DiscussionThese findings hold potential to inform clinicians and health care leaders on ways to foster effective collaboration between midwives and obstetricians on labor and birth units. This in turn can improve quality of care for birthing persons, perinatal outcomes and clinician job satisfaction.
Effect of community‐based nutritional education on dietary diversity and consumption of animal‐source foods among rural preschool‐aged children in the Ilu Abba Bor zone of southwest Ethiopia: Quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Bidira Kebebe , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefere 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDietary diversity (DD) is a concern for poor people in developing countries, particularly in Africa. Most people's diets consist primarily of monotonous carbohydrate staples, with little or no animal products and few fresh fruits and vegetables. The aim of this intervention was to see how nutrition education delivered by trained health professionals improved preschool‐aged children's consumption of DD and animal‐sourced foods. The study used a quasi‐experimental design with 588 preschool‐aged children. Researchers used a multistage sample technique followed by a systematic random sampling technique. A χ2 test was used to determine the baseline differences in demographic and socioeconomic factors between the two groups, as well as the relationship between predictors and child DD and animal‐source foods (ASFs). The researchers used generalized estimating equations to assess the change in the difference in outcomes between the intervention and control groups, as well as the association between predictors and child DD and ASFs. The adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals was reported to show the strength of the association. The findings of this study revealed that there was a highly significant difference in both DD scores (DDS) and ASFs between the control and intervention groups DDS (p < 0.003) and ASF (p < 0.001). According to the findings of this study, nutrition education can significantly improve DDS and ASF consumption among preschool‐aged children.
Comparative diagnostic accuracy of immunoprecipitation versus immunoassay methods for detecting Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgG in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Dhooria Sahajal , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Muthu Valliappan , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnostic accuracy of immunoassays versus immunoprecipitation methods for detecting A.fumigatus‐specific IgG in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) complicating asthma remains unclear.MethodsWe performed a systematic review to identify studies describing both the methods in the same ABPA subjects. We assessed study quality using the QUADAS‐2 tool. We derived the relative sensitivity and specificity using the HSROC meta‐regression model. We calculated the number‐needed‐to‐test using an immunoassay to detect one additional positive test in ABPA.ResultsOur search yielded 20 studies (796 ABPA and 929 controls). The studies had a high risk of bias. The summary estimates for sensitivity and specificity of immunoprecipitation methods were 68.6% (95% CI, 48.4–83.5) and 93.8% (95% CI, 83.6–97.8), respectively, while for immunoassays they were 85.2% (95% CI, 73.3–92.3) and 84.6% (95% CI, 76.0–90.5), respectively. The relative sensitivity and specificity of immunoassays compared to immunoprecipitation tests were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.1–1.6) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85–0.97), respectively. The automated immunoassays (1.77; 95% CI, 1.1–2.8) had better relative sensitivity than the manual (1.1; 95% CI, 1.02–1.18) assays compared to immunoprecipitation. The relative specificity of manual immunoassays (0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99) was significantly lower, while that of automated (0.88; 95% CI, 0.77–1.0) assays was lower but not statistically different. One additional positive result was detected for every six (95% CI, 5–7) tests performed with immunoassay (versus immunoprecipitation).ConclusionCompared to immunoprecipiation methods, automated immunoassays have higher sensitivity and similar specificity, manual immunoassays have higher sensitivity and lower specificity, while automated immunoassays have higher sensitivity and similar specificity for detecting A.fumigatus‐IgG in patients with ABPA. [www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=309864].
Reclaiming A. D. Gordon's deep eco‐nationalism
Authors: Shamis Asaf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study seeks to add to the burgeoning literature on the relations between nationalism and environmentalism by examining the ideas of A. D. Gordon (1856–1922). Gordon is not well‐known outside the realm of Zionist scholarship. Nonetheless, a close re‐examination of his ideas reveals that Gordon offers a hybrid brand of deep eco‐national theory that frames traditional deep ecological themes within a general theory of nationalism. Whereas Gordon's theory introduces the ‘nation’ as a central notion to deep ecology thought, at the same time, it adds an ecological dimension rarely taken into account in theories of nationalism. This analysis further shows that although Gordon's pioneering eco‐national theory had high potential for bridging between the two disciplines, it eventually faded into obscurity like eco‐national ideas elsewhere. As Jewish national independence came into view, Gordon's distinctive eco‐nationalism was overshadowed by anthropocentric‐based Zionist politics.
Foreign firm characteristics, labour market restrictions and FDI spillovers: Evidence from Moldova
Authors: Tan Shawn W. , Tusha Dea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates how productivity spillovers from foreign to domestic firms are affected by foreign firm characteristics and labour market conditions in Moldova. We use firm‐level administrative panel data and annual survey region‐sector indicators of labour market conditions in 2005–2014. Baseline regressions show that domestic firms benefit from backward FDI spillovers, while we find no evidence of horizontal or forward spillovers. Spillover effects are heterogeneous and depend on the ownership structure and age of foreign firms. Domestic firms in upstream sectors benefit from both wholly foreign‐owned companies (WFOC) and joint ventures (JV). However, JVs need less time in the market for positive spillovers to materialise, while WFOCs only lead to larger spillover effects when they are older. In regions and sectors where firms experience fewer labour market restrictions, backward FDI spillovers are larger. Interacting foreign firm characteristics with labour market restrictions, we find that spillovers through the labour market channel materialise only for older FDI, regardless of ownership type. The results are in line with our expectation that WFOCs need more time than JVs to develop linkages with local suppliers and lead to spillovers through this channel. Moreover, in developing countries labour market restrictions reduce labour mobility and consequently, the size of FDI spillovers across industries.
In Vitro
Activity of Cefiderocol against Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: CANWARD, 2007 to 2019
Authors: Karlowsky James A. , Walkty Andrew J. , Baxter Melanie R. , Adam Heather J. , Lagacé-Wiens Philippe R. S. , Schweizer Frank , Bay Denice , Lynch Joseph P. , Mulvey Michael R. , Zhanel George G. 
Published: June 2022

After testing cefiderocol against a large collection of clinical isolates of highly antimicrobial-resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, we report that cefiderocol is active versus 97.4% of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and 97.9% of multidrug-resistant (MDR) (
n
= 771) isolates. These data show that cefiderocol may be a treatment option for infections caused by MDR and XDR
P. aeruginosa
.
Self-Examination Low-Cost Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography (SELFF-OCT) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: von der Burchard Claus , Sudkamp Helge , Tode Jan , Ehlken Cristoph , Purtskhvanidze Konstantine , Moltmann Moritz , Heimes Britta , Koch Peter , Münst Michael , vom Endt Malte , Kepp Timo , Theisen-Kunde Dirk , König Inke , Hüttmann Gereon , Roider Johann 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesSelf-Examination Low-Cost Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography (SELFF-OCT) is a novel OCT technology that was specifically designed for home monitoring of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). First clinical findings have been reported before. This trial investigates an improved prototype for patients with AMD and focusses on device operability and diagnostic accuracy compared with established spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT).DesignProspective single-arm diagnostic accuracy study.SettingTertiary care centre (University Eye Clinic).Participants46 patients with age-related macular degeneration.InterventionsPatients received short training in device handling and then performed multiple self-scans with the SELFF-OCT according to a predefined protocol. Additionally, all eyes were examined with standard SD-OCT, performed by medical personnel. All images were graded by at least 2 masked investigators in a reading centre.Primary outcome measureRate of successful self-measurements.Secondary outcome measuresSensitivity and specificity of SELFF-OCT versus SD-OCT for different biomarkers and necessity for antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment.ResultsIn 86% of all examined eyes, OCT self-acquisition resulted in interpretable retinal OCT volume scans. In these patients, the sensitivity for detection of anti-VEGF treatment necessity was 0.94 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99) and specificity 0.95 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.99).ConclusionsSELFF-OCT was used successfully for retinal self-examination in most patients, and it could become a valuable tool for retinal home monitoring in the future. Improvements are in progress to reduce device size and to improve handling, image quality and success rates.Trial registration numberDRKS00013755, CIV-17-12-022384.
What happens when you stop using the combined contraceptive pill? A qualitative study protocol on consequences and supply needs for women who discontinued the combined contraceptive pill in Germany
Authors: Niemann Jana , Schenk Liane , Stadler Gertraud , Richter Matthias 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionFor more than 60 years, contraceptive pills have been prescribed to mostly healthy biological women. An emerging body of research concerning the possible physiological and psychological side effects of hormonal contraception has been published over the past two decades. Consequently, discontinuing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) as a conscious decision for reasons other than desired pregnancy has become increasingly common for menstruating individuals. The question remains as to what physical and psychological consequences can be observed after discontinuing COCs. In addition, the consequent healthcare needs and situations of affected individuals in Germany have not been explored. This study aims to gain greater insight into the relationship between discontinuation of COCs and (1) possible health consequences, and (2) to explore the supply situation for affected women within the German healthcare system.Methods and analysisQualitative episodic interviews with women who discontinue COC therapy will explore possible health consequences, and their current healthcare needs and situations in Germany. The interviews will be transcribed verbatim, coded, and in-depth thematic interpretation will be conducted. Subsequently, expert interviews with health professionals who work with women who discontinue COCs will also be conducted. The expert interviews will be analysed according to the documentary method. Overarching themes will represent the perspectives of women and health professionals on the discontinuation of COCs.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study has been granted by the Ethics Review Committee of Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg (Germany), reference number 2021-34. The findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, posting via social media and presentations at conferences. This study is registered on the OSF platform under the following number: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JYWXM.
EOS: a software for flavor physics phenomenology
Authors: van Dyk D. , Beaujean F. , Blake T. , Bobeth C. , Bordone M. , Dugic K. , Eberhard E. , Gubernari N. , Graverini E. , Jung M. , Kokulu A. , Kürten S. , Leljak D. , Lüghausen P. , Meiser S. , Rahimi M. , Reboud M. , Coutinho R. Silva , Virto J. , Vos K. K. ,   The EOS Authors
Published: June 2022

Abstract is an open-source software for a variety of computational tasks in flavor physics. Its use cases include theory predictions within and beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, Bayesian inference of theory parameters from experimental and theoretical likelihoods, and simulation of pseudo events for a number of signal processes. ensures high-performance computations through a back-end and ease of usability through a front-end. To achieve this flexibility, enables the user to select from a variety of implementations of the relevant decay processes and hadronic matrix elements at run time. In this article, we describe the general structure of the software framework and provide basic examples. Further details and in-depth interactive examples are provided as part of the online documentation.