bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A coarse-grained approach to model the dynamics of the actomyosin cortex
Authors: Hernández-del-Valle Miguel , Valencia-Expósito Andrea , López-Izquierdo Antonio , Casanova-Ferrer Pau , Tarazona Pedro , Martín-Bermudo Maria D. , Míguez David G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The dynamics of the actomyosin machinery is at the core of many important biological processes. Several relevant cellular responses such as the rhythmic compression of the cell cortex are governed, at a mesoscopic level, by the nonlinear interaction between actin monomers, actin crosslinkers, and myosin motors. Coarse-grained models are an optimal tool to study actomyosin systems, since they can include processes that occur at long time and space scales, while maintaining the most relevant features of the molecular interactions.

Results
Here, we present a coarse-grained model of a two-dimensional actomyosin cortex, adjacent to a three-dimensional cytoplasm. Our simplified model incorporates only well-characterized interactions between actin monomers, actin crosslinkers and myosin, and it is able to reproduce many of the most important aspects of actin filament and actomyosin network formation, such as dynamics of polymerization and depolymerization, treadmilling, network formation, and the autonomous oscillatory dynamics of actomyosin.

Conclusions
We believe that the present model can be used to study the in vivo response of actomyosin networks to changes in key parameters of the system, such as alterations in the attachment of actin filaments to the cell cortex.
NKX2-5 variants screening in patients with atrial septal defect in Indonesia
Authors: Rozqie Royhan , Satwiko Muhammad Gahan , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan , Sadewa Ahmad Hamim , Gunadi  , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Mumpuni Hasanah , Dinarti Lucia Kris 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
NKX2-5 variant in atrial septal defect patients has been reported. However, it is not yet been described in the Southeast Asian population. Here, we screened the NKX2-5 variants in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) in the Indonesian population.

Method
We recruited 97 patients with ASD for genetic screening of the NKX2-5 variant using Sanger sequencing.

Results
We identified three variants of NKX2-5: NM_004387.4:c.63A>G at exon 1, NM_004387.4:c.413G>A, and NM_004387.4:c.561G>C at exon 2. The first variant is commonly found (85.6%) and benign. The last two variants are heterozygous at the same locus. These variants are rare (3.1%) and novel. Interestingly, these variants were discovered in familial atrial septal defects with a spectrum of arrhythmia and severe pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusion
Our study is the first report of the NKX2-5 variant in ASD patients in the Southeast Asian population, including a novel heterozygous variant: NM_004387.4:c.413G>A and NM_004387.4:c.561G>C. These variants might contribute to familial ASD risk with arrhythmia and severe pulmonary hypertension. Functional studies are necessary to prove our findings.
Identifying health care access barriers in southern rural Ecuador
Authors: Brusnahan Anthony , Carrasco-Tenezaca Majo , Bates Benjamin R. , Roche Rosellen , Grijalva Mario J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Access to professional health care providers in Loja Province, Ecuador can be difficult for many citizens. The Health Care Access Barrier Model (HCAB) was established to provide a framework for classification, analysis, and reporting of modifiable health care access barriers. This study uses the HCAB Model to identify barriers and themes impacting access to health care access in southern rural Ecuador.

Methods
The research team interviewed 22 participants and completed 15 participant observation studies in the study area. Interviews and a single focus group session of artisans were recorded and transcribed from Spanish to English, and thematic analysis was performed.

Results
The thematic analysis found financial, structural, and cognitive health care access barriers. Cost of medications, transportation, missed responsibilities at work and home, difficulty scheduling appointments, and misconceptions in health literacy were the predominant themes contributing to health care access. These pressure points provide insight on where actions may be taken to alleviate access barriers.

Conclusion
Modifiable health care access barriers outlined in the HCAB are evident in the study area. Further research and implementation of programs to resolve these barriers, such as the creation of health care subcenters and/or mobile clinic, insurance coverage of specialized care, increasing availability and accessibility to affordable transportation, improving roadways, introduction of a 24/7 call center to schedule medical visits, monetary incentive for primary care physicians to practice in rural and underserved areas, provision of affordable work equipment, and emphasizing the improvement of health care literacy through education, may diminish current barriers, identify additional barriers, and improve overall health in the rural area of Loja, Ecuador and similar rural regions around the world.
Antibody-mediated delivery of a viral MHC-I epitope into the cytosol of target tumor cells repurposes virus-specific CD8+ T cells for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Jung Keunok , Son Min-Jeong , Lee Se-Young , Kim Jeong-Ah , Ko Deok-Han , Yoo Sojung , Kim Chul-Ho , Kim Yong-Sung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundRedirecting pre-existing virus-specific cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes (CTLs) to tumors by simulating a viral infection of the tumor cells has great potential for cancer immunotherapy. However, this strategy is limited by lack of amenable method for viral antigen delivery into the cytosol of target tumors. Here, we addressed the limit by developing a CD8+Tcellepitope-delivering antibody, termed a TEDbody, which was engineered to deliver a viral MHC-I epitope peptide into the cytosol of target tumor cells by fusion with a tumor-specific cytosol-penetrating antibody.MethodsTo direct human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CTLs against tumors, we designed a series of TEDbodies carrying various CMV pp65 antigen-derived peptides. CMV-specific CTLs from blood of CMV-seropositive healthy donors were expanded for use in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Comprehensive cellular assays were performed to determine the presentation mechanism of TEDbody-mediated CMV peptide-MHC-I complex (CMV-pMHCI) on the surface of target tumor cells and the recognition and lysis by CMV-specific CTLs. In vivo CMV-pMHCI presentation and antitumor efficacy of TEDbody were evaluated in immunodeficient mice bearing human tumors.ResultsTEDbody delivered the fused epitope peptides into target tumor cells to be intracellularly processed and surface displayed in the form of CMV-pMHCI, leading to disguise target tumor cells as virally infected cells for recognition and lysis by CMV-specific CTLs. When systemically injected into tumor-bearing immunodeficient mice, TEDbody efficiently marked tumor cells with CMV-pMHCI to augment the proliferation and cytotoxic property of tumor-infiltrated CMV-specific CTLs, resulting in significant inhibition of the in vivo tumor growth by redirecting adoptively transferred CMV-specific CTLs. Further, combination of TEDbody with anti-OX40 agonistic antibody substantially enhanced the in vivo antitumor activity.ConclusionOur study offers an effective technology for MHC-I antigen cytosolic delivery. TEDbody may thus have utility as a therapeutic cancer vaccine to redirect pre-existing anti-viral CTLs arising from previously exposed viral infections to attack tumors.
In a large Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) cohort, concomitant celiac disease is associated with family history of autoimmunity and a more severe JIA course: a retrospective study
Authors: Naddei Roberta , Di Gennaro Simona , Guarino Alfredo , Troncone Riccardo , Alessio Maria , Discepolo Valentina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
A higher prevalence of celiac disease (CD) has been reported in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared to the general population. Factors related to the increased risk of co-occurrence and associated disease course have not been fully elucidated. Aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of CD in a large Southern Italian cohort of children with JIA, describe their clinical features and disease course and investigate risk factors associated with their co-occurrence.

Findings
Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of all patients with JIA admitted to our Pediatric Rheumatology Unit from January 2001 to June 2019, who underwent CD screening, were retrospectively extracted from clinical charts and analyzed. Eight of 329 JIA patients were diagnosed with CD, resulting in a prevalence higher than the general Italian population (2.4% vs 0.93%, p < 0.05). Familiarity for autoimmunity was reported by 87.5% patients with JIA and CD compared to 45.8% of those without CD (p < 0.05). 87.5% patients with JIA and CD required both a conventional Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug (DMARD) and a biological DMARD over time compared to 36.4% of those without CD (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
A higher CD prevalence was found in a large JIA cohort, supporting the need for CD screening in all JIA children, especially those with a family history of autoimmunity, found to be associated with the co-occurrence of the two diseases. This is clinically relevant since patients with CD and JIA more often required a step-up therapy, suggesting a more severe JIA clinical course.
A novel cocktail therapy based on quintuplet combination of oncolytic herpes simplex virus-2 vectors armed with interleukin-12, interleukin-15, GM-CSF, PD1v, and IL-7 × CCL19 results in enhanced antitumor efficacy
Authors: Hu Han , Zhang Siqi , Cai Linkang , Duan Haixiao , Li Yuying , Yang Junhan , Wang Yang , Liu Biao , Dong Shuang , Fang Zhizheng , Liu Binlei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSelectively replicating herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) vector is a promising treatment for cancer therapy. The insertion of multiple transgenes into the viral genome has been performed to improve its oncolytic activity.MethodsHerein, we simultaneously constructed five “armed” oncolytic viruses (OVs), designated oHSV2-IL12, -IL15, GM-CSF, -PD1v, and IL7 × CCL19. These OVs delete theICP34.5andICP47genes with the insertion of transgenes into the deletedICP34.5locus. The anti-tumor efficacy in vivo was tested in the syngeneic 4T1 and CT26 tumor-bearing mice model.ResultsThe OVs showed comparable oncolytic capability in vitro. The combination therapy of oHSV2-IL12, -IL15, GM-CSF, -PD1v, and IL7 × CCL19 exhibited the highest tumor inhibition efficacy compared with the treatment of single OV or two OVs combination.ConclusionsThe OVs armed with different transgenes combination therapy also named 5-valent oHSV2 (also called cocktail therapy) might be an effective therapeutic strategy for solid tumors.
A severe case of human rhinovirus A45 with central nervous system involvement and viral sepsis
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhao Hongwei , Feng Ziheng , Liu Yingchao , Feng Qianyu , Qian Suyun , Xu Lili , Gao Hengmiao , Xie Zhengde 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Rhinovirus is a common viral aetiology of upper respiratory infection and is mostly associated with common cold or flu-like illness. Although rhinovirus has been recognized as a pathogen for lower respiratory infections in severe cases credited to advances in molecular detection, central nervous system involvement and multiorgan dysfunction are extremely rare.

Case presentation
A previously healthy 10-year-old girl developed fever, sore throat and conjunctive injection after contact with an upper respiratory infection patient, followed by seizures, haematuria, and severe diarrhoea. She experienced viral sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction after admission. Cerebral computed tomography showed significant diffuse encephaledema. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed significantly elevated protein levels. After her consciousness disturbance improved, she still took a long time to recover from haematuria and diarrhoea. We identified a rarely reported rhinovirus A45 in her oropharyngeal and anal swabs by metagenomic next-generation sequencing, and bacterial culture of blood specimens yielded negative results.

Conclusions
This case presents a patient with severe rhinovirus infection, which was very likely responsible for her central nervous system symptoms and viral sepsis.
On a viscous fourth-order parabolic equation with boundary degeneracy
Authors: Liang Bo , Su Caiyue , Wang Ying , Li Xiumei , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA viscous fourth-order parabolic equation with boundary degeneracy is studied. By using the variational method, the existence of a time-discrete fourth-order elliptic equation with homogeneous boundary conditions is solved. Moreover, the existence and uniqueness for the corresponding parabolic problem with nondegenerate coefficient is shown by several asymptotic limit processes. Finally, by applying the regularization method, the existence and uniqueness for the problem with degenerate boundary coefficient is obtained by applying the energy method and a small parameter limit process.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance and possible weak antilocalization in Mg3Bi2 single crystal
Authors: Ma Yuzhe , Wang Yulong , Wang Gang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Kagome compound Mg3Bi2 has recently been proposed as a type-II nodal-line semimetal, which may exhibit novel transport phenomena. We grew Mg3Bi2 single crystals by a Bi flux method and systematically investigated the magneto-transport properties. A large transverse magnetoresistance anisotropy around 20 was observed for I // (00l) at 2 K under a magnetic field of 5 T. The gourd-shaped out-plane angle-dependent magnetoresistance indicates that the Fermi surface has a two-fold symmetry and strong anisotropy. The cusp-like magnetoresistance for I // (0kl) (k = integer,

) at low temperature and low magnetic field shows evidence of weak antilocalization. The magnetoconductance measured at different angle merges together when plotted as a function of

at

, showing that the domination of topological surface states when

.
Analysis of baryon to entropy ratio in Ricci inverse gravity
Authors: Jawad Abdul , Sultan Abdul Malik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This letter is devoted to investigate the matter-antimatter asymmetry through baryogenesis (and generalized gravitational baryogenesis interaction) in the realm of f(R, A) theory of gravity also known as Ricci inverse gravity, where R is the curvature scalar and A is the anti-curvature scalar. Baryogensis (baryon to entropy ratio

) is a theoretical process that took place in the early history of the universe producing supremacy of matter over anti-matter, where S is entropy of universe and

is the baryon (anti-baryon) number. In this article, we inspect the consequences of

interactions proportional to

and

. We take

as specific model to analyze the phenomenon of baryogenesis and generalized gravitational baryogenesis. Our outcomes show that f(R, A) gravity can come up consistently and significantly to the phenomenon of gravitational baryogenesis. We compare our results with latest astrophysical data of baryon to entropy ratio, which exhibits outstanding compatibility with the observational bounds.
Community engagement for the Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) program: an analysis of key stakeholder roles to promote a sustainable program in Zambia
Authors: Zulu Joseph M. , Mwamba Trevor , Rosen Alyssa , Matenga Tulani Francis L. , Mulawa Joseph Mulanda , Kaimba Mutale , Chilembo Masitano , Silondwa Madaliso , Kamboyi Royd L. , Simwanza Sylvia Chila , Sichone George , Chavula Malizgani Paul 
Published: April 2022

Background: Within the Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) programme, community engagement has been central in facilitating the acceptance of VMMC, especially in non-circumcising communities. We used the case of the development of community engagement plans for sustainability of VMMC in Zambia to illustrate diversity of stakeholders, their power, roles, and strategies in community engagement. Methods: Data were collected using document review, in-depth interviews (n=35) and focus group discussions (n=35) with community stakeholders, health workers, health centre committees, counsellors, teachers, community volunteers and parents/caregivers. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The analysis was guided by the power and interest model. Results: Differences were noted between the rural and urban sites in terms of power/influence and interest rating of community stakeholders who could be involved in the sustainability phase of the VMMC response in Zambia. For example, in the urban setting, neighbourhood health committees (NHCs), health workers, leaders of clubs, community health workers (CHWs), radio, television and social media platforms were ranked highest. From this list, social media and television platforms were not highly ranked in rural areas. Some stakeholders had more sources of power than others. Forms or sources of power included technical expertise, local authority, financial resources, collective action (action through schools, churches, media platforms, other community spaces), and relational power. Key roles and strategies included strengthening and broadening local coordination systems, enhancing community involvement, promoting community-led monitoring and evaluation, through the use of locally recognised communication spaces and channels, facilitating ownership of VMMC, and improving local accountability processes in VMMC activities. Conclusions: By consulting with the most relevant stakeholders, and considering community needs in programme development, the VMMC programme may be able to leverage the community structures and systems to reduce long term demand generation costs for VMMC and increase the acceptability and frequency of male circumcision.
A pilot study of the data demands of different stakeholders for the future Ethiopian dairy sector
Authors: Perry Brian D. , Aklilu Yacob , Hailemariam Solomon , Legese Getachew , Smyth Karen , Peters Andrew R. , Allan Fiona K. , Tegegne Azage 
Published: April 2022

Background: This paper describes a pilot study undertaken in 2018, to determine the key data needs of each of the different Ethiopian dairy sector stakeholder groups. The study aimed to characterise the emerging trends of dairy product production, processing, retailing and consumption in Ethiopia, and to identify and characterise current and future data needs of different stakeholders. Methods: The study undertook a mapping of the interactions between different stakeholders in the dairy sector, and an interactive evaluation of the institutional data repository and access options. Focus group discussions and interviews were held in three regions of the country prior to a two-day workshop in the capital Addis Ababa. Data needs were characterised by type, availability, format, level of detail, methods of dissemination, uptake and use, and the institutional arrangement, including the different roles of public and private sectors in decision making processes. Results: The study highlighted the main data needs and identified several broader institutional issues constraining the further development of the Ethiopian dairy sector. The stakeholder groups endorsed the reactivation of a national dairy board, independent of government but closely incorporating government, and with the buy-in and membership of private sector enterprises, including producers, processers, service providers and consumers, to provide clearer facilitative leadership on the dairy industry. Conclusions: The study workshop provided a timely discussion between diverse stakeholders, including government, and several potential organisations were suggested to host and manage a national dairy database. Importantly, the reactivation of a national dairy board was strongly endorsed. It was recommended that stakeholder links be established, sector-specific data needs be elevated to higher detail, and a national roll out of herd-specific data recording schemes was called for, to allow for effective evidence-based policies and decision making.
First steps towards the detection of contact layers in Bangime: a multi-disciplinary, computer-assisted approach
Authors: Hantgan Abbie , Babiker Hiba , List Johann-Mattis 
Published: April 2022

Bangime is a language isolate, which has not been proven to be genealogically related to any other language family, spoken in Central-Eastern Mali. Its speakers, the Bangande, claim affiliation with the Dogon languages and speakers that surround them throughout a cliff range known as the Bandiagara Escarpment. However, recent genetic research has shown that the Bangande are genetically distant from the Dogon and other groups. Furthermore, the Bangande people represent a genetic isolate. Despite the geographic isolation of the Bangande people, evidence of language contact is apparent in the Bangime language. We find a plethora of shared vocabulary with neighboring Atlantic, Dogon, Mande, and Songhai language groups. To address the problem of when and whence this vocabulary emerged in the language, we use a computer-assisted, multidisciplinary approach to investigate layers of contact and inheritance in Bangime. We start from an automated comparison of lexical data from languages belonging to different language families in order to obtain a first account on potential loanword candidates in our sample. In a second step, we use specific interfaces to refine and correct the computational findings. The revised sample is then investigated quantitatively and qualitatively by focusing on vocabularies shared exclusively between specific languages. We couch our results within archeological and historical research from Central-Eastern Mali more generally and propose a scenario in which the Bangande formed part of the expansive Mali Empire that encompassed most of West Africa from the 13th to the 16th centuries. We consider our methods to represent a novel approach to the investigation of a language and population isolate from multiple perspectives using innovative computer-assisted technologies.
Technical Note—Online Hypergraph Matching with Delays
Authors: Pavone Marco , Saberi Amin , Schiffer Maximilian , Tsao Matt Wu 
Published: April 2022

Scheduling High-Capacity Shared Rides via Hypergraph Matchings Sharing economies, such as Uber Pool and Lyft Shared Saver, are becoming ubiquitous in modern transportation services. “Online Hypergraph Matching with Delays” by M. Pavone, A. Saberi, M. Schiffer, and M. Tsao studies an online hypergraph matching problem inspired by on-demand scheduling of shared rides in ridehailing systems. They formulate a ridesharing problem through a weighted hypergraph in which riders are represented by vertices and hyperedges and the associated weights represent the utility of serving the associated vertices groups of riders with a single vehicle. A ridesharing algorithm is, thus, a matching algorithm for the hypergraph. To model the on-demand nature of ridesharing, riders arrive sequentially and must either be quickly and irrevocably matched or discarded. In this work, the authors present a polynomial-time algorithm based on randomized batching and prove that it has the optimal worst-case performance.