bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suizidalität aus toxikologischer Sicht
Authors: Geith Stefanie , Eyer Florian 
Published: April 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas Wissen um Charakteristika suizidal intendierter Selbstvergiftungen sowie Faktoren, die mit einem wiederholten Suizidversuch assoziiert sind, ist für die Identifikation von potenziellen Risikopatienten und -konstellationen wertvoll. Daher wurden in einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie in einem Zeitraum von 12 Monaten Daten von 1238 Patienten mit suizidalen Intoxikationen, zu denen unser Giftnotruf kontaktiert wurde, gesammelt und ausgewertet. Die erhobenen Informationen umfassen neben demografischen Daten auch Angaben zu Symptomen, eingenommenen Substanzen bzw. deren Quelle, somatisch-psychiatrischen Komorbiditäten, früheren Suizidversuchen, Vorliegen einer Substanzkonsumstörung sowie einer Koingestion von Alkohol oder illegalen Drogen.53 % der Patienten waren zwischen 18 und 44 Jahre alt, 66 % waren weiblich. 79 % der Patienten litten an einer psychiatrischen Erkrankung, 45 % hatten mindestens einen Suizidversuch hinter sich. Patienten mit einer psychiatrischen Störung nahmen am häufigsten Antidepressiva und Neuroleptika ein, während Patienten ohne psychiatrische Vorerkrankung vorwiegend periphere Analgetika, insbesondere Ibuprofen, verwendeten. Im Vergleich zu Patienten mit einem Erstereignis wiesen diejenigen mit einem wiederholten Suizidversuch häufiger eine psychiatrische Erkrankung oder eine Substanzkonsumstörung auf und ingestierten bevorzugt Antidepressiva und Neuroleptika, jedoch seltener periphere Analgetika. Neben der Identifikation von Charakteristika vorsätzlicher Selbstvergiftungen konnten mit dem Vorliegen einer psychiatrischen Erkrankung, eines gestörten Substanzgebrauchs sowie der Ingestion von Antidepressiva oder Neuroleptika Risikofaktoren für einen wiederholten Suizidversuch detektiert werden, auf deren Basis individuelle Präventivmaßnahmen für Risikogruppen entwickelt werden können.
Manipulating image luminance to improve eye gaze and verbal behavior in autistic children
Authors: Boyd LouAnne , Berardi Vincent , Hughes Deanna , Cibrian Franceli , Johnson Jazette , Sean Viseth , DelPizzo-Cheng Eliza , Mackin Brandon , Tusneem Ayra , Mody Riya , Jones Sara , Lotich Karen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAutism has been characterized by a tendency to attend to the local visual details over surveying an image to understand the gist–a phenomenon called local interference. This sensory processing trait has been found to negatively impact social communication. Although much work has been conducted to understand these traits, little to no work has been conducted to intervene to provide support for local interference. Additionally, recent understanding of autism now introduces the core role of sensory processing and its impact on social communication. However, no interventions to the end of our knowledge have been explored to leverage this relationship. This work builds on the connection between visual attention and semantic representation in autistic children. In this work, we ask the following research questions: RQ1: Does manipulating image characteristics of luminance and spatial frequency increase likelihood of fixations in hot spots (Areas of Interest) for autistic children? RQ2: Does manipulating low-level image characteristics of luminance and spatial frequency increase the likelihood of global verbal responses for autistic children? We sought to manipulate visual attention as measured by eye gaze fixations and semantic representation of verbal response to the question “What is this picture about?”. We explore digital strategies to offload low-level, sensory processing of global features via digital filtering. In this work, we designed a global filter to reduce image characteristics found to be distracting for autistic people and compared baseline images to featured images in 11 autistic children. Participants saw counterbalanced images way over 2 sessions. Eye gaze in areas of interest and verbal responses were collected and analyzed. We found that luminance in non-salient areas impacted both eye gaze and verbal responding–however in opposite ways (however versus high levels of luminance). Additionally, the interaction of luminance and spatial frequency in areas of interest is also significant. This is the first empirical study in designing an assistive technology aimed to augment global processing that occurs at a sensory-processing and social-communication level. Contributions of this work include empirical findings regarding the quantification of local interference in images of natural scenes for autistic children in real-world settings; digital methods to offload global visual processing to make this information more accessible via insight on the role of luminance and spatial frequency in visual perception of and semantic representation in images of natural scenes.
Magnetization statics and dynamics in (Ir/Co/Pt)6 multilayers with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Dhiman A. K. , Gieniusz R. , Gruszecki P. , Kisielewski J. , Matczak M. , Kurant Z. , Sveklo I. , Guzowska U. , Tekielak M. , Stobiecki F. , Maziewski A. 
Published: April 2022

Magnetic multilayers of (Ir/Co/Pt)6 with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (IDMI) were deposited by magnetron sputtering with Co thickness d=1.8 nm. Exploiting magneto-optical Kerr effect in longitudinal mode microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry, the magnetic field-driven evolution of domain structures and magnetization hysteresis loops have been studied. The existence of weak stripe domains structure was deduced – tens micrometers size domains with in-plane “core” magnetization modulated by hundred of nanometers domains with out-of-plane magnetization. Micromagnetic simulations interpreted such magnetization distribution. Quantitative evaluation of IDMI was carried out using Brillouin light scattering (BLS) spectroscopy as the difference between Stokes and anti-Stokes peak frequencies Δf. Due to the additive nature of IDMI, the asymmetric combination of Ir and Pt covers led to large values of effective IDMI energy density Deff. It was found that Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies as well as Δf, measured as a function of in-plane applied magnetic field, show hysteresis. These results are explained under the consideration of the influence of IDMI on the dynamics of the in-plane magnetized “core” with weak stripe domains.
Quantitative evaluation of silicon applications on wheat response to salinity: changes in photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, yield and yield components
Authors: Feghhenabi Faride , Hadi Hashem , Khodaverdiloo Habib , van Genuchten Martinus Th. , Lake Lachlan 
Published: April 2022

Context Salinity is a major cause of yield loss in wheat globally. Aims and Methods To investigate the potential of silicon to minimise the effect of salinity in wheat, experiments were conducted using outdoor pots subjected to seven salinity treatments. Silicon (as potassium silicate K2SiO3) was applied as both a priming agent and foliar spray. Selected response functions were used to quantify wheat response to salinity as affected by silicon application. Key results Concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid decreased by 4.2, 3.6 and 1.4 mg/g FW respectively with increasing salinity up to an electrical conductivity of 14 dS/m. Increasing salinity levels increased maximum variable chlorophyll fluorescence yield in a dark-adapted state and decreased the photochemical quenching coefficient, the nonphotochemical quenching coefficient, non-photochemical quenching, actual quantum yield of PSII electron transport in the light-adapted state, and the apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate. The maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry in the dark-adapted state was not significantly influenced by salinity. The response functions showed that the salinity threshold value and the salinity at which a given trait was reduced by 50% (EC50) were 5.7 and 12.1 dS/m, respectively. Conclusions The combined treatment of silicon (priming × foliar spray) was found to be the most effective, increasing salinity threshold value and EC50 by 32 and 2% respectively. Implications These findings give insight into the effects of salinity on wheat and demonstrate the potential of silicon applications to promote crop health in saline environments.
Expression of Hv1 proton channels in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and its potential role in T cell regulation
Authors: Alvear-Arias Juan J. , Carrillo Christian , Villar Javiera Paz , Garcia-Betancourt Richard , Peña-Pichicoi Antonio , Fernandez Audry , Fernandez Miguel , Carmona Emerson M. , Pupo Amaury , Neely Alan , Alvarez Osvaldo , Garate Jose , Barajas-Martinez Héctor , Larsson H. Peter , Lopez-Rodriguez Angélica , Latorre Ramon , Gonzalez Carlos 
Published: April 2022

SignificanceImmunosuppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), especially near tumor surfaces, involves the extracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS generation in MDSC occurs during the oxidation of NADPH to NADP+, which NOX2 catalyzes. ROS react with the T cell receptor complex, abolishing the antigen presentation, which blocks the immune system elimination of the tumor cells. Extrusion of protons from MDSC by voltage-gated proton channel (Hv1) sustains ROS production. Here, we demonstrate the expression of Hv1 in mouse MDSC. In this way, Hv1 present in MDSC becomes a potential cancer therapeutic target since its inhibition seems to diminish immunosuppression activity in the tumoral microenvironment, allowing cancer cells to be attacked by the immune system.
Supercurrent diode effect and finite-momentum superconductors
Authors: Yuan Noah F. Q. , Fu Liang 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Our work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal.
A note on the modeling of the effects of experimental time in psycholinguistic experiments
Authors: Baayen R. Harald , Fasiolo Matteo , Wood Simon , Chuang Yu-Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Thul et al. (2020) called attention to problems that arise when chronometric
experiments implementing specific factorial designs are analysed with the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM), using factor smooths to
capture trial-to-trial dependencies. From a series of simulations incorporating such dependencies, they conclude that GAMMs are
inappropriate for between-subject designs. They argue that in addition GAMMs come with too many modeling possibilities, and advise using the
linear mixed model (LMM) instead. As clarified by the title of their paper, their conclusion is: “Using GAMMs to model trial-by-trial
fluctuations in experimental data: More risks but hardly any benefit”.
We address the questions raised by Thul et al. (2020), who clearly demonstrated
that problems can indeed arise when using factor smooths in combination with factorial designs. We show that the problem does not arise when
using by-smooths. Furthermore, we have traced a bug in the implementation of factor smooths in the mgcv package, which will
have been removed from version 1.8–36 onwards.
To illustrate that GAMMs now produce correct estimates, we report simulation studies implementing different by-subject
longitudinal effects. The maximal LMM emerges as slightly conservative compared to GAMMs, and GAMMs provide estimated coefficients that can
be less variable across simulation runs. We also discuss two datasets where time-varying effects interact with numerical predictors in a
theoretically informative way.
Large enhancement of thermoelectric effects in multiple quantum dots in a serial configuration due to Coulomb interactions
Authors: Zimbovskaya Natalya A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the present work we theoretically study Seebeck effect in a set of several quantum dots in a serial configuration coupled to nonmagnetic conducting electrodes. We focus on the combined effect of intra-dot Coulomb interactions between electrons and the number of dots on the thermopower (S) and the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of the considered transport junction within the Coulomb blockade regime. We show that a strong enhancement of the both S and ZT may occur when the chemical potential of electrodes is situated within the Coulomb gap in the electron transmission spectrum thus indicating a possibility of significant increase of the efficiency of heat-to-electric energy conversion. The enhancement becomes more pronounced when the number of dots increases.
Spontaneously expanding and shrinking soap bubbles
Authors: Lindén Johan , Fogde Anna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An ordinary soap bubble immersed in a pure carbon-dioxide atmosphere, created e.g. by sublimating chunks of dry ice (solid CO2), will expand within a few minutes to a volume exceeding the original one with a factor of almost ten. Considering that the bubble simultaneously experiences a cooling of

∼

30

∘

C one would perhaps expect a tiny shrinkage instead. The physics behind the phenomenon, i.e. diffusion of highly soluble CO2 through the soap film caused by the difference in the partial pressure of CO2 between the interior and the exterior of the bubble, combined with the expansion of the active area of the bubble, is discussed. Actual data obtained from a video of an expanding bubble is combined with the simulation of the process, resulting in a fairly good agreement. The reverse experiment of a bubble filled with CO2 under ambient conditions leads to a fast shrinkage of the bubble. Finally, a bubble filled with helium placed in a CO2 atmosphere expands initially, reaches a maximum volume and then begins to shrink. Also this case was modeled semi-empirically. The experiments presented are suitable for upper-secondary-school pupils. Understanding the theoretical description requires first year university studies of physics or chemistry.
To measure the wavelength of the light of a LED using LDR: a simple and an inexpensive method
Authors: Lahane Rohan D , Bhatt Harsh R , Paranjpye Arvind 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Students are introduced to the term wavelength in optics at school level. In this paper, we present an inexpensive and simple method to measure the wavelength of the light of a light emitting diode using a light depending resistor. This experimental set-up is developed at Science Laboratory, Nehru Planetarium (Mumbai), India. It is useful as an experimental tool to teach the concepts of light in a simpler way.
Streamer–surface interaction in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge in argon
Authors: Jovanović Aleksandar P , Loffhagen Detlef , Becker Markus M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in argon is investigated using a time-dependent and spatially two-dimensional fluid-Poisson model in axisymmetric geometry. The focus is on the streamer–surface interaction and the cathode-layer formation during the first discharge event in the single-filament DBD driven by sinusoidal voltage. A characteristic structure consisting of a volume streamer propagating just above the dielectric and simultaneous development of an additional surface discharge near the cathode is observed. The analysis of the electric field, electron production and loss rates, and surface charge density distribution shows that the radial deflection of the volume streamer is driven by free electrons remaining in the volume from the Townsend pre-phase and guided by the radial component of the electric field. The surface discharge occurring between the deflected volume streamer, which acts as virtual anode, and the dielectric surface is governed by ion-induced secondary electron emission and the surface charges accumulated on the dielectric.
Finite-density-induced motility and turbulence of chimera solitons
Authors: Smirnov L A , Bolotov M I , Bolotov D I , Osipov G V , Pikovsky A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We consider a one-dimensional oscillatory medium with a coupling through a diffusive linear field. In the limit of fast diffusion this setup reduces to the classical Kuramoto–Battogtokh model. We demonstrate that for a finite diffusion stable chimera solitons, namely localized synchronous domain in an infinite asynchronous environment, are possible. The solitons are stable also for finite density of oscillators, but in this case they sway with a nearly constant speed. This finite-density-induced motility disappears in the continuum limit, as the velocity of the solitons is inverse proportional to the density. A long-wave instability of the homogeneous asynchronous state causes soliton turbulence, which appears as a sequence of soliton mergings and creations. As the instability of the asynchronous state becomes stronger, this turbulence develops into a spatio-temporal intermittency.
An efficient technique to analyze the fractional model of vector-borne diseases
Authors: Veeresha P , Malagi Naveen S , Prakasha D G , Baskonus Haci Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the present work, we find and analyze the approximated analytical solution for the vector-borne diseases model of fractional order with the help of

q

-homotopy analysis transform method (

q

-HATM). Many novel definitions of fractional derivatives have been suggested and utilized in recent years to build mathematical models for a wide range of complex problems with nonlocal effects, memory, or history. The primary goal of this work is to create and assess a Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivative model for Vector-borne diseases. In this investigation, we looked at a system of six equations that explain how vector-borne diseases evolve in a population and how they affect community public health. With the influence of the fixed-point theorem, we establish the existence and uniqueness of the models system of solutions. Conditions for the presence of the equilibrium point and its local asymptotic stability are derived. We discover novel approximate solutions that swiftly converge. Furthermore, the future technique includes auxiliary parameters that are both trustworthy and practical for managing the convergence of the solution found. The current study reveals that the investigated model is notably dependent on the time chronology and also the time instant, which can be effectively studied with the help of the arbitrary order calculus idea.
Is local H0at odds with dark energy EFT?
Authors: Lee Bum-Hoon , Lee Wonwoo , Ó Colgáin Eoin , Sheikh-Jabbari M.M. , Thakur Somyadip 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLocal H_0 determinations currently fall in a window betweenH0∼ 70 km/s/Mpc (TRGB) andH0∼ 76 km/s/Mpc (Tully-Fisher). In contrast, BAO data calibrated in an early ΛCDM universe are largely consistent with Planck-ΛCDM,H0∼ 67.5 km/s/Mpc. Employing a generic two parameter family of evolving equations of state (EoS) for dark energy (DE)wDE(z) and mock BAO data, we demonstrate that if i)wDE(z= 0) < -1 and ii) integrated DE density less than ΛCDM, thenH0increases. EoS that violate these conditions at best lead to modestH0increases within 1σ. Tellingly, Quintessence and K-essence satisfy neither condition, whereas coupled Quintessence can only satisfy ii). Beyond these seminal DE Effective Field Theories (EFTs), we turn to explicit examples. Working model agnostically in an expansion in powers of redshiftz, we show that Brans-Dicke/f(R) and Kinetic Gravity Braiding models within the Horndeski class can lead to marginal and modest increases inH0, respectively. We confirm that as far as increasingH0is concerned, no DE EFT model can outperform the phenomenological two parameter family of the DE models. Evidently, the late universe may no longer be large enough to accommodateH0, BAO and DE described by EFT.
Application of NASA core Flight System to Telescope Control Software for 2017 Total Solar Eclipse Observation
Authors: Park Jongyeob , Lee Jae-Ok , Kim Jihun , Bong Su-Chan , Cho Kyung-Suk , Choi Seonghwan , Jang Bi-Ho , Park Young-Deuk , Moon Yong-Jae , Baek Ji-Hye , Yang Heesu , Kim Sujin , Kim Yeon-Han , Timmons Elizabeth , Swinski Joseph-paul A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The core Flight System (cFS), developed by NASA, is a reusable software framework and a set of pluggable software applications that take advantage of the rich heritage of NASA’s successful space missions. We applied the cFS to the development of telescope control software for the observation of the 2017 total solar eclipse. Four main modules were developed: imaging control, mechanism control, data handling, and automated observation. Other modules, such as communication and scheduler, were reused from the cFS. Using an integrated observation system, we successfully observed the total solar eclipse, in which the linearly polarized brightness of the solar corona and sky background were measured at four different wavelengths. In this study, we demonstrated the usefulness of the cFS to develop telescope control software through an eclipse observation system, the so-called DICE (DIagnostic Coronagraph Experiment) mission. Our experience and knowledge of the cFS were expanded to a flight software BITSE (Balloon-borne Investigation of Temperature and Speed of Electrons in the corona), the high-altitude scientific balloon mission in 2019. We plan to apply this approach to future solar coronagraph observations, such as CODEX (COronal Diagnostic EXperiment), on the International Space Station. We expect that the cFS can also be applied in telescope control software for ground-and space-based observations.
TAP: targeting and analysis pipeline for optimization and verification of coil placement in transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Dannhauer Moritz , Huang Ziping , Beynel Lysianne , Wood Eleanor , Bukhari-Parlakturk Noreen , Peterchev Angel V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can modulate brain function via an electric field (E-field) induced in a brain region of interest (ROI). The ROI E-field can be computationally maximized and set to match a specific reference using individualized head models to find the optimal coil placement and stimulus intensity. However, the available software lacks many practical features for prospective planning of TMS interventions and retrospective evaluation of the experimental targeting accuracy. Approach. The TMS targeting and analysis pipeline (TAP) software uses an MRI/fMRI-derived brain target to optimize coil placement considering experimental parameters such as the subject’s hair thickness and coil placement restrictions. The coil placement optimization is implemented in SimNIBS 3.2, for which an additional graphical user interface (TargetingNavigator) is provided to visualize/adjust procedural parameters. The coil optimization process also computes the E-field at the target, allowing the selection of the TMS device intensity setting to achieve specific E-field strengths. The optimized coil placement information is prepared for neuronavigation software, which supports targeting during the TMS procedure. The neuronavigation system can record the coil placement during the experiment, and these data can be processed in TAP to quantify the accuracy of the experimental TMS coil placement and induced E-field. Main results. TAP was demonstrated in a study consisting of three repetitive TMS sessions in five subjects. TMS was delivered by an experienced operator under neuronavigation with the computationally optimized coil placement. Analysis of the experimental accuracy from the recorded neuronavigation data indicated coil location and orientation deviations up to about 2 mm and 2°, respectively, resulting in an 8% median decrease in the target E-field magnitude compared to the optimal placement. Significance. TAP supports navigated TMS with a variety of features for rigorous and reproducible stimulation delivery, including planning and evaluation of coil placement and intensity selection for E-field-based dosing.