bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel modality for real-time measurement of provider happiness
Authors: Carlile Narath , Tantillo Sarah , Brown Michael , Bates David W , Choudhry Niteesh K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
Physician burnout is at epidemic proportions, impacts clinical outcomes, and is very costly. Although there is emerging data about effective interventions, most physicians at risk of burnout do not seek help. Survey-based measures exist which can quantify burnout within populations, but these are usually only administered episodically. We hypothesized that a novel modality for real-time measurement of happiness and stressors would be acceptable, scalable, and could provide new actionable insights.

Materials
We developed a novel informatics system consisting of a networked smart button device, server, and analytics for measuring happiness, and stressors in real-time during clinical work. We performed an observational cohort study in 3 primary care clinics. Random and fixed effects modeling was used to analyze predictors of stress and happiness and we conducted a survey of usability and user acceptance of the novel system.

Results
We captured 455 recordings across 392 provider days from 14 primary care providers. In total, 85% of users found the device easy to use, and 87% would recommend the system to their colleagues. Happiness and stressors were observed in all working hours of the day, with a 22% reduction in feeling (the proportion of happiness to stressors) across a clinical day.

Discussion
We tested a novel system which providers found easy to use and enabled collection of detailed data. Limitations included being an observational study within a small number of clinics. A simple, unintrusive, scalable informatics system capable of measuring happiness, and stressors in real-time could be useful to healthcare organizations and teams.
Association of Medical Financial Hardship and Mortality Among Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Yabroff K Robin , Han Xuesong , Song Weishan , Zhao Jingxuan , Nogueira Leticia , Pollack Craig E , Jemal Ahmedin , Zheng Zhiyuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Cancer survivors frequently experience medical financial hardship in the United States. Little is known, however, about long-term health consequences. This study examines the associations of financial hardship and mortality in a large nationally representative sample of cancer survivors.

Methods
We identified cancer survivors aged 18-64 years (n = 14 917) and 65-79 years (n = 10 391) from the 1997-2014 National Health Interview Survey and its linked mortality files with vital status through December 31, 2015. Medical financial hardship was measured as problems affording care or delaying or forgoing any care because of cost in the past 12 months. Risk of mortality was estimated with separate weighted Cox proportional hazards models by age group with age as the timescale, controlling for the effects of sociodemographic characteristics. Health insurance coverage was added sequentially to multivariable models.

Results
Among cancer survivors aged 18-64 years and 65-79 years, 29.6% and 11.0%, respectively, reported financial hardship in the past 12 months. Survivors with hardship had higher adjusted mortality risk than their counterparts in both age groups: 18-64 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04 to 1.30) and 65-79 years (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.28). Further adjustment for health insurance reduced the magnitude of association of hardship and mortality among survivors aged 18-64 years (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.24). Adjustment for supplemental Medicare coverage had little effect among survivors aged 65-79 years (HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.29).

Conclusion
Medical financial hardship was associated with mortality risk among cancer survivors in the United States.
Laparoscopic left hemi-nephroureterectomy for a patient with suspected urothelial carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney
Authors: Cullivan Orla , Byrnes Kevin , D’Arcy Frank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A 76-year-old gentleman with a background of benign prostatic hyperplasia, hiatus hernia and anxiety was referred to the rapid access haematuria service following an episode of painless visible haematuria. Flexible cystoscopy did not reveal any concerning bladder lesions. CT Urogram demonstrated a horseshoe kidney with a filling defect in the left upper pole moiety suspicious for an urothelial carcinoma. The patient was subsequently referred to the urology services in a tertiary centre. Flexible ureterorenoscopy was performed, with findings of a likely urothelial carcinoma corresponding to the suspicious area on imaging. Biopsy of this lesion revealed a low grade urothelial cancer. The patient proceeded to have a laparoscopic left heminephroureterectomy with an open bladder cuff. The patient recovered well and urinary catheter was removed Day 12 post procedure after the performance of a cystogram. Histology revealed a favourable pTa low grade malignancy, and the patient will require ongoing follow-up moving forward. This case report highlights the operative intricacies in managing patients with horseshoe kidney due to anatomic variations associated with this condition.
Multiplex Microsphere PCR (mmPCR) Allows Simultaneous Gram Typing, Detection of Fungal DNA, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Authors: Browne Daniel J , Liang Fang , Gartlan Kate H , Harris Patrick N A , Hill Geoffrey R , Corrie Simon R , Markey Kate A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo show the high analytical specificity of our multiplex microsphere polymerase chain reaction (mmPCR) method, which offers the simultaneous detection of both general (eg, Gram type) and specific (eg, Pseudomonas species) clinically relevant genetic targets in a single modular multiplex reaction.Materials and MethodsIsolated gDNA of 16S/rRNA Sanger-sequenced and Basic Local Alignment Tool–identified bacterial and fungal isolates were selectively amplified in a custom 10-plex Luminex MagPlex-TAG microsphere-based mmPCR assay. The signal/noise ratio for each reaction was calculated from flow cytometry standard data collected on a BD LSR Fortessa II flow cytometer. Data were normalized to the no-template negative control and the signal maximum. The analytical specificity of the assay was compared to single-plex SYBR chemistry quantitative PCR.ResultsBoth general and specific primer sets were functional in the 10-plex mmPCR. The general Gram typing and pan-fungal primers correctly identified all bacterial and fungal isolates, respectively. The species-specific and antibiotic resistance–specific primers correctly identified the species- and resistance-carrying isolates, respectively. Low-level cross-reactive signals were present in some reactions with high signal/noise primer ratios.ConclusionWe found that mmPCR can simultaneously detect specific and general clinically relevant genetic targets in multiplex. These results serve as a proof-of-concept advance that highlights the potential of high multiplex mmPCR diagnostics in clinical practice. Further development of specimen-specific DNA extraction techniques is required for sensitivity testing.
The interpretation of zeta test results: a supplement
Authors: Rizvi Pervez 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Zeta is a mathematical method which has been used to try to solve authorship attribution problems in both the early modern and modern periods. David Hoover, one of its leading practitioners, has recently made two important claims (Hoover, Zeta revisited, Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, print publication forthcoming). Given his status as an expert on Zeta, these claims are likely to be treated by researchers as authoritative. Most Zeta graphs show a good separation between the base and counter segments. Hoover claims that this is an important finding, rather than, as Pervez Rizvi argued, a mechanical consequence of the method (Rizvi, The interpretation of zeta test results. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 34(2): 401–18). Drawing a bisector line is a common technique for interpreting a Zeta graph and, in practice, it produces the same attributions as the ones that Hoover’s less mathematical approach produces. Rizvi argued that this is an unsound technique, an argument that Hoover has now rejected. This paper elaborates Rizvi’s arguments and presents the results of new experiments to show that both of Hoover’s claims are incorrect and should not be accepted.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: the difference between ionized gas and stellar velocity dispersions
Authors: Oh Sree , Colless Matthew , D’Eugenio Francesco , Croom Scott M , Cortese Luca , Groves Brent , Kewley Lisa J , van de Sande Jesse , Zovaro Henry , Varidel Mathew R , Barsanti Stefania , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Brough Sarah , Bryant Julia J , Casura Sarah , Lawrence Jon S , Lorente Nuria P F , Medling Anne M , Owers Matt S , Yi Sukyoung K 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe investigate the mean locally measured velocity dispersions of ionized gas (σgas) and stars (σ*) for 1090 galaxies with stellar masses $\log \, (M_{\!\ast }/M_{\odot }) \ge 9.5$ from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. For star-forming galaxies, σ* tends to be larger than σgas, suggesting that stars are in general dynamically hotter than the ionized gas (asymmetric drift). The difference between σgas and σ* (Δσ) correlates with various galaxy properties. We establish that the strongest correlation of Δσ is with beam smearing, which inflates σgas more than σ*, introducing a dependence of Δσ on both the effective radius relative to the point spread function and velocity gradients. The second strongest correlation is with the contribution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) (or evolved stars) to the ionized gas emission, implying that the gas velocity dispersion is strongly affected by the power source. In contrast, using the velocity dispersion measured from integrated spectra (σap) results in less correlation between the aperture-based Δσ (Δσap) and the power source. This suggests that the AGN (or old stars) dynamically heat the gas without causing significant deviations from dynamical equilibrium. Although the variation of Δσap is much smaller than that of Δσ, a correlation between Δσap and gas velocity gradient is still detected, implying that there is a small bias in dynamical masses derived from stellar and ionized gas velocity dispersions.
A combined VANDELS and LEGA-C study: the evolution of quiescent galaxy size, stellar mass, and age from z = 0.6 to z = 1.3
Authors: Hamadouche M L , Carnall A C , McLure R J , Dunlop J S , McLeod D J , Cullen F , Begley R , Bolzonella M , Buitrago F , Castellano M , Cucciati O , Fontana A , Gargiulo A , Moresco M , Pozzetti L , Zamorani G 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the relationships between stellar mass, size, and age within the quiescent population, using two mass-complete spectroscopic samples with log10(M⋆/M⊙) &gt; 10.3, taken from VANDELS at 1.0 &lt; z &lt; 1.3, and LEGA-C at 0.6 &lt; z &lt; 0.8. Using robust Dn4000 values, we demonstrate that the well-known ‘downsizing’ signature is already in place by z ≃ 1.1, with Dn4000 increasing by ≃ 0.1 across a ≃ 1 dex mass interval for both VANDELS and LEGA-C. We then proceed to investigate the evolution of the quiescent galaxy stellar mass–size relation from z ≃ 1.1 to z ≃ 0.7. We find the median size increases by a factor of 1.9 ± 0.1 at log10(M⋆/M⊙) = 10.5, and see tentative evidence for flattening of the relation, finding slopes of α = 0.72 ± 0.06 and $\alpha =\, 0.56\pm 0.04$ for VANDELS and LEGA-C, respectively. We finally split our sample into galaxies above and below our fitted mass–size relations, to investigate how size and Dn4000 correlate. For LEGA-C, we see a clear difference, with larger galaxies found to have smaller Dn4000 at fixed stellar mass. Due to the faintness and smaller numbers of the VANDELS sample, we cannot confirm whether a similar relation exists at z ≃ 1.1. We consider whether differences in stellar age or metallicity are most likely to drive this size–Dn4000 relation, finding that any metallicity differences are unlikely to fully explain the observed offset, meaning smaller galaxies must be older than their larger counterparts. We find the observed evolution in size, mass, and Dn4000 across the ≃ 2 Gyr from z ∼ 1.1 to z ∼ 0.7 can be explained by a simple toy model in which VANDELS galaxies evolve passively whilst experiencing a series of minor mergers.
Development and validation of a deep neural network–based model to predict acute kidney injury following intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease: a multicohort analysis
Authors: Yan Ping , Duan Shao-Bin , Luo Xiao-Qin , Zhang Ning-Ya , Deng Ying-Hao 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundStratification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2] at risk for post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) following intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media (ICM) is important for clinical decision-making and clinical trial enrollment.MethodsThe derivation and internal validation cohorts originated from the Second Xiangya Hospital. The external validation cohort was generated from the Xiangya Hospital and the openly accessible database Medical Information Mart for Intensive CareIV. PC-AKI was defined based on the serum creatinine criteria of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Six feature selection methods were used to identify the most influential predictors from 79 candidate variables. Deep neural networks (DNNs) were used to establish the model and compared with logistic regression analyses. Model discrimination was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Low-risk and high-risk cutoff points were set to stratify patients.ResultsAmong 4218 encounters studied, PC-AKI occurred in 10.3, 10.4 and 11.4% of encounters in the derivation, internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. The 14 variables-based DNN model had significantly better performance than the logistic regression model with AUC being 0.939 (95% confidence interval: 0.916–0.958) and 0.940 (95% confidence interval: 0.909–0.954) in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively, and showed promising discrimination in subgroup analyses (AUC ≥ 0.800). The observed PC-AKI risks increased significantly from the low- to intermediate- to high-risk group (&lt;1.0 to &gt;50%) and the accuracy of patients not developing PC-AKI was 99% in the low-risk category in both the internal and external validation cohorts.ConclusionsA DNN model using routinely available variables can accurately discriminate the risk of PC-AKI of hospitalized CKD patients following intravenous administration of ICM.
Clinicopathological and immunological features of new onset kidney disease: a rare event after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
Authors: Zhang Yue-Miao , Liu Xing-Zi , Zhang Zhao , Zhou Tai-Cheng , Zhang Xin , Yang Hong-Yu , Tan Meng , Hu Nan , Shi Su-Fang , Wang Fang , Xu Rong , Liu Li-Jun , Wang Su-Xia , Liu Gang , Zhou Fu-De , Zhao Ming-Hui , Zhang Hong , Lv Ji-Cheng , Zhang Ya-Ping , Zhang Zi-Jie , Yang Li 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
The onset of various kidney diseases has been reported after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. However, detailed clinical and pathological features are lacking. We screened and analyzed patients with newly diagnosed kidney diseases after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Peking University First Hospital from January 2021 to August 2021, and compared them with the reported cases in the literature. We obtained samples of blood, urine and renal biopsy tissues. Clinical and laboratory information, as well as light microscopy, immunostaining and ultrastructural observations, were described. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein were stained using the immunofluorescence technique in the kidney biopsy samples. SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies were tested using magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study group included 17 patients with a range of conditions including immune-complex-mediated kidney diseases (IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and lupus nephritis), podocytopathy (minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) and others (antineutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibody-associated vasculitis, anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and thrombotic microangiopathy). Seven patients (41.18%) developed renal disease after the first dose and ten (58.82%) after the second dose. The kidney disease spectrum as well as clinicopathological features are similar across different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We found no definitive evidence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or nucleoprotein deposition in the kidney biopsy samples. Seropositive markers implicated abnormal immune responses in predisposed individuals. Treatment and follow-up (median = 86 days) showed that biopsy diagnosis informed treatment and prognosis in all patients. In conclusion, we observed various kidney diseases following SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration, which show a high consistency across different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Our findings provide evidence against direct vaccine protein deposition as the major pathomechanism, but implicate abnormal immune responses in predisposed individuals. These findings expand our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine renal safety.
Fertility Preservation Discussions Between Young Adult Rectal Cancer Survivors and Their Providers: Sex-Specific Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Stal Julia , Yi Serena Y , Cohen-Cutler Sally , Gallagher Phuong , Barzi Afsaneh , Freyer David R , Milam Joel E , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Miller Kimberly A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Young adults (YA) diagnosed with rectal cancer are disproportionately impacted by the gonadotoxic effects of treatment and potential subsequent infertility.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence of fertility preservation measures used, reasons why such measures were not used, and correlates of discussion between providers and YA rectal cancer survivors.

Design
An online, cross-sectional survey was administered on the Facebook page of a national colorectal cancer (CRC) advocacy organization. Eligible participants were rectal cancer survivors diagnosed before age 50, between 6 and 36 months from diagnosis or relapse, and based in the US.

Results
Participants were 148 rectal cancer survivors. Over half of the survivors reported that their doctor did not talk to them about potential therapy-related fertility complications. Only one-fifth of survivors banked sperm (males) or eggs/embryos (females) prior to their cancer therapy. Older age at diagnosis and greater quality of life were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of fertility discussions among males. Greater quality of life was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of fertility discussion among females.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that the majority of YA rectal cancer survivors do not receive, or cannot recall, comprehensive cancer care, and help to identify patients with rectal cancer who may be at risk for inadequate fertility counseling. Clinicians should provide proper counseling to mitigate this late effect and to ensure optimal quality of life for YA rectal cancer survivors.
The Voter ID Debate: An Analysis of Political Elite Framing in the UK Parliament
Authors: Alonso-Curbelo Ana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In 2021, the Conservative UK government announced a proposal to introduce mandatory voter identification (ID) in elections, raising concerns around how these measures might disenfranchise already marginalised groups. Using computational content analysis techniques, this study analyses all parliamentary debates to date on voter ID to understand how political elites frame these requirements. Despite voter ID being justified as necessary to tackle voter fraud when the new Elections Bill was first announced, this study instead finds both Conservative and Labour Members of Parliament agree voter fraud numbers are small. Conservatives nevertheless significantly frame voter ID as necessary to strengthen public confidence in the electoral system, which contrasts Electoral Commission’s 2021 data instead finding 90% of the public consider voting to be safe from fraud at the polling station. Overall, this study sheds light to the ‘framing contest’ and polarisation present in parliamentary debates about voter ID, an increasingly contentious issue of the proposed Elections Bill.
Assessing the benefits of green super rice in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Mozambique
Authors: Kodama Wataru , Pede Valerien O , Mishra Ashok K , Cuevas Rosa Paula O , Ndayiragije Alexis , Cabrera Ellanie R , Langa Marcos , Ali Jauhar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In Mozambique, smallholder farmers commonly grow rice under rainfed systems with limited fertilizer application; thus, productivity remains very low. Moreover, the adoption rate of improved rice varieties is as low as 3 per cent, partly because these varieties usually require an irrigated environment with the use of fertilizer. Green super rice (GSR) varieties are expected to sustain high yield potential under severe stress conditions. This article used farm-level survey data collected in Mozambique to assess the benefits of the adoption of a GSR variety (Simão) on the yield and cost efficiency of smallholder rice producers. The econometric approach involves propensity score matching and a simultaneous equation model with endogenous switching regression to account for observable and unobservable factors that affect adoption and outcome variables. The results indicate positive and significant benefits from adopting GSR on rice yield and cost efficiency for adopters. These benefits are observed not only in irrigated environments where fertilizer is applied together with some more advanced farming practices (i.e. Gaza province), but also in Nampula and Sofala provinces where farmers grow rice under rainfed conditions with no fertilizer application. Our findings suggest that GSR varieties have the potential to bring some positive changes in the development of rice production in Mozambique.
PpHYH is responsible for light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel of Prunus persica
Authors: Zhao Lei , Sun Juanli , Cai Yaming , Yang Qiurui , Zhang Yuanqiang , Ogutu Collins Otieno , Liu Jingjing , Zhao Yun , Wang Furong , He Huaping , Zheng Beibei , Han Yuepeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Peach Prunus persica is an economically important fruit tree crop worldwide. Although the external color of fruit is an important aspect of fruit quality, the mechanisms underlying its formation remain elusive in peach. Here, we report an elongated hypocotyl 5-homolog gene PpHYH involved in the regulation of anthocyanin pigmentation in peach fruit peel. Anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel is light-dependent in peach. PpHYH had no auto-activation activity and its transcription was induced by sunlight. PpHYH activated transcription of a cluster of three PpMYB10 genes in the present of a cofactor PpBBX4 encoding a B-BOX protein, leading to anthocyanin accumulation in the sun-exposed peel. However, the PpHYH activity was repressed by a negative regulator of PpCOP1 encoding constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 which accumulated in the nucleus under dark condition, resulting in failure of anthocyanin accumulation in the shaded peel. PpCOP1 was re-localized into the cytosol under light condition, in accordance with fruit peel pigmentation. Additionally, transport of anthocyanins from the cytoplasm to the vacuole was a rate-limiting step for anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit peel. Our results reveal for the first time the HYH gene involved in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in fruits, and provide target genes for genetic manipulation of fruit coloration.