bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective emergence of antibody-secreting cells in the multiple sclerosis brain
Authors: Bogers Laurens , Engelenburg Hendrik J. , Janssen Malou , Unger Peter-Paul A. , Melief Marie-José , Wierenga-Wolf Annet F. , Hsiao Cheng-Chih , Mason Matthew R.J. , Hamann Jörg , Langelaar Jamie , Smolders Joost , Luijn Marvin M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough distinct brain-homing B cells have been identified in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is unknown how these further evolve to contribute to local pathology. In this study, we explored B-cell maturation in the central nervous system (CNS) of MS and control brain donors and determined their association with immunoglobulin (Ig) production, T-cell presence and lesion formation. MethodsEx vivo multicolor flow cytometry was performed on postmortem blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), meninges and white matter from 28 MS and 10 non-demented control donors. MS brain tissue sections were analyzed with immunostainings and laser-capture microdissection to obtain paired lesional rims and perilesional areas. IgG index and CSF oligoclonal bands were measured with nephelometry, isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. Blood-derived B cells from MS patients and healthy controls were cocultured under T follicular helper-like conditions to evaluate their ASC-differentiating capacity in vitro.ResultsASC versus B-cell ratios were increased in postmortem CNS compartments of MS but not control donors. Local presence of ASCs associated with a mature CD45low phenotype, focal MS lesional activity, lesional Ig gene expression, and CSF IgG levels as well as clonality. In vitro blood B-cell maturation into ASCs did not differ between MS and control donors. Notably, lesional CD4+ memory T cells positively correlated with the presence of ASCs, which was accompanied by local interaction with T cells.Conclusion These findings provide evidence that local B cells in MS preferentially mature into ASCs, which are largely responsible for both intrathecal and local Ig production. This is especially seen in active MS white matter lesions and likely depends on the interaction with CD4+ memory T cells that are locally present.
Pericoronary adipose tissue differences among plaque types: a retrospective assessment Abstract
Authors: Jing Mengyuan , Sun Jianqing , Zhou Qing , Sun Jiachen , Li Xiangwen , Xi Huaze , Zhang Bin , Lin Xiaoqiang , Deng Liangna , Han Tao , Zhou Junlin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To assess differences in pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) in patients with different plaque types by using several quantitative parameters of PCAT and investigate the relationship between PCAT and different plaque types.Methods: We retrospectively recruited 488 patients diagnosed with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) via coronary computed tomographic angiography, including 279 with calcified plaques (CP), 153 with non-calcified plaques (NCP), and 56 with mixed plaques (MP). Volume, fat attenuation index (FAI), and 10th percentile, 90th percentile, median, and minimum Hounsfield unit (HU) values of PCAT surrounding plaques were quantified using semi-automated software. Clinical features and quantitative PCAT parameters were compared between different plaque types.Results: No between-group differences were observed for age, sex, body mass index, risk factors, and plaque location. Length and PCAT volume in the NCP group were lower than those of the CP and MP groups (P < 0.001), whereas there were no significant differences between the CP and MP groups (P > 0.05). Patients with NCP and MP had a higher FAI and 10th percentile, 90th percentile, median, and minimum HU values of PCAT than CP (P < 0.001); however these values were not significantly different between the NCP and MP groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The quantitative parameters of PCAT, as a biosensor for CAD, vary among the different plaque types.
Automated Sunspot Detection as an Alternative to Visual Observations
Authors: Hanaoka Yoichiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We developed an automated method for sunspot detection using digital white-light solar images to achieve a performance similar to that of visual drawing observations in sunspot counting. To identify down to small, isolated spots correctly, we pay special attention to the accurate derivation of the quiet-disk component of the Sun, which is used as a reference to identify sunspots using a threshold. This threshold is determined using an adaptive method to process images obtained under various conditions. To eliminate the seeing effect, our method can process multiple images taken within a short time. We applied the developed method to digital images captured at three sites and compared the detection results with those of visual observations. We conclude that the proposed sunspot detection method has a similar performance to that of visual observation. This method can be widely used by public observatories and amateurs as well as professional observatories as an alternative to hand-drawn visual observation for sunspot counting.
Adult Cystic Lymphangioma and its features: A case report and literature review
Authors: V Shyam Saravanan , R Jayakumar , K Thenmozhi , Shivam Vishnu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:
Lymphangiomas are benign malformations of lymphatic system uncommon in adults. We present a case of adult cystic lymphangioma in the neck region.
Case presentation:
A 26 year old female presented with a large swelling on the right side of the neck. The patient was uncomfortable cosmetically. Clinical diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma was made based on history and physical examination. An impression of lymphangioma was given on FNAC and radiological examination. The cyst is surgically removed by raising a skin flap and the cyst wall specimen was sent for histopathological examination for confirmation. The histopathological sections confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative period is uneventful. There was no recurrence till the current follow up.
Conclusion:
In a case of painless and progressive neck swelling, lymphangioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis despite the fact that they occur rarely in adults and appropriate treatment should be started as soon as possible to prevent pressure symptoms due to the progressive growth.
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma and mortality risk
Authors: Kim So Jeong , Kang Hye-Rin , Lee Chun Geun , Choi Seung Ho , Kim Yeon Wook , Lee Hyun Woo , Lee Chang-Hoon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Surgical resection is recommended in all patients with pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP). However, no comparative study has demonstrated that surgical resection leads to improved outcomes. We aimed to compare all-cause mortality between patients with PSP who underwent surgery or did not and those without PSP.Methods: Participants aged ≥18 years who had pathologically diagnosed PSP between 2001 to 2018, at 3 hospitals were included. Randomly selected (up to 1:5) age-, sex-, and smoking status-matched controls were included. Mortality was compared using Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Literature review of studies reporting PSP was also conducted.Results: This study included 107 patients with PSP (surgery:non-surgery, 80:27) and 520 matched controls. There were no cases of lymph node or distant metastasis, recurrence, or mortality from PSP. No significant difference in all-cause mortality risk was observed between the PSP surgery, PSP non-surgery, and non-PSP groups (log rank test P=0.78) (PSP surgery vs. non-PSP: adjusted hazards ratio [aHR], 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22-14.6; PSP non-surgery vs. non-PSP: aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.15-3.86; PSP surgery vs. PSP non-surgery: aHR, 2.35; 95% CI, 0.20-28.2). In the literature review, we identified 3,469 patients with PSP from 355 studies. Only 1.33% of these patients reported metastasis, recurrence, or death.Conclusions: All-cause mortality did not differ between patients with PSP and those without, irrespective of undergoing surgery. Our study and the literature review suggest that PSP has less impact on increased mortality risk.
Der Arbeitsausfall
Authors: Wohlwend Marc 
Published: July 2022

Im Schweizer Arbeitsrecht gilt das aus dem deutschen Arbeitsrecht übernommene Dogma der absoluten Fixschuld, wonach die nachträgliche Erfüllung der ausgefallenen Arbeit nicht mehr möglich sein soll. Sofern nicht eine Lohnfortzahlungspflicht besteht, ist der Grundsatz «ohne Arbeit kein Lohn» anzuwenden. Der Beitrag geht dem Ursprung des Fixschulddogmas nach und zeigt anhand der Natur, des Zwecks und der tatsächlichen Umstände bei einem Arbeitsausfall auf, dass die Arbeitsleistung heutzutage grundsätzlich nicht als Fixschuld verabredet ist und demzufolge die Arbeitgebenden gehalten sind, eine angemessene Nachfrist anzusetzen, damit die Arbeitnehmenden die ausgefallene Arbeit nacharbeiten können.
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Le droit du travail suisse applique le dogme de la dette fixe absolue (absolute Fixschuld), repris du droit du travail allemand, selon lequel l'exécution ultérieure du travail perdu ne doit plus être possible. Dans la mesure où il n'existe pas d'obligation de maintien du salaire, le principe « sans travail, pas de salaire » (« ohne Arbeit kein Lohn ») doit être appliqué. L'article se penche sur l'origine de ce dogme et montre, sur la base de la nature, de l'objectif et des circonstances réelles d'une perte de travail, que de nos jours, la prestation de travail n'est en principe pas considérée comme une dette fixe. Ainsi, les employeurs sont tenus d'accorder aux travailleurs un délai supplémentaire raisonnable afin qu'ils puissent effectuer le travail perdu.
Differentiation of Black and Sugar Maple Cultivars with Scanning Electron Microscopy1
Authors: Krause C.R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two cultivars of sugar maple, (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and a cultivar of black maple (A. nigrum Michx. f.) which could not be distinguished from one another by conventional techniques were differentiated with scanning electron microscopy. Leaf margins of the black maple cultivar were fringed with trichomes whereas sugar maple cultivars lacked marginal trichomes. Leaf surfaces of Mack maple appeared smooth while sugar maple possessed flocculent wax. Stomatal collars and trichome surfaces showed distinguishing features between both black and sugar maple cultivars.
Long-Term Storage of Peaches and Nectarines Intermittently Warmed during Controlled-Atmosphere Storage1
Authors: Anderson R. E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Peaches and nectarines [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] ripened at 18° to 20°C after storage in air for 9 weeks at 0° developed severe internal breakdown and were of very poor quality. Comparable fruit intermittently warmed (IW) for 2 days in air at 18° to 20° during storage at 0° in CA (1% O2 + 5% CO2) and then ripened generally had little breakdown and retained good quality for about 20 weeks. Less mature fruit (6.8 kg at harvest) were more acid after storage than were more mature fruit (5.5 kg at harvest). Fruit dipped in benomyl at each IW treatment had no less decay than those dipped only before storage but they had a better internal appearance and were more acid. Fruit stored in CA after 2 weeks delay in 0° air generally were poorer in quality than those stored in CA within 2 or 3 days of harvest.
Influence of Light Intensity and Drought Stress on Ficus benjamina L.1
Authors: Johnson C. R. , Nell T. A. , Rosenbaum S. E. , Lauritis J. A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Water stress reduced dry matter accumulation in Ficus benjamina plants, especially those grown in the sun. Accumulation of carbohydrates and reduction of chlorophyll was associated with water stress in sun plants, but there were no stress related changes of carbohydrate or chlorophyll levels in plants grown under 47% shade. Electron micrographs of chloroplasts showed starch deposits and disruption of thylakoid structures with water stress in sun plants, while disruption due to water stress was less severe in shade-grown plants. Net photosynthesis (Pn) was lower for unstressed shaded plants, but interposure of water stress resulted in similar Pn levels for both light regimes. Photosynthesis was restored to non-stressed levels after irrigation in both sun and shade light treatments. Lowest light compensation points (LCP) occurred in shade plants with no influence due to water stress, but water stress caused high LCP in sun plants.
Development of Flowers and Changes in Various Sugars during Opening of Cut Carnations1
Authors: Paulin A. , Jamain C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bud-cut carnations kept in opening solutions had about the same diameter, weight, and vase-life as those cut when mature. For opening solutions, sucrose (30g/liter) appeared to be more efficient than glucose. The flower quality at full opening was better with sucrose although the vase-life was slightly longer with glucose. The flower development seemed to depend on the exogenous sugar supply and on the concomitant accumulation of soluble reducing sugars. When cut carnation flowers were supplied with a solution of 14C glucose, only a fraction of the glucose was transformed into sucrose in the stem. The level of 14C hexoses rose in petals, resulting from sucrose hydrolysis in the petals and from glucose directly translocated. A strong isomerase activity occurred in the petals. The leaves had no particular function in the translocation and transformation of sugars. These results are different from those reported earlier for roses.
Effects of Nitrogen Form and Potassium Concentration on Growth, Flowering, and Nitrogen Utilization of Greenhouse Roses1
Authors: Woodson William R. , Boodley James W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
‘Forever Yours’ roses (Rosa Hybrid Tea) were grown in recirculating nutrient solutions at 1.0 and 10.0 meq/liter K in combination with 10.0 meq/liter NO3-N or NH4-N. Low K limited the growth and flower production, regardless of N form. Ammonium-N fertilized plants showed NH4-N toxicity symptoms as interveinal chlorosis of the lower leaflets. An increased K supply reduced NH4-N toxicity symptoms. Concentrations of Ca and Mg were lower, while P was higher, in the tissue of NH4-N fertilized plants, as compared to NO3-N fertilized plants. Total N, alcohol insoluble N, soluble organic N, and NH4-N were higher in the tissue of plants which received NH4-N, as compared to NO3-N, regardless of K level. An increased K supply from 1.0 to 10.0 meq/liter resulted in higher NO3-N in NO3-N fertilized plants and lower NH4-N in NH4-N fertilized plants.
Seasonal Patterns in Chemical Composition of the Fruit of Actinidia chinensis1
Authors: Reid Michael S. , Heatherbell David A. , Pratt Harlan K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chinese gooseberry fruits or “kiwifruit” (Actinidia chinensis Planchon, cv. Bruno) were harvested for analysis at intervals throughout the season. On a fresh weight basis, immature fruit contained high concentrations of starch which was hydrolyzed after the fruit reached full size. Concurrently, there was a rapid increase in the concentrations of sucrose, glucose, and fructose, which were the major sugars present. This increase was reflected in a linear rise in soluble solids content of the fruit. Malic and quinic acid concentrations decreased during the early part of fruit growth, rose to a maximum after the fruit reached full size, and then declined slightly. The concentration of citric acid rose linearly during fruit growth, then fell gradually after the fruit reached full size. Ascorbic acid and amino nitrogen concentrations fell during the early part of fruit development, then remained relatively constant. The relationships between patterns of chemical change and the triple sigmoid growth curve of this fruit are discussed.
The Growth of Three Woody Plant Species and the Development of their Mycorrhizae in Three Different Plant Composts1
Authors: Guttay A. J. R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Composts of corn (Zea mays L.), eastern hemlock [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.], and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were each used as the medium for container-grown hemlocks, sugar maples, and rhododendrons (Rhododendron catawbiense Michx.) over a 3-year period. Corn compost was high in available nutrients and the unamended hemlock and maple composts were relatively low in nutrients. No vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) development was observed in a corn plant bioassay of corn compost while a moderate development was found in the hemlock compost and a high development found in the maple compost. Sugar maples showed the greatest plant growth and incidence of VA mycorrhizae in maple compost and also showed a positive growth response to fertilizer. Corn compost was lethal to 50% of the maples and produced a retarded growth and very low incidence of VAM in the survivors. Hemlocks showed the greatest plant growth and incidence of ectomycorrhizae in either unfertilized hemlock compost or unfertilized maple compost. A significant retarded growth response to fertilizer was found with hemlocks. Rhododendrons showed the greatest growth in corn compost and the fertilized composts. A negative correlation was found between growth and the incidence of ericoid mycorrhizae in rhododendrons. Differences in compost effects upon plant growth were probably due to differences in the content of plant nutrients and in the type and quantity of mycorrhizal propagules.
Selection of Superior Inbred Progenies toward the Common Bean Ideotype
Authors: Rocha João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho , Nunes Kharenn Vailant , Carneiro Ana Laura Nicomedes , Marçal Tiago de Souza , Salvador Felipe Vicentino , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Carneiro José Eustáquio Souza 
Published: July 2022

Core Ideas
Partitioning of the progenies effect within populations has several advantages.
FAI‐BLUP index capitalizes the progenies × growth seasons interaction.
The selected inbreed progenies showed favorable genotypes for the target traits.
Genetic breeding towards the common bean ideotype can accelerate the cultivar release.
ABSTRACTThe goal of breeding programs is selection toward the ideal plant type. In this study, field experiments were performed to select common bean inbred progenies that maximize the probability of extracting superior lines. A total of 124 inbred progenies of three consecutive generations (F2:3, F2:4, and F2:5) were conducted in field experiments over three different environments (one generation in each environment). Seven different traits, related to disease severity, commercial acceptance grain, and yield, were evaluated by best linear unbiased prediction. This work underscored the importance of incorporating population information into the statistical model as a means of comparing progenies from different populations with higher efficacy, even when kinship information between populations is not available. Toward the common bean ideotype, 20 inbred progenies of greater potential were selected using the factor analysis and genotype‐ideotype distance (FAI‐BLUP) index. This index is based on the structural equation models by joining the factor analysis technique (exploratory factor analysis) with the ideotype design (confirmatory factor analysis). The predicted genetic gain was increased for all the traits in all generations. Selection strategies that capture the multitrait information capitalize the progenies × growth season interactions and are based on the ideotype, such as as the FAI‐BLUP index, have the potential for use in genetic breeding toward the common bean ideotype and can accelerate the release of more adapted cultivars.
AXIOLOGICAL ORIENTATIONS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Polishchuk Oleksandr , Petruk Nataliia 
Published: July 2022

Analyzing the available data and scientific research, as well as the characteristics of societies it is proved that each society has its own, unique features of the formation of values, even in the context of sustainable development. It is emphasized that values ​​are the main regulator of individual / collective behavior of people. They reflect the attitude of a person / group to certain objects or phenomena.
A comprehensive review on BPA degradation by heterogeneous Fenton-like processes
Authors: Nath Ankurita , Biswas Subhadeep , Pal Anjali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Synthetic organic pollutants emanating continuously in the ecosystem have become a global concern because of their toxicity and persistent nature. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one such pollutant which threatens public health and safety. It is a monomer used in manufacturing plastics, polycarbonate resins, epoxy resins and is a well-recognised endocrine disruptor mimicking estrogen. BPA leaches into food and beverages stored in containers causing contamination issues. Its widespread exposure and potential toxicity is an environmental health concern. In this review, a systematic investigation has been carried out on the heterogeneous catalysts used for Fenton-like processes for BPA degradation. The Fenton-like reaction is one such reaction that is used for wastewater remediation purposes. The reaction advances through the generation of powerful oxidizing radicals like •OH and SO4•– in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The application of various Fenton catalysts, with their distinguished morphological characteristics, oxidizing properties, toxicity analysis, and the present state of the art of BPA degradation by these catalysts, have been documented in the current work. This review also highlights a few challenges and prospects for analysing degradation products of landfill leachate.
Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Yahyawi Leonides , Yurisinthae Erlinda , Oktoriana Shenny 
Published: July 2022

Perkebunan kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu jenis komoditi unggulan Indonesia dan memiliki kontribusi penting dalam menunjang perekonomian dan kesejahteraan petani. Dalam usahatani sangat penting untuk mengukur tingkat efisiensi teknis untuk mengetahui tingkat keuntungan dari faktor-faktor input produksi yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi teknis usahatani kelapa sawit di Kabupaten Sanggau. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah fungsi produksi frontier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara keseluruhan petani kelapa sawit telah efisiensi secara teknis, dengan nilai efisiensi teknis &gt; 7. Rata-rata tingkat efisiensi teknis petani sebesar 0,8795, tingkat efisiensi tenis terendah sebesar 0,7569 dan tingkat efisiensi teknis tertinggi sebesar 0,9471.
Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Krisan Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors: Sukmayanti Lucia Desy , Mukson Mukson , Roessali Wiludjeng 
Published: July 2022

<p>Krisan merupakan komoditas tanaman hias potensial yang banyak diekspor Indonesia. Hal tersebut dapat menjadi peluang yang baik bagi Indonesia untuk meningkatkan daya saing komoditas krisan di tingkat internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan dan proyeksi ekspor komoditas krisan Indonesia di pasar internasional, serta menganalisis keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif komoditas krisan Indonesia di pasar internasional. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga Februari 2021. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis tren untuk mengetahui perkembangan dan proyeksi ekspor krisan Indonesia di pasar internasional, <em>Revealed Comparative Advantages </em>(RCA) dan <em>Export Competitiveness Index </em>(ECI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspor krisan Indonesia ke pasar internasional pada rentang tahun 2010 – 2019 menunjukkan tren yang menurun namun diproyeksikan meningkat untuk 5 tahun mendatang (2020 – 2024). Hasil analisis RCA dan ECI menunjukkan nilai &lt;1, dapat diartikan bahwa Indonesia belum mempunyai daya saing secara komparatif maupun secara kompetitif. Kondisi daya saing ini perlu terus ditingkatkan agar potensi yg ada dapat dimanfaatkan.</p>