bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential role of rhizosphere microbiome on root exudations and phosphorus uptake of rice under flooded soil culture
Authors: Mukai Mana , Hiruma Kei , Nishigaki Tomohiro , Utami Yuniar Devi , Otaka Junnosuke , Yoshihashi Tadashi , Saliou Sarr Papa , Oo Aung Zaw , Takai Toshiyuki , TSUJIMOTO YASUHIRO 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The response of rice plants to P deficiency together with rhizosphere microorganisms is yet to be explored in flooded soil cultures. This study aimed to identify how alterations in bacterial diversity are associated with underground metabolic and chemical reactions in the rhizosphere of rice.
Methods
Two rice varieties were grown in a split-root box under flooded conditions and filled with either P-applied or non-P-applied soils with or without γ-irradiation. At 41–42 days after transplanting, plant biomass, P uptake, exudation rates of total carbon and low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) from the roots, and bacterial diversity, P fractions, and phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere were determined.
Results
γ-irradiation significantly decreased plant P uptake and biomass of both varieties and reduced the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and microbiome beta diversity in the rhizosphere. Concurrently, the use of insoluble P in soils was evidently reduced by irradiation. These microbiological and chemical changes in the γ-irradiated rhizosphere occurred in both P-applied and non-P-applied soils. On the other hand, the proportion of LMWOAs and exudation of citric acid, high in P-solubilization capacity were increased in the γ-irradiated and P-applied rhizosphere soils at the expense of other carbons. No differences were detected in phosphatase activity in any treatments.
Conclusion
Dysbiosis in the rhizosphere microbiome negatively affected rice growth and the use of insoluble P pools in flooded soil cultures. With a reduction in microbiome diversity, rice plants may have a complementary strategy to increase the exudation proportion of citric acid toward the P-rich soil area.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of assisted reproductive technology versus unassisted pregnancy: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Sheng Yujia , Mu Sifeila , Tang Yao , Liu Haiyan , Li Ruixia , Yu Min , Gu Weirong , Peng Ting 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is generally safe, but still associated with risks of various adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all deliveries (through either ART or unassisted pregnancy) during a period from January 5th, 2015 to September 30th, 2020 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was conducted to compare adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes between ART and unassisted pregnancy. The PSM was performed at a 1:4 ratio using a caliper width that equals to 0.02 of the standard deviation of the propensity score logit. The results are presented as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).Results: We screened a total of 78,022 deliveries: 4,310 (5.5%) through ART and the remaining 73,712 (94.5%) through unassisted pregnancy. The ART group had older age (33.2±3.9 vs 30.4±4.0 years), higher rate of cesarean section (70.2% vs 38.1%) and multiple pregnancies (23.6% vs 1.7%). In the PSM analysis (4,218 and 15,003 deliveries, respectively), the ART group had higher risks of preeclampsia (10.5% vs 5.7%, RR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.44-1.71), gestational diabetes mellitus (19.5% vs 16.0%, RR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.16-1.38) and placenta-related diseases, including placenta previa (2.7% vs 1.8%, RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.21-1.89), placenta accreta spectrum (6.8% vs 3.0%, RR: 1.95, 95%CI: 1.72-2.22) and abnormal placental morphology (8.4% vs 5.5%, RR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.14-1.30). In singletons, the ART group had higher risks of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) (13.7% vs 10.2%, RR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.25-1.57) and stillbirth (0.3% vs 0.1%, RR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.25-4.03) but lower risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (4.2% vs 5.4%, RR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.73-0.97). In multiple births, the ART group had lower risks of SGA (13.4% vs 17.8%, RR:0.83, 95%CI: 0.74-0.93), preterm birth (44.8% vs 59.2%, RR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.49-0.64) and stillbirth (0.1% vs 0.6%, RR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.20-0.90). Analysis of the overall, pre-matching study population yielded largely similar findings.Conclusion: Pregnancy through ART was associated with higher risks of most maternal outcomes. Interestingly, the risks of neonatal outcomes differed between singleton and multiple birth groups.
Handling strategies of novice and experienced baggage handlers when using an extendable roller track conveyor in the cargo hold of a narrow-body aircraft
Authors: Mostosi Christian , Stéphenne Jean-François , Kempeneers Edelhart , Denis Denys , Plamondon André , Dierick Frédéric 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: To observe manual load handling using an extendable roller track conveyor (ERC) in a kneeling posture in narrow-body aircrafts.Methods: At Brussels South Charleroi Airport, we filmed 58 workers with different levels of experience, experienced and novices, loading and unloading aircrafts.Results: The sequences showed different strategies of the handlers and were sorted according to ergonomic criteria. Conclusions: Video observation can be useful to analyse and improve posture at work, especially when comparing experienced and novices. A more specific training, using videos would be more effective to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and to allow safer and improved use of an ERC.
Higher Visual Gain Contributions to Bilateral Motor Synergies and Force Control Stabilization
Authors: Lee Tae Lee , Lee Hanall , Kang Nyeonju , Cauraugh James H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Visual information is a critical component that influences bimanual force control stabilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of altered visual gain levels on bimanual force control strategies between multiple trials and within a trial. Twelve healthy young participants performed bimanual submaximal force control tasks by executing index finger abduction isometric movements across four different visual gain conditions (i.e., 8, 80, 256, and 512 pixels/N). We followed the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) approach to determine synergistic coordination patterns between two hands across multiple trials (i.e., bilateral motor synergies). Within a trial, force accuracy and variability were calculated to quantify bimanual force control capabilities (i.e., task stabilization). Further, we examined correlations between changes in UCM variables and force control performance from the lowest to higher visual gain conditions, respectively. The findings revealed that the values of bilateral motor synergies at 80, 256, and 512 pixels/N were significantly higher than those at 8 pixels/N. Further, force error at 80, 256, and 512 pixels/N were significantly less than those at 8 pixels/N. In UCM terms, as visual gain increased from 8 pixels/N, less amount of bad variability across multiple trials was significantly related to a reduction of force error within a trial. These findings provide supporting evidence that higher values of visual gain contribute to improved bimanual coordination function across multiple trials as well as task stabilization within trials.
SIRT4 enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU by inhibiting ammonia-mediated autophagy
Authors: Xu Bo , Cai Liangliang , Xiao Hua , Cai Guohao , Sun Pingliang , Huang Guoyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
5-FU is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer that improves the survival rate of patients. However, 5-FU monotherapy has a poor effect on advanced colorectal cancer. Therefore, combining multiple drugs to increase the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU is critical. We previously reported that SIRT4 has a tumor-suppressing effect in colorectal cancer. It can inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer cells and increase their sensitivity to 5-FU. This study aimed to investigate the role of SIRT4 in increasing the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU, with a focus on the SIRT4-regulated autophagy pathway.
Methods
5-FU-induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells were determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay. The role of SIRT4 on the regulation of autophagy and glutamine metabolism was analyzed using immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, CCK-8, immunoprecipitation and siRNA silencing.
Result
SIRT4 increased the inhibition rate of proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells caused by 5-FU. Mechanistic dissection revealed that SIRT4 inhibited GDH enzyme activity and further inhibited the production of ammonia, which negatively contributed to the induction of autophagy. Moreover, SIRT4 enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells exposed to 5-FU by inhibiting autophagy.
Conclusion
These findings identify a new role of SIRT4 in autophagy manipulation and demonstrate the molecular mechanism of SIRT4 in enhancing the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU, providing a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of 5-FU for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Mfsd2a attenuated hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via protection of the blood-brain barrier in mfat-1 transgenic mice
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Zhang Yumeng , Chang Jianghao , Zhang Chenglin , Li Lin , Dai Yifan , Yang Haiyuan , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that mfat-1 transgenic mice have protective effects against certain central nervous system (CNS) disorders, mainly through the high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content enriched in the brain without mentioning the blood - brain barrier (BBB). This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) of mfat-1 transgenic mice. We first found the mfat-1 mice showed a significant amelioration of neurological dysfunction and neuronal damage associated with elevated major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a) expression on the BBB after HIBD. Knockdown of Mfsd2a by siRNA intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) injection neutralized the protective effect against HIBD-induced BBB disruption in mfat-1 mice, further validating the protective function of Mfsd2a on BBB. Mfsd2a attenuated BBB high-permeability caused by HIBD through inhibiting caveolae-like vesicles-mediated transcytosis. Taken together, these results not only reveal mfat-1 transgenic mice have higher expression of Mfsd2a on the BBB, which partly sustains BBB permeability via vesicular transcytosis to alleviate the degree of HIBD but also suggest that dietary intake of LPC-DHA may upregulate Mfsd2a expression as a novel therapeutic strategy for BBB dysfunction and survival in HIBD patients.
Assessing essential service provision for prevention and management of violence against women in a remote indigenous community in Amantani, Peru
Authors: Calderon Maria , Cortez-Vergara Carla , Brown Laura , Lowe Hattie , Abarca Blenda , Rondon Marta , Mannell Jenevieve 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Establishing links to existing support services is an essential part of ethically conducting research on violence against women and girls. When services are not available, as is often the case in many remote indigenous communities, it may be necessary to provide a basic package of services as part of the research process. However, there is currently little evidence available on how services meet the needs of indigenous women experiencing violence in Peru in order to support them throughout the research process. Methods: We assessed existing service provision for women experiencing violence in an indigenous Quechua community from Amantaní, Peru. This involved 17 key informant interviews with legal, government, police, and civil society representatives. We used the UN Women Essential Services Package for Women and Girls Subject to Violence framework to guide our analysis.Results: Participants identified major gaps in existing services for indigenous women survivors of violence in Peru. They discussed survivors and perpetrators not being identified by the health system, a lack of intimate partner violence (IPV) response training for health professionals, IPV not being prioritised as a health concern, and a lack of health services that are culturally appropriate for indigenous populations. Survivors who report to police are often treated poorly and discriminated against. Legal systems were perceived as insufficient and ineffective, with inadequate legal measures for perpetrators. While legal and policy frameworks exist, they are often not applied in practice. Service provision in this region needs to adopt an intercultural, rights based, gendered approach to IPV response and prevention, considering cultural and linguistic relevance for indigenous populations.Conclusion: The role of structural violence in perpetuating indigenous women’s experiences of violence and undermining their access to services must be central to designing and implementing appropriate policies and services if they are to meet the needs of indigenous women in Peru.
Influence of Stress on the Physiological and Psychological Well-being of Medical Students, as measured by Heart Rate Variability and the Perceived Stress Scale
Authors: Miller Mark , Miller Matthew , Weldon Samuel , Cintron Nathaniel , Kelleher Cade , Lorenzo Santiago 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: It is well documented that stress poses a serious challenge to students’ health in medical school. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is the most widely used psychological instrument for measuring the perception of stress. Heart rate variability (HRV) may provide an objective measure of the physiologic index of stress in medical students. This study investigated the impact of one semester of medical school on HRV and PSS in first-year medical students. Methods: Forty-eight first-year medical students at the Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton campus were recruited for a prospective observational study from January through December of 2021. HRV analysis via electrocardiogram was performed alongside PSS administration at the beginning, as well as at the end of a medical school semester. Paired t-tests were performed to assess HRV via SDNN, RMSSD, and PSS scores. Pearson Correlation analysis was performed to investigate correlations between HRV indices and PSS results. Results: By the end of the academic semester, students presented with increased PSS scores compared to the beginning of the academic semester (12.674 ± 0.750 vs 20.587 ± 1.004, P < 0.001). There were also statistically significant decreases in HRV post semester as measured by SDNN (108.16 ± 13.86 vs 56.36 ± 4.07, P < 0.001) as well as RMSSD (127.43 ± 21.71 vs. 61.55 ± 34.92, P < 0.001). Pearson Product Moment Correlation was performed and revealed a statistically significant inverse relationship between percent changes in PSS compared to percent changes in SDNN (R-value -0.334, P = 0.0287) as well as percent changes in RMSSD (R-value -0.369, P = 0.0149). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that first-year medical students are experiencing significant levels of stress after an entire academic semester. This study demonstrates that HRV may provide a reliable way to assess a student's level of stress that is objective and does not rely on subjective measures such as the PSS questionnaire. This study highlights the importance for medical schools to improve their student wellness initiatives and mental health monitoring.
The influence of human leukocyte antigen class I loci -A, -B, -C, and class II HLA-DRB1 alleles in a Brazilian HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) population and association with disease outcome and proviral load
Authors: Schor Doris , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Roma Eric Henrique , Castro-Alves Julio , Villela Anna Paula , Araújo Abelardo Q. C. , Bonecini-Almeida Maria da Gloria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Around ten million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide, and 1–4% develop HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), characterized by an important degeneration of the spinal cord, that can lead to death. Distinct HLA alleles have been associated with either HAM/TSP susceptibility or protection. However, these HLA alleles set may change according to the population studied. Brazil is the second country in the number of HTLV-1 infected people and there are few reports addressing the HLA influence on HTLV-1 infection as well as on disease outcome.
Results
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of HLA alleles as a risk factor for HAM/TSP and the proviral load (PVL) levels, clinical progression, and death outcomes in an admixed Brazilian population. The HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 were genotyped in 375 HTLV-1-infected individuals divided into asymptomatic carriers (AC) (n = 165) and HAM/TSP (n = 210) in a longitudinal cohort from eight to 22 years of follow-up. The alleles HLA-A*68 and -C*07 were related to HAM/TSP risk in multivariate analysis. The alleles HLA-A*33, and -A*36 were associated with protection against disease progression in HAM/TSP patients, while HLA-B*37, -C*12, -C*14, and -DRB1*08 were associated with increased risk of death. In the AC group, the presence of HLA-B*45, -B*47, -B*58, -C*06 and -DRB1*15 alleles influenced an increased PVL, in an adjusted linear regression model, while -A*30, -A*34, -B*40, -C*06, -C*17 and -DRB1*09 alleles were associated with increased PVL in HAM/TSP group compared to HAM/TSP individuals not carrying these alleles. All these alleles were also related to increased PVL associated with clinical progression outcome. Increased PVL associated with the death outcome was linked to the presence of HLA-A*30.
Conclusions
PVL has been associated with HLA, and several alleles were related in AC and HAM/TSP patients with or without interacting with clinical progression outcomes. Understanding the prognostic value of HLA in HAM/TSP pathogenesis can provide important biomarkers tools to improve clinical management and contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic interventions.
Decadal Decline in Maternal Body Condition of a Southern Ocean Capital Breeder
Authors: Vermeulen Els , Thavar Terriann , Glarou Maria , Ganswindt Andre , Christiansen Fredrik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The changing physical properties of the Southern Ocean are known to impact the recruitment and survival of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), with knock-on effects on oceanic top predators. Considering this relates to a reduced energy intake, population-level effects are likely preceded by alterations in the animal’s body condition. This is especially true for capital breeders, that rely on stored energy for successful reproduction. One such Southern Ocean capital breeder, the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis), has been monitored over the past 43 years in their South African wintering ground. Changes in the population have been documented in the past decade, including a decreased reproductive success and a shift in foraging strategy. Evaluating if a reduced foraging success is an underlying factor, we assessed the temporal variation in morphological body condition through aerial photogrammetry. Results showed a 23% reduction in maternal body condition, possibly contributing to the decreased reproductive success of the population. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify a decadal reduction in the body condition of a capital breeder dependent on Southern Ocean productivity. Understanding the bioenergetic consequences of environmental change is vital to predicting a species’ resilience to climate change.
A Developmental Network Model of Conscious Learning in Biological Brains
Authors: Juyang  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We have seen many advances in computational neuroscience. However, what is still missing is a holistic model that is broad and deep. Being broad, it approximates brain development across a broad range of species (e.g., from fruit flies to humans) without given any tasks cross lifetime. Being deep, it specifies an algorithm so that the model can be verified across a deep and fluid hierarchy of scales without symbolic functional modules, from neurotransmitters, to cells, to wiring, to brain patterning, to behaviors, to intelligence, to consciousness. Fluid means task-nonspecific and for any consciousnesses. This report proposes such a model called Developmental Network 3 (DN-3). A major extension from the predecessor DN-2 to DN-3 is that the new model starts from a single cell zygote so that developmental algorithm develops sensors, a large brain and motors in a coarse-to-fine way, so that wiring and patterning are fully automatic from conception to death. The DNs have been supported by experimental simulations with real sensory data for vision, audition, natural languages, and planning, but this theoretical paper does not present new experiments. This neuromorphic model is informed by, and will be further refined by, biological studies.
Development of a Novel SARS-CoV-2 Immune Complex Vaccine Candidate (CRCx) with Broad Immune Responses: A Preclinical Trial in Animal Model.
Authors: Zayed Khalid , Abdulaziz Sherif , Abdallah Khaled 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), poses a serious threat to global public health and imposes a severe burden on the entire human population. Faced with a virus that can mutate its structure while immunity is incapacitated, a need to develop a universal vaccine that can boost immunity to coronaviruses is highly needed.Design: Five formulations of two types (CRCx2 and CRCx3) of immune complexes with an immunogen adjuvant were evaluated in a mouse model as candidate SARS CoV-2 vaccines in a pretrial prior to clinical trials in humans. CRCx3 comprises 3 different formulas and CRCx2 comprises 2. Balb/c mice were vaccinated intraperitoneally on days 0/7 with a high or low dose of CRCx2 or on days 0/7/14 with a high, medium, or low dose of CRCx3 series, and their blood was sampled for serum antibody measurements. Mice were challenged with live virus after immunization with either vaccine to evaluate prophylaxis ability or treated with them after challenge to evaluate therapeutic ability on day 15. Immunological markers and histopathological studies as well as titration of neutralizing antibodies to the vaccines were evaluated and analyzed.Results: CRCx 3 and CRCx 2 vaccine candidates induced elevated levels of positive neutralizing antibodies as well as a cellular immune response with safety, efficient productivity, and good genetic stability for vaccine manufacturing to provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 with relatively higher levels with the high dose CRCx2 candidate combination.Conclusions: Highly efficient protection and therapeutic effect against SARS-CoV-2 were obtained with a double-dose immunization schedule spaced at 7-day intervals using injections of 0.25 or 0.40 ml of CRCx2 vaccine formulations with a 25-mm needle. These results support further evaluation of CRCx in a clinical trial on humans.