bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial adaptation in cancer drug resistance: prevalence, mechanisms, and management
Authors: Jin Ping , Jiang Jingwen , Zhou Li , Huang Zhao , Nice Edouard C. , Huang Canhua , Fu Li 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDrug resistance represents a major obstacle in cancer management, and the mechanisms underlying stress adaptation of cancer cells in response to therapy-induced hostile environment are largely unknown. As the central organelle for cellular energy supply, mitochondria can rapidly undergo dynamic changes and integrate cellular signaling pathways to provide bioenergetic and biosynthetic flexibility for cancer cells, which contributes to multiple aspects of tumor characteristics, including drug resistance. Therefore, targeting mitochondria for cancer therapy and overcoming drug resistance has attracted increasing attention for various types of cancer. Multiple mitochondrial adaptation processes, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial metabolism, and mitochondrial apoptotic regulatory machinery, have been demonstrated to be potential targets. However, recent increasing insights into mitochondria have revealed the complexity of mitochondrial structure and functions, the elusive functions of mitochondria in tumor biology, and the targeting inaccessibility of mitochondria, which have posed challenges for the clinical application of mitochondrial-based cancer therapeutic strategies. Therefore, discovery of both novel mitochondria-targeting agents and innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches is urgently required. Here, we review the most recent literature to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial stress adaptation and their intricate connection with cancer drug resistance. In addition, an overview of the emerging strategies to target mitochondria for effectively overcoming chemoresistance is highlighted, with an emphasis on drug repositioning and mitochondrial drug delivery approaches, which may accelerate the application of mitochondria-targeting compounds for cancer therapy.
Improving the intensive care experience from the perspectives of different stakeholders
Authors: Latour Jos M. , Kentish-Barnes Nancy , Jacques Theresa , Wysocki Marc , Azoulay Elie , Metaxa Victoria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe intensive care unit (ICU) is a complex environment where patients, family members and healthcare professionals have their own personal experiences. Improving ICU experiences necessitates the involvement of all stakeholders. This holistic approach will invariably improve the care of ICU survivors, increase family satisfaction and staff wellbeing, and contribute to dignified end-of-life care. Inclusive and transparent participation of the industry can be a significant addition to develop tools and strategies for delivering this holistic care. We present a report, which follows a round table on ICU experience at the annual congress of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. The aim is to discuss the current evidence on patient, family and healthcare professional experience in ICU is provided, together with the panel’s suggestions on potential improvements. Combined with industry, the perspectives of all stakeholders suggest that ongoing improvement of ICU experience is warranted.
TN-GTN: fault diagnosis of aircraft wiring network over edge computing
Authors: Wang Tian , Fang Qiang , Liu Gongping , Chi Meng , Luo Yuanqi , Shen Jianming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFault diagnosis of the aircraft wiring network plays an important role in the intelligent manufacture of the aircraft. Many studies focus on the feature-based machine learning methods. However, these methods are improper in handling the data on heterogeneous graphs. Due to the scatter of the valid feature information, the relevant information between the test nodes is ignored by these methods, which leads to the low accuracy fault diagnosis. Taking the advantage of the 5G technology that can remotely process large-scale graph data, this work proposes a fault diagnosis method named “topological network-graph transformer network (TN-GTN).” TN-GTN can improve the fault diagnosis accuracy through feature enhancement and classification, which is based on the topological information of heterogeneous graphs. The graph network is able to learn new graph structures by identifying useful meta-paths and multi-hop connections between unconnected nodes on original graphs. Feature-enhanced test nodes are used to classify the final labels by the artificial neural network. Results of the performed experiment showed that TN-GTN reduced the dependence on domain knowledge and achieved an accurate classification of the fault diagnosis on aircraft wiring network.
On fractional Simpson type integral inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions
Authors: Khan Sundas , Budak Hüseyin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, we prove equality for twice partially differentiable mappings involving the double generalized fractional integral. Using the established identity, we offer some Simpson’s type inequalities for partially differentiable co-ordinated convex functions in a rectangle from the plane $\mathbb{R} ^{2}$

R
2

.
Enlarged integral inequalities through recent fractional generalized operators
Authors: Hyder Abd-Allah , Barakat M. A. , Fathallah Ashraf 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper is devoted to proving some new fractional inequalities via recent generalized fractional operators. These inequalities are in the Hermite–Hadamard and Minkowski settings. Many previously documented inequalities may clearly be deduced as specific examples from our findings. Moreover, we give some comparative remarks to show the advantage and novelty of the obtained results.
Culture as an obstacle for entrepreneurship
Authors: Morales Gloria Leonor Ortiz , Aguilar Juan Carlos Ramos , Morales Katherin Yineth Lozada 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research was aimed to identify the main reasons why entrepreneurs in the city of Ibagué, who structure business ideas and participate in contests and/or calls, do not continue the entrepreneurial process until the creation of their companies. After applying the validated instrument (survey) to more than 100 students from the Universidad de Ibagué and expert advisers from the department of Tolima, made up of universities, entrepreneurs, and public–private institutions, with interests in entrepreneurship; it was possible to recognize that the main reason, why entrepreneurs generate ideas, but not companies, is the cultural factor. The foregoing is based on the fact that Tolima has been a quintessential agricultural department and this situation has contributed greatly to the fact that the entrepreneurial spirit has not been developed in people. Within the research results it was detected that in contrast with other cities of Colombia, like Manizales and Medellín, Ibagué has not been able to consolidate a solid entrepreneurial ecosystem due to the lack of coordination among private, public, and academic sectors, and on the other side, a majority of people from Ibagué do not have family support for the development of their initiatives, being fundamental components for the creation of enterprises. Among the recommendations proposed in the study is the construction of an entrepreneurial ecosystem, because it will allow the participation of the Triple Helix by providing opportunities to all entrepreneurs in the region; in addition, it is considered important that educational institutions, both schools and universities, promote the development of entrepreneurial skills and competencies in individuals involving their families.
Recent advances in chiral nanomaterials with unique electric and magnetic properties
Authors: Kwon Junyoung , Choi Won Jin , Jeong Uichang , Jung Wookjin , Hwang Inkook , Park Ki Hyun , Ko Seowoo Genevieve , Park Sung Min , Kotov Nicholas A. , Yeom Jihyeon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearch on chiral nanomaterials (NMs) has grown radically with a rapid increase in the number of publications over the past decade. It has attracted a large number of scientists in various fields predominantly because of the emergence of unprecedented electric, optical, and magnetic properties when chirality arises in NMs. For applications, it is particularly informative and fascinating to investigate how chiral NMs interact with electromagnetic waves and magnetic fields, depending on their intrinsic composition properties, atomic distortions, and assembled structures. This review provides an overview of recent advances in chiral NMs, such as semiconducting, metallic, and magnetic nanostructures.
Irvingia gabonensis leaf extract scavenges nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in vitro and modulates arsenic-induced hepatic oxidative stress in wistar rats
Authors: Ewere Efosa G. , Okolie Ngozi P. , Ndem Jessie I. , Eze Gerald I. , Oyebadejo Samson A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Arsenic is a carcinogenic heavy metal that contaminates the environment, predisposing the exposed populace to its detrimental health effects. This study investigated the liver protective effect of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ELEIG) in sodium arsenite (SA)-exposed Wistar rats and its nitric oxide (NO.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-scavenging properties in vitro.

Methods
Eleven experimental groups made up of five (5) rats each (weight range 100 - 161 g) were used in this study. Group 1 (normal control) had normal rat chow and water. Group 2 received 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) of SA. Groups 3–8 received SA and graded doses of ELEIG and groups 9-11 had varied doses of ELEIG. Treatment, which spanned 14 days, was by oral gavage. Concentrations of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as activities of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT) and concentrations of total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) were determined using standard procedures. Standard methods were also used to determine the in vitro NO. and H2O2-scavenging properties of the extract.

Results
Exposure to SA orchestrated significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in CAT, MDA, AST, ALT, ALP and GGT and significant (p ˂ 0.05) decreases in SOD and GPx, relative to control. There were insignificant (p ˃ 0.05) differences in TBIL and DBIL concentrations, compared with control. Simultaneous and post-treatment with ELEIG at graded doses, alleviated the noxious effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG scavenged NO. and H2O2 in concentration-dependent manner.

Conclusion
The results suggest that ELEIG possesses potent antioxidant property and combats SA-induced hepatic oxidative stress/toxicity in Wistar rats.
3D printed integrated bolus/headrest for radiation therapy for malignancies involving the posterior scalp and neck
Authors: Hsu Eric J. , Parsons David , Chiu Tsuicheng , Godley Andrew R. , Sher David J. , Vo Dat T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignancies of the head and neck region, encompassing cutaneous, mucosal, and sarcomatous histologies, are complex entities to manage, comprising of coordination between surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy. Malignancies of the posterior scalp are particular challenging to treat with radiation therapy, given its irregular contours and anatomy as well as the superficial location of the target volume. Bolus material is commonly used in radiation therapy to ensure that the dose to the skin and subcutaneous tissue is appropriate and adequate, accounting for the buildup effect of megavoltage photon treatment. The use of commercially available bolus material on the posterior scalp potentially creates air gaps between the bolus and posterior scalp.

Case presentations
In this report, we created and utilized a custom 3D-printed integrated bolus and headrest for 5 patients to irradiate malignancies involving the posterior scalp, including those with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and dermal sarcoma. Treatment setup was consistently reproducible, and patients tolerated treatment well without any unexpected adverse effects.

Conclusions
We found that the use of this custom 3D-printed integrated bolus/headrest allowed for comfortable, consistent, and reproducible treatment set up while minimizing the risk of creating significant air gaps and should be considered in the radiotherapeutic management of patients with posterior scalp malignancies.
A murine model of ischemia–reperfusion: the perfusion with leptin promotes the apoptosis-related relocation of mitochondrial proteins Bax and cytochrome c
Authors: Rosado Loman Wendy Natalia , Cruz Hernández Jarumi Hishel , Gómez-Crisóstomo Nancy Patricia , de la Cruz-Hernández Erick N. , Aguilar-Gamas Carlos Francisco , Martínez-Abundis Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Leptin exerts both protective and deleterious effects on the heart; the first occurs under hypoxia- or ischemia-associated damage, the second is a pro-hypertrophic factor on cardiomyocytes. Therefore, leptin could represent a link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed to investigate the effect of leptin—the same concentration that is frequently measured in obesity and induces cardiac hypertrophy—on murine hearts following an episode of ischemia–reperfusion; moreover, we evaluated the heart's performance, hypertrophy, and activation of apoptosis. Rat hearts were perfused continuously with or without 3.1 nM leptin for one h before and 1 h after an episode of ischemia. Cardiac performance was evaluated, homogenates and mitochondria were prepared for western blot analysis of cardiac actin, leptin receptor, STAT3, pSTAT3, and apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, and caspase 3.

Results
Leptin worsened heart recovery after ischemia (p < 0.05 Control vs IR + Lep of Heart Perform, Fig. 2). Although no hypertrophic response was observed, leptin induced the migration of Bax to the mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol (p < 0.05 Control vs IR + Lep, Fig. 5), essential events in the intrinsic/mitochondrial apoptosis.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that the presence of leptin for 1 h before and after the ischemic insult reduces heart recovery and amplifies apoptotic signaling through the mitochondrial pathway.
Antioxidant potential and antibacterial activities of Allium cepa (onion) and Allium sativum (garlic) against the multidrug resistance bacteria
Authors: Oyawoye O. M. , Olotu T. M. , Nzekwe S. C. , Idowu J. A. , Abdullahi T. A. , Babatunde S. O. , Ridwan I. A. , Batiha Gaber E. , Idowu Nike , Alorabi Mohammed , Faidah Hani 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe increase in the demand for synthetic drugs due to the surge in the cases of drug-resistant infectious organisms has led to the search for new medicines in plants.Some plants have phytochemicals that can serve medicinal purposes.This study focuses on the antibacterial activity and antioxidant potential ofAllium sativumandAllium cepaextract on bacterial isolates isolated from the wound of diabetic patients. Agar well-diffusion method was used for the antibacterial susceptibility.Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coliwere used for this study.The total phenolic content of the extract was determined using standard Spectrophotometric techniques.ResultsThe ethanolic extract of each plant had higher inhibitory effects against the bacterial isolates than the aqueous extracts. The zone of inhibition of each ethanolic section ranged from 3 to 12.5 mm, while the aqueous extracts ranged from 4 to 10 mm. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed at 150 mg/ml inA. sativumethanolic extract when tested againstStaphylococcus aureus,which resulted in a zone of inhibition of 12.5 mm. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts ofA. cepahave higher phenolic content than that ofA. sativum.ConclusionThis research showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both plants vary in their abilities to serve act as antioxidants and antimicrobials.
Sudden vision loss and neurological deficits after facial hyaluronic acid filler injection
Authors: Lucaciu Alexandra , Samp Patrick Felix , Hattingen Elke , Kestner Roxane-Isabelle , Davidova Petra , Kohnen Thomas , Rudolph Jasmin , Dietz Andreas , Steinmetz Helmuth , Strzelczyk Adam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The ongoing expansion of the cosmetic armamentarium of facial rejuvenation fails to uncover the inherent risks of cosmetic interventions. Informed consent to all risks of cosmetic filler injections and potential sequelae, including ocular and neurological complications, should be carefully ensured. We present two cases of complications following facial hyaluronic acid filler injections.

Case presentations
Case 1: A 43-year-old woman presented with monocular vision loss of the left eye, associated ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, periocular pain and nausea, cutaneous changes of the glabella region and forehead, and sensory impairment in the left maxillary branch dermatome (V2) after receiving a hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection into the left glabellar area. On ophthalmological examination, an ophthalmic artery occlusion (OAO) was diagnosed upon identification of a “cherry-red spot”. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a left ischemic optic neuropathy. Supportive therapy and hyaluronidase injections were initiated. A follow-up MRI of the head performed two months after presentation corresponded to stable MRI findings. The patient had irreversible and complete vision loss of the left eye, however, the ptosis resolved.
Case 2: A 29-year-old woman was admitted to hospital a few hours after a rhinoplasty and cheek augmentation with hyaluronic acid, presenting with acute monocular vision loss in the right eye, retrobulbar pain, fatigue and vomiting. In addition, the patient presented a harbinger of impending skin necrosis and a complete oculomotor nerve palsy on the right side, choroidal ischemia and vision impairment. Supportive treatment and hyaluronidase injections into the ischemic tissue were initiated. A small scar at the tip of the nose, vision impairment and an irregular pupillary margin on the right side persisted at follow-up.

Conclusion
These two case reports and the literature review emphasize the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to potentially devastating complications. In order to reduce the risk of vision loss secondary to cosmetic filler injections, practitioners should possess a thorough knowledge of anatomy and preventive strategies.
Clinical significance and management of meniscal extrusion in different knee pathologies: a comprehensive review of the literature and treatment algorithm
Authors: Makiev Konstantinos G. , Vasios Ioannis S. , Georgoulas Paraskevas , Tilkeridis Konstantinos , Drosos Georgios , Ververidis Athanasios 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe menisci are crescent-shaped, fibrocartilaginous structures that play a crucial role in the load transition and distribution of the contact forces along the tibiofemoral articulation. Meniscal extrusion (ME) is a radiological finding, especially in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, for which there has been growing interest in recent years. ME, in the coronary plane, is defined as the maximum distance of the most distal end of the meniscus from the border of the tibial plateau, where the tibial eminences are the most prominent, without taking into account the osteophytes. Although there is still controversy in the literature in respect of the optimal cutoff value, a threshold of 3 mm is considered significant. ME has no specific clinical finding or sign and it is encountered in many knee pathologies. It is associated with either rapidly progressive knee osteoarthritis or early onset of knee osteoarthritis and increased morbidity. In this review, we delineate the clinical significance of ME in various knee pathologies, as well as when, why and how it should be managed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to elaborate on these topics.
Prognostic significance of STAT3 gene expression in patients with glioblastoma tumors: a study from Western India
Authors: Trivedi Trupti , Panchal Kinjal , Bhalala Neha , Trivedi Priti 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), a devastating the most common primary malignant intracranial brain tumors. In India, the incidence of this malignancy is escalating, however, there are very few studies on this tumor entity from Indian population. The present study sought to investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) gene expression in GBM patients from Western India.

Method
STAT3 gene expression using real-time PCR was detected in total 55 GBM patients. The impact of STAT3 aberrant expression on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall (OS) was analysed using univariate and multivariate survival analysis. The data were analysed using SPSS statistical software and p value ≤0.05 was considered as significant.

Results
The aberrant STAT3 expression was found in 85% (47/55) of patients with -1.12 fold change down-regulation in 49% (23/47) and 3.36 fold change up-regulation was noted in 51% (24/47) of patients. In wild type IDH tumors (n=30), down regulation and up regulation of STAT3 was noted in 63% and 27% of patients, respectively, whereas, for IDH mutant GBM tumors (n=25), the incidence of low expression and high expression of STAT3 was noted in 16% and 68% of patients, respectively. Thus, we found that incidence of STAT3 down regulation was significantly high in patients with IDH wild type tumors, whereas, in IDH mutant GBM tumors, the incidence of up-regulated STAT3 was significantly high (P=0.021, χ2=12.81, r=+0.310). In Kaplan-Meier univariate survival analysis, a part from age (P=0.006), tumor location (P=0.025), and KPS score (P=0.002), co-detection of STAT3 up regulation and presence of IDH mutation (P=0.030) remained significant prognostic factors for PFS and OS. In multivariate survival analysis also, co-detection of STAT3 high expression and presence of IDH mutation remained independent prognosticators for PFS (HR=6.45, 95% CI=1.32-31.40, P=0.021) and OS (HR=8.69, 95% CI=1.66-45.51, P=0.010).

Conclusion
For GBM tumors, STAT3 up-regulation and presence of IDH mutations together predicts better survival. This reflects unique molecular etiology for GBM patients. Therefore, they would be useful in the future for targeted therapy and for clinicians they would be useful for better patient management. However, study on a larger sample size is required for validation.
A narrative review of ablative neurosurgery in refractory mental disorders
Authors: Whitehead Thomas , Barrera Alvaro 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYNeurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD) is currently performed in the UK for cases of severe depressive disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder refractory to treatment, under stringent regulations as set out under the Mental Health Act 1983. These surgical procedures appear to be effective for a proportion of individuals in this particularly treatment-resistant cohort. The two ablative procedures currently in use in the UK are anterior cingulotomy (ACING) and anterior capsulotomy (ACAPS). After briefly outlining these procedures, their evidence base and how they compare with other neurosurgical procedures, we suggest two ways in which they could be enhanced in terms of precision, namely the use of stereotactic (Gamma Knife®) radiosurgery guided by magnetic resonance imaging as well as a detailed and expanded standardised psychopathological and neuropsychological assessment both before and after surgery. The latter should involve extended long-term follow-up. We then reflect on how such psychopathological and neuropsychological assessments could help to understand why and how these procedures relieve patients’ suffering and distress.