bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet-Rich Plasma vs Autologous Blood Injection to Treat Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Authors: Bildik Celaleddin , Kaya Ozcan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common cause of heel pain. Previous work has shown promising results regarding platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for the treatment of PF. The aim of this study is to prospectively compare the efficacy of PRP and autologous blood injections in a randomized anonymized patient group to treat PF. Methods: PF patients who failed at least 6 weeks of noninvasive conservative treatment aged between 40 and 65 years were recruited to be in the study. Patients were randomly assigned into group A (PRP) or group B (autologous blood). Injections were performed under ultrasonographic guidance in a double-anonymized manner. The groups were compared according to preinjection and postinjection health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores measured with Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) and visual analog scale (VAS). Intragroup comparative analysis was also performed at different time points. Independent t tests and repeated measures analyses of variance were used for statistical analysis, with P <.05 set for statistical significance. Results: Group A (PRP) included 30 (19 female, 11 male) patients with mean age 52.2 ±6.3; group B (ABI) included 30 (20 female, 10 male) patients with mean age 52.7 ± 6.5. Both groups had similar body mass index ( P = .719). No injection-related complications were recorded. After treatment, both groups had improved FADI and VAS scores compared to the baseline. Although the mean HRQoL scores were higher in the PRP group, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups ( PVAS = .589; PFADI = .742). Conclusion: Participants with plantar fasciitis improved statistically significantly after either PRP or ABI injections compared with baseline HRQoL scores, with no significant differences seen between the groups. Level of Evidence: Level I, prospective randomized double-anonymized clinical comparative study.
Encounter glaucoma decision Aid trial
Authors: Alwazae Manal , Alhumud Atheer , Aldarrab Abdulrahman , Hemid Abdullah Bin , AlHassan Razan Abu , AlAdel Fadwa , Aljasim Leyla , Owaidha Ohoud 
Published: August 2022

Purpose A decision aid facilitates patient engagement in the decision-making process in ophthalmic practice. In particular, patients with open-angle glaucoma will benefit from such an intervention as it enhances their knowledge, compliance, and satisfaction with the healthcare services. Methods The Encounter Glaucoma Decision Aid (GDA) was delivered to 145 patients with open-angle glaucoma at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital. Evaluation was done using a pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire. We compared the patients’ knowledge, compliance, and decision conflict scale at baseline, before receiving Encounter GDA, and again three months later. Results The average age of the participants was 56.82 years. Most of the participants were male (67.6%). The mean duration since the participants were diagnosed with glaucoma was 9.39 years. After using Encounter GDA, 80% of participants had a statistically significant improvement in their level of knowledge, moving from poor to good (P = 0.001). There was also a statistically significant increase in adherence to medication, from 41.4% to 65.5% (P = 0.001). The decision conflict score decreased significantly after using Encounter GDA (before it was 60.94 ± 21.60 vs. after 19.18 ± 17.83). Conclusion Using GDA cards as an educational measure has a significant effect on improving patient's knowledge and adherence to medications.
Evaluating vision-specific quality of life and functional vision in a Brazilian population with Stargardt disease
Authors: Gomes Mirela L. S. , Mansur-Pantuzzo Esther R. , Lagos Angel A. R. , Corrêa Humberto , Duarte Dante , Frasson Maria 
Published: August 2022

Purpose To compare the vision-specific quality of life (QoL) of individuals with Stargardt disease (STGD) with that of healthy individuals and to investigate the association between vision-specific QoL and functional vision. Methods This cross-sectional study included 41 patients with STGD and 46 healthy volunteers matched by age and gender. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was used to calculate the Functional Acuity Score (FAS) and Goldmann perimetry the Functional Field Score (FFS). These scores were combined to obtain the Functional Vision Score (FVS). Vision-specific QoL was assessed using the 25-item version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). Results The groups had similar sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. There were significant differences in BCVA, vision-specific QoL assessed by the NEI VFQ-25, and FVS ( p < 0.001) between individuals with STGD and controls. The final total score and all the subscales of the NEI VQF-25 questionnaire were significantly lower in the STGD group ( p < 0.001), except for the subscales general health, color vision, and ocular pain. NEI VFQ-25 results in the STGD group were positively correlated with family income, FVS, and FFS. FVS was the score best correlated with the NEI VFQ-25 total score. Conclusions Individuals with STGD had significant impairment of vision-specific QoL and functional vision compared with controls and the FVS was the objective evaluation method most correlated with vision-specific QoL in this population.
MicroRNA-21 protects against sepsis-induced acute lung injury by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog in mice
Authors: Ge Chen , Liu Junhang , Fu You , Jia Lijing , Long Ling , Dong Shimin 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Sepsis can cause acute lung injury (ALI), one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. The underlying mechanisms of sepsis-induced acute lung injury include excessive inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, pulmonary edema, and lung tissue dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that miRNA-21 (miR-21) plays a vital role in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Relatively few studies have focused on the protective effects of ALI. This study aimed to determine the potential role of miR-21 in sepsis-induced ALI. Methods: We performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in a septic mouse model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and found that miR-21 expression was upregulated. We then transfected the miR-21 precursor to upregulate miR-21 expression and miR-21 inhibitor to downregulate miR-21 expression. The sham group was exposed only to the cecum. ALI was induced by CLP, and the pre-miR-21+ALI and anti-miR-21+ALI groups were treated with miR-21 precursor or miR-21 inhibitor in the caudal vein before CLP. Pre-miR-21+ALI+PTEN inhibition (Pre-miR-21+ALI+PI) and anti-miR-21+ALI+PTEN inhibition (Anti-miR-21+ALI+PI) groups were treated with PTEN inhibition into the caudal vein after miR-21 transfection. Inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, lung tissue cell apoptosis, oxygenation index (OI), lung wet/dry weight ratio, and lung pathological changes in the lung were observed in each group. Results: Compared with ALI mice, inflammatory response, oxidative stress indicators, lung tissue cell apoptosis, and the degree of lung injury were remarkably alleviated in Pre-miR-21+ALI mice and aggravated in Anti-miR-21+ALI mice. Western blot analysis showed that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein expression was decreased in CLP-treated mics. PTEN protein expression was decreased in the Pre-miR-21+ALI group but increased in the Anti-miR-21+ALI group. Moreover, the effect of miR-21 on anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis enhanced after PTEN inhibition. Conclusion: This study revealed that miR-21 has a protective effect in sepsis-induced ALI by regulating PTEN in mice.
Global stroke statistics 2022
Authors: Thayabaranathan Tharshanah , Kim Joosup , Cadilhac Dominique A , Thrift Amanda G , Donnan Geoffrey A , Howard George , Howard Virginia J , Rothwell Peter M , Feigin Valery , Norrving Bo , Owolabi Mayowa , Pandian Jeyaraj , Liu Liping , Olaiya Muideen T 
Published: August 2022

Background: Contemporary data on stroke epidemiology and the availability of national stroke clinical registries are important for providing evidence to improve practice and support policy decisions. Aims: To update the most current incidence, case-fatality, and mortality rates on stroke and identify national stroke clinical registries worldwide. Methods: We searched multiple databases (based on our existing search strategy) to identify new original papers, published between 1 November 2018 and 15 December 2021, that met ideal criteria for data on stroke incidence and case-fatality, and added these to the studies reported in our last review. To identify national stroke clinical registries, we updated our last search, using PubMed, from 6 February 2015 until 6 January 2022. We also screened reference lists of review papers, citation history of papers, and the gray literature. Mortality codes for International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 were extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) for each country providing these data. Population denominators were obtained from the United Nations (UN) or WHO (when data were unavailable in the UN database). Crude and adjusted stroke mortality rates were calculated using country-specific population denominators, and the most recent years of mortality data available for each country. Results: Since our last report in 2020, there were two countries (Chile and France) with new incidence studies meeting criteria for ideal population-based studies. New data on case-fatality were found for Chile and Kenya. The most current mortality data were available for the year 2014 (1 country), 2015 (2 countries), 2016 (11 countries), 2017 (10 countries), 2018 (19 countries), 2019 (36 countries), and 2020 (29 countries). Four countries (Libya, Solomon Islands, United Arab Emirates, and Lebanon) reported mortality data for the first time. Since our last report on registries in 2017, we identified seven more national stroke clinical registries, predominantly in high-income countries. These newly identified registries yielded limited information. Conclusions: Up-to-date data on stroke incidence, case-fatality, and mortality continue to provide evidence of disparities and the scale of burden in low- and middle-income countries. Although more national stroke clinical registries were identified, information from these newly identified registries was limited. Highlighting data scarcity or even where a country is ranked might help facilitate more research or greater policy attention in this field.
Description and outcomes of patients with substance use disorder with serious bacterial infections who had a multidisciplinary care conference
Authors: Conte Michael , Schneider Brent , Varley Cara D. , Streifel Amber C. , Sikka Monica K. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and severe bacterial infections requiring prolonged antibiotic therapy represent a significant challenge to providers due to complexity of care coordination required to ensure safe and effective treatment. Our institution developed a patient-centered multidisciplinary discharge planning conference, OPTIONS-DC, to address this challenge. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review to evaluates parameters between patients who received an OPTIONS-DC and those who did not. Results: We identified 73 patients receiving an OPTIONS-DC and 100 who did not. More patients with an OPTIONS-DC were < 40 years of age (76.7% versus 61.0%, OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.1–4.7, p = 0.02), had positive HCV antibody testing (58.9% versus 41.0%, OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–3.8, p = 0.02), injection drug use (93.2% versus 79.0%, OR = 3.6 95% CI = 1.3–10.1, p = 0.01), used methamphetamines (84.9% versus 72.0%, OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.0–4.8, p = 0.04), and started inpatient SUD treatment (80.8% versus 63%, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.2–5.0, p = 0.04) compared with those without a conference. The OPTIONS-DC group was more likely to be diagnosed with bacteremia (74.0% versus 57.0%, OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.1, p = 0.02), endocarditis (39.7% versus21.0%, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3–4.9, p = 0.03), vertebral osteomyelitis (45.2% versus 15.0%, OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.3–9.6, p < 0.01), and epidural abscess (35.6% versus 10.0%, OR = 5.0, 95% CI = 2.2–11.2, p < 0.01) and require 4 weeks or more of antibiotic treatment (97.3% versus 51.1%, OR = 34.1, 95% CI = 7.9–146.7, p = 0.01). Patients with an OPTIONS-DC were also more likely to be admitted between 2019 and 2020 than between 2018 and 2019 (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.1–7.9, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with an OPTIONS-DC tended to have more complicated infections and longer courses of antibiotic treatment. While further research on outcomes is needed, patients receiving an OPTIONS-DC were able to successfully complete antibiotic courses across a variety of settings.
Nasopharyngeal sialocoele with underlying auditory tube neoplasia in a cat
Authors: Fritz Julien , Belmudes Audrey , Cauvin Edouard , Girard Nicolas , Rault Delphine N 
Published: August 2022

Case summary An 8-year-old cat was presented with recent signs related to upper airway obstruction. CT revealed a hypoattenuating mass, with rim enhancement, in the nasopharynx. Paracentesis yielded a viscous fluid, consistent with saliva on cytology. The sialocoele was aspirated, and surgical excision of the ipsilateral mandibular and sublingual salivary glands was performed. The sialocoele recurred 3 months later, associated with a polypoid structure in the auditory tube region. This was surgically extirpated. Histology was consistent with a tubulopapillar adenocarcinoma. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a nasopharyngeal sialocoele with confirmed underlying neoplasia in a cat, and the first description of CT imaging features of a nasopharyngeal sialocoele in a cat.
Spot It, Prevent It: Evaluation of a Rapid Response Algorithm for Managing Workplace Violence Among Home Care Workers
Authors: Ruco Arlinda , Nichol Kathryn , Edwards Brydne , Roy Meghla , Morgan Dionne , Holness D Linn , McKay Sandra 
Published: August 2022

Background: Workplace violence incidents remain pervasive in health care. Home care workers like personal support workers (PSWs) provide services for clients with dementia, which has been identified as a risk factor for workplace violence. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the implementation of a rapid response algorithm resolved unsafe working conditions associated with responsive behaviors and decreased perception of risk. Methods: A nonexperimental pre- and post-evaluation design was utilized to collect data from PSWs and supervisors. PSWs completed an online survey about their experience with workplace violence and perception of risk. Bi-weekly check-ins were conducted with supervisors to track incidents and their level of resolution in the algorithm. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted to gather in-depth feedback about the algorithm in practice. Findings: We found no difference in risk perception among PSWs pre- and post-implementation. However, PSWs who had been employed for less than 1 year had a significantly higher risk perception. Overall, the algorithm was found to be helpful in resolving workplace violence incidents. Conclusion and Application to Practice: Opportunity exists to further refine the algorithm and ongoing dissemination, and implementation of the algorithm is recommended to continually address incidents of workplace violence. Newly hired PSWs may require additional supports. Ongoing education and training were identified as key mitigation strategies.
Shared ACL Bone Tunnel Technique for Repair of Lateral Meniscus Posterior Root Tears Combined With ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Yi , Bai Fan , Liu Xiaoyan , She Hongjiang , Ding Chuan , Xiang Bingyan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Independent transtibial pullout repair is a common surgical technique for repairing lateral meniscus posterior root tears (LMPRTs). The shared anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) bone tunnel technique is an alternative technique for LMPRT repair combined with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) to avoid the establishment of additional bone tunnels. Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of the shared ACL bone tunnel versus the independent transtibial pullout techniques for LMPRT repair combined with ACLR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between March 2014 and February 2018, a total of 48 patients were diagnosed with ACL injury with concomitant LMPRT; 22 patients underwent independent transtibial pullout repair (group T), and 26 patients underwent the shared ACL bone tunnel technique (group S). At a follow-up of >2 years, we compared knee functional recovery using the Lysholm, Tegner, and International Knee Documentation Committee scores and the pivot-shift test. Lateral meniscal extrusion, and cartilage degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were also compared. The healing status of the lateral meniscus posterior root was compared using second-look arthroscopy and MRI. Results: The duration of surgery was significantly shorter in group S compared with group T (98.3 ± 11.1 vs 127.9 ± 17.5 min; P = .001). At final follow-up, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in knee functional scores, pivot shift, or grade of cartilage degeneration. Lateral meniscal extrusion was decreased in group S compared with group T (2.41 ± 0.61 vs 1.59 ± 1.35 mm; P = .014). Second-look arthroscopy revealed stable healing in 16 of 18 patients (88.9%) in group S and 10 of 15 patients (66.7%) in group T ( P = .38). Conclusion: Both the shared ACL bone tunnel and the independent transtibial pullout techniques led to satisfactory clinical outcomes. The shared ACL bone tunnel technique is the simpler of the 2 procedures for combined LMPRT repair with ACLR.
Elasticity of the Scalene Muscles in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers Using Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Takaba Keishi , Takenaga Tetsuya , Tsuchiya Atsushi , Takeuchi Satoshi , Fukuyoshi Masaki , Nakagawa Hiroki , Futamura Hidenori , Futamura Ryo , Sugimoto Katsumasa , Murakami Hideki , Yoshida Masahito 
Published: August 2022

Background: Thoracic outlet syndrome is more common in overhead athletes. The anterior and middle scalene muscles have been associated with thoracic outlet syndrome; however, the relationship between the elastic moduli of the scalene muscles and the overhead-throwing position has not been evaluated. Purpose: To investigate the elastic moduli of the anterior and middle scalene muscles in simulated throwing positions using shear wave elastography. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: We enrolled collegiate baseball players who underwent preseason medical checkups in January and February 2020. The anterior and middle scalene muscles were visualized in the short-axis view using ultrasound. In this view, the elastic moduli of the anterior and middle scalene muscles were measured using shear wave elastography in the following arm and neck positions: (1) adduction and neutral rotation of the shoulder (neutral), (2) 90° of abduction and external rotation of the shoulder (ABER), and (3) ABER with neck rotation toward the nonthrowing side (ABER+NR). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and a paired t test were used to compare the elastic modulus values among the 3 positions and between the 2 muscles, respectively. Results: Overall, 30 baseball players were included. In both scalene muscles, the elastic moduli were significantly greater in the ABER versus neutral position (anterior scalene: 14.4 ± 3.8 vs 9.4 ± 2.0 kPa, respectively [ P < .001]; middle scalene: 15.8 ± 5.0 vs 10.9 ± 3.4 kPa, respectively [ P < .001]). In the neutral position, the elastic modulus was significantly greater in the middle scalene than the anterior scalene (10.9 ± 3.4 vs 9.4 ± 2.0 kPa, respectively; P = .03). In the ABER+NR position, the elastic modulus was significantly greater in the anterior scalene than the middle scalene (18.1 ± 4.6 vs 15.8 ± 2.6 kPa, respectively; P = .03). Conclusion: Because the ABER position was a simulation of the throwing position, these results indicate that this position could be associated with high elastic moduli of the scalene muscles, and both the anterior and middle scalene muscles may be involved.
Characterizing the role of the immune microenvironment in multiple myeloma progression at a single-cell level
Authors: Schinke Carolina , Poos Alexandra M. , Bauer Michael , John Lukas , Johnson Sarah , Deshpande Shayu , Carrillo Luis , Alapat Daisy , Rasche Leo , Thanendrarajan Sharmilan , Zangari Maurizio , Al Hadidi Samer , van Rhee Frits , Davies Faith , Raab Marc S. , Morgan Gareth , Weinhold Niels 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Early alterations within the bone marrow microenvironment that contribute to the progression of multiple myeloma (MM) from its precursor stages could be the key to identifying novel therapeutic approaches. However, the intrinsic variability in cellular populations between patients and the differences in sample processing and analysis methods have made it difficult to identify consistent changes between data sets. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow cells from precursor stages, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, smoldering MM, and newly diagnosed MM and analyzed our data in combination with a previously published data set that used a similar patient population and sample processing. Despite the vast interpatient heterogeneity, some alterations were consistently observed in both data sets. We identified changes in immune cell populations as the disease progressed, which were characterized by a substantial decrease in memory and naïve CD4 T cells, and an increase in CD8+ effector T cells and T-regulatory cells. These alterations were further accompanied by an enrichment of nonclonal memory B cells and an increase in CD14 and CD16 monocytes in MM compared with its precursor stages. These results provide crucial information on the immune changes associated with the progression to clinical MM and can help to develop immune-based strategies for patient stratification and early therapeutic intervention.