bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Immune-Related Gene Signature for Risk Stratification and Prognosis of Survival in ER (+) and/or PR (+) and HER2 (−) Breast Cancer
Authors: Du Feng , Zheng Fangchao , Han Ying , Zhao Jiuda , Yuan Peng 
Published: June 2022

Background: Although intrinsic molecular subtype has been widely used, there remains great clinical heterogeneity of prognosis in the estrogen receptor (ER)- and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (BC).Methods: The transcriptome expression data of messenger RNA (mRNA) were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC), and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Immune-related genes were acquired from the ImmPort database and additional literature search. Univariate Cox, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression were used to screen prognostic immune-related genes and establish the risk signature. The correlation between the risk signature and clinical characteristics, the abundances of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, and cancer phenotypes were further assessed.Results: Of note, 102 immune-related prognostic genes were identified in the METABRIC dataset by univariate Cox analysis. Consecutively, 7 immune-related genes (SHMT2, AGA, COL17A1, FLT3, SLC7A2, ATP6AP1, and CCL19) were selected to establish the risk signature by LASSO regression and multivariate Cox analysis. Its performance was further verified in TCGA and GSE21653 datasets. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the risk signature was an independent prognostic factor. The 7-gene signature showed a significant correlation with intrinsic molecular subtypes and 70-gene signature. Furthermore, the CD4+ memory T cells were significantly higher in the low-risk group while a significantly higher proportion of M0-type macrophages was found in the high-risk group in both METABRIC and TCGA cohorts, which may have an influence on the prognosis. Furthermore, we found that the low-risk group may be associated with the immune-related pathway and the high-risk group was with the cell cycle-related pathway, which also showed an impact on the prognosis.Conclusion: These seven immune-related gene risk signatures provided an effective method for prognostic stratification in ER (+) and/or PR (+) and HER2 (−) BC.
Bioinformatics and System Biology Approach to Reveal the Interaction Network and the Therapeutic Implications for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Zhuang Zhenjie , Zhong Xiaoying , Chen Qianying , Chen Huiqi , Liu Zhanhua 
Published: June 2022

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the leading cause of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is an emerging global health crisis. Lung cancer patients are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. With the increasing number of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with COVID-19, there is an urgent need of efficacious drugs for the treatment of COVID-19/NSCLC.Methods: Based on a comprehensive bioinformatic and systemic biological analysis, this study investigated COVID-19/NSCLC interactional hub genes, detected common pathways and molecular biomarkers, and predicted potential agents for COVID-19 and NSCLC.Results: A total of 122 COVID-19/NSCLC interactional genes and 21 interactional hub genes were identified. The enrichment analysis indicated that COVID-19 and NSCLC shared common signaling pathways, including cell cycle, viral carcinogenesis, and p53 signaling pathway. In total, 10 important transcription factors (TFs) and 44 microRNAs (miRNAs) participated in regulations of 21 interactional hub genes. In addition, 23 potential candidates were predicted for the treatment of COVID-19 and NSCLC.Conclusion: This study increased our understanding of pathophysiology and screened potential drugs for COVID-19 and NSCLC.
Pregnancy-Related Stress Among Pregnant Women Receiving Tocolytic and Non-Tocolytic Treatments Where Both Used Complementary Medicine
Authors: Hsu Chen-Yuan , Chen Ching-Li , Tsai Li-Yun , Tsai Jung-Mei 
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study aimed to compare the pregnancy stress among pregnant women in receiving tocolytic and non-tocolytic treatments where both used complementary medicine.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 35 pregnant women receiving tocolytic treatment and 35 receiving non-tocolytic treatment, where both used complementary medicine in a medical center in central Taiwan. A basic information questionnaire that contained demographic variables and types of complementary medicine used and the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale were used for the analysis.Results: The types of complementary medicines were surveyed using the multiple-choice questionnaire. Natural products (77.5%) were most commonly used by pregnant women receiving tocolytic treatment, followed by alternative medicine (13.75%), manipulative and body-based practices (5%), and mind and body medicine (3.75%). In pregnant women who were receiving non-tocolytic treatment, natural products (59.1%) were most commonly used, followed by manipulative and body-based practices (16.4%), alternative medicine (15.4%), mind and body medicine (7.3%), and energy therapy (1.8%). According to the analysis of covariance test results, while both used complementary medicine in groups, pregnant women receiving tocolytic treatment were less stressed than those who were receiving non-tocolytic treatment (Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale score, p = 0.038), especially in dimension 2 (stress caused by infant care and changes in family relationships) (p = 0.015) and dimension 5 (stress caused by changes in physical appearance and function) (p = 0.008), which showed statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05). Linear regression analysis results showed that the gestational age significantly associated with pregnancy stress (Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale score, p = 0.029; dimension 2, p = 0.016; and dimension 5, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Among both who used complementary medicine, pregnancy stress was significantly lower in pregnant women who were receiving tocolytic treatment than in those who were receiving non-tocolytic treatment. This finding can be used as a reference for future pregnant women’s health studies.
Zoledronic Acid Targeting of the Mevalonate Pathway Causes Reduced Cell Recruitment and Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Tanner Lloyd , Bergwik Jesper , Single Andrew B. , Bhongir Ravi K. V. , Erjefält Jonas S. , Egesten Arne 
Published: June 2022

Background and aim: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease causing irreparable scarring of lung tissue, with most patients succumbing rapidly after diagnosis. The mevalonate pathway, which is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and motility, is targeted by the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA). The aim of this study was to assess the antifibrotic effects of ZA and to elucidate the mechanisms by which potential IPF treatment occurs.Methods: A series of in vitro and in vivo models were employed to identify the therapeutic potential of ZA in treating IPF. In vitro transwell assays were used to assess the ability of ZA to reduce fibrotic-related immune cell recruitment. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) was screened as a potential antifibrotic target using a bleomycin mouse model. FDPS-targeting siRNA and ZA were administered to mice following the onset of experimentally-induced lung fibrosis. Downstream analyses were conducted on murine lung tissues and lung fluids including 23-plex cytokine array, flow cytometry, histology, Western blotting, immunofluorescent staining, and PCR analysis.Results:In vitro administration of ZA reduced myofibroblast transition and blocked NF-κB signaling in macrophages leading to impaired immune cell recruitment in a transwell assay. FDPS-targeting siRNA administration significantly attenuated profibrotic cytokine production and lung damage in a murine lung fibrosis model. Furthermore, ZA treatment of mice with bleomycin-induced lung damage displayed decreased cytokine levels in the BALF, plasma, and lung tissue, resulting in less histologically visible fibrotic scarring. Bleomycin-induced upregulation of the ZA target, FDPS, was reduced in lung tissue and fibroblasts upon ZA treatment. Confirmatory increases in FDPS immunoreactivity was seen in human IPF resected lung samples compared to control tissue indicating potential translational value of the approach. Additionally, ZA polarized macrophages towards a less profibrotic phenotype contributing to decreased IPF pathogenesis.Conclusion: This study highlights ZA as an expedient and efficacious treatment option against IPF in a clinical setting.
Synergic action of L-acetylcarnitine and L-methylfolate in Mouse Models of Stress-Related Disorders and Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons
Authors: Orlando Rosamaria , Ginerete Roxana Paula , Cavalleri Laura , Aliperti Vincenza , Imbriglio Tiziana , Battaglia Giuseppe , Zuena Anna Rita , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Merlo Pich Emilio , Collo Ginetta 
Published: June 2022

The epigenetic agents, L-acetylcarnitine (LAC) and L-methylfolate (MF) are putative candidates as add-on drugs in depression. We evaluated the effect of a combined treatment with LAC and MF in two different paradigms of chronic stress in mice and in human inducible pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) differentiated into dopaminergic neurons. Two groups of mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) for 28 days or chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 21 day, and LAC (30 or 100 mg/kg) and/or MF (0.75 or 3 mg/kg) were administered i.p. once a day for 14 days, starting from the last week of stress. In both stress paradigms, LAC and MF acted synergistically in reducing the immobility time in the forced swim test and enhancing BDNF protein levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, LAC and MF acted synergistically in enhancing type-2 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu2) protein levels in the hippocampus of mice exposed to CRS. Interestingly, CRS mice treated with MF showed an up-regulation of NFκB p65, which is a substrate for LAC-induced acetylation. We could also demonstrate a synergism between LAC and MF in cultured hiPSCs differentiated into dopamine neurons, by measuring dendrite length and number, and area of the cell soma after 3 days of drug exposure. These findings support the combined use of LAC and MF in the treatment of MDD and other stress-related disorders.
Relationships Between Body Composition and Performance in the High-Intensity Functional Training Workout “Fran” are Modulated by Competition Class and Percentile Rank
Authors: Mangine Gerald T. , McDougle Jacob M. , Feito Yuri 
Published: June 2022

This study examined relationships between body composition and high-intensity functional training (HIFT) workout performance. Fifty-seven men (31.4 ± 6.9 years, 177.2 ± 7.5 cm, 84.7 ± 8.5 kg) and thirty-eight women (29.2 ± 6.4 years, 166.6 ± 6.1 cm, 66.5 ± 7.7 kg) with HIFT experience (≥6 months) reported completing “Fran” (21-15-9 repetitions of barbell thrusters and pull-ups) in 4.78 ± 2.22 min and 6.05 ± 2.84 min, respectively, and volunteered to complete dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessments. Participants were grouped by competition class (men, women, master’s men, master’s women) and percentile rank in “Fran” (≤25th percentile, 25–75th percentiles, ≥75th percentile). Two-way analyses of variance revealed expected differences (p &lt; 0.001) between men and women in non-bone lean mass (NBLM), fat-free mass index, and fat mass, and more NBLM (10.6–10.8 kg) and less fat mass (2.7–5.2 kg) in &gt;75th percentile compared to other percentiles. Most body composition measures were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) related to performance in men and women but limited in master’s men; no relationships were seen in master’s women. “Fran” time was negatively correlated to NBLM and fat-free mass index in all percentile groups (ρ = -0.37 to -0.64) and bone mineral characteristics for &gt;25th percentile (ρ = −0.41 to −0.63), and positively correlated to fat mass in 25–75th percentiles (ρ = 0.33–0.60). No other relationships were seen in ≤25th percentile. The influence of body composition on “Fran” time appears to vary by both competition class and percentile rank. Though training to increase lean mass always seems relevant, reducing body fat only appears relevant in mid-skilled trainees and when it is outside healthy parameters.
Cellular Growth in Aerial Roots Differs From That in Typical Substrate Roots
Authors: Eskov Alen K. , Viktorova Violetta A. , Abakumov Evgeny , Zotz Gerhard 
Published: June 2022

Background and AimsIn the roots of most vascular plants, the growth zone is small, the meristem and the elongation zone are sharply separated, and only meristematic cells divide. This statement is based almost entirely on studies with soil-rooted plants. Whether aerial roots of structurally dependent (=epiphytic/hemiepiphytic) species differ is virtually unexplored.MethodsGrowth of aerial roots in 20 structurally dependent plant species from eight families was studied ex situ. In 12 species, we studied the anatomical structure and distribution of cortex cell lengths and rhizoderm in the growth zone.Key ResultsAll the studied aerial roots had an open apical meristem, and mitoses were not restricted to the meristem. In contrast to belowground roots, relative growth rate did not strongly increase upon transition to the elongation zone, while elongating growth was often prolonged. Still, the relative growth rate was lower than in belowground roots in soil, and in different species, it did not change considerably compared to each other.ConclusionsA distinct elongation zone with rapid cell growth was missing in the studied aerial roots. Rather, there was a growth zone in which division, growth, and differentiation co-occurred. We observed a generally low relative growth rate in aerial roots and a surprisingly similar initial growth pattern in spite of the diversity in taxonomy and ecology, which resembled initial cellular growth in leaves, stems, and fleshy dicotyledonous fruit.
Gender, Addiction, and Removal of Children Into Care
Authors: Russell Lynda , Gajwani Ruchika , Turner Fiona , Minnis Helen 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionParental addiction can result in harm to children and removal of children by the Local Authority. Less is known about the impact of removal of children on their parents and whether gender has a role in this process.MethodsData on 736 service users were obtained from the caseloads of 8 nurses and 12 social care workers from an Alcohol and Drug Recovery Service in Scotland. Gender differences in prevalence/patterns of child removal, associations between child removal and parental factors and the relationship between removal and suicidality were examined.ResultsMothers were more likely to have had one or more children removed compared to fathers (56.6 vs. 17.7%; p &lt; 0.001) and were more likely to have a series of individual child removals (22.5 vs. 4.3%; p = 0.014). In addition to female gender, younger age, drug use, mental health and suicide attempts were also associated with child removal. Mothers who had children removed and women who were not mothers were more likely to have made an attempt to end their lives than women who had children but had not had them removed.ConclusionGender differences were apparent in prevalence and patterns of child removal. Mothers were six times more likely to have children removed compared to fathers. Child removal occurred alongside other risk factors suggesting that families need holistic support for their multiple areas of need. Services should be aware of the link between child removal and suicide and provide additional support to mothers during and after removal.
The Chain Mediating Effect of the Public's Online Health Information-Seeking Behavior on Doctor-Patient Interaction
Authors: Luo Aijing , Yu Zhen , Liu Fei , Xie Wenzhao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis paper aims to explore the influence mechanisms of online health information-seeking behavior (OHISB) on doctor-patient interactions from a psychological perspective, using theory as a guide, which can effectively guide the mode of doctor-patient interaction after search behavior in China.MethodsWe conducted a convenient web-based survey among members of the public who engage in searching behavior in China using a pretested structured questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was performed for path analysis and mediating effect testing.ResultsThe findings of the study show that (1) 4 control variables (education level, occupation, income, and diagnosed disease) had significant differences in online health information-seeking behavior; 7 control variables (age, gender, living area, education level, occupation, income, medical insurance) were significantly different in doctor-patient interaction behaviors. (2) perceived disease severity (95% CI: 0.003, 0.04, P &lt; 0.001), perceived action benefits (95% CI: 0.059, 0.138, P &lt; 0.001), and e-health literacy (95% CI: 0.061, 0.155, P &lt; 0.001) were positive predictors between OHISB and doctor-patient interactions. (2) E-health literacy and perceived disease severity (95% CI: 0.001, 0.013, P &lt; 0.05), and e-health literacy and perceived action benefits (95% CI: 0.082, 0.166, P &lt; 0.001) play chain mediating roles between OHISB and doctor-patient interactions.ConclusionsE-health literacy, perceived disease severity, and perceived action benefits act as chain mediators between OHISB and doctor-patient interactions.
Worker Characteristics and Measures Associated With Patient and Visitor Violence in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multilevel Regression Analysis From China
Authors: Guo Ya-qian , Huang Ju , Xu Na-na , Ma Xiao-jing 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the patient and visitor workplace violence (PVV) toward health workers (HWs) and identify correlations between worker characteristics, measures against violence and exposure to PVV in COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional survey utilizing the international questionnaires in six public tertiary hospitals from Beijing in 2020 was conducted, and valid data from 754 respondents were collected. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to determine the association between independents and exposure to PVV.ResultsDuring COVID-19 pandemic and regular epidemic prevention and control, doctors were 5.3 times (95% CI = 1.59~17.90) more likely to suffer from physical PVV than nurses. HWs most frequently work with infants were 7.2 times (95% CI = 2.24~23.19) more likely to suffer from psychological PVV. More than four-fifth of HWs reported that their workplace had implemented security measures in 2020, and the cross-level interactions between the security measures and profession variable indicates that doctors in the workplace without security measures were 11.3 times (95% CI = 1.09~116.39) more likely to suffer from physical PVV compared to nurses in the workplace with security measures.ConclusionDoctors have higher risk of physical PVV in COVID-19 containment, and the security measures are very important and effective to fight against the physical PVV. Comprehensive measures should be implemented to mitigate hazards and protect the health, safety, and well-being of health workers.
No Differences in Wound Healing and Scar Formation Were Observed in Patients With Different COVID-19 Vaccination Intervals
Authors: Dong Chen , Yu Zhou , Quan Xin , Wei Siming , Wang Jiayang , Ma Xianjie 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSafety concerns are one of the most common reasons for COVID-19 vaccination refusal. In the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery, whether COVID-19 vaccination influences wound healing and scar formation is worthy of special attention.MethodsIn this study, patients with adult trauma with subcutaneous sutures placed by a single plastic surgeon in a single center were included. The vaccination interval was defined as the interval between the last dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and when surgical sutures were introduced. The patients were categorized by vaccination interval into three groups of &lt;1, 1–3, and ≥3 months. Wound healing and scar formation were rated according to the Wound Assessment Inventory (WAI) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) in the groups at 7 days and after a 3-month follow-up.ResultsAll total and individual scores of WAI and POSAS were not significantly different among the groups.ConclusionNo differences in wound healing and scar formation were observed in patients with different COVID-19 vaccination intervals. Thus, it is not necessary to postpone COVID-19 vaccination, as the vaccine does not affect wound healing and scar formation in patients undergoing surgery. This study aimed to eliminate concerns and hesitancy in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.
Demographic Predictors of Mothers' Willingness to Vaccinate Young Children Against COVID-19, Get Tested and Isolate: A Cross-Sectional Survey Before and During the Greater Sydney Lockdown 2021, Australia
Authors: Wen Li Ming , Xu Huilan , Rissel Chris , Kerr Erin , Buchanan Limin , Taki Sarah , Phongsavan Philayrath , Chua Reuel Kangjie , Hua Myna , Wardle Karen , Simone Lisa , Hayes Alison , Baur Louise A. 
Published: June 2022

Background and ObjectivesHaving a COVID-19 vaccination, getting tested, and self-isolating if symptomatic are some of the most important mitigation strategies for preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate whether demographic factors are associated with mothers' willingness to vaccinate their 4-year-old children against COVID-19 if a suitable vaccine becomes available or to get tested and self-isolate if they themselves have COVID-19 symptoms and whether the willingness could be influenced by the Greater Sydney lockdown 2021.MethodsA cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted between 24th February and 26th October 2021. Questions from the NSW Adult Population Health Survey and from previously published studies were used to assess family demographics, mothers' willingness to vaccinate their young children, and willingness to get tested and self-isolate if symptomatic. The survey involved 604 mothers of children aged 4 years who participated in an existing trial in Sydney, Australia.ResultsMothers were more willing to vaccinate their children when the child's father had a tertiary education or higher, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 2.60 (95% CI 1.67–4.04). Mothers who were older than 30 years or who completed the survey during the lockdown were more willing to get tested if symptomatic, with AOR 2.50 (95% CI 1.17–5.36) and AOR 3.36 (95% CI 1.41–8.02), respectively. Mothers who were married or had de-facto partners were more willing to self-isolate if symptomatic [AOR 17.15 (95% CI 3.56–82.65)].ConclusionFathers' educational level, mothers' age, and marital status were associated with mothers' willingness to vaccinate their young children if a suitable vaccine were available, to get tested, and self-isolate if symptomatic respectively. The promotion of mitigation strategies for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic needs to take into account specific family demographics.