bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of mitochondrial alterations in Aicardi-Goutières patients mutated in RNASEH2A and RNASEH2B genes
Authors: Dragoni Francesca , Garau Jessica , Sproviero Daisy , Orcesi Simona , Varesio Costanza , De Siervi Silvia , Gagliardi Stella , Cereda Cristina , Pansarasa Orietta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAicardi-Goutières Syndrome (AGS) is a rare encephalopathy characterized by neurological and immunological features. Mitochondrial dysfunctions may lead to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release and consequent immune system activation. We investigated the role of mitochondria and mtDNA in AGS pathogenesis by studying patients mutated in RNASEH2B and RNASEH2A genes.MethodsLymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from RNASEH2A and RNASEH2B mutated patients and healthy control were used. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and flow cytometry were used to assess morphological alterations, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential variations. Seahorse Analyzer was used to investigate metabolic alterations and mtDNA oxidation and VDAC1 oligomerization were assessed by immunofluorescence. Western Blot and RT-qPCR were used to quantify mtTFA protein and mtDNA release. ResultsMorphological alterations of mitochondria were observed in both mutated LCLs and loss of physiological membrane potential was mainly identified in RNASEH2A LCLs. ROS production and 8-oxoGuanine levels were increased in RNASEH2B LCLs. Also VDAC1 signal was increased, suggesting a mitochondrial pore formation possibly determining mtDNA release. Indeed, higher cytoplasmic mtDNA levels were found in RNASEH2B LCLs. Metabolic alterations confirmed mitochondrial damage in both LCLs. ConclusionData highlighted mitochondrial alterations in AGS patients’ LCLs suggesting a pivotal role in AGS pathogenesis.
Photothermal Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Coated With Turmeric Extract
Authors: Alvarado-Noguez Margarita Lizeth , Matías-Reyes Ana Eunice , Cruz-Burelo Hugo Arturo De La , Domínguez-Pacheco Flavio Arturo , Cruz-Orea Alfredo , Santoyo-Salazar Jaime , Hernández-Aguilar Claudia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) below 30 nm are considered addressable magnetic cores which can be stimulated by an external AC magnetic field. In this study, MNPs were covered directly with Curcuma longa extract from a modified coprecipitation route as an organic base. The particle size distribution ranging from 9 to 18 nm according to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Two main particle size populations were found associated with particle aggregation in the samples. In addition, their thermal features were determined using photothermal techniques to obtain their thermal diffusivity, effusivity, conductivity, and heat capacity per unit volume. The thermal diffusivity and effusivity values of the MNPs were obtained using a thermal wave resonator cavity (TWRC) and inverse photopyroelectric (IPPE) photothermal techniques, respectively. The obtained thermal parameters were similar to the water thermal values because the MNPs were measured in aqueous solutions. The main goal of this study was to define the thermal response, by obtaining the thermal characterization, of MNPs in suspensions related to superparamagnetic cores and Curcuma longa coatings.
Castleman disease with plasmacytoma transformation: a case report
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Jigang , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that shares similar symptoms, signs, and pathological features with malignant lymphoma. Diagnosis of CD primarily depends on pathological examinations, and CD can be histopathologically classified into hyaline vascular, plasma cell, or mixed types. The hyaline vascular type of unicentric CD is the most common, accounting for 80%-90% of cases.[3] Treatment of Castleman's disease includes surgical resection, simple chemotherapy, surgery combined with chemotherapy, or chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, etc. Case Presentation : Here, we report the case of a 68-year-old man with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy who was pathologically diagnosed with multicentric Castleman disease(mixed type) with plasmacytoma. He underwent a bilateral cervical lymphadenectomy, which resulted in a promising prognosis. Conclusions: Castleman disease with plasmacytoma occurs only rarely, and its pathological features are very special. To date, it has been rarely reported worldwide, and its clinical characteristics are still unclear.
Effects of low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes on nonresponse rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with invasive breast cancer
Authors: Qian Xiao-Long , Xia Xiao-Qing , Li Ya-Qing , Jia Yu-Mian , Sun Yuan-Yuan , Song Yuan-Ming , Xue Hui-Qin , Hao Yan-Fei , Wang Jin , Wang Xiao-Zi , Liu Chen-Ying , Zhang Xin-Min , Zhang Li-Na , Guo Xiao-Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: High level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can predict the rate of total pathological complete remission (tpCR) of breast cancer patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). This study focused on evaluating the data of patients whose primary tumor and/or lymph node metastasis show nonresponse (NR) to NACT, trying to provide a basis for the clinical decision which patients will develop NACT resistance. Methods: The study included breast cancers from 991 patients who received NACT. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of TILs for tpCR and NR in breast cancer with different molecular subtypes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association of various factors, particularly the TILs, with the possibility of tpCR and NR. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between TILs and routine pathological indices.Results: ROC curve analysis confirmed that TILs showed significant predictive value for NR of HR + HER2 - and TNBC. When TILs at a cutoff of 10% and 17.5%, the sum of sensitivity and specificity reaches the maximum in HR + HER2- and TNBC respectively. Among HR+HER2− breast cancer, TILs≥ 10% was an independent predictor for low NR rate. Furthermore, positive correlation of TILs with Ki67 index and Miller-Payne grade, and negative correlation with ER and PR H-scores were only identified in this subgroup. In TNBC, TILs ≥17.5% was an independent predictor for low NR rate. Conclusions: The predictive value of low TILs on NR may facilitate to screen patients with HR+HER2- or TNBC who may not benefit from NACT. The study is also suggestive that patients with HR+HER2− cancer with low TILs infiltration may benefit more from other neoadjuvant regimes such as endocrine therapy. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
A multiscale modelling framework to study the interdependence of brain, behavior and pandemic
Authors: Kumar Spandan , Sharma Bhanu , Singh Vikram 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A major constraint of the behavioral epidemiological models is the underlying assumption that human behavior is static, however, it is known to be highly dynamic, especially in changing and vulnerable situations during a pandemic. To incorporate the dynamicity of human nature in the existing epidemiological models, in this work, we propose a population-wide multi-time-scale theoretical framework that assimilates neuronal plasticity as the basis of altering human emotions and behavior. For that, variable connection weights between different brain regions and their firing frequencies are coupled with a compartmental SIR model to estimate the contact rate. As an illustration, a model of fear conditioning in conjunction with awareness campaigns is developed and simulated. Results indicate that in the presence of fear conditioning there exists an optimum duration of daily broadcast time during which awareness campaigns are most effective in mitigating the pandemic. Further, global sensitivity analysis using the Morris method highlighted that learning rate and firing frequency of the unconditioned circuit are the key regulators in modulating the emergent pandemic waves. The present study makes a case for incorporating neuronal dynamics as a basis of behavioral immune response and has further implications in designing future awareness campaigns.
MRSA increases risk of epiphyseal acute osteomyelitis in children: a case-control study
Authors: jia haiting , sun lihua , Wang Chunhua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To explore clinical characteristics of epiphyseal acute osteomyelitis in children by comparing with metaphyseal acute osteomyelitis.Methods: A retrospective single-center case-control study of children with acute osteomyelitis of long bone, with positive pus culture, between November 2017 and January 2021 was performed. Medical records, laboratory results, and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were reviewed. According to infection location on MRI, observation group comprised patients with epiphysis involvement, and patients with metaphysis involvement constituted control group. All patients were treated with antibiotics combined with fenestration of metaphyseal cortex. Body temperature, inflammatory index, pus culture, number of operations, length of stay, and complications were compared.Results: Forty-three patients were included, 12 in observation group and 31 in control group. Maximum body temperature (39.59±0.67℃ vs. 39.11±0.73℃, p>0.05), leukocyte (16.37±5.50×109/L vs. 18.99±5.57×109/L, p>0.05), neutrophil (10.99±4.39×109/L vs. 12.28±4.02×109/L, p>0.05), C-reactive protein (116.45±66.02mg/L vs. 93.05±60.29 mg/L, p>0.05), ESR (76.17±28.26mm/h vs. 61.48±24.43mg/L, p>0.05), number of operations (3.25±1.71 vs. 2.77±0.76, p>0.05), and length of stay (33.25±8.24 days vs. 32.10±9.24 days, p>0.05) were with no statistical differences. The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) positive proportion of pus culture in observation group was 50.0% compared with 16.1% in control group (6/12 vs. 5/31, p<0.05). No complication occurred in observation group, while one patient developed knee joint contracture in control group.Conclusions: In pus culture-positive acute osteomyelitis of long bone in children, no significant difference in clinical features between epiphysis and metaphysis involvement. MRSA increased risk of epiphyseal acute osteomyelitis in children.
RepSox and Mesenchymal stem cells - conditional medium ameliorate synergistically EMT by further inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in NRK-52E fibrosis
Authors: Zeng Lianlin , Liu Xia , Li Tao , Zhang Wei , Li Wenying , Wu Peichen , Lv Yangping , Zhou Zhengli , Wu Chunling , Chen Bo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
TGF-β1 has been recognized as the core driver of renal fibrosis and involved in the pathophysiological process from chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RepSox is an effective and selective inhibitor of TGFβR-1/ALK5. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proved to have significant anti-fibrotic effects in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to explore whether RepSox and MSCs could synergistically inhibit the classical TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and ameliorate epithelial-interstitial transdifferentiation (EMT).
Methods
NRK-52E was divided into nine groups, including normal group, DMSO group, RepSox group, TGF-β1 + RepSox group, TGF-β1 + RepSox + MSCs-conditional medium (MSCs-cm) group, TGF-β1 group, TGF-β1 + MSCs-cm group, MSCs-cm group, and RepSox + MSCs-cm group. RepSox was added 2 h before modeling until the fibrosis model was established with TGF-β1 treatment for 48 h, and the followed by MSCs-cm treatment for 48 h. The remaining groups performed the synchronization. EMT and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot.
Results
TGF-β1 increased significantly the expressions of α-SMA, fibronectin (FN), collagen type I, TGF-β1, KIM-1, Snail, and the ratios of TIMP1/MMP9 and p-Smad2/3/Smad2/3, and obviously reduced E-Cadherin expression. TGF-β1 + RepSox group, TGF-β1 + MSCs-cm group, and RepSox + TGF-β1 + MSCs-cm all inhibited ECM, Snail, KIM-1, TGF-β/Smad pathway, and up-regulated E-cadherin expression. However, the anti-fibrotic effect of RepSox + TGF-β1 + MSCS-cm was more effective than other groups.
Conclusion
RepSox and MSCs-cm could synergistically ameliorate EMT by further inhibiting classic TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in NRK-52E fibrosis.
Reciprocal Facilitation Between Mental And Visuomotor Rotations
Authors: Guo Jianfei , Song Joo-Hyun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Humans exhibit remarkably complex cognitive abilities and adaptive behavior in daily life. Cognitive operation in the "mental workspace," such as mentally rotating an additional piece of luggage to fit into fixed trunk space, helps us maintain and manipulate information moment-to-moment basis. Skill acquisition in the "sensorimotor workspace," such as learning a new mapping between the magnitude of new vehicle movement and wheel turn, allows us to adjust our behavior to changing environmental or internal demands to maintain appropriate motor performance. While this cognitive and sensorimotor synergy is at the root of adaptive behavior in the real world, their interplay has been understudied due to a divide-and-conquer approach. We evaluated whether a separate domain-specific or common domain-general operation drives mental and sensorimotor rotational transformations. We observed that participants performed visual mental rotation faster after the visuomotor rotation training, and their learning rate for visuomotor adaptation improved after their mental rotation training. Such bidirectional transfer achieved through the two widely different tasks demonstrated remarkable reciprocal plasticity and supported a common transformation mechanism between two intertwined workspaces. It also urges the necessity of an explicitly integrated approach to enhance our understanding of the dynamic interdependence between cognitive and sensorimotor mechanisms.
Intracardiac paraganglioma with cough as the first symptom: a case report
Authors: cao jingyi , Yang Fan , Yang Qingqing , Cai Chengliang , Xue Qing , Lu Fanglin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Cardiac paraganglioma is clinically rare, and its main symptoms are hypertension and metabolic changes. According to the medical history and clinical manifestations, combined with routine laboratory examinations and imaging examinations, the diagnosis can be made, and pathological examination is required for the final diagnosis.Case presentation The authors present a 31-year-old male patient with a left atrial mass. The initial symptom was cough. Cardiac enlargement was found during the chest X-ray. The follow-up imaging examination showed that the left atrial occupying, and the possibility of malignant occupying was not ruled out. The patient underwent surgical resection of the mass. The final pathological result showed paraganglioma. Thoracic CT review two months after the operation showed that the original occupying had disappeared and no new occupying was found.Conclusions Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are a kind of neuroendocrine tumors. PPGL can cause secondary hypertension, and lead to a series of clinical syndromes, including myocardial injury, metabolic changes, and so on. The tumor should be surgically removed as soon as possible after the diagnosis. However, squeezing the tumor during the operation can lead to the release of catecholamine, which may cause a hypertensive crisis, arrhythmia, and moderate stroke. Due to the drastic reduction of catecholamine after the operation, it may cause peripheral vasodilation, leading to persistent hypotension and even death. Therefore, multidisciplinary cooperation before, during, and after the operation is extremely important.
Protective and risk factors of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes: a cross- sectional analysis of baseline data from the PR-IAH study
Authors: Sakane Naoki , Kato Ken , Hata Sonyun , Nishimura Erika , Araki Rika , Kouyama Kunichi , Hatao Masako , Matoba Yuka , Matsushita Yuichi , Domichi Masayuki , Suganuma Akiko , Sakane Seiko , Murata Takashi , Wu Fei Ling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with mortality and morbidity, especially when awareness of hypoglycemia is impaired. This study aimed to investigate the protective and risk factors for impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in adults with T1D.
Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 288 adults with T1D (mean age, 50.4 ± 14.6 years; male, 36.5%; diabetes duration, 17.6 ± 11.2 years; mean HbA1c level, 7.7 ± 0.9%), who were divided into IAH and non-IAH (control) groups. A survey was conducted to assess hypoglycemia awareness using the Clarke questionnaire. Diabetes histories, complications, fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes distress, hypoglycemia problem-solving abilities, and treatment data were collected.
Results
The prevalence of IAH was 19.1%. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy was associated with an increased risk of IAH (odds ratio [OR] 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–5.91; P = 0.014), while treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and hypoglycemia problem-solving perception scores were associated with a decreased risk of IAH (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.22–0.96; P = 0.030; and OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.37–0.78; P = 0.001, respectively). There was no difference in continuous glucose monitoring use between the groups.
Conclusions
We identified protective factors in addition to risk factors for IAH in adults with T1D. This information may help manage problematic hypoglycemia.
Trial registration:
University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center: UMIN000039475)、Approval date 13 February 2020
Lower HLA-G levels in Extravillous Trophoblasts of Human Term Placenta in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus than in normal controls
Authors: Knabl Julia , Hüttenbrenner Rebecca , Mahner Sven , Kainer Franz , Desoye Gernot , Jeschke Udo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The non-classical HLA (human leucocyte antigen) class I molecule HLA-G is widely known to play a major role in feto-maternal tolerance. We tested the hypothesis that HLA-G expression is altered in placentas of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a specific pattern depending on fetal sex.HLA-G expression was analysed in a total of eighty placentas (40 GDM/ 40 controls) by immunohistochemistry using the semi-quantitative immunoreactive score (IRS). Double-immunofluorescence staining identified the cells expressing HLA-G in the decidua and to evaluate the expression pattern. We found a significant (p<0.001) reduction of HLA-G expression in extravillous cytotrophoblasts in GDM as compared to controls. We could demonstrate that this downregulation is not due to a loss of cell number, but to a loss of expression intensity. We found a special change in cell pattern in extravillous trophoblastic cells: They show an obvious rarefication on HLAG expression on EVT cell surface. No significant differences according to fetal sex were found.These data show that GDM alters HLA-G expression in EVT cells and provide new insights in altered placental function in diabetic placenta.
Examining bidirectional associations between perceived social support and psychological symptoms in the context of stressful event exposure: A prospective, longitudinal study
Authors: Thomas Sarah , Kanske Philipp , Schäfer Judith , Hummel Katrin Veronika , Trautmann Sebastian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAfter stressful event exposure, higher perceived social support is a well-established correlate of decreased risk for psychological symptoms, including depressive, anxiety and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. However, longitudinal data on the direction of this association and the stability of perceived social support are scarce and have yielded mixed results, with a particular lack of prospective studies. We aimed to investigate changes in perceived social support and bidirectional associations between perceived social support and psychological symptoms in a prospective, longitudinal study.MethodsA sample of German soldiers was assessed before and after deployment to Afghanistan. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to investigate the stability of perceived social support and to identify possible distinguishable trajectories of perceived social support. Bidirectional associations between perceived social support (general and workplace) and psychological symptoms (depressive, anxiety and PTS) were examined using gamma regressions.ResultsAverage levels of perceived general social support did not change, while perceived workplace social support increased slightly (t(344) = 5.51, p < .001). There were no distinguishable trajectories of perceived social support. Higher perceived general (Mean ratio (MR) = 0.84, 95% CI = [0.74, 0.95]) and workplace social support (MR = 0.82, 95% CI = [0.72, 0.92]) predicted lower depressive symptoms, but not anxiety or PTS symptoms. Only higher PTS (MR = 0.95, 95% CI = [0.91, 0.99]) and higher depressive symptoms (MR = 0.96, 95% CI = [0.93, 0.99]) predicted lower perceived general social support.ConclusionsPerceived social support can remain relatively stable under exposure to environmental stressors such as military deployment. Higher perceived social support could protect against depressive symptoms via a stress-buffering mechanism, while support may need to be more tailored to individual needs for a protection against PTS symptoms. Individuals with elevated depressive and PTS symptoms might have impaired abilities or opportunities to access social support after stressful event exposure. Future studies could investigate distressing social emotions and associated maladaptive social cognitions as possible mechanisms in the association between symptoms and lower perceived social support. Especially with respect to PTS symptoms, future studies could focus on conditions that enable individuals to benefit from social support.
Increased MET Copy Number and its Differing Prognostic Values in Schistosomal and Non-Schistosomal Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Pan Weiyu , Luan Lijuan , Huang Jie , Wang Weixia , Huang Sinian , Bu Dacheng , Yao Junxia , Hou Yingyong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: To compare the prognostic role regarding gene copy number alteration of MET in schistosomal colorectal cancer (SCRC) and non-schistosomal colorectal cancer (NSCRC).Methods: This retrospective study included 131 SCRC and 207 NSCRC patients, MET status was evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue microarray sections.Results: No significant differences were found in terms of clinical characteristics for SCRC patients and NSCRC patients except for age, where significantly more patients over 60 years old presented SCRC than NSCRC (P < 0.001). 10.0% of cases were MET FISH-positive (mean ≥ 3 copies/cell). MET protein expression was positive in 60.3% of cases, but was not associated with MET FISH-positive (P = 0.574). All patients were followed, and the median time was 51.3 months (range, 1.0 – 134.4 months). The prognostic significance of MET FISH-positive was different between SCRC and NSCRC. In SCRC, patients that were MET FISH-positive had significantly shorter survival compared to those that were MET FISH-negative (P = 0.014). In NSCRC, the overall survival shows a slight trend toward favorable prognosis in association with MET FISH-positive for stage I-II patients (P = 0.138), yet MET FISH-positive were significantly correlated to adverse survival for stage III-IV patients (P = 0.015). Conclusions: Increased MET copy number acts as a negative prognostic factor for SCRC, which has bidirectional prognostic significance in NSCRC.