bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Among COVID-19 Patients in Udayana University Hospital, Bali
Authors: Harkitasari Saktivi , Purnamasidhi Cokorda Agung Wahyu , Rena Ni Made Renny Anggreni , Sukmawati Ni Made Dewi Dian , Somia I Ketut Agus 
Published: August 2022

Experts have speculated the potential of heparin administration as COVID-19 treatment modality, although scientific research regarding its effectivity, recommended dosage, and period are still minimal. This study aims to explore the capacity of LMWH as a medicament for COVID-19, in effort to provide scientific reference for further development of COVID-19 possible choice of treatment or medicament. A retrospective study was conducted in Udayana University Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Data were sourced from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients medical records during March 25 to July 31, 2020. Clinical, laboratory, treatment and use of LMWH data were reviewed and statistically processed. 42 patients we found Use of LMWH. The patient categorizes from moderate to severe COVID-19. 31 patients use of LMWH for prophylaxis and 11 patients use of LMWH for treatment. 7 patients were death in the hospital, and the other was survived. LMWH elevates coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. We believe that beneficial effects of LMWH as prophylaxis or treatment in COVID-19 patients.
Percepção, conhecimento e comportamento dos escolares sobre à COVID 19, em uma cidade do Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Melo Ítalo Fernando Lisboa de , Santos Alexrangel Henrique Cruz , Santos Siqueira Thayane , Celestino Ariel Oliveira , Lima Antônia Rosane Pereira , Biscarde Caroline Elena Almeida , Guimaraes Claudivan Santos , Santos Tina Tânia Dias dos , Souza Jonas de Jesus , Barbosa Luciene 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Realizar uma avaliação da percepção, do conhecimento e do comportamento dos escolares no município de Nova Soure, Bahia, mediante a COVID-19. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico transversal e descritivo, com alunos do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Professora Maria De Lourdes Ferreira da Silva. Após aderirem voluntariamente ao estudo, alunos receberam um questionário no formato do Google Forms, distribuído pelo WhatsApp, composto por 40 perguntas objetivas, com o intuito de avaliar dados socioeconômicos, percepções, conhecimentos, rotina, hábitos, comportamentos realizados no enfrentamento da pandemia sobre o COVID-19. Resultados: Em relação às características sociodemográficas, 154 (56,7%) eram do sexo feminino e 125 (43,3%) do sexo masculino. A maior parte residia na zona urbana 166 (57,4%) enquanto os demais residiam na zona rural 123 (42,6%). Muitos se informavam a respeito da pandemia pela internet 171 (59,2%) e 114 (39,4%) pela TV. A maior parte fazia atividade física no período da pandemia 188 (65,1%) e 225 (77,9%) saia de casa com frequência nesse período. Conclusão: A pesquisa desenvolvida evidenciou que a utilização de tecnologias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem contribui e muito com a educação, porém, observou-se também que a pandemia acentuou as disparidades em relação ao acesso à educação.
Uma ideologia construída: representações femininas na revista Illustração Pelotense no início do século XX
Authors: Miranda Ágata Hax , Rostas Márcia Helena Sauaia Guimarães 
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo visa perceber a mulher, enquanto um sujeito histórico e social, que se constitui a partir da ideologia e da cultura impostas por uma sociedade classista. O objetivo principal é analisar a ideologia disseminada na Revista Illustração Pelotense, no início do século XX, sob a ótica nas informações destinadas ao público feminino, através da imprensa. O tema emergente foi o trabalho doméstico, o qual discutimos em três tópicos. No primeiro, abordamos a naturalização do trabalho doméstico à mulher na sociedade capitalista, através da imprensa, assim, a percebemos sendo educada, desde a infância, para cumprir com rigor seu papel de esposa, mãe e doméstica. Ainda, percebemos a discriminação de classes, uma vez que os enunciados apontavam à subjugação do trabalho doméstico das mulheres da elite às das classes subalternas, bem como a depreciação desses corpos. Na sequência, discorremos sobre a educação feminina voltada à submissão e à subserviência como um ato de amor. No último tópico, discutimos sobre a discriminação racial, através da percepção do apagamento da mulher negra na revista, assim, compreendemos que, mesmo após alforriada, ela se manteve excluída, ocupando os lugares sociais e profissionais de menor prestígio. Ao final da análise, observamos a imprensa pelotense à época agindo por meio dos marcadores de discriminação de sexo, raça e classe na sociedade capitalista.
Surgical Fixation of Calcaneal Beak Fractures—Biomechanical Analysis of Different Osteosynthesis Techniques
Authors: Jordan Martin C. , Hufnagel Lukas , McDonogh Miriam , Paul Mila M. , Schmalzl Jonas , Kupczyk Eva , Jansen Hendrik , Heilig Philipp , Meffert Rainer H. , Hoelscher-Doht Stefanie 
Published: August 2022

The calcaneal beak fracture is a rare avulsion fracture of the tuber calcanei characterized by a solid bony fragment at the Achilles tendon insertion. Treatment usually requires osteosynthesis. However, lack of biomechanical understanding of the ideal fixation technique persists. A beak fracture was simulated in synthetic bones and assigned to five different groups of fixation: A) 6.5-mm partial threaded cannulated screws, B) 4.0-mm partial threaded cannulated screws, C) 5.0-mm headless cannulated compression screws, D) 2.3-mm locking plate, and E) 2.8-mm locking plate. Different traction force levels were applied through an Achilles tendon surrogate in a material-testing machine on all stabilized synthetic bones. Outcome measures were peak-to-peak displacement, total displacement, plastic deformation, stiffness, visual-fracture-line displacement, and mode of implant failure. The 2.3- and 2.8-mm plating groups showed a high drop-out rate at 100 N tension force and failed under higher tension levels of 200 N. The fracture fixation using 4.0-mm partial threaded screws showed a significantly higher repair strength and was able to withhold cyclic loading up to 300 N. The lowest peak-to-peak displacement and the highest load-to-failure and stiffness were provided by fracture fixation using 6.5-mm partial threaded cannulated screws or 5.0-mm headless cannulated compression screws. As anticipated, large 6.5-mm screw diameters provide the best biomechanical fixation. Surprisingly, the 5.0-mm headless cannulated compression screws yield reliable stability despite the absent screw head and washer. When such large screws cannot be applied, 4.0-mm screws also allow reasonable fixation strength. Plate fixation should be implemented with precaution and in combination with a restrictive postoperative motion protocol. Finally, clinical cases about the surgical application and recovery are included.
Improvement of the bladder perfusion curative effect through tight junction protein degradation induced by magnetic temperature-sensitive hydrogels
Authors: Sun Xiaoliang , Song Xinhong , Guo Peng , Zhang Dong , Zuo Shishuai , Leng Kang , Liu Yun , Zhang Haiyang 
Published: August 2022

Postoperative intravesical instillation of chemotherapy is a routine procedure for non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, traditional bladder perfusion methods have insufficient exposure time, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. In the present study, a chitosan (CS)-based in situ forming depot (ISFD) delivery system, including Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNP), CS, and β-glycerophosphate (GP) as main components, was synthesized. Pirarubicin (THP), as a chemotherapeutic drug, was loaded into the new system. Results showed that our carrier system (Fe3O4-THP-CS/GP) was converted into gel and attached to the bladder wall, possessing loose network structures with magnetic targeting and sustained release properties. Moreover, its retention time in bladder was more than 72 h accompanied by a suitable expansion rate and good degradation characteristics. The antitumor activities of Fe3O4-THP-CS/GP were more effective both in vitro and in vivo than the free THP solution. In the study of its mechanism, results showed that Fe3O4-THP-CS/GP suppressed the expression of occludin (OCLN) and affected tight junctions (TJ) between urothelial cells to promote THP absorption.
Assessment of causal associations between handgrip strength and cardiovascular diseases: A two sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhuo Chengui , Zhao Jianqiang , Wang Qiqi , Lin Zujin , Cai Haipeng , Pan Huili , Chen Lei , Jin Xiangyu , Jin Hong , Xu Longwei , Tao Xiyan 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSeveral observational studies have identified that handgrip strength was inversely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Nevertheless, causality remains controversial. We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine whether handgrip strength and risk of CVDs are causally associated.MethodsWe identified 160 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for right-hand grip strength and 136 independent SNPs for left-hand grip strength at the genome-wide significant threshold (P &lt; 5 × 10−8) from UK Biobank participants and evaluated these in relation to risk of CVDs. MR estimates was calculated using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and multiple sensitivity analysis was further conducted.ResultsGenetical liability to handgrip strength was significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI), but not stroke, hypertension, or heart failure. Additionally, there was significant association between right-hand grip strength and atrial fibrillation (OR, 0.967; 95% CI, 0.950–0.984; p = 0.000222), however, suggestive significance was found between left-hand grip strength and atrial fibrillation (OR, 0.977; 95% CI, 0.957–0.998; p = 0.033). Results were similar in several sensitivity analysis.ConclusionOur study provides support at the genetic level that handgrip strength is negatively associated with the risk of CAD, MI, and atrial fibrillation. Specific handgrip strength interventions on CVDs warrant exploration as potential CVDs prevention measures.
Construction and analysis of competing endogenous RNA network and patterns of immune infiltration in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Chen Liang , Wang Shuangshuang , Wang Zheyu , Liu Yuting , Xu Yi , Yang Shuofei , Xue Guanhua 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundVarious studies have highlighted the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as critical molecular regulators in cardiovascular diseases, but its role in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is unclear. This study explores the potential molecular mechanisms of AAA based on the circRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and immune cell infiltration patterns.MethodsThe expression profiles of circRNAs (GSE144431) and mRNAs (GSE57691 and GSE47472) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then, the differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) between AAA patients and healthy control samples, and the target miRNAs of these DEmRNAs and DEcircRNAs were identified. Based on the miRNA-DEmRNAs and miRNA-DEcircRNAs pairs, the ceRNA network was constructed. Furthermore, the proportion of the 22 immune cell types in AAA patients was assessed using cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm. The expressions of key genes and immune cell infiltration were validated using clinical specimens.ResultsA total of 214 DEmRNAs were identified in the GSE57691 and GSE47472 datasets, and 517 DEcircRNAs were identified in the GSE144431 dataset. The ceRNA network included 19 circRNAs, 36 mRNAs, and 68 miRNAs. Two key genes, PPARG and FOXO1, were identified among the hub genes of the established protein-protein interaction between mRNAs in the ceRNA network. Moreover, seven types of immune cells were differentially expressed between AAA patients and healthy control samples. Hub genes in ceRNA, such as FOXO1, HSPA8, and RAB5C, positively correlated with resting CD4 memory T cells or M1 macrophages, or both.ConclusionIn conclusion, a ceRNA interaction axis was constructed. The composition of infiltrating immune cells was analyzed in the abdominal aorta of AAA patients and healthy control samples. This may help identify potential therapeutic targets for AAA.
An integration engineering framework for machine learning in healthcare
Authors: Assadi Azadeh , Laussen Peter C. , Goodwin Andrew J. , Goodfellow Sebastian , Dixon William , Greer Robert W. , Jegatheeswaran Anusha , Singh Devin , McCradden Melissa , Gallant Sara N. , Goldenberg Anna , Eytan Danny , Mazwi Mjaye L. 
Published: August 2022

Background and ObjectivesMachine Learning offers opportunities to improve patient outcomes, team performance, and reduce healthcare costs. Yet only a small fraction of all Machine Learning models for health care have been successfully integrated into the clinical space. There are no current guidelines for clinical model integration, leading to waste, unnecessary costs, patient harm, and decreases in efficiency when improperly implemented. Systems engineering is widely used in industry to achieve an integrated system of systems through an interprofessional collaborative approach to system design, development, and integration. We propose a framework based on systems engineering to guide the development and integration of Machine Learning models in healthcare.MethodsApplied systems engineering, software engineering and health care Machine Learning software development practices were reviewed and critically appraised to establish an understanding of limitations and challenges within these domains. Principles of systems engineering were used to develop solutions to address the identified problems. The framework was then harmonized with the Machine Learning software development process to create a systems engineering-based Machine Learning software development approach in the healthcare domain.ResultsWe present an integration framework for healthcare Artificial Intelligence that considers the entirety of this system of systems. Our proposed framework utilizes a combined software and integration engineering approach and consists of four phases: (1) Inception, (2) Preparation, (3) Development, and (4) Integration. During each phase, we present specific elements for consideration in each of the three domains of integration: The Human, The Technical System, and The Environment. There are also elements that are considered in the interactions between these domains.ConclusionClinical models are technical systems that need to be integrated into the existing system of systems in health care. A systems engineering approach to integration ensures appropriate elements are considered at each stage of model design to facilitate model integration. Our proposed framework is based on principles of systems engineering and can serve as a guide for model development, increasing the likelihood of successful Machine Learning translation and integration.
Multi-scale deformation characteristics and mechanism of red-bed mudstone in dry-wet environment
Authors: Yu Fei , Tong Kaiwen , Fu Zhenghao , Feng Gaoshun , Zhou Zhe , Chen Shanxiong , Dai Zhangjun 
Published: August 2022

Repeated swelling-shrinking behaviors of red-bed mudstone poses a potential threat to high-speed railways. Through swelling test and dry-wet cycle test, the deformation law of mudstone samples was discussed. Using X-ray CT scanning, MIP and BET technology, the inner relationship between deformation and structural characteristics were clarified. The results showed that the surface of sample was chipped and peeled off after two cycles. During the dehumidification, the mudstone has undergone three stages of shrinkage adjustment, accelerated shrinkage and stable shrinkage. Uneven tensile stress caused by evaporation of water molecules in the initial stage of drying delayed the shrinkage. Initial water content was opposite to the changes of stable strain after water immersion and residual strain after dehydration, while it was positively correlated with environmental temperature. Porosity and connectivity keep increasing with the continuous cycle, and the number appeared to gradually descend from the two ends to the middle in space. Successive drying and wetting promoted a wider range of diameter-length ratio by the swelling of hydrophilic minerals and uneven shrinkage stress. Spatial orientation also transitioned to the polar angle. Specifically, the structure evolved from the layered shape to the tree-like and net-like in order. Microscopic scale mainly included uniform flat pores and wedge-shaped capillary pores, ranging from 10 to 80 Å. The number of cycles didn’t affect the morphology of micropores, but only caused volume and specific surface area to enlarge. The existence of clays generated irreversible deformation of micropores and initiated the gradual extension. This work will provide key data and necessary methods for the geohazard problems.
Numerical study on the energy performance of an axial-flow pump with different wall roughness
Authors: Chen Yuling , Sun Qing , Li Zhixiang , Gong Yan , Zhai Jianwei , Chen Huixiang 
Published: August 2022

Pumping stations play an important role in China’s South-to-North Water Diversion, agricultural irrigation, and municipal drainage. Some pumping station units have been put into operation for long periods with improper operation and require maintenance. Moreover, the surfaces of the flow components have been worn and corroded, leading to an increase in the relative roughness and a decrease in the hydraulic performance efficiencies of pumping station units. In this work, we performed field measurements and numerical simulations to study the influence of the wall roughness on the hydraulic performance of slanted axial-flow pump devices under multiple working conditions. The effects of the wall roughness of the impeller chamber on the hydraulic performance of the pump, the guide vane chamber, and the inlet and outlet flow channel were investigated. Wall roughness had the largest influence on the hydraulic performance of the pump and the smallest influence on the inlet and outlet flow channels. For devices with different roughness values on the impeller chamber wall under different flow rate conditions, the performance of the pump device worsened under the large-flow-rate condition, and the device performance was better under the small-flow-rate and designed flow conditions. The efficiency of the slanted axial-flow pump device decreased significantly as the flow rate increased. Under the same flow rate condition, the performance of the device with Ra = 5 μm was similar to that with a smooth wall, where Ra is the roughness of the wall. With the increase in the roughness, the uniformity of the axial velocity distribution coefficient decreased, and the velocity-weighted average drift angle increased. External characteristic parameters, such as the torque and the static pressure, on the blade pressure surface gradually decreased with the increase in the wall roughness. A large roughness could induce instability of the wall flow and enhance the turbulent kinetic energy near the blade surface.
Effects of vitamin E supplementation of a high-lipid diet on the growth and biochemical parameters of hybrid groupers (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus)
Authors: Huang Weibin , Yan Xiaobo , Liu Hao , Tan Beiping , Suo Xiangxiang , Pan Simiao , Li Tao , Yang Yuanzhi , Dong Xiaohui 
Published: August 2022

There is a trend towards using high-lipid diets in aquaculture, which can be optimized by using certain additives. This study investigated the effect of vitamin E (VE) supplementation of a high-lipid diet on the growth, serum and liver biochemical indexes, hepatic histology, and lipid metabolism of hybrid groupers (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatus). Six groups of iso-protein (50.23%) and iso-lipidic high-lipid (15.36%) experimental diets were prepared by adding VE at concentrations of 49.6 (basic diet, controls), 100, 110, 163, 206, and 245 mg/kg. Each treatment consisted of three replicates and 30 fish (10.20 ± 0.02 g) in an 8-week feeding experiment. The results show that 1) compared with controls, growth performance was not affected by VE addition. However, the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly lower in the high-VE group (245 mg/kg) than in the 163 and 206 mg/kg groups. 2) Compared with controls, VE significantly increased the contents of alpha-tocopherol in the liver and muscle. 3) Adding VE can reduce the fatty livers caused by high-lipid diets and significantly reduce total serum cholesterol, reduce the activity of lipid synthesis enzymes, and significantly increase the activity of lipolytic enzymes in the liver. 4) Compared with controls, appropriate amounts of VE significantly increased the expressions of the liver lipid-metabolism-related genes PPAR-α, PPAR-β, PPAR-γ, H-FABP , A-FABP, and L-FABP. Based on observations of lipid metabolism enzyme activity, histological sections, and lipid-metabolism-related gene expression, we conclude that the addition of 163–206 mg/kg VE to a high-lipid diet can promote lipid metabolism in groupers.
Patient selection for corneal topographic evaluation of keratoconus: A screening approach using artificial intelligence
Authors: Ahn Hyunmin , Kim Na Eun , Chung Jae Lim , Kim Young Jun , Jun Ikhyun , Kim Tae-im , Seo Kyoung Yul 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCorneal topography is a clinically validated examination method for keratoconus. However, there is no clear guideline regarding patient selection for corneal topography. We developed and validated a novel artificial intelligence (AI) model to identify patients who would benefit from corneal topography based on basic ophthalmologic examinations, including a survey of visual impairment, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and autokeratometry.MethodsA total of five AI models (three individual models with fully connected neural network including the XGBoost, and the TabNet models, and two ensemble models with hard and soft voting methods) were trained and validated. We used three datasets collected from the records of 2,613 patients' basic ophthalmologic examinations from two institutions to train and validate the AI models. We trained the AI models using a dataset from a third medical institution to determine whether corneal topography was needed to detect keratoconus. Finally, prospective intra-validation dataset (internal test dataset) and extra-validation dataset from a different medical institution (external test dataset) were used to assess the performance of the AI models.ResultsThe ensemble model with soft voting method outperformed all other AI models in sensitivity when predicting which patients needed corneal topography (90.5% in internal test dataset and 96.4% in external test dataset). In the error analysis, most of the predicting error occurred within the range of the subclinical keratoconus and the suspicious D-score in the Belin-Ambrósio enhanced ectasia display. In the feature importance analysis, out of 18 features, IOP was the highest ranked feature when comparing the average value of the relative attributions of three individual AI models, followed by the difference in the value of mean corneal power.ConclusionAn AI model using the results of basic ophthalmologic examination has the potential to recommend corneal topography for keratoconus. In this AI algorithm, IOP and the difference between the two eyes, which may be undervalued clinical information, were important factors in the success of the AI model, and may be worth further reviewing in research and clinical practice for keratoconus screening.