bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolic events in glioblastoma patients: An epidemiological study
Authors: Eisele Amanda , Seystahl Katharina , Rushing Elisabeth J. , Roth Patrick , Le Rhun Emilie , Weller Michael , Gramatzki Dorothee 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeVenous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are a major complication in cancer patients, and therefore, also in brain cancer patients, anticoagulants are considered appropriate in the treatment of VTEs.MethodsFrequency, risk factors, and treatment of VTEs, as well as associated complications, were assessed in a population‐based cohort of glioblastoma patients in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Correlations between clinical data and survival were retrospectively analyzed using the log‐rank test and Cox regression models.ResultsFour hundred fourteen glioblastoma patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase wild‐type status were identified. VTEs were documented in 65 patients (15.7%). Median time from tumor diagnosis to the occurrence of a VTE was 1.8 months, and 27 patients were diagnosed with VTEs postoperatively (within 35 days; 42.2%). History of a prior VTE was more common in patients who developed VTEs than in those who did not (p = 0.004). Bevacizumab treatment at any time during the disease course was not associated with occurrence of VTEs (p = 0.593). Most patients with VTEs (n = 61, 93.8%) were treated with therapeutic anticoagulation. Complications occurred in 14 patients (23.0%), mainly intracranial hemorrhages (n = 7, 11.5%). Overall survival did not differ between patients diagnosed with VTEs and those who had no VTE (p = 0.139). Tumor progression was the major cause of death (n = 283, 90.7%), and only three patients (1.0%) died in association with acute VTEs.ConclusionsVenous thromboembolic events occurred early in the disease course, suggesting that the implementation of primary venous thromboembolism prophylaxis during first‐line chemoradiotherapy could be explored in a randomized setting.
Data retention and the future of large‐scale surveillance: The evolution and contestation of judicial benchmarks
Authors: Mitsilegas Valsamis , Guild Elspeth , Kuskonmaz Elif , Vavoula Niovi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRecent and upcoming judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) have resurfaced a much‐debated topic on the legal limitations of law enforcement authorities and intelligence services under EU law in implementing surveillance operations. In its decisions, the CJEU has reinstated and at times remoulded its case‐law on data retention, unearthing a variety of legal issues. This article aims to critically analyse the legal limitations of (indiscriminate) surveillance measures, the role of the private sector in the scheme, and the line between the competence of the Member States and that of the EU on national security matters. It also aims to remark on the latest developments on the reception of the decisions by the Member States and the EU legislator, as well as on the ongoing dialogue between the CJEU and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).
Mango wine making process optimization based on artificial intelligence deep learning technology
Authors: Xubin Hua , Qiao Lin , Fayong Gong , Li Cai , Junhua Liu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper combines artificial intelligence deep learning technology to optimize the wine making process of mango wine. Moreover, in view of the shortcomings of traditional electronic nose data processing methods, a deep learning method based on SSAE‐BPNN is proposed for electronic nose data processing. In addition, according to the characteristics of automatic learning features, this paper uses a deep learning method based on SSAE‐BPNN to simplify the process of traditional data processing methods. Finally, this paper constructs an electronic nose system that can be used to identify mango wine making characteristics, and enhances the effect of electronic nose recognition through deep learning. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the mango wine making process optimization method based on artificial intelligence deep learning technology proposed in this paper has a certain effect, and it has optimized the traditional mango wine making process.
Patterns of functional diversity of native and non‐native fish species in a neotropical floodplain
Authors: Angulo‐Valencia Mirtha A. , Dias Rosa M. , Alves Diego C. , Winemiller Kirk O. , Agostinho Angelo A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Human activities affecting freshwater ecosystems, such as regulation of rivers by dams and introduction of non‐native species, are recognised as major threats to freshwater biodiversity, with fish communities strongly impacted.

We evaluated patterns of functional diversity of native and non‐native species in local fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain over a 33‐year period (1986–2019) in three rivers with different degrees of alteration by dams (highly altered, moderately altered, and little altered). We also examined the effect of non‐native species on functional diversity of native species and investigated the responses of functional traits of native and non‐native fishes in regions with different histories of flow alteration.

We measured 13 functional traits associated with five niche dimensions: feeding, habitat use, metabolism, life history, and defence. Functional diversity was evaluated from functional richness, functional redundancy, and Rao's quadratic entropy. The effect of non‐native species on functional diversity indices of native species was evaluated using a simple linear regression between each index and the level of dominance by non‐native species. To evaluate changes in functional traits of native and non‐native species over time and among rivers, we performed an RLQ analysis.

Functional richness and Rao's quadratic entropy of native species decreased over time, while functional redundance increased especially in the most altered river. The level of dominance by non‐native species was negatively associated with functional richness and Rao's quadratic entropy of native species. Native species that are migratory with high fecundity, single spawning events and large body size were most common during the first 2 decades and within the least altered river. Non‐native species with parental care, multiple spawning, relatively large eggs, and brood defence tended to have greater prevalence during the last 2 decades and within the moderately altered region.

Comparison of temporal trends in the functional diversity and characteristics of native and non‐native fishes within regions of the upper Paraná River floodplain having different levels of environmental alteration suggests that non‐native species and alteration by dams interact to adversely impact the functional diversity of native fishes, with especially strong effects on migratory fishes with a periodic life history strategy.
A post‐national EU diaspora? Political mobilization of EU citizens in the UK post‐Brexit
Authors: Vathi Zana , Trandafoiu Ruxandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the political engagement and mobilization of the EU citizens post‐Brexit and investigates the extent to which these have led to the creation of an EU diaspora in the UK. Qualitative research took place in Liverpool and Southport–two different localities in the North West of the UK that have attracted EU citizens of different demographics. The project included participants from 18 EU different countries, which afforded the investigation of dynamics and different positionalities within the EU population in the UK. These positionalities, the findings show, are broadly organized around a typology that is underpinned by the (geo)politics of the EU: national and regional stances; EU‐oriented stances; non‐alignment. While Brexit triggered a stronger European identity and mobilization on the basis of it, the orientation toward, and investment in, the EU diasporic mobilization among EU citizens differs due to these positionalities. The findings, therefore, point toward the creation of a post‐national EU diaspora in the UK, but also identify the strength of national and regional identities, which could indicate the development of different gravity diaspora points in future, nested in the EU diaspora. The differences in demographics and social capital within the EU citizens population across the UK have implications for local dimensions of the EU diaspora and its impact and legacy in the medium and long term.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder is associated with a higher rate of polypectomy independent of an increased frequency of colonoscopy in Australian veterans: a retrospective review
Authors: Crawford Darrell H. G. , Mellor Rebecca , Teo Andrew , Duenow Patrick , Connelly Luke B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with extensive physical comorbidities, including lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnostic uncertainty and poor therapeutic responses may result in more frequent colonoscopies than clinically necessary. Polypectomy is standard practice when polyps are identified, and if PTSD is a risk factor for polyp formation, one would expect a higher rate of polyp detection and removal in veterans with PTSD than those without PTSD.AimTo determine the association between PTSD and the rate of colonoscopy and polypectomy in Australian veterans.MethodsDiagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy rates in Australian male Veterans aged ≥50 years were examined by reviewing case records of veterans who accessed Department of Veterans' Affairs funded health services between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018.ResultsA total of 138 471 veterans was included, of whom 28 018 had a diagnosis of PTSD; 56.4% were aged ≥65 years. Twenty‐one percent of the entire cohort underwent at least one colonoscopy during the study period. Increased rates of diagnostic colonoscopy and polypectomy were associated with the presence of PTSD across all age brackets. The effect was empirically large as veterans with PTSD experience colonoscopy rates 76–81% greater than those without PTSD. Similarly, veterans with PTSD experienced polypectomy rates 76–81% greater than veterans without PTSD, and this increase persisted when controlling for the increased number of diagnostic colonoscopies they undergo.ConclusionThe presence of PTSD has a marked impact on colonoscopy rates in Australian veterans. The increased polypectomy rate independent of increased colonoscopy rate suggests that PTSD is a risk factor for colonic polyp formation.
Evidence for spatial niche partitioning in the ectocommensal Symbion americanus (Cycliophora) on its lobster host, Homarus americanus (Arthropoda, Malacostraca)
Authors: Sato Shoyo , Law Allison , Giribet Gonzalo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSymbion americanus is a microscopic marine invertebrate in the phylum Cycliophora that lives as an ectocommensal on the mouthparts of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Previous phylogeographic work on S. americanus identified three lineages corresponding to one described and two potential new species, along with evidence of sympatry. But these studies did not explore whether individuals of S. americanus from different genetic lineages segregate onto different host mouthparts. The present study examines the population structure and microhabitat of 196 individuals of S. americanus from lobsters from five North American localities (from Newfoundland, Canada, to Boston, MA) collected between June and September 2019. Specimens were sequenced at two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers, a 487 bp fragment of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and a 481 bp fragment of 16S rRNA. Phylogenetic analyses recover three distinct lineages of Symbion americanus, corroborating previous studies. Population genetic analyses of individuals belonging to the C and G lineages show clear population structure at the level of host mouthparts. Microhabitat data suggest the segregation of different genetic lineages in S. americanus onto different host mouthparts, perhaps indicating the role of spatial niche partitioning in the incipient speciation of S. americanus.
Enhanced piezoelectric property in Mn‐doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramics via cold sintering process and KMnO4 solution
Authors: Deng Baoyu , Jiang Jiahao , Li Hong , Zhao Chunlin , Lin Cong , Wu Xiao , Gao Min , Lin Tengfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough mixing the KMnO4 solution with K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) powders, cold sintering process (CSP) was employed to fabricate high‐density Mn‐doped KNN green pellets and ceramics. The microstructure, doping effect of Mn and electrical properties of these ceramics were studied in detail. Compared with conventional sintering (CS), the CSP supports the homogeneity of dopants and then promotes grain growth and ceramic densification; thus the Mn‐doped KNN ceramics prepared by CSP show the obviously higher density and larger grain size. Besides, the less alkalis volatilization and oxygen vacancies result in more Mn3+ but less Mn4+ in CSP ceramics compared to CS ones, which endows the pinning effect and good poling characteristics in CSP ceramics. All the previous results contribute to the high dielectric constant and remnant polarization in CSP ceramics, which support the enhanced piezoelectric coefficient and are much superior than Mn‐doped KNN ceramics prepared by CS. This work reveals that CSP can be a new doping strategy to perform chemical modification of electrical properties in KNN ceramics.
Functional and phylogenetic diversity of sharks in the Northeastern Pacific
Authors: Siders Zachary A. , Trotta Lauren B. , Caltabellotta Fabio P. , Loesser Katherine B. , Baiser Benjamin , Ahrens Robert N. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThe expansive spatial scale of pelagic communities and the difficulty in acquiring pelagic species' functional traits have stymied an understanding of marine community dynamics. We assembled and analysed a shark trait database and community phylogeny to identify the major axes of trait variation that define shark functional groups. We tested whether membership to biophysical macroecological strata is related to these functional or phylogenetic relationships.LocationNortheastern Pacific, 180–255°E and 0–50°N.TaxonSharks (Class: Chondrichthyes, superorder: Selachimorpha).MethodsWe built a community phylogeny and collected habitat, reproductive, somatic growth, trophic and dentition traits. We used principal coordinates analyses to identify axes of trait variation and hierarchical clustering to classify functional groups. We tested whether functional or phylogenetic relatedness determined species' membership to strata from five macroecological gradients: latitude, habitat type, thermal, carbon source and bathymetry.ResultsWe assembled 38 traits from 1225 records from 130 sources, 260 pictographs from seven sources and 631 teeth from 79 jaw specimens. Life history, r versus K selection, was responsible for the biggest division in the functional dendrogram. Vertical habitat preference, growth rates, diet and dental morphology generated further divisions between r‐ or K‐selected species. Vertical habitat preference, carbon source and biochemical habitat type were significantly dispersed or clustered on the functional dendrogram or phylogram.Main ConclusionsHabitat and reproductive traits were the most important trait suites driving shark functional diversity. Through ordination and clustering, we were able to associate major axes of trait variation to the membership of shark functional groups. The phylogram approximated well the functional dendrogram's backbone but was a poor substitute for the trait diversity at the tips. Given the long evolutionary history of sharks and coincident expansive trait diversity, merging functional and phylogenetic approaches was necessary to capture the dimensions of shark biodiversity.
Revisiting media literacy measurement: Development and validation of 3‐factor media literacy scale
Authors: Arshad Arooj , Ghazal Saima , Saleem Noshina , Hanan Mian Ahmad , Arshad Muhammad Haseeb 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn this technologically advanced era, media literacy is necessary to effectively evaluate the information and understand various biases inherent in media messages. Several media literacy (ML) tools are available; however, we need generic and objective tools that can be applied to all forms of media messages.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to develop and validate an objective and generalized measure of media literacy based on the previously available tools. This study suggested that the access component should be removed from the media literacy tools as recommended in previous literature.MethodsThe total of 386 respondents, both males and females, were recruited from different universities in Lahore. The age of the sample ranged from 18 to 25 (M=20.98, SD=2.12), with an approximately equal proportion of males (47%) and females.Results and ConclusionsThis study proposed a compact Media Literacy Scale (MLS) with 3 constructs: analyze (09 items; α=.76), evaluate (08 items; α=.72), and comprehend (07 items; α =76). This 24 items scale explains 55.4% variance was administered to 386 respondents aged 18 to 30 years (M=20.98, SD=2.12). This developed scale will help assess the baseline level of media literacy in the audience so that in the future, evaluation of the efficacy of media literacy, and media literacy programs could be provided.
The procreative identities of men in same‐sex relationships choosing surrogacy: A new theoretical understanding
Authors: Fantus Sophia , Newman Peter A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe growing visibility of same‐sex two‐parent families and the increased use of surrogacy have expanded LGBT parenting scholarship to include experiences of gay and other men in same‐sex relationships. Yet, even with the growth of research over the past decade on gay and other sexual minority men's parenting experiences, such studies are still undertheorized. The purpose of this article is to conceptualize an enhanced family theory model that addresses the evolution of the procreative identities of men in same‐sex relationships who decide to have children via surrogacy. This framework will identify the unique issues and factors that support same‐sex partnered men's (a) procreative consciousness; (b) procreative responsibility; and (c) procreative transitioning, including barriers that may exert a long‐term impact on fathers in same‐sex relationships. As scholarship on fatherhood among gay, bisexual, and other men expands, the development of a family studies model that examines surrogacy trajectories in the context of men's same‐sex relationships, from considerations of procreation to post‐birth experiences, can enhance family studies theory and research.
Dissemination of a successful dementia care program: Lessons from early adopters
Authors: Lees Haggerty Kristin , Campetti Randi , Stoeckle Rebecca Jackson , Epstein‐Lubow Gary , Evertson Leslie Chang , Spragens Lynn , Serrano Katherine Sy , Jennings Lee A. , Reuben David B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based models for providing effective and comprehensive care for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias exist but have yet to be successfully implemented at scale. The Alzheimer's and Dementia Care Program (ADC Program) is an effective comprehensive dementia care model that is being disseminated across the United States. This qualitative study examines barriers and facilitators to implementing the model among early adopting sites.MethodsThis study included semi‐structured interviews with a total of 21 clinical site leaders and Dementia Care Specialists from a total of 11 sites across the US. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded using Dedoose qualitative analysis software. Coding scheme development and data interpretation were informed by Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations framework.ResultsKey themes are organized in line with Rogers' framework. These include: the innovation‐decision process, implementation and characteristics of the innovation, and sustainability.ConclusionsAcross the three overarching themes presented in this manuscript, the importance of engagement from site leaders, the multifaceted nature of the dementia care specialist role, and the value of technical assistance from qualified experts are apparent. However, for this work to continue to be successful, there needs to be more appropriate payment to cover needed services and a mechanism for supporting comprehensive dementia care over time.
Low glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets in adults with excess weight: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Perin Lisiane , Camboim Isadora G. , Lehnen Alexandre M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo compare the effects of low and high glycaemic index/glycaemic load (GI/GL) diets on body weight in adults with excess weight.MethodsWe searched for randomised controlled trials comparing low GI/GL vs. high GI/GL diets from Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. The variables of interest were anthropometric measurements, fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels and lipid profile, and 10 studies were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsThe sample size ranged from 19 to 203 participants. Low GI/GL is not superior to high GI/GL diets on body weight reduction in adults with excess weight (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg m–2). However, low GI/GL diets show greater body weight reductions in adults with BMI ≥ 30 kg m–2 (−0.93 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.73 to −0.12; p = 0.045). Compared with high GI/GL diets, low GI/GL diets may also help reduce fasting glucose (−1.97 mg dl–1; 95% CI = −3.76 to 0.19; p = 0.030) and fasting insulin (−0.55 µU ml–1; 95% CI = −0.95 to –0.15; p = 0.007). No differences in fat mass, fat‐free mass, waist circumference and lipid profile were observed between low GI/GL and high GI/GL diets. The risk of bias for body weight was classified as ‘low risk’ (25% of the studies) and ‘some concerns’ for all domains of RoB 2 tool in most studies.ConclusionsWhen compared with high GI/GL diets, low GI/GL diets appear to more effectively reduce fasting glucose and insulin and promote greater body weight reduction in adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg m–2).
Radiographic study of the axial and appendicular skeleton of Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata
Authors: de Oliveira Paula Laise Ribeiro , Uscategui Ricardo Andres Ramirez , Vieira Renan Luiz Albuquerque , Gondim Leane Souza Queiroz , Maronezi Marjury Cristina , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMarmosets are small arboreal primates. Knowledge of normal radiographic parameters and frequent disorders is limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate possible variations between quantitative analyses and injuries to the appendicular and axial skeleton of Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata and their relationship with the environment.MethodsRadiographic images of 29 marmosets were used. Skeletal lesions were described, long bones were measured, and pelvimetry, vertebrae, and sternebras were counted.ResultsMeasurements of long bones and pelvimetry were similar between species. Evaluation of vertebrae and sternebras exhibited variations relative to the literature. Lesions on the skull, spine, thoracic and pelvic limbs were present in 48%, 54%, 44%, and 52% of marmosets, respectively.ConclusionSkeletal disorders, especially of traumatic and metabolic origin, have a high prevalence in marmosets.