bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating Globalised Ideals into Local Settings: The Actors and Complexities of Post-settlement Water Infrastructure Planning in Urban Ghana
Authors: Dakyaga Francis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFollowing the principles of the networked city and urban planning, pro-active planning of water infrastructure is pertinent for attaining universal water access. Ironically, in cities of the Global South, water infrastructure provision takes the form of post-settlement networks—where human settlements evolve to steer the provision of the large-scale water network. However, little is known about the complexities, the processes and motives, the actors involved and how they navigate towards universalising water access. I investigate this kind of infrastructure planning ideal, drawing inspiration from technological translations from the Global North to the Global South, using the case of Wa, a secondary city of Ghana. The study revealed that off-grid water systems initially served water in secondary cities. The large-scale water network later evolved as a “reactive measure” driven by the rise in population, and the failure of the off-grid water infrastructure to attain universal water access. Despite that, resistance from residents, spatial disorder and sprawling growth, utility policies and in capabilities challenged the efforts of the state utility towards attaining a universal water supply. Through creativity, the utility providers negotiated and invented multiple models of water supply contradictory to the “mono-modal” principles of the networked city. This produced and segregated water access across the urban zones of the city. The findings suggest that though the post-settlement water network provision represents an attempted translation of the networked city ideal, in practice, it does not conform with the hegemonic premise of a networked city to foster universal water supply in the cities of the Global South.
Theoretische und begriffliche Grundlagen der Consumer Decision Neuroscience
Authors: Gier Nadine R. 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungIm folgenden Kapitel 2 werden die theoretischen und begrifflichen Grundlagen der Consumer Decision Neuroscience dargestellt. Dabei werden in Abschnitt 2.1 zunächst ökonomische, behavioristische und kognitive Ansätze beschrieben, wobei das Kapitel mit ersten Dual-Process Theorien und dazugehörigen Kritikpunkten endet, die eine theoretische Weiterentwicklung der Modelle durch die Integration von neurowissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen zur Erklärung von Konsumentenentscheidungsprozessen avisieren. Die Forschungsgebiete, die sich aus dieser neurowissenschaftlichen Integration ergeben, werden in Abschnitt 2.2 definiert, systematisiert und differenziert, um anschließend das daraus entstandene Forschungsgebiet der Consumer Decision Neuroscience von bestehenden Forschungsgebieten abzugrenzen. Aufbauend auf den beiden vorangegangenen Kapiteln, wird in Abschnitt 2.3 anschließend das Reflektiv-Impulsiv Modell als eine neurowissenschaftlich fundierte Dual-Process Theorie vorgestellt, die als konzeptioneller Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit dient.
Analytical evaluation of cosmological correlation functions
Authors: Heckelbacher Till , Sachs Ivo , Skvortsov Evgeny , Vanhove Pierre 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using the Schwinger-Keldysh-formalism, reformulated in [1] as an effective field theory in Euclidean anti-de Sitter, we evaluate the one-loop cosmological four-point function of a conformally coupled interacting scalar field in de Sitter. Recasting the Witten cosmological correlator as flat space Feynman integrals, we evaluate the one-loop cosmological four-point functions in de Sitter space in terms of single-valued multiple polylogarithms. From it we derive anomalous dimensions and OPE coefficients of the dual conformal field theory at space-like, future infinity. In particular, we find an interesting degeneracy in the anomalous dimensions relating operators of neighboring spins.
Sgoldstino signal at FASER: prospects in searches for supersymmetry
Authors: Demidov Sergey , Gorbunov Dmitry , Kalashnikov Dmitry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate FASER@LHC perspectives in searches for light (0.1–5 GeV) sgoldstinos in models with low energy (10–104 TeV) supersymmetry breaking. We consider flavor conserving and flavor violating couplings of sgoldstinos to Standard Model fermions and find the both options to be testable at FASER. Even the first FASER run allows one to probe interesting patches in the model parameter space, while the second run, FASER-II, with significantly larger detector fiducial volume, gives a possibility to thoroughly explore a wide class of supersymmetric extensions of particle physics complementary to those probed at LHC with ATLAS and CMS detectors.
Causality constraints on black holes beyond GR
Authors: Serra Francesco , Serra Javi , Trincherini Enrico , Trombetta Leonardo G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We derive causality constraints on the simplest scalar-tensor theories in which black holes differ from what General Relativity predicts, a scalar coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet or the Chern-Simons terms. Demanding that time advances are unobservable within the regime of validity of these effective field theories, we find their cutoff must be parametrically of the same size as the inverse Schwarzschild radius of the black holes for which the non-standard effects are of order one. For astrophysical black holes within the range of current gravitational wave detectors, this means a cutoff length of the order of kilometers. We further explore the leading additional higher-dimensional operators potentially associated with the scale of UV completion and discuss their phenomenological implications for gravitational wave science.
Deforming symmetric product orbifolds: a tale of moduli and higher spin currents
Authors: Apolo Luis , Belin Alexandre , Bintanja Suzanne , Castro Alejandra , Keller Christoph A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We analyze how deforming symmetric product orbifolds of two-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 conformal field theories by an exactly marginal operator lifts higher spin currents present at the orbifold point. We find on the one hand that these currents are universally lifted regardless of the underlying CFT. On the other hand the details of the lifting are surprisingly non-universal, with dependence on the central charge of the underlying CFT and the specific marginal operator in use. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, our results illustrate the mechanism by which the stringy spectrum turns into a supergravity spectrum when moving through the moduli space. They also provide further evidence that symmetric product orbifolds of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 minimal models are holographic.
Probing 7-branes on orbifolds
Authors: Giacomelli Simone , Moleti Marina , Savelli Raffaele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
D3 branes in the vicinity of an E6, E7, or E8 stack of 7-branes in flat space are known to host at low energy a famous class of strongly-coupled $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal field theories featuring exceptional global symmetry. What if, instead, the 7-branes wrap an orbifold? We give a systematic characterization of such theories in the case of ℂ2/ℤn, and determine their main properties, like global symmetries, spectra of Coulomb-branch operators, and patterns of Higgs-branch flows. We put forward a set of rules to construct their magnetic quivers, which directly generalize what happens in the perturbative case, and later derive them using the duality with M5 branes probing M9 walls.
BPS coherent states and localization
Authors: Berenstein David , Wang Shannon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We introduce coherent states averaged over a gauge group action to study correlators of half BPS states in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory. The overlaps of these averaged coherent states are a generating function of correlators and can be written in terms of the Harish-Chandra-Itzykzon-Zuber (HCIZ) integral. We show that this formula immediately leads to a computation of the normalization of two point functions in terms of characters obtained originally in the work of Corley, Jevicki and Ramgoolam. We also find various generalizations for An−1 quivers that follow directly from other solvable integrals over unitary groups. All of these can be computed using localization methods. When we promote the parameters of the generating function to collective coordinates, there is a dominant saddle that controls the effective action of these coherent states in the regime where they describe single AdS giant gravitons. We also discuss how to add open strings to this formulation. These will produce calculations that rely on correlators of matrix components of unitaries in the ensemble that is determined by the HCIZ integral to determine anomalous dimensions. We also discuss how sphere giants arise from Grassman integrals, how one gets a dominant saddle and how open strings are added in that case. The fact that there is a dominant saddle helps to understand how a 1/N expansion arises for open strings. We generalize the coherent state idea to study 1/4 and 1/8 BPS states as more general integrals over unitary groups.
A robust knockoff filter for sparse regression analysis of microbiome compositional data
Authors: Monti Gianna Serafina , Filzmoser Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrobiome data analysis often relies on the identification of a subset of potential biomarkers associated with a clinical outcome of interest. Robust ZeroSum regression, an elastic-net penalized compositional regression built on the least trimmed squares estimator, is a variable selection procedure capable to cope with the high dimensionality of these data, their compositional nature, and, at the same time, it guarantees robustness against the presence of outliers. The necessity of discovering “true” effects and to improve clinical research quality and reproducibility has motivated us to propose a two-step robust compositional knockoff filter procedure, which allows selecting the set of relevant biomarkers, among the many measured features having a nonzero effect on the response, controlling the expected fraction of false positives. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal in an extensive simulation study, and illustrate its usefulness in an application to intestinal microbiome analysis.
Wie geht es dem akademischen Mittelbau?
Authors: Gleirscher Mario , Lenk Kerstin , Loebel Jens-Martin , Petersen Tom , Wagner Johannes 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungZum sogenannten Mittelbau zählen Doktoranden und Doktorandinnen, Postdocs, Nachwuchsgruppenleiter und -leiterinnen, Junior- und Tenure-Track-Professoren und -Professorinnen. Insbesondere Promovierende sowie Postdoktoranden und Postdoktorandinnen sind, noch mehr als früher, von den komplexen strukturellen und finanziellen Problematiken des Wissenschafts- und Lehrbetriebs betroffen, und das in vielerlei Hinsicht über Fächer hinweg. Der Flaschenhals auf dem Weg zur Professur oder einer anderweitig verstetigten Forschungs- oder Lehrstelle führt in der akademischen Karriere zu prekären Beschäftigungsverhältnissen. Die schwierige Vereinbarkeit von Familie und akademischer Karriere erzeugt eine zusätzliche Benachteiligung, insbesondere von Wissenschaftlerinnen. Mangelnde Qualitätssicherung sowie fehlende zuverlässige und vertrauenswürdige Prozesse erschweren die Aufdeckung und Aufarbeitung von Konflikten während der Promotionsphase und der Zeit des Postdoktorats. Der Beirat des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses (GI-WiN) der Gesellschaft für Informatik e. V. (GI) fordert und empfiehlt in einem Positionspapier (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-020-01250-x) mehrere Maßnahmen zur Stabilisierung von Karriere- und Beschäftigungssituation des Mittelbaus. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage zur Ergänzung und empirischen Untermauerung dieser Empfehlungen zusammen. Die vorliegende Umfrage wurde mit dem Anspruch erhoben, Daten aus allen Fachbereichen – nicht nur der Informatik – zu sammeln. In den Ergebnissen zeigte sich, dass diesen vielfältigen Herausforderungen begegnet werden muss, die in Nicht-MINT-Fächern und MINT-Fächern ähnlich empfunden werden. Die Schaffung von unbefristeten Stellen für die Phase nach der Promotion wurde im Rahmen der Umfrage als besonders wünschenswert angesehen. Vorgeschlagen wurde auch die Abschaffung von Lehrstühlen und die Einführung einer Departmentstruktur. Des Weiteren wurde die Trennung von Begutachtung und Betreuung vor allem bei der Promotion angeregt. Die letzten 2 Jahre im Zeichen der COVID-19-Pandemie waren für einen großen Teil der Betroffenen von fehlendem fachlichen Austausch und sowohl beruflichen als auch privaten Zusatzbelastungen geprägt. Diese Ergebnisse können über die genannten Fachbereiche hinaus eine Entscheidungsgrundlage für eine gerechtere Wissenschaftspolitik liefern und bessere Arbeits- und Karrierebedingungen für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs erwirken.
Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio in neoadjuvant-treated patients with breast cancer
Authors: von Au Alexandra , Shencoru Samra , Uhlmann Lorenz , Mayer Luisa , Michel Laura , Wallwiener Markus , Hennigs André , Deutsch Thomas , Riedel Fabian , Heil Joerg , Golatta Michael , Schneeweiss Andreas , Schütz Florian , Domschke Christoph 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women and prognosis is strongly influenced by tumor subtype. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for both locally advanced- and early-stage triple-negative and Her2-positive BC. Pathologic complete response (pCR) to NAC is an important predictor of patient outcomes. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is associated with prognosis in various malignancies. Here, we investigated the value of the pretreatment NLR as a response predictor in neoadjuvant-treated patients with BC.

Methods
A retrospective chart analysis of 862 patients with invasive BC treated with NAC at the Heidelberg University Hospital during 2003–2015 was conducted. NLR was calculated as the ratio of the absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood, and pCR was defined as absence of invasive or in situ carcinoma in breast and axillary lymph nodes.

Results
A total of 151 patients with invasive BC who underwent NAC were included in this study. NLR tended to be higher in the pCR group than the non-pCR group (p < 0.1). Analyses of BC subtypes demonstrated that NLR was significantly higher in the pCR- compared with the non-pCR group (3.304 vs. 2.379, respectively; p = 0.048) in patients with luminal B/Her2-negative tumors. Further, we found a significant difference in NLR according to remission status in postmenopausal patients (2.861 vs. 2.313, respectively; p = 0.043).

Conclusion
NLR was significantly higher only for patients achieving pCR in the Luminal B/Her2-negative and postmenopausal subgroups. Hence, NLR is a candidate additional predictive factor in patients with Luminal B/Her2-negative BC.
Robotic repair of perineal hernias: a video vignette and review of the literature
Authors: Watanaskul Sarah , Schwab Marisa E. , Colley Alexis , Chern Hueylan , Varma Madhulika G. , Hoffman William Y. , Sarin Ankit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Perineal hernias can be secondarily acquired following abdominoperineal resection of the rectum. While transabdominal minimally invasive techniques have traditionally used laparoscopy, there are few studies published on the robotic platform, which has been gaining popularity for other types of hernia repairs. We review the existing literature, share a video vignette, and provide practical tips for surgeons interested in adopting this approach.

Methods
A literature search in Pubmed was performed to include all articles in English describing robotic repair of perineal hernias with identification of variables of interest related to repair. A case presentation with an accompanying video vignette and lessons learned from the experience are provided.

Results
Seven case reports (four containing video) published between 2019 and 2022 were included. Most articles (n = 5) utilized the Da Vinci Si or Xi, and most patients (n = 5) had undergone abdominoperineal resection with neoadjuvant chemotherapy to treat rectal cancer. Patients were positioned in Trendelenburg with rightward tilt (n = 2), modified lithotomy (n = 1), or a combination of the two (n = 1). All articles (n = 7) reported closing the defect and using mesh. Three articles describe placing five ports (one camera, three robotic, one assistant). There were no significant intraoperative or postoperative complications reported, and no recurrence noted at 3–27 months follow-up. Based on our experience, as shown in the video vignette, we recommend lithotomy positioning, using porous polypropylene mesh anchored to the periosteum of the sacrum and peritoneum overlying the bladder and side wall, and placing a drain above the mesh.

Conclusions
A robotic transabdominal approach to perineal hernia repair is a viable alternate to laparoscopy based on low complication rates and lack of recurrence. Prospective and longer duration data are needed to compare the techniques.
Clinical outcomes and return to sport after single-stage revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by bone-patellar tendon autograft combined with lateral extra-articular tenodesis
Authors: Zanna Luigi , Niccolò Giabbani , Matteo Innocenti , Malone Joseph , Roberto Civinini , Fabrizio Matassi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) failure rate continues to increase. Involvement of a young population with a desire to return to sport, explains the increased need for ACLR (revACLR) revision. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcome, complications, failure rate and return to sport of a single-stage revACLR using bone patellar tendon-bone (BTBT) combined with lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET).

Material And Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 36 patients who underwent revACLR. Knee stability was assessed by Lachman and Pivot shift test. Objective anterior laxity was determined by KT-2000 arthrometer. The IKDC subjective, Lysholm, ACL-RSI Scores, level of sport activity and Forgotten Joint Score-12 were recorded.

Results
Of 36 patients, we collected data from 17 who underwent single-stage revACLR with autologous BTBT combined with LET, performed using an extra-articular MacIntosh procedure as modified by Arnold–Coker. The side-to-side difference in Lachman test and Pivot shift test significantly improved postoperatively. The subjective IKDC, Lysholm and ACL-RSI significantly improved from 71.4 ± 9.03 to 92 ± 6.9, from 58.3 ± 19.3 to 66.8 ± 27.7 and from 50.4 ± 12.2 to 68.6 ± 24.5, respectively during the post-operative follow-up. Ten patients (58.8%) returned to their desired level of sport. One patient was considered a failure because of the postoperative laxity.

Conclusion
Single-stage revACLR with BPTB combined with LET is a safe procedure that shows good objective and subjective outcomes, and a high rate of return to the same level of sport. Reducing rotational instability and strain on intra-articular reconstructed structures results in a low rate of complications and failure.
A systematic overview on methods to protect sensitive data provided for various analyses
Authors: Templ Matthias , Sariyar Murat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn view of the various methodological developments regarding the protection of sensitive data, especially with respect to privacy-preserving computation and federated learning, a conceptual categorization and comparison between various methods stemming from different fields is often desired. More concretely, it is important to provide guidance for the practice, which lacks an overview over suitable approaches for certain scenarios, whether it is differential privacy for interactive queries,k-anonymity methods and synthetic data generation for data publishing, or secure federated analysis for multiparty computation without sharing the data itself. Here, we provide an overview based on central criteria describing a context for privacy-preserving data handling, which allows informed decisions in view of the many alternatives. Besides guiding the practice, this categorization of concepts and methods is destined as a step towards a comprehensive ontology for anonymization. We emphasize throughout the paper that there is no panacea and that context matters.
All roads lead to the farmers market?: using network analysis to measure the orientation and central actors in a community food system through a case comparison of Yolo and Sacramento County, California
Authors: Fuchs-Chesney Jordana , Raj Subhashni , Daruwalla Tishtar , Brinkley Catherine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLittle is known about how farms and markets are connected. Identifying critical gaps and central hubs in food systems is of importance in addressing a variety of concerns, such as navigating rapid shifts in marketing practices as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic and related food shortages. The constellation of growers and markets can also reinforce opportunities to shift growing and eating policies and practices with attention to addressing racial and income inequities in food system ownership and access. With this research, we compare network methods for measuring centrality and sociospatial orientations in food systems using two of America’s most high-producing agricultural counties. Though the counties are adjacent, we demonstrate that their community food systems have little overlap in contributing farms and markets. Our findings show that the community food system for Yolo County is tightly interwoven with Bay Area restaurants and farmers’ markets. The adjacent county, Sacramento, branded itself as America’s Farm-to-Fork capital in 2012 and possesses network hubs focused more on grocery stores and restaurants. In both counties, the most central actors differ and have been involved with the community food system for decades. Such findings have implications beyond the case studies, and we conclude with considerations for how our methods could be standardized in the national agricultural census.
Sexual Identity and Birth Cohort Differences in Social Support and Its Link with Well-Being among Sexual Minority Individuals
Authors: la Roi Chaïm , Frost David M. , Mallory Allen , Lin Andy , Meyer Ilan H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examined sexual identity and birth cohort differences in social support and its association with well-being, using a longitudinal national probability sample of 706 cisgender and non-binary sexual minority individuals from the USA. The data allowed for extensive descriptions of perceived social support and support networks across subgroups. Findings demonstrated that sexual identity and birth cohort differences in overall sizes of support networks and levels of perceived social support were small. Furthermore, fixed effects analyses indicated that changes in the size of respondents’ social support networks were not related to well-being, with a one-person change being associated with a .04 SD change in well-being or less, depending on the indicator of well-being being tested. Moreover, changes in perceived social support were only limitedly related to changes in respondents’ well-being, a 1-point change in the scale of perceived social support being associated with a .11 SD change in life-satisfaction. Associations were smaller for overall well-being or psychological distress, the other two indicators of well-being used. Together, these findings could imply that cross-sectional research has overestimated the relevance of social support for the well-being of sexual minority individuals, but also that general social support is insufficiently tailored to the support needs of the sexual minority population.