bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Portable Obstetric Ultrasound Service Innovation in Averting Maternal and Neonatal Morbidities and Mortalities at Semi-Urban Health Centers of Ethiopia: A Retrospective Facility-Based Study
Authors: Abawollo Hailemariam Segni , Tsegaye Zergu Tafesse , Desta Binyam Fekadu , Beshir Ismael Ali , Mengesha Birhan Tenaw , Guteta Asfaw Adugna , Heyi Atrie Fekadu , Mamo Tsega Teferi , Gebremedhin Zenawork Kassa , Damte Heran Demissie , Zelealem Meseret , Argaw Mesele Damte 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The maternal and neonatal mortalities in Ethiopia are high. The Ministry of health and partners are committed to reducing these outcomes. To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, innovations in ultrasound scanning and surveillance activities have been implemented for over two years. This study aims to estimate the contribution of obstetric ultrasound services on averted maternal and neonatal morbidities and mortalities in Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in 25 selected health centers, in three regional states of Ethiopia. Data were extracted from prenatal ultrasound registers. SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. To claim statistically significant relationship among sartorial variables, a chi-square test was analyzed and P < 0.05 was the cut-off point.
Results
A total of 12,975 pregnant women were scanned over the two-year period. Half (52.8%) of the scanned women were residing in rural areas. The abnormal ultrasound report rate was 12.7% and almost all (98.4%) of cases were referred for confirmation of diagnosis and then treatment. The introduction of obstetric ultrasound services at health centers has contributed to the prevention of 1,970 maternal morbidities and mortalities per 100,000 live births and 19.05 neonatal morbidities and mortalities per 1,000 live births during the two-year period. The maternal and neonatal morbidities and mortalities averted showed a statistically significant difference among women residing in rural and semi-urban areas, X2, df (10) = 24.07, P = 0. 007 and X2, df (5) = 20.87. P = 0.00, 1 respectively.
Conclusion
After availing the appropriate ultrasound machines with essential supplies and capacitating mid-level healthcare providers on operating the machine, significant number of high-risk pregnant women were identified on time and managed or referred to health facilities with safe delivery services. Therefore, scaling-up limited obstetric ultrasound services in similar setups will contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Finally, it is recommended community awareness be enhanced and pregnant women ultrasound service utilization be increased before the 24th week of gestational age.
Application of an arched, Ni-Ti shape-memory connector in repairing distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament injury
Authors: xu shuogui , zhao jinbo , zhang yuntong , xia yan , wang xuhui , xie yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of internal fixation of a Ni-Ti arched shape-memory connector in the treatment of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament injury.MethodsFrom January 2013 to January 2016, 108 cases of ankle fracture with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament injury in our hospital were selected, and all of them were fixed with Ni-Ti Arched shape-memory connector or screw fixation. The functional evaluation and efficacy evaluation were performed according to the Olerud Molander Ankle Score (Omas) and SF-36. At the same time, follow-ups recorded the incidence of postoperative complications: osteoarthritis, superficial infection, symptomatic hard and soft tissue irritation, early removal and poor reduction of internal fixation, and later loss of reduction.ResultsIn the ASC group, the incidence of symptomatic hardware, soft tissue or superficial infection decreased to 2.77%. The early removal rate of internal fixation was also lower than that of the screw group. Compared to 2.77%, the incidence of osteoarthritis in the later follow-up was also as low as 1.38%. Loss of fracture reduction due to removal of the fixation device for the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis ligament was not observed in the ASC group. With two postoperative scoring systems (OMAS and SF-36), patients in the ASC group were also given higher scores.ConclusionThe design of the arched, Ni-Ti d shape-memory connector can be adapted to the irregular anatomical structure of the malleolus and the ability to continue to contract through a thermostat. The use of ASCs in fixation of articular ligaments can preserve a slight range of motion, and the results suggest that ASCs can effectively reduce the incidence of fixation looseness, fracture, infection and other complications.
Improving operations by introducing clinical indicators in Japanese public hospitals: An analysis based on a nationwide questionnaire survey concerning use of clinical indicators and medical information management
Authors: Moteki Yasutoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As the coronavirus pandemic continues to rage across the world, there is a greater need to improve the role and operation of public hospitals, which play an important role in the fight against the virus. A mail-in questionnaire survey of Japanese public hospitals was conducted to analyze the personal data protection challenges faced by medical institutions managed by local municipalities. Questionnaires were sent to 887 hospitals—with 20 or more beds—that are members of the Japan Municipal Hospital Association. This study summarizes and analyzes the unpublished portion of the 2016 survey conducted by Hashimoto and Moteki (2018), focusing on the characteristics of the municipal hospitals surveyed by their size and use of clinical indicators. Differences between large and small/medium hospitals regarding use of clinical indicators were found. Several small and medium-sized hospitals use a common consent form for the use of personal information, whereas larger hospitals use individual consent forms for different departments. The most used indicator was “average length of hospitalization and rate of hospital bed utilization” followed by “clinical path coverage rate” and “number of ambulances received and refused (rate).” There is a clear distinction in the clinical indicators measured in this study.
Pregnancy After Pituitary Surgery Does Not Influence the Recurrence of Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Lousada Lia Mesquita , Tapia Mariuxi Jacqueline Borja , Cescato Valter Angelo Sperling , Silva Gilberto Ochman da , Musolino Nina Rosa Castro , Fragoso Maria Candida Barisson Villares , Bronstein Marcello Delano , Machado Marcio Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pregnancy is associated with the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, which can cause a misdiagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of pregnancy after pituitary surgery on the recurrence rate in Cushing’s disease (CD) patients. Methods: This was a retrospective study in a tertiary center. Between 1990 and 2020, 355 CD patients underwent pituitary surgery. Of those included, 113 female patients who were ≤ 45 years old (median age of 32 years, 14-45), PS remission, a follow up of ≥ 6 months (median of 122 months, 6–402) and an available obstetric history. Recurrence was defined as the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome via at least two altered first-line methods. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to pregnancy: no pregnancy or pregnancy prior to CD diagnosis (NP/PP) and pregnancy after CD pituitary surgery (PA).Results: Overall, recurrence occurred in 43 out of 113 patients (38%). A higher recurrence rate was seen in the PA subgroup (11/22, 50%), but there was no significant difference between the NP/PP subgroup (32/91, 35%). No difference in survival-free recurrence (SFR) was found between NP/PP and PA subgroups. The lower SFR was related to a higher PS plasma ACTH and normal pituitary at pathological analyses. Conclusions: There was no difference in the recurrence rate in patients according to pregnancy history. Other studies with higher numbers of patients are needed to confirm these data.
Enhancing acetate selectivity by coupling anodic oxidation in carbon monoxide electroreduction
Authors: Overa Sean , Crandall Bradie , Shrimant Bharat , Tian Ding , Ko Byung Hee , Shin Haeun , Bae Chulsung , Jiao Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Electrocatalytic conversion of carbon monoxide (CO) is being actively developed as a key component for tandem CO2 electrolysis. Significant effort has been devoted to engineering CO reduction electrocatalysts for better multi-carbon product selectivity. However, less attention has been paid to other performance parameters, such as liquid product concentration and purity, which are crucial for commercializing CO electrolysis. Here, we present an “internally coupled purification” strategy to substantially improve the acetate concentration and purity in CO electrolysis. This improvement was achieved by incorporating both an anode electrocatalyst with high ethanol partial oxidation activity as well as an anion-exchange membrane with high ethanol permeability and good alkaline stability. We have successfully demonstrated stable 120-hour continuous operation of the CO electrolyzer at a fixed current density of 200 mA cm− 2 and a full cell potential of < 2.3 V, producing an acetate product stream with a concentration of 1.9 M and a purity of 97.7%. By tuning the reaction conditions, we also showed that the concentration of the acetate production stream can be further increased to 7.6 M while maintaining a purity of > 99%. Additional mechanistic investigation revealed the roles of anode electrocatalysts and anion-exchange membranes in enhancing the acetate selectivity in CO electrolyzers. Finally, a techno-economic analysis shows that a highly concentrated liquid product stream is essential to reduce the energy consumption associated with the product separation.
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Due to MRSA vs MSSA: What Should Guide Empiric Therapy?
Authors: Colaneri Marta , Carlo Domenico Di , Amatu Alessandro , Marvulli Lea Nadia , Corbella Marta , Petazzoni Greta , Cambieri Patrizia , Muzzi Alba , Bandi Claudio , Matteo Angela Di , Sacchi Paolo , Mojoli Francesco , Bruno Raffaele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The guidelines on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) recommend an empiric therapy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) according to its the prevalence rate. Considering the MRSA and MSSA VAP prevalence over the last 9 years in our tertiary care Hospital, we firstly compared patients with MRSA VAP to those with MSSA VAP in terms of length of stay (LOS) in intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality and secondly, we assessed the clinical value of the MRSA nasal-swab screening in either predicting or ruling out MRSA VAP. We extracted the data of 1461 patients with positive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Regarding the MRSA nasal-swab screening, 170 patients were positive for MRSA or MSSA. Overall, MRSA had a high prevalence in our ICU. Despite the COVID pandemic, there was a significant downward trend in MRSA prevalence, while MSSA remained steady over time. Having VAP due to MRSA did not have any impact on LOS and mortality. Finally, the MRSA nasal-swab testing demonstrated a very high negative predictive value for MRSA VAP. Our results suggested the potential value of a patient-centered approach to improve antibiotic stewardship.
Fe3+ modified zinc oxide nanomaterial as an efficient, multifaceted material for photocatalytic degradation of MB dye and ethanol gas sensor
Authors: Waghchaure Ravindra Haribhau , Adole Vishnu Ashok , Jagdale Bapu Sonu , Koli Prashant Bhimrao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the present investigation, we report the preparation of 5% Fe/ZnO nanocatalyst for organic transformations, gas sensing, and organic pollutant elimination applications via the CPT method. A broad range of analytical techniques was applied to attribute the successful modification of the nanocatalyst and to evaluate the structural and morphological properties, surface area, and chemical compositions by the x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high resolution-transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The organic transformations of dihydropyrimidinones, gas sensing performance to ethanol and the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) as organic pollutant were studied thoroughly. Compared with undoped ZnO and other nanocatalyst the 5 moles % Fe doped ZnO significantly shows the enhanced catalytic performance in the synthesis process of dihydropyrimidinones at high yield 98% and catalyst dose 10 mol% with ethanol as solvent. Due to enhanced gas sensing performance comparatively at low temperature to ethanol, it is known for ideal sensor, which has high selectivity, rapid response-recovery time, and high stability. It also shows the enhanced photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue dye in the aqueous heterogeneous suspension. The efficiency of the semiconductor photocatalyst is found higher at the small amount of catalyst dose (0.8 g/L) and at the contact time of 100 min and pH 8.0 as operating parameters. Further, the organic transformation mechanism, enhanced gas sensing and, photodegradation mechanism were explained as the synergic effect of the ZnO and Fe doping. The result reveals that 5% Fe doped ZnO nanocatalyst are promising approaches to aim the goal of achieving a superior heterogeneous catalyst for elimination of organic pollutant (MB) at optimum conditions and gas sensing performance for detection of ethanol.
Host-induced silencing of CpCHI gene occasioned developmental abnormalities and mortality in Maize stem borer (Chilo partellus)
Authors: ADEYINKA Olawale Samuel , Nasir Idrees Ahmad , Tabassum Bushra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The RNAi-based insecticide for crop protection has witnessed a rapid improvement over the years. However, its potential to efficiently control maize stem borer (Chilo partellus) pest has remained unexplored. In this study, double-stranded C. partellus chitinases (dsCHI ) toxicity was investigated on C. partellus larvae fed on an artificial diet coated with bacterially-expressed dsCHI and purified dsCHI. Furthermore, we developed transgenic Maize lines expressing dsRNA targeted against C. partellus chitinases transcripts and performed a detached leaf insect feeding bioassays. Our results revealed that the chitinase transcripts expression was significantly downregulated by 55% and 51% in the larvae fed on purified dsCHI at 5- and 15-days. Post-exposure to bacterially-expressed dsCHI resulted in 57% and 82% reduction in chitinase mRNA transcripts after 5- and 15-days. The larvae exhibited various phenotypic distortion levels across the developmental stages, and 53% mortality occurred in transgenic fed larvae compared to those fed on non-transgenic leaves. In conclusion, we have identified C. partellus chitinase gene as a potential target for RNAi mediated control and demonstrated that oral delivery via bacteria and plant-mediated delivery are viable means of achieving C. partellus RNAi mediated control.
OSR2Vec: an Ontology Semantic Representation Method Based Pre-training Natural Language Model
Authors: Liu Yun , Sun Huiting , Wang Junjie , Hu Jie , Feng Wei , Cao Xinyi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Ontology, as a formal description and organization for domain-specific knowledge, is served as a significant approach of information retrieval and biological discovery in biomedical research, attracting more and more attention in computational biomedical and bioinformatics. It is quantified entities using semantic similarity based on ontology terms when using ontologies for description or annotation. More recently, machine learning approaches have enabled ontologies to describe concepts in ”computable” semantics. However, ontology semantics representation is not yet well-explored by existing learning-based methods. Results: We propose OSR2Vec, an ontology semantic representation approach that includes transforming structured ontology information into natural language and applying a pre-trained natural language model to vectorize semantics. OSR2Vec converts directly linked ontology words into sentence sequences, which are then embedded to semantics representation using the ouBioBERT model and the TSDAE method. We evaluate our method on a protein semantic similarities task using the kgsim dataset. We demonstrate the advantages of OSR2Vec by constructing sentence sequence to attain more specific semantics and confirm that performance on the protein semantic similarities task is favorable when using a combination of ouBioBERT and TSDAE according to our method. Conclusions: OSR2Vec is a method to represent ontology semantics using pre-training natural language model embedding sentences. With increasing the quality of representation, OSR2Vec provides an effective method in the ontology-based semantic task.
Trend And Associated Factors Of Cesarean Section Rate In Ethiopia: Evidence From 2000-2019 Demographic And Health Survey
Authors: Abebe Rahel mezemir , Olayemi Oladapo O. , Bacha Yadeta Dessie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The world health organization (WHO) considers cesarean section (CS) prevalence of less than 5% suggests an unmet need. On the other hand, a prevalence of more than 15% may pose to risk to mother-and-child; however, Ethiopia was much lower than the aforementioned level. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the trend of CS, and factors that influence itMethods: Secondary analysis of the 2000-2019 Ethiopia demographic and health survey (EDHS) was used. The trend over 1995-2019 was assessed for the rural and urban areas using the Extended Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test; whereas, factors for CS were identified based on DHS 2016 data. A multi-level logistic regression analysis technique was used to identify the factors associated with CS. The analysis was adjusted for the different individual- and community-level factors affecting cesarean section delivery. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 14.1 software.Result: CS rate increased significantly from 5.1 % in 1995 to 16 % 2019 in urban area and 0.001 in 1995 to 3 % 2019 in rural area. The overall increment of CS rate was 0.7 % in 1995 to 6% in 2019. The odds of CS rate was higher among women of age 25-34 years (AOR=2.79; 95% CI: 1.92, 4.07) and women of age 34-49 years (AOR=5.23;95% CI: 2.85,9.59), women of secondary education (AOR=2.01; 95 % CI: 1.17, 3.56) and higher education (AOR=4.12; 95% CI: 2.33-7.29), multiple pregnancies (AOR=11.12; 95% CI: 5.37, 23. ), obese women (AOR=1.73; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.45), urban residence (AOR=2.28; /95% CI: 1.35-3.88), and women of antenatal care visit (ANC) >4 (AOR=3.34; 95% CI: 1.12, 4.58). Whereas, the odds of cesarean section lower among parity of 2-4 children (AOR=0.54; 95% CI: 0 .37, 0.80). Conclusion: In Ethiopia, the CS rate is below the level recommended by WHO, especially in rural residence, thus, intervention efforts need to be prioritized for women living in a rural area, empowering women's education, encouraging co-services such as ANC usage.
Use of CPP plastics to reduce the production costs in plant tissue culture technique
Authors: Aliabad Kazem Kamali , Zamani Elahe , Vaghar Aliakbar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plant tissue culture is one of the methods of plant propagation. Production costs in this method are relatively high. These costs include items such as the cost of culture vessels. This research aimed to investigate the replacement of new containers made of Cast Polypropylene (CPP) plastics instead of glass. For this study Petunia plant was selected as a model plant. In the first, all plants were disinfected. Then they were cultured in MS medium containing different amounts of 0, 0.5, 0.8, and 1 mg / l BAP which were made in different cultures of jam glasses, Test tubes, and CPP plastics containers. After establishment and proliferation stages, plants were transferred to a rooting medium supplemented by different concentrations of IBA and after 30 days, growth different factors were measured. The highest number and length of shoots and the highest number of leaves were obtained in 0.8 mg/l BAP culture medium in CPP plastic containers and the lowest amount was in a test tube culture media. The effect of regulator amount and container type in the rooting stage was not significant.
Phosphorus Recovery by Chemical Extraction from Different Types of Air Pollution Control Ashes of Sludge Incinerators
Authors: Karabacak Ezgi , SALIHOGLU Guray , Salihoglu Nezih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Limited amounts of phosphorous in the lithosphere draw researchers' attention to finding alternative phosphorous sources. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of sewage sludge incineration ashes of Bursa city in Turkey as a phosphorous source. The flue gases generated from the incineration plant are trapped by baghouse dust filter (BF-Ash) and multi-cyclone units (MC-Ash). The P2O5 contents of BF-Ash and MC-Ash were found as 17.36% and 11.49%, respectively. Chemical extraction methods by using oxalic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid were applied to investigate phosphorus recovery possibilities om BF-Ash and MC-Ash. Crystalline and amorphous phases, chemical compositions, particle sizes, and morphological structures of BF-Ash and MC-Ash were examined. Heavy metal leaching and morphological structures of the extraction residues were investigated. RESULTS: The phosphorus recovery potential of BF-Ash was found to be higher than that of MC-Ash, with extracted levels ranging between 0.01 and 91.42 mg/g for BF-Ash and 0.01 and 59.82 mg/g for MC-Ash. The highest phosphorus level was obtained when BF-Ash was treated with 1 mol/L of oxalic acid. Several heavy metals such as Zn, Ni, As, and Cr resulted in higher leaching levels than the regulation limits when chemical extraction was applied. CONCLUSION: Considering the high phosphate levels in the ashes and their solutions after acid leaching, that both ashes were found to be promising as phosphorus resources.