bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Preferences for Limited Fasciectomy Versus Collagenase Treatment for Dupuytren Contracture
Authors: ZHANG Dafang , BLAZAR Philip , BENAVENT Kyra A. , EARP Brandon E. 
Published: April 2022

Background: The primary objective of this study was to assess patient preferences for collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) treatment versus limited surgical fasciectomy in a cohort that has undergone both treatments for Dupuytren contracture. Methods: We retrospectively identified 68 patients who have undergone both limited surgical fasciectomy and CCH treatment for digital flexion contractures from Dupuytren disease. Patients were contacted by telephone and asked whether they preferred surgery or CCH treatment for their Dupuytren contracture. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with preference for surgery versus CCH treatment. Results: Of the 68 patients who were treated with both CCH and surgery, 37 patients (54.4%) preferred CCH treatment over surgery, 26 (38.2%) preferred surgery over CCH treatment, and 5 (7.4%) were unable to decide. Patients expressed common themes of the perceived ease of recovery following CCH treatment versus the perceived durability of contracture correction with surgery. Preference for surgical fasciectomy over CCH treatment was associated with lower American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA) [odds ratio (OR): 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.75]. The order of treatment was also associated with the treatment preference; treatment with surgery after CCH compared to treatment with CCH after surgery was associated with a preference for surgery (OR: 6.51, 95% CI: 2.15–19.7). Conclusions: In a cohort of patients who have undergone both treatments, patients were divided in their preferences, with a slight majority preferring CCH treatment over surgery. Treatment recommendations should be individualised to each patient’s long-term goals and expectations. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
A New Test for Trigger Finger: The Lenox Independent Flexion Test
Authors: POLATSCH Daniel Barrett , ZBEDA Robert Matthew , MURRAY Daniel P. , BELDNER Steven 
Published: April 2022

Background: The diagnosis of trigger finger (TF) in patients who do not demonstrate triggering at presentation can be challenging. We have been using a new test for TF – the Lenox Independent Flexion Test (LIFT). The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of LIFT in diagnosing TF. We hypothesise that LIFT will be more sensitive compared to the classic physical exam finding of triggering or locking with active range of motion (AROM).Methods: This is a prospective study of consecutive patients with TF over a 5-month period. Patients with the onset of trigger following trauma and trigger of the thumb were excluded. Patients were examined for tenderness over the first annular (A1) pulley, triggering or locking with AROM, and the LIFT was performed. A two-proportion test was used to determine whether the LIFT was more sensitive than triggering with AROM.Results: The study included 85 patients with 118 TFs. The average age of patients was 63 years and the study included 49 women. There were 69, 49, 0 and 0 grade I, II, III and IV TF, respectively. 108 fingers (92%) had a history of catching or locking of the affected digit, 110 (93%) had tenderness over the A1 pulley, 49 (44%) had triggering or locking with AROM and 102 (91%) had a positive LIFT. The LIFT was found to be more sensitive when compared to triggering with AROM (p < .001).Conclusion: The LIFT is more sensitive than triggering with AROM in the diagnosis of trigger digits. This test is especially useful in the diagnosis of TF in patients who do not have triggering at presentation.Level of Evidence: Level III (Diagnostic)
A Proposed Classification for Sugarcane Crusher Injuries of the Hand and Its Correlation with Patient Rated Outcome Scores at 6 Months
Authors: SHARMA Alok , SANKHE Manashree 
Published: April 2022

Background: Crush injuries of the hand sustained from sugarcane juice extracting machines have a unique mechanism of injury and clinical presentation. The severity of the injury can vary from simple skin lacerations to mangling of the hand. We devised a classification for these injuries based on the severity level that has helped with the management. The aim of this study is to determine whether the classification correlates with patient rated outcome score at 6 months.Methods: We prospectively studied 30 consecutive patients with a sugarcane crusher injury of the hand. The patients were classified into Class I, II, III or IV based on our classification and managed accordingly. Patient outcomes were assessed at 6 months after the injury, using the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ). Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to analyse the correlation between the different classes of hand injury and functional outcomes at 6 months following injury (measured using MHQ).Results: The study included 6 patients (20%) with Class I injury, 11 patients (36.6%) with Class II, 9 patients (30%) with Class III and 4 patients (13.4%) with Class IV injury. The mean MHQ scores at 6-month follow-up were 72.3% in Class I, 62.1% in Class II, 52.9% in Class III and 32% in Class IV injuries. An inversely proportional association between the severity grade as per the classification and MHQ scores was noted.Conclusion: Our proposed classification of sugarcane crusher injuries of the hand correlates well with the MHQ score. The use of the classification can help with management and predicting prognosis. In addition, wider use will permit comparison of outcomes between different centres.Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Supplementation of a Multienzyme Complex, an Organic Acid-Essential Oil Complex, and Prebiotic Alone or in Combination Affects Growth, Nutrient Utilization, and Immune Function of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Cao Kailin , Wang Yuanyuan , Li Menglu , Zhang Chunyan , Lahaye Ludovic , Chowdhury M. A. Kabir , Li Xiaoqin , Leng Xiangjun 
Published: April 2022

Dietary supplementation of functional additives is an effective strategy to improve the nutritive value of low fish meal diets for fishes. The present study is aimed at investigating the dietary effects of a multienzyme complex, an organic acid-essential oil complex and prebiotic on growth, immune function, and intestinal health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A positive control diet (PC) and a negative control diet (NC) were formulated to contain 200 g/kg and 100 g/kg of fishmeal, respectively. Seven other diets were formulated by supplementing a multienzyme complex (MC, 0.125 g/kg), organic acid-essential oil complex (OEC, 0.5 g/kg), and prebiotic (P, 2 g/kg) alone or in combination to the NC diet (MC, OEC, P, MC+OEC, MC+P, OEC+P, MC+OEC+P). All diets were formulated to be isoproteic (434.3 g/kg-439.1 g/kg) and isolipidic (119.2 g/kg-125.9 g/kg) and fed to rainbow trout of

7.66
±
0.05

g

for 56 days. The weight gain, apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter, protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention efficiency were significantly increased, and feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased by the three additives alone or in combination (

P
<
0.05

) compared to the NC. No significant differences in growth performance and feed utilization were observed among the treatment groups. Compared to the NC group, serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transferase activities, and malondialdehyde content reduced significantly, while serum superoxide dismutase increased in all except for the MC group, and alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme activity increased in all except for the MC and MC+P groups (

P
<
0.05

). The foregut protease activity of the MC+P and OEC+P groups and the amylase activity of the OEC and MC+OEC groups were significantly higher than those of the NC group (

P
<
0.05

). The villus height of P, MC+OEC, and OEC+P groups, the villus width of MC group, and the muscle thickness of MC, MC+OEC, and MC+OEC+P groups were also significantly higher than those of the NC group (

P
<
0.05

). Compared to the PC group, the richness and diversity of intestinal microorganisms in the NC group and all the supplemented groups were significantly reduced (

P
<
0.05

), but no differences among them (

P
>
0.05

). In conclusion, the individual or combined supplementation of multienzyme complex, organic acid-essential oil complex, and prebiotic in a low fish meal diet (100 g/kg) improved the growth performance, nutrient utilization, and immune function of rainbow trout, but no synergistic effects were observed in the combination of the three supplements.
Anti-Inflammatory and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Chemical Constituents from Bruguiera parviflora Leaves
Authors: Bui Tung Thanh , Nguyen Khanh Phuong Thi , Nguyen Phung Phi Kim , Le Dung Tien , Nguyen Thuy Le Thi 
Published: April 2022

Bruguiera parviflora (Rhizophoraceae) is one of the Bruguiera genus-based mangrove plants which has not been investigated for the chemical compositions as well as biological activities so far. The present study was aimed at investigating the phytochemicals as well as anti-inflammatory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of B. parviflora leaves. The results showed that the crude extract and its fractions significantly increased the percentage inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and decreased NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The most effective fraction BP5 was further chromatographed and purified. As a result, eight compounds were isolated and elucidated, including five flavonoids (1–5) and three triterpenoids (6–8). All isolated compounds were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. The results indicated that flavonoids namely taxifolin (1), quercetin (2), myricetin (3), rutin (4), and kaempferol (5) exhibited potent anti-inflammatory as well as α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Among them, compound 2 showed the most potent inhibitory effect against an α-glucosidase activity with an

I

C

50

value of

3.4
±
0.5

μ
g
/
mL

and the LPS-induced NO production of 11.8 μM at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. These findings suggest that flavonoids (1–5) from B. parviflora leaves may be useful as the potential α-glucosidase inhibitor as well as anti-inflammatory agent.
New Fractional Derivative Expression of the Shifted Third-Kind Chebyshev Polynomials: Application to a Type of Nonlinear Fractional Pantograph Differential Equations
Authors: Youssri Y. H. , Abd-Elhameed W. M. , Ahmed H. M. 
Published: April 2022

The main goal of this paper is to develop a new formula of the fractional derivatives of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the third kind. This new formula expresses approximately the fractional derivatives of these polynomials in the Caputo sense in terms of their original ones. The linking coefficients are given in terms of a certain

4

F

3

1

terminating hypergeometric function. The integer derivatives of the shifted third-kind Chebyshev polynomials can be calculated using this formula after performing some reductions. To solve a nonlinear fractional pantograph differential equation with quadratic nonlinearity, the fractional derivative formula is used in conjunction with the tau technique. The role of the tau method is to convert the pantograph differential equation with its governing initial/boundary conditions into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations that can be treated with the aid of Newton’s iterative scheme. To test the method’s convergence, certain estimations are included. The proposed numerical method is demonstrated by numerical results to ensure its applicability and efficiency.
Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block Combined with Lidocaine at Different Concentrations for Preemptive Analgesia on Postoperative Pain Relief and Adverse Reactions of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Wang Zhen , Yu Jiao , Niu Tongxiang , Dong Zhijiang , Yin Zhijun 
Published: April 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) combined with lidocaine at different concentrations for preemptive analgesia on postoperative pain relief and adverse reactions of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods. Ninety patients undergoing LC in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the subjects and were randomly divided into group A (30 cases), group B (30 cases), and group C (30 cases), all patients received SGB, and 10 mL of lidocaine at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% was, respectively, administered to patients in groups A, B, and C, so as to compare the analgesic effect, adverse reactions, and clinical indicators among the three groups. Results. At

T

1

and

T

2

, group C obtained obviously lower NRS scores than groups A and B (

P
<
0.001

); compared with groups A and B, group A had obviously higher onset time (

P
<
0.001

) and significantly lower duration (

P
<
0.001

); no obvious differences in the hemodynamic indexes among the groups were observed (

P
>
0.05

); group C obtained obviously higher BCS score than groups A and B; and the total incidence rate of adverse reactions was obviously higher in group C than in groups A and B (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Performing SGB combined with 0.5% lidocaine to patients undergoing LC achieves the optimal analgesic effect; such anesthesia plan can effectively stabilize patients’ hemodynamics, present higher safety, and promote the regulation of the body internal environment. Further research will be conducive to establishing a better anesthesia plan for such patients.
Myeloid Cell PKM2 Deletion Enhances Efferocytosis and Reduces Atherosclerosis
Authors: Doddapattar Prakash , Dev Rishabh , Ghatge Madankumar , Patel Rakesh B. , Jain Manish , Dhanesha Nirav , Lentz Steven R. , Chauhan Anil K. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The glycolytic enzyme PKM2 (pyruvate kinase muscle 2) is upregulated in monocytes/macrophages of patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. However, the role of cell type-specific PKM2 in the setting of atherosclerosis remains to be defined. We determined whether myeloid cell-specific PKM2 regulates efferocytosis and atherosclerosis.

Methods:

We generated myeloid cell-specific PKM2
−/−
mice on Ldlr (low-density lipoprotein receptor)-deficient background (PKM2
mye-KO
Ldlr
−/−
). Controls were littermate PKM2
WT
Ldlr
−/−
mice. Susceptibility to atherosclerosis was evaluated in whole aortae and cross sections of the aortic sinus in male and female mice fed a high-fat Western diet for 14 weeks, starting at 8 weeks.

Results:

PKM2 was upregulated in macrophages of Ldlr
−/−
mice fed a high-fat Western diet compared with chow diet. Myeloid cell-specific deletion of PKM2 led to a significant reduction in lesions in the whole aorta and aortic sinus despite high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, we found decreased macrophage content in the lesions of myeloid cell-specific PKM2
−/−
mice associated with decreased MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) levels in plasma, reduced transmigration of macrophages in response to MCP-1, and impaired glycolytic rate. Macrophages isolated from myeloid-specific PKM2
−/−
mice fed the Western diet exhibited reduced expression of proinflammatory genes, including MCP-1, IL (interleukin)-1β, and IL-12. Myeloid cell-specific PKM2
−/−
mice exhibited reduced apoptosis concomitant with enhanced macrophage efferocytosis and upregulation of LRP (LDLR-related protein)-1 in macrophages in vitro and atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. Silencing LRP-1 in PKM2-deficient macrophages restored inflammatory gene expression and reduced efferocytosis. As a therapeutic intervention, inhibiting PKM2 nuclear translocation using a small molecule reduced glycolytic rate, enhanced efferocytosis, and reduced atherosclerosis in Ldlr
−/−
mice.

Conclusions:
Genetic deletion of PKM2 in myeloid cells or limiting its nuclear translocation reduces atherosclerosis by suppressing inflammation and enhancing efferocytosis.
Computational Analysis of Routine Biopsies Improves Diagnosis and Prediction of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Authors: Peyster Eliot G. , Janowczyk Andrew , Swamidoss Abigail , Kethireddy Samhith , Feldman Michael D. , Margulies Kenneth B. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for heart transplant recipients. Although clinical risk factors for CAV have been established, no personalized prognostic test exists to confidently identify patients at high versus low risk of developing aggressive CAV. This investigation aimed to leverage computational methods for analyzing digital pathology images from routine endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) to develop a precision medicine tool for predicting CAV years before overt clinical presentation.

Methods:
Clinical data from 1 year after transplant were collected on 302 transplant recipients from the University of Pennsylvania, including 53 patients with early-onset CAV and 249 no early-onset CAV controls. These data were used to generate a clinical model (Clinical Risk Factor Future Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Prediction Model [ClinCAV-Pr]) for predicting future CAV development. From this cohort, 183 archived EMBs were collected for CD31 and modified trichrome staining and then digitally scanned. These included 1-year posttransplant EMBs from 50 patients with early-onset CAV and 82 patients with no early-onset CAV, as well as 51 EMBs from disease control patients obtained at the time of definitive coronary angiography confirming CAV. Using biologically inspired, handcrafted features extracted from digitized EMBs, quantitative histological models for differentiating no early-onset CAV from disease controls (Histological Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Diagnostic Model [HistoCAV-Dx]) and for predicting future CAV from 1-year posttransplant EMBs were developed (Histological Future Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Prediction Model [HistoCAV-Pr]). The performance of histological and clinical models for predicting future CAV (ie, HistoCAV-Pr and ClinCAV-Pr, respectively) were compared in a held-out validation set before being combined to assess the added predictive value of an integrated predictive model (Integrated Histological/Clinical Risk Factor Future Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Prediction Model [iCAV-Pr]).

Results:
ClinCAV-Pr achieved modest performance on the independent test set, with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.70. The HistoCAV-Dx model for diagnosing CAV achieved excellent discrimination, with an AUROC of 0.91, whereas the HistoCAV-Pr model for predicting CAV achieved good performance with an AUROC of 0.80. The integrated iCAV-Pr model achieved excellent predictive performance, with an AUROC of 0.93 on the held-out test set.

Conclusions:
Prediction of future CAV development is greatly improved by incorporation of computationally extracted histological features. These results suggest morphological details contained within regularly obtained biopsy tissue have the potential to enhance precision and personalization of treatment plans for patients after heart transplant.
A Polynesian, a Jew, and a Hindu Walk into Jerusalem: On Mendelssohn’s Religious Universalism
Authors: Fogel Jeremy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In his Jerusalem, Moses Mendelssohn describes a Polynesian visitor to Dessau before traveling to India by way of ancient Jerusalem. In two pages, Mendelssohn has crossed the world, doing so to argue that in spite of their cultural differences, most human beings ultimately share basic salvific religious truths. This paper explores the religious universalism reflected in this striking passage, analyzes Mendelssohn’s cultural sensitivity and pluralism, and offers a characterization of the particularities of Mendelssohn’s Jewish universalism as well as concluding thoughts on the varieties of universalism more generally.
The Servant-Queen
Authors: Pass Bruce 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article outlines Bavinck’s conceptualization of theology as the servant-queen of the sciences. The potential contribution Bavinck makes to the contemporary debate over the place of theology in the university is considered, paying attention to the historical context in which it was framed, recent objections to any revival of the claim that theology is the queen of the sciences, and a notable lacuna in Bavinck’s reflections on this subject.
“To Tend Directly Toward God”
Authors: Reed Ryan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this article is to consider John Calvin’s thinking on humanity’s telos. In it, I argue that Calvin embraces the structure of eudaimonistic anthropology that human life is ordered to an all-encompassing telos, though he significantly modifies the content of this framework in line with his Christian commitments, holding that humanity needs grace to reach its final end and that the final end is bound up with eternal life and God. To show this aspect of his thought, I consider three elements of his anthropology. First, I note how Calvin thinks of human nature as incomplete and having innate potentialities to be realized. Second, I observe the role that rationality plays in achieving this telos both before and after the Fall. Finally, I conclude by discussing Calvin’s specific understanding of the nature of humanity’s telos.
On the Non-enforceability of the Penal Sanctions in the Mosaic Law
Authors: Flowers Michael V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although the “theonomy” debate has largely subsided, it continues to be espoused by a vocal minority because it was never properly addressed. The key issue is not whether the judicial laws are still binding. These laws are grounded in God’s moral character; hence, they are still binding. But since they were enforced by magistrates who worked in conjunction with Levitical priests in the context of a now-defunct priesthood, today’s magistrates would lack the divine guidance and authority to enforce the judicial laws as was once prescribed. A conceptual distinction should therefore be drawn between moral/judicial laws and their legal enforcement in society.