bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards developing sustainable design standards for waterfront open spaces
Authors: Salama Shery William 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrban designers are interested while designing waterfront urban space with aesthetic standards and the process of visual perception, which depends only on Vision, while the rest of the human senses (H.S.) are overlooked, regardless of their importance. Thus, this study aims to enable urban designers to achieve better open urban space designs that fit all H.S. for better interaction. In addition, a set of criteria will be created that assist in imagining the design of an open waterfront urban space. Formulating the conceptual framework will be informed by studying different practical examples internationally e.g. London, in the Arab world e.g. Jeddah and and locally e.g. Sharm El-Sheikh in Egypt. This will be combined with field observation, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with people from Fuwwah City, Kafr El Sheikh in Egypt. This framework will attempt to provide a methodology and guidelines to improve the urban image of developing waterfront areas. in general, and Egypt in particular.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on total treatment time of fixed appliances
Authors: Santos Milena , de Araujo Almeida Guilherme , Normando David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral aspects of the orthodontic routine seem to have been affected since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the duration of fixed orthodontic treatment.MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated consecutive cases of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment that completed treatment before (n = 37) or during (n = 26) the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of the pandemic on treatment time was adjusted for the patient’s initial age, sex, number of debonds/breakages, number of missing teeth, initial PAR (Peer Assessment Rating) index (T0) and operator (n = 2), through multiple linear regression. The impact generated by months of treatment conducted during the pandemic period was also examined. Seven poorly finished cases were previously excluded, including five finished during the pandemic.ResultsAlthough the number of absences/missed appointments of patients treated during the pandemic was four months more than those treated in the previous period (p < 0.001), there was no significant effect of the pandemic on total orthodontic treatment time for both operators. There was also an effect of operator (β = 10.42,p < 0.001) and gender, which was lower in females (β = 4.77,p = 0.03), on treatment time (R2 = 0.27). The other variables showed no significant association (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant effect on total orthodontic treatment time, although a greater number of absences/missed appointments were observed.
SafetyCrown: a patient-centered, fully digital concept for immediate implant restoration following the one-abutment/one-time concept—a pilot case series of a new treatment concept
Authors: Waltenberger Lukas , Wolfart Stefan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The patient-centered SafetyCrown-workflow enables the immediate restoration of posterior missing teeth and short free-end situations following one-abutment/one-time within three visits and only one surgical approach. This prosthodontic rehabilitation aims to combine the advantages of cemented and screw-retained restorations.

Report
The concept has been performed with 4 restorations in 3 patients and followed up for up to 1 year (mean: 11.2 months) without technical and/or biological complication. Visit 1: Intraoral optical impression, CBCT, and tooth shade selection. Virtual implant planning is performed, and a surgical guide is printed. After exporting the planned implant position, a tooth-colored abutment is fabricated from zirconia with a 1-mm supragingival cementation line, adhesively bonded to a titanium base. Visit 2: Fully navigated implant placement with insertion of the definitive abutment. Subsequently, optical impressions are prepared for A: immediate restoration using a PMMA crown without functional contacts; B: definitive crown fabricated from monolithic zirconia and individualized. The localization of the screw channel is marked using stain thus permitting precise screw channel access, if necessary. Visit 3: After osseointegration of the implant, the definitive crown is adhesively cemented supragingival. In a retrospective analysis of PROMs (‘How stressful was the treatment process […]?’ (0 = not stressful at all, 100 = very stressful), mean VAS score for SafetyCrown of 14 (SD 11.7) and 29.8 (SD 23.1) for standard procedure were present.

Conclusion
The SafetyCrown offers a shortened, patient-oriented concept for implant-supported single-tooth reconstructions omitting second-stage surgery. Clinical performance and hypothesized prosthodontic benefits require confirmation via an RCT.
Correspondence Between Values of Vertical Loading Rate and Oxygen Consumption During Inclined Running
Authors: Lemire Marcel , Falbriard Mathieu , Aminian Kamiar , Pavlik Eloïse , Millet Grégoire P. , Meyer Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical model to predict the vertical loading rate (VLR) at different slopes and speeds during incline running.

Methods
Twenty-nine healthy subjects running at least once a week performed in a randomized order 4-min running trials on an instrumented treadmill at various speeds (8, 10, 12, and 14 km h−1) and slopes (− 20%, − 10%, − 5%, 0%, + 5%, + 10%, + 15%, + 20%). Heart rate, gas exchanges and ground reaction forces were recorded. The VLR was then calculated as the slope of the vertical force between 20 and 80% of the duration from initial foot contact to the impact peak.

Results
There was no difference in VLR between the four different uphill conditions at given running speeds, but it was reduced by 27% at 5% slope and by 54% at 10% slope for the same metabolic demand (similar $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

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), when compared to level running. The average VLR measured at maximal aerobic intensity during level running would be decreased by 52.7% at + 5%, by 63.0% at + 10%, and by 73.3% at + 15% slope. Moreover, VLR was dependent on the slope in downhill conditions.

Conclusion
This study highlights the possibility to use uphill running to minimize rate of mechanical load (i.e., osteoarticular load) from foot impact on the ground and as a time-efficient exercise routine (i.e., same energy expenditure than in level running in less time).
Bilateral intermediate uveitis following treatment with paclitaxel in a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Kvopka Michael , Smith Justine R. , Koczwara Bogda , Lake Stewart R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To report a case of bilateral intermediate uveitis without cystoid macular edema secondary to paclitaxel therapy, and its successful management with oral corticosteroids.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old female developed bilateral intermediate uveitis with reduced best corrected visual acuity to 20/40 right and 20/200 left, following 12 cycles of paclitaxel therapy for breast carcinoma. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated no cystoid macular edema in either eye, and fundus fluorescein angiography showed localized retinal vascular leakage. Resolution of uveitis and improvement of visual acuity followed treatment with oral prednisolone for two months. Fourteen months after presentation, right and left visual acuities had returned to 20/32 and 20/40, respectively, and there was no recurrence of the uveitis.

Conclusions
This is the first reported case of bilateral intermediate uveitis in a patient treated with paclitaxel. Drug-induced uveitis should be considered in patients with visual symptoms in the setting of taxane chemotherapy, and oral corticosteroids are a safe and effective treatment.
Debriefing interaction patterns and learning outcomes in simulation: an observational mixed-methods network study
Authors: Abegglen Sandra , Greif Robert , Balmer Yves , Znoj Hans Joerg , Nabecker Sabine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Debriefing is effective and inexpensive to increase learning benefits of participants in simulation-based medical education. However, suitable communication patterns during debriefings remain to be defined. This study aimed to explore interaction patterns during debriefings and to link these to participants’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and self-reported learning outcomes.

Methods
We assessed interaction patterns during debriefings of simulation sessions for residents, specialists, and nurses from the local anaesthesia department at the Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. Network analysis was applied to establish distinctive interaction pattern categories based on recorded interaction links. We used multilevel modelling to assess relationships between interaction patterns and self-reported learning outcomes.

Results
Out of 57 debriefings that involved 111 participants, discriminatory analyses revealed three distinctive interaction patterns: ‘fan’, ‘triangle’, and ‘net’. Participants reported significantly higher self-reported learning effects in debriefings with a net pattern, compared to debriefings with a fan pattern. No effects were observed for participant satisfaction, learning effects after 1 month, and perceived usefulness of simulation sessions.

Conclusions
A learner-centred interaction pattern (i.e. net) was significantly associated with improved short-term self-reported individual learning and team learning. This supports good-practice debriefing guidelines, which stated that participants should have a high activity in debriefings, guided by debriefers, who facilitate discussions to maximize the development for the learners.
Smiling makes you look older, even when you wear a mask: the effect of face masks on age perception
Authors: Ganel Tzvi , Goodale Melvyn A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe widespread use of face masks in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic has promoted research on their effect on the perception and recognition of faces. There is growing evidence that masks hinder the recognition of identity and expression, as well as the interpretation of speech from facial cues. It is less clear whether and in what manner masks affect the perception of age from facial cues. Recent research has emphasized the role of the upper region of the face, a part not covered by a mask, in the evaluation of age. For example, smile-related wrinkles in the region of the eyes make smiling faces appear older than neutral faces of the same individuals (the aging effect of smiling, AES). In two experiments, we tested the effect of face masks on age evaluations of neutral and smiling faces in a range of different age groups from 20 to 80 years. The results showed that smiling faces were perceived as older than neutral faces even when individuals were wearing a face mask—and there was no effect of masks on bias in age evaluations. Additional analyses showed reduced accuracy in age evaluations for smiling compared to neutral faces and for masked compared to unmasked faces. The results converge on previous studies emphasizing the importance of the upper region of the face in evaluations of age.
Network analysis of gratitude messages in the learning community
Authors: Yoshida Masami 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn pedagogical practice, gratitude is recognised not as an emotion, but as an approach to learning. This study introduced gratitude messages into the academic online communication of university students and specifically examined the community in which students shared their messages with gratitude. This study examined the tendency of message connections and how gratitude messages prompted replies. To elucidate their connections, exponential random graph models (ERGMs) were used. A post-event questionnaire to evaluate gratitude experiences was also administered. Results revealed that 77.3% of the 172 connected messages from 123 students involved gratitude. When the post-event questionnaire results were examined using an ERGM, the score effects on increasing message connections were found not to be significant. The most prominent indication was a higher level of significant propensities to make mutual connections. The homophily of the message content was found to have a significant propensity to increase connections. The ERGM results and a review of messages revealed that students expressed gratitude for being both benefactors and beneficiaries of gratitude messages, which confirmed their prosocial behaviour.
Characteristics of health-related quality of life and related factors in patients with brain tumors treated with rehabilitation therapy
Authors: Watanabe Takahiro , Noto Shinichi , Natsumeda Manabu , Kimura Shinji , Tabata Satoshi , Ikarashi Fumie , Takano Mayuko , Tsukamoto Yoshihiro , Oishi Makoto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Rehabilitation therapy during hospitalization is effective in improving activities of daily living (ADL) and physical function in patients with brain tumors. However, there are few studies on the effect of rehabilitation therapy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with brain tumors. Additionally, the EuroQol-5Dimension-5Level (EQ-5D-5L) index score has not been reported as an outcome. This study aimed to investigate the HRQOL of patients with brain tumors who underwent rehabilitation therapy and investigated the factors affecting the EQ-5D-5L index score from various perspectives, including various brain tumor type and recurrence. In addition, we examined the relationship between the EQ-5D-5L index score, disease-specific HRQOL scale, and ADL.

Methods
Patients with brain tumors who underwent treatment and rehabilitation at Single tertiary care academic medical center were included in this cross-sectional study. We used the EQ-5D-5L, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life questionnaire core 30, and EORTC quality of life questionnaire brain cancer module to evaluate HRQOL. ADL were assessed using the functional independence measure (FIM). The relationship between each HRQOL assessment score and the FIM was analyzed, and the influence of related factors was assessed by multiple regression analysis.

Results
This study included 76 patients. The EQ-5D-5L index score was 0.689 for all patients with brain tumors and 0.574 for those with glioblastomas, which was the lowest value. There was a moderate correlation between the EQ-5D-5L index score and FIM (r = 0.627, p < 0.001). In addition, the EQ-5D-5L index score was significantly correlated with most of the items of the disease-specific HRQOL scale. Multiple regression analysis revealed that glioblastoma histology (coefficient: − 0.373, p = 0.005) and recurrence (coefficient: − 0.273, p = 0.020) were independent factors affecting the EQ-5D-5L index score.

Conclusions
Patients with glioblastoma undergoing rehabilitation have reduced HRQOL, which was influenced by glioblastoma histology and recurrence.
Minimally invasive surgical management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation: can the endoscope replace the microscope?
Authors: Ahmed Omar El Farouk , Molla Shafik Tahseen El , Sabaa Ahmad Mohamed El 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Degenerative lumbar spine pathologies such as spinal stenosis and disc herniation constitute the most common causes of back pain and radiculopathy. After the introduction of the operative microscope in the 1970s, microscopic discectomy has become the gold standard of treatment for herniated lumbar disc by many surgeons. A tubular endoscopic approach was first described in 1997 by Foley and Smith as a new minimally invasive technique alternative to open surgical techniques. The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcome and efficacy of microscopic discectomy and endoscopic discectomy for the management of herniated lumbar disc as regard the clinical results, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications.

Results
This is a retrospective study of 40 patients, with symptomatic lumbar disc herniation managed by the authors either by microscopic discectomy (MD) (n = 20) or by endoscopic discectomy (ED) (n = 20). Patients were followed up and postoperative data was recorded at 1, 6, 12 months after surgery. Clinical scoring systems included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for the preoperative and the postoperative low back ache (VAS-B) as well as preoperative and postoperative sciatic pain (VAS-S), in addition to the evaluation of the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association scale (mJOA) over the same time intervals. Significant postoperative improvement in clinical and functional outcome of the two groups was noted, including a statistically significant improvement in postoperative VAS-B and VAS-S as well as the mJOA scores in comparison to the preoperative data (p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant shorter operative time, less blood loss and less rate of operative complications recorded in the microscopic discectomy group as compared with endoscopic discectomy group in our study.

Conclusions
Our study concluded that microscopic lumbar discectomy is as safe and effective as endoscopic lumbar discectomy for the management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation with a low complication rate, less operative blood loss and operative time. Larger series and further studies would be yet considered with longer follow-up periods.
Correlation between lumbar spinal canal magnetic resonance imaging grading systems and parameters in lumbar spinal canal compromise
Authors: Elfadle Amr Abu , Zarad Carmen Ali , Elmaaty Ali Ahmed Abou , El-Nagaa Bassem F. Abou , Soliman Ahmed Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a need to assess how commonly used classification systems of intervertebral disc degeneration reflect the compromise of neural elements. This study aims to explore the relationship between lumbar discs degenerative diseases using the Pfirrmann and the Combined Task Forces (CTF) of the North American Spine Society (NASS) grading systems as well as qualitative and quantitative grades of lumbar spinal stenosis. This retrospective cohort study included adult patients undergoing non-contrast MR imaging of lumbosacral spine. The radiological assessment included the Pfirrmann grading system, Van Rijn classification, Combined Task Force (CTF) classification, measurement of the cross-sectional area of the dural sac, mid-sagittal antero-posterior diameter of the thecal sac, the degree of dural sac compression at disc level, lateral recesses heights, and intervertebral foramina diameters. The degree of stenosis of the spinal canal and intervertebral foramina was assessed.

Results
One hundred patients were included in the study. At all levels, Pfirrmann grades had a moderate, significant, positive correlation with the severity of stenosis of the central and lateral spinal canals as well as foraminal stenosis. The grades of lumbar spinal canal and foraminal stenosis had a significant positive correlation with degree of disc displacement as assessed by CTF classification and had a significant negative correlation with the quantitative lumbar spinal canal and foraminal measures.

Conclusions
There is a good correlation between Pfirrmann classification, CTF classification of NASS, qualitative grading and quantitative measures of lumbar spinal canal that reflects the severity of lumbar spinal canal stenosis and nerve root compression.
A case of Dravet syndrome with focal cortical myoclonus
Authors: Luo Xiaoqing , Wang Xiaolu , Jiang Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy in children dominated by polymorphic seizures. Focal cortical myoclonus indicated on conventional electroencephalogram (EEG) was rarely observed in DS.

Case presentation
The child, boy, thirteen months old, suffered from clonic seizures during bathing at two months old. Later he suffered from recurrent afebrile or febrile generalized tonic–clonic seizures often developing into status epilepticus. A genetic analysis of the SCN1A gene revealed a de novo heterozygous frame shift mutation in exon 21(c.3836_c.3837del AT).His myoclonic jerks of unilateral arm occurred spontaneously in response to movement. A spike wave from right central-parietal cortex immediately preceded a left myoclonic muscle activity, while a spike wave from left immediately preceded a right myoclonic muscle activity. The onset of the detected spike preceded the onset of myoclonic muscle activity by 42 ms using jerk-locked back-averaging of electroencephalogram data. The focal cortical myoclonus was not noted when one year old.

Conclusions
Focal cortical myoclonus could be a form of seizures during the first year of life in DS, which may broaden the types of seizures of DS and may provide some diagnostic clues for DS.
Differences in stakeholder-reported barriers and implementation strategies between counties with high, middle, and low HPV vaccine initiation rates: a mixed methods study
Authors: Staras Stephanie A. S. , Kastrinos Amanda L. , Wollney Easton N. , Desai Shivani , O’Neal La Toya J. , Johnson-Mallard Versie , Bylund Carma L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
A greater understanding of the county-level differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates could aid targeting of interventions to reduce HPV-related cancer disparities.

Methods
We conducted a mixed-methods study to compare the stakeholder-reported barriers and efforts to increase HPV vaccination rates between counties within the highest, middle, and lowest HPV vaccine initiation (receipt of the first dose) rates among 22 northern Florida counties. Between August 2018 and April 2019, we recruited stakeholders (n = 68) through purposeful and snowball sampling to identify potential participants who were most knowledgeable about the HPV vaccination activities within their county and would represent a variety of viewpoints to create a diverse picture of each county, and completed semi-structured interviews. County-level HPV vaccine initiation rates for 2018 were estimated from the Florida Department of Health’s immunization registry and population counts. Implementation strategies were categorized by level of importance and feasibility using the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) taxonomy. We compared the barriers and implementation strategies for HPV vaccination between tercile groups of counties by HPV vaccine initiation rates: highest (18 stakeholders), middle (27 stakeholders), and lowest (23 stakeholders).

Results
The majority of the 68 stakeholders were female (89.7%), non-Hispanic white (73.5%), and represented a variety of clinical and non-clinical occupations. The mentioned barriers represented five themes: healthcare access, clinician practices, community partnerships, targeted populations, and cultural barriers. Within themes, differences emerged between county terciles. Within healthcare access, the highest rate county stakeholders focused on transportation, lowest rate county stakeholders focused on lack of clinicians, and middle county stakeholders mentioned both. The number of ERIC quadrant I strategies, higher feasibility, and importance described decreased with the tercile for HPV vaccination: highest = 6, middle = 5, and lowest =3 strategies.

Conclusions
The differing barriers and strategies between the highest, middle, and lowest vaccination rate counties suggest that a tailored and targeted effort within the lowest and middle counties to adopt strategies of the highest rate counties may reduce disparities.