bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a retrospective cohort analysis with elimination of incorporation bias
Authors: Hill Meghan , Petnak Tananchai , Moua Teng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent studies support the diagnostic role of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis (BALL) in patients with suspected hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Our study aim was to determine the spectrum of BALL findings with elimination of incorporation bias in non-fibrotic and fibrotic patients and assess correlates of positive BALL cut-off and BALL association with long-term outcomes in those with fibrotic disease (f-HP).

Methods
A single-center retrospective cohort study was pursued of patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for interstitial lung disease. Strict study enrollment was based on recent ATS/JRS/ALAT diagnostic guidance meeting ‘moderate’ or higher diagnostic confidence. BALL findings were assessed in both fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP patients with regression and survival analysis pursued for correlates of positive BALL cut-off and long-term outcome.

Results
A total of 148 patients (88 fibrotic and 60 non-fibrotic) meeting moderate or higher diagnostic confidence were included. Median BALL in f-HP was 15% compared to 19% in non-fibrotic patients, with only 28% of f-HP meeting diagnostic cut-off (≥ 30%) compared to 41% of non-fibrotic. For f-HP, centrilobular nodules on computed tomography was positively correlated with a diagnostic BALL (OR 4.07; p = 0.018) while honeycombing was negatively correlated (OR 6.9 × e−8; p = 0.001). Higher BALL was also associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.98; p = 0.015).

Conclusion
With elimination of incorporation bias, most patients with well-described HP did not meet diagnostic BALL thresholds. Higher BALL was associated with better long-term survival in those with fibrosis, but its diagnostic role may be more additive than characteristic or distinguishing.
Decision-making in postoperative chemotherapy for ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Hamasaki Shunsuke , Fukunaga Yosuke , Nagayama Satoshi , Fujimoto Yoshiya , Akiyoshi Takashi , Nagasaki Toshiya , Ueno Masashi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer are relatively uncommon, and no consensus has been reached regarding resection of metastases or chemotherapy before and after surgery. We evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer and the impact of metastatic resection. We also performed a comparative analysis to clarify the prognostic impact of metastatic resection and the choice of chemotherapy before and after surgery.

Methods
Between 2006 and 2014, 38 patients at our institution underwent resection of ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer. Clinicopathological data were extracted from the patients’ records and evaluated with respect to the long-term outcome. For 15 patients with metachronous ovarian metastases who received chemotherapy until immediately before resection, we compared the prognosis with and without changes in the regimen after resection.

Results
The 5-year overall survival rate was 19.9%, and the median survival duration was 27.2 months. The survival rate in the R0 resection group (n = 8) was significantly better than that in the R1/2 resection group (n = 30) (P = 0.0004). Patients without peritoneal dissemination (n = 15) or extra-ovarian metastases (n = 31) had a significantly better prognosis than those with peritoneal dissemination (n = 23) or extra-ovarian metastases (n = 7) (P = 0.040 and P = 0.0005, respectively). The progression-free survival and median survival times of patients who resumed chemotherapy after resection without a change in their preoperative regimen were 10.2 months and 26.2 months, respectively, while those among patients with a change in their regimen before resection versus after resection were 11.0 months and 18.1 months, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (progression-free survival time and median survival time: P = 0.52 and P = 0.48, respectively).

Conclusions
Patients who underwent R0 resection of ovarian metastases clearly had a better prognosis than those who underwent R1/2 resection. Additionally, a poor prognosis was associated with the presence of peritoneal dissemination and extra-ovarian metastases. The data also suggested that resumption of chemotherapy without changing the regimen after resection could preserve the next line of chemotherapy for future treatment and improve the prognosis.
The effectiveness and sustainability of supervised balance training in chronic ankle instability with grade III ligament injury: a one‐year prospective study
Authors: Hou Zong‐chen , Huang Hong‐shi , Ao Ying‐fang , Hu Yue‐lin , Jiao Chen , Guo Qin‐wei , Miao Xin , Li Nan , Jiang Yan‐fang , Jiang Dong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the effectiveness and sustainability of supervised balance training in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI) with grade III ligament injury.MethodsTwenty young adults (12 males and 8 females) diagnosed with CAI with grade III ligament injury underwent 3 months of supervised balance training. The self‐reported functional questionnaire, plantar pressure (walking and single leg standing), and isokinetic ankle strength were consecutively evaluated at pre‐training, 3 months, 6 months and one year. Paired T tests were used to explore changes in muscle strength and plantar pressures following the supervised balance training. According to whether the patient had sprain recurrence, the patients were divided into sprain recurrence group and control group. The risk factors of sprain recurrence were explored with univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThe self‐reported functional scores, the plantar pressure distribution and the muscle strength showed significant immediate improvements after 3 months of supervised balance training. At 6 months post‐training, peak force under 2nd metatarsal, time to peak force under the medial hindfoot, time to boundary measurements and dorsiflexion, and eversion strength were partly declined to the pre‐training level. 16 patients (80%) resumed the daily life and sports without sprain recurrence during the follow‐up. Four patients (20%) reported ankle sprain during the follow‐up, and the sprain recurrence group showed significantly higher Beighton scores (p = 0.012) and weaker initial inversion strength (p = 0.022) than the control group.ConclusionsThree months' of supervised balance training could effectively improve postural control and muscle strength of CAI cases with grade III ligament injury, although these improvements would partially deceased over time. Additional strength exercises for dorsiflexion and eversion should be supplemented from 6 months. Higher Beighton score and initial inversion muscle strength weakness might increase the risk of sprain recurrence.Trial registrationChiCTR, ChiCTR1900023999, Registered 21 June 2019, https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=39984&htm=4
MUON: multimodal omics analysis framework
Authors: Bredikhin Danila , Kats Ilia , Stegle Oliver 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdvances in multi-omics have led to an explosion of multimodal datasets to address questions from basic biology to translation. While these data provide novel opportunities for discovery, they also pose management and analysis challenges, thus motivating the development of tailored computational solutions. Here, we present a data standard and an analysis framework for multi-omics, MUON, designed to organise, analyse, visualise, and exchange multimodal data. MUON stores multimodal data in an efficient yet flexible and interoperable data structure. MUON enables a versatile range of analyses, from data preprocessing to flexible multi-omics alignment.
Existence of solutions for a Lipschitzian vibroimpact problem with time-dependent constraints
Authors: Adly Samir , Thieu Nguyen Nang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study a mechanical system with a finite number of degrees of freedom, subjected to perfect time-dependent frictionless unilateral (possibly nonconvex) constraints with inelastic collisions on active constraints. The dynamic is described in the form of a second-order measure differential inclusion. Under some regularity assumptions on the data, we establish several properties of the set of admissible positions, which is not necessarily convex but assumed to be uniformly prox-regular. Our approach does not require any second-order information or boundedness of the Hessians of the constraints involved in the problem and are specific to moving sets represented by inequalities constraints. On that basis, we are able to discretize our problem by the time-stepping algorithm and construct a sequence of approximate solutions. It is shown that this sequence possesses a subsequence converging to a solution of the initial problem. This methodology is not only used to prove an existence result but could be also used to solve numerically the vibroimpact problem with time-dependent nonconvex constraints.
Tensile and Fracture Properties of Silicon Carbide Whisker-Modified Cement-Based Materials
Authors: Shi Tao , Lan Yingjia , Hu Zhuojun , Wang Haobo , Xu Jinhao , Zheng Bingmiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSilicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) have many excellent properties such as high strength, high elastic modulus, and high temperature resistance. In this paper, by using water reducer as dispersant, a stable SiCw dispersion was obtained, and SiCw-modified cement-based composites were prepared. Tensile strength tests for 8-shaped specimens were carried out on the materials. The fracture properties of the materials were measured using a three-point bending test with pre-cracks based on the digital image correlation method. The microstructure of the SiCw-modified mortar was observed by SEM. The results showed that the SiCw improved the tensile strength of the cement-based materials, and the addition of SiCw effectively improved the fracture toughness of mortar. The SiCw caused crack deflection during crack propagation, accompanied by whisker pull-out and bridging phenomena. The SiCw bridging effect and pull-out mechanism effectively controlled the crack propagation and played a toughening role, thus enhancing the crack resistance of mortar.
Two-year longitudinal change in choroidal and retinal thickness in school-aged myopic children: exploratory analysis of clinical trials for myopia progression
Authors: Xu Meiping , Yu Xinping , Wan Minghui , Feng Kemi , Zhang Junxiao , Shen Meixiao , Drobe Björn , Chen Hao , Qu Jia , Bao Jinhua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
With increasing axial length and myopia progression, the micro-structure of the retina and choroid gradually changes. Our study describes the longitudinal changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in school-aged children with myopia and explores the relationship between changes in choroidal thickness and myopia progression.

Methods
An exploratory analysis of a randomized trial was performed. Children (n = 168, aged 7 to 12 years) with myopia from − 0.75 dioptre (D) to − 4.00 D were enrolled in this prospective longitudinal study. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), retinal and choroidal thicknesses were measured at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. “Rapid progression myopia” was defined as increasing in myopia > 1.00 D and “stable progression myopia” was ≤ 1.00 D during the 2-year follow-up. Factors affecting the changes in choroidal thickness were analysed using linear mixed models.

Results
AL significantly increased by 0.67 ± 0.24 mm with a myopic shift of − 1.50 ± 0.64 D over the 2 years. The overall retinal thickness increased from 251.12 ± 15.91 µm at baseline to 253.47 ± 15.74 µm at the 2-year follow-up (F = 23.785, P < 0.001). The subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased from 231.03 ± 54.04 µm at baseline to 206.53 ± 59.71 µm at the 2-year follow-up (F = 73.358, P < 0.001). Choroidal thinning was significantly associated with AL elongation (β =  − 43.579 μm/mm, P = 0.002) and sex (β =  − 17.258, P = 0.001). Choroidal thickness continued to decrease in subjects with rapid progression (F = 92.06, P < 0.001) but not in those with steady progression (F = 2.23, P = 0.119).

Conclusion
Significant choroidal thinning was observed and was associated with rapid progression and sex. These findings indicate a need to understand the role of the choroid in eye growth and myopia development.

Synopsis/Precis
The macular choroidal thickness of myopic children is relevant to different degrees of myopic progression in this 2-year longitudinal study. These findings suggest that control of choroidal thickness might work to regulate human ocular growth.
Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR): ChiCTR-INR-16007722
Credit granting sorting model for financial organizations
Authors: Schotten Paulo Cesar , de Sousa Pereira Leydiana , Morais Danielle Costa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConsidering the environment of risks and influences inherent in the decision-making process for credit-granting operations, it has become a matter of survival for financial organizations to seek to improve how they engage in effective decision-making to ensure that their returns on invested capital will meet the expectations established at the beginning of the process. A credit-granting sorting model for financial organizations is proposed. The model aggregates the perspectives of different decision-makers to support an organization in the process of credit analysis and, consequently, to improve its operationality. The decision-making model is based on the ELECTRE TRI-B multicriteria method. It sorts credit-granting proposals into three classes, namely credit approved, technical analysis, and credit rejected. The group decision emerges from the decision rules of the organization’s executive board. This new proposed approach to dealing with credit-granting results in the systematization of credit analysis, reduction of doubt among decision-makers, avoidance of the emergence of informal groups, reduction of conflicts within a financial organization, and external interferences.
4-Hexylresorcinol: pharmacologic chaperone and its application for wound healing
Authors: Kim Seong-Gon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is amphiphilic organic chemical and auto-regulator for micro-organism. As 4HR administration induces the stress on the endoplasmic reticulum, 4HR changes protein folding. The application of 4HR inhibits NF-κB signal pathway and TNF-α production. In addition, 4HR administration increases VEGF, TGF-β1, and calcification associated proteins. As a consequence, 4HR administration increases angiogenesis and bone formation in wounded area. Strong anti-inflammatory reaction and capillary regeneration in diabetic model demonstrate that 4HR can be applied on many types of surgical wound.
The role of the lower extremity functional scale in predicting surgical outcomes for total joint arthroplasty patients
Authors: Turcotte Justin J. , Kelly McKayla E. , Fenn Alyssa B. , Grover Jennifer J. , Wu Christina A. , MacDonald James H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) scores with postoperative functional outcomes for total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients and to investigate the utility of this tool to create an individualized plan of care perioperatively.

Methods
Patients undergoing primary TJA at a single institution from 2016 to 2019 was retrospectively reviewed by a univariate analysis in terms of patient characteristics and outcomes across LEFS quartiles. Multivariate regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between the LEFS quartile and outcomes after controlling for confounding factors.

Results
A total of 1389 patients were included. All patients had a documented LEFS pre- and postoperatively with the last value documented at least 60 days to a maximum of 1 year after surgery. The following cutoffs for LEFS quartiles were observed: quartile 1 preoperative LEFS ≤27, quartile 2 ranges from 28 to 35, quartile 3 ranges from 36 to 43, and quartile 4 ≥ 44. Patients with a higher comorbidity burden and ASA score were more likely to have a lower LEFS. Higher levels of preoperative function were significantly associated with shorter LOS and higher rates of same day discharge, independent ambulation, mobility and activity scores, and rates of discharge home.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that LEFS is a useful tool for aiding clinical resource allocation decisions, and incorporation of the measure into existing predictive models may improve their accuracy.
The Perspective of DMPK on Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Gene Therapy: Past Learning, Current Support, and Future Contribution
Authors: Chen Nancy , Sun Kefeng , Chemuturi Nagendra Venkata , Cho Hyelim , Xia Cindy Q. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGiven the recent success of gene therapy modalities and the growing number of cell and gene-based therapies in clinical development across many different therapeutic areas, it is evident that this evolving field holds great promise for the unmet medical needs of patients. The recent approvals of Luxturna® and Zolgensma® prove that recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-based gene therapy is a transformative modality that enables curative treatment for genetic disorders. Over the last decade, Takeda has accumulated significant experience with rAAV-based gene therapies, especially in the early stage of development. In this review, based on the learnings from Takeda and publicly available information, we aim to provide a guiding perspective on Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) substantial role in advancing therapeutic gene therapy modalities from nonclinical research to clinical development, in particular the characterization of gene therapy product biodistribution, elimination (shedding), immunogenicity assessment, multiple platform bioanalytical assays, and first-in-human (FIH) dose projection strategies.
Brahma-related gene 1 has time-specific roles during brain and eye development
Authors: Holdhof Dörthe , Schoof Melanie , Al-Kershi Sina , Spohn Michael , Kresbach Catena , Göbel Carolin , Hellwig Malte , Indenbirken Daniela , Moreno Natalia , Kerl Kornelius , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
During development, gene expression is tightly controlled to facilitate the generation of the diverse cell types that form the central nervous system. Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1, also known as Smarca4) is the catalytic subunit of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex that regulates transcription. We investigated the role of Brg1 between embryonic day 6.5 (E6.5) and E14.5 in Sox2-positive neural stem cells (NSCs). Being without major consequences at E6.5 and E14.5, loss of Brg1 between E7.5 and E12.5 resulted in the formation of rosette-like structures in the subventricular zone, as well as morphological alterations and enlargement of neural retina (NR). Additionally, Brg1-deficient cells showed decreased survival in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we uncovered distinct changes in gene expression upon Brg1 loss, pointing towards impaired neuron functions, especially those involving synaptic communication and altered composition of the extracellular matrix. Comparison with mice deficient for integrase interactor 1 (Ini1, also known as Smarcb1) revealed that the enlarged NR was Brg1 specific and was not caused by a general dysfunction of the SWI/SNF complex. These results suggest a crucial role for Brg1 in NSCs during brain and eye development.
Sensitivity of RT-PCR testing of upper respiratory tract samples for SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalised patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Williams Thomas C. , Wastnedge Elizabeth , McAllister Gina , Bhatia Ramya , Cuschieri Kate , Kefala Kallirroi , Hamilton Fiona , Johannessen Ingólfur , Laurenson Ian F. , Shepherd Jill , Stewart Alistair , Waters Donald , Wise Helen , Templeton Kate E. 
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) testing of upper respiratory tract samples from hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), compared to the gold standard of a clinical diagnosis. Methods: All RT-PCR testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in NHS Lothian, Scotland, United Kingdom between the 7th of February and 19th April 2020 (inclusive) was reviewed, and hospitalised patients were identified. All upper respiratory tract RT-PCR tests were analysed for each patient to determine the sequence of negative and positive results. For those who were tested twice or more but never received a positive result, case records were reviewed, and a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 allocated based on clinical features, discharge diagnosis, and radiology and haematology results. For those who had a negative RT-PCR test but a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, respiratory samples were retested using a multiplex respiratory panel, a second SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay, and a human RNase P control. Results: Compared to the gold standard of a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, the sensitivity of a single upper respiratory tract RT-PCR for COVID-19 was 82.2% (95% confidence interval 79.0-85.1%). The sensitivity of two upper respiratory tract RT-PCR tests increased sensitivity to 90.6% (CI 88.0-92.7%). A further 2.2% and 0.9% of patients who received a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 were positive on a third and fourth test; this may be an underestimate of the value of further testing as the majority of patients 93.0% (2999/3226) only had one or two RT-PCR tests. Conclusions: The sensitivity of a single RT-PCR test of upper respiratory tract samples in hospitalised patients is 82.2%. Sensitivity increases to 90.6% when patients are tested twice. A proportion of cases with clinically defined COVID-19 never test positive on RT-PCR despite repeat testing.