bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare finding of duodenal lymphangioma in a patient with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis: A case report
Authors: Waheed Summaiya , Seetlani Naresh Kumar , Ashfaq Fatima , Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab , Kumari Vineeta , Yousaf Zohaib 
Published: November 2022

Rationale:
Lymphangiomas are lymphatic malformations most commonly found in the head, neck and axilla. Their incidence in gastrointestinal tract, especially duodenum is very rare. They are mostly congenital and are usually seen in children. Owing to their asymptomatic nature, these tumors are often diagnosed incidentally. Surgical resection is the definite treatment.

Patient concerns:
We represent a case of a 30-year-old male with duodenal lymphangioma with presentation of intermittent dyspepsia for 1 year, partially relieved by a proton pump inhibitor.

Diagnoses:
Upon physical examination, there was mild tenderness observed in the epigastrium. The rest of the physical examination was unremarkable. His complete blood count report was unremarkable. Upon a negative stool for Helicobacter pylori antigen test, the patient underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy which revealed H pylori gastritis and a duodenal lymphangioma.

Interventions:
Patient was put on triple therapy (clarithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole) for 14 days and his symptoms improved. The lymphangioma was not resected owing to small size.

Outcomes:
Patient was followed till 1 year and his symptoms had improved.

Lessons:
The case describes a correlation between H pylori gastritis and a duodenal lymphangioma. There is likely to be an association between the two and therefore, further studies are required to find out any relationship that may exist between the 2 conditions.
Successful treatment of phlegmasia cerulea dolens with percutaneous thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis: A case report
Authors: Chang Ching-Tang , Chang Ching-Di 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is an uncommon condition of acute deep vein thrombosis, characterized by marked swelling of the affected limb with pain and cyanosis. High mortality and morbidity rates have been reported. Early diagnosis, quick and effective treatment are crucial for preventing potential limb loss or even death.

Patient concerns:
A 39-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with painful swelling and cyanotic discoloration of the left lower limb for 2 days.

Diagnoses:
Computed tomography revealed thrombosis in the left common iliac vein and inferior vena cava. Angiography demonstrated extensive venous occlusion from the lower inferior vena cava to the left popliteal vein. The diagnosis of PCD was made.

Interventions:
Systemic anticoagulation with intravenous unfractionated heparin was initiated immediately. Mechanical thrombectomy with Angiojet and angioplasty were performed, and catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) was administered subsequently.

Outcomes:
Follow-up angiography revealed regression of the thrombosis and the opacification of the deep vein was restored. The patient was discharged from the hospital uneventfully.

Conclusions:
PCD is a rare but potentially limb and life-threatening condition that requires immediate recognition. Treatment should be in a timely manner. Anticoagulation alone may be inadequate and more aggressive management such as CDT and thrombectomy should be considered.
Effect of moxibustion on meridian in a warm needling model: A protocol for a prospective observational study
Authors: Hsieh Chiao-Hsuan , Tseng Shih-Ting , Hung Yu-Chiang , Chang Ting-Chang , Hu Wen-Long , Lin Chien-Hung 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Warm needling is a type of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which uses burned moxa to generate warmth and exerts a therapeutic effect on human skin. Additionally, based on TCM theory, warm needling could improve deficiency-cold syndrome. Research has found that warm needling has analgesic effects as well as effects on the immune system, endocrine system, nervous system, and lower urinary tract symptoms. However, the mechanism of warm needling on the meridians is not fully understood. In modern studies, the electric characteristics of the meridians have been discovered and the combination of semiconductor and TCM theory could explain the meridian phenomena through physics. However, there is no known research exploring the relationship between thermal effect and electric property on the meridians.

Methods:
A total of 30 healthy participants older than 20 years of age will be recruited for this study. The participants would first be administered acupuncture, following which the electric characteristics will be measured using the semiconductor analyzer Agilent B1500A/Agilent 4156C. The visual analog score (VAS) will also be rated. Thereafter, a burned moxa will be added to the acupuncture needles as a method for warm needling. The electric characteristics and VAS will be measured again. We will use the paired t-test and repeated measure two-way ANOVA to compare the electric characteristics and VAS before and after warm needling in each participant.

Objectives:
This protocol aims to explore the thermal effect on the electric characteristics of meridians in a warm needling model and provide a scientific explanation of TCM through the aspect of physics.
Epibulbar osseous choristoma with dermolipoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kim Ju Mi , Son Woo Young , Sul Hae Joung , Shin Jeongah , Cho Won-Kyung 
Published: November 2022

Background:
A choristoma is defined as a growth of histologically normal tissue in an abnormal location. Epibulbar osseous choristoma is the rarest type among all ocular choristoma with less than 100 cases reported. Here, we report a case of epibulbar osseous choristoma combined with dermolipoma and a literature review

Methods:
A 15-year-old female patient presented with an accidentally found subconjunctival mass in her left eye. Slit lamp examination revealed a 10 × 10 mm elevated, sigmoid-shaped mass in the supratemporal quadrant of the bulbar conjunctiva. We performed a debulking excisional biopsy of the mass.

Results:
The pathology confirmed osseous tissue surrounded by mature adipose tissue. At 1 week after the operation, the wound was clear and the patient was satisfied with the treatment. A systematic literature review of 14 previously published cases taken from PubMed dating back to 1987 along with ours was undertaken. The average age at presentation was 11.6 years and there was a female preponderance with 10 cases being female and the other 5 cases being male. Supratemporal conjunctiva was the most common site of presentation. There was no systemic disease associated with any of the cases. Since it is a benign tumor, it can be managed by observation, but if necessary, it can be treated by surgical removal.

Conclusion:
In pediatric subconjunctival mass, particularly located in supratemporal quadrant of bulbar conjunctiva, osseous choristoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Pre-operative CT scans will helpful to not also reduce complication with surgical excision but also helpful in prediction of diagnosis and prognosis.
miR-195-3p/BDNF axis regulates hypoxic injury by targeting P-ERK1/2 expression
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Liu Bingshi , Wang Yanfang , Sun PHD Lixian , Liu Chao , Zhang Haoran , Qin Wei , Liu Jingyi , Han Leng , Shan Weichao 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common heart disease and the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Decreased endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, increased apoptosis, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction are considered vital factors in CHD. In this study, we aimed to determine the expression and role of microRNA-195-3p and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hypoxic-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Measures:
We induced hypoxia in HUVECs using the “anaerobic tank method.”

Results:
We found that the levels of microRNA-195-3p and BDNF were upregulated and apoptosis was increased. Furthermore, we found that BDNF/P-ERK1/2 regulated the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway proteins Bcl-2/BAX, which was downregulated under hypoxic conditions. Finally, the microRNA-195-3p inhibitor downregulated BDNF and P-ERK1/2, upregulated the Bcl-2/BAX axis, and partially reversed the effects of hypoxic-induced injury in HUVECs.

Conclusions:
Therapeutic intervention using the microRNA-195-3p/BDNF/P-ERK1/2/Bcl-2/BAX axis could maintain EC function under hypoxic conditions, improve cell activity, and serve as a new treatment strategy for CHDs.
High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation combined with systemic methotrexate treatment of intramural ectopic pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Peng Yan , Dai Yu , Yu Guiyuan , Jin Ping 
Published: November 2022

Rationale:Intramural ectopic pregnancy (IMP) is a rare ectopic pregnancy with an unclear etiology, and standard treatment guidelines currently remain unclear. The main treatment option is local excision of IMP via laparoscopy or laparotomy.Patient concerns:A 32-year-old woman with adenomyosis presented with amenorrhea for 7 weeks and a serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level of 6882 IU/L. The patient had a history of laparotomy for adenomyosis 5 years previously. Three-dimensional ultrasonography showed a live gestational sac (GS) of 9 × 15 × 18 mm located in the left posterior wall of the uterus and a sinus tract connecting the sac and the endometrial cavity. MRI revealed the GS located in the adenomyosis and a 1.0-cm sinus tract connecting the GS and the endometrial cavity.Diagnoses:IMP with adenomyosis.Interventions:High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment combined with systemic methotrexate (MTX) was performed to treat IMP, which would avoid operation and massive bleeding.Outcomes:Serum β-HCG levels decreased to normal 4 weeks after HIFU treatment and the GS was not found on MRI after 4 months. The sinus tract was significantly shortened after the HIFU treatment.Lessons:HIFU ablation combined with systemic MTX is effective for the treatment of IMP and is favorable for maintaining fertility.
Single-port inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy is a cure for esophageal cancer patients: Case report
Authors: Yibulayin Xiayimaierdan , Xu Keming , Yibulayin Waresijiang , Abulaiti Abulimiti , Wu Zhenhua , He Dan , Ran Anpeng , Ma Lei , Sun Xiaohong 
Published: November 2022

Rationale:
It is often difficult to perform transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) in patients with chest deformities, as these patients may be lost to surgery for non-oncological reasons.

Patient concerns:
In this case, we had a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who was not suitable for TTE because of extensive thoracic adhesions caused by the left pneumonectomy 8 years ago.

Diagnoses:
ESCC.

Interventions:
Based on Professor Fujiwara’s surgical method, we further improved it by proposing a single-port inflatable mediastinoscopy combined with laparoscopic-assisted esophagectomy.

Outcomes:
At the time of this writing, computed tomography and gastroscopy revealed no stenosis of anastomosis, and no evidence of disease recurrence.

Lessons:
To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first single-port inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy performed on a patient undergoing pneumonectomy.
Efficacy and safety of Tonifying Qi and activating blood Chinese herbal prescriptions for myocardial infarction: Study protocol for a multi-centered RCT
Authors: Shang Juju , Qiu Shenglei , Zhou Yingjie , Liu Sina , Wang Zi , Lai Xiaolei , Liu Hongxu , Zhou Mingxue , Zhang Zhenmin , Liu Pengyu , Zhang Fangfang , Meng Xianghui 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cause of death worldwide and heart failure (HF) is the main complication. Although the increase in percutaneous coronary intervention and drug treatment can reduce in-hospital mortality after AMI, the incidence of HF after AMI and the resulting risk of death are still rising, which causes difficulties in the rehabilitation of AMI patients after reperfusion.

Methods:
In this prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial, we will assigned 673 eligible patients with AMI after reperfusion into 4 groups: receiving Nao-Xin-Tong capsule (NXT), Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu (BYHW) granule (BYHW), Yang-Yin-Tong-Nao granule (YYTN), or placebo. The course of treatment will be 3 months. The primary outcome is HF incidence within 180 days. Nao-Xin-Tong capsule, BYHW granule, and Yang-Yin-Tong-Nao granule are different traditional Chinese medicines used for tonifying Qi and activating blood (TQAB).

Results:
Three months of TQAB combined with Western medicine may reduce the incidence of HF after reperfusion of AMI and improve patients’ quality of life.

Discussion:
This study will provide an important basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with AMI after reperfusion and provide an evidence-based basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of HF after AMI.
Exploring the mechanism of Tengli Kangliu Decoction in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer precancerous based on network pharmacology
Authors: Liu Fang , Cao Bo , Zhang Heng , Zou Qi , Liu Guoxiong , Dong Yukun , Su Dan , Ren Dong-lin 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to predict the targets and signaling pathways affected by Tengli Kangliu Decoction (TKD) in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) precursor lesions and to determine TKDs mechanism of action based on previous experimental results using network pharmacology techniques and methods.

Methods:
Using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database (TCMSP) and UniProt database, the active ingredients and potential targets of TKD were identified. Human colorectal adenoma (CRA) targets were analyzed using the GeneCards database, the Online mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM) database, and the NCBI database. The common targets of drug-disease interactions were input into the String database to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. These data were then used to construct the network diagram. Gene ontology (GO) function analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the target genes. Finally, the component-disease-pathway-target network file was imported into Cytoscape 3.8.0 and used to construct the pathway network diagram.

Results:
Compounds with a drug-likeness (DL) score ≥ 0.18 and an oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30% were selected as the active constituents of TKD. Two hundred eighty eight chemical constituents were screened and 305 chemical drug targets were predicted. After further screening, 1942 disease-related targets, which are hypothesized to be the main chemical components of TKD, were obtained. When comparing the targets of action and CRA treatment targets, 172 common targets were identified. Using GO enrichment analysis of common targets of drug diseases, 2550 biological processes (BP) were predicted, 164 items of which were related to molecular functioning (MF), and 67 items related to cell composition. KEGG pathway analysis was performed on the common targets of drug diseases, and a total of 178 signaling pathways were enriched.

Conclusion:
Using network pharmacology research, this study reports on the synergistic effect of the multiple components of TKD on the multi-target, and multiple pathways of colorectal precancerous lesions. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for further colorectal precancerous lesions research.
Thymic lipofibroadenoma of the anterior mediastinum: A rare case report
Authors: Fu Jing , Cai Xing-Wei , Hu Shuang-Ye , Lu Tao , Li Xing-Lan 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Lipofibroadenoma is an extremely rare thymic tumor, and the anterior mediastinum is the most common site.

Case summary:
A 21-year-old male was admitted with fever without obvious cause for 2 months. After admission, the patient’s highest temperature was 38.3°C, accompanied by diarrhea. Physical examination showed coarse breath sounds in both lungs. Chest enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a mass of mixed density shadow on the left side of the anterior mediastinum with a size of approximately 9.2 cm × 5 cm × 2.1 cm and a clear boundary mixed with a low fat density shadow. Mediastinal tumors were removed under general anesthesia by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Macroscopically, a clear boundary was shown between the tumor and the remaining thymus. Microscopically, the tumor contained a large amount of mature adipose and fibrous tissue with scattered cord-like epithelial tissue and a small number of lymphocytes scattered in the stroma. The tumor lacked thymic bodies. The neoplastic epithelial cells were oval or polygonal and arranged in fissures, the nuclei were uniform in size and mild in shape, and mitosis was rare. Epithelial cells were positive for AE1/AE3 and CK19, lymphocytes were positive for CD3 and CD20, and fat and fibrous tissue were positive for S-100 and vimentin, respectively. The Ki67 labeling index was less than 5%. Based on histological features and immunophenotype, thymic lipofibroadenoma was diagnosed. The patient was followed up 1 year after the operation, and no recurrence or residual lesions were found on the X-ray re-examination.

Conclusion:
Lipofibroadenoma is a benign thymic tumor, and thymectomy is regarded as the best treatment. The biological behavior of thymic lipofibroadenoma is good, and the recurrence rate is low.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Qingyuan , Cai Zhimei , Sui Lan , Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD). With the merits of small trauma and high success rate, PCI can promote the fast recovery of CHD patients and greatly improve their prognosis and quality of life. However, because PCI does not eliminate the pathogenic factors that lead to atherosclerosis, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) often occur after PCI. These events have become one of the principal factors affecting the long-term outcome of patients after PCI. In China, increasing attention is paid to the use of acupuncture combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) for the treatment of post-PCI MACEs in clinical practice. Nevertheless, this treatment approach still lacks evidence-based medical evaluation. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with XFZYD in the treatment of MACEs after PCI.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with XFZYD for the treatment of MACEs after PCI were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases from the time of database establishment to October 2022. The papers were screened strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. Raw data were extracted from the studies and then a meta-analysis was made using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This study will summarize the latest evidence for the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with XFZYD in the treatment of MACEs after PCI.
REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022365657.
Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity and serum vitamin D levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Menglu , Li Wen , Li Lailai , Chai Yihui , Yang Yuqi , Pu Xiang 
Published: November 2022

Background:
To prove that serum vitamin D (VD) levels are strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) disease activity, the association between serum VD levels and key monitoring indicators of AS disease activity has been analyzed, such as the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Methods:
Studies published in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure by August 30, 2022 were searched, and 6 studies finally met the selection criteria. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), ESR, CRP levels, and correlation coefficients between serum VD and BASDAI, ESR, CRP in AS, and control in these studies were extracted for the meta-analysis.

Results:
When compared to controls, patients with AS had considerably lower blood 25(OH)D levels (MD = −7.53 ng/mL, 95% CI, −9.78 to −5.28, P < .001) and significantly higher ESR and CRP levels (ESR: MD = 11.75 mm/h, 95% CI, 4.20 to 19.31, P = .002; CRP: MD = 15.36 mg/L, 95% CI, 4.95 to 25.77, P = .004). Additionally, a negative correlation was discovered between serum VD levels and BASDAI, ESR, and CRP (Fisher’ Z = −0.34, −0.38, −0.35, respectively).

Conclusion:
The findings of our meta-analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between serum VD levels and the main monitoring indices of disease activity in patients with AS and verified that the differences in the continent and ethnicity may be one of the major contributors to this finding.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation maps the neurophysiology of chronic noncancer pain: A scoping review
Authors: Snow Nicholas Jacob , Kirkland Megan Christine , Downer Matthew Bruce , Murphy Hannah Margaret , Ploughman Michelle 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Chronic noncancer pain is a global public health challenge. It is imperative to identify biological markers (“biomarkers”) to understand the mechanisms underlying chronic pain and to monitor pain over time and after interventions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising method for this purpose.

Objectives:
To examine differences in TMS-based outcomes between persons with chronic pain and healthy controls (HCs) and/or before versus after pain-modulating interventions and relationships between pain measures and TMS outcomes; To summarize the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic pain as identified by TMS.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed database for literature from January 1, 1985, to June 9, 2020, with the keywords “pain” and “transcranial magnetic stimulation.” Eligible items included original studies of adult human participants with pain lasting for ≥ 6 months. We completed a narrative synthesis of the study findings stratified by chronic pain etiology (primary pain, neuropathic pain, and secondary musculoskeletal pain).

Results:
The search yielded 1265 records. The final 12 articles included 244 patients with chronic pain (192 females, aged 35‐65 years) and 169 HCs (89 females, aged 28‐59 years). Abnormalities in TMS outcomes that reflect GABAergic and glutamatergic activities were associated with many of the disorders studied and were distinct for each pain etiology. Chronic primary pain is characterized by reduced intracortical inhibition and corticospinal excitability, chronic neuropathic pain shows evidence of increased excitation and disinhibition, and chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain involves low corticospinal excitability.

Discussion:
TMS could be a useful tool for delineating the neurophysiological underpinnings of chronic pain syndromes.