bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects and implementation of a minimized physical restraint program for older adults in nursing homes: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Jun , Liu Weichu , Li Xuelian , Li Luyong , Tong Jinyan , Zhao Qinghua , Xiao Mingzhao 
Published: September 2022

PurposePhysical restraint (PR) reduction interventions are currently exploring in developed regions with well-established welfare systems, whereas developing countries with fast population aging have not attracted enough attention. This China's pilot study evaluated the effects of a minimized PR program on restraint reduction and nursing assistants' knowledge, attitudes, intention, and practice toward PR and explored nursing assistants' experience of the program.Patients and methodsThis was a one-group, pretest, and posttest pilot trial with a nested qualitative descriptive study. A minimized PR program was obtained by summarizing the best evidence and was implemented in one Chinese nursing home with 102 older adults from December 18, 2020, to March 21, 2021. An educational program including three theoretical lectures and one operation training was first conducted for nursing assistants one-month period. The primary outcome was PR rate at 3 months. The secondary outcomes contained duration of restraints, types of restraints, the rate of correct PR use, the incidence of falls and/or fall-related injuries, and antipsychotics use at 3 months. Data on PR use and older adults' characteristics were collected through physical restraints observation forms and older adults' medical records. Nursing assistants' knowledge, attitude, intention, and practice toward PR were measured using the Staff Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire regarding PR at 1 month. A semi-structured interview for two administrative staff and a focus group discussion with 13 nursing assistants were analyzed using content analysis to explore perspectives of intervention implementation at 3 months.ResultsThere were a significant increase in knowledge, attitude, and practice and a decrease in intention of nursing assistants after 1-month educational intervention (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, only the rate of correct PR increased and the duration of restraint in the daytime decreased significantly at 3 months (P &lt; 0.05). There were no significant effects on PR rate and other secondary outcomes at follow-up. Qualitatively, nursing assistants demonstrated overtly supportive perspectives and that assistance from the program enhanced their knowledge and practice. They noted several challenges that impeded implementation.ConclusionThe intervention has acknowledged some benefits and was valued by nursing assistants. Implementation barriers should be addressed before delivering in larger trials.
Quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: A 2-year cohort study in primary mental health care in rural China
Authors: He Xiao-Yan , Migliorini Christine , Huang Zhuo-Hui , Wang Fei , Zhou Rui , Chen Zi-Lang , Xiao Yao-Nan , Wang Qian-Wen , Wang Shi-Bin , Harvey Carol , Hou Cai-Lan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveQuality of life (QoL) has been always an important way to evaluate the outcomes of schizophrenia, but there have been few previous longitudinal studies and few in middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore the QoL in Chinese patients with schizophrenia treated in primary mental health care and the risk factors of QoL over time.MethodsPatients with schizophrenia treated in primary mental health care in rural/regional areas in Luoding, Guangdong, PR China, were evaluated with an extended questionnaire including the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted including Generalized Estimated Equation analyses (GEE).ResultsFour hundred and ninety-one patients with schizophrenia in primary care completed the 2-year follow up evaluation. The QoL physical, environmental, and social relationships domains showed improvement after the 2-year period, but the psychological domain did not. GEE results showed that earlier age of onset, older age, being employed, being unmarried, the thicker waist circumference, less use of clozapine or other SGAs, fewer hospitalizations, more frequent insomnia, more severe depressive and negative symptoms as well as worse treatment insight were independently associated with poor QoL in patients with schizophrenia.ConclusionAccording to our results, to improve the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia in primary care, we should pay more attention to the treatment of depression, negative and insomnia symptoms of schizophrenia, the choice and dosage of antipsychotic medication and improvement in the treatment compliance. The combined use of educational and behavioral strategies may improve treatment adherence.
Relationships between urinary metals concentrations and cognitive performance among U.S. older people in NHANES 2011–2014
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Xiao Pei , Wang Rui , Luo Chao , Zhang Zeyao , Yu Shali , Wu Qiyun , Li Ye , Zhang Yali , Zhang Hongbing , Zhao Xinyuan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundEpidemiological evidence on Urine metals and cognitive impairment in older individuals is sparse and limited. The goal of this study was to analyze if there was a link between urinary metal levels and cognitive performance in U.S. people aged 60 and up.MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2014 were utilized in this cross-sectional analysis. Memory function was quantified using the following methods: Established Consortium for Word Learning in Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-WL) (immediate learning and recall and delayed recall), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to estimate urine metal concentrations. The connection of Urine metals level with cognitive function was investigated employing binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models.ResultsA total of 840 participants aged 60 years and over were enrolled in this study. After controlling for confounders, the association between cadmium, barium, cobalt, cesium, manganese, and thallium and poor cognitive performance showed significance in multiple logistic regression compared to the lowest quartile of metals. In the DSST test, the weighted multivariate adjusted ORs (95% CI) for cadmium in the highest quartile, barium and cesium in the third quartile were 2.444 (1.310–4.560), 0.412 (0.180–0.942) and 0.440 (0.198–0.979), respectively. There were L-shaped associations between urine cesium, barium, or manganese and low cognitive performance in DSST. Urine lead, molybdenum and uranium did not show any significant relationships with cognitive impairment, respectively, compared to the respective lowest quartile concentrations.ConclusionThe levels of barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), cesium (Cs), manganese (Mn), and thallium (Tl) in urine were found to be negatively related to the prevalence of impaired cognitive performance in our cross-sectional investigation. Higher cadmium (Cd) levels were associated with cognitive impairment.
Artificial intelligence for assessing the severity of microtia via deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Wang Dawei , Chen Xue , Wu Yiping , Tang Hongbo , Deng Pei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundMicrotia is a congenital abnormality varying from slightly structural abnormalities to the complete absence of the external ear. However, there is no gold standard for assessing the severity of microtia.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop and test models of artificial intelligence to assess the severity of microtia using clinical photographs.MethodsA total of 800 ear images were included, and randomly divided into training, validation, and test set. Nine convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained for classifying the severity of microtia. The evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, receiver operating characteristic curve, and area under the curve (AUC) values, were used to evaluate the performance of the models.ResultsEight CNNs were tested with accuracy greater than 0.8. Among them, Alexnet and Mobilenet achieved the highest accuracy of 0.9. Except for Mnasnet, all CNNs achieved high AUC values higher than 0.9 for each grade of microtia. In most CNNs, the grade I microtia had the lowest AUC values and the normal ear had the highest AUC values.ConclusionCNN can classify the severity of microtia with high accuracy. Artificial intelligence is expected to provide an objective, automated assessment of the severity of microtia.
Physical Effects, Safety and Feasibility of Prehabilitation in Patients Awaiting Orthotopic Liver Transplantation, a Systematic Review
Authors: Jetten Wesley D. , Hogenbirk Rianne N. M. , Van Meeteren Nico L. U. , Cuperus Frans J. C. , Klaase Joost M. , De Jong Renate 
Published: September 2022

Prehabilitation improves surgical outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. However, patients preparing for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are physically “frail” and suffer from comorbidities that generally hamper physical activity. This systematic review aims to evaluate the physical effects, safety and feasibility of prehabilitation in OLT candidates. Relevant articles were searched, in Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Medline and Google Scholar, to December 2021. Studies reporting on specified preoperative exercise programs, including adult OLT candidates with end-stage liver disease, with a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score ≥12 or Child-Pugh classification B/C, were included. This resulted in 563 potentially eligible studies, out of which eight were selected for inclusion, consisting of 1,094 patients (male sex 68%; mean age 51–61 years; mean MELD score 12-21). Six of the included studies were classified as low-quality by the GRADE system, and three studies had high risk for ineffectiveness of the training program according to the i-CONTENT tool. Significant improvement was observed in VO2 peak, 6-minute walking distance, hand grip strength, liver frailty index and quality of life. Feasibility ranged from an adherence of 38%–90% in unsupervised-to &gt;94% in supervised programs. No serious adverse events were reported. In conclusion, prehabilitation in patients awaiting OLT appears to improve aerobic capacity, and seems feasible and safe. However, larger clinical trials are required to accurately examine the preoperative and postoperative effects of prehabilitation in this specific patient population.
Nosological structure of ophthalmic emergencies in on-call ophthalmologist visits: a retrospective study
Authors: Abdullin E. A. , Poleshuk O. V. , Salkova E. A. , Sadovenko S. N. , Bogdanec M. E. , Girenok E. V. , Urbanova M. S. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives. A retrospective analysis of the nosological structure of ophthalmic emergencies based on on-call ophthalmologist reports in 2021.Materials and methods. A total of 400 people admitted to the emergency room of Territorial Clinical Hospital No. 2 were selected. Data were analysed with MS Excel using descriptive statistics; the results displayed in charts, as well as absolute numbers and the percentage of total cases.Results. On average, over 10,000 patients with various injuries of the eyeball and adnexa visit the emergency room every year. The patient mean age was 37.4 ± 10.7 years. Unemployed persons or those without formal employment predominated. The injuries were mostly domestic accident. The commonest diagnosis was corneal foreign body (53.5%).Conclusions. Foreign body was established as the main ocular surface injury (64.75%). Corneal erosions rank second after foreign bodies. Penetrating wounds account for 2.5% cases, comprising the cause of visual impairments as severe as blindness. Preventive measures should be planned and implemented based on the nosological structure identified.
Localization of nitric oxide syntases and small apoptotic molecules in the nasal mucosa in polypoid rhinosinusitis
Authors: Pavlush D. G. , Matveeva N. Yu. 
Published: September 2022

Aim. To study the localization of NO synthases and apoptosis markers in the nasal mucosa in rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps (RNP).Methods. We studied the biopsy material of nasal cavity polyps and mucous membrane sections of the inferior turbinates of female and male patients aged 35–70 years (n = 70, mean age 57.4 ± 1.52) undergoing surgical treatment in the otorhinolaryngological department of the Vladivostok Clinical Hospital No. 1. The experimental group included polyp materials obtained via polypectomy from patients (n = 50) with a clinically verified diagnosis of nasal polyps without a concomitant pathology of the nasal mucosa. The control group included two variants of nasal mucosa samples. Group I (control I) comprised the nasal mucosa material of patients diagnosed with deviated septum who underwent rhinoseptoplasty (n = 20) without polyposis and concomitant inflammatory and allergic pathologies. Group II (control II) comprised the mucous membrane material of inferior turbinates (n = 50), which was obtained during surgical treatment of patients with a clinical diagnosis of nasal polyps.Results. It was found that nasal mucosa cells in RNP are characterized by an increased expression of nNOS/iNOS markers, which correlates with the distribution of proapoptotic factors and depends on the clinical and morphological type of polyps.Conclusions. The development of RNP is accompanied with an increased expression of NOS and apoptosis factors in the nasal mucosa. The specific signal microenvironment provides favorable conditions for the formation of polyps of various morphological types.
Identifikasi Penentuan Perbaikan Jalan Rusak dengan Skala Prioritas pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Menggunakan Metode SAW
Authors: Saputra Andi 
Published: September 2022

Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum khususnya Dinas Bina Marga merupakan bagian yang bertanggung jawab atas pembangunan jalan di seluruh Indonesia. Namun, beberapa jalan yang dibangun oleh Dinas Pekerjaan kurang mendapat perawatan dan perbaikan. Perbaikan yang dilakukan seringkali tidak tepat sasaran atau kurangnya informasi tentang jalan yang rusak, dengan begitu maka penggunaan metode SAW untuk mengambil keputusan yang tepat saat memilih prioritas perbaikan. Kondisi jalan merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kenyamanan pengguna jalan dan juga merupakan faktor yang menjadi alasan banyaknya kecekalaan lalu lintas. Banyaknya masalah kondisi jalan menjadi suatu kendala yang tidak dapat dipungkiri dari setiap wilayah di Indonesia begitu juga di Provinsi Riau. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mengakibatkan suatu jalan mengalami kerusakan diantaranya adalah jalan yang dilewati oleh kendaraan dengan bobot yang tidak seharusnya seperti bus dan truk besar. Data yang akan di pakai dalam penentuan prioritas perbaikan adalah daya yang telah di kumpulkan dengan bagian yang bertanggung jawab dalam kegiatan pemeliharaan jalan Provinsi Riau. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) sering juga dikenal istilah metode penjumlahan terbobot. Konsep dasar metode SAW adalah mencari penjumlahan terbobot dari rating kinerja pada setiap alternatif pada semua atribut. Metode SAW membutuhkan proses normalisasi matriks keputusan (X) ke suatu skala yang dapat diperbandingkan dengan semua rating alternatif yang adakata kunci dari makalah tersebut dalam daftar kata kunci. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan teks utama makalah.
Minimum-Perimeter Lattice Animals and the Constant-Isomer Conjecture
Authors: Barequet Gill , Ben-Shachar Gil 
Published: September 2022

We consider minimum-perimeter lattice animals, providing a set of conditions which are sufficient for a lattice to have the property that inflating all minimum-perimeter animals of a certain size yields (without repetitions) all minimum-perimeter animals of a new, larger size. We demonstrate this result on the two-dimensional square and hexagonal lattices. In addition, we characterize the sizes of minimum-perimeter animals on these lattices that are not created by inflating members of another set of minimum-perimeter animals.
Infrared Coronal Line Emission during the 2010 Outburst of the Recurrent Nova U Scorpii
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Sitko Michael L. , Russell Ray W. , Lynch David K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Infrared spectroscopy of the recurrent nova U Scorpii from 14.2 days after its 2010 outburst reveals two very strong infrared coronal lines: [Si x] at 1.4305 μm and [Al ix] at 2.0400 μm. Taken together with the detection of coronal lines in the 2022 outburst, this suggests that coronal line emission from U Sco may be a regular, if previously under-observed, occurrence. The strength of the two coronal lines relative the H i emission, and the surprising absence of several commonly seen coronal lines, including some that form under similar conditions as the [Si x] and [Al ix] features, are discussed.
Optimal control of the 3D damped Navier-Stokes-Voigt equations with control constraints
Authors: Kumarasamy Sakthivel 
Published: September 2022

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper, we consider the 3D Navier-Stokes-Voigt (NSV) equations with nonlinear damping <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ |u|^{r-1}u, r\in[1, \infty) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> in bounded and space-periodic domains. We formulate an optimal control problem of minimizing the curl of the velocity field in the energy norm subject to the flow velocity satisfying the damped NSV equation with a distributed control force. The control also needs to obey box-type constraints. For any <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ r\geq 1, $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>	the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution is discussed when the domain <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ \Omega $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is periodic/bounded in <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ \mathbb R^3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> while a unique strong solution is obtained in the case of space-periodic boundary conditions. We prove the existence of an optimal pair for the control problem. Using the classical adjoint problem approach, we show that the optimal control satisfies a first-order necessary optimality condition given by a variational inequality. Since the optimal control problem is non-convex, we obtain a second-order sufficient optimality condition showing that an admissible control is locally optimal. Further, we derive optimality conditions in terms of adjoint state defined with respect to the growth of the damping term for a global optimal control.</p>
Lipid classes and fatty acid composition in two parasitic copepods Peroderma cylindricum and Lernaeocera lusci and their respective fish hosts Sardina pilchardus and Merluccius merluccius from the Tunisian waters
Authors: Hajji T. , Telahigue K. , Rabeh I. , El Cafsi M. 
Published: September 2022

The present study investigates the detailed lipid classes and their fatty acid (FA) compositions from two parasitic copepods Lernaeocera lusci and Peroderma cylindricum and their respective fish host species Merluccius merluccius and Sardina pilchardus. The lipid classes, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI), triacylglycerol (TAG), wax ester/cholesterol ester (WE/CE), mono-diacylglycerol (MDG), and free fatty acids (FFA) were separated by thin layer chromatography. The results revealed that TAG and PC were the major lipid classes in parasites; while WE/CE and PS were the most abundant in hosts. As for FA composition, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1n-9, C20:5n-3, and C22:6n-3 were recurrently found to be dominant in all lipid classes of the different organisms studied. However, some differences concerning the abundance and the distribution of several FAs were observed. Overall, the obtained results highlighted that despite the quite strong trophic connection between the parasites and their respective hosts, the parasites could be distinguished by specific lipid profiles.
Research on the Influence of Socialization Strategy of Online Educating Platform on Users' Learning Behavior
Authors: Zhang Renping , Zheng Shiyong , Li Jiaying , Manta Otilia 
Published: September 2022

This paper researches on the influence of socialization strategies on users' learning behavior in online educating platform. According to the organizational socialization theory, four typical socialization strategies of brand communities are studied: information feedbacking, interactive supporting, member educating, and information providing. The study reveals that the above four strategies all have positive influences on social identification, and then promote learning frequency and time. The study also illustrates that the economic stimulus (i.e., extrinsic motivation) of platform has influences on the behavior (i.e., learning frequency and time) of users on it. This research sheds light on that extrinsic motivation of learning has enhancing/crowding out effect on the internal motivation of users.
Alexandre de Humboldt et la pasigraphie en géologie
Authors: Gayet Mireille 
Published: September 2022

Alexandre de Humbold n’est sûrement pas celui à qui l’on se réfère pour l’histoire de la cartographie géologique. Cependant, dans l’impossibilité de dresser des cartes géologiques dans les llanos sud-américains, il s’est intéressé à la représentation graphique verticale des couches lithologiques, rédigeant, en 1804, ses Tables de pasigrafia geognostica. Il utilise une approche de la pasigraphie dite figurative avec représentation des couches par un figuré adéquat, déjà suggérée par Guettard en 1726. En 1835, il approfondira l’approche de la pasigraphie algorithmique, chère à Leibniz, avec notation spéciale par des lettres grecques, encore utilisée de nos jours. Cet intérêt « pasigraphique » s’explique chez cet homme, profondément pédagogue, qui se voulait universel et universellement compris.