bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the similarity of hillslope hydrologic function: a clustering approach based on groundwater changes
Authors: Maina Fadji Z. , Wainwright Haruko M. , Dennedy-Frank Peter James , Siirila-Woodburn Erica R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Hillslope similarity is an active topic in hydrology because of its importance in improving our understanding of hydrologic processes and enabling comparisons and paired studies. In this study, we propose a holistic bottom-up hillslope clustering based on a region's integrative hydrodynamic response quantified by the seasonal changes in groundwater levels ΔP. The main advantage of the ΔP clustering is its ability to capture recharge and discharge processes. We test the performance of the ΔP clustering by comparing it to seven other common hillslope clustering approaches. These include clustering approaches based on the aridity index, topographic wetness index, elevation, land cover, and machine-learning that jointly integrate multiple data. We assess the ability of these clustering approaches to identify and categorize hillslopes with similar static characteristics, hydroclimate, land surface processes, and subsurface dynamics in a mountainous watershed – the East River – located in the headwaters of the Upper Colorado River Basin. The ΔP clustering performs very well in identifying hillslopes with six out of the nine characteristics studied. The variability among clusters as quantified by the coefficient of variation (0.2) is less in the ΔP and the machine learning approaches than in the others (> 0.3 for TWI, elevation, and land cover). We further demonstrate the robustness of the ΔP clustering by testing its ability to predict hillslope responses to wet and dry hydrologic conditions, of which it performs well when based on average conditions.
Oral Health in Relation to Nutrition a Literature Review
Authors: Zangana Ramal Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This review deals with complex relationship among diet, nutrition and their implications on oral health and this review also reveals the oral diseases are associated with considerable pain, anxiety and impaired social functioning. Search method: An electronic search was done in the google website, PubMed, and google scholar. Articles from 1993 to 2017 were included in the review. Summery and Conclusions: Mouth being a reflecting mirror of general health often helps in early diagnosis of many diseases and disturbances. Like any other system of our body, In this way nutrition and oral health are mutually dependent and hence an extensive understanding of this inter relationship is essential for healthy life the customary allowance of food and drink taken by any person per day varies from nutrition, which involves the metabolic processes and utilization of nutrients in the food.	Malnutrition affects the oral health and a poor oral health in turn, may lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition may alter the homeostasis, which can lead to disease progression of the oral cavity, reduce the resistance to the microbial biofilm and reduce the capacity of tissue healing. A poor diet was significantly associated with increased odds of oral disease. Dietary advice for the prevention of oral diseases has to be a part of routine patient education practices. Inconsistencies in dietary advice may be linked to inadequate training of professionals. Literature suggests that the nutrition training of dentists and oral health training of dietitians and nutritionists is limited. Keywords: Dietary, dental caries, Malnutrition, Oral manifestations and nutrient deficiency
Evaluation of TMJ morphology in various growth patterns in North Indian population
Authors: Rao Ankita , Sidhu M. S , Dabas Ashish , Grover Seema , Dogra Namrata 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint plays an important role in maintaining a balance between structures of oral-facial complex. And morphology of Condyle is an essential part of temporomandibular joint that response to functional load, masticatory muscle activity constantly even after completion of the growth. Therefore, its morphology directs the adaptations to these functional forces. Aim: To evaluate the TMJ morphology characteristics in various growth patterns using CBCT. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare morphology of TMJ in different vertical growth pattern individuals in North Indian population using CBCT. Pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 10 Hypodivergent, 10 Normodivergent and 9 Hyperdivergent subjects were analyzed using SN- mandibular plane angle. Morphological parameters of TMJ such as anterior, superior, posterior joint space, condylar axial angle, mandibular fossa depth, intercondylar distance, medio-lateral and anterio-posterior width were measured and statistical analysis were done using One Way ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey test. Results: A statistically significant difference was noted in the superior joint space among Group I(4.04±0.10), Group II(3.73±0.36) and Group III(3.06±0.22)with p=0.00 and significantly correlated to facial morphology. Conclusion: TMJ morphology varies according to different growth patterns.
Kinder an die Macht?
Authors: Roeder Caroline 
Published: July 2022

William Goldings Lord of the Flies (1954) ist eine düstere Vision vom menschlichen Miteinander. Der Klassiker bedient sich des populären literarischen Insel-Motivs und gestaltet die Robinsonade mit einer auf sich gestellten Kindergruppe aus. Weniger bekannt ist, dass im Textkorpus der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur einige Werke aus den 1930er und 1940er Jahren bereits ein vergleichbares Modell inszenieren. Auch hier stehen Kindergruppen und deren selbst bestimmtes Zusammenleben im Mittelpunkt. In einem vergleichbar kurzen zeitlichen Abstand von nur gut zehn Jahren erschienen Henry Winterfelds Timpetill. Die Stadt ohne Eltern (1937), A.S. Neills Die grüne Wolke. Den Kindern von Summerhill erzählt (1938), Lisa Tetzners Die Kinder auf der Insel (1944) und Mira Lobes Insu-Pu. Die Insel der verlorenen Kinder (1948, dt. 1951). Die Frage stellt sich, warum dieses Modell der Kindergruppe, die selbstständig agiert, so attraktiv für die KinderliteratInnen dieser Jahre war? Zu den genannten Titeln liegen seitens der einschlägigen Forschung schon profunde Untersuchungen vor. Dabei wurden Fragen zur Kinderbande ebenso wie zur Gattungszugehörigkeit – und hier insbesondere zur Robinsonade und Dystopie – in Augenschein genommen. Ebenso wäre der Komplex der Exilliteratur zu nennen, dem die Werke von Winterfeld, Tetzner und Lobe zuzurechnen sind.Dagegen wird hier eine bisher weniger beachtete Perspektive eingenommen. Die genannten kinderliterarischen Texte werden in Bezug zu (reform-)pädagogischen Erziehungskonzepten gesetzt, die im Rahmen vor allem der Heimerziehung in diesem Zeitabschnitt diskutiert wurde. Ausgehend von diesen erzieherischen Diskursen, die in die Praxis der so genannten Kinderrepubliken umgesetzt wurden, stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit entsprechende Bezugnahmen bei den literarischen Werken vorliegen. Zu diesem neuen und komplexen Forschungsfeld, das als literarisches Erzählmodell Kinderrepublik tituliert wird, werden erste Überlegungen angestellt. Weiterführend werden auch die jüngeren Fortschreibungen ins Auge gefasst. So greift beispielsweise Andreas Schlüter mit Level 4. Die Stadt der Kinder (1994) das Thema wieder auf und wendet die zeitgeschichtlichen Bezüge, welche die Romane der 1930er Jahre aufwiesen, ins Medienkritische. Diese mediale Ausgestaltung des Motivs scheint auch für die Autorinnen und Autoren des beginnenden 21. Jahrhunderts attraktiv zu sein und kann – in einem Ausblick – bis in das Reich von Suzanne Collins' Panem verfolgt werden.
REVITALISASI AWIG-AWIG DESA ADAT KEROBOKAN DALAM MENCIPTAKAN KETENTRAMAN DAN KEHARMONISAN
Authors: Widyani Nyoman , Dewi Susanti Komang 
Published: July 2022

Desa Adat sangat besar perannya dalam pembangunan masyarakat, bangsa dan negara sehingga keberadaan Desa Adat harus diayomi, dibina, dilindungi, dikembangkan dan diberdayakan untuk mewujudkan kehidupan krama Bali yang tentram dan harmonis. Awig-awig sangat besar perannya dalam menciptakan keharmonisan dan ketentraman krama Desa Adat. Dimasa pandemi Covid-19, Desa Adat Kerobokan merevitalisasi awig-awig yang sudah ada dengan penyempurnaan-penyempurnaan dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan. Awig-awig yang disempurnakan berkaitan dengan aspek Parahyangan, Pawongan dan Palemahan sebagai perwujudan dari filosofi Tri Hita Karana. Kata Kunci : Revitalisasi, Awig-Awig, Desa Adat.
KAJIAN KOMPETENSI SISWA MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN MASA DEPAN
Authors: Agung Jaya Suryawan I G 
Published: July 2022

Sebagai seorang pendidik sudah selayaknya merubah pola pikir dalam proses pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar. Tuntutan global membuat anak harus dibekali pola pikir, keterampilan serta kompetensi untuk menghadapi tantangan global di masa depan. Dalam pembelajaran IPA diharapkan mampu mebelajarkan anak untuk memiliki pola pikir disciplined mind (pikiran terdisiplin), (2) syntesizing mind (pikiran menyintesis), (3) creating mind (pikiran mencifta), (4) respectful mind (pikiran merespek), (5) ethical mind (pikiran etis). Keterampilan yang diharapkan adalah (1) keterampilan hidup dan karir (life and career skills) yang terdiri atas: (a) flexibility & adaptability, (b) initiative & self-direction, (c) social and cross-cultural skills, (d) productivity and accountability, dan (e) leadership and responsibility; (2) keterampilan belajar dan inovasi (learning and innovation skills) yang terdiri atas critical thinking, communication, collaboration, dan creativity; (3) penguasan informasi, media, dan teknologi informasi (information, media and technology skills). Dari ketika keterampilan strategis tersebut, kompetensi utama yang perlu dimiliki oleh siswa sekolah dasar adalah: communication, collaboration, critical thinking, dan creativity. Strategi dalam membelajarkan siswa untuk melatih berpikir kritis melalui pendekatan pembelajaran yang melatih siswa untuk memecahkan masalah. Adapun strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah: problem based learning, project based learning, cooperative group investigation, inquiry learning dan lainnyaKata Kunci: Kompetensi, Siswa, Masa Depan
Influence of two soil fungal inocula on growth of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. plants grown in arsenic-treated soils
Authors: OSAIGBOVO Marquis , DANIA Theophilus  A. , VWIOKO Emuejevoke D. 
Published: July 2022

In this study, growth of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. was investigated in soils treated with arsenic ions and inoculated with two fungi two weeks after planting. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus were selected out of five isolated fungi from a heavy metal contaminated soil and used to inoculate soils treated with, 50,100 and 150 ppm As3+ ion solutions. Abelmoschus esculentus plant growth was measured, where data were collected for germination, morphological and reproductive characters, chlorophyll content, activities of nitrate reductase, catalase (CAT), and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Soil enzymes i.e., urease, phosphatase, dehydrogenase and cellulases were monitored. Results showed that the two fungal inocula increased number of leaves. Plant height was increased in both 100 and 150 ppm As3+ treated soils from 19.50 cm to 26.86 cm and 17.60 cm to 30.97 cm in uninoculated and Aspergillus terreus inoculated soils, respectively. Delayed flowering was observed in plants grown in the As3+ treated soils. The fungal inocula affected SOD and CAT activities in leaves of Abelmoschus esculentus, in As3+ treatments. At 50ppm and 100ppm, inoculation with A. niger and A. terreus significantly reduced SOD activity. Fungal inoculation stimulated phosphatase and cellulases production in the As3+ treated soils. This study clearly shows that the soil inoculants immensely contributed to alleviating heavy metal stress encountered by plants.
Productivity and crop quality of Salvia officinalis L. in the conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine
Authors: PANFILOVA Antonina , FEDORCHUK Valentina 
Published: July 2022

One of the important elements of ecological production of medicinal plant raw materials is the development and implementation of innovative technologies for growing medicinal crops based on biologized approaches and minimizing anthropogenic pressure on the environment. Therefore, the research aimed to determine the effect of doses of mineral fertilizers and biopreparations Biocomplex-BTU on the yield of green mass of Salvia officinalis L. plants and the content of essential oil in it. Experimental studies were conducted in the ecological conditions of Mykolayiv National Agrarian University (Ukraine) from 2016 to 2021 years. It was found that biometric indicators of plants changed significantly depending on the years of vegetation and the factors studied. Thus, regardless of the year of vegetation, the greatest influence on the formation of biometric indicators of plants was influenced by the combination of applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P90 and carrying out foliar top dressing of plants during the growing season with a Biocomplex-BTU. In this variant of the experiment, 4.04-24.26 t ha– 1 of green mass of plants was obtained, depending on the year of cultivation. The plant nutrition also affected the content of essential oil. Most of it was in plant leaves using N60P90 and Biocomplex-BTU - 2.68%. At the same time, it was determined that most of the essential oil was contained in Salvia officinalis L. plants in the budding phase.
Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis web google sites pada materi ikatan ion dan kovalen untuk SMA kelas X
Authors: Sitepu Deri Salsalina Br , Herlinawati Herlinawati 
Published: July 2022

Dalam masa transisi seperti sekarang teknologi sangat dibutuhkan dalam proses pembelajaran, guru harus mampu menggunakan media pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada sekarang yang memudahkan siswa untuk pembelajaran dalam observasi yang sudah dilakukan di SMA dalam pembelajaran kimia di dapat bahwa selama pembelajaran guru kurang menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajarannnya, guru masih menggunakan media berupa buku pelajaran saja, dan memberikan tugas sehingga membuat pembelajaran kurang menarik bagi siswa dan terkadang membuat siswa kurang memahami isi dari materi pembelajaran, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis web google sites yang dikembangkan pada mata pelajaran kimia, dan kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis web google sites yang dikembangkan. Model penelitian dan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis web google sites ini menggunakan model pembelajaran ADDIE. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen non test, instrumen instumen non tes berupa lembar validasi yang telah memenuhi standar BSNP yaitu aspek kelayakan isi, penyajian, bahasa serta kegrafikan oleh validator skala empat kategori. Hasil kelayakan validasi menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran google sites pada materi ikatan ion dan kovalen dalam kategori layak dan tidak perlu direvisi dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kelayakan isi sebesar 3,63 ; kelayakan bahasa sebesar 3,85 ; kelayakan penyajian sebesar 3,87; dan kelayakan kegrafikan sebesar 3,74.
Assessing E-Learning Readiness at the Kenya Technical Teachers College
Authors: Okinda Robert Alfred 
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this survey was to assess the level of e-learning readiness at the Kenya Technical Teachers College (KTTC). This was part of an institution-wide strategy to guide the adoption and implementation of e-learning at KTTC. The main objectives of the survey were, to: assess the level of e-learning readiness by establishing a baseline aggregate index; and, recommend activities to improve the readiness that facilitate effective deployment of e-learning technologies in teaching, learning and research. Various models used for measuring e-readiness within the ADDIE model of instructional design were reviewed. Engholms’ model for assessing e-learning readiness provided the conceptual foundation for the survey and informed its objectives and methodology. A survey was used to capture the respondents’ perception of the level of e-learning readiness along five dimensions adapted from Engholm using a five-point Likert scale. Samples were collected based on quantitative and qualitative methods using self-administered questionnaires and interviews.
Mobile Learning Research: the Focus for Policy-Makers
Authors: Traxler John 
Published: July 2022

Mobile learning has moved in the last decade from being a small, scattered research interest to being viewed by many international agencies as a way of delivering their humanitarian missions to the developing contexts of the global South. This paper explores and documents fundamental concepts and concerns that characterize or perhaps jeopardise the relationships between the ‘old’ research communities and ‘new’ policy maker communities working to improve the nature and scope of learning in the developing contexts of the global South using personal mobile digital technologies. As becomes apparent, these concepts and concerns are relevant and interesting across a broader range of domains, touching perhaps under-privilege and access to education and technology in both the global North and the global South, the uses of technology to extend, enhance and transform learning and the various pressures and determinants of policy-making and of the public funding of research.
Challenges of Adopting Open Educational Resources (OER) in Kenyan Secondary Schools: The Case of Open Resources for English Language Teaching (ORELT)
Authors: Orwenjo Daniel Ochieng , Erastus Fridah Kanana 
Published: July 2022

Kenya, like many African countries, has faced enormous challenges in the production of and access to quality relevant teaching and learning materials and resources in her primary and secondary school classrooms. This has been occasioned by a plethora of factors which include, but are not limited to a lack of finances, tradition, competence, and experience to develop such resources. Such a situation has persisted despite the existence and availability of many Open Educational Resources (OERs) that have been developed by many education stakeholders at enormous costs. Such freely available resources could potentially improve the quality of existing resources or help to develop new courses. Yet, their uptake and reuse in secondary and primary schools in Kenya continues to be very low. This paper reports the findings of a study in which Open Resources for English Language Teaching (ORELT) developed by the Commonwealth of Learning (COL), Canada, were piloted in sampled fifty (50) Kenyan secondary schools. The study applied the Model 1 – Distance and Dependence (Zhao et al 2002) model to investigate the challenges that hinder instructors to adopt and use ORELT materials. The study reported that poor infrastructure, negative attitudes, lack of ICT competencies, and other skill gaps among teachers and lack of administrative support are some of the implementation challenges that have continued to dog the implementation, adoption and use of OERs in Kenyan schools. The findings of the present study will go a long way in providing useful insights to the developers of OERs and Kenyan education stakeholders in devising strategies of maximum utilisation of OERs in the Kenyan school system.
Eliciting In-service Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge for 21st-Century Skills in Tanzania
Authors: Mtebe Joel S. , Raphael Christina 
Published: July 2022

The Tanzania Vision 2025 articulates the country's aspiration of becoming an industrialized and middle-income country by 2025. The education sector, which is the main driving force towards realizing this goal, is expected to bring about the right mix of high-quality skills for the rapid development of quality and adequate human resources. The kind of revolution needed is nevertheless impossible if teachers are not equipped with the necessary skills to bring in the desirable changes. This study adapted Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) for 21st-Century skills to investigate teachers’ competence levels of 21st-Century skills using self-reported survey and classroom observations from a sample of 132 teachers in 20 schools in Pwani and Morogoro regions. The study found out that many teachers have moderate self-reported confidence in all TPACK elements with technology. Conversely, teachers self-reported confidence levels in content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge was found to be high. The findings from this study provides valuable insights on how teachers use ICT to prepare students for 21-Century skills capable of supporting the country’s efforts towards developing an industrial economy.
Future Proofing Higher Education in the Pacific with Open and Flexible Learning
Authors: Naidu Som , Roberts Keith 
Published: July 2022

Affordable access to higher education is a major challenge for small Pacific island nations. The University of the South Pacific which is owned and governed by twelve island nations in this region plays a special role in meeting this challenge. In its fiftieth year, a few recent developments at USP provide a useful case study for how this challenge can be addressed to provide affordable access to educational opportunity for residents of twelve Pacific Island nations in various stages of development.The island nations served by the University of the South Pacific are spread over 33 million square kilometers of the Pacific, with several official languages and many more indigenous languages, and use seven distinct currencies. As USP celebrates its fiftieth year in 2018, it has embarked upon two specific initiatives that will enable the university to map out a pathway for the future of education for the next generation and within the context of current and new strategies for the design and implementation of meaningful education throughout the member nations. These initiatives are the development of a flexible learning policy and an Open Education Resources policy. Taking pages from the fields of Technology, Education (Learning and Teaching), and Design, these two USP policies seek to “future proof” the university for the next generation and others after that. Being future proofed means being able to stand the test of time in the face of changing contexts and challenges. University policies are most effective when they are designed to withstand and accommodate prospective changes in the educational landscape. These policies reflect agreed-upon principles that will withstand social and political changes. This paper is a commentary on the content of these policy initiatives around flexible learning and open education practices, their values and principles.
May the Fourth Be with you: Creating Education 4.0
Authors: Salmon Gilly 
Published: July 2022

The paper looks back across dominant ways of delivering Higher Education until the present day and then looks forward. There is an approximate continuum described from Education 1.0 through 2.0 to 3.0. Education is mapped onto the emergence and development of the Web and the revolutions known as ‘Industrial’ over the last 250 years. Then some foresight is deployed with the particular lens of graduates’ employment prospects and contributions to the future – dubbed ‘Education 4.0’. The paper hopes to stimulate dialogue and promote preparedness and innovation for more changes arriving fast over Higher Education’s wider horizons.