bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Editing and Genetic Control of Hemipteran Pests: Progress, Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Pacheco Inaiara D. , Walling Linda L. , Atkinson Peter W. 
Published: June 2022

The origin of the order Hemiptera can be traced to the late Permian Period more than 230 MYA, well before the origin of flowering plants 100 MY later in during the Cretaceous period. Hemipteran species consume their liquid diets using a sucking proboscis; for phytophagous hemipterans their mouthparts (stylets) are elegant structures that enable voracious feeding from plant xylem or phloem. This adaptation has resulted in some hemipteran species becoming globally significant pests of agriculture resulting in significant annual crop losses. Due to the reliance on chemical insecticides for the control of insect pests in agricultural settings, many hemipteran pests have evolved resistance to insecticides resulting in an urgent need to develop new, species-specific and environmentally friendly methods of pest control. The rapid advances in CRISPR/Cas9 technologies in model insects such as Drosophila melanogaster, Tribolium castaneum, Bombyx mori, and Aedes aegypti has spurred a new round of innovative genetic control strategies in the Diptera and Lepidoptera and an increased interest in assessing genetic control technologies for the Hemiptera. Genetic control approaches in the Hemiptera have, to date, been largely overlooked due to the problems of introducing genetic material into the germline of these insects. The high frequency of CRISPR-mediated mutagenesis in model insect species suggest that, if the delivery problem for Hemiptera could be solved, then gene editing in the Hemiptera might be quickly achieved. Significant advances in CRISPR/Cas9 editing have been realized in nine species of Hemiptera over the past 4 years. Here we review progress in the Hemiptera and discuss the challenges and opportunities for extending contemporary genetic control strategies into species in this agriculturally important insect orderr.
Content-Aware Segmentation of Objects Spanning a Large Size Range: Application to Plankton Images
Authors: Panaïotis Thelma , Caray–Counil Louis , Woodward Ben , Schmid Moritz S. , Daprano Dominic , Tsai Sheng Tse , Sullivan Christopher M. , Cowen Robert K. , Irisson Jean-Olivier 
Published: June 2022

As the basis of oceanic food webs and a key component of the biological carbon pump, planktonic organisms play major roles in the oceans. Their study benefited from the development of in situ imaging instruments, which provide higher spatio-temporal resolution than previous tools. But these instruments collect huge quantities of images, the vast majority of which are of marine snow particles or imaging artifacts. Among them, the In Situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS) samples the largest water volumes (&gt; 100 L s-1) and thus produces particularly large datasets. To extract manageable amounts of ecological information from in situ images, we propose to focus on planktonic organisms early in the data processing pipeline: at the segmentation stage. We compared three segmentation methods, particularly for smaller targets, in which plankton represents less than 1% of the objects: (i) a traditional thresholding over the background, (ii) an object detector based on maximally stable extremal regions (MSER), and (iii) a content-aware object detector, based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). These methods were assessed on a subset of ISIIS data collected in the Mediterranean Sea, from which a ground truth dataset of &gt; 3,000 manually delineated organisms is extracted. The naive thresholding method captured 97.3% of those but produced ~340,000 segments, 99.1% of which were therefore not plankton (i.e. recall = 97.3%, precision = 0.9%). Combining thresholding with a CNN missed a few more planktonic organisms (recall = 91.8%) but the number of segments decreased 18-fold (precision increased to 16.3%). The MSER detector produced four times fewer segments than thresholding (precision = 3.5%), missed more organisms (recall = 85.4%), but was considerably faster. Because naive thresholding produces ~525,000 objects from 1 minute of ISIIS deployment, the more advanced segmentation methods significantly improve ISIIS data handling and ease the subsequent taxonomic classification of segmented objects. The cost in terms of recall is limited, particularly for the CNN object detector. These approaches are now standard in computer vision and could be applicable to other plankton imaging devices, the majority of which pose a data management problem.
The Significant Role of Tumor Volume on the Surgical Approach Choice, Surgical Complexity, and Postoperative Complications in Renal Cell Carcinoma With Venous Tumor Thrombus From a Large Chinese Center Experience
Authors: Baheen Qais , Liu Zhuo , Hao Yichang , Sawh Rejean R. R. , Li Yuxuan , Zhao Xun , Hong Peng , Wu Zonglong , Ma Lulin 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the role of tumor volume (TV) on surgical approach choice, surgical complexity, and postoperative complications in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.MethodFrom January 2014 to January 2020, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 132 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava thrombectomy (RN-IVCT). Primary renal tumor volume (PRTV), renal vein tumor thrombus volume (RVTTV), inferior vena cava tumor thrombus volume (IVCTTV), and total tumor thrombus volume (TTTV) were measured with the help of an internationally recognized 3D volume measurement software. The patients were divided into three groups according to the tumor volume within the inferior vena cava (IVC). Group 1 included 48 patients with IVCTTV between 0 and 15 cm3 (36.6%), group 2 included 38 patients with IVCTTV between 16 and 30 cm3 (28%), and group 3 included 46 patients with IVCTTV above 30 cm3 (35%). The three IVCTTV groups, as well as four different volume groups, were compared in terms of surgical approach choice, surgical complexity, and postoperative complications. One-way ANOVA and a non-parametric test were used to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and distribution differences between the three groups.ResultThis study found significant differences among the three groups in the proportion of open surgery (P &lt; 0.001), operation time (P &lt; 0.044), intraoperative bleeding (P &lt; 0.001), and postoperative complications (P &lt; 0.001). When the four different volumes were compared, we found that for higher volumes IVCTTV and TTTV, open surgery is used more often compared with laparoscopic surgery (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, with the increase in renal vein tumor thrombus volume, inferior vena cava tumor thrombus volume, and total tumor thrombus volume, the operation time also increased. Finally, with the increase in tumor thrombus volume and total tumor thrombus volume, the amount of intraoperative bleeding increased.ConclusionWith the increase in tumor volume, the proportion of open surgery and the incidence of postoperative complications increased. In addition, larger tumor volume prolongs operation time, increases intraoperative blood loss, and makes the surgery more complicated.
Cariporide Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis Partly Through Regulation of Akt/GSK-3β and Sirt1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liao Wenli , Rao Zhiwei , Wu Lingling , Chen Yong , Li Cairong 
Published: June 2022

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent with limited usage due to its cumulative cardiotoxicity. The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is a known regulator of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of cariporide (CAR), a selective inhibitor of NHE1, against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with DOX to induce cardiac toxicity and CAR was given orally for treatment. The injured H9c2 cell model was established by incubation with DOX in vitro. Echocardiography, as well as morphological and ultra-structural examination were performed to evaluate cardiac function and histopathological changes. The biochemical parameters were determined according to the manufacturer’s guideline of kits. ROS were assessed by using an immunofluorescence assay. The serum levels and mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines were measured by using ELISA or qRT-PCR. Cardiac cell apoptosis and H9c2 cell viability were tested by TUNEL or MTT method respectively. The protein expressions of Cleaved-Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, Akt, GSK-3β, and Sirt1 were detected by western blot.Results: Treatment with CAR protected against DOX-induced body weight changes, impairment of heart function, leakage of cardiac enzymes, and heart histopathological damage. In addition, CAR significantly attenuated oxidative stress and inhibited the levels and mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-1β), which were increased by DOX treatment. Moreover, CAR significantly suppressed myocardial apoptosis and Cleaved-Caspase-3 protein expression induced by DOX, which was in agreement with the increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Also, DOX suppressed phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β, which was significantly reversed by administration of CAR. Furthermore, CAR treatment prevented DOX-induced down-regulation of Sirt1 at the protein level in vitro and in vivo. Finally, Sirt1 inhibitor reversed the protective effects of CAR, as evidenced by reduced cell viability and Sirt1 protein expression in vitro.Conclusion: Taken together, we provide evidence for the first time in the current study that CAR exerts potent protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. This cardio-protective effect is attributed to suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, at least in part, through regulation of Akt/GSK-3β and Sirt1 signaling pathway, which has not been reported to date.
Case Report: Langerhans Cell Sarcoma With Intracranial and Extracranial Communication on the Left Frontal Bone
Authors: Xie Shan , Shao Zhilin , Shao Dongqi , Du Bang , Han Yi , Li Yu , Zhang Binbin , Zheng Xialin , Jiang Zhiquan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLangerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is an extremely rare type of malignant tumor that originates from Langerhans cells (LC). It is characterized by the malignant proliferation and dissemination of LC and is extremely invasive, with rapid progression and a poor prognosis. Treatment includes resection of lesions, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. However, a unified and optimized treatment plan is lacking, and individualized treatment is accepted.Case presentationWe report an 18-year-old man with intracranial and extracranial communicative LCS that occurred in only the left forehead without metastasis to other regions. Clinical and hematological data were normal. We undertook complete resection of diseased tissue, which was pathologically examined. Staining (hematoxylin and eosin) showed positivity for cluster of differentiation (CD)1a (++), S-100 protein (++), P53 (++), CD68 (+), cyclin D1 (+), cyclin A (+), cyclin B1 (+), IGF2BP3 (+), and Ki-67 (45%–50%). Recurrence or metastasis were not observed after long-term follow-up.ConclusionLCS is a rare malignant tumor, and one that occurs with intracranial and extracranial communication is even rarer. Active adoption of an individualized treatment plan is crucial.
The SAFE Pilot Trial—SAlvage Focal Irreversible Electroporation—For Recurrent Localized Prostate Cancer: Rationale and Study Protocol
Authors: Marra Giancarlo , Shah Taimur T. , D’Agate Daniele , Marquis Alessandro , Calleris Giorgio , Lunelli Luca , Filippini Claudia , Oderda Marco , Gatti Marco , Valerio Massimo , Sanchez-Salas Rafael , Bossi Alberto , Gomez-Rivas Juan , Conte Francesca , Deandreis Desiree , Cussenot Olivier , Ricardi Umberto , Gontero Paolo 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionCurrently, the majority of prostate cancer (PCa) recurrences after non-surgical first-line treatment are managed with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) is a curative alternative to ADT but yields significant morbidity. Preliminary evidence from focal salvage treatments shows similar oncological control but lower morbidity compared to sRP. Among available ablative focal energies, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a treatment modality that proved promising, especially in treating apical lesions, where PCa most often recurs. Our aim is to test the safety of salvage IRE for recurrent PCa.MethodsWe performed a single-arm pilot feasibility study (IDEAL stage 2a): SAFE, SAlvage Focal irreversible Electroporation for recurrent localized PCa. Twenty patients with biopsy-proven PCa recurrence after primary non-surgical (radiation or ablation) treatment were included. All men will undergo mpMRI ± targeted biopsies, pre-operative PSMA-PET staging before inclusion and sIRE. Outcomes will be evaluated through internationally validated questionnaires and morbidity scales. All men will undergo a control biopsy at one year.ResultsPrimary objectives were the evaluation of the safety of sIRE (and patients’ quality of life) after treatment. Secondary objectives were the evaluation of functional outcomes, namely, continence and erectile function changes and evaluation of short-term oncological efficacy.ConclusionsSAFE is the second pilot study to evaluate sIRE and the first one performed according to the most recent diagnostic and staging imaging standards. sIRE may provide a curative option for recurrent PCa together with lower comorbidities compared to sRP.
EPS-Producing Lactobacillus plantarum MC5 as a Compound Starter Improves Rheology, Texture, and Antioxidant Activity of Yogurt during Storage
Authors: Zhao Xuefang , Liang Qi 
Published: June 2022

This study evaluated the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MC5 on the quality, antioxidant activity, and storage stability of yogurt, to determine its possible application as a starter in milk fermentation. Four groups of yogurt were made with different proportions of probiotic L. plantarum MC5 and commercial starters. The yogurt samples’ rheological properties, texture properties, antioxidant activity, storage stability, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) content during storage were determined. The results showed that 2:1 and 1:1 yogurt samples (supplemented with L. plantarum MC5) attained the highest EPS content (982.42 mg/L and 751.71 mg/L) during storage. The apparent viscosity, consistency, cohesiveness, and water holding capacity (WHC) of yogurt samples supplemented with L. plantarum MC5 were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Further evaluation of antioxidant activity revealed that yogurt samples containing MC5 starter significantly increased in DPPH, ABTS, OH, and ferric iron-reducing power. The study also found that adding MC5 can promote the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus. Therefore, yogurt containing L. plantarum MC5 had favorable rheological properties, texture, and health effects. The probiotic MC5 usage in milk fermentation showed adequate potential for industrial application.
The Use of Chitosan-Coated Nanovesicles in Repairing Alcohol-Induced Damage of Liver Cells in Mice
Authors: Hilițanu Loredana Nicoleta , Mititelu-Tarțău Liliana , Bogdan Maria , Buca Beatrice Rozalina , Păuna Ana-Maria Raluca , Pavel Liliana Lăcrămioara , Pelin Ana-Maria , Meca Andreea-Daniela , Popa Grațiela Eliza 
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives In the past few decades, the studies concerning the natural polysaccharide chitosan have been centered on a new direction: its hepatoprotective action. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of previously designed chitosan lipid vesicles on the liver damage induced by alcohol consumption in mice. Materials and Methods The study involved the oral administration of substances in one daily dose as follows: Group 1 (control): water; Group 2 (control alcohol): 5% alcohol in water; Group 3 (CHIT): 0.1 mL/10 g body weight chitosan solution in animals treated with alcohol; Group 4 (CHIT-ves): 0.1 mL/10 g body chitosan vesicles in animals treated with alcohol; Group 5 (AcA): 200 mg/kg body ascorbic acid in animals treated with alcohol. In order to evaluate liver damage after alcohol consumption, the following hematological parameters were tested: the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase; serum values of urea and creatinine; the phagocytic capacity of polymorphonuclear neutrophilsin peripheral blood;serum opsonic capacity;bactericidal capacity of peritoneal macrophages; and the activity of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase. Results and Conclusions The treatment with chitosan vesicles decreased liver enzyme activity and reduced the oxidative stress disturbances in alcoholic mice, thus repairing the hepatic functional and structural damages. These beneficial activities of chitosan vesicles were comparable with ascorbic acid effects in alcoholic mice.
Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Treated with Magnesium Nanoparticles and Its Impact on Soilborne Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum in Clay Soil
Authors: Abdallah Yasmine , Hussien Marwa , Omar Maha O. A. , Elashmony Ranya M. S. , Alkhalifah Dalal Hussien M. , Hozzein Wael N. 
Published: June 2022

The nanotechnology revolution is developing daily all over the world. Soil-borne fungi cause a significant yield loss in mung beans. Our study was performed to identify the impact of different concentrations of MgO nanoparticles (MgONPs) and to assess the prevalence of Fusarium solani (F. solani) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) in mung bean plants under in vivo conditions and, subsequently, the remaining impacts on soil health. In vitro studies revealed that MgONPs could inhibit fungal growth. Mung bean plants treated with MgONPs showed a promotion in growth. The obtained MgONPs were applied to the roots of 14-day-old mung bean plants at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The application of MgONPs at a concentration of 100 µg/mL caused an increase in mung bean seedlings. Compared to the control treated with water, plants exposed to MgONPs at 100 µg/mL showed improvements (p < 0.05) in shoot fresh weight (28.62%), shoot dry weight (85.18%), shoot length (45.83%), root fresh weight (38.88%), root dry weight (33.33%), root length (98.46%), and root nodule (70.75%). In the greenhouse, the severity of disease caused by F. solani decreased from approximately 44% to 25% and that by F. oxysporum from 39% to 11.4%, respectively. The results of this study confirm that the temporal growth of the soil microbial biomass was partially reduced or boosted following the nanoparticle drenching addition and/or plant infections at higher concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL while there was no significant decrease at the lowest concentration (25 µg/mL). The current research helps us to better understand how nanoparticles might be used to prevent a variety of fungal diseases in agricultural fields while avoiding the creation of environmental hazards to soil health.
COOKIES BAYAM DAN TEPUNG SORGUM KAYA AKAN ZAT BESI SEBAGAI MAKANAN TAMBAHAN UNTUK IBU HAMIL DENGAN ANEMIA
Authors: Rahmat Mamat , Priawantiputri Witri , Pusparini Pusparini 
Published: June 2022

Anemia pada Ibu Hamil merupakan masalah yang serius di Indonesia, prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil tahun 2013 sebesar 31,8 % dan pada tahun 2018 meningkat menjadi 48,0 %. Dampak Anemia pada Ibu Hamil berbahaya bagi Ibu dan juga janin yang dikandung. Cookies bayam sorgum merupakan inovasi makanan tambahan untuk Ibu Hamil yang mengandung zat besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat produk pangan lokal yang kaya akan zat besi sebagai makanan tambahan bagi Ibu Hamil dengan Anemia. Pada penelitian ini dibuat tiga formula imbangan bayam hijau berbanding tepung sorgum, formula 1 (10:90%), formula 2 (20%:80%), formula 3 (30%:70%). Uji hedonik dilakukan pada 30 subjek panelis Ibu Hamil untuk melihat tingkat kesukaan pada aspek warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur. Kandungan zat gizi makro, serat pangan dan zat besi diukur dengan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Ada pengaruh imbangan bayam dan tepung sorgum terhadap warna, aroma, dan rasa cookies bayam sorgum (p=0.000). Cookies formula 1 merupakan cookies dengan tingkat kesukaan terbaik dan memenuhi syarat SNI dari Cookies. Kandungan zat gizi cookies bayam sorgum formula 1 per 100 g adalah energi 459.6 kkal, karbohidrat 70.53 g, kadar protein 10.3 g, kadar lemak 17.07 g, kadar serat pangan 10.33, dan kadar zat besi 2.51 mg. Cookies bayam sorgum dapat menjadi alternatif makanan tambahan bagi ibu hamil.
PERFORMED FACTORS IN THE REHABILITATION OF CARDIAC PATIENTS ON AN OUTPATIENT BASIS
Authors: Tokarenko О. I. , Kovaleva O. V. , Kovaleva A. A. , Tokarenko O. O. 
Published: June 2022

In older people, adequate pharmacological tactics when using modern antihypertensive drugs and their combinations, which provide maximum cardiovascular protection, can increase the duration and improve the quality of life, significantly reduce the likelihood of complications. An increase in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system leads to biliary dyskinesia by hypokinetic type, an increase in blood pressure.
The aim is to optimize the treatment of patients with high blood pressure, rhythm disturbances, to analyze the possibility of using Poltava's Bischofite mineral compound, dietary magnesium-mineral supplements Bisheffect, in the complex treatment of hypertension for internal use.
Matherials and methods. 68 patients with arterial hypertension with concomitant hepatobiliary pathology, which was confirmed by clinical and instrumental research methods, were under observation. The patients’ mean age was 47.9 ± 2.9 years. The analysis of heart rate variability was carried out during a test with physical activity on a bicycle ergometer with “Cardiolab+” equipment (“XAI-Medica, Kharkiv, Ukraine). In addition, daily monitoring of blood pressure was carried out using the ABPM-04 - Meditech apparatus.
Result. By the end of the first week of treatment, most patients (82.34%) noted a significant improvement in well-being. During bicycle ergometry, autonomic nervous system stabilisation, blood pressure normalisation, a decrease in the number of extrasystoles, the sleep and the stool normalisation were recorded. The reason for the failure of standard antiarrhythmic therapy in this group of patients was determined based on the studies. Such a problem was observed due to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which is an integral companion of the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. This concept involves expanding the diagnostic search and stimulates the search for new ways of rhythm disturbances treatment in the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Also, the indices of blood pressure variability have decreased. Average 24h blood pressure in patients on the 10th day of treatment decreased by an average of 25-35 mm Hg, and there was a decrease in cranialgia attacks and autonomic disorders. An increase in the blood ejection fraction by 34%, a heart's stroke volume by 19%, and a normalisation of the minute volume (p˂0.05) were revealed, which confirms the positive effect of bischofite-therapy in the complex treatment of cardiac pathology.
Conclusions. Treatment with standard LEIT-therapy, use of dietary magnesium-mineral Bisheffect supplements resulted in the autonomic nervous system stabilisation, blood pressure normalisation, a decrease in the number of extrasystoles, the sleep and the stool normalisation, increased exercise tolerance.