bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criticism Against Feminist's Thinking About Husband's and Wife’s Rights and Obligations
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Mukri Moh. , Asriani Asriani 
Published: January 2022

Marriage is a legal place to foster a peaceful, harmonious and loving household (Sakīnah mawaddah wa rahmah). In marriage, the fulfillment of the rights and obligations of husband and wife is the main means for achieving domestic happiness. In the Islamic perspective, the husband is the head of the household and the wife is the housewife. However, in modern times, along with the emergence of feminists, the concept of the rights and obligations of husband/wife are thus re-interpreted and reconstructed on the grounds that many wives are no longer serving as housewives but also help husbands in earning a living. As a result, the aspect of equality is more prioritized than the concept of mu'āsyarah bil ma'rūf (harmonious relationship). This article examines the views of Muslim feminists about the role of husband/wife in a household, while comparing them with concepts that exist in Islamic teachings. In conclusion, the Islamic concept of the rights and obligations of wife and husband, if it is carried out consistently, will actually bring more benefit and permanence in the household than the feminist’s which is only based on the equality argument.
The Abolition of Culpability After Converting to Islam In The Science of Ḥadîth and Ḥadîth Al-Aḥkâm Perspective
Authors: Athoillah Mohamad Anton , Nuryamin Nuryamin 
Published: January 2022

This article examines the authenticity of the hadith concerning the abolition of one's culpability after converting to Islam as contained in Ṣaḥîḥ al-Bukhârî, Kitab al-Îmân, Bâb Ḥusn Islâm al-Mar '. The method used in this research is the takhrîj al-ḥadîth method, which is a method to find the strength of the authenticity of ḥadîth by tracing it to its original source. This research found the fact that in the narrative, many ḥadîth in the book Ṣaḥîḥ al-Bukhârî are often classified as Hadith al-mu'allaq (Suspended Hadith) without considering the statements or explanations of the commentators. In fact, the status of a ḥadîth which is categorized as ḍa'îf (weak) because the sanad (chain of narrators) is munqaṭi ' (broken), but after tracking other sanad there is an indication that the ḥadîth is connected to the Prophet, so that the status is ṣaḥîḥ (authentic). This has been the agreement of the scholars, except for Ibn Ḥazm. In conclusion, not all ḥadîths, categorized as Mu'alla, can be categorized as ḍa'îf (weak) because the sanad is munqaṭi '(the narrator's chain is broken); As, in many cases, there are many such ḥadîths, after tracking through other means, it turns out to be connected to the Prophet; One of which is the hadith regarding the elimination of past mistakes of an infidel who later converted to Islam.
Al-Hājat As The Basis Of Contemporary Ijtihād
Authors: Fatarib Husnul , Qasem Muhammad , Meirison Meirison 
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the use of the concept of hājat (necessity) in the application of sharia law when there are difficulties in applying the original provisions. The hājat (necessity) makes it possible for people and individuals not to apply the original law when they experience difficulties in applying it. However, the use of hājat must fulfill several conditions, including (1) it should be mu'tabarah, not contradicting the prevailing principles of syara', (2) it should be found in cases that seriously threaten religious interests, life/soul, mind, descent, and property. (3) If the hājat is general for a group of people or the wider community or individuals, then this position of hājat occupies an emergency position and takes place permanently for the community but temporarily for individuals. This study found the fact that some contemporary scholars no longer adhere to the principle of hājat which is mu'tabarah or following the maqāsid sharī'ah with all its requirements but has mixed it with pseudo-ad-dharūrah (emergency). Through this approach, some contemporary cases that were initially considered harām (forbidden), such as forex (Foreign Exchange) are considered lawful because they are needed. In other words, even though it is not a real hājat because forex is ribā nasī'ah, it can be done in an emergency, as is the case with bonds that have fixed interest.
Judges Decisions of Makassar, Palopo, and Masamba Religious Court over the Islamic Inheritance Law
Authors: Assad Andi Sukmawati , Hasyim Baso 
Published: January 2022

This study analyzes the results of ijtihad among the judges of the Religious Courts, particularly in the Palopo, Masamba, and Makassar Religious Courts in resolving cases of disputes over the inheritance rights of boys and girls in the Muslim community. Its main purpose is to analyze their method of ijtihad including the legal basis they apply in checking legal facts. This study uses a descriptive-analytic method supported by sociological, normative, and religious approaches. The results of the study concluded that the judges at the Palopo, Makassar, and Masamba Religious Courts have reconstructed the provisions of inheritance law in the Qur’an and the Islamic Law Compilation through their ijtihad. This is indicated by their decision in many cases, among others, to give all inheritance assets to daughters, whereas in the Qur’an and the Islamic Law Compilation the inheritance rights for girls have been determined as ½ a portion. Likewise their decision regarding the ratio of inheritance rights between boys and girls, which in the Qur’an, Hadith, and the Compilation of Islamic Law is determined to be 2: 1, reconstructed to be 1: 1; the decision to give 1/3 of the inheritance property to the adopted child through a grant or a wasiyat wajibah (will) mechanism, as well as inheritance rights to grandchildren as a substitute for the position of the father or mother.
Reciprocal Teaching Learning: Is it Effective to Improve Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills and Scientific Process Skills?
Authors: Hidayah Rofiatul , Latifah Sri , Komikesari Happy , Yusuf Irwan 
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of using the reciprocal teaching learning model on the higher order thinking skills and science process skills of students. The research method used is a Quasi Experiment. Based on the results of the research calculated by the independent sample t-test from the post-test results of the control class of 66.97 and the experimental class of 77.71, it was obtained tcountmore than ttable (10.167 more than 1.996) and the percentage of observation results from the control class average of 73 and the mean The experimental class average is 76, so that the tcount value is greater than the ttable ((3.656 more than 1.996). Then the effectiveness of the reciprocal teaching model is known through the effect size test and the value of d = 0.5 is obtained. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the reciprocal model This teaching is effective in improving higher order thinking skills and science process skills.
Uji Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol beberapa Tumbuhan Famili Asteraceae
Authors: Amal Surya , Sri Gunarti Neni , Prama Soebakti Kankan , Gusti Mahdalena Dinda , Nur Fadhillah Nida , Hidayah Himyatul 
Published: January 2022

Tumbuhan famili Asteraceae sering digunakan masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional. Efek farmakologi tumbuhan Asteraceae dapat dikaitkan dengan berbagai senyawa fitokimia, termasuk polifenol, asam fenolik, flavonoid, asetilena dan triterpen. Flavonoid telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas tinggi untuk penghambatan terhadap xantin oksidase, dan ditemukan memiliki kemampuan untuk menurunkan kadar asam urat dalam serum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji aktivitas antihiperurisemia ekstrak etanol beberapa tumbuhan anggota famili Asteraceae (Taraxacum officinale, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Elephantopus scaber, Gynura procumbens, Ageratum conyzoides, Sonchus arvensis, Gynura divaricate) terhadap hewan uji mencit (Mus musculus). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan hewan uji mencit jantan galur Balb/c. Pada penelitian ini kadar asam urat diukur menggunakan metode POCT (Point of Care Testing) dengan alat UA Sure. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa semua tumbuhan famili Asteraceae yang diuji positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Tumbuhan yang memberikan efek antihiperurisemia paling tinggi dalam menurunkan kadar asam urat yaitu ekstrak etanol Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) pada dosis 500 mg/Kg BB dengan persentase penurunan sebesar 52% ± 0,2. Sedangkan penurunan paling terkecil pada ekstrak etanol Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) pada dosis 500 mg/KgBB dengan presentase penurunan sebesar 4,80% ± 0,01. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol beberapa tumbuhan famili Asteraceae berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada mencit dan memiliki potensi sebagai obat antihiperurisemia.
Evaluasi Standar Pelayanan Minimal Kategori Waktu Tunggu Pelayanan Resep di Rumah Sakit ’X’ Karawang
Authors: Hidayah Himyatul , Amal Surya , Hana Herdiani Neng 
Published: January 2022

Rumah sakit adalah sarana yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan. Agar tercapai pelayanan yang paripurna di dalam setiap melakukan pelayanan di rumah sakit diharapkan mampu memenuhi Standar Pelayanan Minimal(SPM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pencapaian Standar Pelayanan Minimal(SPM) rumah sakit dengan jenis pelayanan farmasi kategori lama waktu tunggu pelayanan resep rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit ‘X” Karawang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan rancangan deskriptif (penelitian survey) terhadap pasien rawat jalan yang menebus resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit ‘X‘ Karawang. Sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sampel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 192 resep dengan 96 resep obat racikan dan 96 resep obat jadi atau non racikan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penghitungan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat jadi dan obat racikan, selanjutnya dianalisis terhadap kesesuaian dengan Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) kategori lama waktu tunggu. Hasil peneitian waktu tunggu rata-rata obat racikan pada penelitian ini adalah 71 menit dan obat jadi atau obat non racikan 51 menit. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa waktu tunggu rata-rata baik obat jadi maupun obat racikan tidak sesuai dengan standar pelayanan minimal yang dipersyaratkan oleh Kepmenkes No 129/ Menkes/SK/II/2008 tentang pelayanan resep baik obat jadi maupun obat racikan yaitu lama waktu tunggu obat jadi ≤30 menit dan obat racikan ≤60 menit.
Pengaruh Usia dan Jenis Kelamin Terhadap Pengetahuan Serta Perilaku Penggunaan Suplemen di Masa Pandemi pada Mahasiswa IIk Bhakti Wiyata
Authors: Widyaningrum Esti Ambar , Wika Admaja Wika , Winduhani Astuti Lelly , Masyriqoh Badiaturisa 
Published: January 2022

Pada akhir tahun 2019 ditemukan adanya temuan virus baru SARS-CoV-2 dan penyakitnya disebut Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19). Virus ini dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan terutama gangguan pada saluran pernapasan mulai dari flu biasa sampai sindrom pernapasan akut. Upaya pemerintah dan masyarakat guna mencegah penyebaran virus tersebut yaitu dengan protokol 5M serta dengan menguatkan imun yang salah satunya melalui konsumsi suplemen kesehatan, baik diperoleh melalui resep dokter maupun secara bebas di apotek. Diperlukan pengetahuan yang memadai agar pemilihan dan penggunaan suplemen aman dan rasional. Untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku serta pengaruh usia dan jenis kelamin terhadap pengetahuan serta perilaku penggunaan suplemen yang rasional pada mahasiswa S1 Farmasi IIK Bhakti Wiyata Kediri selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian observational analitik secara cross sectional dengan responden mahasiswa S1 Farmasi IIK Bhakti Wiyata Kediri. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner online yang disebarkan melalui grup whatsapp pada tiap angkatan. Data diperoleh dari 372 responden dan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan mayoritas cukup baik 58,9% dengan perilaku positif 56,2%. Dari analisis dengan Chi-Square diketahui ada pengaruh usia terhadap pengetahuan dengan p value 0.000≤0.05 tetapi tidak ada pengaruh usia terhadap perilaku (0.0617>0.05). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin diketahui ada pengaruh jenis kelamin terhadap pengetahuan serta perilaku (p value ≤ 0.05). Ada pengaruh usia, jenis kelamin terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku, sedangkan usia tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku penggunaan supplemen kesehatan peningkat imunitas tubuh selama pandemic COVID-19
Neo-Victorian felony – Crime narratives in Graeme Macrae Burnet’sHis Bloody Projectand Ian McGuire’sThe North Water
Authors: Chalupský Petr 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe neo-Victorian novel has been one of the most significant branches of contemporary British historical fiction for the past three decades. Thanks to works like A. S. Byatt’s Possession, Sarah Waters’ trilogy Tipping the Velvet, Affinity and Fingersmith and Michel Faber’s The Crimson Petal and the White, the genre has gained not only considerable popularity among readers, but also almost a canonical literary status. Although recent neo-Victorian fiction has been trying to find some new ways in which the genre could avoid stereotypical narratives, it still retains its most determining idiosyncrasies. One of them is an interest in the undersides of Victorian society, including the themes of violence and criminality, which is why these novels often resort to the genre of crime and detective fiction. This is also the case of Graeme Macrae Burnet’s His Bloody Project (2015) and Ian McGuire’s The North Water (2016), both historical novels set in Victorian Britain which were, respectively, shortlisted and longlisted for the 2016 Man Booker Prize. This paper attempts to show the different manners in which these two novels employ various forms of crime narratives so as to achieve their goal of presenting convincing and seemingly authentic insights into the more obscure aspects of the Victorian era.
Never mind the city guides: The topos of a city in urban fantasy (with interpretative emphasis on Neil Gaiman’s novel Neverwhere)
Authors: Boszorád Martin , Klimková Simona 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper focuses on the phenomenon of urban fantasy with a particular interest in the topos of a city, which assumes great significance as a thematic and motivic element in the subgenre. The authors touch upon the relation between (sub)genre and topos/topoi in general, but also more specifically, between urban fantasy and the city, regarding the urban area as a distinct setting with a specific atmosphere, character or genius loci. Within this frame, the paper seeks to exemplify the aforementioned relations through an interpretative study of Neil Gaiman’s novel Neverwhere, which breathes life into the London underground scene. London Below comes to personify, literally, the vices of London Above via the use of anthropomorphic strategies. Moreover, the spatial peculiarities of the novel not only contribute to the creation of the fantastical atmosphere but they also function as a vehicle of social critique and a constitutive element of the protagonist’s transformation.
Changes in head posture after rapid palatal expansion in mouth-breathing children.
Authors: Pop Silvia Izabella , Krisztina Martha , Contac Laura Roxana , Henrietta Sandor 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction. It is well known that previously has been demonstrated a correlation between respiratory function and the harmonious craniofacial development and head posture respectively.
Aim of the study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and the change in natural head position (NHP) resulting from the consequent change in airway resistance and to elucidate how RME influences NHP in terms of cephalometric angles in children with nasal obstruction.
Material and methods. The study included 12 girls and 8 boys who had a history of mouth breathing, as confirmed by the parents and ORL specialist and due to this fact, they underwent RME as part of orthodontic treatment. Dental casts, clinical photographs and lateral skull radiographs exposed in natural head position were obtained at the first visit (T1) and 8-10 months (T2) later for all subjects. In order to evaluate the patient’s lateral skull radiographs, I used AudaxCeph software, within which I created a new type of analysis. Student T test and Pearson correlation test were used to statistically analyze the results.
Results. Our findings demonstrate that no significant changes in any of the variables are observed in patients treated with rapid maxillary expansion, however a positive correlation was observed in the variables measured before and after the treatment, respectively between the anomaly and the measured values. Positivity can also be detected when examining the correlation between the patient’s gender and the measured values.
Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, we cannot state that there is a correlation between rapid maxillary expansion and cervical posture.
Endodontic anatomy of lower premolars in a subpopulation from the Mureş county.
Authors: Dakó Timea , Vlad Ramona-Elena , Stoica Alexandra-Mihaela , Kovăcs-Ivăcson Andrea-Csinszka , Monea Monica 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background/Aim: Thorough knowledge of the endodontic anatomy and comprehensive understanding of root canal morphological variations are mandatory to ensure the successful outcome of the endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of root canals of first and second lower premolars in a selected population to the root canal pattern reported by endodontic literature and to analyze the gender distribution.
Material and methods: A total of 376 preoperative periapical radiographs were obtained from patients living in the Mureş County of Romania. The X-rays were analyzed by 3 endodontists into determining whether the mandibular premolars had one, two or three root canals. The difference between male and female gender distribution was also examined. Endodontic treatment was then performed using the operating microscope to confirm the root canal configuration of the radiographic analysis. The results were compared to common knowledge of the endodontic literature.
Results: In this study, by using the radiographic method combined with direct observation aided by the operating microscope, 31.3% of first premolars and 14.6% of second premolars were found to have two root canals. A higher percentage of two root canals were found in females for both first (60.97%) and second premolars (76.9%).
Conclusion: In the Mureş County region, mandibular premolars with two root canals have a significantly higher rate than the literature reports. Female patients have a higher prevalence than male patients. This should concern clinicians from this area to be aware of these facts as it can unquestionably influence the tooth’s long-term prognosis.
Analysis of Changes in Shopping Habits and Causes of Food Waste Among Consumers Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Authors: Nicewicz Robert , Bilska Beata 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Food waste is a worldwide phenomenon that needs to be reduced. The causes of this problem vary widely. The study used the Computer-Assisted Web Interview method. There were 500 respondents from all over the country and among them 60% women and 40% men. The sample selection was purposeful. Before the pandemic began, the highest percentage of consumers shopped two to three times a week. As of March 2020, the frequency of this activity has decreased for every fourth respondent. Also during this period, an increase in the frequency of shopping alone was observed, as well as an increase in the number of people who outsource their shopping list to others. Nowadays, the vast majority of respondents usually create a shopping list before doing it and follow it. Before the pandemic, this was the case for only 46% of respondents, while during the pandemic it was the case for 81%. Exceeding the expiration date was the most common reason for throwing products in the trash before as well as during the pandemic. Over-shopping as a cause of food waste increased almost fourfold during the pandemic. A positive aspect is noticeable for the ‘I don’t throw food away’ response. The percentage of respondents increased from 16% to 21%. During both survey periods, respondents most often indicated that they throw away fruits, vegetables, bread, and dairy products. During the COVID-19 pandemic, consumers’ shopping behaviour changed. They attended grocery stores far less frequently, mostly on their own, and purchased larger quantities of products. Nonetheless, consumers planned their purchases and checked expiration dates before putting food in their shopping carts. Households were thus forced to respond quickly, adjusting their shopping behaviour. These behaviours have implications for the subsequent activities of retail merchants.
Remote Learning Under the Self-evaluation Microscope – Students’ Opinions about Their Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maciejewska Monika 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The impetus for the research presented in this article was the fact that universities have changed their mode of operation into distance learning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. This shift was universal and forced, and triggered significant changes in the way the classes were carried out. Therefore, questions arose about how the main actors of this scene, namely teachers and students, cope with the new educational reality. The course conducted by the author of this article, covering the fundamentals of evaluation, under which students each year accomplish evaluation research projects addressing important issues related to education at the Faculty, has provided an excellent opportunity to reflect in this regard. To this end, students prepared and accomplished self-evaluation projects, the subject of which was their functioning in the remote education mode. The analysis of the collected data made it possible to distinguish the elements of remote education, which are particularly important from the perspective of young people studying in new, atypical conditions.
Applications of Augmented Reality Technology in the Military Educational Field
Authors: Virca Ioan , Bârsan Ghiță , Oancea Romana , Vesa Claudiu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present practical applications of augmented reality technology AR, corroborated with facilities of VR virtual reality technology, made using existing equipment in the Academy of Land Forces, by the authors of the paper and with the involvement of passionate academics. of this direction of scientific research. Augmented reality technology is part of the field of emerging technologies and along with disruptive technologies, are areas that are currently being addressed intensively in terms of research and their use in civilian and military applications. The research methodology was based on the creation of scenarios in which AR equipment was used, and with the help of the Ada Viewer software application, operator-specific information was augmented. The behavior of the operators was then evaluated by comparative analysis with the classical scenarios. The obtained results highlight the advantages of augmented reality technology, allowing the efficiency of the activities and actions of the operators. The range of practical applications with AR technology can be developed for many disciplines of education and training of military students in the academy, and the combination of AR technology and virtual reality facilities will allow modeling and simulation of operator training scenarios and more active involvement.