bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Engagement Strategies on Employee Retention in Nigeria
Authors: Arubayi Olusoji Damaro 
Published: October 2022

This study seeks to assess the influence of engagement strategies on employee retention in Nigeria. Three (3) engagement strategies (meritocracy, employer branding, and succession planning) were assessed on employee retention. The descriptive survey design and primary data (questionnaires) were employed. The questionnaire was administered to 300 employees of oil and gas firms and data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive (mean) and inferential (Spearman Rank Correlation) statistical tools. Findings showed that the meritocracy strategy is the most ranked factor influencing employee retention; this implies that employees in the organization are rewarded on the basis of their contributions and value to the firm, which in turn influences their decision to stay with the organization. More so, while meritocracy is ranked the most significant factor affecting employee retention, it was found that engagement strategies (like employer branding and succession planning) significantly influence employee retention. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended that organizations can adopt meritocracy, employer branding, and succession planning as engagement strategies. For the sake of lucidity, management must communicate their succession planning to the employees and must constantly reward employees on the basis of their contributions to the firm.
Investigation of The Chemical Reactions of 2, 4, 6-Trinitrophenol with Thiocyanate Ion in Acidic Condition: Kinetic Approach
Authors: Umoru Patricia Ese , Al Amin Haruna Muhammad , Sahabi Yusuf , Babatunde Oluwayemisi Abiodun 
Published: October 2022

The rate and overall observed chemical change of the redox reaction between 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (TNP) and thiocyanate ion (SCN–) was investigated under a constant concentration of ionic strength, [????!] and λmax = 360 nm using a spectrophotometric titration method. The research aim is to study stoichiometry, order of reaction, the influence of acid, and the effect of change in ionic concentration on the reaction speed. The stoichiometry discovered gave a 1:2 molar proportion of TNP against SCN–. The reaction is 1st - order in relation to TNP and 1st – order in relation to SCN– hence, a 2nd -order overall for the system. An acid-dependence rate constant on TNP was positive for the TNP – SCN– system. A positive salt effect was observed in the system. An increase in the concentration of added cations and anions (Mn2+, NO3− and PO43−) had no influence on the speed of the reaction. The spectroscopic and kinetic results did not show any intermediate complex emergence all through the reaction. On grounds of the experimental results attained, a presumptive mechanism in favor of an outer-sphere mechanism has been recommended.
Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Croton Bonplandianum Baill
Authors: Singha Rishov , Pattanayak Suman , Kanthal Lakshmi Kanta , Jana Souranava , Bera Asim , Dhang Analabha , Hazra Riya , Pal Shreya 
Published: October 2022

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituent and anthelmintic activity of methanolic extract of whole parts of Croton bonplandianum Baill. The various concentration i.e. 100%, 50%, and 25% of methanolic extract of the whole part of Croton bonplandianum Baill were tested for bioassay which determined the time of paralysis (P) the time of death (D) of Pheretima posthuma. Albendazole was used as a standard drug and the normal saline solution was used as controlled. The three different concentrations of plant extract i.e. 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 100 mg/ml showed paralysis time 21±1 min, 17±1 min, and 13±2min respectively, and showed death time 51±2 min, 47±1 min, and 41±1 min respectively. Albendazole as a standard drug, in three different concentrations i.e. 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 100 mg/ml showed paralysis times 16±1 min, 10±2 min, and 7±2 min respectively, and showed death times 31±2 min, 22±2 min, and 18±3 min respectively. From the result, it is concluded that the methanolic extract of Croton bonplandianum Baill has significant Anthelmintic activity.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Clinical Dental Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Menakaya Ifeoma Nkiruka , Abah Aderonke , Agboghoroma Gloria Okeoghenemaro , Menakaya Nnamdi Chuks 
Published: October 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound effects on oral healthcare services globally.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of COVID -19 pandemic lockdown on clinical dental practice in Nigeria and discuss how adverse impact could be mitigated.

Methods: A cross-sectional self-administered pre-tested questionnaire-based survey of consenting dental practitioners from different States and geopolitical zones in Nigeria was employed for the study. Study participants were recruited by non-random convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results: A total of 105 out of 142 respondents completed and returned the survey questionnaire giving a response rate of 74%. While only about 47% of respondents in public sector practice had their clinics shut down, all the respondents in private sector practice (100%) had their clinics closed down during the pandemic lockdown and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). Majority of respondents in private sector practice (65.4%) experienced income loss compared to 24.1% of respondents in public sector practice and this difference was also statistically significant (p=0.000).

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with government instituted lockdown periods with attendant scaling down or outright closure of dental clinical practices in Nigeria. The private sector practice bore the brunt of the adverse impacts of the pandemic lockdown in terms practice shutdowns and attendant economic losses. The adverse impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on clinical dental practice could be mitigated by the incorporation of teledentistry into routine dental practice.
Effectiveness of Regional Government Expenditure in Reducing Unemployment and Poverty Rate
Authors: Akhmad Akhmad , Amir Amir , Saleh Syafiuddin , Abidin Zainal 
Published: October 2022

Poverty rate in Indonesia is currently relatively high that requires real action from the government to reduce it. The government efforts to reduce the poverty rate are reflected in the government expenditure. This research reveals the regional government expenditure effectiveness in reducing poverty and unemployment rate in South Sulawesi Province. Data used in the research are panel data, which is a combination of cross-section data of 24 regencies and city and time series data in 2009-2018. The data will be analyzed using econometric models with simultaneous equation system. The research finds that private investment has a significant influence in reducing poverty rate, whereas capital expenditure has a significant influence in increasing private investment. Moreover, investment has a significant influence in improving gross regional domestic product in industrial sector as well as other sectors. Population has a positive influence in improving poverty rate indicating that regional government should support the planned family policy. The result of policy simulation indicates that an increase in capital expenditure, total government expenditure, and goods and services expenditure by the regional government, brings positive impact on economic growth and poverty reduction.
Design and Implementation of In-Vehicle Alcohol Detection and Speed Control System
Authors: Okengwu Ugochi A. , Taiwo Aminat A. 
Published: October 2022

This study presented an effective method for reducing the rise in the number of road accidents instigated by drivers' excessive alcohol consumption on Nigerian roadways. Although speed restrictions and other preventative measures have been introduced, traffic accidents continue to occur daily. Over speeding, rash driving and drunk driving are all major contributors to motor vehicle accidents. To introduce this concept, this study has built an IOT-based in-vehicle alcohol detection and speed control system using the Arduino Nano microcontroller connected to the alcohol sensor, LCD display, and DC motor with the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Application and Blynk Cloud Server for remote control and monitoring. This system uses the MQ-3 sensor to continuously monitor the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and detect the presence of alcohol during breathing. This system can continuously monitor the alcohol content of the driver's breathing by installing a sensor in the steering wheel. This device was capable of detecting excessive speed and was programmed to alert with an SMS. After testing, it was determined that the suggested system met the standards for starting a car's engine. If the driver's breath alcohol level is discovered to be greater than the prescribed level (BAC) of 0.5 mg/mL, relevant individuals and authorities will be notified through GSM. The experimental results indicate that the alcohol sensor can respond rapidly when alcohol is detected and also operate for an extended period.
Epidemiology of Poor Glycaemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Terengganu State of Malaysia
Authors: Awang Hafizuddin , Muda Rohayaty , Rusli Norliza , Abd Rahman Mohd Anuar , Embong Kasemani 
Published: October 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most common non-communicable diseases worldwide and Malaysia. Poor glycaemic control among T2DM patients lead to serious life-long complications. Therefore, it is imperative to study the prevalence of poor glycaemic control and its risk factors to facilitate public health physicians and clinicians in developing the best strategies to optimize glycaemic control among T2DM patients.

Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study between groups of good glycaemic control and poor glycaemic control was conducted among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who fulfilled study criteria in Terengganu state of Malaysia. Eligible samples in the National Diabetes Registry registered from 1st January 2021 until 31st December 2021 were included into the study. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regressions were employed for data analysis.

Result: A total of 17,165 samples were recruited in the descriptive part of the study. The prevalence of patients with poor glycaemic control in Terengganu state was 65.3% (95% CI: 0.62, 0.67). In the inferential part of the study, a total 3,700 samples were randomly selected. Multivariable analysis using multiple logistic regression revealed age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, cigarette smoking, presence of retinopathy and presence of hypertension were the significant factors associated with poor glycaemic control among T2DM patients in Terengganu state with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 0.95 (95%CI:0.94, 0.96); p<0.001), AOR 1.15 (95%CI:1.13, 1.17; p<0.001), AOR 1.03 (95%CI:1.01, 1.04; p<0.001), AOR 1.45 (95%CI:1.01, 2.10; p=0.047), AOR 1.32 (95%CI:1.01, 1.73; p=0.043) and AOR 1.39 (95%CI:1.16, 1.67; p<0.001) respectively.

Conclusion: Strategies focusing on the identified risk factors may improve diabetes mellitus management and avert life-long diabetic complications.
Applicability analysis of attention U-Nets over vanilla variants for automated ship detection
Authors: Gajjar Pranshav , Garg Manav , Shah Vatsal , Shah Pooja , Das Anup 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accurate and efficient detection of ships from aerial images is an intriguing and difficult task of extreme societal importance due to their implication and association with maritime infractions, and other suspicious actions. Having an automated system with the required capabilities indicates a substantial reduction in the related man-hours of characterization and the overall underlying processes. With the advent of various image processing techniques and advancements in the field of machine learning and deep learning, specialized methodologies can be created for the said task. An intuition for the enhancement of existing methodologies would be a study on attention-based cognition and the development of improved neural architectures with the available attention modules. This paper offers a novel study and empirical analysis of the utility of various attention modules with U-Net and other subsidiary architectures as a backbone for the task of computationally efficient and accurate ship detection. The best performing models are depicted and explained thoroughly, while considering their temporal performance.
جهود الشيخ محمد أمين الكوردي الأربلي في التفسير الصوفي من خلال كتابه " تنوير القلوب في معاملة علام الغيوب"
Authors: Jamil Izzedine H. , Mohamed Shoukat Z. , Abdullah Abdul Qahar S. 
Published: October 2022

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيِّدِ الأنبياء والمرسلين وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين وبعد:
فإنَّ التاريخ الإسلامي قد حظيَ بكثير من العلماء الذين برزوا من كردستان حيث أنهم بيَّنوا للناس ما نزِّل إليهم، فعلموا كتاب الله تعالى، وفسَّروا ألفاظه، وكتب التراجم والطبقات مليئةٌ بأسماء أولئك الأعلام، ومن هنا أردنا أنْ نبيِّن جهود عالم كوردي ألا وهو "الشيخ محمد أمين الكوردي الأربلي" من خلال كتابه "تنوير القلوب في معاملة علام الغيوب".
وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث أن تشتمل على مقدمة وثلاثة مباحث وخاتمة، تحدَّثنا في المبحث الأول: عن حياته الشخصية من حيث اسمه، ونسبه، وبلدته، وصفاته وأخلاقه، ونشأته ورحلاته في طلب العلم وشيوخه وتلاميذه ومذهبه ومؤلفاته، أما المبحث الثاني فقد تطرَّقنا فيه عن جهوده في التفسير الصوفي من خلال كتابه " تنوير القلوب في معاملة علام الغيوب" حيث تحدَّثنا فيه عن تعريف التصوف وموضوعه وثمرته وفضله وواضعه وأصول التصوف، وعن التوبة وفضل الأولياء وثبوت كراماتهم، أما المبحث الثالث فكان خاصاً لبيان التخلية من الأوصاف الذميمة والتحلية بالأوصاف الحميدة، وبيان معنى النفس والتوكل والأخلاق والذكر.
ANALISIS PENAMBAHAN BORE PILE PADA PIER JEMBATAN AKIBAT TIDAK TERCAPAINYA KAPASITAS DAYA DUKUNG TIANG HASIL PDA TEST STUDI KASUS JEMBATAN SANJOYO RUAS TOL SEMARANG – SOLO
Authors: Hartopo Hartopo , Apriyanto Totok 
Published: October 2022

<p class="IsiAbstrakIndo">Kapasitas daya dukung tiang bor dari hasil PDA test yang lebih kecil dari kapasitas daya dukung ijin tiang secara analitis diperlukan review terhadap jumlah tiang bor untuk mendapatkan kapasitas daya dukung tiang bor kelompok guna menahan beban dari struktur atas jembatan. Hasil bacaan uji PDA di P1 Jembatan Sanjoyo, nilai kapasitas daya dukung ijin (Qa) dengan SF = 2 sebesar 315,5 ton. Sementara kapasitas daya dukung ijin hasil analisis untuk tiang bor diameter 1,2m adalah sebesar 500 ton. Penelusuran terhadap penyebab tidak tercapainya kapasitas daya dukung bore pile dari uji PDA dilakukan dengan pegumpulan data terhadap jumlah jam pengeboran pada tiap-tiap titik tiang bor. Jumlah jam pengeboran ≥ 2,5 diklasifikasikan sebagai tiang bor sudah mencapai tanah keras, sedangkan jumlah jam pengeboran &lt; 2,5 jam diklasifikasikan sebagai ujung tiang bor belum mencapai tanah keras. Dari kriteria tersebut, maka terdapat 7 tiang bor yang tidak duduk di atanah keras. Berdasarkan pembebanan yang bekerja, diketahui bahwa beban yang diterima bore pile hanya sebesar 378 ton, sehingga penambahan bore pile yang direkomendasikan sejumlah 2 titik, yaitu di titik 16 dan 17 dengan kedalaman ± 11m.</p>
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Tanaman Porang (Amarphopallus ancophillus) di DAS Krueng Seulimum Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Akbar Halim 
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan klas kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman porang di DAS Krueng Seulimum Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dan untuk penilaian kesesuaian lahan dilakukan berdasarkan ktiteria fisik (Djaenudin et al., 2003). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan di DAS Krueng Seulimum terdiri dari kelas sesuai marginal (S3) dengan faktor pembatas : retensi hara (nr) yaitu kejenuhan basa dan C-organik, hara tersedia (na) yaitu hara pospor, bahaya erosi (eh) dengan faktor pembatas bahaya erosi terdapat pada SPL 2, 7, 15 dan 16 seluas 4206,99 ha, kelas sesuai marginal (S3) dengan faktor pembatas : hara tersedia (na) yaitu hara pospor, bahaya erosi (eh) dengan faktor pembatas bahaya erosi terdapat pada SPL 3, 6, 10 dan 12 seluas 7052,05 ha, dan kelas tidak sesuai (N) dengan faktor pembatas bahaya erosi (eh) yaitu lereng terdapat pada SPL 19 seluas 192,59 ha. Usaha perbaikan yang harus dilakukan pada faktor pembatas kejenuhan basa adalah dengan pengapuran, meningkatkan kandungan c-organik dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk organik dari hasil pengomposan, dan meningkatkan ketersediaan P dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian biochar (Lehmann et al., 2003). Selanjutnya usaha yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi bahaya erosi dapat dilakukan dengan pembuatan teras, penanaman berdasarkan garis kontur (countor farming) dan penanaman tanaman penutup tanah.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Bawang Merah Dan Lama Perendaman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Setek Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth)
Authors: Asmaini Asmaini , Hayati Mardhiah , Zuyasna Zuyasna 
Published: October 2022

Tanaman nilam jarang menghasilkan biji oleh karena itu persediaan bibit dapat diperoleh secara vegetatif yaitu dengan setek, dalam perbanyakan setek tanaman nilam dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan setek batang. Setek batang dapat diambil dari pohon induk yang unggul yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil setek sama dengan induknya Pertumbuhan setek dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian ekstrak bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi dan lama waktu perendaman setek dalam ekstrak bawang merah yang tepat serta terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan setek tanaman nilam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan I Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh yang berlangsung dari Oktober 2021 sampai dengan Desember 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 5×3 dengan 3 ulangan. Terdapat 2 faktor yang diteliti, faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi bawang merah terdiri dari 4 taraf (kontrol, 30%, 45%, 60% dan 75%). Faktor ke dua yaitu lama perendaman stek tanaman nilam terdiri dari 3 taraf (3, 6 dan 9 jam). Parameter yang diamati yaitu panjang tunas, jumlah tunas, jumlah daun, diameter tunas masing-masing pada umur 30, 45, 60 dan 75 Hari Setalah Tanaman (HST). Pada umur 75 HST diamati bobot basah dan kering biomassa, bobot basah dan kering akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan setek tanaman nilam terbaik dijumpai pada konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah 30% dan perendaman terbaik pada lama perendaman 3 jam. Pertumbuhan setek terbaik pada kombinasi konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah 45% dengan lama perendaman 6 jam.
UJI TOKSISITAS HASIL FRAKSINASI KOLOM KROMATOGRAFI EKSTRAK METANOL BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl)
Authors: Supardan Atep Dian 
Published: October 2022

Fruit of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) is one of the herbal medicines used against cancer in society. The aim of the research was to investigate the toxic effect of metanol extract mahkota dewa fruit fractionation against Artemia salina Leach, as the primary step test to identify an anticancer activity. Metanol extract from mahkota dewa fruit content 9.51% which secondary metabolit compound were alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, and tanin. The result showed the output metanol extract fractionation from mahkota dewa fruit produced 3 fraction which were F1, F2, and F3 and the LC50 were 761, 53, and 91 ppm. The fractions were separated by using preparative thin layer chromathography. Fraction 1 and 2 produced 7 spots, while fraction 2 produced 6 spots. The most active fraction was F17 (LC50 = 325 ppm) from F1. The identification of ultra violet and infra red Spectrophotometer showed spectrum of F1, F2, and F3 BMKD have nitrogen atom in their molecul and suggested that F1, F2, and F3 BMKD contained alkaloids.
ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini dilakukan uji toksisitas hasil fraksinasi kolom kromatografi ekstrak metanol buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) terhadap larva udang Artemia salina Leach sebagai uji pendahuluan terhadap anti kanker. Ekstrak metanol buah mahkota dewa memiliki rendemen sebesar 9.51% dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, dan tanin. Hasil fraksinasi ekstrak metanol dengan kromatografi kolom menghasilkan 3 fraksi dengan nilai LC50 masing-masing 761, 53, dan 91 ppm. Ke-3 Fraksi tersebut kemudian dipisahkan lagi menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif, menghasilkan 7 spot pada fraksi 1 dan 3 sedangkan fraksi 2 menghasilkan 6 spot. Hasil pemurnian menggunakan KLTP menunjukkan toksisitas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan fraksi kasarnya yaitu yang berasal dari fraksi 1 (F1) yaitu F17 (LC50 = 325 ppm). Identifikasi spektrofotometer ultra violet dan infra merah menunjukan bahwa F1, F2, dan F3 BMKD diduga memiliki gugus fungsi amina yang merupakan ciri khas dari alkaloid.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK TANIN ASAL CHESNUT PADA SISTEM KEKEBALAN DARAH TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Sujarnoko Tekad Urip Pambudi , Firmansyah Dudi 
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to observe effect of tannin from chestnut extract on the immune system of rats. Tannin in chestnut easily hydrolyzed into sugar and phenol groups, this is very different with largely tannin from other plants which are more condensed. The phenol group in chestnut tannins increased the rat immune, because it is capable of being an antioxidant and antibacterial in the digestive and blood metabolism of rats. In this observation used 8 male adult rats with age more than 90 days. The first treatment is rat feeder without chesnut extract and the second treatment is rat feeder with 0.25% chestnut extract from dry matter of feed. This research was being tested with independent T-test method with 4 replication. The results of the study that the addition of 0.25% chestnut extract from dry matter had no effect on consumption and increased body weight, increased cell capacity of rats p<0.05, there was an increase in active cells p<0.01, and increased bacterial mortality of Salmonella pullorum in the blood test.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengamati pengaruh pemberian tanin dari ekstrak chesnut terhadap daya tahan tubuh tikus. Tanin pada chesnut merupakan senyawa yang mudah terhidrolisis menjadi gugus gula dan fenol, hal ini sangat berbeda dengan tanin pada beberapa tumbuhan yang lebih bersifat terkondensasi. Gugus fenol pada tanin chesnut diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh tikus, karena mampu menjadi antioksidan dan antibakteri di dalam metabolisme pencernaan dan darah tikus. Pengamatan pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada 8 ekor tikus dewasa dengan umur lebih dari 90 hari yang diberi perlakuan berbeda. Perlakuan pertama adalah pemberian pakan tanpa ekstrak tanin chesnut dan perlakuan kedua adalah tikus dengan pakan yang ditambah ekstrak tanin chesnut sebanyak 0,25% dari bahan kering pakan. Rancangan analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji T independent dengan 4 ulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian penambahan 0,25% ekstrak chesnut dari bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi dan peningkatan bobot ternak, kapasitas sel tikus meningkat p<0,05, terjadi penambahan sel aktif p<0,01, dan meningkatnya kematian baketri Salmonella pullorum pada uji darah tikus yang dilakukan uji tantang.