bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival, harvest, and population size of Rio Grande wild turkeys in Texas
Authors: Buckley Byron R. , Hardin Jason B. , Chamberlain Michael J. , Collier Bret A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUse of band recovery data combined with estimates of hunter harvests provides a foundation for estimation of abundance and population trajectory for a variety of wildlife species. We banded 3,141 Rio Grande wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) during 2015–2021 and used band‐recovery data to assess annual survival and harvest, and to generate population estimates for male Rio Grande wild turkeys in Texas, USA. Our results indicated male recovery rate was age‐specific (adult = 0.095 ± 0.010 [SE]; juvenile = 0.036 ± 0.009) and adult and juvenile male annual survival was 0.49 ± 0.04 and 0.96 ± 0.14, respectively. Annual survival for adult females (0.68 ± 0.02) was lower than for juvenile females (0.98 ± 0.01). Female recovery rates were not different between fall and spring (0.017 ± 0.004; 0.013 ± 0.003, respectively) and combined harvest rate was 0.009 ± 0.006. Male population estimates, based on hunter harvest estimates, exhibited considerable temporal variation, ranging from 328,185 ± 66,313 in 2016 to 136,700 ± 27,621 in 2020. Using harvest average over the 7‐year study period, we estimated average male abundance was 228,709 ± 46,213. Female population estimates ranged from 895,556 ± 635,146 in 2016 to 409,889 ± 290,702 in 2020. We estimated an average female population of 561,578 ± 396,507. Researchers and managers should continue banding Rio Grande wild turkeys to assess long‐term trends and conduct additional work to confirm the accuracy of harvest estimates in Texas.
Phosphoproteomics of extracellular vesicles integrated with multiomics analysis reveals novel kinase networks for lung cancer
Authors: Qiao Zhi , Kong Yan , Zhang Yan , Qian Liqiang , Wang Zeyuan , Guan Xin , Lu Hui , Xiao Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhosphorylation regulates the functions of proteins and aberrant phosphorylation often leads to a variety of diseases, including cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important messengers in the microenvironment and their proteome contributes to cancer genesis and metastasis, while the kinases that driving EVs proteins' phosphorylation are less known. Clinical tissue samples from 13 patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were utilized to isolate cancer EVs and adjacent normal EVs. Through quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis, 2473 phosphorylation sites on 1567 proteins were successfully identified and quantified. Accordingly, 152 kinases were identified, and 25 of them were differentially expressed. Based on Tied Diffusion through Interacting Events (TieDIE) algorithm, we integrated genomic and transcriptomic data sets of NSCLC from TCGA with our phosphoproteome data set to construct signaling networks. Through database integration and multiomics enrichment analysis, a compact network of 234 nodes with 1599 edges was constructed, which consisted of 34 transcription factors, 33 kinases, 63 aberrant genes, and 172 linking proteins. Rarely studied phosphorylation sites were specifically enriched. Key phosphoproteins of network nodes were validated in patients' EVs, including MAPK6S189, IKBKES172, SRCY530, CDK7S164, and CDK1T14. These networks depict intrinsic signal‐regulation derived from EVs' phosphoproteins, providing a comprehensive and pathway‐based strategy for in‐depth lung cancer research.
Long‐term impact of psychological factors and social interactions on obesity of female nationals in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Kim Sehjeong , Kim So‐Yeun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlong with rapid economic growth, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has undergone enormous sociocultural changes. Consequently, sociocultural and psychological factors, along with malnutrition and physical inactivity, have contributed to the high obesity rate. The objective of this study is to assess the long‐term impact of these new emerging factors on obesity among women in the UAE via mathematical modeling.MethodsA differential equation model was developed considering psychological/social factors in population dynamics. It predicts the long‐term prevalence of obesity among women in the UAE under these factors by 2070. Computer simulations and a sensitivity analysis of the model were conducted to measure the impact of these factors on obesity.ResultsThe model predicts the following: 80.07% of female UAE nationals will become overweight or have obesity and 60.19% will have obesity by 2070, and the population with abnormal eating behavior will increase to 15% by 2070. Psychological/social factors aggravate the obesity problems and can cause abnormal eating behavior to develop with little effect on weight reduction.ConclusionsThe obesity rate of female UAE nationals will continue to rise by 2070. Rising abnormal eating behavior caused by psychological/social factors is an emerging issue and should be recognized as a sign of escalating obesity problems in the UAE.
Two cases with cleft lip and palate of improvement palatalized articulations by performing dentition expansion in the deciduous dentition stage
Authors: Fujii Nami , Nohara Kanji , Tanaka Nobukazu , Sugiyama Chihiro , Sakai Takayoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPalatalized articulation (PA), which is a common occurrence in children who have undergone cleft lip and palate surgery, is thought to be influenced by palate morphology. To help patients acquire normal articulation, it is better to improve the palate morphology earlier.Case PresentationIn these two cases, dentition expansion was performed during the deciduous dentition stage and resulted in improved articulatory performance.ConclusionDuring speech therapy for PA, if the patient still produces incorrect sounds even after their abnormal tongue dorsum raising has eliminated, it is important to investigate the possibility of improving articulation through improving the palate morphology.
Design, synthesis, characterization and insecticidal screening of novel anthranilic diamides comprising acyl thiourea substructure
Authors: Kavyasri Dhanekula , Sundharesan Munusamy , Mathew Nisha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMosquito‐borne pathogens constitute a major health problem worldwide. The extermination of the mosquito remains a significant issue in public health. Chemical insecticides have been used to control mosquitoes for decades. However, resistance has become a limiting factor for their control. The anthranilic diamide insecticides possess excellent insecticidal activities against Lepidoptera and its resistant strains by draining internal calcium stores on activating insect ryanodine receptors. However, the reports on the effect on mosquitoes are scarce and hence a series of novel anthranilic diamides comprising acyl thiourea substructure were synthesized and their insecticidal activities against three vector mosquito larvae namely, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi were evaluated as per WHO protocol. Also investigated the morphological observations of treated larvae.ResultsNovel anthranilic diamides containing an acyl thiourea substructure were synthesized and structures were established by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS). Mosquito larvicidal activity of the title compounds 6‐a–s revealed that compound 6‐l exhibited marked larvicidal activities against C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti 3rd instar larvae with median lethal concentrations (LC50) values of 0.0044 mm and 0.0070 mm, respectively, for 48 hours of treatment. Compound 6‐g exhibited larvicidal activity against An. stephensi with LC50 value of 0.0085 mm. Peculiar morphological alterations in the body of the treated larvae leading to death were observed on microscopic examination.ConclusionNovel anthranilic diamides containing an acyl thiourea substructure were designed, synthesized and characterized. Their bioassay results demonstrated significant mosquito larvicidal activity with striking morphological alterations in the body, which should ensure forthcoming designs of highly active diamide derivatives as mosquito larvicides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Novel 1,3,4‐oxadiazole sulfonate/carboxylate flavonoid derivatives: synthesis and biological activity
Authors: Peng Feng , Liu Tingting , Zhu Yunying , Liu Fang , Cao Xiao , Wang Qifan , Liu Liwei , Xue Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the long‐term use of traditional bactericides and antiviral agents, drug resistance has become increasingly prominent, resulting in impaired crop growth and yields. Based on this, the introduction of small molecular active groups into natural products has become the direction of research for green pesticides.ResultsIn this study, novel 1,3,4‐oxadiazole sulfonate/carboxylate flavonoid derivatives were explored. Among them, D4 exhibited good inhibitory effects on plant bacteria. It is worth mentioning that D4 (15 μg ml−1) exhibited an excellent median effective concentration (EC50) value against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which was better than bismerthiazol (73 μg ml−1) and thiodiazole copper (100 μg ml−1). The EC50 for D4 was much lower than the two positive controls (bismerthiazol, thiodiazole copper), making D4 more potent in this assay of bacterial growth inhibition. In addition, mechanism research using scanning electron microscopy revealed that D4 could cause deformation or rupture of the cell membranes of Xoo and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. Moreover, D4 exhibited the best EC50 for in vivo curative (132 μg ml−1) and protective (101 μg ml−1) activities against tobacco mosaic virus, which were more effective than ningnanmycin. Microscale thermophoresis data suggested that D4 [dissociation constant (Kd) = 0.038 ± 0.011 μmol L−1] exhibited a stronger binding capacity than the control agent ningnanmycin (Kd = 4.707 ± 2.176 μmol L−1).ConclusionThe biological activity data and mode of action demonstrated that D4 had the best antibacterial and antiviral effects. Compound D4 discovered in the current work may be a very promising agricultural drug. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Carbon injection to support in‐situ smoldering remediation
Authors: Wilton Gillian M. , Gerhard Jason I. , Major David W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of anthropogenic contaminants that are receiving increasing concern due to their associated negative health effects. The properties of PFAS result in their persistence and stability, which present challenges for remediation. Activated carbon is currently the most widely used method for PFAS treatment since carbon microparticle injection can be used for in‐situ treatment; however, this method does not result in PFAS destruction. Thermal treatment is a promising posttreatment method that can be used with activated carbon as long as sufficient PFAS‐destroying temperatures are achieved (>900°C). A promising in‐situ thermal treatment technology is Self‐Sustaining Treatment for Active Remediation (STAR), which uses smoldering combustion to destroy organic contaminants embedded within a porous matrix. This study investigates carbon injection to support STAR for the treatment of PFAS. Four solutions were used (1) 17% colloidal activated carbon (CAC); (2) 23% CAC; (3) 17% powdered activated carbon (PAC); and, (4) 23% PAC. Smoldering temperatures greater than the required PFAS destruction temperature were reached if 50 g carbon/kg sand was achieved for injection and soil‐mixing delivery methods. Moreover, emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) was a successful secondary surrogate fuel to enhance smoldering temperatures when supplied at a quantity less than or equal to carbon microparticles. These findings present the necessary intermediate laboratory work to evaluate methods that will achieve PFAS treatment through STAR when applied in the field.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron and its current known unknowns: A narrative review
Authors: Le Trang Thi Bich , Vasanthakumaran Tamilarasy , Thi Hien Hau Nguyen , Hung I‐Chun , Luu Mai Ngoc , Khan Zeeshan Ali , An Nguyen Thanh , Tran Van Phu , Lee Wei Jun , Abdul Aziz Jeza Muhamad , Ali Tasnim , Dumre Shyam Prakash , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe emergence of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has created great global distress. This variant of concern shows multiple sublineages, importantly B.1.1.529.1 (BA.1), BA.1 + R346K (BA.1.1), and B.1.1.529.2 (BA.2), each with unique properties. However, little is known about this new variant, specifically its sub‐variants. A narrative review was conducted to summarise the latest findings on transmissibility, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and efficacy of current vaccines and treatments. Omicron has shown two times higher transmission rates than Delta and above ten times more infectious than other variants over a similar period. With more than 30 mutations in the spike protein's receptor‐binding domain, there is reduced detection by conventional RT‐PCR and rapid antigen tests. Moreover, the two‐dose vaccine effectiveness against Delta and Omicron variants was found to be approximately 21%, suggesting an urgent need for a booster dose to prevent the possibility of breakthrough infections. However, the current vaccines remain highly efficacious against severe disease, hospitalisation, and mortality. Japanese preliminary lab data elucidated that the Omicron sublineage BA.2 shows a higher illness severity than BA.1. To date, the clinical management of Omicron remains unchanged, except for monoclonal antibodies. Thus far, only Bebtelovimab could sufficiently treat all three sub‐variants of Omicron. Further studies are warranted to understand the complexity of Omicron and its sub‐variants. Such research is necessary to improve the management and prevention of Omicron infection.
Bottom‐Up Templated and Oriented Crystallization for Inverted Triple‐Cation Perovskite Solar Cells with Stabilized Nickel‐Oxide Interface
Authors: Wang Jianli , Zhang Zhanfei , Liang Jianghu , Zheng Yiting , Wu Xueyun , Tian Congcong , Huang Ying , Zhou Zhuang , Yang Yajuan , Sun Anxin , Chen Zhenhua , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInverted‐structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are known for their superior device stability. However, based on nickel‐oxide (NiOx) substrate, disordered crystallization and bottom interface instability of perovskite film are still the main factors that compromise the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. Here, 2D perovskite of thiomorpholine 1,1‐dioxide lead iodide (Td2PbI4) is introduced as a template to prepare 3D perovskite thin film with high crystal orientation and large grain size via a bottom‐up growth method. By adding TdCl to the precursor solution, pre‐crystallized 2D Td2PbI4 seeds can accumulate at the bottom interface, lowering the barrier of nucleation, and templating the growth of 3D perovskite films with improved (100) orientation and reduced defects during crystallization. In addition, 2D Td2PbI4 at the bottom interface also hinders the interfacial redox reaction and reduces the hole extraction barrier on the buried interface. Based on this, the Td‐0.5 PSC achieves a PCE of 22.09% and an open‐circuit voltage of 1.16 V. Moreover, Td‐0.5 PSCs show extremely high stability, which retains 84% of its initial PCE after 500 h of continuous illumination under maximum power point operating conditions in N2 atmosphere. This work paves the way for performance improvement of inverted PSCs on NiOx substrate.
Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction over Co Nanoparticles Embedded N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes Electrocatalyst with Zn as an Accelerant
Authors: Cao Qing , Cheng Zhaoyang , Dai Jiajun , Sun Tianxiao , Li Guixiang , Zhao Lili , Yu Jiayuan , Zhou Weijia , Lin Jianjian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rational design for transition metals‐based carbon nano‐materials as efficient electrocatalysts still remains a crucial challenge for economical electrochemical hydrogen production. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as attractive electrocatalysts are typically activated by non‐metal dopant to promote catalytic performance. Metals doping or metal/non‐metal co‐doping of CNTs, however, are rarely explored. Herein, this work rationally designs bimetal oxide templates of ZnCo2O4 for heterogeneously doping Zn and N into Co nanoparticles embedded carbon nanotubes (Co@Zn‐N‐CNTs). During the formation of CNTs, Zn atoms volatilize from ZnCo2O4 and in situ dope into the carbon skeleton. In particular, owing to the low electronegativity of Zn, the electrons aptly transfer from Zn to carbon atoms, which generate a high electron density for the carbon layers and offer more preponderant catalytic sites for hydrogen reduction. The Co@Zn‐N‐CNTs catalyst exhibits enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction activity in 0.5 m H2SO4 electrolyte, with a low onset potential of −20 mV versus RHE at 1 mA cm−2, an overpotential of 67 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 52.1 mV dec−1, and persistent long‐term stability. This study provides brand‐new insights into the utilization of Zn as electronic regulator and activity promoter toward the design of high‐efficiency electrocatalysts.
Regulating surface electron structure of PtNi nanoalloy via boron doping for high‐current‐density Li‐O2 batteries with low overpotential and long‐life cyclability
Authors: Ding Yajun , Huang Yuanchao , Li Yuejiao , Zhang Tao , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe realization of high‐efficiency, reversible, stable, and safe Li‐O2 batteries is severely hindered by the large overpotential and side reactions, especially at high rate conditions. Therefore, rational design of cathode catalysts with high activity and stability is crucial to overcome the terrible issues at high current density. Herein, we report a surface engineering strategy to adjust the surface electron structure of boron (B)‐doped PtNi nanoalloy on carbon nanotubes (PtNiB@CNTs) as an efficient bifunctional cathodic catalyst for high‐rate and long‐life Li‐O2 batteries. Notably, the Li‐O2 batteries assembled with as‐prepared PtNiB@CNT catalyst exhibit ultrahigh discharge capacity of 20510 mA·h/g and extremely low overpotential of 0.48 V at a high current density of 1000 mA/g, both of which outperform the most reported Pt‐based catalysts recently. Meanwhile, our Li‐O2 batteries offer excellent rate capability and ultra‐long cycling life of up to 210 cycles at 1000 mA/g under a fixed capacity of 1000 mA·h/g, which is two times longer than those of Pt@CNTs and PtNi@CNTs. Furthermore, it is revealed that surface engineering of PtNi nanoalloy via B doping can efficiently tailor the electron structure of nanoalloy and optimize the adsorption of oxygen species, consequently delivering excellent Li‐O2 battery performance. Therefore, this strategy of regulating the nanoalloy by doping nonmetallic elements will pave an avenue for the design of high‐performance catalysts for metal‐oxygen batteries.
Immune‐checkpoint inhibitor therapy response evaluation using oncophysics‐based mathematical models
Authors: Syed Mustafa , Cagely Matthew , Dogra Prashant , Hollmer Lauren , Butner Joseph D. , Cristini Vittorio , Koay Eugene J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe field of oncology has transformed with the advent of immunotherapies. The standard of care for multiple cancers now includes novel drugs that target key checkpoints that function to modulate immune responses, enabling the patient's immune system to elicit an effective anti‐tumor response. While these immune‐based approaches can have dramatic effects in terms of significantly reducing tumor burden and prolonging survival for patients, the therapeutic approach remains active only in a minority of patients and is often not durable. Multiple biological investigations have identified key markers that predict response to the most common form of immunotherapy—immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). These biomarkers help enrich patients for ICI but are not 100% predictive. Understanding the complex interactions of these biomarkers with other pathways and factors that lead to ICI resistance remains a major goal. Principles of oncophysics—the idea that cancer can be described as a multiscale physical aberration—have shown promise in recent years in terms of capturing the essence of the complexities of ICI interactions. Here, we review the biological knowledge of mechanisms of ICI action and how these are incorporated into modern oncophysics‐based mathematical models. Building on the success of oncophysics‐based mathematical models may help to discover new, rational methods to engineer immunotherapy for patients in the future.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Immune dysregulation and RNA N6‐methyladenosine modification in sepsis
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Zhang Xiaoting , Su Hao , Zeng Judeng , Chan Hung , Li Qing , Liu Xiaodong , Zhang Lin , Wu William Ka Kei , Chan Matthew Tak Vai , Chen Huarong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSepsis is defined as life‐threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host immune dysregulation to infection. It is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. The host immune response to sepsis can be divided into hyper‐inflammatory and immune‐suppressive phases which could exist simultaneously. In the initial stage, systemic immune response is activated after exposure to pathogens. Both innate and adaptive immune cells undergo epigenomic, transcriptomic, and functional reprogramming, resulting in systemic and persistent inflammatory responses. Following the hyper‐inflammatory phase, the body is in a state of continuous immunosuppression, which is related to immune cell apoptosis, metabolic failure, and epigenetic reprogramming. Immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to secondary infections in patients with sepsis. RNA N6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) has been recognized as an indispensable epitranscriptomic modification involved in both physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies suggest that m6A could reprogram both innate and adaptive immune cells through posttranscriptional regulation of RNA metabolism. Dysregulated m6A modifications contribute to the pathogenesis of immune‐related diseases. In this review, we summarize immune cell changes and the potential role of m6A modification in sepsis.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
125Te NMR study of the bulk of topological insulators Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3
Authors: Nachtigal Jakob , Chong Shen V. , Williams Grant V. M. , Isaeva Anna , Oeckler Oliver , Haase Jürgen , Guehne Robin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe narrow band gap semiconductors Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 are well known for their room temperature thermoelectric performance. Recently, they were shown to serve as model systems of three‐dimensional topological insulators with a bulk band gap and very robust, spin‐resolved surface states due to a special band inversion in their periodic bulk. Evidently, it is of interest to investigate the special surface states with a local probe like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, especially the bulk NMR of these materials shows peculiar and rather unexpected phenomena, e. g., a magnetic field induced deformation of the local charge symmetry and excessive line broadening due to a special internuclear coupling. Here we report a comprehensive account of the room temperature NMR properties of the spin‐1/2 nucleus 125Te of single crystalline Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3. This includes a very unusual spin‐lattice relaxation that seems not to be reflected in the NMR shift, as well as an exchange enhanced NMR line broadening.