bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research priorities to prevent and treat diabetic foot ulcers—A digital James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Kumlien Christine , Acosta Stefan , Björklund Sebastian , Lavant Eva , Lazer Victoria , Engblom Johan , Ruzgas Tautgirdas , Gershater Magdalena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo establish outcomes of a priority setting partnership between participants with diabetes mellitus and clinicians to identify the top 10 research priorities for preventing and treating diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).MethodsDue to the COVID‐19 pandemic, the James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership process was adapted into a digital format which involved a pilot survey to identify understandable uncertainties with high relevance for participants tested by calculating the content validity index; a main survey answered by 53 participants living with diabetes and 49 clinicians; and a final digital workshop to process and prioritise the final top 10 research priorities.ResultsThe content validity index was satisfactory for 20 out of 25 uncertainties followed by minor changes and one additional uncertainty. After we processed the 26 uncertainties from the main survey and seven current guidelines, a list of 28 research uncertainties remained for review and discussion in the digital workshop. The final top 10 research priorities included the organisation of diabetes care; screening of diabetes, impaired blood circulation, neuropathy, and skin properties; vascular surgical treatment; importance of self‐care; help from significant others; pressure relief; and prevention of infection.ConclusionThe top 10 research priorities for preventing and treating DFUs represent consensus areas from persons living with diabetes and clinicians to guide future research. These research priorities can justify and inform strategic allocation of research funding. The digitalisation of James Lind Alliance methodology was feasible.
Effect of abnormal credit expansion and contraction on GDP per capita in ECOWAS countries
Authors: Ozili Peterson K. , Oladipo Jide , Iorember Paul Terhemba 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigate the impact of abnormal credit expansion and contraction on the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (CGDP) of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries. We analyse abnormal credit from two dimensions: first, the impact of abnormal credit contraction on CGDP and, second, the impact of abnormal credit expansion on CGDP. Using data for 10 ECOWAS countries from 1993 to 2021, we find evidence that abnormal credit contraction reduces the CGDP of ECOWAS countries. We also find some evidence that abnormal credit expansion reduces the CGDP of ECOWAS countries. More specifically, a unit increase in abnormal credit contraction decreases CGDP by 0.99%, whereas a unit increase in abnormal credit expansion decreases CGDP by only 0.1%. The findings confirm that ‘too little’ or ‘too much’ credit does not improve growth per person in immature financial systems. We also observe that banking sector solvency and a strong legal system have a positive effect on the CGDP of ECOWAS countries, while banking sector efficiency has a negative effect on CGDP.
Cultivating Ethnographic Sensibilities in Ethnographies of Dying People
Authors: Arteaga Ignacia , Llewellyn Henry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEthnographers engaged in fieldwork with people who are dying face particular demands concerning the nature and limits of their relationships. Drawing on case studies of two patients in the United Kingdom affected by ultimately fatal brain cancer and bowel cancer, we elaborate on the concept of ethnographic sensibility. We highlight the continual attunement of capacities that guide our participation in intersubjective encounters that are suffused by an “existential excess” and help make sense of rapid transformations in our relationships with those who are dying. We situate our approach to ethnographic sensibility within phenomenological notions of shared experience and social becoming to discuss some of the features and challenges of producing knowledge forms about the ends of life.
The moderating effects of L2 proficiency on the relationship between reading and writing in L2 and across L1 and L2
Authors: Kim Kyung Ja , Pae Tae‐Il 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine the relationships between reading and writing, and the role of L2 proficiency in moderating these relationships, among 8th and 11th graders in South Korea. A total of 257 eighth and 322 eleventh graders learning English as a foreign language participated in Study 1 and Study 2, respectively. The findings indicated that (1) reading and writing have a two‐way relationship regardless of grade levels, (2) a two‐way relationship between reading and writing exists not only within L2 but also across L1 and L2 (L1 reading → L2 writing, L1 writing → L2 reading), and (3) the strength of the relationship between reading and writing is moderated by the level of L2 proficiency. The authors discuss these results in terms of current research on reading–writing relationships and provide implications for pedagogy and future research.
Uncertainty analysis of multiple terrestrial gross primary productivity products
Authors: Zhang Yahai , Ye Aizhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimGross primary productivity (GPP) of vegetation is an important component of the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. With the development of science and technology, there has been a proliferation of multiple GPP products, yet large uncertainties exist in the global GPP estimated by different GPP products. The objectives of this study were to assess the uncertainty of 45 GPP products in 4 different categories (machine learning, Fluxnet, light use efficiency, land surface model) and to perform an attribution analysis.LocationGlobal.Time period2003–2010.Major taxa studiedTerrestrial ecosystems.MethodsThe three‐cornered hat (TCH) method was used to assess GPP uncertainty because it does not require a priori knowledge of the true GPP values. We also used generalized additive models to explore the contribution of different factors to GPP uncertainty.ResultsThe results show that the magnitude of absolute uncertainty (AU) is generally higher in the GPP high‐value region and also indicate large spatial variability of relative uncertainty (RU) among products. Deciduous broadleaf forest (20.2 g C/m2/year) and deciduous needleleaf forest (27.2 g C/m2/ year) have lower uncertainty compared to that of woody savanna (128.4 g C/m2/ year) and savanna (128.7 g C/m2/year). The RU in machine learning (ML) products overall is low (average value = 14.3%), with ORCHIDEE‐CNP (weight = 4.19%), being more recognized by GPP products are more consistent in the magnitude of spatial variability (similar in the standard deviations) and more uncertain in spatial distribution patterns. Excluding the combined effects of other factors, soil moisture (15.2%) and precipitation (8.3%) are the two factors that contribute most to GPP uncertainty, indicating that focusing on water constraints is a guarantee of GPP product quality.Main conclusionsThe TCH approach quantifies the uncertainty of GPP products well and the spatial distribution pattern variability contributes more uncertainty compared to the magnitude of spatial variability. Future GPP estimates could consider combining the advantages of different GPP products to limit uncertainty.
Analysis of oral microbiota alterations induced by Helicobacter pylori infection and vonoprazan‐amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Hu Yi , Xu Xin , Ouyang Yao‐Bin , He Cong , Li Nian‐Shuang , Xie Chuan , Peng Chao , Zhu Zhen‐Hua , Xie Yong , Shu Xu , Lu Nong‐Hua , Zhu Yin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe oral cavity is considered a potential reservoir of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and the imbalance of oral microbiota directly reflects the health of the host. We aimed to explore the relationship among oral microbiota, H. pylori infection, and vonoprazan‐amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy for H. pylori eradication.MethodsHelicobacter pylori‐positive patients were randomized into low‐ or high‐dose VA dual therapy (i.e., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d. or t.i.d. and vonoprazan 20 mg b.i.d) for 7 or 10 days. H. pylori‐negative patients served as normal controls. Saliva samples were collected from 41 H. pylori‐positive patients and 13 H. pylori‐negative patients. The oral microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis.ResultsHelicobacter pylori‐positive patients had higher richness and diversity and better evenness of oral microbiota than normal controls. Beta diversity analysis estimated by Bray–Curtis or weighted UniFrac showed distinct clustering between H. pylori‐positive patients and normal controls. The number of bacterial interactions was reduced in H. pylori‐positive patients compared with that in negative patients. Forty‐one patients evaluated before and after successful H. pylori eradication were divided into low (L‐VA) and high dose (H‐VA) amoxicillin dose groups. The alpha and beta diversity of the oral microbiota between L‐VA and H‐VA patients exhibited no differences at the three time points (before eradication, after eradication, and at confirmation of H. pylori infection cure).ConclusionHelicobacter pylori infection could alter the diversity, composition, and bacterial interactions of the oral microbiota. Both L‐VA and H‐VA dual therapy showed minimal influence on the oral microbiota.
Understanding the change in electrical resistance of TiO2 thin film irradiated with YVO4 third‐harmonic generation pulse laser
Authors: Tsutsumi Masaki , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo selectively control the electrical resistance, thin films of TiO2 were irradiated with a YVO4 third‐harmonic generation pulse laser in various power conditions. It was observed that when the laser power was less than 0.26 W, the electrical resistance of thin films decreased with the increase in laser power, whereas when the laser power was more than 0.26 W, the electrical resistance increased as the laser power increases. The minimum electrical resistance of the irradiated thin film was found to be four orders of magnitude lower than that of the unirradiated thin film. X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis revealed that the valence of Ti ions in the thin films was reduced after laser irradiation, indicating the formation of oxygen vacancies with electron doping. The cross‐sectional observation by a scanning electron microscope revealed that high laser power irradiation caused the thin films to become porous, and the percolation theory explains the origin of the increase in electrical resistance with developing porous structure. We propose a phase diagram to completely explain the relationship between electrical resistance and laser power, which supply a guideline on laser modification in TiO2 electrical resistance.
Joining of aluminum and ceramic substrates by interposing molten aluminum–silicon alloy
Authors: Kita Ken'ichiro , Hotta Mikinori 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effects of interposing a molten aluminum alloy layer between pure aluminum and silicon nitride on the strength of joining and properties of the joined sample were investigated. An aluminum‐based alloy containing 12 wt% silicon with a melting point lower than the 660°C melting point of pure aluminum was joined to pure aluminum and a silicon nitride substrate by using polymethylphenylsiloxane. A specimen with the same joining area (1600 mm2) and no alloy layer was prepared for comparison. In thermal cycling tests of Δ190 K, cooled at –40°C and heated at 150°C, the specimen without the alloy layer failed after 200 cycles, whereas the specimen with the alloy layer failed after 500 cycles. The bending strength of the sample with the alloy was approximately 1.5 times that of the sample without the alloy. These results indicate that the alloy layer facilitated the strong joining of the aluminum and substrate.
The antimicrobial mechanism of Greek thyme honeys against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: a case study of comparison with Manuka honey
Authors: Masoura Maria , Gkatzionis Konstantinos 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe antibacterial potential of honey has been of great scientific interest. Understanding the underlying mechanism is essential to explore its potential as therapeutic alternative against a range of (non)pathogenic microorganisms. The floral origin of honey is critical for its antibacterial activity and Greek thyme honeys have been of increasing interest due to their chemical composition and bioactivity. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of six Greek honeys, with different percentages of thyme pollen grains and two Manuka honeys were tested against four MRSA clinical isolates (ATCC 43300, 0791, 28965, 01322). Agar‐well diffusion assay and total viable counts were used to examine the antimicrobial strength of honeys, while the effect thereof on cellular redox state and cell membrane was tested by flow cytometry. Thyme honeys had superior or equal antimicrobial strength compared to this of Manuka, while thermal processing did not significantly affect this activity. Acidity and the high H2O2 content, common features for all thyme honeys, caused cellular oxidative damage and cell death unlike observed in Manuka‐treated populations. The activity of the monofloral thyme honey (74% thyme pollen) was higher than the other indigenous polyfloral samples, which confirms the medicinal importance of this medicinal plant.
The effect of talent management on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of nurses
Authors: Gül Duygu , Akkaya Gülnur , Yildirim Aytolan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the effect of talent management on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of nurses and the mediating role of job satisfaction.BackgroundTalent management plays a critical role in attracting, developing, and retaining nurses and is effective in the formation of job satisfaction and organizational commitment.MethodsThis correlational study sample consisted of 482 volunteering nurses who were selected through a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using an information form, the Talent Management Scale, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Organizational Commitment Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, single linear regression, and hierarchical regression analysis. The Baron and Kenny model was used to determine the mediation effect.FindingsTalent management affected the intrinsic, extrinsic subdimensions of job satisfaction and the total score and the affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuance commitment significantly and positively. Job satisfaction had a full mediating role in the effect of talent management on affective commitment and continuance commitment and a partial mediating role in affecting normative commitment.ConclusionTalent management in organizations can increase nurses' job satisfaction and organizational commitment and nurses' job satisfaction can play a mediating role in the effect of talent management on organizational commitment.Implications for nursing and health policyThis study demonstrates that nurse managers and decision‐makers should adopt talent management practices in nursing. Desired results such as nurses' job satisfaction and organizational commitment can be achieved by focusing on the development of nurses' talents.
Integrated high strength and high toughness induced by elongated TiB2 grains in reactive sintered TiB2–TiC–SiC ceramics
Authors: Zhu Jianhua , Yue Xiaojun , Wang Dong , Jin Xing , Ran Songlin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough the addition of other phases into TiB2 matrix to form ceramic composites has been widely used to improve the mechanical properties of monolithic TiB2 ceramics, it is still difficult to greatly enhance the flexural strength and fracture toughness simultaneously. In this work, TiB2–TiC–SiC composites were successfully prepared by reactive spark plasma sintering of Ti3SiC2–B4C–Ti powder mixtures. During the sintering process, TiB2 grains grew into an elongated morphology, endowing the composites with integrated high strength and high toughness. The growth mechanism of TiB2 grains was attributed to the evaporation–condensation kinetics induced by the presence of B2O3. These findings can accelerate the exploration of ceramic composites with excellent comprehensive properties.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis natto JLCC513 on gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function in obese rats
Authors: Sun Ruiyue , Niu Honghong , Sun Mubai , Miao Xinyu , Jin Xin , Xu Xifei , Yanping Chi , Mei Hua , Wang Jinghui , Da Li , Su Ying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis natto JLCC513 (JLCC513) on gut microbiota, inflammation and intestinal barrier function in high-fat-diet (HFD) rats.

Methods and Results
Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed HFD for 16 weeks, and treated with JLCC513 in 9th week. The oral administration of JLCC513 decreased body weight and reduced the inflammation level in HFD rats. Pathologically, JLCC513 prevented the detachment of ileal villus and increased the villus height in rats. Mechanistically, western blot analysis showed that the protein levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins involved in intestinal barrier function, including zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin and claudin-1, were increased after JLCC513 treatment. Meanwhile, JLCC513 treatment also decreased the protein levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), indicating inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, faecal analysis showed that JLCC513 increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Oscillospira and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B), and decreased the levels of Blautia and C_Clostridium.

Conclusions
JLCC513 alleviated intestinal barrier dysfunction by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and regulating gut microbiota disorders.

Significance and Impact of Study
Our study might provide new treatment strategies for obesity and metabolic diseases.
A novel conceptual model of trauma‐informed care for patients with post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 illness (PASC)
Authors: Burton Candace W. , Downs Charles A. , Hughes Thomas , Lambert Natalie , Abrahim Heather L. , Herrera Maria Giraldo , Huang Yong , Rahmani Amir , Lee Jung‐Ah , Chakraborty Rana , Pinto Melissa D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis paper proposes a novel, trauma‐informed, conceptual model of care for Post‐Acute Sequelae of COVID‐19 illness (PASC).DesignThis paper describes essential elements, linkages and dimensions of the model that affect PASC patient experiences and the potential impact of trauma‐informed care on outcomes.Data sourcesPASC is a consequence of the global pandemic, and a new disease of which little is known. Our model was derived from the limited available studies, expert clinical experience specific to PASC survivors and publicly available social media narratives authored by PASC survivors.Implications for nursingThe model provides a critical and novel framework for the understanding and care of persons affected by PASC. This model is aimed at the provision of nursing care, with the intention of reducing the traumatic impacts of the uncertain course of this disease, a lack of defined treatment options and difficulties in seeking care. The use of a trauma‐informed care approach to PASC patients can enhance nurses' ability to remediate and ameliorate both the traumatic burden of and the symptoms and experience of the illness.ConclusionApplying a trauma‐informed perspective to care of PASC patients can help to reduce the overall burden of this complex condition. Owing to the fundamentally holistic perspective of the nursing profession, nurses are best positioned to implement care that addresses multiple facets of the PASC experience.ImpactThe proposed model specifically addresses the myriad ways in which PASC may affect physical as well as mental and psychosocial dimensions of health. The model particularly seeks to suggest means of supporting patients who have already experienced a life‐threatening illness and are now coping with its long‐term impact. Since the scope of this impact is not yet defined, trauma‐informed care for PASC patients is likely to reduce the overall health and systems burdens of this complex condition.
The work of managing a chronic illness: A job description
Authors: Kleman Carolyn , Magnus Jessica Mesmer , Andrews Martha , Meyer Kori , Lutz Barbara J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRationaleSelf‐management of a chronic illness is a struggle for many patients. There is substantial evidence that patients are not as successful as they and their providers would like. Considering patient self‐management through an innovative and diverse lens could help patients, providers and the health care system to consider novel changes to improve success.Aims and ObjectivesTo provide a complete view of patient work by utilizing the human resources management practice of job analysis to develop an initial job description for patients suffering from chronic illness.MethodsStudy design was descriptive qualitative with analysis aiming to identify those reoccurring ideas from the data. Thirty patients, with at least one chronic illness, in three focus groups were assembled for this study. Verbatim recordings and notes were used to categorize the data provided. Five coders analyzed the data independently, and jointly met to discuss the themes identified. Demographic data was collected via surveys.ResultsPatients with chronic illness engage in five primary ‘job’ duties including self‐care (actions taken to effectively manage physical and psychological symptoms), managing relationships (effective management of relationships with employers, family, friends and providers to ensure the best outcomes), managing resources (understanding and managing finances, health and prescription medication insurance), coordination (managing and scheduling visits to providers) and research/education (gathering information and conducting research relative to all aspects of managing one's illness). Relevant knowledge, skills, abilities (KSAs) and other resources were identified that are necessary for patients to effectively perform the five job duties.ConclusionsCreating a job description for the ‘job’ of patient is a crucial step in understanding the work chronically ill patients undertake. Knowing the duties, their associated tasks and KSAs, and resources required to perform those tasks enables patients and their providers and advocates to better identify ways to assist, relieve and encourage these patients in order to maximize patient success.