bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosocial rule breaking, ingroups and social norms: Parental decision‐making about COVID‐19 rule breaking in the UK
Authors: Power Nicola , Warmelink Lara , Wallace Rebecca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe British public generally adhered to COVID‐19‐related restrictions, but as the pandemic drew on, it became challenging for some populations. Parents with young children were identified as a vulnerable group. We collected rich, mixed‐methods survey data from 99 UK‐based parents (91 mothers) of children under 12, who described their lockdown transgressions. Household mixing was the most prevalent broken rule. Template analysis found that rule breaking was driven by ‘ingroup‐level’ prosocial motivations to protect the mental and social health of family and loved ones, and that parents were ‘engaged’ decision‐makers who underwent careful deliberation when deciding to break rules, making trade‐offs, bending rules, mitigating risks, reaching consensus, and reacting to perceived rule injustices. Cumulative link models found that the perceived reasonableness of rule violations was predicted by social norms. Rules were broken by parents not for antisocial reasons, but for ‘ingroup‐level’ prosocial reasons, linked to supporting loved ones.
A new flow cytometry assay identifies recipient IgG subtype antibodies binding donor cells: increasing donor availability for highly sensitised patients
Authors: Rao Prakash N , Deo Dayanand D , Gaur Amitabh , Baran David A , Zucker Mark J , Kapoor Saurabh , Marchioni Misty A , Almendral Jesus , Kandula Praveen , Patel Anup 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThere are four immunoglobulin (IgG) subtypes that have varying complement‐activating ability: strong (IgG3 and IgG1) and weak (IgG2 and IgG4). The standard flow cytometric crossmatch (FCM) assay does not distinguish between the various subtypes of the IgG molecule. This study outlines the development and use of a novel cell‐based IgG subtype‐specific FCM assay that is able to detect the presence of and quantitate the IgG subtypes bound to donor cells.MethodsA six‐colour lyophilised reagent was designed that specifically detects the four IgG subtypes, as well as distinguishes between T cells and B cells in the lymphocyte population. To test the efficacy of this reagent, a retrospective evaluation of a group of highly sensitised patients awaiting heart and kidney transplant was carried out, who, because of positive standard FCM results, had been deemed incompatible with numerous prior potential donors.ResultsObservations in this study demonstrate that the positive standard FCM results were mainly because of the presence of noncomplement‐activating IgG2 or IgG4 antibodies. The results were supported by the absence of C3d‐binding donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) and a negative complement‐dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDC).ConclusionPreliminary data presented in this study demonstrate the reliability of the novel IgG subtype assay to detect the presence of pretransplant, complement‐activating antibodies bound to donor cells. The knowledge gained from the IgG subtype assay and the C3d‐binding specificities of DSAs provides improved identification of donor suitability in pretransplant patients, potentially increasing the number of transplants.
The cortical hem lacks stem cell potential despite expressing SOX9 and HOPX
Authors: Caramello Alessia , Galichet Christophe , Sopena Miriam Llorian , Lovell‐Badge Robin , Rizzoti Karine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe adult dentate gyrus (DG) of rodents hosts a neural stem cell (NSC) niche capable of generating new neurons throughout life. The embryonic origin and molecular mechanisms underlying formation of DG NSCs are still being investigated. We performed a bulk transcriptomic analysis on mouse developing archicortex conditionally deleted for Sox9, a SoxE transcription factor controlling both gliogenesis and NSC formation, and identified Hopx, a recently identified marker of both prospective adult DG NSCs and astrocytic progenitors, as being downregulated. We confirm SOX9 is required for HOPX expression in the embryonic archicortex. In particular, we found that both NSC markers are highly expressed in the cortical hem (CH), while only weakly in the adjacent dentate neuroepithelium (DNE), suggesting a potential CH embryonic origin for DG NSCs. However, we demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that the embryonic CH, as well as its adult derivatives, lacks stem cell potential. Instead, deletion of Sox9 in the DNE affects both HOPX expression and NSC formation in the adult DG. We conclude that HOPX expression in the CH is involved in astrocytic differentiation downstream of SOX9, which we previously showed regulates DG development by inducing formation of a CH‐derived astrocytic scaffold. Altogether, these results suggest that both proteins work in a dose‐dependent manner to drive either astrocytic differentiation in CH or NSC formation in DNE.
Performance evaluation of Tagetes erecta plant microbial fuel cell using the composite ceramic anode of rice‐husk, mild‐steel dust, and soil
Authors: Sonu Kumar , Sogani Monika , Syed Zainab , Rajvanshi Jayana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study deals with the fabrication of a low‐cost ceramic anode made by blending the rice husk and mild steel dust with soil (RMS anode) for its application in plant microbial fuel cells (PMFCs). The high cost of electrode material has been a major concern in practical applications of the PMFC technology, but the present composition of waste materials such as rice husk, mild steel dust along with soil has served as an alternative low‐cost electrode material. Tagetes erecta plant has been used to produce clean and continuous electrical energy in the PMFC. The blending of rice husk has improved the porosity of the ceramic anode. The maximum power density recorded in PMFC with 50% rice husk anode was 1.4 mW/m2 as against 0.26 mW/m2 with the anode without rice husk. High biomass growth in terms of better plant height and higher chlorophyll content was also detected in the PMFC system within 60 working days.
Investigating the relationships between emotional experiences and behavioral responses amid the Covid‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Wang Tingting , Zheng Xin , Niu Zhaomeng , Hu Pengwei , Dong Ruiqi , Tang Zhihan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic produced a complex combination of intense negative emotions among the general public, influencing people's coping reactions toward the pandemic. Yet each discrete emotion may affect people's behaviors in different ways. Unveiling the specific emotion–behavior relationships can provide valuable implications for designing effective intervention programs. Through the lens of the appraisal theory of emotion, we assessed the relationships between negative emotions and pandemic‐related behaviors among the Chinese population midst the early outbreak of the pandemic. An anonymous online survey was distributed to mainland Chinese participants (n = 2976), which assessed individuals' emotional states and behavioral reactions to the pandemic. Consistent with the differential appraisal theme underlying each negative emotion as delineated by the appraisal theory, mixed relationships between emotions and pandemic‐related behaviors were revealed. Specifically, anxiety was positively associated with behaviors of seeking pandemic‐related information, sharing such information, and stockpiling preventive goods, yet, contrary to prediction, anxious people were reluctant to adopt preventive measures, which is maladaptive. Sad people sought information less frequently and exhibited lower intention to stockpile preventive goods; but, opposing prediction, they shared information less frequently. Angry people were more active in sharing information and in stockpiling preventive goods. These findings suggest that public health practitioners can utilize the emotion–behavior relationships to identify the vulnerable individuals who tend to adopt maladaptive coping behaviors, help them address emotional distress, and encourage their adoption of effective coping behaviors.
The non‐linear impacts of innovation on unemployment: Evidence from panel data
Authors: Law Chee‐Hong , Law Siong Hook 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article examines the linear and non‐linear impacts of innovation on unemployment in 61 countries, covering annual data from 2007 to 2016. The relationship is estimated by deploying the system generalised method of moments (SGMM) estimation. Alternative instruments for the SGMM estimation and cross‐sectional threshold estimation are utilised to investigate the estimation robustness. Although the negative linear relationship between innovation and unemployment is not robustly supported in the linear models, the empirical results of non‐linear models suggest the existence of an inverted‐U effect of innovation on unemployment rate. The marginal impact of innovation also supports the inverted‐U relationship in which only the innovation at the maximum and mean level contributes to lower unemployment. Additionally, the negative marginal effect is larger at the maximum level compared to the mean level. The robustness estimations that use alternative instruments and the Hansen threshold regression also support the non‐linear relationship. On the basis of the findings, although innovation should be encouraged to create more jobs, policymakers are advised to consider interventions in job protection, such as offering reskilling programs to mitigate rising unemployment following the initial efforts to promote innovation.
External validation of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery calculator in Israeli cohort of parturients and construction of an improved model
Authors: Haggiag Noa , Eitan Shani , Maor‐Sagie Esther , Hallak Mordechai , Gabbay‐Benziv Rinat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo validate the Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit's (MFMU) vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC) calculator in an Israeli cohort, and to detect other variables associated with VBAC and construct an improved VBAC calculator.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed at a single university‐affiliated medical center. Women carrying a singleton, term, cephalic‐presenting fetus, with previous one low transverse cesarean delivery who opted for trial of VBAC were included. Demographic and obstetric characteristics were incorporated into the MFMU's calculator, to predict probabilities of VBAC and compare prediction performance with the original publication utilizing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) statistics. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate other variables and construct an improved model for success of VBAC.ResultsOf 490 parturients, 396 (80.8%) had a successful vaginal delivery. Compared to the original publication, the MFMU's calculator underperformed: area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.709 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.652–0.766, P < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy were 67.42%, 65.96%, 89.30%, 32.46%, and 32.46%, respectively. An improved model that included previous VBAC, prior vaginal delivery, spontaneous onset of delivery, and maternal diabetes resulted in improved prediction performance with an AUC of 0.771 (95% CI 0.723–0.82, P < 0.001).ConclusionMFMU's VBAC calculator needs to be validated in different populations before implementation.
Heat risks in Swiss milk production
Authors: Bucheli Janic , Uldry Mélissa , Finger Robert 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeat stress can affect milk production in several ways. We here quantify overall farm‐level heat effects on annual milk revenues, veterinary expenses, and feed purchases in Swiss agriculture. We combine farm‐level accountancy panel data from 1314 representative Swiss milk producers and covering 13 years with high‐quality weather data in a reduced‐form two‐way fixed effect model. Although we find that Swiss milk producers frequently encounter heat stress, we find no significant heat effects on annual milk revenues, veterinary expenses, or feed purchases. This finding implies that Swiss milk farms are on average robust to current heat exposure.
Lanthanum nitrate inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes with a disorder of mitotic clonal expansion process
Authors: Xu Linglu , Xiao Qianqian , Kang Chenping , Wei Xuetao , Hao Weidong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLanthanum (La) as a rare earth element is widely used in agriculture, industry, and medicine. It has been suggested in several studies that La might influence glycolipid metabolism in vivo. In this study, we used 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes as in vitro cell model to elucidate the effects of La(NO3)3 on adipogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that La(NO3)3 could inhibit the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes, which showed a decrease in lipid accumulation and the downregulation of specific adipogenic transcription factors. La(NO3)3 exerted its inhibitory effect mainly at the early differentiation stage. Furthermore, La(NO3)3 influenced the S‐phase entry and cell cycle process during the mitotic clonal expansion and regulated the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and expressions of the proteins in phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway at the early stage of differentiation. Besides, La(NO3)3 upregulated the expressions of wnt10b mRNA and β‐catenin protein and promoted the nucleus translocation of β‐catenin. Additionally, we found that La(NO3)3 could promote the growth of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes both with and without MDI (3‐isobutyl‐1‐methylxanthine [IBMX], dexamethasone [Dex], and insulin) stimulation. Collectively, these results indicated that La(NO3)3 could inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes and influence cell proliferation.
Front Cover
Authors: Kreiss Lucas , Ganzleben Ingo , Mühlberg Alexander , Ritter Paul , Schneidereit Dominik , Becker Christoph , Neurath Markus F. , Friedrich Oliver , Schürmann Sebastian , Waldner Maximilian 
Published: September 2022

Label‐free optical technologies provide tissue features without tissue preparation and artificial stainings that are typically used in conventional pathology. Here, Raman spectroscopy is integrated to multiphoton microscopy for joint investigation of the bio‐chemistry and morphology in murine lung fibrosis, revealing molecular fingerprints, cellular components and connective tissue. Machine learning models can then use these label‐free features for automated prediction of conventional pathological scores.Further details can be found in the article by Lucas Kreiss, Ingo Ganzleben, Alexander Mühlberg, Paul Ritter, Dominik Schneidereit, Christoph Becker, Markus F. Neurath, Oliver Friedrich, Sebastian Schürmann, and Maximilian Waldner (e202200073)
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Ligand‐stabilized heteronuclear diatomics of group 13 and 15
Authors: Kaur Aishvaryadeep , Wilson David J. D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA theoretical investigation of ligand‐stabilized MX diatomics (M = group 13, X = group 15 element) with N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands has been carried out to assess bonding and electronic structure. Binding of two ligands in the form L‐MX‐L is generally preferred over binding of a single ligand as L‐MX or MX‐L. Binding of carbene donor ligands is predicted to be thermodynamically favorable for all the systems, and is very favorable for the lighter group 15 systems (nitrogen and phosphorus). Detailed analysis of the bonding in these complexes has been carried out with energy decomposition analysis (EDA). In all cases, the carbene to boron and carbene to nitrogen bonding is described as an electron‐sharing double bond with both σ and π bonding interactions. For the heavier elements, bonding to C (except for PC interactions) is best described as a donor‐acceptor σ single bond.
Predictive Value of18F‐FDG PET/MRIfor Pleural Invasion in Solid and Subsolid Lung Adenocarcinomas Smaller Than 3 cm
Authors: Zhang Annan , Meng Xiangxi , Yao Yuan , Zhou Xin , Yan Shuo , Fei Wang , Zhou Nina , Zhang Yan , Kong Hanjing , Li Nan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET)/MRI combines the characteristics of metabolism imaging and high soft tissue resolution, and could provide high diagnostic efficacy for assessment of pleural invasion (PI) of lung cancer.PurposeTo investigate the application of18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MRI for predicting PI of lung cancer with the maximum diameter ≤3 cm.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 44 patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), age from 39 to 79 years old, including 19 (56.82%) females.Field Strength/SequenceA 3‐T, hybrid PET/MRI including axial fast spin echo respiratory‐triggered T2 fat‐suppressed imaging (T2FS) and echo planar imaging diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI).AssessmentThe maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of all lesions was measured on PET images. Localized effusion outside the contact between the nodules and the pleura on T2FS and signal at the contact between the nodules and the pleura on DWI were evaluated by experienced physicians through visual assessment of the MRI sequences.Statistical TestsThree models (models 1–3) were developed, incorporating CT, CT and PET, PET and MRI features, and Lasso regression was used in feature selection. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for PI diagnosis was visualized for each model, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. The DeLong test was used to compare the different AUCs. APvalue < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe AUC of models 1–3 was 0.762, 0.829, and 0.915, respectively. The DeLong test showed a statistically significant difference between the AUCs of model 1 vs. model 3, while the differences between the AUCs of model 1 vs. model 2 (P = 0.253) and model 2 vs. model 3 (P = 0.075) were not statistically significant.Data conclusion18F‐FDG PET/MRI might show high predictive value for lung adenocarcinoma smaller than 3 cm with PI.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Investigating the relative contribution of anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas and land use and land cover change to Asian climate: A dynamical downscaling study
Authors: Zhang Weiyue , Xu Zhongfeng , Guo Weidong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHuman activity have caused significant increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration and land use and land cover change (LULCC), which can in turn affect regional and global climate. We investigate the relative contributions of increased GHG concentration and LULCC to the precipitation and surface air temperature (SAT) in Asia through three dynamical downscaling simulations with different land cover maps and GHG concentrations. The results suggest that the increased GHG concentration leads to an increase (decrease) in precipitation over East Asia and Southeast Asia (South Asia) in spring and winter. Over Southeast Asia and the Bay of Bengal, LULCC induced a significant decrease in precipitation in autumn and winter, and the change is greater than that induced by GHG. Moreover, the enhanced GHG concentration generally leads to a decrease in dry days or light rain days and an increase in heavy rain days over the land area. However, LULCC‐induced changes in extreme precipitation are generally weak. The increased GHG concentration induces a significant increase of 1–3°C in the SAT throughout the year. LULCC plays a more important role than the increased GHG concentration in modulating the SAT over South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia throughout the year. The increased GHG concentration and LULCC cause a broader range of changes in the daily temperature frequency. The anomalous warm event of 8–10°C increases by 1–1.5 days per season in the middle latitude regions in boreal spring due to the increased GHG concentration. LULCC also leads to an increase in high‐temperature events except central Asia.
A meta‐analysis of the association between event‐related rumination and posttraumatic growth: The Event‐Related Rumination Inventory and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory
Authors: Allen Niamh , Hevey David , Cogley Clodagh , O'Keeffe Fiadhnait 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrauma can disrupt an individual's core beliefs about themselves, others, and the world. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is thought to be the outcome of a reconstruction process involving ruminative processing. This meta‐analysis examined the strength of the associations between event‐related intrusive and deliberate rumination and PTG. The moderating effects of variables including age, time since trauma exposure, and trauma type were examined. Eight databases were searched for English‐language, peer reviewed studies examining the associations between PTG and types of event‐related rumination in adults. Effect sizes (Pearson's r) were extracted and analyzed, and study quality was assessed using the Study Quality Assessment Tool for Observational and Cohort studies. In total, 46 studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A significant main effect was observed for the association between retrospectively reported deliberate rumination that occurred soon after a traumatic event and PTG, r = .45, 95% CI [.41, .49]. There was significant variability in effect sizes, and the strength of this association differed according to age. The association between intrusive rumination and PTG was not significant and varied in direction. Deliberate rumination that occurred relatively soon following trauma exposure was shown to be positively associated with PTG. The findings highlight the importance of supporting trauma survivors to engage in the deliberate cognitive processing of their experiences to encourage PTG. Longitudinal research is needed to further delineate the temporal role of event‐related rumination in PTG development.
Determination of Short Chain Branching in LLDPE by Rheology
Authors: Usanase Gisèle , Fraisse Frédéric , Taam Manel , Boyron Olivier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe relationship between the structure and the final properties of materials is an important issue in polymer science. In particular, the properties of polyolefins are impacted by their branching contents. A simple rheological method is presented to estimate the degree of short chain branching (SCB) in linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE). A range of ethylene‐1‐hexene copolymers is synthetized using a metallocene catalyst to obtain homogenous LLDPE models with various comonomer contents. The polymers are analyzed by size exclusion chromatography, 13C NMR, and crystallization elution fractionation to determine both their molar masses and their chemical composition distributions. Subsequently, they are measured by rheology to assess the impact of SCB. This work provides calibration curves for rheology and proves that it is possible to predict the SCB content in LLDPE from the melt viscosity analysis.