bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable Photovoltaics of Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor Junction
Authors: Zhang Duan , Xu Shuting , Xu Zheqi , Qi Zhiying , Niu Yue , Yin Jianbo , Guo Yao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProgrammability, fundamental to the computing of electronic systems, is traditionally achieved in processing and memory modules. Recently, the emergence of in‐sensor computing allows the programmability of the sensing modules and the process of raw data upon the sensor edge, which reduces data transport and energy consumption. Here, a programmable photodetector module with a tunable photoelectric response based on molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) junction for visible detection is reported. The sensor takes advantage of the tunable band alignment at the MOS junction and generates an adjustable or even reversible out‐of‐plane photovoltaic effect with high efficiency. This work provides new device configurations to architect the programmability of the photodetectors, and pave the way toward in‐sensor computing at the application edge.
Halide Diffusion Equilibrium and Its Impact on Efficiency Evolution of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Qing , Zheng Yichu , Wei Zhanpeng , Xie Jin , Zou Can , Liu Xinyi , Liu Da , Zhou Ziren , Yang Hua Gui , Yang Shuang , Hou Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the degradation mechanism of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is of particular importance to solve their instability issue, which is one of the major hindrances toward commercialization. Here, it is shown that a halide diffusion equilibrium exists at the heterointerface of perovskite devices, which strongly impacts the evolution of device performance. The combined experimental and theoretical studies reveal that halide components diffuse from perovskite to fullerene layers in a p‐i‐n PSC device and equilibrate with an iodine density of 1018–1019 cm−3 within 80 h under dark aging condition. It is found that there is a strong correction between the device efficiency and halide diffusion equilibrium of PSCs, as the diffused halides can chemically dope the transport layer and result in the nonstoichiometric perovskite surface, leading to both initial enhancement and long‐term loss of the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells. In response to this issue, a predoping strategy is developed to attain the halide diffusion equilibrium once the device is fabricated, thereby avoiding the further halide migration and initial efficiency variations. As a result, the as‐prepared PSC achieved an efficiency of 23.13% as well as stable power output under continuous one sun illumination.
Comparison of plant proximal sensing approaches for nitrogen supply detection in crops
Authors: Rosso Pablo , Wallor Evelyn , Richter Lars , Wehrhan Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNondestructive proximal sensors can be an efficient source of information of N status in crops for localized and rapid adjustment of fertilization applications. The aim of this study was to compare two transmittance/reflectance‐based sensors (SPAD, ASD) and a florescence‐based sensor (Multiplex) in their ability to measure N content in corn (Zea mays L.), spring and winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and rye (Secale cereale L.), both at the leaf and canopy level. Measurements of leaves and canopies from six fertilization field trials in 2019 and 2020 were analyzed to establish relationships between sensor information and laboratory‐determined N content in crops. Analyses included linear regression for single sensor variables and machine learning for multivariate approaches, to assess the relative accuracy of the proximal sensors to measure N. The ASD is time‐intensive and requires post hoc analyses of the spectra. However, the spectral outputs of this device were clearly correlated with the N status of leaves and canopies. At the leaf level, SPAD showed higher accuracy than any of the single Multiplex variables to predict plant N. Multiplex performance could be improved by combining three of its variables. At the canopy level, interpolated SPAD values and the best‐performing Multiplex variables showed similar accuracy. It could be concluded that the relationship sensor‐N status is species specific. Despite the high standard deviation recorded in some raw Multiplex variable, the derived indices showed a comparable low standard deviation. At both, leaf and canopy levels an integrated sensor solution would combine the multidimensionality of Multiplex and ASD, and the accuracy and practicality of SPAD.
Bayesian optimization of dynamic Ce(III) electrooxidation
Authors: Frey Daniel , Shin Ju Hee , Akin Adeola , Zhang Xinshu , Modestino Miguel A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCerium(III/IV) is a redox couple with promising applications in redox flow batteries and redox‐mediated water electrolyzers, but due to its high oxidation potential, parasitic oxygen evolution can occur and decrease the Faradaic efficiency (FE) of the oxidation reaction. Dynamic potential dosing can help balance the transport limitations and the electrooxidation rates, allowing for control over the cerium(III) concentration near the electrode, enhancing FE. Due to the large number of possible pulsing operating conditions, Bayesian optimization (BO) was used to rapidly identify the optimal potential pulses. With an active pulse voltage of 2.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the maximum FE achieved was 0.91 (active pulse time = 5 ms, resting pulse time = 136 ms), underscoring the need for long inactive times for cerium(III) diffusion to the electrode. Furthermore, a multiobjective BO was performed to identify optimal trade‐offs between FE and the partial current density to achieve improvements over constant current operation.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Vittayawacharin Pongthep , Kongtim Piyanuch , Ciurea Stefan O. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogenous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms primarily affecting older persons, associated with dysplastic changes of bone marrow cells, peripheral cytopenias, and various risk of leukemic transformation. Although treatment with several drugs has shown improved disease control, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) remains the only curative treatment for MDS. The number of patients receiving a transplant, as well as survival, have increased past years because of the use of reduce‐intensity conditioning regimens (RIC) as well as the use of haploidentical donors for transplantation. With treatment‐related mortality as main limitation, pre‐transplant evaluation is essential to assess risks for this older group of patients. In a recent randomized study, allo‐HSCT with RIC for patients >50 years old with higher‐risk MDS demonstrated superiority in survival compared with hypomethylating agents. Genetic mutations have been shown to significantly impact treatment outcomes including after transplant. Recently, a transplant‐specific risk score (which includes age, donor type, performance status, cytogenetic category, recipient's cytomegalovirus status, percentage of blasts, and platelet count) has shown superiority in transplantation outcome prediction, compared with previous scoring systems. Survival remains low for most patients with TP53 mutations and novel treatment strategies are needed, such as administration of natural killer cells post‐transplant, as there is no clear evidence that maintenance therapy after transplantation can improve outcomes.
Prevention of infections including vaccination strategies in multiple myeloma
Authors: Ludwig Heinz , Kumar Shaji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInfections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma. The increased risk for bacterial and viral infections results mainly from the disease‐inherent and treatment‐induced immunosuppression. Additional risk factors are older age with immune senescence, T cell depletion, polymorbidity, and male gender. Hence, every effort should be taken to reduce the risk for infections by identifying patients at higher risk for these complications and by implementing prophylactic measures, including chemoprophylaxis and immunization against various relevant pathogens. Here, we review the available evidence and provide recommendations for medical prophylaxis and vaccination in clinical practice.
Application of a parallel laser apparatus to measure forearms and flanges of wild Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii)
Authors: Brown Ella R. , Laman Timothy G. , Kane Erin E. , Harwell Faye S. , Susanto Tri W. , Knott Cheryl D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe constructed a parallel laser photogrammetry apparatus constructed from commercially available parts, and measured forearm lengths and flange widths of 16 wild Bornean orangutans. Our objectives were to validate our method and apparatus, discuss issues encountered, and construct preliminary growth curves. For adult males, we also compared flange width to forearm length as a way to investigate the relationship between body size and flange development. We used a camera cage around a DSLR camera, on top of which we attached two parallel green lasers. We estimated error with repeatability, accuracy, and interobserver reliability measures, and measured forearm lengths in three different ways to see which was most consistent. The longest forearm measure was the most repeatable (CV = 1.64%), and was similar to flange repeatability (3.50%). Accuracy measurements of a known object were high (error = 0.25%), and Interobserver discrepancy low (3.74%). Laser spacing increased with distance to the subject, but we corrected for this using calibration photos after each session. We transparently discuss the issues we encountered with the aim that this accessible method can help expand the use of laser photogrammetry. Preliminary measurements show that male flange widths and forearm length do not reliably increase in tandem, and that female growth plateaus at around the age at first birth (15 years old). We conclude with suggested improvements to the apparatus and method to ensure the lasers remain parallel.
Isotropic Anhydrous Superprotonic Conductivity Cooperated with Installed Imidazolium Molecular Motions in a 3D Hydrogen‐Bonded Phosphate Network
Authors: Dekura Shun , Mizuno Motohiro , Mori Hatsumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUtilizing molecular motion is essential for the use of anhydrous superprotonic molecular proton conductors (σ beyond 10−4 S cm−1) as electrolytes in hydrogen fuel cells. However, molecular motion contributing to the improvement of intrinsic proton conduction has been limited and little clarified in relation to the proton conduction mechanism, limiting the development of material design guidelines. Here, a salt with a three‐dimensional (3D) hydrogen‐bonded (H‐bonded) phosphate network with imidazolium cations installed inside was studied, whose components are known to exhibit molecular motions that contribute to proton conduction. Despite its anisotropic H‐bonded network, the salt exhibits isotropic anhydrous superprotonic conductivity exceeding 10−3 S cm−1 at ≈351 K, which is the first example for organic molecular crystal. Variable‐temperature X‐ray structural analysis and solid‐state 2H NMR measurements revealed significant 3D molecular motion of imidazolium cations, which accelerate proton conduction via the 3D H‐bonded phosphate network.
Electrospun polymeric membranes: Potential removal of endocrine disrupting compounds using solid membrane extraction and filtration processes
Authors: da Silveira Nectoux Aline , Medeiros Leonardo Ferreira , Leão Mayara Bitencourt , Fernandes Andreia Neves 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to prepare polymeric membranes by electrospinning to apply in the removal of estrone (E1), 17β‐estradiol (E2), and 17α‐ethinylestradiol (EE2) in aqueous samples. Polymeric membranes of polyamide‐6 (PA6), polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), and poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) were obtained, characterized, and tested as sorbent material in processes of solid membrane extraction (SME) and membrane filtration. The efficiencies of the membranes after washing and/or conditioning processes were compared. The characterizations showed membranes with nanometer‐diameter threads (between 250 and 1200 nm, on average). The four membranes' morphology, chemical composition, and thermal stability were like previous works. PBAT membranes were considered the most effective SME technique as a differential, with 44%–71% removal. For the membrane filtration process, the highest removal values were obtained for the PBAT membrane (82%–91%), which was also efficient in filtering a surface water sample from River Guaíba. PBAT polymeric membrane effectively removes and recovers the studied hormones, lowering production costs and allowing internal and external modifications. These aspects demonstrate that the obtained membranes offer an efficient material in extracting E1, E2, and EE2, of high simplicity, low cost, and green chemistry.
Integrative Functional Genomics Identifies Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Causal Genetic Variant in the IRF5 Risk Locus
Authors: Hou Guojun , Zhou Tian , Xu Ning , Yin Zhihua , Zhu Xinyi , Zhang Yutong , Cui Yange , Ma Jianyang , Tang Yuanjia , Cheng Zhaorui , Shen Yiwei , Chen Yashuo , Zou Ling‐Hua , Wang Yong‐fei , Yin Zihang , Guo Ya , Ding Huihua , Ye Zhizhong , Shen Nan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveIRF5 plays a crucial role in the development of lupus. Genome‐wide association studies have identified several systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) enriched in the IRF5 locus. However, no comprehensive genome editing–based functional analysis exists to establish a direct link between these variants and altered IRF5 expression, particularly for enhancer variants. This study was undertaken to dissect the regulatory function and mechanisms of SLE IRF5 enhancer risk variants and to explore the utilization of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) to regulate the expression of disease risk gene to intervene in the disease.MethodsEpigenomic profiles and expression quantitative trait locus analysis were applied to prioritize putative functional variants in the IRF5 locus. CRISPR‐mediated deletion, activation, and interference were performed to investigate the genetic function of rs4728142. Allele‐specific chromatin immunoprecipitation–quantitative polymerase chain reaction and allele‐specific formaldehyde‐assisted isolation of regulatory element–quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to decipher the mechanism of alleles differentially regulating IRF5 expression. The CRISPRi approach was used to evaluate the intervention effect in monocytes from SLE patients.ResultsSLE risk SNP rs4728142 was located in an enhancer region, indicating a disease‐related regulatory function, and risk allele rs4728142‐A was closely associated with increased IRF5 expression. We demonstrated that an rs4728142‐containing region could act as an enhancer to regulate the expression of IRF5. Moreover, rs4728142 affected the binding affinity of zinc finger and BTB domain–containing protein 3 (ZBTB3), a transcription factor involved in regulation. Furthermore, in monocytes from SLE patients, CRISPR‐based interference with the regulation of this enhancer attenuated the production of disease‐associated cytokines.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that the rs4728142‐A allele increases the SLE risk by affecting ZBTB3 binding, chromatin status, and regulating IRF5 expression, establishing a biologic link between genetic variation and lupus pathogenesis.
The role of intellectual disability with autism spectrum disorder and the documented cooccurring conditions: A population‐based study
Authors: Etyemez Semra , Esler Amy , Kini Aniket , Tsai Peng‐Chou , DiRienzo Monica , Maenner Matthew , Lee Li‐Ching 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrevious research has identified that patterns of cooccurring conditions (CoCs) associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) differ based on the presence of intellectual disability (ID). This study explored the association of documented CoCs among 8‐year‐old children with ASD and ID (ASD+ID, n = 2416) and ASD without ID (ASD‐ID, n = 5372) identified by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, surveillance years (SYs) 2012 and 2014. After adjusting for demographic variables, record source, surveillance site, and SY, children with ASD+ID, as compared with children with ASD‐ID, were more likely to have histories of nonspecific developmental delays and neurological disorders documented in their records but were less likely to have behavioral and psychiatric disorders. ID plays a key role on how children with ASD would experience other CoCs. Our results emphasize how understanding the pattern of CoCs in ASD+ID and ASD‐ID can inform comprehensive and multidisciplinary approaches in assessment and management of children in order to develop targeted interventions to reduce possible CoCs or CoCs‐related impairments.
Associations between parental psychiatric disorders and autism spectrum disorder in the offspring
Authors: Chien Yi‐Ling , Wu Chi‐Shin , Chang Yen‐Chen , Cheong Mei‐Leng , Yao Tsung‐Chieh , Tsai Hui‐Ju 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhether parental psychiatric disorders are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring has remained inconclusive. We examined the associations of parental psychiatric disorders with ASD in offspring. This population‐based case–control study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to identify a cohort of children born from 2004 to 2017 and their parents. A total of 24,279 children with ASD (diagnostic ICD‐9‐CM code: 299.x or ICD‐10 code F84.x) and 97,715 matched controls were included. Parental psychiatric disorders, including depressive disorders, bipolar spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and adjustment disorders were identified. Conditional logistic regressions with covariate adjustment were performed. The results suggest that parental diagnosis with any of the psychiatric disorders is associated with ASD in offspring (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.40–1.51 for mothers; and AOR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.08–1.17 for fathers). ASD in offspring was associated with schizophrenia, depressive disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, adjustment disorders, ADHD and ASD in both parents. The relationship between parental psychiatric disorders and the timing of the child's birth and ASD diagnosis varied across the different psychiatric disorders. The present study provides supportive evidence that parental psychiatric disorders are associated with autistic children. Furthermore, because the associations between parental psychiatric disorders and the timing of child's birth and ASD diagnosis varied across psychiatric disorders, the observed relationships may be affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Future studies are needed to disentangle the potential influence of genetic and environmental factors on the observed associations.
Luminescence investigation of Sm3+,Eu2+‐activated/co‐activated Ba2AlB4O7Cl phosphors: novel red to blue colour tuning in chloroborates
Authors: Bansod Amit R. , Kadam Abhijeet R. , Bokare Prashant S. , Dhoble Sanjay J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBorochlorate phosphors have shown their worth in modern day lighting over the last few years. Colour tunability of the phosphor is a modern techniques used to obtain white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs). In the proposed work, Sm3+,Eu2+‐activated/co‐activated Ba2AlB4O7Cl phosphors were investigated for WLED applications as well as display devices. A convectional solid‐state diffusion method was used to synthesize the proposed phosphors. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) of the proposed phosphors confirmed the crystalline nature of the sample. Morphological studies on the samples were carried out using scanning electron microscopy analysis. A photoluminescence study of the colour tunable phosphor showed the characteristic peak of Sm3+ together with one broad peak for Eu2+ ions. Red to blue colour tunability was observed in the proposed phosphor with enhancement of Eu2+ ions. All these results showed the worth of this sample in WLED applications as well as in display devices.
Identification and validation of potential genotoxic impurities, 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propanol, and 2,3‐dichloro‐1‐propanol, at subtle levels in a bile acid sequestrant, colesevelam hydrochloride, using hyphenated GC–MS technique
Authors: Kumar S. R. Jythesh , Reddy Junuthula Venkata Ramana , Rao Vandavasi Koteswara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPotential genotoxic impurities (PGI) and N‐nitrosamine impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their determination at low levels are substantial challenges for cholesterol‐lowering agents in recent years. Herein we developed a robust, reliable, rapid, accurate and validated technique of gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer (GC–MS) for quantifying subtle levels of 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propanol (PGI‐I) and 2,3‐dichloro‐1‐propanol (PGI‐II) in colesevelam hydrochloride drug substance (bile acid sequestrant). The separation of colesevelam hydrochloride, PGI‐I and PGI‐II was executed with chromatographic technique using a capillary column, DB‐624 measuring with 30 m × 0.32 mm × 1.8 μm specification of 6% cyanopropylphenyl‐94% dimethylpolysiloxane copolymer and helium carrier gas. This developed technique gave a good intensity peak without any interference and extra masses at the retention times of 11.17 min for PGI‐I and 11.59 min for PGI‐II, which was adequate, with mass spectra (m/z) of 79 and 62, respectively. The method’s sensitivity and linearity are demonstrated by its detection and quantification limits at subtle levels with correlation coefficients of 0.9965 for PGI‐I and 0.9910 for PGI‐II. The determination is mainly focused on improving sensitivity with the limits of detection and quantitation far below the specifications, which can support tighter limits. This results in a cost‐effective and easily adoptable methodology having precise and accurate results in colesevelam hydrochloride API at subtle levels.
Myrciaria Genus: Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities
Authors: Pereira Mariana Toledo Martins , Charret Thiago Sardou , Pascoal Vinicius D'Avila Bitencourt , Machado Ricardo Luiz Dantas , Rocha Leandro Machado , Pascoal Aislan Cristina Rheder Fagundes 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Myrtaceae family is of angiosperms, imposing its size and economic, cultural, and scientific importance. The genus Myrciaria, belonging to this family, has 33 species currently accepted, many of which are research targets aimed at elucidating their bioactive compounds and biological activities. Most species of the Myrciaria genus have terpenes in their composition, mainly mono and sesquiterpenes, and phenolic compounds such as tannins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Other secondary metabolites are also observed, such as alkaloids, steroids, coumarins, saponins, and naphthoquinones. These bioactive compounds are closely related to these species′ most diverse biological activities: antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, insecticide, metabolic, protective, and nutraceutical. This work aims to provide a review of secondary metabolites and medicinal properties related to the genus Myrciaria, thus stimulating further studies on the species of this genus.