bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cochlear Implantation in Far Advanced Otosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kondo Mickey , Vasan Kartik , Jufas Nicholas Emmanuel , Patel Nirmal P. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate speech outcomes and facial nerve stimulation (FNS) rates in patients with far advanced otosclerosis (FAO) after cochlear implantation.MethodsA systematic review was performed using standardized methodology of Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. Studies were included if adults with FAO underwent cochlear implantation. Exclusion criteria included concurrent otologic history (e.g., Meniere's disease, superior canal dehiscence), non‐English‐speaking implant users, case reports, abstracts, and letters/commentaries. Bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale for cohort studies and the National Institute of Health Scale for case series. The primary outcome measure was speech discrimination and the secondary outcomes were rates of partial insertion and FNS.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies evaluated cochlear implantation in FAO. Due to the heterogeneity of testing methods, statistical pooling of speech discrimination was not feasible, but qualitative synthesis indicated a positive effect of implantation. Pooled rates of FNS were 18% (95% confidence interval, CI 12%–27%) and the rate of partial insertion was 10% (95% CI 7%–15%).ConclusionCochlear implantation in FAO demonstrates significant gains in speech discrimination scores with higher rates of FNS and partial insertion. Laryngoscope, 133:1288–1296, 2023
Circulatory disturbance of the cochlear spiral modiolar artery in a type 2 diabetic mouse model
Authors: Seo Young Joon , Shim Dae Bo , Sharif Arazu , Samson Zeke , Takechi Ryu , Brown Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify significant differences in cochlea microvessel size between a diabetic mouse model (db/db) and normal mice using three‐dimensional (3D) quantitative analysis.MethodsSix control heterozygote db/+ as well as 18 male B6/BKS(D)‐Leprdb/J (db/db) mice aged 14 (n = 9) and 28 (n = 9) weeks were examined. After clearing the cochlea, we reconstructed the 3D volumes of the spiral modiolar artery (SMA) in the cochlea using light‐sheet microscopy and analyzed vessel wall thickness, cross‐sectional area, short and long diameter, and vessel height.ResultsThe average SMA‐wall thickness in the db/db‐mouse group (3.418 ± 0.328 μm) was greater than that in the control group (2.388 ± 0.411 μm). The average cross‐sectional outer area, short diameter, and long diameter of the SMA in db/db mice were significantly larger than those in control mice (all p < 0.001). The cross‐sectional areas increased with age (control: 221.782 ± 121.230 μm, 14 weeks; 294.378 ± 151.008 μm, and 28 weeks; 312.925 ± 147.943 μm).ConclusionThe db/db mice had thicker and larger proximal‐SMA vessel walls and diameters than control mice, respectively, thus potentially inducing increased blood viscosity or vascular insufficiency and aggravating hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Level of EvidenceIIb
450 nm Photon‐Pumped Ultraviolet‐C Luminescence for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Lv Pinshu , Li Leipeng , Wang Chunzheng , Wu Zhuqin , Qiu Jianrong , Yang Yanmin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the implementation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, there is an urgent need to find a new way to generate ultraviolet‐C (UVC) light to replace mercury lamp. Upconversion phosphors have the potential to generate UVC light as they are able to convert low energy photons into high energy emissions. Here a new Sr2SiO4:Pr3+ phosphor is reported that could emit UVC light under excitation of a commonly used 450 nm laser diode, a cheap blue light‐emitting diode (LED) with central emitting wavelength at 450 nm, and even sunlight. Moreover, the potential applications of the UVC light of Sr2SiO4:Pr3+ phosphor upon excitation at 450 nm are demonstrated in several different situations, including static marking and dynamic tracking. Demonstration of the unique advantage of photon‐upconverted UVC emission of Sr2SiO4:Pr3+ in the application of sterilization is mainly focused, especially when the deep ultraviolet (DUV) LED cannot work adequately. This work opens a new route for generating UVC light and expands the applications of photon‐upconverted UVC emission, which is expected to be an indispensable supplement to the deep ultraviolet LED.
Free‐breathing accelerated whole‐body MRI using an automated workflow: Comparison with conventional breath‐hold sequences
Authors: Koch Vitali , Merklein Domenica , Zangos Stephan , Eichler Katrin , Gruenewald Leon D. , Mahmoudi Scherwin , Booz Christian , Yel Ibrahim , D'Angelo Tommaso , Martin Simon S. , Bernatz Simon , Hammerstingl Renate M. , Albrecht Moritz H. , Scholtz Jan‐Erik , Kaltenbach Benjamin , Vogl Thomas J. , Langenbach Marcel , Gruber‐Rouh Tatjana 
Published: September 2022

Whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly popular in oncology. However, the long acquisition time might hamper its widespread application. We sought to assess and compare free‐breathing sequences with conventional breath‐hold examinations in whole‐body MRI using an automated workflow process. This prospective study consisted of 20 volunteers and six patients with a variety of pathologies who had undergone whole‐body 1.5‐T MRI that included T1‐weighted radial and Dixon volumetric interpolated breath‐hold examination sequences. Free‐breathing sequences were operated by using an automated user interface. Image quality, diagnostic confidence, and image noise were evaluated by two experienced radiologists. Additionally, signal‐to‐noise ratio was measured. Diagnostic performance for the overall detection of pathologies was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Study participants were asked to rate their examination experiences in a satisfaction survey. MR free‐breathing scans were rated as at least equivalent to conventional MR scans in more than 92% of cases, showing high overall diagnostic accuracy (95% [95% CI 92–100]) and performance (AUC 0.971, 95% CI 0.942–0.988; p < 0.0001) for the assessment of pathologies at simultaneously reduced examination times (25 ± 2 vs. 32 ± 3 min; p < 0.0001). Interrater agreement was excellent for both free‐breathing (ϰ = 0.96 [95% CI 0.88–1.00]) and conventional scans (ϰ = 0.93 [95% CI 0.84–1.00]). Qualitative and quantitative assessment for image quality, image noise, and diagnostic confidence did not differ between the two types of MR image acquisition (all p > 0.05). Scores for patient satisfaction were significantly better for free‐breathing compared with breath‐hold examinations (p = 0.0145), including significant correlations for the grade of noise (r = 0.79, p < 0.0001), tightness (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001), and physical fatigue (r = 0.52, p = 0.0065). In summary, free‐breathing whole‐body MRI in tandem with an automated user interface yielded similar diagnostic performance at equivalent image quality and shorter acquisition times compared to conventional breath‐hold sequences.
Imaging of pediatric cardiac tumors: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Morin Cara E. , Griffin Lindsay M. , Beroukhim Rebecca S. , Caro‐Domínguez Pablo , Chan Sherwin , Johnson Jason N. , Infante Juan C. , Lam Christopher Z. , Malone LaDonna J. , Tang Elizabeth R. , Taylor Michael D. , Wilkinson James C. , Masand Prakash M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCardiac tumors in children are rare and the majority are benign. The most common cardiac tumor in children is rhabdomyoma, usually associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. Other benign cardiac masses include fibromas, myxomas, hemangiomas, and teratomas. Primary malignant cardiac tumors are exceedingly rare, with the most common pathology being soft tissue sarcomas. This paper provides consensus‐based imaging recommendations for the evaluation of patients with cardiac tumors at diagnosis and follow‐up, including during and after therapy.
Polylactic acid‐based composite using fused filament fabrication: Process optimization and biomedical application
Authors: Choudhary Neha , Sharma Varun , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiopolymer‐based composites, which are being employed extensively in biomedical applications have exceptional physical and mechanical properties. However, printing composites is a challenging task for biomedical applications. The current work highlights the impact of process parameters of fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology, that is, layer height, number of loops, nozzle temperature, and a nonprocess parameter, that is, weight percentage of alumina on ultimate tensile strength, ultimate flexural strength, and ultimate compression strength of polylactic acid (PLA)‐alumina composite. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been implemented to construct the tests. The regression model demonstrated how various parameters and their interaction affected output responses. The surface plots for noticeable interactions have also been plotted. The outcome revealed that parameter control and optimization have vital impact on mechanical properties. The optimum value for maximum mechanical strengths has been obtained at layer height 0.1 mm, number of loops 4, nozzle temperature 195°C, and weight percentage of alumina as 1.5%. Later a case study has been performed with obtained optimized parameters with porous structures for biomedical applications and found that the properties such as surface finish, and dimensional accuracy were unaltered during the optimization process.
Different expressions of cardiac biomarkers between different types of acquired right ventricular outflow tract abnormality in monochorionic twins
Authors: Takano Mayumi , Hine Kotaro , Nagasaki Sumito , Sakuma Junya , Shimabukuro Makiko , Kotaki Hikari , Saito Keiko , Ogata Kohei , Yoda Hitoshi , Nakata Masahiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the differences in amniotic fluid cardiac biomarkers and clinical features among types of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) abnormality in monochorionic (MC) twins.MethodThis prospective study included MC twins that underwent laser surgery. Recipient or larger twins (group A) and donor or smaller twins (group B) were assessed and divided into those with a normal right ventricular outflow tract (normal RVOT), functional pulmonary atresia (fPA), or pulmonary stenosis (PS). Amniotic fluid levels of NT‐proBNP (afNT‐proBNP) and cardiac troponin T (afTnT) were examined during surgery.ResultsOf 190 fetuses in group A, there were 14 RVOT abnormality cases (including 7 fPA and 7 PS). No group B fetuses showed RVOT abnormality findings. In group A, later and earlier gestational age at surgery were observed in fPA (25.1 ± 2.8 weeks) and PS groups (17.8 ± 0.9 weeks). All survived PS cases demonstrated progressive pulmonary valve obstruction, not observed in fPA groups. AfNT‐proBNP were significantly higher in fPA and PS than in the normal RVOT group (p < 0.05). AfTnT was significantly higher in group A with PS than fPA and normal RVOT groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionAmong RVOT abnormality types in group A, amniotic fluid cardiac biomarkers were differently expressed, and clinical features were also differentiated. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiological influence on RVOT in MC twins.Clinical trial registration: This study was registered with the Japanese Clinical Trial Registry “UMIN‐CTR” (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index‐j.htm; trial ID numbers UMIN000024486 and 000037702).
Herbarium records reveal multiple phases in the relationship between minimum residence time and invasion ranges of alien plant species
Authors: Ni Ming 
Published: September 2022

Societal Impact StatementPlant invasions threaten many native species and change the functioning of ecosystems worldwide. This study finds that the invasion processes of multiple species include lag, acceleration and stable phases. This three‐phase relationship between minimum residence times (the time since the alien species was first recorded) and invasion ranges should be considered when modelling species invasion risks in the future, and we should control the population sizes of these species before they reach a tipping point to minimise the potential environmental impacts. This research also highlights the importance of natural history collections in helping us to understand invasion dynamics.
Severe eosinophilia and subsequent dermatologic immune‐related adverse event with squamous cell carcinoma antigen elevation induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab
Authors: Matsumoto Takeshi , Kaneko Akiko , Kusakabe Yusuke , Nakayama Emi , Tanaka Ayaka , Yamamoto Naoki , Aihara Kensaku , Yamaoka Shinpachi , Mishima Michiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for malignant lesions are associated with immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), but reports about severe eosinophilia induced by ICIs are scarce. A 73‐year‐old man with lung squamous cell carcinoma was treated by chemotherapy (carboplatin plus paclitaxel) and ICIs (nivolumab plus ipilimumab). After two cycles of chemotherapy, the ICIs were continued. After 5 months, the eosinophilia, which had exceeded 5000/μl, increasingly deteriorated, and the only detected irAE was a grade 1 rash. Under continuation of the ICIs, although the eosinophilia decreased, a grade 3 rash and severe pruritis subsequently appeared. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) was steeply increased simultaneously. A complete response had been achieved, and oral prednisolone markedly improved the rash, pruritis, and eosinophilia. Clinicians should be aware that precedent severe eosinophilia and subsequent severe irAE could occur in patients treated by nivolumab and ipilimumab, and SCCA elevation could be associated with dermatologic irAE.
Preparation, Characterization and Stability Studies of Gold Nanoparticles Capped by 1,2,3‐Triazole‐Based Mesoionic Carbenes
Authors: Cui Liu , Du Mingwei , Guo Shuai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe preparation of stable and size‐uniform AuNPs (AuNPs=gold nanoparticles) has gained extensive attention. Strongly coordinating 1,2,3‐triazole‐based mesoionic carbenes are suitable capping agents to stabilize AuNPs, but such chemistry has been rarely explored. In this work, a series of newly synthesized triazolin‐5‐ylidenes with varying wingtips have been exploited as the capping ligands. Two different synthetic approaches have been explored and compared, which employed either gold(I) complexes or gold(III) species as the precursors. The gold nanomaterials synthesized via these two routes show different characteristics in terms of particle size, surface oxidation state as well as colloidal stability. It was found that the carbene with two long aliphatic wingtips is the best capping ligand giving relatively stable and monodisperse AuNPs. In addition, one of the gold nanomaterials, NP‐IIc, has exhibited good stability in the presence of biologically relevant agents including PBS, cysteine and glutathione, which implies its potential biological applications.
Hierarchical Assembly of Flexible Biopolymer Polyphosphate‐Manganese into Nanosheets
Authors: Wang Jing , Tao Yucheng , Juan Yewen , Zhou Hang , Zhao Xinyang , Cheng Xiaomei , Wang Xiuxiu , Quan Xuebo , Li Junyan , Huang Kai , Wei Wei , Zhao Jing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolyphosphate (polyP) is one of the most compact inorganic polyanionic biopolymers that participates in various physiological processes. However, the development of polyP‐based nanomaterials is still in its infancy. Here, biocompatible polyphosphate‐manganese nanosheets are designed and synthesized by a hierarchical assembly strategy. The thickness and the lateral size of the resulting polyP‐Mn nanosheets (PMNSs) are 5 nm and 120–130 nm, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the polyP‐hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide flat structure possesses a strong aggregating capacity and serves as the template for the 2D assembly of polyP‐Mn. The PMNSs can activate the inflammatory response of macrophages resulting in the recovery of innate immunological functions to inhibit tumor proliferation. This work has initiated a new direction in constructing layered polyP‐based nanomaterials and provides guidance for biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymer‐based materials in the regulation of innate responses.
Bioheterojunction‐Engineered Polyetheretherketone Implants With Diabetic Infectious Micromilieu Twin‐Engine Powered Disinfection for Boosted Osteogenicity
Authors: Li Bin , Shu Rui , Dai Wenyu , Yang Fan , Xu Hui , Shi Xiuyuan , Li Yunfei , Bai Ding , Yang Weizhong , Deng Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiabetic infectious micromilieu (DIM) leads to a critical failure rate of osseointegration by virtue of two main peculiarities: high levels of topical glucose and inevitable infection. To tackle the daunting issue, a bioheterojunction‐engineered orthopedic polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant consisting of copper sulfide/graphene oxide (CuS/GO) bioheterojunctions (bioHJs) and glucose oxidase (GOx) is conceived and developed for DIM enhanced disinfection and boosted osseointegration. Under hyperglycemic micromilieu, GOx can convert surrounding glucose into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then, upon infectious micromilieu, the bioHJs enable the catalyzation of H2O2 to highly germicidal hydroxyl radical (·OH). As a result, the engineered implants massacre pathogenic bacteria through DIM twin‐engine powered photo‐chemodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the engineered implants considerably facilitate cell viability and osteogenic activity of osteoblasts under a hyperglycemic microenvironment via synergistic induction of copper ions (Cu2+) and GO. In vivo studies using bone defect models of diabetic rats at 4 and 8 weeks further authenticate that bioHJ‐engineering PEEK implants substantially elevate their osseointegration through biofilm elimination and vascularization, as well as macrophage reprogramming. Altogether, the present study puts forward a tactic that arms orthopedic implants with DIM twin‐engine powered antibacterial and formidable osteogenic capacities for diabetic stalled osseointegration.
New‐Fashioned Universal and Functional Host‐Material from a Near‐Ultraviolet Organic Emitter for High‐Efficiency Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Efficiency Roll‐Offs
Authors: Guo Xuecheng , Li Ganggang , Lou Jingli , Chen Kongqi , Huang Ruishan , Yang Dezhi , Zhang Han , Wang Zhiming , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a near‐ultraviolet (NUV) emitter, 2MCz‐CNMCz, with hot‐exciton property is designed based on a “long‐short axis” strategy, which exhibits good thermal stability, bipolar carrier transport ability, and high T1 energy level. Its nondoped NUV organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) achieves a record maximum external quantum efficiency (ηext) of 7.76%, with a peak at 404 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.158, 0.039). The corresponding high exciton utilization efficiency (ηr) in the electroluminescence process reveals its potential as a functional sensitizing host. As expected, the TBPe‐based blue fluorescent OLED with 2MCz‐CNMCz as the host material shows better efficiency and lower efficiency roll‐off than that with traditional host material mCP. Meanwhile, the Ir complexes‐based green/yellow/red phosphorescent OLEDs with 2MCz‐CNMCz host are also fabricated, reaching high ηext values of 26.1%, 30.4%, and 20.4%, respectively, and displaying negligible efficiency roll‐offs at 1000 cd m−2, which are among the best OLED performances based on the same emitters. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first report on the design of high‐quality universal and functional host material, and may bring new inspiration to the preparation of high‐efficiency, low roll‐off, full‐color OLEDs.
Efficient photo‐degradation of cationic dyes by Co3O4 and Sr‐Co3O4 spinel nanocomposites under solar light irradiation
Authors: Pradhan Debapriya , Panda Prafulla Kumar , Mishra Aishwarya , Falletta Ermelinda , Dash Suresh Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present study Co3O4 and Sr‐Co3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by sol‐gel and co‐precipitation methods and tested as photo‐catalysts for the degradation of methylene blue (MB, model molecule of the thiazine dyes class) and malachite green (MG, model molecule of the triphenylmethane category)under solar light irradiation. To study the photocatalytic activity, Co3O4 was doped by three different weight percentages of strontium (5%, 10%, and 15%). Among these, 10 wt% Sr‐Co3O4, named as (10)Sr‐Co3O4, showed maximum photodegradation efficiency toward both MB and MG. Their structural and morphological characteristics, chemical composition, surface area, and optical properties were investigated by FT‐IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy – Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FE‐SEM‐EDX), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. The XRD investigations of Co3O4 and (10)Sr‐Co3O4 catalysts indicated retention of structure. The effect of initial pH, initial concentration of the dyes and photocatalysts dose was properly investigated. The results demonstrated the enhanced photocatalytic activity of (10)Sr‐Co3O4 compared to that of pristine Co3O4 due to Sr doping that improves electron‐hole (e–/h+) pairs separation mediated by charge migration on the Sr‐Co3O4 structure. The as‐prepared photocatalyst exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic efficiency towards both the dyes. (10)Sr‐Co3O4 and Co3O4 degraded 96% and 88% of MB at pH = 11, and 92% and 85% of MG at pH = 9, respectively in 90 min. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the photodegradation of MB and MG by Sr‐Co3O4 and Co3O4 followed a pseudo‐first‐order kinetics. Both the photocatalysts showed good stability during recycling maintaining high performances after five cycles. Finally, the active species were identified using various scavengers by trapping holes and radicals generated during the photocatalytic degradation process.
Survey investigating factors affecting recruitment and retention in the UK veterinary nursing profession
Authors: Hagen Jennifer R. , Weller Renate , Mair Tim S. , Batt‐Williams Sarah , Kinnison Tierney 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecruitment and retention have been identified as contributing factors to workforce shortages in the veterinary team.MethodsResults from veterinary nurses to an online questionnaire regarding recruitment and retention were analysed.ResultsVeterinary nurses had few job changes (median 2); however, 53.8% (n = 1060) reported they were likely or very likely to leave their employment within 2 years. Respondents who were recently qualified (p < 0.001) and on lower salaries (p < 0.001) were significantly more likely to plan to leave. The most frequently chosen reasons to stay in a position were team, location and working hours, while reasons to leave were salary, management and work–life balance. Respondents most disliked ‘dealing with people’, remuneration and work–life balance and would like to change the salary, management and team aspects. Employers reported difficulty in employing an experienced veterinary nurse.LimitationsA questionnaire simplifies the nature of retention. Also, a comparatively low number of responses was received, with overrepresentation of some groups. It was conducted in 2018; however, it still provides a useful comparison for studies regarding recent world events.ConclusionThe shortage of veterinary nurses is due in part to the lack of retention within the profession. Adequate recompense for work undertaken and value attributed to the role are suggested as contributing factors.