bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yausa and M.Oleifera as natural coagulants for conventional water treatment
Authors: Gámez Lorena Salazar , Jojoa Edgar Narvaez , Cano Roberto Salazar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Colombia there is a large gap between urban and rural areas in terms of the coverage of water and sanitation infrastructure. In 2018 there was a water supply system coverage of 87.6% in urban areas and 35% in rural areas. Some studies report that in 2017, 53.6% of the rural population did not have access to drinking water, given that these areas of the country are spread out in zones where conventional treatment systems are not adequate.
This study focuses on the color and turbidity removal performance of two natural coagulants at a given turbidity level; 40 – 50 NTU. The first of which, Moringa Oleifera, is widely known for its properties as a coagulant, and the other is Yausa (Abutilon Insigne Planch), a native plant species of Colombia that is used in an artisanal process of sugar extraction from sugar cane. Both natural coagulants were evaluated using a jar test procedure. Results showed that M. Oleifera and Yausa removed 90% and 93.6% turbidity respectively. For color removal, efficiencies of 95% and 85.3% were obtained respectively for M. Oleifera and Yausa.. Usage of natural coagulants (i.e M.Oleifera or Yausa) as opposed to chemical ones (i.e., alum), can be considered as an alternative for water treatment, especially in rural areas where the economic situation and access to chemical coagulants is difficult, and where the use of native species such as Yausa for industrial process is practiced.
Repeated Exposure to Lps Induces Sustained Neuroinflammation and Leptin Resistance
Authors: Silva Hellen Veida da , Debarba Lucas Kniess , Antunes-Rodrigues José , Elias Lucila Leico K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Repeated exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was shown to induce leptin resistance. This study aimed to assess hypothalamic neuroinflammation in animals challenged with repeated injections of LPS. Male C57Bl6 mice were assigned into three different groups according to the following treatments: 7 daily injections of saline (CT); 6 daily injections of saline + 1 injection of LPS on the last day (1LPS, 5ug/animal), or 7 daily injections of LPS (7LPS). After the single injection of LPS, there was a reduction in food intake and body weight. However, after the third injection, the 7LPS animals did not show the hypophagic effect, characterizing the desensitization to the endotoxin. To assess the responsiveness to leptin, control and LPS-treated groups received a leptin injection (5mg/kg, intraperitoneal) and food intake and the expression of p-STAT-3 in the hypothalamus were determined. Leptin injection reduced food intake and increased STAT3 phosphorylation in the control group, but not in the 7LPS group. Exogenous leptin did not present an additional effect on the 1LPS-induced hypophagia. We also observed that the expression of SOCS3, PTP1B, and TCPTP, leptin signaling counter-regulators, were increased in the 7LPS group compared to the control, but not in the 1LPS group. Furthermore, we observed neuroinflammation characterized by morphological microglial changes in both acute and repeated exposure to LPS, compared to the control group. These data indicate that repeated exposure to LPS leads to neuroinflammation, and expression of leptin counteracting proteins that ultimately contribute to leptin resistance in the hypothalamus.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of common indoor plants in improving the indoor air quality of studio apartments
Authors: Sharma Shambhavi , Bakht Ahtesham , Jahanzaib Muhammad , Lee Hyunsoo , Park Duckshin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
People spend most of their time indoors, and prolonged exposure to pollution can harm their health. The degradation of indoor air quality (IAQ) has raised serious issues. Botanical biofilters are an exciting solution for lowering indoor air pollution. However, plants cultivated inside under low light intensity (10–50 µ mole PAR m− 2 s− 1) generate CO2 in the indoor atmosphere. Combining C3 and CAM plants may be able to address this problem by lowering CO2 emission levels and enhancing the efficiency of pollution removal by removing the primary indoor air pollutants from actual interior settings, including Carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde (HCHO), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). As a result, a successful botanical biofilter made of several plants was researched. Indoor plants can phytoremediate a variety of indoor contaminants. However, just a few studies have demonstrated its efficacy in practical contexts. Due to the harsh winter, apartments in South Korea are frequently closed, necessitating the measurement of interior air pollution concentration in real time. Four apartments (APT I through APT IV) with various ventilation and indoor plant setups were selected for this investigation. Various combinations of indoor environment (ventilation, low light) and a combination of C3 and CAM indoor plants as a botanical biofilter were used to study the sites over two months. Current research indicates that combining a botanical biofilter with ventilation can reduce levels of CO2, TVOCs, HCHO, PM2.5, and PM10 by 76%, 87%, 75%, 52%, and 51%, respectively. The current study concluded that different indoor potted plants provide an effective, affordable, self-regulating, sustainable option for enhancing indoor air quality and, consequently, human well-being and productivity in small, cramped places.
The non-vanishing imprint of gravitational waves as the result of its nonlinear evolution in the space
Authors: Gurwich Ioseph 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the nonlinear self-interaction of gravitational waves and its results, which appear in the spectral space. Many authors widely consider different nonlinear effects, among them, in the frame of the concept of "gravitational memory." We begin the study by analyzing harmonic waves. Theoretical analysis shows that higher harmonics do not have suitable conditions for energy accumulation. But our study shows another exciting result. It predicts the transformation of gravitational wave energy into a non-vanishing deformation of the metric on the background space (zero harmonic or generated static field in our terminology). In other words, the waves leave their imprint on the background space. Moreover, this imprint does not disappear after the damping of the gravitational impulse. In addition, it gradually accumulates contributions from various sources. The path of the Primordial Gravitational Wave is much weaker than in galaxies, and the static field created in the latter can be associated with additional mass. In this study, we evaluate the effects numerically.
PACS. PACS-key 04.30.Nk
Comparison and Parallel Implementation of Alternative Moving-Window Metrics of the Connectivity of Protected Areas Across Large Landscapes
Authors: Hughes Josie , Lucet Valentin , Barrett Griffin , Moran Scott , Manseau Micheline , Martin Amanda E. , Naujokaitis-Lewis Ilona , Dastis Jorge Octavio Negrín , Pither Richard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Context.
A variety of metrics can be used to measure connectivity of protected areas. Assumptions about animal movement and mortality vary among metrics. There is a need to better understand what to use and why, and how much conclusions depend on the choice of metric.
Objectives.
We compare selected raster-based moving-window metrics for assessing the connectivity of protected areas to natural habitat in the surrounding area, and develop tools to facilitate calculation of these metrics for large landscapes.
Methods.
We developed parallel implementations of distance-weighted sum and Spatial Absorbing Markov Chain methods in R packages to improve their useability for large landscapes. We investigated correlations among metrics for Canadian protected areas, varying background mortality, cost of movement, mean displacement, dispersal kernel shape, distance measure used, and the treatment of natural barriers such as water, ice, and steep slopes.
Results.
At smaller spatial scales (2–5 km mean displacement), correlations among metric variants are high, suggesting that any of the metrics we investigated will give similar results and simple metrics will suffice. Differences among metrics are most evident at larger spatial scales (20–40 km mean displacement) in moderately disturbed regions. Assumptions about the impact of natural barriers have a large impact on outcomes.
Conclusions.
In some circumstances different metrics give similar results, and simple distance-weighted metrics likely suffice. At large spatial scales in moderately disturbed regions there is less agreement among metrics, implying that more detailed information about disperser distribution, behaviour, and mortality risk is required for assessing connectivity.
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase is a potential prognostic gene in gastric cancer and associated with immune infiltration
Authors: Lei Lan , Lan Yu-yin , Chen Li-Ting , Wu Zhi-Bing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of digestive system with high morbidity and mortality. Reprogramming of glucose metabolism plays an important role in the occurrence and immune infiltration of gastric cancer.PFKFB3 is an efficient allosteric activator of glycolysis.Therefore, an in-depth understanding of PFKFB3 expression in the gastric cancer microenvironment and its effect on immune cells may help to find new ways to combat gastric cancer, thereby promoting existing therapeutic therapies.
Methods
We evaluated the expression of PFKFB3 in gastric cancer, its relationship with immune invasion and the value of clinical prognosis by a series of databases such as TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) and in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Results
PFKFB3 was overexpressed in gastric cancer, up-regulation of PFKFB3 usually predicted poor prognosis, and high PFKFB3 expression in gastric cancer was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS)).In addition, high expression of PFKFB3 correlates with immune cell infiltration and associated immune markers in the gastric cancer microenvironment.In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that high expression of PFKFB3 could promote the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer cells, and PFKFB3 antagonist treatment could delay the growth of gastric cancer cells.
Conclusion
High expression of PFKFB3 leads to poor prognosis of gastric cancer, that is, shorter OS and PFS.PFKFB3 is associated with levels of immune infiltration in gastric cancer patients, including B cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and macrophages.The results showed that PFKFB3 was associated with immune infiltration and could be used as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer.In addition, PFKFB3 expression may contribute to the regulation of gastric cancer macrophages, CD8 + T cells, TAM, Th1 cells and Treg, and is a potential biomarker for gastric cancer treatment, revealing the correlation between glucose metabolism reprogramming and gastric cancer immunotherapy.
The effect of ocular melanin density on human vision
Authors: Pirgourabi Parmida 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Without discussing the effect of ocular melanin density on vision, let us make the logical assumption that since melanin is a protective factor for the eye, its lower density causes more sunlight to damage vision cells. The question is not how the melanin density of the eye affects vision, but how the melanin density of the eye affects vision. The purpose of this manuscript is to try to answer this question.
Results: After the test, it was found that in lighter eye color, due to the lower density of melanin, less protection against the sun’s rays is provided to the vision cells, which caused the destruction or damage to the vision cells and makes the person perceive colors darker than people see that the density of melanin in the eyes is higher.
Conclusion: the color of each person’s eyes indicates the density of melanin in the eye, the lighter it is, the lower the density of melanin in the eye, and since the melanin in the eye has a protective role for the vision cells against solar rays, the lower its density, the more severe the damage from solar rays. The visual cells, especially the cylindrical ones, are increased and may affect the person’s vision.
Utility of Apneic Oxygenation with Intubation to Reduce Severe Desaturation and Adverse Tracheal Intubation Associated Events in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Napolitano Natalie , Polikoff Lee , Edwards Lauren , Tarquinio Keiko , Nett Sholeen , Krawiec Conrad , Kirby Aileen , Salfity Nina , Tellez David , Krahn Gordon , Breuer Ryan , Parsons Simon J. , Page-Goertz Christopher , Shults Justine , Nadkarni Vinay , Nishisaki Akira 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Determine if apneic oxygenation (AO) delivered via nasal cannula during the apneic phase of tracheal intubation (TI), reduces adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs) in children.
Methods
AO was implemented across 14 pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) as a quality improvement intervention during 2016–2020. Implementation consisted of an intubation safety checklist, leadership endorsement, local champion, and data feedback to frontline clinicians. Standardized oxygen flow via nasal cannula for AO were as follows: 5 liters/minute for infants (< 1 year), 10 liters/minute for young children (1–7 years), and 15 liters/minute for older children (≥ 8 years). Outcomes were the occurrence of adverse TIAEs (primary) and hypoxemia (SpO2 < 80%, secondary).
Results
Of 6,549 TIs during the study period, 2,554 (39.0%) occurred during the pre-implementation phase and 3,995 (61.0%) during post-implementation phase. AO utilization increased from 23–68%, p < 0.001. AO was utilized less often when intubating infants, those with a primary cardiac diagnosis or difficult airway features, and patient intubated due to respiratory or neurological failure or shock. Conversely, AO was used more often in TIs done for procedures and those assisted by video laryngoscopy. AO utilization was associated with a lower incidence of adverse TIAEs (AO 10.5% vs without AO 13.5%, p < 0.001), aOR 0.75 (95% CI 0.58–0.98, p = 0.03) after adjusting for site clustering (primary analysis). However, after further adjusting for patient and provider characteristics (secondary analysis), AO utilization was not independently associated with the occurrence of adverse TIAEs: aOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.72–1.12, p = 0.33. The occurrence of hypoxemia was not different: AO 14.2% vs without AO 15.2%, p = 0.43.
Conclusion
AO utilization was associated with a lower occurrence of adverse TIAEs in patients undergoing TI in the pediatric ICU.
Oxidation of Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Reusable Manganese Porphyrin under Mild Aqueous Conditions
Authors: Sokhandan-Koirim Zahra , Ghorbanloo Massomeh , Mokary-Yazdely Tahere 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present study aims to introduce a new catalytic system, namely poly[(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid-co-acrylonitrile)-Mn(III) meso tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphine briefly called p(NaAMPS-co-AN)‐[Mn(TMPyP)]. Free-radical polymerization at ambient temperature was employed to construct this catalytic system. To prepare this heterogeneous bi-phasic catalyst, poly(NaAMPS-co-AN) was axially grafted onto the metal centers of the MnIII composite. In order to identify the amounts of metals in prepared compound, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was utilized. The results indicated that p(NaAMPS-co-AN)‐[Mn(TMPyP)] had the potential to efficiently catalyze alcohol oxidation with high selectivity in the solid-liquid biphasic reaction system. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of alcohol oxidation by the reaction-controlled phase transfer catalyst system were compared in the presence of H2O2 and TBHP, as oxidants, in a biphasic environment. It was found that functioning as a nanoreactor, the prepared catalyst system facilitated the oxidation of alcohols in water, leading to the substantial acceleration of catalytic reaction rates. After the completion of the catalytic activity, the catalyst could be separated easily from the reaction media and reused without any activity loss. In effect, the quality of the catalyst remained the same for eight cycles. The excellent performance of p(NaAMPS-co-AN)‐[Mn(TMPyP] is mostly attributed to its macroporous structure which allow for a rapid diffusion of the reactants to the reactive Mn(III) centers. High stability and reusability of catalyst without leaching is may be due to the AN. In fact, p(NaAMPS-co-AN)‐[Mn(TMPyP)] has chemical cross-linker, MBA, and physical cross-linker, AN. In a similar vein, the FT-IR spectra and atomic absorption spectroscopy confirmed the great recyclability, durability, and leaching resistance of the catalyst.
Diversity and Abundance of Avifauna: Implications for Conservation and Ecotourism Development in Suba Forest, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Tassie Nega , Dejene Sintayehu W. , Elphick Chris , Mosisa Gemechis B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Birds are among essential taxa in various ecosystems where their presence/absence and status indicate conditions of the habitats. Bird watching can bring economic resources to communities diversifying their livelihoods and contributing to biodiversity conservation in areas of bird habitats. Hence, a detailed understanding of species biogeography, diversity, and abundance is critical ecological information to evaluate or develop conservation strategies. The present study was conducted to assess species diversity and abundance of avifauna during wet and dry seasons of 2021 implications for conservation and ecotourism development in the Suba forest, Central Ethiopia. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized to select sampling blocks from each habitat type. Data were collected using lines transect and points transect count methods. Diversity of the species was computed using the Simpson's and Shannon-Weiner diversity indices. A two-way ANOVA was applied to know the effect of habitat and seasonality on avian species richness and abundance.
Results: A total of 132 birds belonging to 51 families were identified during the study period. Among the recorded bird species, 124 were found to be residents. Four were endemic to Ethiopia, six were endemic to Ethiopia and Eritrea, and seven were globally threatened. The highest, H' = 4.569, and the lowest, H' = 3.935, of bird species was observed in natural forest and farmland habitats during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Approximately half of the recorded species were found to be common. The difference in habitat type and variation in the season had substantial effects on the species abundance and richness. Plantation forest and farmland habitats had more worth mentioning community similarity. The forest has frequently been visited by domestic tourists than foreign non- resident and foreign resident tourists in the last 10 years.
Conclusions: Suba forest is abundant in avifaunal resources with high ecotourism potential but lacks functioning conservation efforts and research. Thus, effective conservation measures and further research in other aspects of the forest are required.
First steps to study the demography of vascular epiphytes in cities
Authors: Mondragón Demetria , Mora-Flores Martha Patricia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUrban ecosystems could jeopardize the existence of vascular epiphytes (VS), given that their occurrence is linked to phorophyte availability and particular climatic conditions. Despite reports of VS in cities, nothing is known about their demography. A first step in this direction is to describe their population structures (PS). We established the PS of VS present in urban parks in Oaxaca City, addressing the following questions: what is their demographic status? and are there differences in the structure of populations growing in native versus exotic phorophytes? During 2021, we censused all the trees in six urban parks, recording their origin (native or exotic), the epiphytic species found on them and the development stages present in each VS population. Overall, five VS species were documented:Tillandsia ionantha,T. makoyana,T. sp,T. recurvataandT. schiedeana; the first three with only one individual and the latter two with 5,694 and 95, respectively. A MANOVA test indicated significant differences in PS betweenT. recurvata(type I structure, suggesting a growing population) andT. schiedeana(type III structure, suggesting a senile population) (Wilkes' λ = 0.821, F-Radio = 11.96 P < 0.001). PS showed no differences related to tree origin. Our results indicate that it is necessary to conduct demographic studies to have a more accurate idea of the current condition of vascular epiphytes in cities. For instance, even though we found five VS species, only one of them seems to have viable populations in Oaxaca city.
GPR137 promotes cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation in the neuro2A cells
Authors: Iwasa Kensuke , Yamagishi Anzu , Yamamoto Shinji , Haruta Chikara , Maruyama Kei , Yoshikawa Keisuke 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The orphan receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 137 (GPR137), is an integral membrane protein involved in several types of cancer. GPR137 is expressed ubiquitously, including in the central nervous system (CNS). We established a GPR137 knockout (KO) neuro2A cell line to analyze GPR137 function in neuronal cells. KO cells were generated by genome editing using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 and cultured as single cells by limited dilution. Rescue cells were then constructed to re-express GPR137 in GPR137 KO neuro2A cells using an expression vector with an EF1α promoter. GPR137 KO cells increased cellular proliferation and decreased neurite outgrowth (i.e., a lower level of neuronal differentiation). Furthermore, GPR137 KO cells exhibited increased expression of a cell cycle regulator, cyclin D1, and decreased expression of a neuronal differentiation marker, Neuro D1. Additionally, GPR137 KO cells exhibited lower expression levels of the neurite outgrowth markers STAT3 and GAP43. These phenotypes were all abrogated in the rescue cells. In conclusion, GPR137 deletion increased cellular proliferation and decreased neuronal differentiation, suggesting that GPR137 promotes cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation in neuro2A cells. Regulation of neuronal differentiation by GPR137 could be vital to constructing neuronal structure during brain development.