bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and morphological properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles dopped by Boron atoms
Authors: Mironyuk Ivan , Mykytyn Igor , Vasylyeva Hanna 
Published: September 2022

The phase composition and morphology of boron-containing TiO2 nanoparticles obtained by the sol-gel method were investigated. The solution of titanium aqua complex [Ti (OH2)6]3+‧3Cl- was used as a precursor. Borate acid Н3ВО3 (promoter of the formation of rutile) was used as a modified reagent. A single-phase rutile TiO2 was obtained at a concentration of borate acid in the reaction mixture, which causes the formation of a 0.5В-TiO2 sample. The particles of 0.5В-TiO2 samples were in the villi-form, with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 nm, and a length of 16-24 nm.
With an increase of the Н3ВО3 concentration in the reaction mixture, synthesized oxide materials (samples of 1.0В-TiO2 and 1.5В-TiO2) contain 70 % and 57% of anatase respectively, in addition to rutile phase. Titanium-borate monodentate molecules Ti(OH)3OB(OH)2‧2Н2О were formed during the synthesis of the 0.5B-TiO2 rutile sample. The interatomic distance of Ti-O in these particles is commensurate with the average length of the Ti-O – bond of TiO6 rutile octahedra. During the polycondensation process, the distance of the Ti-O molecule-promoter was reproduced as a pattern in the following octahedra of rutile crystals.
Two types of titanium-borate molecules are formed in the reaction medium, during the synthesis of 1.0В-TiO2 and 1.5В-TiO2 samples. Molecules with a bidentate mononuclear structure Ті(ОН)2О2ВОН‧2Н2О in which the interatomic distance of Ti-O is commensurate with the average length of the Ti-O –bond in the anatase octahedra was formed. Therefore, titanium-borate molecules of the second type act as a promoter of the formation of the TiO2 anatase phase.
Responsible Governance in Containing the Spread of COVID-19 in a Developing State
Authors: Mukherjee Debarshi , Chakraborty Subhayan , Bhadra Subhasis , Hasan Khandakar Kamrul , Jena Lokesh Kumar , Debnath Ranjit 
Published: September 2022

Aim. The study aims to evaluate the government policy implementation in tackling the global pandemic and framing universal policies for responsible governance. It also measures the impact of training interventions and non-training implications in containing the spread of COVID-19 at the grassroots level.
Methods. The samples were drawn empirically from pathological tests conducted over 23 weeks to precisely examine the success of the State Government's approach in lowering COVID-19 mortality and spread. Through trend analysis, the outcome has been predicted. The study establishes a link between acknowledged ideas and government practices, providing insight into how relevant the implementation of planned state-craft programs is.
Results. The findings indicated that government-imposed policies account for timely pandemic containment, and even a tiny developing state lacking advanced medical facilities and technology can set an example in combating the epidemic.
Conclusions. The temporal analysis is based on the inputs acquired from government publications and other sources, allowing us to assess policy initiatives that encompass training interventions and non-training implications as prioritized by the State Government. The paper shows that a good emergency preparedness and response system is needed to prevent huge losses in any sector. This includes the already-struggling health sector, which India needs to put first to avoid more tragedies.
At-Risk Youth in the Context of Current Normality – Psychological Aspects
Authors: Hlad Ľubomir , Konečná Irena , Žalec Bojan , Majda Peter , Ionescu Tiberius Constantin , Biryukova Yulia Nickolaevna 
Published: September 2022

Aim. At-risk individuals have many forms, often it is the two opposing sides of a personality which can ultimately implement risky behaviour only to accept an individual into a peer group.
Concept. The risky behaviour of young people and children currently associated with a consumer society aggravated by the pandemic situation Covid-19 is the subject of interest in professional as well as scientific research of various professionals who work in different areas of life.
Methods. This study deals with the risks, social, but also individual consequences of at-risk youth, which occur at all levels of society. In the study, we proceeded in an analytical-synthetic way, interpreting and ascertaining the results of various other scientific and professional studies by foreign authors who deal with the given issue.
Results. The study confirms that risky behaviour requires a constant approach to educating a young person through not only the family but also the school environment, which allows a new perspective on risky youth behaviour. However, it is very important to integrate young people into society to see the risks of their behaviour not only for themselves. but for a narrower or wider community.
Conclusion. The scientific articles and contributions offered in this study point out the risky behaviour of young people, the risks of behaviour not only for individuals but also for groups, it points out the possible causes, reasons, but also consequences of risky behaviour.
The „Book of the Judge”. On the Importance of Kierkegaard’s Journals and Papers
Authors: Kralik Roman , Binetti Mária J. , Kondrla Peter 
Published: September 2022

Aim. Our main purpose is  to explain the connection between the work and the intimate existence of Søren Kierkegaard, and how freedom operates in both of them.
Concept. The article makes visible new writing ways that open from within Kierkegaard's work. Analytical reading of Kierkegaard's Journals and the comparative interpretation of the rest of Kierkegaard's work in terms of communicative styles and explains the genesis and location and type of communication of the Journals within the framework of the Kierkegaardian Corpus.
Results. Kierkegaard’s philosophy is present and indicates the extremely personal place in which the author possessed its work.
Conclusions. We conclude the unavoidable importance of the Journals for the interpretation of Kierkegaard's work. The reason why the Journals are for Kierkegaard's „The Book of the Judge” lies in the direct, personal and intimate communication of its writing. Existence as free and self-conscious action constitutes the core of the article. On it rests the personal development of the individual and the incommensurable value of his life and work.
The Role of Latent Iron Deficiency and Its Subsequent Correction in Adolescent Boys' Functional Performance
Authors: Shadrina I. L. , Balashova E. A. 
Published: September 2022

Background. Iron deficiency remains the most frequent nutrient deficiency in the world. Its negative impact on the physical and psychomotor development determines the importance of its timely, fast, and complete correction. Thus, the clinical efficacy of iron supplementation and its effect on body function, especially in latent iron deficiency (LID), is still insufficiently studied.Objective. The aim of the study is to identify the effect of iron supplementation in various dosages on functional performance of healthy adolescent boys but considering the initial iron levels.Methods. The study covered teenage boys 12–17 years old from I and II health groups studying in Samara Cadet Corps. All children were divided into groups according to the examination results (CBC, serum ferritin level): study group — 20 children with iron deficiency (3 children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were not included in this analysis), and the control group — 99 children. All children received iron supplements for 30 days: children with LID — 2.5 mg/kg/day, healthy children — 15 mg/day.Results. Normalization of serum ferritin was achieved only in 75% (16) of children after 30 days of iron intake. The mean timed expiratory capacity was 20" (16 ± 25) in healthy and 17.5" (11.25 ± 21.75) in iron deficiency (p = 0.081) group. There is a tendency to prolong the breath retention time on exhalation after supplementation in LID group (p = 0.068). The recovery time of heart rate before supplementation was 118.8 ± 71.7" in study group and 168.0 ± 98.5" in control group (p = 0.045) according to the results of the Martin – Kushelevsky test. After supplementation it has decreased only in study group (p = 0.009). The children's muscle strength in compared groups did not differ before (p = 0.486) and after (p = 0.567) supplementation, however, it has increased in the control group regarding the initial values (p = 0.003). Physical fitness indicators in both groups did not differ before supplementation. Study group significantly improved the running time by 60 m (p = 0.038) after supplementation. Control group has shown positive dynamics for three indicators: pulling out from suspension on high bar (p = 0.019), long jump (p = 0.026), and running at 60 m (0.018). Moreover, there were no differences between study and control groups after supplementation.Conclusion. Iron deficiency has moderate negative effect on adaptive respiratory and cardiovascular capabilities and fatigue. Iron supplementation mainly improves the indicators of cardiovascular system in case of iron deficiency, and indicators of muscle strength and physical fitness in case of normal iron levels.
Pheochromocytoma in elderly people: case report
Authors: Puzhakkal Shikhil , Veetil Pradeep Puthen 
Published: September 2022

Pheochromocytoma in elderly people is a very rare disease and surgical removal is the only cure. Here we present an 81-year-old gentleman with multiple co morbidities with left adrenal incidentaloma. He was diagnosed to have left pheochromocytoma with biochemical evaluation. He underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy after a prolonged preparation with alpha and beta blockers. This is the second oldest patient with histo-pathological diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. So high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose pheochromocytoma and a prolonged preoperative preparation is required in elderly patients. As he had high pheochromocytoma of adrenal scaling score (PASS), he is under close follow up.
Study on gender preference among pregnant women attending the tertiary care Hospital, Valsad: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Patel Ravikant Rambhai , Patel Hinaben R 
Published: September 2022

Child sex ratio has been declining over a period of time. Preference for a male child by the family leading to sex selective abortion is found to be a major factor which may have adverse impact on the social structure. The social evil female feticide and infanticide can be eradicated only when we identify the reasons of gender preference and recognize the importance of women in their life. Preference for male baby reflects underlying socioeconomic and cultural patterns and prevailing inequity between genders in many societies in India. So this study was undertaken to find out the gender preference and various reasons for gender preference among antenatal women.This study was conducted among ANC mothers to know 1. Epidemiological factors of pregnant mother affecting the gender preference 2. Know the gender preference among ANC Mother for current pregnancy 3. Know the reasons for gender preference. A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among 100 antenatal women attending to Outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in the months of July-August 2021. Written consent was obtained after being briefed in detail about the aim and objectives of the study. Information was obtained using a pre-tested questionnaire on Demographic details, Obstetrics details, order of pregnancy, gender preference by the mother and reasons for gender preference etc. The data was entered and analyzed by using statistical software. In our study mean age of pregnant mother is 23±2SD, 15% mothers are illiterate and 58% from general category and 51% are residing in Nuclear family. 40.0% of pregnant mother had male gender preference and main reason for male gender preference was previous female child (60.0%), income purpose (57.50%), for generation constitution (45.0%) and demand of in laws (45.0%). We also noted the reason for non-preference of female child and noted that 87.5% had already a female child in their family.A desire for a balanced number of daughters and sons and a preference were observed. A son preference was observed among pregnant mothers for various reasons such as Income purpose, generation constitution, demand of in laws etc.
Profile of COVID in-patients treated in a tertiary health care center, Kerala
Authors: Andrews C V , Rajan Ann Reshma , Arun Sreelakshmi , Kuttichira Praveenlal 
Published: September 2022

Covid 19 is a contagious disease caused by SARS Cov 2 which causes acute respiratory syndrome. The usual disease presentation symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, vomiting, loss of taste or smell. Some cases may be asymptomatic. Complications include pneumonia, viral sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), kidney failure and death.This study was conducted to explore the demographic profile of Covid 19 patients admitted, their clinical presentations, treatment received and outcome; so that effective management and prevention of complications can be done in the future.Out of total of 613 In-patients selected randomly, random start was decided and every 5 patient was selected for the study which gave us a sample size of 123. Out of 123, 107 (83.6%) were symptomatic at the time of seeking admission.73 (57%) of them had any pre-existing co-morbidity. Among pre-existing co-morbidities, diabetes and hypertension were noted to be of the highest frequency. Out of 123 admitted cases, (11.7%) succumbed to the disease and its complications, (75%) recovered and were discharged.
Kesadaran diri dan optimis pada pengaturan diri dalam belajar pada mahasiswa baru selama pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Iman Fajar Lilia 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTSelf regulated learning is an interesting and important study in the Covid-19 pandemic so that many experts are doing it according to their scientific fields. This study aims to examine the effect of self-awareness and optimis on self-regulated learning. The research method used quantitative with subject 105 new students who were taken randomly at the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The data was obtained through a scale of SRIS (self awareness), LOT-R (optimism) and OSRL (self regulated learning). Data were analyzed using regression techniques. The results of the analysis show that self-awareness and optimis have a direct effect of 40.9% with an R-square value = 0.409. The implication of the results of this study is the importance of self-awareness and optimis in increasing and developing self-regulated learning in students to support success in learningKEY WORDSself-regulation in learning; self-awareness; optimistic; new students ABSTRAKPengaturan diri dalam belajar merupakan kajian yang menarik dan penting di masa pandemi Covid-19 sehingga banyak para ahli yang melakukannya sesuai dengan bidang keilmuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kesadaran diri dan optimisme terhadap pengaturan diri dalam belajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kuantitatif dengan subyek 105 mahasiswa baru yang diambil secara acak di Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Data diperoleh melalui skala SRIS (kesadaran diri), LOT-R (optimisme) dan OSRL (self regulated learning). Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik regresi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa self-awareness dan optimisme berpengaruh langsung sebesar 40,9% dengan nilai R-square = 0,409. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kesadaran diri dan optimisme dalam meningkatkan dan mengembangkan self-regulated learning pada siswa untuk menunjang keberhasilan dalam belajar.KATA KUNCIpengaturan diri dalam pembelajaran; kesadaran diri; optimis; mahasiswa baru
Improving the estimation of thermospheric neutral density via two-step assimilation of in-situ neutral density into a numerical model
Authors: Corbin Armin , Kusche Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Neutral thermospheric density is an essential quantity required for precise orbit determination of satellites, collision avoidance of satellites, re-entry prediction of satellites or space debris, and satellite lifetime assessments. Empirical models of the thermosphere fail to provide sufficient estimates of neutral thermospheric density along the orbits of satellites by reason of approximations, assumptions and a limited temporal resolution. At high solar activity these estimates can be off by 70% when comparing to observations at 12 hourly averages. In recent decades, neutral density is regularly observed with satellite accelerometers on board of low Earth orbiting satellites like CHAMP, GOCE, GRACE, GRACE-FO, or Swarm. When assimilating such along-track information into global models of thermosphere-ionosphere dynamics, it has been often observed that only a very local subdomain of the model grid around the satellite’s position is updated. To extend the impact to the entire model domain we suggest a new two-step approach: We use accelerometer derived neutral densities from the CHAMP mission in a first step to calibrate an empirical thermosphere density model (NRLMSIS 2.0). In a second step, we assimilate—for the first time—densities predicted for a regular three dimensional grid into the TIE-GCM (Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model).Data assimilation is performed using the Local Error-Subspace Transform Kalman Filter provided by the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF). We test the new approach using a two-week-long period containing the 5 April 2010 Geomagnetic storm. Accelerometer derived neutral densities from the GRACE mission are used for additional evaluation. We demonstrate that the two-step approach globally improves the simulation of thermospheric density. We could significantly improve the density prediction for CHAMP and GRACE. In fact, the offset between the accelerometer derived densities and the model prediction is reduced by 45% for CHAMP and 20% for GRACE when applying the two-step approach. The implication is that our approach allows one to much better ’transplant’ the precise CHAMP thermospheric density measurements to satellites flying at a similar altitude.
Evaluation of different adjuvant formulations of trivalent Foot and Mouth Disease vaccine in cattle
Authors: Ayele Getu , Getachew Belayneh , Bari Fufa Dawo , Bayissa Berecha , Muluneh Ayelech , Abayneh Takele , Gelaye Esayas , Edao Bedaso Mammo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Foot-and-mouth disease is globally one of the most economically important viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals that can be controlled by different strategies, where vaccination plays an important role. Selection of the adjuvants,that added to the vaccine is crucial in ensuring the protective effect of the vaccine. Aluminum hydroxide gel and saponin (AS) is widely used adjuvant, with its poor immune response in FMD vaccine. The present study was undertaken to evaluate different ingredients of adjuvants for inactivated trivalent (A, O and SAT 2) FMD vaccine and to demonstrate the effect of booster dose in cattle.
Results
Cattle were grouped into five; four experimental and one control, with six animals in each group and immunized with trivalent vaccine with various formulations of adjuvants. Immune response was measured using Solid Phase Competitive Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (SPCE). The antibody level in cattle immunised with a vaccine formulation containing a mixture of aluminum hydroxide gel and saponin (AS) were significantly lower than AS boosted group for the three serotypes (p < 0.05, t. test), which directs the need for booster dose. Whereas the antibody response in the AS + oil group was higher followed by oil alone, AS boosted and AS at 95% CI.
Conclusion
The findings of this study could suggest that oil based and AS with oil could replace the conventional aluminum hydroxide gel and saponin adjuvants in FMD vaccine preparations. On different note, challenge test was not successful in this study indicating the need for further research on the virus infectivity.
Validation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and its relationship with preventive behavior and anxiety disorders in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Qaisar Khalid , Sohail Malik Muhammad , Akbar Muhammad Siddique , Qureshi Waheed Ahmad , Zakar Rubeena , Fischer Florian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has caused a huge wave of fear across many nations around the globe. From a theoretical point of view, it is argued that fear induced by an imminent threat leads people to take defensive measures and at the same time creates psychiatric disorders. We conducted this study to validate the Urdu (national language in Pakistan) version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in the Pakistani context. We also examined the relationship between fear and 1) preventive behavior and 2) anxiety disorders among the general population.
Methods: We collected data from 2005 respondents across the country and confirmed the validity of the Urdu version of this scale. Structural analysis uncovered that fear of COVID-19 significantly predicts preventive behavior and anxiety disorder among respondents.
Results: This study confirms that fear of COVID-19 has aroused mixed feelings among the population in Pakistan. Fear of contracting COVID-19 has induced the masses to take preventive measures, while at the same time, it has also produced feelings of anxiety.
Conclusions: Previous research in this field also reported that fear of COVID-19 contributed significantly to mental health problems. Therefore, health authorities and governments must take measures to ensure mental health through psychosocial interventions.
Suitability of continuous glucose monitoring in healthy subjects to detect effects of meal sequences and nutritional content of meals on postprandial glycemic responses
Authors: Waldenmaier Delia , Buck Sina , Pleus Stefan , Beltzer Anne , Schauer Sebastian , Link Manuela , Zschornack Eva , Jendrike Nina , Haug Cornelia , Freckmann Guido 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have initially been developed for diabetes patients but are also increasingly used by healthy people in order to monitor individual eating behaviors and the glucose responses to different foods, e.g. to support weight loss. The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of this technology to detect effects of meal sequences and nutritional content of meals on postprandial glycemic responses. In addition, the effect of meal sequences on the subsequent eating behavior was evaluated.
Subjects/Methods
On two consecutive days, 36 participants without diabetes received standardized test meals (TM) for breakfast and lunch, as well as a free-choice dinner. Both TM contained equal amounts of carbohydrates with different absorption characteristics and differing fat and protein content. Participants consumed TM “fast” for breakfast and “slow” for lunch on one day, and in reverse order on the other day. Dinner was selected from a buffet; meal content and amount were free-choice. Participants rated their feeling of satiety directly before dinner intake. Glucose profiles were assessed with a CGM device.
Results
CGM was able to distinguish postprandial glucose responses according to the nutritional content of the TM. When TM were consumed for lunch, median glucose increase was higher than when consumed for breakfast (TM “fast”: 72.7 mg/dL vs. 56.5 mg/dL; TM “slow”: 38.3 mg/dL; vs. 22.1 mg/dL). Satiety before dinner was lower and energy intake for dinner was higher after TM “fast” for lunch than after TM “slow” for lunch (5 058.3 ± 1 787.8 kJ vs. 4 429.8 ± 1 205.4 kJ).
Conclusions
Data collected in this evaluation with the use of CGM firstly supports its use under everyday life conditions in people without diabetes and secondly could contribute to identify beneficial dietary patterns that may be considered in the management and prevention of metabolic disorders.