bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine mammal consumption and fisheries removals in the Nordic and Barents Seas
Authors: Skern-Mauritzen Mette , Lindstrøm Ulf , Biuw Martin , Elvarsson Bjarki , Gunnlaugsson Thorvaldur , Haug Tore , Kovacs Kit M , Lydersen Christian , McBride Margaret M , Mikkelsen Bjarni , Øien Nils , Víkingsson Gísli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, we assess prey consumption by the marine mammal community in the northeast Atlantic [including 21 taxa, across three regions: (I) the Icelandic shelf, Denmark Strait, and Iceland Sea (ICE); (II) the Greenland and Norwegian Seas (GN); and (III) the Barents Sea (BS)], and compare mammal requirements with removals by fisheries. To determine prey needs, estimates of energetic requirements were combined with diet and abundance information for parameterizing simple allometric scaling models, taking uncertainties into account through bootstrapping procedures. In total, marine mammals in the ICE, GN, and BS consumed 13.4 [Confidence Interval (CI): 5.6–25.0], 4.6 (CI: 1.9–8.6), and 7.1 (CI: 2.8–13.8) million tonnes of prey year–1. Fisheries removed 1.55, 1.45, and 1.16 million tonnes year–1 from these three areas, respectively. While fisheries generally operate at significantly higher trophic levels than marine mammals, we find that the potential for direct competition between marine mammals and fisheries is strongest in the GN and weakest in the BS. Furthermore, our results also demonstrate significant changes in mammal consumption compared to previous and more focused studies over the last decades. These changes likely reflect both ongoing population recoveries from historic whaling and the current rapid physical and biological changes of these high-latitude systems. We argue that changing distributions and abundances of mammals should be considered when establishing fisheries harvesting strategies, to ensure effective fisheries management and good conservation practices of top predators in such rapidly changing systems.
Last mile logistics: Research trends and needs
Authors: Demir Emrah , Syntetos Aris , van Woensel Tom 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aspiring green agendas in conjunction with tremendous economic pressures are resulting in an increased attention to the environment and technological innovations for improving existing logistics systems. Last mile logistics, in particular, are becoming much more than a consumer convenience necessity and a transportation optimization exercise. Rather, this area presents a true opportunity to foster both financial and environmental sustainability. This paper investigates recent technological advancements and pending needs related to business and social innovations, emphasizing green logistics and city logistics concepts. We discuss various pertinent aspects, including drones, delivery robots, truck platooning, collection and pickup points, collaborative logistics, integrated transportation, decarbonization and advanced transport analytics. From a mathematical perspective, we focus on the basic features of the vehicle routing problem and some of its variants. We provide recommendations around strategies that may facilitate the adoption of new effective technologies and innovations.
Minimal degrees and downwards density in some strong positive reducibilities and quasi-reducibilities
Authors: Chitaia Irakli , Ng Keng Meng , Sorbi Andrea , Yang Yue 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider three strong reducibilities, $s_{1}, s_{2}, Q_{1}$ (where we identify a reducibility $\leqslant _r$ with its index $r$). The first two reducibilities can be viewed as injective versions of $s$-reducibility, whereas $Q_1$-reducibility can be viewed as an injective version of $Q$-reducibility. We have, with proper inclusions, $s_{1} \subset s_{2} \subset s$. It is well known that there is no minimal $s$-degree, and there is no minimal $Q$-degree. We show on the contrary that there exist minimal $\varDelta ^{0}_{2}$$s_{2}$-degrees and minimal $\varDelta ^{0}_{2}$$s_{1}$-degrees. On the other hand, both the $\varPi ^{0}_{1}$$s_{2}$-degrees and the $\varPi ^{0}_{1}$$s_{1}$-degrees are downwards dense. By the isomorphism of the $s_1$-degrees with the $Q_1$-degrees induced by complementation of sets, it follows that there exist minimal $\varDelta ^0_2$$Q_1$-degrees, but the c.e. $Q_{1}$-degrees are downwards dense.
Characterization of an autonomous pathway complex that promotes flowering in Arabidopsis
Authors: Qi Pei-Lin , Zhou Hao-Ran , Zhao Qiang-Qiang , Feng Chao , Ning Yong-Qiang , Su Yin-Na , Cai Xue-Wei , Yuan Dan-Yang , Zhang Zhao-Chen , Su Xiao-Min , Chen Shan-Shan , Li Lin , Chen She , He Xin-Jian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although previous studies have identified several autonomous pathway components that are required for the promotion of flowering, little is known about how these components cooperate. Here, we identified an autonomous pathway complex (AuPC) containing both known components (FLD, LD and SDG26) and previously unknown components (EFL2, EFL4 and APRF1). Loss-of-function mutations of all of these components result in increased FLC expression and delayed flowering. The delayed-flowering phenotype is independent of photoperiod and can be overcome by vernalization, confirming that the complex specifically functions in the autonomous pathway. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with sequencing indicated that, in the AuPC mutants, the histone modifications (H3Ac, H3K4me3 and H3K36me3) associated with transcriptional activation are increased, and the histone modification (H3K27me3) associated with transcriptional repression is reduced, suggesting that the AuPC suppresses FLC expression at least partially by regulating these histone modifications. Moreover, we found that the AuPC component SDG26 associates with FLC chromatin via a previously uncharacterized DNA-binding domain and regulates FLC expression and flowering time independently of its histone methyltransferase activity. Together, these results provide a framework for understanding the molecular mechanism by which the autonomous pathway regulates flowering time.
Melanoma-Specific Clinical Outcomes of Inpatient Immune Checkpoint Blockade Treatment
Authors: Loo Kimberly , Kalvin Hannah L , Panageas Katherine S , Park Vivian , Postow Michael A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Little is known about patient outcomes with advanced melanoma following inpatient initiation or continuation of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).

Methods and Results
We conducted a single institution retrospective case series of advanced melanoma patients who initiated ICB as an inpatient (initial inpatient cohort, n = 9), or continued ICB as an inpatient after previously starting as an outpatient (outpatient then inpatient cohort, n = 5). One patient had a partial response to ICB initiated as an inpatient, but ultimately died of melanoma after 13.5 months. Median overall survival for initial inpatient cohort was 1.0 month (95% CI: 0.2-11.2), and 1.4 months (95% CI: 0.4-58.0) for the outpatient then inpatient cohort. Three patients were alive &gt;6 months after inpatient ICB administration.

Conclusion
Despite overall poor outcomes, some patients may benefit from inpatient ICB. This study provides additional information for clinicians to appropriately counsel patients on expectations following inpatient ICB.
A Risk-based Theory of Exchange Rate Stabilization
Authors: Hassan Tarek A , Mertens Thomas M , Zhang Tony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe develop a novel, risk-based theory of the effects of exchange rate stabilization. In our model, the choice of exchange rate regime allows policymakers to make their currency, and by extension, the firms in their country, a safer investment for international investors. Policies that induce a country’s currency to appreciate when the marginal utility of international investors is high lower the required rate of return on the country’s currency and increase the world-market value of domestic firms. Applying this logic to exchange rate stabilizations, we find a small economy stabilizing its bilateral exchange rate relative to a larger economy can increase domestic capital accumulation, domestic wages, and even its share in world wealth. In the absence of policy coordination, small countries optimally choose to stabilize their exchange rates relative to the currency of the largest economy in the world, which endogenously emerges as the world’s “anchor currency”, Larger economies instead optimally choose to float their exchange rates. The model therefore predicts an equilibrium pattern of exchange rate arrangements that is remarkably similar to the one in the data.
Guselkumab provides sustained domain-specific and comprehensive efficacy using composite indices in patients with active psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Coates Laura C , Ritchlin Christopher T , Gossec Laure , Helliwell Philip S , Rahman Proton , Kollmeier Alexa P , Xu Xie L , Shawi May , Karyekar Chetan S , Contré Christine , Noël Wim , Sheng Shihong , Wang Yanli , Xu Stephen , Mease Philip J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of guselkumab for the treatment of active PsA utilizing composite indices.MethodsData were pooled from the phase 3 DISCOVER-1 (n = 381) and DISCOVER-2 (n = 739) studies. In both studies, patients were randomized 1:1:1 to subcutaneous guselkumab 100 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W); guselkumab 100 mg at week 0, week 4, then Q8W; or placebo Q4W with crossover to guselkumab 100 mg Q4W at week 24. Composite indices used to assess efficacy through week 52 included Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), minimal disease activity (MDA), and very low disease activity (VLDA). Through week 24, treatment failure rules were applied. Through week 52, non-responder imputation was used for missing data.ResultsGreater proportions of guselkumab- than placebo-treated patients achieved DAPSA low disease activity (LDA) and remission, PASDAS LDA and VLDA, MDA, and VLDA at week 24 vs placebo (all unadjusted P &lt; 0.05). At week 52, in the guselkumab Q4W and Q8W groups, respectively, response rates were as follows: DAPSA LDA, 54.2% and 52.5%; DAPSA remission, 18.2% and 17.6%; PASDAS LDA, 45.3% and 41.9%; PASDAS VLDA, 16.9% and 19.5%; MDA, 35.9% and 30.7%; and VLDA, 13.1% and 14.4%. In the placebo-crossover-to-guselkumab group, response rates for all composite indices increased after patients switched to guselkumab, from week 24 through week 52.ConclusionTreatment with guselkumab provided robust and sustained benefits across multiple PsA domains through 1 year, indicating that guselkumab is an effective therapy for the diverse manifestations of PsA.Trial registrationNCT03162796; NCT03158285
Clinical Value of Histologic Endometrial Dating in Women With Thin Endometrial Lining During Frozen-Thawed Blastocyst—Stage Embryo Transfer: A Retrospective Case Series [A348]
Authors: Jayakumaran Jayapriya , Maldonado Kiara , Trolice Mark 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
To evaluate the pregnancy outcome of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles from patients with inadequate endometrium (IE) but “in-phase” histologic endometrial dating.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective pilot study of patients between the years of 2014 and 2020 who underwent a standard hormonal endometrial preparation for FET that had been canceled due to IE defined as a maximum thickness <8 mm following up to 35 days of estradiol supplementation. Endometrial biopsy was performed for histologic dating using the criteria of Noyes et al after 9–11 days of progesterone supplementation. Women who were determined to have “in-phase” endometrium underwent a subsequent FET cycle in the following month, utilizing the same endometrial proliferation method and transferred of at least one good-quality blastocyst. The EMT goal was determined from the previous cycle. The primary outcome was the live birth rate. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation was calculated using SPSS software v23.

RESULTS:
A total of 21 women were included. The mean age was 38.2±6.7 years. The mean endometrial thickness was 6.4±0.5 mm. Seventeen women (81%) demonstrated endometria that were “in-phase” on histological dating and underwent a subsequent FET cycle: The mean number of embryos transferred was 1.47±0.6, the live birth rate was 35.3% (6/17); clinical pregnancy rate was 47% (8/17); miscarriage rate was 11.8%. There was no correlation between age and endometrial thickness (Pearson Correlation Coefficient R=0.08, P=.7).

CONCLUSION:
Histologic dating in women with a prior canceled FET due to IE is a potentially reliable method to allow the opportunity for a successful FET with comparable outcomes to the National Average (SART National Summary Report for 2018).
Latent growth trajectories of county-level diabetes prevalence in the United States, 2004–2017, and associations with overall environmental quality
Authors: McAlexander Tara P. , Jagai Jyotsna S. , McClure Leslie A. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased in the United States, and recent studies suggest that environmental factors contribute to T2D risk. We sought to understand if environmental factors were associated with the rate and magnitude of increase in diabetes prevalence at the county level.

Methods:
We obtained age-adjusted diabetes prevalence estimates from the CDC for 3,137 US counties from 2004 to 2017. We applied latent growth mixture models to these data to identify classes of counties with similar trends in diabetes prevalence over time, stratified by Rural Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC). We then compared mean values of the US EPA Environmental Quality Index (EQI) 2006–2010, overall and for each of the five domain indices (air, water, land, sociodemographic, and built), with RUCC-specific latent class to examine associations of environmental factors and class of diabetes prevalence trajectory.

Results:
Overall diabetes prevalence trends between 2004 and 2017 were similar across all RUCC strata. We identified two classes among metropolitan urbanized (RUCC 1) counties; four classes among non-metro urbanized (RUCC 2) counties; and three classes among less urbanized (RUCC 3) and thinly populated (RUCC 4) counties. Associations with overall EQI values and class of diabetes prevalence trends differed by RUCC strata, with the clearest association between poor air EQI and steeper increases in diabetes prevalence among rural counties (RUCC 3 and 4).

Conclusions:
Similarities in county-level diabetes prevalence trends between 2004 and 2017 were identified for each RUCC strata, although associations with environmental factors varied by rurality.
REPAIR OF THE EXIT WOUND OF A PERFORATING GLOBE INJURY WITH THE AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE: A SURGICAL ADJUVANT FOR EARLY VITRECTOMY
Authors: Hondur Ahmet M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To describe the use of the amniotic membrane for the repair of the exit wound of a perforating injury involving the retina and the choroid.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 46-year-old man presented one day after a perforating ocular injury with an exit wound close to the inferior temporal retinal vascular arcade. The next day, the patient underwent a combined vitrectomy and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. During vitrectomy, a retinochoroidectomy was performed at the exit wound and the internal limiting membrane was peeled over the macula and up to the exit wound. Laser retinopexy was followed by plugging of a piece of the amniotic membrane to the exit wound. A second piece of the amniotic membrane was used to cover the bare retinochoroidectomy area. The surgery was concluded with a silicone exchange. Postoperatively, no sign of proliferative vitreoretinopathy was observed, and at 3 months, the silicone oil was removed. The follow-up was uneventful, and the eye achieved a final visual acuity of 20/30.

Conclusion:
The amniotic membrane may offer a simple and safe solution for the repair of the exit wounds of perforating injuries involving the retina and the choroid. The use of the amniotic membrane for this purpose may afford the opportunity for early vitrectomy in the management of perforating ocular injuries.
Twenty Four Hour Intraocular Pressure Indicators Distinguish Normal Tension Glaucoma from Healthy Eyes Measured with a Contact Lens Sensor
Authors: Tojo Naoki , Hayashi Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

Précis:
The cut-off values of CLS

Purpose:
We conducted the present study to determine (1) the best factor for distinguishing normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and non-glaucoma subjects based on the intraocular pressure (IOP) values measured by a contact lens sensor (CLS) and (2) the optimal cut-off values of that factor.

Subjects and Methods:
The eyes of 18 non-glaucoma subjects and 26 NTG patients were examined. We evaluated five indicators: maximum IOP value, standard deviation (SD), IOP fluctuation range, the cosine-fit curve amplitude, and the amplitude of dual-harmonic regression values. We determined the indicators’ cut-off values to distinguish between non-glaucoma subjects and NTG patients with the area under the curve (AUC).

Results:
The mean IOP values were 12.3±2.7 mmHg in the non-glaucoma eyes and 12.5±3.1 mmHg in the NTG eyes (P=0.824). All five indicators were significantly higher in the NTG group. The best factor to distinguish the non-glaucoma subjects and NTG patients was the IOP fluctuation range (P<0.0001, AUC=0.844); the cut-off level value was 436.5 millivolt equivalents.

Conclusions:
24 hour IOP measurements with a CLS showed that among IOP indicators studied, the range of IOP fluctuation was most important and significantly larger in NTG eyes compared to non-glaucoma eyes.
The Diagnosis of Burnout
Authors: Parker Gordon , Tavella Gabriela 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Burnout is a topic of high public and research interest, but debate remains as to how the syndrome should best be defined, measured, and diagnosed. In this article, we overview how issues relating to burnout's definition and measurement as well as the debate surrounding its overlap with depression have led to ambiguity surrounding its diagnostic status. We argue for a broader conceptualization of burnout and detail why we position it as distinct from depression, before providing recommendations for clinicians when considering a burnout diagnosis. We highlight that all measures of burnout risk “false-positive” diagnoses and that they should more be viewed as screening strategies with a definitive diagnosis (of “burning out” or “being burnt out”) requiring close clinical assessment and exclusion of alternate psychological and physical conditions.
COVID-19 Survivors' Intensive Care Unit Experiences and Their Possible Effects on Mental Health
Authors: Telatar Tahsin Gökhan , Telatar Ayça , Hocaoğlu Çiçek , Hızal Ayşe , Sakın Mustafa , Üner Sarp 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It is known that being hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) for any reason is a risk factor for future psychiatric problems. This qualitative study aims to identify the experiences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ICU survivors and provide insights for relevant mental health problems after being discharged. Participants were COVID-19 patients discharged from ICUs of a secondary care hospital. The experiences of 21 ICU survivors were evaluated using Colaizzi's 7-step approach, which were determined by the purposeful sampling method. There were three themes generated from the interviews as “emotions on COVID-19 diagnosis,” “feelings about ICU stay and health care providers,” and “life in the shadow of COVID-19.” Two subthemes for every single theme were generated, and a total of 19 codes were extracted. It is essential to understand the individual's unique experiences in designing preventive interventions and apply individual preventive mental health interventions during ICU stay.
Risk Factors of Serious Bacterial Infection in Previously Healthy Children Older Than 90 Days Old With Fever and Neutropenia
Authors: Mora-Capín Andrea , Lorente-Romero Jorge , Hernanz-Lobo Alicia , Rivas-García Arístides , Vázquez-López Paula , Carrascosa-García Paula , González-Hermosa Andrés , Mena-Huarte Juncal , Pérez-Saez María Amalia , Nadal Gemma , García-de-Diego Irene , Marañón-Pardillo Rafael ,   Research Network of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergencies (RISeuP-SPERG)
Published: June 2022

Background
The main objective was to determine the clinical or analytical factors that independently predict risk of serious bacterial infection (RSBI) in immunocompetent patients older than 90 days given a diagnosis of fever and for whom neutropenia was an incidental finding. The secondary objective was to describe the prevalence of serious bacterial infections (SBIs).

Methods
This is a 3-year-long, multicenter, prospective analytical and observational study carried out at 6 pediatric emergency departments. Data for epidemiological, clinical, and analytical variables were collected.

Results
One hundred forty patients with febrile neutropenia (60.7% mild, 39.3% moderate to severe) were recruited. Serious bacterial infection incidence was 15.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9–21): 1 Invasive Bacterial Infection (Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia), 10 urinary tract infections, 8 pneumonias, and 2 cellulitis. Median total neutrophil counts per microliter showed no statistically significant differences (P = 0.512; 1000 [750–1200] in SBI patients vs 1100 [800–1300] in non-SBI patients). Higher RSBI was observed in patients with neutrophils less than 20% relative to total leukocytes (SBI, 15, 26.3%) than in those with neutrophils of 20% or greater (SBI, 6, 7.2%) (odds ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.7–12.7). In patients with greater than 5000 leukocytes/μL, a percentage of neutrophils less than 20% was related to a greater RSBI with a trend toward statistical significance (odds ratio, 6.1; 95% CI, 0.7–51.1; P = 0.066). The clinical variables did not show a significant association with RSBI.

Conclusions
None of the clinical or analytical variables assessed were associated with the RSBI. However, according to a post hoc analysis, in patients with greater than 5000 leukocytes/μL, a neutrophil percentage less than 20% could be an independent risk factor for SBI. A thorough physical examination and basic diagnostic tests (urinalysis and chest x-ray) may help to establish a diagnosis of SBI in the vast majority of cases.