bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penta-graphene and phagraphene: thermal expansion, linear compressibility, and Poisson’s ratio
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Ying , Miura Hideo , Suzuki Ken , Wang Cong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nonplanar penta-graphene and planar phagraphene, which are connected by carbon pentagons and penta–hexa–hepta carbon rings, respectively, are two allotropes of graphene. Graphene as a star material in two-dimensional materials has been widely studied. However, the studies around penta-graphene and phagraphene are still insufficient. We are interested in both materials’ response to temperature, hydrostatic pressure, and stress. In this work, the thermal expansion, linear compressibility, and Poisson’s ratio of penta-graphene and phagraphene have been investigated systematically. It is found that both materials can exhibit abnormal negative thermal expansion behavior, while their linear compressibility behavior is normal. The negative Poisson’s ratio behavior only occurs in penta-graphene, which is consistent with other work. Through an analysis of the lattice vibrations and associated mode Grüneisen parameters, it is found that there are anomalies in the phonon spectra of both penta-graphene and phagraphene. It is noted that acoustic phonons contribute most to their respective anomalies, especially the transverse acoustic mode. The librational motion of the lowest-frequency optical phonon of both materials is identified and also associated with their novel properties. In general, the unique topological arrangement of carbon atoms can play a decisive role in determining the performances of penta-graphene and phagraphene.
Tunneling resistance model for piezoresistive carbon nanotube polymer composites
Authors: Klimm Wolfgang , Kwok Kawai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composites exhibit outstanding electrical conductivity that enables a myriad of sensing and actuation applications. Highly sensitive strain sensors can be realized through piezoresistivity in which a resistance change is induced by mechanical strains. Tunneling conduction between CNTs in close proximity is a major mechanism contributing to the overall piezoresistivity of the CNT network, and is sensitive to the separation distance, lattice registry and the orbital overlap of the interacting CNTs. In this paper, we propose a tunneling resistance model that relate these effects to the CNT chirality, geometry, and orientation. We construct the model based on the distance-dependent Landauer equation, and introduce two additional geometric variables, namely the lattice alignment angle and the axis alignment angle. The tunneling resistance model is incorporated into a CNT network representative volume element to determine the piezoresistivity of the CNT polymer composite. The model reproduces the periodic variation of tunneling resistance consistent with experimental observations and quantum simulations in the literature, and provides improved predictive accuracy of piezoresistivity in CNT polymer composites.
Anatomy of geometrical destabilization of inflation
Authors: Krajewski Tomasz , Turzyński Krzysztof 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study geometrical destabilization of inflation with the aim of determining the fate of
excited unstable modes. We use numerical lattice simulations to track the dynamics of both the
inflaton and the spectator field. We find that geometrical destabilization is a short-lived
phenomenon and that a negative feedback loop prevents field fluctuations from growing
indefinitely. As a result, fields undergoing geometrical destabilization are merely shifted to a
new classical configuration corresponding to a uniform value of the spectator field within a
Hubble patch.
Modification of laser-induced state in atomic attosecond transient absorption by the XUV pulse pair
Authors: Li Xuhong , Yuan Guanglu , Tang Xiangyu , Fu Yong , Wang Kan , Wang Bincheng , Jin Cheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Attosecond transient absorption (ATA) has been developed as an all-optical technique for probing electron dynamics in matter. Here we present a scheme that can modify the laser-induced state and the corresponding ATA spectrum via excitation by a pair of XUV attosecond pulses and by a time-delayed mid-infrared (MIR) laser probe. Different from the scheme of the electronic excitation by a single XUV attosecond pulse, the application of a pair of XUV pulses provides extra degrees of freedom, such as the time delay and the intensity ratio between two XUV pulses, which make it possible to adjust the pump process, resulting in the modification of the ATA spectrum. We show that by varying the time delay between the two XUV pulses, the population of the dark state and the ATA spectrum of the laser-induced state have periodic modulations. We also demonstrate that the peak of the ATA spectrum of the laser-induced state appears at a fixed time delay between the XUV pair and the MIR laser when the intensity ratio is large, and it changes with the time delay when the intensity ratio is small, which can be related to either one of two peaks in the population of the dark state.
Bayesian inference of axisymmetric plasma equilibrium
Authors: Kwak Sehyun , Svensson J. , Ford O. , Appel L. , Ghim Y.-c. , Contributors JET 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a Bayesian method for inferring axisymmetric plasma equilibria from the magnetic field and plasma pressure measurements. The method calculates all possible solutions for plasma current and pressure distributions consistent with the measurements and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) force balance. Toroidal plasma current and magnetic field coils are modelled as a set of axisymmetric current-carrying solid beams. The other parameters such as plasma pressure and poloidal current flux are given as a function of poloidal magnetic flux, which is determined given a 2D current distribution. Plasma pressure and poloidal current flux profiles are modelled as Gaussian processes whose smoothness is optimally chosen based on the principle of Occam’s razor. To find equilibrium solutions, we introduce an MHD force balance constraint at every plasma current beam as a part of the prior knowledge. Given all these physical quantities, predictions calculated by the predictive (forward) models for diagnostics are compared to the observations. The high dimensional complex posterior probability distribution is explored by a new algorithm based on the Gibbs sampling scheme.
Picosecond Avalanche Detector — working principle and gain measurement with a proof-of-concept prototype
Authors: Paolozzi L. , Munker M. , Cardella R. , Milanesio M. , Gurimskaya Y. , Martinelli F. , Picardi A. , Rücker H. , Trusch A. , Valerio P. , Cadoux F. , Cardarelli R. , Débieux S. , Favre Y. , Fenoglio C.A. , Ferrere D. , Gonzalez-Sevilla S. , Kotitsa R. , Magliocca C. , Moretti T. , Nessi M. , Pizarro Medina A. , Sabater Iglesias J. , Saidi J. , Vicente Barreto Pinto M. , Zambito S. , Iacobucci G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Picosecond Avalanche Detector is a multi-junction
silicon pixel detector based on a (NP)drift(NP)gain
structure, devised to enable charged-particle tracking with high
spatial resolution and picosecond time-stamp capability. It uses a
continuous junction deep inside the sensor volume to amplify the
primary charge produced by ionizing radiation in a thin absorption
layer. The signal is then induced by the secondary charges moving
inside a thicker drift region. A proof-of-concept monolithic
prototype, consisting of a matrix of hexagonal pixels with
100 μm pitch, has been produced using the 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS
process by IHP microelectronics. Measurements on probe station and
with a 55Fe X-ray source show that the prototype is functional
and displays avalanche gain up to a maximum electron gain of 23. A
study of the avalanche characteristics, corroborated by TCAD
simulations, indicates that space-charge effects due to the large
primary charge produced by the conversion of X-rays from the
^55Fe source limits the effective gain.
KCC2 overexpressed exosomes meditated spinal cord injury recovery in mice
Authors: Yin Zhaoyang , Yin Jian , Huo Yongfeng , Gu Guangxue , Yu Jian , Li Aimin , Tang Jinhai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Exosomes show great potential in treating diseases of the central nervous system including spinal cord injury (SCI), still better engineered exosomes have more advantages. In this study, we purified exosomes from K+–Cl− co-transporter (KCC2) overexpressed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (ExoKCC2), to investigate the effect of ExoKCC2 on neural differentiation in vitro and the repairing function of ExoKCC2 in SCI mice in vivo. Compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomes (Exo), ExoKCC2 could better promote neural stem cell differentiated into neurons, ameliorate the function recovery of SCI mice, and accelerate the neural regeneration at the lesion site. Altogether, engineered ExoKCC2 may prove to be an advantageous strategy for SCI treatment.
Advancing AI-based pan-European groundwater monitoring
Authors: Ma Yueling , Montzka Carsten , Naz Bibi S , Kollet Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The main challenge of pan-European groundwater (GW) monitoring is the sparsity of collated water table depth (wtd) observations. The wtd anomaly (wtda
) is a measure of the increased wtd due to droughts. Combining long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and transfer learning (TL), we propose an AI-based methodology LSTM-TL to produce reliable wtda
estimates at the European scale in the absence of consistent wtd observational data sets. The core idea of LSTM-TL is to transfer the modeled relationship between wtda
and input hydrometeorological forcings to the observation-based estimation, in order to provide reliable wtda
estimates for regions with no or sparse wtd observations. With substantially reduced computational cost compared to physically-based numerical models, LSTM-TL obtained wtda
estimates in good agreement with in-situ wtda
measurements from 2569 European GW monitoring wells, showing r ⩾ 0.5, root-mean-square error ⩽1.0 and Kling-Gupta efficiency ⩾0.3 at about or more than half of the pixels. Based on the reconstructed long-term European monthly wtda
data from the early 1980s to the near present, we provide the first estimate of seasonal wtda
trends in different European regions, that is, significant drying trends in central and eastern Europe, which facilitates the understanding of historical GW dynamics in Europe. The success of LSTM-TL in estimating wtda
also highlights the advantage of combining AI techniques with knowledge contained in physically-based numerical models in hydrological studies.
Identification of degradation of groundwater recharge area infiltration quality on the slopes of Willis mountain
Authors: Setyawan1 Dendy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water needs are increasing as the population grows, directly affecting the exploitation of groundwater as the choice of the main water source. Damage to the ecosystem of water catchment areas reduces the infiltration rate of groundwater formation. The use of a geographic information system (SIG) in processing and displaying spatial data provides information in the form of a map of the condition of the groundwater area. The area of groundwater slope of Mount Wilis which is determined by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources in accordance with Law No. 7 of 2004 on water resources, has experienced a decrease in quality characterized by landslides, flash floods and decreased discharge of springs in the water release area, caused by land transfer.
Environmental Adaptation of Indigenous People: Baduy Tribe’s Local Wisdom in Environmental Management
Authors: Kenedy Biffanca Allya , Deffinika Ifan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
SDGs implementation requires a precise understanding of the target population. However, the disaggregated data needed to address all vulnerable groups – including indigenous peoples. One of the most popular indigenous people in Indonesia is the Urang Kanekes or Famously called Baduy. Baduy is an indegenous society located in Banten Province, which has been interned from the impact of globalization. The Baduy tribe belongs to an indigenous group that lives side by side with nature. The purpose of this study was to explore local wisdom from the way the Baduy manage their environment. This study is done by using a descriptive qualitative approach. Main data sources were collected using secondary data from literature review. In addition, primary data was collected by interviewing some informants as supporting data. Data processing with triangulation data and analyzed by using SWOT to explain Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats in the environmental management of the Baduy community. The result of this study shows that the Baduy people have their characteristics in their local wisdom, especially in environmental management, which can protect and preserve the environment.
Potential Development of Cibugary Farm as Agro-Ecotourism Object in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Putri Inanditya Widiana , Wirahayu Yuswanti Ariani 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cibugary Farm (Cibubur Garden Dairy) is the only cow dairy agro-tourism in East Jakarta. This is a good opportunity for this agro-tourism. Along with the program that will be run by the East Jakarta Government by 2021, namely “Cipayung Ecotourism”, the development of Cibugary Farm into an agro-ecotourism site can support this program. Until now, the label owned by Cibugary Farm is only in the form of agro-tourism. For this reason, this study identified the potential of Cibugary to become an agro-ecotourism object (maintaining the educational element while preserving culture and the environment). The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative analysis, with data sources in the form of secondary data obtained from previous research and related agencies. The results of the study show that the Cibugary tourism object has the potential to be used as an agro-ecotourism object. This can be done by adding elements of Betawi culture in tourism activities and facilities and involving the community in their management.
Analysis of Tourism Carrying Capacity of Purwodadi Botanical Garden for Supporting A Sustainable Environment
Authors: Rizky Maulidatur R , Binti Muti’atul A , Tillah Mardha , Mayang W.K , Radite Wanudya A , Wagistina Satti , Komang Astina I 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBotanical gardens are one of the areas to maintain the country’s biodiversity. However, another function of the botanical garden, namely tourism, can sometimes be a threat to the preservation of this biodiversity. Changes in tourism management from LIPI to the private sector have also contributed to the increasing number of tourists. Therefore, complex tourism activities need to consider carrying capacity so that tourist attractions do not exceed their limits. The purpose of this paper is to determine the carrying capacity of tourism and the application of environmental sustainability in the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, Pasuruan Regency. This study was designed using a mixed-method approach, which is a combination of quantitative approaches that include Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC) and Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC) and a qualitative approach, namely environmental sustainability. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling so that interviews were conducted with the managers of the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens. The results show that the PCC value of the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens is 17,274 tourists/day and the ECC value is 11,516 tourists/day. PCC and ECC values in Purwodadi Botanical Gardens still exceed their actual values. So it can be concluded that the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens is still able to accommodate tourists without threatening the preservation of existing biodiversity. As for the aspect of environmental sustainability in the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, it is classified as having followed efforts to support a sustainable environment.
Effect of Pozzolanic Material on Drying Shrinkage Characteristics of Blended Cementitious Mortar
Authors: Thikare Nitesh , Yadav Shalini , Patil Ranjit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To maintain sustainability, the production of Portland cement is a major contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. Various methodologies are used for the purpose of reduction of Portland cement consumption in mortar are desirable to minimize the greenhouse gases. Based on past studies, the authors have studied fly ash behavior with the cement and its effect on mortar and concrete i.e. usage of fly ash (FA) contents in mortar as one of the sources of cement replacement, which makes mortar less permeable due to its fineness and pozzolanic response. This paper briefly discusses the cement replacement with a different fineness of FA from various hoppers at different percentages and does experimental examinations related to the compressive strength (CS) and drying shrinkage (DS) mortar. The FA was used for the research work from the Khaperkheda power plant, Nagpur. FA is used as a replacement with cement in a 12.5 % proportion up to 37.5% with a mix proportion for the mortar is 1:3. Casting of mortar for compressive strength and drying shrinkage is done as per the Indian Standard (IS) code. The result elucidated that, up to optimum level, the CS of mortar was increased and further observed increase in FA content decreased the CS. For drying shrinkage, the value of shrinkage is found lesser than the controlled cement mortar due to its fineness.
Experimental investigation of direct injection diesel engine using waste plastic oil as fuel
Authors: Jatadhara G S , Chandrashekhar T K , Banapurmath N R , Nagesh S B , Keerthi kumar N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Recycling of waste plastics for power generation, automotive traction can provide perfect source of energy due to their energy content. Plastics utilization is growing daily although it is not environment friendly material but can be utilized for different applications. The disposal of after use plastic is a major task and quality of oil obtained from the same has properties similar to fuel. The main advantage of conversion of used plastic to gasoline provides additional fuel generation to be derived besides addressing the disposal issues. The plastic oil obtained from pyrolysis can be added with conventional fuel efficiently and acceptable engine overall performance. Therefore, blends of plastic oil with diesel are considered for the diesel engine applications. In the present study pyrolysis of plastic is done in presence of catalyst at temperature of 380°C to obtain oil with properties similar to petroleum fuels. The plastic oil is mixed with diesel in different volume proportions ranging from 10 to 40% and used as fuel in diesel engine to study its characteristics. Properties of plastic oil blends with diesel obtained were analysed. The lower plastic oil blends P10increased the brake thermal efficiency by 5%and lowered the rate of fuel consumption by 10%. As the blending ratio increased in-cylinder pressures and heat release rates were higher and the longer ignition delay were obtained. The emissions of HC, NOx decreased with lower plastic oil blending as compared to higher blending ratio. The result suggests that the plastic oil P10 can be used effectively as alternative fuel to diesel for engine with optimized operating situations. Utilization of PO with diesel blends of 10 to 30% in conventional engines provide acceptable engine performance and reduction in emission and hence can effectively reduce the dependence on fossil diesel fuel and reduce the foreign exchange.
Driving through sustainable systems: a Study of Air Quality Index of Delhi during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Garg S. , Sahdev S.L. , Mahajan N. , Goel N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The impact of lockdown during covid-19 pandemic on air quality in terms of pollution was investigated in the Delhi/NCR region in this study. The National Air Quality Index (NAQI) uses air quality data for six pollutant measures (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO, NO2 and O3) from monitoring stations across the megacity to demonstrate the spatial pattern of air quality before and during the lockdown period due to pandemic. The objective of this study is to investigate the interrelationship among the various parameters the Pearson’s correlation analysis was conducted. The results found were able to demonstrate that during lockdown air quality was significantly improved. It was also found that among other pollutants, level of NO2 and CO have also declined during- lockdown phase. It was observed that during this period of lockdown, the air quality index on maximum number of days was found to be good and satisfactory in Delhi that was the clear indication of an improvement in air quality due to a reduction in pollution and emissions of vehicles and industries. It can be implemented to further work on parameters to improve the air quality in future.
Sustainable Rural Development through Renewable Energy Technologies: Identification of Potential Methods to Increase Rural Incomes
Authors: Patnaik Amitabh , Kudal Pallavi , Dawar Sunny , Dawar Prince 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Renewable energy is being promoted in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)1 as a potential new source of jobs and rural development. Governments in most nations have poured vast sums of public funds into renewable energy development. But how do these policies and investments affect the economy? Is it true that renewable energy may aid in the development of rural economies? This study examines the answers to these questions. We aim at determining the impact that economically cleaner energy options can play in reducing post-harvest losses in India’s rural communities. The food supply chain, energy supplies, and the environment are all being strained by the ever-expanding population. Post-harvest losses, on the other hand, pose a threat to the crop and its products. We have identified how post harvesting losses can be reduced by clean energy options and hence can lead to sustainable and self-sufficient village economies in India.
An Experimental Behavior on Green Concrete utilizing Granite Slurry Waste (GSW) as Partial Substitute of Cement
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Pandey Priyanka , Gupta Pooja , Shende Abhay M. , Bhandari Rakesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Granite Granite materials are widely used by the construction industries. Granite slurry waste is a fine powder similar to cement that is causing climate and environmental problems around the world today. Individuals’ respiratory and sensitivity issues are exacerbated by the disposal of this granite waste. Concrete seems to be the most versatile building material. The usage of GSW in concrete could help alleviate a variety of issues, including CO2 emissions in the environment. Various molds were formed in this study to investigate the durability properties of concrete (water permeability, abrasion resistance, UPV test, and modulus of elasticity (static) for green concrete to be w/c 0.4 and 0.5. More workable green concrete is obtained at the varied replacement of granite slurry waste. The result has been shown to increase the depth of water penetration and modulus of elasticity with the addition of GSW for two w/c 0.5 and 0.4. The maximum water penetration depth was reported to be 85 mm at a 30% substitution level of GSW. The abrasion loss was step by step increased with an increasing of different substitution ranges (5% to 30%) of GSW as a partial substitute of cement (OPC and PPC). The highest abrasion loss was likewise observed to be less than 1 mm. The modulus of elasticity (Static) of concrete was increase at the substitute range of 5%. The UPV test results showed that the quality of GSW concrete is good. These studies show that the inclusion of granite slurry waste in green concrete will show that it will be cheap, protect the resources, and be more sustainable.