bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrapulmonary teratoma misdiagnosed as lung abscess
Authors: Li Fei , Wu Yuzhi , Ye Chunyu , Hao Juntao , Zhai Liqin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Intrapulmonary teratoma (IPT) is a rare type of extra gonadal teratoma. Due to the non-specific symptoms, it can be easily misdiagnosed as other diseases. The patient with IPT in our case was initially misdiagnosed with lung abscess, although he underwent bronchoscopy and percutaneous lung puncture biopsy.Case presentation: We reported an intrapulmonary teratoma in a 42-year-old male, who has persistent cough, expectoration and hemoptysis symptoms. Chest computed tomography showed a cavitary mass in the left upper lobe with heterogeneous components. The patient was misdiagnosed with lung abscess at first, who underwent some invasive examinations and was administered different antibiotics in peripheral hospitals. The mass containing silky and nonpigmented hairs were found in the left upper lobe by bronchoscopy in our hospital. Considering the rare bronchoscopic appearance, surgical resection was recommended and postoperative histopathologic examination finally confirmed the diagnosis of IPT.Conclusion: IPTs usually present non-specific symptoms and indistinguishable chest images, which can be easily misdiagnosed. The presences of fat and sebaceous material or masses of hair are highly specific and pathognomic signs for IPT. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatmemt are of great significance for the prognosis of patients with IPT.
Tobramycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Adult patients with Cystic Fibrosis: Clinical-Based Empiric Dosing versus Model-Informed Precision Dosing
Authors: PRAET Antonin , CHARLES Sandrine , WDOWIK Juliette , NAVE Viviane , DURUPT Stéphane , REYNAUD Quitterie , NOVE-JOSSERAND Raphaële , DURIEU Isabelle , REIX Philippe , BOURGUIGNON Laurent , GOUTELLE Sylvain 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:To inform rational dosing of antibiotics, traditional Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) with empiric dose adjustment of has been increasingly supplanted by the use of Model-Informed Precision Dosing (MIPD) software.Our objective was to evaluate a model-informed precision dosing approach specifically designed to individualize empiric tobramycin dosing in adults with cystic fibrosis, and to compare target attainment between both the model-based and the empiric dosing approaches. Methods:The BestDose MIPD-software has been used with a published population pharmacokinetic model of tobramycin. To evaluate the MIPD strategy, we used retrospective data from CF adults treated with tobramycin at our local CF center. Empiric dose adjustments from the clinical staff were examined.Using a simulation-based methodology, individualized tobramycin doses that maximize the probability of attaining a Cmax/MIC ratio of 32 mg/L were retrospectively calculated, and compared with empiric dose adjustments. Results:Overall, 101 CF adults were evaluated. Tobramycin Cmax in patients were low (mean of 25.7 ± 5.6 mg/L). The percentage of patients predicted to achieve a Cmax/MIC of ≥ 32 mg/L was low (12.0 %, mean dose of 8.8 ± 1.3 mg/kg) with empiric dose adjustment. TDM with retrospective PK/PD modelling suggest increasing tobramycin dosing in a much larger number of patients (88.0 %, mean dose of 11.6 ± 2.5 mg/kg). Conclusions:Tobramycin doses empirically corrected by clinicians after TDM were predicted to be still insufficient to achieve the efficacy target in most CF patients. Meanwhile a model-based dosing approach that individualizes the tobramycin dosing led to significantly improved achievement of expected target exposure levels in CF adults. Prospective clinical evaluation is warranted.
First report on the epidemiology of Buxtonella sulcata in bovines in Pakistan
Authors: Mughal Muhammad Adnan Sabir , Khan Muhammad Kasib , Abbas Zaheer , Chatha Abdullah Khalid , Abbas Rao Zahid , Qureshi Anas Sarwar , Mahmood Muhammad Shahid , Ali Sultan , Sindhu Zid-ud-Din , Zafar Arsalan , Nadeem Muhammad , Tariq Hamza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Gastro-intestinal parasites are prevalent across the world especially in developing countries. The prevalence is high in rural and semi-urban areas. Buxtonella (B.) sulcata is an opportunistic protozoan parasite causing gastrointestinal (GI) problems in cattle and buffaloes which serve as the reservoir host for this zoonotic pathogen. The oocysts of this parasite are resistant to chemical treatment and survive well in harsh environmental conditions like temperature, humidity etc. outside the host. In Pakistan, limited published data is available on molecular studies on prevalence of this parasite in bovines and associated risk factors. Briefly, 384 faecal samples (as determined through epidemiological sample size calculation formula) were collected from cattle and buffaloes from four towns of District Faisalabad through simple random sampling method. On a pre-designed questionnaire with closed ended questions, data on certain associated risk factors of GI protozoal infections was gathered. Parasitic oocysts were separated from faeces by using centrifugal floatation technique. DNA extraction was done from isolated oocysts of parasites followed by PCR analysis using genus specific primers (18S rRNA gene). Out of total samples collected, 78 samples were found positive for Buxtonella spp. with prevalence rate of 20.31%. The highest prevalence was observed in Lyallpur town 26.17% followed by Iqbal town 19.59%, Jinnah town 14.13% and Madina town 10.23%, respectively. The infection was found higher in buffaloes as compared to cattle in the study zone. Upon phylogenetic analysis, B. sulcata showed 90% similarity with Balantidium (B.) coli isolated from pigs (Accession No. MT191774.1) through Minimum Evolution Method by using Bootstrap test of phylogeny. In conclusion, we need appropriate preventive measures in order to prevent its zoonotic transmission.
Whole genome re-sequencing uncovers significant population structure and low genetic diversity in the threatened clouded apollo (Parnasssius mnemosyne) in Sweden
Authors: Talla Venkat , Mrazek Veronika , Höglund Jacob , Backström Niclas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The clouded apollo Clouded Apollo (Parnassius mnemosyne) is formerly used to have a widely distributed, Eurasian butterfly species that shows declining population numbers in many different regions. Within Sweden, both thewider distribution range and the population size has decreased dramatically over the latest decades and the species is now only found in Fenno Scandia but is in Sweden at present one of the most endangered butterflies confined to three geographically isolated regions. separated regional metapopulations: Blekinge, Roslagen and Västernorrland. Especially the Blekinge population have in recent years declined and show low numbers of adults (N<10 in some localities). It is subjected to a species action plan which includes habitat restorations and keeping a breeding population at the zoo Nordens Ark aimed at producing individuals for release and reintroductions. Here, we apply whole-genome resequencing of clouded apollo individuals collected in the three natural populations and athe captive population in Sweden and apply population genomic approaches to get a better understanding of the genetic structure and levels of genetic diversity in the species. We find that the clouded apollo populations in the different geographic regions have similar, but comparatively low levels of genetic diversity and we find evidence for significant genetic differentiation between the northernmost population and the populations in southern Sweden. Additional analysis, including previously available mitochondrial data unveil that a bi-directional re-colonization of Fennoscandia after the latest glacial maximum most likely is the explanation for the considerable differentiation between some Swedish populations. Finally, we find evidence for population sub-structure in one of the Swedish populations. The results provide insights into the genetic consequences of population size declines and fragmentation in general and provide important information for direct conservation actions for the clouded apollo in Sweden in particular.
Molecular detection and seasonal prevalence of small ruminants coccidiosis in the central Zagros region (Iran)
Authors: Karimzadeh Maryam , Kojouri Gholamali , Azizi Hamidreza , Pirali Yaser , Shiran Behrouz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Coccidiosis (Eimeria spp.) is a parasite disease in small ruminants that causes diarrhea, weight loss and reduced economic benefits. The purpose of this epidemiological study was to use microscopical and molecular assays to detect coccidia prevalence and isolate species-specific Eimeria from sheep and goats kept in a common pan at high altitude in the central Zagros region. The central Zagros region is a mountainous, semi-humid and cold region with average rainfall which its southern counties are warmer than other districts. For these reasons, throughout the course of several seasons, 1200 fecal samples were obtained from three age groups (less than six months, six to twelve months, and more than six months). Oocytes were counted using saturated saline floating and modified MacMaster techniques and the physical characteristics of sporulated Eimeria oocytes were used to identify them. Finally, all positive fecal samples were sent to a PCR analysis, and coccidia infection was verified. Eimeria infection was shown to be more prevalent in sheep than in goats, with the highest prevalence in spring and the lowest in winter. Females and animals younger than 6 months were similarly found to be more susceptible to Eimeriosis than males and older animals (P < 0.05). In comparison to the southern (1556 meters above sea level) area, the western (2365 meters) and eastern (2432 meters) counties had the highest rates of oocyst excretion in sheep and goats, respectively. In addition, a total of fourteen Eimeria species were isolated, including the highly pathogenic Eimeria granulosa for sheep and E. jolchijevi for goats. These findings explain how coccidia prevalence varies with age, season, and geographic direction, and use of PCR to rule out the possibility of co-infection between sheep and goats kept in the same stall. region.
Study on the critical groundwater depth of controlling risk management in a semi-arid irrigated area in China based on recharge-discharge relationship
Authors: jing haihua , Zhang Jing , Dong Kebao B. , Jin Zexu , Ma Jiaqi , Yan Yuru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The imbalance between exploitation and recharge and the yearly decline in water tables is a common water resource problem in semi-arid areas in China. To ensure the sustainable use of groundwater and the stability of the regional hydrological cycle, a reasonable groundwater control table need to be determined to achieve a balance between groundwater exploitation and recharge. Based on the characteristics of the vertical hydrological cycle in semi-arid irrigation areas, this paper used a combination of in situ field experiments and software simulations to calculate the groundwater infiltration recharge under three types of subsurface conditions, namely, drip irrigation under mulch, border irrigation, and bare area, and to analyze the relationship between groundwater infiltration recharge and groundwater table. Based on the relationship between groundwater recharge and discharge, the critical groundwater depth of maintaining exploitation and recharge balance (CGDM) for drip irrigation under mulch was calculated to be 131.52-187.15 cm, and the critical groundwater depth of disrupting exploitation and recharge balance (CGDD) was 307.66-363.67 cm. For border irrigation, the CGDM was 80.00-84.34 cm and the CGDD was 198.87-248.44 cm. It also proposed a groundwater table management strategy to address the risk of imbalance in regional groundwater exploitation and recharge. The critical groundwater depth of controlling risk management (CGDC) can be used for regional groundwater management and guidance for agricultural irrigation, providing technical support for achieving regional groundwater exploitation and recharge balance and maintaining a stable hydrological cycle.
Assessment of Wetlands Aquaculture Practice in the Southern Kerala District, Kerala.
Authors: K varun prasath , ps amritha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In Kerala, out of 11.14 lakh of fishers, 2.55 lakh in the inland fishers. Also, 34199.5 ha area of inland wetlands have great potential for fishery resources, but not well documented. In this paper, the contribution of wetland ecosystem resources to fisheries in the Southern Kerala district (SKD) is because of fewer studies. Surveyed 75 inland wetlands and, 247 respondents from areas next to wetlands in five districts of Kerala by group discussions, key informant interviews, and direct observations methods. In Kerala, fish rearing is predominant in Thrissur and Ernakulam district, followed by prawn culture and less mixed cultures. Also, identified 34 fish species, exotic (14.7%), local (85.29%), and three prawn varieties had reared throughout the year. The Pearson correlation results revealed a significant positive relationship between the wetland fish catch and the mesh size (r = 90, .391, p < 000), net length (r = 70, .205, p < .198) and net cost (r = 96, .239, p < 018). According to fishers' capacity, the cost of rearing fish, materials, and expenses is varied. Mostly, the traditional fishing method used and 4–6 fishers required during harvesting and catching. The fishing business had done on a partnership basis, and 63% earns a monthly income below Rs.5000. A sampling of fish diversity provides current knowledge on wetland fisheries and economic status in the SKD. The wetland fishing practices facing severe impacts on recent climate changes, labor cost, and other practical difficulties lead to shifting forms in small-scale fishers nowadays.
Microscopic Modelling of a Wireless Nerve Stimulator Without Electrodes
Authors: Smith Luke Anthony , Bem Jaedon , Lv Xiaojing , Lauto Antonio , Sliow Ashour , Ma Zhiyuan , Mahns David , Berryman Carolyn , Hutchinson Mark , Fumeaux Christophe , Tettamanzi Giuseppe Carlo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Electric-field stimulation of neuronal activity can be used to improve the speed of regeneration for severed and damaged nerves. Most techniques, however, require invasive electronic circuitry which can be uncomfortable for the patient and can damage surrounding tissue. A recently suggested technique by Sliow et al instead uses a graft-antenna - a metal ring wrapped around the damaged nerve - powered by an external magnetic stimulation device. This technique requires no electrodes and internal circuitry; all power is provided wirelessly. This paper examines the microscopic mechanisms which allow the magnetic stimulation device to cause neural activation via the graft-antenna. A computational model of the system was created and used to find that under magnetic stimulation, diverging electric fields appear at the metal ring’s edges. If the magnetic stimulation is sufficient, the gradients of these fields can trigger neural activation in the nerve. In agreement with in vivo measurements on rat sciatic nerves, direct contact between the antenna and the nerve ensures neural activation given sufficient magnetic stimulation. Simulations also showed that the presence of a thin gap between the graft-antenna and the nerve does not preclude neural activation but does reduce its efficacy.
Unique case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of ampulla of Vater with microsatellite instability and response to pembrolizumab immunotherapy
Authors: Samad Muhammad Adeel , Shelton Jarod , Asplund Martin , Penna Diane C. Shih Della , Johnson Dennis E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is a very rare entity and there are only 11 reported cases to date. We describe a case of primary SCC of the ampulla of Vater with microsatellite instability (MSI) and response to pembrolizumab immunotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of SCC of the ampulla of Vater with MSI. Our patient is a 40-year-old male who presented with direct bilirubinemia (total bilirubin: 10.7, direct bilirubin: 7.1) and was noted to have a pancreatic head mass that measured 6.6 x 5.5 x 5.5 cm. The patient underwent a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy with lymph node dissection. Pathology showed 5.5 x 3.5 x 3.5 cm squamous cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater based on positive p40 and CK5 on immunohistochemistry. It was noted to be invading the pancreatic head and duodenal mucosal. Surgical margins were negative. Adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFIRINOX (irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin) was not performed because of active Hepatitis C infection. Chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and radiation therapy was initiated however patient had progression of disease despite that. The patient was transitioned to Pembrolizumab in the context of MSI high tumor with palliative intent. He had an excellent response to immunotherapy. The therapy was stopped after 18 cycles at patient's request because of persistent symptoms of dizziness and lethargy. At the eight-month follow-up after the last cycle of immunotherapy (2.5 years after surgical resection), the patient had no evidence of relapse on the CT scan.
Efficacy of rabeprazole (Razo®) in the treatment of various clinical variants of GERD: results from the GERBERA study
Authors: Tsukanov V. V. , Cherepnin M. A. , Vasyutin A. V. , Tonkikh J. L. , Kasparov E. V. , Maslennikova N. A. , Pavlova N. V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is extremely common in the structure of gastroenterological diseases. Aim. To conduct a prospective observational post-marketing study of rabeprazole (Razo®) 20 mg taking once daily in patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) after 2 and 4 weeks of therapy and esophagitis stage A and B after 4 weeks of therapy (GERBERA).Materials and methods. 75 patients with GERD were included in the study (36 men and 39 women, mean age 41.7 ± 1.5 years). Clinical examination with the completion of standard questionnaires, assessment of the quality of life of patients were performed at three visits: before the start of the treatment, after 2 and 4 weeks of therapy. Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed in all patients before treatment and in patients with esophagitis after 4 weeks of therapy. All patients received rabeprazole (Razo®) at a dose of 20 mg once a day for the treatment of GERD. The diagnosis of heartburn and sour eructation was carried out according to the recommendations of the Montreal Consensus, the diagnosis of esophagitis was performed based on the Los Angeles classification.Results and discussion. Among patients with NERD, 74.1% of patients responded to Razo® therapy after 2 weeks of treatment, after 4 weeks the proportion of responders increased to 94.4% (p = 0.008). Healing of erosions after 4 weeks was observed in 90.5% of patients with esophagitis. Razo® therapy was accompanied by a pronounced improvement in GERD patients in all parameters of quality of life and patient satisfaction with the results of Razo® treatment.Conclusion. Based on the results of our study, we obtained high efficacy of Razo® at a dose of 20 mg once a day for the treatment of patients with NERD and erosive esophagitis.
Pathogenetic and clinical significance of the gut-liver microbiota axis
Authors: Dicheva D. T. , Andreev D. N. 
Published: May 2022

Today, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) account for more than 50% of chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis in developed countries. The clinical significance of these pathologies lies in the formation of liver fibrosis and, therefore, in the increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are life-threatening conditions. NAFLD is based on obesity and insulin resistance, whereas alcohol consumption is central to the etiopathogenesis of ALD. Recently, the role of the gut-liver microbiota axis in the genesis of NAFLD and ALD has also received increasing attention. Changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of intestinal microbiota and alterations of barrier function of intestinal mucosa can lead to entry of intraluminal antigens through portal vein system into the liver, inducing damage to hepatocytes and activation of proinflammatory processes. It is shown that in patients with CLD (NAFLD and ALD) there is an increase in the permeability of the intestinal mucosa and dysbiotic changes of the intestinal microbiome. The role of the gut-liver microbiota axis is well described in the genesis of NAFLD and ALD. Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased colonies of Gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal mucosa and, therefore, to the accumulation of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide components of bacterial cell membranes). Acetaldehyde produced by ADH of the intestinal epithelium stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of tight cell contacts, increasing intestinal mucosal permeability, which leads to translocation of endotoxins into the portal bloodstream. Obesity is a major risk factor for NAFLD, which is also associated with dysbiotic changes in the intestinal microbiome. Obese individuals have increased Firmicutes, decreased Bacteroidetes, mediated reduction of short-chain fatty acid synthesis and increased intestinal wall permeability due to disruption of intercellular dense contacts, which leads to increased translocation of bacteria and endotoxins into the systemic bloodstream.
Neighborhood search for solving personal scheduling problem in available time windows with split-min and deadline constraints
Authors: Trang Son Hong , Tran Lang Van , Huynh Nguyen Tuong 
Published: May 2022

The scheduling of individual jobs with certain constraints so that efficiency is a matter of concern. Jobs have deadlines to complete, can be broken down but not too small, and will be scheduled into some available time windows. The goal of the problem is to find a solution so that all jobs are completed as soon as possible. This problem is proved to be a strongly $NP$-hard problem. The implementation of the proposed MILP model using a CPLEX solver was also conducted to determine the optimal solution for the small-size dataset. For large-size dataset, heuristic algorithms are recommended such as First Come First Served (FCFS), Earliest Deadline (EDL), and neighborhood search including Stochastic Hill Climbing (SHC), Random Restart Hill Climbing (RRHC), Simulated Annealing (SA) to determine a good solution in an acceptable time. Experimental results will present in detail the performance among the groups of exact, heuristic, and neighborhood search methods.