bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally invasive treatment of cirrhotic secondary hypersplenism with high-intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Zhang xiumei , Xu Zhihong , Huang Guohua , Tang Shilin , Feng Caiju , Yan Gaowu , He Suyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been reported to be a minimally invasive effective method for the treatment of secondary hypersplenism. However, neither the short-term efficacy nor the indications and/or contraindications have been described in patients with cirrhosis. From October 2019 to May 2021, eleven cases of patients with cirrhotic secondary hypersplenism were enrolled. The blood counts, liver function tests and abdominal ultrasound and/or MRI scans of all patients were closely evaluated. Among these 11 patients, eight (72.7%) patients were classified as Child-Pugh A, and the other 3 (27.3%) patients were Child-Pugh B; Five (45%) patients were diagnosed with gallstone, including multiple small stones in 2 patients and single stone in 3 patients. HIFU was performed successfully in all 11 patients. After HIFU, hematologic parameters and liver function were significantly improved in all 11 patients (p < 0.05). The HIFU ablated volume to spleen volume rate was 35%-61%. Complications were ecchymosis of the waist in 7 (63.3%) patients, ablated area pain in 3 (27.3%) patients, and choledocholithiasis in 2 (18.2%) patients with multiple small gallstones. All of them recovered smoothly without additional treatment except for 2 patients with choledocholithiasis recovered with risky endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) treatment. This series suggested that HIFU is an effective and safe treatment for cirrhotic secondary hypersplenism in patients classified as Child-Pugh A or B. However, multiple small gallstones could be a relative contraindication for it.
Spatial and temporal trends in polychlorinated naphthalenes in sediment from industrialized coastal environments of Korea: Potential sources and ecotoxicological concerns
Authors: Lee Ha-Hyun , Lee Sunggyu , Lee Moonjin , Moon Hyo-Bang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Few studies have been conducted on spatial and temporal trends in polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in coastal environments. Here, we describe 18 PCN congeners found in surface and dated sediment samples collected from highly industrialized bays of Korea. Measurable levels of PCN congeners were detected in all sediment samples, suggesting concurrent and historical contamination. The highest PCN concentrations were observed in sediment from rivers, streams, and the inner portions of the bays, which are surrounded by industrial complexes and commercial harbours. CNs 73, 66/67, and 52 were dominant in surface and dated sediment samples. Congener patterns and diagnostic ratios revealed that PCN contamination is originated from combustion processes and the use of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) technical mixtures. PCN concentrations in dated sediment increased from the 1980s to the mid 2000s and then decreased to 2015. Although the toxic equivalent (TEQ) levels of PCNs in our study did not exceed sediment quality guidelines proposed by international authorities, the cumulative risks from the TEQ concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, furans, PCBs, and PCNs can be expected for benthic organisms.
The psychological impact of COVID19 pandemic on health care workers in Pontevedra (Spain)
Authors: Alvarez-Perez Vicente , Gago-Ageitos Ana Maria , Vicente-Alba Javier , Garcia-Hijano Carmen Mercedes , Duran-Maseda Maria Jose , Vidal-Millares Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed health care workers (HCWs) to increased workload and high risk of contagion with a negative impact in their mental healthWe present a descriptive and observational study performed with a total sample of 306 healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Pontevedra Area, which include two Hospitals: Hospital do Salnés and Hospital Clinico-Universitario de Pontevedra and Primary Care Health Centers (“Centros de Saúde”: CS and AP, “Puntos de Atención Continuada”: PACS) from 3th to 16th May 2021. (Figure1) (1)Aim: To study the psychological impact in healthcare workers in our community, (Pontevedra, 300000 inhabitants). Method: An online massive survey was administered with “Google Forms”. We performed a battery of sociodemographic and work conditions questions, medical history, psychiatric drugs consumption, substance use, personality test (Salamanca Personality test), SCL-90-R (depression and anxiety subscales) and perceived stress scale (PSS-10). Respondents were 306 HCWs (80.4% women; 19.3% men, 1 non-binary)Results: We find that 22.4% of HCWs present high perceived stress, 85.7% have sleep problems and 20.6% are using psychiatric drugs (either anxiolytics or antidepressants). 65.5% of HCWs on psychiatric medication recognize the need to increase doses during the pandemic. Besides, 12.1% has started taking antidepressants. We find an increase in alcohol and tobacco use. The fear to infect family, the front-line professionals and the extreme working conditions (work overload and the feeling of having few means and little support available) are the main variables that impact the mental health of HCWs during the pandemic. The personality traits shape coping strategies. The highest perceived stress happens in HCWs working in Primary Health Centers (especially those that work in both places: hospitals and Primary Health Centers).
Trends in PhysChem Properties of Newly Approved Drugs over the Last Six Years; Predicting Solubility of Drugs Approved in 2021
Authors: Avdeef Alex , Kansy Manfred 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For the ‘small-molecule’ NMEs (new molecular entities) approved in 2021 by the US FDA, quantitative solubility values were found for 28 drugs, nearly all from published New Drug Applications (NDAs). Comparisons of physicochemical properties over the last six years indicate that the NMEs are slowly continuing to increase in size and decrease in solubility. Since 2016, the intrinsic solubility values (S0) have decreased on the average by 0.50 log unit, the calculated octanol-water partition coefficients (clogP) have increased by 0.34 log unit, and the molecular weights (MW) have increased by 22 g·mol-1 (to 477, compared to 298 in older drugs). The average number of Hbond acceptors has remained constant, while the average number of H-bond donors and the Kier Φ molecular flexibility indices have decreased slightly. The reported solubility data for the 2021 small-molecule NMEs were processed using the program pDISOL-X to obtain S0 values, normalized to 25 oC. The S0 values ranged from 2 ng·mL-1 (avacopan) to 43 mg·mL-1 (viloxazine). In the new set, MW spanned from 233 g·mol-1 (dexmethylphenidate) to 1215 g·mol-1 (voclosporin). Values of clogP ranged from − 0.3 (serdexmethylphenidate, a quaternary ammonium molecule) to 8.1 (avacopan). Five different in-silico models were used to predict the aqueous intrinsic log solubility of the 28 novel NMEs: (i) Yalkowsky’s General Solubility Equation (GSE(classic)), (ii) Abraham’s Linear Solvation Equation (ABSOLV), (iii) Avdeef-Kansy ‘Flexible-Acceptor’ General Solubility Equation ((GSE(Φ,B)), (iv) Breiman’s Random Forest Regression (RFR), and (v) consensus model based on (ii) and (iii) above. The various models were retrained with an enlarged version of the Wiki-pS0 database (currently at 7655 log S0 entries of drug-relevant molecules). The consensus model (r2 = 0.67, RMSE = 1.08) just slightly outperformed the other four models. The relatively-simple consensus prediction equation can be easily incorporated into spreadsheet calculations. As new drugs are approved, it will be important to continue monitoring the quality of measured solubility. Matching prediction to measurement is valuable when prediction methods are applied to virtual libraries, in order to seek opportunities to minimize pharmacokinetic risks of large, but otherwise promising, candidate molecules.
Estimation equation of limb lean soft tissue mass in Asian athletes using bioimpedance analysis
Authors: Lai Yeong-Kang , Ho Chu-Ying , Huang Ai-Chun , Hsieh Kuen-Chang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The lean soft tissue mass (LSTM) of the limbs is approximately 63% of total skeletal muscle mass. For athletes, measurement of limb LSTM is the basis for rapid estimation of skeletal muscle mass. This study aimed to establish the estimation equation of limb lean soft tissue mass in Asian athletes using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). A total of 198 athletes (121 males, 77 females; mean age 22.04 ± 5.57 years) from different sports in Taiwan were enrolled. A modeling group (MG) of 2/3 (n = 132) of subjects and a validation group (VG) of 1/3 (n = 68) were randomly assigned. Resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) were measured using 50KHz current measurement in whole-body mode. Predictor variables were height, weight, age, gender, Xc, resistance index (RI; RI = h2 / R). Lean soft tissue mass of upper and lower limbs measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the response variable. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis method was used to establish BIA estimation equations as ArmsLSTMBIA-Asian and LegsLSTMBIA-Asian. Measurement equations performance was confirmed by cross-validation. The established single-frequency BIA estimation equation quickly and accurately measures lean soft tissue mass of the arms and legs of Asian athletes.
Determination of the total antioxidant capacity of the Chinese tea based on a novel “peroxidase/zirconium phosphonate” composite electrochemical sensor
Authors: Liu Li-Min , Liang Xin-Jian , Deng Fei , Liu Xue-Xia , Xu Ling-Feng , Wang Zhi-Jun , Huang Chun-Fang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, a novel zirconium phosphonate (ZrPR1R2) was prepared by decorating both the aminoethoxy- group (R1) and the carboxypropyl- group (R2) on the zirconium phosphate layers in order to manipulate further the immobilization of the peroxidase (POD), and an antioxidant biosensor with higher sensitivity was constructed by dropping the POD/ZrPR1R2 composite onto the glassy carbon electrode surface. The activity of the POD/ZrPR1R2 composite was detected by Uv-vis spectra. The direct electrochemical behavior, the electrocatalytic response to dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, as well as the ability to detect total antioxidant capacity in tea sample were investigated by the methods of cyclic voltammetry. The results indicated that the immobilization of POD in ZrPR1R2 nanosheets matrix enhanced the enzymatic activity, and achieved the fast and direct electron transfer between POD and glassy carbon electrode. Moreover, the POD/ZrPR1R2 composite modified electrode show the electrocatalytic response to hydrogen peroxide in the linear range of 8.82×10− 8 to 8.82×10− 7mol L− 1, with the detection limit of 3.31×10− 8mol L− 1. Attributing to the sensitive response to dissolved oxygen, the total antioxidant capacity can be detected directly in the real tea water by this POD/ZrPR1R2 composite modified electrode.
COA-Cl evokes protective responses against H 2 O 2 -and 6-OHDA-induced toxic injury in PC12 cells
Authors: Jamal Mostofa , Tsukamoto Ikuko , Maki Takata , Konishi Ryoji , Kinoshita Hiroshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
COA-Cl, a novel adenosine-like nucleic acid analog, has recently been shown to exert neuroprotective effects and to increase dopamine levels both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, we hypothesized that COA-Cl could protect dopaminergic neurons against toxic insults. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of COA-Cl against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)- and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity in PC12 cells, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms. PC12 cells were incubated with COA-Cl (100 µM) with or without H2O2 or 6-OHDA (200 µM) for 24 h. Exposure to H2O2 resulted in a decrease in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. H2O2 enhanced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and caspase-3 activity, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio. H2O2 also triggered apoptosis as measured by TUNEL analysis. However, treatment with COA-Cl attenuated the decrease in cell viability, SOD activity and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio caused by H2O2. In addition, COA-Cl attenuated the increase in LDH release, ROS production, caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. 6-OHDA also dose-dependently decreased cell viability and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and increased LDH release. However, COA-Cl greatly protected PC12 cells against the toxicity caused by 6-OHDA, as evidenced by an increase in cell viability and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and a decrease in LDH release. Our results are the first to demonstrate that COA-Cl potentially protects PC12 cells against toxicity induced by H2O2 and 6-OHDA, implying that COA-Cl could be a promising neuroprotective agent for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
Human microbiota drives hospital-associated antimicrobial resistance dissemination in the urban environment and mirrors patient case rates
Authors: Salazar Cecilia , Giménez Matías , Parada Andrés , Puig Josefina , Galiana Antonio , Grill Fabio , Vieytes Mariela , Mason Christopher , Antelo Verónica , D'Alessandro Bruno , Risso Jimena , Iraola Gregorio , Riera Nadia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The microbial community composition of urban environments is primarily determined by human activity. The use of metagenomics to explore how microbial communities are shaped in a city provides a novel input that can improve decisions on public health measures, architectural design, and urban resilience. Of note, the sewage system in a city acts as a complex reservoir of bacteria, pharmaceuticals, and antimicrobial resistant (AMR) genes that can be an important source of epidemiological information. Hospital effluents are rich in patient-derived bacteria, and can thus readily become a birthplace and hotspot reservoir for antibiotic resistant pathogens which are eventually incorporated into the environment. Yet, the scope to which nosocomial outbreaks impact the urban environment is still poorly understood.Results: In this work, we extensively show that different urban waters from creeks, beaches, sewage spillways and collector pipes enclose discrete microbial communities that are characterized by a differential degree of contamination and admixture with human-derived bacteria. The abundance of human bacteria correlates with the abundance of AMR genes in the environment, with beta-lactamases being the top-contributing class to distinguish low vs. highly-impacted urban environments. Indeed, the abundance of beta-lactamase resistance and carbapenem resistance determinants in the urban environment significantly increased in a one-year period. This was in line with a pronounced increase of nosocomial carbapenem-resistant infections reported during the same period, that was mainly driven by an outbreak-causing, carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) ST-11 strain. Genome-resolved metagenomics of urban waters before and after this outbreak, coupled with high-resolution whole-genome sequencing, confirmed the dissemination of the ST-11 strain and a novel KPC megaplasmid from the hospital to the urban environment. City-wide analysis showed that geospatial dissemination of the KPC megaplasmid in the urban environment inversely depended on the sewage system infrastructure.Conclusions: We show how urban metagenomics and outbreak genomic surveillance can be coupled to generate relevant information for infection control, antibiotic stewardship, and pathogen epidemiology. Our results highlight the need to better characterize and understand how human-derived bacteria and antimicrobial resistance disseminate in the urban environment to incorporate this information in the development of effluent treatment infrastructure and public health policies.
Relationship between corticosteroid administration and incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: SAURA Ouriel , ROUZE Anahita , MARTIN-LOECHES Ignacio , POVOA Pedro , KREITMANN Louis , TORRES Antoni , METZELARD Matthieu , DU CHEYRON Damien , LAMBIOTTE Fabien , TAMION Fabienne , LABRUYERE Marie , GERONIMI Claire BOULLE , LUYT Charles-Edouard , NYUNGA Martine , POULY Olivier , THILLE Arnaud W. , MEGARBANE Bruno , SAADE Anastasia , MAGIRA Eleni , LLITJOS Jean-François , IOANNIDOU Iliana , PIERRE Alexandre , REIGNIER Jean , GAROT Denis , BAUDEL Jean-Luc , VOIRIOT Guillaume , PLANTEFEVE Gaëtan , MORAWIEC Elise , ASFAR Pierre , BOYER Alexandre , MEKONTSO-DESSAP Armand , BARDAKA Fotini , DIAZ Emilio , VINSONNEAU Christophe , FLOCH Pierre-Edouard , WEISS Nicolas , CECCATO Adrian , ARTIGAS Antonio , NORA David , DUHAMEL Alain , LABREUCHE Julien , NSEIR Saad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTI) are common in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The aim of this ancillary analysis of the coVAPid multicenter observational retrospective study is to assess the relationship between corticosteroid adjuvant administration and the incidence of VA-LRTI. MethodsPlanned ancillary analysis of a multicenter retrospective European cohort in 36 ICUs. Adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours for a SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were consecutively included between February and May 2020. VA-LRTI diagnosis required strict definition with clinical, radiological and microbiological documentation. We assessed the association of VA-LRTI with corticosteroid administration using univariate and multivariate cause-specific Cox’s proportional hazard models with adjustment on prespecified confounders.Results 545 patients were included, of whom 191 (35%) received corticosteroids. The proportional hazard assumption for the effect of corticosteroids on the incidence of VA-LRTI was violated (p=0.018) indicating that this effect varied during the ICU stay. We found a lower risk of VA-LRTI for corticosteroid treated patients during the first days in the ICU and an increased risk for longer ICU stay. By modeling the effect of corticosteroids with time dependent coefficients, the association between corticosteroids and the incidence of VA-LRTI was not significant (overall effect p=0.068), with time-dependent hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 0.45 (0.18 to 1.10) at day 2, 0.89 (0.62 to 1.27) at day 7, 1.38 (0.99 to 1.92) at day 14 and 1.80 (1.08 to 2.98) at day 21.Conclusions No significant association was found between corticosteroid adjuvant therapy and the incidence of VA-LRTI, although a significant time-varying effect of corticosteroids was identified along the 28-day follow-up.
Real-time Interior Orientation Elements Variation Calculation of Aerial Imaging Model Based on DEM
Authors: Dai Dongchen , Zheng Lina , Yuan Guoqin , Wang Haijiang , Kang Qi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The focal plane position of the aerial camera needs to be adjusted in real time because of the change of the external environment and other reasons. The defocus number of the focal plane can be obtained according to the change of the interior orientation elements in the aerial camera. This paper presents a new method to calculate the change of interior orientation elements between images in real time using DEM assisted aerial camera. Based on calibrating the interior orientation elements of the aerial camera in the laboratory, an aerial imaging model is established based on the WGS84 earth ellipsoid model and transforming its coordinate systems. Use the pre-acquired DEM image, according to the characteristics of overlapping areas between adjacent aerial images in the same flight belt. The change of internal orientation elements is calculated after removing the external errors through the aerial imaging model and the position of feature points. Through experiments, the calculation error of the change of internal orientation elements in the same flight band of aerial camera is not more than 2 pixels. And the running speed of the algorithm can reach the millisecond level, which can meet the real-time needs of various applications of aerial camera.
Behavioral changes during the pandemic worsened income diversity of urban encounters
Authors: Yabe Takahiro , Bueno Bernardo Garcia Bulle , Dong Xiaowen , Pentland Alex , Moro Esteban 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Diversity of physical encounters and social interactions in urban environments are known to spur economic productivity and innovation in cities, while also to foster social capital and resilience of communities. However, mobility restrictions during the pandemic have forced people to substantially reduce urban physical encounters, raising questions on the social implications of such behavioral changes. In this paper, we study how the income diversity of urban encounters have changed during different periods throughout the pandemic, using a large-scale, privacy-enhanced mobility dataset of more than one million anonymized mobile phone users in four large US cities, collected across three years spanning before and during the pandemic. We find that the diversity of urban encounters have substantially decreased (by 15% to 30%) during the pandemic and has persisted through late 2021, even though aggregated mobility metrics have recovered to pre-pandemic levels. Counterfactual analyses show that while the reduction of outside activities (higher rates of staying at home) was a major factor that contributed to decreased diversity in the early stages of the pandemic, behavioral changes including lower willingness to explore new places and changes in visitation preferences further worsened the long-term diversity of encounters. Our findings suggest that the pandemic could have long-lasting negative effects on urban income diversity, and provide implications for managing the trade-off between the stringency of COVID-19 policies and the diversity of urban encounters as we move beyond the pandemic.
ILD-GAP combined with the Charlson Comorbidity Index score (ILD-GAPC) as a prognostic prediction model in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and collagen vascular disease-related interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Fujii Hiroaki , Hara Yu , Saigusa Yusuke , Tagami Yoichi , Murohashi Kota , Nagasawa Ryo , Aoki Ayako , Izawa Ami , Seki Kenichi , Watanabe Keisuke , Horita Nobuyuki , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Kaneko Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe ILD-GAP scoring system has been widely used to predict the prognosis of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The ability of the ILD-GAP scoring system combined with the Charlson Comorbidity Index score (CCIS) (ILD-GAPC) to predict ILD prognosis was investigated.MethodsIn ILD patients including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP), and collagen vascular disease-related interstitial pneumonia (CVD-IP) treated between April 2013 and April 2017, the relationships between baseline clinical parameters including age, sex, CCIS, ILD diagnosis, pulmonary function test results, and 3-year ILD-related events, including cause-specific death and first acute exacerbation (AE), were retrospectively assessed, and the ability to predict prognosis was compared between ILD-GAP and ILD-GAPC.ResultsA total of 174 patients (mean age, 74 years), all of whom underwent pulmonary function testing including percentage predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, were assessed. ILD diagnosis consisted of IPF in 57 cases, iNSIP, and CVD-IP in 117 cases. ILD-GAPC provided a greater area under the 3-year time dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (0.743) for predicting 3-year ILD-related events than ILD-GAP (0.710). In addition, log-rank tests showed that survival curves differed significantly among low, middle, and high ILD-GAPC scores (P = 0.003), unlike ILD-GAP scores (P = 0.240).ConclusionsILD-GAPC could provide more accurate information for predicting prognosis in patients with ILD than ILD-GAP alone.