bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges, Successes and Lessons Learned in Implementing Hyflex Course Module during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Panta Yogendra M 
Published: May 2022

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has brought challenges in many areas of our everyday lives including in exploring novel ways for teaching and learning to occur in higher education. As the pandemic has been affecting the way of our lives, educators, universities, and students have been facing new challenges to keep up a sound teaching and learning environment. The challenges we faced during this difficult time made us explore teaching modules to keep an active learning environment thriving in the classroom.
In this pandemic era, educators and universities are constantly testing the efficacy of various teaching modules and formats including Synchronous/Asynchronous online, Hybrid, and Hyflex tools. A hybrid flexible, or HyFlex course design offers a plethora of options including attending classes and learning/practicing course materials on campus or, via online, or a combination of both, based on your preference including a blend of synchronous (real-time) and asynchronous (on your own time) online elements. Various teaching modules including the Hyflex module and its components were successfully implemented to keep engaging students in the classroom. During the last two years’ annual meetings, we shared our experiences on “Active Learning,” “Demonstration-based Learning,” “Embedding Career Guidance,” and “Developing Career Ready Skills” followed by “Active Learning during the Pandemic Era.” This session’s presentation will include discussion of what worked, what didn’t work, and its future concerning the Hyflex module.
An Overview and Analysis of First2 Network Campus Clubs.
Authors: Ashlea Krasnansky  , Beth Thompson  , Beth Thompson  , Erica Harvey  
Published: May 2022

Underrepresented groups often face various, tedious obstacles when pursuing postsecondary education; many times, students find it difficult to impossible to overcome these obstacles and either avoid or drop out of college. The First2 Network is a statewide network of innovative stakeholders collaborating to solve and share STEM persistence issues. At the core of network’s shared vision is the assumption that students should be co-creators of the solutions. Funded by the National Science Foundation’s INCLUDES initiative, First2 hopes to double the retention rate of first-generation, underrepresented, and/or rural STEM students in higher education through many enriching and diverse opportunities, events, and initiatives. One of the most student-led and effective methods of outreach and support is the utilization of campus clubs across the state. Participants in this presentation will hear an overview about each First2 campus club and highlights of the work they are doing, how this work can affect systems change, and the benefits for those who participate.
Ashlea Krasnansky, Dept of Mathematics, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25755; Erica Harvey, Dept of Natural Sciences, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, 26554; and Beth Thompson, Dept of Natural Sciences, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, 26554. An Overview and Analysis of First2 Network Campus Clubs.
The
Authors: Hartman Taylor 
Published: May 2022

Taylor Hartman Department of Organismal Biology, West Liberty University, West Liberty West Virginia, 26074. Incubation Temperature Effects on Hatchling False Water Cobras

In herpetoculture (the keeping of reptiles in captivity), there are often discrepancies between breeders for which incubation temperature for eggs of different snake species is most effective. It is believed by some breeders that warmer temperatures cause eggs to hatch faster and colder temperatures will cause the eggs to incubate longer but produce more robust babies. This study looks at false water cobra (FWC; hydrodynastes gigas) hatchlings housed in two temperatures to determine the effects of incubation temperatures upon hatching. Clutches of eggs were split as evenly as possible between a warm temperature of 82F (27C) and a cold temperature of 77F (25C). Upon hatching, individuals were measured from snout-to-vent (SVL) and weighed for mass.
The experiment is still ongoing with other snake species, but results have been calculated for H. gigas. The warmer incubation temperature produced snakes that were lighter in mass than cold incubated eggs, but both temperatures produced snakes of the same SVL. Results were found using an unpaired t-test, which suggested that the mass difference of 3.4 grams between the incubator’s hatchlings’ weight was significant. However, a difference of 0.9 centimeters in length was not significant.
Those incubated in the warmer temperature hatched at a faster rate than those in the cold temperature. Fungal infections on the eggs and deformities were more apparent in the warmer eggs, while no fungi or deformities were found in the colder temperatures, despite the incubation substrate and accommodating materials coming from the same source.
Behavioral ecology of Ixodes scapularis and the implications for Lyme disease
Authors: Tran Myndi , Bjorgo-Thorne Kim , Sal Melanie 
Published: May 2022

The most common ticks in West Virginia include the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis), and the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus ( (WVU extension). One of the most common tick-borne diseases in WV is Lyme disease, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Ixodes scapularis is a carrier for the B burgdorferi pathogen. Therefore, species identification is vital. The purpose of this research is to understand how tick behavior can affect the transmission and distribution of Lyme disease in the eastern United States, specifically in West Virginia. An ethogram was constructed to display five core behaviors of Ixodes scapularis.Other behaviors may appear in the ethogram but those remain variable across species and were not included. No other behaviors distinctive to Ixodes scapularis were found.
Five main behaviors were noted in Ixodes scapularis and can be functionally applied to other tick species. By understanding the behavior of ticks, the knowledge can be used to understand the prevalence of tick distribution in the eastern United States. When combining tick behavior and its distribution, one can then focus on the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in infected ticks. Additionally, infected tick behavior can differ from uninfected ticks, resulting in more frequent questing and biting behaviors. Different populations of the same species can also differ in questing height and hiding behavior.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Masks at Blocking Bacterial Particulates.
Authors: Trevor  , Jamie Miller  
Published: May 2022

In light of the recent pandemic, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of masks stopping bacterial particles. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended a multitude of varying face masks that are said to protect you and others from the spread of COVID-19 and other air-borne microbes. The main goal of this research was to test recommended masks and determine if they are as protective as everyone acknowledges them to be.
To evaluate the masks, multiple mathematical formulas were used to accurately imitate the average human cough. These calculations were used to build a machine that would expel air and a microbial solution through a mask. A bacterial sample was used to determine the effectiveness of microbe containment by the various masks due to the ability to obtain penetration measurements without the need of host cell infection. The machine constructed to mimic a human cough consists of a pressure regulator, “cough chamber”, and a mouth nozzle. The concentration of bacterial solution was factored into the amount of particulate that is expelled after an average cough. The standardized bacteria-containing cough solution was then dispersed through the mouth nozzle and a mask. Any particulate that passed through the mask was collected on a nutrient agar plate, which was used to quantify the number of microbial particles that breached the mask.
Preliminary data indicates that there is a difference in the effectiveness of the masks and some masks do not appear to be as effective as they are advertised to be. This calls into question the validity of the CDC’s recommendations for masks effective at preventing the transmission of air-borne microbes.
Designing Transfers Policy With Normatively Determined Revenues And Expenditures Of State Governments In India
Authors: Shanmugam K , Shanmugam K.R. 
Published: May 2022

This study addresses an important policy issue of designing equalisation transfers from the union government of India to the states. It empirically measures the own revenue efficiency and potential of General Category and Special Category States using the frontier approach for panel data. It also analyses the effect of transfers on states’ own revenue and its components. Results indicate a strong crowding-out effect of transfers in General Category States and a strong crowding-in effect in Special Category States. Amounts of additional transfers required to provide equal level of public services for all 29 States in four alternative scenarios range between ₹1072 billion and ₹15,948 billion. The range is based on alternate benchmarks of fiscal capacities and expenditure needs. We hope that these results will be useful to policymakers and other stakeholders to design appropriate fiscal transfer strategies such that all citizens can avail a standard level of public services in India.
Will Health Grants to Local Governments by the Fifteenth Finance Commission Eventually Become a Victim of Mission Creep Syndrome?
Authors: Chathukulam Jos , Joseph Manasi 
Published: May 2022

While the health grants to local governments recommended by Fifteenth Union Finance Commission in the wake of Covid 19 pandemic lays emphasis on the trust-based approach to local governments and decentralization of health, the danger of Mission Creep can undo the potential and effectiveness of the grants to strengthen the primary health care sector. Lack of sensitization towards local governments; the misconception that local governments and its stakeholders are illiterate, weak and corrupt entities; absence of an institutional monitoring mechanism to conduct a follow-up of the recommendations made by the respective Finance Commissions; lack of co-ordination between various Ministries of union and state governments; and the erosion of cooperative federalism can all contribute to health grants falling prey to the vicious cycle of Mission Creep Syndrome.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MIND MAPPING
Authors: Idayati Lilik 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK
Tujua
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar Fisika materi gerak lurus melalui penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan dengan Metode Mind Mapping pada Siswa Kelas X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Trenggalek. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa Kelas X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Trenggalek Semester Ganjil Tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 35 siswa, terdiri dari 18 putra dan 17 putri. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui hasil kuesioner dan hasil pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problems Based Learning berbantuan dengan Metode Mind Mapping dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada materi Gerak Lurus siswa Kelas X MIPA 1 SMAN 2 Trenggalek. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan Hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan nilai post test per siklus dengan nilai di atas KKM yaitu persentase pada siklus I= 62,9% dan pada siklus II =85,7%.
PENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MENEMUKAN UNSUR-UNSUR CERPEN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MODEL JIGSAW
Authors: Masruroh Siti 
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan penelitian ini “Bagaimana meningkatkan hasil belajar menemukan unsur-unsur cerpen melalui pembelajaran kooperatif Model jigsaw? Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar menemukan unsur-unsur cerpen dengan menggunakan model Jigsaw pada kelas IXB tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 di SMPN 3 Karangan. Metode dan teknik penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Variabel yang diteliti adalah hasil belajar yang dicapai peserta didik selama 2 siklus yang dirancang dalam empat kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan pembelajaran, pengamatan (observasi) serta analisis dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada siklus 1 hanya 60 % peserta didik yang mempunyai nilai 70 ke atas meskipun hasil belajar siswa mencapai rata-rata 69.4. Pada siklus 2 terjadi peningkatan peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai di atas 70 sebanyak 88 % dan hasil belajar rata-rata 76 sehingga sudah melampaui kriteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan.
AKULTURASI NOVEL “ASSALAMUALAIKUM BEIJING” KARYA ASMA NADIA
Authors: Ekayanti Yulia Usmaul , Fahrudin Fahrudin 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian Akulturasi dalam Novel “Assalamualaikum Beijing!” Karya Asma Nadia bertujuan untuk meneliti proses akulturasi dalam Novel Assalamualaikum Beijing karya Asma Nadia, mencakup (1) unsur-unsur kebudayaan yang mudah dan yang sulit diterima, dan (2) karakter tokoh yang mudah menerima dan karakter tokoh yang sulit menerima unsur-unsur kebudayaan asing.Metode pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi. Sumber data novel “Assalamualaikum Beijing “ karya Asma Nadia Hasil penelitian unsur-unsur kebudayaan yang mudah dan sulit diterima (1) aspek teknologi. tokoh menerima budaya karena beradaptasi, tokoh sulit menerima budaya bertolak belakang kehidupan nyata. (2) aspek religi tokoh muslim pengaruhi emosi non muslim, tokoh sulit menerima budaya asing sulit dinalar. (3) aspek bahasa dan komunikasi, mudah menerima budaya asing karena belajar, tokoh Cina mempertahankan budaya asli. Karakter tokoh yang menerima dan karakter tokoh yang sulit menerima unsur-unsur kebudayaan asing (1) aspek cinta ilmu. tokoh nonmuslim Cina menerima budaya asing karena cinta ilmu, sedang tokoh sulit menerima karena cinta ilmu tetapi harus mengikuti peraturan. (2) aspek cerdas. tokoh menerima budaya asing berpikir cepat. tokoh sulit menerima berpikir rasional (3) aspek ketakwaan. tokoh memiliki ketakwaan, tokoh sulit menerima budaya karena aturan agamanya
Evaluation of physical fitness parameters among future doctors of Belgaum – A cross sectional study
Authors: Mago Arpit , Tulsyan Astha , Kour Harpreet 
Published: May 2022

Background: Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Medical education with its vast curriculum and rigorous training is often very stressful and leads to physical inactivity and poor nutrition as a negative consequence. Medical students as future health care providers are responsible for the good health of our citizens and therefore our study is aimed to study the interrelation between physical inactivity and health of medical student.
Methods: This cross -sectional study was conducted among 80 undergraduate MBBS students. Quota sampling method was used to identify 40 students from first year and 20 each from second and third year. A pretested, semi structured questionnaire including information about age, sex, attitude and practice of physical activity was collected. Anthropometric parameters and Physical performance parameters were assessed. Data entry was done using Excel sheet and statistical analysis was done in SPSS 23.0
Results: Mean BMI of subjects in the sample is 23.72 ± 5.31 (kg/m2). Majority of subjects in the sample are with normal BMI followed by obese whereas 9 (11.25%) of subjects are underweight Mean of SBP and DBP in the sample is 115.33 ± 16.03 and 76.35 ± 10.23 (mmHg) respectively. Out of 80 subjects , most of them 76 (95%) had poor physical fitness score whereas one subject each had good and excellent Physical fitness test score .48 (60%) of 80 subjects in the sample had intermediate agility score .53 of 80 subjects had Central obesity and 25 had truncal obesity i. e; 25 (47.17%) of 50 central obesity subjects had truncal obesity
Conclusion: This study reiterates the importance of physical activity as way of primary prevention to achieve healthy life and encourages implantation of comprehensive health programmes in medical curriculum.
Living and Coping with Spinocerebellar Ataxia: Palliative Care Approach
Authors: Bozzetto Ambrosi Caroline , Bozzetto Ambrosi Patricia 
Published: May 2022

The discussion about the palliative care approach in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) has become extremely relevant. Mainly after considering that most progressive ataxias are incurable, there are few published studies on their palliative and end-of-life care. Although many patients with degenerative neurological diseases have a normal life expectancy, some forms of SCA (e.g., type 1, 2, 3, and 17) can progress rapidly, with a shorter life span. This chapter will discuss current guidelines and recommendations that have been drawn from the broader field of progressive neurological conditions. In addition, we also review aspects of strategic end-of-life care management, the involvement of the multidisciplinary team and the contribution of allied health professionals are essential for excellent patient support care in a palliative approach. More studies on your supportive care and end-of-life care to manage this serious illness to improve quality of life and reduce suffering, addressing complex medical symptoms, psychosocial issues, general well-being, and planning strategies for better living and coping are needed.
The Roots of Corporate Accountability: From the Holocaust and Beyond
Authors: Payne Leigh A. , Beall Mary N. , Hutchinson Ami 
Published: May 2022

The chapter addresses the roots of corporate accountability and transitional justice with the post-Holocaust efforts to hold perpetrators responsible for human rights violations that occurred during World War II. It begins with three waves of trials of economic actors in Nazi Germany. While the legacy of modern international human rights law emerged from those trials, the same cannot be said for addressing economic actors’ role in genocide and crimes against humanity, including torture, disappearance, murder, and slave labour. The response to the Holocaust led to what the UN asserts as states’ obligations in transitional justice contexts, which are now embodied in a wide range of international human rights instruments. However, the binding and enforceable human rights obligations contained within these instruments have not been effectively applied to economic actors. This chapter explores why this is the case, focusing on a changed international political context following the Holocaust, including the trials of businesses for crimes against humanity during World War II in Japan, the Rwandan genocide, and in the Argentine dictatorship. The final section considers explanations for why historical precedent has not translated into binding and enforceable international human rights obligations on economic actors.
Theory and Theurgy; or, How Ficino Wished to Dispatch the Averroist Intellect through Platonic Good Works
Authors: Giglioni Guido 
Published: May 2022

In this chapter, I argue that during the 1490s Marsilio Ficino devoted particular attention to Iamblichus’s Reply to Porphyry’s Letter to Anebo, for in this text he found indicated the best course of action to stem the rising tides of religious iconoclasm and philosophical monopsychism, represented by, respectively, the pure heart of the reforming zealots – the purists in devotion – and the one intellect of the Averroist Aristotelians – the purists in contemplation. Indeed, Iamblichus appeared to Ficino as better suited to respond to this particular situation than Plotinus, for, unlike Plotinus, Iamblichus believed that the human soul was fully descended and that therefore the only way for it to regain unity with God was by undergoing rituals of theurgic catharsis.
An investment toward non-lethal crop protection measures for a threatened species in New South Wales: the Flying-fox Netting Subsidy Program
Authors: Mo Matthew , Gregory Joshua , Wilson Vanessa , Robinson Katie , Dodds Kevin , Bell Linda 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Flying-fox depredation of cultivated fruit in eastern Australia has been contentious since early settlement and was often addressed by shooting flying-foxes. However, shooting is ineffective as a crop protection measure and has serious animal welfare impacts. Exclusion netting is considered the most reliable and humane method of protecting commercial crops from flying-foxes and other animals. From 2011 to 2017, the New South Wales (NSW) Government implemented the Flying-fox Netting Subsidy Program to subsidise fruit growers’ costs of installing exclusion netting on orchards, accompanied by the gradual phase out of legal shooting of flying-foxes in NSW. The AUD$7.1 million scheme was designed to fund up to 50 percent of the cost of purchasing and installing exclusion netting, capped at AUD$20,000 per hectare. The subsidy program was initially funded for AUD$5 million and restricted to full-canopy exclusion netting for orchards situated in the Sydney Basin and Central Coast but later expanded to the remainder of NSW and also expanded to subsidise throw-over netting and upgrades of non-complaint netting, with an additional investment of AUD$2.1 million. As a result, subsidies achieved netting of 182 hectares of crops in the Sydney Basin and Central Coast and 503 hectares in the remainder of NSW. The number of shooting licences granted by the NSW Government in growing seasons following the subsidy program were substantially lower than previous growing seasons and flying-foxes were reported shot at a lower rate following the subsidy program compared to previous growing seasons. These patterns suggest fruit growers’ diminishing reliance on using shooting as a crop protection measure in the years leading up to the NSW Government phasing out legal shooting of flying-foxes in June 2021.
Notices, Historical and Architectural, of the Round Tower of Brechin
Authors: Brash Richard Rolt 
Published: May 2022

A description of the design and dimensions of the tower at Brechin. The author argues that the decoration on the tower’s doorway was a later addition to the structure, and goes on to suggest that the roof may also have been a later addition. He discuss several other examples of towers in Ireland where he believed Christian symbols were added to already existing pre-Christian structures and concludes his paper by arguing that since human remains were unearthed from beneath many of these towers, they were likely memorial monuments.
In a note after the article, several Fellows including the Secretary, John Stuart, disagreed with the author’s conclusions about the later additions to the tower.
Compact Modeling Technology for the Simulation of Integrated Circuits Based on Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Pasadas Francisco , Feijoo Pedro C. , Mavredakis Nikolaos , Pacheco‐Sanchez Aníbal , Chaves Ferney A. , Jiménez David 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe progress made toward the definition of a modular compact modeling technology for graphene field‐effect transistors (GFETs) that enables the electrical analysis of arbitrary GFET‐based integrated circuits is reported. A set of primary models embracing the main physical principles defines the ideal GFET response under DC, transient (time domain), AC (frequency domain), and noise (frequency domain) analysis. Another set of secondary models accounts for the GFET non‐idealities, such as extrinsic‐, short‐channel‐, trapping/detrapping‐, self‐heating‐, and non‐quasi static‐effects, which can have a significant impact under static and/or dynamic operation. At both device and circuit levels, significant consistency is demonstrated between the simulation output and experimental data for relevant operating conditions. Additionally, a perspective of the challenges during the scale up of the GFET modeling technology toward higher technology readiness levels while drawing a collaborative scenario among fabrication technology groups, modeling groups, and circuit designers, is provided.