bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Academic Year Under COVID-19 Conditions: A Multicenter Evaluation Study Among Medical Students in Bavaria, Germany Students' Needs, Difficulties, and Concerns About Digital Teaching and Learning
Authors: Holzmann-Littig Christopher , Zerban Nina L. , Clara Storm , Ulhaas Lilian , Pfeiffer Mona , Kotz Alexander , Wijnen-Meijer Marjo , Keil Stephanie , Huber Johanna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Since March 2020, COVID-19 has created a need for adaptation in many areas of life. This study explores medical students' perspectives on digital teaching under conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. It focuses on expectations and concerns about digital teaching, the evaluation of specific aspects of teaching, and requests for future teaching.
Methods

Six German faculties have joined forces within the Bavarian network for medical education to develop and deploy a common core questionnaire. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted at the end of the summer semester 2020 and winter semester 2020/21. Medical students from different semesters participated in the online survey. Data was analyzed descriptively and/or inferentially. Item differences across semesters were examined using contingency tables and Chi² tests. Mean values were compared using the independent samples t-test; answer frequencies in retrospective and prospective concerns were compared using contingency tables and Chi2 tests with Yates’ correction.
Results

In the summer semester 2020, 1565 students and in winter semester 2020/21, 1727 students took part in the survey. Students' ratings on aspects of the organizational framework, for example knowledge of where to find information or the helpfulness of information, were in the upper-middle range. Of the students, 92.5% in the summer semester and 93.7% in winter semester had access to technical equipment to participate in synchronous online sessions. For some students, however, the internet connection was not stable enough to do so. Students particularly missed the personal contact with their fellow students, but also with teachers. On-site teaching was the preferred form of teaching, and there was a preference for asynchronous over synchronous digital teaching. Teaching recordings were particularly popular to complement future on-site teaching. Besides the lack of social exchange with fellow students, the students' biggest concern was the lack of possibility to perform practical trainings.
Conclusions

The following areas of education under COVID-19 conditions are highly important to medical students: adequacy of information sharing, integration of opportunities for exchange with fellow students and teachers, possibility to perform practical trainings. After the normalization of the pandemic situation, on-site teaching should be supplemented with blended learning concepts such as the inverted classroom model.
Trajectory Tracking Control of USV Based on Exponential Global Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Zhu Tengbin , Xiao Yingjie , Zhang Hao , Pan Yufeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper studies the trajectory tracking of an under-driven surface unmanned surface vessel (USV). The trajectory tracking controller is divided into two parts: the kinematics controller and the dynamic controller. Taking the hull coordinate system of the USV as the datum plane, the kinematics controller is designed based on the backstepping method, and the virtual control input of the speed and the heading deviation of the ship is obtained. A dynamic controller is designed through an exponential sliding surface to stabilize the error of speed and heading deviation, thereby stabilizing the position error. In the process of designing the controller, the stability of the entire closed-loop control system is analyzed though using Lyapunov’s stability theory. Finally, the designed numerical simulation experiment is carried out. The proposed exponential sliding mode controller is compared with the global integral sliding mode controller, and it is verified that the proposed controller has better effectiveness and robustness in the trajectory tracking of the under-actuated USV. Insert your abstract here. Include keywords, PACS and mathematical subject classification numbers as needed.
Research on Water Meter Reading Recognition Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Liang Yue , Wu Wenjuan , Li Shaobo , Liao Yiqi , Qiu Taorong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Most of the current water meters are manually carried with a palm-integrated machine to read the meters on the spot, which has low labor efficiency and high labor costs, which leads to problems such as low efficiency for the entire water department. In response to this problem, this article aims to in-depth study and analyze a suitable water meter image recognition model to improve labor efficiency, reduce labor costs, and thereby improve the overall efficiency of the water department. The main content of this paper is to select a model with high recognition accuracy for the numbers in the black rectangle. This paper first introduces the existing in-depth learning models, such as Faster RCNN, SSD, and YOLOv3. Then two datasets are sorted out, one is the original water table picture dataset, the other is the data set cut out of a black rectangle box. Then two plans are proposed, one is to train the whole picture directly and recognize the water meter digits through the in-depth learning network, the other is to train the black rectangle picture and recognize the water meter digits through the in-depth learning network. Finally, by comparing the three models from different angles, it is determined that YOLOv3 in plan B has the best recognition effect, and the accuracy rate reaches 90.61%, which can greatly improve the labor efficiency and save labor costs.
Elucidating the genetic architecture controlling antioxidant status in barley
Authors: Thabet Samar , Alomari Dalia , Börner Andreas , Brinch-Pedersen Henrik , Alqudah Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A core set of 138 diverse barley accessions were exposed to salt stress under field conditions at the reproductive phases, and then a genome-wide association scan (GWAS) was conducted using 19,276 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to uncover the genetic basis of morpho-physiological and agronomic traits. A wide range of responses among the accessions to the salt stress was explored in the current study. GWAS detected 299 significantly associated SNPs with the antioxidants, K+/Na+ ratio, and agronomic traits. Five genomic regions harbor interesting putative candidate genes within LD ±1.2 Mbp. Exclusively, 2H harbors many candidate genes associated with antioxidant contents such as SOD, APX, GR, AsA, and GSH under salt stress. Markedly, on chromosome 7H at 153773211 bp, A:C SNP is physically located inside the gene HORVU.MOREX.r3.7HG0676830.1 (153,772,300- 153,774,057 bp) that annotated as L-gulonolactone oxidase, regulating the natural variation of SOD_S and APX_S. The allelic variation at this SNP reveals a negative selection of accessions carrying C allele which are predominantly landraces originated from Far-, Near-East carrying photoperiod sensitive alleles having lower activity of enzymatic antioxidants. The SNP-trait associations detected in the current study constitute a benchmark for developing molecular selection tools for antioxidant compound selection in barley.
Indications for the Potential of Cry1Ab1 for Inhibiting Aphid Development and Virus Transmission
Authors: Jin Liang , Zhang Bin-Wu , Zhao Xiao-Di , Lin Yi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cry1A-type toxins are insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis that are widely used to control Lepidoptera pests, and they are believed to be useless for the control of Hemiptera pests. In this paper, the purified Cry1Ab1 toxic core rarely killed peach aphids (Myzus persicae), as its Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) was up to 1308.6 µg/ml, as measured using the membrane-encapsulation method. We then identified the proteins that bind to the Cry1Ab1 toxic core in M. persicae using pull-down assays and liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and then analyzed the associated functions of these proteins using the STRING database. GPN-loop GTPase 2, beta-actin, ATP synthase subunit alpha and an unknown and annotated protein, which are mainly involved in cell phagocytosis, RNA polymerase, cellular oxidative phosphorylation and other related functions, were the proteins that bound to the Cry1Ab1 toxic core. Indications from docking showed that Cry1Ab1 toxic core, ATP synthase subunit alpha and beta-actin or Cry1Ab1 toxic core, ATP synthase subunit alpha and GPN-loop GTPase 2 being a complex to exert effects; Finally, models for underlying the molecular mechanism of Cry1Ab1 in M. persicae and disturbing virus transmission were proposed. The study will suggest new insights for aphid-effective Cry evaluation and improvement.
Productivity Analysis of Medical Record Department of Hospitals: A Case Study of Iran
Authors: Mokhtari Akram , Nabilou Bahram , Aghlmand Siamak , yusefzadeh hasan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The importance of paying attention to improving productivity in different departments of health system become increasingly evident due to increased costs of health care goods and services, limited resources and production facilities. The aim of this study was to measure the productivity of medical records departments of hospitals affiliated with Urmia University of Medical Sciences (UUMS) in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of their performance.Method: In this study, total productivity and total factor productivity changes of medical record department in hospitals affiliated with UUMS were calculated by Kendrick-Creamer and Malmquist indexes in 2016-2020 and has examined the trend of each One of them.Results: The results of Malmquist index showed that average total productivity changes of medical record departments of hospitals during the study period was equal to 1,096 which is greater than one, therefore it can be concluded that productivity has decreased by about 9.6% during the study period; Technological efficiency changes has had the greatest impact on reducing productivity compared to other factors. Conclusion: The main cause for decreased productivity due to technological changes in the studied departments is the lack of sufficient knowledge of the medical record department staff of hospitals in the use of technology and equipment in providing services correctly and holding training courses for the correct use of technology by personnel can be useful in this regard.
Formal description of HOrBAC model
Authors: Quimatio Martin Benoît Azanguezet , FIDELE TSOGNONG , Nkenlifack Marcellin Julius 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Companies' information systems are regularly exposed to internal attacks perpetrated by users who have been granted access to the system. Discretionary, mandatory, role-based and organization-based access control models do not guarantee optimal protection against these attacks because these models trust in users. Therefore, they are unable to protect the system against attacks carried out by authenticated users, especially the super user who can carry out any type of internal attack on information system's data. The objective of this paper is to propose a model that excludes any trust in users. To do so, our model extends the OrBAC (Organization Based Access Control) model by integrating two concepts: the organizational hierarchy and the redundant authentication. The model thus implemented offers a hierarchical and redundant access control to data and processing in an information system based on zero trust in users.
Power Management in Solar PV - Microhydro Hybrid System Using Power Angle Control Strategy with Syncronverter
Authors: Neupane Deependra , Gurung Samundra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The most crucial control challenge in the hybrid-system is the frequency stability, especially when they are in the face of load-generation imbalance and numerous uncertainties. In this paper, the Syncronverter (SV) based on a micro hydropower System (MHPS) is proposed to handle the intermittent power output of Solar Photo-voltaic (SPV). The standalone microgrid is modeled in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The power control form SV is performed using Power Angle Control(PAC) method. Several case studies are performed, and the simulation results show the dynamics of appropriate sharing of power for both the linear and nonlinear loads by the hybrid system. Both the frequency and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of load voltage kept within the standard limits. The application of SV shows a quick and smooth synchronization with micro-hydro. The change in irradiance level has been appropriately managed by power-sharing with micro-hydro to save the system from frequency imbalance during low light conditions. The power has been shared by providing an appropriate load angle between sources based on the irradiance level available at the time. Moreover, the dynamic response of voltage, power, and frequency of the system due to the induction motor load has also been studied.
Canine Hepatic Calodiosis with Cirrhosis
Authors: Senthilnayagam Hemalatha , pukkarandi Sumathi , Senthilnayagam Hemalatha , K Nagarajan , Mahalingam Vidhya , Chirukandoth Sreekumar , Venkata Sudhakara Rao Ganne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Parasitic zoonoses from dogs are less frequent although dogs are reservoirs for many zoonotic parasites. The nematode parasite Calodium hepaticum (Capillaria hepatica) has a global distribution and is commonly reported in rodents (definitive host), dogs, cats and wild animals. Humans especially children are more susceptible to the parasitic infection. This paper documents an incidental finding of hepatic calodiosis with cirrhosis in a stray dog and discusses the zoonotic implications. A nondescript dog was brought for necropsy examination to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu, India. Liver appeared dark brown mottled with multifocal random variably sized, grey white flat firm areas. Histopathologically, liver tissue revealed multiple random encysted large collection of eggs surrounded by mild inflammation with a few lymphocytes, macrophages and fine fibrosis. The eggs had characteristic barrel shape, bipolar ends, bilayered wall, cross striations between the walls, and yolk. Periodic acid Schiff stain demonstrated the glycolic wall of ova. Marked portal to portal fibrosis was demonstrated for collagen by Masson’s trichrome and for reticulin by Warthin-Starry stains. The stage of parasitic infection was diagnosed as intermediate to chronic due to fibrosis. A need to study the prevalence of the disease in human and animals and attempts for early diagnosis is emphasized. A caution in general about the zoonotic threat to children/pet parents/ veterinarians/animal handlers caused by C. hepaticum infection which is poorly diagnosed and sporadically reported in India and worldwide.
Non-invasive sampling of water-borne hormones demonstrates individual consistency of the cortisol response to stress in laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Midttun H. L.E. , Overli O. , Tudorache C. , Mayer Ian , Johansen I. B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) stress hormones are well-known for their impact on phenotypic traits ranging from immune function to behaviour and cognition. For that reason, consistent aspects of an individual’s physiological stress response (i.e. GC responsiveness) can predict major elements of life-history trajectory. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerge as a promising model to study such consistent trait correlations, including the development of individual stress coping styles, i.e. consistent associations between physiological and behavioral traits. However, consistency in GC responsiveness of this popular animal model remains to be confirmed. Such a study has so far been hampered by the small-bodied nature and insufficient blood volume of this species to provide repeated measurements of circulating GCs. Here, we developed a technique that allows for repeated, non-invasive sampling of individual zebrafish by quantifying GCs from holding water. Our findings indicate consistency of the magnitude of post-stress GC production over several consecutive stress events in zebrafish and that water-borne GCs accurately reflect individually consistent variation in GC responsiveness in this species.
Suitability of Rose Bengal sodium salt staining for visualisation of face mask contamination by living organisms
Authors: Kisielinski Kai , Wojtasik Barbara 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Unworn masks and masks provided to us after having been worn conformable to law (mandatory wearing of masks) served as test objects. In order to identify the distribution of living microorganisms on the surface of a mask dependent on exposure time and distance from the human face we conducted a staining study using the bengal rose method. The regular deposition of living microorganisms on artificial mask surfaces was more intense in the areas close to the mouth and nose. A time dependent accumulation was larger on the inside in comparison to the outside of the mask, even if the mask was not worn but only left in the room. The most interesting finding was the ability of microorganisms to penetrate all layers of the mask. We therefore conclude that masks are a suitable substrate for the cultivation of germs, even when not worn. Colonisation increases with human use and with time.
Prognostic Factors And Survival Of Patients With Uterine Sarcoma A German Unicenter Analysis
Authors: Huss Alexandra , Klar Maximilian , Hasanov Mir Fuad , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Bossart Michaela 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Uterine sarcoma (US) as a histologically heterogeneous group of tumors is rare and associated with poor prognosis. Prognostic factors based on systematic data collection need to be identified to optimize patients’ treatment.Methods: This unicenter, retrospective cohort study includes 57 patients treated at the University Hospital Freiburg, Germany between 1999 and 2017. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated and visualized in Kaplan-Meier curves. Prognostic factors were identified using log-rank test and Cox-regression.Results: 44 Leiomyosarcoma (LMS), seven low grade-endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), four high grade-ESS and two undifferentiated US patients were identified. The median age at time of diagnosis was 51.0 years (range 18‑83). The median follow-up time was 35 months. PFS for the total cohort was 14.0 (95%-Confidence-Interval (CI) 9.7-18.3) and OS 36.0 months (95%-CI 22.1‑49.9). Tumor pathology was prognostically significant for OS with LG-ESS being the most favorable (mean OS 150.3 months). In the multivariate analysis, patients over 52 years showed a four times higher risk for tumor recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 4.4; 95%-CI 1.5-12.9). Progesterone receptor negativity was associated with a two times higher risk for death (HR 2.8; 95 %-CI 1.0-7.5). For LMS patients age ≥ 52 years (p=0.04), clear surgical margins (p=0.01), FIGO stage (p=0.01) and no application of chemotherapy (p=0.02) were statistically significant factors for OS.Conclusion: Tumor histology, age at time of diagnosis and progesterone receptor status were prognostic factors for US. Unfavorable OS in LMS patients was associated with advanced FIGO stage, suboptimal cytoreduction and application of chemotherapy.
Prevalence of Migraine in Medical Students of Dubai Medical College, UAE
Authors: Sandozi Tasneem , Iqbal Hana , Salman Maryam Haitham 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim: To assess the prevalence of migraine in students at Dubai Medical College, UAE. Material Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was undertaken for three months between December 2020 and February 2021, in Dubai Medical College for Girls, UAE. Results: The students from the first to the final year of MBBS participated in the study. (n=147) Thirty seven percent of the students from this sample size are giving a history of migraine. Family history of migraine is noted in forty five percent of students from this sub-group. The duration of migraine history is between one to five years in nearly sixty two percent of them with a duration of one to five hours and occurring at a frequency of one episode per week in the maximum number of students with a history of migraine. Fifty eight percent of the students experienced an aura preceding the migraine attack, while forty-two percent of the students had no preceding aura. Lack of sleep, examination and physical stress and psychological factors (anxiety, depression, anger) constituted the main triggering factors for the migraine attacks. Conversely, adequate sleep, rest medication (analgesics) and coffee were the salient relieving factors. The students were suffering from mild to moderately severe migraine predominantly, while not many of them had severe migraine. Associated illness in the form of anxiety, allergic rhinitis and polycystic ovarian disease was noted in some of the students with migraine. Medical advice for the migraine was obtained by a very small number of the students. Conclusion: Headache of migraine can have a detrimental effect on a student’s life both personally and professionally. Measures avoiding triggering factors, prophylactic drug treatment and launching of migraine awareness programs at high school levels would all be greatly beneficial in alleviating the student’s headache and halting its progress to a chronic illness; thereby influencing a student’s quality of life remarkably
New Glulam-Framed Shear Wall Concept with Enhanced Behaviour Characteristics for Tall Timber Buildings in Seismic Areas.
Authors: Carrero Tulio , Montaño Jairo , Perez Luis , Doudak Ghasan , María Hernán Santa , Guindos Pablo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This investigation covers the lateral performance of a new concept of hybrid timber shear wall, and includes individual connection testing, full-scale shear wall testing and numerical modeling. The main objective of this study is to develop enhanced timber structural solutions that facilitates the design and construction of mid-rise timber buildings in areas with high seismic demand. The new shear wall concept involves structural configurations similar to those found in conventional light-framed timber shear wall, but using glulam members as framing elements, connected to OSB sheathing panels using conventional nails. More specifically, the OSB sheathing is embedded within grooved glulam members in order to enhance the lateral capacity and stiffness of the wall. Connections and full-scale monotonic and cyclic shear wall testing were performed, and the results indicated that it is possible to obtain a high performing timber shear wall with the proposed concept. In particular, the obtained values are promising with strength and stiffness levels that are 3 times that of a conventional CLT shear wall. Furthermore, the proposed prototype comprises 0,89 m3 of wood volume, which represents less than one-fourth of the amount of wood in a CLT shear wall of equivalent lateral capacity. In addition, the ductility obtained for the proposed concept can be classified as high ductility class (HDC) according to the Eurocode 8. It is expected that the ductility may be further improved by limiting potential brittle failure observed in of one of the framing members at high displacement levels. Finally, it was found that available modelling tools with hysteretic models, such as the MSTEW, is capable of predicting the lateral strength and stiffness of the proposed concept, since modeling errors below 10% were obtained.