bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximum performance expression is affected by octopamine and antennae removal in Acheta domesticus
Authors: Bubak Andrew , Swallow John , Adeola Fadeke , Lailvaux Simon P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Animals in nature seldom use their maximum performance abilities, likely in part due to context-dependent differences in performance motivation. Despite interest in the factors affecting performance expression, the physiological mechanisms underlying variation in performance motivation are poorly understood. We manipulated levels of the biogenic amine octopamine (OA) to test the hypothesis that OA drives motivation to express maximum bite force in male house crickets. We also tested the effect of antenna removal on bite force given prior evidence of potential links among antennaectomy, aggression, and OA. We found that administration of an OA antagonist, epinastine, significantly decreases realized maximum bite force, as does antenna removal. In addition, the performance decrement induced by antennaectomy is abolished by administration of excess OA, and that rescue effect is itself nullified by the simultaneous administration of epinastine. These data show that OA is an important mediator of performance in insects, and thus of performance motivation, and potentially a promising candidate for the short term manipulation of performance.
Supervised graph co-contrastive learning for drug–target interaction prediction
Authors: Li Yang , Qiao Guanyu , Gao Xin , Wang Guohua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Identification of Drug–Target Interactions (DTIs) is an essential step in drug discovery and repositioning. DTI prediction based on biological experiments is time-consuming and expensive. In recent years, graph learning-based methods have aroused widespread interest and shown certain advantages on this task, where the DTI prediction is often modeled as a binary classification problem of the nodes composed of drug and protein pairs (DPPs). Nevertheless, in many real applications, labeled data are very limited and expensive to obtain. With only a few thousand labeled data, models could hardly recognize comprehensive patterns of DPP node representations, and are unable to capture enough commonsense knowledge, which is required in DTI prediction. Supervised contrastive learning gives an aligned representation of DPP node representations with the same class label. In embedding space, DPP node representations with the same label are pulled together, and those with different labels are pushed apart.

Results
We propose an end-to-end supervised graph co-contrastive learning model for DTI prediction directly from heterogeneous networks. By contrasting the topology structures and semantic features of the drug–protein-pair network, as well as the new selection strategy of positive and negative samples, SGCL-DTI generates a contrastive loss to guide the model optimization in a supervised manner. Comprehensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms the SOTA methods significantly on the task of DTI prediction, especially in the case of cold start. Furthermore, SGCL-DTI provides a new research perspective of contrastive learning for DTI prediction.

Availability and implementation
The research shows that this method has certain applicability in the discovery of drugs, the identification of drug–target pairs and so on.
Progression of cerebral white matter hyperintensities is related to leucocyte gene expression
Authors: Jickling Glen C , Ander Bradley P , Zhan Xinhua , Stamova Boryana , Hull Heather , DeCarli Charles , Sharp Frank R 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCerebral white matter hyperintensities are an important contributor to ageing brain pathology. Progression in white matter hyperintensity volume is associated with cognitive decline and gait impairment. Understanding the factors associated with white matter hyperintensity progression provides insight into pathogenesis and may identify novel treatment targets to improve cognitive health. We postulated that the immune system interaction with cerebral vessels and tissue may be associated with disease progression, and thus evaluated the relationship of blood leucocyte gene expression to progression of cerebral white matter hyperintensities.A brain MRI was obtained at baseline in 166 patients assessed for a cognitive complaint, and then repeated at regular intervals over a median of 5.9 years (interquartile range 3.5–8.2 years). White matter hyperintensity volumes were measured by semi-automated segmentation and percentage change in white matter hyperintensity per year calculated. A venous blood sample obtained at baseline was used to measure whole-genome expression by RNA sequencing. The relationship between change in white matter hyperintensity volumes over time and baseline leucocyte gene expression was analysed.The mean age was 77.8 (SD 7.5) years and 60.2% of participants were female. The median white matter hyperintensity volume was 13.4 ml (SD 17.4 ml). The mean change in white matter hyperintensity volume was 12% per year. Patients were divided in quartiles by percentage change in white matter hyperintensity volume, which was: −3.5% per year in quartile 1, 7.4% per year in quartile 2, 11.7% in quartile 3 and 33.6% per year in quartile 4. There were 148 genes associated with changing white matter hyperintensity volumes over time (P &lt; 0.05 r &gt; |0.2|). Genes and pathways identified have roles in endothelial dysfunction, extracellular matrix remodelling, altered remyelination, inflammation and response to ischaemia. ADAM8, CFD, EPHB4, FPR2, Wnt-B-catenin, focal adhesion kinase and SIGLEC1 were among the identified genes.The progression of white matter hyperintensity volumes over time is associated with genes involved in endothelial dysfunction, extracellular matrix remodelling, altered remyelination, inflammation and response to ischaemia. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of peripheral inflammation in relation to rate of white matter hyperintensity progression and the contribution to cognitive decline.
A Practical Guide to Bayesian Statistics in Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Wilkes Edmund H 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStatistical analyses form a fundamental part of causal inference in the experimental sciences. The statistical paradigm most commonly taught to science students around the world is that of frequentism, with a particular emphasis on the null hypothesis significance testing borne by the work of Neyman and Pearson in the early 20th century. This paradigm is often lauded as being the most objective of methods and remains commonplace in scientific journals. Despite its widespread use—and, indeed, requirement for publication in some journals—this paradigm has received substantial criticism in recent decades, and its impact on scientific publishing has been subjected to deeper scrutiny in response to the replication crisis in the psychological and medical sciences. It has been posited that the increasing use of the Bayesian statistical paradigm, made more accessible through technological advances in the last few decades, may have an important role to play in rendering research and statistical inference more robust, transparent, and reproducible. These methods can have a steep learning curve, and thus this paper seeks to introduce those working within clinical laboratories to the Bayesian paradigm of statistical analysis and provides worked examples of the Bayesian analysis of data commonly encountered in laboratory medicine using freely available, open source tools.
Who has the Time and Responsibility to Decolonize English Studies?
Authors: Talviste Eret 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
What does decolonizing teaching practices and curricula mean, and who has the time and responsibility to consider these issues? This essay thinks about these questions from the first-person, embodied perspective of someone who has recently finished a PhD in modernist literatures of Virginia Woolf and Jean Rhys. In this essay, I think about the issues of precarious employment as an early-career researcher who has held casual contracts and fixed-term research positions in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Estonia. The latter country is my homeland, and Estonian is my native tongue. This essay goes on to consider what it feels like to study English in universities in the UK and finally teach it, as a foreigner to the language and culture one learns and teaches. The first half of this essay is dedicated to sketching out how an immigrant might end up dedicating her career to English, and the second part more specifically talks about how she ended up doing research for a project that looks into practices of decolonizing curricula and inclusive teaching methods by statistical analysis and qualitative interviews with colleagues. The interviews are about issues that the statistical representation will never be able to show and address; in these interviews, the difficult process of decolonization of curricula and teaching really unfolds.
A view from the top: An examination of postfeminist sensibilities in women leaders’ constructions of success and responses to gender inequality in English football
Authors: Bryan Amée 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using data from biographic interviews with women leaders in English football, this article examines women’s constructions of success in the face of gender inequalities and analyses the conditions under which women leaders challenge or repudiate gender inequalities. Through the lens of postfeminist sensibilities, I find that women face an “ideological dilemma” between acknowledging unequal access to football leadership and narrating their success through a discourse of personal choice and merit. Consequently, women leaders were unlikely to reflect on their privileged access to leadership or support institutional changes to address gender equality. Nonetheless, women leaders invested in personal strategies to support future women leaders in football by reclaiming negative narratives about football’s treatment of women and performing acts of “tempered radicalism” to challenge unequal gender relations. These findings show that a postfeminist sensibility in the football workplace can be simultaneously beneficial and detrimental to gender equality efforts as women leaders work to reconcile a collective feminist consciousness with a neoliberal subjectivity. These findings suggest that it is a mistake to position postfeminist sensibilities in opposition to radical gender equality efforts. Instead, we must focus on ways to support women leaders to navigate their complex, fragile, and contradictory positions and capitalize on the ruptures in neoliberal thinking within postfeminist sensibilities that offer opportunities to challenge gender inequalities.
Insect Visitors of Specialty Cut Flowers in High Tunnels
Authors: Nobes Samantha R , Herreid Judith S , Panter Karen L , Jabbour Randa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Various strategies incorporate floral resources into agricultural landscapes to support beneficial insects. Specialty cut flower production offers a rarely explored approach to offer floral resources while yielding a marketable product for growers. We characterized insect visitation to six species of specialty cut flowers. Due to Wyoming’s growing conditions, the flowers were grown in high tunnels, thus offering insight into insect abundance in this unique semi-controlled environment. The flower species tested were Calendula officinalis, Celosia argentea, Daucus carota, Helichrysum bracteatum, Matthiola incana, and a Zinnia elegans-Zinnia hybrida mixture. At least four species were in bloom from early June through late September. The flowers attracted diverse pollinator groups including Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera. Bees most often visited Ca. officinalis, H. bracteatum, and Celosia spicata whereas flies most often visited D. carota. Bombus were the most oft-collected bees from the flowers and were found on all six cut flower species. Wasp abundance varied little across the cut flowers, but wasp community composition was distinct. The highest diversity of wasp families was collected from the Zinnia mixture (seven families) in contrast to less diverse collections from Ce. spicata (two families). The most abundant wasp families collected were Crabronidae and Sphecidae. Our experiment documented that ornamental cut flower species attract pollinator insects into high tunnel environments. All cut flower species tested were visited by multiple types of beneficial insects. Planting a mixture of specialty cut flowers can support insect diversity while also diversifying on-farm agricultural products through sale of cut flower stems.
The clinical outcomes of arthroscopic hip labral repair: a comparison between athletes and non-athletes
Authors: Sheu Huan , Yang Tien-Yu , Tang Hao-Che , Wu Chen-Te , Chen Alvin Chao-Yu , Chan Yi-Sheng 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes after arthroscopic hip labral repair in athletes and non-athletes. The design of this study is a retrospective comparative study. The setting of this study is an institutional study. One hundred and sixteen patients of hip labral tears who underwent arthroscopic labral repair were included. Eighty-five of these patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria (25 athletes and 60 non-athletes). Hip labral tears underwent arthroscopic labral repair. The main outcome measures are as follows: visual analog scale (VAS) and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) 2 years postoperatively and the rate of return to sports at previous level. There was no significant difference in the gender, alpha angle, lateral center-edge angle between the two groups, except for the mean age (19.3 versus 42.2, P &lt; 0.001), Marx activity rating scale (MARS) (14.6 versus 6.8, P &lt; 0.001) and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity rating scale (9.6 versus 5.0, P &lt; 0.001). The intraoperative findings were similar in the two groups. The VAS scores and mHHS both showed a significant improvement after surgery in both groups (VAS improvement 3.6 and mHHS improvement 22.4 in the athlete group; VAS improvement 3.9 and mHHS improvement 25.0 in the non-athlete group, all P &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in VAS improvement or mHHS improvement between the athlete and non-athlete groups. All the patients in the athlete group return to sports at previous level 6 months after the operation. The mean time of return to sports at previous level was 5.4 months. Both athletes and non-athletes demonstrate significant VAS and mHHS improvement following arthroscopic labral repair. The VAS scores improvement and mHHS improvement were similar in the athlete and non-athlete groups after arthroscopic labral repair.
Contrapositionally complemented Heyting algebras and intuitionistic logic with minimal negation
Authors: More Anuj Kumar , Banerjee Mohua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo algebraic structures, the contrapositionally complemented Heyting algebra (ccHa) and the contrapositionally $\vee $ complemented Heyting algebra (c$\vee $cHa), are studied. The salient feature of these algebras is that there are two negations, one intuitionistic and another minimal in nature, along with a condition connecting the two operators. Properties of these algebras are discussed, examples are given and comparisons are made with relevant algebras. Intuitionistic Logic with Minimal Negation (ILM) corresponding to ccHas and its extension ${\textrm {ILM}}$-${\vee }$ for c$\vee $cHas are then investigated. Besides its relations with intuitionistic and minimal logics, ILM is observed to be related to Peirce’s logic and Vakarelov’s logic MIN. With a focus on properties of the two negations, relational semantics for ILM and ${\textrm {ILM}}$-${\vee }$ are obtained with respect to four classes of frames, and inter-translations between the classes preserving truth and validity are provided. ILM and ${\textrm {ILM}}$-${\vee }$ are shown to have the finite model property with respect to these classes of frames and proved to be decidable. Extracting features of the two negations in the algebras, a further investigation is made, following logical studies of negations that define the operators independently of the binary operator of implication. Using Dunn’s logical framework for the purpose, two logics $K_{im}$ and $K_{im-{\vee }}$ are discussed, where the language does not include implication. The $K_{im}$-algebras are reducts of ccHas and are different from relevant algebraic structures having two negations. The negations in the $K_{im}$-algebras and $K_{im-{\vee }}$-algebras are shown to occupy distinct positions in an enhanced form of Dunn’s kite of negations. Relational semantics for $K_{im}$ and $K_{im-{\vee }}$ is provided by a class of frames that are based on Dunn’s compatibility frames. It is observed that this class coincides with one of the four classes giving the relational semantics for ILM and ${\textrm {ILM}}$-${\vee }$.
Viability markers for determination of desiccation tolerance and critical stages during dehydration in Selaginella species
Authors: Alejo-Jacuinde Gerardo , Kean-Galeno Tania , Martínez-Gallardo Norma , Tejero-Díez J Daniel , Mehltreter Klaus , Délano-Frier John P , Oliver Melvin J , Simpson June , Herrera-Estrella Luis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
While most plants die below a threshold of water content, desiccation-tolerant species display specific responses that allow them to survive extreme dehydration. Some of these responses are activated at critical stages during water loss and could represent the difference between desiccation tolerance (DT) and death. Here, we report the development of a simple and reproducible system to determine DT in Selaginella species. The system is based on exposure of excised tissue to a dehydration agent inside small containers, and subsequent evaluation for tissue viability. We evaluated several methodologies to determine viability upon desiccation including: triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, the quantum efficiency of PSII, antioxidant potential, and relative electrolyte leakage. Our results show that the TTC test is a simple and accurate assay to identify novel desiccation-tolerant Selaginella species, and can also indicate viability in other desiccation-tolerant models (i.e. ferns and mosses). The system we developed is particularly useful to identify critical points during the dehydration process. We found that a desiccation-sensitive Selaginella species shows a change in viability when dehydrated to 40% relative water content, indicating the onset of a critical condition at this water content. Comparative studies at critical stages could provide a better understanding of DT mechanisms and unravel insights into the key responses to survive desiccation.
Pain Catastrophizing Mediates the Relationship Between Pain Intensity and Sleep Disturbances in U.S. Veterans With Chronic Pain
Authors: Wilson Marian , Skeiky Lillian , Muck Rachael A , Honn Kimberly A , Williams Rhonda M , Jensen Mark P , Van Dongen Hans P A 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Veterans with chronic pain frequently report comorbid disruptions in sleep and psychological dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether psychological function variables mediate the sleep–pain relationship. Knowledge regarding such contributing factors can inform the development and optimization of treatments for sleep disturbances and pain.

Materials and Methods
In an IRB-approved, registered clinical trial, we collected objective sleep data from U.S. military Veterans with chronic pain (N = 184, ages 23-81) using wrist actigraphy for 7 days and self-reported survey data assessing sleep quality, pain intensity, and psychological function (depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and pain catastrophizing). We investigated the associations between objectively measured and self-reported sleep quality and self-reported pain intensity. In addition, using parallel mediation analyses, we examined whether psychological function variables mediated these associations.

Results
Actigraphy showed suboptimal sleep duration (less than 7 hours) and sleep fragmentation for most participants. Self-reported poor sleep quality and pain intensity were significantly correlated. Pain catastrophizing was found to mediate the association between self-reported sleep quality and pain intensity.

Conclusions
Sleep disturbances in this sample of Veterans with chronic pain included insufficient sleep, fragmented sleep, and perceived poor sleep quality. Analyses suggest that poor perceived sleep quality and pain intensity are mediated via pain catastrophizing. The finding highlights the potential importance of pain catastrophizing in Veterans with chronic pain. Future longitudinal research is needed to determine the extent to which treatments that reduce pain catastrophizing might also improve both sleep and pain outcomes.
Comparing lensing and stellar orbital models of a nearby massive strong-lens galaxy
Authors: Poci Adriano , Smith Russell J 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Exploiting the relative proximity of the nearby strong-lens galaxy SNL-1, we present a critical comparison of the mass estimates derived from independent modelling techniques. We fit triaxial orbit-superposition dynamical models to spatially resolved stellar kinematics, and compare to the constraints derived from lens modelling of high-resolution photometry. From the dynamical model, we measure the total (dynamical) mass enclosed within a projected aperture of radius the Einstein radius to be log10(MEin/M⊙) = 11.00 ± 0.02, which agrees with previous measurements from lens modelling to within $5{\rm {per\ cent}}$. We then explore the intrinsic (de-projected) properties of the best-fitting dynamical model. We find that SNL-1 has approximately constant, intermediate triaxiality at all radii. It is oblate like in the inner regions (around the Einstein radius) and tends towards spherical at larger radii. The stellar velocity ellipsoid gradually transforms from isotropic in the very central regions to radially biased in the outskirts. We find that SNL-1 is dynamically consistent with the broader galaxy population, as measured by the relative fraction of orbit ‘temperatures’ compared to the CALIFA survey. On the mass–size plane, SNL-1 occupies the most-compact edge given its mass, compared to both the MaNGA and SAMI surveys. Finally, we explore how the observed lensing configuration is affected by the orientation of the lens galaxy. We discuss the implications of such detailed models on future combined lensing and dynamical analyses.