bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematic alignment versus mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty: An up-to-date meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Gengshuang , Wang Lishan , Liu Linzhou , Zhang Yali , Zuo Lixiong , Li Jianpeng 
Published: October 2022

Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and imaging parameters of kinematic alignment (KA) and mechanical alignment (MA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to evaluate whether patients undergoing KA-TKA benefited more than those undergoing MA-TKA. Methods Studies comparing the efficacy of KA-TKA and MA-TKA were included after searching and screening in the database, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Database Library. A total of 1420 patients were enrolled in the study, with 736 MA-TKA and 738 KA-TKA. The primary outcomes were postoperative knee function scores including KSS series, WOMAC, KOOS and OKS. Secondary outcomes included the operative time, the length of hospital stay, knee extension/flexion angle, and some imaging parameters. The risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaborative risk-of-bias assessment tool or the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS). Results Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis (11 randomized controlled studies and 5 cohort studies). Primary outcomes: Knee Society score (KSS, MD = 8.36, 95% Cl: 0.83–15.90) and combined KSS (MD = 15.24, 95% CI: 5.41–25.07) were higher in KA-TKA than in MA-TKA, and other functional scores were not statistically significant in KA-TKA and MA-TKA, including knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), Oxford knee score (OKS), Knee Function score (KFS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes: KA-TKA resulted in smaller medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) compared to MA-TKA. For other outcome measures, KA-TKA showed similar results compared to MA-TKA, including hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, extension/flexion angle, tibial component slope angle, joint line orientation angle (JLOA), the operation time, the length of hospital stay and ligament release rate. Conclusions In our analysis results, patients undergoing KA-TKA benefit as much as patients undergoing MA-TKA. KA may be a viable reference in total knee replacement.
Prescribing Trends of Oral Anticoagulants from 2010 to 2020 in Shanghai, China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Jia , Yang Ya , Ma Er-Li , Lin Hou-Wen , Liu Bing-Long , Gu Zhi-Chun 
Published: October 2022

Aim Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were developed as an alternative to warfarin to prevent thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), prosthetic heart valves, venous thromboembolism (VTE), or other thrombotic disorders. The aim of this study is to explore the trends in prescribing OACs, including warfarin and NOACs, in Shanghai, China. Methods Prescription data of OACs were retrospectively collected from Rx Analysis System from 2010 to 2020 in Shanghai, China. Comparisons were made on the trends of each OACs according to different indications, age groups, and hospital grades. The costs and the contribution of individual OACs were also explored. Results Growing trends in overall prescriptions for OACs were observed. The prescriptions of NOACs were significantly increased since 2016, while the prescriptions of warfarin kept decreasing since 2017. A highly statistically significant increase in prescriptions of Rivaroxaban was observed from 2016 to 2020 ( P < .001). Despite the price reduction of rivaroxaban in 2018, the total cost of rivaroxaban continued to rise ( P < .001). Rivaroxaban emerged as a preferred NOAC in both indications of AF and VTE, and accounted for more than three-quarters of the total costs for OACs since 2019. Compared with rivaroxaban, the prescription numbers of dabigatran and apixaban were much smaller, and the growth of prescriptions were much slower. Differences in prescribing patterns in different indications, age groups, and grades of hospitals were also founded. Conclusion There has been a rapid increase in the use of OAC over the last 11 years in Shanghai, China. NOACs have been adopted rapidly, and have been gradually replacing warfarin. Warfarin remains the top choice for certain patients with valvular heart disease. Future studies are warranted considering changes in the OAC use in a larger scale, as well as the rationality and its influence factors on OAC use.
Assessment of the performance of vascular access for hemodialysis
Authors: de Paula Mariane Amado , Pinheiro da Costa Bartira Ercília , Figueiredo Ana Elizabeth , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo 
Published: October 2022

Background: Life and quality of life on hemodialysis depends on adequate vascular access. An autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has the best performance, while the use of a central venous catheter (CVC) may have a negative impact on fistula performance and may be associated with increased systemic inflammation. Our objective is to evaluate the performance of vascular accesses in patients undergoing a chronic hemodialysis program. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study that included patients on chronic hemodialysis for more than 90 days. Patients with an acute systemic inflammatory disease and those with acute cardiovascular illness were excluded. Clinical data, dialysis session parameters, and serum levels of inflammatory markers were evaluated. Results: A total of 91 patients were evaluated, 59 (65%) had an AVF and 32 patients (35%) had a CVC. The adequacy rate was 67%; being 67.8% with AVF and 65.6% with CVC. Among the causes of AVF inadequacy, the ones that presented the highest prevalence ratio (PR) were non-mature AVF (PR: 4.055; 95% CI: 2.017–8.151), pseudoaneurysm (PR: 6.580; 95% CI: 3.723–11.629) and presence of hematoma (PR: 4.360; 95% CI: 2.125–8.946), p < 0.001. Among the catheter group, the causes of inadequacy with the highest PR were the presence of access thrombosis, indicating the use of thrombolytics (PR: 11.103; 95% CI: 4.746–25.977; p < 0.001) and infection (PR: 2.984; 95% CI: 1.293–6.889; p = 0.010). Median primary AVF patency was 72 months compared to 7 months of catheters ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum inflammatory markers between the two groups. Conclusions: Adequacy rates of vascular accesses did not differ between the groups, but the primary and functional patency of AVF is 10 times higher than that of catheters. Infection in dialysis catheters is associated with worse access performance. There was no association between systemic inflammation and vascular access.
Effects of acute endurance exercise and exhaustive exercise on innate immune signals induced by mtDNA
Authors: Ge Zhe , Zhang Zhe , Ding Shuzhe 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Numerous studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can trigger innate immune signaling, and exercise can induce mitochondrial stress. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the influence of different types of acute exercise on the innate immune signaling triggered by mtDNA. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice ( n = 18) were randomly and equally divided into three groups. They were control group, acute moderate-intensity endurance exercise group (AMIE), and 3-day exhaustive exercise group (EE) respectively. Mice were sacrificed immediately after exercise. The spleen, liver, and blood were taken for analysis. Results: The amount of mtDNA in the liver cytoplasm and plasma was significantly decreased after AMIE ( p < .05). However, the amount of mtDNA in plasma was increased after EE (p < .05). The mRNA expression of TFAM, and most TLR9 and cGAS/STING signaling pathway-related genes in the liver and spleen was markedly elevated, whereas the expression of those genes in leukocytes was reduced after AMIE. Furthermore, AMIE significantly decreased the protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the liver ( p < .05) and STING in spleen ( p < .01). Also, AMIE and EE caused a drop in circulating IFN-β levels ( p < .05). Conclusion: A single bout of moderate-intensity exercise reduces mtDNA-induced innate immune signaling and suppresses inflammatory responses by decreasing hepatic cytoplasmic and circulating mtDNA. However, repeated bouts of exhaustive exercise stimulate innate immune signaling by increasing levels of circulating mtDNA.
Low and high body mass index and lower numbers of screws in the articular segment are risk factors for non-union of distal humeral fractures in the elderly: A multi-center retrospective study (TRON study)
Authors: Iwase Kenya , Takegami Yasuhiko , Tokutake Katsuhiro , Oshika Yasutaka , Yokoyama Hiroki , Tanaka Kohei , Sakai Tadahiro , Imagama Shiro 
Published: October 2022

Background Distal humerus fracture in the elderly is a challenging fracture for orthopedic surgeons. Non-union is one of the serious complications of distal humerus fracture after surgery. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to estimate the incidence of distal humeral non-union after open reduction and internal fixation, determine factors related to non-union, and compare the postoperative results of cases with non-union to cases with the union. Methods Among 423 patients diagnosed with distal humeral fracture and who were treated by surgical therapy in 2010–2020 from our database called TRON. Only 190 subjects met the inclusion criteria. We performed a logistic regression analysis with the presence of non-union as the response variable to examine risk factors. We compare the Mayo Elbow Performance Scores of cases with non-union to cases with the union. Results Non-union occurred after surgery in 15 patients (7.9%). The logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index<20 kg/m2 and ≥25 kg/m2, and ≤3 screws in the articular segment were significant explanatory factors for non-union (odds ratio 10.4 and 47.8, respectively). The Mayo Elbow Performance Scores were significantly worse in patients with non-union. Discussion Low and high body mass index and three or fewer screws in the articular segment might be risk factors for non-union of distal humerus fracture in the elderly. Non-union is associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Public perceptions of a healthy lifestyle change conversational agent in Singapore: A qualitative study
Authors: Dhinagaran Dhakshenya Ardhithy , Car Lorainne Tudor 
Published: October 2022

Objective Conversational agents (CAs) are increasingly used for the delivery of healthy lifestyle behaviour interventions. This qualitative study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to participants’ usage of a healthy lifestyle change CA and collect their views on areas for its improvement. Methods Twenty participants were recruited from a convenience sample of users interacting with a CA promoting healthy lifestyle changes to the general population in Singapore. This CA, Precilla, educated users on healthy living, specifically: diet, exercise, sleep and stress; for four weeks. The volunteers participated in semi-structured interviews where an interview guide was used, with questions on acceptability, satisfaction and critical appraisal of the CA. Interviews were transcribed and analysed in parallel by two researchers using thematic content analysis. Results Four main themes were identified: (1) enjoyable and acceptable experiences, (2) suboptimal experience(s), (3) alterations to Precilla for enhanced interaction and (4) suggestions for the future. Enjoyable experiences referenced the CA's friendly personality and important content that motivated a positive change to their lifestyle. Some participants were less satisfied and found the content to be too simple or sometimes, the messages too lengthy. Conclusions Participants suggested that in the future, CAs should provide regularly updated content on healthy living, specifically pre-diabetes. Multiple answer options should also be provided for more personalisation along with links to external resources to help improve users’ health literacy. Further recommendations include a necessity for a user-centered approach in CA development, employment of engagement strategies, use of a delivery platform most familiar to the target population and stratified message timings to suit the population and purpose of CA. Translating the health CAs to languages relevant to the target group could also enable wider reach and applicability.
Coats Plus Syndrome in a Premature Infant, With a Focus on Management
Authors: Sears Avery E. , Awh Caroline C. , Kunhiabdullah Shafeeque , Sears Jonathan E. , Mammo Danny A. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: A premature infant was diagnosed with Coats plus syndrome based on a genetic evaluation showing biallelic heterozygous pathogenic CTC1 variants. Methods: A case study was performed, including findings and interventions. Results: A premature infant born 30 weeks gestational age weighing 817 g was evaluated for retinopathy of prematurity at 35 weeks corrected gestational age. An initial dilated fundus examination showed an exudative retinal detachment (RD) in the right eye and avascularity post-equatorially in the left eye with telangiectasias and aneurysmal dilations. Genetic evaluation showed biallelic heterozygous pathogenic CTC1 variants, diagnostic of Coats plus syndrome. Sequential examination under anesthesia with fluorescein showed progressive ischemia despite confluent photocoagulation. Conclusions: CTC1 gene variants manifest as Coats plus syndrome, which has a clinical appearance consistent with retinovascular ischemia, capillary remodeling, aneurysmal dilation, and exudative RD. Systemic and local corticosteroids in conjunction with peripheral laser ablation decreased vascular exudation and avoided intraocular intervention.
Novel insights into mouse models of ectopic proplatelet release
Authors: Spindler Markus , Bergmeier Wolfgang , Stradal Theresia E. B. , Zhang Jinyi , Siminovitch Katherine A. , Nicolai Leo , Reinhold Annegret , Bender Markus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMature bone marrow (BM) megakaryocytes (MKs) produce platelets by extending proplatelets into sinusoidal blood vessels. Defects in this process can lead to thrombocytopenia and increased risk of bleeding. Mice lacking the actin-regulatory proteins Profilin 1 (PFN1), Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp), Actin Related Protein 2/3 complex (Arp2/3), or adhesion and degranulation-promoting adapter protein (ADAP) display thrombocytopenia and ectopic release of (pro)platelet-like particles into the BM compartment, pointing to an important axis of actin-mediated directional proplatelet formation. The mechanism underlying ectopic release in these mice is still not completely understood. However, we hypothesized that similar functional defects account for this observation. We analyzed WASp-, ADAP-, PFN1-, and ARPC2-knockout mice to determine the role of actin reorganization and integrin activation in directional proplatelet formation. ADAP-, ARPC2-, and PFN1-deficient MKs displayed reduced adhesion to collagen, defective F-actin organization, and diminished β1-integrin activation. WASp-deficient MKs showed the strongest reduction in the adhesion assay of collagen and altered F-actin organization with reduced podosome formation. Our results indicate that ADAP, PFN1, WASp, and ARP2/3 are part of the same pathway that regulates polarization processes in MKs and directional proplatelet formation into BM sinusoids.
BRANEnet: embedding multilayer networks for omics data integration
Authors: Jagtap Surabhi , Pirayre Aurélie , Bidard Frédérique , Duval Laurent , Malliaros Fragkiskos D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundGene expression is regulated at different molecular levels, including chromatin accessibility, transcription, RNA maturation, and transport. These regulatory mechanisms have strong connections with cellular metabolism. In order to study the cellular system and its functioning, omics data at each molecular level can be generated and efficiently integrated. Here, we proposeBRANEnet, a novel multi-omics integration framework for multilayer heterogeneous networks.BRANEnetis an expressive, scalable, and versatile method to learn node embeddings, leveraging random walk information within a matrix factorization framework. Our goal is to efficiently integrate multi-omics data to study different regulatory aspects of multilayered processes that occur in organisms. We evaluate our framework using multi-omics data ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, a well-studied yeast model organism.ResultsWe testBRANEneton transcriptomics (RNA-seq) and targeted metabolomics (NMR) data for wild-type yeast strain during a heat-shock time course of 0, 20, and 120 min. Our framework learns features for differentially expressed bio-molecules showing heat stress response. We demonstrate the applicability of the learned features for targeted omics inference tasks: transcription factor (TF)-target prediction, integrated omics network (ION) inference, and module identification. The performance ofBRANEnetis compared to existing network integration methods. Our model outperforms baseline methods by achieving high prediction scores for a variety of downstream tasks.
Predicting potential miRNA-disease associations based on more reliable negative sample selection
Authors: Guo Ruiyu , Chen Hailin , Wang Wengang , Wu Guangsheng , Lv Fangliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing biomedical studies have shown that the dysfunction of miRNAs is closely related with many human diseases. Identifying disease-associated miRNAs would contribute to the understanding of pathological mechanisms of diseases. Supervised learning-based computational methods have continuously been developed for miRNA-disease association predictions. Negative samples of experimentally-validated uncorrelated miRNA-disease pairs are required for these approaches, while they are not available due to lack of biomedical research interest. Existing methods mainly choose negative samples from the unlabelled ones randomly. Therefore, the selection of more reliable negative samples is of great importance for these methods to achieve satisfactory prediction results.ResultsIn this study, we propose a computational method termed as KR-NSSM which integrates two semi-supervised algorithms to select more reliable negative samples for miRNA-disease association predictions. Our method uses a refinedK-means algorithm for preliminary screening of likely negative and positive miRNA-disease samples. ARocchioclassification-based method is applied for further screening to receive more reliable negative and positive samples. We implement ablation tests in KR-NSSM and find that the combination of the two selection procedures would obtain more reliable negative samples for miRNA-disease association predictions. Comprehensive experiments based on fivefold cross-validations demonstrate improvements in prediction accuracy on six classic classifiers and five known miRNA-disease association prediction models when using negative samples chose by our method than by previous negative sample selection strategies. Moreover, 469 out of 1123 selected positive miRNA-disease associations by our method are confirmed by existing databases.ConclusionsOur experiments show that KR-NSSM can screen out more reliable negative samples from the unlabelled ones, which greatly improves the performance of supervised machine learning methods in miRNA-disease association predictions. We expect that KR-NSSM would be a useful tool in negative sample selection in biomedical research.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv specifically induces tryptophan metabolism in human macrophages
Authors: Xiao Guohui , Zhang Su , Zhang Like , Liu Shuyan , Li Guobao , Ou Min , Zeng Xuan , Wang Zhaoqin , Zhang Guoliang , Lu Shuihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTuberculosis (TB) caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tb) remains a global health issue. The characterized virulentM. tbH37Rv, avirulentM. tbH37Ra and BCG strains are widely used as reference strains to investigate the mechanism of TB pathogenicity. Here, we attempted to determine metabolomic signatures associated with the Mycobacterial virulence in human macrophages through comparison of metabolite profile in THP-1-derived macrophages following exposure to theM. tbH37Rv,M. tbH37Ra and BCG strains.ResultsOur findings revealed remarkably changed metabolites in infected macrophages compared to uninfected macrophages. H37Rv infection specifically induced 247 differentially changed metabolites compared to H37Ra or BCG infection. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed H37Rv specifically induces tryptophan metabolism. Moreover, quantitative PCR (qPCR) results showed that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) which converts the tryptophan to a series of biologically second metabolites were up-regulated in H37Rv-infected macrophages compared to H37Ra- or BCG-infected macrophages, confirming the result of enhanced tryptophan metabolism induced by H37Rv infection. These findings indicated that targeting tryptophan (Trp) metabolism may be a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary TB.ConclusionsWe identified a number of differentially changed metabolites that specifically induced in H37Rv infected macrophages. These signatures may be associated with the Mycobacterial virulence in human macrophages. The present findings provide a better understanding of the host response associated with the virulence of theMtbstrain.
Time optimization of gadobutrol-enhanced brain MRI for metastases and primary tumors using a dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging
Authors: Seo Jeemin , Lim Changmok , Lee Kye Young , Koh Young-Cho , Moon Won-Jin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent advances in rapid imaging techniques necessitate the reconsideration of the optimal imaging delay time for contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging delay time from the obtained time-signal intensity curve (TIC) using gadobutrol in patients with brain metastases, primary brain tumors, and meningiomas.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled 78 patients with brain metastases (n = 39), primary brain tumors (n = 22), or meningiomas (n = 17) who underwent 7-min dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging with single-dose gadobutrol. Based on the time-to-peak (TTP) derived from the TIC, we selected four different time points for analysis. Lesion conspicuity, enhanced rate (ER) and contrast rate (CR) of 116 index lesions were evaluated. Statistical comparisons were made for the four different time points using the Friedman test.

Results
Maximum TTP (305.20 ± 63.47 s) was similar across all three groups (p = 0.342). Lesion conspicuity, CR and ER increased over time in all index lesions; however, no significant difference between the 5- and 7-min images was observed. The longest diameter in all groups differed significantly among time points (p < 0.001); the perpendicular diameter did not differ between the 5- and 7-min images.

Conclusions
Maximum contrast enhancement and lesion conspicuity was achieved 5–7 min after a single gadobutrol injection for brain metastases detection and for primary brain tumor/meningioma evaluation. Acquiring images 5 min after gadobutrol injection is the optimal timing for brain tumor detection during MRI work-up.