bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupancy–detection models with museum specimen data: Promise and pitfalls
Authors: Shirey Vaughn , Khelifa Rassim , M'Gonigle Leithen K. , Guzman Laura Melissa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Historical museum records provide potentially useful data for identifying drivers of change in species occupancy. However, because museum records are typically obtained via many collection methods, methodological developments are needed to enable robust inferences. Occupancy–detection models, a relatively new and powerful suite of statistical methods, are a potentially promising avenue because they can account for changes in collection effort through space and time.

We use simulated datasets to identify how and when patterns in data and/or modelling decisions can bias inference. We focus primarily on the consequences of contrasting methodological approaches for dealing with species' ranges and inferring species' non‐detections in both space and time.

We find that not all datasets are suitable for occupancy–detection analysis but, under the right conditions (namely, datasets that are broken into more time periods for occupancy inference and that contain a high fraction of community‐wide collections, or collection events that focus on communities of organisms), models can accurately estimate trends. Finally, we present a case study on eastern North American odonates where we calculate long‐term trends of occupancy using our most robust workflow.

These results indicate that occupancy–detection models are a suitable framework for some research cases and expand the suite of available tools for macroecological analysis available to researchers, especially where structured datasets are unavailable.
Morphology of urinary system in six‐banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Fonseca Clarisse Maria Barbosa , Mendonça Tarsia Giabardo Silva Mendonça , da Silva Andrezza Braga Soares , de Sousa Cavalcante Maria Michele Araujo , Araújo João Victor Silva , Júnior Aírton Mendes Conde 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEuphractus sexcinctus is a wild mammal native to the Americas; they have great diversity and are not in danger of extinction like other armadillo species. Despite the diversity, the morphology of several biological systems of this species has not been fully described. This study details the gross and microscopic anatomy of the urinary system in Euphractus sexcinctus, a six‐banded armadillo, compared with other mammalian study models. Six animals were dissected in the study. In the anatomical analysis, the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra were dissected and photographed; then, fragments were submitted to histological routine for staining with haematoxylin‐eosin, toluidine blue and Masson's trichrome for visualization under light microscopy. The six‐banded armadillo ureter is histologically composed of four concentric layers. The urinary bladder is presented with three tissue layers. The pattern of constitution and distribution of urinary system structures was compatible with that of most domestic like Canis familiaris and wild animals like Bradypus torquatus, with adaptations for the arid and semi‐arid habitat. The description of the morphology of Euphractus sexcinctus presents great relevance both for its conservation and for its use as a model for clinical research.
Safety and effectiveness of transdermal buprenorphine in cancer pain: An observational study in Taiwan (SOOTHE)
Authors: Huang Tai‐Lin , Huang Yen‐Min , Hou Min‐Mo , Lu Chang‐Hsien , Chao Tsu‐Yi , Chiu Tai‐Jan , Chang Yueh‐Shih , Lin Sheng‐Hao , Lin Ching‐Hsiung , Chen Yen‐Hao , Wang Cheng‐Hsu , Chen Jen‐Shi , Shen Wen‐Chi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimBuprenorphine is one of the strongest opioids used for the relief of cancer pain. This study aims to evaluate the real‐world clinical experiences of transdermal buprenorphine used in moderate to severe cancer pain in the Asian population.MethodsThis is an open‐labeled, multicenter, 4‐week observational study. Stable cancer pain patients who decided to switch the previous opioid to transdermal buprenorphine will be enrolled in this study. The safety and effectiveness were observed and collected. Pain assessment was performed using a numerical rating scale by the investigators and the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI‐SF) by the patient. The safety profiles included concomitant medications and adverse events (AEs).ResultsA total of 83 patients were enrolled in this study. The global pain scores in the BPI, as well as the four individual pain parameters (worst, least, average, and right now), showed a continued decrease (p < .05) from week 2 to week 4. Significant improvements were observed in normal work activities, relations with other people, sleep, enjoyment of life, and global BPI pain interference score on week 4. Pain assessments conducted by investigators demonstrated significant, continuous improvements during the study periods. In addition, transdermal buprenorphine demonstrated good safety/tolerability with limited drug‐related AEs in the Asian population with cancer pain.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that transdermal buprenorphine in the Asian population has good safety profiles and continued improvements in pain relief, sleep, and pain interferences. Transdermal buprenorphine can be an effective and convenient option as a transdermal opioid for patients with moderate to severe cancer pain in Taiwan. (NCT Number: NCT04315831)
Development of an organ procurement team in South Australia in response to COVID‐19
Authors: Gimpel Damian Joseph , Crouch Gareth , Szpytma Malgorzata , Mazzone Annette , Baker Robert A. , Bennetts Jayme S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to the nature of border closures and quarantine requirements in Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic, the feasibility of interstate travel for organ retrieval created complex logistics. An organ procurement service in South Australia, to procure heart and lungs of local donors, was commenced to mitigate the impact of the travel restrictions imposed due to COVID‐19. The purpose of this review was to examine the initial data and feasibility of the service.MethodsA single unit, multi‐site retrospective review from April 2020–August 2021 of all organ retrievals undertaken by the Flinders Medical Centre cardiothoracic service across Adelaide metropolitan area. Data was prospectively collected and analysed from the DonateLife South Australian centralized database. All data was de identified.ResultsA total of 25 organ procurements had been undertaken across 17 months since commencing the program. Total of 9 hearts and 16 bilateral lungs were procured with median age of donor of hearts 49 years (IQR 35.5–51. 5) and 60 years (IQR 44–72) for lung donation. Six organs were donated after determination of circulatory death and 19 after neurological determination of death. Median ischaemic time for heart donation was 4.4 h (IQR 3.0–5.8) and lung donation 4.4 h (IQR 3.4–6.1). All organs procured by the local South Australian team were successfully transplanted at the recipient site. Recipient sites included 8 in Victoria, 10 in New South Wales, 4 in Western Australia and 3 in Queensland.ConclusionsThe necessity of flexibility within the field of cardiothoracic surgery is evident during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The implementation of an organ retrieval service in South Australia has been successful with no apparent increased risk to successful transplant outcomes.
British Association of Dermatologists and British Photodermatology Group guidelines for narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy 2022
Authors: Goulden Victoria , Ling Tsui C. , Babakinejad Parastoo , Dawe Robert , Eadie Ewan , Fassihi Hiva , Fityan Adam , Garibaldinos Trish , Ibbotson Sally H. , Novakovic Ljuba , Rush Emma , Weatherhead Sophie C. , Whitehouse Heather , Hashme Maria , Mohd Mustapa M. Firouz , Exton Lesley S. ,   on behalf of the British Association of Dermatologists’ Clinical Standards Unit
Published: May 2022

AbstractLinked Comment: P. Wolf. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:285–286.
The road to biologics in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a nationwide drug utilization study
Authors: Ring Hans Christian , Yao Yiqiu , Maul Julia-Tatjana , Ingram John R. , Frew John W. , Thorsen Jonathan , Nielsen Mia-Louise , Wu Jashin J. , Thyssen Jacob P. , Thomsen Simon F. , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY

Background
Prolonged systemic antibiotic treatment is often a part of management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Although biologic therapies are now available, the patient’s treatment journey leading to biologic therapy is unclear.

Objectives
To examine treatment patterns and duration of systemic treatment use in patients with HS preceding biologic therapy.

Methods
We identified all patients with HS receiving treatment with biologics in the Danish National Patient Registry from 2010 to 2018 and extracted their entire prescription history of specific systemic treatments from the Danish National Prescription Registry since its inception in 1995. The patients’ treatment journeys are graphically displayed through Sankey diagrams and box plots generated to show temporal distributions. Descriptive patient characteristics were presented as frequencies with percentages for categorical variables and as means with SDs or medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) for continuous variables.

Results
A total of 225 patients with HS were included. Patients had most frequently been treated with penicillin (n = 214; 95·1%), dicloxacillin (n = 194; 86·2%), tetracycline (n = 145; 64·4%) and rifampicin/clindamycin (n = 111; 49·3%), as well as the retinoids isotretinoin and acitretin, and dapsone. Prior to biologic therapy, patients received a mean of 4·0 (SD 1·3) different systemic therapies, across a mean of 16·9 (SD 11·3) different treatment series. The mean time from first systemic therapy until biologic therapy was initiated was 15·3 (SD 5·1) years [8·2 (SD 5·9) years when excluding penicillin and dicloxacillin].

Conclusions
Patients with HS who receive biologic therapy have long preceding treatment histories with multiple drug classes and treatment series, many of which are supported by relatively weak evidence in HS. Delay in the initiation of biologic therapy may represent a missed opportunity to prevent disease progression.
What is already known about this topic? The treatment journey leading to biologic therapy in patients with HS has not previously been investigated.
What does this study add? Our data from 225 patients with HS illustrate that patients who receive biologic therapy have long preceding treatment histories with multiple drug classes and treatment series, many of which are supported by relatively weak evidence in HS.
A survey of literature examining farmland prices: A Canadian focus
Authors: Deaton B. James , Lawley Chad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study assesses agricultural economics literature on farmland prices and key determinants of these prices. The first section of the paper uses a basic capitalization model to organize a review of the literature and data. We then provide a focused assessment of five streams of literature examining farmland prices: (1) boom‐bust; (2) the capitalization effect of government agricultural subsidies on farmland prices; (3) agricultural zoning; (4) climate change; and (5) prohibitions against non‐local buyers of farmland. Our review highlights challenges to ongoing efforts to model changing farmland prices, the modern emphasis on econometric identification, important variation in the magnitude of estimated relationships across the literature, and the opportunity to expand research in Canada.
No difference in wound complications with or without a post‐operative pressure dressing: Our experience in 135 children undergoing mastoidectomy
Authors: Shinnawi Shadi , Gordin Arie , Zaroura Iyad , Rafoul Bahaa , Khoury Majd , Cohen‐Vaizer Mauricio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of avoiding mastoid pressure dressing (MPD) on children as a means of preventing discomfort and post‐operative pain.DesignA retrospective controlled study.SettingAll operations were carried out by experienced surgeons using standard techniques, whose custom, not the gravity of any individual case, dictated the use of MPD.ParticipantsChildren who underwent mastoidectomy for inflammatory middle ear diseases at a tertiary centre from 2010 to 2021.Main Outcome MeasuresWound‐related complications and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores at discharge were compared between children who had an MPD applied following surgery and those who did not.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐five cases were included. The demographic characteristics of the patients and surgical techniques employed were similar for both groups. There were 91 patients in the MPD group and 44 in the non‐mastoid dressing (NMPD) group. In the MPD group, five patients developed minor wound dehiscence, eight experienced surgical site infections (SSI), and one patient developed a keloid. In the NMPD group, one patient had an SSI, one patient suffered from a keloid scar, wound dehiscence was observed in one patient, and another one had a local hematoma. Therefore, there were no differences between the groups in relation to post‐operative complications (p = .32). Despite these similitudes, the NMPD patients suffered less post‐operative pain, as measured by the VAS (p = .02).ConclusionThis study shows that no significant benefit is derived from using an MPD after mastoidectomy in children. Surgeons should adhere to principles of appropriate haemostasis and wound closure to prevent post‐operative wound complications. Our study supports the abandonment of routine MPD in children following mastoidectomy.
Mediators of ertugliflozin effects on heart failure and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Segar Matthew W. , Kolkailah Ahmed A. , Frederich Robert , Pong Annpey , Cannon Christopher P. , Cosentino Francesco , Dagogo‐Jack Samuel , McGuire Darren K. , Pratley Richard E. , Liu Chih‐Chin , Maldonado Mario , Liu Jie , Cater Nilo B. , Pandey Ambarish , Cherney David Z. I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and composite kidney outcomes, but the mediators underlying these benefits are unknown.Materials and methodsAmong participants from VERTIS CV, a trial of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease randomized to ertugliflozin versus placebo, Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the percentage mediation of ertugliflozin efficacy on the first HHF and kidney composite outcome in 26 potential mediators. Time‐dependent approaches were used to evaluate associations between early (change from baseline to the first post‐baseline measurement) and average (weighted average of change from baseline using all post‐baseline measurements) changes in covariates with clinical outcomes.ResultsFor the HHF analyses, early changes in four biomarkers (haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum albumin and urate) and average changes in seven biomarkers (early biomarkers + weight, chloride and serum protein) were identified as fulfilling the criteria as mediators of ertugliflozin effects on the risk of HHF. Similar results were observed for the composite kidney outcome, with early changes in four biomarkers (glycated haemoglobin, haemoglobin, haematocrit and urate), and average changes in five biomarkers [early biomarkers (not glycated haemoglobin) + weight, serum albumin] mediating the effects of ertugliflozin on the kidney outcome.ConclusionsIn these analyses from the VERTIS CV trial, markers of volume status and haemoconcentration and/or haematopoiesis were the strongest mediators of the effect of ertugliflozin on reducing risk of HHF and composite kidney outcomes in the early and average change periods.ClinicalTrials.gov identifierNCT01986881
Dentists' knowledge of dental trauma based on the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines: An Australian survey
Authors: Jadav Nilesh Madhukant , Abbott Paul V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground/AimTraumatic dental injuries are the result of impact injuries to the teeth and/or soft and hard tissues within and around the vicinity of the oral cavity and pose a very serious public health dilemma. The aim of this study was to appraise the level of knowledge of dentists in Australia regarding the management of traumatic dental injuries based on the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines.MethodologyA link to an electronic questionnaire investigating personal and professional information and twelve questions about dental trauma was distributed by email using the Qualtrics Survey Software to ensure anonymity of the respondents, to members of the Australian Dental Association. The respondents were grouped according to demographic characteristics and practice profiles. Data were evaluated by the Student’s T test or one‐way ANOVA with post hoc testing using Fisher's least significant difference, with the α level set at 5%.ResultsA total of 180 complete responses were obtained. The overall mean number of correct answers was 7.55 ± 1.91 from a maximum possible score of twelve. Gender, year of primary dental qualification, dentist identity (general dentist or specialist), area of main practice or region worked by the practitioner did not significantly affect the mean scores. However, increased knowledge of the IADT guidelines was significantly associated with the number of trauma cases treated and the dentists' self‐reported knowledge.ConclusionsThe overall knowledge of Australian dentists regarding the management of traumatic dental injuries based on the IADT guidelines was generally good but it was also deficient in some areas.
The influence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus on dispersal by Bemisia tabaciMEAM1 in tomato
Authors: Steele Gabriella C. , De Marchi Bruno Rossitto , Lahiri Sriyanka , Adkins Scott , Turechek William , Smith Hugh A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), transmits tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), impacting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., Solanaceae) production globally. The dispersal capacity of viruliferous B. tabaci in tomato fields is not well understood. We hypothesized that TYLCV‐viruliferous whiteflies would disperse from plant to plant more quickly compared to non‐viruliferous whiteflies. To test this hypothesis, we established two sets of greenhouse experiments. In the first, the vector status experiment, whiteflies were either viruliferous or non‐viruliferous at the start of the experiment and were observed on all non‐infected tomato host plants. In the second, the host status experiment, whiteflies were all non‐viruliferous at the start of the experiment and were observed on either TYLCV‐infected or non‐infected tomato host plants, so that those feeding on infected plants would acquire the virus within the observed time frames. Dispersal was evaluated after 24–96 h by comparing numbers of adults and eggs on the central plant (i.e., where the insects were released) and plants located some distance away. Results indicate that neither carrying the virus at the onset of the trial nor acquiring the virus during the trial influenced dispersal compared to dispersal by non‐viruliferous B. tabaci. Viruliferous and non‐viruliferous whiteflies were most abundant on the central plant for all time intervals. Mortality was higher in viruliferous than in non‐viruliferous whiteflies. The virus alone does not seem to influence whitefly dispersal under the conditions studied. This has implications for management and control.
Couple variables predicting retention in a brief intervention and research
Authors: Mitchell Erica A. , Roberson Patricia N. E. , Amer Zahra , Garcia Darren J. , Cordova James V. , Gordon Kristina Coop 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTherapy is an effective form of treatment for couple distress; yet, research shows that 20%–60% of couples terminate treatment prematurely. Predictors of couple retention in therapy and research are unclear, particularly for couples from marginalized populations, which has important implications for the quality and generalizability of research results, and the benefits derived from therapy are limited when participants are not retained. The purpose of this study (N = 1310) was to identify couple‐level variables that predict (1) retention in a brief, two‐session couple intervention (The Relationship Checkup) delivered as a home visitation program and (2) retention in research participation at 1‐ and 6‐month follow‐up. Hypotheses were tested using a two‐level multi‐level model. Couples are significantly less likely to be retained in the brief intervention if (1) at least one partner identifies as Asian, Pacific Islander, or Native American, (2) at least one partner identifies as Hispanic/Latinx, or (3) both partners report mental or emotional health as a concern in their relationship. Couples are significantly less likely to be retained in research if (1) at least one partner identifies as Asian, Pacific Islander, or Native American (1 month only), (2) at least one partner identifies as Hispanic/Latinx (1 and 6 months), (3) if either partner reports clinically significant relationship distress at baseline (1 and 6 months), or (4) if either partner reports relationship aggression at baseline (6 months only). These findings are discussed with relevance to clinicians and researchers to recruit and retain more diverse and marginalized participants in couple interventions and follow‐up research.
Cutaneous manifestations of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis (AAV): a concise review with emphasis on clinical and histopathologic correlation
Authors: Gibson Lawrence E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV) comprises a group of small vessel vasculitides grouped by commonalities of clinical manifestations and ANCA testing. Skin findings are not uncommon, although there is considerable overlap and many times nonspecificity. In general, patients with skin findings tend to have more significant systemic illness, and skin lesions most often develop simultaneously or following onset of systemic symptoms. There are clinical and pathological clues of help in the differentiation of skin findings in these disorders. Purpura of various forms with leukocytoclastic vasculitis is common to all AAV. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) comprises the largest number of patients with an AAV. Upper airway, oral, ear, and facial lesions, with or without granuloma, are more commonly seen in this AAV. Pyoderma gangrenosum‐like lesions, including facial location, while not common are most closely associated with GPA. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) as its name implies is more closely associated with eosinophilic, allergic, or asthmatic conditions. Papular lesions of the extensor extremities showing extravascular granulomatous changes are characteristic but not specific for EGPA. Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is more closely associated with livedoid skin changes, and vascular inflammation tends to be deeper in the skin than with the other AAV. Extravascular granulomas are not expected. While the skin findings in AAV can be nonspecific and overlapping, combining careful full skin examination with histopathologic study of selected lesions is critical to making the correct diagnosis and in ruling out other similar diseases not ANCA related. The aim of this article is to encourage increased participation by dermatologists and dermatopathologists in the care of these patients.