bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations between Outside Temperature and Energy Consumption of Biogas Upgrading Plants
Authors: Meier Karlheinz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research was to prove or refute the existence of a correlation between outside temperature and the energy consumption of large biomethane injecting plants. To this end, data of four biomethane plants in Germany from March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2021 were gathered and correlated. To rule out different factors, the data were gathered as daily production sums and daily averages. It was found that no correlation exists and that this was consistent for all four plants.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes Using NFSI as Nitrogen Source
Authors: Sun Peng‐Wei , Zhang Ze , Wang Xinyao , Li Linshan , Li Yuxin , Li Zhengming 
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive SummaryCheap metal (Fe, Mn, and Co)‐catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes has been an attractive method for synthesis of amines because of biocompatibility of metal, excellent Markovnikov selectivity and chemoselectivity. However, most reports are limited to unsaturated nitrogen sources (nitric oxide, azos, azides, cyano, etc.), for which aminated products are very limited. Notably, while used widely for fluorinating reaction, N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as amine source for hydroamination has seldom been reported. Here we developed a cobalt‐catalyzed intermolecular hydroamination of unactivated alkenes using NFSI as nitrogen source under mild conditions. The reaction exhibits excellent chemo‐ and regio‐selectivity with no hydrofluorination or linear‐selectivity products. Notably, the reaction proceeded with excellent yield even though the amount of Co(salen) catalyst was reduced to 0.2 mol%. Recently, a similar work was also reported by Zhang and coworkers (ref. 19).
Configuration approach for personalized travel mashup
Authors: Boulakbech Marwa , Messai Nizar , Sam Yacine , Devogele Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNowadays, we live in an interconnected ecosystem of heterogeneous services which are available anytime and anywhere. Although these services can be used individually, their combined usage provides end‐users with real added value. Nevertheless, existing mashup solutions are not fully targeted to end‐users. Indeed, these solutions require technical knowledge to deal with the technological heterogeneity in which they are offered. The key limitation of current mashup solutions is their general‐purpose nature, which privileges expressive power over intuitiveness. As the reason for mashups was the desire of end‐users to build applications responding to their situational needs, we propose a domain‐specific mashup approach that “speaks the language of the user.” The article presents (1) a domain‐specific visual language that allows end‐users to easily build mashup‐based compositions, (2) a mashup schema which is a gateway between service implementations and end‐users, providing a high‐level description in order to hide technological issues when including services in composition; and (3) a configuration module that executes the travel mashup query and generates a personalized trip planning. The results of a user study confirm that domain‐specific mashup tools lower the entry barrier to mashup development.
A new Approach for the Voltammetric Sensing of the Phytoestrogen Genistein at a Non‐modified Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode
Authors: Barzani Hemn A. H. , Saadi Ali Hoshyar , Şahin Cihat , Kıran Musa , Yardım Yavuz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn effective electrochemical sensor was constructed using an unmodified boron‐doped diamond electrode for determination of genistein by square‐wave voltammetry. Cyclic voltammetric investigations of genistein with HClO4 solution indicated that irreversible behavior, adsorption‐controlled and well‐defined two oxidation peaks at about +0.92 (PA1) & +1.27 V (PA2). pH, as well as supporting electrolytes, are important in genistein oxidations. Quantification analyses of genistein were conducted using its two oxidation peaks. Using optimized experiments as well as instrumental conditions, the current response with genistein was proportionately linear in the concentrations range of 0.1 to 50.0 μg mL−1 (3.7×10−7−1.9×10−4 mol L−1), by the detection limit of 0.023 μg mL−1 (8.5×10−8 mol L−1) for PA1 and 0.028 μg mL−1 (1.1×10−7 mol L−1) for PA2 in 0.1 mol L−1 HClO4 solution (in the open circuit condition at 30 s accumulation time). Ultimately, the developed method was effectively applied to detect genistein in model human urine samples by using its second oxidation peak (PA2).
Intelligent electric vehicles charging coupled demand response of isolated microgrid
Authors: Niharika  , Mukherjee Vivekananda 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent times, the shrinkage of fossil fuel reserves and increase in greenhouse emissions have compelled to switch to suitable eco‐friendly solutions. Electric vehicles (EVs), being one such solution, have been the center of attraction for the industries as well as the researchers. This paper deals with the inclusion of plug‐in EVs (PEVs) in isolated microgrid (I‐MG). An intelligent demand‐side management approach has been proposed for co‐ordination of the power generation from distributed generators, battery energy storage systems (BESSs), and other forms of distributed energy resources (DERs) to fulfill the daily load demand as well as energy demand of EVs. Medium voltage I‐MG integrated with DERs, BESSs and PEVs has been used for the study and the analysis has been done to justify the need for smart charging of PEVs in an I‐MG. The proposed technique combines smart charging and demand response which simplifies the consumer’s concerns and provides a cost‐effective solution.
Biosimilar competition: Early learning
Authors: Frank Richard G. , Shahzad Mahnum , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Feldman William 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiologics accounted for roughly $145 billion in spending in 2018. They are also the fastest growing segment of the pharmaceutical industry. The Biological Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) of 2010 created an abbreviated pathway for biosimilar products to promote price competition in the market for biological drugs. There was great anticipation that the BPCIA would lead to a moderation in drug prices driven by market competition. The observed levels of competition and the accompanying savings have not reached those expected levels. We investigate the early impacts of biosimilar competition on the use and pricing of biological products. We focus especially on the ways in which altered market structures stemming from the implementation of the BPCIA have affected the prices for biological products subject to biosimilar competition. We do so by studying seven products that have recently faced biosimilar competition. We estimate fixed effects and Instrumental Variables models to estimate the impact of market competition on prices. Our results indicate that in the range of one to three entrants each additional marketed product results in a reduction in weighted average market prices of between 5.4% and 7% points. These are the result of a combination of reductions in originator prices and shifting in demand to biosimilar products.
T cells: Friends and foes in NASH pathogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Ramadori Pierluigi , Kam Shing , Heikenwalder Mathias 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In association with the pandemic spreading of obesity and metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of NAFLD‐related HCC is increasing almost exponentially. In recent years, many of the underlining multifactorial causes of NAFLD have been identified, and the cellular mechanisms sustaining disease development have been dissected up to the single‐cell level. However, there is still an urgent need to provide clinicians with more therapeutic targets, with particular attention on NAFLD‐induced HCC, where immune checkpoint inhibitors do not work as efficiently. Whereas much effort has been invested in elucidating the role of innate immune response in the hepatic NAFLD microenvironment, only in the past decade have novel critical roles been unraveled for T cells in driving chronic inflammation toward HCC. The metabolic and immune microenvironment interact to recreate a tumor‐promoting and immune‐suppressive terrain, responsible for resistance to anticancer therapy. In this article, we will review the specific functions of several T‐cell populations involved in NAFLD and NAFLD‐driven HCC. We will illustrate the cellular crosstalk with other immune cells, regulatory networks or stimulatory effects of these interactions, and role of the metabolic microenvironment in influencing immune cell functionality. Finally, we will present the pros and cons of the current therapeutic strategies against NAFLD‐related HCC and delineate possible novel approaches for the future.
Novel measures of Morris water maze performance that use vector field maps to assess accuracy, uncertainty, and intention of navigational searches
Authors: Meenakshi Prabod Kumar , Mehrotra Dhruv , Nruthyathi N. , Almeida‐Filho Daniel , Lee Yong‐Seok , Silva Alcino , Balaji J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMost commonly used behavioral measures for testing learning and memory in the Morris water maze (MWM) involve comparisons of an animal's residence time in different quadrants of the pool. Such measures are limited in their ability to test different aspects of the animal's performance. Here, we describe novel measures of performance in the MWM that use vector fields to capture the motion of mice as well as their search pattern in the maze. Using these vector fields, we develop quantitative measures of performance that are intuitive and more sensitive than classical measures. First, we describe search patterns in terms of vector field properties and use these properties to define three metrics of spatial memory namely Spatial Accuracy, Uncertainty and, Intensity of Search. We demonstrate the usefulness of these measures using four different data sets including comparisons between different strains of mice, an analysis of two mouse models of Noonan syndrome (NS; Ptpn11 D61G and Ptpn11 N308D/+), and a study of goal reversal training. Importantly, besides highlighting novel aspects of performance in this widely used spatial task, our measures were able to uncover previously undetected differences, including in an animal model of NS, which we rescued with the mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor SL327. Thus, our results show that our approach breaks down performance in the MWM into sensitive measurable independent components that highlight differences in spatial learning and memory in the MWM that were undetected by conventional measures.
More than memory: A qualitative analysis of carer‐reported psychosocial benefits of Memory Cafés
Authors: Protoolis Holly A. , Burton Jason , Riley Layla , Jancey Jonine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIssue addressedMemory Cafés are a psychosocial intervention that aims to provide socialisation and interpersonal support for those living with dementia and their carers. This study explores the Memory Café model and determines the impact of the peer‐to‐peer Memory Café model on the psychosocial well‐being of those living with dementia and their carers.MethodsParticipants were informal carers of those living with dementia, recruited from four Memory Café’s located in metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. Demographic information was collected from participants. Eleven semi‐structured interviews were conducted. The data were transcribed and analysed thematically.ResultsThe benefits of participation are described under four themes; sharing experiences and reduction of stigma, a place to feel joy and be yourself, a time to socialise and build friendships and improvements in life outside the Memory Café. The positive attributes of the Memory Cafés that contributed to the benefits were also identified. Concerns about Memory Cafés were limited to it becoming a carers‐only group.ConclusionsMemory Cafés contribute significantly to the psychosocial well‐being of carers of those living with dementia and provide a positive outlet for carers to build social networks and become active in their community. The effect on the psychosocial well‐being of those living with dementia may be more limited but is still described positively.So what?Dementia is a condition with significant impacts on carers and families. Successful peer‐based social interventions such as Memory Cafés can lead to further development of dementia‐friendly communities aimed at providing joy as well as support.
Magnetic, gas sensing properties, and structural parameters of barium–calcium hexaferrite synthesized by sol‐gel auto combustion method
Authors: Karimian Arezou , Kalantar Mahdi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSol‐gel combustion method has been used to obtain nano‐sized particles of barium–calcium hexaferrite Ba1−xCaxFe12O19 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). The dried gel samples were calcined at 950°C for 4.5 hr. The phase evaluation and microstructure of calcined samples were investigated by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. The result revealed the formation of barium–calcium hexaferrite phase with a small amount of hematite as a secondary phase. There is a variation of particle size from 20 to 500 nm and a combination of plates‐like hexagonal and spherical morphology of particles for synthesized samples. The measured magnetic properties of synthesized samples, using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), revealed that the sample synthesized with x = 0.4 exhibited the lowest level of magnetization saturation in comparison with others, which can be due to the heterogeneity of the structure and the presence of nonmagnetic phases such as BaFe2O4 and Fe2O3. The obtained results of sensory tests in acetone gas showed that the barium–calcium hexaferrite sample with x = 0.2 exhibits the highest sensitivity (S = 0.57) and shortest response time (tr = 20 s) under the conditions of 900 ppm of concentration and 300°C of temperature, although the recovery time is long.
ROS–NLRP3 signaling pathway induces sterile inflammation after thulium laser resection of the prostate
Authors: Wang Xing‐Jie , Ni Xiao‐Qing , Zhao Sheng , Zhao Rui‐Zhe , Wang Xiao‐Hai , Xia Shu‐Jie , Sun Xiao‐Wen , Zhuo Jian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe sterile inflammation (SI) of the urinary tract is a common problem requiring serious consideration after prostatectomy. This study mainly focuses on the role of the reactive oxygen species–NLR family, pyrin domain‐containing 3 (ROS–NLRP3) signaling pathway in SI after thulium laser resection of the prostate (TmLRP). Urinary cytokines were determined in patients who received TmLRP, and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was detected in the resected tissues. The involvement of ROS signaling in HSP70‐induced inflammation was explored in THP‐1 cells with or without N‐acetyl‐
l‐cysteine (NAC) pretreatment. The function of NLRP3 and Caspase‐1 was determined by Western blot analysis, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction. These phenomena and mechanisms were verified by the beagle models that received TmLRP. Clinical urine samples after TmLRP showed high expression of inflammatory factors and peaked 3–5 days after surgery. The high expression of HSP70 in the resected tissues was observed. After HSP70 stimulation, the expression of ROS, NLRP3, Caspase‐1, and interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) increased significantly and could be reduced by ROS inhibitor NAC. The expression of IL‐1β and IL‐18 could be inhibited by NLRP3 or Caspase‐1 inhibitors. In beagle models that received TmLRP, HSP70, NLRP3, Caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 were highly expressed in the wound tissue or urine, and could also be reduced by NAC pretreatment. Activation of the ROS–NLRP3 signaling pathway induces SI in the wound after prostatectomy. Inhibition of this pathway may be effective for clinical prevention and treatment of SI and related complications after prostatectomy.
The impact of the atrial wall thickness in normal/mild late‐gadolinium enhancement areas on atrial fibrillation rotors in persistent atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Nakamura Toshihiro , Kiuchi Kunihiko , Fukuzawa Koji , Takami Mitsuru , Watanabe Yoshiaki , Izawa Yu , Takemoto Makoto , Sakai Jun , Yatomi Atsusuke , Sonoda Yusuke , Takahara Hiroyuki , Nakasone Kazutaka , Yamamoto Kyoko , Suzuki Yuya , Tani Ken‐ichi , Negi Noriyuki , Kono Atsushi , Ashihara Takashi , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSome of atrial fibrillation (AF) drivers are found in normal/mild late‐gadolinium enhancement (LGE) areas, as well as moderate ones. The atrial wall thickness (AWT) has been reported to be important as a possible AF substrate. However, the AWT and degree of LGEs as an AF substrate has not been fully validated in humans.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the AWT in normal/mild LGE areas on AF drivers.MethodsA total of 287 segments in 15 persistent AF patients were assessed. AF drivers were defined as non‐passively activated areas (NPAs), where rotational activation was frequently observed, and were detected by the novel real‐time phase mapping (ExTRa Mapping), mild LGE areas were defined as areas with a volume ratio of the enhancement voxel of 0% to <10%. The AWT was defined as the minimum distance from the manually determined endocardium to the epicardial border on the LGE‐MRI.ResultsNPAs were found in 20 (18.0%) of 131 normal/mild LGE areas where AWT was significantly thicker than that in the passively activated areas (PAs) (2.5 ± 0.3 vs. 2.2 ± 0.3 mm, p < .001). However, NPAs were found in 41 (26.3%) of 156 moderate LGE areas where AWT was thinner than that of PAs (2.1 ± 0.2 mm vs. 2.23 ± 0.3 mm, p = .02). An ROC curve analysis yielded an optimal cutoff value of 2.2 mm for predicting the presence of an NPA in normal/mild LGE areas.ConclusionThe location of AF drivers in normal/mild LGE areas might be more accurately identified by evaluating AWT.
Body composition predictors of mortality in patients undergoing surgery for long bone metastases
Authors: Groot Olivier Q. , Bongers Michiel E.R. , Buckless Colleen G. , Twining Peter K. , Kapoor Neal D. , Janssen Stein J. , Schwab Joseph H. , Torriani Martin , Bredella Miriam A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBody composition measurements using computed tomography (CT) may serve as imaging biomarkers of survival in patients with and without cancer. This study assesses whether body composition measurements obtained on abdominal CTs are independently associated with 90‐day and 1‐year mortality in patients with long‐bone metastases undergoing surgery.MethodsThis single institutional retrospective study included 212 patients who had undergone surgery for long‐bone metastases and had a CT of the abdomen within 90 days before surgery. Quantification of cross‐sectional areas (CSA) and CT attenuation of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and paraspinous and abdominal muscles were performed at L4. Multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards analyses were performed.ResultsSarcopenia was independently associated with 90‐day mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–3.16; p = 0.019) and 1‐year mortality (HR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.02–2.19; p = 0.038) in multivariate analysis while controlling for clinical variables such as primary tumors, comorbidities, and chemotherapy. Abdominal fat CSAs and muscle attenuation were not associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe presence of sarcopenia assessed by CT is predictive of 90‐day and 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing surgery for long‐bone metastases. This body composition measurement can be used as novel imaging biomarker supplementing existing prognostic tools to optimize patient selection for surgery and improve shared decision making.
Identifying the mechanism of formation of chlorinated silane polymer by‐products during chemical vapor infiltration of SiC from CH3SiCl3/H2
Authors: Sato Noboru , Fukushima Yasuyuki , Shima Kohei , Funato Yuichi , Momose Takeshi , Koshi Mitsuo , Shimogaki Yukihiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolymerization by‐products with the formula (SiCl2)n or SinHxCl2n–x are accumulated at the reactor exhaust of SiC chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) from CH3SiCl3/H2, which occur as an explosive hazard. Thermodynamic constants of the chlorinated silane polymers (SiCl2)n and Cl(SiCl2)mCl (n ≤ 5, m ≤ 4) were obtained by quantum chemical calculations using the CBS‐QB3 method. Polymerization reaction pathways of SiCl2 to (SiCl2)n and Cl(SiCl2)mCl (n ≤ 3, m ≤ 3) were also determined using the CBS‐QB3 method, with higher accuracy than in previous reports. The thermodynamic and kinetic constants were incorporated into an existing elementary reaction model of CH3SiCl3 (methyltrichlorosilane; MTS) reacting with H2 to derive the UT2019 model. This enabled the decomposition of MTS into SiCl2 to be studied. Chemical equilibrium calculations and gas‐phase kinetic simulations were performed. The chemical equilibrium calculations revealed that the chlorinated silane polymers, which are explosive by‐products of CVI of SiC, are unstable in the gas phase at any temperature under reduced pressure conditions, suggesting that their formation could be inhibited by controlling the gas‐phase reactions. The gas‐phase kinetic simulations showed that by‐products with a polymerization degree of 3 are not produced above 400°C, but are rapidly produced in the gas phase below 400°C. These findings also apply to the chemical vapor deposition of Si from chlorinated silane precursors.
Profile of Injured Singers: Expectations and Insights
Authors: Childs Lesley F. , Rao Ashwin , Mau Ted 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo discover patterns of phonotraumatic lesions in singers and investigate factors that differentiate those who underwent surgery from those who did not. We hypothesized that 1) lesion type distribution differs by age, sex, singer classification (professional/amateur), and history of formal voice training; 2) the likelihood of surgery is associated with singer classification and voice training.Study DesignRetrospective.MethodsRetrospective review of 438 singers with phonotraumatic lesions over a 9‐year period. Lesion type distribution was analyzed with respect to sex, age, singer classification, and voice training. The association of eventual surgery with these factors was also analyzed.ResultsNodules accounted for over half of the cohort (58%), followed by pseudocysts (20%), polyps (14%), and cysts (4%). Nearly two of every three injured female singers, but fewer than one out of every three injured male singers, had nodules. In contrast, over half of the injured males had polyps, whereas only 6% of injured females had polyps. In females, polyps occurred at a later age, and in males, nodules occurred at a younger age compared to other lesion types. Only 14% of the total cohort eventually underwent surgery. Professional singers without formal voice training were almost eight times more likely to have undergone surgery than amateur singers with voice training.ConclusionsProfessional singers were more likely to undergo surgery than amateurs, and formal voice training was associated with a lower likelihood of surgery. The observation that polyps tended to occur in older women may have implications for the pathogenesis of vocal fold polyps.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:2180–2186, 2022