bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant deformation and implant–abutment fracture resistance after standardized artificial aging: An in vitro study
Authors: Zhai Zhihao , Nakano Tamaki , Chen Yuming , Watanabe Shota , Matsuoka Takashi , Ishigaki Shoichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeZirconia abutments have been widely adopted in clinical implant practice. The unique mechanical properties of zirconia may significantly affect the long‐term prognosis of implant treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of abutment material on implant deformation and fracture resistance of internal conical connection implant–abutment complexes of two diameters after standardized artificial aging.Materials and methodsThirty original abutments (one‐piece titanium, one‐piece zirconia, zirconia with alloy base) with two diameters (regular, narrow) were connected to internal conical connection implants and subjected to a standardized artificial aging process consisting of thermal cycling and mechanical cyclic loading. Microcomputed tomography (μCT) scans of implant bodies were performed before and after aging. 3‐dimensional images of implant bodies were generated from the μCT scans and aligned for before and after aging to calculate the volumetric deformation amount. Finally, fracture resistance was measured using a mechanical static loading test for the surviving aged and 30 brand‐new specimens.ResultsAll specimens survived artificial aging. No significant difference in implant deformation was found in the regular groups (p = 0.095). In narrow groups, the one‐piece zirconia group showed significantly less deformation (p < 0.0001). For fracture resistance, no significant decrease was observed after aging in any group (p > 0.05). One‐piece zirconia abutments showed significantly lower strength than the other two materials for both diameters (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn the regular diameter system, abutment material had no significant influence on the tested mechanical property degradation after simulated long‐term oral use. The mechanical performance of narrow diameter one‐piece zirconia abutments differed from the other two materials. For optimal performance, one‐piece zirconia abutments should be adopted only in anterior regions.
Mapping the current trends and hotspots of vascular cognitive impairment from 2000–2021: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Han Xu , Zhang Jian , Chen Sifan , Yu Weifeng , Zhou Yan , Gu Xiyao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo visualize the trends and hotspots in the scientific research related to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) quantitatively and qualitatively.MethodsCross‐sectional bibliometric analysis of publications that related to VCI was conducted. Publications were found by searching in the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) – Edition: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI‐Expanded) from January 2000 to December 2021. Publication type was restricted to article and review in the English language. The downloaded data were screened and analyzed in January 2022.ResultsIn total, 16,264 publications were identified, with a steady increase in annual publications. The United States was the leading country in VCI research regarding publication numbers and national influence. National Institute of Aging had the highest influence among all the institutes in the field of VCI. Philip Scheltens was the most active author. The top five active authors' publications focused on pathobiology, neuroimaging standards, risk factors, prevention, and the standard diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD). A co‐cited publication clustering resulted in 19 main clusters, and the prevention, blood–brain barrier, cholesterol, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and VaD were the top 5 clusters. Moreover, burst keywords detection revealed that the “small vessel disease” is the current hotspot in the field of VCI.ConclusionsThis bibliometric analysis mapped the overall research structure of VCI and analyzed the current research trends and hotspots for future studies orientation. Neuroimaging, risk factors detection, and pathobiology are the current trends in VCI research. Small vessel disease and its mechanisms are the current hotspots of VCI research.
Antidepressant drug–drug–drug interactions associated with unintentional traumatic injury: Screening for signals in real‐world data
Authors: Chen Cheng , Hennessy Sean , Brensinger Colleen M. , Bilker Warren B. , Dublin Sascha , Chung Sophie P. , Horn John R. , Bogar Kacie F. , Leonard Charles E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAntidepressants are associated with traumatic injury and are widely used with other medications. It remains unknown how drug–drug–drug interactions (3DIs) between antidepressants and two other drugs may impact potential injury risks associated with antidepressants. We aimed to generate hypotheses regarding antidepressant 3DI signals associated with elevated injury rates. Using 2000–2020 Optum's de‐identified Clinformatics Data Mart, we performed a self‐controlled case series study for each drug triad consisting of an antidepressant + codispensed drug (base‐pair) with a candidate interacting medication (precipitant). We included persons aged greater than or equal to 16 years who (1) experienced an injury and (2) used a candidate precipitant, during base‐pair therapy. We compared injury rates during observation time exposed to the drug triad versus the base‐pair only, adjusting for time‐varying covariates. We calculated adjusted rate ratios (RRs) using conditional Poisson regression and accounted for multiple comparisons via semi‐Bayes shrinkage. Among 147,747 eligible antidepressant users with an injury, we studied 120,714 antidepressant triads, of which 334 (0.3%) were positively associated with elevated injury rates and thus considered potential 3DI signals. Adjusted RRs for signals ranged from 1.31 (1.04–1.65) for sertraline + levothyroxine with tramadol (vs. without tramadol) to 6.60 (3.23–13.46) for escitalopram + simvastatin with aripiprazole (vs. without aripiprazole). Nearly half of the signals (137, 41.0%) had adjusted RRs greater than or equal to 2, suggesting strong associations with injury. The identified signals may represent antidepressant 3DIs of potential clinical concern and warrant future etiologic studies to test these hypotheses.
Sustaining productivity gains in the face of climate change: A research agenda for US wheat
Authors: Kusunose Yoko , Rossi Jairus J. , Van Sanford David A. , Alderman Phillip D. , Anderson James A. , Chai Yuan , Gerullis Maria K. , Jagadish S. V. Krishna , Paul Pierce A. , Tack Jesse B. , Wright Brian D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWheat is a globally important crop and one of the “big three” US field crops. But unlike the other two (maize and soybean), in the United States its development is commercially unattractive, and so its breeding takes place primarily in public universities. Troublingly, the incentive structures within these universities may be hindering genetic improvement just as climate change is complicating breeding efforts. “Business as usual” in the US public wheat‐breeding infrastructure may not sustain productivity increases. To address this concern, we held a multidisciplinary conference in which researchers from 12 US (public) universities and one European university shared the current state of knowledge in their disciplines, aired concerns, and proposed initiatives that could facilitate maintaining genetic improvement of wheat in the face of climate change. We discovered that climate‐change‐oriented breeding efforts are currently considered too risky and/or costly for most university wheat breeders to undertake, leading to a relative lack of breeding efforts that focus on abiotic stressors such as drought and heat. We hypothesize that this risk/cost burden can be reduced through the development of appropriate germplasm, relevant screening mechanisms, consistent germplasm characterization, and innovative models predicting the performance of germplasm under projected future climate conditions. However, doing so will require coordinated, longer‐term, inter‐regional efforts to generate phenotype data, and the modification of incentive structures to consistently reward such efforts.
Natural Clinopyroxene Reference Materials for In Situ Microanalysis
Authors: Li Wenjun , Wang Jing , Cui Mengmeng , Liu Xia , Jia Lihui , Chen Kaiyun , Wu Shitou , Gao Bingyu , Xue Dingshuai , Liu Yanhong , Li Chao , Luo Yang , Su Benxun 
Published: November 2022

Two clinopyroxene megacrysts, DMP‐2 and DMP‐3, were collected from Cenozoic alkali basalts in the Hannuoba region of China. They were characterised for major and trace element compositions for in situ microanalysis. EPMA and LA‐ICP‐MS analyses indicate homogeneity in the element mass fractions in both clinopyroxene samples. Bulk analyses using various techniques (XRF, ICP‐OES and solution ICP‐MS) also reveal good consistency in their major and trace element data. They, thus, can be used as potential reference materials for elemental in situ microanalysis. Accordingly, element mass fractions are recommended for thirty‐two elements.
Physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids induce pathological DNA double‐strand breaks
Authors: Akter Salma , Shimba Akihiro , Ikuta Koichi , Mahmud Md. Rasel Al , Yamada Shintaro , Sasanuma Hiroyuki , Tsuda Masataka , Sone Masakatsu , Ago Yukio , Murai Kenichi , Tanaka Hisashi , Takeda Shunichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSteroid hormones induce the transcription of target genes by activating nuclear receptors. Early transcriptional response to various stimuli, including hormones, involves the active catalysis of topoisomerase II (TOP2) at transcription regulatory sequences. TOP2 untangles DNAs by transiently generating double‐strand breaks (DSBs), where TOP2 covalently binds to DSB ends. When TOP2 fails to rejoin, called “abortive” catalysis, the resulting DSBs are repaired by tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) and non‐homologous end‐joining (NHEJ). A steroid, cortisol, is the most important glucocorticoid, and dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is widely used for suppressing inflammation in clinics. We here revealed that clinically relevant concentrations of Dex and physiological concentrations of cortisol efficiently induce DSBs in G1 phase cells deficient in TDP2 and NHEJ. The DSB induction depends on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and TOP2. Considering the specific role of TDP2 in removing TOP2 adducts from DSB ends, induced DSBs most likely represent stalled TOP2‐DSB complexes. Inhibition of RNA polymerase II suppressed the DSBs formation only modestly in the G1 phase. We propose that cortisol and Dex frequently generate DSBs through the abortive catalysis of TOP2 at transcriptional regulatory sequences, including promoters or enhancers, where active TOP2 catalysis occurs during early transcriptional response.
Using USGS Program WTAQ and Superposition to Model Stream Depletions
Authors: Durbin Timothy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConcerns about streamflow depletions due to groundwater pumping have stimulated the development of various analytical and numerical approaches to quantifying such depletions. Absent among the analytical approaches are those applicable to problems involving a three‐dimensional aquifer with a partially penetrating production well. The U.S. Geological Survey program WTAQ can be used to simulate water‐level declines in a three‐dimensional aquifer without a stream. However, by applying the principles of superposition, WTAQ is used to simulate temporal streamflow depletions due to pumping from a partially penetrating well in a homogeneous, three‐dimensional, horizontally infinite, water‐table aquifer with an arbitrarily located infinitesimally thin stream positioned vertically at the water table.
A qualitative investigation of perceptions towards antibiotics by members of the public after choosing to pledge as an Antibiotic Guardian
Authors: Flintham Lorna , Ashiru‐Oredope Diane , Charlesworth Jordan , Harrison Roger , Dalgarno Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionAntimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats facing global humanity. In 2014, Public Health England (now the UK Health Security Agency) launched the Antibiotic Guardian (AG) campaign as a national health promotion initiative to increase public and health professionals' commitment to reducing the threat of antibiotic resistance (ABR). The aim of this research study was to gain a snapshot of public AG attitudes towards antibiotic use, the AG campaign and illness postpledge.MethodologyThis research used an exploratory study design using thematic and framework analysis of semistructured, in‐depth interviews. A purposive convenience sampling strategy was used to recruit 10 participants; adults in the general population who had registered with and chosen an AG pledge via the AG online platform during November 2020 were eligible for inclusion. Interviews were conducted via Zoom.ResultsSix main themes were identified: campaign awareness, motivators to pledge (uncertainty about the future of ABR, personal gratification, personal responsibility, moral obligation and COVID‐19), perceptions of personal responsibility (and patient perspectives of moral obligation in clinicians), the impact of the campaign and campaign promotion. Pledging appeared to solidify existing perceptions AGs held. Behavioural motivations for responsible antibiotic behaviours stemmed from perceptions of personal responsibility, moral obligation and concerns about ABR. AGs attributed responsibility to variable patterns in overprescribing. Perceptions towards COVID‐19, coinciding with the previously established study period, appeared mixed. AGs were keen to promote responsible perceptions in relation to antibiotics, resistance and the AG campaign. However, poor social acceptability of ABR concern was raised as a barrier to campaign promotion.DiscussionThe AGs' longstanding commitment to antimicrobial resistance demonstrates the importance of a pre‐existing interest in the public's self‐reported judicious behaviours and decision to pledge to an ABR‐focused campaign. Presenting the local and global threat to human mortality and morbidity in a more relatable format in public messaging should be considered in future strategies promoting ABR awareness and shifts in public perceptions. More frequent messaging to existing AGs is further recommended to propagate positive behaviour change among a wider audience.Patient or Public ContributionThis study was based on interviews with adult members of the public who had pledged to be AGs via the website www.AntibioticGuardian.com. Interviews were based on the public's perceptions of the AG campaign, antibiotic use and ABR.
Oleracone C from Portulaca oleracea attenuates UVB‐induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase and type I procollagen production via MAPK and TGF‐β/Smad pathways in human keratinocytes
Authors: Oh Jung Hwan , Karadeniz Fatih , Lee Jung Im , Seo Youngwan , Kong Chang‐Suk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces photo‐oxidation, which in turn causes the overproduction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen degradation. These symptoms are referred to as photoaging, which is characterized by skin thickness, irregular pigmentation, elastosis and coarse wrinkles. In this study, the protective effects of oleracone C isolated from Portulaca olerace against UVB‐induced changes in MMPs and type I procollagen production were investigated in human keratinocytes.MethodsHuman immortalized keratinocytes have been used as an in vitro cell model to study the abnormal skin barrier development such as in photoaging. The effects of the compound on cell viability were determined by colorimetric MTT assay. This study also measured ROS production using DCFH‐DA assay. Releases of MMPs and type Iα1 procollagen were analysed by ELISA. RT‐PCR and Western blot were carried out to test the expressions of mRNA and proteins related to MMPs and type I procollagen biosynthesis.ResultEffect of oleracone C against UVB‐mediated oxidative stress was evaluated measuring its ability to eliminate UVB‐induced activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment of oleracone C hindered the production of intracellular ROS. UVB exposure increased MMPs (MMP‐1, MMP‐2 and MMP‐9) release from keratinocytes and decreased the release of type I procollagen. Treatment with oleracone C reversed these effects of UVB exposure. Oleracone C treatment also diminished the intracellular expression of MMP‐1, MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and elevated the type I procollagen. Oleracone C suppressed the UVB irradiation‐dependent upregulation phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Furthermore, oleracone C stimulated collagen production through the TGF‐β signalling pathway, which activates collagen synthesis in UVB‐irradiated keratinocytes.ConclusionThese findings reasonably suggest ameliorating the potential of oleracone C against the UVB‐induced photoaging of the human keratinocytes.
PROBE 2023 guidelines for reporting observational studies in Endodontics: A consensus‐based development study
Authors: Nagendrababu Venkateshbabu , Duncan Henry F. , Fouad Ashraf F. , Kirkevang Lise‐Lotte , Parashos Peter , Pigg Maria , Væth Michael , Jayaraman Jayakumar , Suresh Nandini , Arias Ana , Wigsten Emma , Dummer Paul M. H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObservational studies are non‐interventional studies that establish the prevalence and incidence of conditions or diseases in populations or analyse the relationship between health status and other variables. They also facilitate the development of specific research questions for future randomized trials or to answer important scientific questions when trials are not possible to carry out. This article outlines the previously documented consensus‐based approach by which the Preferred Reporting items for Observational studies in Endodontics (PROBE) 2023 guidelines were developed. A steering committee of nine members was formed, including the project leaders (PD, VN). The steering committee developed an initial checklist by combining and adapting items from the STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles, as well as adding several new items specifically for the specialty of Endodontics. The steering committee then established a PROBE Delphi Group (PDG) and a PROBE Online Meeting Group (POMG) to obtain expert input and feedback on the preliminary draft checklist. The PDG members participated in an online Delphi process to reach consensus on the clarity and suitability of the items present in the PROBE checklist. The POMG then held detailed discussions on the PROBE checklist generated through the online Delphi process. This online meeting was held via the Zoom platform on 7th October 2022. Following this meeting, the steering committee revised the PROBE checklist, which was piloted by several authors when preparing a manuscript describing an observational study for publication. The PROBE 2023 checklist consists of 11 sections and 58 items. Authors are now encouraged to adopt the PROBE 2023 guidelines, which will improve the overall reporting quality of observational studies in Endodontics. The PROBE 2023 checklist is freely available and can be downloaded from the PRIDE website (https://pride‐endodonticguidelines.org/probe/).
Complex cycles of divergence and migration shape lineage structure in the common kingsnake species complex
Authors: Harrington Sean , Burbrink Frank T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe Nearctic is a complex patchwork of habitats and geologic features that form barriers to gene flow resulting in phylogeographic structure and speciation in many lineages. Habitats are rarely stable over geologic time, and the Nearctic has undergone major climatic changes in the past few million years. We use the common kingsnake species complex to study how climate, geography, and history influence lineage formation over a large, complex landscape.LocationNearctic/North America.TaxonCommon kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula, species complex.MethodsWe analysed genome‐wide sequence data from 51 snakes spanning the majority of the species complex's range. We used population clustering, generalized dissimilarity modelling and coalescent methods to identify the number of genetic clusters within the L. getula complex, infer the environmental correlates of genetic differentiation, and estimate models of divergence and gene flow among lineages.ResultsWe identified three major lineages within the L. getula complex and further continuous spatial structure within lineages. The most important ecological correlates of genetic distance in the complex are related to aridity and precipitation, consistent with lineage breaks at the Great Plains/Desert ecotone and the Cochise filter barrier. Lineages are estimated to have undergone multiple rounds of isolation and secondary contact, with highly asymmetric migration occurring at present.Main conclusionsChanging climates combined with a large and geologically complex landscape have resulted in a mosaic of discrete and spatially continuous genetic structure. Multiple rounds of isolation and secondary contact as climate fluctuated over the past ~4.4 My have likely driven the evolution of discrete lineages that maintain high levels of gene flow. Continuous structure is strongly shaped by aridity and precipitation, suggesting roles for major precipitation gradients in helping to maintain lineage identity in the face of gene flow when lineages are in geographic contact.
An examination of the effectiveness of problem‐based learning method supported by augmented reality in science education
Authors: Arici Faruk , Yilmaz Mehmet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality (AR) is a widely used technology in science education today. Problem‐based learning (PBL) is one of the teaching methods employed in science education for a long time. Studies where AR and PBL are used together are new and rare. PBL and AR technology are used together in the study because it is believed that integrating AR technology with PBL increases the effectiveness of PBL.ObjectivesIn the present study, the effect of PBL supported by AR on academic achievement, reflective thinking skills towards problem‐solving, decision‐making abilities, and the permanence levels of the 7th‐grade students were researched.MethodsThe embedded design from mixed methods was used in the study, which had two experimental groups and one control group. For the Experiment‐1, Experiment‐2, and Control Groups, respectively, PBL supported by AR, PBL alone, and the current teaching method were used. The sample consists of 92 students from the seventh grade.Results and ConclusionsIn terms of academic achievement, reflective thinking skills towards problem‐solving, and decision‐making abilities, the Experiment‐1 Group outperformed the Experiment‐2 and Control Groups, and the Experiment‐2 Group outperformed the Control Group. It has been discovered that PBL supported by AR is more effective than solely PBL and the currently used teaching method in terms of improving reflective thinking skills towards problem‐solving and decision‐making abilities, as well as the persistence of academic achievement in a science course.