bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering preservice teachers’ expectancies and values towards computational thinking
Authors: Weber Anke M. , Bastian Morten , Barkela Veronika , Mühling Andreas , Leuchter Miriam 
Published: September 2022

TheoryDigital technologies have become an integral part of everyday life that children are exposed to. Therefore, it is important for children to acquire an understanding of these technologies early on by teaching them computational thinking (CT) as a part of STEM. However, primary school teachers are often reluctant to teach CT. Expectancy-value theory suggests that motivational components play an important role in teaching and learning. Thus, one hindrance to teachers’ willingness to teach CT might be their low expectancies of success and high emotional costs, e.g., anxiety towards CT. Thus, introducing preservice teachers to CT during their university years might be a promising way to support their expectancies and values, while simultaneously alleviating their emotional costs. Prior CT competences might contribute to these outcomes.AimsWe investigated whether a specifically designed seminar on CT affected preservice teachers’ expectancies and values towards programming.Method: A total of 311 German primary school and special education preservice teachers took part in the study. The primary school preservice teachers received a seminar on CT and programming with low-threshold programming tasks, while the special education teachers served as a baseline group. The seminar was specifically designed to enhance expectancies and values and decrease emotional costs, following implications of research on expectancy-value theory.ResultsThe preservice teachers who visited the seminar gained higher expectancies and values towards CT and programming compared to the baseline group. Moreover, their emotional costs decreased. CT was positively related to change in expectancies and values and negatively related to emotional costs.DiscussionInterventions with low-threshold programming tasks can support primary school preservice teachers in finding trust in their abilities and values towards CT. Moreover, their anxiety towards CT and programming can be alleviated. Thus, first steps in preparing preservice teachers to teach CT in their future classrooms can be taken in university.
A systematic review of menstrual hygiene management (MHM) during humanitarian crises and/or emergencies in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Patel Kripalini , Panda Nishisipa , Sahoo Krushna Chandra , Saxena Shipra , Chouhan Narendra Singh , Singh Pratibha , Ghosh Upasona , Panda Bhuputra 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPoor menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is linked to adverse health, and quality of life, particularly during emergencies. Although in recent times increased emphasis is being laid upon MHM during humanitarian crises—pandemics, disasters and conflicts, the essential components of complete MHM during an emergency are not clearly spelt out. We conducted a systematic review to examine, analyse and describe the existing evidence related to the challenges experienced by women and girls in practicing MHM during humanitarian crises and / or public health emergencies.MethodsWe followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022328636). We searched online repositories: PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO for articles published between January 2000 and April 2022. For presenting key findings, we used the descriptive statistics and thematic analysis approach.ResultsWe identified a total of 1,078 published articles, out of which 78 were selected for a full-text review, and finally 21 articles were included. The pooled prevalence of lack of access to sanitary pads during humanitarian crises was 34 percent (95 percent CI 0.24–0.45). The prevalence of safe and proper sanitary pad disposal practices ranged from 11 to 85 per cent, with a pooled prevalence of 54 per cent (95 per cent CI 0.21–86). Qualitative analyses projected three themes that emerged on MHM during humanitarian crises (1) Availability and affordability of menstrual products, and accessibility to water, sanitation and health (WASH) services, (2) Availability of support system and coping with “period poverty,” and (3) Gender dimensions of menstrual hygiene management. Most studies reported non-availability of MHM products and WASH services during emergencies. Existence of barriers at systemic and personal level posed challenges in practicing menstrual hygiene. Privacy was identified as a common barrier, as emergency shelters were reportedly not women-friendly.ConclusionAvailability of limited evidence on the subject is suggestive of the need to invest resources for strengthening primary research in low- and middle-income countries and more specifically during emergencies. Context-specific state level policies on MHM during emergencies would help to guide district and sub-district managers in strengthening systems and address barriers for the provision of MHM services during emergencies.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022328636, identifier CRD42022328636.
Demand analysis of telenursing among empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases based on the Kano model
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Tao Chunhua , Yu Ping , Wang Yanwei , Kitayama Akio , Takashi En , Yanagihara Kiyoko , Liang Jingyan 
Published: September 2022

AimThe increase in empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases poses a major challenge to the provision of public health services in China. Telenursing can effectively relieve the pressure of public health services to a certain extent. This study aims to explore the telenursing needs of empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases based on the Kano model to provide references for improving the quality of telenursing.MethodsParticipants were selected from five rural communities and five urban communities in Yangzhou and Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. A total of 348 empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases were included. The participants received a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, and their telenursing needs were surveyed and analyzed based on the Kano model.ResultsOf the 15 quality attributes evaluated by the participants, 3 telenursing services were categorized as “must-be quality”, 5 were categorized as “one-dimensional quality”, 5 were categorized as “attractive quality”, and 2 were categorized as “indifferent quality”. The proportion of individuals who desired telenursing services ranged from 47.41 to 83.62%, the better values (satisfaction) ranged from 35.29–83.98%, and the worse values (dissatisfaction) ranged from 10.91 to 63.27%. There were no significant differences in any items of telenursing needs for between participants in Yangzhou and Nantong (all P &gt; 0.05), and there were also no significant differences in all items between rural and urban communities (all P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionBased on the Kano model, it was found that empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases had a positive attitude toward telenursing and that they had different levels of need for different telenursing services. These findings provided a theoretical basis for medical decision-makers to formulate medical policies and provided a scientific foundation for nursing managers to improve telenursing services to meet the needs of the empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases.
Estimation of starch content in cassava based on coefficient of reflection measurement
Authors: Odedeyi Temitope , Rabbi Ismail , Poole Clive , Darwazeh Izzat 
Published: September 2022

This technology report validates the application of radio frequency (RF) coefficient of reflection (Γ) measurement as a viable and accurate means to estimate the starch content of fresh cassava roots. A clear relationship between cassava dry matter as an indicator of starch content and the Γ is experimentally verified both from the measurement of cassava flour in water at different concentrations and by direct probing of cassava root samples at a specific frequency of 30 MHz. A prototype test instrument designed with goals of portability, low cost and ease of use is also reported. The test instrument displays estimated starch content in five categories, from “low” to “high”, using an array of five LEDs. The performance of the test instrument is experimentally verified in the field, and a reliable correlation between cassava dry matter content and LED indication is demonstrated.
Dietary self-efficacy and social support interactions in junior athletes' acquisition of life skills
Authors: Shudo Yuka , Yamaura Kazuho , Yasuda Jun , Sato Ai , Ebi Kumiko 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveAccording to the stages of change, this study identified the association between dietary control self-efficacy and social support for healthy diets as factors influencing life skills acquisition in dietary habits among adolescents in Japan.Research designThis cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2018 among eight high school baseball teams in Japan.MethodParticipants included 180 Japanese high school baseball players. Survey items evaluated life skills (dependent variables), self-efficacy's influence on dietary control, social support (explanatory variables), and stages of change. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to reveal the associations.ResultsIn the pre-action stage, although there was no significant association between the interaction of self-efficacy and social support on total life skills (β = 0.11, p = 0.158), a significant association was observed in the action/maintenance stage (β = 0.32, p &lt; 0.05). The interaction between self-efficacy and social support showed a significant association with goal setting in the pre-action stage (β = 0.19, p &lt; 0.05) and with communicating in the action/maintenance stage (β = 0.34, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe acquisition of life skills amidst dietary situations can be facilitated by providing social support that considers self-efficacy in relation to dietary control, according to the stages of change.
Identification of low gamma-glutamyl transferase familial intrahepatic cholestasis - benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis in a 22-year-old woman: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kamińska Marta , Klapaczyński Jakub , Ołdakowska-Jedynak Urszula , Kamińska Dorota 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of cholestatic jaundice that may last days to months. It can start at any age, but often in a first decade of life. The syndrome does not lead to progressive liver dysfunction and cirrhosis. Between cholestatic episodes patients have no symptoms and laboratory levels are within the norms. The exact mechanism of cholestasis in BRIC and many other cholestatic conditions is poorly understood. Syndrome the first time was described in 1959r., in 2004 was proposed the following diagnostic criteria. The report presents a 22-year-old woman with the diagnosis of jaundice with an accompanying severe pruritus (first episode of BRIC).
The aim: This article describes clinical presentation, laboratory abnormalities, and proposed etiologic factors responsible for BRIC. We intend to report this case due to rarity of this disease in Poland.
Clinical case: Described as a clinical case course features of the BRIC. Knowledge of this entity is important issue as an early recognition that might prevent performance of expensive diagnostic algorithm. The laboratory tests and the whole clinical picture had conclusive results. Moreover, despite negative genetic test, the authors were sure that it is BRIC.
Conclusion: BRIC is a disease not leading to progressive liver dysfunction and cirrhosis. It should be remembered the characteristic symptoms of BRIC, a very low level of GGT accompanied by jaundice and itching. It has a great diagnostic importance (by shortening the procedure algorithm), allowing for a quick diagnosis.
Attitudes of prospective spouses towards moral principles regulating procreative behaviors
Authors: Dudziak Urszula 
Published: September 2022

The ability of transmission life is a precious gift for both spouses and society as a whole. This gift is protected by moral principles that show the need to reject anything that goes against responsible parenting. However, it can be noticed that when some people appreciate the possibilities of reproduction and living in harmony with their own sexuality and fertility, others struggle with it. They do not recognize fertile and infertile days of the cycle, but eliminate fertility through contraceptives and even allow abortion. In the case of problems with conception, some decide to undergo in vitro fertilization, regardless of the instrumentalisation and medicalization of procreation, the death of some embryos as part of the procedures undertaken, or the possible negative health effects.
The article consisting of three parts regres 1.x1qto passages from Holy Scripture and numerous documents of the Catholic Church on procreation and moral principles in the field of transmitting human life. In this way, it answers the question 'how should it be?'. The answer to the question 'how is it?' becomes possible thanks to the research, especially prepared for this purpose, questionnaire: Attitudes towards marital and family morality. The respondents were people preparing for marriage as part of courses organized by parishes in villages near Lublin. It would seem that the inhabitants of smaller towns pay more attention to the opinions of others than the anonymous inhabitants of cities, and it is conducive to maintaining moral norms and living in accordance with them. However, the polls of a large part of the respondents indicate serious discrepancies between the indications of the Catholic Church and the attitudes expressed. Although the vast majority define themselves as 'believers' and 'definitely believers', more than half of them perform religious practices: 'irregularly', 'once in a blue Moon', or not at all. Many people reveal references to procreation that are inconsistent with the moral principles proclaimed by the Church. This situation requires an answer to the question: 'what ought you do to make things as it should be?' The opportunity and hope for recovery is the program implemented as part of the premarital course for brides nad grooms, as well as the knowledge, skills and commitment of the priests and family life counselors who lead it. You can see how important and responsible they have a task to fulfill. However, it also seems necessary to extend this responsibility to the whole of society. So that, thanks to the earlier, morally correct and family-oriented education of clients, priests and counselors would not have to make up for the lost time or correct someone's mistakes.
Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zalewska Anna , Matysiak Marta 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a significant threat to human life and health. It is highly contagious and therefore spreads rapidly and is fatal in severe cases. The main purpose of this article is to present the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Based on the review of the current literature based on the EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) paradigm, the main mental health problems resulting from the pandemic are presented. During data collection, the PubMed search engine servicing the MEDLINE database and Google Scholar were used. The criterion that was used when searching for articles were papers published from 2020 available in Polish or English.
Results: The SARS-CoV-2 virus infection itself, as well as the restrictions related to the pandemic, cause a number of negative consequences for mental health. They can manifest themselves as single symptoms or complexes of symptoms, as well as disorders or groups of disorders and complex problems of a psychopathological nature. All these phenomena can overlap and appear in the course of COVID-19, as well as its complications. The data available from the literature review show that during a pandemic, about 30% of people suffer from mental disorders, and over 50% of respondents report psychological distress. Mental health neglect during a pandemic may cause worsening disorders that may reveal themselves over the years.
Conclusions: There are many options for combating the negative effects of a pandemic, which can be introduced at different levels. The impact of COVID-19 on the mental state of individual populations should be investigated and precisely defined, as it is necessary for planning short-term and long-term interventions in the areas of: medical, information and organizational. The full potential of many scientific disciplines should be used to contain the spread of the negative effects of a pandemic.
Length-Weight and Length-Length Relationships of the Main Commercial Fish Species in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea Coast of Turkey) / 2020-2021 Fishing Season
Authors: BAYHAN Bahar , AYDIN UNCUMUSAOĞLU Arzu 
Published: September 2022

In this study, a total of 366 samples were collected and 30 of them belonged to Sardina pilchardus, 54 of Engraulis encrasicolus, 30 of Belone svetovidovi, 18 of Caranx rhonchus, 12 of Trachurus mediterraneus, 10 of Trachurus trachurus, 21 of Mullus Barbatus, 30 of Mullus surmuletus, 30 of Boopss boops, 35 of Oblada melanura, 46 of Scomber colias, 22 of Scomber scombrus and 28 of Solea solea, were obtained by commercial fishermen in the Izmir Bay (Aegean sea coast of Turkey) during period of 2020 and 2021 fishing season.
Negative allometry was determined for Caranx rhonchus, Scomber colias and Solea solea while positive allometry was present for Engraulis encrasicolus and the remaining 9 fish species have isometric growth.
The results indicated further that the length-length relationships were highly correlated for all examined fish species (r²>0.900, P
Error-Correcting Codes in the Two-Dimensional Lee Metric on Square and Hexagonal Signal Constellations
Authors: Morita Hiroyoshi , Fujisawa Masaya , Sakata Shojiro 
Published: September 2022

<p>We construct linear codes over odd prime fields for correcting two-dimensional Lee-metric errors on the square and hexagonal signal constellations. They are obtained by puncturing and enlarging either Reed-Solomon codes or Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem codes. We introduce two-dimensional Lee weight on the square and hexagonal constellations in a similar way as the method presented by the first author in 2019 International Symposium on Information Theory, and propose an effective method for correcting two-dimensional Lee-metric errors of weight <em>t>=1</em>. The concept of value-locator of an error, which was introduced implicitly by K. Nakamura in 1979 and inherited to the above conference paper, is a key for decoding error-correcting Lee-metric codes. Our decoding method is based on the Buchberger algorithm for finding Groebner bases of ideals in the multivariate polynomial ring. The results of simulations show that our codes are more powerful for correcting two-dimensional Lee-metric errors in the two-dimensional signal constellations than the conventional codes for correcting Hamming-metric errors and one-dimensional Lee-metric errors, and the decoding method works well for correcting two-dimensional Lee-metric errors of small weight <em>t.</em></p>
The I and the Other (Lenora) in the Poetry of Joseph III
Authors: Wakeda Yousif Kareem  
Published: September 2022

A literary text is not void of the use of the ego and the other while speaking or in a spoken communication. Such a usage is apparently outstanding in Arabic literature, and it reflects society in all its various cultural, social and political conditions. Therefore, the ego is one of the prominent concepts on which human personality is built, and its role in the formation of society and in communicating among all human societies. Accordingly, the present paper aims to clarify the duality of the ego and the other, where the ego starts from the poet himself to expand the circle of subjectivity by including his family, society, immediate surroundings, race and his religion. The other, on the other hand, that is separated from the poet, represents the family, tribe, gender and religion. All such references are found in Lenora’s personality. The latter differed from the poet with respect to his family, tribe, sex, and religion. Thus, the significance of the study lies in finding the link between this duality. The study has concluded that highlighting the ego to the other side, and to the poet’s personality was reflected in his poetic production by highlighting the ego even when talking about the other. Such a feature characterizes the king, who has the authority. The study has further concluded that Joseph's love for Lenora constitutes a qualitative step and a new trend of the flirting art in Andalusia, creating as a result a new civilized atmosphere, expressing the spirit of the new civilized life. Accordingly, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach to reveal the role of ego alongside the other (Linora) while studying and analyzing the data. The study has finally concluded that the ego and the other are dual in the poetry of Linora where imagination participates in the formation of an image. Besides, the Poet, Joseph III has drawn the ego to express what he was aware of in terms of feelings, sense and sincerity in expressing and influencing the listener or the recipient, highlighting the active ego linguistically, drawing its image, and demonstrating the way the ego possesses a self-referral that cannot be escaped from.
Women's Rape in Iraq between Legislation and Social Norms: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Isra'a Raheem Abed Al-Hussein  , Sawsan Kareem Zghayyir Al-Saaidi  
Published: September 2022

Recently, women's rape has been a pervasive problem in the Iraqi society. Thus, it has become necessary to consider the role of language and its influence on the common beliefs and opinions about rape in the Iraqi society. Thus, taking into consideration the critical role of language and its impact on the perception of human reality and the social development based on people's beliefs and principles of life has become highly indispensable. Therefore. The aim of this article is to address this problem critically from legislation and social norms in NGOs' reports (2015; 2019) with reference to some provisions from the Iraqi Panel Code (1969; 2010). Therefore, the researchers examine the discursive strategies and ideological viewpoints in the selected data through the employment of critical discourse analysis. Specifically, the researchers have adopted van Dijk's (2011) socio-cognitive approach and van Dijk's (2000) ideological model to show how language produces and reproduces domination and abuse of power, engendering as a result injustice and inequality. The study has concluded that the NGOs' reports are written in a language that reflects the attitudes and opinions which might be shared among group members. These reports rely heavily on the linguistic device that is of evidentiality to assure the credibility of giving evidence about the domination of social norms in relation to women's rape. More importantly, the dichotomy of positive and negative representation is highly adopted as an ideological strategy, showing the conflict between the legislation and social norms. Therefore, the study has recommended that the government in its legal institutions should provide provisions to protect the raped women from society and from their families.