bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations inMycoplasma genitaliumamong clients of two sexual health centres in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Braam Joyce F , Zondag Helene C A , van Dam Alje P , de Vries Henry J C , Vergunst Clarissa , Hetem David , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F , Bruisten Sylvia M 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations (QRAMs) inMycoplasma genitalium(MG) among clients of two sexual health centres (SHCs) in the Netherlands.DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsBetween 2018 and 2019, 669 clients with MG were included from two previous studies: 375 male clients with urethritis from the SHC in Amsterdam; and 294 clients (male and female) from the SHC in Amsterdam and The Hague. Urogenital and anal samples (705 in total) that tested positive for MG by nucleic acid amplification tests were selected.Outcome measuresThe presence of QRAM was detected by an MG-QRAM PCR targeting four mutations in theparCgene and investigated by sequence analysis of relevant regions of thegyrAandparCgenes. Possible risk factors for the presence of QRAM were investigated.ResultsWe found QRAM in 58 of 669 (9%) clients with an MG infection: 36 of 375 (10%) in the study population of men with urethritis and 22 of 294 (7%) in the study population of other clients (including both men and women; p=0.334). Most prevalent mutations in theparCgene were S83I and D87N, occurring in 31 of 60 (52%) and 20 of 60 (33%) samples, respectively. Factors associated with the presence of QRAM were: men who have sex with men (adjusted OR (aOR) 3.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 6.9) and Asian origin (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.6). Multidrug resistance (QRAM plus macrolide resistance-associated mutations) was found in 46 of 669 (7%) clients.ConclusionsNine per cent of MG-positive clients from two Dutch SHCs had QRAM. New treatment strategies and antibiotics are needed to treat symptomatic patients with multidrug-resistant MG.
Endovascular recanalization in patients with severely disabling non-acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xiaoya , Li Ye , Lu Ziwei , Jian Yating , Han Nannan , Zhao Lili , Dang Meijuan , Wu Yulun , Li Tao , Feng Yuxuan , Yang Yang , Huang Wei , Zhang Lei , Wang Huqing , Zhang Ru , Chang Mingze , Zhang Guilian 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIt is unclear whether patients with severely disabling ischemic stroke (SDIS—that is, modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores of 3–5) benefit from non-acute endovascular recanalization (ER).ObjectiveTo determine the effect of non-acute ER or medical treatment in severely disabled patients with non-acute ischemic stroke (mRS scores of 3–5).MethodsBetween January 2018 and August 2021, non-acute patients with SDIS and large vessel occlusion were collected from two regional stroke centers. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned to two groups based on whether they underwent ER (ER group) or not (medical group). The primary functional outcome was the mRS score at 90 days. The primary safety outcomes were the recurrence of stroke and mortality.ResultsOf the 325 patients with hypoperfusion cerebral infarction caused by large vessel occlusion, 63 met the inclusion criteria (32 patients in the ER group, 31 patients in the medical group). A favorable outcome (mRS score ≤2) occurred more often in the ER group than in the medical group (59.4% vs 22.6%, respectively; OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01). There were no significant differences in new-onset ischemic stroke (6.3% vs 3.2%, respectively; P=1.000), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (12.5% vs 0%, respectively; P=0.113), or mortality within 90 days (6.3% vs 6.5%, respectively; P=1.000) between the two groups. Preoperative mRS scores (OR=7.34, 95% CI 1.56 to 34.5; P=0.02) and ER (OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01) were significantly associated with outcome.ConclusionOur data suggest that patients with SDIS (mRS score 3–5) with smaller infarct cores and better collateral circulation can benefit from non-acute ER, with no additional perioperative complications or mortality.
Th2 high and mast cell gene signatures are associated with corticosteroid sensitivity in COPD
Authors: Faiz Alen , Pavlidis Stelios , Kuo Chih-Hsi , Rowe Anthony , Hiemstra Pieter S , Timens Wim , Berg Marijn , Wisman Marissa , Guo Yi-Ke , Djukanović Ratko , Sterk Peter , Meyer Kerstin B , Nawijn Martijn C , Adcock Ian , Chung Kian Fan , van den Berge Maarten 
Published: December 2022

RationaleSevere asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common pathophysiological traits such as relative corticosteroid insensitivity. We recently published three transcriptome-associated clusters (TACs) using hierarchical analysis of the sputum transcriptome in asthmatics from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort comprising one Th2-high inflammatory signature (TAC1) and two Th2-low signatures (TAC2 and TAC3).ObjectiveWe examined whether gene expression signatures obtained in asthma can be used to identify the subgroup of patients with COPD with steroid sensitivity.MethodsUsing gene set variation analysis, we examined the distribution and enrichment scores (ES) of the 3 TACs in the transcriptome of bronchial biopsies from 46 patients who participated in the Groningen Leiden Universities Corticosteroids in Obstructive Lung Disease COPD study that received 30 months of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with and without an added long-acting β-agonist (LABA). The identified signatures were then associated with longitudinal clinical variables after treatment. Differential gene expression and cellular convolution were used to define key regulated genes and cell types.Measurements and main resultsBronchial biopsies in patients with COPD at baseline showed a wide range of expression of the 3 TAC signatures. After ICS±LABA treatment, the ES of TAC1 was significantly reduced at 30 months, but those of TAC2 and TAC3 were unaffected. A corticosteroid-sensitive TAC1 signature was developed from the TAC1 ICS-responsive genes. This signature consisted of mast cell-specific genes identified by single-cell RNA-sequencing and positively correlated with bronchial biopsy mast cell numbers following ICS±LABA. Baseline levels of gene transcription correlated with the change in RV/TLC %predicted following 30-month ICS±LABA.ConclusionSputum-derived transcriptomic signatures from an asthma cohort can be recapitulated in bronchial biopsies of patients with COPD and identified a signature of airway mast cells as a predictor of corticosteroid responsiveness.
Microdrones in field-based structural geology: a photogrammetry and fracture quantification case study from the North Mountain Basalt, Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Peace Alexander L. , Jess Scott 
Published: December 2022

Drone use in geoscience research and teaching is becoming widespread, with diverse applications documented. Many studies favour consumer-level drones, however, recent developments in so-called “microdrones” (takeoff weight < 250 g) necessitate further investigation to determine possible benefits, limitations, and future developments. Microdrone deployment is often advantageous in numerous jurisdictions due to fewer regulations, lower cost, and simple transportation. In this study, we deployed a DJI Mini 2 microdrone to study the ca. 201 Ma North Mountain Basalt (NMB) exposed in coastal outcrops along the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, Canada. We report benefits of the microdrone as a field aid with three related approaches: (1) general site location and characterisation, (2) drone-based photogrammetry using ArcGIS Drone2Map, and (3) quantitative fracture mapping using FracPaQ. Application of these methods showed that microdrone-acquired imagery from the NMB exposures provides a valuable resource for interpretation post-fieldwork. The microdrone-derived data show two near-perpendicular fracture sets in the NMB: ∼NNE–SSW and ∼ESE–WNW, with some variation along the coastline. Overall, we determined that microdrones offer field-based geoscientists a valuable tool due to quick deployment, a simple image capture process and relatively straightforward data processing, and thus predict that this approach to enhancing fieldwork will continue to advance.
Doubly-polarized WZ hadronic production at NLO QCD+EW: calculation method and further results
Authors: Le Duc Ninh , Baglio Julien , Dao Thi Nhung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe doubly-polarized production of $$W^\pm Z$$

W
±

Z

pairs at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is presented at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy both for the electroweak (EW) and QCD corrections, including a detailed description of the calculational method using the double-pole approximation. Numerical results at the 13 TeV LHC are presented in particular for the $$W^- Z$$

W
-

Z

case in the $$e^-\bar{\nu }_e \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

e
-

ν

¯

e

μ
+

μ
-

channel using ATLAS fiducial cuts and for polarized distributions defined in the WZ center-of-mass system. The NLO EW corrections relative to the NLO QCD predictions are found to be smaller than 5% in most kinematic distributions, but can reach the level of 10% in some distributions such as lepton transverse momentum distributions or rapidity separation between the electron and the Z boson. EW corrections are not uniform for different polarizations. A comparison between the new ATLAS measurement of polarization fractions to our theoretical prediction is presented.
A Novel Multispectral Vessel Recognition Based on RGB-to-Thermal Image Translation
Authors: El Mahdi Bouchenafa Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

In the last decade, advances in deep learning have led to considerable progress in the field of ship classification in Red Green Blue (RGB) and Infra-Red (IR) images. However, ship classification performs poorly on images acquired in weak visible light intensity. Multispectral imaging constitutes a potential solution to address such difficulty. In this paper, we first propose Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for ship classification in multi-spectral images (RGB, IR, etc.). The proposed architectures were trained from scratch and fine-tuned to another pre-trained network. Validation was carried out on the publically available RGB-IR pairs ship dataset VAIS. Unfortunately, owing to the small size of the dataset, the obtained classification result was 59,09%, hence not satisfactory for most applications. We, therefore, proposed a new image data augmentation approach for the generation of IR ship images from RGB images. The generation process was carried out through an adaptation of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) network and a Pix2Pix model. In fact, VAIS dataset was kept aside for validation purposes and KAIST RGB-IR pairs dataset was used for the training of our translator. The augmented IR dataset yielded more than a 9% increase in the performance of VAIS IR-based ship classification.
A Systematic 10-Year Review of the Use of Arthroscopy in the Assessment and Treatment of Intercarpal Ligament Injuries Associated with Acute Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: BEGUM Rumina , HOURSTON George J. M. , BOCHMANN Thomas , CHOJNOWSKI Adrian J. 
Published: December 2022

Background: To review the impact that arthroscopy has made on the assessment and treatment of intercarpal (scapholunate [SL] or lunotriquetral [LT]) ligament injuries associated with acute distal radius fractures (DRF). Methods: A systematic review of EMBASE, MEDLINE and COCHRANE databases for articles published between 2011 and 2021 was performed (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021273293) which included studies reported assessment and outcomes of intercarpal ligament injuries associated with acute DRF. Methodological quality was evaluated. The rate of concomitant injury detection, role of arthroscopy and different clinical outcome assessment measurements used were compared between studies. Results: A total of 20 articles were included with data from 1,346 patients (1,358 wrists). A total of 1,024 intra-articular fractures were included and 294 extra-articular fractures (40 not specified). There was a heterogeneous mix of studies; 10 comparative and 10 non-comparative. Some studies investigated initial assessment findings only, while others assessed radiological outcomes, functional outcomes or both domains over 0.3–99 months. The overall rate of SL ligament injury associated with DRF was 35.3%, while LT ligament injury overall was 18.2%. More frequent were concomitant triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries (44.8%), although this review did not aim to review these. The role of arthroscopy was reviewed, which included assistance in anatomic reduction of the articular surface and systematic inspection of the surrounding soft tissues. Included studies investigated either assessment or assessment and management of intercarpal ligament injury. Meaningful meta-analysis in this heterogeneous group of studies was not possible. Outcomes of comparative studies were described in detail. Conclusions: This review suggests that arthroscopy may have a role in improving reduction of intra-articular DRF and diagnosing and managing soft tissue injuries associated with such fractures. Randomised studies are needed to evaluate whether the detection of intercarpal ligament injury in acute distal radial fractures through arthroscopic assessment alters current management and improves clinical outcome. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report
Authors: TULLIE Sebastian , MICHELL Andrew , REID Alex W. N. 
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose significant health challenges, with insights into long-term disease sequelae emerging. The post-viral effects resulting from COVID-19 are being investigated and ‘long COVID-19’ is now a recognised phenomenon. As part of the spectrum of comorbidities, acute-onset neuropathy is associated with infection. The public health response aimed at limiting morbidity and mortality is rooted in vaccination programmes. With the extensive roll-out of novel vaccinations, there has been careful monitoring of temporally associated health problems. Some of the documented associations include neuropathy and entrapment neuropathies. This case report details a patient presenting with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) post their second dose of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccination. Though we do not claim causality, the emerging post-vaccination immune-mediated effects may ultimately be proven to include neuropathy exacerbation. Meticulous recording of such associations is required as it is of great relevance to the hand surgeon managing CTS. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Prospective Cohort of Pre- and Post-Diagnosis Diet with Survival Outcomes: an Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study
Authors: Kokts-Porietis Renée L. , Morielli Andria R. , McNeil Jessica , Courneya Kerry S. , Cook Linda S. , Friedenreich Christine M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:The prognostic relationship between diet and endometrial cancer survival remains largely unknown. We sought to determine pre- and post-diagnosis dietary composition, glycemic load (GL), inflammatory potential (dietary inflammatory index) and quality [Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) 2005] associations with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among endometrial cancer survivors. In addition, we assessed associations between dietary changes with OS and explored obesity/physical activity effect modification.Methods:Survivors, diagnosed in Alberta, Canada between 2002 and 2006, completed past-year, food-frequency questionnaires at-diagnosis (n = 503) and 3-year follow-up (n = 395). Participants were followed to death or January 2022. Cox proportional regression estimated HR [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for dietary survival associations.Results:During 16.9 median years of follow-up, 138 participants had a DFS event and 120 died. Lower pre-diagnosis GL (HRT1vsT3, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25–0.97) and greater post-diagnosis energy intakes (EI) from total- and monounsaturated-fat (HRT3vsT1, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26–0.87) were associated with better OS. Higher pre-diagnosis C-HEI, less inflammatory diets and lower added sugar intakes were nonlinearly associated with better DFS. Consistently low pre- to post-diagnosis EI from carbohydrates and total-fats were associated with better (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18–0.72) and worse (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.21–4.20) OS, respectively. Decreased pre- to post-diagnosis C-HEI was associated with worse OS. In stratified analysis, healthy diets were most beneficial for survivors with obesity and physical inactivity.Conclusions:Adherence to higher quality dietary patterns were associated with better survival.Impact:Our study provides novel evidence that both pre- and post-diagnosis diet are important prognostic factors for endometrial cancer survivors. Post-diagnosis survival associations with diet composition and quality highlight the potential for future interventions.
Phase I Trial of a Therapeutic DNA Vaccine for Preventing Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection
Authors: Jacobson Jeffrey M. , Zahrieh David , Strand Carrie A. , Cruz-Correa Marcia , Pungpapong Surakit , Roberts Lewis R. , Mandrekar Sumithra J. , Rodriguez Luz Maria , Boyer Jean , Marrero Idania , Kraynyak Kimberly A. , Morrow Matthew P. , Sylvester Albert J. , Pawlicki Jan M. , Gillespie Elisabeth , Barranco Eduardo , Richmond Ellen , Umar Asad , Weiner David B. , Limburg Paul J. ,   for the Cancer Prevention Network
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic hepatitis C can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We studied the safety and immunogenicity of a novel therapeutic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1a/1b consensus DNA vaccine, INO-8000, encoding HCV NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5A proteins alone or co-administered with DNA-encoding IL12 (INO-9012), a human cytokine that stimulates cellular immune function, in individuals with chronic hepatitis C. This was a phase I, multisite dose-escalation trial with an expansion cohort evaluating doses of 0, 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg of INO-9012 (IL12 DNA) as an addition to 6.0 mg of (INO-8000; HCV DNA vaccine). Vaccines were administered by intramuscular injection followed by electroporation at study entry and at weeks 4, 12, and 24. HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immune responses were measured by IFNγ ELISpot and flow cytometry–based assays. Transient, mild-to-moderate injection site reactions unrelated to IL12 DNA dose were common. Increases in HCV-specific IFNγ production occurred in 15/20 (75%) participants. Increases in the frequency of HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells occurred at all dose levels, with the greatest increases seen at 1.0 mg of INO-9012. HCV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell activities increased in 16/18 (89%) and 14/17 (82%) participants with available data, respectively. The vaccine regimen was safe and induced HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cellular immune responses of modest magnitude in most HCV-infected participants. The addition of 1.0 mg of IL12 DNA provided the best enhancement of immune responses. The vaccine regimen had little effect on controlling HCV viremia.Prevention Relevance:The administration of IL12 DNA along with a hepatitis C viral antigen DNA vaccine enhanced the HCV-specific immune responses induced by the vaccine in individuals with chronic hepatitis C, an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. IL12 could be an effective adjuvant in vaccines targeting HCV and other oncogenic viruses.
Implementation of an Electronic Health Records–Based Safe Contrast Limit for Preventing Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Yuan Neal , Zhang Justin , Khaki Rakan , Leong Derek , Bhoopalam Chandrashekhar , Tabak Steven W. , Elad Yaron , Pevnick Joshua M. , Cheng Susan , Ebinger Joseph E. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with increased mortality. We assessed the effectiveness of an electronic health records safe contrast limit tool in predicting CA-AKI risk and reducing contrast use and CA-AKI.

Methods:
We created an alert displaying the safe contrast limit to cardiac catheterization laboratory staff prior to percutaneous coronary intervention. The alert used risk factors automatically extracted from the electronic health records. We included procedures from June 1, 2020 to October 1, 2021; the intervention went live February 10, 2021. Using difference-in-differences analysis, we evaluated changes in contrast volume and CA-AKI rates after contrast limit tool implementation compared to control hospitals. Cardiologists were surveyed prior to and 9 months after alert implementation on beliefs, practice patterns, and safe contrast estimates for example patients.

Results:
At the one intervention site, there were 508 percutaneous coronary interventions before and 531 after tool deployment. At 15 control sites, there were 3550 and 3979 percutaneous coronary interventions, respectively. The contrast limit predicted CA-AKI with an accuracy of 64.1%, negative predictive value of 93.3%, and positive predictive value of 18.7%. After implementation, in high/modifiable risk patients (defined as having a calculated contrast limit <500ml) there was a small but significant −4.60 mL/month (95% CI, −8.24 to −1.00) change in average contrast use but no change in CA-AKI rates (odds ratio, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.84–1.10]). Low-risk patients had no change in contrast use (−0.50 mL/month [95% CI, –7.49 to 6.49]) or CA-AKI (odds ratio, 1.24 [95% CI, 0.79–1.93]). In assessing CA-AKI risk, clinicians heavily weighted age and diabetes but often did not consider anemia, cardiogenic shock, and heart failure.

Conclusions:
Clinicians often used a simplified assessment of CA-AKI risk that did not include important risk factors, leading to risk estimations inconsistent with established models. Despite clinician skepticism, an electronic health records–based contrast limit tool more accurately predicted CA-AKI risk and was associated with a small decrease in contrast use during percutaneous coronary intervention but no change in CA-AKI rates.
Can electrical wires serve as canopy bridges? A case study of the dusky langur (Trachypithecus obscurus) in Thailand
Authors: Aggimarangsee Nantiya , Tiansawat Pimonrat , Brockelman Warren Y. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In many parts of the world, primates and other arboreal and semi-arboreal species use electrical and telecommunication cables to cross open gaps. However, electrocutions can occur when the cables are uninsulated or damaged. Between 2001 and 2002, during a 12-month behavioural study of two dusky langur groups (Trachypithecus obscurus) at the Royal Thai Air Force Base in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, peninsular Thailand, we recorded langur use of and mortality on electrical and telecommunications cables on an ad libitum basis. Before insulation of the cables in late 2001, five langurs died by electrocution; post insulation, that number decreased to only one case on March 5, 2002. In 2022, we returned to observe the langur groups and saw them continuing to use the cables for crossing and noted damage to the insulation, indicating the importance of maintenance. Electrical cables can provide canopy connectivity for langurs and prevent dangerous encounters with dogs on the ground, but cables must be insulated and inspected regularly. As additional mitigation measures, we suggest providing alternative substrates for travel such as planting more native trees and providing artificial canopy bridges.