bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density functional theory calculations of electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of K‐based double perovskite materials
Authors: Berri Saadi , Bouarissa Nadir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStructural parameters, elastic constants, electronic band structures, and thermoelectric properties of K2ABF6 (A = Ag, Na, B = Rh, Pd, Ni, Nb, Ru, Ti) materials at zero pressure and elevated temperatures have been studied. The computations have been presented within the density functional theory using the Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package code. Special attention has been given to the thermoelectric properties of the studied materials for K‐based double perovskite materials. The obtained results are generally found to be in good agreement with the available data in the literature. Other case, our results are predictions. The calculated lattice parameters are found to be less than 3% with those of experiments. All materials of interest are classified as ductile ones. An inspection of the band structure indicated that all materials under load are indirect bandgap semiconductors. The high Seebeck coefficient is shown by the semiconductors, while metals have the least Seebeck coefficient. The alloys possess high figure of merit (ZT) values, suggesting their applications in thermoelectric power generation.
A mixed‐method systematic review and meta‐analysis of the influences of food environments and food insecurity on obesity in high‐income countries
Authors: Eskandari Fatemeh , Lake Amelia A. , Rose Kelly , Butler Mark , O'Malley Claire 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObesity remains a serious public health concern in rich countries and the current obesogenic food environments and food insecurity are predictors of this disease. The impact of these variables on rising obesity trends is, however, mixed and inconsistent, due to measurement issues and cross‐sectional study designs. To further the work in this area, this review aimed to summarize quantitative and qualitative data on the relationship between these variables, among adults and children across high‐income countries. A mixed‐method systematic review was conducted using 13 electronic databases, up to August 2021. Two authors independently extracted data and evaluated quality of publications. Random‐effects meta‐analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for the association between food insecurity and obesity. Where statistical pooling for extracted statistics related to food environments was not possible due to heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was performed. Meta‐analysis of 36,113 adults and children showed statistically significant associations between food insecurity and obesity (OR: 1.503, 95% confidence interval: 1.432–1.577, p < .05). Narrative synthesis showed association between different types of food environments and obesity. Findings from qualitative studies regarding a reliance on energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor foods owing to their affordability and accessibility aligned with findings from quantitative studies. Results from both qualitative and quantitative studies regarding the potential links between increased body weight and participation in food assistance programs such as food banks were supportive of weight gain. To address obesity among individuals experiencing food insecurity, wide‐reaching approaches are required, especially among those surrounded by unhealthy food environments which could potentially influence food choice.
Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in the umbilical cord blood – Correlation with light and dark maternal skin color
Authors: Wille Klara , Richard Aline , Nieters Alexandra , Rohrmann Sabine , Quack Lötscher Katharina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring pregnancy, vitamin D deficiency is associated with negative health consequences for mother and child. Furthermore, dark skin color is associated with lower vitamin D levels. We investigated 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in mothers and in cord blood of their newborns depending on maternal skin color. We recruited 202 mother and child pairs at the University Hospital Zurich and measured 25(OH)D and PTH concentrations in maternal and postpartum umbilical cord blood. Skin type was self‐reported based on the Fitzpatrick Scale (type I to V). Uni‐ and multivariate methods were used to compare the maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D and PTH levels by skin type (light: I–III vs. dark: IV–V). As many as 54.5% of all mothers and 41.1% of the neonates were 25(OH)D deficient. This was higher in the neonates of dark‐skinned (55.9%) than in the neonates of light‐skinned mothers (38.1%; p = .06). The correlation of 25(OH)D in the maternal with umbilical cord blood was high (light: r = 0.85, dark: r = 0.87), with higher concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D in the umbilical cord than in maternal blood. Regression analysis revealed that country of origin and maternal 25(OH)D concentration were the only statistically significant determinants for umbilical cord blood 25(OH)D. We observed no correlation of maternal with umbilical cord PTH concentrations; median PTH concentrations in the umbilical cord (5.6 pg/ml) were significantly lower than in maternal blood (25.7 pg/ml). The recommendation of vitamin D supplementation in newborns in their first 3 years of life should be particularly emphasized to dark‐skinned mothers.
Possible linkage between Paleolithic site occurrence and past climate change in the central Korean Peninsula
Authors: Shin Seungwon , Park Yong‐Hee , Lim Jaesoo , Cheong Daekyo , Choi Seung‐Yup , Choi Jeong‐Heon , Jun Chang‐Pyo , Lim Hyoun Soo , Lee Jin‐Young 
Published: August 2022

AbstractKorea's Paleolithic sites are primarily located in riverine environments and the margins of alluvial fans. More than 100 Paleolithic excavations have been conducted in the Korean Peninsula, but the relationship between the locations of these sites and past climate change has received little attention. In this study, we investigated this relationship at a Paleolithic site in Wonju city, Korea, that contained two cultural layers and yielded a total of 336 stone artifacts. The lithological units present at the site indicate that the sedimentary environment changed from a riverine sandy channel to an alluvial plain owing to channel migration at the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4. The alluvial plain sediments deposited during MIS 4–2 are characterized by low sand content (<5%) and two soil wedges. Most Paleolithic artifacts were excavated from the upper soil wedge, deposited during MIS 3 under relatively warm and wet conditions associated with global climatic changes (as indicated by sea level or continental ice volume) and the East Asian summer monsoon. The number of Paleolithic cultural layers increases in late MIS 3 in other regions, suggesting that climate conditions are an essential factor in the development of Paleolithic cultural layers.
MDB – Leistungsfähiges, flexibles und betriebsorientiertes Drainagespülen in Eisenbahntunneln
Authors: Heissenberger Roman , Schneider Martin , Wagner Hanns , Ferreira Christina , Schachinger Tobias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of a partially remote controlled and automated long distance flushing system used during maintenance is part of the maintenance strategy of the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB Infrastruktur AG). The so called MDR (modular drainage flushing system railway) will come into use in the three new railway tunnels Granitztal Tunnel, Koralm Tunnel and Semmering Base Tunnel along the Southern Railway Line. The flushing system consists of the major components MDR flushing box, MDR transport module and various permanently installed components such as flushing shaft, water supply, electricity and data connection. During drainage flushing the MDR is positioned on top of the central flushing shaft in the respective crossway area and connected to the required infrastructure. With the proposed hose length of 600 m, the remote‐controlled flushing system flushes all drainages along a length of 500 m in both tunnel tubes as well as the crossways. Once the flushing process and quality check via camera inspection have been completed, the MDR flushing box is moved to the next site at the next crossway during a break in operations. During the flushing process itself, railway traffic does not have to be interrupted. Track closure is only necessary when the MDR is being relocated. In order to increase the MDR flushing box's flexibility the system should also be usable on the tracks themselves.
Oncologic outcomes of salvage surgery and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A single‐institution retrospective study
Authors: Konuthula Neeraja , Do Olivia A. , Gobillot Ted , Rodriguez Cristina P. , Futran Neal D. , Houlton Jeffrey , Barber Brittany R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSurvival outcomes in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are poor. This study aimed to compare survival outcomes between salvage surgery and immunotherapy in patients with recurrent advanced HNSCC.MethodsPatients with advanced stage (stage III or IV) recurrent HNSCC following treatment with platinum‐based chemotherapy were included. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox regression was used for multivariate logistic regression.ResultsTwo‐year overall survival after salvage surgery was 68.6% and after immunotherapy patients was 24.6%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that salvage surgery was associated with improved survival without statistical significance (hazard ratio [HR] 0.12, p = 0.25). Subgroup analysis of patients with oral cavity/oropharyngeal cancer noted improved survival with salvage surgery over immunotherapy (HR 0.006, p = 0.01) and decreased survival with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 5 (HR 6.4, p = 0.02).ConclusionOur retrospective single‐institutional data suggest that resectable advanced stage recurrent HNSCC may have improved survival with salvage surgery in appropriately selected patients, but larger prospective studies are required.
Cellular communication network factor 1‐stimulated liver macrophage efferocytosis drives hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis
Authors: Kim Ki‐Hyun , Cheng Naiyuan , Lau Lester F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Following inflammatory injury in the liver, neutrophils quickly infiltrate the injured tissue to defend against microbes and initiate the repair process; these neutrophils are short lived and rapidly undergo apoptosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the principal precursor cells that transdifferentiate into myofibroblast‐like cells, which produce a large amount of extracellular matrix that promotes repair but can also lead to fibrosis if the injury becomes chronic. The matricellular protein cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) acts as a bridging molecule by binding phosphatidylserine in apoptotic cells and integrin αvβ3 in phagocytes, thereby triggering efferocytosis or phagocytic clearance of the apoptotic cells. Here, we show that CCN1 induces liver macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver injury, leading to the production of activated transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, which in turn induces HSC transdifferentiation into myofibroblast‐like cells that promote fibrosis development. Consequently, knock‐in mice expressing a single amino acid substitution in CCN1 rendering it unable to bind αvβ3 or induce efferocytosis are impaired in neutrophil clearance, production of activated TGF‐β1, and HSC transdifferentiation, resulting in greatly diminished liver fibrosis following exposure to CCl4. Conclusion: These results reveal the crucial role of CCN1 in stimulating liver macrophage clearance of apoptotic neutrophils, a process that drives HSC transdifferentiation into myofibroblastic cells and underlies fibrogenesis in chronic liver injury.
Linear stability analysis of electro‐convection in dielectric Oldroydian nanofluid
Authors: Devi Jyoti , Sharma Veena , Thakur Anukampa , Rana Gian C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study deals with an analytical and computational study for the initiation of oscillatory convection in a rheological nanofluid permeated with an alternating current electric field using stress‐free boundary conditions. The rheological properties of the nanofluid are described using the Oldroyd model. The used model for nanofluid permeated with electric field integrates the additional effect of electrophoresis, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis in the conservation of momentum equations. The coupled partial differential equations are simplified to a nondimensional ordinary linear differential equation using infinitesimal perturbations, Boussinesq approximation, normal mode technique, and linearized stability theory. The characteristic equation is solved analytically for stress‐free boundary conditions and the expressions for Rayleigh number of non‐oscillatory and oscillatory modes initiation are determined with regard to various nondimensional governing variables. The oscillatory modes are found to occur for both the cases of top‐/bottom‐heavy nanoparticle distributions. The thermal Rayleigh number are presented graphically to investigate the influence of involved variables on the stability of the considered system. The results show that the electric Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, and stress‐relaxation parameter advance whereas the strain‐retardation parameter delays the initiation of both stationary and oscillatory convection.
Evaluation of the role of intraoperative frozen section and magnetic resonance imaging in endometrial cancer
Authors: Ooka Reina , Nanki Yoshiko , Yamagami Wataru , Kawaida Miho , Nagai Shimpei , Hirano Takuro , Sakai Kensuke , Makabe Takeshi , Chiyoda Tatsuyuki , Kobayashi Yusuke , Kataoka Fumio , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of preoperative endometrial biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of endometrial cancer compared with that of intraoperative frozen section.MethodsThis retrospective study included 264 patients who underwent surgery with intraoperative frozen section for endometrial cancer at our institution between 2014 and 2018. Diagnosis was determined by histologic type, grade, and myometrial invasion. Concordance rate, sensitivity, and specificity of preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative frozen diagnosis were calculated, in comparison to the final pathologic diagnosis.ResultsPreoperative and intraoperative diagnoses showed no statistically significant difference in determining histologic type and grade (P = 0.152). Intraoperative diagnosis showed higher sensitivity for endometrioid carcinoma grade 3 and other types, and higher specificity for grade 1. For myometrial invasion, intraoperative diagnosis showed significantly higher concordance rate than preoperative MRI findings (P < 0.01). Intraoperative diagnosis showed higher sensitivity and specificity in patients with and without myometrial invasion, respectively.ConclusionHigher agreement between intraoperative and final diagnoses, especially in myometrial invasion, suggests that intraoperative frozen section is a good indicator for appropriate surgical procedure decision making.
TCM2COVID: A resource of anti‐COVID‐19 traditional Chinese medicine with effects and mechanisms
Authors: Ren Liping , Xu Yi , Ning Lin , Pan Xianrun , Li Yuchen , Zhao Qi , Pang Bo , Huang Jian , Deng Kejun , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID‐19) prevention, treatment, and recovery and has played a part in the battle against the disease. A variety of TCM treatments have been recommended for different stages of COVID‐19. But, to the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive database for storing and organizing anti‐COVID TCM treatments is still lacking. Herein, we developed TCM2COVID, a manually curated resource of anti‐COVID TCM formulas, natural products (NPs), and herbs. The current version of TCM2COVID (1) documents over 280 TCM formulas (including over 300 herbs) with detailed clinical evidence and therapeutic mechanism information; (2) records over 80 NPs with detailed potential therapeutic mechanisms; and (3) launches a useful web server for querying, analyzing and visualizing documented formulas similar to those supplied by the user (formula similarity analysis). In summary, TCM2COVD provides a user‐friendly and practical platform for documenting, querying, and browsing anti‐COVID TCM treatments, and will help in the development and elucidation of the mechanisms of action of new anti‐COVID TCM therapies to support the fight against the COVID‐19 epidemic. TCM2COVID is freely available at http://zhangy-lab.cn/tcm2covid/.
Hypoparathyroidism: Genetics and Diagnosis
Authors: Mannstadt Michael , Cianferotti Luisella , Gafni Rachel I , Giusti Francesca , Kemp Elizabeth Helen , Koch Christian A , Roszko Kelly L , Yao Liam , Guyatt Gordon H , Thakker Rajesh V , Xia Weibo , Brandi Maria-Luisa 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
This narrative report summarizes diagnostic criteria for hypoparathyroidism and describes the clinical presentation and underlying genetic causes of the nonsurgical forms. We conducted a comprehensive literature search from January 2000 to January 2021 and included landmark articles before 2000, presenting a comprehensive update of these topics and suggesting a research agenda to improve diagnosis and, eventually, the prognosis of the disease. Hypoparathyroidism, which is characterized by insufficient secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to hypocalcemia, is diagnosed on biochemical grounds. Low albumin-adjusted calcium or ionized calcium with concurrent inappropriately low serum PTH concentration are the hallmarks of the disease. In this review, we discuss the characteristics and pitfalls in measuring calcium and PTH. We also undertook a systematic review addressing the utility of measuring calcium and PTH within 24 hours after total thyroidectomy to predict long-term hypoparathyroidism. A summary of the findings is presented here; results of the detailed systematic review are published separately in this issue of JBMR. Several genetic disorders can present with hypoparathyroidism, either as an isolated disease or as part of a syndrome. A positive family history and, in the case of complex diseases, characteristic comorbidities raise the clinical suspicion of a genetic disorder. In addition to these disorders' phenotypic characteristics, which include autoimmune diseases, we discuss approaches for the genetic diagnosis. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Carbendazim toxicity in different cell lines and mammalian tissues
Authors: Sharma Monika , Maheshwari Nikhil , Khan Fahim Halim , Mahmood Riaz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe extensive production and use of harmful pesticides in agriculture to improve crop yield has raised concerns about their potential threat to living components of the environment. Pesticides cause serious environmental and health problems both to humans and animals. Carbendazim (CBZ) is a broad spectrum fungicide that is used to control or effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms. CBZ is a significant contaminant found in food, soil and water. It exerts immediate and delayed harmful effects on humans, invertebrates, aquatic animals and soil microbes when used extensively and repeatedly. CBZ is a teratogenic, mutagenic and aneugenic agent that imparts its toxicity by enhancing generation of reactive oxygen species generation. It elevates the oxidation of thiols, proteins and lipids and decreases the activities of antioxidant enzymes. CBZ is cytotoxic causing hematological abnormalities, mitotic spindle deformity, inhibits mitosis and alters cell cycle events which lead to apoptosis. CBZ is known to cause endocrine‐disruption, embryo toxicity, infertility, hepatic dysfunction and has been reported to be one of the leading causes of neurodegenerative disorders. CBZ is dangerous to human health, the most common side effects upon chronic exposure are thyroid gland dysfunction and oxidative hepato‐nephrotoxicity. In mammals, CBZ has been shown to disrupt the antioxidant defense system. In this review, CBZ‐induced toxicity in different cells, tissues and organisms, under in vitro and in vivo conditions, has been systematically discussed.
Compression Elastography and Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography for Measurement of Brain Elasticity in Full‐Term and Premature Neonates
Authors: Yang Huihui , Li Huibing , Liao Jianyi , Yuan Xiaoyan , Shi Changzheng , Liang Weixiang 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the brain tissue elasticity in normal term and premature neonates using compression elastography and shear wave elastography.MethodsThis prospective observational study enrolled term and premature neonates admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between July 2019 and December 2020.ResultsA total of 106 neonates, including 65 premature neonates and 41 term neonates, were enrolled. The elastic modulus of the frontal white matter in males was significantly lower than in females (11.67 ± 0.98 versus 12.25 ± 1.31, P = .030), but the shear wave velocity of the thalamus in males was significantly lower than in females (1.18 ± 0.13 versus 1.82 ± 0.10, P < .001). There was no significant correlation between real‐time body weight and brain tissue elasticity including elastic modulus and shear wave velocity. But, the shear wave velocity of parietal white matter (r = 0.319, P = .014) and thalamus (r = −0.268, P = .040) and the elastic modulus of parietal white matter (r = 0.356, P = .006) were correlated with corrected gestational age.ConclusionsClinicians may consider using elastography to determine brain tissue elasticity in term and preterm neonates.
Density, harvest rates, and growth of a reintroduced American black bear population
Authors: Alston Joshua D. , Clark Joseph D. , Gibbs Daniel B. , Hast John 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLess than 30% of all species reintroductions have been successful and it is important that factors associated with success or failure be identified. Officials experimentally translocated 14 adult female American black bears (Ursus americanus) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina and Tennessee, USA, to Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area in the Cumberland Plateau of Kentucky and Tennessee, USA, in 1996–1997. Since that time, the reintroduced bear population has continued to expand in size and range so our study objective was to use spatially explicit capture‐recapture methods across a wide spatial extent to estimate bear population abundance and growth. We constructed 440 (223 in KY, 217 in TN) hair traps in our primary sampling area in 2019 arranged in clusters of 4–9 traps/cluster, which we augmented with data from 138 hair traps in a secondary sampling area in Tennessee collected in 2018. We extracted and genotyped DNA from hair samples to construct spatially explicit capture histories, using spatial covariates to model inhomogeneous densities. Population abundance estimates across our 36,035‐km2 study area were 411 males and 406 females excluding cubs. Based on an initial standing population of 18 adult and subadult bears, the mean annual growth rate (λ) from 1998 to 2019 was 1.199. The mean annual harvest rate in Kentucky from 2013 to 2019 was 5.1% and in Tennessee from 2014 to 2019 was 13.2%. Based on simulations, the hunting seasons reduced mean λ from 1.217 to 1.199, but growth was rapid despite harvest. Genetic diversity was retained, with similar expected heterozygosity as in the source population. The lack of conspecifics, highly productive habitat, and an initial age and sex distribution that was skewed toward the most fecund members of the population likely contributed to the rapid growth and high levels of gene retention in this bear population.