bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event‐free survival after radical prostatectomy according to prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐positron emission tomography and European Association of Urology biochemical recurrence risk groups
Authors: Roberts Matthew J. , Chatfield Mark D. , Hruby George , Nandurkar Rohan , Roach Paul , Watts Jo Anne , Cusick Thomas , Kneebone Andrew , Eade Thomas , Ho Bao , Nguyen Andrew , Tang Colin , McCarthy Michael , Francis Roslyn , Stricker Phillip , Emmett Louise 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess European Association of Urology (EAU) risk groups for biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer relative to prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐positron emission tomography (PSMA‐PET) status and oncological outcomes.Patients and MethodsA retrospective analysis of a study that incorporated PSMA‐PET for men with BCR after radical prostatectomy (RP) was undertaken. EAU risk groups were considered relative to clinical variables, PSMA‐PET findings, and deployment of salvage radiotherapy (SRT). The primary oncological outcome was event‐free survival (EFS) and this was analysed relative to clinical and imaging variables. An ‘event’ occurred if prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level rose >0.2 ng/mL above nadir or additional therapies were introduced.ResultsA total of 137 patients were included, most of whom had EAU high‐risk disease (76%) and/or low PSA levels (80% <0.5 ng/mL) at the time of PSMA‐PET. EAU risk group was not associated with regional nodal/distant metastasis on PSMA‐PET. Regional nodal/distant metastasis on PSMA PET (compared to negative/local recurrence: hazard ratio [HR] 2.2; P = 0.002) and SRT use (vs no SRT: HR 0.44; P = 0.004) were associated with EFS. EAU high‐risk status was not significantly associated with worse EFS (HR 1.7, P = 0.12) compared to EAU low‐risk status. Among patients who received SRT, both regional/distant metastasis on PSMA‐PET (HR 3.1; P < 0.001) and EAU high‐risk status (HR 2.9; P = 0.04) were independently associated with worse EFS, which was driven by patients in the EAU high‐risk group with regional/distant metastases (38%; HR 3.1, P = 0.001).ConclusionsIn patients with post‐RP BCR, PSMA‐PET findings and receipt of SRT predicted EFS. In patients receiving SRT, PSMA status combined with EAU risk grouping was most predictive of EFS. These findings suggest that the EAU risk groups could be improved with the addition of PSMA‐PET.
Local and landscape correlates of coccinellid species richness, abundance, and assemblage change along a rural–urban gradient in Quintana Roo, Mexico
Authors: Catzim Vannesa V. , Philpott Stacy M. , Hénaut Yann , García‐Arellano Anmi , Pérez‐Lachaud Gabriela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCoccinellids are important predators and provide important ecosystem services. The coccinellid fauna, drivers of assemblage composition, and species richness in the tropics are poorly known. We studied changes in species composition of coccinellids in domestic gardens along a rural‐urban gradient in southeastern Mexico and identified the local and landscape variables that determine abundance and species richness. We surveyed coccinellids through monthly visual surveys, yellow sticky and pan traps in nine domestic gardens, and measured local variables (flower and prey abundance, plant diversity, garden size, temperature, and relative humidity), and gathered information on landscape heterogeneity in buffers around gardens (0.05 km, 1 km, and 3 km radius). We collected 40 coccinellid morphospecies, including two exotic species: Chilocorus nigrita and Delphastus catalinae. Coccinellid species composition differed along the gradient. Assemblages did not exhibit a nested pattern; species turnover was the main contributor of observed beta diversity. Overall coccinellid abundance was highest in the suburban zone, while overall species richness was highest in the rural zone. Mean abundance and mean species richness did not vary significantly along the gradient. The gradient negatively affected coccinellid diversity; diversity was highest in the rural zone which harbored several exclusive species. At the local scale, coccinellid abundance and species richness correlated positively with prey abundance and temperature, and negatively with plant diversity. Urbanization filtered more than half the species in the community, yet urban gardens in southeastern Quintana Roo, especially those providing abundant prey, might assist coccinellid conservation.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material
Unusual phenotype of acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy with ophthalmoplegia, and anti‐GD1a, ‐GD1b and ‐GM1 antibodies
Authors: Afrantou Theodora , Kimiskidis Vasilios , Lagoudaki Roza , Stardeli Thomai , Papaliagkas Vasileios , Zafeiridou Georgia , Thoma Giannoula , Aidoni Zoi , Grigoriadis Nikolaos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) is a severe form of Guillain–Barré syndrome, which typically is not related to ocular palsy, and is pathologically associated with antibodies against GM1 and GD1a gangliosides.Case presentationWe present a patient with a severe, drug‐resistant form of AMSAN with ophthalmoplegia related to antiganglioside (anti‐GD1a, ‐GD1b, ‐GM1) antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and with a poor long‐term outcome.ConclusionsRare cases of AMSAN with ophthalmoplegia are described in the literature. The present patient is a case of an unusual clinical phenotype of AMSAN, the characteristics of which warn of a serious clinical course that requires timely aggressive treatment.
Outcomes of corneal transplantation in Australia, in an era of lamellar keratoplasty
Authors: Williams Keryn A. , Keane Miriam C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWidespread adoption of modern lamellar procedures has altered the pattern of practice of corneal transplantation. Herein, we describe recent findings from the Australian Corneal Graft Registry and place these data into an international context. The total number of grafts reported to the Registry has doubled over the past decade. Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty is increasingly used for keratoconus, while endokeratoplasty has displaced penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Graft survival and visual outcomes for modern lamellar procedures have shown improvement over time. First deep anterior lamellar and penetrating grafts for keratoconus show comparable survival and long‐term best‐corrected visual acuity is equivalent. Penetrating grafts for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy exhibit significantly better survival than do endokeratoplasties, largely because the latter undergo more early graft failures. However, visual rehabilitation is swifter in surviving endokeratoplasties. Significantly fewer recipients of a deep anterior lamellar graft or endokeratoplasty require spectacle or contact lens correction, compared with penetrating keratoplasty.
Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration or socket seal technique. A randomised, single‐blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: MacBeth Neil D. , Donos Nikolaos , Mardas Nikos 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare radiographic bone changes, following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR), a Socket Seal (SS) technique or unassisted socket healing (Control).Material and methodsPatients requiring a single rooted tooth extraction in the anterior maxilla, were randomly allocated into: GBR, SS and Control groups (n= 14/). Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images were recorded post‐extraction and at 4 months, the mid‐buccal and mid‐palatal alveolar ridge heights (BARH/PARH) were measured. The alveolar ridge width, cross‐sectional socket and alveolar‐process area changes, implant placement feasibility, requirement for bone augmentation and post‐surgical complications were also recorded.ResultsBARH and PARH was found to increase with the SS (0.65 mm ± 1.1/0.65 mm ± 1.42) techniques, stabilise with GBR (0.07 mm ± 0.83/0.86 mm ±1.37) and decrease in the Control (−0.52 mm ± 0.8/−0.43 mm ± 0.83). Statistically significance was found when comparing the GBR and SS BARH (p = .04/.005) and GBR PARH (p = .02) against the Control. GBR recorded the smallest reduction in alveolar ridge width (−2.17 mm ± 0.84), when compared to the Control (−2.3 mm ± 1.11) (p = .89). A mid‐socket cross‐sectional area reduction of 4% (−2.27 mm2 ± 11.89), 1% (−0.88 mm2 ± 15.48) and 13% (−6.93 mm2 ± 8.22) was found with GBR, SS and Control groups (GBR vs. Control p = .01). The equivalent alveolar process area reduction was 8% (−7.36 mm2 ± 10.45), 6% (−7 mm2 ± 18.97) and 11% (−11.32 mm2 ± 10.92). All groups supported implant placement, with bone dehiscence noted in 57% (n = 4), 64%(n = 7) and 85%(n = 12) of GBR, SS and Control cases (GBR vs. Control p = .03). GBR had a higher risk of swelling and mucosal colour change, with SS associated with graft sequestration and matrix breakdown.ConclusionGBR ARP was found to be more effective at reducing radiographic bone dimensional changes following tooth extraction.
Increased SPON1 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression by enhancing IL‐6 trans‐signalling
Authors: Huo Yanmiao , Yang Jian , Zheng Jiahao , Xu Dapeng , Yang Minwei , Tao Lingye , Yao Hongfei , Fu Xueliang , Yang Jianyu , Liu Dejun , Hua Rong , Zhang Junfeng , Sun Yongwei , Hu Lipeng , Liu Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigated the specific molecular mechanism and the roles of extracellular matrix protein Spondin 1 (SPON1) in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Materials and MethodsThe expression pattern and clinical relevance of SPON1 was determined in GEO, Ren Ji and TCGA datasets, further validated by immunohistochemical staining and Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Loss and gain of function experiments were employed to investigate the cellular function of SPON1 in vitro. Gene set enrichment analysis, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence and Western blot and immunoprecipitation were applied to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. Subcutaneous xenograft model was used to test the role of SPON1 in tumour growth and maintenance in vivo.ResultsSPON1 is significantly upregulated in PDAC tumour tissues and correlated with progression of PDAC. Loss and gain of function experiments showed that SPON1 promotes the growth and colony formation ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Combining bioinformatics assays and experimental signalling evidences, we found that SPON1 can enhance the IL‐6/JAK/STAT3 signalling. Mechanistically, SPON1 exerts its oncogenic roles in pancreatic cancer by maintaining IL‐6R trans‐signalling through stabilizing the interaction of soluble IL‐6R (sIL‐6R) and glycoprotein‐130 (gp130) in PDAC cells. Furthermore, SPON1 depletion greatly reduced the tumour burden, exerted positive effect with gemcitabine, prolonging PDAC mice overall survival.ConclusionsOur data indicate that SPON1 expression is dramatically increased in PDAC and that SPON1 promotes tumorigenicity by activating the sIL‐6R/gp130/STAT3 axis. Collectively, our current work suggests SPON1 may be a potential therapy target for PDAC patient.
Fishers' tales—Impact of artisanal fisheries on threatened sharks and rays in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Alifa Bintha , Cavanagh Rachel D. , Spaet Julia L. Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIncreasing fishing pressure has negatively impacted elasmobranch populations globally. Despite high levels of historical and current fishing pressure, the Bay of Bengal region remains data‐poor. Focusing on Bangladesh, we conducted a socio‐ecological study to characterize elasmobranch fisheries and evaluate their impact on threatened species. The results demonstrate that several globally threatened elasmobranch species are frequently captured, and some of them have experienced substantial population declines (e.g., wedgefishes, sawfishes, large carcharhinid sharks) over the past decade. A decrease in elasmobranch diversity, abundance, and size of caught specimens was also reported, which was attributed to increased fishing intensity, destructive practices (e.g., bottom trawling), and an accessible elasmobranch market. While catch and trade of more than 90 elasmobranchs are regulated under Bangladesh's law, non‐compliance is widespread. Likely causes include a dearth of awareness, practical alternative livelihoods, and technical facilities, and the complex nature of the fisheries. Encouraging and facilitating the engagement of fishers in science (data collection), local governance (policy‐making), and field implementation (bycatch mitigation) is vital. These interventions must be rooted in sustainable approaches and co‐designed with fishers, with appropriate training available. Development of this work through enhanced engagement with fishers has the potential to transform the elasmobranch fishery situation in Bangladesh and could be used as a model for data‐poor regions.
A randomized, cross‐over trial of metoprolol succinate formulations to evaluate PK and PD end points for therapeutic equivalence
Authors: Mosley Scott A. , Kim Sarah , El Rouby Nihal , Lingineni Karthik , Esteban Valvanera Vozmediano , Gong Yan , Chen Yiqing , Estores David , Feng Kairui , Kim Hyewon , Kinjo Minori , Langaee Taimour , Li Zhichuan , Schmidt Siegfried O. F. , Johnson Julie A. , Frye Reginald F. , Fang Lanyan (Lucy) , Zhao Liang , Binkley Philip F. , Schmidt Stephan , Cavallari Larisa H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere are limited comparison data throughout the dosing interval for generic versus brand metoprolol extended‐release (ER) tablets. We compared the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics of brand name versus two generic formulations (drugs 1 and 2) of metoprolol ER tablets with different time to maximum concentration (Tmax) in adults with hypertension. Participants were randomized to equal drug doses (50–150 mg/day) administered in one of two sequences (brand‐drug1‐brand‐drug2 or brand‐drug2‐brand‐drug1) and completed 24‐h PK, digital heart rate (HR), ambulatory blood pressure (BP), and HR studies after taking each formulation for greater than or equal to 7 days. Metoprolol concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, with noncompartmental analysis performed to obtain PK parameters in Phoenix WinNonlin. Heart rate variability (HRV) low‐to‐high frequency ratio was determined per quartile over the 24‐h period. Thirty‐six participants completed studies with the brand name and at least one generic product. Among 30 participants on the 50 mg dose, the primary PK end points of area under the concentration‐time curve and Cmax were similar between products; Tmax was 6.1 ± 3.6 for the brand versus 3.5 ± 4.9 for drug 1 (p = 0.019) and 9.6 ± 3.2 for drug 2 (p < 0.001). Among all 36 participants, 24‐h BPs and HRs were similar between products. Mean 24‐h HRV low‐to‐high ratio was also similar for drug 1 (2.04 ± 1.35), drug 2 (1.86 ± 1.35), and brand (2.04 ± 1.77), but was more sustained over time for the brand versus drug 1 (drug × quartile interaction p = 0.017). Differences in Tmax between metoprolol ER products following repeated doses may have implications for drug effects on autonomic balance over the dosing interval.
Alveolar soft part sarcoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Singh Neha , Gupta Prajwala , Misra Sunayana , Ahuja Arvind , Jain Vijay Kumar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rarely diagnosed tumour of deep soft tissue origin. This tumour is more common in adolescents and young adults and has a slowly progressive clinical course, which often leads to delayed diagnosis and treatment. It is highly vascular, can be confused with other entities like haemangiomas and arteriovenous malformations clinically and radiologically and is thus challenging to report on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Diagnosing the tumour is difficult on cytology, so knowledge of this entity and the differentials with its morphological mimics on cytology is required for timely diagnosis and early management of the patient. We report a case of ASPS in a young female who presented with a large, painless swelling in the thigh, diagnosed on cytology combined with ancillary testing with immunohistochemical markers.
Epidermotropism of inflammatory cells differentiates pyoderma gangrenosum from venous leg ulcers
Authors: Ronicke Moritz , Baur Andreas , Kirr Michael , Erdmann Michael , Erfurt‐Berge Cornelia , Ostalecki Christian 
Published: April 2022

SummaryBackground and objectivesPyoderma gangrenosum is an ulcerative autoinflammatory disease, lacking distinct histopathological characteristics to differentiate from other ulcerating conditions, like venous leg ulcers. The objective of this study was therefore to find histopathological characteristics of pyoderma gangrenosum in a head‐to‐head comparison to venous leg ulcers.Patients and methodsEight tissue samples of pyoderma gangrenosum, twelve samples of venous leg ulcers and six samples of healthy skin were stained using an immunohistological multi antigen staining technology. The immune infiltrate and its spatial distribution were analyzed with contextual tissue cytometry software using fluorescence images.ResultsThe dense epidermal presence of CD45RO+ memory T cells and the rarefication of CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the epidermis were defining markers for pyoderma gangrenosum, implicating an epidermal immune reaction. In addition, high numbers of CD11c+CD68+ pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages were detected in the dermis, significantly extending the numbers seen in venous leg ulcers.ConclusionsThe histopathological differences found between pyoderma gangrenosum and venous leg ulcer can be used to distinguish between the two diseases and thus provide an important aid for the rapid initiation of adequate therapy. In addition, our data hint at an antigen‐driven process in the epidermis, possibly involving CD1a+ Langerhans cells.
Evaluation and management of esophageal varices by through‐the‐scope endoscopic Doppler probe method
Authors: Shiratori Yasutoshi , Yamamoto Kazuki , Okuyama Shuhei , Yoshimoto Takaaki , Ikeya Takashi , Okada Syuichi , Fukuda Katsuyuki , Rateb George 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesObjective assessments of esophageal varices (EVs) are inadequate. The recurrence of variceal bleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is associated with residual blood flow underlying EVL or incomplete treatment of a perforating vein by EVL. We aimed to assess our novel through‐the‐scope endoscopic Doppler probe method (DOP) for the evaluation and management of EVs.MethodsThis study included 20 patients (54 varices) with a history of esophageal variceal rupture from June 2019 to May 2021 who underwent DOP at a tertiary hospital. Variceal velocities were compared based on the size and endoscopic variceal findings. Additionally, we performed EVL assisted by DOP (EVL + DOP) in nine patients.ResultsDoppler imaging of EVs was observed in all 20 patients. The velocity of varices was significantly higher in EVs with a larger size, greater form, blue color, and red color sign positive. Perforating veins connecting to the EVs were identified in six out of nine patients who underwent EVL + DOP. Eight out of nine patients underwent repeat EVL. Repeat EVL was performed until the variceal velocity reached absent. No recurrence of variceal bleeding occurred during the follow‐up period (mean 8.7 ± 3.2 months). No adverse events associated with DOP were observed.ConclusionThe evaluation of EVs using DOP is feasible and accurate. EV velocities are related to the variceal size, form, blue color, and red color sign. EVL + DOP may be a more reliable treatment for EVs. Further large‐scale, long‐term comparative studies are warranted.
Mirror movements after bimanual intensive therapy in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Araneda Rodrigo , Herman Enimie , Delcour Louis , Klöcker Anne , Saussez Geoffroy , Paradis Julie , Ebner‐Karestinos Daniela , Bleyenheuft Yannick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate potential changes in mirror movements after Hand and Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremity (HABIT‐ILE) training in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).MethodThirty‐one children with unilateral CP (mean age 9 years 4 months, SD 4 years 3 months; range 5 years 4 months–17 years 3 months; 14 females, 17 males) were randomized to either a control or treatment group. After allocation, children were assessed three times: before (T1, baseline) and after (T2) a 2‐week interval and again at 3 months after T1 (T3) as follow‐up. Between T1 and T2, the treatment group received 90 hours of HABIT‐ILE training, while the control group continued their customary treatment. Mirror movements were assessed in all children using the Woods and Teuber Scale, as well as the Assisting Hand Assessment, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.ResultsRepeated measures analysis of variance indicated a significant decrease in mirror movements in the more‐affected (mean difference = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51–1.42; p < 0.001) and less‐affected (mean difference = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.37–1.0; p < 0.001) hands of children after HABIT‐ILE; these improvements were maintained at the 3‐month follow‐up. Moreover, the mirror movement changes observed at the second assessment (T2) were inversely correlated with changes in the assessment of activities of daily living, especially in the less‐affected hand.InterpretationHABIT‐ILE decreased the intensity of mirror movements in a group of children with CP. Furthermore, mirror movement changes were associated with bimanual performance and activities of daily living in these children.What this paper adds

The intensity of mirror movements decreased in both hands after 2 weeks of Hand and Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremity (HABIT‐ILE) training.
Mirror movement changes were maintained at the 3‐month follow‐up after HABIT‐ILE.
Mirror movement changes were associated with improvements in bimanual performance and activities of daily living.