bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpreting sustainability and resilience in the built environment
Authors: Marlow Elisabeth C. , Chmutina Ksenia , Dainty Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Conceptual interpretations of sustainability and resilience are widening with discursive use and altering the relationship and understanding of both concepts. By using three city case studies in the USA, this paper aims to consider which conceptual interpretations are operational and what is being measured in the context of city policy, municipal planning and built environment practice. With increasing pressures of urbanisation, it is imperative to consider which conceptual interpretations of resilience and sustainability are being measured in frameworks for the built environment if Risk-Informed Sustainable Development across multiple sectors is to be delivered.

Design/methodology/approach
Three case studies with semi-structured interviews have been thematically analysed to explore how sustainability and resilience have been operationalised at policy, planning and practice levels.

Findings
City policies, municipal planning and practitioners are working with different interpretations. Collectively Risk Informed Sustainable Development is not formally recognised. Policies recognise GHG reductions and natural hazard events; planning guidance stipulates Environmental Impact Assessments based on legal requirements; and practitioners consider passive-survivability and systematic thinking. Across the sectors, the Leadership in Environmental and Energy Assessment Method provides a common foundation but is used with varying requirements.

Practical implications
Decision-makers should incorporate risk-informed sustainable development, update codes of practice and legal requirements leading to exemplary practice becoming normalised.

Social implications
Passive-survivability should be affordable and adopt risk-informed sustainable development principles.

Originality/value
Three US city case studies with data collected from interviews have been analysed simultaneously at policy, planning and practice levels. Interrelated implications have been outlined on how to improve decision-making of sustainability and resilience across sectors.
Past, present and future challenges for Australia's indigenous heritage management national policy
Authors: du Cros Hilary 
Published: February 2022

PurposeAustralia appears to be encountering a crisis in the protection of certain heritage places, despite its strong reputation in heritage conservation built up since the 1970s. Consequently, this paper examines changes to national cultural heritage management policy over the last few decades to understand more about this crisis.Design/methodology/approachIndigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage) was selected as the key focus. This paper applies a cultural heritage management framework tested first in Hong Kong to measure Australian paradigm change over 45 years.FindingsIt found the 1990s shift away from the provision of independent technical advice on national heritage policy has had a major impact. This shift is based on a change in ethos away from the earlier Whitlam/National Estate broader vision of heritage responsibilities towards a narrower more conservative one at the national level. Also, it found that studies and policymaking should allow for Indigenous voices. More Indigenous input in heritage policy formulation at all levels of government would further decolonise Indigenous heritage governance to deal justly with Indigenous Australians and their heritage.Research limitations/implicationsResources did not allow for comparative studies of the non-Indigenous (historic) and natural heritage as part of the current study.Practical implicationsThe study also included a consultation paper and an online conference presentation that have raised questions about the efficacy of current national policy on Indigenous places, on which a national conversation is urgently needed. The recent review of the National Heritage Strategy by the Australian Commonwealth Government based some of its proposed options on those listed in the consultation paper to initiate this conversation in a limited way.Social implicationsOne finding is that attention to heritage policy and protection must be ongoing at all levels of government and inclusive of First People's human rights, particularly those concerning their heritage. In regard to Australia, most Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander respondents in this study would like to see targeted funding return for more than just iconic Indigenous places and for the creation of a more independent heritage body that allows them more self-determination in the care of their heritage.Originality/valueThe paper's value is that it investigates the Australian Heritage Commission's impact in the development of Australian cultural heritage management and associated national policy. Also, it provides insights for other postcolonial or New World settler societies dealing with the same issues or any decision-makers considering establishing a national independent body to oversee heritage protection and policymaking.
Facing the era of smartness: constructing a framework of required technology competencies for hospitality practitioners
Authors: Hsu Hsuan , Tseng Kuo-Feng 
Published: February 2022

PurposeConcerning the emergence of Industry 4.0 and the concept of “smartness”, the technology competence of hospitality practitioners that was previously neglected and overlooked should be explored. Therefore, this study aims to explore previous hospitality technology competence through a literature review and then to extend, strengthen and build a new framework of the required technology competencies for hospitality practitioners in terms of facing smartness.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate the previous research on the characteristics of the required technology competencies for hospitality practitioners, this study carried out a systematic literature review (SLR) on works published from 2011 to 2020. Then, based on the SLR results, the required technology competencies for hospitality practitioners in terms of facing smartness was explored with 26 experts from the government, industry and academia. The data were analysed through thematic analysis based on the perspectives of task–technology fit, and then, the framework was constructed.FindingsThis study reconfirmed that technology competence has been neglected in the previous hospitality competence literature and that the current methods and ways of thinking cannot succeed in this smart era. Moreover, based on fundamental technology competence, a new framework with ten dimensions of technology competencies required for hospitality practitioners in terms of facing smartness was created.Originality/valueThis study identified the required technology competencies for hospitality practitioners, an area that has rarely been addressed in the previous literature. Moreover, specific competencies, especially those needed to face this smart era, are urgent and novel in the academic hospitality field.
Institutional investors distraction and debt choice
Authors: Asamoah Joseph Maxwell , Dak-Adzaklo Cephas Simon Peter , Ofosu Emmanuel 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of institutional investors distraction on firms' choice between bank debt and public debt.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs the measure of institutional investors distraction from Kempf et al. (2017), which captures exogenous attention-grabbing events in other aspects of institutional investors' portfolios holdings to examine this research question. The study uses a sample of 16,047 firm-year observations comprising 2,521 US firms for the period of 2000–2016.FindingsThe result shows a significant positive association between institutional shareholder distraction and firms' bank ratio. Cross-sectional tests show that the positive association between institutional shareholders distraction and firms' bank ratio is stronger for firms in poorer information environments and for firms facing greater competitive threats from rivals.Originality/valueThis study underscores the important governance role played by institutional shareholders and the consequence when such a monitoring role is impaired. In particular, firms with distracted shareholders rely on expensive bank monitoring and scrutiny to supply their additional monitoring capacity.
Can Hong Kong exceptionalism last? Dilemmas of governance and public administration over five decades 1970s-2020
Authors: Cheung Anthony B.L. 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this book launch speech is to introduce the book I author, Can Hong Kong exceptionalism last? Dilemmas of governance and public administration over five decades 1970s-2020 (2021). The book critically reviews the governance and public administration from 1970s to 2020, identifying strengths and capabilities as well as constraints and dilemmas.Design/methodology/approachThe book is based on my decades of academic observations and personal political experience by interpreting and re-interpreting the Hong Kong journey, with reflections on past assumptions and raising new questions.FindingsThis book identifies five exceptional aspects: (a) Under British rule Hong Kong was governed as an atypical colony; (b) It was one of the Four Little Dragons as part of the East Asian Miracle; (c) In the 1990s, it was one of the regional pioneers in public sector reform; (d) The unique constitutional status of post-1997 Hong Kong as a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China; (e) After reunification, the SAR government, though only semi-democratic, is checked by balancing and monitoring mechanisms no less vigorous than some developed democracies. It also examines various governance problems faced in the post-1997 period.Originality/valueHong Kong is again in times of uncertainty and volatility. The city has entered a ‘second transition’ after 2020, and it is undergoing a bigger test than in 1997. After reviewing the past, I opine in the book that Hong Kong has to identify its niche areas, not only in economics. It needs a paradigm shift in how it relates to the Mainland within ‘One Country’ and how it relates to the world as a global metropolis.
Infectious disease (COVID-19)-related uncertainty and the safe-haven features of bonds markets
Authors: Ali Shoaib , Yousaf Imran , Umar Zaghum 
Published: February 2022

Purpose This study aims to examine the hedge, diversifier and safe-haven properties of bonds against infectious disease-related equity market volatility (IDEMV), like COVID-19.Design/methodology/approach The authors apply wavelet coherence methodology on the daily data of IDEMV and bond market (US, UK, Japan, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, Sweden, China and Europe) indices from 1 January 2000 to 14 February 2021.Findings The results show no significant co-movement between these bond indices and IDEMV, thus confirming that they serve as a hedge against IDEMV. However, during the turbulent period like COVID-19, the authors find that the US, UK, Japan, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, Sweden, China and European bond markets act as safe-haven against IDEMV, whereas the UK, US, Japan and Canadian bond markets demonstrate an in-phase and positive co-movement with IDEMV during COVID-19, suggesting their role as a diversifier.Research limitations/implications The study findings are important for investors and portfolio managers regarding risk management, portfolio diversification and investment strategies.Originality/value The authors contribute to the fast growing body of work on the financial impacts of COVID-19 as well as to ongoing consideration of whether a bond is a safe-haven investment.
The relationship between basic auditory processing, prosodic sensitivity and reading in German adults
Authors: Obergfell Anja L. , Schabmann Alfred , Schmidt Barbara M. 
Published: February 2022

Prosodic sensitivity (PS) and phonological awareness (PA) are reading‐related predictors in children, which themselves might be affected by basic auditory processing (BAP). This study proposes a new model that considers possible relations between all three variables and reading. Skilled adult reading is examined to exclude possible developmental influences and obtain more information about mature reading. One hundred thirty‐eight German‐speaking adults (mean age: 26 years) completed three measures of BAP (frequency, intensity and amplitude rise time discrimination), two sentence‐based PS tasks, a PA task, and three word and nonword reading tasks. Structural equation modelling revealed a significant direct effect of PS on reading, a significant direct effect of BAP on PS and an indirect effect of BAP on reading via PS. The results strengthen the relevance of BAP skills and PS for reading in adults.
Building Confianza: Collective Public History in the Time of Distance – a Joint Reflection from the Boyle Heights Museum Team
Authors: Leal Jorge N. , Navarrete Hunter Yesenia , Vasquez Ruiz Michelle , Flores‐Montaño Cassandra , Delgado Arabella , Noriega‐Rocha Rosa , Galeno Isis , Rodriguez Ivonne , Polt‐Gifford Alexander 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHow do you preserve the history of a neighbourhood undergoing change? How do you honour its residents and their legacy of lucha (struggle)? How do you uplift the voices of community members, students and researchers of colour in the museum world? In this joint reflection, members of the Los Angeles Boyle Heights Museum (BHM) reflect on their collaborative endeavours to research, preserve and celebrate the multi‐ethnic history of this Los Angeles (LA) neighbourhood. As a research, exhibition and educational project led by professors, graduate students, undergraduate students and community members, the BHM team uses a horizontal leadership model to uplift and tell the stories of a neighbourhood. The BHM team members discuss the various approaches they use to build confianza – trust – among themselves and within US Latinx migrant communities. By centring confianza as both a method and a theoretical framework for public history work, the team demonstrates how it builds a more inclusive, family‐centred and intergenerational museum experience. Through building confianza, the team has been able to pivot their work to address and manoeuvre new challenges during the Covid‐19 pandemic.
Engineered EryF hydroxylase improving heterologous polyketide erythronolide B production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Liu Zhifeng , Xu Jianlin , Liu Haili , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2022

SummaryIn the last two decades, the production of complex polyketides such as erythromycin and its precursor 6‐deoxyerythronolide B (6‐dEB) was demonstrated feasible in Escherichia coli. Although the heterologous production of polyketide skeleton 6‐dEB has reached 210 mg l−1 in E. coli, the yield of its post‐modification products erythromycins remains to be improved. Cytochrome P450EryF catalyses the C6 hydroxylation of 6‐dEB to form erythronolide B (EB), which is the initial rate‐limiting modification in a multi‐step pathway to convert 6‐dEB into erythromycin. Here, we engineered hydroxylase EryF to improve the production of heterologous polyketide EB in E. coli. By comparative analysis of various versions of P450EryFs, we confirmed the optimal SaEryF for the biosynthesis of EB. Further mutation of SaEryF based on the crystal structure of SaEryF and homology modelling of AcEryF and AeEryF afforded the enhancement of EB production. The designed mutant of SaEryF, I379V, achieved the yield of 131 mg l−1 EB, which was fourfold to that produced by wild‐type SaEryF. Moreover, the combined mutagenesis of multiple residues led to further boost the EB concentration by another 41%, which laid the foundation for efficient heterologous biosynthesis of erythromycin or other complex polyketides.
Identification of the southernmost aggregation of scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) in Australia
Authors: López Naima Andrea , McAuley Rory B. , Meeuwig Jessica J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractScalloped hammerheads (Sphyrna lewini) occur in tropical to subtropical waters across all ocean basins and are globally assessed as Critically Endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. In Australia, scalloped hammerheads range from Sydney, New South Wales (34° S; 151° E), around northern Australia, down to Geographe Bay, Western Australia (33° S; 115° E). However, in Western Australia, the species has rarely been recorded south of Jurien Bay (30° S; 115° E). We report a recurrent aggregation of scalloped hammerheads within the Shoalwater Islands Marine Park (32° S; 115° E), 240 km south of Jurien Bay, observed from drone footage collected during the 2019 and 2020 Austral summers. These new records challenge previous understanding of the distributional range of this Critically Endangered species and prompt questions about the adequacy of current protection measures.
Increased frequency of CYP2C19 loss‐of‐function alleles in clopidogrel‐treated patients with recurrent cerebral ischemia
Authors: Minderhoud Crista , Otten Leila S. , Hilkens Pieter H. E. , van den Broek Marcel P. H. , Harmsze Ankie M. 
Published: February 2022

AimsClopidogrel is used as secondary prevention after cerebral ischaemia. Previous, mainly Asian, studies have shown that genetic variations in CYP2C19 are associated with an increased risk of recurrent stroke in clopidogrel‐treated patients. Evidence on the impact of this drug–gene interaction in European neurology patients is currently limited. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of CYP2C19 loss‐of‐function (LoF) alleles in a population with recurrent cerebral ischaemia to two reference groups from the same region.MethodsCYP2C19‐genotyping (*2 and *3) was performed in clopidogrel‐treated patients who presented with a recurrent ischaemic stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Genotype distributions were compared with two reference groups; a cohort of consecutive patients who underwent elective coronary stent implantation and a cohort of healthy Dutch volunteers.ResultsIn total, 188 cases with a recurrent ischaemic event were identified, of whom 38 (20.2%) experienced an early recurrent event (24 hours to 90 days after the previous event). Among the total case group, 43.6% of the patients carried at least one CYP2C19 LoF allele, compared with 27.6% and 24.7% in respectively the cardiology and the healthy volunteers reference groups (P < .001 for both comparisons). Among the cases with an early recurrent event, 55.3% of patients were carriers of at least one CYP2C19 LoF allele (P < .0001).ConclusionIn this clopidogrel‐treated population with recurrent cerebral ischaemia, the frequency of CYP2C19 LoF alleles was significantly higher than in reference groups, especially in early recurrent events. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that genotype‐guided antiplatelet therapy could improve patient outcomes.
The differential interplay of TPACK, teacher beliefs, school culture and professional development with the nature of in‐service EFL teachers' technology adoption
Authors: Lai Chun , Wang Qiu , Huang Xianhan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious research has identified various internal and external factors that predict teachers' technology adoption. Limited studies have explored how these internal and external factors interplay to determine different types of technology use. This study used the survey responses of 280 English as foreign language (EFL) teachers to examine how two key external factors (ie, school culture and professional development) interact with the two constitutive internal components (ie, knowledge/skill and belief) to determine three types of technology use in teaching and learning (ie, technology for content delivery, technology for learning enrichment and technology for transformed education towards self‐directed learning). It identified the salience of school culture, professional development and TPACK over teaching and learning beliefs in determining technology use. It further revealed that these factors influenced the three types of technology use differently. The findings suggest a differentiated approach towards researching and supporting teacher technology adoption.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about the topic

Belief factors (Beliefs about teaching), knowledge factors (TPACK) and contextual factors (school culture and professional development) are significant predictors of teacher technology adoption.
What this paper adds

When examined together, school culture, professional development and TPACK were the more significant predictors of in‐service EFL teachers' technology integration, and the contributions of the belief systems were minimal.
The interactions of these factors vary for different types of teacher technology use.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Need differentiated considerations in supporting different types of teacher technology use.
A favourable school culture is instrumental to teachers' technology use for content delivery and for supporting students' self‐directed learning.
TPACK is most critical to the use of technology for learning enrichment.
Accessing the States of Enhanced Cognition in a Gaming Context: The Importance of Psychophysiological Arousal
Authors: Kozhevnikov Maria , Strasser Alina , Abdullah Muhammad Azri 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe goal of this study was to examine activities and experiences where enhanced cognitive states (ECSs), characterized by dramatic boosts in focused attention, could be elicited under specific gaming contexts. In Experiment 1, expert gamers were tested on the attentional blink task before and after playing games of different genres, varying on four game design dimensions (perspective, “adrenaline‐rush,” immersivity, and collaborative vs. individual context) and two cognitive dimensions (speed of processing and attentional focus). In Experiment 2, using ECG‐HRV methodology, we examined the physiological markers of gaming dimensions found to be critical for accessing ECSs in Experiment 1. The findings suggest that ECSs are a universal phenomenon that demands focusing one's attention on a single task from the egocentric perspective, and ought to involve an adventurous “adrenaline‐rush” type of activity. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that an underlying physiological mechanism of ECSs includes parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) withdrawal‐associated arousal. Specifically, the gaming dimensions leading to greater PSNS withdrawal‐associated arousal resulted in greater improvements on the attentional blink task during ECSs. These findings suggest that individuals can transcend what was hitherto assumed to be a limitation of human cognition, granting new prospects for eliciting exceptional human performance.