bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Battery screen print defect detection based on stationary velocity fields neural network matching and optical flow rectification
Authors: Zhao Zhuo , Li Bing , Zhang Shaojie , Liu Tongkun , Cao Jie 
Published: November 2022

In this study, an automatic defect detection method is proposed for screen printing in battery manufacturing. It is based on stationary velocity field (SVF) neural network template matching and the Lucas–Kanade (L–K) optical flow algorithm. The new method can recognize and classify different defects, such as lacking, skew, and blur, under the condition of irregular shape distortion. Three critical processing stages are performed during detection: (1) Image preprocessing was performed to acquire the printed region of interest and then image blocking was carried out for template creation. (2) The SVF network for image registration was constructed and the corresponding dataset was built based on oriented fast and rotated brief feature matching. (3) Irregular print distortion was rectified and defects were extracted using L–K optical flow and image subtraction. Software and hardware systems have been developed to support this method in industrial applications. To improve environment adaptation, we proposed a dynamic template updating mechanism to optimize the detection template. From the experiments, it can be concluded that the method has desirable performance in terms of accuracy (97%), time efficiency (485 ms), and resolution (0.039 mm). The proposed method possesses the advantages of image registration, defect extraction, and industrial efficiency compared to conventional methods. Although they suffer from irregular print distortions in batteries, the proposed method still ensures a higher detection accuracy.
Development of a cold target recoil ion momentum spectrometer and a projectile charge state analyzer setup to study electron transfer processes in highly charged ion–atom/molecule collisions
Authors: Siddiki Md Abul Kalam Azad , Nrisimhamurty M. , Kumar Kamal , Mukherjee Jibak , Tribedi Lokesh. C. , Khan Arnab , Misra Deepankar 
Published: November 2022

We report the development and performance of a cold target recoil ion momentum spectrometer (COLTRIMS) setup at TIFR, which is built to study various atomic and molecular processes involving the interaction of slow, highly charged ions from an electron cyclotron resonance based ion accelerator. We give a detailed description of the experimental setup, as well as report some initial results on the electron-capture process in collisions of Ar8+ ions with helium and carbon monoxide targets. Here, we present the longitudinal momentum transfer and the sub-shell resolved Q-value spectrum in the case of 2, 4, and 6 keV/u Ar8+ beams in collision with helium. A longitudinal momentum resolution of 0.27 a.u. is achieved in the present system. We also report the state-selective scattering angle distributions for all the collision systems under investigation. We further discuss the fragmentation of the CO2+ molecular ions for different electron capture channels for the 5 keV/u Ar8+ beam. The combination of the COLTRIMS, along with the beam cleaner, the electrostatic deflectors, and the charge state analyzer, is shown to have certain advantages.
Excitation and suppression of asymmetric modes in a coaxial relativistic klystron amplifier with cascaded single-gap bunching cavities
Authors: Yang Fuxiang , Dang Fangchao , Ge Xingjun , He Juntao , Ju Jinchuan , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: November 2022

The excitation and suppression of asymmetric modes in a coaxial relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) with cascaded single-gap bunching cavities are analyzed in this paper. Through theoretical analysis and simulated verification, we find that the asymmetric modes of cascaded single-gap bunching cavities have low external quality factors, the same resonant frequencies, and negative beam-loading conductance ratios so that they are easily excited by the electron beam. To solve this issue, a feasible method is proposed in this paper to suppress the asymmetric modes of cascaded single-gap bunching cavities, under the conditions of decreasing their coupling coefficients and increasing the frequency separation, choosing an appropriate drift tube length between them. These improved bunching cavities are further examined in an X-band coaxial RKA by 3D particle-in-cell simulation, which shows that high power microwaves with a power of 0.8 GW are generated corresponding to an efficiency of 40%. Furthermore, there is no asymmetric mode competition during 150 ns of simulation time.
Autophagy protein ULK1 interacts with and regulates SARM1 during axonal injury
Authors: Choi Harry M. C. , Li Yun , Suraj Delwin , Hsia Ru-Ching , Sarkar Chinmoy , Wu Junfang , Lipinski Marta M. 
Published: November 2022

Autophagy is a cellular catabolic pathway generally thought to be neuroprotective. However, autophagy and in particular its upstream regulator, the ULK1 kinase, can also promote axonal degeneration. We examined the role and the mechanisms of autophagy in axonal degeneration using a mouse model of contusive spinal cord injury (SCI). Consistent with activation of autophagy during axonal degeneration following SCI, autophagosome marker LC3, ULK1 kinase, and ULK1 target, phospho-ATG13, accumulated in the axonal bulbs and injured axons. SARM1, a TIR NADase with a pivotal role in axonal degeneration, colocalized with ULK1 within 1 h after SCI, suggesting possible interaction between autophagy and SARM1-mediated axonal degeneration. In our in vitro experiments, inhibition of autophagy, including
Ulk1
knockdown and ULK1 inhibitor, attenuated neurite fragmentation and reduced accumulation of SARM1 puncta in neurites of primary cortical neurons subjected to glutamate excitotoxicity. Immunoprecipitation data demonstrated that ULK1 physically interacted with SARM1 in vitro and in vivo and that SAM domains of SARM1 were necessary for ULK1–SARM1 complex formation. Consistent with a role in regulation of axonal degeneration, in primary cortical neurons ULK1–SARM1 interaction increased upon neurite damage. Supporting a role for autophagy and ULK1 in regulation of SARM1 in axonal degeneration in vivo, axonal ULK1 activation and accumulation of SARM1 were both decreased after SCI in

Becn1
+/−

autophagy hypomorph mice compared to wild-type (WT) controls. These findings suggest a regulatory crosstalk between autophagy and axonal degeneration pathways, which is mediated through ULK1–SARM1 interaction and contributes to the ability of SARM1 to accumulate in injured axons.
Changes of oscillogram envelope maximum with blood pressure and aging: a quantitative observation
Authors: Pan Fan , He Peiyu , Qian Yongjun , Gao Hu , Chen Fei , Liu Haipeng , Zheng Dingchang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. The oscillometric blood pressure (BP) measurement technique estimates BPs from analyzing the oscillometric cuff pressure waveform (oscillogram) envelope. The oscillogram envelope maximum is associated with physiological changes and influences BP measurement accuracy. We aim to quantitatively investigate the effect of BP and aging on the changes of oscillogram envelope maximum. Approach. Four hundred and sixty-two subjects (214 female, 248 male) were recruited. The cuff pressure was digitally recorded during linear cuff deflation to derive oscillogram envelopes and their maximums. Moderation analysis was performed to investigate whether the relationship between BP and envelope maximum was moderated by age. Subjects were divided into five age categories and three BP groups. The envelope maximums were compared between different BP and age categories to qualify their changes with increased BP and aging. Main results. Age has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between BP and envelope maximum (P < 0.05). The oscillogram envelope maximums increased significantly with increased BPs (P < 0.05 between each BP groups) and aging (P < 0.05 for > 60 years old groups in comparison with younger groups). Significance. This study experientially and theoretically concluded the BPs and aging are two important factors that influence the maximum value of the oscillogram envelope.
A dynamic hysteresis model for customized glass transition in amorphous polymer towards multiple shape memory effects
Authors: Liu Jingyun , Gorbacheva Galina , Lu Haibao , Wang Jiazhi , Fu Yong-Qing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Coexistence of multiple and discrete segments as well as their distinctive hysteresis relaxations enables amorphous shape memory polymers (SMPs) exhibiting complex disordered dynamics, which is critical for the glass transition behavior to determine the shape memory effect (SME), but remained largely unexplored. In this study, a dynamic hysteresis model is proposed to explore the working principle and collective dynamics in discrete segments of amorphous SMPs, towards a dynamic connection between complex relaxation hysteresis and glass transition behavior, which can be applied for design and realization of multiple SMEs in the amorphous SMPs. In combination of free volume theory and Adam-Gibbs domain size model, a phase transition model is formulated to identify the working principle of dynamic relaxation hysteresis in the glass transition of amorphous SMP. Furthermore, constitutive relationships among relaxation time, strain, storage modulus, loss angle and temperature have been established to describe the dynamic connection between complex relaxation hysteresis and customized glass transition, which is then utilized to achieve multiple SMEs based on the extended Maxwell model. Finally, effectiveness of the proposed models is verified using experimental results of SMPs with multiple SMEs reported in literature.
The Environment and Star Formation around the Infrared Bubble N 13
Authors: Zhou Dong-Dong , Zhou Jian-Jun , Wu Gang , Esimbek Jarken , Xu Ye 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Infrared bubbles provide a unique opportunity to study the interactions between massive stars and surrounding material. We conduct a multi-wavelength study on the environment and star formation around an infrared bubble N 13. Three dust clumps and two molecular clumps are identified around N 13, which are all distributed on the layer. Young stellar objects (YSOs) are carefully searched using infrared colors and YSO candidates of WISE and Gaia DR2, and three Class I/II YSOs are found in N 13. In addition, four O-type stars identified in N 13 are probably the exciting stars. The dynamical and fragmentation ages of N 13 are 0.32–0.35 and 1.37–2.80 Myr respectively, which suggest that the radiation-driven implosion model may be dominant in N 13. By comparing the small-size bubble N 13 (R ∼ 1.9 pc) and the larger-size bubble G15.684-0.29 (R ∼ 15.7 pc) we found that star formation activity is more active in the large-size bubble. Brief comparisons of ten bubbles show that small-size bubbles have a small ratio of kinetic age versus the fragmentation time. Triggering star formation may be more active in bubbles with larger ratio between kinetic and fragmentation ages. Furthermore, the collect and collapse mechanism may play the dominant role in the large-size ones.
An optical-cryptographic encryption scheme using a keystream synthesizer based on chaotic speckle nature
Authors: Mosso E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We propose a comprehensive and efficient optical-cryptographic encryption scheme to improve the security of vulnerable optical encryption systems. Based on cryptography theory, we increase data protection using diffusion-confusion processes acting in the input and output of the optical encryption scheme. The new enhanced ciphertext has attributes of a one-way function that is easy to achieve but almost impossible to revert without the correct random phase masks used for diffusion-confusion operations. Despite the straightforward design, combining optical, cryptographic, and chaos methods increases the number of encryption–decryption keys raising two significant concerns. First, the management and transmission of several keys carry a high storage footprint, and second, it impairs the optical high-speed information processing capability. We overcome these two drawbacks by applying a new optical keystream synthesizer based on the stochastic speckle nature and a maximum entropy constraint in a forward–backward propagation algorithm. This new approach quickly replicates the necessary keystream in the encryption–decryption stations offering higher security and efficiency than other reported systems. We validate the feasibility of this proposal by synthesizing an experimental keystream and performing 24-bit data encryption–decryption. Then, we verify the security improvement of two vulnerable cryptosystems and their robustness against cryptanalysis attacks. Finally, we perform experimental encryption–decryption.
Interaction decompositions for tensor network regression
Authors: Convy Ian , Whaley K Birgitta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It is well known that tensor network regression models operate on an exponentially large feature space, but questions remain as to how effectively they are able to utilize this space. Using a polynomial featurization, we propose an interaction decomposition as a tool that can assess the relative importance of different regressors as a function of their polynomial degree. We apply this decomposition to tensor ring and tree tensor network models trained on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets, and find that up to 75% of interaction degrees are contributing meaningfully to these models. We also introduce a new type of tensor network model that is explicitly trained on only a small subset of interaction degrees, and find that these models are able to match or even outperform the full models using only a fraction of the exponential feature space. This suggests that standard tensor network models utilize their polynomial regressors in an inefficient manner, with the lower degree terms being vastly under-utilized.
Teaching computational genomics and bioinformatics on a high performance computing cluster—a primer
Authors: Sethuraman Arun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The burgeoning field of genomics as applied to personalized medicine, epidemiology, conservation, agriculture, forensics, drug development, and other fields comes with large computational and bioinformatics costs, which are often inaccessible to student trainees in classroom settings at universities. However, with increased availability of resources such as NSF XSEDE, Google Cloud, Amazon AWS, and other high-performance computing (HPC) clouds and clusters for educational purposes, a growing community of academicians are working on teaching the utility of HPC resources in genomics and big data analyses. Here, I describe the successful implementation of a semester-long (16 week) upper division undergraduate/graduate level course in Computational Genomics and Bioinformatics taught at San Diego State University in Spring 2022. Students were trained in the theory, algorithms and hands-on applications of genomic data quality control, assembly, annotation, multiple sequence alignment, variant calling, phylogenomic analyses, population genomics, genome-wide association studies, and differential gene expression analyses using RNAseq data on their own dedicated 6-CPU NSF XSEDE Jetstream virtual machines. All lesson plans, activities, examinations, tutorials, code, lectures, and notes are publicly available at https://github.com/arunsethuraman/biomi609spring2022.
Avoiding Clinical Trial Failures in Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Example of Chagas Disease
Authors: Tarleton Rick L 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman clinical trials are expensive, and when they fail, they create the impression that a problem is intractable, thus depressing interest in future attempts. For neglected tropical diseases, where there are likely limited numbers of “shots on goal,” such failures need to be assiduously avoided. Chagas disease drug discovery efforts have experienced more than its share of human clinical trial failures. Here are some guidelines, many specific for Chagas, but some that might also have application for other neglected tropical diseases. Chagas disease has major challenges (eg, the lack of a definitive test of cure) but also has outstanding advantages, among these the unmatched multi-species natural infection systems that can be exploited to de-risk compounds before human trials. Fully utilizing these advantages while frankly acknowledging and addressing the challenges should bring better options to patients, sooner.
Sex Hormones and Adrenal Steroids: Biological Variation Estimated Using Direct and Indirect Methods
Authors: Røys Eirik Åsen , Guldhaug Nora Alicia , Viste Kristin , Jones Graham Dallas , Alaour Bashir , Sylte Marit Sverresdotter , Torsvik Janniche , Kellmann Ralf , Strand Heidi , Theodorsson Elvar , Marber Michael , Omland Torbjørn , Aakre Kristin Moberg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Biological variation (BV) data may be used to develop analytical performance specifications (APS), reference change values (RCV), and support the applicability of population reference intervals. This study estimates within-subject BV (CVI) for several endocrine biomarkers using 3 different methodological approaches.

Methods
For the direct method, 30 healthy volunteers were sampled weekly for 10 consecutive weeks. Samples were analyzed in duplicate for 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, cortisol, cortisone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and testosterone. A CV-ANOVA with outlier removal and a Bayesian model were applied to derive the CVI. For estradiol, FSH and LH, only the male subgroup was included. In the indirect method, using the same analytes and groups, pairs of sequential results were extracted from the laboratory information system. The total result variation for individual pairs was determined by identifying a central gaussian distribution in the ratios of the result pairs. The CVI was then estimated by removing the effect of analytical variation.

Results
The estimated CVI from the Bayesian model (μCVP(i)) in the total cohort was: 17-OHP, 23%; androstenedione, 20%; cortisol, 18%; cortisone, 11%; SHBG, 7.4%; testosterone, 16%; and for the sex hormones in men: estradiol, 14%; FSH, 8%; and LH, 26%. CVI-heterogeneity was present for most endocrine markers. Similar CVI data were estimated using the CV-ANOVA and the indirect method.

Conclusions
Similar CVI data were obtained using 2 different direct and one indirect method. The indirect approach is a low-cost alternative ensuring implementation of CVI data applicable for local conditions.
A case report of paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in a patient with dextrocardia and repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Fujita Takeshi , Yoshida Akira , Ichikawa Minoru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Some adults suffer sudden cardiac death after previous surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and in such cases, ventricular tachycardia is believed to be the most frequent cause of death. However, we report a case of cardiac arrest due to paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in an adult with dextrocardia and repaired TOF.

Case summary
A 49-year-old woman with dextrocardia and a history of surgical treatment for TOF lost consciousness three times. A previously implanted loop recorder showed a 60-second cardiac arrest, and complete atrioventricular block was diagnosed. An electrophysiological study showed prolongation of the His-ventricular interval but no ventricular tachycardia. A dual chamber pacemaker was implanted, and there has been no recurrence of syncope in the 23 months since implantation.

Discussion
There is little evidence for paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in patients with repaired TOF. This case suggests that paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block can occur late after surgical repair of TOF, and research needs to elucidate whether it is the cause of sudden cardiac death in some patients with TOF.
Seasonal dynamic of diazotrophic activity and environmental variables affecting it in the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea
Authors: Liepina-Leimane Ineta , Barda Ieva , Jurgensone Iveta , Labucis Atis , Suhareva Natalija , Kozlova Vendija , Maderniece Agita , Aigars Juris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe semi-enclosed Baltic Sea experiences regular summer blooms of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Previously, it has been conclusively demonstrated that in open nitrogen-limited parts of the Baltic Sea, cyanobacteria successfully fix atmospheric N2. At the same time, diazotrophic activity is still poorly understood in Baltic Sea sub-regions where nitrogen and phosphorus are co-limiting primary production. To address this gap in research, we used the15 N tracer method for in situ incubations and measured the N2-fixation rate of heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria and picocyanobacteria in the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea, from April to September. Physicochemical variables and phytoplankton community composition were also determined. Our results show that the dominant species of cyanobacteria for this region (Aphanizomenon flosaquae) was present in the phytoplankton community during most of the study period. We also establish that the N2-fixation rate has a strong correlation with the proportion of A. flosaquae biomass containing heterocysts (r = 0.80). Our findings highlight the importance of a heterocyst-focused approach for an accurate diazotrophic activity evaluation that is one of the foundations for future management and protection of the Baltic Sea.
Periostin Plasma Levels and Changes on Physical and Cognitive Capacities in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Juan Luis , Ader Isabelle , Jeanson Yannick , Planat-Benard Valérie , Vellas Bruno , Casteilla Louis , de Souto-Barreto Philipe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPeriostin, involved in extracellular matrix development and support, has been shown to be elevated in senescent tissues and fibrotic states, transversal signatures of aging. We aimed to explore associations between plasma periostin and physical and cognitive capacity evolution among older adults. Our hypothesis was that higher levels of plasma periostin will be associated with worse physical and mental capacities along time. Analyses included 1 096 participants (mean age = 75.3 years ± 4.4; 63.9% women) from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial. Periostin levels (pg/mL) were measured in plasma collected at year 1. Periostin was used in continuous variable, and as a dichotomous variable highest quartile (POSTN+) versus lowest 3 quartiles (POSTN−) were used. Outcomes were measured annually over 4 years and included: gait speed (GS), short physical performance battery (SPPB) score, 5-times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), and handgrip strength (HS) as physical and cognitive composite z-score (CCS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as cognitive endpoints. Plasma periostin as a continuous variable was associated with the worsening of physical and cognitive capacities over 4 years of follow-up, specifically the SPPB score, the 5-STS, and CCS in full-adjusted models. POSTN+ was associated with worse evolution in the physical (GS: [β = −0.057, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.101, −0.013], SPPB score [β = −0.736, 95% CI = −1.091, −0.381], 5-STS [β = 1.681, 95% CI = 0.801, 2.561]) as well as cognitive (CCS [β = −0.215, 95% CI = −0.335, −0.094]) domains compared to POSTN− group. No association was found with HS or the MMSE score. Our study showed for the first time that increased plasma periostin levels were associated with declines in both physical and cognitive capacities in older adults over a 4-year follow-up. Further research is needed to evaluate whether periostin might be used as a predictive biomarker of functional decline at an older age.