bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Life-Enhancing Architecture
Authors: Johansen Robert C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Strengthening international legal processes and establishing new institutional architecture to enable and require desirable state conduct is probably the most important action that the United States can take to reduce armed conflict and foster human freedom. To design global institutions that can be built now without bringing unacceptable risks and that lead toward more far-reaching structural changes down the road can advance needed system change to achieve human security. Especially promising are opportunities to strengthen global governance with more robust lawmaking and law-enforcing institutions; to establish a more effective global system to monitor weapons of mass destruction, nations’ war-making potential, and gross violations of human rights; to create a standing, individually recruited multinational police force; to establish a world environmental council; to expand economic and educational opportunities enough to end extreme poverty; and to start a democratic global people’s assembly and regular online communication among the world’s democratically elected legislators.
Building Human Security
Authors: Johansen Robert C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Because successful US security policies in the future will require implementing the correlates of peace rather than simply maximizing US military power, forward-looking policymakers and citizens will need to exert substantial pressures within the United States, as well as to build support from friendly transnational social movement organizations, to bring desired policies into being. To achieve change at home and to engage effectively abroad necessitates bolstering US democracy by requiring the electoral college to follow the popular vote; reducing gerrymandering; stopping voter suppression; encouraging honest public debate and civic education on global issues; countering threats to democratic integrity from officials’ dishonesty, populism, social media amplification of falsehoods, and the influence of huge monetary contributions on electoral and legislative processes; and broadening US national interests to serve the human security needs of all. Transnational networking also helps to address increasing democratic deficits that every country encounters from growing interdependence and globalization.
Where the Evidence Leads
Authors: Johansen Robert C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This book’s synthesis of peace research and security studies shows, ironically, that US security can be better served by turning away from the national security paradigm of political realism and toward a broader human security paradigm of “empirical realism.” US security benefits are likely to be greater from maximizing the correlates of peace than from maximizing US military power. Tempering narrow nationalism with increased respect for human dignity can help implement the correlates of positive reciprocity, equity, human security, enhanced international law, and democratic global governance. Progress in these areas would enable transforming the existing militarized-balance-of-power system into a more complex global governing system that empowers transnational political, economic, environmental, religious, and other influences to move all states’ conduct toward serving the common good. A global grand strategy for human security, which would include US security within it, can succeed where a national grand strategy for US security is likely to fail.
Introduction
Authors: Bulutgil H. Zeynep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter fulfills five goals: (1) it provides and discusses the conceptual definition of institutional secularization that the rest of the analysis uses and distinguishes this concept from neighboring ones such as religious liberty;(2) it describes and critically evaluates the existing arguments that emphasize the role of throne-altar relations, rational actor competition, or economic modernization; (3) it summarizes the theory of the book on the emergence of secular movements and their success or failure; (4) it outlines the research design and, in the process, highlights the role of each empirical chapter in the methodological approach of the book; and (5) it presents the roadmap for the rest of the book.
Comparative Historical Analysis II
Authors: Bulutgil H. Zeynep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents the comparative historical analysis of Turkey and Morocco from eighteenth century onward. The chapter analyses the differences between Turkey, where a secularizing political movement appeared relatively early and established secular institutions by the 1920s, and Morocco, where such movements did not appear until the late twentieth century and have not yet introduced secular institutions. For Ottoman Turkey, the discussion delves into the role of modern schools, bureaucracies, and newspapers in the emergence of the secular political movement. It also discusses why the religious reformists were historically weak compared to the seculars, and why the religious reformist challenge that has emerged since 1970s has been able to introduce adjustments that have eroded secular institutions. For Morocco, the discussion concentrates on why religious reformist parties emerged much earlier than their secular counterparts, how secular political movements eventually appeared in 1970s, and why they have encountered an uphill battle in fulfilling their goals.
Analyzing the Conceptual Border
Authors: Bulutgil H. Zeynep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses the question of whether the theoretical insights of the book can account for why some cases of institutional secularization remain closer to the conceptual border that separates secularized systems from nonsecular ones. The chapter focuses on two cases, the United Kingdom and Tunisia, to address this question. Both cases fall under the category of secularized systems as defined in this book, but both also display characteristics that make them less secular than comparable cases such as France and Turkey. The UK became progressively more secular between 1828 and 1870, but this institutional trend stopped short of disestablishing the Anglican Church in England. Tunisia also adopted a set of reforms including a secularized family law but kept sharia-inspired laws on inheritance and Islam as state religion. The chapter shows that the book’s arguments on timing and organization account for the softer version of secularism in these cases.
Conclusion
Authors: Bulutgil H. Zeynep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter concludes by summarizing the main contributions of the book around four themes: (1) the existence of multiple types of reformism; (2) the role of ideas and their dissemination; (3) the role of civil society organizations; and (4) the salience of timing, sequence, and path dependence. Each section outlines the specific theme, its role in the argument of the book, and the empirical evidence that pertains to it. The discussion in each section also delves into the broader implications of each theme for theories of political institutions, state formation, and modernization.
Documentary's Expanded Fields
Authors: Kim Jihoon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Documentary's Expanded Fields: New Media and the Twenty-First-Century Documentary offers a theoretical mapping of contemporary non-standard documentary practices enabled by the proliferation of new digital imaging, lightweight and non-operator digital cameras, multiscreen and interactive interfaces, and web 2.0 platforms. These emergent practices encompass digital data visualizations, digital films that experiment with the deliberate manipulation of photographic records, documentaries based on drone cameras, GoPros, and virtual reality (VR) interfaces, documentary installations in the gallery, interactive documentary (i-doc), citizens' vernacular online videos that document scenes of the protests such as the Arab Spring, the Hong Kong Protests, and the Black Lives Matter Movements, and new activist films, videos, and archiving projects that respond to those political upheavals.&#x2028;Building on the interdisciplinary framework of documentary studies, digital media studies, and contemporary art criticism, Jihoon Kim investigates the ways in which these practices both challenge and update the aesthetic, epistemological, political, and ethical assumptions of traditional film-based documentary. Providing a diverse range of case studies that classify and examine these practices, the book argues that the new media technologies and the experiential platforms outside the movie theater, such as the gallery, the world wide web, and social media services, expand five horizons of documentary cinema: image, vision, dispositif, archive, and activism. This reconfiguration of these five horizons demonstrates that documentary cinema in the age of new media and platforms, which Kim labels as the “twenty-first-century documentary,” dynamically changes its boundaries while also exploring new experiences of reality and history in times of the contemporary crises across the globe, including the COVID-19 pandemic.
Expanded Activism
Authors: Kim Jihoon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter positions citizens’ vernacular online videos within the larger field of participatory culture in which documentary is expanded in sync with political upheavals across the globe since the late 2000s, from the Arab Spring and the Occupy Wall Street to the recent mass protests in Hong Kong and the United States for democracy and social change. It argues that the rapid developments of Web 2.0 platforms and social media rekindle and update the participatory mode of documentary cinema and its activist tradition, on the one hand. At the same time, however, this chapter further contends that the technologies’ activation of citizens’ direct engagement with the production and circulation of factual records fundamentally transforms the traditional definitions of activist documentary forms and media while also generating their political effects, on the other. In order to demonstrate the synergetic coevolution of the two domains within the larger fields of the global protests, I propose the concept of “hybrid docmedia ecosystem,” classifying and examining the types of citizens’ vernacular videos produced and circulated within it.
The Silk Road
Authors: Winter Tim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Evocative and enigmatic, the Silk Road occupies a unique place in contemporary culture and international affairs. Across the world, it has captured the imagination as a story of camel caravans crossing desert and mountain, of precious goods moving between East and West, and of ideas, religions, and technologies migrating across land and sea. As China seeks to “revive” the Silk Roads for the twenty-first century, this compelling, yet poorly understood, narrative of history now serves as a platform for building trade, diplomatic, infrastructure, and geopolitical connections. The Silk Road: Connecting Histories and Futures is the first book to critically investigate the merits and problems of this fabled geocultural narrative of history and map out the role it plays in international affairs. Four thematic sections trace its rise to global fame as a domain of scholarship and foreign policy and as a celebration of peace and internationalism and how it created dreams of exploration and grand adventure. China’s Health Silk Road and civilizational politics are among the themes discussed that open up the Silk Roads as a space for critical enquiry. Pathbreaking in its analysis, The Silk Road; Connecting Histories and Futures presents an entirely new reading of this increasingly important concept, one that is likely to remain at the center of world affairs for decades to come. Crossing borders and topics, the book sits at the intersection of world and cultural history, international relations, and cultural theory and will be of interest to scholars and general readers alike.
Swami Vivekananda's Vedāntic Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Medhananda Swami 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Swami Vivekananda, the nineteenth-century Hindu monk who introduced Vedānta to the West, is undoubtedly one of modern India’s most influential philosophers. Unfortunately, his philosophy has too often been interpreted through reductive hermeneutic lenses. Typically, scholars have viewed him either as a modern-day exponent of Śaṅkara’s Advaita Vedānta or as a “Neo-Vedāntin” influenced more by Western ideas than indigenous Indian traditions. Swami Vivekananda’s Vedāntic Cosmopolitanism rejects both of these prevailing approaches to offer a new interpretation of Vivekananda’s philosophy, highlighting its originality, contemporary relevance, and cross-cultural significance. Vivekananda, the book argues, is best understood as a cosmopolitan Vedāntin who developed novel philosophical positions through creative dialectical engagement with both Indian and Western thinkers. Inspired by his guru Sri Ramakrishna, Vivekananda reconceived Advaita Vedānta as a nonsectarian, life-affirming philosophy that provides an ontological basis for religious cosmopolitanism and a spiritual ethics of social service. He defended the scientific credentials of religion while criticizing the climate of scientism beginning to develop in the late nineteenth century. He was also one of the first philosophers to defend the evidential value of supersensuous perception on the basis of general epistemic principles. Finally, he adopted innovative cosmopolitan approaches to long-standing philosophical problems. Bringing him into dialogue with a galaxy of contemporary philosophers, the book demonstrates the sophistication and enduring value of Vivekananda’s views on the limits of reason, the dynamics of religious faith, and the hard problem of consciousness.
Introduction
Authors: Medhananda Swami 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The introduction discusses some of the textual difficulties relating to The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda and then outlines the cosmopolitan hermeneutic approach to Vivekananda’s philosophy that will be adopted throughout the book. At the methodological level, one of the primary aims of the book is to reconstruct Vivekananda’s philosophical views on a wide range of issues, including the nature of God, the ontological status of the world, the ontological basis of ethics, religious pluralism, the epistemology of mystical experience, the powers and limits of reason, the dynamics of religious faith, and the hard problem of consciousness. However, the book also makes a sustained case that Vivekananda’s philosophical positions and arguments are not merely of historical interest. Drawing upon the recent work of Jonardon Ganeri, the book argues that Vivekananda was an “immersive cosmopolitan” philosopher who developed innovative philosophical ideas by rethinking aspects of his own inherited Indian tradition and critically engaging a variety of Western thinkers.
Grounding Religious Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Medhananda Swami 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Chapter 3 argues that Vivekananda’s views on the harmony of religions evolved from 1893 to 1901 in three phases. In the first phase from September 1893 to March 1894, Vivekananda defended the equal salvific efficacy of the major world religions but claimed that a “universal religion” that would harmonize all the world religions was an “ideal” that did not yet exist. In the second phase from September 1894 to May 1895, he claimed that the universal religion already exists in the form of Vedānta, which he expounded in terms of the “three stages” of Dvaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, and Advaita. However, by late 1895, he abandoned his earlier attempt to ground the harmony of religions in the three stages of Vedānta. Instead, he held that every religion corresponds to at least one of the four Yogas, each of which is a direct and independent path to salvation.
Perceiving God
Authors: Medhananda Swami 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Central to Vivekananda’s doctrine of the science of religion is the controversial assumption that supersensuous experience is a genuine source of knowledge. He defended this assumption by presenting a sophisticated argument for the epistemic value of supersensuous perception, which this chapter reconstructs and further develops. One of the key premises of Vivekananda’s argument for the epistemic value of supersensuous perception is an epistemic principle of perceptual justification that he adapted from traditional Indian pramāṇa epistemology—namely, svataḥ-prāmāṇyatā, the doctrine of the “intrinsic validity” of cognitions defended by Bhāṭṭa Mīmāṃsakas and Vedāntins. On this basis, he argues that we are justified in believing the testimony of mystics who claim to have directly perceived supersensuous realities. The chapter refines and develops Vivekananda’s argument for the epistemic value of supersensuous perception into a seven-premise argument by drawing upon Vivekananda’s own ideas as well as contemporary analytic philosophy.
Epilogue
Authors: Medhananda Swami 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the dominant scholarly paradigms for studying modern Hinduism and Vedānta is the “Neo-Vedāntic” paradigm inaugurated by the German Indologist Paul Hacker (1913–1979). According to Hacker, modern Indian figures such as Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan were “Neo-Hindus” who championed “pseudo-Vedāntic” philosophies shaped more by Western values than by indigenous Hindu traditions. Strikingly, countless contemporary scholars continue to refer to modern Vedāntins like Vivekananda and Aurobindo as “Neo-Vedāntins,” even though many of these scholars reject—either in part or in full—Hacker’s specific arguments about the primarily Western provenance of modern Vedāntic ideas. The epilogue interrogates this seemingly benign practice and defends what it takes to be a more nuanced and fruitful “cosmopolitan” hermeneutic approach to modern Indian thinkers.
State Laughter
Authors: Dobrenko Evgeny , Jonsson-Skradol Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Stalinist reign of terror was not all gloom and darkness. Much of it was, or aimed to be, entertaining, full of laughter and joy. This book explores how, and why, humor was a necessary component of one of the most oppressive regimes of the twentieth century. It covers a variety of genres, from film comedy to satirical theatre, from war caricature to court speeches at show trials, from Stalin’s political writings to traditionally bawdy folk verses and fables. The authors combine close textual analysis with reflections on genres of the comic in general. The book offers the first comprehensive analysis of state-sponsored humoristic genres of popular culture in Stalin’s Soviet Union. Tracing the development of genres associated with official humor, satire, and comedy of the Stalin era from the late 1920s to the early 1950s, the authors argue against the conventional view that humor was a feature mostly of subversive texts of the time. According to the authors, satire and popular humor were a foundational element instilling state ideology and legitimizing Stalinist culture. The book is grounded in Soviet intellectual and cultural history and, more generally, in literary theories of laughter and the comic. The authors introduce, and demonstrate possible applications for, a number of innovative concepts.
Introduction
Authors: Dobrenko Evgeny , Jonsson-Skradol Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the introduction, some general approaches to the phenomenon of Soviet laughter and the most common misperceptions are discussed. These include the classical Sovietological vision of laughter as by definition democratic, anti-hierarchical and anti-establishment. The nature of the concept of “state laughter” is introduced, as an alternative to the approaches that do not do justice to the historical reality of the period. The chapter also surveys the main works on the topic of the book, clarifying the methodological approaches used by the authors. In addition, it explains the structure of the book with a detailed description of each chapter, with reference to the genres and works analyzed.
The Soviet Bestiary
Authors: Dobrenko Evgeny , Jonsson-Skradol Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter looks at Soviet satirical fables, from the first post-revolutionary years (Dem’ian Bednyi) to the decades of established socialism (Sergei Mikhalkov), via the little-known peasant poet Ivan Batrak. These texts were typical for the Soviet culture, but most untypical in the general allegorical tradition: Aesopian language that supported the official regime. The analysis follows through the progression from the raw violence of post-revolutionary years, translated in a very particular type of allegorical humor, to the routine devices of allegorical satire in the years of established socialism, when it became possible to use whole blocks of references as minimal recognizable units of the new type of allegory and to turn boredom into a special experience of humor.
Metalaughter
Authors: Dobrenko Evgeny , Jonsson-Skradol Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This last chapter of the book discusses meta-laughter on the example of the most popular musical comedies of the Stalinist era, whose subject was Soviet laughter itself. This self-reflection emphasizes the important place occupied by laughter in the Stalinist order, where official discourse and low culture were closely interrelated. Their synthesis gave birth to one of the main principles of Socialist Realism ‒ that of popular spirit, which made it possible for the authorities to create the image of the People as the highest legitimizing instance of the authorities themselves. This ideological perpetuum mobile was the most essential trait of the culture of Stalinism.
Futures of work
Authors: Anwar Mohammad Amir , Graham Mark 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
If the future of work in Africa is to contain decent jobs and fair outcomes for African workers, we need to ensure that we appropriately conceptualize the transnational networks in which digital jobs are embedded. Employers and workers, through the affordances of digital technologies, are seeking each other out on genuinely planetary labour markets, escaping some of the constraints that previously bound them exclusively to their local labour markets. A planetary labour market of digital work that can go anywhere does not necessarily mean that it exists nowhere. Economic production is embedded in socio-political and cultural contexts. Thus, to create a better future for workers in Africa, state and its institutions, trades unions, and civil society organizations, must rise to the challenge of not just thinking globally, but also acting globally if we want a planetary labour market to represent anything other than a global race to the bottom.