bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pitavastatin activates mitophagy to protect EPC proliferation through a calcium-dependent CAMK1-PINK1 pathway in atherosclerotic mice
Authors: Yang Jie , Sun Mengjia , Cheng Ran , Tan Hu , Liu Chuan , Chen Renzheng , Zhang Jihang , Yang Yuanqi , Gao Xubin , Huang Lan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStatins play a major role in reducing circulating cholesterol levels and are widely used to prevent coronary artery disease. Although they are recently confirmed to up-regulate mitophagy, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and its effect on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC). Here, we explore the role and mechanism underlying statin (pitavastatin, PTV)-activated mitophagy in EPC proliferation. ApoE−/− mice are fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. In these mice, EPC proliferation decreases and is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment via the PINK1-PARK2 pathway. PTV reverses mitophagy and reduction in proliferation. Pink1 knockout or silencing Atg7 blocks PTV-induced proliferation improvement, suggesting that mitophagy contributes to the EPC proliferation increase. PTV elicits mitochondrial calcium release into the cytoplasm and further phosphorylates CAMK1. Phosphorylated CAMK1 contributes to PINK1 phosphorylation as well as mitophagy and mitochondrial function recover in EPCs. Together, our findings describe a molecular mechanism of mitophagy activation, where mitochondrial calcium release promotes CAMK1 phosphorylation of threonine177 before phosphorylation of PINK1 at serine228, which recruits PARK2 and phosphorylates its serine65 to activate mitophagy. Our results further account for the pleiotropic effects of statins on the cardiovascular system and provide a promising and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
The hadal zone is an important and heterogeneous sink of black carbon in the ocean
Authors: Zhang Xi , Xu Yunping , Xiao Wenjie , Zhao Meixun , Wang Zicheng , Wang Xuchen , Xu Liping , Luo Min , Li Xinxin , Fang Jiasong , Fang Yin , Wang Yasong , Oguri Kazumasa , Wenzhöfer Frank , Rowden Ashley A. , Mitra Siddhartha , Glud Ronnie N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlack carbon is ubiquitous in the marine environment. However, whether it accumulates in the deepest ocean region, the hadal zone, is unknown. Here we measure the concentration and carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) of black carbon and total organic carbon in sediments from six hadal trenches. Black carbon constituted 10% of trench total organic carbon, and its δ13C and Δ14C were more negative than those of total organic carbon, suggesting that the black carbon was predominantly derived from terrestrial C3 plants and fossil fuels. The contribution of fossil carbon to the black carbon pool was spatially heterogeneous, which could be related to differences in the distance to landmass, land cover and socioeconomic development. Globally, we estimate a black carbon burial rate of 1.0 ± 0.5 Tg yr−1 in the hadal zone, which is seven-fold higher than the global ocean average per unit area. We propose that the hadal zone is an important, but overlooked, sink of black carbon in the ocean.
Upper troposphere dust belt formation processes vary seasonally and spatially in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Yang Kang , Wang Zhien , Luo Tao , Liu Xiaohong , Wu Mingxuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDust aerosols impact global energy balance substantially by acting as efficient ice nuclei to alter cold cloud properties. However, the estimate of dust indirect effect remains uncertain due to simulating dust distributions poorly and lacking reliable dust observations, especially in the upper-troposphere. Here, we characterize and understand upper-troposphere dust sources and transport with an improved dust dataset derived from A-train satellite lidar and radar measurements and an air parcel trajectory model. The distinct upper-troposphere dust belt over the northern hemisphere has seasonally varying base and top heights of 3.65 ± 2.84 and 8.35 ± 1.50 km above mean sea level and its column loading is strongest during spring (March-April-May). The out-of-phase annual cycles of mid-level dust concentration and westerly wind over source regions control the seasonal upper-tropospheric dust loading variations. African deserts contribute the most (46.3%) to the upper-troposphere dust belt in spring and the synoptic trough is the leading (49%) dust lifting mechanism.
High efficiency step‐up DC–DC converter for grid‐connected photovoltaic microinverter applications
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Zheng Liupeng , Zhu Zuhong , Hu Bihua , Tang Xiao , Zhang Zhaoyun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a resonant step‐up DC–DC converter for the photovoltaic micro‐inverter system and describes the converter's operation principle in detail. In the proposed converter, the active‐clamp technique is used to reduce the high voltage spike of the main power switch during its turns‐off. Meanwhile, the output rectifier diodes can operate in the zero‐current‐switching (ZCS) operation and the clamping power switch can operate in zero‐voltage‐switching (ZVS) condition with the series LC resonant circuit. Then, the design procedure for the key components of the proposed DC–DC converter is derived. Finally, experimental prototype with 300 W is established to verify the validity of the proposed topology, and the experimental results shows that the proposed topology processes the merits of few components, simple control, galvanic isolation and high conversion efficiency in a wide photovoltaic voltage input and power range.
Développement et validation préliminaire du questionnaire d’orientation régulatrice en sport : le QORS
Authors: Debanne Thierry 
Published: February 2022

La Théorie de l’Orientation Régulatrice (TOR ; Higgins, E.T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280–1300) distingue deux systèmes motivationnels qui régulent les comportements, les émotions et les pensées des personnes : l’orientation régulatrice de prévention et celle de promotion. À ce jour, il n’existe pas d’outil psychométrique de langue française adapté au contexte sportif pour évaluer ces deux construits. Cette étude a pour objet d’élaborer un tel outil à partir de la General Regulatory Focus Measure (Lockwood, P., Jordan, C.H., & Kunda, Z. (2002). Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 854–864). La démarche a respecté les étapes de validation transculturelle des outils psychométriques (Vallerand, R.J. (1989). Vers une méthodologie de validation trans-culturelle de questionnaires psychologiques : implications pour la recherche en langue française. Psychologie Canadienne, 30, 662–680). Cinq études ont permis d’évaluer (a) une version préliminaire, (b) sa validité concomitante, (c) sa validité de construit par l’analyse de sa structure factorielle (Analyse Factorielle Exploratoire suivie d’une Analyse Factorielle Confirmatoire [AFC]), (d) sa stabilité temporelle, et (e) sa validité prédictive par l’étude des corrélations entre les deux orientations régulatrices et différents construits (ouverture, conscienciosité, extraversion, agréabilité, neuroticisme, motivation d’approche, motivation d’évitement, et estime de soi). En accord avec la théorie, l’AFC a montré qu’un modèle a deux dimensions orthogonales était ajusté de manière satisfaisante aux données, et, globalement, les résultats attestaient des différentes validités. L’outil proposé semble être valide et utile pour les chercheurs souhaitant étudier l’orientation régulatrice d’athlètes francophones.
Reduzierter Muskelstatus und Muskelabbau bei geriatrischen Patient*innen
Authors: Graeb Fabian , Manegold Christoph , Rein Julia , Wolke Reinhold 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Mangelernährung, schlechter Muskelstatus und dessen Folgen stellen speziell bei geriatrischen Patient*innen ein bekanntes und anhaltendes Problem dar.
Methodik Im vom BMBF geförderten Forschungsprojekt Prävention und Behandlung von Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Patient*innen im Krankenhaus sollte anhand einer Gelegenheitsstichprobe der Ernährungs- und Muskelstatus bei einem geriatrischen Patient*innenkollektiv explorativ untersucht werden. Hierfür wurden bei Krankenhausaufnahme und kurz vor Entlassung Befragungen sowie Messungen zur Anthropometrie und Körperzusammensetzung (BIA) durchgeführt. Es konnten 102 Patient*innen ≥ 65 Jahre eingeschlossen werden, für 63 liegt eine zweite Messung vor.
Ergebnisse Bei Aufnahme weisen 62,7 % (n = 64) einen kritisch reduzierten Skelettmuskelindex (SMI) auf. Die Patient*innen mit verringertem SMI sind signifikant älter (r = – 0,323; p = 0,001), weisen schlechtere Score-Werte für den MNA-SF auf (r = – 0,312; p = 0,002), haben ein geringeres Gewicht (r = – 0,414; p < 0,001) sowie einen geringeren BMI (r = – 0,495; p < 0,001), Waden- (r = – 0,434; p < 0,001) und Oberarmumfang (r = – 0,397; p < 0,001), weniger Fettmasse (r = – 0,249; p = 0,012), Gesamtkörperwasser (r = – 0,383; p < 0,001) und einen niedrigeren Phasenwinkel (r = – 0,400; p < 0,001). Im Verlauf des Krankenhausaufenthalts kommt es zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der absoluten Muskelmasse (– 1,17 kg; p = 0,015), des Phasenwinkels (– 0,17°; p = 0,011) sowie einem steigenden Anteil extrazellulärer Flüssigkeit (+ 0,46 %; p = 0,010). 44,4 % (n = 28) verlieren ≥ 1 kg Muskelmasse, Frauen sind signifikant häufiger betroffen (55,9 %; n = 19 vs. 31 % n = 9; r = 0,249; p = 0,048).
Diskussion Viele geriatrische Patient*innen weisen bei stationärer Aufnahme einen reduzierten Ernährungs- und noch häufiger Muskelstatus auf. Interventionen müssen auf Verbesserung des Ernährungs- und Muskelstatus abzielen und dies entsprechend auch evaluieren.
Ernährungsbezogene Gruppenangebote in der medizinischen Rehabilitation: Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Befragung
Authors: Meng Karin , Klemmt Malte , Toellner Christian , Reusch Andrea 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die ernährungsbezogenen Gruppenangebote in der medizinischen Rehabilitation werden strukturell, inhaltlich und methodisch beschrieben und der diesbezügliche Weiterentwicklungs- und Fortbildungsbedarf der Ernährungsteams erfasst.
Methodik Bundesweit wurden 546 stationäre Reha-Einrichtungen mit (psycho-)somatischen Indikationen schriftlich befragt. Der Rücklauf umfasst 192 Einrichtungen mit 202 Ernährungsteams.
Ergebnisse In 89 % der Einrichtungen versorgt ein ernährungstherapeutisches Team alle Rehabilitanden aus durchschnittlich 3,4 Indikationsgruppen (SD = 2,4). Pro Team bestehen Gruppenangebote aus M = 4,9 Leistungseinheiten (SD = 1,6). Die Gruppenangebote (n = 998; Ernährungsberatungsgruppe, Seminar, Vortrag, Schulungseinheit) sind zu 56 % indikationsübergreifend. 73 % umfassen eine Einheit, die Dauer beträgt meist bis zu 60 min (93 %). 76 % der Angebote haben eine Teilnehmerzahl von ≤ 15. Ein Manual liegt für 93 % der Angebote zumindest teilweise vor. Durchschnittlich werden 5,8 Inhaltsbereiche (SD = 1,5), 1,9 Methoden (SD = 0,8) und 1,9 Materialien (SD = 0,9) genannt. Es bestehen teilweise angebotsspezifische Unterschiede. Für die Gruppengröße und die Anzahl der Einheiten liegen kleine bis mittlere signifikante Zusammenhänge mit den didaktischen Methoden und Materialien vor. In Gruppen mit > 15 Rehabilitanden bzw. mit einer Einheit werden häufiger Vorträge, in kleineren Gruppen bzw. Gruppen mit mehreren Einheiten häufiger interaktive Methoden und Materialien eingesetzt. Für eine Weiterentwicklung werden flexibel kombinierbare Seminarbausteine hilfreicher bewertet als vollständig ausgearbeitete Konzepte. Inhaltlich werden Konzepte zur Motivierung und Unterstützung des Alltagstransfers sowie mit Bezug zu verschiedenen Lebenslagen als sehr hilfreich eingestuft. Das Fortbildungsinteresse ist hoch (M = 8,5; SD = 2,2; max. = 10), dabei wird ein Präsenzseminar präferiert. Hinsichtlich der Fortbildungsinhalte besteht das stärkste Interesse an Strategien zur Motivierung, zur Förderung des Alltagstransfers sowie zum Umgang mit schwierigen Gruppensituationen.
Schlussfolgerung In der Praxis besteht eine Vielzahl an ernährungsbezogenen Gruppenangeboten, deren Anzahl und Zusammenstellung zwischen den Teams variiert. Zur Optimierung der Versorgung erscheinen daher flexible, für verschiedene Angebote einsetzbare Bausteine sowie Fortbildungen sinnvoll, die v. a. auch die Themen Motivierung und Alltagstransfer aufgreifen.
Technische Alltagshilfen in der Rheumatologie – Was ist
sinnvoll, was ist bewiesen, welche Perspektiven gibt es?
Authors: Meyer Sara Eileen , Hoeper Juliana Rachel , Buchholz Jens , Meyer-Olson Dirk 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungEinschränkungen der Alltagsaktivität sind ein relevantes
gesundheitliches Problem bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen
Systemerkrankungen. Technische Alltagshilfen nehmen in der Rehabilitation von
diesen Teilhabeeinschränkungen einen hohen Stellenwert ein. Wir
erläutern Evidenz für den Einsatz von Alltagshilfen und die
neuen Entwicklungen auf diesem Gebiet.
Variation of Secondary Metabolite Contents and Activities against Bovine Diarrheal Pathogens among Zygophyllaceae Species in Benin and Implications for Conservation
Authors: Ouachinou Jéronime Marie-Ange Sènami , Dassou Gbèwonmèdéa Hospice , Agbankpé Alidehou Jerrold , Koudoro Yaya Alain , Agbangnan Pascal , Hidalgo Triana Noelia , Favi Gnimansou Abraham , Djidohokpin Donald , Adomou Aristide Cossi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBalanites aegyptiaca is a wild plant species largely used in folk medicine and a priority fruit tree in West Africa. In Benin, its overexploitation for ethnoveterinary uses could lead to its rarity or extinction in the long term. In this study, we evaluate the possibilities of its substitution by other Zygophyllaceae species. This study was based on optimal defense theory, which distinguished 2 categories of plants: K-strategist species and r-strategist species. Phytochemical screening was carried out based on aqueous extracts of the leafy stems of B. aegyptiaca and Guaiacum officinale (K-strategist species) and Tribulus terrestris and Kallstroemia pubescens (r-strategist species) for the identification of chemical compounds. The phenolic compounds were quantified by quercetin and vanillin methods. The extracts were tested against 5 bacterial strains responsible for severe diarrhea in bovines. Our results indicated the presence of many phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponosides, and tannins. The diversity in secondary metabolites is higher for r-strategist than K-strategist species. The contents of total polyphenols ranged from 4.82 ± 0.05 to 41.84 mg GAE/g of extract. The flavonoid contents varied from 30.64 ± 0.35 to 57.11 ± 0.13 mg QE/g of extract and those of the tannins from 0.04 ± 0.00 to 0.06 ± 0.01 mg PE/mL. The sensitivity of the bacterial strains showed a significant dependence on the extracts. Of the species, K. pubescens showed a bactericidal activity on the majority of strains tested and thus could be a potential substitute for B. aegyptiaca in the treatment of infectious diarrhea.
Cinchona Alkaloid Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Biaryl Aldehydes via Asymmetric Decarboxylative Transamination
Authors: Wang Jian , Guo Donghui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn unprecedented Cinchona alkaloid catalyzed atropoenantioselective transamination of biaryl aldehydes with 2,2-diphenylglycine via a cascade decarboxylation and dynamic kinetic resolution strategy is described. This protocol features broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance and allows the rapid assembly of axially chiral biaryls in high yields with acceptable to good enantioselectivities. In addition, such structural motifs may have potential applications in enantioselective catalysis as chiral ligands or catalysts.
Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Oxalates Derived from α-Hydroxy Carbonyls with Vinyl Bromides
Authors: Wu Fan , Ye Cheng , Tong Weiqi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling is disclosed in which a range of vinyl bromides were utilized as electrophiles with oxalates derived from α-hydroxy carbonyls as precursors to carbonyl radical coupling partners. This method is compatible with a broad range of functional groups, providing a complementary solution for the construction of β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
Significant Broadening of the Substrate Scope for the Hydrated Imidazoline Ring Expansion (HIRE) via the Use of Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Grintsevich Sergey , Sapegin Alexander 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSubstrates that are insufficiently activated towards the hydrated imidazoline ring expansion (HIRE) process have been previously found to deliver exclusively the products of aminoalkyl side-chain ring expansion. Attempted reversal of the process by thermal activation towards HIRE failed. We have found that for such problematic substrates the HIRE-type ring expansion can be effectively achieved by applying lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LHMDS) in toluene. LHMDS is thought to promote intramolecular transamidation, which leads to ring-expanded 10- and 11-membered heterocyclic products in modest to good yields. The process significantly broadens the substrate scope amenable to the HIRE strategy.
The First Presentation of Localized Scleroderma at Birth: Scleroderma as a Differential Diagnosis of Congenital Skin Lesion
Authors: Memar Elmira Hajiesmaeil , Safavi Moeinadin , Moradinejad Mohammad-Hassan , Ziaee Vahid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Localized scleroderma is an uncommon autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and underlying tissue without involvement of blood vessels or internal organs. It usually affects children during later childhood, and early presentation of localized scleroderma during infancy is rare. In the current study, we report a child with localized scleroderma-related presentations occurring at birth. A 2-day-old male neonate presented with a firm, erythematous, and slightly pigmented plaque on his left thigh, leading to a change in the diameter of the affected foot and contracture of the left knee. At the age of 7 months, he was referred to our rheumatology clinic with normal growth and development. Laboratory studies, including urine and blood high-performance liquid chromatography assay, antinuclear antibodies, antitopoisomerase I, and rheumatic factor, were in the normal range. No signs of ocular involvement were noted during ophthalmological consultation. Skin biopsy showed mild acanthosis and collagen bundles, which replaced the fat around the sweat glands. A final diagnosis of localized scleroderma was made. Treatment was started with oral prednisolone, oral methotrexate (MTX), and colchicine. The skin lesion stopped progressing after 3 months of treatment. Steroid was then tapered over 6 months, while MTX and colchicine were continued for 2 years. Localized scleroderma during early infancy is a rare disease, but it should be considered as a differential in infants with erythematous and firm lesions on their body at birth because early treatment can prevent future complications.
Assessment of Health-Seeking Behavior among Undergraduate Students at a University
Authors: Aranha Priya Reshma , Lobo Melba Roshini , Patil Seema 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Students studying at a university of health sciences may have different perceptions regarding illness and treatment. Moreover, as they have access to healthcare, it may influence their health-seeking behavior. It is important to identify the health-seeking behavior of the students and to guide them accordingly.
Methods The present study was designed to assess the health-seeking behavior of undergraduate students. It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A total of 236 students pursuing undergraduate courses in medicine, dentistry, nursing, and physiotherapy participated in the study. Checklist and perception scales were used to collect data that were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results Use of the Internet to get information about illness, treatment, and medications (60.3%; 139), self-investigations (50.6%; 122) as well as self-medication practices (54.4%; 130) was commonly seen in students. Among the self-medications, antibiotics (63.7%; 152), antipyretics (45.6%; 109), analgesics (43.9%; 104), and cough syrup (48.9%; 116) were common. Regarding perception on health-seeking behavior, the majority (49.3%; 118) opined neutral for the statement that self-diagnosis is not wrong, (49.4%; 120) reported that over-the-counter medications can be taken, (66.5%; 157) agreed that keeping healthy by eating healthy can keep you away from the hospital. The barriers for health-seeking behavior, stigma, fear of confidentiality issues, fear of unwanted intervention, and unaware where to seek help were more commonly reported for mental healthcare-seeking behavior (odds ratio [OR]: 29.33, 23.18, 34.16, and 11.96, respectively), whereas issues relating to high cost, the long waiting hour in healthcare facility, and fear of side effects were reported for physical healthcare-seeking (OR: 9.80, 7.15, and 18.66, respectively) behavior.
Conclusion Self-investigation, self-medications, and use of the Internet to seek healthcare information are evident among students of university. Students exhibited different health-seeking behavior for physical and mental illnesses. Barriers to health-seeking also differed. Institutions should use this information for the effective usage of healthcare services by students.
Cartilage Chips in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Apaydin Fazil , Fernández-Pellón Garcia Rodrigo Fortunato , Sahin Fetih Furkan , Rahavi-Ezabadi Sara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective This study reveals that the cartilage chips can be a good solution for camouflage and augmentation in rhinoplasty.
Methods In this study, 64 patients who had undergone rhinoplasty from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively studied. The average age was 31. Forty-nine patients had primary and 15 revision rhinoplasties. Cartilage chips were cut into less than 0.5-mm thickness dimensions changing from 2 to 10 mm. They were used to fill deep radix, depressions at the key area, supratip area, around the grafts to prevent their visibility at the tip. In addition, they were used in the fascia for augmentation. The cartilage chips were sculpted from the septal cartilage in 47, rib in 16, and ear cartilage in one case.
Results They were applied on the radix in 25, middle vault in 37, supratip area in 32, and on the tip in 12 cases. In 30 cases, cartilage chips were mixed with cartilage dust for better fixation and camouflage. They were placed in the fascia in three cases for dorsal augmentation. Complications were seen in three cases in the form of irregularities.
Conclusion Cartilage chips are found to be a powerful solution in terms of camouflage and augmentation.
SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Detection in Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Specimens in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Kiro Vandana Vijayeta , Singh Parul , Srivastav Sharad , Aggarwal Richa , Soni Kapil Dev , Singh Yudhyavir , Singh Abhishek , Trikha Anjan , Mathur Purva 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRapid antigen testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) available at present provides immediate results at low cost with less expertise and without any need of sophisticated infrastructure. Most of these test kits available are for nasopharyngeal samples. This is a novel study to detect the presence of COVID antigen in samples other than throat and oropharyngeal. Various samples received from patients admitted in the COVID-19 dedicated center were tested for the presence of antigen. Same procedure was followed as done for the nasopharyngeal sample. A total of 150 samples were tested, which included ascitic fluid, pleural fluid, drain fluid, bile, bronchoalveolar lavage, cerebrospinal fluid, endotracheal tube aspirate, sputum, tissue, and urine. Out of 150, 11 (7.33%) were positive and 138 (92.66%) were negative for the antigen test. The COVID-19 antigen test kit, though designed for nasopharyngeal samples, was able to detect the presence of antigen in other clinical samples.