bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A layered multi‐objective parallel equalizer for lithium‐ion battery system
Authors: Liu Hongrui , Li Hairui , Gu Donghua , Qian Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAiming at the problems of slow equalization speed and low equalization efficiency in a large battery system, a layered multi‐objective parallel equalizer is proposed in this paper. In addition to the single battery, the equalizer introduces the battery cell as a new equalization object, and two‐layer equalization is proposed, the first layer equalization and the second layer equalization. The first‐layer equalization takes the single battery as the equalization object, and the second equalization takes the battery cell as the equalization object. By dividing objects into different layers, the equalization efficiency is improved effectively. The equalizer breaks the traditional serial equalization mode and proposes the multi‐objective parallel equalization, which makes the equalization speed double. The working principle of the equalizer is analyzed in detail, and an experimental platform including 18 lithium‐ion batteries is built; the experimental results prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the equalizer.
PPR 2.0: eine schwere Geburt
Authors: Bechtel Peter 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungAm 22.06.22 hat Bundesgesundheitsminister Lauterbach im Rahmen der Gesundheitsministerkonferenz endlich die „Katze aus dem Sack gelassen“ und verkündet, die PPR 2.0 kommt. Damit hat sich der Minister zu einer Entscheidung durchgerungen, bei der wichtige Fragen zur konkreten Umsetzung weiter offen bleiben.
Von der Vision zur Wirklichkeit
Authors: Probst Karin 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungGelassenheit, Gesundheit und Gemeinschaft – nach den Erfahrungen der letzten Jahre tut es sicher not, diese „3 Gs“ wieder zu stärken. In diesem Artikel erhalten Sie einen Überblick darüber, wie agiles Führen die Reise in eine gute und gelebte Leitbildkultur begleitet und somit raus aus der Erschöpfungsspirale führen kann.
Ich pflege wieder, wenn …
Authors: Heeser Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Personalmangel in der Profession Pflege ist durch die Pandemie nicht weniger geworden. Bislang sind es meist Mütter, die nach einer mehr oder weniger langen Pause wieder in den Beruf einsteigen. Das Potenzial der Wiedereinsteiger ist jedoch riesig und geht weit über Wiederkehrer aus der Elternzeit hinaus – das hat eine Studie der Bremer Arbeitnehmerkammer aufgezeigt.
Einfluss des Pflegemanagements
Authors: Roßius Sabrina 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungSpätestens seit der Pandemie ist klar, wie systemrelevant Pflegende in der Gesellschaft sind. Doch welche Maßnahmen unterscheiden zwischen politischen Lippenbekenntnissen und tatsächlicher Unterstützung? Und vor allem: Was ist Aufgabe der Berufsgruppe selbst?
Translation of a Phosphine- and Azide-Based Reaction to Chemical Modification of Biomolecules in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Ohata Jun , Uzoewulu Chiamaka P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe difference of reaction design principles between traditional, small-molecule synthetic chemistry and biomolecular chemical reactions prevented the simple translation of small-molecule chemistry into biomolecular reactions. One of the key challenges of bioconjugation, or reactions on biomolecules, are the necessity of aqueous solutions as the solvent. In this Synpacts article, we describe our pursuit of using an ionic liquid as a nonaqueous reaction medium to conduct phosphine- and azide-based bioconjugation reactions.
A Holistic Approach to Addressing Post-Fitting Needs in the Short and Long Term for New Hearing Aid Users
Authors: Mamo Sara K. , Henckel Tomma 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHelping your client adjust to being a hearing aid (HA) user and learn to manage their hearing challenges requires a combination of technical skill and psychosocial counseling in the short- and long-term periods. A key aspect of providing support in this time period is to keep the door open for psycho-social-emotional counseling that is often necessary even when the HA user was motivated to make this change, and even when, objectively, they seem to be fit successfully. Another key aspect is not to assume that once they have checked off all the HA fitting boxes, you are done. Over the long term, the user will experience changes in their own hearing abilities and in their life circumstances that will require on-going support to adapt to new communication needs. Approaching the post-fitting period from a person-/family-centered perspective and using a holistic approach to consider how this treatment fits into the HA user's broader life will result in the most success for that person.
The Effect of Nusinersen Therapy on Laboratory Parameters of Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Sarıkaya Uzan Gamze , Paketçi Cem , Günay Çağatay , Edem Pınar , Özsoy Özlem , Hız Kurul Semra , Yiş Uluç 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction We evaluated the effect of nusinersen on clinical and laboratory parameters and presented its safety and effect on laboratory parameters.
Methods Two groups were formed from among patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) followed up between September 2017 and June 2021: group 1, SMA type 1; group 2, SMA type 2 and 3. The laboratory parameters were evaluated in groups 1 and 2 between doses. Motor scale tests were performed on patients before each dose of nusinersen.
Results Twenty seven patients (group 1; n = 13, group 2; n = 14) were included. The mean age (±standard deviation) at the onset of symptoms was 3 ± 1.21 (range, 1.5–6) months in group 1 and 12 ± 4.27 (range, 8–24) months in group 2. No significant laboratory treatment-related abnormalities and adverse effects were observed. The cerebrospinal fluid protein levels and the frequency of conventional LP were higher in group 1. Serum creatinine (Cr) levels were higher in group 1 before the first dose and higher in group 2 before the fifth dose (p < 0.05). With treatment, the Cr levels of group 1 decreased and group 2 remained constant or increased. We observed that the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders and Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expand scores increased as our patients received treatment (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Our results support the safety and efficacy of nusinersen. However, changes in Cr levels according to the clinical type and treatment suggested that serum Cr could be a candidate marker for treatment follow-up.
Reflex and Spontaneous Movements in Pediatric Patients with Brain Death
Authors: Kim Juhyeon , Kwon Oh-Young , Kim Do-Hyung , Yang Tae-Won , Kim Minhwa , Lee Jeongrim , Cho Wonhyun , Yeom Jung Sook , Kim Young-Soo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Reflex and spontaneous movements are not uncommon in brain death patients. However, most studies have been conducted in adults, while reports in infants and children are rare. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of these movements in pediatric patients declared as brain death.
Methods Records of pediatric patients who were diagnosed as brain death from 15 hospitals in the Yeongnam region, South Korea, between January 2013 and September 2016 were analyzed. All body movements in patients who met the criteria for brain death as established by the Korea Medical Association were assessed by medical doctors and trained organ transplant coordinators. The frequency and characteristics of these movements were identified. Additionally, the demographic and clinical factors of the brain death patients with and without these movements were compared.
Results A total of 31 patients who met the criteria for brain death were enrolled. Seven patients (22.6%) showed either reflex or spontaneous movements; six of them (85.7%) showed reflex movements only, and one patient (14.3%) showed both types of movements. The most common types of reflex movements were the flexor/extensor plantar response and isolated finger jerk. Four of seven patients (57.1%) showed a single movement pattern, while three (42.9%) showed two different movement patterns.
Conclusion It is essential for physicians who perform pediatric brain death examinations to recognize the frequency and characteristics of reflex and spontaneous movements, and this article may help in the accurate and prompt diagnosis of brain death.
Effects of an art-based intervention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lin Rong , Luo Yu-ting , Yan Yuan-jiao , Huang Chen-shan , Chen Li-li , Chen Ming-feng , Lin Mo-jun , Li Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundArt-based interventions may delay cognitive decline and improve health-related outcomes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).ObjectiveTo examine the effects of the Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) program compared to active and waitlist controls on neurocognitive and other health-related outcomes in older people with MCI.DesignThree-arm parallel-group, randomised controlled design.ParticipantsOne-hundred and thirty-five adults with MCI (mean age: 70.93 ± 6.91 years).MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to intervention (CrEAS, n = 45), active control (n = 45) or waitlist control (n = 45) groups. Interventions were applied once per week for 24 weeks. The primary outcome was global cognitive function; secondary outcomes were specific cognition domains (memory, executive function, language and attention) and other health-related outcomes (anxiety, depression and quality of life [QoL]). All variables were measured at baseline (T0), 24-week follow-up (T1) and 48-week follow-up (T2).ResultsParticipants in the CrEAS group showed significantly higher global cognitive function (adjusted mean difference [MD] = −0.905, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.748 to −0.062; P = 0.038) and QoL (adjusted MD = −4.150, 95% CI -6.447 to −1.853; P = 0.001) and lower depression symptoms (adjusted MD = 2.902, 95% CI 0.699–5.104; P = 0.011) post-intervention at the 24-week follow-up compared with the active control group. At 48-week follow-up, only the Auditory Verbal Learning Test Immediate recall score was significantly improved compared with the active control group (adjusted MD = −2.941, 95% CI −5.262 to −0.620; P = 0.014).ConclusionsOlder adults with MCI who participated in the CrEAS program improved their neuropsychological outcomes and QoL and reduced their rate of cognitive deterioration.
Association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rodrigues Luciana Pereira , de Oliveira Rezende Andréa Toledo , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Mendonça Carolina Rodrigues , Noll Matias , Nunes Bruno Pereira , de Oliviera Cesar , Silveira Erika Aparecida 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of multiple chronic conditions in the same individual. Multimorbidity is more prevalent in older adults and can lead to several adverse health outcomes.

Methods
We systematically reviewed evidence from observational studies to verify the association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults. Furthermore, we also aimed to identify whether it changes according to gender, advanced age, institutionalization, and wealth of the country of residence. We searched the PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases from December 2020 to April 2021. The analysed outcomes were as follows: hospitalization, length of stay and hospital readmission.

Results
Of the 6,948 studies identified in the databases, 33 were included in this review. From the meta-analysis results, it was found that multimorbidity, regardless of the country’s wealth, was linked to hospitalization in older adults (OR = 2.52, CI 95% = 1.87–3.38). Both definitions of multimorbidity, ≥2 (OR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.34–4.12) and ≥3 morbidities (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.87–3.38), were associated with hospitalization. Regardless of gender, multimorbidity was associated with hospitalization (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.67–2.34) and with readmission (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.04–1.09). However, it was not possible to verify the association between multimorbidity and length of stay.

Conclusions
Multimorbidity was linked to a higher hospitalization risk, and this risk was not affected by the country’s wealth and patient’s gender. Multimorbidity was also linked to a higher hospital readmission rate in older adults. PROSPERO Registration (Registration number: CRD42021229328).
Projections of dependency and associated social care expenditure for the older population in England to 2038: effect of varying disability progression
Authors: Kingston Andrew , Wittenberg Raphael , Hu Bo , Jagger Carol 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
to assess the effect of recent stalling of life expectancy and various scenarios for disability progression on projections of social care expenditure between 2018 and 2038, and the likelihood of reaching the Ageing Society Grand Challenge mission of five extra healthy, independent years at birth.

Design
two linked projections models: the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) model and the Care Policy and Evaluation Centre long-term care projections model, updated to include 2018-based population projections.

Population
PACSim: about 303,589 individuals aged 35 years and over (a 1% random sample of the England population in 2014) created from three nationally representative longitudinal ageing studies.

Main outcome measures
Total social care expenditure (public and private) for older people, and men and women’s independent life expectancy at age 65 (IndLE65) under five scenarios of changing disability progression and recovery with and without lower life expectancy.

Results
between 2018 and 2038, total care expenditure was projected to increase by 94.1%–1.25% of GDP; men’s IndLE65 increasing by 14.7% (range 11.3–16.5%), exceeding the 8% equivalent of the increase in five healthy, independent years at birth, although women’s IndLE65 increased by only 4.7% (range 3.2–5.8%). A 10% reduction in disability progression and increase in recovery resulted in the lowest increase in total care expenditure and increases in both men’s and women’s IndLE65 exceeding 8%.

Conclusions
interventions that slow down disability progression, and improve recovery, could significantly reduce social care expenditure and meet government targets for increases in healthy, independent years.
Outcomes as experienced by older patients after hospitalisation: satisfaction, acceptance, frustration and hope—a grounded theory study
Authors: van der Kluit Maria Johanna , Dijkstra Geke J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
outcomes of hospitalisation are often described in quantitative terms. It is unknown how older frail patients describe their own outcomes.

Objective
to discover how older frail persons describe their own hospitalisation outcomes and the meaning of these outcomes for their daily lives.

Design
Constructivist Grounded Theory approach.

Participants
frail older people discharged from hospital.

Methods
Open interviews in the participant’s home. Transcripts were coded inductively according to the Constructivist Grounded Theory approach.

Results
Twenty-four interviews were conducted involving 20 unique participants. Although for some participants hospitalisation was just a ripple, for others, it was a turning point. It could have positive or negative impacts on outcomes, including remaining alive, disease, fatigue/condition, complaints, daily functioning, social activities and intimate relationships, hobbies, living situation and mental well-being. Few participants were completely satisfied, but for many, a discrepancy between expectation and reality existed. Some participants could accept this, others remained hopeful and some were frustrated. Factors associated with these categories were research and treatment options, (un)clarity about the situation, setting the bar too high or pushing boundaries, confidence in physicians, character traits and social factors.

Conclusions
of the persons whose outcomes did not meet their expectations, some were frustrated, others hopeful and others accepted the situation. The following interventions can help patients to accept: clear communication about options and expectations before, during and after hospitalisation; giving room for emotions; help finding social support, encouragement to engage in pleasant activities and find meaning in small things. For some patients, psychological treatment may be needed.
‘Weighing up risks’: a model of care home staff decision-making about potential resident hospital transfers
Authors: Harrad-Hyde Fawn , Armstrong Natalie , Williams Christopher D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
care home staff play a crucial role in managing residents’ health and responding to deteriorations. When deciding whether to transfer a resident to hospital, a careful consideration of the potential benefits and risks is required. Previous studies have identified factors that influence staff decision-making, yet few have moved beyond description to produce a conceptual model of the decision-making process.

Objectives
to develop a conceptual model to describe care home staff’s decision-making when faced with a resident who potentially requires a transfer to the hospital.

Methods
data collection occurred in England between May 2018 and November 2019, consisting of 28 semi-structured interviews with 30 members of care home staff across six care home sites and 113 hours of ethnographic observations, documentary analysis and informal conversations (with staff, residents, visiting families, friends and healthcare professionals) at three of these sites.

Results
a conceptual model of care home staff’s decision-making is presented. Except in situations that staff perceived to be urgent enough to require an immediate transfer, resident transfers tended to occur following a series of escalations. Care home staff made complex decisions in which they sought to balance a number of potential benefits and risks to: residents; staff (as decision-makers); social relationships; care home organisations and wider health and social care services.

Conclusions
during transfer decisions, care home staff make complex decisions in which they weigh up several forms of risk. The model presented offers a theoretical basis for interventions to support deteriorating care home residents and the staff responsible for their care.
TRPA1 modulation by Sigma-1 receptor prevents oxaliplatin-induced painful peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Marcotti Aida , Fernández-Trillo Jorge , González Alejandro , Vizcaíno-Escoto Marta , Ros-Arlanzón Pablo , Romero Luz , Vela José Miguel , Gomis Ana , Viana Félix , de la Peña Elvira 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a frequent, disabling side effect of anticancer drugs. Oxaliplatin, a platinum compound used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, often leads to a form of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy characterized by mechanical and cold hypersensitivity. Current therapies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy are ineffective, often leading to the cessation of treatment. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal, non-selective cation-permeable channel expressed in nociceptors, activated by physical stimuli and cellular stress products. TRPA1 has been linked to the establishment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and other painful neuropathic conditions. Sigma-1 receptor is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone known to modulate the function of many ion channels and receptors. Sigma-1 receptor antagonist, a highly selective antagonist of Sigma-1 receptor, has shown effectiveness in a phase II clinical trial for oxaliplatin chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. However, the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of Sigma-1 receptor antagonist are little understood. We combined biochemical and biophysical (i.e. intermolecular Förster resonance energy transfer) techniques to demonstrate the interaction between Sigma-1 receptor and human TRPA1. Pharmacological antagonism of Sigma-1R impaired the formation of this molecular complex and the trafficking of functional TRPA1 to the plasma membrane. Using patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings we found that antagonists of Sigma-1 receptor, including Sigma-1 receptor antagonist, exert a marked inhibition on plasma membrane expression and function of human TRPA1 channels. In TRPA1-expressing mouse sensory neurons, Sigma-1 receptor antagonists reduced inward currents and the firing of actions potentials in response to TRPA1 agonists. Finally, in a mouse experimental model of oxaliplatin neuropathy, systemic treatment with a Sigma-1 receptor antagonists prevented the development of painful symptoms by a mechanism involving TRPA1. In summary, the modulation of TRPA1 channels by Sigma-1 receptor antagonists suggests a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and could inform the development of novel therapeutics for neuropathic pain.
Epilepsy syndromes in cerebral palsy: varied, evolving and mostly self-limited
Authors: Cooper Monica S , Mackay Mark T , Dagia Charuta , Fahey Michael C , Howell Katherine B , Reddihough Dinah , Reid Susan , Harvey A Simon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Seizures occur in approximately one-third of children with cerebral palsy. This study aimed to determine epilepsy syndromes in children with seizures and cerebral palsy due to vascular injury, anticipating that this would inform treatment and prognosis.
We studied a population-based cohort of children with cerebral palsy due to prenatal or perinatal vascular injuries, born 1999–2006. Each child’s MRI was reviewed to characterize patterns of grey and white matter injury. Children with syndromic or likely genetic causes of cerebral palsy were excluded, given their inherent association with epilepsy and our aim to study a homogeneous cohort of classical cerebral palsy. Chart review, parent interview and EEGs were used to determine epilepsy syndromes and seizure outcomes.
Of 256 children, 93 (36%) had one or more febrile or afebrile seizures beyond the neonatal period and 87 (34%) had epilepsy. Children with seizures were more likely to have had neonatal seizures, have spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy and function within Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV or V. Fifty-six (60%) children with seizures had electroclinical features of a self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood; we diagnosed these children with a self-limited focal epilepsy-variant given the current International League Against Epilepsy classification precludes a diagnosis of self-limited focal epilepsy in children with a brain lesion. Other epilepsy syndromes were focal epilepsy—not otherwise specified in 28, infantile spasms syndrome in 11, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in three, genetic generalized epilepsies in two and febrile seizures in nine. No epilepsy syndrome could be assigned in seven children with no EEG. Twenty-one changed syndrome classification during childhood. Self-limited focal epilepsy-variant usually manifested with a mix of autonomic and brachio-facial motor features, and occipital and/or centro-temporal spikes on EEG. Of those with self-limited focal epilepsy-variant, 42/56 (75%) had not had a seizure for &gt;2 years. Favourable seizure outcomes were also seen in some children with infantile spasms syndrome and focal epilepsy-not otherwise specified. Of the 93 children with seizures, at last follow-up (mean age 15 years), 61/91 (67%) had not had a seizure in &gt;2 years.
Children with cerebral palsy and seizures can be assigned specific epilepsy syndrome diagnoses typically reserved for normally developing children, those syndromes commonly being age-dependent and self-limited. Compared to typically developing children with epilepsy, self-limited focal epilepsy-variant occurs much more commonly in children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy. These findings have important implications for treatment and prognosis of epilepsy in cerebral palsy, and research into pathogenesis of self-limited focal epilepsy.