bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Minds at Work: development of a digital line manager training programme
Authors: Blake H , Vaughan B , Bartle C , Yarker J , Munir F , Marwaha S , Russell S , Meyer C , Hassard J , Thomson L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Mental ill health is the leading cause of sickness absence with high economic burden. Workplace interventions aimed at supporting employers with prevention of mental ill-health in the workforce are urgently required. Managing Minds at Work (MMW) is a digital intervention targeting support for line managers in any work setting to promote better mental health at work through a preventative approach.

Objectives
To describe the design and development of the MMW digital training programme, prior to feasibility testing. We adopted a collaborative participatory design involving co-design (users as partners) and principles of user-centred design (pilot and usability testing). Agile methodology was used to co-create intervention content with a stakeholder community of practice. Development processes were mapped to core elements of the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions.

Results
The program covers five broad areas: (i) promoting self-care techniques among line managers; (ii) designing work to prevent work-related stress; (iii) management competencies to prevent and reduce stress; (iv) having conversations with employees about mental health; (v) building a psychologically safe work environment. Pilot and usability testing (n = 37 surveys) aligned with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) demonstrated that MMW was perceived to be useful, relevant, and easy to use by managers across sectors, organization types and sizes. We identified positive impacts on manager attitudes and behavioural intentions related to preventing mental ill-health and promoting good mental well-being at work.

Conclusions
MMW is a digital training programme for line managers that has been co-created using rigorous development processes and aims to support employers with primary prevention in mental health. The next step is to explore the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention with line managers in diverse employment settings.

Key messages
Transformation of the long-term care system in Poland in the light of the maps of health needs
Authors: Olminski J , Koziol-Rostkowska M , Smiglewska A , Strozyk-Kaczynska M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

As the inevitable ageing of the population progresses, the pressure on the public health system increases. The predicted rise in the share of people aged 65 and more from 19% in 2020 to 33% in 2050 jeopardises the capacity of the long term care in Poland. It demands immediate actions in public policies to strengthen the system and to provide the silver generation with the proper and adjusted services. That topic is one of the main issues for the map of health needs, developed by the Ministry of Health in Poland. The analyses investigate the current and future state of this part of the system, e.g. the number of visits, average length of stay, types of services, care-giver support ratio. Conclusions drawn from the data allowed to formulate a number of challenges, which include:

In line with these information, the actions and strategic frameworks have been established at the national level and included:

Key messages
Tobacco outlet availability in Dutch rural and urban areas
Authors: van Deelen T , Belmonte S , van denPutte B , Kunst AE , Kuipers MAG 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The Netherlands aims to reduce the availability of tobacco outlets by implementing a sales ban for vending machines (2022) and supermarkets (2024). The government intends to further phase out tobacco sales by petrol stations and small outlets after 2030. This study aims to understand its impact on tobacco outlet availability in the Netherlands, with particular attention to rural areas.

Methods
An audit of tobacco retailers was held between Sept 2019-June 2020 in four cities (Amsterdam, Eindhoven, Haarlem, and Zwolle) and between March-Apr 2022 in seven rural municipalities (Aa en Hunze, Ermelo, Dinkelland, Montferland, Simpelveld, Veere, and Waadhoeke). Each identified retailer was visited and mapped using Global Positioning System (GPS). Tobacco outlet availability was calculated in terms of density per population and km2, and residents’ proximity to the nearest outlet.

Results
In the rural areas, we found a total of 98 tobacco outlets, of which supermarkets (n = 57), petrol stations (26), small outlets (13) and tobacco specialist shops (2). In the four cities, we found a total of 870 outlets. Tobacco outlet density was much lower in rural areas than the four cities: 0.09 vs. 2.2 per km2 and 5.05 vs. 6.2 per 10,000 capita. The average shortest distance from an address to a tobacco outlet was much higher in rural areas (1.23km) compared to cities (0.31km). After implementation of all sales bans, tobacco outlet availability will reduce to 2 outlets in rural areas and 61 in urban areas which represents 0.1 and 0.4 per 10,000 capita, respectively. The distance will increase in cities (to 1.42km), but particularly in rural areas (to 5.28km) where 5 of the 7 municipalities did no longer include a tobacco outlet.

Conclusions
The proposed restrictions on tobacco sales will strongly decrease tobacco outlet availability, and might even disappear in some rural areas. These results call into question how the tobacco industry would respond to the proposed restriction.

Key messages
Preparing for the unexpected: Comparing plans for post-terror health response in Norway and France
Authors: Nilsen L , Stene LE 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
How healthcare systems should respond to health and psychosocial needs in the population after terrorism is debated. Still, there has been recent interest for more coordinated health threat governance in Europe. Studies comparing approaches to health emergency contingency in different countries are thus needed. This poster will present a comparative study of how France and Norway planned for disaster follow-up prior to four major terrorist attacks, and how differences in the approaches can be understood.

Methods
National plans and guidelines from France and Norway, planning the response to mass casualty incidents relevant to four terrorist attacks in 2011, 2015 and 2016 were analyzed, by document analysis. Walt and Gilson's health policy model, focused on context, process, content and actors guided the analysis.

Results
The countries’ approaches were similar regarding identified target groups of prescribed measures and contents of some measures, however historical and systemic differences shaped approaches to post-terror needs. The countries deviated particularly on who the actors responsible for providing care were, and also the content of some measures. For instance, in France specialized mental health care were more involved in early psychosocial care than in Norway, where primary care approaches were more salient.

Conclusions
Contextual factors appear to affect how healthcare contingency is planned, and finding one approach applicable in all national contexts appears challenging. Still, the presentation will discuss the potential for identifying core elements for psychosocial and healthcare follow-up that can be relevant in different contexts.

Key messages
The role of socioeconomic status and political attitudes in the spread of Covid-19 in Austria
Authors: Stradner A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This study investigates the role of socioeconomic status (SES) and political attitudes marked by populism and libertarianism in the spread of Covid-19 infections across Austria. A spatial regression approach is adopted based on official registry data on Covid-19 cases at the municipality level, granted by the Austrian National Public Health Institute. This allows the consideration of spatial dependencies between observations in close geographic proximity. Moreover, to uncover potential temporal (in)stabilities in the effects, the associations are examined over two pandemic phases, namely the second (06/20 to 02/21) and third wave (02/21 to 07/21) of infections. The analysis shows that low educational attainment and income led to higher infection rates during both periods under investigation. In contrast, unemployment was negatively related to the Covid-19 incidence. While the findings for income and education were more pronounced during the third wave of infections, unemployment had a more significant impact during the second wave. Contrary to what was expected, the findings report that populist attitudes were associated with lower case numbers during the second wave. This association reversed and became positive in the third wave but was no longer significant. A positive yet non-significant relationship was detected between libertarian attitudes and Covid-19 cases for both periods studied. The findings suggest that low-income and less-educated groups carry a higher Covid-19 disease burden in Austria. This provides vital information for policymakers to develop targeted public health strategies to protect vulnerable groups and achieve a more equitable distribution of health in society. Only limited evidence was provided regarding the impact of populist and libertarian sentiments on the spread of Covid-19. As polarisation has increased throughout the pandemic, further research on attitudes characterized by skepticism towards state intervention and science is needed.

Key messages
Flu and Covid-19: is there adherence to vaccination in target groups?
Authors: Marconi D , Botarelli L , Gennari M , Cartocci A , Vigiani N , Nante N , Messina G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
In Italy, the flu vaccine is recommended and free for target groups (adults≥60 years old, fragile people, healthcare workers, pregnant women). During the 2020/2021 flu season, an increased vaccination coverage (+6,9%) was observed compared to the previous season, also due to the Covid-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate how strong the adherence to the flu vaccine was by the vulnerable groups and assess if the Covid-19 vaccination campaign may have influenced the rate of flu vaccines.

Methods
At the beginning of autumn 2021 we conducted an online survey among the population of Tuscany. We collected data on demographics, health status (pregnancy, vulnerable), flu and COVID-19 vaccinations coverage and health information sources. In addition, we performed a descriptive and a risk factors analysis to assess correlation between our variables with R v 4.0.0. Significance level was set at p &lt; 0.05.

Results
Among 408 participants, 248 (61%) belong to a vulnerable group and are recommended to receive the flu vaccine, 229 (56%) usually get the flu vaccine, 386 (95%) got the Covid-19 vaccine, 267 (65%) choose and trust the general practitioner (GP) as their health information source. There is a statistically significant association between being part of a vulnerable group and getting the seasonal flu vaccine (OR 6.63 95% CI 4.26-10.3 p &lt; 0.001). In addition, getting the Covid-19 vaccine increases the likelihood of receiving the flu vaccine (2.90 95% CI 1.16-7.28 p = 0.018). Moreover, participants who trust their GP as their health information source (OR 1.63 CI 1.08-2.46 p = 0.019) are more likely to receive the flu vaccine; other information sources (TV, newspaper, social media) are not associated with the flu vaccine.

Conclusions
Our research shows that vulnerable groups get vaccinated against the flu. The increase in flu vaccine coverage may be due to the COVID-19 vaccines campaign. GPs play a crucial role in the health promotion, prevention and health literacy of patients.

Key messages
Fear of infection or fear of protection – driving factors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Bulgaria
Authors: Rohova M , Pancheva R , Mihaylov NL , Radeva N , Ivanova E , Chamova R , Paunov Ts , Kolarova M , Hadzhieva S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Bulgaria faced significant COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates, but many people underestimated the risk of transmission and severity of infection. Rising vaccine-related fear and misinformation exacerbated existing hesitancy and mass vaccination remained a challenge. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Bulgaria.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022 in a sample of 1,200 respondents. Data were collected via an online self-administered questionnaire, measuring perceived risk of COVID-19, vaccine attitudes, trust in health system, and sociodemographics. Results were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical methods.

Results
Bivariate analyses showed that the majority of vaccinated respondents (81.9%) expressed concern about infection, compared to 47.1% of non-vaccinated. Significant differences were related to perceived risk of COVID-19 vaccine: 61.0% of vaccinated assessed risk as small versus 7.4% of refusers. Non-vaccinated participants demonstrated distrust in vaccine benefits and lack of trust in health system, science and pharmaceutical companies. The multivariable regression revealed associations between age, income, vaccine perception, and vaccination uptake. The 45-54 and 55-64 age groups were less likely to refuse vaccination compared to the youngest age group (OR = 0.34, p = 0.009 and OR = 0.38, p = 0.036). Odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccine decreased as income increased (OR = 0.33, p = 0.036). A high perceived risk of adverse effects increased the odds of vaccine refusal by 7.02 (p&lt;.001).

Conclusions
The lack of confidence in the vaccine safety and effectiveness, coupled with an underestimation of the coronavirus disease, formed a critical barrier to the vaccine uptake. The misinformation fueled vaccination fear. Public health campaigns should address vaccine-related concerns and promote vaccination adherence in more consistent manner targeting also the spread of fake news.

Key messages
Dietary habits of pregnant women in Bulgaria
Authors: Chamova R , Panteleeva M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The optimal nutritional status of the mother is one of the most influential non-genetic factors for the healthy development of the fetus. In recent years, more and more scientific evidence has been accumulating that her dietary habits and nutritional status determine the fetal development and the health of the offspring.

Methods
A cross - sectional study of pregnant women's dietary habits was conducted online. A questionnaire is attached, including questions about the diet, the frequency of consumption of certain food groups, application of alternative eating patterns and more. The analysis of the results is done with a software statistical package Jamovi ver. 2.3.0.

Results
The servey is conducted among 117 women with a mean age of 30.4 ± 4.88 years. The majority of them have changed their dietary habits after registering a pregnancy (72.6%). Among all respondents, 18.8% haven't got a fixed diet. 67% of the respondents eat 3 - 4 times a day, and 5.1% - less than three times a day. The relative share of pregnant women who consume milk and dairy products every day is 41% and 47%, respectively. None of the respondents restrains from consuming dairy products. Only 5.1% of the respondents do not consume milk. Six of the surveyed women (5.1%) do not eat meat and 14 (12%) do not eat fish. The relative share of women who eat fish 1 - 2 times a week is 29.9%. The majority of women (88.9%) doesn't consume alcohol during pregnancy. The relative share of vegetarians is 6%. There are no vegans among the women surveyed.

Conclusions
The majority of pregnant women surveyed follow the recommendations for healthy eating. There are women at risk of developing nutritional deficiencies among the respondents - macro - and micronutrients, which is a threat for maternal health, the course of pregnancy, as well as the growth and development of offspring.

Key messages
Late antenatal care initiation and neonatal outcomes in an ethnically diverse maternal cohort
Authors: Puthussery S , Tseng Pc , Sharma E , Harden A , Leah L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Ethnic minority status and maternal socio-economic deprivation are linked to delayed access to health care during pregnancy. The link between late antenatal care initiation and neonatal outcomes in settings with high ethnic diversity and social disadvantage is seldom explored. This study examined associations between late antenatal care initiation (first antenatal appointment &gt;12 weeks gestation) and neonatal outcomes of preterm birth (&lt;37 weeks gestation) and low birth weight (&lt;2500 g) in an ethnically diverse socially disadvantaged maternal cohort.

Methods
A retrospective cross sectional study using routinely collected anonymous data of singleton births between April 2007 - March 2016 from a large UK National Health Service maternity unit in an ethnically diverse, socially disadvantaged area. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between late antenatal care initiation and prevalence of preterm birth and low birth weight.

Results
Of the 46,307 singleton births recorded, more than one third (34.8%) were to mothers from Black African, Black Caribbean, Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi mothers. Gestational week at first antenatal appointment was available for 99.31% births among which 79.2% had their first appointment at ≤ 12 weeks, 12% at 13-20 weeks, and 8.8% at &gt; 20 weeks. Mothers who booked at 13+ weeks were significantly more likely to have a preterm and/or low birth weight baby. Compared to mothers who booked at ≤ 12 weeks, those booking at &gt; 20 weeks were 4.08 times (95% CI: 3.29,5.07) as likely to have an extremely preterm baby (&lt;28 weeks of gestation) and 3.12 (CI 2.66, 3.67) times as likely to have a baby born with extremely low birthweight (&lt;1500g).

Conclusions
Mothers in ethnically diverse socially deprived areas who started antenatal care late were at increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Targeted intervention programmes and services are needed to support these mothers.

Key messages
Breastfeeding and allergic disease at age nine in Ireland: An Irish prospective cohort study
Authors: Cosgrave E , Fitzpatrick P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Despite well-recognised benefits, Irish breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal. Although associations between breastfeeding and allergic disease are well-researched in younger children, evidence for continued effect in older children is sparse. This Irish prospective cohort study investigated associations between breastfeeding and allergic disease at age nine.

Methods
The study sample included all nine-year-old children enrolled in the Growing Up in Ireland Infant Cohort Study whose mothers had participated in both Wave 1 and Wave 5. Mothers self-reported infant feeding practices at nine months and allergic diseases at nine years. Multiple logistic regression was used to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for associations between breastfeeding and allergic diseases; re-weighting was applied to enhance generalisability.

Results
Response rate was 72% (N = 8,006). Most mothers (53%) had ever-breastfed their child; younger mothers, smokers and those of lower socioeconomic status were significantly less likely to have ever-breastfed. Compared to never-breastfeeding, ever-breastfeeding was protective against asthma (aOR 0.74, 95%CI 0.62-0.87) and eczema (aOR 0.72, 95%CI 0.55-0.93) at age nine. Ever-breastfeeding increased the risk of atopic rhinitis (aOR 1.44, 95%CI 1.07-1.94); the association with food allergy was inconclusive (aOR 1.17, 95%CI 0.83-1.64). Breastfeeding ≥6 months was protective against asthma (aOR 0.57, 95%CI 0.39-0.82) and any allergic disease (aOR 0.72, 95%CI 0.55-0.96). Exclusive breastfeeding (3-5 months) was protective against asthma (aOR 0.67, 95%CI 0.50-0.89) and eczema (aOR 0.54, 95%CI 0.34-0.86).

Conclusions
This study provides new evidence suggesting breastfeeding may be protective against asthma and eczema but may increase the risk of atopic rhinitis in older Irish children. Results must be considered in light of high Irish allergic disease prevalence and action in support of breastfeeding prior to and following birth prioritised accordingly.

Key messages
Assessment of maternal and newborn services in Uganda based on the Effective Coverage framework
Authors: Bertoncello C , Bordin P , Fonzo M , Dall’Oglio G , Lochoro P , Putoto G , Tognon F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The implementation of a health service does not necessarily equate to a health gain. Effective Coverage (EC) aims to capture the potential benefits of a health intervention by adjusting the crude coverage for quality. The aim of this study was to assess the EC of Antenatal Care (ANC), Institutional deliveries and Postnatal Care (PNC) in Oyam district, Uganda, considering the input (drugs and equipment) and the process dimension (components of care provided).

Methods
The study involved 19 Health Centers (HC), 12 type II, 6 type III and 1 type IV, having a catchment area of 15.603 expected deliveries per year. The analysis covered the period between April and September 2021. Data on crude coverage were retrieved from the District Health Information Software-2. Data used to assess quality domains were extracted from checklists compiled during Supportive Supervisions and were summarized by readiness and likelihood of quality care indices. The crude coverage of the interventions was adjusted to calculate the input-adjusted and the quality-adjusted coverage.

Results
The readiness index was 0.81 for ANC, 0.82 for institutional delivery and 0.88 for PNC, while the likelihood of quality of care was 0.73, 0.88 and 0.89 respectively. In all three areas, the loss of coverage was mainly due to lack of materials and equipment; HCs II showed lower quality indexes than HCs III, particularly for ANC (P = 0.007). Compared to the target population, EC was 40% for ANC4 visits, 48% for institutional deliveries and 77% for PNC visits. The gap between crude and EC was higher for ANC4 (-30%) compared with the one for institutional deliveries (-18%) and PNC (-23%).

Conclusions
EC is a useful indicator for monitoring maternal and neonatal services in low-resource countries, bringing gaps in crude coverage to the surface. Supportive Supervision provides an opportunity to assess EC at the facility level without additional resources and to support health authorities in setting priorities.

Key messages