bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of LINC00654-NINL Regulatory Axis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma In Silico Analysis
Authors: Chen Yinchu , Li Chen , Wang Nana , Wu Zhenghao , Zhang Jin , Yan Jiawei , Wei Yuanfeng , Peng Qunlong , Qi Jing 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-mRNA regulation network plays an important role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study uses bioinformatics to find an innovative regulation axis in DLBCL that will provide a positive reference for defining the mechanism of disease progression.MethodsBatch Cox regression was used to screen prognosis-related lncRNAs, and a random forest model was used to identify hub lncRNA. The clinical value of the lncRNA was evaluated and Spearman correlation analysis was used to predict the candidate target genes. Gene Oncology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were used to define the biological function of the lncRNA. A batch Cox regression model, expression validation, and Spearman correlation analysis were used to select the best downstream target genes. The expression and prognostic value validation of this gene was conducted using public data. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore potential mechanisms for this gene in DLBCL.ResultsLINC00654 was identified as the hub lncRNA and 1443 mRNAs were selected as downstream target genes of the lncRNA. The target genes were enriched in the regulation of GTPase and Notch signaling pathways. After validation, the ninein-like (NINL) gene was selected as the potential target of LINC00654 and the LINC00654-NINL axis was constructed. Patients with better responses to therapy were shown to have high NINL gene expression (p-value = 0.036). NINL also had high expression in the DB cell line and low expression in the OCILY3 cell line. Survival analysis showed that high NINL expression was a risk factor for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) within older patients and those with advanced-stage cancer. GSEA results showed that NINL may be involved in neutrophil-mediated immunity and NF-κB signaling.ConclusionThis study identified a novel LncRNA00654-NINL regulatory axis in DLBCL, which could provide a favorable reference for exploring the possible mechanisms of disease progression.
Effectiveness and Safety of Therapeutic Vaccines for Precancerous Cervical Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cai Shan , Tan Xiaoyu , Miao Ke , Li Dantong , Cheng Si , Li Pei , Zeng Xueyang , Sun Feng 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study systematically evaluated the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic vaccines for precancerous cervical lesions, providing evidence for future research.MethodsWe systematically searched the literature in 10 databases from inception to February 18, 2021. Studies on the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic vaccines for precancerous cervical lesions were included. Then, we calculated the overall incidence rates of four outcomes, for which we used the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to describe the effects of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) on recurrence.ResultsA total of 39 studies were included, all reported in English, published from 1989 to 2021 in 16 countries. The studies covered 22,865 women aged 15–65 years, with a total of 5,794 vaccinated, and 21 vaccines were divided into six types. Meta-analysis showed that the overall incidence rate of HSIL regression in vaccine therapies was 62.48% [95% CI (42.80, 80.41)], with the highest rate being 72.32% for viral vector vaccines [95% CI (29.33, 99.51)]. Similarly, the overall incidence rates of HPV and HPV16/18 clearance by vaccines were 48.59% [95% CI (32.68, 64.64)] and 47.37% [95% CI (38.00, 56.81)], respectively, with the highest rates being 68.18% [95% CI (45.13, 86.14)] for bacterial vector vaccines and 55.14% [95% CI (42.31, 67.66)] for DNA-based vaccines. In addition, a comprehensive analysis indicated that virus-like particle vaccines after conization reduced the risk of HSIL recurrence with statistical significance compared to conization alone [RR = 0.46; 95% CI (0.29, 0.74)]. Regarding safety, only four studies reported a few severe adverse events, indicating that vaccines for precancerous cervical lesions are generally safe.ConclusionVirus-like particle vaccines as an adjuvant immunotherapy for conization can significantly reduce the risk of HSIL recurrence. Most therapeutic vaccines have direct therapeutic effects on precancerous lesions, and the effectiveness in HSIL regression, clearance of HPV, and clearance of HPV16/18 is great with good safety. That is, therapeutic vaccines have good development potential and are worthy of further research.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42021275452.
Performance of a Risk Analytic Tool (Index of Tissue Oxygen Delivery “IDO2”) in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit of a Developing Country
Authors: Abbas Qalab , Hussain Muhammad Zaid H. , Shahbaz Fatima Farrukh , Siddiqui Naveed ur Rehman , Hasan Babar S. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the performance of a commercially available risk analytic tool (IDO2) to estimate the risk for SVO2 &lt; 40% in patients admitted in cardiac intensive care unit (CICU).MethodsMedical and T3 records of all patients (aged 1 day to 12 years, weight &gt;2 kg) who received care in the CICU between October 1st, 2019 and October 1st, 2020, had SvO2 lab(s) drawn during CICU course and whose data was transmitted to T3, were included. The average IDO2 Index was computed in the 30-min period immediately prior to each SvO2 measurement and used as a predictor score for SvO2 &lt; 40%.ResultsA total of 69 CICU admissions from 65 patients, median age 9.3 months (interquartile range 20.8) were identified. Surgical and medical patients were 61 (88%) and 8 (12%) respectively; 4 (5.7%) patients had single ventricle physiology. Tetralogy of Fallot n = 23 (33.3%) and ventricular septal defects 17 (24.6%) were major cardiac diagnosis. Sixty-one (89.9%) of the admissions were successfully discharged from the hospital. Of the 187-total included SvO2 labs, 17 (9%) were &lt;40%. The AUC of estimating SvO2 &lt; 40% IDO2 was 0.87 [confidence interval (CI): 0.79–0.94]. Average IDO2 above 75 had the highest absolute risk (42.11, CI: 20.25–66.50) and highest RR (4.63, CI: 2.31–9.28, p-value &lt; 0.0001) of SvO2 &lt; 40%.ConclusionIDO2 performed well in estimating low SvO2 (&lt;40%) in pediatric patients presenting to a CICU in a low resource setting. Future work is needed to determine the effect of this risk analytic tool on clinical outcomes in such a setting.
Potency and Therapeutic THC and CBD Ratios: U.S. Cannabis Markets Overshoot
Authors: Pennypacker Sarah D. , Cunnane Katharine , Cash Mary Catherine , Romero-Sandoval E. Alfonso 
Published: June 2022

Background and aims: The effects exuded by cannabis are a result of the cannabinoids trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and is dependent upon their pharmacological interaction and linked to the two cannabinoids’ concentrations and ratios. Based on current literature and trends of increasing cannabis potency, we postulate that most medical cannabis products with THC and CBD have ratios capable of producing significant acute intoxication and are similar to recreational products. We will test this by organizing products into clinically distinct categories according to TCH:CBD ratios, evaluating the data in terms of therapeutic potential, and comparing the data obtained from medical and recreational programs and from states with differing market policies.Methods: We utilized data encompassing online herbal dispensary product offerings from nine U.S. states. The products were analyzed after being divided into four clinically significant THC:CBD ratio categories identified based on the literature: CBD can enhance THC effects (THC:CBD ratios ≥1:1), CBD has no significant effect on THC effects (ratios ∼ 1:2), CBD can either have no effect or can mitigate THC effects (ratios 1:&gt;2 &lt; 6), or CBD is protective against THC effects (ratios ≤1:6).Results: A significant number of products (58.5%) did not contain any information on CBD content. Across all states sampled, the majority (72–100%) of both medical and recreational products with CBD (&gt;0%) fall into the most intoxicating ratio category (≥1:1 THC:CBD), with CBD likely enhancing THC’s acute effects. The least intoxicating categories (1:&gt;2 &lt; 6 and ≤1:6 THC:CBD) provided the smallest number of products. Similarly, the majority of products without CBD (0%) contained highly potent amounts of THC (&gt;15%). These results were consistent, regardless of differing market policies in place.Conclusions: Despite the distinct goals of medical and recreational cannabis users, medical and recreational program product offerings are nearly identical. Patients seeking therapeutic benefits from herbal cannabis products are therefore at a substantial risk of unwanted side effects, regardless of whether they obtain products from medical or recreational programs. Efforts are needed to better inform patients of the risks associated with high potency cannabis and the interaction between THC and CBD, and to help shape policies that promote more therapeutic options.
Persistent Depressive Symptoms and the Changes in Serum Cystatin C Levels in the Elderly: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Han Tiandong , Zhang Li , Jiang Weixing , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe burden of depression in the elderly is increasing worldwide with global aging. However, there is still a lack of research on the relationship between depressive symptoms and the progression of renal function. Our aim is to evaluate the longitudinal association between baseline depressive symptoms and the changes in serum cystatin C levels over 10 years' follow-up period.MethodsWe used longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), an existing community based nationally representative aging cohort study which enrolled individuals over age 50 in the USA. Depressive symptoms were determined using an eight-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD) at wave 7 (2004) and wave 8 (2006). Persistent depressive symptoms were defined as both CESD scores measured at waves 7 and 8 were ≥3; episodic depressive symptoms were defined as CESD scores ≥3 at wave 7 or wave 8. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the correlation between baseline depressive symptoms and future changes in cystatin C levels.ResultsThe mean age of the 7,642 participants was 63.8 ± 10.8 years, and 60.9% were women. Among the participants, 1,240 (16.2%) had episodic depressive symptoms and 778 (10.2%) had persistent depressive symptoms. Compared with participants with no depressive symptoms at both waves, a significant increase in serum cystatin C levels was found among those with persistent depressive symptoms.ConclusionsOur results showed that baseline persistent depressive symptoms were significantly associated with an increased rate of serum cystatin C levels. The level of serum cystatin C should be monitored in the elderly with persistent depressive symptoms.
Automated Discrimination of Cough in Audio Recordings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sharan Praveer 
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 virus has irrevocably changed the world since 2020, and its incredible infectivity and severity have sent a majority of countries into lockdown. The virus’s incubation period can reach up to 14 days, enabling asymptomatic hosts to transmit the virus to many others in that period without realizing it, thus making containment difficult. Without actively getting tested each day, which is logistically improbable, it would be very difficult for one to know if they had the virus during the incubation period. The objective of this paper’s systematic review is to compile the different tools used to identify coughs and ascertain how artificial intelligence may be used to discriminate a cough from another type of cough. A systematic search was performed on Google Scholar, PubMed, and MIT library search engines to identify papers relevant to cough detection, discrimination, and epidemiology. A total of 204 papers have been compiled and reviewed and two datasets have been discussed. Cough recording datasets such as the ESC-50 and the FSDKaggle 2018 and 2019 datasets can be used for neural networking and identifying coughs. For cough discrimination techniques, neural networks such as k-NN, Feed Forward Neural Network, and Random Forests are used, as well as Support Vector Machine and naive Bayesian classifiers. Some methods propose hybrids. While there are many proposed ideas for cough discrimination, the method best suited for detecting COVID-19 coughs within this urgent time frame is not known. The main contribution of this review is to compile information on what has been researched on machine learning algorithms and its effectiveness in diagnosing COVID-19, as well as highlight the areas of debate and future areas for research. This review will aid future researchers in taking the best course of action for building a machine learning algorithm to discriminate COVID-19 related coughs with great accuracy and accessibility.
The Association Between Visceral Obesity and Postoperative Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dong Qiantong , Song Haonan , Chen Weizhe , Wang Wenbin , Ruan Xiaojiao , Xie Tingting , Huang Dongdong , Chen Xiaolei , Xing Chungen 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe impact of visceral obesity on the postoperative complications of colorectal cancer in elderly patients has not been well studied. This study aims to explore the influence of visceral obesity on surgical outcomes in elderly patients who have accepted a radical surgery for colorectal cancer.MethodsPatients aged over 65 year who had undergone colorectal cancer resections from January 2015 to September 2020 were enrolled. Visceral obesity is typically evaluated based on visceral fat area (VFA) which is measured by computed tomography (CT) imaging. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze parameters related to short-term outcomes.ResultsA total of 528 patients participated in this prospective study. Patients with visceral obesity exhibited the higher incidence of total (34.1% vs. 18.0%, P &lt; 0.001), surgical (26.1% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.001) and medical (12.6% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.022) complications. Based on multivariate analysis, visceral obesity and preoperative poorly controlled hypoalbuminemia were considered as independent risk factors for postoperative complications in elderly patients after colorectal cancer surgery.ConclusionsVisceral obesity, evaluated by VFA, was a crucial clinical predictor of short-term outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery in elderly patients. More attentions should be paid to these elderly patients before surgery.
Prognostic Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Second-Line Immunotherapy for Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Kunlun , Zhao Erjiang , Li Bingxu , Li Shenglei , Dong Xiaotao , Yuan Ling , Yang Hui 
Published: June 2022

Background: Immunotherapy is recommended by the NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines as the standard second-line treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients with advanced ESCC can benefit from immunotherapy, but the overall survival time (OS) is still not satisfactory. Therefore, it is of great importance to select effective prognostic indicators.Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2020 among 44 patients with advanced ESCC treated with second-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (programmed death -1 blocking agents) in our hospital. The cutoff values of baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), LDH level at week 8, serum albumin, hemoglobin, neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets were obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between LDH at baseline, LDH level at week 8, and LDH changes during treatment with progression-free survival (PFS) and OS time. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses to determine the predictors of OS.Results: In univariate analysis, we found patients with lower baseline LDH levels (cutoff value: 200 U/L) had a better median PFS (8 months vs. 3 months; HR = 2.420, 95% CI: 1.178–4.971, p = 0.016) and OS (14 months vs. 6 months; HR = 3.637, 95% CI: 1.638–8.074, p = 0.004). The level of LDH at week 8 and the changes in LDH during treatment were not significantly associated with PFS or OS. The multivariate analyses showed that baseline LDH was an independent predictor of PFS (HR = 2.712, 95% CI: 1.147–6.409, p = 0.023) and OS (HR = 6.260, 95% CI: 2.320–16.888, p &lt; 0.001), and the monocyte count (HR = 0.389, 95% CI: 0.162–0.934, p = 0.035) was significantly associated with OS.Conclusion: Serum LDH is a powerful independent factor for PFS and OS in advanced ESCC patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy.
Arzneimittelallergien bei Kindern: was sollten Kinderärzte wissen?
Authors: Bellutti Enders Felicitas , Roth Michèle , Roethlisberger Samuel 
Published: June 2022

Das Label einer Arzneimittelallergie (AA) haben viele Kinder und dieses kann lebenslange Konsequenzen für den Patienten, aber auch für die gesamte Bevölkerung haben: eingeschränkte Auswahl an Medikamenten und daher weniger effiziente Therapien, Resistenzentwicklung und höhere Gesundheitskosten. Die meisten Kinder tolerieren aber das betroffene Medikament, wenn sie erneut im oralen Provokationstest (OPT) exponiert werden, sind also nicht allergisch. Genaue Studien zur Epidemiologie von AA bei Kindern fehlen und meistens bleibt der OPT das einzige diagnostische Hilfsmittel bei Kindern mit kutanen, nicht gravierenden Reaktionen. Die europäische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (EAACI) hat in den letzten Jahren für die häufigsten Hypersensitivitätsreaktionen bei Kindern, d.h. auf Betalaktam (BL)-Antibiotika, Nicht-steroidale Antirheumatika (NSAR), Antiepileptika und Impfungen, Empfehlungen für die Diagnostik veröffentlicht, welche wir in dieser Übersicht besprechen möchten.
Assessing the Health and Economic Outcomes of a 9-Valent HPV Vaccination Program in the United Kingdom
Authors: Owusu-Edusei Kwame , Palmer Cody , Ovcinnikova Olga , Favato Giampiero , Daniels Vincent 
Published: June 2022

Background: The United Kingdom (UK) switched from using the 4-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil®) to the 9-valent vaccine (Gardasil 9®) in 2021. Objective: To estimate and compare the health and economic outcomes of 2 HPV vaccination programs in the UK targeting girls and boys aged 12-13 years from the perspective of the UK National Health Service. The 2 vaccination strategies were (1) universal vaccination 4-valent (UV4V), using the 4-valent HPV vaccine (4vHPV), and (2) universal vaccination 9-valent (UV9V), using the 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV). Methods: A deterministic heterosexual compartmental disease transmission model was used to track health and economic outcomes over a 100-year time horizon. Outcomes were discounted at an annual rate of 3.5% and 1.5%. All costs were adjusted to 2020 British pounds (£). Health outcomes were measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and the summary results were presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (£/QALY gained) when comparing UV4V with UV9V. Results: Using the same vaccine coverage for both programs, the total cumulative cases of HPV-related health outcomes tracked over the 100-year horizon indicated that the relative number of cases averted (UV9V vs UV4V) ranged from 4% (anal male cancers and deaths) to 56% (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN1]). Assuming that 9vHPV cost £15.18 more than 4vHPV (a cost differential based on discounted list prices), the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was £8600/QALY gained when discounted at 3.5%, and £3300/QALY gained when discounted at 1.5%. The estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios from the sensitivity analyses remained <£28000/QALY over a wide range of parameter inputs and demonstrated that disease utilities, discount rate, and vaccine efficacy were the 3 most influential parameters. Discussion: Consistent with other published studies, the results from this study found that the 9vHPV vaccine prevented a substantial number of cases when compared with the 4vHPV vaccine and was highly cost-effective. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that replacing universal 4vHPV with 9vHPV can prevent a substantial additional number of HPV-related cases/deaths (in both women and men) and remain cost-effective over a range of 9vHPV price premiums.
Capacidades basadas en el conocimiento para la gestión ambiental en hoteles de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Reyes Santiago María Del Rosario , Sánchez Medina Patricia Soledad 
Published: June 2022

El hospedaje se ha convertido en una actividad intensiva en conocimiento, y su gestión es un elemento vital para lograr la competitividad de las organizaciones. En la presente investigación se ha construido un marco de capacidades basadas en el conocimiento para la gestión ambiental de los hoteles de Oaxaca, México.
En esta investigación se presenta un estudio transversal realizado en unidades hoteleras de Oaxaca, México. Para ello se diseñó un cuestionario, que se aplicó a dueños o administradores de 130 unidades de hospedaje; el análisis de los datos se realizó mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por el método de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS).
Los resultados evidencian que el conocimiento tácito y explícito, es un recurso fundamental en el hotel. El conocimiento es aprovechado por la organización por medio de capacidades de adquisición, internalización y transformación; estas capacidades coexisten y se relacionan, conformando un circuito de conocimiento para un mejor desempeño ambiental del hotel.
Este documento extiende el marco de capacidades dinámicas al ámbito del turismo; a fin de participar en acciones ambientales proactivas, reconocer los esfuerzos empresariales y generar alternativas de acción para su fortalecimiento, en especial se destaca la necesidad de buscar formas para hacer explícito el conocimiento adquirido en elementos como políticas empresariales y metas ambientales, las cuales pueden ser fácilmente comunicadas a sus clientes, proveedores y comunidades anfitrionas.
Para los hacedores de políticas públicas esta investigación es de utilidad como guía para la elaboración de políticas públicas ambientales compatibles y cercanas con las necesidades específicas del sector. Y para la audiencia en general es de interés, pues evidencia las acciones que los hoteles están implementando en favor del medio ambiente natural.
The Excluded Minors for Lattice Path Polymatroids
Authors: Bonin Joseph , Chun Carolyn , Fife Tara 
Published: June 2022

We find the excluded minors for the minor-closed class of lattice path polymatroids as a subclass of the minor-closed class of Boolean polymatroids. Like lattice path matroids and Boolean polymatroids, there are infinitely many excluded minors, but they fall into a small number of easily-described types.