bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Hydrotherapy on Neuropathic Pain and Pain Catastrophization in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Pilot Trial Study
Authors: Campo Andrés Reyes , Pacichana-Quinayáz Sara Gabriela , Bonilla-Escobar Francisco Javier , Leiva-Pemberthy Luz Miriam , Tovar-Sánchez Maria Ana , Hernández-Orobio Olga Marina , Arango-Hoyos Gloria-Patricia , Mujanovic Adnan 
Published: April 2022

Background
Neuropathic pain (NP) is one of the most frequent spinal cord injury (SCI) complications. Pain, quality of life, and functionality are associated and can lead to pain catastrophization. Pharmacological management of patients with NP secondary to SCI is widely known and there is increasing evidence in the area. Nevertheless, nonpharmacological management is not fully elucidated since its efficacy is inconclusive.

Objective
We hypothesize that (1) hydrotherapy is effective in reducing NP secondary to SCI. Additionally, our secondary hypotheses are that (2) hydrotherapy decreases the catastrophization of NP, and that (3) hydrotherapy improves life quality and minimizes the degree of disability, when compared to physical therapy.

Methods
A sample of approximately 20 participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention (hydrotherapy) or control group (standard physical therapy). Both interventions will be administered twice a week over a 9-week period (18 sessions in total). Primary outcomes are changes in neuropathic pain perception and pain catastrophization. Secondary outcomes are changes in disability and quality of life scores. They will be assessed at baseline and follow-up at 4 weeks after discharge. Validated Spanish language scales that will be used are the following: Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Pain Catastrophization, Health-related Quality of life, and the World Health Organization’s Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Generalized mixed linear models will be used for comparing baseline and postintervention means of each group and their differences, together with 95% CIs and P values. A P value of less than .05 will be considered significant.

Results
Recruitment began in April 2019, and we recruited the last participants by December 2019, with 10 individuals assigned to hydrotherapy and 8 to physical therapy (control). Results from this study will be disseminated via scientific publication, in ClinicalTrials.gov, and in national and international conferences in the latter half of 2022.

Conclusions
This trial will explore the effects of hydrotherapy on neuropathic pain, together with functionality and quality of life, in patients with SCI. Furthermore, this study aims to evaluate these therapeutic modalities, including perception variables, and mental processes, which may affect the clinical condition and rehabilitation outcomes in these patients. Hydrotherapy is likely to be a safe, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to the current standard of care for NP secondary to SCI, with comparable results between the two.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04164810; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04164810

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/37255
Who owes? Class struggle, inequality and the political economy of leverage in the twenty-first century
Authors: Sgambati Stefano 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe prevalent consensus in critical social sciences is that finance articulates the world economy as a global hierarchy of creditor-debtor relations that reproduce and further aggravate existing income and wealth inequalities. Class struggle is correspondingly understood as a conflict between elite creditors, who are members of the global top 1% of wealth holders, and mass debtors, who are burdened by growing costs of servicing public and private debts. This article offers an alternative understanding of how debt, inequality and class relate to one another. At its basis is the recognition that over the past four decades, finance has empowered upper class borrowers, including the top 1%, as it has magnified their capacity to generate capital gains and capture greater wealth and income shares via levered-up investments and other forms of positioning in financial and property markets. The article thus provides a political economy of leverage as power, showing how contemporary global finance has not given shape to a distributional conflict between creditors and debtors as two distinct classes, but instead has set debtors against debtors, and namely the greater borrowers against the lesser ones.
Bitcoin and stone money: Anglophone use of Yapese economic cultures, 1910-2020
Authors: Walton Jo Lindsay 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecently parallels have been drawn between Bitcoin and Yapese stone money. This article focuses on Fitzpatrick and McKeon's (2019) exploration of similarities and differences. The analogy between Bitcoin and Yapese stone money is based on proposed commonalities that are inaccurate, ill-defined, and/or trivial. However, this does not signal a need to refine the comparison, but rather a need to reconsider the rationale for attempting it in the first place. Recent attempts to redefine Yapese stone money using terminology from the field of cryptocurrency reproduces a longer textual history in which writers from the Global North have misrepresented Yap for pedagogic or polemic convenience. Examples include works by William Furness III, John Maynard Keynes, Milton Friedman, and influential macroeconomics textbooks, such as N. Gregory Mankiw's Macroeconomics. This history features frequent colonialist tropes of Yap as well as the erasure of histories of colonial violence and power. More caution should be exercised in the study and pedagogic use of Yapese economic cultures, and greater effort should be made to center Yapese voices, acknowledge colonial contexts, and reflect positionality and uncertainty.
Renal replacement therapy may be initiated in patients with hepatorenal syndrome who are not transplant candidates
Authors: Donohue Laura 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Allegretti AS, Parada XV, Eneanya ND, et al. Prognosis of Patients with Cirrhosis and AKI Who Initiate RRT. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018;13(1):16-25. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03610417
for a patient being considered for RRT who was not yet a candidate for liver transplant.
Use of long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine as an alternative for treatment in HIV positive patients
Authors: Nirmalan Aravindh 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Mantsios A, Murray M, Karver TS, et al. Efficacy and Freedom: Patient Experiences with the Transition from Daily Oral to Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy to Treat HIV in the Context of Phase 3 Trials. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(12):3473-3481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02918-x
for a young adult patient struggling with adherence.
Determining the optimal exercise intensity level for adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder
Authors: Block C. James 
Published: April 2022

A clinical decision report using:
Helgadóttir B, Hallgren M, Ekblom Ö, Forsell Y. Training fast or slow? Exercise for depression: A randomized controlled trial. Prev Med. 2016;91:123-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.011
for a patient seeking an exercise regimen to help with depressive symptoms.
Current Issues in Biblical Theology: A New Testament Perspective
Authors: CARSON D. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiblical theology can be defined in a number of ways, corresponding in large measure with the diversity of ways in which the practice of biblical theology has developed since the expression was coined almost four centuries ago. In the taxonomy of definitions, the most useful entries are those that stress the distinctiveness of individual biblical corpora, while pressing towards a "gesamtbiblische Theologie." The conditions necessary for preparing such biblical theology are here articulated, and contemporary challenges to biblical theology are briefly classified and probed.
The Gender and Motives of the Wisdom Teacher in Proverbs 7
Authors: BELLIS ALICE OGDEN 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The assumption that objectivity is an illusion is often asserted as if it were objectively true. Nevertheless, it is true that male and female commentators sometimes allow gender based biases to hinder their attempts to understand biblical texts in their original contexts. Both gender based and western culture derived assumptions have adversely colored interpreters' understanding of the gender and motives of the wisdom teacher in Proverbs 7. This paper takes a fresh look at the issues and concludes that the teacher is a F(emale) voice whose strategy of changing men's sexual behavior is consistent with high female self esteem and, if successful, would have strengthened the entire community.
To What End Exegesis? Reflections on Exegesis and Spirituality in Philippians 4:10–20
Authors: FEE GORDON D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this lecture, which begins by tracing the author's pilgrimage as an evangelical NT scholar, is to urge that the ultimate aim of exegesis is the Spiritual one—to produce in our lives and the lives of others true Spirituality, in which God's people live in faithful fellowship both with one another and with the living God, and thus in keeping with God's purposes in the world. It is further argued, therefore, that the exegesis of the biblical texts belongs primarily in the context of the believing community who are the true heirs of these texts. These concerns are then illustrated by an exegesis of Phil 4:10–20, where it is argued that the predicates of friendship and orality not only make sense of this passage in its present placement in Philippians, but are intended likewise to lead the community into the climactic theology and doxology of 4:19–20 as the letter is read in their midst.
Peter's Pedagogical Method in 1 Peter 3:6
Authors: SPENCER AÍDA BESANÇON 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 1 Pet 3:6, Sarah's conduct exemplifies willing, Christ-like, vicarious suffering, while Abraham exemplifies a husband disobedient to the Word. This thesis is developed by a close exegetical study of the literary context (1 Peter) in light of its ancient Greco-Roman historical contexts and by finding the appropriate OT context (Gen 12:11–20). The findings are compared with some contemporary feminist concerns.
A Sociorhetorical Interpretation of Revelation 14:6–13: A Call to Act Justly toward the Just and Judging God
Authors: DESILVA DAVID A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sociorhetorical interpretation offers an integrated system of analysis promoting rich exploration of a biblical text in terms of its literary and rhetorical textures, its conversations with other available "texts," the social and cultural contexts of its audience, and the ideologies of author and interpreter. In this paper, Rev 14:6–13 is analyzed across the full spectrum of sociorhetorical interpretation in an attempt to discover at each level of the text how John leads his audiences to a certain perception of their surrounding world and how he persuades them to accept his guidance for their responses to that world.
Mission, Witness, and the Coming of the Spirit
Authors: O'BRIEN PETER T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Christian missionary movement is currently suffering something of a malaise, while the scriptural teaching on "mission," which might serve as a corrective to this weakness, has not been at the forefront of biblical studies. This essay examines the significance of Jesus' mission in Luke's Gospel and Acts 1–3 to determine if and how it may impact on our own mission and witness. During Jesus' earthly ministry the foundational mission in Luke was his own sending by God to Israel. The twelve and the seventy-two were intimately involved with him in his mission and played a key role. After his death and resurrection the way was opened for repentance and forgiveness of sins to be proclaimed in Jesus' name to all the nations. His mission was now effected by his "witnesses" bearing testimony to Israel (the twelve are the nucleus of the restored Israel), then to Judea and Samaria, and on to the end of the earth (Acts 1:8). Those gathered in Jerusalem for Pentecost represent "all Israel"; Peter's testimony was given to the people of God. Yet there are clear indications in the narrative of Acts 2 that the coming of the Spirit on a renewed and cleansed Israel would ultimately point forward to universal blessing. Those who have accepted the testimony of the apostolic eyewitnesses are themselves able to bear testimony to Jesus' death, resurrection, and the forgiveness of sins. The open-endedness of Acts reminds us of an unfinished task and encourages us to be committed to the ongoing missio Dei.
The Church's Progress to the Council of Jerusalem according to the Book of Acts
Authors: SCOTT, J. JULIUS 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The book of Acts portrays stages of the development of the self-awareness of primitive Christianity. The account has important sociological as well as theological implications for the study of Christian origins. Acts indicates that geographical and cultural expansion exposed and focused attention upon underlying causes of disputes and debates which were a part of the self-definition process. From focus upon "side issues" such as ritual and ethnic practice the church came to the realization that the real struggle lay in varying views of the Christian way of salvation and its relation to Judaism. It was these issues which made necessary the Council of Jerusalem of Acts 15.
Allegorically Speaking in Galatians 4:21–5:1
Authors: DAVIS ANNE 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study examines Paul's phrase "allegorically speaking" in Gal 4:24, suggesting that the following passage is not the literary genre of narrative allegory, a method of Greek rhetoric, or a method of interpretation known as "typology." Instead, the study examines another ancient allegorical technique that employed two literary devices to startle the reader and act as markers leading to the Hebrew Scriptures for deeper spiritual interpretations. Furthermore, because these allegorical markers are clustered together in Gal 4:24–28, one can recognize the literary structure. By identifying the method of Paul's argument and the literary structure of the passage, this study promotes further examination of the meaning of these verses by following the allegorical markers to the Hebrew Scriptures.
Greek Grammar and the Personality of the Holy Spirit
Authors: WALLACE DANIEL B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe modern, broadly conservative articulation of the distinct personality and deity of the Holy Spirit has often included in its arsenal a point or two from the realm of philology. The Fourth Gospel has especially been mined for such grammatical nuggets, though Ephesians, 1 John, and sometimes even 2 Thessalonians have been claimed as yielding syntactical evidence in defense of the Spirit's personality. Two kinds of texts have been put forth in support of this supposition: passages involving grammatical gender and passages involving notions of agency. Those involving grammatical gender are used as an apologetic defense of a high pneumatology; those involving agency are simply assumed to prove the point. I believe that this grammatical defense for the Spirit's personality has a poor foundation. If it is indeed invalid, then to use it in defense of a high pneumatology not only damages Trinitarian apologetics but also may well mask an emerging pneumatology within the NT.
The Laying on of Hands in 1 Timothy 5:22: A New Proposal
Authors: IRWIN BRIAN P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 1 Tim 5:22, the author of the letter tells the recipient to avoid "laying hands on anyone quickly." Traditionally, this phrase has been understood to refer to an action related either to ordination or to the receiving back into fellowship of lapsed believers. Neither view, however, is without difficulties. This article examines the various uses of the phrase "lay hands on" in the LXX and the Greek NT and argues that the best understanding of the phrase in 1 Tim 5:22 is to associate it with the manner in which hands are imposed as a sign of accusation. Thus, the passage refers neither to ordination nor to receiving lapsed believers but stands as a caution against hastily accusing an elder of wrongdoing.
Seeing Things John's Way: Rhetography and Conceptual Blending in Revelation 14:6–13
Authors: deSilva David A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During the past decade, socio-rhetorical interpretation has incorporated insights from cognitive science into its interpretive model. The result has been an emphasis on "rhetography," inviting interpreters to give more explicit attention to the mental images evoked by a particular text, and "conceptual blending," inviting interpreters to consider what conceptual frames are evoked by these images and how these larger frames supply premises that advance argumentation. This mode of analysis is especially promising in regard to uncovering the argumentative force of narrative and pictorial/visionary texts, like Revelation, that contain relatively few explicit indications of argumentation. The present study undertakes an exploration of Rev 14:6–13 with a view to demonstrating these interpretive tools at work and assessing their promise for interpretation.
Execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries
Authors: Puzyrov M.S. 
Published: April 2022

The article is dedicated to clarifying the procedure of execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries.
It is noted that due to the optimization of penal institutions (during 2018–2021, 39 penal institutions were «preserved» in Ukraine), due to the rapid reduction in the number of convicts (including juveniles), the number of special educational institutions (educational colonies) has decreased significantly. Thus, as of the end of 2021, there were 63 persons in 1 educational colony and 1 sector for female juvenile convicts (which operates within the penal institution for men sentenced to deprivation of liberty).
This, on the one hand, requires the administration of penal institutions to comply with the requirements of separate detention of convicts, enshrined in Art. 92 of the Criminal and Executive Code of Ukraine, and on the other – from the leadership of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine – to consider the feasibility of using some aspects of foreign experience in organizing the process of execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles.
The comparative analysis for execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries showed the following trends: 1) deprivation of liberty is the most severe punishment and is applied to juveniles in exceptional cases; 2) in some foreign countries the regulation of the execution and serving of deprivation of liberty concerning juveniles is carried out by independent regulations, and not by a separate section or part of the law governing the execution of sentences as a whole; 3) juveniles, compared to adults, have additional rights and freedoms, as well as kept isolated from other categories of convicts; 4) in case of further optimization of penal institutions of Ukraine and reduction of the number of juveniles sentenced to deprivation of liberty, there will be a need to create multifunctional (universal) penitentiary institutions in compliance with the requirements of separate detention of different categories of convicts.
Wpływ wprowadzenia dolistnego nawożenia mikroelementami runi długotrwałego doświadczenia w Czarnym Potoku na zawartość wapnia
Authors: Kopeć Michał , Szewczyk Wojciech 
Published: April 2022

Basing on long-term fertilizer experiment localized on a mountain meadow (Czarny Potok near Krynica – 20o54’ E; 49o24’ N), the effect of treatment with Mikrovit-1 fertilizer on changes in the sward calcium concentrations was studied. The experiment set up in 1962 comprises 8 treatments and since 1985 it has been conducted in 0 CaO and +CaO series. Liming was repeated in 1985. Treatments with two doses of nitrogen (90 and 180 kg N ha-1) applied in two forms (ammonium nitrate and urea) against phosphorus-and-potassium fertilization provide the basis of the experiment. As a result of systematic mineral fertilization the meadow sward was characterized with very low content of calcium. For 18 years prior to liming the quantity of calcium taken up on NPK treatments had been almost twice bigger than in the period between the 18th and 36th year of the experiment. As a result of microelement fertilization applied in the 33rd year of the studies, sward calcium concentration increased in comparison with the four-year period preceding the measure application, which was particularly noticeable on treatment with incomplete NPK fertilization and in 2nd cut. Appli ed microelement fertilization more positively affected an increase in calcium concentrations in sward of the limed series than in the unlimed one. A lack of significant response to Mikrovit-1 fertilization on NPK treatments should be ascribed to very low doses of microelement fertilizer applied for conservative fertilization.
Badania nad nawożeniem pastwiska nawozami płynnymi
Authors: Kozłowski Stanisław , Goliński Piotr , Zielewicz Waldemar , Biniaś Józef 
Published: April 2022

The type of fertilizer and the method of its application are important factors influencing the process of optimisation of grassland fertilization. Foliar application of sward fortification with liquid fertilizers is gaining in importance again. Lists of fluid fertilizers offered by fertilizer distributors are getting longer and longer. In our experiments, we used the following two fertilizers: a highly concentrated aqueous solution of ammonium saltpetre and urea frequently referred to in Poland as RSM and, from the group of liquid multi-component fertilizers, Basfoliar 12-4-6 containing 12% N, 4% P and 6% K as well as some macro- and microelements. Traditional fertilization using ammonium saltpetre, potassium salt and superphosphate was treated as the control object, while the experimental plot with no fertilization was used as a control. The subject of the experiments included a permanent pasture and a temporary pasture established by sowing different cultivars of Lolium perenne. The results of our experiments show that the saltpetre-ammonium and Basfoliar 12-4-6 solution can be considered as interesting fertilizers which can fortify plant elements of the pasture sward with nutrients. Changes in the quantitative and qualitative botanical composition of the pasture sward appear to confirm the specific response of plant species to the application of nutrients contained in fluid fertilizers. The application of foliar fertilization of the sward pasture with RSM and Basfoliar 12-4-6 allowed obtaining fodder of good qualitative parameters comparable with those found in the pasture sward fertilized traditionally, i.e. with ammonium saltpetre and superphosphate. The mode of action of the RSM and Basfoliar 12-4-6 is similar to that of ammonium saltpetre. Wider possibilities of their application will depend on their price as well as costs of their application.