bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of logistic regression to explain internet use among older adults: a review of the empirical literature
Authors: Leukel Joerg , Özbek Gülistan , Sugumaran Vijayan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParticipation in online activities offers older adults enhanced opportunities to cope with age-related limitations and live a socially connected life. For investigating the factors explaining whether older adults use the internet or not, logistic regression has been used, which requires considerable care in the computation and reporting of regression models. The objective of this review is to assess the extent to which the empirical literature examining internet use among older adults (aged 55 +) addresses commonly recommended quality criteria for logistic regression analysis. We carried out a systematic search in Scopus and PubMed for English-language peer-reviewed articles reporting the application of logistic regression, published between 2010 and 2020. Thirty-six articles were eligible for inclusion. We evaluated the articles for six analytic and three documentation criteria. Every article described the selection of independent variables and their coding. Most studies had sufficient events per independent variable (83%), reported point and interval estimates of effect sizes (81%), and stated the fitting procedure used (81%). The reporting rates were lower for the assessment of model fit (53%), consideration of interactions (44%), and testing for conformity with linear gradient (42%) and collinearity (31%). This review provides comprehensive insights into the state of adoption of logistic regression analysis. We suggest improvements for reporting on the studies specific to older adults’ internet use, which can promote the accurate interpretation of articles and the integration of evidence from single studies.
External radiotherapy combined with sorafenib has better efficacy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Han , Wu Zhenying , Chen Jiali , Su Ke , Guo Lu , Xu Ke , Gu Tao , Jiang Yi , Wang Pan , Zeng Hao , Chi Hao , He Kun , Han Yunwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdvanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a very low resectable rate. This meta-analysis aimed to compare efficacy of three combination strategies in treatment of advanced unresectable HCC with a view of guiding future selection of the best combination therapy for sorafenib and local therapy. A search was conducted to identify relevant literature published between April 2013 and May 2022, and then compared efficacy of sorafenib combined with external radiotherapy (SOF + RT), sorafenib with transarterial chemoembolization (SOF + TACE), sorafenib with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (SOF + HAIC), sorafenib (SOF), external radiotherapy (RT), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) were studied and analyzed. Finally, the results were statistically analyzed using R 3.5.3 software and Stata/SE 15.0 software. A total of 46 studies, involving 7595 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Analysis of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of seven related treatment interventions revealed that the combination therapy had significantly higher efficacy than monotherapies. Among the combination therapies, SOF + RT was associated with the best OS and PFS rates, and the least adverse events compared to the other treatment modalities. The efficacy of combination therapy was better than monotherapy. In combination therapy, the overall survival time and progression-free survival time of SOF + RT were longer, and the adverse reactions were less. Therefore, SOF + RT may be the best choice for sorafenib combined with local therapy.
Towards a lightweight framework for service management evaluation in SMEs
Authors: Feversani Daniela Patricia , De Castro Valeria , Marcos Esperanza , Piattini Mario G. , Martín-Peña María Luz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSmall and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are currently immersed in Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity (VUCA) environments and need to adapt and innovate both their services and their management practices and processes. Unfortunately, models and standards for service management are focused on large organisations, therefore, their application in SMEs is expensive and, generally, unfeasible. In order to contribute to the sustained success and development of SMEs, this paper presents a framework for service management evaluation. The objective of this framework, which is based on international standards and the main models for service management, is to be a roadmap containing well-defined and formalised processes that helps SMEs to improve the quality of their customer services. The proposal is validated in this work by means of its application to a real case study.
BCGen: a comment generation method for bytecode
Authors: Huang Yuan , Huang Jinbo , Chen Xiangping , He Kunning , Zhou Xiaocong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBytecode is a form of instruction set designed for efficient execution by a software interpreter. Unlike human-readable source code, bytecode is even harder to understand for programmers and researchers. Bytecode has been widely used in various software tasks such as malware detection and clone detection. In order to understand the meaning of the bytecode more quickly and accurately and further help programmers in more software activities, we propose a bytecode comment generation method (called BCGen) using neural language model. Specifically, to get the structured information of the bytecode, we first generate the control flow graph (CFG) of the bytecode, and serialize the CFG with bytecode semantic information. Then a transformer model combining gate recurrent unit is proposed to learn the features of bytecode to generate comments. We obtain the bytecode by building the Jar packages of the well-known open-source projects in the Maven repository and construct a bytecode dataset to train and evaluate our model. Experimental results show that the BLEU of BCGen can reach 0.26, which outperforms several baselines and proves the effectiveness and practicability of our method. It is concluded that it is possible to generate natural language comments directly from the bytecode. Meanwhile, it is important to take structured and semantic information into account in generating bytecode comments.
Environmental monitoring for invasive fungal pathogens of ʽŌhiʽa (Metrosideros polymorpha) on the Island of Hawaiʽi
Authors: Atkinson Carter T. , Roy Kylle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe invasive rust Austropuccina psidii was detected in the Hawaiian Islands in 2005 and has become widely established throughout the archipelago in both native and introduced species of Myrtaceae. Initial predictions about the impacts of the fungus on native ʽōhiʽa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha), a keystone native tree, have not materialized, but there is ongoing concern that introductions of new genotypes of the fungus could lead to widespread mortality with catastrophic effects on native ecosystems. By contrast, two recently emergent Ascomycete pathogens, Ceratocystis lukuohia (Ceratocystis wilt of ‘ōhi‘a) and C. huliohia (Ceratocystis canker of ‘ōhi‘a), collectively known to cause Rapid ʽŌhiʽa Death (ROD), are causing significant mortality in native forests on Hawaiʻi and Kauaʻi Islands, but pathways of spread are still incompletely understood. We used a network of passive environmental samplers for collecting windblown urediniospores of Austropuccina to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental monitoring to detect seasonal and landscape-scale differences in airborne propagules of this rust on Hawai`i Island. The samplers were also used to determine if windborn ambrosia beetle frass or spores of Ceratocystis can spread long distances. We found frequent detections and regional and seasonal differences in numbers of samplers that were positive for urediniospores of Austropuccinia, but little evidence of long-distance airborne dispersal of the ROD-causing fungi. The simple, inexpensive platform for sampling airborne fungal spores that we used may have value as a monitoring tool for detecting spread of airborne fungal pathogens, evaluating habitats for suitability for restoration efforts, and for detecting new pathogen introductions, particularly new Austropuccinia genotypes both in Hawaiʻi and other parts of the world.
Review, role of lactoferrin in preventing preterm delivery
Authors: Otsuki Katsufumi , Nishi Takshi , Kondo Tetsuro , Okubo Kazutoshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrevention of preterm birth (PTB) is a global challenge and is one of the most important issues to be addressed in perinatal care. The hypothesis that ascending lower genital infection leads to PTB has been tested in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies. For patients with intractable vaginitis or high-risk patients with successive PTBs, mainly due to intra-uterine infection, the vaginal flora is enhanced to increase systemic immunity and locally propagateLactobacillusspecies. It has been shown that the administration of lactoferrin (LF), a prebiotic with minimum side effects, may be effective in suppressing PTB. This hypothesis has been evaluated in this review using various relevant test examples. The findings suggest that LF may play a role in inflammatory protection in pregnant human cervical tissue. The antibacterial and anti-cytokine effects of LF in human-derived mucus-producing cervical cell lines were also demonstrated. It was also clarified that LF suppresses PTB and improves the prognosis of pups in inflammation-induced PTB animal models. Thus, we have identified that LF, a prebiotic contained in breast milk, can be clinically applied to suppress PTB in humans and to prevent PTBs in high-risk pregnancies.
Recognition
Authors: Dietz Christina H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper offers an account of recognition and its relation to knowledge. One important observation is that while ‘know’ is a stative verb, ‘recognize’ is an achievement verb. A second is that ‘recognize’ is knowledge entailing, both when combined with a complementizer phrase and when combined with a noun phrase. The behavior of the latter kind of construction is particularly subtle and is the main focus of this paper. This paper ends with an interesting puzzle about object recognition.
Improving inpatient and daycare admission estimates with gravity models
Authors: Latruwe Timo , Van der Wee Marlies , Vanleenhove Pieter , Michielsen Kwinten , Verbrugge Sofie , Colle Didier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrowing healthcare costs have been accompanied by increased policymakers’ interest in the efficiency of healthcare systems. Network formation by hospitals as a vehicle for consolidation and achieving economies of scale has emerged as an important topic of conversation among academics and practitioners. Within networks, consolidation of particular specialties or entire campuses is expected and encouraged to take place. This paper describes the main findings of an effort to build gravity-type models to describe patient choices in inpatient and daycare hospital facilities. It analyzes the distance decay effects as a function of car travel times and great-circle distance, and it offers a method for inclusion of university hospitals. Additionally, it reviews the impact of driving and transit accessibility on hospital attraction and reviews the differences in distance decay for patient age groups and hospitalization types. In the described application, the best models achieve a Mean Absolute Percentage Error of around 10% in non-metropolitan areas, and 14.5% across different region types. Results in metropolitan areas suggest that latent factors unrelated to proximity and size have a significant role in determining hospital choices. Furthermore, the effects of relative driving and transit accessibility are found to be small or non-existent.
Teaching Early Mathematical Skills to 3- to 7-Year-Old Children — Differences Related to Mathematical Skill Category, Children’s Age Group and Teachers’ Characteristics
Authors: Parviainen Piia , Eklund Kenneth , Koivula Merja , Liinamaa Tarja , Rutanen Niina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study explored teaching early mathematical skills to 3- to 7-year-old children in early childhood education and care (ECEC) and pre-primary education. Teachers in ECEC (N = 206) answered a web survey. The first aim was to determine whether teaching frequency or pedagogical awareness of teaching early mathematical skills varied according to the category of skills (numerical skills, spatial thinking skills and mathematical thinking and reasoning skills) and whether children’s age group moderated these differences. The second aim was to explore to what extent teacher-related characteristics and children’s age group explained variations in teaching frequency concerning early mathematical skills. Results from repeated MANOVAs demonstrated that the frequency and pedagogical awareness of teaching early mathematical skills depended on the skill category and that children’s age group moderated these differences. In 5- to 6-year-olds and 6- to 7-year-olds, numerical skills were taught more often than spatial thinking skills, whereas in 3- to 5-year-olds, they were taught as frequently. In all age groups, mathematical thinking and reasoning skills were taught the least. Pedagogical awareness was lowest in teaching spatial thinking skills in all age groups, but only in 6- to 7-year-olds was teachers’ pedagogical awareness in teaching numerical skills higher than in the two other categories. According to a univariate analysis of variance, pedagogical awareness and mathematics professional development programmes were strongly associated with teaching frequency in all skill categories. The results emphasise that children’s opportunities to learn early mathematical skills depend on teachers’ characteristics.
Image-based analysis and quantification of biofouling in cultures of the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis
Authors: Dishon Gal , Resetarits Hannah M. , Tsai Brandon , Black Kyra , Grossmann Jenny , Smith Jennifer E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMethane is an extremely potent yet short-lived greenhouse gas and is thus recognized as a promising target for rapid climate change mitigation. About 35% of anthropogenic methane emissions are associated with livestock production, and most of these emissions are the outcome of enteric fermentation in ruminant animals. The red seaweed Asparagopsis is currently considered the most efficient feed additive to suppress methane emissions from enteric fermentation but is not currently available on commercial scale. The ongoing effort to successfully commercialize Asparagopsis requires the development of pest control frameworks which rely on the quantitative assessment of biological contamination in cultures. Here we present a low-cost readily available approach for quantifying biofouling in Asparagopsis taxiformis cultures based on microscopic examination and automated image analysis. The proposed methodology is demonstrated to estimate contamination associated with Asparagopsis biomass with error rates lower than 2% over a wide range of contamination levels and contaminating organisms, while significantly cutting down image processing time and allowing for frequent contamination quantification.
The unheeded existence of the tubular greens: molecular analyses reveal the distribution of a new Ulva species (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta), Ulva capillata sp. nov. in the Atlantic-Baltic Sea transect
Authors: Steinhagen Sophie , Kramár Louise , Toth Gunilla B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ubiquitous and species rich genusUlvacomprises entities of green macroalgae with variable morphologies.Ulvaspecies are important from ecological and economic perspectives, but their identification is often problematic. Current knowledge onUlvadiversity has focused mainly on foliose individuals of temperate regions, but genetic and morphological data on tubular species are often insufficient and the species richness is ambiguous due to the lack of molecularly identified type vouchers. Together with a previous study, our study demonstrates that due to the crypticity of tubular entities of the genusUlvapresent in the Atlantic-Baltic Sea transect, certain species remained undetected until recently whereas molecular evidence of other historically identified species is missing. An entity which appears to be a relatively frequent species in the Atlantic-Baltic Sea transect and which was probably mis-identified with other species in the past is here described asUlva capillatasp. nov.. The description is based on molecular identification usingtufA andrbcLsequences, and by comparing the species´ phylogenetic relationships, distribution and range margins in the Atlantic-Baltic Sea transect, as well as on morpho-anatomical characters, and early ontogenetic development. By comparisons with closely related and potentially morphologically overlapping species concepts we were able to identify the uniqueness ofU. capillata. Therefore, the description ofU. capillataas a new species within the genusUlvais supported by a combination of molecular, morphological, and ontogentic evidence which confirm their uniqueness in comparison to other species concepts.Furthermore, our results strongly emphasize the importance and necessity to molecularly investigate especially tubular historic type vouchers within the genusUlvato facilitate a clear species identification to omit continuing with taxonomic confusion and ongoing misapplication of names of e.g. cryptic species concepts within this important green algal genus.
Impact of Genetic Diagnosis on the Outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
Authors: Forlanini Federica , Chan Alice , Dara Jasmeen , Dvorak Christopher C. , Cowan Morton J. , Puck Jennifer M. , Dorsey Morna J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the relationship between knowledge of genetic diagnosis before HSCT and outcome, we reviewed all HSCTs for primary immune deficiencies (PID) performed at UCSF from 2007 through 2018. SCID, a distinct entity identified since 2010 in California by newborn screening and treated early, was considered separately. The underlying genetic condition was known at the time of HSCT in 85% of cases. Graft failure was less frequent in patients with a genetic diagnosis (19% with a genetic diagnosis versus 47% without, p = 0.020). Furthermore, event-free survival and overall survival (OS) at 5 years were better for those with a genetic diagnosis (78% with versus 44% without, p = 0.006; and 93% versus 60% without, p = 0.0002, respectively). OS at 5 years was superior for known-genotype patients with both SCID (p = 0.010) and non-SCID PID (p = 0.010). There was no difference in OS between HSCT done in 2007–2010 compared to more recently (p = 0.19). These data suggest that outcomes of HSCT for PID with known genotype may reflect specific experience and literature, or that a substantial proportion of patients with PID of undetermined genotype may have had underlying conditions for which HSCT may carry greater risk. The higher rate of graft failure in PID with unknown genotype may be in part explained by insufficient conditioning, which in turn could be dictated by compromised organ function in patients undergoing HSCT late in the course. Widespread availability of PID gene sequencing as standard care can provide genetic diagnoses for most patients with PID prior to HSCT, permitting optimization of transplant approach.
Rhamnetin ameliorates non-alcoholic steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Shatta Mahmoud A. , El-Derany Marwa O. , Gibriel Abdullah A. , El-Mesallamy Hala O. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is a widespread disease with various complications including Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that could lead to cirrhosis and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Up till now there is no FDA approved drug for treatment of NAFLD. Flavonoids such as Rhamnetin (Rhm) have been ascribed effective anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Thus, Rhm as a potent flavonoid could target multiple pathological cascades causing NAFLD to prevent its progression into HCC. NAFLD is a multifactorial disease and its pathophysiology is complex and is currently challenged by the ‘Multiple-hit hypothesis’ that includes wider range of comorbidities rather than previously established theory of ‘Two-hit hypothesis’. Herein, we aimed at establishing reliable in vitro NASH models using different mixtures of variable ratios and concentrations of oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) combinations using HepG2 cell lines. Moreover, we compared those models in the context of oil red staining, triglyceride levels and their altered downstream molecular signatures for genes involved in de novo lipogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptotic machineries as well. Lastly, the effect of Rhm on NASH and HCC models was deeply investigated. Over the 10 NASH models tested, PA 500 µM concentration was the best model to mimic the molecular events of steatosis induced NAFLD. Rhm successfully ameliorated the dysregulated molecular events caused by the PA-induced NASH. Additionally, Rhm regulated inflammatory and oxidative machinery in the HepG2 cancerous cell lines. In conclusion, PA 500 µM concentration is considered an effective in vitro model to mimic NASH. Rhm could be used as a promising therapeutic modality against both NASH and HCC pathogenesis.
ERG11 Gene Variability and Azole Susceptibility in Malassezia pachydermatis
Authors: Díaz Leyna , Castellá Gemma , Bragulat M. Rosa , Cabañes F. Javier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMalassezia pachydermatis is part of the normal skin microbiota of various animal species but under certain circumstances becomes an opportunistic pathogen producing otitis and dermatitis. Commonly these Malassezia diseases are effectively treated using azoles. However, some cases of treatment failure have been reported. Alterations in the ERG11 gene have been associated with in vitro azole resistance in M. pachydermatis. In the present study, in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 89 different strains of M. pachydermatis isolated from different animal species and health status was studied. The susceptibility to fluconazole (FLZ), itraconazole (ITZ), ketoconazole and amphotericin B was tested by a disk diffusion method and 17 strains were also subjected to an ITZ E-test. Mueller–Hinton supplemented with 2% glucose and methylene blue was used as culture medium in both susceptibility assays. Multilocus sequence typing was performed in 30 selected strains using D1D2, ITS, CHS2 and β-tubulin genes. Also, ERG11 gene was sequenced. The four antifungals tested were highly effective against most of the strains. Only two strains showed no inhibition zone to antifungals and a strain showed an increased MIC to ITZ. The study of the ERG11 sequences revealed a high diversity of DNA sequences and a total of 23 amino acid substitutions, from which only two have been previously described. Also, three deleterious substitutions (A302T, G459D and G461D) previously associated with azole resistance in this yeast were recovered. A correlation between certain genotypes and ERG11 mutations was observed. Some of the ERG11 mutations recovered were correlated with a reduced susceptibility to azoles.