bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐pancreatitis diabetes mellitus is common in chronic pancreatitis and is associated with adverse outcomes
Authors: Dugic Ana , Hagström Hannes , Dahlman Ingrid , Rutkowski Wiktor , Daou Diana , Kulinski Paula , Löhr J.‐Matthias , Vujasinovic Miroslav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM) is a common consequence of chronic pancreatitis (CP). We aimed to determine the incidence and predictors of PPDM after CP onset, as well as complications and antidiabetic therapy requirements, in a high‐volume tertiary center.MethodsWe did a cohort study with retrospectively collected data from patients with definite CP seen at the Karolinska University Hospital between January 1999 and December 2020. Cause‐specific Cox regression analysis was used to assess PPDM predictors. To estimate risk of complications and need for therapy the Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard model was employed, accounting for death as a competing risk.ResultsWe identified 481 patients with CP. The cumulative incidence of PPDM was 5.1%, 13.2%, 27.5% and 38.9% at 5, 10, 15 and 20 years, respectively. Compared to CP patients without diabetes, patients with PPDM were predominantly male (55% vs. 75%), had more frequently alcoholic etiology (44% vs. 62%) and previous acute pancreatitis. The only independent predictor of PPDM was presence of pancreatic calcifications (aHR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.30–4.63). Patients with PPDM had higher rates of microangiopathy (aSHR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.02–2.52) and infection (aSHR = 4.53, 95% CI 2.60–9.09) compared to CP patients who had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The rate of insulin use was three‐fold higher, whereas metformin use rate was two‐fold higher in the same comparison.ConclusionsPatients with PPDM have a higher frequency of clinically significant complications and were more commonly prescribed insulin and metformin, suggesting a more aggressive phenotype than that of T2DM. Greater PPDM awareness is needed to optimize disease management.
Non-Territorial Autonomy and Minority Rights: Impact of the Self-Governing National Communities on Minority Protection in Slovenia
Authors: Djordjević Ljubica 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSlovenia’s highly developed system of national minority protection has several distinctive features, one of which is the existence of self-governing national communities (SGNCs) for the Italian and Hungarian communities. The model combines personal and territorial elements in an interesting way: self-governing communities can only be established on ‘ethnically mixed territories’, but they are elected solely by persons registered as belonging to the respective community. There is also a second tier: regional SGNCs, with indirectly elected members representing local SGNCs. Most of their competences (on both levels) fall under the category of ‘shared rule’, i.e. they participate in managing institutions (schools, for instance) or in decision-making by providing consent or opinion, while no state powers (for example, in education or culture) are entirely delegated to these bodies.The SGNCs are deeply entrenched in the Slovenian system of minority protection, but are often taken for granted and are rarely assessed with regard to their real impact. There is no systematic monitoring of their performance, and evidence-tracking of their work is scarce and scattered. Against this background, this paper is based on an analysis of the implementation monitoring of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (FCNM) in Slovenia, and focuses on the issues pertinent to the SGNCs that have appeared in the monitoring so far. The general finding is that, while the institutional position and the formal role of the SGNCs have been acknowledged, their concrete contribution and impact on the implementation of minority rights as indirectly stipulated in the FCNM have been addressed in a rather superficial way. Nevertheless, the monitoring documents offer a valuable insight into the issues pertinent to the functioning of the SGNCs that have attracted attention in almost 25 years of monitoring practice. This paper offers a brief overview of the most striking issues relevant to the functioning of the SGNCs and the implementation of minority rights, as documented in the FCNM monitoring.
Can Non-Territorial Autonomy Help to Enforce the Linguistic, Cultural and Educational Rights of the Roma?
Authors: Shikova Natalija , Limonero Immaculada Colomina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRacist and discriminatory policies against the Roma persist in both eastern and western Europe. Methods of repression have varied over time, but it is striking that strategies of open or tacit discrimination and expulsion of the Roma are still found in some contemporary policies of the older and transitional democracies, in EU Member States and countries that are candidates for EU membership. Of major concern is the fact that xenophobic statements and actions against the Roma often come from leading politicians or from national governments. Additionally, despite various international and regional human rights instruments, the ongoing structural discrimination that the Roma face has not yet been addressed within the existing legal framework. Many of the measures that have been proposed to address social exclusion and marginalisation are largely unenforceable; they tend to overlook the harsh living conditions, lack of access to public services, low level of education and embedded prejudice against the Roma. This paper addresses the human rights violability of cultures commonly marginalised in society. In many cases, although human rights protection regimes are enacted for certain cultures, the measures do not encompass groups that are non-dominant and territorially dispersed. The case of the Roma exemplifies not only this situation in respect of their language, cultural and educational rights in Spain and in North Macedonia, but also how the establishment and implementation of possible non-territorial autonomy (NTA) arrangements can help to overcome lasting discrimination. There is no unique model of NTA since it is applied differently in different contexts and circumstances. However, in essence, NTA arrangements can help minorities to enjoy cultural or other activities without territorial limitation. NTA can thus support the protection of territorially dispersed cultures and alleviate some of the harsh practices that they face.
The Role of Law and Non-Territorial Autonomy Arrangements in the Implementation of Linguistic Rights: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Đurić Vladimir , Marković Vasilije 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper offers a comparative overview and analysis of legal frameworks governing the role of non-territorial autonomy (NTA) arrangements in the implementation of linguistic rights. In many countries where institutionalised NTA arrangements exist, NTA bodies have public powers and a recognised role, inter alia, in the implementations of those rights. Therefore, the paper will first analyse the normative framework of public powers of such bodies. Bearing in mind that the scope of public powers in the field of exercising linguistic rights is variable, the focus of this paper will be on the analysis of comparative compliance and the scope that NTA arrangements can achieve in the implementation of linguistic rights. Some of the powers in the field of language rights that will be analysed in this context refer to the role of the NTA arrangements in terms of determining the name of the language of a community represented by such arrangements, its standardisation and official use. In that sense, particular focus will be put on the analysis of the distinctive role of the councils of national minorities in the Republic of Serbia in terms of determining the traditional names of settlements. This unique form of public power of the NTA arrangement is somewhat contradictory in the Serbian legal system, since it is, on the one hand, set as a very extensive and authoritative power, and on the other hand, under the threat of transferring its exercise to the government, it is limited by short deadlines.
‘Living the Same Full Life’? A Critical Assessment of Non-Territorial Autonomy Practice in the Vojvodina and Sápmi Contexts
Authors: Smith David J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolitical theorists frequently hail non-territorial autonomy (NTA) as a modality of governance that allows national minorities and indigenous peoples substantive rights to cultural self-determination without linking this to authority over a given territory. What, though, does the actual practice tell us about the possibilities for ‘deterritorialisation’ of minority identities as well as the ability of NTA to ensure their protection and longer-term reproduction? This paper addresses these questions by critically analysing two forms of contemporary NTA that are frequently portrayed as good practice examples—the Hungarian National Minority Council (HNMC) in Vojvodina, northern Serbia, and the Sámi parliaments established in the Nordic countries. Although the contexts in which these two NTA arrangements were established are very different, I argue that they highlight common issues and challenges that call into question some of the core assumptions surrounding NTA.
The Dilemma of Responsibility: The Role of Kin-States and Nation-States in Implementing Non-Territorial Autonomy Models to Realise Minorities’ Linguistic, Cultural and Educational Rights
Authors: Klatt Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I scrutinise a perceived best-practice example of national conflict resolution and minority accommodation (the Danish–German borderland of Schleswig) on the dilemma of responsibility to implement minorities’ linguistic, cultural and educational rights. The respective German minority in Denmark and the Danish minority in Germany operate high-quality educational systems and other cultural institutions in an informal non-territorial autonomy (NTA) settlement dating back to the division of the region in 1920. This system depends financially on kin-state support, especially for the Danish minority. A budget conflict in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein in 2010 demonstrated the viability of the minority settlement and issues about fairness and recognition when narratives of a privileged minority dominated political discourse. This raises issues regarding how NTA arrangements should be implemented, refocusing on the responsibility of kin-states and states of residence.
The Evanescence of Autonomy for Minority Groups: The Hungarian Minority in Romania and the Complex Nexus of Dependence
Authors: Udrea Andreea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the nature and extent of autonomy for minority groups in the context of the Hungarian minority in Romania. It shows that, rather than being a mechanism through which states fulfil their obligation to protect a people’s fair access to opportunities for self-determination, autonomy is merely a vehicle through which minority rights are administered. While the accommodation of national minorities in Romania is considered to be a positive example, a focus on the Hungarian minority highlights the extent to which the group’s autonomy has become entrenched in a nexus of dependence, involving both the home-state and the kin-state. I argue that the exercise of autonomy in cases such as the one discussed here is at odds with legal and political developments concerning the concept of autonomy for minority groups in Europe. This has not only weakened autonomy’s normative foundations but also, more worryingly, caused it to become evanescent.
Illiberal Forms of Non-Territorial Autonomy: The Sudeten German Party Case
Authors: Mulej Oskar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe paper aims to present an illiberal variant of non-territorial autonomy (NTA) by focusing on the historical example of the autonomist proposals developed during the 1930s in Czechoslovakia by the far-right Sudeten German Party (Sudetendeutsche Partei, SdP). Known under the joint titleVolksschutzgesetze(Laws for the Protection of Nationality), the six draft laws that the SdP presented to the Czechoslovak Parliament in 1937 foresaw a far-reaching re-organisation of the state along national lines and on a purely non-territorial basis. As such, the SdP’s legal demands can be treated as a clear example of NTA. At the same time, they may also be viewed as an instance of a radical nationalist and openly illiberal adaptation of the concept. Informed by contemporaryvölkischsociological, legal and political thought, the bills aimed at transforming Czechoslovakia into a federation of largely autarchic ethno-national communities. This was to be done on the basis of an involuntary, binding and essentialising definition of nationality and a fundamentally illiberal conception of collective rights, in which the rights of the national group came before those of their individual members. The envisaged scope of national self-rule was furthermore meant to extend far beyond the confines of culture and education, encompassing a wide array of other spheres of life also considered to be essentially ‘national’. Lastly, theVolksschutzgesetzealso effectively negated Czechoslovakia’s self-understanding as a nation-state by transposing the notion of sovereignty from the whole of its citizenry to the individual ethnic groups inhabiting it. In clear contrast to the 1925 Estonian Law on Cultural Autonomy as the model interwar example of NTA, they were thus effectively at odds with both liberal democracy and the nation-state.
The Implications of Administrative Decentralisation on the Development of Non-Territorial Autonomy Practices: The Case of Romania
Authors: Cornea Valentina , Costache Mirela Paula , Matic Andreea Elena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study analyses non-territorial autonomy as a practical category in the conditions of administrative decentralisation. The aim is to elucidate the way in which a decentralised administrative system creates the premises and a favourable context for the development of entities with responsibilities in the ethno-cultural field. The paper argues first that Romania’s decentralisation model allows the development of the practices associated with non-territorial autonomy. Organisations of national minorities are the best-defined element in this regard. Second, it argues that both decentralisation and non-territorial autonomy are effective, all other factors and variables being equal. The factors and variables which influence the decentralisation and non-territorial autonomy are: ethnic activism, the typology of responsibilities assumed by entities with ethno-cultural responsibilities and administrative responses to issues related to the protection of national minorities. We conclude that under the conditions of decentralisation, minority groups benefit from support for the development and maintenance of cultural particularities, while non-territorial autonomy creates a favourable framework for empowering minority groups to self-administer. Decentralisation reinforces and legitimises non-territorial autonomy processes when carried out correctly and responsibly.
Impacts of Transboundary Crop Diseases on Sustainable Crop Production: The Case of Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) in Africa
Authors: Mottaleb Khondoker Abdul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMore than half of the world’s population relies on wheat, maize, and rice for their daily dietary energy. In 2019, the daily per person average calorie intake was 2,963 kilocalories (kcal), in which the share was more than 18.2% (538 kcal) for wheat, 5.4% (159 kcal) for maize, and 18.3% (542 kcal) for rice. It is projected that by 2050, the total global population is expected to reach between 8.9 and 10.6 billion from 7.8 billion in 2020. Thus, it will be imperative to produce more wheat, maize, and rice to ensure the food security of the world’s burgeoning population. While it is imperative to produce more food, the emergence and re-emergence of lethal crop diseases and their spread from the epicenters to new regions continuously threaten crop yield, farmers’ income, and the world’s food security. For example, the emergence of maize lethal necrosis (MLN) in Africa has generated a credible threat to global and African food security. This study quantified MLN-induced maize production loss in Kenya, DR Congo, and Tanzania. Applying the time-series projection method, this study estimates that the loss in maize production due to MLN was 442 thousand tons in Kenya, nearly 12 thousand tons in DR Congo, and 663 thousand tons in Tanzania. As more pest- and disease-related crop losses are expected due to the changes in global climate, this study concludes by suggesting that it is imperative to invest more in research and development of disease-resistant crop varieties globally to ensure food and nutrition security, particularly in the global south.
Janus and Hades in M-theory
Authors: Anabalón Andrés , Chamorro-Burgos Miguel , Guarino Adolfo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Multi-parametric and analytic families of four-dimensional AdS3 × ℝ (Janus) and AdS3 × ℝ+ (Hades) solutions are constructed in the SO(8) gauged supergravity that arises from the consistent reduction of eleven-dimensional supergravity on S7 . The solutions are generically non-supersymmetric, involve non-trivial running scalars and preserve a U(1)4 symmetry. Different patterns of (super) symmetry enhancement occur upon suitable adjustment of the free parameters which further control the boundary conditions of the running scalars. We concentrate on the non-supersymmetric Janus and Hades solutions with SU(3) × U(1)2 symmetry and provide their higher-dimensional description in terms of M-theory fluxes and membranes. Special attention is paid to a class of such Hades solutions dubbed “ridge flows” which resemble dielectric rotations of Coulomb branch flows previously investigated in the literature.
Gravitational waves-tomography of Low-Scale-Leptogenesis
Authors: Datta Satyabrata , Samanta Rome 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A long-lived scalar field (Φ) which couples weakly to the right-handed (RH) neutrinos (NRi), generates small RH neutrino masses (Mi) in Low-Scale-Leptogenesis (LSL) mechanisms, despite having a large vacuum expectation value vΦ. In this case, the correlation shared by the Mis and the duration of the non-standard cosmic history driven by the Φ provides an excellent opportunity to study LSL signatures on primordial gravitational waves (GWs). We find it engaging, specifically for the gravitational waves that originate due to the inflationary blue-tilted tensor power spectrum and propagate through the non-standard cosmic epoch. Depending on Mi, broadly, the scenario has two significant consequences. First, if LSL is at play, GWs with a sizeable blue tilt do not contradict the Big-Bang-Nucleosynthesis (BBN) bound even for the post-inflationary models with very high-scale reheating. Second, it opens up a possibility to probe LSLs via a low-frequency and a complementary high-frequency measurement of GW-spectral shapes which are typically double-peaked. For a case study, we consider the recent results on GWs from the Pulsar-Timing-Arrays (PTAs) as a ‘measurement’ at the low frequencies and forecast the signatures of LSL mechanisms at the higher frequencies.
Loop-level gluon OPEs in celestial holography
Authors: Bhardwaj Rishabh , Lippstreu Luke , Ren Lecheng , Spradlin Marcus , Srikant Akshay Yelleshpur , Volovich Anastasia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We compute one-loop corrections to the OPE of gluons in the celestial conformal field theory corresponding to Yang-Mills coupled to arbitrary matter. We exploit universal hard/soft factorization to derive an IR finite OPE for the hard gluon operators. This OPE involves logarithms and operators that resemble logarithmic partners of primary operators. We derive an exact all-loop OPE in a limit of the Higgs-regulated planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory.
Cellular interactions in the pituitary stem cell niche
Authors: Willis Thea L. , Lodge Emily J. , Andoniadou Cynthia L. , Yianni Val 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStem cells in the anterior pituitary gland can give rise to all resident endocrine cells and are integral components for the appropriate development and subsequent maintenance of the organ. Located in discreet niches within the gland, stem cells are involved in bi-directional signalling with their surrounding neighbours, interactions which underpin pituitary gland homeostasis and response to organ challenge or physiological demand. In this review we highlight core signalling pathways that steer pituitary progenitors towards specific endocrine fate decisions throughout development. We further elaborate on those which are conserved in the stem cell niche postnatally, including WNT, YAP/TAZ and Notch signalling. Furthermore, we have collated a directory of single cell RNA sequencing studies carried out on pituitaries across multiple organisms, which have the potential to provide a vast database to study stem cell niche components in an unbiased manner. Reviewing published data, we highlight that stem cells are one of the main signalling hubs within the anterior pituitary. In future, coupling single cell sequencing approaches with genetic manipulation tools in vivo, will enable elucidation of how previously understudied signalling pathways function within the anterior pituitary stem cell niche.
Parabolic differential equations with bounded delay
Authors: Kryspin Marek , Mierczyński Janusz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe show the continuous dependence of solutions of linear nonautonomous second-order parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with bounded delay on coefficients and delay. The assumptions are very weak: only convergence in the weak-* topology of delay coefficients is required. The results are important in the applications of the theory of Lyapunov exponents to the investigation of PDEs with delay.
Musik und Bewegung als therapeutische Ressourcen bei Demenz
Authors: Kressig Reto W. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der Betreuung von Menschen mit Demenz spielen Musik und Bewegung seit Jahrzenten eine wichtige Rolle. Die dazu bestehende wissenschaftliche Evidenz ist immer noch relativ klein, wächst aber. Der erst seit knapp zehn Jahren bekannte Umstand, dass das musikalische Gedächtnis bis in fortgeschrittene Demenzstadien intakt bleibt, hat Musik bei Hirnleistungsabbau zunehmend zur therapeutisch genutzten Ressource werden lassen. So können gesungene Texte viel besser erinnert werden als gesprochene. Die gezielte musikalische Stimulierung der frontalen Hirnregionen hat zudem häufig positive Wirkungen auf demenzassoziierte Verhaltensauffälligkeiten. Bewegung kombiniert mit Musik in Form von Tanz oder Rhythmik scheint neben positiven kognitiven Effekten auch mit Verbesserungen des Gleichgewichts und der Gangsicherheit einherzugehen.