bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model and simulation of bilayered tantalum-oxide (Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt) memristor
Authors: Wang Kaiyang , Jia Yunfang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As a new type of microelectronic device with a special resistance change mechanism, the memerists based on the novel resistive materials have been an emerging hot-spot in the area of electronics. Among tremendous memerists, the bilayered tantalum-oxide (Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt) devices are believed to one of the typical device structures, its peculiar current-voltage (I-V) feature makes it distinct from other traditional devices, like resistor, capacitor or metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor. It has been accepted as an alternative candidate of the traditional silicon-based memories. There have been lots of experimental works in this field, however, the theoretical works about its physical model and simulation are relatively few. In this work, its working principle is illustrated firstly, according to the thermionic emission theory of Schottky barrier in semiconductor physics. Then a quantitative physical model is presented and simulated, the calculated results are compared with the reported data to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The established physical model is constructed and calculated mathematically by using MATLAB, the computed results are compared with the experimental data to verify the proposed arithmetic model.
Data acquisition system for a neutron spectrometer with a remote diamond detector
Authors: Khilchenko A. , Kvashnin A. , Zubarev P. , Ivanenko S. , Puryga E. , Moiseev D. , Lizunov A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article presents the design and first test results of the neutron spectrometer with count rate up to 7 × 106 events per second with remote detector based on artificial diamond, intended for use on burning plasma experiments. The spectrometer consists of the broadband low-noise amplifier and the data acquisition and processing unit. The design of the amplifier with characteristic impedance matching of the cable line by the dynamic resistance of the transistor base-emitter junction is considered. The data acquisition and processing unit is realized using a real-time event-processing algorithm based on harmonic data analysis. This algorithm includes effective techniques for detecting and excluding overlaps and suppression of fluctuations in the baseline level corresponding to zero signal.
A concise air quality study on impact of COVID-19 lockdown for two industrial cities of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Sahare Akansha , Killedar D.J. , Ahirwar Ajay. V. , Rathore Purva 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
‘Good Outcomes from evil situation’ this phrase perfectly fits into the COVID-19 circumstances as several restrictions on anthropogenic activities provided an improvement in the ambient air quality status globally. The study deals with the consequences of COVID-19 lockdown on ambient air quality for 2 major industrial cities ( Raipur and Bilaspur) in Central Indian state Chhattisgarh moreover a comparison of air quality data was made with non-lockdown year (2019). The AQI and critical parameters (such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx) were acquired form online available source and then analysed for the study period (2019 and 2020). Noteworthy reduction in AQI and concentration of pollutants in Raipur was detected whereas there was reduction in Bilaspur but it was less than Raipur. Evident changes in the level of pollutants (NOx and PM) were observed during the study. Meteorological parameters such as temperature and relative humidity were also examined for Raipur. Statistical analysis between data of meteorological parameters and AQI for capital city Raipur was also carried out.
A Gis-Based Parametric Analysis of Irrigational Tanks in the Oldest Civilized City in India-Madurai
Authors: Praveenkumar J , Pa Yazhini Malar , Akash Kannan K , Sathya Bama B , Mohammed Mansoor Roomi S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The irrigational tanks being traditional Water harvesting structures designed by rulers and chieftains dating back centuries. These are constructed in such a way that they act as a major water resource in drought-prone rural communities. The main aim of this paper is to develop a GIS-based Parametric Maps of Maximum Capacity(MC), Maximum Water Level(MWL), Ayacut Area(AA), Water Spread Area(WSA), Sub-basins and Basins of irrigational Tanks which form the basic irrigation information system to assist agriculturalists, farmers, and Government organization for the proper maintenance of irrigation tanks with suitable indexing parameters, to mitigate & forecast the water and food requirements by evaluating currently available water for the given population density and irrigation lands. The study area selected is the oldest civilized city in India which is in the state of Tamilnadu-Madurai district, which is served by the Vaigai River and consists of 1338 tanks. This GIS-based information system assists the decision-makers to perform surveillance, evaluate the efficiency of the tank at any space & time and take proper managerial methods to utilize the resources economically.
Water quality index assessment for drinking and irrigation purpose for Wardha district
Authors: Shende Ashay Devidas , Sahoo M.M. , Tekade Shrikant 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is always said that groundwater is safe for consumption i.e. free from micro-organisms. But in many places, the groundwater is subjected to contamination due to human and industrial activities. The unsafe disposal of domestic and industrial wastes is found to be the main source for contamination of groundwater with micro-organisms, nitrates, etc. Therefore, it is inevitable to assess the quality of groundwater in terms of the Water Quality Index (WQI) before it is supplied to the end-user. Water Quality Index (WQI) is an index that converts complex data about water quality into the simplest form. This manuscript discusses the level of contamination of groundwater in the villages situated in the vicinity of Wardha River in Wardha District. Groundwater samples were collected during ninety days starting from 1st May 2021 to 30th July 2021. Analysis was carried out for the assessment of 12 parameters and their WQI. The results reveal that 40% of the 12 parameters assessed are higher values whereas, 60% of the 12 parameters assessed are reported safe values as per Indian Standards for Drinking Water. On the other hand, WQI for all the groundwater samples (barring very few) has shown bad quality.
Exploring temporal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 and their association with meteorological data in Raipur, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Khobragade P P , Ahirwar A V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While significant efforts have been made to mitigate the negative health impacts of particulate matter, there are limited statistics on particle exposure in Raipur. A study was conducted to look at the short-term relationships between particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and meteorological variables in Raipur. The current research was based on an experimental study conducted at Chhattisgarh’s NIT Raipur. During the pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter seasons of 2021, a total of 125 air specimens were gathered from the campus. A respirable dust sampler and a fine particulate sampler were used to detect PM10 and PM2.5 on the building’s terrace. To assess the associations between PM2.5 and PM10 particulates and both sampling season and site, Pearson’s correlation study was used. The monthly mean mass concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Raipur ranged from 28.0-334.0 μg/m3 to 56.0-448.0 μg/m3, respectively. Post-monsoon PM concentrations were highest, followed by pre-monsoon, winter, and post-monsoon. On more than 92 percent of days, PM2.5 concentrations exceeded NAAQS standards, while PM10 concentrations exceeded restrictions on 90 percent of days. There were seasonal changes identified in the relationships between PM concentrations and meteorological variables.
All-solid-state thin-film batteries based on lithium phosphorus oxynitrides
Authors: Dai Wangqi , Qiao Yan , Ma Ziqiang , Wang Tian , Fu Zhengwen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lithium phosphorus oxygen nitrogen (LiPON) as solid electrolyte discovered by Bates et al in the 1990s is an important part of all-solid-state thin-film battery (ASSTFB) due to its wide electrochemical stability window and negligible low electronic conductivity. However, the ionic conductivity of LiPON about 2 × 10−6 S cm−1 at room temperature is much lower than that of other types of solid electrolytes, which seriously limits the application of ASSTFBs. This review summarizes the research and progress in ASSTFBs based on LiPON, in the solid-state electrolyte of LiPON-derivatives with adjustable chemical compositions of the amorphous structure for the improvement of the ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, in the critical interface issues between LiPON and electrodes, and in preparation methods for LiPON. This review is helpful for people to understand the interface characteristics and various preparation methods of LiPON in ASSTFBs. The key issues to be addressed concern how to develop solid-state electrolyte films with high conductivity and high-quality interface engineering as well as large-scale preparation technology, so as to realize the practical application of highly integrated ASSTFBs.
Sleep Problems Mediate the Relationship Between Psychosocial Stress and Pain Facilitation in Native Americans: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk
Authors: Kell Parker A , Huber Felicitas A , Street Erin N , Shadlow Joanna O , Rhudy Jamie L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Native Americans (NAs) are more likely to experience chronic pain than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs); however, the proximate causes predisposing NAs to chronic pain remain elusive. Likely due to centuries of adversity, discrimination, and marginalization, NAs report greater psychological stress than NHWs, which may place them at risk for sleep problems, a well-established risk factor for chronic pain onset.

Purpose
This study examined the effects of psychological stress and sleep problems on subjective and physiological measures of pain processing in NAs and NHWs.

Methods
Structural equation modeling was used to determine whether ethnicity (NA or NHW) was associated with psychological stress or sleep problems and whether these variables were related to conditioned pain modulation of pain perception (CPM-pain) and the nociceptive flexion reflex (CPM-NFR), temporal summation of pain (TS-pain) and NFR (TS-NFR), and pain tolerance in a sample of 302 (153 NAs) pain-free participants.

Results
NAs experienced more psychological stress (Estimate = 0.027, p = .009) and sleep problems (Estimate = 1.375, p = .015) than NHWs. When controlling for age, sex, physical activity, BMI, and general health, NA ethnicity was no longer related to greater sleep problems. Psychological stress was also related to sleep problems (Estimate = 30.173, p = &lt;.001) and psychological stress promoted sleep problems in NAs (indirect effect = 0.802, p = .014). In turn, sleep problems were associated with greater TS-pain (Estimate = 0.714, p = .004), but not other pain measures.

Conclusions
Sleep problems may contribute to chronic pain risk by facilitating pain perception without affecting facilitation of spinal neurons or endogenous inhibition of nociceptive processes. Since psychological stress promoted pain facilitation via enhanced sleep problems, efforts to reduce psychological stress and sleep problems among NAs may improve health outcomes.
Efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance Program Modified for Individuals with TBI (GLB-TBI): Results from a 12-month Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Driver Simon , McShan Evan , Swank Chad , Calhoun Stephanie , Bennett Monica , Callender Librada , Holden Alexandria , Juengst Shannon , Bell Kathleen , Douglas Megan , Kramer Kaye , Dubiel Randi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Obesity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health issue and no evidence-based weight loss interventions exist to meet the unique needs of individuals after TBI.

Purpose
To (a) examine the efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance for TBI (GLB-TBI) weight-loss intervention compared to an attention control for primary (weight-loss) and secondary health outcomes; (b) determine participant compliance with the GLB-TBI; and (c) determine if compliance is associated with improved outcomes.

Methods
Individuals with moderate to severe TBI, age 18–64 years, ≥6 months postinjury, and body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 were randomized to a 12-month, 22-session GLB-TBI intervention or attention control condition. Weight-loss (lbs.), anthropometric, biomarkers, and patient-reported outcomes were collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Results
The GLB-TBI group (n = 27) lost 17.8 ± 41.4lbs (7.9%) over the 12-month program and the attention control group (n = 27) lost 0 ± 55.4lbs (0%). The GLB-TBI group had significant improvements in diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol. GLB-TBI attendance was 89.6% and weekly self-monitoring of diet and activity was 68.8%. Relative to baseline, the GLB-TBI compliant group (≥80% attendance; ≥85% self-monitoring; n = 10) had a statistically significant decrease in weight at each assessment, the noncompliant group had a significant decrease between 6 and 12 months (n = 17), with no change in weight in the attention control group (n = 27).

Conclusions
Findings suggest for adults with TBI who are overweight or obese, participation in the GLB-TBI can significantly reduce weight and metabolic risk factors and increase self-reported habits for diet and exercise.
The impact of pre-treatment muscle strength and physical performance on treatment modification in older adults with cancer following comprehensive geriatric assessment
Authors: Papadopoulos Efthymios , Helal Ali Abu , Jin Rana , Monginot Susie , Berger Arielle , Romanovsky Lindy , Alibhai Shabbir M H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Grip strength (GS) and the short physical performance battery (SPPB) have been shown to predict clinical outcomes in older adults with cancer. However, whether pre-treatment GS and SPPB impact treatment decisions following comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is poorly understood. Our objective was to assess the impact of low GS and/or SPPB on treatment modification to initially proposed treatment plans in older adults with cancer following CGA.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of older adults who had undergone CGA before receiving cancer treatment. Data were retrieved from a prospective database in an academic cancer centre and medical records. Treatment modification following CGA was defined as reduced treatment intensity or transition from active treatment to supportive care. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the impact of pre-treatment GS and SPPB on treatment modification following CGA.

Results
In total, 515 older adults (mean age: 80.7y) who had undergone CGA prior to cancer treatment were included. Low muscle strength and/or physical performance was observed in 66.4% of participants. Treatment was modified in 49.5% of the cohort following CGA. Low GS and/or SPPB combined was predictive of treatment modification (OR = 1.77, 95%CI = 1.07–2.90, P = 0.025) in multivariable analysis. Additional predictors of treatment modification included palliative treatment intent, comorbidities and malnutrition.

Conclusions
Low GS and/or SPPB combined prior to cancer treatment predicts treatment modification in older adults with cancer and may be useful in treatment decision-making. Management of poor muscle strength and physical performance should be offered to optimize patient care and potentially improve treatment outcomes.
Habitual Exercise, Air Pollution, and Pneumonia Mortality: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Approximately 0.4 Million Adults
Authors: Guo Cui , Yu Tsung , Lin Changqing , Chang Ly-Yun , Bo Yacong , Wong Martin C S , Tam Tony , Lau Alexis K H , Lao Xiang Qian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to examine the combined associations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and habitual exercise with pneumonia mortality. We included 384,130 persons aged ≥18 years from Taiwan, Republic of China, during 2001–2016. We followed participants until May 31, 2019, to obtain information on vital status. A time-dependent Cox regression model was used for statistical analysis. We found that risks of pneumonia mortality were reduced by 55% (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36, 0.55) and 36% (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.80) in participants who engaged in high and moderate levels of exercise, respectively, as compared with inactive persons. By contrast, each 10-μg/m3 increase in chronic PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 30% (HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.45) higher risk of pneumonia mortality. Risk of pneumonia death was 72% lower (HR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.41) for persons with a high exercise level and a low PM2.5 level. Lower risk of pneumonia mortality was associated with both higher exercise and lower PM2.5 air pollution levels. For adults exposed to different levels of PM2.5, exercise benefits remained. Our findings suggest that engaging in exercise is a safe and effective strategy for alleviating the burden of pneumonia mortality, even for people who reside in a moderately polluted area.
A Framework for Descriptive Epidemiology
Authors: Lesko Catherine R , Fox Matthew P , Edwards Jessie K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a framework for thinking through the design and conduct of descriptive epidemiologic studies. A well-defined descriptive question aims to quantify and characterize some feature of the health of a population and must clearly state: 1) the target population, characterized by person and place, and anchored in time; 2) the outcome, event, or health state or characteristic; and 3) the measure of occurrence that will be used to summarize the outcome (e.g., incidence, prevalence, average time to event, etc.). Additionally, 4) any auxiliary variables will be prespecified and their roles as stratification factors (to characterize the outcome distribution) or nuisance variables (to be standardized over) will be stated. We illustrate application of this framework to describe the prevalence of viral suppression on December 31, 2019, among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had been linked to HIV care in the United States. Application of this framework highlights biases that may arise from missing data, especially 1) differences between the target population and the analytical sample; 2) measurement error; 3) competing events, late entries, loss to follow-up, and inappropriate interpretation of the chosen measure of outcome occurrence; and 4) inappropriate adjustment.
Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of 8- and 6-demethyleucalyptins
Authors: Asakawa Ryuki , Fuchiyama Kanta , Ishii Yunosuke , Hosaka Keisuke , Kobayashi Atsushi , Shimazaki Kei , Nagasawa Junki , Tsuchida Sayaka , Ushida Kazunari , Matsubayashi Makoto , Furuyama Yuuki , Ohgane Kenji , Kuramochi Kouji 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Secondary metabolites in plants influence the health of herbivores such as Japanese rock ptarmigans that feed on the leaves and fruits of alpine plants. Thus, it is important to understand the secondary metabolites of alpine plants and their biological activities for conserving Japanese rock ptarmigans. We isolated C-methylflavone from the leaves of Kalmia procumbens, on which Japanese rock ptarmigans feed. Although its structure was deduced to be 8-demethyleucalyptin by comparing its nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data with the reported ones, the possibility that the isolated compound is 6-demethyleucalyptin cannot be ruled out. Thus, both isomers were synthesized. The isolated compound was unambiguously determined to be 8-demethyleucalyptin by comparing its NMR data with those of the synthetic ones. Cytotoxic evaluation of 8- and 6-demethyleucalyptins revealed that only the former showed cytotoxicity against HCT116 and MRC-5 cells. The present study provides not only easy access to 8- and 6-demethyleucalyptins, but also their biological information.
Structure-activity relationship in advanced glycation end products formation inhibitory activity of phlorotannins
Authors: Sekiguchi Mitsuhiro , Shinoda Seiya , Uno Arisa , Masaki Tomoya , Sasaki Tetsuya , Ishiyama Haruaki 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The structure and inhibitory activity of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation were studied using six model compounds and seven phlorotannins isolated from brown alga Ecklonia stolonifera. As a result, it was inferred that AGEs formation inhibitory activity was stronger when electron-rich groups were present because of the addition of many oxygen atoms to the phlorotannins.
Insight into the evolutionary history ofIndoplanorbis exustus(Bulinidae: Gastropoda) at the scale of population and species
Authors: Sil Maitreya , Mahveen Juveriya , Roy Abhisikta , Karanth K Praveen , Aravind N A 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe history of a lineage is intertwined with the history of the landscape it inhabits. Here we showcase how the geo-tectonic and climatic evolution of South Asia and surrounding landmasses have shaped the biogeographical history of Indoplanorbis exustus, a tropical Asian, freshwater snail. We amplified partial COI gene fragments from all over India and combined this with a larger dataset from South and Southeast Asia to carry out phylogenetic reconstruction, species delimitation analysis and population genetic analyses. Two nuclear genes were also amplified from a few individuals per putative species to carry out divergence dating and ancestral area reconstruction analyses. The results suggest that I. exustus dispersed out of Africa into India during the Eocene. Furthermore, molecular data suggest I. exustus is a species complex consisting of multiple putative species. Primary diversification took place in the Northern Indian plains or in Northeast India. The speciation events appear to be primarily allopatric caused by a series of aridification events starting from the late Miocene to early Pleistocene. None of the species appears to have any underlying genetic structure suggestive of high vagility. All the species underwent population fluctuations during the Pleistocene, probably driven by the Quaternary climatic fluctuations.
Three laws of teleonometrics
Authors: Crespi Bernard , Yang Nancy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We define teleonometrics as the theoretical and empirical study of teleonomy. We propose three laws for teleonometrics. The first law describes the hierarchical organization of teleonomic functions across biological levels from genes to individuals. According to this law, the number of goal-directed functions increases from individuals (one goal, maximizing inclusive fitness) to intermediate levels and to genes and alleles (myriad time-, space- and context-dependent goals, depending upon degrees and patterns of pleiotropy). The second law describes the operation of teleonomic functions under trade-offs, coadaptations and negative and positive pleiotropies, which are universal in biological systems. According to this law, the functions of an allele, gene or trait are described and defined by patterns of antagonistic (trading off) and compatible (coadapted) functions. The third law of teleonometrics is that the major transitions in evolution are driven by the origins of novel, emergent goals associated with functional changes and by the breaking and reshaping of trade-offs, especially by mechanisms involving increases in resources or time, and new divisions of labour or function. We illustrate the application of these laws using data from three empirical vignettes, which help to show the usefulness of teleonometric viewpoints for understanding the interfaces between function, trade-offs and dysfunctions manifest as disease.