bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Assessination of Archelaus and the Significance of the Macedonian Royal Hunt
Authors: Greenwalt William 
Published: March 2022

Aristotle is the best extant source for the death of Archelaus during a Royal Hunt. He clearly indicates that Archelaus was murdered by Crataeas who, along with two co-conspirators, Hellanocrates of Larissa and Decamnichus, were incited to their plot by perceived injustices at the hand of the king. This article argues that in lieu of a widely agreed upon constitution in Argead Macedonia, a king’s legitimacy was basedlargely (if not solely) on the perception that he was the font of justice, and by his appearance in sacred rituals—one of which was the royal hunt—which religiously validated his right to rule. Thus, this murder was carefully timed by the conspirators to reject the legitimacy of Archelaus for not dispensing “correct” justice in their respective cases. As always personal animosities get roiled into politics in Argead Macedonia.
Reseña: E. Carney, Eurydice and the Birth of the Macedonian Power, New York, Oxford University Press, 2019, 177 pp [ISBN 978-0-19-028053-6].
Authors: Molina Ignacio 
Published: March 2022

Reseña de E. Carney, Eurydice and the Birth of the Macedonian Power, New York, Oxford University Press, 2019, 177 pp [ISBN 978-0-19-028053-6].
Codisciplinary Code-Switching: Bridging Biology and the Humanities during COVID-19
Authors: Greene Amanda , Swann Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

This article describes an experimental, interdisciplinary course on the immune system that was co-taught by a humanist and a scientist, and that (inadvertently) coincided with the start of the COVID-19 crisis in the United States. We propose the term “codisciplinary code-switching” to capture the pedagogical strategy we developed in designing the course and adapting it over the semester to grapple with current events. We focus, in particular, on how this approach helped our students navigate the entanglement of science and society in the shifting, uncertain world of the pandemic. Although these were peculiar circumstances, codisciplinary code-switching has broader possibilities and points to alternative ways of integrating the humanities and sciences in medical education that respects both disciplines as rigorous tools for reading bodies, texts, and contexts.
RECENSIÓN DE: AMBOS, KAI (ED.), ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. ARTICLE-BY-ARTICLE COMMENTARY, 4TH ED., BECK-NOMOS-HART, 2022
Authors: Maculan Elena 
Published: March 2022

Recensión de la 4ª edición de la obra: Ambos, Kai (ed.), Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article-by-Article Commentary, 4th ed., Beck-Nomos-hart, 2022.
Anxiety and Coping with Anxiety in Patients with COVID-19: A Review of the Existing Literature
Authors: Akhigbe Taiwo 
Published: March 2022

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with significant fear and extreme anxiety in patients; this can lead to a strong emotional state that can negatively impact their mental health and immune system. While the nature and effect of COVID-19 on mental health status are yet to be determined, existing literature offers some clues to understand what to expect in dealing with COVID-19 anxiety. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of anxiety and coping with anxiety in COVID-19 patients
Method: This is a narrative review of existing literature relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic via PubMed, EMBASE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR database on anxiety in patients with COVID- 19 and represented in a search flow. Articles search with the use of keywords in various permutations and combinations.
Results: A total number of 73 articles were identified, following deduplication and exclusion of non-relevant studies two major articles, observational and randomized controlled trials were identified with broad themes specifically on the effect of anxiety on COVID-19 patients. These two publications were written in English and from Chinese centers.
Conclusion: Current evidence revealed that increased social capital will improve sleep quality by reducing anxiety and stress of patients in self-isolation, also progressive muscle relaxation has a positive effect on improving sleep quality and reducing anxiety in patients with COVID-19. These findings have some serious clinical and public health implications hence this is a call for further research.
Psychometric Properties of PSS-10 among Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahid , Jabeen Bushra , Kassab Yaman W. , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10) among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed among AF patients using the PSS-10. Sociodemographic and patients reported clinical data were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There were more male patients (n=165) than the female patients (n=111) in total of 276 studied patients. No major issues regarding internal consistency, factorial validity, convergent validity and floor and ceiling effect were observed.
Conclusion: The present study confirmed the psychometric properties validation of PSS-10 among AF patients.
Morphometric Computed Tomography-Based Analysis of Cervical Pedicle and Facet Joints in South Indian Population
Authors: Gandra Abhinav , Pavithra S. , Vignesh P. S. Arun , Raj S. Vishnu , Rathi Nitesh Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Title: Morphometric CT based analysis of cervical pedicle and facet joints in South Indian population.
Aim: To evaluate individual morphometric variations of the cervical spine pedicles and facet joints by computed tomography among patients attending a tertiary care centre.
Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 25 patients undergoing CT study of the cervical spine at Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Thandalam. Various measurements of the cervical pedicles and cervical facet joints were obtained and analysed as mean, standard deviation, and range using Statistical Package for the Social Sciencessoftware.
Results: Among the 25 subjects, 56% were males and 44% were females with mean age of 59.9 and 55.2 respectively. Pedicle length (PL) and Pedicle height (PH) was comparatively smaller in women than in men. Pedicle isthmus (PI) and Lateral pedicle distance (LPD) of C7 was the greatest in both genders. Pedicle axial length (PAL) was equal in both genders with left side being more than the right. Maximum Superior Pedicle distance (SPD) was found to be at C5 level in both genders. Sagittal angulation showed lesser values in females and the Transverse angulation was the lowest at C7 level in both genders. Facet tropism showed a decreasing pattern from C3 to C7 in both genders.
Conclusion: This study helps the surgeon to understand variations in the morphometrics of the study population and will be useful in the determination of a safe treatment modality.
Psychometric Validation of Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale among Warfarin Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khan Salah-ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study aimed to perform the psychometric validation of Perceived Stress Scale 10 among warfarin patients.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed among warfarin patients using the Perceived Stress Scale 10. Sociodemographic and patients reported clinical data were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Out of total 409 study participants, there were more male patients (n=280, 68.5%) than the female patients (n=129, 31.5%). No major issues regarding internal consistency, factorial validity, convergent validity and floor and ceiling effect were observed.
Conclusion: The present study confirmed the psychometric properties of Perceived Stress Scale 10 among the studied cohort of the warfarin patients.
Will Suprahyoid Muscle Release be Effective to Improve Swallowing in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders? A Single Group Experimental Study
Authors: Joshi Kavita , Mahanta Sukdeb , Kahile Milind , Deshmukh Neha , Patel Vivek , Gawande Vasant 
Published: March 2022

Background: As for jaw opening force, hyoid resting position and hyoid dynam­ics are very important and are considered to be affected directly by the suprahyoid muscles. MFR is found to be effective in giving symptomatic relief and increasing jaw ROM in patients with myofascial TMD. The study will specify the importance of Suprahyoid MFR in improving swallowing & jaw function in TMD.
Objectives: The study aimed at finding out the effectiveness of suprahyoid muscle MFR on swallowing and jaw function in patients with TMD.
Methods: 20 participants with myogenous TMD were included after fulfilling the selection criteria. Treatment strategies involved MFR to suprahyoid muscle for 3 sessions in a week for one week and home exercise program involving the tongue proprioception exercises. The outcome measures were evaluated through Sydney swallowing questionnaire (SSQ-17), LDF-TMD questionnaire and maximal interincisal opening (IIO). The data was analysed and inference was drawn through paired and unpaired t tests.
Results: The result of the present study showed that participants improved significantly (p <0.05) at post one week on all the outcome measures (IIO, SSQ & LDF-TMD).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that suprahyoid release is effective in improving swallowing in patients with TMD.
An Observational Study on Gluteal Muscle Surface Electromyography and Physical Activity in Male Adults with Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Thamizhselvan E. , Shivaranjani B. , Swathi Saina , Senthil P. , Neelam N. Shazia 
Published: March 2022

Background: Nonspecific low back pain is defined as a low back pain without a plausible cause alike to that in the European guiding principles. Every year around 15%-45% of adults suffer from low back pain and 5% of people visit hospital with a new episode. Approximately 10%were having work absenteism and about 20% had persistent symptoms for 1 year. Gluteus medius weakness and gluteal muscle tenderness are common symptoms in people with nonspecific LBP .Surface electromyography (sEMG), a measure of muscle activity, allows both a patient and clinician to have direct and immediate access to muscle functioning that is not possible with manual palpation or visual observation. In addition too much or too little physical activity is associated with low back pain.
Objective: To analyze the activity of gluteus maximus and medius with surface EMG among young male adults with nonspecific low back pain. To analyze the correlation between IPAQ and NPRS among young male adults with nonspecific low backpain.
Participants and Methods: This observational study was conducted in six dots health enhancement academy with total of 50 participants. The participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling method used is convenient sampling method. The outcome measure used was (sEMG), IPAQ and NPRS.
Results: There is a significant, weakness of right and left gluteus medius. The EMG activity of right and left gluteus medius (R=44.37, L=44.34) indicates the weakness compared to EMG activity of right and left gluteus maximus (R=47.41, L=47.01). There is a significant correlation between NPRS and IPAQ; the p value0.027 which is <0.05.
Conclusion: This observational study results proved that there is a significant difference between EMG activity of gluteus medius and maximus, in which gluteus medius muscles were weaker than gluteus maximus muscles among young male adults. There is a significant correlation between numerical pain rating scale and international physical activity questionnaire, which states that increase in physical activity, can increase severity of pain among young male adults.
Accuracy of Toric Intraocular Lens Axis Alignment Using Manual Slit Lamp Method and CALLISTO Eye Image-Guided System
Authors: Riyanto Setiyo Budi , Ratna Sari Dwi Cahyani , Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono D. , . Suhardjo , Sasongko Muhammad Bayu 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Image-guided systems are the gold standard for determining toric intraocular lens (IOL) axis alignment. However, their high cost prevents widespread use of these systems. As an alternative, a simpler and affordable method could be performed manually using a slit-lamp biomicroscope. This study aims to compare the accuracy of manual toric IOL axis marking using a slit-lamp compared to the CALLISTO eye image-guided system.
Study Design: Prospective comparative
Methods: In this prospective study, toric IOL axis alignment of 42 eyes with cataract and coexisting corneal astigmatism were evaluated using manual slitlamp method and CALLISTO eye image-guided method. Preoperative and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, amount of spherical and astigmatic refractive errors, and postoperative IOL axis alignment were evaluated. Intraclass correlation of the manual method was calculated and the difference of IOL axis alignment to the image-guided method was compared.
Results: Toric IOL implantation reduced the amount of astigmatic refractive error from -1.63 ± 0.65 D to -0.50 ± 0.19 D in the image-guided group and from -1.93 ± -0.90 D to -0.87 ± 0.26 D in the manual slitlamp group. As many as 90.5% of eyes in the image-guided group and 81.0% of eyes in the manual slitlamp group reached the target induced astigmatism (p=0.38). Manual axis marking showed intraclass correlation of 99.3%. However, when the manual method was compared to the image-guided method a mean difference in axis alignment of 10.98o (95% confidence interval: 9.32o - 12.63o) was observed.
Conclusions: Alignment of toric IOL axis using the manual method demonstrated a consistent result; yet producing a considerable difference to the result of the image-guided method.
Dosimetric assessment of patient dose calculation on a deep learning‐based synthesized computed tomography image for adaptive radiotherapy
Authors: Lemus Olga M. Dona , Wang Yi‐Fang , Li Fiona , Jambawalikar Sachin , Horowitz David P. , Xu Yuanguang , Wuu Cheng‐Shie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeDose computation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is inaccurate for the purpose of adaptive treatment planning. The main goal of this study is to assess the dosimetric accuracy of synthetic computed tomography (CT)‐based calculation for adaptive planning in the upper abdominal region. We hypothesized that deep learning‐based synthetically generated CT images will produce comparable results to a deformed CT (CTdef) in terms of dose calculation, while displaying a more accurate representation of the daily anatomy and therefore superior dosimetric accuracy.MethodsWe have implemented a cycle‐consistent generative adversarial networks (CycleGANs) architecture to synthesize CT images from the daily acquired CBCT image with minimal error. CBCT and CT images from 17 liver stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) patients were used to train, test, and validate the algorithm.ResultsThe synthetically generated images showed increased signal‐to‐noise ratio, contrast resolution, and reduced root mean square error, mean absolute error, noise, and artifact severity. Superior edge matching, sharpness, and preservation of anatomical structures from the CBCT images were observed for the synthetic images when compared to the CTdef registration method. Three verification plans (CBCT, CTdef, and synthetic) were created from the original treatment plan and dose volume histogram (DVH) statistics were calculated. The synthetic‐based calculation shows comparatively similar results to the CTdef‐based calculation with a maximum mean deviation of 1.5%.ConclusionsOur findings show that CycleGANs can produce reliable synthetic images for the adaptive delivery framework. Dose calculations can be performed on synthetic images with minimal error. Additionally, enhanced image quality should translate into better daily alignment, increasing treatment delivery accuracy.
Semiconducting Metal–Organic Frameworks Decorated with Spatially Separated Dual Cocatalysts for Efficient Uranium(VI) Photoreduction
Authors: Yu Kaifu , Tang Li , Cao Xin , Guo Zhenghong , Zhang Yang , Li Nan , Dong Changxue , Gong Xiang , Chen Tao , He Rong , Zhu Wenkun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReduction of soluble hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) to sparingly soluble tetravalent uranium (U(IV)) with semiconductor photocatalysts is recognized as a novel, green, and simple U‐extraction method. Furthermore, effective charge separation and utilization are critical factors to achieve high‐efficiency U(VI) photoreduction. Herein, a UiO‐66‐based heterostructured photocatalyst (MnOx/UiO‐66/Ti3C2Tx) with spatially separated dual cocatalysts (MnOx nanoparticles and Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets) is successfully developed for efficient U(VI) photoreduction without sacrificial agents. As co‐catalysts, MnOx nanoparticles favor the trapping of holes, while Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets tend to collect electrons. Consequently, the photogenerated holes and electrons flow into and out of the photocatalyst, respectively, achieving efficient charge separation required by MnOx/UiO‐66/Ti3C2Tx to remove U(VI). Impressively, the U(VI) removal ratio via MnOx/UiO‐66/Ti3C2Tx reaches to 98.4% in the U(VI) solution after 60 min, with a photoreaction rate constant of 0.0948 min−1. Moreover, MnOx/UiO‐66/Ti3C2Tx exhibits brilliant U(VI) extraction capacity in various U(VI) wastewater and U(VI)‐spiked real seawater. Further mechanistic studies indicates that the photogenerated electrons are transferred from the conduction band of UiO‐66 to Ti3C2Tx MXene to reduce U(VI) and generate ·O2–, further leading to a stable crystal phase of (UO2)O2·2H2O. Furthermore, the photogenerated holes are extracted by MnOx nanoparticles in MnOx/UiO‐66/Ti3C2Tx to oxidize water.
High Efficiency of over 25% and Long Device Lifetime of over 500 h at 1000 nit in Blue Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Park Jinho , Kim Ki Ju , Lim Junseop , Kim Taekyung , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, a multiple resonance (MR) type blue emitter is synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for highly efficient and stable blue fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The MR blue fluorescent emitter has a di‐tert‐butyl benzene substituent in the MR core structure to minimize quenching mechanisms by intermolecular interaction. The emitter shows a high photoluminescence quantum yield and small full width at half maximum of 22 nm, which realize high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 11.4% in the single unit OLED and device lifetime up to 95% of the initial luminance (LT95) of 208 h at 1000 cd m−2 and over 10 000 h at 100 cd m−2. The optimized tandem device of the new blue emitter achieves high EQE over 25% and extremely long LT95 of over 500 h at 1000 cd m−2 and 30 000 h at 100 cd m−2. The lifetime of this work is one of the best data of blue OLED lifetime reported in the literature.
A Universal Strategy of Intermolecular Exchange to Stabilize α‐FAPbI3 and Manage Crystal Orientation for High‐Performance Humid‐Air‐Processed Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Min , Sun Haoxuan , Meng Linxing , Wang Meng , Li Liang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPreparation of high‐performance perovskite solar cells without strict environmental control is an inevitable trend of commercialization. Humidity is considered the main factor hindering perovskite performance. Formamidine (FA)‐based perovskites suffer from the instability of photoactive black α‐FAPbI3, especially in humid air, and numerous defects in the surface and bulk of perovskite films limit their performance. In this work, long‐chain n‐heptylamine (nHA) is introduced via antisolvent engineering into an FA‐based perovskite film. nHA removes the negative intermediate adduct and promotes the formation of α‐FAPbI3 at room temperature in humid air via intermolecular exchange behavior. Moreover, the existence of nHA in the final perovskite film also reduces the defects and suppresses ion migration. The champion device delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.7% (certificated 22.76%) with negligible hysteresis, and the fabricated devices exhibit superior reproductivity. The device stability is also enhanced, maintaining 95% of its initial PCE after 1500 h in ambient air. Moreover, the PCE has no attenuation at the maximum power point under continuous 1‐sun light soaking for 500 h. The universality of this method is also demonstrated by other perovskite compositions, including methylamine lead iodine (MAPbI3) and FAxMA1−xPbI3 in humid air.
Exchange Bias in Molecule/Fe3GeTe2 van der Waals Heterostructures via Spinterface Effects
Authors: Jo Junhyeon , Calavalle Francesco , Martín‐García Beatriz , Tezze Daniel , Casanova Fèlix , Chuvilin Andrey , Hueso Luis E. , Gobbi Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe exfoliation of layered magnetic materials generates atomically thin flakes characterized by an ultrahigh surface sensitivity, which makes their magnetic properties tunable via external stimuli, such as electrostatic gating and proximity effects. Another powerful approach to engineer magnetic materials is molecular functionalization, generating hybrid interfaces with tailored magnetic interactions, called spinterfaces. However, spinterface effects have not yet been explored on layered magnetic materials. Here, the emergence of spinterface effects is demonstrated at the interface between flakes of the prototypical layered magnetic metal Fe3GeTe2 and thin films of Co‐phthalocyanine. Magnetotransport measurements show that the molecular layer induces a magnetic exchange bias in Fe3GeTe2, indicating that the unpaired spins in Co‐phthalocyanine develop antiferromagnetic ordering and pin the magnetization reversal of Fe3GeTe2 via magnetic proximity. The effect is strongest for a Fe3GeTe2 thickness of 20 nm, for which the exchange bias field reaches −840 Oe at 10 K and is measurable up to ≈110 K. This value compares very favorably with previous exchange bias fields reported for Fe3GeTe2 in all‐inorganic van der Waals heterostructures, demonstrating the potential of molecular functionalization to tailor the magnetism of van der Waals layered materials.
Corrosion Chemistry of Electrocatalysts
Authors: Li Fu‐Min , Huang Lei , Zaman Shahid , Guo Wei , Liu Hongfang , Guo Xingpeng , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectrocatalysts are the core components of many sustainable energy conversion technologies that are considered the most potential solution to the worldwide energy and environmental crises. The reliability of structure and composition pledges that electrocatalysts can achieve predictable and stable performance. However, during the electrochemical reaction, electrocatalysts are influenced directly by the applied potential, the electrolyte, and the adsorption/desorption of reactive species, triggering structural and compositional corrosion, which directly affects the catalytic behaviors of electrocatalysts (performance degradation or enhancement) and invalidates the established structure–activity relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the corrosion behavior and mechanism of electrocatalysts to formulate targeted corrosion‐resistant strategies or use corrosion reconstruction synthesis techniques to guide the preparation of efficient and stable electrocatalysts. Herein, the most recent developments in electrocatalyst corrosion chemistry are outlined, including corrosion mechanisms, mitigation strategies, and corrosion syntheses/reconstructions based on typical materials and important electrocatalytic reactions. Finally, potential opportunities and challenges are also proposed to foresee the possible development in this field. It is believed that this contribution will raise more awareness regarding nanomaterial corrosion chemistry in energy technologies and beyond.