bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing new digital tools to augment human creative thinking at work: An application in elite sports coaching
Authors: Maiden Neil , Lockerbie James , Zachos Konstantinos , Wolf Alex , Brown Amanda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCreative thinking is desirable in many professions. This article reports new research that followed a design science approach to develop and investigate a co‐creative tool called Sport Sparks in one profession – the coaching of professional football players. In response to a coach entering a text description of a coaching challenge (e.g., struggling to maintain the fitness of an athlete) into the tool, the tool automatically generated potentially novel ideas (e.g., reducing game time and changing their nutrition) that the coach could select and/or adapt and evolve into a simple action plan (e.g., which links nutrition to increased game time). This Sport Sparks tool was designed to be an example of human‐centred artificial intelligence that aspires to empower humans, to deliver high levels of human control as well as automation, and empower people rather than emulate their expertise. It was engineered with rule‐based reasoning to automate the generation of potential new ideas that coaches could select and refine during interactions which provide high user control over this automation. The potential of such a co‐creative tool, and value of the guidelines, were demonstrated during the tool's evaluation by coaching practitioners at a Premier League football club. The practitioners used the tool to generate new ideas to coaching challenges, and reported evidence of different forms of creative thinking, although some also reported the need for more support for creative collaborations and solution planning. The paper ends by discussing future directions for both the Sport Sparks tool and other co‐creative AI tools.
Effect of interannual variations of Kuroshio–Tsushima Warm Current system on the transportation of juvenile Japanese jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) to the Pacific coast of Japan
Authors: Igeta Yosuke , Sassa Chiyuki , Takahashi Motomitsu , Kuga Mizuki , Kitajima Satoshi , Wagawa Taku , Abe Shoko , Watanabe Chikako , Setou Takashi , Nakamura Hirohiko , Hirose Naoki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecruitment of Japanese jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) has been decreasing continuously since 2000 in the Pacific coastal waters of Japan. The reasons and mechanisms for this phenomenon are still unclear. Particle‐tracking experiments were performed using a data assimilation model to elucidate the effect of a current system on the transportation processes of T. japonicus from the main spawning ground in the southern East China Sea to the Pacific coastal waters. The experiments demonstrated that T. japonicus were transported from the southern East China Sea to the Pacific waters around western Japan through the Tokara Strait, and the number of particles transported to the Pacific decreased from 2000 to 2017. The particles passing through the northwest Tokara Strait tended to be transported to the Pacific side during 2000–2005 and to the Sea of Japan during 2006–2017. The bifurcation toward the Sea of Japan was due to an amplification of the northward current where the Tsushima Warm Current originates (west of Kyushu). This change was induced by a rising sea level west of Kyushu due to Kuroshio's northward shift along the western Pacific coast of Japan, which induced the Tsushima Strait through flow to strengthen. The decrease in larval transportation due to the current system change can be one of the causes for the recruitment decline of T. japonicus along the Pacific coast.
Deconstructing the dimensions of alpha diversity in squamate reptiles (Reptilia: Squamata) across the Americas
Authors: Vásquez‐Restrepo Juan D. , Ochoa‐Ochoa Leticia M. , Flores‐Villela Oscar , Velasco Julián A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimOur aim is to document the dimensions of current squamate reptile biodiversity in the Americas by integrating taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional data, and assessing how this may vary across phylogenetic scales. We also explore the potential underlying mechanisms that may be responsible for the observed geographical diversity patterns.LocationThe Americas.Time periodPresent.Major taxaSquamate reptiles.MethodsWe used published data on the distribution, phylogeny, and body size of squamate reptiles to document the current dimensions of their alpha diversity in the Americas. We overlapped species ranges to estimate taxonomic diversity (TD) and calculated phylogenetic diversity (PD) using mean pairwise phylogenetic distance (MPD), speciation rate (DivRate) and Faith's phylogenetic index (PD). We estimated functional diversity (FD) as trait dispersion in the multivariate space using body size and leg development data. We implemented a deconstructive macroecological approach to understand how spatial mismatches between the three facets of diversity vary across phylogenetic scales, and the potential eco‐evolutionary mechanisms driving these patterns across space.ResultsWe found a strong latitudinal gradient of TD with a large accumulation in tropical regions. PD and FD patterns were largely similar likely due to the high phylogenetic signal in the traits used, and higher values tended to be concentrated in harsh and/or heterogeneous environments. We found differences between major clades within Squamata that display contrasting geographical patterns. Several regions across the continent shared the same spatial mismatches between dimensions across clades, suggesting that similar eco‐evolutionary processes are shaping these regional reptile assemblages. However, we also found evidence that non‐mutually exclusive processes can operate differently across clades.Main conclusionsThe deconstructive approach implemented here is based on a solid macroecological framework. We can extend this to other taxonomic groups to establish whether there are particularities about how different eco‐evolutionary mechanisms shape biodiversity facets in a spatially explicit context.
Re‐engaging psychology for (more) human geographies of the future
Authors: Bunnell Tim , Ng Huiying , Yeo Si Jie Ivin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent work in several fields of psychology has advanced understanding of how humans imaginatively construct, simulate and (pre‐)feel the future. These advances have not yet been substantively engaged in social and cultural geography. In this paper, we identify, review and begin to draw together scholarship in human geography and several subfields of psychology on the ways in which people imagine and navigate towards the future. The most influential existing work on the future in geography has concerned powerful institutional and discursive depictions of threatening times‐to‐come. In contrast, psychological and neuroscientific work on cognitive processes involved in prospection extends possibilities for a human geographical approach to the future considering how people relate to discursive imaginaries and spatial environments. Reinvigoration of the human geography‐psychology nexus can further critical understanding of the spatialities through which futures are imaginatively formed and felt by individuals, and are thereby brought into the realm of political and social possibility.
Overcoming the mobility bias in transnational entrepreneurship
Authors: Vorobeva Ekaterina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current article contributes to the debates on immobility in migration studies. More specifically, it aims to show and challenge mobility bias in transnational entrepreneurship; the relevant scholarship appears to overconcentrate on immigrants as major driving forces of cross‐border business relations while ignoring the contributions of nonmigrant populations. Based on the qualitative data collected from Central Asian migrant entrepreneurs in Russia, this research dispels the myth about the inertness of nonmigrants by demonstrating their utmost importance in establishing and sustaining transnational enterprises. Therefore, transnational entrepreneurship should be regarded as the result of joint efforts of both mobile and sedentary actors. The presented evidence suggests that mobility and immobility are integrally intertwined and mutually constitutive. This study calls for a more balanced and nuanced vision of how transnationalism occurs.
GR24 alleviates the adverse effects of drought stress on physiology and photosystem II function in alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.)
Authors: Yang Yuwei , Gu Mingzhou , Lu Junfeng , Li Xiaotong , Liu Dalin , Li Xin'e , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrought is a major environmental stress that limits growth and development of plants. Strigolactone, a kind of carotenoid‐derived sesquiterpenoid hormone, plays an important role in resisting abiotic stress for plants. In this study, alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) WL‐712 was sprayed with GR24 (a synthetic strigolactone analog) at the concentration of 0.1 μM for 3 days under drought stress for 1 week. The results showed that GR24 treatment could increase the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar and decrease the content of malondialdehyde, which negatively affected by drought stress in alfalfa. In addition, GR24 treatment significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase and the activities of peroxidase and catalase in alfalfa. The JIP test analysis also indicated that GR24 could alleviate photosynthesis negatively affected by drought stress. The expressions of genes related to photosynthesis were consistent with the changes of physiological indexes in alfalfa. This study indicated that GR24 could alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress on physiology and photosystem II function in alfalfa leaves.
STILL PLAYING WITH THE PAST: HISTORY, HISTORIANS, AND DIGITAL GAMES
Authors: Wright Esther 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTPlaying with the Past: Digital Games and the Simulation of History, edited by Matthew Wilhelm Kapell and Andrew B. R. Elliott, was a significant publication in the establishment of historical (digital) game studies, a field that has since continued to grow. This review essay notes some of the key interventions made by the edited collection and its scope in accounting for the complexities of digital historical games. It also reflects on what the book represented at the early stages of the discipline and the ways in which scholarly approaches have developed (or not) in the decade since its publication. In doing so, it focuses on several key areas that arose in Playing with the Past and have remained central to historical game studies. In particular, this essay examines questions of digital games’ relationship to “professional,” written history; whether games can (or need to) teach their players about the past; and the troublesome reoccurrence of and reliance on certain difficult terms, such as “historical accuracy” and “historical authenticity.” This essay argues that all three of these fundamental aspects of our current approaches to historical game studies require further criticality to build on the foundational work of Playing with the Past as well as the vital work published in the field over the last decade.
Fabrication and characterization of medium‐entropy carbide ceramics in low temperature sintering
Authors: Zou Qin , Li Zhuang , Li Yanguo , Li Shuang , Gu Haotian , He Wenquan , Luo Yongan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics were prepared by sparking plasma sintering at temperatures between 1400 and 1700°C. The effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics were investigated. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to confirm the formation of single‐phase face‐centered cubic (FCC) solid solution of the medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics prepared at a sintering temperature of 1600°C. It was found that the mechanical properties of the material were improved by solid solution strengthening during the formation of single‐phase FCC solid solution, and the best overall performance of the medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics was achieved at 1600°C, when the hardness value was 22.3 ± 1.8 GPa, the fracture toughness was 5.7 ± 0.8 MPa·m1/2, the flexural strength was 605 ± 4 MPa, and the compressive strength was 1.84 GPa. Most importantly, the addition of TiC0.4 promoted the diffusion among the elements of the medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics, which contributed to the formation of single‐phase FCC solid solution and significantly reduced the sintering temperature of the medium‐entropy carbide (W,Ti,V)C0.8 ceramics due to the effect of vacancies. This study provides a new idea for the preparation of medium‐entropy carbide ceramics.
Isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of Conopomorpha cramerella farnesol dehydrogenase
Authors: Satyaveanthan Mahasakthy‐Vijeyasri , Ng Chyan Leong , Awang Alias , Lam Kok Wai , Hassan Maizom 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn Southeast Asia, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) which is commonly known as the cocoa pod borer (CPB) moth has been identified as the most detrimental pest of Theobroma cacao L. Apart from the various side effects on human health and non‐target organisms, heavily relying on synthetic pyrethroid insecticides to control CPB infestations also increases the environmental contamination risks. Thus, developing biorational insecticides that minimally affect the non‐target organism and environment by targeting the insect growth regulation process is needed to manage the pest population. In insects, juvenile hormones (JH) regulate critical biological events, especially metamorphosis, development and reproduction. Since the physiological roles of JH III vary among different organisms, the biochemical properties, especially substrate specificity and analogue inhibition, may also be different. Therefore, studies on the JH III biosynthetic pathway enzymes in both plants and insects are beneficial to discover more effective analogues. Bioinformatic analysis and biochemical characterization of a NADP+‐dependent farnesol dehydrogenase, an intermediate enzyme of the JH III pathway, from C. cramerella (CcFolDH), were described in this study. In addition, the farnesol analogues that may act as a potent analogue inhibitor for CcFolDH ware determined using in vitro enzymatic study. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that CcFolDH shared a close phylogenetic relationship to the honeybee's short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase. The 27 kDa CcFolDH has an NADP(H) binding domain with a typical Rossmann fold and is likely a homotetrameric protein in the solution. The enzyme had a greater preference for substrate trans, trans‐farnesol and coenzyme NADP+. In terms of analogue inhibitor inhibition, hexahydroxyfarnesyl acetone showed the highest inhibition (the lowest Ki) compared to other farnesol analogues. Thus, hexahydroxyfarnesyl acetone would serve as the most potent active ingredient for future biorational pesticide management for C. cramerella infestation. Based on the bioinformatic analyses and biochemical characterizations conducted in this research, we proposed that rCcFolDH differs slightly from other reported farnesol dehydrogenases in terms of molecular weight, substrate preference, coenzymes utilization and analogue inhibitors selection.
Hysteresis in unemployment: Evidence from OECD estimates of the natural rate
Authors: Ball Laurence , Onken Joern 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the dynamics of unemployment (u) and its natural rate (u*), with u* measured by real‐time estimates for 29 countries from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. We find strong evidence of hysteresis: an innovation in u causes u* to change in the same direction, and therefore has permanent effects. For our baseline specification, a one‐percentage‐point deviation of u from u* for 1 year has a long‐run effect of 0.16 points on both variables. When we allow asymmetry, we find, perhaps surprisingly, that decreases in u have larger long‐run effects than increases in u.
A retrospective study of iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy compared with Vitapex pulpectomy for irreversible pulpitis of primary molars with the presence of coronal pulp tissue
Authors: Hu Xiaoyan , Liang Zhaojia , Wang Qun , Liu Laikui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPulpotomy has been successfully performed in immature and mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis but rarely in primary teeth.AimTo evaluate the outcomes of iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy and Vitapex pulpectomy in primary molars with irreversible pulpitis.DesignWe selected 130 primary molars of 99 patients, aged 3–7 years, diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis with coronal pulp tissue and treated with iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy or Vitapex pulpectomy (median follow‐up period: 18 months). They were divided into the pulpotomy (n = 88) and pulpectomy (n = 42) groups according to treatment procedure. The pulpotomy group was further divided into asymptomatic (n = 46) and symptomatic (n = 42) subgroups according to preoperative symptoms. The chi‐squared test and Cox regression were performed to analyze the outcomes.ResultsClinical and radiographic success rates were significantly higher in the pulpotomy group (98.9% and 95.5%) than in the pulpectomy group (88.1% and 54.8%) and did not differ significantly between asymptomatic and symptomatic pulpotomy subgroups.ConclusionIrreversible pulpitis of primary molars with coronal pulp tissue can be successfully treated with iRoot BP Plus pulpotomy. Early intraradicular resorption of materials is the main adverse outcome of Vitapex pulpectomy.
An analysis of the evolution of global financial network of the coordinated portfolio investment survey
Authors: Ahn Sang Jin , Jung Jae Woong , Koo Hyeng Keun , Ahn Seryoong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, we construct a directional global financial network using portfolio investment data from more than 200 countries during the first two decades of the 21st century and analyze the properties of the network. Through macroscopic analysis, we show that the network became denser and could be divided into central and peripheral groups. Microscopic analysis shows that, in addition to well‐known financial‐central countries, relatively less well‐known countries played important roles in the global financial network. Further, each country's per capita GDP is positively correlated with its centrality in the network, and the correlation is stronger when measured with inbound investments than when measured with outbound investments.
COVID‐19 pandemic and African innovation: Finding the good from the bad using Twitter data and text mining approach
Authors: Asare Andy Ohemeng , Sarpong Eric Ohemeng , Truong holds Ngoc , Osei‐Bonsu Patrick , Ahado Samuel , Mensah William Gyasi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigates public sentiments and the essential topics of discussion on Africa's innovation amidst COVID‐19. Web scraping techniques were used to collect and parse data from Twitter platform using the keywords “Africa Innovation COVID‐19”. A total of 54,318 cleaned English tweets were gathered and analysed using Twint Python Libraries. Our sentiment analysis findings revealed that 28,084 tweets (52 per cent) were positive, 21,037 (39 per cent), and 5197 (9 per cent) of tweets were neutral and negative, respectively, for Polarity sentiments. Notably, Healthcare, Imagination, Support, Webinar, Learning, Future, Rwanda, and Challenge were the most discussed topics on Africa's innovation during COVID‐19. The topic labelling sentiments on the themes identified were positive, neutral, and negative, respectively. The study also revealed a cluster relationship between all identified topics. The relationship among these themes divulged how COVID‐19 is positively shaping social and technological innovation in Africa. The study further presented practical implications to better position African leaders and policymakers to capitalise on the current innovation ecosystems and institutional capacities to transform the continent into a digital and innovation hub. The research concludes with theoretical recommendations and study limitations that will guide researchers and academicians in conducting future research in the subject area.
Effect on structure, stability, and H+ irradiation on Nd3+/Ru4+‐loaded iron phosphate glass for nuclear applications
Authors: Joshi Akhilesh C. , Roy Mainak , Dutta Dimple P. , Mishra Raman K. , Meena Sher Singh , Kumar Ravi , Tyagi Avesh K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNuclear energy generation technology is critically linked with the safe disposal of radioactive waste. In this context, iron phosphate glass (IPG) is gaining predominance as nuclear waste vitrification matrix that necessitates a thorough study on the effect of the loading of various nuclear fission waste materials in it. In this study, the effect of the loading of Nd3+ (which acts as a surrogate for radioactive curium (Cm)) and Ru4+ (which is a fission product of 235U) in IPG has been assessed. The optimum loading of Nd3+/Ru4+ leading to the formation of homogenous melt has been ascertained via powder X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The modification in the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio in IPG and the consequent change in its average coordination number with Nd3+/Ru4+ loading has been deduced from the Mössbauer studies. Local structure analysis has been done using X‐ray absorption spectroscopy at Nd/Ru/Fe K‐edge (as applicable) for all the single and co‐loaded IPG samples. All the co‐loaded samples show enhanced glass stability and glass forming ability compared to unloaded IPG which has been ascertained via detailed thermal studies. The variation in IPG network structure on the addition of Nd2O3 and RuO2 has been ascertained through spectroscopic techniques like Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman. The base glass and a few representative homogenous single and co‐loaded IPG samples have been irradiated with 4.5 MeV proton beam to simulate the hosting of radioactive elements and the radiation effect on glass structure has been ascertained using FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. The suitability of IPG as nuclear waste vitrification matrix for Nd3+ and Ru4+ is established through all the above analyses.
Lattice parameter fluctuations of relaxor ferroelectrics determined by X‐ray diffraction method
Authors: Feng Xinya , An Zheyi , Zhang Nan , Yang Shuai , Wang Mingwen , Wang Chao , Li Yang , Liu Xuechen , Li Fei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelaxor ferroelectrics possess prominent dielectric and piezoelectric properties thus have been utilized in many advanced electromechanical devices. However, the atomic‐scale mechanism of their excellent electromechanical properties remains vague, which hinders the development of high‐performance ferroelectrics. In this work, we investigated the lattice parameter fluctuations for Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, with a comparison of non‐relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, including BaTiO3, SrTiO3, and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, at their respective paraelectric phase by X‐ray diffraction. We found that the fluctuations of lattice parameter were much larger in relaxor ferroelectrics than that in conventional ferroelectrics in the paraelectric phase, revealing a significant distinction between relaxor ferroelectrics and conventional ferroelectrics from the respect of atomic arrangement. Transmission electron microscopy experiments and X‐ray scattering‐intensity simulations indicated that the large fluctuations of lattice parameter in relaxor ferroelectrics can be attributed to the ordered–disordered arrangement of B‐site cations at the nanoscale. This work offers a new method to study the chemical arrangement difference between relaxor ferroelectrics and conventional ferroelectrics and may help us to explore the atomic‐scale origin of ultrahigh piezoelectric properties in relaxor ferroelectrics.