bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex Vivo Modeling of the PC (Protein C) Pathway Using Endothelial Cells and Plasma: A Personalized Approach
Authors: Schwarz Nadine , Müller Jens , Yadegari Hamideh , McRae Hannah L. , Reda Sara , Hamedani Nasim Shahidi , Oldenburg Johannes , Pötzsch Bernd , Rühl Heiko 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The endothelial cell–dependent PC (protein C) pathway is critically involved in the regulation of coagulation, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective signaling. Its reactivity shows high interindividual variability, and it contributes to prothrombotic disorders, such as the FVL (factor V Leiden) mutation.

Methods:
Endothelial colony–forming cells (ECFCs) were isolated from heparinized peripheral blood from healthy individuals and FVL carriers. Confluent monolayers of ECFCs were overlaid with plasma, and thrombin formation was initiated by addition of tissue factor (1 pmol/L). Subsequently, thrombin and APC (activated PC) formation rates were measured over time using oligonucleotide-based enzyme capture assays. To induce downregulation of TM (thrombomodulin) expression, ECFCs were stimulated with IL-1β (interleukin 1β). In vivo APC response rates were monitored in study participants after infusion of low-dose rFVIIa (recombinant activated factor VII).

Results:

The median peak APC concentration was 1.12 nmol/L in experiments with IL-1β stimulated ECFCs and 3.66 nmol/L without IL-1β. Although thrombin formation rates were comparable, APC formation rates were significantly higher in FVL carriers (n=6) compared to noncarriers (n=5) as evidenced by a higher ratio between the area under the curve of APC generation to the area under the curve of thrombin generation (median 0.090 versus 0.031,
P
=0.017). These ex vivo results were correlated with an increased APC response to rFVIIa-induced thrombin formation in FVL carriers in vivo.

Conclusions:
Patient-specific ex vivo modeling of the PC pathway was achieved using blood-derived ECFCs. The correlation between in and ex vivo APC response rates confirms that the autologous PC model accurately depicts the in vivo situation.
Respiratory Microbiome Profile of Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Associated With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Wang Ting , Xing Yue , Peng Bingming , Yang Kai , Zhang Chenting , Chen Yuqin , Geng Gang , Li Qubei , Fu Jian , Li Mi , Luo Zhengxiu , Fu Zhou , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of PH in pediatric patients. The airway microbiome profile in CHD-PH patients remains rarely studied.

Methods:

A total of 158 children were recruited for collection of oropharyngeal swabs to sequence the
16S
ribosomal RNA (
16S
rRNA) V3-V4 region of respiratory microbiome, to establish a correlation between these bacterial groups and echocardiography indicators in CHD-PH patients.

Results:

Bacterial α- and β-diversity of the airway microbiome indicated a significantly lower richness in the CHD-PH group and compositional differences associated with the specific taxa and their relative abundances in the upper respiratory tract. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the pharynx microbiota composition in the CHD-PH group varied from that in the CHD or control group. The linear discriminant analysis effect size also highlighted an increased presence of
Streptococcus
and
Rothia
in pediatric CHD-PH patients. Comparison of microbial composition between pediatric and adult PH patients showed significant differences and separation of microbiota. The correlation between bacterial abundance and transthoracic echocardiography indexes in CHD-associated PH indicated that different groups of microbiomes may be related to different PH grades.

Conclusions:
In summary, our study reported the systematic definition and divergent profile of the upper respiratory tract microbiota in pediatric PH patients, CHD and reference subjects, as well as between pediatric and adult PH patients.
Food Evaluation in Augmented Reality Environments: Can AR Affect Behavioral and Psychophysiological Responses?
Authors: Risso Paola , Sansone Martina , Gallace Alberto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study investigates the role of virtual contextual information, including affective information, in gustatory perception of crisps (fried potato chips). In a first preliminary experiment, we evaluated the association among three augmented reality (AR) animations (a pear-like character jumping a rope, a black-and-white cartoon character, a Venus flytrap carnivorous plant) and a different series of feelings and emotional states (i.e., cheerfulness, sadness, anger, aggressiveness, fear, anxiety, disgust, surprise, shame, tiredness, boredom). In a second experiment, the participants evaluated the gustatory perception of three different kinds of chips on several dimensions (e.g., pleasantness, crispiness, healthiness, purchase intention) by using visual analog scales. The chips were presented within an AR environment where the animations evaluated in Experiment 1 were placed close to the serving plate. The results of our study demonstrated that the chips tasted with the pear-like character animation (categorized as cheerful in Experiment 1) were judged as healthier than those tasted with black-and-white (i.e., sad) and Venus flytrap character animations (i.e., aggressive). Moreover, people's purchase intentions were higher with the pear-like character animation, as compared with the black-and-white character animation. These results showed that the context created by AR can affect participants’ food perception across several dimensions.
Compound Heat Wave, Drought, and Dust Events in California
Authors: Pu Bing , Jin Qinjian , Ginoux Paul , Yu Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
California is one of the nation’s top agriculture producers and is vulnerable to extreme events such as droughts and heat waves. Concurrent extreme events may further stress water and energy resources, exerting greater adverse socioeconomic, environmental, and health impacts than individual events. Here we examine the features of compound drought, heat wave, and dust events in California during spring and summer. From 2003 to 2020, 16 compound events are found in warm seasons, with a mean duration of ∼4 days. Compound events are characterized by enhanced surface temperature up to 4.5°C over northern and western California, reduced soil moisture and vegetation density, and an increase in dust optical depth (DOD) by 0.05–0.1 over central and southern California. The enhanced DOD is largely associated with severe vegetation dieback that favors dust emissions and southeasterly wind anomalies that support northward transport of dust from source regions in southern California. Surface fine dust and PM2.5 concentrations also increase by more than 0.5 and 5 μg m−3, respectively, during compound events associated with both enhanced dust emissions and a relatively stable atmosphere that traps pollutants. The development of the compound events is related to an anomalous high over the west coast in the lower to middle troposphere, which is a pattern favoring sinking motion and dry conditions in California. The anomalous high is embedded in a wave train that develops up to 7 days before the events. In comparison with heat wave extremes alone, compound events show significantly higher DOD and lower vegetation density associated with droughts.
Distinct Responses of North Pacific and North Atlantic Summertime Subtropical Anticyclones to Global Warming
Authors: He Chao , Zhou Tianjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The subtropical North Pacific and North Atlantic are controlled by basin-scale anticyclones in boreal summer. Based on a novel metric regarding the strengths of the rotational and the divergent circulation of anticyclones, we investigated the possible future responses in the intensity of these two subtropical anticyclones to global warming. While the North Atlantic subtropical anticyclone (NASA) is projected to strengthen, the North Pacific subtropical anticyclone (NPSA) is projected to weaken, in terms of both the rotational and the divergent circulation. The distinct responses of the NPSA and NASA are corroborated by the models participating in the fifth and sixth phases of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), under both intermediate and high emission scenarios. We further investigated the possible mechanism for their distinct responses by decomposing the effect of greenhouse gas forcing into the direct effect of increased CO2 concentration and the indirect effect through sea surface temperature (SST). The intensified NASA results from the CO2 direct forcing while the weakened NPSA is dominated by the SST warming. The CO2 direct forcing enhances the NASA by increasing land–ocean thermal contrast anchored by the largest subtropical continental area, the Eurasian–African continent. Both the uniform SST warming and the change in SST pattern act to weaken the NPSA by increasing the latent heating over the subtropical North Pacific basin, as suggested by atmospheric component model simulations. The distinct responses of the NPSA and the NASA may lead to zonal asymmetry of the subtropical climate change.
Free Long-Wave Transformation in the Nearshore Zone through Partial Reflections
Authors: Contardo Stephanie , Lowe Ryan J , Dufois Francois , Hansen Jeff E , Buckley Mark , Symonds Graham 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Long waves play an important role in coastal inundation and shoreline and dune erosion, requiring a detailed understanding of their evolution in nearshore regions and interaction with shorelines. While their generation and dissipation mechanisms are relatively well understood, there are fewer studies describing how reflection processes govern their propagation in the nearshore. We propose a new approach, accounting for partial reflections, which leads to an analytical solution to the free wave linear shallow-water equations at the wave-group scale over general varying bathymetry. The approach, supported by numerical modeling, agrees with the classic Bessel standing solution for a plane sloping beach but extends the solution to arbitrary alongshore uniform bathymetry profiles and decomposes it into incoming and outgoing wave components, which are a combination of successively partially reflected waves lagging each other. The phase lags introduced by partial reflections modify the wave amplitude and explain why Green’s law, which describes the wave growth of free waves with decreasing depth, breaks down in very shallow water. This reveals that the wave amplitude at the shoreline is highly dependent on partial reflections. Consistent with laboratory and field observations, our analytical model predicts a reflection coefficient that increases and is highly correlated with the normalized bed slope (bed slope relative to wave frequency). Our approach shows that partial reflections occurring due to depth variations in the nearshore are responsible for the relationship between the normalized bed slope and the amplitude of long waves in the nearshore, with direct implications for determining long-wave amplitudes at the shoreline and wave runup.
Application of a Low-Temperature Plasma Knife to Excise a Spindle Cell Tumor of the Nasal Cavity: A Case Report
Authors: Li Hangjin , Qu Hui , Wang Jizhe 
Published: November 2022

To describe a rare case of spindle cell tumor in the nasal cavity of a young female, along with its successful surgical management using a low-temperature plasma knife. A 38-year-old female patient presented with a 6-month history of nasal blockage, hyposmia, and local tenderness. The patient denied a history of definite diagnosis or special treatment. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed the size and extent of the tumor in her nasal cavity. She underwent endoscopic surgery for the sinus using a low-temperature plasma knife. The procedure was performed without complications, and her symptoms resolved within 1 month. The postoperative pathology report suggested a spindle cell tumor in her nasal cavity. Nasal spindle cell tumor is rare and usually presents with no specific clinical symptoms, which should be taken into consideration during diagnosis. In this case, we demonstrate that the effectiveness and safety of sinus surgery can be improved and aided by a low-temperature plasma knife and nasal endoscopy.
Retrospective Data Analysis of Patients With Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma With or Without KRAS-Mutation or TTF1-Expression
Authors: Moeller Miriam , Schaedlich Florian , Schuette Wolfgang 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Patients with lung adenocarcinoma not expressing TTF1 and those with a KRAS mutation have worse prognosis. However, available data are limited and sometimes contradictory. Therefore, this retrospective cohort analysis aimed to clarify whether there was a difference in overall survival and progression-free survival between these groups of patients. Methods In total, data derived from 181 patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma treated at the Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau Hospital from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated, and associated values, such as median survival and its confidence intervals, were determined using the log-rank test. Results A benefit in overall survival (OS) (8.4 vs 5.8 months; HR, .8; 95% CI, .53-1.19; P = .267) was associated with positive TTF1 expression, but this was not statistically significant. The same trend was shown with the progressive free survival (PFS) (6.5 vs 4.6 months; HR, .76; 95% CI, .51-1.20; P = .162). In patients with a KRAS mutation, there was no difference in OS compared to those with a wildtype KRAS. The median survival was almost identical at 7.5 months ( KRAS mutation, 95% CI, 3.32-11.74) and 7.0 months ( KRAS wildtype, 95% CI, 3.59-10.41). Additionally, in PFS, there was no difference between the 2 groups (5.8 vs 6.3 months). Conclusions Our analysis did not show a worse prognosis in patients with a KRAS mutation or in those with missing TTF1 expression, which is most likely related to the new therapeutic options. As a result of the administration of immunotherapy in patients with a KRAS mutation and the change from a regimen containing pemetrexed to a regimen containing no pemetrexed, the corresponding patients no longer seem to have a worse prognosis.
Is There a Psychiatric Diagnosis in Chronic Ankle Instability Patients?
Authors: Allen John R. , Hoch Caroline P. , Scott Daniel J. , Gross Christopher E. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Ankle; Other Introduction/Purpose: Ankle instability is an extremely common clinical entity. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) can develop in some patients, leading to continued pain and dysfunction. However, there is very limited data to date on what impact common psychiatric pathology may have on patients' experience with CAI. This study aimed to investigate the association between psychiatric diagnosis and CAI, and whether having a diagnosed psychiatric illness impacts the outcome of CAI. We hypothesized that a concomitant diagnosis of psychiatric pathology with CAI would be significantly associated with lower postoperative patient- reported outcome measures (PROMs). Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 276 patients (280 ankles) treated between 2005 and 2021 at an academic medical center by one of three fellowship-trained foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons, of which 56 underwent surgery and 130 had a concomitant psychiatric diagnosis (i.e., anxiety=111, depression=105, post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]=19, obsessive- compulsive disorder [OCD]=6, bipolar disorder [BPD]=5). Data collected included demographics, conservative treatment history, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Brief Resiliency Scale (BRS), 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12), Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS-8), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Pain Disability Index (PDI), Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Results: Preoperatively, patients with these concomitant psychiatric diagnoses had worse preoperative PROMs. However, the overall cohort improved postoperatively across all PROMs. In particular, the FAOS Total score relatively increased by 35.28% (preop=57.29%, postop=77.50%, p=.011) and the FAAM Total by 49.86% (preop=45.87%, postop=68.74%, p=.027). Both improvements were significant. Of note, the relative change of pre- to postoperative FAOS and FAAM scores was greater among the mental illness group in all scores but FAOS Sports and Recreation. (Table 1) However, no postoperative PROM among the mental illness group, aside from the FAOS Symptoms and Stiffness score, was as high as the postoperative score of those without mental illness. Although patients with these psychiatric illnesses more often failed conservative measures and subsequently received surgical treatment, this was not significant. Conclusion: CAI patients with a concomitant psychiatric diagnosis improved more following surgery than those without mental illness, as measured by FAOS and FAAM scores. However, the mental illness group did not report postoperative FAOS and FAAM scores as high as those without mental illness. Furthermore, CAI patients with a concomitant mental illness more often failed conservative treatment and went on to receive surgery. Physicians should be aware of this information when counseling CAI patients with a concomitant mental illness.
Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis with Circular External Fixator: Case Report
Authors: Araujo Caio A. , Pereira Vinícius F. , Mansur Nacime SB 
Published: November 2022

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Arthroscopy; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: One of the options for the surgical treatment of tibial pilon fracture is the circular external fixator. Similar results are found in the literature, with good outcomes in relation to a low incidence of infection, osteomyelitis and soft tissue injuries compared to open reduction and internal fixation. Even so, evolution to a probable arthrodesis occurs in 3-27% of cases, showing that the prognosis for this type of fracture is dismal. Options for performing joint fusion include open arthrotomy with joint decortication and internal fixation (plates and/or screws), in addition to arthroscopic joint preparation, a method that has been gaining popularity since 1983, in its first description. Fusion through circular external fixation is an excellent option that has shown good results in the literature. Methods: Patient with left tibial pilon fracture. Uniplanar external fixation was performed in the emergency room, with subsequent conversion to transarticular circular external fixation. After 4 months of review, the patient has evidence of tibiotarsal arthrosis. It was decided to perform arthrodesis using the arthroscopic technique, performing joint compression with circular external fixation, already installed in the patient. Spinal anesthesia was performed on the patient and the Smarch tourniquet was used. First, access to the anteromedial portal, trocar and optic passage was obtained, and the intermediate dorsal cutaneous branch of the superficial peroneal nerve was identified laterally, and the anterolateral portal was constructed. Through these portals, a 4.5mm Shaver blade was used to perform curettage and joint debridement, in addition to curettes and osteotomes. In addition to arthroscopic control, fluoroscopic observation was also performed for adequate joint preparation.Finally, joint compression was performed with the device already installed. Results: The patient presented complete consolidation of the tibio-tarsal arthrodesis. At the moment (2 years and 10 months postoperatively) the patient does not use crutches/gait accessories, does not limit his daily activities due to foot problems, does not have difficulty going down and up stairs, has good ankle alignment, plantigrade foot, has no joint pain and can walk long distances. Conclusion: This work showed a technique rarely reported or cited in the orthopedic literature, not presenting any article as an original description. Supported by the description of the procedure by the robust final functional results of the patient in question, this report establishes the basis for the widespread method and new works to emerge to enrich the debate and study around arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis using the Ilizarov method.
Surgical Repair of the Achilles Tendon using the Three Transverse Incision Technique
Authors: Araujo Caio A. , Maciel Eduardo S. , Mansur Nacime SB 
Published: November 2022

Category: Sports Introduction/Purpose: Acute rupture of the Achilles tendon is a frequent injury in our country, being the most common rupture of the tendon of the lower limbs(1), especially in men aged between 40-50 years(2). The main complication of the surgical treatment is the care of the soft tissue. To minimize this risk, the technique of three transverse incisions has shown good results and low postoperative complications. We believe that this surgical technique is a good alternative, especially with regard to soft tissue complications. Therefore, the objective of this work is to describe this surgical technique and demonstrate the benefits of its performance, since special materials are not required, and can be performed in any orthopedic service, in addition to the risk of soft tissue involvement. Methods: The proximal and distal stumps are palpated and a demarcation is performed 2 cm proximal to the proximal stump and 2 cm distal to the distal stump. A third demarcation is performed in the center of the gap. The first incision is performed proximally, opening the paratenon and exposing the proximal stump; the suture used is of the Krackow type and Vycril 2 was used. The same procedure is performed on the distal stump. After that, the third incision is made to allow suturing of the extremities and tendon approximation. Procedure performed with the foot in maximum plantar flexion. The planes (paratendon, subcutaneous and skin) are sutured and the limb is immobilized in plantar flexion. The patient remains immobilized in plantar flexion (1 week). The immobilization is exchanged for an orthopedic boot with 4 shims of 1.5 cm each and weight bearing is released with the aid of crutches. Results: Follow-up is performed in the first week for dressing evaluation and in the third week for stitch removal. After that, the patient returns at 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks after surgery. To date, this technique has been used in 24 patients. There were no re- ruptures, sural nerve neuropraxia/axonotmesis or deep infection. There was 1 case with a superficial infection, which was quickly treated with oral antibiotic therapy. To date, 6 patients have completed the 48-week postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: New studies should be carried out for the best decision on the treatment to be followed in the event of an acute rupture of the Achilles tendon, as well as studies demonstrating, it is hoped, a decrease in the rate of complications with the use of less invasive techniques. Due to the low follow-up (6 patients) we have, it is difficult to make a comparison between the percutaneous and minimally invasive techniques currently described in the literature. documentation of the effectiveness and benefit of this technique.