bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body Mass Index Trajectory and Outcome Post Fontan Procedure
Authors: Payne Emma , Garden Frances , d’Udekem Yves , McCallum Zoe , Wightman Helen , Zannino Diana , Zentner Dominica , Cordina Rachael , Weintraub Robert , Wilson Thomas G. , Ayer Julian 
Published: September 2022

Background
Patients with a single ventricle who experience early life growth failure suffer high morbidity and mortality in the perisurgical period. However, long‐term implications of poor infant growth, as well as associations between body mass index (BMI) and outcome in adulthood, remain unclear. We aimed to model BMI trajectories of patients with a single ventricle undergoing a Fontan procedure to determine trajectory‐based differences in baseline characteristics and long‐term clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results
We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records from patients in the Australia and New Zealand Fontan Registry receiving treatment at the Royal Children's Hospital, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital from 1981 to 2018. BMI trajectories were modeled in 496 patients using latent class growth analysis from 0 to 6 months, 6 to 60 months, and 5 to 16 years. Trajectories were compared regarding long‐term incidence of severe Fontan failure (defined as mortality, heart transplantation, Fontan takedown, or New York Heart Association class III/IV heart failure). Three trajectories were found for male and female subjects at each age group—lower, middle, higher. Subjects in the lower trajectory at 0 to 6 months were more likely to have an atriopulmonary Fontan and experienced increased mortality long term. No association was found between higher BMI trajectory, current BMI, and long‐term outcome.

Conclusions
Poor growth in early life correlates with increased long‐term severe Fontan failure. Delineation of distinct BMI trajectories can be used in larger and older cohorts to find optimal BMI targets for patient outcome.
Data Access and the Study of Educational Equity: Implications from a National School Boundary Data Collection Effort
Authors: Asson Sarah , Frankenberg Erica , Maselli Annie , Burfoot-Rochford Ian , Fowler Christopher S. , Buck Ruth Krebs 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
School attendance zone boundary (AZB) data remain relatively underdocumented and understudied within the field of education, despite their critical implications for educational (in)equity. AZBs shape student outcomes and residential sorting patterns both by determining the public schools a student is assigned to and by signaling neighborhood characteristics to prospective homebuyers. The limited access, regulation, and review of AZB data to date has left a gap in the knowledge base, having the potential to leave intact (and exacerbate) patterns of segregation that maintain inequities in educational opportunity. Lack of data also limits our ability to know whether and when AZBs may mitigate segregation. In this brief, we examine a novel data collection effort of current and historical AZB data—the Longitudinal School Attendance Boundary System—to explore the contextual and political factors associated with data access and data quality. We aim to show how factors that hinder access to quality AZB data affect the study of educational equity, and we advocate for more comprehensive, top–down governmental efforts to create, maintain, and collect these data.
Dependency Parsing with Backtracking using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Dary Franck , Petit Maxime , Nasr Alexis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Greedy algorithms for NLP such as transition-based parsing are prone to error propagation. One way to overcome this problem is to allow the algorithm to backtrack and explore an alternative solution in cases where new evidence contradicts the solution explored so far. In order to implement such a behavior, we use reinforcement learning and let the algorithm backtrack in cases where such an action gets a better reward than continuing to explore the current solution. We test this idea on both POS tagging and dependency parsing and show that backtracking is an effective means to fight against error propagation.
Temporal Effects on Pre-trained Models for Language Processing Tasks
Authors: Agarwal Oshin , Nenkova Ani 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Keeping the performance of language technologies optimal as time passes is of great practical interest. We study temporal effects on model performance on downstream language tasks, establishing a nuanced terminology for such discussion and identifying factors essential to conduct a robust study. We present experiments for several tasks in English where the label correctness is not dependent on time and demonstrate the importance of distinguishing between temporal model deterioration and temporal domain adaptation for systems using pre-trained representations. We find that, depending on the task, temporal model deterioration is not necessarily a concern. Temporal domain adaptation, however, is beneficial in all cases, with better performance for a given time period possible when the system is trained on temporally more recent data. Therefore, we also examine the efficacy of two approaches for temporal domain adaptation without human annotations on new data. Self-labeling shows consistent improvement and notably, for named entity recognition, leads to better temporal adaptation than even human annotations.
Learning English with Peppa Pig
Authors: Nikolaus Mitja , Alishahi Afra , Chrupała Grzegorz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent computational models of the acquisition of spoken language via grounding in perception exploit associations between spoken and visual modalities and learn to represent speech and visual data in a joint vector space. A major unresolved issue from the point of ecological validity is the training data, typically consisting of images or videos paired with spoken descriptions of what is depicted. Such a setup guarantees an unrealistically strong correlation between speech and the visual data. In the real world the coupling between the linguistic and the visual modality is loose, and often confounded by correlations with non-semantic aspects of the speech signal. Here we address this shortcoming by using a dataset based on the children’s cartoon Peppa Pig. We train a simple bi-modal architecture on the portion of the data consisting of dialog between characters, and evaluate on segments containing descriptive narrations. Despite the weak and confounded signal in this training data, our model succeeds at learning aspects of the visual semantics of spoken language.
An Era of Apologetical Hermeneutics—Detecting a Neo-Kantian Paradigm of Biblical Interpretation
Authors: Eskola Timo 
Published: September 2022

This article attempts to present a thesis concerning a neo-Kantian argumentation which seems to lie behind the biblical interpretation of several famous scholars of modern times. A theological exploitation of the famous Kantian distinction between ‛a priori’ and ‛a posteriori’ knowledge resulted in separating historical study from the understanding of the message of the text.
This separation was usually made for apologetic purposes. D.F. Strauss, A. von Harnack and R. Bultmann wished to preserve the essence of Christianity from the attacks of the modern empirical sciences. Even though the historical content was lost for the most part—since the Bible was considered to be mythical and supernatural—eternal truth (Strauss) or the pure religion of Jesus (Harnack) or true existential self-understanding (Bultmann) were preserved.
If we examine the validity and justification of the neo-Kantian tradition today, we can see that it has been built on false premises. ‛A priori’ knowledge does not provide an entry into the transcendent. It is not a scientific method for attaining divine revelation. Neither can we agree with the assumption that the best understanding of a text is attained by separating the message from its historical content and context.
New solutions for a hermeneutical theory should be sought following the modern theory of knowledge. The meaning of a text is dependent on its precise content. This leads us to undertake a new assessment of the religious language of the Bible.
Chemotherapy response evaluation using diffusion weighted MRI in Ewing Sarcoma: A single center experience
Authors: Kayal Esha Baidya , Alampally Jayendra Tiru , Sharma Raju , Bakhshi Sameer , Mehndiratta Amit , Kumar Rakesh , Chandrashekhara SH , Jana Manisha , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Sharma Mehar Chand , Mridha Asit Ranjan , Vishnubhatla Sreenivas , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy 
Published: September 2022

Background Non-invasive biomarkers for early chemotherapeutic response in Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) are useful for optimizing existing treatment protocol. Purpose To assess the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early evaluation of chemotherapeutic response in ESFT. Material and Methods A total of 28 patients (mean age = 17.2 ± 5.6 years) with biopsy proven ESFT were analyzed prospectively. Patients underwent MRI acquisition on a 1.5-T scanner at three time points: before starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (baseline), after first cycle chemotherapy (early time point), and after completion of chemotherapy (last time point). RECIST 1.1 criteria was used to evaluate the response to chemotherapy and patients were categorized as responders (complete and partial response) and non-responders (stable and progressive disease). Tumor diameter, absolute apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and normalized ADC (nADC) values in the tumor were measured. Baseline parameters and relative percentage change of parameters after first cycle chemotherapy were assessed for early detection of chemotherapy response. Results The responder:non-responder ratio was 21:7. At baseline, ADC ([0.864 ± 0.266 vs. 0.977 ± 0.246]) × 10−3mm2/s; P = 0.205) and nADC ([0.740 ± 0.254 vs. 0.925 ± 0.262] × 10−3mm2/s; P = 0.033) among responders was lower than the non-responders and predicted response to chemotherapy with AUCs of 0.6 and 0.735, respectively. At the early time point, tumor diameter (27% ± 14% vs. 4.6% ± 10%; P = 0.002) showed a higher reduction and ADC (75% ± 44% vs. 52% ± 72%; P = 0.039) and nADC (81% ± 44% vs. 48% ± 67%; P = 0.008) showed a higher increase in mean values among responders than the non-responders and identified chemotherapy response with AUC of 0.890, 0.723, and 0.756, respectively. Conclusion Baseline nADC and its change after the first cycle of chemotherapy can be used as non-invasive surrogate markers of early chemotherapeutic response in patients with ESFT.
Anatomic Factors Associated With the Development of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rerupture in Men: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Misir Abdulhamit , Uzun Erdal , Sayer Gokhan , Guney Betul , Guney Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

Background: Although several factors are associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rerupture, the effect of anatomic factors associated with ACL rupture on ACL rerupture development has not been evaluated. Purpose: To determine individual anatomic parameters independently associated with ACL rerupture and the diagnostic values of these parameters. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 91 male patients with ACL rerupture and 182 age-, sex-, body mass index–, and side dominance–matched patients without rerupture who underwent ACL reconstruction with a 5-year follow-up were included. In all, 35 parameters that were previously defined as risk factors for primary ACL rupture were compared between the 2 groups. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression models were created to evaluate independently associated factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for independently associated parameters to predict sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values. Results: The mean ± standard deviation age of patients at the time of index surgery was 26.5 ± 6.7 years. Notch shape index ( P = .014), tibial proximal anteroposterior (AP) distance (TPAPD) ( P < .001), lateral femoral condylar AP distance (LCAPD)/TPAPD ratio ( P < .001), medial meniscal cartilage bone height ( P < .001), and lateral meniscal bone angle ( P = .004) were found to be significantly different between the 2 groups. Only the LCAPD/TPAPD ratio (odds ratio, 2.713; 95% CI, 1.998-5.480; P < .001) was found to be independently associated with ACL rerupture development. The LCAPD/TPAPD ratio revealed 78.9% sensitivity and 75.5% specificity (area under the curve, 0.815; 95% CI, 0.760-0.870) for values above 1.52. Conclusion: The LCAPD/TPAPD ratio can be used to distinguish patients who are at risk of developing ACL rerupture from patients who are not. In the clinical practice, findings of this study may help to develop surgical and nonsurgical preventive strategies in ACL rerupture development.
Various phenotypes of LRBA gene with compound heterozygous variation: A case series report of pediatric cytopenia patients
Authors: Yao Jiafeng , Gu Hao , Mou Wenjun , Chen Zhenping , Ma Jie , Ma Honghao , Li Nan , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou , Jiang Jin , Wu Runhui 
Published: September 2022

Objective: LPS-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) deficiency is one of the most common monogenic disorders causing common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and CVID-like disorders. However, the clinical spectrum of compound heterozygous (CHZ) LRBA variation should be extended. In this study, we presented five cases of compound heterozygous LRBA with various refractory cytopenias. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of five cases (from five pedigrees) with LRBA gene CHZ variants which initially manifested as single/multilineage immune cytopenias was performed. Results: 1. Gene variations: All five patients inherited the compound heterozygous LRBA variations from their parents which were thought to be pathogenic. BEACH, DUF4704, and LamG were the main affected domains of LRBA gene in this case series. 2. Immune dysregulation of clinic: (1) Hypogammaglobulinemia were recorded in four patients, and the proportion of Treg was decreased in two patients. Only one patient had been with increased TCRαβ+CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells (DNT). (2) Lymphoproliferative manifestations were seen in three patients. (3) All five patients were complained with cytopenia, although they showed different clinical manifestations. None of the parents was asymptomatic. (4) Other immune disorders: P5 also had relapsed infections and autoimmune endocrinopathy. 3. Management and outcomes: P1 and P5 responded well to immunomodulatory therapy and P3 was effectively treated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) first-line regimen chemotherapy. P4 showed no responses to steroids and IVIG. However, TPO-R agonist was effective. Conclusion: Unlike homozygous mutations, compound heterozygous LRBA variation should always be kept in mind for the various phenotypes and different treatment responses.
Spatiotemporal characterization of aerosols and trace gases over the Yangtze River Delta region, China: impact of trans-boundary pollution and meteorology
Authors: Javed Zeeshan , Bilal Muhammad , Qiu Zhongfeng , Li Guanlin , Sandhu Osama , Mehmood Khalid , Wang Yu , Ali Md. Arfan , Liu Cheng , Wang Yuhang , Xue Ruibin , Du Daolin , Zheng Xiaojun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The spatiotemporal variation of observed trace gases (NO2, SO2, O3) and particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) were investigated over cities of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region including Nanjing, Hefei, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Furthermore, the characteristics of different pollution episodes, i.e., haze events (visibility < 7 km, relative humidity < 80%, and PM2.5 > 40 µg/m3) and complex pollution episodes (PM2.5 > 35 µg/m3 and O3 > 160 µg/m3) were studied over the cities of the YRD region. The impact of China clean air action plan on concentration of aerosols and trace gases is examined. The impacts of trans-boundary pollution and different meteorological conditions were also examined.

Results
The highest annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 were found for 2019 over all the cities. The annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 showed continuous declines from 2019 to 2021 due to emission control measures and implementation of the Clean Air Action plan over all the cities of the YRD region. The annual mean O3 levels showed a decline in 2020 over all the cities of YRD region, which is unprecedented since the beginning of the China’s National environmental monitoring program since 2013. However, a slight increase in annual O3 was observed in 2021. The highest overall means of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 were observed over Hefei, whereas the highest O3 levels were found in Nanjing. Despite the strict control measures, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations exceeded the Grade-1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and WHO (World Health Organization) guidelines over all the cities of the YRD region. The number of haze days was higher in Hefei and Nanjing, whereas the complex pollution episodes or concurrent occurrence of O3 and PM2.5 pollution days were higher in Hangzhou and Shanghai.
The in situ data for SO2 and NO2 showed strong correlation with Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite data.

Conclusions
Despite the observed reductions in primary pollutants concentrations, the secondary pollutants formation is still a concern for major metropolises. The increase in temperature and lower relative humidity favors the accumulation of O3, while low temperature, low wind speeds and lower relative humidity favor the accumulation of primary pollutants. This study depicts different air pollution problems for different cities inside a region. Therefore, there is a dire need to continuous monitoring and analysis of air quality parameters and design city-specific policies and action plans to effectively deal with the metropolitan pollution.
Sustainable development assessment of incentive-driven shared on-demand mobility systems in rural settings
Authors: Heinitz Florian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In the light of the sustainable development goals, a set of operationalizable criteria quantifying societal benefits versus costs is needed to prepare for the introduction of an incentive-driven, high adoption shared on-demand mobility service in a rural transportation area. Aiming to reduce still-existing uncertainty about the impacts of a market entry and to balance substantial monetary incentives for suppliers of pooled rides with the progress in net GHG emission reduction and accessibility gain, the framework is applicable at the transactional and/or aggregate level.

Results
The presented set of indicators is decision-oriented, and applicable both at the transactional and macro level. Scenarios and user choice situations for two regulatory options of demand responsive transport—one in line with the current legislation in Germany, avoiding overlap with existing fixed-route scheduled public transport and one not strictly complementary which assumes direct competition—are formalized. By the help of a case study, the outcome of the different organizational models at three levels of incentivization can be systematically compared. The implementation effort of the assessment method is examined in view of the forthcoming sustainability compliance reporting in this sector.

Conclusions
A system-optimal constrained public private DRT deployment offers the opportunity of a reduction of uneconomic routes and parallel services upon selection of eligible rides. As shown, a crowding out of existing, publicly financed offerings in an unsaturated mobility market should not be the primary concern. At the contrary, resorting to supply-side incentives, a proportion of the high volume of solo car trips could be consolidated while levels of service improve in total. However, this may be associated with considerable expense, as demonstrated by the quantity structure of the provided case study.
Assignment of structural domains in proteins using diffusion kernels on graphs
Authors: Taheri-Ledari Mohammad , Zandieh Amirali , Shariatpanahi Seyed Peyman , Eslahchi Changiz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThough proposing algorithmic approaches for protein domain decomposition has been of high interest, the inherent ambiguity to the problem makes it still an active area of research. Besides, accurate automated methods are in high demand as the number of solved structures for complex proteins is on the rise. While majority of the previous efforts for decomposition of 3D structures are centered on the developing clustering algorithms, employing enhanced measures of proximity between the amino acids has remained rather uncharted. If there exists a kernel function that in its reproducing kernel Hilbert space, structural domains of proteins become well separated, then protein structures can be parsed into domains without the need to use a complex clustering algorithm. Inspired by this idea, we developed a protein domain decomposition method based on diffusion kernels on protein graphs. We examined all combinations of four graph node kernels and two clustering algorithms to investigate their capability to decompose protein structures. The proposed method is tested on five of the most commonly used benchmark datasets for protein domain assignment plus a comprehensive non-redundant dataset. The results show a competitive performance of the method utilizing one of the diffusion kernels compared to four of the best automatic methods. Our method is also able to offer alternative partitionings for the same structure which is in line with the subjective definition of protein domain. With a competitive accuracy and balanced performance for the simple and complex structures despite relying on a relatively naive criterion to choose optimal decomposition, the proposed method revealed that diffusion kernels on graphs in particular, and kernel functions in general are promising measures to facilitate parsing proteins into domains and performing different structural analysis on proteins. The size and interconnectedness of the protein graphs make them promising targets for diffusion kernels as measures of affinity between amino acids. The versatility of our method allows the implementation of future kernels with higher performance. The source code of the proposed method is accessible athttps://github.com/taherimo/kludo. Also, the proposed method is available as a web application fromhttps://cbph.ir/tools/kludo.