bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Profile Reveals That Ceramide Metabolic Disturbance Plays an Important Role in Thoracic Aortic Dissection
Authors: Yang Hang , Yang Fangfang , Luo Mingyao , Chen Qianlong , Liu Xuanyu , Zhang Yinhui , Zhu Guoyan , Chen Wen , Li Tianjiao , Shu Chang , Zhou Zhou 
Published: February 2022

AimsThoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening disease with no effective drug therapy thus far. New therapeutic targets and indications for timely surgical intervention are urgently needed. Our aim is to investigate new pathological mechanisms and potential biomarkers of TAD through global metabolomic profiling of aortic aneurysm and dissection patients.Methods and ResultsWe performed untargeted metabolomics to determine plasma metabolite concentrations in an aortic disease cohort, including 70 thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and 70 TAD patients, as well as 70 healthy controls. Comparative analysis revealed that sphingolipid, especially its core metabolite C18-ceramide, was significantly distinguished in TAD patients but not in TAA patients, which was confirmed by subsequent quantitative analysis of C18-ceramide in a validation cohort. By analyzing our existing multiomics data in aortic tissue in a murine TAD model and TAD patients, we found that an enhanced ceramide de novo synthesis pathway in macrophages might contribute to the elevated ceramide. Inhibition of the ceramide de novo synthesis pathway by myriocin markedly alleviated BAPN-induced aortic inflammation and dissection in mice. In vitro studies demonstrated that exogenous C18-ceramide promoted macrophage inflammation and matrix metalloprotein (MMP) expression through the NLRP3-caspase 1 pathway. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous ceramide synthesis by myriocin attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage inflammation.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that ceramide metabolism disturbance might play a vital role in TAD development by aggravating aortic inflammation through the NLRP3 pathway, possibly providing a new target for pharmacological therapy and a potential biomarker of TAD.
Clinical Characteristics-Assisted Risk Stratification for Extent of Thyroidectomy in Patients With 1–4 cm Solitary Intrathyroidal Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Dong Fang , Zhou Lin , Wang Shuntao , Mao Jinqian , Liu Chunping , Shi Wei 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommend that lobectomy is suitable for solitary intrathyroidal DTC (SI-DTC) of 1–4 cm. However, some SI-DTC patients with other high-risk characteristics still have poor prognosis and require more aggressive surgical methods. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics that are important for the identification and treatment of high-risk patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm.MethodsThe study cohort was obtained from the SEER database, consisting of data between 2004 and 2013. The outcome measures were thyroid carcinoma-specific mortality (CSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM). Patient survival curves were examined using Kaplan–Meier analyses with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Hazard ratios (HRs) were used to show the magnitude of the effect of disease stage on DTC-specific patient mortality.ResultsThe study included 55,947 patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm and 4,765 patients with DTC &gt;4 cm. Tumor size, surgical approach, age, sex, race, and radiation exposure were independent risk factors for CSM and ACM. SI-DTC patients with female, age ≤45, and 1 cm&lt; tumor size ≤2 cm were at low risk of CSM [HR = 0.014 (0.002–0.115)] and ACM [HR = 0.115 (0.077–0.171)] when stratified by age, sex, and tumor size. Compared to T3 patients, CSM was not significantly different in male patients, age &gt;45, 2 cm&lt; tumor size ≤3 cm [HR = 0.839 (0.414–1.700)] and male patients, age &gt;45, 1 cm&lt; tumor size ≤2 cm [HR = 0.751 (0.410–1.377)]. Furthermore, compared to T3 patients without extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and lymph node metastasis (LNM), more subgroups of SI-DTC of 1–4 cm had a similar prognosis. In addition, patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm showed similar rates of CSM and ACM to T3 patients without ETE, LNM, and distant metastasis (DM). Similar results were obtained when we set the age cut-off value as 55 years, according to the 8th edition of AJCC TNM system.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that sex, age, and tumor size clearly differentiate SI-DTC of 1–4 cm into low-and high-risk categories. Survival rates were significantly lower in subgroups containing old males with larger tumors compared to younger females with small tumors. Total thyroidectomy may be favored in these high-risk subgroup patients.
Gut Mucosal Microbiome Signatures of Colorectal Cancer Differ According to BMI Status
Authors: Shaw Sophie , Berry Susan , Thomson John , Murray Graeme I. , El-Omar Emad , Hold Georgina L. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCarrying excess body weight is a strong risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) development with ~11% of CRC cases in Europe linked to being overweight. The mechanisms through which excess body weight influences CRC development are not well understood but studies suggest the involvement of the presence of chronic low-grade inflammation and changes in the gut microbiota are involved.AimTo compare the mucosal associated microbiota of patients with CRC to understand whether carrying excess body weight was associated with a unique CRC microbial signature.MethodsMicrobiota signatures from colonic mucosal biopsies of CRC lesions and adjacent normal mucosal samples from 20 patients with overt CRC were compared with 11 healthy controls to see if having a BMI of &gt;25 kg/m2 influenced colonic microbial composition.ResultsColonic mucosa samples from patients with CRC confirmed previously reported over-abundance of Fusobacteria associated with CRC but also an increase in Fusobacteria and Prevotella were associated with a BMI of &gt;25 kg/m2. Correlation analysis of bacterial taxa indicated co-exclusive relationships were more common in CRC patients with a BMI &gt;25 kg/m2 with an increase in transphylum relationships also seen in this patient group.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that gut microbiota composition in patients with CRC is influenced by BMI status. Further understanding/defining these differences will provide valuable information in terms of developing novel pre-onset screening and providing post-manifestation therapeutic intervention.
Prevalence and Impact of Rheumatologic Pain in Cystic Fibrosis Adult Patients
Authors: Schmoll Axelle , Launois Claire , Perotin Jeanne-Marie , Ravoninjatovo Bruno , Griffon Muriel , Carré Sophie , Mulette Pauline , Ancel Julien , Hagenburg Jean , Lebargy François , Deslée Gaëtan , Salmon Jean-Hugues , Dury Sandra 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundWith the improvement of cystic fibrosis (CF) patient survival, the prevalence of long-term complications increased, among them rheumatologic disorders.MethodsThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of spinal and joint pain, and their impact on disability, anxiety, depression, and quality of life in CF adult patients.ResultsForty-seven patients were analyzed, 72% of men, mean aged 28 years, with a mean body mass index of 22 kg/m2 and a mean FEV1% of 63%. Twenty-two patients (47%) described rheumatologic pain either spinal (n = 15, 32%) and/or joint pain (n = 14, 30%). Patients with spinal and/or joint pain were shorter (p = 0.023), more frequently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus (p &lt; 0.008), had more frequent ΔF508 homozygous mutations (p = 0.014), and a trend for more impairment of the 6-min walking distance (p = 0.050). The presence of rheumatologic pain tended to be associated with disability according to the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and anxiety. Compared with patients with no pain patients with both spinal and joint pain exhibited a more pronounced impact on the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).ConclusionRheumatologic pain is frequent in CF adult patients, and may affect daily living, anxiety and quality of life. Systematic assessment of rheumatologic pain should be included in the management of CF patients.
Decreased Expression of circ_0000160 in Breast Cancer With Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Wang Ya-Wen , Chen Xu , Tian Yaru , Liu Long , Su Peng 
Published: February 2022

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in the development and progression of human cancers. Emerging evidence shows that circRNAs have the potential to be promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the roles of circRNAs in breast cancer axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) remain to be determined.Methods: Transcriptome sequencing was utilized to screen the differentially expressed circRNAs in three breast cancer tissues with ALNM and three without ALNM. Differentially expressed circRNAs were further verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to calculate the value of circRNAs to distinguish breast cancer tissues with ALNM and those without ALNM. To explore the potential mechanism of the circRNAs, a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was constructed based on the CircInteractome, circBank, and mirDIP online software.Results: In total, 31 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified by transcriptome sequencing; among them, 21 were upregulated and 10 were downregulated in breast cancer with ALNM compared to those without ALNM. Circ_0000160 was validated to be downregulated in breast cancer tissues with ALNM compared with those without ALNM. The ROC curve showed the ability of circ_0000160 to distinguish breast cancer tissues with ALNM and those without ALNM, with an area under the curve of 0.7435. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed that the predicted mRNAs for circ_0000160 may be related to lymph node metastasis. The predicted mRNAs for circ_0000160 may be involved in many cancer-related pathways.Conclusion: A decreased expression of circ_0000160 was found in breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis. Circ_0000160 may have the potential to distinguish breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis from those without axillary lymph node metastasis.
A Role of Socioeconomic Status in Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults in Macau: A Decomposition Approach
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Zhao Yonghua , Bian Ying 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundTo explore the prevalence and inequality of cognitive impairment among older adults in Macau and the contributions of influencing factors to inequality in cognitive impairment.MethodsThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to measure the prevalence of cognitive impairment. Socioeconomic status scores were used to describe economic level of the subjects. The concentration index was applied to measure the inequality of cognitive impairment associated with socioeconomic status (SES) and decomposed into its influencing factors.ResultsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment was 44.35% in Macau. The concentration index of cognitive impairment among the elderly was −0.165 (95% CI: −0.232 to −0.098), indicating that the prevalence of cognitive impairment was concentrated in households with poor SES. Older age, poor SES, long or short sleep duration, other marital status, poor appetite, no tea/coffee drinking, no religious belief, and depression contributed positively to the inequality of cognitive impairment. Among these factors, SES made the largest contribution to inequality, accounting for 76.74%.ConclusionIn Macau, the prevalence of cognitive impairment among people aged 65 years and older is concentrated among those who are in poor economic conditions. Reducing the gap between the rich and the poor at the source, increasing educational level of low SES population and improving their access to healthcare services will help to improve the inequity of cognitive impairment.
Efficacy and Safety of Tirofiban in Clinical Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Han Bin , Ma Teng , Liu Zhendong , Wu Yiqun , Tan Weiwei , Sun Shaoyang , Li Xuemei , Shao Changyan , Tang Duyong , Sun Jinping 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIntravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy have been approved for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, only a minority of patients received these treatments in China. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban in patients with AIS who were not undergoing early recanalization treatments.MethodsPatients with mild-to-moderate stroke [National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, 4–15] were enrolled in this study. Patients due to cardiogenic embolism were excluded. Eligible patients within 12 h from symptom onset were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive tirofiban (a loading dose of 0.4 μg/kg/min over 30 min and a maintenance dose of 0.1 μg/kg/min up to 48 h) followed by regular treatment or to receive regular treatment (aspirin at a dose of 100 mg per day for 90 days) (control). The primary outcome was the proportion of favorable functional outcomes at 90 days [defined as the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–2]. The secondary outcomes included a shift in the distribution of the mRS scores at 90 days and the NIHSS score at 24 h and 7 days. The primary safety outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) within 7 days after tirofiban treatment.ResultsA total of 380 eligible patients were randomly assigned to the tirofiban group (n = 190) or the control group (n = 190). The proportion of favorable functional outcomes was higher in the tirofiban group (79.1%) than that in the control group (67.8%) at 90 days [odds ratio (OR), 1.80; 95% CI, 1.12–2.90; p = 0.0155]. An improvement was also observed in the overall distribution of the 90-day mRS scores (adjusted common OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.58–3.39; p &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, the median NIHSS score was lower in the tirofiban group than in the control group at 7 days (3 vs. 5, p &lt; 0.0001). Next, we observed that the occurrence of sICH did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionOur trial supports that tirofiban was safe and effective and might be a remedial treatment for patients with AIS who did not receive recanalization treatments.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier: ChiCTR2000031297.
Bibliometric Analysis Reveals a 20-Year Research Trend for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Gu Jialin , Hu Miao , Gu Zhancheng , Yu Jialin , Ji Yi , Li Lingchang , Hu Canhong , Wei Guoli , Huo Jiege 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveA lot of research has focused on the field of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis of CIPN-related publications to identify the key research areas and trends over the last 20 years.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science core collection for publications related to CIPN that were published between January 2001 and September 2021. We then performed bibliometric analysis and visualization using Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometric online analysis platform (https://bibliometric.com/).ResultsIn total, we identified 2,188 eligible publications in the field of CIPN, with an increasing trend in the annual number of publications. The United States and Italy were dominant in the CIPN field. Supportive Care in Cancer was the most productive journal. G. Cavaletti and A.A. Argyriou published the largest number of papers. Of all institutions, the University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy, published the highest number of papers. Analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords revealed the specific characteristics relating to the four main clusters: oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, pain management, and quality of life (QOL). Newly emerging research focusses predominantly on neuroinflammatory mechanisms and non-pharmacological interventions for CIPN.ConclusionThis bibliometric study reviewed the evolutionary trends in CIPN research and identified current research hotspots and research trends. In addition, we identified journals, institutions, and authors, with the highest levels of impact to enhance the collaboration and learning.
Clinical and Molecular Correlates of Abnormal Changes in the Cerebellum and Globus Pallidus in Fragile X Premutation
Authors: Wang Jun Yi , Grigsby Jim , Placido Diego , Wei Hongjiang , Tassone Flora , Kim Kyoungmi , Hessl David , Rivera Susan M. , Hagerman Randi J. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundFragile X premutation carriers (55–200 CGG triplets) may develop a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), after the age of 50. The neuroradiologic markers of FXTAS are hyperintense T2-signals in the middle cerebellar peduncle—the MCP sign. We recently noticed abnormal T2-signals in the globus pallidus in male premutation carriers and controls but the prevalence and clinical significance were unknown.MethodsWe estimated the prevalence of the MCP sign and pallidal T2-abnormalities in 230 male premutation carriers and 144 controls (aged 8–86), and examined the associations with FXTAS symptoms, CGG repeat length, and iron content in the cerebellar dentate nucleus and globus pallidus.ResultsAmong participants aged ≥45 years (175 premutation carriers and 82 controls), MCP sign was observed only in premutation carriers (52 vs. 0%) whereas the prevalence of pallidal T2-abnormalities approached significance in premutation carriers compared with controls after age-adjustment (25.1 vs. 13.4%,p= 0.069). MCP sign was associated with impaired motor and executive functioning, and the additional presence of pallidal T2-abnormalities was associated with greater impaired executive functioning. Among premutation carriers, significant iron accumulation was observed in the dentate nucleus, and neither pallidal or MCP T2-abnormalities affected measures of the dentate nucleus. While the MCP sign was associated with CGG repeat length &gt;75 and dentate nucleus volume correlated negatively with CGG repeat length, pallidal T2-abnormalities did not correlate with CGG repeat length. However, pallidal signal changes were associated with age-related accelerated iron depletion and variability and having both MCP and pallidal signs further increased iron variability in the globus pallidus.ConclusionsOnly the MCP sign, not pallidal abnormalities, revealed independent associations with motor and cognitive impairment; however, the occurrence ofcombinedMCP and pallidal T2-abnormalities may present a risk for greater cognitive impairment and increased iron variability in the globus pallidus.
Implications of Malnutrition on Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Young and Old Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort
Authors: Liang Jingjing , Zhang Lingyu , Huang Zhidong , He Yibo , Ling Yihang , Chen Kai , Ying Ming , Lin Mengfei , Li Guode , Liu Jin , Liu Yong , Liang Yan , Chen Shiqun , Hu Yunzhao 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe relationship between malnutrition and the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and the resulting prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still not well known.MethodsPatients undergoing PCI were consecutively enrolled in a multicenter study in China (NCT01402232), categorized by nutritional status (non-malnutrition, malnutrition) based on two different cut-off values (i.e., traditional threshold and the best cut-off value based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve) for the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score. The primary endpoint was CA-AKI, diagnosed as a rise in serum creatinine &gt;0.3 mg/dl or &gt;50% than the baseline level occurring within 48 h after the intervention. The secondary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The relationships of malnutrition, CA-AKI, and all-cause mortality were examined using multivariate-adjusted logistic and Cox regression analyses, respectively.ResultsAmong 2,083 patients undergoing PCI (age: 62.8 ± 11.1 years; 79.0% men), 1,258 (60.4%) were malnourished. During hospitalization, 80 (3.8%) patients developed CA-AKI events. The incidence of CA-AKI in patients who did not have malnutrition (the non-malnutrition group) and those who did have malnutrition (the malnutrition group) was 1.7% and 5.25%, respectively. Patients with malnutrition had a 2-fold increased adjusted risk of CA-AKI compared to those with no malnutrition [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% confidence interval CI): 2.41 (1.22 to 5.22)]. Malnutrition was associated with a 3-fold increased adjusted risk of CA-AKI in patients aged ≤ 75 years [N = 1,791, aOR (95% CI): 3.39 (1.46–9.25)]. Malnourished patients with CA-AKI had a higher risk of all-cause mortality than the others. Similar results were observed in the grouping of Supplemental Analyses based on the optimal cut-off value of the CONUT score identified by the ROC curve.ConclusionsMalnutrition is strongly associated with an increased risk of CA-AKI in both young and old patients undergoing PCI. Malnourished patients with CA-AKI had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to prospectively assess the efficacy of nutritional interventions on outcomes in patients undergoing PCI.
Association Between Temporal Changes in Diet Quality and Concurrent Changes in Dietary Intake, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity Among Japanese Adults: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Watanabe Daiki , Murakami Haruka , Gando Yuko , Kawakami Ryoko , Tanisawa Kumpei , Ohno Harumi , Konishi Kana , Sasaki Azusa , Morishita Akie , Miyatake Nobuyuki , Miyachi Motohiko 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMany cross-sectional studies have identified modifiable factors such as dietary intake, physique, and physical activity associated with diet quality but were unable to determine how a specific individual's diet quality changes with these factors. These relationships may vary depending on an individual's dietary intake. We aimed to determine the association between temporal changes in diet quality and concurrent changes in dietary intake, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity according to the diet quality trajectory pattern.MethodsThis longitudinal prospective study included 697 Japanese adults aged 26–85 years, at baseline, with available data from at least two dietary intake surveys (4,118 measurements). Dietary intake and physical activity were evaluated using validated dietary questionnaires and a triaxial accelerometer. Diet quality was calculated using the Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3), while physical activity was calculated based on the duration of activity performed at each level of intensity (sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous). Body mass index was calculated from the measured height and weight. Statistical analyses involved latent class growth models (LCGM) and random-effect panel data analysis.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up period of 6.8 years, NRF9.3 scores were assessed, on average, 5.4 times in men and 6.1 times in women. Based on the NRF9.3 score, three separate trajectory groups—“low-increasing,” “medium-increasing,” and “high-stable”—among individuals aged 26–90 years were identified using LCGM. In the multivariate analysis, the NRF9.3 score trajectory was positively associated with intake of energy, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins A and C, magnesium, and food items, such as fruits and vegetables, and was negatively associated with BMI and the intake of added sugar, saturated fats, sodium, and food items, such as meat and sugar and confectioneries, even after adjusting for covariates. These relationships displayed heterogeneity across the identified NRF9.3 score trajectory groups. In the low-increasing group, an inverse relationship was observed between sedentary behavior and NRF9.3 score trajectory.ConclusionsWe identified modifiable factors associated with temporal changes in diet quality across a wide age range; however, these factors may vary according to the diet quality trajectories. Our findings may help develop effective strategies for improving diet quality, according to the trajectory of diet quality.