bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central nervous system involvement at initial diagnosis of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: a retrospective study of a consecutive 12-year case series
Authors: Wu Wanchun , Ren Kexin , Li Na , Luo Qian , Zhou Huijie , Hai Tao , Zou Liqun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement at initial diagnosis of Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) are exceedingly rare, and the clinicopathologic features of CNS involvement have not been well characterized.Methods We reviewed 662 patients with ENKTL from August 2008 to September 2019. Their clinical and pathological features, treatments, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Results The median follow-up time was 72 months. Nine of 662 (1.4%) patients were diagnosed with CNS involvement. Among them, the median age was 37 years, and seven patients were male. All patients had positive EBV-DNA, and three patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis with CNS involvement. Common extranodal involved sites included bone, paranasal sinuses, breast, kidney, adrenal gland and bone marrow. All patients were positive for cytoplasmic CD3ε, cytotoxic granule proteins, and EBER and negative for CD20. All patients received intrathecal chemotherapy and at least one cycle of systemic chemotherapy. Seven patients had died and two were still alive by the last follow-up. The median overall survival (OS) in patients with CNS involvement at initial diagnosis of ENKTL was 9 months, and the 1-year OS was 44.4%. Five patients achieved a complete response after asparaginase-based chemotherapy; two were still alive, one died of systemic progression, one died of ENKTL-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, and one died of treatment-related infections.Conclusion CNS involvement at initial diagnosis of ENKTL is extremely rare with poor prognosis. There is no standard treatment, and asparaginase-based chemotherapy combined with intrathecal chemotherapy might yield good efficacy.
Impact of appendectomy with Ladd procedure for midgut volvulus
Authors: Yanagida Yoshitsugu , Kawashima Hiroshi , Ishimaru Tetsuya , Hattori Kengo , Oiki Hironobu , Iguchi Masafumi , Miyake Kazue , Fujishiro Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The Ladd procedure is the standard surgical technique for midgut volvulus with which a concurrent appendectomy is often performed to prevent diagnostic errors of appendicitis later in life. However, its effect on the Ladd procedure remains unclear. Here we assessed the impact of concurrent appendectomy on the Ladd procedure.Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent surgery for midgut volvulus with malrotation in 2000–2020 were reviewed. The patients were divided into groups with or without appendectomy for comparison of their characteristics and surgical outcomes.Results: Seventy patients were evaluated, among whom appendectomy was performed in eight by surgeon preference. Patient characteristics, operative time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, and volvulus recurrence rate did not differ significantly between groups. There were no cases of appendicitis. Bowel obstruction occurred in four cases (50%) in the appendectomy group (one required surgical intervention) versus six cases (9.7%) in the without appendectomy group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In our study, bowel obstruction was more common among patients who underwent appendectomy with the Ladd procedure, suggesting that concomitant appendectomy might increase the risk of postoperative bowel obstruction due to unnecessary adhesions requiring surgical intervention.
Psoas Muscle Loss During Treatment Is a Negative Predictive Factor In Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Öztürk Hüseyin Furkan , Arslan Suheyla Aytaç , İnan Gonca Altınışık , Aral İpek Pınar , Açıkgöz Sedef Gökhan , Beyaz Havva , Tezcan Yılmaz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Our aim in this study is to examine the changes in the psoas muscle during the gastric cancer treatment process and to evaluate the effects on prognosis.Methods:Twenty-eight gastric cancer patients underwent curative surgery and chemoradiotherapy were analyzed. Changes were noted by calculating the psoas muscle areas before and after the cancer treatment. Patients were classified as high Δ and low Δ according to median change. The effect of muscle loss on progression-free and overall survival was examined using the logistic regression model.Results:Psoas muscle loss was observed in all patients during the treatment. While the median psoas muscle area before treatment was 14.5 cm2, it was calculated to 11.8 cm2 after treatment (p = .0).In the high delta group with excessive muscle loss, 3-year progression-free survival was 38%, compared with 80% in the low delta group (p=0.07). The 3-year overall survival was found to be 42% in the high delta group, while it was 84% ​​in the group with less muscle loss (p=0.05). Conclusion: Psoas muscle loss is a negative predictive factor in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemoradiotherapy. Nutritional assessment and support during the treatment process may play a role in survival.
Primary gastric lymphoma and spontaneous remission associated with co-infection of COVID-19 and undefined typical bacterial agent.
Authors: Kurmanova Gaukhar , Bossatbekov Yerkebulan , Alimanova Zhanna , Tankayeva Sholpan , Bugibaeva Akbota , Sarawata Abhishek , Singh Kajal , Abbas Fuza Adhur Manhuvalappa , Singh Neetu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: A case report underlines a clinical experience of a patient with primary gastric lymphoma disease. The article demonstrates reduction of the lymphoproliferative disorder to the spontaneous remission, after community-acquired pneumonia with co-infection of COVID-19, and undefined typical bacterial agent. A positive response has gone through a period of COVID-19 condition and appeared ongoing the standard antibacterial and basic symptomatically treatment. Case presentation: A 65-years-old woman was admitted by ambulance to the emergency department with sever condition. In time of hospitalization, the patient has diagnosed with ulcer form of primary gastric lymphoma with signs of ongoing capillary bleeding, thrombocytopenic syndrome, normochromic anaemia, diabetes militias type 2 with complication of hypoglycaemic condition associated with metformin, and chronic bronchitis. The data laboratory and instrumental investigations confirmed the condition. Conclusion: The article underlines extremely positive response up to disappearing of ulcer form of primary gastric lymphoproliferative disorder. The condition associated with anti-tumor effect of highly cytokines production because of COVID-19 and undefined typical bacterial agent.
Determination of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH1) mutation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma specimens
Authors: Shayanfar Nasrin , Zare-Mirzaie Ali , Mohammadpour Mahsa , Jafari Ensieh , Mehrtash Amirhosein , Emtiazi Nikoo , Tajik Fatemeh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity among cancers. To date, no tools have been identified to predict the evolution of this cancer. There is an interest in recognizing new biomarkers that can help in the early detection and prediction of the clinical outcome of this cancer. Therefore, the present study evaluates the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation in LSCC patients.Methods: In this study, 50 patients with LSCC were studied. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the tissue expression of IDH1. In samples reported negative or poor positive in IHC staining, gene sequencing using the PCR technique was used to confirm the diagnosis. The relationship between IDH1 mutation and tumor differentiation, pathological tumor stage, lymph node involvement, lymphovascular and perineural involvement, tumor size, age, and sex of the patient were evaluated.Results: The mean age of patients was 61 ± 8.46 years, of which 98% were male. The frequency of IDH1 mutation was 78%. The relationship between the pathological stage and lymphovascular invasion status of the tumor and IDH1 status was not statistically significant. In contrast, the relationship between the degree of differentiation, lymphatic involvement, perineural invasion status, and IDH1 status showed a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05).Conclusion: This study showed a high frequency of IDH1 mutation in patients with LSCC. The IDH1 mutation was also associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and perineural involvement. These findings can help refine potential treatment and monitoring strategies in LSCC patients.
Blood glucose changes in general and spinal anesthesia
Authors: Al-Fawaris Ma'moun , Al-jaser Youssef , Kahal Fares , Torbey André , Rakmani Najwa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:
Medical literature describes how several metabolic and hormonal changes occur while undergoing different kinds of Anesthesia. This study aims to compare the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on blood glucose.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 patients from Al-Zahrawi Hospital. The patients were divided into three groups: patients with diabetes - patients without diabetes - patients with gestational diabetes. Blood glucose levels were measured before surgery and in the first and second hours after surgery, for patients undergoing both general and spinal anesthesia.
Results:
There were no statistically significant differences in the average blood glucose levels before and after surgery in patients with diabetes undergoing the two types of anesthesia: general anesthesia - spinal anesthesia. There were no statistically significant differences in the average blood glucose levels before and after surgery in non-diabetic patients, undergoing the two types of anesthesia: general anesthesia - spinal anesthesia. There were no statistically significant differences in the average blood glucose before and after surgery in patients with gestational diabetes, according to the two types of anesthesia: general anesthesia - spinal anesthesia.
Conclusion:
There are no clear differences between general and spinal anesthesia in affecting the levels of blood glucose. It is reasonable to suggest that blood glucose levels should be monitored during surgery in patients undergoing general or spinal anesthesia and during the 6, 12, and 24 postoperative hours.
Innovative SMEs Collaborating with Others in Europe
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto , Laureti Lucio , Matarrese Marco 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The following article investigates the determinants that lead innovative SMEs to collaborate. Data from 36 European countries is analyzed using Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS and Dynamic Panel models. The analysis shows that the ability of innovative SMEs to collaborate is positively associated with the following variables: "Linkages", "Share High and Medium high-tech manufacturing", "Finance and Support", "Broadband Penetration", "Non-R&D Innovation Expenditure" and negatively to the following variables: "New Doctorate graduates", "Venture Capital", "Foreign Controlled Enterprises Share of Value Added", "Public-Private Co-Publications", "Population Size", "Private co-funding of Public R&D expenditures". A clustering with k-Means algorithm optimized by the Silhouette coefficient was then performed and four clusters were found. A network analysis was then carried out and the result shows the presence of three composite structures of links between some European countries. Furthermore, a comparison was made between eight different predictive machine learning algorithms and the result shows that the Random Forest Regression algorithm performs better and predicts a reduction in the ability of innovative SMEs to collaborate equal to an average of 4.4%. Later a further comparison is made with augmented data. The results confirm that the best predictive algorithm is Random Forest Regression, the statistical errors of the prediction decrease on average by 73.5%, and the ability of innovative SMEs to collaborate is predicted to growth by 9.2%.
Mathematics Of Uncertainty For Quantum Computing
Authors: Thakur Usama 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Quantum Mechanics and Computation has a major problem called
the measurement problem. This has given physicists a very hard
time over the years when I first looked into the problem my approach was
simple find a new number system that can go with the uncertainty of a
Quantum particle the paper deals with the mathematics of uncertainty
which has solved 2 millenium prize problems [4], [5] and quantum mea-
surement problem very efficiently. We divide chaos into two parts low
chaos and high chaos then we find the desired value [18] inside the inter-
section of both. This helps us find something in a ℵ3 >>> ∞ this takes
the problems around us to the next level if we are able to control a chaos
then we can achieve pretty much anything.
Determination of Active Vitamin D Levels, Synthesis, Demand, and Utilization
Authors: Maloney Sean Robert 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Measurement of plasma (serum) 25(OH)D3, levels, (the precursor of active vitamin D) is the current method of evaluating vitamin D status. The measurement of active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and its precursor, 25(OH)D 3 , in the serum does not always reflect the overall active vitamin D synthesis and utilization by the body. This may be especially true during periods of increased demand for this hormone. Active vitamin D synthesis and degradation can occur simultaneously and is often entirely an intracellular process. The process whereby much of active vitamin D is synthesized and degraded and how it is transported out of the cell and body is presented. A method of determining active vitamin D levels, synthesis, degradation, and utilization is also presented based on the measurement of the end metabolites of active vitamin D and of its precursor vitamin D.

Unlike other vitamins, active vitamin D is a hormone acting on many receptor sites in the body and it is an essential modulator of the immune system. The vitamin D hormone plays an active role in the initial suppression of invading microbials including viruses and in subduing the body’s inflammatory response to acute viral infections and reactivation of latent viruses. The conversion of precursor vitamin D supplements to active vitamin D may be hindered in individuals with elevated body mass Index (BMI) or percent body fat when initial stores of vitamin D precursors are low and demand for active vitamin D increases suddenly such as during acute systemic infections, trauma, or other physiological stressors.

In this paper, a molar balance approach involving vitamin D end metabolites is used to estimate fluctuating active vitamin D levels, synthesis, and demand. The ability to estimate active vitamin D levels, and synthesis may allow the establishment of actual active vitamin D levels in the body needed to suppress COVID-19 virus replication and to decrease COVID-19 virus stimulation of an exaggerated immune system inflammatory response. Determining actual active vitamin D levels and percent utilization/demand may prove vital in the treatment and monitoring of individuals with acute and sometimes life-threatening infections. This new information may allow clinicians to quickly adjust intervention with calcitriol, active vitamin D, 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , in order to achieve rapid suppression of viruses such as the COVID-19 virus and improvement in immune system’s ability to control its inflammatory response.
Induction of artesunate resistance in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain using intermittent exposure method and comparing P.fk13 sequence between susceptible and resistant strains
Authors: Barati Sahar , Haghi Afsaneh Motevalli , Nateghpour Mehdi , Zamani Zahra , Khodaveisi Sadegh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Malaria is a major health issues in a number of countries in the world, especially tropical countries. Over the past 50 years, the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum has expanded against the antimalarial drugs that had been used to treat the disease. Recently resistance to some derivatives of artemisinin and the failure of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) has threatened all major achievements in malaria control. Resistant strains are limited around the world, but it may spread very soon, hence the necessary to be prepared for any event regarding this matter, it is needed to organize more investigations about resistant strains and related genes. Preparation of a new resistant strain in the laboratory can provide opportunity to predict genes responsible for resistance. The aim of this study was to induce resistance to artesunate in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain using intermittent exposure method and comparing P.fk13 gene sequence between susceptible and resistance strains.Materials and Methods: Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain was cultured according to Trager & Jensen method with some modifications. Serial concentrations between 10-2 mol/l, to 10-7mol/l were prepared, then P.falciparum 3D7 was exposed to each of the dilution to determine IC50 and lethal dose. After 24 hours exposure the rate of parasitemia and mean of growth inhibitory percent were evaluated. Sensitivity reduction process was started from the concentration of 10-7mol/l and ended at 10-2mol/l. Exposed parasites were collected after at least 27 days after cultivation in each drug concentration. DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing process were performed to investigate any possible mutations in the pfk13 gene sequence.Results: Effectiveness of 10-2mol/l concentration of artemisinin was found as a lethal dose. The resistant strain was provided in the lab, sequenced and registered in the gene bank as P.f Art -2, (accession number MH796123. 1). Alignment of this registered sample showed no mutation in P.f kelch13 gene in comparison with standard strain submitted in the Genebank. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that resistance to artesunate in malaria parasite may occur but with no mutation in the P.f kelch13 gene. Therefore, whole genome sequencing should be applied to determine mutations in resistant strains.
Study of Activation Energy and Moisture Diffusivity of Various Dipping Solutions of Ivy gourd using Solar Dryer
Authors: Elangovan Elavarasan , NATARAJAN SENDHIL KUMAR 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study is aimed to enhance the shelf life of ivy gourd through the solar drying method in open, forced and natural convection mode. Ivy gourd is treated as the primary agent to prepare medicines and the stems, leaves and flowers are used to cure diseases related to diabetics, ulcer, skin. The normal shelf life is 2–3 days and it can be increased up to 6 months with an effective drying process. The experiment is intended to find the best drying process among the open, natural and forced convection mode with an initial dipping method with ascorbic acid, lemon juice, sugar solution, honey solutions individually and a control sample (without dipping). A 3kg sample of ivy gourd is dipped in 10g/L of each of the solutions and it is used for the three drying processes individually. The obtained results are indicating that the forced convection method for ascorbic acid is best among the other drying method, with the highest moisture diffusivity is 7.88×10− 8 m2/s and the lowest activation energy of 21.12 kJ/mol. It was observed that the drying kinetics of ivy gourd should be considered an indicator of efficiency for solar drying technique from an environmental safety perspective. The influence of dipping solution and drying mechanisms on the functionalities of drying are discussed with suitable illustrations.
Impact of historical land cover changes on land surface characteristics over the Indian region using the Land Information System.
Authors: jose vibin , Chandrasekar Anantharaman , Reddy Suraj 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study has employed a regional Land Surface Model (LSM) to investigate the impact of historical land cover changes on land surface characteristics over the Indian subcontinent for the period of 1930-2013. Four simulations that include a control run and three experiment runs are performed with the Noah 3.6 LSM within the Land Information System (LIS). The control run is performed with a MODIS-IGBP land cover map, while the three experimental runs are performed with three different potential land cover maps for the years 1930, 1975, and 2013. The potential land cover maps for the above three simulations are developed by blending the MODIS-IGBP data set with the fractional forest cover data set; the latter data is available for the years 1930, 1975, and 2013. Results indicate that the historical land cover change (1930 to 2013) has reduced the annual mean of latent heat flux and net surface radiation over the Indian domain by -24.74 W/m 2 and -14.18 W/m 2 respectively, while the sensible heat flux and the soil temperature has increased by 4.97 W/m 2 and 2.78 K. The annual mean change in latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and soil temperature demonstrate that the largest changes occur when the land cover changes from forest to urban land as compared to forest to cropland, forest to grassland and forest to open shrubland. The annual mean change in latent heat flux is moderately large for the land cover change from forest to open shrubland when compared to forest to grassland and forest to cropland. The above is attributed to the effects of evapotranspiration, which has high values for the cropland followed by grassland and open shrubland. Furthermore, the triple collocation method is employed to assess the impact of historical land cover change on soil moisture. Results indicate that the triple collocation method effectively demonstrates the impact of land cover change on soil moisture.
Gastric cancer in patients aged younger and older than 50 years: characteristics of gastric cancer and survival analysis
Authors: Kovalenko N. V. , Zhavoronkova V. V. , Ivanov A. I. , Postolov M. P. , Tolstopyatov S. E. , Dzhafarov D. D. , Pavlovskaya P. M. , Suvorov V. A. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. To study clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric cancer in patients aged younger and older than 50 years, who received anticancer treatment including surgery, as well as to identify prognostic factors for overall survival of these patients.Material and methods. A retrospective study of surgical treatment outcomes was conducted in 350 gastric cancer patients, who were divided into 2 groups. The study group included 34 (9.71 %) patients aged 50 years and younger and the control group consisted of 316 (90.29 %) patients aged 51 years and older.Results. The analysis of treatment outcomes and survival rates was carried out. The diffuse-type gastric cancer was more frequently diagnosed in younger than in older patients (p<0.001), and asymptomatic disease often present in younger patients (p<0.001). There were no differences in the extent of surgery between the groups (p=0.613). The overall survival rate was lower in the control group than in the study group (p=0.002). The multivariate analysis revealed that a worse prognosis was observed in patients of the control group (hr=12.71), with regional lymph node metastases (hr=2.64), distant metastases (hr=1.83), iii/iv stage of the disease (hr=2.01), lymphovascular (hr=3.15) and perineural invasion (hr=2.46), as well as with postoperative complications (hr=2.12). Adjuvant chemotherapy improved the disease prognosis (hr=0.35).Conclusion. Specific clinical and pathological features predicted survival of gastric cancer patients aged younger and older 50 years.