bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How breaks in nature can affect the users’ wellbeing: an experience based survey during the lockdown
Authors: Gola M , Botta M , D’Aniello AL , Capolongo S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
In the occasion of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, the life of citizens was greatly disrupted - from healthcare professionals to the smart workers - and consequently also the state of mood. On the basis of the scientific evidences in relation to the relationship between the built environment and health, a research group has promoted an investigation on the benefits that greenery can have on the psychophysical state of the users, especially healthcare staff and users at home.

Objectives
The methodology adopted is the Profile of Mood States, which provides experiential activity in nature - without any technological distraction- to evaluate the benefits on mood. The methodology adopted refer to the shorter version (34 items) designed by prof. Grove at the University of Western Australia. In relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, the experience based questionnaire is differentiated for healthcare staff and general users. The questionnaire is composed of a few questions, to be completed before and after an experience in nature of 20/30 minutes. The investigation requires to be carried out in private gardens, balcony and/or terrace with greenery, public green areas, etc.

Results
300 participants (subdivided into 225 general users and 75 healthcare professionals) took part in the investigations. Data analysis highlighted the higher performances in anxiety, depression, anger, force, fatigue and confusion, in particular for users who had the experience in garden (-50/70%), and among the healthcare staff the best outcomes are related to who did the investigation during or after the workshift (-60/-90%).

Conclusions
Although it is well-known the benefits that nature affects positively on well-being and stress level of users, the investigation underlines that brief breaks in the nature - especially in period of great stress such as pandemic - can influence the well-being and mental health of users.
Digital health literacy and well-being of health sciences students from MU-Sofia during the pandemic
Authors: Leventi N , Vodenicharova A , Popova K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study is to demonstrate the Digital health literacy and the well-being of the students from different faculties in Medical University - Sofia during the pandemic.

Methods
To achieve the purpose of the study a web-based questionnaire was distributed among health sciences students from the Faculty of Public Health and the Medical College -Sofia, as well as medical students from the Faculty of Medicine all from Medical University -Sofia in Bulgaria. Data was collected between February and April 2022, and all respondents participated anonymously and voluntarily. Established statistical methods were used in data analysis.

Results
Completed questionnaires were received from 239 students. Data collected show that among participants the majority (81,4%) were females, and 73,3% were studying in a Bachelor's programme. Among the respondents 87.7% found it easy, or very easy to use the proper words or search query to find the information they were looking for about coronavirus or related topics. Finally 29,3% of health sciences students expressed low to very low well-being during the last two weeks and the rest 70,7% expressed high well-being.

Conclusions
The presented results draw attention to the fact that during the pandemic health sciences students demonstrate the appropriate skills in searching and acquiring the information about coronavirus or related topics. In addition, translating and applying the information could contribute to benefit the psychological well-being of the students. In a digitally transformed health sector it is significant for future health professionals to obtain competencies including digital health literacy to promote health and well-being of the patients and provide better outcomes for them. The necessity of digital competences was underlined and thus we need further more, and in depth education in ICT, and digital technologies to all students, starting from the beginning of their studies.
Relevance and limits of patient surveys within humanitarian primary health care in Germany
Authors: Dieterich A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
In Germany, distinct parts of the population, such as undocumented persons, uninsured German nationals, EU citizens without employment and asylum seekers, do not have adequate access to health care. Civil society organisations provide humanitarian medical aid for these individuals. However, the offered care is not comprehensive, but depends on volunteers and is restricted to acute conditions. The local initiatives are often underfinanced. To receive funding, they experience increasing pressure to provide evidence of the impact of their work.

Methods
The applied research project was conducted in cooperation with a German medical Non-Government Organization. A routine patient survey, including items on patient satisfaction and patient reported outcomes, was developed and implemented. The NGO aimed to use it as an instrument for patient participation as well as to strengthen their impact assessment.

Results
Survey results show high satisfaction levels and a reported increase in health status and system competence. They provide valuable answers for organisational development and fundraising but do not correlate with the extent of care provided.

Conclusions
Patient surveys are particularly helpful in humanitarian care to legitimatize the efforts of compensatory initiatives. Since the affected persons still suffer from undersupply, results are not a valid measure of care standards but rather demonstrate appreciation for the mere existence of volunteer help. For an effective participation, one should not confound involvement in surveys with access to care. To illuminate existing barriers, alternative methodical approaches such as qualitative multilevel case studies are promising, as they allow data on local support settings to be linked with individual care histories and underlying institutional frameworks.
Participation in vulnerable old age? Barriers and opportunities in nursing homes in Germany
Authors: Kuempers S , Hahn D , von Köppen M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Nursing homes in Germany are still often associated with the idea of a daily routine determined by the institution, linked to losses of self-determination and participation. Residents, as well as carers and caregivers, perceive chances for co-determination and co-creation as limited.

Methods
The research project PaStA (Participation in Inpatient Care for Older People) examined and analyzed opportunities and limits of improved participation in nursing homes in Germany with the help of a participatory action research design. Experiences and findings with participatory research processes in two nursing homes are presented.

Results
Access to people both living and working in nursing homes is demanding and time-consuming. Building a trusting cooperation requires commitment and resources. However, if a research team - including residents - is successfully installed, the participatory process enables all those involved to explore, try out and shape participation possibilities. The reflection that takes place in the process leads to learning processes that (can) result in empowerment.

Discussion
However, there is a danger that participatory research may primarily reach people better provided with resources for participation based on life-long circumstances (participation dilemma), highlighting the need for responsibly designed access. Likewise, the question of impact must be critically discussed. Sustainability must be considered from the beginning.

Conclusions
Participatory action research is a worthwhile endeavor, even in settings that are rather unfamiliar with participation, such as residential care for older people. However, researchers should not underestimate the time and commitment required, because preconditions and resistance of people and structures can compromise progress.
Participation and chronic illness: Nurses’ perceptions in primary care in Brazil, Germany, and Spain
Authors: Heumann M , Röhnsch G , Zabaleta-del-Olmo E , Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso B , Giovanella L , Hämel K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Many chronically ill persons are challenged by integrating the illness in everyday life and making ‘competent’ decisions on their life and care. In multiprofessional primary care, promoting clients’ self-management and strengthening their abilities to participate in everyday life is increasingly recognized as a nursing task. This study investigates facilitating and inhibiting conditions that nurses experience when exercising this task.

Methods
Drawing upon a phenomenological approach, we conducted guided interviews with 34 practicing nurses and 23 key informants with advanced knowledge of primary health care nursing practice in Brazil, Germany, and Spain. The interviews were analysed using structuring content analysis.

Results
The interviewees see competencies of nurses to establish trusting relationships with chronically ill clients as key to greater client participation. Nurses, however, state that bonding with clients can be time-consuming and exhausting. They consider it fundamental that physicians and other professionals value nurses’ efforts towards stronger client participation as a way forward to reach for person-oriented primary care. They criticize that especially physicians value biomedical tasks more than enabling participation. Referring to primary health care organisation, nurses experience that pressure of time through a growing number of routine and administrative tasks inhibits their efforts to strengthen clients’ participation.

Conclusions
To promote the participation of clients with chronic illnesses in their everyday life and in care, relationship building with clients and self-management support needs to be acknowledged as an important scope of practice approached by nurses. To be able to unfold the potentials nurses need to be equipped with sufficient time and skills.
Health literacy time trends in Germany
Authors: Schaeffer D , Klinger J , Berens E-M , Hurrelmann K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Health literacy (HL) is becoming increasingly important in the European public health sector. Since the Health information landscape is changing constantly there is a need for monitoring HL regularly in order to observe the influence of these changes, to enable trend statements and to obtain precise information on the societal and individual factors. For the first time, this has been done for the population in Germany.

Methods
Cross-sectional data collected in the adult population in Germany in 2014 (n = 1.940) and 2020 (n = 504) was used. The instrument HLS-EU-Q47 was used to measure HL in the domains of health care, disease prevention and health promotion. Changes between time points were analysed on the population level as well as in several population groups.

Results
The HL of the German population has become lower within the observed six years. This is evident in all three domains but is most pronounced in health promotion literacy. This trend is particularly visible among people with low social status and financial deprivation. Single health information tasks that are precepted as more difficult involve the evaluation of information and handling information from the media.

Conclusions
Over time, dealing with health and disease-related information has become more difficult. As this development is mainly driven by socioeconomically disadvantaged population groups, it has apparently increased social inequality in the health sector. Due to more complex and demanding health information, which lately result in an ‘infodemic’, it seems that these groups in particular are overburdened and cannot raise the resources and skills to adequately engage with health information.

Key messages
• HL interventions should focus on socioeconomically disadvantaged population groups to counteract the increasing health inequality.
• Monitoring HL should be included in public health surveillance to determine needs and challenges for health policies as well as achievements of interventions.
Evaluation of pediatric dentists’ approaches to oral health literacy
Authors: Karamüftüoğlu N , Atabek D , Uğraş Dikmen A , Semanur Korkmaz Öner F , Özkan S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim
In the study;it is aimed to determine the knowledge,attitudes,behaviors and educational needs of pediatric dentists about oral health literacy(OHL).

Methods
The study was carried out with 100 pediatric dentists across Turkey between 20/06/2021-20/07/2021 on the online platform.In the questionnaire form;there are 14 descriptive,25 approaches to OHL in a 5-point Likert format and 8 questions about communication barriers in individuals with insufficient OHL.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 34.4±7.9 years.92.0%(n = 92) of the participants did not receive OHL training.63%(n = 63) of the participants stated that it is necessary to carry out studies to improve OHL and to develop programs.The mean OHL approach scores of the participants were 3.81±0.61;the mean score of evaluating communication barriers in individuals with insufficient OHL level was 4.06±0.62.60%(n = 54) of the participants think that the health information in the media is very effective in misleading patients.As the age of the participants increased,the OHL approach score increased(r = 0.204;p=0.042).As the number of daily outpatient clinics of the individuals participating in the research increases,the evaluation scores of communication barriers decrease(r=-0.304;p=0.004).Among the participants,those who work in private institutions,those who know their rights while providing oral health services and those who are satisfied with the profession have higher scores for evaluating the OHL approach,the difference is statistically significant(p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
As a result,positive benefits will be provided to the professional satisfaction of pediatric dentists and the quality of oral health services with in-service trainings to be organized before and after graduation on the evaluation of communication barriers in individuals with inadequate OHL approach and level.

Key messages
• Oral health literacy is a new concept and is becoming increasingly important in dentistry.
• The importance of oral health literacy in pediatric dentistry is that both children and parents are affected.
Racially discriminatory experiences among older chronically ill people of Turkish origin in Germany
Authors: Tezcan-Güntekin H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Racism in health care is rarely clearly identified as such in Germany. Barriers to access are more often addressed, but people's experiences of discrimination rarely receive attention (Schellenberg & Tusch 2021, Kristiansen 2016). Internationally, racism is recognized as a determinant of health and there is a discourse that it must be addressed in order to achieve health equity (Weil 2022). This qualitative secondary data analysis focuses on racially discriminatory experiences among older chronically ill people of Turkish origin in the context of medical and drug care in Germany.

Methods
11 expert interviews and 11 problem-centred interviews with chronically ill people of Turkish origin and their relatives in Germany were conducted in the MedikaMig-Project with regard to care practices, continuity of drug care and polypharmacy and analysed with structuring qualitative content analysis (Mayring 2015).

Results
The analysis yielded 7 superordinate categories and 27 subcategories, identifying racial discrimination in access to care, the treatment situation and communication, and in the consideration of transnational lifestyles. Patients are often helpless, sometimes trying to put their experiences into perspective or to be treated by Turkish doctors in order to avoid these discriminatory experiences.

Conclusions
Racial discrimination is pervasive in health care and should not be hidden behind other terms that mask discrimination. An intersectional approach allows us to understand which individuals are particularly affected and what they need to be protected from racism in health care.

Key messages
• Structural racism in health care needs to be clearly named and examined from an intersectional perspective in further research projects.
• Elderly patients with Turkish origin need empowerment and contact persons after racist experiences to find ways to deal with discriminating experiences that are sometimes perceived as traumatic.
Does it matter who addresses whom in vaccination promotion campaign?
Authors: Cvjetkovic S , Jeremic- Stojkovic V , Mandic-Rajcevic S , Jankovic J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
A vaccine promotion campaign is primarily grounded on the selected message features, namely, a carefully chosen information source. People holding diverse views towards vaccination could experience the same information source differently, and it is the comprehension of these diversities that is important to tailor effective interventions. The aim of this study was to determine differences in perceived source credibility between the vaccinated and unvaccinated.

Methods
Overall 172 adults aged 18 and older from Western Balkans both vaccinated and unvaccinated, voluntarily after obtaining informed consent, were randomly assigned to one of four message interventions. The messages were developed combining two prototypical COVID-19 vaccine decision narratives (determined vs. hesitant) with two communication sources (physician vs. lay peer), resulting in four conditions: determined physician, hesitant physician, determined peer, hesitant peer. After the message exposure, participants evaluated three components of source credibility - expertise, trustworthiness and, goodwill. Two-way ANOVA was applied.

Results
Compared to the vaccinated, the unvaccinated judged the source as less trustworthy (p &lt; 0.01), regardless of the message they have been exposed to. Although not statistically significant (p = 0.064), the unvaccinated evaluated all sources with the exception of hesitant physician as having a lower level of good intentions. Vaccinated perceived the determined physician as a source with most expertise, while unvaccinated attributed highest expertise to the hesitant physician (without significant difference (p = 0.719)).

Conclusions
The unvaccinated are generally less likely to experience the information sources as goodwill and trustworthy. In order to perceive the source as more competent the focus should be on the objective characteristics of the communicator, as well as on the congruency in attitudes between the communicator and the audience.
The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the stress and depression levels of new mothers
Authors: Florea C , Preiß J , Angerer M , Schabus M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
New mothers are a particularly vulnerable group during the COVID-19 pandemic, due both to the higher depression and stress levels associated with early child care and to the risk of a COVID-19 infection. We investigated the effects of the pandemic on the childbirth experience, stress and depression levels in this population.

Methods
This cross-sectional, explorative study included 1964 Austrian and German mothers who gave birth between 16.03.2020 and 01.07.2021 and completed an online survey between 18.05.2021 and 01.07.2021. This contained the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ2), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), as well as three custom-made scales: a birth risk score (risk factors for a poor birth outcome), a pandemic repercussions score (perceived effects on different aspects of personal life), and a social support score (how emotionally supported they feel). We computed post-hoc multilinear regression models to evaluate which factors can predict the CEQ2, PSS and EPDS scores.

Results
Mothers had a worse birth experience, perceived less stress and had more depressive symptoms during the pandemic than previously reported cohorts. The CEQ2 was predicted by the birth risk (negatively), the access to a midwife (positively) and the perception of sufficient access of the visitors in the hospital (positively) (adjusted R2 = 0.26, F(4, 1738) = 155.64, p &lt; 0.001). The PSS was predicted by the pandemic repercussions (positively), the social support (negatively), and the presence of a coping mechanism (negatively) (adjusted R2 = 0.28, F(4, 1959) = 195.1, p &lt; 0.001). The EPDS was similarly predicted by the same factors as the PSS (adjusted R2 = 0.28, F(4, 1959) = 189.59, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Social support and strong coping mechanisms can lower the stress and depression scores. Instructing the population about how to improve these factors might be a target for future social policies.

Key messages
• Compared to historical cohorts, mothers who gave birth during the pandemic had a worse birth experience, and, postnatally, perceived less stress but had more depressive symptoms.
• The visitors’ access to the hospital and the mother’s access to a midwife impacted the birth experience, while the social support and the coping mechanisms affected the stress and depression scores.
Self-reported anxiety and depression among COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study from Turkey
Authors: Şiyve N , Emecen AN , Keskin S , Başoğlu E , Turunç Ö , Süner AF , Cimilli C , Ünal B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
It has been shown that COVID-19 can cause symptoms and diseases such as insomnia, depression, and anxiety. This study aimed to describe prevalence of feeling anxious or depressive among COVID-19 patients in six months of follow-up time and its association with baseline independent factors.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included patients aged ≥18 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Turkey between November 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Participants were interviewed by telephone calls on the 1st, 3rd and 6th months after diagnosis. The dependent variable of the study was self-reported moderate or severe anxiety or depression based on EQ-5D-3L general quality of life scale. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify the factors associated with feeling anxious and depressive after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results
In total 5446 patients agreed to participate in the study. Frequency of feeling anxious or depressive at the 1st, 3rd and 6th months after diagnosis were 18.5%, 17.9% and 15.4%, respectively. Older age (≥65 years; odds ratio-OR:1.17, 95% confidence interval-CI: 0.95-1.44), female gender (OR:1.76 (1.58-1.96)), bad economic status (OR: 1.62 (1.34-1.97)), having more symptoms (4-5, OR:1.48 (1.21-1.81); ≥5, OR:1.65 (1.35-2.01)), having more underlying health conditions (1-2, OR:1.35 (1.19-1.54); ≥3: OR:1.50 (1.13-1.99)), intensive care unit admission (OR: 2.58 (1.70-3.90)) were associated with self-reported anxiety and depression.

Conclusions
Feelings of anxiety and depression are common in COVID-19 patients and may persist in the long term. Anxiety and depression were associated with gender, economic status and disease severity. Determination of vulnerable groups for anxiety and depression after COVID-19 can be helpful for early diagnosis and initiation of mental care services.

Key messages
• As a consequence of Covid-19, anxiety and depression in Covid-19 survivors are common generally. It shouldn't be overlooked or underestimated for the public mental well-being.
• Covid-19 mental effects on the population have a correlation with social determinants of health. Therefore, determining vulnerable groups is a key to planning mental care services.