bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of neutrophilic granulocytes of peripheral blood in patients with mechanical jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Smirnova O. V. , Gubanov B. G. , Kasparov E. V. , Darenskaya M. A. , Kolesnikova L. I. , Kolesnikov S. I. 
Published: March 2022

Obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma takes a special place among malignant disorders and surgical pathology in Russia. Involvement of nonspecific immunity and the role of neutrophils in carcinogenesis are ambiguously evaluated. The aim of this study was to study functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophilic granulocytes and their phenotype in obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma. The study included 56 patients with obstructive jaundice associated with cholangiocarcinoma at the T2- 3N0- 1M0 stage (clinical stages II-III), and 90 apparently healthy volunteers of similar age group. Neutrophilic granulocytes were isolated from peripheral blood by means of double-density Ficoll-Urografin gradient.Venous blood was collected in patients into vacutainers with heparin upon admission to the hospital, before the surgery was performed. Spontaneous cytokine production (IL-8, IFNá) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Vector-Best diagnostic kits. To assess phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, the phagocytic index (according to Hamburger), number of phagocytes (according to Wright) and the index of completed phagocytosis (according to Rudik, 2006) were calculated. Immunophenotyping of neutrophilic granulocytes was carried out using an FC500 flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA) with monoclonal antibodies to CD11b+, CD16+, CD95+. The results were statistically analyzed using the Statistica v.12.0 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). To assess intergroup differences, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests (for three or more comparison groups) and Mann-Whitney tests (for pairwise comparison) were used. Comparison of groups for a qualitative binary trait was carried out using the two-sided Fisher’s exact test. Data are presented as Median (25 quartile-75 quartile).The study of the functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophiles in obstructive jaundice patients caused by cholangiocarcinoma revealed an increase in their relative and absolute number, increased phagocytic index and decreased phagocytic number of neutrophilic granulocytes, increased expression of CD11b+, CD16+, CD95+ immunological markers. The changes in neutrophil secretory activity were characterized by a decrease in cytokine production (IL-2, IFNá). An increase in functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, along with a decrease in their cytokine production suggests that, in obstructive jaundice observed in cholangiocarcinoma at clinical stage T2-3N0-1M0, an equilibrium stage is revealed between the cells of immune system and malignant tumor.
Screening of cytokines in blood serum and lacrimal liquid in wet and atrophic forms of age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Balatskaya N. V. , Neroeva N. V. , Karmokova A. G. , Ryabina M. V. , Kulikova I. G. 
Published: March 2022

Cytokines play an integral role in pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Of particular interest are the late stages of this disease, which causes progressive visual impairment. Therapy-induced effects of post-treatment cytokine concentrations also need to be studied, both at long and short observation terms. These studies are of vital importance if the atrophy occurs during antiangiogenic therapy. Our purpose was to study an array of 45 cytokines, in blood serum (BS) and lacrimal liquid (LL) of the patients with wet and atrophic AMD.The study included 70 people (85 eyes) with stage 3-4 AMD according to AREDS. Depending on the form of AMD, 3 groups were discerned: I group (n = 24) included the patients with “geographic atrophy”; II group (n = 22), consisted of the patients with macular atrophy treated with antiangiogenic therapy of wet AMD; III group (n = 24), comprised the patients with a wet AMD who did not previously receive the treatment. Control group consisted of healthy volunteers (n = 25). All the groups were comparable for age and gender. The patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination to make a diagnosis. A multiplex study of the local (in the BS) and systemic (in the LL) cytokine status was carried out on a MAGPIX device (platform хMAP, Luminex Corporation, USA) in the Luminexx PONENT 3.1 software, using Procarta Plex kits (eBioscience, Austria). We determined 45 cytokines causing various biological effects, i.e., IL-1á, IL-1â, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, IL-31, IFNá, IFNã, IL-8/CXCL8, IP-10/CXCL10, SDF-1á/CXCL12, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1á/CCL3, MIP-1â/ CCL4, RANTES/CCL5, Eotaxin/CCL11, TNFá, TNFâ, GM-CSF, VEGF-A, VEGF-D, FGF-2, EGF, PDGF-BB, HGF, SCF, GRO-á, NGF-â, BDNF, LIF, PIGF-1.Screening of a wide range of cytokines showing various biological effects was carried out in BS and LL of patients with atrophic and wet forms of AMD. It has been shown that the late stages of the disease are associated with local and systemic changes of pro / anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-1â, IL-1ra, IL-18, LIF), chemoattractant cytokines (IL-8/CXCL8, IP-10/CXCL10, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1á/CCL3, MIP-1â/ CCL4, RANTES/CCL5, Eotaxin/CCL11), hematopoietic regulators (IL-7), and growth factors with known angiogenic activity (EGF, HGF, PDGF-BB, VEGF-A). Altered concentrations of numerous chemokines, e.g., IP-10/CXCL10, SDF-1á/CXCL12, MIP-1á/CCL3, MIP-1â/CCL4, RANTES/CCL5 and Eotaxin/CCL11 (p < 0.05) in BS of the patients with atrophic and wet AMD may be of interest for the search of biomarkers associated with various clinical phenotypes of the disease and may be also helpful for development of new therapeutic strategies.
Computer-assisted and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of tumors and tumor invasion of the duodenum
Authors: Karmazanovsky G. G. , Abuladze L. R. 
Published: March 2022

Aim: To present the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging assessments of benign and malignant duodenal tumors, pancreatic head adenocarcinoma invading the duodenum, and duodenal dystrophy.Methods: We searched for scientific papers and clinical guidelines in the information and analytical databases PubMed and Google Scholar from the 2013–2021 period using the following search terms: duodenal neoplasms, adenocarcinoma, duodenum, duodenal neuroendocrine tumors, duodenal adenoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, cholangiocarcinoma, radiology, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, pancreatic head cancer. Then, we examined the reference lists of all the identified studies to collate the papers that would meet the eligibility criteria.Results: We analyzed 1494 articles, 22 of which were included in our review. From the papers published within 1992–2021, 35 articles from the reference lists were additionally included. Based on the search results, several domains of articles were clustered; the articles from those domains were reviewed and evaluated that involved the abovementioned diagnostic features.Conclusion: The early diagnosis and selection of appropriate management methods remain extremely relevant for the treatment of duodenal tumors, and hence, require careful attention from diagnosticians and clinicians.
Comparative assessment of diagnostic value of computed tomography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in colorectal cancer liver metastases diagnosis
Authors: Busko Ekaterina A. , Kozubova Kseniya V. , Bagnenko Sergey S. , Karachun Aleksey M. , Burovick Ilya A. , Goncharova Anastasiya B. , Kostromina Ekaterina V. , Kadyrleev Roman A. , Kurganskaya Indira H. , Shevkunov Lev N. 
Published: March 2022

Aim: This study aimed to clarify the ultrasound semiotics of colorectal cancer liver metastases contrast enhancement, and perform a comparative assessment of the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and computed tomography (CT).Methods: We studied 40 patients with colorectal cancer: patients receiving treatment for the disease and having newly diagnosed colorectal cancer. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT. In the cases of suspected malignancy, a trephine biopsy and a morphological examination were performed.Results: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT demonstrated comparable and high diagnostic efficacy. The sensitivity of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound in malignancy detection was 93.3%, with 90% specificity, 96.55% positive predictive value, 81.82% negative predictive value, and 92.5% accuracy. The sensitivity of contrast-enhanced CT was 93.3%, with 80% specificity, 93.33% positive predictive value, 80% negative predictive value, and 92.5% accuracy.Conclusions: For patients with colorectal cancer with contraindications to contrast-enhanced CT, contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be used an alternative imaging option for the differential diagnosis of liver neoplasms.
Evaluation of the Status of Prophylactic Administration of Antibiotics in Surgery Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd City in 2018
Authors: Bakefayat Mohammad Ehsan , Dashtaki Fatemeh Sadat , Vakili Mahmood , Modarresi Mozhgan 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: surgical site infection is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity: use of the prophylactic antibiotic is one of the effective methods for its prevention, the present study aimed to investigate the status of prophylactic administration of antibiotics in Surgery Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd City in 2018.
Methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 600 patients from General Surgery Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd City in 2018. Data were collected by questionnaire. Selection of the prophylactic antibiotic (pa), the dosage, time, type and the route of antibiotic administration were compared with ASHP ( American Society of Health System Pharmacistis) and -Clinical Medicine Strategy of Using Preventive Antibiotics in Surgeries (Iranian guideline). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 software.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 35.02 ±19.12 years. Regarding the use or non-use of antibiotics 85.2%, the route of administration 85.2%, the dose of the drug 64.7% were in accordance with the instructions. The time of drug prescription was in accordance with the national instructions in 72.3% of cases and in accordance with ASHP in 72.8% of cases. The most inconsistency with ASHP and Iranian guideline was seen in the type of the antibiotic that was in accordance with ASHP and Iranian guideline in 50.7% and 48.8%, respectively. The overall appropriateness of PA was found in 50.7% and 48.8% cases according to ASHP and Iranian guideline, respectively.
Conclusion: In the recent study, the most inconsistency with ASHP and Iranian guideline was seen in the type of prescription antibiotic.
O papel de Contratos Swap na cobertura de risco cambial na importação de viaturas usadas de Japão para Moçambique, 2010-2020
Authors: Charles Alcinda Rui Francisco Chichava 
Published: March 2022

Contrato Swap negocea-se a troca de rentabilidade entre dois bens (mercadorias ou activos financeiros). Pode-se definir o contrato Swap como um acordo, entre duas partes, que estabelecem a troca de fluxo de caixa tendo como base a comparação da rentabilidade entre dois bens. Por exemplo: Swap de ouro x taxa prefixada. Se no vencimento do contrato, a valorização do ouro for inferior à taxa prefixada negociada entre as partes, receberá a diferença a parte que comprou taxa prefixada e vendeu ouro. Se a rentabilidade do ouro for superior à taxa prefixada, receberá a diferença a parte que comprou ouro e vendeu taxa prefixada. Esta pesquisa teve como objectivo estudar o papel dos contractos SWAP na cobertura de risco de variação cambial na importação de viaturas usadas de Japão. Para a recolha de dados usou-se a técnica do questionário a 65 agentes exportadores de viaturas usadas e exportadoras particulares, nas cidades de Maputo, Matola, Xai-Xai e Beira e foi feita a regressão logística binária onde concluiu se que existe uma relação significativa entre a crise financeira e a variação da taxa de cambio e assim como, a variação da taxa de cambio deveu-se a falta da cobertura por contrato Swap. Assim, todas as hipíteses nulas estão acima de 0.05 de Sig, o que valida às hipóteses alternativas.
Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) Supplementation on Nutrient Utilization, Gastrointestinal Parasites and Haemato-biochemical Profile of Crossbred Calves
Authors: Jagota Priya , Patil A.K. , Jain R.K. , Keshri Anchal , Kurechiya N. 
Published: March 2022

Background: With the ban on the use of antibiotics as feed additives and growth promoters in animal nutrition, livestock scientists are now shifting their attention towards natural and safe products like organic acids, probiotics, prebiotics and herbal growth promoters. Plants containing essential compounds can be a cost-effective means of improving efficiency of nutrient utilization and growth performance of animals. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) belongs to the family Liliaceae, which is a genus of 500 species. The medicinal properties of garlic may have beneficial effects on nutrient utilization and health of animals. However, very few studies have been reported whereby garlic has been fed to ruminants. Therefore, the present study was design to investigate the effect of garlic supplementation on nutrient utilization, gastro intestinal parasites and haemato-biochemical profile in crossbred calves. Methods: Twelve crossbred male calves of similar age (3-6 months) were randomly allotted to two equal groups ((n=6) on basis of body weight. All animals were maintained on common feeding regime consisting of required concentrate mixture and roughage as per requirement given by ICAR (2013). Calves in experimental group were supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum) @ 250 mg per kg body weight whereas; the control group was remaining unsupplemented. The study was conducted for 90 days. After 60 days of experimental feeding a digestion trial of seven days was conducted to access the nutrient utilization of animals. The faecal sample of each animal was collected fortnightly for parasitological examination of helminthes eggs. Blood samples were collected from each animal at 0 and 90 days of feeding trial to assess the haemato biochemical profile of crossbred calves. Result: The results indicated that the intake and digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, ADF and NDF were statistically (P greater than 0.05) similar in both the groups. The haemato-biochemical parameters like Hb, PCV, RBC, WBC, glucose, TP, albumin, globulin and A:G ratio were statistically (P greater than 0.05) comparable among both the groups at 0 and 90 days of study. Similarly, the fortnightly faecal egg per gram (EPG) was also statically (P greater than 0.05) similar in both the groups. From the results it can be deduced that the garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation has no any effect on feed intake and digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, ADF, NDF and CP but significantly increases in digestibility of CF. Garlic powder supplementation did not have any appreciable effect on haemato-biochemical profile and faecal egg per gram (EPG) in crossbred calves.
​Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Verotoxin Producing E. coli from Diarrhoeic Goats of Jabalpur Region
Authors: Soni Pooja , Verma Yamini , Swamy Madhu , Dubey Amita , Jogi Joycee 
Published: March 2022

Background: Verotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) such as O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157: H 7 are an important human zoonotic pathogen. Small ruminants such as goats are important reservoir of VTEC. The detection of VTEC and virulence genes in goats has not been studied in the Jabalpur region of Madhya Pradesh. The present study was carried out to determine the occurrence of verotoxin producing E. coli in goats in and around Jabalpur. Methods: During the study period (July 2019 to February 2020), a total of 50 rectal swabs were collected from diarrhoeic goats. All the samples were processed for bacteriological isolation, molecular confirmation of E. coli and presence of the VT1 gene in E. coli. Result: On cultural isolation, E. coli isolates were found in 52.00 per cent (26/50) samples. Out of them, 21 isolates confirmed as E. coli by PCR. Detection of verotoxin producing E. coli (VTEC) by slide agglutination test showed 20.00 per cent (10/50) verotoxin producing E. coli serogroups including O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157. A total of 10 VTEC isolates were subjected to molecular analysis, Polymerase chain reaction determined VT1 gene in 10.00 per cent of goats positive for verotoxin producing E. coli indicating the goats as a potential source for direct transmission of VTEC to humans.
Asociación entre la atención prehospitalaria y la mortalidad de pacientes ingresados con lesiones graves por accidentes de tránsito en un Hospital Nacional en Lima-Perú
Authors: Huincho Evelyn 
Published: March 2022

Los accidentes de tránsito constituyen uno de los principales problemas de salud pública, ante esta situación la atención pre hospitalaria es un sistema adoptado para la reducción de la mortalidad frente a estos eventos crecientes. Objetivo: evaluar la asociación existente entre la atención prehospitalaria y la mortalidad de pacientes ingresado con lesiones graves por accidentes de tránsito. Material y Métodos: La información analizada procede de un estudio documental, retrospectivo, desarrollado en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue de Lima-Perú durante los años 2016 al 2019. La medida de asociación estimada fue el riesgo relativo (RR). Resultados: El 38,2 de pacientes ingresados por accidentes de tránsito fueron de sexo femenino y el 61,8% de sexo masculino; el grupo con el mayor número de fallecidos (65.77%) fueron de sexo masculino y la edad de los individuos ingresados con lesiones graves se encuentran entre los 48,38 ± 20,88 (D.S) años. Los pacientes que recibieron la atención pre hospitalaria mostraron un RR de 0,774; IC (95%) 0,595 – 0,995 vs. un RR de 1,481; IC (95%) 0,933 –2,351 que no recibieron esta atención. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados sugieren la necesidad de reforzar las medidas de atención prehospitalaria frente a este problema de salud.
Filsafat Politik Arendtian
Authors: Imadudin Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak
Arendt banyak dikenal, baik sebagai seorang ilmuwan politik, maupun seorang filsuf. Para sarjana mendiskusikan ide-idenya, beserta korespondensi ide-ide tersebut dengan situasi politik kontemporer; baik di Indonesia, maupun di tempat lain di dunia. Gagasan Arendt tentang banalitas kejahatan, tentang kekerasan dan tentang asal usul totalitarianisme telah mendorong penelitian dan analisis lebih lanjut tentang masalah fenomena populisme, intoleransi dan polarisasi politik di Indonesia kontemporer, serta di belahan dunia lainnya. Tulisan ini membahas korespondensi antara filsafat politik Arendtian dengan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, beserta ragam interpretasi kontemporernya. Makalah ini akan signifikan dalam memperkuat pembentukan karakter bangsa dan persatuan nasional Indonesia, baik secara konseptual maupun praktis. Tulisan ini didasarkan pada penelitian konseptual dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat menjawab permasalahan kebangkitan populisme, retorika politik intoleran dan polarisasi politik yang saat ini terjadi di tanah air.
Kata Kunci: Demokrasi Pancasila; Filsafat Politik; Filsafat Politik Arendtian; Hannah Arendt;
Thermodynamic analysis of casting titanium alloys is the basis of information support in the optimal foundry technology development
Authors: Rad T. A. , Iksanov M. V. , Golod V. M. , Malinkina Yu. Yu. 
Published: March 2022

The necessity of systematic formation of intellectual connections for integration into a single complex of currently fragmented software products for the technological analysis of the castings geometry, thermodynamic modeling of the titanium alloys properties, calculation of molding mixtures thermophysical characteristics for the purpose of conjugate implementation of a set of modeling procedures and casting processes diagnostics of is proved. Lack of such an integrated software package, computer analysis of modeling results in the existing manufacturing products practice demonstrates (by the example of the shrinkage defects distribution in a responsible casting of TL3 alloy) the need for radical technological design tools’ improvement.One of the key components of the “digital technology” being formed in the future is thermodynamic modeling of equilibrium phase transformations, which allows calculating the physico-chemical parameters, thermodynamic, thermophysical and casting parameters of titanium alloys and their evolution in the temperature range of crystallization. Based on thermodynamic simulation, experimental planning apparatus and the experience of statistical analysis carried out, a method for forming models for estimating equilibrium parameters used in modeling foundry processes has been developed, and it shows the possibility of applying it to various casting titanium alloys. For the standard composition of the TL3 alloy, a multifactor system of equations was obtained, reflecting the degree of influence of the components on the fluctuations of the alloy characteristics complex, which determine the development of a series of casting defects. The possibilities of using the obtained models for TL3 alloy and methods of obtaining them for use in computer modeling systems to increase the adequacy and accuracy of the results obtained are described.
Downhole Coiled Tubing Telemetry Reduced Time and Uncertainty During a Challenging Deepwater Milling Operation
Authors: Rondon Fajardo Sergio , Adams Edward , Williams Chloe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Fishing, cleanouts, and milling constitute the most common coiled tubing (CT) operations on the coast of Louisiana. The objective of the operations is to remove obstructions from a wellbore and to promote an unobstructed flow path for fluid, either for injection or production. Sometimes, due to the nature, weight, or length of the fish, a straight fishing operation cannot be performed. In these cases, dressing and baiting the fish with CT before a fishing attempt is necessary.
Considering previous experiences in the area, the operator wanted to remove common uncertainties that exist during CT operations including whether the correct force is transmitted from the surface, if the bottomhole assembly (BHA) is functioning correctly, and if the downhole motor is applying the correct amount of weight on bit for successful milling.
This study describes how a real-time CT downhole measurement system optimized an intervention that required dressing and baiting the top of the fish (a stuck CT string) to enable the subsequent fishing operation. The risks involved with milling a fish inside an injector well with CT in deepwater conditions motivated the use of CT telemetry capable of providing real-time downhole parameters to operate the mill both safely and efficiently.
The combination of conventional milling techniques and real-time downhole measurement capabilities enabled rapid response and adjustments to the actual downhole conditions throughout the operation, as the combination system developed and confirmed the tubing force module simulation.