bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of thickness and reaction media on properties of ZnO thin films by SILAR
Authors: Yergaliuly Gani , Soltabayev Baktiyar , Kalybekkyzy Sandugash , Bakenov Zhumabay , Mentbayeva Almagul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising metal oxide semiconductor materials, particularly for optical and gas sensing applications. The influence of thickness and solvent on various features of ZnO thin films deposited at ambient temperature and barometric pressure by the sequential ionic layer adsorption and reaction method (SILAR) was carefully studied in this work. Ethanol and distilled water (DW) were alternatively used as a solvent for preparation of ZnO precursor solution. Superficial morphology, crystallite structure, optical and electrical characteristics of the thin films of various thickness are examined applying X-ray diffraction (XRD) system, scanning electron microscopy, the atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Hall effect measurement analysis and UV response study. XRD analysis confirmed that thin films fabricated using ethanol or DW precursor solvents are hexagonal wurtzite ZnO with a preferred growth orientation (002). Furthermore, it was found that thin films made using ethanol are as highly crystalline as thin films made using DW. ZnO thin films prepared using aqueous solutions possess high optical band gaps. However, films prepared with ethanol solvent have low resistivity (10–2 Ω cm) and high electron mobility (750 cm2/Vs). The ethanol solvent-based SILAR method opens opportunities to synthase high quality ZnO thin films for various potential applications.
Detection of impaired renal allograft function in paediatric and young adult patients using arterial spin labelling MRI (ASL-MRI)
Authors: Radovic Tijana , Jankovic Milica M. , Stevic Ruza , Spasojevic Brankica , Cvetkovic Mirjana , Pavicevic Polina , Gojkovic Ivana , Kostic Mirjana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to discriminate renal allografts with impaired function by measuring cortical renal blood flow (cRBF) using magnetic resonance imaging arterial spin labelling (ASL-MRI) in paediatric and young adult patients. We included 18 subjects and performed ASL-MRI on 1.5 T MRI to calculate cRBF on parameter maps. cRBF was correlated to calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and compared between patient groups with good (GFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and impaired allograft function (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Mean cRBF in patients with good allograft function was significantly higher than in patients with impaired allograft function (219.89 ± 57.24 mL/min/100 g vs. 146.22 ± 41.84 mL/min/100 g, p < 0.008), showing a highly significant correlation with GFR in all subjects (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001). Also, the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI-MRI) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and Doppler measurements of peak-systolic and end-diastolic velocities and the resistive index (PS, ED, RI) were performed and both methods showed no significant difference between groups. ADC implied no correlation with GFR (r = 0.198, p = 0.464), while PS indicated moderate correlation to GFR (r = 0.48, p < 0.05), and PS and ED moderate correlation to cRBF (r = 0.58, p < 0.05, r = 0.56, p < 0.05, respectively). Cortical perfusion as non-invasively measured by ASL-MRI differs between patients with good and impaired allograft function and correlates significantly with its function.
Invasion front dynamics of interactive populations in environments with barriers
Authors: Azimzade Youness 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvading populations normally comprise different subpopulations that interact while trying to overcome existing barriers against their way to occupy new areas. However, the majority of studies so far only consider single or multiple population invasion into areas where there is no resistance against the invasion. Here, we developed a model to study how cooperative/competitive populations invade in the presence of a physical barrier that should be degraded during the invasion. For one dimensional (1D) environment, we found that a Langevin equation as$$dX/dt=V_ft+\sqrt{D_f}\eta (t)$$dX/dt=Vft+Dfη(t)describing invasion front position. We then obtained how$$V_f$$Vfand$$D_f$$Dfdepend on population interactions and environmental barrier intensity. In two dimensional (2D) environment, for the average interface position movements we found a Langevin equation as$$dH/dt=V_Ht+\sqrt{D_H}\eta (t)$$dH/dt=VHt+DHη(t). Similar to the 1D case, we calculate how$$V_H$$VHand$$D_H$$DHrespond to population interaction and environmental barrier intensity. Finally, the study of invasion front morphology through dynamic scaling analysis showed that growth exponent,$$\beta$$β, depends on both population interaction and environmental barrier intensity. Saturated interface width,$$W_{sat}$$Wsat, versus width of the 2D environment (L) also exhibits scaling behavior. Our findings show revealed that competition among subpopulations leads to more rough invasion fronts. Considering the wide range of shreds of evidence for clonal diversity in cancer cell populations, our findings suggest that interactions between such diverse populations can potentially participate in the irregularities of tumor border.
Effect of the toothbrush tuft arrangement and bristle stiffness on the abrasive dentin wear
Authors: Hamza Blend , Niedzwiecki Maria , Körner Philipp , Attin Thomas , Wegehaupt Florian J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe geometrical properties of toothbrushes play a role in developing abrasive tooth wear and non-carious cervical lesions. This study investigated the interplay between the toothbrush tuft arrangement (crossed vs. parallel) and bristle stiffness (soft vs. medium) on the abrasive dentin wear using three slurries with different levels of abrasivity (RDA: 67, 121 and 174). Twelve groups of bovine dentin samples (n = 20) were brushed with a combination of the aforementioned variables. Abrasive dentin wear was recorded with a profilometer and the resulting abrasive wear of each group was calculated and compared with each other using two-way ANOVA and pairwise tests. Toothbrushes with parallel tuft arrangement caused statistically significantly higher dentin wear compared to crossed tuft arrangement, regardless of the abrasivity level of the used slurry and the bristle stiffness. Soft crossed tuft toothbrushes caused statistically significantly higher abrasive dentin wear than medium crossed tuft toothbrushes, while soft and medium parallel tuft toothbrushes caused the same amounts of dentin wear, regardless of the RDA value of the used slurry. These results could be helpful for dentists and dental hygienists when advising patients. Crossed tuft toothbrushes could be a less-abrasive choice in comparison to parallel tuft toothbrushes.
Predicting ketosis during the transition period in Holstein Friesian cows using hematological and serum biochemical parameters on the calving date
Authors: Ha Seungmin , Kang Seogjin , Han Manhye , Lee Jihwan , Chung Hakjae , Oh Sang-Ik , Kim Suhee , Park Jinho 
Published: January 2022

AbstractKetosis often occurs during the postpartum transition period in dairy cows, leading to economic and welfare problems. Previously, ketosis was reported to be associated with hematological and serum biochemical parameters. However, the association between the parameters on the calving date and ketosis during the postpartum transition period remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this association. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of Holstein cows on the calving date and β-hydroxybutyrate was tested once every 3 days (8 times in 21 days). The cows were divided into three groups: non-ketosis, subclinical ketosis, and clinical ketosis. The clinical ketosis group significantly had the highest values of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and total bilirubin, but the lowest values of red cell distribution width, the counts of white blood cell, monocyte, and eosinophil, albumin, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and amylase. In contrast, the non-ketosis group showed the opposite results (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these parameters are associated with the development and severity of ketosis. Our findings suggest that these parameters on the calving date may be useful indicators to identify dairy Holstein cow susceptible to ketosis during the transition period.
Dominant change pattern of extreme precipitation and its potential causes in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Xia Jun , Yang Xu-yang , Liu Jian , Wang Mingsen , Li Jiake 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDue to global warming, global and regional extreme precipitation events occur frequently, causing severe drought and flood disasters. This has a significant impact on productivity and human life. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics of extreme precipitation and its spatiotemporal variation. In this study, we investigate the dominant variation patterns of extreme precipitation (EP), which is characterized by indices, and also analyze its potential causes in the Shandong province of China during 1961–2015 using the daily precipitation data from 123 metrological stations. The results show that there has been a dry trend in the Shandong Province in the past 55 years, that is, with the decrease in precipitation, most of the extreme precipitation index has basically showed a downward trend to varying degrees. In particular, the increase in the number of consecutive dry days (CDD) and the decrease in the number of consecutive wet days (CWD) can better explain the drought in this region. After the 1980s, the extreme precipitation index basically showed an upward trend to varying degrees, indicating that extreme precipitation events have shown an increasing trend in recent years. The spatial distribution of each extreme precipitation index generally increased from north to south. The mutation of each extreme precipitation index occurred in the 1970s and 1990s, and there was a main period of 0.9–2.2 years. In terms of influencing factors, the NINO3 area can be used as the critical sea area for the response of extreme precipitation to SSTAs in the Shandong Province. The research results are helpful to understand the temporal and spatial variations of extreme precipitation and have very important reference value for the prediction of and response to climate change and extreme events in the future.
gp130/STAT3 signaling is required for homeostatic proliferation and anabolism in postnatal growth plate and articular chondrocytes
Authors: Liu Nancy Q. , Lin Yucheng , Li Liangliang , Lu Jinxiu , Geng Dawei , Zhang Jiankang , Jashashvili Tea , Buser Zorica , Magallanes Jenny , Tassey Jade , Shkhyan Ruzanna , Sarkar Arijita , Lopez Noah , Lee Siyoung , Lee Youngjoo , Wang Liming , Petrigliano Frank A. , Van Handel Ben , Lyons Karen , Evseenko Denis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGrowth of long bones and vertebrae is maintained postnatally by a long-lasting pool of progenitor cells. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the output and maintenance of the cells that give rise to mature cartilage. Here we demonstrate that postnatal chondrocyte-specific deletion of a transcription factor Stat3 results in severely reduced proliferation coupled with increased hypertrophy, growth plate fusion, stunting and signs of progressive dysfunction of the articular cartilage. This effect is dimorphic, with females more strongly affected than males. Chondrocyte-specific deletion of the IL-6 family cytokine receptor gp130, which activates Stat3, phenocopied Stat3-deletion; deletion of Lifr, one of many co-receptors that signals through gp130, resulted in a milder phenotype. These data define a molecular circuit that regulates chondrogenic cell maintenance and output and reveals a pivotal positive function of IL-6 family cytokines in the skeletal system with direct implications for skeletal development and regeneration.
Genomic interrogation of a MAGIC population highlights genetic factors controlling fiber quality traits in cotton
Authors: Wang Maojun , Qi Zhengyang , Thyssen Gregory N. , Naoumkina Marina , Jenkins Johnie N. , McCarty Jack C. , Xiao Yingjie , Li Jianying , Zhang Xianlong , Fang David D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber is the most important resource of natural and renewable fiber for the textile industry. However, the understanding of genetic components and their genome-wide interactions controlling fiber quality remains fragmentary. Here, we sequenced a multiple-parent advanced-generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population, consisting of 550 individuals created by inter-crossing 11 founders, and established a mosaic genome map through tracing the origin of haplotypes that share identity-by-descent (IBD). We performed two complementary GWAS methods—SNP-based GWAS (sGWAS) and IBD-based haplotype GWAS (hGWAS). A total of 25 sQTLs and 14 hQTLs related to cotton fiber quality were identified, of which 26 were novel QTLs. Two major QTLs detected by both GWAS methods were responsible for fiber strength and length. The gene Ghir_D11G020400 (GhZF14) encoding the MATE efflux family protein was identified as a novel candidate gene for fiber length. Beyond the additive QTLs, we detected prevalent epistatic interactions that contributed to the genetics of fiber quality, pinpointing another layer for trait variance. This study provides new targets for future molecular design breeding of superior fiber quality.
Functional brain activity constrained by structural connectivity reveals cohort-specific features for serum neurofilament light chain
Authors: Sihag Saurabh , Naze Sébastien , Taghdiri Foad , Gumus Melisa , Tator Charles , Green Robin , Colella Brenda , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Dominguez Luis Garcia , Wennberg Richard , Mikulis David J. , Tartaglia Maria C. , Kozloski James R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeuro-axonal brain damage releases neurofilament light chain (NfL) proteins, which enter the blood. Serum NfL has recently emerged as a promising biomarker for grading axonal damage, monitoring treatment responses, and prognosis in neurological diseases. Importantly, serum NfL levels also increase with aging, and the interpretation of serum NfL levels in neurological diseases is incomplete due to lack of a reliable model for age-related variation in serum NfL levels in healthy subjects.MethodsGraph signal processing (GSP) provides analytical tools, such as graph Fourier transform (GFT), to produce measures from functional dynamics of brain activity constrained by white matter anatomy. Here, we leveraged a set of features using GFT that quantified the coupling between blood oxygen level dependent signals and structural connectome to investigate their associations with serum NfL levels collected from healthy subjects and former athletes with history of concussions.ResultsHere we show that GSP feature from isthmus cingulate in the right hemisphere (r-iCg) is strongly linked with serum NfL in healthy controls. In contrast, GSP features from temporal lobe and lingual areas in the left hemisphere and posterior cingulate in the right hemisphere are the most associated with serum NfL in former athletes. Additional analysis reveals that the GSP feature from r-iCg is associated with behavioral and structural measures that predict aggressive behavior in healthy controls and former athletes.ConclusionsOur results suggest that GSP-derived brain features may be included in models of baseline variance when evaluating NfL as a biomarker of neurological diseases and studying their impact on personality traits.
Preparation of a nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a g-C3N4/MWO4 (M: Cu, Mn, Co, Ni) composite for the determination of H2O2
Authors: Habibi Mohammad Mehdi , Mousavi Mitra , Shadman Zahra , Ghasemi Jahan B. 
Published: January 2022

The GCE was modified with g-C3N4/MWO4 to obtain g-C3N4/MWO4/GCE and applied in H2O2 detection. Under optimized conditions, g-C3N4/CuWO4/GCE displayed superior sensing features, wide linear range, low detection limit, high sensitivity and selectivity.
Improving state estimation accuracy in active distribution networks by coordinating real‐time and pseudo‐measurements considering load uncertainty
Authors: Ajoudani Mojtaba , Shiekholeslami Abdolreza , Zakariazadeh Alireza 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMeasurements at the level of active distribution networks can be classified into three major groups. Data collection and transmission involve the time interval of several seconds for the first category, several minutes to 24 h for the second category, and finally, several weeks to several months for the third category. Considering this three‐level classification of the measurements, state estimation by these data should deal with three kinds of heterogeneous data, but it has undesirable effects on the state estimation process, such as lower accuracy of the results. Despite the existence of heterogeneous data and different time rates, this study presents a state estimation model for updating measurement devices in each of the categories, aiming at establishing coordination among the measured data and increasing the accuracy of the estimation. The opportunities and limitations of the proposed model are compared to those of the conventional models. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, two IEEE standard systems 34‐bus and 123‐bus, have been used. The experimental network includes various load patterns, as well as distributed generation sources whose uncertainty is considered in the proposed model.
Short-timescale X-ray spectral variability in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3783
Authors: Costanzo D. , Dadina M. , Vignali C. , De Marco B. , Cappi M. , Petrucci P. O. , Bianchi S. , Kriss G. A. , Kaastra J. S. , Mehdipour M. , Behar E. , Matzeu G. A. 
Published: January 2022

Aims. We report on the X-ray time-resolved spectral analysis of XMM-Newton observations of NGC 3783. Our main goal is to detect transient features in the Fe K line complex in order to study the dynamics of the innermost accretion flow.
Methods. We reanalyse archival observations of NGC 3783, a bright local active galactic nucleus, for which a transient Fe line was reported, complementing this data set with new available observations. This results in a long set of observations which can allow us to better assess the significance of transient features and possibly test their recurrence time. Moreover, as the new data catch the source in an obscured state, this analysis allows also to test whether the appearance and disappearance of transient features is linked to the presence of obscuring gas.
Results. We detect discrete features at the ≥90% significance level both in emission and in absorption at different times of the observations, split into 5 ks time-resolved spectra. The overall significance of individual features is higher in the obscured dataset. The energy distribution of the detections changes between the two states of the source, and the features appear to cluster at different energies. Counting the occurrences of emission and absorption lines at the same energies, we identify several groups of ≥3σ detections: emission features in the 4–6 keV band are present in all observations and are most likely due to effects of the absorber present in the source; an emission line blend of neutral Fe Kβ and ionised Fe Kα is present in the unobscured dataset; absorption lines produced by gas at different outflowing velocities and ionisation states show an increase in energy between the two epochs, shifting from ∼6.6 keV to ∼6.7 − 6.9 keV. The representation of the features in a time–energy plane via residual maps highlights a possible modulation of the Fe Kα line intensity linked to the clumpiness of the absorbing medium.
The Three Hundred–NIKA2 Sunyaev–Zeldovich Large Program twin samples: Synthetic clusters to support real observations
Authors: Paliwal A. , Artis E. , Cui W. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Ferragamo A. , Gianfagna G. , Kéruzoré F. , Macías-Pérez J.-F. , Mayet F. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Perotto L. , Rasia E. , Ruppin F. , Yepes G. 
Published: January 2022

The simulation database of The Three Hundred Project has been used to pick synthetic clusters of galaxies with properties close to the observational targets of the NIKA2 camera Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) Large Program. Cross–matching of cluster parameters such as mass and redshift of the cluster in the two databases has been implemented to generate the so–called twin samples for the Large Program. This SZ Large Program is observing a selection of galaxy clusters at intermediate and high redshift (0:5 < z < 0:9), covering one order of magnitude in mass. These are SZ–selected clusters from the Planck and Atacama Cosmology Telescope catalogs, wherein the selection is based on their integrated Compton parameter values, Y500: the value of the parameter within the characteristics radius R500.
The Three Hundred hydrodynamical simulations provide us with hundreds of clusters satisfying these redshift, mass, and Y500 requirements. In addition to the standard post-processing analysis of the simulation, mock observational maps are available mimicking X–ray, optical, gravitational lensing, radio, and SZ observations of galaxy clusters. The primary goal of employing the twin samples is to compare different cluster mass proxies from synthetic X–ray, SZ effect and optical maps (via the velocity dispersion of member galaxies and lensing κ-maps) of the clusters. Eventually, scaling laws between different mass proxies and the cluster mass will be cross–correlated to reduce the scatter on the inferred mass and the mass bias will be related to various physical parameters.
Electrocyclization and Unexpected Reactions of Non-Stabilized α,β:γ,δ-Unsaturated Azomethine Ylides: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Kovács Ervin , Nyerges Miklós , Molnár István G. , Mucsi Zoltán 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVersatile, two-step syntheses of dihydrodibenzo[c,e]azepines, carbazole derivatives, and other alkaloid-type drug-like scaffolds by in situ generated azomethine ylide-induced intramolecular electrocyclization reaction from commercially available materials are presented. The reaction mechanisms of transition-metal-free carbon–carbon bond formation and the role of the kinetic control, resulting in the good regioselectivity, were confirmed by theoretical calculations.
Ru(II)-Catalyzed C–H Activation and Alkyne Annulation Reaction of Phenyl Indandiones: Synthesis of Spirobi[indene]diones
Authors: Gogoi Sanjib , Bora Bidisha R. , Sultana Sabera , Sarma Bipul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA Ru(II)-catalyzed synthesis of spirobi[indene]dione from phenyl indandione and alkyne is reported. This metal-catalyzed cyclization reaction proceeds through hydroxy group directed C(sp2)–H bond activation, keto–enol tautomerization and alkyne annulation pathways.