bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of acute kidney injury associated with anti-pseudomonal and anti-MRSA antibiotic strategies in critically ill patients
Authors: Côté Jean-Maxime , Desjardins Michaël , Cailhier Jean-François , Murray Patrick T. , Beaubien Souligny William 
Published: March 2022

Background
An increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) with the widely prescribed piperacillin-tazobactam(PTZ)-vancomycin combination in hospitalized patients has recently been reported, but evidence in ICU patients remain uncertain. This study evaluates the association between the exposure of various broad-spectrum antibiotic regimens with Pseudomonas and/or methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) coverage and the risk of AKI in critically ill patients.

Methods and findings
A retrospective cohort study based on the publicly available MIMIC-III database reporting hospitalization data from ICU patients from a large academic medical center between 2001 and 2012. Adult patients receiving an anti-pseudomonal or an anti-MRSA agent in the ICU for more than 24-hours were included. Non-PTZ anti-pseudomonal agents were compared to PTZ; non-vancomycin agents covering MRSA were compared to vancomycin; and their combinations were compared to the PTZ-vancomycin combination. The primary outcome was defined as new or worsening AKI within 7 days of the antibiotic exposure using an adjusted binomial generalized estimating equation. Overall, 18 510 admissions from 15 673 individual patients, cumulating 169 966 days of antibiotherapy were included. When compared to PTZ, exposure to another anti-pseudomonal agent was associated with lower AKI risk (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80–0.91; p < .001). When compared to vancomycin, exposure to another anti-MRSA was also associated with lower AKI risk (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.64–0.80; p < .001). Finally, when compared to the PTZ-vancomycin combination, exposure to another regimen with a similar coverage was associated with an even lower risk (OR, 0.63; 95% CI; 0.54–0.73; p < .001). A sensitivity analysis of patients with high illness severity showed similar results.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the risk of AKI in ICU patients requiring antibiotherapy may be partially mitigated by the choice of antibiotics administered. Further clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.
Predictors of tuberculosis incidence and the effects of multiple deprivation indices on tuberculosis management in OR Tambo district over a 5-year period
Authors: Dlatu Ntandazo , Longo-Mbenza Benjamin , Apalata Teke 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThis study investigated the associations between socio-economic deprivation and tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes, alongside well-known TB risk factors. The effects of healthcare expenditures and their growth on trends in TB incidence from 2009 to 2013 were also assessed.MethodsSecondary data analysis was performed on data obtained from various sources including governmental, non-governmental and research institutions. Indicators for TB treatment outcomes included TB death rate, TB rate among the household contacts of the Index TB cases, TB treatment failure, HIV associated TB death rate, TB defaulter rate, and new TB smear positive cases. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Turkey’s tests for post-hoc analysis were used to compare means of variables of interest considering a type I error rate of 0.05. Regression models and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) were used to explore the associations between trends in TB incidence and independent TB predictors. During CDA, Fischer’s linear functions, Eigen values, and Mahalanobis distances were determined with values of Wilk’s Lambda closer to zero being the evidence for well discriminated patient groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS® statistical software version 23.0 (Chicago, IL).ResultsIn total, 62 400 records of TB notification were analyzed for the period 2009–2013. The average TB incidence rate over a 5-year period was 298 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The incidence of TB was reduced by 79.70% at the end of the evaluation as compared to the baseline data in 2009. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Expenditure per patient day equivalent (PDE) and PHC expenditure per capita were significantly and independently associated with the decline of TB incidence (adjusted R2= 60%; ρ = 0.002) following the equation:Y = (- 209× Expenditure per PDE) + (- 0.191 × PHC expenditure per capita). CDA showed that in the most socio-economically deprived communities (quintile 1), HIV associated TB death rates were significantly more likely to be higher as compared to the least socio-economically deprived group (quintile 5) [Eigen value (12.95), function coefficient (1.49) > (.77); Wilk’s Lambda = .019, p < .0001].ConclusionsAlthough TB control programs in OR Tambo district have averted thousands of TB incident cases, their effects on HIV associated TB deaths among the most deprived communities remain insignificant. There is an urgent need for strengthening integration of TB/HIV services in most deprived settings.
Predicting mechanical ventilation effects on six human tissue transcriptomes
Authors: Somekh Judith , Lotan Nir , Sussman Ehud , Yehuda Gur Arye 
Published: March 2022

Background
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a lifesaving therapy used for patients with respiratory failure. Nevertheless, MV is associated with numerous complications and increased mortality. The aim of this study is to define the effects of MV on gene expression of direct and peripheral human tissues.

Methods
Classification models were applied to Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) gene expression data of six representative tissues–liver, adipose, skin, nerve-tibial, muscle and lung, for performance comparison and feature analysis. We utilized 18 prediction models using the Random Forest (RF), XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) decision tree and ANN (Artificial Neural Network) methods to classify ventilation and non-ventilation samples and to compare their prediction performance for the six tissues. In the model comparison, the AUC (area under receiver operating curve), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were used to evaluate the predictive performance of each model. We then conducted feature analysis per each tissue to detect MV marker genes followed by pathway enrichment analysis for these genes.

Results
XGBoost outperformed the other methods and predicted samples had undergone MV with an average accuracy for the six tissues of 0.951 and average AUC of 0.945. The feature analysis detected a combination of MV marker genes per each tested tissue, some common across several tissues. MV marker genes were mainly related to inflammation and fibrosis as well as cell development and movement regulation. The MV marker genes were significantly enriched in inflammatory and viral pathways.

Conclusion
The XGBoost method demonstrated clear enhanced performance and feature analysis compared to the other models. XGBoost was helpful in detecting the tissue-specific marker genes for identifying transcriptomic changes related to MV. Our results show that MV is associated with reduced development and movement in the tissues and higher inflammation and injury not only in direct tissues such as the lungs but also in peripheral tissues and thus should be carefully considered before being implemented.
Risk factors for complicated grief among family members bereaved in intensive care unit settings: A systematic review
Authors: Sanderson Emma A. M. , Humphreys Sally , Walker Fiona , Harris Daniel , Carduff Emma , McPeake Joanne , Boyd Kirsty , Pattison Natalie , Lone Nazir I. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Families of intensive care unit (ICU) decedents are at increased risk of experiencing complicated grief. However, factors associated with complicated grief in ICU and bereavement needs assessment are not available routinely. We aimed to conduct a systematic review identifying risk factors associated with complicated grief among family members of ICU decedents.

Materials and methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant articles. Observational studies and randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were included. Studies were screened and quality appraised in duplicate. Risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.

Results
Seven studies conducted across three continents were eligible. Four studies were of high quality. 61 risk factors were investigated across the studies. Factors associated with a decreased risk of complicated grief included age, patient declining treatment and involvement in decision-making. Factors associated with increased risk included living alone, partner, dying while intubated, problematic communication, and not having the opportunity to say goodbye.

Conclusion
This systematic review has identified risk factors which may help identify family members at increased risk of complicated grief. Many of the studies has small sample sizes increasing the risk of erroneously reporting no effect due to type II error. Some factors are specific to the ICU setting and are potentially modifiable. Bereavement services tailored to the needs of bereaved family members in ICU settings are required. (PROSPERO registration ID 209503)
High maternal BMI and low maternal blood BDNF may determine the limit of detection of amniotic fluid BDNF throughout gestation: Analysis of mother-fetus trios and literature review
Authors: Flöck Anne , Odainic Alexandru , Dolscheid-Pommerich Ramona , Jaskolski Michael Robert , Diedrich Anna Katharina , Puth Marie Therese , Schmidt Susanne , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Strizek Brigitte , Gembruch Ulrich , Merz Waltraut Maria 
Published: March 2022

Objective
An increasing number of studies show the importance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) acting at the feto-placental interface, however, only a few studies describe BDNF levels in amniotic fluid (AF).

Methods
In this cross-sectional, prospective study, 109 maternal blood-amniotic fluid pairs (including 66 maternal blood-fetal-blood-amniotic fluid trios) were analyzed. BDNF concentrations were measured with a commercially available immunoassay.

Results
In 71 AF from 109 samples, AF-BDNF concentrations were below the lowest limit of Quantitation (LLoQ) of 1.19 pg/ml (group A), leaving 38 samples with measurable BDNF concentrations (group B). Patients in group A showed significantly higher maternal BMI before pregnancy (mean±SD 26.3± 6.7 (kg/m2) vs. 23.8 ±4.5 (kg/m2) p = 0.04) and lower maternal blood BDNF concentrations than the other group (mean±SD 510.6 ± 554.7 pg/ml vs. mean±SD 910.1± 690.1 pg/ml; p<0.0001). Spearman correlation showed a negative correlation between maternal BMI before pregnancy and maternal BDNF concentrations (r = -0.25, p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Our study is the first to correlate AF-BDNF samples with the corresponding maternal and fetal blood-BDNF samples. The significant negative correlation between maternal BMI before pregnancy and maternal BDNF and AF-BDNF concentrations below the limit of detection has to be evaluated in further studies.
Barriers to physical assessment skills in nurses and nursing students: a comparative-descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Gülnar Emel , Bıyık Bayram Şüle , Özveren Hüsna 
Published: March 2022

Research Problem/Aim: Physical assessment is an integral part of nursing interventions and an important learning outcome of nurse training programs. This paper investigated impediments preventing nurses and nursing students from putting physical assessment skills into practice.
Method: This was a comparative-descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 118 nurses and 95 nursing students. Data were gathered using a Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, a Physical Assessment Knowledge and Practice Questionnaire, and the Barriers to Nurses’ Use of Physical Assessment Scale.
Findings: Nurses and students had a mean age of 30.53±7.14 and 21.80 ±0.77, respectively. Most nurses (82.3%) and students (95.8%) stated that they used physical assessment skills in clinical settings. Nurses had a mean Barriers to Nurses’ Use of Physical Assessment Scale “lack of time and interruptions,” “lack of influence on patient care,” subscale score of 3.30±0.69, 3.77±0.79, respectively. Students had a mean the Barriers to Nurses’ Use of Physical Assessment Scale “lack of time and interruptions” and “lack of influence on patient care,” subscale score of 3.36±0.65, and 3.96±0.75, respectively. Students had a higher mean Barriers to Nurses’ Use of Physical Assessment Scale “ward culture” subscale score than nurses (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Students had a significantly higher Barriers to Nurses' Use of Physical Assessment Scale "ward culture" subscale score than nurses. The barriers preventing participants from using physical assessment skills mainly were the “lack of influence on patient care," "lack of time and interruptions," and "specialty area." Educators should encourage nursing students to develop physical assessment skills and put them into practice in laboratories. Hospital administrators should provide nurses with in-service training to execute their physical assessment skills in real-life clinical settings.
Pemetaan Luasan Hutan Mangrove Dengan Menggunakan Citra Satelit Di Pulau Mapur, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Putra Risandi Dwirama , Napitupulu Herlanto Sihar , Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Suhana Mario Putra , Ritonga Abdul Rahman , Sari Tengku Ersti Yulika 
Published: March 2022

Mapping can be used as an alternative solution to find out the distribution map of the mangrove ecosystem by utilizing remote sensing technology and can provide value to the mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to map the distribution of mangrove ecosystems on Mapur Island. Sentinel-2b image is one of the satellite imageries had performance used to analyze the distribution of mangrove ecosystems. The mapping of the distribution of mangroves on Mapur Island shows that the mangrove ecosystem is distributed from the east to the northwest of Mapur Island. The northern part of Mapur Island has a sandy substrate classification that does not allow the growth of mangroves in the area. The distribution of mangrove classification results using Sentinel Citra-2b has a high pixel value classified of 88%, the comparison the accuracy of in situ data classification of 80%. The largest mangrove density is on Mapur Island, with a value of density of 156,729 ha. Pemetaan dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi alternatif untuk mengetahui peta sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove dengan memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh dan dapat memberikan nilai luasan ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan pemetaan sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Mapur. Citra Sentinel-2b merupakan salah satu citra yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove. Hasil dari pemetaan sebaran mangrove di Pulau Mapur dapat dilihat bahwa ekosistem mangrove tersebar di bagian timur hingga barat laut Pulau Mapur. Bagian utara Pulau Mapur mempunyai tipe substrat yang berpasir sehingga tidak memungkinkan tumbuhan mangrove dapat tumbuh di daerah tersebut. Sebaran mangrove hasil klasifikasi dengan menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2b memiliki nilai piksel terklasifikasi hamper sempurna adalah 88%, sedangkan akurasi klasifikasi terhadap lapangan 80%. Kerapatan mangrove di Pulau Mapur yang paling luas dengan tingkat kerapatan padat dengan luas 156.729 ha.
Penilaian Pencemaran Logam Berat Cd, Pb, Cu, dan Zn pada Sedimen Permukaan Perairan Matras, Sungailiat, Bangka
Authors: Nugraha Mohammad Agung , Pamungkas Aditya , Syari Indra Ambalika , Sari Suci Puspita , Umroh Umroh , Hudatwi Mu’alimah , Utami Eva , Akhrianti Irma , Priyambada Agung 
Published: March 2022

Matras waters receive input of pollutants from tin mining activities. Heavy metals are toxic and carcinogenic to aquatic biota. Sediment is a carrier of heavy metal pollutants and can act as a “sink” and a “source”. Heavy metals in sediments can reflect the condition/quality of the aquatic system. The purpose of this study was to examine the contamination and ecological risk of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the sediments of Matras waters, Sungailiat, Bangka Regency. Heavy metal test using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The concentrations of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn obtained ranged from 0.02-0.06 mg/kg (average 0.04 mg/kg), 0.12-0.18 mg/kg (mean- average 0.15 mg/kg), each station 0.01 mg/kg (mean 0.01 mg/kg), and 0.54-1.34 mg/kg (mean 0.92 mg/kg ). CF, I-Geo, PLI, and RI values for Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn metals obtained in Matras water sediments showed low contamination levels (CF<1), not polluted (Igeo 0), not polluted (PLI < 1), and low ecological risk (RI < 150). The EF value obtained indicates the heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the Matras waters mainly receiving input from anthropogenic sources (EF value> 1.5). The low ecological risk status which is reinforced by the low values of CF, I-Geo, and PLI indicates that the negative potential of metals to biota is also low. Perairan Matras menerima masukan bahan pencemar dari aktivitas penambangan timah. Logam berat bersifat toksik dan karsinogenik terhadap biota akuatik. Sedimen merupakan pembawa polutan logam berat dan dapat berperan sebagai “sink” and “source”. Logam berat pada sedimen dapat merefleksikan kondisi/ kualitas sistem akuatik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kontaminasi dan resiko ekologi logam berat Cd, Pb, Cu, dan Zn pada sedimen Perairan Matras, Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka. Uji logam berat menggunakan metode spektrofotometer serapan atom (SSA). Konsentrasi logam berat Cd, Pb, Cu, dan Zn yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0,02-0,06 mg/kg (rata-rata 0,04 mg/kg), 0,12-0,18 mg/kg (rata-rata 0,15 mg/kg), setiap stasiun 0,01 mg/kg (rata-rata 0,01 mg/kg), dan 0,54-1,34 mg/kg (rata-rata 0,92 mg/kg). Nilai CF, I-Geo, PLI, dan RI untuk logam Cd, Pb, Cu, dan Zn yang diperoleh pada sedimen Perairan Matras menunjukkan tingkat kontaminasi rendah (CF<1), tidak tercemar (Igeo 0), tidak tercemar (PLI <1), dan resiko ekologi rendah (RI < 150). Nilai EF yang diperoleh mengindikasikan logam berat Cd, Pb, Cu, dan Zn perairan Matras utamanya mendapat masukan dari sumber antropogenik (nilai EF>1,5). Rendahnya status resiko ekologi yang diperkuat dengan rendahnya nilai CF, I-Geo, dan PLI menunjukkan potensi negatif logam terhadap biota juga rendah.
Kontaminasi Mikroplastik pada Perna viridis di Teluk Lampung
Authors: Rahim Zakiyah , Zamani Neviaty Putri , Ismet Meutia Samira 
Published: March 2022

Fisheries activity in Lampung Bay which has been very active in recent years is the cultivation of green mussels (P. viridis) for consumption. Located in Teluk Betung Timur sub-district, this is considered appropriate because of the environmental parameters that support the life of P. viridis. The location of P. viridis cultivation is not far from coastal settlements (±500-600 m from settlements). Anthropogenic activities of coastal residents as well as the use of plastic materials in the cultivation are concerned to be the source of microplastic contamination that found in P. viridis. This study aims to determine the presence and characteristics of microplastics in P. viridis as well as to compare the abundance of microplastics in the gills and digestive organs. Taking 30 P. viridis by purposive sampling with homogeneous size. The samples were analyzed by microplastics in chemical oceanography and biology micro Laboratory, FPIK, IPB University. P. viridis tissue was destructed by using 10% KOH solution at a ratio of 1:3 (m/v) at 60 °C for 24 hours and then filtered using a 1.6 µm Whatman GF/A filter paper. Abundance of microplastics in whole soft tissue were 0.53±0.7 mgl/g. The gill organs were found to be more microplastic than the digestive organs (p<0.05). The fragments microplastic is most commonly found in intact tissues and digestive organs, while fiber is mostly found in the gills of P. viridis. Blue color and size <100 µm were most commonly found in intact tissues, gills and digestive organs of P. viridis. Kegiatan perikanan di Teluk Lampung yang sangat aktif dalam beberapa tahun ini yaitu kultivasi kerang hijau (P. viridis) konsumsi. Berlokasi di kecamatan Teluk Betung Timur, hal ini dinilai tepat karena parameter lingkungan yang menunjang kehidupan P. viridis. Lokasi pembesaran P. viridis tidak jauh dari pemukiman penduduk pesisir (±500-600 m dari pemukiman). Kegiatan antropogenik penduduk pesisir juga penggunaan material plastik pada sistem pembesaran dikhawatirkan dapat menjadi sumber cemaran mikroplastik yang terdapat pada P. viridis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan dan karakteristik mikroplastik pada P. viridis juga membandingkan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada insang dan organ pencernaan. Pengambilan 30 P. viridis secara purposive sampling dengan ukuran homogen. Analisis mikroplastik dilakukan di laboratorium oseanografi kimia dan biologi mikro, FPIK, Universitas Pertanian Bogor. Destruksi jaringan P. viridis dengan menggunakan larutan KOH 10% perbandingan 1:3 (m/v) pada suhu 60 °C selama 24 jam lalu difiltrasi menggunakan filter paper whatman GF/A 1,6 µm. Mikroplastik tubuh kerang utuh yaitu 0,53±0,7 mgl/g. Organ insang lebih banyak ditemukan mikroplastik dibandingkan organ pencernaan (p<0,05). Bentuk fragmen paling banyak ditemukan di jaringan utuh dan organ pencernaan, sedangkan fiber banyak ditemukan di insang P. viridis. Warna biru dan ukuran <100 µm paling banyak ditemukan di jaringan utuh, insang maupun organ pencernaan P. viridis.
Ekplorasi Bakteri dari Air Laut yang Resisten Terhadap Pestisida Organofospat Khlorpirifos di Perairan Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah
Authors: Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Indarjo Agus , Rochaddi Baskoro , Setyati Wilis Ari 
Published: March 2022

Chlorpyrifos from agricultural activities eventually will flow to marine waters through rivers. This research was conducted to determine the resistance of bacteria from seawater of 100ppm Chlorpyrifos. Three of the five bacterial strains was isolated from seawater from Brebes and Pati, Central Java were selected because they were resistant to the pesticide chlorpyrifos. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates belonged to the genus Virgibacillus spp. (2 strains) and Bacillus sp (1 strains). This bacterial strain has great potential ability to bioremediation of coastal waters of Brebes and Pati, Central Java from chlorpyrifos pesticide residues. Khlorpifos dari hasil kegiatan pertanian lama kelamaan akan menuju ke perairan laut melalui aliran sungai. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui resistensi baktrei dari air laut yang tahan terhadap 100ppm Khlorpirifos. Tiga dari lima strain bakteri yang diisolasi dari air laut dari Brebes dan Pati Jawa Tengah dipilih karena resisten terhadap pestisida khlorpirifos. Analisis sekuens gen 16S rRNA menunjukkan bahwa isolat termasuk dalam genus Virgibacillus sp. (2 strain) dan Bacillus sp (1 strain). Strain bakteri ini memiliki potensi penggunaan yang besar untuk bioremediasi perairan pesisir Brebes dan Pati Jawa Tengah dari residu pestisida klorpirifos.
Systematic mitigation of gain scheduling induced windup phenomena
Authors: Kefferpütz Klaus , Bartenschlager Benedikt , Auenmüller Christoph , Seitz Sebastian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the systematic design of gain scheduling controllers for nonlinear systems. We discuss control signal blending induced windup phenomena and employ an extended Model-Recovery Anti-Windup (MRAW) scheme to mitigate them. Combining control signal blending with MRAW allows to build gain scheduling controllers without imposing the common slow variation assumption regarding the scheduling vectors. In addition, the approach offers a higher flexibility in the choice of the sub-controllers compared to classical approaches and convex optimization allows for a very efficient design of the anti-windup networks.