bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-texturing of polymer surfaces using lasers: a review
Authors: Obilor Amarachi F. , Pacella Manuela , Wilson Andy , Silberschmidt Vadim V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicro- and nanoscale structures produced on surfaces of metals, polymers, ceramics, and glasses have many important applications in different fields such as engineering, medical, biological, etc. Laser ablation using ultrashort pulses has become the prominent technique for generating different surface structures for various functional applications. Ultrashort laser ablation proved to be ideal for producing structures with dimensions down to the nanometre scale. In comparison to other texturing techniques employed to create micro/nano features such as electrochemical machining, micro-milling, ion-beam etching, hot embossing, lithography, and mechanical texturing, ultrashort laser ablation produces high-quality surfaces at low cost in a one-step non-contact process. Advantageous characteristics of polymers such as high strength-to-weight ratio, non-corrosive nature, and high electrical and thermal resistance, have made polymers the preferred choice compared to other materials (e.g., steel, aluminium, titanium) in several fields of application. As a result, laser ablation of polymers has been of great interest for many researchers. This paper reviews the current state-of-the art research and recent progress in laser ablation of polymers starting from laser-material interaction, polymer properties influenced by laser, laser texturing methods, and achievable surface functionalities such as adhesion, friction, self-cleaning, and hydrophilicity on commonly used polymeric materials. It also highlights the capabilities and drawbacks of various micro-texturing techniques while identifying texture geometries that can be generated with these techniques. In general, the objective of this work is to present a thorough review on laser ablation and laser surface modification of a variety of industrially used polymers. Since direct laser interference patterning is an emerging area, considerable attention is given to this technique with the aim of forming a basis for follow-up research that could pave the way for potential technological ideas and optimization towards obtaining complex high-resolution features for future novel applications.
Influence of the roll leveler setup parameters on the quality of high-strength steel leveling operation
Authors: Perzynski Konrad , Pyzynski Kamil , Swierczynski Sebastian , Pidvysots’kyy Valeriy , Klis Janusz , Madej Lukasz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe computer-aided development of the leveling technology for high-strength steel flat sheet products is the primary goal of the research. The roll leveler setups are evaluated from the final product point of view with an acceptable flatness level and stress state at the same time. First, a reliable hardening model is developed based on experimental and numerical investigation. The combined isotropic-kinematic model is selected to capture material behavior under cyclic loading conditions. The inverse analysis approach is used for the high-quality model parameters identification stage. Then the roll leveling process for a wide range of machine setups is simulated using a finite element model. Examples of results in the form of final flatness and stress distributions are presented within the work. As an outcome, a set of process parameters is identified that provides a good quality product for both investigated criteria.
Minkowski Inequalities via Nonlinear Potential Theory
Authors: Agostiniani Virginia , Fogagnolo Mattia , Mazzieri Lorenzo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we prove an extended version of the Minkowski Inequality, holding for any smooth bounded set $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n$$

Ω
⊂

R

n

, $$n\ge 3$$

n
≥
3

. Our proof relies on the discovery of effective monotonicity formulas holding along the level set flow of the p-capacitary potentials associated with $$\Omega $$
Ω
, for every p sufficiently close to 1. These formulas also testify the existence of a link between the monotonicity formulas derived by Colding and Minicozzi for the level set flow of Green’s functions and the monotonicity formulas employed by Huisken, Ilmanen and several other authors in studying the geometric implications of the Inverse Mean Curvature Flow. In dimension $$n\ge 8$$

n
≥
8

, our conclusions are stronger than the ones obtained so far through the latter mentioned technique.
Comparative analysis of microbial communities from different full-scale haloalkaline biodesulfurization systems
Authors: Gupta Suyash , Plugge Caroline M. , Klok Johannes B. M. , Muyzer Gerard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In biodesulfurization (BD) at haloalkaline and dO2-limited conditions, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) effectively convert sulfide into elemental sulfur that can be used in agriculture as a fertilizer and fungicide. Here we show which bacteria are present in this biotechnological process. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of biomass from ten reactors sampled in 2018 indicated the presence of 444 bacterial Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). A core microbiome represented by 30 ASVs was found in all ten reactors, with Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus as the most dominant species. The majority of these ASVs are phylogenetically related to bacteria previously identified in haloalkaline BD processes and in natural haloalkaline ecosystems. The source and composition of the feed gas had a great impact on the microbial community composition followed by alkalinity, sulfate, and thiosulfate concentrations. The halophilic SOB of the genus Guyparkeria (formerly known as Halothiobacillus) and heterotrophic SOB of the genus Halomonas were identified as potential indicator organisms of sulfate and thiosulfate accumulation in the BD process.

Key points
• Biodesulfurization (BD) reactors share a core microbiome
• The source and composition of the feed gas affects the microbial composition in the BD reactors
• Guyparkeria and Halomonas indicate high concentrations of sulfate and thiosulfate in the BD process
The yeast Dbf4 Zn2+ finger domain suppresses single-stranded DNA at replication forks initiated from a subset of origins
Authors: Bachant Jeff , Hoffman Elizabeth A. , Caridi Chris , Nugent Constance I. , Feng Wenyi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDbf4 is the cyclin-like subunit for the Dbf4-dependent protein kinase (DDK), required for activating the replicative helicase at DNA replication origin that fire during S phase. Dbf4 also functions as an adaptor, targeting the DDK to different groups of origins and substrates. Here we report a genome-wide analysis of origin firing in a budding yeast mutant, dbf4-zn, lacking the Zn2+ finger domain within the C-terminus of Dbf4. At one group of origins, which we call dromedaries, we observe an unanticipated DNA replication phenotype: accumulation of single-stranded DNA spanning ± 5kbp from the center of the origins. A similar accumulation of single-stranded DNA at origins occurs more globally in pri1-m4 mutants defective for the catalytic subunit of DNA primase and rad53 mutants defective for the S phase checkpoint following DNA replication stress. We propose the Dbf4 Zn2+ finger suppresses single-stranded gaps at replication forks emanating from dromedary origins. Certain origins may impose an elevated requirement for the DDK to fully initiate DNA synthesis following origin activation. Alternatively, dbf4-zn may be defective for stabilizing/restarting replication forks emanating from dromedary origins during replication stress.
Fully automatic classification of automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) imaging according to BI-RADS using a deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Hejduk Patryk , Marcon Magda , Unkelbach Jan , Ciritsis Alexander , Rossi Cristina , Borkowski Karol , Boss Andreas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to develop and test a post-processing technique for detection and classification of lesions according to the BI-RADS atlas in automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) based on deep convolutional neural networks (dCNNs).

Methods and materials
In this retrospective study, 645 ABUS datasets from 113 patients were included; 55 patients had lesions classified as high malignancy probability. Lesions were categorized in BI-RADS 2 (no suspicion of malignancy), BI-RADS 3 (probability of malignancy < 3%), and BI-RADS 4/5 (probability of malignancy > 3%). A deep convolutional neural network was trained after data augmentation with images of lesions and normal breast tissue, and a sliding-window approach for lesion detection was implemented. The algorithm was applied to a test dataset containing 128 images and performance was compared with readings of 2 experienced radiologists.

Results
Results of calculations performed on single images showed accuracy of 79.7% and AUC of 0.91 [95% CI: 0.85–0.96] in categorization according to BI-RADS. Moderate agreement between dCNN and ground truth has been achieved (κ: 0.57 [95% CI: 0.50–0.64]) what is comparable with human readers. Analysis of whole dataset improved categorization accuracy to 90.9% and AUC of 0.91 [95% CI: 0.77–1.00], while achieving almost perfect agreement with ground truth (κ: 0.82 [95% CI: 0.69–0.95]), performing on par with human readers. Furthermore, the object localization technique allowed the detection of lesion position slice-wise.

Conclusions
Our results show that a dCNN can be trained to detect and distinguish lesions in ABUS according to the BI-RADS classification with similar accuracy as experienced radiologists.

Key Points
• A deep convolutional neural network (dCNN) was trained for classification of ABUS lesions according to the BI-RADS atlas.
• A sliding-window approach allows accurate automatic detection and classification of lesions in ABUS examinations.
Artificial intelligence for the detection, prediction, and management of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Isaksen Jonas L. , Baumert Mathias , Hermans Astrid N. L. , Maleckar Molly , Linz Dominik 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe present article reviews the state of the art of machine learning algorithms for the detection, prediction, and management of atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as of the development and evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiology and beyond. Today, AI detects AF with a high accuracy using 12-lead or single-lead electrocardiograms or photoplethysmography. The prediction of paroxysmal or future AF currently operates at a level of precision that is too low for clinical use. Further studies are needed to determine whether patient selection for interventions may be possible with machine learning.
Vulvodynia: a neuroinflammatory pain syndrome originating in pelvic visceral nerve plexuses due to mechanical factors
Authors: Bornstein Jacob , Palzur Eilam , Swash Michael , Petros Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis short opinion aimed to present the evidence to support our hypothesis that vulvodynia is a neuroinflammatory pain syndrome originating in the pelvic visceral nerve plexuses caused by the failure of weakened uterosacral ligaments (USLs) to support the pelvic visceral nerve plexuses, i.e., T11–L2 sympathetic and S2–4 parasympathetic plexuses. These are supported by the USLs, 2 cm from their insertion to the cervix. They innervate the pelvic organs, glands, and muscles. If the USLs are weak or lax, gravitational force or even the muscles may distort and stimulate the unsupported plexuses. Inappropriate afferent signals could then be interpreted as originating from an end-organ site. Activation of sensory visceral nerves causes a neuro-inflammatory response in the affected tissues, leading to neuroproliferation of small peripheral sensory nerve fibers, which may cause hyperalgesia and allodynia in the territory of the damaged innervation. Repair of the primary abnormality of USL laxity, responsible for mechanical stimulation of the pelvic sensory plexus, may lead to resolution of the pain syndrome.
MAX deficiency impairs human endometrial decidualization through down-regulating OSR2 in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Ma Weixu , Cao Mingzhu , Bi Shilei , Du Lili , Chen Jingsi , Wang Haibin , Jiang Yufei , Wu Yixuan , Liao Yixin , Kong Shuangbo , Liu Jianqiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman uterine stromal cell undergoes decidualization for pregnancy establishment and maintenance, which involved extensive proliferation and differentiation. Increasing studies have suggested that recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) may result from defective endometrial stromal decidualization. However, the critical molecular mechanisms underlying impaired decidualization during RSA are still elusive. By using our recently published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) atlas, we found that MYC-associated factor X (MAX) was significantly downregulated in the stromal cells derived from decidual tissues of women with RSA, followed by verification with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MAX knockdown significantly impairs human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) proliferation as determined by MTS assay and Ki67 immunostaining, and decidualization determined by F-actin, and decidualization markers. RNA-seq together with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and cleavage under targets and release using nuclease sequencing (CUT&RUN-seq) analysis were applied to explore the molecular mechanisms of MAX in regulation of decidualization, followed by dual-luciferase reporter assay to verify that MAX targets to (odd-skipped related transcription factor 2) OSR2 directly. Reduced expression of OSR2 was also confirmed in decidual tissues in women with RSA by IHC and qRT-PCR. OSR2 knockdown also significantly impairs HESCs decidualization. OSR2-overexpression could at least partly rescue the downregulated insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) expression level in response to MAX knockdown. Collectively, MAX deficiency observed in RSA stromal cells not only attenuates HESCs proliferation but also impairs HESCs decidualization by downregulating OSR2 expression at transcriptional level directly.
Morphologies, dimensions and targets of gastric nitric oxide synthase neurons
Authors: Di Natale Madeleine R. , Hunne Billie , Liew Jamie J. M. , Fothergill Linda J. , Stebbing Martin J. , Furness John B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigated the distributions and targets of nitrergic neurons in the rat stomach, using neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase histochemistry. Nitrergic neurons comprised similar proportions of myenteric neurons, about 30%, in all gastric regions. Small numbers of nitrergic neurons occurred in submucosal ganglia. In total, there were ~ 125,000 neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) neurons in the stomach. The myenteric cell bodies had single axons, type I morphology and a wide range of sizes. Five targets were identified, the longitudinal, circular and oblique layers of the external muscle, the muscularis mucosae and arteries within the gastric wall. The circular and oblique muscle layers had nitrergic fibres throughout their thickness, while the longitudinal muscle was innervated at its inner surface by fibres of the tertiary plexus, a component of the myenteric plexus. There was a very dense innervation of the pyloric sphincter, adjacent to the duodenum. The muscle strands that run between mucosal glands rarely had closely associated nNOS nerve fibres. Both nNOS immunohistochemistry and NADPH histochemistry showed that nitrergic terminals did not provide baskets of terminals around myenteric neurons. Thus, the nitrergic neuron populations in the stomach supply the muscle layers and intramural arteries, but, unlike in the intestine, gastric interneurons do not express nNOS. The large numbers of nNOS neurons and the density of innervation of the circular muscle and pyloric sphincter suggest that there is a finely graded control of motor function in the stomach by the recruitment of different numbers of inhibitory motor neurons.
Efficacy of Siriraj, in-house-developed, frozen gloves for cold therapy reduction of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in gynecological cancer patients: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chitkumarn Phreerakan , Rahong Tharinee , Achariyapota Vuthinun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of cold therapy in reducing paclitaxel-based, chemotherapy-induced, peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The secondary objective was to establish the incidence of CIPN arising from paclitaxel administration.

Materials and methods
The study enrolled gynecological cancer patients who were aged over 18 years and receiving chemotherapy which included paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 every 3 weeks). The patients were allocated to control and cold-therapy groups by computer randomization. During paclitaxel administration, frozen gloves developed in-house by Siriraj Hospital were worn—with a cold pack inside—on both hands and both feet by the cold-therapy patients. The CIPN incidence was evaluated by FACT/GOG-Ntx (version 4) at each chemotherapy cycle and at the 1-month follow-up after treatment completion.

Results
There were 79 patients (control arm, 40; study arm, 39). The CIPN incidences in the control and cold-therapy groups were 100% and 48.7%, respectively. CIPN was significantly decreased in the intervention group between the first cycle and the 1 month follow-up after chemotherapy cessation (P value < 0.001). Four patients discontinued the cold therapy due to pain, but there were no serious adverse effects due to the therapy.

Conclusion
The Siriraj Hospital, in-house-developed, frozen gloves can reduce CIPN effectively as part of cold therapy for paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. The benefits of using the gloves are apparent from the first chemotherapy cycle to the 1-month, post-treatment follow-up assessment.
Ground states of semilinear elliptic problems with applications to the Allen–Cahn equation on the sphere
Authors: Caju Rayssa , Gaspar Pedro , Guaraco Marco A. M. , Matthiesen Henrik 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study solutions of$$\Delta u - F'(u)=0$$Δu-F′(u)=0, where the potentialFcan have an arbitrary number of wells at arbitrary heights, including bottomless wells with subcritical decay. In our setting,ground statesolutions correspond to unstable solutions of least energy. We show that in convex domains of$${\mathbb {R}}^N$$RNand manifolds with$${\text {Ric}}\ge 0$$Ric≥0, ground states are always of mountain-pass type and have Morse index 1. In addition, we prove symmetry of the ground states if the domain is either an Euclidean ball or the entire sphere$$S^{N}$$SN. For the Allen–Cahn equation$$\varepsilon ^2\Delta u - W'(u)=0$$ε2Δu-W′(u)=0on$$S^{N}$$SN, we prove the ground state is unique up to rotations and corresponds to the equator as a minimal hypersurface. We also study bifurcation at the energy level of the ground state as$$\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$$ε→0, showing that the first$$N+1$$N+1min-max Allen–Cahn widths of$$S^{N}$$SNare ground states, and we prove a gap theorem for the corresponding$$(N+2)$$(N+2)-th min-max solution.
Audio-visual stimulation for visual compensatory functions in stroke survivors with visual field defect: a systematic review
Authors: Alwashmi Kholoud , Meyer Georg , Rowe Fiona J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Hemianopia is a complete or partial blindness in the visual fields of both eyes, commonly caused by cerebral infarction. It has been hypothesized that systematic audio-visual (AV) stimulation of the blind hemifield can improve accuracy and search times, probably due to the stimulation of bimodal representations in the superior colliculus (SC), an important multisensory structure involved in both the initiation and execution of saccades.

Methods
A narrative synthesis of the findings is presented to highlight how AV rehabilitation impacts on patients with hemianopia including visual oculomotor function, functional ability in activities of daily living, hemianopic dyslexia, visual scanning and searching tasks, maintaining of functional ability post training and the effect on brain multisensory integration by using neuroimaging.

Results
Sixteen studies were included (fourteen articles (188 participants) and two literature reviews). Results were grouped into AV training of hemianopia in adults and in children and then further grouped according to the AV task type: tasks measuring the training effects by comparing visual stimulation training to audio-visual training, localization abilities in homonymous hemianopia (HH) and AV integration in patients with HH.

Conclusion
Systematic AV training may improve the processing of visual information by recruiting subcortical pathways, and because most of the patients with visual cortex damage have an intact SC, it might be useful to use the bimodal AV training to activate retinotectal functions. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms supporting the reported positive effects are not currently understood. Systematic functional and/or structural imaging studies may help in understanding the underlying mechanism and inform the design of optimal training paradigms.
Cardiac sympathetic innervation in Parkinson’s disease versus multiple system atrophy
Authors: Eckhardt Christine , Krismer Florian , Donnemiller Eveline , Eschlböck Sabine , Fanciulli Alessandra , Raccagni Cecilia , Bösch Sylvia , Mair Katherina , Scherfler Christoph , Djamshidian Atbin , Uprimny Christian , Metzler Bernhard , Seppi Klaus , Poewe Werner , Kiechl Stefan , Virgolini Irene , Wenning Gregor K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aims of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the dual imaging method combining cardiac iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine single-photon emission computed tomography combined with low-dose chest computed tomography compared to routine cardiac scintigraphy, and assess regional differences in tracer distribution and the relationships between imaging and autonomic function in Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy.

Methods
A prospective study including 19 Parkinson’s disease and 12 multiple system atrophy patients was performed. Patients underwent clinical evaluation, iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine single-photon emission computed tomography combined with chest computed tomography, planar scintigraphy, and cardiovascular autonomic function tests.

Results
Co-registration of single-photon emission computed tomography and chest computed tomography resulted in three groups with distinct patterns of tracer uptake: homogeneous, non-homogeneously reduced and absent. There was a significant difference in group allocation among patients with multiple system atrophy and Parkinson’s disease (p = 0.001). Most multiple system atrophy patients showed homogeneous uptake, and the majority of Parkinson’s disease patients showed absent cardiac tracer uptake. We identified a pattern of heterogeneous cardiac tracer uptake in both diseases with reductions in the apex and the lateral myocardial wall. Sympathetic dysfunction reflected by a missing blood pressure overshoot during Valsalva manoeuvre correlated with cardiac tracer distribution in Parkinson’s disease patients (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The diagnostic accuracy of the dual imaging method and routine cardiac scintigraphy were similar. Anatomical tracer allocation provided by the dual imaging method of cardiac iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine single-photon emission computed tomography and chest computed tomography identified a heterogeneous subgroup of Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy patients with reduced cardiac tracer uptake in the apex and the lateral wall. Sympathetic dysfunction correlated with cardiac imaging in Parkinson’s disease patients.