bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The entombed lives – the experience of sibling abortion under China’s One-Child Policy
Authors: Liu Ying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Drawing on the author’s own experience, this paper explores the rarely researched experience of sibling abortion under China’s One-Child Policy through a psychodynamic lens. The author uses writing as a method of inquiry to delve into the emotional impact of losing a younger brother to abortion due to the One-Child Policy and to dialogue with relevant psychodynamic literature on loss and grief. The main body of this paper consists of three separate yet interrelated sections. In the first section, drawing on the concept of The Dead Mother, the author explores the possible impact of her mother’s bereavement of a second child on the author’s emotional life in her formative years. The second section draws on psychodynamic literature on melancholia to understand how the lost life of an aborted brother is kept alive in the author’s psyche and the ambivalence this brings to the author’s psychical world. The third section is an analysis of the first two sections, constructing an understanding of the missing psychosocial elements in the first two sections. This paper gives voice to the longing and mourning brought by sibling abortion under the One-Child Policy, presenting the author’s process of trying to understand such experiences and attempt to understand the personal and the psychical under the influence of the political.
Currere
Authors: Garcia Maria , Masterson Jessica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter we discuss how currere can support research in Applied Linguistics
(AL). We examine studies where currere or a similar approach has been used as a research method in
Applied Linguistics. Citing these studies, we discuss how they can be used as examples for future
currere-based AL research. Following that discussion, we also provide guidance about
considerations that researchers should be aware of before choosing currere as their research
approach. This discussion will help guide AL researchers in using currere in the different stages of a
currere-based AL research project. Lastly, we address affordances, limitations, and ethical
considerations of using currere in AL research, especially within studies that examine power dynamics
used within language. Additionally, we provide guidance on how to use currere in studies where there
is a larger group of participants.
When children don’t learn to read
Authors: Jack-Malik Sandra , Kuhnke Janet L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Children who learn to read fluently are more likely to experience academic success. Many
youngsters however fail to meet literacy, learning outcomes. This chapter describes a study involving children in
grade three, labelled as struggling readers. Using narrative inquiry as the research methodology, we worked in
partnership with the principal and classroom teacher to co-design a study including a structured literacy
intervention. Narrative inquiry methodology was utilized because it supports the collection of rich data (stories).
Using the narrative inquiry framework of commonplaces: temporality, sociality and place, the research was designed,
lived out, analyzed, and reported. The methodology also provided a framework for dealing with ethical challenges
encountered. Our goal was to come alongside children, families and teachers through time to deepen understandings of
how they experienced learning to read and reading remediation. We were interested in understanding efforts to shift
away from struggling reader identity stories. Included is an overall narrative of the study and participant and
researcher stories. Furthermore, researcher and participant artwork and artifacts are embedded because they provide
nuances beyond words on the page. We attended a First Nation’s in-community school, two mornings per week over
five-months. Our plan had been to conduct the research over a two-year period, following the children from grade three
to four. The plan, however, was interrupted by the global pandemic and related restrictions on school access.
Pivoting physics labs online
Authors: Varney C N , Seals S R , Wade A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic forced introductory lab courses to shift to an online format. This implementation involved a shift in emphasis in learning goals towards transferable lab skills and involved a range of activities, including PhET simulations, video data collection, analysis of data sets, and open-ended free response conceptual questions. In this study, we examined student perceptions of aspects of the online lab activities and learning outcomes. We find that synchronous attendance is more likely to produce positive learning outcomes and that activities associated with data analysis are perceived to be more difficult. We discuss structural flaws with the learning management systems that can exacerbate student perceptions.
Modeling of microstructure and microsegregation evolution in solidification of ternary alloys
Authors: Yu Qiannan , Hu Mengdan , Wu Jinyi , Sun Dongke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The microstructure formed during solidification has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of materials. In this study, a two-dimensional (2D) cellular automaton (CA)-finite difference (FD)-CALPHAD model was developed to simulate the formation of microstructure and solute segregation in the solidification processes of ternary alloys. In the model, dendritic growth is simulated using the CA technique, while solute diffusion is solved by the FD method, and the CALPHAD method is employed to calculate thermodynamic phase equilibrium during solidification. The CA-FD-CALPHAD coupled model is capable of reproducing the evolution of continuous nucleation and growth of grains as well as the evolution of the microstructure and solute distribution during solidification of ternary alloys. In this study, Al-Zn-Mg ternary alloy is taken as an example to simulate the growth of equiaxed and columnar grains and the columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) under different solidification conditions. The simulation results are compared with experimental data from the literature, showing a good agreement. Besides, the study also investigates the evolution of temperature and multicomponent solute fields during solidification and the effects of alloy composition and cooling rate on the microstructure morphology. The results reveal that the initial alloy composition and cooling rate significantly affect dendritic morphology and solute segregation. Higher initial alloy concentrations promote the growth of side branches in equiaxed grains, leading to more pronounced solute segregation between dendrites. As the cooling rate increases, the average grain size of the equiaxed grains decreases accordingly. Additionally, a higher cooling rate accelerates the columnar-to-equiaxed transition, leading to a finer grain structure.
Design and Preparation of Amorphous Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Copper
Authors: Ren Xiaona , Wu Wentao , Chen Zhipei , Ge Changchun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced copper (CNTs/Cu) is one of the most promising and extensively researched materials for replacing traditional Cu-based materials in high-load and high-current applications, particularly within the aerospace industry. Amorphous carbon nanotubes (aCNTs) are a type of carbon nanotubes characterized by the presence of mesopores distributed across their amorphous sidewalls, facilitating connectivity between the hollow core and the external environment. Therefore, we propose utilizing aCNTs as a reinforcing agent for Cu. The mesoporous structure of aCNTs facilitates the interpenetration of Cu into the aCNTs, thereby maintaining the continuity of the matrix properties. Experimental results demonstrate that Cu effectively penetrates the mesoporous sidewalls of aCNTs. Both pure Cu and aCNTs-reinforced Cu exhibit comparable electrical conductivity, while the hardness of the aCNTs/Cu composite is significantly enhanced. Additionally, both the density and porosity of aCNTs/Cu are lower than those of pure Cu, and the introduction of aCNTs helps to reduce the sintering temperature.
Development of the mental models of wave and particle as basis for wave-particle duality
Authors: Ockhorst Rutger , Pols Freek 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wave-particle duality is included in many secondary school and university physics curricula as a concept central to quantum physics. The very term wave-particle duality suggests that a firm grasp of the individual classical concepts of wave and particle is crucial to studying quantum mechanics successfully. This raises the question whether students’ mental models of these concepts are sufficiently addressed and developed prior to the teaching of wave-particle duality. We explored Dutch upper secondary school students’ mental models of waves and particles using a short questionnaire. It was administered to a total of 147 students from two different groups. One group consisted of secondary school students prior to receiving formal education in introductory quantum mechanics while students from the other group had recently completed the Dutch national curriculum for pre-university education, which includes wave-particle duality. Our findings support the notion that students model classical particles and waves as mutually exclusive phenomena. Mental models of wave-particle duality, which require mixing the two classical models, appear to be only superficially developed. Our findings open avenues for future research on students’ mental models of waves and particles as basis for wave-particle duality.
Physics Kaleidoscope: From simple tools to inspirative physics education
Authors: Juhásová Antónia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is a challenge to engage and develop the talents of lower secondary school students who have minimal knowledge of physics but are interested in why and how the world around them works. By making physical toys and conducting simple experiments with readily available materials, students are introduced to selected physical phenomena through play. In the physics club, we discuss physical principle and look for answers to curious questions. A great advantage for the pupils is that they can present their own toys and explain their physical nature to their parents and siblings. Every year, new exhibits are added to the physics club gallery, which motivates the followers. This paper is not a research study but has a focus as an innovative programme for motivating students to learn Physics.
Interdisciplinary Lesson Study in Italian High School focused on energy transformations
Authors: Giuseppina Adesso Maria , Capone Roberto , Fiore Oriana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research focuses on the educational experiment of Interdisciplinary Lesson Study, carried out with 15-year-old students in Italy on the energy transformations. The teaching was carried out following the IBSE model of 5E and involving teachers from several disciplines. The theoretical lens used to read the data is the Lotman’s idea of Semiosphere revisited in the educational context. It seems that collaborative teaching processes make teachers aware that asymmetry between disciplines can be an engine of knowledge. Moreover, these processes can also improve teaching disciplinary actions.
School - University collaboration to train teachers on new topics and new tools in physics education
Authors: Serio Marina , Piccione Andrea , Marino Tommaso , Marocchi D , Alessandra Massa Anna , Rinaudo Marta , Luca Ruggiero Matteo , Scalzo Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In-service teacher training must ensure professional development based on both disciplinary and pedagogical research, taking advantage of collaboration between different training and institutional agencies. In this article we will talk about a collaborative experience among different training partners, to increase teachers’ interest in new tools and learning environments. We use different kinds of training sessions to introduce innovative didactic methodologies for teaching and learning involving both university research staff and secondary school teachers. The training project has planned a series of five meetings, divided into a seminar and a laboratorial part on the following topics: new didactic technologies, weather data processing, space missions, image processing, and modern physics. The laboratorial workshops were centered on applications that can be integrated into civic education and dual training. The meetings, followed by a hundred teachers, formed a design basis for the initial teacher training courses that will be activated from 2024 by the Italian Universities.
Using a Mn-incorporated FeOOH co-catalyst for improved water oxidation activity for BiVO4 photoelectrodes
Authors: Xue Kehui , Yu Lianqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The commercial development of photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices for the conversion of solar power into sustainable fuels is contingent upon the development of efficacious photoelectrodes. However, sluggish surface water oxidation kinetics of BiVO4 constrained the overall PEC water splitting efficiencies. Herein, we reported a Mn-incorporated FeOOH co-catalyst loaded BiVO4 photoelectrode (Mn:FeOOH/BiVO4). The combination of Mn and FeOOH on BiVO4 can boost the carrier transfer efficiency. And it can also promote the interfacial reaction kinetics. A preeminent current density of 3.88 mA·cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE was recorded on Mn:FeOOH/BiVO4 composite photoanode. A ηsurface of 81.9% and a ηbulk of 77.3% are reached at 1.23 VRHE. This work can be an inspiration for the reasonable design of highly efficient photoelectrodes for the feasible harvesting of solar power.
Effect of Electrolyte on Carbon Dioxide Reduction of Silver Electrocatalyst
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Xing Zheyuan , Wang Zhaojie , Lu Xiaoqing , Wei Baojun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Large amounts of CO2 have disrupted the natural carbon cycle. CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an effective strategy to reduce high concentration of CO2. Currently, the design of cathode catalyst is widespread to promote CO2RR. However, the effect of electrolyte on the catalytic reaction is fuzzy. Hence, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized conveniently by a one-pot method was used to study the effects of different electrolytes on activity and selectivity in CO2RR. 0.1 M NaHCO3, KHCO3 and KCl as electrolytes were applied into CO2RR. Efficient CO2RR performances are exposed to three electrolytes. The results show that the 0.1 M KHCO3 is the optimal choice with the maximum catalytic activity and CO selectivity over 80%, which is better than many of the reports. Meanwhile, high concentration of KHCO3 enhances the activity but poisons the active site with the weaken selectivity. This research affords a direction for acquainting oneself with the electrolyte and CO2RR to exploit the new energy.
Spikes in UK wildfire emissions driven by peatland fires in dry years
Authors: Baker Sarah J , Perry Matthew C , Betts Richard A , Schoenecker Johanna , Pellegrini Adam F A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wildfires on peatlands can nearly double global fire-driven carbon emissions, requiring centuries to re-sequester carbon (C) losses. Peatland fires require sufficiently hot, dry conditions and/or drainage for the peat to burn. Although these conditions have historically been infrequent, the warming and drying climate could increase the potential for wildfires and subsequent emissions. Here, we evaluate how climate change impacts peatland fire emissions by using the United Kingdom as a case study—where peatlands store an estimated 3.2 PgC. We use a fire emission model to quantify fire-driven C emissions using high-resolution land-surface data and fire-weather indices. Between 2001 and 2021, we estimate 0.8 TgC has been emitted from fires on peatlands, which can contribute up to 90% of total annual UK fire-driven C emissions. Consequently, protecting peatlands from fires in the UK would be a cost-effective way to slow climate change by avoiding future emissions. Peatland emissions spike during prominent dry years, implicating the inter-annual climate as a dominant driver of year-to-year variability. Integrating future climate projections suggests that a 2 °C global warming level could increase fire-driven C emissions in peatlands by over 60% solely via increased burn depths. Our findings are likely a bellwether for other temperate peatlands where climate change is leading to drier conditions, which increase burn depths and C emissions.
Research on the performance of the air processing system for commercial vehicles based on a multidimensional co-simulation
Authors: He Shuilong , Xiao Fei , Wang Jiahan , Tang Tao , Li Jun , Chen Chongshan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The air processing system plays a crucial role in the safe operation of vehicles. However, due to the complex spatial layout of the air processing system in commercial vehicles and the combined effects of its parameters, accurately characterizing and evaluating its performance remains highly challenging. This paper proposes a multidimensional co-simulation approach for the air processing system of commercial vehicles. Firstly, a three-dimensional (3D) pipe model is constructed to simulate the gas flow within the pipes of the air processing system. Secondly, a one-dimensional (1D) pipe model is established as a bridge for the multidimensional co-simulation. The 1D and 3D models can achieve strong coupling through data interaction. Subsequently, a co-simulation model of the complete air processing system is built. Finally, the co-simulation model is validated, and research and analysis are conducted on the factors affecting the performance of the air processing system in commercial vehicles based on the validated model. The validation results indicate that the co-simulation model exhibits high accuracy. Compared with the traditional 1D model, the co-simulation model not only has the similar fast-simulation capability but also reduces the error in temperature simulation by approximately 7%. The research findings show that increasing the inner diameter and length of the pipes can decrease the inlet temperature of the air processing unit, and increasing the pressure difference of unloading and regeneration control can enhance the system's regeneration rate. This study provides engineering reference value for enhancing the stability and safety of vehicle braking systems.
Retrieval Augmented Medical Diagnosis System
Authors: Johnson Ethan Thomas , Bande Jathin Koushal , Thomas Johnson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Subjective variability in human interpretation of diagnostic imaging presents significant clinical limitations, potentially resulting in diagnostic errors and increased healthcare costs. While artificial intelligence algorithms offer promising solutions to reduce interpreter subjectivity, they frequently demonstrate poor generalizability across different healthcare settings. To address these issues, we introduce Retrieval Augmented Medical Diagnosis System (RAMDS), which integrates an AI classification model with a similar image model. This approach retrieves historical cases and their diagnoses to provide context for the AI predictions. By weighing similar image diagnoses alongside AI predictions, RAMDS produces a final weighted prediction, aiding physicians in understanding the diagnosis process. Moreover, RAMDS does not require complete retraining when applied to new datasets; rather, it simply necessitates re-calibration of the weighing system. When RAMDS fine-tuned for negative predictive value was evaluated on breast ultrasounds for cancer classification, RAMDS improved sensitivity by 21% and negative predictive value by 9% compared to ResNet-34. Offering enhanced metrics, explainability, and adaptability, RAMDS represents a notable advancement in medical AI. RAMDS is a new approach in medical AI that has the potential for pan-pathological uses, though further research is needed to optimize its performance and integrate multimodal data.
Activation of XBP1s attenuates disease severity in models of proteotoxic Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1B
Authors: Touvier Thierry , Veneri Francesca A , Claessens Anke , Ferri Cinzia , Mastrangelo Rosa , Sorgiati Noémie , Bianchi Francesca , Valenzano Serena , Del Carro Ubaldo , Rivellini Cristina , Duong Phu , Shy Michael E , Kelly Jeffery W , Svaren John , Wiseman R Luke , D’Antonio Maurizio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mutations in myelin protein zero (MPZ) are generally associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1B (CMT1B) disease, one of the most common forms of demyelinating neuropathy. Pathogenesis of some MPZ mutants, such as S63del and R98C, involves the misfolding and retention of MPZ in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of myelinating Schwann cells. To cope with proteotoxic ER-stress, Schwann cells mount an unfolded protein response (UPR) characterized by activation of the PERK, ATF6 and IRE1α/XBP1 pathways. Previous results showed that targeting the PERK UPR pathway mitigates neuropathy in mouse models of CMT1B; however, the contributions of other UPR pathways in disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood.
Here, we probe the importance of the IRE1α/XBP1 signalling during normal myelination and in CMT1B. In response to ER stress, IRE1α is activated to stimulate the non-canonical splicing of Xbp1 mRNA to generate spliced Xbp1 (Xbp1s). This results in the increased expression of the adaptive transcription factor XBP1s, which regulates the expression of genes involved in diverse pathways including ER proteostasis. We generated mouse models where Xbp1 is deleted specifically in Schwann cells, preventing XBP1s activation in these cells. We observed that Xbp1 is dispensable for normal developmental myelination, myelin maintenance and remyelination after injury. However, Xbp1 deletion dramatically worsens the hypomyelination and the electrophysiological and locomotor parameters observed in young and adult CMT1B neuropathic animals. RNAseq analysis suggested that XBP1s exerts its adaptive function in CMT1B mouse models in large part via the induction of ER proteostasis genes. Accordingly, the exacerbation of the neuropathy in Xbp1 deficient mice was accompanied by upregulation of ER-stress pathways and of IRE1-mediated RIDD signaling in Schwann cells, suggesting that the activation of XBP1s via IRE1 plays a critical role in limiting mutant protein toxicity and that this toxicity cannot be compensated by other stress responses. Schwann cell specific overexpression of XBP1s partially re-established Schwann cell proteostasis and attenuated CMT1B severity in both the S63del and R98C mouse models. In addition, the selective, pharmacologic activation of IRE1α/XBP1 signaling ameliorated myelination in S63del dorsal root ganglia explants.
Collectively, these data show that XBP1 has an essential adaptive role in different models of proteotoxic CMT1B neuropathy and suggest that activation of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway may represent a therapeutic avenue in CMT1B and possibly for other neuropathies characterized by UPR activation.