bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining the impact of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio for patient survival with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Liang Wenquan , Xu Xinxin , Liu Yuhua , Cui Jianxin , Gao Yunhe , Wang Chuang , Zhuang Ziwei , Zhang Kecheng , Xi Hongqing , Cai Aizhen , Wei Bo , Chen Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (g-NEN) is a rare but heterogeneous neoplasm, with an increasing incidence yearly. Conventional prognostic markers of g-NEN remain limited which could only be detected after surgery. There is an urgent need to explore new prognostic markers for g-NEN patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort of patients with g-NEN from January 2001 through June 2016 was examined. The prognostic significance of PLR was determined by multiple regression analysis in different models. A stratified analysis was performed to examine the prognostic value of PLR at different BMI levels.ResultsIn total, 238 patients were enrolled, and those with higher PLRs tended to undergo open surgery, have larger tumor sizes, were diagnosed more frequently with neuroendocrine carcinoma, and have higher tumor grades. PLR was significantly associated with the survival of g-NEN patients. With PLR increased per standard deviation, the all-cause mortality risk of g-NEN patients increased by 67%, 63%, and 54% in the crude (HR=1.67, 95% CI 1.32-2.12, P < 0.001), minimally adjusted (HR=1.63, 95% CI 1.28-2.08, P < 0.001), and fully adjusted (HR=1.54, 95% CI 1.202-1.98, P = 0.001) models, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between BMI subgroups and PLR in predicting survival of g-NEN patients. G-NEN patients with the characteristics of higher PLR (quartile 4, ≥187) and non-overweight (BMI <25 kg/m2) had worse survival than the other (P <0.05).ConclusionThe inflammation marker PLR has an independent prognostic value for g-NEN patients, and high PLR combined with non-overweight increases the mortality risk of patients with g-NEN.
The weight percentiles of singleton full-term pregnant women by gestational week and risks of low birth weight or macrosomia in those outsides: a real word data analysis of 32 hospitals
Authors: Li Bing , Xiao Xiao-hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was to create the weight percentiles of pregnant women with singleton full-term birth by gestational week (GW), and to evaluate the risks of low birth weight (LBW) and over birth weight/macrosomia (OBW) in newborns with maternal weight under 10th percentile (P10) or over 90th percentile (P90).Methods: The real medical record data of 94473 singleton full-term pregnancy women and their newborns were extracted from a regional information system. All participants were divided into LBW group, normal birth weight (NBW) group and OBW group, and the weight percentiles of all pregnant women and the weight percentiles curves by three groups and maternal BMI category were created. Then we calculated and compared the frequency of under P10 and over P90 during pregnancy in there groups, and used a adjusted generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to compare the weight of three groups, and estimated the OR (95% CI) of LBW and OBW in under P10 and over P90 women by GW.Results: In all 94473 participants, 1.78% (1678) were full-term LBW and 2.94% (2780) were OBW. Compared with normal weight women, underweight women had a lower level and sharper percentile curves, overweight and obesity women had higher level and flatter percentile curves. Compared with NBW, women with LBW had a lower level percentile curves and women with OBW had a higher level percentile curves. Compared never under P10 women during pregnancy, OR (95% CI) of LBW was 2.15 (1.83, 2.52) in 1-3 frequencies under P10 women and was 3.37 (3.01, 3.77) in more than 3 frequencies under P10 women. Compared never over P90 women during pregnancy, OR (95% CI) of OBW was 2.54 (2.22, 2.91) in 1-3 frequencies over P90 women and was 4.97 (4.57, 5.41) in more than 3 frequencies over P90 women. At each GW, LBW was negative correlation with maternal weight (P < 0.05) and OBW was positive correlation with maternal weight (P < 0.05). In under P10 weight women at each GW (excepting 10th and 14th GW), there was a high risk of LBW (OR values from 1.64 to 3.77, P < 0.05). In over P90 weight women at each GW, there was a high risk of OBW (OR values from 2.22 to 4.28, P < 0.05).Conclusion: The weight percentiles and their curves by GW are available, economical and convenient measure for pregnancy health-care services and self-monitor of pregnant women, under P10 weight increases the risk of LBW and over P90 weight increases the risk of macrosomia.
Bloodstream infections in allogeneic haematopoietic cell recipients from the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
Authors: Weisser Maja , Sava Mihaela , Baettig Veronika , Gerull Sabine , Passweg Jakob , Khanna Nina , Garzoni Christian , Gerber Bernhard , Mueller Nicolas , Schanz Urs , Berger Christoph , Chalandon Yves , Delden Christian van , Neofytos Dionysios , Stampf Susanne , Franzeck Fabian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Empiric antibiotic treatment for bloodstream infection (BSI) after haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in the era of antimicrobial resistance is challenging. We conducted a nested project in the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study 09/2009 to 10/2018 assessing BSI incidence, pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to detect factors associated with BSI and outcome. We included 1 364 adults (61.1% male) receiving 1 432 HCTs complicated by 676 BSIs in 451 (33%) patients. Cumulative incidence of BSI was 20.5% (95%CI 18.4 – 22.7) until day 100 after the first HCT. Gram-positive pathogens, mostly coagulase-negative staphylococci, dominated (454, 58.1%). Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and quinolone-resistance were observed in 41/195 (21%) and 81/195 (41.5%) of Enterobacterales, respectively. Carbapenem-resistance was documented in 10/49 (20.4%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Multivariable cox regression analysis within the first-year post-transplant identified male gender, comorbidities, myeloablative regimen, acute graft-versus-host disease grade III/IV and haematological progression/relapse after HCT as independent risk factors for BSI. One-year mortality was 26.6% with BSI modeled as a time-dependent covariable independent risk factor for mortality. To conclude, BSI remains a frequent complication after HCT, with stable rates of antibiotic resistance in BSI-causing pathogens in Switzerland. BSI was a major contributor to mortality.
Corrosion of Weld Heat-affected Zones Submersed in Seawater With Indigenous Microorganisms
Authors: Liduino Vitor Silva , Leoni Gabriel Batalha , Brasil Simone Louise , Payão-Filho João , Sérvulo Eliana Flávia Camporese 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The corrosion behaviors of different weld heat-affected zones (HAZs) were investigated, comprising an API 5L X65 steel immersed in seawater with an abundant native microbial community. Before tests, HAZ physical simulations were performed at the peak temperatures of 700°C, 860°C, 1000°C, and 1350°C. Throughout 14 days of immersion, various planktonic bacterial groups associated with microbiologically influenced corrosion were metabolically active in the seawater. Desulfovibrio members were present in a considerable number of OTUs. Scanning electron microscopy showed an intense microbial adhesion and corrosion product deposits in all HAZ sub-regions and the control base metal coupon (BM). The electrochemical tests revealed that the corrosion behavior of all HAZ sub-regions and BM were indistinguishable. However, topography analysis showed different behaviors of pitting corrosion. The results revealed that the pitting resistance of the microstructure composed of cementite grains (700°C HAZ) was superior to that of other HAZ sub-regions. On the other hand, the microstructure composed of martensite and austenite grains (860°C HAZ) exhibited the worst pitting resistance of the weld joint, leading to a maximum pit penetration of 2.3 times greater than that pit on the BM. The changes in the HAZ sub-region sensitivity to pitting corrosion were attributed to variations in the microstructural composition.
A weighted composite log-likelihood approach to parametric estimation of the extreme quantiles of a distribution
Authors: Stein Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Extreme value theory motivates estimating extreme upper quantiles of a distribution by selecting some threshold, discarding those observations below the threshold and fitting a generalized Pareto distribution to exceedances above the threshold via maximum likelihood.
This sharp cutoff between observations that are used in the parameter estimation and those that are not is at odds with statistical practice for analogous problems such as nonparametric density estimation, in which observations are typically smoothly downweighted as they become more distant from the value at which the density is being estimated.
By exploiting the fact that the order statistics of independent and identically distributed observations form a Markov chain, this work shows how one can obtain a natural weighted composite log-likelihood for fitting generalized Pareto distributions to exceedances over a threshold.
Some theory demonstrates the asymptotic advantages of using weights in the special case when the shape parameter of the limiting generalized Pareto distribution is known to be 0.
Methods for extending this approach to observations that are not identically distributed are described and applied to an analysis of daily precipitation data in New York City.
Perhaps the most important practical finding is that including weights in the composite log-likelihood can reduce the sensitivity of estimates to small changes in the threshold.
Study of nonsynchronous online teaching of regional anatomy for international students integrated with medical humanity and local culture during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hao Yanli , Ding Hongmei , Li Qingqing , Lin Manchun , ibrahin Ambreen , Wang Xiao , Wu Yingying , Leng Shuilong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeCOVID-19 pandemic imposed unexpected disruptions to anatomical educational practice, the teaching of regional anatomy for international students which has changed to an online format and faces various challenges. The challenges include creating online education homogeneous/equivalent to offline education, introducing local culture to international students, and educating students in medical humanities and ethics. Methods To address these problems, the teaching staff integrated medical humanities and local culture into nonsynchronous online teaching of regional anatomy. ResultsThe nonsynchronous online teaching with interpreted videos of dissections does not significantly affect the experimental and total scores of regional anatomy courses for international students. Integrating medical humanities and local culture into this teaching model is appreciated by them, and also has a good teaching effect. ConclusionStudents not only got professional knowledge but also obtained enhanced exposure to local culture and professional spirit from this regional anatomy education.
Active immunization using TRPM2 peptide vaccine attenuates atherosclerotic progression in a mouse model of atherosclerosis
Authors: Yao Xiaoqiang , Ying Fan , Zhang Yunting , Meng Zhaoyue , Tian Xiaoyu , Li Xiao , Li Jingxuan , Lo Chun-yin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases and mortality around the world. One exciting strategy for atherosclerosis treatment is immunotherapy, especially active immunization. Active immunization relies on the delivery of antigens in a vaccine platform to introduce humoral and cellular immunity alleviating atherosclerotic progression. TRPM2 is an ROS-activated Ca2+-permeable ion channel that can promote atherosclerosis via stimulating vascular inflammation. In the present study, we developed a strategy of active immunization with TRPM2 E3 domain peptide in a vaccine platform, aiming to induce endogenous production of anti-TRPM2 blocking antibody in mice in vivo, consequently inhibiting TRPM2 channel activity to alleviate atherosclerotic progression. The results show that immunization with a pig TRPM2 E3 region-based peptide (P1) could effectively alleviate high cholesterol diet-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. We worked out the best vaccine formulation for most effective atheroprotection, namely P1 at the dose of 67.5 µg per mouse (2.5 mg/kg body weight) with aluminium salts as adjuvant. The present study laid the foundation for future clinical trials using TRPM2 E3 vaccine for potential therapeutic option against atherosclerosis.
Comparison of Proliferation and Differentiation of Hanwoo Muscle Satellite Cells and C2C12 Myoblast Cells According to Culture Temperature
Authors: Oh Sehyuk , Park Sanghun , Park Yunhwan , Kim Yuna , Park Gyutae , Joo Seontea , Hur Sunjin , Kim Gapdon , Choi Jungseok 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To improve culture efficiency of Hanwoo muscle satellite cells, these cells were cultured at different temperatures. Hanwoo muscle satellite cells were compared with C2C12 cells to observe proliferation and differentiation at culture temperatures of 37 ℃ and 39 ℃ and determine the possibility of using them as cultured meat. Immunofluorescence staining using Pax7 and Hoechst, both cells cultured at 37 ℃ proliferated better than cultured at 39 ℃ (p < 0.05). When differentiated cells were stained with myosin and Hoechst, there was no significant difference in root canal thickness and Fusion index. In Western blotting analysis, Hanwoo muscle satellite cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin or cytochrome C between cells differentiated at the two temperatures. C2C12 cells were no significant difference in the expression of myosin between cells differentiated at the two temperatrues. In RT-qPCR analysis, Hanwoo muscle satellite cells cultured at 39 ℃ had significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of MyHC, MRF4, and myoglobin than those cultured at 37 ℃. C2C12 cells cultured at 39 ℃ showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of myogenin and myoglobin than those cultured at 37 ℃. To increase culture efficiency of Hanwoo muscle satellite cells, proliferating at 37 ℃ and differentiating at 39 ℃ are appropriate. Since results of temperature differences of Hanwoo muscle satellite cells were similar to those of C2C12 cells, they could be used as a reference for producing cultured meat using Hanwoo satellite cells.
Improving soil moisture capacity with polymeric-mineral materials for growing plants
Authors: Vartanyan Arevshad A. , Shakhnazarov Alexander A. , Avanesyan Eleonora V. , Tokmajyan Vache H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The amount, quality and cost of growing plants are determined not only by biological traits, but also by environmental factors such as soil moisture capacity. Water, nutrients and air, in addition to light and heat, are required for regular plant development. Furthermore, water is the most significant factor in the productivity and viability of plants contained in soil, determining all vital activities in plants and microorganisms, as well as the physicochemical qualities of the soil, cultivation schedule, etc. The authors conducted tests to boost the field moisture capacity of various substrates using polymer-mineral materials (PMM) inserted into them, allowing them to conserve additional water for plant development and survival gathered through precipitation or artificial irrigation. Furthermore, the volume of collected water can be managed by the amount of PMM put into the substrate and, if necessary, brought to levels that can drastically reduce the frequency of irrigations, for example, by half or more, and, in certain circumstances, completely abandon it under boghara conditions. Tests conducted without plants allow us to offer recommendations on the technology of placing PMM in the substrate to increase their moisture capacity, as well as the best amount to acquire a particular volume of additional water. In particular, in soil with a field capacity of 30 %, 3-6 gr of PMM material can be added to raise it by 20-30 %, providing an additional 60-90 g of water per kg of soil, equal to the volume of water that the soil provides the plant quite easily even without material. Plants can easily absorb 30 % of the water capacity of the area.
An Unusual Case of Scimitar Syndrome: A case report
Authors: Shrivastava Ashish , Safa Raya M , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Al-Ahmadi Mamdouh , Kobayashi Daisuke , Sanil Yamuna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Scimitar syndrome is a rare congenital heart syndrome. It has a varied presentation and is therefore difficult to diagnose. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and imaging modalities like computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are usually helpful. Treatment involves stabilizing the patient followed by surgical repair which can vary case by case. We report a rare case of an infant incidentally diagnosed with scimitar syndrome. This case highlights the unique occurrence of left pulmonary vein dilation and tortuosity and the progressive nature of pulmonary venous stenosis that could be associated with scimitar syndrome. It's worth acknowledging as a case because of its incidental finding, variable presentation, and rare involvement of the left pulmonary vasculature.
scm6A-seq reveals single-cell landscapes of the dynamic m6A during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development
Authors: Yao Huan , Gao Chun-Chun , Zhang Danru , Xu Jiawei , Song Gege , Fan Xiu , Liang Daobo , Chen Yu-Sheng , Li Qian , Guo Yanjie , Hu Lulu , Zhao Yongliang , Sun Yingpu , Yang Ying , han Jianyong , Yang Yun-Gui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been demonstrated to regulate RNA metabolism and various biological processes, including gametogenesis and embryogenesis. However, the landscape and function of m6A at single cell resolution have not been extensively studied in mammalian oocytes or during pre-implantation. In this study, we developed a single-cell m6A sequencing (scm6A-seq) method to simultaneously profile the m6A methylome and transcriptome in single oocytes/blastomeres of cleavage-stage embryos. We found that m6A deficiency leads to aberrant RNA clearance and consequent low quality of Mettl3Gdf9 conditional knockout (cKO) oocytes. We further revealed that m6A regulates the translation and stability of modified RNAs in metaphase II (MII) oocytes and during oocyte-to-embryo transition, respectively. Moreover, we observed m6A-dependent asymmetries in the epi-transcriptome between the blastomeres of two-cell embryo. scm6A-seq thus allows in-depth investigation into m6A characteristics and functions, and the findings provide invaluable single-cell resolution resources for delineating the underlying mechanism for gametogenesis and early embryonic development.
Leptomeningeal Metastases in Glioma Revisited: Incidence and Molecular Predictors Based on Post-contrast FLAIR Imaging
Authors: Park Yae Won , Han Kyunghwa , Park Ji Eun , Ahn Sung Soo , Kim Eui Hyun , Kim Jinna , Kang Seok-Gu , Chang Jong Hee , Lee Se Hoon , Lee Seung-Koo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) in glioma have been underestimated due to low incidence and lack of reliable imaging. This study aimed to investigate a real-world incidence of LM using a CSF-sensitive imaging, namely post-contrast FLAIR, and analyze molecular predictors for LM in the molecular era. Patients and Methods: Total 1,405 adult glioma patients underwent post-contrast FLAIR imaging at initial diagnosis and during treatment monitoring between 2001 and 2021. Molecular data included isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, 1p/19q co-deletion, H3 K27M alteration, and O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status. LM diagnosis was performed with MRI including post-contrast FLAIR. Logistic regression analysis for LM development was performed with molecular, clinical, and imaging data. Overall survival (OS) was compared between patients with and without LM. Results: LM was identified in 228 patients (16.2%), with 110 patients (7.8%) at initial diagnosis, and 118 patients (8.4%) at recurrence. Among molecular diagnostics, IDH-wildtype (odds ratio [OR] 3.14, P = .001) and MGMT promoter unmethylation (OR=1.43, P=.034) were independent predictors of LM. WHO grade 4 (OR=10.52, P <.001) and nonlobar location (OR=1.54, P=.048) were associated with LM at initial diagnosis, whereas IDH-wildtype (OR=5.04, P<.001) and H3 K27M alteration (OR=3.39, P=.003) were associated with LM at recurrence. Patients with LM had a worse median OS than those without LM (16.7 vs. 32.0 months, log-rank test; P<.001). Conclusions: CSF-sensitive imaging aid diagnosis of LM demonstrating a high incidence of LM in adult gliomas. Furthermore, molecular markers are associated with LM development in glioma, and patients with aggressive molecular markers warrant imaging surveillance of LM.
WITHDRAWN: Millimeter-scale combustion characteristics of premixed methane flames
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A fundamental understanding of the stabilization mechanisms of a flame within very small spaces is of both fundamental and practical significance. While flame propagation in small spaces is feasible, the interplay of kinetics and transport in flame stability and combustion characteristics is poorly understood. Numerical simulations are performed using computational fluid dynamics to understand the overall millimeter-scale combustion characteristics of premixed methane flames. The effect of heat transfer coefficient on flame stability is investigated. Computations are performed to gain insights into combustion system performance such as reaction rates, temperatures, and flames. The factors affecting combustion characteristics are determined for millimeter-scale combustion systems. The results indicate that the cavity structure can induce recirculation of hot products, thereby improving flame stability. Vortex breakdown occurs just downstream of the cavities thereby enabling flame holding to be achieved. Stable high combustion is possible at temperatures not only well below a temperature resulting in significant formation of nitrogen oxides from molecular nitrogen and oxygen but often even below the minimum temperatures of catalytic combustors. In order for flame holding to occur, fuel and air must be mixed and provided a low velocity region to reside. Thermal quenching is the loss of energy generated by combustion through heat transfer out of the combustion region. Chemical quenching occurs when the reactive species is removed by reaction with the material forming the combustion chamber wall surfaces. Material resistance to corrosion and decomposition during combustion is essential for long term operation of the millimeter-scale system.