bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2D Materials for Wearable Energy Harvesting
Authors: Lee Meng Hao , Wu Wenzhuo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe growing demand for energy in wearable sensors and portable electronics necessitates the development of self‐contained, sustainable, and mobile power sources capable of harvesting environmental energies. Researchers have made significant strides in implementing photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, piezoelectrics, and triboelectrics in 2D materials. This has resulted in significant advancements in wearable energy harvesting systems based on 2D materials. This review discusses the relationship between synthesis procedures, material structures/properties, and device performance in the context of 2D materials‐based wearable energy harvesting technologies. Finally, challenges and future research opportunities are identified and discussed based on current progress.
Enhanced Electrical Properties of Metal‐Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition‐Grown MoS2 Thin Films through Oxygen‐Assisted Defect Control
Authors: Hong Woonggi , Park Cheolmin , Shim Gi Woong , Yang Sang Yoon , Choi Sung‐Yool 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough the synthesis of MoS2 thin film with a large area and excellent uniformity has been achieved through advanced synthesis techniques, such as metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), intrinsic defects such as vacancies and grain boundaries which degrade electrical performance still inevitably result from the process. In this paper, a method for controlling intrinsic defects in MOCVD‐grown MoS2 thin film to achieve enhanced electrical performance is reported. After applying the defect‐control process, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy confirms that the MoS2 thin film maintains a hexagonal lattice structure without any destruction or distortion, indicating that this is a nondestructive method. In addition, the MoS2 thin film subjected to the defect‐control process exhibits enhanced n‐type characteristics in the photoluminescence and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. Field‐effect transistors using the defect‐controlled MoS2 as the channel also show enhanced electrical performance, arising from reductions in sheet and contact resistances of 21% and 46%, respectively. This improvement in the resistances leads to an increase in field‐effect mobility from 3.2 up to 11.8 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Cultural festival, climate change in different phenological phases, and lychee yield in China
Authors: Yan Fafa , Qi Wen'e , Chen Yuyou , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs one of the biggest agroproducts producers, China plays an important role in the global supply. Yet, climate change inevitably threatens their production and leads to tremendous losses. Furthermore, climatic and nonclimatic factors are likely to influence their producing behaviors and yields. Accordingly, this work aims to explore both the qualitative and quantitative nexus between climate change, nonclimatic drivers, and agroproduct yield in China. We choose lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), with world's largest production in China and one of the most demanding agroproduct for climatic conditions, as the subject. A two‐way fixed‐effect Poisson model with robust standard error is developed based on county‐level panel data in 39 main producing counties in China along with climatic and cultural festival factors from 2014 to 2019. The main conclusions are as follows: (a) the lychee culture festival, a nonclimatic driver, has negative effect on lychee yield, and this is a novel effect pathway theoretically and we verify it empirically; (b) climate changes in various phenological phases are significantly correlated to lychee yield; precipitation during the exposure phase or flowering phase has negative effect, and minimum temperature during the heading phase has positive effect, which is the first paper in this field; and (c) a new method is developed to analyze nonnegative yield and production, which could also be applied in other industries.
An approach on the migratory processes in the north of Chile based on Y chromosome analysis
Authors: Reyes‐Madrid Margarita , Flores‐Alvarado Sandra , Pezo‐Valderrama Patricio , Orellana‐Soto Michael , Apata Mario , Moraga Mauricio , de Saint Pierre Michelle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesNorthern Chile is an area characterized by a complex cultural and demographic trajectory. During the last few centuries, this complex trajectory has become the destination of intra‐ and intercontinental migratory waves. In this study, we analyzed the Y chromosome to evaluate how migratory and admixture patterns have affected the genetic composition of the populations in northern Chile compared with other populations of the country.MethodsA total of 311 people from urban (Antofagasta and Calama), rural (Azapa and Camarones), and Native (Aymara and Atacameño) populations from northern Chile were characterized by 26 SNPs and the STR DYS393 of the Y chromosome, along with 69 individuals from Native populations (Mapuche, Pehuenche, and Huilliche) from southern Chile. In addition to characterizing the paternal lineages, multivariate analyses were performed to compare with published data from other Chilean populations.ResultsBoth the Antofagasta and Calama populations show differences compared with the rest of the Chilean population. On one side, Antofagasta shows a high diversity of non‐Amerindian lineages, including the highest value for haplogroup I (12%) for all Chileans populations. Otherwise, Calama has the highest value of any Chilean urban population (31.9%) for Amerindian lineages, including the only Q‐M3 sub‐lineage detected in the entire sample. Regarding the Native population, Aymara presents the highest percentage of Q‐M3 (94.4%).ConclusionsThe Y chromosome haplogroup distribution allowed us to identify recent migratory processes typical of the northern populations studied. These have shaped the demographic and cultural dynamics of local and migrant groups in the territory.
Recent Advances in First‐Row Transition‐Metal‐Mediated C−H Halogenation of (Hetero)arenes and Alkanes
Authors: Paik Aniruddha , Paul Sabarni , Bhowmik Sabyasachi , Das Rahul , Naveen Togati , Rana Sujoy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ubiquity of carbon halogen bonds in the structural core of numerous biomolecules and pharmaceuticals along with their role as synthetic precursors in various organic reactions makes the organic halides a crucial class of organic compounds. Consequently, the synthesis of organic halides with high regioselectivity is of paramount importance in synthetic chemistry. In nature, selective halogenation is achieved by metalloenzymes with high efficiency involving high‐valent iron‐oxo as active species. The high selectivity of halogenating enzymes attracted considerable attention leading to the development of several biomimetic approaches for C−H halogenation. Moreover, the emergence of transition metal (TM) catalyzed site‐selective C−H halogenation protocols through the development of several directed strategies has also been impressive. There has been significant development in the first row TM catalyzed C−H halogenation reactions despite the dominance of late transition metals catalysts in this field. But in literature, there is no up‐to‐date recent review article that consolidates bio‐mimetic as well as synthetic strategies of C−H halogenation (X=Cl, Br, I) containing organo‐fluorination with all the first‐row transition metals. Thus, we got motivated and have focused to elucidate the recent developments of first row TM‐catalyzed C−H halogenation of (hetero)arenes and alkanes through bio‐mimetic approaches as well as directed and undirected strategies in this present review. Additionally, this review covers the recent progresses in the C−H fluorination methodologies. Altogether, the review will provide a combined overview of all the strategies of first‐row transition‐metal‐mediated C−H halogenation reactions that may benefit the scientific community towards the development of new methodologies in this field.
Synthesis of N‐Cbz Amides and Their Applications in the Transamidation Reactions at Room Temperature
Authors: Sureshbabu Popuri , Azeez Sadaf , Pattanaik Koyal , Sabiah Shahulhameed , Kandasamy Jeyakumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA wide range of aryl and alkyl N‐Cbz amides were prepared from secondary amides and benzyl chloroformate in the presence of LiHMDS. Application of N‐Cbz amides in transamidation was demonstrated with different amines at room temperature in the presence of DBU. The reactivity of N‐Cbz amides is comparable with N‐Boc and N‐Ts amides in transamidation and transesterification reactions. The optimized condition was well‐suited for the transesterification reactions with thiols and alcohols. Broad substrate scope and excellent yields are the merits of the developed methodology.
Topological Invariant of Velocity Field in Quantum Systems
Authors: Fan Annan , Liang Shi‐Dong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA velocity field approach is proposed to characterize the topological invariants of quantum states based on the Poincar–Hopf theorem. It is found that the zero modes of the velocity field flow play the roles of effective topological charges to dominate the topological invariants against the parameter deformation. The validity of this approach is demonstrated by using the quantum sphere and torus models. These results are consistent with the mathematical results of the vector fields in the manifolds of the sphere and torus, Euler characteristic for sphere and for torus. The non‐Hermitian quantum torus model and differences in the topological invariants obtained using the velocity field and Chern number methods are discussed. The topological invariant characterized by the velocity field is homeomorphic in the Brillouin zone and the subbase manifold of the SU(2)‐bundle of the system, whereas the Chern number characterizes a homotopic invariant that is associated with the exceptional points in the Brillouin zone. These results enrich the topological invariants of quantum states and provide novel insights into the topological invariants of quantum states.
Neural network‐based continuous finite‐time tracking control for uncertain robotic systems with actuator saturation
Authors: Li Yi , Sai Huayang , Zhu Mingchao , Xu Zhenbang , Mu Deqiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a neural network‐based continuous finite‐time tracking controller for the robust high‐precision control of robotic systems under model uncertainty, external disturbance, and actuator saturation. First, a fast nonsingular integral terminal sliding mode (FNITSM) surface is adopted to ensure singularity avoidance and fast finite‐time convergence. Considering the presence of model uncertainties and external disturbance, the fully adaptive radial basis function neural network (ARBFNN) is used to approximate and compensate for the unknown dynamic model. Then, a novel continuous fast fractional‐order power (CFFOP) approach law is explored to increase the convergence rate and eliminate chattering in the FNITSM control. Meanwhile, the approach law relaxes the requirement on the exact information of the upper bound of the disturbances and their time derivatives. Besides, an actuator saturation compensator (ASO) is proposed to compensate for the limited control input. The stability and finite‐time convergence of the proposed controller are analyzed using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, comparative simulations of both the numerical and application examples are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes, indicating that the CFFOP approach law and ASO can be used effectively for robotic systems.
Homography‐based uncalibrated visual servoing with neural‐network‐assisted robust filtering scheme and adaptive servo gain
Authors: Gu Jinlin , Wang Wenrui , Li Ang , Zhu Mingchao , Cao Lihua , Xu Zhenbang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a homography‐based uncalibrated visual servo system with neural‐network‐assisted robust filtering scheme and adaptive servo gain is presented. This system employs a homography‐based task function which is robust to image defects. A neural‐network‐assisted robust filtering method which combines the new form of smooth variable structure filter (SVSF) with a radial basis function (RBF) neural network is proposed to estimate the total Jacobian between task function and robot joints. The RBF neural network in this filtering method plays the role as a corrector to further improve the accuracy and compensate the interference caused by the measurement errors of image features. The controller that directly controls the robot joints based on the estimated total Jacobian is designed for achieving the robustness to robot parameters errors. By adopting this filtering scheme, the visual servo system shows better accuracy and convincing anti‐interference ability. In addition, a novel Q‐learning strategy is introduced for this homography‐based system to make adaptive adjustment for the servo gain. This adaptive gain enables the system to achieve a faster convergence speed while ensuring the accuracy. Several simulations and experiments have been carried out to verify the performance of the proposed system.
Synthetic role of miR‐200b‐3p, ABCD2 score, and carotid ultrasound in the prediction of cerebral infarction in patients with transient ischemic attack
Authors: Zheng Jiwei , Wang Zhirong , Li Na , Zhang Xiaomeng , Huo Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransient ischemic attack (TIA) is a major risk factor for the occurrence of cerebral infarction (CI). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the synthetic role of miR‐200b‐3p, ABCD2 score, and carotid ultrasound for CI onset in patients with TIA.MethodsExpression of miR‐200b‐3p was detected by reverse transcription quantitative PCR and carotid stenosis degree was evaluated using carotid ultrasound examination. Association of miR‐200b‐3p with ABCD2 scores and carotid stenosis degree was assessed using t‐test and chi‐square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to judge the ability of miR‐200b‐3p, ABCD2 score, and carotid ultrasound to predict the occurrence of CI. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of miR‐200b‐3p and the accuracy of miR‐200b‐3p, ABCD2 score, and carotid ultrasound in predicting CI development.ResultsExpression of serum miR‐200b‐3p was significantly increased in TIA patients compared with healthy controls, and had diagnostic value in TIA patients. Serum miR‐200b‐3p was significantly associated with dyslipidemia, ABCD2 score, and carotid stenosis degree in TIA patients. ABCD2 score, carotid stenosis degree, and serum miR‐200b‐3p were independently associated with CI onset, and the synthetic role of these three indicators had the best accuracy in the prediction of CI onset in TIA patients.ConclusionSerum miR‐200b‐3p expression was increased in TIA patients with considerable diagnostic value to screen TIA cases from healthy controls. Moreover, we speculated that the combination of miR‐200b‐3p, ABCD2 score, and carotid stenosis degree by ultrasound may propose as an efficient predictive strategy for the prediction of CI in TIA patients.
m6A‐mediated regulation of PBX1‐GCH1 axis promotes gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis by elevating tetrahydrobiopterin levels
Authors: Liu Yinan , Zhai Ertao , Chen Junting , Qian Yan , Zhao Risheng , Ma Yan , Liu Jianqiu , Huang Zhixin , Cai Shirong , Chen Jianhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMethyltransferase 3 (METTL3)‐mediated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification has been demonstrated to be a potential factor in promoting gastric cancer (GC). METTL3 regulates a series of signaling pathways by modifying various mRNAs. This study aimed to identify novel METTL3‐mediated signaling pathways and explored possible targets for use in the clinical setting of gastric cancer.MethodsTo investigate the proliferation and metastatic capacity of GC cell lines with METTL3 knockdown, a xenograft, lung metastasis, and popliteal lymph node metastasis model was used. The m6A‐modified RNA immunoprecipitation (Me‐RIP) sequence was utilized to explore the target mRNAs of METTL3. Cell counting kit 8 and transwell assays were performed to investigate the promoting function of pre‐B cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1). Western blotting and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to confirm the involvement of the METTL3‐PBX1‐GCH1 axis. ELISA and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry were used to explore the biological function of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).ResultsKnockdown of METTL3 suppressed xenograft tumor growth and lung/lymph node metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that METTL3 combined with and stabilized PBX1 mRNAs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and further experiments suggested that PBX1 acted as a transcription factor inducing GCH1 expression. Moreover, the METTL3‐PBX1‐GCH1 axis increased BH4 levels in GC cells, thereby promoting tumor progression.ConclusionsThis study suggested that METTL3 enzymes promote tumor growth and lung/lymph node metastasis via METTL3‐PBX1‐GCH1 axis increasing BH4 levels in GC.
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance, incidence, and tumor doubling times in patients cured of hepatitis C
Authors: Perumalswami Ponni V. , Wyatt Brooke , Bowman Chip A. , Patel Krupa , Mageras Anna , Lewis Sara C. , Branch Andrea D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and mortality vary by race/ethnicity and both are higher in Black patients than in Whites. For HCC surveillance, all cirrhotic patients are advised to undergo lifelong twice‐annual abdominal imaging. We investigated factors associated with surveillance and HCC incidence in a diverse HCC risk group, cirrhotic patients recently cured of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.MethodsIn this observational cohort study, all participants (n = 357) had advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis and were cured of HCV with antiviral treatment. None had Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) 2–5 lesions prior to HCV cure. Ultrasound, computed tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging were used for surveillance.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 40 months [interquartile range (IQR) = 28–48], the median percentage of time up‐to‐date with surveillance was 49% (IQR) = 30%–71%. The likelihood of receiving a first surveillance examination was not significantly associated with race/ethnicity, but was higher for patients with more advanced cirrhosis, for example, bilirubin [odds ratio (OR) = 3.8/mg/dL, p = 0.002], private insurance (OR = 3.4, p = 0.006), and women (OR = 2.3, p = 0.008). The likelihood of receiving two or three examinations was significantly lower for non‐Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics versus non‐Hispanic Whites (OR = 0.39, and OR = 0.40, respectively, p < 0.005 for both) and for patients with higher platelet counts (OR = 0.99/10,000 cells/µl, p = 0.01), but higher for patients with private insurance (OR = 2.8, p < 0.001). Incident HCC was associated with higher bilirubin (OR = 1.7, p = 0.02) and lower lymphocyte counts (OR = 0.16, p = 0.01).ConclusionsContrary to best practices, HCC surveillance was associated with sociodemographic factors (insurance status and race/ethnicity) among patients cured of HCV. Guideline‐concordant surveillance is needed to address healthcare disparities.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Taurine‐Derived Diarylmethane and Dibenzoxanthene Derivatives as Possible Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Smolobochkin Andrey V. , Gazizov Almir S. , Yakhshilikova Lola J. , Bekrenev Dmitrii D. , Burilov Alexander R. , Pudovik Michail A. , Lyubina Anna P. , Amerhanova Syumbelya K. , Voloshina Alexandra D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe series of novel taurine‐derived diarylmethanes and dibenzoxanthenes was synthesized starting from simple commercially available precursors via modular three‐stage approach. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity, as well as cytotoxicity towards normal and cancer cell lines. Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited 2–4‐fold higher activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis and B. cereus compared with Chloramphenicol. In contrast to Chloramphenicol, the tested compounds also showed bactericidal, rather than bacteriostatic effect, which makes them promising candidates for further studies.
Synthesis and Anti‐Oomycete Activity of Sulfonate Derivatives of Fenjuntong
Authors: Che Zhiping , Li Yuanhao , Guo Xiaolong , He Jiaxuan , Zhang Song , Zhu Lina , Liu Yibo , Wei Ruxue , Yang Yingjun , Huang Xiaobo , Liu Shengming , Chen Genqiang , Tian Yuee 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn order to discover highly active fungicides, sixteen novel sulfonate derivatives of Fenjuntong were synthesized by structural modification of 2′‐hydroxybutyrophenone, and their anti‐oomycete activity against Phytophthora capsici Leonian was determined in this study. Among all tested compounds, compound 3b displayed more significant anti‐oomycete activity than the precursor Fenjuntong against P. capsici, and the EC50 values of 3b and Fenjuntong were 84.50 and 517.25 mg/L, respectively. By comparing the anti‐oomycete activity of compounds 3a–p, I‐a–p, and II‐a–p, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Hydroxy group is well tolerated, and sulfonylation of hydroxy group enhances its anti‐oomycete activity. (2) The proper length of the ketone carbonyl chain is very important for their anti‐oomycete activity. (3) The presence of a site methoxy group in the structural skeleton is closely related to the anti‐oomycete activity. These important results will pave the way for further modification of Fenjuntong to develop potential new fungicides.
Linear IgA/IgG bullous dermatosis successfully treated with omalizumab: A case report
Authors: Haulrig Morten Bahrt , Nielsen Signe Ledou , Elberling Jesper , Skov Lone 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLinear IgA/IgG bullous dermatosis (LAGBD) is a rare, autoimmune blistering skin disease. We report a case of LAGBD in a 70‐year‐old woman. All common treatments were discontinued due to side effects or lack of treatment response. The patient was successfully treated with omalizumab which cleared her lesions after three months.
Effective intubation technique to manage the airway obstruction in A case of Pierre Robin sequence: A case report
Authors: Mehrpisheh Shahrokh , Farhadi Roya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe case was a 4‐day‐old boy referred to the hospital with a diagnosis of Pierre Robin Sequence and with airway Obstruction. Using a laryngoscope in the hyperextended position and putting pressure on the cricoid, the vocal cords were visualized, and with the help of an assistant, the intubation was performed.
A case report of a Cerebellopontine angle lipoma revealed by vertigo
Authors: Hadj Taieb Mohamed Amine , Maamri Kais , Elkahla Ghassen , Darmoul Mehdi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCerebellopontine angle (CPA) lipoma is an extremely rare lesion representing only 0.1% of all the CPA tumors. We present a case of a 56‐year‐old woman with a 6‐month history of vertigo. Cerebral MRI showed a left CPA lipoma. The patient was managed conservatively.
Lipiodol remnants misinterpreted as a metal device on postoperative abdominal X‐ray images
Authors: Kurimoto Chieko , Goto Shunji , Yamagishi Yoshikazu , Chiba Fumiko , Iwase Hirotaro , Kato Eiji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe experienced a case of pregnancy after hysterosalpingogram and residual lipiodol in the extraperitoneal space. Initially, we suspected a metallic remnant; however, analysis by mass spectrometer confirmed that it was a remnant of lipiodol.