bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and Facilitators to Chemotherapy Initiation and Adherence for Patients with HIV-associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma in Kenya: A Qualitative Study
Authors: McMahon Devon E. , Singh Rhea , Chemtai Linda , Semeere Aggrey , Byakwaga Helen , Grant Merridy , Laker-Oketta Miriam , Lagat Celestine , Collier Sigrid , Maurer Toby , Martin Jeffrey , Bassett Ingrid V. , Butler Lisa , Kiprono Samson , Busakhala Naftali , Freeman Esther E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Kaposi sarcoma is one of the most prevalent HIV-associated malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa and is often diagnosed at advanced stage of disease. Only 50% of KS patients who qualify for chemotherapy receive it and adherence is sub-optimal.Methods: 57 patients >18 years with newly diagnosed KS within the AMPATH clinic network in Western Kenya were purposively selected to participate in semi-structured interviews stratified by whether they had completed or not completed chemotherapy for advanced stage KS. We based the interview guide and coding framework on the situated Information, Motivation, Behavioral Skills (sIMB), in which the core patient centered IMB constructs are situated into the socioecological context of receiving care. Results: Of the 57 participants, the median age was 37 (IQR 32-41) and the majority were male (68%). Notable barriers to chemotherapy initiation and adherence included lack of financial means, difficulty with convenience of appointments such as distance to facility, appointment times, long lines, limited appointments, intrapersonal barriers such as fear or hopelessness, and lack of proper or sufficient information about chemotherapy. Factors that facilitated chemotherapy initiation and adherence included health literacy, motivation to treat symptoms, improvement on chemotherapy, prioritization of self-care, resilience while experiencing side effects, ability to carry out behavioral skills, obtaining national health insurance, and free chemotherapy.Conclusion: Our findings about the barriers and facilitators to chemotherapy initiation and adherence for KS in Western Kenya support further work that promotes public health campaigns with reliable cancer and chemotherapy information, improves education about the chemotherapy process and side effects, increases oncology service ability, supports enrollment in national health insurance, and increases incorporation of chronic disease care into existing HIV treatment networks.
Lobular carcinoma in situ within fibroadenoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhou Bin , Wu Luoyan , Liu Liyuan , Zhang Zhi , Ye Minshi , Yang Ying , Wei Fangli , Zhang Guijie , Ye Dongmei , Qingwu Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast fibroadenoma is the most common tumor with benign biological behavior in women. It is rarely malignant. However, the imaging and clinical features of carcinoma in situ within a fibroadenoma are often similar to those of a fibroadenoma.Case presentation: This study aimed to report the case of a 38-year-old young woman with a regular painless mass in her right breast for 6 years. This tumor had a clear boundary and was composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Most of the area comprised the so-called fibroadenoma structure, besides swelling and proliferation in a small part of the terminal duct and no expression of E-cadherin protein. The histological morphology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of a fibroadenoma with lobular carcinoma in situ. Conclusions: We need to be careful of malignant transformation within fibroadenomas and improve the understanding of lobular carcinoma in situ within fibroadenoma.
PIVKA-II Combined with Alpha-Fetoprotein for the Diagnostic Value of Hepatic Tumors in Children: A Multicenter, Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Gao Hongxiang , Xie Chenjie , Wang Jing , Ma Ji , Liu Shijian , Xie Li , Zheng Yijie , Dong Rui , Wang Shan , Fang yongjun , Wu Yurui , Zhang Xianwei , Lu Xianying , Li Yang , Li Weisong , Pan Qiuhui , Xu Min , Gu Song 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate whether protein induced by vitamin K antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of childhood hepatic tumors. Methods: A multi-center prospective observational study was performed at nine regional institutions around China from October 1, 2018, to September 30, 2020, 257 eligible patients were enrolled. Children with hepatic mass (Group T, n=144) were divided into hepatoblastoma group (Group THB, n=98) and hemangioendothelioma group (Group THE, n=46), children with extrahepatic abdominal mass (Group C, n=113). Peripheral blood was collected from each patient prior to surgery or chemotherapy. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of PIVKA-II and the combined tumor markers with AFP. Results: The mean level of PIVKA-II and AFP were both significantly higher in Group T than Group C (P=0.001, P＜0.001), in Group THB than Group THE (P=0.018, P=0.013). For the diagnosis of childhood hepatic tumors, AUROC of PIVKA-II (cut-off value 32.6 mAU/ml) and AFP (cut-off value 120ng/ml) was 0.867 vs. 0.857. The differential diagnostic value of PIVKA-II and AFP in hepatoblastoma from hemangioendothelioma were further assessed, AUROC of PIVKA-II (cut-off value 47.1mAU/ml) and AFP (cut-off value 560ng/ml) was 0.876 vs. 0.743. The combined markers showed higher AUROC (0.891, 0.895 respectively) than PIVKA-II or AFP alone. Conclusions: The serum level of PIVKA-II was significantly higher in children with hepatic tumors, especially those with malignant tumors. The combination of PIVKA-II with AFP further increased the diagnostic performance.Trial registration: Clinical Trials, NCT03645655. Registered 20 August 2018, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03645655
A complete description of the dynamics of legal outer-totalistic affine continuous cellular automata
Authors: Wolnik Barbara , Dembowski Marcin , Augustynowicz Antonii , De Baets Bernard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an investigation into the evolution and dynamics of the simplest generalization of binary cellular automata: Affine Continuous Cellular Automata (ACCAs), with [0,1] as state set and local rules that are affine in each variable. The focus lies on legal outer-totalistic ACCAs, an interesting class of dynamical systems that show some properties that do not occur in the binary case. A unique combination of computer simulations (sometimes quite advanced) and a panoply of analytical methods allow to lay bare the dynamics of each and every one of these cellular automata. The results show that in the class of ACCAs considered, one can observe all types of sensitivity: sensitivity to the change of the number of cells in the grid, sensitivity to slight changes in the parameters of a local rule and sensitivity to the change of a single value in an initial configuration.Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) MSC 37B15, MSC 68Q80
Peningkatan Self-Leadership Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Melalui Experiential Learning
Authors: Laili Risqi Nur , Nisak Zeni Hafidotun 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana penerapan experiential learning dalam meningkatkan karakter self leadership siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Penelitian tindakan kelas model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart digunakan dengan 3 siklus untuk menerapkan empat tahap experiential learning dalam setiap siklusnya. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan tes karakter self leadership. Hasil uji independent simple t-tes siklus I adalah 0,001 dan 0,001, dan siklus II dan siklus III adalah 0,000 dan 0,000 dengan kesimpulan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil tes awal dan tes akhir. Hasil rata-rata uji efektifitas N Gain pada siklus I adalah 24,45%, siklus II adalah 66,83%, dan siklus III adalah 77,93%. Artinya efektifitas penerapan experiental learning mengalami peningkatan dari tidak efektif menjadi cukup efektif dan efektif dalam meningkatkan self leadership. Kunci keberhasilan penerapan experiental learning adalah pada kesiapan guru dalam memberikan pengalaman nyata kepada siswa dan melakukan pengawasan terhadap aktivitas siswa.In English: This study discusses how the application of experiential learning in improving the self-leadership character of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. Kemmis and Mc's model of classroom action research. Taggart is used with three cycles to implement four stages of experiential learning in each cycle. This research uses observation, interviews, questionnaires, and self-leadership character tests. The independent sample t-test in the first cycle were 0.001 and 0.001, and the second and third cycles were 0.000 and 0.000, with the conclusion that there was a significant difference between the initial test results and the final test. The average results of the N Gain effectiveness test in the first cycle were 24.45%, the second cycle was 66.83%, and the third cycle was 77.93%. This means that the application of experiential learning has increased from ineffective to quite effective and effective in increasing self-leadership. The key to the success of implementing experiential learning is the readiness of teachers to provide real experiences to students and supervise student activities.
Climate variability, water supply, sanitation and diarrhea among children under five in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Kemajou Donald Njatang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate variability is expected to increase the risk of diarrhea diseases, a leading cause of child mortality and morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The risk of diarrhea is more acute when populations have poor access to improved water and sanitation. This study seeks to determine individual and joint effects of climate variation, water supply and sanitation on the occurrence of diarrhea among children under five in SSA using multilevel mixed-effect Poisson regression including cross-level interaction. We merged 57 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 25 SSA countries covering the period 2000–2019 with climatic data from the DHS geolocation databases. The results of the research indicate that 77.7% of the variation in the occurrence of diarrhea in Sub-Saharan households is due to climatic differences between clusters. Also, a household residing in a cluster with a high incidence of diarrhea is 1.567 times more likely to have diarrhea cases than a household from a cluster with a low incidence. In addition, when average temperature and rainfall increase, households using unimproved sanitation or unimproved water have more cases of diarrhea. For SSA, the results of the multilevel analysis suggest the adoption at both levels; macro (national) and micro (household), of climate change adaption measures in the water sector to reduce the prevalence of diarrhea.
Exploring the Role of Antioxidants to Combat Oxidative Stress in Malaria
Parasites
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Ahmed Sarfaraz , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Malaria, a global challenge, is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species. Approximately 229 million cases of malaria were reported in 2019. Major incidences occur in various continents, including African and Eastern Mediterranean Continents and South-East Asia.

Introduction:
Despite the overall decline in global incidence from 2010 to 2018, the rate of decline has been almost constant since 2014. The morbidity and mortality have been accelerated due to re-active oxygen species (ROS) caused by oxidative stress generated by the parasite responsible for the destruction of host metabolism and cell nutrients.

Methods:
The excessive release of free radicals is associated with the infection in the animal or human body by the parasites. This may be related to a reduction in nutrients required for the genera-tion of antioxidants and the destruction of cells by parasite activity. Therefore, an intensive litera-ture search has been carried out to find the natural antioxidants used to neutralize the free radicals generated during malarial infection.

Results:
The natural antioxidants may be useful as an adjuvant treatment along with the antimalarial chemotherapeutics to reduce the death rate and enhance the success rate of malaria treatment.

Conclusion:
In this manuscript, an attempt has been made to provide significant insight into the an-tioxidant activities of herbal extracts against malaria parasites.
DFT Study of the Possible Reaction Path for Radical Promoted Esterification Mechanism of Free Fatty Acids of Soapnut Oil for the Production of Biodiesel
Authors: Ghani Naila , Kosar Naveen , Sadaf Sana , Mahmood Tariq , Khalid Muhammad , Ayub Khurshid , Iqbal Javed , Noor Sadia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Esterification of higher free fatty acids content by using a photo-catalyst has recently been proved as the most efficient method for the pretreatment of non-edible oil to synthesize biodiesel.Methods:In the current study, mechanistic details of photo-catalyzed esterification reaction for four different fatty acids through density functional theory (DFT) calculations are explored and compared with un-catalyzed esterification reaction.Results:Revealed that the presence of photo-catalyst lowers the activation barrier and the structure of fatty acid has no significant effect on its reactivity. Thermodynamic data also revealed that the presence of photo-catalyst lowered the activation energy from 51.67 kcal/mol to 0.7495 kcal/mol. Furthermore, Gibbs free energy changes (ΔrGm Ø) and molar enthalpy changes (ΔrHm Ø) of the photo-catalyzed esterification reaction are negative, indicating that it is a spontaneous exothermic reaction. On the other hand, free fatty acids esterification in the absence of a catalyst is a kinetically unfavorable process with positive values of ΔrGm Ø and ΔrHm Ø.Conclusion:Our findings theoretically clarify the mechanism of the photo-catalyzed esterification reaction of FFA present in non-edible oil, which facilitates the process of biodiesel production.
Disparity and Factors Associated With Internet Health Information Seeking Among US Adults Living With Diabetes Mellitus: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Eke Ransome , Jannat Khadiza Tul , Yang Xin Thomas , Parton Jason M 
Published: April 2022

Background
Many patients with chronic medical conditions search the internet to obtain medical advice and health information to improve their health condition and quality of life. Diabetes is a common chronic disease that disproportionately affects different race and ethnicity groups in the United States. In the existing literature on the popularity of internet health information seeking among persons with a chronic medical condition, there are limited data on US adults living with diabetes.

Objective
This study aims to examine the factors associated with internet health information seeking among US adults living with diabetes and whether there is a disparity in internet health information seeking stratified by race and ethnicity.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the Health Information National Trends Survey data from 2017 to 2020. We selected our study sample based on respondents’ reports on whether they were told they had diabetes, and our primary outcome was internet health information–seeking behavior. We used 2 multivariable logistic regression models to examine the effects of sociodemographic factors and other covariates on the internet health information–seeking behavior of adults with diabetes. Jackknife replicate weights were used to provide bias-corrected variance estimates.

Results
Our study sample included 2903 adults who self-reported that they had diabetes. In total, 60.08% (1744/2903) were non-Hispanic White individuals, 46.88% (1336/2850) were men, and 64% (1812/2831) had some college or graduate education. The prevalence of internet health information seeking in this population was 64.49% (1872/2903), and the main factors associated with internet health information seeking included education level (some college vs less than high school: odds ratio [OR] 1.42, 95% CI 1.44-1.88; and college graduate or higher vs less than high school: OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.79-3.50), age (age group ≥65 years vs age group 18-44 years: OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.34-0.63), and household income level (P<.001). In addition, we found significant differences in the effects of predictors stratified by race.

Conclusions
The findings from this study suggest that internet health information seeking is common among US adults living with diabetes. Internet health information could influence the relationship between health care providers and adults living with diabetes and improve their self-management and quality of life.
Pemanfaatan Biji Kopi dan Jahe Sebagai Sediaan Footsanitizer Untuk Menambah Pengetahuan Kesehatan Bekerja Sama Dengan Penggerak PKK Kelurahan Panggung
Authors: Febriyanti Rizki , Purgiyanti Purgiyanti , Prabandari Sari 
Published: April 2022

Pemberdayaan masyarakat pada dasarnya merupakan kegiatan terencana dan kolektif dalam memperbaiki kehidupan masyarakat yang dilakukan melalui program peningkatan kapasitas orang, terutama kelompok lemah atau kurang beruntung (disadvantages groups) agar memiliki kemampuan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya mengemukakan gagasan, melakukan pilihan-pilihan hidup, melaksanakan kegiatan ekonomi, menjangkau dan memobilisasi sumber, serta berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan sosial.Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk menambah pengetahuan masyarakat melalui kader dari Penggerak PKK Kelurahan Panggung tentang kepedulian memanfaatkan limbah sebagai jalan keluar untuk menambah nilai perekonomian.Dari kegiataan PKM yang sudah dilaksanakan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa peningkatan pengetahauan, pemahaman dan pelatihan mengenai produk footsanitizer ekstrak biji kopi dan jahe dengan beberapa konsep yang diberikan meliputi : penyuluhan tentang manfaat penggunaan footsnitizer, mengolah pembuatan footsanitizer dari ekstrak biji kopi bagi Penggerak PKK Kelurahan Panggung sesuai dengan tingkat ilmu yang mudah dipahami oleh mereka.
Formação de gestores educacional em mobilização social
Authors: Fattori Camila Campos Tinoco , Teixeira Maria da Glória Gonçalves , Pereira Maria Regina dos Passos , Panico Roberta Leite 
Published: April 2022

Este artigo de campo, resultado de pesquisa de natureza empírica, trata de uma experiência de formação - parte de um programa em realização - de Técnicos da Secretaria de Educação de diversas localidades para atuarem como agentes de mobilização social. Tal formação está baseada no estudo e em experiências práticas que favorecem a reflexão sobre as concepções de mobilização social e de formação de Redes Sociais como uma alternativa para que diferentes atores da sociedade possam atuar em prol de questões complexas e policausais como a Educação. A prática se dá por meio de encontros formativos e pela experiência da participação desses técnicos como integrantes e facilitadores de Redes Sociais, atuando em conjunto com diversos atores da sociedade civil. Nas Redes Sociais são desenvolvidas ações que contribuem para a educação pública de qualidade, com a mediação de formadores. O artigo apresenta a experiência de trabalho da Comunidade Educativa CEDAC no contexto de parceria técnica no programa Parceria pela Valorização da Educação (PVE) promovido pelo Instituto Votorantim em parceria com Secretarias Municipais de Educação. Busca sistematizar algumas estratégias formativas e analisar os efeitos desse trabalho na participação social na educação e também na abertura das Gestões Educacionais para atuar em parcerias dentro da proposta de uma gestão democrática. Destaca o princípio de ação-reflexão-ação e a atuação conjunta entre técnico mobilizador e formador como aspectos chave da formação.
The future of China's economy under the influence of trade tensions with the United States
Authors: Stepanov Nikita Sergeevich 
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the trends and patterns of development of the Chinese economy, taking into account the impact of trade friction with the United States. It is proved that the conflict between the United States and China has been growing for more than half a century, intensifying in recent years, which is reflected in the growing bilateral tensions at the political and economic levels. The goal of China's modern strategy in the international arena is to make a multipolar world a reality, to make China an alternative to the United States, and as a result led to trade friction between the United States and China. China remains the most involved country in the production value chains on the world market, and is trying to maintain and increase the positions gained over the past decades. It is proved that the introduction of additional tariffs on mutual trade between the United States and China has led to classic trade effects associated with a change in the level of protection, namely, the effect of creation and shift. Their direction was opposite to the effects observed in the case of a reduction in customs duties. The main strategic directions of the development of the Chinese economy are formulated. In the new conditions, the trade war between the United States and China should be considered as a conflict that sets a certain trend. There is more and more talk about new terms of trade liberalization agreements, whether bilateral, regional or global. The institutional subsystem develops under the influence of changes in socio-economic relations.
A bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Musculoskeletal Surgery and Research
Authors: Sayyad Yakub K , Khoshhal Khalid I. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives:
The Journal of Musculoskeletal Surgery and Research (JMSR) is a relatively new publication focusing on research related to musculoskeletal surgery and related research. We aimed to analyze its bibliometrics to help the concerned community and JMSR’s audience, authors, and editorial team get to know the journal more in-depth.

Methods:
We performed a manual search of the JMSR’s publications for assessing various bibliometric parameters, including the type of published documents and their citation frequencies, authors with most papers, authors affiliations (national vs. international), and frequency distribution of keywords from the Journal’s inception in the mid-2017 through 2021. We used the Google scholar database and analyzed the data using Microsoft Excel VOS viewer software.

Results:
Two hundred and twenty-nine documents have been published from mid-2017 through 2021 in JMSR by 540 authors (458 males and 82 females), having a trend of the annual increment (R2 0.3684). There were 97 original articles published to date with a mean of 5.14 ± 4.20 articles in each issue. By the end of 2021, JMSR has received 192 citations from 197 citable papers out of 229 published documents from 2017 through 2021, with an average of 38.40 cites/year and 0.97 cites/paper, and an h–index of 6. We found 2.4 ± 1.5 (Range 1–6) institutions per article, with 110 (55.7%) being local institutes, whereas 85 (44.3%) were international institutes. The number of authors per paper ratio was 4.3 ± 1.7.

Conclusion:
JMSR is providing quality scholarship publications in orthopedics and musculoskeletal research, which could provide global insight pertaining to the field, to its viewers, authors, and editorial team.