bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology and Functionalization Dependent Sensing of Dopamine on L‐Arginine Functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
Authors: Saranya S. , Justin S. J. Samuel , Edwin Nimmy , Wilson P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles have been synthesized using L‐arginine as an organic growth modifier, in addition to serving as a functionalization agent by ultrasonically assisted chemical precipitation technique. The influence of Ca2+: arginine ratio and pH of the synthetic medium on the morphology and functionalization of L‐arginine on HA and their collective role in the selective electrochemical determination of dopamine (DA) has been elucidated. The electrochemical behavior of DA at L‐arginine functionalized HA (fHA) containing carbon paste electrodes was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). fHA containing carbon paste electrode exhibits excellent sensing ability toward DA than their counterparts. The role of the morphology of HA and the nature of functionalization of L‐arginine on HA towards sensing DA is related to a plausible mechanism of interaction. The most proficient electrode was found to exhibit a wide linear current response in the concentration range of 5 μM‐ 200 μM, with 0.32 μM as a limit of detection. The practical application of the fabricated electrode was successfully confirmed by the real sample analyses carried out using DA injection as well as in human urine samples.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Symmetrical Supercapacitor Study of 1D Ln‐H2PDA (Ln=La and Sm) Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Lata Singh Deep , Mishra Vineet , Kumar Ghosh Tapan , Ranga Rao G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRare earth based metal‐organic frameworks (RE‐MOFs) are gaining importance in energy storage applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of two new RE‐MOFs (Ln‐H2PDA, Ln=La and Sm) under hydrothermal conditions using pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid (H2PDA) linker. The single‐crystal analysis revealed that La‐H2PDA MOF crystallizes into monoclinic system with P 21/c space group. Sm‐H2PDA MOF also has the same crystal system, which is confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction pattern. These MOFs are evaluated for their charge storage behaviour using conventional 3‐electrode system. Both La‐H2PDA and Sm‐H2PDA delivered high specific capacity of 220 C g−1 (488 F g−1) and 711 C g−1 (1580 F g−1) at a current density of 1 A g−1, respectively. Furthermore, a symmetric Swagelok device (Sm‐H2PDA∥Sm‐H2PDA) has been fabricated using Sm‐H2PDA MOF as working electrodes. The maximum energy density and power density delivered by this device are 18 Wh kg−1 and 3744 W kg−1.
Experimental study on the flexural tensile properties of aligned steel fiber–reinforced reactive powder concrete members
Authors: Yang Kejia , Su Hongzhi , Dai Tao , Li Kunliang , Lin Yiwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo improve the tensile properties of steel fiber–reinforced reactive powder concrete (SFRPC), we prepared aligned steel fiber–reinforced reactive powder concrete (ASFRPC) members by controlling the fiber distribution under a magnetic field. Four‐point bending tests were carried out to examine the flexural tensile properties of the SFRPC and ASFRPC members. In comparison with SFRPC members under the same conditions, we found that the flexural capacity of ASFRPC members increased by 72.4%–149.5%. Moreover, the flexural toughness, residual strength coefficient, and residual load of ASFRPC members were greatly improved. The bearing capacity and toughness of both SFRPC and ASFRPC members were reduced to a certain extent with the increase in the water–binder ratio. The increase in the fiber length and content effectively improved the bending mechanical properties of the SFRPC and ASFRPC members; in particular, the increase in the fiber length significantly improved the deformation capacity of the members.
Hollow Structured Transition Metal Phosphates and Their Applications
Authors: Munkaila Samira , Dahal Rabin , Kokayi Manzili , Jackson Tatyana , Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHollow nanostructures of transition metal phosphate are of immense interest in the existing and evolving areas of technology, due to their high surface area, presence of hollow void, and easy tuning of compositions and dimensions. Emerging synthesis methods such as template‐free methods, hard‐templating, and soft‐templating are discussed in this review. Applications of these hollow metal phosphates dominate in energy storage and conversions, with specific advantages as supercapacitor materials. Other applications, including drug delivery, water splitting, catalysis, and adsorption, are reviewed. Finally, additional perspectives on the progress of these nanostructures, and their existing challenges related to the current synthesis routes are covered. Therefore, with the strategic modifications of the unique properties of these hollow metal phosphates, broader application requirements are fulfilled.
Solar oxidation and removal of arsenic from water: An experimental study
Authors: Mohan Devendra , Verma Rahul , Kushwaha Rohit , Sonam  
Published: July 2022

AbstractArsenic poses a significant threat to both human health and the environment. Arsenic removal through solar oxidation has been investigated in a batch process. Arsenic was artificially added to both deionized and tap water to conduct the experiments. Clean, colorless, transparent, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles were used for Solar Oxidation and Removal of Arsenic (SORAS) experiments. Various parameters including concentration of arsenic, iron, and photo‐catalyst were varied during the experiments. The maximum arsenic removal efficiency obtained was 94% and 88% for deionized water and tap water respectively when ferrous ammonium sulphate and lemon juice were used. Maximum efficiency of 88% and 82% was obtained for deionized and tap water respectively when locally available ferrous alum and glacial acetic acid were used. The change in volume of the photo‐catalyst (lemon juice and glacial acetic acid) also did not affect the SORAS process significantly. Therefore, the recommended volume for the photo‐catalyst was 1–2 ml/L. SORAS can very well be used for areas contaminated with arsenic having concentrations less than 100 μg/L.
Impacts of the policy on exemption of irrigation service fee on irrigation performance, a case study in the Red River Basin, Vietnam
Authors: Van Le Chinh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe policy on irrigation service fee had been adopted in irrigated agriculture in Vietnam for decades but has changed to exemption since 2008. This study surveyed irrigation systems in the Red River basin and found that the ratio of irrigated area to cultivation command area of irrigation system increased from 85% to 91% for a period 2008–2014 thanks to increased maintenance fund for upgrading irrigation systems. Using the Difference in Difference method, the study assessed impact of the policy on on‐farm irrigation performance, agricultural productivity, and household economy at sites across the 44,600 ha of the Cau Son Irrigation System. The analysis found that the exemption policy had a negative and significant impact (p < 0.01) on on‐farm irrigation performance measured by flexibility, reliability, and equity indicators. We found the exemption caused no significant impact on agriculture productivity, cultivation labor, or rice yield in the study area. While net cultivation income of the sample households increased, total income and gross cultivation income of these households were not affected as irrigation service fee accounts for only 1–2% of the total annual household incomes. For improved irrigation performance, it is recommended to revise the current exemption policy and follow a cost recovery approach.
Postoccupancy evaluation of staff, visitors, and three species of animals in a zoo setting
Authors: Snyder Rebecca J. , Barrett Lisa P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPostoccupancy evaluation (POE) was used to assess newly constructed zoo exhibits from the perspective of three user groups: zoo staff, zoo visitors, and the animals. Staff represents a generally understudied user group in zoo‐based POEs. We asked staff to rate the animals' space, the visitors' space, and the staff's space at previous and new exhibits. We also compared zoo visitors' ratings of the animals' behavior and environments, overall exhibit impressions, and the time visitors spent viewing previous and new exhibits. Lastly, we compared activity and space use of a Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis), two red pandas (Ailurus fulgens), and one rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) in their previous and new exhibits. Staff rated animal, visitor, and staff areas higher at the new exhibits compared to the previous exhibits. Visitors also rated several factors higher and spent more time at the new exhibits. The most naturalistic exhibit received the most favorable ratings in all categories and animal activity increased visitor stay time. We found that red pandas were less active in their new exhibit, and the Komodo dragon and rhino showed no difference in activity. The red pandas and the Komodo dragon used more available space in their new exhibits; however, we recommend using Electivity index to examine resource preferences for these species, whose enclosure use has been less studied than large mammals. We emphasize the importance of including staff in zoo‐based POE, make other recommendations for future POE studies, and discuss various factors that could have influenced our results.
American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) weight gain in captivity and implications for captive reptile body condition
Authors: Kruis Faith , Wallwork Madison , Spain Marisa , Rosenblatt Adam E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe body condition of an animal is an indicator of health status and is dependent upon many factors, some of which can vary between wild and captive settings. Despite this, there have not been many studies on how captivity affects body condition relative to wild animal populations. This study explores the body condition of captive and wild American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) because reptiles are frequently overlooked in studies of captive animal health and because alligators are well‐represented in captivity. We collected body condition data from 209 captive alligators and 935 wild alligators throughout Florida and southeastern Georgia and compared the relationships between body condition and body length for each group. We found that captive alligators exhibited significantly higher body condition values as they aged, and that this result was driven by the difference between captive and wild males. Body condition values for captive juveniles did not differ from wild juveniles, but they differed when comparing adults. Our results suggest that factors such as diet and movement rates play major roles in determining alligator body condition and that body condition may be an important metric for monitoring captive alligator health, especially for older adult males.
Web-Based Respondent-Driven Sampling in Research on Multiple Migrants: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Górny Agata , Salamońska Justyna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInternet surveys are the future of migration studies given that migrants engage more and more often in multidirectional movements and reside in multiple destination countries. The richness of the growing variety of geographical and temporal migrant trajectories pose particular challenges for quantitative researchers studying such spatially dispersed populations for which sampling frames are not available. The Web-based Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) method addresses many of the challenges occurring in such a context. However, its implementation is not an easy task and does not succeed in all migratory settings. The goal of this chapter is to outline the opportunities and challenges associated with using Web-based RDS for researching migrant populations. While the RDS method can be powerful in fact-to-face interviews, its usefulness in Internet surveys is debatable. We examine this issue by using the example of a survey of Polish multiple migrants worldwide conducted in 2018–2019. We outline observations from the fieldwork (selection of seeds, formation of referral chains, etc.), and discuss the challenges of using Web-based RDS by focusing on the barriers to referral chain formation related to RDS assumptions and study design. The observed constraints relate to the definition of a target group, the management of incentives online, and the anonymity issues of online surveys.
Computer-Assisted Migration Research: What We Can Learn About Source Questionnaire Design and Translation from the Software Localization Field
Authors: Behr Dorothée 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the technical challenges involved in translating and adapting measurement instruments, i.e., questionnaires, for migration research. The first part outlines good practices in questionnaire translation. In line with the technology-based focus of this book, the second part focuses on computerized surveys and on the interplay between technology, language, and culture. Frameworks from the software localization field are consulted and transferred to the context of computerized multilingual surveys with respect to their impact on source questionnaire design and on translation and adaptation. Real-life examples come from our own experiences in international and migration research, as well as from a review of existing reports and research articles. The main goal of this chapter is to raise awareness of the additional technology layer that impacts translation and adaptation, with an ultimate goal to improve translation and adaptation processes, and the outcomes of migration research.
Molecular species of oxidized phospholipids in brain differentiate between learning- and memory impaired and unimpaired aged rats
Authors: Narzt Marie-Sophie , Kremslehner Christopher , Golabi Bahar , Nagelreiter Ionela-Mariana , Malikovic Jovana , Hussein Ahmed M. , Plasenzotti Roberto , Korz Volker , Lubec Gert , Gruber Florian , Lubec Jana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLoss of cognitive function is a typical consequence of aging in humans and rodents. The extent of decline in spatial memory performance of rats, assessed by a hole-board test, reaches from unimpaired and comparable to young individuals to severely memory impaired. Recently, proteomics identified peroxiredoxin 6, an enzyme important for detoxification of oxidized phospholipids, as one of several synaptosomal proteins discriminating between aged impaired and aged unimpaired rats. In this study, we investigated several components of the epilipidome (modifications of phospholipids) of the prefrontal cortex of young, aged memory impaired (AI) and aged unimpaired (AU) rats. We observed an age-related increase in phospholipid hydroperoxides and products of phospholipid peroxidation, including reactive aldehydophospholipids. This increase went in hand with cortical lipofuscin autofluorescence. The memory impairment, however, was paralleled by additional specific changes in the aged rat brain epilipidome. There was a profound increase in phosphocholine hydroxides, and a significant decrease in phosphocholine-esterified azelaic acid. As phospholipid-esterified fatty acid hydroxides, and especially those deriving from arachidonic acid are both markers and effectors of inflammation, the findings suggest that in addition to age-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, age-related impairment of spatial memory performance has an additional and distinct (neuro-) inflammatory component.
Testing the reliability of monocular obstacle detection methods in a simulated 3D factory environment
Authors: Wenning Marius , Backhaus Anton Akira , Adlon Tobias , Burggräf Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAutomated driving in public traffic still faces many technical and legal challenges. However, automating vehicles at low speeds in controlled industrial environments is already achievable today. A reliable obstacle detection is mandatory to prevent accidents. Recent advances in convolutional neural network-based algorithms hypothetically allow the replacement of distance measuring laser scanners with common monocameras. In this paper, we present a photorealistic 3D simulated factory environment for testing vision-based obstacle detecting algorithms preceding field tests on the safety–critical system. We further test two obstacle detection methods employing state-of-the-art semantic segmentation and depth estimation in a range of challenging test scenarios. Both models performed well under common factory settings. Some edge cases, however, lead to vehicle crashes.
Common Contexts of Meaning in the European Legal Setting: Opening Pandora’s box?
Authors: Ioriatti Elena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe way comparative law methodology is handled by the variety of experiences of normative complexity around the world is, in itself, a stimulating and promising field of research. In particular, the “hybrid” character of the European Union legislation, being juridical and linguistic at the same time, remains the core of comparative law studies, but the dynamic relationship between law and language is constanlty producing ever-changing scenarios, calling for combined scientific approaches. Along with comparative law, semiotics in particular has ensured the proper reading of the complex juridical and linguistic interconnections between the EU legislation and the national courts interpreting and applying them, thanks to its implicit dynamicity and ability to favor the visualization of the real normative semantic flow. By means of a case study, the opening of this “Pandora’s box” will demonstrate that, despite the lack of correspondence among EU categorical and conceptual structure, legal language, court enforcement and spirit of the people (social group), shared contexts of meanings within the EU and the national contexts are already flourishing and become visible when approached from a specifically comparative and semiotics point of view, that's to say as legalformants and assigns andmeta-concepts.
Probabilistic assessment of equivalent fracture aperture constrained on quasi-real-time drilling mud loss data
Authors: Patani S. E. , Colombo I. , Russo E. R. , Chiaramonte M. A. , Guadagnini A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe provide a rigorous workflow to quantify the effects of key sources of uncertainty associated with equivalent fracture aperture estimates w constrained through mud loss information acquired while drilling a well in a reservoir. A stochastic inverse modeling framework is employed to estimate the probability distribution of w. This choice is consistent with the quantity and quality of available data. The approach allows assessing the probability that values of w inferred from mud loss events exceed a given threshold. We rely on a streamlined analytical solution to model mud losses while drilling. We explicitly consider uncertainties associated with model parameters and forcing terms, including drilling fluid rheological properties and flow rates, pore fluid pressure, and dynamic drilling fluid pressure. A synthetic scenario is considered to provide a transparent reference setting against which our stochastic inverse modeling workflow can be appraised. The approach is then applied to a real-case scenario. The latter is associated with data monitored on a rig site. A direct comparison of the impact of data collected through two common techniques (respectively, relying on flow meter sensors or pump strokes) on the ensuing probability of w is provided. A detailed analysis of the uncertainty related to the level of data corruption is also performed, considering various levels of measurement errors. Results associated with the field setting suggest that the proposed workflow yields probability distribution of w that are compatible with interpretations relying on traditional analyses of image logs. Results stemming from direct and indirect flow data display similar shapes. This suggests the viability of the probabilistic inversion methodology to assist quasi-real-time identification of equivalent fracture apertures on the basis of routinely acquired information during drilling.
D-Shaped Tellurite Photonic Crystal Fiber Hydrogen and Methane Sensor Based on Four-Wave Mixing With SPR Effect
Authors: Liu Hai , Wu Bo , Chen Cong , Zhao Benlei , Zhang Xu , Zhang Hancheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new D-shaped tellurite photonic crystal fiber sensor based on the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect with the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is designed and optimized. The substrate of the D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (D-PCF) is tellurite glass, and the polished surface is plated with the gold film and hydrogen gas-sensitive film. An air hole of the inner cladding, which is plated with the gold film and methane gas-sensitive film, is selected as the second sensing channel to simultaneously measure the concentration of hydrogen and methane. Based on the four-wave mixing, the wavelength shifts of the Stokes and anti-Stokes spectra resulting from the variation of the gas concentration can be used to accurately detect the concentrations of methane and hydrogen. Meanwhile, it is found that the SPR effect can increase the wavelength shifts, which means the sensitivity of methane and hydrogen augment. After parameter optimization, the maximum sensitivities of methane and hydrogen are 4.03 nm/% and −14.19 nm/%, respectively. Both the linearities are up to 99.9%. The resolution of methane is 1.25×10−2% and hydrogen is 7.14×10−3%. Moreover, the fiber length of this sensor is only 20 mm, which is conducive to the construction of a compact or ultra-compact embedded FWM fiber sensor.
Prediction of strawberry fruit yield based on cultivar-specific growth models in the tunnel-type greenhouse
Authors: Jo Jung Su , Kim Dong Sub , Jo Won Jun , Sim Ha Seon , Lee Hye Jin , Moon Yu Hyun , Woo Ui Jeong , Jung Soo Bin , Kim Steven , Mo Xiaoming , Ahn Su Ran , Kim Sung Kyeom 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe strawberry growth and fruit yield of five Korean cultivars in the tunnel-type greenhouse predicted using their growth. The number of leaves, petiole length, leaf length and width, crown diameter, and the ratio of red and far-red (RFR) of the five Korean cultivars were measured during the cultivation period. The number of leaves of all cultivars exhibited a similar trend during this period; the plant and petiole length of ‘Maehyang’ were the longest, leaf length exhibited similar trends in all five cultivars except for ‘Jukhyang’, the leaf width of ‘Arihyang’, was the longest, and crown diameter of ‘Keumsil’ was the thickest. The leaf length, crown diameter, and RFR were associated with the fruit yield in the multiple linear regression. When a single model was used to predict the yield of all five cultivars, the correlation between expected yield and actual yield was r = 0.53. When cultivar-specific models were built for the prediction, the correlation increased to r = 0.77. The results indicated that the fruit yield of strawberry cultivars could be better predicted by considering cultivar-specific information, so it may be necessary to consider individual cultivars specifically rather than all cultivars simultaneously.