bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pendampingan Menulis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di Larantuka, Flores Timur
Authors: Tari Ezra , Koroh Lanny I.D. , Ali Umar , Liufeto Martin Ch. , Tlonaen Talita 
Published: April 2022

Classroom action training was agreed upon by the service team, starting with concerns about the teacher's difficulties. The service team found that many teachers had not been able to combine observations in class. This research is a way of teacher research in the classroom to find problems in the learning process. The teacher found many problems related to learning, namely process design, media, learning techniques, and learning outcomes. To realize good classroom action research techniques, training is done. Some teachers have not been able to write a good scientific paper. So the service team trains skilled teachers in writing. The method of service in this service begins with planning the location of the service. The plan is carefully prepared to avoid obstacles in the field. This training produces groups of writer teachers according to their respective fields. The team already found teachers who did classroom action research. However, the difficulty in pouring it in the article. So that the team assists in writing classroom action research articles that will be published in journals, follow-up assistance is carried out in WhatsApp groups.Keywords: report; theory; learning; writing; class action AbstrakPelatihan tindakan kelas disepakati oleh tim pengabdian, diawali keresahan akan kesulitan guru dalam melakukannya. Tim pengabdian menemukan masih banyak guru yang belum bisa meramu hasil pengamatan dalam kelas. Kegiatan ini merupakan cara penelitian guru dalam kelas untuk menemukan masalah dalam proses pembelajaran. Guru menemukan banyak masalah terkait pembelajaran, yakni: rancangan proses, media, teknik pembelajaran, dan hasil pembelajaran. Untuk merealisasikan teknik penelitian tindakan kelas yang baik, maka dibuat pelatihan. Ada juga guru yang belum mampu menulis sebuah karya ilmiah yang baik. Maka tim pengabdian melatih guru terampil dalam menulis. Metode pengabdian ini diawali dengan merencanakan lokasi pengabdian. Rencana dipersiapkan dengan matang agar tidak ada kendala di lapangan. Pelatihan ini menghasilkan kelompok guru penulis sesuai bidang masing-masing. Tim menemukan sudah ada guru yang dapat membuat penelitian tindakan kelasn namun masih kesulitan dalam menuangkannya ke dalam artikel sehingga tim mendampingi dalam penulisan artikel penelitian tindakan kelas yang akan diterbitkan di jurnal. Selanjutnya, pendampingan lanjutan dilakukan dalam grup WhatsApp.Kata kunci: laporan; materi; pembelajaran; penulisan; tindakan kelas
Pendampingan dan Strategi Guru dalam Menumbuhkan Semangat Belajar Anak Sekolah Minggu Melalui Metode Bermain dan Bernyanyi di Pulau Teluk Nipah
Authors: Sophia Selvyen , Sapalakkai Rini Sumanti , Lidya S Dewi , Simanjuntak Irfan Feriando , Waruwu Septerianus 
Published: April 2022

The Sunday school teacher is God's partner in educating Sunday school children, regarding Christian Religious Education for which he has a responsibility, to seek the salvation of the souls of every student in his class. For this reason, Sunday school teachers need to foster children's enthusiasm in learning God's Word, so that the children's spiritual growth process is well accommodated. But often what happens is the lack of attention from the children so that it becomes an obstacle in conveying God's Word. So Sunday school teachers need to do a strategy for this. One of the Sunday school teacher strategies to foster children's enthusiasm in learning God's Word used in this article, is by playing and singing methods. The purpose of this service is to foster children's enthusiasm for learning by bringing children to know Jesus as Savior, and making children able to have noble character according to the teachings of Christ. By teaching songs, making games, and giving gift packages to children, it is hoped that children can participate in these learning activities and can absorb every story of God's Word that is preached by the Sunday school teacher.Keywords: learning; played; sing; Sunday school teacher; strategy; Nipah Bay Island AbstrakGuru sekolah minggu merupakan mitra Allah dalam mendidik anak sekolah minggu, mengenai Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang mana ia memiliki tanggungjawab, untuk mengusahakan keselamatan jiwa setiap murid yang ada di dalam kelasnya. Untuk itulah, guru sekolah minggu perlu menumbuhkan semangat anak dalam belajar Firman Tuhan, dengan begitu proses pertumbuhan rohani anak-anak terakomodasi dengan baik. Namun seringkali yang terjadi adalah kurangnya perhatian dari anak-anak sehingga menjadi penghambat dalam menyampaikan Firman Tuhan. Maka guru sekolah minggu perlu melakukan strategi akan hal tersebut. Salah satu strategi guru sekolah minggu untuk menumbuhkan semangat anak dalam belajar Firman Tuhan yang dipakai dalam artikel ini, yaitu dengan metode bermain dan bernyanyi. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah menumbuhkan semangat anak belajar dengan membawa anak-anak mengenal Yesus sebagai Juruselamat, serta menjadikan anak-anak dapat berakhlak mulia sesuai dengan ajaran Kristus. Dengan mengajarkan lagu, membuat games, dan pemberian paket hadiah kepada anak, diharapkan anak dapat berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan belajar tersebut serta dapat menyerap setiap cerita Firman Tuhan yang diberitakan oleh guru sekolah minggu.Kata kunci: belajar; bermain; bernyanyi; guru sekolah minggu; strategi; pulau Teluk Nipah
Perancangan Kartu Pos Fotografis "Malang at Night" Sebagai Alternatif Cindera Mata Kota Malang
Authors: Andito Tegar , Rahmadianto Sultan Arif 
Published: April 2022

There are various souvenirs to be chosen that consist of keychains, traditional crafts, postcards, t-shirts, stickers, etc. Postcard is one of many kinds of souvenirs. Through postcard that being sent to friends or relatives, people can show ‘proof’ that they have visited certain places. Today that activity isn’t longer popular because of more modern means of communication. However, postcards are still desirable as inexpensive souvenirs to be collected by tourists themselves or to be given to friends and relatives without sending it through postal service. There aren’t many variations of Malang City postcards. This is caused by postcards that labeled ‘Malang’ often show visual elements that exist in greater Malang area but not the Malang City itself. This effort to design postcard tries to make an alternatives for souvenirs of Malang City in general and also specifically an alternative postcards of Malang City.
The Mexican earthquake of 1985 vis-à-vis great Indian earthquakes: Field and seismological aspects
Authors: SRIVASTAVA HN 
Published: April 2022

The great Mexican earthquake or 19 September 1985 (Magnitude 8.1 ) and its aftershocks caused the worst disaster in Mexico city about 350 km away from its epicentre. Through field surveys undertaken by the author, typical damages particularly on taller buildings in the city area have been discussed in the light of strong motion results vis-a-vis engineering aspects. The damage in Mexico city has been attributed to the largest spectral accelerations, longest duration and occurrence of two shallow focus events with an interval of 27 sec besides efficient generation of surface waves (0.2 to 1 Hz) towards Mexico city. The urban reconstruction plan has also been briefly described.
Comparison of the source dynamics of the Mexico earthquake near subduction boundary of the Cocos South American plate with the great Himalayan earthquakes near the Indian Eurasian plate boundary shows that in spite of tectonically different environments (low stress drop of the Mexical1 earthquake compared with high stress drops of great Indian earthquakes), there .was a similarity in development of secondary miezoseismal areas for the great earthquakes of 1905 and 1934 which can be potentially hazardous zones for taller structures/ buildings.
P-wave traveltime and crust-upper mantle velocity 1976, structure in the Indian region
Authors: DUBE RK 
Published: April 2022

P-arrival times and residuals from shallow focus earthquakes of Indian origin, as reported in the Earthquake Data Report of the United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey (EDR-USGS), at seismological station in India have been collected and analysed. Based on the past studies a thicker two layered crust and higher P-wave velocities in each of the two layers compared to a Jeffrey-Bullen model (J-B model), which is in conformity with the traveltimity data, has been chosen for the Indian plains. A comparatively higher P-wave velocity than in the J-B model in the upper mantle down to a depth of 185 km has been interpreted. J- B model has been accepted beyond this depth.
Hypocentre location of Cachar earthquake on 30December 1984 has been obtained using this model. This has been found to be in good agreement With both those determinations by USGS and Dubeet al. (1986).
A new approach to agroclimatic classification to find out crop potential
Authors: SARKER RP , BISWAS BC 
Published: April 2022

Agroclimatic classification using appropriate climatic parameters can be a very useful tool to identify crop potential of a region. There may be different approaches of classification and the adequacy of an approach depends on ultimate objectives. In this paper, a theory has been developed for agroclimatic classification on the basis of an index called Moisture Availability Index (MAl) which is defined as the ratio of weekly assured rainfall and potential evapotranspiration. In this classification, MAl on weekly basis and different values of MAI appropriate to various pheno-phases have been taken into account. The classification has been made on the basis of moisture availability index at 50% level. However, duration of the crop growing period has also been discussed at other levels.
Following this methodology, the part of the India, where annual rainfall is more than 400 mm; has been divided into 7 broad agroclimatic zones. The arid region has been divided into three zones on the basis of moisture availability index at 30% level. The theory has been applied to the dry farming tract of Maharashtra taking micro-level data. This indicates that while a macro-scale study can give some broad aspects of crop potential, it is necessary to do micro-level analysis so that specific areas of varying crop potential can be pin-pointed and appropriate recommendation can be drawn up.
Low frequency oscillations in summer monsoon rainfall over India
Authors: CHOWDHURY A , MUKHOPADHYAY RK , RAY KCSINHA 
Published: April 2022

The paper deals with spatial and temporal variations of different frequency modes of the southwest monsoon rainfall over India. Daily normal rainfall data (1901-1970) and that of the individual years for the period 1978-1983 for 220 well distributed stations throughout the country are subjected to harmonic analysis to investigate the contributions of different frequency modes.
The results reveal the presence of 30-60 day periodicities as a predominant mode over central Peninsula in the long term normal as well as individual years. The variance explained by the 10.20 days oscillations exceed that of 30-60 days over central India during the good monsoon years.
In good monsoon years the fundamental mode is predominant north of about 25° N while during the bad monsoon years it extends to more southern latitudes.
The estimation of heavy rainfall using INSAT-IB Satellite data
Authors: MISHRA DK , KALSI SR , JAIN RK 
Published: April 2022

A scheme for the estimation of heavy convective rainfall over India during the monsoon season using 3-hourly INSAT-1B satellite data has been presented in this paper. The scheme uses 'life history' approach, taking into account the convective cloud structure, cloud growth in space & time and the prevailing environmental conditions. The role of mesoscale convective complex, overshooting tops and cloud mergers in producing heavy rains is discussed. The scheme is applied to two very heavy rainfall events of August 1986 and August 1987 and some important aspects of the rainfall estimation have been discussed. For an independent data set, the percentage deviations of the rainfall estimates from actual lie between + 111% and -43 %, and 85% of the estimates lie within an error of +-5%. The scheme provides rainfall estimates on a near real-time basis and its accuracy is expected to Improve with the experience gamed In future.
Preliminary estimates of climate change on Indian subcontinent during the global warming of limited scale
Authors: GROISMAN EVPYA , KOVYNEVA NP 
Published: April 2022

Basing on statistical processing of the data on Indian subcontinent climate available in the USSR the estimates have boon obtained of geographical distribution of temperature and precipitation fields with changing mean annual surface air temperature of the northern hemisphere.

Signs of changes of surface air temperature averaged over the hemisphere and these over India are usually the same. But it appears, 1hat for every season there exist regions on the subcontinent where the probability of such events is less than 0.5. In summer (Jun-Aug) the area of these regions is maximum. They Include northern, northwestern and central parts of the subcontinent.

It is shown that an increase in mean annual surface air temperature of the northern hemisphere is accompanied by an increase of precipitation totals over the entire India, specially along the western coast of the subcontinent. However, to obtain the detailed rainfall pattern associated with global thermal regime changes, a more comprehensive analysis is needed.
An empirical model for wave field in Bombay High Area
Authors: SHYAMALA B , IYER BG 
Published: April 2022

The work presents an empirical model for wave-field in Bombay High Area (.BHA) based on data from 1976 to 1985 for the May-October when the conditions generally exceed the critical limits of the operations of the rigs.

I is seen that in non-cyclonic conditions during May-October, among various forms of relationships between windspeed and wave-heights, the linear fit are found to be quite adequate for the purposes of forecasting mean-height. A study of direction of waves and their steadiness is also dealt with.
Variability in drought incidence over India -A statistical approach
Authors: CHOWDHURY A , DANDEKAR MM , RAUT PS 
Published: April 2022

Based on the monsoon rainfall for 113 years (18.75-1987), an attempt has been made to quantify drought for the country as a whole and identify drought years by developing a drought index. For this purpose total area of India receiving monsoon rainfall less than 75% of the normal was obtained for each of the 113 years. From this, meal1 drought affected area and Its standard deviation were worked out. The difference between area affected by drought In any year and the 113 years' mean drought area divided by the standard deviation was detained as drought index. Time interval between successive drought years has been subjected to statistical analysis and the distribution determined and tested for randomness. The series of drought years, was also subjected to return period analysis.

Within the analysed time frame, 1918 is found to be the worst drought in India. It is observed that India can sometimes even experience spells of three successive years of drought of varying intensity and extent. The time interval between successive drought years can be approximately described by Poisson's distribution.
Index of activity of the monsoon trough over India
Authors: MOOLEY DA , SHUKLA J 
Published: April 2022

Measures for the daily, monthly and seasonal activity of the Indian monsoon trough are developed; and their variability and relationships with Indian rainfall during the summer monsoon season are examined.

The daily monsoon troug activity index is the anomaly of the daily pressure within the trough from the long-period mean. The frequency of the normalized daily monsoon trough activity index < -1.0 is higher in years of good Indian monsoon than that in years of deficient Indian monsoon, at a level of significance of above 0: 1%. For days in September, the daily monsoon trough activity index is appreciably higher (i.e., trough appreciably weaker) in years of deficient Indian monsoon than that in years of good Indian monsoon.

The monthly measures of the monsoon trough activity, derived from the daily monsoon trough activity index show significant relationship with monthly rainfall for all the monsoon months except June. The relationship for September is highly significant and stable.

Amongst the seasonal measures of the monsoon trough activity, the seasonal frequency of days with active monsoon trough is significantly (at I %) and stably related to Indian monsoon rainfall.

Low pressure systems are found to add largely to the activity of the monsoon trough.

The seasonal frequency of days with active monsoon trough is related directly and significantly (at 1 %) to April 500 mb ridge location over India, inversely and significantly (at 1 %) to the eastern equatorial Pacific SST anomaly tendency from MAM to JJA. The April 500 mb ridge thus appears to be a good indicator of the monsoon trough activity over India during the monsoon season.
The response of the Indian monsoon associated with the change in sea surface temperature over the eastern south equatorial Pacific
Authors: MOOLEY DA , PAOLINO DA 
Published: April 2022

Utilizing the seasonal SST anomaly and the objective criteria., warming and cooling phases of the ESE Pacific are identified during 1871-1984. The Indian monsoon rainfall (lMR) and cyclogenesis over India and neighbourhood during the summer monsoon are examined in relation to warming and cooling phases. These phases are strongly and inversely associated with IMR. Association with the formation of low pressure systems is inverse and significant at 5% level.

The association between warming of ESE Pacific and below normal IMR is found to be far stronger than that between warm ESE Pacific and IMR, suggesting that warming phase influences the monsoon circulation much more than the warm ESE Pacific. The association between El Nina and IMR though highly significant is relatively much weaker than that between warming and below normal IMR.
Hydrothermal regimes of an oxisol under coconut (Cocas nucifera Linn.) canopy
Authors: VARADAN KM , RAO AS 
Published: April 2022

An analysis of soil moisture and soil temperature variations under coconut in a humid tropical climate have been made for all seasons of the year.

The soil moisture storage varies from 10cm to 24 cm for 75 to 90 cam depths for dry and wet periods respectively the canopy effect on soil temperature is in the range of 1 to 6 .Cup to 15 cm depth during dry period. Statistical relationships were established between~ soil moisture and soil temperature and between air and soil, temperatures. Indices of soil moisture (SMI), soil temperature (STI) and hydrothermal variations (HTI) were worked out for delineating different periods of the year for crop planning. The indices ranges from 0.37 to 1.00, 0.77 to 1.00 and 0.70 to 2.40 for SMI, STI and HTI respectively.
La représentation des femmes manifestantes dans la presse de la Suisse romande et italienne : vers un autre paradigme de la protestation?
Authors: Mercurio Nicla 
Published: April 2022

Le discours médiatique - étant une source puissante de (dés)information et souvent de manipulation - véhicule des modèles dominants et genrés à travers des stratégies qui incluent tous les niveaux du langage. Ainsi, par l’analyse contrastive de 100 articles de presse en français et en italien, l’étude vise à identifier les procès linguistiques utilisés par les journalistes de la Suisse latine pour représenter les femmes au sein des manifestations féministes. En s’appuyant sur les catégories socio-sémantiques pour la représentation des acteurs sociaux et des actrices sociales, nous voulons également vérifier si les procédés repérés s’inscrivent dans le protest paradigm ou s’ils en génèrent un autre, tout aussi discriminatoire et reposant sur le stéréotype de genre.
Simultaneous Sampling of NO, NO2, HONO and HNO3 in the Atmosphere by a Filter-Pack Method
Authors: Oda Takumi , Fujii Yusuke , Takenaka Norimichi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A simultaneous sampling method for gaseous nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrous acid (HONO) and nitric acid (HNO3) was developed by a filter-pack sampling method to measure these concentrations at low cost in areas where monitoring stations are not available or at multiple locations. HONO and HNO3 gases were collected with a conventional filter-pack method. NO2 was collected with a guaiacol-impregnated filter at a flow rate of 0.3 dm3 min−1. NO was collected using guaiacol by oxidizing it to NO2 with potassium permanganate at a 0.3 dm3 min−1 flow rate. The optimum concentration of KMnO4 in the immersion solution for the impregnated filter was 0.16 mol dm−3 (in 0.51 mol dm−3 H2SO4). The concentrations of NO and NO2 measured by the filter-pack method were in good agreement with those measured by the chemiluminescence method. It was calculated that 60 ppb NO could be oxidized to NO2 with the KMnO4-impregnated filter for 183 hours at a 0.3 dm3 min−1 flow rate. This is enough time for sampling in a real environment. This method was applied to measure NO, NO2, HONO and HNO3 in the atmosphere at three points around Osaka, Japan.
Modeling of the Calm Situations in the Atmosphere of Almaty
Authors: Zakarin Edige , Baklanov Alexander , Balakay Larissa , Dedova Tatyana , Bostanbekov Kairat 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article addresses modeling of the atmospheric boundary layer of the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan) in stagnant, environmentally unfavorable conditions using WRF Model. The city is located on the northern slope of Trans-Ili Alatau, where the rate of recurrence of calm and low-wind (1–2 m/sec) days reaches about 80%. All simulations were made for a period from 28.11.2016 to 05.12.2016, covering main synoptic situations of the stagnant atmosphere: the extent of Asian anticyclone, higher and lower pressure gradient fields. The model integrated three nested domains with grid sizes 9, 3 and 1 km, respectively. The initial boundary conditions were formed based on ERA5-reanalysis. Subject to the WRF model requirements, the land-use map with a standard USGS set (24 categories) was developed, to which 3 categories of the urban areas were added. The most relevant configuration of parameterization methods was selected: short-wave and long-wave radiation (Mlawer), surface layer (Monin-Obukhov similarity theory), urban area (BEP), boundary layer (Bougeault-Lacarrere), turbulence (Smagorinsky). The article demonstrates that the WRF model adequately reflects fundamental urban atmosphere patterns in the most unfavorable anticyclone periods of the autumn-winter season. It was established that the accuracy of estimates decreases with the transition to weak cyclonic activity. Based on the simulation results and remote sensing data, the territory in question is divided into four climatic zones to which a comparative method was applied; however for a detailed correlative analysis a denser network of meteorological stations is required. Calculations showed that the wind along the Ili river valley prevails in the northern part, regularly changing its western direction to eastern. Near the mountain area mountain-valley wind circulation prevails. The blocking inversion layer has a strong impact. The urban heat islands strongly depend on wind conditions. For example, a nocturnal heat island is cooled by the cold wind flow from the mountains.