bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorimetric Test Paper for H2O2 Determination Based on Peroxidase‐Like Activity of an AuFe/ZIF‐8‐Graphene Composite
Authors: Jia Shengran , Zhang Xiaokuan , Yuan Fang , Xia Ting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, we prepared a bisuppport‐based bimetallic nanoparticle composite AuFe/ZIF‐8‐graphene. It exhibited high peroxidase activity compared to those hybrids without graphene support, which demonstrated the regulatory effect of graphene on the catalytic activity. SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, FT‐IR and XPS characterization showed that Au and Fe3O4 NPs were successfully immobilized on ZIF‐8‐rGO carriers. Kinetic analysis confirmed that the fabricated composites showed better Km and Vmax for H2O2 than HRP and some other reported peroxidase mimics. Under the optimal conditions, a sensing assay for H2O2 determination was constructed with a linear detection range of 0.01–2.5 mM and a detection limit of 0.63 μM. On this basis, a colorimetric test paper with its standard card was prepared for rapid visualization detection. It realized H2O2 detection in the range of 0.01‐500 mM and was further successfully applicated in the semi‐quantitative detection of H2O2 in actual spiked water samples. This achievement was expected to encourage the development of rapid visual detection for other pollutants in environmental and medical field.
Gold Nanoclusters as a Fluorescent Probe for the Sensitive Determination of Morin and Sensing of Temperature
Authors: Zhang Yi , Tang Chang , Zhang Minglu , Huang Zilong , Cai Zhifeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe fluorescence detection has attracted extensive attentions because of its selective and sensitive determining characteristics for a series of analytes. In this detection system, a fluorescence method was first developed for the analysis of morin (MR) based on gold nanoclusters, which was prepared using tryptophan as the stabilizer and reducing agent. The as‐synthesized gold nanoclusters (Trp‐Au NCs) showed maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength at 368 and 449 nm, respectively. When MR was added, the fluorescence intensity at 449 nm was significantly quenched, which might be attributed to the inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching. The ln(F0/F) value of Trp‐Au NCs displayed excellent linearity for sensing MR in the range of 0.5–90 μM (R2 =0.9958) with a lower detection limit of 0.063 μM. This proposed sensor could be used for the sensing of temperature. Moreover, this fluorescence detecting strategy was successfully used in real samples, which indicated its great potential value for MR sensing in actual samples.
Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure and Computational Study of Third‐Order NLO Properties of Schiff bases
Authors: Shahzad Munawar Khurram , Ali Saqib , Ashfaq Muhammad , Nawaz Tahir Muhammad , Muhammad Shabbir , Alarfaji Saleh S. , Ahmed Gulzar , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current study involves the synthesis of two azomethine compounds, (E)‐2‐((6‐nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol‐5‐yl)methylene)amino)phenol (2AP6NO) and (E)‐2‐((4‐ethylbenzylidene)amino)phenol (2AP4ETH), as well as their theoretical investigations. The synthesized azomethine compounds were then characterized by combustion analysis (CHN), FT‐IR, NMR (1H and 13C), and single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD) analysis. The SC‐XRD study confirmed the enol tautomeric form of 2AP6NO as well as 2AP4ETH. The strong and comparatively weak intermolecular interactions were elaborated by Hirshfeld surface analysis. For both compounds, intermolecular interaction energies between the pair of molecules, energy framework, and void analysis were calculated to visualize the three‐dimensional topology of the crystal packing. Additionally, quantum chemical computations were also utilized to study the optical and nonlinear optical (NLO) response. The molecular geometries were optimized at the M06‐2X/6‐311G* method and equated to their respective experimental counterparts. The third‐order NLO polarizabilities were also calculated at the same level of theory. The calculated average third‐order NLO polarizabilities were 62.55×10−36 esu and 55.08×10−36 esu, respectively, predicting the modest behavior of the above compounds when displaying NLO properties.
Anchorage and detailing of reinforcement under fire action
Authors: Muciaccia Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, an increasing attention was devoted to evaluating the effects of temperature exposure on the bond properties between a steel bar and the surrounding concrete, with a lower focus on the effects on bond length and, more in general, on the consistency among existing design models, when considering a fire scenario. The current paper proposes a unified approach for both cast‐in and post‐installed rebars to evaluate the effects of temperature exposure on bond length and reinforcement detailing in reinforced concrete members in bending subjected to a simulated fire event. Starting from a consistent evaluation of decay of bond properties as a function of temperature, different geometrical configurations of beam/slab to column/wall connections are considered. For a given fire duration, the impact on bond length is evaluated as a function of bar position and size, also focusing on the potential modifications in the overall load‐transfer mechanism, when bond properties are excessively impaired.
Critical Language Testing, Multilingualism and Social Justice
Authors: Shohamy Elana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper reports on trends in language testing taking place over the years and aim at critical perspectives of testing and promoting inclusion, equity and justice. It begins with critical theories by Messick, Foucault and Bourdieu, leading to critical language testing (CLT) which focused on consequences and uses of tests. Given the power of tests and their detrimental effects questions were raised regarding the impact of language tests on individuals and society. Based on theories of sociolinguistics and applied linguistics it was realized that bi‐multilingual students, especially immigrants in the first years of migration and beyond continue to use their first languages as resources for academic functioning, referring to it as their ‘full language repertoire’. These languages are needed especially when processing academic school tests, presented in the new language which students have not yet acquired. The paper reports on studies where immigrant students are tested in multilingual tests and reach significantly high scores compared to those tested only in the new language. In experiments, using a variety of tools, students showed positive attitude to the procedure as they felt recognition and respect. Multilingual tests need to be practiced in schools to avoid language rights violations. Multimodal assessment methods are also proposed as additional ways for expanding the underpinnings of language construct. Lastly, it is recommended that language testing researchers and practitioners conduct research to identify cases of violate language rights and suggest new assessment models to overcome it, leading to increased social justice.
30 years of UEG: What has been achieved and what does the future hold?
Authors: Farthing Michael J. G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe 30th UEG Week took place in Vienna at the Messe Wien Exhibition and Congress Center between 8 and 11 October 2022. It was the first face to face meeting of UEG for 3 years, the previous two UEG Weeks having been delivered in the virtual format. The participants were delighted to return to the vibrant, friendly, family atmosphere they had come to love, with the total number of attendees returning almost to pre‐Covid levels. It was a triumph. There were frequent reminders that this was a significant anniversary meeting which included clinical topic based 30 year reviews and teatime treats in the social spaces, culminating in an anniversary scientific session which reviewed the outstanding progress that had be made during the last 3 decades in managing four of the most challenging diseases in gastroenterology and hepatology; hepatitis C, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. Following these high‐quality scientific papers, I gave a brief account of UEG's history, focusing predominantly on progress made during the last 3 years which is described below. The session closed with a short musical interlude and a firework display!.
Diagnosis, treatment and outcome of metallic foreign body ingestion in two new world camelids
Authors: Gamsjäger Lisa , Nuss Karl , Hartnack Amanda , Eckert Alexandra , Gerspach Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 14‐year‐old alpaca and a 3‐year‐old llama presented independently with vague symptoms of abdominal discomfort. Bloodwork was unremarkable in the alpaca, but showed signs of sepsis in the llama, and abdominal ultrasonography was normal in both animals. Abdominal radiography revealed a metallic gastrointestinal foreign body in both cases. Ventral midline laparotomy was performed, and the foreign bodies were retrieved from the C3 compartment in the alpaca and from the proximal duodenum in the llama. Both camelids received broad‐spectrum antimicrobial drugs, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and supportive care. The alpaca and llama were discharged from the hospital 16 and 8 days after surgery, respectively. The alpaca was euthansed due to recumbency of unknown aetiology 2 months later, while the llama was doing well 4 months after discharge. This report shows the usefulness of abdominal radiographs in camelids presenting with unspecific clinical signs and demonstrates that hardware disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis.
Anion exchange membrane fuel cell: New insights and advancements
Authors: Vedarajan Raman , Balaji Rengarajan , Ramya Krishnan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnion exchange membrane (AEM)‐based fuel cells as an alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are attracting a lot of attention due to lower cost perceived due to use of non‐platinum group metals as the catalysts. This review has focused on the advancements in the materials that have led to achievements in performances similar to that of PEMFC and the challenges that need to be overcome to bring the technology to commercialization. The improvements in the properties of the AEM, the advancements in the AEM, binders and understandings of the cationic species adsorption on the catalysts have led to improved performances >3 W cm−2. The review also highlights the importance of the stability issues of the membranes that has to be overcome for >5000 h of continuous operation for commercialization of the alkaline AEM fuel cell technology. The advancements in other operational parameters like water management, carbonation are also highlighted.This article is categorized under:
Emerging Technologies > Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Astronomical Observations at Machu Picchu: Facts, Hypothesis and Wishful Thinking
Authors: Ziółkowski Mariusz , Kościuk Jacek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this text has been the evaluation of the hypotheses, formulated by various authors, on the possible astronomical function of seven structures and architectural ensembles located in the Llaqta of Machu Picchu and its immediate vicinity: the Temple of the Sun, the Room of the Mortars, the cave of Intimachay, the Temple of Condor, the Intihuatana, the Mirador de Inkaraqay, the River Intihuatana as well as the site of Llactapata. Apart from the Room of the Mortars, whose astronomical function was revealed to be dubious, the remaining six ensembles present well-documented evidence of astronomical alignments, with a marked preference for orientations towards sunrise on the June Solstice, and the demarcation of a fixed number of days around this phenomenon. Two structures, namely Intimachay and the Mirador de Inkaraqay, meet instrument requirements for precision observations, but of different types. The latter structure, provided with two observation tubes, a unique case in Inca architecture, seems to have been designed for observations of the Pleiades and Venus at its maximum elongation, in the frame of a multiannual cycle. Intimachay, on the other hand, was used for observations of the cycles of the Sun and the Moon.
The Welfare State as an Independent Variable: Debates, Pitfalls, Potentials
Authors: Kunißen Katharina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the first main research question: how comparable are the results that emerge from different approaches to operationalising the welfare state as an independent variable? This raises several critical issues. In addition to discussing these issues in more detail, this chapter also explores the implications for research findings, their comparability and transparency. As the conceptual and empirical investigation shows, there is a need for more standardisation and conceptual work in order to more reliably include the welfare state as an independent variable in multilevel analyses.
Towards Solving the Independent Variable Problem
Authors: Kunißen Katharina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
How comparable are the results that emerge from different approaches to operationalising the welfare state as an independent variable and how can we derive a more standardised, transparent and comparable approach to operationalising the welfare state as an independent variable? This concluding chapter summarises the main findings and answers to these questions, but also addresses aspects that are still unanswered and should spark further critical debates and future research on the matter.
To the cusp and back: resurgent analysis for modular graph functions
Authors: Dorigoni Daniele , Kleinschmidt Axel , Treilis Rudolfs 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Modular graph functions arise in the calculation of the low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes. For toroidal world-sheets, they are SL(2, ℤ)-invariant functions of the torus complex structure that have to be integrated over the moduli space of inequivalent tori. We use methods from resurgent analysis to construct the non-perturbative corrections arising for two-loop modular graph functions when the argument of the function approaches the cusp on this moduli space. SL(2, ℤ)-invariance will in turn strongly constrain the behaviour of the non-perturbative sector when expanded at the origin of the moduli space.
The asymptotic Weak Gravity Conjecture for open strings
Authors: Cota Cesar Fierro , Mininno Alessandro , Weigand Timo , Wiesner Max 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the asymptotic Tower Weak Gravity Conjecture in weak coupling limits of open string theories with minimal supersymmetry in four dimensions, focusing for definiteness on gauge theories realized on 7-branes in F-theory. Contrary to expectations, we find that not all weak coupling limits contain an obvious candidate for a tower of states marginally satisfying the super-extremality bound. The weak coupling limits are classified geometrically in the framework of EFT string limits and their generalizations. We find three different classes of weak coupling limits, whose physics is characterized by the ratio of the magnetic weak gravity scale and the species scale. The four-dimensional Tower Weak Gravity Conjecture is satisfied by the (non-BPS) excitations of the weakly coupled EFT string only in emergent string limits, where the EFT string can be identified with a critical (heterotic) string. All other weak coupling limits lead to a decompactification either to an in general strongly coupled gauge theory coupled to gravity or to a defect gauge theory decoupling from the gravitational bulk, in agreement with the absence of an obvious candidate for a marginally super-extremal tower of states.
Corrections to AdS5 black hole thermodynamics from higher-derivative supergravity
Authors: Cassani Davide , Ruipérez Alejandro , Turetta Enrico 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study four-derivative corrections to five-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity. We evaluate the on-shell action of the AdS5 black hole solution with two independent angular momenta and one electric charge at linear order in the corrections. After imposing supersymmetry, we are able to recast the action in terms of the supersymmetric chemical potentials and match the result obtained from the dual superconformal index on the second sheet. To achieve this, we exploit the freedom to implement field redefinitions to recast the action in a much simpler form, as well as the fact that the two-derivative solution is enough. We use the on-shell action to determine the corrections to the black hole thermodynamics, including those to the entropy and the charges. We then specialize to the supersymmetric and extremal case and find a simple expression for the microcanonical entropy. In particular, for the case with one independent angular momentum the corrections are entirely encoded in the dual superconformal anomaly coefficients. We corroborate this result for the entropy by constructing the corrected near-horizon solution and applying Wald’s formula.
The bulk Hilbert space of double scaled SYK
Authors: Lin Henry W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The emergence of the bulk Hilbert space is a mysterious concept in holography. In [1], the SYK model was solved in the double scaling limit by summing chord diagrams. Here, we explicitly construct the bulk Hilbert space of double scaled SYK by slicing open these chord diagrams; this Hilbert space resembles that of a lattice field theory where the length of the lattice is dynamical and determined by the chord number. Under a calculable bulk-to-boundary map, states of fixed chord number map to particular entangled 2-sided states with a corresponding size. This bulk reconstruction is well-defined even when quantum gravity effects are important. Acting on the double scaled Hilbert space is a Type II1 algebra of observables, which includes the Hamiltonian and matter operators. In the appropriate quantum Schwarzian limit, we also identify the JT gravitational algebra including the physical SL(2, ℝ) symmetry generators, and obtain explicit representations of the algebra using chord diagram techniques.
On isotropic and numerical equivalence of cycles
Authors: Vishik Alexander 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study the conjecture claiming that, over a flexible field, isotropic Chow groups coincide with numerical Chow groups (with $$\mathbb {F}_p$$

F
p

-coefficients). This conjecture is essential for understanding the structure of the isotropic motivic category and that of the tensor triangulated spectrum of Voevodsky category of motives. We prove the conjecture for the new range of cases. In particular, we show that, for a given variety X, it holds for sufficiently large primes p. We also prove the p-adic analogue. This permits to interpret integral numerically trivial classes in $${\text {CH}}(X)$$

CH
(
X
)

as $$p^{\infty }$$

p
∞

-anisotropic ones.
Representations of the Yangians Associated with Lie Superalgebras $$\mathfrak {osp}(1|2n)$$
Authors: Molev A. I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe give a complete description of the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the Yangians associated with the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebras $$\mathfrak {osp}_{1|2n}$$

osp

1
|
2
n

. The representations are classified in terms of their highest weights and are parameterized by n-tuples of monic polynomials in one variable. The arguments rely on explicit constructions of a family of elementary modules of the Yangian for $$\mathfrak {osp}_{1|2}$$

osp

1
|
2

. We show that a wide class of irreducible representations of this Yangian can be produced by taking tensor products of the elementary modules.
Predicting pathological highly invasive lung cancer from preoperative [18F]FDG PET/CT with multiple machine learning models
Authors: Onozato Yuki , Iwata Takekazu , Uematsu Yasufumi , Shimizu Daiki , Yamamoto Takayoshi , Matsui Yukiko , Ogawa Kazuyuki , Kuyama Junpei , Sakairi Yuichi , Kawakami Eiryo , Iizasa Toshihiko , Yoshino Ichiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The efficacy of sublobar resection of primary lung cancer have been proven in recent years. However, sublobar resection for highly invasive lung cancer increases local recurrence. We developed and validated multiple machine learning models predicting pathological invasiveness of lung cancer based on preoperative [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) radiomic features.

Methods
Overall, 873 patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy for primary lung cancer were enrolled. Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative PET/CT images with the PyRadiomics package. Seven machine learning models and an ensemble of all models (ENS) were evaluated after 100 iterations. In addition, the probability of highly invasive lung cancer was calculated in a nested cross-validation to assess the calibration plot and clinical usefulness and to compare to consolidation tumour ratio (CTR) on CT images, one of the generally used diagnostic criteria.

Results
In the training set, when PET and CT features were combined, all models achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of ≥ 0.880. In the test set, ENS showed the highest mean AUC of 0.880 and smallest standard deviation of 0.0165, and when the cutoff was 0.5, accuracy of 0.804, F1 of 0.851, precision of 0.821, and recall of 0.885. In the nested cross-validation, the AUC of 0.882 (95% CI: 0.860–0.905) showed a high discriminative ability, and the calibration plot indicated consistency with a Brier score of 0.131. A decision curve analysis showed that the ENS was valid with a threshold probability ranging from 3 to 98%. Accuracy showed an improvement of more than 8% over the CTR.

Conclusion
The machine learning model based on preoperative [18F]FDG PET/CT images was able to predict pathological highly invasive lung cancer with high discriminative ability and stability. The calibration plot showed good consistency, suggesting its usefulness in quantitative risk assessment.