bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When ‘Area’ meets ‘Country’: Rethinking the Territory of Colonialism
Authors: Ravenscroft Alison 
Published: October 2022

Australian Aboriginal novelist Alexis Wright vividly conceives of colonialism as a virus that takes up its place in its host’s head. This is an image of invasion and territorialisation as intensely bodily and psychic. It calls attention, too, to those Aboriginal conceptions of country as itself a living and sensate entity: country has a body. It is animate, intelligent, and responsive, and humans are inextricably formed in relation to it. Such a conception of Country (capitalised now to indicate that the word functions as a proper name) has enormous significance for the meanings that can be attached, in turn, to ideas of belonging and ownership. The impact can be felt in the antagonisms surrounding discourses of land, sovereignty and belonging. This essay considers the effects of this concept of Country in relation to two ceremonies that are practised in contemporary Australia: Welcome to Country and Acknowledgement of Country.
The Evolution of the Optical Spectrum of V455 Andromedae throughout the 2007 Superoutburst
Authors: Tovmassian Gagik , Gänsicke Boris T. , Echevarria Juan , Zharikov Sergey , Ramirez Abdiel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
V455 And is a dwarf nova with a short orbital period, close to the orbital period minimum. The object underwent its first detected outburst in 2007, brightening from around V = 16.5 all the way to magnitude 8. Outbursts of such amplitude occur exclusively in dwarf novae with short periods (typically P
orb ≲ 90 minutes) and are called superoutbursts. The recurrence time of superoutbursts is long (decades), hence only very few have been studied in detail. We succeeded in observing the entire superoutburst of V455 And spectroscopically from the rise to the decline with unprecedented detail. While the light curve of the object throughout the outburst does not seem to differ much from other dwarf novae, its spectroscopic behavior is strikingly different during the transition stage from the absorption-dominated lines to the strong emission one during the rise. We interpret the emergence of the strong emission lines with little radial velocity variations during the superoutburst as evidence of wind from the evaporating disk in this high-inclination system. The evolution of the line profiles from wide to narrow peak separation during the rise, and back at the decline, matches models showing that the peak separation is a function of optical depth in the lines.
Most Planets Might Have More than 5 Myr of Time to Form
Authors: Pfalzner Susanne , Dehghani Shahrzad , Michel Arnaud 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The lifetime of protoplanetary disks is a crucial parameter for planet formation research. Observations of disk fractions in star clusters imply median disk lifetimes of 1–3 Myr. This very short disk lifetime calls for planet formation to occur extremely rapidly. We show that young, distant clusters (≤5 Myr, >200 pc) often dominate these types of studies. Such clusters frequently suffer from limiting magnitudes leading to an over-representation of high-mass stars. As high-mass stars disperse their disks earlier, the derived disk lifetimes apply best to high-mass stars rather than low-mass stars. Including only nearby clusters (<200 pc) minimizes the effect of limiting magnitude. In this case, the median disk lifetime of low-mass stars is with 5–10 Myr, thus much longer than often claimed. The longer timescales provide planets ample time to form. How high-mass stars form planets so much faster than low-mass stars is the next grand challenge.
Possible Atmospheric Water Vapor Contribution from Martian Swiss Cheese Terrain
Authors: Innanen Alex C. , Landis Margaret E. , Hayne Paul O. , Moores John E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mars’s south polar residual cap (SPRC) is a several-meters-thick CO2 ice cap with a variety of features, including quasi-circular depressions known as “Swiss cheese” that may expose underlying water ice. Swiss cheese pits have been suggested as a source for the observation of unusually high water vapor during the southern summer of Mars Year (MY) 8 (1969). To evaluate this hypothesis, we map the current extent of Swiss cheese pits to estimate the contribution to atmospheric water vapor from sublimation from the pits. We use data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Context Camera to map individual features and use the Mars Climate Sounder to obtain surface temperatures to estimate areas of exposed water ice to infer the amount of water vapor sublimated under typical south polar summer atmospheric conditions. We find that there is a negligible impact on atmospheric water vapor from sublimation with the current coverage and temperatures of Swiss cheese terrain (0.2% of the SPRC at an average of ∼161 K). At current typical temperatures, complete removal of residual CO2 from 99% of the SPRC would be required to sublimate enough water vapor to reproduce the MY 8 observation. However, a modest increase in temperature (∼20 K) could lead to a dramatic increase in sublimation rate, such that only water ice over 2.6% of the SPRC area would recreate the MY 8 observation. >180 K surface water ice has been observed on Mars, but such temperatures are likely transient at the south pole over the past ∼30 Mars years.
Proposal for detecting coconut rhinoceros beetle breeding sites using harmonic radar
Authors: Moore Aubrey , Siderhurst Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), a major pest of coconut and oil palms, is causing severe economic and environmental damage following recent invasions of several Pacific islands. Population suppression and eradication of this pest requires location and destruction of active and potential breeding sites where all life stages aggregate. Three search tactics for discovering breeding sites have been used with limited success: visual search by humans, search with assistance from detector dogs and search by tracking CRB adults fitted with radio transmitters.
Here, we suggest a fourth search tactic: releasing CRB adults fitted with harmonic radar tags to locate breeding sites. Our idea is to find static end points for tags which accumulate at breeding sites, rather than active tracking of individual beetles. We plan to use commercially available hand-held harmonic radar devices. If we are successful, this technique may be useful for locating other insects which aggregate, such as hornets and other social insects.
Emploi versus retraite
Authors: de Jouvenel Hugues 
Published: October 2022

La rubrique Repères de ce numéro propose un éclairage sur divers indicateurs à prendre en compte lorsqu’on s’intéresse aux questions d’emploi, chômage et retraite, parmi lesquels le taux d’emploi (c’est-à-dire la part des personnes d’âge actif occupant effectivement un emploi), qui varie considérablement d’un pays à l’autre, et selon les groupes d’âge. S.D.
Le langage graphique des prisonniers sur les murs face au dedans et au dehors, à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Ségard Audrey 
Published: October 2022

À la fin du Moyen Âge, certains prisonniers ont fait entrer l’image, en plus de l’écrit, dans leur espace d’enfermement, tel le château de Selles à Cambrai. Ils ont orné les murs de leurs cellules en gravant ou traçant des thèmes divers. Çà et là, des scènes religieuses voisinent avec des personnages, le monde animal, domestique ou héraldique, tout en côtoyant des marques écrites. Cette conquête des espaces carcéraux par la pratique graphique relève d’une stratégie de communication de la part des prisonniers. Les graffiti répondent à un besoin de s’exprimer face au dedans et au dehors. Ces signes, qui revêtent une dimension identitaire, individuelle et collective, décors d’un entre-soi social, manifestent un souci de résister au monde extérieur. Ces images inédites nous donnent également accès au rêve d’évasion de ces hommes isolés vers le dehors, un monde humain familier et divin eschatologique. Elles participent aussi à des enjeux mémoriels en se laissant approcher par divers lecteurs.
Et quidem alia causa est episcoporum, alia monachorum : une brève étude comparative sur les usages des tombeaux chez les prélats séculiers et réguliers ( xiii e – xiv e siècle)
Authors: Marcoux Robert 
Published: October 2022

Bien que relative dans les faits, la différence du rapport au temporel entre les clergés séculier et régulier est constitutive de l’identité sociale de chacun. À travers l’analyse statistique de 225 tombeaux d’abbés et d’évêques français des xiii e et xiv e siècles, cette brève enquête comparative propose de le démontrer en identifiant entre les deux catégories cléricales des tendances divergentes relatives à l’emplacement, au type, aux matériaux et à l’iconographie des monuments.
The randomized prospective study of non-surgical management of patients with mild to moderate carpel tunnel syndrome
Authors: Wijegunasinghe D. D. , Jayatunge S. T. K. , Kumarasinghe P. M. , Gunathilake A. W. P. I. , Sriyani W. N. A. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of used oral medications such as diuretics, steroids and local steroid injections in the treatment of mild to moderate CTS. Methods: Prospective randomized study of patients with clinical symptoms and signs of CTS, confirmed by standard electrodiagnosis. Baseline assessments included a standardized Boston questionnaire to assess symptom severity score, functional severity score, total score, relevant clinical examination and necessary nerve conduction studies (NCS). After the baseline assessment, patients were randomized to following treatment arms:1. Steroid local injection (n = 64)2. Oral steroid for 28 days (n = 64)3. Oral steroid + diuretics for 28 days (n = 69) Boston questionnaire symptom severity score, functional severity score, total score and the NCS results were analyzed after 28 days of treatment. Results: Boston questionnaire scores (symptom severity score, functional severity score and total score) were significantly improved with all three treatment modalities after 4 weeks of treatment p <0.05 the values of each indicator was more or less similar in each group at the baseline. The percentage of improvement is highest with steroid injection and lowest with oral steroids and steroids + diuretic group falling in between. Sensory nerve conduction studies showed an improvement in all three treatment modalities. But a statistically significant improvement was seen in steroid injection and oral steroid + diuretic groups only p <0.05. Conclusion: All three treatment modalities i.e. steroid injections, oral steroids, and oral steroid and diuretics are effective in treating mild to moderate CTS. The improvement seen with steroid injection is more than that is seen in the other two interventions.
A Clinico-Mycological Study of Dermatophytoses and Their In-Vitro Sensitivity to Antifungal Drugs
Authors: Kadnur Manjunath , Jartarkar Shishira R. , Narayanaswamy Girish , Manoj Kumar Ashwath S. , Arora Sheena , Balakrishnan Thushara 
Published: October 2022

Background:
There is an increase in the frequency of resistant and recurrent dermatophyte infections in India. We undertook a study to isolate the organisms in different clinical presentations and to study their sensitivity to clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole, and griseofulvin.

Aims:
The aim of this article was to study the clinico-mycological pattern of dermatophytes and their in-vitro sensitivity to commonly used antifungals.

Objectives:
The objectives were as follows: (1) to study the clinico-mycological patterns of dermatophytosis and (2) to study the in-vitro sensitivity patterns of culture isolates to clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole, and griseofulvin.

Materials and Methods:
A total number of 48 patients were included in the study. The study period was from August 2019 to February 2021. Skin scrapings and nail clippings were inoculated in Sabouraud dextrose agar. Isolates were identified based on gross colony characteristics and microscopic morphology of their micro- and macroconidia and accessory structures. The isolates were then transferred to sterile distilled water in vials and stored. The clinical isolates stored in the stock solution were subcultured on to Potato dextrose agar. Then, the antifungal disks and Griseofulvin E strip were applied on to the plates. The zones of inhibition around the disks were measured and recorded. In the case of E strip, the minimum inhibitory concentration value is read from the scale in terms of µg/mL, where the ellipse edge intersects the strip.

Results:
The total number of cases included were 48. Commonest clinical presentation was co-occurrence of Tinea cruris and corporis (33%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes was isolated in 56% of cases. Isolates showed highest sensitivity to clotrimazole (87.5%) followed by miconazole (60.4%). Only 8.3% were sensitive to fluconazole and 37.5% were sensitive to griseofulvin.

Conclusion:

T. mentagrophytes is the causative organism in significant numbers of dermatophytic infections. Though broth dilution is the standard method for sensitivity assay of dermatophytes, disk diffusion method could become a more simple alternative.
Age-wise cancer incidence in western Uttar Pradesh in India: An observational study
Authors: Akram Mohammad , Khazir Mahbooba , Khan Mohsin , Afrose Ruquiya 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
According to the World Health Organization report of 2011, the main cause of death was cancer rather than heart diseases. 14.1 million new cases and about 8.2 million deaths occur due to cancer according to the report given by GLOBOCAN 2012.

Aims:
This study was conducted to highlight the age-wise cancer incidence in western Uttar Pradesh.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the department of radiotherapy from 2018-2020. Data were collected from the hospital records of histopathologically confirmed cases of malignancies from 2018 to 2020. Details regarding age, sex and site of the tumor were collected from the clinical records.

Statistical analysis used:
Descriptive statistics were used for data calculation as well as summarization, Mean ± SD, percentage, and proportions were calculated.

Results:
Age-wise cancer incidence in the head and neck region among both the genders shows that the highest percentage of mouth cancer of 23.19% (409) was found among males above 40 years of age as compared to females with 4.76% (84), the prevalence of breast cancer was increasing with increasing age reaching 42.79% (603) prevalence above the age of 40 years. The highest percentage of lung cancer was found above the age of 40 years 32.57% (459) in the case of males. Gallbladder carcinoma in females was 37.882% (161) and liver malignancies in males were found at 9.41% (40). In the case of the female reproductive system, highest percentage of cervical malignancies having 56.85% (485) next to the cervix it was the ovarian malignancy with a significant percentage of 19.22% (164).
Bone scan index on bone scintigraphy and radiation therapy for bone metastases from cancers other than prostate and breast cancers
Authors: Ishibashi Naoya , Maebayashi Toshiya , Kimura Yuki , Okada Masahiro 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
In this study, we aimed to use new automatic analysis software (VSBONE bone scan index (BSI); Nihon Medi-Physics, Tokyo, Japan) to investigate whether the pre-radiation therapy (RT) BSI, derived from bone scintigraphy (BS) images, is a prognostic indicator in patients undergoing RT for bone metastases from cancers other than breast or prostate cancer.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective single-institution study, we analyzed data of 51 patients who had undergone whole-body scintigraphy before receiving RT for bone metastases from cancers other than breast and prostate cancer between 2013 and 2019. Their bone metastases preradiation BSI were automatically calculated using newly developed software (VSBONE BSI; Nihon Medi-Physics, Tokyo, Japan). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify associations between selected clinical variables and overall survival (OS).

Results:
We did not find a significant association between BSI and OS. However, we did find that younger patients had significantly better OS than older patients (P = 0.016 and P = 0.036, respectively). In addition, BSI were significantly lower in patient with solitary or osteolytic bone metastases than in those with osteoblastic or mixed bone metastases (P = 0.035 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively), and significantly higher in those with lung cancer than in those with other types of cancer (mean BSI 3.26% vs. 1.97%; P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
The only significant association with survival identified in this study was for age at the time of BS and at time of diagnosis of bone metastases.
Is postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) a viable option in high-risk early-stage cervical cancer after upfront or downstaged radical surgery? A comparative study
Authors: Jaggi Viniita Kumar , Ansari Mohammad A. , Khanna Anju , Gehlot Sameep , Sharma Arun , Singh Kishore 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Radical surgery for cervical cancer has inherent benefits, and as upfront or post neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), is extendable to locally advanced cancer cervix (LACC), with postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for high-risk factors. Objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness and survival between non-PORT and PORT in high-risk early stages.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Radical hysterectomies conducted between January 2014 and December 2017 were evaluated and followed till December 2019. Clinical, surgical–pathologic characteristics, and oncological outcomes were compared between non-PORT and PORT groups. A similar comparison was made between alive and dead patients within each group. The impact of PORT was assessed.

RESULTS:
Of 178 radical surgeries, early-LACC constituted 70%. Most (37%) of the patients belonged to stage 1b2, while stage 2b formed 5%. Mean age of patients was 46.5 years; 69% were below 50 years of age. Abnormal bleeding (41%) was the predominant symptom, followed by postcoital (20%) and postmenopausal bleeding (12%). Upfront surgeries formed 70.2%, and the average waiting period was 1.93 months (range: 1–10 months). PORT patients were 97 (54.5%) in number and the remaining formed the non-PORT group. Mean follow-up was 34 months, with 118 (66%) alive patients. Significant adverse prognostic factors were tumors >4 cm (44.4% patients), positive margins (10%), lymphatic vascular space invasion (LVSI; 42%), malignant nodes (33%), multiple metastatic nodes averaging seven (range: 3–11), and delayed (>6 months) presentation, but not deep stromal invasion (77% patients) and positive parametrium (8.4% patients). PORT overcame the adverse effects of tumors >4 cm, multiple metastatic nodes, positive margins, and LVSI. Total recurrences (25%) were balanced for both groups, but recurrences within 2 years were significantly more for PORT. Two-year overall survival (78%) and recurrence-free survival (72%), median overall survival (21 months), and median recurrence-free interval (19 months) were significantly better for PORT, with the complication rates being similar.

CONCLUSION:
PORT had significantly better oncological outcomes compared to non-PORT. Multimodal management is worthwhile.
Role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gollakota Nandita , Deme Swaroopa , Kakarla Bhaskar , Rao M. Nageswara , Raju Y. Sathyanarayana , Uppin Megha , Mohammed Noorjahan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Tools for early recognition to enable timely intervention and prevention of micro and macrovascular complications are needed in diabetes mellitus. Our study was aimed at assessing the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a tool to identify individuals at risk for microvascular complications in type 2 diabetics, i.e., diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in south India that included 98 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. NLR was calculated; clinical and laboratory work-up was done in all patients. This was done by quantifying albuminuria by albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), fundus examination and nerve conduction studies. Correlation between NLR, ACR and other variables was studied in individuals with or without microvascular complications.

Results:
The NLR in patients with increased ACR was found to be significantly higher when compared to patients with normal ACR (P < 0.001) with a correlation coefficient of 0.783 between ACR and NLR. Receiver operater characteristic curve analysis suggested an NLR cut-off value of 2.032 with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.1% and 81.2%, respectively. A statistically significant higher NLR value was observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.0005) and neuropathy (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
NLR can be used as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. It, being an easier tool, can be routinely measured in diabetic individuals to identify at-risk individuals, so that early intervention with appropriate measures can be instituted.
Comparative ultrasonography evaluation of the portal vein congestion index in chronic hepatitis B virus infection and apparently healthy adults
Authors: Aderibigbe Gbenga Jacob , Agi Chukwuemeka , Robinson Ebbi Donald , Ugboma Enighe Wananyo 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Sonography is a useful tool in the study of the hepatic haemodynamic alterations that occur in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection using the portal vein congestion index (PVCI). The study was aimed at sonographically assessing the portal vein congestion index in adults with chronic HBV infection and at comparing the same with apparently healthy adults.

Methods:
This was a comparative, cross-sectional study carried out amongst 124 subjects (62 chronic HBV patients and 62 uninfected, apparently healthy individuals). The participants underwent routine grey scale evaluation of the liver, Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of the portal vein and the ratio of the portal vein cross-sectional area in centimetre square to the portal vein velocity in centimetre per second.

Results:
In healthy controls, the mean PVCI was 0.048±0.010 cm, while the mean PVCI in chronic HBV patients was 0.077±0.028 cm (P< 0.001). The mean of duration of illness was 3.63 years with a range of 0.5–15. There was a weak negative correlation between PVCI and duration of illness (r = −0.130, P = 0.313).

Conclusions:
The PVCI was significantly higher in chronic HBV patients compared to healthy subjects. However, there was a weak correlation between PVCI and duration of illness in patients with chronic HBV.