bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of intraoperative epidural dexamethasone and bupivacaine in reduction of pain and disability following lumbar discectomy
Authors: Saebi Reza , Shakeri Aidin , Mohammadi Alireza , Dalvandi Mohsen , Kamali Alireza 
Published: May 2022

Background:
In lumbar disc herniation, although surgery can provide relief from pain in the low back and lower extremities, many drugs can provide more relief; thus, the aim was the evaluation of epidural dexamethasone and bupivacaine efficacy in lumbar disc herniation surgery.

Methods:
A total of 42 cases were evaluated in a triple-blind randomized clinical trial study. Patients were divided into intervention and control groups based on permuted block randomization. The patient’s condition was assessed based on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. In addition, the patient’s disability was assessed by Oswestry disability index (ODI) at 1 and 6 months after surgery.

Results:
Of the 42 evaluated cases, age (44.0 ± 12.4, P = 0.4) and hospitalization duration (1.9 ± 0.3 days, P = 0.02) had statistically significant difference between two groups. The severity of low back pain before surgery was 2.9 ± 1.9 (P = 0.74), and 3 hours after surgery was 4.9 ± 1.9 in the control group and 2.8 ± 1.3 in the intervention group (P = 0.03), and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In addition, based on the repeated measure test, there was no significant difference between the two groups. ODI value was before surgery 31.7 ± 8.3 (P = 0.77), 5.2 ± 2.4 (P = 0.9) at 1 month after surgery, and 4.5 ± 1.8 (P = 0.6) at 6 months after surgery, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Dexamethasone and bupivacaine can be effective in post-operation pain control, although this difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.
Palliative Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy in Incurable Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients – 2-Year Follow-up Experience from a Tertiary Center from South India
Authors: Velarasan S. Kanmani , Ramasundaram Deivanayagam 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
The main aim of the study was to assess tumor response to hypofractionated (HYPO Trial schedule) course of radiotherapy in patients with incurable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in our patients.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed records of 23 patients treated between January 2019 and December 2019 with hypofractionated radiation therapy. These patients were given palliative radiation if they were deemed to be unsuitable for curative treatment due to poor general condition, comorbidities, advanced stage of disease, and/or advanced age. Radiation therapy schedule was 30 Gy in 5 fractions twice weekly and all the patients were treated with telecobalt machine. The assessment was done clinically. Records of tumor response, mucosal, and skin toxicity noted during radiation therapy and during follow-up were taken from patient records.

Results:
The most common primary site was oral cavity (48%) followed by oropharynx (31%). Most of the patients presented in Stage IVA (52%) followed by Stage III (31%) at diagnosis. Grades 2 and 3 mucositides were reported in 14 (64%) and 8 (36%), respectively. Eighty percent of the patients had partial response in primary and 65% of the patients had partial response in node. Twenty-seven percent of our patients had stable diseases. Partial response was seen in highest in patients with primary in oral cavity (80%) patients followed by hypopharynx (75%).

Conclusion:
This regimen offers better symptom palliation, acceptable treatment toxicity and appears practical in centers having a significant proportion of incurable head-and-neck cancer patients.
Point-wise variability of threshold sensitivity of 24-2 and 10-2 visual fields
Authors: Rao Aparna , Rao Harsha L. , Padhy Debananda 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
To evaluate point-wise variability of threshold sensitivity at different test locations on 24-2 and 10-2 visual field (VF).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Electronic medical records of patients seen at a tertiary eye care center were screened to include those with at least 3 reliable VF with glaucomatous defects involving fixation on 24-2 and confirmed on 10-2 test strategy. Ninety eyes of 90 patients were categorized into 3 severity groups based on mean deviation (MD on 24-2) test strategy; MD<-6 dB and >-12 dB, <-12 dB and >-20 dB and <-20 dB and >-30 dB. Variability of threshold sensitivity at all topographical test locations in central (ring 1), mid-peripheral (ring 2), peripheral rings on 24-2 VF test strategy (ring 3), and central (ring 4) and paracentral (ring 5) on 10-2 VF test along with variability of visual field index and central field index were calculated by multilevel mixed effects model.

RESULTS:
Central ring1 on 24-2 and ring 4 on 10-2 showed higher variability (>10 dB) than peripheral ring 2, 3, and 5. Seventy-three eyes were adjudged as stable and 17 as progressing in this cohort. The average ring and point-wise variability was higher in stable eyes (2-6 dB) across all glaucoma severities. Across severity, variability was seen to decrease with increasing severity with minimal variability in point-wise threshold sensitivity beyond MD <-20 dB.

CONCLUSION:
Central test points/ring on 24-2 and 10-2 with greater threshold variability suggests that status of the eye, severity and topographical location of test points should be incorporated into conventional progression algorithms to predict true glaucoma progression.
Gas exchange, growth and quality of guava seedlings under salt stress and salicylic acid
Authors: Xavier Adnelba Vitória Oliveira , Lima Geovani Soares de , Gheyi Hans Raj , Silva André Alisson Rodrigues da , Soares Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos , Lacerda Cassiano Nogueira de 
Published: May 2022

Guava is a popular Brazilian fruit that is widely produced in Northeastern Brazil, a region with water sources that commonly have high concentrations of salts. Thus, searching for techniques that allow the management of these waters is extremely important for the expansion of irrigated agriculture. In this context, salicylic acid is a phytohormone that can contribute to reducing the effects of salt stress on plants. Given the above, this study evaluated the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid at different concentrations in the mitigation of salt stress on gas exchange, growth, and quality of 'Paluma' guava seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in Campina Grande - PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 5 × 5 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of water (0.6, 1.5, 2.4, 3.3, and 4.2 dS m-1) and five concentrations of salicylic acid (0 - Control; 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, and 3.2 mM), with four replicates and two plants per plot. Foliar application of salicylic acid at a concentration of up to 1.4 mM reduced the deleterious effects of salt stress on the instantaneous water use efficiency of 'Paluma' guava seedlings at 180 days after sowing. The concentrations of salicylic acid applied via foliar did not mitigate the harmful effects of irrigation water salinity on the growth and quality of 'Paluma' guava seedlings.
Keywords: Abiotic stress, Psidium guajava L., water scarcity.
Medication adherence and quality of life among asthmatic patients in primary care in Indonesia
Authors: Nugraheni Gesnita , Santoso Ayu N. A. , Puspitasari Dian , Setiawan Catur D. , Nita Yunita 
Published: May 2022

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease that occurs in various ages, either in developed or developing countries, causing the disturbance in daily life. The absence of asthma symptoms before an attack potentially leads to medication non-adherence behaviour.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess medication adherence of asthmatic patients and analyse the relationship with quality of life. The asthmatic patients who were smokers were also identified.
Methods: A cross-sectional study using the survey method was conducted. Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS-A) was used to measure adherence, and The Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) was used for measuring the quality of life.
Results: 80 asthmatic patients from ten primary health care centers in Surabaya participated in this survey, predominantly female (56, 70.0%) and 45- 54 years of age (27, 33.8%). There were eight (10.0%) participants who were smokers. Most asthmatic patients were categorised to have intermittent asthma (41, 51.2%) and mostly received oral short-acting beta2-agonist (56, 41.0%). Fully adherence behaviour was only detected in 12 patients (15.0%). Most patients had a moderate quality of life (66, 82.5%). There was a low and positive relationship between adherence and quality of life (r = 0.296, p = 0.008).
Conclusions: Because medication adherence is linked to quality of life, health care providers should encourage adherence among asthmatic patients. The quality of life of asthmatic patients in primary care should be improved by further research. Also, there were asthmatic patients who were smokers who needed more help quitting.
OECD ÜLKELERİNİN ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 DÜZEYLERİNİN CRITIC VE CODAS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: EŞİYOK Sevgi , DEMİRCİOĞLU Mert 
Published: May 2022

Endüstri 4.0, tüm dünya ülkeleri için sürdürebilir ekonomik büyüme için büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle de Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından gelişmiş ülkelerle rekabet edebilme yeteneğine sahip olma açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu nedenle, ülkeler bu dönüşüm için gerekli tüm yönetim şekli, altyapı, süreç ve teknolojilere uyum sağlamak zorundadır. B
Amaç: Araştırmada, ülkelerin 2019 yılına ait Endüstri 4.0 ve dijital dönüşüm göstergelerinin çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri ile değerlendirilmesi ve ülke performanslarının belirlenip karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu araştırmada ülke performansları değerlendirilirken patent başvuruları, Ar-Ge’ye yapılan gayri safi yurtiçi harcamalar (GSYİH'nın yüzdesi), toplam araştırmacı sayısı, sabit geniş bant abonelikleri, güvenli internet sunucuları, bilgisayar, iletişim ve diğer hizmetler (ticari hizmet ihracatının yüzdesi), imalat endüstrisinde robot yoğunluğu, küresel rekabet endeksi, kişi başına GSYİH, iş yapma kolaylığı, küresel inovasyon endeksi, hükümet yapay zekâ hazırlık endeksi, ağ hazırlığı endeksi, UNCTAD B2C E-Ticaret endeksi gibi birçok farklı kriter kullanılmıştır. Her ülkenin Endüstri 4.0 ve dijitalleşme ile ilişkili kriterlerinin ağırlıklandırılması çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden CRITIC yöntemi ile, ülkelerin sıralaması ise CODAS yöntemi ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda ekonomik ve teknolojik olarak gelişmiş olan ülkelerden ABD, Japonya, Güney Kore ve Almanya gibi ülkeler Endüstri 4.0 ve dijitalleşme göstergelerine göre üst sıralarda yer almıştır. Danimarka, İsveç, Fransa, İsviçre, Finlandiya, İngiltere gibi Avrupa’nın önde gelen ülkeleri ise ortalama seviyelerde yer almışlardır. Sıralamada 20 ülke arasında Slovenya, İspanya, Slovakya, Türkiye ve Meksika son sıralarda yer almıştır.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışmada ülkelerin Endüstri 4.0 ve dijitalleşme performansları çok kriterleri karar verme yöntemi ile sıralanmıştır. Araştırma ile ilgili literatür geniş çaplı irdelenmiş ve ülkelerin Endüstri 4.0 performanslarının araştırıldığı çalışmaların özellikle Türkiye’de oldukça az olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Performans ölçümünde kullanılan kriterler bu çalışmalar doğrultusunda belirlenmiştir. Bu sayede kriterlerin çeşitliliği açısından bu alanda yapılan en kapsamlı çalışmalardan biridir.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENUMPANG TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PELABUHAN FERY JUANGA
Authors: Darwis Fitro , Resti Mulya Elfira , Hariyanto Bambang 
Published: May 2022

Pelabuhan Fery di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai satu-satunya berada di Desa Juanga Kecamatan Morotai Selatan. Pelabuhan Fery Desa Juanga merupakan akses satu-satunya transportasi orang/barang ke Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Pelayanan Kapal Fery Desa Juanga hanya melayani Rute Morotai –Tobelo. Dalam aspek kepuasan pengguna sarana prasarana transportasi laut Pelabuhan Fery masih dinilai cukup karena masih dilakukan pembenahan-pembenahan dari infrastruktur terminal meskipun cenderung terlambat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui dan mengevaluasi tingkat kepuasan penumpang kapal terhadap pelayanan pelabuhan fery desa juanga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survey. Dimana data yang didapat berupa data hasil observasi lapangan dan juga wawancara. Responden merupakan populasi penumpang kapal di pelabuhan fery desa juanga. Jumlah penumpang kapal fery dalam satu bulan diakumulasi cukup banyak sehinga untuk keefektifan pengambilan data penentuan jumlah responden menggunakan teknik sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan data uji validitas, sebanyak 23 pernyataan dinyatakan valid dari 102 orang responden. Uji reliabilitas dilakukan dengan melihat hasil nilai croncbach’s alpha > 0,6. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa dengan variabel tersebut nilai alpha 0,741. Sehingga semua variabel dinyatakan reliable atau tingkat reliable sangat tinggi. Tingkat pelayanan pelabuhan ferry Desa Juanga ditinjau berdasarkan persepsi penumpang dengan beberapa kategori penilaian yang dijadikan variabel diantaranya keandalan (reliability), daya tanggap (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), kepedulian (emphaty), dan bukti fisik (tangible). Dari 5 variabel pelayanan, secara menyeluruh kepuasan penumpang lebih besar pada variabel kepedulian (emphaty) dimana kecenderungan variabel berada pada kategori sangat tinggi sebanyak 78,43%.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUMUR DI SEPUTARAN PERTAMBANGAN PT. NUSA HALMAHERA MINERALS (STUDI KASUS DESA BERINGI KECAMATAN MALIFUT)
Authors: Abd. Rahman Irfan Hi. , Kusman M. Reza , Kharie Hariyani , Aja M. Fahmi 
Published: May 2022

Untuk mengetahui kualitas air maka yang dilakukan adalah melalui pengujian terhadap air tersebut. Pengujian dilakukan biasanya pada uji Fisik, Kimia, Biologi dan juga uji terhadap bau dan warna. Tujuan dari pengujian tersebut adalah untuk menjamin keamanan dan kelestarian pada saat digunakan Setiap parameter kualitas air yang terukur memiliki kadar yang berbeda- beda tergantung pada daerah dan aktivitas manusia yang terdapat dilingkungan tersebut. Selain itu kualitas air ditentukan oleh kandungan sedimen yang tersuspensi dan bahan kimia yang terlarut didalam air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas yang diseputaran pertambangan PT NHM. Dari hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa kualitas air sumur gali di seputaran PT NHM memenuhi syarat untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber air bersih berdasarkan peraturan menteri kesehatan no 492 tentang persyaratan kualitas air minum untuk variabel pH, Variabel Turbidity dan Variabel Warna
BANGUNAN DAN AREA PENDUKUNG DI KAWASAN DESA JELARAI SELOR SEBAGAI ECOMUSEUM DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Sholehah  , Wardana Damar Satria 
Published: May 2022

Potensi masyarakat suku Dayak di desa Jelarai Selor yang masih kental dengan tradisi budayanya sangat penting untuk dilestarikan agar tidak memudar dan tergerus oleh perkembangan jaman. Salah satu cara pelestarian yang bisa dilakukan, yaitu menjadikan desa Jelarai Selor sebagai Ecomuseum. Pemilihan Ecomuseum sebagai pendekatan pelestarian kebudayaan diharapkan mampu berdampak pada peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat, karena dalam Ekomuseum masyarakat setempat adalah pelaku utama yang menjadi objek sekaligus penggerak dalam kegiatan pelestarian budaya yang ada. Upaya menjadikan desa Jelarai Selor sebagai Ecomuseum perlu didukung dengan penyediaan bangunan dan area pendukung, karena pada desa Jelarai selor ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana masih sangat minim.
Metode yang dipergunakan dalam perencanaan ini, yaitu dengan melakukan studi literatur, tinjauan preseden desain, melakukan survey langsung ke lapangan untuk mengetahui potensi dan tantangan yang ada, dilanjutkan dengan melakukan analisis dan bermuara pada rekomendasi desain bangunan dan area pendukung.
Untuk mempersiapkan desa Jelarai Selor sebagai Ekomuseum, bangunan dan area pendukung yang perlu untuk direncanakan, adalah bangunan pengelola, bangunan penyimpanan dan ruang pamer barang-barang bernilai sejarah dan seni, pusat kuliner, pusat souvenir serta fasilitas pendukung lainnya untuk menunjang kinerja bangunan dan tapak. Pendekatan srsitektur berkelanjutan dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan unsur budaya setempat sebagai bentuk penghargaan terhdap ekspresi dan budaya setempat. Unsur budaya setempat yang dominan diaplikasikan, yaitu pada bentuk bangunan (bentuk panggung dan rumah Panjang), penggunaan ornament dekoratif yang sesuai dengan peruntukan, penggunaan material dan teknologi yang familiar oelh masyarakat, serta orientasi bangunan yang menyesuaikan dengan kebiasaan masyarakat suku Dayak dimana sungai sebagai orientasi utama dalam menetukan perletakan bangunan.
PEMANFAATAN DATA CITRA SATELIT HIMAWARI-8 UNTUK MENGANALISIS KEJADIAN HUJAN ES DAN KEJADIAN ANGIN PUTING BELIUNG (STUDI KASUS : JANGKAT, KABUPATEN MERANGIN DAN BENCAH, KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN)
Authors: Pratama M Jodi , Mulya Aditya 
Published: May 2022

Meningkatnya bencana hidrometerologi dari tahun ke tahun di wilayah Indonesia, telah memberikan dampak yang substansial bagi masyarakat baik secara materi maupun immateri seperti kejadian hujan es di Kabupaten Merangin, Jambi pada tanggal 15 September 2021 dan kejadian puting beliung di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan, Bangka Belitung pada tanggal 7 Desember 2021 yang telah mengakibatkan banyak kerugian, baik kerugian dalam bentuk rumah rusak maupun dalam bentuk kerusakan lahan pertanian di wilayah tersebut. Melalui penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi perawanan dan mengetahui aktivitas pertumbuhan awan konvektif pada saat hujan es dan angin puting beliung dengan memanfaatkan data penginderaan jauh satelit Himawari-8 yang di proses menggunakan aplikasi SATAID. Dari hasil pengolahan data citra Himawari-8. Pada kejadian hujan es di wilayah kabupaten Jangkat, 15 September 2021 aktivitas kondisi perawanan di daerah penelitian cenderung di dominasi oleh awan konvektif berjenis cumulonimbus dan pada saat kejadian hujan es terdektesi terjadi penurunan secara drastis suhu puncak awan mencapai 80˚C sedangkan pada saat kejadian angin puting beliung diwilayah kabupaten Bangka Selatan, 7 Desember 2021 didektesi terdapat awan cumulonimbus yang berinisiasi menjadi awan cumulonimbus multisel yang selanjutnya teridentifikasi membentuk sistem MCC dengan durasi 8 jam.
PLANNING FOR COASTAL COMMUNITY CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: AN ECOSYSTEMS-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Celeste Novlloyd , Malabarbas Gerald 
Published: May 2022

Adaptation to climate change is seen as the immediate response of people anywhere in the world. However, there is still a problem in its implementation as no solution fits all problems. Coastal communities’ vulnerable situation is not exempted from climate change impacts, but the fact that it has numerous ecosystems provide basic life support. Thus, this paper is guided by the following objectives 1) determine ecosystems and socioeconomic sectors reliant and dependent on strategies and policies of coastal communities; and 2) examine the current adaptation strategies and activities. Focus group discussions among key officials and document analysis were carried on. After a rigorous examination, it was discovered that coastal communities are reliant on fishery and water resources ecosystem services. In this regard, adaptation options are geared toward the protection of these services to continually provide to local communities. Alternative livelihoods are also seen as a long-term response to climate change adaptation apart from policy and ordinances to protect and conserve the ecosystems.
Keywords: Climate Change Adaptation, Ecosystem Services, Adaptation Strategies, Climate Environmental Protection Laws And Policies, Coastal Communities.
Earth System Model Aerosol–Cloud Diagnostics (ESMAC Diags) package, version 1: assessing E3SM aerosol predictions using aircraft, ship, and surface measurements
Authors: Tang Shuaiqi , Fast Jerome D. , Zhang Kai , Hardin Joseph C. , Varble Adam C. , Shilling John E. , Mei Fan , Zawadowicz Maria A. , Ma Po-Lun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. An Earth system model (ESM) aerosol–cloud diagnostics
package is developed to facilitate the routine evaluation of aerosols,
clouds, and aerosol–cloud interactions simulated by the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) from the US Department of
Energy (DOE). The first version
focuses on comparing simulated aerosol properties with aircraft, ship, and
surface measurements, which are mostly measured in situ. The diagnostics
currently cover six field campaigns in four geographical regions: eastern
North Atlantic (ENA), central US (CUS), northeastern Pacific (NEP), and
Southern Ocean (SO). These regions produce frequent liquid- or mixed-phase
clouds, with extensive measurements available from the Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement (ARM) program and other agencies. Various types of diagnostics
and metrics are performed for aerosol number, size distribution, chemical
composition, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration, and various meteorological quantities to
assess how well E3SM represents observed aerosol properties across spatial
scales. Overall, E3SM qualitatively reproduces the observed aerosol number
concentration, size distribution, and chemical composition reasonably well,
but it overestimates Aitken-mode aerosols and underestimates accumulation-mode aerosols
over the CUS and ENA regions, suggesting that processes related to particle
growth or coagulation might be too weak in the model. The current version of
E3SM struggles to reproduce the new particle formation events frequently
observed over both the CUS and ENA regions, indicating missing processes in
current parameterizations. The diagnostics package is coded and organized in
a way that can be extended to other field campaign datasets and adapted to
higher-resolution model simulations.
Penerapan Metode Economic Order Quantity Sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Tepung Pada Rifani Bakery Blitar
Authors: Halima Hasna , Pravitasari Dyah 
Published: May 2022

Pengendalian persediaan menjadi aspek utama dalam manajemen persediaan sebagai pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan mengenai kebutuhan produksi dapat terpenuhi secara optimal. Rifani Bakpia & Bakery merupakan usaha kecil menengah dengan menjual produk makanan seperti aneka kue, bakpia dan bakery. Dalam kegiatan produksi Rifani Bakpia & Bakery sering melakukan pembelian. Hal ini disebabkan bahan baku yang dibeli terbatas sehingga hanya dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan produksi selama 3-4 hari saja. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mematok jangka waktu pembelian bahan baku kembali secara tepat dan total biaya persediaan yang optimal supaya mengurangi biaya-biaya yang dikeluarkan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity meliputi perhitungan jumlah persediaan optimal, persediaan pengaman, waktu pemesanan kembali dan total biaya persediaan (TIC). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, metode EOQ lebih efektif dan ekonomis daripada menggunakan kebijakan perusahaan. Terbukti frekuensi pembelian menjadi lebih efisien yaitu sebesar 12 kali dalam setahun dan total biaya persedian optimal sebesar Rp212.700,-. Pengendalian persediaan juga semakin intensif sebab Rifani Bakpia & Bakery dapat mengetahui ROP dan safety stock-nya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode EOQ lebih optimal, efektif dan efisien untuk diterapkan dalam manajemen pengendalian persediaan.