bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Characterization of Anchor under Uniaxial Compression Loading Conditions
Authors: Sun Guanglin , Hu Jiangchun , Wang Hongfang , Li Dewei , Wang Zhiyi 
Published: September 2022

Bolt reinforcement technology plays an important role in supporting the construction of many engineering fields, and the uniaxial loading characteristics and behavior tests of anchors have great significance to the research and application of anchors. Therefore, four anchor specimens GA ∼ GD were fabricated and tested to explore the macro and microbehavior characteristics of anchors under uniaxial compression. The stress-strain curves for GA ∼ GC specimens under uniaxial compression were analyzed. The stress-strain curve, elastic strain and creep strain, the failure results, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of specimen GD under multistage loading were investigated. The results showed a series of behavior characteristics of anchor under uniaxial compression. Under uniaxial compression, the shapes of stress-strain curves of three specimens GA ∼ GC were similar, and they had experienced four different stages from stage I to stage IV, respectively. After calculating the uniaxial compressive strength of the three specimens, the average uniaxial compressive strength of these specimens was

σ

c

¯

= 8.31 MPa. The stress-strain curve of the specimen GD was obtained by a multi-stage loading test. The total strain of the specimen consisted of elastic strain and creep strain. In the whole process of loading, the proportion of elastic strain was greater than that of creep strain, and the proportion range of elastic strain was 51.90% ∼ 55.82%. Seven electrochemical impedance spectrum curves of the specimen GD under multi-stage compression load were obtained. The dispersion and concentration of Nyquist curves were affected by different loading levels; the higher the loading level, the more dispersed the Nyquist curve is. In the measured Bode diagram, compared with the previous six measurements, the variation laws of impedance value and phase angle measured at the seventh time in the failure stage of the specimen were quite different. The above research and conclusions can provide some reference for the test theory and engineering application of anchors.
Diet and Exercise in Cancer Metabolism
Authors: Locasale Jason W. 
Published: September 2022

Summary:
Diet and exercise are modifiable lifestyle factors known to have a major influence on metabolism. Clinical practice addresses diseases of altered metabolism such as diabetes or hypertension by altering these factors. Despite enormous public interest, there are limited defined diet and exercise regimens for patients with cancer. Nevertheless, the molecular basis of cancer has converged over the past 15 years on an essential role for altered metabolism in cancer. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the impact of diet and exercise on cancer metabolism is in its very early stages. In this perspective, I propose conceptual frameworks for understanding the consequences of diet and exercise on cancer cell metabolism and tumor biology and also highlight recent developments. By advancing our mechanistic understanding, I will discuss actionable ways that such interventions could eventually reach the mainstay of both medical oncology and cancer control and prevention.
РОЛЬ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЗАГАЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ КРОВІ В ОЦІНЦІ ПРОГНОЗУ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ ХВОРОБИ У СТАЦІОНАРНИХ ХВОРИХ
Authors: Височанська В. В. , Поляк І. В. , Галамба А. А. , Когутич А. І. 
Published: September 2022

Швидка клінічна діагностика COVID-19 є ключем до симптоматичного лікування, термінового скерування до відділення інтенсивної терапії та ізоляції пацієнта. Біохімічний аналіз сироватки крові та гемограма є рутинними, швидкими й недорогими методиками, які полегшують верифікацію діагнозу. Біомаркери запалення, отримані з периферичної крові, такі як кількість лейкоцитів, нейтрофілів, лімфоцитів, тромбоцитів та їх співвідношення, були описані як незалежні предиктори для оцінки перебігу та прогнозу коронавірусної хвороби.
Мета роботи – підрахунок показників загального аналізу крові для передбачення ступеня тяжкості коронавірусної хвороби, а також ризику летального висліду.
Матеріали і методи. Проведено ретроспективний аналіз 105 історій хвороби пацієнтів з підтвердженою шляхом ПЛР коронавірусною хворобою, які перебували не менше 11 діб у КНП «ОКІЛ» ЗОР за жовтень-грудень 2021 р. Порівнювали показники загального аналізу крові (ЗАК) в абсолютних числах на перший, п’ятий та десятий день після госпіталізації, виконаного на автоматичному гематологічному аналізаторі типу Abacus junior. Статистична обробка у програмі Jamovi v. 1,6.
Висновки. Критерієм сприятливого перебігу захворювання у госпіталізованих пацієнтів є наростання кількості лімфоцитів і тромбоцитів у динаміці та відсутність лейкоцитозу. Абсолютна кількість лейкоцитів, що перевищує норму у першу добу після госпіталізації чи наростання числа лейкоцитів на 50 та більше відсотків після 5-ї доби госпіталізації є прогностичним маркером погіршення стану. Поєднання наростаючого лейкоцитозу та лімфопенії зазвичай свідчить про перехід у тяжку форму недуги та імовірний летальний вислід.
МАРКЕРИ АПОПТОЗУ У ДІТЕЙ З ВІТРЯНОЮ ВІСПОЮ, ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ЛІКУВАННЯ
Authors: Незгода І. І. , Левицька Л. І. 
Published: September 2022

Мета дослідження – визначити показники апоптозу за зовнішнім і мітохондріальним шляхом та розробити можливі методи їх корекції у пацієнтів з вітряною віспою.
Пацієнти і методи. Під спостереженням перебувало 150 хворих із вітряною віспою віком від 1 міс. до 17 років, які протягом 2015-2019 рр. лікувалися стаціонарно в КЗ «Вінницька обласна клінічна дитяча інфекційна лікарня». Серед пацієнтів сформовані 2 групи: група порівняння – пацієнти з вітряною віспою, що отримували традиційне лікування (n=35); основна група – пацієнти з вітряною віспою, що отримували крім традиційного лікування L-аргінін (n=35); група контролю – здорові діти (n=30).
Дослідження виконані в науково-дослідній клініко-діагностичній лабораторії ВНМУ ім. М.І. Пирогова, сертифікованої МОЗ України (атестат акредитації вимірювальної лабораторії серія КДЛ № 002087, свідоцтво про переатестацію №049/15 від 02 березня 2015 р.). Каспазу-8 та AIF (apoptosis inducing factor, апоптоз-індукувальний фактор) визначали в сироватці крові імуноферментним методом з використанням комерційних наборів «Human CASP8 (Caspase 8) ELISA Kit» («Elabscience Biotechnology Inc.», США) та «Human AIF (Apoptosis Inducing Factor) ELISA Kit» («Elabscience Biotechnology Inc.», США).
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. При оцінці показників апоптозу встановлено, що у хворих на вітряну віспу сироватковий вміст каспази-8 вище на 43 % (р<0,05), а вміст AIF – на 37,6 % (р<0,05), порівняно з групою здорових дітей. З’ясувавши ці закономірності і враховуючи те, що зазначені показники можуть негативно вплинути на перебіг самого захворювання і викликати розвиток ряду ускладнень, а саме: енцефаліту, ішемічного чи геморагічного інсульту тощо (через ремоделювання та ураження судин), ми включили в схему лікування препарат L-аргініну, що впливає на синтез оксиду азоту (NO) та може моделювати процес апоптозу. З’ясувалось, що в основній групі до лікування медіана вмісту каспази-8 становила 0,522 (95 % СІ 0,488-0,557) нг/мл і AIF – 8,17 (95 % СІ 7,82-8,70) пг/мл, після лікування відбулось вірогідне зменшення цих критеріїв. Так, за середніми показниками сироватковий рівень каспази-8 зменшився на 21,5 % (р<0,05) і становив 0,410 (95 % СІ 0,292-0,531) нг/мл, а AIF – на 22,7 % (р<0,05) та становив 6,41 (95 % СІ 5,68-6,93) пг/мл.
Висновки. Визначення показників каспази-8 та AIF дозволило виявити у пацієнтів з вітряною віспою запуск програми апоптозу клітин як за зовнішнім, так і за мітохондріальним шляхом. Враховуючи це, у пацієнтів з вітряною віспою в схему лікування доцільно включити препарат L-аргініну, який має антиапоптичну дію, що в подальшому може запобігти розвитку ускладнень, пов’язаних з VZV-васкулопатією.
ДО ЮВІЛЕЮ ВІДОМОГО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВЧЕНОГО-МІКРОБІОЛОГА ПРОФЕСОРА СЕРГІЯ ІВАНОВИЧА КЛИМНЮКА
Authors: Avtoriv Kolektyv 
Published: September 2022

Наведено біографічні дані й творчий доробок С.І. Климнюка – доктора медичних наук, професора, відомого вченого-мікробіолога, навчання та трудова діяльність якого пов’язана з Тернопільським національним медичним університетом імені І.Я. Горбачевського.
EFFECT OF HYSTERECTOMY WITH OPPORTUNISTIC SALPINGECTOMY FOR UTERINE FIBROIDS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION
Authors: Proshchenko O. M. , Ventskivska I. B. 
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study – to determine the effect of hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy for uterine fibroids on the manifestation and progression of metabolic syndrome and to develop ways of reducing the identified changes.
Materials and Methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation of the influence of hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy for uterine fibroids on the development of metabolic syndrome was performed in the Gynecological Department of Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise “Kyiv Perinatal Center”. 160 women were included in the study: 90 patients underwent vaginal hysterectomy including fallopian tubes (both classical and associated with laparoscopy), and 70 women underwent abdominal hysterectomy including fallopian tubes.
Results and Discussion. The development and progression of hypoestrogenemia after hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy contributes to the loss of cardioprotective effects of estrogen, accompanied by psychoemotional and vegetative-vascular dystonia in the early postoperative period of mild and moderate degree, mostly in women under 45 years (30.63 % and 71.86 %, respectively), while metabolic and endocrine abnormalities are practically absent. At the same time, 12 months after surgery, 56.9 % of patients undergo gradual formation of the main components of the metabolic syndrome – hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, increasing parameters of atherogenic lipid fractions, increased BMI and vegetative dystonia of the hypertensive type.
Conclusions. The use of metabolic therapy in the remote postoperative period allowed to control blood pressure and improve the clinical and laboratory parameters, namely reducing the level of atherogenicity index by 1.3 times (p<0.05), glycated hemoglobin, OGTT, HOMA index – by 0.8 times against baseline before treatment, which was accompanied by improvement of psycho-emotional and vegetative-vascular manifestations.
КОМПЛЕКСНА ТЕРАПІЯ ПОРУШЕНЬ МЕНСТРУАЛЬНОЇ ФУНКЦІЇ У ЖІНОК РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ВІКУ НА ТЛІ МЕТАБОЛІЧНОГО СИНДРОМУ
Authors: Лимар Л. Є. , Лимар Н. А. , Маланчин І. М. , Мартинюк В. М. 
Published: September 2022

Мета дослідження – визначити вплив комплексної терапії з використанням інозитолів на менструальну функцію у жінок із порушеннями менструальної функції (ПМФ) на тлі метаболічного синдрому (МС).
Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 76 жінок репродуктивного віку від 18 до 43 років із ПМФ на тлі МС, а саме: олігоменореєю та дисменореєю. У контрольній групі було 30 жінок із ПМФ без МС. Вивчено прояви ПМФ, визначено рівень білкових фракцій, холестерину, трансаміназ при МС.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Пацієнток поділено на 2 групи залежно від методу лікування. Виявлено достовірне зниження альбуміну, підвищення холестерину, трансаміназ, високі показники індексу маси тіла (ІМТ). Отримані результати підтверджують літературні дані. У жінок обох груп до лікування спостерігали ожиріння. Застосування в комплексній терапії інозитолу сприяло достовірному зниженню рівня холестерину, трансаміназ, підвищенню рівня альбуміну. У 2-й групі знизився ІМТ до нормального рівня. Отримані результати відповідають літературним даним.
Висновки. У жінок репродуктивного віку на тлі МС спостерігаються порушення менструальної функції, а саме: олігоменорея та дисменорея. У жінок із ПМФ на тлі МС спостерігається підвищення рівня холестерину, АлАТ, АсАТ, ГГТ в крові, що свідчить про порушення функції печінки. Комплексна терапія з використанням інозитолу забезпечує зниження ІМТ до 25,0 кг/м2 у 65,9 % жінок та у 90,2 % відновлює нормальний менструальний цикл.
In the Service of All Life
Authors: Harper Susan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper explores and attempts to propose a NeoPagan, or Contemporary Pagan, ethics of abortion. As a still relatively new religious movement, Contemporary Paganism and the various earth-centered religions (including Wicca) that fall under that umbrella are continuously in the process of creating theology, morality, and practice. Within the religious landscape of the United States in particular, this means engaging with the fraught issues of reproductive healthcare broadly and abortion specifically. This article explores the paradox of Contemporary Paganism’s overall ethic of affirming life and holding all life sacred while also giving primacy of place to individual Will, bodily autonomy, and personal and sexual freedom—ethical principles that lead the overwhelming majority of practitioners to adopt a pro-choice stance. The article describes an ethics of abortion in which Contemporary Pagans find that their pro-life politics and their life-affirming spirituality are not paradoxical but in fact are a coherent whole.
Mortality rates in people with first diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A 5-year population-based cohort study
Authors: Yung Nicholas Chak Lam , Wong Corine Sau Man , Chan Joe Kwun Nam , Chang Wing Chung 
Published: September 2022

Objective: Schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (SSD) is associated with increased premature death, with emerging data suggesting early illness course as a high-risk period for excess mortality. This study aimed to examine mortality rate in patients with incident SSD and differential mortality risk between inpatient-diagnosed and outpatient-diagnosed subsamples within 5 years of first diagnosis. Method: This population-based cohort study identified 8826 patients aged 18–39 years receiving first-recorded SSD diagnosis upon service entry, comprising 3877 inpatient-diagnosed and 4949 outpatient-diagnosed patients, between 2006 and 2012 in Hong Kong using a territory-wide medical record database of public health care services. All-cause, natural-cause, and unnatural-cause mortality risks within 5 years after first diagnosis were quantified by standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) relative to the general population. We also directly compared mortality rates between inpatient and outpatient subsamples over 5-year follow-up. Results: SSD patients exhibited markedly elevated all-cause (SMR: 12.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [10.83, 13.88]), natural-cause (SMR: 3.76, 95% CI: [2.77, 4.98]) and unnatural-cause (SMR: 20.64, 95% CI: [17.49, 24.20]) mortality during first 5 years of diagnosis. Increased mortality rate was most pronounced in the first year of treatment, especially for unnatural deaths (SMR 32.2, 95% CI: [24.08, 42.22]). Discharged inpatient-diagnosed patients displayed significantly higher all-cause and unnatural-cause mortality rates than outpatient-diagnosed counterparts within first 3 years of treatment, and differential mortality risks on all-cause (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 7.05, 95% CI: [2.02, 24.64]) and unnatural-cause (aHR: 5.15, 95% CI: [1.38, 19.19]) deaths were the highest in the first month of follow-up. Conclusions: Substantial increase in early mortality risk among people with incident SSD, particularly in the first year of diagnosis and the time shortly after discharge, underscores an urgent need of targeted early intervention for effective suicide prevention and physical health improvement to minimize mortality gap.
Moving the Needle: Association Between a Vaccination Reward Lottery and COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake in Louisiana
Authors: Wang Yin , Hernandez Julie , Stoecker Charles 
Published: September 2022

Objective: On June 17, 2021, Louisiana launched a lottery campaign to reward residents who received a COVID-19 vaccination. We investigated the association between the lottery and vaccination uptake by characteristics of parishes. Methods: We constructed an interrupted time series based on daily parish-level data on COVID-19 vaccinations to analyze the association with the lottery. We used recursive partitioning to separate vaccination uptake due to the Delta variant from vaccination uptake due to the lottery and limited our study period to May 25 through July 20, 2021. We performed subanalyses that grouped parishes by political affiliation, hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccines, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status to detect heterogeneous responses to the lottery by these characteristics. We ran models separately for parishes in the top and bottom tertiles of each sociodemographic indicator and used a z test to check for differences. Results: The lottery was associated with an additional 1.03 (95% CI, 0.61-1.45; P < .001) first doses per parish per day. Comparing lottery impacts between top and bottom tertiles, we found significantly larger associations in parishes with lower vaccine hesitancy rates, higher percentage of Hispanic population, higher median annual household income, and more people with a college degree. Conclusions: Results suggest that the lottery was associated with increased COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Louisiana. However, larger associations were observed in parishes with an already higher likelihood of accepting vaccines, which raises equity issues about the opportunity created by the lottery and its effectiveness as a long-term behavioral incentive.
“We Have No ‘Visibly’ Trans Students in Our School”: Educators’ Perspectives on Transgender-Affirmative Policies in Schools
Authors: Martino Wayne , Omercajic Kenan , Kassen Jenny 
Published: September 2022

Background/Context: In Ontario, and Canada more broadly, anti-discrimination on the basis of gender identity and gender expression is enshrined in the Ontario Human Rights Code and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which have required schools to address trans inclusion. However, the ways in which educators understand or enact these policies, and whether they are even aware of them, remain largely underexplored. Purpose/Research Question/Focus of Study: Our purpose was to learn more about educators’ awareness and understanding of trans-inclusive policies in schools and the extent to which such policies were informing practice. Participants: While this research is based on survey data comprising 1,194 respondents, this article examines comments provided about trans-affirmative policy from 463 educators. Research Design: This study involves large-scale survey research conducted on 1,194 educators in Ontario K–12 schools; the survey was disseminated via social media and educational affiliates. We draw primarily on the qualitative data component of the survey, where educators provided detailed comments about and insights into trans-inclusive policies. We employed a reflexive approach to coding and thematic analysis to identify key themes. Findings/Results: Although our quantitative data depicted a favorable assessment of support for trans-affirmative policies—94% of respondents found their school’s policy to be very or somewhat relevant—our findings highlight a discrepancy between policy and practice, and a lack of commitment to addressing cisgenderist, cisnormative, and cissexist systems. The themes that emerged from our coding and analysis of the qualitative data were: (1) educators’ understanding of policy as accommodation; (2) individualized approaches to trans inclusion; (3) lack of administrative support and intervention; (4) the gap between policy and practice; (5) transphobic and cissexist resistance to supporting gender diversity; (6) the need for trans-affirming and gender-expansive curriculum, and (7) the problem of generalized approaches to equity and acceptance of diversity. In addition, we discuss several educator comments that raise important questions about race and the need for intersectional approaches to addressing equity and trans inclusion in schools. Conclusions/Recommendations: We advocate for a paradigm shift with respect to the necessity of employing a trans epistemological framework that addresses the need for gender-expansive education which focuses on the harmful effects of cisgenderism, cisnormativity, and cissexism in the education system. Central to addressing gender justice and trans marginalization in schools for all students, we conclude, is the need for policy makers to ensure accountability and budgetary allocation for the provision of resources and professional development for educators in schools.
Efficacy and prognostic value of delta radiomics on dual-energy computed tomography for gastric cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a preliminary study
Authors: Wang Lingyun , Chen Yong , Tan Jingwen , Ge Yingqian , Xu Zhihan , Wels Michael , Pan Zilai 
Published: September 2022

Background A non-invasive tool for tumor regression grade (TRG) evaluation is urgently needed for gastric cancer (GC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Purpose To develop and validate a radiomics signature (RS) to evaluate TRG for locally advanced GC after NAC and assess its prognostic value. Material and Methods A total of 103 patients with GC treated with NAC were retrospectively recruited from April 2018 to December 2019 and were randomly allocated into a training cohort (n = 69) and a validation cohort (n = 34). Delineation was performed on both mixed and iodine-uptake images based on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). A total of 4094 radiomics features were extracted from the pre-NAC, post-NAC, and delta feature sets. Spearman correlation and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used for dimensionality reduction. Multivariable logistic regression was used for TRG evaluation and generated the optimal RS. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with the log-rank test was implemented in an independent cohort of 40 patients to validate the prognostic value of the optimal RS. Results Three, five, and six radiomics features were finally selected for the pre-NAC, post-NAC, and delta feature sets. The delta model demonstrated the best performance in assessing TRG in both the training and the validation cohorts (AUCs=0.91 and 0.76, respectively; P>0.1). The optimal RS from the delta model showed a significant capability to predict survival in the independent cohort ( P<0.05). Conclusion Delta radiomics based on DECT images serves as a potential biomarker for TRG evaluation and shows prognostic value for patients with GC treated with NAC.
Meta-analysis of the efficacy of adding platelet-rich plasma to 308-nm excimer laser for patients with vitiligo
Authors: Chen Jiaoquan , Yu Nanji , Li Huaping , Tang Yi , Zhu Huilan 
Published: September 2022

Objective Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a novel treatment option for vitiligo. PRP has been reported to be effective in combination with 308-nm excimer laser therapy, but there is no consensus on their combination use. Therefore, this meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of the combination regimen in patients with vitiligo compared with laser therapy alone. Methods The meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang to identify relevant publications published through 1 February 2022. Results Six studies involving 302 patients were included. Compared with phototherapy alone, combination treatment with PRP and 308-nm excimer laser therapy significantly improved the total response rate and reduced the no response rate. Additionally, the proportions of patients with repigmentation rates of ≥75%, ≥50%, and ≥25% were significantly higher in the combination group than in the monotherapy group. In addition, the rates of adverse events for combination therapy were comparable to those for laser therapy alone, and the recurrence rates were low. Conclusions This meta-analysis provided evidence supporting the combined use of PRP and 308-nm excimer laser therapy as a valuable treatment modality for patients with vitiligo based on its superiority to monotherapy.