bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse Trajectories of Hikikomori Symptoms During Job Search and the Role of Identity Distress: Three Wave Longitudinal Research
Authors: Hihara Shogo , Kambara Kohei , Umemura Tomotaka , Handa Kyonosuke , Sugimura Kazumi 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveHikikomori, a prolonged form of social withdrawal, has received attention in various research areas. This longitudinal study aimed to identify diverse trajectories of hikikomori symptoms among young Japanese adults engaged in a job search. It also tested whether identity distress, a critical developmental issue, predicts these trajectories while controlling for other risk factors (depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, career expectations, and gender).MethodsA total of 756 third-year Japanese university students (at Time 1, Mage = 20.88 years; women: 78.97%) who engaged in job search participated in our three-wave longitudinal survey at six-month intervals. To assess hikikomori symptoms, we used the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire. In addition, identity distress was measured using the 10-item Identity Distress Survey.ResultsLatent class growth analysis revealed four different trajectories of hikikomori symptoms. Most young adults showed severe levels and escalating hikikomori symptoms over time. In contrast, a small proportion of young adults prevented hikikomori symptoms through the period of job search. Additionally, young adults with more severe levels of identity distress followed trajectories marked by severe hikikomori symptoms after controlling for other risk factors.ConclusionThe present study's findings contribute to developing a primary intervention for hikikomori symptoms by identifying the period of greatest risk. Group-based counseling support for hikikomori from the perspective of identity is recommended.
Risks and Resources for Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic – Results of the Longitudinal COPSY Study
Authors: Güzelsoy Neslihan , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike , Westenhöfer Joachim , Devine Janine , Erhart Michael , Hölling Heike , Kaman Anne 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is of particularly high relevance. Especially for children and adolescents, the pandemic and its restrictions represent a significant burden. The present study aims to identify risks and resources for depressive symptoms and anxiety in children and adolescents during the pandemic in Germany.Materials and MethodsSelf-reported data from the first wave of the longitudinal COVID-19 and Psychological Health (COPSY) study were used to investigate risks and resources among n = 811 children and adolescents aged 11–17 years. Depressive symptoms and anxiety were measured at the first follow-up 6 months later. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the effects of risks and resources on depressive symptoms and anxiety.ResultsParental depressive symptoms predicted depressive symptoms and anxiety in children and adolescents 6 months later. Female gender was identified as a risk factor for anxiety during the pandemic. None of the potential resources were associated with depressive symptoms or anxiety at the follow-up.ConclusionThe findings provide evidence of risk factors for depressive symptoms and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and adolescents who face risk factors need to be identified early and monitored during the pandemic. Family-based intervention programs are needed to help vulnerable children and adolescents cope with the challenges of the pandemic.
Online Sex Addiction: A Qualitative Analysis of Symptoms in Treatment-Seeking Men
Authors: Blinka Lukas , Ševčíková Anna , Dreier Michael , Škařupová Katerina , Wölfling Klaus 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundProblematic sexual internet use has been attracting increasing research attention in recent years. However, there is a paucity of qualitative studies about how this problem manifests on a daily basis in the clinical population and whether the phenomenon should fall within the hypersexual, compulsive-impulsive, or addictive spectrums of disorders.MethodsTwenty-three semi-structured interviews, including AICA-C clinical interviews, were conducted with men who were in treatment for problematic internet sex use (aged 22–53; Mage = 35.82). The interview structure focused on the patterns of sexual behavior in question, their development, the manifestation of symptoms, and other associated psychosocial problems. A thematic analysis was applied as the main analytical strategy.ResultsTypical problematic patterns included pornography use and cybersex, together with continuous masturbation for several hours several times a week. This pattern emerged relatively early in young adulthood and became persistent for years. The majority of participants fulfilled the criteria for behavioral addiction (as defined, e.g., by the components model of addiction), with loss of control and preoccupation being the most pronounced and withdrawal symptoms being the least. Together with the onset of erectile dysfunction, negative consequences were reported as being slowly built up over years and typically in the form of deep life dissatisfaction, regret, and feelings of unfulfilled potential.Discussion and ConclusionThe Addiction model is relevant for describing the difficulties in treatment-seeking men who suffer from problematic sexual internet use. However, the manifestations of the additional criteria are nuanced. In the case of negative consequences, their onset might be very slow and not easily reflected. While there was evidence of several forms of tolerance, potential withdrawal symptoms in online sex addiction need further attention to be verified.
Effects of Social Participation by Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents on the Utilization of Medical Services: Evidence From China
Authors: Liu Tai-Yi , Qiu De-Chao , Chen Ting 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesAim to evaluate the effect of social participation on utilization of medical services among middle-aged and elderly residents in China.MethodsWe used data from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Social participation is classified into three types. Furthermore, to control for confounding factors, our study computed propensity score matching (PSM) to evaluate the effect of social participation on the utilization of medical services.ResultThe result of PSM indicates that social participation significantly positively affects the utilization of outpatient services, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT = 0.038***) and the utilization of inpatient services (ATT = 0.015**) by middle-aged and elderly residents. Furthermore, the utilization of outpatient health care services was significantly positively associated with leisure activities (ATT = 0.035***), social activities to help others (ATT = 0.031***), and learning activities to gain new knowledge (ATT = 0.034***) among middle-aged and elderly residents. The utilization of inpatient health care was significantly positively associated with leisure activities (ATT = 0.015***) but had no significant association with social deeds that help others and increased new knowledge among middle-aged and elderly residents.ConclusionThus, social participation significantly positively affects healthcare utilization by middle-aged and elderly residents. Hence, the government and society should provide more conveniences and promote social participation among middle-aged and elderly residents.
Queueing Theory and COVID-19 Prevention: Model Proposal to Maximize Safety and Performance of Vaccination Sites
Authors: Di Pumpo Marcello , Ianni Andrea , Miccoli Ginevra Azzurra , Di Mattia Andrea , Gualandi Raffaella , Pascucci Domenico , Ricciardi Walter , Damiani Gianfranco , Sommella Lorenzo , Laurenti Patrizia 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) has rapidly spread all around the world. Vaccination represents one of the most promising counter-pandemic measures. There is still little specific evidence in literature on how to safely and effectively program access and flow through specific healthcare settings to avoid overcrowding in order to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Literature regarding appointment scheduling in healthcare is vast. Unpunctuality however, especially when targeting healthcare workers during working hours, is always possible. Therefore, when determining how many subjects to book, using a linear method assuming perfect adhesion to scheduled time could lead to organizational problems.MethodsThis study proposes a “Queuing theory” based approach. A COVID-19 vaccination site targeting healthcare workers based in a teaching hospital in Rome was studied to determine real-life arrival rate variability. Three simulations using Queueing theory were performed.ResultsQueueing theory application reduced subjects queueing over maximum safety requirements by 112 in a real-life based vaccination setting, by 483 in a double-sized setting and by 750 in a mass vaccination model compared with a linear approach. In the 3 settings, respectively, the percentage of station's time utilization was 98.6, 99.4 and 99.8%, while the average waiting time was 27.2, 33.84, and 33.84 min.ConclusionsQueueing theory has already been applied in healthcare. This study, in line with recent literature developments, proposes the adoption of a Queueing theory base approach to vaccination sites modeling, during the COVID-19 pandemic, as this tool enables to quantify ahead of time the outcome of organizational choices on both safety and performance of vaccination sites.
Improve Cardiac Emergency Preparedness by Building a Team-Based Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Educational Plan
Authors: Xu Jianing , Dong Xuejie , Yin Hongfan , Guan Zhouyu , Li Zhenghao , Qu Fangge , Chen Tian , Wang Caifeng , Fang Qiong , Zhang Lin 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo design an innovative team-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) educational plan for multiple bystanders and evaluate whether it was associated with better teamwork and higher quality of resuscitation.MethodsThe team-based CPR plan defined the process for a three-person team, emphasize task allocation, leadership, and closed-loop communication. Participants qualified for single-rescuer CPR skills were randomized into teams of 3. The teamwork performance and CPR operation skills were evaluated in one simulated cardiac arrest scenario before and after training on the team-based CPR plan. The primary outcomes were measured by the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) scale and chest compression fraction (CCF).ResultsForty-three teams were included in the analysis. The team-based CPR plan significantly improved the team performance (global rating 6.7 ± 1.3 vs. 9.0 ± 0.7, corrected p &lt; 0.001 after Bonferroni's correction). After implementing the team-based CPR plan, CCF increased [median 59 (IQR 48–69) vs. 64 (IQR 57–71%)%, corrected p = 0.002], while hands-off time decreased [median 233.2 (IQR 181.0–264.0) vs. 207 (IQR 174–222.9) s, corrected p = 0.02]. We found the average compression depth was significantly improved through the team-based CPR training [median 5.1 (IQR 4.7–5.6) vs. 5.3 (IQR 4.9–5.5) cm, p = 0.03] but no more significantly after applying the Bonferroni's correction (corrected p = 0.35). The compression depths were significantly improved by collaborating and exchanging the role of compression among the participants after the 6th min.ConclusionThe team-based CPR plan is feasible for improving bystanders teamwork performance and effective for improving resuscitation quality in prearrival care. We suggest a wide application of the team-based CPR plan in the educational program for better resuscitation performance in real rescue events.
AutoRadiomics: A Framework for Reproducible Radiomics Research
Authors: Woznicki Piotr , Laqua Fabian , Bley Thorsten , Baeßler Bettina 
Published: July 2022

PurposeMachine learning based on radiomics features has seen huge success in a variety of clinical applications. However, the need for standardization and reproducibility has been increasingly recognized as a necessary step for future clinical translation. We developed a novel, intuitive open-source framework to facilitate all data analysis steps of a radiomics workflow in an easy and reproducible manner and evaluated it by reproducing classification results in eight available open-source datasets from different clinical entities.MethodsThe framework performs image preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, modeling, and model evaluation, and can automatically choose the optimal parameters for a given task. All analysis steps can be reproduced with a web application, which offers an interactive user interface and does not require programming skills. We evaluated our method in seven different clinical applications using eight public datasets: six datasets from the recently published WORC database, and two prostate MRI datasets—Prostate MRI and Ultrasound With Pathology and Coordinates of Tracked Biopsy (Prostate-UCLA) and PROSTATEx.ResultsIn the analyzed datasets, AutoRadiomics successfully created and optimized models using radiomics features. For WORC datasets, we achieved AUCs ranging from 0.56 for lung melanoma metastases detection to 0.93 for liposarcoma detection and thereby managed to replicate the previously reported results. No significant overfitting between training and test sets was observed. For the prostate cancer detection task, results were better in the PROSTATEx dataset (AUC = 0.73 for prostate and 0.72 for lesion mask) than in the Prostate-UCLA dataset (AUC 0.61 for prostate and 0.65 for lesion mask), with external validation results varying from AUC = 0.51 to AUC = 0.77.ConclusionAutoRadiomics is a robust tool for radiomic studies, which can be used as a comprehensive solution, one of the analysis steps, or an exploratory tool. Its wide applicability was confirmed by the results obtained in the diverse analyzed datasets. The framework, as well as code for this analysis, are publicly available under https://github.com/pwoznicki/AutoRadiomics.
On Current Challenges to Russian Statistics
Authors: Davletshina L. A. , Karmanov M. V. 
Published: July 2022

The article covers fundamental challenges to statistics that affect activities related to the collection, processing, analysis and interpretation of information about socio-economic phenomena and processes. The paper focuses on the staffing situation in scientific, educational and management spheres in modern Russia. According to the authors, there is currently a shortage of personnel with basic education in statistics. This is caused, on one hand, by the fact that the number of educational institutions that train these specialists, and in fact have relevant departments, is decreasing, on the other hand – by the process of aging and irreplaceable natural loss of scientists, teachers and statisticians. Decline in professional competence is closely linked to the low and declining statistical literacy of the population, which also leads to disorientation while solving household tasks.No less urgent challenge to contemporary statistics is the distrust of the population in statistical data, the accusation of deliberately concealing the truth and sugarcoating the reality. This reaction can result from the population’s lack of motivation to study and understand the actual processes taking place – given the availability of a wide range of statistical data and methodological explanations. This resulted, in the authors’ opinion, in a new challenge which has spread amidst almost unlimited access to the Internet for various population strata and the free formation of content in their social networks and pages. External and internal political manipulation is often carried out through the dissemination of fake information, which is also a serious challenge to the institute of state statistics.The article concludes that an impartial consideration of the challenges that domestic statistics is facings, development of directions for addressing the issues encountered and promotion of genuine achievements (with media coverage) allow to tackle the adverse impact on the public of misinformation and false information about socio-economic phenomena in the country as a whole and its regions.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У СФЕРІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Havrychenko Dmytro 
Published: July 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню теоретичних підходів та теорій щодо формування та розвитку механізмів публічного управління у сфері охорони здоров’я. Метою статті є аналіз теоретичних підходів щодо розвитку механізмів публічного управління у сфері охорони здоров’я для подальшого їх удосконалення в умовах реформування та трансформацій галузі. Обґрунтовано необхідність постійного оновлення складових механізмів публічного управління за умов сучасних трансформацій системи охорони здоров’я. Зроблено аналіз вітчизняних теоретичних наробок щодо визначення механізмів публічного управління у сфері охорони здоров’я та основних напрямів їх розвитку, що стало інформаційною базою для подальшої їх систематизації. На основі аналізу досліджень провідних науковців у галузі публічного управління охороною здоров’я України визначено основні механізми публічного управління у сфері охорони здоров’я в умовах реформування та трансформацій: інституційний, економічний, організаційний, правовий, фінансовий, інформаційний, кадровий, механізм державно-приватного партнерства. Основними результатами роботи стали висновки щодо визначення базових механізмів реалізації публічної політики у зазначеній галузі (інституційний, організаційний, економічний, кадровий, фінансовий, інформаційний, правовий, публічно-приватного партнерства). У висновках зазначено про необхідність удосконалення визначених механізмів публічного управління у сфері охорони здоров’я зважаючи на глобальні виклики (у формуванні стратегічних завдань), євроінтеграційні домовленості та пандемічні загострення в останні роки. Доведено, що формування нових стратегічних напрямів та завдань у сфері охорони здоров’я на глобальному та національному рівні, надасть змогу покращити вже працюючі механізми публічного управління у цій сфері. Співпраця з міжнародною та європейською спільнотою підвищить рівень взаємозв’язків та якості реалізації всіх державних заходів на різних рівнях у сфері охорони здоров’я. Запропоновані заходи дозволять забезпечити українське суспільство ефективною та доступною системою охорони здоров'я, що відповідає потребам населення України та міжнародним стандартам якості, та реалізацію реформи галузі.
ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ВОЛОНТЕРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЯК СКЛАДОВОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Say Dmytro , Malynovska Natalia 
Published: July 2022

Соціальна безпека держави, а саме соціальна безпека людей, є ключовим фактором її стабільності та подальшого розвитку. Проте обмежені ресурси, наявні державні структури та організації не завжди можуть повністю забезпечити та підтримати бажаний рівень соціальної безпеки у державі. Саме тому пошук та використання нових підходів до забезпечення соціальної безпеки, є важливим завданням державної політики. Волонтерство може бути важливою складовою соціальної безпеки держави в умовах сьогоденних викликів, а молодь – найактивнішою категорією у процесі волонтерської діяльності.
Волонтерська діяльність може бути реалізована фізично або в онлайн середовищі, в залежності від потреб ситуації та можливості самих волонтерів. Важливою є роль волонтерів під час ліквідації наслідків стихійних лих, надзвичайних ситуацій тощо.
Проте для отримання позитивних результатів, держава повинна створювати належні умови для розвитку та пропагування волонтерської діяльності. Волонтери можуть допомогти забезпечувати соціальну безпеку України за умови створення загального «клімату участі» у країні та сприянню діяльності волонтерських та благодійних організацій, а саме: мотивувати та заохочувати молодь бути соціально активною та брати участь у волонтерській діяльності; формувати ставлення до волонтерів та такої діяльності зі сторони організаторів та держави не як до безоплатної праці та безплатних робітників, а як до важливого ресурсу, який потрібно берегти, розвивати та підтримувати доступними наявними способами; розвивати та підтримувати різні форми волонтерства як оффлайн так і онлайн; готувати та залучати дітей та молодь до волонтерської діяльності з раннього віку; надавати можливості для волонтерства у різні вікові періоди та протягом всього життя.
Подальшого дослідження та ґрунтовного аналізу потребує питання можливостей залучення до волонтерської інших категорій осіб окрім дітей та молоді, а також використання всіх можливостей онлайн-волонтерства, а також його популяризації для забезпечення соціальної безпеки держави.
A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO DETERMINING PRIORITIES IN THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: АНТОНОВИЧ П.И. , ПУЗАНОВ А.М. , ПЕРЕВЕРЗЕВ И.Э. 
Published: July 2022

В статье уточнен ряд терминов понятийного аппарата, применяемого в рассматриваемой предметной области,проведена оценка современных подходов к определению уровня цифровой трансформации органов управления, фондов и организаций, выработаны принципиальные подходы к оценке уровня цифровой трансформации направлений и областей цифровой экономики для расстановки приоритетов при оснащении их современным телекоммуникационным оборудованием.
The article clarifies several terms of the conceptual apparatus used in the subject area under consideration, evaluates modern approaches to determining the degree of digital transformation of government authorities, foundations and organizations, and develops fundamental approaches to assessing the level of digital transformation of directions and areas of the digital economy for prioritization when equipping them with modern telecommunications equipment.
Electro-optic beamforming for seamless wireless-to-optical digital constellation-mapping
Authors: Ghosh Niloy , Pendharker Sarang 
Published: July 2022

<p>In this paper, we show that seamless wireless-to-optical constellation-mapping is inherently governed by the direction of wireless reception. This lays the foundation for seamless electro-optic beamforming in wireless-over-optical links. We show that seamless electro-optic beamforming is governed by (i) direction-dependent electro-optic array-factor of the beamformer, and (ii) direction-dependent effective wireless constellation-rotation. The analytical conditions and design equations for enhancing the spatial selectivity of electro-optic beamformers are discussed in detail. The inadvertent nature of secondary maximas of the electro-optic array-factor is pointed out. We also highlight the impact of effective wireless constellation-rotation on seamless constellation-mapping. Further, we propose a seamless electro-optic beamforming configuration that enables wireless-spatial to optical-wavelength division multiplexing. The theoretical contributions presented in this paper are crucial for further investigation and practical realization of seamless wireless-over-optical links in next-generation communication systems like B5G and 6G.<br>
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