bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe scrub typhus infection in infancy with multiple organ dysfunction
Authors: Ghosh Sanchari , Roychowdhoury Satyabrata , Giri Prabhas Prasun , Basu Ankika , Sarkar Mihir 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Scrub typhus is relatively less common among infants but found to have a mentionable association with multiple organ dysfunction and turbulent course. The aim of this study was to delineate the clinicolaboratory profile of infantile scrub typhus, complication, course of illness, and responsiveness to therapy.

Subjects and Methods:
This retrospective observational study was undertaken in two tertiary care pediatric teaching centers in eastern India among infants with diagnosis of scrub typhus. Clinical features, especially pattern of organ dysfunction, laboratory findings with emphasis on hyperferritinemia, and treatment schedules with responsiveness to therapy, were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:
A total of 272 cases of scrub typhus had been admitted during the study period. Among them, 17 kids (6.25%) were infants. All of them presented with lethargy and poor feeding as a common complaint along with seizures and respiratory distress. Seven out of 17 (41%) were identified early. Fifteen (88%) were critically ill and required pediatric intensive care unit admission, out of which 13 (76.4%) patients were put on ventilator support. Thirteen (76.4%) of them developed hyperferritinemia with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and required additional immunotherapy. Sixteen of them recovered completely without any sequelae. Severe complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and MODS were significantly high (P = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively) and hospital stay was longer (P-0.04) in infants in comparison to older children.

Conclusion:
We conclude that infantile scrub typhus, though not very common, should be considered an important differential in infants presenting with an acute febrile illness with hyperferritinemia and MODS. Infants with scrub typhus can have a more stormy disease course compared to their older counterparts.
A randomized trial to compare thenar eminence dimensions-based method with body weight method to determine I-gel size in pediatric patients
Authors: Engineer Smita R. , Sivashankari B. , Sreekanth Balagopal K. T. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
In pediatric daycare surgery, I gel has been used safely and effectively in anesthetized children. I-gel size is determined routinely by the manufacture's recommended weight-based method. The dimension of thenar eminence can help in determining I-gel size. The aim of this study was to compare the weight-based method and thenar eminence dimension method in the selection of I gel.

Subjects and Methods:
The prospective, randomized, single-blind study included 80 patients of the age group 6 months to 12 years, the American Society of Anesthesiologists class I, II, and III of either gender who were undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Group 1– (n = 40) recommended weight-based method and group 2 – (n = 40) thenar eminence-based method. Parameters observed were proper placement, adequate ventilation, leak fraction (LF), and number of attempts.

Results:
Proper placement and adequate ventilation were comparable between two groups. LF is statistically higher in group 1 compared to group 2 (P = 0.003). The mean insertion time was 17 s in each group. The number of attempts, hemodynamic parameters, and ease of insertion were all comparable between two groups.

Conclusions:
Thenar eminence dimension can be the better method for the recommended weight-based method, especially in the emergency situations when the weight cannot be determined.
Effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies on outcomes of dengue infected children
Authors: Kolla Sravani , Balleda Lokeswari , Thimmapuram Chandra Sekhara Reddy 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) share similar antigenic properties. In some studies, it has been shown that immunological memory/antibodies to dengue virus in endemic countries reduces the severity and spread of COVID-19. It is not known whether SARS-CoV-2 antibodies reduce or augment the severity of dengue viral infections. This study aims to evaluate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies on the outcomes of dengue infection in children.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the pediatric emergency and intensive care units and wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh, India, between August and November 2021.

Results:
About 400 children with dengue infection were admitted to our hospital, of which 96 children also had SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers estimated. In 50 (52.08%) of these 96 children, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG and/or IgM) were positive. In these 96 children, clinical severity and outcomes of dengue infection were compared between the two groups, i.e., with and without SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity.

Conclusions:
The present study provides preliminary evidence that outcome and severity of dengue infection in children are not affected by the SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity.
Predictive Factors Associated with Negative Appendectomy among Clinically Diagnosed Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Pattillath Raheef Pazhaya , Kumar Rajan 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is predominantly based on the typical history and examination findings. However, with clinical evaluation alone, the chances of negative appendectomy (NA) are more common. This article was to study the predictive factors associated with NA among clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis.

Materials and Methods:
This is an observational study of 327 patients who underwent appendectomy with clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Clinical presentation, laboratory, radiological findings and final histology were documented for the outcome analysis.

Results:
Acute appendicitis was more common in the reproductive ages. Alvarado score <4 tended towards NA, while a score more than 7 favoured appendicitis in the final histopathology. Anorexia and nausea also had a significant association with a positive diagnosis, and hence, did an elevated total leucocyte count and ultrasonographic diagnosis. Serum C-reactive protein, however, did not concur with the final diagnosis. Out of 327 patients, 297 diagnoses were confirmed histologically.

Conclusion:
NA rate was 9.17% in this study. Anorexia, nausea, elevated total leucocyte count and US diagnosis correlated well with a positive final diagnosis. Proper clinical and laboratory evaluation, combined with quality ultrasound imaging may reduce the incidence of NA. Thorough pre-operative assessment will avoid the complications of unnecessary surgery and save resources.
Total Laparoscopic Left Hemicolectomy with Preservation of Inferior Mesenteric Artery and Vein Combined with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
Authors: Ma Xiaolong , Guan Xu , Chen Hai Peng , Zhao Zhi Xun , Yang Ming 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
For left side colon cancer surgery, the roots of the inferior mesenteric artery and vein (IMA/IMV) are generally cut to perform the D3 lymph node dissection. In these cases, the extended resection of the colon would be required owing to the poor blood supply of the colon. In order to reduce the risk of distal bowel ischaemia and anastomosis leakage and preserve more normal sigmoid colon function, we aimed to introduce an innovative method to preserve the IMA/IMV and present its efficacy and safety.

Materials and Methods:
From January to February in 2019, two advanced colonic splenic flexure cancer (CSFC) patients received total laparoscopic left hemicolectomy with preservation of IMA/IMV combined with natural orifice specimen extraction surgery. The surgery followed the D3 lymph node dissection principle.

Results:
Two patients underwent a total laparoscopic surgery and no cases were converted to open or laparoscopic-assisted surgery. The mean time of operation was 148 min and mean blood loss was 50 ml. The harvested lymph nodes were 17 and 39 respective and the length of normal bowel both proximal and distal to the tumor more than 10 cm. The mean time of post-operative hospitalisation was 6 days. There were no cases of intra-or post-operative morbidity, or of bleeding owing to vessel injury.

Conclusion:
It is an efficient and safe technique to treat CSFC in a setting of surgeons experienced in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump and On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Prasad Yadav S. Krishna , Pradeep K. K. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
The present study was undertaken to assess the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to compare the incidence of AKI in off-pump and on-pump CABG and to compare the pre-operative and post-operative glomerular filtration rate.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional hospital-based comparative study was done on 98 patients who underwent CABG from August 2017 to August 2018. Non-randomised sampling technique was used and independent sample t-test and Chi-square analysis were done for testing independence of attributes. Significance level was taken to be P < 0.05, and the tests are two-tailed.

Results:
88.6% of the patients who underwent CABG had preserved renal function (PRF), irrespective of the type of CABG. 8.6% of the patients AKI I, 2.2% had AKI II and none had AKI III or AKI IV. Overall, the incidence of AKI in off-pump was lower than the incidence in on-pump.

Conclusions:
AKI is more in patients who underwent CABG using on-pump technique. Ninety per cent of the patients PRF postoperatively. The severity of AKI depends on the baseline renal function.
Comparative Study of Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis Scoring System and Alvarado Scoring System for Clinical Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Lal Nishant , Pillai Aiswarya R , Khan Shafy Ali , Varghese Liju 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Acute appendicitis is essentially a clinical diagnosis, and there are many places in India where confirmation based on radiological imaging is not available immediately. In such scenarios, clinical scoring system comes handy.

Materials and Methods:
This paper is based on a study to compare the sensitivity and specificity of Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) Scoring System and Alvarado Scoring System in the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis. There is very little literature about RIPASA Scoring System.

Results:
The Alvarado Scoring System showed that 6%–12.5% of patients had total score of 5–6 (possible), 31%–64.6% had total score of 7–8 (probable) and 11%–22.9% had total score of 9–10 (very probable). Forty-two patients had a total score of ≥7, which is the cut-off score to be considered for confirming appendicitis. RIPASA Scoring System showed that 43%–89.6% of patients had cut-off score >7.5 (suggestive of appendicitis) and only 5%–10.4% of patients had score <7.5 (other causes).

Conclusions:
RIPASA Scoring System was more sensitive and specific than Alvarado Scoring System in the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Incidence of Level 2B Node Involvement in Carcinoma of Oral Tongue
Authors: Balagopal P. G. , George Ciju K. , Singh Rajesh , George Nebu Abraham 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Head-and-neck cancer is the most common site of malignancy among males in India, and tongue is the second most common subsite. The single most important prognostic factor in tongue cancer is node involvement. During neck dissection, the lymph nodes at different levels of the neck are removed along with nodes at level 2B. However, the surgical dissection at level 2B is associated with the traction of spinal accessory nerve, resulting in shoulder weakness and atrophy of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles significantly affecting the quality of life of the patient.

Aim:
A prospective study to analyse whether you need to address level 2B in all cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral tongue.

Settings and Design:
A prospective study was conducted to assess level 2B node involvement in SCC of oral tongue at Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 236 patients of oral tongue SCC were operated during the year 2015–2018. The data were collected with the help of a questionnaire. All the patients underwent upfront surgery. The patients who received radiotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery were not included in the study. The patients who underwent previous surgery in the neck and oral cavity were also excluded. Only patients with cancerous lesions in the anterior tongue were included in the study.

Results:
Seven patients had level 2B node involvement on histopathology (2.97%). None of the patients in Stage 1 or 2 had level 2B involvement, while all level 2B involved cases were from Stages 3 and 4 with node involvement.

Conclusion:
Routine clearance of level 2B can be avoided in Stages 1 and 2 of oral tongue cancers.
Abdominal Cocoon
Authors: Prasad G. Raghavendra , Subbarao J. V. , Naureen Mahera , Danda Gayatri Reddy 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
There are varied causes for abdominal cocoon. This study aims to present the varied causes of abdominal cocoon and definite pre operative indicator if any.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 38 cases of abdominal cocoon formed the cohort. An attempt was made to compare with the published cases of abdominal cocoon.

Results:
Giant cystic meconium peritonitis and para duodenal hernias were the most common non tubercular acute abdomen in children. Tubercular cocoon, cerebrospinal fluid CSF pseudocyst, ruptured ovarian cyst and idiopathic nonspecific sclerosing peritonitis were other causes. Imaging analysis showed clustering of bowel loops and well defined sac were the most reliable predictors. A comprehensive review of 38 cases of abdominal cocoon showed clustering of the bowel loops as the most reliable preoperative indicator of abdominal cocoon.

Conclusions:
Though there are varied causes for abdominal cocoon, clustering of bowel loops and well defined sac were the most reliable predictors.
Effects of Bacillus spp. as a supplemental probiotic in diets for weaned piglets
Authors: Dumitru M. , Hăbeanu M. , Sorescu I. , Tabuc C. 
Published: May 2022

This article evaluated the effects of supplemental probiotic Bacillus subtilis (Bs) ATCC 6051a (1.6x109cfu/mL) in diets for weaned piglets on their performance and on the occurrence of diarrhoea. Sixty piglets, 30 ±3 days old with initial bodyweight of 8.41±0.92 kg, were allotted randomly to six pens of ten piglets. There were two replicates of each treatment, namely a control diet (C), a diet supplemented with 1% Bs (E1), and a diet supplemented with 3% Bs (E2). Feed was provided ad libitum as flour in two meals per day. Feed materials were examined for total numbers of fungi, aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TNG), Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. The addition of Bs did not influence (P >0.05) bodyweight (BW) or average daily weight gain (ADWG). However, across the experimental period ADWG was greater in E2 and E1 than in C (>1.12 and 1.08 times compared with C). Feed intake (ADFI) by pigs fed C was greater than pigs fed E1 and E2. Feed efficiency was higher in E1 and E2 than the C diet. Addition of 1% Bs decreased (P<0.05) diarrhoea occurrence around 8% compared with C, and 4% compared with 3% Bs. A total of 23.4% of the piglets produced soft faeces. Diarrhoea scores of 2 (mild diarrhoea) and 3 (severe diarrhoea) were observed in 43.75% and 32.81% of the pigs. No differences (P >0.05) were detected between the treatments. The results suggested that E1 could positively affect growth performance and mitigate the occurrence of diarrhoea.
Adravya Chikitsa- A Ayurvedic Holistic Nonpharmacological Approach to Combat Mental Health- A Short Review
Authors: Ashutosh A Debnath  , Rajesh S Kolarkar  , Aparna N Sathe  
Published: May 2022

In the Ayurveda medical system, diseases are further divided into Shareerika Roga and Manasaroga according to Adhistana. To manage all types of diseases, Chikitsa is divided into three categories namely, Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya and Satvavajaya. Daivavyapashraya Chikisa includes measures to combat Daivakrit diseases. Yuktivyapasraya is a form of treatment based on the basic principles of Ayurveda and Satattvavajaya Chikisa can also control mind withdrawing from the unpleasant things. Ayurveda puts extra pressure on Sattvvajaya Chikisha and Daivavyapashraya Chikisa in managing Manovikaras.
Among the Trividha chikitsa, Daivavyapashraya Chikisha has been mentioned earlier due to its "Ashukaritva". It works like Vyadhihara because of Devaprabhava. Satwavajaya Chikitsa is a unique non-pharmacological treatment for psychological disorders. Yuktivyapashraya has two types of treatment meaning internal and external. Inside contains Langhan and Brumhan treatments.
The treatment is of two types - Dravyabhuta (drug therapy) and Adravyabhuta (non-drug or non-pharmacological therapy). Both species have their significance to varying degrees in different places. The same names of Bheshaja (medicine) such as Pathya, Prayashchitta and Hita also indicate the importance of Adravyabhuta chikitsa. Adravyabhuta chikitsa is recommended for both Sharirika rogas (somatic diseases) and Mansika rogas (psychological disorders). There is a need to thrive Adravyabhuta chikitsa and Dravyabhuta chikitsa to get the results you want and the best conditions for various ailments and to maintain a normal body condition. The various measures of Adravyabhuta chikitsa described in the dispersed manner in Ayurveda are collected, compiled and discussed in this research paper.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) and Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i): Making a pragmatic choice in diabetes management
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Saptarshi Bhattacharya  , Nitin Kapoor  
Published: May 2022

created opportunities for comprehensive diabetes care. Two classes of drugs, GLP1RA (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists), and SGLT2i (sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors) have demonstrated their efficacy in glucose control as well as cardiovascular risk reduction. While both can be used together, there is an ongoing debate regarding their relative advantages and limitations. We present a clinical perspective to compare and control these two classes of drugs, and promote rational prescription in diabetes praxis.
Keywords: Canagliflozin, CV risk reduction, dapagliflozin, dulaglutide, empagliflozin, GLP1RA, liraglutide, obesity, semaglutide, SGLT2i.
Hubungan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pada Hotel di Bogor
Authors: Melati Berti Anggun 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to discuss and analyze the training program and its effect on work productivity. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis, with multiple linear regression analysis, validity test and reliability test. The results of hypothesis testing have proven that there is a significant effect between the implementation of the training program on employee productivity. Tests prove that the implementation of training has a positive effect on employee productivity by R 0.73% while the remaining 27% is not in this study which includes employee willingness to train, report employee progress and increase knowledge. While the most dominant variables affect employee productivity at hotels in Bogor. are training, awarding and different educational backgrounds.
Keywords: implementation of education, training, work productivity
Analisis Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penggajian Dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Intern pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat
Authors: Panjaitan, Latifah Hanum Br , Nasution  Yenni Samri Juliaty 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine how the payroll accounting information system supports internal control at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources in this case are primary data and secondary data. Data collection technique in this study using interviews,observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the payroll accounting information system used by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Bandar Selamat is good and adequate in supporting management to carry out internal control of the company. This is said to be good because the company provides positions to employees with various levels of education and abilities of each employee. There is a separation of the duties and responsibilities of employees in handling of employees in handing the employee payroll process. However, there are still errors in recording employee time which cause the system to not properly. And Finally the internal control in the payroll accounting information system is in accordance with the procedures established by the company.
Keywords : Payroll,Accounting,Information,System, Internal Control.
A case study on effectiveness of bhavita churna of Asoka twak in Premenstrual Syndrome
Authors: Ajayakumar Ardra , V V Shincymol , P Y Ansary , Oommen Sara Moncy 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disease characterised by manifestation of physical and psychological symptoms in females. It is a disorder of unknown etiology that recurs in the luteal phase of an ovulatory menstrual cycle. In Ayurvedic perspective, vitiation of tridoshas particularly vata can be observed in the pathogenesis of PMS. The Asoka - Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde has got vedanasthapana, pittakaphahara and sokanasana karma which implies that it can cure both somatic and affective symptoms. Bhavana includes processing of churna with liquid extracts to increase the potency. A clinical case of premenstrual syndrome has been selected to study the effectiveness of bhavita churna (processed powder) of stem bark of the drug. The treatment was conducted in the luteal phase (14 days prior to menstruation) for three menstrual cycles and a follow up was also carried out for another three consecutive menstrual cycles. There was significant reduction in symptoms as assessed through Premenstrual Syndrome Scale after 3 cycles of treatment when compared to before treatment. The effect sustained even after follow up. The Asoka - Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde stood as an effective drug for relieving physical and psychological symptoms observed in PMS.
Key words: Asoka, Premenstrual Syndrome, bhavita churna, vedanasthapana, sokanasana