bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying driving factors of basin ecosystem service value based on local bivariate spatial correlation patterns
Authors: Ding Xue , Shu Yuqin , Tang Xianzhe , Ma Jingwen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ecosystem service value (ESV) is a crucial indicator for evaluating ecological environment health, and identifying its spatial driving factors will help to provide scientific decision support for ecological protection and restoration. This study takes the Liuxi River Basin in China as the research object and uses the value equivalent method to estimate regional ESV. In the process of using the Geodetector model (GDM), the study area is spatially stratified by using the local bivariate spatial correlation pattern to mine the potential drivers of ESV. The results show that: (1) From 2005 to 2018, the total value of ecosystem services in the Liuxi River Basin showed a fluctuating and increasing trend. ESV has high-value aggregation in the northeastern mountainous areas with high green space coverage and high river distance accessibility and low-value aggregation in the central and southwestern urban areas with frequent human activities. Its spatial heterogeneity and aggregation pattern are of statistical significance. (2) The spatial distribution characteristics of ESV are affected by various driving factors to varying degrees. The order of their degree of influence on ESV is per capita green area > slope > proportion of urban and rural human settlements > river distance accessibility > population. (3) Compared to the previous study, the stratification method employing the local bivariate spatial correlation pattern more fully considers the spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity. It effectively captures the spatial explanatory power of driving factors. This study can provide new ideas for capturing the driving mechanisms of ESV and insights into the sustainable development of the ecological environment in other regions with similar characteristics worldwide.
In vitro cestocidal activity of Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre, a traditionally used anthelmintic plant in India
Authors: Nagi Keleni-i , Roy Bishnupada , Yadav Arun K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate the anthelmintic effects of Persicaria hydropiper, a traditionally used anthelmintic plant in India. The in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of methanol leaf extract of P. hydropiperwas assessed on the basis of paralysis and mortality of Raillietina echinobothrida, the intestinal cestode parasite of domestic fowl, following exposure to 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml concentrations of extract. The effects of extract were also observed on the body surface of parasite by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of extract is dose-dependent. The highest efficacy was observed by 30 mg/ml concentration of extract, in which the mortality of parasites occurred in 4.79 ± 0.17 h, in comparison to control, where the parasites showed survival till 45.63 ± 0.18 h. The SEM observations of extract-treated parasites revealed notable impairment in scolex, with distorted suckers and eroded spines. Also, the tegument was observed shrunken with impaired microtriches. The results indicate that P. hydropiper leaves possess significant anthelmintic efficacy and justify their use in traditional medicine against intestinal worms.
Factors associated with stunting in children under-5 in Sudan A secondary analysis of the second Sudan Household Health Survey, 2010
Authors: Gaafar Reem , Mukhtar Abdel Moniem , Minarcine Suzanne Marlowe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Stunting is a measure of health inequalities between children with implications that extend into adulthood. Sudan is one of 14 countries carrying 80% of the global burden of stunting. Stunting is reversible if addressed in the first 1000 days of life, so it is essential to identify associated factors in order to target them through government policy. This study aimed to identify factors associated with stunting in children under 5 in Sudan. A secondary analysis of the Sudan Household Health Survey 2010 was done following the UNICEF framework for child under-nutrition which identifies immediate, underlying, and basic factors. We used the chi-square test and multiple regression to adjust for potential confounders. We found that 33.4% (n = 3734) of the children in our study were stunted. Stunting was more common among males, children living in rural areas, born to or household heads with no education, living in households without toilets and had suffered from diarrhea in the past two weeks. Poverty, rurality, poor education and poor sanitation are reversible socioeconomic factors significantly associated with childhood stunting. Government policies aiming to promote child health in Sudan should include poverty-reduction strategies, proper housing, rural development and improving girls’ and women’s education.
Cytotoxic effects of novel 2-methylthio dihydropyrimidines on human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines
Authors: Toguchi Yuki , Kikuchi Hidetomo , Nishimura Yoshio , Yuan Bo , Arai Rie , Cho Hidetsura , Sunaga Katsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dihydropyrimidines (DPs), one of the six-membered heterocyclic compounds, are well known to have a wide range of pharmacological activities including anticancer. Recently, our previous studies have demonstrated that 6-unsubstituted 2-thioxo-, 2-oxo-, and 2-amino DPs, and 4,4-disubstituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and -thiones induced cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, suggesting that DPs can serve as promising candidates for anticancer treatment. In the current study, the effects of novel 2-methylthio DPs, benzyl 4,4,6-trimethyl-2-methylthio-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (DP03) and ethyl 6-methyl-2-methylthio-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (DP09) were investigated by focusing on cell viability in human leukemia cell lines, NB4 and HL-60 cells together with other seventeen types of novel 2-methylthio DPs. Our study demonstrated treatment with DP03 at the low concentration for 96 h resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability of NB4 rather than HL-60 cells, whereas treatment with DP09 under the same condition was diametrically opposed to NB4 and HL-60 cells. Whether cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and cell death are involved in the DP03-induced cytotoxicity of NB4 cells was further investigated. Instead of necrosis, differentiation, and cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction was observed in DP03-treated NB4 cells. DP03-triggered apoptosis was accompanied by the activation of caspase-8, -9, and − 3 but not caspase-12, and DP03-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited by a pan-caspase inhibitor, but not the specific inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription. Their finding suggests that induction of apoptosis associated with the activation of caspase-8, -9, and − 3 contributed to the cytotoxicity of DP03 against NB4 cells.
Compare analysis of the PRNP gene indels polymorphism and expression among Yellow cattle, Zhongdian Yak and their hybrid
Authors: He Xiaoming , Memon Sameeullah , Yue Dan , Zhu Junhong , Lu Ying , Liu Xingneng , Xiong Heli , Li Guozhi , Deng Weidong , Xi Dongmei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal disease in cattle caused by misfolded prion protein and linked to indel polymorphisms in promoter and intron1 of PRNP gene. The aim of this study was to determine the allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of PRNP indel polymorphisms and to investigate the effect of PRNP gene expression of 23bp and 12bp Indels by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Zhongdian Yak (Bos-grunniens) (YK), Zhongdian Yellow cattle (Bos-taurus) (YC) and Zhongdian Yakow (Bos-primigenius taurus×Bos-grunniens) (PK). Resultant, high allelic frequencies were found in 23- and 12+, while haplotype frequencies were very low in 23+/12 in YK, YC and PK. PRNP expression was higher +-/-- diplotype of PK and (mean ± SE) were 3.6578 ± 1.85964. Furthermore, two variable sites were investigated, 23bp indels polymorphism holding AP1-binding site and 12bp indels polymorphism holding SP1-binding site. Additionally, Reporter gene assays revealed a link between two proposed transcription factors and lower expression levels of +/+ allele as compared to -/- allele. The expression level of PRNP was shown to be dependent on two indels polymorphisms in bovine PRNP promoter, which includes binding sites for RP58 and SP1 transcription factors, and results suggested that PRNP genotype may contributing to high variation of PRNP expression.
Molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance genes in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Odisha, India: A decade after CQ withdrawal
Authors: Rana Ramakanta , Khan Nikhat , Sandeepta Sonali , Pati Sanghamitra , Das Aparup , Bal Madhusmita , Ranjit Manoranjan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: India has targeted to eliminate malaria by 2030. Surveillance of drug-resistant malaria parasites in different endemic settings country is a pressing need to achieve the target in the face of emerging drug resistance. In Odisha, the highest contributor of malaria cases to the national pool has changed the drug policy in 2009 following increasing of failure rate of treatment with chloroquine (CQ). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum molecular markers that are associated with resistance to CQ, S-P, and ART in Odisha 10 years after the institution of the new policy.
METHODS: The study was conducted from July 2018 to November 2020 among the patients attending Government Health facilities, selected randomly in four different physiographical regions of the state. The prevalence of critical point mutations in the genes of Pfcrt (codon 76),
Pfmdr1(codon 86), Pfdhfr (codons, 16, 50, 51, 59, 108, and 164), Pfdhps (codons 436, 437, 540, 581, and 613) and PfK13 gene were examined in parasite isolates.
RESULTS: The prevalence of Pfcrt (K76T) was 2.1% and Pfmdr1 (N86Y) 3.4%. None of the five mutations in the Pfkelch13 gene associated with resistance to artemisininwas detected. The overall prevalence of Pfdhfr mutations was 50.4% with a total number of 12 genotypes. The Pfdhfr C59R mutation was the most common (41.8%), followed by the C50R mutation (40.8%) and S108N mutation (39.2%). The overall prevalence of Pfdhps mutations was 40.1% with a total number of 26 genotypes. The maximum number of mutations was found at codon S436A (26.7%) followed by A613S (17.6%) and K540E(17.2%). No isolate with Pfdhfr triple mutation (N51I/ C59R/S108N) combined with Pfdhps double mutation (A437G/K540E) was found in the studied sample.
CONCLUSION: These results predict the return of susceptibility of P. falciparum to CQ ten years after the change of malaria treatment policy, while confirming the emergence of parasite resistance to S-P in the state of Odisha. Additional surveillance in the same region and other malaria-endemic parts of the country may help to provide evidence for drug policy updates.
Anorectal functional outcomes after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME): a Random Forest analysis to predict patients' outcomes
Authors: Tirelli Flavio , Lorenzon Laura , Biondi Alberto , Neri Ilaria , Santoro Gloria , Persiani Roberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background. Anorectal, sexual and urinary dysfunctions are still common issues after rectal cancer surgery, although seldom explored.
Objective. To investigate the entire spectrum of anorectal urinary, and sexual functional outcomes in patients treated with trans-anal total mesorectal excision (TaTME).
Design. Patients with a mid-/low-rectal cancer (1-11 cm from the anorectal junction) treated with TaTME between 2015-2020, were interviewed after surgery using validated questionnaires. Statistical analyses were computed to identify variables correlated with worse outcomes and to provide a decision tree algorithm.
Setting. University Research Hospital, high volume referral center for rectal cancer surgery.
Patients. Patients were included if undergoing TaTME with primary anastomosis with or without diverting ileostomy/colostomy. Only patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months (from stoma reversal or from the primary procedure) were selected.
Interventions. Patients were interviewed using the CCFIS - Wexner Scale, LARS score, ICIQ-MLUTS, ICIQ-FLUTS, IIEF and FSFI questionnaires.
Main Outcome Measures. The primary outcome measure was the bowel function. Secondary outcomes were urinary and sexual functional data.
Results. Out of 154 patients treated with TaTME, 97 were included (mean age: 66.1 years, M/F 1.7). Sixty-seven percent underwent NAD and 88.7% had a protective stoma. Patients were interviewed in a mean time of 19.0±9.3 months after primary or stoma reversal surgery. Mean Wexner score was 3.8±4.8, whereas mean LARS score was 17.4±13.8. Statistical analyses documented that increased age, operative time and interval to stoma reversal correlated with worse Wexner-LARS categories. The Random Forest analyses documented worse LARS symptoms among patients with an operative time>295 minutes and a stoma reversal performed after more than 5.6 months. Among those who carried a stoma from 3-5.6 months, patients older than 65 years reported anorectal postoperative dysfunction.
Limitations. Single center experience with no comparison group.
Conclusions. TaTME can provide good long-term results for the anorectal functions. An algorithm with specific risk categories was provided to identify sub-groups at risk to develop major LARS syndrome.
The value of hydrogen for global climate change mitigation
Authors: Wolfram Paul , Kyle Page , Fuhrmann Jay , O'Rourke Patrick , McJeon Haewon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the search for low-carbon energy carriers, there is renewed interest in hydrogen. However, it remains highly uncertain to what extent hydrogen may be deployed in a future energy system, and at what cost. We improve on the state-of-the-art integrated assessment model GCAM and run several scenarios in which the global energy system reaches carbon neutrality by deploying different mitigation technology portfolios, including hydrogen, direct electrification, and negative emission technologies. Across a range of scenarios we confirm that hydrogen is an important mitigation technology for 'difficult-to-electrify' sectors such as cement, fertilizer, chemical, and iron and steel production, international shipping and heavy freight truck transport. Crucially however, we find that deploying hydrogen can reduce mid-century mitigation costs by 15-23%, compared to counterpart scenarios without hydrogen availability. Our findings can guide optimal investment decisions for effective climate change mitigation.
Superhydrophobic encapsulation of flexible Bi2Te3/CNT coated thermoelectric fabric via layer-by-layer assembly
Authors: Ding Ding , Wu Qian , Wang Jinmei , Chen Yixun , Li Qian , Hou Lin , Zhao Lei , Xu Yan-yan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fabric based flexible thermoelectric materials capable of converting body heat to electricity are promising in self-powered wearable electronic applications. To improve the thermoelectric performance and the wearability of fabric based thermoelectric materials, a superhydrophobic encapsulated Bi2Te3/CNT thermoelectric fabric was introduced. Through layer-by-layer assembly process, Bi2Te3 and CNT were coated onto the surface of cotton fabric substrate, respectively. The prepared thermoelectric fabric has great flexibility and a power factor of 0.15µW·m− 1·K− 2. A thermoelectric generator consists of five Bi2Te3/CNT fabric legs could generate an output voltage of 1.8mV under a temperature difference of 30°C and could be easily attached to the end of sleeves or socks. A double layer superhydrophobic encapsulation composed of silicone, PDMS and PMMA was coated onto the surface of Bi2Te3/CNT fabric to isolated it from the ambient environment. The encapsulation layer, with a water contact angle of 158.6° and a sliding angle of 6.5°, exhibits great self-cleaning property and flexibility. This concept of superhydrophobic thermoelectric fabric paves new way to improve the durability and wearability of thermoelectric generators.
Artificial intelligence-based radiomics for the prediction of nodal metastasis in early-stage lung cancer
Authors: Shimada Yoshihisa , Kudo Yujin , Maehara Sachio , Fukuta Kentaro , Masuno Ryuhei , Park Jinho , Ikeda Norihiko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics with artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting pathological lymph node metastasis (pN) in patients with clinical stage 0–IA non-small cell lung cancer (c-stage 0–IA NSCLC). This study enrolled 720 patients who underwent complete surgical resection for clinical stage 0–IA NSCLC, and were assigned to the derivation and validation cohorts. Using the AI software Beta Version (Fujifilm Corporation, Japan), 39 AI imaging factors, including 17 factors from the AI ground-glass nodule analysis and 22 radiomics features from nodule characterization analysis, were extracted to identify factors associated with pN. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage IA3 (p = .028), solid-part size (p < .001), and average solid CT value (p = .033) were independently associated with pN. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve and optimal cut-off values of the average solid CT value relevant to pN were 0.761 and − 103 Hounsfield units, and the threshold value provided sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values of 67%, 59%, and 93%, respectively. Measuring the average solid-CT value of tumors for pN may have broad clinical applications such as guiding surgical approaches and individualized postoperative treatment.
“There is no cure for Tuberculosis”: An Anthropological investigation on social perception, prejudice, and stigma in Bangladesh
Authors: Dutta Goutam Kumar , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Bhattacharyya Dipika Shankar , Rahman Md. Musfikur , Dey Palash Kumar , Nur Mosa Effat , Alom Kazi Robiul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems around the globe. Evidence suggests that TB has social dimensions related to perception, prejudice, and stigma that create barriers for patients in accessing health care. However, there is more such evidence required in the Bangladesh context. Therefore, we aimed to explore the existing perceptions and prejudice towards tuberculosis among patients attending a divisional level TB hospital in Bangladesh and how these perceptions and prejudice process the stigmatization of the patients in their societal environment.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study, we applied qualitative phenomenological approaches. We conducted 20 In-depth Interviews (IDIs) with the patients, and attendants of patients of the hospital to capture a range of information through purposive sampling. We carried out a thematic analysis of their lived experiences.
Results
The majority participants upheld their beliefs and experiences which identified as misperceptions and prejudice to TB infection that induced them to stigmatization and isolation in society. They also revealed that if they are infected by TB there is no way to cure this disease. Moreover, the dominant group (not infected) knew about that (disease), no one wanted to touch the TB patients. Finally, family, friends, and kinsmen remain alienated from the TB infected persons which in turn makes those persons isolated from the family and society.
Conclusion
The identified lived experiences can inform policy-makers and program implementers to adopt socially and culturally appropriate interventions that can improve treatment adherence of TB patients in the community level of Bangladesh.
Chaos Synchronization Using Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control Applied on Chua’s Circuit
Authors: Chibani Abdelilah , Daaou Bachir , Gouichiche Abdelmadjid , Safa Ahmed , Badaoui Yacine , Chedjara Zakaria 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chua’s circuit is the classic chaotic system and the most widely used in serval areas since it offers many advantages in the case of secure communication. Developing an accurate chaos control strategy is one of the most challenging works in synchronization or suppression or secure communication plant for the chaotic behavior. To avoid chaotic behavior in terms of synchronization or suppression. this study presents a chaos control strategy for Chua’s circuit. A new application of super twisting algorithm (STC) based on sliding mode control (SMC) is applied aiming to eliminate or synchronize the chaotic behavior. Therefore, the designed control scheme is robust against the system uncertainty with a good regulation tracking task. Using the Lyapunov stability, the property of asymptotical stability is verified. The whole of the system including the (control strategy, and Chua’s circuit) is implemented under a suitable test setup based on dSpace1104 to validate the effectiveness of our proposed control scheme.
Molecular and expression characterization of insulin-like signaling in development and metabolism of Aedes albopictus mosquito
Authors: Dai Yi , Li Xin , Ding Jinying , Liang Zihan , Guo Renxian , Yi Tangwei , Zhu Yihan , Chen Siqi , Liang Shaohui , Liu Wenquan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Insulin-like signaling (IS) is a conserved pathway in all metazoans. In insects, IS pathway is activated by the binding of Insulin-like peptides (ILPs) and insulin receptor (InR), and is involved in the development, reproduction, and longevity by regulating ERK/AKT cascades. A varying number of ILPs were identified in the Aedes aegypti mosquitos and other insects. Aedes Albopictus (Ae. Albopictus), a major vector for transmitting dengue fever, is fast spreading worldwide. Until now, the molecular and expression characteristics of IS pathway have not been investigated in Ae. Albopictus.
Methods
The orthologues of ILP in Ae. albopictus genome assembly were analyzed by using sequence blast. Phylogenetic analysis and molecular characterization were performed to identify the functional domains of Ae.albopictus ILPs (AalbILPs). Quantitative analysis was performed to determine the expression characteristics of ILPs, InR and ERK/AKT cascades in the lifespan, and different tissues of female adults after blood feeding. In addition, knockdown of InR was achieved by feeding larvae with E.coli-producing dsRNA to investigate the impact of IS pathway on mosquito development.
Results
We identified seven putative AalbILP genes in the Ae. Albopictus genome assembly, based on nucleotide similarity to the ILPs of Ae. Aegypti and other insects. Bioinformatics and molecular analyses suggested that the AalbILPs contain the structural motif which is conserved in the insulin superfamily. Expression levels of AalbILPs, InR and ERK/AKT varied among developmental stages and between male and female Ae. Albopictus. Quantitative analyses revealed that expression of ILP6, the putative orthologue of the IGF, was highest in midgut of female adults after blood meals. Knockdown of InR induces a significant decrease in the phosphorylation levels of ERK and AKT proteins, and results in developmental delays and smaller body sizes of Ae. Albopictus mosquito.
Conclusions
The IS pathway of Ae. Albopictus mosquito contains ILP1-7, InR, and ERK/AKT cascades, which exhibited different developmental and tissue expression characteristics. Feeding larvae with E.coli-producing InR dsRNA blocks the ERK and AKT cascades and interferes with the development of Ae. Albopictus mosquito. Our data suggest that IS pathway plays an important role in the metabolism and developmental process and could represent a target for controlling mosquito-borne diseases.