bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRBP: A prioritized replica balancing policy for HDFS balancer
Authors: Fazul Rhauani Weber Aita , Barcelos Patrícia Pitthan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractData replication is the main fault tolerance mechanism implemented by the Apache Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The placement of the data across the cluster directly affects replica balancing and data locality. The HDFS Balancer is the native solution to rebalance the data distribution by moving the blocks from over‐utilized to under‐utilized nodes. Nevertheless, its current balancing policy does not address the characteristics and specific needs of the applications during data rearrangement. In this work, we present the PRBP, a customized replica balancing policy for the HDFS Balancer. The PRBP is based on a system of priorities, which can be adapted and configured according to different demands of use, either these are related to heterogeneous environments or focused on improving data reliability and availability. The priorities define whether system metrics or aspects of the cluster topology should be considered during the execution of the HDFS Balancer, thus making the process of replica balancing in HDFS more flexible. Based on the priority system, we determine association rules that allow the use of multiple priorities simultaneously. Along with these rules, we present guidelines for using the PRBP as a specialized solution in scenarios that can benefit from reactive replica balancing. In addition, we conducted a practical experimentation to highlight the behavior and the applicability of the guidelines of the PRBP to prioritize replica rearrangement in the file system.
Effect of nutrient and culture conditions on enhanced biodegradation of phenolic pollutants: A review on recent development and future prospective
Authors: Priyadarshini Ankita , Mishra Soumya , Sahoo Mitali Madhusmita , Rout Prangya Ranjan , Sahoo Naresh Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid growth and development of industrial sectors releases massive amounts of phenolic contaminants into the aquatic environment. Bioremediation is a long‐term and cost‐effective way of removing phenolic contaminants from the environment. The success of bioremediation depends heavily on the biomass growth, enzymatic activities of microbial communities, their interactions, and other cellular metabolic activities related to phenolic degradation. Thus, the current review paper focuses on evaluating the microbial remediation of phenolic contaminants as well as the many challenges that come with it, with special reference to: (i) uses, occurrence of phenolic pollutants, and contamination levels; (ii) factors affecting phenolic biodegradation and biomass growth, such as the effect of temperature, pH, agitation speed, carbon sources, inoculum size, and age. The nutritional requirements for improved microbial growth and biodegradation of phenolic from contaminated environments were also highlighted, with a particular emphasis on the role of culture medium components and various redox mediators in phenolic compound removal. The efficiency of phenolic biodegradation has also been compared with a number of previously described advanced oxidation processes.
An Invitation to Stochastic Differential Equations in Healthcare
Authors: Breda Dimitri , Canci Jung Kyu , D’Ambrosio Raffaele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn important problem in finance is the evaluation of the value in the future of assets (e.g., shares in company, currencies, derivatives, patents). The change of the values can be modeled with differential equations. Roughly speaking, a typical differential equation in finance has two components, one deterministic (e.g., rate of interest of bank accounts) and one stochastic (e.g., values of stocks) that is often related to the notion of Brownian motions. The solution of such a differential equation needs the evaluation of Riemann–Stieltjes’s integrals for the deterministic part and Ito’s integrals for the stochastic part. For A few types of such differential equations, it is possible to determine an exact solution, e.g., a geometric Brownian motion. On the other side for almost all stochastic differential equations we can only provide approximations of a solution. We present some numerical methods for solving stochastic differential equations.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Authors: Lawenko Michael M. , Sta Clara Eva Lourdes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAppedicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Traditionally it has been treated by doing open surgery. However, with the advent of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic appendectomy has been gaining popularity. Laparoscopic appendectomy has several advantages over the open appendectomy like faster recovery and lesser post operative pain. This chapter aims to teach the reader on how to do laparoscopic appendectomy.
Meckel’s Diverticula
Authors: Sta Clara Eva Lourdes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMeckel’s diverticulum is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the small intestine, which resulted from the incomplete obliteration of the vitelline duct during embryogenesis. It is usually located at the terminal ileum 45–90 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve on its antimesenteric border. Almost half of the patients with this anomaly have ectopic gastric or pancreatic mucosa, which might cause some complications [1].
Image Systems in Endo-Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Lawenko Michael M. , Versoza-Delgado Angelica Feliz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe field of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has seen tremendous growth and advancement since its advent in the 1980s. New procedures, MIS techniques, and instruments are evolving regularly which makes it important for surgeons to be familiar with these developments. MIS is a technologically dependent specialty and every surgeon is expected to have good background knowledge of new instruments and imaging systems. Endo-laparoscopic surgery is conducted using an array of imaging devices that are all interconnected.
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: Retroperitoneal Approach
Authors: Fuentes Marilou B. , Keat Cheah Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the advent of advances in radiologic imaging, there is an increase in the number of diagnosed cases of Adrenal Incidentaloma (adrenal mass ≥ 1 cm diameter, discovered on imagining done for other organs). Prevalence of which is around 2% and noted to increase with age, affecting 4% of middle-aged and increases to 10% in elderly patients. Tumor of the adrenal gland more than 4 cm in diameter or if the mass enlarges by 1 cm during observation period is recommended to be surgically removed after thorough endocrine clearance. The concept of minimally invasive surgery changed the approach to adrenal tumors but did not changed the indications and goals of treatment [1–4]. Posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy has the advantage of direct approach without mobilizing adjacent structures justifying the shorter operative time and lower blood loss. The only drawback of this technique is the unfamiliar anatomic view of retroperitoneal space [5]. A study on learning curve for retroperitoneoscopic approach done by Barczynski and Walz showed that 20–25 cases should be done by an apprentice under the supervision of an experienced surgeon before being able to have a mean operative time of 90 min [6].
Laparoscopic Choledochotomy for Bile Duct Stones
Authors: Bac Nguyen Hoang , Hai Pham Minh , Tuan Le Quan Anh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLaparoscopic common bile duct exploration was first reported in the early 90′. Although this procedure has proved beneficial, the widespread adoption of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration is limited because of the technical complex, the need for specialized instruments (choledochoscope), and limited exposure and training of the surgical team to LCBDE.
Endo-Laparoscopic Suturing and Knotting: Tips and Tricks
Authors: Shah Tuhin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring General Surgery training, suturing and knot-tying for open surgery is relatively easy and one of the initial skills to be acquired and mastered. In contrast, similar skills in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) are more challenging to acquire and take an eternity to achieve proficiency. Competence and confidence in laparoscopic suturing allow the surgeon to venture into complex procedures and is an indispensable skill for dealing with intraoperative events.
Totally Extraperitoneal Approach in Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Lomanto Davide , Sta Clara Eva Lourdes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInguinal hernia can be repaired endoscopically via three methods namely total extraperitoneal (TEP), transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP), and the less common intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair. The first two are widely utilized for the obvious advantages of lower recurrence and complication rates, and better outcome (less pain, less analgesic reqirement, less surgical site infection, reduced length of hospital stay, early return to daily activity, etc.) when compared to the open repair while covering all the potential hernia site in the myopectineal orifice with a large prosthesis [1, 2]. The TEP approach has a lower risk of intra-abdominal injury to organs and postoperative adhesions. On the other hand, in the TAPP approach, the contralateral side can be examined for occult or undiagnosed hernia and it can be useful as a diagnostic tool in an emergency hernia repair of irreducible cases.
Extraperitoneal Ventral Hernia Repair
Authors: Imamura Kiyotaka , Radu Victor Gheorghe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract“Bridged-IPOM” of Leblanc has been introduced in the 1990s [1]. IPOM is still the mainstay of the repair of ventral hernia, but it has not been without limitation. Adhesive bowel obstruction, mesh erosion, enterocutaneous fistula, and chronic pain are due to tight mesh fixations [2]. Extraperitoneal mesh placement offer advantages: the retromuscular positioning of the mesh permits the integration of both sides, providing the repair with superior tensile strength and costly coated mesh is unnecessary. Nevertheless, the laparoscopic extraperitoneal approach continues to pose limitation in available degree of freedom and significant ergonomic challenge to the operating surgeons.
Role of Botulinum Toxin-A in Chemical Component Separation Technique
Authors: Malik Sajid , Lomanto Davide 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVentral incisional hernia is one of the most common log-term surgical complications after open midline surgeries and accounts for almost 20–30% of the cases [1, 2]. Repair of this incisional hernia is always challenging for general surgeons, especially for complex abdominal wall hernia (CAWH) which also have a major physical, social, and mental repercussions on patients [3]. Ramirez et al. devised a component separation technique (CST) which aims medicalization of rectus abdominis muscles by complete division of bilateral external oblique aponeurosis [4].
Endo-laparoscopic Repair of Lateral Ventral Hernia
Authors: Kit James Lee Wai , Malik Sajid , Wijerathne Sujith , Lomanto Davide 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLateral ventral hernia (LVH) repair is a challenging procedure for surgeons because of the difficult anatomy, the difficult location, the little knowledge on treatment as compared to midline defects, and the scarcity of cases and experience. Till now the poor outcomes including the potential risks of postoperative pain, infection, and higher risk of recurrence have compromised the success of several approaches [1–5].
Robotic Surgery: Operating Room Setup and Docking
Authors: Malik Sajid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRobotic surgery (RS) continues to impart its role in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) since its first emergence. It has rapidly been adopted by different specialties including general surgery, urology, gynecology, and orthopedic surgery, and now is becoming a mainstay of MIS technique around the globe [1–3]. During the last 30 years, many different robotic systems came into surgical practice but the da Vinci® is currently the most commonly utilized and is available in four different models (standard, streamlined, streamlined High definition, S-integrated). Despite its enhanced view of 3D system and angulations of instruments, its practical application for training surgical residents is less emphasized and addressed [4, 5]. This chapter will guide in the basic principles of setting operating room and equipments for da Vinici®. It is further emphasized that hands-on training on simulators and in operating rooms under a trained mentor is highly suggestive of learning robotic skills.
Neoformation of exotic copper minerals from gel-like precursors at the Exótica deposit, Chuquicamata, Chile
Authors: Lambiel Frédéric , Dold Bernhard , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Fontboté Lluís 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAt the Exótica deposit, south of the giant porphyry copper deposit of Chuquicamata (Atacama Desert, Chile), Cu-rich groundwater seeped out at several locations in the Exótica open pit (Mina Sur) during sampling in 2009–2011. At their outflows, these solutions formed blueish and greenish copper-bearing gel-like precipitates. These gels contained atacamite and copper sulfate hydroxides such as devilline, spangolite, posnjakite, schulenbergite, and brochantite, which were identified by XRD, SEM, ESEM, and FTIR. The formation of the gel materials was studied under humid and dry conditions during and after maturation and water evaporation. Atacamite was found associated to outflowing saline solutions with pH 5.7, SO4/Cl weight ratios of 0.42–0.48, SO4/NO3 ratios of 0.48–0.50. These solutions are seen as an expression of the the lower aquifer of the Calama basin. Most copper sulfate hydroxides (spangolite, posnjakite, schulenbergite) were associated with slightly acidic freshwaters (pH 6.0 to 6.5, SO4/Cl ratios of 3.08–4.99, SO4/NO3 ratios of 2.52–3.13). In contrast, devilline formed in gels with near neutral to slightly alkaline water (pH 7.2 to 7.8, SO4/Cl ratio of 8.34, and SO4/NO3 ratio of 6.05). Non-copper-bearing precipitates formed by evaporation of the supernatant solutions from the gel. Gypsum precipitated first, then blödite (sodium-magnesium sulfate), and finally halite. Slightly negative sulfur isotope values suggest that the sulfur source in the neoformed gels is primarily the oxidation of sulfides rather than sulfate of sedimentary origin. The studied copper-gel seeps suggest that they might represent a modern precursor of the latest atacamite-brochantite-gypsum mineralization event at Exótica. These data support that the atacamite-brochantite-gypsum mineralization at Exótica is linked to the inflow of Cl-SO4-dominated groundwater from the lower saline aquifer of the Calama basin into the Chuquicamata-Exótica-Radomiro Tomic complex.
Moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy increases potency of two different drugs (the antifungal fluconazole and the antiepileptic valproate) in inducing craniofacial defects: prediction by the in vitro rat whole embryo culture
Authors: Metruccio Francesca , Battistoni Maria , Di Renzo Francesca , Moretto Angelo , Menegola Elena 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The prenatal exposure to ethanol (Eth), fluconazole (FLUCO) and sodium valproate (VPA) is related to effects on development, producing characteristic syndromic pictures. Among embryotoxic effects described for the three molecules, the alteration on craniofacial morphogenesis is a common feature in humans and animal models, including rodent embryos developed in vitro. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the developmental effects of low Eth serum concentration (17 mM, corresponding to the legal limit to drive in UK, USA, Canada, and many other countries) in mixture with increasing realistic concentrations of the antifungal drug FLUCO (62.5–500 µM) or with increasing realistic concentrations of the antiepileptic drug VPA (31.25–250 µM). Groups exposed to Eth alone (17–127.5 mM), FLUCO alone (62.5–500 µM) or VPA alone (31.25–750 µM) were also included. The chosen alternative animal model was the post-implantation rat whole embryo culture (WEC). E9.5 embryos were exposed in vitro to the test molecules during the whole test period (48 h, corresponding to the developmental stages characteristics of any vertebrate, for human embryos post-fertilization days 23–31). Data were statistically analyzed and processed for modelling applying the benchmark dose (BMD) and relative potency factor (RPF) approaches. Concentration-related effects on facial outcomes were observed in all experimental groups, with a significant enhancement in the groups co-exposed with Eth in comparison to the single exposures. Data obtained by the present work suggest an additional alert for the assumption of even low levels of alcohol in pregnant women during FLUCO or VPA therapy.
Gravitational Collapse for Polytropic Gaseous Stars: Self-Similar Solutions
Authors: Guo Yan , Hadžić Mahir , Jang Juhi , Schrecker Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the supercritical range of the polytropic indices $$\gamma \in (1,\frac{4}{3})$$

γ
∈
(
1
,

4
3

)

we show the existence of smooth radially symmetric self-similar solutions to the gravitational Euler–Poisson system. These solutions exhibit gravitational collapse in the sense that the density blows up in finite time. Some of these solutions were numerically found by Yahil in 1983 and they can be thought of as polytropic analogues of the Larson–Penston collapsing solutions in the isothermal case $$\gamma =1$$

γ
=
1

. They each contain a sonic point, which leads to numerous mathematical difficulties in the existence proof.
A novel and improved selective media for the isolation and enumeration of Klebsiella species
Authors: Prasad Megha , Shetty Sindhu K. , Nair Bipin G. , Pal Sanjay , Madhavan Ajith 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Bacterial pathogens are fostered in and transmitted through wastewater. Hence, monitoring their impact on sanitation and hygiene is imperative. As part of the monitoring process, culture-based methodologies are primarily used, which centre on the use of selective and differential media. Media available today are, at best, difficult to formulate and, at worst, prohibitively expensive. To address this lacuna, the study proposes a selective and differential medium for Klebsiella spp. Klebsiella blue agar (KBA) is completely selective against selected gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus) and a few gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter baumanii, Serratia marcescens). On the other hand, it supports the growth of the chosen members of the Klebsiella pneumoniae species-complex with a characteristic green colouration. Methylene blue, tryptophan, and bile salt make up the selective components of KBA. Moreover, methylene blue, 0.6% NaCl, and glycerol render it differential. KBA was more selective than HiCrome™ Klebsiella Selective Agar Base (KSA) in replica plating experiments. KBA promoted only 157 CFUs against 209 CFUs in KSA when stamped with 253 CFUs grown on LB. The colonies so isolated were predominantly Klebsiella spp., on identification through colony polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the differential nature of KBA distinguished Klebsiella aerogenes from other species. On the contrary, KSA lodged colonies indistinguishable from each other and Klebsiella spp. Due to its ease of formulation, high selectivity, differential nature, and cost-effective composition, KBA is a viable option for the routine culture of Klebsiella spp. in environmental and clinical settings.

Key points
• Formulated a novel selective and differential media for Klebsiella spp., named Klebsiella Blue agar
• Facile formulation methodology
• Can be employed to isolate Klebsiella spp. from complex sources such as wastewater
Pre-treatment soluble PD-L1 as a predictor of overall survival for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Széles Ádám , Fazekas Tamás , Váncsa Szilard , Váradi Melinda , Kovács Petra Terézia , Krafft Ulrich , Grünwald Viktor , Hadaschik Boris , Csizmarik Anita , Hegyi Péter , Váradi Alex , Nyirády Péter , Szarvas Tibor 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 agents have been proven to be effective in various cancers. However, the rate of non-responders is still high in all cancer entities. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers that could help to optimize therapeutic decision-making is of great clinical importance. Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) and PD-1 (sPD-1) are emerging blood-based biomarkers and were previously shown to be prognostic in various clinical studies.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of sPD-L1 and sPD-1 in patients with different tumor entities who underwent ICI therapy.

Methods
We searched for articles in PubMed via Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); furthermore, we analyzed on-treatment serum level changes of sPD-L1 and sPD-1 during ICI therapy.

Results
We synthesized the data of 1,054 patients with different cancer types from 15 articles. Pooled univariate analysis showed that elevated levels of sPD-L1 were significantly associated with inferior OS (HR = 1.67; CI:1.26–2.23, I2 = 79%, p < 0.001). The strongest association was found in non-small cell lung cancer, whereas weaker or no association was observed in melanoma as well as in renal cell and esophageal cancers. Pooled multivariate analysis also showed that elevated levels of sPD-L1 correlated with worse OS (HR = 1.62; CI: 1.00–2.62, I2 = 84%, p = 0.05) and PFS (HR = 1.71; CI:1.00–2.94, I2 = 82%, p = 0.051). Furthermore, we observed that one or three months of anti-PD-L1 treatment caused a strong (27.67-fold) elevation of sPD-L1 levels in malignant mesothelioma and urothelial cancer.

Conclusions
We found significantly inferior OS in ICI-treated cancer patients with elevated pre-treatment sPD-L1 levels, but this association seems to be tumor type dependent. In addition, sPD-L1 increases during anti-PD-L1 therapy seems to be therapy specific.
Influence of geometrical parameters on the hysteresis of flutter onset in confined configurations
Authors: Jankee Girish K. , Ganapathisubramani Bharathram 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The interaction between a flow and a flexible structure can provide fascinating insight into the vortex shedding phenomenon and any propagation and mixing characteristics, which relate to a plethora of applications such as heat transfer, snoring, musical instruments, or propulsion mechanisms. In this investigation, the influence of confinement on the flapping behaviour of a flexible flag is explored. In particular, hysteresis, one of the least understood aspects of flapping flags, and its sensitivity on both the flexural rigidity of the flag and the confinement ratio is addressed. For the same test-section dimensions and flag material, variations in the flag thickness and flag length enable a range of mass ratios ($$M^*$$

M
∗

) and confinement ratios ($$C^*$$

C
∗

) to be studied. Pressure measurements and high-speed imaging allow quantification of the hysteretic behaviour. The results demonstrate that although confinement ratio does not contribute to the existence of hysteresis, the relation between the critical reduced velocities and the mass ratio is sensitive to the degree of confinement.

Graphical abstract