bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a vanillin‐based curing agent and its application in wood to improve dimensional stability and flame retardancy
Authors: Ma Tongtong , Li Liping , Mei Changtong , Wang Qingwen , Guo Chuigen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel multifunctional phosphorus‐containing curing agent monomer (PPBMBA) was designed and prepared based on vanillin by the nucleophilic substitution reaction and Pinnick oxidation with phenylphosphonic dichloride (PPDCL). Then a series of epoxy resin (EP) impregnated reinforced wood samples were prepared by combining PPBMBA to improve the dimensional stability and flame retardancy of wood. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the curing ability of PPBMBA to EP formulations is equivalent to that of industrial amine curing agents, while simultaneously being flame retardant and environmentally friendly. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation found that the cured EP composite was widely distributed in the wood. Besides, the water uptake rate and volumetric swelling (S) of the impregnated wood sample W‐EP‐0.10 were 59.8% and 67.8% lower than that of pure wood respectively, while the anti‐swelling efficiency (ASE) value was as high as 67.7%. The parallel‐to‐grain compression strength (CS) of the W‐EP‐0.10 was increased by up to 78.3% compared to that of pure wood, while the limiting oxygen index increased from 21.7% to 26.8%, and UL 94 reached V‐0 level. TGA‐FTIR and SEM analysis demonstrated that the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the impregnated wood samples were improved by generating non‐flammable gases and forming an insulating char layer synergistically. From a practical standpoint, this work has significant engineering application value for the development of value‐added wood products with high‐efficiency fire safety and dimensional stability from relatively low‐cost wood.
Issues of cancer care in people with mental disorders as perceived by cancer care providers: A quantitative questionnaire survey
Authors: Yamada Yuto , Fujiwara Masaki , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Wada Riho , Inoue Shinichiro , Kodama Masafumi , Yoshimura Yusaku , Horii Shigeo , Matsushita Takanori , Fujimori Maiko , Shimazu Taichi , Nakaya Naoki , Hinotsu Shiro , Tabata Masahiro , Tamura Kenji , Uchitomi Yosuke , Yamada Norihito , Inagaki Masatoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo reduce cancer care disparities, this study aimed to clarify the difficulties in cancer care for people with mental disorders as perceived by cancer care providers.MethodsCancer care providers at 17 designated cancer hospitals in Japan were surveyed using mail questionnaires. Respondents were asked to rate 29 items related to difficulties or insufficiencies in cancer care for patients with mental disorders on a five‐point Likert scale. We analyzed the proportion of respondents who answered “difficult/insufficient” in each item. We also calculated the proportions of responders stratified according to the presence of psychiatric support systems within their hospitals.ResultsA total of 388 (58.4%) cancer care providers responded. Among the issues related to “difficulties in diagnosing and treating cancer,” support for decision‐making, assessment of treatment adherence, and assessment of physical symptoms were perceived as most difficult (73.5%–81.5% of respondents). Among the issues related to ‘difficulties or insufficiencies in collaboration among multidisciplinary health care providers,’ the issue of advance consultation and sharing information with the patient's primary psychiatric care provider was perceived as most difficult (52.2%). Among the issues related to “insufficiencies of in‐hospital and community medical systems,” education to provide reasonable accommodation was perceived as most insufficient (47.4%). The perceived difficulties of over half of the issues varied significantly between hospitals depending on the level of psychiatric support systems.ConclusionsThis study clarified the difficulties of cancer care in patients with mental disorders as perceived by cancer care providers. Some issues may be resolved by psychiatric liaison teams.
Composite hierarchical anti‐disturbance control for discrete‐time singular Markov jump systems under double‐layer switching scheme
Authors: Hu Xiaohui , Peng Chen , Tian Engang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work endeavors to investigate the composite hierarchical anti‐disturbance control issue for discrete‐time singularly perturbed Markov jump systems with multiple disturbances. These disturbances include two types, one is the external disturbance that belongs to , and the other is generated by an exogenous system. To attenuate and reject the negative effects of two types of disturbances, a composite anti‐interference controller with integrated feedforward and feedback strategies is designed. Notably, the transition probabilities of the Markov chain are considered to be piecewise time‐varying and subject to a persistent dwell‐time switching scheme. Fully considering the two‐time scales phenomenon and the switching characteristics of systems, a mixed parameter/mode‐dependent Lyapunov function is constructed to assure that all the signals of the closed‐loop system satisfy the mean‐square exponential stability with the anticipant performance. Eventually, two illustrative examples are presented to verify the efficiency and superiority of the designed composite control strategy.
Atomically Dispersed Cu in Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Nanoflake Array for Dendrite‐Free Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Tao Yuan , Zuo Shou Wei , Xiao Shu Hao , Sun Peng Xiao , Li Nian Wu , Chen Jun Song , Zhang Hua Bin , Yu Le 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) have been considered as a promising alternative to the existing Li‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the large‐scale application of the AZMBs is restricted by the dendrite formation and side reactions within the Zn metal anodes (ZMAs) during cycling. Herein, an atomically dispersed Cu in leaf‐like Zn‐coordinated zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐L) nanoflakes on Ti mesh (CuZIF‐L@TM) as ZMA host is developed. The 3D conductive network formed by the interconnected ZIF‐L nanoflakes can reduce the local current density and homogenize the electric field distribution. Moreover, experimental data and theoretical calculations reveal the Cu single atoms within the ZIF‐L can serve as the zincophilic sites to facilitate the Zn deposition. As expected, the CuZIF‐L@TM host enables a homogeneous Zn deposition on the surface without dendrites. The resultant CuZIF‐L@TM/Zn electrode shows stable Zn plating/stripping over 1100 h at 1 mA cm−2with a low voltage hysteresis of about 50 mV. As a proof of concept, a full cell based on the designed CuZIF‐L@TM/Zn anode shows a stable cycling performance over 1000 cycles.
Who Relates to the Divine as Feminine? Transnational Consensus and Outliers Among Young Adults
Authors: Deutsch Nurit Novis , Klingenberg Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA Q-analysis generally favors large inter-group differences, whereas consensual statements that are shared by most participants tend to receive less attention, as do unusual views, which characterize small groups of participants. In this chapter, we start by exploring consensus statements and offer some thoughts on their meaning. We then consider views that are outside of the individual horizons of most participants. We identified these views through statements towards which most of the samples tended to be indifferent or neutral.Against the backdrop of these transnational statement preferences, we proceed to discuss irrelevant statements through the lens of “religious outliers”; individuals for whom the statements in question were, in fact, highly relevant and important. We then attempt to characterize these “types” through sets of statements, which were not part of any national prototype, and analyze the subjectivities of those who endorse them, by presenting holistic analyses of their interview narratives. Jointly, these analyses help us assess to what extent we can set aside the idea of national-cultural boundaries in favor of other levels of FQS statement analysis – the transnational and the idiosyncratic.
Environmental Values and Nature’s Contributions to People: Towards Methodological Pluralism in Evaluation of Sustainable Ecosystem Services
Authors: Borrie William T. , Armatas Christopher A. 
Published: June 2022

Significance StatementGiven the diverse ways that people value nature and the lack of an all-encompassing methodology able to capture such diversity, we call for the acceptance of plural methodologies for the comprehensive and inclusive evaluation of nature. The chapter provides a primer of five different evaluation approaches of nature: (i) economic/instrumental, (ii) ecological/biophysical, (iii) ethical/intrinsic, (iv) social/shared, and (v) relational. While leveraging the strengths and weaknesses of different evaluation methods is challenging, we suggest that defining the different normative assumptions of each approach (for example, the purposes of evaluation, how values and preferences can be expressed, and the positionality for those who recognise and give voice to different values) will provide a robust foundation for communication and learning across disciplinary and practitioner boundaries.
Green Spaces and Their Social Functions: Specific Challenges in Urban Spaces of Arrival
Authors: Haase Annegret 
Published: June 2022

Significance StatementUrban green spaces fulfil multiple functions. Next to their function as areas for leisure, recreation, perception of nature or improvement of physical and mental health, they are also operating as spaces of social contact, encounter, communication and interaction. This social function of urban green spaces becomes a challenge in heterogeneous neighbourhoods where many different groups of residents having different backgrounds of origin, socialization and social daily routines and practices live together and use the same public space. This chapter looks at the social functions of urban green spaces in heterogeneous urban areas, so-called urban spaces of arrival how we find them in many European cities, with a focus on encounter, communication and interaction.
Marine Ecological Democracy: Participatory Marine Planning in Indigenous Marine Areas in Chile
Authors: Anbleyth-Evans Jeremy 
Published: June 2022

Significance StatementGlobally, marine ecosystems and indigenous cultures continue to collapse, prompting a need for a paradigm shift in conservation and marine planning. While top-down processes of marine and cultural conservation have widely been shown to be unsuccessful, this chapter shows how to carry out participatory methods for marine conservation planning, through eliciting traditional ecological knowledge and mapping with fisheries communities. Drawing on work in Manquemapu and Caulin Indigenous Marine Areas located in Chile, it considers how different communities identify ecological threats from overfishing and aquaculture, and how researchers can advance the integration of their evidence through participatory GIS. The chapter explores how different valuations of nature are expressed, specifically in Mapuche -Huichille first nation culture and conservation science; and how they can work together.
Adaptations to Climate Variability in Fisheries and Aquaculture Social-Ecological Systems in the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Romagnoni Giovanni , Kluger Lotta Clara , Tam Jorge , Wolff Matthias 
Published: June 2022

Significance StatementThe Peruvian Upwelling ecosystem is highly productive. El Niño variability affects species abundance and distribution, and thus marine activities. Climate change is modifying El Niño patterns, compromising the strategies of marine organisms and human activities to cope with its variability. We focus on three marine social-ecological systems to identify weaknesses and leverage points for adaptation and resilience. We find that (1) the Peruvian artisanal fishery and aquaculture sectors urgently need an institutional framework for adaptation to future environmental changes; (2) bottom-up adaptation strategies require institutional support, tailored to socio-ecological specificities; and (3) additional research on socio-ecological tipping points and their effects for human-nature interactions and societal repercussions is necessary. These finding may be useful in other systems undergoing similar challenges.
Rigorous bounds on light-by-light scattering
Authors: Henriksson J. , McPeak B. , Russo F. , Vichi A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We bound EFT coefficients appearing in 2 → 2 photon scattering amplitudes in four dimensions. After reviewing unitarity and positivity conditions in this context, we use dispersion relations and crossing symmetry to compute sum rules and null constraints. This allows us to derive new rigorous bounds on operators with four, six, and eight derivatives, including two-sided bounds on their ratios. Comparing with a number of partial UV completions, we find that some of our bounds are saturated by the amplitudes that arise from integrating out a massive scalar or axion, while others suggest the existence of unknown amplitudes.
Requirements on common solutions to the LSND and MiniBooNE excesses: a post-MicroBooNE study
Authors: Abdallah Waleed , Gandhi Raj , Roy Samiran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The strong statistical significance of an observed electron-like event excess in the MiniBooNE (MB) experiment, along with an earlier similar excess seen in the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND), when interpreted in conjunction with recent MicroBooNE results may have brought us to the cusp of new physics discoveries. This has led to many attempts to understand these observations, both for each experiment individually and in conjunction, via physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). We provide an overview of the current situation, and discuss three major categories under which the many proposals for new physics fall. The possibility that the same new, non-oscillation physics explains both anomalies leads to new restrictions and requirements. An important class of such common solutions, which we focus on in this work, consists of a heavy 𝒪(MeV−sub-GeV) sterile neutral fermion produced in the detectors, (via up-scattering of the incoming muon neutrinos), and subsequently decaying to photons or e+e− pairs which mimic the observed signals. Such solutions are subject to strong demands from a) cross section requirements which would yield a sufficient number of total events in both LSND and MB, b) requirements imposed by the measured energy and angular distributions in both experiments and finally, c) consistency and compatibility of the new physics model and its particle content with other bounds from a diverse swathe of particle physics experiments. We find that these criteria often pull proposed solutions in different directions, and stringently limit the viable set of proposals which could resolve both anomalies. Our conclusions are relevant for both the general search for new physics and for the ongoing observations and analyses of the MicroBooNE experiment.
Entanglement entropy and negativity in the Ising model with defects
Authors: Rogerson David , Pollmann Frank , Roy Ananda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDefects in two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) contain signatures of their characteristics. In this work, we analyze entanglement properties of subsystems in the presence of energy and duality defects in the Ising CFT using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique. In particular, we compute the entanglement entropy (EE) and the entanglement negativity (EN) in the presence of defects. For the EE, we consider the cases when the defect lies within the subsystem and at the edge of the subsystem. We show that the EE for the duality defect exhibits fundamentally different characteristics compared to the energy defect due to the existence of localized and delocalized zero energy modes. Of special interest is the nontrivial ‘finite-size correction’ in the EE obtained recently using free fermion computations [1]. These corrections arise when the subsystem size is appreciable compared to the total system size and lead to a deviation from the usual logarithmic scaling characteristic of one-dimensional quantum-critical systems. Using matrix product states with open and infinite boundary conditions, we numerically demonstrate the disappearance of the zero mode contribution for finite subsystem sizes in the thermodynamic limit. Our results provide further support to the recent free fermion computations, but clearly contradict earlier analytical field theory calculations based on twisted torus partition functions. Subsequently, we compute the logarithm of the EN (log-EN) between two disjoint subsystems separated by a defect. We show that the log-EN scales logarithmically with the separation of the subsystems. However, the coefficient of this logarithmic scaling yields a continuously-varying effective central charge that is different from that obtained from analogous computations of the EE. The defects leave their fingerprints in the subleading term of the scaling of the log-EN. Furthermore, the log-EN receives similar ‘finite size corrections’ like the EE which leads to deviations from its characteristic logarithmic scaling.
Infrared Thermographic Imaging of Chest Wall Perfusion in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Rasche Stefan , Kleiner Christian , Müller Jens , Rost Antje , Ghazy Tamer , Plötze Katrin , Tetzlaff Ronald , Matschke Klaus , Bota Olimpiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoronary artery disease represents a leading cause of death worldwide, to which the coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is the main method of treatment in advanced multiple vessel disease. The use of the internal mammary artery (IMA) as a graft insures an improved long-term survival, but impairment of chest wall perfusion often leads to surgical site infection and increased morbidity and mortality. Infrared thermography (IRT) has established itself in the past decades as a non-invasive diagnostic technique. The applications vary from veterinary to human medicine and from head to toe. In this study we used IRT in 42 patients receiving CABG to determine the changes in skin surface temperature preoperatively, two hours, 24 h and 6 days after surgery. The results showed a significant and independent drop of surface temperature 2 h after surgery on the whole surface of the chest wall, as well as a further reduction on the left side after harvesting the IMA. The temperature returned to normal after 24 h and remained so after 6 days. The study has shown that IRT is sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate the known, subtle reduction in chest wall perfusion associated with IMA harvesting.
Managerial Discretion, Market Failure and Democracy
Authors: Bennett Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManagers often have discretion in interpreting their ethical requirements, and they should seek democratic guidance in doing so. The undemocratic nature of managerial ethical discretion is shown to be a recurring problem in business ethics. Joseph Heath’s market failures approach (MFA) is introduced as a theory better positioned to deal with this problem than other views. However, due to epistemic uncertainty and conceptual indeterminacy, the MFA is shown to allow a much wider range of managerial discretion than initially appears. The paper explores how this range can be narrowed down with democratic input, comparing models based on formal state institutions and on the informal public sphere. A case study from the pharmaceutical industry illustrates the merits of the informal public sphere approach.
Synthesis, optical and dielectric properties of polyacryloyloxy imino fluorophenyl acetamide and polyacryloyloxy imino fluorophenyl acetamide-co-polystyrene sulfonate
Authors: Baseer Rasha A. , Ewies Ewies F. , Ismail A. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOur scope is synthesis a new poly fluorobenzamide oxime ester and study its structural, optical, and dielectric properties. Consequently, ((E)-2-((acryloyloxy)imino)-N-(4-fluorophenyl) acetamide) (AIFPA) was as-synthesized via a condensation reaction of (E)-N-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(hydroxyimino) acetamide with acrylic acid to polymerize it via free radical polymerization (PAIFPA). over and above, the synthesized PAIFPA was inserted in more polymerization action with polystyrene sulfonate through the grafting process (PAIFPA-co-PSS). The chemical structures and morphology of AIFPA, PAIFPA, and PAIFPA-co-PSS were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, and XRD. The crystallinity index of PAIFPA, and PAIFPA-co-PSS was studied, affording that PAIFPA-co-PSS has the highest crystallinity. Moreover, The optical bandgap that obtained from absorbance analysis was encountered to be in the range of 2.6 eV to 3.5 eV. Ultimately, the dielectric properties of PAIFPA, and PAIFPA-co-PSS showed that electric conductivity values ranged from 6.12 × 10–8 to 7.11 × 10–7 S.cm−1, and 5.48 × 10–10 to 7.75 × 10–8 S.cm−1, respectively. It has a great deal of interest of PAIFPA-co-PSS which has wide band gap energy as short-wavelength light absorbers to be used in tandem polymer solar cells.
Echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary hypertension in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wolters A. E. P. , Wolters A. J. P. , van Kraaij T. D. A. , Kietselaer B. L. J. H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the cause of a devastating global pandemic and is not likely to be fully resolved in the near future. In most cases COVID-19 presents with mild symptoms, but in a minority of patients respiratory and multi-organ failure may ensue. Previous research has focused on the correlation between COVID-19 and a variety of cardiovascular complications. However, the effect of COVID-19 on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and correlated cardiovascular parameters has not been evaluated extensively.

Methods
This study was designed as a single-centre, semi-quantitative analysis. PH was considered to be present if echocardiographic measurements estimated right ventricular systolic pressure at rest to be 36 mm Hg or higher in combination with indirect indicators of right ventricular overload.

Results
In total, 101 patients (67.3% male) were included in this study, with a mean age of 66 years (range 23–98 years). PH was diagnosed by echocardiographic estimation in 30 patients (29.7%). Echocardiographically estimated PH (eePH) was not correlated with a diagnosis of heart failure or pulmonary embolism. Mortality was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients with eePH (p = 0.015). In all 10 of 20 surviving eePH patients in whom echocardiographic follow-up was obtained, echocardiographic estimations of pulmonary pressures showed a significant decrease after a median of 144 ± 72 days.

Conclusion
eePH is frequently observed in COVID-19 patients and is correlated with increased mortality. COVID-19-related eePH appears to be reversible after recovery. Vigilant attention and a low threshold for performance of echocardiography in COVID-19 patients seems warranted, as eePH may be applicable as a prognostic risk factor.