bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For’: Evidence of Directed Search from a Field Experiment*
Authors: He Haoran , Neumark David , Weng Qian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We explore the impact of wage offers on job applications, testing implications of the directed search model and trying to distinguish it from random search. We use a field experiment conducted on a Chinese job board, with real jobs for which we randomly vary the wage offers across three ranges. We find that higher wage offers raise application rates overall, which is consistent with directed search, but can also arise with random search. We also find that higher wage offers raise application rates for job seekers with wage offers above reservation wages and that—among the latter—the increase in application rates is stronger for those with higher reservation wages. The latter two types of evidence are consistent with directed search, but not random search. Hence, our evidence lends support to directed search models.
Sleep Parameters and Plasma Biomarkers for Cognitive Impairment Evaluation in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Chen Xiaohan , Fang Zhuo , Zhao Yike , Cheng Wenbin , Chen Honglin , Li Genru , Xu Jin , Deng Jiale , Cai Xiao , Zhuang Jianhua , Yin You 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesCognitive impairment caused by cerebrovascular disease accounts for more than half of vascular dementia. However, neuropsychological tests are limited by their subjectivity. Additional effective approaches to evaluate cognitive impairment in patients with cerebrovascular disease are necessary.MethodOne hundred and thirty-two patients with cerebrovascular disease were recruited. One hundred participants met the criteria and completed neuropsychological scales. Sixty-nine participants proceeded with polysomnography, and 63 of them had their peripheral blood biomarkers measured. According to Mini-Mental State Examination scores, patients were divided into cognitively impaired and cognitively normal groups. The differences in biomarkers and sleep parameters between the groups were compared, and decision tree models were constructed to evaluate the evaluation ability of these indicators on cognitive decline.ResultsThe integrated decision tree model of sleep parameters yielded an area under curve (AUC) of 0.952 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.911–0.993), while that of plasma biomarkers yielded an AUC of 0.872 (95% CI: 0.810–0.935) in the assessment of cognition status. Then the participants were automatically clustered into mild and severe cognitive impairment groups by multiple neuropsychological test results. The integrated plasma biomarker model showed an AUC of 0.928 (95% CI: 0.88–0.977), and the integrated sleep parameter model showed an AUC of 0.851 (95% CI: 0.783–0.919) in the assessment of mild/severe cognitive impairment.DiscussionIntegrated models which consist of sleep parameters and plasma biomarkers can accurately evaluate dementia status and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. This innovative study may facilitate drug development, early screening, clinical diagnosis, and prognosis evaluation of the disease.
Sparsity of Integral Points on Moduli Spaces of Varieties
Authors: Ellenberg Jordan S , Lawrence Brian , Venkatesh Akshay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Let $X$ be a quasi-projective variety over a number field, admitting (after passage to $\mathbb {C}$) a geometric variation of Hodge structure whose period mapping has zero-dimensional fibers. Then the integral points of $X$ are sparse: the number of such points of height $\leq B$ grows slower than any positive power of $B$. For example, homogeneous integral polynomials in a fixed number of variables and degree, with discriminant divisible only by a fixed set of primes, are sparse when considered up to integral linear substitutions.
Skeletal stem cells: a game changer of skeletal biology and regenerative medicine?
Authors: Zhu Qiaoling , Ding Lei , Yue Rui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSkeletal stem cells (SSCs) were originally discovered in the bone marrow stroma. They are capable of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and stromal cells. Importantly, these bone marrow SSCs localize in the perivascular region and highly express hematopoietic growth factors to create the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. Thus, bone marrow SSCs play pivotal roles in orchestrating osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Besides the bone marrow, recent studies have uncovered diverse SSC populations in the growth plate, perichondrium, periosteum, and calvarial suture at different developmental stages, which exhibit distinct differentiation potential under homeostatic and stress conditions. Therefore, the current consensus is that a panel of region-specific SSCs collaborate to regulate skeletal development, maintenance, and regeneration. Here, we will summarize recent advances of SSCs in long bones and calvaria, with a special emphasis on the evolving concept and methodology in the field. We will also look into the future of this fascinating research area that may ultimately lead to effective treatment of skeletal disorders.
Intravenous Glu-plasminogen attenuates cholesterol crystal embolism-induced thrombotic angiopathy, acute kidney injury and kidney infarction
Authors: Lyubenov Lyuben , Shi Chongxu , Zhao Danyang , Yang Luying , Lei Yutian , Mammadova-Bach Elmina , de Chiara Letizia , Semeraro Roberto , Landini Samuela , Romagnani Paola , Vörg Elena , Devarapu Satish K , Welz Ricarda , Kiessig Stephan T , Anders Hans-Joachim 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Cholesterol crystal (CC) embolism causes acute kidney injury (AKI) and ischaemic cortical necrosis associated with high mortality. We speculated that sustaining the fibrinolytic system with Glu-plasminogen (Glu-Plg) could be a safe way to attenuate AKI and prevent ischaemic infarction upon CC embolism.

Methods
We induced CC embolism by injecting CC into the left kidney artery of C57BL/6J mice. The primary endpoint was glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Results
Starting as early as 2 h after CC embolism, thrombotic angiopathy progressed gradually in the interlobular, arcuate and interlobar arteries. This was associated with a decrease of GFR reaching a peak at 18 h, i.e. AKI, and progressive ischaemic kidney necrosis developing between 12–48 h after CC injection. Human plasma Glu-Plg extracts injected intravenously 4 h after CC embolism attenuated thrombotic angiopathy, GFR loss as well as ischaemic necrosis in a dose-dependent manner. No bleeding complications occurred after Glu-Plg injection. Injection of an intermediate dose (0.6 mg/kg) had only a transient protective effect on microvascular occlusions lasting for a few hours without a sustained protective effect on AKI at 18–48 h or cortical necrosis, while 1.5 mg/kg were fully protective. Importantly, no bleeding complications occurred.

Conclusions
These results provide the first experimental evidence that Glu-Plg could be an innovative therapeutic strategy to attenuate thrombotic angiopathy, AKI, kidney necrosis and potentially other clinical manifestations of CC embolism syndrome.
Comparative effectiveness of guselkumab in psoriatic arthritis: updates to a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Mease Philip J , McInnes Iain B , Tam Lai-Shan , Rajalingam Raji , Peterson Steve , Hassan Fareen , Chakravarty Soumya D , Contré Christine , Armstrong Alison , Boehncke Wolf-Henning , Ritchlin Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe IL-23 p19-subunit inhibitor guselkumab has been previously compared with other targeted therapies for PsA through network meta-analysis (NMA). The objective of this NMA update was to include new guselkumab COSMOS trial data, and two key comparators: the IL-23 inhibitor risankizumab and the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor upadacitinib.Material and methodsA systematic literature review was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials up to February 2021. A hand-search identified newer agents up to July 2021. Bayesian NMAs were performed to compare treatments on ACR response, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) response, modified van der Heijde–Sharp (vdH-S) score, and serious adverse events (SAEs).ResultsFor ACR 20, guselkumab 100 mg every 8 weeks (Q8W) and every 4 weeks (Q4W) were comparable (i.e. overlap in credible intervals) to most other agents, including risankizumab, upadacitinib, subcutaneous TNF inhibitors and most IL-17A inhibitors. For PASI 90, guselkumab Q8W and Q4W were better than multiple agents, including subcutaneous TNF and JAK inhibitors. For vdH-S, guselkumab Q8W was similar to risankizumab, while guselkumab Q4W was better; both doses were comparable to most other agents. Most agents had comparable SAEs.ConclusionsGuselkumab demonstrates better skin efficacy than most other targeted PsA therapies, including upadacitinib. For vdH-S, both guselkumab doses are comparable to most treatments, with both doses ranking higher than most, including upadacitinib and risankizumab. Both guselkumab doses demonstrate comparable ACR responses to most other agents, including upadacitinib and risankizumab, and rank favourably in the network for SAEs.
Impacts of Dutch elm disease–causing fungi on foliage photosynthetic characteristics and volatiles in Ulmus species with different pathogen resistance
Authors: Kännaste Astrid , Jürisoo Liina , Runno-Paurson Eve , Kask Kaia , Talts Eero , Pärlist Piret , Drenkhan Rein , Niinemets Ülo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Global warming affects the abiotic and biotic growth environment of plants, including the spread of fungal diseases such as Dutch elm disease (DED). Dutch elm disease-resistance of different Ulmus species varies, but how this is reflected in leaf-level physiological pathogen responses has not been investigated. We studied the impacts of mechanical injury alone and mechanical injury plus inoculation with the DED-causing pathogens Ophiostoma novo-ulmi subsp. novo-ulmi and O. novo-ulmi subsp. americana on Ulmus glabra, a more vulnerable species, and U. laevis, a more resistant species. Plant stress responses were evaluated for 12 days after stress application by monitoring leaf net CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), ratio of ambient to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ca/Ci) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gs), and by measuring biogenic volatile (VOC) release by plant leaves. In U. glabra and U. laevis, A was not affected by time, stressors or their interaction. Only in U. glabra, gs and Ca/Ci decreased in time, yet recovered by the end of the experiment. Although the emission compositions were affected in both species, the stress treatments enhanced VOC emission rates only in U. laevis. In this species, mechanical injury especially when combined with the pathogens increased the emission of lipoxygenase pathway volatiles and dimethylallyl diphosphate and geranyl diphosphate pathway volatiles. In conclusion, the more resistant species U. laevis had a more stable photosynthesis, but stronger pathogen-elicited volatile response, especially after inoculation by O. novo-ulmi subsp. novo-ulmi. Thus, stronger activation of defenses might underlay higher DED-resistance in this species.
Endoluminal Surgery Using a New Enabling Platform With Working Channels to Facilitate Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in the Treatment of Complex Colorectal Lesions
Authors: Tatar Cihad , Ozgur Ilker , Sapci Ipek , Catalano Brogan , Liska David , Gorgun Emre 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Although endoscopic submucosal dissection provides higher en-bloc resection rates for larger colorectal lesions, it has not been widely adopted because of technical difficulties. Here we present our initial experience with a novel device facilitating endoluminal surgery.

IMPACT OF INNOVATION:
The impact of innovation is the development of an endoluminal device increasing the utilization of the endoscopic submucosal dissection technique with higher success rates and lower complications.

TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a single-center experimental feasibility study involving 15 patients who had undergone endoscopic submucosal dissection between August 2019 and December 2020. The DiLumen C2 device was used selectively in patients with complex colorectal lesions.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS:
Fifteen patients with complex colorectal lesions underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection with a mean age of 64.5 years. The mean lesion size was 40.7 mm. All patients except 1 had an R0 en-bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection resection. There were no procedural or postprocedural complications. The median length of stay was 1 day.

CONCLUSION:
We report the safety and feasibility of the novel endoscopic platform facilitating en-bloc resection of colorectal lesions.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS:
The study needs validation in larger comparative series of patients with longer follow-up.
Evaluation of phakic intraocular lens power calculation using the new Linz-Homburg-Castrop formula and comparison with four conventional methods
Authors: Wendelstein Jascha A. , Hinterberger Sarah , Hoffmann Peter C. , Hirnschall Nino , Koss Michael J. , Langenbucher Achim , Jirak Paul , Bolz Matthias 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the accuracy of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) power calculation in a middle European patient cohort.

Setting:
EyeLaser Clinic, Linz, Austria.

Design:
Single-center single-surgeon retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods:
Patients were included after uneventful pIOL surgery implanting 91 nontoric and toric Visian implantable collamer lens model V4c. Online Calculation and Ordering System (OCOS) software, JPhakic software, Olsen-Feingold formula, Holladay formula, and Linz-Homburg-Castrop (LHC) formula were compared. When possible, lens constants were optimized for the patient cohort. Data of single eye per patient were included. Outcome measures were mean absolute prediction error, median absolute prediction error, mean prediction error with SD, and median prediction error, as well as the percentage of eyes with an absolute prediction error within limits of 0.25 diopters (D), 0.5 D, 0.75 D, and 1.0 D.

Results:
91 eyes of 91 patients were assessed. After application of the Cochran Q test, the Olsen-Feingold formula achieved a significantly lower percentage of eyes within an absolute prediction error of 1.0 D than all other methods.

Conclusions:
In the patient cohort, OCOS software, JPhakic software, and Holladay and LHC formulas showed equal results and can be cross-checked. The LHC formula was not published before. A ready-to-use Excel sheet is available as an addendum.
Perception of visual outcomes in patients after delayed compared with immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery
Authors: Arsenault Roxanne , Hébert Mélanie , You Eunice , Légaré Marie Eve , Mercier Mathieu 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate patient-reported visual outcomes of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) compared with delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS).

Setting:
Tertiary university teaching hospital of Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.

Design:
Prospective observational cohort study.

Methods:
The Catquest-9SF questionnaire was administered on the day of surgery for ISBCS patients and on the day of first-eye surgery for DSBCS patients who underwent cataract surgery between August and September 2021. The questionnaire was administered again 1 month postoperatively for ISBCS patients and 1 month postoperatively after each surgery for DSBCS patients.

Results:
186 patients (ISBCS: n = 152 vs DSBCS: n = 34) were included. At 1 month postoperatively, the Catquest-9SF score of ISBCS patients was significantly lower than that of DSBCS patients after first-eye surgery (P < .001). Furthermore, the ISBCS group achieved significantly better scores on multiple tasks of the Catquest-9SF, such as reading text in the newspaper (P < .001) or reading text on television (P < .001). In multiple linear regression analysis, the type of surgery was the factor most associated with a lower Catquest-9SF score (β = −0.391, P < .001). 1 month after the second-eye surgery, DSBCS patients had achieved similar Catquest-9SF scores compared with ISBCS patients.

Conclusions:
Compared with DSBCS patients, ISBCS patients had significantly greater perceived visual function and fewer vision-related limitations in their daily activities at 1 month postoperatively. This difference lost significance 1 month after the second-eye surgery of DSBCS patients. This patient-reported outcome study did not find evidence of perceived bilateral visual impairment in the early postoperative period after ISBCS.
Nutritional and metabolic management for cystic fibrosis in a post-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance modulator era
Authors: Wilschanski Michael , Peckham Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of reviewThe introduction of highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators has resulted in a paradigm shift towards treating underlying cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) rather than the ensuing complications. In this review, we will describe the impact of these small molecules on growth, nutrition, and metabolic status in people with CF (pwCF).Recent findingResults of clinical trials and real world data demonstrate that these small molecules are having a significant impact of on augmenting body weight, improving nutritional status and reducing gastrointestinal symptom burden. Early treatment can also positively impact on pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function.SummaryNutritional and metabolic management of pwCF needs to change in order to maximize long term health and avoid future complications relating to obesity and increased cardiovascular risk. Longitudinal registry studies will be key to improve our understanding of the longer-term outcome of these new therapies.
Psychosocial considerations in the combined bariatric surgery and organ transplantation population: a review of the overlapping pathologies and outcomes
Authors: Fipps David C. , Sinha Shirshendu , Diwan Tayyab S. , Clark Matthew M. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
This review highlights the salient data of the psychosocial concerns that influence outcomes of bariatric surgery and organ transplantation.

Recent findings
Bariatric surgery has emerged as an important intervention with data supporting substantial and sustained weight loss, enhanced quality of life, remission of obesity-related medical comorbidities, and improved long-term patient and graft survival in transplant patients. Depression, suicide, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, adherence, and psychopharmacology considerations can influence outcomes of both these surgeries.

Summary
Obesity is increasingly prevalent among patients pursuing transplantation surgery, and it is often a factor in why a patient needs a transplant. However, obesity can be a barrier to receiving a transplant, with many centers implementing BMI criteria for surgery. Furthermore, obesity and obesity-related comorbidities after transplant can cause poor outcomes. In this context, many transplant centers have created programs that incorporate interventions (such as bariatric surgery) that target obesity in transplant candidates. A presurgery psychosocial assessment is an integral (and required) part of the process towards receiving a bariatric surgery and/or a transplantation surgery. When conducting a dual (bariatric and transplantation surgery) psychosocial assessment, it is prudent to understand the overlap and differentiation of specific psychosocial components that influence outcomes in these procedures.
Proliferation of Novel Synthetic Opioids in Postmortem Investigations After Core-Structure Scheduling for Fentanyl-Related Substances
Authors: Papsun Donna M. , Krotulski Alex J. , Logan Barry K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
New generations of novel synthetic opioids (NSOs) have emerged to fill a void in the illicit drug markets left by the decline in popularity of fentanyl analogs subsequent to core-structure scheduling of fentanyl-related substances in the United States and China. These new opioids include members of the 2-benzyl benzimidazole (eg, isotonitazene, metonitazene, N-pyrrolidino etonitazene, protonitazene, etodesnitazene), benzimidazolone (eg, brorphine), and cinnamylpiperazine (eg, AP-238, 2-methyl AP-237) subclasses. Novel synthetic opioids continue to be detected in opioid-related fatal overdoses, demonstrating the harms associated with exposure to these drugs. Between January 2020 and December 2021, 384 casework blood samples were reported by our laboratory to contain 1 or more of the prior listed 8 NSOs. Isotonitazene (n = 144), metonitazene (n = 122), and brorphine (n = 91) were the 3 most prevalent substances, with positivity for isotonitazene and brorphine peaking just before the announcement of emergency scheduling. These NSOs have been documented as significant drivers of drug mortality, and this case series described here highlights the challenges medical examiners and coroners face in staying current with emerging drugs. Challenges include regional differences, rapid turnover, short lifecycles, variable toxicology testing, and difficulty in assessing individual drug toxicity in polydrug cases.
Characteristics and Geographic Variation in Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths in the District of Columbia
Authors: Isbey Sarah C. , Howard Mary Beth , Abdulrahman Eiman , Giese Kristinza , Cuchara Breanna , Gourishankar Anand 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sleep-related infant death is a major cause of infant mortality in the United States. In the District of Columbia, infant mortality varies widely among regions (2 to 14 per 1000 live births). The study objectives were to analyze the patient characteristics and related variables to sudden unexpected infant deaths at 2 pediatric emergency department (ED) sites and the geographic patterns of infant deaths and their relationship to social vulnerability. This retrospective cohort study examined infants under 1 year of age presenting with cardiac arrest at 2 ED sites from 2010 to 2020. Analysis showed 81 deaths with a median population age of 75 days (SD, 46 days). The most frequent demographics of deceased patients were African American Black (89%) with Medicaid insurance (63%), born at term gestation (66%), and without comorbidity (60%). The cause of death was most frequently undetermined (32%) and asphyxia (31%). Most cases involved bed-sharing (63%), despite more than half of those cases having a known safe sleep surface available. Infant death location showed that most deaths occurred in areas with the highest social vulnerability index, including near a community ED location. Understanding the etiologies of this geographic variability may enhance sleep-related infant death prevention strategies.
Is Measuring Physical Literacy in School-Aged Children With Cystic Fibrosis or Congenital Heart Disease Needed?
Authors: Noordstar Johannes J. , Sprong Maaike C. A. , Slieker Martijn G. , Takken Tim , van Brussel Marco , van der Ent Cornelis K. , Hulzebos Erik H.J. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
To explore the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and other physical literacy domains in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) or congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods:
In 28 children with CF (n = 10) or CHD (n = 18), aged 7 to 11 years, cardiorespiratory fitness and the following physical literacy domains were measured: (a) physical competence, (b) motivation and confidence, (c) knowledge and understanding, and (d) daily behavior (ie, self-perceived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]).

Results:
Cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with motivation and confidence and self-perceived MVPA. There were no other significant associations.

Conclusions:
Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with self-perceived MVPA, motivation, and confidence in children with CF or CHD.