bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and multi-objective optimization of operating parameters in semi autogenous grinding mill
Authors: soleymani moslem mohammadi , Rezaeizadeh Masood , Mirzadeh Somayeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mill optimization has many economic benefits. Semi autogenous grinding mills are complex multi-input and multi-output systems that are difficult to optimize. The purpose of this study is to examine the functions of the wear of lifters, power draw and product size distribution. The design variables are mill speed, ball filling, slurry concentration and slurry filling. To achieve this aim, a pilot mill was carried out. The experimental results used to create training cases for the artificial neural network and then the optimization of the design variables is conducted by multi-objective genetic algorithm. Level diagrams are then used to select the best solution from the Pareto front. Finally, the response surface methodology has been used to study the interaction between the design parameters. The results showed that the best grinding occurs at 70–80% of the critical speed and ball filling of 15–20%. Optimized grinding was observed when the slurry volume was 1-1.5 times of the ball bed voidage volume and the slurry concentration was 60–70%. Additionally, variables with the largest effect on the process are mill speed and ball filling.
Cx43 facilitates mesenchymal transition of endothelial cells induced by shear stress
Authors: Zhou En , Zhou Jing , Bi Changlong , Zhang Zongqi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to determine the function of Cx43 in the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) process of endothelial cells (ECs) and to explore the potential signaling pathways underlying these functions.
Methods
Endothelial cells (ECs) were extracted from rat aorta. ECs was transfected with Cx43 cDNA, Cx43 siRNA and then exposed to 5 or 12 dyne/cm2. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of SM22α in ECs, Cx43 and acetylated-α tubulin in ECs. Western Blotting was used to detected the protein expression of α-SMA, CD31, Cx43, H1-caponin, Ift88 and p-smad3 in ECs.
Results
The expression of αSMA, SM22α and Cx43 was significantly increased and CD31 was markedly decreased in ECs treated with laminar shear stress at 5 dyn/cm2. The Cx43 cDNA transfection could induce the expression of SM22α or H1-caponin, and attenuate CD31 expression in the ECs. Also, Cx43 overexpression harms cilia formation in ECs exposed to 5dyn/cm2, accompanied with the regulated Ift88 and smad signaling.
Conclusions
This study found that laminar shear stress at 5 dyn/cm2 would increase the expression of Cx43, and interfere with primary cilia formation by inhibiting the expression of Ift88 in ECs.
ALKBH5-induced circRNA NRIP1 promotes glycolysis in thyroid cancer cells by targeting the miR-541-5p/PKM2 and miR-3064-5p/PKM2 axes
Authors: Ji Xiaoyu , Sun Wei , Lv Chengzhou , Huang Jiapeng , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important regulatory roles in various cancers. During tumor progression, circRNAs are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and invasion. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in thyroid cancer have not been fully elucidated. This article aims to study the role of circRNA regulated by m6A modification in PTC, and to clarify the effect and mechanism of this circRNA on the biological behavior of PTC.Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to investigate the expressions of circNRIP1 in PTC tissues and in the adjacent non-cancerous thyroid tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to assess the effects of circNRIP1 on PTC glycolysis and growth. The m6A modification mechanisms of circNRIP1 were evaluated by MeRIP-qPCR, luciferase reporter gene and RNA stability analyses.Results: CircNRIP1 levels in PTC tissues were significantly upregulated. In PTC patients, elevated circNRIP1 levels correlated with high tumor lymph node metastasis (TNM) stage and larger tumor sizes. Functionally, circNRIP1 significantly promoted glycolysis as well as PTC cell proliferation in vitro, and enhanced tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, circNRIP1 acted as a sponge for miR-541-5p and miR-3064-5p and jointly upregulated PKM2 expressions. Knockdown of the m6A demethylase (ALKBH5) significantly enhanced circNRIP1 m6A modification and upregulated its expressions.Conclusion: ALKBH5 knockdown upregulates circNRIP1 to promote glycolysis in PTC cells, therefore, circNRIP1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PTC by acting as a sponge for oncogenic miR-541-5p and miR-3064-5p and upregulating PKM2 expressions.
The correlation between IgM and IgG antibodies with blood profile in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Authors: Alibolandi Zahra , Ostadian Amirreza , Sayyah Saeed , Ksahani Hamed Haddad , Ehteram Hassan , Banafshe Hamid Reza , Hajijafari Mohammad , Sepehrnejad Mahdi , Kashani Narjes Riahi , Azadchehr Mohammd-Javad , Nikzad Hossein , Hosseini Elahe Seyed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the levels of IgM and IgG antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different disease severity.Methods: IgM and IgG antibody levels were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In total, 100 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study and viral RNA was detected by using Real-time PCR technique. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed after hospital admission for COVID-19 and two months post-admission. Results: The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgG was significantly higher in the severe patients than those in moderate and mild groups, 2 months after admission. Also, level of IgG was positively associated with increased WBC, NUT and LYM counts in sever than mild or moderate groups after admission to hospital.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that patients with severe illness might experience longer virus exposure times and have a stronger antibody response against viral infection. Thus, they have longer time immunity compared with other groups.
Novel evaluation of the expression patterns CD44 and MMP9 proteins in intracranial meningiomas and their relationship to the overall survival
Authors: Esattar Ahmed Abd , Essa Abd Elhakeem , soliman Radwa , Hamdan Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Meningiomas are common primary brain neoplasms. CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein receptor that is involved in matrix-mediated cell signaling and cell-matrix adhesion. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays important role in angiogenesis and tumor invasion. The expression of CD44 protein membranous and cytoplasmic (CD44M and CD44C) has been reported in several tumors (such as lobular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, sinonasal melanoma and lymphoma) except CNS tumor.
Methods
This study addressed the expression CD44M and CD44C and MMP9 proteins in intracranial meningiomas and their relationship to overall survival. The expression patterns of CD44M&C and MMP-9 proteins were examined in 32 cases of benign meningiomas, 12 cases of atypical meningiomas, and 6 cases of anaplastic meningiomas using immunohistochemical staining methods.
Results
There was more evident of CD44M expression in atypical and anaplastic meningioma (p = < 0.001). Interestingly, Spearman correlation analyses revealed significant positive correlation between CD44M and MMP9 protein (r = 0.572, p = < 0.001) in spite of there was negative correlation between MMP9 and CD44 score (r= -0.035 p = 0.405). There was a significant association between Ki67 protein expression and the grade of meningiomas (p < 0.001) and gender (p = 0.026). There was a significant correlation between overall survival (OS) and age, gender, tumor grade and Ki67.
Conclusions
Extensive CD44M expression in high-grade meningioma may reflect a tendency toward more invasive power of meningioma cells into surrounding structures (dura, bone and brain).CD44M/MMP-9 axis presented by this study are open for future investigations.
The Core Bacterial Microbiome of Banana (Musa spp.)
Authors: Birt Henry W. G. , Pattison Anthony B. , Skarshewski Adam , Daniells Jeff , Raghavendra Anil , Dennis Paul G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Bananas (Musa spp.) are a globally significant crop and are severely afflicted by diseases for which there are no effective chemical controls. Banana microbiomes may provide novel solutions to these constraints but are difficult to manage due to their high diversity and variability between locations. Hence ‘common core’ taxa, which are a subset of the microbiome that frequent all, or most, individuals of a host species, represent logical targets for the development of microbiome management approaches.
Results
To identify the common core bacterial microbiome of banana, we first performed a pot experiment to characterise the effects of two factors that are likely to differ between farms (viz. edaphic conditions and host genotype) on bacterial diversity in bulk soil and seven plant compartments. As diversity was found to differ between plant compartments and soils, but not genotypes, we identified populations that were frequent across most plants irrespective of the soil in which they were grown. Shortlisted ‘candidates’ were then refined according to whether they were also frequent in a survey of 52 field-grown Musa spp. This led to the selection of 36 ‘common core’ bacteria, that represented 65–95% of the dominant taxa in field-grown plants and were identified as highly interconnected ‘hubs’ using networks – a characteristic shown to be indicative of microbes that influence host fitness in studies of other plants. Lastly, by comparing the sequences of our core taxa with those reported in 22 previous studies, we demonstrated that they are closely related to banana-associated bacteria observed on five other continents.
Conclusions
Our study provides a robust list of common core bacterial taxa for Musa spp. Further research may now focus on how changes in the frequencies and activities of these most persistent taxa influence host fitness. Notably, for several of our core taxa highly similar populations have already been isolated in previous studies and may be amenable to such experimentation. This contribution should help to accelerate the development of effective Musa spp. microbiome management practices.
25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with islet function homeostasis in type 2 diabetes patients with abdominal obesity
Authors: Li Qing , Zhang Wen , Han Bing , Wang Yuying , Wan Heng , Wang Ningjian , Lu Yingli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aim
Islet α-cells input is essential for insulin secretion from β-cells. The role 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) on islet α-cells function is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between 25(OH)D and islet function homeostasis in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.
Methods
Total 4670 T2D patients were enrolled from seven communities in Shanghai, China. Anthropometric indices, biochemical parameters, serum 25(OH)D, and islet function including C-peptide (C-p) and glucagon were measured.
Results
With increase in 25(OH)D level, FPG, HbA1c, glucagon and C-p were significantly decreased in trend in T2D patients. The population were divided into abdominal obesity and non-abdominal obesity group. 25(OH)D level was associated with HbA1c, glucagon and HOMA-β in non-abdominal obesity group after adjustment. As for abdominal obesity group, there was the significant association between 25(OH)D and HbA1c, glucagon, HOMA-IR, baseline insulin and C-p. The OLS regression and quantile regression further showed that 25(OH)D was associated with glucagon and fasting C-p levels in T2D patients with abdominal obesity. In non-abdominal obesity group, the OLS regression showed that the regression coefficients were not significant in 50th percentile for HOMA-β. The moderate analyses revealed significantly interaction effect of 25(OH)D and glucagon on C-p (P = 0.0124), as well as the effect of 25(OH)D and duration of diabetes on glucagon/C-p in abdominal obesity group. According to the range of the duration of diabetes, the conditional indirect effect of 25(OH)D on glucagon/C-p was significantly at 1 SD below the mean (P = 0.0002) and the mean of the duration of diabetes (P = 0.0007).
Conclusion
25(OH)D was negatively associated with glucagon and C-p in T2D patients with abdominal obesity. Duration of diabetes influence the effect of 25(OH)D on the ratio of glucagon/C-p, on behalf of islet function homeostasis, in T2D patients with abdominal obesity.
New tetrahydroquinoline derivatives with anticancer activity: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation
Authors: Ryczkowska Małgorzata , Maciejewska Natalia , Olszewski Mateusz , Witkowska Milena , Makowiec Sławomir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Europe and the United States and the second leading cause of cancer related mortality. A therapeutic strategy used for the treatment of CRC involves targeting the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we synthesized a series of novel tetrahydroquinolinones and assessed their ability to inhibit CRC growth and proliferation by evoking cellular stress through ROS. Our results revealed that (2-oxo-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl) N-(3-fluorophenyl)carbamate (20d) exhibited in vitro antiproliferative activity at micromolar concentrations. The compound also suppressed colony formation and the migration of HCT-116 cells, as well as deregulated the expression of several proteins involved in cell proliferation and metastasis. Furthermore, 20d induced massive oxidative stress by disrupting the balance of cells survival resulting in autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that this tetrahydroquinolinone can be an ideal lead compound for drug discovery based on quinone derivatives.
The Mini Colon Model: a benchtop multi-bioreactor system to investigate the gut microbiome
Authors: Jin Zijie , Ng Andy , Maurice Corinne F. , Juncker David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:In vitro fermentation systems allow for the investigation of gut microbial communities with precise control of various physiological parameters while decoupling confounding factors from the human host. Current systems, such as the SHIME and Robogut, are large in footprint, lack multiplexing, and have low experimental throughput. Alternatives which address these shortcomings, such as the Mini Bioreactor Array system, are often reliant on expensive specialized equipment, which hinders wide replication across labs. Here, we present the Mini Colon Model (MiCoMo), a low-cost, benchtop multi-bioreactor system that simulates the human colon environment with physiologically relevant conditions. The device consists of triplicate bioreactors working independently of an anaerobic chamber and equipped with automated pH, temperature, and fluidic control.Results:We conducted 14-day experiments and found that MiCoMo was able to support a stable complex microbiota community with a Shannon Index of 3.17 ± 0.65, from individual fecal samples after only 3-5 days of inoculation. MiCoMo also retained inter-sample microbial differences by developing closely-related communities unique to each donor, while maintaining both minimal variations between replicate reactors (average Bray-Curtis similarity 0.72± 0.13) and day-to-day variations (average Bray-Curtis similarity 0.81± 0.10) after this short stabilization period. Conclusions:Together, these results establish MiCoMo as an accessible system for studying gut microbial communities with high throughput and multiplexing capabilities.
Cell cycle-related FAM64A could be activated by TGF-β signaling to promote glioma progression
Authors: Fu Minjie , Zhang Jingwen , Feng Yuan , Wang Qijun , Zhang Licheng , Fan Fengfeng , Fang Xinqi , Zhang Jinsen , Wen Wenyu , Hua Wei , Mao Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
FAM64A has been found to promote tumor cell proliferation in various tumors. However, the regulatory mechanism and clinical significance of FAM64A in gliomas still remain unclear.
Methods
FAM64A expression in gliomas with different grades was determined by TCGA database mining and immunoblotting assay. FAM64A silenced U87 cells were constructed with shRNA, and cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle and were detected by CCK8 assay, scratch assay, and flow cytometry respectively. Intercellular crosstalk analysis and transcription factor prediction were performed to query the potential regulatory mechanisms. TGF-b and its downstream transcription factors were detected in glioma samples with different grades to validate the regulatory roles of TGF-b signaling.
Results
FAM64A was highly expressed in glioblastoma and associated with a poor prognosis. FAM64A silenced U87 cell lines displayed disrupted proliferation and migration ability. More cells would be stuck in the S phase. Expression profiles at the single-cell resolution further indicated that FAM64A could play a role in a cell-cycle-dependent way to promote the proliferation of glioma cells. FAM64A expression could be induced by TGF-β signal. And colocalization of SMAD4 and FAM64A could be observed in high-grade glioma tissues.
Conclusions
FAM64A could serve as a malignant biomarker in gliomas, and it could be induced via TGF-β pathway activation., which could explain the crosstalk between glioma cells and also the microenvironment.
Three-month outcomes in cancer patients with superficial- or deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs. Results from the RIETE Registry
Authors: DEBOURDEAU Philippe , BERTOLETTI Laurent , FONT Carme , LÓPEZ-NÚÑEZ Juan José , GÓMEZ-CUERVO Covadonga , MAHÉ Isabelle , OTERO Remedios , ADARRAGA María Dolores , LÓPEZ-MIGUEL Patricia , MONREAL Manuel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients presenting with lower-limb isolated superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) have not been consistently evaluated.Methods: We used data in the RIETE registry to compare the clinical characteristics and 90-day outcomes in patients with: 1) active cancer and lower-limb SVT; 2) active cancer and lower-limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT); 3) lower-limb SVT without cancer. The primary outcome was the composite of symptomatic subsequent SVT, DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE). Secondary outcomes were major bleeding and death.Results: From March 2015 to April 2021, there were 110 patients with cancer and SVT, 1,695 with cancer and DVT, and 1,030 with SVT but no cancer. Most patients in all subgroups (93%, 99% and 96%, respectively) received anticoagulants, those with SVT received lower daily doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (114±58, 163±44, and 106±50 IU/kg, respectively). During the first 90 days, 101 patients (3.6%) developed subsequent VTE (PE 47, DVT 41, SVT 13), 72 (2.5%) bled and 282 (9.9%) died. Subsequent 90-day events were respectively: VTE 7.3%, 4.0% and 2.4%; major bleeding 2.7%, 3.9% and 0.3%; mortality 8.2%, 16% and 0.3%. After D90 only one SVT recurrence and one death occurred in SVT cancer patients. On multivariable analysis, cancer was an independent predictor for subsequent VTE (HR=2.04; 95%CI: 1.15-3.62). Initial presentation as SVT or DVT were not associated with a different risk.Conclusion: The risk for subsequent VTE (including symptomatic SVT, DVT or PE) was similar in cancer patients with isolated SVT than in those with isolated DVT.
Clinical Features of Gastric Cancer Misdiagnosed as Polymyositis: Case-report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bie Liu , Bao Yi , Chen Na , Cui Jingwen , Liu Guangjian , Wu Huihui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Gastric cancer with muscle weakness and pain as the first manifestation is rare. This paper reports the clinical features of a case of gastric cancer misdiagnosed as polymyositis, and to differentiate from similar diseases. Treatment remedies: Admission examination showed fever, muscle strength decline, muscle tenderness, muscle enzyme significantly increased. Polymyositis was first diagnosed, but the patient had significant decrease in whole blood cells. Combined with the examination results, it was found that the disease involved respiratory system, circulatory system, blood system, nervous system, urinary system and other systems, and symptomatic and supportive treatment was given. Post treatment evaluating: The symptoms of patients with progressive aggravation, not in line with the clinical outcome of polymyositis after treatment. After the general consultation of the whole hospital, bone marrow puncture and abdominal CT examination were completed, and the final diagnosis was extensive metastasis of gastric cancer.Conclusions: The early symptoms of gastric cancer are atypical, leading to misdiagnosis. This paper reports the clinical features of this case and differentiates it from similar diseases, so as to accumulate clinical data for the diagnosis of the disease and call for early gastric cancer screening.
Microbial and photodegradation of aflatoxin B1 in two contrasting soils
Authors: Albert Julius , Muñoz Katherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In a 28-days experiment, we investigated the dissipation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (0.5-500 μg kg−1) by microbial (MD) and photodegradation (PD) in two contrasting soils (sandy loam and clay). Sterile incubation in darkness served as control (C). AFB1 was degraded in all scenarios according to simple first-order kinetics with 50% dissipation times of 20 - 32 (PD), 19 - 48 (MD), and 56 - 65 days (C), respectively. Dissipation rates were significantly lower (p<0.001) in the clay soil, likely due to photoquenching and strong binding of AFB1 by clay minerals and humic substances. In the sandy loam, dissipation rate of MD decreased in function of initial AFB1 concentration, probably due to toxic effects on degrading microbes. In contrast, in the clay soil the dissipation rate increased with increasing concentration up to 250 μg kg−1, followed by a sharp decrease at 500 μg kg−1, indicating an effect of soil texture on the bioavailability of AFB1 to soil microbes. AFB2a was identified as a transformation product in all scenarios. These results confirm the function of soil for AFB1 degradation, which is modulated by abiotic and biotic processes, soil characteristics and initial AFB1 concentration.