bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interaction between seminal plasma biochemical constituents and short‐term semen preservation in Honamli and hair goats
Authors: Inanc Muhammed Enes , Guzel Fatma Nur , Gungor Sukru , Herdogan Mine , Mart Feyza Nur , Kahraman Durmus , Cay Hasan Ali , Ata Ayhan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the short‐term storage of Honamli and Hair buck semen based on the relationships among the biochemical constituents of the seminal plasma. In total, 12 Honamli and Hair goat bucks (six of each breed) were used. Collected individual semen samples were divided into two parts, one placed in short‐term storage and the other centrifuged to determine the biochemical constituents of the seminal plasma. Diluted semen samples were cooled to +4°C; the samples were stored at this temperature; the spermatological parameters (i.e., motility, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity [PMAI], viability and high mitochondrial membrane potential) were assessed at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 144 h. A significant positive correlation was determined between the PMAI, motility and viability with globulin, chlorine, alanine aminotransferase (AST) and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT). A positive correlation was detected between the PMAI and viability with total protein. In contrast, a negative correlation was determined between the motility and viability with sodium values in buck semen (p ˂ .05). Also, it was evaluated the Hair buck samples became inviable across all parameters at 72 h, while the Honamli buck samples continued to be viable at 144 h. In conclusion, the seminal plasma biochemical parameters of total protein chlorine, globulin, albumin, sodium, AST and ALT correlated with spermatological parameters in buck semen. The factors of animal (p ˂ .05) and time (p ˂ .001) affected the spermatological parameters, but there was no interaction between the two factors (p > .05) during the short‐term storage period. Also, it was determined that Honamli buck semen was more resistant to cold injury than Hair buck semen against cold injury during storage.
Predictive value of serum high‐mobility group box 1 levels for checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis
Authors: Tanahashi Hiroki , Yamaguchi Kakuhiro , Kurose Koji , Nakao Satoshi , Sakamoto Shinjiro , Horimasu Yasushi , Masuda Takeshi , Miyamoto Shintaro , Nakashima Taku , Iwamoto Hiroshi , Fujitaka Kazunori , Hamada Hironobu , Oga Toru , Oka Mikio , Hattori Noboru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCheckpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP), caused by the anti‐programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) antibody, can be a fatal adverse event in cancer patients. However, no predictive biomarkers for CIP have been identified. Because high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can aggravate lung injury and potentially increase the immune response, it was investigated as a predictive blood marker.MethodsBlood samples, prospectively stored before anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 monotherapy between December 2015 and October 2020, were obtained at two university hospitals from 87 and 43 non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (discovery and validation cohorts, respectively). We retrospectively evaluated the association of serum HMGB1 levels with the incidence of CIP developed within 3 months of initiating anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy.ResultsCIP was observed in 9 (10.3%) and 6 (14.0%) patients in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. In each cohort, serum HMGB1 levels were significantly and reproducibly higher in patients with CIP. In the discovery cohort, an HMGB1 cut‐off level of 11.24 ng/ml was identified by receiver operating characteristic analysis. CIP incidence in the HMGB1high subgroup was significantly higher than that in the HMGB1low subgroup in the discovery (41.2% vs. 2.9%) and validation cohorts (36.4% vs. 6.3%). In an exploratory pooled analysis, three patients died of grade 5 CIP; a 19.29 ng/ml HMGB1 cut‐off level detected grade 5 CIP with 100% sensitivity and 96.85% specificity.ConclusionOur results suggest that HMGB1 may be a potential blood marker to predict the development and severity of CIP in NSCLC patients.
Oral conditions and other symptoms among older persons in long‐term care facilities during the end of life
Authors: Chung Joohyun , Chen Xi , Zhang Ning , Zhou Yanhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims: The purpose was to examine the association between oral conditions and other symptoms in long‐term care facilities during the last days of life.Methods: A retrospective case‐control study approach was used in this study, with the Minimum Data Set (MDS, ver. 3.0 2015) that was maintained and administrated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Residents with oral conditions (n = 4304) were selected with any oral conditions (e.g., ulcers, inflamed/bleeding gums, mouth/facial pain). The control cases (n = 12 912) were selected using propensity analysis.Results: Oral conditions had significant impacts on depression, poor appetite, pain, shortness of breath, and constipation. Although no statistically significant differences in trouble sleeping, vomiting, internal bleeding, and dehydration were found between the cases with oral conditions and the control, more residents with oral conditions reported trouble sleeping and dehydration compared to the control.Conclusions: It is important to provide preventive and proactive intervention for oral conditions, not only to minimize the negative effects of oral conditions on other symptoms in long‐term care facilities, but also to share philanthropic support with people who might be suffering other symptoms due to oral conditions at the end of life.
Experimental and Computational Analyses of Thermal Runaway Behavior of Lithium Ion Pouch Battery at Low Ambient Pressure
Authors: He Yuanhua , Zhang Liheng , Zhang Di , Wang Zhiyuan , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Safety issue concerning “thermal runaway (TR) behavior” of lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the core concerns for users. We have studied TR behaviors at various ambient pressures. The thermal runaway onset time (t1) occured in advance at ambient pressure decreasing to 50 kPa from 90 kPa (90, 80, 70, 60, and 50 kPa). At 50 kPa, thermal runaway onset time of LIBs was 177 s earlier than that at 90 kPa. With the decreasing ambient pressure, several values declined, such as battery peak surface temperature, heat release rate (HRR), peak flue gas temperature, and total heat release (THR). Moreover, the peak concentrations of CxHy and CO increased as the ambient pressure decreased, whereas peak concentrations of CO2 and NO showed the opposite trend. Based on the previous studies of the thermal analysis kinetics model of LIBs, a pressure correction factor kp was introduced to establish a prediction model for thermal runaway temperature at low pressure conditions. Based on the model output, the error of thermal runaway onset time t1 could be controlled within ±2 s, and the error of thermal runaway peak temperature Tmax could be controlled within ±2 °C. Our results have been well consistent with the results of simulation, and have been beneficial to further reveal LIBs thermal runaway behavior under low ambient pressure.
Dietary ketone body–escalated histone acetylation in megakaryocytes alleviates chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Xie Sisi , Jiang Chenyu , Wu Meng , Ye Ying , Wu Biying , Sun Xiaoting , Lv Xue , Chen Ruibo , Yu Wen , Sun Qi , Wu Yuting , Que Rongliang , Li Huilan , Yang Ling , Liu Wen , Zuo Ji , Jensen Lasse D. , Huang Guichun , Cao Yihai , Yang Yunlong 
Published: November 2022

Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a severe complication in patients with cancer that can lead to impaired therapeutic outcome and survival. Clinically, therapeutic options for CIT are limited by severe adverse effects and high economic burdens. Here, we demonstrate that ketogenic diets alleviate CIT in both animals and humans without causing thrombocytosis. Mechanistically, ketogenic diet–induced circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) increased histone H3 acetylation in bone marrow megakaryocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed a distinct role of 3-β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH)–mediated ketone body metabolism in promoting histone acetylation, which promoted the transcription of platelet biogenesis genes and induced thrombocytopoiesis. Genetic depletion of the megakaryocyte-specific ketone body transporter monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) or pharmacological targeting of MCT1 blocked β-OHB–induced thrombocytopoiesis in mice. A ketogenesis-promoting diet alleviated CIT in mouse models. Moreover, a ketogenic diet modestly increased platelet counts without causing thrombocytosis in healthy volunteers, and a ketogenic lifestyle inversely correlated with CIT in patients with cancer. Together, we provide mechanistic insights into a ketone body–MCT1–BDH–histone acetylation–platelet biogenesis axis in megakaryocytes and propose a nontoxic, low-cost dietary intervention for combating CIT.
Experiences and support needs of parents/caregivers of children with cancer through the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a longitudinal study
Authors: Collaço Nicole , Gamble Ashley , Morgan Jessica Elizabeth , Phillips Bob , Culliford David , Darlington Anne-Sophie 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the experiences, information and support needs of parents/caregivers of children with cancer and how these changed as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved.DesignOnline surveys containing closed and free-text questions on experiences, information and support needs were completed at four time points (between April 2020 and October 2021) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics of closed items and content analysis of qualitative data were conducted.SettingOnline.ParticipantsParents/caregivers of children with cancer.Results335 parents/caregivers completed the survey over four time points. Findings revealed that parents’/caregivers’ worry about the virus and vigilance about their child’s virus symptoms decreased over time. Parents reporting the need for support on how to reduce their worries and/or family members during the virus outbreak were low, however parents reported a slight increase in need for support at T3 when schools reopened. Qualitative findings reported the following themes: (1) Psychological well-being of parents/caregivers, (2) Changing perceptions of risks/priorities, (3) Adjusting to COVID-19: Living with continued caution, (4) Healthcare and treatment provision, (5) Information seeking and needs during COVID-19.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted people’s lives and routines in relation to access to support, finances, education and social lives, leading to psychological distress. Parents highlighted the need for timely, up-to-date and personalised information in relation to COVID-19 and their child with cancer. Further consideration of the development of technology-based health solutions may provide an efficient and safe way to connect with and support parent/caregivers.
Stigma towards leprosy across seven life domains in Indonesia: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Marpaung Yosi Marin , Ernawati Ernawati , Dwivania Agatha Tunjung 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo provide knowledge about the domains of life affected by stigma towards leprosy in Indonesia, including its manifestations, driving factors and consequences.DesignQualitative systematic review.Study selectionPubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, Taylor&Francis and Google Scholar were used to systematically search studies with qualitative component that were conducted in Indonesia and published from January 2000 to December 2020 in English or Indonesian language. The search was started in November 2020 and reran in April 2021. Quality assessment and thematic synthesis were applied.Data extractionOf the 3184 studies, 37 manuscripts were reviewed. Information relating to study characteristics, stigma domains and types following Weiss Extended Scambler’s Hidden Stress Model, stigma consequences and drivers were extracted.ResultsSeven themes were identified. Three themes—community, domestic and intimate relationships—impacted private domains. Four themes—health, economics, education and public entitlements—concerned public domains. Studies mainly discussed enacted stigma rather than anticipated and internalised stigma. Ten stigma-driving factors were found, ranging from negative and positive concepts linked with the condition to aspects not related to the disease process. Five areas of consequences were shown. Impact on public rights, such as education, was very minimally explored, although school absence was often mentioned. Stigma manifestation, drivers and consequences in most public domains were least explored.ConclusionLeprosy-affected persons in Indonesia experienced and felt stigma in private and public domains. Disease-related aspects, the culture and history of a particular region are linked with stigma manifestations. Approaches in one domain can affect another domain. More exploratory studies are needed in the endemic areas outside Java, especially considering both the lack of studies there and the unique culture of each Indonesian region.
Swedish Chronic Pain Biobank: protocol for a multicentre registry and biomarker project
Authors: Ghafouri Bijar , Ernberg Malin , Andréll Paulin , Bäckryd Emmanuel , Fisher Marcelo Rivano , Freund-Levi Yvonne , Grelz Henrik , Gräbel Olaf , Karlsten Rolf , Kosek Eva , Löfgren Monika , Ringqvist Åsa , Rudling Karin , Stålnacke Britt-Marie , Sörlén Niklas , Uhlin Karin , Westergren Hans , Gerdle Björn 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAbout 20% of the adult population have chronic pain, often associated with psychological distress, sick leave and poor health. There are large variations in the clinical picture. A biopsychosocial approach is used in investigation and treatment. The concept of personalised medicine, that is, optimising medication types and dosages for individual patients based on biomarkers and other patient-related factors, has received increasing attention in different diseases but used less in chronic pain. This cooperative project from all Swedish University Hospitals will investigate whether there are changes in inflammation and metabolism patterns in saliva and blood in chronic pain patients and whether the changes correlate with clinical characteristics and rehabilitation outcomes.Methods and analysisPatients at multidisciplinary pain centres at University Hospitals in Sweden who have chosen to participate in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation and healthy sex-matched and age-matched individuals will be included in the study. Saliva and blood samples will be collected in addition to questionnaire data obtained from the register. From the samples, proteins, lipids, metabolites and micro-RNA will be analysed in relation to, for example, diagnosis, pain characteristics, psychological distress, body weight, pharmacological treatment and clinical rehabilitation results using advanced multivariate data analysis and bioinformatics.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2021–04929) and will be conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.The results will be published in open access scientific journals and in popular scientific relevant journals such as those from patient organisations. Data will be also presented in scientific meetings, meeting with healthcare organisations and disseminated in different lecturers at the clinics and universities.
General practitioners’ (GPs) experience, attitudes and needs on clinical genetic services: a systematic review
Authors: Ong Cheryl Siow Bin , Fok Rose Wai‑Yee , Tan Ryo Chee Ann , Fung Si Ming , Sun Shirley , Ngeow Joanne Yuen Yie 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe proliferation and growing demands of genetic testing are anticipated to revolutionise medical practice. As gatekeepers of healthcare systems, general practitioners (GPs) are expected to play a critical role in the provision of clinical genetic services. This paper aims to review existing literature on GPs’ experience, attitudes and needs towards clinical genetic services.DesignA systematic mixed studies review of papers published between 2010 and 2022.Eligibility criteriaThe inclusion criterion was peer-reviewed articles in English and related to GPs’ experience, views and needs on any genetic testing.Information sourcesThe PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, EMBASE databases were searched using Mesh terms, Boolean and wildcards combinations to identify peer-reviewed articles published from 2010 to 2022. Study quality was assessed using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Only articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. A thematic meta-synthesis was conducted on the final sample of selected articles to identify key themes.ResultsA total of 62 articles were included in the review. Uncertainty over GPs’ role in providing genetic services were attributed by the lack of confidence and time constraints and rarity of cases may further exacerbate their reluctance to shoulder an expanded role in clinical genetics. Although educational interventions were found to increasing GPs’ knowledge and confidence to carry out genetic tasks, varied interest on genetic testing and preference for a shared care model with other genetic health professionals have resulted in minimal translation to clinical adoption.ConclusionThis review highlights the need for deeper exploration of GPs’ varied experience and attitudes towards clinical genetic services to better facilitate targeted intervention in the adoption of clinical genetics.
Forecasting immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor t-cell therapy
Authors: Amidi Yalda , Eckhardt Christine A , Quadri Syed A , Malik Preeti , Firme Marcos Santana , Jones Daniel K , Jain Aayushee , Danish Husain H , Rubin Daniel B , Jacobson Caron A , Cash Sydney S , Lee Jong Woo , Dietrich Jorg , Westover M Brandon 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundImmune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is a clinical and neuropsychiatric syndrome that can occur days to weeks following administration chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Manifestations of ICANS range from encephalopathy and aphasia to cerebral edema and death. Because the onset and time course of ICANS is currently unpredictable, prolonged hospitalization for close monitoring following CAR T-cell infusion is a frequent standard of care.MethodsThis study was conducted at Brigham and Women’s Hospital from April 2015 to February 2020. A cohort of 199 hospitalized patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy was used to develop a combined hidden Markov model and lasso-penalized logistic regression model to forecast the course of ICANS. Model development was done using leave-one-patient-out cross validation.ResultsAmong the 199 patients included in the analysis 133 were male (66.8%), and the mean (SD) age was 59.5 (11.8) years. 97 patients (48.7%) developed ICANS, of which 59 (29.6%) experienced severe grades 3–4 ICANS. Median time of ICANS onset was day 9. Selected clinical predictors included maximum daily temperature, C reactive protein, IL-6, and procalcitonin. The model correctly predicted which patients developed ICANS and severe ICANS, respectively, with area under the curve of 96.7% and 93.2% when predicting 5 days ahead, and area under the curve of 93.2% and 80.6% when predicting the entire future risk trajectory looking forward from day 5. Forecasting performance was also evaluated over time horizons ranging from 1 to 7 days, using metrics of forecast bias, mean absolute deviation, and weighted average percentage error.ConclusionThe forecasting model accurately predicts risk of ICANS following CAR T-cell infusion and the time course ICANS follows once it has begun.Cite Now
99Tc in stars, reactors, and nuclear medicine
Authors: Nagai Yasuki , Igashira Masayuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe roles of 99gTc in stars and in nuclear fission reactors and that of 99mTc in nuclear medicine that were studied using neutrons provided from accelerators are reported. In addition to the critical role of 99gTc in stars, we also describe the roles of related light nuclei such as 16O, and experimental studies on keV-neutron capture cross sections of these light nuclei that were performed using keV neutrons provided from a 3.2-MV Pelletron accelerator are reported. The keV-neutron capture cross section of 99gTc, that is important in studies on the nucleosynthesis of 99Tc in stars and on the nuclear transmutation of long-lived nuclear wastes produced in fission reactors, were measured. The cross sections of both light nuclei and 99gTc were measured using a neutron time-of-flight method with a ns-pulsed neutron source from the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction and with an anti-Compton γ-ray NaI(Tl) spectrometer. The measurements reported here were compared with the values of recent worldwide evaluated nuclear data libraries.We proposed a method of producing 99mTc from the 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo reaction, and performed a 99mTc production experiment using a natMo sample and MeV neutrons from the natC(d,n) reaction by 40 MeV deuterons at a cyclotron. Calculations for the 99mTc production with an enriched 100Mo sample were also performed, and calculated results were compared with the experimental results. Moreover, the thermoseparation of 99mTc from 99Mo was discussed. As a result, it was shown that 99mTc prepared by the thermoseparation using 99Mo produced by the 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo reaction can be a promising substitute for the fission product 99Mo.
Force-Aware Interface via Electromyography for Natural VR/AR Interaction
Authors: Zhang Yunxiang , Liang Benjamin , Chen Boyuan , Torrens Paul M. , Atashzar S. Farokh , Lin Dahua , Sun Qi 
Published: November 2022

While tremendous advances in visual and auditory realism have been made for virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), introducing a plausible sense of physicality into the virtual world remains challenging. Closing the gap between real-world physicality and immersive virtual experience requires a closed interaction loop: applying user-exerted physical forces to the virtual environment and generating haptic sensations back to the users. However, existing VR/AR solutions either completely ignore the force inputs from the users or rely on obtrusive sensing devices that compromise user experience.
By identifying users' muscle activation patterns while engaging in VR/AR, we design a learning-based neural interface for natural and intuitive force inputs. Specifically, we show that lightweight electromyography sensors, resting non-invasively on users' forearm skin, inform and establish a robust understanding of their complex hand activities. Fuelled by a neural-network-based model, our interface can decode finger-wise forces in real-time with 3.3% mean error, and generalize to new users with little calibration. Through an interactive psychophysical study, we show that human perception of virtual objects' physical properties, such as stiffness, can be significantly enhanced by our interface. We further demonstrate that our interface enables ubiquitous control via finger tapping. Ultimately, we envision our findings to push forward research towards more realistic physicality in future VR/AR.