bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Improvement in Itself Changes Your Thinking: Lessons From Disseminating Quality Improvement Methods Through a Multisite International Collaborative Palliative Care Project in India
Authors: Satija Aanchal , Lorenz Karl A. , Spruijt Odette , Ganesh Archana , Singh Nainwant , Connell Natalie B. , Gamboa Raziel C. , Fereydooni Soraya , Chandrashekaran Shivani , Hennings Tayler , Giannitrapani Karleen F. , Bhatnagar Sushma 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE Seven major palliative care (PC) centers in India were mentored through the Palliative Care—Promoting Assessment and Improvement of the Cancer Experience (PC-PAICE) by US and Australian academic institutions to implement a quality improvement (QI) project to improve the accessibility and quality of PC at their respective centers. The objective was to evaluate the experiences of teams in implementing QI methods across diverse geographical settings in India. METHODS A quota sampling approach was used to elicit perspectives of local stakeholders at each site. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research informed development of a semistructured interview guide. Analysis leveraged deductive and inductive approaches. RESULTS We interviewed 44 participants (eight organizational leaders, 12 clinical leaders, and 24 team members) at seven sites and identified five themes. (1) Implementing QI methods enabled QI teams to think analytically to solve a complex problem and to identify resources. (2) Developing a problem statement by identifying specific gaps in patient care fostered team collaboration toward a common goal. (3) Making use of QI tools (eg, A3 process) systematically provided a new, straightforward QI toolkit and improved QI teams' conceptual understanding. (4) Enhancing stakeholder engagement allowed shared understanding of QI team members' roles and processes and shaped interventions tailored to the local context. (5) Designing less subjective processes for patient care such as assessment scales to identify patient's symptomatic needs positively changed work practices and culture. CONCLUSION Engaging and empowering multiple stakeholders to use QI methods facilitated the expansion and improvement of PC and cancer services in India. PC-PAICE demonstrated an efficient, effective way to apply QI methods in an international context. The impact of PC-PAICE is being magnified by developing a cadre of Indian QI leaders.
Evaluating the Addition of Clinical and Staging Data to Improve the Pricing Methodology of the Oncology Care Model
Authors: Dreyer Theresa R.F. , Hamilton Emily , Dahl Alyssa , Desai Bijal , Kircher Sheetal , Polite Blase , Schroeder Cynthia , Fukui Mayumi , Hayes-Lattin Brandon , Horvath Keith A. 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE: The Oncology Care Model (OCM) is the largest value-based care model focusing on oncology, but the current pricing methodology excludes relevant data on the cancer stage and current clinical status, limiting the precision of the risk adjustment. METHODS: This analysis evaluated 15,580 episodes of breast cancer, lung cancer, and multiple myeloma, starting between July 1, 2016, and January 1, 2020, with data from a cohort of OCM practices affiliated with academic medical centers. The authors merged clinical data with claims for OCM episodes defined by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to identify potential quality improvement opportunities. The regression model evaluated the association of the cancer stage at initial diagnosis and current clinical status with variance to the OCM target price. RESULTS: Cancer stage at the time of initial diagnosis was significant for breast and lung cancers, with stage IV episodes having the highest losses of –$6,700 (USD) for breast cancer ( P < .001) and –$18,470 (USD) for lung cancer ( P < .001). Current clinical status had a significant impact for all three cancers in the analysis, with losses correlated with clinical complexity. Breast cancer and multiple myeloma episodes categorized as recurrent or progressive disease had significantly higher losses than stable episodes, at –$6,755 (USD) for breast ( P < .001) and –$19,448 (USD) for multiple myeloma ( P < .001). Lung cancer episodes categorized as initial diagnosis had significantly fewer losses than stable episodes, at –$3,751 (USD) ( P = .001). CONCLUSION: As the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation designs and launches new oncology-related models, the agency should adopt methodologies that more accurately set target prices, by incorporating relevant clinical data within cancer types to minimize penalizing practices that provide guideline-concordant cancer care.
Rethinking Thomas Paine and the Origins of the Basic Income Proposal
Authors: Camporesi Alberto Tena 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In current research, there is a widespread idea that the history of the universal basic income proposal begins with Thomas Paine and his famous pamphlet Agrarian Justice, published in Paris in 1797 in the context of the French Revolution and under its intellectual influence. In this article, the author rescues a largely unknown text by Paine published without a title under the pen name “Amicus” in the Pennsylvania Magazine in 1775. The transcript demonstrates that he was already reflecting on the proposal at least twenty years earlier, shortly after he arrived in the American colonies. The debates and discussions in which Paine wants to intervene cannot be the same in Wilkes's England as in revolutionary France. Locating the proposal of a universal basic income in this context has important implications for the history of its conception. It compels us to highlight the importance of Paine's experience as an exciseman in England, as well as the context of popular radicalism and religious dissent that prevailed in the country at the start of the Industrial Revolution.
Impact of the Insoluble Gas Concentration on Measured Stroke Volume at Rest and Submaximal Exercise Using the Innocor Device
Authors: REYNOLDS ELI , CURRY KARRIE , BARTON GREGORY , CHANDRA ALVIN , CRANDALL CRAIG G. , BERRY JARETT D. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The Innocor® device uses an insoluble gas (SF6) to estimate lung volume and the rate of disappearance of a soluble gas (nitrous oxide) to measure pulmonary blood flow (PBF), which approximates cardiac output assuming no shunt. We sought to identify error in the measurement of the insoluble gas in an effort to reduce variation in Innocor® measurement.

Methods
We enrolled 28 participants from the Dallas Heart Study (mean age, 63 yr; 57% men; 43% White). Stroke volume was measured at rest and at submaximal (20 and 40 W) exercise using both echocardiography (Philips iE33) and the Innocor® device. We defined a priori peak and equilibrium SF6 measurement errors as greater or less than 20% of the mean observed value. Three Innocor measurements were obtained at rest (n = 27) for a total of 81 measurements. Of these, 22% had SF6 measurements that fell outside of the a priori range.

Results
Resting Innocor® stroke volume measures with peak SF6 measured above a priori range (>0.12%) was associated with larger stroke volumes compared with stroke volume measures without peak SF6 error (101.4 [26.8] vs 64.9 [8.7] mL; P = 0.006) and overestimated stroke volume when compared with stroke volume by echo (101.4 [26.8] vs 59.9 [16.3] mL; P = 0.017). A similar pattern was observed at submaximal exercise. In contrast, there was no consistent association between variation in equilibrium SF6 concentrations and measured stroke volume.

Conclusions
Variability in peak SF6 concentration is common while using the Innocor® device and results in overestimated stroke volume. These findings have implications for research protocols using this device.
Feasibility of an intervention for increasing moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in primary school physical education: a study protocol
Authors: WONG Lan Sum , Muirhead Fiona , Powell Emma , Woodfield Lorayne A , Stewart Cameron , Reilly John J 
Published: October 2022

Background: Most primary school Physical Education (PE) has relatively little health-enhancing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). - A promising theory and evidence-based intervention, the ‘SHARP Principles’ model, has been effective in making PE lessons more active in one area of England. This protocol paper explains the rationale for use of the SHARP intervention, and the methods used to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a version of SHARP translated for use in Scotland (SHARP Scotland). Methods: The feasibility of SHARP Scotland will be evaluated by key areas of focus for feasibility studies: Acceptability, Implementation, Integration, Limited Efficacy Testing. A combination of process measures, including observations, session delivery records, accelerometry-data collection, questionnaires, and semi-structured qualitative focus groups with teachers and pupils will be used. The feasibility and suitability of the SHARP Scotland intervention for a future Randomised Control Trial (RCT) will be assessed. The study will involve children from 8-11 years old (Primary 4 to 6) in two schools, one large urban school, and one smaller school; four classes will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (will be taught by class teachers with SHARP approach training), and four classes randomly assigned to the usual-care (standard curriculum) control group (taught by class teachers without SHARP training). Within the 8-week intervention, MVPA in the intervention group will be targeted by encouraging class teachers to deliver their PE classes in more active ways, following SHARP Principles. A maximum of 64 PE lessons delivered in a SHARP way will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Discussion: The outcome of this study will be an assessment of whether applying the SHARP intervention is feasible in Scottish schools. Identification of any modifications to the intervention or evaluation which are required will provide insight for a fully powered effectiveness trial in the future, if appropriate.
Smoking behavior intervention based on implicit approach: a cross-sectional pilot study
Authors: Hamdan Stephani Raihana , Moeliono Marisa F. , Srisayekti Wilis 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Indonesia is the country with the highest smoking rate in Southeast Asia and the third-highest globally. Smoking has become one of Indonesia's biggest addiction problems. The goal of this research is to develop smoking behavior intervention based on an implicit approach. Methods: This article contains a two-step study that was part of a comprehensive study on smoking behavior in Indonesia. The first study, applying measurement of Stroop task to 117 male-university-students with results revealed that smoking behavior was associated with attention bias. This result is the basis for developing an implicit approach-based intervention. In the second study, the research aims to develop an intervention by investigating the effects of the experimental retraining by manipulating the automatic-avoidance-action tendencies using an approach-avoidance task (AAT) on 40 male university student smokers that proved to have an attentional bias in the first study. Results: The outcomes of the studies showed that the retraining (six weeks, twice a week) proved to shape the AAT effect and reduce the cigarettes consumption of the smokers. This pilot research becomes initial step to develop smoking cessation interventions in Indonesia using an implicit cognition approach.
Effectiveness, survival and safety of guselkumab attending to basal characteristics in moderate-to-severe psoriatic patients: a cohort study
Authors: Ruiz-Villaverde Ricardo , Rodriguez-Fernandez-Freire Lourdes , Armario-Hita Jose C. , Pérez-Gil Amalia , Vasquez Chinchay Fiorella , Galán-Gutiérrez Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease which can impact quality of life. In the past decade multiple biologic treatments have been released with encouraging results. Guselkumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-23p19. Multiple randomized clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in psoriasis, but response differences among patient subpopulations have not been extensively reported. Furthermore, patients in real life are often non-eligible for clinical trials and their responses may differ from pivotal studies. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study of real clinical practice of patients receiving guselkumab treatment in Spain. Patients treated with guselkumab were included between February 2019 to December 2021. This study evaluates the potential differential effect of baseline demographic and disease characteristics on therapeutic responses to guselkumab. We measured effectiveness and survival by the psoriasis area and severity index, the dermatology life quality index as well as Kaplan meier curves, respectively. Categorical and quantitative variables are reported with frequencies, and with mean and standard deviation, respectively. Differences between groups in psoriasis area and severity index and dermatology life quality index, were calculated using a mixed-effects analysis. Survival was calculated using Kaplan meier curves and log-rank tests. Results: A total of 87 patients were included. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and survival of guselkumab attending to demographic characteristics. No differences in psoriasis area and severity index or dermatology life quality index baseline values or therapeutic responses were noted at 52 weeks of follow-up among all the subgroups analysed (age, sex, psoriasis duration, body mass index, and comorbidities). A difference in drug survival was only seen between gender groups. Conclusions: Our research has demonstrated the consistency of guselkumab effectiveness across patient subgroups. No baseline features affected the effectiveness or drug survival of guselkumab, except for lower drug survival in female patients.
The use of vinylcyclohexene diepoxide to create diminish ovarian reserve model on rats
Authors: Ekapatria Christofani , Permadi Wiryawan , Tobing Maringan Diapari Lumban , Dhamayanti Meita , Mose Johanes Cornelius 
Published: October 2022

Background: Infertility remains a significant issue in the world of health. Now Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is widely used to help couples with infertility. In ART diminish ovarian reserve patients have a very low success rate of pregnancy. To help patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR), research is conducted using an animal model. vinylcychlohexene diepoxide (VCD) has ovotoxic effects. This study looked at the use of VCD in inducing targeted DOR conditions in animals (rats), create a model that could be used for future animal studies in infertility. Methods: Adult female Rattus norvegicus were used in this study. All were given VCD injections at 80 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 15 days. An examination of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels will be carried out on days 0,3,5,7, and 15. To mimic IVF process, all rats got an injection of 10 IU of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) and 10 IU human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) to confirm DOR. Ovarectomy was performed, dominant follicles were taken, denudation was carried out, and the oocytes were cultured for 12 hours. Then, oocytes were assessed through a microscope. Results: Starting from day 5 post VCD induction, there was a significant increase in the FSH level in the group of rats that were induced with the administered VCD dose compared to the control group that experienced normal FSH fluctuations. The FSH concentration reached >50%. It was found that the number of degenerated oocytes had an average of 1.11. Oocytes that were in Germinal-Vesicle (GV) stage had an average of 1.89, while in the Metaphase I (M1) stage the average is 2.882. Lastly, the number of oocytes in the Metaphase (MII) stage which is fully matured had an average of 1.117. Conclusions: VCD can become an important tool for future studies that needs an animal model with DOR.
Carbon and nitrogen uptake through photosynthesis and feeding by photosymbiotic Acantharia
Authors: Mansour Joost Samir , Hansen Per Juel , Leroux Cédrix , Not Fabrice 
Published: October 2022

Background: Mixotrophy, combining phagotrophy and photoautotrophy in order to acquire nutrients and energy, is a widespread trophic mode in marine protist plankton. Acantharia (Radiolaria) are ubiquitous, but still uncultured oceanic protists. Many of them are mixoplanktic by endosymbiotic relations with microalgae. Here we aimed at quantitatively assessing phototrophy (inorganic nutrients) and phagotrophy (organic nutrients) of photosymbiotic Acantharia, to understand their physiology, and thereby improve integrations of mixotrophy into ecological models of oceanic ecosystems. Methods: Freshly collected Acantharia were incubated with stable isotopes of inorganic carbon and nitrogen to determine photosynthetic uptake rates. Grazing experiments (prey disappearance) were done with different algal cultures as potential food organisms to measure the contribution of prey ingestion to the acantharian metabolism. Fluorescently (and isotopically) labelled prey was used to verify prey uptake, qualitatively. Results/Conclusions: Carbon uptake rates were unaffected by the nitrogen source (i.e., nitrate or ammonium). Total carbon inorganic uptake rate was 1112±82 pgC h-1 Acantharia‑1, 22.3±1.6 pgC h-1 symbiont cell-1assuming 50 symbionts per Acantharia, at ~155-μmol photons m−2 s−1 irradiance. The Acantharia studied could use both inorganic ammonium and nitrate, but ammonium was taken up at a ~5 times higher rate. Prey ingestion of the haptophyte, Isochrysis galbana, was detected using labelled algae. Significant grazing by Acantharia could only be established on the dinoflagellate Effrenium voratum, with a grazing rate of 728 prey Acantharia‑1 hour-1 (i.e., ~56.3 ngC h-1, 46% of total holobiont carbon content) at a ratio of 1.06x104 prey predator-1. Daily photosynthetic carbon uptake rates made up ~14.5% of the total holobiont carbon content (0.9% hourly). The extent to which photosynthates are used and assimilated by the acantharian cell and/or if it is used for catabolic processes to obtain energy is still to be studied. Isotopic ratios further suggests seasonal differences in the usage of each trophic mode.
Physician Practice Style and Healthcare Costs: Evidence from Emergency Departments
Authors: Gowrisankaran Gautam , Joiner Keith , Léger Pierre Thomas 
Published: October 2022

We study healthcare operations of emergency departments (EDs) by examining the practice styles and skills of ED physicians. Our data include all residents of Montreal, Canada, with an initial ED visit in Montreal during a nine-month period. For each visit, our data record the initial treating hospital, ED physician, ED billed expenditures, and all interactions with the health system within the subsequent 90 days. Physicians in Montreal rotate across shifts between simple and difficult cases, implying a quasi-random assignment of patients to physicians within an ED. We consider three medical conditions that present frequently in the ED and for which mistreatment may have dramatic consequences—angina, appendicitis, and transient ischemic attacks—jointly examining diagnostic and disposition skills. To control for variation in diagnosis, our sample for each condition consists of patients with a broader set of symptoms and signs potentially indicative of the condition. Separately by condition, we regress healthcare usage and cost measures on indicators for physicians to estimate the skill and practice style of each physician. We then evaluate the variation across physicians in their practice style and skills and the correlations between different measures of skill and practice style. We find significant variation across physicians in their practice styles and skills. We also find that physicians with costly practice styles often have worse outcomes in terms of more ED revisits and more hospitalizations. Finally, the practice styles and skills of physicians correlate positively across the three conditions that we consider. This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management. Funding: Gowrisankaran acknowledges funding from the Center for Management Innovations in Healthcare at the University of Arizona. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4544 .
Broadband high-contrast visible optical switches based on a spin-crossover material
Authors: Calvez Stephane , Camon Henri , Ridier Karl , Molnar Gabor , Gauthier-Lafaye Olivier 
Published: October 2022

Visible optical switches embedding a spin-crossover thin film and
exploiting the frustrated total internal reflection operation
principle are studied and optimized numerically with a view to obtain
broadband high-contrast devices. A practical implementation using
uncoated SF11 prisms embedding a 1-µm-thick layer of
iron-triazolyl-borate complex as the thermo-active phase-change
material is shown to support

p

-polarized modulation with contrast in
excess of 90% over a spectral bandwidth greater than 270 nm and
over an angular acceptance bandwidth of 0.45°, surpassing the
performance achievable with optically resonant devices.
Accurate mode decomposition with the combination of the matrix analytic and the SPGD algorithm
Authors: Xu Lin , Pei Li , Wang Jianshuai , Tian Zichen , Li Zhiqi , Xu Wenxuan , Zheng Jingjing , Li Jing , Ning Tiang 
Published: October 2022

The matrix analytic algorithm (MAA) offers excellent abilities in fast mode decomposition (MD) of multimode fibers. However, with the growth of the number of superposition modes, the residual error of the MAA becomes enlarged. In this case, it is not able to realize satisfactory MD due to the trade-off between the number of modes and the decomposition accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, MD algorithm by introducing the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm to MAA. Specifically, the approximate value of the amplitude and relative phase is first obtained by MAA; then, the approximate value is used to obtain the accurate amplitude and relative phase iteratively through the SPGD method. The MAA-SPGD is helpful in avoiding accuracy degradation as the number of modes increases. With the introduction of SPGD, at the mode number of 50, the average value of the cross-correlation between the original and reconstructed image reduces from 0.25 to 0.02 for the difference from 1. Due to the appropriate initial iteration value from the MAA, the MAA-SPGD eliminates the local optimum, which reveals the stability and reliability features in MD.