bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of acupuncture on condition being studied emotional disorders in patients with postpartum
Authors: Luo Ning , Wang Yiyi , Xia Yunfan , Tu Mingqi , Wu Xiaoting , Shao Xiaomei , Fang Jianqiao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
As one of the common postpartum diseases, postpartum emotional disorders (PEDs) mainly include postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, which significantly affect the patient's quality of life. Acupuncture has been widely used as a popular alternative complementary therapy for the treatment of PEDs. Nevertheless, its effectiveness and safety remain uncertain. Hence, the first systematic review and meta-analysis will be urgently executed to explore the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of PEDs.

Methods:
Eight databases will be searched, including the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, and Technology Periodical Database. Only randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for PEDs will be considered. The languages are limited to English and Chinese. All publications were retrieved by 2 researchers independently. Assessment of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale will be dedicated as a primary outcome, and secondary outcomes include the Hamilton Anxiety Inventory, the Hamilton Depression Inventory, the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (sense of coherence 29-item scale), and adverse effects of acupuncture. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to assess the quality of the eligible publications. Additionally, the level of evidence for results will be evaluated by using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. All data will be analyzed statistically by using RevMan V.5.3 software.

Results:
This study will provide a high level of the evidence-based basis for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of PEDs.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will assess the safety, efficacy, and adverse effects of acupuncture in the treatment of PEDs.

Ethics and dissemination:
No ethical approval is required as patient data will not be collected. In addition, the results of this meta-analysis will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed scholarly journals or relevant academic conferences.

Registration number:
INPLASY 2021120091.
Assessing Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Cancer Treated With Interleukin-2
Authors: McClintock Shawn M. , Dail Robin B. , Howe-Martin Laura S. , Mann Tara K. , Bailey Donald E. 
Published: January 2022

Background
High-dose interleukin-2 is a therapy available for individuals with renal cell carcinoma; however, it can produce adverse effects, specifically depressive symptoms. There is limited information regarding the trajectory of depressive symptoms and measurement-based care assessment of depressive symptoms.

Objective
The purpose was to describe the trajectory of depressive symptoms and compare 2 depression measures.

Methods
A descriptive, mixed-method case study approach was used to describe the longitudinal trajectory of depressive symptoms The qualitative assessment included a journal entry and an interview. The quantitative depression symptom severity measures included the 8-item self-report Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression and the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology–Clinician Rated (IDS-C).

Results
Ten cases were enrolled. The maximum number of interleukin-2 doses that any patient received within a single hospitalization ranged from 4 to 12. Mean scores on the 8-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression showed no changes in depressive symptoms from pretreatment to posttreatment, nor across hospitalizations. Mean total scores on the IDS-C increased from “normal” to “mild severity” depressive symptom range across all treatment cycles, suggesting transient depressive symptoms within hospitalizations. Qualitative data from the case supported the IDS-C increase, suggesting that the patient developed depressive symptoms pretreatment to posttreatment.

Conclusions
Understanding the trajectory of depressive symptoms allows for the identification of critical time points when depressive symptoms present and change across treatment. It is critical to use measurement-based care using validated measures to assess for the presence and changes in depressive symptoms.

Implications for Practice
Validated self-report or clinician-rated depression symptom measures should be used to document the presence or absence of depressive symptoms in this population.
The Effectiveness of a Self-management Program of Bowel Dysfunction in Patients With Mid and Low Rectal Cancer After Sphincter-Preserving Surgery
Authors: Li Cong , Li Zhao-Yu , Lu Qian , Zhou Yu-Jie , Qin Xue-Ying , Wu Ai-Wen , Pang Dong 
Published: January 2022

Background
Most patients with mid and low rectal cancer passively react to bowel symptoms after sphincter-preserving surgery (SPS), and their self-management behaviors are scarce in the Chinese patient population.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a self-management program for bowel symptoms in patients with mid and low rectal cancer after SPS.

Methods
A convenient sampling method was used to recruit patients with mid and low rectal cancer after SPS in gastric wards from 2 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, China. Ninety-five patients (intervention, n = 47; control, n = 48) were recruited. The intervention group received a predetermined self-management program plus routine postoperative care; the control group received only routine care in the ward. Data on patients’ bowel symptoms, quality of life, and bowel symptom self-management behaviors were collected at baseline and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively using questionnaires. A generalized estimating equation was adopted to examine group effect and time effect.

Results
Bowel symptoms and quality of life in both the intervention and control groups of patients improved significantly 6 months after SPS compared with baseline (time effect, P < .001). The total score of patients’ bowel symptom self-management behaviors and the score of the therapeutic domain increased significantly in the intervention group compared with those in the control group (group effect, P = .009).

Conclusions
Self-management programs could help prompt patients’ self-management behaviors, but the extent to which they impact patients’ bowel symptoms requires further investigation.

Implications for Practice
The bowel dysfunction self-management program could alter the behavior of patients. It also effectively improves self-management strategies for bowel symptoms.
A 10-Year Retrospective before-and-after Study of Lipedema Surgery: Patient-Reported Lipedema-Associated Symptom Improvement after Multistage Liposuction
Authors: Kruppa Philipp , Georgiou Iakovos , Schmidt Jeremias , Infanger Manfred , Ghods Mojtaba 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Despite an increasing demand for surgical treatment of lipedema, the evidence for liposuction is still limited. Little is known about the influence of disease stage, patient age, body mass index, or existing comorbidities on clinical outcomes. It was hypothesized that younger patients with lower body mass index and stage would report better results.

Methods:
This retrospective, single-center, noncomparative study included lipedema patients who underwent liposuction between July of 2009 and July of 2019. After a minimum of 6 months since the last surgery, all patients completed a disease-related questionnaire. The primary endpoint was the need for complex decongestive therapy based on a composite score. Secondary endpoints were the severity of disease-related complaints measured on a visual analogue scale.

Results:
One hundred six patients underwent a total of 298 large-volume liposuctions (mean lipoaspirate, 6355 ± 2797 ml). After a median follow-up of 20 months, a median complex decongestive therapy score reduction of 37.5 percent (interquartile range, 0 to 88.8 percent; p < 0.0001) was observed. An improvement in lipedema-associated symptoms was also observed (p < 0.0001). The percentage reduction in complex decongestive therapy scores was greater in patients with a body mass index less than or equal to 35 kg/m2 (p < 0.0001) and in stage I and II patients (p = 0.0019).

Conclusion:
Liposuction reduces the severity of symptoms and the need for conservative treatment in lipedema patients, especially if it is performed in patients with a body mass index below 35 kg/m2 at an early stage of the disease.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
A Symbolic Regression Approach to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis Using Hypermethylated CpG Islands in Circulating Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Goyal Rushank 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeHepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver cancer, accounting for 90% of cases, and a major cause of death worldwide. Despite this, alpha-fetoprotein tests are the only blood-based diagnostic tools available, and their use is limited by their low sensitivity. DNA methylation changes, which have been implicated in a majority of cancers, offer an alternative method of diagnosis through measuring such changes in circulating cell-free DNA present in blood plasma.MethodA genetic programming-based symbolic regression approach was applied to gain the benefits of machine learning while avoiding the opacity drawbacks of “black box” models. The data included plasma samples from 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma as well as a control group of 55 that contained patients with and without cirrhosis. A 75-25 train-test splitting was done before training.ResultsThe symbolic regression methodology developed an equation utilizing the methylation levels of three biomarkers, with an accuracy of 91.3%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 87.5% on the test data. The performance matches prior research while providing the added benefits of transparency.ConclusionCirculating cell-free DNA presents opportunities for minimally invasive early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and utilizing transparent machine learning approaches like symbolic regression can allow accurate diagnosis by combining biological and mathematical principles. Future validation of the model obtained here on a larger and more diverse dataset can reveal the potential for such approaches in cancer diagnosis and pave the way for further research.
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Helfgott David C. , Racine-Brzostek Sabrina , Short Kelsey J. , Zhao Zhen , Christos Paul , Nino Itzel , Niu Tina , Contreras Jorge , Ritchie Ellen K. , Desai Pinkal , Samuel Michael , Roboz Gail J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImmunocompromised patients are particularly susceptible to serious complications from infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Two mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, have been shown to have excellent clinical efficacy in immunocompetent adults, but diminished activity in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we measured anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, avidity, and surrogate neutralizing antibody activity in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody was present in 89% of AML and 88% of MDS patients, but median antibody levels for were lower than in healthy controls (p=0.001 and p=0.04, respectively). SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity and neutralizing antibody activity from AML patients were significantly lower than controls (p=0.028 and p=0.002, respectively). There was a trend toward higher anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after mRNA-1273 vaccination. Antibody avidity was greater in patients after mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 (p=0.01) and there was a trend toward greater neutralizing antibody activity after mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 vaccination.
The P132H mutation in the main protease of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 decreases thermal stability without compromising catalysis or small-molecule drug inhibition
Authors: Sacco Michael D , Hu Yanmei , Gongora Maura V , Meilleur Flora , Kemp M Trent , Zhang Xiujun , Wang Jun , Chen Yu 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to be a significant threat to global health. First reported in November 2021, the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) is more transmissible and can evade immunity better than previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, fueling an unprecedented surge in cases. To produce functional proteins from this polyprotein, SARS-CoV-2 relies on the cysteine proteases Nsp3/papain-like protease (PLpro) and Nsp5/Main Protease (Mpro)/3C-like protease to cleave at three and more than 11 sites, respectively.1 Therefore, Mpro and PLpro inhibitors are considered to be some of the most promising SARS-CoV-2 antivirals. On December 22, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for PAXLOVID, a ritonavir-boosted formulation of nirmatrelvir. Nirmatrelvir is a first-in-class orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor.2 Thus, the scientific community must vigilantly monitor potential mechanisms of drug resistance, especially because SARS-CoV-2 is naïve to Mpro inhibitors. Mutations have been well identified in variants to this point.3 Notably, Omicron Mpro (OMpro) harbors a single mutation– P132H. In this study we characterize the enzymatic activity, drug inhibition, and structure of OMpro while evaluating the past and future implications of Mpro mutations.
B-cell epitope mapping of TprC and TprD variants ofTreponema pallidumsubspecies
Authors: Molini Barbara , Fernandez Mark C. , Godornes Charmie , Vorobieva Anastassia , Lukehart Sheila A. , Giacani Lorenzo 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTSeveral recent studies have focused on the identification, functional analysis, and structural characterization of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) ofTreponema pallidum(Tp). TheTpspecies encompasses the highly relatedpallidum,pertenue,andendemicumsubspecies of this pathogen, known to be the causative agents of syphilis, yaws, and bejel, respectively. These studies highlighted the importance of identifying surface-exposed OMP regions and the identification of B-cell epitopes that could be protective and used in vaccine development efforts. We previously reported that the TprC and TprD OMPs ofTpare predicted to contain external loops scattered throughout the entire length of the proteins, several of which show a low degree of sequence variability among strains and subspecies. In this study, these models were corroborated using AlphaFold2, a state-of-the-art protein structure modeling software. Here, we identified B-cell epitopes across the full-length TprC and TprD variants using the Geysan pepscan mapping approach with antisera from rabbits infected with syphilis, yaws, and bejel strains and from animals immunized with refolded recombinant TprC proteins from three syphilis strains. Our results show that the humoral response is primarily directed to sequences predicted to be on surface-exposed loops of TprC and TprD proteins, and that the magnitude of the humoral response to individual epitopes differs among animals infected with various syphilis strains andTpsubspecies. Rather than exhibiting strain-specificity, antisera showed various degrees of cross-reactivity with variant sequences from other strains. The data support the further exploration of TprC and TprD as vaccine candidates.
Immune checkpoint blockade induces gut microbiota translocation that augments extraintestinal anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Choi Yongbin , Gao Yajing , Coughlin Laura A. , Poulides Nicole , Kim Jiwoong , Zhan Xiaowei , Hooper Lora V. , Pasare Chandrashekhar , Koh Andrew Y. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGut microbiota are critical for effective immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICT) for cancer. The mechanisms by which gut microbiota augment extraintestinal anti-cancer immune responses, however, are largely unknown. Here, we find that ICT induces translocation of specific endogenous gut microbiota into secondary lymphoid organs and subcutaneous melanoma tumors. Mechanistically, gut microbiota activated dendritic cells (DCs) traffic a selective subset of gut bacteria to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and promote optimal anti-tumor T-cell responses in both the tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLN) and the primary tumor. Antibiotic treatment resulted in decreased gut microbiota translocation into MLN and TDLN, diminished polyfunctional effector CD8+ T cell responses, and attenuated response to ICT. Our findings illuminate a key mechanism by which gut microbiota promote extraintestinal anti-cancer immunity.One sentence summaryFollowing immune checkpoint blockade therapy, dendritic cells traffic gut microbiota into secondary lymphoid organs, promoting optimal extraintestinal anti-cancer immunity.
Accurate strain-level microbiome composition analysis from short reads
Authors: Liao Herui , Ji Yongxin , Sun Yanni 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTBecause bacterial strains can exhibit different biological properties, strain-level composition analysis plays a vital role in understanding the functions and dynamics of microbial communities. Metagenomic sequencing has become the major means for probing the microbial composition in host-associated or environmental samples. Despite a plethora of composition analysis tools, they are not optimized to address the challenges in strain-level analysis: a reference database with highly similar reference strain genomes and the presence of multiple strains under one species in a sample. In this work, we present a new strain-level composition analysis tool named StrainScan that employs a novel tree-based k-mer indexing structure to strike a balance between the strain identification accuracy and the computational complexity. We rigorously tested StrainScan on many simulated and real sequencing data and benchmarked StrainScan with popular strain-level analysis tools including Krakenuniq, StrainSeeker, Pathoscope2, Sigma, StrainGE, and Strainest. The results show that StrainScan has higher accuracy and resolution than the the state-of-the-art tools on strain-level composition analysis. It improves the F1-score by 20% in identifying multiple strains with at least 99.89% average nucleotide identity. StrainScan takes short reads and a set of reference strains as input and its source codes are freely available at https://github.com/liaoherui/strainScan.
CyclinD2-mediated regulation of neurogenic output from the retinal ciliary margin is perturbed in albinism
Authors: Slavi Nefeli , Balasubramanian Revathi , Lee Melissa A. , Liapin Michael , Oaks-Leaf Rachel , Peregrin John , Potenski Anna , Troy Carol , Ross M. Elizabeth , Herrera Eloisa , Kosmidis Stylianos , John Simon W. M. , Mason Carol A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn albinism, aberrations in the ipsi-/contralateral retinal ganglion cell (RGC) ratio compromise the functional integrity of the binocular circuit. We focus here on the mouse ciliary margin zone (CMZ), a neurogenic niche at the embryonic peripheral retina, to investigate developmental processes regulating RGC neurogenesis and identity acquisition. We found that the mouse ventral CMZ has the competence to generate predominantly ipsilaterally-projecting RGCs, but this competence is altered in the albino visual system due to CyclinD2 downregulation and disturbed temporal control of the cell cycle. Consequently, albino as well as CyclinD2-deficient pigmented mice exhibit a diminished ipsilateral retinogeniculate projection and compromised depth perception. Pharmacological stimulation of calcium channels in albino mice, known to upregulate CyclinD2 in other cell types, augmented CyclinD2-dependent neurogenesis of ipsilateral RGCs, and improved stereopsis. Together, these results implicate CMZ neurogenesis and its regulators as critical for the formation and function of the mammalian binocular circuit.HighlightsThe mouse ventral CMZ produces predominantly ipsilateral RGCs.In the albino visual system, CyclinD2 downregulation leads to delayed G1/S transition toward mitotic exit of CMZ progenitors.Perturbations in the temporal control of cell cycle by CyclinD2 lead to reduced Zic2+ RGCs and consequently, a diminished ipsilateral retinogeniculate projection and compromised depth perception.Calcium channel modulation during embryogenesis normalizes the levels of CyclinD2 and restores binocular vision in albino mice.
cir-DNA sequencing revealed the landscape of extrachromosomal circular DNA in articular cartilage and the potential roles in osteoarthritis
Authors: Xiang Wei , Zhang Tongyi , Li Song , Gong Yunquan , Luo Xiaoqing , Yuan Jing , Wu Yaran , Yan Xiaojing , Xiong Yan , Lian Jiqin , Zhao Guangyu , Gao Changyue , Kuang Liang , Ni Zhenhong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveExtrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has been shown to be involved in several physiological and pathological processes including immunity, inflammation, aging and tumor. However, the expression of eccDNA in cartilage has been not reported until now. In this study, we aimed to investigate the landscape of eccDNA in articular cartilage and analyze the potential roles in Osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe samples of articular cartilage were obtained from total knee arthroplasty (TKA) donors with OA. The mtDNAs (mitochondrial DNA) and the linear DNAs from chondrocytes of articular cartilage were removed. Then the eccDNAs were enriched for cir-DNA sequencing. After quality control evaluation, we systematically revealed the identified eccDNA data including size distribution, the size range and sequence pattern. Moreover, we explored and disscussed the potential roles of eccDNA in OA via motif analysis and GO/KEGG pathways analysis.ResultsThe chondrocytes from OA cartilage contained an abundance of eccDNAs, which was termed as OC-eccDNAs (OA Cartilage-derived eccDNA). The characteristics of OC-eccDNAs were tissue specific, including the distribution, the size range and sequence pattern. Moreover, the functional analysis indicated that eccDNA may be involved in the homeostasis maintenance of chondrocytes and participated in the process of OA.ConclutionsOur data firstly showed the landscape of eccDNA in articular cartilage, and preliminarily indicated the potential roles of eccDNA in OA.
FRIENDLY (FMT) is an RNA binding protein associated with cytosolic ribosomes at the mitochondrial surface
Authors: Hemono Mickaele , Salinas-Giegé Thalia , Roignant Jeanne , Vingadassalon Audrey , Hammann Philippe , Ubrig Elodie , Ngondo Patryk , Duchêne Anne-Marie 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe spatial organization of protein synthesis in the eukaryotic cell is essential for maintaining the integrity of the proteome and the functioning of the cell. Translation on free polysomes or on ribosomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum has been studied for a long time. More recent data have revealed selective translation of mRNAs in other compartments, in particular at the surface of mitochondria. Although these processes have been described in many organisms, in particular in plants, the mRNA targeting and localized translation mechanisms remain poorly understood.Here, the Arabidopsis thaliana Friendly (FMT) protein is shown to be a cytosolic RNA binding protein that associates with cytosolic ribosomes at the surface of mitochondria. Its knockdown delays seedling development and causes mitochondrial clustering. The mutation also disrupts the mitochondrial proteome and the localization of nuclear transcripts on the surface of mitochondria. These data indicate that FMT participates in the localization of mRNAs and their translation at the surface of mitochondria.