bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional traits and their plasticity shift from tolerant to avoidant under extreme drought
Authors: Kramp Rosa E. , Liancourt Pierre , Herberich Maximiliane M. , Saul Lara , Weides Sophie , Tielbörger Katja , Májeková Maria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnder climate change, extreme droughts will limit water availability for plants. However, the species‐specific responses make it difficult to draw general conclusions. We hypothesized that changes in species' abundance in response to extreme drought can be best explained by a set of water economic traits under ambient conditions in combination with the ability to adjust these traits towards higher drought resistance. We conducted a 4‐year field experiment in temperate grasslands using rainout shelters with 30% and 50% rainfall reduction. We quantified the response as the change in species abundance between ambient conditions and the rainfall reduction. Abundance response to extreme drought was best explained by a combination of traits in ambient conditions and their functional adjustment, most likely reflecting plasticity. Smaller leaved species decreased less in abundance under drought. With increasing drought intensity, we observed a shift from drought tolerance, i.e., an increase in leaf dry matter content, to avoidance, i.e., a less negative turgor loss point (TLP) in ambient conditions and a constancy in TLP under drought. We stress the importance of using a multidimensional approach of variation in multiple traits and the importance of considering a range of drought intensities to improve predictions of species' response to climate change.
Value of the HFA‐PEFF and H2FPEF scores in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction caused by cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Tomasoni Daniela , Aimo Alberto , Merlo Marco , Nardi Matilde , Adamo Marianna , Bellicini Maria Giulia , Cani Dario , Franzini Maria , Khalil Anas , Pancaldi Edoardo , Panichella Giorgia , Porcari Aldostefano , Rossi Maddalena , Vergaro Giuseppe , Lombardi Carlo Mario , Sinagra Gianfranco , Rapezzi Claudio , Emdin Michele , Metra Marco 
Published: July 2022

AimsThe HFA‐PEFF and H2FPEF scores have been developed to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and hold prognostic value. Their value in patients with HFpEF caused by cardiac amyloidosis (CA) has never been investigated.Methods and resultsWe evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of the HFA‐PEFF and H2FPEF scores in 304 patients from three cohorts with HFpEF caused by transthyretin CA (n = 160, 53%) or immunoglobulin light‐chain CA (n = 144, 47%). A diagnosis of HFpEF was more likely using the HFA‐PEFF score with 2 (1%), 71 (23%), and 231 (76%) patients ranked as having a low (0–1), intermediate (2–4), or high (5, 6) probability of HFpEF, respectively. Conversely, 36 (12%), 179 (59%) and 89 (29%) of patients ranked as having a low (0–1), intermediate (2–5), or high (6–9) probability of HFpEF using the H2FPEF score. During a median follow‐up of 19 months (interquartile range 8–40), 132 (43%) patients died. The HFA‐PEFF score, but not the H2FPEF score, predicted a high risk of all‐cause death which remained significant after adjustment for age, AL‐CA diagnosis, high‐sensitivity troponin T, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, and echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular global longitudinal strain, left ventricular diastolic function and right ventricular function (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.95, p = 0.002 for every 1‐point increase in HFA‐PEFF).ConclusionsThe HFA‐PEFF score has a higher diagnostic utility in HFpEF caused by CA and holds independent prognostic value for all‐cause mortality, while the H2FPEF score does not.
Modification of Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines through Iron‐Catalyzed Aminomethylenation with Amines and Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Hui , Cui Hai‐Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModification of pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines through Fe(OTf)3 catalyzed aminomethylenation with amines and dimethyl sulfoxide has been realized. A series of highly functionalized pyrroloisoquinolines have been prepared in acceptable to good yields (17–72 % yields). Dimethyl sulfoxide serves as the source of methylene group under a catalytic system. Lactam‐fused pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline can be obtained through simple chemical transformation.
Patient selection for spinal cord stimulation: The importance of an integrated assessment of clinical and psychosocial factors
Authors: Thomson Simon , Helsen Nicky , Prangnell Simon , Paroli Mery , Baranidharan Ganesan , Belaïd Hayat , Billet Bart , Eldabe Sam , De Carolis Giuliano , Demartini Laura , Gatzinsky Kliment , Kallewaard Jan Willem , Winkelmüller Matthias , Huygen Frank , Stoevelaar Herman 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundA previously developed educational e‐health tool considers both clinical and psychosocial factors when selecting patients with chronic pain for spinal cord stimulation (SCS). The validity of the composite recommendations was evaluated in a retrospective study, demonstrating a strong relationship with patient outcomes after SCS.MethodsAn additional retrospective analysis was performed to determine the added value of a psychosocial evaluation as part of the decision‐making process on SCS. Data concerned 482 patients who were considered for SCS in 2018–2019. The analysis focused on the relationship between the different layers of the tool recommendations (clinical, psychosocial, composite) with trial results and patient outcomes at 6 months after SCS. Of the initial study population, 381 patients underwent SCS and had follow‐up data on at least one of three pain‐related outcome measures.ResultsPain improvement was observed in 76% of the patients for whom SCS was strongly recommended based on merely the clinical aspects. This percentage varied by the level of psychosocial problems and ranged from 86% in patients without any compromising psychosocial factors to 60% in those with severe problems. Similarly, the severity of psychosocial problems affected trial results in patients for whom SCS was either recommended or strongly recommended.ConclusionsThe strong relationship between psychosocial factors embedded in the SCS e‐health tool and patient outcomes supports an integrated and multidisciplinary approach in the selection of patients for SCS. The educational e‐health tool, combining both clinical and psychosocial aspects, is believed to be helpful for further education and implementation of this approach.Significance statementThis study confirms the relevance of the psychosocial factors embedded in the educational SCS e‐health tool (https://scstool.org/). The strong relationship between the severity of psychosocial factors with patient outcomes supports conducting a comprehensive psychological and behavioural assessment when determining the eligibility of patients for SCS.
The circular economy approach to evaluating end‐of‐life cost alternatives of solar PV panels: The case of Burnoye‐1, Kazakhstan
Authors: Omar Abylkaiyr , Seilkhan Zanggar , Bissembayeva Gulzhahan , González‐Rodríguez Oscar , Rojas‐Solórzano Luis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe circular economy concept resonates as a new approach to optimize limited resource usage and reduce waste generation. However, the most solar PV power plant analyses do not consider the sustainable disposal of used systems at the end of life (EoL) or at the time for potential refurbishment. The 50 MWp Burnoye‐1 solar power plant in the Jambyl region in Kazakhstan was modeled using the RETScreen Expert platform to determine how the circular economy concept may increase its environmental benefits and impact the levelized cost of produced electricity. Results proved that recycling Burnoye‐1's photovoltaic panels at EoL would increase the project's Net Present profit by almost 0.373 million USD, marginally raising its Benefit–cost and internal rate of return (IRR) on equity by much less than 1% each, with respect to the non‐recycling baseline. However, a significant impact on the 25‐year lifetime GHG emissions is achieved when PV recycling is considered. Recycling the PV panels in Burnoye‐1 at the EoL would add an extra 76.5 ktCO2e emissions reduction, representing an increase of 8.7% in its avoided lifetime GHG emissions. Furthermore, PV recycling may generate local jobs benefitting the neighboring communities. Thus, this study demonstrates that the circular economy approach is viable in Kazakhstan and will help the country meet its goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2060.
Performance analysis based on energy and exergy output of double slope passive and active solar still
Authors: Krishna Tunuguntla Arun Sri Sai , Ritwin Kesari , Tiwari Sumit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper intends to explore double slope passive solar still (DSPSS) with the help of thermal modeling along with experimental validation. Further, a comparative study has been done for active (integrated with disc type concentrator and photovoltaic module) and passive solar still based on improved thermal modeling with suggestions about design. The average thermal efficiency for passive solar still (PSS) and active solar still (ASS) are 17.5% and 21.3%, respectively, which shows active solar still has a 21.71% better performance. The average exergy efficiency for passive solar still and active solar still found to be 2.4% and 3.5%, respectively. Further, optimization of solar concentrating disc diameter has been done for 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 m. The theoretical yield and maximum water temperature found to be 2.83, 3.64, 5.1, 7.3 kg/m2 and 70.02, 75.8, 85.2, and 98.2°C, respectively.
Clay Types Modulate the Toxicity of Low Concentrated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Toward Springtails in Artificial Test Soils
Authors: Fischer Jonas , Talal Ghanem D. A. , Schnee Laura S. , Otomo Patricks V. , Filser Juliane 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) can be applied as an efficient alternative to conventional Cu in agriculture. Negative effects of CuO-NPs on soil organisms were found, but only in clay-rich loamy soils. It is hypothesized that clay–NP interactions are the origin of the observed toxic effects. In the present study, artificial Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development soils containing 30% of kaolin or montmorillonite as clay type were spiked with 1–32 mg Cu/kg of uncoated CuO-NPs or CuCl2. We performed 28-day reproduction tests with springtails of the species Folsomia candida and recorded the survival, reproduction, dry weight, and Cu content of adults. In a second experiment, molting frequency and the Cu content of exuviae, as well as the biochemical endpoints metallothionein and catalase (CAT) in springtails, were investigated. In the reproduction assay, negative effects on all endpoints were observed, but only in soils containing montmorillonite and mostly for CuO-NPs. For the biochemical endpoints and Cu content of exuviae, effects were clearly distinct between Cu forms in montmorillonite soil, but a significant reduction compared to the control was only found for CAT activity. Therefore, the reduced CAT activity in CuO-NP-montmorillonite soil might be responsible for the observed toxicity, potentially resulting from reactive oxygen species formation overloading the antioxidant system. This process seems to be highly concentration-dependent, because all endpoints investigated in reproduction and biochemical assays of CuO-NP-montmorillonite treatments showed a nonlinear dose–response relationship and were constantly reduced by approximately 40% at a field-realistic concentration of 3 mg/kg, but not at 32 mg/kg. The results underline that clay–CuO-NP interactions are crucial for their toxic behavior, especially at low, field-realistic concentrations, which should be considered for risk assessment of CuO-NPs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2454–2465. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Employee experience –the missing link for engaging employees: Insights from an MNE's AI‐based HR ecosystem
Authors: Malik Ashish , Budhwar Pawan , Mohan Hrishi , N. R. Srikanth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnalyzing multiple data sources from a global information technology (IT) consulting multinational enterprise (MNE), this research unpacks the configuration of a digitalized HR ecosystem of artificial intelligence(AI)‐assisted human resource management (HRM) applications and HR platforms. This study develops a novel theoretical framework mapping the nature and purpose of a digitalized AI‐assisted HR ecosystem for delivering exceptional employee experience (EX), an antecedent to employee engagement (EE). Employing the theoretical lenses of EX, EE, AI‐mediated social exchange, and engagement platforms, this study's overarching aim of this article is to establish how AI‐assisted HRM fits into an organization's ecosystem and, second, how it impacts EX and EE. Our findings show that AI‐assisted applications for HRM enhance EX and, thus, EE. We also see increases in employee productivity and HR function's effectiveness. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
Clinical outcomes of Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Al‐Qudimat Ahmad R. , Al‐Zoubi Raed M. , Elaarag Mai , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Hamze Afaf K. , Bawadi Hiba , Yassin Aksam , Assim Aseel , Aboumarzouk Omar M. , Zarour Ahmad , Al‐Ansari Abdulla A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsThe BioNTech‐Pfizer vaccine is the only vaccine offered to children among all available vaccines. However, limited evidence is available about the clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 vaccines, especially among children and adolescents. This review offers a comprehensive and up‐to‐date overview of the BioNTech‐Pfizer vaccine's current information on children and adolescents.MethodsThe review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines; a comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases for research publications COVID‐19 published between December 2019 and October 2021. All studies reporting on the outcomes of vaccinating children in their respective institutes were included.ResultsA total of 78 vaccinated children and adolescents from six studies were included. The majority of symptomatic vaccinated pediatrics were males (71%). The mean age was 15.6 years, and the BMI was 24.1. The most common clinical symptoms were found in chest pain (35%), fever (32%), and myalgia (17%). The most common cardiac symptom in the EKG results was ST elevation, and 35% of vaccinated pediatrics had elevated serum troponin. The hospitalization, including ICU admission, was lower than in unvaccinated groups. Statistically significant associations (p ≤ 0.05) were found in two symptoms (fever and headache) between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated pediatric groups.ConclusionsAlthough we found better outcomes in the vaccinated group versus the nonvaccinated pediatric group, more studies are still crucial to further understand the specific etiology underlying postvaccination, particularly myocarditis, psychological impact, and other cardiac clinical symptoms in children and adolescents after receiving the BioNTech‐Pfizer vaccine.
Effect of standardized root extract of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on well‐being and sexual performance in adult males: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chauhan Sanjaya , Srivastava Manoj K. , Pathak Anklesh K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimIn Ayurveda, ashwagandha is a popular plant for promoting youthful energy, longevity, and overall well‐being. It is also an excellent aphrodisiac herb that aids in the improvement and maintenance of normal sexual health. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of ashwagandha root extract on improving sexual health in adult males.MethodsIn this 8‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, we investigated the aphrodisiac property of an ashwagandha root extract in adult males. Fifty participants with lower sexual desire were randomly allocated to take 300 mg of ashwagandha root extract or placebo capsules twice daily. Outcomes were measured using the derogatis interview for sexual functioning‐male (DISF‐M) questionnaire, serum testosterone, serum prolactin, and short‐form survey—36 quality of life questionnaire before and after the intervention.ResultsCompared to placebo, ashwagandha root extract supplementation was associated with a statistically significant increase in the total DISF‐M scores (mean difference −9.8; 95% confidence interval, −10.73 to −8.87; p < 0.0001; t‐test). It was also associated with a statistically significant increase in serum testosterone levels (−66.52; −80.70 to −52.34; p < 0.0001; t‐test). However, the prolactin level did not change after intervention in both the ashwagandha and placebo groups (−1.06; −2.78 to 0.66; p > 0.05).ConclusionThese findings suggest that ashwagandha demonstrated a significant subjective perception of sexual well‐being and assisted in increasing serum testosterone levels in the participants.
Impacts of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, and diffusion‐thermo effects on unsteady MHD free convective rotating flow of second‐grade fluid with Hall and ion‐slip currents
Authors: Kanimozhi Natesan , Vijayaragavan Rajaram , Shanmugam Karthikeyan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn investigation has been carried out to study the combined impacts of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, and diffusion thermo on unsteady MHD natural convective rotating second‐grade fluid past a semi‐infinite vertical plate with Hall and ion‐slip currents. In this study, velocity slip boundary conditions are considered. To enhance the energy equation by incorporating the effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, and diffusion thermo. The governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by using suitable nondimensional variables to solve these equations analytically, thereby adopting the familiar perturbation technique. The impacts of relevant parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration are illustrated diagrammatically and explained in detail. Shear stress, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are also calculated for engineering purposes and are expressed in a tabular form. Moreover, it is revealed that escalating the second‐grade fluid lessens the velocity profile while the opposite trend is seen for the diffusion‐thermo parameter. It is noted that the thermal radiation and diffusion thermo enhance the thermal boundary layer, while the opposite trend is seen for the Prandtl number. Both the velocity as well as the concentration profile decreases while escalating the chemical reaction. It is also noted that the skin friction lessens while increasing the second‐grade fluid parameter. Nusselt number attains the peak value while increasing the Prandtl number. Sherwood number enhances when escalating the Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter. Our results were correlated with previously published results and it is found to be in good agreement.
The discovery of cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries from the view of interdisciplinarity
Authors: Huang Yunhui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn honor of Professor John B. Goodenough for his 100th birthday, this article tries to find the relationship between the discovery of cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries and the interdisciplinary research in his career. The original ideas of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, and LiFePO4 came from his early research in solid state physics and from his strong knowledge of chemical structure and bonding. Some examples are given to demonstrate the importance of interdisciplinary interactions among materials, chemistry, and physics. With the rapid development of rechargeable batteries, such interdisciplinarity is further extended to engineering, information, and even artificial intelligence. Although there are still many challenges like energy density and safety in the batteries, we are confident that a better solution will be soon found.
How much between‐group wage gaps can be explained by talent allocation frictions in China?
Authors: Li Zhe , Peng Qingyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhat explains huge wage gaps between different hukou and gender groups in China? This paper uses an overlapping generation model with human capital investment and occupational choices to quantify how much wage gaps between these groups can be imputed to two types of talent allocation frictions, labor market discrimination, and human capital accumulation barriers. The calibrated model indicates that the two types of talent allocation frictions can explain a significant proportion (four‐fifths, one‐third, and three‐fifths) of the wage gap between each non‐urban‐men group (urban women, rural men, and rural women) and urban men in 2013. Our counterfactual exercise also shows that eliminating these two frictions since 1995 would result in about half a percentage point increase in China's economic growth rate between 1995 and 2013.
Multilevel Annotation of Germline MEN1 Variants of Synonymous, Nonsynonymous, and Uncertain Significance in Indian Patients With Sporadic Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Kaur Gurjeet , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Santra Mithun , Pal Rimesh , Sarma Phulen , Sachdeva Naresh , Dhiman Vandana , Dahiya Divya , Saikia Uma Nahar , Chakraborty Anuradha , Sood Ashwani , Prakash Mahesh , Behera Arunanshu , Rao Sudhaker D. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is third most common endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia with elevated or nonsuppressed parathyroid hormone levels by parathyroid tumors. Familial PHPT, as part of multiple endocrine type-1, occurs due to the germline mutation in the MEN1 gene. The involvement and the role of germline MEN1 variations in sporadic PHPT of Indian PHPT patients are unknown. Precise classifications of different types of MEN1 variations are fundamental for determining clinical relevance and diagnostic role. This prospective cohort study was performed on 82 patients with PHPT (with no clinical or history of MEN1) who underwent screening for MEN1 variations through Sanger sequencing. Multilevel computational analysis was performed to determine the structure–function relationship of synonymous, nonsynonymous, and variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Of the 82 PHPT patients, 42 (51%) had 26 germline MEN1 variants, including eight nonsynonymous, seven synonymous, nine VUS, one splice site, and one regulatory variation. Five most common germline variations (c.1838A&gt;G, c.1817C&gt;T, c.1525C&gt;A, c.-35A&gt;T, and c.250T&gt;C) were observed in this study. c.-35A&gt;T (5′ untranslated region [UTR]) was associated with recurrence of PHPT (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4; p = 0.04) and subsequent detection of other endocrine tumors (OR = 13.6, p = 0.035). c.1525C&gt;A was associated with multi glandular parathyroid tumor (OR = 13.6, p = 0.035). Align–Grantham variation and Grantham deviation (Align-GVGD), functional analysis through hidden Markov MODEL (FATHMM), and MutationTaster analysis reported the disease-specific potential of VUS and synonymous variations. Significant linkage disequilibrium was observed in c.1785G&gt;A and c.1817C&gt;T (r2 = 0.3859, p = 0.0001), c.1475C&gt;G and c.1525C&gt;A (r2 = 0.385, p = 0.0004), and c.1569T&gt;C and c.1838A&gt;G (r2 = 0.488, p = 0.0001). The detection of MEN1 variations, especially those with disease-specific potential, can prompt early screening for other MEN1-related tumors and disease recurrence. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).