bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitral annular fibrous band—a unique morphological variant of a rare congenital mitral valve anomaly: a case report
Authors: Okafor Joseph , Vamvakidou Anastasia , Lyons Alexander R , Khattar Rajdeep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Left atrial bands are rare and can be associated with mitral valve dysfunction, heart failure, and stroke. Most cases are identified on autopsy, and the demonstration in vivo is very uncommon. Various anatomical configurations have been reported. This description of a mitral annular fibrous band contributes to the literature as the first reported case to traverse the supravalvular mitral inflow region, without involving the left atrium.

Case summary
A 59-year-old man with a history of metastatic duodenal carcinoma was admitted with a 2-week history of fever and rigors. Inflammatory markers were elevated and blood cultures positive for Enterococcus feacium. Transoesophageal echocardiography performed to investigate for infective endocarditis revealed a 2.3 cm long, thin fibrous band attached to the posterior mitral annulus and extending to the base of the middle scallop of the anterior mitral valve leaflet causing localized tethering, but no valve dysfunction. The band was felt to represent a bystander anatomic variant unrelated to the sepsis, which was most likely gastrointestinal in origin. The patient responded well to intravenous antibiotics.

Conclusions
The presence of an abnormal intracardiac structure in the setting of occult infection should always raise the suspicion of infective endocarditis. Using detailed 2D multiplanar and 3D transoesophageal echocardiography, we were able to identify the anomalous band and exclude any overt infective vegetations attached to the band or the leaflets. Once identified, treatment options range from conservative management to surgical resection and mitral valve surgery if concomitant valvular dysfunction is demonstrated.
An improved effective medium model for the electrical properties of granular rocks accounting for grain contact
Authors: Han Tongcheng , He Haiming , Fu Li-Yun 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY
Differential effective medium (DEM) model has been widely employed for the interpretation of electrical survey data. However, the contact of grains that is inevitably happening in reservoir rocks is not taken into account by the DEM model, making the model prediction underestimate the measured formation factor of clean granular rocks. We have developed a modified DEM model by introducing a geometric factor to account for the contact of grains that complicates the pore network and thus deviates the transportation of electrical current. The geometric factor is derived by fitting the measured formation factor from a large published data set of 111 clean sandstone samples, and is found to decrease exponentially with rock porosity. Comparison with laboratory data sets of various artificial and real clean sandstones shows that the modified DEM model improves the modelling results and fits satisfactorily the measured formation factor with varying porosity. The results illustrate the practical applicability of the developed closed-form model for the improved simulation of electrical properties of clean granular rocks, and suggest grain contact as a potential link for the joint elastic-electrical characterization of granular rocks through integrated seismic and electromagnetic surveys.
Obesity prevention and related public health advertising versus competing commercial advertising expenditure in Australia
Authors: Haynes Ashleigh , Bayly Megan , Dixon Helen , McAleese Alison , Martin Jane , Chen Yan Jun Michelle , Wakefield Melanie 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Mass media campaigns can change attitudes and behaviours to improve population health. However, a key challenge is achieving share of voice in a complex and cluttered media environment. The aim of this study was to compare advertising expenditure on public health campaigns for obesity prevention (and related healthy eating and physical activity campaigns) with competing commercial categories of (a) sugary drinks, (b) artificially sweetened drinks and (c) diet/weight loss products and programmes. These commercial products may either undermine or dilute public health messages by directly contributing to poor health or confusing the public about the best ways to sustain a healthy lifestyle. Monthly estimates of advertising expenditure in Australian media (television, outdoor, cinema, radio, newspapers, magazines and digital) were obtained from Nielsen Media for 2016–18. Eligible public health advertising expenditure for the entire period (total AUD$27M) was vastly outweighed by the commercial categories of sugary drinks (AUD$129M) and diet/weight loss products and services (AUD$122M). Artificially sweetened drinks accounted for an additional AUD$23M of expenditure. These results highlight the need to rebalance the ratio of advertising to support public health in Australia through increased funding for obesity prevention and related campaigns, and critically, through government regulation to limit competing commercial advertising.
Direct cosmological inference from three-dimensional correlations of the Lyman α forest
Authors: Gerardi Francesca , Cuceu Andrei , Font-Ribera Andreu , Joachimi Benjamin , Lemos Pablo 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
When performing cosmological inference, standard analyses of the Lyman α (Ly α) three-dimensional correlation functions only consider the information carried by the distinct peak produced by baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). In this work, we address whether this compression is sufficient to capture all the relevant cosmological information carried by these functions. We do this by performing a direct fit to the full shape, including all physical scales without compression, of synthetic Ly α autocorrelation functions and cross-correlations with quasars at effective redshift zeff = 2.3, assuming a DESI-like survey, and providing a comparison to the classic method applied to the same data set. Our approach leads to a $3.5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ constraint on the matter density ΩM, which is about three to four times better than what BAO alone can probe. The growth term fσ8(zeff) is constrained to the $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level, and the spectral index ns to $\sim 3-4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We demonstrate that the extra information resulting from our ‘direct fit’ approach, except for the ns constraint, can be traced back to the Alcock–Paczynski effect and redshift space distortion information.
First light and reionization epoch simulations (FLARES) V: the redshift frontier
Authors: Wilkins Stephen M , Vijayan Aswin P , Lovell Christopher C , Roper William J , Irodotou Dimitrios , Caruana Joseph , Seeyave Louise T C , Kuusisto Jussi K , Thomas Peter A , Parris Shedeur A K 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
JWST is set to transform many areas of astronomy, one of the most exciting is the expansion of the redshift frontier to z &gt; 10. In its first year, alone JWST should discover hundreds of galaxies, dwarfing the handful currently known. To prepare for these powerful observational constraints, we use the First Light And Reionization Epoch simulations (flares) to predict the physical and observational properties of the z &gt; 10 population of galaxies accessible to JWST. This is the first time such predictions have been made using a hydrodynamical model validated at low redshift. Our predictions at z = 10 are broadly in agreement with current observational constraints on the far-UV luminosity function and UV continuum slope β, though the observational uncertainties are large. We note tension with recent constraints z ∼ 13 from Harikane et al. (2021) – compared to these constraints, flares predicts objects with the same space density should have an order-of-magnitude lower luminosity, though this is mitigated slightly if dust attenuation is negligible in these systems. Our predictions suggest that in JWST’s first cycle alone, around 600 galaxies should be identified at z &gt; 10, with the first small samples available at z &gt; 13.
B-mode constraints from Planck low-multipole polarization data
Authors: de Belsunce Roger , Gratton Steven , Efstathiou George 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present constraints on primordial B modes from large-angular scale cosmic microwave background polarization anisotropies measured with the Planck satellite. To remove Galactic polarized foregrounds, we use a Bayesian parametric component separation method, modelling synchrotron radiation as a power law and thermal dust emission as a modified blackbody. This method propagates uncertainties from the foreground cleaning into the noise covariance matrices of the maps. We construct two likelihoods: (i) a semi-analytical cross-spectrum-based likelihood-approximation scheme (momento), and (ii) an exact polarization-only pixel-based likelihood (pixLike). Since momento is based on cross-spectra, it is statistically less powerful than pixLike, but is less sensitive to systematic errors correlated across frequencies. Both likelihoods give a tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, that is consistent with zero from low-multipole (2 ≤ ℓ &lt; 30) Planckpolarization data. From full-mission maps, we obtain r0.05 &lt; 0.274 at 95 per cent confidence at a pivot scale of k* ≡ 0.05 Mpc−1, using pixLike. momento gives a qualitatively similar but weaker 95 per cent confidence limit of r0.05 &lt; 0.408.
Accretion process, magnetic fields, and apsidal motion in the pre-main sequence binary DQ Tau
Authors: Pouilly Kim , Kochukhov Oleg , Kóspál Ágnes , Hahlin Axel , Carmona Andres , Ábrahám Péter 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) are young stellar objects that accrete materials from their accretion disc influenced by their strong magnetic field. The magnetic pressure truncates the disc at a few stellar radii and forces the material to leave the disc plane and fall onto the stellar surface by following the magnetic field lines. However, this global scheme may be disturbed by the presence of a companion interacting gravitationally with the accreting component. This work is aiming to study the accretion and the magnetic field of the tight eccentric binary DQ Tau, composed of two equal-mass (∼ 0.6 M⊙) CTTSs interacting at different orbital phases. We investigated the variability of the system using a high-resolution spectroscopic and spectropolarimetric monitoring performed with ESPaDOnS at the CFHT. We provide the first ever magnetic field analysis of this system, the Zeeman–Doppler imaging revealed a stronger magnetic field for the secondary than the primary (1.2 and 0.5 kG, respectively), but the small-scale fields analysed through Zeeman intensification yielded similar strengths (about 2.5 kG). The magnetic field topology and strengths are compatible with the accretion processes on CTTSs. Both components of this system are accreting, with a change of the main accretor during the orbital motion. In addition, the system displays a strong enhancement of the mass accretion rate at periastron and apastron. We also discovered, for the first time in this system, the apsidal motion of the orbital ellipse.
Intensification of magnetic field in merging magnetic flux tubes driven by supergranular vortical flows
Authors: Chian Abraham C-L , Rempel Erico L , Silva Suzana S A , Bellot Rubio Luis , Gošić Milan 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The spatiotemporal dynamics of vorticity and magnetic field in the region of a photospheric vortex at a supergranular junction of the quiet Sun is studied, using Hinode’s continuum intensity images and longitudinal magnetograms. We show that in a 30-min interval during the vortex lifetime, the magnetic field is intensified at the centres of two merging magnetic flux tubes trapped inside the vortex boundary. Moreover, we show that the electric current density is intensified at the interface boundary layers of merging tubes, resulting from strong vortical downflows in a supergranular vertex. Evidence of Lagrangian chaos and vortex stretching in the photospheric plasma turbulence responsible for driving the intensification of magnetic fields is analysed. In particular, we report the first solar observation of the intensification of electromagnetic energy flux resulting from the merger of magnetic flux tubes.
XGAPS: a sub-arcsec cross-match of galactic plane surveys
Authors: Scaringi S , Monguió M , Knigge C , Fratta M , Gänsicke B , Groot P J , Rebassa-Mansergas A , Toloza O 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a sub-arcsec cross-match of Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) against the INT Galactic Plane Surveys (IGAPS) and the United Kingdom Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The resulting cross-match of Galactic Plane Surveys (XGAPS) provides additional precise photometry (URGO, g, r, i, Hα, J, H, and K) to the Gaia photometry. In building the catalogue, proper motions given in Gaia DR3 are wound back to match the epochs of the IGAPS constituent surveys (INT Photometric HαSurvey of the Northern Galactic Plane, IPHAS, and the UV-Excess Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane, UVEX) and UKIDSS, ensuring high-proper motion objects are appropriately cross-matched. The catalogue contains 33 987 180 sources. The requirement of &gt;3σ parallax detection for every included source means that distances out to 1–1.5 kpc are well covered. In producing XGAPS, we have also trained a Random Forest classifier to discern targets with problematic astrometric solutions. Selection cuts based on the classifier results can be used to clean colour-magnitude and colour–colour diagrams in a controlled and justified manner, as well as producing subsets of astrometrically reliable targets. We provide XGAPS as a 111 column table. Uses of the catalogue include the selection of Galactic targets for multi-object spectroscopic surveys as well as identification of specific Galactic populations.
Identification of glioblastoma-specific antigens expressed in patient-derived tumor cells as candidate targets for chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy
Authors: Nakagawa Tomoyoshi , Kijima Noriyuki , Hasegawa Kana , Ikeda Shunya , Yaga Moto , Wibowo Tansri , Tachi Tetsuro , Kuroda Hideki , Hirayama Ryuichi , Okita Yoshiko , Kinoshita Manabu , Kagawa Naoki , Kanemura Yonehiro , Hosen Naoki , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
New therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) are urgently needed because the disease prognosis is poor. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy that targets GBM-specific cell surface antigens is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, extensive transcriptome analyses have uncovered few GBM-specific target antigens.

Methods
We established a library of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against a tumor cell line derived from a patient with GBM. We identified mAbs that reacted with tumor cell lines from patients with GBM but not with nonmalignant human brain cells. We then detected the antigens they recognized using expression cloning. CAR-T cells derived from a candidate mAb were generated and tested in vitro and in vivo.

Results
We detected 507 mAbs that bound to tumor cell lines from patients with GBM. Among them, E61 and A13 reacted with tumor cell lines from most patients with GBM, but not with nonmalignant human brain cells. We found that B7-H3 was the antigen recognized but E61. CAR-T cells were established using the antigen-recognition domain of E61-secreted cytokines and exerted cytotoxicity in co-culture with tumor cells from patients with GBM.

Conclusions
Cancer-specific targets for CAR-T cells were identified using a mAb library raised against primary GBM tumor cells from a patient. We identified a GBM-specific mAb and its antigen. More mAbs against various GBM samples and novel target antigens are expected to be identified using this strategy.
Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of Dependence Measures for Exclusive Electronic Cigarette Users
Authors: Milstred Andrea R , Douglas Ashley E , Romm Katelyn F , Blank Melissa D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Extant electronic cigarette (ECIG) dependence measures are largely adapted from those designed for cigarette smoking, though few have been evaluated for their psychometric properties.

Aims and Methods
Never-smoking ECIG users (N = 134) participating in an online survey completed four dependence measures: Penn state electronic cigarette dependence index (PSECDI), e-cigarette dependence scale (EDS-4), diagnostic and statistical manual for tobacco use disorder (DSM-5), and Glover Nilsson behavioral questionnaire (GNBQ). They also reported on their ECIG use characteristics (eg, behaviors and reasons).

Results
Internal consistency was highest for the EDS-4 (Cronbach’s α = 0.88) followed by the GNBQ (α = 0.75), PSECDI (α = 0.72), and DSM (α = 0.71). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a single-factor structure for the PSECDI, EDS-4, and GNBQ. For the DSM-5, however, two items did not load significantly (ECIG use interferes with responsibilities; reduce/give up activities because of ECIG use). Significant correlations were observed between all measures and the number of ECIG use days/week and/or years using ECIGs, as well as between DSM-5 scores and the number of ECIG quit attempts and initiation age. Endorsement of using ECIGs because “I like flavors” was correlated positively with DSM-5 and GNBQ scores.

Conclusions
All dependence measures evaluated herein demonstrated adequate reliability and construct validity. Future work should focus on determining which aspects of dependence are those that are unique to ECIG use, and subsequently developing a more comprehensive measure of ECIG dependence.

Implications
The measures assessed herein—PSECDI, EDS-4, DSM-5, and GNBQ—demonstrated adequate to good reliability and construct validity among a sample of never-smoking ECIG users. The dependence domains covered across measures were related yet distinct. Findings demonstrate the need for future evaluation of these different domains to determine which are the most salient characteristics of ECIG dependence.
Prison officers’ experiences of aggression: implications for sleep and recovery
Authors: Kinman G , Clements A J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Prison officers are at high risk of assault that can impair their mental as well as physical health. Such experiences can also disrupt sleep, with negative implications for well-being and job performance. To manage this risk, insight is needed into the mechanisms by which experiencing aggression from prisoners can affect officers’ sleep quality. By impairing recovery processes, work-related hypervigilance and rumination might be key factors in this association.

Aims
To examine prison officers’ personal experiences of aggression and associations with sleep quality. Also, to consider whether work-related hypervigilance and rumination mediate the relationship between exposure to aggression and sleep.

Methods
We assessed prison officers’ experiences of aggression and violence, work-related hypervigilance and rumination via an online survey. The PROMIS was used to measure the quality of sleep.

Results
The study sample comprised 1,806 prison officers (86.8% male). A significant relationship was found between the frequency of experiences of aggression at work and the quality of sleep. Work-related hypervigilance and rumination were significantly associated with sleep quality and mediated the relationship between workplace aggression and sleep quality.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that enhancing the safety climate in prisons might improve officers’ quality of sleep that, in turn, could benefit their wellbeing and performance. Implementing individual-level strategies to help prison officers manage hypervigilance and rumination, and therefore facilitate recovery, should also be effective in improving their sleep.
Prevalence of Polypharmacy in Patients With Vestibular and Balance Complaints
Authors: Jeong Seth S. , Chen Tiffany , Timor Tatianna A. , Busch Adrienne L. , Meyer Ted A. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Rizk Habib G. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
To determine the prevalence of polypharmacy in patients presenting with dizziness to a tertiary neurotology clinic and analyze the association between polypharmacy and clinical characteristics.

Design:
Retrospective, cross-sectional review. Demographics, symptoms, diagnoses, medications, audiometry, dizziness handicap index (DHI) scores, and cognitive failure questionnaire (CFQ) scores were extracted from charts of patients seen as new patients from September 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020, with a primary complaint of dizziness.

Results:
A total of 382 patients were included. More than two-thirds of the patients (n = 265, 69.4%) met criteria for polypharmacy (≥5 medications), of which most (n = 249, 94.0%) were prescribed a potentially ototoxic drug. Approximately 10% of patients were taking five or more ototoxic medications (oto-polypharmacy). Polypharmacy was correlated to age and was more common for patients with diabetes, hypertension, other cardiovascular comorbidities, and depression (odds ratio [OR], 3.73–6.67; p < 0.05). Polypharmacy was twice as likely in patients with mild to moderate hearing loss (OR 2.02 [1.24–3.29] and OR 2.13 [1.06–4.27], respectively; p < 0.05) and ~1.5× more likely in patients who had moderate to severe DHI scores (OR 1.65 [1.05–2.59] and OR 1.63 [1.00–2.65], respectively; p < 0.05). Patients with polypharmacy also had higher CFQ scores compared to those without polypharmacy (CFQ 32.5 [19.0–48.0] versus CFQ 25.0 [13.0–40.0]; p = 0.002. Oto-polypharmacy was more common for patients with lightheadedness as a dizziness descriptor (OR 3.16 [1.56–6.41]; p < 0.01). However, oto-polypharmacy was only more common for patients with mild to moderate hearing loss (OR 2.69 [1.33–5.45] and OR 2.86 [1.31–6.20], respectively; p < 0.01) and severe DHI scores (2.31 [1.12–4.77], p = 0.02).

Conclusions:
The prevalence of polypharmacy in patients with vestibular disorders is high. Some of the medications that patients are on are also potentially ototoxic at variable degrees. Polypharmacy is more common when lightheadedness is one of the dizziness descriptors and seems to be associated with worse scores on patient-reported outcome measures (DHI, CFQ). Medication reconciliation and multidisciplinary involvement could help to better address polypharmacy in this patient population. However, further investigation is needed to elucidate polypharmacy’s role in symptom presentation, vestibular testing results, and therapeutic strategies.