bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abdominocentesis techniques in horses
Authors: Radcliffe Rolfe M. , Hill Jacqueline A. , Liu Sharon Y. , Cook Vanessa L. , Hurcombe Samuel D. A. , Divers Thomas J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAbdominocentesis is commonly used to evaluate the abdominal cavity of the horse. This technique provides valuable diagnostic information as well as the means to monitor patients with abdominal diseases being managed medically and to determine their need for surgical management. Complications are uncommon and include trauma to the gastrointestinal tract or spleen, septic peritonitis, or abdominal wall infection.ProceduresThis review describes the indications, utility, patient preparation, and instructions for performing abdominocentesis as well as possible complications reported in horses. Step‐by‐step instructions are provided for the two most commonly used abdominocentesis techniques in horses, which include the use of a needle (18 Ga, 3.8 cm [1.5 in]) and a teat cannula (9.5 cm [3.75 in]).SummaryPeritoneal fluid collection and fluid analysis can be used to confirm diagnosis of intraabdominal pathology including inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, obstructive, and bowel strangulation, leading to additional diagnostic and therapeutic plans.Key pointsAbdominocentesis is useful as a diagnostic procedure in horses suffering from colic, diarrhea, weight loss, or other conditions involving the abdominal cavity and is an integral component of diagnostic testing for colic at referral institutions or in the field.Abdominal fluid collection using an 18‐Ga, 3.8‐cm (1.5‐in) needle is recommended for adult horses because the needle is long enough to penetrate the peritoneal cavity.The teat cannula technique is recommended for use in adult horses, foals, and miniature horses to reduce the risk of enterocentesis, even though this procedure is more traumatic than using an 18‐Ga, 3.8‐cm needle.Ultrasonography of the abdomen is a valuable tool in the assessment of any horse with signs of colic, but it is not essential for performing an abdominocentesis successfully.
Topically administered purified clinoptilolite‐tuff for the treatment of cutaneous wounds: A prospective, randomised phase I clinical trial
Authors: Deinsberger Julia , Marquart Elias , Nizet Stephane , Meisslitzer Claudia , Tschegg Cornelius , Uspenska Kateryna , Gouya Ghazaleh , Niederdöckl Jan , Freissmuth Michael , Wolzt Michael , Weber Benedikt 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn an ageing society, chronic ulcers pose an increasingly relevant healthcare issue associated with significant morbidity and an increasing financial burden. Hence, there is an unmet medical need for novel, cost‐effective therapies that improve healing of chronic cutaneous wounds. This prospective, randomised, open‐label, phase I trial investigated the safety and tolerability of topically administered purified clinoptilolite‐tuff (PCT), mainly consisting of the naturally occurring zeolite‐mineral clinoptilolite, in artificial wounds in healthy male volunteers compared to the standard of care (SoC). We found that topically administered PCT was safe for therapeutic application in acute wounds in healthy male volunteers. No significant differences in wound healing or wound conditions were observed compared to SoC‐treated wounds. However, we found a significantly higher proportion of CD68‐positive cells and a significantly lower proportion of α‐smooth muscle actin‐positive cells in PCT‐treated wounds. Scanning electron microscopy revealed PCT particles in the restored dermis in some cases. However, these did not impede wound healing or clinical symptoms. Hence, purified PCT could represent an attractive, cost‐effective wound treatment promoting the process of healing.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Parameters Affecting High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Cancer Ablation
Authors: Aycock Kenneth N. , Vadlamani Ram Anand , Jacobs Edward J. , Imran Khan Mohammad , Verbridge Scott S. , Allen Irving C. , Manuchehrabadi Navid , Davalos Rafael V. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
While the primary goal of focal therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) is conserving patient quality of life by reducing oncological burden, available modalities use thermal energy or whole-gland radiation which can damage critical neurovascular structures within the prostate and increase risk of genitourinary dysfunction. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a promising alternative ablation modality that utilizes bursts of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to destroy aberrant cells via targeted membrane damage. Due to its nonthermal mechanism, H-FIRE offers several advantages over state-of-the-art treatments, but waveforms have not been optimized for treatment of PCa. In this study, we characterize lethal electric field thresholds (EFTs) for H-FIRE waveforms with three different pulse widths as well as three interpulse delays in vitro and compare them to conventional irreversible electroporation (IRE). Experiments were performed in non-neoplastic and malignant prostate cells to determine the effect of waveforms on both targeted (malignant) and adjacent (non-neoplastic) tissue. A numerical modeling approach was developed to estimate the clinical effects of each waveform including extent of nonthermal ablation, undesired thermal damage, and nerve excitation. Our findings indicate that H-FIRE waveforms with pulse durations of 5 and 10 μs provide large ablations comparable to IRE with tolerable levels of thermal damage and minimized muscle contractions. Lower duration (2 μs) H-FIRE waveforms exhibit the least amount of muscle contractions but require increased voltages which may be accompanied by unwanted thermal damage.
Research on Prediction Models for the Compression-Resilience Performance of Corrugated Metal Gaskets With Residual Stress
Authors: Zhan Yuanye , Lan Meng , Zhu Xiaolei , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The manufacturing process is an important factor related to the compression-resilience performance of corrugated metal gaskets, especially stainless steel gaskets. A finite element method was employed to research the mechanical properties of corrugated metal gasket based on the stamping and spring back process analysis. On this basis, the influence of structural parameters of corrugated metal gasket related to the mechanical properties was analyzed. Prediction models of mechanical properties were proposed and validated in this paper. The result shows that the maximum contact stress and resilience rate in the finite element model are in accordance with the experimental results with the relative error of 1.21% and 8.76%, respectively. Critical structural parameters affecting the properties of the corrugated metal gasket are pitch (P), lip height (H), and material thickness (T). The compression and resilience curves obtained from the prediction models are consistent with the finite element method (FEM) simulation. The models can accurately reflect the compression-resilience performance of corrugated metal gaskets with different structural parameters.
User-Centered Virtual Environment for Poststroke Motor Rehabilitation
Authors: Aguilar Acevedo Francisco , Pacheco Bautista Daniel , Acevedo Gómez Marleydy , Toledo Toledo Guadalupe , Nieva García Omar S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The use of virtual reality in the rehabilitation of lost or diminished functions after a stroke has been shown to be an innovative means in motor recovery. However, there are still several design challenges to increment the efficiency of these systems. This paper presents the development and evaluation of a nonimmersive three-dimensional virtual environment for poststroke rehabilitation of elbow flexion–extension movements, which considers the therapist as a direct user and the patient as a secondary user. The development of virtual environment was supported by the criteria of a team of specialists in physical and occupational therapy, following the philosophy of user-centered design through three iterations, and incorporating tasks based on the activities of daily living of the Barthel scale. Tests were carried out with healthy users and a patient with a diagnosis of stroke, using the system usability scale (SUS) test and a flow status questionnaire, respectively. Average satisfaction of user group without diagnosis was 79.6 out of 100 points. On the other hand, according to mean values observed with the patient, dimensions of control sense (6.33) and positive emotional experience (6.66) reflect an “optimal” experience, which indicates an enjoyment of virtual tasks despite the effort made to fulfill them.
Building a Lightweight Digital Twin of a Crane Boom for Structural Safety Monitoring Based on a Multifidelity Surrogate Model
Authors: Lai Xiaonan , He Xiwang , Wang Shuo , Wang Xiaobang , Sun Wei , Song Xueguan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Undetected fatigue and overload damages at the key locations of the crane boom are among the biggest threats in construction, leading to structural failure. Thus, the structural health of the crane boom should be monitored in real time to ensure that it works under the designed load capacity. In this study, we developed a lightweight digital twin by the multifidelity surrogate (MFS) model to improve the real-time monitoring and prediction accuracy of the structural safety of a crane boom. Digital twin technology, which can establish real-time mapping between the physical space and the digital space, has a promising potential for online monitoring and analysis of structures, equipment, and even human bodies. By combining the MFS model and sensor data, the lightweight digital twin can dynamically mirror the crane boom postures and predict its structural performance in real time. In this study, the structural analysis of the crane boom is limited to the linear elastic stage of materials. Numerical experiments showed that the accuracy of the lightweight digital twin was enhanced compared with that established by the single-fidelity surrogate model, and the computational cost of the lightweight digital twin was decreased with respect to the digital twin built by the numerical method. Meanwhile, the uncertainty from the physical space was analyzed to enhance the reliability of the lightweight digital twin. Thus, the lightweight digital twin developed in our work can ensure accurate safety prediction and design optimization for crane booms.
Overweight and obesity as risk factors for COVID-19-associated hospitalisations and death: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sawadogo Wendemi , Tsegaye Medhin , Gizaw Andinet , Adera Tilahun 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo quantify the current weight of evidence of the association between overweight and obesity as risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalisations (including hospital admission, intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation) and death, and to assess the magnitude of the association and the potential dose–response relationships.DesignPubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Sciences, WHO COVID-19 database and Google Scholar were used to identify articles published up to 20 July 2021. Peer-reviewed studies reporting adjusted estimates of the association between overweight or obesity and COVID-19 outcomes were included. Three authors reviewed the articles and agreed. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the combined effects.ResultsA total of 208 studies with 3 550 997 participants from over 32 countries were included in this meta-analysis. Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisations (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.28, n=21 studies), but not death (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.13, n=21). However, patients with obesity were at increased risk of both COVID-19-related hospitalisations (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.62 to 1.84, n=58) and death (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.32, n=77). Similarly, patients with extreme obesity were at increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisations (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.84, n=12) and death (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.76 to 3.00, n=19). There was a linear dose–response relationship between these obesity categories and COVID-19 outcomes, but the strength of the association has decreased over time.ConclusionBeing overweight increases the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisations but not death, while obesity and extreme obesity increase the risk of both COVID-19-related hospitalisations and death. These findings suggest that prompt access to COVID-19 care, prioritisation for COVID-19 vaccination and other preventive measures are warranted for this vulnerable group.
Investigating primary healthcare practitioners’ barriers and enablers to referral of patients with COPD to pulmonary rehabilitation: a mixed-methods study using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Watson Jane Suzanne , Jordan Rachel Elizabeth , Adab Peymane , Vlaev Ivo , Enocson Alexandra , Greenfield Sheila 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a highly effective, recommended intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using behavioural theory within mixed-methods research to understand why referral remains low enables the development of targeted interventions in order to improve future PR referral.DesignA multiphase sequential mixed-methods study.SettingUnited Kingdom (UK).Participants252 multiprofessional primary healthcare practitioners (PHCPs).MeasuresPhase 1: semistructured interviews. Phase 2: a 54-item paper and online questionnaire, based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Content and descriptive analysis utilised. Data mixed at two points: instrument design and interpretation.Results19 PHCPs took part in interviews and 233 responded to the survey. Integrated results revealed that PHCPs with a post qualifying respiratory qualification (154/241; 63.9%) referred more frequently (91/154; 59.1%) than those without (28/87; 32.2%). There were more barriers than enablers for referral in all 13 TDF domains. Key barriers included: infrequent engagement from PR provider to referrer, concern around patient’s physical ability and access to PR (particularly for those in work), assumed poor patient motivation, no clear practice referrer and few referral opportunities. These mapped to domains: belief about capabilities, social influences, environment, optimism, skills and social and professional role. Enablers to referral were observed in knowledge, social influences memory and environment domains. Many PHCPs believed in the physical and psychological value of PR. Helpful enablers were out-of-practice support from respiratory interested colleagues, dedicated referral time (annual review) and on-screen referral prompts.ConclusionsReferral to PR is complex. Barriers outweighed enablers. Aligning these findings to behaviour change techniques will identify interventions to overcome barriers and strengthen enablers, thereby increasing referral of patients with COPD to PR.
Exploring the role of social capital, self-efficacy and social contagion in shaping lifestyle and mental health among students representing the future healthcare workforce in Palestine: social cohort study protocol
Authors: Darkhawaja Ranin A M , Kwiatkowski Marek , Vermes Thomas , Allabadi Hala , Merten Sonja , Alkaiyat Abdulsalam , Probst-Hensch Nicole 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) and depression form an unhealthy mix. The project focuses on potentially effective psychosocial factors shaping health-related habits and mental health. The study is conducted among health domain students. Understanding what shapes their health will determine their quality of care. The study is implemented at An-Najah National University in Palestine. This zone of continuous conflict psychological stress is high and mental health problems are stigmatised.Methods and analysisStudents who are enrolled in second and third year will be invited to fill in a baseline and two follow-up online questionnaires. The questionnaires will assess: health behaviours and outcomes (health-related habits, obesity and mental health), main predictors (social capital, social network, self-efficacy), confounders (general and sociodemographic characteristics) and effect modifiers (sense of coherence (SOC) and family SOC). Friendships within participating students will be identified by allowing students to name their friends from a pull-down menu of all students. Descriptive statistics and scores will describe participant’s characteristics. The relationship between health behaviour, outcomes and main predictors will be examined by regression and structural equation models. Clustering of health behaviours and outcomes will be assessed by permutation tests. Their spread within the network of friends will be investigated by longitudinal generalised estimating equations.DiscussionThe study will identify the prevalence of NCD-related health habits and mental health aspects in the future healthcare workforce in Palestine. It will be the first study to address the role of psychosocial factors for the targeted students. It has the potential to identify targets for promoting physical and mental health among these future professionals.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz (EKNZ) in Switzerland and the Institutional Review Board Committee (IRBC) in Palestine. Participation in the study is voluntary and requires informed consent. The data management methodology ensures the confidentiality of the data. The outcomes of the study will be published as scientific papers. In addition, it will be presented in stakeholder conferences and to students at An-Najah National University.
Non-invasive ventilation versus oxygen therapy after extubation in patients with obesity in intensive care units: the multicentre randomised EXTUB-OBESE study protocol
Authors: De Jong Audrey , Huguet Helena , Molinari Nicolas , Jaber Samir 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionPatients with obesity are considered to be at high risk of acute respiratory failure (ARF) after extubation in intensive care unit (ICU). Compared with oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) may prevent ARF in high-risk patients. However, these strategies have never been compared following extubation of critically ill patients with obesity. Our hypothesis is that NIV is associated with less treatment failure compared with oxygen therapy in patients with obesity after extubation in ICU.Methods and analysisThe NIV versus oxygen therapy after extubation in patients with obesity in ICUs protocol (EXTUB-obese) trial is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, stratified, parallel-group unblinded trial with an electronic system-based randomisation. Patients with obesity defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m² will be randomly assigned in the ‘NIV-group’ to receive prophylactic NIV applied immediately after extubation combined with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) or standard oxygen between NIV sessions versus in the ‘oxygen therapy group’ to receive oxygen therapy alone (HFNO or standard oxygen,). The primary outcome is treatment failure within the 72 hours, defined as reintubation for mechanical ventilation, switch to the other study treatment, or premature study-treatment discontinuation (at the request of the patient or for medical reasons such as gastric distention). The single, prespecified, secondary outcome is the incidence of ARF until day 7. Other outcomes analysed will include tracheal intubation rate at day 7 and day 28, length of ICU and hospital stay, ICU mortality, day 28 and day 90 mortality.Ethics and disseminationThe study project has been approved by the appropriate ethics committee ‘Comité-de-Protection-des-Personnes Ile de FranceV-19.04.05.70025 Cat2 2019-A00956-51’. Informed consent is required. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at one or more scientific conferences. If use of NIV shows positive effects, teams (medical and surgical) will use NIV following extubation of critically ill patients with obesity.Trial registration numberNCT04014920.
Systematic review of psychosocial needs assessment tools for caregivers of paediatric patients with dermatological conditions
Authors: Walsh Carleen , Leavey Gerard , McLaughlin Marian 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo identify validated dermatology-specific and disease-specific psychosocial needs assessment tools for caregivers of paediatric patients with dermatological conditions. A secondary objective was to assess the adequacy of their measurement properties.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesEMBASE, PsycINFO, MEDLINE (in Ovid SP), Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health EBSCO, U Search and Web of Science were searched (2000–5 October 2021). Grey literature, bibliographies, online databases of QoL tools and several trial registers were searched (2000–5 Oct 2021).Eligibility criteriaEligible studies involved adult caregivers caring for a child (no age limit) with any form of any skin condition. Predetermined exclusion criteria, as per protocol, were applied to the search results.Data abstraction and synthesisTitle, abstract, full-text screening and data abstraction (standardised forms) were done independently in duplicate. Both’s predefined methodological criteria assessed risk of bias. Narrative synthesis was used to present the findings.Results187 full-text articles were examined from a total of 8979 records. Most tools were generic QoL tools, relevant to spouse/partner or based on their child’s perception of the disease or assessed patients’ quality of life. Following quality appraisal, 26 articles were identified, and 11 tools (1 dermatology-specific and 10 disease-specific) were included. Information outcome domains were provided for each tool (study specific, questionnaire specific, adequacy of measurement properties and risk of bias). No literature was found pertaining to the use of these tools within healthcare settings and/or as e-tools.DiscussionWith limited evidence supporting the quality of their methodological and measurement properties, this review will inform future dermatological Core Outcome Set development and improve evidence-based clinical decisions. Increasing demand on limited healthcare resources justifies the codevelopment of an accessible solution-focused psychosocial needs assessment e-tool to promote caregiver health outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO (CRD42019159956).