bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A machine learning approach for early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using elemental contents in fingernails
Authors: Chan Yun-Nam , Wang Pengpeng , Chun Ka-Him , Lum Judy Tsz-Shan , Wang Hang , Zhang Yunhui , Leung Kelvin Sze-Yin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to predict the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by the elemental content in fingernails and urine with machine learning analysis. Sixty seven pregnant women (34 control and 33 GDM patient) were included. Fingernails and urine were collected in the first and second trimesters, respectively. The concentrations of elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression model was applied to estimate the adjusted odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The predictive performances of multiple machine learning algorithms were evaluated, and an ensemble model was built to predict the risk for GDM based on the elemental contents in the fingernails. Beryllium, selenium, tin and copper were positively assoicated with the risk of GDM while nickel and mercury showed opposite result. The trained ensemble model showed larger area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (0.81) using fingernail Ni, Cu and Se concentrations. The model was validated by external data set with AUC = 0.71. In summary, the results of the present study highlight the potential of fingernails, as an alternative sample, together with machine learning in human biomonitoring studies.
Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis at Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sambou Mamina , Bah Haddy Tunkara , Sanyang Yusupha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Renal Replacement Therapies (RRTs) like haemodialysis only partially corrects the symptoms experienced by the patient and provokes additional changes in the lifestyles of patients. These changes can affect Quality of life (QOL) of the patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the quality of life of patients undergoing haemodialysis at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH), The GambiaMethod: A cross-sectional study design was used. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life –Short Form (KDQOL-SF) questionnaire was adapted and used to collect data from 44 participants undergoing haemodialysis at the time of data collection. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20 and t-test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to determine the difference of quality of life, among the patients in relation to their demographic variables.Results: The finding showed that the majority of the patients were female 30(68.2%) and the mean age was 43.3 years ranging from 20- 80 years. Hypertension was the major cause of renal failure (n=27; 61.4%) of the patients. The patients have a poor quality of life with a mean score of 34. 8%. Independent t-test shows that the physical composite score (PCS), Mental composite score (MCS), Kidney disease composite score (KDCS) were all higher in males compared to females, with PCS being significant at a p- value of 0.007 and KDCS at a P-value of 0.01. The MCS was significantly higher among the unmarried patients at a p-value of 0.022 as well as for diabetes and hypertension compared to unknown causes of KidneyConclusion: The low PCS, MCS and KDCS among the patients receiving haemodialysis treatment in EFSTH indicate a poor quality of life. Therefore, more efforts need to be done to improve the quality of life for this patients.
M2 macrophage-derived exosomes for DNase 1 delivery to modulate inflammatory microenvironment in ischemic stroke
Authors: Qing Hongrui , Wang Zhenhua , Li Ran , Li Xue , Guo Xing , Zhou Shaobing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are highly associated with inflammatory response and vascular injury after ischemic stroke. As the primary degrader of NETs, DNase 1 is limited by easy deactivation and low efficiency of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we develop a M2 macrophage-derived exosomal (M2exo) system for DNase 1 delivery to achieve enhanced ischemic stroke therapy. The nanoplatform can cross the BBB through transcytosis of exosomes, subsequently clearing NETs by DNase 1 to inhibit inflammatory factors release and prevent vascular injury. Moreover, M2exo induced the polarization of M1 microglia to M2 phenotype, alleviating neuroinflammation via producing anti-inflammatory cytokines. This nanoplatform exhibits significant efficiency of reducing brain infarct area, improving long-term neurologic outcome, and promoting BBB remodeling. The mechanism for the synergistic effect from M2exo and DNase 1 is unveiled at the genetic level through transcriptome analysis. This work provides a paradigm of improving the effectiveness of ischemic stroke therapy.
NAC facilitates energy metabolism transition toward oxidative phosphorylation in hypoxia-inducible goat temporomandibular joint disc cells
Authors: Bao Guangjie , Liu Jingying , Ma Bin , Liu Yang , Ren Hui , Yu Caiyun , Dong Fangrui , Kang Hong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
I. Background: The roles of antioxidants on the energy metabolism of disc cells are not clear. In this study, we clarified the roles of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the energy metabolism of goat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc cells exposed to hypoxia. II. Methods and Results: The Isolated and cultured goat TMJ disc cells were divided into control, NAC group, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) group, and CoCl2 with NAC group, exposed to 21% O2 and 2% O2. The glucose consumption, lactate content, intracellular ATP, ROS, HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2 and PGK1 expressions were detected respectively. Under the hypoxia model, NAC inhibited the mRNA expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2, and PGK1. And it significantly decreased the lactate content in the culture supernatant and the intracellular ROS. However, NAC increased glucose consumption and simultaneously promoted the production of ATP in goat TMJ disc cells under hypoxia. We speculated that NAC would transfer energy metabolism toward oxidative phosphorylation under hypoxia. And NAC would become a potential therapeutic target for TMJ disc engineering and disease study. III. Conclusions: The antioxidant NAC promoted the proliferation of hypoxia-inducible goat TMJ disc cells, and the CoCl2 group (21% O2) was promoted effectively (P < 0.05). NAC promoted glucose consumption in culture supernatants under hypoxia and significantly reduced lactate production (P < 0.01). NAC effectively eliminated intracellular ROS expression in hypoxia-inducible cells (P < 0.001) and promoted intracellular ATP production (P < 0.05). However, NAC inhibited the relative mRNA level of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2, and PGK1 (P < 0.05).
Distinctive alterations in the functional anatomy of the cerebral cortex in pain-sensitized osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia patients
Authors: Pujol Jesus , Blanco-Hinojo Laura , Doreste Andrea , Ojeda Fabiola , Martínez-Vilavella Gerard , Pérez-Sola Víctor , Deus Joan , Monfort Jordi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Pain-sensitized osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia patients characteristically show nociceptive system augmented responsiveness as a common feature. However, sensitization can be originally related to the peripheral injury in osteoarthritis patients, whereas pain and bodily discomfort spontaneously occur in fibromyalgia with no apparent origin. We investigated the distinct functional repercussion of pain sensitization in the cerebral cortex in both conditions.
Methods
Thirty-one pain-sensitized knee osteoarthritis patients and 38 fibromyalgia patients were compared with matched control groups. And new samples of 34 sensitized knee osteoarthritis and 63 fibromyalgia patients were used to directly compare each condition. A combined measure of local functional connectivity was estimated to map functional alterations in the cerebral cortex at rest.
Results
In osteoarthritis, weaker local connectivity was identified in the insula, which is a cortical area processing important aspects of the brain response to painful stimulation. In contrast, fibromyalgia patients showed weaker connectivity in the sensorimotor cortex extensively affecting the cortical representation of the body.
Conclusions
In osteoarthritis, weaker insular cortex connectivity is compatible with reduced neural activity during metabolic recovery after repeated activation. In the fibromyalgia neurophysiological context, weaker connectivity may better express both reduced neural activity and increased excitability, particularly affecting the sensorimotor cortex in patients with spontaneous body pain. Such a combination is compatible with a central gain enhancement mechanism, where low sensory tolerance results from the over-amplification of central sensory reception to compensate a presumably weak sensory input. We propose that deficient proprioception could be a factor contributing to weak sensory input.
Competition between electrons local Coulomb repulsion and impurity potential in a disorder interacting square lattice: Band structure, localization and phase diagram
Authors: beigi Poorya Rabi , Moradian Rostam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Competition between electrons Coulomb repulsion and impurity potential on the effective system band structure and phase diagram of an electrons interacting impurity doped square lattice in the half band filling investigate. For this purpose, we introduce a method for studying this system in the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) + coherent potential approximation (CPA) and multi-site beyond super cell approximation. By using calculated realistic band structures, competition between these parameters in the system phase diagram investigate. Our calculated band structures shows that (δ =4t), u = 0) is a point which Anderson insulator phase observes, by increasing Coulomb repulsion energy gap between splitted energy bands reduces and the gap between these bands completely disappears at uc1=3.11t and uc1=2.7t for the DMFT + CPA and 4 sites beyond super cell approximation respectively. For Coulomb repulsion strength greater than uc1, u > uc1, the two bands merges to a single energy band, hence creating a metallic AF state. The metallic state occurs in a region where the strength of the Coulomb interaction is large enough to overcome the disorder potential effects. This metallic state extended until uc2=13.99t and uc2=8.15t for DMFT + CPA and 4 sites beyond super cell approximation respectively. These metallic state sandwiches between two insulators states, Anderson-Mott insulation u < uc1 and Mott-Anderson insulation u > uc2. Another important result is observing partial flat valance and conduction bands at fermi energy for especial repulsion strengths.
Pandemic stewardship on antimicrobials: A historical control study before and after COVID-19 care in a teaching hospital
Authors: Yoshida Junichi , Shiraishi Kenichiro , Kikuchi Tetsuya , Mataga Akiko , Ueno Takako , Noda Takahiro , Otani Kazuhiro , Tanaka Masao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: To see how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the 3-year use of parenteral antimicrobials, we attempted a historical control study. Main body: Materials were the electronic medical record on the use of a total of 33 antimicrobials. We compared antimicrobial use density (AUD) of pre-pandemic 1 year (PreY), the first pandemic year (Pan1Y), and the second pandemic year (Pan2Y). Our antimicrobial team monitored all in-patients and COVID-19 patients underwent clinical pathways with antivirals. Results: showed that in a total of 20,013 patients (7,534, 6,146, and 6,333 for PreY, Pan1Y, and Pan2Y), sepsis-3 was diagnosed in 152, 132, and 283 patients while Clostridioides difficile toxin tests were positive in 17, 5, and 7 patients, respectively. Among patients with COVID-19 (N=622) at a median age of 58 (range, 1-99), 11 (1.8%) died; parenteral antimicrobials were given in 59 patients (9.5%) preceded by bacteriological tests in 48 (81.4%). Comparing before and during the pandemic, parametric analyses showed that the means of total AUD decreased from 16.767 (PreY) to 15.62 (Pan1Y+Pan2Y) (P=0.034). Likewise, the means of carbapenems’ AUD showed decrease from 0.773 (PreY) to 0.462 (Pan1Y) but increase into 0.777 (Pan2Y) (P=0.001).The non-parametric comparison between COVID-19 and other wards showed that the medians of AUD in the COVID-19 wards were significantly (P<0.05) less in 22 out of 33 antimicrobials (66.7%) and in the total AUD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic stewardship decreased the total AUD and may have contributed to decrease ESBL-producing microbes and C. difficile infection. The burden of sepsis-3 may have fluctuated the carbapenems’ use.
The graft rotation technique is a good option to avoid graft tunnel mismatch during ACL reconstruction with BPTB graft
Authors: Gupta Ravi , kapoor Anil , Singhal Akash , Mali Manharjot , Singh Sandeep 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: The graft tunnel mismatch is a well-known complication of bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. In the present study, graft rotation technique is used to tackle this problem. Aim: The present study was conducted to study the effect of this technique on functional outcomes and graft failure rate.Methods: Ninety-nine patients who underwent ACL reconstruction using BPTB graft were enrolled in the study and depending upon the graft length these patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A-patients had no graft tunnel mismatch(n=67) and group B-patients had graft tunnel mismatch (n=32). In group B patients, the graft was rotated inside the tibial tunnel to manage the graft tunnel mismatch problem. Functional outcomes (Lysholm score and return to sports), knee laxity (KT-1000 difference), and graft rupture rate were compared between two groups. Results: The mean KT-1000 difference in group A was 2.11 mm and in group B was 2.03 mm (n.s.). There was no significant difference in mean Lysholm score (97 vs 97.3; p>0.05). 78% (49/67) of patients in group B and 73% (25/32) of patients in group A returned to the same or above level of pre-injury activity (n.s). The graft failure rate was 6% (4/67) in group A and 3% (1/32) in group B.Conclusions: Rotation of graft inside the tibial tunnel is an effective way to deal with graft tunnel mismatch.
An Efficient Hybrid Block Chain -vibrant Neighborhood Partile Swarm Optimization (B- Vnpso) Algorithm for Enhancing Qos in Cloud Computing Services
Authors: Tamilarasu P. , Singaravel G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As the digital era has progressed, so has the volume of digital data, making secure storage of this vast amount of data an increasingly important concern for data administrators. Cloud computing and the ease of storing and accessing data attracted a large number of IT professionals and administrators to migrate from physical infrastructure to cloud infrastructure. Cloud computing provides a wide range of services, but its primary functionality is the efficient distribution of resources among the many people who need to use the cloud. Effective resource allocation, decreased response time, and increased resource availability are all benefits of optimising cloud computing Quality of Service (QoS), which also helps to keep user data safe in the cloud infrastructure. Even though many studies have sought a high quality of service (QoS), no success has been found in combining efficient resource sharing with privacy protection. This paper uses Block chain technology and the Vibrant Neighborhood Particle Swarm Optimization (VNPSO) algorithm to overcome the aforementioned challenge of achieving better QoS with high levels of data security. While the Block chain has a reduced parameter, it is highly efficient in protecting cloud network storage data, while the Vibrant Neighborhood Particle Swarm Optimization (VNPSO) algorithm is an improvised version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and is efficient in resource allocation without any restrictions or boundaries in the neighbourhood available resources. Experimentation shows that the proposed meta-heuristic hybrid algorithm outperforms conventional algorithms in terms of Quality of Service.
A deep learning framework for 2D-3D image registration and volumetric imaging in the presence of biologically-driven motion
Authors: Hindley Nicholas , Keall Paul , Shieh Chun-Chien 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Biomedical imaging often relies on 2D images to capture information about moving 3D objects. However, without sufficient prior knowledge, the problem of mapping from 2D images to 3D motion is computationally intractable. In this paper we introduce Voxelmap, a deep learning framework that achieves 2D-3D image registration and volumetric imaging in real-time by imposing implicit constraints on biologically-driven motion. Here we demonstrate the use of this framework in image-guided radiotherapy with data from two lung cancer patients. By efficiently estimating biologically-driven 3D motion from 2D images, this framework could also find application in contexts such as fetal imaging and functional neuroimaging.
Calyx Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) as Affected by Variety and Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer
Authors: Wachamo Hailu Lire , Nebiyu Amsalu , Gessese Tesfaye Shimbir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an important beverage and leafy vegetable plant. Its growth and yield attributes are affected by constraints like poor soil fertility and lack of improved varieties. A field trial was conducted to assess the Calyx yield response and nitrogen use efficiency of roselle. The experiment consisted of two roselle varieties (WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica and WG-Hibiscus-Sudan) and six levels of nitrogen fertilizer (Kg ha− 1 (0, 23, 46, 69, 92, 105) laid out in factorial combination arrangement in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on calyx yield, growth variables and nitrogen use efficiency parameters were recorded and analyzed by using SAS version 9.4. Results showed that the variety WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica exhibited higher plant height (196.2cm) and branch number plant− 1 (34.9) from the application of 115kg ha− 1 N; while lower values of these attributes were recorded on an unfertilized plot of both varieties. Variety WG-Hibiscus-Sudan exhibited the highest number of calyx plant− 1 (50.3), fresh calyx yield ha− 1 (5934 kg), and dry calyx yield ha− 1 (1866 kg) from the application of 92 kg ha− 1 N while lower values were recorded from the unfertilized plot of WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica variety. Higher NER (42.5 kg kg− 1) were recorded from WG-Hibiscus-Sudan while lower was recorded from WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica. Higher (12.5kg) and lower (0.7kg) AE were recorded from 92 and 115 kg ha − 1 N application respectively. WG-Hibiscus-Sudan was effective but not reactive, while WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica was not effective but reactive. In conclusion, for maximum commercial produce, calyx yield and profitability, applying 69 kg ha− 1 N on WG-Hibiscus-Sudan and 92 kg ha− 1 on WG-Hibiscus-Jamaica was found best. Nevertheless, further investigation of the response and efficiency of roselle varieties to nitrogen fertilization, including other nutrients at different locations should be undertaken to get ample data for a conclusive recommendation.
Radial-Tangential Mode of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Manifested by Landau Regulation: Reinterpretation of Low- and Intermediate-Frequency Raman Signals
Authors: Lee Jae-Kap , Hembram K. P. S. S. , Kim Jin-Gyu , Lee Sang-Gil , Park Jeongwon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The low-frequency Raman signals of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), appearing in the range of 100-300 cm-1, have been interpreted as radial-breathing mode (RBM) comprising pure radial Eigenvectors. Here, we report that the majority of the low-frequency, as well as the intermediate-frequency signals of SWNTs are radial-tangential modes (RTMs) coexisting radial and tangential Eigenvectors, while only the first peak at the low-frequency side is the RBM. Density functional theory simulation for a SWNT of ~2 nm in diameter shows that dozens of RTMs exhibit following the RBM (~150 cm-1) up to G-mode (~1592 cm-1) in order with Landau regulation. We specify the RBM and the RTM on Raman spectra obtained from SWNTs, where both appear as a prominent peak between 149 cm-1 and 170 cm-1 and as ripple-like peaks between 166 cm-1 and 1440 cm-1, respectively. We report that the RTMs have been regarded as RBM (~300 cm-1) and ambiguously named as intermediate-frequency mode (300-1300 cm-1) without assignment. The RTMs gradually interlink the RBM and the G-mode resulting in the symmetric Raman spectra in intensity. We reveal high-resolution transmission microscope evidence for a helical structure of SWNTs informing the typical diameter of commercial SWNTs to be 1.4-2 nm.
Arterial stiffness indices, pulse wave velocity and central pulse pressure, are able to discriminate between obese and non-obese children
Authors: Bittencourt Juliana Cabral , Scheinbein Giovanna Hermont Abbes , Junior Walmer Cardoso de Oliveira , Bassi Roberta Leão , Moura Luiza Bretas , Correa Ana Luisa Drumond , Bernardes Raquel Gil de Lima , Freitas Leticia Silveira , Lemos Julia Correa , Gonçalves Gleisy Kelly Neves , Rodrigues-Machado Maria da Glória 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to verify, first, if arterial stiffness indices can discriminate between obese and healthy children. Second, to evaluate arterial stiffness index predictors and hemodynamic parameters in obese children. Arterial stiffness indices evaluated were pulse wave velocity (PWV), central systolic blood pressure (SBPc), and central pulse pressure (PPc). Methods and Results: A cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative study design was used. The sample consisted of 78 normal-weight children (8.1±1.96 years) and 58 obese children (9.0±1.87 years). PWV, PPc, and SBPc were significantly higher in the group of obese children than in the control group. The ROC curve analysis showed that maximum PWV and SBPc sensitivity and specificity in differentiating obese from non-obese children occurred at 4.09 m/s and 86.17 mmHg, respectively. PPc did not exhibit a discriminatory capacity between the two groups. Peripheral systolic blood pressure (SBPp), peripheral pulse pressure (PPp), and PPc (R2 = 98%) were predictors of increased PWV. Augmentation pressure, PPp, and reflection coefficient (R2 = 87.3%) were predictors of PPc. Age, augmentation index, total vascular resistance, cardiac index, and mean fat percentage (R2 = 0.801) were predictors of SBPc. Conclusion: This study shows for the first time that PWV > 4.09 m/s and SBP > 86.17 mmHg are cut-off points associated with a higher risk of obesity. These results indicate that the simple, rapid, and noninvasive measurement of arterial stiffness adds prognostic information regarding cardiovascular risk, in addition to increased body mass index.