bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived COVID-19 vaccine attributes associated with early adoption among adults in rural Indiana
Authors: Hunter-Mullis Kristina , Macy Jonathan T , Greene Alison , Simon Kosali 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
2019 Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination rates in the United States have plateaued in specific populations, including rural areas. To improve COVID-19 vaccination rates and to encourage early vaccine uptake in future pandemics, this study aimed to examine vaccine attributes associated with early adoption. Data are from an anonymous online survey of adults using targeted Facebook pages of rural southern Indiana towns in January and February 2021 (n = 286). The diffusion of innovation theory states that the rate of adoption of a product in a specific population is explained by five perceived attributes: relative advantage, compatibility, observability, complexity and trialability. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of Diffusion of Innovation theory attributes of the COVID-19 vaccine on early adoption. Results indicated that trialability [odds ratio (OR) = 3.307; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.964–5.571; P &lt; 0.001], relative advantage (OR = 2.890; 95% CI = 1.789–4.667; P &lt; 0.001) and compatibility (OR = 2.606; 95% CI = 1.476–4.601; P &lt; 0.001) showed significant independent associations with early adoption. Furthermore, age and political ideology were significant moderators of complexity and relative advantage, respectfully. Health education strategies for early vaccine uptake should focus on building trust in vaccine safety, increasing short-term benefits of vaccination and promoting relatability to personal values.
Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes With Tofacitinib Treatment in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in the Open-Label Extension Study, OCTAVE Open
Authors: Biedermann Luc , Dubinsky Marla C , Vermeire Séverine , Fellmann Marc , Gardiner Sean , Hur Peter , Mundayat Rajiv , Panés Julian , Rubin David T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Tofacitinib is an oral small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. We report health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis in the phase 3 open-label, long-term extension study, OCTAVE Open.

Methods
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), EuroQoL-5 Dimensions Health Questionnaire, and 36-Item Short Form Survey scores were analyzed up to month (M) 72 in 4 subpopulations: patients in remission at baseline (maintenance remitters) assigned tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily and patients not in remission at baseline (maintenance nonremitters, maintenance treatment failures, and induction nonresponders [IndNRs]) assigned tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily in OCTAVE Open. Data were analyzed overall and stratified by corticosteroid use at baseline, prior tumor necrosis factor inhibitor failure, and prior immunosuppressant failure.

Results
Among maintenance remitters and nonremitters, HRQoL outcomes were maintained up to M72: 80.0% and 100.0% of patients had an IBDQ total score ≥170, respectively. At baseline, 7.4% of maintenance treatment failures had an IBDQ total score ≥170, and this increased to 54.3% and 75.0% at M2 and M72, respectively. Corresponding values for IndNRs were 22.6%, 51.0%, and 86.0%. HRQoL outcomes were independent of treatment history. Among patients not in remission at baseline, improvement in EuroQoL-5 Dimensions Health Questionnaire and 36-Item Short Form Survey scores was maintained or achieved by M2, and steady to M72 or M33, with maintenance treatment failures and IndNR subpopulations undergoing the biggest improvements from baseline.

Conclusions
A continued favorable impact on HRQoL was revealed with long-term tofacitinib treatment in OCTAVE Open, regardless of baseline remission status or treatment history. (ClinicalTrials.gov; number: NCT01470612).
In silico analysis of metabolic effects of bipolar disorder on prefrontal cortex identified altered GABA, glutamate-glutamine cycle, energy metabolism and amino acid synthesis pathways
Authors: Karakurt Hamza Umut , Pir Pınar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BP) is a lifelong psychiatric condition, which often disrupts the daily life of the patients. It is characterized by unstable and periodic mood changes, which cause patients to display unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, concentration and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. BP is a major psychiatric condition, and it is still undertreated. The causes and neural mechanisms of bipolar disorder are unclear, and diagnosis is still mostly based on psychiatric examination, furthermore the unstable character of the disorder makes diagnosis challenging. Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease may improve the diagnosis and treatment rates. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and transcriptome profiles of patients were studied along with signalling pathways that are thought to be associated with bipolar disorder. Here, we present a computational approach that uses publicly available transcriptome data from bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls. Along with statistical analyses, data are integrated with a genome-scale metabolic model and protein–protein interaction network. Healthy individuals and bipolar disorder patients are compared based on their metabolic profiles.
We hypothesize that energy metabolism alterations in bipolar disorder relate to perturbations in amino-acid metabolism and neuron-astrocyte exchange reactions. Due to changes in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitters and their secretion from neurons and metabolic exchange pathways between neurons and astrocytes such as the glutamine-glutamate cycle are also altered. Changes in negatively charged (−1) KIV and KMV molecules are also observed, and it indicates that charge balance in the brain is highly altered in bipolar disorder. Due to this fact, we also hypothesize that positively charged lithium ions may stabilize the disturbed charge balance in neurons in addition to its effects on neurotransmission. To the best of our knowledge, our approach is unique as it is the first study using genome-scale metabolic models in neuropsychiatric research.
Effects of mat feeding on the growth performance, removal, and mortality of pigs after weaning
Authors: Wensley Madie R , Potter Megan L , Tokach Mike D , Woodworth Jason C , Goodband Robert D , DeRouchey Joel M , Gebhardt Jordan T , Menegat Mariana B , Allerson Matt W 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFour experiments were conducted to determine the effect of mat feeding strategy on the growth performance, removal, and mortality of pigs after weaning. In exp. 1, 1,392 weanling pigs (initially 7.0 kg; approximately 24 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 mat feeding treatments (mat feed vs. no mat feed). Overall, mat fed pigs had a tendency for improved ADG (P = 0.065) and G:F (P = 0.060) compared to pigs not offered mat feed. Mat fed pigs had fewer removals (P = 0.013) compared to pigs not offered mat feed. In exp. 2, 2,912 weanling pigs (initially 5.5 kg; approximately 21 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 mat feeding treatments (mat feed vs. no mat feed). Overall, no differences in growth performance were observed. However, mat fed pigs had decreased (P &lt; 0.026) final body weights compared to pigs not offered mat feed. This may be related to removal rates as mat fed pigs had fewer removals (P = 0.026). In exp. 3, 3,264 weanling pigs (initially 5.5 kg; approximately 21 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of diet form (pellet or crumble) and mat feeding (mat feed vs. no mat feed). No interactions between diet form and mat feeding were observed. No differences were observed in overall growth performance for the main effect of mat feeding. Pigs offered pelleted feed had decreased overall ADFI (feed disappearance from the feeder and feed placed on the mat; P = 0.013) and improved G:F (P &lt; 0.001) compared to pigs offered crumble feed. No differences were observed in removals or mortalities for the main effect of mat feeding or diet form. In exp. 4, 3,227 weanling pigs (initially 5.1 kg; approximately 21 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 treatments consisting of mat feeding small (3.2 mm) pellets, mat feeding large (12.7 mm) pellets, or no mat feeding. Overall, no differences were observed in ADG or G:F. Mat fed pigs had increased ADFI (P &lt; 0.001) compared to pigs not offered mat feed. Given the shorter duration of this experiment, the extra feed provided with mat feeding had a greater impact on overall feed usage than exp. 1, 2, and 3. No differences were observed in removals or mortalities. When combining the removal and mortality data for the four experiments, mat fed pigs had fewer removals (P = 0.002) compared to pigs not offered mat feed. In summary, mat feeding may encourage earlier feeding behavior, therefore reducing the removal rate of pigs post-weaning.
In vitro genotoxicity assessment of French fries from mass catering companies: a preliminary study
Authors: Sanz-Serrano Julen , Garayoa Roncesvalles , Vitas Ana Isabel , López de Cerain Adela , Azqueta Amaya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is generally assumed that French fries are likely to have weak in vitro mutagenic activity, but most studies thereof have only assessed gene mutations. In this article, the genotoxicity of 10 extracts of French fries was assessed using the in vitro micronucleus test (following the principles of the OECD 487 guidelines). Each sample was obtained from a different mass catering company in Navarra (Spain). This assay, together with the Ames test, is recommended in the basic in vitro phase included in the European Food Safety Authority Opinion on Genotoxicity Testing Strategies Applicable to Food and Feed Safety Assessment. Eight of 10 samples from mass catering companies induced chromosomal aberrations in the in vitro micronucleus test. Moreover, French fries deep-fried in the laboratory for different periods of time (0, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 min) were assessed using the in vitro micronucleus test. Genotoxicity was observed in all time periods from 3 min on. The biological relevance of these results must be further explored.
Clozapine Therapy and COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Prevalence Rates, Health Outcomes, Hematological Markers, and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Giles Grace , Varghese Sunny , Shymko Gordon , Nguyen Thinh , Waters Flavie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background/Objectives
There have been concerns that clozapine treatment may undermine the capacity of the body to fight infection and increase the vulnerability to contracting COVID-19. This review of recent cohort studies investigated (1) whether people with a severe psychiatric disorder are at increased risk of COVID-19 and complications, (2) the immunological response of clozapine-users who contract COVID-19, and (3) patients’ perspectives on COVID-19 and the pandemic response.

Methods
A systematic search of EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, and PsycINFO databases using PRISMA guidelines using “COVID-19”, “clozapine”, and “vaccination” terms.

Results
18 studies (out of 330 identified) met all criteria (N = 119 054 including 8045 on clozapine). There was no strong evidence that clozapine users may be at increased risk of contracting COVID-19 or developing complications after adjusting for medical comorbidities. Hematological studies showed temporary reductions in neutrophils in COVID-19-positive patients and vaccination suggesting a clozapine effect in defence against infection. Vaccination studies did not report major adverse effects. Increased plasma levels of clozapine and neutropenia however point to COVID-19-related interference of clozapine metabolism. Patient surveys reported limited impact on mental health and positive attitudes regarding pandemic response.

Conclusion
This review did not find compelling evidence that the immune system of clozapine users put them at risk of COVID-19 and further complications. Evidence of drug–infection interactions however points to the importance of adhering to consensus guidelines about clozapine therapy during the pandemic. More evidence using longitudinal designs is required to examine the longer-term effects of COVID-19 and vaccination in this vulnerable population.
Diagnostic Value of 18F-FACBC PET/MRI in Brain Metastases
Authors: Øen Silje Kjærnes , Johannessen Knut , Pedersen Lars Kjelsberg , Berntsen Erik Magnus , Totland Jon Andre , Johansen Håkon , Bogsrud Trond Velde , Solheim Tora S. , Karlberg Anna , Eikenes Live 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The study aims to evaluate whether combined 18F-FACBC PET/MRI could provide additional diagnostic information compared with MRI alone in brain metastases.

Patients and Methods
Eighteen patients with newly diagnosed or suspected recurrence of brain metastases received dynamic 18F-FACBC PET/MRI. Lesion detection was evaluated on PET and MRI scans in 2 groups depending on prior stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS group) or not (no-SRS group). SUVs, time-activity curves, and volumetric analyses of the lesions were performed.

Results
In the no-SRS group, 29/29 brain lesions were defined as “MRI positive.” With PET, 19/29 lesions were detected and had high tumor-to-background ratios (TBRs) (Dmax MR, ≥7 mm; SUVmax, 1.2–8.4; TBR, 3.9–25.9), whereas 10/29 lesions were undetected (Dmax MR, ≤8 mm; SUVmax, 0.3–1.2; TBR, 1.0–2.7). In the SRS group, 4/6 lesions were defined as “MRI positive,” whereas 2/6 lesions were defined as “MRI negative” indicative of radiation necrosis. All 6 lesions were detected with PET (Dmax MR, ≥15 mm; SUVmax, 1.4–4.2; TBR, 3.6–12.6). PET volumes correlated and were comparable in size with contrast-enhanced MRI volumes but were only partially congruent (mean DSC, 0.66). All time-activity curves had an early peak, followed by a plateau or a decreasing slope.

Conclusions

18F-FACBC PET demonstrated uptake in brain metastases from cancer of different origins (lung, gastrointestinal tract, breast, thyroid, and malignant melanoma). However, 18F-FACBC PET/MRI did not improve detection of brain metastases compared with MRI but might detect tumor tissue beyond contrast enhancement on MRI. 18F-FACBC PET should be further evaluated in recurrent brain metastases.
Umbilical Endometriosis Mimicking Malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Deng Yujiao , Xie Hongjun , He Limeng , Ding Zhiling , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Umbilical endometriosis is a rare event. A 44-year-old woman complained of a palpable abdominal mass with bloody secretion and chronic abdominal pain for 2 months. 18F-FDG PET/CT images demonstrated multiple foci of increased tracer uptake indicating malignant tumor with metastases in the region of umbilicus and lower segment of the esophagus. Unexpectedly, the subsequent histology and immunohistochemistry of the umbilical lesion demonstrated endometriosis.
Socially Integrated Polysubstance (SIP) system: an open-source solution for continuous monitoring of polysubstance fluid intake in group housed mice
Authors: Wong Katrina , Wang Ziheng Christina , Patarino Makenzie , Baskin Britahny , Lee Suhjung Janet , Schindler Abigail G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite impressive results from neuroscience research using rodent models, there is a paucity of successful translation from preclinical findings to effective pharmacological interventions for treatment of substance use disorder (SUD) in humans. One potential reason for lack of translation from animal models is difficulty in accurately replicating the lived experience of people who use drugs. Aspects of substance use in humans that are often not modeled in animal research include but are not limited to 1) voluntary timing and frequency of substance intake, 2) social environment during substance use, and 3) access to multiple substances and multiple concentrations of each substance. Critically, existing commercial equipment that allows for social housing and voluntary polysubstance use (e.g., home cage monitoring system) is prohibitively expensive and no open-source solutions exist. With these goals in mind, here we detail development of the Socially Integrated Polysubstance (SIP) system, an open-source and lower cost solution that allows for group housed rodents to self-administer multiple substances with continuous monitoring and measurement. In our current setup, each SIP cage contains four drinking stations, and each station is equipped with a RFID sensor and sipper tube connected to a unique fluid reservoir. Using this system, we can track which animal (implanted with unique RFID transponder) visits which drinking location and the amount they drink during each visit (in 20 ul increments). Using four flavors of Kool-Aid, here we demonstrate that the SIP system is reliable and accurate with high temporal resolution for long term monitoring of substance intake and behavior tracking in a social environment. The SIP cage system is a first step towards designing an accessible and flexible rodent model of substance use that more closely resembles the experience of people who use drugs.
A Natural Language Processing Pipeline to Study Disparities in Cannabis Use and Documentation Among Children and Young Adults A Survey of 21 Years of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Tavabi Nazgol , Raza Marium , Singh Mallika , Golchin Shahriar , Singh Harsev , Hogue Grant D. , Kiapour Ata M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe legalizations of medical and recreational cannabis have generated a great deal of interest in studying the health impacts of cannabis products. Despite increases in cannabis use, its documentation during clinical visits is not yet mainstream. This lack of information hampers efforts to study cannabis effects on health outcomes. A clear and in-depth understanding of current trends in cannabis use documentation is necessary to develop proper guidelines to screen and document cannabis use. Here we have developed and used a hierarchical natural language processing pipeline (AUROC=0.94) to evaluate the trends and disparities in cannabis documentation on more than 23 million notes from a large cohort of 370,087 patients seen in a high-volume multi-site pediatric and young adult clinic over a period of 21 years. Our findings show a very low but growing rate of cannabis use documentation (<2%) in electronic health records with significant demographic and socioeconomic disparities in both documentation and use, which requires further attention.
Exome-wide analysis reveals role ofLRP1and additional novel loci in cognition
Authors: Chakraborty Shreya , Kahali Bratati 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCognitive functioning is heritable, with metabolic risk factors known to accelerate ageassociated cognitive decline. Identifying genetic underpinnings of cognition is thus crucial.Here, we undertake single-variant and gene-based association analyses upon six neurocognitive phenotypes across six cognition domains in whole-exome sequencing data from 157,160 individuals in the UK Biobank to expound the genetic architecture of human cognition. We further identify genetic variants interacting withAPOE, a significant genetic risk factor for cognitive decline, while controlling for lipid and glycemic risks, towards influencing cognition. Additionally, considering lipid and glycemic traits, we conduct bivariate analysis to underscore pleiotropic effects and also highlight suggestive mediation effects of metabolic risks on cognition.We report 18 independent novel loci associated with five cognitive domains while controlling forAPOEisoform-carrier status and metabolic risk factors. Our novel variants are mostly in genes which could also impact cognition via their functions on synaptic plasticity and connectivity, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation. Variants in or near these identified loci show genetic links to cognitive functioning in association withAPOE, Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia phenotypes and brain morphology phenotypes, and are also eQTLs significantly controlling expression of their corresponding genes in various regions of the brain. We further report four novel pairwise interactions between exome-wide significant loci andAPOEvariants influencing episodic memory, and simple processing speed while accounting for serum lipid and serum glycemic traits. We obtain bothAPOC1andLRP1as significantly associated with complex processing speed and visual attention in our gene-based analysis. They also exhibit significant interaction effect withAPOEvariants in influencing visual attention. We find that variants inAPOC1andLRP1act as significant eQTLs for regulating their expression in basal ganglia and cerebellar hemispheres, crucial to visual attention. Taken together, our findings suggest thatAPOC1andLRP1have plausible roles along pathways of amyloid-β, lipid and/or glucose metabolism in affecting visual attention and complex processing speed. Interestingly, variants inMTFR1L, PPFIA1, PCDHB16, ATP2A1show evidence of pleiotropy and mediation effects through serum glucose/HDL levels affecting four different cognition domains.This is the first report from large-scale exome-wide study with evidence underscoring the effect ofLRP1on cognition. Our research highlights a novel set of loci that augments our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of cognition during ageing, considering cooccurring metabolic conditions that can confer genetic risk to cognitive decline in addition toAPOE, which can aid in finding causal determinants of cognitive decline.
Resting-state functional connectivity predictors of subjective visual Gestalt experience
Authors: Wilding Marilena , Ischebeck Anja , Zaretskaya Natalia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSubjective perceptual experience is influenced not only by bottom-up sensory information and experience-based top-down processes, but also by an individual’s current brain state. Specifically, a previous study found increased prestimulus insula and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) activity before participants perceived an illusory Gestalt (global) compared to the non-illusory (local) interpretation in a bistable stimulus. This study provided only a snapshot of the prestimulus brain state that favors an illusory interpretation. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that the neural machinery that biases perception towards the illusory interpretation immediately before the stimulus onset, is also predictive of an individual’s general tendency to perceive it, which remains stable over time. We examined individual differences in task-free functional connectivity of insula and IPS and related it to differences in the individuals’ duration of the two interpretations. We found stronger connectivity of the IPS with areas of the default mode and visual networks to predict shorter local perceptual phases, i.e., a faster switch to an illusory percept, but no equivalent results for the insula. Our findings suggest a crucial role of an IPS interaction with nodes of key intrinsic networks in forming a perceptual tendency towards illusory Gestalt perception.