bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐dose aspirin use in the first trimester of pregnancy and odds of congenital anomalies: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Garza‐Galvan Maria E. , Ferrigno Ana S. , Campos‐Zamora Melissa , Bain Paul A. , Easter Sarah Rae , Kim Jimin , Figueras Francesc , Farber Michaela K. , Lumbreras‐Marquez Mario I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDaily low‐dose aspirin (LDA) is recommended in high‐risk pregnancies. However, its safety profile in the first trimester has not been well documented.ObjectivesTo determine if LDA exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with higher odds of congenital structural anomalies.Search StrategyPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched.Selection CriteriaRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assigned participants to LDA (≤150 mg) or placebo/no intervention at less than 14 weeks of pregnancy were eligible.Data Collection and AnalysisRandom‐effects models were performed using the inverse‐variance method to calculate pooled effect sizes. Quality of evidence was appraised according to Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria.Main ResultsEight RCTs that included 7564 participants assigned to receive daily LDA and 7670 participants that served as controls were analyzed. Low‐certainty evidence showed no significant difference in the odds of congenital anomalies (odds ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.62–1.23, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsIn this meta‐analysis, there is no evidence to suggest safety concerns regarding LDA teratogenicity. However, given the overall low quality of evidence, further research (e.g. individual participant data meta‐analysis) is needed to confirm LDA safety profile.
COVID‐19 vaccine and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Carbone Luigi , Trinchillo Maria Giuseppina , Di Girolamo Raffaella , Raffone Antonio , Saccone Gabriele , Iorio Giuseppe Gabriele , Gabrielli Olimpia , Maruotti Giuseppe Maria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore perinatal outcomes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐vaccinated pregnant women compared with unvaccinated counterparts.MethodsSearch was conducted using Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrial.gov, MEDLINE, Embase, OVID, and Cochrane Library as electronic databases. We included observational studies evaluating pregnant women undergoing SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and compared pregnancy and perinatal outcomes with those in unvaccinated women. Categorical variables were assessed using odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), whereas for continuous variables, the results were expressed as mean difference with their 95% CI. All analyses were performed by adopting the random effect model of DerSimonian and Laird.ResultsThere was no difference in the probability of having a small‐for‐gestational‐age fetus (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.85–1.09; P = 0.570), but we observed a reduced probability of a non‐reassuring fetal monitoring, a reduced gestational age at delivery, and a reduced probability of premature delivery in vaccinated pregnant women versus unvaccinated ones.ConclusionThe probability of small for gestational age is similar between vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women, and the former also had a slightly reduced rate of premature delivery.
Risk factors analysis of recurrent disease after treatment with a loop electrosurgical excision procedure for high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Ding Ting , Li Lin , Duan Ruiqi , Chen Yun , Yang Bowen , Xi Mingrong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the risk factors of recurrent high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with histopathologically confirmed CIN2/3 who underwent LEEP in 2015–2020. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of recurrence.ResultsRecurrent CIN2+ was found in 268 patients after LEEP (268/4369, recurrence rate, 6.1%). High‐risk (hr‐) HPV infection (hazard ratio [HR] 12.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.78–18.79), margin status (HR 6.48, 95% CI 4.75–8.84), baseline diagnosis (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.08–1.95), smoking (HR 3.17, 95% CI 2.27–4.43), and immunosuppression (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.33–2.91) were significant independent risk factors of recurrence. HPV16 (HR 3.61, 95% CI 2.43–5.37), HPV33 (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.12–6.12), and HPV52 (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.02–2.55) infection showed a higher risk of recurrence. High‐risk HPV had the highest accuracy (sensitivity 88.5%; negative predictive values 98.7%) in predicting recurrence compared with liquid‐based cytology test and margins.ConclusionGiven that positive margins present a higher risk, wide excision may be required to avoid residual lesions. More attention should be paid to the correlation between recurrence and hr‐HPV genotypes. After treatment for high‐grade CIN, HPV‐based testing is recommended at 6 months. Timely identification of high‐risk factors enables risk stratification, and enables individual management or individual follow‐up and recall strategies.
COVID‐19 vaccination uptake among pregnant individuals in a middle‐income setting
Authors: Rodriguez‐Sibaja Maria J. , Acevedo‐Gallegos Sandra , Campos‐Zamora Melissa , Arce‐Padilla Ligia G. , Hernandez‐Reguero Jose L. , Lumbreras‐Marquez Mario I. 
Published: July 2022

SynopsisOverall rate of COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy was strikingly low in this middle‐income setting. Vaccine uptake was more likely among individuals with high‐risk pregnancies.
CXCL9 Predicts the Risk of Osteoporotic Hip Fracture in a Prospective Cohort of Chinese Men—A Matched Case–Control Study
Authors: Phan Quang Tien , Chua Kevin Yiqiang , Jin Aizhen , Winkler Christoph , Koh Woon-Puay 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent experimental work has identified CXCL9 as a promoter for the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors into osteoclasts, with resultant bone resorption. However, no human study has validated an association between this chemokine and osteoporosis or fracture risk. We conducted a matched case–control study nested in the prospective, population-based Singapore Chinese Health Study. Fifty-five men and 119 women with incident hip fractures, occurring median 6.2 years after blood collection, were matched individually to controls by age at recruitment, sex, and duration of blood storage. Serum chemokines, CXCL9 and CXCL10, were measured using immunoassays. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models that included age at blood collection, body mass index, smoking, and diabetes as covariates were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association with hip fracture risk. Predictive utility of chemokine for hip fracture risk was examined by comparing area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) between prognostic models with and without the chemokine. Increasing CXCL9 levels were associated with increasing hip fracture risk in men but not in women (pinteraction = 0.002); comparing extreme quartiles, the OR (95% CI) in the highest quartile was 10.35 (1.90–56.39) in men (ptrend = 0.002) but 1.46 (0.59–3.60) in women (ptrend = 0.32). Adding CXCL9 to a prognostic model that already incorporated age and other risk factors improved the AUC (95% CI) from 0.65 (0.55–0.76) to 0.74 (0.65–0.83) for the predictive utility of hip fractures in men but not in women. Conversely, the association between CXCL10 and hip fracture risk was not statistically significant in either sex. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Quality of life, functional impairment and continuous performance task event‐related potentials (ERPs) in young adults with ADHD and autism: A twin study
Authors: Aydin Ümit , Capp Simone J. , Tye Charlotte , Colvert Emma , Lau‐Zhu Alex , Rijsdijk Frühling , Palmer Jason , McLoughlin Gráinne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundYoung adulthood is a key developmental period for understanding outcomes of childhood onset attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism. Measurement of functional impairment and quality of life (QoL) can provide important information on the real‐life challenges associated with these conditions. Event‐related potential (ERP) measures from the continuous performance task (CPT) have long been identified as altered in ADHD and autism but the role of these functions in the aetiological pathway to the disorders and associated impact on quality of life in young adulthood is unknown.MethodWe investigated the relationships between ADHD and autism, functional impairment, quality of life, and ERP measures from the cued CPT (CPT‐OX) in a young adult twin sample (566 participants aged 22.43 ± 0.96 years old).ResultsWe observed significant phenotypic correlations between ADHD/autism and lower quality of life with specific genetic overlap between ADHD and physical health, psychological, and environmental aspects. We found significant phenotypic and genetic correlations between ADHD and functional impairment in all domains, as well as between autism and impairment in social functioning and lower impairment in risk‐taking. Both ADHD and autism were associated with attenuated amplitude of inhibitory and proactive control ERPs, with large genetic contributions to the overlap. We also found significant phenotypic correlations between these ERP measures and Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS) and QoL.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate the phenotypic and genetic relationships between ADHD and autism, functional impairment, quality of life and ERP measures in young adulthood. Our findings could represent a step towards identifying ERP measures that are related to behaviour in the absence of overt symptoms.
Structure‐guided preparation of fuctional oil rich in 1,3‐diacylglycerols and linoleic acid from Camellia oil by combi‐lipase
Authors: Huang Chuanqing , Lin Zepeng , Zhang Yunlong , Liu Zeyu , Tang Xiaoyue , Li Changzhu , Lin Lin , Huang Wenqian , Ye Yong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiacylglycerol (DAG)‐enriched oil has been attracting attention because of its nutritional benefits and biological functions, although the composition of its various free fatty acids (FFAs) and an unclear relationship between substrate and yield make it difficult to be identified and qualified with respect to its production. In the present study, linoleic acid‐enriched diacylglycerol (LA‐DAG) was synthesized and enriched from Camellia oil by the esterification process using the combi‐lipase Lipozyme TL IM/RM IM system.ResultsThe relationship between FFA composition and DAG species productivity was revealed. The results showed that heterogeneous FFA with a major constituent (more than 50%) exhibited higher DAG productivity and inhibited triacylglycerol productivity compared to homogeneous constituents. Joint characterization by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐evaporative light scattering detection, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐heated electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry identified that DAG components contained dilinoleic acid acyl glyceride, linoleyl‐oleyl glyceride and dioleic acid acyl glyceride in esterification products. Under the optimum conditions, 60.4% 1,3‐DAG and 61.3% LA‐DAG in the crude product at 1 h reaction were obtained, and further purified to 81.7% LA‐DAG and 94.7% DAG via silica column chromatography.ConclusionThe present study provides a guideline for the identification of DAG species, as well as a structure‐guided preparation method of DAG‐enriched oils via the cost‐effective combi‐lipase. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Dissolved organic matter mediates the effects of warming and inorganic nutrients on a lake planktonic food web
Authors: Hébert Marie‐Pier , Soued Cynthia , Fussmann Gregor F. , Beisner Beatrix E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLakes are undergoing striking physicochemical changes globally, including co‐occurring increases in dissolved organic carbon and nutrient concentrations, water color, and surface temperature. Although several experimental studies of lake browning and warming have been conducted over the last decade, knowledge remains limited as to the structural and functional responses of multitrophic plankton communities, especially under environmentally relevant physicochemical conditions. Using reverse osmosis to manipulate naturally occurring dissolved organic matter (DOM), we performed an enclosure experiment to evaluate the response of a planktonic food web (zooplankton–phytoplankton–bacterioplankton) to individual and combined increases in DOM and temperature, while accounting for changes in inorganic nutrients associated with DOM enrichment. We found that concomitant increases in DOM and temperature or inorganic nutrients elicited substantially greater biotic effects, but infrequently led to interactive effects. Overall, major plankton groups responded differently to manipulated factors, with most effects observed in standing stocks, community composition, and trophic structure, while metabolic (primary production and respiration) rates appeared to be generally less responsive. DOM enrichment had a clear stimulatory effect on phytoplankton, but weakly affected zooplankton. More specifically, DOM enrichment, alone or combined with inorganic nutrient amendments, decreased zooplankton : chlorophyll a ratios, implying a reduced trophic transfer efficiency and altered trophic structure. Warming generally increased bacterial abundance and cyanobacterial dominance, especially under DOM‐enriched conditions. Collectively, these results demonstrate that increasing local DOM, even by only ~ 2 mgC L−1, can enhance plankton responses to rising temperature or inorganic nutrients in the near‐surface layer of a clearwater lake, with potential implications for ecosystems facing co‐occurring environmental changes.
A note on entropy of Delone sets
Authors: Hauser Till 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this note we present that the patch counting entropy can be obtained as a limit and investigate which sequences of compact sets are suitable to define this quantity. We furthermore present a geometric definition of patch counting entropy for Delone sets of infinite local complexity and that the patch counting entropy of a Delone set equals the topological entropy of the corresponding Delone dynamical system. We present our results in the context of (non‐compact) locally compact abelian groups that contain Meyer sets.
GRN Mutations Are Associated with Lewy Body Dementia
Authors: Reho Paolo , Koga Shunsuke , Shah Zalak , Chia Ruth ,   the International LBD Genomics Consortium,   The American Genome Center, Rademakers Rosa , Dalgard Clifton L. , Boeve Bradley F. , Beach Thomas G. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. , Scholz Sonja W. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLoss‐of‐function mutations in GRN are a cause of familial frontotemporal dementia, and common variants within the gene have been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Although TDP‐43‐positive inclusions are characteristic of GRN‐related neurodegeneration, Lewy body copathology has also been observed in many GRN mutation carriers.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess a Lewy body dementia (LBD) case–control cohort for pathogenic variants in GRN and to test whether there is an enrichment of damaging mutations among patients with LBD.MethodsWe analyzed whole‐genome sequencing data generated for 2591 European‐ancestry LBD cases and 4032 neurologically healthy control subjects to identify disease‐causing mutations in GRN.ResultsWe identified six heterozygous exonic GRN mutations in seven study participants (cases: n = 6; control subjects: n = 1). Each variant was predicted to be pathogenic or likely pathogenic. We found significant enrichment of GRN loss‐of‐function mutations in patients with LBD compared with control subjects (Optimized Sequence Kernel Association Test P = 0.0162). Immunohistochemistry in three definite LBD cases demonstrated Lewy body pathology and TDP‐43‐positive neuronal inclusions.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that deleterious GRN mutations are a rare cause of familial LBD. © 2022 International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
A novel coupled NS‐PFEM with stable nodal integration and polynomial pressure projection for geotechnical problems
Authors: Wang Ze‐Yu , Jin Yin‐Fu , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Wang Yu‐Ze 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe node‐based smoothed particle finite element method (NS‐PFEM) offers high computational efficiency but is numerically unstable due to possible spurious low‐energy mode in direct nodal integration (NI). Moreover, the NS‐PFEM has not been applied to hydromechanical coupled analysis. This study proposes an implicit stabilised T3 element‐based NS‐PFEM (stabilised node‐based smoothed particle finite element method [SNS‐PFEM]) for solving fully hydromechanical coupled geotechnical problems that (1) adopts the stable NI based on multiple stress points over the smooth domain to resolve the NI instability of NS‐PFEM, (2) implements the polynomial pressure projection (PPP) technique in the NI framework to cure possible spurious pore pressure oscillation in the undrained or incompressible limit and (3) expresses the NI for assembling coefficient matrices and calculating internal force in SNS‐PFEM with PPP as closed analytical expressions, guaranteeing computational accuracy and efficiency. Four classical benchmark tests (1D Terzaghi's consolidation, Mandel's problem, 2D strip footing consolidation and foundation on a vertical cut) are simulated and compared with analytical solutions or results from other numerical methods to validate the correctness and efficiency of the proposed approach. Finally, penetration of strip footing into soft soil is investigated, showing the outstanding performance the proposed approach can offer for large deformation problems. All results demonstrate that the proposed SNS‐PFEM with PPP is capable of tracking hydromechanical coupled geotechnical problems under small and large deformation with different drainage capacities.
Improved Gauss Seidel based projection–contraction algorithm for the mixed complementarity problem in contact problem
Authors: Zeng Yan , Zheng Hong , Liu Yang , Yang Bing , Li Chunguang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe GSCP (Gauss–Seidel based projection‐contraction) algorithm has been well established in solving elastoplastic mixed complementarity problems (MiCPs) or other problems which have similar mathematical form. However, the stability problems in the GSPC algorithm may cause nonconvergence or program crashes. Thus, the method of constructing and analyzing counterexamples is adopted to study the reasons for the instability of the GSPC algorithm. The R‐GSPC algorithm was developed by modifying the part of the GSPC algorithm that caused the crash to make the algorithm stable. In addition, this paper analyzes the convergence, compatibility, and initial value impact of R‐GSPC, and finds that the R‐GSPC algorithm greatly improves the robustness and stability without losing accuracy. This paper allows the GSPC algorithm to be better extended to more fields and to be suitabled for being introduced into commercial programs.
Conservation in conversation: People's perspectives on a woodland with high conservation value—A qualitative study
Authors: Hague Alice , Fischer Anke , Byg Anja , Juarez‐Bourke Alba , Herrett Scott , Eastwood Antonia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Concepts such as ecosystem services and nature's contributions to people are frameworks for articulating the value of nature and biodiversity conservation. Yet it remains difficult to argue for the conservation of species and habitats where they are inconspicuous or ‘non‐charismatic’.

This paper investigates the perceptions of a woodland area in rural western Scotland, designated for its high conservation value and characterised by habitats, rare species and species assemblages with limited appreciation by non‐experts and no obvious ‘utility’ value. Based on interviews with residents and visitors as well as workshops with participants representing different types of local expertise, we show how people experience and perceive the benefits from such woodlands.

Overall, our study participants emphasised values and ecosystem services that benefitted humans, strongly drawing on stories of cultural or historical land use to argue for more material opportunities to be created. For those participants without ecological expertise, the designated conservation value, albeit respected and accepted, remained vague and bland.

Participants also articulated a strong underlying development logic, pushing in some way for ‘more’ to be made from the woodlands so that more people could receive benefits from the woodland either directly (e.g. mental restoration; increased use for recreation) or indirectly (e.g. through creating jobs in the local tourism industry).

Our findings suggest that managing for conservation alone might cause challenges in acceptability, especially where the species and habitats conserved are of little obvious value to the non‐specialist. At the same time, participants recognised that they valued the woodland being unique in some way, and that increasing the material use of the woods might harm the very essence of what made it special.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Consensus recommendations for use of maintenance immunosuppression in solid organ transplantation: Endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, American Society of Transplantation, and International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: An executive summary
Authors: Nelson Joelle , Alvey Nicole , Bowman Lyndsey , Schulte Jamie , Segovia Maria Cristina , McDermott Jennifer , Te Helen S. , Kapila Nikhil , Levine Deborah Jo , Gottlieb Robert L. , Oberholzer Jose , Campara Maya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdvances in maintenance immunosuppression over the past three decades have improved solid organ transplantation outcomes dramatically. Uninterrupted access to immunosuppression is paramount to minimize rejection and maintain allograft and patient survival. Agents used vary based on transplanted organ, center‐specific protocol, provider expertise, insurance formularies, ability to cover co‐pays, recipient characteristics and tolerability. Published data reflects this heterogeneity. Despite these obstacles, the information about maintenance immunosuppression use cross pollinates between organ groups with standard of care agents often being used off‐label, making medication access a challenge for many transplant recipients. A multidisciplinary panel of American transplant clinicians was formed to review published literature on maintenance immunosuppression with the goal to formulate consensus recommendations for their use in specific organ groups. These consensus recommendations are intended to provide transplant clinicians with a summary of literature on maintenance immunosuppression in the modern era, and to support transplant team members working to secure medication access for patients.