bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and construction of a novel energy-loss optical scintillation system (ELOSS) for heavy-ion particle identification
Authors: Cortesi M. , Dziubinski S. , Gade A. , Zegers R. , Pereira J. , Asciutto J. , Lidia S. , Bazin D. 
Published: December 2022

We present the development of a novel heavy-ion particle-identification (PID) device based on an energy-loss measurement to be implemented in the focal plane of the S800 spectrograph of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). The new instrument consists of a multi-segmented optical detector [energy-loss optical scintillation system (ELOSS)] that is filled with xenon at pressures ranging from 400 to 800 Torr. The gas volume is surrounded by arrays of photomultiplier tubes and placed along the direction of the beam for recording the prompt scintillation light. The number of detected photons, which is proportional to the energy deposited by the beam particle along its track in the detector volume, allows one to identify the corresponding atomic number (Z). The ELOSS technology is expected to provide high-resolution ΔE measurements (≤0.6% σ) at a high counting rate (&gt;50 kHz). In addition, it has the capability of providing timing information with around 150 ps resolution (σ) compared to the lack of useable timing information of the conventional ionization chamber relying on drifting charges. The development of fast, accurate ΔE measurement techniques for present and future nuclear science facilities will have a high impact on the design and implementation of rare-isotope beam experiments at FRIB and their scientific outcome. As such, ELOSS also represents a prototype for the development of PID detector systems of other planned and future spectrometers, such as the high rigidity spectrometer at FRIB.
Stacking and tuning effects on magneto-electronic and electric contact features for arsenene/Fe3GeTe2 van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Han J N , Cao S G , Li Z H , Zhang Z H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recently, experimentally available Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) monolayer has attracted tremendous research interest due to its long-range ferromagnetic (FM) order. Here, we systematically study the magneto-electronic and electric contact properties of FGT-based van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures integrated by arsenene (As) with multiple stacking patterns. The low binding energy (−117.69 to −52.69 meV atom−1) proves their highly geometric stability, and the high magnetized energy (91.61–213.61 meV/unit cell) and magnetic exchange energy (64.53–84.43 meV/unit cell) provide a strong evidence for magnetism stability. Particularly, the magnetic proximity exchange effect as well as spin transfer and spin rearrangement can enhance the FM coupling in heterostructures, so that the highest Curie temperature T
C = 173.93 K is achieved, being 19.73% higher than isolated FGT. Meanwhile, the arsenene is magnetized as well. In particular, metal-induced gap states appear in band gap of original As monolayer. Besides, metal-semiconductor contact performance is improved in constructed heterostructures by lowering electronic Schottky barrier height to nearly obtain Ohmic contact. Magnetic exchange energy rises further to improve magnetic stability with the interlayer spacing narrowed, and T
C is increased up to 184.80 K, an increase of 27.21% compared to FGT monolayer. Being attributed to the proximity exchange effect strengthened with a shrunk interlayer spacing, and the electric contact behavior is also boosted further by this compressive strain to realize high-performance electric junction. Our findings provide a new route to extend the applications of FGT by constructing suitable vdW heterostructures.
Light driven magnetic transitions in transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers
Authors: Vogl Michael , Chaudhary Swati , Fiete Gregory A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the recent excitement around the physics of twisted transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) multilayer systems, we study strongly correlated phases of TMD heterobilayers under the influence of light. We consider both waveguide light and circularly polarized light. The former allows for longitudinally polarized light, which in the high frequency limit can be used to selectively modify interlayer hoppings in a tight-binding model. We argue based on quasi-degenerate perturbation theory that changes to the interlayer hoppings can be captured as a modulation to the strength of the moiré potential in a continuum model. As a consequence, waveguide light can be used to drive transitions between a myriad of different magnetic phases, including a transition from a 120∘ Neel phase to a stripe ordered magnetic phase, or from a spin density wave phase to a paramagnetic phase, among others. When the system is subjected to circularly polarized light we find that the effective mass of the active TMD layer is modified by an applied electromagnetic field. By simultaneously applying waveguide light and circularly polarized light to a system, one has a high level of control in moving through the phase diagram in-situ. Lastly, we comment on the experimental feasibility of Floquet state preparation and argue that it is within reach of available techniques when the system is coupled to a judiciously chosen bath.
Isotope doping-induced crossover shift in the thermal conductivity of thin silicon nanowires
Authors: Zhou Ziyue , Xu Ke , Song Zixuan , Wang Zhen , Lin Yanwen , Shi Qiao , Hao Yongchao , Fu Yuequn , Zhang Zhisen , Wu Jianyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Here, using homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we report the thermal transport characteristics of thin Si nanowires (NWs) with varying size and isotope doping ratio. It is identified that crossover in the thermal conductivity (κ) of both isotope doping-free and isotope doped Si-NWs appears at critical sizes, below which κ is enlarged with decreasing size because the hydrodynamic phonon flow predominates, above which, due to the dominant phonon boundary scattering, opposite behavior is observed. With increasing isotope doping, however, the critical size in minimizing the κ is moved to small values because the phonon impurity scattering caused by isotope doping is critically involved. Moreover, there is a critical isotope doping (<50%) in the critical size motion, originating from that, above which, the critical size no longer moves due to the persistence of hydrodynamic phonon flow. This study provides new insights into the thermal transport behaviors of quasi-1D structures.
Magnetorheological properties of Fe–Co nanoparticles with high saturation magnetization and low coercivity
Authors: Du Tianxiang , Zhao Penghui , Tong Yu , Ma Ning , Huang Hao , Dong Xufeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fe–Co alloys exhibit an excellent saturation magnetization, which makes them become a potential candidate for the high property magnetic particles in magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). How to decrease their coercivity and residual magnetization without sacrificing the saturation magnetization is a crucial problem to be solved. In this study, Fe–Co nanoparticles were prepared by DC arc discharge and further disposed through low temperature annealing in Ar atmosphere. The successful synthesis of Fe–Co nanoparticles was proved by x-ray diffraction and EDS. The vibrating sample magnetometer results revealed that the prepared Fe–Co nanoparticles had a saturation magnetization of 208 emu g−1, while the coercivity and remanent magnetization were 58 Oe and 5.8 emu g−1, respectively. The MR properties of Fe–Co nanoparticles based MRFs (FeCoNP-MRFs) with 10% particles by volume fraction were systematically investigated. The FeCoNP-MRFs showed up to 4.61 kPa dynamic shear stress at 436 kA m−1 magnetic field and an excellent reversibility. The MR properties of FeCoNP-MRFs were fitted well by Bingham and power law model, and described by Seo-Seo and Casson fluid model. Meanwhile, the sedimentation ratio of FeCoNP-MRFs was still 87.3% after 72 h, indicating an excellent sedimentation stability.
Quantification of plasma produced OH and electron fluxes at the liquid anode and their role in plasma driven solution electrochemistry
Authors: Yue Yuanfu , Exarhos Stephen , Nam Jaehyun , Lee Dongho , Linic Suljo , Bruggeman Peter J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plasma–liquid interactions enable various applications through the generation of a large range of reactive species in solution. In this work, we report on the interaction of a pulsed atmospheric pressure glow-like discharge with a liquid anode. Particularly, the flux of hydroxyl (OH) radicals and electrons in the plasma at the liquid anode are measured by laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy and current measurements to investigate the role of OH and electrons in plasma-enabled redox chemistry in solution. The impact of the voltage pulse width, voltage amplitude, liquid temperature and conductivity on the OH density distribution was also investigated. We observed a significant OH density near the liquid surface, which showed a transition from a ring-shaped structure to a more uniform structure with increasing plasma power. This transition coincided with a similar transition in the plasma emission intensity and electron density profile. A Raman laser scattering study indicated that this transition can be attributed to an enhanced N2 mixing at larger plasma-dissipated powers. Besides, a time resolved measurement showed that the OH density segregates radially in the afterglow at velocities exceeding the gas velocity at room temperature due to enhanced gas convection resulting from the plasma-induced gas heating. While the OH flux was of the order of ∼1021 m−2 s−1, approximately two orders of magnitude lower than the electron flux, significant reduction in the solution occurs during the voltage pulse. Nonetheless, a slow oxidation was observed in the afterglow due to the much longer lifetime of OH radicals compared to electrons. The Faradaic efficiency of the liquid redox chemistry was evaluated with H cell measurements and showed a good agreement with a 1D liquid phase model with the measured electron and OH fluxes as the input. This result shows the capability to quantitatively describe the plasma-driven solution electrochemistry for a model redox couple based on OH and electron driven reactions.
Investigation of the afterpeaks in pulsed microwave argon plasma at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Jeong Seokyong , Nam Woojin , Shim Seungbo , Yun Gunsu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We studied the energy transport process in pulsed microwave argon plasmas at atmospheric pressure, focusing on the optical emission burst during the pulse-off time called the afterpeak. Guided by experimental observations using nanosecond time resolution imaging and spectroscopic diagnostics, we developed a global simulation model considering time-varying reaction rate coefficients and non-thermal electron energy distribution. Experimental and simulation results show that the afterpeak can be maximized by choosing an appropriate pulse period. Our analysis of the generation and consumption of excited argon species reveals that the rapid drop in electron temperature during the inter-pulse time reduces the diffusive loss of ions and enhances the recombination reactions, which produce the afterpeak. We also reveal that the radiation trapping and high energy level argon must be considered to simulate the afterpeak in atmospheric conditions. The improved understanding of the afterpeak dynamics can be utilized to optimize the power coupling and/or generation of reactive species.
Development of highly selective compact high-temperature superconducting quad-band bandpass filter using interdigital feeding structure for radio astronomy
Authors: Rachi Sota , Sakuma Keita , Akahori Takuya , Sekiya Naoto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Astronomers at the Mizusawa Very Long Baseline Interferometry Observatory of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan are promoting the development of broadband receivers in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. The presence of extensive radio frequency interferences (RFI) in the UHF band hinders continuous broadband radio observations in this band. A promising technical solution to this problem is to use a superconducting multi-band bandpass filter as it enables the bundling of several RFI-free bands. We have developed a high-temperature superconducting compact quad-band bandpass filter (QB-BPF) at 0.7, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.1 GHz with low loss and steep cutoff characteristics for broadband receivers. That consists of two six-pole dual-band bandpass filters. We have devised an interdigital feeding structure with a high degree of freedom that enables the external quality factor to be designed individually for each band. A compact QB-BPF was fabricated using double-sided YBa2Cu3Oy thin films on a 36.4 mm × 42.0 mm (0.22λ
g × 0.25λ
g) Al2O3 substrate. The measurement results agreed well with the simulated ones, indicating that the QB-BPF overcomes the problem of extensive RFI in the UHF band.
Systematic study of the effect of individual rotational energy levels on the fusion cross-section of 16
O-based reactions of range 480 ≤ Z

P

Z

T
≤ 592
Authors: Jain Nishu , Bhuyan M , Kumar Raj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In heavy-ion fusion reactions, the enhancement in the sub-barrier fusion cross-section has been observed as compared to the 1-Dimensional barrier penetration model due to the coupling of many degrees of freedom to the relative motion. This enhancement can be explained theoretically by including nuclear structure effects like deformation and the coupling of relative motion among two colliding nuclei. The present work aims to investigate the effect of individual rotational energy levels on the fusion cross-sections for 16O-based reaction systems, namely, 16O + 182,184,186W, 16O + 176,180Hf, 16O + 174,176Yb, 16O + 166Er, 16O + 148,152,154Sm, 16O + 150Nd at energies below the fusion barrier. Using the CCFULL code, the effect of low-lying rotational energy levels on the fusion cross-section for 16O induced reactions has been investigated at energies below and around the Coulomb barrier. The calculations are performed by assuming the fixed value of diffuseness parameter a
0 = 0.65 fm in the Woods-Saxon nuclear potential and the other two parameters are optimised by fitting the experimental data at the above barrier. Here we have determined the V
0 and r
0 as a function of Z

P

Z

T
, where experimental cross-sections are available. From our calculations, it is observed that the hexadecapole deformation (β
4) with different magnitudes has a significant influence on the fusion cross sections. For the case of the +ve value of β
4, beyond 10+, the rotational levels cease to contribute significantly and also there is a significant difference between the contribution of sequential channels. On the other hand, in the case of -ve β
4, up to 6+ levels contribute significantly. Furthermore, we have established an algebraic systematic of fitting, which one can use to determine the parameters V
0, r
0 of Woods-Saxon nuclear potential within the range of Z

P

Z

T
lie in between 480 ≤ Z

P

Z

T
≤ 592.
Spectroscopic Determination of C, N, and O Abundances of Solar-analog Stars Based on the Lines of Hydride Molecules
Authors: Takeda Yoichi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotospheric C, N, and O abundances of 118 solar-analog stars were determined by applying the synthetic-fitting analysis to their spectra in the blue or near-UV region comprising lines of CH, NH, and OH molecules, with an aim of clarifying the behaviors of these abundances in comparison with [Fe/H]. It turned out that, in the range of −0.6 ≲ [Fe/H] ≲ +0.3, [C/Fe] shows a marginally increasing tendency with decreasing [Fe/H] with a slight upturn around [Fe/H] ∼ 0, [N/Fe] tends to somewhat decrease toward lower [Fe/H], and [O/Fe] systematically increases (and thus [C/O] decreases) with a decrease in [Fe/H]. While these results are qualitatively consistent with previous determinations mostly based on atomic lines, the distribution centers of these [C/Fe], [N/Fe], and [O/Fe] at the near-solar metallicity are slightly negative by several hundredths of dex, which is interpreted as due to unusual solar abundances possibly related to the planetary formation of our solar system. However, clear anomalies are not observed in the [C, N, O/Fe] ratios of planet-host stars. Three out of four very Be-deficient stars were found to show anomalous [C/Fe] or [N/Fe] which may be due to mass transfer from the evolved companion, though its relation to the Be depletion mechanism is still unclear.
Neural evidence for functional roles of tactile and visual feedback in the application of myoelectric prosthesis
Authors: Su Shiyong , Chai Guohong , Xu Wei , Meng Jianjun , Sheng Xinjun , Mouraux André , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the electrophysiological mechanism underlying different modalities of sensory feedback and multi-sensory integration in typical prosthesis control tasks. Approach. We recruited 15 subjects and developed a closed-loop setup for three prosthesis control tasks which covered typical activities in the practical prosthesis application, i.e. prosthesis finger position control (PFPC), equivalent grasping force control (GFC) and box and block control (BABC). All the three tasks were conducted under tactile feedback (TF), visual feedback (VF) and tactile-visual feedback (TVF), respectively, with a simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) recording to assess the electroencephalogram (EEG) response underlying different types of feedback. Behavioral and psychophysical assessments were also administered in each feedback condition. Results. EEG results showed that VF played a predominant role in GFC and BABC tasks. It was reflected by a significantly lower somatosensory alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) in TVF than in TF and no significant difference in visual alpha ERD between TVF and VF. In PFPC task, there was no significant difference in somatosensory alpha ERD between TF and TVF, while a significantly lower visual alpha ERD was found in TVF than in VF, indicating that TF was essential in situations related to proprioceptive position perception. Tactile-visual integration was found when TF and VF were congruently implemented, showing an obvious activation over the premotor cortex in the three tasks. Behavioral and psychophysical results were consistent with EEG evaluations. Significance. Our findings could provide neural evidence for multi-sensory integration and functional roles of tactile and VF in a practical setting of prosthesis control, shedding a multi-dimensional insight into the functional mechanisms of sensory feedback.
Assessing the local farmer’s perspective on Tapanuli Orangutan in Agroforest Landscape of Batang Toru Ecosystem, Indonesia
Authors: Harahap Hamid Arrum , Yonariza  , Ridwan Endrizal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Crop raiding by great apes presents a challenge to conservation due to enhancing human and wildlife conflict, and it is one of the main threats to the existence of newly identified species of Tapanuli Orangutan (Pongo Tapanuliensis). Our study aims to understand communities’ socioeconomics, farmers’ knowledge, perception, attitude, action against Tapanuli Orangutan. Nearly 33% of our respondents showed negative action against Tapanuli Orangutan. Farmer’s claimed that they drive the Orangutan out of their agroforests using tools such as air rifles, sharp tools, as well as stones and sticks. Farmer’s knowledge of Tapanuli Orangutan as a forest engineer is very low. Seventy three per cent of the respondent did not know any ecosystem services provided by Orangutans. We found out that cultural services of orangutans are the most understandable services by local farmers (14%), followed by regulation services (10%) and provisioning services as they consume the bushmeat of Orangutan (3%). Simultaneously, we found that knowledge, perceptions and attitude affect farmer actions by 62.2%. Understanding the farmer’s action against the Tapanuli Orangutan will provide vital information for the stakeholders. We suggested further research to determine farmers’ willingness to accept compensation for their crop-raiding by an Orangutan and the resolution conflict scheme of humanorangutan conflict. Using the economic valuation of orangutans, some strategic approaches may be taken to solve the conflict.
Emission factor for emission reduction estimation in reduced impact logging
Authors: Dharmawan I W S , Ridwan M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Indonesia has a forest area of 125.92 million hectares and Production Forest has the largest area, which is approximately 55% of the total forest area of Indonesia. To ensure sustainability of forest management, the use of a logging system that provides minimal damage is highly desirable. Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) as one of the logging systems can minimize the impact of damage due to logging. It is important to provide the emission factor for emission reduction estimation in RIL to support achievement of Indonesian NDC target for net sinker in 2030. This research aims to estimate the emission factor of stands stock in forest concession areas that have applied conventional logging systems and RIL. The circular plot was used to conduct a vegetation survey in concessionaries areas in Central Kalimantan Province and the data collected were then analyzed further for carbon stock and emission factor for emission reduction. The results of the research in study sites showed that emission factor for emission reduction estimation in RIL compare to conventional logging (CL) amounted 30.03 tonC/ha and equivalent 110.2 tonCO2eq/ha or 55.71%. Thus, this value can be used as emission factor to estimate the emission reduction locally in RIL compare to the CL in Central Kalimantan.
Tree damage index in Taman Merdeka, Binjai City, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Ahmad A G , Harahap M M , Putratama N I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tree damage is one of the important indicators for tree health monitoring. Data on tree damage conditions will be very useful for city park managers to determine tree care measures. The purpose of this study was to determine the index of tree damage in Taman Merdeka, Binjai City, North Sumatra Province. The assessment of the three parameters (location of damage, type of damage, and level of damage severity) on the tree damage indicators refers to the Forest Health Monitoring method developed by the USDA Forest Service (1997). A total of 86 (eighty six) individual trees from 15 (fifteen) tree species growing in Taman Merdeka – Binjai City were successfully measured for their damage conditions. The results of this study indicate that overall the trees that grow in Taman Merdeka Binjai City are in good condition. This can be seen from the absence of trees that have a heavy damage index. The results of this study showed that as many as 47,67% of tree species growing in Taman Merdeka – Binjai City had a moderate damage index, dan as many as 52,33% had a low damage index. Five species of trees are known to have moderate damage, namely mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla), saga (Adenanthera pavonina), dadap merah (Erythrina christagali), ketapang kencana (Terminalia mantally), and mangga (Mangifera indica).