bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nodular hidradenoma Breast – A rare case report with review of literature
Authors: BHARTI JYOTSNA NARESH , Sharma Naveen , Meena Satya Prakash , Yadav Taruna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Nodular hidradenoma is a rare and very slow-growing tumor of the sweat gland; it is also known as clear cell hidradenoma/clear cell myoepithelioma or eccrine acrospiroma. Due to cystic nature the neoplasm it can masquerade as cystic lesion. Case Presentation :We present a case of a middle-aged Asian female who complaint of a slightly mobile lump in the left breast. The clinical suspicion of fibroadenoma was made, and the lesion was excised. The histopathological features were of nodular hidradenoma. The three years follow-up was uneventful. Conclusions: Nodular hidradenoma is rare in the breast and lacks characteristic clinical and radiological features. They share similar features as reported elsewhere in the body. Therefore, the final diagnosis is mainly made only after the histopathological examination.
Proton center staffing: A multicenter survey in the United States
Authors: Zhao Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
A survey was conducted to evaluate staffing among operational proton therapy centers in the United States.
Methods:
Seventeen operational proton therapy centers in the United States with multiple treatment rooms were contacted. Two separate questionnaires were generated for centers offering proton therapy only (Group A questionnaire) and centers providing both proton therapy and photon therapy (Group B questionnaire). The survey included questions on the relative full-time equivalent (FTE) for therapists, dosimetrists, physicists, and radiation oncologists, number of patients undergoing procedures, and number of treatment machines and imaging equipment.
Results:
Fourteen centers completed the questionnaire (response rate 82.3%). Among them, seven centers provided proton therapy only. The average daily patient per staffing ratios for therapists, dosimetrists, physicists, and radiation oncologists were 4.2, 8.8, 11.9, and 20.6, respectively, for Group A and 4.5, 12.4, 12.0, and 12.8, respectively, for Group B. When relative FTE for physicists was increased from 0.25 to 0.35 per proton treatment machine as a proposed modification to the ASTRO worksheet, predicted FTE for physicists compared well with survey data.
Conclusions:
There was a noticeable difference in the patient per staffing ratio between the two groups for dosimetrists and radiation oncologists. In contrast, a negligible difference was found for therapists and physicists. The 0.35 physicist FTE factor per treatment machine proposed in the revised ASTRO staffing model improves the accuracy of staffing calculation. Our study provides an important data basis for further discussion to determine mandatory minimum staffing levels in proton therapy.
Multiple timescales of learning within a single task: Continuous-time changes in evidence-accumulation processes during perceptual decision-making
Authors: Cochrane Aaron , Sims Chris , Bejjanki Vikranth , Green Shawn , Bavelier Daphne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Drift Diffusion Models have enabled strong advances in our understanding of decision-making, yet their application to examining learning has not been common. Using data from participants completing a dynamic random dot-motion direction discrimination task across four days, we characterized alterations in two components of perceptual decision-making (drift rate and response boundary). Continuous-time learning DDMs were applied to characterize trajectories of performance change, with different models allowing for varying dynamics. The best-fitting model included drift rate changing as a continuous, exponential function of cumulative trial number. In contrast, response boundary changed within each daily session, but in an independent manner across daily sessions. Our results highlight two different processes underlying the pattern of behavior observed across the entire learning trajectory, one involving a continuous tuning of perceptual sensitivity, and another more variable process describing participants’ threshold of when enough evidence is present to act.
Thermal gradient of local sheep and goats reared in the Brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Mascarenhas Nágela Maria Henrique , de Souza Bonifácio Benício , Furtado Dermeval Araújo , Costa Antonio Nelson Lima da , Feitosa José Valmir , Batista Luanna Figueiredo , Silva Maycon Rodrigues da 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the Brazilian semi-arid region, small ruminants reared in the field, especially in the dry period of the year, may be subjected to thermal stress, which can compromise their homeothermy. This study aimed to evaluate the climatic indices, rectal temperature (TR), surface temperature (TS), thermal gradient between rectal and surface temperatures and the ambient temperature of Santa Inês sheep and Moxotó goats, reared in the Brazilian semi-arid region in two periods of the year (less hot and hot) and at three times (13, 14 and 15 h), using 24 animals, 12 of each breed, 6 males and 6 females of each species, grouped in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme (species, genders and periods), with 6 replicates. Ambient temperature and black globe temperature and humidity index in the periods and times were above ideal for the species, with low relative humidity. In both periods, the means of TR remained within the normality standard for the species, but higher in sheep. TS remained high for the two species and higher in sheep at the times evaluated. The thermal gradients were below ideal, indicating damage to the physiological capacity of the animals to maintain homeothermy in the environment in which they were.
Intratubular crystal formation in the exposed dentin from nano-sized calcium silicate for dentin hypersensitivity treatment
Authors: Jeon Mi-Jeong , Park Jeong-Won , Seo Deog-Gyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate intratubular crystal formation from the experimental material consisting of dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate (C2S/C3S).
Materials and Methods
A total of twenty-four specimens were made by isolating 8 mm of the cervical part centered at the cementoenamel junction of extracted premolars. Twelve samples of the exposed upper dentin surface were treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid followed by sodium hypochlorite to simulate sensitive dentin. The other twelve specimens were not treated and considered as controls. The experimental material consisting of C2S/C3S with a nano-scaled particle size was applied to the other twelve specimens by brushing for 10,000 strokes. Each group was randomly divided into four subgroups according to the period of immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 1, 30, 60, and 90 days. The specimens were sectioned longitudinally and examined via scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy.
Results
The intratubular crystal was formed in PBS and densely filled the dentinal tubules over time. Crystal formation occurred at a depth of more than 50 µm from the dentin surface. The Ca/P ratio of formed intratubular crystals was 1.68 after three months.
Conclusion
Intratubular crystals were formed and grown in the dentin from nano-sized C2S/C3S particles under PBS, and the Ca/P ratio of the crystals was similar to that of hydroxyapatite.
Clinical Relevance
C2S/C3S with a nanoscale particle size can form intratubular crystals in PBS, and there is a possibility of reducing dentin hypersensitivity by blocking the dentinal fluid flow.
Modeling car-following behavior in heterogeneous traffic mixing human-driven, automated and connected vehicles: considering multitype vehicle interactions
Authors: Song Ziyu , Ding Haitao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, a car-following model is put forth to explain the car-following behavior of HDVs (human-driven vehicles), AVs (autonomous vehicles) and CAVs (connected and automated vehicles) in mixed traffic. Based on the IDM (intelligent-driver model) and molecular dynamic theory, the model includes the velocity of surrounding vehicles along with the difference of velocity and the headway between each pair of vehicles. The drivers’ sensitivity to the deceleration of the nearest front vehicle was considered in HDV car-following modeling and the influences of various kinds of nearest front and rear vehicles were distinguished in the CAV model. Based on the information obtained from the real road test mixed with HDVs, AVs and CAVs, the optimum value of the model parameters was obtained and the accuracy of model was verified with simulation. The results show that the simulation for HDVs’, AVs’ and CAVs’ car-following behavior under the proposed model is more accurate than that for the IDM, ACC (adaptive cruise control) model and CACC (cooperative adaptive cruise control) model. The model can be applied to car-following simulations of HDVs, AVs and CAVs in mixed traffic, in the model the tools and concepts of nonlinear dynamics especially molecular dynamic theory is applied which can benefit road traffic vehicle interaction analysis. In addition, this study provides valuable suggestions and guidance for effectively guiding AVs and CAVs to follow vehicles and improving the stability of CF behavior.
Study on the effect and its mechanism of H2O, O2 and CO2 on NTP combined with CH4-SCR
Authors: Li Hongyu , Cai Yunkai , Lü lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the influence mechanism of O2/H2O/CO2on the removal of CH4and NOxby non-thermal plasma (NTP) combined with selective catalytic reduction of NOxby CH4(NTP-CH4-SCR) were investigated. The results show that the increase of NTP energy density (0 J/L-491 J/L) promoted the CH4removal but inhibited the NOxremoval in NTP-CH4-SCR. In CH4-SCR, H2O could significantly reduce catalyst activity, adding 0.5% H2O decreased the removal efficiency of CH4and NOxfrom 30–2.9% and 58.4–1.8% respectively. In NTP-CH4-SCR, the increase of H2O content (0.5%-10.4%) contributed to formation of oxidizing free radicals such as OH and HO2, thus the CH4removal efficiency increased from 24.1–37.4%. The increase of O2content (0%-10%) promoted the adsorption of NO and the reaction of adsorption products with CH4oxidation products, causing the CH4removal efficiency increased from 1.3–32.3% and NOxremoval efficiency increased from 1.5–61.6% in CH4-SCR. Increasing O2(0–10%) produced more O and HO2radicals in NTP-CH4-SCR, resulting in the increase of CH4removal efficiency from 18.6–44.9%. However, these O and HO2radicals would react with N radicals to form NO2, NO3et al., thus decreasing NOxremoval efficiency from 68–40.8%. The change of CO2concentration has little effect on CH4and NOxremoval efficiency.
Does litter size affect the response of postpartum nursing ewes to hormonal estrous induction during spring?
Authors: Bottino Juan Pedro , Pérez-Clariget Raquel , Ungerfeld Rodolfo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if the litter size of nursing ewes affects the response to hormonal treatments to induce estrus and ovulation during the non-breeding season. For this, 124 Corriedale ewes were used, 56 ewes that had lambed during spring and remaining nursing a single lamb (GS, n = 30) or twin lambs (GT, n = 26). Another group of ewes that did not lamb was included as a control group (GC, n = 68). Estrus was induced 38 days after lambing with intravaginal sponges impregned with medroxyprogesterone acetate, that remained 7 days in situ, plus the administration of 350 IU of eCG at withdrawal. Once detected in estrus, the ewes were cervically inseminated, and 8 and 40 days later the presence of corpus luteum (CL) and pregnancy was determined by transrectal ultrasonography respectively. The percentage of ewes that came into estrus did not differ between groups. More GC than GT ewes had CL (P = 0.02), with GS not differing from the other groups. The conception and pregnancy rates were greater in GC than in GS and GT ewes (P ≤ 0.03). The litter size had no effect on the response to estrous induction; however, nursing impaired the pregnancy outcome, probably due to the failure in the ovulatory process or the early regression of the CL.
Addressing DRIS (Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System) norms with potentially toxic elements for assessing the nutritional status of Eucalyptus amended with sewage sludge
Authors: Cardoso Paulo Henrique Silveira , Rodrigues Bruno Rodrigues , Casagrande Beatriz Papa , Alvares Clayton Alcarde , Nogueira Thiago Assis Rodrigues , Capra Gian Franco , Jani Arun Dilipkumar , Hamilton Abreu-Junior Cassio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) gave valuable indices of the nutritional status of Eucalyptus amended with sewage sludge (SS).
Aims
Our objective was to establish a DRIS norms and analytical method for Eucalyptus under SS application, by verifying in particular, the influence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) on the nutritional and plant development.
Method
Data on mean annual increment, nutrient, and PTE concentration were obtained in an experiment at 22, 44, 54, and 76 months after planting Eucalyptus amended with SS.
Results
Our results indicated that DRIS can give valuable data on the nutritional balance indices, in which it was possible to verify that Ba was the most limiting element due to its excess present both in the low and high yielding subpopulations, ranging from 10 to 40% of the populations with excess of Ba. The nutritional diagnosis in agreement with the DRIS model ranged from 60 to 98% among the populations. When modeling the DRIS functions with inclusion of PTEs, a consistent evaluation of the Eucalyptus nutritional status was observed, which generated more reliable indices that were able to rank the limiting elements for the Eucalyptus productivity.
Conclusion
The new approach proved to be an effective tool for interpreting DRIS indices, by presenting reliable data when PTEs are included. Thus, the inclusion of PTEs in DRIS functions can provide valuable information, by determining which element can cause more damage to the plants. The need for specific norms for each region, plant age and sludge management are highlighted.
A randomised controlled trial to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for depressed non-responders to Increasing Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) high-intensity therapies: study protocol
Authors: Barnhofer Thorsten , Dunn Barnaby D. , Strauss Clara , Ruths Florian , Barrett Barbara , Ryan Mary , Ladwa Asha , Stafford Frances , Fichera Roberta , Baber Hannah , McGuinness Ailis , Metcalfe Isabella , Harding Delilah , Walker Sarah , Ganguli Poushali , Rhodes Shelley , Young Allan , Warren Fiona 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
• Background: Major Depression represents a pressing challenge for health care. In England, Increasing Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services provide evidence-based psychological therapies in a stepped care approach to patients with depression. While introduction of these services has successfully increased access to therapy, estimates suggest that about 50 percent of depressed patients who have come to the end of the IAPT pathway still show significant levels of symptoms. This study will investigate whether Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), a group intervention combining training in mindfulness meditation and elements from cognitive therapy, can have beneficial effects in depressed patients who have not responded to high-intensity therapy in IAPT. It will seek to establish the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of MBCT as compared to the treatment these patients would usually receive.
• Methods: In a 2-arm randomised controlled trial, patients who currently meet criteria for Major Depressive Disorder and who have not sufficiently responded to at least 12 sessions of IAPT high-intensity therapy will be allocated, at a ratio of 1:1, to receive either MBCT (in addition to treatment as usual [TAU]) or continue with TAU only. Assessments will take place at baseline, 10-weeks and 34-weeks post-randomisation. The primary outcome will be reduction in depression symptomatology 34 weeks post-randomisation as assessed using the Public Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Secondary outcomes will include depressive symptomatology at 10-weeks post-randomisation and other clinical outcomes measured at 10-week and 34-week follow-up, along with a series of binarized outcomes to indicate clinically significant and reliable change. Evaluations of cost-effectiveness will be based on assessments of service use costs collected using the Adult Service Use Schedule and health utilities derived from the EQ-5D.
• Discussion: This trial will add to the evidence-base for the use of MBCT in depressed treatment non-responders. It will constitute the first trial to test MBCT following non-response to psychological therapy, with results providing a direct estimate of efficacy within the IAPT pathway. As such, its results will offer an important basis for decisions regarding the adoption of MBCT for non-responders within IAPT.
• Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05236959, 11.02.2022; ISRCTN: 17755571, 02.02.2021
Tunisian children ans adolescents coping with parental cancer
Authors: Berrazaga Yosra , Korbi Sinan , Mejri Nesrine , Rachdi Haifa , Saadi Mariem , Daoud Nouha , Boussen Hammouda 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the coping mechanisms of children of cancer parents in the Tunisian context where cancer remains a taboo subject in many families.
Methods: Parents treated for cancer (n=103) how have children<18 years old, were asked to complete a questionnaire between July and December 2020.The questionnaire included items about: emotional and behavioral impact on children.
Results: We interviewed 75 women (72.8%), mean age was 43 years old. Forty percent of the patients had adolescents (aged 12-18 years), 35% had school-aged children (6-12 years) and 25% had children preschoolers (<6 years). In our study, 82.5% of parents told their children about the disease. Among the children who were not aware of their parent’s illness, we observed significantly more preschoolers (61% vs 17.6%, p=0.001). In 41.7% of cases, parents didn’t disclose the whole truth to their kids. The announcement procedure was perceived as a stressful task by half of the participants. In our study, 96% of participants observed a behavioral change in their kids: anxiety in 35.1%, depression in 21.6%, violent behavior and aggression in 21.6%, emotional dependency in 10.3% and addiction in 6.2% of the cases. School failure was reported in 58.7% of cases mainly seen in children aged 6-12 years. Parent’s gender (OR=2.88 [0.38-21]), educational level (OR=0.59 [0.059-5.894]) didn’t significantly predict kids’ behavior change.
Conclusion: Tunisian parents with cancer seemed to lift the taboo surrounding their disease by involving their children in the acceptance process of the disease despite the developmental disruption it can generate.
Immature Myeloid Cell Deposition in Old Bone Marrow Revealed by Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Kim Woo Jin , Kim Ki-Tae , Moon Jae-I , Park Seung Gwa , Cho Young Dan , Kim Hyun Jung , Shin Hye-Rim , Yoon Heein , Ryoo Hyun-Mo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aging causes dysfunction of innate immunity, although hematopoietic stem cells of aged bone marrow (BM) show an increased differentiation potential to myeloid lineage cells. The alteration of cellular heterogeneity and intercellular communications between BM immune cells may provide important clues to understanding age-dependent immune dysfunction. Here, we provide a deep single-cell transcriptomic analysis of total immune cell populations of young and old BM. We identified the well-organized differentiation status of 11 myeloid/lymphoid lineage cell populations and age-dependent alterations in the proportions of cells. The neutrophil lineages showed the most prominent alteration by aging, and subclustering of neutrophils indicated that the specific immature neutrophils are increased in old BM. In addition, we identified age-dependent alterations in secretory phenotypes associated with a decline in innate immunity and immune cell differentiation. Among these secretory phenotypes, SPP1 could be suggested as a representative signal that triggers myeloid skewing and immature neutrophil deposition in aged BM. Collectively, these results provide a novel link between the altered immune cell proportions in BM and age-dependent dysregulation of innate immunity.
Low-level wind shear of wind field modeling and simulation
Authors: Zhang Ye , Jia Meng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Three wind shear wind field modeling methods has been introduced in this paper. By use of computer numerical simulation, the model can not only simulate the real wind shear of wind field, buy can also provide other useful physical quantities. In the study of low-level wind shear detection system process, the wind field model that can truly reflect the physical characteristics change of wind field is establised. The experiments results show that the most typical shear wind field is caused by the down flow.
The way ahead for improving the health of Syrian women through identification of core competencies
Authors: Haidar Shireen , Dashash Mayssoon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground: The rates and causes of perinatal deaths of mothers in Syria, as well as the coverage rates in reproductive and maternal health, reflect a serious decline in the quality of care. Researchers indicate that lack of clinical skills are the main reason of maternal death. Therefore, this study was undertaken at identifying the essential competencies required in order to deliver the best health care to women.Methods:A purposive, multidisciplinary sample of 22 medical experts participated in the study, and two rounds of modified Delphi technique were applied using two criteria, percentage and mean value, to identify core competencies regarding women's health.Results:55 core competencies, including 22 cognitive, 17 skills, 16 attitudes, were identified, and divided into 35 essential and 20 important competencies. Also, 53 competencies were determined as necessary for the general practitioner, including 15 cognitive (knowledge), 16 skills, 22 attitudes, whereas 17 competencies were considered, exclusively, for the specialist.ConclusionsUndergraduates need to focus on competencies that are related mostly to preventive and promotive maternal, and antenatal care. It is hoped that this approach would help curriculum planners in Syrian medical schools and other faculties in the world with similar circumstances, to address these competencies in their curricula that consequently improve the quality of life and well- being of women.