bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological impact of olfactory branding: The future of smell marks in India
Authors: Sahni Pranjali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractScents have been used by business organizations for commercializing their products since historic times. Because of the psychological connect that a consumer immediately makes as he smells something unique, olfactory branding is considered as a very productive and effective marketing tool. Trademark law attempts to protect a brand's identity with the ultimate motive of preventing consumers from deceptively similar goods. Scholars and businesses have been raising their voice in a demand call for smell mark protection under trademark law, arguing that smell is just as important for identifying the origin‐point of a product for a consumer as is the brand's logo or name or product shape. While the US courts have been liberal in granting smell mark registrations, EU courts have interpreted the “graphical representation” requirement under trademark law very strictly. Indian law, though not entirely closed on the prospect of smell mark protection, is inclined toward the EU position. After analyzing the current legal scenario, this article explores the more fundamental question as to the feasibility of smell marks, questioning their justification under the philosophical foundations of trademark law, the subjective associations of consumers with respect to smells, the difficulty in evidence analysis by courts in infringement suits and the apprehension relating to the functionality doctrine.
Seasonal variation in the association between household food insecurity and child undernutrition in Bangladesh: Mediating role of child dietary diversity
Authors: Hasan Md. Mehedi , Kader Abdul , Asif Chowdhury Abdullah Al , Talukder Aminuzzaman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHousehold food insecurity (HFI) and child dietary diversity (CDD) are variable across seasons. We examined seasonal variation in HFI and child undernutrition association and tested how CDD mediates this association. We analyzed data for 26,353 children aged 6–59 months drawn from nationally representative cross‐sectional Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Project data collected during 2012–2014 in Bangladesh across three seasons annually: Post‐Aman harvest (January–April); Monsoon (May–August); and Post‐Aus harvest (September–December). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for individual, maternal, household and geographical characteristics reveals that children of food‐insecure households were more likely than food‐secure households to be stunted (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.12; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.02–1.23; p < 0.05), wasted (AOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05–1.39; p < 0.01) and underweight (AOR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04–1.3; p < 0.01). CDD mediated 6.1% of the total effect of HFI on underweight. These findings varied across seasons. HFI was associated with greater odds of underweight during Monsoon (AOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62; p < 0.01) and Post‐Aus (AOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.06–1.37; p < 0.01) while wasting during Post‐Aus (AOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.35–2.01; p < 0.001). CDD largely mediated the total effect of HFI on underweight during the Post‐Aman in 2012–2014 (23.2%). CDD largely mediated the total effect of HFI on wasting (39.7%) during Post‐Aman season in 2014 and on underweight (13.7%) during the same season in 2012. These findings demonstrate that HFI is seasonally associated with child undernutrition and mediated by CDD as well in Bangladesh and seasonality and diversity should be considered while designing appropriate population‐level food‐based interventions to resolve child undernutrition.
Expression of subunits of an insecticide target receptor varies across tissues, life stages, castes, and species of social bees
Authors: Witwicka Alicja , López‐Osorio Federico , Patterson Valentine , Wurm Yannick 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobal losses of insects jeopardize ecosystem stability and crop pollination. Robust evidence indicates that insecticides have contributed to these losses. Notably, insecticides targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have neurotoxic effects on beneficial insects. Because each nAChR consists of five subunits, the alternative arrangements of subunits could create a multitude of receptors differing in structure and function. Therefore, understanding whether the use of subunits varies is essential for evaluating and predicting the effects of insecticides targeting such receptors. To better understand how the use and composition of nAChRs differ within and between insect pollinators, we analysed RNA‐seq gene expression data from tissues and castes of Apis mellifera honey bees and life stages and castes of the Bombus terrestris bumble bees. We reveal that all analysed tissues express nAChRs and that relative expression levels of nAChR subunits vary widely across almost all comparisons. Our work thus shows fine‐tuned spatial and temporal expression of nAChRs. Given that coexpression of subunits underpins the compositional diversity of functional receptors and that the affinities of insecticides depend on nAChR composition, our findings provide a likely mechanism for the various damaging effects of nAChR‐targeting insecticides on insects. Furthermore, our results indicate that the appraisal of insecticide risks should carefully consider variation in molecular targets.
Symbiont‐specific responses to environmental cues in a threesome lichen symbiosis
Authors: Almer Jasmin , Resl Philipp , Gudmundsson Hörður , Warshan Denis , Andrésson Ólafur S. , Werth Silke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotosymbiodemes are a special case of lichen symbiosis where one lichenized fungus engages in symbiosis with two different photosynthetic partners, a cyanobacterium and a green alga, to develop two distinctly looking photomorphs. We compared gene expression of thallus sectors of the photosymbiodeme‐forming lichen Peltigera britannica containing cyanobacterial photobionts with thallus sectors with both green algal and cyanobacterial photobionts and investigated differential gene expression at different temperatures representing mild and putatively stressful conditions. First, we quantified photobiont‐mediated differences in fungal gene expression. Second, because of known ecological differences between photomorphs, we investigated symbiont‐specific responses in gene expression to temperature increases. Photobiont‐mediated differences in fungal gene expression could be identified, with upregulation of distinct biological processes in the different morphs, showing that interaction with specific symbiosis partners profoundly impacts fungal gene expression. Furthermore, high temperatures expectedly led to an upregulation of genes involved in heat shock responses in all organisms in whole transcriptome data and to an increased expression of genes involved in photosynthesis in both photobiont types at 15 and 25°C. The fungus and the cyanobacteria exhibited thermal stress responses already at 15°C, the green algae mainly at 25°C, demonstrating symbiont‐specific responses to environmental cues and symbiont‐specific ecological optima.
SNF1‐related protein kinase 1 represses Arabidopsis growth through post‐translational modification of E2Fa in response to energy stress
Authors: Son Seungmin , Im Jong Hee , Ko Jae‐Heung , Lee Yeirin , Lee Sang‐Won , Han Kyung‐Hwan 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Cellular sugar starvation and/or energy deprivation serves as an important signaling cue for the live cells to trigger the necessary stress adaptation response. When exposed to cellular energy stress (ES) conditions, the plants reconfigure metabolic pathways and rebalance energy status while restricting vegetative organ growth. Despite the vital importance of this ES‐induced growth restriction, the regulatory mechanism underlying the response remains largely elusive in plants.

Using plant cell‐ and whole plant‐based functional analyses coupled with extended genetic validation, we show that cellular ES‐activated SNF1‐related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1.1) directly interacts with and phosphorylates E2Fa transcription factor, a critical cell cycle regulator.

Phosphorylation of E2Fa by SnRK1.1 leads to its proteasome‐mediated protein degradation, resulting in S‐phase repression and organ growth restriction.

Our findings show that ES‐dependently activated SnRK1.1 adjusts cell proliferation and vegetative growth for plants to cope with constantly fluctuating environments.
Differences in brain functional networks for audiovisual integration during reading between children and adults
Authors: Li Junjun , Yang Yang , Viñas‐Guasch Nestor , Yang Yinghui , Bi Hong‐Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBuilding robust letter‐to‐sound correspondences is a prerequisite for developing reading capacity. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the development of audiovisual integration for reading are largely unknown. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging in a lexical decision task to investigate functional brain networks that support audiovisual integration during reading in developing child readers (10–12 years old) and skilled adult readers (20–28 years old). The results revealed enhanced connectivity in a prefrontal–superior temporal network (including the right medial frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and left superior temporal gyrus) in adults relative to children, reflecting the development of attentional modulation of audiovisual integration involved in reading processing. Furthermore, the connectivity strength of this brain network was correlated with reading accuracy. Collectively, this study, for the first time, elucidates the differences in brain networks of audiovisual integration for reading between children and adults, promoting the understanding of the neurodevelopment of multisensory integration in high‐level human cognition.
Does the Dual Mobility Cup Reduce Dislocation After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients at High Risk of Dislocation?
Authors: Chen Mingliang , Takahashi Eiji , Kaneuji Ayumi , Tachi Yoshiyuki , Fukui Makoto , Orita Yugo , Ichiseki Toru , Zhou You , Kawahara Norio 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe dual mobility cup (DMC) is designed to extend the longevity of the prosthesis by improving stability, enhancing the range of motion, and decreasing impingement without increasing wear. We hypothesized that DMC would reduce the risk of dislocation in elderly patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of DMC‐total hip arthroplasty (THA) in elderly patients at high risk of dislocation.MethodsFrom June 2016 to March 2020, 94 patients with a mean age of 77.7 years (97 hips) who underwent a posterolateral approach for DMC‐THA in our department were followed up for at least one year. Preoperative and postoperative pelvic tilt angles (PTA) and DMC orientation were prospectively collected for all patients. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. A parametric test was used for normal distribution, and a non‐parametric test was used for non‐normal distribution.ResultsAbduction and anteversion angles of the cup were 42.4 and 18.0° in the supine position immediately postoperative. The average PTA for patients in the supine and standing positions were 26.5 and 34.5°, respectively. When moving from the supine to the standing position, patients experienced a mean posterior pelvic tilt of 9°. No intraoperative acetabular‐related complications were recorded. Postoperative complications included early infection in one patient (1.0%) and dislocation in one patient (1.0%).ConclusionOur study demonstrates that DMC‐THA provides satisfactory short‐term outcomes in elderly patients at a high risk of dislocation, regardless of the change in PTA resulting from postural transition.
Environmental influences on childhood asthma—The effect of diet and microbiome on asthma
Authors: Lunjani Nonhlanhla , Walsh Laura J. , Venter Carina , Power Matthew , MacSharry John , Murphy Desmond M. , O'Mahony Liam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly life dietary patterns and timely maturation of mucosa‐associated microbial communities are important factors influencing immune development and for establishing robust immune tolerance networks. Microbial fermentation of dietary components in vivo generates a vast array of molecules, some of which are integral components of the molecular circuitry that regulates immune and metabolic functions. These in turn protect against aberrant inflammatory processes and promote effector immune responses that quickly eliminate pathogens. Multiple studies suggest that changes in dietary habits, altered microbiome composition, and microbial metabolism are associated with asthma risk and disease severity. While it remains unclear whether these microbiome alterations are a cause or consequence of dysregulated immune responses, there is significant potential for using diet in targeted manipulations of the gut microbiome and its metabolic functions in promoting immune health. In this article, we will summarize our knowledge to date on the role of dietary patterns and microbiome activities on immune responses within the airways. Given the malleability of the human microbiome, its integration into the immune system, and its responsiveness to diet, this makes it a highly attractive target for therapeutic and nutritional intervention in children with asthma.
Efficacy and safety oftwice‐dailytramadol hydrochloride bilayersustained‐releasetablets with an immediate release component for postherpetic neuralgia: Results of a PhaseIII, randomized,double‐blind,placebo‐controlled,treatment‐withdrawalstudy
Authors: Kawai Shinichi , Hasegawa Jun , Ito Hideki , Fukuuchi Yasuo , Nakano Hideshi , Ohtani Hideaki , Sasaki Kazutaka , Adachi Takeshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the efficacy and safety of twice‐daily bilayer sustained‐release tramadol hydrochloride tablets (35% immediate‐release; 65% sustained‐release) in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.MethodsThis was a Phase III treatment‐withdrawal study with 1–4‐week dose‐escalation, 1‐week fixed‐dose, and 4‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled withdrawal periods performed at 43 medical institutions in Japan. Patients aged ≥20 years, ≥3 months after the onset of herpes zoster with localized, persistent pain despite fixed‐dose analgesics for ≥2 weeks before enrollment were eligible. Patients started tramadol at 100 mg/day and its dose escalated to a maximum of 400 mg/day to achieve a reduction in their Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain of ≥2 points. Eligible patients were randomized to continue tramadol or switched to placebo for 4 weeks (double‐blind period). Patients were withdrawn due to inadequate analgesia (NRS deteriorated on ≥2 consecutive days) or their request.ResultsOverall, 252 patients started tramadol and 173 were randomized (tramadol: 85; placebo: 88). Tramadol was superior to placebo for the primary endpoint (time from randomization to an inadequate analgesic effect) with log‐rank testp = 0.0005. The hazard ratio was 0.353 (95% confidence interval 0.190–0.657) in favor of tramadol and fewer patients in the tramadol group experienced inadequate analgesic effects (16.9% vs. 39.8%). Adverse events in ≥10% of patients in the open‐label period were constipation (43.8%), nausea (34.9%), somnolence (18.5%), and dizziness (11.6%). The frequencies of adverse events in the double‐blind period were similar in both groups.ConclusionSustained‐release tramadol tablets with an immediate‐release component are effective and well tolerated for managing postherpetic neuralgia.
Reduction in pain‐related fear is not associated with improvement in spinal biomechanics but with decrease in movement‐evoked pain in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Christe Guillaume , Benaim Charles , Luthi François , Jolles Brigitte M. , Favre Julien 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsWhile a causal relationship between pain‐related fear and spinal movement avoidance in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) has frequently been postulated, evidence supporting this relationship is limited. This study aimed to test if decreases in pain‐related fear or catastrophizing were associated with improvements in spinal biomechanics, accounting for possible changes in movement‐evoked pain.MethodsSixty‐two patients with CLBP were assessed before and after an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program (IRP). Pain‐related fear was assessed with general and task‐specific measures. Lower and upper lumbar angular amplitude and velocity as well as paraspinal muscle activity were recorded during five daily‐life tasks to evaluate spinal biomechanics. Relationships were tested with multivariable linear regression analyses.ResultsThe large decreases in pain‐related fear and catastrophizing following the IRP were scarcely and inconsistently associated with changes in spinal biomechanics (< 3% of the models reported a statistically significant association). Results remained comparable for activities inducing more or less fear, for specific or general measures of pain‐related fear, and for analyses performed on the entire population or limited to subgroups of patients with higher levels of task‐specific fear. In contrast, reductions in task‐specific pain‐related fear were significantly associated with decreases in movement‐evoked pain in all tasks (r = 0.26–0.62, p ≤ 0.02).ConclusionThis study does not support an association between pain‐related fear and spinal movement avoidance. However, it provides evidence supporting a direct relationship between decreased pain‐related fear and decreased movement‐evoked pain, possibly explaining some mechanisms of the rehabilitation programs.
A practical access for fluoroscopically‐guided percutaneous sacroplasty: Case report
Authors: Silva‐Ortiz Victor M. , Plancarte‐Sanchez Ricardo , Reyes Ignacio , Gulati Amitabh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSacral metastases represent the lowest percentage of invasion to the spine, however, as chemotherapy treatments progress, the cancer survival rate has become higher, and the percentage of sacral metastases has increased. Treatment options for sacrum metastases are surgery, radiotherapy, and minimally invasive techniques such as sacroplasty and radiofrequency ablation. Knowing the repercussions that advancing the needle anteriorly (viscera) or medially (sacral roots) can have during the sacroplasty we are describing a technique to perform c‐arm sacroplasty in coaxial vision, to identify the anterior sacral cortical bone that is in the limits of the pelvic viscera as well as the sacral foraminal line.Case presentationIn the current report, we present a 75‐year‐old male patient with prostate cancer metastatic to S1, S2, S3 and iliac, with severe lumbar axial pain VAS 8/10. With a caudal tilt between 35‐45 degrees until aligning the sacrum in a coaxial view, a 11‐gauge Jamshidi needle is advanced from s3 to s1. The trajectory of the needle during the procedure is corroborated in AP and lateral, S1 is cemented, and the needle is withdrawn to cement S2 and S3. After the sacroplasty with the coaxial access, the patient reported VAS 1‐2/10.ConclusionsIt is important to offer an adequate quality of life to patients with sacral fractures, whether associated with cancer or sacral insufficiency fractures (SIF). Sacroplasty, being a recently described technique, can be a very viable option for these patients, that’s why it is important to have safe and reliable techniques to complement the approach of this minimally invasive technique.The coaxial access may be a safe and practical way to perform sacroplasty in these patients.
Prediction model for nonopiate‐induced neonatal abstinence syndrome
Authors: Morimoto Daisaku , Washio Yosuke , Sato Takeshi , Okamura Tomoka , Watanabe Hirokazu , Yoshimoto Junko , Tsukahara Hirokazu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) induced by opiate use is common worldwide. Psychiatric drugs are a more common cause of NAS in Japan but infants of mothers taking psychiatric medications do not always develop NAS. The purpose of this study was to develop a practical model for predicting the onset of nonopiate‐induced NAS, using variables available at birth.MethodsIn this diagnostic study, prediction models were developed using multivariable logistic regression with retrospective data collected at our hospital between 2010 and 2019. The NAS diagnosis was based on the Isobe score, and maternal medications were converted to dose equivalents.ResultsA total of 164 maternal and infant dyads met the inclusion criteria; 91 were included in the analysis, of whom 29 infants (32%) were diagnosed with NAS. Final models were created with and without the drug indices. The model without the drug indices consisted of neonatal head circumference in z‐scores and Apgar scores at 5 min < 9, and the model with the drug indices included these, as well as antipsychotics and hypnotics indices. The C‐statistics were 0.747 (95% CI: 0.638–0.856), and 0.795 (95% CI: 0.683–0.907), respectively, indicating that the models possessed good predictive accuracy for NAS onset.ConclusionsThis study developed models that predicted nonopiate‐induced NAS accurately. They may be further improved through the use of drug indices.
Parenting typologies in Georgian and Belgian adolescents: Associations with self‐esteem
Authors: Skhirtladze Nino , Van Petegem Stijn , Zimmermann Grégoire , Albert Sznitman Gillian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe parenting context is of fundamental importance for the optimal development of adolescents. Making use of a person‐centered approach, we derived parenting typologies from the perspective of Georgian and Belgian adolescents based on four dimensions of perceived parenting (responsiveness, structure, psychological control, and autonomy support). Further, we examined how perceived parenting typologies were associated with adolescents' self‐esteem. The study sample included 511 Georgian and 830 Belgian adolescents (N = 1341; 48% female). A cluster‐analytic procedure on the full sample was conducted separately for mothers and fathers. The analysis yielded five parenting typologies: Supportive—Highly structuring (high responsiveness and structure), Highly structuring—Moderately controlling (high structure and psychological control, moderate—responsiveness), Supportive—Low structuring/controlling (high responsiveness and autonomy support, low structure and psychological control), Highly controlling (very high psychological control, low responsiveness and autonomy support) and Uninvolved (low on all dimensions). Results indicated that the Highly structuring—Moderately controlling paternal cluster was more prevalent in the Belgian sample. A country‐moderating effect was found with the paternal Uninvolved profile associated with low levels of self‐esteem in Belgian adolescents, but with moderate levels of self‐esteem in Georgian adolescents.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocleavage of Bis‐decyl Pteroic Acid: A Folate Derivative with Affinity to Biomembranes†
Authors: Fonseca José Luis , Sosa María José , Petroselli Gabriela , Erra‐Balsells Rosa , Quindt Matías I. , Bonesi Sergio M. , Greer Alexander , Greer Edyta M. , Thomas Andrés H. , Vignoni Mariana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere, we provide mechanistic insight to the photocleavage of a compound in the folate family, namely pteroic acid. A bis‐decyl chain derivative of pteroic acid was synthesized, structurally characterized and photochemically investigated. We showed that, like folic acid, pteroic acid and the decylated derivative undergo a photocleavage reaction in the presence of H2O, while no reaction was observed in methanol solution. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were carried out to predict relative stabilities of hypothetical mono‐, bis‐ and tris‐decylated pteroic acid derivatives to help rationalize the regioselectivity of the bis‐decyl pteroic acid product. Additionally, the lipophilicity of the bis‐decyl pteroic acid appears to confer a hydrophobic property enabling an interaction with biomembranes.