bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADVL1514, a phase 1 study of ABI-009 (nab-sirolimus) in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors, including CNS tumors as a single agent and in combination with temozolomide and irinotecan: A Children’s Oncology Group pediatric early-phase clinical trial network study.
Authors: Cramer Stuart , Gilger Elizabeth Ann , Burlingame Susan , Militano Olga , Liu Xiaowei , Minard Charles G. , Reddy Alyssa Terry , Voss Stephan D. , Berg Stacey L. , Reid Joel M. , Fox Elizabeth , Weigel Brenda 
Published: June 2022

10022 Background: nab-Sirolimus (formerly know ABI-009 and nab-rapamycin) is a novel human albumin-bound preparation of sirolimus, a potent mTOR inhibitor. We report results of a Phase I study of ABI-009 alone and in combination with irinotecan and temozolomide in children with relapsed/refractory solid or CNS tumors. Methods: Patients (age 1-21 years) with relapsed/refractory solid or CNS tumors were eligible. Using a rolling 6 design, ABI-009 was administered intravenously as a single agent on Days 1 and 8 of cycle 1 (cycle = 21d), then subsequent cycles ABI-009 was administered in combination with temozolomide (125 mg/m2/dose, maximum 250 mg/dose) orally once daily x 5 on Days 1-5 and irinotecan 90 mg/m2/dose orally once daily x 5 on Days 1-5. Three dose levels (DL) of ABI-009 were investigated (DL1: 35mg/m2/dose, DL-1: 20mg/m2/dose, and DL-2: 15mg/m2/dose). The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) was established based on dose limiting toxicity (DLT) observed during Cycle 1 and 2. At the RP2D, additional patients were enrolled for pharmacokinetics (PK). Results: 33 patients were enrolled (32 eligible and 1 ineligible); 11 did not experience DLT but were not evaluable for toxicity due to progressive disease or physician decision to discontinue protocol therapy prior to completion of cycle 2; 17 [median age 13 (2-20) years] were evaluable for determination of MTD during dose escalation, 6 were enrolled on the PK cohort, of which 3 were evaluable to toxicity. At DL1, 2/5 patients experienced DLT (thrombocytopenia during cycle 1 (n = 1) and cycle 2 (n = 1)); at DL-1, 2/6 patients experienced DLT (thrombocytopenia in cycle 1); at DL-2, 1/6 patients experienced DLT (thrombocytopenia in cycle 1). PK expansion enrolled at DL-2 and 1/3 participants evaluable for toxicity had a DLT (mucositis). Overall, at DL-2, 2/9 patients (22%) had DLT. One patient with Ewing Sarcoma had a partial response and remained on study for 35 cycles; Patients (one each) with Ewing Sarcoma, Wilms Tumor, and Pineoblastoma had stable disease, ranging from 3-6 cycles. Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia was dose limiting for ABI-009 alone and in combination with temozolomide and irinotecan. The MTD for ABI-009 is 15mg/m2/dose days 1 and 8 in combination with 5 daily doses of temozolomide 125 mg/m2/dose and oral irinotecan 90 mg/m2/dose. One patient had a partial response, 3 patients had prolonged stable disease. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are pending and will inform future trials. Clinical trial information: NCT02975882.
Impact of ribociclib (RIB) dose modifications (mod) on overall survival (OS) in patients (pts) with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) in MONALEESA(ML)-2.
Authors: Hart Lowell L. , Bardia Aditya , Beck Joseph Thaddeus , Chan Arlene , Neven Patrick , Hamilton Erika P. , Sohn Joohyuk , Sonke Gabe S. , Bachelot Thomas , Spring Laura , Le Gac Fabienne , Hu Huilin , Gao Ming , De Laurentiis Michelino 
Published: June 2022

1017 Background: The phase 3 ML-2, -3, and -7 trials all demonstrated consistent and statistically significant OS benefit with RIB (starting dose: 600 mg/d 3 wk on/1 wk off) vs PBO in pts with HR+/HER2− ABC. RIB dose mod (reductions and/or interruptions) when needed did not impact OS benefit with RIB + endocrine therapy (ET) in previous analyses of ML-3/-7. Here we present data on the effect of RIB dose mod on OS in postmenopausal pts with HR+/HER2− ABC in ML-2. Methods: ML-2 (NCT01958021) enrolled postmenopausal pts randomized 1:1 to first-line RIB + letrozole (LET) or PBO + LET. Landmark (LM) analyses of OS were performed to evaluate the association between dose reductions (yes vs no) and OS. Multiple LM times were considered to determine the sensitivity of the findings. As an alternative to LM analysis, a Cox proportional hazards model with a time-varying covariate was performed. Two time-dependent variables, dose reduction (with/without mod from 600 mg starting dose) and relative dose intensity 2 (RDI2), were included in the respective model as covariates to explore the association with OS. To account for differences in time to first dose mod, RDI2 reflects the post–dose mod period. Median (m) OS was obtained using a modified Kaplan-Meier method. Results: At data cutoff (June 10, 2021; m follow-up, 49.35 [range, 0-86.7] mo), 209 of 334 pts (62.6%) had ≥ 1 RIB dose reduction and 125 of 334 (37.4%) had 0 RIB dose reduction. LM analyses by dose reduction are presented (Table). mOS was 66.0 (95% CI, 57.6-75.7) mo in pts with ≥ 1 RIB dose reduction vs 60.6 (95% CI, 42.5-79.2) mo in pts with no RIB dose reductions (HR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.65-1.18]). RDI2 was classified according to tertile: low (< 64.27%), medium (64.27%-95.86%), and high (> 95.86%). In pts with low, medium, and high RDI2, mOS was 62.6 (95% CI, 50.0-80.7) mo, 63.9 (95% CI, 48.8-not reached [NR]) mo, and 65.3 (95% CI, 50.5-NR) mo, respectively (HR low vs high, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.69-1.42]; HR medium vs high, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.62-1.38]). Conclusions: In this exploratory analysis of ML-2, OS benefit was maintained in pts with HR+/HER2− ABC who required mod from the recommended starting dose of RIB (600 mg/d 3 wk on/1 wk off). No relationship was observed between OS and RIB dose reduction or RDI2; OS benefit with RIB was observed in all groups. Clinical trial information: NCT01958021. [Table: see text]
Results from plasmaMATCH trial cohort E: A phase II trial of olaparib and ceralasertib in patients with triple-negative advanced breast cancer (CRUK/15/010).
Authors: Ring Alistair E. , Moretti Laura , Afshari-Mehr Angelica , Wardley Andrew M. , Kilburn Lucy , Gurel Bora , MacPherson Iain R. , Baird Richard D. , Martin Sue , Pearson Alex , Roylance Rebecca , Winter Matthew , Dunne Kathryn , Copson Ellen , Hickish Tamas , Stephens Peter , Burcombe Russell J. , Randle Katrina , Bliss Judith , Turner Nicholas C. 
Published: June 2022

1024 Background: The plasmaMATCH trial was an open label platform trial, consisting of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) testing in ̃1000 patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) linked to parallel treatment cohorts with therapies matched to mutations identified in ctDNA. Cohorts A-D have already reported (Turner N et al, Lancet Oncol 2020). Cohort E recruited patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) without a targetable mutation identified at ctDNA screening, treating with olaparib (PARP inhibitor) plus ceralasertib (ATR inhibitor). Methods: Patients with TNBC who had received 1 or 2 lines of chemotherapy for advanced disease or relapsed within 12 months of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy were eligible. Treatment was olaparib 300mg b.i.d continuously and ceralasertib 160mg qd on days 1–7 on a 28 day cycle, until disease progression. The primary endpoint was confirmed objective response rate by RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included clinical benefit rate, progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Biomarker analysis included response according to BRCA and somatic DNA repair gene status and ATM loss. Using a two-stage design with a target response rate of 25%, unacceptable response rate of 10%, alpha=2% and power=90%, ≥13 responses out of 69 evaluable stage 2 patients were required to infer efficacy (5/37 stage 1). Results: Between 17/09/18 and 5/10/20 75 patients enrolled in Cohort E of whom 70 were evaluable for response. The median age was 55.6 years. 42 (56%) patients had 1 and 13 (17.3%) had 2 prior line(s) of chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Efficacy is shown in Table. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were: hypertension 12 (17%) and anaemia 9 (13%). Dose reductions and interruptions occurred in 19 (26.4%) and 34 (47.2%) patients respectively. Conclusions: The response rate to olaparib and ceralasertib did not meet pre-specified criteria for efficacy in the overall evaluable population. Responses were observed in patients without germline or somatic BRCA1/2 mutations. Translational analyses are underway to identify potential biomarkers of response in this population and will be presented at the meeting. Clinical trial information: ISRCTN16945804. [Table: see text]
Zanidatamab (zani), a HER2-targeted bispecific antibody, in combination with docetaxel as first-line (1L) therapy for patients (pts) with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer: Preliminary results from a phase 1b/2 study.
Authors: Lee Keun-Seok , Wang Xiaojia , Im Young Hyuck , Zeng Xiaohua , Li Huiping , Wang Kun , Li Huiyan , Zhou Ping , Bao Yuanyuan , Jiang Zefei 
Published: June 2022

1031 Background: HER2-targeted agents have improved outcomes in HER2-positive breast cancer, but some pts develop resistance, relapse, or do not respond to current 1L therapies. Zani, also known as ZW25, is a novel HER2-targeted bispecific antibody that binds to two distinct extracellular domains of HER2. In a Phase 1 trial (NCT02892123) zani was well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary antitumor activity as monotherapy/with chemotherapy in pts with pre-treated advanced HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: Cohort 1 of this ongoing open-label, Phase 1b/2 study (NCT04276493) is evaluating zani in combination with docetaxel as a 1L therapy in adult females with advanced HER2+ breast cancer who may have received prior neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment. Cohort A pts received zani 30 mg/kg IV, Cohort B pts received zani 1800 mg IV, both with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 IV Q3W. Primary endpoints were safety and investigator (INV)-assessed objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included INV-assessed duration of response (DoR), disease control rate (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: As of Nov 26, 2021, 25 pts with a median age of 57.0 years (range: 33.0–80.0) were assigned to Cohort A (n=11) or B (n=14). Median study follow-up was 7.0 months (range: 1.1–17.4) and the median number of treatment cycles was 10 (range: 2–20), 16 (64.0%) pts remained on treatment. Of the 22-efficacy evaluable (EE) pts, confirmed ORR was 86.4% (95% CI: 65.1, 97.1). The 6 months PFS rate was 90.9% (95% CI: 68.3, 97.7). Efficacy data are summarized in Table 1. All pts experienced ≥ 1 treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) and 17 (68.0%) pts experienced ≥ Grade 3 TEAEs. In total, 23 (92.0%) pts experienced treatment related TEAEs (trTEAEs), and 17 (68.0%) pts experienced ≥ Grade 3 trTEAEs. The most common trTEAEs were diarrhea (56.0%) and decreased neutrophil count (52.0%). Serious trTEAEs occurred in two (8.0%) pts, trTEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation occurred in one (4.0%) pt and no trTEAEs led to death. Conclusions: Zani and docetaxel combination demonstrated antitumor activity in 1L therapy for advanced HER2+ breast cancer, with a manageable safety profile. Clinical trial information: NCT04276493. [Table: see text]
Early clinical safety and pharmacokinetics data of DZD1516, an BBB-penetrant selective HER2 inhibitor for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Hu Xichun , Zhang Jian , McAndrew Nicholas Patrick 
Published: June 2022

1038 Background: Patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) are at high risk of developing central nervous system metastases. DZD1516 is a reversible HER2-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with full blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Here we report the preliminary safety and PK data from the ongoing phase 1 study (NCT04509596) in patients with HER2+ MBC who relapsed from multiple prior treatments. Methods: Eligible patients received single oral dosing of DZD1516 on C0D1 and then twice daily (BID) oral dosing from C1D1 in a continuous 21-day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. The primary objective is to investigate the safety and PK of DZD1516 as a single agent. Results: As of 17 January 2022, DZD1516 was explored in 21 HER2+ MBC patients from the USA and China. DZD1516 was well tolerated at doses < 300 mg, BID. Two DLT events were reported in the 300 mg cohort. In all cohorts, 20 (95.2%) patients reported treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and 3 (14.3%) patients reported grade 3 drug-related TEAE. Two patients had dose interruption and one patient had dose reduction due to TEAE, all in the 300 mg cohort. Majority of TEAEs were reversible. The longest treatment duration was > 3 months. In all cohorts, the most common (> 20%) TEAEs included headache (42.9%), vomiting (38.1%), nausea (23.8%) and hemoglobin decreased (23.8%). At doses < 300 mg, there is no diarrhea or rash reported. PK data showed that combined exposure of DZD1516 and its active metabolite DZ2678 increased in a dose-proportional manner across the dose ranges. Elimination half-life was about 15-19 hrs. About 2-fold accumulation of DZD1516 in AUC was observed on multiple doses. In vitro, both DZD1516 and DZ2678 showed good permeability, and were not substrates of P-gp and BCRP. In patients, Kpuu,CSF of DZD1516 and DZ2678 was around 2.13 and 0.66, respectively, suggesting good CNS penetration. At the time of data cutoff, 16 patients had at least one post treatment anti-tumor assessment. With a median of 7 lines of prior treatment, the best anti-tumor response was stable disease. Conclusions: Preliminary clinical data showed that DZD1516 is a full BBB-penetrant HER2 TKI, with good safety profile. Consistent with its high selectivity, no wide type EGFR related AEs have been reported. Further evaluation of its safety and efficacy is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT04509596. [Table: see text]
Prognostic implications of HER2Neu-low in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Hasan Shaakir , Neubauer Zachary , Press Robert H. , Chhabra Arpit , Fox Jana Lauren , Cahlon Oren , Bakst Richard Lorne , Simone Charles B. , Choi J. Isabelle 
Published: June 2022

1044 Background: HER2-Low (or HER2-equivocal, FISH negative) breast cancer has historically been treated as HER2-negative; however, recent evidence suggests that there may be prognostic and/or predictive differences between the two. We explore demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of HER2-negative and HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients using real world data. Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database to identify MBC patients that were HER2 0, HER2 1+, or HER2 2+ per immunohistochemical staining, with the latter two defined as HER2-low and the former HER2-negative. A multivariable binomial regression analysis identified demographic and clinical correlates of each subtype. A Cox multivariable regression analysis (MVA), propensity matched to HER2 status, was performed to identify correlates of survival. Results: After excluding missing data, 24,636 MBC patients diagnosed between 2008-2015 were identified, 6,865 (27.9%) of whom were HER2-negative and 17,771(72.1%) of whom were HER2-low. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to age, race, year treated, location, income, insurance status, Charles Deyo comorbidity score, laterality, T stage, N stage, or use of systemic therapy. HER2-low tumors were half as likely to have concomitant hormone receptor-negative status (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.46-0.53). The 3-year survival rate among hormone receptor-negative patients was 33.8% for HER2-low and 32.2% for HER2-negative, and 60.9% and 55.6% in HER2-low and HER2-negative cases among hormone receptor-positive patients, respectively. HER2-low cases were associated with better survival on MVA (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87-0.95), and remained superior with propensity-matching (HR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.96). In a subset analysis isolated to hormone receptor-positive cases, HER2-low remained correlated with improved survival (HR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.98) with propensity-matched MVA. Correlates of worse survival include older age as a continuous variable (HR = 1.02), Black race (HR = 1.13), uninsured (HR = 1.18), comorbidity score > 0 (HR = 1.28), higher T stage (HR = 1.17 to 2.34), node positivity (HR = 1.17) and, as the most influential, hormone receptor-negative status (HR = 1.94) [all P < 0.01]. Conclusions: Consistent with recent data in non-MBC, our study demonstrates a small but statistically significant association with improved survival for HER2-low tumors compared to HER2-negative tumors in MBC. Randomized data are necessary to further validate this discrepancy and determine if different management is warranted for each subtype.
Dynamic circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in monitoring trastuzumab deruxtecan (TDXd) activity for patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer: Preliminary results of a feasibility study.
Authors: Giordani Elena , Palazzo Antonella , Minucci Angelo , Pavese Francesco , Paris Ida , De Paolis Elisa , Ricciardi Elena , Orlandi Armando , Pannunzio Sergio , Tiberi Giordana , Carbognin Luisa , Bria Emilio , Giannarelli Diana , Scambia Giovanni , Giacomini Patrizio , Fabi Alessandra 
Published: June 2022

1046 Background: Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (TDXd), a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that combines trastuzumab with a topoisomerase I inhibitor, has recently demonstrated high efficacy in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer after trastuzumab failure. Resistance to TDM1 have recently suggested to be dynamically associated with distinct circulating ctDNA species ( Allegretti et al, Mol Cancer 2021). A prospective study aiming to evaluate the feasibility of Liquid Biobsy (LB) in monitoring ctDNA in pts receiving TDXd in the national Expanded Access Program was conducted. Methods: In this prospective study, LB for ctDNA analysis (evaluating ‘ per pt’ ctDNA species and Variant Allelic Frequencies, VAF) was performed using 52-gene targeted NGS panel, in patients who progressed after two or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens and candidates to TDXd (3-weekly 5.4 mg/kg). This preliminary analysis reports data referring to Time-0 (T0) and T6 (cycle 6) assays. Results: From April 2021, LBs were collected for 14 pts and to date 8 are evaluable for LB. Median pts’ age was 59 yrs (range 38-72) and median number of previous anti-HER2 lines was 6 (2-11); 4 pts had Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab plus taxane as first-line and all pts received TDM-1. Median cycles of TDXd administered was 7.5 (1-10). At T0, 5/8 pts had at least one detectable ctDNA specie, and the remaining 3 developed at least one ctDNA at T6. ctDNA species and VAFs ranged from 1 to 5, and A0.1% to 68.94%, respectively. Decreases and increases were observed simultaneously in the same pt. The former varied from marginal to drastic, whereas the latter were invariably below 0.5% in VAFs. ctDNA monitoring was possible in 8/8 pts and at T6 ctDNA progression was detectable in 5/8 pts. Two pts displayed multiple HER2 copy number variations. Conclusions: The early results of this study suggest that considerable ctDNA burden, marked clonal complexity, and variable clonal response to TDXd can be found in pretreated HER2 positive patients, who progressed after antiHER2 therapies. Although the very small sample, this complex tumor evolution is surprising in light of the bystander payload effect of TDXd.
Clinical validation of a deep-learning–based model to predict lung cancer risk from chest X-rays.
Authors: Walia Anika , Raghu Vineet , Zinzuwadia Aniket , Lennes Inga Tolin , Lu Michael T 
Published: June 2022

10507 Background: Screening with chest CT prevents lung cancer death, but only 5% of eligible Americans are screened. The updated 2022 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) criteria expand eligibility to 50-77 year-olds, current or former (<15 years) smokers, with a ≥20 pack-year history. However, smoking quit date and pack-years are often not available in the electronic medical record (EMR), stymying identification of high-risk smokers for lung cancer screening (LCS). We previously developed a free, open-source deep-learning model (CXR-LC) that identifies smokers at high risk of lung cancer better than the 2015 CMS criteria, based on a chest X-ray (CXR) image automatically extracted from the EMR. CXR-LC was developed in the PLCO trial, an asymptomatic LCS population. The present study externally validates CXR-LC using existing CXRs obtained through usual care and compares CXR-LC to the expanded 2022 CMS lung screening eligibility criteria. Methods: Current or former smokers who had a routine clinical CXR in 2013-2014 were included. Patients with known lung cancer or who were undergoing LCS were excluded. Smoking status and 2022 CMS LCS eligibility were determined by manual review of the EMR. The primary outcome was 6-year incident lung cancer, identified using International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes and confirmed through discharge summaries and pathology reports. The CXR-LC model and the 2022 CMS eligibility criteria were compared for prediction of 6-year incident lung cancer. Results: Among 10,784 patients (mean age 63.1± 6.8 years; 61.0% male), CMS eligibility could be determined in 45% (4,886/10,784), with 55% missing pack-year or quit date data. In this population, 3.9% (191/4,886) developed lung cancer. The 2022 CMS criteria missed 57% (109/191) of lung cancers, while CXR-LC missed 8.9% (17/191, p < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, race, and prevalent COPD, the hazard ratio for CXR-LC eligibility (3.6, 95% CI [2.2,6.0]) was greater than for CMS eligibility (2.7, 95% CI [2.0,3.7]). In the 5,897 patients for whom CMS eligibility could not be determined, CXR-LC eligible patients had a 3-fold higher rate of lung cancer than CXR-LC ineligible patients (3.8% vs. 1.3%, p < 0.001). All CXR-LC eligible groups had 6-year lung cancer incidence >3.5%, above accepted screening risk thresholds of >1.5% and >2%. Conclusions: Using routine CXRs from the EMR, CXR-LC identified high-risk smokers who may benefit from LCS with CT, complementary to the 2022 CMS eligibility criteria. [Table: see text]