bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algumas reflexões sobre os direitos humanos, dignidade e o uso de robôs no cuidado de idosos
Authors: Campos Eduardo Villa Coimbra , Pinto Gerson Neves 
Published: April 2022

ResumoO presente trabalho busca explorar, de forma breve e limitada a seu escopo, as relações existentes entre direitos humanos, dignidade e a assistência aos idosos desempenhada por robôs. Com a apresentação de noções introdutórias e básicas de tais elementos e de sua previsão em instrumentos internacionais, busca-se destacar algumas das novas tecnologias que vêm sendo desenvolvidas no âmbito da robótica, em conjunto com a inteligência artificial, para o cuidado com aqueles que se encontram nas fases mais avanças de suas vidas, apresentando exemplos do atual estágio evolutivo dessas tecnologias. Posteriormente, serão apresentados alguns dos questionamentos éticos formulados sobre o uso de tais tecnologias e as preocupações que devem ser consideradas para seu desenvolvimento, atreladas à privacidade, autonomia, identidade e liberdade dos idosos, tentando avaliar a repercussão sobre sua dignidade. Ao final, pretende-se reconhecer, como resultado, qual o impacto do uso de robôs no cuidado com idosos, especial e notadamente sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos, fazendo a contraposição às críticas formuladas a sua implementação. Quanto à metodologia, o presente estudo foi realizado através de abordagem teórica, exploratória e descritiva, através de pesquisa com observância dos procedimentos bibliográficos, nas plataformas oficiais referenciadas e em repositórios diversos.Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Dignidade. Robôs. Inteligência Artificial. Idosos. AbstractThe present work seeks to explore, in a brief way and limited to its scope, the existing relationships between Human Rights, Dignity and Assistance to the elderly performed by robots. With the presentation of introductory and basic concepts of such elements and its prediction in international instruments, it seeks to highlight some of the new technologies that have been developed in the scope of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for the care of those who are in the most advanced stages of their lives, presenting examples of the current stage of such technology. Subsequently, it aims to portray some of the ethical questions formulated about the use of such technology and the concerns that must be considered regarding the privacy, autonomy, identity and freedom of the elderly, trying to assess the repercussions on their Dignity. At the end, it is intended to recognize, as a result, the impact of the use of robots, combined with artificial intelligence, in the care of the elderly, especially and notably from the perspective of human rights, contrasting the criticisms made to their implementation. As for the methodology, the present study was carried out using a theoretical, exploratory and descriptive approach, through research with observance of bibliographic procedures, in the official platforms referenced and in various repositories.Keywords: Human Rights. Dignity. Robots. Artificial Intelligence. Elderlies.
Globalization, market, and money: what roman civilization can teach economic and commercial history
Authors: Blázquez Guillermo Suárez 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study undertakes an interdisciplinary assessment of the economic and legal foundations of the ancient world, and in particular, classical Roman civilization. These constitute the guiding principles of business life and the global business world of today. The importance of this original research initiative is to try and provide universal, solid, and timeless scientific pillars and values in order to reliably understand Economic History and the industrial corporate bodies of our interconnected world.Keywords: Freedom of Market, Financial Instruments, Trade, Contracts and Universal Justice, Limited Liability, Industrial Corporations, Capital Markets, Shares and Corporate Debt. AbstractEste estudo realiza uma avaliação interdisciplinar dos fundamentos econômicos e jurídicos do mundo antigo e, em particular, da civilização romana clássica. Estes fundamentos constituem os princípios orientadores da vida empresarial e do mundo empresarial global de hoje. A importância desta iniciativa original de pesquisa é tentar fornecer pilares e valores científicos universais, sólidos e atemporais, a fim de compreender com confiabilidade a História Econômica e os órgãos corporativos industriais de nosso mundo interconectado.Palavras-chave: Liberdade de Mercado, Instrumentos Financeiros, Comércio, Contratos e Justiça Universal, Responsabilidade Limitada, Empresas Industriais, Mercado de Capitais, Ações e Dívida Corporativa.
Antimicrobial activity of nudibranch Chromodoris lineolata associated bacteria against skin diseases pathogens from Jepara Coastal Waters, Indonesia
Authors: WIJAYA ALDI PRATAMA , SABDONO AGUS , SIBERO MADA TRIANDALA , TRIANTO AGUS , RADJASA OCKY KARNA 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Wijaya AP, Sabdono A, Sibero MT, Trianto A, Radjasa OK. 2022. Antimicrobial activity of nudibranch Chromodoris lineolata associated bacteria against skin diseases pathogens from Jepara Coastal Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1911-1919. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) skin pathogens has caused the treatment of skin diseases to become increasingly ineffective using by conventional antibiotics. As a source of antimicrobial compounds against MDR pathogens, marine invertebrate-associated bacteria have been widely known for their valuable biological activity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of nudibranch Chromodoris lineolata associated bacteria against various skin pathogens and to detect the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) through a molecular approach. A total of 14 nudibranch-associated bacteria were successfully isolated from Awur Bay and Panjang Island. Antimicrobial activity screening using the agar plug method indicated that three bacterial strains showed antimicrobial activity against two skin pathogens, Propionibacterium acnes and Malassezia furfur. Based on the biochemical test, these potential strains were classified into the Terrabacteria and Proteobacteria groups. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, potential strains were identified as Streptomyces lateritius, Labrenzia marina, and Halomonas meridiana through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results of BGC detection showed the presence of a type II polyketide synthase (PKS II) biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces lateritius and Labrenzia marina strains at 600bp-650bp.
Role of siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) as seed dispersal agent in a Sumatran lowland tropical forest
Authors: ADYN MUHAMMAD FARHAN , SIBARANI MARSYA CHRISTYANTI , UTOYO LAJI UTOYO , SURYA RIKHA ARYANIE , SEDAYU AGUNG 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Adyn MF, Sibarani MC, Utoyo L, Surya RA, Sedayu A. 2022. Role of siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) as seed dispersal agent in a Sumatran lowland tropical forest. Biodiversitas 23: 2101-2110. Seed dispersal is mutualistic interaction between angiosperms and dispersal agents. One of the important dispersers for lowland tropical forests, including in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), is siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus Raffles, 1821). This study aimed to determine the seed dispersal pattern, composition of dispersed seeds, and the seed fate dispersed by siamangs at Way Canguk Research Station, BBSNP, Lampung, Indonesia, from February-April 2021. We used the continuous focal sampling method to observe siamang behavior, while the purposive sampling method collected feces and seeds. Siamangs dispersed endozoochory dominantly, all fecal contained seeds, deposited more in the morning, and more scattered than clumped. With a gut passage time of 22.5 ± 3 hours, the seed dispersal distance was 223.9 ± 142 meters from the parents. Seeds < 3 mm were more numerous, but seeds > 3 mm were dispersed more often. Siamang was recorded to disperse a mean of 3.3 ± 1.4 species/feces, and 22 species were dispersed. The germination test showed that only 28% of total planted seeds successfully germinated. Based on in situ monitoring, the remaining deposit sites only accounted for 12% of total records, while the germination rate of dispersed seeds from these deposit sites varied. Further studies are needed with a larger sample to test the consistency of these findings.
Concept validation of a high dynamic range point-diffraction interferometer for wavefront sensing in adaptive optics
Authors: Dubost Nicolás , Bharmal Nazim Ali , Dubbeldam Marc , Myers Richard M. 
Published: April 2022

The direct detection and imaging of exoplanets requires the use of high-contrast adaptive optics (AO). In these systems quasi-static aberrations need to be highly corrected and calibrated. To achieve this, the pupil-modulated point-diffraction interferometer (m-PDI) was presented in an earlier paper. This present paper focuses on m-PDI concept validation through three experiments. First, the instrument’s accuracy and dynamic range are characterized by measuring the spatial transfer function at all spatial frequencies and at different amplitudes. Then, using visible monochromatic light, an AO control loop is closed on the system’s systematic bias to test for precision and completeness. In a central section of the pupil with 72% of the total radius, the residual error is 7.7 nm rms. Finally, the control loop is run using polychromatic light with a spectral FWHM of 77 nm around the R-band. The control loop shows no drop in performance with respect to the monochromatic case, reaching a final Strehl ratio larger than 0.7.
Wavelength stabilization and spectra narrowing of a 405  nm external-cavity semiconductor laser based on a volume Bragg grating
Authors: Liu Ye , Liu Yu , Li Hongling , Xiao Huidong , Xia Yingkai , Gao Ruihong , Li Xiang , Zheng Quan 
Published: April 2022

We introduce a 405 nm external-cavity semiconductor laser using a volume Bragg grating (VBG) as the feedback element. By decreasing the length of the external cavity and reducing the wavelength difference between the output wavelength of the laser diode during free running and Bragg wavelength of the VBG, the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser is stably locked at 405.1 nm with a spectral linewidth of 0.08 nm. The output power reaches 292 mW, and the wavelength drift with temperature reduces to 0.0006 nm/°C. These results are helping for the spectroscopy applications of a blue-violet laser diode. In contrast to traditional external-cavity semiconductor lasers, this laser is less expensive and more compact, in addition to having a narrow linewidth and good wavelength stability. These advantages would facilitate the development of associated areas of research, including optical data storage, laser display, and laser medicine.
High-efficiency, high-repetition-rate cavity-dumped Q-switched Yb:YAG thin-disk laser based on a 72-pass pump module
Authors: Dai Longhui , Liu Rui , Li Xiang , Gong Faquan , Lei Xiyin , Li Hui , Deng Songwen , Lv Qipeng , Sun Tianxiang , Teng Fei , Li Gang , Jin Yuqi 
Published: April 2022

We demonstrated a compact cavity-dumped Q-switched Yb:YAG laser based on a 72-pass pump module. A highly stable nanosecond pulse laser with a duration of 18.38 ns was achieved at a repetition rate of 100 kHz, which is pumped by multimode laser diode stacks at 969 nm. The average output power of more than 150 W is delivered in a good output beam characterized by M2 = 1.53. The result shows that the pulse duration derived from simulation agrees well with the one retrieved from the experimental measurements. To the best of our knowledge, the 43.5% optical-optical efficiency is the highest reported to date from a cavity-dumped Q-switched Yb:YAG TDL (thin-disk laser).
Virtual care use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on healthcare utilization in patients with chronic disease: A population-based repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Stamenova Vess , Chu Cherry , Pang Andrea , Fang Jiming , Shakeri Ahmad , Cram Peter , Bhattacharyya Onil , Bhatia R. Sacha , Tadrous Mina 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
It is currently unclear how the shift towards virtual care during the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may have impacted chronic disease management at a population level. The goals of our study were to provide a description of the levels of use of virtual care services relative to in-person care in patients with chronic disease across Ontario, Canada and to describe levels of healthcare utilization in low versus high virtual care users.

Methods
We used linked health administrative data to conduct a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study of all ambulatory patient visits in Ontario, Canada (January 1, 2018 to January 16, 2021). Further stratifications were also completed to examine patients with COPD, heart failure, asthma, hypertension, diabetes, mental illness, and angina. Patients were classified as low (max 1 virtual care visit) vs. high virtual care users. A time-series analysis was done using interventional autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modelling on weekly hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and diagnostic tests.

Results
The use of virtual care increased across all chronic disease patient populations. Virtual care constituted at least half of the total care in all conditions. Both low and high virtual care user groups experienced a statistically significant reduction in hospitalizations and laboratory testing at the start of the pandemic. Hospitalization volumes increased again only among the high users, while testing increased in both groups. Outpatient visits among high users remained unaffected by the pandemic but dropped in low users.

Conclusion
The decrease of in-person care during the pandemic was accompanied by an increase in virtual care, which ultimately allowed patients with chronic disease to return to the same visit rate as they had before the onset of the pandemic. Virtual care was adopted across various chronic conditions, but the relative adoption of virtual care varied by condition with highest rates seen in mental health.
Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating Cold Snare and Forceps Polypectomy Among Small POLYPs in Rates of Complete Resection: The TINYPOLYP Trial
Authors: Wei Mike T. , Louie Christine Y. , Chen Yu , Pan Jennifer Y. , Quan Susan Y. , Wong Robert , Brown Ryanne , Clark Melissa , Jensen Kristin , Lau Hubert , Friedland Shai 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Optimizing complete resection during colonoscopy is important because residual neoplastic tissue may play a role in interval cancers. The US Multi-Society Task Force recommends diminutive (≤5 mm) and small (6–9 mm) polyps be removed by cold snare polypectomy (CSP). However, evidence is less clear whether CSP retains significant advantage over cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) for polyps ≤3 mm.

METHODS:
This study is a single-center prospective noninferiority randomized clinical trial evaluating CFP and CSP for nonpedunculated polyps ≤3 mm. Patients 18 years and older undergoing colonoscopy for any indication were recruited. During each colonoscopy, polyps underwent block randomization to removal with CFP or CSP. After polypectomy, 2 biopsies were taken from the polypectomy margin. The primary noninferiority outcome was the complete resection rate, defined by absence of residual polyp in the margin biopsies.

RESULTS:
A total of 179 patients were included. Patients had similar distribution in age, sex, race/ethnicity, as well as indication of procedure. A total of 279 polyps ≤3 mm were identified, with 138 in the CSP group and 141 in the CFP group. Mean polypectomy time was longer for CSP compared with CFP (42.3 vs 23.2 seconds, P < 0.001), although a higher proportion of polyps removed by CFP were removed in more than 1 piece compared with CSP (15.6 vs 3.6%, P < 0.001). There were positive margin biopsies in 2 cases per cohort, with a complete resection rate of 98.3% in both groups. There was no significant difference in cohorts in complete resection rates (difference in complete resection rates was 0.057%, 95% confidence interval: −4.30% to 4.53%), demonstrating noninferiority of CFP compared with CSP.

DISCUSSION:
Use of CFP was noninferior to CSP in the complete resection of nonpedunculated polyps ≤3 mm. CSP required significantly more time to perform compared with CFP. CFP should be considered an acceptable alternative to CSP for removal of polyps ≤3 mm.
Effects of organic materials on soil bacterial community structure in long-term continuous cropping of tomato in greenhouse
Authors: Chen Jun , Du Yichun , Zhu Wei , Pang Xin , Wang Zhen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Long-term fertilization will affect the above-ground vegetation, but we have little understanding of soil bacterial community structure and diversity so far. This study aims to study the effect of organic fertilization on the soil bacterial community structure and diversity of protected long-term continuous tomato cropping by using high-throughput sequencing technology. Results show that (1) fertilization application (chemical fertilizer [CF] and vermicompost [VM]) significantly changed the soil physico-chemistry properties, such as soil pH decreased compared with control treatment and increased the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents; (2) VM increased the Shannon index of soil bacteria but decreased the soil Chao1 index; and (3) soil Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes were dominant taxa and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased by 36.40–44.27 and 25.80–29.35%, with CF and VM, respectively, compared with the control. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil pH, SOC, TN, TP, and TK were the main environmental factors that affected the diversity and richness of soil bacterial communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the SOC and TN play important roles in the composition of soil bacterial communities. In summary, the effect of VM on the soil bacterial community structure of continuous tomato cropping is better than that of CF, which should be used in the sustainable production of facility tomatoes.
Identification of a novel hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1A) variant in maturity onset diabetes of the young type 3 (HNF1A-MODY)
Authors: Verma Megha , Stone Stephen I 
Published: April 2022

Summary
We identified an adolescent young woman with new-onset diabetes. Due to suspicious family history, she underwent genetic testing for common monogenic diabetes (MODY) genes. We discovered that she and her father carry a novel variant of uncertain significance in the HNF1A gene. She was successfully transitioned from insulin to a sulfonylurea with excellent glycemic control. Based on her family history and successful response to sulfonylurea, we propose that this is a novel pathogenic variant in HNF1A. This case highlights the utility of genetic testing for MODY, which has the potential to help affected patients control their diabetes without insulin.

Learning points

HNF1A mutations are a common cause of monogenic diabetes in patients presenting with early-onset diabetes and significant family history.

Genetic testing in suspected patients allows for the identification of mutations causing monogenic diabetes.

First-degree relatives of the affected individual should be considered for genetic testing.

The use of sulfonylurea agents in patients with HNF1A-MODY can reduce dependence on insulin therapy and provide successful glycemic control.
Subacute thyroiditis presenting as a painful suspicious thyroid nodule
Authors: Zeng Wanling , Tan Sophie , King Thomas Frederick James 
Published: April 2022

Summary
We report a case of subacute thyroiditis in a 40-year-old female who initially presented with painful thyroid nodules without clinical and biochemical evidence of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid ultrasound was done to evaluate the thyroid nodules and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed in view of the suspicious features. As the FNA showed a follicular lesion of undetermined significance or atypia of undetermined significance (FLUS/AUS, Bethesda III), she was advised for surgical excision. She was subsequently diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis based on her clinical symptoms, biochemical evidence of hyperthyroidism, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as well as low uptake on thyroid scintigraphy. The thyroid lesions disappeared after symptomatic treatment. It is important to recognise that subacute thyroiditis can present with painful thyroid lesions with ultrasound features similar to suspicious thyroid nodules which can resolve with the resolution of the thyroiditis.

Learning points

Subacute thyroiditis can present with atypical features such as the absence of pain, normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate or absence of hyperthyroidism.

In subacute thyroiditis, ultrasound findings are commonly described as focal or multifocal lesions with poorly defined and heterogeneous and hypoechoic echogenicity which can be misdiagnosed as malignancy.

Thyroid lesions can resolve with the resolution of thyroiditis with or without symptomatic treatment.
Graves’ disease in an adolescent presenting with increased intracranial pressure and bilateral papilledema
Authors: Nguyen Jay , Joseph Dennis 
Published: April 2022

Summary
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can present with symptoms of headache, vomiting, visual changes, and tinnitus. Papilledema may be seen on physical exam. Thyroid disease has been a rare secondary cause of increased ICP. We present a 16-year-old female who had a worsening headache for 6 months. She was found to have signs, symptoms, physical exam findings, and diagnostic studies consistent with both increased ICP and previously undiagnosed Graves’ disease. The patient was treated with a 19-month course of methimazole 40 mg daily. Her headache and papilledema resolved shortly after medication initiation. The timeline of symptoms and resolution of her increased ICP symptoms with treatment of Graves’ disease suggests that hyperthyroidism was the underlying cause of her increased ICP. Clinicians should consider Graves’ disease as the etiology in pediatric patients presenting with signs and symptoms of increased ICP with papilledema.

Learning points

Symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) include headache, vomiting, transient visual changes, and tinnitus.

Secondary causes of increased ICP should be considered in males, young children, older patients, and those not overweight.

Clinicians should consider Graves’ disease as the etiology in pediatric patients presenting with signs and symptoms of increased ICP with papilledema. They should assess for orbitopathy and thyromegaly and inquire about symptoms that would be indicative of hyperthyroidism.