bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial Fibrillation Detection With an Analog Smartwatch: Prospective Clinical Study and Algorithm Validation
Authors: Campo David , Elie Valery , de Gallard Tristan , Bartet Pierre , Morichau-Beauchant Tristan , Genain Nicolas , Fayol Antoine , Fouassier David , Pasteur-Rousseau Adrien , Puymirat Etienne , Nahum Julien 
Published: April 2022

Background
Atrial fibrillation affects approximately 4% of the world’s population and is one of the major causes of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and cardiovascular morbidity. It can be difficult to diagnose when asymptomatic or in the paroxysmal stage, and its natural history is not well understood. New wearables and connected devices offer an opportunity to improve on this situation.

Objective
We aimed to validate an algorithm for the automatic detection of atrial fibrillation from a single-lead electrocardiogram taken with a smartwatch.

Methods
Eligible patients were recruited from 4 sites in Paris, France. Electrocardiograms (12-lead reference and single lead) were captured simultaneously. The electrocardiograms were reviewed by independent, blinded board-certified cardiologists. The sensitivity and specificity of the algorithm to detect atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm were calculated. The quality of single-lead electrocardiograms (visibility and polarity of waves, interval durations, heart rate) was assessed in comparison with the gold standard (12-lead electrocardiogram).

Results
A total of 262 patients (atrial fibrillation: n=100, age: mean 74.3 years, SD 12.3; normal sinus rhythm: n=113, age: 61.8 years, SD 14.3; other arrhythmia: n=45, 66.9 years, SD 15.2; unreadable electrocardiograms: n=4) were included in the final analysis; 6.9% (18/262) were classified as Noise by the algorithm. Excluding other arrhythmias and Noise, the sensitivity for atrial fibrillation detection was 0.963 (95% CI lower bound 0.894), and the specificity was 1.000 (95% CI lower bound 0.967). Visibility and polarity accuracies were similar (1-lead electrocardiogram: P waves: 96.9%, QRS complexes: 99.2%, T waves: 91.2%; 12-lead electrocardiogram: P waves: 100%, QRS complexes: 98.8%, T waves: 99.5%). P-wave visibility accuracy was 99% (99/100) for patients with atrial fibrillation and 95.7% (155/162) for patients with normal sinus rhythm, other arrhythmias, and unreadable electrocardiograms. The absolute values of the mean differences in PR duration and QRS width were <3 ms, and more than 97% were <40 ms. The mean difference between the heart rates from the 1-lead electrocardiogram calculated by the algorithm and those calculated by cardiologists was 0.55 bpm.

Conclusions
The algorithm demonstrated great diagnostic performance for atrial fibrillation detection. The smartwatch’s single-lead electrocardiogram also demonstrated good quality for physician use in daily routine care.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04351386; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04351386
At-home aerobic exercise improves functional ability of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with limited exercise options
Authors: Harris Daniel 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Neuberger GB, Aaronson LS, Gajewski B, et al. Predictors of exercise and effects of exercise on symptoms, function, aerobic fitness, and disease outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57(6):943-952. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22903
and its application for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Higher efficacy in the treatment of fibromyalgia with duloxetine and pregabalin combination than monotherapy
Authors: Rose-Kamprath Joel 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Gilron I, Chaparro LE, Tu D, et al. Combination of pregabalin with duloxetine for fibromyalgia. Pain. 2016;157(7):1532–1540. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000558
for a patient with chronic pain due to fibromyalgia.
A More Positive View of Slavery: Establishing Servile Identity in the Christian Assemblies
Authors: NORDLING JOHN G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recent scholarship calls attention to violence, sexual exploitation, and other indignities experienced by slaves. For most slaves in the Christian assemblies, however, the abuses associated with slavery were not an issue, and so slavery functioned as the place where countless servile believers demonstrated their faith in Christ by serving the neighbor. Three subpoints support the basic position: (1) Paul called himself a slave repeatedly to form an identity with epistolary audiences, large portions of which were servile; (2) directives to slaves to endure suffering for doing good (1 Pet 2:18–21) were paradigmatic for all Christians, not just slaves; and (3) Jesus' death by crucifixion (servile supplicium = "the slaves' punishment") was presented as the common experience of every Christian, not just slaves. Since slaves were the ones for whom much parenesis was intended originally, the argument can be made that biblical slavery remains pertinent for its applicability to Christian vocation.
The Use (or Abuse) of Power in High Places: Gifts Given and Received in Isaiah, Psalm 68, and Ephesians 4:8
Authors: WILDER WILLIAM N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Explanations for Paul's apparent misquotation of Ps 68:18 in Eph 4:8 abound. I contend that, reading Psalm 68 against an Isaianic backdrop, Paul believed the finale of that psalm (Ps 68:34–35; LXX 67:35–36) to give scriptural expression to the divine gifts of power and might that he saw operative among those who were united to Christ. In Eph 4:8, Paul then employs an adaptive paraphrase of Ps 68:18 (LXX 67:19) to sum up important aspects of the exaltation of Christ in terms drawn from the larger context of that psalm. This in turn evokes a larger Isaianic storyline in which the victory of God and his enthronement (as the Divine Warrior) are replicated in his Messiah and, ultimately, in those believers in whom his Spirit of counsel and might is at work.
Produkcyjność zbiorowisk trawiastych użytkowanych kośnie i pastwiskowo na trwałych i przemiennych użytkach zielonych
Authors: Harasim Józefa 
Published: April 2022

The objective of the study was to determine the yields and forage value of permanent grasslands – meadow and pasture – and of grass leys– used either as hay or for grazing. Fivecomponent mixtures with meadow fescue (40%), perennial ryegrass (30%), timothy, cocksfoot, kentucky bluegrass (10% each) that differed for the purpose of their component varieties – either for hay or for grazing were sown in 1998 as ley. In their full production years (1999–2002) they were compared for yield and crop quality with permanent grasslands – a meadow and a pasture. Four harvests of the sward were made each year. The pasture mixture and the permanent pasture were grazed by dairy cattle. An area destined for grazing was 450 m2. The yield was measured based on test cuts into an area of 22.5 m2. Sward density, dry matter yield and nutritional value of the forage as well as utilization of the pasture by dairy cows were determined in the study. Weather conditions in the study period were characterized by highly variable rainfall and air temperature. Sward density was found to vary with kind of grassland, permanent pasture was characterized by higher density than the pasture ley. The yield and crop quality of the hay mixture was comparable to the output of the permanent grassland, whereas the permanent grassland gave better yields then the pasture mixture ley. Likewise, the indigestion of the forage by dairy cows from the permanent grassland was better. Permanent grasslands, especially the pasture, were assessed to be more reliable sources of forage, especially during variable weather conditions, than more vulnerable leys.
Wykorzystanie chlorofilu do oceny pobrania i strawności składników pokarmowych na pastwisku
Authors: Lipiec Antoni , Skałecka Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

Two experiments involving 8 adult ewes were carried out. In experiment No. 1 the sheep were fed exclusively on the pasture, whereas in the second experiment the green forage was supplied to sheep individually in feeding racks, to compare the roughage intake values to the results obtained using markers-based evaluation. In the studies, the double indicator method was applied, using the following markers: internal – chlorophyll and external – chromium oxide (Cr2O3). To evaluate potential changes of chlorophyll concentration in the samples, it was established three times: directly after sample collection, in the sample chilled to 0–4 centigrade and in the frozen sample. The average amount of dry matter consumed by all the sheep, established by weighing did not differ significantly from the amount assessed on the basis of chlorophyll A. The differences between the dry matter consumption related to 1 kg of BW0,75 in the experiments No. 1 and No. 2 resulted from the experimental animals weight gain during the studies. The sensitivity of chlorophyll A as a marker helpful for nutrients digestibility trials was also satisfactory. It stems from directional changes of digestibility coefficients, related to changes in the chemical composition of examined pasture roughage.
Dynamika rozwoju Festulolium braunii na tle zróżnicowanych warunków glebowych
Authors: Lipińska Halina , Kulik Mariusz 
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the initial development of Festulolium brauni on mineral and organic soils and sown in a pure sowing and in mixtures with Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Festuca pratensis and Lolium perenne. Studies were carried out in 2002–2003 on the basis of pot experiments. After prepering mediums the, Festulolium seeds were sown in pure sowing as well as in mixtures. Festulolium braunii emergence, dynamics of the growth, tillering intensity and dry matter yields were evaluated in the experiments. The dynamics of Festulolium development varied depending on a species included into a mixture. The significant highest emergence on both soils studied was recorded in the objects with monocultures, whereas the poorest in the mixture with F. pratensis and Ph. pratense on the organic substrate as well as with P. pratensis and Ph. pretense on the mineral. The investigations showed the highest yielding of the monotypic mixtures and pointed to the fact that Festulolium crop yield was limited in the greatest part by F. pratensis on organic soil, while by L. perenne on mineral one. The initial development of Festulolium in the studies performed was differentiated, depending on a substrate type, too.
Dynamika plonowania łąki podgórskiej w zależności od rodzaju nawożenia
Authors: Kasperczyk Mirosław , Kacorzyk Piotr 
Published: April 2022

The investigations were conducted in the years of 1997–2004 on the permanent meadow of Holcus lanatus with Arrhenatherum elatius type in the piedmont region. The assessment involved fertilization strength of manure with regard to mineral fertilizers. Botanical composition of the sward, dry matter yields as well as total nitrogen content were subject to the estimation. Mineral components provided with the manure dose of 12.5 t ha-1 were characterized with the highest yielding action. In this case the growth of dry matter yield and the total nitrogen content per 1 kg of PKN was higher than for mineral fertilization by 30 and 14%, respectively. On the other hand, the effect of manure in a dose of 25 t ha-1 per 1 kg PKN was on average 12% lower than the effect of mineral fertilization. Two groups of years were distinguished on the basis of the meadow yielding dynamics. The first group involved dryer years characterised by lower values of dry matter yields as well as total protein level by 19–29% and 10–35% (respectively) in comparison to the years favourable for grass growth. Lack of sufficient moisture had the most negative effect on the sward fertilized with manure, especially where the higher dose of it was used.
Theoretical Prediction of Mechanical Properties of BxAl1−xSb Ternary Semiconducting Alloys
Authors: Mezouar R. , Bioud N. , Rekab-Djabri H. , Beloufa N. , Rouabah Z. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present work aims to predict the elastic constants and other significant properties of ordered BxAl1-xSb (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) ternary semiconducting alloys. We report the initial results of the elastic stiffness constants, the bulk modulus, the aggregate shear modulus, the Cauchy ratio, the aggregate Young’s modulus, the Born ratio, the isotropy factor, the fracture toughness and the longitudinal, transverse and average sound velocities. The Debye temperature and the melting point were also predicted using two different empirical expressions. Except the Cauchy ratio, which decreases with enhancing boron content x, all other physical quantities of BxAl1-xSb alloys increase gradually and monotonically with increasing of boron concentration x in the range 0-1.
Our obtained data for BSb and AlSb binary semiconducting compounds are discussed and analyzed in comparison with experimental and other theoretical values of the literature. Generally, our data for BSb and AlSb are in good agreement with other results reported previously in literature. Indeed, our obtained value (335.82 K) of the Debye temperature for AlSb compound overestimates the result (328.6 K) reported by Salehi et al. by around 2.03%, while that (1520 K) of the melting point for BSb overestimates the result (1500 K) reported recently by Bioud et al. by around 1.34%. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no theoretical or experimental data were reported in the literature on the elastic constants and other properties for BxAl1-xSb alloys to compare with them.
Novelties in Ovine Assisted Reproductive Technologies – A Review
Authors: Dovenski Toni , Trojacanec Plamen , Atanasov Branko , Nikolovski Martin , Petkov Vladimir , Popovska-Percinic Florina , Dovenska Monika , Grizelj Juraj , Vince Silvijo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) as a part of assisted reproductive technologies represents the oldest and most widespread method used to accelerate genetic progress in all domestic animals. After its first implementation in ovine reproduction and almost 80 years afterward, AI is continuously used for improving the genetic merit, utilizing either fresh or short-time chilled semen. Nevertheless, regardless of the semen used for insemination, the conception rate (CR) is still lower in comparison to natural service. At least two factors are commonly thought to limit the success of the AI and reduce the CR: (1) failure of placing the semen directly into the uterus due to the specific anatomic structure of the ewe’s cervix; (2) lower viability of ram spermatozoa during cryopreservation (<30% progressively motile spermatozoa after thawing). This review elaborates on recent studies that aimed to achieve acceptable CR through the implementation of cervical or intrauterine insemination: deep intracervical, intrauterine trans-cervical, and intracornual. Several hormonal treatments (oxytocin, estrogen, or prostaglandin) were evaluated on inducing cervical dilation that facilitates insemination. A comprehensive analysis was given to the effects of several antioxidants (GSSG, GSH, and cysteine) supplemented in ram semen-freezing media. Sex-sorted ram semen fertility rate results were presented from our studies.
A New Method for the Rapid Synthesis of Gas Hydrates for their Storage and Transportation
Authors: Pavlenko Anatoliy M. , Koshlak Hanna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This presents the analysis of the main reasons for a significant decrease in the intensity of diffusion processes during formation of gas hydrates; solutions to this problem are proposed in a new process flow diagram for the continuous synthesis of gas hydrates. The physical processes, occurring at corresponding stages of the process flow are described in detail. In the proposed device, gas hydrate is formed at the boundary of gas bubbles immersed in cooled water. The dynamic effects arising at the bubble boundary contribute to destruction of a forming gas hydrate structure, making it possible to renew the contact surface and ensure efficient heat removal from the reaction zone. The article proposes an assessment technique for the main process parameters of the synthesis of gas hydrates based on the criterion of thermodynamic parameters optimization.
Comparative Study on Reliability Analysis of Cohesive Soil Slope using Subset Simulation and Other Methods
Authors: Kar Saurav Shekhar , Roy Lal Bahadur 
Published: April 2022

In geotechnical engineering, uncertainties arise due to variation in loads, soil characteristics, ground stratification and so on. Reliability analysis based on probabilistic approaches is particularly suitable to deal with such uncertainties. In this paper, a newly developed reliability analysis method, namely Subset simulation (SS) method has been implemented to study the stability of a cohesive slope. The results of reliability analysis obtained from SS method are also compared with three other methods, namely First order second moment method (FOSM), First order reliability method (FORM) and Direct Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) method. The various reliability models have been used in a spreadsheet environment using MS-Excel. The developed spreadsheet-based platform implementing all four methods contains two common models i.e. deterministic model and the uncertainty model. The SS method uses another model called uncertainty propagation using subset simulation (UPSS) in addition to the two above-mentioned models. The factor of safety of the slope is determined using ordinary method of slices under undrained condition. The probability of failure ( and its corresponding reliability index of the proposed slope has been determined using all four methods. A software called Geo-Studio (SLOPE/W) has been used to tally the results of reliability analysis of the slope considered herein. The results obtained from the different methods show that the SS method gives better performance in terms of efficiency and resolution especially at low failure probability i.e., . Also, the SS method helps in identifying the significant depth where the most probable critical slip surface is located.
Economía de la muerte y afrojuvenicidio en El Charco, pacífico nariñense.
Authors: Santana Perlaza Gustavo 
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo realiza una aproximación crítica y situada en los hechos, momentos y cotidianidades de las relaciones entre muerte violenta de las personas juvenizadas en El Charco, Pacífico nariñense, y la precarización de las poblaciones afrodescendientes. Usando principios de autobiografía y de etnografía, se ensamblan los procesos históricos de precarización de las vidas negras con el racismo estructural, dando origen a lo que denominaré afrojuvenicidio, una forma de violencia que objetiva, subjetiva y mata sistemáticamente las presencias, existencias y formas de ser de la población afrodescendiente en Colombia. A través de relatos biográficos se intenta describir las prácticas afrojuvenicidas en personas diversas y se procura reconocer las formas y los modus operandi de las intervenciones políticas que degradan la vida de la gente negra en el Pacífico nariñense.
Effect of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and consumption of diversified diets among families owning a home garden in northern Ghana
Authors: Saaka Mahama , Kizito Fred , Hoeschle-Zeledon Irmgard 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies are widely prevalent, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and this may be addressed by increased consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV). However, the consumption of FV in many households is below the recommended levels. Though home gardens have the potential to increase this, their mere ownership may not be sufficient to ensure an increased consumption of FV. However, home gardens coupled with nutrition education can help in improving household diets. In this study, we evaluated the apparent effect of an ongoing nutrition education intervention on nutrition related knowledge, attitudes, and consumption of diversified diets in households with home gardens in rural areas of Northern Ghana.
Methods: A community-based study using a posttest-only nonequivalent groups design was conducted in February 2021 on a sample of 232 rural households that have access to home gardens and with children aged 6 to 36 months. One group of households (n= 110) had been assigned to receive a nutrition education intervention and the other group (n= 122) served as a comparison. Mothers were interviewed regarding their child’s feeding practices while the fathers were interviewed on their knowledge and attitudes towards nutritional and health benefits of fruits and vegetables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between the major independent variable and the outcome variables of interest after adjusting for some of the confounding factors.
Results: After the nutrition education intervention had been ongoing for 7 months, the mean nutrition knowledge scores regarding appropriate child feeding practices in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the comparison group (28.33±6.60 versus 25.38±5.22), p = 0.009. Similarly mean nutrition-related attitudes (NRAs) towards childcare and feeding practices were higher in the intervention than the comparison group 31.70±2.32 versus (29.52±2.85), p < 0.001. Members in households owning a home garden and who also received nutrition education were 3.53 times more likely to consume vitamin A- rich fruits and vegetables [AOR = 3.53, (95% CI: 1.68 - 7.43)], compared with their counterparts which had only home gardens.
Conclusions: Nutrition education in households possessing home gardens appeared to result in significantly higher over-all nutrition knowledge and attitude scores among fathers. The intervention also improved actual consumption of fruits and vegetables in the households. This study contributes to the already existing evidence that joint nutrition education and home gardening have a positive effect on the consumption of diversified diets including FV in low-income countries.
Entre paredes, jardins, solários e salas de atividades: há bebês e crianças por aqui!
Authors: Lopes Jader Janer Moreira , Valentim Silvia Helena , Bogossian Thiago 
Published: April 2022

A produção da modernidade ocidental, fruto de movimentos coloniais iniciados em fins do século XV, foi marcada por um conjunto de ações que desenhariam as relações geopolíticas do mundo contemporâneo. O domínio das relações territoriais e econômicas foi acompanhado de outros processos, muitas vezes negligenciados e esquecidos, como a colonização dos saberes, das rotinas, a institucionalização da vida e outros, que se convergiram na própria colonialidade do ser. Nesse movimento, a dimensão espacial foi uma das facetas fundamentais. Com o objetivo de trazer reflexões que envolvem as relações das infâncias com o espaço institucionalizado, buscamos, com este artigo, contribuir com os debates que envolvem as questões curriculares para a Educação Infantil.