bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fossilized eukaryotes from 2.7 billion year old shales in Tanzania
Authors: Sanislav Ioan , Dirks Paul , Knutsen Espen , Konhauser Kurt , Kwelwa Shimba 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Some of the evidence for the existence of life in the Archean Eon (4.0-2.5 Ga) comes from ‘microfossils’ that are believed to be the mineralized remnants of simple prokaryotic lifeforms. They are spheroidal shaped and a few microns to tens of microns across and most likely represent early prokaryotic organisms. Here we describe spheroidal carbon structures that reach sizes of up to 540 microns from the 2.72 billion years ago (Ga) carbonaceous shales from the Lower Nyanzian Formation in the Geita Greenstone Belt of Tanzania. They are interpreted as microfossils based on their multi-chambered structures with pentagonal to hexagonal sectional geometries or floral forms, and chambers connected by regularly placed, tube-like structures that also connect inner chambers to the outside. The carbonaceous material in the walls is partly composed of disorganised kerogenous carbon with δ13C values averaging -44.6‰ that forms membranes coating a denser core of hematite enriched in P and transition metals (Zn, Cu, Ca). The fossils meet all criteria for syngeneity and biogenicity. Whether these structures are remnants of gigantic bacteria or early eukaryotes such as a testate rhizarian is unclear but they appear to represent a relatively complex organism that lived in a shallow, volcanically-dominated, marine environment where oxygen was locally available.
PRPF6 promotes metastasis and paclitaxel resistance of ovarian cancer via SNHG16/CEBPB/GATA3 axis
Authors: Wang Min , Wang Han , Zhou Yingying , Zhang Siyang , Qi Ya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Metastasis and paclitaxel (PTX) resistance are the main reason for the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC). Evidence has shown that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can modulate post-transcriptional regulation. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among RBP, lncRNA and OC and to further guide clinical therapy. Methods: The expression of pre‐mRNA processing factor 6 (PRPF6) in OC tissues form 68 patients were detected by Immunohistochemistry. The expression of small nucleolar RNA host gene 16(SNHG16) transcripts-SNHG16-L/S in OC cell lines were analyzed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Transwell, CCK8 assays and flow cytometry analyses were used to detected effects of PRPF6 and SNHG16 on tumorigenesis and PTX-resistance. Molecular interactions were examined by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation. OC cells that knockdown PRPF6 were injected subcutaneously in nude mice.Results: The results showed that PRPF6 was upregulated in OC chemoresistant tissues and was closely related to advanced FIGO stages. PRPF6 promoted progression, and PTX resistance in vitro and in vivo. SNHG16-L/S were differentially expressed in OC cells and tissues as detected through real-time PCR (RT-PCR). SNHG16-L/S had opposite effects on progression and PTX resistance in OC. Mechanistically, SNHG16-L inhibited GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) transcription by binding to CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein B (CEBPB). Moreover, PRPF6 induced the alternative splicing of SNHG16, causing downregulation of SNHG16-L and, leading to the upregulation of GATA3 expression to further promote metastasis and PTX-resistance in OC.Conclusions: Totally, these data unveiled that PRPF6 promotes metastasis and PTX resistance of OC through SNHG16-L/CEBPB/GATA3 axis, which provides a new direction for OC treatment.
Establishment of pyroptosis-related genes prognostic model for forecasting status of immune and inflammation in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Hu Jun , Tian Caijuan , Zhao Yanpeng , Guo Yixian , Chen Shuo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pyroptosis and related gasdermin family proteins are important in tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the prognosis roles of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and its relation to infiltrates of immune cell in the pathogenesis of CRC remain unclear. By using this investigation, we set up a prognosis gene pattern on the basis of 13 PRGs(AIM2, CASP1, CASP5, CASP6, CASP8, CASP9, ELANE, GPX4, GSDMD, NLRP7, NOD2, PJVK and PRKACA) for CRC patients. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was followed to be performed. With good AUC prediction value of ROC curves, the group with high hazard firstly had poor survival prognosis than the group with low hazard. Secondly, we found that PRGs were significantly related to inflammation-associated genes and immune-associated genes in CRC. Then we identified a correlation of PRGs with immune infiltrations in CRC. For instance, abundances of NK cells resting and neutrophils were more in the low hazard group than in the high hazard group. As a whole, this work indicated that PRGs served a critical function in generating heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC. This prognosis PRGs model may give a starting point for early diagnosis and medication use of CRC.
Transverse Thickness Proﬁle Control of Electrical Steel in 6-high Cold Rolling Mills Based on the GA-PSO Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Cao Jianguo , Song Chunning , Wang Leilei , Xiao Jing , Zhao Qiufang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In order to meet the shape control requirements of “Dead flat” transverse thickness profile of electrical steel sheet in cold rolling process, the 3D finite element model (FEM) for roll stacks and strip of 6-high tandem cold rolling mills (TCMs) was built with the developed Edge Drop Control Work Rolls for Non-shifting (EDW-N). The efficiency curves of the work roll bending (WRB), the intermediate roll bending (IRB) and the intermediate roll shifting (IRS) in cold rolling process are obtained for transverse thickness profile control performance. The control strategy of multi-stand and multi-variable profile and flatness control actuators, i.e. WRB, IRB and IRS of Stands 1 ~ 5 in 6-high TCMs is proposed based on the GA-PSO hybrid algorithm with better optimization ability. The results show that the control strategy can fully exploit the shape control ability and achieve the high precision control for transverse thickness profile of 6-high TCMs. The industrial application on the production gives remarkable results that the rate of the measured strip crown less than 7µm increased from 38.58–67.74% for electrical steel sheet in the 1420 mm 6-high TCMs. The control strategy has applied to the production successfully.
Port-Reduced Reduced-Basis Component Method for Steady State Navier–Stokes and Passive Scalar Equations
Authors: Benaceur Amina , Patera Anthony 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We develop a Port-Reduced Reduced-Basis Component approach (PR-RBC) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern incompressible fluid flows in riverine geometries. The PR-RBC method was initially introduced in the literature for linear problems. In this paper, we extend it to a nonlinear context. Our method is presented for the steady state Navier–Stokes problem with an incompressibility constraint. The model is supplemented with a passive scalar equation. We introduce a new method for the treatment of nonlinearity, incompressibility, and convective effects.
Understanding the association between PrEP stigma and PrEP cascade moderated by the intensity of HIV testing
Authors: Zhang Chen , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
In the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the majority of new HIV infections. On the other hand, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective strategy to curb HIV transmission, but it is widely underutilized. It is unknown how stigma affects PrEP care in the context of other HIV prevention strategies (e.g., HIV testing). In the current study, we explored how PrEP and HIV-related stigma affect the PrEP care cascade (i.e., awareness, willingness, and uptake) and how the intensity of HIV testing services moderates the association.
Methods
We recruited a group of MSM from two cities in the U.S. With informed consent being collected, we included a total of 318 MSM in the current analysis. We employed bivariate and multivariable analyses to assess the association between PrEP stigma and PrEP cascade while controlling for potential confounders on each specific pathway. We further used a series of moderation analyses based upon the intensity of HIV testing within different timeframes to assess the association between PrEP stigma and PrEP cascade. In addition, we conducted the trend-analyses to assess the pattern of PrEP cascade across different time points of HIV testing.
Results
Compared with MSM who used PrEP, those who never used PrEP reported higher internalized (0.59 vs. 2.99) and vicarious PrEP stigma (3.66 vs. 5.56). Internalized PrEP stigma has significantly reduced the likelihood of PrEP willingness and PrEP uptake among this group. With the increased frequency of HIV testing, stigma became stronger to negatively impact the likelihood of PrEP willingness and PrEP uptake in MSM. The Jonckheere–Terpstra test with Monte Carlo permutations showed significant trend patterns across different frequencies of HIV testing. The same patterns have been identified under other timeframes (i.e., in the past 12m, 6m, and 3m).
Conclusions
Findings indicated that HIV prevention services might discourage MSM from PrEP use under the influence of stigma. A structural-level reform is urgently needed to turn the HIV service encounters into opportunities to facilitate and optimize the PrEP cascade among this group who may benefit from PrEP use.
Pharmacokinetics of Ceftazidime-Avibactam in a Critical Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patient Receiving Intermittent Venovenous Hemodiafiltration
Authors: Ni Min , Yan Yu-ying , Cao Xiang-yuan , Yu Peng , Chen Song-yu , Jin Yi , Shen Fu-ming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the appropriate dose of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for critically ill patients receiving intermittent venovenous hemodiafiltration (VVHDF). Methods: CAZ-AVI administered at 1.875 g every 24 h by intravenous injection was used to treat multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a critically ill patient receiving 6h VVHDF every other day. On dialysis day, VVHDF began at 12h after the previous dosing. Plasma drug concentrations of ceftazidime and avibactam were measured at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 h after the third dosage of CAZ-AVI administration. A pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using PK Solover 2.0. Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftazidime on dialysis and non-dialysis day, respectively, were as follow: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) 102.02 and 93.49 mg/L, minimum plasma concentration (Cmin) 28.41 and 45.73 mg/L, plasma concentration at 12h (C12h) 74.17 and 60.07 mg/L, elimination half-life (t1/2) 13.09 and 26.45 h, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) 1511.98 and 1507.36 mg·h/L, clearance (CL) 0.98 and 0.46 L/h, apparent volume of distribution at the steady state (Vss) 16.94 and 17.25 L. The pharmacokinetic parameters of avibactam on dialysis and non-dialysis day, respectively, were as follow: Cmax 16.88 and 13.35 mg/L, Cmin 4.62 and 6.99 mg/L, C12h 10.58 and 9.18 mg/L, t1/2 14.63 and 22.09 h, AUC 229.47 and 216.46 mg·h/L, CL 1.15 and 0.85 L/h, Vss 22.04 and 27.89 L. The plasma concentrations of ceftazidime and avibactam remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) during the 24h dosing interval.Conclusions: Based on this report, a dose of CAZ-AVI 1.875g every 24h appears to be appropriate for critically ill patients receiving intermittent VVHDF. This is the ﬁrst study of CAZ-AVI pharmacokinetics with intermittent VVHDF. That is, the dosage of CAZ-AVI should not be changed between dialysis and non-dialysis day when patient received VVHDF every other day, VVHDF was conducted 12h after CAZ-AVI administration, and no supplemental dose should be administered after VVHDF session. Further data that include multiple patients and dialysis modes are needed to verify the optimal CAZ-AVI dosing strategy in critically ill patients requiring intermittent VVHDF.
Filterless narrowband near-infrared Si photodetector
Authors: Wei Guodan , Xu Zhuhua , Sun Chuying , He Miao , Min Siyi , Zhao Cong , Liu Zhenghao , li Jingzhou , Li Wen-Di , Tang Man-Chung , Fu Hongyan , Kang Feiyu , Li Jiangyu , Shen Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spectrally selective narrowband Si photodetection is critical for near-infrared (NIR) medical imaging, optical communication, light detection and autonomous mobiles. For conventional inorganic semiconductors such as silicon with broadband absorption from visible until 1.1 µm, it remains challenging to achieve narrowband photodetection without integrating optical filters. We demonstrate the very first narrowest NIR silicon photodetectors without any bandpass filter, reaching the full-width-at-half-maximum of only 26 nm at 912 nm. The narrowband response is inherently attributed to the resonant enhancement effect of optical microcavities formed by patterned Si nanograting combined with the organic D18:Y6 blend film. The Conductive-Atomic Force Microscope (C-AFM), Kelvin Probe Force Microscope (KPFM) and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy characterization indicate effective charge transfer between Si and organic layers, significantly contributing to ultrafast photoresponse of 74 \(\mu s\). Therefore, this design concept opens up the new possibility of developing filter-less and effective low-cost NIR detection, enabling entirely new configurations of optical imaging devices with narrowband tunability for telecommunications and imaging applications.
A Novel Algorithm for the Duplication Detection and Localization of Moving Objects in Video
Authors: Su Lichao , Chen Dan , Wang Shiping , Chen Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We propose a novel algorithm for detecting the duplication of moving objects in video and locating forged motion sequences. First, the algorithm constructs an energy factor (EF) curve to identify the suspect frames of the video. Second, an adaptive-parameter-based Visual Background Extractor (ViBe) algorithm (APViBe) is employed for background modelling. Moreover, all motion sequences are identified by using an improved fast compressive tracking (FCT) algorithm based on an adaptive learning rate and measurement matrix (ALMFCT). Third, a similarity-analysis-based scheme (SAS) is designed to search for pairs of suspect motion sequences. Finally, the flip-invariant scale-invariant feature transform (FISIFT) algorithm is used to match the feature points of moving objects in the pairs of suspect motion sequences, based on which the forged motion sequences in the video are confirmed. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms previous algorithms in computational efficiency, accuracy and robustness.
Improvement in Specialized Medical Care of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Tashkent City
Authors: Kazakov Bekhzodbek , Alimov Doniyor , Mukhamedova Barno , Nazarova Maftuna , Koyirov Akmal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The leading cause of death worldwide and in the Republic of Uzbekistan is cardiovascular disease, and its prevalence is increasing. To reduce morbidity and mortality from acute coronary syndrome, it is necessary to improve the high-tech specialized approach.. As part of the implementation of the Government Decree of December 18, 2020, No. 341, "On improving the organization of emergency care for patients with acute coronary syndrome in Tashkent" in order to provide the most effective care in terms of reducing mortality and disability for patients with coronary artery disease, significant investments have been made in the development of the cardiology service in Tashkent. The main strategic direction of this cardiology service is to provide the population with high-tech medical care in emergency cardiological conditions.
Inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis mimic the effect of insulin on Glut4 translocation and glucose uptake in adipocytes
Authors: Meriin A.B. , Zaarur N. , Bogan J.S. , Kandror K.V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in adipocytes by triggering translocation of glucose transporter 4-containg vesicles to the plasma membrane. Under basal conditions, IRVs are retained inside the cell via a “static” or “dynamic” mechanism. We have found that inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, actinomycin D and emetine, mimic the effect of insulin on Glut4 translocation and glucose uptake in adipocytes without engaging conventional signaling proteins, such as Akt, TBC1D4, or TUG. Actinomycin D does not significantly affect endocytosis of Glut4 or recycling of transferrin, suggesting that it specifically increases exocytosis of the IRVs. Our results suggest that the intracellular retention of the IRVs in adipocytes requires continuous RNA and protein biosynthesis de novo and point out to the existence of a short-lived inhibitor of IRV translocation thus supporting the “static” model.
Development and optimization of rabbit polyclonal antibodies for Cu/ZnSOD detection in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Xiong Dan , pan Weisong , Luo Biao , Liu Chuwei , Zhou Ting , Wang Fang , Luo Yinhui , Wu Chuan , Li Waichin , Hartley William , Rao Liqun , Wang Weiping , Wang Qiming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity is an important measure of plant stress tolerance used in cultivar improvement. At present, we are unaware of any widely available immunological reagents for the detection of SOD in Oryza sativa (common Asian rice) or other plants.Results: In this study, we used insilico B-cell epitope prediction tools to generate peptides which were immunized into rabbits to yield polyclonal antibodies against Cu/Zn SODs. Immunoblotting demonstrated that the antibody specifically recognized both native and denatured Cu/Zn SODs in rice. In addition, this antibody can confirm the expression tendency of endogenous OsCu/Zn SODs under heat stress by immunoblotting, and has a positive reaction in tomato leaf extracts, as well as human Hela cells. Chloroplast content of Cu/Zn SODs in rice can be identified by ELISA indirect competition method using this antibody.Conclusions: These results suggest that this Cu/Zn SOD rabbit polyclonal antibody may be a useful tool for elucidating the biological functions of Cu/Zn SODs in plants.
Temperature and precipitation are adversely affecting wheat yield in India
Authors: Madhukar Anand , Kumar Vivek , Dashora Kavya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An understanding of the climate-crop yield relationship has remained elusive. Wheat is one of the essential food crops globally. India is the second-largest wheat producer. Herein, we evaluate 50 years of detailed climate and wheat crop statistics (1966–2015) to spatially analyze temperature and precipitation trends and their impact on wheat yield across 29 Indian states using statistical methods. Temperature and precipitation are refined for seasonal (Rabi season), annual, and monthly durations at the state level because state is the administrative unit in India for adaptation strategies and mitigation purposes. We find that temperature has been increasing (statistically significantly) across all the Indian states, whereas precipitation change has been statistically non-significant. The seasonal temperature has harmed ∼99.85% of India's wheat harvested area (i.e., ∼24.1 million hectares, 21 Indian states). Seasonal precipitation has harmed ∼56.26% of the wheat harvested area (i.e., ∼13.6 million hectares, eight Indian states). February temperature and March precipitation demonstrate the most adverse impact on wheat yield. Climate variability explains up to ∼78% wheat yield variability across Indian states. These results help identify the effects of changing climate on wheat yield and thus demand immediate attention and a response plan to develop adaptation strategies to address climate change.
Photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater by stepwise assembling PVA aerogel/TiO2/MoS2/Au composites in visible light
Authors: Zheng Yage , Qi Haojie , Zhang Liang , Zhang Yujuan , Zhong Lvling , Zhang Xiaomin , Feng Yao , Xue Juanqin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A PVA aerogel/TiO2/MoS2/Au catalyst formed gradually using a hydrothermal method is used to degrade Rhodamine B. SEM and TEM results show that the composite presents a uniform and well-structured porous network structure, high specific surface area and large pore diameter were proved by the results of nitrogen adsorption measurement. UV–vis DRS and PL results indicate that the composite has a high absorption rate in the visible light range, and the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs can be effectively inhibited because the composite material forms a heterojunction. In the photocatalytic degradation experiment of Rhodamine B, the composite material shows high photocatalytic performance, which can reach 86% in two hours of light. The photocatalysts supported by PVA are easy to recover and have high catalytic performance even after five recycles. The study shows that PVA/TiO2/MoS2/Au composite material has great potential to be used for the degradation of dye wastewater.
Prevalence of Bone Loss in Mandibular Future Abutment Teeth among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Madi Marwa , Bakhurji Eman , Alghwainem Ali , Alamer Ali , Alarfaj Salma , AlRatroot Soha , Pavlic Verica 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of bone loss in lower permanent premolars and canines, which can serve as abutments for future prostheses, among diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective case-control study, records of patients who visited the dental clinics of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University were used. Inclusion criteria were the presence of a complete periodontal chart, full mouth radiographs, and past medical history (presence of DM, hypertension, and/or coronary heart disease). The criteria for exclusion were the reporting of malignancy, pregnancy, breastfeeding, or taking of the medications that affect bone turnover, periodontal surgery within the past year, absence of radiographs with good quality, and antibiotic use within 3 months prior to the dental visit. Demographical data, including gender and age, past medical history (diabetic state), and periodontal diagnosis, were collected. The severity of periodontal disease, radiographic bone loss (RBL), and its pattern were also assessed.

Results:
Out of 400 records, 363 patient files were included. Of those, almost 36% were males and 64% were females. The patients’ age was ranging from 16 to 82 years. About 34% of the patients were diagnosed with generalized periodontitis while 22% had localized periodontitis. With regards to the severity of the cases, the prevalence was equally distributed between mild (37%) and moderate periodontitis (38%), while 25% were diagnosed with severe periodontitis. A total of 22% of the patients were diabetic, which showed an increase in the severity of bone loss by an average of 31% across the selected teeth (mandibular canines and premolars). The pattern of bone loss was higher in the mandibular incisors, followed by the canines and the premolars. Multiple regression models showed that non-diabetics were significantly less likely to have bone loss in all the selected teeth and the male patients had 2 times the likelihood of having bone loss. Although the mandibular canines have the highest root length in the mandible, they were the most affected by bone loss in diabetic patients with periodontitis.

Conclusion:
Results of this study suggested that mandibular premolars were the teeth least affected by bone loss in both, diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Therefore, they can be considered the most suitable teeth to be used as abutments for the future prosthesis.