bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Organoindium 1,2‐Benzenedithiolates and 2‐Amidobenzenethiolates
Authors: Briand Glen G. , George Tanner , MacNeil Gregory A. , Masuda Jason D. , MacLean Brian J. , Mosher Michael W. R. , Sandala Gregory M. , Srinivasan Padmapriya , Stockli Alexander H. , Vanderkloet Rachel L. , Walsby Charles J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganoindium compounds of redox active 1,2‐benzenedithiolate and 2‐amidobenzenethiolate ligands were synthesized and tested for reactivity against mild oxidants. The reaction of Me3In and (NCN)InMe2 [NCN=2,6‐bis(dimethylaminomethy)phenyl] with 3,4‐toluenedithiol (H2tdt) at room temperature afforded [MeIn(tdt)(py)]2 (1) and (NCN)In(tdt) (2), respectively. A similar reaction of Me3In with 2‐aminobenzenethiol (H2abt) in toluene under reflux afforded [MeIn(abt)(py)]2 (3). The reaction of (NCN)InCl2 with one equivalent of Li2(abt) or two equivalents of Li(Habt) afforded the compounds [(NCN)In(abt)]⋅LiCl(thf)2 (4⋅LiCl(thf)2) and (NCN)In(Habt)2 (5), respectively. The X‐ray crystal structures of 1 and 3 are similar and show dimeric structures via μ‐S‐(tdt) and μ‐N‐(abt) ligands, respectively. Compounds 2 and 4 possess similar monomeric structures and tridentate NCN pincer ligands. DFT computational studies have been used to rationalize the observed solid‐state structures and discern the potential reactivity of compounds 1–4 against oxidants. The reaction of 1 and 2 with excess iodine resulted in loss of the 3,4‐toluenedithiolate ligand and the formation of the oligomeric disulfide [tdt]n, while 3 and 4 showed no reactivity under similar conditions. This contrasts the reactivity of previously reported organoindium o‐amidophenolate complexes which undergo oxidative addition of iodine to afford ligand‐centered radical species.
Regioselective and Scalable Total Synthesis of Licochalcone C and Related Licoagrochalcones
Authors: Dovhaniuk Nazar , Blahun Oleksandr P. , Sosunovych Bohdan , Redka Mykhailo O. , Vashchenko Bohdan V. , Grygorenko Oleksandr O. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel efficient method for the synthesis of licochalcone C in good yield on up to 30 g scale was developed. The reaction sequence included relied on the directed ortho‐metalation (DOM) of bis‐O‐MOM‐protected resorcinol for the regioselective C‐prenylation, followed by metalation‐formylation, selective O‐deprotection of a hydroxyl group located between the formyl and prenyl groups, its methylation, and aldol reaction with p‐hydroxyacetophenone. Synthesis of structurally related retrochalcones, i.e., licoagrochalcones B, C, and D, was also proposed.
Stereoselective Domino Heck‐Suzuki Reactions
Authors: Braun Manfred 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPalladium catalysis enables efficient and versatile domino reactions that are initiated by an intramolecular Mizoroki‐Heck reaction and then terminated by a Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling. The stereochemistry of this cascade is concerned under three aspects: Firstly, as stereoselective formation of carbon−carbon‐double bonds, when the initial carbometalation occurs at an alkyne moiety. Secondly as diastereoselective and thirdly enantioselective formation of stereogenic carbon centers when the intramolecular Heck step is directed to an alkene moiety. Valuable protocols lead to – otherwise not easily accomplished – stereo control in the formation of tri‐ and tetra‐substituted double bonds according to the first conception. The diastereoselective versions permit the formation of multiple stereocenters in mono‐ and polycycles. Enantioselective protocols were developed only recently. The fact that the newly created stereocenters are highly‐substituted, tertiary or quaternary ones, makes the methods that are presented in this review useful and versatile tools in synthesis.
Comparing Equilibrium Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Based on Passive Sampling and Bioaccumulation in Water Column Deployments
Authors: Burgess Robert M. , Cantwell Mark G. , Dong Zhao , Grundy James S. , Joyce Abigail S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biomonitoring at contaminated sites undergoing cleanup, including Superfund sites, often uses bioaccumulation of anthropogenic contaminants by field-deployed organisms as a metric of remedial effectiveness. Bioaccumulation studies are unable to assess the equilibrium status of the organisms relative to the contaminants to which they are exposed. Establishing equilibrium provides a reproducible benchmark on which scientific and management decisions can be based (e.g., comparison with human dietary consumption criteria). Unlike bioaccumulating organisms, passive samplers can be assessed for their equilibrium status. In our study, over a 3-year period, we compared the bioaccumulation of selected polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by mussels in water column deployments at the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site (New Bedford, MA, USA) to codeployed passive samplers. Based on comparisons to the calculated passive sampler equilibrium concentrations, the mussels were not at equilibrium, and the subsequent analysis focused on evaluating approaches for estimating equilibrium bioaccumulation. In addition, a limited evaluation of metal bioaccumulation by the exposed mussels and a metal passive sampler was performed. In general, mussel and passive sampler accumulation of PCBs was significantly correlated; however, surprisingly, agreement on the magnitude of accumulation was optimal when bioaccumulation and passive sampler uptake were not corrected for nonequilibrium conditions. A subsequent comparison of four approaches for estimating equilibrium mussel bioaccumulation using octanol–water partition coefficients (KOW), triolein–water partition coefficients (KTW), and two types of polymer–lipid partition coefficients demonstrated that field-deployed mussels were not at equilibrium with many PCBs. A range of estimated equilibrium mussel bioaccumulation concentrations were calculated, with the magnitude of the KOW-based values being the smallest and the polymer–lipid partition coefficient-based values being the largest. These analyses are intended to assist environmental scientists and managers to interpret field deployment data when transitioning from biomonitoring to passive sampling. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:317–332. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Effects of thermal and nonthermal processing techniques on aroma compounds in fruit juices: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cheng Chuanxiang , Wu Yiwen , Yue Jin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAroma compounds play important roles in juice flavor, and how some typical aroma compounds are affected by the processing techniques, in general, has not been unified. Thus, in this study meta‐analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the most widely used thermal (thermal pasteurization and high‐temperature short‐time) and nonthermal processing techniques (high hydrostatic pressure, ultrasound, pulsed electric field, and cold plasma) on four key aroma compounds in fruit juices: d‐limonene, (E)‐2‐hexenal, 1‐hexanol, and 1‐nonanol. Twelve studies were selected according to the set inclusion criteria, and the weighted response ratios (R*) calculated by a random effect model. The study demonstrated that cold plasma (R* = 1.08) and pulsed electric field (R* = 1.17) technique resulted in an increase of d‐limonene levels, and high hydrostatic pressure (R* = 0.95), thermal pasteurization (R* = 0.74), ultrasound (R* = 0.80), and high‐temperature short‐time (R* = 0.77) technique caused a reduction of d‐limonene. The nonthermal techniques can reduce the degradation of the aroma compounds and may induce some chemical reactions to produce more aroma compounds, so that the overall flavor is better maintained than that processed after thermal techniques. This study can help the juice industry to seek processing techniques that can optimize flavor quality.
Moringa leaves for improving the health benefits of quinoa fermented by probiotics
Authors: Abdelshafy Asem M. , El‐Naggar Eid A. , Kenawi Mohamed N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the effect of supplementation with Moringa leaves powder (MLP) at the concentrations of 0.25% and 0.50% (w/v) as additional sources of prebiotics to produce healthier fermented quinoa products. The biological experiment was used to study the influence of feeding with these fermented quinoa products on the blood biochemical parameters in experimental rats. The results indicated that selected probiotics, including Lactobacillus plantaram ATCC 14917 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus EMCC 11102 showed good tolerances to high acidity (pH = 2 or pH = 3), bile salts (0.3% w/v) and NaCl (7.5% w/v) and exhibited notable sensitivity against many antibiotics. Moreover, quinoa products supplemented with MLP at a concentration of 0.50% and fermented by both probiotics exhibited the highest counts of probiotic bacteria (9.32 and 9.12 log cfu/g, respectively) and showed more survival of probiotics than quinoa fermented without MLP (p > 0.05) during storage period. Also, the adding of MLP at both levels increased antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of fermented quinoa by both probiotics, and the highest level exhibited highest values. Interestingly, fermented quinoa containing higher concentration of MLP showed the higher activity in improving serum lipid profile of experimental rats.
The new railway line between Köstendorf and Salzburg – Looking back to the past and forward to the future
Authors: Seywald Christian , Rettenbacher Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo increase capacity and reduce travel time for long‐distance traffic, the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB‐Infrastruktur AG) are planning a new railway line between Köstendorf and Salzburg. The centrepiece of the project is the Flachgau Tunnel – an approx. 16 km long, twin‐tube single‐track tunnel system. The selected tunnel alignment ‘'K5 optimiert'' was developed in a multi‐year route selection procedure. Further optimisation within the current design stage – the detailed submission – achieved a 200 m shortening in tunnel length. The chosen standard cross‐section was substantiated with life‐cycle‐cost and carbon‐footprint investigations which also coincided with experiences from the construction and operation of existing tunnel structures with varying cross‐sections and travel speeds. Both studies show the advantages of the larger 54 m2 cross‐section compared to a smaller 44 m2 cross‐section. Complex hydrogeological conditions require a water pressure‐tight tunnel design capable of withstanding a maximum pressure of approx. 11 bar. These conditions are especially challenging for conventional tunnelling methods and require a waterproofing concept with two independent sealing layers. At present, the construction of the project is scheduled to take place from 2027 until 2040.
Electrical stimulation accelerates Wallerian degeneration and promotes nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury
Authors: Li Xiangling , Zhang Tieyuan , Li Chaochao , Xu Wenjing , Guan Yanjun , Li Xiaoya , Cheng Haofeng , Chen Shengfeng , Yang Boyao , Liu Yuli , Ren Zhiqi , Song Xiangyu , Jia Zhibo , Wang Yu , Tang Jinshu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFollowing peripheral nerve injury (PNI), Wallerian degeneration (WD) in the distal stump can generate a microenvironment favorable for nerve regeneration. Brief low‐frequency electrical stimulation (ES) is an effective treatment for PNI, but the mechanism underlying its effect on WD remains unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that ES could enhance nerve regeneration by accelerating WD. To verify this hypothesis, we used a rat model of sciatic nerve transection and provided ES at the distal stump of the injured nerve. The injured nerve was then evaluated after 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post injury (dpi). The results showed that ES significantly promoted the degeneration and clearance of axons and myelin, and the dedifferentiation of Schwann cells. It upregulated the expression of BDNF and NGF and increased the number of monocytes and macrophages. Through transcriptome sequencing, we systematically investigated the effect of ES on the molecular processes involved in WD at 4 dpi. Evaluation of nerves bridged using silicone tubing after transection showed that ES accelerated early axonal and vascular regeneration while delaying gastrocnemius atrophy. These results demonstrate that ES promotes nerve regeneration by accelerating WD and upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors.
Threats to Benefits: Assessing Knowledge Production in Nonhuman Models of Human Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Neuhaus Carolyn P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent reports and papers on chimeric research highlight the promise of chimeric models of human neuropsychiatric disorders to ameliorate human suffering due to autism spectrum disorders, depression, and schizophrenia. These calls, however, typically do not acknowledge, much less address, criticisms of model creation and validation, or concerns about scientific conduct more generally. The ethical justification for the use of nonhuman animals in research depends on the production of benefits to humans based on such research. But the assessment and production of benefits are highly uncertain and rife with both practical and conceptual challenges. This essay provides a general framework for classifying the benefits of biomedical research and then focuses on two factors that directly impact—and threaten—the production of knowledge in research that models neuropsychiatric disorders.
Cross‐legged modification for medial sural artery perforator flap harvest
Authors: Feng Allen L. , Spector Matthew E. , Chinn Steven B. , Holcomb Andrew J. , Davies Joel C. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Lin Derrick T. , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen thin and pliable free tissue is needed, the medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap provides an excellent option with minimal donor site morbidity. However, among its pitfalls include difficult patient positioning and surgeon ergonomics throughout the harvest. We describe a novel positioning technique that may significantly improve surgeon ergonomics and ease of MSAP flap harvest. A cross‐legged modification may eliminate many of the issues associated with the classic frog‐leg position. While the patient is cross‐legged, the surgeon is afforded a normal field of view that is closer to their body, while simultaneously providing support to the lateral side of the gastrocnemius muscle. This pictorial essay describes this positioning technique and subsequent harvest. By incorporating a more ergonomic cross‐legged position during flap elevation, many of thedrawbacks of the MSAP flap could be eliminated.
Bio‐secure bubble during the COVID‐19 pandemic to host the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Champions League: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Al Musleh AbdulWahab Abubaker , Asim Mohammad , Abdurahiman Sameer , El‐Menyar Ayman , Khan Naushad Ahmad , Al‐Thani Hassan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsTo describe the COVID‐19 positivity rate among football players, team staff, and local organizing committee members participated in the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Champions League (West) tournament organized with the Bio‐secure bubble protocol in place.MethodsA retrospective observational study was carried out to include a total of 2184 participants during the AFC‐West tournament in Qatar, which was a 3‐week event (September 14–October 3, 2020). This event was undertaken under the Bio‐secure bubble protocol, which was developed and implemented for sports events in Qatar during the pandemic. Within 72 h of departure and upon arrival in Qatar, all participants underwent reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing (RT‐PCR) to diagnose COVID‐19. The test was considered positive based on the cycle threshold (cT) value which was <30, whereas, reactive if cT value was ≥30 and <40, and negative (cT > 40).ResultsOf the 2184 participants (528 players, 388 team staff, and 1268 local staff), 916 international participants were tested for COVID‐19 PCR upon arrival at the Hamad International Airport, whereas the local staff (n = 1268) were tested 2 days before entering the bubble. The mean age of the players was 27.5 ± 9.8. Fifteen teams participated and as many as 60 matches were played over 3 weeks. Most participants tested negative (95.3%) and 3.9% tests were inconclusive. During the entire tournament, the positivity rate was 2.7% among all participants. Of the total positive cases, 0.8% were positive before entering the bubble system. The remaining (1.9%) tested positive during the tournament phase (19 players, 16 team officials, and 8 organizing committee staff).ConclusionBio‐secure bubble protocol operated in a controlled environment presents a minimal risk of COVID‐19 infection for hosting international football events. This framework could be benchmarked to resume professional football competitions under unprecedented pandemic situations.
Hsa_circ_0000119 promoted ovarian cancer development via enhancing the methylation of CDH13 by sponging miR‐142‐5p
Authors: Ma Guiyan , Li Yan , Meng Fandong , Sui Chengguang , Wang Yang , Cheng Dali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer‐related death in women, and is difficult to treat. The aim of our study is to explore the role and action mechanism of hsa_circ_0000119 in ovarian cancer, thus to analyze whether the circular RNA is a potential target for the treatment of the disease. In this present study, our data shows that hsa_circ_0000119 and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was increased, while miR‐142‐5p was decreased in ovarian cancer. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0000119 promoted tumor growth, while silencing of hsa_circ_0000119 resulted in an opposite effects. Decreasing of hsa_circ_0000119 also notably inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of the ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, the data proves that hsa_circ_0000119 negatively regulated miR‐142‐5p and cadherin 13 (CDH13) expression, but positively regulated DNMT1 expression. miR‐142‐5p could interact with hsa_circ_0000119 and DNMT1 3′‐UTR. Silencing of DNMT1 could reverse the inhibition of hsa_circ_0000119 to miR‐142‐5p and CDH13 expression. Importantly, higher level of CDH13 promoter methylation existed in the ovarian tumors than that in matched normal tissues. DNA methyltransferase inhibitor could increase the expression of CDH13 in ovarian cancer cells. In addition, our results also prove that increasing of CDH13 or miR‐142‐5p effectively reversed the inhibition of hsa _circ_0000119 to the cell malignant phenotypes. Overall, our data demonstrate that hsa_circ_0000119 facilitated ovarian cancer development through increasing CDH13 expression via promoting DNMT1 expression by sponging miR‐142‐5p. Our data demonstrate the potential role of hsa_circ_0000119 in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms
Authors: Alawadhi Yasmeen T. , Smith Michele R. , King Kevin M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveHow individuals differentially implement specific emotion regulation (ER) strategies is a critical indicator of the progression of depressive and anxiety disorders. Symptoms of anxiety and depression may be associated with differences in ER, but little evidence to date had examined whether anxiety and depression were associated with individual differences in the real‐time use of ER strategies.MethodsThis study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in two samples (n = 276) of undergraduate students from a single university who were assessed for 8–10 days. Baseline surveys captured participant self‐reported anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms using the PROMIS‐Anxiety scale and the PROMIS‐Depression scale, respectively. We measured ER through EMA‐adapted prompts from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), which participants received on their internet‐enabled cell phones. In pre‐registered analyses, we tested the associations between anxiety symptoms with the use of discrete ER strategies in EMA using generalized estimating equations with a log‐link function to account for nesting of EMA observations within participants, and further tested whether the findings generalized to depression (not pre‐registered).ResultsSymptoms of anxiety and depression were associated with greater odds of using both maladaptive and adaptive ER strategy use during the EMA period, and with lower odds of reporting no strategy use. Moreover, associations were generally stronger for maladaptive than adaptive ER strategies.ConclusionAnxiety and depressive symptoms are related to increased regulatory efforts overall, and results suggest that individuals with anxiety and depressive symptoms may be especially prone to use maladaptive ER strategies. Tracking ER strategies in a natural environment can further inform our understanding of how anxious and depressed individuals attempt to regulate emotions.
Autonomic instability, arrhythmia and visual impairment in a new presentation of MTFMT‐related mitochondrial disease
Authors: Howard Caoimhe , Dev‐Borman Arundhati , Stokes John , O'Rourke Declan , Gillespie Ciara , Twomey Eilish , Knerr Ina , Boruah Ritma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMitochondrial methionyl‐tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is required for the initiation of translation in mitochondria. Pathogenic variants in MTFMT have been described in association with clinical presentations with Leigh syndrome, as well with as multisystem involvement (particularly cardiac and ocular involvement). There is a spectrum of severity, but many reported presentations have been milder with a better prognosis than other pathogenic variants associated with Leigh syndrome. We describe the case of a 9‐year‐old boy homozygous for a pathogenic MTFMT variant (c.626C > T/p.Ser209Leu) who presented with hypertensive crisis on a background of hyperphagia and visual impairment. His clinical course was complicated by supraventricular tachycardia and severe autonomic instability, requiring intensive care unit admission. He also developed seizures, neurogenic bladder and bowel and had a markedly abnormal eye examination with bilateral optic atrophy. Magnetic resonance image brain showed abnormal high T2/fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery signal within the dorsal brainstem and in the right globus pallidus with some reduced diffusivity. Despite recovery from the acute neurological and cardiac manifestations, he has ongoing deficits in his gross motor skills and continues to have hyperphagia with rapid weight gain (approx. 20 kg in 2 years). Ophthalmic findings are persistent. This case expands the phenotype associated with MTFMT disease.