bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baroreflex activation therapy with the Barostim™ device in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a patient level meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Coats Andrew J.S. , Abraham William T. , Zile Michael R. , Lindenfeld Joann A. , Weaver Fred A. , Fudim Marat , Bauersachs Johann , Duval Sue , Galle Elizabeth , Zannad Faiez 
Published: June 2022

AimsHeart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains associated with high morbidity and mortality, poor quality of life (QoL) and significant exercise limitation. Sympatho‐vagal imbalance has been shown to predict adverse prognosis and symptoms in HFrEF, yet it has not been specifically targeted by any guideline‐recommended device therapy to date. Barostim™, which directly addresses this imbalance, is the first Food and Drug Administration approved neuromodulation technology for HFrEF. We aimed to analyse all randomized trial evidence to evaluate the effect of baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) on heart failure symptoms, QoL and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in HFrEF.Methods and resultsAn individual patient data (IPD) meta‐analysis was performed on all eligible trials that randomized HFrEF patients to BAT + guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) or GDMT alone (open label). Endpoints included 6‐month changes in 6‐min hall walk (6MHW) distance, Minnesota Living With Heart Failure (MLWHF) QoL score, NT‐proBNP, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class in all patients and three subgroups. A total of 554 randomized patients were included. In all patients, BAT provided significant improvement in 6MHW distance of 49 m (95% confidence interval [CI] 33, 64), MLWHF QoL of −13 points (95% CI −17, −10), and 3.4 higher odds of improving at least one NYHA class (95% CI 2.3, 4.9) when comparing from baseline to 6 months. These improvements were similar, or better, in patients who had baseline NT‐proBNP <1600 pg/ml, regardless of the cardiac resynchronization therapy indication status.ConclusionAn IPD meta‐analysis suggests that BAT improves exercise capacity, NYHA class, and QoL in HFrEF patients receiving GDMT. These clinically meaningful improvements were consistent across the range of patients studies. BAT was also associated with an improvement in NT‐proBNP in subjects with a lower baseline NT‐proBNP.
Early changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate post‐initiation of empagliflozin in EMPEROR‐Reduced
Authors: Zannad Faiez , Ferreira João Pedro , Gregson John , Kraus Bettina Johanna , Mattheus Michaela , Hauske Sibylle Jenny , Butler Javed , Filippatos Gerasimos , Wanner Christoph , Anker Stefan D. , Pocock Stuart J. , Packer Milton ,   for the EMPEROR‐Reduced Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: June 2022

AimsSodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) may induce an early post‐initiation decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which does not impact the SGLT2i benefits. The occurrence, characteristics, determinants, and clinical significance of an initial eGFR change among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction require further study. In this study we aimed to describe eGFR change from randomization to week 4 (as percent of change relative to randomization) and assess its impact in EMPEROR‐Reduced.Methods and resultsLandmark analyses (week 4) were performed. eGFR change was available in 3547 patients out of 3730 (95%). The tertiles of post‐initiation % eGFR change for empagliflozin were: tertile 1 (T1) ≤−11.4%; T2 ≥−11.4% to ≤−1.0% and T3 ≥0.0%. The placebo group tertiles were: T1 ≤−6.5%; T2 ≥−6.4% to ≤+3.6%; and T3 ≥+3.6%. On average, empagliflozin induced a leftward distributional shift of initial eGFR changes of −2.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 versus placebo. In the empagliflozin group, after covariate adjustment, the risk of cardiovascular and renal outcomes did not differ between patients in whom early post‐treatment initiation eGFR decreased (T1) and patients in whom it increased (T3). However, in the placebo group, patients in whom early post‐treatment initiation eGFR decreased (T1) had a higher risk of sustained worsening kidney function and all‐cause mortality compared to patients in whom eGFR increased (T3) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–4.55 and HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.85, respectively).ConclusionA mild eGFR decrease may be expected after the initiation of empagliflozin, and it is not associated with untoward heart failure, mortality, or kidney safety events. Clinicians should not be concerned with early eGFR changes post‐initiation of empagliflozin.
Design, Synthesis, and Analytical Evaluation of Fsp3‐Inspired Raman Probes for Cellular Imaging
Authors: Steven Craig F. , Lee Martin , Nichol Gary S. , Davey Paul R. J. , Chiarparin Elisabetta , Brunton Valerie G. , Hulme Alison N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe fraction of sp3‐hybdrised carbons (Fsp3) in drug candidates and other biologically relevant compounds has been proposed to be an important physicochemical consideration within medicinal chemistry. Currently available small‐molecule probes for Raman imaging are not optimised for biological applications. We sought to improve upon the highly Raman‐active, yet rigid, lipophilic, and aggregative, bisarylbutadiyne (BADY) motif by introducing Fsp3 character. BADY analogues were designed, efficiently synthesised, and analysed by mass spectrometry – revealing a statistical correlation between compound aggregation and cLogP, but no correlation with Fsp3. However, X‐ray crystallography demonstrated that the modifications to the BADY structure had a marked effect on crystal packing, suggesting Fsp3 may still be important in reducing intermolecular stacking, and thus aggregation, of BADY. Cellular imaging by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy allowed comparison of the intracellular distribution of the tags, guiding the design of future Raman probes.
Service of rapid magnetic variations, an update
Authors: Curto Juan José , Segarra Antoni , Altadill David , Chambodut Aude 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRapid magnetic variations on Earth are intimately linked with solar activity and this is one of the main topics in Space Weather research. Modelling and forecasting these phenomena are vital in our technological society. The Service of Rapid Magnetic Variations provides lists of these remarkable magnetic events in a continuous way in what constitutes a long geophysical series that began in the late 19th century. Although the aim of this Service remains unchanged, methods have changed with time. Here, we describe the recent evolution of the Service, its database and the latest works carried out to improve the products delivered to the scientific society.
Active role of glia‐like supporting cells in the organ of Corti: Membrane proteins and their roles in hearing
Authors: Jang Minwoo Wendy , Lim Jiwoon , Park Mingu Gordon , Lee Jae‐Hun , Lee C. Justin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe organ of Corti, located in the cochlea in the inner ear, is one of the major sensory organs involved in hearing. The organ of Corti consists of hair cells, glia‐like supporting cells, and the cochlear nerve, which work in harmony to receive sound from the outer ear and transmit auditory signals to the cochlear nucleus in the auditory ascending pathway. In this process, maintenance of the endocochlear potential, with a high potassium gradient and clearance of electrolytes and biochemicals in the inner ear, is critical for normal sound transduction. There is an emerging need for a thorough understanding of each cell type involved in this process to understand the sophisticated mechanisms of the organ of Corti. Hair cells have long been thought to be active, playing a primary role in the cochlea in actively detecting and transmitting signals. In contrast, supporting cells are thought to be silent and function to support hair cells. However, growing lines of evidence regarding the membrane proteins that mediate ionic movement in supporting cells have demonstrated that supporting cells are not silent, but actively play important roles in normal signal transduction. In this review, we summarize studies that characterize diverse membrane proteins according to the supporting cell subtypes involved in cochlear physiology and hearing. This review contributes to a better understanding of supporting cell functions and facilitates the development of potential therapeutic tools for hearing loss.
Rearticulating “cultural navigators”: An equity‐minded framework for student success
Authors: Strayhorn Terrell L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudent success is a major goal of policies and programs in higher education. Nearly all institutions have developed new or revised existing programs and services in hopes of boosting retention and graduation rates. To date, scholars have posited several student success models. While useful, these are not without critique, especially in light of recent critical scholarship about equity, identity, and intersectionality that exposes faulty institutional logics rendering some as “outsiders” and others as bona fide members traversing new culture. In this chapter, the author draws upon his sense of belonging theory to rearticulate “cultural navigators” as an equity‐minded framework for student success. Implications for policy, practice, and future research are delineated.
A socio‐ecological perspective on sense of belonging among racially/ethnically minoritized college students: Implications for equity‐minded practice and policy
Authors: Johnson Royel M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, I offer a socio‐ecological perspective on sense of belonging, which is designed to aid institutional actors in facilitating equitable opportunities for racially and ethnically minoritized students to fulfill their belonging needs. Though important, individual, and relational‐level interventions alone run the risk of pathologizing racially and ethnically minoritized students (REM), prioritizing student‐level changes over changes in institutional structures and policies. A socio‐ecological perspective, however, broadens the aperture to account for organizational phenomena that conspire in the othering of institutionally marginalized groups. I delineate three ecological levels for equity‐minded leaders to consider in their efforts to promote student belonging: individual, interpersonal, and institutional.
African American race as a risk factor associated with a second primary lung cancer after initial primary head and neck cancer
Authors: Shao Yusra F. , Kim Seongho , Cramer John D. , Farhat Dina , Hotaling Jeffrey , Raza Syed Naweed , Yoo George , Lin Ho‐sheng , Kim Harold , Sukari Ammar , Nagasaka Misako 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundInitial primary head and neck cancer (IPHNC) is associated with second primary lung cancer (SPLC). We studied this association in a population with a high proportion of African American (AA) patients.MethodsPatients with IPHNC and SPLC treated between 2000 and 2017 were reviewed for demographic, disease, and treatment‐related characteristics and compared to age‐and‐stage‐matched controls without SPLC. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to analyze the relationship of these characteristics with the development of SPLC and overall survival (OS).ResultsEighty‐seven patients and controls were compared respectively. AA race was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing SPLC (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.35–6.66). After correcting for immortal time bias, patients with SPLC had a significantly lower OS when compared with controls (HR 0.248, 95% CI 0.170–0.362).ConclusionsWe show that AA race is associated with an increased risk of SPLC after IPHNC; reasons of this increased risk warrant further investigation.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in high‐risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Costantino Andrea , Canali Luca , Festa Bianca Maria , Spriano Giuseppe , Mercante Giuseppe , De Virgilio Armando 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of our study was to better define the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in high‐risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCHN). A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed according to the PRISMA statement. Seven‐hundred and five patients were included from 20 studies. The pooled SLN identification rate was 98.8% (95%CI: 97.0–99.8). The median number of SLN excised was 3.6 (n = 371, 95%CI: 2.0–4.4). The pooled SLNB positive rate and cumulative regional recurrence rate (RRR) in negative SLNB were 5.6% (95%CI: 2.6–9.6) and 2.9% (95%CI: 0.5–7.2), respectively. The high SLN identification rate demonstrates SLNB feasibility in cSCCHN. The low SLNB positive rate and the relatively high RRR raise some doubts concerning its clinical utility. Further studies are mandatory to define predictors of lymph node metastases able to better select patients that may benefit from a SLNB.
Exposure to alcohol and overall survival in head and neck cancer: A regional cohort study
Authors: Denissoff Alexander , Huusko Teemu , Ventelä Sami , Niemelä Solja , Routila Johannes 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of knowledge regarding the association of alcohol use with overall survival (OS) of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsAll 1033 patients treated for new HNSCC in Southwest Finland regional referral center of Turku University Hospital in 2005–2015. Cox regression analysis was used. Tumor TNM classification, age at baseline and tobacco smoking status were assessed as potential confounders.ResultsA history of severe harmful alcohol use with major somatic complications (HR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.06–1.87; p = 0.017) as well as current use of at least 10 units per week (HR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.16–1.78; p = 0.001) were associated with OS.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption of 10–20 units/week, often regarded as moderate use, was found to increase risk of mortality independent of other prognostic variables. Systematic screening of risk level alcohol use and prognostic evaluation of alcohol brief intervention strategies is highly recommended.
Hesperetin derivative decreases CCl4‐induced hepatic fibrosis by Ptch1‐dependent mechanisms
Authors: Zhu Sai , Chen Xin , Chen Si‐Yu , Wang Ao , Wu Sha , Wu Yuan‐Yuan , Cheng Miao , Xu Jin‐Jin , Li Xiao‐Feng , Huang Cheng , Li Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHepatic fibrosis (HF), a continuous wound‐healing response of the liver to repeated injuries, is characterized by abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are considered a major cell type for ECM production. However, recent evidence indicates the lack of effective treatments for HF. Hesperetin, a Traditional Chinese Medicine monomer, has been isolated from the fruit peel of Citrusaurantium L. (Rutaceae). Growing evidence suggests the partial function of hesperetin in HF treatment. A hesperetin derivative (HD) was synthesized in our laboratory to increase the bioavailability and the water solubility of hesperetin. In this study, we detected the functions of HD in a mouse model of CCl4‐induced HF and transforming growth factor‐β1‐stimulated HSC‐T6 cells, in vivo and in vitro. HD reduced histological damage and CCl4‐induced HF. Moreover, HD interference was associated with the activation of indicators in HSC‐T6 cells, showing that HD is involved in HSCs activation in HF. Mechanistically, the Hedgehog pathway is involved in the HD treatment of HF, and HD may attenuate the aberrant expression of patched1. In conclusion, the studies indicate that HD may function as a potential antifibrotic Traditional Chinese Medicine monomer in HF therapy.
Prevalence and correlative factors of hyperhomocysteinemia in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tao Kun , Li Ming , Ling Jing , Tu Yiji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe occurrence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture (FNF) draws little attention from surgeons preoperatively. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and correlative factors of HHcy in elderly patients (≥65 years) with FNF prior to surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 286 elderly FNF patients aged 65–98 years admitted to our institution from September 2020 to September 2021. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi‐squared test, and continuous variables were compared using the Mann–WhitneyUtest. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the associations of variables with the odds of HHcy.ResultsAmong the 286 elderly FNF patients, the prevalence of HHcy was 30.77% and the mean Hcy level was 14.52 ± 10.49 μmol/L. The mean Hcy level and the prevalence of HHcy in male patients were significantly higher than that in female patients (16.41 ± 9.58 μmol/L vs. 14.00 ± 10.69 μmol/L,p = 0.002; 43.55% vs. 27.23%,p = 0.014). Multivariate analysis indicated that being male patient (OR 2.187, 95% CI 1.187–4.028,p = 0.012), hypertension (OR 1.993, 95% CI 1.141–3.479,p = 0.015), and low HDL‐C (OR 2.979, 95% CI 1.353–6.558,p = 0.007) were significant correlative factors of HHcy among elderly FNF patients.ConclusionsThis study found a high prevalence of HHcy in elderly FNF patients, with being male patient, hypertension, and low levels of HDL‐C as the significant correlative factors after adjusting for age and other covariables. However, further large‐scale studies in wider regions are warranted to confirm these findings.
Feeding behavior ofGammarus aequicaudain the presence of two prey species ofArtemiasp. andBaeotendipes noctivagus
Authors: Shadrin Nickolai , Yakovenko Vladimir , Anufriieva Elena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGammarus aequicaudais the most abundant amphipod species in the Crimean hypersaline lakes, and is predatory upon other invertebrate species, suppressing their populations. The authors studied a time balance during the feeding ofG. aequicaudain the presence of two prey species. The different variants of prey composition were: (1) twoArtemiasp., (2) two chironomid larvae, and (3) oneArtemiasp. and one chironomid larva. The duration of the experiments differed and continued until both prey were consumed. The experiments were carried out in vessels with and without bottom sediments. The result showed that in vessels with and without sediments in the case of both species of prey, the time to the capture of the first prey did not depend on whetherArtemiasp. or chironomid larva was the first prey; the time differences are statistically insignificant. The duration of eating prey in all experimental variants depended on the kind of prey, and those differences were highly significant. The average hourly consumption rate was dependent on prey composition and order of prey capture and eating. The maximum consumption for two prey was when both were brine shrimp. In vessels without sediments and containing bothArtemiasp. and chironomid larva the consumption rate was higher if the first caught prey wasArtemiasp. rather than сhironomid larva. The order of prey eating did not influence a ration size in vessels with bottom sediments. When both prey were chironomid larvae, the total diet did not practically differ in vessels with or without sediments.
Risk Stratification for Pregnancies Diagnosed With Fetal Growth Restriction Based on Placental MRI
Authors: Himoto Yuki , Fujimoto Koji , Kido Aki , Otani Satoshi , Matsumoto Yuka Kuriyama , Mogami Haruta , Nakao Kyoko Kameyama , Kurata Yasuhisa , Moribata Yusaku , Chigusa Yoshitsugu , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Mandai Masaki , Nakamoto Yuji 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDiagnosis of fetal growth restriction (FGR) entails difficulties with differentiating fetuses not fulfilling their growth potential because of pathologic conditions, such as placental insufficiency, from constitutionally small fetuses. The feasibility of placental MRI for risk stratification among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR remains unexplored.PurposeTo explore quantitative MRI features useful to identify pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes and to assess the diagnostic performance of visual analysis of MRI to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes, among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationThirteen pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes (preterm emergency cesarean section or intrauterine fetal death) and 11 pregnancies with favorable outcomes performed MRI at gestational weeks 21–36.Field Strength/SequenceA 5‐T, half‐Fourier‐acquired single‐shot turbo spin echo (HASTE), spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging (SE‐EPI) and T2 map derived from SE‐EPI.AssessmentPlacental size on HASTE sequences and T2 mapping‐based histogram features were extracted. Three radiologists qualitatively evaluated the visibility of maternal cotyledon on HASTE and SE‐EPI sequences with echo times (TEs) = 60, 90, and 120 msec using 3‐point Likert scales: 0, absent; 1, equivocal; and 2, present.Statistical TestsWelch's t‐test or Mann–Whitney U test for quantitative features between the favorable and unfavorable outcome groups. Areas under the receiver operating curves (AUCs) of the three readers' visual analyses to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes. A P value of <0.05 was inferred as statistically significant.ResultsPlacental size (major and minor axis, estimated area of placental bed, and volume of placenta) and T2 mapping‐based histogram features (mean, skewness, and kurtosis) were statistically significantly different between the two groups. Visual analysis of HASTE and SE‐EPI with TE = 60 msec showed AUCs of 0.80–0.86 to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes.Data ConclusionPlacental size, histogram features, and visual analysis of placental MRI may allow for risk stratification regarding outcomes among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 5
Measles epidemiology and viral nucleoprotein gene evolution in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Yuan Chuang , Wang Cheng , Zhu Kongfu , Li Song , Miao Zengmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMeasles, caused by measles virus (MeV), has not been eradicated in many regions and countries, threatening human health. Thus, it is beneficial for measles elimination to understand measles epidemiology and molecular evolution of key viral genes, such as nucleoprotein (N) gene. Based on public data, measles epidemiological information and MeV N gene sequences reported in Shandong Province, China were comprehensively collected and systematically analyzed. The results showed a positive correlation between population density and measles incidence (r = +0.31), while negative correlations were found between measles incidence and healthcare condition (r = −0.21) as well as average routine vaccination rate (r = −0.11). Additionally, the predominant lineage of MeV in Shandong was formed by genotype H1 strains, and the time of the most recent common ancestor of the N gene of MeV genotype H1 in Shandong traced back to 1987 (95% highest posterior density, 1984–1990) with relatively rapid evolution (mean rate, 1.267 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year). The genetic diversity of MeV N gene increased with the substantial emergence of major divergent clades of genotype H1 before 2005 and then remained relatively high and stable. In summary, these findings provided a significant insight into the measles elimination.