bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF SUPERCRITICAL CO2-EXTRACTS OF WILD LEDUM PALUSTRE L. (RHODODENDRON TO-MENTOSUM HARMAJA) AND IDENTIFICATION OF ITS METABOLITES BY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Razgonova Maya Petrovna , Zakharenko Aleksandr Mikhaylovich , Golokhvast Kirill Sergeyevich 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate and identify polyphenolic complexes and other biologically active compounds by tandem mass spectrometry, presented in the leaves and stems of Ledum palustre L. Carbon dioxide, compressed to a supercritical state, was used for the most environmentally friendly extraction of polyphenolic complexes and other biologically active compounds of Ledum palustre L. The most effective extraction characteristics (pressure 350 bar; temperature 60 °С; extraction time 1-hour, co-solvent MeOH 3.5%) supercritical CO2-extraction of L. palustre were obtained empirically. To identify target analytes in supercritical extracts, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used in combination with a BRUKER DALTONIKS ion trap. The results showed the presence of 61 biologically active compounds corresponding to the rhododendron species, of which 32 were identified for the first time in L. palustre. These are flavanols dihydrokaempferol, quercetin arabinoside, myricetin galactoside; flavones: diosmetin, nevadensin, cirsimaritin; flavanone naringenin; anthocyanins delphinidin, petunidin, cyanidin pentoside, delphinidin pentoside, peonidin 3-(6-O-acetyl) glucoside, peonidin-3-O-malonylglucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside; ellagic acid; lignan medioresinol; a type A procyanidin dimer; sterols fucosterol and avenasterol, etc.
RESISTANCE OF TANGENTIAL SWIRLERS WITH ANNULAR CHANNELS
Authors: Voinov Nikolaj Aleksandrovich , Bogatkova Anastasiya Viktorovna , Deryagina Nina Vladimirovna , Zemtsov Denis Andreevich , Kozhukhova Nataliya Yul`evna 
Published: April 2022

A review of vortex apparatuses and processes in which a rotating gas-liquid flow is used as an intensification of heat and mass transfer is presented.
It is shown that tangential swirlers, which are easy to manufacture and compact, have found the greatest application in industrial practice for creating gas (steam) rotation.
It is experimentally established that tangential swirlers with annular walls of channels intended for gas passage have the lowest hydraulic resistance.
The data on the hydraulic resistance of tangential swirlers with annular channels, velocity and pressure obtained experimentally and by calculation in a wide range of variation of the design parameters of the device are presented.
The dependences between the hydraulic resistance of the swirler and its design parameters are revealed.
Numerical simulation of the parameters of the gas flow in the channels is carried out. Diagrams of the pressure and velocity distribution are presented and analyzed, and experimental data on the influence of the design parameters of the swirler channel, such as width and length, on its hydraulic resistance are confirmed.
An empirical dependence for determining the hydraulic resistance coefficient of a tangential swirler with annular channels is presented for engineering calculations.
Posttreatment Gene Scores Support Histologic and Endoscopic Response Thresholds in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Ruffner Melanie A. , Cotton Cary C. , Dellon Evan S. 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The correlation between clinical and molecular treatment response thresholds in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is not well understood.

METHODS:
We evaluated posttreatment EoE diagnostic panel gene expression profiles across histologic and endoscopic thresholds (EREFS) in a prospective adult EoE cohort.

RESULTS:
We observed a strong inverse correlation between posttreatment gene score and eosinophil count (R = −0.66; P < 0.001); biopsies with <15 eos/hpf had higher gene scores (≥425) vs those with ≥15 eos/hpf. Findings for EREFS were similar; EREFS ≤2 was associated with EoE diagnostic panel scores ≥395.

DISCUSSION:
Molecular signatures support the use of posttreatment response thresholds <15 eos/hpf and EREFS ≤2 in clinical practice and trials.
Overweight and Obese Status Is Not Associated With Disease Activity for Children and Adolescents With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jain Animesh , Bricker Josh , Kappelman Michael D. , Dotson Jennifer L. ,   for the ImproveCareNow Pediatric IBD Learning Health System
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Despite the high prevalence of pediatric obesity, its impact on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) activity remains poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate disease-related outcomes in overweight and obese children with CD and UC.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the ImproveCareNow Network, a multicenter registry of children with inflammatory bowel disease. We included children with newly diagnosed CD and UC enrolled in ImproveCareNow Network from September 2006 to December 2018 who had at least 1 follow-up visit 12–18 months after diagnosis. Patients were stratified into normal weight, overweight, or obese categories. Primary outcome was remission at 1 year based on physician's global assessment (PGA); key secondary outcomes included short pediatric CD activity index and pediatric UC activity index.

RESULTS:
There were 4,972 children included (70% CD). Compared with normal weight, obese and overweight children with CD did not have worse disease activity at 1 year based on PGA. However, obese children did have modestly worse disease activity based on short pediatric CD activity index (inactive 43% vs 58%, mild 48% vs 36%, and moderate-severe 9% vs 7% for obese vs normal weight, P < 0.01). For children with UC, there were no differences in disease activity at 1 year based on PGA or pediatric UC activity index. Logistic regression mirrored these findings.

DISCUSSION:
Obese and overweight children with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease do not seem to have worsened disease activity at 1 year after diagnosis compared with normal weight children.
Normative Entwicklungen der christlich-jüdischen Beziehungen in Frankfurt im Spätmittelalter
Authors: Battenberg J. Friedrich 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Social historical research assumes that Jewish living conditions of the imperial city Frankfurt had substantially deteriorated since their ghettoization in 1462. This deterioration announced itself normatively thirty years before against the backdrop of ecclesiastical demand for visible division regarding clothing and housing. It is a fact less known.
This development had started with citizenship no longer being granted by the city council to Jews but they were mere inhabitants (»Beisassen«) protected by »Stättigkeit« which was then valid for all Jews. By which, in its first general version 1424, the old state of rights was still mirrored in order to limit successively from 1439 the rights of Frankfurt’s Jews.
Finally, in the version of 1474, the council abandoned its autonomous municipal statuary law for ruling Jewish matters as far as it was not in accord with »Christian order« and »common law« which is canon law and Roman law, »Ius Commune«. So this meant in fact that the council submitted to the norms of Adversus-Judaeos of Papal church. The continuing imperial »Kammerknechtschaft« (Chamber serfdom) which was to secure the influence of emperor and empire could not keep back this process of detoriation of law.
On a tangent equation by primes
Authors: Dimitrov Stoyan Ivanov 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new diophantine equation with prime numbers.
Let

[
⋅
]

[\,\cdot\,]

be the floor function.
We prove that, when

1
<
c
<

23
21

1<c<\frac{23}{21}

and

θ
>
1

\theta>1

is fixed, then every sufficiently large positive integer 𝑁 can be represented in the form

N
=

[

p
1
c

⁢

tan
θ

⁡

(

log
⁡

p
1

)

]

+

[

p
2
c

⁢

tan
θ

⁡

(

log
⁡

p
2

)

]

+

[

p
3
c

⁢

tan
θ

⁡

(

log
⁡

p
3

)

]

,

N=[p^{c}_{1}\tan^{\theta}(\log p_{1})]+[p^{c}_{2}\tan^{\theta}(\log p_{2})]+[p^{c}_{3}\tan^{\theta}(\log p_{3})],

where

p
1

,

p
2

,

p
3

p_{1},p_{2},p_{3}

are prime numbers.
We also establish an asymptotic formula for the number of such representations.
Haggai as an Old Book
Authors: Rückl Jan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Like other »post-exilic« books, Haggai was traditionally considered to be a »late« text. In agreement with this, several important studies published in recent decades have paid great attention to the ways Haggai works with older literary traditions. However, in the wake of shifts in the dating of many biblical texts, even entire literary traditions, the question arises: if we continue to situate at least a substantial core of Haggai in the early Persian period, which texts or traditions could have been known to the prophet or redactor(s) of the book? The article argues that, within the history of biblical literature, Haggai can be considered a relatively old book, and that it offers a small yet interesting window into several traditional aspects of Judean religion, mostly uninfluenced by the important theological developments of the »exilic« and Persian periods.
Experimental and Statistical Investigation of the Bending and Surface Roughness Properties on Three-Dimensional Printing Parts
Authors: Çelebi Ahu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis research is purposed to analyze the bending strength and surface roughness results of polylactic acid samples produced by fused filament fabrication. Using the experimental design method, the effect of fill density, layer thickness, infill, and raster orientation parameters on the bending and surface roughness performance of samples was investigated. In the study, the individual effects and interactions of the main four factors were analyzed using 2331 mixed-level factorial design approaches. Whereas linear and honeycomb filled were preferred in the experimental design, 30°, 60°, and 90° angles were used as raster orientation and 50 % and 100 % were used as fill density. In addition, 0.15 mm and 0.05 mm were printed as layer thicknesses. Samples were tested using a stylus profilometer (Mitutoyo SJ-301) to determine surface roughness characteristics, and the AUTOGRAPH AG-IS 100 KN was utilized to analyze the bending strength of the parts. In addition, fracture surfaces were analyzed by stereo microscope at various magnifications. The data were analyzed using the Minitab 19 software program. The most effective parameter for bending strength is the layer thickness with 40.02 %. In addition, it has been observed that the fast honeycomb fill pattern has higher strength than the linear fill pattern. Inversely to literature, according to our result, when the layer thickness is reduced, the surface roughness increases, because of the bubble on the surface of the printed sample. The results obtained from this study will provide preliminary information to the users in order to produce the parts that will provide the necessary requirements according to the usage area with minimum time and costs.
A New Method for Characterizing the Fatigue Performance of High-Modulus Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Lv Songtao , Zhao Tianda , Xia Chengdong , Zhao Shungen , Liu TieJun , Liu Yunhua , Liu Biao , Cabrera Milkos Borges 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The current fatigue model of high-modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM) is usually built without considering the effect of loading frequency, which leads to the imprecision in the selection of fatigue parameters for the design of high-modulus asphalt pavement structures. The purposes of this study are to solve the problem of uncertainty in the characterization of fatigue performance of HMAM at various loading frequencies and to optimize the structural resistance design of high-modulus asphalt pavements. In this study, the four-point bending beam was first used to carry out the strength test on the HMAM at ten loading rates. The effects of different loading frequencies (1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 Hz) and stress levels on the four-point bending fatigue life of HMAM were then explored. The test results show that the fatigue curve derived from the nominal stress ratio deviates significantly from the theoretical strength failure point (1,1) for Nf = 1 by extending toward both ends; however, derived from the rate-dependent stress ratio (considering the effect of loading rate), it passes through the point (1,1), which reveals the correlation between the strength failure and the fatigue damage. In addition, a new method for calculating structural strength coefficients is proposed by developing a unified fatigue model for HMAM under different loading frequencies. The results of this study could predict the fatigue life of HMAM at different loading frequencies more precisely.
Response of Characteristics of Subway Vibration Load Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Zhou Xin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Affected by the train vibration load, the frequency characteristics of the subway tunnel frequency spectrum are unstable, resulting in a low accuracy of the analysis results of the subway vibration load response characteristics. Therefore, the analysis method of the subway vibration load response characteristics based on the finite element method is designed. The acceleration index is used to evaluate the impact of vibration on the environment. According to the evaluation results, the soil constitutive model is constructed, the basic characteristics of the dynamic stress-strain relationship of the soil are analyzed, and the influencing factors of the vibration load calculation are determined. The three-dimensional finite element model of subway tunnel is established by using the finite element analysis software, and the linear time history analysis of the model is carried out by using the direct integration method. The time step is obtained to ensure the accuracy of the calculation results, so as to realize the accurate analysis of the response characteristics of subway vibration load. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the design method is high, and the frequency spectrum obtained by the analysis is basically the same as the actual frequency spectrum, which shows that the method has practical application significance.
Preimplantation chromosomal mosaics, chimaeras and confined placental mosaicism
Authors: West John D , Everett Clare A 
Published: April 2022

Some human preimplantation embryos are chromosomally mosaic. For technical reasons, estimates of the overall frequency vary widely from <15 to >90% and the true frequency remains unknown. Aneuploid/diploid and aneuploid/aneuploid mosaics typically arise during early cleavage stages before the embryonic genome is fully activated and when cell cycle checkpoints are not operating normally. Other mosaics include chaotic aneuploid mosaics and mixoploids, some of which arise by abnormal chromosome segregation at the first cleavage division. Chimaeras are similar to mosaics, in having two genetically distinct cell populations, but they arise from more than one zygote and occur less often. After implantation, the frequency of mosaic embryos declines to about 2% and most are trisomic/diploid mosaics, with trisomic cells confined to the placenta. Thus, few babies are born with chromosomal mosaicism. This review discusses the origin of different types of chromosomal mosaics and chimaeras; their fate and the relationship between preimplantation chromosomal mosaicism and confined placental mosaicism in human conceptuses and animal models. Abnormal cells in mosaic embryos may be depleted by cell death, other types of cell selection or cell correction but the most severely affected mosaic embryos probably die. Trisomic cells could become restricted to placental lineages if cell selection or correction is less effective in placental lineages and/or they are preferentially allocated to a placental lineage. However, the relationship between preimplantation mosaicism and confined placental mosaicism may be complex because the specific chromosome(s) involved will influence whether chromosomally abnormal cells survive predominately in the placental trophoblast and/or placental mesenchyme.

Lay summary
Human cells normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes, which carry the genes. During the first few days of development, some human embryos are chromosomal mosaics. These mosaic embryos have both normal cells and cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes, which arise from the same fertilised egg. (More rarely, the different cell populations arise from more than one fertilised egg and these embryos are called chimaeras.) If chromosomally abnormal cells survive to term, they could cause birth defects. However, few abnormal cells survive and those that do are usually confined to the placenta, where they are less likely to cause harm. It is not yet understood how this restriction occurs but the type of chromosomal abnormality influences which placental tissues are affected. This review discusses the origin of different types of chromosomally abnormal cells, their fate and how they might become confined to the placenta in humans and animal models.
NT-proBNP Cut-off Values for Risk Stratification in Acute MI and Comparison with Other Risk Assessment Scores
Authors: Tan Shirley Siang Ning , Koh Keng Tat , Fong Alan Yean Yip , Bujang Mohammad Adam bin , Tiong Lee Len , Cham Yee Ling , Ho Kian Hui , Tan Chen Ting , Khaw Chee Sin , Mohd Amin Nor Hanim , Oon Yen Yee , Said Asri , Lau Kent Ter , Yong Kar Ying , Pang Daniel Cheng Lee , Bhavnani Chandan Deepak , Wong Ing Tien , Shu Francis Eng Pbeng , Ong Tiong Kiam 
Published: April 2022

Background: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) provides prognostic information regarding the risk of death, acute heart failure and the development of AF in patients with acute coronary syndrome. While there are established cut-off values for the association between clinical risk assessment scores and in-hospital mortality, there is no clear cut-off value for NT-proBNP to guide risk stratification in patients with acute MI (AMI). Our study sought to evaluate the cut-off values of NT-proBNP in all-cause mortality post AMI and to compare with other available risk assessment scores. Methods: We conducted a multi-centre, prospective, observational study involving 411 patients admitted for AMI. Plasma NT-proBNP was assessed within 24 hours of admission. Results: One-year all-cause mortality occurred in 31 (7.6%) of 411 patients. NT-proBNP ≥404 pg/ml had an area under the curve of 0.66 (95% CI [0.54–0.77]; p=0.004) to predict all-cause mortality at 1 year (sensitivity: 80.6%; specificity: 36.9%; positive predictive value: 9.47%; negative predictive value: 95.89%). Using the Youden index, an NT-proBNP level ≥1,995 pg/ml was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality at 1 year (adjusted HR 2.6; 95% CI [1.3–5.5]; p=0.010), regardless of cardiovascular disease risk factors or revascularisation status. There were no significant differences among the predictive values of NT-proBNP, Thrombolysis in MI risk score, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score and left ventricular ejection fraction in predicting all-cause mortality at 1 year (p>0.05). Conclusion: NT-proBNP level ≥1,995 pg/ml measured within 24 hours of admission for AMI was associated with higher all-cause mortality at 1 year. Randomised controlled trials are needed to further validate the usefulness of NT-proBNP for risk stratification in patients with AMI.
Hematocolpos on late-onset hymenal imperforation: A case report
Authors: Diarra Daouda , Salihou Abdoulfatihi , Traore Boubacar , Laoudihi Dalale , Chbani Kamilia , Salam Siham , Ouzidane Lahcen EL 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We report the case of a patient with hematocolpos on hymenal imperforation, revealed following cyclic pelvic pain with primary amenorrhea associated with pelvic heaviness for one year. MRI showed significant distension of the vagina forming a pseudo mass, well limited, in T1 high signal, in moderate T2 high signal, with the presence of declining deposits in hyposignal related to hemosiderin. A hymenotomy was performed under general anaesthesia, the postoperative course was favourable. This case illustrates the particularity of suspecting a hematocolpos in the presence of a pelvic mass in a young girl with amenorrhea.
EU aid for trade as contested trade policy intervention: The case of the EU-MUTRAP project in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Trinh Thanh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper explains the EU's Aid for Trade (AfT) and trade relations with Vietnam, and examines how EU AfT influences Vietnam's trade policy reform. It provides an analysis of EU AfT as a contested trade policy intervention by using the results of the EU-MUTRAP project in Vietnam. The finding is that EU AfT can interfere as an “external impacts” on Vietnam's trade policy reform. Based on the priorities of EU trade policies towards Vietnam, the EU uses AfT projects to support and change the Vietnamese trade environment. The paper partially proves the contribution of the EU-MUTRAP on the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement negotiations and implementation.
COASTAL VULNERABILITY MAPPING OF KALIANDA COAST, SOUTH LAMPUNG, USING COASTAL VULNERABILITY INDEX (CVI) METHOD
Authors: Pamungkas Rifky Jati , Diansyah Gusti , Ulqodry Teungku Zia 
Published: April 2022

The coastal region is a strategic area that has enormous potential. Kalianda is one of the coastal areas in South Lampung which has great potential with the main activities are fisheries and marine tourism, but it is also vulnerable to physical effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the vulnerability of physical parameters and to analyze the level of Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) in Kalianda, South Lampung. The results showed that the vulnerability level of the Kalianda Coast based on the rate of shoreline change and geomorphological parameters were at a very high level of vulnerability. Whereas based on the parameters of the mean significant wave height, the average tidal tides and beach slope, the Kalianda Coast was at a low level of vulnerability. Overall, the results of the analysis indicated that CVI value ranged from 3.10 to 9.94, which categorized as low and medium vulnerability levels. Distribution of Kalianda coastal vulnerability level along 3.30 km (11.29%) was at low vulnerability level and along 25.98 km (88.71%) was categorized as medium vulnerability level.
ANALISIS TEKNIS DAN FINANSIAL USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP PAYANG DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN PASIR BARU KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Sarianto Deni , . Harisjon , . Yernawilis 
Published: April 2022

Padang Pariaman Regency is one of the districts on the west coast of Sumatra Island. Padang Pariaman Regency has 3 units of Fish Landing Bases (PPI), one of which is in Sungai Limau sub-district, namely PPI Pasir Baru. The existence of PPI is one of the supporting facilities in the capture fisheries sector. This study aims to determine the technical aspects of the payang fishing gear and economic aspects including capital, business costs and to analyze the level of business feasibility from a financial perspective by calculating the value of PP, NPV, IRR and BC. The method used in this research is descriptive method of case studies and descriptive surveys. The sampling method was purposive sampling with quota sampling. The number of samples is 9 Payang businesses. The data analysis method used is technical and financial analysis. The results of the research based on financial analysis concluded that the business of catching payang at PPI Pasir Baru was feasible to be operated with an NPV value of Rp. 238,176,861, -. (NPV = positive); IRR of 54% (IRR> i); PP for 4 years 22 days: and the payang B / C ratio of 1.176 (> 1).