bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Artificial intelligence framework‐based ultra‐lightweight communication protocol for prediction of attacks in Internet of Things environment
Authors: Jammula Mounika , Vakamulla Venkata Mani , Kondoju Sai Krishna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Internet of Things is an enhanced intelligent infrastructure that is created through the use of a number of different devices that are capable of self‐organization. Data privacy and protection are the primary problems brought up by this enormous network. In addition, the devices in the network with constrained resources are battery‐powered, thus they only have a limited capacity to store resources internally. Because of this, it is vital to discover solutions that are more resource‐optimized and connected to security in order to solve the issues that were caused by the network. The devices are being forced to maintain more complicated cryptographic algorithms for higher security. Therefore, this article proposes an integrated communication protocol that requires only symmetric key‐based cryptography with a deep learning convolutional neural network, which is employed for predicting the normal and attacked data from the input requested data. Here, the logical map is used to produce the symmetric keys due to its resistance against the attacks of key reset and device capture. This integrated model provides an ultra‐lightweight communication protocol with reduced attack detection time while enhancing the attack detection parameters such as precision, accuracy, F1‐score, and recall.
Differences in functional connectivity distribution after transcranial direct‐current stimulation: A connectivity density point of view
Authors: Tang Bohao , Zhao Yi , Venkataraman Archana , Tsapkini Kyrana , Lindquist Martin A. , Pekar James , Caffo Brian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this manuscript, we consider the problem of relating functional connectivity measurements viewed as statistical distributions to outcomes. We demonstrate the utility of using the distribution of connectivity on a study of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging association with an intervention. The method uses the estimated density of connectivity between nodes of interest as a functional covariate. Moreover, we demonstrate the utility of the procedure in an instance where connectivity is naturally considered an outcome by reversing the predictor/response relationship using case/control methodology. The method utilizes the density quantile, the density evaluated at empirical quantiles, instead of the empirical density directly. This improved the performance of the method by highlighting tail behavior, though we emphasize that by being flexible and non‐parametric, the technique can detect effects related to the central portion of the density. To demonstrate the method in an application, we consider 47 primary progressive aphasia patients with various levels of language abilities. These patients were randomly assigned to two treatment arms, transcranial direct‐current stimulation and language therapy versus sham (language therapy only), in a clinical trial. We use the method to analyze the effect of direct stimulation on functional connectivity. As such, we estimate the density of correlations among the regions of interest and study the difference in the density post‐intervention between treatment arms. We discover that it is the tail of the density, rather than the mean or lower order moments of the distribution, that demonstrates a significant impact in the classification. The new approach has several benefits. Among them, it drastically reduces the number of multiple comparisons compared with edge‐wise analysis. In addition, it allows for the investigation of the impact of functional connectivity on the outcomes where the connectivity is not geometrically localized.
Clinical efficacy of synbiotics in children with allergic rhinitis: An observational cohort study from a private medical center in Peru
Authors: Galvan Calle Cesar A. , Díaz Vásquez Cecilia , Muñoz Leon Ricardo , Matos Benavides Edgar E. , Verde Leon Alejandra V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundProbiotics in allergic rhinitis (AR) have shown improvement in clinical and quality of life scores, whereas the role of synbiotics in the treatment of AR has been poorly investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of synbiotics in children with AR.MethodsAn observational, prospective cohort study of pediatric outpatients with AR from a private medical center in Peru (2021) was conducted. At baseline, patients who were prescribed synbiotics during routine and those who were not (controls) recruited and followed up on Days 30, 60, and 90 of follow‐up. Clinical efficacy was assessed with differences in Visual Analogous Scale (VAS), Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), and the Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ) scores between groups at follow‐up. Mean differences ± standard deviation (SD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are reported.ResultsTwo hundred and fifteen participants were analyzed. Compared to controls (n = 115), those who used synbiotics (n = 100) had significantly lower VAS (mean difference 1.3; 95% CI: 0.8–1.8), TNSS (mean difference 1.1; 95% CI: 0.5–1.7) and higher RCAT scores and PRQLQ scores (mean difference 2.2; 95% CI: −3.3 to −1.2) and (mean difference 7.0; 95% CI: 3.1–10.9), respectively, at Day 90 of follow‐upConclusionsThis paper reports significant improvement in clinical (VAS, RCAT, TNSS) and quality of life (PRQLQ) scores of small and large sizes, respectively. These preliminary findings support the need of future trials to assess the role of synbiotics in children with AR.
The modulation of macrophage subsets in celiac disease pathogenesis
Authors: Molaaghaee‐Rouzbahani Sara , Asri Nastaran , Jahani‐Sherafat Somayeh , Amani Davar , Masotti Andrea , Baghaei Kaveh , Yadegar Abbas , Mirjalali Hamed , Rostami‐Nejad Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSo far, limited studies have focused on the role of Macrophages (MQs) in the development or progression of celiac disease (CD). Researchers believe that increasing knowledge about the function of MQs in inflammatory disorders plays a critical role in finding a new treatment for these kinds of diseases.Main bodyCD is a permanent autoimmune intestinal disorder triggered by gluten exposure in predisposed individuals. This disorder happens due to the loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity characterized by dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses. MQs are known as key players of the innate immune system that link innate and adaptive immunity. MQs of human intestinal lamina propria participate in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and also intestinal inflammation development. Previous studies suggested that gliadin triggers a proinflammatory phenotype (M1 MQ) in human primary MQs. Moreover, M2‐related immunosuppressive mediators are also present in CD. In fact, CD patients present an impaired transition from pro‐inflammatory to anti‐inflammatory responses due to inappropriate responses to gliadin peptides.ConclusionThe M1/M2 MQs polarization balancing regulators can be considered novel therapeutic targets for celiac disease.
The effect of the US dollar exchange rate on oil prices: An oil financialization perspective
Authors: Wang Panpan , Liu Xiaoxing , Ho Tsungwu , Li Yishi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the regime‐specific relationship between the USD exchange rate and oil prices. We embed the threshold variables of structural breaks and oil financialization into the VAR model of the dollar–oil relationship. Using daily data from 1983 to 2022, we find that a marked structural change in the dollar–oil relation exists in 2001 and that deepening oil financialization drives the structural change, making the portfolio effect the dominant effect of the dollar on oil prices. After 2001, the dollar negatively affects oil prices in both the long and short run. Furthermore, our threshold regression based on the investor self‐adaptive expectation model shows that investor expectations significantly affect the dollar–oil relationship under oil financialization. A sharp increase in USD exchange rate volatility would strengthen investors' unilateral expectation of the trend of the USD exchange rate, which further enhances the portfolio effect, resulting in an even stronger negative effect of the dollar on oil prices.
2D MXenes for controlled releases of therapeutic proteins
Authors: Seitak Aibobek , Shanti Aya , Al Adem Kenana , Farid Nouran , Luo Shaohong , Iskandarov Javad , Karanikolos Georgios N. , Liao Kin , Chan Vincent , Lee Sungmun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMXenes belong to a new class of two dimensional (2D) functional nanomaterials, mainly encompassing transition‐metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, with unique physical, chemical, electronic and mechanical properties for various emerging applications across different fields. To date, the potentials of MXenes for biomedical application such as drug delivery have not been thoroughly explored due to the lack of information on their biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and biomolecule‐surface interaction. In this study, we developed novel drug delivery system from MXene for the controlled release of a model therapeutic protein. First, the structural, chemical and morphological properties of as synthesized MXenes were probed with electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Second, the potential cytotoxicity of MXene toward the proliferation and cell morphology of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) were evaluated with MTT assays and electron microscopy, respectively. Moreover, the drug loading capacities and sustained release capabilities of MXene were assessed in conjunction with machine learning approaches. Our results demonstrated that MXene did not significantly induce cellular toxicity at any concentration below 1 mg/ml which is within the range for effective dose of drug delivery vehicle. Most importantly, MXene was efficiently loaded with FITC‐catalase for subsequently achieving controlled release under different pHs. The release profiles of catalase from MXene showed higher initial rate under basic buffer (pH 9) compared to that in physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic buffers (pH 2). Taken together, the results of this study lead to a fundamental advancement toward the use of MXene as a nanocarrier for therapeutic proteins in drug delivery applications.
Protein Kinase G2 Is Essential for Skeletal Homeostasis and Adaptation to Mechanical Loading in Male but Not Female Mice
Authors: Kalyanaraman Hema , Pal China Shyamsundar , Cabriales Justin A. , Moininazeri Jafar , Casteel Darren E. , Garcia Julian J. , Wong Van W. , Chen Albert , Sah Robert L. , Boss Gerry R. , Pilz Renate B. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We previously showed that the NO/cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway positively regulates osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and survival in vitro, and that cGMP-elevating agents have bone-anabolic effects in mice. Here, we generated mice with an osteoblast-specific (OB) knockout (KO) of type 2 PKG (gene name Prkg2) using a Col1a1(2.3 kb)-Cre driver. Compared to wild type (WT) littermates, 8-week-old male OB Prkg2-KO mice had fewer osteoblasts, reduced bone formation rates, and lower trabecular and cortical bone volumes. Female OB Prkg2-KO littermates showed no bone abnormalities, despite the same degree of PKG2 deficiency in bone. Expression of osteoblast differentiation- and Wnt/β-catenin-related genes was lower in primary osteoblasts and bones of male KO but not female KO mice compared to WT littermates. Osteoclast parameters were unaffected in both sexes. Since PKG2 is part of a mechano-sensitive complex in osteoblast membranes, we examined its role during mechanical loading. Cyclical compression of the tibia increased cortical thickness and induced mechanosensitive and Wnt/β-catenin-related genes to a similar extent in male and female WT mice and female OB Prkg2-KO mice, but loading had a minimal effect in male KO mice. We conclude that PKG2 drives bone acquisition and adaptation to mechanical loading via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in male mice. The striking sexual dimorphism of OB Prkg2-KO mice suggests that current U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved cGMP-elevating agents may represent novel effective treatment options for male osteoporosis. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Knockdown of hsa_circ_0043691 restrains the progression of gastric cancer by decoying miR‐1294 to target pre‐leukemia transcription factor 3
Authors: Wu Jing , Gong Pan , Jiang Zhiyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to render pivotal effects in gastric cancer (GC). However, the effect of hsa_circ_0043691 in GC still needs to be further unveiled.MethodsThe contents of hsa_circ_0043691, miR‐1294, and pre‐leukemia transcription factor 3 (PBX3) were examined using qRT‐PCR or Western blot assay. In vitro colony formation, transwell, wound healing, flow cytometry, tube formation assays, glutaminolysis corresponding kit and in vivo Xenograft mice model were utilized to evaluate cell functions. The relationship between miR‐1294 and hsa_circ_0043691 or PBX3 was further verified.ResultsThe levels of hsa_circ_0043691 and PBX3 were upregulated, whereas miR‐1294 expression was diminished in GC tissues and cells. Hsa_circ_0043691 deficiency significantly inhibited GC cell progression and glutaminolysis metabolism. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0043691 was directly bound to miR‐1294 to modulate PBX3 expression. Besides, silencing of hsa_circ_0043691 impeded tumor growth in vivo.ConclusionHsa_circ_0043691 knockdown repressed GC malignant phenotypes by miR‐1294/PBX3 axis, which exhibited a novel therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Glucose and mannose analogs inhibit KSHV replication by blocking N‐glycosylation and inducing the unfolded protein response
Authors: Schlesinger Mariana , McDonald Christian , Ahuja Anuj , Alvarez Canete Carolina Alejandra , Nuñez del Prado Zelmira , Naipauer Julian , Lampidis Theodore , Mesri Enrique A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), an HIV/AIDS‐associated malignancy. Effective treatments against KS remain to be developed. The sugar analog 2‐deoxy‐
d‐glucose (2‐DG) is an anticancer agent that is well‐tolerated and safe in patients and was recently demonstrated to be a potent antiviral, including KSHV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Because 2‐DG inhibits glycolysis and N‐glycosylation, identifying its molecular targets is challenging. Here we compare the antiviral effect of 2‐DG with 2‐fluoro‐deoxy‐
d‐glucose, a glycolysis inhibitor, and 2‐deoxy‐fluoro‐
d‐mannose (2‐DFM), a specific N‐glycosylation inhibitor. At doses similar to those clinically achievable with 2‐DG, the three drugs impair KSHV replication and virion production in iSLK.219 cells via downregulation of viral structural glycoprotein expression (K8.1 and gB), being 2‐DFM the most potent KSHV inhibitor. Consistently with the higher potency of 2‐DFM, we found that
d‐mannose rescues KSHV glycoprotein synthesis and virus production, indicating that inhibition of N‐glycosylation is the main antiviral target using
d‐mannose competition experiments. Suppression of N‐glycosylation by the sugar drugs triggers ER stress. It activates the host unfolded protein response (UPR), counteracting KSHV‐induced inhibition of the protein kinase R‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase branch, particularly activating transcription factor 4 and C/EBP homologous protein expression. Finally, we demonstrate that sugar analogs induce autophagy (a prosurvival mechanism) and, thus, inhibit viral replication playing a protective role against KSHV‐induced cell death, further supporting their direct antiviral effect and potential therapeutic use. Our work identifies inhibition of N‐glycosylation leading to ER stress and UPR as an antienveloped virus target and sugar analogs such as 2‐DG and the newly identified 2‐DFM as antiviral drugs.
Gender and Ethnic Diversity in Academic Facial Plastic Surgery
Authors: Chou David W. , Layfield Eleanor , Prasad Karthik , Shih Charles , Brandstetter Kathleyn 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveCharacterize academic facial plastic surgeons by demographics, time in practice, academic productivity, and faculty position.Study TypeCross‐sectional study.MethodsFacial plastic surgery faculty in US otolaryngology residencies with a title of assistant professor, associate professor, or professor were identified. Demographics and academic data were obtained from public profiles and Scopus.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐eight surgeons were identified. Females comprised 25.6%. Most surgeons were White (69.6%), followed by Asian (25%), Hispanic (3.6%), and Black (1.8%). Mean h‐index was similar between sexes when controlling for years in practice (1.13 vs. 1.14, p = 0.575). Female representation was greater among early‐career surgeons (41%) than among mid‐ or late‐career surgeons (24% and 13%, respectively) (p = 0.006). The correlation of years in practice with academic title was similar between sexes. There was no difference in h‐index (p = 0.384) or distribution of academic positions (p = 0.658) between White and non‐White surgeons. There was no statistical difference in full professorship (p = 1.0) or research productivity (p = 0.974) between late‐career White and non‐White academic facial plastic surgeons. There was no statistical difference in promotion from assistant professorship (p = 0.506) or research productivity (p = 0.857) between White and non‐White surgeons in practice for over 5 years.ConclusionFemale representation in academic facial plastic surgery is low, though greater gender parity among younger surgeons suggests an improving trend. Hispanic and Black surgeons remain significantly underrepresented in the field. Although increased diversity is needed in academic facial plastic surgery, established minority surgeons have experienced similar research productivity and advancement through academic ranks as their majority counterparts.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 133:1869–1874, 2023
Twelve years of assessing the quality of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders
Authors: Deans Zandra C. , Biricik Anil , De Rycke Martine , Harton Gary L. , Hornak Miroslav , Khawaja Farrah , Moutou Céline , Traeger‐Synodinos Jan , Renwick Pamela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveGenomics Quality Assessment has provided external quality assessments (EQAs) for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for 12 years for eight monogenic diseases to identify sub‐optimal PGT strategies, testing and reporting of results, which can be shared with the genomics community to aid optimised standards of PGT services for couples.MethodThe EQAs were provided in two stages to mimic end‐to‐end protocols. Stage 1 involved DNA feasibility testing of a couple undergoing PGT and affected proband. Participants were required to report genotyping results and outline their embryo testing strategy. Lymphoblasts were distributed for mock embryo testing for stage 2. Submitted clinical reports and haplotyping results were assessed against peer‐ratified criteria. Performance was monitored to identify poor performance.ResultsThe most common testing methodology was short tandem repeat linkage analysis (59%); however, the adoption of single nucleotide polymorphism‐based platforms was observed and a move from blastomere to trophectoderm testing. There was a variation in testing strategies, assigning marker informativity and understanding test limitations, some clinically unsafe. Critical errors were reported for genotyping and interpretation.ConclusionEQA provides an overview of the standard of preimplantation genetic testing‐M clinical testing and identifies areas of improvement for accurate detection of high‐risk embryos.
Fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: What do we tell the prospective parents?
Authors: Giorgione Veronica , Haratz Karina Krajden , Constantini Shlomi , Birnbaum Roee , Malinger Gustavo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFetal cerebral ventriculomegaly is a relatively common finding, observed during approximately 1% of obstetric ultrasounds. In the second and third trimester, mild (≥10 mm) and severe ventriculomegaly (≥15 mm) are defined according to the measurement of distal lateral ventricles that is included in the routine sonographic examination of central nervous system. A detailed neurosonography and anatomy ultrasound should be performed to detect other associated anomalies in the central nervous system and in other systems, respectively. Fetal MRI might be useful when neurosonography is unavailable or suboptimal. The risk of chromosomal and non‐chromosomal genetic disorders associated with ventriculomegaly is high, therefore invasive genetic testing, including microarray, is recommended. Screening for prenatal infections, in particular cytomegalovirus and toxoplasmosis, should also be carried out at diagnosis. The prognosis is determined by the severity of ventriculomegaly and/or by the presence of co‐existing abnormalities. Fetal ventriculoamniotic shunting in progressive isolated severe ventriculomegaly is an experimental procedure. After delivery, ventricular‐peritoneal shunting or ventriculostomy are the two available options to treat hydrocephalus in specific conditions with similar long‐term outcomes. A multidisciplinary fetal neurology team, including perinatologists, geneticists, pediatric neurologists, neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons, can provide parents with the most thorough prenatal counseling. This review outlines the latest evidence on diagnosis and management of pregnancies complicated by fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly.
Boron‐doped polysilicon using spin‐on doping for high‐efficiency both‐side passivating contact silicon solar cells
Authors: Park HyunJung , Kim Jinsol , Choi Dongjin , Lee Sang‐Won , Kang Dongkyun , Lee Hae‐Seok , Kim Donghwan , Kim Munho , Kang Yoonmook 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on boron‐doped p+polysilicon (poly‐Si) passivating contacts using spin‐on doping (SOD). Experimental conditions, including annealing conditions, SOD concentration, and poly‐Si thickness, were controlled to improve passivation. Based on the analysis results, the passivation quality mainly changes with indiffusion and doping concentration, causing Auger recombination and field effects. Meanwhile, grain size also influences the passivation quality but showed marginal characteristics. Through further optimization using an etch back and diffusion barrier, the efficiency of the flat reference solar cell was improved to 17.5% with an open‐circuit voltage of 695 mV using a p+ poly‐Si contact emitter, the highest reported efficiency using SOD on saw‐damage‐etched surfaces. This study includes a detailed analysis of SOD p+ poly‐Si and shows promising results with potential for application in tandem devices. Furthermore, the cell efficiency is expected to increase by controlling the doping profile and application of textured surfaces, selective emitters, and forming gas annealing (FGA).