bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially explicit risk assessment of marine megafauna vulnerability to Indian Ocean tuna fisheries
Authors: Roberson Leslie , Wilcox Chris , Boussarie Germain , Dugan Emma , Garilao Cristina , Gonzalez Kristofer , Green Madeline , Kark Salit , Kaschner Kristin , Klein Carissa J. , Rousseau Yannick , Vallentyne Dan , Watson James E. M. , Kiszka Jeremy J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBy‐catch is the most significant direct threat marine megafauna face at the global scale. However, the magnitude and spatial patterns of megafauna by‐catch are still poorly understood, especially in regions with very limited monitoring and expanding fisheries. The Indian Ocean is a globally important region for megafauna biodiversity and for tuna fisheries, but has limited by‐catch data. Anecdotal and scattered information indicates high by‐catch could be a major threat. Here, we adapt a Productivity Susceptibility Analysis tool designed for data‐poor contexts to present the first spatially explicit estimates of by‐catch risk of sea turtles, elasmobranchs, and cetaceans in the three major tuna fishing gears (purse seines, longlines, and drift gill nets). Our assessment highlights a potential opportunity for multi‐taxa conservation benefits by concentrating management efforts in particular coastal regions. Most coastal waters in the northern Indian Ocean, including countries that have had a minimal engagement with regional management bodies, stand out as high risk for fisheries interactions. In addition to species known to occur in tuna gears, we find high vulnerability to multiple gear types for many poorly known elasmobranchs that do not fall under any existing conservation and management measures. Our results indicate that current by‐catch mitigation measures, which focus on safe‐release practices, are unlikely to adequately reduce the substantial cumulative fishing impacts on vulnerable species. Preventative solutions that reduce interactions with non‐target species (such as closed areas or seasons, or modifications to gear and fishing tactics) are crucial for alleviating risks to megafauna from fisheries.
COMPETITION AND MULTILEVEL TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: A DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS ADOPTION IN U.S. HOSPITALS
Authors: Wang Yanfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article develops and estimates a dynamic oligopoly model to study the multilevel adoption of electronic medical records in U.S. hospitals. I find substantial competitive effects in the adoption process, and hospitals of the same adoption level compete more intensely than hospitals of different levels do. Counterfactual experiments suggest that competitive effects prompt hospitals to engage in preemptive adoption and greatly deter the second adopter in a duopoly market. By evaluating the government's subsidy policy enacted in 2009, I find that a policy strategy accounting for market and hospital heterogeneity and competitive effects would have been more effective in stimulating adoption.
Differences in H3K4me3 and chromatin accessibility contribute to altered T‐cell receptor signaling in neonatal naïve CD4 T cells
Authors: Bermick Jennifer R , Issuree Priya , denDekker Aaron , Gallagher Katherine A , Santillan Donna , Kunkel Steven , Lukacs Nicholas , Schaller Matthew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeonatal CD4+ T cells have reduced or delayed T‐cell receptor (TCR) signaling responses compared with adult cells, but the mechanisms underlying this are poorly understood. This study tested the hypothesis that human neonatal naïve CD4+ TCR signaling and activation deficits are related to differences in H3K4me3 patterning and chromatin accessibility. Following initiation of TCR signaling using anti‐CD3/anti‐CD28 beads, adult naïve CD4+ T cells demonstrated increased CD69, phospho‐CD3ε and interleukin (IL)‐2, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interferon‐γ and IL‐17A compared with neonatal cells. By contrast, following TCR‐independent activation using phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin, neonatal cells demonstrated increased expression of CD69, IL‐2 and TNF‐α and equivalent phospho‐ERK compared with adult cells. H3K4me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation‐sequencing (ChIP‐seq) and assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin with high‐throughput sequencing (ATAC‐seq) were performed on separate cohorts of naïve CD4+ T cells from term neonates and adults, and RNA‐seq data from neonatal and adult naïve CD4+ T cells were obtained from the Blueprint Consortium. Adult cells demonstrated overall increased chromatin accessibility and a higher proportion of H3K4me3 sites associated with open chromatin and active gene transcription compared with neonatal cells. Adult cells demonstrated increased mRNA expression of the TCR‐associated genes FYN, ITK, CD4, LCK and LAT, which was associated with increased H3K4me3 at the FYN and ITK gene loci and increased chromatin accessibility at the CD4, LCK and LAT loci. These findings indicate that neonatal TCR‐dependent defects in activation are epigenetically regulated and provide a potentially targetable mechanism to enhance neonatal CD4+ T‐cell responses.
Self‐reported child maltreatment and cardiometabolic risk in 30‐year‐old adults
Authors: Kisely Stephen , Siskind Dan , Scott James G. , Najman Jake M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with both dietary fat intake and obesity in later life. There is less information on associations with metabolic risk factors and specific types of CM such as physical, sexual and emotional abuse, as well as neglect.AimsTo assess the association between five types of self‐reported CM and a range of obesity and metabolic indicators in a subsample of a birth cohort.MethodsThis was a study of 1689 adults born in a major metropolitan maternity hospital in Australia and followed up 30 years later. Body mass index, bioimpedance and fasting lipid levels/insulin resistance were measured. Details on self‐reported CM were collected using the Child Trauma Questionnaire. We adjusted for birth weight, parental income and relationship at participants' birth, as well as maternal age and alcohol or tobacco use. We also adjusted for participants' smoking, depression, educational level, marital and employment status at follow up.ResultsOne‐fifth reported maltreatment (n = 362), most commonly emotional neglect (n = 175), followed by emotional abuse (n = 128), physical neglect (n = 123), sexual (n = 121) and physical abuse (n = 116). On adjusted analyses, there were significant associations for CM, particularly neglect or emotional abuse, and one or more of the following outcomes: obesity, the total cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL‐C) ratio and HDL levels. Results for other outcomes were more equivocal.ConclusionsOf child maltreatment types, emotional abuse and neglect show the strongest associations with obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors, therefore highlighting the public health importance of early intervention to reduce childhood adversity.
Managing paradoxes in bi‐modal information technology functions: A multi‐case study
Authors: Toutaoui Jonas , Benlian Alexander , Hess Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLeveraging digital technologies is a major concern for companies and has significant implications for their information technology (IT) functions. In many cases, a bi‐modal IT function is established: a ‘traditional IT’ mode focusing on the stability and exploitation of existing IT resources and an ‘agile IT’ mode focusing on exploring new technologies. Whereas previous research has predominantly taken an organisational‐level view of bi‐modal IT by treating it as a single, aggregated entity, we provide a micro‐foundations perspective on the intricate and paradoxical interrelationships between the two IT modes. Based on a multi‐case study with companies from different industries and of varying sizes, we uncover nine core tensions between traditional IT and agile IT as manifestations of five underlying paradoxes. We also identify corresponding management practices to address these tensions and paradoxes. Our study contributes to Information Systems research by disaggregating bi‐modal IT and capturing the tensions and their underlying paradoxes at the organisational and individual levels that bi‐modal IT entails. By highlighting the intricate interdependencies between the traditional and agile IT modes, we show that bi‐modal IT can be messier and more contested than previously anticipated. For practitioners, our study offers an overview of paradoxes and tensions that may arise in bi‐modal IT settings and provides suggestions on how to manage them.
Short version of the Multidimensional Scale of Dating Violence (MSDV 2.0) in Spanish‐language: Instrument development and psychometric evaluation
Authors: García‐Carpintero‐Muñoz María de los Ángeles , Tarriño‐Concejero Lorena , Gil‐García Eugenia , Pórcel‐Gálvez Ana María , Barrientos‐Trigo Sergio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsTo develop and psychometrically test the short version of the Multidimensional Scale of Dating Violence (MSDV 2.0) in Spanish‐language to detect violence perpetrated and suffered in dating relationships.DesignA psychometric instrument development and validation study.MethodsA two‐phase approach was used: Phase (1) the items of the original instrument were revised and new items related to online violence and sexual violence were incorporated. Content validation by a Delphi panel with 25 psychometric and dating violence experts were performed. Next, a face validity was performed in 32 students followed by a pilot study in another 74 participants. Phase (2) Psychometric validation, the instrument was tested in a sample of 1091 university students, analysing the psychometric properties based on construct validity and internal consistency. The study was conducted from September to November 2020 in the context of the Andalusian Public University System.ResultsIn phase (1) 42 items for each subscale (perpetration, victimization) were accepted by the Delphi panel, and acceptable values were obtained for the criteria of clarity, coherence, and relevance. In phase (2) the MSDV 2.0 showed acceptable psychometric properties. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a five‐dimensional structure with 18 items for each subscale with excellent fit rates. Reliability analysis indicated adequate internal consistency (α = .879–.802) and correlations with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (ρ = .418–.225) and the self‐perceived health item (ρ = .380–.179), providing evidence of its convergent validity. Cut‐off points were also calculated for each dimension, with their corresponding sensitivity and specificity, indicating to be a good instrument for detecting possible cases of dating violence.ConclusionThe MSDV 2.0 is the only short instrument published to date that measures the dating violence suffered and perpetrated taking into account all its dimensions. Its use would serve as support in prevention programs and design of public policies.ImpactThe short version of the MSDV 2.0 could be a comprehensive enough instrument to enable a detection and evaluation of dating violence in the educational setting.
Development and validation of a functional screening tool for adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Ben‐David Nophar , Lotan Meir , Moran Daniel Sender 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe dynamic nature of intellectual disability necessitates repeated screening.MethodThe functional screening tool (FST‐ID) for individuals with intellectual disabilities was carefully constructed.ResultsThe FST‐ID General Adaptive Composite score (GAC) runs between 0 and 68 points. Criterion validity—high‐positive correlations were found between FST‐ID and ABAS‐II (Gold standard), and between the severity of the intellectual disability and the FST‐ID (r = 0.78, p < .001). The scale holds high‐internal consistency and intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability values. The cut‐off point between mild and moderate disability is 50.4 (Sensitivity: 87%, Specificity 86%, p < .001) and 29.4 between moderate to severe‐profound (Sensitivity: 96%, Specificity 94%, p < .001).ConclusionsThe FST‐ID presents high‐psychometric properties and requires less than 5 min to complete. Using this tool may support efficient screening practices and improved supports for adults with intellectual disability.
CXCR4 and TYROBP mediate the development of atrial fibrillation via inflammation
Authors: Zhang Yan‐Fei , Meng Ling‐Bing , Hao Meng‐Lei , Li Xing‐Yu , Zou Tong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a rapid supraventricular arrhythmia. However, the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation remains controversial. We obtained transcriptome expression profiles GSE41177, GSE115574 and GSE79768 from GEO database. WGCNA was performed, DEGs were screened, PPI network was constructed using STRING database. CTD database was used to identify the reference score of hub genes associated with cardiovascular diseases. Prediction of miRNAs of hub genes was performed by TargetScan. DIANA‐miRPath v3.0 was applied to make functional annotation of miRNA. The animal model of atrial fibrillation was constructed, RT‐PCR was used to verify the expression of hub genes. Immunofluorescence assay for THBS2 and VCAN was made to identify molecular. Design of BP neural network was made to explore the prediction relationship of CXCR4 and TYROBP on AF. The merged datasets contained 104 up‐regulated and 34 down‐regulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results of DEGs showed they were mainly enriched in ‘regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol’, ‘actin cytoskeleton organization’ and ‘focal adhesion’. The hub genes were CXCR4, SNAI2, S100A4, IGFBP3, CSNK2A1, CHGB, VCAN, APOE, C1QC and TYROBP, which were up‐regulated expression in the AF compared with control tissues. There was strong correlation among the CXCR4, TYROBP and AF based on the BP neural network. Through training, best training performance is 9.6474e‐05 at epoch 14, and the relativity was 0.99998. CXCR4 and TYROBP might be involved in the development of atrial fibrillation by affecting inflammation‐related signalling pathways and may serve as targets for early diagnosis and preventive treatment.
When one cannot bypass the byproducts: Plastic packaging waste embedded in production and export
Authors: Gao Xiang , Dall'erba Sandy , Ellison Brenna , Avelino Andre F. T. , Yang Cuihong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile packaging is praised for reducing waste of perishable food products, packaging waste is a growing concern. Its least recyclable type, plastics waste, is increasingly polluting the marine environment and many developing countries are now refusing to take the waste from developed countries. Before responsibility can be established, one has to identify the key producers and consumers. This paper adjusts the packaging waste satellite account in EXIOBASE 3 by combining the official waste data published by the World Bank. Based on input–output methods, we find that the world's top suppliers of plastic packaging waste are the United States, China, and Brazil. Food and beverage products constitute the bulk of the problem. Yet, 21% of these countries’ plastic packaging waste is induced export. At the global level, it is 25.8%. About 76.0% of export‐induced plastic packaging waste corresponds to packaging of the exported goods that will ultimately be disposed of in the destination country; while the others correspond to the packaging used in their supply‐chain and wasted domestically. We conclude that international efforts need to assign shared responsibility and promote improvement in plastic packaging recyclability.
Relationship between flightlessness and brain morphology among Rallidae
Authors: Nakao Tatsuro , Yamasaki Takeshi , Ogihara Naomichi , Shimada Masaki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStudies have suggested that the brain morphology and flight ability of Aves are interrelated; however, such a relationship has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine whether flight ability, volant or flightless, affects brain morphology (size and shape) in the Rallidae, which has independently evolved to adapt secondary flightlessness multiple times within a single taxonomic group. Brain endocasts were extracted from computed tomography images of the crania, measured by 3D geometric morphometrics, and were analyzed using principal component analysis. The results of phylogenetic ANCOVA showed that flightless rails have brain sizes and shapes that are significantly larger than and different from those of volant rails, even after considering the effects of body mass and brain size respectively. Flightless rails tended to have a wider telencephalon and more inferiorly positioned foramen magnum than volant rails. Although the brain is an organ that requires a large amount of metabolic energy, reduced selective pressure for a lower body weight may have allowed flightless rails to have larger brains. The evolution of flightlessness may have changed the position of the foramen magnum downward, which would have allowed the support of the heavier cranium. The larger brain may have facilitated the acquisition of cognitively advanced behavior, such as tool‐using behavior, among rails.
Update on pharmacology, actions, dosimetry and regimens of oral glucocorticoids in dermatology
Authors: Sardana Kabir , Sachdeva Soumya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlucocorticoids are arguably the most widely used and misused drug in dermatology. There have been recent updates in its mode of action which can impact on its judicious use. There is need to use the correct steroid preparation to maximize results and minimize side effects. We present an updated review on glucocorticoids focusing on its mode of action, rationale of its prescribing considerations and dosing regimens in dermatology. This is based on PubMed search with a focus on mode of actions and dosimetry with additional updates from standard drug books, databases and rheumatology books.
Submental transcutaneous electrical stimulation can impact the timing of laryngeal vestibule closure
Authors: Barikroo Ali , McLean Mitchell T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) is one of the critical airway protection mechanisms during swallowing. LVC timing impairments during swallowing are among the common causes of airway invasion in patients with dysphagia.ObjectivesTo understand whether using submental transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) with varying pulse durations can impact the LVC reaction time (LVCrt) and LVC duration (LVCd) measures in healthy adults.MethodsTwenty‐six healthy adults underwent three TES conditions while receiving three trials of 10 ml pureed: no TES, TES with short pulse duration (300 μs) and TES with long pulse durations(700 μs). Two pairs of electrodes were placed diagonally on the submental area. For each active TES condition, the stimulation was increased up to the participant's self‐identified maximum tolerance. Each swallow trial was recorded using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. All data were extracted and analysed offline using VideoPad Video Editor program.ResultsSubmental TES reduced LVCrt during swallowing [F (2, 46) = 7.234, p < .007, ηp2 = .239] but had no significant impact on LVCd [F (2, 50) = .1.118, p < .335, ηp2 = .043]. Furthermore, pulse duration had no distinguished impact on any LVC timing measures.ConclusionTranscutaneous electrical stimulation may benefit patients with dysphagia who suffer from delayed LVC during swallowing. Future studies should seek whether the same physiologic effect can be observed in patients with dysphagia.
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Between Denture Teeth and 3D‐Printed Denture Base Resin
Authors: Cleto Marília P. , Silva Marcela D. D. , Nunes Thaís S. B. S. , Viotto Hamile E. C. , Coelho Sabrina R. G. , Pero Ana C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between two types of artificial teeth with a 3D‐printed denture base resin using different bonding agents.Materials and methodsTwo types of artificial teeth were evaluated: 3D‐printed (Cosmos TEMP) and prefabricated polymethylmethacrylate (Biotone) bonded to cylinders (2.5 mm in height and 5 mm in diameter) of 3D‐printed denture bases (Cosmos Denture designing by Meshmixer and printed by Flashforge Hunter DLP Resin 3D Printer). Two combinations between denture base and artificial teeth were eveluated: Cosmos Denture – Biotone, n = 30, and Cosmos Denture ‐ Cosmos TEMP, n = 30. For each combination, the specimens were randomly distributed according to the bonding agent: (1) autopolymerized acrylic resin‐Duralay, n = 10; (2) 3D‐printed resin Cosmos TEMP, n = 10; and (3) methylmethacrylate monomer (MMA) + 3D‐printed resin Cosmos TEMP, n = 10, totaling 60 specimens. The application of MMA was done conditioning the tooth surface for 180 seconds; the other agents were applied on the same surface. The virtual design of the 3D‐printed resin teeth was obtained by scanning the first maxillary molar of the prefabricated teeth as the same protocol of cylinders. The control group (n = 10) was a conventional heat‐polymerized denture base resin (Lucitone 550) bonded to the prefabricated resin teeth (Biotone). The shear bond tests were performed by applying a perpendicular force to the artificial tooth – denture base resin, through a chisel at 1 mm/min until failure. Two‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α = 0.05) were used for multiple comparisons.ResultsFor the Biotone tooth, the bond strength was significantly higher using MMA + Cosmos TEMP (10.04 MPa), and similar to the control (11.84 MPa, p = 0.484). For the 3D‐printed tooth (Cosmos TEMP), the bond strength using the agents Cosmos TEMP (9.57 MPa) and MMA + Cosmos TEMP (12.72 MPa) were similar to the control (11.84 MPa, p = 0.169 and p = 1, respectively), but different from each other (p = 0.016).ConclusionsFrom the results, it is recommended to use: MMA + Cosmos TEMP bonding agent for the Biotone tooth; and Cosmos TEMP or MMA + Cosmos TEMP bonding agents for the Cosmos TEMP tooth, both attached to the 3D‐printed denture resin Cosmos Denture.
Deep convolutional generative adversarial networks for the generation of numerous artificial spectrum‐compatible earthquake accelerograms using a limited number of ground motion records
Authors: Matinfar Mehrshad , Khaji Naser , Ahmadi Goodarz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeep learning (DL) methodologies have been recently employed to solve various civil and earthquake engineering problems. Nevertheless, due to the limited number of reliable data in the field of earthquake engineering, it is not convenient to obtain accurate results using DL. To tackle this challenge, the generative adversarial network (GAN) approach may be considered a reliable possible candidate. GANs have been introduced as an efficient way to train generative models. GANs exhibited their capabilities as well as versatility in the field of image production. For nonlinear dynamic analyses of structures, artificial ground accelerograms that are compatible with a target response spectrum are usually generated. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is proposed by which numerous artificial spectrum‐compatible earthquake accelerograms are generated using a few ground motion records. For this purpose, a specific well‐established generative model, namely, the deep convolutional GAN (DCGAN), is adopted for the first time and used. It is shown that DCGAN can easily generate desirable artificial ground accelerograms by having a limited number of seismic records as input to train the network. To quantitatively demonstrate the quality of the artificial ground accelerograms generated by the DCGAN, several computer experiments are presented, among which the robustness and feasibility of the proposed method are examined by using only four earthquake accelerograms as the worst scenario. Moreover, the efficiency of the DCGAN is illustrated by comparing various seismic parameters and the spectral response of the generated accelerograms with those of the actual accelerograms. The outcomes illustrate the efficiency and robustness of the presented DCGAN.