bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From neonatal lung function to lung function and respiratory morbidity at 6‐year follow‐up
Authors: Goth Fanny E. M. , Green Kent , Hansen Bo M. , Agertoft Lone , Jørgensen Inger M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung function is traceable from infancy to adulthood. Only a few studies have examined lung function from birth to childhood longitudinally in children born moderate to late preterm. We aimed to investigate how prematurity and lung function in the neonatal period are related to lung function and respiratory morbidity at age 6 in former moderate to late preterm children compared with children born at term.MethodsLung function was measured in a cohort of moderately to late preterm (n = 48) and term‐born (n = 53) infants in the neonatal period by FeNO, and tidal breathing flow‐volume loops (TBFVL) and at age 6 (n = 52) by spirometry, whole‐body plethysmograph and impulse oscillation combined with a respiratory symptom questionnaire.ResultsModerate to late preterm children had a higher TPEF/TE ratio neonatally (42.6% vs. 33.7%, p = 0.02) and a lower % predicted orced expiratory volume in the first second at age 6 (94.4% vs. 101.9%, p = 0.01) compared to term‐born children. We found a significant association between the variability of neonatal tidal volume and effective airway resistance at age 6 (β = −0.34, p = 0.03). No association between neonatal FeNO or TBFVL and respiratory morbidity at 6‐year follow‐up was shown.ConclusionChildren born moderate to late preterm had lower lung function at age 6 than term‐born children. We did not find evidence for the use of neonatal tidal breathing parameters as a predictor for subsequent respiratory morbidity or lung function, however sample size was small.
Integrated glycomics strategy for galactosylated‐N‐glycans recognized by Bandeiraea Simplicifolia Lectin I in salivary proteins associated with lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Fan , Xie Mingyuan , Tang Zhen , Xie Hailong , Yue Lixin , Wang Xilong , Yang Jiajun , Chen Yanhua , Li Zheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeLung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide, mainly due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Saliva is an important source for discovering biomarkers and contains an abundance of biological information. The purpose of this study was to determine whether galactosylation levels of salivary proteins are associated with LC.Experimental designFirst, we analyzed the alterations of the glycopatterns recognized by Bandeiraea Simplicifolia Lectin I (BS‐I) in five groups (healthy volunteers [HV]: 28, benign pulmonary disease [BPD]: 27, lung adenocarcinoma [ADC]: 39, squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]: 28, small‐cell lung cancer [SCLC]: 22) of 144 saliva samples using lectin microarrays. Pooled samples from each group were subsequently validated by the lectin blotting technique. Finally, the N‐glycan profiles of their salivary glycoproteins isolated by the BS‐I‐magnetic particle conjugates from pooled samples for each group were analyzed by MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS.ResultsThe results showed that the expression level of galactosylated glycans recognized by BS‐I was significantly increased in patients with LC compared with BPD and HV. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the levels of salivary glycopattern recognized by BS‐I could discriminate lung disease (BPD, ADC, SCC, and SCLC) and HV with an AUC of 0.700 (95% CI: 0.589–0.812), and discriminate LC and BPD with an AUC of 0.860 (95% CI: 0.763–0.956). Also, the proportion of galactosylated N‐glycans in ADC (38.4%), SCC (43.1%), and SCLC (39.5%) increased compared to HV (30.1%) and BPD (33.7%), and two galactosylated N‐glycan peaks (m/z 1828.683, 2418.853) could be identified only in the LC groups (ADC, SCC, and SCLC).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese findings could provide crucial information on galactosylated N‐linked glycans associated with LC and facilitate the study of LC biomarkers based on precise alterations of galactosylated N‐glycans in saliva.
Comparing the Movement Assessment Battery for Children with the Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency in adolescents with and without schizophrenia
Authors: Byrial Pernille , Clausen Loa , Nyboe Lene 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs motor impairments have implications for health and functioning, they need to be addressed early, not only in childhood but also in adolescence, the period in which mental disorders as schizophrenia, typically develops. Further, the possible prognostic value of motor impairments in schizophrenia highlights the importance. The Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT‐2) and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC‐2) assess adolescent motor performance. However, MABC‐2 is not valid past age 16 and has no sex‐norms. Further, while the concurrent validity between the tests and their ability to distinguish between clinical and non‐clinical groups has been established in children, however they have not been established in adolescence.PurposeTo compare the ability of MABC‐2 and BOT‐2 to distinguish between adolescents with and without schizophrenia, to examine the concurrent validity between tests, to examine the agreement between tests in classifying adolescents “at risk” or scoring “below average” and to examine the influence of age and sex on MABC‐2.MethodMotor performance assessed by BOT‐2 and MABC‐2 was compared in 25 adolescents with schizophrenia (14–18) and age‐ and sex‐matched controls using t‐test, Cohen's D and false discovery rate's q‐value. The associations between tests were assessed using Pearson's correlation and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. The Kappa coefficient was used to assess the agreement between tests in classifying “risk/below average” and linear regression was adopted to assess the influence of age/sex on MABC‐2.ResultsMABC‐2 and BOT‐2 significantly distinguished adolescents with schizophrenia from controls with large effect size. A strong association (p > 0.001) was found between the tests. The tests revealed moderate agreement in identifying “risk” or scoring “below average”. Only sex influenced MABC‐2 scores.ConclusionMABC‐2 and BOT‐2 are both useful for assessing motor performance and distinguishing between adolescents with and without schizophrenia, although BOT‐2 provides a more detailed picture of the challenges in adolescent with schizophrenia.
Insight into the regulation of the Nrf2 pathway in response to ascovirus infection in Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Jin Ruoheng , Xiao Zhengkun , Nakai Madoka , Huang Guo‐Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAscoviruses are a type of entomopathogenic microorganism with high biological pest control potential and are expected to contribute to the natural control of lepidopteran pests. However, knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying the biocidal activity of ascovirus on its host insects remains limited.RESULTSIn this study, the relative enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, as well as the expression level of Spodoptera exigua peroxidase (SePOD), were found to be significantly increased at 6 h post infection with Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV‐3h). H2O2 accumulation and enhanced expression of NADPH Oxidase (SeNOX) were also observed. In addition, Nuclear Factor erythroid 2‐Related Factor 2 (SeNrf2) and muscle aponeurosis fibromatosis (SeMaf) were overexpressed following infection with HvAV‐3h. Silencing of SeNrf2 decreased the expression of SePOD, whereas the mortality of SeNrf2‐silenced larvae and viral genome copy number also increased. Further RNA interference of SeNOX significantly decreased expression of SeNrf2 and SePOD and therefore increased the mortality and viral genome copy number of the ascovirus‐infected host.CONCLUSIONThe HvAV‐3h activated Nrf2/ARE pathway of S. exigua and reactive oxygen species were found to respond to ascovirus infection by regulating alterations in antioxidant enzyme genes mediated by the host Nrf2/ARE pathway. These findings enhance our knowledge of ascovirus–host interactions and lay the foundation for the application of ascoviruses in biological pest control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Dichotomous role of integrin‐β5 in lung endothelial cells
Authors: Blanchard Neil , Link Patrick A. , Farkas Daniela , Harmon Brennan , Hudson Jaylen , Bogamuwa Srimathi , Piper Bryce , Authelet Kayla , Cool Carlyne D. , Heise Rebecca L. , Freishtat Robert , Farkas Laszlo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, devastating disease, and its main histological manifestation is an occlusive pulmonary arteriopathy. One important functional component of PAH is aberrant endothelial cell (EC) function including apoptosis‐resistance, unchecked proliferation, and impaired migration. The mechanisms leading to and maintaining physiologic and aberrant EC function are not fully understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in PAH, ECs have increased expression of the transmembrane protein integrin‐β5, which contributes to migration and survival under physiologic and pathological conditions, but also to endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EnMT). We found that elevated integrin‐β5 expression in pulmonary artery lesions and lung tissue from PAH patients and rats with PH induced by chronic hypoxia and injection of CD117+ rat lung EC clones. These EC clones exhibited elevated expression of integrin‐β5 and its heterodimerization partner integrin‐αν and showed accelerated barrier formation. Inhibition of integrin‐ανβ5 in vitro partially blocked transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐induced EnMT gene expression in rat lung control ECs and less in rat lung EC clones and human lung microvascular ECs. Inhibition of integrin‐ανβ5 promoted endothelial dysfunction as shown by reduced migration in a scratch assay and increased apoptosis in synergism with TGF‐β1. In vivo, blocking of integrin‐ανβ5 exaggerated PH induced by chronic hypoxia and CD117+ EC clones in rats. In summary, we found a role for integrin‐ανβ5 in lung endothelial survival and migration, but also a partial contribution to TGF‐β1‐induced EnMT gene expression. Our results suggest that integrin‐ανβ5 is required for physiologic function of ECs and lung vascular homeostasis.
Granulomatous tracheo‐bronchitis from Crohn's disease
Authors: Alwakeel Amr J. , Beaudoin Stéphane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTracheo‐bronchitis is an uncommon but important extra‐intestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease. Our case demonstrates radiological and bronchoscopic evidence of tracheo‐bronchitis secondary to Crohn's disease with pathology‐proven granulomatous inflammation. This case highlights the importance of investigating airway involvement in patients with Crohn's disease and new respiratory symptoms.
Cutaneous Angiosarcoma Treated with Taxane-Based Chemoradiotherapy: A Multicenter Study of 90 Japanese Cases
Authors: Fujimura Taku , Furudate Sadanori , Maekawa Takeo , Kato Hiroshi , Ito Takamichi , Matsushita Shigeto , Yoshino Koji , Hashimoto Akira , Muto Yusuke , Ohuchi Kentaro , Amagai Ryo , Kambayashi Yumi , Fujisawa Yasuhiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) is rare and most previous studies of CAS have been small case series, and randomized, phase II studies of CAS are limited. Since treatment options for CAS are controversial, and because only paclitaxel should be recommended based on high-level evidence, it is important to evaluate the efficacy of another taxane-derived agents, docetaxel, in real-world practice. The efficacy and safety profiles of chemoradiotherapy using taxane-based agents, docetaxel and paclitaxel, were retrospectively examined in the maintenance setting in 90 Japanese CAS patients, including 35 docetaxel-treated cases and 55 paclitaxel-treated cases. Overall survival and dose duration time of the patient group treated with docetaxel was equivalent to that with paclitaxel, even in the cohorts with metastasis. Adverse events due to docetaxel and paclitaxel were observed in 77.1% and 69.1% of cases, respectively. The incidence ratio of total severe adverse events tended to be higher in the docetaxel-treated group (40.0%) than in the paclitaxel-treated group (23.6%). Peripheral neuropathy occurred only in the paclitaxel-treated group, whereas high-grade interstitial pneumonia developed only in the docetaxel-treated group. In addition, we also evaluate 19 patients selected other taxanes, 17 patients selected eribulin methylate, 11 patients pazopanib, and 2 patients selected nivolumab as second-line chemotherapy. The efficacy of a monthly docetaxel regimen is equivalent to a three-weekly paclitaxel regimen evaluated by Overall survival and DDT, even in the cohorts with metastasis, and it is a tolerable protocol for CAS as a maintenance therapy in the Japanese population.
Spatially Confined Fabrication of Polar Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Nanotubes
Authors: Hou Chunyue , Zhang Wenxian , Dai Xiying , Qiu Jieshan , Russell Thomas P. , Sun Xiaoli , Yan Shouke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolar poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanotubes have attracted significant attention due to their excellent piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, yet a tunable fabrication of homogeneous polar PVDF nanotubes remains a challenge. Here, a simple method is reported to fabricate polar PVDF nanotubes using anodize aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes as templates that are removed by etching in a potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution and then ageing at room temperature. PVDF nanotubes originally crystallized in the AAO membrane are pure α‐crystals with very low crystallinity, yet after being released from the templates, the crystallinity of the nanotubes markedly increases with ageing at room temperature, leading to the formation of β‐PVDF crystals in a very short time, with the formation of γ crystals after longer ageing times. A large amount of γ crystals formed when the released PVDF nanotubes are heated to ≈130 °C. The formation of polar PVDF nanotubes released from the AAO templates treated with higher concentrations of alkaline solution results from the reaction of the surface of the PVDF nanotubes with the alkaline solution and structure reorganization under confined conditions. This large‐scale preparation of β‐ and γ‐PVDF opens a new pathway to produce polar PVDF nanomaterials.
The Rising Star Scaffolding Guide: Supporting Young Children's Early Spelling Skills
Authors: Copp Stefanie B. , Cabell Sonia Q. , Gabas Clariebelle , Slik Debbie , Todd Jennifer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSupporting early writing skills in pre‐kindergarten lays an important foundation for later writing achievement as well as reading achievement. Specifically, encouraging children to write affords teachers the opportunity to provide scaffolds to improve spelling development. Teachers, however, tend to provide more support than necessary to guide children's early spelling, which may stifle children's opportunities to engage in important thinking that helps them to grow in their literacy knowledge. In this article, we introduce the Rising Star Scaffolding Decision Guide, a step‐by‐step framework for teachers to use when selecting instructional moves to support spelling development while engaging in one‐on‐one writing interactions with children. We describe the types of scaffolds that teachers can use with children, with an emphasis on low‐support scaffolds (RISE) and high‐support scaffolds (STAR). We include examples of teacher–child interactions to illustrate specific scaffolding techniques based on children's writing attempts.
Regulating photochemical properties of carbon dots for theranostic applications
Authors: Wang Qin , Pang E , Tan Qiuxia , Zhao Shaojing , Yi Jianing , Zeng Jie , Lan Minhuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a new zero‐dimensional carbon‐based material, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their advantages such as easy preparation and surface modification, good biocompatibility and water solubility, and tunable photochemical properties. CDs have become one of the most promising nanomaterials in the field of fluorescent sensing, bioimaging, and cancer therapy. How to precisely regulate the photochemical properties, especially the absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal conversion of the CDs, is the key to developing highly efficient phototheranostics for cancer treatment. Although many studies on cancer therapy using CDs have been published, no review has focused on the regulation of photochemical properties of CDs for phototheranostic applications. In this review, we summarized the strategies such as the selection of suitable carbon source, heteroatomic doping, optimum reaction conditions, surface modification, and assembly strategy to efficiently regulate the photochemical properties of the CDs to meet the requirements of different practical applications. This review might provide some valuable insight and new ideas for the development of CDs with excellent phototheranostic performance.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Sustainable Work in an Ageing Perspective, Gender and Working Life Course
Authors: Vendramin Patricia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter develops a gender perspective on older workers’ working life courses and yields a contrasting picture of ageing at work. If gender disparities are the outcome of widely differing work situations for women and men they are also influenced by the unequal distribution of domestic work and the tasks of caring both for older and younger generations. Men and women’s working life courses and trajectories are embedded in institutionalized pathways and normative patterns. They participate in the world of work with specific position and defined social role. The chapter shows how working trajectories impact on health among the over-50s, and changing workforce exit norms. Finally, it points out the need to take account of gender-differential career and non-career paths and to redress the inequalities and injustices in this area. The analytical framework of this chapter relies on the concept of sustainable work considered from a life span perspective. The analysis uses data of the last wave of the European working conditions survey (2015).
Genesis of the exotic chrysocolla — “copper pitch/wad” — atacamite/brochantite ore at the Exótica (Mina Sur) deposit, Chuquicamata, Chile
Authors: Dold Bernhard , Pinget Marie-Caroline , Fontboté Lluís 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDetailed mineralogical and textural studies, combined with sequential X-ray diffraction and geochemical modeling, helped to solve the “copper pitch/wad” enigma in the Exótica deposit located downstream of the Chuquicamata porphyry copper deposit. Copper pitch and copper wad are essentially chrysocolla with co-precipitated Mn oxides, mainly birnessite, as well as pseudo-amorphous Mn oxide/oxyhydroxides. Linking the mineralogical, geochemical, and textural evidences with the geological, tectonic, and climatic evolution of the Chuquicamata–Calama area, a four-step genetic model for the evolution of the Exótica deposit is presented: (A) formation of a mature supergene enrichment profile at Chuquicamata (~ 30–25 Ma to ~ 15 Ma) during an erosion-dominated regime (∼900 m of erosion) which was accompanied by acidic (pH ∼2–4) Cu-Mn-Si-dominated rock drainage (ARD) with fluid flow southwards through the Exótica valley towards the Calama Basin, resulting in a strongly kaolinized and chrysocolla/copper wad-impregnated bedrock of the Exótica deposit; (B) deposition of the Fortuna gravels in the Exótica valley (starting ∼19 Ma) intercepted the Cu-Mn-Si-dominated ARD, triggering the main chrysocolla, copper pitch/wad mineralization as syn-sedimentary mineralization by chiefly surficial flow in strongly altered gravels; (C) tectonic freezing and onset of hyper-aridity (∼15–11 Ma) exposed the enriched chalcocite blanket of Chuquicamata to oxidation, resulting in acidic (pH ~ 2–4) and Cu-Si-dominated solutions with less Mn. These solutions percolated in a slightly more reducing groundwater flow path and mineralized relatively unaltered gravels with pure chrysocolla; and (D) ingression of confined chloride-rich groundwater in the upper oxidation zone of Chuquicamata, most likely between 6 and 3 Ma, is responsible for the atacamite/brochantite mineralization (pH ~ 5.5–7) of mainly unaltered gravels in the northern and central part of the Exótica deposit.
TSPO expression in a Zika virus murine infection model as an imaging target for acute infection-induced neuroinflammation
Authors: Victorio Carla Bianca Luena , Msallam Rasha , Novera Wisna , Ong Joanne , Yang Tham Jing , Ganasarajah Arun , Low Jenny , Watanabe Satoru , Chacko Ann-Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a neurotropic human pathogen that causes neuroinflammation, whose hallmark is elevated translocator protein (TSPO) expression in the brain. This study investigates ZIKV-associated changes in adult brain TSPO expression, evaluates the effectiveness of TSPO radioligands in detecting TSPO expression, and identifies cells that drive brain TSPO expression in a mouse infection model.

Methods
The interferon-deficient AG129 mouse infected with ZIKV was used as neuroinflammation model. TSPO expression was evaluated by tissue immunostaining. TSPO radioligands, [3H]PK11195 and [18F]FEPPA, were used for in vitro and ex vivo detection of TSPO in infected brains. [18F]FEPPA-PET was used for in vivo detection of TSPO expression. Cell subsets that contribute to TSPO expression were identified by flow cytometry.

Results
Brain TSPO expression increased with ZIKV disease severity. This increase was contributed by TSPO-positive microglia and infiltrating monocytes; and by influx of TSPO-expressing immune cells into the brain. [3H]PK11195 and [18F]FEPPA distinguish ZIKV-infected brains from normal controls in vitro and ex vivo. [18F]FEPPA brain uptake by PET imaging correlated with disease severity and neuroinflammation. However, TSPO expression by immune cells contributed to significant blood pool [18F]FEPPA activity which could confound [18F]FEPPA-PET imaging results.

Conclusions
TSPO is a biologically relevant imaging target for ZIKV neuroinflammation. Brain [18F]FEPPA uptake can be a surrogate marker for ZIKV disease and may be a potential PET imaging marker for ZIKV-induced neuroinflammation. Future TSPO-PET/SPECT studies on viral neuroinflammation and related encephalitis should assess the contribution of immune cells on TSPO expression and employ appropriate image correction methods to subtract blood pool activity.