bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antivascular endothelial growth factor for macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Shanshan , Song Zhihui , Li Guangyao , Zhang Chao 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in treating macular oedema due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME).MethodsStudies of randomised controlled trials were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases and ClinicalTrials.gov registry. RevMan V.5.4 software and GRADE were used to synthesise the data and validate the evidence, respectively.ResultsSeventeen studies were included in this meta-analysis. The anti-VEGF agents showed significant better mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement, more patients with ≧15 Early Treatment in Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters gained and fewer patients with ≧15 ETDRS letters lost, more effectiveness at reducing central retinal thickness (CRT) and improving the quality of life than sham and steroids both at 6 and 12 months. Compared with laser, the anti-VEGF agents showed significant BCVA improvement and more effectiveness at CRT both at 6 and 12 months. The proportion of eyes gaining ≧15 ETDRS letters was greater in the anti-VEGF group at 6 months. The anti-VEGF and other three groups reported similar levels of non-ocular serious adverse events (SAEs). The incidence of eye pain was significantly higher in the anti-VEGF group than in the sham group. There was a significant increase in the incidence of ocular AEs and conjunctival haemorrhage in the anti-VEGF group compared with the laser group. The incidence of elevated intraocular pressure and cataract was significantly higher in the steroid group than in the anti-VEGF group.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggested that treatment of ME secondary to RVO with anti-VEGF improves visual and anatomical outcomes compared with other treatments. Thus, anti-VEGF treatment is the first choice for treating patients with ME secondary to RVO.
Examining the empirical evidence for IDEAL 2b studies: the effects of preceding prospective collaborative cohort studies on the quality and impact of subsequent randomized controlled trials of surgical innovations – protocol for a systematic review and case–control analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Mudathir , Paez Arsenio , Yu Jiajie , Vasey Baptiste , Horovitz Joel , McCulloch Peter 
Published: November 2022

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in surgery face methodological challenges, which often result in low quality or failed trials. The Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term (IDEAL) framework proposes preliminary prospective collaborative cohort studies with specific properties (IDEAL 2b studies) to increase the quality and feasibility of surgical RCTs. Little empirical evidence exists for this proposition, and specifically designed 2b studies are currently uncommon. Prospective collaborative cohort studies are, however, relatively common, and might provide similar benefits. We will, therefore, assess the association between prior ‘IDEAL 2b-like’ cohort studies and the quality and impact of surgical RCTs.We propose a systematic review using two parallel case–control analyses, with surgical RCTs as subjects and study quality and journal impact factor (IF) as the outcomes of interest. We will search for surgical RCTs published between 2015 and 2019 and and prior prospective collaborative cohort studies authored by any of the RCT investigators. RCTs will be categorized into cases or controls by (1) journal (IF ≥or <5) and (2) study quality (PEDro score ≥or < 7). The case/control OR of exposure to a prior ‘2b like’ study will be calculated independently for quality and impact. Cases will be matched 1: 1 with controls by year of publication, and confounding by peer-reviewed funding, author academic affiliation and trial protocol registration will be examined using multiple logistic regression analysis.This study will examine whether preparatory IDEAL 2b-like studies are associated with higher quality and impact of subsequent RCTs.
Metformin increases natural killer cell functions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through CXCL1 inhibition
Authors: Crist McKenzie , Yaniv Benyamin , Palackdharry Sarah , Lehn Maria A , Medvedovic Mario , Stone Timothy , Gulati Shuchi , Karivedu Vidhya , Borchers Michael , Fuhrman Bethany , Crago Audrey , Curry Joseph , Martinez-Outschoorn Ubaldo , Takiar Vinita , Wise-Draper Trisha M 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundMetformin slows tumor growth and progression in vitro, and in combination with chemoradiotherapy, resulted in high overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in our phase 1 clinical trial (NCT02325401). Metformin is also postulated to activate an antitumor immune response. Here, we investigate immunologic effects of metformin on natural killer (NK) and natural killer T cells, including results from two phase I open-label studies in patients with HNSCC treated with metformin (NCT02325401,NCT02083692).MethodsPeripheral blood was collected before and after metformin treatment or from newly diagnosed patients with HNSCC. Peripheral immune cell phenotypes were evaluated using flow cytometry, cytokine expression by ELISA and/or IsoLight, and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was determined with a flow-based NK cell cytotoxicity assay (NKCA). Patient tumor immune infiltration before and after metformin treatment was analyzed with immunofluorescence. NK cells were treated with either vehicle or metformin and analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). NK cells were then treated with inhibitors of significant pathways determined by RNA-seq and analyzed by NKCA, ELISA, and western blot analyses.ResultsIncreased peripheral NK cell activated populations were observed in patients treated with metformin. NK cell tumor infiltration was enhanced in patients with HNSCC treated with metformin preoperatively. Metformin increased antitumorigenic cytokines ex vivo, including significant increases in perforin. Metformin increased HNSCC NK cell cytotoxicity and inhibited the CXCL1 pathway while stimulating the STAT1 pathway within HNSCC NK cells. Exogenous CXCL1 prevented metformin-enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Metformin-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity was found to be AMP-activated protein kinase independent, but dependent on both mechanistic target of rapamycin and pSTAT1.ConclusionsOur data identifies a new role for metformin-mediated immune antitumorigenic function through NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and downregulation of CXCL1 in HNSCC. These findings will inform future immunomodulating therapies in HNSCC.
Reocclusion after successful endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira Renato , Correia Manuel A , Marto João Pedro , Carvalho Dias Mariana , Mohamed Ghada A , Nguyen Thanh N , Nogueira Raul G , Aboul-Nour Hassan , Marin Horia , Bou Chebl Alex , Mohammaden Mahmoud H , Al-Bayati Alhamza R , Haussen Diogo C , Abdalkader Mohamad , Fifi Johanna T , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Yavagal Dileep R , Mayer Stephan A. , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Neto Lia Lucas , Aguiar de Sousa Diana 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundEndovascular treatment (EVT) is the standard of care for selected patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO).ObjectiveTo systematically review the available data on: (1) incidence, predictors, and outcomes of patients with reocclusion after successful EVT for AIS and, (2) the characteristics, complications, and outcomes of patients with reocclusion treated with repeated EVT (rEVT) within 30 days of the first procedure.MethodsPubMed was searched (between January 2012 and April 2021) to identify studies reporting reocclusion following successful EVT (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b) in patients with AIS due to LVO. Pooled incidence of reocclusion per 100 patients with successful recanalization following EVT was calculated using a random-effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. Extracted incidences of reocclusion according to etiology and use of intravenous thrombolysis were pooled using random-effects meta-analytic models.ResultsA total of 840 studies was identified and seven studies qualified for the quantitative analysis, which described 91 same-vessel reocclusions occurring within the first 7 days after treatment among 2067 patients (4.9%; 95% CI 3% to 7%, I2=70.2%). Large vessel atherosclerosis was associated with an increased risk of reocclusion (OR=3.44, 95% CI 1.12 to 10.61, I2=50%). We identified 90 patients treated with rEVT for recurrent LVO, described in five studies. The rates of procedural complications, mortality, and unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months were 18.0%, 18.9%, and 60.3%, respectively.ConclusionIn cohorts of patients with AIS due to LVO, 5% of patients experienced reocclusion within 7 days after successful EVT. Repeated EVT can be a safe and effective treatment for selected patients with reocclusion.
Immunogenicity and safety of a three-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases on immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Syversen Silje Watterdal , Jyssum Ingrid , Tveter Anne Therese , Sexton Joe , Christensen Ingrid Egeland , Tran Trung T , Bjørlykke Kristin Hammersbøen , Mjaaland Siri , Warren David J , Kvien Tore K , Chopra Adity , Kro Grete Birkeland , Jahnsen Jorgen , Munthe Ludvig A , Haavardsholm Espen A , Grødeland Gunnveig , Vaage John Torgils , Provan Sella Aarrestad , Jørgensen Kristin Kaasen , Goll Guro Løvik 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesHumoral vaccine responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are impaired and short lasting in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) following two vaccine doses. To protect these vulnerable patients against severe COVID-19 disease, a three-dose primary vaccination strategy has been implemented in many countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate humoral response and safety of primary vaccination with three doses in patients with IMID.MethodsPatients with IMID on immunosuppressive therapy and healthy controls receiving three-dose and two-dose primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, respectively, were included in this prospective observational cohort study. Anti-Spike antibodies were assessed 2–4 weeks, and 12 weeks following each dose. The main outcome was anti-Spike antibody levels 2–4 weeks following three doses in patients with IMID and two doses in controls. Additional outcomes were the antibody decline rate and adverse events.Results1100 patients and 303 controls were included. Following three-dose vaccination, patients achieved median (IQR) antibody levels of 5720 BAU/mL (2138–8732) compared with 4495 (1591–6639) in controls receiving two doses, p=0.27. Anti-Spike antibody levels increased with median 1932 BAU/mL (IQR 150–4978) after the third dose. The interval between the vaccine doses and vaccination with mRNA-1273 or a combination of vaccines were associated with antibody levels following the third dose. Antibody levels had a slower decline-rate following the third than the second vaccine dose, p<0.001. Adverse events were reported by 464 (47%) patients and by 196 (78%) controls. Disease flares were reported by 70 (7%) patients.ConclusionsThis study shows that additional vaccine doses to patients with IMID contribute to strong and sustained immune-responses comparable to healthy persons vaccinated twice, and supports repeated vaccination of patients with IMID.Trial registration numberNCT04798625.
Risk of pre-eclampsia and impact of disease activity and antirheumatic treatment in women with rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondylarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: a collaborative matched cohort study from Sweden and Denmark
Authors: Secher Anne Emilie Pape , Granath Fredrik , Glintborg Bente , Rom Ane , Hetland Merete Lund , Hellgren Karin 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the risk of pre-eclampsia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), focusing on the impact of treatment and disease activity.MethodsWe identified RA, AxSpA and PsA singleton pregnancies (2006–2018) by linking medical birth registers to Swedish (SRQ) and Danish (DANBIO) rheumatology registers. Control pregnancies from the medical birth registers were matched 1:10 on maternal age, parity and birth year.We obtained information on antirheumatic treatment before and during pregnancy and disease activity during pregnancy. Risks of pre-eclampsia in RA, AxSpA and PsA pregnancies, compared with control pregnancies, were estimated overall and by antirheumatic treatment (conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)/biological DMARD/corticosteroids, as monotherapy or combination therapy) and disease load (Health Assessment Questionnaire≥1/C-reactive protein≥10/Disease Activity Score in 28 joints≥3.2) through logistic regression (adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CI).ResultsWe observed 69, 34, and 26 pre-eclampsia events among RA (n=1739), AxSpA (n=819) and PsA (n=489), resulting in a risk of pre-eclampsia of, respectively, aOR 1.27 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.67), 1.17 (0.76 to 1.78) and 1.85 (1.10 to 3.12), compared with controls.For RA, maternal combination therapy before and during pregnancy was associated with increased risk (1.59; 1.07 to 2.37 and 1.53; 0.97 to 2.39, respectively). For PsA, maternal monotherapy before pregnancy was associated with pre-eclampsia (2.72; 1.4 to 5.13). In RA pregnancies with available information (43%), high disease load was associated with doubled risk of pre-eclampsia (aOR 1.96; 1.26 to 3.04).ConclusionPsA pregnancies, but not AxSpA pregnancies, were at increased risk of pre-eclampsia. For RA, combination therapy (potentially a surrogate for high disease activity both before and during pregnancy) and high disease load during pregnancy might be a risk factor for pre-eclampsia.
Entanglement in joint $$\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$$ decay; cont.
Authors: Fäldt Göran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe have previously investigated joint $$\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$$

Λ

Λ

¯

decay in the reaction $$e^+ e^- \rightarrow \gamma \Lambda (\rightarrow p\pi ^-) \bar{\Lambda }(\rightarrow \bar{p}\pi ^+)$$

e
+

e
-

→
γ
Λ

(
→
p

π
-

)

Λ

¯

(
→

p

¯

π
+

)

. The cross-section-distribution functions encountered were relativistically covariant and expressed in terms of scalar products of the four-momentum vectors of the particles involved. In the present, sequel investigation, we work instead in the $$\Lambda \bar{\Lambda } $$

Λ

Λ

¯

rest system and with three-momentum scalars. In this configuration our results become directly comparable to those of others, including experiment.
Franklinian Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Canadian Arctic Islands
Authors: Dewing Keith , Hadlari Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Neoproterozoic–Devonian strata of the Canadian Arctic Islands record three Tectono-Sedimentary Elements (TSEs): (i) the Neoproterozoic Synrift TSE; (ii) the Neoproterozoic–Late Devonian Franklinian Margin TSE composed of Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate-dominated passive-margin strata and latest Ordovician, Silurian and Lower Devonian mixed carbonate and clastic strata deposited on an unstable margin; and (iii) Middle–Upper Devonian Foreland Basin TSE deposited in an expanding foreland basin. These three TSEs comprise the Franklinian Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (CTSE). In the southern parts of the Arctic Islands, strata are flat lying but there is localized faulting and folding in the central Arctic Islands and towards the northern end of the Franklinian CTSE. These strata of the Franklinian Margin and Foreland Basin TSEs were broadly folded over deeply seated reverse faults localized along Late Silurian–Early Devonian contractional uplifts or deformed by widespread Late Devonian thin-skin folds and thrusts related to the Ellesmerian Orogeny. The parts of the CTSE overprinted by Late Silurian–Early Devonian north–south-trending structures are grouped as Boothia Structural Domains, and the area of the CTSE overprinted by Ellesmerian structures is termed the Ellesmerian Structural Domain. The major hydrocarbon source rock is Upper Ordovician–Lower Silurian shale but maximum thermal maturity over much of the area was achieved by the Late Devonian, prior to the formation of large folds. The complex geological history of the area since the Late Devonian reduces the chances of hydrocarbon preservation.
Critical metals and minerals in the Nordic countries of Europe: diversity of mineralization and green energy potential
Authors: Jonsson Erik , Törmänen Tuomo , Keiding Jakob Kløve , Bjerkgård Terje , Eilu Pasi , Pokki Jussi , Gautneb Håvard , Reginiussen Helge , Rosa Diogo , Sadeghi Martiya , Sandstad Jan Sverre , Stendal Henrik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Europe relies mainly on imports of critical raw materials (CRMs) for its industry, not least the vital ones for emerging green energy technologies. Among the main metal and mineral producers in Europe today, the Nordic countries (specifically, Greenland, Norway, Sweden and Finland) share a diverse geology with various deposit types formed over a long geological time span. This has led to large near-future potential with regard to CRM production. Based on current knowledge and datasets, we assess the Nordic geological potential for CRMs that are specifically relevant for green technologies, namely cobalt, graphite, hafnium, lithium, niobium, platinum-group metals, rare earth elements (REEs), silicon, tantalum, titanium and vanadium, describing the most important deposits, their setting and characteristics. Several Nordic CRM resources stand out in a European and even global context, such as the giant REE(–Nb–Ta–Hf) deposits in Greenland, while the REE–Nb–(Hf) deposits at Fen (Norway) and Norra Kärr (Sweden) are very significant for Europe; Finland is the only major cobalt producer, while Norway has very significant graphite and titanium resources and production. Furthermore, Sweden, Finland and Greenland have very large vanadium resources. In addition, we conclude that the Nordic research and exploration potential for most CRMs is large.
Making the most out of historical cores for geothermal exploration
Authors: Dasgupta Kanchan , Gumpenberger Thomas , Stern Gerald , Siedl Wolfgang , Biernat Magdalena 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
During the current trend of the energy transition, many stratigraphic intervals that previously were thought as uneconomical from an oil and gas business perspective are being re-evaluated for low-carbon energy resource potential such as geothermal. This study presents a case study from the Vienna Basin, Austria, where the Early Badenian Rothneusiedl Formation has been targeted for a re-evaluation, utilizing existing sparse subsurface datasets of vintage quality. The historical cores were subjected to diverse analytical techniques covering sedimentological, petrophysical and thermophysical aspects. These analysis techniques provided the fundamental lithological characteristics and led to the creation of a synthetic conceptual sedimentological log, resultant selection of samples for further analyses, as well as the creation of gross depositional environment maps. The reservoir and thermal properties guided by the core-based lithofacies were required for evaluating the feasibility of the target strata. Overall, the limited and historical cores provided significant and robust data that proved crucial for assessing uncertainties and identifying sub-areas of the Vienna Basin for harnessing geothermal energy. This study demonstrates an important case example of the utilization of historical cores to their maximum potential and reiterates the value of core-derived data amongst digital technologies of the twenty-first century.
The amalgamation of Gondwana: calcite twinning and finite strains from the early–late Paleozoic Buzios, Ross, Kurgiakh and Gondwanide orogens
Authors: Craddock John , Paulsen Timothy , da Silva Schmitt Renata , Johnston Stephen T. , Myrow Paul M. , Hughes Nigel C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Orientated carbonate (calcite twinning strains;
n
= 78 with 2414 twin measurements) and quartzites (finite strains;
n
= 15) were collected around Gondwana to study the deformational history associated with the amalgamation of the supercontinent. The Buzios orogen (545–500 Ma), within interior Gondwana, records the high-grade collisional orogen between the São Francisco Craton (Brazil) and the Congo–Angola Craton (Angola and Namibia), and twinning strains in calc-silicates record a SE–NW shortening fabric parallel to the thrust transport. Along Gondwana's southern margin, the Saldanian–Ross–Delamerian orogen (590–480 Ma) is marked by a regional unconformity that cuts into deformed Neoproterozoic–Ordovician sedimentary rocks and associated intrusions. Cambrian carbonate is preserved in the central part of the southern Gondwana margin, namely in the Kango Inlier of the Cape Fold Belt and the Ellsworth, Pensacola and Transantarctic mountains. Paleozoic carbonate is not preserved in the Ventana Mountains in Argentina, in the Falkland Islands/Islas Malvinas or in Tasmania. Twinning strains in these Cambrian carbonate strata and synorogenic veins record a complex, overprinted deformation history with no stable foreland strain reference. The Kurgiakh orogen (490 Ma) along Gondwana's northern margin is also defined by a regional Ordovician unconformity throughout the Himalaya; these rocks record a mix of layer-parallel and layer-normal twinning strains with a likely Himalayan (40 Ma) strain overprint and no autochthonous foreland strain site.

Conversely, the Gondwanide orogen (250 Ma) along Gondwana's southern margin has three foreland (autochthonous) sites for comparison with 59 allochthonous thrust-belt strain analyses. From west to east, these include: finite strains from Devonian quartzite preserve a layer-parallel shortening (LPS) strain rotated clockwise in the Ventana Mountains of Argentina; frontal (calcite twins) and internal (quartzite strains) samples in the Cape Fold Belt preserve a LPS fabric that is rotated clockwise from the autochthonous north–south horizontal shortening in the foreland strain site; Falkland Devonian quartzite shows the same clockwise rotation of the LPS fabric; and Permian limestone and veins in Tasmania record a thrust transport-parallel LPS fabric. Early amalgamation of Gondwana (Ordovician) is preserved by local layer-parallel and layer-normal strain without evidence of far-field deformation, whereas the Gondwanide orogen (Permian) is dominated by layer-parallel shortening, locally rotated by dextral shear along the margin, that propagated across the supercontinent.