bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of diet counseling and physical activity on the components of metabolic syndrome in children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hakim Ashrafalsadat , Bagheri Roya , Ahmadi Angali Kambiz 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a collection of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of dietary and physical activities counseling on components of metabolic syndrome in school-age children with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial on children aged 6–12 years ( n = 60) that was conducted with metabolic syndrome. The participants were divided into three groups, the intervention group (including dietary counseling, physical activity counseling, and diet and physical activity counseling group) and a control group. The data collection method in this study was based on interviews with parents and completing a physical activity and nutrition questionnaire appropriate to the group, measuring blood pressure, blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and anthropometric indicators including height, waist, and weight. The intervention was carried out for 4 months. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21. Results: The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the means of abdominal obesity, hypertension, fasting blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides in the three experimental groups (diet, physical activity, diet, and physical activity) and the control group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, counseling on diet and physical activity program execution is an essential base for controlling components of metabolic syndrome in children.
Bone Mineral Density T-Score is an Independent Predictor of Major Blood Loss in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Harris Andrew B. , Wang Kevin Y. , Mo Kevin , Kebaish Floreana , Raad Michael , Puvanesarajah Varun , Musharbash Farah , Neuman Brian , Khanna Akhil Jay , Kebaish Khaled M. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low bone mineral density (BMD), as assessed by preoperative Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, on intraoperative blood loss following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. Methods Patients who received spinal fusion for ASD (>5 levels fused) at a single academic center from 2010-2018 were included in this study. The lowest preoperative T-score was recorded for patients who had preoperative DEXA scans within a year of surgery. Patients with liver/kidney disease or on prescription anticoagulant medication were excluded. Major blood loss was a binary variable defined as above or below the 90th percentile of our cohort. Binomial regression was performed controlling for age, number of vertebrae fused, 3-column osteotomy, primary vs. revision surgery, preoperative platelet count, and if the patient was taking medication for osteoporosis. Results 91 patients were identified in the cohort. Mean age was 63 ± 11.6 years, 81% female. 56 (62%) of cases included revision of previous instrumentation. Patients had a mean SVA of 9.6 ± 8.6 cm and median of 9 vertebrae fused (range 5-22). The average T-score was -1.2 ± 1.0. Each point lower T-score was associated with significantly higher odds of major blood loss (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.0 – 5.9) when controlling for age, number of vertebrae fused, 3-column osteotomy, preoperative platelet count and primary vs. revision surgery. Conclusions Preoperative T-score is independently associated with increased odds of major blood loss in ASD surgery.
Clinical Outcomes After Suture Tape Augmentation for Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mercer Nathaniel P. , Kanakamedala Ajay C. , Azam Mohammad T. , Hurley Eoghan T. , Samsonov Alan P. , Walls Raymond J. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: May 2022

Background: There is minimal literature on the use of suture tape augmentation in the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI), prompting an investigation on its use and effect during surgery of the lateral ankle. Purpose: To evaluate the evidence for the use of suture tape augmentation in the treatment of CLAI and the outcomes after this procedure. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A literature search was performed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies were included if they evaluated the use of suture tape for CLAI. Outcome measures included the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, return to play, and radiological improvement in anterior talar translation and talar tilt angle. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Results: There were 11 studies (2 with level 2 evidence, 1 with level 3, and 8 with level 4) including 334 patients (334 ankles) that underwent suture-tape augmentation. The mean age was 27.3 years, 67.3% were women, and the mean follow-up was 27.6 months (range, 11.5-38.5 months). The mean weighted postoperative AOFAS score was 95, and 87.7% were able to return to sports. Overall, 9 recurrent instability events (4.1%) were reported. In 3 studies that compared Broström repair and suture tape augmentation, there were no significant differences between the procedures in recurrent instability (mean difference [MD], 0.81 [95% CI, 0.19 to 3.50]; I 2 = 0%; P = .78), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (MD, 1.24 [95% CI, –3.73 to 6.21]; I 2 = 66%; P = .63), talar tilt angle improvement (MD, –0.07 [95% CI, –0.68 to 0.54]; I 2 = 0%; P = .42), or anterior talar translation improvement (MD, –0.06 [95% CI, –0.69 to 0.56]; I 2 = 0%; P = .77). Conclusion: Suture tape augmentation did not significantly improve clinical or radiological outcomes in the setting of modified Broström repair for CLAI. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend suture tape augmentation for all patients at this time.
Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation for a Cartilage Defect of the Humeral Capitellum
Authors: Wagner Kyle R. , Hevesi Mario , Kaiser Joshua T. , Meeker Zachary D. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Cartilage defects of the humeral capitellum most frequently present as osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in young overhead athletes, such as baseball players. Historically, surgical options have included debridement, marrow stimulation, and osteochondral autograft transplantation. Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation comprises an additional treatment option that can structurally restore osteochondral defects and has demonstrated satisfactory outcomes without the donor-site morbidity associated with osteochondral autograft transplantation. Indication: OCA transplantation provides structural restoration of the articular surface and can be used for large (>1 cm diameter) lesions not amenable to refixation. Additionally, OCA transplantation can address both chondral and subchondral pathology and is suited for the treatment of failed previous surgical interventions, such as debridement or marrow stimulation. Technique Description: Following diagnostic arthroscopy, an anconeus splitting mini-open approach was performed to expose the capitellar defect. The defect was measured to be 10 mm, and a central guide pin was placed. A 10-mm reamer was used to prepare the defect bed to a depth of 8 mm. An OCA plug was then cut from a fresh femoral hemicondyle to match the prepared defect. The graft was soaked in bone marrow aspirate concentrate harvested from the iliac crest, and the plug was then inserted into the defect and tamped to be concentric with the surrounding articular cartilage. Results: OCA transplantation of the capitellum allows for the restoration of the articular surface with a structural graft and can be used for large defects and revision cases. While OCA transplantation is well described in the knee with long-term efficacy, the application of this technique to the capitellum is relatively recent. Recent case series for the capitellum have displayed significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures and predictable return to sports. Discussion/Conclusion: OCA transplantation for the humeral capitellum provides an effective treatment option for large, unstable cartilage lesions not amenable to refixation. The procedure allows for restoration of the articular surface and can provide improvements in pain and function as well as return to sport.
Preparation and properties of jute stick particleboard using citric acid–glycerol mixture as a natural binder
Authors: Nitu Ireen Parvin , Rahman Summia , Islam Md. Nazrul , Ashaduzzaman Md. , Shams Md. Iftekhar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe application of citric acid and glycerol as natural binder was investigated for the manufacturing of jute stick particleboard in this study. The effects of citric acid content (0–30 wt%), citric acid and glycerol mixture (ratio of CA–G), and pressing temperatures on the properties of jute stick particleboard were investigated. Citric acid-bonded jute stick particleboard had good mechanical properties and dimensional stability when citric acid concentration was 20 wt% at pressing temperature of 200 °C. By addition of glycerol concentration (40/60), the properties were further increased. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and thickness swelling (TS) values of CA–G (40/60) bonded jute stick particleboard were 19.67 N/mm2 and 9%, respectively, which satisfy the minimum requirement for type-18 of particleboard JIS A 5908 (2003). FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of ester linkage by polymerization reaction between carboxyl groups and alcohol groups. Citric acid and glycerol polymer reacted with jute stick particles and produced cross-linked networks with enhanced properties, hence improved the adhesiveness during particleboard production. It could be concluded that citric acid and glycerol mixture can be a potential natural binder for the production of jute stick particleboard.
BEXCIS: Bayesian methods for estimating the degree of the skewness of X chromosome inactivation
Authors: Yu Wen-Yi , Zhang Yu , Li Meng-Kai , Yang Zi-Ying , Fung Wing Kam , Zhao Pei-Zhen , Zhou Ji-Yuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an epigenetic phenomenon that one of two X chromosomes in females is transcriptionally silenced during early embryonic development. Skewed XCI has been reported to be associated with some X-linked diseases. There have been several methods measuring the degree of the skewness of XCI. However, these methods may still have several limitations.

Results
We propose a Bayesian method to obtain the point estimate and the credible interval of the degree of XCI skewing by incorporating its prior information of being between 0 and 2. We consider a normal prior and a uniform prior for it (respectively denoted by BN and BU). We also propose a penalized point estimate based on the penalized Fieller’s method and derive the corresponding confidence interval. Simulation results demonstrate that the BN and BU methods can solve the problems of extreme point estimates, noninformative intervals, empty sets and discontinuous intervals. The BN method generally outperforms other methods with the lowest mean squared error in the point estimation, and well controls the coverage probability with the smallest median and the least variation of the interval width in the interval estimation. We apply all the methods to the Graves’ disease data and the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data, and find that SNP rs3827440 in the Graves’ disease data may undergo skewed XCI towards the allele C.

Conclusions
We recommend the BN method for measuring the degree of the skewness of XCI in practice. The R package BEXCIS is publicly available at https://github.com/Wen-YiYu/BEXCIS.
The DcPS1 cooperates with OSDLa during pollen development and 2n gamete production in carnation meiosis
Authors: Zhou Xuhong , Li Shuying , Yang Xiaomi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Deciphering the mechanisms of meiosis has important implications for potential applications in plant breeding programmes and species evolution. However, the process of meiosis is poorly understood in carnation, which is famous for its cut flowers.

Results
We report that Dianthus caryophyllus parallel spindle 1 (DcPS1) regulates omission of second division like a (OSDLa) during pollen development and 2n gamete production in carnation meiosis. In DcPS1 and OSDLa RNAi lines, an absence of the second meiotic division and the abnormal orientation of spindles at meiosis II might be the main reason for dyad/triad formation, resulting in unreduced gametes. We also found that carnation OSDLa interacted with DcPS1 and DcRAD51D. In the DcPS1 RNAi lines, a decrease in OSDLa and DcRAD51D expression was observed. In the OSDLa RNAi lines, a decrease in DcPS1 and DcRAD51D expression was also observed. We propose that DcPS1 regulates OSDLa expression, allowing entry into meiosis II and the proper orientation of the metaphase II spindle in meiosis II. We also propose that OSDLa regulates DcRAD51D expression, allowing for homologous recombination.

Conclusions
These results suggest a critical role for DcPS1 and OSDLa in diplogamete production during meiosis and open a new pathway for meiosis-related studies.
Course of uncomplicated acute gastroenteritis in children presenting to out-of-hours primary care
Authors: Weghorst Anouk A. H. , Bonvanie Irma J. , Holtman Gea A. , de Boer Michiel R. , Berger Marjolein Y. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this article is to describe the courses of vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and clinical deterioration, in children with uncomplicated gastroenteritis at presentation. This study was performed as a 7-day prospective follow-up study in an out-of-hours primary care service. The course of vomiting, diarrhea, and fever was analyzed by generalized linear mixed modeling. Because young children (≤ 12 months) and children with severe vomiting are at increased risk of dehydration, the potentially more complicated courses of these groups are described separately. The day(s) most frequently associated with deterioration and the symptoms present in children who deteriorated during follow-up were also described.

Results
In total, 359 children presented with uncomplicated acute gastroenteritis to the out-of-hours primary care service. Of these, 31 (8.6%) developed a complicated illness and needed referral or hospitalization. All symptoms decreased within 5 days in most children (> 90%). Vomiting and fever decreased rapidly, but diarrhea decreased at a somewhat slower pace, especially among children aged 6–12 months. Children who deteriorated during follow-up had a higher frequency of vomiting at presentation and higher frequencies of vomiting and fever during follow-up.

Conclusions
The frequency of vomiting, not its duration, appears to be the more important predictor of deterioration. When advising parents, it is important to explain the typical symptom duration and to focus on alarm symptoms. Clinicians should be vigilant for children with higher vomiting frequencies at presentation and during follow-up because these children are more likely to deteriorate.
Physical and mental health outcomes of an integrated cognitive behavioural and weight management therapy for people with an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and a high body mass index: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hay Phillipa , Palavras Marly Amorim , da Luz Felipe Quinto , dos Anjos Garnes Sérgio , Sainsbury Amanda , Touyz Stephen , Appolinario José Carlos , Claudino Angélica Medeiros 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by recurrent binge eating. They are associated with medical complications, impaired adaptive function and often a high BMI, for which a multidisciplinary treatment approach may be needed. This study explored the efficacy of a novel intervention integrating Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- Enhanced (CBT-E) and weight management for people with recurrent binge eating episodes and high BMI with respect to physical, psychopathological and quality of life outcomes.

Methods
Ninety-eight adults diagnosed with BN, BED, or Other Specified/Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED/UFED) and BMI ≥ 27 to <40 kg/m2 were randomized to a multidisciplinary approach, the Healthy APproach to weIght management and Food in Eating Disorders (HAPIFED) or to CBT-E. Metabolic parameters, health-related quality of life, general psychological and ED symptoms and ED diagnostic status outcomes are reported. Data were analyzed with mixed effects models adopting multiple imputed datasets where data were missing.

Results
Both HAPIFED and CBT-E showed statistical significance for the time effect, with reduction in stress (p < 0.001), improvement in mental health-related quality of life (p = 0.032), reduction in binge eating severity (p < 0.001), and also in global ED symptoms scores (p < 0.001), with the significant changes found at end of treatment and sustained at 12-month follow-up. However, no statistical significance was found for differences between the interventions in any of the outcomes measured. Despite a high BMI, most participants (> 75%) had blood test results for glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol within the normal range, and 52% were within the normal range for the physical component of quality of life at baseline with no change during the trial period.

Conclusion
Integrating weight and ED management resulted in comparable outcomes to ED therapy alone. Although adding weight management to an ED intervention had no adverse effects on psychological outcomes, it also had no beneficial effect on metabolic outcomes. Therefore, more intense weight management strategies may be required where indicated to improve metabolic outcomes. Safety will need to be concurrently investigated.

Trial registration
US National Institutes of Health clinical trial registration number NCT02464345, date of registration 08/06/2015. Changes to the present paper from the published protocol paper (Trials 18:578, 2015) and as reported in the Trial registration (clinicaltrials.gov) are reported in Supplementary File 1.
Metformin exerts an antitumor effect by inhibiting bladder cancer cell migration and growth, and promoting apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Shen Zhiyong , Xue Dong , Wang Kun , Zhang Facai , Shi Jiaqi , Jia Benzhong , Yang Dan , Zhang Qianjin , Zhang Shuai , Jiang Hongyu , Luo Daiqin , Li Xueying , Zhong Quliang , Zhang Junhao , Peng Zheng , Han Yu , Sima Chongyang , He Xiaozhou , Hao Lin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To observe and explore the effect of metformin on the migration and proliferation of bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells in vitro.

Methods
Bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cell lines were cultured in vitro, and were divided into group A (blank control group) and group B (metformin group: 5, 10, 15, and 20 mmol/L); both groups were plated on 6-well plates at the same time. Culture in 24-well plates was used for wound healing assays and in 96-well plates for Transwell migration and invasion, and Cell Counting Kit-8 proliferation experiments. We observed and detected the cell migration and proliferation ability of each group at 48 h, and calculated the cell migration area and survival rate. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis in the groups. The apoptosis-related proteins, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-PARP, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway member proteins PI3K, phosphorylated (p)-PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, mTOR, and p-mTOR were detected using western blotting.

Results
After 48 h of treatment with different concentrations of metformin, the cell migration and proliferation capabilities were significantly lower than those in the blank control group. The proliferation and migration abilities of T24 and 5637 cells decreased in a metformin concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate under different concentrations of metformin, as detected by flow cytometry, showed a significantly higher rate in the metformin group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with that in the control group, the level of cleaved-caspase 3 and cleaved-PARP protein in the metformin group was increased in each treatment group, and the levels of p-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-PI3K decreased significantly compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Metformin inhibited bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cell migration and proliferation, and induced their apoptosis. The mechanism might involve inhibition of the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Effect of GaAlAs 940 nm Photobiomodulation on palatal wound healing after free gingival graft surgery: a split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Morshedzadeh Ghazal , Aslroosta Hoori , Vafaei Mahsa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on wound healing, pain, and discomfort at free gingival graft (FGG) donor sites.

Methods
Sixteen patients in need of bilateral FGG were selected for this randomized, controlled, triple-blinded, and split mouth clinical trial. The FGG donor sites in test group were treated with LLLT GaAlAs 940 nm, 5 J/cm2 immediately after surgery and every other day within the following ten days. The control group received sham irradiation. Remaining Wound Area (RWA), Epithelialization and color match were evaluated on the day of surgery and 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60 days after surgery. A questionnaire was administered to measure pain and bleeding in the first ten days after surgery.

Results
RWA was significantly smaller in the test than control group on the days 7 (p < 0.001) and 14 (p = 0.048) after the surgery. Bleeding was higher in the test group than in the control group on the day of surgery (p = 0.046). Pain and discomfort at the palatal donor site, however, had no significant difference between laser and control group during 11 days after the surgery (p > 0.05), nor did the Color match scores on the 28th and 60th days after the surgery (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
It can be concluded that PBM enhances FGG donor site wound healing one and two weeks after the surgery.
Trial registration
IRCT2017092036203N2, registered 01.11.2017.