bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Asymmetric Hygroscopic Structure for Moisture‐Driven Hygro‐Ionic Electricity Generation and Storage
Authors: Zhang Yaoxin , Guo Shuai , Yu Zhi Gen , Qu Hao , Sun Wanxin , Yang Jiachen , Suresh Lakshmi , Zhang Xueping , Koh J. Justin , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe interactions between moisture and materials give rise to the possibility of moisture‐driven energy generation (MEG). Current MEG materials and devices only establish this interaction during water sorption in specific configurations, and conversion is eventually ceased by saturated water uptake. This paper reports an asymmetric hygroscopic structure (AHS) that simultaneously achieves energy harvesting and storage from moisture absorption. The AHS is constructed by the asymmetric deposition of a hygroscopic ionic hydrogel over a layer of functionalized carbon. Water absorbed from the air creates wet‐dry asymmetry across the AHS and hence an in‐plane electric field. The asymmetry can be perpetually maintained even after saturated water absorption. The absorbed water triggers the spontaneous development of an electrical double layer (EDL) over the carbon surface, which is termed a hygro‐ionic process, accounting for the capacitive properties of the AHS. A peak power density of 70 µW cm‐3 was realized after geometry optimization. The AHS shows the ability to be recharged either by itself owing to a self‐regeneration effect or via external electrical means, which allows it to serve as an energy storage device. In addition to insights into moisture‐material interaction, AHSs further shows potential for electronics powering in assembled devices.
High‐Energy and Stable Subfreezing Aqueous Zn–MnO2 Batteries with Selective and Pseudocapacitive Zn‐Ion Insertion in MnO2
Authors: Gao Siyuan , Li Bomin , Tan Haiyan , Xia Fan , Dahunsi Olusola , Xu Wenqian , Liu Yuzi , Wang Rongyue , Cheng Yingwen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne major challenge of aqueous Zn–MnO2 batteries for practical applications is their unacceptable performance below freezing temperatures. Here the use of simple Zn(ClO4)2 aqueous electrolytes is described for all‐weather Zn–MnO2 batteries even down to −60 °C. The symmetric, bulky ClO4− anion effectively disrupts hydrogen bonds between water molecules and provides intrinsic ion diffusion even while frozen, and enables ≈260 mAh g−1 on MnO2 cathodes at −30 °C . It is identified that subfreezing cycling shifts the reaction mechanism on the MnO2 cathode from unstable H+ insertion to predominantly pseudocapacitive Zn2+ insertion, which converts MnO2 nanofibers into complicated zincated MnOx that are largely disordered and appeared as crumpled paper sheets. The Zn2+ insertion at −30 °C is faster and much more stable than at 20 °C, and delivers ≈80% capacity retention for 1000 cycles without Mn2+ additives. In addition, simple Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte also enables a nearly fully reversible and dendrite‐free Zn anode at −30 °C with ≈98% Coulombic efficiency. Zn–MnO2 prototypes with an experimentally verified unit energy density of 148 Wh kg−1 at a negative‐to‐positive ratio of 1.5 and an electrolyte‐to‐capacity ratio of 2.0 are further demonstrated.
Coordination‐Driven Terpyridine‐Based Twisted Prisms with Tunable Emissions and Hierarchical Self‐Assembly Properties
Authors: Zeng Yunting , Jiang Xin , Yu Hao , Cao Yan , Lai Ziwei , Shi Junjuan , Wang Ming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTunable fluorescence emission materials play a critical role in many fields such as biology and chemistry. With respect to metallo‐supramolecular assemblies, the construction of 3D tunable‐fluorescent supramolecular assemblies with 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine (tpy) is still in its infancy. In this study, two luminous 3D supramolecular prisms self‐assembled with two terpyridine‐based tetraphenylethylene (TPE) ligands and metal Zn(II) are prepared, and the influence of hydrophobic alkyl chains on tunable fluorescence is further explored. By exploiting hydrophobic properties, the prism SA exhibits tunable visible‐light emission in the molecular‐aggregated state. Moreover, SA forms left‐hand and right‐hand helical nanofibers by hierarchical self‐assembly. However, the prism SB without hydrophobic chains does not exhibit tunable fluorescence emission, and only random spherical aggregates after hierarchical self‐assembly are formed. This study can aid to further strengthen the understanding about the effect of hydrophobic segments on photophysical properties and hierarchical self‐assembly of discrete supramolecular architectures.
Li+/Al3+ Composite Solid Electrolyte Based Electro‐Thermal Dual Responsive Devices with Optimized Optical Contrast and Cycle Durability
Authors: Jia Hanxiang , Ji Xiaowei , Shao Zewei , Li Zhongshao , Huang Aibin , Wen Zhaoyin , Gu Sui , Jin Ping , Cao Xun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe limited optical contrast and band adjustment range are the main factors that restrict chromic materials. In this study, Li+/Al3+ composite solid electrolyte is incorporated between VO2 and WO3 chromic functional layers to construct a new type of VO2 based electrothermal dual responsive devices. The dual responsive devices deliver optical contrast over 50% and independent modulation of visible and near infrared band. In addition to displaying four reversible optical states in response to environmental temperature and external voltage, the devices effectively utilize the synergistic effect of Li+/Al3+ hybrid ions. Furthermore, the optimized Li+/Al3+ composite electrolyte is proved to effectively control phase transition of VO2 and significantly improve the electrochromic properties of WO3 as well. Finally, the electro‐thermal dual responsive devices show excellent service stability in simulated outdoor environment of over 10 000 cycles. Combined with the above advantages, it is expected to develop smart windows and derivative products with large size, long life, remarkable energy saving effect and pleasant comfort.
Remote Alkenylation via Carbopalladation/1,4‐Palladium Migration/Heck Reaction Sequence with Unactivated Alkenyl Alcohols
Authors: Chen Su , Van der Eycken Erik V. , Sharma Upendra K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntramolecular C−H bond activation via 1,4‐palladium migration has become a synthetic tool to enable remote functionalization of C−H bonds. In this work, we report a Pd‐catalyzed remote alkenylation with unactivated alkenyl alcohols involving a 1,4‐palladium migration step. This method provides a regioselective access to synthesize substituted unsaturated alcohols in a single operational step.magnified image
Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated Cellulose Acetate Filter Evaporators for Highly Efficient Water Evaporation and Purification Driven by Solar Energy and Environmental Energy
Authors: Yu Ming‐Yuan , Li Changjun , Li Wei , Min Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThough solar energy‐driven steam generation is promising for cleaning water, the water evaporation efficiency has to be enhanced further. Herein, 3D reduced graphene oxide (RGO) decorated cellulose acetate filter (RGF) evaporators are fabricated by immersing the porous cellulose acetate filters (CFs) in a suspension of graphene oxide, followed by drying and chemical reduction for efficient solar steam generation. The RGO sheets can absorb solar light and convert solar energy to thermal energy, while the hydrophilic and porous CFs with lots of vertical channels are responsible for transporting water to the top evaporation surfaces and accommodating the RGO sheets. In addition to gaining thermal energy from direct solar energy absorption and conversion, the sidewall of the RGF evaporator can also gain additional thermal energy from the surrounding environment as long as the sidewall temperature of the RGF evaporator is lower than the surrounding environment temperature as a result of the cooling effect of the evaporation. Driven by both solar energy and environmental energy, the RGF evaporator achieves a high water generation rate of ≈2.81 kg m−2 h−1 with an energy conversion efficiency of ≈130.2%, and high efficiencies in cleaning seawater and wastewater are also demonstrated.
Pitfalls of X‐chromosome inactivation testing in females with Fabry disease
Authors: Řeboun Martin , Sikora Jakub , Magner Martin , Wiederlechnerová Helena , Černá Alena , Poupětová Helena , Štorkánova Gabriela , Mušálková Dita , Dostálová Gabriela , Goláň Lubor , Linhart Aleš , Dvořáková Lenka 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in theGLAgene encoding alpha‐galactosidase A (AGAL). The impact of X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI) on the phenotype of female FD patients remains unclear. In this study we aimed to determine pitfalls of XCI testing in a cohort of 35 female FD patients. XCI was assessed by two methylation‐based and two allele‐specific expression assays. The results correlated, although some variance among the four assays was observed.GLAtranscript analyses identified crossing‐over in three patients and detected mRNA instability in three out of four analyzed null alleles. AGAL activity correlated with XCI pattern and was not influenced by the mutation type or by reduced mRNA stability. Therefore, AGAL activity may help to detect crossing‐over in patients with unstableGLAalleles. Tissue‐specific XCI patterns in six patients, and age‐related changes in two patients were observed. To avoid misinterpretation of XCI results in female FD patients we show that (i) a combination of several XCI assays generates more reliable results and minimizes possible biases; (ii) correlating XCI toGLAexpression and AGAL activity facilitates identification of cross‐over events; (iii) age‐ and tissue‐related XCI specificities of XCI patterning should be considered.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on medical genetics and genomics training: Perspective from clinical trainees
Authors: Chenbhanich Jirat , Slavotinek Anne , Tam Allison 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe sought to understand how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has affected the well‐being, clinical training, and medical education for clinical trainees in medical genetics and genomics residency and fellowship programs. All clinical genetics trainees in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)‐accredited training programs were invited to complete a survey. 31 out of 174 trainees completed the survey. With regards to well‐being, 18 trainees reported increased anxiety, 10 had increased depression, 3 increased financial strain, 13 worsening work‐life balance, and 13 worsening physical health. There was increased telehealth utilization in both outpatient (3% before the pandemic vs. 67% during the pandemic) and inpatient clinical encounters (0% vs. 29%). The most commonly reported challenges in telehealth use were inadequate physical examination and technical problems during visits. Twenty trainees believed that the pandemic has negatively impacted overall clinical training while none reported a positive impact. We concluded that the COVID‐19 pandemic has negatively impacted most clinical genetics trainees in ACGME‐accredited training programs. Telehealth has been increasingly used with some challenges. Further studies are needed on how to optimally integrate what we have learned into the training of medical genetics and genomics in the post‐pandemic era.
Defining the mild variant of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (SLC35C1‐congenital disorder of glycosylation) and response to l‐fucose therapy: Insights from two new families and review of the literature
Authors: Tahata Shawn , Raymond Kimiyo , Quade Marie , Barnes Sara , Boyer Suzanne , League Stacy , Kumanovics Attila , Abraham Roshini , Jacob Eapen , Menon Prem , Morava Eva 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLeukocyte adhesion deficiency type II (LAD II, also known as SLC35C1‐congenital disorder of glycosylation) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth and cognitive impairment, peripheral neutrophilia, recurrent infections, and the Bombay blood phenotype. A subset of patients with a milder presentation has been described with short stature and developmental delay but minimal immune and hematologic features. Some patients with LAD II benefit from oral fucose therapy, though this has not been previously studied in patients with milder disease. In this study, we describe two new patients from separate families with the milder variant of LAD II and review the published literature on this rare disorder. We demonstrate improvement in speech and cognition, CD15 expression, and core fucosylation of serum glycoproteins after 27 months of oral fucose supplementation in one patient. These patients further support the stratification of this disorder into distinct subtypes, a classical severe and an attenuated variant, and provide preliminary evidence of benefit of fucose therapy in the latter group.
Synthesis of 3,6‐Disubstituted 4‐Ethoxycarbonylpyranoindol‐1‐ones Utilizing 3‐Amino‐2‐pyrone Synthesis
Authors: Fukuoka Kota , Imai Katsutoshi , Hirano Kotaro , Goto Shinsuke , Miura Ryoya , Hachiya Iwao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSynthesis of 3,6‐disubstituted 4‐ethoxycarbonylpyranoindol‐1‐ones is developed using palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular amination of 3‐amino‐4‐(2‐bromophenyl)‐2‐pyrones prepared by the conjugate addition reaction of diethyl 2‐aminomalonate to alkynyl ketones. The transformation of the synthesized 3‐amino‐4‐(2‐bromophenyl)‐2‐pyrones via palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular amination afforded 3,6‐disubstituted 4‐ethoxycarbonylpyranoindol‐1‐ones.
Enhanced anti‐aging and anti‐corrosion performance of waterborne epoxy coating layers over the dual effects of g‐C3N4 photocatalysis
Authors: Ma Yongning , Chen Rong , Fei Guiqiang , Guo Mingyuan , Li Yanyu , Duan Yihao , Wu Xiaojing , Wang Haihua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo overcome the drawbacks of waterborne epoxy (WEP) films, various fillers were employed to eliminate the microcracks and microporous in the coating layers. Here, photocatalysis (g‐C3N4) was incorporated into WEP coating to achieve improved long‐term anti‐aging and anti‐corrosion performance via dual effects, including barrier effects through the formation of dense and uniform composite film as well as the photocatalytic effects. The chemical structure, chemical states, photoabsorption properties, and morphology of g‐C3N4/WEP films were analyzed. Effects of g‐C3N4 content on the mechanical properties, water resistance, anti‐corrosion behaviors, anti‐permeation property, and photocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4/WEP (x‐CN/WEP) composites were investigated by salt spray test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and RhB degradation experiments. 2‐CN/WEP coating with the addition of 2% g‐C3N4 displayed the optimum mechanical property, water resistance, anti‐permeation, anti‐corrosion, and anti‐aging performance. The anti‐corrosion mechanisms of x‐CN/WEP composite coating were also summarized, which consists in the formation of chemical bonds between g‐C3N4 and WEP, uniform distribution of g‐C3N4 in WEP, and the photocatalytic performance of g‐C3N4.
Defining the role of linoleic acid in acrylic bone cement
Authors: Ayyachi Thayanithi , Pappalardo Daniela , Finne‐Wistrand Anna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolymethylmethacrylate is clinically used as a bone cement in various orthopedic and trauma surgeries. Post the surgery, such conventional acrylic bone cement has been reported to cause adjacent vertebral fractures; modifying it by adding linoleic acid in the formulation has shown potential in averting such fractures thanks to bone‐compliant mechanical properties, besides providing convenient handling properties. Although the resulting properties are attractive, the understanding of how linoleic acid imparts such advantageous properties remain unclear. Linoleic acid is typically sterilized in an autoclave before being used in the bone cement formulation; however, there are apprehensions whether the sterilization causes degradation. In this research, sterilized and unsterilized linoleic acid were evaluated alone and with different components of bone cement, such as activator, initiator, monomer, and inhibitor, and the ensuing structural changes in linoleic acid were monitored through 1H NMR and UV–Vis. The results reveal that linoleic acid degrade due to sterilization. In addition, evidence for reactions of sterilized/unsterilized linoleic acid with activator and initiator have been collected. We hypothesize that these reactions can reduce the availability of the components for the in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer and cause the improvement in handling properties and decrease in mechanical properties.
A cigar in the left hand, a paintbrush in the right: Illustration and the anatomical sciences
Authors: Ferrigno Christopher , Smith Heather F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe anatomical sciences heavily rely on art and illustration to convey form, depth, and relationship within living structures. Today, biomedical illustrators carry forward traditions from 16th century artists through the likes of 20th century champions such as Frank Netter to help educators and researchers convey their messages to their listening, and more importantly, viewing audiences. Biomedical illustration programs are a valuable resource for academics to package their research as published figures, including graphical abstracts, in scientific journals. Here, we describe an innovative art‐science collaboration among The Anatomical Record, the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at Rush University, and the Master's Program in Biomedical Visualization at University of Illinois at Chicago, whose students were invited to create and submit scientific illustrations for consideration as cover art for the journal.
Construction of a Reduction‐responsive DNA Microsphere using a Reduction‐cleavable Spacer based on a Nitrobenzene Scaffold
Authors: Higashi Sayuri L. , Isogami Ayaka , Takahashi Junko , Shibata Aya , Hirosawa Koichiro M. , Suzuki Kenichi G. N. , Sawada Shunsuke , Tsukiji Shinya , Matsuura Kazunori , Ikeda Masato 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, we describe the design and synthesis of a new reduction‐cleavable spacer (RCS) based on a nitrobenzene scaffold for constructing reduction‐responsive oligonucleotides according to standard phosphoramidite chemistry. In addition, we demonstrate that the introduction of the RCS in the middle of an oligonucleotide (30 nt) enables the construction of a self‐assembled microsphere capable of exhibiting a reduction‐responsive disassembly.
Utility of NaMoO3F as a Precursor for Homogeneous Distribution of Cobalt Dopants in Molybdenum Oxynitrides
Authors: Asakura Yusuke , Hasegawa Takuya , Yin Shu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMolybdenum nitrides and their related compounds have been focused as a catalyst for several reactions. Although the doping into molybdenum nitrides lead to the higher catalytic activity, the simultaneous control of the morphology, the crystallinity, and the dopant state in doped MoN cannot be easily achieved due to the limitation of the synthesis method. In this study, one of the mixed anion compounds, NaMoO3F was used as a precursor for molybdenum oxynitrides with hexagonal MoN phase. This route led to the homogeneous distribution of cobalt in the molybdenum oxynitride compared with that obtained by the other method. The cobalt‐doped molybdenum oxynitride from NaMoO3F exhibited high oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activity due to the high distribution of cobalt in the crystal. This paper proposes that the mixed anion compounds can be a unique precursor for the other materials to expand the controllability of materials toward improvement of their activity.
Anomalous Chiral Transfer: Supramolecular Polymerization in a Chiral Medium of a Mesogenic Molecule
Authors: Zhang Xu‐Jie , Morishita Daiki , Aoki Tsubasa , Itoh Yoshimitsu , Yano Keiichi , Araoka Fumito , Aida Takuzo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, we report a medium‐to‐polymer anomalous chiral transfer in the supramolecular polymerization of a tetraphenylporphyrin‐based achiral hydrogen‐bonding monomer (TPP) in a chiral medium of 5‐cyanobiphenyl CB*. A mixture of TPP in (R)‐CB* ([TPP]=7.7 mol %) at 40 °C gave a columnar oblique LC mesophase, where the individual columns were composed of an optically active helical supramolecular polymer of TPP as a consequence of a successful medium‐to‐polymer chiral transfer. Meanwhile, upon dilution of CB* with achiral 5‐cyanobiphenyl CB, the optical activity of the system showed an anomalous bell‐shaped dependency on the composition of CB*/CB, where the gabs value of 0.049 at CB*/CB=50/50 was 6.0 times larger than the gabs value of CB* alone. Such anomalous chiroptical amplification in CD is most likely due to a change in the stacking geometry of TPP in the oblique columnar LC upon lateral compression.
How teachers understand and strategize about emerging conflicts
Authors: Larsson Kristoffer , Hakvoort Ilse , Lundström Agneta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article concerns what have been variously called mild misbehaviours, minor distractions or emerging conflicts, i.e. situations of mild tension between the teacher and pupils in the classroom. The article responds to calls for further studies on the link between how teachers understand these emerging conflicts and the strategies they suggest to handle them. We carried out two studies on primary school teachers in Sweden, using a qualitatively driven mixed‐method design, i.e. the studies were carried out sequentially using different qualitative methods. The first study, the main study, based on individual interviews with 20 teachers, used a phenomenographic approach, capturing these teachers’ different understandings of emerging conflict. The second study, the supplemental study, based on six group interviews with 18 teachers, built on the main study and used a hermeneutic approach, capturing how these teachers link a certain understanding of emerging conflicts to certain themes of suggested strategies. By utilizing this design, we were able to investigate the aforementioned link and build a model of nine different understandings, each linked to one to four strategy themes. Altogether, 22 different strategy themes, together encompassing a multitude of separate strategies, were recognized and linked to the nine different understandings. The results suggest that teachers have a more divergent and nuanced understanding of emerging conflicts, and how to handle them, than earlier studies of this link have reported. The results give valuable insights into developing more accurate quantitative surveys as well as more suitable teacher training programmes.