bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐pressure synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of a novel quadruple perovskite CeMn3Rh4O12
Authors: Kato Yuta , Nakajima Hiroshi , Kawaguchi Shogo , Mori Shigeo , Yamada Ikuya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA novel transition metal oxide CeMn3Rh4O12 has been synthesized using high‐pressure and high‐temperature conditions of 12 GPa and 1573 K. CeMn3Rh4O12 crystallizes in the AA'3B4O12‐type quadruple perovskite structure with A‐site ordering in a cubic space group of Im in the high‐temperature phase at above 310 K, whereas CeMn3Rh4O12 undergoes a structural phase transition with symmetry lowering down to probable triclinic symmetry on cooling below this temperature. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that all the constituent ions are trivalent at room temperature, suggesting the valence state of Ce3+Mn3+3Rh3+4O12. Magnetization study demonstrates an antiferromagnetic transition attributed to A'‐site Mn3+ ions at TN = 35 K, whereas a Curie–Weiss analysis finds an additional paramagnetic component attributed to the Ce3+ 4f1 ions. We discuss the differences in structural and magnetic properties between CeMn3Rh4O12 and LaMn3Rh4O12, eventually proposing a possible stereochemical effect of Ce3+ on crystal structure in the quadruple perovskite.
Homolytic X‐H Bond Cleavage at a Gold(III) Hydroxide: Insights into One‐Electron Events at Gold
Authors: Engbers Silène , Leach Isaac F. , Havenith Remco W. A. , Klein Johannes E. M. N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractC(sp3)‐H and O−H bond breaking steps in the oxidation of 1,4‐cyclohexadiene and phenol by a Au(III)‐OH complex were studied computationally. The analysis reveals that for both types of bonds the initial X−H cleavage step proceeds via concerted proton coupled electron transfer (cPCET), reflecting electron transfer from the substrate directly to the Au(III) centre and proton transfer to the Au‐bound oxygen. This mechanistic picture is distinct from the analogous formal Cu(III)‐OH complexes studied by the Tolman group (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 17236–17244), which proceed via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) for C−H bonds and cPCET for O−H bonds. Hence, care should be taken when transferring concepts between Cu−OH and Au−OH species. Furthermore, the ability of Au−OH complexes to perform cPCET suggests further possibilities for one‐electron chemistry at the Au centre, for which only limited examples exist.
Activated Internal Alkyne‐Based Polymerization†
Authors: Li Baixue , Wang Jia , He Benzhao , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryAs an emerging and efficient polymerization methodology, activated internal alkyne‐based polymerization has been considered as a powerful tool for the construction of polymers with diverse architectures and versatile functions. This review focuses on the recent progresses in the polymerization using mono‐activated, di‐activated, in‐situ generated, ring‐strained ethynyl groups as substrates, coupling with post‐modification on premade polymers containing activated internal ethynyl moieties. Representative examples are used to illustrate the fundamental design strategy, the development of polymerization and post‐functionalization, along with the properties and potential applications of the prepared polymers. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in terms of new‐type active alkynes, green polymerization methodology, tailored regio‐/stereoselectivity modulation, and potentially expanded application in this area are also discussed.
A Phase 1 Study to Assess Mass Balance and Absolute Bioavailability of Zimlovisertib in Healthy Male Participants Using a 14C‐Microtracer Approach
Authors: Singh Ravi Shankar P. , Dowty Martin E. , Salganik Mikhail , Brodfuehrer Joanne I. , Walker Gregory S. , Sharma Raman , Beebe Jean S. , Danto Spencer I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZimlovisertib (PF‐06650833) is a selective, reversible inhibitor of interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) with anti‐inflammatory effects. This phase 1, open‐label, fixed‐sequence, two‐period, single‐dose study aimed to evaluate the mass balance and excretion rate of zimlovisertib in healthy male participants using a 14C‐microtracer approach. All six participants received 300 mg 14C‐zimlovisertib with lower radioactivity per mass unit orally in Period A, then unlabeled zimlovisertib 300 mg orally and 14C‐zimlovisertib 135 μg intravenously (IV) in Period B. Study objectives included extent and rate of excretion of 14C‐zimlovisertib, pharmacokinetics, and safety and tolerability of oral and IV zimlovisertib. Total radioactivity recovered in urine and feces was 82.4% ± 6.8% (urine 23.1% ± 12.3%, feces 59.3% ± 9.7%) in Period A. Zimlovisertib was absorbed rapidly following oral administration, with the fraction absorbed estimated to be 44%. Absolute oral bioavailability of the 300‐mg dose was 17.4% (90% confidence interval 14.1%, 21.5%) using the dose‐normalized area under the concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity. There were no deaths, serious adverse events (AEs), severe AEs, discontinuations or dose reductions due to AEs, and no clinically significant laboratory abnormalities. These results demonstrate that zimlovisertib had low absolute oral bioavailability and low absorption (<50%).
Redistribution of CD8+ T cell subsets in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with anti‐PD‐1 therapy
Authors: De Biasi Sara , Guida Annalisa , Lo Tartaro Domenico , Fanelli Martina , Depenni Roberta , Dominici Massimo , Finak Greg , Porta Camillo , Paolini Annamaria , Borella Rebecca , Bertoldi Carlo , Cossarizza Andrea , Sabbatini Roberto , Gibellini Lara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRenal‐cell carcinoma (RCC) is responsible for the majority of tumors arising from the kidney parenchyma. Although a progressive improvement in median overall survival has been observed after the introduction of anti‐PD‐1 therapy, many patients do not benefit from this treatment. Therefore, we have investigated T cell dynamics to find immune modification induced by anti‐PD‐1 therapy. Here, we show that, after therapy, RCC patients (5 responders and 14 nonresponders) are characterized by a redistribution of different subsets across the memory T cell compartment.
Looking beyond zoom fatigue: The relationship between video chatting and appearance satisfaction in men and women
Authors: Harriger Jennifer A. , Pfund Gabrielle N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic led to a transition to the utilization of video chatting services as the main form of communication for work, family, and friends. However, the repercussions of this change are not fully known, and issues regarding appearance satisfaction are particularly salient. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between video chatting and appearance satisfaction in a sample of men and women.MethodThe current study utilizes cross‐sectional data from 618 participants (Age: M = 33.2; 54.1% women) to evaluate whether average video chat usage predicts appearance satisfaction, and whether this association is dependent upon appearance comparison or self‐objectification.ResultsResults indicated that individuals who spent more time video chatting reported higher appearance satisfaction. Additionally, appearance comparison and self‐objectification were not significant moderators, and the association between video chat usage and appearance satisfaction did not differ based on gender. Usage of the touch‐up feature, gallery view, and amount of time spent looking at oneself were associated with appearance comparisons, while adjusting lighting and camera angles and amount of time spent looking at oneself were associated with self‐objectification.DiscussionThe results may indicate that while overall time spent video chatting may be associated with lower appearance concerns, examination of the usage of specific features on video chatting platforms may be important to assess in the future.Public SignificanceThis study demonstrates that overall time spent video chatting may be associated with lower appearance concerns. The usage, however, of specific features on video chatting platforms, such as touch‐up feature, gallery view, and amount of time spent looking at oneself were associated with appearance comparisons. Additionally, adjusting lighting and camera angles, and amount of time spent looking at oneself are associated with self‐objectification.
Dynamic flow scheduling optimization based on intelligent control for digital twins
Authors: Chang Zhixian , Yang Wujun , Guo Juan , Cheng Yifei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and other technologies, supporting digital twin technology has become a research hotspot today. It expounds the modeling and application of digital twins in the field of smart cities, and studies the network in digital twin cities. The optimization model, in view of the diversity and burstiness of the traffic in the network, in order to effectively handle the increasing user access data traffic and the increasingly wide range of business types, a dynamic traffic scheduling method based on the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is designed, and a gray‐based dynamic traffic scheduling method is proposed. Intelligent path planning algorithm optimized by wolf. The simulation shows that for different types of services, the algorithm can set different priorities based on delay/bandwidth, calculate the optimal path, suboptimal alternate path, third alternate path, and realize intelligent obstacle avoidance and intelligent decision‐making. Scheduling, so as to carry out efficient, reasonable and intelligent traffic scheduling. And in the case of a node failure on the optimal path, the optimal path based on the shortest distance can be quickly calculated.
Nonmarine Ostracoda as proxies in (geo‐)archaeology — A review
Authors: Quante Ella , Pint Anna , Frenzel Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOstracods as bioindicators are extremely useful for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate and can also indicate the provenance of sediments and materials, for example, in studies on ancient commercial networks. Ostracods are small crustaceans that live in almost all aquatic habitats, both natural and man‐made. Due to their calcitic carapace, they have high fossilization potential, and their use in geoarchaeology has been steadily increasing during the last decades. Their small size needs mean that only small volumes of sediment samples are needed, and species‐specific ecological tolerances and preferences allow detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Typical methods of their application are palaeoecological analyses of associations based on ecological information and taphonomy, morphometric variability and stable isotope and chemistry analyses of their shells. The present paper aims to present an overview of applications of non‐marine ostracods in (geo‐)archaeological research, recommending sampling and analytical techniques for addressing archaeological research questions on palaeoclimate, habitat and landscape changes, water availability and quality, land use and other anthropogenic impacts, the provenance of materials and commercial networks to promote the application of Ostracoda in geoarchaeology/environmental archaeology.
Orai2 channel regulates prostaglandin E2 production in TNFα/IL1α‐stimulated astrocytes
Authors: Nakajima Hiroki , Fujita Sayaka , Kakae Masashi , Nagayasu Kazuki , Oh‐hora Masatsugu , Shirakawa Hisashi , Kaneko Shuji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAstrocytes are glial cells that serve homeostatic functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent research, however, suggests that under pathological conditions, astrocytes are stimulated by various factors and actively participate in CNS inflammation. In the present study, we found that astrocytes upregulate various inflammatory factors including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by co‐stimulation with tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα) and interleukin‐1alpha (IL1α). These TNFα/IL1α‐stimulated astrocytes also showed increased Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and increased expression of Orai2, a member of the store‐operated calcium channel (SOCC) family. To reveal the role of Orai2, we used astrocytes in which Orai2 was knocked‐down (KD) or knocked‐out (KO). The expression of the prostaglandin E synthase Ptges and the production of PGE2 were higher in Orai2‐KD astrocytes than in WT astrocytes when stimulated with TNFα and IL1α. Orai2‐KO astrocytes also showed increased expression of Ptges and increased PGE2 production. The expression of Ptgs2, another PGE2 synthetic enzyme, was also upregulated in Orai2‐KO astrocytes. Moreover, Orai2‐KO astrocytes showed increased store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE) and increased Orai1 expression. These results suggest that Orai2 is upregulated in TNFα/IL1α‐stimulated astrocytes and reduces PGE2 production to some extent, modulating CNS inflammation. Our findings may aid in understanding how astrocytes are associated with inflammatory responses, and the identification of new targets that modulate astrocytic reactivity.
Increasing nodal vulnerability and nodal efficiency implied recovery time prolonging in patients with supplementary motor area syndrome
Authors: Fang Shengyu , Li Lianwang , Weng Shimeng , Zhang Zhong , Fan Xing , Jiang Tao , Wang Yinyan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSupplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a surgery‐related complication that commonly occurs after removing SMA glioma, and needs weeks to recover. However, susceptible factors of patients suffering from SMA syndrome remain unknown. Graphic theory was applied to reveal topological properties of sensorimotor network (SMN) by processing resting‐state functional magnetic resonance images in 66 patients with SMA gliomas. Patients were classified into SMA and non‐SMA groups based on whether they suffered from SMA syndrome. We collected recovery time and used causal mediation analysis to find association between topological properties and recovery time. Compared with the non‐SMA group, higher vulnerability (left: p = .0018; right: p = .0033) and lower fault tolerance (left: p = .0022; right: p = .0248) of the whole SMN were found in the SMA group. Moreover, higher nodal properties of lesional‐hemispheric cingulate cortex (nodal efficiency: left, p = .0389; right, p = .0169; nodal vulnerability: left, p = .0185; right, p = .0085) and upper limb region of primary motor cortex (PMC; nodal efficiency: left, p = .0132; right, p = .0001; nodal vulnerability: left, p = .0091; right, p = .0209) were found in the SMA group. Nodal efficiency and nodal vulnerability of cingulate cortex and upper limb region of PMC were important predictors for SMA syndrome occurring and recovery time prolonging. Neurosurgeons should carefully deal with upper limb region of PMC and cingulate cortex, and protect them if these two region were unnecessary to damage during SMA glioma resection.
Use of funded multicenter prospective longitudinal databases to inform clinical trials in rare diseases—Examination of cholestatic liver disease in Alagille syndrome
Authors: Shneider Benjamin L. , Kamath Binita M. , Magee John C. , Goodrich Nathan P. , Loomes Kathleen M. , Ye Wen , Spino Cathie , Alonso Estella M. , Molleston Jean P. , Bezerra Jorge A. , Wang Kasper S. , Karpen Saul J. , Horslen Simon P. , Guthery Stephen L. , Rosenthal Philip , Squires Robert H. , Sokol Ronald J. ,   for the Childhood Liver Disease Research Network (ChiLDReN)
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The conduct of long‐term conventional randomized clinical trials in rare diseases is very difficult, making evidenced‐based drug development problematic. As a result, real‐world data/evidence are being used more frequently to assess new therapeutic approaches in orphan diseases. In this investigation, inclusion and exclusion criteria from a published trial of maralixibat in Alagille syndrome (ALGS, ITCH NCT02057692) were applied to a prospective longitudinal cohort of children with cholestasis (LOGIC NCT00571272) to derive contextual comparator data for evolving clinical trials of intestinal bile acid transport inhibitors in ALGS. A natural history/clinical care cohort of 59 participants who met adapted inclusion and exclusion criteria of ITCH was identified from 252 LOGIC participants with ALGS with their native liver. Frequency weighting was used to match the age distribution of ITCH and yielded a cohort (Alagille Syndrome Natural History [ALGS NH]) that was very similar to the baseline status of ITCH participants. During a 2‐year prospective follow‐up there was a significant reduction in pruritus in the weighted ALGS NH cohort as assessed by the clinician scratch score (−1.43 [0.28] −1.99, −0.87; mean [SEM] 95% confidence interval). During the same time period, the total bilirubin, albumin, and alanine aminotransferase levels were unchanged, whereas platelet count dropped significantly (−65.2 [16.2] −98.3, −32.1). Weighted survival with native liver was 91% at 2 years in the ALGS NH. These investigations provide valuable real‐world data that can serve as contextual comparators to current clinical trials, especially those without control populations, and highlight the value and importance of funded multicenter, prospective, natural history studies.
The co‐occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes between dogs and their owners in families
Authors: Zhao Ruonan , Hao Jie , Yang Jintao , Tong Cuihong , Xie Longfei , Xiao Danyu , Zeng Zhenling , Xiong Wenguang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe intimate relationship between humans and companion animals causes a unique and critical aspect of antimicrobial resistance in humans. However, a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial resistance between companion animals and their owners is lacking. Here, we chose 13 owned dogs and 16 owners as well as 22 kennel dogs to analyze the effect of an intimate relationship between owned dogs and owners on their gut microbiome, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and study the correlation of antimicrobial resistance between dogs and their owners in families by metagenomics. Dog gut microbiota had a higher abundance and diversity of ARGs while owners had a higher diversity of taxonomy. In the owned dog gut microbial community, ARG and MGE compositions were significantly more similar to the owner's gut microbiota than those of others. From the perspective of families, there was a strong correlation between macrolide resistance genes between dogs and their owners. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the correlation of ARGs between dogs and their owners at a community‐wide level. These findings can alarm the use of antibiotics in companion animals, which implies the potential to harbor antimicrobial resistance and threaten public health.
Automatic Time‐Resolved Cardiovascular Segmentation of 4D Flow MRI Using Deep Learning
Authors: Bustamante Mariana , Viola Federica , Engvall Jan , Carlhäll Carl‐Johan , Ebbers Tino 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundSegmenting the whole heart over the cardiac cycle in 4D flow MRI is a challenging and time‐consuming process, as there is considerable motion and limited contrast between blood and tissue.PurposeTo develop and evaluate a deep learning‐based segmentation method to automatically segment the cardiac chambers and great thoracic vessels from 4D flow MRI.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsA total of 205 subjects, including 40 healthy volunteers and 165 patients with a variety of cardiac disorders were included. Data were randomly divided into training (n = 144), validation (n = 20), and testing (n = 41) sets.Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T/time‐resolved velocity encoded 3D gradient echo sequence (4D flow MRI).AssessmentA 3D neural network based on the U‐net architecture was trained to segment the four cardiac chambers, aorta, and pulmonary artery. The segmentations generated were compared to manually corrected atlas‐based segmentations. End‐diastolic (ED) and end‐systolic (ES) volumes of the four cardiac chambers were calculated for both segmentations.Statistical testsDice score, Hausdorff distance, average surface distance, sensitivity, precision, and miss rate were used to measure segmentation accuracy. Bland–Altman analysis was used to evaluate agreement between volumetric parameters.ResultsThe following evaluation metrics were computed: mean Dice score (0.908 ± 0.023) (mean ± SD), Hausdorff distance (1.253 ± 0.293 mm), average surface distance (0.466 ± 0.136 mm), sensitivity (0.907 ± 0.032), precision (0.913 ± 0.028), and miss rate (0.093 ± 0.032). Bland–Altman analyses showed good agreement between volumetric parameters for all chambers. Limits of agreement as percentage of mean chamber volume (LoA%), left ventricular: 9.3%, 13.5%, left atrial: 12.4%, 16.9%, right ventricular: 9.9%, 15.6%, and right atrial: 18.7%, 14.4%; for ED and ES, respectively.Data conclusionThe addition of this technique to the 4D flow MRI assessment pipeline could expedite and improve the utility of this type of acquisition in the clinical setting.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 1
Longer length of stay, days between discharge/first readmission, and pulmonary involvement ≥50% increase prevalence of admissions in ICU in unplanned readmissions after COVID‐19 hospitalizations
Authors: Peixoto Sarah G. , Wolf Jonas M. , Glaeser Andressa B. , Maccari Juçara G. , Nasi Luiz A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHospital readmissions due to COVID‐19 are one of the main concerns for the health system due to risks to the patient's life and increased use of health resources. Studies focusing on this issue are important to understand the risk factors and create strategies to avoid readmissions. We evaluated the readmission of patients with confirmed COVID‐19 in a private hospital in southern Brazil, between March 2020 and 2021. Also, the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and nonadmitted were compared. Poisson regression models with prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were applied to confirm the association between variables and ICU admission. Of the 2084 hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, 1806 were discharged alive. Among them, 106 were readmitted for unplanned reasons during one year. Early hospital readmission (≤30 days) occurred in 52.8% of the cases. The main reasons were respiratory, gastroenterological, kidney, and cardiac disease. The median age was 73.0 years old and women correspond to 52.8%. The presence of at least one comorbidity was detected in 87.7% of patients. Hypertension, diabetes, cardiac, and lung disease were more frequent. The ICU admitted patients (n = 43; 40.5%) mostly had 4–5 comorbidities, pulmonary involvement ≥50%, length of stay (LOS), and days between discharge and first readmission. Longer LOS (PR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.24–5.67), days between discharge/first readmission (PR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.15–5.88), and pulmonary involvement (≥50%; PR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.11–3.54) were independently associated with ICU admission. Longer LOS, longer days between discharge/first readmission, and pulmonary involvement (≥50%) were associated with ICU admission in readmitted patients. Readmissions evaluation is pivotal and may help in ensuring safe care transition and postdischarge follow‐up.