bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical checklist adherence across urology expertise levels impacts transurethral resection of bladder tumour quality indicators
Authors: Del Giudice Francesco , D'Andrea David , Pradere Benjamin , Berndl Florian , Pallauf Maximilian , Flammia Rocco Simone , Philipp Dominik , Moschini Marco , Mari Andrea , Albisinni Simone , Krajewski Wojciech , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Gallioli Andrea , Mertens Laura S. , Marcq Gautier , Cimadamore Alessia , Afferi Luca , Gontero Paolo , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Chung Benjamin I. , Soria Francesco 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo address the association of perioperative surgical checklist across variable surgical expertise with transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) accuracy and oncological outcomes in non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.Patients and MethodsWe relied on our prospective collaborative database of patients treated with TURBT between 2012 and 2017. Surgical experience was stratified into three groups: resident vs young vs expert consultants. The association of surgical experience with detrusor muscle (DM) presence and adherence to the standardised peri‐procedural nine‐items TURBT checklist was evaluated with logistic regression models. A Cox regression model was used to investigate the association of surgical experience with recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsA total of 503 patients were available for analysis. TURBT was performed by expert consultants in 265 (52.7%) patients, by young consultants in 149 (29.6%) and by residents in 89 (17.7%). Residents were more likely to have DM in the TURBT specimen than expert consultants (odds ratio [OR] 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–2.99, P = 0.04). Conversely, no differences in DM presence were seen between young vs expert consultants (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.71–1.70, P = 0.69). The median checklist completion rate was higher for both residents and young consultants when compared to experts' counterparts (56% and 56% vs 44%, P = 0.009). When focusing on patients receiving a second‐look TURBT, the persistent disease was associated with resident status (OR 4.24, 95% CI 1.14–17.70, P = 0.037) at initial TURBT. Surgical experience was not associated with 5‐years RFS.ConclusionSurgeon's experience in the case of adequate perioperative surgical checklist implementation was inversely associated with the presence of DM in the specimen but directly linked to higher probability of persistent disease at re‐TURBT, although no 5‐year RFS differences were noted.
Small interfering RNA: Discovery, pharmacology and clinical development—An introductory review
Authors: Ranasinghe Priyanga , Addison Melisande L. , Dear James W. , Webb David J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPost‐transcriptional gene silencing targets and degrades mRNA transcripts, silencing the expression of specific genes. RNA interference technology, using synthetic structurally well‐defined short double‐stranded RNA (small interfering RNA [siRNA]), has advanced rapidly in recent years. This introductory review describes the utility of siRNA, by exploring the underpinning biology, pharmacology, recent advances and clinical developments, alongside potential limitations and ongoing challenges. Mediated by the RNA‐induced silencing complex, siRNAs bind to specific complementary mRNAs, which are subsequently degraded. siRNA therapy offers advantages over other therapeutic approaches, including ability of specifically designed siRNAs to potentially target any mRNA and improved patient adherence through infrequent administration associated with a very long duration of action. Key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic challenges include targeted administration, poor tissue penetration, nuclease inactivation, rapid renal elimination, immune activation and off‐target effects. These have been overcome by chemical modification of siRNA and/or by utilising a range of delivery systems, increasing bioavailability and stability to allow successful clinical translation. Patisiran (hereditary transthyretin‐mediated amyloidosis) was the first licensed siRNA, followed by givosiran (acute hepatic porphyria), lumasiran (primary hyperoxaluria type 1) and inclisiran (familial hypercholesterolaemia), which all use N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) linkage for effective liver‐directed delivery. Others are currently under development for indications varying from rare genetic diseases to common chronic non‐communicable diseases (hypertension, cancer). Technological advances are paving the way for broader clinical use. Ongoing challenges remain in targeting organs beyond the liver and reaching special sites (e.g., brain). By overcoming these barriers, siRNA therapy has the potential to substantially widen its therapeutic impact.
Cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor arrestin subtype‐selectivity and phosphorylation dependence
Authors: Manning Jamie J. , Rawcliffe Gabriel , Finlay David B. , Glass Michelle 
Published: October 2022

Background and purposeArrestin or G protein bias may be desirable for novel cannabinoid therapeutics. Arrestin‐2 and arrestin‐3 translocation to CB1 receptor have been suggested to mediate different functions that may be exploited with biased ligands. Here, the requirement of a recently described phosphorylation motif ‘pxxp’ (where ‘p’ denotes phosphorylatable serine or threonine and ‘x’ denotes any other amino acid) within the CB1 receptor C‐terminus for interaction with different arrestin subtypes was examined.Experimental approachSite‐directed mutagenesis was conducted to generate nine different phosphorylation‐impaired CB1 receptor C‐terminal mutants. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) was employed to measure arrestin‐2/3 translocation and G protein dissociation of a high efficacy agonist for each mutant. Immunocytochemistry was used to quantify receptor expression.Key resultsThe effects of each mutation were shared for arrestin‐2 and arrestin‐3 translocation to CB1 receptor pxxp motifs are partially required for arrestin‐2/3 translocation, but translocation was not completely inhibited until all phosphorylation sites were mutated. The rate of arrestin translocation was reduced with simultaneous mutation of S425 and S429. Desensitisation of G protein dissociation was inhibited in different mutants proportional to the extent of their respective loss of arrestin translocation.Conclusions and implicationsThese data do not support the existence of an ‘essential’ pxxp motif for arrestin translocation to CB1 receptor. These data also identify that arrestin‐2 and arrestin‐3 have equivalent phosphorylation requirements within the CB1 receptor C‐terminus, suggesting arrestin subtype‐selective biased ligands may not be viable and that different regions of the C‐terminus contribute differently to arrestin translocation.
New Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome cases are caused by the presence of a nonsense variant in compound heterozygosity with the pathogenic repeat expansion in the RFC1 gene
Authors: Arteche‐López Ana , Avila‐Fernandez Almudena , Damian Alejandra , Soengas‐Gonda Emma , de la Fuente Rubén Pérez , Gómez Patricia Ramos , Merlo Jesús Gallego , Burgos Laura Horcajada , Fernández Carlos Cemillán , Rosales Jose Miguel Lezana , Martínez Juan Francisco González , Quesada‐Espinosa Juan Francisco , Corton Marta , Guerrero‐Molina Maria Paz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe biallelic pathogenic repeat (AAGGG)400–2000 intronic expansion in the RFC1 gene has been recently described as the cause of cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) and as a major cause of late‐onset ataxia. Since then, many heterozygous carriers have been identified, with an estimated allele frequency of 0.7% to 4% in the healthy population. Here, we describe in two affected CANVAS sisters the presence of the nonsense c.724C > T p.(Arg242*) variant in compound heterozygosity with the pathogenic repeat expansion in the RFC1 gene. Further RNA analysis demonstrated a reduced expression of the p.Arg242* allele in patients confirming an efficient nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay. We also highlight the importance of considering the sequencing of the RFC1 gene for the diagnosis, especially in patients with CANVAS diagnosis carriers of the AAGGG repeat expansion.
De novo variants and recombination at 4q35: Hints for preimplantation genetic testing in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Pini Sara , Napoli Floriana Maria , Tagliafico Enrico , La Marca Antonio , Bertucci Emma , Salsi Valentina , Tupler Rossella 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) has been associated with the deletion of an integral number of 3.3 kb units of the polymorphic D4Z4 repeat array at 4q35. The prenatal identification of this defect can be carried out on chorionic villi or amniocytes, whereas preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT‐M) requires molecular markers linked to the D4Z4 allele of reduced size. In this context the reliability of this association is crucial. To test the informativeness of the nearby polymorphic markers we investigated recombination at 4q35 using the polymorphic markers D4S1523, D4S163 and D4S139 positioned at 0.55, 0.5 and 0.21 Mb proximal to the D4Z4 array respectively. We determined the probability of recombination events to occur in the D4Z4‐D4S1523 interval considering 86 subjects belonging to 12 FSHD families and found a recombination frequency of 14% between D4Z4 and D4S1523. Our study also revealed the occurrence of de novo variants and germline mosaicism. These findings highlight the recombinogenic nature of the 4q subtelomere and indicate that caution should be taken when interpreting PGT‐M results. It is advisable that a woman who underwent a PGT‐M cycle undertakes a prenatal DNA analysis to confirm the size of the D4Z4 alleles carried by the fetus.
Assessing Team Effectiveness by How Players Structure Their Search in a First‐Person Multiplayer Video Game
Authors: Nalepka Patrick , Prants Matthew , Stening Hamish , Simpson James , Kallen Rachel W. , Dras Mark , Reichle Erik D. , Hosking Simon G. , Best Christopher , Richardson Michael J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeople working as a team can achieve more than when working alone due to a team's ability to parallelize the completion of tasks. In collaborative search tasks, this necessitates the formation of effective division of labor strategies to minimize redundancies in search. For such strategies to be developed, team members need to perceive the task's relevant components and how they evolve over time, as well as an understanding of what others will do so that they can structure their own behavior to contribute to the team's goal. This study explored whether the capacity for team members to coordinate effectively can be related to how participants structure their search behaviors in an online multiplayer collaborative search task. Our results demonstrated that the structure of search behavior, quantified using detrended fluctuation analysis, was sensitive to contextual factors that limit a participant's ability to gather information. Further, increases in the persistence of movement fluctuations during search behavior were found as teams developed more effective coordinative strategies and were associated with better task performance.
Zusammenhang zwischen bullösem Pemphigoid und psychiatrischen Erkrankungen: Eine systematische Übersicht und Metaanalyse
Authors: Huang I‐Hsin , Wu Po‐Chien , Liu Che‐Wei , Huang Yu‐Chen 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleTrotz des wohlbekannten Zusammenhangs zwischen bullösem Pemphigoid (BP) und neurologischen Erkrankungen ist der Zusammenhang zwischen BP und psychiatrischen Erkrankungen nach wie vor ungeklärt. In dieser Studie war es unser Ziel, den Zusammenhang zwischen BP und verschiedenen psychischen Störungen zu untersuchen.Patienten und MethodenDie Datenbanken PubMed, Embase und Cochrane Library wurden bis zum 30. Mai 2021 hinsichtlich der Identifizierung geeigneter Kohorten‐ und Fall‐Kontroll‐Studien durchsucht. Anschließend wurden Metaanalysen der rohen Schätzwerte sowie der bereinigten Schätzwerte der Odds‐Ratio (OR) für Fall‐Kontroll‐Studien und der Hazard‐Ratio (HR) für Kohortenstudien durchgeführt.ErgebnisseEs wurden 16 Studien mit 637 285 Patienten in die qualitative Synthese eingeschlossen. In der Metaanalyse der bereinigten Schätzwerte für Fall‐Kontroll‐Studien zeigten Patienten mit BP eine signifikant höhere Prävalenz psychischer Störungen (OR 1,77, 95 %‐Konfidenzintervall (KI) 1,07–2,92) und Schizophrenie (OR 2,63, 95 %‐KI 2,03–3,39). Hinsichtlich der Analyse der bereinigten Schätzwerte für Kohortenstudien stellte BP kein signifikant höheres Risiko für Depression (HR 1,09, 95 %‐KI 0,94–1,26) und Schizophrenie (HR 1,35, 95 %‐KI 0,76–2,39) dar.SchlussfolgerungenBei psychiatrischen Erkrankungen, insbesondere Schizophrenie, besteht ein signifikant höheres Risiko, dass sie einem BP vorausgehen.
The future of AI and education: Some cautionary notes
Authors: Selwyn Neil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn light of fast‐growing popular, political and professional discourses around AI in education, this article outlines five broad areas of contention that merit closer attention in future discussion and decision‐making. These include: (1) taking care to focus on issues relating to 'actually existing' AI rather than the overselling of speculative AI technologies; (2) clearly foregrounding the limitations of AI in terms of modelling social contexts, and simulating human intelligence, reckoning, autonomy and emotions; (3) foregrounding the social harms associated with AI use; (4) acknowledging the value‐driven nature of claims around AI; and (5) paying closer attention to the environmental and ecological sustainability of continued AI development and implementation. Thus, in contrast to popular notions of AI as a neutral tool, the argument is made for engaging with the ongoing use of AI in education as a political action that has varying impacts on different groups of people in various educational contexts.
The role of additional chemotherapy prior to autologous HCT in patients with relapse/refractory DLBCL in partial remission—A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Shargian Liat , Amit Odelia , Bernstine Hanna , Gurion Ronit , Gafter‐Gvili Anat , Rozovski Uri , Pasvolsky Oren , Perets Galit , Horowitz Netanel A. , Halloun Jabour , Perry Chava , Avivi Irit , Raanani Pia , Yeshurun Moshe , Ram Ron 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the role of additional chemotherapy before autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with relapse/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who achieve partial remission following first salvage therapy.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective study of all adult patients with DLBCL who underwent HCT between 2008 and 2020 and achieved partial response (PR) after the first salvage and were either referred directly to HCT (n = 47) or received additional salvage therapy before HCT (n = 22).ResultsPost‐HCT CR rate and progression‐free survival were comparable between the two groups (66% vs. 68%, p = .86 and median not reached vs. 10.2 months [95% confidence interval, CI 7.1–12.3], p = .27, respectively). Median overall survival (OS) and estimated 3‐year OS favored patients who were directly referred to HCT (105.8 [95% CI 63–148] months vs. 14.5 [95% CI 0–44] months, p = .035, and 65% [95% CI 51%–75%] vs. 40% [95% CI 21%–53%], p = .035, respectively). In Cox regression model, while International Prognostic Index and primary refractory versus relapse disease did not impact OS, allocation to a second salvage regimen and older age were both associated with inferior survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.57 95% CI 1.1–5.8, p = .023 and HR = 1.04 95% CI 0.99–1.2, p = .064, respectively).ConclusionsReferring patients with chemotherapy‐sensitive disease in PR directly to HCT is associated with better OS compared to those receiving additional lines of treatment.
CEOs' general managerial skills and corporate risk taking subject to the moderator of CEO tenure
Authors: Leng Tiecheng , Pan Luyao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we examine the relation between chief executive officers' (CEOs') general managerial skills and firms' risk‐taking behaviour. We find that generalist CEOs are associated with significantly higher firm risk, with the association decreasing significantly with CEO tenure. We propose the following managerial skills transformation explanation: the longer a CEO stays with a firm, the less general and more firm specific the CEO's skills and knowledge become; therefore, any effect of the CEO's general managerial skills only appears in the early years of tenure.
Guilt and compensation: The interplay between maternal emotions and parent–child relationships in migrant families
Authors: Li Meng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to explore how mother–child interactions shape Chinese rural–urban migrant women's maternal guilt, and vice versa.BackgroundMigrant mothers are documented to experience intense feelings of guilt due to long‐term separation from their children. Research on maternal guilt frequently conceptualizes guilt as a negative self‐judgement of mothers without considering the bidirectional interplay between mother–child interactions and mothers' guilt feelings.MethodData were drawn from semistructured interviews with 24 Chinese rural–urban migrant mothers who voiced profound guilt for leaving their children behind. The research was carried out following a grounded theory approach.ResultsResults demonstrate left‐behind children's power to elicit, exacerbate, and alleviate their mothers' guilt, which in turn prompts migrant mothers to engage in a wide range of compensatory practices to remedy their relationships with their children.ConclusionThese interpersonal dynamics highlight the relational nature of maternal guilt; the double victimization, both by public discourses and family members, experienced by migrant mothers; and the mutual support that can be offered between mothers and children.ImplicationsMother–child interactions should be considered when studying maternal guilt. Findings from this study have important implications for policy making and interventions to support migrant families.
Right time to join? Organizational imprinting and women's careers in public service organizations
Authors: Ashworth Rachel , Krøtel Sarah Maria Lysdal , Villadsen Anders R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWomen across the economy continue to encounter difficulties in progressing their careers as occupational segregation and precarious conditions symbolized by the “glass ceiling” and “glass cliff” indicate. Theories of imprint‐organization fit indicate that organizational munificence at the time of appointment may be an important influence on individual careers. Prosperous conditions at the time of hire might generate confidence and capability, whilst scarcity may prompt resourcefulness and resilience. While these effects have been examined in small private firms, they have been relatively unexplored in the context of public service organizations. Moreover, there has been little attention to the study of organizational munificence in the context of women's careers. Drawing on the Integrated Database for Labor Market Research in Denmark, this study evaluates the impact of organizational munificence at appointment on subsequent financial career benefits for women in Danish public services. Results indicate that resource scarcity at the time of appointment is related to enhanced career outcomes, and that the influence of conditions at the outset of a woman's career is more pronounced for women with lower levels of experience and education. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Aberrant p53 expression is associated with neoplastic progression in Barrett oesophagus diagnosed as indefinite for dysplasia
Authors: Chen Xiuxu , Liu Bella Lingjia , Harpaz Noam , Zhu Hongfa , Polydorides Alexandros D. , Liu Qingqing 
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 and other potential clinical parameters as prognostic markers for predicting neoplastic progression in Barrett oesophagus (BE) patients diagnosed as indefinite for dysplasia (IND). The study included patients with established BE of any extent who had a diagnosis of IND accompanied by concurrent p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) stain at the index endoscopic procedure and at least one follow‐up examination between 2000 and 2021. Correlation between disease progression from IND to higher‐grade dysplasia [low‐grade dysplasia (LGD), high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)] and clinicopathological parameters were analysed. A total of 149 patients (99 males; mean age 63.3 ± 10.0 years, range = 35–89) were included in the final analysis. Median follow‐up was 37.1 months [interquartile range (IQR) = 20.5–59.1 months]. Progression rates from IND to LGD and HGD were 12.1% (18 of 149) and 2.7% (four of 149), respectively. On multivariate analysis, the number of IND diagnoses was significantly associated with progression to both LGD and HGD (P = 0.016 and P < 0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that aberrant p53 expression was significantly associated with progression to LGD [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.91–12.45, P = 0.001] and HGD (HR = 21.81, 95% CI = 1.88–253.70, P = 0.014). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis also demonstrated that aberrant p53 expression was significantly associated with progression to LGD (P < 0.001) and HGD (P = 0.001). Our results suggest that frequency of IND diagnoses and status of p53 expression can help to stratify risk of neoplastic progression in BE patients with IND.
Investigation of glass sintering to improve strength and interfacial interactions in glass‐to‐AISI 316L metal joints
Authors: Özdemir Yanık Melis Can , Demirel Onur , Elmadağlı Mustafa , Günay Esin , Aydın Süheyla 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe relationship between sintering and glass‐to‐metal bonding, which are almost the initial and the last stages of glass‐to‐metal seal production, has been demonstrated in this study. In this context, a type of barium alkali silicate glass was prepared, and thermal properties were determined by differential thermal analysis, dilatometer, hot‐stage microscope, and high‐temperature viscosity analysis. Detailed porosity investigations were examined with an optical microscope and ImageJ quantitative analyses, after binder removal and sintering processes carried out at different temperatures and times. An increase in porosity was observed when the sintering and binder removal temperatures and times were increased. The bending strength of the sintered glass sample was decreased with the increment in porosity. A typical housing material AISI 316L stainless steel was used for preparing glass‐to‐metal joints. The high porosity after sintering caused larger bubbles to form after bonding and reduced the shear strength. The effect of sintering conditions on the interfacial interaction for glass‐to‐metal joints are revealed by cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive spectrometer analyses. Atomic force microscopy analyses and contact angle measurements were conducted to supplement investigation. This study addressed that the mechanical strength and chemistry of glass‐to‐metal joints showed strong dependency on glass sintering conditions.