bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub-surface drip fertigation improves seed cotton yield and monetary returns
Authors: Singh Kulvir , Singh Prabhsimran , Singh Manpreet , Mishra Sudhir Kumar , Iqbal Rashid , Al-Ashkar Ibrahim , Habib-ur-Rahman Muhammad , El Sabagh Ayman 
Published: November 2022

Surface flood (SF) method is used to irrigate cotton in India, which results in huge wastage of water besides leaching of nutrients. This necessitates the adoption of efficient management strategies to save scarce water without compromising the yield. Therefore, a 2-year field investigation was conducted under two climatic regimes (Faridkot and Abohar) to study the effect of sub-surface drip fertigation (SSDF) on seed cotton yield (SCY), water productivity, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and economic parameters in comparison with SF and surface drip fertigation (SDF). The field experiment had a total of eight treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design. Three levels of sub-surface drip irrigation [(SSDI); i.e., 60%, 80%, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and two N fertigation levels [100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN; i.e., 112.5 kg N ha-1) and 75% RDN] made up six treatments, while SF (Control 1) and SDF at 80% ETc (Control 2), both with 100% of RDN, served as the controls. Among irrigation regimes, the SSDI levels of 80% ETc and 100% ETc recorded 18.7% (3,240 kg ha-1) and 21.1% (3,305 kg ha-1) higher SCY compared with SF (2,728 kg ha-1). Water use efficiency under SF (57.0%) was reduced by 34.2%, 40.8%, and 38.2% compared with SSDI’s 60 (76.5%), 80 (80.3%), and 100% ETc (78.8%), respectively. Among fertigation levels, NUE was higher by 19.2% under 75% (34.1 kg SCY kg-1 N) over 100% RDN (28.6 kg SCY kg-1 N), but later it also registered 11.9% higher SCY, indicating such to be optimum for better productivity. SSDF at 80% ETc along with 112.5 kg N ha-1 recorded 26.6% better SCY (3455 kg ha-1) and 18.5% higher NUE (30.7 kg SCY kg-1 N) over SF. These findings demonstrate that the application of SSDF could save irrigation water, enhance SCY, and improve the farmers’ returns compared with SF. Therefore, in northwestern India, SSDF at 80% ETc along with 112.5 kg N ha-1 could be a novel water-savvy concept which would be immensely helpful in enhancing cotton productivity.
Chromatin dynamics associated with seed desiccation tolerance/sensitivity at early germination in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Sano Naoto , Malabarba Jaiana , Chen Zhijuan , Gaillard Sylvain , Windels David , Verdier Jerome 
Published: November 2022

Desiccation tolerance (DT) has contributed greatly to the adaptation of land plants to severe water-deficient conditions. DT is mostly observed in reproductive parts in flowering plants such as seeds. The seed DT is lost at early post germination stage but is temporally re-inducible in 1 mm radicles during the so-called DT window following a PEG treatment before being permanently silenced in 5 mm radicles of germinating seeds. The molecular mechanisms that activate/reactivate/silence DT in developing and germinating seeds have not yet been elucidated. Here, we analyzed chromatin dynamics related to re-inducibility of DT before and after the DT window at early germination in Medicago truncatula radicles to determine if DT-associated genes were transcriptionally regulated at the chromatin levels. Comparative transcriptome analysis of these radicles identified 948 genes as DT re-induction-related genes, positively correlated with DT re-induction. ATAC-Seq analyses revealed that the chromatin state of genomic regions containing these genes was clearly modulated by PEG treatment and affected by growth stages with opened chromatin in 1 mm radicles with PEG (R1P); intermediate openness in 1 mm radicles without PEG (R1); and condensed chromatin in 5 mm radicles without PEG (R5). In contrast, we also showed that the 103 genes negatively correlated with the re-induction of DT did not show any transcriptional regulation at the chromatin level. Additionally, ChIP-Seq analyses for repressive marks H2AK119ub and H3K27me3 detected a prominent signal of H3K27me3 on the DT re-induction-related gene sequences at R5 but not in R1 and R1P. Moreover, no clear H2AK119ub marks was observed on the DT re-induction-related gene sequences at both developmental radicle stages, suggesting that silencing of DT process after germination will be mainly due to H3K27me3 marks by the action of the PRC2 complex, without involvement of PRC1 complex. The dynamic of chromatin changes associated with H3K27me3 were also confirmed on seed-specific genes encoding potential DT-related proteins such as LEAs, oleosins and transcriptional factors. However, several transcriptional factors did not show a clear link between their decrease of chromatin openness and H3K27me3 levels, suggesting that their accessibility may also be regulated by additional factors, such as other histone modifications. Finally, in order to make these comprehensive genome-wide analyses of transcript and chromatin dynamics useful to the scientific community working on early germination and DT, we generated a dedicated genome browser containing all these data and publicly available at https://iris.angers.inrae.fr/mtseedepiatlas/jbrowse/?data=Mtruncatula.
Cumulative exposure to traumatic events and craving among women in residential treatment for substance use disorder: The role of emotion dysregulation and mindfulness disposition
Authors: Sanchez Mariana , Amaro Hortensia 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveStrong evidence links exposure to traumatic life events with subsequent substance use disorders (SUD). Compared to men, women in SUD treatment are more likely to have a history of trauma, characterized in part by emotion dysregulation known to negatively influence treatment outcomes. Existing research has been conducted with predominantly male and non-Hispanic White samples, with an emphasis on adverse childhood experiences. Little is known about how exposure to cumulative traumatic events across the lifespan affects emotion dysregulation and how this may influence craving, particularly among racial and ethnic minoritized women with SUD. Mindfulness disposition may serve as a protective factor that could buffer the impact of trauma exposure and emotion dysregulation on substance use craving among underrepresented minoritized women with SUD. This study examined the association between cumulative exposure to traumatic events, emotion dysregulation, and mindfulness disposition on substance use craving in a sample of predominantly Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women in residential treatment for SUD.MethodCross-sectional data were analyzed for a baseline sample of 241 women (56.96% Hispanic, 20.7% non-Hispanic White, 20.7% non-Hispanic Black; age: M = 32.11) entering a SUD residential treatment facility who agreed to participate in a parent randomized controlled trial.ResultsFindings indicated that greater cumulative exposure to traumatic events and emotion dysregulation were associated with higher levels of craving. Cumulative traumatic event exposure was indirectly associated with higher craving via lower levels in the mindfulness dimension of acting with awareness. Interaction effects also revealed greater exposure to traumatic events was associated with higher levels of craving among women with low and average (but not high) levels of mindfulness disposition.ConclusionThese findings provide insight into the potential benefits of targeting emotion regulation and mindfulness-building strategies such as acting with awareness in interventions among racial-ethnically diverse women with SUD. These strategies may be particularly beneficial among those that have experienced extensive histories of trauma exposure. Overall, knowledge gained from the present study can be particularly valuable towards informing treatment models in minoritized groups that currently experience disparities in treatment utilization and outcomes.
Impact of social support on college students’ anxiety due to COVID-19 isolation: Mediating roles of perceived risk and resilience in the postpandemic period
Authors: He Tai Bo , Tu Chia Ching , Bai Xue 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBecause of the outbreak of COVID-19, several colleges and universities in Xi’an, China, implemented quarantine measures and closed their gates, which increased anxiety among the students.MethodsThe Perceived Social Support Scale, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used for measurements. SPSS26 and AMOS26 (IBM SPSS AMOS Statistics, New York, United States) were used for data analysis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the data from the 2,251 respondents and the hypothetical model.ResultsThe students’ perceived social support was discovered to have had a significant negative effect on anxiety. The students’ perceived COVID-19 risk and resilience played significant mediating roles in the relationship between social support and anxiety.DiscussionWhen college students feel social support and have resilience, they can reduce anxiety during the epidemic stage. Therefore, education administrators and parents should help college students to identify the current situation of the epidemic environment, enrich relevant knowledge.
Association between lipid metabolism and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Liu Huamin , Huang Zhiwei , Zhang Xiaochun , He Yong , Gu Shanyuan , Mo Dan , Wang Shaoli , Yuan Zelin , Huang Yining , Zhong Qi , Zhou Rui , Wu Keyi , Zou Fei , Wu Xianbo 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe association between blood lipids and cognitive function in schizophrenia is still controversial. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the association between various lipid parameters and cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients and potential lipid pathways.MethodsA total of 447 adult inpatients with schizophrenia were divided into cognitive normal and cognitive impairment groups based on the Mini-Mental State Examination with a cut-off of 26. The blood lipid parameters were defined as abnormal levels based on the guideline. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used to preliminarily explore the potential lipid metabolism pathway associated with cognitive impairment.ResultsThere were 368 (82.3%) patients who had cognitive impairment. Herein, apolipoprotein B was positively associated with cognitive function in overall patients and age (≥45 and &lt;45 years) and sex subgroups. After excluding patients with hypertension and diabetes, ApoB was still significantly associated with cognitive function in all the patients. The associations between other lipid parameters, including non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, and cognitive impairment were heterogeneous in age and sex subgroups. In contrast, total cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 were not significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Metabolomics analysis showed that metabolic pathway mainly involved sphingolipid metabolism. Meanwhile, sphinganine and 3-dehydrosphinganine were positively correlated with lipid parameters and decreased in patients with cognitive impairment as compared to those with normal cognition.ConclusionsThe present study suggests a positive association between lipids and cognitive function in schizophrenic patients and needs to be further verified by a prospective study.
Genetics, shared environment, or individual experience? A cross-sectional study of the health status following SARS-CoV-2 infection in monozygotic and dizygotic twins
Authors: Rupp Sophia Kristina , Weimer Katja , Goebel-Stengel Miriam , Enck Paul , Zipfel Stephan , Stengel Andreas 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe clinical presentation of COVID-19 shows a remarkably broad spectrum of symptoms. Although studies with adult twins on SARS-CoV-2 infection are rare so far, the fact that there is a genetic component associated with the highly variable clinical outcomes of COVID-19 has already been highlighted in recent studies investigating potential candidate genes and polymorphisms. This is the first study of adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins concordantly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection to estimate variances explained by genetic, shared, and individual environmental components of both somatic and psychological symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Materials and methodsData were collected from 10 adult twin pairs (5 MZ, 5 DZ) in which both twins already had a SARS-CoV-2 infection. A self-designed questionnaire, the Barthel Index, and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) were used to assess various symptoms and health status following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Intra-class correlations were calculated, and the Falconer formula was used to quantify and differentiate the percentages of genetic influences as well as common environment and personal experiences on the examined traits. In addition, potential factors influencing symptom burden were examined and discussed.ResultsWe found high estimated heritability for mental impairment after SARS-CoV-2 infection (h2 = 1.158) and for general fatigue (h2 = 1.258). For symptom burden, reduced activity, and reduced motivation the individual environment appears to have the strongest influence. Other fatigue symptoms are influenced by genetic effects which range between 42.8 and 69.4%.ConclusionBoth genetics and individual environment play a role in health status after SARS-CoV-2 infection–mental status could be influenced primarily by genetic make-up, whereas for symptom burden and certain fatigue dimensions, non-shared environment could play a more critical role. Possible individual factors influencing the course of the disease were identified. However, gene-environment interactions may still be a source of differences between twins, and the search for candidate genes remains crucial on the road to personalized medicine.
The effects of exercise with nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation in adults: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Hui , Yang Yang , Miyai Hanna , Yi Chenju , Oliver Brian G. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of exercise programmes with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation in adults.IntroductionNicotine addiction is mediated by dopamine. Exercise can also activate the dopamine reward system. Therefore, exercise may effectively facilitate NRT to reduce cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms.Inclusion criteriaClinical trials between 2000 and 2022 used exercise protocols of any intensity for smoking cessation, in current smokers or recent quitters of both genders, aged 18–70, without severe diseases and pregnancy. Mental disorders were not excluded, as exercise can improve mental health status. Therefore, it may be as effective among people with mental health issues as the general population in preventing nicotine cravings and supporting abstinence.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline) were searched for papers in English using the terms “nicotine replacement therapy’, “exercise,” and “smoking cessation.” Titles and abstracts were screened for potentially eligibility before full texts were reviewed. Sample size, gender, study duration, and age was then extracted. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI’s) GRADE approach.ResultsSeventeen studies were identified with a total of 3,191 participants. Three studies are not a randomised control study. There was moderate-high quality evidence that exercise can aid NRT in promoting smoking cessation in the short term. Several studies reported temporary reductions in cravings; however, only one trial reported a decrease in cigarette consumption due to exercise intervention and one demonstrated increased smoking abstinence at 1 year of the intervention.ConclusionExercise with NRT aids smoking cessation in the short term, but no evidence suggests its efficacy in the long term when combined. Future trials should include larger sample sizes and strategies to increase exercise adherence.
Analysis of factors influencing substance use craving among Chinese substance users
Authors: Guo Huijuan , Wang Jizhi , Wang Siyuan , Zhou Jiansong , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSubstance use has been a serious public safety issue. It not only affects the users’ physical and mental health but is also detrimental to social stability. To improve our understanding of this issue, the present study looked to examine the factors influencing substance use craving and develop interventions to reduce craving and relapse among substance users.Materials and methodsA total of 502 substance users were included in this study. Socio-demographic characteristics and substance use-related characteristics were recorded using self-developed forms. With regard to psychological traits, we used the self-esteem scale, the experience of shame scale, and the revised Cheek and Buss shyness scale to assess the self-esteem, shame, and shyness of substance users, respectively. The degree of substance use craving of substance users was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using independent samples T-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis, as appropriate.ResultsThe majority of the substance users were unmarried, employed, and with lower education levels. For substance use-related characteristics, the age of first use was 27.52 ± 8.30 years and the duration of substance use was 12.29 ± 7.72 years. The scores of their self-esteem, shame, and shyness were 25.65 ± 3.19, 57.26 ± 7.82, and 37.8 ± 7.13, respectively. All substance users rated the intensity of their substance use cravings using the VAS, which showed that the mean score was 2.83 ± 1.87. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that substance use craving was positively associated with the frequency of substance use (β = 0.186, P &lt; 0.001), times of substance rehabilitation (β = 0.128, P = 0.003), shyness (β = 0.211, P &lt; 0.001), and shame (β = 0.091, P = 0.033), and negatively associated with self-esteem (β = –0.117, P = 0.008).ConclusionFactors and psychological traits related to substance use are important to account for substance use craving and relapse. Thus, our findings are helpful for a better understanding of the extent of substance use cravings among users and the selection of appropriate interventions to control the craving and relapse.
Association between the domestic use of solid cooking fuel and increased prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment in a big developing country: A large-scale population-based study
Authors: Jin Yuming , Zhou Xianghong , Deng Linghui , Xiong Xingyu , Li Yifan , Wei Qiang , Dong Birong , Qiu Shi 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that air pollution affects physiological and psychological health. Using solid fuel at home is a significant source of indoor air pollution. The associations between solid fuel use and depressive symptoms and cognitive health were unclear among older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsTo evaluate the association of solid fuel use with depressive symptoms and cognitive health among older adults, we obtained data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) and excluded subjects younger than 60 years and without critical data (solid fuel use, depressive symptoms, and cognitive health). The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) was used to assess depressive symptoms, with more than ten indicative of depression. Cognitive health was assessed using measures from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and subjects with the lowest 10th percentile were considered to have cognitive impairment. The participants' responses defined solid fuel use. Multivariable logistic regression, linear regression, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests were performed to appraise the relationship between solid fuel use and depression and cognitive impairment.ResultsA total of 29,789 participants over 60 years old were involved in this study. Almost half of the participants (47.5%) reported using solid fuel for home cooking. Compared with clean fuel use, solid fuel use was related to an increased prevalence of depression [odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.16] and higher CES-D-10 scores (β 0.23, 95% CI 0.12–0.35) after fully adjusted covariables. Using solid fuel was also related to a higher risk of cognitive impairment (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11–1.32) and a lower cognitive score (β −0.63, 95% CI −0.79 to −0.47) compared with those who used clean fuel. In the subgroup analysis, the prevalence of depression increased in females and non-smokers. The association of solid fuel use with depression and cognitive impairment exists in subgroups of BMI, economic status, caste, living area, education, and drinking.ConclusionsThe use of solid fuel at home was associated with an increased prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment among older adults in India.
A cross-sectional assessment of knowledge, awareness of risk factors, and perceptions of thyroid disease (TD) among adults living in Saudi Arabia – A community based study
Authors: Alhazmi Riyadh A. , Alobaid Abdullah M. , Althunayyan Saqer Mohammed , Syed Wajid , Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe incidence of thyroid diseases has tripled in the last three decades, and the prevalence is rising rapidly irrespective of gender and genetics. This study aimed to assess the Knowledge, awareness of risk factors, and perceptions of thyroid disease among the Saudi Community in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional, online web-based, survey type study was conducted between November 2021 to January 2022 among residents living in Saudi Arabia. Individuals aged ≥ 18 years who expressed a willingness to complete the survey were included. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out to determine the factors associated with knowledge of thyroid using SPSS version 26.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, U.S.).ResultsAmong the participants, the majority of them were females than males (77.5 vs. 22.5%). A total of 78.2% (n = 566) of them were aware of the thyroid. Nearly 44% (n = 312) of respondents are aware that a lump in the neck or swelling is a sign of thyroid disease, followed by pain in the neck 24.6% (n = 178), and difficulty in swallowing 23.8% (n = 172). The mean knowledge score of the thyroid was 4.1 (SD = 3.09), while the score of the mean perception was 33.02 (SD = 6.41). The mean knowledge scores were significantly associated with having previous knowledge of thyroid disease (t = 5.08; p = 0.0001). The gender of the participant and the presence of chronic diseases were found to have no impact on the knowledge score of the thyroid disease (t = −1.18; p = 0.235; t = 1.005; p = 0.315). Additionally, the perceptions score was not significantly associated with the demographics of the participants (p = 0.05).ConclusionIn this study, Saudi adults reported varying levels of knowledge and perceptions of thyroid disease. Having previous knowledge of the thyroid was significantly associated with the knowledge score. It is necessary to educate people about this rising disease.