bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ experiences of living with a child with Paediatric Feeding Disorder: An interview study in Sweden
Authors: Lamm Kajsa , Kristensson Hallström Inger , Landgren Kajsa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionChildren affected by Paediatric Feeding Disorder (PFD) cannot consume enough nourishment by mouth. PFD is highly prevalent and can affect the child's growth and development as well as family life.AimTo illuminate Swedish parents’ experiences of living with a child with PFD.MethodSemi‐structured interviews via telephone or video calls were conducted with 14 purposefully recruited mothers and six fathers. The interviews were analysed using content analysis. Ethics approval was obtained, and the parents all gave informed consent.ResultsFour overarching themes emerged: Living with stress; Advocating for the child; Adapting family life; and Gaining hope. Parents described fearing for their child's life and health, feeling pressure over meals and being emotionally affected. They told of experiencing a lack of understanding from healthcare professionals, friends and family. Parents expressed a struggle for help, the need for early interventions and more effective treatment, and developed strategies for coping with the demands of feeding and caring for their child, accepting their living reality. Finding support from a network helped, but the adaptation of daily life affected their family relations. They felt gratitude towards helpful professionals and relief and joy when their child was doing better.ConclusionsA more cohesive chain of care is important for children with PFD, and guidelines and educational support for healthcare providers are needed. Parental experiences provide a base for knowledge for further development of early detection and intervention for children with PFD.
When does ownership matter? Parents’ reasoning about children's conflicts over possessions
Authors: Nancekivell Shaylene E. , Maurer Brian A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn three studies (N = 854), including one pre‐registered study, we examined factors that might influence American parents’ decisions to side with owners versus promote prosociality or sharing when thinking about children's property conflicts. We found that parents’ thinking about property conflicts was affected by the relationships among the parents and their children. Namely, parents were most likely to side with owners when their child was described as transgressing upon another's property. Conversely, when the parents’ child was the owner, they were more likely to encourage sharing. Parents’ explanations revealed that their decisions were a reflection of their personal beliefs about the importance of personal rights and/or promoting prosociality. The findings also suggested that some parents were reasoning in nuanced ways about the importance of teaching children about consent and its link to ownership. The findings from these studies have bearing on the potential role of parental input in young children's appreciation of owners’ rights. These results suggest that parents may be providing children with some informative input regarding the nature of ownership rights such as when they matter most.
Mediating the claim? How ‘local ecosystems of support’ shape the operation and experience of UK social security
Authors: Edmiston Daniel , Robertshaw David , Young David , Ingold Jo , Gibbons Andrea , Summers Kate , Scullion Lisa , Geiger Ben Baumberg , de Vries Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLocal state and third sector actors routinely provide support to help people navigate their right to social security and mediate their chequered relationship to it. COVID‐19 has not only underlined the significance of these actors in the claims‐making process, but also just how vulnerable those working within ‘local ecosystems of support’ are to external shocks and their own internal pressures. Drawing on qualitative fieldwork with organisations providing support to benefit claimants and those financially struggling during COVID‐19, this paper examines the increasingly situated nature of the claims‐making process across four local areas in the United Kingdom. We do so to consider what bearing ‘local ecosystems of support’ have on income adequacy, access and universality across social security systems. Our analysis demonstrates how local state and third sector actors risk amplifying inequalities that at best disadvantage, and at worst altogether exclude, particular social groups from adequate (financial) assistance. Rather than conceiving of social security as a unitary collection of social transfers, we argue that its operation needs to be understood as much more fragmented and contingent. Practitioners exhibit considerable professional autonomy and moral agency in their discretionary practice, arbitrating between competing organisational priorities, local disinvestment, and changing community needs. Our findings offer broader lessons for understanding the contemporary governance of social security across welfare states seeking to responsibilise low‐income households through the modernisation of public services, localism, and welfare reforms.
Substrate promiscuity of acyltransferases contributes to the diversity of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in purple coneflower
Authors: Fu Rao , Zhang Pingyu , Jin Ge , Wei Shuo , Chen Jiang , Pei Jin , Zhang Yang 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYHydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HADs) such as chicoric acid are the main active ingredients of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench). Recently, the biosynthesis of chicoric acid catalyzed by both BAHD and serine carboxypeptidase‐like (SCPL) acyltransferases has been elucidated. However, the diversity of HADs in purple coneflower and their biosynthesis pathways remain unclear. Here, through an alignment of extract ion chromatograms of potential fragments, tentative HADs, such as phaselic acid and chicoric acid analogs (deoxy‐ and methyl‐), were found in purple coneflower. Phylogenetic analyses based on the full‐length transcriptome were conducted to explore additional BAHD and SCPL acyltransferases that might be involved in HAD biosynthesis. One BAHD, conserved among Echinacea species, showed weak hydroxycinnamoyl‐CoA:tartaric acid hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HTT) activity. Further results indicated that this BAHD was hydroxycinnamoyl‐CoA:malic acid hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HMT), which catalyzes the biosynthesis of phaselic acid. Although no potential isozyme was found for chicoric acid synthase (CAS), CAS itself showed acyl acceptor promiscuity and catalyzed the biosynthesis of deoxychicoric acid and methylchicoric acid. Overall, we identified additional HADs and depicted their biosynthesis network in purple coneflower. The substrate promiscuity of identified acyltransferases diversifies HADs, indicating the complexity of plant secondary metabolism.
How do I: Evaluate the safety and legitimacy of unproven cellular therapies?
Authors: Guleria Indira , de Los Angeles Muñiz Maria , Wilgo Matthew , Bapat Asawari , Cui Wanxing , Hsu Yen‐Michael Sheng , Jeyaraman Madhan , Muthu Sathish , Rodriguez Federico , Fesnak Andrew , Celluzzi Christina , Sesok‐Pizzini Deborah , Reich‐Slotky Ronit , Spitzer Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnproven cellular therapies are being offered to patients for a variety of conditions and diseases for which other treatments have failed. The use of untested cellular therapies is a worldwide problem. Practitioners (e.g., physicians, scientists, QA/QI facility managers, and policy advocates) are perhaps unaware of the risks involved with such therapies. Therefore, a critical need exists to bring attention to the potential limitations and adverse effects of these therapies to inform and limit misinformation.Study Design and MethodsWe describe the extent of the unproven cellular therapy problem through a search of scientific literature and social media coverage. We also describe the regulatory framework that can be used by the practitioner to review and evaluate both proven and unproven cellular therapies.ResultsWe report on the current state of unproven cellular therapies across the globe. A workflow to facilitate an understanding of the regulatory processes involved in the approval of cellular therapies is provided as well as a list of warnings required by regulatory agencies on various products. It is hoped that this article will serve as a tool kit to educate the practitioner on navigating the field of unproven cellular therapy products.DiscussionIncreasing awareness of the issues associated with unproven therapies through education is important to help in reducing misinformation and risks to patients.
Effects of physical activity as an adjunct treatment on healing outcomes and recurrence of venous leg ulcers: A scoping review
Authors: Qiu Yunjing , Osadnik Christian R. , Team Victoria , Weller Carolina D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHealing time is protracted and ulcer recurrence is common in patients with venous leg ulcers. Although compression is the mainstay treatment, many patients do not heal timely. Physical activity may be a clinically effective adjunct treatment to compression to improve healing outcomes. This scoping review provides a broad overview of the effect of physical activity as an adjunct treatment to compression on wound healing and recurrence. We followed the six‐step framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. We searched electronic databases and trial registration websites for relevant studies and ongoing trials. Two authors independently screened and selected articles. Findings were presented in a descriptive statistical narrative summary. We consulted and presented our findings to the wound consumer group to ensure the relevance of our study. Physical activity interventions in 12 out of the 16 eligible studies consisted of only one component, eight studies were resistance exercises, three studies reported ankle and/or foot range of motion exercises, and one study reported aerobic/walking exercises. The remaining four studies involved multicomponent exercise interventions. Resistance exercise combined with ankle and/or foot range of motion exercise minimised ulcer size on day 12 (intervention group: 4.55 ± 1.14 cm2 vs. control group: 7.43 ± 0.56 cm2) and improved calf muscle pump performance on day 8 (ejection fraction: 40%–65%; residual volume fraction: 56%–40%). We identified one study that reported ulcer recurrence rate with no clinical difference in the intervention group versus the control group (i.e., 12% in intervention vs. 5% in control). Our review identified that resistance exercise was the most common type of physical activity intervention trialled in the published literature. Resistance exercise combined with ankle and/or foot range of motion exercise appears to be effective adjunct treatments; however, the overall evidence is still relatively weak as most programmes had a short intervention period which limited clinical outcomes.
STANDARDIZATION OF KI-67 AS A BIOMARKER OF CELL PROLIFERATION
Authors: Zhylkibayev A.A. , Sarina N.I. , Mun E.A. , Eskendirova S.Z. 
Published: February 2022

Currently, the most informative, accessible, and common method for evaluating the level of cell proliferative activity is identification and quantification of Ki-67 protein as a universal proliferation biomarker. The Ki-67 antigen is a component of the nuclear matrix, and nuclear core localization changes are observed during the cell cycle. Ki-67 protein is mainly associated with the chromosomes and belongs to the family of perichromonucleic proteins that surround chromosomes during mitosis. Ki-67 is characterized as a large nuclear protein based on cloning and sequencing a cDNA library. It is subjected to conformational changes during the cell cycle. Ki-67 also undergoes post-translational modifications by phosphorylation, accompanied by redistribution from the nucleoplasm into the perichromosomal layer and back during mitosis. Accordingly, Ki-67 is a widely used biomarker for cancer cells, including for pathological diagnosis and monitoring treatment responses. In particular, determination of the expression level of Ki-67 plays an important role in distinguishing the molecular subtypes of breast cancer and is one of the main criteria for determining the appropriate scheme of chemotherapy. However, there is currently no standardization of evaluation methods for predicting the disease outcome and effectiveness of chemotherapy. Researchers have reported the high variability in the Ki-67 index between different laboratories, depending on the choice of primary antibodies, methods for conducting immunohistochemistry, and methods for quantifying expression.
The most appropriate threshold values of Ki-67 expression for clinical monitoring are continuously debated, and determination of a single cut-off point of Ki-67 was shown to not appropriately reflect the heterogeneous biology of the disease. In accordance with the latest recommendations of the St. Gallen conference of 2015, low, medium, and high Ki-67 thresholds were identified to achieve a better response to therapy. Here, we discuss the structure and function of the protein, as well as progress toward achieving a standardized determination method of Ki-67.
A Novel Semiemperical Friction Coefficient Model Between Needle and Polyvinyl Alcohol Tissue Phantom and Its Validation by Using Computational Inverse Technique
Authors: Li Murong , Lei Yong , Hu Yingda , Du Shilun , Gao Dedong , Wang Zhen , Xu Tian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Needle–tissue interactive force is vital for developing a virtual simulation and planning system (SPS) and optimizing needle control strategy, wherein the friction coefficient is an important parameter but difficult to pre-determine. The existing studies on friction coefficient estimation were lack of qualitative analysis and did not consider the effect of normal pressure and interactive velocity, which may lead to the inaccuracy of the friction calculation. In this paper, we proposed a novel semiempirical friction coefficient model based on the modified classical elastic friction theory that constructs the relationship between the friction coefficient and parameters such as the normal pressure and velocity. The proposed friction coefficient model is validated by using the computational inverse technique based on coupled finite element material point (CFEMP) contact algorithm. The results show that the friction coefficient between the needle and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) tissue phantom varies from 0.091 to 0.242 with different normal pressure (7.95–17.80 kPa) and insertion velocity (1–9 mm/s), which agrees well with the experimental data. The results of the paper can help to better understand the intrinsic characteristics of the needle–tissue interactions and optimal needle actuation strategies.
CREBRFmissense variant rs373863828 has both direct and indirect effects on type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose in Polynesian peoples living in Samoa and Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Russell Emily M , Carlson Jenna C , Krishnan Mohanraj , Hawley Nicola L , Sun Guangyun , Cheng Hong , Naseri Take , Reupena Muagututi‘a Sefuiva , Viali Satupa‘itea , Tuitele John , Major Tanya J , Miljkovic Iva , Merriman Tony R , Deka Ranjan , Weeks Daniel E , McGarvey Stephen T , Minster Ryan L 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe minor allele of a missense variant, rs373863828, inCREBRFis associated with higher body mass index (BMI), lower fasting glucose, and lower odds of type 2 diabetes. rs373863828 is common in Pacific Island populations (minor allele frequency (MAF) 0.096–0.259) but rare in non-Pacific Island populations (MAF <0.001). We examined the cross-sectional associations between BMI and rs373863828 in type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose with a large sample of adults of Polynesian ancestries from Samoa, American Samoa, and Aotearoa New Zealand, and estimated the direct and indirect (via BMI) effects of rs373863828 on type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose.Research design and methodsWe regressed type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose on BMI and rs373863828 stratified by obesity, regressed type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose on BMI stratified by rs373863828 genotype, and assessed the effects of rs373863828 on type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose with path analysis. The regression analyses were completed separately in four samples that were recruited during different time periods between 1990 and 2010 and then the results were meta-analyzed. All samples were pooled for the path analysis.ResultsAssociation of BMI with type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose may be greater in those without obesity (OR=7.77, p=0.015 and β=0.213, p=9.53×10−5, respectively) than in those with obesity (OR=5.01, p=1.12×10−9and β=0.162, p=5.63×10−6, respectively). We did not observe evidence of differences in the association of BMI with type 2 diabetes or fasting glucose by genotype. In the path analysis, the minor allele has direct negative (lower odds of type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose) and indirect positive (higher odds of type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose) effects on type 2 diabetes risk and fasting glucose, with the indirect effects mediated through adirectpositive effect of rs373863828 on BMI.ConclusionsThere may be a stronger effect of BMI on fasting glucose in Polynesian individuals without obesity than in those with obesity. Carrying the rs373863828 minor allele does not decouple higher BMI from higher odds of type 2 diabetes.
Factors associated with adherence to using removable cast walker treatment among patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers
Authors: Ababneh Anas , Finlayson Kathleen , Edwards Helen , Lazzarini Peter A 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAdherence to using knee-high offloading treatment is critical for healing diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFUs). However, few studies have investigated patients’ adherence to using knee-high offloading treatment. We aimed to investigate the levels and factors associated with adherence to using knee-high removable cast walker (RCW) treatment among patients with DFUs.Research design and methodsIn this multicenter cross-sectional study, we investigated adherence to using knee-high RCWs in 57 participants with DFUs. All participants were clinically examined for multiple sociodemographic, physiological, and psychosocial factors. Each participant’s adherence level to using RCWs was then objectively measured using dual activity monitors (attached to the wrist and RCW) over a 1-week period. Multiple linear regression was undertaken to determine those factors independently associated with adherence levels.ResultsThe mean adherence level to using RCWs was 33.6% (SD 16.5) of weight-bearing activity. Factors independently associated with lower adherence levels were being male, longer diabetes duration, not having peripheral artery disease (PAD), and having higher perceived RCW heaviness (p≤0.05). No associations were found with psychosocial factors.ConclusionsPatients with DFUs adhered to using their RCWs on average for only a third of their prescribed weight-bearing treatment duration. Factors linked to lower RCW adherence levels were being male, longer diabetes duration, not having PAD, and perceived heavier RCWs. These findings highlight the importance of using gold standard non-removable knee-high offloading device treatment. Furthermore, these findings suggest, when gold standard devices are containdicated, that these factors be considered when prescribing the second choice RCW offloading treatment to optimise adherence. Regardless, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these factors.
SafeSpace: what is the feasibility and acceptability of a codesigned virtual reality intervention, incorporating compassionate mind training, to support people undergoing cancer treatment in a clinical setting?
Authors: O'Gara Geraldine , Murray Lisa , Georgopoulou Sofia , Anstiss Tim , Macquarrie Andrew , Wheatstone Pete , Bellman Barbie , Gilbert Paul , Steed Anthony , Wiseman Theresa 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThe SafeSpace study codesigned and tested a virtual reality (VR) intervention, incorporating relaxation and compassionate mind training to determine acceptability/feasibility in an oncology setting and evaluate impact on physical/psychological well-being and quality of life.DesignA two-phase study. Phase I determined key characteristics using an experienced-based codesign approach. Phase II evaluated the intervention using various measures and qualitative interviews in a mixed methods approach. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse measures data and framework analysis to analyse interviews.SettingA specialist cancer centre, UK.Participants11 in phase I and 21 in phase II. Participants were in cancer treatment, recovery or palliative care.Primary and secondary outcomePrimary outcome: acceptability of the intervention, assessed by >60% uptake of three sessions. Secondary outcomes: impact on psychological well-being using EQ-5D/QLQ-C30, Profile of Mood Scale, Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, Depression and Anxiety Severity Scale 21, Self-Compassion Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and a locally developed questionnaire to capture self-compassion post use. Physiological impact was assessed by change in heart rate (HR)/HR variability and electrodermal activity (EDA).ResultsTwenty participants (mean age=48.7 years; SD=16.87); 65% (n=13) completed three sessions. Mental well-being improved following each use and from baseline to after session 3 (VR 1—z=2.846, p≤0.01; VR 2—z=2.501, p≤0.01; VR 3—z=2.492, p≤0.01). There was statistically significant difference in mean scores for EDA at mid-session and post session compared with pre session (F (1.658, 4.973)=13.364, p<0.05). There was statistically significant reduction in stress levels from baseline to post session 3. Participants found the intervention acceptable and highlighted areas for development.ConclusionThe intervention is acceptable and feasible and has shown positive effects on mental well-being/stress in the oncology setting. Larger studies are needed to confirm findings.