bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application Analysis of 5G Intelligent Communication Technologies in the Field of Sports Distance Education
Authors: Zhang Yuanfeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
China has entered a new era of fifth generation (5G)technology, college students are relatively quick to accept new things, and the traditional teaching mode cannot fully stimulate students’ interest in sports activities. Therefore, the 5G integrated teaching mode based on communication technology is an inevitable trend of sports distance education curriculum reform. Technologyand sports have been deeply intertwined for a long time. However, new opportunities are now rapidly expanding on the Internet, and the result is a huge data.This paper proposes a novel 5G framework for an efficient sports distance education. Initially, the sports dataset is preprocessed using normalization. The features are extracted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then, feature selection process is done. Classification is done using Hierarchical Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Network (HM-CNN). The 5G network is initialized using Enhanced Transmission Control Protocol (E-TCP) for an efficient data transmission. The performance of the proposed system is improved by Elevated Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (EACO). Using MATLAB simulation tool, we analyze and compare the performance of the proposed system with the existing methodologies. The results show that the experimental results of 5G integrated teaching reform based on communication technology show that the teaching reform experiment can effectively increase the number of college students’ sports population
Uncovering novel MHC alleles from RNA-Seq data: Expanding the spectrum of MHC class I alleles in sheep
Authors: Buitkamp Johannes 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I glycoproteins present selected peptides or antigens to CD8+ T cells that control the cytotoxic immune response. The MHC class I genes are among the most polymorphic loci in the vertebrate genome, with more than 20tsd alleles known in humans. In sheep, only a very small number of alleles have been described to date, making the development of typing systems or functional studies difficult. A cost-effective way to identify new alleles could be to use already available RNA-Seq data from sheep. Current strategies for aligning RNA-Seq reads against annotated genome sequences or transcriptomes fail to detect the majority of class I alleles. Here, I combine the alignment of RNA-Seq reads against a specific reference database with de novo assembly to identify alleles. The method allows the comprehensive discovery of novel MHC class I alleles from RNA-Seq data (DinoMfRS).
Results
Using DinoMfRS, virtually all expressed MHC class I alleles could be determined. From 16 sheep a total of 61 sheep MHC class I alleles were identified, of which 53 were previously unknown. In addition, it was shown that DinoMfRS can be used to improve the annotation of MHC genes in the sheep genome sequence.
Conclusions
DinoMfRS solved the problem of annotating MHC genes from NGS data. Successful application to RNA-Seq data from 16 animals has approximately doubled the number of known alleles in sheep. By using existing data, alleles can now be determined very inexpensively for populations that have not been well studied. In addition, MHC expression studies or evolutionary studies, for example, can be greatly improved in this way, and the method should be applicable to a broader spectrum of other multigene families or highly polymorphic genes.
Sustainable refining of vegetable oil made easy with a designer phospholipase C enzyme
Authors: Val Diego S. , Marchisio Fiorela , Nardo Luisina Di , Peiru Salvador , Aguirre Andres , Abriata Luciano A. , Palacios Luis , Rasia Rodolfo M. , Castelli Maria E. , Menzella Hugo G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Enzymes are extraordinary catalysts and a preferred tool for green chemistry, but they have not evolved to tolerate the harsh conditions required in large-scale chemical processes, making the replacement of inorganic catalysts extremely expensive in most cases. However, the continuous knowledge generated by protein engineers helps to realize the promise of using biocatalysts to address critical environmental and industrial challenges. The increasing demand for food and biofuels pressures the vegetable oil industry to continuously improve its manufacturing efficiency and at the same time mitigate the environmental pollution caused by the refineries. Enzymatic degumming is a key enabling technology to obtain cleaner and more efficient methods, but advanced enzymes are needed for widespread adoption. Here, we present an enzymatic degumming process based on chPLC, a synthetic phospholipase C with remarkable thermal stability and catalytic properties. The process developed does not require modifications in current soybean oil factories, avoiding upfront investments, and is four times faster than the enzymatic processes available in the market. A techno-economic analysis predicts a ~ 60% cost reduction for a base-case scenario, establishing the largely expected conditions to promote the global adoption of enzymatic oil degumming by refineries of all sizes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the application of a synthetic enzyme designed to address an industrial need having an impact on both the global economy and the environment, in the billion-dollar range.
A dynamic comprehensive mathematical model for Malthusian principles
Authors: Ji Yichen , Ji Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Malthusian Trap is a mechanism that describes how population growth suppresses the average income in the pre-industrial human history. Studies of the pre-industrial world demonstrated the staggering effect of the average income worldwide. From the original Malthusian literature,"The perpetual tendency in the race of man to increase beyond the means of subsistence is one of the general laws of animated nature which we can have no reason to expect will change.", the tendency to "increase beyond the means of subsistence" is an axiom of the Malthusian Trap mechanism. The the tendency to "increase beyond the means of subsistence" can also be understand as increase the birth rate as high as possible. On the other hand, the birth rate is observed to be decreasing drastically in modern society. The Demographic transition theory demonstrate this transition from high-birth-high-death to low-birth-low-death over economical development. This paper developed a comprehensive mathematical model that tries explain the high-birth tendency and the transition from high-birth-high-death states to low-birth-low-death states. In the model, 3 fundamental elimination processes are demonstrated. 1) The High-Birth-Elimination explains the tendency to increasing birth rate; 2) the Low-Average-Elimination forces decreasing living condition; and 3) the High-Quota-Elimination based on extra resource force gain access to extra resources for creatures or economical developments for human being. The elimination process demonstrated two drastically different situation. Under Malthusian trap, the average income decreased as low as possible while birth rate is pushed as high as possible. Out of Malthusian trap, the average income growth rate is pushed high by decreasing birth rate. The model draws a necessary and sufficient condition between the Malthusian trap and the elimination processes, thus explained the transition from high-birth-high-death to low-birth-low-death based on escaping Malthusian trap.
The reliability analysis based on the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy two-parameter Pareto distribution
Authors: roohanizadeh Zahra , Jamkhaneh Ezzatallah Baloui , Deiri Einolah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the two-parameter Pareto lifetime distribution is considered with vague shape and scale parameters, where parameters are set as generalized intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. A new LR type intuitionistic fuzzy number is introduced, and cuts of the new fuzzy set are provided. The generalized intuitionistic fuzzy reliability characteristics such as reliability, conditional reliability, hazard rate and mean time to failure functions are defined, along with the special case of the two-parameter Pareto generalized intuitionistic fuzzy reliability analysis. Furthermore, the series and parallel system reliability are evaluated by the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Finally, for certain cases of the fuzzy shape and scale parameters and cut set values, the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy reliability characteristics are provided and compared through several illustrative plots.MSC Classification: 03E72 , 90C05 , 90C70
Ridged twin boundaries as prolific dislocation sources in high-entropy alloys and other low stacking-fault energy metals
Authors: Yu Qian , Fu Xiaoqian , Ding Jun , Ozsoy-Keskinbora Cigdem , Yang Guang , Chen Yujie , Fang Yan , Park Eun Soo , Zhang Ze , Ritchie Robert , Ma En 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dislocation activities play an important role in mediating plastic deformation, even in metals that are prone to deformation twinning. Combining multi-scale and in situ electron microscope characterizations, here we report a discovery of a unique type of dislocation sources that are particularly fertile in low stacking-fault energy materials, including CrCoNi-based high-entropy alloys and twinning-induced plasticity steel. These sources reside on nano-sized ridges, which form strings along the borders between different twin variants to accommodate the multiple twinning relationships. Upon plastic deformation, such ridge-twin structures act as an effective dislocation generator, from which dislocations are emitted into the coherent twin boundaries or cross slip into the interior of grains. At larger strain, the incoherent boundaries of the nano-sized ridge-twins emit partial dislocations to mediate deformation twinning as well. Molecular dynamic simulations indicate that the formation of nano-sized ridge-twin structures is energetically favorable at the junctions between multiple twins, explaining why such structures are ubiquitously populous in the twinned architectures that are commonplace in the several low stacking-fault energy materials that we investigated. These results shed light on understanding the origin of dislocation plasticity in low stacking-fault energy metals and alloys including those known for twinning-induced plasticity.
Spray electrolyte plasma polishing of GH3536 superalloy manufactured by selective laser melting
Authors: Wu Yuliang , Wang Lei , Zhao Jiyuan , Zhang Chao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper deals with the studies on spray electrolyte plasma polishing (SEPP) of the GH3536 superalloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The theoretical operation of SEPP is shown. The GH3536 superalloy plate manufactured by SLM is used as the experimental specimen. The regularity of surface roughness on cathode feed velocity is presented. Key parameters, like distance between anode and cathode, voltage, temperature and flow rate of the electrolyte are investigated. The surface roughness, micro morphology and chemical composition of the specimen before and after polishing are detected. SEPP technology is found to decrease the surface roughness from Ra = 13.93 µm to 0.107 µm, and the specimen is smooth and bright without obvious processing traces. The oxides and other impurities on the surface of the specimen are removed, and the contents of Ni, Cr and Fe increase. The SEPP technology proposed in this paper, as a new green and efficient surface finishing technology, has the potential for further development.
Nucleotide imbalance driven by dTMP hydrolysis by cytosolic thymidylate 5'-phosphohydrolase induces apoptosis in metabolically vulnerable TNBC Cells
Authors: Kim Dae-Ho , Kim Jin-Sook , Mok Chang-Soo , Chang En-Hyung , Choi Jiwon , Lim Junsup , Kim Chul-Ho , Park Ah-Reum , Bae Yu-Jeong , Koo Bong-Seong , Lee Hyeon-Cheol 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Immunotherapy has a number of advantages over traditional anti-tumor therapy but can cause severe adverse reactions due to an overactive immune system. In contrast, a novel metabolic treatment approach can induce metabolic vulnerability through multiple cancer cell targets. Here, we show a therapeutic effect by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TNBC cells, by treating with cytosolic thymidylate 5'-phosphohydrolase (CT). We show that a sustained consumption of dTMP by CT could induce dNTP imbalance, leading to apoptosis as TCA intermediates were depleted to mitigate this imbalance. These cytotoxic effects appeared to be different, depending on substrate specificity of the 5’ nucleotide or metabolic dependency of the cancer cell lines. Using representative TNBC cell lines, we reveal how the TNBC cells were affected by CT-transfection through ECAR/OCR analysis and differential transcription/expression levels. We suggest a novel approach for treating refractory TNBC by an mRNA drug that can exploit metabolic dependencies to exacerbate cell metabolic vulnerability.
Multi-ethnic, phenome-wide association of complement component 4 variation with psychiatric and brain developmental phenotypes in youth
Authors: Hernandez Leanna M. , Kim Minsoo , Zhang Pan , Bethlehem Richard A.I. , Hoftman Gil , Loughnan Robert , Smith Diana , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Fan Chun Chieh , Bearden Carrie E. , Thompson Wesley K. , Gandal Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Increased expression of the complement component 4A (C4A) gene is associated with greater lifetime risk of schizophrenia. In the brain, C4A is involved in synaptic pruning; yet, it remains unclear the extent to which upregulation of C4A alters brain development or is associated with risk for psychotic symptoms in childhood. Here, we performed a multi-ethnic phenome-wide association study in 7,789 children aged 9-12 years to examine the relationship between genetically-regulated expression (GREx) of C4A, childhood brain structure, cognition, and psychiatric symptoms. Results: While C4A GREx was not related to childhood psychotic experiences, cognition, or global measures of brain structure, it was associated with a localized reduction in regional surface area (SA) of the entorhinal cortex. Furthermore, we show that reduced entorhinal cortex SA at 9-10 years predicts greater number and severity of psychosis-like events at 1-year and 2-year follow-up timepoints. We also demonstrate that the effects of C4A on the entorhinal cortex are independent of genome-wide polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Conclusions: Our results suggest neurodevelopmental effects of C4A on childhood medial temporal lobe structure, which may serve as a biomarker for schizophrenia risk prior to symptom onset.
Developing of a Total Knee Arthroplasty Simulator in the COVID-19 Era: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Attar Mojtaba Khajeh Alizadeh , Maghbouli Nastaran , Same Kaveh , Vosoughi Fardis , Nikkhah Amirabbas , Ghaffari Amir , Foroughi Najmeh , Ershadi Farhoud Saeid , Zanjani Leila Oryadi , Nabian Mohammad Hossein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Surgery simulators have gained popularity in medical education during recent decades especially following COVID-19 pandemics. This study was designed to find the most effective and applicable model for development of total knee arthroplasty surgery simulator.
Method
The protocol of this study is evaluated and confirmed by Tehran university of Medical Sciences research committee (No: 52841-101-1-1400) in March 2021. This is a qualitative study using focus group discussion (FGD) for data gathering. Three FGDs were performed through online platform. Eligible five orthopedics residents, four fellowship trainees, and seven university professors from 3 different university hospitals were interviewed.
Results
The main domains of discussion were the necessity of a TKA simulator, virtual vs. physical model, bone and soft tissue characteristics, and the feedback system. 12% of participants (2 senior residents) said a virtual model has more advantages than a physical one while the other two thought physical model is more applicable. 12% of them (One senior resident and a fellowship trainee) suggested a mixed model would be more useful. The essential parts of the TKA simulator were mainly addressed by fellowship trainees focusing on presence of foot, ankle and hip in the model and inclusion of vital soft tissue elements and ligaments and tendons (especially collateral ligaments). Gap balancing was noticed as a crucial part by 40% of participants (senior residents and fellowships). To improve the simulator, participants suggested that it should have a modular design with sensors to alarm any damage to vital elements and feedbacks given during the procedures.
Conclusion
Through this study, the participants highlighted the most important parts of hard and soft tissues in the model, as well as the fundamental points in designing the TKA simulator.
Multi-LSTM: A Multiscale Long Short-Term Memory-Based Framework for Predicting Time-Series Transcriptomic Gene Expression
Authors: Zhou Ying , Jia Erteng , Shi Huajuan , Liu Zhiyu , Sheng Yuqi , Pan Min , Tu Jing , Ge Qinyu , Lu Zuhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
RNA degradation can significantly affect the results of gene expression profiling, with subsequent analysis failing to faithfully represent the initial gene expression level. It is urgent to have an artificial intelligence approach to better utilize the limited data to obtain meaningful and reliable analysis results in the case of data with missing destination time. In this study, we propose a method based on signal decomposition technique and deep learning, named Multi-LSTM. It is divided into two main modules, one decomposes the collected gene expression sequences by empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm to obtain a series of subsequences with different frequencies to improve data stability and reduce modeling complexity. The other is based on long short-term memory (LSTM) as the core predictor, aiming to deeply explore the temporal nonlinear relationships embedded in the subsequences. Finally, the prediction results of subsequences are reconstructed to obtain the final prediction results of time-series transcriptomic gene expression. The results show that EMD can efficiently reduce the nonlinearity of the original sequences, which provides a reliable theoretical support to reduce the complexity and improve the robustness of LSTM models. Overall, the decomposition-combination prediction framework can effectively predict gene expression levels at unknown time points.
The effect of preoperative sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on the incidence of perioperative metabolic acidosis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Iwasaki Yudai , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Horikita Sho , Furukawa Taku , Shiotsuka Junji , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Sanui Masamitsu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-is) are a novel class of anti-hyperglycemic agents. Although several cases of perioperative euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis have been linked to these medications, the association remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between SGLT2-i use and the incidence of perioperative metabolic acidosis with euglycemia, the surrogating outcome of perioperative euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.
Methods
This was a retrospective, matched cohort study, which was conducted in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care facility in Japan. We identified patients aged 20 years or older with diabetes mellitus who received pharmacologic therapy and were admitted to the intensive care unit after elective surgery between April 2014 and March 2019. We extracted the following data from the electronic medical records for matching: age, sex, surgery year, surgical site, hemoglobin A1c level, and prescription for SGLT2-is. Eligible patients were divided into two groups, those who were prescribed SGLT2-is (SGLT2-I group) and those who were not (control group). For each patient in the SGLT2-i group, we randomly selected four patients from the control group matched for the extracted characteristics. The primary outcome was the incidence of metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap and euglycemia. The secondary outcome was the lowest pH value of each patient during their intensive care unit stay.
Results
A total of 155 patients were included in this study. Patients receiving SGLT2-is had comparable characteristics to the control participants; however, the proportions of patients undergoing dialysis were not similar. Metabolic acidosis with euglycemia was seen in 7/31 (22.6%) patients receiving SGLT2-is and in 10/124 (8.1%) control patients (p = 0.047).
Conclusions
This study shows that the use of SGLT2-is is associated with a significantly higher incidence of metabolic acidosis with euglycemia. Patients receiving SGLT2-is who are scheduled to undergo invasive surgical procedures should be closely monitored for the development of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.
miR-582-5p regulates cell stemness and recurrence in bladder cancer via targeting CD81
Authors: Xie Tianlei , Zhang Zhongqing , Cao Wenmin , Chen Wei , Guo Hongqian , Zhuang Junlong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous stem cell disease. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the drivers of tumor growth and recurrence, with the ability to self-renew, metastasize, and resist chemotherapy. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of CSCs driving BC recurrence and progression remains unclear.Objective: To explore the underlying molecular mechanism of CSCs driving BC recurrence and progression.Methods: Tumor xenograft model in vivo was established after 4-6-week-old male nude mice were subcutaneously injected with 5×106 of T24 and 5637 cells in 0.1 mL 50% Matrigel. Pearson correlation analysis analyzed the correlation between miR-582-5p and CD81, and which was furtherly verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Sphere formation assay, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR and Western blot were carried to examine sphere formation, ALDHhigh populations, the level of genes and proteins. Multivariate analysis was carried to explore the factors associated with recurrence free survival of BC patients.Results: MiR-582-5p was down-regulated in patients with BC, and miR-582-5p overexpression negatively correlated with BC stemness. Mechanically, miR-582-5p negatively targeted to CD81. Functionally, miR-582-5p overexpression inhibited BC stemness and recurrence via targeting CD81.Conclusion: Our study illustrated that miR-582-5p inhibited cell stemness and recurrence via targeting CD81 in BC. Our findings illustrated the specific molecular mechanism of miR-582-5p inhibiting BC progression. MiR-582-5p may serve as the novel biomarker for BC clinical therapeutics and prognosis.
Undiagnosed butyrylcholinesterase deficiency: a train of four ratio conundrum following the use of succinylcholine and a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant
Authors: Wong Patrick , Ashby Oliver 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We describe a rapid sequence induction with succinylcholine in a patient with undiagnosed butyrylcholinesterase deficiency. Vecuronium was administered without confirmation of recovery from succinylcholine. At the end of surgery, a train of four (TOF) ratio of 68% was obtained. Neostigmine administration was associated with inadequate reversal, erroneously perceived failure of neuromuscular monitoring, and premature awakening and extubation. Subsequent sugammadex resulted in an increased block. Administration of succinylcholine in patients with undiagnosed butyrylcholinesterase deficiency results in a prolonged block. Attempted neostigmine reversal is unpredictable and unreliable as the presence of TOF fade does not predict reversibility.