bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer
Authors: Mirzaei Sepideh , Gholami Mohammad Hossein , Hushmandi Kiavash , Hashemi Farid , Zabolian Amirhossein , Canadas Israel , Zarrabi Ali , Nabavi Noushin , Aref Amir Reza , Crea Francesco , Wang Yuzhuo , Ashrafizadeh Milad , Kumar Alan Prem 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large family of RNA molecules with no capability in encoding proteins. However, they participate in developmental and biological processes and their abnormal expression affects cancer progression. These RNA molecules can function as upstream mediators of different signaling pathways and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is among them. Briefly, EZH2 belongs to PRCs family and can exert functional roles in cells due to its methyltransferase activity. EZH2 affects gene expression via inducing H3K27me3. In the present review, our aim is to provide a mechanistic discussion of ncRNAs role in regulating EZH2 expression in different cancers. MiRNAs can dually induce/inhibit EZH2 in cancer cells to affect downstream targets such as Wnt, STAT3 and EMT. Furthermore, miRNAs can regulate therapy response of cancer cells via affecting EZH2 signaling. It is noteworthy that EZH2 can reduce miRNA expression by binding to promoter and exerting its methyltransferase activity. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) are synthetic, short ncRNAs capable of reducing EZH2 expression and suppressing cancer progression. LncRNAs mainly regulate EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNAs induce EZH2 by modulating miRNA expression. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), like lncRNAs, affect EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. These areas are discussed in the present review with a focus on molecular pathways leading to clinical translation.
Opinions about the most appropriate surgical management of diabetes‐related foot infection: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Seng Leonard , Drovandi Aaron , Fernando Malindu E , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of high quality evidence to guide the optimal management of diabetes‐related foot infection, particularly in cases of severe diabetes‐related foot infection and diabetes‐related foot osteomyelitis. This study examined the opinions of surgeons about the preferred management of severe diabetes‐related foot infection.MethodsVascular and orthopaedic surgeons in Australia and New Zealand were invited to complete an online survey via email. The survey included multi‐choice and open‐ended questions on clinical management of diabetes‐related foot infection. Responses of vascular surgeons and orthopaedic surgeons were compared using non‐parametric statistical tests. Open‐text responses were examined using inductive content analysis.Results29 vascular and 20 orthopaedic surgeons completed the survey. One‐third (28.6%) used best‐practice guidelines to assist in decisions about foot infection management. Areas for guideline improvement identified included more specific advice regarding the indications for available treatments, more recommendations about non‐surgical patient management and advice on how management can be varied in regions with limited health service resource. The probe‐to‐bone test and magnetic resonance imaging were the preferred methods of diagnosing osteomyelitis. Approximately half (51.2%) of respondents indicated piperacillin combined with tazobactam as the preferred antibiotic choice for empirical treatment of severe diabetes‐related foot infection. Negative pressure wound therapy was the most common way of managing a wound following debridement. All vascular surgeons (100%) made revascularisation decisions based on the severity of ischemia while most orthopaedic surgeons (66.7%) were likely to refer to vascular surgeons to make revascularisation decisions. Vascular surgeons preferred using wound swabs while orthopaedic surgeons favoured tissue or bone biopsies to determine the choice of antibiotic. Respondents perceived a moderate variation in management decisions between specialists and supported the need for randomised controlled trials to test different management pathways.ConclusionsMost vascular and orthopaedic surgeons do not use best‐practice guidelines to assist in decisions about management of diabetes‐related foot infection. Vascular and orthopaedic surgeons appear to have different preferences for wound sampling to determine choice of antibiotic. There is a need for higher quality evidence to clarify best practice for managing diabetes‐related foot infection.
EVITA Dengue: a cluster-randomized controlled trial to EValuate the efficacy of Wolbachia-InfecTed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in reducing the incidence of Arboviral infection in Brazil
Authors: Collins Matthew H. , Potter Gail E. , Hitchings Matt D. T. , Butler Ellie , Wiles Michelle , Kennedy Jessie K. , Pinto Sofia B. , Teixeira Adla B. M. , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Rouphael Nadine G. , Deye Gregory A. , Simmons Cameron P. , Moreira Luciano A. , Nogueira Mauricio L. , Cummings Derek A. T. , Ko Albert I. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Edupuganti Srilatha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya are a major global health problem, with over 2.5 billion at risk for dengue alone. There are no licensed antivirals for these infections, and safe and effective vaccines are not yet widely available. Thus, prevention of arbovirus transmission by vector modification is a novel approach being pursued by multiple researchers. However, the field needs high-quality evidence derived from randomized, controlled trials upon which to base the implementation and maintenance of vector control programs. Here, we report the EVITA Dengue trial design (DMID 17-0111), which assesses the efficacy in decreasing arbovirus transmission of an innovative approach developed by the World Mosquito Program for vector modification of Aedes mosquitoes by Wolbachia pipientis.

Methods
DMID 17-0111 is a cluster-randomized trial in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, with clusters defined by primary school catchment areas. Clusters (n = 58) will be randomized 1:1 to intervention (release of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes) vs. control (no release). Standard vector control activities (i.e., insecticides and education campaigns for reduction of mosquito breeding sites) will continue as per current practice in the municipality. Participants (n = 3480, 60 per cluster) are children aged 6–11 years enrolled in the cluster-defining school and living within the cluster boundaries who will undergo annual serologic surveillance for arboviral infection. The primary objective is to compare sero-incidence of arboviral infection between arms.

Discussion
DMID 17-0111 aims to determine the efficacy of Wolbachia-infected mosquito releases in reducing human infections by arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and will complement the mounting evidence for this method from large-scale field releases and ongoing trials. The trial also represents a critical step towards robustness and rigor for how vector control methods are assessed, including the simultaneous measurement and correlation of entomologic and epidemiologic outcomes. Data from this trial will inform further the development of novel vector control methods.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04514107. Registered on 17 August 2020
Primary sponsor: National Institute of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Longitudinal assessment of reactivity and affinity profile of anti-Jo1 autoantibodies to distinct HisRS domains and a splice variant in a cohort of patients with myositis and anti-synthetase syndrome
Authors: Notarnicola Antonella , Preger Charlotta , Lundström Susanna L. , Renard Nuria , Wigren Edvard , Van Gompel Eveline , Galindo-Feria Angeles S. , Persson Helena , Fathi Maryam , Grunewald Johan , Jakobsson Per-Johan , Gräslund Susanne , Lundberg Ingrid E. , Fernandes-Cerqueira Cátia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To address the reactivity and affinity against histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase (HisRS) autoantigen of anti-Jo1 autoantibodies from serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies/anti-synthetase syndrome (IIM/ASSD). To investigate the associations between the reactivity profile and clinical data over time.

Methods
Samples and clinical data were obtained from (i) 25 anti-Jo1+ patients (19 sera with 16 longitudinal samples and 6 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), (ii) 29 anti-Jo1− patients (25 sera and 4 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), and (iii) 27 age/gender-matched healthy controls (24 sera and 3 BALF/matching sera). Reactivity towards HisRS full-length (HisRS-FL), three HisRS domains (WHEP, antigen binding domain (ABD), and catalytic domain (CD)), and the HisRS splice variant (SV) was tested. Anti-Jo1 IgG reactivity was evaluated by ELISA and western blot using IgG purified from serum by affinity chromatography. In paired serum-BALF, anti-Jo1 IgG and IgA reactivity was analyzed by ELISA. Autoantibody affinity was measured by surface plasmon resonance using IgG purified from sera. Correlations between autoantibody reactivity and clinical data were evaluated at diagnosis and longitudinally.

Results
Anti-Jo1 IgG from serum and BALF bound HisRS-FL, WHEP, and SV with high reactivity at the time of diagnosis and recognized both conformation-dependent and conformation-independent HisRS epitopes. Anti-HisRS-FL IgG displayed high affinity early in the disease. At the time of IIM/ASSD diagnosis, the highest autoantibody levels against HisRS-FL were found in patients ever developing interstitial lung disease (ILD) and arthritis, but with less skin involvement. Moreover, the reactivity of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF correlated with poor pulmonary function.
Levels of autoantibodies against HisRS-FL, HisRS domains, and HisRS splice variant generally decreased over time. With some exceptions, longitudinal anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels changed in line with ILD activity.

Conclusion
High levels and high-affinity anti-Jo1 autoantibodies towards HisRS-FL were found early in disease in sera and BALF. In combination with the correlation of anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels with ILD and ILD activity in longitudinal samples as well as of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF with poor pulmonary function, this supports the previously raised hypothesis that the lung might have a role in the immune reaction in anti-Jo1-positive patients.
Fossils and plant evolution: structural fingerprints and modularity in the evo-devo paradigm
Authors: Tomescu Alexandru M. F. , Rothwell Gar W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFossils constitute the principal repository of data that allow for independent tests of hypotheses of biological evolution derived from observations of the extant biota. Traditionally, transformational series of structure, consisting of sequences of fossils of the same lineage through time, have been employed to reconstruct and interpret morphological evolution. More recently, a move toward an updated paradigm was fueled by the deliberate integration of developmental thinking in the inclusion of fossils in reconstruction of morphological evolution. The vehicle for this is provided by structural fingerprints—recognizable morphological and anatomical structures generated by (and reflective of) the deployment of specific genes and regulatory pathways during development. Furthermore, because the regulation of plant development is both modular and hierarchical in nature, combining structural fingerprints recognized in the fossil record with our understanding of the developmental regulation of those structures produces a powerful tool for understanding plant evolution. This is particularly true when the systematic distribution of specific developmental regulatory mechanisms and modules is viewed within an evolutionary (paleo-evo-devo) framework. Here, we discuss several advances in understanding the processes and patterns of evolution, achieved by tracking structural fingerprints with their underlying regulatory modules across lineages, living and fossil: the role of polar auxin regulation in the cellular patterning of secondary xylem and the parallel evolution of arborescence in lycophytes and seed plants; the morphology and life history of early polysporangiophytes and tracheophytes; the role of modularity in the parallel evolution of leaves in euphyllophytes; leaf meristematic activity and the parallel evolution of venation patterns among euphyllophytes; mosaic deployment of regulatory modules and the diverse modes of secondary growth of euphyllophytes; modularity and hierarchy in developmental regulation and the evolution of equisetalean reproductive morphology. More generally, inclusion of plant fossils in the evo-devo paradigm has informed discussions on the evolution of growth patterns and growth responses, sporophyte body plans and their homology, sequences of character evolution, and the evolution of reproductive systems.
The current state of knowledge on imaging informatics: a survey among Spanish radiologists
Authors: Eiroa Daniel , Antolín Andreu , Fernández del Castillo Ascanio Mónica , Pantoja Ortiz Violeta , Escobar Manuel , Roson Nuria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
There is growing concern about the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on radiology and the future of the profession. The aim of this study is to evaluate general knowledge and concerns about trends on imaging informatics among radiologists working in Spain (residents and attending physicians). For this purpose, an online survey among radiologists working in Spain was conducted with questions related to: knowledge about terminology and technologies, need for a regulated academic training on AI and concerns about the implications of the use of these technologies.

Results
A total of 223 radiologists answered the survey, of whom 76.7% were attending physicians and 23.3% residents. General terms such as AI and algorithm had been heard of or read in at least 75.8% and 57.4% of the cases, respectively, while more specific terms were scarcely known. All the respondents consider that they should pursue academic training in medical informatics and new technologies, and 92.9% of them reckon this preparation should be incorporated in the training program of the specialty. Patient safety was found to be the main concern for 54.2% of the respondents. Job loss was not seen as a peril by 45.7% of the participants.

Conclusions
Although there is a lack of knowledge about AI among Spanish radiologists, there is a will to explore such topics and a general belief that radiologists should be trained in these matters. Based on the results, a consensus is needed to change the current training curriculum to better prepare future radiologists.
Post-systolic shortening is superior to global longitudinal strain in predicting adverse events in patients with stable coronary artery disease and preserved systolic function
Authors: Lu Shirui , Hu Xin , Zhang Jun , Zhu Ying , Zhou Wei , Liu Yani , Deng Youbin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Post-systolic shortening (PSS) is an important indicator for early identifying myocardial dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of PSS assessed with speckle tracking automated functional imaging (AFI) on adverse events in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and preserved systolic function.

Methods
A total of 204 consecutive patients clinically diagnosed with stable CAD and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 50% were included. Multiple parameters were analyzed with AFI technique. The composite endpoint included all-cause mortality, heart failure, myocardial infarction and stroke.

Results
During a median follow-up of 24 months (IQR 19–28 months), 30 patients (14.7%) reached the endpoint. Patients experiencing the endpoint had a lower absolute global longitudinal strain (GLS), a higher post-systolic index (PSI), and more left ventricle walls displaying PSS than patients without events. PSI (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04–1.27; p = 0.005) and per 1 increase in the number of left ventricle walls with PSS (hazard ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.21–1.91, p < 0.000) were independent predictors of the endpoint, whereas GLS was not significantly associated with the endpoint after adjustment models. For patients with absolute value of GLS > 15.4%, a significant prognostic superiority was found in PSI compared with GLS (AUC = 0.73 [PSI] vs. 0.58 [GLS], p = 0.024).

Conclusions
PSS is an independent predictor for adverse events in stable CAD patients with preserved systolic function, and the prognostic value may be superior to GLS in patients with normal or mildly reduced GLS.
A Brucella melitensis H38ΔwbkF rough mutant protects against Brucella ovis in rams
Authors: Muñoz Pilar M. , Conde-Álvarez Raquel , Andrés-Barranco Sara , de Miguel María-Jesús , Zúñiga-Ripa Amaia , Aragón-Aranda Beatriz , Salvador-Bescós Miriam , Martínez-Gómez Estrella , Iriarte Maite , Barberán Montserrat , Vizcaíno Nieves , Moriyón Ignacio , Blasco José M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrucella melitensis and Brucella ovis are gram-negative pathogens of sheep that cause severe economic losses and, although B. ovis is non-zoonotic, B. melitensis is the main cause of human brucellosis. B. melitensis carries a smooth (S) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with an N-formyl-perosamine O-polysaccharide (O-PS) that is absent in the rough LPS of B. ovis. Their control and eradication require vaccination, but B. melitensis Rev 1, the only vaccine available, triggers anti-O-PS antibodies that interfere in the S-brucellae serodiagnosis. Since eradication and serological surveillance of the zoonotic species are priorities, Rev 1 is banned once B. melitensis is eradicated or where it never existed, hampering B. ovis control and eradication. To develop a B. ovis specific vaccine, we investigated three Brucella live vaccine candidates lacking N-formyl-perosamine O-PS: Bov::CAΔwadB (CO2-independent B. ovis with truncated LPS core oligosaccharide); Rev1::wbdRΔwbkC (carrying N-acetylated O-PS); and H38ΔwbkF (B. melitensis rough mutant with intact LPS core). After confirming their attenuation and protection against B. ovis in mice, were tested in rams for efficacy. H38ΔwbkF yielded similar protection to Rev 1 against B. ovis but Bov::CAΔwadB and Rev1::wbdRΔwbkC conferred no or poor protection, respectively. All H38ΔwbkF vaccinated rams developed a protracted antibody response in ELISA and immunoprecipitation B. ovis diagnostic tests. In contrast, all remained negative in Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests used routinely for B. melitensis diagnosis, though some became positive in S-LPS ELISA owing to LPS core epitope reactivity. Thus, H38ΔwbkF is an interesting candidate for the immunoprophylaxis of B. ovis in B. melitensis-free areas.
Foraging on the wing for fish while migrating over changing landscapes: traveling behaviors vary with available aquatic habitat for Caspian terns
Authors: Rueda-Uribe C. , Lötberg U. , Åkesson S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Birds that forage while covering distance during migration should adjust traveling behaviors as the availability of foraging habitat changes. Particularly, the behavior of those species that depend on bodies of water to find food yet manage to migrate over changing landscapes may be limited by the substantial variation in feeding opportunities along the route.

Methods
Using GPS tracking data, we studied how traveling behaviors vary with available foraging habitat during the long-distance migration of Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), a bird with a specialized diet based on fish that needs bodies of water to forage. We measured individual variation in five traveling behaviors related to foraging along the route and used linear mixed effects models to test the following variables as predictors of traveling behaviors: proportion of overlap with water bodies, weather conditions, days at previous stopover and days of migration. Also, we tested if during traveling days flight height and speed varied with time of day and if birds were in areas with greater proportion of water bodies compared to what would be expected by chance from the landscape.

Results
We found variation in migratory traveling behaviors that was mainly related to the proportion of overlap with water bodies and experienced tailwinds. Suggesting a mixed migratory strategy with fly-and-foraging, Caspian terns reduced travel speed, flew fewer hours of the day, had lower flight heights and increased diurnal over nocturnal migratory flight hours as the proportion of overlap with water bodies increased. Birds had lower flight speeds and higher flight heights during the day, were in foraging habitats with greater proportions of water than expected by chance but avoided foraging detours. Instead, route tortuosity was associated with lower wind support and cloudier skies.

Conclusions
Our findings show how birds may adjust individual behavior as foraging habitat availability changes during migration and contribute to the growing knowledge on mixed migratory strategies of stopover use and fly-and-forage.
The why of open pedagogy: a value-first conceptualization for enhancing instructor praxis
Authors: Werth Eric , Williams Katherine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTheoretical evolution within the field of Open Pedagogy has progressed rapidly in recent years. Practical application, however, has lagged this conceptual development. This article seeks to explore the gap between theory and practice by examining how the use of terms within the open education space may create barriers for instructors new to the concept. The authors of this article argue that the most effective approach to creating momentum toward practices associated with Open Pedagogy is to begin with an alignment of an instructor’s values with the attributes of an open educator. Subject matter experts were consulted in the association of open pedagogical values with specific practices. The result is a visual aid useful for an instructor’s self-assessment or in collaboration with curriculum designers to identify a logical start point for an instructor as they begin their movement from a more traditional to an open approach.
Recent development in functional nanomaterials for sustainable and smart agricultural chemical technologies
Authors: Shao Chen , Zhao Huawei , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNew advances in nanotechnology are driving a wave of technology revolution impacting a broad range of areas in agricultural production. The current work reviews nanopesticides, nano-fabricated fertilizers, and nano activity-based growth promoters reported in the last several years, focusing on mechanisms revealed for preparation and functioning. It appears to us that with many fundamental concepts have been demonstrated over last two decades, new advances in this area continue to expand mainly in three directions, i.e., efficiency improvement, material sustainability and environment-specific stimulation functionalities. It is also evident that environmental and health concerns associated with nano agrochemicals are the primary motivation and focus for most recent work. Challenges and perspectives for future development of nano agrochemicals are also discussed.