bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a fully consistent Milky Way disk model
Authors: Sysoliatina K. , Just A. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The semi-analytic Just-Jahreiß (JJ) model of the Galactic disk is a flexible tool for stellar population synthesis with a fine age resolution of 25 Myr. The model has recently been calibrated in the solar neighbourhood against the Gaia DR2 stars. We have identified two star-formation bursts within the last ∼4 Gyr of the local star-formation rate (SFR) history.
Aims. In this work we present a generalised version of the JJ model that incorporates our findings for the solar neighbourhood and is applicable to a wide range of galactocentric distances, 4 kpc ≲R ≲ 14 kpc.
Methods. The JJ model includes the four flattened and two spheroidal components of the Milky Way, describing it as an axisymmetric system. The thin and thick disks, as well as atomic and molecular gas layers, are assumed to have exponential radial surface density profiles. Spherical stellar halo and dark matter in the form of a cored isothermal sphere are also added to the model. The overall thickness of the thin disk is assumed to be constant at all radii, though model realisations with a flaring disk can also be tested. The adopted radial variation in the thin-disk SFR reflects the inside-out disk growth scenario. Motivated by our findings for the solar neighbourhood, we allow a smooth power-law SFR continuum to be modified by an arbitrary number of Gaussian peaks. Additionally, the vertical kinematics of the stellar populations associated with these episodes of star-formation excess is allowed to differ from the kinematics prescribed by the age-velocity dispersion relation for the thin-disk populations of the same age.
Results. We present a public code of the JJ model complemented by the three sets of isochrones generated by the stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code (PARSEC), the Modules and Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST), and a Bag of Stellar Tracks and Isochrones (BaSTI). Assuming a plausible set of parameters, we take the first step towards calibrating the JJ model at non-solar radii. Using metallicity distributions of the red clump giants from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), we constrain the radial variation of the JJ-model age-metallicity relation and propose a new analytic form for the age-metallicity relation function.
Conclusions. The generalised JJ model is a publicly available tool for studying different stellar populations across the Milky Way disk. With its fine age resolution and flexibility, it can be particularly useful for reconstructing the thin-disk SFR, as a variety of different SFR shapes can be constructed within its framework.
Hemolytic Disease of Newborn due to ABO Incompatibility between B Blood Group Mother and A Blood Group Neonate
Authors: Routray Suman S. , Mishra Debasish , Kanungo Girija N. , Behera Rachita 
Published: July 2022

AbstractABO incompatibility between O blood group mother and non–O blood group neonate is common. It rarely causes anemia and hyperbilirubinemia in neonate, requiring invasive management. Direct antiglobulin test may be positive in these cases with immunoglobulin (Ig)-G antibody specificity. There are few cases of hemolytic disease of newborn due to ABO incompatibility between mother and newborn with non ̶ O blood group mother. After obtaining consent from the patient, we reported a case of incompatibility in a B blood group mother and A blood group neonate, and it was managed with phototherapy.
Differences in the Outcome of Colonic Atresia with and without Abdominal Wall Defects
Authors: Schmedding Andrea , Hutter Martin , Gfroerer Stefan , Rolle Udo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Colonic atresia (CA) is a very rare disease. Two entities of CA can be differentiated: primary CA and CA with abdominal wall defects (AWD). This study aimed to investigate the differences between these two entities, especially for long-term outcomes.
Materials and Methods Data from the major health insurance company (AOK) were analyzed. Sixty-two patients with ICD-10 codes Q42.1–2 and Q42.8–9 (atresia of the colon and rectum) who underwent surgery within 10 days after their first admission between 2007 and 2016 were obtained.
Results Twenty-nine patients had an AWD, and 33 patients had primary colonic atresia (PCA). Significant differences between patients with PCA and AWD were found regarding prematurity but not for other concomitant malformations. Ostomy was the initial therapy of choice for 87.9% (29/33) of patients with PCA and 65.5% (19/29) with AWD. Central venous access was significantly more often in patients with AWD. Overall, patients with CA have an excellent short-term outcome. The 1-year mortality was 3% (1/33) in PCA and 6.9% (2/29) in AWD. Delayed management did not lead to higher mortality. Higher number of admission days and higher hospital costs were related to gastrostomy and short bowel in the long term.
Conclusion The long-term outcome of CA is related to short bowel and need for initial gastrostomy but not related to AWD, prematurity, or associated anomalies.
Citizens’ response to a non-responsive government: the case of the Swiss Initiative on Mass Immigration
Authors: Armingeon Klaus , Lutz Philipp 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn times of contested globalization, democratic governments have increasing difficulties to reconcile international obligations with domestic political demands. Unresponsiveness to domestic constituents due to international constraints may threaten to undermine democratic legitimacy. We assess how citizens react to non-responsive governments in the case of a high-stake direct-democratic vote in Switzerland. The 2014 referendum on restricting immigration from the European Union failed in its implementation because of the EU's refusal to negotiate the free movement rights of its citizens. How did Swiss citizens adapt their policy preferences to this implementation failure? Drawing on original survey data, we show that citizens overwhelmingly did not adapt their policy preferences; rather, they rationalized the implementation failure in an effort to protect their ideological and partisan orientations. The results suggests that governments face major challenges to convey constrained policy choices to their citizens.
On the choice of shape and size for truncated cluster-based x-ray spectral simulations of 2D materials
Authors: Zhang Jun-Rong , Wang Sheng-Yu , Ge Guoyan , Wei Minrui , Hua Weijie , Ma Yong 
Published: July 2022

Truncated cluster models represent an effective way for simulating x-ray spectra of 2D materials. Here, we systematically assessed the influence of two key parameters, the cluster shape (honeycomb, rectangle, or parallelogram) and size, in x-ray photoelectron (XPS) and absorption (XAS) spectra simulations of three 2D materials at five K-edges (graphene, C 1s; C3N, C/N 1s; h-BN, B/N 1s) to pursue the accuracy limit of binding energy (BE) and spectral profile predictions. Several recent XPS experiments reported BEs with differences spanning 0.3, 1.5, 0.7, 0.3, and 0.3 eV, respectively. Our calculations favor the honeycomb model for stable accuracy and fast size convergence, and a honeycomb with ∼10 nm side length (120 atoms) is enough to predict accurate 1s BEs for all 2D sheets. Compared to all these experiments, predicted BEs show absolute deviations as follows: 0.4–0.7, 0.0–1.0, 0.4–1.1, 0.6–0.9, and 0.1–0.4 eV. A mean absolute deviation of 0.3 eV was achieved if we compare only to the closest experiment. We found that the sensitivity of computed BEs to different model shapes depends on systems: graphene, sensitive; C3N, weak; and h-BN, very weak. This can be attributed to their more or less delocalized π electrons in this series. For this reason, a larger cluster size is required for graphene than the other two to reproduce fine structures in XAS. The general profile of XAS shows weak dependence on model shape. Our calculations provide optimal parameters and accuracy estimations that are useful for x-ray spectral simulations of general graphene-like 2D materials.
Factors influencing the success of hand-reared juvenile brushtail possums (
Authors: Mella Valentina S. A. , Gillies Callum , McArthur Clare , Webb Elliot , Herbert Catherine 
Published: July 2022

Context Wildlife is ubiquitous in urban environments, resulting in frequent interactions with humans and human infrastructure. The result of these interactions is often negative, in the form of road injury, orphaning of dependent young or eviction from natural home ranges. Wildlife rehabilitation programmes are devised to counter these negative interactions. However, the success of current management strategies is rarely assessed. Aims We aimed to determine whether short-term survival of juvenile hand-reared common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) released in the wild was a function of (1) intrinsic factors such as sex, individual personality and level of human habituation, and (2) extrinsic factors such as release practice (soft vs hard-release) or location (urban vs rural). We also evaluated the relationship between habituation to humans and time spent in care by possums, if presence of conspecifics during the rehabilitation process influenced the development of individual personality, and if this differed in hand-raised animals compared with wild individuals. Methods We radio-tracked and monitored 20 hand-reared juvenile possums (10 females and 10 males) for up to 40 days after release in the wild. Key results Eight possums (40%) survived until the end of the study, nine possums (45%) were killed by foxes or had to be returned into care and three possums (15%) had unknown fates (i.e. lost VHF signal). We found that more exploratory individuals and those less human-habituated were more likely to be successful in the wild in both rural and urban areas, whether or not they were hard or soft released. Conclusions Our results suggest that personality is a key criterion to consider when evaluating the success of rehabilitation programmes. Behavioural traits of hand-reared brushtail possums differed significantly from those of wild individuals, showing that captive conditions can affect the development of personality. Hand-reared possums that spent more time in care were also more likely to display highly human-habituated behaviours. Implications By demonstrating which factors influence success of hand-reared wildlife after release in the wild, our results help in evaluating current rearing and release practices, and improve the evidence base for developing best practice wildlife rehabilitation guidelines.
Probing the topological surface states in superconducting Sn4Au single crystal: a magneto transport study
Authors: Sharma M M , Rani Poonam , Awana V P S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Materials exhibiting bulk superconductivity along with magnetoresistance (MR) in their normal state have emerged as suitable candidates for topological superconductivity. In this article, we report a flux free method to synthesize single crystal of topological superconductor candidate Sn4Au. The phase purity and single crystalline nature are confirmed through various characterizations viz. x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Chemical states of the constituent element viz. Sn and Au are analysed through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Superconductivity in synthesized Sn4Au single crystal is evident form ρ-T plot, for which the critical field (H
c) is determined through ρ-H plot at 2 K i.e. just below critical temperature T
c. A positive MR is observed in ρ-H measurements at different temperatures above T
c, viz. at 3 K, 5 K, 10 K and 20 K. Further, the magnetoconductivity (MC) is analysed by using Hikami–Larkin–Nagaoka formalism, which signifies the presence of weak antilocalization (WAL) effect in Sn4Au. Angle dependent magneto-transport measurement has been performed to detect the origin of observed WAL effect in Sn4Au single crystal. Normalized MC vs Hcosθ plot shows presence of topological surface states in the studied system. It is evident that Sn4Au is a 2.6 K topological superconductor.
M-neighbor approximation in one-qubit state transfer along zigzag and alternating spin-1/2 chains
Authors: Fel’dman E B , Zenchuk A I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We consider the M-neighbor approximation in the problem of one-qubit pure state transfer along the N-node zigzag and alternating spin chains governed by the XXZ-Hamiltonian with the dipole-dipole interaction. We show that always M > 1, i.e., the nearest neighbor approximation is not applicable to such interaction. Moreover, only all-node interaction (M = N − 1) properly describes the dynamics in the alternating chain. We reveal the region in the parameter space characterizing the chain geometry and orientation which provide the high-probability state-transfer. The optimal state-transfer probability and appropriate time instant for the zigzag and alternating chains are compared.
Phosphorescence in cooled organic materials—temporal kinetics and spectral memory effect
Authors: Tsipenyuk D Yu , Voropinov A V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The results are presented of the study of long-term phosphorescence in solid solutions of materials at cryogenic temperatures. In this way we continue the series of our works devoted to studying the physical mechanism of excitation of the long-term phosphorescence and prospects for creating effective laser media based on an analogue of the Shpolsky matrix. The earlier unknown effect of spectral memory in solids is discovered to occur in organic solutions in response for excitation of phosphorescence by the mercury-lamp radiation.
Micro-ECG-monitoring system based on arduino with bluetooth feature
Authors: Das S , Roy S , Ghosh S , Mukherjee S , Bhattacharya U , RoyChowdhury B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of India's most deadly diseases, with a 4.77 million annual death rate in 2020 [1]. CVD rates have risen from 1.6 percent to 7.4 percent in rural areas and from 1 percent to 13.2 percent in urban areas [1]. Electrocardiogram (ECG) devices, which monitor the heart's activity, are far too expensive to be used for personal care. In this project, we created a low-cost device using an Arduino (UNO/MEGA) microprocessor and a Real-time ECG graph display feature. The main instrument for measuring the pulse is the AD8232 sensor, which converts the sense-voltage obtained from ECG electrodes placed on the body. Integrating Arduino microcontroller (Uno/Mega) and Bluetooth module HC-05, the ECG readout may be presented on a mobile phone's monitor in real-time 24x7. The ECG simul externally attached can provide the accurate 12-lead ECG that depicts the patients' current health status in real time. This portable ECG has produced a satisfactory outcome in terms of production costs.
Role of dopants in tuning spintronic features of lithium doped g-C4N3@Lin =1 to 4
Authors: Mitra Shankar Prasad , Biswas Ajit , Dey Souradip , Roy Utsab , Bhowmick Rinki , Chattopadhyaya Mausumi , Dutta Tanmoy , Chakraborty Jit , Sen Sabyasachi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report herein, charge transfer assisted tuning of electronic and spintronic feature of g-C4N3@Lin=1-4 systems. Complete removal of spintronic feature is observed at the doping concentration 14.28%. At lower doping concentration, half metallic feature is observed with clear manifestation of negative differential resistance, which is predominant at n=3. We also noticed significant modifications in current-voltage characteristics as the number of dopants flips from odd to even numbers. Observed feature is mainly attributed to increased charge transfer from Li atom to the g-C4N3 backbone at higher doping concentration and concomitant enhancement in electron-electron interactions. These observations are in corroboration with molecular orbital picture obtained at various doping concentrations.
An Efficient Epileptic Seizure Detection Technique using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Machine Learning Classifiers
Authors: Guharoy Rabel , Jana Nanda Dulal , Biswas Suparna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an epilepsy detection method based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with Machine learning classifiers. Here DWT has been used for feature extraction as it provides a better decomposition of the signals in different frequency bands. At first, DWT has been applied to the EEG signal to extract the detail and approximate coefficients or different sub-bands. After the extraction of the coefficients, Principal component analysis (PCA) has been applied on different sub-bands and then a feature level fusion technique is used to extract the main features in low dimensional feature space. Three classifiers name: Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, K-Nearest-Neighbor (KNN) classifier, and Naive Bayes (NB) classifier have been used in the proposed work for classifying the EEG signals. The raised method is tested over Bonn databases and provides a maximum of 100% recognition accuracy for KNN, SVM, NB classifiers.
A framework for the digital competencies for teaching in science education – DiKoLAN
Authors: Thoms Lars-Jochen , Kremser Erik , Kotzebue Lena von , Becker Sebastian , Thyssen Christoph , Huwer Johannes , Bruckermann Till , Finger Alexander , Meier Monique 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In order to systematically introduce (prospective) teachers to teaching in the digital world and to lay the foundations for concepts that are meaningful in terms of physics education, essential aspects of learning with and via digital media must be conveyed. In addition to cross-curricular competencies, it is essential to consider subject-specific competencies for the natural sciences since the formation of subject-specific knowledge on the use of digital media in the classroom (TPACK) is the decisive factor for acceptance behaviour and the intention for later use. The questions remain as to what core competencies must be built up by all (prospective) science teachers by the end of their studies and in which sections of university teacher training this should take place. Since no competence frameworks specific to the teaching of science were previously available, nine researchers from eight universities came together to develop a suitable orientation framework. As a result, this contribution presents the structured and graded framework “DiKoLAN – Digitale Kompetenzen für das Lehramt in den Naturwissenschaften [Digital Competencies for Teaching in Science Education]” (see https://dikolan.de).
Use of ICT and Multimedia in The Central Exams: Experiences in the Netherlands:
Authors: Smeets P H H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There is much that can be said about the competences of teachers and students needed to learn ICT and Multimedia in the Physics curriculum. The same applies to the teaching and assessment of those competences. Essentially, we are concerned with the goals of the education and the goals of the assessment. If we are concerned with the process of learning, formative assessment is appropriate, but if we want to know what has been learnt, summative assessment, using assignments with scoring instructions is better. In the Netherlands we have a context-based exam curriculum in which specific contexts have been prescribed since the 80s. So, schoolbooks, and as a result of that, most of the Physics lessons are context-based as well. Because of the principle “test what you teach”, all exam questions are context-based too. With the help of ICT (data acquisition, video-analysis modelling, data-analysis or a simulation program) a lot of problems on several subjects are becoming more clear. Teachers and students can use software like COACH for doing measurements on film fragments and modelling the results. In the COMPEX project in the Netherlands, working over 3 levels corresponding to lower vocational, higher vocational and pre-university education, we used Applets, Excel, Data processing, video measurements and modeling in the tests. Because the students used the same software in their lessons, they had the skills to use the software. The questions and answers were on paper. The purpose of the project was to assess the skills competences they learned in the physics lessons.
Developing procedural knowledge in secondary education students
Authors: Taramopoulos Athanasios , Psillos Dimitrios 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This pilot study examines the development of procedural knowledge in high school students after being subjected to an innovative context-specific inquiry-based Teaching Learning Sequence (TLS) utilizing an open virtual AC electric circuit laboratory environment. Instruction aimed at developing students’ knowledge on experiment design and implementation through explicit teaching of scientific experimentation procedures. After instruction, students appear to have significantly advanced both their procedural and conceptual knowledge with a strong positive correlation between them. Thus, it seems that, when teachers enrich instruction with explicit teaching of the experimentation steps and metacognition-enhancing activities, students may develop their procedural knowledge along with conceptual knowledge.
System thinking skills: a questionnaire to investigate them
Authors: Zanella S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim is to make available in Italian a tool for measuring the system thinking skills of students aged between 10 and 14 years. The System Thinking Assessment (STA), developed and validated in Greek for students in Cyprus, has been translated, adapted and digitized so that it can be used as a small- and large-scale survey method in Italy. Two fifth-grade elementary school classes, a total of 43 students, were chosen as pilot classes for the administration of the test. This allowed us to determine the timeline for administering it in an average time of 30 minutes. To assess the difficulty of the test connected with the age group, an analysis of the item difficulty and discrimination index was made. This, together with the comments asked to the participants, led to the conclusion that the STA is suitable and usable for Italian 10-year-old students and can be used for the construction of a pathway connected with system thinking.
Work Group 5 Position Paper: Strategies for Pre-service Physics Teacher Education
Authors: Couso D , Fazio C , Ješková Z 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pre-service physics teacher education is key in preparing prospective physics teachers to effectively support student learning and interest development alike. In order to do this, pre-service teachers must acquire, among other things, a profound teaching-oriented content knowledge and positive stance regarding teaching and motivation towards teaching. However, there are many more issues related to pre-service physics teacher education. In this paper, we report about some questions raised and answers proposed about this subject during the GIREP Malta 2020 Webinar Work Group 5 discussions.