bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong Proton‐Electron Coupling in π‐Planar Metal Complex with Redox‐Active Ligands
Authors: Huang Pingping , Yoshida Yukihiro , Nakano Yoshiaki , Yamochi Hideki , Hayashi Mikihiro , Kitagawa Hiroshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) of metal complexes has been widely studied, especially in biochemistry and catalytic chemistry. Although metal complexes bearing redox‐active ligands play a part in these research areas, those with π‐planar structure remain entirely unexplored, which are vital for future development of iono‐electronics. Here, proton‐electron coupling of a π‐planar nickel complex bearing redox‐active N,S‐ligands, Ni(itsq)2, was investigated by combining experimental and theoretical approaches. Strong proton‐electron coupling was manifested in a large potential shift, which is twice greater than that of a typical PCET‐type π‐planar metal complex with redox‐inactive ligands, [Ni(dcpdt)2]2−. Theoretical calculations affirmed that the stabilization of frontier orbitals by protonation is greater in Ni(itsq)2 than that in [Ni(dcpdt)2]2−. These results indicate that π‐planar metal complexes with redox‐active ligands are promising for developing novel PCET‐type materials.
A proteomics approach to decipher a sticky CHO situation
Authors: Kumar Swetha , Kumar Amit , Huhn Steven , DeVine Lauren , Cole Robert , Du Zhimei , Betenbaugh Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells serve as protein therapeutics workhorses, so it is useful to understand what intrinsic properties make certain host cell lines and clones preferable for scale up and production of target proteins. In this study, two CHO host cell lines (H1, H2), and their respective clones were evaluated using comparative TMT‐proteomics. The clones obtained from host H1 showed increased productivity (6.8 times higher) in comparison to clones from host H2. Based on fold‐change analyses, we observed differential regulation in pathways including cell adhesion, aggregation, and cellular metabolism among others. In particular, the cellular adhesion pathway was downregulated in H1, in which podoplanin, an antiadhesion molecule, was upregulated the most in host H1 and associated clones. Phenotypically, these cells were less likely to aggregate and adhere to surfaces. In addition, enzymes involved in cellular metabolism such as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and mitochondrial‐d‐lactate dehydrogenase (
d‐LDHm) were also found to be differentially regulated. IDH plays a key role in TCA cycle and isocitrate‐alpha‐ketoglutarate cycle while
d‐LDHm aids in the elimination of toxic metabolite methylglyoxal, involved in protein degradation. These findings will enhance our efforts towards understanding why certain CHO cell lines exhibit enhanced performance and perhaps provide future cell engineering targets.
Morphologically favorable mutant of Trichoderma reesei for low viscosity cellulase production
Authors: Adsul Mukund G. , Dixit Pooja , Saini Jitendra K. , Gupta Ravi P. , Ramakumar Sankara Sri Venkata , Mathur Anshu S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetabolite production by filamentous fungi hampered because of high viscosity generated during growth. Low viscosity fermentation by mold is one of the preferred ways of large scale enzymes production. Cellulolytic enzymes play a key role during the process of lignocellulosic biomass conversion. In this study, a mutant RC‐23‐1 was isolated through mutagenesis (diethyl sulfate followed by UV) of Trichoderma reesei RUT‐C30. RCRC‐23‐1 not only gave higher cellulase production but also generated lower viscosity during enzyme production. Viscosity of mutant growth was more than three times lower than parent strain. RC‐23‐1 shows unique, yeast‐like colony morphology on solid media and small pellet‐like growth in liquid media. This mutant did not spread like mold on solid media. This mutant produces cellulases constitutively when grown in sugars. Using only glucose, the cellulase production was 4.1 FPU/ml. Among polysaccharides (avicel, xylan, and pectin), avicel gave maximum of 6.2 FPU/ml and pretreated biomass (rice straw, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse) produced 5.1–5.8 FPU/ml. At 7 L scale reactor, fed‐batch process was designed for cellulase production using different carbon and nitrogen sources. Maximum yield of cellulases was 182 FPU/g of lactose consumed was observed in fed‐batch process. The produced enzyme used for hydrolysis of acid pretreated rice straw (20% solid loading) and maximum of 60% glucan conversion was observed. RC‐23‐1 mutant is good candidate for large scale cellulase production and could be a model strain to study mold to yeast‐like transformation.
RETRACTED: Neurological manifestations of COVID‐19: A potential gate to the determinants of a poor prognosis
Authors: Ahmed A. Ibrahim Etedal , Isam Farah Hassan Ramah , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab , Taha Salah Elmuntasir , Eltahier Abdalla Omer Mohammed , S. Haroun Mazin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral investigations were carried out during the pandemic, demonstrating a number of neurological symptoms linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection.ObjectivesThe goal of this review is to discuss COVID‐19 disease's neurological signs and squeals.MethodologyFrom December 2019 to May 2020, data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, as well as a manual search using Google Scholar. COVID‐19, neurological symptoms, cranial nerves, motor system were among the key phrases utilized in the search.ResultsThe intensity of respiratory involvement increases the likelihood of neurological symptoms and consequences. According to some research, it might range from 34% to 80%. The central and peripheral neural systems are both affected, resulting in cranial nerve palsies and limb paralysis.ConclusionCOVID‐19 neurologic complications are key drivers of patient severity and mortality. Headache, convulsions, mental and psychic disorders, delirium, and insomnia are just some of the symptoms that the virus can cause. The olfactory nerve is the most commonly damaged cranial nerve, resulting in anosmia. Stroke (mostly infarction), encephalitis, meningitis, Guillain–Barre syndrome, relapse of multiple sclerosis, and transverse myelitis are all symptoms and squeals.
Challenges to increasing visibility and support for children in Bangladesh's informal ready‐made garment factories
Authors: Chanani Sheila , Spector Hope , Restrepo Alvarez Savitri , Chowdhury Nasir , Ma Patrick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWorker voice tools can support multinational companies to monitor social compliance within complex multi‐tier apparel supply chains. This study presents findings from an adaptation of a worker voice tool that contacted 11,555 workers in two informal ‘Ready‐made Garment’ (RMG) production hubs in Bangladesh. Results indicate a high level of child labour, particularly among boys, and present characteristics of exploitative working conditions. The authors also share challenges in facilitating support services for identified child labourers. This study informs multi‐sectoral strategies for business adherence to sustainable supply chain management, and government commitment to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 for Decent Work and Economic Growth.
Digital finance and sustainable development: Evidence from environmental inequality in China
Authors: Li Guoxiang , Zhang Rong , Feng Suling , Wang Yuqing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAchieving environmental equity is important for ensuring resource utilization efficiency and realizing sustainable development. Using panel data of 286 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper analyzes whether financial support in the form of digital finance can mitigate environmental inequality. The findings indicate that (1) digital finance has a significant mitigating effect on environmental inequality. Digital finance development has a stronger industrial pollution emission reduction effect on high‐polluting regions than on low‐polluting regions and can reduce the environmental pollution gap between regions. The results of robustness tests such as an endogeneity test support this finding. (2) Digital finance development can have a stronger mitigating effect on environmental inequality in regions with a stronger local government governance capacity and environmental preferences. Digital finance can be a more significant inhibitor of environmental inequality in areas where industries transfer out due to their stronger needs for industrial transformation and finance. (3) Residential income and green technology innovation are important factors affecting industrial pollution emissions and reductions. Digital finance development can narrow the income gap between regions and promote the convergence of green technology innovation capacity, in turn alleviating environmental inequality. In the future, while continuing to promote the development of digital finance, it is necessary to improve the governance capacity of local governments, to increase the efficiency of resource utilization in places where industrial transfer is undertaken and to strengthen the role of financial support in industrial pollution control.
Comparison of quality of life and cosmetic result between open and transaxillary endoscopic thyroid lobectomy for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma survivors: A single‐center prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Tingting , Zhang Zhicheng , Chen Weisheng , Yu Shitong , Sun Baihui , Deng Xiangqian , Ge Junna , Wei Zhigang , Lei Shangtong , Li Guoxin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy has been introduced to achieve better cosmetic outcomes. However, the benefits of this technology on the patients’ health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) remain unclear. We aimed to investigate whether transaxillary endoscopic lobectomy is comparable to conventional open lobectomy in terms of QOL and cosmetic results in order to provide more evidence for establishing appropriate clinical decisions.MethodsBetween August 2019 and May 2020, transaxillary endoscopic lobectomy and conventional open lobectomy were performed in 73 and 99 patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, respectively. HRQoL was assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery using the Thyroid Cancer‐Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire. The cosmetic outcomes were assessed 12 months after surgery using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS).ResultsNo significant difference was observed in the surgical results between the two groups. However, the data showed that the average operative time and postoperative hospital stay of the transaxillary group were longer than those of the open group (p < 0.001). Both groups showed similar changes in the QOL scores over time. However, the transaxillary group had fewer complaints of the throat or oral problems at 1 month postoperatively than the open group (p < 0.001). During the follow‐up, the cosmetic results of scars in the transaxillary group were significantly better than those in the open group (p < 0.05). Patients who underwent transaxillary endoscopic lobectomy had higher overall satisfaction with their scar appearance, determined using POSAS, at 12 months postoperatively.ConclusionsThe current findings suggest that transaxillary endoscopic lobectomy may offer better cosmetic and HRQoL outcomes.
How political identity and attitudinal spillover matter for consumption of place: Evidence from winter migrants in the United States
Authors: Felix Reto , Sheng Xiaojing , Ngo Ai Nhan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding winter migration is relevant for marketing managers and consumer researchers, yet research on this important phenomenon remains scarce. Extending literatures on attitude formation and attitudinal spillover, political identity, and consumption of place, the current research shows that more conservative winter migrants from the United States score higher on consumer animosity and lower on consumer affinity toward Mexico. Affinity toward Mexico, but not animosity, is associated with sense of place and psychological ownership toward a popular winter migration destination, the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) in the United States, through attitudinal spillover. Furthermore, psychological ownership toward the RGV is associated with managerially relevant outcome variables, including revisit intention, word‐of‐mouth, and relocation intention. Tests for alternative explanations (ethnocentrism and xenocentrism) and unobserved heterogeneity are conducted, and the results are discussed in light of the extant literature.
Exploring the Reaction Mechanism of Heterobimetallic Nickel‐Alkali Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization: Secondary‐Metal‐Ligand Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Apilardmongkol Pavee , Ratanasak Manussada , Hasegawa Jun‐ya , Parasuk Vudhichai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, we explored the reaction mechanism of heterobimetallic nickel phenoxyphosphine polyethylene glycol (Ni‐PEG) with alkali metals (M+=Li+, Na+, K+, and Cs+) catalysts for ethylene polymerization using the DFT calculations. The activation energy of the necessary step shows the following trend, Li+<Na+<K+<Cs+, which corresponds to experimentally observed activities. Roles of secondary metals (M+) in Ni‐PEG catalysts were clarified. Our findings suggest that the active catalyst should contain strong cooperative metal‐metal/metal‐ligand interactions and less positive charge on M+ cation. Besides, the key role of M+ is to control the PEG group which stabilizes the catalyst structure. In addition, we found two key factors (shorter M‐O1 and M‐OPEG distances) for designing new catalysts from the pre‐reaction state of the Ni‐PEG(M+) catalysts. Finally, Ni‐PEG(M2+) catalysts with Be2+, Mg2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ were suggested for candidates of highly active catalysts for ethylene polymerization.
One‐dimensional PtFe hollow nanochains for the efficient oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Rao Peng , Luo Junming , Li Jing , Huang Wei , Sun Wei , Chen Qi , Jia Chunman , Liu Zhongxin , Deng Peilin , Shen Yijun , Tian Xinlong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntegration of electronic and strain effects with tailored structures is significant to tuning the electrocatalytic activity and stability of the electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, one‐dimensional PtFe hollow nanochains are synthesized by a facile and effective method, which exhibit a highly open and porous structure. The modulated electronic and strain effects of Pt atoms are verified by extensive structural characterizations, and the mass and specific activities of the prepared catalyst are roughly 7.45 and 12.44 times higher than those of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, respectively. Remarkably, the catalyst demonstrates robust performance with negligible activity decay after an accelerated durability test for 30,000 cycles. The high activity of the catalyst is probably due to the optimized absorption affinity of Pt‐O accelerating the reaction kinetics induced by the cooperation of Fe atoms as well as the unique hollow and curved structures. This study provides new insights into the rational design of high‐performance ORR catalysts with considerable durability.
Identifying the Molecular Origins of Green BN‐TADF Material Degradation and Device Stability via in situ Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Xue Wangjuan , Yan Hao , He Yaowu , Wu Lijie , Zhang Xinkang , Wu Yuting , Xu Jinhao , He Junpeng , Yan Chaoyi , Meng Hong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is little investigation into the impact of molecular conformation on device efficiency and degradation of boron‐nitrogen thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (BN‐TADF). Herein, three highly‐efficient green BN‐TADF emitters have been designed to unveil the impact of peripheral phenyl groups on device efficiencies and lifetimes. Compared to BN‐PhOH with the lowest EQEmaxof 19 %, BN‐PhOCH3and BN‐PhN(CH3)2have achieved strongly enhanced EQEmaxof 25.6 % and 24.1 %, respectively. Importantly, the device lifetimes (LT50) are dramatically improved from 1.7 h of BN‐PhOH to 4.4 h of BN‐PhOCH3and 7.7 h of BN‐PhN(CH3)2without encapsulation. According to in situ Raman spectroscopy and simulations, BN‐PhN(CH3)2of less conformation change after aging exhibits the best photostability. It is proposed that the torsion angle change between the BN core and the peripheral phenyl group results in BN‐TADF degradation. This knowledge means precisely tuning peripheral groups of BN‐TADF can achieve both higher device efficiencies and longer lifetimes.
Host‐Guest Assemblies of Cyanostilbenes and Cucurbit[8]uril: Luminescence Modulation, Photoreactivity Control and Energy Transfer Studies
Authors: Kanti Bhaumik Shubhra , Kumar Sanat , Banerjee Supratim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of di‐cationic cyanostilbene derivatives possessing peripheral alkyl chains of variable lengths underwent host‐guest complexation withCB[8]in aqueous media to produce higher order nano‐ and micro‐structures of various morphologies and exhibited multi‐color luminescence. Their complexation behavior was modulated by varying the ionic strength of the medium. The photoreactivity of the cyanostilbene chromophores in theCB[8]assemblies was found to be dependent on the length of the alkyl segment. Furthermore, theCB[8]assemblies acted as artificial light harvesting systems exhibiting multicolor luminescence ranging from green to pinkish red through energy transfer to different acceptor dyes.
In Situ Ellipsometry Measurements on the Halide Phase Segregation of Mixed Halide Lead Perovskites**
Authors: Bernhardt Annik , Ambagaspitiya Tharushi D. , Kordesch Martin E. , Cimatu Katherine Leslee A. , Chen Jixin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMethylammonium lead iodide bromides MAPb(BrxI1‐x)3 are a class of mixed halide lead perovskites, materials that offer high‐power conversion efficiencies and bandgap tunability. For these reasons, they are a promising absorber material for future solar cells, although their use is still limited due to several factors. The reversible phase segregation under even low light intensities is one of them, lowering the effective bandgap due to local segregation into iodide‐rich and bromide‐rich phases. While several studies have been done to illuminate the mechanism and suppression of phase segregation, challenges remain to understand its kinetics. We obtained dynamic ellipsometric measurements from x=0.5 mixed halide lead perovskite thin films protected by a polystyrene layer under green laser light with a power density of ∼11 W/cm2. Time constants between 1.7(±0.7)×10−3 s−1 for the segregation and 1.5(±0.6)×10−4 s−1 for recovery were calculated. The phase segregation rate constants are surprisingly two orders of magnitude slower than and the recovery rate is consistent with those measured using photoluminescence methods under similar conditions. These results confirm a concern in the literature about the complexity in the phase separation kinetics measured from photoluminescence. We expect ellipsometry to serve as a complementary technique to other spectroscopies in studying mixed‐halide lead perovskites phase segregation in the future.
Energy Transfer Processes in the Excited States of an {[Ir(N C)2(N N)]+‐Rhodamine} Dyad: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Kitchenkov Ilya S. , Melnikov Alexei S. , Serdobintsev Pavel S. , Khodorkovskii Mikhail A. , Pavlovskii Vladimir V. , Porsev Vitaly V. , Tunik Sergey P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein we report the synthesis, characterization, photophysical and theoretical study of the luminescent dyad Ir‐RhB containing two emissive centers: The first fluorescent (RhB=rhodamine B) and the second phosphorescent (Ir=orthometalated iridium complex), bound with an aliphatic bridge. These nearly independent chromophores have triplet excited states which are very close in terms of energy, allowing for reversible energy transfer between them. The observed transient absorption spectra and their time dependent variations were interpreted in terms of a relatively simple kinetic model, where selective excitation of the iridium‐based chromophore affords the corresponding emissive triplet state, followed by its equilibration with the rhodamine based triplet state and simultaneous emissive relaxation to the dyad ground state. This model allows for analytical solution to give key characteristics of the dyad excited‐state dynamics, including the energy gap between these triplets (ΔE=0.017 eV) and the rate constant of energy transfer (k(Ir‐RhB)=6.0 ⋅ 108 s−1). These data were also verified by quantum chemical DFT and TD‐DFT calculations.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Based in vitro Model for Neurotoxicity Testing
Authors: Coccini Teresa , Spinillo Arsenio , Roccio Marianna , Lenta Elisa , Valsecchi Chiara , De Simone Uliana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNeurotoxicity (NT) testing for regulatory purposes is based on in vivo animal testing. There is general consensus, however, about the need for the development of alternative methodologies to allow researchers to more rapidly and cost effectively screen large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause NT, or to investigate their mode of action. In vitro assays are considered an important source of information for making regulatory decisions, and human cell–based systems are recommended as one of the most relevant models in toxicity testing, to reduce uncertainty in the extrapolation of results from animal‐based models. Human neuronal models range from various neuroblastoma cell lines to stem cell–derived systems, including those derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSC). hMSCs exhibit numerous advantages, including the fact that they can be obtained in high yield from healthy human adult tissues, can be cultured with a minimal laboratory setup and without genetic manipulations, are able of continuous and repeated self‐renewal, are nontumorigenic, and can form large populations of stably differentiated cells representative of different tissues, including neuronal cells. hMSCs derived from human umbilical cord (hUC) in particular possess several prominent advantages, including a painless, non‐invasive, and ethically acceptable collection procedure, simple and convenient preparation, and high proliferation capacity. In addition, hMSCs can be efficiently differentiated into neuron‐like cells (hNLCs), which can then be used for the assessment of neuronal toxicity of potential neurotoxic compounds in humans. Here, we describe a step‐by‐step procedure to use hMSCs from the umbilical cord for in vitro neurotoxicity testing. First, we describe how to isolate, amplify, and store hMSCs derived from the umbilical cord. We then outline the steps to transdifferentiate these cells into hNLCs, and then use the hNLCs for neurotoxicity testing by employing multiple common cytotoxicity assays after treatment with test compounds. The approach follows the most updated guidance on using human cell–based systems. These protocols will allow investigators to implement an alternative system for obtaining primary NLCs of human origin, and support advancement in neurotoxicity research. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation and maintenance of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) obtained from the umbilical cord lining membraneBasic Protocol 2: Transdifferentiation of hMSCs into neuron‐like cells (hNLCs) and basic neurotoxicity assessment