bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a prediction model for in-hospital mortality of patients with severe thrombocytopenia
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhang Qiaohong , Jiang Jinwen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRisk stratification and prognosis evaluation of severe thrombocytopenia are essential for clinical treatment and management. Currently, there is currently no reliable predictive model to identify patients at high risk of severe thrombocytopenia. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram model to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with severe thrombocytopenia in the intensive care unit. Patients diagnosed with severe thrombocytopenia (N = 1561) in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were randomly divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. In the training cohort, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with positive stepwise selection were performed to screen the candidate variables, and variables with p < 0.05 were included in the nomogram model. The nomogram model was compared with traditional severity assessment tools and included the following 13 variables: age, cerebrovascular disease, malignant cancer, oxygen saturation, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, respiration rate, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor, continuous renal replacement therapy, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and blood urea nitrogen. The nomogram was well-calibrated. According to the area under the receiver operating characteristics, reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement, the nomogram model performed better than the traditional sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II). Additionally, according to decision curve analysis, a threshold probability between 0.1 and 0.75 indicated that our constructed nomogram model showed more net benefits than the SOFA score and SAPS II. The nomogram model we established showed superior predictive performance and can assist in the quantitative assessment of the prognostic risk in patients with severe thrombocytopenia.
Microbial changes in stool, saliva, serum, and urine before and after anti-TNF-α therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Park Yong Eun , Moon Hye Su , Yong Dongeun , Seo Hochan , Yang Jinho , Shin Tae-Seop , Kim Yoon-Keun , Kim Jin Ran , Lee Yoo Na , Kim Young-Ho , Kim Joo Sung , Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic immune-mediated intestinal inflammatory disorders associated with microbial dysbiosis at multiple sites, particularly the gut. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) agents are important treatments for IBD. We investigated whether microbiome changes at multiple sites can predict the effectiveness of such treatment in IBD. Stool, saliva, serum, and urine biosamples were collected from 19 IBD patients before (V1) and 3 months after (V2) anti-TNF-α treatment, and 19 healthy subjects (control). Microbiota analysis was performed using extracellular vesicles (EVs; all four sample types) and next-generation sequencing (NGS; stool and saliva). The stool, using NGS analysis, was the only sample type in which α-diversity differed significantly between the IBD and control groups at V1 and V2. Relative to non-responders, responders to anti-TNF-α treatment had significantly higher levels of Firmicutes (phylum), Clostridia (class), and Ruminococcaceae (family) in V1 stool, and Prevotella in V1 saliva. Non-responders had significantly higher V2 serum and urine levels of Lachnospiraceae than responders. Finally, Acidovorax caeni was detected in all V1 sample types in responders, but was not detected in non-responders. Microbiome changes at multiple sites may predict the effectiveness of anti-TNF-α treatment in IBD, warranting further research.
Differences of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria are recruited by different watermelon phenotypes relating to rind colors formation
Authors: Xiao Jian , Chen Si-yu , Sun Yan , Yang Shang-dong , He Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo elucidate the biological mechanism of yellow rind formation on watermelon, the characteristics of soil bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria in stem of yellow rind watermelon were analyzed. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, plant stem and rhizosphere soil samples, which collected from yellow and green rind watermelons were used in this paper, respectively. The structural characteristics of the endophytic bacteria in stems and soil bacterial communities in rhizospheres of yellow and green rind watermelons were comparative studied. Firstly, significant different proportions of some dominant bacteria and abundances could be detected between yellow and rind watermelons. Meanwhile, although different abundances of endophytic bacteria could be found, but no significant differences were observed between yellow and green rind watermelons. Moreover, Gemmatimonadota, Myxococcota, WPS-2, norank_f_Gemmatimonadaceae and Bradyrhizobium were the soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizosphere of green rind watermelon. All above results suggest that differences of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria are exactly recruited as “workers” by different watermelon phenotypes relating to rind color formations.
DRL based offloading of industrial IoT applications in wireless powered mobile edge computing
Authors: Chen Wenchao , Zhu Bincheng , Chi Kaikai , Zhang Shubin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMobile edge computing is the network technology for providing computing resources of edge computing server to Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Additionally, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology can provide stable energy supplying to IIoT nodes and to overcome the limited node lifetime problem faced when using batteries. In this paper, the wireless powered mobile edge computing network is considered where the edge computing server transfers RF energy to IIoT nodes which use harvested energy to offload partial computation workload based on OFDMA and also conduct local computation. The aim is to maximise the weighted sum computation rate by jointly optimising the WPT duration and the amount of energy used for offloading at each node for each time frame. This paper proposes an offloading approach based on deep reinforcement learning which is able to quickly obtain the near‐optimal offloading solutions. Specifically, the original offloading problem is decomposed into the sub‐problem of optimising the energy allocated for offloading under a given WPT duration and the top‐problem of optimising the WPT duration. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve the near‐optimal weighted sum computation rate with very low complexity, which is tailored for the practical dynamic‐channel environment.
Adaptive control for manipulators with unknown virtual control coefficients and input nonlinearities
Authors: Zhou Tianyue , Liu Cungen , Wang Huanqing , Sun Yulong , Ma Piming , Zhang Wensheng , Zhu Weihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the adaptive control problem for a one‐link manipulator system driven by a motor with uncertain virtual control coefficients (VCCs) and nonlinearities. The unknown VCCs are composed by the certain and uncertain items, where the first part is decided by the moment of inertia of the manipulator and another is generated by that of the load. An auxiliary variable and the Nussbaum gain technique are invoked to handle the uncertainties of VCCs and input nonlinearities. Moreover, a finite‐time prescribed performance function is introduced to design the adaptive control scheme for the manipulator system, which guarantees the tracking error converges to a fixed interval in a setting time and all signals in the manipulator system are bounded.
Two‐stage single image dehazing network using swin‐transformer
Authors: Li Xiaoling , Hua Zhen , Li Jinjiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHazy images often have color distortion, blur and other visible visual quality degradation, affecting the performance of some advanced visual tasks. Therefore, single image dehazing has always been a challenging and significant problem. Convolutional neural network has been widely used in image dehazing task, but the limitations of convolutional operation limit the development of dehazing task. Nowadays, Transformer offers a holistic approach to CV development and does not grow in location as the network deepens. For this reason, a hierarchical Transformer is introduced for use in the dehazing network. Specifically, the codec is improved and Transformer and CNN are combined to achieve basic feature extraction in the first stage. The encoder only models the global relationship at each layer, reducing the resolution of the feature map continuously and expanding the field of perception. In addition, an inter‐block supervision mechanism is added between encoder unit and decoder unit to refine features and supervise and select them, thus improving the efficiency of feature transmission. In the second stage, the original resolution block is used to extract the local features, and then feature fusion and interaction are carried out. In addition, to ensure the authenticity of the transmission of characteristic signals in the first stage and improve the transmission efficiency of the network, fusion attention mechanism is added between stages. It adds the residual image of the early input features to the image acquired in the first stage, then passes to the next stage. Ablation experiments show that the two‐stage network has significant benefits for image quality and visual effects. The experimental results on RESIDE, O‐Haze, and I‐Haze datasets show that the method is superior to advanced methods in dehazing effectiveness.
Study on preparation and durability of surface microstructure of copper alloy
Authors: Xing Lei , Zhang Qiaoxin , Cai Xu , Yu Jingui , Li Yufa , Gong Xuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces have huge applications in wetting fields. However, the surface is prone to mechanical abrasion and environmental damage in the application. This paper provides an alternative approach to preparing durable superhydrophobic surfaces, reveals the wear mechanism of the copper alloy surface and compares the tribological properties of different surfaces. Then, take the superhydrophobic surface of the circular truncated cone microstructure as an example to verify the durability under friction and wear, atmospheric environment, and acid and alkali media. The results show that compared with the polished surface, the copper alloy surface with microstructures can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of the surface and improve the tribological performance. The prepared superhydrophobic surface can endure abrasion under certain pressure and distance, and keep great stability in the atmospheric environment and acid–base conditions.
Research on key technologies of P2P transaction in virtual power plant based on blockchain
Authors: Li Bin , Yang Fan , Qi Bing , Bai XueFeng , Sun Yi , Chen Songsong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt is a critical part of increasing renewable energy accommodation by using virtual power plant (VPP) to attain carbon neutrality. However, VPP applications primarily consider VPP's participation in power market transactions as a whole and rarely consider the transaction interaction between internal resources. VPP's internal resources complement each other organically, and blockchain technology for distributed transactions has incorporated points. In this article, the authors undertake a study and examine the P2P scenario of VPP internal transactions in light of the issues experienced by DERs transactions. Next, the authors analyse the consensus mechanism, smart contract, inter‐blockchain technology, and game theory, and how to apply them in the P2P scenarios of VPP internal transactions. Further, the authors design the function of the DER transaction system, which lays the foundation for the realisation of the system in the future. Finally, the authors conclude that the potential of blockchain technology in P2P transactions between internal entities of the VPP is significant and warrants further investigation.
Data‐driven detection and identification of IoT‐enabled load‐altering attacks in power grids
Authors: Lakshminarayana Subhash , Sthapit Saurav , Jahangir Hamidreza , Maple Carsten , Poor H. Vincent 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvances in edge computing are powering the development and deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) systems to provide advanced services and resource efficiency. However, large‐scale IoT‐based load‐altering attacks (LAAs) can seriously impact power grid operations, such as destabilising the grid's control loops. Timely detection and identification of any compromised nodes are essential to minimise the adverse effects of these attacks on power grid operations. In this work, two data‐driven algorithms are proposed to detect and identify compromised nodes and the attack parameters of the LAAs. The first method, based on the Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics approach, adopts a sparse regression framework to identify attack parameters that best describe the observed dynamics. The second method, based on physics‐informed neural networks, employs neural networks to infer the attack parameters from the measurements. Both algorithms are presented utilising edge computing for deployment over decentralised architectures. Extensive simulations are performed on IEEE 6‐, 14‐, and 39‐bus systems to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Numerical results confirm that the proposed algorithms outperform existing approaches, such as those based on unscented Kalman filter, support vector machines, and neural networks (NN), and effectively detect and identify locations of attack in a timely manner.
Therapie der Uveitis mit Biologika
Authors: Dingerkus Vita Louisa Sophie , Becker Matthias Dieter , Doycheva Deshka 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Ziel dieser Zusammenfassung ist das Vermitteln einer Übersicht zu den verschiedenen Ansatzpunkten, Wirkmechanismen und Indikationen diverser Biologika, die bei der
Therapie der nichtinfektiösen Uveitis zum Einsatz kommen.
Material und Methoden Etablierte sowie aktuelle Literatur wurden herangezogen, um die biochemischen und pathophysiologischen Grundlagen sowie eine evidenzbasierte Empfehlung zum
Therapieeinsatz verschiedener Biologika bei nichtinfektiöser Uveitis allgemein und bei speziellen Uveitisentitäten darzulegen.
Ergebnisse Für viele Biologika, hier nennenswert TNF-α-Inhibitoren, einige Interleukininhibitoren, Interferone sowie B- und T-Zell-Inhibitoren, liegen mittlerweile gute Daten vor,
was ihren Einsatz in der Uveitistherapie mehr als rechtfertigt. Dies trifft insbesondere für den TNF-α-Inhibitor Adalimumab zu, welcher der einzig zugelassene Vertreter für diese Indikation
unter den vorgestellten Biologika ist.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Biologika haben die Behandlung der Uveitis revolutioniert und sind aus der aktuellen Therapie der intraokularen Entzündung nicht mehr wegzudenken. Biologika
werden bei Ineffektivität oder Unverträglichkeit konventioneller immunsuppressiver Medikamente empfohlen, aber auch bei der Therapie von schwerwiegenden Uveitisformen (z. B. Morbus Behçet).
Die TNF-α-Inhibitoren sind die am häufigsten verwendeten Biologika bei Uveitis.
Kataraktoperation beim Vorliegen einer Fuchs-Endotheldystrophie
Authors: Maier Philip Christian , Reinhard Thomas 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungBei Betroffenen mit einer Fuchs-Endotheldystrophie beginnen die Probleme mit den Augen häufig in einem Alter, in dem sich auch schon erste Anzeichen einer Katarakt zeigen. Und umgekehrt
findet man in der augenärztlichen Praxis immer wieder Patient*innen mit einer deutlichen Katarakt und einer Cornea guttata als Nebenbefund. In beiden Situationen stellt sich dann die Frage,
ob zunächst nur eine posteriore lamelläre Keratoplastik (in Deutschland meist als DMEK) bzw. nur eine Kataraktoperation erfolgen oder ob gleich ein kombiniertes Vorgehen (sog.
Triple-Operation) angestrebt werden sollte. Nur bei jungen Betroffenen mit einer fortgeschrittenen Fuchs-Endotheldystrophie ohne jeglichen Hinweis auf eine Katarakt und gut erhaltener
Akkommodation kann, je nach individuellen Gegebenheiten, eine alleinige DMEK sinnvoll sein, in allen anderen Fällen erscheint eine Triple-Operation geeigneter. Dabei erscheint ein
sequenzielles Vorgehen in diesen Situationen weniger angebracht, da sich in zahlreichen Studien zeigte, dass der Verlauf und die Ergebnisse nach einer Triple-Operation mit denen nach einem
sequenziellen Vorgehen vergleichbar sind. Beim Vorliegen einer signifikanten Katarakt und einer Cornea guttata fällt die Entscheidung im Hinblick auf das operative Vorgehen deutlich
schwerer. Hierbei gibt es unterschiedliche Aspekte in der Anamnese sowie den ophthalmologischen Untersuchungen (z. B. zentrale Hornhautdicke, Endothelzelldichte), die einem bei der
Entscheidung helfen können. Soll dann zunächst nur eine Kataraktoperation erfolgen, sollten geeignete Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um ein möglichst optimales Ergebnis trotz Vorliegen der
Cornea guttata zu erreichen. Im folgenden Beitrag soll auf die wichtigsten prä-, peri- und postoperativen Aspekte im Hinblick auf die bestmögliche operative Versorgung von Betroffenen mit
Fuchs-Endotheldystrophie und Katarakt eingegangen werden.
Kompensation von Leistungen zwischen Hausärzten und Kinder-
und Jugendmedizinern am Beispiel der Früherkennungsuntersuchungen bei
Kindern und Jugendlichen – Analyse von bundesweiten
KBV-Daten
Authors: Kleinke Fabian , Nowack Anne , Beyer Angelika , Hoffmann Wolfgang , van den Berg Neeltje 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Trotz einer Zunahme von 13,1% bei der Anzahl der
niedergelassenen Kinder- und Jugendärzten im Zeitraum von 2011 bis 2020
stagniert die Kapazität in der pädiatrischen
vertragsärztlichen Versorgung weitgehend. Zu den Gründen
hierfür gehören die zunehmende Flexibilisierung der
Arbeitszeiten sowie eine rückläufige Bereitschaft zur
Niederlassung. Zudem besteht ein Ungleichgewicht in der räumlichen
Verteilung von vertragsärztlichen pädiatrischen
Versorgungskapazitäten. Während Ballungsgebiete häufig
von Überversorgung geprägt sind, fehlen vor allem in
ländlichen Regionen zunehmend Kinderärzte. Dies führt in
der Folge dazu, dass Hausärzte in ländlichen Regionen zunehmend
einen Teil der pädiatrischen Versorgung übernehmen. In dieser
Analyse wird diese Kompensation quantifiziert am Beispiel der
Früherkennungsuntersuchungen.
Methoden Grundlage der Analyse war der Einheitliche
Bewertungsmaßstab (EBM) aus dem Jahr 2015 (4. Quartal). Ausgewertet
wurden bundesweite Abrechnungsdaten der Kassenärztlichen
Bundesvereinigung (KBV) für Hausärzte und Kinder- und
Jugendärzte aus dem Jahr 2015.
Ergebnisse Die Auswertung des EBM zeigt, dass im EBM-Abschnitt 1.7.1
(Früherkennung von Krankheiten bei Kindern) insgesamt 16
Möglichkeiten zur Kompensation von Leistungen in den
arztgruppenübergreifenden allgemeinen Gebührenordnungspositionen
(GOP) zwischen Haus- und Kinderärzten bestanden. Hierin sind
insbesondere die Kinderuntersuchungen U1 bis U9 enthalten. Die Analyse der
bundesweiten Abrechnungsdaten der KBV zur Früherkennung von Krankheiten
bei Kindern zeigt, dass zwischen ländlichen und urbanen Regionen
wesentliche Unterschiede in den Abrechnungsspektren der Leistungserbringer
bestehen. Bundesweit wurden von Hausärzten in 2015 6,6% der
Leistungen aus dem Bereich „Früherkennung von Krankheiten bei
Kindern“ abgerechnet. In ruralen Regionen betrug der Anteil 23%,
in urbanen Regionen 3,6%. In der Analyse der bundesweiten
Abrechnungsdaten zeigt sich, dass der Anteil der abgerechneten Leistungen bei
Hausärzten in ruralen Regionen höher ist als in urbanen
Regionen.
Schlussfolgerung Der EBM erlaubt insbesondere im Bereich der
arztgruppenübergreifenden allgemeinen GOP die Abrechnung von Leistungen
sowohl durch Haus- als auch Kinderärzte. Anhand der bundesweiten
Abrechnungsdaten der KBV zeigt sich, dass Hausärzte in
ländlichen Regionen mehr Leistungen aus den entsprechenden Abschnitten
abrechnen als in urbanen Regionen.
Aryl Methyl Ketones: Versatile Synthons in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Mohammed Shabber , Mitton-Fry Mark J. , West Jason S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of aromatic heterocycles has attracted substantial attention due to the abundance of these heterocycles in drug molecules, natural products, and other compounds of biological interest. Accordingly, there is a demand for straightforward synthetic protocols toward such compounds using readily available starting materials. In the past decade, there have been substantial developments in heterocycle synthesis, especially in metal-catalyzed and iodine-assisted approaches. This graphical review focuses on notable reactions from the past decade using aryl and heteroaryl methyl ketones as starting materials, including representative reaction mechanisms.
Functional Outcome Comparison of Free Gracilis Muscle Anchoring Methods in Patients with Facial Paralysis: Upper Lip Red Line Incision versus Facelift Incision Approach
Authors: Park Hojin , Hong Dae Won , Oh Tae Suk 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background The greatest challenge of a free-muscle transfer in facial reanimation surgery is anchoring muscle to perioral soft tissue. An additional incision provides a better way to anchor the transferred muscle but leaves a visible scar. Herein, we compared the functional and aesthetic outcomes in a conventional facelift incision approach with and without the addition of a red line incision.
Methods This study included patients experiencing unilateral facial paralysis who underwent free gracilis transfer between December 2016 and December 2018. Anchoring through facelift incision with extended neck incision was performed in the control group, while a red line incision was added in the red line group by avoiding extended neck incision. Oral commissure excursion, upper lip and commissure height differences, and symmetry were measured.
Results A total of 24 patients met the criteria and were included in this study. Of these, 10 patients were assigned to the red line group and 14 to the control group. The red line and control groups demonstrated a similar symmetry index in both resting (0.96 ± 0.18 and 0.92 ± 0.10, respectively; p = 0.435) and smiling (0.94 ± 0.12 and 0.91 ± 0.10, respectively; p = 0.314). However, the upper lip height difference demonstrated greater postoperative improvement (resting: 2.12 ± 1.13 vs. 3.92 ± 1.41 mm, p = 0.002, and smiling: 1.68 ± 0.88 vs. 3.41 ± 1.69 mm, p = 0.004, respectively). A scar could be easily concealed on the mucocutaneous line of the lip.
Conclusion This novel method for muscle anchoring in facial reanimation surgery allows surgeons to approach perioral muscle more directly. This leads to improved surgical results by securely anchoring the transferred muscles using a fixation point that is more medially located than in other approaches. Our method is effective and offers an improved surgical outcome for the free functional gracilis muscle transfer.