bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral sympathectomy alters neuroinflammatory responses and microglial activity in response to sleep fragmentation in female mice
Authors: Mishra Ila , Pullum Keelee B. , Eads Kristen N. , Strunjas Anna R. , Ashley Noah T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sleep loss, either induced by obstructive sleep apnea or other forms of sleep dysfunction, induces an inflammatory response, as commonly measured by increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Increased catecholamines from sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation regulates this peripheral inflammation. However, the role that catecholamines play in mediating neuroinflammation from sleep perturbations is undescribed. The aims of this study were to determine (i) the effect of peripheral SNS inhibition upon neuroinflammatory responses to sleep fragmentation (SF) and (ii) whether homeostasis can be restored after 1 week of recovery sleep. We measured gene expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activity in brain (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus) of female mice that were subjected to acute SF for 24 hours, chronic SF for 8 weeks, or 7 days of recovery after chronic SF. In each experiment, SF and control mice were peripherally sympathectomized with 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine) or injected with vehicle. SF elevated cytokine mRNA expression in brain and increased microglial density and cell area in some regions. In addition, chronic SF promoted hyper-ramification in resting microglia upon exposure to chronic, but not acute, SF. Effects of chronic SF were more pronounced than acute SF, and 1 week of recovery was not sufficient to alleviate neuroinflammation. Importantly, 6-OHDA treatment significantly alleviated SF-induced inflammation and microglial responses. This study provides evidence of SNS regulation of neural inflammation from SF, suggesting a potential role for therapeutics that could mitigate neuroinflammatory responses to sleep dysfunction.
Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and care responses among mothers of preterm infants at one month of corrected age after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Wang Qihui , Gao Wenying , Ding Wenwen , Zhang Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide problem that can cause changes in emotions of mothers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms on maternal care responses to preterm infants, and whether there is a mediation effect of maternal distress between preterm clinical status and maternal care responses. Methods: This hospital-based longitudinal cohort study included 256 mother-preterm infants who came to the outpatient clinic for a follow-up check after being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit at one month of corrected age. Mothers completed the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and four sub-scales of care responses. Results: Significant post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety were observed in 29.7% and 15.6%, respectively, of mothers at one month of corrected age and at about 10.83 weeks postpartum. Path analysis results showed that the final model could be fitted well with sample data(c2=33.098, DF =20, P=0.033, CFI=0.992, NFI=0.981, RMSEA=0.051, SRMR= 0.029). Path analysis showed that care responses were directly and indirectly affected by preterm infants’ clinical status, maternal post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. Gestational age significantly influenced maternal care responses. Conclusion: This study identified maternal anxiety and PTSD symptoms may significant effects on maternal care responses to preterm infants at one month of corrected age. To promote the development of preterm infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit, multiple disciplinary interventions should be developed to improve maternal care responses.
Opposite trends of sea-breeze speeds and gusts in Eastern Spain, 1961-2019
Authors: Bedoya-Valestt Shalenys , Azorin-Molina Cesar , Gimeno Luis , Guijarro Jose A. , Sanchez-Morcillo Victor J. , Aguilar Enric , Brunet Manola 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most studies on wind variability have deepen into the stilling vs. reversal phenomena at global to regional scales, while the long-term changes in local-scale winds such as sea-breezes (SB) represent a gap of knowledge in climate research. The state-of-the-art of the wind variability studies suggests a hypothetical reinforcement of SB at coastal stations. We first developed a robust automated method for the identification of SB days. Then, by using homogenized wind observations from 16 stations across Eastern Spain, we identified 9,312 episodes for analyzing the multidecadal variability and trends in SB speeds, gusts and occurrence for 1961-2019. The major finding is the opposite trends and decoupled variability of SB speeds and gusts: the SB speeds declined significantly in all seasons (except for winter), and the SB gusts strengthened at the annual scale and in autumn-winter, being most significant in autumn. Our results also show that the SB occurrence has increased across most of Eastern Spain, although presenting contrasting seasonal trends: positive in winter and negative in summer. We found that more frequent anticyclonic conditions, NAOI+ and MOI+ are positively linked to the increased winter occurrence; however, the causes behind the opposite trends in SB speeds and gusts remain unclear. The SB changes are complex to explain, involving both large-scale circulation and physical-local factors that challenge the understanding of the opposite trends. Further investigation is needed to assess whether these trends are a widespread phenomenon, while climate models could simulate the drivers behind these decoupled SB changes in a warmer climate.
Molecular Basis of Mutual Benefits Between Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus (CCYV) Transmission and Imidacloprid Resistance in Bemisia Tabaci”
Authors: Yan Minghui , He Haifang , Zhang Zelong , Zhang Beibei , Zhu Chaoqiang , Yan Weili , Zhao Chenchen , Li Jingjing , Yan Fengming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Increased insecticide resistance among insect vectors and arboviruses results in significant economic losses to agricultural production and poses a continuous threat to human health. To date, many studies have been conducted on how virus-infected host plants indirectly and plant virus directly change the physiological characteristics of insect vectors. However, the relationship between the insecticide resistance of the insect vector and the virulence of the viral pathogen has not received sufficient attention. Here, we investigated the effect of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), a plant virus transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semi-persistent manner, on the tolerance of B. tabaci to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid. We found CCYV enhanced the tolerance of B. tabaci to imidacloprid. The CYP6CM1 gene was significantly up-regulated in viruliferous susceptible B. tabaci compared with non-viruliferous B. tabaci after an acquisition access period of 10 d, including its upstream regulators. Silencing the CYP6CM1 gene by RNA interference reduced the ability of B. tabaci to acquire CCYV compared with the control. Additionally, imidacloprid-resistant B. tabaci outperformed sensitive adults in terms of virus transmission ability. These results suggest that CCYV enhances the ability of imidacloprid-sensitive B. tabaci to resist adverse external factors (insecticides). In turn, B. tabaci resistance affects virus transmission. Thus, to a certain extent, the plant virus and insect vector establish a mutually beneficial relationship that facilitates virus transmission.
Interlayer electron coupling pathway driven electrochemiluminescence in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks
Authors: Hou Hanlin , Wang Yunlei , Luo Rengan , Wang Yufei , Zhu Da , Zhou Jun , Wu Xiaojun , Ju Huangxian , Lei Jianping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The annihilation reaction between anionic and cationic radicals of the emitters is the determining step to produce electrochemiluminescence (ECL). However, the charge transfer process in the annihilation reaction has not been fully studied. Herein, benefiting from the densely-stacked structure, the hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) as efficient ECL emitters are designed to amplify the ECL signal through interlayer electron coupling (ILEC) pathway. Due to the electron accumulations between the adjacent interlayer benzenes, the 1,3,6,8-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)pyrene-based HOF-101 exhibited the strong ILEC effect with 3.61 cm2 V-1 s-1 electron mobility. Significantly, the expanded aromatic HOF-101 demonstrates a 440-fold enhancement in ECL intensity compared with 1,3,6,8-tetracarboxypyrene-based HOF-100 due to the ultrafast excited carrier dynamics and high ILEC energy, which is rationalized by density functional theory and the Hall effect. Furthermore, the reduced ECL efficiency of Mg-based organic frameworks with antiparallel stacked morphology confirms that the ILEC process is a determining step during the generation of ECL. In addition, the unique properties of HOFs enable in situ self-repairing ECL capability. HOFs as ideal ECL emitters provide a tunable interlayer charge transfer pathway to decode the fundamentals of ECL.
Assessment of the Analytic and Hydrologic Methods in Separation of Watershed Responses to Climate and Land Use Changes
Authors: Mikaeili Omidreza , Shourian Mojtaba 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Climate change and human activities are two major drivers that alter hydrological cycle processes and cause changes in spatio-temporal distribution of water availability. Streamflow as the most important component of hydrologic cycle is expected to be influenced by climate change as well as human activities. Three methods of hydrological sensitivity, slope change ratio of cumulative quantity and hydrologic modeling by SWAT are investigated and compared for separating the impact of climate change and human activities on the Minab River flow in south of Iran. Also, nine scenarios are defined for development of agricultural land and urbanization to evaluate the effect of climate change and human activities within the SWAT model. Mann-Kendall and Pettitt tests are used to analyze the trends and the change point in the climatic data time series. Results show that the share of human activities and climate change are close in three methods. Scenario H9 that includes the development of agricultural land and urbanization by 30% compared to the present situation reduced the streamflow by 88.8% that is the highest reduction among the scenarios. Also, the results indicate that human activities are the main reason for streamflow reduction in the Minab River.
Improving the mechanical properties, roughness, thermal stability, and contact angle of the acrylic polymer by graphene and carbon fiber doping for waterproof coatings
Authors: Hussein Seenaa Ibraheim , Abbas Tabarak M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this framework, a polymeric coating was enlarged by integrating graphene (GR) and chopped carbon fibers (CF) into the polymer mixture to be utilized for the waterproof coatings and exterior floor. The polymeric hybrid coatings were made by casting a combination of acrylic polymer, and GR, or GR-CF at room temperature. The polymer hybrids were composed of different ratios (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%) of GR or GR-5wt% CF. The morphology, thermal stability, roughness, and the contact angle of the prepared polymer hybrids were investigated. The roughness of the fabric surface was found to be greatly reduced as the weight ratio of GR or GR-5wt% CF increased. The greatest contact angle was determined to be 83.07° for samples containing 2% GR-5wt% CF, whereas the least roughness was recorded for 2% GR and equals 1.22 µm. The addition of CF to polymers hybrid increased the roughness and contact angle. Thermal stability was improved as the weight ratio of GR, and GR-5wt% CF was increased. The maximum value of the impact strength was observed for acrylic polymer containing 1% GR-5wt% CF. The hardness of Shore A was steadily increased with increasing GR or GR-5wt% CF in the hybrid’s polymer. The presence of GR or GR-CF in the formed hybrids polymers has resulted in an improvement in the mechanical properties, wettability, thermal stability, and hydrophobicity, and hence might be employed for waterproofing coatings.
Benthic foraminifera as environmental indicators in the lagoon and mangrove environments of Langkawi, Malaysia
Authors: Razak Nur Sakinah Abdul , Shaari Hasrizal , Minhat Fatin Izzati , Ariffin Effi Helmy , Shariful Fatihah , Yang Shouye , Suriadi Rokiah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The benthic foraminifera are a single cell protist that are highly abundant in marine and marginal environments. They have been successfully used in many monitoring works to elucidate the status of environmental health conditions. The present study examines the foraminiferal distribution in the surface sediments of the Sungai Kilim, within the Kilim Geoforest Park, in Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia. Information provided by benthic foraminifera were associated with geochemical properties, sediment types, and current speed data to characterise the environment. Twenty-eight genera of benthic foraminifera were identified from the surface samples. Elphidium spp. (relative abundance of 13–83%) were the most abundant species in the mangrove and lagoon environments along the Sungai Kilim. Salinity, water depth, and temperature were the important parameters that determined the foraminiferal distribution. Test abnormalities were observed in Elphidium spp. (< 10% of tests) at several stations; a higher quantity of abnormal tests (5–6%) were observed at stations with high current speeds, especially in mangrove areas. The sediment in the study areas did not show severe heavy metal contamination; therefore, the low diversity and test abnormalities were associated with natural stress from environmental conditions. This information provides a baseline for future environmental monitoring to preserve the Sungai Kilim and the Kilim Geoforest Park.
Segmentation and recognition of filed sweet pepper based on improved self-attention convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Sun Jun , Wang Simin , Yang Kaifeng , Shen Jifeng , Zhou Xin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Automatic and accurate recognition of the parts to be picked is the key to realize the intelligent picking of sweet pepper. However, pepper fruits are always covered by other organs, and small objects like stems and shoots are difficult to be recognized by machines or cameras under certain extreme conditions. To accurately segment and recognize all kinds of objects in sweet pepper images captured at night, three experiments were performed in this paper, and an enhanced model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was eventually achieved. In experiment I, several semantic segmentation networks were trained on a small dataset, and the full-resolution residual network (FRRN) was taken as a primary network. Then, the impact of resolution of input images on the segmentation effect was investigated in experiment II. In order to strengthen the feature presentation of inconspicuous objects, the position attention module (PAM) was appended on top of the FRRN in experiment III. This architecture was further trained to provide more precise segmentation results. The experimental result shows that the mean intersection over union (IoU) is 78.88%, which is at least 1.94 percentage points higher than other models, and the mean pixel accuracy (PA) is 97.94% on the test set. The proposed method has higher generalization performance when facing unforeseen picking situations, meanwhile it is generic and can be applied to other fruits and vegetables.
Vaccine effectiveness against infection and COVID-19-associated hospitalisation with the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant after vaccination with the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine: A nationwide Danish cohort study
Authors: Hansen Christian , Schelde Astrid , Moustsen-Helm Ida , Embor Hanne-Dorthe , Eriksen Rasmus , Stegger Marc , Krause Tyra , Mølbak Kåre , Valentiner-Branth Palle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Limited evidence exists on the level and longevity of protection afforded by current COVID-19 vaccines against infection and hospitalisation with the Omicron variant.
SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing rates in Denmark are exceptionally high. In this nationwide cohort analysis, from December 28, 2021 to February 15, 2022 during which Omicron was the predominant variant, PCR testing data are combined with other national register data with near-complete information on all vaccinations, hospitalisations and comorbidities in the population. Trends over time in vaccine effectiveness after two and three doses with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) are estimated using Cox regression. Despite relatively poor protection against infection (symptomatic or asymptomatic), vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-associated hospitalisation was high after the third dose declining from 88.8% (95% CI: 87.3 to 90.1%) to 79.0% (76.5 to 81.3%) for BNT162b2 and 90.2% (87.3 to 92.5%) to 83.6% (77.7 to 88.0%) for mRNA-1273 over the first four months after vaccination.
Integrated 16S rRNA and metabolomics investigation of the hepatoprotective effects of Ixeris chinensis on high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice
Authors: Jin Wenjie , Fu Minghai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ixeris chinensis (Thunb.) Nakai (IC) is traditionally used in Mongolian medicine prescriptions for liver diseases. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective mechanism of IC on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice by the integration of gut microbiota and metabolomics analysis. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with chow or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without IC supplementation, and the gut microbial and metabolite profiles were studied by 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, respectively. The results showed that the administration of IC resulted in significant decreases in body weight, liver index, serum biomarkers such as ALT, TG, and LDL-C, and the liver inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in mice fed with HFD. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that administration of the IC extract altered both the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota, thus leading to improvement of NAFLD. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of liver samples detected a total of 212 metabolites, of which 29 were differentially expressed. IC was found to significantly alter the levels of metabolites such as L-glutamic acid, pyridoxal, ornithine, L-aspartic acid, D-proline, and N4-acetylaminobutanal involved in the regulation of glutamine and glutamate, Vitamin B6 metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism pathways. Correlation analysis indicated that the effects of the IC extract on metabolites were associated with alterations in the abundance of Akkermansiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Muribaculaceae. Our study revealed that IC has a potential hepatoprotective effect in NAFLD and that its function is linked to improvements in the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites.
Flux Decline and Fouling Analysis in Reverse Osmosis of Watermelon Juice
Authors: Lai Quoc Dat , Doan Ngoc Thuc Trinh , Nguyen Hoang Dung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the concentration of watermelon juice by HR98PP membrane was investigated at 30 and 40 bar of operating pressure. The semi-empirical model of permeate flux was determined. The predominant fouling mechanism in the concentration was found to be complete blocking by Hermia’s model. Recovery yield and content of total solid, lycopene and antioxidant capacity in concentrate was analyzed. Results indicated that, concentration of watermelon juice by HR98PP at 40 bar exhibited the higher effectiveness than that at 30 bar. At 40 bar and 2.25 of CF, contents of total sugar (TS), lycopene and antioxidant capacity in concentrate were 171.31 g/L, 83.9 mg/L and 124.74 mg TEAC/L, respectively. Recovery yields of TS, lycopene and antioxidant capacity in concentrate were 98.67. 90.03 and 82.39%, respectively. Maximum CF value of concentration at 40 bar of operating pressure was 2.64. The mathematical model was built for estimation of the change in the contents of lycopene and TS versus time. Maximum theoretical content of lycopene and TS at 40 bar were estimated as 185 mg/L and 341 g/L, respectively. The cleaning procedure with NaOH solution at pH10 could fully recovery permeate flux after the concentration. Results imply that, concentration of watermelon juice by HR98PP was feasible.
Rapid and Multifaceted Characterization of the Effects of the Secreted EVome in Pancreatic Cancer: A Global Omics Approach for Screening Putative Biomarkers
Authors: Jacob Harrys Kishore Charles , Signorelli Rossana , Richard John Lalith Charles , Kashuv Tyler , Lavania Shweta , Middleton Ashley , Gomez Beatriz Aguilar , Ferrantella Anthony , Amirian Haleh , Tao Junyi , Ergonul Aysha Burcu , Boone Melinda Minucci , Hadisurya Marco , Tao Weiguo Andy , Iluik Anton , Garcia-Buitrago Monica , Dawra Rajinder , Saluja Ashok Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to detect early and most patients die from complications arising due to distant organ metastases. The lack of bona fide biomarkers is one of the primary reasons for the late diagnosis of this cancer. Most researchers have focused on screening strategies to characterize biomarkers that show promise in preclinical models but eventually fail in a clinical scenario. Pancreatic cancer is a multifactorial disease and warrants a multi-omics approach to identify novel biomarkers for early diagnosis. Methods: In order to characterize the proteome, Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from different in vitro conditions mimicking interactions between pancreatic cancer epithelial and stromal cells were isolated and subjected to high throughput mass spectrometry. Biological activity of the secreted EVome was analyzed by investigating changes in distant organ metastases and early changes in the microbiome. Putative biomarkers were selected and validated using a mouse-human hybrid TMA that was specifically generated for this study. As potential targets, immunohistochemical analysis of protein candidates (Kif5b, Sfpr2, Loxl2, and Mmp3) was performed on the TMA to assess their potential as candidates for early discovery of pancreatic cancer. Results: The EVome of epithelial and stromal cells co-cultured with each other is distinctly different from individual cells with distinct protein compositions. While these proteomes could not induce significant changes in Pre-Metastatic Niche (PMN) modulation and distant organ metastases, they did induce significant early changes in the microbiome, as indicated by changes in the α and β-diversities in experimental animal models. Novel biomarkers validated in this study, such as Kif5b and Sfrp2 show promise for early detection and investigation of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: Multi-omics analyses of EVs from mimicking conditions of tumor stromal interactions resulted in the identification of Kif5b and Sfrp2 as bona fide biomarkers with biological activity which could prove to be immensely helpful in improving early detection and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.