bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Photodynamic Eradication of Tooth Biofilm and Tooth Whitening with an Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogen
Authors: Gu Meijia , Jiang Susu , Xu Xiaoyu , Wu Ming‐Yu , Chen Chao , Yuan Yuncong , Chen Qingrong , Sun Yidan , Chen Luojia , Shen Chao , Guo Peng , Liu Shujie , Zhao Engui , Chen Shi , Chen Sijie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDental caries is among the most prevalent dental diseases globally, which arises from the formation of microbial biofilm on teeth. Besides, tooth whitening represents one of the fastest‐growing areas of cosmetic dentistry. It will thus be great if tooth biofilm eradication can be combined with tooth whitening. Herein, a highly efficient photodynamic dental therapy strategy is reported for tooth biofilm eradication and tooth discoloration by employing a photosensitizer (DTTPB) with aggregation‐induced emission characteristics. DTTPB can efficiently inactivate S. mutans, and inhibit biofilm formation by suppressing the expression of genes associated with extracellular polymeric substance synthesis, bacterial adhesion, and superoxide reduction. Its inhibition performance can be further enhanced through combined treatment with chlorhexidine. Besides, DTTPB exhibits an excellent tooth‐discoloration effect on both colored saliva‐coated hydroxyapatite and clinical teeth, with short treatment time (less than 1 h), better tooth‐whitening performance than 30% hydrogen peroxide, and almost no damage to the teeth. DTTPB also demonstrates excellent biocompatibility with neglectable hemolysis effect on mouse red blood cells and almost no killing effect on mammalian cells, which enables its potential applications for simultaneous tooth biofilm eradication and tooth whitening in clinical dentistry.
Balancing Microthrombosis and Inflammation via Injectable Protein Hydrogel for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Hong Liwen , Chen Gaoxian , Cai Zhengwei , Liu Hua , Zhang Chen , Wang Fei , Xiao Zeyu , Zhong Jie , Wang Lei , Wang Zhengting , Cui Wenguo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that a vicious cycle between inflammation and microthrombosis catalyzes the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Over‐stimulated inflammation triggers a coagulation cascade and leads to microthrombosis, which further complicates the injury through tissue hypoxia and ischemia. Herein, an injectable protein hydrogel with anti‐thrombosis and anti‐inflammation competency is developed to impede this cycle, cross‐linked by silver ion mediated metal‐ligand coordination and electronic interaction with sulfhydryl functionalized bovine serum albumin and heparin, respectively. The ex vivo experiments show that the hydrogel, HEP‐Ag‐BSA, exhibits excellent self‐healing ability, injectability, biocompatibility, and sustained drug release. HEP‐Ag‐BSA also demonstrates anti‐coagulation and anti‐inflammation abilities via coagulation analysis and lipopolysaccharide stimulation assay. The in vivo imaging confirms the longer retention time of HEP‐Ag‐BSA at inflammatory sites than in normal mucosa owing to electrostatic interactions. The in vivo study applying a mouse model with colitis also reveals that HEP‐Ag‐BSA can robustly inhibit inflammatory microthrombosis with reduced bleeding risk. This versatile protein hydrogel platform can definitively hinder the “inflammation and microthrombosis” cycle, providing a novel integrated approach against IBD.
Integrated High‐Throughput and Machine Learning Methods to Accelerate Discovery of Molten Salt Corrosion‐Resistant Alloys
Authors: Wang Yafei , Goh Bonita , Nelaturu Phalgun , Duong Thien , Hassan Najlaa , David Raphaelle , Moorehead Michael , Chaudhuri Santanu , Creuziger Adam , Hattrick‐Simpers Jason , Thoma Dan J. , Sridharan Kumar , Couet Adrien 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInsufficient availability of molten salt corrosion‐resistant alloys severely limits the fruition of a variety of promising molten salt technologies that could otherwise have significant societal impacts. To accelerate alloy development for molten salt applications and develop fundamental understanding of corrosion in these environments, here an integrated approach is presented using a set of high‐throughput (HTP) alloy synthesis, corrosion testing, and modeling coupled with automated characterization and machine learning. By using this approach, a broad range of CrFeMnNi alloys are evaluated for their corrosion resistances in molten salt simultaneously demonstrating that corrosion‐resistant alloy development can be accelerated by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. Based on the obtained results, a sacrificial protection mechanism is unveiled in the corrosion of CrFeMnNi alloys in molten salts which can be applied to protect the less unstable elements in the alloy from being depleted, and provided new insights on the design of high‐temperature molten salt corrosion‐resistant alloys.
Reducing Postoperative Recurrence of Early‐Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma by a Wound‐Targeted Nanodrug
Authors: li Bozhao , Zhang Xiuping , Wu Zhouliang , Chu Tianjiao , Yang Zhenlin , Xu Shuai , Wu Suying , Qie Yunkai , Lu Zefang , Qi Feilong , Hu Minggen , Zhao Guodong , Wei Jingyan , Zhao Yuliang , Nie Guangjun , Meng Huan , Liu Rong , Li Suping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNew strategies to decrease risk of relapse after surgery are needed for improving 5‐year survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To address this need, a wound‐targeted nanodrug is developed, that contains an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti‐PD‐L1)and an angiogenesis inhibitor (sorafenib)). These nanoparticles consist of highly biocompatible mesoporous silica (MSNP) that is surface‐coated with platelet membrane (PM) to achieve surgical site targeting in a self‐amplified accumulation manner. Sorafenib is introduced into the MSNP pores while covalently attaching anti‐PD‐L1 antibody on the PM surface. The resulting nano‐formulation, abbreviated as a‐PM‐S‐MSNP, can effectively target the surgical margin when intraperitoneally (IP) administered into an immune competent murine orthotopic HCC model. Multiple administrations of a‐PM‐S‐MSNP generate potent anti‐HCC effect and significantly prolong overall mice survival. Immunophenotyping and immunochemistry staining reveal the signatures of favorable anti‐HCC immunity and anti‐angiogenesis effect at tumor sites. More importantly, microscopic inspection of a‐PM‐S‐MSNP treated mice shows that 2 out 6 are histologically tumor‐free, which is in sharp contrast to the control mice where tumor foci can be easily identified. The data suggest that a‐PM‐S‐MSNP can efficiently inhibit post‐surgical HCC relapse without obvious side effects and holds considerable promise for clinical translation as a novel nanodrug.
Hepatic MDM2 Causes Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Blocking Triglyceride‐VLDL Secretion via ApoB Degradation
Authors: Lin Huige , Wang Lin , Liu Zhuohao , Long Kekao , Kong Mengjie , Ye Dewei , Chen Xi , Wang Kai , Wu Kelvin KL , Fan Mengqi , Song Erfei , Wang Cunchuan , Hoo Ruby LC , Hui Xiaoyan , Hallenborg Philip , Piao Hailong , Xu Aimin , Cheng Kenneth KY 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDysfunctional triglyceride‐very low‐density lipoprotein (TG‐VLDL) metabolism is linked to metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD); however, the underlying cause remains unclear. The study shows that hepatic E3 ubiquitin ligase murine double minute 2 (MDM2) controls MAFLD by blocking TG‐VLDL secretion. A remarkable upregulation of MDM2 is observed in the livers of human and mouse models with different levels of severity of MAFLD. Hepatocyte‐specific deletion of MDM2 protects against high‐fat high‐cholesterol diet‐induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, accompanied by a significant elevation in TG‐VLDL secretion. As an E3 ubiquitin ligase, MDM2 targets apolipoprotein B (ApoB) for proteasomal degradation through direct protein–protein interaction, which leads to reduced TG‐VLDL secretion in hepatocytes. Pharmacological blockage of the MDM2‐ApoB interaction alleviates dietary‐induced hepatic steatohepatitis and fibrosis by inducing hepatic ApoB expression and subsequent TG‐VLDL secretion. The effect of MDM2 on VLDL metabolism is p53‐independent. Collectively, these findings suggest that MDM2 acts as a negative regulator of hepatic ApoB levels and TG‐VLDL secretion in MAFLD. Inhibition of the MDM2‐ApoB interaction may represent a potential therapeutic approach for MAFLD treatment.
Green Tea Catechins, (−)‐Catechin Gallate, and (−)‐Gallocatechin Gallate are Potent Inhibitors of ABA‐Induced Stomatal Closure
Authors: Sato Kanane , Saito Shunya , Endo Kohsuke , Kono Masaru , Kakei Taishin , Taketa Haruka , Kato Megumi , Hamamoto Shin , Grenzi Matteo , Costa Alex , Munemasa Shintaro , Murata Yoshiyuki , Ishimaru Yasuhiro , Uozumi Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStomatal movement is indispensable for plant growth and survival in response to environmental stimuli. Cytosolic Ca2+ elevation plays a crucial role in ABA‐induced stomatal closure during drought stress; however, to what extent the Ca2+ movement across the plasma membrane from the apoplast to the cytosol contributes to this process still needs clarification. Here the authors identify (−)‐catechin gallate (CG) and (−)‐gallocatechin gallate (GCG), components of green tea, as inhibitors of voltage‐dependent K+ channels which regulate K+ fluxes in Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells. In Arabidopsis guard cells CG/GCG prevent ABA‐induced: i) membrane depolarization; ii) activation of Ca2+ permeable cation (ICa) channels; and iii) cytosolic Ca2+ transients. In whole Arabidopsis plants co‐treatment with CG/GCG and ABA suppressed ABA‐induced stomatal closure and surface temperature increase. Similar to ABA, CG/GCG inhibited stomatal closure is elicited by the elicitor peptide, flg22 but has no impact on dark‐induced stomatal closure or light‐ and fusicoccin‐induced stomatal opening, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of CG/GCG is associated with Ca2+‐related signaling pathways. This study further supports the crucial role of ICa channels of the plasma membrane in ABA‐induced stomatal closure. Moreover, CG and GCG represent a new tool for the study of abiotic or biotic stress‐induced signal transduction pathways.
Rationally Designed Sodium Chromium Vanadium Phosphate Cathodes with Multi‐Electron Reaction for Fast‐Charging Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Yulun , Xu Zhenming , Li Huangxu , Xu Ming , Li Jianwei , Dai Yuhang , Zong Wei , Chen Ruwei , He Liang , Zhang Zhian , Brett Dan J. L. , He Guanjie , Lai Yanqing , Parkin Ivan P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSodium super‐ionic conductor (NASICON)‐structured phosphates are emerging as rising stars as cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries. However, they usually suffer from a relatively low capacity due to the limited activated redox couples and low intrinsic electronic conductivity. Herein, a reduced graphene oxide supported NASICON Na3Cr0.5V1.5(PO4)3 cathode (VC/C‐G) is designed, which displays ultrafast (up to 50 C) and ultrastable (1 000 cycles at 20 C) Na+ storage properties. The VC/C‐G can reach a high energy density of ≈470 W h kg−1 at 0.2 C with a specific capacity of 176 mAh g−1 (equivalent to the theoretical value); this corresponds to a three‐electron transfer reaction based on fully activated V5+/V4+, V4+/V3+, V3+/V2+ couples. In situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results disclose a combination of solid‐solution reaction and biphasic reaction mechanisms upon cycling. Density functional theory calculations reveal a narrow forbidden‐band gap of 1.41 eV and a low Na+ diffusion energy barrier of 0.194 eV. Furthermore, VC/C‐G shows excellent fast‐charging performance by only taking ≈11 min to reach 80% state of charge. The work provides a widely applicable strategy for realizing multi‐electron cathode design for high‐performance SIBs.
Mesothelioma in situ with regressive malignant pleural effusion and an unexpected evolution: A case report
Authors: Almeida Gustavo C. de  , Santos Ubiratan de P. , Parente Yuri de D. M. , Colares Philippe de F. B. , Mizutani Rafael F. , Bernardi Fabíola del C. , Terra Ricardo M. , Terra‐Filho Mario 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive neoplasm that originates from hyperplasia and metaplasia of the mesothelial cells that cover the pleural cavity. Previous exposure to asbestos is the main risk factor. Since MPM is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with rapid evolution and resistance to treatment, it is associated with an unfavorable outcome. Mesothelioma in situ (MIS) has been postulated as a preinvasive phase of MPM; however, its diagnostic criteria have been defined only recently. Diagnosis of MIS may represent an opportunity for early therapies with better results, but the optimal approach has not been defined thus far. Here, we report on a case of a 74‐year‐old man with right‐sided pleural effusion and a previous history of occupational exposure to asbestos for 9 years who was diagnosed with MIS after a latency of 36 years. During follow‐up, spontaneous disease regression was observed 5 months after the initial diagnosis; however, it recurred in the form of invasive epithelioid MPM. There is a paucity of literature on MIS and its evolution; however, our case provides relevant knowledge of this unusual behavior, which is important to define follow‐up and therapeutic strategies for future cases.
Unlocking New Reactivities in Enzymes by Iminium Catalysis
Authors: Xu Guangcai , Poelarends Gerrit J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe application of biocatalysis in conquering challenging synthesis requires the constant input of new enzymes. Developing novel biocatalysts by absorbing catalysis modes from synthetic chemistry has yielded fruitful new‐to‐nature enzymes. Organocatalysis was originally bio‐inspired and has become the third pillar of asymmetric catalysis. Transferring organocatalytic reactions back to enzyme platforms is a promising approach for biocatalyst creation. Herein, we summarize recent developments in the design of novel biocatalysts that adopt iminium catalysis, a fundamental branch in organocatalysis. By repurposing existing enzymes or constructing artificial enzymes, various biocatalysts for iminium catalysis have been created and optimized via protein engineering to promote valuable abiological transformations. Recent advances in iminium biocatalysis illustrate the power of combining chemomimetic biocatalyst design and directed evolution to generate useful new‐to‐nature enzymes.
4‐Aminothiophenol Photodimerization Without Plasmons**
Authors: Alessandri Ivano 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe photodimerization of 4‐aminothiophenol (PATP) into 4,4′‐dimercaptobenzene (DMAB) has been extensively utilized as a paradigm reaction to probe the role of surface plasmons in nanoparticle‐mediated light‐driven processes. Here I report the first observation of the PATP‐to‐DMAB photoreaction in the absence of any plasmonic mediators. The reaction was observed to occur with different kinetics either for PATP adsorbed on non‐plasmonic nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, SiO2) or deposited as macroscopic droplets. Confocal microRaman spectroscopy enabled to investigate the reaction progress in different plasmon‐free contexts, either aerobic or anaerobic, suggesting a new interpretation of the photodimerization process, based on direct laser‐induced activation of singlet oxygen species. These results provide new insights in light‐driven redox processes, elucidating the role of sample morphology, light and oxygen.
A Biodegradable Iridium(III) Coordination Polymer for Enhanced Two‐Photon Photodynamic Therapy Using an Apoptosis–Ferroptosis Hybrid Pathway
Authors: Ke Libing , Wei Fangmian , Xie Lina , Karges Johannes , Chen Yu , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe clinical application of photodynamic therapy is hindered by the high glutathione concentration, poor cancer‐targeting properties, poor drug loading into delivery systems, and an inefficient activation of the cell death machinery in cancer cells. To overcome these limitations, herein, the formulation of a promising IrIII complex into a biodegradable coordination polymer (IrS NPs) is presented. The nanoparticles were found to remain stable under physiological conditions but deplete glutathione and disintegrate into the monomeric metal complexes in the tumor microenvironment, causing an enhanced therapeutic effect. The nanoparticles were found to selectively accumulate in the mitochondria where these trigger cell death by hybrid apoptosis and ferroptosis pathways through the photoinduced production of singlet oxygen and superoxide anion radicals. This study presents the first example of a coordination polymer that can efficiently cause cancer cell death by apoptosis and ferroptosis upon irradiation, providing an innovative approach for cancer therapy.
Photo‐Induced Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Double Remote C(sp2)−H / C(sp3)−H Functionalizations by Radical Relay
Authors: Wang Yulei , Chen Shan , Chen Xinran , Zangarelli Agnese , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDistal C(sp2)−H and C(sp3)−H functionalizations have recently emerged as step‐economical tools for molecular synthesis. However, while the C(sp2)−C(sp3) construction is of fundamental importance, its formation through double remote C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H activation has proven elusive. By merging the ruthenium‐catalyzed meta‐C(sp2)−H functionalization with an aliphatic hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process, we, herein, describe the catalyzed twofold remote C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H functionalizations via photo‐induced ruthenium‐mediated radical relay. Thus, meta‐C(sp2)−H arene bonds and remote C(sp3)−H alkane bonds were activated by a single catalyst in a single operation. This process was accomplished at room temperature by visible light—notably without exogenous photocatalysts. Experimental and computational theory studies uncovered a manifold comprising ortho‐C−H activation, single‐electron‐transfer (SET), 1,n‐HAT (n=5–7) and σ‐activation by means of a single ruthenium(II) catalyst.
LC–MS Reveals Isomeric Inhibition of Proteolysis by Lysosomal Cathepsins
Authors: Pandey Gaurav , Julian Ryan R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDefects in autophagy are implicated in many age‐related diseases that cause neurodegeneration including both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Within autophagy, the lysosome plays a crucial role by enabling the breakdown and recycling of a wide range of biomolecular species. Herein, the effects of isomerization of aspartic acid (Asp) on substrate recognition and degradation are investigated for a collection of lysosomal cathepsins using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. By examining a series of synthetic peptides with sequences derived from long‐lived proteins known to undergo Asp isomerization, we demonstrate that isomerized forms of Asp significantly perturb cathepsin activity by impeding digestion and shifting preferential sites of proteolysis. Although the sensitivity to isomerization varies for each cathepsin, none of the cathepsins were capable of digesting sites within several residues of the C‐terminal side of the isomerized Asp. Under physiological conditions, the peptide fragments left behind after such incomplete digestion would not be suitable substrates for transporter recognition and could precipitate autophagic malfunction in the form of lysosomal storage.
Broadband microwave absorbing materials for green electronics based on poly (lactic acid)/ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer blends loaded with carbon nanotube
Authors: Lopes Pereira Elaine C. , Fernandes Maria Eduarda , Santos Juliana , Calheiros Loan F. , Silva Adriana A. , Soares Bluma G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPartially bio‐based conducting polymer nanocomposites constituted by poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate (EVA) (50:50 wt%) blend loaded with different amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared for developing microwave absorbing materials. The effect of EVA characteristics and the mixing conditions on the electrical conductivity was investigated. The higher conductivity value was achieved using PLA@CNT master batch and EVA with 28% of VA. In fact, this system presented electrical percolation threshold of 7 × 10−4 volume fraction and a conductivity value of 3 × 10−3 S/m with the addition of 0.9 wt% (0.58 vol%) of CNT. A minimum reflection loss of −29 dB (electromagnetic (EM) attenuation of around 99.9%) at 11.7 GHz and the bandwidth (<−10 dB) of 4.9 GHz was observed with the presence of 0.58 vol% of CNT, whereas RL value of around −39.4 dB (EM attenuation of around 99.99%) at 14.7 GHz and a bandwidth of 4.6 GHz was observed for the composite loaded with 0.25 vol% of CNT. Due to the outstanding microwave absorption properties and wide absorption bandwidth with low amount of CNT, these composites are promising candidates for flexible materials suitable for shielding electronic devices in a wide frequency range.
Biomolecule‐based hydrogels containing electrospun fiber mats with enhanced mechanical properties and biological activity
Authors: de Souza Sarah O. L. , de Oliveira Sérgio M. , Silva Luciana M. , Oréfice Rodrigo L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhotopolymerizable hydrogels based on methacryloyl gelatin (GeIMA) have potential for biomedical applications, due to their high processability, biological activity, and possibility of cell encapsulation. However, biomolecule‐based hydrogels have often poor mechanical properties that limit their application. In this work, we prepared hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties and biological activity by incorporating mats of electrospun polycaprolactone fibers containing GeIMA in GelMA hydrogels. These GelMA hydrogels with electrospun fiber mats were prepared by photopolymerizing either a blend of chopped fiber mats and GelMA or stacking electrospun fiber mats impregnated with GelMA. Cell encapsulation, viability and proliferation were also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy images showed pore walls of lyophilized hydrogels decorated with chopped fiber mats. Mechanical properties of hydrogels containing stacks of electrospun fiber mats were much higher than pure hydrogels. Encapsulated cells within hydrogels were observed to grow faster than in hydrogels with no fiber mats, as an indication that the extracellular matrix‐like texture of the fiber mats within the hydrogels can enhance the biological activity of the materials. The overall results revealed that the tested approaches to prepare hydrogels with electrospun fiber mats can expand the usage of biomolecule‐based hydrogels in biomedical applications.
Synergistic Strengthening in Graphene Oxide and Oxidized Single‐walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Material for use as Electrolytes in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Atiqur Rahman Mohammad , Nahar Rabin Nurun , Islam Saidul , Fukuda Mashahiro , Yagyu Juny , Feng Zhiqing , Sekine Yoshihiro , Lindoy Leonard F , Ohyama Junya , Hayami Shinya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we report an efficient proton exchange membrane formed from a synergistic combination of graphene oxide (GO) and oxidized single‐walled carbon nanotube (CNTOX) by the freeze‐drying route that gives rise to enhanced fuel cell power density. At 25 °C and 100% relative humidity (RH), the 3DGO‐CNTOX hybrid shows remarkably high out‐of‐plane and in‐plane proton conductivities of 6.64×10−2and 5.08 S cm−1, respectively. Additionally, the measured performance using prepared films as proton conduction membranes in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) exhibited a peak power density of 117.21 mW cm−2. The high performance of these films can be ascribed to the freeze‐dried‐driven structural morphology of 3DGO‐CNTOX that facilitates higher water retention capacity as well as the synergistic strengthening effect between GO and CNTOX with a highly interconnected proton conduction network. The current results imply that the new 3DGO‐CNTOX hybrid material has potential for wide application as a proton exchange membrane.