bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-value decisions are fast and accurate, inconsistent with diminishing value sensitivity
Authors: Shevlin Blair R. K. , Smith Stephanie M. , Hausfeld Jan , Krajbich Ian 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceWhat information about economic value is incorporated into decision-makers’ choices? Across the decision sciences, several prominent models ignore average value, assuming that only value differences are incorporated into the decision-making process, while others assume diminishing sensitivity to value, suggesting that it should be more difficult to choose between high-value options. Other models suggest that high-value decisions should, if anything, be treated as less important (holding value difference constant). Across three experiments with very different types of choices (food, art, and learned stimuli), we find violations of these predictions. Contrary to expectations, the presence of high-value options makes decisions easier while also inducing more effort to get them right.
BRD4-directed super-enhancer organization of transcription repression programs links to chemotherapeutic efficacy in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Beibei , Liu Xinhua , Han Lulu , Chen Xing , Wu Xiaodi , Wu Jiajing , Yan Dong , Wang Yue , Liu Shumeng , Shan Lin , Zhang Yu , Shang Yongfeng 
Published: February 2022

Significance
We found that BRD4 interacts with the LSD1/NuRD complex and colocalizes with this repressive complex on super-enhancers and that decommissioning BRD4-directed super-enhancer organization of transcription repression programs inflicts widespread drug resistance in breast cancer. The study uncovers a functional duality of BRD4 in super-enhancer organization of transcription activation and repression linking to oncogenesis and chemoresistance, respectively, supporting the pursuit of a combined targeting of BRD4 and PELI1 in effective treatment of breast cancer.
Economic barriers to green innovations in Morocco: the case of a zero-energy house
Authors: Youssef E , Zaid R , Mohamed E K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Building with a reduced ecological footprint has become a major topic in the energy and economic debate in Morocco. This article aims at analyzing the economic barriers facing the integration and diffusion of environmental innovations in the building sector in Morocco. The concept of environmental innovation is taken as a conceptual framework for our analysis. We present a case study of the integration of innovative technical solutions: it concerns the use of a bio-sourced material “hempcrete” (as a green input) and an innovative system (Curved Solar Panels) for the construction and the energy production of a zero-energy building. The results show that these innovative solutions cannot easily be adopted and generalized given the fact that their cost remains high compared to conventional solutions. In addition, at the macroeconomic level, several barriers can hamper the generalization of these solutions in Morocco.
Individualized everolimus treatment for tuberous sclerosis-related angiomyolipoma promotes treatment adherence and response
Authors: Chung Noelle K X , Metherall Peter , McCormick Janet A , Simms Roslyn J , Ong Albert C M 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Everolimus is a potential alternative to embolization and nephrectomy for managing tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated renal angiomyolipoma (AML). In 2016, National Health Service England approved its use through regional centres for renal AML ≥30 mm showing interval growth. Evidence of lesion stabilization or reduction after 6 months is mandated for continuation of long-term treatment.

Methods
From November 2016 to June 2021, all potentially eligible adult TSC patients with AML across Yorkshire and Humber were referred for assessment and monitoring. Eligible patients underwent baseline renal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment and a follow-up MRI scan after 6 months on everolimus. Dose titration was guided by trough levels and lesion responsiveness using a new 3D MRI volumetric protocol.

Results
Of 28 patients commencing treatment, 19 tolerated everolimus for &gt;3 months. Overall, 11 patients (40%) discontinued treatment, mostly due to recurrent infections (42%) and allergic reactions (25%). Sixty-eight percent required dose adjustments from the initiating dose (10 mg) due to sub-optimal trough levels (38%), minimal AML response (15%) or adverse events (47%). 3D volumetric assessment confirmed a reduction in AML volume of a pre-selected index lesion in all treatment-naïve cases (n = 14), showing superiority over 2D measurements of lesion diameter.

Conclusion
In this cohort, everolimus promoted AML regression in all patients who tolerated the drug for &gt;6 months with stabilization observed over 3 years. Trough levels enabled individual dose titration to maximize responsiveness and minimize side effects. The use of 3D MRI assessment of lesion volume was superior to 2D measurements of lesion diameter in monitoring treatment response.
Genome-wide association study reveals novel genetic loci: a new polygenic risk score for mitral valve prolapse
Authors: Roselli Carolina , Yu Mengyao , Nauffal Victor , Georges Adrien , Yang Qiong , Love Katie , Weng Lu Chen , Delling Francesca N , Maurya Svetlana R , Schrölkamp Maren , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Hagège Albert , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Debette Stéphanie , Amouyel Philippe , Guan Wyliena , Muehlschlegel Jochen D , Body Simon C , Shah Svati , Samad Zainab , Kyryachenko Sergiy , Haynes Carol , Rienstra Michiel , Le Tourneau Thierry , Probst Vincent , Roussel Ronan , Wijdh-Den Hamer Inez J , Siland Joylene E , Knowlton Kirk U , Jacques Schott Jean , Levine Robert A , Benjamin Emelia J , Vasan Ramachandran S , Horne Benjamin D , Muhlestein Joseph B , Benfari Giovanni , Enriquez-Sarano Maurice , Natale Andrea , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan , Shoemaker Moore B , Yoneda Zachary T , Wells Quinn S , Baker Michael T , Farber-Eger Eric , Michelena Hector I , Lundby Alicia , Norris Russell A , Slaugenhaupt Susan A , Dina Christian , Lubitz Steven A , Bouatia-Naji Nabila , Ellinor Patrick T , Milan David J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common valvular heart disease with a prevalence of &gt;2% in the general adult population. Despite this high incidence, there is a limited understanding of the molecular mechanism of this disease, and no medical therapy is available for this disease. We aimed to elucidate the genetic basis of MVP in order to better understand this complex disorder.

Methods and results
We performed a meta-analysis of six genome-wide association studies that included 4884 cases and 434 649 controls. We identified 14 loci associated with MVP in our primary analysis and 2 additional loci associated with a subset of the samples that additionally underwent mitral valve surgery. Integration of epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic data identified candidate MVP genes including LMCD1, SPTBN1, LTBP2, TGFB2, NMB, and ALPK3. We created a polygenic risk score (PRS) for MVP and showed an improved MVP risk prediction beyond age, sex, and clinical risk factors.

Conclusion
We identified 14 genetic loci that are associated with MVP. Multiple analyses identified candidate genes including two transforming growth factor-β signalling molecules and spectrin β. We present the first PRS for MVP that could eventually aid risk stratification of patients for MVP screening in a clinical setting. These findings advance our understanding of this common valvular heart disease and may reveal novel therapeutic targets for intervention.
Co-Inoculation with Beneficial Soil Microorganisms Promoted Growth and Quality of Tabebuia rosea Seedlings
Authors: Higuita-Aguirre María Isabel , Osorio-Vega Walter , León-Peláez Juan D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Poor seedling quality is a major limiting factor for the success of commercial afforestation and ecological restoration in the tropics. This is commonly due to poor nutrient availability of soil-based substrates used for seedling growth. Currently, the use of biofertilizers has gained attention as a biotechnological tool to overcome plant malnutrition and enhance seedling quality from the nursery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of individual and combined inoculation with selected beneficial soil microorganisms on plant growth of Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) Bertero ex A.DC. in the nursery stage. For this purpose, individual, dual, and triple inoculations were conducted with Rhizoglomus fasciculatum (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus: AMF), Mortierella sp. (mineral-solubilizing fungus: MSF), and Azospirillum brasilense (plant growth-promoting bacteria: PGPB). After six months, the inoculation with PGPB significantly promoted plant growth over the uninoculated control. Dual inoculation with AMF+MSF and AMF+PGPB had lower but significant effects over the control. The results showed that biofertilization is an effective alternative to promote plant growth and quality of this species in the nursery and thus to produce better plants for forestry and ecological restoration in tropical areas.
Insights into Moho depth beneath the northwestern Andean region from gravity data inversion
Authors: Avellaneda-Jiménez D S , Monsalve G , León S , Gómez-García A M 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYThe complex Moho topography beneath the northwestern Andes is the result of multiple geodynamic processes during the Cenozoic. To contribute to our understanding of the Moho depth distribution beneath this region, we inverted gravity data from two widely used satellite-derived data sets (EGM2008 and EIGEN-6C4) and one regional airborne Bouguer gravity anomaly map (ANH2010). Their inversion allowed choosing the ANH2010, based on lower residual gravity and a higher agreement with seismic estimations, as the most suitable data set to gain insights into the Moho depth beneath the northwestern Andes and its relationship with previously identified tectonic features. The inverted Moho argues for a 40–50 km depth beneath the Central and Eastern cordilleras, reaching depths beyond 50 km below the Eastern Cordillera, and shallower depths between 30 and 40 km mainly along the foreland region to the east, the Western Cordillera and the coastal plains. Three main thickened crust features of regional extent were identified: (1) a deep Moho expression with a crustal thickness greater than 40 km in the northwesternmost foreland region, which we consider a direct consequence of the adjacent thickened Eastern Cordillera involving the fold and thrust deformation migration from the range towards the foreland, and the flexural deformation proposed for the eastern foothills; (2) a regional deep Moho expression (50–60 km) along the axis of the Eastern Cordillera, related to its shortening history including multiple phases of Cenozoic thick-skinned deformation and magmatic underplating; and (3) a Moho deeper than 60 km in a southern latitude (1°S–1°N) beneath the modern magmatic arc, whose interpretation is more complex, likely a combined result of mafic addition to the base of the crust, foundering tectonics, and lateral displacement of the lower crust prompted by the subducting Carnegie ridge.
Differential Recruitment of the Infralimbic Cortex in Recent and Remote Retrieval and Extinction of Aversive Memory in Post-Weanling Rats
Authors: Awad Walaa , Kritman Milly , Ferreira Guillaume , Maroun Mouna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
We previously showed that the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex (IL-mPFC) plays an important role in recent and remote memory retrieval and extinction of conditioned odor aversion (COA) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC) in adult rats. Because the mPFC undergoes maturation during post-weaning, here, we aimed to explore (1) whether post-weanling rats can form recent and remote COA and CFC memory, and (2) the role of the IL-mPFC in mediating these processes.

Methods
To investigate the retrieval process, we transiently inactivated the IL-mPFC with lidocaine prior to the retrieval test at either recent or remote time points. To target the consolidation process, we applied the protein synthesis inhibitor after the retrieval at recent or remote time points.

Results
Our results show that the post-weanling animals were able to develop both recent and remote memory of both COA and CFC. IL-mPFC manipulations had no effect on retrieval or extinction of recent and remote COA memory, suggesting that the IL has no effect in COA at this developmental stage. In contrast, the IL-mPFC played a role in (1) the extinction of recent, but not remote, CFC memory, and (2) the retrieval of remote, but not recent, CFC memory. Moreover, remote, but not recent, CFC retrieval enhanced c-Fos protein expression in the IL-mPFC.

Conclusions
Altogether, these results point to a differential role of the IL-mPFC in recent and remote CFC memory retrieval and extinction and further confirm the differences in the role of IL-mPFC in these processes in post-weanling and adult animals.
On directional accuracy of some methods to forecast time series of cybersecurity aggregates
Authors: Carriegos Miguel V , Fernández Díaz Ramón Ángel , Trobajo M T , De Zaballa Diego Asterio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cybersecurity aggregates are numerical data obtained by aggregation on features along a database of cybersecurity reports. These aggregates are obtained by integration of time-stamped tables using some recent results of non-standard calculus. Time-series of aggregates are shown to contain relevant information about the concrete system dealt with. Trend time series is also forecasted using known data-driven methods. Although absolute forecasting of trend time series is not obtained, a directional forecasting of trend time series is achieved thence validated by means of a rolling cross validation scheme on a public database of Scareware reports.
Persistent fecal occult blood due to the small intestinal metastasis of pleomorphic lung carcinoma
Authors: Suzuki Takaya , Noda Masafumi , Yamamura Akihiro , Ohishi Hisashi , Notsuda Hirotsugu , Eba Shunsuke , Tanaka Ryota , Tanaka Naoki , Kamei Takashi , Unno Michiaki , Okada Yoshinori 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is one of the locations that lung cancers cause metastasis. A 70-year-old male underwent right lower lobectomy while presenting fecal occult blood with a preoperative colonoscopy showing colon polyps as the cause. The pathological diagnosis was pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung, with stage pT3N0M0. Seven months after the lung surgery, the patient presented with sudden-onset abdominal pain and severe anemia. Computed tomography scanning revealed a large mass in the abdominal cavity, and subsequent intestinal endoscopy demonstrated jejunum tumors. Partial jejunum resection was successfully performed. The patient developed multiple peritoneal nodules suggesting metastatic tumors but well responded to an immune checkpoint inhibitor. It can be challenging to diagnose gastrointestinal metastasis in routine radiography; therefore, endoscopic examination, including the small intestine, might be an important option when a lung cancer patient with advanced clinical stage presents with abdominal symptoms, including fecal occult blood.
Emerging and future strategies in the management of recalcitrant Candida auris
Authors: Bandara Nihal , Samaranayake Lakshman 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Candida auris is an emerging, multi drug resistant fungal pathogen that has caused infectious outbreaks in over 45 countries since its first isolation over a decade ago, leading to in-hospital crude mortality rates as high as 72%. The fungus is also acclimated to disinfection procedures and persists for weeks in nosocomial ecosystems. Alarmingly, the outbreaks of C. auris infections in Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients have also been reported. The pathogenicity, drug resistance and global spread of C. auris have led to an urgent exploration of novel, candidate antifungal agents for C. auris therapeutics. This narrative review codifies the emerging data on the following new/emerging antifungal compounds and strategies: antimicrobial peptides, combinational therapy, immunotherapy, metals and nano particles, natural compounds, and repurposed drugs. Encouragingly, a vast majority of these exhibit excellent anti- C. auris properties, with promising drugs now in the pipeline in various stages of development. Nevertheless, further research on the modes of action, toxicity, and the dosage of the new formulations are warranted. Studies are needed with representation from all five C. auris clades, so as to produce data of grater relevance, and broader significance and validity.

Lay Summary
Elimination of Candida auris that causes deadly infections to susceptible individuals is extremely challenging due to the lack of effective treatment options. Promising, new antifungal agents and strategies are being developed and further refinement will facilitate their clinical use in the near future.
The impact of the first galaxies on cosmic dawn and reionization
Authors: Muñoz Julian B , Qin Yuxiang , Mesinger Andrei , Murray Steven G , Greig Bradley , Mason Charlotte 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
The formation of the first galaxies during cosmic dawn and reionization (at redshifts z = 5–30), triggered the last major phase transition of our universe, as hydrogen evolved from cold and neutral to hot and ionized. The 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen will soon allow us to map these cosmic milestones and study the galaxies that drove them. To aid in interpreting these observations, we upgrade the publicly available code 21cmFAST. We introduce a new, flexible parametrization of the additive feedback from: an inhomogeneous, H2-dissociating (Lyman–Werner; LW) background; and dark matter – baryon relative velocities; which recovers results from recent, small-scale hydrodynamical simulations with both effects. We perform a large, ‘best-guess’ simulation as the 2021 installment of the Evolution of 21-cm Structure (EOS) project. This improves the previous release with a galaxy model that reproduces the observed UV luminosity functions (UVLFs), and by including a population of molecular-cooling galaxies. The resulting 21-cm global signal and power spectrum are significantly weaker, primarily due to a more rapid evolution of the star formation rate density required to match the UVLFs. Nevertheless, we forecast high signal-to-noise detections for both HERA and the SKA. We demonstrate how the stellar-to-halo mass relation of the unseen, first galaxies can be inferred from the 21-cm evolution. Finally, we show that the spatial modulation of X-ray heating due to relative velocities provides a unique acoustic signature that is detectable at z ≈ 10–15 in our fiducial model. Ours are the first public simulations with joint inhomogeneous LW and relative-velocity feedback across the entire cosmic dawn and reionization, and we make them available at this link https://scholar.harvard.edu/julianbmunoz/eos-21.
Interstellar hydrocarbons: degradation chemistry in diffuse clouds
Authors: Awad Zainab , Viti Serena 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Observations of diffuse clouds showed that they contain a number of simple hydrocarbons [e.g. CH, C2H, (l- and c-)C3H2, and C4H] in abundances that may be difficult to understand on the basis of conventional gas-phase chemical models. Recent experimental results revealed that the photodecomposition mechanisms of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (HAC) and solid hexane release a range of hydrocarbons into the gas, containing up to six C-atoms for the case of HAC decomposition. These findings motivated us to introduce a new potential input to interstellar chemistry: the ‘top-down’ or degradation scheme, as opposed to the conventional ‘build-up’ or synthesis scheme. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of the top-down approach in diffuse clouds using gas–grain chemical models. In order to examine this scheme, we derived an expression to account for the formation of hydrocarbons when HACs are photodecomposed after their injection from grain mantles. Then, we calculated the actual formation rate of these species by knowing their injected fraction (from experimental work) and the average rate of mantle carbon injection into the interstellar medium (from observations). Our preliminary results are promising and reveal that the degradation scheme can be considered as an efficient mechanism for the formation of some simple hydrocarbons in diffuse clouds. However, an actual proof of the efficiency of this process and its rate constants would require comprehensive experimental determination.
Intrinsic alignments of the extended radio continuum emission of galaxies in the EAGLE simulations
Authors: Hill Alexander D , Crain Robert A , McCarthy Ian G , Brown Shaun T 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We present measurements of the intrinsic alignments (IAs) of the star-forming gas of galaxies in the EAGLE simulations. Radio continuum imaging of this gas enables cosmic shear measurements complementary to optical surveys. We measure the orientation of star-forming gas with respect to the direction to, and orientation of, neighbouring galaxies. Star-forming gas exhibits a preferentially radial orientation–direction alignment that is a decreasing function of galaxy pair separation, but remains significant to $\gtrsim 1\, {\rm Mpc}$ at z = 0. The alignment is qualitatively similar to that exhibited by the stars, but is weaker at fixed separation. Pairs of galaxies hosted by more massive subhaloes exhibit stronger alignment at fixed separation, but the strong alignment of close pairs is dominated by ∼L⋆ galaxies and their satellites. At fixed comoving separation, the radial alignment is stronger at higher redshift. The orientation–orientation alignment is consistent with random at all separations, despite subhaloes exhibiting preferential parallel minor axis alignment. The weaker IA of star-forming gas than for stars stems from the former’s tendency to be less well aligned with the dark matter (DM) structure of galaxies than the latter, and implies that the systematic uncertainty due to IA may be less severe in radio continuum weak lensing surveys than in optical counterparts. Alignment models equating the orientation of star-forming gas discs to that of stellar discs or the DM structure of host subhaloes will therefore overestimate the impact of IAs on radio continuum cosmic shear measurements.
Primordial black holes and lepton flavor violation with scotogenic dark matter
Authors: Kitabayashi Teruyuki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We show that if the lepton flavor-violating μ → eγ process is observed in the MEG II experiment, the initial density of primordial black holes (PBHs) can be constrained with scotogenic dark matter. As a benchmark case, if PBH evaporation occurs in the radiation-dominated era, the initial density may be 2 × 10−17 ≲ β ≲ 3 × 10−16 for the $\mathcal {O}$(TeV)-scale dark sector in the scotogenic model, where β is the ratio of the PBH density ρPBH to the radiation density ρrad at the time of PBH formation. As another benchmark case, if PBHs evaporate in the PBH-dominated era, the initial density may be 1 × 10−8 ≲ β ≲ 3 × 10−7 for $\mathcal {O}$(GeV)-scale dark matter, with other $\mathcal {O}$(TeV)-scale particles in the scotogenic model.