bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
尿中シュウ酸カルシウムと乳酸ギャップを治療指標としたエチレングリコール中毒の1例(Urine calcium oxalate crystals and lactate gap as early therapeutic indicators for ethylene glycol poisoning: a case report)
Authors: (Moe Sekine) 関根 萌 , (Masahiro Iwabuchi) 岩渕 雅洋 , (Tsuyoshi Suzuki) 鈴木 剛 , (Rie Zenda) 全田 吏栄 , (Makoto Onodera) 小野寺 誠 , (Saki Takeda) 武田 紗希 , (Ken Iseki) 伊関 憲 
Published: July 2022

要旨エチレングリコール中毒では，腎不全など生命を脅かす合併症を防ぐために早期診断が必要である。患者は50歳の男性。意識障害で倒れていたところを発見され救急要請となった。来院時，JCS 300，BP 190/120mmHg，HR 130/分，SpO2 96%。血液検査でpH 6.7，HCO3− 7.6mmol/L，AG 30.4のAG開大性代謝性アシドーシスを認めた。乳酸値は生化学検査で2.5mmol/L，血液ガス分析で4.9 mmol/Lと乖離（乳酸ギャップ）していた。浸透圧ギャップは43.6であった。尿検査を施行したところ，シュウ酸カルシウム結晶が検出された。上記よりエチレングリコール中毒の診断とし，人工呼吸とホメピゾールを開始した。同時に腎機能障害と循環不全のためCHDFを開始した。第6病日にCHDFを終了し，第20病日までHDを施行し，第62病日に退院した。エチレングリコールは代謝されてシュウ酸を生成し，カルシウムと結合してシュウ酸カルシウムとなる。また乳酸ギャップは生化学検査で得られる乳酸値とある種の血液ガス分析装置の値の差であり，グリコール酸の値と考えられるため，治療効果判定に用いることができる。尿中シュウ酸カルシウム結晶の析出と乳酸ギャップは診断と治療に有用であり，とくに乳酸ギャップは治療方針にも用いることができる。
Effect of physicochemical properties on popping characteristics of selected pearl millet varieties
Authors: Garud Shyam Ramkrishna , Lamdande Archana Gopalrao , Tavanandi Hrishikesh A , Mohite Nilesh Kailas , Nidoni Udaikumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPearl millet, commonly known as ‘Bajra’, is a nutrigrain, mostly used in pulverized form to make unleavened pancakes, dumplings, porridge, etc., in India. Popping, a traditional method of millet processing, is used in making ready‐to‐eat snacks. Pearl millet is underutilized in India. The present work aims to study the effect of the parameters of pearl millet such as variety, chemical composition, pericarp thickness, amylose content, and processing temperature on the volume expansion ratio and sensory properties of popped pearl millet.MethodologyA conventional salt‐popping technique was used at three different temperatures (220 °C, 240 °C, and 260 °C) for five pearl millet varieties (ABPC 4‐3, AHB 1269, AHB 1666, AIMP 92901, and PPC‐6). Parameters such as color, diameter, density, amylose content, pericarp thickness, and proximate composition were analyzed. Popping characteristics such as volume expansion ratio, popping yield, and sensory properties of popped grains were studied.ResultsIt was observed that pericarp thickness and amylose content were positively correlated with the popping qualities of grains. AIMP 92901 offered more desirable properties such as suitable moisture content (87.5 g kg−1), lowest equivalent diameter (2.07 mm), highest bulk density (0.84 g cm−3), true density (1.41 g cm−3), pericarp thickness (30.82 μm), and amylose content (19.75 g kg−1) than the other varieties that were studied. Hence, the highest popping yield (72.83%) and expansion ratio (6.15) was observed in the AIMP 92901 pearl millet variety at 260 °C.ConclusionConventional salt popping at 260 °C yielded the best popping characteristics. Pearl millet variety AIMP‐92 901 developed by VNMKV (Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani), Parbhani was found to have more desirable popping characteristics (in terms of all the parameters explained in results). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Transient patulous eustachian tube in severe anorexia nervosa: A prospective observational study
Authors: Mann Scott E. , Hollis Jeff , Frederics Trudy , Watters Ashlie , Oakes Judy , Cass Stephen P. , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo understand the presence of transient autophony symptoms in patients being treated for severe anorexia nervosa (AN), and whether those symptoms were due to patulous eustachian tube (PET).MethodsA prospective observational study was performed in patients requiring admission for treatment of severe AN. All enrolled patients completed The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ‐7) and were screened for symptoms of autophony. If patients reported autophony and had a score of ≥14.5 on the ETDQ‐7 they were asked to undergo comprehensive audiological testing and an evaluation with an otolaryngologist.ResultsOf the 73 patients enrolled in the study, 35 patients (44%) reported autophony and 36 (49%) scored 14.5 or higher on the ETDQ‐7. Of the 16 (22%) patients who had both autophony and an ETDQ‐7 score of 14.5 or higher, 7 patient s (representing 11 symptomatic ears) underwent evaluations by audiology and otolaryngology. Every evaluation of a symptomatic ear revealed objective evidence of PET. Nine of 11 (81.8%) symptomatic ears had subjectively resolved within 12 days of admission after nutritional rehabilitation and weight gain.ConclusionTransient autophony in severe AN patients is due to PET, and was present in at least 8% of patients within our cohort. Further study is warranted to understand the quality of life impact and pathophysiology of transient PET in this patient population.
Seasonal growth and senescence of seagrass alters sediment accumulation rates and carbon burial in a coastal lagoon
Authors: Zhu Qingguang , Wiberg Patricia L. , McGlathery Karen J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSeagrass meadows are important carbon sinks in the global coastal carbon cycle yet are also among the most rapidly declining marine habitats. Their ability to sequester carbon depends on flow–sediment–vegetation interactions that facilitate net deposition, as well as high rates of primary production. However, the effects of seasonal and episodic variations in seagrass density on net sediment and carbon accumulation have not been well quantified. Understanding these dynamics provides insight into how carbon accumulation in seagrass meadows responds to disturbance events and climate change. Here, we apply a spatially resolved sediment transport model that includes coupling of seagrass effects on flow, waves, and sediment resuspension in a seagrass meadow to quantify seasonal rates of sediment and carbon accumulation in the meadow. Our results show that organic carbon accumulation rates were largely determined by sediment accumulation and that they both changed non‐linearly as a function of seagrass shoot density. While seagrass meadows effectively trapped sediment at meadow edges during spring–summer growth seasons, during winter senescence low‐density meadows (< 160 shoots m−2) were erosional with rates sensitive to density. Small variations in winter densities resulted in large changes in annual sediment and carbon accumulation in the meadow; meadow‐scale (hundreds of square meters) summer seagrass dieback due to marine heatwaves can result in annual erosion and carbon loss. Our findings highlight the strong temporal and spatial variability in sediment accumulation within seagrass meadows and the implications for annual sediment carbon burial rates and the resilience of seagrass carbon stocks under future climate change.
Competency analysis and educational strategies to meet the demand for a learning health system workforce
Authors: Feldman Sue S. , Allgood Ashleigh , Hall Allyson G. , Lemak Christy Harris , Berner Eta S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLearning Health Systems (LHS) require a workforce with specific knowledge and skills to identify and address healthcare quality issues, develop solutions to address those issues, and sustain and spread improvements within and outside the organization. Educational programs are tasked with designing learning opportunities that can meet these organizational needs. This manuscript explores different mechanisms for addressing challenges to creating educational programs to prepare individuals who can work in and lead LHS. Strategies and recommendations for educational programs to support the LHS include the creation of a new program, collaborating across existing programs, and producing a set of instructional materials.
Thermoplastic Films Based on Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Arabino Glucurono‐Xylan and Polyethylenimine
Authors: Solier Yamil N. , Mocchiutti Paulina , Inalbon María C. , Zanuttini Miguel Á. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work investigates film formation using polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) of xylan and polyethylenimine (PEI). Different xylan/PEI mass ratios (from 50/50 to 90/10) and pH values (5.0 and 7.0) are analyzed and both parameters have an effect on complex size and film properties. Furthermore, the mass ratio corresponding to the neutralization charge depends on pH. When xylan/PEI mass ratios are near the neutralization charge ratio, a coacervation process is observed. In this case, separation between the coacervate and the supernatant dilute phase is possible. In the supernatant, both concentrations, xylan and PEI, depend on pH. The complex suspensions are used to obtain films by PECs casting/evaporation process. For films obtained from the whole suspension, by increasing the xylan content the stress at break is improved (up to 23 MPa for 85/15, at pH 7.0) and the strain at break is decreased (to 2.5%). When only coacervate is used to prepare films, the tensile strength is higher, reaching a value of 37 MPa for 85/15 mass ratio. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis shows that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the films is affected by composition. The thermoplastic behavior of a 50/50 xylan/PEI film is confirmed using a hot‐compression molding.
Exposure‐response relationships of etrolizumab in patients with moderately‐to‐severely active ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kassir Nastya , Zhu Rui , Moein Anita , Langenhorst Jurgen , Ribbing Jakob , Zhang Rong , Tang Meina T. , Oh Young S. , Zhang Wenhui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEtrolizumab is an IgG1‐humanized monoclonal anti‐β7 integrin antibody. Phase III trials with induction and/or maintenance phases were conducted in patients with moderately‐to‐severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who were either previously treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (HICKORY) or were TNF inhibitor naïve (HIBISCUS I/II, LAUREL, and GARDENIA). A total of eight exposure‐response analyses were conducted for two clinical outcomes (remission and endoscopic improvement) at the end of induction for studies HIBISCUS I/II (combined) and HICKORY and at the end of maintenance for studies HICKORY and LAUREL. Trough concentration at week 4 (Ctrough,wk4) of induction was selected as the exposure metric. Exposure‐response (ER) modeling was conducted using logistic regression. A full covariate model was used to examine the impact of covariates on clinical outcomes. Linear models with a single intercept for placebo and active treatments adequately described the data for all eight analyses. The etrolizumab exposure‐response slope was significant (p < 0.05) for seven of the eight analyses. Baseline Mayo Clinic Score (MCS) was the only statistically significant covariate that impacted induction remission and endoscopic improvement. No statistically significant covariate was identified to impact maintenance outcomes except for baseline fecal calprotectin on endoscopic improvement for LAUREL study. A statistically significant positive ER relationship was identified for most of the clinical outcomes tested, reflecting a better treatment effect in patients with UC with higher etrolizumab Ctrough,wk4 of induction. Baseline MCS was the only other significant covariate impacting induction efficacy. Besides Ctrough,wk4 of induction, no consistent covariate was identified to impact maintenance efficacy.
The relationship between two methods for estimating uncertainties in data assimilation
Authors: Todling Ricardo , Semane Noureddine , Anthes Richard , Healy Sean 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between two apparently unrelated methods for estimating error statistics or uncertainties of relevance to data assimilation (DA). The first method is due to Desroziers et al. (2005, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 3385–3396; referred to as DBCP hereafter) and relies on residual statistics readily available from DA applications. The second method, the three‐cornered hat (3CH) developed by Gray and Allan (1974, IEEE 28th Annual Symp. Freq. Control, 243–246) and only recently applied to atmospheric sciences, uses three data sets and can derive estimates of relevant error uncertainties as well. The usefulness of both methods lies in them not requiring knowledge of the true value of the quantities at play. DBCP derives its results by relying explicitly on the constraints associated with the DA minimization problem; 3CH is general and its estimates hold as long as errors in the three data sets of choice are uncorrelated. Establishing the relationship between the methods requires application of the 3CH approach to the same observation, background, and analysis data sets used by DBCP. In this case, the same assumptions of DBCP regarding residual errors allow for cancellation of error cross‐covariance terms in 3CH, such that two of its corners derive identical estimates for observation‐ and background‐error covariances to those of DBCP. The error cross‐covariance terms associated with the third corner are shown to add up to twice the analysis‐error covariance, so that the 3CH estimate for the third corner recovers the negative of the analysis‐error covariance. Illustrations of these findings are provided by deriving uncertainties for radio occultation bending angles.
Polymeric Amines Induce Nitric Oxide Release from S‐Nitrosothiols
Authors: Luo Zijie , Ng Gervase , Zhou Yingzhu , Boyer Cyrille , Chandrawati Rona 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCatalytic generation of nitric oxide (NO) from NO donors by nanomaterials has enabled prolonged NO delivery for various biomedical applications, but this approach requires laborious synthesis routes. In this study, a new class of materials, that is, polymeric amines including polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly‐L‐lysine, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride), is discovered to induce NO generation from S‐nitrosothiols (RSNOs) at physiological conditions. Controlled NO generation can be readily achieved by tuning the concentration of the NO donors (RSNOs) and polymers, and the type and molecular weight of the polymers. Importantly, the mechanism of NO generation by these polymers is deciphered to be attributed to the nucleophilic reaction between primary amines on polymers and the SNO groups of RSNOs. The NO‐releasing feature of the polymers can be integrated into a suite of materials, for example, simply by embedding PEI into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels. The functionality of the PVA/PEI hydrogels is demonstrated for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm prevention with a ≈4 log reduction within 6 h. As NO has potential therapeutic implications in various diseases, the identification of polymeric amines to induce NO release will open new opportunities in NO‐generating biomaterials for antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antithrombotic, and wound healing applications.
Estimation of Crystal Orientation of Grains on Polycrystalline Silicon Substrate by Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Kato Hikaru , Kamibeppu Soichiro , Kojima Takuto , Matsumoto Tetsuya , Kudo Hiroaki , Takeuchi Yoshinori , Kutsukake Kentaro , Usami Noritaka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo analyze crystal defects in polycrystalline silicon substrates, it is necessary to measure the crystal orientation at high speed. In this paper, we propose a method for simultaneous and fast estimation of the crystal orientation of an entire substrate by measuring the reflected light from a single rotation of a light source. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the orientation estimation experiments. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Willingness to join community‐based health insurance and its associated factors among households in West Gojjam zone, North Mecha Woreda, Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Demeke Getaneh B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommunity based health insurance (CBHI) schemes are increasingly recognized as potential strategy for achieving health coverage in developing countries. Health insurance is also expected to afford financial protection because it reduces the risk associated with falling ill. A community based cross‐sectional study design was employed. Multistage cluster, simple random, and systematic sampling techniques were used. A simple random sampling procedure was used tochoose the sampled household heads. The variables were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with a 95% confidence interval and a p‐value < 0.05, used to determine the strength of the association. This study had 285 participants, with a response rate of 96.3% out of a total of 296 sampled study participants. 90.9% of repondents were willing to join, and 89.8% were willing to pay CBHI. Based on findings joining CBHI membership provided benefits such as lower out of pocket cost (86.8%), improved health status (8.3%), reduced severity risk (2.3%), and increased productivity (2.6%). This study showed that willingness to join CBHI was higher than the findings of an other study conducted in Ethiopia. These findings are helpful for planning as well as expanding the sceme through outthe country. The main challenges to health service utilization in government health facilities are a lack of available medicine, poor service delivery, lack of laboratories, health personnel improper behavior, and ashortage of ambulance services. To address such concerns, the government should be encouraged health care access.
Sex identification and age estimation of bobcats and implications for management
Authors: Hiller Tim L. , Nistler Carolyn , Reding Dawn , White Paula A. , Bled Florent 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPredictions obtained from wildlife population models may be prone to influences associated with the quality of the data available for parameterization. We assessed accuracy of furtaker‐assigned sex of bobcats (Lynx rufus; n = 123) harvested during 2017–2018 across the western USA by comparing those data to genetically assigned sex, the latter of which we assumed was 100% accurate. We also compared the precision of individual age estimates obtained through cementum annuli analysis (CAA) of the canines and incisors of harvested bobcats (n = 151), where true age was unknown. Because cementum‐line deposition may vary across populations and by sex, we hypothesized that environmental factors may affect precision of age estimates obtained via CAA. Sex of bobcats as reported by furtakers was accurate 82% of the time, and the direction of sex‐assignment error was approximately equivalent. Canine teeth were more precise than incisors for estimating age, age estimates for male bobcats may be more precise than for females, and precision of age estimates may decrease with age. However, use of incisors corrected with known rates of error may be preferred in some instances, such as studies that require live capture and tooth extraction or where assignment to age class is sufficient. In addition, we found that sex, median age, and mean elevation may influence precision of age estimates, whereas mean precipitation and geographic location (latitude, longitude) were uninformative. Knowledge of different types of errors associated with sex identification and age estimation may be integrated into population modeling efforts based on management objectives.
Renormalisation of non-differentiable potentials
Authors: Alexandre J. , Defenu N. , Grigolia G. , Márián I. G. , Mdinaradze D. , Trombettoni A. , Turovtsi-Shiutev Y. , Nándori I. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Non-differentiable potentials, such as the V-shaped (linear) potential, appear in various areas of physics. For example, the effective action for branons in the framework of the brane world scenario contains a Liouville-type interaction, i.e., an exponential of the V-shaped function. Another example is coming from particle physics when the standard model Higgs potential is replaced by a periodic self-interaction of an N-component scalar field which depends on the length, thus it is O(N) symmetric. We first compare classical and quantum dynamics near non-analytic points and discuss in this context the role of quantum fluctuations. We then study the renormalisation of such potentials, focusing on the Exact Wilsonian Renormalisation approach, and we discuss how quantum fluctuations smoothen the bare singularity of the potential. Applications of these results to the non-differentiable effective branon potential and to the O(N) models when the spatial dimension is varied and to the O(N) extension of the sine-Gordon model in (1+1) dimensions are presented.
Contribution of specific ceramides to obesity-associated metabolic diseases
Authors: Hammerschmidt Philipp , Brüning Jens C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCeramides are a heterogeneous group of bioactive membrane sphingolipids that play specialized regulatory roles in cellular metabolism depending on their characteristic fatty acyl chain lengths and subcellular distribution. As obesity progresses, certain ceramide molecular species accumulate in metabolic tissues and cause cell-type-specific lipotoxic reactions that disrupt metabolic homeostasis and lead to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Several mechanisms for ceramide action have been inferred from studies in vitro, but only recently have we begun to better understand the acyl chain length specificity of ceramide-mediated signaling in the context of physiology and disease in vivo. New discoveries show that specific ceramides affect various metabolic pathways and that global or tissue-specific reduction in selected ceramide pools in obese rodents is sufficient to improve metabolic health. Here, we review the tissue-specific regulation and functions of ceramides in obesity, thus highlighting the emerging concept of selectively inhibiting production or action of ceramides with specific acyl chain lengths as novel therapeutic strategies to ameliorate obesity-associated diseases.
Random Walks with Bounded First Moment on Finite-volume Spaces
Authors: Bénard Timothée , Saxcé Nicolas de 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLet G be a real Lie group, $$\Lambda \le G$$

Λ
≤
G

a lattice, and $$\Omega =G/\Lambda $$

Ω
=
G
/
Λ

. We study the equidistribution properties of the left random walk on $$\Omega $$
Ω
induced by a probability measure $$\mu $$
μ
on G. It is assumed that $$\mu $$
μ
has a finite first moment, and that the Zariski closure of the group generated by the support of $$\mu $$
μ
in the adjoint representation is semisimple without compact factors. We show that for every starting point $$x\in \Omega $$

x
∈
Ω

, the $$\mu $$
μ
-walk with origin x has no escape of mass, and equidistributes in Cesàro averages toward some homogeneous measure. This extends several fundamental results due to Benoist-Quint and Eskin-Margulis for walks with finite exponential moment.
Postoperative Bildgebung der Wirbelsäule
Authors: Schlaeger S. , Kirschke J. S. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Bildgebung der postoperativen Wirbelsäule hat im Wesentlichen zwei Aufgaben: Sie dient der Kontrolle des operativen Erfolgs und der Identifikation von Komplikationen. Dafür stehen die konventionelle Röntgenaufnahme, Computertomographie (CT), Myelographie und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) zur Verfügung. Unter Berücksichtigung der präoperativen Situation, der durchgeführten Operation und der postoperativen Beschwerdekonstellation ist es Aufgabe der Radiologinnen und Radiologen, die passende Modalität für eine suffiziente Diagnostik zu wählen. Insbesondere der Zustand nach Implantation von Fremdmaterial bedeutet eine technische Herausforderung im Rahmen der Bildakquisition. In der Befundung sehen sich die Radiologinnen und Radiologen mit der Aufgabe konfrontiert, zwischen natürlichen, zu erwartenden postoperativen Veränderungen und relevanten Komplikationen zu differenzieren. Ein reger Austausch mit Patientinnen und Patienten und zuweisenden Klinikerinnen und Klinikern ist dabei unerlässlich. Insbesondere klinische Hinweise auf einen Infekt, neue oder deutliche progrediente neurologische Ausfallserscheinungen und das Konus-Kauda-Syndrom erfordern eine zeitnahe Diagnosestellung, um eine rasche Therapieeinleitung zu gewährleisten.