bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decomposing socioeconomic inequality in lean diabetes among middle-aged adults and elderly in India
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Maiti Suraj , Behera Priyamadhaba , Mohanty Sanjay K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:Lean diabetes is a subtype of diabetes (BMI < 18.5 Kg/m 2) with severe microvascular complications. Unlike diabetes, the prevalence of lean diabetes is higher among poor and marginalised populations. We decompose the socioeconomic inequalities in lean diabetes among middle-aged adults and elderly (45+ years) using nationally representative data from India.
Methods: The Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1 microdata with a complete case analytic sample size of 58,824 individuals (45+) were utilised. We combined self-reported medically diagnosed diabetic conditions with BMI and identified the lean diabetic cases. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the prevalence and predictors of lean diabetes. Erreygers’ concentration index (ECI) and decomposition analyses were used to examine the contribution of socioeconomic factors in lean diabetes.
Results: The prevalence of lean diabetes among older adults 45+ was 0.8% (95% CI: 0.7%, 0.9%); ranging from 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7%, 1.6%) among the poorest MPCE quintile to 0.5% (95% CI: 0.3%,0.6%) among richest MPCE quintile. A negative ECI (-.006) suggests pro-poor inequality in lean diabetes. The decomposition shows that the economic condition of households measured by monthly per capita consumption expenditure explains the largest variation in socio-economic inequality of lean diabetes (72%) followed by the place of residence (24%) and education (20%).
Conclusion: The health care system in India needs to pay attention to the high burden of lean diabetes among the socially and economically disadvantaged populations in the diabetes care cascade.
Distributed Wavefront Shaping in Near-Field sub-1 THz Wireless Networks
Authors: Ghasempour Yasaman , Kludze Atsutse , Bodet Dushia , Jornet Josep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In sub-terahertz (sub-THz) wireless networks, the radiative near-field regime can no longer be ignored. Indeed, this less-explored electromagnetic regime can provide unprecedented opportunities to tackle the long-standing challenges of sub-THz wireless communication, including using focused beams to combat higher propagation losses and self-healing beams that offer enhanced resilience against line-of-sight blockage. Nevertheless, our mathematical modeling and experimental study find that such favorable near-field properties can be observed only within a smaller range of the nominal near-field Fresnel regime. When attempting to extend this range, current literature suggests adopting transmit arrays with larger form factors, which may not be available in the environment or even hard and expensive to fabricate. In this study, we present the first mathematical modeling and experimental demonstration of distributed near-field beam shaping using multiple coordinated transmitting apertures, hence, increasing the effective near-field regime. Our modeling is built on a detailed understanding of near-field electromagnetics, Fourier optics, and wave optics.
Observation of lump solitons in a photon fluid
Authors: Dieli Ludovica , Pierangeli Davide , Barionio Fabio , Trillo Stefano , Conti Claudio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Solitons are the cornerstone of nonlinear physics. The integrability of nonlinear equations is the basis of this universal concept. However, most multidimensional systems lack of integrability, a fundamental limitation that challenges the existence of solitons in high dimensions. A groundbreaking exception would be the lump soliton, a two-dimensional solution of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation with the unique property of propagating unperturbed in three-dimensional space.
Due to the difficulty of implementing the KP dynamics in any physical system,
lump solitons have never been observed. Here, we report the first experimental observation of a lump soliton. The lump forms in a two-dimensional photon fluid experiencing a defocusing nonlinearity in a photorefractive crystal. We tailor the input field shape and the nonlinearity to realize the hydrodynamic integrable regime of the KP equation.
The lump emerges as a self-localized wave that propagates unaltered with a transverse velocity. We confirm its integrable nature by reporting, for the first time, the elastic collision of solitons in two dimensions.
As the first experimental evidence of integrable solitons in high dimension,
our observation paves the way for a new era in the study of nonlinear systems.
Advancing Global Eye Health: Progress and Insights from the Child Blindness and Low Vision Program in Northern Malawi, Southern Africa
Authors: Kalua Khumbo , Solomoni Esther , Mkandawire Hendrine , Chitimbe Tisungane , Mopamboli Patty , Manda Chatonda , Chimaliro Bruno , Dijk Karin van 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background Blindness and low vision in children remain significant public health concerns, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Malawi, a key region in Southern Africa. These conditions are often underdiagnosed and undertreated due to limited access to specialized services, spectacles and assistive devices, posing critical challenges to health equity. The Childhood Blindness and Low Vision Program (CBLVP) in Northern Malawi aimed to address gaps through capacity building, advocacy, ensuring access to regular eye health and low vision assessments, and provision of spectacles and low vision devices.Methods Activities included setting up clinical low vision services at Mzuzu Central Hospital in Northern Malawi, followed up by conducting outreach screenings and assessments, and building capacity through training and mentorship. Advocacy efforts engaged stakeholders such as government officers, parents, teachers, and disability organizations to promote awareness and service uptake, and provide basic skills to support the use of vision by the children at school and home. A mixed-methods approach was employed to evaluate progress: quantitative data came from service records, including client statistics and device distribution, while qualitative data were collected via engagement interviews with stakeholders and beneficiaries. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were applied to identify key achievements, challenges, and areas for sustainability.Results The program established a dedicated low vision clinic serviced by a full-time optometrist/low vision therapist. Between 2022 and 2024, 2054 children were served; 370 (18%) received glasses, 70 received low vision services (3.4%), and 96 (4.9%) underwent surgery. Spectacles and low vision devices improved beneficiaries' quality of life, enabling better educational and vocational performance. Awareness campaigns, including radio interviews and social events, increased visibility and service uptake, particularly among persons with albinism. However, challenges included the lack of an admission policy for inclusive education, initially leading to unnecessary admissions to special education and unnecessary use of Braille instead of print-based learning.Conclusion The program successfully addressed service gaps, fostered sustainability, and developed a scalable model for low vision care in Malawi and Southern Africa. Future efforts should emphasize policy integration and increased public awareness to sustain and expand the impact.
[225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 production method: development of an efficient and reproducible radiolabelling process for establish a clinical routine production
Authors: Aurilio Michela , Esposito Aureliana , Buonanno Monica , Morisco Anna , Maisto Costantina , Scala Stefania , Lastoria Secondo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Targeted Alpha Therapy shows very promising clinical results in a cancer treatment and it is a superior therapeutic tool compared to chemotherapy and b-radionuclide therapy. The use of a-emission offers advantages over b-emission due to the high linear energy transfer and the limited range in tissue. [225Ac]actinium is an a-emitter with a half-life of 9.92 days, which is an appropriate half-life for convenient treatment. [225Ac]actinium is introduced to tumor-targeting vectors through its complexation by a chelating moiety. On this basis, the aim of this study is to develop an [225Ac]Ac-PSMA 617 production method, to assess the efficiency and reliability of the radiosynthesis as a support for establish a clinical routine production for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer treatment.
Results: different radiolabeling conditions and different time reaction have been used and compared. The best radiochemical yields (> 95%) were obtained when the peptide was dissolved in water and it was used at quantity of 100 mg in gentisic buffer, without stabilizing agent. The reaction was conducted at 97°C and no significant change in labeling yield was observed when the time reaction increased. This condition ensures an adequate stability at 24h around 90%.
Conclusions: the radiolabeling method employed in our experiments has demonstrated consistent reproducibility, enabling us to produce a radiopharmaceutical that meets pharmaceutical-grade standards.
Greater difficulties occurred in defining the optimal procedures for quality controls, due to the unique physical properties of actinium. Efforts were made to standardize the quality control methods in accordance with pharmacopoeia standards; however, the methods’ feasibility is still uncertain.
Robotics and the Periodic Table: A Case Study of Teacher Efficacy in Concept-Based Chemistry Instruction
Authors: Mhlongo Thabo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This mixed-methods case study investigated chemistry teachers' perceptions and practices in integrating robotics and a concept-based approach for teaching the periodic table. Utilizing a multiple-case study design, the research examined four Grade 10 chemistry teachers (T1, T2, T3, and T4) from diverse high schools, employing classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and the Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) to assess teacher beliefs and practices. A rubric was developed to evaluate teacher efficacy, considering Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Robotics Integration Skills, Concept-Based Approach Implementation, Learner Engagement Strategies, and Addressing Challenges. The study explored the relationships between teachers’ self-efficacy (as measured by the TSES), their skills in robotics integration (as assessed by the rubric), and observed instructional practices. The analysis highlights the importance of professional development, resource allocation, and adaptable pedagogical approaches for successful robotics integration in chemistry education. Limitations and avenues for future research are discussed, with a focus on enhancing teacher capacity and optimizing robotics integration within a concept-based framework.
Therapeutic potential of T cell receptor targeting the HLA-A*11:01-restricted KRASG12V neoantigen without cross-recognition of the self-antigen RAB7B in solid tumors
Authors: Shen Meiying , Hao Yanan , Han Xiaxia , Wang Bozhi , Li Luo , Chen Tong , Chen Siyin , Zou Lin , Huang Jingjing , Wang Wang , Liu Shengchun , Han Xiaojian , Jin Aishun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Public neoantigens, including KRAS, TP53, and PIK3CA mutations, which are shared across various tumor types, have demonstrated significant immunogenicity and offer great promise for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical trials targeting these public neoantigens have yielded encouraging results, including tumor regression and prolonged relapse-free survival. This study evaluates the HLA binding properties of T cell epitopes derived from these public neoantigens to identify optimal T cell target, and further develops T cell receptor (TCR)-based therapeutics.
Methods
The binding properties of public neoantigens to HLA-I molecules were evaluated using peptide-HLA binding affinity and stability assays. Naive T cell repertoires were utilized to expand and detect neoantigen-specific TCRs. TCR clones were characterized for functionality using TCR-Jurkat cells and TCR-T cells. Peptide specificity was assessed using an HLA transgenic cell panel and the X-scan assay. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy of TCR-T cells was tested in xenograft mouse models of solid tumors.
Results
The analysis of HLA binding properties for public neoantigens revealed that HLA-A*11:01-presented KRASG12V epitopes exhibited the strongest HLA binding stability. Four TCR clones specific to the 9-mer KRASG12V peptide (KRASG12V[9]) were identified. All KRASG12V[9] specific TCRs, both newly identified by us and previously reported, exhibited varying degrees of cross-recognition of the self-antigen RAB7B. Among the four TCR clones, one TCR (KT18) exhibited superior functional avidity, effectively recognizing and eliminating KRASG12V mutant tumor cells without off-target activity against endogenous RAB7B or similar peptides. Significantly, KT18 TCR-T cells efficiently mediated tumor regression in multiple xenograft models of solid tumors.
Conclusions
These findings highlight significant differences in peptide-HLA binding affinity and stability across public neoantigen-HLA pairings. The cross-recognition of RAB7B13-21 represents a critical safety consideration when developing HLA-A*11:01-restricted KRASG12V[9] specific TCRs. KT18 TCR-T cells are highly cytotoxic, exhibiting no off-target recognition and significant potential for clinical applications against KRASG12V-driven solid tumors.
Targeting the prefrontal-supplementary motor network with online and offline tDCS to modulate disgust: A single-blind and sham-controlled study
Authors: Soltani Parastoo , Morovatiati Zekrollah , afrashteh Majid Yousefi , Fink-Lamotte Jakob , Alizadehgoradel Jaber 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In certain individuals, disgust experience is abnormally high. This heightened sensitivity serves as a cognitive component that can lead to dysfunction in neural circuits related to emotion processing and psychological disorders such as contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder. In this single-blind study, 36 individuals with high disgust sensitivity were randomly assigned to three groups: online, offline, and sham. The online group received intensified and repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) while performing a disgust image watching task, whereas the offline and sham group received the tDC stimulation prior and after the same task, additionally the sham group received placebo tDC stimulation. Anodal and cathodal stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC; F3) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA; FC2), respectively. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of tDCS (2 sessions per day) over 5 days, with a stimulation intensity of 2 mA for 20 minutes and a 20-minute interval between sessions. The results showed a significant decrease in disgust experience in the online group compared to the offline group, while there was no significant difference between the online and sham groups. Although these findings suggest potential effects of tDCS combined with a task, further studies are necessary to confirm its efficacy.
Inference of nonstationary design floods in the Yellow River source: a mechanism-based reconstruction method
Authors: Cheng Long , Li Shi , Li Fengnian , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Pan , Xiong Bin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Climate change intensifies and human activities escalate, making hydrological data nonstationary. The current nonstationary flood design methods have low practicality in engineering applications due to high uncertainty, lack of causal mechanisms, or complex model structures. The study focused on the upper Yellow River region in China, which houses cascade hydropower stations, and introduced the Mechanism-based Reconstruction (Me-RS) method to solve nonstationary flood design problems. It evaluates this method against the traditional stationary method, time series decomposition synthesis (TS-DS) method, and generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). The design flood values indicate that the calculation results of the Me-RS method are significantly reduced, with the 100-year design flood estimates being 2435.53 m3/s for Me-RS, 2447.53 m3/s for GAMLSS, 3522.52 m3/s for TS-DS, and 4753.76 m3/s for the traditional stationary method. Moreover, Bootstrap uncertainty analysis demonstrates that Me-RS and GAMLSS, which consider physical factors, reduce uncertainty by about 40% compared to TS-DS. It is indicated that the Me-RS method provides a more accurate and less complicated alternative for calculating nonstationary design flood. This study advances the practical application of nonstationary flood frequency analysis methods in the domain of engineering hydrology.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: MONTEIRO BATISTA MARIA APARECIDA VITORIA , Vieira Arthur Cassio de Oliveira 
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como intuito analisar o contexto educacional de uma escola pública, no município de Timbaúba dos Batista/RN, a respeito do processo de alfabetização dos alunos nos anos iniciais , buscando fazer uma investigação sobre os métodos utilizados pelas professoras, a abordagem de ensino das mesmas em relação à alfabetização e letramento e aspectos do desenvolvimento dos alunos no que diz respeito ao processo de alfabetização. O estudo de caso será de abordagem qualitativa, sendo seu instrumento de investigação uma entrevista aos professores do ciclo alfabetizador da escola. O estudo discute os conceitos de alfabetização e letramento dialogando com a autora Magda Soares (2004), a importância da formação continuada para professores dialogando com o autor Francisco Imbernón (2010) e um breve diálogo com Emília Ferreiro e Ana Teberosky (1991) sobre os métodos de alfabetização e os níveis de desenvolvimento da alfabetização.
Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Myocardial Infarction from 2007 to 2024 Based on the Web of Science Database
Authors: Lan Qi , Wu Hao , Chen Ming-Tai , Xue Jin-Yi , Mazhar Maryam , Deng Zi-Wen , Zou Yuan , Liu Ping , Luo Gang , Dong Li , Liu Meng-Nan 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common critical syndrome in
the late development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) treatment has become an essential branch in this field.

Objective:
This study aimed to use bibliometric methods to examine the research trajectory
of TCM treatment of MI from 2007 to 2024 from a multidimensional perspective
and analyse its characteristics, hotspots, and frontiers.

Methods:
This study used the search formula TS OR TI OR AB OR A (“traditional Chinese
medicine” or “Chinese medicine” or “TCM” or “traditional medicine, Chinese” or
” Chinese traditional medicine” or “Chinese medicine, traditional”) AND TS OR TI OR
AB OR AK (“myocardial infarction” or “myocardial infarctions” or ” infarction, myocardial”
or “infarctions, myocardial” or “myocardial infarct” or “MI”) to find the Web of
Science Core Collection (WOSCC) of relevant studies from 01/01/2007 to 04/29/2024.
Target literature records were analysed and graphed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and
Scimago Graphica.

Results:
A total of 754 records were obtained and 399 records were finally retained after
screening. Countries, institutions, authors, and journals were visually analyzed. The current
research hotspots and frontiers included Salvia miltiorrhiza, ischemia-reperfusion injury,
pathway, molecular docking, and network pharmacology.

Conclusion:
This research study would enrich the researchers' understanding of the existing
research methodology and future development trends and provide a more efficient
research methodology for the research on the mechanism of action of TCM for the treatment
of MI and its clinical trials.
Protective Effect of Curcumin on Metabolic Syndrome Components through the Microbiota
Authors: Vafaeie Farzane , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed , Miri-Moghaddam Ebrahim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound found in turmeric, has garnered
increasing research interest due to its potential health benefits, particularly in the context
of the rising global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). With MetS affecting a
significant portion of the global population and serving as a precursor to chronic diseases,
such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, identifying effective, accessible,
and safe interventions has become a critical public health priority. This review explores
curcumin’s role in regulating gut microbiota composition, enhancing intestinal barrier
function, and reducing inflammation, which can collectively improve key components
of MetS, such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. Supplementation
with curcumin has shown promising results in improving metabolic health by promoting
the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyric and propionic
acids. These effects may protect against dyslipidemia and reduce the risk of chronic conditions.
Furthermore, curcumin has demonstrated potential in reducing hypertension
through various mechanisms, including inflammation reduction, modulation of
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production, activation of G-protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43),
and increased levels of SCFAs. Given the significant public health implications
of MetS, understanding curcumin's impact on gut microbiota presents an opportunity for
developing novel therapeutic strategies that address this urgent health challenge. Despite
its promise, further research is necessary to fully comprehend the underlying mechanisms
involved. Additionally, determining the optimal dosage and duration of curcumin
supplementation for achieving its effects on metabolic syndrome is crucial for future
therapeutic applications. This review highlights curcumin's potential as a natural
compound with multifaceted health benefits, particularly in the context of metabolic syndrome
and its associated complications, emphasizing the pressing need for clinical
studies to validate findings and inform evidence-based therapeutic applications.
Research on Precision Medicine AI Algorithm for Neuro Immune Gastrointestinal Diseases based on Quantum Biochemistry and Computational Cancer Genetics
Authors: Li Liangyu , Li Bingyao , Wang Guangwen , Li Siyi , Li Xudong , Santos Javier , González Ana María , Guo Lizhong , Tu Yanyang , Qin Yi 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
The objective of this study is to conduct network toxicology analysis
based on smoking habits and develop a simpler and more effective toxicology product ingestion
control system.

Background:
Smoking behavior can affect the pathogenesis and prognosis of neuroimmune
gastrointestinal diseases.

Aims:
The purpose of developing tools to assist clinical practice is to avoid the harm of cigarettes
to the human body.

Methods:
Molecular dynamics method was used to elucidate the biophysical mechanism of
TP53 gene mutation caused by harmful ingredients, and the signaling pathway of midbrain edge
excitation was determined by molecular dynamics of nicotine and dopamine receptor D3. The
possible involvement of nicotine in neuronal damage was determined through the molecular
interaction between nicotine and ACHE. Molecular pathways were analyzed based on the
aforementioned biological principles, developed artificial intelligence systems and brain computer
interface systems.

result:
Several molecular mechanisms were elaborated and effective AI algorithms were developed.

Results:
Several signaling pathways were elucidated, and effective AI algorithms were developed.

Conclusion:
The accuracy of artificial intelligence systems is over 70%. This study provides
clinical doctors with a new precision medicine strategy and tool to regulate patient behavior and
reduce disease risk.

Other:
This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chifeng Cancer Hospital and reported
to the WHO.