bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of selenium polysaccharide from sweet corncob and its effects on non-enzymatic glycosylation in vivo
Authors: Wang Zhili , Wang Xin , Xiu Weiye , Ma Yongqiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelenium polysaccharide is an organic selenium compound, which has attracted much attention because of its unique biological properties. In the current study, a new selenium polysaccharide (Se-SCP) was synthesised, and its structure and effects on non-enzymatic glycosylation in vivo were studied. The molecular weight of Se-SCP was 9.02 g/mol, and its molecule was mainly composed of Man, Gal, GluA, Ara, Glu, Fuc, Rha, GalA, and Xyl. Selenium was present both as C–O–Se and Se=O. Compared with non-selenised sweet corncob polysaccharide (SCP) treatment, the blood glucose level in mice decreased considerably after Se-SCP treatment. Additionally, it improved oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and significantly reduced the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) (P < 0.05), compared with the model group. In addition, Se-SCP exhibited a positive effect on the morphology of the pancreas and liver. The current study elucidated the physiological and pharmacological effects of selenium polysaccharides and provided a basis for future studies on selenium polysaccharides.
Long-term case-fatality rate of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in people living with HIV
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Gu Ling , Shao Yueming , Zhang Renfang , Qi Tangkai , Sun Jianjun , Wang Zhenyan , Song Wei , Tang Yang , Wang Jiangrong , Xu Shuibao , Yang Junyang , Shen Yinzhong , Liu Li , Chen Jun , Lu Hongzhou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Few data are available regarding the long-term case-fatality rate (CFR) among people living with HIV (PLWH) with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term CFR in patients with NTM disease and to identify risk factors for their death.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 379 cases of microbiologically confirmed NTM disease in PLWH was conducted from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, in Shanghai, China. We used Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test to compare the long-term CFR in patients with disseminated NTM (DNTM) and localized NTM disease. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and a stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to estimate the predictors of long-term CFR.

Results
The cohort was followed up for a median of 26 months. The total CFR was 15.7% by one year and increased to 22.6% at 5 years after the diagnosis of NTM disease. The 5-year CFR of PLWH with DNTM was significantly higher than that of PLWH with localized NTM (26.7% vs 19.6% for DNTM and localized NTM disease, respectively). Older age [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.06, P < 0.001], comorbidity (HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21–3.49, P < 0.01), DNTM (HR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.17–3.68, P < 0.05), and HIV viral load (HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.55, P < 0.001) were all independent risk factors for long-term CFR. In the subgroup analysis, time to culture positivity was negatively correlated with CFR in patients with DNTM (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.98, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
NTM was associated with a high long-term CFR in PLWH. Further approaches to prevent NTM disease in PLWH are urgently needed.

Graphical Abstract
Haploidentical CD7 CAR T-cells induced remission in a patient with TP53 mutated relapsed and refractory early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Dai Hai-ping , Cui Wei , Cui Qing-ya , Zhu Wen-juan , Meng Hui-min , Zhu Min-qing , Zhu Xia-ming , Yang Lin , Wu De-pei , Tang Xiao-wen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with relapsed/refractory early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) respond poorly to traditional therapy and have dismal prognosis. CD7 is a promising therapeutic targets for chimeric antigen receptor modified T cell therapy (CART) due to its widely expression in almost all T-cell malignancies. Here we present the anti-CD7 CART therapy in a 11-year-old male with TP53 mutated relapsed/refractory ETP-ALL/LBL. The patient suffered second relapse after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, showing resistance to 4 lines salvage therapies including venetoclax. Nanobody derived CD7-CART cells were manufactured by co-transducing CAR-T cells with a CD7 protein expression blocker. 70.5% of blasts (CD7 expression: 92.6%) and extensive extramedullary disease (mediastinal mass, enlarged lymph nodes and spleen) were observed prior to CD7-CART-cell therapy. A total of 5 × 106/kg donor-derived CD7-CART-cells were infused. Hematological and extramedullary remission were both achieved, with persistence of CD7-CART-cells be detected until the last followup at 96th days after the infusion. Reversible adverse effects including grade 3 cytokine release syndrome and macrophage activation syndrome were observed. This case demonstrated that CD7-CART was a potent and safe salvage therapy in relapsed/refractory ETP-ALL/LBL patient with high tumor burden.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT04785833, Registered on March 8, 2021, prospectively registered.
A quantitative evaluation based on an analytic hierarchy process for the deterioration degree of the Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha grotto from the Tang Dynasty in Sichuan, China
Authors: Yao Xue , Zhao Fan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha grotto is of great value in researching the spread of Buddhism in China. To explore a scientific deterioration degree evaluation method, the authors selected 11 grottos from the middle Tang Dynasty in the Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha grotto as survey objects; a traditional deterioration investigation was undertaken, and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP method) was applied to build a system to calculate the weight of 15 deterioration criteria and evaluate the deterioration degree of the grotto. The results showed that 15 deteriorations can be classified into two categories: stability deterioration and weathering deterioration. Each deterioration has its own weight on affecting the preservation condition of the grotto. In contrast to realistic conditions, the calculation results can quantitatively reflect the preservation condition of the grotto. The results offer a quantitative basis for determining the priority of grotto conservation and verifying the feasibility of the AHP method in helping conservators identify major deteriorations or judge conservation orders. This research proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the deterioration degree of the grotto, which can lay the foundation for further conservation of the grotto.

Graphical Abstract
Free-breathing 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) sequence for detecting pulmonary nodules in 18F-FDG PET/MRI
Authors: Bruckmann Nils Martin , Kirchner Julian , Morawitz Janna , Umutlu Lale , Fendler Wolfgang P. , Herrmann Ken , Bittner Ann-Kathrin , Hoffmann Oliver , Fehm Tanja , Lindemann Maike E. , Buchbender Christian , Antoch Gerald , Sawicki Lino M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The free-breathing T1-weighted 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) MR sequence potentially reduces artifacts in chest MRI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate StarVIBE for the detection of pulmonary nodules in 18F-FDG PET/MRI.

Material and methods
In this retrospective analysis, conducted on a prospective clinical trial cohort, 88 consecutive women with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent both contrast-enhanced whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI and computed tomography (CT). Patients’ chests were examined on CT as well as on StarVIBE and conventional T1-weighted VIBE and T2-weighted HASTE MR sequences, with CT serving as the reference standard. Presence, size, and location of all detectable lung nodules were assessed. Wilcoxon test was applied to compare nodule features and Pearson’s, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results
Out of 65 lung nodules detected in 36 patients with CT (3.7 ± 1.4 mm), StarVIBE was able to detect 31 (47.7%), VIBE 26 (40%) and HASTE 11 (16.8%), respectively. Overall, CT showed a significantly higher detectability than all MRI sequences combined (65 vs. 36, difference 44.6%, p < 0.001). The VIBE showed a significantly better detection rate than the HASTE (23.1%, p = 0.001). Detection rates between StarVIBE and VIBE did not significantly differ (7.7%, p = 0.27), but the StarVIBE showed a significant advantage detecting centrally located pulmonary nodules (66.7% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.031). There was a strong correlation in nodule size between CT and MRI sequences (HASTE: ρ = 0.80, p = 0.003; VIBE: ρ = 0.77, p < 0.001; StarVIBE: ρ = 0.78, p < 0.001). Mean image quality was rated as good to excellent for CT and MRI sequences.

Conclusion
The overall lung nodule detection rate of StarVIBE was slightly, but not significantly, higher than conventional T1w VIBE and significantly higher than T2w HASTE. Detectability of centrally located nodules is better with StarVIBE than with VIBE. Nevertheless, all MRI analyses demonstrated considerably lower detection rates for small lung nodules, when compared to CT.
Digital vs. conventional workflow for one-abutment one-time immediate restoration in the esthetic zone: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hanozin Brieuc , Li Manni Lou , Lecloux Geoffrey , Bacevic Miljana , Lambert France 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To compare short-term outcomes after immediate restoration of a single implant in the esthetic zone with one-abutment one-time technique comparing a conventional (control) vs. a fully digital workflow (test).

Materials and methods
Eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to the two groups, and a digital implant planning was performed for all. In the test group, a custom-made zirconia abutment and a CAD–CAM provisional crown were prepared prior to surgery; implants were placed using a s-CAIS guide allowing immediate restoration after surgery. In the control group, the implant was placed free-handed using a conventional surgical guide, and a custom-made zirconia abutment to support a stratified provisional crown was placed 10 days thereafter, based on a conventional impression. Implant accuracy (relative to the planning), the provisional restoration outcomes, as well as PROMs were assessed.

Results
The implant positioning showed higher accuracy with the s-CAIS surgical guide compared to free-handed surgery (angular deviation (AD): 2.41 ± 1.27° vs. 6.26 ± 3.98°, p < 0.014; entry point deviation (CGD): 0.65 ± 0.37 mm vs. 1.27 ± 0.83 mm, p < 0.059; apical deviation (GAD): 1.36 ± 0.53 mm vs. 2.42 ± 1.02 mm, p < 0.014). The occlusion and interproximal contacts showed similar results for the two workflows (p = 0.7 and p = 0.69, respectively). The PROMs results were similar in both groups except for impression taking with intra-oral scanning preferred over conventional impressions (p = 0.014).

Conclusions
Both workflows allowed implant placement and immediate/early restoration and displayed similar clinical and esthetic outcomes. The fully digital workflow was associated with a more accurate implant position relative to planning.

Clinical relevance
Our results show that both conventional and digital workflow are predictive and provide similar clinical outcomes, with extra precision provided by digitalisation.
Distribution of soil viruses across China and their potential role in phosphorous metabolism
Authors: Han Li-Li , Yu Dan-Ting , Bi Li , Du Shuai , Silveira Cynthia , Cobián Güemes Ana Georgina , Zhang Li-Mei , He Ji-Zheng , Rohwer Forest 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on the planet and drive biogeochemical cycling on a global scale. Our understanding of biogeography of soil viruses and their ecological functions lags significantly behind that of Bacteria and Fungi. Here, a viromic approach was used to investigate the distribution and ecological functions of viruses from 19 soils across China.

Results
Soil viral community were clustered more significantly by geographical location than type of soil (agricultural and natural). Three clusters of viral communities were identified from North, Southeast and Southwest regions; these clusters differentiated using taxonomic composition and were mainly driven by geographic location and climate factors. A total of 972 viral populations (vOTUs) were detected spanning 23 viral families from the 19 viromes. Phylogenetic analyses of the phoH gene showed a remarkable diversity and the distribution of viral phoH genes was more dependent on the environment. Notably, five proteins involved in phosphorus (P) metabolism-related nucleotide synthesis functions, including dUTPase, MazG, PhoH, Thymidylate synthase complementing protein (Thy1), and Ribonucleoside reductase (RNR), were mainly identified in agricultural soils.

Conclusions
The present work revealed that soil viral communities were distributed across China according to geographical location and climate factors. In addition, P metabolism genes encoded by these viruses probably drive the synthesis of nucleotides for their own genomes inside bacterial hosts, thereby affecting P cycling in the soil ecosystems.
‘Playlist for Life’ at the end of life: a mixed-methods feasibility study of a personalised music listening intervention in the hospice setting
Authors: Johnston Bridget , Bowman Fiona , Carduff Emma , Donmez Fulya , Lowndes Andy , McKeown Alistair 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Playlist for Life is a brief, inexpensive music listening intervention which originated in dementia care, but is increasingly being used for people at the end of life. However, there is a lack of robust empirical research on its application in the hospice setting. Our patient and public involvement group originated the idea for this study. The aim of this feasibility study was to inform the design of a larger effectiveness study on the use of Playlist for Life in the hospice setting.

Method
This study was a mixed-methods feasibility study involving adults at the end of life, family members and hospice staff from one in-patient hospice in Scotland. Eligible patient/family member dyads were approached by hospice staff and if interested, recruited by the researcher. All included participants received the intervention, which involved the provision of an MP3 player and assistance to set up a playlist. Participants were asked to listen to the playlist daily during the intervention period (7 days). Data were collected through patient reported outcome measures and on days 1, 3 and 7 of the intervention period and through participant observation session. Patient/family member dyads and hospice staff also took part in qualitative interviews (Appendix 1) post-intervention, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Semi-structured interviews at the end of the intervention period were used to evaluate feasibility and acceptability. An advisory group including patients, family members and staff gave helpful feedback on the qualitative interview questions. Interview questions were the same for all participants and all the questions were asked to all participants.

Results
N = 15 participants were recruited (n = 5 patients, n = 5 family, n = 5 staff. The intervention was appraised positively, particularly regarding its beneficial effect on patient/family relationships. The study design was deemed feasible and acceptable.

Conclusion
The findings of this study will inform the development of a future randomised cluster trial designed to assess the usability and effectiveness of the Playlist for Life personalised music intervention.

Trial registration

This study was not registered as this was a small feasibility study, conducted prior to a pilot study not testing for effectiveness. In addition, the study was non-randomised. The study is registered with NHS ethics and the hospice research and governance team
Early-stage studies to larger-scale trials: investigators’ perspectives on scaling-up childhood obesity interventions
Authors: von Klinggraeff L. , Dugger R. , Okely A. D. , Lubans D. , Jago R. , Burkart S. , Weaver R. G. , Armstrong B. , Pfledderer C. D. , Beets M. W. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Pilot/feasibility studies play an important role in the development and refinement of behavioral interventions by providing information about feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy. Despite their importance and wide-spread use, the approaches taken by behavioral scientists to scale-up early-stage studies to larger-scale trials has received little attention. The aim of our study was to understand the role that pilot studies play in the development and execution of larger-scale trials.

Methods
We conducted interviews with childhood obesity researchers who had published pilot behavioral interventions and larger-scale trials of the same or similar interventions. Questions were asked about the role of pilot studies in developing larger-scale trials and the challenges encountered when scaling-up an intervention based upon pilot findings. Data were coded and analyzed using an inductive analytic approach to identify themes.

Results
Twenty-four interventionists (54% women, 37–70 years old, mean 20 years since terminal degree) completed a total of 148 pilot studies across their careers (mean 6.4, range 1–20), of which 59% were scaled-up. Scaling was described as resource intensive and pilot work was considered essential to successfully competing for funding by 63% of the sample (n = 15). When asked to define a high-quality pilot study, interventionists described studies that allowed them to evaluate two independent factors: components of their intervention (e.g., acceptability, feasibility) and study parameters (e.g., sample size, measures). Interventionists expressed that more process implementation measures, different study designs, and additional iterations could improve decisions to scale-up. Most agreed that pilot studies were likely to produce inflated estimates of potential efficacy though only nine interventionists provided potential solutions for decreasing inflated measures of efficacy. Suggested major causes of inflated effects included high levels of oversight in pilot studies (e.g., researcher support), reliance on subjective measures, and utilizing convenience or highly motivated samples. Potential solutions included designing pilots for real-world implementation, only conducting randomized controlled pilot studies, and pre-registering pilot studies.

Conclusions
Pilot studies purposes are multifaceted and deemed essential to obtaining funding for larger-scale trials. Clarifying the form and function of preliminary, early-stage research may enhance the productive utilization of early-stage studies and reduced drops in efficacy when transitioning to larger scale studies.
Complex suicides: 21 cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Hösükler Erdem , Hösükler Bilgin , Çoban İsmail , Koç Sermet 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of more than one potentially lethal method together and sequentially to complete suicide is called “complex suicide.” Complex suicides are divided into two groups: planned and unplanned. This study aimed to discuss with literature 21 complex suicide cases identified after a 2-year retrospective study.

Results
This study included 21 complex suicide cases. Eleven were classified as planned complex suicides, and 10 were labeled as unplanned complex suicides. The average age of all cases was 42.5 ± 17.7 (min: 19, max: 76) years. Suicide notes were present in six (28.5%) cases. Fifteen victims (71.4%) suffered from psychiatric diseases. Twelve victims ingested a toxic dose of medication, nine cases jumped from a height, eight cases used stabbing, six cases used hanging, two cases ingested a corrosive substance, two cases drowned, two cases inhaled a toxic gas, one case ingested cyanide, one case ingested insecticide, and one case used suffocation with a plastic bag. In two cases, three methods of suicide were used together. In the current study, “corrosive substance intake + cyanide intoxication” and “corrosive substance intake + jumping from a height” were defined for the first time and have not been previously described in the literature.

Conclusions
Complex suicides are highly likely to be potentially mistaken for murder. The cause of death in these cases can be determined with a comprehensive autopsy along with a detailed examination of the scene, statements of relatives, and eyewitnesses.
Carriage of plasmid-mediated qnr determinants and quinolone efflux pump (qepA) by ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria recovered from Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) samples
Authors: Adekanmbi Abimbola Olumide , Usidamen Sandra , Akinlabi Olabisi Comfort , Olaposi Adedolapo Victoria , Onilude Anthony Abiodun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBacterial resistance to commonly-used antibiotics has been on the increase especially in the clinical settings. This study focused on the detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria recovered from Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) samples.ResultsAlready characterized isolates from urine samples of UTI-diagnosed in- and out- patients were obtained from the culture pool of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of seventy-three ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were used in this study. Of the 73 UTI isolates, 43 carried at least one of the four PMQR genes targeted and they belonged to eight bacterial genera namely:Escherichia(25),Klebsiella(10),Pseudomonas(2),Proteus(2) and one isolate each belonging toEnterobacter,Acinetobacter,CitrobacterandSalmonella genera.qnrAwas detected in 10.9% (8/73) of the isolates while the occurrence ofqnrBandqnrSwas 32.9% (24/73) and 20.5% (15/73), respectively. The quinolone efflux pump (qepA) was detected in 9/73 (12.3%) of the isolates. Thirty of the isolates carried only one PMQR gene, while thirteen carried two PMQR genes. There was no carriage of more than two PMQR genes in the forty-three isolates from which PMQR genes were detected.ConclusionThis study reports the carriage of PMQR determinants by eight of the nine Gram-negative bacterial genera from urinary sources in patients attending the University College Hospital, Ibadan over the four-month period of study. This is quite worrisome as it suggests a high contribution of UTI cases to the burden of quinolone resistance. There is a need for more studies of this nature in other hospitals in Nigeria, to develop a database on the contribution of UTI cases to quinolone resistance.