bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, clinical signs, and videofluoroscopic swallow study abnormalities associated with airway penetration and aspiration in 100 dogs
Authors: Grobman Megan , Carluen Enrico , Reinero Carol R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundVideofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS) utilizing penetration‐aspiration (P‐A) scoring assesses airway protection in people. On VFSS, penetration (ingesta or secretions immediately cranial to the vocal folds) and aspiration (material caudal to the vocal folds) are associated with increased risk of lung injury in people. Penetration‐aspiration (P‐A) scoring has been validated in animal models, but the incidence of P‐A, clinical signs (CS), and dysphagic disorders associated with P‐A in dogs are unknown.ObjectivesUsing VFSS, identify the incidence of P‐A, compare CS between dogs with and without P‐A, and identify predisposing dysphagic abnormalities for P‐A.AnimalsOne hundred client‐owned dogs.MethodsSequential VFSS and associated medical records from dogs presenting to the veterinary teaching hospitals at Auburn University (n = 53) and the University of Missouri (n = 47) were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical comparisons were made using Mann‐Whitney tests, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks, multiple linear regression, and Spearman rank order correlation (P < .05).ResultsOn VFSS, the incidence of pathologic P‐A was 39%. No significant differences in CS were found between dogs with or without P‐A (P > .05), with 14/39 dogs with P‐A presenting without respiratory CS. Pharyngeal (P < .001) and esophageal (P = .009), but not oral‐preparatory (P = .2) dysphagia was more common with P‐A. Pharyngeal weakness (P < .001) and esophago‐oropharyngeal reflux (EOR; P = .05) were independent predictors of P‐A and were moderately and weakly positively correlated with P‐A score respectively (P < .001, r = 0.489; P = .04, r = 0.201).ConclusionsPenetration‐aspiration occurs in dogs in the absence of respiratory CS (i.e., occult P‐A). Dogs with pharyngeal weakness and EOR should be considered at risk for P‐A.
Discrepant modulating effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on cerebral lipids, fatty acid transporter expression and soluble beta‐amyloid levels in ApoE−/− and C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Huang Xiaochen , Guo Yujie , Ma Xiaojun , Li Pengfei , Zhou Shaobo , Zhang Chi , Chen Rui , Van Halm‐Lutterodt Nicholas , Yuan Linhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThe study was designed to explore the role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) deficiency concomitant with dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) treatment on brain β‐amyloid (Aβ) and lipid levels.MethodA 5‐month dietary DHA intervention was conducted in ApoE‐deficient (ApoE−/−) mice and wild‐type C57BL/6J (C57 wt) mice. The Morris water maze test was performed to assess the behaviour of the animals. The cortical contents of soluble Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cortical fatty acid levels were detected by gas chromatography. Gene and protein expression of molecules associated with cerebral Aβ and lipid metabolism were measured using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot and histological methods.ResultsDHA treatment increased the content of cortical DHA and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs) but decreased the ratio of n‐6/n‐3 PUFAs in ApoE−/− mice; whereas the content of cortical DHA and n‐3 PUFAs in C57 wt mice remained unchanged after DHA treatment. Cerebral Fabp5 and Cd36 gene expression were significantly downregulated in DHA‐fed C57 wt mice; cerebral Cd36 and Scarb1 gene expression were significantly upregulated, whereas Fabp5 gene expression was downregulated in DHA‐fed ApoE−/− mice. In comparison with C57 wt mice, the content of cortical soluble Aβ1–42, total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) increased, whereas the level of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) decreased in ApoE−/− mice. Interestingly, these differences were significantly reversed by DHA dietary treatment.ConclusionDHA intervention has discrepant impacts on cerebral lipids, fatty acid transporter expression and soluble Aβ levels in ApoE−/− and C57 wt mice, suggesting the modifying role of ApoE status on the responses of cerebral lipids and Aβ metabolism to DHA treatment.
A rereading of Caryl Churchill's Owners: Patriarchy and misogyny
Authors: Baştan Ajda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCaryl Churchill's first professional play, Owners, is about ownership as its title implies. One of the highlighted themes in the play is misogyny which has been overlooked by scholars and critics who have commented on Owners. Thus, my aim in this study is to consider and disclose the reasons for misogyny, demonstrated by Churchill as a socio‐political critique, through a feminist reading. As the play is generally examined within the context of themes of power, politics or possession, this article may contribute to correct this omission in the academic domain. In her dark comedy, Churchill emphasises how gender roles are culturally learned and transferred to succeeding generations. In Owners, the married couple Marion and Clegg are both misogynists, but endowed with opposing world views. Churchill, like a sociologist, has made this family the main subject of her play and used it as a point of reference when explaining the reasons for misogyny in a comic and exaggerated style. In this family, while Marion is equipped with bourgeois feminist and anti‐patriarchal ideas, Clegg is a man supporting patriarchal principles. Churchill reveals in her play that Marion and Clegg hate women who do not fit into their ideal world views.
The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Neurological Function of Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Jiang Jialin , Sun Kaiqiang , Lin Feng , Lu Mincheng , Huan Le , Xu Ximing , Sun Jingchuan , Shi Jiangang , Guo Yongfei 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical value of diabetes mellitus for diagnosis and postoperative prognosis in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy undergoing anterior decompression and fusion.MethodsA total of 84 Patients (50 males and 34 females) who underwent anterior decompression and fusion were reviewed in this single‐center retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups (44 patients in the diabetes mellitus group and 40 in the non‐diabetic group). Clinical manifestations were evaluated, including characteristics baseline, clinical tests, MRI information, clinical scores, and complications. The predictive effect of diabetes mellitus on clinical scores were assessed via the receiver operating characteristic curve. The correlation between the severity of diabetes mellitus and neurological function recovery was estimated using the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsPatients with diabetes mellitus exhibited a higher ratio of hyperintensity of the spinal cord (P < 0.05) and worse preoperative clinical scores and neurological recovery (all P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve results indicated that diabetes mellitus could serve as a good indicator for preoperative evaluation of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score (area under curve [AUC] = 0.639), visual analogue score (AUC = 0.642), and Nurick score (AUC = 0.740). In addition, analysis of JOA in isolation suggested that diabetes mellitus correlated closely with the sensory function in the upper and lower limbs (both P < 0.01). The Receiver operating characteristic curve also demonstrated that diabetes mellitus as a clinical test had a reasonable specificity for sensory function in the upper (AUC = 0.654) and lower limbs (AUC = 0.671). Both the level of HbA1c and the duration of diabetes mellitus were negatively correlated with the recovery rate of the JOA score. There was no significant difference between the perioperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionThis present study revealed that the neurological impairment caused by diabetes mellitus in patients undergoing anterior decompression and fusion does not only affect postoperative functional recovery but also interferes with the preoperative clinical manifestations, especially the sensory function in the upper and lower limbs.
Carnap's philosophy of mathematics
Authors: Marschall Benjamin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor several decades, Carnap's philosophy of mathematics used to be either dismissed or ignored. It was perceived as a form of linguistic conventionalism and thus taken to rely on the bankrupt notion of truth by convention. However, recent scholarship has revealed a more subtle picture. It has been forcefully argued that Carnap is not a linguistic conventionalist in any straightforward sense, and that supposedly decisive objections against his position target a straw man. This raises two questions. First, how exactly should we characterise Carnap's actual philosophy of mathematics? Secondly, is his position an attractive alternative to established views? I will tackle these issues by looking at Carnap's response to the incompleteness theorems. Drawing on arguments put forward by Gödel and Beth, I show that some crucial aspects of Carnap's positive account have remained underdeveloped. Suggestions on what a full evaluation of Carnap's position requires are made.
Supporting community health workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed methods pilot study
Authors: Recto Pamela , Lesser Janna , Zapata Jose , Gandara Eduardo , Idar Annette Zavala , Castilla Martha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how the COVID‐19 Project ECHO program may have influenced the mental health of community health workers (CHWs) from South Texas. The program was designed around case‐based learning and mentorship to provide support to CHWs and help them gain expertise to provide services to their communities.DesignAn explanatory sequential mixed methods pilot study.SampleFifteen CHWs who were enrolled in the program participated in this study.MeasurementsThe Center for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression (CES‐D) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to measure the differences pre‐ and post‐intervention. Qualitative description was used to explore the experiences of the participating CHWs.ResultsThe PSS post‐test mean (12.53) showed a statistically significant decrease from the pretest mean (17.01) (t (14 = 2.456, p = .028). The CHWs explained that the death of loved ones, feelings of isolation, and work‐related concerns influenced their mental health. CHWs expressed that the program provided them with emotional support and resources for their clients.ConclusionsThe impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on disadvantaged and medically underserved areas will be long‐lasting; therefore, the need is greater than ever for CHWs to receive mental health support and be able to connect communities with vital resources.
Senolytic Drug Quercetin Rescues Survival from Blue Light Toxicity in Drosophila Model
Authors: Zhang Dake , Shan Jianying , Liang Boying , Zhong Lichao , Tang Hao , Xu Yifan , Jin Hui , Chen Yinfei , Shen Jie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the increasing frequency of human exposure to blue light, the harmfulness of blue light has received wider attention. The damaging effect of blue light is complex and long‐lasting. In this study, Drosophila melanogaster was used as a model organism to investigate the protective effect of the senolytic drug quercetin on blue light toxicity. As one of the first senolytic drugs discovered, quercetin not only has antioxidant properties, but also has been used to treat various neurological disorders. Our study shows that quercetin can effectively prolong the survival of flies under blue light irradiation, and it significantly increases the egg production of female flies under blue light. In addition, after flies intaking quercetin under blue light, both the spontaneous activity and nutrient metabolism show significant sex‐specificity. The experimental results provide a potentially effective intervention method for organisms to defend against blue light toxicity, and reveal a new function of the senolytic drug quercetin from another perspective.
Controlling photosynthetic energy conversion by small conformational changes
Authors: Maroudas‐Sklare Naama , Kolodny Yuval , Yochelis Shira , Keren Nir , Paltiel Yossi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractControl phenomena in biology usually refer to changes in gene expression and protein translation and modification. In this paper, another mode of regulation is highlighted; we propose that photosynthetic organisms can harness the interplay between localization and delocalization of energy transfer by utilizing small conformational changes in the structure of light‐harvesting complexes. We examine the mechanism of energy transfer in photosynthetic pigment‐protein complexes, first through the scope of theoretical work and then by in vitro studies of these complexes. Next, the biological relevance to evolutionary fitness of this localization‐delocalization switch is explored by in vivo experiments on desert crust and marine cyanobacteria, which are both exposed to rapidly changing environmental conditions. These examples demonstrate the flexibility and low energy cost of this mechanism, making it a competitive survival strategy.
Let the Readers of Scripture Understand One Another Five Things Biblical Scholars Wish Theologians Knew, ScotMcKnight, IVP, 2021 (ISBN 978‐0‐8308‐4935‐2), xiv + 170 pp., pb $20Five Things Theologians Wish Biblical Scholars Knew, HansBoersma, IVP, 2021 (ISBN 978‐0‐8308‐5390‐8), xvi + 156 pp., pb $20
Authors: Penner Bradley M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis review article evaluates two complementary volumes on the continuing dialogue between biblical studies and Christian theology, particularly how the two disciplines have had a parting of the ways over the past few centuries and how there is hope for a rapprochement to foster a greater, mutual understanding and collaboration as distinct but not divided disciplines. We agree with the authors that the disciplines of biblical studies and Christian theology integrate well but not to the extent of an ultimate synthesis wherein they lose their distinct methodologies, epistemologies, and teleologies. Moreover, we will argue that even though there is no return to a time when both disciplines were one and the same, the path forward is one of interdisciplinary respect, fruitful cross‐pollination, and reciprocal accountability that will only enable biblical studies and theology to flourish better in the service of the church and academy.
Eating and speech problems in oral and pharyngeal cancer survivors – Associations with treatment‐related side‐effects and time since diagnosis
Authors: Andreassen Renate , Hadler‐Olsen Elin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to find factors associated with problems with the ability to eat and speak in oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors and to evaluate if the panorama of oral problems varied with time since diagnosis.Methods and ResultsA questionnaire assessing cancer diagnosis and treatment, oral health‐related quality of life, and presence of treatment‐related side‐effects was sent to members of the Norwegian Head and Neck Cancer Association. Three‐quarters (n = 117) of the respondents experienced xerostomia, and 51% (n = 79) had dysphagia. Prevalence of dysphagia, trismus, and dysphonia was lowest among respondents diagnosed within the last 5–10 years prior to the study. Eating problems were reported by 75% (n = 121) of the OPC survivors and were associated with xerostomia, dysphagia, trismus, having removed part of the tongue, cancer diagnosis within 5 years prior to the study and having little problems with caries and tooth fracture. Speaking problems were experienced by 60% (n = 93) of the OPC survivors, and were associated with dysphonia, dysphagia, and trismus.ConclusionOur study shows a high prevalence of oral problems among OPC survivors and points to targets for interventions for eating and speech impairments that may improve oral health‐related quality of life.
Inter‐examiner reliability of the Doha agreement meeting classification system of groin pain in male athletes
Authors: Heijboer Willem M. P. , Weir Adam , Vuckovic Zarko , Fullam Karl , Tol Johannes L. , Delahunt Eamonn , Serner Andreas 
Published: October 2022

The Doha agreement classification is used to classify groin pain in athletes. We evaluated the inter‐examiner reliability of this classification system. We prospectively recruited 48 male athletes (66 symptomatic sides) with groin pain between 10–2017 and 03–2020 at a sports medicine hospital in Qatar. Two examiners (23 and 10 years of clinical experience) performed history taking, and a standardized clinical examination blinded to each other's findings. Examiners classified groin pain using the Doha agreement terminology (adductor‐, inguinal‐, iliopsoas‐, pubic‐, hip‐related groin pain, or other causes of groin pain). Multiple entities were ranked in order of perceived clinical importance. Each side was classified separately for bilateral groin pain. Inter‐examiner reliability was calculated using Cohen's Kappa statistic (κ). Inter‐examiner reliability was slight to moderate for adductor‐ (κ = 0.40), inguinal‐ (κ = 0.44), iliopsoas‐ (κ = 0.57), and pubic‐related groin pain (κ = 0.12), substantial for hip‐related groin pain (κ = 0.62), and slight for “other causes of groin pain” (κ = 0.13). Ranking entities in order of perceived clinical importance improved inter‐examiner reliability for adductor‐, inguinal‐, and iliopsoas‐related groin pain (κ = 0.52–0.65), but not for pubic (κ = 0.12), hip (κ = 0.51), and “other causes of groin pain” (κ = 0.03). For participants with unilateral groin pain classified with a single entity (n = 7), there was 100% agreement between the two examiners. Inter‐examiner reliability of the Doha agreement meeting classification system varied from slight to substantial, depending on the clinical entity. Agreement between examiners was perfect when athletes were classified with a single clinical entity of groin pain, but lower when athletes were classified with multiple clinical entities.
The chromosome‐level genome of female ginseng (Angelica sinensis) provides insights into molecular mechanisms and evolution of coumarin biosynthesis
Authors: Han Xiaoxu , Li Cheng , Sun Shichao , Ji Jiaojiao , Nie Bao , Maker Garth , Ren Yonglin , Wang Li 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYCoumarins are natural products with important medicinal values, and include simple coumarins, furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins. Female ginseng (Angelica sinensis) is a renowned herb with abundant coumarins, originated in China and known for the treatment of female ailments for thousands of years. The molecular basis of simple coumarin biosynthesis in A. sinensis and the evolutionary history of the genes involved in furanocoumarin biosynthesis are largely unknown. Here, we generated the first chromosome‐scale genome of A. sinensis. It has a genome size of 2.37 Gb, which was generated by combining PacBio and Hi‐C sequencing technologies. The genome was predicted to contain 43 202 protein‐coding genes dispersed mainly on 11 pseudochromosomes. We not only provided evidence for whole‐genome duplication (WGD) specifically occurring in the Apioideae subfamily, but also demonstrated the vital role of tandem duplication for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in A. sinensis. Combined analyses of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed key genes and candidate transcription factors regulating simple coumarin biosynthesis. Furthermore, phylogenomic synteny network analyses suggested prenyltransferase genes involved in furanocoumarin biosynthesis evolved independently in the Moraceae, Fabaceae, Rutaceae and Apiaceae after ζ and ε WGD. Our work sheds light on coumarin biosynthesis, and provides a benchmark for accelerating genetic research and molecular breeding in A. sinensis.
Supplemental Material: Late Holocene volcanic stratigraphy and eruption chronology of the dacitic Young Doña Juana volcano, Colombia
Authors: Pardo Natalia , al. et 
Published: October 2022

<p>Supplemental Material 1: Link to the interactive map (1.1), histograms (1.2), and statistics (1.3) of grain-size distributions of each pyroclastic unit. Supplemental Material 2: Radiocarbon dating (n = 90) and whole-rock geochemical data (n = 27) of juvenile clasts. Supplemental Material 3: Details on volume calculation and calculation of main geometric parameters following Giordano and Cas (2021). </p>
Accuracy of pattern deviation in estimating the glaucomatous damage in the central 10° visual field in eyes with glaucoma and cataract
Authors: Tomita Ryo , Asaoka Ryo , Hirasawa Kazunori , Fujino Yuri , Nakakura Shunsuke , Murata Hiroshi , Omura Tetsuo , Shoji Nobuyuki , Obana Akira , Nishiguchi Koji M , Tanito Masaki 
Published: October 2022

Background/aimsThe accuracy of pattern deviation (PD) in estimating the damage to the glaucomatous visual field (VF) in the central 10° in eyes with glaucoma and cataract is unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study includes 63 eyes of 52 glaucoma patients who successfully underwent cataract surgery or cataract surgery plus iStent implantation. Using the Humphrey Field Analyser 10–2 test, VF was measured within 6 months preoperatively and postoperatively (VFpreand VFpost, respectively). The mean total deviation values in VFpost(mTDpost) indicates glaucomatous damage without cataract and the difference between this value and mean PD values in VFpre(mPDpre) was evaluated (εmPD). The effect of cataract was then evaluated as the difference between mTDpostand mTDpre(ΔmTD), while the effects of mTDpostand ΔmTD on εmPD were also assessed. In addition, based on preoperative visual acuity (VApre) and VFpre, the optimal model for predicting mTDpostwas identified. The error of this method (εOptimalModel) was estimated as the difference against mTDpost, which was compared with εmPD.ResultsCompared with mTDpre, there was a significant improvement in mTDpost(p=0.028). A significant difference was observed between mPDpreand mTDpost(p<0.001). Further, εmPD significantly increased with the increase of mTDpostor ΔmTD (p<0.001 and p=0.0444, respectively). The absolute εOptimalModel was significantly smaller than the absolute εmPD (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study warns clinicians that PD of the central 10° VF might underestimate the glaucomatous VF damage with the progression of glaucoma and overestimate it as a cataract progresses.