bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neovascular Glaucoma: An Update
Authors: Kalogeropoulos Dimitrios , Moussa George , Sung Velota Ct. , Pappa Chrysavgi , Kalogeropoulos Chris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe type of secondary glaucoma with devastating complications and generally poor visual prognosis. NVG is defined by the development of pathological
neovessels over the iris and the iridocorneal angle that can block the outflow of aqueous humor, causing elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). The pathogenesis of NVG is, in most cases,
associated with ischemia of the posterior segment, which is most frequently associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or central retinal vein occlusion. The advanced stages of NVG
are by iris and angle neovascularization, angle, and extremely high IOP, accompanied by ocular pain and poor vision. The therapeutic approach of NVG is based on the reduction of retinal
ischemia by panretinal photocoagulation. Intravitreal anti-VEGF administration can contribute to the regression of neovascularization, and topical and systemic medications may be necessary
for IOP control. However, if medical treatment with these agents is not enough, surgical procedures may be required to lower IOP and prevent glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Early and prompt
diagnosis, with identification of the underlying etiology, can improve IOP control and final visual outcome. The aim of this study is to review current knowledge of the pathogenesis and
management of NVG.
Raubtier-Journale im HNO-Fachgebiet
Authors: Lüers Jan Christoffer , Jansen Stefanie , Klußmann Jens Peter 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Pseudowissenschaftliche Raubtier-Journale machen seit
vielen Jahren unter Missbrauch des „Open Access“-Modells ein kommerziell-lukratives Geschäft
mit wissenschaftlichen Manuskripten, indem sie gegen Publikationsgebühren eine schnelle und
unkomplizierte Veröffentlichung von wissenschaftlichen Manuskripten offerieren. Es stellt sich
die Frage, ob auch das HNO-Fachgebiet von dieser Praxis bereits erreicht ist.
Material und Methoden Ein pseudowissenschaftliches
Fake-Manuskript wurde an 20 (Fach-)Journale geschickt, bei denen der Journaltitel auf einen
otorhinolaryngologischen Inhalt hinwies. Bei der Hälfte der Journale handelte es sich um
traditionelle HNO-Journale, die eine Printausgabe herausbringen und die sich im Wesentlichen
aus Abonnements und Anzeigen finanzieren. Bei der anderen Hälfte handelte es sich um Journale,
die ausschließlich nach dem „Open Access“-Modell publizieren. Es wurden verschiedene Parameter
der Journale und des Begutachtungsprozesses ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Alle 10 traditionellen HNO-Fachjournale lehnten eine
Publikation des Fake-Manuskriptes ab. Unter den Journalen, die ausschließlich nach dem „Open
Access“-Modell publizierten, gab es eine Ablehnung des Manuskripts, während 2 Journale eine
Revision empfahlen und bei 7 Journalen das Manuskript direkt zur Publikation angenommen
wurde.
Schlussfolgerung Raubtier-Verlage und -Journale sind auch im
HNO-Fachgebiet aktiv. Gerade bei Journalen, die Artikel ausschließlich „Open Access“ gegen
eine Publikations- oder Bearbeitungsgebühr publizieren, sollten wissenschaftliche Autoren
vorsichtig sein und die Seriosität der Zeitschrift vorab prüfen.
PTABS: A Unique Water-Soluble π-Acceptor Caged Phosphine
Authors: Kapdi Anant R. , Sahu Rajesh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCaged phosphines have unique structures and provide many advantageous properties that can be fine-tuned to develop efficient catalytic systems. Our research group recently introduced a highly water-soluble caged phosphine: PTABS (KapdiPhos), which is a derivatized form of triazaphosphaadamantane, and explored its applicability as a strongly π-accepting ligand in combination with metals such as Pd or Cu in a variety of cross-coupling reactions of biologically relevant halonucleosides as well as chloroheteroarenes. This account details our journey from ideation to the various catalytic applications of the ligands and eventually to its commercialization.1	Introduction2	Derivatization of PTA to PTABS and Its Applications2.1	Nucleoside Modification2.2	Heteroarene Modification3	Conclusion4	Summary and Future Outlook
l-Proline-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of 4-Chloro-3-formylcoumarin, Sodium Sulfide, and α-Halo Ketones: A Direct Approach to Thieno[3,2-c]coumarins
Authors: Shkoor Mohanad , Thotathil Vandana , Al-Zoubi Raed M. , Sawali Mona , Su Haw-Lih 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new protocol for the synthesis of thieno[3,2-c]coumarins is disclosed. In this method, a 3-formyl-2-oxo-2H-chromene-4-thiolate anion is generated in situ by treatment of 4-chloro-3-formylcoumarin with sodium sulfide. This chromene-4-thiolate undergoes an l-proline-catalyzed substitution/Knoevenagel cascade with various α-halo ketones to afford the desired thienocoumarins in moderate to good isolated yields. This protocol eliminates the need for stoichiometric amounts of inorganic bases and the use of foul-smelling thiols. The reaction conditions tolerate a variety of α-halo ketones.
Mesyl and Triflyl Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Acceptor Fragments in Luminescent Carbene-Metal-Amide Complexes
Authors: Traskovskis Kaspars , Ruduss Armands , Sisojevs Zanis , Belyakov Sergey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSynthetic procedures providing access to mesyl and triflyl functionalized derivatives of 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene (SIPr) have been provided in detail. New luminescent carbene-metal-amide (CMA) Cu(I) complexes based on acceptor group functionalized SIPr have been prepared. The effect of the LUMO energy in the sulfonyl functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) series on the emissive properties of the CMAs has been investigated.
The gendered dimensions of the anti-mask and anti-lockdown movement on social media
Authors: Al-Rawi Ahmed , Siddiqi Maliha , Wenham Clare , Smith Julia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the anti-mask and anti-lockdown online movement in connection to the COVID-19 pandemic. To combat the spread of the coronavirus, health officials around the world urged and/or mandated citizens to wear facemasks and adopt physical distancing measures. These health policies and guidelines have become highly politicized in some parts of the world, often discussed in association with freedom of choice and independence. We downloaded references to the anti-mask and anti-lockdown social media posts using 24 search terms. From a total of 4209 social media posts, the researchers manually filtered the explicit visual and textual content that is related to discussions of different genders. We used multimodal discourse analysis (MDM) which analyzes diverse modes of communicative texts and images and focuses on appeals to emotions and reasoning. Using the MDM approach, we analysed posts taken from Facebook and Instagram from active anti-mask and anti-lockdown users, and we identified three main discourses around the gendered discussion of the anti-mask movement including hypermasculine, sexist and pejorative portrayals of “Karen”, and appropriating freedom and feminism discourses. A better understanding of how social media users evoke gendered discourses to spread anti-mask and anti-lockdown messages can help researchers identify differing reactions toward pandemic measures.
Dependency distance minimization: a diachronic exploration of the effects of sentence length and dependency types
Authors: Liu Xueying , Zhu Haoran , Lei Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDependency distance is regarded as an index of memory load and a measure of syntactic difficulty. Previous research has found that dependency distance tends to minimize both synchronically and diachronically due to the limited resource of working memory. However, little is known concerning the effects of different dependency types on the dependency distance minimization. In addition, previous studies showed inconsistent results on the anti-minimization of dependency distance in shorter sentences. Hence, a more fine-grained investigation is needed on the diachronic change of dependency distance with shorter sentences such as those of three or four words. To address these issues, this study intends to explore the diachronic change of dependency distance in terms of two variables, i.e., dependency types and sentence length. Results show that anti-minimization does exist in short sentences diachronically, and sentence length has an effect on diachronic dependency distance minimization of dependency types. More importantly, not all dependency types present a decreasing trend, while only nine types of dependency relations are responsible for the dependency distance minimization. Possible explanations for the findings are offered.
Nutrients digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and rumen and blood parameters in sheep feeding grape pomace treated with Neurospora sitophila
Authors: Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Dayani Omid , Tahmasbi Reza , Khezri Amin , Dadvar Poorya 
Published: November 2022

Context Agricultural by-products such as grape pomace (GP), could form an important component of ruminant diets. Aims The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of treating GP with Neurospora sitophila on chemical composition, digestibility, nitrogen balance, rumen, and blood parameters. Methods Twenty-four adult Kermani rams were allocated to one of three treatments arranged as a completely randomised design for a 26-day period. The first 21 days were for adaptation, and the last 5 days were for sample collection. The animals were placed in individual cages equipped with a urine–faeces separator. They were fed with (1) a basal diet without GP (control), (2) a basal diet with 20% of untreated grape pomace (UGP), and (3) a basal diet with 20% of N. sitophila-treated grape pomace (TGP). Key results Treating GP increased the percentages of crude protein (CP), lignin and rumen-degradable protein (RDP; P < 0.01), but decreased rumen-undegradable protein (RUP; P < 0.05) and total phenols and tannins (P < 0.01). Nutrient digestibility in the TGP- and UGP-supplemented groups was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The mean excretion of allantoin (P < 0.05), xanthine plus hypoxanthine (P < 0.01), total purine derivatives (P < 0.05), and microbial protein synthesis (P < 0.05) were lower in the sheep fed UGP than in the control group. The acetate (P < 0.01), propionate and total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.05) in rumen fluid were the highest in the control group. The UGP-supplemented group had a higher rumen pH and a lower NH3-N concentration than did other groups, 1.5 h after feed intake. Also, blood glucose and urea nitrogen in animals fed UGP were lower than in those in other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions Treating of GP with N. sitophila fungus increases the CP and RDP and reduces the adverse effects of GP on ruminal kinetics. Implications The GP that has been exposed and treated with N. sitophila may provide a suitable supplementary feed for ruminants when incorporated into diets at rates of up to 20%.
Evaluation of soil salinity using the dielectric sensor WET-2
Authors: Kargas George , Londra Paraskevi A. , Sotirakoglou Kyriaki 
Published: November 2022

Context The electrical conductivity of the soil saturated paste extract (ECe) is used to estimate the soil salinity. Aims This study aims to develop simple or multiple linear regression models to estimate the ECe using soil properties measured by a dielectric sensor in the field. Methods The measurements of bulk electrical conductivity (ECb), soil temperature (T) and dielectric permittivity (εb) in agricultural fields were conducted using the WET-2 sensor. A total of 105 soil samples were obtained from agricultural fields in three regions of Greece. Key results A very strong positive correlation between ECb and ECe (r > 0.6 and P < 0.001) was obtained by using the Spearman’s correlation coefficients. Multiple linear regression models (MLR) were developed using only the parameters εb, ECb and T measured by the WET-2 in estimating ECe. Considering that the MLR models are site specific, the ECe could be reliably estimated by applying MLR models in regions with coarse textured soils. Contrarily, in regions with finer textured soils characterised by ECb values <1 dS m−1, additional soil parameters are required to be included in MLR models to estimate of ECe more accurately. In regions with soils characterised by high salinity (4 dS m−1 < ECe < 25 dS m−1), a simple linear regression model seems to be sufficient. Conclusions and implications As the WET-2 sensor measures simultaneously three soil properties in situ, it might be a valuable tool for estimating ECe, for the first centimetres of soil, in the case that the soil is not dry with relatively low clay content.
The role of older men in a phonological change
Authors: Duhamel Marie-France 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContrary to classic predictions associated with the gender pattern in variationism, the results of this study on the effect of age and gender on a phonological innovation suggests that older speakers drive innovation in this small Oceanic speech community of Vanuatu. Young and old men are prone to deleting the phonemic consonant, while women and middle-aged men tend to retain it. The v-shaped distribution of the variant requires considering the interactions and social status of individuals in this community where older men occupy the highest-ranking positions. The deletion does not appear to be stylistic, and multivariate analyses reveal the effect of surrounding vowels, sex and age, on the frequency of consonant deletion. The variation is interpreted as a change in progress towards the deletion of the velar fricative and its high incidence in younger men is explained by their frequent interactions with the older men.
Authenticity in language ideology
Authors: Povilonis Natalie , Guy Gregory 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Like many marginalized languages, Chanka Quechua (Peru) lacks community-wide prestige norms associated with standard-language ideology. Formal situations require Spanish, and few speakers are literate in Quechua, so normative speech styles are absent. Speakers’ evaluative judgments do not reference notions of correctness; rather, they value puro ‘pure’ speech and authenticity.
This paper explores alternative approaches to accessing sociolinguistic judgments with a study of the variably present uvular phoneme in the past tense /–rqa/ morpheme, as exemplified in the following alternation:

(1)

ri-r
q
a-ni

~

ri-ra-ni

go-pst-1sg

go-pst-1sg

‘I went’

‘I went’

To contrast speech from sociolinguistic interviews, careful, self-monitored speech is elicited through oral retelling of material presented aurally, rather than in writing. Of 38 participants, rural speakers tend to have higher rates of /q/ than urbanites and reflect idealized puro Quechua. We argue that authenticity guides variation, in place of standard language ideology.
Effect of different anthropometry‐driven block settings on sprint start performance
Authors: Cavedon Valentina , Bezodis Neil Edward , Sandri Marco , Golia Silvia , Zancanaro Carlo , Milanese Chiara 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTFew studies have focused on the effect of individual anthropometrics when considering “set” position posture during the sprint start. This study aimed to measure the effect of different anthropometry‐driven block settings on kinetic and kinematic parameters and performance during the start in well‐trained and non‐trained sprinters. Front block‐starting line (FB/SL) distance was manipulated between 50% and 70% of each individual's leg length at 5% intervals, whilst the inter‐block distance was held constant at 45% of leg length. Thirty‐six sprinters performed three maximal‐effort 10 m sprints in each of the five conditions. Joint angles in the “set” position were quantified though 2D video analysis, the forces generated during block clearance phase were measured by dynamometric starting blocks, and times to 5 and 10 m were measured with photocells. The effects of the five block setting conditions were largely consistent irrespective of ability level. Shorter FB/SL distances were associated with significantly more flexed hip and knee angles in the “set” position, a significantly more plantar flexed front ankle, and a significantly more dorsiflexed rear ankle. There were no significant effects of FB/SL distance on total block time, and thus the greater rear block peak forces and impulses produced from the shorter FB/SL distances combined with no effects on the resultant front block peak forces and impulses, led to higher levels of sprint start performance from the shorter FB/SL distances. Considering FB/SL distances closer to 50% of leg length may be beneficial for coaches and athletes to explore during sprint start training.
New guidelines for the perioperative care of people living with frailty undergoing elective and emergency surgery—a commentary
Authors: Partridge Judith S L , Ryan Jack , Dhesi Jugdeep K ,   The CPOC-BGS perioperative frailty guideline group, Bailey Tessa , Barker Claire , Bates Louise , Bell Rachel , Bryden Daniele , Carter Sarah , Clegg Andrew , Conroy Simon , Cowley Alison , Curtis Ali , Diedo Beck , Eardley William , Evley Rachel , Hare Sarah , Hopper Adrian , Humphry Nia , Kanga Kate , Kilvington Bill , Lees Nicholas P , McDonald David , McGarrity Laura , McNally Scarlett , Meilak Catherine , Mudford Lawrence , Nolan Catherina , Pearce Lyndsay , Price Angeline , Proffitt Amy , Romano Vittoria , Rose Shelley , Selwyn David , Shackles David , Syddall Eleanor , Taylor Derek , Tinsley Sarah , Vardy Emma , Youde Jane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFrailty is common in the older population and is a predictor of adverse outcomes following emergency and elective surgery. Identification of frailty is key to enable targeted intervention throughout the perioperative pathway from contemplation of surgery to recovery. Despite evidence on how to identify and modify frailty, such interventions are not yet routine perioperative care. To address this implementation gap, a guideline was published in 2021 by the Centre for Perioperative Care and the British Geriatrics Society, working with patient representatives and all stakeholders involved in the perioperative care of patients with frailty undergoing surgery. The guideline covers all aspects of perioperative care relevant to adults living with frailty undergoing elective and emergency surgery. It is written for healthcare professionals, as well as for patients and their carers, managers and commissioners. Implementation of the guideline will require collaboration between all stakeholders, underpinned by an implementation strategy, workforce development with supporting education and training resources, and evaluation through national audit and research. The guideline is an important step in improving perioperative outcomes for people living with frailty and quality of healthcare services. This commentary provides a summary and discussion of the evidence informing the standards and recommendations in the published guideline.
Prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance early after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in older patients
Authors: Gabaldón-Pérez Ana , Marcos-Garcés Víctor , Gavara José , López-Lereu María P , Monmeneu José V , Pérez Nerea , Ríos-Navarro César , de Dios Elena , Merenciano-González Héctor , Cànoves Joaquim , Racugno Paolo , Bonanad Clara , Minana Gema , Núnez Julio , Moratal David , Chorro Francisco J , Valente Filipa , Lorenzatti Daniel , Ortiz-Pérez Jose T , Rodríguez-Palomares Jose F , Bodí Vicente 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundolder patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represent a very high-risk population. Data on the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in this scenario are scarce.Methodsthe registry comprised 247 STEMI patients over 70 years of age treated with percutaneous intervention and included in a multicenter registry. Baseline characteristics, echocardiographic parameters and CMR-derived left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, %), infarct size (% of left ventricular mass) and microvascular obstruction (MVO, number of segments) were prospectively collected. The additional prognostic power of CMR was assessed using adjusted C-statistic, net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI).Resultsduring a 4.8-year mean follow-up, the number of first major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was 66 (26.7%): 27 all-cause deaths and 39 re-admissions for acute heart failure. Predictors of MACE were GRACE score (HR 1.03 [1.02–1.04], P &lt; 0.001), CMR–LVEF (HR 0.97 [0.95–0.99] per percent increase, P = 0.006) and MVO (HR 1.24 [1.09–1.4] per segment, P = 0.001). Adding CMR data significantly improved MACE prediction compared to the model with baseline and echocardiographic characteristics (C-statistic 0.759 [0.694–0.824] vs. 0.685 [0.613–0.756], NRI = 0.6, IDI = 0.08, P &lt; 0.001). The best cut-offs for independent variables were GRACE score &gt; 155, LVEF &lt; 40% and MVO ≥ 2 segments. A simple score (0, 1, 2, 3) based on the number of altered factors accurately predicted the MACE per 100 person-years: 0.78, 5.53, 11.51 and 78.79, respectively (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsCMR data contribute valuable prognostic information in older patients submitted to undergo CMR soon after STEMI. The Older-STEMI–CMR score should be externally validated.
Is ambient air pollution associated with sarcopenia? Results from a nation-wide cross-sectional study
Authors: Lai Zhihan , Yang Yin , Qian Zhengmin (Min) , Vaughn Michael G , Tabet Maya , Lin Hualiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
sarcopenia is a disease that involves the degeneration of muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. It remains unknown whether air pollution exposure increases the risk of sarcopenia.

Methods
the baseline survey of the UK Biobank was used in this study. Sarcopenia was identified according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) and classified into non-sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia. Land use regressions were used to estimate concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particles (PMcoarse), PM10, PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations between air pollution and sarcopenia and its components.

Results
out of 352,265 participants, 28,710 (8.2%) were identified with probable sarcopenia. In adjusted models, there were increased odds of probable sarcopenia for each interquartile range increase in PM2.5 (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.07), PM10 (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.17), PMcoarse (OR: 1.02; 95% CI:1.01, 1.03), PM2.5 absorbance (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.10), NO2 (OR: 1.12; 95% CI:1.10, 1.14) and NOx (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.08).

Conclusions
this study suggests that exposure to ambient air pollution might be one risk factor of sarcopenia. Prospective studies are needed to further confirm our findings.