bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usage of sorbents for diminishing the negative impact of substances leaking into the environment in car accidents
Authors: Marková Iveta , Kubás Jozef , Buganová Katarína , Ristvej Jozef 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCar accidents are often accompanied by dangerous substances leaking into the environment. A proper reaction to the leaking substances, utilizing appropriate sorbents, is necessary for diminishing the negative impact of such events. Sorbents as substances of initial intervention in car accidents (as well as industrial and ecological accidents) are a crucial tool for solving crises connected with dangerous substances escaping into the environment. The risk resulting from the given realities is described in detail in the introduction of the article.The goalThe goal is describing elements of crisis management in dangerous substance leakage and an analysis of sorption resources for quick and efficient interception of leaking substances, water, ethanol, oil, and gasoline in particular, as a reaction to such events.MethodsThe quality of a sorption resource is determined by a parameter called the sorption capacity, which has been established according to the ASTM F716-18 standard. Loose nature-based sorbents (peat) and synthetic silicate-based SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and polypropylene-based ones were observed. The research has been realized on a water, oil, gasoline, and ethanol sorbate. Each experiment was repeated three timesThe resultsThe results attest to the diversity of sorption capacity in comparing nature-based, silicate-based, and polypropylene-based sorption materials. The highest sorption capacity values were reached with the Sorb 4 sample, which is based on 66% of silica and 18% of alumina. The stated ratio is important, because the Sorb 3 sample contains 85% of silica and 6% of alumina and its absorption capacity values are significantly lower.
Joint exposure to outdoor ambient air pollutants and incident chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study with 90,032 older adults
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Shao Xian , Jiang Xi , Liu Xiaojie , Bai Pufei , Lin Yao , Chen Jiamian , Hou Fang , Cui Zhuang , Zhang Yourui , Lu Chunlan , Liu Hao , Zhou Saijun , Yu Pei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThere is paucity of studies to investigate the association between combined and long-term exposure to air pollution and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older adults.MethodsA prospective cohort of 90,032 older adults who did not have CKD at baseline were followed up from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Various pollutant data, including particulate matter with diameters ≤ 2.5 mm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 mm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO), from all monitoring stations in Binhai New Area, Tianjin were considered in calculating the mean exposure concentration of each pollutant over 2 years. By summing each pollutant concentration weighted by the regression coefficients, we developed an air pollution score that assesses the combined exposure of these air pollutants. Due to the strong correlation between air pollutants, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) score was also developed. The association between air pollutants and incident CKD in the elderly was analyzed.ResultsA total of 90,032 subjects participated in this study with a median follow-up of 545 days. Among them, 22,336 (24.8%) developed CKD. The HR (95% CI) for air pollution score and incidence of CKD was 1.062 (1.060-1.063) and p &lt;0.001 after adjusting for all confounders. The adjusted HRs for the quartile subgroups of combined air pollution score were: Q2: 1.064 (1.013–1.117); Q3: 1.141 (1.088–1.198); and Q4: 3.623 (3.482–3.770), respectively (p for trend &lt;0.001). The adjusted HRs for the quartile subgroups of air quality index (AQI) were: Q2: 1.035 (0.985–1.086); Q3: 1.145 (1.091–1.201); and Q4: 3.603 (3.463–3.748), respectively (p for trend &lt;0.001). When the risk score was over 86.9, it significantly rose in a steep curve. The subgroup analysis showed that male, younger or exercise were more likely to develop CKD.ConclusionCombined air pollution score, AQI, and PCA score were associated with an increased risk of CKD in an exposure-response relationship. Our current results might also provide evidence for developing environmental protection policies.
Handball-specific loading acutely reduces the acromiohumeral distance in experienced handball players and in non-handball experienced athletes
Authors: Rentz Carolin , Legerlotz Kirsten 
Published: September 2022

ContextWhen playing handball, the preservation of the subacromial space, which can be quantified by the acromiohumeral distance (AHD), plays a crucial role for shoulder health of handball players. Acute effects of handball-specific loading on the subacromial space with consideration of individual adaptions resulting from long-term handball-specific loading experience have yet to be determined in order to prevent injuries such as e. g. an impingement of the supraspinatus tendon.ObjectiveTo (1) assess the acute effects of handball-specific loading on the AHD in healthy experienced handball players (HB) and non-handball experienced athletes (CG) and (2) to assess the AHD behavior in relation to individual intrinsic factors to identify possible risk factors and the effect of handball-specific experience associated adaptations.Participants20 HB (10m; 10f) and 20 CG (10m; 10f); 24 ± 5 years.InterventionHandball-specific loading protocol.Main outcome measuresThe AHD was measured by ultrasonography at 0° and 60° abduction pre and post intervention. Isometric shoulder strength was measured with hand-held dynamometry. Shoulder range of motion (ROM) was measured with goniometry.ResultsHandball-specific loading led to significantly reduced AHD in the dominant shoulder in the 60° abducted position in both groups (HB: −1.7 ± 2.0 mm; p = 0.001, d = 0.69; CG: −1.1 ± 2.0 mm; p = 0.024, d = 0.37) and in the non-dominant shoulder in 0° (−0.7 ± 1.5 mm; p = 0.038, d = 0.35) and 60° abducted position (−1.3 ± 1.8 mm; p = 0.004, d = 0.69) in HB only. Handball-specific loading enhanced AHD reduction when elevating the shoulder from 0° to 60° in both groups and arms. Larger shoulder abduction strength affected the maintenance of the AHD positively. HB demonstrated less shoulder strength compared to CG, while ROM did not differ.ConclusionsHandball-specific loading can affect the ability to preserve the subacromial space which might put handball players at risk for shoulder injuries. Poor shoulder strength can aggravate this mechanism. Therefore, implementation of strengthening exercises of the external rotator and abductor muscles in the training schedule may improve shoulder health of handball players.
Autonomous surgical robotic systems and the liability dilemma
Authors: Jamjoom Aimun A.B. , Jamjoom Ammer M.A. , Thomas Jeffrey P. , Palmisciano Paolo , Kerr Karen , Collins Justin W. , Vayena Effy , Stoyanov Danail , Marcus Hani J. ,   The iRobotSurgeon Collaboration
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAdvances in machine learning and robotics have allowed the development of increasingly autonomous robotic systems which are able to make decisions and learn from experience. This distribution of decision-making away from human supervision poses a legal challenge for determining liability.MethodsThe iRobotSurgeon survey aimed to explore public opinion towards the issue of liability with robotic surgical systems. The survey included five hypothetical scenarios where a patient comes to harm and the respondent needs to determine who they believe is most responsible: the surgeon, the robot manufacturer, the hospital, or another party.ResultsA total of 2,191 completed surveys were gathered evaluating 10,955 individual scenario responses from 78 countries spanning 6 continents. The survey demonstrated a pattern in which participants were sensitive to shifts from fully surgeon-controlled scenarios to scenarios in which robotic systems played a larger role in decision-making such that surgeons were blamed less. However, there was a limit to this shift with human surgeons still being ascribed blame in scenarios of autonomous robotic systems where humans had no role in decision-making. Importantly, there was no clear consensus among respondents where to allocate blame in the case of harm occurring from a fully autonomous system.ConclusionsThe iRobotSurgeon Survey demonstrated a dilemma among respondents on who to blame when harm is caused by a fully autonomous surgical robotic system. Importantly, it also showed that the surgeon is ascribed blame even when they have had no role in decision-making which adds weight to concerns that human operators could act as “moral crumple zones” and bear the brunt of legal responsibility when a complex autonomous system causes harm.
Treatment of three-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy using ACDF or a combination of ACDF and ACCF
Authors: Tian Xiaoming , Zhao Hongwei , Han Felicity Y. , Rudd Samuel , Li Zhaohui , Ding Wenyuan , Yang Sidong 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to compare the outcomes between two anterior decompression and fusion techniques to treat multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM).MethodsAfter the screening for eligibility, a total of 66 patients were admitted to this study. These participants underwent anterior surgeries due to MCSM in our hospital between June 2016 and July 2018. All participants underwent either the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery (ACDF group) or the combination of ACDF and anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF), which was the anterior cervical hybrid decompression and fusion (ACHDF) surgery group. All the patients were followed up ≥18 months, the average latest followed up time was 23.64 (±2.69) months. The length of hospitalization, operation time, blood loss, visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, improvement rate, Hounsfield units (HU) of C3–C7, cobb angle, and anterior column height of fusion levels pre and post operation were analyzed.ResultsThere were no statistical differences between the ACDF and ACHDF groups regarding the length of hospitalization, operation time, blood loss, HU of C3–C7, VAS, JOA score, improvement rate, cobb angle, and anterior column height in fusion levels in pre-operation and 3 months after operation (all P &gt; 0.05). However, compared with the ACHDF group, the ACDF group achieved significantly better improvement in the anterior column height of fusion levels in the final 18–29 months post-operatively (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsBoth approaches of ACDF alone and a combination of ACDF and ACCF can achieve satisfactory outcomes in the treatment of MCSM, but ACDF has better outcomes in maintaining anterior column height of fusion levels.
Characteristics of Oil Body Development and the Cloning and Expression Analysis of PDAT Genes in Eucommia ulmoides
Authors: Zhong Jian , Qing Jun , Liu Chenlu , Wang Qi , Du Hongyan , Liu Panfeng , Du Lanying , Wang Lu , Du Qingxin 
Published: September 2022

Studies in multiple species have shown that phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) and oil bodies are important factors affecting plant oil accumulation. However, little information is available about the PDAT genes and oil bodies in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. a high-quality oil tree. In this study, the oil bodies in Eucommia ulmoides seeds at different developmental stages were observed by frozen section technology combined with Nile red staining. It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between oil content and oil body number. In addition, seven Eucommia ulmoides PDAT (EuPDAT) genes were cloned from Eucommia ulmoides seeds based on genome data. They were assembled into three subgroups according to their classifications in Arabidopsis. EuPDAT genes in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Putative cis-element analysis of EuPDAT gene promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to stress and plant hormones response. The expression patterns showed that EuPDAT2 and EuPDAT7 expression levels were positively related to oil content in different periods, and the correlation coefficients were 0.78 and 0.91, respectively. Our results suggest that oil body number and EuPDAT genes are important factors affecting oil accumulation in E. ulmoides seeds, and this work provides a theoretical reference for the directional cultivation of new high-oil-content E. ulmoides varieties.
Characterization of Fortified Rice (Fortivit) and Biofortified Rice (Nutri Zinc)
Authors: Mamoriska Sonya , Gelar Hidayat Moch , G. Magda Cynthia , Yuliarti Astri , Cahyaningsih Eny , Manalu Eriel , Sambudi Sambudi , Yulia Kusuma Putri Rista 
Published: September 2022

In overcoming Iron Deficiency Anemia and stunting, the Indonesian government seeks to increase the content of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in milled rice through fortification and biofortification. Fortivit rice is rice fortification produced by BULOG. Inpari Nutri Zinc is biofortified rice grown from plant breeding by the Ministry of Agriculture, which ID Food currently produces. This study is a continuation of the IFFRI research collaboration on the Implementation and Research of Precision Agriculture in Biofortified Rice Strain. This study aimed to characterize the biofortified rice as a result of fertilization recommendations in previous studies and compare biofortified rice with fortified rice in several aspects, including micronutrient contents especially Zn, organoleptic, and production
costs. The highest Zn content of Nutri Zinc was found in the aleuron, so that the post-harvest process caused a decrease in Zn level. The differences in fertilization recommendations have an impact on the Zn content in brown rice, each layer of aleurone, and the rice endosperm. The nutritional content of Fortivit and Nutri Zinc rice was relatively the same as non-fortified/biofortified rice. The washing and cooking process caused a decrease eof about 4 percent in Zn content in fortified rice, while in biofortified rice, there was relatively no decrease. Although there was a decrease in Zn in fortified rice, overall, the Zn content was still much higher than in biofortified rice. Based on the results of the hedonic test, fortifed rice (Fortivit) was the most preferred for all sensory attributes. In biofortified rice (Nutri Zinc), respondents prefer the rice with 100 percent milling grade the most. Fortivit rice had a faster research time and a lower estimated cost in research. In the contrary, it had a higher estimated cost in production than Nutri Zinc rice. Nonetheless, the selling price of Fortivit rice is cheaper than Nutri Zinc rice on the market.
keywords: rice, fortification, biofortification, Fe, Zn
DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE THE SECURITY OF THE GAS DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
Authors: Medvedeva O. , Chilikin A. 
Published: September 2022

The limitation of gas distribution organizations (GDO) in financial resources that can be directed to continuous modernization and maintenance of gas distribution network facilities in a condition that provides the necessary level of safety requires solving an optimization problem. In turn, the task of optimizing the resources spent on carrying out the relevant activities requires the selection of criteria against which the goal of the activities will be determined and its achievement through these activities will be assessed.
An analysis of the indicators of the level of reliability and quality of services provided in the production and transmission of heat and electricity indicates the following differences in the range of indicators. The obtained results of the analysis make it possible to collect the required initial data on the actual values of the desired indicator for a certain period and develop a mechanism for managing the costs of gas distribution companies to ensure the required level of security of gas distribution networks.
The article proposes a methodology for planning work on modernization, overhaul and reconstruction of gas distribution network facilities, taking into account the safety indicator based on the value of the failure rate parameter for various types/types of facilities and their actual technical condition. Ensuring the reliability of the gas distribution network, taking into account the actual technical condition of the gas distribution network facilities, the GDO will equally ensure the safety of the gas distribution network.
ФЕНОМЕН "ЗАХІДНОЇ" ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА СИМУЛЯКР ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Утюж І. , Сайтарли І. , Павленко Н. 
Published: September 2022

У статті досліджується співвідношення таких постмодерністських явищ, як глобалізація, "масовізація" та національно-економічний центризм. Зроблено висновок, що це національний економічний центризм, який є серйозною альтернативою глобалізації, тоді як проекти так званої цивілізаційної ідентичності виступають як симулякри. Однак ця альтернатива лише посилює економічну параною та зміцнює релігію комфорту в сучасних масових суспільствах. Інакше кажучи, в рамках посилення національних економік відтворюється єдина соціальна модель – масове суспільство – за рахунок відтворення тієї ж моделі збільшеного виробництва, що потребує такого ж збільшення споживання. Отже, існування іншого суспільства, протилежного суспільству споживання, просто неможливе саме по собі, тобто процес знищення людства, як здатності до афективного (лібідинального) контролю, лише зростає. Не залишилося майже ні лагідності, ні скромності, що дедалі більше загострює етичний контекст сучасних суспільних досліджень. Як видається, можна припустити, що криза лібералізму відображає, перш за все, кризу самого капіталізму, його способу організації соціального життя, який сьогодні намагається захистити себе своїми перевіреними практиками.
Тому критичну соціальну теорію у формі "теорії масового суспільства" слід загалом розглядати як окрему концептуальну соціальну модель у контексті глобалізації, яка нині посилює гомогенізацію культур у плані їх трансформації у загальну "вульгарну" чи "масову" культуру.
ОСОБИСТІСТЬ VERSUS ЗАГАЛ У ХУДОЖНІЙ РЕЦЕПЦІЇ ЛЕСІ УКРАЇНКИ
Authors: Чаплінська О. 
Published: September 2022

У статті встановлено, що важливою засадою філософії українського неоромантизму є романтична тенденція осмислення мистецтва як сакрального акту, що спроможний згуртувати і підняти на боротьбу. У статті окреслено неоромантичну модель розуміння ролі митця у процесах націєтворення. Неоромантичне трактування Лесею Українкою поета як охоронця чи опікуна духовних скарбів тяжіє до гайдеґґерівського визначення людини як пастуха буття. У створенні поетесою образів-символів простежуються дотримання принципів концепції прометеїзму, принципів індивідуалізму Ф. Ніцше, Г. Ібсена. принципу мужнього оптимізму Л. Стивенсона.
Обґрунтовано, що перебуваючи у стані конфлікту між "субстанційністю" та "зовнішнім" світом, герої "Вавилонського полону" і "Оргії" опиняються перед дилемою екзистенційного вибору подальшого вектору творчої діяльності. Й Елеазар, й Антей здійснюють вибір на користь національного обов’язку, підпорядковуючи йому творчу свободу. У художньо-філософській концепції Лесі Українки пріоритет належить концепту волі, що потрактовується на засадах шопенгаурівського волюнтаризму.
У контексті структурно-функціонального аналізу доведено, що воля функціонує на двох рівнях: по-перше, воля кожного свідомого патріота спрямовується назовні (тобто на боротьбу за визволення з-під іноземного гніту), і, по-друге, в глибину власного єства (придушення жадоби слави в серці). Погляди мисткині базовані також на ідеї, що митець спроможний змінити інертну, в-собі-сущу етнічну масу, й перетворити її на для-себе-сущу націю, що в свою чергу сприятиме формуванню нового суспільства – "союзу самостійних особистостей". У такий спосіб неоромантизм Лесі Українки стає орієнтиром українського державотворення, проголошує дихотомічну єдність "Я-самості" та "Ми-цілісності", у якій органічно поєднуються особистісна та природно-духовна складові як індивідуального "Я", та і національного "Ми". Для Лесі Українки вдосконалення себе, піднесення свого буття на вищий рівень проектується не на егоцентричну мету, а має альтруїстичні цілі (прометеївський дух).
Quantum sensing proposal using a hybrid optomechanical system
Authors: Han Jia-Yun , Zhou Yuan , Wang Qing-Lan , Lü Dong-Yan , Xie Peng , Wang Xing-Chen , Wang Jing-Wei , Wang Guang-Hui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The optomechanical system has developed a significant breakthrough in quantum science, especially since it can further improve the precision and sensitivity of the measurement in the quantum region. Here, we study a feasible optomechanical proposal in a hybrid quantum system, which can ensure a quantum sensor with further enhanced sensitivity. With the joint assistance of microwave modifying and optical parametric amplification, the effective line width of this supermode is further reduced around the critical point, and it can therefore result in a resolvable spectrum to display a much weaker mechanical frequency shift, which is perhaps induced by a tiny mass or charged particles in this system. We also hope there might be some useful applications for this attempt in the area of quantum measurement.
Degradation of NO-nitrided SiC MOS interfaces by excimer ultraviolet light irradiation
Authors: Fujimoto Hiroki , Kobayashi Takuma , Sometani Mitsuru , Okamoto Mitsuo , Shimura Takayoshi , Watanabe Heiji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The impact of excimer ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation on SiO2/SiC(0001) and (112̄0) interfaces was examined to get insight into the effect of NO nitridation. While NO nitridation appears to be effective in passivating the electron traps at the SiO2/SiC interfaces, we found that the nitridation induces additional traps that are not active until UV light is irradiated. The traps include those causing hysteresis and frequency dispersion in the C–V characteristics and those affecting the long-term reliability of MOS devices. A non-nitrided SiO2/SiC interface was less sensitive to UV light, indicating the instability of the nitrided SiC MOS structure.
Implementasi Information Schema Database Pada PostgreSQL untuk Pembuatan Tabel Informasi dengan Menggunakan Python Di PT XYZ
Authors: Prasetyo Dimas Aji Bayu 
Published: September 2022

Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat dan semakin mempermudah pekerjaan manusia. Setiap tahunnya teknologi baru bermunculan dengan menawarkan fitur serta fungsionalitas yang lebih kompleks dan lebih canggih dari teknologi serupa yang sudah ada. Teknologi-teknologi lama pun menjadi tidak lagi efisien dan mulai kehilangan support dari perusahaan pengembangnya. Saat ini PT. XYZ sedang melakukan proses migrasi terhadap aplikasi yang dibangun menggunakan Oracle form ke Webix dan Flask. Dikarenakan sumber daya manusia yang kurang dan jumlah form yang banyak, membuat proses migrasi form membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Untuk memetakan form tersebut developer perlu mengetahui informasi seputar tabel yang meliputi nama kolom, constraint, tipe data, dan relasi antar tabel. Menyikapi hal tersebut, PT. XYZ membuat sebuah library yang memanfaatkan information schema database PostgreSQL untuk dijadikan tabel informasi. Hasil dari penelitian implementasi information schema yang dijadikan tabel informasi dapat mempermudah developer di PT. XYZ dalam proses pembuatan aplikasi form dan mempercepat proses migrasi form.