bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Diagnosis of depression level using multimodal approaches using deep learning techniques with multiple selective features
Authors: Meshram Pratiksha , Rambola Radha Krishna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDepression is a serious mental health condition that may lead to poor mental and emotional functioning at work, at school and in the family causing the mental imbalance. In worst scenarios, depression may lead to severe anxiety or suicide. Hence, it is necessary to diagnose depression at early stages. This paper elaborates the development of a novel approach for a convolutional neural network model that can examine facial images from the recorded interview sessions to discover facial patterns that could indicate depression level. The user‐generated data helps to distinguish between different depressive groups with depression symptoms that can manifest people with various mental illnesses in different ways. In particular, we want to automatically predict the depression scale and differentiate depression from other mental disorders using the patient's psychiatric illness history and dynamic textual descriptions extracted from the user inputs. We apply the k‐nearest neighbour algorithm on the dynamic textual descriptors to make a linguistic analysis for classifying mental illness into different classes. We apply dimensionality reduction and regression using the Random Forest algorithm to predict the depression scale. The proposed framework is an extension to pre‐existing frameworks, replacing the handcrafted feature extraction technique with the deep feature extraction. The model performs 2.7% better than existing frameworks in facial detection and feature extraction.
Modelling fatigue crack growth in shape memory alloys
Authors: Simoes Marlini , Braithwaite Christopher , Makaya Advenit , Martínez‐Pañeda Emilio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present a phase field‐based framework for modelling fatigue damage in Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). The model combines, for the first time: (i) a generalized phase field description of fracture, incorporating multiple phase field formulations, (ii) a constitutive model for SMAs, based on a Drucker–Prager form of the transformation surface, and (iii) a fatigue degradation function, with damage driven by both elastic and transformation strains. The theoretical framework is numerically implemented, and the resulting linearized system is solved using a robust monolithic scheme, based on quasi‐Newton methods. Several paradigmatic boundary value problems are addressed to gain insight into the role of transformation stresses, stress‐strain hysteresis, and temperature. Namely, we compute Δε − N curves, quantify Paris law parameters, and predict fatigue crack growth rates in several geometries. In addition, the potential of the model for solving large‐scale problems is demonstrated by simulating the fatigue failure of a 3D lattice structure.
Effect of CaCO3 addition on the performance of lightweight Al2O3‐MgAl2O4 refractories with gradient density
Authors: Gao Kui , Yin HongFeng , Xin YaLou , Tang Yun , Yuan HuDie , Ren XiaoHu , Liu YuChi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, to improve the comprehensive performance of lightweight Al2O3‐MgAl2O4 refractories with gradient density, CaCO3 was added in the matrix to develop platelet structures by adding different amounts (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%). The effect of CaCO3 addition on the phase composition, microstructure, and properties of lightweight refractories was investigated. The results showed that CaO·6Al2O3 and Ca2Mg2Al28O46 formed. Meanwhile, platelet structure is distributed at the junction between aggregate and matrix. With the increase of CaCO3 content, although there were no apparent changes in apparent porosity and bulk density, both the compressive strength and refractoriness under load improved significantly. Furthermore, the results of three‐point bending tests showed thermal shock resistance was improved in terms of the value of residual strength ratio from 14.2% to 22.5% for specimens before and after 4 wt% CaCO3 addition. The findings showed that the introduction of CaCO3 is feasible and effective for performance improvements of lightweight refractories.
Stance in academic blogs and three‐minute theses
Authors: Zou Hang (Joanna) , Hyland Ken 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper reports a cross‐genre study of how academics show authorial stance in two increasingly popular but underexplored academic genres: academic blogs and Three Minute Thesis (3MT) presentations. Based on a corpus of 75 academic blogs and 75 3MT talks from social sciences, we explore how academics represent themselves and their research to non‐specialist audiences in two very different contexts. We found that the 3MT presenters used more stance resources and took stronger positions, largely by indicating certainty and creating a more visible authorial presence. Academic bloggers, on the other hand, preferred to downplay their commitment and highlight affect. The variations are explained in terms of mode and context, especially the time‐constrained and face‐to‐face competitive nature of the spoken genre and the potential for critical feedback in the blogs. The findings demonstrate the salience of stance in the two genres and role of context in academic communication. It has important implications for scholars who are seeking to take their work to new audiences in perhaps unfamiliar genres.
Stability of coagulation parameters in plasma samples at room temperature after one freeze/thaw cycle
Authors: Gaudard Marion , Boissier Elodie , Talon Laurie , Douxfils Jonathan , Sapin Anne‐Françoise , Sinegre Thomas , Lebreton Aurélien 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionSample freezing is a part of routine laboratory tasks because some coagulation parameters are analysed in batches to optimize reagent consumption. The coagulation parameter stability in fresh and frozen samples has been described, but data are scarcer after thawing. This study objective was to determine the stability of the main coagulation parameters (from blood withdrawn on siliconized CTAD tubes and double‐centrifuged) after one freeze/thaw cycle to generate procedures for appropriate handling, storage and testing.MethodsProthrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, D‐dimers, clotting factors (F), protein C, protein S, antithrombin, lupus anticoagulant (LA)‐sensitive aPTT and diluted‐Russel's viper venom time (dRVVT) were assessed in 60 plasma samples (n=30, normal range and n=30, outside the normal range). Thirty samples from anticoagulated patients [unfractionated heparin (UFH), low‐molecular weight heparin (LMWH), apixaban or rivaroxaban] were assessed using specific anticoagulant assays. Frozen samples were thawed, and assays were performed at 15 min, 2, 4 and 6 h after thawing. The coagulation parameter stability was assessed with the method of rejection limit. Results: After thawing, aPTT, PT, fibrinogen, D‐dimers, FII, FV, FX, FIX, FXI, FXII, PC and UFH anti‐Xa activity remained stable for at least 6 h, FVII for 5 h, PS, AT, dRVVT screen assay and LMWH anti‐Xa activity for 4 h, and LA‐sensitive aPTT and apixaban‐specific anti‐Xa activity for 3 h. FVIII, dRVVT confirm assay and rivaroxaban specific anti‐Xa activity were stable for 2 h.ConclusionThese results suggest that sample stability for some haemostasis assays is limited after thawing.
Impact of eliminating urethral catheterization following ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy
Authors: Hori Shunsuke , Otsuki Hideo , Fujio Kei , Nakajima Koichi , Mitsui Yozo 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo show that elimination of a urethral catheter in ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy cases is not disadvantageous.MethodsWe reviewed 164 non‐catheterized patients (experimental group) and 656 catheterized patients (control group) with renal or ureteral stones treated at our institution. Inclusion criteria were initial operation, patient age 18 to 75 years, no dysuria, and no preoperative febrile urinary tract infection due to calculi. The primary areas of evaluation were patient background, stone characteristics, perioperative factors, and postoperative evaluation results.ResultsThe proportion of women was significantly lower (24.4% vs 37.2%; P = 0.01) and the proportion of multiple stone cases was significantly higher (34.9% vs 19.2%; P < 0.001) in the experimental as compared to the control group, while there were no significant differences for patient background or stone characteristics. The percentages of short‐term preoperative stent insertion (72.0% vs 33.0%; P = 0.009) and negative preoperative urine culture cases (58.0% vs 23.0%; P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the experimental than in the control group, with no differences regarding other perioperative factors. There was no significant difference for complete stone clearance rate between the groups (P = 0.339), while only one patient underwent re‐catheterization and there were no cases of urinary retention. Interestingly, the rate of postoperative febrile urinary tract infection was significantly lower (P = 0.024) in the experimental (5.7%) than in the control (9.0%) group.ConclusionPostoperative urethral catheterization can be eliminated in low‐risk ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy cases, although additional studies are needed.
Coevolutionary theory of hosts and parasites
Authors: Buckingham Lydia J. , Ashby Ben 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHost and parasite evolution are closely intertwined, with selection for adaptations and counter‐adaptations forming a coevolutionary feedback loop. Coevolutionary dynamics are often difficult to intuit due to these feedbacks and are hard to demonstrate empirically in most systems. Theoretical models have therefore played a crucial role in shaping our understanding of host–parasite coevolution. Theoretical models vary widely in their assumptions, approaches and aims, and such variety makes it difficult, especially for non‐theoreticians and those new to the field, to: (1) understand how model approaches relate to one another; (2) identify key modelling assumptions; (3) determine how model assumptions relate to biological systems; and (4) reconcile the results of different models with contrasting assumptions. In this review, we identify important model features, highlight key results and predictions and describe how these pertain to model assumptions. We carry out a literature survey of theoretical studies published since the 1950s (n = 219 papers) to support our analysis. We identify two particularly important features of models that tend to have a significant qualitative impact on the outcome of host–parasite coevolution: population dynamics and the genetic basis of infection. We also highlight the importance of other modelling features, such as stochasticity and whether time proceeds continuously or in discrete steps, that have received less attention but can drastically alter coevolutionary dynamics. We finish by summarizing recent developments in the field, specifically the trend towards greater model complexity, and discuss likely future directions for research.
SUMOylation of methyltransferase‐like 3 facilitates colorectal cancer progression by promoting circ_0000677 in an m6A‐dependent manner
Authors: Liu Qiong , Huang Qi , Liu Huan , He Feng‐Jiao , Liu Jun‐Hao , Zhou Yang‐Ying , Zeng Man‐Ting , Pei Qian , Zhu Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major health issues in the world. Circ_0000677 has been shown to be upregulated in CRC with unclarified function and mechanism. Methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) acts as a regulator for gene expression via the mechanism of RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) in different types of cancer, which is under the control of SUMO1‐based SUMOylation. We aim to investigate their roles in CRC progression.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of METTL3, circ_0000677, and ATP binding cassette subfamily c member 1(ABCC1) in CRC patients' tissues and cell lines. The functions of ABCC1 and circ_0000677 in CRC were studied by manipulating their level via knocking down or overexpression. RNA pull‐down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed to identify the specific binding of target genes. The biological function of SUMOylation of METTL3 was investigated in vivo by xenograft mice tumor model.ResultsMETTL3, circ_0000677, and ABCC1 were upregulated in CRC patients' samples and cell lines. Circ_0000677 positively regulates CRC cell proliferation and drug resistance via affecting ABCC1 expression. METTL3 facilitated circ_0000677 level via m6A modification. METTL3 was regulated by SUMO1‐mediated SUMOylation in CRC. Mutation of METTL3‐K459 could suppress tumor growth in vivo via regulating circ_0000677/ABCC1 axis.ConclusionsOverall, our study revealed that circ_0000677 and its downstream target ABCC1 were upregulated in CRC cells, induced by the METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of circ_0000677 and SUMO1‐mediated SUMOylation of METTL3. This work provided a new strategy for the therapeutic treatment of CRC.
Optimizing voice‐controlled intelligent personal assistants for use by home‐bound older adults
Authors: O'Brien Katherine , Light Sophia W. , Bradley Sara , Lindquist Lee 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionSocial isolation is a major public health concern, as isolated individuals are at increased risk of poor overall health, as well as at increased risk of unhealthy behaviors. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, social distancing strategies have led to increased rates of loneliness and social isolation. There is a clear need for strategies to mitigate the effects of social isolation and loneliness on the mental and physical health of older adults. In this study, we sought to better understand how voice‐controlled intelligent personal assistants (VIPAs) could be leveraged to reduce loneliness and social isolation among home‐bound older adults.MethodsPatients and geriatric experts were recruited to use VIPA devices (Google Home) in their homes for 4 weeks and then provide feedback. No prior training was provided. Geriatric experts were recruited via email solicitation from the Northwestern Medicine Geriatrics Clinic, and patients were solicited directly from geriatric primary care physicians. The investigators used qualitative analysis to identify codes and overarching themes.ResultsA total of 288 comments were received from 16 participants. Eight major themes were identified: Administrative, Companionship, Home Control, Education, Emergencies, Entertainment, Health and Well‐Being, and Reminders.DiscussionResults demonstrate that VIPAs can be useful across multiple domains and potentially play a role in providing physical, social, and cognitive stimulation to home‐bound older adults. VIPAs have a wide range of functionality, many of which could be implemented to focus on common geriatric syndromes and may ultimately be a tool to help mitigate social isolation and the consequential loneliness.
Toward a life cycle inventory for graphite production
Authors: Surovtseva Daria , Crossin Enda , Pell Robert , Stamford Laurence 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlobal electrification of mobility and energy storage is driving an unprecedented demand for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for which graphite is one of the major components. Multiple prior studies have attempted to assess the environmental footprint of LIBs by way of life cycle analysis (LCA), and the poor quality of inventory data on the production of graphite (at various purities) has been highlighted consistently. This work reviews the available inventories used in the assessment of natural and synthetic battery‐grade graphite production, and demonstrates that some upstream, downstream, and peripheral processes—including important processes associated with mining, calcination, and other steps—are often omitted, leading to greatly underestimated impacts. It proposes a new rigid framework for comparing different graphite production routes and a corresponding indicative inventory for synthetic graphite production. This inventory is used to estimate the global warming potential and energy demand of synthetic graphite, yielding results of 13.8 kgCO2‐eq/kg and 45.9 MJ/kg, respectively, suggesting that prior literature may have underestimated these results by a factor of two or more. The work concludes by highlighting the need to evaluate a broader suite of applicable impact categories and to fully account for the full suite of by‐and co‐products in future LCAs.
Factors Associated With Normal Physiologic Birth for Women Who Labor In Water: A Secondary Analysis of A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Carpenter Jane , Burns Ethel , Smith Lesley 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionResearch to understand factors associated with normal physiologic birth (unassisted vaginal birth, spontaneous labor onset without epidural analgesia, spinal, or general anesthetic, without episiotomy) is required. Laboring and/or giving birth in water has been shown to be associated with a high proportion of physiologic birth but with little understanding of factors that may influence this outcome. This study explored factors associated with normal physiologic birth for women who labored in water.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of a UK‐based prospective observational study of 8064 women at low risk of childbirth complications who labored in water. Consecutive women were recruited from birth settings in England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Planned place of birth, maternal characteristics, intrapartum events, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were measured. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling explored factors associated with normal physiologic birth.ResultsIn total, 5758 (71.4%) of women who labored in water had a normal physiologic birth. Planned birth in the community (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.58; 95% CI, 2.22‐2.99) or at an alongside midwifery unit (aOR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.41) was positively associated with normal physiologic birth compared with planned birth in an obstetric unit. Duration of second stage (aOR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.62‐0.70), duration in the pool [aOR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90‐0.96), and birth weight of the neonate (aOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65‐0.85) were negatively associated with normal physiologic birth. Parity was not associated with normal physiologic birth in multivariate analyses.DiscussionOur findings largely reflected wider research, both in and out of water. We found midwifery‐led birth settings may increase the likelihood of normal physiologic birth among healthy women who labor in water, irrespective of parity. This association supports growing evidence demonstrating the importance of planned place of birth on reducing intervention rates and adds to research on labor and birth in water.
Optimal individualization of patient‐oriented ovarian stimulation in Japanese assisted reproductive technology clinics, a review for unique setting with advanced‐age patients
Authors: Kuroda Keiji , Katagiri Yukiko , Ishihara Osamu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOvarian stimulation is a key issue in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. ART practice in Japan is unique with various types of ovarian stimulation protocols, which may contribute to lower pregnancy rates compared to other countries. This review aims to clarify optimal individualized ovarian stimulation for improving the pregnancy rate per one oocyte retrieval cycle in Japan. We performed a literature review to describe ovarian stimulation, classification of infertile women depending on ovarian reserve and response, and Japanese ART data and discussed optimal conventional and mild ovarian stimulation protocols in Japan. According to Japanese ART registry data, the live birth rate of 30–35‐year‐old women was 32%–37% per ET cycle; therefore, four to five embryos are calculatedly needed when aiming a cumulative live birth rate of ≥80%. Mild stimulation aimed at collecting 5–10 oocytes can be alternative choice as an optimal ovarian stimulation protocol in young women. In 40‐year‐old women, the live birth rate is 18.8%, resulting in eight or more embryos as necessary. Conventional stimulation must be required in women with advanced age. In poor responders, however, mild stimulation may be sufficient for maximumly extracting their ovarian function. In Japan, mild ovarian stimulation can be selected in patients with a good prognosis and poor responders; however, conventional ovarian stimulation is necessary for women in advanced age.
Shared transformational leadership and safety behaviours of employees, leaders, and teams: A multilevel investigation
Authors: Lyubykh Zhanna , Gulseren Duygu , Turner Nick , Barling Julian , Seifert Matthias 
Published: January 2022

We investigate the extent to which transformational leadership behaviours enacted by team members – shared transformational leadership – relate to safety behaviours of team members, teams, and team leaders. We also consider the role of perceived organizational support in moderating the relationships between shared transformational leadership and safety behaviours. We collected data from 2,139 crew members (‘team members’) and 98 chief engineers (‘team leaders’) working on merchant shipping vessels (‘teams’). Team members’ perceptions of shared transformational leadership positively related to team members’ safety compliance and safety participation. Shared transformational leadership became less effective in relation to team members’ safety compliance under conditions of high levels of perceived organizational support. Shared transformational leadership at the team level related to higher levels of safety participation of teams. Teams’ shared transformational leadership was positively related to team leaders’ safety participation, but only under low levels of perceived organizational support. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the important role of shared transformational leadership in relation to safety behaviours and suggest that the effectiveness of shared transformational leadership might vary depending on perceived organizational support.Practitioner points

Transformational leadership behaviours exercised by team members – shared transformational leadership – are associated with higher levels of mandated and discretionary safety behaviours of team members.

Teams that have higher levels of shared transformational leadership demonstrate higher levels of team‐level discretionary safety behaviours.

Shared transformational leadership is more strongly associated with employees’ mandated safety behaviours under low levels of perceived organizational support.

When leaders perceive low levels of organizational support, their teams’ shared transformational leadership becomes a more important correlate of leaders’ discretionary safety behaviours.

In addition to traditional leadership training that involves formal leaders only, organizations should consider implementing activities that foster shared leadership behaviours.