bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with ischemic stroke of undetermined etiology
Authors: Rakhimova I. R. , Khaibullin T. N. , Kovalchuk V. V. , Semenova Yu. M. , Abdrakhmanov A. S. 
Published: February 2022

Aim To identify a complex of predictors and to create a mathematical model for prognosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with ischemic stroke of undetermined etiology. Material and methods The study included 981 patients with ischemic stroke. Effects of the following factors were evaluated: gender, a history of stroke, a history of thromboembolism, presence of diabetes mellitus, grade of arterial hypertension, functional class (FC) of chronic heart failure (CHF), age, data of blood biochemistry, and data of coagulogram. The prognostic model was constructed using the binary logistic regression. The value of area under the ROC curve for the proposed prognostic model was calculated.Results The main predictors of AF in patients with ischemic stroke of undetermined etiology were CHF FC, a history of stroke, age, gender, values of cholesterol and prothrombin index, which were included into the final prognostic model. The sensitivity of the developed model was 83.5 % and the specificity was 85.5 %. The area under the ROC curve corresponding to the interrelation between the prognosis of AF and the regression function value was 0.921±0.012 with 95 % confidence interval: 0.898–0.944.Conclusion According to the results of the study, the probability of AF in patients with ischemic stroke increased with CHF progression, recurrent stroke, older age, female gender, and reduced prothrombin index and cholesterol level.
Possible pathway for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction prevention and treatment: the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor effect on endothelial function in comorbid patients
Authors: Safonova Ju. I. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Danilogorskaya Yu. A. , Zheleznykh E. A. , Ilgisonis I. S. , Privalova E. V. , Khabarova N. V. , Belenkov Yu. N. 
Published: February 2022

Aim To evaluate the effect of perindopril on the endothelial function and levels of endothelial dysfunction markers in groups of patients with heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) and mid-range (intermediate) left ventricular ejection fraction (HFmrEF).Material and methods 40 patients with HFpEF (n=20) and HFmrEF (n=20) were evaluated. At baseline, parameters of the morpho-functional state of large blood vessels and of microvessels were evaluated with photoplethysmography, and levels of E-selectin and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured. The patients were prescribed perindopril, and after 12 months of treatment, photoplethysmographic parameters and endothelial dysfunction markers were determined again.Results After 12 months of the perindopril treatment, improvements in the endothelial function of both large blood vessels and microvessels were noted. The phase shift increased from 10.1 to 10.9 ms in the HFpEF group (р=0.001) and from 8.35 to 9.65 ms in the HFmrEF group (р=0.002). Furthermore, the occlusion index increased from 1.45 to 1.75 in patients with HFpEF (р=0.004) and from 1.5 to 1.75 in patients with HFmrEF (р=0.010). The Е-selectin concentration decreased in both groups, from 57.25 to 42.4 ng/ml (р=0.00008) and from 40.5 to 35.7 ng/ml (р=0.010) in patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF, respectively. The ET-1 concentration decreased from pg/ml (р=0.010) in patients with HFpEF whereas in patients with HFmrEF, there was no significant change in the ET-1 concentration after 12 months of the perindopril treatment.Conclusion At 12 months, the endothelial function improved and E-selectin and ET-1 levels decreased in patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF.
Analgesic efficacy of preoperative single dose intravenous dexamethasone in pediatric tonsillectomies by either sharp snare dissection technique or laser technique: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Naik Dinesh , Jyothi B  , Kirthika G  
Published: February 2022

This study was designed to evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone, and also to determine the postoperative rescue analgesic consumption, morbidity with respect to surgical technique, quality of oral intake, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and discharge from hospital. After ethical committee clearance, a prospective randomized double blind study was planned for one year period on 100 pediatric patients, with5-12 years of age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical class I and II, undergoing elective tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated into 4 groups and received the study drug intravenously 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Group A undergoing sharp snare dissection tonsillectomy received 0.9% normal saline 50ml, group B sharp snare dissection tonsillectomy received dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg diluted in 0.9% normal saline, group C laser tonsillectomy received 0.9% normal saline 50 ml, group D laser tonsillectomy received dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg diluted in 0.9% normal saline.We observed statistically significant difference in mean pain scores (p&#60;0.05) between dexamethasone group (group B and D) and control group (group A and C) measured by KruskalWallis analysis of Variance test with less pain in dexamethasone group.Single dose intravenous administration of dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) resulted in reduction of post-operative pain, need for rescue analgesics, reduced incidence of PONV, early return to normal diet and discharge from the hospital.
A retrospective study of the effect of dexmedetomidine infusion in cochlear implant surgery among pediatric patients
Authors: Patel Vishwal I , Dhedhi Darshna , Pandya Komal , Sharma Gaurav , Patel Richa 
Published: February 2022

Cochlear implantation surgery is usually performed in paediatric patient of 1 to 7 years of age with congenital deaf-mutism. Good results in this surgery are obtained by providing bloodless surgical field with controlled hypotension and postoperative smooth outcome. To anaesthetize these patients, we are using Inj Propofol, Inj fentanyl, Sevoflurane, Dexmedetomidine infusion and muscle relaxants. Dexmedetomidine is an active isomer of medetomidine and an agonist at α2 –adreno receptors. Medetomidine provides perioperative sedation and analgesia thus decreasing other general anaesthetic drug requirement, reduced postoperative pain score, postoperative delirium and other complications.To determine that inj. Dexmedetomidine infusion is a suitable agent for haemodynamic stability, decreases need of other general anesthetic drug requirement intraoperatively and improves post-operative outcome in cochlear implant surgery.This study was conducted at a rural tertiary care center, which included 100 samples of pediatric patients (1-7 years of age group) who went through cochlear implant surgeries in last 3 years. Among all patients, heart rate (HR) remained stable and there was no significant difference between baseline HR and intra-op HR (P=0.3098). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was decreased significantly compared to baseline reading (P value &#60; 0.0001), but the diastolic blood pressure was not decreased significantly (P= 0.0612).Dexmedetomidine provides stable haemodynamics, acceptable hypotensive state, good surgical field and excellent analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery.
Anaesthetic management for a patient with Eisenmengers syndrome undergoing ovarian cystectomy
Authors: Chaudhuri Amartya , Panjwani Shefali , Kulkarni Vinaya , Pandit Savita 
Published: February 2022

Eisenmenger's syndrome is a cyanotic congenital heart disease, where septal defects or patent ductus arteriosus advances to pulmonary hypertension with reversed/ bidirectional shunt. Any condition that lowers systemic vascular resistance, increases the degree of right to left shunt and the risk for the patient. Case Presentation: We report anaesthetic management of a 25-year-old P2L2 Female weighing 50kg with Eisenmenger's syndrome presented with an 8.3cm×7.5cm×8.4cm right ovarian cyst posted for ovarian cystectomy. The procedure was done under epidural anaesthesia, & post-operatively epidural analgesia was administered for 48 hours. After removal of epidural catheter, multimodal analgesia and anticoagulant therapy with Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH)5000 IU by subcutaneous route was initiated. The mainstay of anaesthetic management in Eisenmenger's syndrome revolves around providing analgesia without decreasing systemic vascular resistance, or increasing pulmonary vascular resistance. Other concerns are hypercoagulable state, global hypoxia, Volume overload, hypercarbia, acidosis, hypovolemia. Systemic hypotension and increased pulmonary resistance associated with General Anaesthesia, & marked sympathectomy associated with spinal anaesthesia make both these modes of anaesthesia relatively risky compared to the plain epidural. Other concerns addressed during perioperative management were Oxygen support, early thromboprophylaxis, infective endocarditis prophylaxis, fluid restriction, and correction of acidosis.
Non Typhoidal Salmonellae and its aetiological spectrum-An overview with Indian perspective
Authors: Antony Beena 
Published: February 2022

Non Typhoidal Salmonellae (NTS) is emerging as a major health problem. NTS serovars have a wide variety of host range varying from domestic animals, aquatic fauna, reptiles, arthropods, leafy vegetables and many more. This zoonotic infection manifests as self limited gastroenteritis associated with food poisoning to fatal extra intestinal invasive infections. In this overview, an attempt is made to compile the documented reports due to NTS from Indian subcontinent for the last 5 decades, searching the available databases. These reports emphasizes the role of NTS in diverse clinical infections and the possible links of transmission. Prophylactic measures such as adoption of quality measures in fish and meat processing units, vaccination of farm animals, serotyping of all NTS strains, above all health education and public awareness program should be made mandatory to minimize the incidence of NTS in our country.
Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing Ventilator associated respiratory infections at a tertiary care center of India
Authors: Kakati Barnali , Koul Nupur , Agarwal Sonika , Mittal Garima 
Published: February 2022

A rise in Multidrug resistant causing ventilator-associated respiratory infections (VARIs) is posing a therapeutic challenge for physicians and diagnosticians worldwide. Timely detection and reporting of these robust multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens would be useful in not only guiding an appropriate empirical therapy but also in controlling the spread of these drug resistant strains in the ICUs and hospital. : To detect in Endotracheal secretions of suspected cases of Ventilator-associated respiratory infections (VARIs) and report the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern for the same. : Observational study conducted for a one year period in Department of Microbiology and ICU of tertiary care center for all suspected cases of VARIs above age of 18 years.: The study showed that out of the 131 endotracheal samples received from suspected cases of VARI, was isolated among 29.6% (45). Monomicrobial growth was found in 39 and Polymicrobial growth in 6 samples. Almost all isolates were found to be multidrug resistant. Drug resistance was found against Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Piperacillin-tazobactam and Fluroquinolones. These MDR pathogens were found sensitive to Tigecycline (26%), Tetracycline (16%) and Ampicillin-sulbactam (11%).: MDR is a rising nosocomial pathogen commonly isolated from critically ill mechanically ventilated patients, timely detection of the same and reporting the drug sensitivity would ensure starting of an appropriate empirical therapy for management and a better prognosis for the patient.
Study of rise in cases of mucormycosis during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Joshi Pankaj A , Tissopi Subhadra , Shikhare Vishakha , Ramteerthakar Meena , Kulkarni Vanita A 
Published: February 2022

There are reports of the rise of Rhino-orbital mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Mucormycosis developed in patients who had the history of COVID-19 infection, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with associated co-morbidities like hypertension, bilateral pneumonia, ischemic heart disease and concurrent use of steroids and oxygen therapy. So, to understand the association of mucormycosis with COVID-19 and other co-morbidities, we conducted a systemic study of mucormycosis in people with COVID-19.Tissue samples of patients, clinically and radiologically suspected of mucormycosis, received in microbiology department were examined by KOH mount microscopically and cultured on SDA. The culture isolates were then subjected to lactophenol cotton blue for identification.A total of 35(72.91%) samples were positive for fungal filaments in either KOH mount or fungal growth on SDA. spp. was most commonly isolated in culture, followed by spp. Mucormycosis was predominantly seen in males, 37(77.08%), than in females, 11(22.91%). The commonest risk factors associated with mucormycosis were COVID-19 positivity 42(87.5%) and diabetes mellitus 41(85.41%).: To reduce the risk of fungal infection, all efforts should be made to maintain blood glucose levels under control and judicious use of corticosteroids in patients with COVID-19.
Phenotypic characterization of Acinetobacter species and their resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bhatawadekar Sunita M , Ravan Teimoor Roshan , Modak Meera S 
Published: February 2022

is an emerging opportunistic pathogen and increasingly implicated in hospital acquired infection especially in intensive care unit. The infection caused by spp. is difficult to control due to multi drug resistance which limits its therapeutic options. This study was undertaken to isolate from various clinical samples and to speciate isolates. Efforts were made to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of species and to detect metallo beta lactamase producing strains. Clinical samples blood, urine, sputum, pus, body fluids and ETT sample received in microbiology laboratory were processed according to the standard laboratory procedure. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by VITEK-2 automated method. All the isolates that showed resistance to Imipenem were tested for Metallo – Beta – Lactamase (MBL) production by phenotypic test, Imipenem-EDTA-combined disc test method. Out of total 100 spp isolated from clinical samples, 80 were isolated from critical care units. baumannii was common spp 88 (88%), followed by A.complex 10 (10%). Isolation rate of species was highest from blood (27%) specimens followed by ETT (19%). 44% strains of were isolated from respiratory samples. 84(84%) spp, were carbapenem resistant. Out of 84 carbapenems resistant strains 48 (57%) were MBL positive strains by combined disc test. Emergence of MBLs producing strains of is alarming and reflects excessive use of carbapenems. Therefore early detection and prompt infection control measures is important to prevent further spread of MBLs to other Gram negative bacilli.
Anaphylaxis in Cold Induced Urticaria: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: González-Díaz Sandra Nora , Fuentes-Lara Elma Isela , De Lira Quezada Cindy Elizabeth , Villarreal- González Rosalaura Virginia , Cruz-Cruz Rodrigo Alejandro de la 
Published: February 2022

Cold-induced urticaria is considered as a subtype of physical urticaria and also the second most common type of chronic inducible urticaria. Contact with cold surfaces or the environment may cause systemic reactions, especially during aquatic activities. A 22-year-old female patient with a history of sulfa drug allergy began her condition 2 years before the presence of generalized pruritic erythema with hives as well as 2 episodes that had been characterized by facial angioedema and syncope 3-5 minutes after being in contact with cold air or surfaces. On both events, she had just been outdoors on a cold, winter day. She was suspected to have cold-induced urticaria; thereby she had a positive reaction to the ice cube test. Due to the previous episodes of anaphylaxis, the patient was trained to administer intramuscular epinephrine. After 4 weeks of starting the treatment with antihistamines, no new events or injuries had occurred. Cold-induced urticaria may cause life-threatening reactions. The rate of anaphylaxis in these patients is low however, this case is presented to inform the importance of identifying this type of systemic reaction and preventing strategies.
The Effectiveness of Fluoride Varnish and Fissure Sealant in Elementary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jafarzadeh Dariush , Rezapour Ramin , Abbasi Teimour , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Zeinolabedini Maryam , Khalili Assef , Yousefi Mahmood 
Published: February 2022

Background: Highly necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions to prioritize them at the community level. We aimed to systematically investigate the related studies on the effects of fluoride varnish and fissure sealant on dental caries in 6-12 children.
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases using Fluoride Varnish, Fissure Sealant, Caries, and Oral Health keywords. The timeframe selected to search for articles is from 2000 to Dec 2020. CMA software: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was used to perform the meta-analysis. The intervention groups in this study were fluoride varnish and fissure sealants, each of them compared to the control groups.
Results: We included nine studies. In the intervention group 84,380 and control group 11,254 individuals were studied. Eight of the studies were Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) and Field RCT, and two was non-RCT. In the overall Fluoride Varnish efficacy study, 4 were fully effective, 1 was ineffective, and all 4 were completely effective for Fissure Sealant. There was a significant difference between decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft) indices in both interventions and comparison groups. Moreover, the mean difference of DMFT for Fluoride Varnish and Fissure Sealant in the intervention and control groups were -0.55 and -0.29, respectively (P=0.00).
Conclusion: Due to the efficacy of fissure sealant and fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries in children aged 6-12 yr, these interventions can be considered as health priorities of societies and health systems interventions in countries.
Evaluation of Microleakage and Biocompatibility of Universal Adhesive Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Comparative In Vitro Study
Authors: Koohpeima F , Mokhtari MJ , Salari M 
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: Although dental composites have undergone a high level of development in recent years, there are still difficulties including microleakage. The incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) in dental materials can produce antibacterial effects, but the effect of TiO2 NPs on microleakage has not yet been investigated. The present study aimed to determine the effect of TiO2 NPs incorporation in the universal single bond and pretreatment with them on microleakage of clV cavities using both total-etch and self-etch approaches.
Materials & Methods: Standard clV cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the sixty non-carious human molar teeth. The restoration of samples was carried out with 6 different methods and randomly divided into six groups of ten subjects. Microleakage in both gingival and occlusal margins was determined after placement in 2% basic fuschin solution for 24h. Biocompatibility of a universal single bond was evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: In both occlusal and gingival margins in all groups, the application of TiO2 NPs was better than no application. We observed the relatively low cytotoxic effect of TiO2 NPs incorporated in the universal adhesive on NIH-3T3 cell viability.
Conclusion: Regarding the limitations of the present investigation, using TiO2 NPs with both total-etch and self-etch approaches to universal single bond may lead to a decrease in the microleakage of resin composite restorations.
Histopathological changes caused by noise exposure in lung, heart, kidney, and liver tissues in New Zealand white rabbits
Authors: Abouee Mehrizi Amirreza , Rasoulzadeh Yahya , Moucheshi Shamseddin Saed , Mehdipour Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Noise exposure is a common phenomenon in all personal life activities. Due to the prevalence of exposure to noise, many people are exposed to noise. Some of the harmful effects of noise on human health have been proven so far. The purpose of this study was to experiment histopathological effects caused by exposure to white noise.
Materials and methods: Four New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 85±2 dB white noise for five consequent days. Heart, kidney, liver, and lung tissues were studied by the Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E) method. The independent t-test was used for comparing the mean weight of tissues.
Results: This study showed that exposure to 85±2 dB white noise did not significantly change heart and lungs tissues. Nevertheless, this study indicated that exposure to noise induced different pathological changes in kidney and liver tissues. Exposure to noise made congestion, unclear brush border, and tubular cell vacuolization in kidney tissue. Moreover, eosinophilic cytoplasm was made by noise exposure in liver tissue. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was detected in the mean tissue weight/mean body weight in rabbits.
Conclusion: This study showed that exposure to noise might be a risk factor for different renal and hepatic diseases. Nevertheless, more studies need to complete these results.
Evaluation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration in the city of Khorramabad gas stations using AERMOD and ArcGIS
Authors: Rashidi Rajab , Faridan Mohammad , Kamarehie Bahram , Azimi Faramarz 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In the present study, the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from gas stations located in the city of Khorramabad and its impact on the environment was investigated based on the AERMOD dispersion model and the preparation of maps in Geographic Information System (GIS).
Materials and methods: 7 gas stations were randomly selected and the values of VOCs emission in two seasons of the year (winter and summer) were examined. The Phochek 5000 direct reading device was used to measure VOC concentrations. R 3.6.3 was used for the data analysis.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference among the gas stations in terms of VOCs emission (P>0.05). The highest mean concentration observed at gas station No. 6 with 7.7± 6.48 mg/m3 while the lowest concentration was at gas station number 3 with a concentration of 0.52±0.18 mg/m3. The results from the anova revealed that there was a significant difference between the seasons in terms of the VOCs emission (P<0.05). The mean concentration of the VOCs was 3.58±2.77 mg/m3 in the summer and 2.53±2.4 mg/m3 in the winter.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the highest estimated concentration in the summer was recorded in the vicinity of gas station No. 6, which is located below Imam Hossein square. Due to the proximity of gas station No. 5 to gas station No. 6 as well as being in the direction of the prevailing wind, the concentrations of VOC emitted by these two gas stations will increase the estimated concentration around Imam Hossein square.