bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’interdisciplinarité, une valeur ajoutée de la recherche collaborative
Authors: Grangereau Isabelle , Duperray Paola , Mutabazi Éric 
Published: June 2022

L’article porte sur les stratégies d’adaptation de chefs d’établissement face aux situations génératrices de stress, voire de souffrance au travail, auxquelles ils sont confrontés. Il propose une approche interdisciplinaire. Si le traitement des données empiriques a été effectué de manière autonome par chaque chercheur, les analyses et les interprétations se sont nourries des interactions pour aboutir à une lecture partagée du phénomène étudié. Ces analyses s’inscrivent dans trois disciplines : sciences de gestion, psychologie clinique et sciences de l’éducation. Elles prennent appui sur trois différents focus : psychoclinique, organisationnel, andragogique. Il en résulte une lecture collaborative et originale d’un même phénomène. Les résultats de ce travail montrent une certaine valeur ajoutée qui rend compte de la complexité de l’objet d’étude et de ses nombreuses spécificités. Cette interdisciplinarité permet de faire émerger des pistes de réflexion, puis d’intervention au plus près des représentations des acteurs et des dynamiques de l’organisation. Elle se révèle comme un puissant stimulus de déplacements pour les parties prenantes, tout en produisant des connaissances nouvelles. La mise au travail des résonances repérées tout au long du processus conduit les chercheurs à interroger la place de laquelle ils s’expriment : l’enjeu est de transformer ces matériaux et de les mettre au service de la recherche, de la relation et du changement.
Les AFEST, véhicules de l’amélioration des conditions de travail
Authors: Caser Fabienne 
Published: June 2022

L’article interroge les liens entre les AFEST et les déterminants importants des conditions de travail. Une première partie rappelle les constats dressés à l’issue de l’expérimentation nationale qui a permis de définir les contours de cette nouvelle modalité de formation : la survenue d’effets associés non attendus sur les conditions de travail. La deuxième partie porte le point de vue selon lequel ce sont en réalité les qualités intrinsèques de l’AFEST qui véhiculent directement cette dimension d’amélioration des conditions de travail.
Des histoires vraies de travail en formation initiale ?
Authors: Huchette Michaël 
Published: June 2022

Quelles sont les qualités attendues d’une histoire vraie de travail à faire étudier en formation professionnelle initiale, dans le but d’une compréhension du travail ? La question est discutée, partant de l’analyse critique des critères de qualité d’un cas, proposés par Roger Mucchielli en 1968 dans le cadre de la méthode des cas. Cette discussion théorique s’appuie sur un exemple dans le domaine du bâtiment, et mobilise des concepts élaborés dans les champs scientifiques français de la didactique professionnelle et des didactiques des disciplines.
Containment, European oil asymmetry, and American Middle East Policy
Authors: Dorion-Soulié Manuel 
Published: June 2022

Durant la guerre froide, les États-Unis garantissaient l’approvisionnement pétrolier de l’Europe de l’Ouest en provenance du golfe Persique, tandis que les pays d’Europe de l’Est étaient fournis à partir du pétrole soviétique : c’est ce que j’appelle l’asymétrie pétrolière européenne. Cet article analyse la moitié occidentale de cette asymétrie et affirme que la logique du containment , au travers du Plan Marshall, a contribué à accroitre les besoins pétroliers européens, en poussant l’Europe à dépendre davantage du transport routier. L’asymétrie pétrolière européenne a ensuite façonné la politique américaine au Moyen-Orient durant la guerre froide, aboutissant à la Doctrine Carter (1980) et la création de CENTCOM (1983).
Fragilité, vulnérabilité et ressorts de santé des personnes âgées
Authors: Michel Hervé , Koster Raphaël , Duclos Alexandre , Béland François , Duchêne Jacques 
Published: June 2022

À partir d’observations socio-ethnographiques à domicile, cet article explore les conditions d’application des notions de fragilité, vulnérabilité et atouts / ressorts de santé au repérage, au suivi et à la prévention de la perte d’autonomie des personnes âgées. Relevant d’univers différents, ces trois notions offrent des cadres d’analyse et d’intervention complémentaires.La notion de fragilité, dans son acception gériatrique, appartient à l’univers de la maladie ; elle se présente comme une diminution plus ou moins étendue des réserves physiologiques qu’un individu mobilise face à un stress. Les atouts / ressorts de santé se situent d’emblée dans le domaine de la santé, conçue non pas comme un problème à résoudre mais comme une ressource à promouvoir. Les atouts / ressorts de santé reposent sur les activités et relations qui forment le fil directeur de la vie des personnes âgées, les modes d’accompagnement de leur entourage et la qualité des environnements. La vulnérabilité, concept probabiliste qui saisit la relation ou la proximité par rapport à un danger, se rapproche de la fragilité par la notion de risque et des atouts / ressorts de santé par la notion de coping (capacité à faire face, à s’adapter). La vulnérabilité a l’avantage d’offrir une perspective plus large sur les risques associés au vieillissement, et d’entrouvrir la porte à la notion d’atouts / ressorts de santé pour commencer à caractériser les dimensions positives de la santé et de l’autonomie à domicile : en particulier les ressources mobilisées pour faire face aux risques et les motivations qui portent au quotidien les personnes âgées.
Les migrants subsahariens face à la précarité résidentielle et administrative à l’arrivée en France : l’enquête ANRS Parcours
Authors: Gosselin Anne , Desgrées du Loû Annabel , Pannetier Julie 
Published: June 2022

Les personnes nées en Afrique subsaharienne constituent en France l’une des populations les plus touchées par l’hépatite B et par l’infection VIH. Pour ajuster les stratégies de santé publique aux besoins propres de ces migrants, il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre ce qui accroît leur vulnérabilité face à ces infections, en particulier les expériences de précarité qui peuvent accompagner l’installation en France. Si la précarité des migrants est souvent évoquée, celle-ci est en réalité relativement mal mesurée ; en particulier la fréquence des précarités et leur place dans la trajectoire individuelle sont mal connues.Afin d’étudier comment les trajectoires de santé, les trajectoires sociales, familiales, migratoires et administratives s’entrecroisent et se construisent les unes par rapport aux autres parmi les Africains vivant en France, une enquête a été menée en 2012-2013 en Île-de-France, l’enquête Parcours pour « Parcours de vie, VIH et hépatite B chez les migrants subsahariens vivant en Île-de-France ». Cette enquête biographique, réalisée dans 70 services de santé, est la première en France à utiliser la méthode de collecte biographique démographique pour des recherches dans le champ de la santé, en impliquant des professionnels de santé.Nous présentons ici la méthodologie et la collecte de l’enquête Parcours et nous discutons des leçons tirées de cette expérience d’une enquête biographique en structures de santé et auprès de migrants. Puis nous présentons comment deux types de précarité vécues en France, la précarité résidentielle et la précarité administrative, ont été caractérisées sur l’ensemble des trajectoires biographiques. Enfin nous estimons le niveau de ces précarités lors de l’arrivée en France, leur évolution au long du séjour en France et leurs déterminants.
Pattern of Childhood Injury in a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Aderibigbe Rotimi O. , Ogunrewo Tolulope O. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Childhood injury and death have been projected to be a disease of public health significance, however, the trend in many developing countries of which Nigeria is one is still unknown. We, therefore, examine the pattern of childhood traumatic injury in our institution.

Materials and Methods:
The information of patients aged 16 years and below who presented with trauma was extracted from the trauma registry of the emergency units of University College Hospital, Ibadan, from 2015 to 2020. Data were analysed using the SPSS version 20.

Results:
A total of 3146 children were managed for trauma in the accident and emergency departments of the hospital. Most of them were males (61.2%) and within the under-five age group (36.4%). The majority of the injuries were secondary to fall (41.8%). Male child was more likely to be involved in any mechanism of injury and children between 11 and 16 years were commonly involved in machine hand injury (80%). Following intervention in the accident and emergency department, 44.1% were discharged in the emergency units, 21.5% required admission into the specialist ward, 6.0% died, 5.0% discharged against medical advice and 2.6% were referred.

Conclusion:
The burden of childhood injury is becoming significant thus demands more attention.
Comparison of Clinical Outcome and Anal Manometry following Laparoscopic-assisted Anorectoplasty and Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty in Patients with High and Intermediate Anorectal Malformation
Authors: Gupta Chhabi Ranu , Bhoy Tejal , Mohta Anup , Sengar Mamta , Khan Niyaz A. , Manchanda Vivek , Kumar Parveen 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
High and intermediate types of anorectal malformations (ARMs) may be managed by either open posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) or by laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP). Most of the literature favours one approach over the other based on retrospective analysis. We performed this study with the aim to compare the short-term outcomes of both procedures.

Materials and Methods:
All paediatric patients with high and intermediate ARM were enrolled and randomised into two groups: open PSARP group and LAARP group. Outcome parameters such as faecal continence using Kelly's scoring system, anal manometric parameters and post-operative complications were compared between the groups.

Results:
A total of 16 patients were included with equal distribution in the open PSARP and LAARP group. Patient's variables were comparable in both the groups. Five patients developed immediate post-operative complications, three in the LAARP and two in the open group. The mean Kelly's score was 3.63 ± 1.6 versus 2.57 ± 1.9 (P = 0.132) for LAARP and PSARP group, respectively. The mean resting pressure was 34.71 ± 6.26 cm of H2O and 35 ± 6.16 cm of H2O (P = 0.384) in LAARP and open group, respectively. Rectoanal inhibitory reflex was demonstrated in 6/7 patients in LAARP group and 5/7 patients in open group.

Conclusion:
Faecal continence in patients undergoing either of the procedure is comparable. However, wound-related complications are lesser in LAARP procedure.
Steri-Strip™ versus Subcuticular Skin Closure of Paediatric Groin Wounds
Authors: Ladipo-Ajayi Oluwaseun Abiola , Lawal Taiwo Akeem , Ogundoyin Olukayode O. , Michael Afieharo Igbibia 
Published: June 2022

Background:
A technique that offers the best chance of an optimal result is most appropriate to be employed for wound closure.

Aims:
We set out to compare the cosmetic outcome, and wound complication rates associated with clean paediatric groin wounds closed using Steri-Strip™ or subcuticular suturing.

Settings and Design:
A prospective randomised study.

Subjects and Methods:
Children of African descent with unilateral and bilateral clean groin wounds were randomised into subcuticular suture skin closure and Steri-Strip™ groups and followed up postoperatively. Cosmetic assessment and outcome were scored based on parents' satisfaction using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and a single Plastic Surgeon assessed pictures of the scars using the Hollander Wound Evaluation Scale (HWES). Statistical analysis was used SPSS version 18.

Results:
Seventy-five wounds were assessed, (n = 35, Steri-Strips™) and (n = 40, suturing). Closure with Steri-Strips resulted in scars with comparable cosmesis as those with subcuticular suturing. Wound complications were also similar. There was no statistically significant difference between mean VAS scores on the 5th day (P = 0.320), 2nd week (P = 0.080), 4th week (P = 0.070) and 8th week (P = 0.080). The HWES scores were also comparable at those times.

Conclusions:
We conclude that skin closure of clean paediatric groin wounds with SteriStrips™ gives comparative cosmetic outcomes with subcuticular suturing.
Experience with the use of Mohan's Valvotome for Posterior Urethral Valve Ablation at a Centre in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Oyinloye Adewale Olaotan , Abubakar Auwal Mohammed , Wabada Samuel , Rikin Christopher Uruku 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is the most common congenital cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in boys. Management has remained challenging in our region, with features of renal impairment evident in some patients at the time of presentation. Endoscopic valve ablation is the gold standard of treatment, but this is not readily available in our setting. Mohan's valvotome has been described as an alternative device for valve ablation. This study aimed to highlight the clinical presentation, management and early outcomes following valve ablation using Mohan's valvotome.

Methods:
A retrospective study of boys with PUVs managed between September 2014 and June 2018 was done. The demographic characteristics, clinical features, investigations, treatment and initial outcomes were reviewed. The main outcome measures were improved post-ablation urinary stream, serial serum creatinine values at presentation, 4–5 days of initial catheter drainage and at follow-up.

Results:
There were ten boys with the median age at presentation of 4 months (mean: 23.9 months; range 10 days to 7 years). Four patients presented after 1 year. All the patients had features of bladder outlet obstruction with associated fever in seven patients and urinary tract infections in six patients. Nine patients (90%) had suprapubic masses, while 2 had ballotable kidneys with co-existing urinary ascites in one patient. Valve ablation was achieved with Mohan's valvotome. There was a significant improvement in the urine stream in all patients. The median duration of follow-up was 7.5 months. Median serum creatinine was 0.95 mg/dl (mean 0.94 mg/d ± 0.38 mg/dl) at follow-up, compared to a median of 4.03 mg/dl at presentation (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Initial drainage and definitive valve ablation with Mohan's valvotome is associated with improved serum creatinine and urinary stream.
The Role of Laparoscopy in Non-palpable Undescended Testicle
Authors: Salah Sami Eldirdiri Elgaili , Ahmed Elssayed Osman Elssayed 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
It is estimated that 1%–2% of male infants have undescended testicles. The reliability of ultrasound (US) to identify the non-palpable undescended testicles (NPUDT) is controversial. Laparoscopy remains the gold standard to diagnose and manage NPUDT.

Objective:
The objective is to highlight the role of laparoscopy in the management of NPUDT in 2 cities from Sudan over the past decade.

Materials and Methods:
Patients presented to Gadarif Teaching Hospital and Almak Nimir University Hospital with NPUDT were assessed by clinical examination and US. The testis, when found during laparoscopy, was either brought down to the scrotum in a single or two-stage or removed depending on the findings. Data were collected and analysed.

Results:
Patients covered the age range between 18 months and 65 years. The average was 12.4. The majority, 94 (67.2%) patients were older than 5 years. The main presenting symptom was either bilateral or unilateral empty scrotum. In 12 (8.4%) patients, the main presenting symptom was primary infertility. US was done in 120 (86.6%) of the patients and failed to see the testis in more than half of them. A single-stage procedure in the form of laparoscopic search assisted with orchidopexy was achieved in 90 (62.9%) patients and orchiectomy in 13 (9.1%) patients, while in 12 (8.4%) patients the testis was not found. Other procedures were applied on the 28 (19.6%) patients who needed staged operation in the form of Fowler Stephen's, in bilateral cases, in 6 (4.2%) patients. Shehata's operation in nine patients (64%) and open orchidopexy for 8 (5.6%) patients. The post-operative complication was encountered in 14 (9.8%) of the patients in this group in the form of bleeding, vassal injury and testicular atrophy.

Conclusion:
Laparoscopy provides the most accurate interventional option for managing patients with NPUDT. Laparoscopic orchidopexy, whether single stage for low or 2-stages for high intra-abdominal testis, is a proven and effective extension of lap-search with minimal complications.
Telecollaboration
Authors: Vilanilam George Chandy , Abraham Mathew , Radhakrishnan Ashalatha , Keni Ravish R. , Senanayake Sunethra , Attanayake Deepal , Muhammed Rumi Jalal Uddin , Sai Kiran N. A. , Varma Ravi Gopal , Chowdhury Forhad Hossain , Menon Ramshekhar , Thomas Bejoy , Venkat Easwer Hariharan 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim:
Although 80% of people with epilepsy live in low and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC), epilepsy surgery (ES) has reached very few of its potential beneficiaries in these nations. This imbalance could be overcome by telecollaboration ES, aided by the burgeoning digital penetration in LMIC. We aimed to propose a telecollaboration-mentorship model for resource-limited LMIC environs to initiate, sustain, and expand ES centers. We also aimed to assess the model's feasibility and provide a proof of concept.

Materials and Methods:
Five mentee centers (level 3 epilepsy centers) across three LMIC under the mentorship of a tertiary comprehensive epilepsy care center (level 4) were part of the telecollaboration-mentorship model. This model was used for surgical candidacy selection, intraoperative surgical support, and postoperative outcome assessment at the mentee centers, using both asynchronous and synchronous telecollaboration exchanges.

Results:
Nineteen patients across five centers and three LMIC underwent ES as part of the telecollaboration-mentorship program from 2018 to 2021. Sixty-eight telemedicine exchanges (average 3.5/patient), 42 asynchronous (email, text message, multimedia message), and 26 synchronous (phone call, video call, video conference) were made in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period. Worthwhile seizure outcome (Engel Class I, II) was achieved in 17 patients (89.4%) at a mean duration of follow-up of 13.5 months (standard deviation 10.9).

Conclusion:
The telecollaboration-mentorship model is a feasible, sustainable scalable, and replicable mechanism to expand the outreach of surgical care in epilepsy, especially in resource-constrained LMIC environs. It holds the potential to overcome the “ES divide” between LMIC and high-income countries and reduce the surgical treatment gap with acceptable surgical outcomes.
Square-stepping Exercises versus Conventional Exercises on Cognition and Risk of Fall in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Desai R Roopa , Rathi Nikita Sunil , Palekar Tushar J 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim:
Menopause is the cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity. During menopause, there is a loss of estrogen which diminishes protective reflexes, increment bone resorption, thus speeding up bone loss. This has been seen as significant factor for decline in postural balance. Functional imaging shows that estrogen also regulates neural movement during the execution of intellectual assignments. Thus, women attaining menopause complain of issues with memory. The aim of this study was to compare square-stepping exercises (SSEs) and conventional physiotherapy training on cognition and risk of fall.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-five postmenopausal women, attained >5 years of menopause up to 65 years of age were included in the study and were randomly allocated into SSEs Group A (n = 18) and conventional physiotherapy training Group B (n = 17). Cognition was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and balance was assessed by the Berg's Balance Scale at pre, post-2 weeks, and post-4 weeks of intervention.

Results:
Paired t-test and unpaired t-test were used for within and between-group analysis for Berg's Balance Scale. Wilcoxon test was used for within-group analysis and Mann–Whitney test was used for between-group analysis for Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The level of significance was determined by P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Statistically significant improvements were seen in both groups (P < 0.05), whereas between-group analysis, there was no significant difference with P > 0.05.

Conclusion:
Both types of exercise protocol were equally effective in improving cognition and preventing the risk of fall in postmenopausal women.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Severe Pelvic Organ Prolapse in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Geidam Ado Danazumi , Goje Danladi Joseph 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim:
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common gynecological disorder that negatively affects women's quality of life, especially if it is severe. Its burden has increased because of increased in life expectancy. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and the factors associated with the development of severe POP in our environment.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of cases of POP managed at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, over 10 years (January 2010–December 2019). Information including sociodemographic and risk factors were obtained from the gynecological ward register, case files, and theater records using a pro forma designed for the study. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Multinomial regression analysis was used to determine factors that are independently associated with severe POP.

Results:
The prevalence of POP is 1.8%. The majority of the patients, 73% (54/74) were grand multipara and 64.9% (48/74) were postmenopausal. Home delivery 83.8% (62/74) and difficult labor 73.0% (54/74) were found to be the common risk factors. In 41.9% (31/74) of the cases, the POP was severe. Multivariate analysis showed postmenopausal status OR 10.7 (95% CI 1.39–82.56, P = 0.023), heavy lifting OR 13.7 (95% CI 1.73–108.75, P = 0.013), age ≥50 years OR 22.4 (95% CI 1.26–397.08, P = 0.034), and being unmarried OR 16.2 (95% CI 2.22–118.64, P = 0.006) to be independently associated with severe POP.

Conclusion:
POP is not uncommon in our environment with about half of the patients having severe disease. Postmenopausal status, heavy lifting, age ≥50 years, and being unmarried were independently associated with severe POP.