bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury by Delivering Provider Type
Authors: Walker Taniya V , Rahman Sara , Carter-Brooks Charelle M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis: Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) complicate 5.8% of vaginal deliveries. Our objective was to assess if the primary delivering provider, nurse-midwife versus physician obstetrician, is associated with OASIs. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Consortium of Safe Labor, a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Included were nulliparous women with singleton, vaginal delivery at ³ 37 weeks from 2002-2008. Women were excluded if delivery was complicated by shoulder dystocia or from sites without midwife deliveries. Student t-tests, chi-squared analysis and Fisher’s exact test were used as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching analyses were performed. Results: Of 228,668 births at 19 sites, 2,735 births from 3 sites met inclusion criteria: 1,551 physician and 1,184 midwife births. Of all births, 4.2% (n=116) were complicated by OASIs. Physician patients were older, more often White, privately insured, with higher BMI, more medical co-morbidities, and labor inductions/augmentations. Midwife patients had higher fetal gestational age and infant birth weights (all p<.05). OASIs were more common in physician compared to midwife births (5.9% vs 2.0%, p<.0001). This difference persisted on multivariable logistic regression. OASIs were 2.4 (95%CI 1.5- 3.9) times more likely with physician delivery when controlling for maternal heart disease, episiotomy, increasing maternal age, decreasing maternal BMI, non-white race, and increasing birthweight. AUC was 0.78. With propensity score matching, OASIs remained higher amongst physicians (6.6% vs 1.8%, p<.0001; aOR 3.8 (95%CI 2.0-7.1)).Conclusion: OASIs were more common in physician compared to midwife deliveries even when controlling for other associated factors.
Rhodohalobacter sulfatireducens sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern
Authors: Wang Yu-Sheng , Yue Yu-Yan , Bai Yi-Lin , Zhang Xu-Yang , Wang Shuo , Du Zong-Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated WB101T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern located in Wendeng, PR China. Growth occurs at 25–42°C (optimum, 35–37°C), 1.0–11.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5.0–6.0%), and pH 7.0–8.5 (optimum, 7.5–8.0). Analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that WB101T shared high level of sequence similarity with Rhodohalobacter barkolensis 15182T (93.5%), Rhodohalobacter halophilus JZ3C29T (93.2%), and ‘Rhodohalobacter mucosus’ 8A47T (92.1%). Strain WB101T formed an evident species-level clade within the genus Rhodohalobacter in both phylogenetic and phylogenomic topologies. The draft genome of strain WB101T is 5,104,032 bp in size, and the G + C content is 42.0 mol%. The genomic sequencing yields 138 contigs with an N50 value of 123,641 and a coverage depth of 275.0 ×. The strain encodes a complete assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway. The sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7. The dominant cellular fatty acid (≥ 10%) was iso-C15:0. The polar lipid profile of the novel isolate included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on its phylogenetic, physiological, and biochemical properties, strain WB101T should be classified as a novel species of the genus Rhodohalobacter, for which the name Rhodohalobacter sulfatireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WB101T (= KCTC 92204T = MCCC 1H00518T).
PTPRO knockdown protects against inflammation in hemorrhage shock-induced acute lung injury involving the NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: HUAN ZHIRONG , TANG YING , XU CE , CAI JIMIN , YAO HAO , WANG YAN , BU FANYU , GE XIN 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemorrhage shock (HS) is characterized by decreased tissue oxygenation and organ damage due to severe blood loss. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication of HS. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) is abnormally up-regulated in the rat lungs after trauma/HS.
Methods
To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of PTPRO in lung inflammation following HS, we established a rat model of HS via withdrawing blood by a catheter inserted into the femoral artery followed by resuscitation. The rats were infected with lentiviral encoding PTPRO short hairpin RNA (shRNA) by intratracheal instillation for PTPRO knockdown.
Results
PTPRO was significantly up-regulated in rat lungs after HS. PTPRO knockdown enhanced epithelial integrity and reduced capillary leakage by up-regulating tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin (OCC). Besides, decreased myeloperoxidase expression and activity in the lungs indicated that HS-induced neutrophil infiltration into the lungs was mitigated by PTPRO knockdown. Meanwhile, expression of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-2, MCP-2, and KC in the lungs or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was regressed after PTPRO knockdown. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway was related to inflammation in organ injury. PTPRO down-regulation had an inhibitory effect on the NF-κB pathway activation by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB and its translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus in HS.
Conclusion
Taken together, we demonstrated that PTPRO knockdown may contribute to attenuating inflammation in HS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation.
The activation of EP300 by F11R leads to EMT and acts as a prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers
Authors: Li Chien-Hsiu , Fang Chih-Yeu , Chan Ming-Hsien , Chen Chi-Long , Lu Pei-Jung , Ger Luo-Ping , Chang Yu-Chan , Hsiao Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A role for the JAM family in cancer progression has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, there has been no systematic study of the JAM family in specific cancers through clinical specimens, and the mechanism of the molecule is unclear, particularly in subtypes of breast cancer (BRCA). Based on an extensive analysis of the relative expression of the JAM family in cancer by pan-cancer, we found that the increase of F11R (JAM-A) is the opposite of that of JAM-2, or JAM-3, which is unique to BRCA. BRCA prognoses are related to F11R expression, including survival and recurrence-free survival. It is also noteworthy that F11 has different expression characteristics in subtypes, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis as an analytical validation, this study provides consistent results with in-silico. As a result of artificial manipulations of F11R combined with microarray-based analyses, we identified that F11R plays an important role in several aspects of cell motility signaling. An upstream regulators and correlation analysis found that EP300 transcription factors may be involved in TNBC metastasis by modulating RHOA, GSK3B, and TGFBR1 expression through F11R-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Accordingly, the findings of this study provide a comprehensive interpretation of the relationship between the clinical value of F11R in BRCA subtype progression and the mechanisms that induce metastasis. These results provide a possible target for the treatment of BRCA.
Eco-Toxic Risk Assessment of Nearshore Sediments in Bay of Bengal - Environmental Radioactivity and Ecological Risk as a Proxy
Authors: K Manikanda Bharath , Natesan Usha , Seethapathy Chandrasekaran , Seshachalam Srinivasalu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study focuses on the environmental radioactivity and multi-risk assessment of nearshore sediments as a source of marine pollution along the Bay of Bengal. The study examines the distribution of primordial radionuclides concentration using a Na(I)Tl detector-based gamma-ray spectrometer and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) through atomic adsorption analysis. Further, the data obtained and characterization radiological risks, ecological threats, and assessing the spatial distribution of toxic elements in nearshore sediments as a proxy for marine contamination. The active concentration of primordial radionuclides such as 238U, 232Th and 40K were found in ranged from ≤ 3 to 68 (11.4), ≤ 9.5 to 142.7 (41.2) and 85.2 to 603.4 (362) Bq kg-1. Results show that the concentration of the average radionuclides is less than suggested by UNSCEAR ranges. The concentration of potentially toxic elements (Fe, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) was higher in deeper water depth. This study exposes that the primary control of such elements is mud distribution. A decreasing order has been seen as follows by the ecological risk index of individual elements: Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Zn. The significant Pb, Cu and Zn concentration was polluted at most stations, possibly contributing the regional and terrestrial sources such as industrial activity, urban drainage, manufacturing, and farming. This research suggests that anthropogenic behaviours in nearby land are the source of the deposition of metals and radionuclides in coastal and marine sediments.
High efficiency and precision approach to milling stability prediction based on predictor-corrector linear multi-step method
Authors: Qin Guohua , Lou Weida , Wang Huamin , Wu Zhuxi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Regenerative chatter is the most important factor affecting the stability of the milling process. It is core for suppressing chatter and improving production efficiency to accurately and efficiently identify the stable region of milling chatter. For this reason, according to the theory of ​​predictor-corrector, a series of new judgment methods are suggested to obtain the milling stability region by respectively applying the fourth-order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton formula, the fourth-order Simpson formula, and the fourth-order Hamming formula. These presented methods are named as the linear multi-step predictor-corrector method (PCM). Firstly, when the regenerative chatter milling process is described as a second-order time-delay differential equation (DDE) with periodic coefficients which are a function of the tooth passing period, the part of forced vibration in this period is uniformly discretized as a time node set. Secondly, after the fourth-order Adams-Bashforth formula is used to predict the displacement at every time node, the fourth-order Adams-Moulton formula can be employed to correct this predicted value in addition to the fourth-order Simpson formula and the fourth-order Hamming formula. Thus, a higher precision discrete prediction-correction expansion is constructed for the inhomogeneous terms of DDE so that the state transition express can be further obtained for the milling process or milling system. And then, the Floquet theory is depended on to present the judgment criterion of milling stability that the relationship between the spectral radius of the state transition matrix and one. Finally, under the same milling process parameters, comparisons of both the stability lobe curve and the local discrete error curve show that the PCM has a faster convergence rate than first-order semi-discretization method (1st-SDM), and second-order full-discretization method (2nd-FDM). This shows that the PCM can obtain better computational accuracy under the same discrete number whereas the PCM is significantly higher computational efficiency over 1st-SDM and 2nd-FDM.
Mechanisms of thymic repair and immune reconstruction of in vitro-induced precursor T cells as a modified haplo-identical HSCT regimen
Authors: Lei Yang-yang , Wang Yi , Chen Xin-rui , Guo Mei , Yu Chang-Lin , Qiao Jian-Hui , Cai Bo , Jiang Shan , Ai Hui-Sheng , hu kaixun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Diseases relapse and severe infection caused by delayed immune reconstitution are still challenges in the haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Non-myeloablative transplant regimens also only alleviated these complications and did not solve the above problems. Among them, the thymus damage caused by preconditioning including irradiation and chemotherapy and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the primary issue. Accelerating the recovery of thymus-derived T cells after transplantation is a key to solving above problem. Methods Therefore, we established a cell culture system using Notch ligand Delta4 and IL-7 that could induce and amplify hematopoietic stem cells differentiation and proliferation into precursor T (preT) cells in vitro. Non-myeloablative HSCT protocol was modified by using induced preT and G-CSF mobilized donor splenic mononuclear cells (MNC) co-infusion. Thymic GVHD, thymic repair, thymus-derived T cell development were compared in thymus-irradiated mice treated with MNC+preT and only MNC by polychromatic immunofluorescence tracking and T cell receptor Vβ detection. Results The data showed that pre T cells highly expressed CC9 and RANKL markers restored thymic architecture, weakened GVHD effects, enhanced immuno-tolerance and accelerated immune reconstitution by activating the RANK/RANKL pathway.Conclusion The modified non-myeloablative regimen containing preT cells will be more conducive to the widespread use of haplo-HSCT in clinical work.
Asymmetries in the ENSO Phase Space
Authors: Dommenget Dietmar , Al-Ansari Maryam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics are best described by the recharge oscillator model, in which the eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures (T) and subsurface heat content (thermocline depth; h) have an out-of-phase relationship. This defines a 2dimensional phase space diagram between T and h. In an idealized, stochastically forced damped oscillator, the phase space diagram should be a perfectly symmetrical circle with a clockwise propagation over time. However, the observed phase space shows strong asymmetries. In this study we illustrate how the ENSO phase space can be used to discuss the phase-dependency of ENSO dynamics. A normalized spherical coordinate system allows the definition of phase-depending ENSO growth rates and phase transition speeds. Based on these we discuss the implications of the observed asymmetries with regards to the dynamics and predictability of ENSO; with a particular focus on the variations in the growth rate and coupling of ENSO along the oscillation cycle. Using linear and non-linear recharge oscillator models we will show how dynamics and noise are driving ENSO at different phases of the ENSO cycles. The results illustrate that the ENSO cycle with positive phase transitions is present in all phases but has strong variations in its strength. Much of these variations result from presenting the ENSO phase space with estimates of h based on the iso-thermal depth, which is not ideal as it is not out-of-phase with T . We further illustrated that a non-linear growth rate of T can explain most of the observed non-linear phase space characteristics.
The COMT Rs737865 Mediates Chemo-Brain In Breast Cancer Patients With Various Index Of Ki-67
Authors: Li Wen , Yu Sheng , Yao Senbang , Tang Lingxue , Cheng Huaidong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Anterior findings denoted that catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) have been considered as genetic risk for chemo-brain. However, the mediation of COMT polymorphism for chemo-brain in breast cancer patients with various index of ki-67 was still unknown.Objective: The current research intended to assess the genetic risk by COMT genotype for chemo-brain in breast cancer patients with various index of ki-67.Methods: Breast cancer patients (65 with ki-67<14%, 75 with ki-67>14%) fulfilled cognitive tests pre and post adjuvant chemotherapy, three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of COMT (rs165599, rs4680, rs737865) were genotyped by furnishing peripheral blood.Results: The lower cognitive of breast cancer patients were displayed in compared with those before chemotherapy. Further, the event-based prospective memory (EBPM) scores of ki-67>14% group patients were worse than those of ki-67<14% group patients after chemotherapy (z=-7.51, p<0.01), but the time-based prospective memory (TBPM) scores of two groups were no significant difference. The COMT rs737865 A/G genotype was associated with memory protective susceptibility (co-dominant model: adjusted, OR=0.135, CI95%=0.026-0.706, p =0.018), A/G genotype carriers exhibited more well on EBPM test relative to A/A genotype. Conclusion: The index of ki-67 was likely to be associated with EBPM decline in breast cancer patients. Moreover, the COMT rs737865 polymorphism was potential genetic risk of chemo-brain in breast cancer patients with various index of ki-67.
A mast cell specific receptor - Mrgprb2 knockout aggravates colitis by exacerbating immune system , mucosal barrier and gut microbiota disorders
Authors: Shao Ming , Luo Hesheng , Liu Jingwen , Yuan Fangting , Deng Yinzhi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-related disease which changes in intestinal microbiota and damage to the intestinal barrier contribute to its pathogenesis. Human mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and its mice homolog Mrgprb2 are selectively expressed on mast cells (MCs) to recruit immune cells and modulate host defense against microbial infection. To investigate the role of Mrgprb2 in UC, we compared the differences between Mrgprb2 knockout (b2 KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in the severity of clinical symptoms, inflammatory cells infiltration, degree of intestinal barrier damage, and composition of intestinal flora. The results showed that the weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon shortening, colonic pathological damage were significantly increased in b2 KO mice while MCs activation, cytokines and chemokines secretion, and inflammatory cell infiltration were decreased. In addition, the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota were reduced in b2 KO mice. B2 KO mice also exhibited the reduction of probiotics such as norank_F_Muribaculaceae and Lactobacillus and increase of harmful bacteria like Escherichia-Shigella. Intestinal mucosal barrier damage of b2 KO mice was more severe than WT mice due to the attenuated expression of mucin2(MUC2), occludin, junctional adhesion molecules (JAM)-A. These results demonstrated that Mrgprb2 may have protective effect on DSS-induced colitis by regulating intestinal flora disorder, participating in barrier repair, and recruiting inflammatory cells to eliminate pathogens.
The performance of ensemble-based free energy protocols in computing binding affinities to ROS1 kinase
Authors: Wan Shunzhou , Bhati Agastya P. , Wright David W. , Wade Alexander D. , Tresadern Gary , Vlijmen Herman , Coveney Peter V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Optimization of binding affinities for compounds to their target protein is a primary objective in drug discovery. Herein we report on a collaborative study that evaluates a set of compounds binding to ROS1 kinase. We use ESMACS (enhanced sampling of molecular dynamics with approximation of continuum solvent) and TIES (thermodynamic integration with enhanced sampling) protocols to rank the binding free energies. The predicted binding free energies from ESMACS simulations show good correlations with experimental data for subsets of the compounds. Consistent binding free energy differences are generated for TIES and ESMACS. Although an unexplained overestimation exists, we obtain excellent statistical rankings across the set of compounds from the TIES protocol, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.90 between calculated and experimental activities.
Direct Effect of Caffeine on Diaphragmatic Muscles in Preterm Babies Through Ultrasonographic Examination
Authors: Kayki Gozdem , Celik Hasan Tolga , Ayaz Ercan , Tandircioglu Umit Ayse , Oguz Berna , Yigit Sule , Yurdakok Murat 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background: Caffeine is frequently used for the treatment of apnea in preterm babies. Its mechanism of action includes not only antagonism of adenosine receptors on central nervous system but also an increase in electrical activity of the diaphragm. Caffeine’s direct effect on diaphragm was investigated via electromyography, but ultrasound has not been used to show visible changes in muscles after the treatment before. Objective: We aimed to assess the effect of caffeine on diaphragmatic function through ultrasonographic examination.Methods: Fifty-six participants receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure who were assigned caffeine with less than or equal to 32 weeks’ gestational age born were enrolled. Diaphragmatic thickness, amplitude of excursion and velocity of movement were measured by two observers before and within 5 minutes after caffeine loading dose and compared to each other. Interobserver variability was also investigated. The protocol was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04483492. Results: Right diaphragmatic thickness and diaphragmatic velocity of movement did not differ after the treatment. However, amplitude of excursion of the diaphragm was found significantly higher after caffeine loading dose (8.7 mm, 10mm, respectively, p<0.05). Interobserver variability was not detected.Conclusion: Diaphragm excursion increased after caffeine treatment in preterm babies, and this finding was supported the direct effect of the caffeine on diaphragm. The amplitude of excursion has also been suggested as a sensitive US parameter for determination of diaphragmatic function in preterm babies.
New Approach to the Applicability of DRIS in Bananas Based on the Accuracy of Nutritional Diagnoses for Nitrogen and Potassium
Authors: Villaseñor-Ortiz Diego , Prado Renato de Mello , Silva Gilmara Pereira da , Lata-Tenesaca Luis Felipe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
DRIS (Diagnosis Recommendation Integrated System) is a tool used in the interpretation of leaf analyses that values the balance of nutrients, an important fact for a better assessment of the nutritional status of banana plants. Its usefulness depends on the ability to identify the nutrients that limit productivity in order to correct possible nutritional imbalances, but there is a lack of research in all crops, including bananas, to assess the accuracy of these diagnoses, which have a worrying global implication. To this end, this study evaluates DRIS norms for banana cultivation in Ecuador and the use of accuracy measurements for nutritional diagnosis, verifying the capacity of DRIS to detect true nutritional status based on plant response. The database created here contains 233 results referring to productivity and leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cl, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, and Zn for banana trees in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Then, a field experiment evaluated doses of nitrogen and potassium and the accuracy of DRIS norms for N and K. The results show that the DRIS of banana produced in Ecuador depends on the nutrient being variable according to the crop nutritional status. The DRIS norms for diagnosis of N and K result in an acceptable accuracy to identify only deficiencies and toxicities, respectively, indicating the need for adjustments in these standards for later use in the field. Thus, there is a need for more research aiming to adopt calibrated DRIS diagnostic norms to assess the nutritional status of bananas in Ecuador.