bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for Running for health (Run4Health CP): a multicentre, assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial of 12 weeks of two times weekly Frame Running training versus usual care to improve cardiovascular health risk factors in children and youth with cerebral palsy
Authors: Reedman Sarah E , Sakzewski Leanne , McNamara Lynda , Sherrington Catherine , Beckman Emma , West Kerry , Trost Stewart G , Thomas Rachel , Chatfield Mark D , Dutia Iain , Gennen Alix , Dodds Bridget , Cotton Zoë , Boyd Roslyn N 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionChildren and youth with moderate-severe (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels II–V) cerebral palsy (CP) participate less frequently in physical activities compared with peers without CP and have elevated risk of cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Frame Running (RaceRunning) is a new athletics discipline that is an accessible option for physical activity participation for people with moderate-severe CP. There is no high-quality evidence for the effect of Frame Running on cardiovascular disease in children and young people with CP. The primary aim of this study is to conduct a randomised controlled trial of the effect of 12 weeks of Frame Running training on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Methods and nalysisSixty-two children and youth with CP (age 8–20 years) in GMFCS levels II–V will be recruited across four sites and randomised to receive either 12 weeks of Frame Running training two times weekly for 60 min, or usual care. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, immediately postintervention (primary endpoint) and 12 weeks later for retention of training effects. The primary outcome is cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by distance covered on Six Minute RaceRunner Test with 1 min heart rate recovery. Other outcomes include blood pressure, objectively measured physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference, percentage body fat, gross motor function capacity, community participation, feasibility, tolerability and safety. Adverse events will be monitored, and participants and their caregivers will be interviewed to discern their experiences of participation in Frame Running.Ethics and disseminationThe Children’s Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service and the University of Queensland Human Research Ethics Committees have approved this study. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences; through professional and athletic organisations; and to people with CP and their families.Trial registration numberACTRN12621000317897; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number.
Achievement rate and predictive factors of the recommended therapeutical target in patients with axial spondyloarthritis who remain on biological therapy: a prospective cohort study in Spain
Authors: Benavent Diego , Franco-Gómez Karen , Plasencia-Rodriguez Chamaida , Novella-Navarro Marta , Bogas Patricia , Nieto Romina , Monjo Irene , Nuño Laura , Villalba Alejandro , Peiteado Diana , Balsa Alejandro , Navarro-Compán Victoria 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of sustained remission (R) or low diseas activity (LDA) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) undergoing long-term biological therapy and to analyse predictive factors for achieving these outcomes.DesignProspective, observational cohort study.SettingSpanish hospital.ParticipantsPatients with axSpA who initiated biological treatment between 2003 and 2017.InterventionAssessment of demographic and clinical characteristics at the beginning of treatment and disease activity every 6 months up to a maximum of 2 years.Main outcome measuresDisease activity was measured by Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index and C reactive protein (BASDAI&CRP). Sustained R was defined as ASDAS<1.3 and/or BASDAI <2 and normal CRP while sustained LDA was defined as ASDAS <2.1 and/or BASDAI <4 and normal CRP on at least three consecutive visits.ResultsIn total 186 patients (66.1% men and 75.3% with radiographic sacroiliitis) were included. Overall, 76.8% of patients achieved ASDAS R/LDA (R53.2%/LDA23.6%) in at least one visit. Forty per cent (R17.6%/LDA22.4%) of the patients fulfilled the sustained ASDAS R/LDA state, whereas only 30.8% maintained this status (R14.8%/LDA15.9%) according to BASDAI&CRP. In the multivariate analysis, male sex (OR=4.01), younger age at the beginning of biological therapy (OR=0.96) and an HLA*B27 positive status (OR=4.30) were associated with achieving sustained ASDAS R/LDA.ConclusionsIn clinical practice, around one-third of patients on biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs achieve a sustained R/LDA status, but these rates drop to less than one in five when targeting remission, preventing the use of the latter as a feasible target. Male sex, HLA*B27 positivity and younger age at the beginning of biological therapy are the main predictors for achieving sustained R/LDA.
Associations between physical activity prior to infection and COVID-19 disease severity and symptoms: results from the prospective Predi-COVID cohort study
Authors: Malisoux Laurent , Backes Anne , Fischer Aurélie , Aguayo Gloria , Ollert Markus , Fagherazzi Guy 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate if the physical activity (PA) prior to infection is associated with the severity of the disease in patients positively tested for COVID-19, as well as with the most common symptoms.DesignA cross-sectional study using baseline data from a prospective, hybrid cohort study (Predi-COVID) in Luxembourg. Data were collected from May 2020 to June 2021.SettingReal-life setting (at home) and hospitalised patients.ParticipantsAll volunteers aged >18 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, as determined by reverse transcription-PCR, and having completed the PA questionnaire (n=452).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was disease severity (asymptomatic, mild illness and moderate illness). The secondary outcomes were self-reported symptoms.ResultsFrom the 452 patients included, 216 (48%) were female, the median (IQR) age was 42 (31–51) years, 59 (13%) were classified as asymptomatic, 287 (63%) as mild illness and 106 (24%) as moderate illness. The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (n=294; 65%), headache (n=281; 62%) and dry cough (n=241; 53%). After adjustment, the highest PA level was associated with a lower risk of moderate illness (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.98, p=0.045), fatigue (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.97, p=0.040), dry cough (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.96, p=0.034) and chest pain (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.77, p=0.010).ConclusionsPA before COVID-19 infection was associated with a reduced risk of moderate illness severity and a reduced risk of experiencing fatigue, dry cough and chest pain, suggesting that engaging in PA may be an effective approach to minimise the severity of COVID-19.Trial registration numberNCT04380987.
Associations of within-individual changes in working conditions, health behaviour and BMI with work ability and self-rated health: a fixed effects analysis among Dutch workers
Authors: van de Ven David , Robroek Suzan JW , Oude Hengel Karen M , van Zon Sander KR , Brouwer Sandra , Ots Patricia , Burdorf Alex , Schuring Merel 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThis study assessed the associations of (1) within-individual improvements and (2) within-individual deteriorations in working conditions, health behaviour and body mass index (BMI) with changes in work ability and self-rated health among workers.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Netherlands.ParticipantsPersons in paid employment, aged 45–64 years, who participated in the Dutch Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM) between 2010 and 2017, and improved or deteriorated at least once with respect to working conditions (psychological and emotional job demands, autonomy, social support, physical workload), health behaviour (moderate and vigorous physical activity, smoking status), or BMI between any of two consecutive measurements during the 7-year follow-up.Primary and secondary outcome measuresChanges in self-reported work ability on a scale from 0 to 10 (1st item of the work ability index) and self-rated health on a scale from 1 to 5 (SF-12).ResultsOf the 21 856 STREAM participants, ultimately 14 159 workers were included in the fixed effects analyses on improvements (N=14 045) and deteriorations (N=14 066). Workers with deteriorated working conditions decreased in work ability (β’s: −0.21 (95% CI: −0.25 to −0.18) to −0.28 (95% CI: −0.33 to −0.24)) and health (β’s: −0.07 (95% CI: −0.09 to −0.06) to −0.10 (95% CI: −0.12 to −0.08)), whereas improvements were to a lesser extent associated with increased work ability (β’s: 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.09) to 0.11 (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.16)) and health (β’s: 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.03) to 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.06)). Workers with increased BMI or decreased physical activity reduced in work ability and health. Likewise, decreased BMI or increased vigorous physical activity was associated with improved health. An increase in moderate or vigorous physical activity was modestly associated with a reduced work ability. Quitting smoking was associated with reduced work ability and health.ConclusionsCompared with improvements, preventing deteriorations in working conditions, health behaviour and BMI, might be more beneficial for work ability and workers’ health.
Using knowledge brokering activities to promote allied health clinicians’ engagement in research: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Mickan S , Wenke Rachel , Weir Kelly , Bialocerkowski Andrea , Noble Christy 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionEngaging clinicians in research can improve healthcare organisational performance, patient and staff satisfaction. Emerging evidence suggests that knowledge brokering activities potentially support clinicians’ research engagement, but it is unclear how best they should be used.ObjectivesThis study explores how embedded researchers utilised knowledge brokering activities to engage research interested clinicians in research.DesignA longitudinal qualitative interview based study was co-designed to investigate how experienced research fellows utilise knowledge brokering activities to facilitate allied health clinicians’ engagement in research.SettingIn one large tertiary level, regional Australian health service, research fellows were matched with research interested clinicians.MethodsQualitative analysis of three longitudinal semi-structured interviews for each research fellow was undertaken. Initial descriptions of their utilisation of knowledge brokering activities were deductively coded. Reflexive thematic analysis was utilised to generate a shared explanation of clinicians’ engagement in research.ResultsThree research fellows facilitated 21 clinicians’ participation in and leadership of clinical research projects over 12 months. They utilised all ten key knowledge brokering activities with each clinician, with differing patterns and examples. Research fellows described using linkage and exchange activities of communicating and collaborating with key stakeholders, and they tailored knowledge management products for individual’s engagement. Further, they described a broader learning journey where they clarified and monitored individuals’ capabilities, motivation and their contextual support for research engagement.ConclusionWhen research fellows chose and tailored knowledge brokering activities to align and extend clinicians’ research capabilities and motivation, they created individualised learning curriculums to support clinicians’ participation in and leadership of local research projects. Health and academic leaders should consider structuring embedded researcher positions to include knowledge brokering roles and activities, specifically for research interested clinicians who are ready to participate in and lead research projects.
Field and laboratory investigation of factors affecting GCL performance in the Antarctic environment
Authors: Battista V. Di , Rowe R.K. , McWatters R.S. 
Published: May 2022

Performance indicators of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exposed to the Antarctic environment were assessed using field and laboratory methods. Barrier properties of the GCLs were not impacted by the field conditions and exhumed hydraulic conductivities with respect to tap water ranged from 0.4 × 10−11 to 12 × 10−11 m/s, compared to 5 × 10−11 m/s (virgin) and from 2.1 × 10−11 to 8.8 × 10−11 m/s for a synthetic leachate, compared to 2.5 × 10−11 to 7.6 × 10−11 m/s for virgin specimens. The self-healing ability of bentonite remained intact despite environmental exposure as evidenced by X-ray radiographs. Using a test plot to evaluate GCL hydration with the major determinant of hydration was identified as proximity to meltwater flow. However, a finer subgrade ( D60 = 5–7 mm) increased average and peak GCL moisture contents in areas not inundated with meltwater and resulted in less deformation than a coarse subgrade ( D60 > 16 mm). Additionally, X-ray radiographs showed increased self-healing in monitoring specimens overlying fine subgrades. Environmental exposure (e.g., temperature cycling and dehydration/rehydration) did not affect the hydraulic conductivity of test plot specimens (1.1 × 10−11 to 8.5 × 10−11 m/s) compared to the virgin GCL (6.7 × 10−11 m/s) with respect to tap water, and minimal cation exchange had occurred.
The quasi-fission phenomenon of double charm $$T_{cc}^+$$ induced by nucleon
Authors: He Jun , Liu Xiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study the reaction of a nucleon and a doubly charmed state $$T^+_{cc}$$

T

cc

+

. Under the assumption of the $$T^+_{cc}$$

T

cc

+

as a molecular state of $$D^{*}D$$

D

∗

D

, the reaction of the nucleon and $$T_{cc}$$

T

cc

is mediated by exchanges of $$\pi $$
π
, $$\eta $$
η
, $$\rho $$
ρ
, and $$\omega $$
ω
meson, which results in split of $$T_{cc}$$

T

cc

state with two D mesons in final state. With the help of the effective Lagrangians, the cross section of $$p+T^+_{cc}\rightarrow p+D^++D^0$$

p
+

T

cc

+

→
p
+

D
+

+

D
0

process is calculated, and a very large cross section can be obtained with very small incoming momentum of proton. It decrease rapidly with the increase of the momentum to about 10 mb at momenta of order of GeV. Such large cross section suggests that induced by a proton the $$T_{cc}^+$$

T

cc

+

state is very easy to decay and transit to two D mesons. In the rest frame of the $$T_{cc}^+$$

T

cc

+

state, an obvious accumulation of final D meson at small momentum region can be observed in predicted Dalitz plot, which is due to the molecular state interpretation of $$T^+_{cc}$$

T

cc

+

state. This novel quasi-fission phenomenon of double charm molecular $$T_{cc}^+$$

T

cc

+

state induced by a proton can be accessible at High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider.
Lie symmetry analysis, optimal system and exact solutions of a new (2 + 1)-dimensional KdV equation
Authors: Tiwari Ashish , Arora Rajan 
Published: April 2022

This work attempts to apply the Lie symmetry approach to an updated (2+1)-dimensional KdV equation, recently updated in A.-M. Wazwaz, Nucl. Phys. B 954 (2020) 115009. The equation can be considered as one of the famous examples of the soliton equation. The infinitesimal generators for the governing equation have been found using the invariance property of Lie groups. The commutator table, adjoint table, invariant functions and one-dimensional optimal system of subalgebras are then derived using Lie point symmetries. Some group invariant solutions are derived based on various subalgebras, symmetry reductions and an optimal system. To demonstrate the physical acceptability of the results, the obtained solutions are evaluated using numerical simulation.
Weak–strong uniqueness for energy-reaction-diffusion systems
Authors: Hopf Katharina 
Published: April 2022

We establish weak–strong uniqueness and stability properties of renormalized solutions to a class of energy-reaction-diffusion systems. The systems considered are motivated by thermodynamically consistent models, and their formal entropy structure allows us to use as a key tool a suitably adjusted relative entropy method. The weak–strong uniqueness principle holds for dissipative renormalized solutions, which in addition to the renormalized formulation obey suitable dissipation inequalities consistent with previous existence results. We treat general entropy-dissipating reactions without growth restrictions, and certain models with a non-integrable diffusive flux. The results also apply to a class of (isoenergetic) reaction-cross-diffusion systems.
Risk Factors for TERT Promoter Mutations with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Mao Jingxin , Huang Xingliang , Okla Mohammad K. , Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Mubarak Ayman , Hameed Zahid , Noreen Razia , Chaudhary Aqsa , Ghazanfar Shakira , Liao Yixuan , Hameed Yasir , Li Chen 
Published: April 2022

Whether TERT promoter mutation is related to more aggressive clinicopathologic features and worse outcomes in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients (PTCs) is still variable and controversial. Our intention was to investigate the risk or prognostic factors that may additionally predict the TERT promoter mutation doable of these lesions and new prevention techniques in PTCs. A total of 2,539 PTC patients with 11.50% TERT mutation have been analyzed using Revman 5.3 software in this study. The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for works published until November 9, 2021. The following variables had been associated with an extended chance of TERT promoter mutation in PTC patients:

age
<
45

years (

MD
=
10.93

,

95
%
CI
=
7.25
–
14.61

);

gender
=
male

(

pooled

OR
=
1.63

,

95
%
CI
=
1.17
–
2.28

);

tumor

size
>
1

cm

(

MD
=
0.56

,

95
%
CI
=
0.34
–
0.77

); lymph node metastasis (

pooled

OR
=
1.29

,

95
%
CI
=
0.93
–
1.79

); vascular invasion (

pooled

OR
=
1.78

,

95
%
CI
=
0.83
–
3.84

); extrathyroidal extension (

pooled

OR
=
2.00

,

95
%
CI
=
1.32
–
3.02

); distant metastasis (

pooled

OR
=
1.46

,

95
%
CI
=
1.04
–
2.04

); advanced TNM stage (

pooled

OR
=
3.19

,

95
%
CI
=
2.28
–
4.45

). In addition, multifocality (

pooled

OR
=
0.67

,

95
%
CI
=
0.14
–
3.24

) had no affiliation with TERT promoter mutation in PTC patients. Our finding showed that

age
<
45

years, male,

tumor

size
>
1

cm

, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and superior/advanced TNM stage were dangerous elements for TERT promoter mutation of worse effect in PTCs while that multifocality was once negatively correlated. TERT promoter mutation is drastically associated with recurrence and PTC-related mortality.
Observações e experiências de Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira sobre agricultura no Pará (1784)
Authors: Pataca Ermelinda Moutinho 
Published: May 2022

Em consonância ao pensamento fisiocrático setecentista, a agricultura consistiu em um dos principais objetos de reflexão de Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira ao longo da Viagem Filosófica (1783-1792), com destaque especial para o texto Estado Presente da Agricultura do Pará. Neste artigo, analisaremos este manuscrito, avaliando como a observação e a experiência fundamentaram os projetos políticos e econômicos implementados nas esferas locais e metropolitanas. Analisaremos a construção de um gênero epistêmico, o “Estado Presente”, destacando as práticas científicas em toda sua complexidade, abrangendo as investigações na viagem e o processo de escrita, reflexão e síntese do texto. Destacaremos os discursos sobre a decadência da agricultura e suas proposições reformistas para a implementação de políticas agrícolas, num processo civilizador associando a ordenação e a domesticação natural aos projetos coloniais.
Association Between the Acidemia, Lactic Acidosis, and Shock Severity With Outcomes in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Jentzer Jacob C. , Schrage Benedikt , Patel Parag C. , Kashani Kianoush B. , Barsness Gregory W. , Holmes David R. , Blankenberg Stefan , Kirchhof Paulus , Westermann Dirk 
Published: May 2022

Background
Lactic acidosis is associated with mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Elevated lactate levels and systemic acidemia (low blood pH) have both been proposed as drivers of death. We, therefore, analyzed the association of both high lactate concentrations and low blood pH with 30‐day mortality in patients with CS.

Methods and Results
This was a 2‐center historical cohort study of unselected patients with CS with available data for admission lactate level or blood pH. CS severity was graded using the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention (SCAI) shock classification. All‐cause survival at 30 days was analyzed using Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional‐hazards analysis. There were 1814 patients with CS (mean age, 67.3 years; 68.5% men); 51.8% had myocardial infarction and 53.0% had cardiac arrest. The distribution of SCAI shock stages was B, 10.8%; C, 30.7%; D, 38.1%; and E, 18.7%. In both cohorts, higher lactate or lower pH predicted a higher risk of adjusted 30‐day mortality. Patients with a lactate ≥5 mmol/L or pH <7.2 were at increased risk of adjusted 30‐day mortality; patients with both lactate ≥5 mmol/L and pH <7.2 had the highest risk of adjusted 30‐day mortality. Patients in SCAI shock stages C, D, and E had higher 30‐day mortality in each SCAI shock stage if they had lactate ≥5 mmol/L or pH <7.2, particularly if they met both criteria.

Conclusions
Higher lactate and lower pH predict mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock beyond standard measures of shock severity. Severe lactic acidosis may serve as a risk modifier for the SCAI shock classification. Definitions of refractory or hemometabolic shock should include high lactate levels and low blood pH.
‘Simplicity Itself’: The Creation of the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework
Authors: Raffe David 
Published: April 2022

The Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF) aims to become the ‘national language’ which will describe all qualifications in Scotland in terms of levels and credit points. It is the latest in a series of measures to ‘unify’ the Scottish education system. The paper describes key features of the SCQF, outlines the key stages in its development and discusses some of the issues raised in its current implementation phase. These include problems of fitting qualifications into the Framework, issues of compatibility with UK and international frameworks, and the tension between alternative views of what constitutes full implementation of the Framework. The creation of the Framework has been incremental, voluntaristic, partnership-based and pragmatic, but these features of the process will be under strain as implementation proceeds. The paper concludes by discussing the likely impact of the SCQF on Scottish education.
“Describing the past is complex; describing the future is simplicity itself. The credit point will be exactly the same whether someone is at the early stages of school, in a further education college, in a professional statutory body or learning anywhere in Scotland. A common unit of currency will run through absolutely everything. One of our important goals is to try to bring about that simplicity.” Norman Sharp, QAA Scotland (Scottish Parliament 2002b, pp.22-23)