bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRT der Hand
Authors: von Falck Christian 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Hand ist eine komplexe anatomische Region, in der verschiedene Strukturen und
Gewebe auf engem Raum zusammenliegen und ein funktionell wichtiges Tast- und
Greiforgan bilden. Dementsprechend vielgestaltig sind auch die Krankheitsbilder,
die in dieser Region auftreten können. Die MRT bietet die Möglichkeit, eine
Vielzahl pathologischer Veränderungen an der Hand zu erkennen.
An Update on Laboratory Diagnostics in Haemophilia A and B
Authors: Müller Jens , Miesbach Wolfgang , Prüller Florian , Siegemund Thomas , Scholz Ute , Sachs Ulrich J. ,   Standing Commission Labor (STAEKOLA) of the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research (GTH)
Published: February 2022

AbstractHaemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) are X-linked hereditary bleeding disorders caused by lack of activity of coagulation factors VIII (FVIII) or IX (FIX), respectively. Besides conventional products, modern replacement therapies include FVIII or FIX concentrates with an extended half-life (EHL-FVIII/FIX). Two main strategies for measuring plasma FVIII or FIX activity are applied: the one-stage clotting assay (OSCA) and the chromogenic substrate assay (CSA), both calibrated against plasma (FVIII/FIX) standards. Due to the structural modifications of EHL-FVIII/FIX, reagent-dependent assay discrepancies have been described when measuring the activity of these molecules. Assay discrepancies have also been observed in FVIII/FIX gene therapy approaches. On the other hand, nonfactor replacement by the bispecific antibody emicizumab, a FVIIIa-mimicking molecule, artificially shortens activated partial thromboplastin time–based clotting times, making standard OSCAs inapplicable for analysis of samples from patients treated with this drug. In this review, we aim to give an overview on both, the currently applied and future therapies in HA and HB with or without inhibitors and corresponding test systems suitable for accompanying diagnostics.
Entzündliche und infektiöse Erkrankungen der Lunge und Pleura bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Baldes Natalie , Bölükbas Servet 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungEntzündliche Erkrankungen der Lunge und Pleura bei Kindern und Jugendlichen umfassen ein weites Spektrum von der komplizierten Pneumonie, der Tuberkulose, Mykosen bis hin zur Echinokokkose. Die Häufigkeit hängt stark von der geografischen Herkunft ab. Diese Übersichtsarbeit gibt einen Überblick von der Diagnostik bis hin zur chirurgischen Therapie dieser Erkrankungen beim pädiatrischen Kollektiv.
The Spectrum of Histomorphological Changes and Pathological Tumor Response following Preoperative Oral Metronomic Chemotherapy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Aravind Sithara , Jose Jasmin , Shenoy Praveen Kumar , Avaronnan Manuprasad , Thavarool Sajith Babu , Nayanar Sangeetha K. 
Published: February 2022

Background Oral metronomic chemotherapy (OMCT) represents an emerging concept in cancer treatment involving frequent administration of chemotherapeutic drugs at doses below maximum tolerated doses and with no prolonged drug-free break. OMCT is being tried preoperatively in developing nations with constrained resources to prevent disease progression during the waiting period from diagnosis to surgery (bridge OMCT). The aim of the present study was to assess the spectrum of histomorphological changes and pathological tumor response following bridge OMCT in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to propose a new pathological response scoring system.
Materials and Methods A retrospective single-center study comprised of tissue sections of tumor proper and metastatic lymph nodes of 50, locally advanced OSCC patients treated with bridge OMCT, and had completed definitive surgery were analyzed. The present study evaluated the histomorphological features and proposed a new scoring system for pathologic tumor response. The pathologic tumor response was categorized as complete response (pCR), no response (pNR), and partial response (pPR).
Results Of the total 50 patients, 2 patients had pCR, 3 had pNR, and 45 patients had pPR as per the new proposed scoring system. Note that 96% of the cases showed no disease progression.
Conclusion Bridge OMCT is a novel treatment method that can be used to tide over the waiting period between the diagnosis and surgery in resource-constrained institutions with heavy patient load. This mode of treatment in locally advanced OSCC seems to provide promising results in this setting. Large multicentric trials are warranted to confirm these results.
Sc(OTf)3-Catalyzed [3+2]-Cycloaddition of Diazoacetoacetate Enones and N-Aryl Nitrones: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Isoxazolidines with Three Contiguous Stereogenic Centers
Authors: Xu Xichen , Zhao Yingjun , Wu Di 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA catalytic [3+2]-cycloaddition using Sc(OTf)3 as a Lewis acid catalyst is developed. This catalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition dia­stereoselectively transforms diazoacetoacetate enones and N-aryl nitrones into highly functionalized isoxazolidines bearing three contiguous chiral centers. The feasibility of the uncatalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is postulated by DFT calculations and substantiated experimentally.
Aortic Thrombosis following COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Petrov Asen , De Glee Romera Juan Pablo , Wilbring Manuel , Alexiou Konstantin , Kappert Utz , Matschke Klaus Ehrhard , Tugtekin Sems-Malte 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Arterial and venous thromboses associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been well described. These events are caused by a hypercoagulable state due to endotheliopathy and infection-driven coagulopathy. There has been an ever-increasing number of documented cases of aortic thrombosis (AoT) in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a systematic review of current scientific literature to identify and consolidate evidence of AoT in COVID-19 patients.
Methods A systematic review of literature was conducted between March 15, 2020, and May 1, 2021, on PubMed and Cochrane databases. Additionally, a case from our facility was included.
Results A total of 38 studies (12 case series and 26 case reports) and a case from our facility describing AoT in 56 COVID-19 patients were included. Patients were aged 64.8 ± 10.5 years, were predominantly male (75%), and had several comorbidities. AoT was symptomatic in 82,14% of patients; however, when D dimers were reported, they were significantly elevated even in otherwise asymptomatic patients. Most patients had no previous history of aortic disease. Thrombosis was described in all parts of the aorta, with several cases reporting multiple locations. The median reported time until development of AoT was 10 days. Peripheral thrombosis occurred in 73.21% of cases, most commonly causing lower limb ischemia. Mortality rate was 30.4%.
Conclusions AoT can occur with no clinical symptoms or as a primary symptom in otherwise asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. D dimers are a highly sensitive diagnostic tool. Diagnosis of this condition prior to development of complications could be instrumental in saving many lives.
Effects of a Technical Solution on Stress of Surgical Staff in Operating Theatres
Authors: Lehrke Jan , Boos Margarete , Cordes Andreas , Leitsmann Conrad , Friedrich Martin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Noise in operating theaters (OT) exceeds safety standards with detrimental effects on the health and performance of OT crews as well as patient safety. One of the reasons for these effects is the stress response to noise, which could be minimized by the Silent Operating Theater Optimisation System (SOTOS), a noise-reductive headset solution.
Methods This study evaluates the effects of the SOTOS on the stress perceived by OT crew members, operationalized through stress level and exhaustion. Twenty-one heart surgeries and 32 robot-assisted prostatectomies at the University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany were examined. Twenty-six surgeries were conducted with and 27 without the SOTOS. The SOTOS-effect is defined as a more beneficial stress course from before to after surgery, when comparing the experimental group with and control group without SOTOS.
Findings Eighty-one OT workers were investigated. The linear multilevel models revealed significant interactions between treatment and time of measurement on stress level (F[1, 406.66] = 3.62, p = 0.029) and exhaustion (F[1, 397.62] = 13.12, p = 0.00017). Nevertheless, there was no a significant main effect of surgery type on stress level (F[1, 82.69] = 1.00, p = 0.32) or on exhaustion (F[1, 80.61] = 0.58, p = 0.45). Additionally, no significant three-way interaction including surgery type, for stress level (F[1, 406.66] = 0.32, p = 0.29) or exhaustion (F[1, 397.62] = 0.03, p = 0.43), was found.
Interpretation An SOTOS-effect was confirmed: the development of stress over the course of an operation was beneficially modified by the SOTOS. Both surgery types are perceived as similarly stressful, and the staff benefits equally strongly from the intervention in both settings.
Platelet Function Test in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Does It Predict Postoperative Bleeding?
Authors: Sharan Sandeep , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Choudhury Minati , Prakash Mohit , Chowdhury Ujjwal K. , Hote Milind , Ravi Vajala 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at increased risk of perioperative bleeding and morbidity associated with transfusion as a result of acquired and pharmacologically induced impaired platelet function.
Settings and Design In this a prospective observational study where 52 patients underwent on-pump CABG were analyzed with ROTEM platelet aggregometry.
Materials and Methods Patients were assigned to the “nonexcessive” and “excessive” postoperative bleeding groups according to the postoperative chest tube drainage over 24 hours. Platelet function was assessed by ROTEM platelet using three different activators (arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, and thrombin receptor-activating peptide), at two perioperative time points (T1, before heparinization and T2, 5–10 minutes after protamine administration).
Results There were no differences regarding demographic, pre–cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) platelet count and antiplatelet therapy. Platelet function was impaired over the time course in all parameters with three different activators. At T2 point, area under the curve (AUC) of all the three platelet indices, that is, TRAPTEM, ARATEM, and ADPTEM, showed significant difference between excessive and nonexcessive groups. At both T1 and T2 points, the amplitude after 6 minutes (A6) and maximum slope (MS) parameters of TRAPTEM, ARATEM, and ADPTEM tests were not significantly different in excessive and nonexcessive groups. At T1 point, AUC was also not significantly different in all three ROTEM platelet tests. Results after protamine administration showed correlation with postoperative chest tube drainage. Cut-off values, as determined by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses, had a consistently weak positive predictive value for all tests at T2 time point, whereas negative predictive values were higher.
Conclusion Platelet function analysis using ROTEM platelet can help to exclude platelet dysfunction as the reason for bleeding after cardiac surgery. Point-of-care platelet function analysis, particularly in combination with viscoelastic testing can reduce perioperative bleeding and transfusion requirements, as well as improve patient outcomes in cardiac surgery.
Conceptualising attitudes towards brand genuinuity: scale development and validation
Authors: ‘t Hart Brian , Phau Ian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to conceptualise attitudes towards brand genuinuity by developing and validating a psychometric scale through four studies. Study 1 generates a pool of potential scale items through a review of the literature, thesaurus search, focus groups, and expert surveys. Study 2 confirms the unidimensionality of the scale items using confirmatory factor analysis. Study 3 establishes convergent, discriminant, predictive, and nomological validity. Finally, Study 4 confirms the generalisability of the scale by applying it in a different context. The process resulted in a 5-item unidimensional scale measuring attitudes towards the brand’s genuinuity. The results demonstrated that brand genuinuity is a unique construct, and distinct from related concepts, brand sincerity, and brand heritage. The development and validation of the current scale fill an important gap in the advertising literature. It provides a better understanding of and mechanism to measure attitudes towards brand genuinuity, which could not be measured with previous scales. Likewise, the scale provides important insights for brand managers and will be an important tool for managers to test and confirm the degree to which new advertising material exhibits brand genuinuity.
Experiences of food poverty among undocumented parents with children in three European countries: a multi-level research strategy
Authors: Brannen Julia , O’Connell Rebecca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA growing literature addresses undocumented migrants in different countries, with governmental exclusion from welfare and health services a common theme. However, little is known comparatively about the difference social context makes to the resources available to these migrants in different circumstances or how they manage and experience material deprivation and social exclusion. Adopting a realist approach, this paper draws on a comparative study that examined food poverty in low-income families with children aged 11–15 years in the UK, Portugal and Norway following the 2008 financial crisis. It shows the ways in which the study’s multi-tiered research design enabled the analysis of the complex conditions in which parents sought to sustain and feed their families. Undocumented migrants living in extreme conditions constitute ‘test cases’ for examining the specific resources available (or not) to households in different layers of context and the consequences for the ways in which food and food poverty were experienced by children and parents in these contexts. The paper thus contributes to the methodological literature on comparative research, in particular to research design in the field of migration and to knowledge about an under-researched group in an increasingly hostile Europe.
Isotope effects on the structural transformation and relaxation of deeply supercooled water
Authors: Kringle Loni , Thornley Wyatt A. , Kay Bruce D. , Kimmel Greg A. 
Published: February 2022

We have examined the structure of supercooled liquid D2O as a function of temperature between 185 and 255 K using pulsed laser heating to rapidly heat and cool the sample on a nanosecond timescale. The liquid structure can be represented as a linear combination of two structural motifs, with a transition between them described by a logistic function centered at 218 K with a width of 10 K. The relaxation to a metastable state, which occurred prior to crystallization, exhibited nonexponential kinetics with a rate that was dependent on the initial structural configuration. When the temperature is scaled by the temperature of maximum density, which is an isostructural point of the isotopologues, the structural transition and the non-equilibrium relaxation kinetics of D2O agree remarkably well with those for H2O.
DNA-encoded library versus RNA-encoded library selection enables design of an oncogenic noncoding RNA inhibitor
Authors: Benhamou Raphael I. , Suresh Blessy M. , Tong Yuquan , Cochrane Wesley G. , Cavett Valerie , Vezina-Dawod Simon , Abegg Daniel , Childs-Disney Jessica L. , Adibekian Alexander , Paegel Brian M. , Disney Matthew D. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Drug discovery generally investigates one target at a time, in sharp contrast to living organisms, which mold ligands and targets by evolution of highly complex molecular interaction networks. We recapitulate this modality of discovery by encoding drug structures in DNA, allowing the entire DNA-encoded library to interact with thousands of RNA fold targets, and then decoding both drug and target by sequencing. This information serves as a filter to identify human RNAs aberrantly produced in cancer that are also binding partners of the discovered ligand, leading to a precision medicine candidate that selectively ablates an oncogenic noncoding RNA, reversing a disease-associated phenotype in cells.
Shape multistability in flexible tubular crystals through interactions of mobile dislocations
Authors: Zakharov Andrei , Beller Daniel A. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Crystalline sheets rolled up into cylinders occur in diverse biological and synthetic systems, including carbon nanotubes, biofilaments of the cellular cytoskeleton, and packings of colloidal particles. In this work, we show, computationally, that such tubular crystals can be programmed with reconfigurable shapes, due to motions of defects that interrupt the periodicity of the crystalline lattice. By identifying and exploiting stable patterns of these defects, we cause tubular crystals to relax into desired target geometries, a design principle that could guide the creation of versatile colloidal analogues to nanotubes. Our results suggest routes to tunable and switchable material properties in ordered, soft materials on deformable surfaces.
Immunogenicity of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccination in exposed and potentially exposed persons in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Hoff Nicole A. , Bratcher Anna , Kelly J. Daniel , Musene Kamy , Kompany Jean Paul , Kabamba Michel , Mbala-Kingebeni Placide , Dighero-Kemp Bonnie , Kocher Gregory , Elliott Elizabeth , Reilly Cavan , Halbrook Megan , Ilunga Kebela Benoit , Gadoth Adva , Ngoie Mwamba Guillaume , Tambu Merly , McIlwain David R. , Mukadi Patrick , Hensley Lisa E. , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Rutherford George W. , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean Jacques , Rimoin Anne W. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
This paper describes findings from a seroepidemiologic study involving a cohort of Ebola-vaccinated individuals from North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), who were studied as part of a collaborative effort between American and Congolese scientists and epidemiologists. Our study examines antibody response at 21 d and 6 mo postvaccination after single-dose rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccination among Ebola virus disease–exposed and potentially exposed populations in the DRC. At 21 d of follow-up, 87.2% had an antibody response. Additionally, 95.6% demonstrated antibody persistence at 6 mo of follow-up. These findings give crucial evidence that antibody response and persistence after Ebola vaccination is robust in outbreak settings in the DRC, knowledge that significantly informs the use of vaccination for outbreak control.
Carleman contraction mapping for a 1D inverse scattering problem with experimental time-dependent data
Authors: Le Thuy T , Klibanov Michael V , Nguyen Loc H , Sullivan Anders , Nguyen Lam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is demonstrated that the contraction mapping principle with the involvement of a Carleman weight function works for a coefficient inverse problem for a 1D hyperbolic equation. Using a Carleman estimate, the global convergence of the corresponding numerical method is established. Numerical studies for both computationally simulated and experimentally collected data are presented. The experimental part is concerned with the problem of computing dielectric constants of explosive-like targets in the standoff mode using severely underdetermined data.
A generalized quasi-boundary value method for recovering a source in a fractional diffusion-wave equation
Authors: Wei Ting , Luo Yuhua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to identifying a space-dependent source in a time-fractional diffusion-wave equation by using the final time data. By the series expression of the solution of the direct problem, the inverse source problem can be formulated by a first kind of Fredholm integral equation. The existence and uniqueness, ill-posedness and a conditional stability in Hilbert scale for the considered inverse problem are provided. We propose a generalized quasi-boundary value regularization method to solve the inverse source problem and also prove that the regularized problem is well-posed. Further, two kinds of convergence rates in Hilbert scale for the regularized solution can be obtained by using an a priori and an a posteriori regularization parameter choice rule, respectively. The numerical examples in one-dimensional case and two-dimensional case are given to confirm our theoretical results for the constant coefficients problem. We also propose a finite difference method based on a variant of L1 scheme to solve the regularized problem for the variable coefficients problem and give its convergence rate. One finite difference method based on a convolution quadrature is provided to solve the regularized problem for comparison. The numerical results for three examples by two algorithms are provided to show the effectiveness and stability of the proposed algorithms.
Direct observation of the temperature dependence of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Zhang Yabing , Kong Xiangjie , Xu Guofu , Jin Ying , Jiang Changjun , Chai Guozhi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the temperature dependence of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in Co/Pt thin film by observing the asymmetric spin-wave dispersion using Brillouin light scattering. The DMI constant D reduce monotonously with the temperature increasing from room temperature to 393 K. By extracting the saturation magnetization M
s and the uniaxial anisotropy K
u, we find that D(T) ∝ K
u (T)2.08±0.13 and D(T) ∝ M
s (T)5.25±0.33. These observations indicate that temperature is a possible way to control the DMI. On the other hand, the temperature dependence of DMI in thin films may have significant influence for potential applications.
Transmission and backscattering characteristics of electromagnetic waves in single layer combined plasma array
Authors: Deng Xuesong , Cheng Li , Shi Jiaming , Fang Ming , Chen Zongsheng , Li Zhigang , Wang Yahui , Lv Xiangyin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves is essential for various microwave applications. This research studies the modulation of EM waves by using single-layer plasma arrays consisting of discharge tubes. We experimentally investigate the transmission spectra and backscattering attenuation characteristics of the plasma arrays, and numerical simulations further reveal the modulation mechanism and influences of the plasma arrays. The experimental and numerical results show that broadband tunable photonic bandgaps can be achieved in frequency ranges of 4–7.5 GHz and 7–9.5 GHz for the transmission spectrum and the backscattering spectrum, respectively. In addition, the proposed plasma array can achieve different modulation effects to satisfy the corresponding scenario requirements by adjusting the configuration and parameters such as the plasma frequency, spacing of the plasma tubes, and the discharge tube’s excitation or extinction of the plasma array. The wave manipulation of the combined plasma array creates opportunities for developing numerous applications, including large-area spatial filtering, radar stealth, and reconfigurable antennas.