bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the role of auditory and visual sensory inputs for inducing relaxation during virtual reality stimulation
Authors: Naef Aileen C. , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen , Knobel Samuel E. J. , Exl Matthias Thomas , Müri René M. , Jakob Stephan M. , Nef Tobias , Gerber Stephan M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStress is a part of everyday life which can be counteracted by evoking the relaxation response via nature scenes presented using immersive virtual reality (VR). The aim of this study was to determine which sensory aspect of immersive VR intervention is responsible for the greatest relaxation response. We compared four conditions: auditory and visual combined (audiovisual), auditory only, visual only, and no artificial sensory input. Physiological changes in heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure were recorded, while participants reported their preferred condition and awareness of people, noise, and light in the real-world. Over the duration of the stimulation, participants had the lowest heart rate during the audiovisual and visual only conditions. They had the steadiest decrease in respiration rate and the lowest blood pressure during the audiovisual condition, compared to the other conditions, indicating the greatest relaxation. Moreover, ratings of awareness indicated that participants reported being less aware of their surroundings (i.e., people, noise, light, real environment) during the audiovisual condition versus the other conditions (p < 0.001), with a preference for audiovisual inputs. Overall, the use of audiovisual VR stimulation is more effective at inducing a relaxation response compared to no artificial sensory inputs, or the independent inputs.
Anopheles gambiae s.l. swarms trapping as a complementary tool against residual malaria transmission in eastern Gambia
Authors: Assogba Benoît Sessinou , Sillah Salimina , Opondo Kevin O. , Cham Sheikh Tijan , Camara Muhammed M. , Jadama Lamin , Camara Lamin , Ndiaye Assane , Wathuo Miriam , Jawara Musa , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Achan Jane , D’Alessandro Umberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMalaria remains a major health problem and vector control is an essential approach to decrease its burden, although it is threatened by insecticide resistance. New approaches for vector control are needed. The females of Anopheles gambiae s.l. mate once in their life and in the swarms formed by males. Trapping swarms of Anopheles gambiae s.l. males is a potential new intervention for vector control, alternative to the use of insecticides, as it would disrupt mating . The proof-of-concept pilot study aiming at investigating swarm trapping as a potential vector control intervention, was carried out in 6 villages as in eastern Gambia. Swarms of Anopheles gambiae s.l. were identified and their size, height, and duration determined during the baseline year. Swarm trapping by local volunteers was implemented the following transmission season in 4 villages while the other 2 villages were taken as controls. Entomological outcomes were monitored by Human Landing Catches and Pyrethrum Spray Catches. A cross-sectional survey to determine malaria prevalence was carried out at the peak of the malaria transmission season for two consecutive years. At baseline, 23 swarming sites of Anopheles gambiae s.l. were identified. Before the intervention, mean indoor resting density per house and malaria prevalence were similar between control and intervention villages. Following the intervention, Anopheles gambiae s.l. indoor resting density was 44% lower in intervention than in control villages (adj IRR: 0.0.56; 95% CI 0.47–0.68); the odds of malaria infections were 68% lower in intervention than in control villages (OR: 0.32; 95% CI 0.11–0.97). Swarm trapping seems to be a promising, community-based vector control intervention that could reduce malaria prevalence by reducing vector density. Such results should be further investigated and confirmed by larger cluster-randomized trials.
Mass spectrometry imaging discriminates glioblastoma tumor cell subpopulations and different microvascular formations based on their lipid profiles
Authors: O’Neill Kelly C. , Liapis Evangelos , Harris Brent T. , Perlin David S. , Carter Claire L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma is a prevalent malignant brain tumor and despite clinical intervention, tumor recurrence is frequent and usually fatal. Genomic investigations have provided a greater understanding of molecular heterogeneity in glioblastoma, yet there are still no curative treatments, and the prognosis has remained unchanged. The aggressive nature of glioblastoma is attributed to the heterogeneity in tumor cell subpopulations and aberrant microvascular proliferation. Ganglioside-directed immunotherapy and membrane lipid therapy have shown efficacy in the treatment of glioblastoma. To truly harness these novel therapeutics and develop a regimen that improves clinical outcome, a greater understanding of the altered lipidomic profiles within the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment is urgently needed. In this work, high resolution mass spectrometry imaging was utilized to investigate lipid heterogeneity in human glioblastoma samples. Data presented offers the first insight into the histology-specific accumulation of lipids involved in cell metabolism and signaling. Cardiolipins, phosphatidylinositol, ceramide-1-phosphate, and gangliosides, including the glioblastoma stem cell marker, GD3, were shown to differentially accumulate in tumor and endothelial cell subpopulations. Conversely, a reduction in sphingomyelins and sulfatides were detected in tumor cell regions. Cellular accumulation for each lipid class was dependent upon their fatty acid residue composition, highlighting the importance of understanding lipid structure–function relationships. Discriminating ions were identified and correlated to histopathology and Ki67 proliferation index. These results identified multiple lipids within the glioblastoma microenvironment that warrant further investigation for the development of predictive biomarkers and lipid-based therapeutics.
Mine ventilation system reliability evaluation based on a Markov chain
Authors: Liu Li , Liu Jian , Zhou Qichao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMine ventilation systems play a key role in creating and sustaining a healthy and safe working environment within the mine, and as such, should always be maintained at optimal performance levels. This paper establishes a model based on Markov chain that can quickly evaluate the reliability of the ventilation system. Firstly, the operation status of the ventilation system is divided into normal, risk and failure. Then, according to the failure rate and repair rate of the system, the operation state of the system under the specified total operation time T and time interval Δt is simulated based on Monte Carlo method, the Markov chain state transfer probability matrix of the system can be obtained. Combined with the current operation state of the system, the reliability indexes such as the system operation state transfer probability and the steady state probability in the future can be quickly analyzed to realize the rapid evaluation of the operation reliability of the ventilation system. Finally, the model is used to evaluate the reliability of XQ mine ventilation system, which shows the effectiveness of the model. This research provides theoretical reference and technical support for mine safety production.
Long-term exposure to particulate matter was associated with increased dementia risk using both traditional approaches and novel machine learning methods
Authors: Yan Yuan-Horng , Chen Ting-Bin , Yang Chun-Pai , Tsai I-Ju , Yu Hwa-Lung , Wu Yuh-Shen , Huang Winn-Jung , Tseng Shih-Ting , Peng Tzu-Yu , Chou Elizabeth P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAir pollution exposure has been linked to various diseases, including dementia. However, a novel method for investigating the associations between air pollution exposure and disease is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate whether long-term exposure to ambient particulate air pollution increases dementia risk using both the traditional Cox model approach and a novel machine learning (ML) with random forest (RF) method. We used health data from a national population-based cohort in Taiwan from 2000 to 2017. We collected the following ambient air pollution data from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA): fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and gaseous pollutants, including sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen oxide (NOx), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Spatiotemporal-estimated air quality data calculated based on a geostatistical approach, namely, the Bayesian maximum entropy method, were collected. Each subject's residential county and township were reviewed monthly and linked to air quality data based on the corresponding township and month of the year for each subject. The Cox model approach and the ML with RF method were used. Increasing the concentration of PM2.5 by one interquartile range (IQR) increased the risk of dementia by approximately 5% (HR = 1.05 with 95% CI = 1.04–1.05). The comparison of the performance of the extended Cox model approach with the RF method showed that the prediction accuracy was approximately 0.7 by the RF method, but the AUC was lower than that of the Cox model approach. This national cohort study over an 18-year period provides supporting evidence that long-term particulate air pollution exposure is associated with increased dementia risk in Taiwan. The ML with RF method appears to be an acceptable approach for exploring associations between air pollutant exposure and disease.
Estrogen enforces the integrity of blood vessels in the bone during pregnancy and menopause
Authors: Rodrigues Julia , Wang Yi-Fang , Singh Amit , Hendriks Michelle , Dharmalingam Gopuraja , Cohen-Solal Martine , Kusumbe Anjali P. , Ramasamy Saravana K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe mammalian skeletal system shows sex differences in structure, functions, aging and disease incidences. The role of blood vessels in physiological, regenerative and pathological bone functions indicates the requisite to understanding their sex specificity. In this study, we found that estrogen regulates blood vessel physiology during pregnancy and menopause through estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER1) but not ERβ-dependent signaling in mice. Estrogen regulates the lipid use of bone endothelial cells (BECs) and promotes lipolysis of adipocytes and fatty acid (FA) uptake from the microenvironment. Low estrogen conditions skew endothelial FA metabolism to accumulate lipid peroxides (LPOs), leading to vascular aging. High ferrous ion levels in female BECs intensify LPO accumulation and accelerate the aging process. Notably, inhibiting LPO generation using liproxstatin-1 in aged mice significantly improved bone heath. Thus, our findings demonstrate the effects of estrogen on BECs and suggest that LPO targeting could be an efficient strategy to manage blood and bone health in females.
Overexpression of RAB34 associates with tumor aggressiveness and immune infiltration in glioma
Authors: Hou Peng , Wan Quan , Wang Qing , Wu Xuechao , Lu Xiaojie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
RAB34 (RAB34, member RAS oncogene family) is aberrantly expressed in various cancers and exhibits oncogenic properties. However, its function in glioma remains largely unclear. In the present study, we collected 697 RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and 325 RNA-seq data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset. Bioinformatics and PCR analysis showed that RAB34 expression was positively related to the glioma tumor grade and predicted poor outcomes for glioma patients. Additionally, RAB34 expression was significantly up-regulated in classical and mesenchymal subtypes, and isolated diastolic hypertension wild-type gliomas. Moreover, RAB34 expression was remarkably correlated with inflammatory activities, immune infiltration, and immune checkpoints in glioma. In vitro experiments demonstrated that inhibition of RAB34 restrained the growth, migration, as well as invasion of glioma cells, and reversed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Our findings established RAB34 as a novel progression-related biomarker and a possible immunotherapy target for glioma.
A novel comprehensive energy management model for multi‐microgrids considering ancillary services
Authors: Veisi Mehdi , Adabi Farid , Kavousi‐Fard Abdollah , Karimi Mazaher 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a novel comprehensive multi‐layer power management system (PMS) along with its smart distribution network (SDN) constraints as bi‐level optimization to address the participation of multi‐microgrids (MMGs) in day‐ahead energy and ancillary services markets. In the first layer of the proposed model, optimal programming of MMG‐connected SDN is considered, in which Microgrids (MGs) participation in the markets is performed to bidirectionally coordinate sources and active loads along with the operator of MGs. In the second layer, the bidirectional coordination of operators of MGs and SDN, that is PMS, is executed in which energy loss, voltage security, and expected energy not‐supplied (EENS) are minimized as weighted sum functions. The problem of the difference between costs and revenues of MGs in markets is minimized subject to constraints of linearized AC‐power flow, reliability, security, and flexibility of the MGs. To obtain a single‐level model, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker method is applied, and a hybrid stochastic‐robust programming is implemented to model uncertainties associated with the load, renewable power, energy price, mobile storage energy demand, and network equipment accessibility. The contributions of this paper include the simultaneous modelling of several economic indicators, multi‐layer energy management modelling, and stochastic mixed modelling of uncertainties. The efficiency of this method is validated by simultaneously evaluating the optimum condition of technical and economic indices of several SDNs and MGs. Flexibility of 0.022 MW is obtained for the proposed scheme, which is close to zero (100% flexibility). The voltage security index is increased to 22 by the mentioned scheme, which is close to its normal value, that is, 24. The voltage deviation is below 0.07 p.u. Energy losses are reduced by about 30% compared with that in power flow studies, and the EENS reaches roughly 3 MWh, that is, close to zero (100% reliability).
Framework and operation of digital twin smart freeway
Authors: Fu Hui , Zhao Tuo , Chen Yanghang , Yao Yipeng , Leng Jiewu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSmart freeway is the newest form of next generation of freeway system which aims to achieve more sustainable objectives utilizing advanced information and communication technologies. Taking the advantages of digital twin on near‐real‐time interaction between the physical and cyber systems, the framework, operation, and enabled technologies of digital twin smart freeway (DTSF) are developed in this paper. A three‐layer conceptual framework is first discussed for understanding the fundamental structure, core components, and operation procedure of a DTSF system in the context of smart transportation. The key technologies of a DTSF system are also investigated, such as simulation modelling, big data analysis, intelligent prediction, and integrated freeway control. Moreover, a well‐designed case study based on Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) is provided to verify the efficiency of the proposed freeway control strategy by integrating perimeter control of upstream urban network and traffic regulation of freeway segments. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to investigate integrated freeway control under the framework of digital twin.
Modelling and control strategy of a distributed small‐scale low‐temperature geothermal power generation system
Authors: Zhili Tan , Dongjiao Zhu , Yong Liu , Feng Yuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt present, commercial geothermal power stations are mainly high‐temperature and medium‐temperature geothermal energy, while the large number of low‐temperature geothermal energy resources are rarely used for power generation applications. This paper proposes a new model for energy conversion in low‐temperature geothermal power systems. The basic structure and working principle of this new model are analysed, in detail, a low‐temperature geothermal model and a Stirling engine model for geothermal energy conversion are established, and the control strategies on the rotor and stator sides of the Stirling‐driven doubly‐fed generator are discussed. Finally, the simulation analysis is carried out, and its results show that the thermal conversion efficiency of Stirling’s engine can reach 38%, the output AC voltage of the power generation system reaches the set value 50Hz, 190V, and the DC bus voltage is constant at 300V, which verified the validity of the proposed power generation model and related control strategies. This system expands the range of available heat sources in geothermal power generation, makes geothermal power generation more flexible in terms of site selection, power generation capacity and control, and provides a new idea for geothermal power generation structure.
SARS-CoV-2-Infektion: Relevanz und Akzeptanz naturheilkundlicher Behandlungsverfahren
Authors: Helleiner Elke , Gündling Peter W. 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungNachdem die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie Menschen und Gesundheitssysteme seit mehr als zwei Jahren beschäftigt und deren Behandlung bisher nicht zu den gewünschten Erfolgen führte, wurde eine Online-Studie zur Relevanz und Akzeptanz komplementärmedizinischer Behandlungsmethoden bei dieser Erkrankung durchgeführt. Dabei zeigte sich, dass mehr als zwei Drittel der Studienteilnehmer komplementärmedizinisch behandelt wurden. Führend war hier die Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln, gefolgt von Phytotherapeutika und homöopathischen Präparaten. Die generelle Behandlungszufriedenheit dieser Patienten war signifikant höher als die der konventionell Behandelten.
Aryl Annulation: A Powerful Simplifying Retrosynthetic Disconnection
Authors: Boger Dale L. , Gillard Rachel M. , Zhang Jiajun , Steel Richard , Wang Jocelyn , Strull Jessica L. , Cai Bin , Chakraborty Nilanjana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRetrosynthetic deconstruction of a core aromatic ring is an especially simplifying retrosynthetic step, reducing the complexity of the precursor synthetic target. Moreover, when implemented to provide a penultimate intermediate, it enables late-stage divergent aryl introductions, permitting deep-seated core aryl modifications ordinarily accessible only by independent synthesis. Herein, we highlight the use of a ketone carbonyl group as the functionality to direct such late-stage divergent aryl introductions onto a penultimate intermediate with a projected application in the total synthesis of vinblastine and its presently inaccessible analogues containing indole replacements. Although the studies highlight this presently unconventional strategy with an especially challenging target in mind, the increase in molecular complexity (intricacy) established by the synthetic implementation of the powerful retrosynthetic disconnection, the use of a ketone as the precursor enabling functionality, and with adoption of either conventional or new wave (hetero)aromatic annulations combine to define a general and powerful strategy suited for widespread implementation with near limitless scope in target diversification.
One-Pot Enol Silane Formation–Allylation of Ketones Promoted by Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate
Authors: Downey C. Wade , Heafner Elizabeth D. , Lin Xuechun , Connors Alexa H. , Zhong Hanyu , Coyle R. Joseph , Liu Yiqi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractKetones and related substrate classes undergo enol silane formation in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) and triethylamine, reaction conditions that also promote the in situ ionization of allyl propionates. When these two processes are performed in one pot, allylation of the ketone is observed in high yields. Aldehydes, esters, and thioesters also serve as enol silane precursors under these conditions. When unsymmetrical allyl cations are employed, regioselectivity depends upon the electronic and steric properties of the substituents.
An Alternative to the Arbuzov Reaction: Generation and Transformation of α-Dialkyl-Substituted Methylphosphonate Carbanions via an SET Reduction Process
Authors: Zhang Li , Fang Yewen , Shi Jianxun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith B-alkyl Suzuki cross-coupling as the strategy, 1-alkyl-substituted ethenylphosphonates could be efficiently accessed via palladium­-catalyzed reactions of α-phosphonovinyl tosylates with B-alkyl-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (B-alkyl-9-BBN). Using the α-alkylethenylphosphonates as radical acceptors, visible-light-driven photocatalytic Giese-type and cyclopropanation reactions based on reductive radical-polar crossover have been successfully developed. The redox-neutral photocatalysis serves as a viable strategy for the preparation of various 1,1-dialkyl-substituted methylphosphonates and 1-alkylcyclopropylphosphonates.
Alterations of Thyroid Hormone Levels in Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Zhao Zhengqin , Su Min , Wang Dong , Ye Jing , Wang Xiao-na 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background The aim of this article was to study the thyroid hormone levels in children with intellectual disabilities and determine the relationship between the thyroid hormone levels and intellectual disability.
Methods Participants included 60 children with intellectual disabilities (the study group) and 56 without (the control group). Nuclear medicine in vitro analysis techniques were used in this study. All the controls and patients underwent in vitro analysis, and their serum levels of thyroid hormone, including thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxine (T4), free T4 (FT4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and free T3 (FT3), were tested.
Results The levels of FT4 were lower in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.001). The levels of FT3 were higher in the study group than in the control group (p = 0.003). The levels of TSH were higher in the study group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.363). The total T4 and total T3 levels were lower in the study group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.642, p = 0.124, respectively).
Conclusion The levels of thyroid hormones in the study group differed from the control group. The differences may not be clinically significant beyond their statistical significance. Thyroid hormone levels may affect intellectual disability in children.