bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optoelectronic investigation and spectroscopic characteristics of polyamide-66 polymer
Authors: Al-Shawabkeh Ali F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A semi-crystalline designated nylon 66 polymer is a crucial, high-performance engineering material that is used in wide variety of industrial applications including sensors, electrical insulators, electronic devices, and automotive sector. Using modules based on density functional theory and finite-field approaches, this work explores the optoelectronic and spectroscopic characteristics of this polymer. Absorption, dielectric function, refractive index, and optical conductivity are the principle topics of this study. The effects indicated that nylon 66 is a first-rate insulator and the degree of crystallinity estimated is 46.44%. The simulated bandgap vs. the Tauc relation value is greater than 7.0 eV and has a proportional inaccuracy of 2.36%. Absorption coefficient value, however, suggests that while the refractive index and dielectric function remain stable, the optical conductivity is elevated. In order to determine the advantages appropriate for many applications, this research develops a strong basis and perception of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of nylon 66.
The lords of the Amber Road: amber storage, distribution and processing in the early Iron Age and the La Tène period
Authors: Dulęba Przemysław , Markiewicz Joanna Ewa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In its early Iron Age heyday, amber items were in widespread use all along the Amber Road. The amount, type and deposition patterns of the amber accessories varied between the particular traditions, reaching lavish standards in some of the Hallstatt graves. As the disintegration of the Hallstatt communities north of the Sudetes disrupted the connection between the Baltic coast societies and the La Tène civilisation in the south, the early La Tène period saw a dramatic decline in the amber exchange and a significant decrease in the amount of amber deposited in archaeological contexts. While in the north the amber gradually fell into disfavour, the La Tène civilisation had never abandoned it. At the same time, its deposition contexts, distribution and symbolic load seem to have changed over time.
Investigation on mechanical and conductive behaviors of nano-graphite-based concrete
Authors: Zhou Jie , Li Fan , Zhang Yanan , Du Xin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate an approach to the electricity conductivity of nano-graphite in concrete by experiments, and different doses of nano-graphite have a different influence on the electrical conductivity of the whole structure. In this research project, the compression test was carried out on a 50 mm × 100 mm cylinder using a Baldwin machine and a digital multimeter to measure the conductivity. To find out the patterns of how different nano-graphites influence the properties of concrete structures, multifarious percentages of nano-graphite’s content are employed for testing both the electrical resistivity and compressive strength. These results are important to predict and prevent structural failure and fill the gap in nano-graphene concrete research, thereby saving human lives and significantly reducing the structures’ cost of maintenance and repair.
Improving Variational Encoder-Decoders in Dialogue Generation
Authors: Shen Xiaoyu , Su Hui , Niu Shuzi , Demberg Vera 
Published: November 2022

Variational encoder-decoders (VEDs) have shown promising results in dialogue generation. However, the latent variable distributions are usually approximated by a much simpler model than the powerful RNN structure used for encoding and decoding, yielding the KL-vanishing problem and inconsistent training objective. In this paper, we separate the training step into two phases: The first phase learns to autoencode discrete texts into continuous embeddings, from which the second phase learns to generalize latent representations by reconstructing the encoded embedding. In this case, latent variables are sampled by transforming Gaussian noise through multi-layer perceptrons and are trained with a separate VED model, which has the potential of realizing a much more flexible distribution. We compare our model with current popular models and the experiment demonstrates substantial improvement in both metric-based and human evaluations.
Placing Objects in Gesture Space: Toward Incremental Interpretation of Multimodal Spatial Descriptions
Authors: Han Ting , Kennington Casey , Schlangen David 
Published: November 2022

When describing routes not in the current environment, a common strategy is to anchor the description in configurations of salient landmarks, complementing the verbal descriptions by "placing" the non-visible landmarks in the gesture space. Understanding such multimodal descriptions and later locating the landmarks from real world is a challenging task for the hearer, who must interpret speech and gestures in parallel, fuse information from both modalities, build a mental representation of the description, and ground the knowledge to real world landmarks. In this paper, we model the hearer's task, using a multimodal spatial description corpus we collected. To reduce the variability of verbal descriptions, we simplified the setup to use simple objects as landmarks. We describe a real-time system to evaluate the separate and joint contribution of the modalities. We show that gestures not only help to improve the overall system performance, even if to a large extent they encode redundant information, but also result in earlier final correct interpretations. Being able to build and apply representations incrementally will be of use in more dialogical settings, we argue, where it can enable immediate clarification in cases of mismatch.
Public health community engagement with Asian populations in British Columbia during COVID-19: towards a culture-centered approach
Authors: Pringle Wendy , Sachal Sukhmeet Singh , Dhutt Gurvir Singh , Kestler Mary , Dubé Ève , Bettinger Julie A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
COVID-19 has posed significant challenges to those who endeavour to provide equitable public health information and services. We examine how community leaders, advocates, and public health communication specialists have approached community engagement among Asian immigrant and diaspora communities in British Columbia throughout the pandemic.

Methods
Qualitative interviews with 27 participants working with Asian communities in a healthcare, community service, or public health setting, inductively coded and analyzed following the culture-centred approach to health communication, which focuses on intersections of structure, culture, and agency.

Results
Participants detailed outreach efforts aimed at those who might not be reached by conventional public health communication strategies. Pre-existing structural barriers such as poverty, racial disparities, and inequitable employment conditions were cited as complicating Asian diaspora communities’ experience of the pandemic. Such disparities exacerbated the challenges of language barriers, information overload, and rapidly shifting recommendations. Participants suggested building capacity within existing community service and public health outreach infrastructures, which were understood to be too lean to meet community needs, particularly in a pandemic setting.

Conclusion
A greater emphasis on collaboration is key to the provision of health services and information for these demographic groups. Setting priorities according to community need, in direct collaboration with community representatives, and further integrating pre-existing bonds of trust within communities into public health communication and engagement strategies would facilitate the provision of more equitable health information and services. This mode of engagement forgoes the conventional focus on individual behaviour change, and focuses instead on fostering community connections. Such an approach harmonizes with community support work, strengthening the capacity of community members to secure health during public health emergencies.
Public health communication in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lowe Maya , Harmon Shawn H. E. , Kholina Ksenia , Parker Rachel , Graham Janice E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Communication is central to the implementation and effectiveness of public health measures. Informed by theories of good governance, COVID-19 pandemic public health messaging in 3 Canadian provinces is assessed for its potential to encourage or undermine public trust and adherence.

Methods
This study employed a mixed-methods constant comparative approach to triangulate epidemiological COVID-19 data and qualitative data from news releases, press briefings, and key informant interviews. Communications were analyzed from January 2020 to October 2021 in Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Alberta. Interview data came from 34 semi-structured key informant interviews with public health actors across Canada. Team-based coding and thematic analysis were conducted to analyze communications and interview transcripts.

Results
Four main themes emerged as integral to good communication: transparency, promptness, clarity, and engagement of diverse communities. Our data indicate that a lack of transparency surrounding evidence and public health decision-making, delays in public health communications, unclear and inconsistent terminology and activities within and across jurisdictions, and communications that did not consider or engage diverse communities’ perspectives may have decreased the effectiveness of public health communications and adherence to public health measures throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion
This study suggests that increased federal guidance with wider jurisdictional collaboration backed by transparent evidence could improve the effectiveness of communication practices by instilling public trust and adherence with public health measures. Effective communication should be transparent, supported by reliable evidence, prompt, clear, consistent, and sensitive to diverse values. Improved communication training, established engagement infrastructure, and increased collaborations and diversity of decision-makers and communicators are recommended.
Seismic activity of the San Francisco Bay region
Authors: Bakun William H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMoment magnitude M with objective confidence-level uncertainties are estimated for felt San Francisco Bay region earthquakes using Bakun and Went-worth's (1997) analysis strategy for seismic intensity observations. The frequency-magnitude distribution is well described for M ≧ 5.5 events since 1850 by a Gutenberg-Richter relation with a b-value of 0.90. The seismic moment rate ΣM0/yr since 1836 is 2.68 × 1018 N-m/yr (95% confidence range = 1.29 × 1018 N-m/yr to 4.07 × 1018 N-m/yr); the seismic moment rate since 1850 is nearly the same. ΣM0/yr in the 56 years before 1906 is about 10 times that in the 70 years after 1906. In contrast, ΣM0/yr since 1977 is about equal that in the 56 years before 1906. 80% (1σ = 14%) of the plate-motion moment accumulation rate is available for release in earthquakes. The historical ΣM0/yr and the portion of the plate-motion moment accumulation rate available for release in earthquakes are used in a seismic cycle model to estimate the rate of seismic activity in the twenty-first century. High and low rates of future seismic activity are both permissible given the range of possible seismic-cycle recurrence times T and the uncertainties in the historical ΣM0 and in the percentage of plate motion available for release in earthquakes. If the historical seismic moment rate is not greater than the estimated 2.68 × 1018 N-m/yr and the percentage of the plate-motion moment accumulation available for release in earthquakes is not less than the estimated 80%, then for all T, the rate of seismic moment release from now until the next 1906-sized shock will be comparable to the rate from 1836 to 1905 when M 6 1/2 shocks occurred every 15 to 20 years.
Inversion of travel-time data for earthquake locations and three-dimensional velocity structure in the Eureka Valley area, eastern California
Authors: Asad A. M. , Pullammanappallil S. K. , Anooshehpoor A. , Louie J. N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We develop an earthquake travel-time inversion methodology suitable for determining three-dimensional velocity structure and fault-plane orientation for an area with limited a priori information. Using a cascaded combination of a nonlinear simulated annealing optimization and linearized inversion, we investigate local three-dimensional compressional velocity structure and estimate the orientation of a fault plane in the Eureka Valley area of eastern California. We inverted travel times recorded at 20 permanent and 8 portable stations from an M 6.1 mainshock and a few hundred aftershocks for P-wave velocity and hypocentral coordinates. Using the velocity model obtained by the nonlinear optimization as an initial model for linearized inversion, we relocated the hypocenters and further fine-tuned the model. The relocated hypocenters define a north-northwest-trending fault dipping steeply westward. The final crustal velocity model features a low-velocity trend along the strike of the Eureka Valley and a high-velocity block southwest of the valley. Compared with a fully linearized inversion, our scheme demonstrates independence of the final results on the initial model and the potential of avoiding local minima.
Régimen patrimonial de los matrimonios internacionales. Ley aplicable y pactos permitidos en el derecho internacional privado
Authors: Delgado Menéndez María del Carmen 
Published: November 2022

El creciente número de matrimonios «internacionales», con nacionalidades, domicilios y patrimonios que vinculan a los esposos con diversos países y que generan relaciones patrimoniales tanto entre los cónyuges como con terceros, pone en evidencia la importancia del tema relativo al régimen económico patrimonial de dichos matrimonios. Esta situación reclama nuestra atención hacia las normas de derecho internacional privado en base a las cuales ha de determinarse cuál es la ley aplicable a este régimen, pues es precisamente esta ley la que definirá, entre otros, cuál es el régimen patrimonial que lo rige, cuáles son sus efectos, cuáles son los pactos permitidos y cuáles son las vías legales para que los esposos puedan cambiar el régimen vigente. En este artículo nos referimos particularmente a lo que deben tener en cuenta los matrimonios internacionales para determinar cuál es la ley aplicable a su régimen patrimonial, cuáles son los regímenes económicos patrimoniales de mayor vigencia en el mundo y cuáles son las principales similitudes y diferencias entre dichos regímenes. Ilustramos la importancia de este tema relacionándolo a circunstancias, cada vez más frecuentes, en las que los esposos cambian repetidamente el lugar del domicilio conyugal, involucrando diversos Estados y generando interrogantes respecto a la ley que habrá de aplicarse para determinar su régimen patrimonial, las principales características y efectos del régimen económico que los ha de regir y las vías legales a las que los esposos pueden recurrir para modificar dicho régimen. A modo de ejemplo, recurrimos al supuesto de un matrimonio internacional que vincula a España y a Perú, por tratarse de cónyuges que tuvieron su primer domicilio en Madrid, España, pero que hoy residen en Lima, Perú. Indicamos cuál es el factor de conexión previsto en las normas peruanas de derecho internacional privado para determinar cuál es la ley que regula el régimen patrimonial de un matrimonio internacional. Nos referimos, asimismo, a los regímenes patrimoniales de los matrimonios previstos en la legislación peruana y en la española, incluyendo sus características y efectos y las vías legales existentes para que los esposos puedan modificar dicho régimen. Finalmente, se formulan algunas propuestas específicas de modificación normativa que permitiría que el Perú cuente con un marco normativo que brinde mayor previsibilidad y seguridad jurídica a los regímenes patrimoniales de los matrimonios internacionales.
Occult Fractures in Children with a Radiographic Fat Pad Sign of the Elbow
Authors: Kappelhof B. , Roorda B.L. , Poppelaars M.A. , The B. , Eygendaal D. , Mulder P.G.H. , van Bergen C.J.A. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
A radiographic fat pad sign after an elbow injury in children may indicate an occult fracture. Different incidences and locations of occult fractures have been reported. The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the overall rate of occult fractures in children with a positive fat pad sign from the data of original studies. Secondary objectives were to assess the fracture types and to identify risk factors for sustaining an occult fracture.

Methods:
A systematic literature search of the Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies on pediatric populations with a positive fat pad sign identified using a lateral elbow radiograph and with follow-up imaging were included in this meta-analysis. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias with use of the MINORS (Methodological Index for NOn-Randomized Studies) instrument.

Results:
Ten studies with a total of 250 patients, of whom 104 had an occult fracture, were included. Accounting for heterogeneity between the studies, the overall occult fracture rate was 44.6% (95% confidence interval: 30.4% to 59.7%). The most common fracture locations were the supracondylar humerus (43%), proximal ulna (19%), proximal radius (17%), and lateral humeral condyle (14%). Definitions of a positive pad fad sign were not uniform among studies, and the follow-up imaging modality also varied (radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography). The average MINORS score was 10.1 for the 7 noncomparative studies and 18.7 for the 3 comparative studies, with both averages classified as moderate quality. We were not able to identify risk factors for an occult fracture in the presence of a positive fat pad sign.

Conclusions:
The occult fracture rate was 44.6% in pediatric elbow injuries with a positive fat pad sign. Supracondylar humeral fractures were the most frequently encountered type. The findings of this meta-analysis underline the potential clinical relevance of a positive fat pad sign in children and denote the opportunity for future studies to create evidence-based guidelines.

Level of Evidence:

Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Tiantian , Zhang Qian , Li Li , Xu Chunhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, some studies reported neoadjuvant therapy for stage IB-III lung cancer could achieve pathological downstaging and surgical resection. Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease with different subtypes, multidisciplinary teams-led management, and a poor prognosis. However, the clinical benefits of stage III NSCLC in the neoadjuvant setting are still unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of published data on neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in stage III NSCLC to systematically evaluate its efficacy and safety.
Methods
We searched the databases to identify eligible studies of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for stage III NSCLC. The primary outcomes mainly included pathological and radiological response outcomes, the feasibility of surgery, and the safety of the regimen. The pathological and radiological response included the rate of major pathologic response (MPR), complete pathologic response (pCR), radiological response outcomes, and R0 resection; The feasibility included the rate of surgical resection, conversion to thoracotomy, surgical complications, pathological downstaging of clinical disease stage. The safety included the incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and severe adverse events (SAEs). R 4.1.3 software was conducted for data analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses were performed.
Results
Nine trials containing a total of 382 populations were eligible for the meta-analysis, with the pooled surgical resection rate of 90%. Owing to the large heterogeneity of the single-rate meta-analysis, the random effect model was adopted. The estimated pooled prevalence of MPR was 56% (95%CI, 0.39–0.72) and of pCR was 39% (95%CI, 0.28–0.51). The pooled rate of TRAEs was 65% (95%CI, 0.17–0.99) and SAEs was 24% (95%CI, 0.05–0.49). Compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy achieved more pathological and radiological relief, and has a high surgical resection rate and low risk of conversion to thoracotomy and surgical complications, with poor tolerance of toxicity but rarely developing life-threatening adverse events.
Conclusion
In conclusion, neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy is suggested to be beneficial for stage III NSCLC, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy.
The multiway support of phytoremediation efficiency of soil historically co-contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals using Zea mays
Authors: Gobetti Sara , Kumor Agata , Płociniczak Tomasz , Prach Marta , Sinkkonen Aki , Pacwa-Płociniczak Magdalena 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals was studied using Zea mays that was supported with the addition of plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas qingdaonensis ZCR6 and meat and bone meal. The introduced ZCR6 strain was able to survive in the soil and colonize the tissues of maize; however, it did not support plant growth and biomass production or have an impact on hydrocarbon removal. The amendment of the soil with meat and bone meal had a negative impact on the growth of maize however it enhanced soil microbial activity and thus the degradation of hydrocarbons. The efficacy of hydrocarbon removal estimated in fertilized soils reached a value of 32% regardless of the treatment. Z. mays was able to accumulate Zn, Cd and Cu in the presence of hydrocarbons, with the highest phytoextraction ability of Zn. The activity of the mechanisms enhancing the phytoremediation was tested through the quantification of the expression of the selected genes. Among them only acdS, encoding ACC deaminase, and CYP153, encoding cytochrome P450-type alkane hydroxylase, were expressed. As far as we are aware, these are the first results tackling the global problem of co-contaminated soils using a slow-release meat and bone meal fertilizer and a plant-growth-promoting microbe.
Deep neural network based on F-neurons and its learning
Authors: Bodyanskiy Yevgeniy , Kostiuk Serhii 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Artificial neural networks are widely used in data processing and Data Mining. In contrast to traditional artificial neural networks, deep neural networks employ many artificial neuron blocks and more than three layers. An increase in the number of neuron blocks and layers improves the approximation capabilities but leads to the effects of exploding and vanishing gradients. Deep neural networks often employ piece-wise activation functions like ReLU to overcome the effects of exploding and vanishing gradients. We propose F-neuron as an adaptive alternative to piece-wise activation functions. Like ReLU, F-neuron does not suffer from the effects of exploding and vanishing gradient. F-neuron changes its form during the training, can approximate any currently used function, and synthesize new task-specific functions. We show that F-neuron can synthesize new task-specific functions and achieve higher approximation quality in existing neural network architectures. We evaluate the performance of the F-neuron on two image classification datasets (Fashion-MNIST and CIFAR-10) in two different architectures (LeNet-5 and KerasNet).