bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical analysis of maxillary anterior teeth movements during different retracting methods with a lever arm miniscrew system in double‐slot lingual brackets: A finite element method study
Authors: Wang Dongcai , Li Boxiu , Xu Yi , Dong Xingtao , Jiang Xianfeng , Wu Jianlei , Liu Yunfeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to find the most effective retracting method for the six maxillary anterior teeth with double‐slot lingual brackets using a lever arm and miniscrew system.MethodsSix finite element models were constructed: (A) a ribbon‐wise archwire with a lever arm; (B) a ribbon‐wise archwire with a lever arm and a sectional edgewise archwire; (C) a ribbon‐wise archwire and a sectional edgewise archwire with a lever arm; (D) an edgewise archwire with a lever arm; (E) an edgewise archwire with a lever arm and a sectional ribbon‐wise archwire; and (F) an edgewise archwire and a sectional ribbon‐wise archwire with a lever arm. Initial displacements of maxillary teeth driven by a 1.5 N retraction force to the lever arm were analysed.ResultsIn models B, C, E and F, anterior torque loss and inter‐canine distance increases were significantly lower than that of the models without auxiliary archwires. In models C and F, the main archwire was less likely deformed. In models A, B and C, the displacement of canines in sagittal and vertical directions were less than in models D, E and F.ConclusionsThe combination of edgewise and ribbon‐wise archwires in double‐slot lingual brackets effectively preserves the anterior arch shape. An edgewise archwire with lever arms on the auxiliary sectional ribbon‐wise archwire is recommended for better performance in anterior teeth retraction.
Histopathological and histomorphometric analysis of glandular odontogenic cyst‐A diagnostic aid
Authors: Heiliczer Shimrit , Shmuly Tom , Avishai Gal , Zlotogorski‐Hurvitz Ayelet , Vered Marilena , Mamber Letizia , Kaplan Ilana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesCompare recognized microscopic parameters, including variations in width, plaque‐like thickenings, intra‐epithelial microcysts, clefts, mucous, hob‐nail, ciliated and clear cells, between glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) and GOC‐like cysts, investigate the extent of cyst circumference exhibiting these features, and inflammation.Materials and MethodsArchival records of cysts with histological features of GOC evaluated between 2000 and2020 were retrieved. Slides were revised, and the expression of features throughout the cyst wall was analyzed. Cysts with at least 5 features were classified as GOC, cysts with 3–4 features as GOC‐like.ResultsThe study included 74 cysts, 47 males M, 25 females (2 unknown gender), aged 19–81 years, 62 (83.8%) GOC, 12 (16.2%) GOC‐like. Mandible was involved in 44 (59.5%), maxilla in 30 (40.5%), 18 (25%) were associated with unerupted teeth. Cyst classified as GOC had significantly higher rates of all parameters investigated, (except ciliated and clear cells), than GOC‐like cysts (p ≤ 0.05). 26 (40.6%) cases showed GOC features in >50% of cyst circumference, 21 (32.8%) involved 25–50%, 17 (26.6%) <25%. More than 50% circumference involvement was highly and independently predictive for a diagnosis of GOC, <25% was highly and independently predictive for GOC‐like (p = 0.003). Hobnail cells (p = 0.008) and plaque‐like thickenings (p = 0.038) were significantly more frequent in inflamed cysts.ConclusionBesides the number and type of histological features, GOC can be characterized by their distribution within the cyst circumference (focal Vs diffuse), and it may serve as a new diagnostic aid. It is suggested that GOC and GOC‐like may represent a single spectrum.
Dexmedetomidine‐associated diabetes insipidus during skull base surgery in a pediatric patient
Authors: Reynolds Emily G. , Van Decar Lauren M. , Sharpe Emily E. , Harbell Monica W. , Kraus Molly B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetes insipidus is characterized by polyuria due to an inability to auto‐regulate water balance resulting in dangerous metabolic derangements. Intraoperative anesthetics have been increasingly identified as a cause of diabetes insipidus in adult patients; however, it is rare in pediatrics. We present a case of a 16‐year‐old male undergoing resection of a recurrent left juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma who experienced intraoperative polyuria concerning diabetes insipidus. Urine output drastically decreased following discontinuation of dexmedetomidine with complete resolution within 24 h. We conclude that this case of transient diabetes insipidus was associated with dexmedetomidine administration.
Off‐label pharmacological treatment for neuropathic pain: A Delphi study by the Spanish Pain Society Neuropathic Pain Task Force
Authors: Serrano Ancor , Gálvez Rafael , Paremés Elena , Navarro Ana , Ochoa Dolores , Pérez Concepción 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe use of off‐label pharmacotherapies for neuropathic pain (NP) is growing relating to the many unmet needs of patients. However, clinical guidelines fail to address it, and the available evidence is sparse and fragmented. We arranged a formal expert consensus to address this controversial issue and provide some guidance on judicious use.MethodsA two‐round standard Delphi survey that involved pain clinic specialists with experience in the research and management of NP was done over an ad hoc 40‐item questionnaire prepared by the authors. Consensus on each statement was defined as at least either 80% endorsement or rejection after the second round.ResultsForty‐three and thirty‐seven panelists participated in the first and second round, respectively. Consensus was reached in 34 out of 40 statements. Endorsed alternatives for unresponsive patients include non‐gabapentinoid antiepileptics (oxcarbazepine and eslicarbazepine), venlafaxine, intravenous lidocaine (when doses can be optimized), and some vaporized cannabinoids (under appropriate surveillance). In addition, lacosamide, low‐dose naltrexone, propofol, or ketamine could prove beneficial if subjected to more research. Other options were rejected, and there was controversy about the usefulness of topical preparations.DiscussionFor patients who do not respond to standard NP treatments, some other viable pharmacological options can be attempted before advancing to other therapeutic stages. This may help patients who are reluctant to or have some contraindication for interventional therapies.
Experience with enterococcal meningitis/ventriculitis in children
Authors: Çay Ümmühan , Alabaz Derya , Özgür Gündeşlioğlu Özlem , Kibar Filiz , Çetin Ceren , Oktay Kadir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnterococcal infections are increasingly common in hospitalized patients. Enterococcal meningitis/ventriculitis (EMV) is an extremely rare condition of enterococcal infections, occurring particularly in children. This study investigated the clinical and microbiological characteristics, predisposing factors, and prognosis in pediatric patients with EMV.MethodsPediatric patients (<18 years) diagnosed with EMV were retrospectively evaluated over 10 years.ResultsThe study included a total of 25 isolates from 24 patients, median age 23 months (range: 1–136 months). The most common symptoms included vomiting, fever, and headache, with hydrocephalus shunt and preterm birth being the two most common conditions. Commonly associated infections, with central nervous system (CNS) devices as a predisposing factor, were due to external ventricular drainage and ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Two patients with spontaneous meningitis were preterm infant. Of the isolates, 44% were Enterococcus faecalis, 44% E. faecium, and 12% E. gallinarum. Five (20%) isolates were vancomycin resistant. Twelve patients were resistant to anti‐enterococcal antibiotics, including ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, teicoplanin, gentamicin, and linezolid (40%, 20%, 8%, 8%, 4%, and 4%, respectively). Enterococcus faecium was more resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin than E. faecalis. The median treatment duration was 17 days (interquartile range: 14–26 days).The mortality rate was 8.3% (2/24; both associated with vancomycin resistance).ConclusionsNeurosurgical conditions are the most common predisposing factors for EMV. Preterm birth is an important predisposing factor in children. Because EMV is nonspecific in clinical findings, it should be considered when there is an underlying CNS disorder and empirical treatment should begin in this direction.
How people react to their Partners' infidelity: An explorative study
Authors: Apostolou Menelaos , Constantinou Chryso , Zalaf Alexia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInfidelity is relatively common, with culprits not always been able to keep it secret from their partners. Accordingly, the current research aimed to study people's reactions to their partners' infidelity. More specifically, using qualitative research methods on a sample of 226 Greek‐speaking participants, Study 1 identified 94 possible reactions to infidelity. Study 2 employed quantitative research methods on a sample of 757 Greek‐speaking participants, and classified these reactions into 17 broad factors. Among the most probable reactions, were experiencing negative emotions, terminating the relationship, keeping physical distance from the unfaithful partner, and getting more information about the incident. Significant gender and age effects were found for several of the extracted factors. Using second‐order principal components analysis, the extracted factors were classified into four broader domains. The current research contributes to understanding an important aspect of human mating behavior, and its findings could be used to develop better ways to deal with infidelity.
Radical internalism
Authors: Johnson King Zoë 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn her paper “Radical Externalism”, Amia Srinivasan argues that externalism about epistemic justification should be preferred to internalism by those who hold a “radical” worldview (according to which pernicious ideology distorts our evidence and belief‐forming processes). I share Srinivasan's radical worldview, but do not agree that externalism is the preferable approach in light of the worldview we share. Here I argue that cases informed by this worldview can intuitively support precisely the internalist view that Srinivasan challenges, offer two such cases, and explain away the externalist‐friendly intuitions that Srinivasan's cases solicit. I then articulate and defend a “radical” internalism, arguing that internalists’ aversion to epistemic hubris and emphasis on subjecting one's beliefs to critical scrutiny are especially attractive in realistic cases involving multiple intersecting axes of oppression—that is, precisely the sort of case that permeates our social world. I also argue that externalism's lack of interest in action‐guiding principles leaves it with little to offer us in the fight against epistemic oppression.
Exposed Body Surface Area—A Determinate for UV Radiant Energy in Human UV Exposure Studies
Authors: Schmalwieser Alois W. , Schmalwieser Susanne S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSolar ultraviolet (UV) exposure of people and related health risk is mainly examined by estimating the received UV radiant exposure. However, for several effects such as DNA damage, vitamin D photosynthesis or the probability of developing skin cancer, UV radiant energy is important and with that the size of exposed skin area. There is also a complex interaction between body shape and behavior like sun exposure habits, so that careful analysis is necessary when estimating health effects from UV exposure. In this paper, knowledge on body shape and methods of calculating the total body surface area (BSA) are summarized. BSA depends mainly on the height and weight of a person as well as on gender, ethnicity and body shape. BSA and body shape differ significantly between different populations and both change during life. This paper proposes formulas for BSA that consider height, weight, gender, ethnicity and body shape. As the exposed BSA depends on clothing, finally an approach is presented which aims to calculate the size of body parts released by real garments. In summary, this paper will enable future researchers to quantify the exposed BSA by best matching their study population and consequently investigate risks caused by solar UV exposure.
Policy dimension: A new concept to distinguish substance from process in the Narrative Policy Framework
Authors: Kuenzler Johanna , Stauffer Bettina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the distinction between substance (questions of policy design) and process (questions of power in the policy process) to the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). While both occur in existing NPF research, so far, they are not separated analytically. We conceptualize them as categories of the “policy dimension,” a new aspect of narrative content. Applying this dimension to an exploratory case, we show that such an analysis leads to useful insights for NPF scholars.Substancepolicy narrative elements show a debate about a policy's implementation model, whereasprocesspolicy narrative elements reveal that this debate is permeated by power conflicts. Furthermore, we find that the two categories' occurrence in narratives is influenced by the debate venue, whereas political parties as narrators do not seem to be relevant. The policy dimension allows for new research avenues and provides practitioners with a new tool to understand and intervene in policy debates.
Inequity after death: Exploring the equitable utilization of FEMA's COVID‐19 funeral assistance funds
Authors: Entress Rebecca M. , Tyler Jenna , Sadiq Abdul‐Akeem 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs of March 2021, the United States had nearly 1 million COVID‐19 deaths. To aid families, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) established the Funeral Assistance Program. Using publicly available data, we examine the equitable utilization of FEMA's COVID‐19 Funeral Assistance Program funding. Results show a significant relationship between FEMA COVID‐19 Funeral Assistance Program funding and some, but not all, social vulnerability components. Specifically, counties with higher percentages of the population with disabilities and higher percentages of minorities receive lower amounts of funding per 100,000 residents. These findings suggest that FEMA's equity efforts are not fully materializing regarding the utilization of the FEMA COVID‐19 Funeral Assistance Program funding among socially vulnerable groups. FEMA should broaden its social equity outreach and priorities for those not traditionally considered in social equity discussions, such as people with disabilities while continuing efforts toward traditional social equity.
The tapetal tissue is essential for the maintenance of redox homeostasis during microgametogenesis in tomato
Authors: Salazar‐Sarasua Blanca , López‐Martín María Jesús , Roque Edelín , Hamza Rim , Cañas Luis Antonio , Beltrán José Pío , Gómez‐Mena Concepción 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYThe tapetum is a specialized layer of cells within the anther, adjacent to the sporogenous tissue. During its short life, it provides nutrients, molecules and materials to the pollen mother cells and microsporocytes, being essential during callose degradation and pollen wall formation. The interaction between the tapetum and sporogenous cells in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plants, despite its importance for breeding purposes, is poorly understood. To investigate this process, gene editing was used to generate loss‐of‐function mutants that showed the complete and specific absence of tapetal cells. These plants were obtained targeting the previously uncharacterized Solyc03g097530 (SlTPD1) gene, essential for tapetum specification in tomato plants. In the absence of tapetum, sporogenous cells developed and callose deposition was observed. However, sporocytes failed to undergo the process of meiosis and finally degenerated, leading to male sterility. Transcriptomic analysis conducted in mutant anthers lacking tapetum revealed the downregulation of a set of genes related to redox homeostasis. Indeed, mutant anthers showed a reduction in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at early stages and altered activity of ROS‐scavenging enzymes. The results obtained highlight the importance of the tapetal tissue in maintaining redox homeostasis during male gametogenesis in tomato plants.
D27‐LIKE1 isomerase has a preference towards trans/cis and cis/cis conversions of carotenoids in Arabidopsis
Authors: Gulyás Zsolt , Moncsek Blanka , Hamow Kamirán Áron , Stráner Pál , Tolnai Zoltán , Badics Eszter , Incze Norbert , Darkó Éva , Nagy Valéria , Perczel András , Kovács László , Soós Vilmos 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYCarotenoids contribute to a variety of physiological processes in plants, functioning also as biosynthesis precursors of ABA and strigolactones (SLs). SL biosynthesis starts with the enzymatic conversion of all‐trans‐β‐carotene to 9‐cis‐β‐carotene by the DWARF27 (D27) isomerase. In Arabidopsis, D27 has two closely related paralogs, D27‐LIKE1 and D27‐LIKE2, which were predicted to be β‐carotene‐isomerases. In the present study, we characterised D27‐LIKE1 and identified some key aspects of its physiological and enzymatic functions in Arabidopsis. d27‐like1‐1 mutant does not display any strigolactone‐deficient traits and exhibits a substantially higher 9‐cis‐violaxanthin content, which is accompanied by a slightly higher ABA level. In vitro feeding assays with recombinant D27‐LIKE1 revealed that the protein exhibits affinity to all β‐carotene isoforms but with an exclusive preference towards trans/cis conversions and the interconversion between 9‐cis, 13‐cis and 15‐cis‐β‐carotene forms, and accepts zeaxanthin and violaxanthin as substrates. Finally, we present evidence showing that D27‐LIKE1 mRNA is phloem mobile and D27‐LIKE1 is an ancient isomerase with a long evolutionary history. In summary, we demonstrate that D27‐LIKE1 is a carotenoid isomerase with multi‐substrate specificity and has a characteristic preference towards the catalysation of cis/cis interconversion of carotenoids. Therefore, D27‐LIKE1 is a potential regulator of carotenoid cis pools and, eventually, SL and ABA biosynthesis pathways.
A stripe rust fungal effector PstSIE1 targets TaSGT1 to facilitate pathogen infection
Authors: Wang Yunqian , Liu Cong , Du Yuanyuan , Cai Kunyan , Wang Yanfeng , Guo Jia , Bai Xingxuan , Kang Zhensheng , Guo Jun 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYPuccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal agent of stripe rust, is a destructive pathogen of Triticum aestivum (wheat), threatening wheat production worldwide. Pst delivers hundreds of effectors to manipulate processes in its hosts during infection. The SGT1 (suppressor of the G2 allele of skp1), RAR1 (required for Mla12 resistance) and HSP90 (heat‐shock protein 90) proteins form a chaperone complex that acts as a core modulator in plant immunity. However, little is known about how Pst effectors target this immune component to suppress plant immunity. Here, we identified a Pst effector PstSIE1 that interacts with TaSGT1 in wheat and is upregulated during the early infection stage. Transient expression of PstSIE1 suppressed cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana induced by VmE02 and PcNLP2. Transgenic expression of PstSIE1‐RNAi constructs in wheat significantly reduced the virulence of Pst. Overexpression of PstSIE1 in wheat increased the number of rust pustules and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating that PstSIE1 functions as an important pathogenicity factor in Pst. PstSIE1 was found to compete with TaRAR1 to bind TaSGT1, thus disrupting the formation of the TaRAR1–TaSGT1 subcomplex. Taken together, PstSIE1 is an important Pst effector targeting the immune component TaSGT1 and involved in suppressing wheat defense.
Evaluating the relevance of surgical margins. Part one: The problems with current methodology
Authors: Bray Jonathan , Eward Will , Breen Matthew 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe goal of cancer surgery is to achieve a “clean” microscopic resection, with no residual tumour remaining in the wound. To achieve that goal, the surgeon typically incorporates a measured buffer of grossly normal tissue about the entire circumference of the tumour. Microscopic analysis of the resection boundaries is then performed to determine if all traces of the tumour have been completely removed. This analysis is thought to provide a surrogate indication as to the likelihood for that tumour to recur after surgery. However, it is recognised that tumour recurrence may not occur even when microscopic evidence of tumour has been identified at the resection margins, and recurrence can also occur when conventional histology has considered the tumour to have been completely removed. The explanations for this dichotomy are numerous and include technical and practical limitations of the processing methodology, and also several surgeon‐related and tumour‐related reasons. Ultimately, the inability to confidently determine when a tumour has been removed sufficiently to prevent recurrence can impact on the ability to provide owners with confident treatment advice. In this article, the authors describe the challenges with defining the true extent of the tumour margin from the perspective of the surgeon, the pathologist and the tumour. The authors also provide an analysis of why our current efforts to ensure that all traces of the local tumour have been successfully removed may provide an imperfect assessment of the risk of recurrence.
Low Reduced Frequency Theory of Airfoils Vibrating in Complex Modes
Authors: Corral Roque , Blando Yago , Pitarch Aitor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper extends a previous study on the unsteady aerodynamics of vibrating airfoils in the low reduced frequency regime to the case of complex modes, where the phase of the different points of the same airfoil is not constant. A complex mode-shape can be expressed as the combination of two rigid body modes shifted 90 deg. Therefore, the stability of such modes is more complex to predict than that of the so-called real modes. The aerodynamic work-per-cycle has been deconstructed into its fundamental components, and its dependence on the reduced frequency described. The three distinct contributions to the work-per-cycle of a complex mode have been analyzed theoretically and numerically. First, the mean pressure yields a constant contribution to the work-per-cycle that is independent of the interblade phase angle (IBPA) and the reduced frequency. This term scales with the aerodynamic loading of the airfoil and is null for nonlifting airfoils. Second, the contribution of the two fundamental modes, whose mean value is proportional to the reduced frequency. Finally, the cross works of a fundamental mode over the displacements of the other. The low reduced frequency theory predicts that this term is independent of the frequency and symmetric with the interblade phase angle. The latter has been confirmed using linearized Navier–Stokes simulations, but the former has a constant term, as predicted by the theory, plus a small variation with the frequency that has been associated with acoustic resonances.