bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of potentially common loci between childhood obesity and coronary artery disease using pleiotropic approaches
Authors: Wang Lianke , Zhang Qiang , Xu Fei , Brickell Anna , Zhou Qianyu , Yang Bin , Sun Changqing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildhood obesity remains one of the most important issues in global health, which is implicated in many chronic diseases. Converging evidence suggests that a higher body mass index during childhood (CBMI) is significantly associated with increased coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility in adulthood, which may partly arise from the shared genetic determination. Despite genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified some loci associated with CBMI and CAD individually, the genetic overlap and common biological mechanism between them remains largely unexplored. Here, relying on the results from the two large-scale GWASs (n = 35,668 for CBMI andn = 547,261 for CAD), linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was used to estimate the genetic correlation of CBMI and CAD in the first step. Then, we applied different pleiotropy-informed methods including conditional false discovery rate ($$\mathrm{cFDR}$$cFDR) and genetic analysis incorporating pleiotropy and annotation (GPA) to detect potentially common loci for childhood obesity and CAD. By integrating the genetic information from the existing GWASs summary statistics, we found a significant positive genetic correlation ($${r}_{g}$$rg = 0.127,p = 2E−4) and strong pleiotropic enrichment between CBMI and CAD (LRT = 79.352,p = 5.2E−19). Importantly, 28 loci were simultaneously discovered to be associated with CBMI, and 13 of them were identified as potentially pleiotropic loci by$$\mathrm{cFDR}$$cFDRand GPA. Those corresponding pleiotropic genes were enriched in trait-associated gene ontology (GO) terms “amino sugar catabolic process”, “regulation of fat cell differentiation” and “synaptic transmission”. Overall, the findings of the pleiotropic loci will help to further elucidate the common molecular mechanisms underlying the association of childhood obesity and CAD, and provide a theoretical direction for early disease prevention and potential therapeutic targets.
Impact of pre-annealing process on electrical properties and stability of indium zinc oxide thin-film transistors
Authors: Zhao Han-Lin , Tarsoly Gergely , Shan Fei , Wang Xiao-Lin , Lee Jae-Yun , Jeong Yong Jin , Kim Sung-Jin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper examined the effects of no treatment versus plasma treatment, and femtosecond laser irradiation as pre-annealing processes on indium zinc oxide (IZO) films and annealing at high temperatures. The plasma pre-annealed multilayer stacked IZO TFTs showed better electrical properties with mobility enhancement from 2.45 to 7.81 cm2/Vs, but exhibited diminished on–off current ratio (Ion/Ioff). The IZO thin-film transistor (TFT) prepared with femtosecond laser pre-annealing with low pulse energy generation (power of 3 W at 700 nm wavelength) for 100 s has also exhibited significantly improved electrical performance, the saturation mobility increased to 4.91 cm2/Vs, the Ion/Ioff ratio was enhanced from 4.5 × 105 to 2.1 × 106, the threshold voltage improved from − 1.44 to − 0.25 V, and the subthreshold swing was reduced from 1.21 to 0.61 V/dec. In conclusion, IZO TFTs with improved performance can be prepared using a femtosecond laser pre-annealing process, which has great potential for fabricating low-cost, high-performance devices.
Comparison of autonomous sensory meridian response and binaural auditory beats effects on stress reduction: a pilot study
Authors: Lee Minji , Lee Hyuk Joo , Ahn Junseok , Hong Jung Kyung , Yoon In-Young 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the effects of Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) and binaural beat (BB) on stress reduction, and to determine whether ASMR and BB can induce changes in quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG). A double-blind randomized trial was conducted. Subjects with stress were recruited considering their perceived stress scale (PSS), Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), insomnia severity index (ISI), and state-trait anxiety inventory-state anxiety (STAI-S) scores. Subjects listened to ASMR or BB with music (8 Hz for daytime, 5 Hz for nighttime) for 15 min in daytime and 30 min before going to sleep for 3 weeks. QEEG was measured before and after the intervention. Seventy-six participants (57 female, mean age = 46.12 ± 12.01) finished the trial. After the intervention, PSS, BDI-II, ISI, STAI-S, and PSQI scores improved significantly in both groups. BDI-II and ISI mean scores were normalized in both groups after the intervention. Changes of absolute beta and high beta power in the ASMR group were larger than those in the BB group (p = 0.026, p = 0.040, respectively). Both ASMR and BB are equally effective in reducing stress levels. Unlike BB, ASMR can lead to an increase in beta and high beta waves associated with cortical arousal.
Association of suicidal ideation and depression with the use of proton pump inhibitors in adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fong Pedro , Chan Sut Tong , Lei Pui Nap , Cheong Hao Ian , Cheong I Man , Hoe Weng Lam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were found to be associated with depression. This study aimed to find the cross-sectional association between recent PPI use and suicidal ideation. Item 9 of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018 was used to categorize whether or not the participants had suicidal ideation. The secondary outcome of this study was depression and the scores of the PHQ-9 were used as the depression diagnostic instrument. The study population included 16,881 participants who were over 20 years old. The bivariate Rao-Scott χ2 test showed a significant association between PPI use and suicidal ideation (P < 0.001) and a stronger association was observed between PPIs and depression (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis of the education, gender, race and age-adjusted model revealed that the PPI users had a 2.34 (95% CI 1.66–3.31) greater risk of having suicidal ideation than the non-PPI users. Middle-aged participants (40–49 years) showed the greatest number of differences in suicidal ideation between PPI and non-PPI users (P < 0.001). Future research should continue to consider the psychiatric effects of taking PPIs.
Thermodynamic optical pressures in tight-binding nonlinear multimode photonic systems
Authors: Efremidis Nikolaos K. , Christodoulides Demetrios N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOptical forces are known to arise in a universal fashion in many and diverse physical settings. As such, they are successfully employed over a wide range of applications in areas like biophotonics, optomechanics and integrated optics. While inter-elemental optical forces in few-mode photonic networks have been so far systematically analyzed, little is known, if any, as to how they manifest themselves in highly multimoded optical environments. In this work, by means of statistical mechanics, we formally address this open problem in optically thermalized weakly nonlinear heavily multimode tight-binding networks. The outlined thermodynamic formulation allows one to obtain in an elegant manner analytical results for the exerted thermodynamic pressures in utterly complex arrangements-results that are either computationally intensive or impossible to obtain otherwise. Thus, we derive simple closed-form expressions for the thermodynamic optical pressures displayed among elements, which depend only on the internal energy as well as the coupling coefficients involved. In all cases, our theoretical results are in excellent agreement with numerical computations. Our study may pave the way towards a deeper understanding of these complex processes and could open up avenues in harnessing radiation forces in multimode optomechanical systems.
Adiposity and NMR-measured lipid and metabolic biomarkers among 30,000 Mexican adults
Authors: Aguilar-Ramirez Diego , Herrington William G. , Alegre-Díaz Jesus , Staplin Natalie , Ramírez-Reyes Raúl , Gnatiuc Louisa Friedrichs , Hill Michael , Romer Frederik , Trichia Eirini , Bragg Fiona , Wade Rachel , Lewington Sarah , Collins Rory , Emberson Jonathan R. , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Tapia-Conyer Roberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdiposity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in part due to effects on blood lipids. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides direct information on >130 biomarkers mostly related to blood lipid particles.MethodsAmong 28,934 Mexican adults without chronic disease and not taking lipid-lowering therapy, we examine the cross-sectional relevance of body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and hip circumference (HC) to NMR-measured metabolic biomarkers. Confounder-adjusted associations between each adiposity measure and NMR biomarkers are estimated before and after mutual adjustment for other adiposity measures.ResultsMarkers of general (ie, BMI), abdominal (ie, WC and WHR) and gluteo-femoral (ie, HC) adiposity all display similar and strong associations across the NMR-platform of biomarkers, particularly for biomarkers that increase cardiometabolic risk. Higher adiposity associates with higher levels of Apolipoprotein-B (about 0.35, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.25 SD higher Apolipoprotein-B per 2-SD higher BMI, WHR, WC, and HC, respectively), higher levels of very low-density lipoprotein particles (and the cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids within these lipoproteins), higher levels of all fatty acids (particularly mono-unsaturated fatty acids) and multiple changes in other metabolic biomarkers including higher levels of branched-chain amino acids and the inflammation biomarker glycoprotein acetyls. Associations for general and abdominal adiposity are fairly independent of each other but, given general and abdominal adiposity, higher gluteo-femoral adiposity is associated with a strongly favourable cardiometabolic lipid profile.ConclusionsOur results provide insight to the lipidic and metabolomic signatures of different adiposity markers in a previously understudied population where adiposity is common but lipid-lowering therapy is not.
Design of a polarization selective surface for co‐channel interference suppression
Authors: Wang Xian , Wang Yue , Liu Qikun , Zhou Dongfang , Lv Dalong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a novel design of polarization selective surface (PSS) is proposed for co‐channel interference (CCI) suppression. By establishing a switchable doublet topology, two types of second‐order filtering responses with two transmission zeros are generated under TE and TM polarizations. The PSS element is composed of a combined dual‐mode resonant cavity. Meanwhile, the coupling matrix provides guidelines for PSS design. Moreover, detailed analyses of polarization angles account for CCI suppression. Finally, to verify the design, the PSS prototype is fabricated and tested. Measured results are in good agreement with simulations. The CCI suppression is demonstrated at two frequency bands with the highest suppression level up to 42.6 dB.
The influence of metallicity on a combined stellar and disk evolution
Authors: Gehrig L. , Steindl T. , Vorobyov E. I. , Guadarrama R. , Zwintz K. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Determining the effects of an accretion disk is crucial to understanding the evolution of young stars. During the combined evolution, stellar and disk parameters influence one another, which motivated us to develop a combined stellar and disk model. This makes a combined numerical model, with the disk evolving alongside the star, the next logical step in the progress of studying early stellar evolution.
Aims. We aim to understand the effects of metallicity on the accretion disk and the stellar spin evolution during the T Tauri phase.
Methods. We combined the numerical treatment of a hydrodynamic disk with stellar evolution, including a stellar spin model and allowing a self-consistent calculation of the back-reactions between the individual components.
Results. We present the self-consistent theoretical evolution of T Tauri stars coupled to a stellar disk. We find that disks in low-metallicity environments are heated differently and have shorter lifetimes compared to their solar-metallicity counterparts. Differences in stellar radii, the contraction rate of the stellar radius, and the shorter disk lifetimes result in low-metallicity stars rotating more rapidly.
Conclusions. We present an additional explanation for the observed short disk lifetimes in low-metallicity clusters. A combination of our model with those of previous studies (e.g., a metallicity-based photo-evaporation) could help us understand disk evolution and dispersal at different metallicities. Furthermore, our stellar spin evolution model includes several important effects that had previously been ignored (e.g., the stellar magnetic field strength and a realistic calculation of the disk lifetime). We encourage others to include our results as initial or input parameters in further spin evolution models that cover the stellar evolution toward and during the main sequence.
Is my mobile phone listening to me?
Authors: Jones Rodney H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite denials from tech executives, fact-checks from journalists and explanations from security experts, the “conspiracy theory” that internet companies listen to people’s conversations via the microphones in their mobile phones persists. This paper explores the ways people make sense of their everyday encounters with digital surveillance, and how they engage with or resist conspiratorial thinking in the context of the actual conspiracies implicated in the exploitative business models of tech companies. It examines how people talk about their lived experiences of being monitored, and how they work together with others to construct improvised epistemologies to explain them. The data come from a corpus of online discussions on digital surveillance from Reddit, YouTube and Quora. The analysis suggests while the theories that grow out of personal stories of digital surveillance may not be technologically accurate, they still constitute a kind of emerging digital literacy, a collective effort to make sense of and take a stance against the intrusive practices of tech companies. Such talk also serves a social function, providing people with ways to collectively narrativize their feelings of dwindling autonomy and to work together to formulate strategies to cope with complex technological and economic forces influencing contemporary communication.
“These cameras won’t show the crowds”
Authors: Campolong Kelsey 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter uses a linguistically-based critical discourse analytic framework to identify, isolate, and contextualize the discursive strategies involved in the construction of conspiracy theories in former US President Donald Trump’s campaign-style rally speeches. Unlike simple falsehoods, conspiracy theories are discursively constructed, repeated, and must involve (specific or vague) accusations about certain agents acting against another party surreptitiously. This chapter analyzes the discursive strategies Trump uses to construct the “crowd size” conspiracy theory: the oft-repeated claim in Trumpian discourse that Trump’s opponents (especially the media) routinely manipulate, mask, and underestimate the number of Trump’s supporters who come to see him at events. Five discursive strategies are identified: the iconization of stock phrases, the repetition of numbers, insults, intertextuality, and recursivity. I also demonstrate how the application of these strategies is necessarily intradiscursively intertextual, i.e., characterized by repetition and reference across both speech genre (campaign rallies) and discursive context (Trumpian discourse) more broadly.
Multiscale entropy as a metric of brain maturation in a large cohort of typically developing children born preterm using longitudinal high-density EEG in the first two years of life
Authors: Pelc Karine , Gajewska Aleksandra , Napiórkowski Natan , Dan Jonathan , Verhoeven Caroline , Dan Bernard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. We aimed to analyze whether complexity of brain electrical activity (EEG) measured by multiscale entropy (MSE) increases with brain maturation during the first two years of life. We also aimed to investigate whether this complexity shows regional differences across the brain, and whether changes in complexity are influenced by extrauterine life experience duration. Approach. We measured MSE of EEG signals recorded longitudinally using a high-density setup (64 or 128 electrodes) in 84 typically developing infants born preterm (<32 weeks’ gestation) from term age to two years. We analyzed the complexity index and maximum value of MSE over increasing age, across brain regions, and in function of extrauterine life duration, and used correlation matrices as a metric of functional connectivity of the cerebral cortex. Main results. We found an increase of strong inter-channel correlation of MSE (R > 0.8) with increasing age. Regional analysis showed significantly increased MSE between 3 and 24 months of corrected age in the posterior and middle regions with respect to the anterior region. We found a weak relationship (adjusted R2 = 0.135) between MSE and extrauterine life duration. Significance. These findings suggest that brain functional connectivity increases with maturation during the first two years of life. EEG complexity shows regional differences with earlier maturation of the visual cortex and brain regions involved in joint attention than of regions involved in cognitive analysis, abstract thought, and social behavior regulation. Finally, our MSE analysis suggested only a weak influence of early extrauterine life experiences (prior to term age) on EEG complexity.
Material-based modeling of cavatappi artificial muscles
Authors: Higueras-Ruiz Diego R , Feigenbaum Heidi P , Shafer Michael W 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Soft actuators show much promise for use in bioinspired and biomimetic robotics as they share many similarities with actuation systems found in nature. Twisted and coiled actuators are soft actuators that have been shown to outperform many metrics of biological muscles, leading researchers to derive actuation models for future control and implementation. Although models have been proposed for twisted and coiled carbon nanotubes and polymer fibers, cavatappi artificial muscles—a novel twisted and coiled fluidic soft actuator—have not been modeled yet. This work establishes a framework for modeling cavatappi using the thick-wall pressure vessel stress analysis and the spring theory. The presented model uses the mechanical properties of the precursor drawn material used for fabrication, initial twist (internal fiber angle), muscle geometry, and internal pressure to predict the artificial muscles contraction under different external loads. The model predictions agree with the experimental results for cavatappi of different internal fiber angles and load conditions. Given their potential implementation in bioinspired applications, our model can help better design, optimize, and control the actuation response of cavatappi.
Fisher matrix for the one-loop galaxy power spectrum: measuring expansion and growth rates without assuming a cosmological model
Authors: Amendola Luca , Pietroni Massimo , Quartin Miguel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We introduce a methodology to extend the Fisher matrix forecasts to mildly non-linear
scales without the need of selecting a cosmological model. We make use of standard non-linear
perturbation theory for biased tracers complemented by counterterms, and assume that the
cosmological distances can be measured accurately with standard candles. Instead of choosing a
specific model, we parametrize the linear power spectrum and the growth rate in several k and
z bins. We show that one can then obtain model-independent constraints of the expansion rate
E(z) = E(z)/H
0 and the growth rate f(k,z), besides the bias functions. We apply the technique
to both Euclid and DESI public specifications in the range 0.6 ≤ z ≤ 1.8 and show that the
gain in precision when going from k
max = 0.1 to 0.2 h/Mpc is around two- to threefold,
while it reaches four- to ninefold when extending to k
max = 0.3 h/Mpc. In absolute
terms, with k
max = 0.2 h/Mpc, one can reach high precision on E(z) at each z-shell:
8–10% for DESI with Δz = 0.1, 5–6% for Euclid with Δz = 0.2–0.3. This improves to
1–2% if the growth rate f is taken to be k-independent. The growth rate itself has in
general much weaker constraints, unless assumed to be k-independent, in which case the gain is
similar to the one for E(z) and uncertainties around 5–15% can be reached at each z-bin. We
also discuss how neglecting the non-linear corrections can have a large effect on the constraints
even for k
max = 0.1 h/Mpc, unless one has independent strong prior information on the
non-linear parameters.
Reheating with effective potentials
Authors: Katuwal S. , Miao S.P. , Woodard R.P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We consider reheating for a charged inflaton which is minimally coupled to
electromagnetism. The evolution of such an inflaton induces a time-dependent
mass for the photon. We show how the massive photon propagator can be
expressed as a spatial Fourier mode sum involving three different sorts of
mode functions, just like the constant mass case. We develop accurate
analytic approximations for these mode functions, and use them to approximate
the effective force exerted on the inflaton 0-mode. This effective force
allows one to simply compute the evolution of the inflaton 0-mode and to
follow the progress of reheating.
A Self-learning Neural Network Approach for Radio Frequency Interference Detection and Removal in Radio Astronomy
Authors: Saliwanchik Benjamin R. B. , Slosar Anže 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a novel neural network (NN) method for the detection and removal of radio frequency interference (RFI) from the raw digitized signal in the signal processing chain of a typical radio astronomy experiment. The main advantage of our method is that it does not require a training set. Instead, our method relies on the fact that the true signal of interest coming from astronomical sources is thermal and therefore described as a Gaussian random process, which cannot be compressed. We employ a variational encoder/decoder network to find the compressible information in the data stream that can explain the most variance with the fewest degrees of freedom. We demonstrate it on a set of toy problems and stored ring buffers from the Baryon Mapping eXperiment prototype. We find that the RFI subtraction is effective at cleaning simulated time streams: While we find that the power spectra of the RFI-cleaned time streams output by the NN suffer from extra signal consistent with additive noise, we find that it is generally around percent level across the band and sub 10% in contaminated spectral channels even when RFI power is an order of magnitude larger than the signal. We discuss the advantages and limitations of this method and possible implementation in the front end of future radio experiments.