bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis of the whole-transcriptome of sheep skeletal muscle reveals the ceRNA regulation network related to muscle fiber formation in sheep
Authors: Fang Meiying , Cui Ran , Kang Xiaolong , Liu Yufang , Li Zhen , Liu Ximing , Chan Shuheng , Wang Yubei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The different muscle fiber types are closely related to meat quality. Tan sheep is famous for the fur breed of China, and the meat quality is among the best in various sheep breeds. The mutton of Tan sheep have many characteristics including tender, juicy, nutritious and unique flavor. In this study, the high-throughput RNA sequencing was used to identify the expression profiles of coding and non-coding RNAs from longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris samples obtained from Tan sheep, Dorper sheep and their hybrid Dutanhan sheep. Results: The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the proportion of slow-twitch fibers in longissimus dorsi tissue in Tan sheep (about 11.247%) was significantly higher than that in Dorper sheep (about 5.408%) (P<0.05). A total of 819 difference expression (DE) lncRNAs, 354 DE circRNAs, 139 DE mRNAs, and 36 DE miRNAs were identified in high and low slow-twitch fiber ratio groups. Several key genes involved in signaling pathways that form different types of muscle fibers, including protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 (PRKAA2), EF-hand domain family member B (EFHB), folliculin interacting protein 2(FNIP2) and L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain (LDHA), had significantly different levels of expression in the two muscle tissues. Functional analysis suggested that the differentially expressed transcripts are involved in biological processes such as FoxO signaling pathways, AMPK signaling pathway and Ca2+ signaling pathway. There were 26 lncRNAs, 115 circRNAs, 21 miRNAs and 4 genes formed 70 mRNA-miRNA, 31 lncRNA-miRNA, and 158 circRNA-miRNA interaction relationships, suggesting that complex regulatory networks of coding and non-coding genes underlie the muscle fiber formation in Tan sheep. The functional prediction results showed that many of these DE circRNAs, such as novel_circ_0017336, novel_circ_0007039, novel_circ_0017132, competing to bind with miR-23a, might act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to control PRKAA2, EFHB and FNIP2 level, respectively. RT-qPCR validation for randomly selected 4 DEGS (PRKAA2, EGR1, MYL3 and FBXL5), 5 DEMs (miR-26a, miR-308-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-495-3p and miR-23a), and 4 DECs (circ_0017336, circ_0017132, circ_0017430, and circ_0007039) expression patterns were highly consistent with those obtained by RNA-Seq.Conclusion: Our study provides a foundation for understanding how lncRNA, circRNA, miRNA and genes interact to regulate muscle fiber formation in Tan sheep, Dorper sheep and their hybrid. We also constructed lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–gene interaction networks to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying muscle fiber formation. The results extend our knowledge about the diversity of meat trait among different domestic animals and provide a foundation for studying novel mechanisms that control meat trait in Chinese indigenous sheep.
Rediscovering one’s identity: A qualitative meta-synthesis study on the resilience experiences of family caregivers of patients with dementia
Authors: Chang Sung Ok , Kim Eun Young 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aims: To integrate the results of qualitative research on the resilience experiences of family caregivers for patients with dementia.Design: A qualitative meta-synthesis study was conducted. Methods: Five electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) were used in a comprehensive literature search. We used meta-ethnography methods and systematically reviewed. Results: Through the process, three themes emerged: ‘Seeing life as a caregiver as one’s duty’, ‘Setting boundaries in life’, ‘Moving forward toward a developing life.’ These themes illustrated how family caregivers of patients with dementia overcome the adversities they encounter. Conclusion: This study shows the positive power of family caregivers of patients with dementia possess for overcoming their difficult situation. The results of this study suggest an important direction that can lead to positive ways to solve the problems of caring for dementia patients while reducing the suffering of caregivers and improving their quality of life.
Investigating Health Service Availability and Readiness for Antenatal Testing and Treatment for HIV and Syphilis in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Saweri Olga PM , Batura Neha , Pulford Justin , Khan M.Mahmud , Hou Xiaohui , Pomat William S , Vallely Andrew J , Wiseman Virginia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Papua New Guinea (PNG) has one of the highest burdens of HIV and syphilis in pregnancy in the Asia-Pacific region. Timely and effective diagnosis can alleviate the burden of HIV and syphilis and improve maternal and newborn health. Supply-side factors related to implementation and scale up remain problematic, yet few studies have considered their impact on antenatal testing and treatment for HIV and syphilis. This study explores health service availability and readiness for antenatal HIV and/or syphilis testing and treatment in PNG.Methods: Using data from two sources, we demonstrate health service availability and readiness. Service availability is measured at a province level as the average of three indicators: infrastructure, workforce, and antenatal clinic utilization. The readiness score comprises 28 equally weighted indicators across four domains; and is estimated for 73 health facilities. Bivariate and multivariate robust linear regressions explore associations between health facility readiness and the proportion of antenatal clinic attendees tested and treated for HIV and/or syphilis.Results: Most provinces had fewer than one health facility per 10 000 population. On average, health worker density was 11 health workers per 10 000 population per province, and approximately 22% of pregnant women attended four or more antenatal clinics. Most health facilities had a composite readiness score between 51% and 75%, with urban health facilities faring better than rural ones. The multivariate regression analysis, when controlling for managing authority, catchment population, the number of clinicians employed, health facility type and residence (urban/rural) indicated a weak positive relationship between health facility readiness and the proportion of antenatal clinic attendees tested and treated for HIV and/or syphilis.Conclusion: This study adds to the limited evidence base for the Pacific region. There is a need to improve antenatal testing and treatment coverage for HIV and syphilis and reduce healthcare inequalities faced by rural and urban communities. Shortages of skilled health workers, tests, and medicines impede the provision of quality antenatal care. Improving service availability and health facility readiness are key to ensuring the effective provision of antenatal care interventions.
Impact of COVID-19 symptoms on social aspects of life among female long haulers: A qualitative study
Authors: Aghaei Atefeh , Zhang Ran , Taylor Slone , Tam Cheuk-Chi , Yang Chih-Hsiang , Li Xiaoming , Qiao Shan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Persistent COVID-19 symptoms (long COVID) may bring numerous challenges to long haulers' social lives. Women may have to endure more profound impacts given their social roles and existing structural inequality. This study aims to explore the impacts of long COVID on various aspects of social life among female long haulers.Methods: We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with female long haulers in the United States purposely recruited from Facebook groups, Slack group, and organization websites. The interviews were audio recorded after appropriate consent and transcribed verbatim. Inductive approach was applied in thematic analysis, which consists of six stages: becoming familiar with data, developing initial codes, extracting themes, refining themes, labeling themes, and reporting. The MAXQDA software was used in data analysis.Results: Participants reported persistent symptoms that negatively affected their social lives in many ways. The main impacts included physical limitation, financial hardship, social relationship, conflict of social roles, and social stigma. Negative effects of long COVID hindered female long haulers’ recovery process. Social isolation, COVID-19 associated stigma, and conflicts of social roles cause tremendous stress. Employers’ support and social media usage may play positive role in their coping with impacts of long COVID on their social life.Conclusion: Existing policies and intervention programs need to be adapted to address the challenges and barriers that long haulers face in returning to normal social life, especially for females. Tailored social life-related recommendations and social support are needed for female long haulers.
Insulin resistance in people living with HIV is associated with exposure to thymidine analogues and/or didanosine and prior immunodeficiency
Authors: Nielsen Susanne Dam , Høgh Julie , Hove-Skovsgaard Malene , Gelpi Marco , Jensen Anne Marie Reimer , Gerstoft Jan , Benfield Thomas , Storgaard Heidi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: As people living with HIV (PLWH) are growing older, there is increased incidence of metabolic diseases, including diabetes, for which insulin resistance (IR) is a key determinant. In this study, we aimed to investigate risk factors associated with insulin resistance in PLWH.Methods: We included well-regulated PLWH without hepatitis co-infection, and with available fasting serum insulin and plasma glucose (n=643) from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection Study. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We investigated the association between risk factors and high HOMA-IR in a logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, abdominal obesity, smoking status, and origin. When including use of thymidine analogues and/or didanosine in the model, we also adjusted for time with HIV.Results: Median [IQR] age of PLWH was (IQR) age was 52 years (46-61), 87% (n=557) were male. Median [IQR] insulin resistance was 1.86 [1.23-3.14] mmol/L x mU/L. Risk factors significantly associated with insulin resistance included age, BMI ≥25, abdominal obesity, use of thymidine analogues and/or didanosine, duration of treatment with antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ nadir < 200.Conclusions: Insulin resistance in PLWH is associated with both use of thymidine analogues and/or didanosine and prior immunodeficiency suggesting that increased attention on blood glucose in these patients could be beneficial.
Muscle Oxygenation and Time to Task Failure of Submaximal Holding and Pulling Isometric Muscle Actions and Influence of Intermittent Voluntary Muscle Twitches
Authors: Dech Silas , Bittmann Frank N. , Schaefer Laura V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Isometric muscle actions (IMA) can be performed either by initiating the action, e.g., pulling on an immovable resistance (PIMA), or by reacting to an external load, e.g., holding a weight (HIMA). In the present study, it was mainly examined if these forms could be differentiated by oxidative variables as well as by time to task failure (TTF). Furthermore, it was analyzed if variables are changed by intermittent voluntary muscle twitches during weight holding (Twitch). It was assumed that twitches during a weight holding task turn the character from reacting (≙ HIMA) to acting (≙ PIMA). Methods: Twelve subjects (two drop outs) performed HIMA and randomly PIMA or Twitch with the elbow flexors at 60% of maximal torque maintained until muscle failure with each arm. Capillary venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and relative hemoglobin amount (rHb) were measured by white light spectrometry. Results: Within subjects, no significant differences were found between tasks regarding the behavior of SvO2 and rHb, the slope and extent of deoxygenation, SvO2 level at global rHb minimum, and time to SvO2 steady states. The TTF was significantly longer during Twitch and PIMA (incl. Twitch) compared to HIMA (p = 0.043 and 0.047, respectively). There was no substantial correlation between TTF and maximal deoxygenation independently of the task (r = –0.13). Conclusions: HIMA and PIMA seem to have a similar microvascular oxygen and blood supply. The supply might be sufficient, which is expressed by homeostatic steady states of SvO2 in all and increases in rHb in most of the trials. Intermittent muscle twitches might not serve as a further support but extend the TTF. A changed neuromuscular control is discussed as possible explanation.
Impact of In-store music on Customers, Owners, and Employees in India
Authors: Bandwal Lovish , Tripathi Sarvesh , Singh Tripti 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Music has the power to evoke emotional responses and helps to improve humans mental states. Music is mostly thought of more as an entertainment source but it can also be used to accomplish other objectives like enhancing retail experience, making unity, improving psychological behaviour. Background music played in stores can shape customers' sense of how much time they spend in a store, what to purchase, and how much to spend. In this study, the research was focused on how to enhance the customer music listening experience in retail stores. The multi-brand stores and big retail stores have their own music recommendation from music experts or music managers. In many local stores, owners play songs according to their own mood and liking. The wrong music selection affects the experience of customers and employees. For this research, fashion retail stores from multi-brand stores to locally-owned shops in Celebration Mall, Udaipur were selected. In the mall, it was observed that out of 30 fashion stores 24 stores were not playing background music. The purpose of this project is to enhance the retail shop experience in Indian stores through the use of music by following user-centric processes and researching all possible solutions to users' needs.
Impact energy and the risk of injury to motorcar occupants in the front-to side vehicle collision
Authors: Ziubiński Mateusz , Prochowski Leon , Dziewiecki Krzysztof , Szwajkowski Patryk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effects of a road accident where one vehicle hits its front on the side of another one are explored. In such cases, the impacted vehicle’s side is usually significantly deformed, which causes a risk of serious injury to vehicle occupants. An analysis of the front-to-side collision covers many non-linear and highly complex processes, especially when it is based on the collision energy balance. For the analysis, a model of a front-to-side motorcar collision and a dummy representing the impacted vehicle’s driver was prepared. The model simulations carried out were supplemented with important experimental test results. The model validation and the drawing of conclusions from research results were based on crash test results. The shares of major components in the front-to-side collision energy balance were determined. The impact energy has been proposed as an alternative predicate of the road accident effects; as a measure of the effects, the risk of injury to vehicle occupant’s head and torso is considered. The model simulations were found to be in good conformity with experimental test results. The research results enabled determining the relation between the side impact energy and the risk of dummy’s head and torso injuries according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale. The relation obtained was approximated using the logit model. This relation helps to reconstruct road accidents and to improve the car side’s passive safety systems. A discussion of the results obtained has shown good consistence between the results of this work and other comparable research results.
Evaluation of Anti-Quorum Sensing Effect and Biological Activity studies of Novel Synthesized Boron Compounds As An Alternative Portential Against Microbial Resistance
Authors: temel hamdi , Atlan Metin , Ertaş Abdulselam , Erdönmez Demet , Çalışkan Ufuk Koca 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Boronic acid compounds and natural flavonoid compound quercetin were handled to synthesize novel two ligands encoded as B1(2,2'-(1,4-phenylenebis (benzo [1,3,2] dioxaborole-2,5-diyl)) bis (3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H- chromen-4-one) and B2 (3.3.6. 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(2-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxaborol-5-yl)-4H-chromene-4). Antioxidant activities of synthesized compounds were examined in vitro. Antioxidant features of B1 and B2 were investigated by 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and CUPRIC reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Anticholinesterase effects of ligands were determined by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase methods, cytotoxic effects of ligand (B2) were applied to healthy breast and colon cancer cell lines by MTT method, as well as urease and tyrosinase enzyme activities were determined. Moreover, antibacterial properties of the compounds were analyzed by detecting their anti-QS potentials on Chromobacterium violaceum biosensor system. Both compounds were found to have significant antioxidant effects compared to controls. It was determined that the compound B1 at 1-10 µg / mL was more active than the standards (α-TOC and BHT). It was determined from some enzyme activity studies of B1 and B2 compounds that acetylchoinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibitions were higher than the standard used. In addition, in vitro antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm tests were performed. As expected, boron derivatives exhibited good activity against the biofilm of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and P. aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Biofilm analysis proved the inhibitory effect of boron derivatives by disrupting biofilm formation, reducing the thickness of biofilms and the number of viable bacteria. These results demonstrate the potential applicability of boron derivatives in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections and provide a practical strategy for the design of new boron-based antimicrobial materials. It was determined that compound B2 did not show any toxic effect on living cell lines and breast and colon cancer cell lines.
Identification Of New Sources Of Rice Genotypes (Oryza Sativa L.) Tolerant To Cold Stress
Authors: Entele Kidist Tolosa , Edema Richard , Lamo Jimmy , Tilahun Nigat , Abebe Desta , Kebede Worku 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rice crop is adversely affected by cold stress which is a common problem in the highland areas of central East Africa (Uganda, Rwanda, north east Tanzania and Kenya) and Madagascar. Cold stress is known to cause 26% to 80% yield loss. Currently, rice production in Uganda is mostly growing to the low altitude areas as there is lack of cold-tolerant varieties that can grow in the higher altitudes of the country. None of the released varieties in Uganda are tolerant cold. The few cold-tolerant lines that have been identified are short-grain types, though Ugandan consumers generally prefer long-grain size. This research aimed at identifying new sources of cold tolerant rice genotypes with preferred traits. A total of 50 lines arranged in a 5x10 alpha lattice design with two replications were used for both stressed and non-stressed experiments. Twenty one (21) days old seedlings were stressed at 10oC in cold air for 10 days and the other remained under normal ambient temperature. IRRI Standard Evaluation System (SES, 2013) was used to score the effect of cold stress on leaf morphology (leaf wilting score) and on leaf color (leaf yellowing score) after 7 day recovery. This study revealed eight highly cold tolerant (SCRID091-20-2-2-4, GIZA 177, NERICA 1, MET P27, MET P23, MET P60, MET P20 and MET P5) in which only GIZA 177 was short grain and fifteen tolerant varieties (MET P32, MET P11, MET P2, MET P17, MET P3, MET P24, MET P16, MET P37, MET P18, MET P9, MET P40, MET P31, MET P39, MET P22, MET P36) were identified.
Measuring the skin microbiome after a 3% aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dysbiosis using ATP biofluorescence
Authors: Gruber James V , Riemer Jed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Since its complete mapping in 2008, the human skin microbiome has become an important area of research related to skin health. The human skin is populated by an environment of microorganisms, fungi, insects, and viruses that is collectively known as the microbiome. Measuring the skin’s microbial diversity can be done but is a sophisticated technique that is performed using expensive instruments that can detect the 16S ribosomal RNA of the microorganisms. Finding more rapid and less costly methods to analyze the changes in the skin’s microbial biome is desirable.Results: A study was conducted on thirty (30) inner volar forearms to determine whether Adenosine Triphospate (ATP) biofluorescence could be employed to examine skin microbial dysbiosis caused by the application of 3% hydrogen peroxide. Fifteen individuals were examined on both arms, both arms having a test site and a control site, for a total of thirty inner volar forearms using a Charm Science NovaLum ATP analyzer [Andover, MA] to examine in a broad sense the skin’s total microbial population and how it is affected after surface treatment with 3% hydrogen peroxide over a 24-hour period. It was found that surface treatment of the skin with three cotton swab applications of 3% hydrogen peroxide five minutes apart was able to statistically significantly suppress the expression of ATP fluorescence compared against non-swabbed sites, and the effects remained significant for six hours following the H2O2 treatment. After 8 hours and 24 hours, the ATP biofluorescence difference returned to nonstatistical significance, indicating the potential return of the stable microbiome.Conclusion: Using ATP biofluorescence to detect possible sanitizer-induced microbial dysbiosis may be a rapid way to examine how skin treatments may impact the return of microbially disrupted skin to its normal state and how surface treatments may impact the rate of return to normal after a disruptive event.
Synthesis, Antitumor Activity and Structure-activity Studies of Novel Pyridoxine-based Structural Analogs of Saccharumoside-B
Authors: Pugachev Mikhail V. , Agafonova Maria N. , Gnezdilov Oleg I. , Romanova Ekaterina I. , Balakin Konstantin V. , Shtyrlin Yurii 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, a series of novel pyridine- and pyridoxine-based saccharumoside-B derivatives were synthesized, and their antitumor activity on nine human tumor cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, A-498, SNB-19, M-14, NCI-H322M, HCT-115, HCT-116, PC-3) and cytotoxicity on three conditionally normal cell lines (HEK-293, Chang Liver, MSC) were studied in comparison with camptothecin, doxorubicin and saccharumoside-B. Structure-activity patterns, and in particular the contribution to antitumor activity of the peripheral fragments of the studied pharmacophore were analyzed. Our synthetic explorations also allowed us to propose a new efficient approach to the synthesis of saccharumoside B, which was used as a reference drug.