bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Enhancement of Black Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Flour using Germination Technique
Authors: Dobhal Neetu , Raghuvanshi R.S. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Black soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is grown on 5734 hectare area of Kumaon and Garhwal region of Uttarakhand state of India but consumed on a very limited scale. The bioavailability of nutrients in soybean is limited due to presence of antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, oligosaccharides and tannins etc. Literature still lacks in data related to nutritional and health enhancing properties of black soybean, therefore, the present study was undertaken to enhance the nutritional quality of black soybean using germination technique. Methods: Two types of flour were developed from black soybean i.e. raw and 72-hours germinated flour which were analyzed for their proximate and mineral composition, antinutritional content, antioxidant activity, in-vitro protein digestibility, in-vitro iron bioavailability and dietary fibre content. Result: The findings revealed that germination led to significant (P≤0.05) increases in crude protein, crude fibre, total ash, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, in-vitro protein digestibility and total dietary fibre content with significant (P≤0.05) reductions in phytates, tannins, oxalates, trypsin inhibitor and oligosaccharide content of black soybean flour. The study concluded that germination significantly enhanced the nutritional properties of black soybean by increasing the density and bioavailability of nutrients and reducing the anti nutrients, thereby making it safer for human consumption.
Epistemic access and success of historically disadvantaged students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A South African experience
Authors: Themane Mahlapahlapana Johannes , Mabasa Layane Thomas 
Published: March 2022

The quest for access to higher education has increased rapidly in the past 25 years of democracy in South Africa. However, this increase has not been matched by student academic success. This lack of success may even be worse with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has given rise to challenges that have affected student learning, especially for students who come from historically disadvantaged backgrounds. In response to these, many institutions of higher learning have resorted to online teaching and learning. Despite this aforementioned lack of success, there are some who have succeeded. This group of students is the focus of our study. Therefore, the question discussed here is: How do students of historically disadvantaged backgrounds have access to higher education and succeed in their studies, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic? We employed a qualitative methodological approach, where the case study research design was adopted. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select a total of 18 participants from the School of Education at the University of Limpopo in South Africa. The sample was divided into four categories. The first category was made up of 10 students. The second category comprised 2 administrative staff, the third category consisted of 4 academic staff and 2 support staff (residence and academic writing) formed the last category. Data was collected through interviews and document analysis. The findings showed that students from disadvantaged backgrounds encountered challenges with their academic and their social lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we established that they developed coping skills (working in groups, moving around from one spot to the other in search of a strong connectivity) to navigate through their challenges. These findings imply that students from historically disadvantaged backgrounds can succeed if they leverage their studies on self-agency and social capital despite disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Academic and institutional readiness towards e-Learning to inform policy and practice in an evolving post-school education sector
Authors: Omidire Margaret Funke , Aluko Folake Ruth 
Published: March 2022

Prior to the occurrence of the global COVID-19 pandemic, some African higher education institutions had already adopted a hybridmode for all their programmes, including distance education. Policies and strategies were put in place to improve the practices, skills and competencies of staff and students. However, the closure of education institutions globally due to the pandemic resulted in the rethinking of current education practices and highlighted the inherent inequalities in the system. This baseline qualitative study, underpinned by the Affordance theory, explores the appropriateness of education responses that were utilised and interrogates the readiness of educators for e-Learning during the pandemic. The participants were purposively selected educators (n=11) from distance and contact African institutions. The study sought to contribute to the reconceptualisation of policies and strategies for distance education provision using e-Learning approaches, which have now become a mainstream reality for the post-school education and training (PSET) sector. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was applied to the rich data. The findings identified the successes and shortcomings of facilitating e-Learning at a distance during the pandemic. Some participants felt ill-prepared for the extent of work required to be well equipped to use this approach. In many cases, it was felt that support strategies could have been better structured. Further analysis highlighted possible restructuring that should occur to meet the needs of educators in the twenty-first century and to survive any future pandemics through greater use of e-Learning. Evidence-based recommendations for policies are discussed.
Postgraduate students' views on the use of WhatsApp groups as an online communication tool to support teaching and learning during COVID-19
Authors: Van den Berg Geesje , Mudau Patience Kelebogile 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research was to identify students’ views on the use of WhatsApp in an online postgraduate course at a South African Open Distance eLearning institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. During this time, lecturers and students relied on their mobile devices to communicate using different tools, including WhatsApp. Although it is a trending communication tool in teaching and learning, little is known about students’ views on using WhatsApp to support teaching and learning in a time of crisis. Within an interpretative paradigm, the research followed a case study design and a qualitative approach. The study used questionnaires with open-ended questions to collect data. The sample consisted of 16 students enrolled for a Master’s in Education programme. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. The findings showed that WhatsApp groups provided students with immediate, fast, easy to use and affordable communication and connection, thus, creating a sense of belonging. However, a possible disadvantage was also observed. A WhatsApp group can defeat its purpose if students use it for non-academic chats and it can become a distraction. This study proposes that institutions of higher learning consider using WhatsApp groups to support learning communities as they can alleviate feelings of loneliness and isolation, specifically in times of crisis. Furthermore, the study recommends that the purpose of WhatsApp groups should be clearly outlined to students and that lecturers and students should agree upon some ground rules before they start using WhatsApp groups to support teaching and learning.
ПРИЛОГ РАЗУМЕВАЊУ НАДРАЦИОНАЛНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНАТА ПЛАТОНОВЕ СПОЗНАЈНЕ ПСИХОЛОГИЈЕ
Authors: СТОЈАНОВИЋ МИХАИЛО 
Published: March 2022

: Истраживачки пројекат се у раду излаже у три фазе. У уводном се даје кратка абревијација становишта поводом проблема Добра унутар Платонове метафизике. У другом делу се уводи одредница θέα, дефинише њено семантичко поље у ширем смислу и разлаже улога у систему Платонове философије. Овде настојимо показати да се кроз смисао овог појма долази до централних момената учења. Консеквентно, θέα се показује као интегрални део Платоновог система. У трећем делу се у историјско-философском смислу разматрају садржинска одређења одреднице θέα. На основу датих анализа истраживачки рад настоји да пружи известан новум у погледу егзегезе Платонових текстова, а овај се примарно односи на приступ проблему Добра. Уместо учесталог онтолошког третмана (када се одредници таксативно приписују особине), овде нудимо гносеолошки угао у разумевању. Резултати истраживања указују на блискост између доминантнe религијскe институцијe антике (култ Елеусине) и спекулативног система Платонове метафизике.
FANATISME DAN KONFORMITAS KOREAN WAVE PADA REMAJA
Authors: Anisa Agustanti  
Published: March 2022

Korean Wave sebuah istilah yang diberikan untuk tersebarnya budaya Pop di Indonesia saat ini, fenomena Korea melanda generasi muda terutama remaja Indonesia yang memiliki banyak dampak negatif. Remaja harus bisa merevolusi mental dan juga menjadi agent of change untuk membuat Indonesia semakin baik, dan sebuah bagian masa dari perjalanan kehidupan yang utuh yaitu bagian dari masyarakat yang senantiasa bisa melakukan banyak kontribusi kebaikan, ditinggikan, optimistis dan pandai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systemic Literatur Review dengan cara mengumpulkan sebanyak mungkin sumber baik itu jurnal, buku yang berkaitan dengan topic penelitian Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fanatisme dan konformitas Korean wave pada Remaja yang membentuk perilaku kesetiaan yang tergabung dalam kelompok atau komunitas, dukungan dan perhatian yang ditunjukkan , dan keyakinan atau pandangan yang menonjol tentang objek Remaja yang menggemari Korean Wave bisa diupayakan tidak berperilaku fanatik dan konformitas yang negatif seperti berperilaku ekstrim kepada idola, membuat komunitas dengan ciri khas kegemaran yang sama pada Korean wave dan jadikanlah perilaku fanatik dan konformitas remaja yang positif agar masyarakat dapat menerima hal tersebut.
PEMBERDAYAAN PENYANDANG DISABILITAS BERBASIS KERAJINAN TANGAN
Authors: Rina Rina Puspita Sari 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplor lebih jauh tentang pemberdayaan difabel yang di lakukan secara pribadi oleh bapak sulaiman yang juga sebagai penyandang disabilitas tuna daksa. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif, metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang valid. Data dalam penelitian ini di dapatkan melalui wawancara kepada Bapak Sulaiman sebagai pemilik dan perintis usaha kecil menengah yang berada di Jl. Kaliurang No.Km. 13,5, Besi, Sukoharjo, Kec. Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Peneliti juga menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari data dokumentasi yang terdapat pada tempat produksi usaha tersebut yang terletak di samping rumah Bapak Sulaiman. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode triangulasi, yaitu menggali kebenaran informasi tertentu melalui berbagai metode dan sumber perolehan data.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pemberdayaan yang di lakukan oleh Bapak Sulaiman terhadap masyarakat disabilitas dilakukan secara pribadi. Dengan merintis usaha dan mempekerjakan kaum difabel yang sudah mendapatkan pelayanan dari pusat rehabilitasi. Karyawan Bapak Sulaiman juga dari luar daerah seperti pati, jawa tengah, jawa timur dll. Hal itu juga membuktikan bahwa penyandang disabilitas juga memiliki semangat kerja yang tinggi, Akan tetapi minimnya lapangan pekerjaan bagi kaum difabel menjadi kendala meskipun mereka sudah mendapatkan pelayanan dari pusat rehabilitasi setempat.
Quantifier et segmenter les flux de matières premières utilisées en France par l’alimentation animale
Authors: SAILLEY Manon , CORDIER Cécile , COURTONNE Jean-Yves , DUFLOT Boris , CADUDAL François , PERROT Christophe , BRION Aude , BAUMONT René 
Published: March 2022

Les attentes sociétales relatives à l’alimentation des animaux d’élevage s’intensifient (sans OGM, sans déforestation importée, limitant la compétition avec l’alimentation humaine, enrichi en Oméga 3 et/ou 6…) et deviennent parfois une condition d’accès au marché pour certaines productions animales. Afin de construire une méthodologie permettant une segmentation détaillée des consommations de matières premières par filière animale, le Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique Avenir Élevages a mobilisé un réseau d’experts des différentes filières. Une méthode de réconciliation des flux avec optimisation sous contraintes a été utilisée pour mettre en cohérence les différentes sources de données disponibles et ainsi dresser un panorama complet des flux de matières premières (grains, coproduits et fourrages) dans le système alimentaire de France métropolitaine (alimentation humaine et animale, export, énergie…). Pour l’année 2015, le total des utilisations animales de matières premières concentrées a été évalué autour de 34 Mt standardisées à 85 % de matière sèche et celles de fourrages entre 70 et 72,5 Mt de matière sèche (pertes et refus déduits). Les filières bovines étaient les premières utilisatrices de matières premières concentrées (37 % au total dont 25 % pour les bovins laitiers et mixtes et 12 % pour les bovins à viande), devant les volailles (34 %) et les porcs (23 %). L’utilisation du tourteau de soja apparaît encore plus ciblée : 43 % pour les bovins (36 % pour les laitiers et mites et 7 % pour ceux à viande), 43 % également pour les volailles (dont 29 % pour les volailles de chair), et 6 % pour les porcs. La méthodologie « flux de matières premières » développée dans ce travail permet de fournir des repères précis sur l’alimentation des animaux d’élevage, sa durabilité, l’importance de l’élevage dans la valorisation des coproduits issus de l’agro-alimentaire ou encore l’autonomie alimentaire et protéique de l’élevage français. Sa pérennisation dans un observatoire des flux de matières premières utilisées en alimentation animale est à l’étude afin de disposer d’un suivi pluriannuel de l’évolution des consommations.
Prognostic Impact of Activin in Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Staudacher Jonas Jaromir , Kühl Anja A. , Pötzsch Michelle , Daum Severin , von Winterfeld Moritz , Berg Erika , Hummel Michael , Rau Beate , Stein Ulrike , Treese Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose:Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus (AEG) and stomach (AS) are among the most common cancers worldwide. Novel markers for risk stratification and guiding treatment are strongly needed. Activin is a multi-functional cytokine with context specific pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of activin tumor protein expression in AEG/ASs. Methods:Tissue from a retrospective cohort of 278 patients with AEG/AS treated primarily by surgery at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin was collected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry using a specific antibody to the activin homodimer subunit. Additionally, we evaluated T-cell infiltration and PD1 expression as well as expression of PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry as possible confounding factors. Clinico-pathologic data were collected and correlated with activin protein expression.Results: Out of 278 tumor samples, 72 (25.9%) exhibited high activin protein expression. Higher activin expression was correlated with lower Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage and longer overall survival. Interestingly, activin expression correlated with CD4+ T-cell infiltration, and the correlation with higher overall survival was exclusively seen in tumors with high CD4+ T-cell infiltration, pointing towards a role of activin in the tumor immune response in AEG/ASs. Conclusion: In our cohort of AEG/AS, higher activin levels were correlated with longer overall survival, an effect exclusively seen in tumors with high CD4+ cell infiltration. Further mechanistic research is warranted discerning the exact effect of this context specific cytokine.
On the Exact Soliton Solutions of Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan Equation
Authors: Ozisik Muslim , Secer Aydin , Bayram Mustafa , Yusuf Abdullahi , Sulaiman Tukur Abdulkadir 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using an efficient modified extended tanh expansion method, we establish robust solutions for the Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan equation in this work. We want to utilize the effective scheme to solve the problem for the governing model. Bright and mixed dark–bright optical solitons are successfully exposed using the Maple symbolic package. On the 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional graphs, the physical features of the presented data are easily visible.
The Health Organization Resilience in Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ezzati Farahnaz , Mosadeghrad Ali Mohammad , Pooyan Ebrahim Jaafari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Health care facilities are responsible for preventing and controlling diseases and must have sufficient resilience to deal with crises. Iranian health care facilities have faced challenges in managing COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges to the resilience of Iranian health care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide appropriate solutions.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach and using semi-structured interviews with 59 managers, policy makers, health system experts, and faculty members. The participants were selected through snowball sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.Results:The resilience challenges of Iranian health care facilities were classified into eight groups: leadership and management; planning; organizational culture; organizational learning; employee management; customer management; resource management; and process management. The most important resilience challenges were: lack of an integrated management system; poor leadership; incompatibility of the management system and the network structure; lack of a national program; poor case detection program; lack of resources; inefficient information system; negative attitude of managers and employee; organizational inertia; failure to build on lessons learned from crises; lack of workforce preparedness; lack of community-based management; declining social capital; and lack of oversight. Managers must use community-based, evidence-based, and integrated management to build resilience against COVID-19, have sufficient knowledge and experience to organize operations, use appropriate and effective coordination models, develop a creative and participatory culture, reengineer structures and processes, and provide the necessary resources. Conclusion: Iranian health care facilities face challenges that prevent them from becoming resilient, responsive, and efficient in managing COVID-19. It is essential that policy makers and managers take the necessary steps to address these issues.
Effects of ischemic conditioning on head and neck free flap oxygenation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Min Se-Hee , Choe Suk Hyung , Kim Won Shik , Ahn Soon-Hyun , Cho Youn Joung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Flap failure after microvascular reconstructive surgery is a rare but devastating complication caused by reperfusion injury and tissue hypoperfusion. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) provides protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury and reduces tissue infarction. We hypothesized that RIC would enhance flap oxygenation and exert organ-protective effects during head and neck free flap reconstructive surgery.Methods: Adult patients undergoing free flap transfer surgery for head and neck cancer were randomized to receive either RIC or sham-RIC during surgery. RIC consisted of four cycles of 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion applied to the upper or lower extremity. The primary endpoint, tissue oxygen saturation of the flap, was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy on the first postoperative day. Organ-protective effects of RIC were evaluated with infarct size of rat hearts perfused with plasma dialysate from patients received RIC or sham-RIC.Results: Between April 2018 and July 2019, 50 patients were randomized (each n=25) and 46 were analyzed in the RIC (n=23) or sham-RIC (n=23) groups. Tissue oxygen saturation of the flap was similar between the groups (85 ± 12% vs 83 ± 9% in the RIC vs sham-RIC groups; P=0.471). Myocardial infarct size after treatment of plasma dialysate was significantly reduced in the RIC group (44 ± 7% to 26 ± 6%; P=0.018) compared to the sham-RIC group (42 ± 6% to 37 ± 7%; P=0.388).Conclusions: RIC did not improve tissue oxygenation of the transferred free flap in head and neck cancer reconstructive surgery. However, there was evidence of organ-protective effects of RIC in experimental models.Registry number of ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03474952
An effective Nano Drug Delivery and combination therapy for the treatment of Tuberculosis
Authors: Sheikhpour Mojgan , Delorme Vincent , Kasaeian Alibakhsh , Amiri Vahid , Masoumi Morteza , Sadeghinia Mohammad , Ebrahimzadeh Nayereh , Maleki Mobina , Pourazar Shahin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Drug-resistance in tuberculosis is exacerbating the threat this disease is posing for human beings. Antibiotics that were once effective against the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), are now no longer usable against multi- and extensively drug-resistant strains of this pathogen. To address this issue, new drug combinations and novel methods for targeted drug delivery could be of considerable value. In addition, studies have shown that the use of the antidepressant drug fluoxetine, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, can be useful in the treatment of infectious diseases, including bacterial infections.
Method
In this study, an isoniazid and fluoxetine-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluid was designed to increase drug delivery efficiency alongside eliminating drug-resistance in vitro. The prepared nanofluid was tested against Mtb. Expression levels of inhA and katG mRNAs were detected by Real-time PCR. ELISA was applied to measure levels of cytokine secretion (TNF-α, and IL-6) from infected macrophages treated with the nano delivery system.
Result
The results showed that these nano-drug delivery systems are effective for fluoxetine at far lower doses than for free drug. Fluoxetine also has an additive effect on the effect of isoniazid, and their concomitant use in the delivery system can have significant effects in treating infection of all clinical strains of Mtb. In addition, it was found that the expression of isoniazid resistance genes, including inhA, katG, and the secretion of cytokines TNFα and IL6 under the influence of this drug delivery system is well regulated.
Conclusion
This nano-drug delivery method combined with host targeted molecules could be a game-changer in the development of a new generation of antibiotics that have high therapeutic efficiencies, low side effects and have the potential to overcome the problem of drug-resistance.