bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long Duration and Increase in Pediatric Complicated Appendicitis During the Period of Lockdown in April 2022 in Shanghai
Authors: Li Hui , Xu Weijue , Huang Xiong , Li Qingxing , Wu Yibo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has tremendously transformed medical care worldwide, and elective surgery has been affected. The aim of the current study was to determine whether complicated appendicitis rates in children were influenced by the lockdown in April 2022 in Puxi region of Shanghai due to COVID-19.Background: The progression of acute appendicitis from simple to complicated is affected by the presentation timeliness. In the context of city-mandated control, the influences of lockdown in Puxi April on children suffering from acute appendicitis will be investigated in this study. Methods: The medical records of all children presenting in 2 hospitals with acute appendicitis between April 1 and April 30, 2022 (The first lockdown month in Puxi region) were reviewed and analyzed as the lockdown group. Moreover, the medical records of the latest 2 years of acute appendicitis in the same period were reviewed and analyzed as the control group. In addition, the clinical and laboratory parameters, treatment ways, intraoperative and pathological findings, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.Results: A total of 22 children were diagnosed with acute appendicitis in the first month of the lockdown period in 2 hospitals. Compared with a 2-year control cohort of acute appendicitis, we observed a longer mean duration of symptoms (67.2±77.6 vs 31.9±34.7 h, P=0.01) and higher rate (72.73% vs 43.75%, P=0.038) in children with complicated appendicitis and a long operation time (92.5±35.46 vs 71.25±34.44 min, P=0.03), as well as a higher CRP (61.82±49.75 vs 23.43±28.19 mg/dL, P<0.001) and serum bilirubin (19.07±11.07 vs 10.74±4.37 umol/L, P<0.0001). The mean length of stay was longer in the lockdown group than that in the control group (10.77±5.37 vs 7.70±3.74 d, P=0.0072). The admission WBC and neutrophil percentage had no significant differences, the mean number of hospital or clinic visits had no differences, and the interval between diagnosis and operation has no statistical differences (5.28±2.94 vs 3.73±3.11 h, P=0.076). However, the overall conservative treatment cases, postoperative morbidity and mortality did not change.Conclusions: The lockdown affected the symptoms’ duration time of pediatric acute appendicitis. The children in the lockdown period demonstrated higher complicated appendicitis compared with the historical controls, as well as longer mean length of hospital stay.
Morphological characteristics and yield of Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera in integrated crop systems with caatinga trees
Authors: Neto Clemente Fernandes dos Santos , Silva Rodrigo Gregório da , Maranhão Samuel Rocha , Barreto Cleber Medeiros , Lopes Marcos Neves , Cândido Magno José Duarte 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the structural and production characteristics of Opuntia stricta (Cactus pear Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) and Nopalea cochenillifera (Cactus pear Miúda) under different arrangements of caatinga trees. The study was carried out at the Teaching, Research and Extension Unit (UEPE) of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Limoeiro do Norte Campus, state of Ceará. The experimental area consisted of nine systems, arranged in strips of Caatinga trees (woody component), with dimensions of 6.0 x 100.0 m, directed in the north-south direction. Among the tree strips, Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera were implanted in plots, according to the following treatments: cactus pear grown under 46.15% woody cover (ICS46; 1,418 trees per hectare), cactus pear grown under 30.00% woody cover (ICS30; 925 trees per hectare) and cactus pear grown under 17.64% woody cover (ICS18; 524 trees per hectare). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a split-plot arrangement. Mean canopy height (H), number of cladodes per linear meter (NC) and total forage biomass (TFB) were evaluated, considering the east, center and west positions. The lowest H and NC was found for Nopalea cochenillifera in the east position. Nopalea cochenillifera and Opuntia stricta cultivated in system ICS46 had the lowest TFB in the center position. The silvopastoral systems ICS30 and ICS18 can be adopted without negatively affecting the structural and productive characteristics of cactus pears Opuntia stricta and Nopalea cochenillifera.
The substantial role of May soil temperature over Central Asia for summer surface air temperature variation and prediction over Northeastern China
Authors: Yang Zhanmei , Zhang Jingyong , Liu Ye , Li Kai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The slowly varying soil temperature can exert local and nonlocal influences on regional climate system, and may thus provide a critical source of subseasonal-to-seasonal climate prediction. In this study, we identify that soil temperature in May over the key region of Central Asia (42 °N–50 °N, 62 °E–80 °E, KRCA) from Noah, Mosaic, CLM and ERA-interim datasets is closely linked to variations of the surface air temperature, daily maximum temperature and hot days over Northeastern China in summer (June-July-August), with correlation coefficients of regional average detrended time series ranging from 0.42 to 0.54, and all significant at the 99% confidence level for the period of 1979–2018. The possible physical mechanism behind the substantial downstream impacts of soil temperature over Central Asia are explored via diagnostical analysis combined with regional climate model experiments. Warmer soil temperature in May over the KRCA can keep to the summer and cause positive anomalies of geopotential height in summer over Northeastern China through the Rossby wave propagation, and associated stronger subsidence warming, less cloud cover, more solar radiation reaching the surface, higher planetary boundary layer, and stronger thermal advection at 850 hPa, which provide favorable conditions for warmer surface air temperature particularly in the daytime as well as more hot days. This study further reveals that soil temperature over Central Asia in May makes important contribution to prediction of summer surface air temperature, daily maximum temperature and hot days over Northeastern China in terms of regional average time series and spatial patterns. Our findings highlight the previously-unknown substantial role of antecedent soil temperature condition over Central Asia for summer surface air temperature variation and prediction over Northeastern China.
Analysis of a probabilistic approach for modelling and assessment of the water quality of rivers
Authors: Brum Marianne , Fan Fernando M. , Salla Marcio R. , von Sperling Marcos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Monitoring the ecological status of water bodies is crucial to guarantee human health and economic development. However, monitoring is often deficient in developing regions due to high installation and maintenance costs, thus it is frequently supported by water quality models, whose results are themselves affected by the lack of detailed input data. A possible solution is to use probabilistic models that consider the inherent uncertainty of the different inputs. In this research, we extended a simple water quality model (QUAL-UFMG, based on Qual2E) through Monte Carlo simulations to generate probabilistic results and applied it to a representative case study in Brazil. Results showed that, depending on the distribution of probabilities and variability of parameters adopted, the outcome of a non-deterministic modelling approach may differ significantly from a deterministic one regarding compliance with water quality standards. Moreover, the probabilistic strategy is more scientifically transparent and robust, as it explicitly communicates the uncertainty in both the measured data and modelling results. We conclude that a probabilistic approach is particularly useful in regions with a low data availability such as developing countries, as uncertainties are high due to insufficient monitoring, and the risk to human health is elevated due to a low prevalence of sanitation.
HIGHLIGHTS A deterministic water quality model is expanded through Monte Carlo simulations. Outcomes of deterministic and probabilistic approaches to water quality modelling are compared for a case study in Brazil. There may be significant differences in modelling results regarding compliance to water quality standards depending on the approach taken; this is key in data scarce regions with deficient monitoring networks.
cada LGBTI+ o seu livro?
Authors: Martins Carlos Wellington Soares 
Published: May 2022

Este ensaio traz como temática principal a questão LGBTI+ e como as pautas desta população são incorporadas, ou não, no fazer laboral da Biblioteconomia. Objetiva realizar uma análise com vistas a perceber se existem aproximações, distanciamentos ou estremecimentos das demandas LGBTI+ com o campo de atuação de profissional da referida área. É apresentado um recorte histórico das lutas sociais por demandas da população LGBTI+ e como se dá esta tensão na Biblioteconomia de ontem e de hoje. Realizou-se extensa pesquisa bibliográfica acerca do tema e com foco nas categorias principais de análise: Identidade de gênero e sexualidade, procedendo com a revisão de literatura. A abordagem analítica assume caráter qualitativo e a pesquisa classifica-se como explicativa no sentido que visa apreender o fenômeno e discutir os principais determinantes que o fazem se apresentar da forma como se encontra atualmente. Conclui-se que para uma área que se pretende de cunho humanístico um grande caminho precisa ser percorrido para a quebra de estereótipos e práticas que fomentam o preconceito, e banir ideologias opressoras e que fomentam o ódio e a discriminação, para tanto é necessário estimular o debate cada vez mais, insistir na discussão, alterar os projetos políticos pedagógicos com inclusão de temáticas voltadas às minorias políticas e sociais, investir na formação do profissional para esclarecimentos e fomento a uma prática voltada a pluralidade e diversidade.
Apoptosis-inducing Metabolite from Marine Mangrove Actinobacteria VITGAP173
Authors: Gomathi Ajitha , Alagumuthu Manikandan , Sai Pavan K.J.G. , Madhyastha Harishkumar , Jayaraj Rama , Muthukailannan Gothandam K. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Marine actinobacteria have proven to be a remarkable source of bioactive metabolites.

Methods:
The present study focused on the isolation of anticancer metabolites from marine actinobacteria.
Streptomyces sp. VITGAP173 was found to have promising anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines
(MCF-7).

Results:
Bioassay-guided fractionation was followed to identify the bioactive metabolites from crude ethyl acetate
extract of VITGAP173, which yielded four fractions. Fraction B exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7
cell lines among the four fractions. Further structural characterization of the fraction was done by FTIR and NMR
spectroscopy. The fraction-2 induced cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines and the half maximal inhibition (IC50) value
was calculated as 4.7 μg/ml. To elucidate the possible mechanism of cell death, MCF-7 cells were treated with
fraction-2 for 24 hours and the morphological changes were examined using acridine orange – ethidium bromide
(AO/EB) staining. The fraction also increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (Flow cytometry, DCFHDA).
The molecular mechanism of fraction-induced cell death was analysed by real-time PCR, which revealed that the
fraction promotes apoptosis through the CHOP-ATF-4 pathway involved in ER stress signalling.

Conclusion:
The present findings suggested the apoptosis-inducing potential of fraction-2 in breast cancer therapy.
Nanocrystals: A Deep Insight into Formulation Aspects, Stabilization
Strategies, and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Pandey Parijat , Purohit Deepika , Sharma Shivkant , Lamba Avneet Kaur , Saini Sapna , Minocha Neha , Vashist Neelam , Kaushik Dhirender 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Drugs with poor solubility exhibit hurdles in their formulation due to poor
dissolution and low bioavailability. Nanocrystallization is a great technique for incorporating poorly
soluble drugs and is associated with many benefits.

Objective:
The objective of the present review is to discuss formulation techniques for the generation
of Nanocrystals (NCs) and illustrate the various advantages of NCs. It also explains commonly used
stabilizers and guidelines for their safe use for enhancing NCs and provides a deep insight into various
biomedical applications of NCs.

Methods:
The review was extracted from the study carried out in the general literature to emphasize
the importance of NCs in various formulations.

Results:
NCs are a widely accepted approach to enhancing drug solubility. There are so many marketed
products of nanocrystal drug formulations that are being used to treat life-threatening disorders.
Two techniques can be used to formulate NCs, i.e., the bottom-up method and the top-down method.
Their main biomedical applications are found in oral, parenteral, pulmonary, ocular, dermal, and mucosal
formulations.

Conclusion:
In the present review, different formulation methods of NCs have been discussed in detail,
followed by explaining the advantages and various targeted drug delivery systems covered by NCs
formulations. The development of NCs-based formulation avoids the limitations of other systems used
for targeted drug delivery.
Novel and Innovative Approach of Nanotechnology with their Applications
in the Management of Infectious Disease, Tuberculosis: An Overview
Authors: Singh Sonia , Ahuja Ashima 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered a significant health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
It is one of the second-deadly infectious diseases right after AIDS. Several factors such as
poor patient compliance, high dose intake, low drug bioavailability and prolonged treatment of disease
are responsible for the prevalence of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant
tuberculosis cases. Therefore, developing such drug-resistant bacterial strains has created a robust and
efficient system that can improve the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-tubercular drugs. This review
manuscript highlights the therapeutic outcomes of a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system in
treating TB. Various novel nanoformulations for anti-mycobacterial drugs have been explored. Such
novel approaches would have shown several advantages such as sustained/controlled drug release, reduced
dose frequency, and resolved poor patient compliance over many free anti-tubercular drugs. This
framework will provide valuable information on various nanoparticle-based technology employed in
treating TB infectious disease. Patent data were searched in google patent and nanoformulations outcomes
for TB management improves health of patients.
Tinospora cordifolia: A New Perspective on Alzheimer’s Disease and Green
Nanotechnology
Authors: Kothari Charmy S. , Bhalodi Krishna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common cause of dementia; the hallmark includes neuronal death and synaptic loss leading to cognitive decline. Up to date, there have been a vast number of preclinical & clinical trials based on natural compounds that play a crucial role in the prevention of AD. Tinospora cordifolia (Tc) is a medicinal plant with numerous bioactive properties used in Indian medicine. The literature study will scrutinized based on the disease-modifying effects of Tinospora cordifolia. It benefits the neurobiological researcher in understanding and researching the naturally occurring compound in combating AD. Furthermore, recent nanotechnology trends, such as green synthesis nanoparticles, have more potential in biomedical fields. Following that, the review draws attention to the Green synthesized nanoparticle of Tc, which has a wide range of applications.
Examining the Relationship Between Pediatric Behavioral Health and Parent Productivity Through a Parent-Reported Survey in the Time of COVID-19: Exploratory Study
Authors: Grodberg David , Bridgewater Jesse , Loo Theoren , Bravata Dena 
Published: May 2022

Background
Pediatric behavioral health needs skyrocketed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents and caregivers lacked access to well-established tools to identify risk and protective factors while also experiencing decreased access to treatment options to meet their families’ behavioral health needs.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of known pediatric behavioral health risk factors and parents’ reports of workplace productivity.

Methods
A clinical research team at Brightline—a virtual, pediatric behavioral health solution—drew on standardized instruments to create a survey designed to understand pediatric behavioral health conditions, child stress, and family resilience and connection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariable linear regression was used to characterize the relationship between these variables and parents’ reports of workplace productivity.

Results
Participants (N=361) completed the survey between October 2020 and November 2021. In the multivariable model, higher pediatric stress and time spent managing children’s behavioral health needs were associated with greater productivity loss among working parents, whereas higher family connection was associated with lower productivity loss. COVID-19 diagnoses among parents and dependents, financial impact of COVID-19 on households, and family resilience were not associated with parents’ workplace productivity.

Conclusions
This survey captured child stress, family connection, and productivity as reported by parents and caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploratory studies are the first step in understanding the relationship between these variables. The results from this study can empower parents by providing insights to help manage their child’s behavioral health concerns and identify pediatric behavioral health services to aid working parents who are caregivers.
Investor Disagreement, Disclosure Processing Costs, and Trading Volume Evidence from Social Media
Authors: Booker Adam , Curtis Asher , Richardson Vernon J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We use posts on the investor-focused StockTwits social media network to generate new insights regarding investor disagreement, disclosure processing costs, and trading volume around earnings announcements. Using social media-based measures of disagreement, we find that both preannouncement disagreement and increases in disagreement around an earnings announcement are positively associated with trading volume. Drawing upon the disclosure processing costs literature, we provide evidence that the effects of disagreement increase when disclosure processing costs are lower. Our social media measures of disagreement remain significant after including traditional analyst earnings estimate measures of disagreement in the model. Our study provides new evidence on the importance of disclosure processing costs and is consistent with lower disclosure processing costs amplifying both the resolution of preannouncement disagreement and new disagreement about earnings information.

Data Availability
All data are available from the sources described in the text.
Decision Facilitating Information and Induced Volatility: A Study of Tradeoffs in Accounting Disclosure
Authors: Kanodia Chandra , Venugopalan Raghu 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Corporate managers often express concern about accounting-induced volatility in financial statements. Accounting regulators, however, argue that the volatility in financial statements merely increases transparency by shining a light on risks that are inherent to the firm’s business. We show that in many situations managerial concerns about volatility are justified because the information that is being provided actually magnifies rather than merely reflects the volatility in a firm’s fundamentals. Corporate managers anticipate the magnified volatility and take preemptive actions to decrease the firm’s exposure to the accounting treatment that induces volatility. These actions may not be in the best interests of external stakeholders, making disclosure costly, while at the same time improving the decisions of external stakeholders. We develop and study the resultant tradeoff that accounting regulators should consider in setting accounting standards.
Cutaneous manifestations of covid-19 in pediatric population: A web based comparative study between the perspectives of dermatologists and pediatricians
Authors: Agarwal Akash , Das Anupam , Panda Maitreyee , Goyal Jhalak , Dash Mrutunjay 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
To compare the perspectives of dermatologists and pediatricians regarding cutaneous manifestations of covid-19 in the pediatric age group.

Material and methods:
An online semi-structured English questionnaire was circulated among the doctors (snowball sampling). Items of the questionnaire with a content validity ratio ≥0.49 were retained. Content validity index (CVI) was estimated, and those with a CVI score of >0.79, were accepted. Appropriate statistical tests were carried out for data analysis.

Results:
Among 305 responders, majority were dermatologists (n = 139; 45.57%) followed by pediatricians (n = 106; 34.75%) and other specialties (n = 60; 19.6%). Nearly 46.55% of all responders (n = 142) observed cutaneous manifestations among pediatric covid patients (40/139 dermatologists, 28.77%, and 94/106 pediatricians, 88.67%). Nearly 54.22% of pediatricians and 10% of dermatologists reported the infection to be moderate to severe. About 15% of dermatologists and 5.3% of pediatricians came across cutaneous manifestations as the sole manifestation. The commonest manifestation was urticarial (61.26%) followed by a morbilliform rash (52.81%). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in covid (MISC) was observed almost exclusively by 63.82% of pediatricians. Vascular manifestations were seen by 11.97% responders (n = 17). Chilblains were reported by 4.5% of pediatricians. Nearly 78.04% of pediatricians and 35% of dermatologists observed mucosal manifestations.

Conclusion:
Pediatricians are more commonly observing cutaneous manifestations. MISC is exclusively reported by pediatricians, highlighting the fact that severe disease is usually not seen by dermatologists. Vascular manifestations are uncommon in the skin of color. Dermatologists encounter asymptomatic covid patients with cutaneous manifestation more often, reiterating the fact that children presenting with urticarial and morbilliform rashes should be tested for covid-19, considering the present scenario.
Gallstone ileus in a middle-aged male with an atypical history: a case report
Authors: Vinnik Yu. S. , Teplyakova O. V. , Volkov Yu. M. , Bulaev A. A. , Ponedelnik D. N. 
Published: May 2022

Currently, gallstone ileus is an unusual complication of cholelithiasis (0.3–3.0 %) and a rare cause of mechanical bowel obstruction (0.1–4.0 %). The rarity of the condition makes it impossible to plan the large prospective randomized clinical trials, so the analysis of case reports is significant for decision making in the management of gallstone ileus. We report a case of gallstone ileus in a middle-aged male who had a history of surgery for duodenal ulcer perforation in past. A combination of peptic ulcer disease and cholelithiasis is based on a reduced gastrointestinal hormones secretion. Clinical specialists need to consider information about the greater frequency and asymptomatic clinical course of gallstone disease against a background of duodenal ulcer. Duodenal ulcer scar and bulbar deformity may promote to the cholecystoduodenal fistula formation. In the presence of an acute bowel obstruction symptoms and the absence of gallbladder instrumental examination results, it is possible to recommend the prior gastroduodenoscopy for the pre-operative pneumobilia detection. The optimal surgical approaches for acute gallstone ileus are still controversial.