bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of high-resolution nuclear emulsion plates for synchrotron X-ray topography observation of large-size semiconductor wafers
Authors: Harada Shunta , Nishigaki Taketo , Kitagawa Nobuko , Ishiji Kotaro , Hanada Kenji , Tanaka Atsushi , Morishima Kunihiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Characterization of defects in semiconductor wafers is essential for the development and improvement of semiconductor devices, especially power devices. X-ray topography (XRT) using synchrotron radiation is one of the powerful methods used for defect characterization. To achieve detailed characterization of large-size semiconductor wafers by synchrotron XRT, we have developed nuclear emulsion plates achieving high resolution and wide dynamic range. We have shown that higher-resolution XRT images could be obtained using emulsions with smaller iodobromide crystals and demonstrated clear observation of threading edge dislocations in a SiC epitaxial layer having small contrast. Furthermore, we demonstrated XRT image acquisition for almost all of a 150-mm SiC wafer with one plate. Our development will contribute to advances in electronic materials, especially in the field of power electronics, in which defect characterization is important for improving the performance and yield of devices.
Knowledge and Attitude toward COVID-19 Vaccination among University Students: A Cross- Sectional Study in Garowe, Puntland-Somalia
Authors: BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Ahmed Mohamed Ali , Jamil Safayet , Khan Ayub , Ame Tahmina Sultana , Muhammad Faisal , Chowdhury ABM Alauddin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic dismantles the healthcare system across the globe, especially, the war-torn country, Somalia based in the ‘Horn of Africa’. In order to tackle the surge of this pandemic, vaccination is considered as one of the most powerful preventive interventions. This study aimed to explore the level of knowledge and attitude towards this vaccination among the university students located in the Garowe, Puntland state of Somalia. The study participants were joined this cross-sectional research through purposively sampling technique. Data were collected from three different universities based in Garowe were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS version-20). The majority of the respondents (61%) were aged between 20–25 years. The mean score of knowledge was 8.99±2.19 with range (5-11). Nearly 60.0% participants had knowledge score more than mean score. About 61% of the respondents reported that the vaccine can protect against COVID-19, 27% responded that they don’t know anything about the vaccine, and 12% reported that the vaccine can cause the disease. 30% of the respondents mentioned that the vaccine is not available in their country. About 70.4% of the respondents believe that the COVID-19 vaccine has no side effects. The mean score of attitudes towards covid 19 vaccination was 6.21±2.85 with range (1-10). Only 30.0% had attitude score more than mean score while 40.1%, 39.8% and 20.1% had good, average and poor attitude towards covid 19 vaccination. A further study with a large sample encompassing a higher number of universities across the states of Somalia bears a greater level of potentialities in policy formulation.
Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of venous trophic ulcers: results from the experiment
Authors: Boldin B. V. , Turkin P. Yu. , Oettinger A. P. , Bogachev V. Yu. , Somov N. O. , Kuzmin S. G. , Loschenov V. B. , Mikhaleva L. M. , Midiber K. Yu. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Today, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) becomes more and more popular, because of it pronounced bactericidal activity, anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, no animal model studies have been conducted on morphological changes in cells after exposure to PDT on venous ulcers (VU) when using different types of photosensitizers (PS). The problem of comparing morphological changes in tissues when using a-PDT vs conventional PDT have not yet been resolved.Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of PDT and APDT in a comprehensive examination of trophic ulcers in an in vivo experiment and compare them with standard methods for the treatment of VLU.Materials and мethods. A series of experiments was conducted on 21 rabbits, separated into 3 equal groups of 7 rabbits each. Venous trophic ulcer was originally modeled for all rabbits. To obtain a VU, we performed an additional ligation of v. femoralis. The control group received standard therapy for VU. The PDT group had PDT with Photosens. The a-PDT group underwent a-PDT using Cholosens. Every 3 days, picture of local inflammation, regeneration rate and ulcer volume were determined. A morphological study of VLU was carried out on the first, 9th and 15th days.Results. The a-PDT group, day 15: 100% wound epithelization. Control group, day 21st: The volume of wounds decreased on average by 50%. The PDT group: 100% wound epithelization. The morphological study indicated a positive trend in the a-PDT group compared with PDT and control groups, which resulted in a decrease in the total mass of necrotic detritus, a change in the quantitative and qualitative composition of inflammatory infiltrate.Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that the use of a-PDT is recommended in treatment of VLU. Both PDT and a-PDT methods showed better results in comparison with standard therapy.
A glass matrices-assisted quantum dots-based biosensor for selective capturing and detection ofEscherichia coli
Authors: Pant Anjali , Kaur Taranvir , Sharma Teenu , Singh Joga , Suttee Ashish , Barnwal Ravi Pratap , Kaur Indu Pal , Singh Gurpal , Singh Bhupinder 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBacterial contamination of water and food is a grave health concern rendering humans quite vulnerable to disease(s), and proving, at times, fatal too. Exploration of the novel diagnostic tools is, accordingly, highly called for to ensure rapid detection of the pathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli. The current manuscript, accordingly, reports the use of silane-functionalized glass matrices and antibody-conjugated cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) for efficient detection of E. coli. Synthesis of QDs (size: 5.4–6.8 nm) using mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) stabilizer yielded stable photoluminescence (∼62%), corroborating superior fluorescent characteristics. A test sample, when added to antibody-conjugated matrices, followed by antibody-conjugated CdTe-MPA QDs, formed a pathogen-antibody QDs complex. The latter, during confocal microscopy, demonstrated rapid detection of the selectively captured pathogenic bacteria (10 microorganism cells/10 μL) with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. The work, overall, encompasses establishment and design of an innovative detection platform in microbial diagnostics for rapid capturing of pathogens in water and food samples.
Synthesis of layered double hydroxide-based hybrid electrode for efficient removal of phosphate ions in capacitive deionization
Authors: Geng Xiusen , Kuai Jiangshan , Ren Xiaohua , Guo Weilin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The removal of phosphate ions by capacitive deionization has become one of the most frontier research topics in the water treatment field in recent years. In this work, hybrid electrodes composed of nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) – anchored on activated carbon fiber (ACF)–were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and subsequently applied in capacitive deionization to remove phosphate ions. The adsorption performance of the two hybrid electrodes on phosphate ions was compared by capacitive deionization experiments. The experiment was carried out for 3 hours to reach equilibrium, and the optimum adsorption of 33.48 mg/g was obtained using NiFe-LDH/ACF-2 hybrid electrode at room temperature (25 °C) and pH = 6.0. The results showed that increasing the loading capacity of NiFe-LDH on ACF might enhance the adsorption capacity of phosphate ions. Furthermore, the calculation of adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms elucidated that the adsorption capacity increased with the increasing of applied voltage. Meanwhile, the experimental data were fitted well with pseudo-first-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherms. Notably, it was observed that the pH first increased, then decreased during the adsorption due to the electrolysis of water, while the form of phosphate ions was transformed, with low pH favoring the adsorption of phosphate ions.
Déficit de 5 alfa-reductasa. Estimulación pre-quirúrgica con gel de dehidrotestosterona en un paciente
Authors: Rosario Carmen , Ovalle Radhames , Morla Elbi , Vargas Eliana , Almanzar Rosario , Mejia Alberto , Suarez Stephane , Rivera Lunisol , Burgos Michelle , Vasquez Ruiz Ana Patricia 
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la deficiencia de 5 alfa reductasa es una enfermedad rara que produce alteración en el desarrollo sexual y cuya prevalencia se desconoce, pero que ha sido descrita en poblaciones con genealogías comunes en áreas de la República Dominicana, Turquía, Líbano y Papúa Nueva Guinea.
Material y métodos: presentamos un paciente preescolar que acude a consulta de revisión por presencia de masas en labios mayores bilaterales y ligero crecimiento del clítoris desde el nacimiento; procedente de un área del sur del país, conocida por registrar casos de anomalías de la diferenciación sexual por déficit de 5 alfa reductasa. Genitales externos de aspecto femenino, masas bilaterales de 2 ml en labios mayores, clítoris de 2 cm con ligera hipertrofia e introito vaginal. Se realizó cariotipo, determinaciones basales de testosterona y dihidrotestosterona, así como estudios sonográficos. Se aplicó gel de dihidrotestosterona a 0,2 mg/kg diarios en zona genital durante 4 meses previo la cirugía.
Resultados: el cariotipo fue 46xy. Relación Testosterona/Dihidrotestosterona: 41,25 Ecografía genital: dos (2) estructuras con características de testículos de dimensiones y morfología conservadas. Se realizó genitoplastia masculinizante. Después de 4 meses de aplicación diaria del preparado, se comprobó un crecimiento longitudinal del falo de 4,5 cm y una circunferencia de 4 cm.
Conclusión: la reconstrucción o genitoplastia a edades tempranas ofrece mejores resultados con la aplicación previa de dihidrotestosterona local.
Serie de casos: difteria en el Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral, Semana Epidemiológica 1-20, año 2021
Authors: Mancebo García Pablo , Almonte Luz Scarlett María , Gilbert Acerina , Lirano Rosmery , Peña Viviana , Reynoso Madelin 
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la difteria es una enfermedad infecciosa causada, principalmente, por cepas toxigénicas del Corynebacterium diphtheriae, las infecciones locales pueden afectar tanto el tracto respiratorio como el sistema tegumentario.1, 2 En República Dominicana, el último brote de difteria ocurrido data del año 2004. Posterior al mismo, la incidencia de esta enfermedad ha experimentado una disminución considerable, registrándose un promedio de 2.6 casos por año (rango= 1-7) en los últimos cinco años. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir 21 casos probables de difteria notificados durante el período enero-mayo 2021.
Método: se realizó un reporte descriptivo a partir del análisis retrospectivo del formulario único de notificación de caso y los expedientes de 21 pacientes con diagnóstico probable de difteria, que fueron admitidos al Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral, durante el período enero-mayo de 2021.
Resultados: el grupo de edades más afectado fue el de los niños entre 1-4 años con 11 casos (52 %). Se presentó historia de estatus de inmunización incompleto en 19 casos (90.5 %). Se confirmó el diagnóstico de difteria en nueve casos (42.9 %). La antitoxina diftérica (DAT) fue administrada en 17 casos (81 %), 11 de estos pacientes resultaron fallecidos y 6 sobrevivieron, mientras que, de los 4 pacientes que no recibieron la (DAT) (19 %) 1 falleció (p= 0.272). La semana epidemiológica con mayor registro de inicio de casos fue la semana quince con 6 casos (28 %). El tipo de complicación más frecuente fue la insuficiencia respiratoria, presentada en un 50 % de los casos.
Conclusiones: de los 21 casos, 12 fallecieron, lo cual representa una tasa de letalidad de un 58 %, cifras que superan la tasa de letalidad de un 32 % registrada en el brote del año 2004. Se presentó historia de estatus de inmunización incompleto en 19 casos (90.5 %), lo cual sugiere que uno de los detonantes del brote sea la caída de la inmunidad inducida por las vacunas en el tiempo, y la falta de dosis de refuerzos. Considerando las limitaciones de producción y distribución de la toxina que aún prevalecen y afectan mayormente a países en vías de desarrollo, el hecho de que un 81 % de la totalidad de los pacientes recibió la DAT es un dato sobresaliente en comparación con otros países de las Américas.
POTENTIAL TESTING OF WASTE SKIN ONION (Allium ascalonicum) AS A LARVACIDE AGAINST THE DEATH OF MOSQUITO LARVAS Culex sp
Authors: Rahmayanti Rahmayanti , Hadijah Siti , Fitriana Fitriana 
Published: November 2022

Diseases caused by mosquitoes continue to be the leading cause of illness and death worldwide. Malaria, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever are diseases that are clearly transmitted by mosquitoes of the genera Anopheles, Culex and Aedes. In addition, mosquitoes in the Culex genus have also been identified as the main vectors that transmit WNV (West Nile Virus) in several countries. One of the efforts to eradicate mosquitoes is to break the chain of mosquito distribution by eradicating mosquito nests and killing mosquito larvae. The use of abate insecticides as larvicides can be the most common way of controlling the growth of mosquito vectors. The use of abate for a long time will cause resistance or the larvae will be immune to abate (insecticide). Shallot skin has the potential to be developed as a biolarvicide for Culex sp mosquito larvae due to its phytochemical compounds. Onion peel waste was proven positive for containing alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective concentration of onion peel waste powder (Allium ascalonicum) and the effective LC50 of onion peel waste powder (Allium ascalonicum) as larvicides against the death of Culex sp mosquito larvae at an effective powder concentration of 0.025 gr/ml, 0.05 gr. /ml, 0.075 gr/ml and 0.1 gr/ml. This type of research is an experimental laboratory, carried out from August to September 2021 at the Microbiology Laboratory of D III Study Program Medical Laboratory Technology, Health Poltekkes, Aceh Ministry of Health. The sample of this study was 325 larvae of Culex sp Instar III mosquito larvae. The treatments consisted of 4 effective concentrations of onion peel powder 0.025 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml, 0.075 g/ml and 0.1 g/ml and a negative control (Water) with 3 repetitions. Each treatment group contained 25 larvae. The data obtained were analyzed using the formula for the percentage of mortality of Culex sp larvae and the Probit analysis test to calculate the LC50. The results showed that the average larval mortality at a concentration of 0.025 gr/ml was 8 birds (32%), a concentration of 0.05 gr/ml was 9 birds (37%), a concentration of 0.075 gr/ml was 11 (44%), and the concentration of 0.1 g/ml is 16 animals (64%). While the negative control did not show death. And the LC50 value at 24 hours after treatment from the concentration of onion peel powder was 0.075%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that onion peel powder (Allium ascalonicum) has the potential as a natural larvicide against the mortality of Culex sp larvae with LC50 obtained at an effective concentration of 0.075% powder. Keywords: Onion peel powder, Larvicide, Culex sp
Musiklärares arbete med bedömning och betygsättning – yttre och personliga omständigheter som påverkar praktiker samt möjliga subjektspositioner
Authors: Antonsson Johanna 
Published: November 2022

I Sveriges grundskolor använder musiklärare en stor del av sin arbetstid till arbete som rör bedömning och betygsättning. Fem musiklärare har i denna studie intervjuats med syftet att ta reda på hur de konstruerar sina bedömnings- och betygsättningspraktiker genom att undersöka vilka omständigheter som inverkar på dessa. Studiens vetenskapsteoretiska förankring finns i socialkonstruktionismen; teachers’ visions och subjektspositionering används som operationaliserade teoretiska begrepp och bedömningsteoretiska begrepp utgör ämnesspecifik teori. Resultaten visar deltagarnas praktik som påverkad av många yttre omständigheter, men att det ändå finns flera tillgängliga subjektspositioner för musiklärare inom deras bedömningspraktik.
Abstract in EnglishMusic Teachers’ Work with Assessment and Grading – External and Personal Circumstances That Are Affecting Practices and Possible Subject PositionsMusic teachers in Swedish compulsory schools spend much of their time with work concerning assessment and grading. In this study, five music teachers have been interviewed with the purpose of finding out how they construct their assessment and grading practices by inquiring into by what circumstances their practices are affected. The study’s theoretical foundation lies within social constructionism, teachers’ visions and subject positioning are used as operationalised theoretical concepts, and concepts from assessment theory make up the subject specific theory. The results show the participants’ practices being affected by several external circumstances. Nevertheless, there are multiple available subject positions for music teachers within their assessment practice.
Dampak Perceraian Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial-Emosi Remaja
Authors: Titalessy Angel , Endang Kusumiati Ratriana Yuliastuti 
Published: November 2022

Perceraian seringkali dianggap sebagai penyelesaian yang tepat untuk mengakhiri sebuah hubungan rumah tangga yang tidak harmonis. Ketika perceraian terjadi tidak hanya suami dan istri yang merasakan dampaknya tetapi anak dalam keluarga tersebut juga ikut merasakan dampak dari perceraian. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pekembangan sosial-emosi pada anak yang menjadi korban perceraian orang tua terkhususnya remaja, dengan tujuan mengetahui dampak perceraian orang tua terhadap perkembangan sosial dan emosi remaja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif, menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara secara mendalam, yang melibatkan 3 partisipan dengan rentang usia 11-20 tahun dari keluarga bercerai yang berdomisili di Kota Jayapura. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ketiga partisipan merasakan dampak yang cukup merubah diri mereka akibat dari perceraian orang tua. Dampak yang dirasakan partisipan tidak hanya dampak negatif namun ada dampak positif yang juga dirasakan, yaitu dampak negatif dan positif dalam perkembangan sosial partisipan dengan orang lain, serta dampak positif terhadap perkembangan emosi partisipan.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI 8 KABUPATEN TEBO DALAM PROGRAM SCHOOL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN SISWA MANDIRI EKONOMI
Authors: Inang Inang , Hajar Thaitami Siti , Agung Mulia Fajar 
Published: November 2022

iSMK sebagai ilembaga pendidikan imenengah selama ini ihanya dipersiapkan untuk mengisi ilapangan pekerjaan iyang ada belum sebagai pencipta lapangan kerja. Sementara perguruan tinggi yang diharapkan penghasil lulusan iyang memiliki pengetahuan, iketerampilan, daya kreasi dan daya juang yang tinggi untuk membuka dan mengembangkan lapangan kerja juga belum berhasil menjalankan tugasnya. iHal tersebut idisebabkan karena model dan/atau metode pembelajaran yang digunakan belum mampu menginternalisasikan sikap, jiwa dan ikarakter wirausaha kepada peserta didik. Selama ini metodexpembelajaran kewirausahaan yangxberlangsung di SMK iumumnya iceramah, penugasan menjual produk, serta pengamatan.xSehingga pendidikan kewirausahaan perlu direvitalisasi yang meliputi; ipenataan kurikulum, peran sekolah, pengorganisasian prosesvpembelajaran, pembenahan pada diri guru agar mampu menghasilkan lulusan yang berdaya isaing. iPembelajaran ikewirausahaan hendaknya berlangsung isecara interaksi inspiratif, interaktif, imenantang, menyenangkan, dan memotivasi.Modelxpembelajaranxyang cocokxuntuk tingkat SMK adalahxmodel pembelajaran koperatif Model grup Entitas (MGE). MGE merupakan pembelajaran secara kelompok yang terdiri dari unit-unit usaha yang saling berkaitan. Sedangkan model pembelajaran kewirausahaan yang relevan untuk tingkat perguruan adalah : metode group iproject, lecturesi, writingi essayi, case study,xwritingxbusiness plan, irole playing, business isimulation, video, iintercaction with ientrepreneurs.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL RIAS FANTASI TEMA FLORA DENGAN TEKNIK MANUAL DAN TEKNIK AIRBRUSH
Authors: PEBRINA DHIYA PEBRINA , Astuti Murni 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to see the difference in the effect of the flora theme fantasy make-up with manual techniques and airbrush techniques. This type of research is experimental. The research sample was 4 people. The analysis technique uses descriptive statistical techniques. The data collection technique was purposive sampling. Descriptive data analysis techniques by displaying the mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values. Bivariate analysis using independent-sample ttest with a confidence degree of 90%. The results of the flora theme fantasy make-up using manual techniques based on statistical calculations, it was found that the highest value was in the flatness aspect of the results, namely 2.64 which had fine criteria, time efficiency had 2.57 with fast criteria, and color sharpness had a value of 2.21 with sharp criteria. Meanwhile, the results of the flora theme fantasy make-up using the airbrush technique based on statistical calculations, it was found that the highest value was in the aspect of time efficiency and the flatness of the results with a value of 3.71 having very fast and very smooth criteria, on the aspect of color sharpness it had an average of 3.64 with very sharp criteria. There are differences in the results of fantasy makeup on flora themes using manual techniques and airbrush techniques in the aspect of time efficiency (p = 0.000), on the aspect of flatness of the results (p = 0.000), and on the aspect of color sharpness (p = 0.000).
THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL SALT AND ACID ON THE HYDROPHOBIC LAYER OF NANOCOMPOSITE SILICA/POLYSTYRENE (SiO2/PS) ON THE STABILITY PROPERTIES OF UV
Authors: Wahyuni Yola Sri , Ratnawulan - 
Published: November 2022

In nature there is a phenomenon. Which this phenomenon can be seen in the lotus leaf and taro leaves. a phenomenon called hydropobic (water repellent) properties. This research is a previous research. On application, the hydrophobic coating will mostly break down quickly when applied outside or in harsh environments. So it is very important to develop a durable hydrophobic layer, especially the stability properties against Ultra Violet (Uv). Therefore, this study aims to see the effect of adding salt and acid to the hydrophobic silica / polystyrene nanocomposite (SiO2 / PS) layer on the stability of the Uv. with a polystyrene composition of 0.5 grams and 0.2 grams of silica powder and 0.4 grams of salt and 0.4 grams of acid. The coating method used is the spin coating method and the Uv stability test on the hydrophobic layer is done by drying the layers for one hour under direct sunlight. The results of this study were the contact angle measurements using imagej software, and the crystal grain size by SEM (Scanning electron microscop). UV stability can be seen by changing the contact angle in each sample where the contact angle that can be before irradiation is acid added salt (120.1490C), salt (100.3630C), acid (128.5910C), without mixture (133.6680C) ) and after irradiation is. Salt (92.970C), unmixed (98.1440C), acid added salt (92.1150C), acid (141.5750C). These results may indicate that acid coating is more likely to use hydrophobic / self-cleaning surfaces in harsh environments such as high Uv irradiation, and outdoor applications.