bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handling Delayed or Missed Dose of Antiepileptic Drugs: A Model-Informed Individual Remedial Dosing
Authors: Li Zi-ran , Wang Chen-yu , Lin Wei-wei , Chen Yue-ting , Liu Xiao-qin , Jiao Zheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Antiepileptic drugs are the major treatment modality for patients with epilepsy. Delayed or missed doses are common during long-term or lifelong anti-epilepsy treatment. This study aims to explore optimal individualized remedial dosing regimens for delayed or missed doses of nine commonly used antiepileptic drugs.
Methods
Monte Carlo simulation based on previously published population pharmacokinetic models was employed to explore remedial regimens of carbamazepine, clobazam, eslicarbazepine acetate, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, topiramate, and valproic acid. Six remedial strategies for delayed or missed doses were investigated. The deviation time outside the individual therapeutic range was used to evaluate each remedial regimen. The influences of patients’ demographics, concomitant medication, and scheduled dosing intervals on remedial regimens were assessed. RxODE and Shiny in R were employed to perform Monte Carlo simulation and recommend individual remedial regimens.
Results
The recommended remedial regimens were highly correlated to delayed time, scheduled dosing interval, and half-life of the antiepileptic drug. Moreover, the recommended remedial regimens for pediatric and adult patients were different. The renal function, along with concomitant medication that affect the clearance of the antiepileptic drug, may also influence the remedial regimens. A web-based dashboard was developed to provide optimal individualized remedial regimens for nonadherent patients, and a user-defined module with all parameters that could be defined flexibly by the user was built.
Discussion
Monte Carlo simulation based on population pharmacokinetic models may provide a rational approach to propose remedial regimens for delayed or missed doses of antiepileptic drugs.
FitDepth: Fast and lite 16bits depth image compression algorithm
Authors: DAmato Juan Pablo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article presents a fast parallel lossless technique and a lossy image compression technique for 16-bit single-channel images. Nowadays, such techniques are “a must” in robotics and other areas where several depth cameras are used. Since many of these algorithms need to be run in lowprofile hardware, the should be very fast and customizable. As depth images represent surfaces, the idea is to split the image into a set of polynomial functions that each describes a part of the surface. The algorithm herein proposed can achieve similar —or better— compression rate and specially high speed rates than existing techniques. It has the potential of being fully parallelizable and running on many cores. This feature makes it specially useful for handling and streaming multiple cameras. The algorithm is assessed in different situations and hardware. Its implementation is rather simple and is carried out with LIDAR captured images. Therefore, this work is accompanied by an open implementation in C++.
Rapid Detection of Goat Milk Mixed with Bovine Milk and Infant Goat Milk Formulas Mixed with Bovine Whey Powder by NIRS Fingerprints
Authors: HE Yongji , ZENG Wanjun , ZHAO Yuxuan , ZHU Xinpeng , WAN Hongchang , ZHANG Meng , LI Zhicheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The fingerprints of goat milk and infant goat milk formulas were established based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In addition, the fingerprint-based principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify infant goat milk formulas at different stages, whether goat milk was mixed with bovine milk, and whether goat milk formulas were mixed with desalted bovine whey powder. The results showed that there were six and nine characteristics of common maximum absorption intensity in goat milk and infant goat milk formulas, respectively. Among them, the NIR wavenumbers corresponding to the characteristic maximum absorption intensity of goat milk are: 10270.95, 8612.31, 8334.77, 6914.12, 5539.54, and 5202.52cm− 1, and the NIR wavenumbers corresponding to the characteristic maximum absorption intensity of infant goat milk formulas are: 8262.08, 6795.08, 6352.36, 5790.64, 5684.91, 5162.87, 4753.17, 4368.86, 4257.56 cm− 1. The method of combining NIRS and PCA was used to identify Stage 1, 2, and 3 of infant goat milk formulas. The use of the method combining NIRS and PCA enabled the discrimination of Stage 1, 2, and 3 of infant goat milk formulas. It was able to effectively identify adulterated desalted bovine whey powder from desalted goat whey powder and adulterated bovine milk from goat milk. The results suggested that different stages of infant goat milk formulas and goat milk and its infant formulas adulteration could be differentiated by NIRS combined with PCA, which provided convincing evidence for the identification and brand protection of goat milk and infant goat milk formulas.
Boron deficiency-induced changes in the subcellular composition and anatomical structure of petiole rings hinder nutrient transport in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: Li Mingfeng , Zhang wei , Zhao zhuqing , Liu Xinwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and aims The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental defects of cell walls and vessels at the ring sites of cotton petioles and thereby understand the effects of petiole rings on nutrient transport in cotton. Methods Boric acid was applied as basal fertilizer in boron-deficient cotton field to verify the relationship between boron concentration and ring formation on cotton petioles. Petiole samples were taken from boron-deficient cotton plants to analyze the differences in cell wall properties and anatomical structure between the ring and non-ring sites. Results Under boron deficiency stress, chloroplasts were deformed and slightly disintegrated at the ring sites of the petioles. The cell walls within the rings were irregularly thickened by 44.1%, while their mechanical strength was markedly reduced by 38.9% compared to those of the non-ring sites. There were also changes in the hydrogen bonding within carbohydrates and proteins and the structure of pectins along with cellulose accumulation in the cell walls at the ring sites. A large number of tiny vessels were formed in the petiole rings, resulting in the squeezing and rupture of vessels. Boron, magnesium, and manganese concentrations in various parts of the petioles varied substantially in the order of lower part > middle part > upper part. Conclusions Boron application reduces the probability of ring formation on the petioles of cotton. The cell walls and vessels are destructed at the ring sites of the petioles, which impairs their mechanical support and mineral nutrient transport functions in boron-deficient cotton.
Comparison of physicochemical properties of different millet starch varieties
Authors: xu shu , Han Li-Quan , Cao Jing-Jing , Zhang Li , Wang Ya-Li , Zhang meiping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to determine the physicochemical properties of starches from different cereal cultivars. In this study, 21 different cereal Cultivars were selected to investigate the starch granule morphology and the physicochemical characteristics such as starch content, solubility, swelling, transparency, and thermal characteristic. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the morphology of starch granules among the different cereal cultivars. The amylose, amylopectin, and total starch contents of the 21 portions of cereal ranged from 7.49% to 15.89%, 57.11% to 72.63%, and 67.44% to 81.77%, respectively. The ratio of amylose and amylopectin contents ranged from 11.82% to 25.24%. P1-8 had the highest solubility, XG2 had the highest swelling, and YG had the lowest solubility and swelling. The starting, peak, and termination temperatures were higher for QM gelatinization, whereas the temperature and enthalpy of phase change required for gelatinization of CN0302 were lower. Highlighting the differences in the physicochemical properties of starch from different cereal cultivars should help point toward effective applications of cereal starch in the food industry.
A novel scheme of optical readout based on thermo-optical cavity coupled plasmonic scattering for infrared detection
Authors: Lai Jianjun , Zhang Xunong , Lu Bingyu , Chen Changhong , Huang Lirong , Zhong Sicheng , Wang Chaoming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A novel scheme of optical readout based on thermo-optic cavity coupled plasmonic scattering for infrared imaging sensor is proposed to lessen the complex and bulky of existed systems using reflective or diffractive optical readout schemes. This new scheme readouts thermally-modulated back-scattering visible light signals of metallic nanostructures under large angle dark field illumination. Numerical simulation is employed to reveal the mechanisms of large temperature sensitivity and low angular sensitivity of scattering,which is attributed to the thermal-optic effects of Fabry-Perot (F-P) microcavity coupled with local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) generated from metallic nanostructures. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by preliminary experiments and optical measurements. Thermal-optic modulated scattering spectra have been obtained for 3.39 μm infrared illumination and a temperature sensitivity of 0.24 nm/°C for 605~640 nm band has been reached.
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease: Retrospective Clinical and Genetic Study in Mexico
Authors: VICUÑA ANA KAREN PEÑAFIEL , Yamazaki-Nakashimada MARCO , León-Lara Ximena , FLORES ELIZABETH MENDIETA , NUÑEZ MARÍA ENRIQUETA NUÑEZ , LONA-REYES JUAN CARLOS , NIETO LETICIA HERNADEZ , VÀZQUEZ MARÍA GUADALUPE RAMÍREZ , SANTOS JOEL BARROSO , IÑIGUEZ ALVARO LÓPEZ , GONZÁLEZ YOLANDA , TORRES MARTHA , FERNANDEZ JOSÉ LUIS LEZANA , Román-Montes CARLA M , MEDINA-TORRES EDGAR ALEJANDRO , SERRANO EDITH GONZÁLEZ , OGANDO JUAN CARLOS BUSTAMANTE , REYES SAUL LUGO , MARTÍNEZ OSCAR ZAVALETA , BOONE AIDÉ TAMARA SATINES , MONTOYA EDNA VENEGAS , GOMEZ NANCY EVELYN AGUILAR , SOUDEÉ CAMILLE , JOUANGUY EMMANUELLE , PUEL ANNE , Boisson-Dupuis Stéphanie , SÁNCHEZ SIFREDO PEDRAZA , CASANOVA JEAN LAURENT , ROSALES FRANCISCO ESPINOSA , Padilla SARA Espinosa- , Bustamante Jacinta , Blancas-Galicia Lizbeth 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare genetic disorder with impaired immunity against intracellular pathogens, such as mycobacteria, attenuated Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains, and environmental mycobacteria, in otherwise healthy individuals. In Mexico, the estimated incidence of tuberculosis in 2019 was 23 cases/100,000 people. BCG vaccination is mandatory in Mexico. PURPOSE. To review the clinical, immunological, and genetic characteristics of MSMD patients followed in ten hospitals across Mexico. METHODS. This retrospective study describes the clinical, immunological, and genetic characteristics of patients in Mexico diagnosed with MSMD from 2006 to 2021. RESULTS. Twenty-two patients from 17 kindreds were diagnosed with MSMD. Fourteen were male (64%) and eight were female. After BCG vaccination, 12 patients (70%) developed BCG infections. Six (22%) developed infections caused by Salmonella, and 11 (50%) developed infections caused by fungi, particularly Histoplasma. Thirteen different pathogenic variants were identified in IL12RB1 (n = 13), IFNGR1 (n = 3), and IFNGR2 (n = 1). Seven of the 22 patients died; the main cause was disseminated BCG infection. CONCLUSION. Interleukin-12Rβ1 deficiency was the main cause of MSMD in the Mexican cohort. The main etiologic agent responsible for morbidity and mortality was BCG.
Investigating public awareness, prevailing attitudes and perceptions towards domestic violence and abuse: a qualitative study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Sivarajasingam Vasumathy , Webber Iman , Alaa Aos , El-Osta Austen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundReported Domestic Violence and Abuse (DVA) cases have increased since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing lockdown. Understanding the general public’s view about DVA is vital, as it would help develop targeted interventions and effective public policies to tackle DVA. We investigated public awareness, attitudes and perceptions towards DVA, and explored mechanisms to tackle DVA in the community setting.Methods In-depth personal interviews were conducted with 29 participants who responded to study invitations and adverts on social media. A topic guide was used to ensure consistency across the interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically to detect emergent themes concerning DVA. Results All respondents were aware of the concept of abuse. Thirty-eight percent declared either having experienced DVA directly or that they knew someone close to being abused. More than half of the respondents were not aware of existing DVA supportive services in the UK. Overarching themes generated from the contextual analysis included contributing factors for DVA, challenges and barriers facing victims and proposals for future interventions. ConclusionsThe public has a broad understanding of the impacts of DVA. Simultaneously, the public fail to recognise specific instances or events in their daily lives. Raising public awareness, particularly in children through the school curriculum, highlighting existing support services and introducing the routine use of short screening tools for DVA in primary care can increase awareness, early identification and effective interventions. Sustained, multi-level community facing interventions are recommended to reduce stigma and fear associated with DVA.
Evaluation of storm surge hazard along the mainland coast of China
Authors: fu xiang , Jingming Hou , Qiuuxing Liu , Mingjie Li , Sendong Liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A storm surge hazard indicator was developed based on the storm surge index and high-water index. Based on this indicator, the storm surge hazard along the Chinese mainland coast was evaluated. Storm surges were simulated by the GPU-based high-resolution 2-D hydrodynamic operational storm surge model, driven by ERA5 reanalysis data. High waters were calculated from coastal warning water. The results show that the storm surge hazard of more than 80% of the mainland coast are moderate and low. The coast with a high-level storm surge hazard was distributed at the top area of Hangzhou Bay, in the Pearl River Estuary, along the eastern coast of the Leizhou Peninsula and in the coastal area of Guangxi Province, representing less than 20% of the total coast. In future work, different sea level rise scenarios will be considered in this indicator and method.
Diversity of High-Risk and Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Oncogenated in ENT Tumors in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kandé Ali , Ilboudo Maïmouna , Ouermi Djénéba , Zohoncon Théodora Mahoukèdè , Traoré Esther Mah Alima , Traoré Ina Marie Angèle , Djigma Florencia W. , Gyebre Yvette Marie Chantal , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Simpore Jacques 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus is involved in several forms of tumors of the cervix, anal canal, vulva and vagina as well as ear, nose and throat (ENT). Among ENT tumors, there is a subgroup associated with oncogenic and non-oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Low-risk HPVs (LR-HPV) are most often associated with benign infections such as laryngeal papillomatosis, nasal and oral papilloma and high risk HPVs (HR-HPV) are linked to ENT cancers. The objective of this study was to characterize by real-time PCR the low-risk and high-risk oncogenic HPVs involved in histologically confirmed ENT tumors in Ouagadougou.
Methods
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of archived tissues (175 blocks) obtained over the past ten years (2007–2017) in the cyto-pathology anatomy laboratories of Yalgado University Hospital, Shiphra Clinic, Sandof Clinic and Philadelphia Clinic in Burkina Faso. HPV DNA was extracted from tissue blocks by xylene and analyzed by real-time multiplex PCR at CERBA/LABIOGENE, Ouagadougou.
Results
Of the fourteen HR-HPV genotypes tested, nine were identified. The prevalence of HPV infection was 37.7% (66/175). HR-HPV was 25.76% (17/66), LR-HPV (6 and 11) 54.55% (36/66) and co-infection 19.7% (13/66). The most common genotypes were HPV56 (47%, 8/17) and HPV33 (17%. 3/17) for HR-HPV and HPV6 (55%) for LR-HPV.
Conclusions
The results show the involvement of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in ENT tumors with and relatively high HPV prevalence. Hence the need to ensure population-specific HPV vaccination coverage for effective management.
Preoperative dose-dense docetaxel and cyclophosphamide alternating with epirubicin and cisplatin(ddDCEP): an effective, novel way of incorporating platinum in the treatment of early TNBC
Authors: Singh Ashish , Georgy Josh Thomas , John Ajoy Oommen , Thumaty Divya Bala , Joel Anjana , Sharma Parth , Andrews Anand George , Patole Shalom , Rebekah Grace , Sigamani Elanthenral , Manipadam Marie Therese , Cherian Anish Jacob , Abraham Deepak Thomas , Paul Mazhuvanchary Jacob , Balakrishnan Rajesh , Sebastian Patricia , Backianathan Selvamani , Chacko Raju Titus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Carboplatin-containing treatment regimens in early TNBC have shown improved pCR(pathological complete response) and better EFS(event-free survival) but at the expense of increased toxicity, often leading to compromised delivery of planned treatment. We aimed to evaluate a novel alternating regimen to incorporate platinum in early TNBC.
Methods
We analyzed the data of women with early TNBC who were treated with four cycles each of docetaxel(D;75 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide(C;600 mg/m2) alternating with cisplatin(P;60 mg/m2) and epirubicin(E;90 mg/m2) (ddDCEP) given every two weeks over a duration of 16 weeks. Pathological complete response was the primary endpoint assessed, along with treatment delivery, adverse events, and survival.
Results
A total of 116 women with stage I-III TNBC received neoadjuvant ddDCEP. Pathological complete response(pCR) defined as no residual invasive cancer in both breast(T0/Tis) and axilla(N0), was observed in 55.2% of all evaluable patients. The proportion of pCR in stage I/II disease was 62.2%, and stage III was 49.5%. 37.9% of patients developed grade 3 anaemia. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 16.3%, and febrile neutropenia in 4.3% of patients. 86% of patients completed all 8 cycles of chemotherapy, and 98% at least 6 out of 8 cycles. 12% of patients required a dose reduction of taxane, 13% for epirubicin, and 19% for platinum. The proportion of patients requiring dose reduction and the average total dose reduction was significantly higher in the pCR compared to the no pCR group for cisplatin and epirubicin. At 2 years of median follow-up, the recurrence-free survival was 91.2%, and overall survival was 97%.
Conclusion
In non-metastatic TNBC, treatment with ddDCEP as neoadjuvant therapy resulted in a high pCR(55.2%) proportion allowing good delivery of all planned therapy with manageable toxicity.
Effect of prepropeptide replacement on γ-carboxylation and activity of recombinant coagulation factor IX
Authors: Vatandoost Jafar , Bos Mettine H.A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Based on observations indicating that γ-carboxylase enzyme has lesser affinity for propeptide of protein C (PC) and a higher net charge of γ-carboxylase region in PC propeptide, expression of recombinant chimeric Factor IX (FIX) equipped with PC propeptide was studied. The prepropeptide of FIX was replaced with PC by SOEing PCR and after cloning, recombinant pMT-prepro PC/FIX were transfected into the insect Drosophila S2 cells. The expression and activity of the active hFIX were analyzed by performing ELISA and coagulation test during 72 h of post-induction with copper ion. The results showed the higher secretion and activity level with an average of 1.2 and 1.6-fold, respectively, for chimeric prepro- PC/FIX construct in relation to normal FIX. Furthermore, after being precipitated with barium citrate, the evaluation of fully γ-carboxylated FIX indicated that more than 51% of the total FIX produced with the PC prepropeptide was fully γ-carboxylated, represents a substantial improvement (2 fold) over a system employing the native FIX propeptide, by which 25% of the protein is fully γ-carboxylated. The data illustrated that the expression of FIX using the PC propeptide led to much higher fully γ-carboxylated material, which is preferred to FIX constructs tolerating the sequence for the native FIX propeptide expressed in heterologous S2 systems.
Efficacy and safety of fenofibrate addition therapy in patients with decompensated primary biliary cholangitis refractory to UDCA
Authors: Ding Dawei , Liu Yansheng , Zheng Linhua , Jia Gui , Deng Juan , Sun Ruiqing , Wang Xiufang , Zhou Xia , Zhang Miao , Ren Pengwei , Guo Guanya , Shang Yulong , Han Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background and aims There is no data regarding the efficacy and safety of fibrates in patients with decompensated liver disease associated with PBC, as published studies have systematically excluded this population. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of UDCA in combination with fenofibrate in patients with decompensated liver disease related to UDCA-refractory PBC. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing the clinical results of additional fenofibrate (FF) therapy and continued UDCA monotherapy in decompensated patients refractory to UDCA. Results Total of 63 patients included: 32 cases underwent UDCA monotherapy and 31 cases underwent UDCA combined with FF therapy. Among UDCA-refractory patients with decompensated cirrhosis, FF add-on therapy for 60 months significantly improved the Mayo risk score, the Globe risk score and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) normalization rate. Parallel changes in liver transplant-free survival, the UK-PBC risk score and surrogate serum indices of liver fibrosis were consistent with this effect. During follow-up, serum ALP, aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase decreased significantly, while total bilirubin, albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate, APRI index, FIB-4 index and Forns index remained stable in FF-treated cases. Only the Globe risk score, not ALP normalization, was independently and negatively associated with improved outcomes on multivariable analysis (odds ratio, 2.934; confidence interval, 1.046-8.235; p = 0.041). No significant adverse effects associated with FF-related symptoms or nephrotoxicity were observed in our cohort. However, decompensated cirrhosis with deteriorated cholestasis should be considered as potential limiting factors for FF therapy. Conclusions Additional FF therapy clearly improves the Mayo risk score, the Globe risk score and the ALP normalization rate in patients with decompensated liver disease related to UDCA-refractory PBC. However, the survival rate was not significantly different between the groups. Decompensated cirrhosis with deteriorated cholestasis should be considered as potential limiting factors for FF therapy.