bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired fibrin clot lysis is associated with increased mortality in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Gołąb Aleksandra , Plicner Dariusz , Wypasek Ewa , Natorska Joanna , Kapelak Bogusław , Plens Krzysztof , Undas Anetta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is primarily thromboembolic by nature. We investigated whether impaired fibrinolysis observed in cardiovascular diseases is associated with long‐term mortality following CABG.MethodsThe study population comprised 292 consecutive patients (aged 64.6 ± 8.1 years) who underwent scheduled CABG. We measured plasma clot lysis time (CLT) preoperatively as a measure of fibrinolysis capacity. Cardiovascular and all‐cause deaths were recorded during a median follow‐up of 13.8 years.ResultCLT positively correlated with age (r = .56, p < .001), fibrinogen (r = .25, p = .002) and EuroSCORE I (r = .32, p < .001). The cardiovascular and overall mortality rates were 3.0 and 4.9 per 100 patient‐years (32.4% vs 52.8%) respectively. In patients who died from cardiovascular and all causes, CLT was prolonged compared with survivors (both p < .050). Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed that long‐term cardiovascular and all‐cause deaths were associated with CLT (HR per 10 min 1.206; 95% CI 1.037–1.402, p = .015 and HR 1.164; 96% CI 1.032–1.309, p = .012), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR per 1 mmol/L 1.556; 95% CI 1.205–2.010, p < .001 and HR 1.388; 96% CI 1.125–1.703, p = .002), C‐reactive protein (HR per 10 mg/L 1.171; 95% CI 1.046–1.312, p = .006 and HR 1.127; 95% CI 1.005–1.237, p = .022) and EuroSCORE I (HR 1.173; 95% CI 1.016–1.355, p = .030 and HR 1.183; 95% CI 1.059–1.317, p = .003 respectively). Type 2 diabetes was solely associated with overall mortality (HR 1.594; 96% CI 1.088–2.334, p = .017).ConclusionsIn this study, we showed that reduced fibrin clot susceptibility to fibrinolysis is weekly associated with long‐term mortality in advanced CAD.
Validation of a sampling method: using one square centimeter for sampling the immature stages of Bemisia tabaci in soybean
Authors: Weber Igor Daniel , Czepak Cecilia , Albernaz‐Godinho Karina Cordeiro , Borges Kevyllen Moreira Barbosa , Coelho Alexandre Siqueira Guedes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently, a sampling method was proposed to estimate the population of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae), by counting its immature stages on 1 cm² leaf surface as a sampling unit to reduce the effort required. However, no study has verified whether this sampling unit could accurately estimate the immature stages similar to counting individuals in the total area of a soybean leaflet. Thus, we studied the correlation between the counts performed in 1 cm² and those in the total area of a leaflet to validate the ‘squared centimeter’ method as a sampling unit for immature stages of the whitefly. The research was carried out in two commercial soybean crops during the 2018/2019 harvest in Brazil. Each sampling was conducted by four individuals at 12 random collection points in the field. A plant was divided into three parts: apical, middle, and lower thirds, where a trifoliate leaf was removed from each of these plant thirds. For the evaluation, the trifoliate leaf was divided into left, central, and right leaflets. The immature whitefly population on its abaxial face was evaluated using two methods: counting in 1 cm² and counting in the total area of the leaflet. The four stages of immature B. tabaci quantified and identified were egg, crawler, nymphal stage 1–4 (N1–N4), and pseudo‐pupa. Significant positive correlations were detected between the mean counts in 1 cm² and in the total area of the soybean leaflet for the four whitefly stages. However, the correlation was weak for the crawler stage. Therefore, this study elucidates that 1 cm2 as sampling unit is suitable for estimating the population densities of eggs, N1–N4, and pseudo‐pupa stages of B. tabaci in soybean plants.
Exploring the potential impacts of machine learning on trust in fishery management
Authors: Sohns Antonia , Hickey Gordon M. , Temby Owen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent literature and empirical research show that both trust and collaboration are of great importance for effective fishery management. The application of Machine Learning (ML) to fishery management offers exciting new opportunities for data synthesis and analysis and integrated insights across typically siloed domains. Yet, challenges remain as ML approaches provide new means of monitoring, enforcement and data analysis. Trust is among the underlying bases of collaboration, and control is the main means of shaping collaborative decision‐making techniques. As ML changes the dynamics of governance and enhances management control mechanisms, ML affects trust. ML methods are being introduced into a context that suffers a lack of transparency and trust between fishers and managers. As ML technologies continue to be used to inform fishery management and influence knowledge sharing and communication within the fishery network, forms of trust existing in the management network will be impacted differently. This article provides a concise review of a subset of potential ML applications to fishery management to explore how these emerging methods may impact forms of trust between fishery stakeholders.
Majority Rules: Establishing Postamajority Support to Disabled Children in New York
Authors: Marek Kamila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany families in New York have disabled children who are chronically dependent on others for care. Yet, the State is in the minority of jurisdictions that fails to adequately recognize a parental duty to support a disabled adult child. New York law generally terminates a parent's legal duty to provide support once his or her child reaches the age of majority. This Note proposes adopting legislation in New York to enforce an indefinite postmajority support order if: (1) the child became disabled prior to his or her eighteenth birthday and (2) the child is incapable of becoming self‐sufficient.
APSIM‐Tropical Pasture model parameterization for simulating Marandu palisade grass growth and soil water in irrigated and rainfed cut‐and‐carry systems
Authors: de Souza Débora Pantojo , Mendonça Fernando Campos , Bosi Cristiam , Pezzopane José Ricardo Macedo , Santos Patricia Menezes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProcess‐based models such as the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) can be useful to simulate pasture growth and development. This aim of the study is to parameterise the APSIM‐Tropical Pasture model to simulate Marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu), irrigated and rainfed, under cut‐and‐carry management. Parameterisation was performed with experimental data collected in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil (Experiment 1: 11 growth cycles), and São Carlos, SP, Brazil (Experiment 2: 9 growth cycles). In both experiments, aboveground live biomass, leaf, stem, crown and dead material mass, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area index (LAI) and height were assessed. In Experiment 1, soil water content was measured with a capacitance probe, at depths from 0 to 0.9 m. Calibration was performed for base temperature, light extinction coefficient and radiation use efficiency. The calibrated model proved to be accurate in simulating living biomass, leaf mass, LAI and height for all tested variables. In the irrigated system, the statistics presented values between 0.64 and 0.86 for coefficient of determination (R2), between 0.59 and 0.70 for efficiency coefficient (NSE) and between 0.88 and 0.95 for the Willmott’s agreement index (d). For these same variables, in the rainfed system, R2 values ranged from 0.70 to 0.86; NSE from 0.54 to 0.70; and average d was 0.93. The simulation of soil water content showed satisfactory results for rainfed pasture, but was less precise for the irrigated treatment. The calibration of the APSIM‐Tropical Pasture model for Marandu palisade grass resulted in efficient simulations of pasture growth under cut‐and‐carry management.
Institutional environment, development model transformation and North–South economic disparity in China
Authors: Xie Dongshui , Bai Caiquan , Xiao Weiwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFrom the perspective of the institutional environment, this study explores the reasons and mechanisms behind the widening of the economic disparity between China's North and South during the economic development transformation from a factor expansion model to an innovation‐driven model. By defining the institutional environment in terms of the government–market relationship and the non‐state‐owned economy development, the theoretical analysis shows that compared with the South, the government intervenes more in the market and the proportion of state‐owned economy is higher in the North. The differences in the institutional environment are an important reason for the widening of the North–South economic disparity in China during the transformation of China's development model. Taking this transformation after the 2008 international financial crisis as a quasi‐natural experiment, this study constructs a difference‐in‐difference model for empirical testing based on the differences in the regional impact of the economic development model transformation on different institutional environments. It was found that after the economic development model entered the innovation‐driven stage, those regions with a better institutional environment significantly promoted their economic growth. Further mechanism tests have found that innovation capability is an important mechanism for the institutional environment that affects the North–South economic disparity.
Influence of structural change by heat treatment on the wettability of borosilicate glass
Authors: Maeda Hirotaka , Sakai Tomoyuki , Matsuura Fuuga 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe chemical composition and surface structure of glass affect its wettability and can thus lead to the formation of various functional surfaces. This study examined the influence of the structural changes induced by the heat treatment of sodium borosilicate glass on its wettability. Specifically, 15Na2O‐40B2O3‐45SiO2 glass was prepared through melt‐quenching. The obtained glass was subjected to heat treatment at 600°C for 3 h. The heat‐treated glass exhibited a higher hydrophilicity and surface free energy than the nontreated glass. The heat treatment led to a variation in the relative ratio associated with the boron coordination number and nonbridging oxygen. Therefore, the heat‐treatment‐induced changes in the glass structure considerably enhanced the wettability of the glass.
Digital melanoma in Caucasians: a descriptive and survival study according to sublocation
Authors: Lacasta‐Plasin Clara , Rodríguez‐Lomba Enrique , Escat Cortes Jose Luis , Suárez‐Fernández Ricardo , Avilés‐Izquierdo Jose Antonio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesDigital melanoma is an uncommon form of acral melanoma that is anatomically restricted to the finger. The aim of this study is to provide specific epidemiological and clinical information about this subtype of melanoma, as well as to identify differences in recurrence and survival depending on the anatomical sublocation.Patients and methodsWe describe a group of 45 Caucasian patients with digital melanoma divided into three groups: nail unit melanoma (group A), finger skin melanoma (group B), and those melanomas that involve both nail and adjacent skin (group C).ResultsThe mean tumor thickness was 4.66 mm, and the most common histological subtype is acral lentiginous melanoma. Group C was more frequent in older men and was thicker and more frequently ulcerated (P < 0.05). In addition, patients in group C developed distant metastases more frequently and had a significantly lower median disease‐free survival (26.60 months) compared with group A (69.47 months) and group B (89.81 months) (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to our results, digital melanoma limited to nail apparatus or finger skin was associated with a better prognosis, while those affecting both nail apparatus and skin showed lower melanoma‐specific survival.
Early childhood growth trajectories in a Medicaid population
Authors: Khalsa Amrik Singh , Li Rui , Rausch Joseph , Klebanoff Mark A. , Ingol Taniqua T. , Boone Kelly M. , Keim Sarah A. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundEvidence on the role of early growth trajectories and later obesity risk is primarily based on privately insured or universally insured samples.ObjectivesWe aimed to characterize and determine factors associated with early growth trajectories and estimate associations with overweight/obesity risk in a Medicaid‐insured and uninsured cohort.MethodsInfants seen at a large pediatric academic centre in 2010–2016 were included. Weight and length/height measurements were converted to age and sex‐specific BMIz‐scores (BMIz) based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Growth Standards. Group‐based trajectories were modelled using BMIz created groups. Logistic and log‐binomial regression models estimated associations between membership in trajectories and maternal/child factors and overweight or obesity at 36, 48, and 60 months, separately. Analyses were performed between 2019 and 2021.ResultsThe best‐fitting model identified five BMIz trajectories among 30 189 children and 310 113 clinical encounters; two trajectories showed rapid rise in BMIz. Lower maternal education, pre‐pregnancy maternal overweight/obese status, and maternal smoking were positively associated with both rapid‐rising BMIz trajectories. Children in either of the two rapid‐rising trajectories were 3.00 (95% CI: 2.85, 3.25), 2.97 (95% CI: 2.77, 3.18) and 2.76 (95% CI: 2.53, 3.01) times more likely to have overweight or obesity at 36, 48, and 60 months, respectively compared to children in the stable trajectory groups.ConclusionsAmong Medicaid insured and uninsured children, several maternal and child characteristics were associated with early rapid‐rise in BMIz. Clinical monitoring of early rapidly rising BMI may be important to address modifiable risk factors for obesity in families from low‐income households.
Octopamine receptor genes are involved in the starvation response ofRhopalosiphum padi(Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Wang Suji , Tang Hongcheng , Huang Wenjie , Liu Xi , Hou Wenhua , Cesar Piñero Jaime , Peng Xiong , Chen Maohua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInsect octopamine (OA) receptors are G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that play essential roles in physiological and behavioural processes. However, there is little information about the function of OA receptors in the aphids' response to stress. From the genome sequence ofRhopalosiphum padigenome sequence, a cosmopolitan cereal pest, we identified six OA receptor genesRpOAMB,RpOctR,RpOctβ1R,RpOctβ2R,RpOctβ3R,RpOctR‐likewith two, one, one, four, four, seven exons, respectively. All the OA receptors contain seven transmembrane domains, which were the signature of GPCRs. Our results showed that (1) the contents of OA increased significantly after food starvation, (2) the transcription levels ofRpOAMB,RpOctR,RpOctβ2RandRpOctβ3Rincreased after starvation and were restored after re‐feeding, and (3) the expression levels of these four genes decreased significantly 48 h post‐injection of dsRNA that targeted the respective genes. Knockdown ofRpOctR,RpOctβ2RorRpOctβ3Rgenes significantly increased aphid mortality under 24 h starvation conditions. Mortality ofR. padiinjected with dsRpOctRor dsRpOctβ2Rwas significantly higher than control under 48 h starvation treatments. This is the first report on the role of OA receptors in the starvation response of aphids. The current study provides knowledge for a better understanding the physiological roles of insect OA receptors.
Burnout in rehabilitation medicine trainees: a call for more research
Authors: Ponsford Michael W. , Bilszta Justin L. , Olver John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBurnout is recognised as a significant occupational hazard for medical professionals. For graduate trainees, across various medical specialties, there is growing evidence burnout results in personal harm and reduces the quality of patient care. Rehabilitation medicine, with its challenge of emotional exhaustion bought about by greater involvement in patient psychosocial well‐being over a prolonged period, is significantly under‐represented in research into burnout prevalence, impact and prevention strategies. We argue the lack of any evidence base in the Australian healthcare context negatively impacts the ability of training organisations to appropriately support trainees experiencing burnout.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention instrument: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Huang Xuemiao , Zan Tao , Tang Jing , Zhang Dan , Zu Wanting , Wang Taiwei , Wang Lisheng , Nie Wenbo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo carry out the translation and cultural adaptation of the attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention instrument for use in Chinese and to analyse the validity and reliability of the adapted version of the questionnaire. In this quantitative, descriptive, cross‐sectional study, after translation of the questionnaire from English to Chinese, back‐translation, and assessment of equivalence between the original and back‐translated version by an expert panel, the Chinese version instrument was assessed by a convenience sample of registered nurses in several hospitals in cities of China. The internal consistency and content validity of the instrument was tested, and a confirmatory factor analysis was also performed. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the goodness of fit of the five‐factor model after the scale localization was not ideal. Therefore, confirmatory factor analysis is performed to obtain the three‐factor solution of comparative fit index, goodness‐of‐fit index, and adjusted goodness‐of‐fit index reaching the acceptable standard. The instrument score of nurses with wound care certification was significantly higher than that of nurses without wound care special certification. The adapted version of the instrument for Chinese nurses can be used as a tool to measure attitudes towards pressure injury prevention.
Profiles of second victim symptoms and desired support strategies among Korean nurses: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Choi Eun Young , Pyo Jeehee , Ock Minsu , Lee Haeyoung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsTo clarify second victim symptoms subgroups, explore the factors affecting profile membership and determine how desired support strategies differ between the subgroups.DesignA cross‐sectional study using an online survey.MethodsA total of 378 Korean staff nurses directly involved in patient safety incidents were recruited between December 2019 and February 2020. Data analyses consisted of latent profile analysis, multinomial logistic regression and analysis of variance.ResultsThree latent profiles were identified: 'mild symptoms', 'moderate symptoms' and 'severe symptoms'. Lower organizational support and higher non‐work‐related support were more likely to belong to the severe symptoms' profile. Incidents that caused temporary harm to the patient were more strongly associated with an increased likelihood of belonging to the moderate and severe symptoms profiles than no‐harm events. Participants with severe symptoms agreed more with the usefulness of the support strategies than other participants; the usefulness of the psychological support strategies was rated particularly high. Participants in the mild and moderate symptoms groups agreed more strongly with the usefulness of coping strategies following patient safety incidents than psychological support. The strategy that all profiles considered the most useful was having the opportunity to take time away from clinical duties.ConclusionTailored support should be provided to nurses with factors influencing the profile membership and subgroups of second victim symptoms.ImpactThis study confirmed the need to provide organizational support to nurses as second victims and provided valuable evidence for developing support programs tailored to the subgroups of second victim symptoms.
Validation of the A&D UA‐651 Plus/UA‐651SL Plus automated sphygmomanometer according to the ISO 81060–2, 2018 and ISO 81060–2 Amendment 1, 2020, which resulted in the currently pending Amendment to Amendment 1
Authors: Alpert Bruce S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2020 the ANSI/AAMI/ISO published Amendment 1 to the 81060–2 Standard. The purpose was to try to address issues relating to the distribution of subjects with respect to limb size ranges. It also required a new plot showing the limb circumferences on the x‐axis and the device minus reference errors on the y‐axis (Alpert plot). The study reported here showed inadequacies of the Amendment if significantly overlapping cuffs were to be tested. The innovative approach led to the testing of 135 subjects. Requirements for blood pressure (BP), arm circumference, and gender were fulfilled. The standard same arm sequential protocol was used. Criterion 1 calculations gave a mean ± standard deviation (SD) device minus manual BP values of 0.22 ± 7.90 mmHg for systolic BP and ‐0.68 ± 7.36 mmHg for diastolic BP. The maximum allowed mean value for either measurement is 5.0 mmHg. The SD values for Criterion 2 were 6.03 mmHg for systolic BP (maximum allowed 6.95) and 6.47 mmHg for diastolic BP (maximum allowed 6.90). All results passed the Standard requirements. This study demonstrated inadequacies of Amendment 1 and led to the development of an Amendment 2, still in the process of finalization. The new Amendment corrects the issues with significantly overlapping cuffs and “wide‐range” cuffs. The A&D UA‐651 Plus/UA‐651SL Plus BP monitors and the five cuffs not only passed the requirements of 81060–2:2018 and Amendment 1 but also a revised and more rigorous protocol with more subjects involved. These devices and cuffs can be used with confidence.
Blake's debt: Artisanship and the future of labor
Authors: James John Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTaking as prerequisite Peter Frase's argument that the labor markets and living conditions of the twenty‐first century will be primarily determined by the dual “specters of ecological catastrophe and automation,” this article investigates William Blake's poetic response to the problems of religious and financial debt within the context of his own environmentally compromised era. It briefly historicizes the financial components of Blake's printmaking before turning to an examination of his illuminated books, which imagine a form of debt relief grounded in a millenarian theory of political intervention. While Blake's investment in artisanal labor reveals an aversion to technological reproducibility, his cyclical notion of an artificially constructed ecological future models a technologically hybrid ontology useful for addressing Frase's nexus of environmental destruction and mechanized production.