bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naród i konflikt etniczny
Authors: Stankiewicz Wojciech 
Published: February 2022

Nation and Ethnic ConflictReview of: Małgorzata Budyta-Budzyńska, Socjologia narodu i konfliktów etnicznych [The Sociology of Nation and Ethnic Conflict], Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN 2010. Naród i konflikt etnicznyRecenzja: Małgorzata Budyta-Budzyńska, Socjologia narodu i konfliktów etnicznych, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN 2010.
Pamięć o wojnie, wojna o pamięć. Pamięć społeczna o wojnie w Algierii w relacjach pomiędzy Francją a imigrantami algierskimi
Authors: Kubera Jacek , Skoczylas Łukasz 
Published: February 2022

The Memory of War, the War of Memory: Social Memory of the War in Algeria in Relations Between France and the Algerian ImmigrantsThe year 2012 marks the 50th anniversary of the official end of the Algerian war. The memory of this conflict and other events in France which accompanied it is still alive in French society. After many years of oblivion and lack of interest from the highest authorities, this conflict once again becomes the subject of great controversy and heated debate. The disputes focus on the four groups: the French born in Algeria, the Algerians cooperating with the French troops during the war, the other Algerian immigrants and, finally, the former military personnel serving in Algeria. Each group has its own perspective of the events, whereas the politicians try to exploit the memory of the war in the ongoing disputes concerning the integration of the immigrants and the riots in the suburbs. All of this means that even after 50 years the issue of the Algerian war is still evoking new conflicts.
Jakość etniczności
Authors: Lenkiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: February 2022

The Quality of EthnicityReview of: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Etniczność sp. z o.o., trans. Wojciech Usakiewicz, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 2011. (Original work: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Ethnicity, Inc., Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press 2009.) Jakość etnicznościRecenzja: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Etniczność sp. z o.o., tłum. Wojciech Usakiewicz, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 2011. (Praca oryginalna: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Ethnicity, Inc., Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press 2009.)
The predictive significance of fluctuations in early maternal sensitivity for secure base script knowledge and relationship effectiveness in adulthood
Authors: Eller Jami , Magro Sophia W , Roisman Glenn I , Simpson Jeffry A 
Published: February 2022

Attachment theory suggests that both the quality and consistency of early sensitive care should shape an individual’s attachment working models and relationship outcomes across the lifespan. To date, most research has focused on the quality of early sensitive caregiving, finding that receiving higher quality care predicts more secure working models and better long-term relationship outcomes than receiving lower quality care. However, it remains unclear whether or how the consistency of early sensitive care impacts attachment working models and adult relationship functioning. In this research, we utilized data from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation to examine to what extent the quality (i.e., mean levels) and consistency (i.e., within-person fluctuations) in behaviorally coded maternal sensitive care assessed 7 times from 3 months to 13 years prospectively predicts secure base script knowledge and relationship effectiveness (i.e., interpersonal competence in close relationships) in adulthood. We found that larger fluctuations and lower mean levels of early maternal sensitivity jointly predict lower relationship effectiveness in adulthood via lower secure base script knowledge. These findings reveal that nonlinear models of early caregiving experiences more completely account for relationship outcomes across the lifespan, beyond what traditional linear models have documented. Implications for attachment theory and longitudinal methods are discussed.
Overactive bladder medication: Anticholinergics versus mirabegron by specialty
Authors: Sripad Abhishek A , Raker Christina A , Sung Vivian W 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to identify high prescribing specialties of overactive bladder (OAB) medications for Medicare Part D beneficiaries, and describe prescribing trends by specialty from 2013 to 2017. The secondary aim was to compare the proportion of medication claims by medication class in each specialty. Methods: We used the Medicare Part D Provider Public Use File to identify the four highest prescribing specialties from 2013 to 2017. We then compared patterns of OAB medication prescription for beneficiaries over 65 years of age between specialties. The number of medication claims, cost, and region were considered. OAB medications were classified as anticholinergic or mirabegron for additional comparison. The primary outcome was the number of OAB medication claims, and the secondary outcome was the proportion of mirabegron claims of all medication claims. Results: Primary care providers (PCPs), urology, obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYNs), and other specialties prescribed the most OAB medications. Total claims increased from 4.06 million in 2013 to 4.51 million in 2017. Mirabegron increased from 65,520 to 892,996 claims. PCPs prescribed the most OAB medications. Urologists had the highest proportion of mirabegron prescribing (19.6%), with an increased odds of mirabegron prescribing compared to OBGYNs (aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.16–1.19). Compared to OBGYNs, PCPs, and other specialties demonstrated decreased odds of prescribing mirabegron (aOR 0.92 with 95% CI 0.91–0.93, and aOR 0.90 with 95% CI 0.88–0.91, respectively). Conclusion: In Medicare Part D beneficiaries, PCPs prescribed the most OAB medications between 2013 and 2017. Urologists were most likely to prescribe mirabegron.
Predicting Impact of Prone Position on Oxygenation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Bell Jacob , William Pike C. , Kreisel Charles , Sonti Rajiv , Cobb Nathan 
Published: February 2022

Objectives Prone positioning is widely used in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19; however, the specific clinical scenario in which the individual is most poised to benefit is not fully established. In patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, how effective is prone positioning in improving oxygenation and can that response be predicted? Design This is a retrospective observational study from two tertiary care centers including consecutive patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19 from 3/1/2020 – 7/1/2021. The primary outcome is improvement in oxygenation as measured by PaO2/FiO2. We describe oxygenation before, during and after prone episodes with a focus on identifying patient, respiratory or ventilator variables that predict prone positioning success. Setting 2 Tertiary Care Academic Hospitals Patients 125 patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19 respiratory failure. Interventions Prone positioning Main Results One hundred twenty-five patients underwent prone positioning a total of 309 times for a median duration of 23 hours IQR (14 – 49). On average, PaO2/FiO2 improved 19%: from 115 mm Hg (80 – 148) immediately before proning to 137 mm Hg (95 – 197) immediately after returning to the supine position. Prone episodes were more successful if the pre-prone PaO2/FiO2 was lower and if the patient was on inhaled epoprostenol (iEpo). For individuals with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (PaO2/FiO2 < 100 prior to prone positioning) and on iEpo, the median improvement in PaO2/FiO2 was 27% in both instances. Conclusions Prone positioning in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 is generally associated with sustained improvements in oxygenation, which is made more likely by the concomitant use of iEpo and is more impactful in those who are more severely hypoxemic prior to prone positioning.
Effect of de-sizing on the structural and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites molded by the novel direct fiber feeding injection molding technology
Authors: Ahmed Khalil , Qin Xiaohong , Pang You , Shao Yuanyi , Islam Syed R , Yang Yuqiu , Hamada Hiroyuki , Yu Lichao 
Published: February 2022

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are rapidly emerging as alternative materials for auto parts due to recyclability, excellent stiffness, and strength to weight ratio. In the present study, the influence of carbon fiber de-sizing on the structural and mechanical properties of the sized and de-sized Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene (CFPP) composites molded by the recently developed novel Direct Fiber Feeding Injection Molding technology was studied. The effect of carbon fiber de-sizing on the structural properties was studied from the fiber dispersion status, fiber orientation factor, fiber volume fraction, and the fiber length. The surface morphology of the sized and de-sized carbon fibers was studied from the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope images. The static mechanical properties were studied based on the tensile tests at different loading rate and temperature. The Dynamic Mechanical Analysis tests were conducted to analyze the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of the sized and de-sized CFPP composites. The SEM images were used to observe the failure mechanism. The preliminary results indicated that de-sized composites had better fiber dispersion as compared to the sized CFPP composites. It was found that de-sizing the carbon fiber surface does not significantly affect the carbon fiber length, fiber volume fraction, and fiber orientation in the CFPP composites. Also, the de-sized composites showed better static and thermodynamic mechanical properties caused by the enhanced fiber matrix interaction in CFPP composites as compared to the sized CFPP composites. [Formula: see text]
Serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Quimby Jessica M , Lorbach Sarah K , Saffire Ashlie , Kennedy Amanda , Wittenburg Luke A , Aarnes Turi K , Creighton Karina J , Jones Sarah E , Paschall Rene E , King Emily M , Bruner Clara E , Wallinger Jessica N , van Haaften Karen A 
Published: February 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) vs clinically healthy cats. Methods Five healthy cats were enrolled in a pharmacokinetic study. A single 20 mg/kg dose of gabapentin was administered orally and blood was obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 h via a jugular catheter. Serum gabapentin concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed. The same five healthy cats plus 25 cats with stable International Renal Interest Society stage 2 (n = 14) and 3 (n = 11) CKD were enrolled in a limited sampling study. Cats in both groups received a single 10 mg/kg dose of gabapentin, and serum gabapentin concentrations and compliance scores were obtained 3 and 8 h post-administration. Results Cats with CKD had significantly higher dose-normalized serum gabapentin concentrations than normal cats at 3 h ( P = 0.0012 CKD vs normal 10 mg/kg; P = 0.008 CKD vs normal 20 mg/kg) and 8 h ( P <0.0001 CKD vs normal 10 mg/kg; P <0.0001 CKD vs normal 20 mg/kg). Both 3 and 8 h dose-normalized serum gabapentin concentrations were significantly correlated with serum creatinine (3 h: P = 0.03, r = 0.39; 8 h: P = 0.001, r = 0.57) and symmetric dimethylarginine (3 h: P = 0.03, r = 0.41; 8 h: P = 0.007, r = 0.48). There was a significant correlation between 3 h serum gabapentin concentrations and compliance scores ( P = 0.0002, r = 0.68). Conclusions and relevance Cats with CKD that received 10 mg/kg of gabapentin had significantly higher dose-normalized serum concentrations than normal cats that received 20 mg/kg, supporting the need to dose-reduce in this patient population.
Functional Roles and Targets of COVID-19 in Blood Cells Determined Using Bioinformatics Analyses
Authors: Sohn Eun Jung 
Published: February 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global epidemic with a high mortality rate. In this study, our goal was to identify the function and associated targets of SARS-CoV-2 from circulating monocytes in the blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) dataset of patients with COVID-19. Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE164805 and GSE180594) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed using the DAVID database. Results: Gene ontology analysis of DEG revealed that GSE164805 and GSE180594 were involved in the regulation of cell migration, upregulation of cell proliferation, and in the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of GSE164805 revealed that the DEGs were enriched in peroxisome, melanogenesis, and actin regulation. Peroxisome genes were highly expressed in patients with mild and severe COVID-19. Bioinformatics analysis to compare GSE180594 and public data for the single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with COVID-19 showed that interferon-associated genes were highly increased in acute COVID-19 PBMC and in CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes from patients with COVID-19. Conclusions: We comprehensively analyzed the blood cell gene expression profile data of patients with COVID-19 using bioinformatics methods to preliminary understand the functions and associated targets of DEGs in the blood cells of these patients. Thus, our data provide targets for potential therapies against COVID-19.
Music therapy for adolescents with psychiatric disorders: An overview
Authors: Freitas Carina , Fernández-Company José Fernando , Pita Marisela Figueira , García-Rodríguez María 
Published: February 2022

Background Although it is true that adolescence is a stage of evolutionary development in which there are innumerable windows of opportunity, it is also the peak age at which some psychiatric disorders may appear. On the other hand, music is an auditory stimulus that interests and motivates youngsters, as it is used for identity, social connection, and emotional regulation. Methods We conducted a strategic search by consulting scientific databases. The following search terms were employed: Music Therapy AND Psychology AND Psychiatry AND Adolescents. The following international electronic databases were searched: Medline, Ovid, and Cochrane Library. Results A total of 142 sources were identified from which 9 papers on music therapy published exclusively in scientific journals specialized in psychology or child psychiatry were selected. The total number of participants was 651. The studies reported that music therapy interventions have the potential to improve self-esteem, social engagement, decrease social isolation, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in psychiatric adolescents (both in inpatient and outpatient settings). Conclusion Given the heterogeneity and methodological quality of the few studies included, it is complex to extrapolate and generalize results. More quality research is needed to expand music therapy interventions on youth mental health.
Multi-perspective process mining for emergency process
Authors: Erdogan Tugba Gurgen , Tarhan Ayca Kolukisa 
Published: February 2022

Background Multi-perspective process mining is an analytical approach that uses data to gain objective insights and uncover hidden problems in business processes from multiple perspectives. Objective In this paper, we apply multi-perspective process mining techniques in the emergency process through a goal-driven performance evaluation method in order to understand and diagnose the timeliness of the emergency process. Methods Unstructured and multi-disciplinary emergency data is analyzed by following Goal-Question-Feature-Indicator (GQFI) method. In this paper, the GQFI method is extended with perspectives, and the insights in the enriched event data are examined by a decision tree model. All of them are applied in a systematic way in relation to the goal of assessing and improving the emergency process in a university hospital. Results We detected the deviations (e.g., skipping the triage and consultation request steps) and two bottlenecks in the emergency process. Among the suggestions for improving the process, are performing defensive medicine in a harmless manner, classification of the emergency services, ensuring triage step is applied to all patients and effective usage of the call system application in consultation activities. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that goal-oriented multi-perspective process mining is effective in identifying process improvements in emergency services.
Upper Extremity Infection Related to Intravenous Drug Use: Considering the True Cost of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown
Authors: Sardiwalla Yaeesh , Nachmani Omri , Price Emma , Huynh Minh , Coroneos Christopher , McRae Matthew 
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant morbidity and mortality in people who inject drugs (PWID). Upper extremity soft tissue infections are frequently associated with intravenous drug use (IVDU) due to poor compliance with aseptic technique. In Canada, multiple safe injection sites providing clean injection supplies closed, leaving many PWID with no alternatives to inject safely. It was hypothesized that these closures will correspond with increased morbidity and mortality among PWID. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of upper extremity infections in PWID. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review study. The primary outcome of interest was the frequency of upper extremity infections in PWID. Data were filtered to include only those patients presenting to the emergency department between March to June of 2019 and 2020. Chi-squared analysis was used to compare the number of IVDU patients among patients with upper extremity skin infections between these time periods. Results: The number of IVDU patients treated for upper extremity infections in Hamilton significantly increased during the pandemic, relative risk = 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-2.9, P = .0012,) while total upper extremity infections numbers have decreased overall. During the pandemic, PWID made up a larger proportion of upper extremity infections ( χ2 = 10.444, P = .00123). Demographic data such as age and sex of IVDU patients presenting with upper extremity infection was not significantly affected by the pandemic. Conclusions: The effect of the pandemic on accessing harm reduction services has led to evident increases in morbidity as described by this study. Further research on the impact of closures in PWID is needed to quantify these harms and work toward mitigation strategies.
Systematic Review of Laryngeal Fractures and Trends in Operative Management
Authors: Moroco Annie E. , Patel Vijay A. , Saadi Robert A. , Gniady John P. , Lighthall Jessyka G. 
Published: February 2022

Study Design Systematic review of the literature. Objective The goal of this study is to review the current literature on the trends in management of laryngeal fractures following trauma. Methods Independent searches of the PubMed and MEDLINE databases were performed. Articles from the period of 1963 to 2020 were collected. All studies which described laryngeal fractures using the Boolean method and relevant search term combinations, including “Laryngeal”, “Fracture”, “Operative”, and “Management” were collected. Results A total of 588 relevant unique articles were identified for analysis. Of these, 24 articles were deemed appropriate for inclusion in the literature review. Due to variability in study design and outcome measures, formal synthesis of data in the form of a meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusions Laryngeal fractures are rare traumatic injuries that require early identification and evaluation with complex management options. This comprehensive review aims to highlight the breadth of the topic with regard to presentation and clinical management. Though there remains no clear best practice for laryngeal fracture management, we review trends in clinical practice throughout the literature.
Crenotherapy as a Complementary and Integrative Treatment for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Discussion of Current Evidence Limitations
Authors: Nimmagadda Sai V. , Schmale Isaac L. , Man Li-Xing 
Published: February 2022

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common condition that affects patients’ quality of life. Standard treatments for CRS have known side effects and variable efficacy rates. Thus, complementary and integrative (CIM) treatments for CRS such as crenotherapy, which utilizes high mineral content water or vapor as an inhalation therapy, are of continued interest. Objectives To summarize and evaluate the current research investigating crenotherapy's therapeutic potential and clinical outcomes for the treatment of CRS. Study Design Systematic review and qualitative analysis. Methods A systematic review was performed, with a comprehensive search strategy applied to 6 databases from inception to March 2021: CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies with at least 10 patients, which investigated crenotherapy as the sole or adjunctive treatment for CRS in humans were included. Results In total, 10 articles out of 756 were included. Of these, 6 were randomized controlled trials. The remaining four articles were non-randomized prospective cohort studies. Six studies assessed clinical symptoms in response to crenotherapy, and there were unanimous improvements in Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20), and other quality of life metrics. The studies that assessed inflammatory markers, cytology, or other measures showed significant improvement in neutrophil count, spores, ciliary motility, IgE, and manometry. Minimal to no adverse events were reported across all 10 studies. Conclusion There is limited data to support crenotherapy's effectiveness in treating patients with CRS. However, published studies suggest that for certain patients crenotherapy can both improve CRS symptoms and objective measures of nasociliary function with minimal side effects. Findings must be interpreted with caution due to study heterogeneity, inconsistent use of standard CRS definitions and outcomes measures, as well as other study design flaws. Given these results, as well as a growing interest in CIM, crenotherapy treatments for CRS deserve further investigation.