bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on membrane technology application for vegetable oil purification processes
Authors: Shihab Jenan M. , Rashid Khalid T. , Toma M. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn current paper, a comprehensive review to contribute the present insight an implementations and the recent improvements through the diverse endeavor made by the researchers utilizing a membrane technique for degumming, deacidifying, dewaxing and discoloration edible vegetable oils with and without solvent availability and also the solvent recovery has been evaluated. Endeavors made with NF, UF, MF and non-porous membranes, have shown the capability of these membranes to predicate vegetable oil treatment. A membrane technique is noticeably simple and potentially provides many usefulness in vegetable oil purification. It appears that oils treatment with membranes, which carried out at low temperatures that provides saving energy, with real cancellation of stages, provides a promising alternate to conventional procedure, towards the accomplishment of eco-friendly and cost-effective operations that are technically sophisticated. Generally, the solvent (hexane-dilution) technique enhances the membrane oil flux. For dewaxing undiluted vegetable oils, the effective membrane was MF, whereas in dewaxing solvent-diluted oils process UF membranes were more energetic.
Disquiet concerning cesarean birth
Authors: Cohen Wayne R. , Robson Michael S. , Bedrick Alan D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cesarean birth has increased substantially in many parts of the world over recent decades and concerns have been raised about the propriety of this change in obstetric practice. Sometimes, a cesarean is necessary to preserve fetal and maternal health. But in balancing the risks of surgical intervention the implicit assumption has been that cesarean birth is an equivalent alternative to vaginal birth from the standpoint of the immediate and long-term health of the fetus and neonate. Increasingly, we realize this is not necessarily so. Delivery mode per se may influence short-term and abiding problems with homeostasis in offspring, quite independent of the indications for the delivery and other potentially confounding factors. The probability of developing various disorders, including respiratory compromise, obesity, immune dysfunction, and neurobehavioral disorders has been shown in some studies to be higher among individuals born by cesarean. Moreover, many of these adverse effects are not confined to the neonatal period and may develop over many years. Although the associations between delivery mode and long-term health are persuasive, their pathogenesis and causality remain uncertain. Full exploration and a clear understanding of these relationships is of great importance to the health of offspring.
The Gun and the Paperweight: Risk Control Services and Disservices
Authors: Fennell Lee Anne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Suppose a legal rule makes it negligent to have a loaded gun out in the open in a place of business. Should a defendant who violated this rule by using a loaded gun as a paperweight be liable for his client’s broken toes when the gun falls onto her foot? Problems manifesting this basic structure have occupied scholars and Restatement reporters for decades. In this essay, I reframe untaken precautions as a bundle of risk control services, each of which counteracts a particular risky element, like “shooting capacity” or “heaviness” in the case of the gun. Tort law ought to induce actors to produce all, and only, the risk control services that are worth the cost of providing. Cashing out that prescription is tricky because precautions often jointly provide multiple risk mitigation services, and more than one precaution may meet the legal standard. Nonetheless, the task becomes tractable if we examine the cost structure of precautions — and, analogizing to break-even analysis for products, identify which risk control services contribute to rather than detract from a precaution’s bottom line. The risk services framework partially redeems but also revises harm-within-the-risk and negligence per se doctrines that limit negligence liability based on the type of danger or category of victim involved in a given accident. By enabling us to assess which ostensible risk control services are really societal disservices, this approach provides a firmer basis for calibrating the scope of liability.
Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in karstic coastal area (Kaštela Bay, Adriatic Sea, Croatia) exposed to anthropogenic activities: distribution, sources, and influencing factors
Authors: Lovrenčić Mikelić Ivanka , Barišić Delko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

40K, 226Ra, 232Th, 238U, and 137Cs massic activities were determined by gamma-spectrometry in limestones, marls, stream sediments, and soils of Kaštela Bay (Adriatic Sea, Croatia) coastal area. Their distribution, sources and potential influencing factors were studied. The lowest 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 238U massic activities were determined in limestones and the highest in soils, with the following median values, respectively: 7.2, 14, 0.8, and 5.3 Bq/kg in limestones and 518, 72, 71, and 31 Bq/kg in soils. All four radionuclides were of natural origin and reflected background values of the karstic area influenced by flysch/marl and terra rossa soil. Local TENORM disposal site did not influence the study area, but it will be needed to study its potential influence on marine sediments. Strong disequilibrium between 226Ra and 238U was found in limestones s.l. and soils, but not in marls and only moderately in stream sediments. This implies that limestones are more susceptible to selective 238U leaching than marls, and soils more than stream sediments. 137Cs was the only radionuclide of anthropogenic origin, with a global source only. It was detected in stream sediments and soils with median values of 5.4 and 31 Bq/kg, respectively. 137Cs distribution was more heterogeneous in stream sediments than in soils, but soils generally presented higher activities. Soil is considered the most important reservoir of 137Cs and its potential source.
WeißeDeutungshoheit statt Objektivität: Der ‚objektive Dritte‘ und die systematische Abwertung rassismuserfahrener Perspektiven
Authors: González Hauck Sué 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag vertritt die These, dass sich hinter einer scheinbar perspektivlosen Objektivität im Recht, wie sie in der Figur des ‚objektiven Dritten‘ zum Ausdruck kommt, eine unter dem Deckmantel der Objektivität agierendeweißePerspektive verbirgt. Zur Plausibilisierung dieser These rekapituliert der Text kurz gängige Objektivitätsverständnisse, die Objektivität vor allem in Abgrenzung zu Subjektivität definieren und mit Neutralität gleichsetzen. Unter den bestehenden Kritiken an diesem Verständnis von Objektivität werden die feministischen sozialepistemologischen Theorien von Sandra Harding, Donna Haraway und Patricia Hill Collins hervorgehoben. Dass es sich bei einer nur dem Anschein nach objektiv-neutralen, tatsächlich aber partikularen Position oft um eine spezifisch weiße handelt, wird mit Bezug auf kritische Weißseinsforschung weiter erläutert. Anschließend illustrieren Beispiele aus der Rechtsprechung, die sich der Figur des objektiven Dritten bedienen, wie Objektivität als bloße Fiktion eingesetzt und damit die dahinterstehende partikulare Perspektive verschleiert wird. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick darauf, wie sich die als Objektivität nur getarnteweißeDeutungshoheit ersetzen lässt durch das Ideal der ‚starken Objektivität‘.
Entrectinib in the neoadjuvant setting of anaplastic thyroid cancer: a case report
Authors: Damásio Inês , Simões-Pereira Joana , Donato Sara , Horta Mariana , Cavaco Branca Maria , Rito Miguel , Gomes Pedro , Leite Valeriano 
Published: November 2022

Background
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive solid tumors. ATC is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages with unresectable disease and palliative care is often indicated. Recently, several patient-tailored therapies for ATC are emerging due to advances in molecular profiling of these tumors. Entrectinib is a potent oral selective inhibitor of neutrotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK), ROS1, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusions. The experience regarding ATC and other thyroid carcinomas, particularly in the neoadjuvant setting, is minimal.

Case report
We present a case of a 51-year-old female patient presenting with a bulky mass of the left thyroid lobe measuring 100 × 108 × 80 mm that was considered surgically unresectable. While waiting for next-generation sequence (NGS) profiling, lenvatinib was initiated. There was an initial clinical and imagiologic response; however, progression occurred after 12 weeks, and at this time NGS identified an ETV6-NTRK3 fusion and entrectinib was started. After 12 weeks, tumor diameters reduced to a minimum of 68×60×49 mm, and the patient underwent total thyroidectomy plus central lymphadenectomy. Histological diagnosis confirmed an ATC (pT4a R2 N1a). Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) (60 Grays) with weekly paclitaxel (45 mg/m2) was then administered followed by maintenance entrectinib 600 mg daily. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography performed 3 months after completion of RT showed only non-specific uptake in the posterior wall of the hypopharynx and larynx, suggestive of inflammation.

Conclusion
We report the first case of an ATC with a dramatic response to neoadjuvant therapy with entrectinib, which enabled surgical resection of an ab initio unresectable tumor.
Pembelajaran Kolaboratif untuk Pengajaran Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Husein Sudi Yahya , Munawaroh Roudhotul Jannah , Firmansyah Firmansyah 
Published: November 2022

Arabic learners often face various difficulties in reading activities. The research used the quantitative approach of the experimental method by non-equivalent control group design. The study population for this research is 60 students. The 30 students are decided to represent the experimental group and 30 students to represent the control group. The researcher used the t-test rule in analyzing the data to reveal the effectiveness of using cooperative learning strategy. As for the methods that the researcher used in all of them, they are: direct observation, personal interview, pre and post written test. The researcher concluded that the use of the cooperative learning strategy in the reading skill of pupils in this school is effective.
Characteristics of Adult Rapid Response Events in a Freestanding Children’s Hospital
Authors: Chalam Jennifer N. , Noble Jennifer , DeLaroche Amy M. , Ehrman Robert R. , Cashen Katherine 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVES
To describe nonhospitalized adult rapid response events (adult RREs) in a freestanding children’s hospital and examine the relationship between various demographic and clinical factors with the final patient disposition.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed records for nonhospitalized patients ≥18 years of age from events that occurred in a freestanding pediatric hospital between January 2011 through December 2020. We examined the relationship between adult RREs and patient demographic information, medical history, interventions, and patient disposition following an adult RRE.

RESULTS
Four hundred twenty-nine events met inclusion criteria for analysis. Most events (69%) occurred in females, 49% of events occurred in family members of patients, and 47% occurred on inpatient floor and ICU areas. The most common presenting complaint was syncope or dizziness (36%). Delivery of bad news or grief response was associated with 14% of adult RREs. Overall, 46% (n = 196) of patients were transferred to the pediatric emergency department (ED). Patients requiring acute intervention or with cardiac or neurologic past medical histories were more likely to be transferred to the pediatric ED. Acute advanced cardiac life support interventions were infrequent but, of the patients taken to the pediatric ED, 1 died, and 3 were admitted to the ICU.

CONCLUSIONS
Adult RREs are common in freestanding children’s hospitals and, although rare, some patients required critical care. Expertise in adult critical care management should be available to the rapid response team and additional training for the pediatric rapid response team in caring for adult nonpatients may be warranted.
Efecto sobre parámetros zootécnicos y composición tisular de tilapia aurea (Oreochromis aureus) alimentada con lombriz roja (Eisenia foetida)
Authors: Zumbado-Salas Alejandra , Chacón-Villalobos Alejandro , Herrera-Muñoz Juan Ignacio 
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los efectos de tres niveles de sustitución del consumo de materia seca de alimento balanceado por lombriz roja (Eisenia foetida) sobre parámetros zootécnicos y la composición tisular en los estadios iniciales de tilapia aurea (Oreochromis aureus). El estudio se llevó a cabo entre agosto y octubre del 2020, en el Módulo de Investigación Acuícola de la Estación Experimental Alfredo Volio Mata de la Universidad de Costa Rica (Cartago, Costa Rica), y tuvo una duración de 46 días, con un fotoperiodo de 12 h/12 h utilizando un control de luz artificial. Se establecieron 12 peceras con un total de ocho tilapias reversadas hormonalmente en cada una, de un peso inicial de 3,25 ± 0,35 g. Las lombrices se obtuvieron del módulo de vermicompost de la misma unidad académica, donde fueron deshidratadas por convección de calor para uso experimental. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado de un factor y tres repeticiones por nivel con cuatro tratamientos: el Tratamiento Control (T0) y tres tratamientos de sustitución de alimento balanceado por lombriz deshidratada, en porcentajes de 25 % (T1), 50 % (T2) y 75 % (T3) de la materia seca. Se anestesiaron los peces cada dos semanas, para evaluar los parámetros de ganancia de peso total (GPT), incremento de longitud estándar (iSL), factor de condición (K), tasa de crecimiento específico (TCE), tasa de conversión alimenticia (FCR), tasa de eficiencia proteica (PER) y mortalidad acumulada. Al finalizar el experimento, se evaluó la composición bioquímica de los peces; la composición química no mostró diferencias significativas por tratamiento, esta no fue afectada por la sustitución con lombriz deshidratada. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre el tratamiento T3 y el T0, para GPT, iSL, TCE, FCR y PER al final del ensayo, y se determinó que puede brindarse hasta un 50 % de lombriz en la ración diaria para los alevines, sin afectar dichos parámetros. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar más investigaciones en aspectos relevantes del uso de la lombriz como insumo nutricional, tales como: digestibilidad, propiedades antinutricionales y un mayor detalle en el perfilado nutricional.
Inclusión de Tithonia diversifolia sobre la calidad de ensilajes de Cuba OM22 con la adición de Musa sp.
Authors: Rodríguez-Badilla Brayan , Alvarez-Brito Ricardo , López-Herrera Michael 
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de la inclusión de Tithonia diversifolia sobre las características físicas, fermentativas y nutricionales de los ensilados de pasto Cuba OM22 con guineo cuadrado. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre setiembre del 2020 y julio del 2021. Se utilizó un diseño irrestricto completamente al azar donde se mezclaron pasto Cuba OM22 con botón de oro (Tithonia diversifolia) en las proporciones porcentuales 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 y 100:0. A estas mezclas proporcionadas se les agregó 10% de Musa sp. y 5% de melaza en base fresca. El ensilaje se desarrolló en microsilos de bolsa plástica de 5 kg con cierre hermético durante 60 días. Se encontró que el forraje de T. diversifolia afecta las características físicas de los ensilados, sobre todo en color y textura; mientras que el pH no fue diferente entre los tratamientos. La concentración de materia seca disminuyó al igual que la fibra detergente neutro (FDN) y la fibra detergente neutro digestible (dFDN). Por otra parte, la T. diversifolia aumentó los contenidos de proteína Cruda (PC) y carbohidratos no fibrosos (CNF). El incremento encontrado fue de 0,5 puntos porcentuales en la PC, en los CNF el aumento fue de 4,25 puntos porcentuales y la FDN se redujo a razón de 5 puntos. En todos los casos, por cada incremento de 25% en la inclusión de T. diversifolia; estos efectos se reflejaron en un aumento de la cantidad de nutrientes digestibles de los ensilados. En conclusión, la inclusión de T. diversifolia permitió mejorar la calidad nutricional de los ensilados sin afectar el proceso fermentativo, aunque su calidad física sí pudo verse afectada debido a la mayor humedad que posee el forraje de esta arbustiva.
Pagsusuri sa mga Piling Maikling Kuwento ni Liwayway Arceo: Mungkahing Gabay Ng Pagtuturo
Authors: Vallecera Etchel E. 
Published: November 2022

Ang pag-aaral ay pinamagatang Pagsusuri sa mga Piling Maikling Kuwento ni Liwayway Arceo. Nilalayong masuri ang elementong nangingibabaw; temang napapaloob, at makabuluhang tampok sa mga piling maikling kuwento. Ginamit sa pag-aaral ang desinyong palarawan sa paraang pagsusuring pangnilalaman sapagkat nilalayong matuklasan, mailarawan, masuri at mabigyang pagpapakahulugan ang taglay na mga elemento ng piling maikling kuwento. Ang pag-aaral ay nakaangkla sa mga teoryang mimetikoni Plato, teoryang kognitib ni Piaget, teoryang constructivismni Bruner, at Social Learning Theory ni Bandura. Natuklasan sa pag-aaral na nangingibabaw ang mga elementong pampanitikan sa piling maikling kuwento. Pumapaksa sa iba’t ibang sitwasyon at realidad na nagaganap sa buhay. Namayani ang babae bilang pangunahing tauhan. Kalimitang nasa loob at labas ng tahanan ang tagpuan ng mga kuwento. Sa tunggalian, namayani ang tao laban sa tao. Nanguna ang himig na kalungkutan at lihim na hinanakit upang mas maipahayag ang damdamin. Sa simbolismo, mayroong iba’t ibang ginamit na bagay na nag-iiwan ng mas malalim na pagpapakahulugan. Unang at ikatlong panauhang pananaw ang ginamit sa kuwento. Ang estilo ng paglalahad ng kuwento ay pagsasalaysay, paglalarawan at pagdadiyalogo. Sa pagbuo ng isang maikling kuwento, kailangan ang mga elementong pampanitikan upang maisakatuparan ang paglalarawan ng mga katangiang nais iparating sa mga mambabasa, Taglay din ng isang maikling kuwento ang mga nasabing elementong pampanitikan sapagkat ang mga ito ang nagpapalitaw ng kagandanhan sa isang likhang sining katulad na lamang ng maikling kuwento. Iminungkahi na ipaalam at magsagawa ng paglalahad ng papel sa kinauukulan ng paaralan ang kinalabasan ng pag-aaral na ito na higit na kilalanin ng mga guro ang may-akda ng maikling kuwentong; gawing hamon ang pagtuturo ng maikling kuwento; at ilakip ang mga natipong maikling kuwentongsinuri sa mga aralin sapagtuturo ng Junior High School.
E-LITERACIA EM SAÚDE EM ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS E CONSUMO DE INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE NUTRIÇÃO
Authors: Santos Luciana Figueiredo dos , Souza Eliana Carla Gomes de , Kiepper Bhreendda Hary Dy Luar Prates 
Published: November 2022

OBJETIVO: Observar a presença de e-literacia em saúde em estudantes universitários e analisar o consumo de informações sobre nutrição nas mídias sociais pelos mesmos.
MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, realizado com estudantes universitários, por meio de um questionário online auto preenchível. As questões compreendiam informações de cunho sociodemográfico, acadêmico e a escala de e-literacia em Saúde (eHEALS). As análises foram realizadas em softwares estatísticos visando a correlação entre as variáveis. O cálculo da escala eHEALS foi efetuado através do somatório das respostas das questões, logo, quanto maior o valor observado, maior será a percepção de competência de e-literacia em saúde dos estudantes.
RESULTADO: O estudo contou com a participação de 241 graduandos com mediana de idade de 22,7 anos, 73,1% dos respondentes eram do sexo feminino, apenas 39,3% eram estudantes dos centros de saúde e 55,4% estavam entre o primeiro e o sexto período da graduação. Cerca de 92,1% acessam as redes sociais diariamente, com tempo de tela variando de 2 a 3 horas/dia. Dentre aqueles com maior acesso as mídias digitais, percebeu-se procura significativa por informações ligadas a nutrição e saúde, como hipertrofia, dietas e emagrecimento. Os estudantes apresentaram e-literacia em saúde favorável, sendo a média dos estudantes dos centros da saúde maior que dos demais cursos.
CONCLUSÕES: Os estudantes universitários apresentam e-literacia em saúde satisfatória. Os alunos dos cursos das ciências biológicas e saúde demonstraram possuir maior letramento digital em saúde que os graduandos dos demais cursos.
Earthquake Stress Drop for a Circular Crack in an Anisotropic Medium
Authors: Tang Shuhang , Zheng Yingcai , Zhou Hua-Wei , Hu Hao 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The circular-crack model has been widely used in seismology to infer earthquake stress drop. A common assumption is that the background medium is isotropic, although many earthquakes occur in geologically anisotropic settings. In this article, we study the effect of anisotropy on stress drop for a circular crack model and present explicit formalism in both static and kinematic cases. In the static case, we obtain the relationship between stress drop and slip for a circular crack model in an arbitrarily anisotropic medium. Special attention is given to the transversely isotropic (TI) medium. The static formalism is useful in understanding stress drop, but not all quantities are observables. Therefore, we resort to the kinematic case, from which we can infer stress drop using recorded far-field body waves. In the kinematic case, we assume that the crack ruptures circularly and reaches the final displacement determined by the static solutions. The far-field waveforms show that the corner frequency will change with different anisotropic parameters. Finally, we calculate the stress drops for cracks in isotropic and anisotropic media using the far-field waveforms. We find that in an isotropic medium, only shear stress acting on the crack surface contributes to shear slip. However, in a TI medium, if the anisotropy symmetry axis is not perpendicular or parallel to the crack surface, a normal stress (normal to the crack surface) can produce a shear slip. In calculating stress drop for an earthquake in an anisotropic medium using far-field body waves, a large error may be introduced if we ignore the possible anisotropy in the inversion. For a TI medium with about 18% anisotropy, the misfit of inferred stress drop could be up to 41%. Considering the anisotropic information, we can further improve the accuracy of stress-drop inversion.