bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical aspiration thrombectomy for the treatment of pulmonary embolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chandra Vishnu M , Khaja Minhaj S , Kryger Marc C , Sista Akhilesh K , Wilkins Luke R , Angle John F , Sharma Aditya M 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: There are no randomized trials studying the outcomes of mechanical aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) for management of pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MAT in the setting of PE. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies reporting more than five patients, study involved MAT, and reported clinical outcomes and pulmonary artery pressures. Studies were excluded if they failed to separate thrombectomy data from catheter-directed thrombolysis data. Databases searched include PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science until April, 2021. Results: Fourteen case series were identified, consisting of 516 total patients (mean age 58.4 ± 13.6 years). Three studies had only high-risk PE, two studies had only intermediate-risk PE, and the remaining nine studies had a combination of both high-risk and intermediate-risk PE. Six studies used the Inari FlowTriever device, five studies used the Indigo Aspiration system, and the remaining three studies used the Rotarex or Aspirex suction thrombectomy system. Four total studies employed thrombolytics in a patient-specific manner, with seven receiving local lysis and 17 receiving systemic lysis, and 40 receiving both. A random-effects meta-analyses of proportions of in-hospital mortality, major bleeding, technical success, and clinical success were calculated, which yielded estimate pooled percentages [95% CI] of 3.6% [0.7%, 7.9%], 0.5% [0.0%, 1.8%], 97.1% [94.8%, 98.4%], and 90.7% [85.5%, 94.3%]. Conclusion: There is significant heterogeneity in clinical, physiologic, and angiographic data in the currently available data on MAT. RCTs with consistent parameters and outcomes measures are still needed.
Autistic women’s experiences of self-compassion after receiving their diagnosis in adulthood
Authors: Wilson Rosemarie B , Thompson Andrew R , Rowse Georgina , Smith Richard , Dugdale Amber-Sophie , Freeth Megan 
Published: November 2022

Knowledge of autistic individuals’ experiences of self-compassion is very limited. This study investigated autistic women’s experiences of self-compassion after receiving their diagnosis in adulthood. Eleven autistic women completed semi-structured interviews analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three super-ordinate themes were identified: ‘Disconnect between the autistic self and experience of societal expectations’ (the burden of conformity; autism is misunderstood; social challenges; mental health impact); ‘Unmasking: the process of self-understanding’ (autonomy and self-compassion; validation and grief) and ‘Impact on relationships’ (diagnosis disclosure dilemmas; connection and understanding). Frustration with society’s misconceptions of autism and unhelpful thinking styles were presented as barriers to self-compassion. Most participants reported that their diagnosis had led to the development of a greater sense of self-understanding, which facilitated self-compassion. Some participants suggested their own increased understanding of autism facilitated their compassion towards others. Findings from this study have clinical implications for increasing understanding about autistic women’s experiences of self-compassion and possibly ways to facilitate its development, to enhance well-being. Lay abstract Knowledge of autistic individuals’ experiences of self-compassion is very limited. This study investigated autistic women’s experiences of self-compassion after receiving their diagnosis in adulthood. Eleven autistic women were interviewed about their experiences of receiving their diagnosis in adulthood and their experiences of self-compassion. Systematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed common themes in the participants’ experiences. Participants reported that their autism diagnosis helped them to better understand themselves, particularly when reflecting on problematic past experiences. After receiving an autism diagnosis, participants described being able to relate to themselves with greater self-kindness compared to previous self-criticism; this included allowing themselves to assert their needs and engage in self-care activities. Participants spoke about having difficult social experiences, including feeling pressure to conform to expectations in society and often feeling misunderstood. The findings highlight the barriers autistic women face obtaining their diagnoses and demonstrate the need for autism training for professionals to support early identification. Findings from this study suggest that interventions aimed at developing self-compassion could support and enhance autistic women’s well-being.
Alaska’s Play Every Day Campaign Encourages Parents to Serve Healthy Drinks to Young Children
Authors: Potempa Ann E. , Kelsey Lauren C. , Fink Karol J. , Pickle Kathryn E. , Reilly Katie L. , Young Margaret B. , Dilley Julia A. 
Published: November 2022

Background Sugary drink consumption by young children is a public health concern. The State of Alaska, partnering with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, implemented the Play Every Day social marketing campaign in 2019–2021 to encourage parents to serve healthy drinks to young children. The campaign’s intended audience was parents who experience disproportionately poor nutrition outcomes: Alaska Native people, those living in rural communities, and those with low incomes and/or educational attainment. We described campaign development, implementation, and performance. Method Parents from the identified disproportionately affected populations participated in formative research. Campaign awareness and engagement questions were added to Alaska’s child health surveillance system. Regression models assessed associations between campaign exposure and outcomes. Results The sample included 476 Alaska mothers of 3-year-old children. Of the 34% who reported seeing the campaign, 21% said they changed drinks served to their child because of the campaign. Campaign awareness, engagement, and reported changes in drinks given to children because of the campaign were greater among Alaska Native mothers than White mothers. Among all mothers, those who said the campaign gave them new information or that they shared the campaign had 7 to 8 times greater odds for reporting changes in behavior than those not engaged with the campaign. Implications for Practice Social marketing campaigns that encourage parents to serve healthy drinks to young children may change behavior. Resources should be systematically dedicated to research, implementation, and evaluation focused on specific populations. Partnering with trusted community-serving organizations likely improves outcomes in disproportionately affected populations.
Examining Changes in Food Security, Perceived Stress, and Dietary Intake in a Cohort of Low-Wage Workers Experiencing an Increase in Hourly Wage
Authors: Chapman Leah Elizabeth , Berkowitz Seth A. , Ammerman Alice , De Marco Molly , Ng Shu Wen , Zimmer Catherine , Caspi Caitlin E. 
Published: November 2022

Objective To determine whether an increase in hourly wages was associated with changes in food security and perceived stress among low-wage workers. We also determined whether changes in food security and stress were associated with changes in diet. Setting Wages is a prospective cohort study following 974 low-wage workers in Minneapolis, MN, where an ordinance is incrementally increasing minimum wage to US$15/hr from 2018 to 2022, and a comparison community with no minimum wage ordinance (Raleigh, NC). Interaction models were estimated using generalized estimating equations. Participants Analyses used two waves of data (2018 [baseline], 2019) and included 219 and 321 low-wage workers in Minneapolis and Raleigh (respectively). Results Average hourly wages increased from US$9.77 (SD US$1.69) to US$11.67 (SD US$4.02). Changes in wages were not associated with changes in food security (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.89, 1.23], p = .57) or stress (β = −0.01, 95% CI [−0.04, 0.03], p = .70) after 1 year of policy implementation. Changes in food security were not associated with changes in diet. However, we found significant changes in the frequency of fruit and vegetable intake across time by levels of stress, with decreased intake from Wave 1 to 2 at low levels of stress, and increased intake at high levels of stress (incidence rate ratio = 1.17, 95% CI [1.05, 1.31], p = .01). Conclusions Changes in wages were not associated with changes in food security or stress in a sample of low-wage workers. Future research should examine whether full implementation of a minimum wage increase is associated with changes in these outcomes.
Multimodal Agility-Based Exercise Training for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: A New Framework
Authors: Wolf Florian , Eschweiler Mareike , Rademacher Annette , Zimmer Philipp 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Multimodal agility-based exercise training (MAT) has been described as a framework for fall prevention in the elderly but might also be a valuable concept for exercise training in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). The Problem Current recommendations advise pwMS to perform a multitude of different exercise training activities, as each of these has its separate evidence. However, pwMS struggle even more than the general population to be physically active. Additionally, Multiple Sclerosis often leads to co-occurring mobility and cognitive dysfunctions, for which simultaneous, time-efficient, and engaging training approaches are still limited in clinical practice and healthcare. The solution The MAT framework has been developed to integratively improve cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and cognitive function by combining aspects of perception and orientation, change of direction, as well as stop-and-go patterns (ie, agility), in a group-training format. For pwMS, the MAT framework is conceptualized to include 3 Components: standing balance, dynamic balance (including functional leg strength), and agility-based exercises. Within these Components sensory, cognitive, and cardiovascular challenges can be adapted to individual needs. Recommendations We recommend investigating multimodal exercise interventions that go beyond easily standardized, unimodal types of exercise (eg, aerobic or resistance exercise), which could allow for time-efficient training, targeting multiple frequent symptoms of persons with mild disability at once. MAT should be compared to unimodal approaches, regarding sensor-based gait outcomes, fatigue-related outcomes, cognition, as well as neuroprotective, and (supportive) disease-modifying effects.
Prophylactic Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion in Cardiac Surgery Patients With Elevated CHA2DS2-VASc Score: Results of the Randomized ATLAS Trial
Authors: Gerdisch Marc W. , Garrett H. Edward , Mumtaz Mubashir A. , Grehan John F. , Castillo-Sang Mario , Miller Jeffrey S. , Zorn George L. , Gall Stanley A. , Johnkoski John A. , Ramlawi Basel 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Patients with elevated CHA2DS2-VASc scores are at high risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) and thromboembolic events (TE) after cardiac surgery. Left atrial appendage exclusion (LAAE) is a permanent, continuous approach to stroke prevention in AF, overcoming limitations of oral anticoagulation (OAC). We report ATLAS trial results focused on LAAE technical success and perioperative safety and TE rates with and without LAAE in cardiac surgery patients who developed postoperative AF (POAF). Methods: ATLAS (NCT02701062) was a prospective, multicenter, feasibility trial. Patients age ≥18 years, undergoing structural heart procedure, with no preoperative AF, CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2, and HAS-BLED ≥2 were randomized 2:1 to LAAE or no LAAE. Patients who developed POAF and/or received LAAE were followed for 1 year. LAAE was evaluated with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Results: A total of 562 patients were randomized to LAAE ( n = 376) or no LAAE ( n = 186). Mean CHA2DS2-VASc (3.4 vs 3.4) and HAS-BLED (2.8 vs 2.9) scores were similar for LAAE and no LAAE groups. LAAE success (no flow nor residual stump >10 mm) was 99%. One LAAE-related serious adverse event (0.27%) occurred and was resolved without sequelae. There were 44.3% of patients who developed POAF. Through 1 year, 3.4% of LAAE patients and 5.6% of no LAAE patients had TE. OAC was used by 32.5% of POAF patients. Bleeding was higher with OAC than without (16.1% vs 5.4%, P = 0.008). Conclusions: ATLAS demonstrated a high rate of successful LAAE with low LAAE-related serious adverse events in cardiac surgery patients. Study results should be considered in future trial design to further evaluate prophylactic LAAE for stroke prevention in cardiac surgery patients with elevated stroke risk.
Comorbidities among Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus: The COMOSLE-EGYPT study
Authors: Gamal Sherif M , Mokbel Abir , Niazy Marwa H. , Elgengehy Fatema T , Elsaid Nora Y , Fouad Nermeen A. , Sobhy Nesreen , Tantawy Marwa , Mohamed Sally S. , Ghaleb Rasha M , Abdelaleem Enas A , El-Zorkany Bassel 
Published: November 2022

Objective To study the prevalence and impact of comorbidities among a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This study is retrospective, multicenter including 902 Egyptian patients with SLE. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical characteristics, routine laboratory findings, immunological profile, and medications. Moreover, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College Rheumatology Damage Index scores were calculated. Results Comorbidities were found in 75.5% of the studied group with hypertension and dyslipidemia as the most frequent comorbidities (43.1% and 40.1%, respectively), followed by sicca features, avascular necrosis, diabetes, osteoporosis and renal failure (11.5%,9%, 9%,8.9%, and 7.1%, respectively). Multivariate regression model showed statistically significant relation between the presence of comorbid condition and each of age ( P = 0.006), disease duration ( P = 0.041), SLEDAI at onset ( P < 0.001), cyclophosphamide intake ( P = 0.001), and cumulative pulse intravenous methylprednisone ( P < 0.001). Also, when adjusted to age and sex, those with multiple comorbid conditions had 18.5 increased odds of mortality compared to those without comorbidities (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 18.5 (6.65–51.69)]. Conclusion Patients with SLE suffer from several comorbidities, with an increasing risk with age, longer disease duration, higher SLEDAI at onset, cyclophosphamide intake and cumulative pulse intravenous methylprednisone. Risk of mortality is exponentiated with multiple comorbidities.
Formative Exploration of the Feasibility of Embedding Community Assets Into Primary Health Care: Barbershop and Place of Worship Readiness in Guyana
Authors: Goberdhan Sharlene , Gobin Reeta , Perreira Olly , Sharma Manoj , Ramdeen Melissa , Harding Seeromanie 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Community engagement is key to improving the quality of primary health care (PHC), with asset-based interventions shown to have a positive impact on equity and health outcomes. However, there tends to be a disconnect between community-based interventions and PHC, with a lack of evidence on how to develop sustainable community—primary care partnerships. This paper reports on the formative phases of 2 studies exploring the feasibility of embedding community assets, namely places of worship and barbershops, into the PHC pathway for the prevention and control of NCDs in deprived settings. It describes the participatory approach used to map and gather contextual readiness information, including the enablers and constrainers for collaborative partnerships with PHC. Methods: Grounded in community-based participatory research, we used elements of ground-truthing and participatory mapping to locate and gather contextual information on places of worship and barbershops in urban and rural communities. Local knowledge, gathered from community dialogs, led to the creation of sampling frames of these community assets. Selected places of worship were administered a 66-item readiness questionnaire, which included domains on governance and financing, congregation profile, and existing health programs and collaborations. Participating barbershops were administered a 40-item readiness questionnaire, which covered barbers’ demographic information, previous training in health promotion, and barbers’ willingness to deliver health promotion activities. Results: Fourteen barbershops were identified, of which 10 participated in the readiness survey, while 240 places of worship were identified, of which 14 were selected and assessed for readiness. Contextual differences were found within and between these assets regarding governance, accessibility, and reach. Key enablers for both include training in health promotion, an overwhelming enthusiasm for participation and recognition of the potential benefits of a community—primary care partnership. Lack of previous collaborations with the formal health system was common to both. Conclusion: The participatory approach extended reach within underserved communities, while the readiness data informed intervention design and identified opportunities for partnership development. Contextual differences between community assets require comprehensive readiness investigations to develop suitably tailored interventions that promote reach, acceptance, and sustainability.
Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the Medial Patellar Retinaculum Anatomy: the Anteromedial Side of the Knee Revisited
Authors: Peez Christian , Wermers Jens , Glasbrenner Johannes , Briese Thorben , Raschke Michael J. , Herbst Elmar , Kittl Christoph 
Published: November 2022

Background: In the current literature, studies on the anatomy of the anteromedial region of the knee are scarce. However, the anteromedial structures, especially the longitudinal medial patellar retinaculum (MPR), may play an important role in restraining external tibial rotation. Purpose: To conduct a layer-by-layer dissection of the anteromedial side of the knee and describe qualitatively and quantitatively the MPR anatomy pertaining to surgically relevant landmarks. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 10 fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees (mean age 81 ± 16.3 years) without history of previous ligament injury were used in this study. A layer-by-layer dissection was performed, and measurements were obtained using a tactile 3-dimensional (3-D) measuring arm to define the anatomy of the MPR in relation to surgically relevant landmarks, such as the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). The 3-D datasets were used for multiplanar reconstruction. Results: The tibial and femoral attachment of the MPR were identified in 100% of cases. Layer-by-layer dissection confirmed its close topography to the sMCL. The mean length of the MPR was 84.9 ± 9.1 mm. The average width of the tibial and femoral attachment was 23.8 ± 3.1 mm and 69.2 ± 8.2 mm, respectively. The distance from the midpoint of the MPR tibial attachment to the midpoint of the distal tibial attachment of the sMCL was 27.2 ± 5.8 mm. Femorally, the MPR attached at the anterior border of the MPFL over a mean distance of 52.3 ± 9.4 mm. Conclusion: The MPR is a distinct tibiofemoral structure with well-defined tibial and femoral attachments, which could be consistently identified. Layer-by-layer dissection confirmed its close topography to the sMCL and MPFL. Clinical Relevance: As injuries to the anteromedial side of the knee may contribute to anteromedial rotational rotatory instability (AMRI), precise knowledge of the underlying anatomy of the MPR may be necessary to perform an anatomic reconstruction of the anteromedial side of the knee.
BTG1 inactivation drives lymphomagenesis and promotes lymphoma dissemination through activation of BCAR1
Authors: Delage Lorric , Lambert Mireille , Bardel Émilie , Kundlacz Cindy , Chartoire Dimitri , Conchon Axel , Peugnet Anne-Laure , Gorka Lucas , Auberger Patrick , Jacquel Arnaud , Soussain Carole , Destaing Olivier , Delecluse Henri-Jacques , Delecluse Susanne , Merabet Samir , Traverse-Glehen Alexandra , Salles Gilles , Bachy Emmanuel , Billaud Marc , Ghesquières Hervé , Genestier Laurent , Rouault Jean-Pierre , Sujobert Pierre 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the functional role of mutated genes in cancer is required to translate the findings of cancer genomics into therapeutic improvement. BTG1 is recurrently mutated in the MCD/C5 subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which is associated with extranodal dissemination. Here, we provide evidence that Btg1 knock out accelerates the development of a lethal lymphoproliferative disease driven by Bcl2 overexpression. Furthermore, we show that the scaffolding protein BCAR1 is a BTG1 partner. Moreover, after BTG1 deletion or expression of BTG1 mutations observed in patients with DLBCL, the overactivation of the BCAR1-RAC1 pathway confers increased migration ability in vitro and in vivo. These modifications are targetable with the SRC inhibitor dasatinib, which opens novel therapeutic opportunities in BTG1 mutated DLBCL.
Hydroxyurea treatment is associated with lower malaria incidence in children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Olupot-Olupot Peter , Tomlinson George , Williams Thomas N. , Tshilolo Léon , Santos Brígida , Smart Luke R. , McElhinney Kathryn , Howard Thad A. , Aygun Banu , Stuber Susan E. , Lane Adam , Latham Teresa S. , Ware Russell E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Realizing Effectiveness Across Continents with Hydroxyurea (REACH, NCT01966731) provides hydroxyurea at maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) in sub-Saharan Africa. Beyond reducing SCA-related clinical events, documented treatment benefits include ∼50% reduction in malaria incidence. To identify associations and propose mechanisms by which hydroxyurea could be associated with lower malaria rates, infections were recorded across all clinical sites (Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Uganda). Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for baseline demographics, and time-varying laboratory and clinical parameters were estimated in a modified Cox gap-time model for repeated events. Over 3387 patient-years of hydroxyurea treatment, 717 clinical malaria episodes occurred in 336 of 606 study participants; over half were confirmed by blood smear and/or rapid diagnostic testing with 97.8% Plasmodium falciparum. In univariate analysis limited to 4 confirmed infections per child, malaria risk was significantly associated with absolute neutrophil count (ANC), splenomegaly, hemoglobin, and achieving MTD; age, malaria season, MTD dose, fetal hemoglobin, α-thalassemia, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency had no effect. In multivariable regression of confirmed infections, ANC was significant (HR, 1.37 per doubled value; 95% CI, 1.10-1.70; P = .0052), and ANC values &lt;3.0 × 109/L were associated with lower malaria incidence. Compared with nonpalpable spleen, 1- to 4-cm splenomegaly also was associated with higher malaria risk (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.41-2.85; P = .0001). Hydroxyurea at MTD is associated with lower malaria incidence in SCA through incompletely defined mechanisms, but treatment-associated mild myelosuppression with ANC &lt;3.0 × 109/L is salutary. Splenomegaly is an unexplained risk factor for malaria infections among children with SCA in Africa.