bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the S-matrix of Ising field theory in two dimensions
Authors: Gabai Barak , Yin Xi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We explore the analytic structure of the non-perturbative S-matrix in arguably the simplest family of massive non-integrable quantum field theories: the Ising field theory (IFT) in two dimensions, which may be viewed as the Ising CFT deformed by its two relevant operators, or equivalently, the scaling limit of the Ising model in a magnetic field. Our strategy is that of collider physics: we employ Hamiltonian truncation method (TFFSA) to extract the scattering phase of the lightest particles in the elastic regime, and combine it with S-matrix bootstrap methods based on unitarity and analyticity assumptions to determine the analytic continuation of the 2 → 2 S-matrix element to the complex s-plane. Focusing primarily on the “high temperature” regime in which the IFT interpolates between that of a weakly coupled massive fermion and the E8 affine Toda theory, we will numerically determine 3-particle amplitudes, follow the evolution of poles and certain resonances of the S-matrix, and exclude the possibility of unknown wide resonances up to reasonably high energies.
Schwinger, ltd: loop-tree duality in the parametric representation
Authors: Berghoff Marko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe derive a variant of the loop-tree duality for Feynman integrals in the Schwinger parametric representation. This is achieved by decomposing the integration domain into a disjoint union of cells, one for each spanning tree of the graph under consideration. Each of these cells is the total space of a fiber bundle with contractible fibers over a cube. Loop-tree duality emerges then as the result of first decomposing the integration domain, then integrating along the fibers of each fiber bundle.As a byproduct we obtain a new proof that the moduli space of graphs is homotopy equivalent to its spine. In addition, we outline a potential application to Kontsevich’s graph (co-)homology.
Structure and function of the N-terminal extension of the formin INF2
Authors: Labat-de-Hoz Leticia , Comas Laura , Rubio-Ramos Armando , Casares-Arias Javier , Fernández-Martín Laura , Pantoja-Uceda David , Martín M. Teresa , Kremer Leonor , Jiménez M. Angeles , Correas Isabel , Alonso Miguel A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn INF2—a formin linked to inherited renal and neurological disease in humans—the DID is preceded by a short N-terminal extension of unknown structure and function. INF2 activation is achieved by Ca2+-dependent association of calmodulin (CaM). Here, we show that the N-terminal extension of INF2 is organized into two α-helices, the first of which is necessary to maintain the perinuclear F-actin ring and normal cytosolic F-actin content. Biochemical assays indicated that this helix interacts directly with CaM and contains the sole CaM-binding site (CaMBS) detected in INF2. The residues W11, L14 and L18 of INF2, arranged as a 1-4-8 motif, were identified as the most important residues for the binding, W11 being the most critical of the three. This motif is conserved in vertebrate INF2 and in the human population. NMR and biochemical analyses revealed that CaM interacts directly through its C-terminal lobe with the INF2 CaMBS. Unlike control cells, INF2 KO cells lacked the perinuclear F-actin ring, had little cytosolic F-actin content, did not respond to increased Ca2+ concentrations by making more F-actin, and maintained the transcriptional cofactor MRTF predominantly in the cytoplasm. Whereas expression of intact INF2 restored all these defects, INF2 with inactivated CaMBS did not. Our study reveals the structure of the N-terminal extension, its interaction with Ca2+/CaM, and its function in INF2 activation.
Die Medizininformatik-Initiative und Seltene Erkrankungen: Routinedaten der nächsten Generation für Diagnose, Therapiewahl und Forschung
Authors: Schepers Josef , Fleck Julia , Schaaf Jannik 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungBei Menschen mit Seltenen Erkrankungen (SE) besteht ein besonderes Potenzial, von der Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen zu profitieren. Das Nationale Aktionsbündnis für Menschen mit Seltenen Erkrankungen (NAMSE) hat sich dafür eingesetzt, dass SE bei der Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens in Deutschland konkret berücksichtigt werden. In der Medizininformatik-Initiative (MII) des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) wurde das Thema aufgegriffen. Hier wird aktuell ausgehend von den Universitätskliniken eine digitale Infrastruktur für die datenschutzkonforme Mehrfachnutzung von standardisierten Versorgungs- und Forschungsdaten aufgebaut. Teil der Initiative ist seit dem Jahr 2020 das Projekt CORD-MI (Collaboration on Rare Diseases), in dem sich Universitätskliniken und weitere Partner deutschlandweit zusammengeschlossen haben, um die Patientenversorgung und die Forschung im Bereich der SE zu verbessern.In diesem Beitrag wird beleuchtet, in welcher Weise die MII die Belange der SE berücksichtigt und welche Chancen die gewonnenen „neuen Routinedaten“ bieten. Ein SE-Modul wurde in den „MII-Kerndatensatz“ aufgenommen – ein Informationsmodell, das auf dem Datenstandard „FHIR“ (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) basiert. Daten, die im Rahmen von Versorgungs- und Forschungsroutinen erhoben werden, können so zukünftig zwischen den beteiligten Einrichtungen ausgetauscht werden und im Bereich SE z. B. die Diagnosefindung, die Therapiewahl und Forschungsvorhaben unterstützen. Das Projekt CORD-MI hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, mit Hilfe exemplarischer Fragestellungen Erkenntnisse über die Versorgungssituation von Menschen mit SE zu erhalten und daraufhin Rückschlüsse für weitere notwendige Schritte im Bereich der Digitalisierung zu ziehen.
Rezidivierende SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen bei Immundefizienz
Authors: Tometten L. , Malin J. J. , Pracht E. , Bröckelmann P. J. , Horn C. , Sprute R. , Langhorst C. A. , Hallek M. , Fätkenheuer G. , Rybniker J. 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungEin Patient mit Immundefizienz im Rahmen eines B‑Zell-Lymphoms wurde seit Beginn der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie wiederholt positiv auf SARS-CoV‑2 getestet und zweimal stationär versorgt. Chronische und rezidivierende SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen gefährden die Gesundheit von Patientinnen und Patienten mit Immundefizienz. Insbesondere aufgrund neuer Virusvarianten mit Immune-escape-Mechanismen sind die Therapieoptionen eingeschränkt. Die Versorgung immundefizienter Patienten mit SARS-CoV-2-Infektion stellt behandelnde Ärztinnen und Ärzte in der aktuellen Pandemie vor große Herausforderungen.
Zero-voltage and frequency pattern selection for DC-link loss minimization in PWM-VSI drives
Authors: Schirmer Pascal A. , Glose Daniel , Ammann Ulrich 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe modulation of a voltage source inverter output causes losses and harmonic distortions on the load side and the DC-link capacitor due to the discrete switching of the semiconductors. High-frequent voltage pulses are digitally programmed to control the inverter output and determine the harmonic distortions. This paper presents an optimization in terms of pulse- and frequency-pattern selection for reducing load distortions while keeping DC-link losses minimal. In detail, the fact that pulse and frequency patterns are independent from each other is utilized and a modified three-zone hybrid space vector pulse-width modulation is proposed where optimal frequency patterns are selected for every carrier cycle. Simulations and experimental results validate the optimizations.
Role of Bacterial Community Composition as a Driver of the Small-Sized Phytoplankton Community Structure in a Productive Coastal System
Authors: Costas-Selas Cecilia , Martínez-García Sandra , Logares Ramiro , Hernández-Ruiz Marta , Teira Eva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present here the first detailed description of the seasonal patterns in bacterial community composition (BCC) in shelf waters off the Ría de Vigo (Spain), based on monthly samplings during 2 years. Moreover, we studied the relationship between bacterial and small-sized eukaryotic community composition to identify potential biotic interactions among components of these two communities. Bacterial operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness and diversity systematically peaked in autumn–winter, likely related to low resource availability during this period. BCC showed seasonal and vertical patterns, with Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae families dominating in surface waters, and SAR11 clade dominating at the base of the photic zone (30 m depth). BCC variability was significantly explained by environmental variables (e.g., temperature of water, solar radiation, or dissolved organic matter). Interestingly, a strong and significant correlation was found between BCC and small-sized eukaryotic community composition (ECC), which suggests that biotic interactions may play a major role as structuring factors of the microbial plankton in this productive area. In addition, co-occurrence network analyses revealed strong and significant, mostly positive, associations between bacteria and small-sized phytoplankton. Positive associations likely result from mutualistic relationships (e.g., between Dinophyceae and Rhodobacteraceae), while some negative correlations suggest antagonistic interactions (e.g., between Pseudo-nitzchia sp. and SAR11). These results support the key role of biotic interactions as structuring factors of the small-sized eukaryotic community, mostly driven by positive associations between small-sized phytoplankton and bacteria.
The influence of a transport process on the epidemic threshold
Authors: Kuehn Christian , Mölter Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBy generating transient encounters between individuals beyond their immediate social environment, transport can have a profound impact on the spreading of an epidemic. In this work, we consider epidemic dynamics in the presence of the transport process that gives rise to a multiplex network model. In addition to a static layer, the (multiplex) epidemic network consists of a second dynamic layer in which any two individuals are connected for the time they occupy the same site during a random walk they perform on a separate transport network. We develop a mean-field description of the stochastic network model and study the influence the transport process has on the epidemic threshold. We show that any transport process generally lowers the epidemic threshold because of the additional connections it generates. In contrast, considering also random walks of fractional order that in some sense are a more realistic model of human mobility, we find that these non-local transport dynamics raise the epidemic threshold in comparison to a classical local random walk. We also test our model on a realistic transport network (the Munich U-Bahn network), and carefully compare mean-field solutions with stochastic trajectories in a range of scenarios.
Acute feeding with almonds compared to a carbohydrate-based snack improves appetite-regulating hormones with no effect on self-reported appetite sensations: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Carter Sharayah , Hill Alison M. , Buckley Jonathan D. , Tan Sze-Yen , Rogers Geraint B. , Coates Alison M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Early satiety has been identified as one of the mechanisms that may explain the beneficial effects of nuts for reducing obesity. This study compared postprandial changes in appetite-regulating hormones and self-reported appetite ratings after consuming almonds (AL, 15% of energy requirement) or an isocaloric carbohydrate-rich snack bar (SB).

Methods
This is a sub-analysis of baseline assessments of a larger parallel-arm randomised controlled trial in overweight and obese (Body Mass Index 27.5–34.9 kg/m2) adults (25–65 years). After an overnight fast, 140 participants consumed a randomly allocated snack (AL [n = 68] or SB [n = 72]). Appetite-regulating hormones and self-reported appetite sensations, measured using visual analogue scales, were assessed immediately before snack food consumption, and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min following snack consumption. A sub-set of participants (AL, n = 49; SB, n = 48) then consumed a meal challenge buffet ad libitum to assess subsequent energy intake. An additional appetite rating assessment was administered post buffet at 150 min.

Results
Postprandial C-peptide area under the curve (AUC) response was 47% smaller with AL compared to SB (p < 0.001). Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide AUC responses were larger with AL compared to SB (18%, p = 0.005; 39% p < 0.001; 45% p < 0.001 respectively). Cholecystokinin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1, leptin and polypeptide YY AUCs were not different between groups. Self-reported appetite ratings and energy intake following the buffet did not differ between groups.

Conclusion
More favourable appetite-regulating hormone responses to AL did not translate into better self-reported appetite or reduced short-term energy consumption. Future studies should investigate implications for longer term appetite regulation.

ANZCTR Reference Number
ACTRN12618001861246 2018.
Reliability analysis of successive Corvis ST® measurements in keratoconus 2 years after accelerated corneal crosslinking compared to untreated keratoconus corneas
Authors: Xanthopoulou Kassandra , Seitz Berthold , Belin Michael W. , Flockerzi Elias 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the reliability of successive Corvis ST® measurements (CST, Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) in keratoconus (KC) ≥ 2 years after accelerated corneal crosslinking (9 mW/cm2, 10 min, 5.4 J/cm2) compared to untreated KC corneas.

Methods
Three successive CST measurements per eye were performed in ≥ 2 years after CXL (CXLG, n = 20 corneas of 16 patients) and a control group consisting of non-operated, ABC-stage-matched KC corneas according to Belin’s ABCD KC grading (controls, n = 20 corneas, 20 patients). Main outcome measures included maximal keratometry (Kmax), the Belin/Ambrósio-Enhanced-Ectasia-Deviation-Index BAD-D; the biomechanical parameters A1 velocity, deformation amplitude (DA) ratio 2 mm, Ambrósio relational thickness to the horizontal profile (ARTh), integrated radius, stiffness parameter A1 (SP-A1), and the Corvis Biomechanical Factor (CBiF, the linearized term of the Corvis Biomechanical Index). Mean values, standard deviations, and Cronbach’s alpha (CA) were calculated.

Results
Both groups were tomographically comparable (BAD: 11.5 ± 4.7|11.2 ± 3.6, p = 0.682, Kmax: 60.5 ± 7.2|60.7 ± 7.7, p = 0.868 for controls|CXLG, paired t-test). A1 velocity (mean ± SD: 0.176 ± 0.02|0.183 ± 0.02, p = 0.090, CA: 0.960|0.960), DA ratio 2 mm (6.04 ± 1.13|6.14 ± 1.03, p = 0.490, CA: 0.967|0.967), integrated radius (12.08 ± 2.5|12.42 ± 1.9, p = 0.450, CA: 0.976|0.976), and CBiF (4.62 ± 0.6|4.62 ± 0.4, p = 0.830, CA: 0.965|0.965) were also comparable (controls|CXLG). ARTh was significantly higher in controls (177.1 ± 59, CA: 0.993) than after CXL (155.21 ± 65, p = 0.0062, CA: 0.993) and SP-A1 was significantly higher after CXL (59.2 ± 13, CA: 0.912) than in controls (52.2 ± 16, p = 0.0018, CA: 0.912).

Conclusion
ARTh and SP-A1 differed significantly between controls and CXLG. Biomechanical measurements were generally of excellent reliability in both groups. CXL seems to affect biomechanical measurements of human corneas over more than 2 years.
Exploration of motion inhibition for the suppression of false positives in biologically inspired small target detection algorithms from a moving platform
Authors: Melville-Smith Aaron , Finn Anthony , Uzair Muhammad , Brinkworth Russell S. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDetecting small moving targets against a cluttered background in visual data is a challenging task. The main problems include spatio-temporal target contrast enhancement, background suppression and accurate target segmentation. When targets are at great distances from a non-stationary camera, the difficulty of these challenges increases. In such cases the moving camera can introduce large spatial changes between frames which may cause issues in temporal algorithms; furthermore targets can approach a single pixel, thereby affecting spatial methods. Previous literature has shown that biologically inspired methods, based on the vision systems of insects, are robust to such conditions. It has also been shown that the use of divisive optic-flow inhibition with these methods enhances the detectability of small targets. However, the location within the visual pathway the inhibition should be applied was ambiguous. In this paper, we investigated the tunings of some of the optic-flow filters and use of a nonlinear transform on the optic-flow signal to modify motion responses for the purpose of suppressing false positives and enhancing small target detection. Additionally, we looked at multiple locations within the biologically inspired vision (BIV) algorithm where inhibition could further enhance detection performance, and look at driving the nonlinear transform with a global motion estimate. To get a better understanding of how the BIV algorithm performs, we compared to other state-of-the-art target detection algorithms, and look at how their performance can be enhanced with the optic-flow inhibition. Our explicit use of the nonlinear inhibition allows for the incorporation of a wider dynamic range of inhibiting signals, along with spatio-temporal filter refinement, which further increases target-background discrimination in the presence of camera motion. Extensive experiments shows that our proposed approach achieves an improvement of 25% over linearly conditioned inhibition schemes and 2.33 times the detection performance of the BIV model without inhibition. Moreover, our approach achieves between 10 and 104 times better detection performance compared to any conventional state-of-the-art moving object detection algorithm applied to the same, highly cluttered and moving scenes. Applying the nonlinear inhibition to other algorithms showed that their performance can be increased by up to 22 times. These findings show that the application of optic-flow- based signal suppression should be applied to enhance target detection from moving platforms. Furthermore, they indicate where best to look for evidence of such signals within the insect brain.
Psychoanalytische Erkundungen der Gesellschaft
Authors: Brunner Markus , Knasmüller Florian , König Julia 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie psychoanalytische Erkundung gesellschaftlicher Phänomene beginnt bereits mit Freuds kulturtheoretischen Schriften. In diesem Artikel zeichnen wir nach, wie an Freud anschließende kritische Denker:innen die Psychoanalyse für Gesellschaftsanalysen produktiv zu machen suchten, und entwickeln davon ausgehend Konturen einer psychoanalytisch orientierten Sozialforschung, die nicht nur psychoanalytische Erkenntnisse „anwendet“, sondern der gesellschaftlichen Hervorbringung innerpsychischer Konflikte nachspürt. Wir gehen dann auf Alfred Lorenzers Methodologie und Methode der Tiefenhermeneutischen Kulturanalyse ein und geben aus dieser theoretischen Perspektive einen Einblick in aktuelle Forschungen zu den Coronaprotesten.
Optimization-based investigation of different repurposing concepts for Austrian coal-fired power plants
Authors: Kienberger Thomas , Traupmann Anna , Cvetkovska Roberta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEven though the current war in Ukraine has led to a short-time renaissance of coal-fired power plants, the age of coal-based power generation is about to end. Nevertheless, the coal-fired power plants no longer needed for their original purpose are still valuable assets. In this paper, we consider three technological approaches for repurposing them: gas-to-power (operation of combined cycle gas turbine plants), power-to-gas (operation of electrolysis plants for feeding hydrogen into the gas grid), and a combination of the two technologies mentioned above. Our aim is to find optimal operating modes in terms of profit for the three approaches. For this, we use a mixed-integer linear multi-variable optimization model and time-resolved price forecasts for electricity and gas for 2030 and 2040. Our results show that, also in future energy systems, gas-to-power plants allow for economic benefits: In times of district heat demand, they operate in the spot market and profit from dual revenues. Balance and ancillary markets allow for additional revenues from the capacity provision. Power-to-gas plants do not show the same good economic performance. However, they allow for an economically sound operation and gain most of their profits in the spot market. Compared to the others, combined plants do not offer economic advantages. In our paper, we also investigate the currently high energy price situation. It allows for payback periods of power-to-gas plants as anticipated for 2040. For this reason, long-term high prices may accelerate the deployment of such future technologies.
Case–control study of the correlation between the five times sit to stand and 6-min walk distance in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nakashima Yuki , Iwaki Daisuke , Kawae Toshihiro , Fudeyasu Kenichi , Uemura Kenichiro , Kimura Hiroaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cases of pancreatic cancer are increasing, and the risk of developing this disease reportedly increases with age. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of reports on physical function in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods such as the 6-min walk distance (6 MWD) should be established to evaluate physical function, as a decline in exercise capacity is an important index in these patients. Recently, the 6 MWD has also been used to evaluate physical function in patients with pancreatic cancer. In healthy older adults, a decrease in 6 MWD is reportedly associated with intrinsic capacity and health status. Such factors make assessing 6 MWD important. However, the measurement of 6 MWD requires a sizable measurement environment. The five times sit to stand (FTSTS) test is a simple method that can be performed using a chair. FTSTS is hypothesized to be a useful assessment scale in patients with pancreatic cancer because it is easy to estimate the decline in physical function in clinical practice if the decline in 6 MWD can be estimated by evaluating FTSTS. The study’s purpose was to clarify this hypothesis and ascertain the cutoff required to determine the decrease in 6 MWD in clinical practice.

Methods
Sixty consecutive patients with preoperative pancreatic cancer who were assessed for physical function were studied. 6 MWD (< 400 m) was the objective variable, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed, with age, BMI, sex, FTSTS, and HGS as explanatory variables. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for the explanatory variables, which were found to be significant based on logistic regression analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was also calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were evaluated. This study was approved by Hiroshima University Hospital’s ethics committee (approval number: E808-1).

Results
Fifty-seven of the 60 patients were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that FTSTS was a significant explanatory variable; ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.872 and a cutoff value of 8.98 s. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 82.4%, 80.0%, 63.6%, and 91.4%, respectively.

Conclusions
A decrease in 6 MWD in preoperative pancreatic cancer patients can be identified by performing FTSTS.