bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting the Overall Survival of Patients with Metastatic Gastric Cancer who Undergo Surgery
Authors: Guan Jiayun , Sun Dan , Pan Xixin , Liu Feiye , Rong Xiaoxiang , Ou Yanhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The benefits of surgery in patients with metastatic gastric cancer remain unclear. A nomogram may predict overall survival (OS) time of patients with metastatic gastric cancer who undergo surgery.
Methods
The development set consisted of 1300 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program who were diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer and underwent surgery in 2004–2015, whereas the validation set consisted of 555 patients diagnosed in 2004–2015. Variables were incorporated into a Cox proportional hazards model to identify independent risk factors for survival. Nomograms predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS probabilities were designed using the development dataset. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were plotted to determine the accuracy of the nomograms. The net benefit of prediction models was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
Age, primary tumor site, T stage, and N stage were risk factors for OS, whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy were protective factors of OS. A nomogram including all of these variables had areas under the ROC curves (AUC) predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS of 0.684, 0.676, and 0.685, respectively, for the development dataset and 0.689, 0.642, and 0.665, respectively, for the validation dataset. A calibration curve showed that the OS probability predicted by the nomogram was in good agreement with the actual OS probability. The DCA curves suggested that the nomogram provides a superior net benefit.
Conclusions
This nomogram can help predict the OS of patients with metastatic gastric cancer who underwent surgery. This nomogram can help clinicians make correct clinical decisions to prolong the OS of these patients.
Predictors of central line-associated bloodstream infections in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy through implanted venous access ports: a cross-sectional, observational study
Authors: Chen Hao , Yamane Takamasa , Kazahari Hiroki , Ishihara Masashi , Sakamoto Takahiko , Tanzawa Shigeru , Honda Takeshi , Ichikawa Yasuko , Watanabe Kiyotaka , Seki Nobuhiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Central vascular catheters (CVCs) are superior to peripheral vascular access in chemotherapy. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are an important complication of CVCs in chemotherapy.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted to investigate patients with implanted venous access ports (PORTs) from July 2010 to June 2021 in a teaching hospital. General conditions of the PORTs, backgrounds, and characteristics of patients were compared between CLABSI and uninfected patients to identify predictors of CLABSI.Results: A total of 566 patients with PORTs who underwent chemotherapy were enrolled in this study, with CLABSI identified in 41 patients, for a total of 436,597 catheter-days. The median duration of PORT use was 26 days vs 494 days (p < 0.001) in the CLABSI and uninfected groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in tumor classification, staging, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil proportion, lymphocyte proportion, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and performance status between the CLABSI and uninfected groups. Multivariable analysis showed that total protein, antibiotic usage before one week, and immediate use of PORT were independently associated with CLABSI, and their odds ratios (ORs) were 1.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08, 3.13), 3.34 (95%CI 1.20, 9.32), and 2.37 (95%CI 1.01, 5.54), respectively.Conclusions: PORT implantation should be avoided in patients who have received antibiotic treatment or had antibiotic treatment episodes within one week, especially for those with low serum total protein levels.
Diversity and Richness of the Herbaceous Assemblage on Urbanized and Non-urbanized Dunes on the Brazilian Amazonian Coast
Authors: Amorim Ingrid Fabiana Fonseca , Lima Patrícia Barbosa , Santos-Filho Francisco Soares , Almeida Eduardo Bezerra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The urbanization is a factor that directly affects the structure of vegetation, which makes it essential studies aimed at conserving the biodiversity of these environments. This study aimed to describe the structure of the vegetation and identify the predominant species in order to record the herbaceous composition in non-urbanized and urbanized dune areas, analyzing the diversity of and richness of the dunes of Maranhão Island. The study was conducted in six dunes in which were allocated 150 plots in non-urbanized and 150 plots in urbanized dunes. We counted all the herbs in each plot (1 m2), recording data on richness, diversity and vegetation cover. To evaluate the difference in the composition of the areas, the following tests were used: Shapiro-Wilk W test (data distribution), Student t test (species richness) and Hutcheson t test (diversity comparison). NMDS showed that the urbanized and non-urbanized dunes presented distinct species compositions and densities; ANOSIM and the INDVAL test revealed a significant correlation between dunes and plots. We recorded 3,643 individuals: of this total, 2,075 individuals in urbanized dunes and 1,568 individuals in non-urbanized dunes; we found 91 species, 59 genera and 27 families. Richness was higher in urbanized areas; however, non-urbanized areas showed greater diversity and uniformity. The floristic composition of the areas differed, according to the species indicator, showing 19 typical urbanized dune species and 9 non-urbanized dune species. The diversity of the herbaceous vegetation provide important data that can be used to guide research on conservation and management of dune areas.
Estimation of chlorophyll and nitrogen in double-cropping rice based on machine learning
Authors: Zhu Haijun , Zhang Ting , He Xiao-E , Shi Ai-Long , Wen Tian , Tan Wei-Jian , Xue Hua-Liang , Yi Zhen-Xie , Wang Xue-Hua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It can solve the disadvantages of traditional crop biochemical parameters measurement methods on combining hyperspectral technology with machine learning technology to retrieve crop growth index. Four nitrogen application levels were set by taking rice varieties Zhuliangyou 819 and Zhuliangyou 39 as materials. Through the rice test in 2020, the spectral data of rice leaves at different growth stages and their corresponding SPAD values and nitrogen contents were collected. Savitzky-Golay Smoothing (SG), Standard Normal Variable (SNV), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiplicative Scattering Correction (MSC) were used to preprocess spectral reflectance. Three classifiers, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Random Forest (RF) were used to build the model. The results showed that SG-PLSR combination had the highest accuracy in predicting chlorophyll and nitrogen in double-cropping rice. The test results provide a good reference for other indexes of rice.
Left atrial appendage closure in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Yu Yunan , Xu Jing , Wang Liang , Ye Zi , Chen Zhisong , Chen Fadong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) concomitant with coronary artery disease (CAD) may increase the risk of thromboembolism. Antithrombotic therapy for NVAF patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains contradictory and challenging. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in a cohort of patients with NVAF and PCI.Methods: 109 patients undergoing LAAC procedures between March 2017 and December 2020 were categorized into 2 groups, 36 patients with PCI (Group I) and 73 without (Group II). Peri-procedural and long-term complications as well as ischemia and bleeding events were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Group I had more diabetes mellitus (55.6% vs. 26.0%; p=0.003), a higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (5.44±1.85 vs. 4.22±1.64; p=0.002) and HAS-BLED scores (3.39±0.93 vs. 2.74±1.05; p=0.003) compared to Group II. Procedure-related complications within 7 days were similar in both groups (8.3% vs 8.2%; P= 1.000). Over a median follow-up period of 20 months, there were no significant differences between two subgroups with regard to cardiovascular death (2.8% vs. 0%, p=0.330), stroke/transient ischemic attack (2.8% vs. 5.5%, p=1.000), major bleeding (0% vs. 2.7%, p=1.000) and device related thrombus (8.3% vs. 1.4%, p=0.104). The observed annualised thromboembolic and major bleeding events by Kaplan–Meier analysis was decreased by 82.4% and 100% in group I, 55.9% and 75.8% in group II, respectively.Conclusions: LAAC is a safe and effective option for stroke prevention in NVAF patients with PCI.
The Prevalence and Characterization of Comorbid Medical Conditions in Adult Patients Having Elective Surgery
Authors: Aronson Solomon , Williams David , Crittenden Timothy , Murray Sutton , Fuller Matt 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Identifying pre-surgery medical conditions has important implications for patient care, research, and policy. We hypothesized that modifiable medical conditions before surgery are common and under-recognized. Methods: Adult patients scheduled for elective surgery in a single site academic tertiary hospital from January 2019 through December 2020 were screened for modifiable medical and lifestyle conditions by history and chart review and an electronic medical record (EMR) screening tool. The presence of a modifiable medical conditions was quantified and characterized by surgical site of service, ASA status, age, gender, race, visit type and surgical service. Patients screened for transplant, eye surgery, obstetric care, GI, or other “endoscopy” procedures, were excluded. If more than one surgery was performed, then only the first procedure was included. A logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of patient characteristics with odds of having any modifiable condition. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Agreement between history - chart review versus the EMR screening tool was compared using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Patient characteristics associated with the presence of modifiable medical conditions were assessed using chi-squared tests. Results: 19, 838 (63%) of 31,291 qualified patients evaluated had at least one modifiable medical condition or qualified for lifestyle modification. 76.5% of Inpatients had a modifiable condition versus 56.4% of outpatients. Older patients were more likely to have at least one modifiable medical condition (p<0.001) compared to younger patients and Black or African American patients were more likely to have at least one modifiable medical condition compared to Caucasian patients [OR 1.34 (1.26-1.44), (p<0.001). Site of service, age, gender, race, visit type and surgical service were independent predictors of a medical condition at the time of surgery. The likelihood of discovery of a medical condition was significantly greater with use of the EMR screening tool compared to a designation of a medical conditions based on chart review reliance alone (p<0.0001).Conclusion: The prevalence of co-existing and potentially modifiable co-morbid medical conditions among adult patients scheduled to undergo elective surgery is high regardless of surgery site of service with noteworthy differences among patient populations.
Research On Visual Question Answering Based On Dynamic Memory Network Model Of Multiple Attention Mechanisms
Authors: Yalin Miao , Shuyun He , Wenfang Cheng , Guodong Li , Meng Tong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since the existing visual question answering model lacks long-term memory modules for answering complex questions, it is easy to cause the loss of effective information. In order to further improve the accuracy of the visual question answering model, this paper applies the multiple attention mechanism combining channel attention and spatial attention to memory networks for the first time and proposes a dynamic memory network model (DMN-MA) based on the multiple attention mechanism. The model uses the multiple attention mechanism in the situational memory module to obtain the most relevant visual vectors for answering questions based on continuous memory updating, storage and iterative inference of the questions, and effectively uses contextual information for answer inference. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the model in this paper reaches 64.57% and 67.18% on the large-scale public datasets COCO-QA and VQA2.0, respectively.
An analytical relationship for calculating the surface evaporation rate of the AL2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids using numerical and RSM methods
Authors: Bayati Morteza , Sarvestani Mohsen Tahmasebi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The surface evaporation rate of water as a base fluid and Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids have been investigated numerically and analytically. The numerical analysis was performed through a 3D-CFD code. The analytical study was formed by the response surface method (RSM) to optimize the old analytical relationships for pure water, including various effects affecting the evaporation rate and applying them to nanoparticles. The obtained results were validated with experimental and correlation results in the literature. The optimization process was done to obtain an algebraic expression to predict the surface evaporation rate that includes the factors affecting evaporation. Then, the RSM method got the maximum and minimum values of the evaporation rate. It was found that the presence of the nanoparticles in the base fluid leads to a change in the saturation vapor pressure and subsequently changes the surface evaporation rate of the base fluid. In this research a correlation for surface evaporation rate in terms of input parameters such as air velocity, the saturation vapor pressure of the nanofluid, relative humidity, nanofluid, air temperature, nanoparticle size, and concentration of the nanoparticle was obtained.
Association of Maternal Psychological Distress and Use of Childcare Facilities with Children's Behavior Problems: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
Authors: Takahashi Ippei , Murakami Keiko , Kobayashi Mika , Kikuchi Saya , Igarashi Ayaka , Obara Taku , Ishikuro Mami , Ueno Fumihiko , Noda Aoi , Onuma Tomomi , Matsuzaki Fumiko , Kobayashi Natsuko , Hamada Hirotaka , Iwama Noriyuki , Saito Masatoshi , Sugawara Junichi , Tomita Hiroaki , Yaegashi Nobuo , Kure Shigeo , Kuriyama Shinichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Childcare facilities have been reported as a factor in lowering the association of postnatal psychiatric symptoms with children's behavior problems; however, no studies have considered prenatal psychiatric symptoms. This study aimed to examine whether the use of childcare facilities moderates the association of maternal psychological distress in the prenatal and postnatal periods with behavior problems in children.
Methods
The present study was based on the data from 23,130 mother-child pairs participating in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. We used the K6 to assess and divide maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and two years postpartum into four categories: none in both prenatal and postnatal periods (none), only the prenatal period (prenatal only); only the postnatal period (postnatal only); both prenatal and postnatal periods (both). The children's behavior problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½-5 (CBCL) at four years of age. The clinical range of the externalizing, internalizing, and total problem scales of the CBCL was defined as having behavior problems. To examine whether the use of childcare facilities moderates the association between maternal psychological distress and children's behavior problems, we conducted a stratified analysis based on the use of childcare facilities or not at two years old. In addition, the interaction term between maternal psychological distress and the use of childcare facilities was included as a covariate in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to confirm the p-value for interaction.
Results
The prevalence of the clinical ranges of externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and clinical range of total problems were 13.7%, 15.4%, and 5.8%, respectively. The association of maternal psychological distress with a high risk of children's behavior problems was significant, except a significant association was not identified between prenatal only psychological distress and externalizing problems in the group that did not use childcare facilities. In addition, interactions between the use of childcare facilities and maternal psychological distress on behavioral problems in children were not significant.
Conclusions
The use of childcare facilities did not moderate the association of maternal psychological distress in prenatal and postnatal periods with behavior problems in children.
Cascade Comparison with GHG Emissions Soil Fern Plant Samples for Prevention of Weed Development
Authors: Ubani Solomon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cascades were basically tray used to incubate in a botanical garden. This was on a much smaller scale than Green House Gas Emissions [1]. Properties such as moisture content, UV rays differ between the two for growing of plants. These researches compared reap of a controlled to environment harsh but larger scope of farming and growing of plants [2]. The root failure as a result of weed development is researched in this study [3].
Liquid-Crystalline Assembly of Sphere-Shaped Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Cheng Li , Liu Bingrui , Hu Jian , Zhou Lijuan , Zong Lu , Duan Yongxin , Zhang Jianming , Yuan Yuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (that is cellulose nanorods, CNRs) can self-organize into chiral nematic liquid crystals owing to their anisotropy character. Unexpected, sphere-like cellulose nanocrystals (cellulose nanospheres, CNSs) have been observed to form a chiral liquid crystalline phase also. Herein, to understand how the similar assembly take places as the particle dimension changes, the organization features of the CNSs were investigated. It reveals that CNSs organize into a liquid-crystal phase constituted by periodically parallel-aligned layer-structure above a critical concentration in suspension, the structure of which retains after drying. Compared with CNRs, the CNSs alignment shows short layer distance, low order degree, and weak long-range orientation. Considering the lower surface charge and the spherical appearance, a “knot-like” model which was captured by “freezing” the CNSs suspension in intermediate aggregation state, is proposed in the early stage of tactoid formation. Such structure acts as the fundamental unit to achieve the liquid-crystal assembly further.
Ultrasound-based radiomics technology in fetal lung texture analysis prediction of neonatal respiratory morbidity
Authors: Zhou JianQiao , Du Yanran , Jiao Jing , Ji Chao , Li Man , Guo Yi , Wang Yuanyuan , Ren Yunyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives To develop a novel method for predicting neonatal respiratory morbidity (NRM) by ultrasound-based radiomics technology.Methods In this retrospective study, 430 high-throughput features per fetal-lung image were extracted from 295 fetal lung ultrasound images (four-chamber view) in 295 single pregnancies. Images had been obtained between 28+3 and 37+6 weeks of gestation within 72 hours before delivery. A machine-learning model was created using 20 radiomics features extracted from the images and 2 clinical features (gestational age and pregnancy complications) to predict the possibility of NRM.Results Of the 295 standard fetal lung ultrasound images included, 210 in the training set and 85 in the testing set. The overall performance of the neonatal respiratory morbidity prediction model achieved AUC of 0.88 in the training set and 0.81 in the testing set, sensitivity of 84.32% in the training set and 77.78% in the testing set, specificity of 81.13% in the training set and 82.09% in the testing set, and accuracy of 81.90 in the training set and 81.18% in the testing set. Conclusions Ultrasound-based radiomics technology can be used to predict NRM. The results of this study may provide a novel method for non-invasive approaches for the prenatal prediction of NRM.
Changes in the Characteristics of Patients Treated for Brain Metastases with Repeat Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT): A Retrospective Study of 184 Patients
Authors: Kuntz L. , Fèvre C. Le , Jarnet D. , Keller A. , Meyer P. , Thiery Alicia , Cebula H. , Noel Georges , Antoni D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Brain metastases (BMs) are the leading cause of intracranial malignant neoplasms in adults. WHO, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), age, number of BMs, extracerebral progression (ECP), recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), diagnosis-specific graded prognostic assessment (Ds-GPA) are validated prognostic tools to help clinicians decide on treatment. No consensus exists for repeat stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for BMs. The aim of this study was to review the changes in patient characteristics treated with repeated SRTs.
Methods and Materials
The data of patients treated between 2010 and 2020 with at least two courses of SRT without previous whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) were reviewed. Age, WHO, KPS, ECP, type of systemic treatment, number of BMs were recorded. RPA, Ds-GPA and brain metastasis velocity (BMV) were calculated.
Results
184 patients were treated for 915 BMs and received two to six SRTs for local or distant brain recurrence. The median number of BMs treated per SRT was 1 (range:1–6), for a median of 4 BMs treated during all sessions (range:2–19). WHO, Ds-GPA and RPA were stable between each session of SRT, whereas KPS was significantly better in SRT1 than in the following SRT. The number of BMs was not significantly different between each SRT, but there was a tendency for more BM at SRT1 (p = 0.06). At SRT1, patients had largest BM and undergo more surgery than during the following SRT (p < 0.001). 6.5%, 37.5% and 56% of patients were classified as high, intermediate, and low BMV, respectively, at the last SRT session. There was almost perfect concordance between the BMV-grade calculated at the last SRT session and at SRT2 (r = 0.89; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Repeated SRT doesn't lead to a marked alteration in the general condition, KPS was maintained at over 70% for more than 95% of patients during all SRTs. Long survival can be expected, especially in low-grade BMV patients. WBRT shouldn't be aborted, especially for patients developing more than twelve BMs annually.