bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Driving brain state transitions in major depressive disorder through external stimulation
Authors: Wang Shengpei , Wen Hongwei , Qiu Shuang , Xie Peng , Qiu Jiang , He Huiguang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) as a dysfunction of neural circuits and brain networks has been established in modern neuroimaging sciences. However, the brain state transitions between MDD and health through external stimulation remain unclear, which limits translation to clinical contexts and demonstrable clinical utility. We propose a framework of the large‐scale whole‐brain network model for MDD linking the underlying anatomical connectivity with functional dynamics obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, we further explored the optimal brain regions to promote the transition of brain states between MDD and health through external stimulation of the model. Based on the whole‐brain model successfully fitting the brain state space in MDD and the health, we demonstrated that the transition from MDD to health is achieved by the excitatory activation of the limbic system and from health to MDD by the inhibitory stimulation of the reward circuit. Our finding provides novel biophysical evidence for the neural mechanism of MDD and its recovery and allows the discovery of new stimulation targets for MDD recovery.
Deriving prognostic significance from a molecular subtype model of laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Yibo , Wang Jiahong , Huang Zhongxi , Gong Pinggui , Xie Minqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study explored whether laryngeal carcinoma could be divided into different subtypes based on molecular differences using a molecular subtype‐prediction model.MethodsWe extracted data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases and then performed unsupervised cluster analysis to identify discrete molecular subtypes of laryngeal carcinoma. Significance analysis of microarrays was performed to detect differentially expressed genes for each subtype, and gene set enrichment analysis and the GenCliP3 software were used to label gene functions and identify key pathways.ResultsWe categorized 126 patients into C1 and C2 molecular subtypes associated with pathologic grade. The C2 subtype appeared more aggressive, with a worse prognosis. The most significant enrichment pathway of the C2 subtype was the Hedgehog pathway, and GLI1 was a core gene.ConclusionsLaryngeal carcinoma can be divided into two subtypes based on differences in molecular expression, which could identify key molecules associated with prognosis.
Machine learning models are superior to noninvasive tests in identifying clinically significant stages of NAFLD and NAFLD‐related cirrhosis
Authors: Chang Devon , Truong Emily , Mena Edward A. , Pacheco Fabiana , Wong Micaela , Guindi Maha , Todo Tsuyoshi T. , Noureddin Nabil , Ayoub Walid , Yang Ju Dong , Kim Irene K. , Kohli Anita , Alkhouri Naim , Harrison Stephen , Noureddin Mazen 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:
We assessed the performance of machine learning (ML) models in identifying clinically significant NAFLD‐associated liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Approach and Results:
We implemented ML models including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and artificial neural network to predict histological stages of fibrosis using 17 demographic/clinical features in 1370 patients with NAFLD who underwent liver biopsy, FibroScan, and labs within a 6‐month period at multiple U.S. centers. Histological stages of fibrosis (≥F2, ≥F3, and F4) were predicted using ML, FibroScan liver stiffness measurements, and Fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4). NASH with significant fibrosis (NAS ≥ 4 + ≥F2) was assessed using ML, FibroScan‐AST (FAST) score, FIB‐4, and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). We used 80% of the cohort to train and 20% to test the ML models. For ≥F2, ≥F3, F4, and NASH + NAS ≥ 4 + ≥F2, all ML models, especially RF, had primarily higher accuracy and AUC compared with FibroScan, FIB‐4, FAST, and NFS. AUC for RF versus FibroScan and FIB‐4 for ≥F2, ≥F3, and F4 were (0.86 vs. 0.81, 0.78), (0.89 vs. 0.83, 0.82), and (0.89 vs. 0.86, 0.85), respectively. AUC for RF versus FAST, FIB‐4, and NFS for NASH + NAS ≥ 4 + ≥F2 were (0.80 vs. 0.77, 0.66, 0.63). For NASH + NAS ≥ 4 + ≥F2, all ML models had lower/similar percentages within the indeterminate zone compared with FIB‐4 and NFS. Overall, ML models performed better in sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value compared with traditional noninvasive tests.

Conclusions:
ML models performed better overall than FibroScan, FIB‐4, FAST, and NFS. ML could be an effective tool for identifying clinically significant liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with NAFLD.
Scutellarin protects cortical neurons against neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy injury via upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor
Authors: Zou Yu , Fang Chang‐Le , Wang Ya‐Ting , Li Hua , Guo Xi‐Liang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) causes devastating cerebral damage and neurological deficits that seldom have effective therapies. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of Scutellarin in NHIE. NHIE models were successfully established. Zea‐longa score and triphenyte‐trazoliumchloride (TTC) staining demonstrated that hypoxia and ischemia (HI) insult induced prominent neurological dysfunctions and brain infarction. Protein microarray was applied to detect the differentially expressed genes in the cortex, hippocampus, and lung tissues of HI rats, which revealed the downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in these tissues. Additionally, double immunostaining uncovered VEGF expression was localized in the neurons. Besides, VEGF was decreasingly expressed in oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD) neurons, which was intriguingly reversed by Scutellarin treatment. Moreover, VEGF silencing increased OGD‐induced neuronal apoptosis and attenuated neurite outgrowth, which was enhanced by Scutellarin administration. GeneMANIA predicted a close correlation of VEGF with caspase 3, caspase 7, and interleukin (IL)‐1β, and qRT‐PCR revealed that Scutellarin treatment depressed the expression levels of them elevated in OGD neurons, but the Scutellarin‐depressed levels of these factors were prominently increased after VEGF silencing. Our findings suggested that Scutellarin exerted neuroprotective effects in NHIE potentially through mediating VEGF‐targeted inactivation of caspase 3, caspase 7, and IL‐1β.
Critical Worldmaking Through Balladry: Youth Corrido Literacies as a Lived Civic Poetic
Authors: de los Ríos Cati , Portillo Yared , Cantero Bryan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe performing arts, specifically the Mexican balladry called corridos, can offer new vistas for what constitutes civic inclusion, poetics, and worldmaking for racially and linguistically minoritized youth. This paper provides a textual analysis of “El Llanto de El Paso,” a corrido (ballad) written by youth balladeer, Josué Rodríguez, that went viral shortly after the deadly mass shooting at a Walmart in El Paso, Texas, that targeted Mexican patrons. Implications for practice encourage the rethinking of literacy studies in ways that are attuned with bi/multilingual youth's folkloric and arts‐based civic participation, especially in moments of heightened rhetoric of White nationalism and xenophobia.
Improved oxidation stability and crosslink density of chemically crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene using the antioxidant synergy for artificial joints
Authors: Shah Nouman Ali , Lan Ri‐Tong , Dai Rui , Jiang Kai , Shen Hui‐Yuan , Hong Rui , Xu Jia‐Zhuang , Li Lingli , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVitamin E (VE) is currently an approved antioxidant to improve the oxidation stability of highly crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) insert used commercially in total joint arthroplasty. However, the decrease in crosslink density caused by VE reduces wear resistance of UHMWPE, showing an uncoordinated challenge. In this work, we hypothesized that D‐sorbitol (DS) as a secondary antioxidant can improve the antioxidant efficacy of VE on chemically crosslinked UHMWPE. The combined effect of VE and DS on oxidation stability of UHMWPE was investigated at a set of controlled hybrid antioxidant content. The hybrid antioxidant strategy showed significantly synergistic enhancement on the oxidation stability of chemically crosslinked UHMWPE compared with the single VE strategy. More strikingly, the crosslink density of the blends with hybrid antioxidants stayed at a high level since DS is not sensitive to crosslinking. The relationships between oxidation stability, mechanical properties, crosslink density, and crystallinity were investigated, by which the clinically relevant overall performance of UHMWPE was optimized. This work provides a leading‐edge design mean for the development of joint bearings.
Role of IL‐10 and IL‐22 cytokines in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia and their clinical significance
Authors: Liu Qifeng , Liu Yan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease that leads to accelerated platelet clearance. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical role of cytokines in ITP patients and to correlate them with disease stages.Materials and MethodsA total of 110 ITP patients were enrolled, including 55 with active ITP, 55 with remission ITP, and 55 with healthy controls. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique was used to examine IL‐10 and IL‐22 serum levels in all subjects. Real‐time quantitative PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of IL‐10 and IL‐22 in PBMC. The clinical significance of both cytokines was assessed using ROC analysis.ResultsIL‐10 serum levels in active ITP patients were significantly lower than in control and remission ITP subjects (p < 0.05). IL‐22 serum levels were elevated in active ITP patients compared to the control and remission group (p < 0.05). mRNA expressions of IL‐10 and IL‐22 in active ITP patients were also having a significant difference from than control and remission ITP group (p < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that IL‐10 and IL‐22 can differentiate the ITP patients from controls. A positive correlation between serum IL‐10 and PBMC IL‐10 with statistical significance was observed. Similarly, the serum IL‐22 and PBMC IL‐22 were correlated positively with statistical significance.ConclusionIL‐10 and IL‐22 seem to predict the clinical course of ITP, as a significant imbalance of these cytokines was detected in active ITP patients.
Blood Th17 cells and IL‐17A as candidate biomarkers estimating the progression of cognitive impairment in stroke patients
Authors: Lu Tianming , Ma Le , Xu Qingmei , Wang Xinxin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundT helper (Th) cells regulate immunity and inflammation to engage in cognitive impairment in several neurological diseases, while their clinical relevance in stroke patients is not clear. The current study intended to assess the relationship of Th1 cells, Th17 cells, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), and interleukin (IL)‐17A with cognitive function in stroke patients.MethodsOne hundred twenty stroke patients and 40 controls were enrolled in this muticenter study. Th1 and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were assessed by flow cytometry; meanwhile, IFN‐γ and IL‐17A in serum were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Cognitive function of stroke patients was evaluated by Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score at enrollment (baseline), year 1, year 2, and year 3.ResultsTh1 cells (p = 0.037) and IFN‐γ (p = 0.048) were slightly increased, while Th17 cells (p < 0.001) and IL‐17A (p < 0.001) were greatly elevated in stroke patients compared with controls. Th17 cells (rs = −0.374, p < 0.001) and IL‐17A (rs = −0.267, p = 0.003) were negatively correlated with MMSE score at baseline, but Th1 cells and IFN‐γ were not. Meanwhile, Th17 cells (p = 0.001) and IL‐17A (p = 0.024) were increased in patients with cognitive impairment compared to those without cognitive impairment. Notably, Th17 cells were positively associated with 1‐year (rs = 0.331, p < 0.001), 2‐year (rs = 0.261, p = 0.006), and 3‐year (rs = 0.256, p = 0.011) MMSE decline; IL‐17A was positively correlated with 1‐year (rs = 0.262, p = 0.005), 2‐year (rs = 0.193, p = 0.045), but not 3‐year MMSE decline. However, both Th1 cells and IFN‐γ were not linked with MMSE decline.ConclusionTh17 cells and IL‐17A estimate the progression of cognitive impairment in stroke patients.
The role of the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer and the potential therapeutic approaches
Authors: Zafari Narges , Khosravi Fatemeh , Rezaee Zahra , Esfandyari Sahar , Bahiraei Mohamad , Bahramy Afshin , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) with a high prevalence is recognized as the fourth most common cause of cancer‐related death globally. Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in the network of tumor cells, stromal cells, immune cells, blood vessel cells, and fibroblasts that comprise the tumor microenvironment (TME) to identify new therapeutic interventions.MethodsDatabases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus, were searched to provide an overview of the recent research progress related to targeting the TME as a novel therapeutic approach.ResultsTumor microenvironment as a result of the cross talk between these cells may result in either advantages or disadvantages in tumor development and metastasis, affecting the signals and responses from the surrounding cells. Whilst chemotherapy has led to an improvement in CRC patients' survival, the metastatic aspect of the disease remains difficult to avoid.ConclusionsThe present review emphasizes the structure and function of the TME, alterations in the TME, its role in the incidence and progression of CRC, the effects on tumor development and metastasis, and also the potential of its alterations as therapeutic targets. It should be noted that providing novel studies in this field of research might help us to achieve practical therapeutic strategies based on their interaction.
RLLB/Alb ratio: a promising noninvasive diagnostic marker in assessing esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Chowdhury Md Faisal Fahad , Islam Ashekul , Palit Pulak Kanti , Mozibullah Md. , Sohel Md , Khatun Mst Mahmuda , Chowdhury Mohammed Mehadi Hassan , Islam Mohammod Johirul , Datta Joyonti , Dhar Suman , Nath Pradip Kumar , Nath Sabuj Kanti 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopy has long been widely used to screen for esophageal varices (EV) in cirrhotic patients. Recurrent endoscopy is a significant burden for the healthcare system of the endoscopic unit as well as uncomfortable and high costs for patients. This study intended to prognosticate Right Liver Lobe Diameter/Serum Albumin Ratio (RLLD/Alb) as a non‐invasive approach in the early diagnosis of EV among chronic liver disease (CLD) Bangladeshi patients enrolled in a specific hospital.Participants and MethodsA total of 150 admitted patients with CLD were included in the study. Patients were subjected through a comprehensive biochemical checkup and upper digestive endoscopic or ultrasonographic inspection. The correlation was evaluated between the RLLD/Alb ratio and esophageal varices grades.ResultsThe upper digestive endoscopy demonstration among 150 patients resulted in no EV in 18%, while 24% of patients was identified as EV grade I, 20% as grade II, 20% as grade III, and 18% patients as grade IV. The mean value of the RLLD/Alb ratio was 4.89 ± 1.49 (range from 2.30 to 8.45). The RLLD/Alb ratio diagnosed the EV employing the cut‐off value of 4.01 with 85.3% sensitivity and 68.8% specificity. Furthermore, it was positively correlated with the grading of EV, when this ratio increased the grading of EV increases and vice versa (r = 0.630, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe RLLD/Alb ratio is a non‐invasive parameter giving exact guidance relevant to the ascertainment of the existence of EV and their grading in chronic liver disease patients.
Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio is associated with higher prevalence of NAFLD detected by FibroScan in the United States
Authors: Wang Rusha , Xue Feiben , Wang Liping , Shi Guangxia , Qian Guoqing , Yang Naibin , Chen Xueqin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association between the serum uric acid (sUA) to creatinine ratio (sUA/Cr) and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been sufficiently clarified. In this study, we investigated the relationship between sUA/Cr and NAFLD among participants in the United States.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. A measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) value of ≥274 dB/m detected by Fibroscan was used to identify hepatic steatosis. SUA/Cr was calculated as sUA divided by serum creatinine. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between sUA/Cr and NAFLD. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of sUA/Cr for NAFLD was estimated, and subgroup analysis stratified by sex was also conducted. The nonlinear relationship between sUA/Cr and NAFLD was further described using smooth curve fittings and threshold‐effect analysis.ResultsWe found that sUA/Cr was positively correlated with NAFLD status after fully adjustment for confounding factors. In subgroup analysis stratified by sex, the positive interaction between sUA/Cr and NAFLD status only existed in women but not in men. Moreover, the nonlinear association between sUA/Cr and NAFLD status was an inverted U‐shaped curve with an inflection point at 9.7 among men.ConclusionsOur study identified that sUA/Cr was positively associated with the risk of NAFLD among individuals in the United States. Moreover, the correlation between sUA/Cr and NAFLD differed according to sex.
The etiological roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in neuropathic pain: A narrative review
Authors: Jiang Ming , Wang Yelong , Wang Jing , Feng Shanwu , Wang Xian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in neuropathic pain development. Herein, we systematically searched for neuropathic pain‐related ncRNAs expression changes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular non‐coding RNAs (circRNAs).MethodsWe searched two databases, PubMed and GeenMedical, for relevant studies.ResultsPeripheral nerve injury or noxious stimuli can induce extensive changes in the expression of ncRNAs. For example, higher serum miR‐132‐3p, ‐146b‐5p, and ‐384 was observed in neuropathic pain patients. Either sciatic nerve ligation, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) transaction, or ventral root transection (VRT) could upregulate miR‐21 and miR‐31 while downregulating miR‐668 and miR‐672 in the injured DRG. lncRNAs, such as early growth response 2‐antisense‐RNA (Egr2‐AS‐RNA) and Kcna2‐AS‐RNA, were upregulated in Schwann cells and inflicted DRG after nerve injury, respectively. Dysregulated circRNA homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) in serum and the DRG, abnormally expressed lncRNAs X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST), nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1), as well as ciRS‐7, zinc finger protein 609 (cirZNF609), circ_0005075, and circAnks1a in the spinal cord were suggested to participate in neuropathic pain development. Dysregulated miRNAs contribute to neuropathic pain via neuroinflammation, autophagy, abnormal ion channel expression, regulating pain‐related mediators, protein kinases, structural proteins, neurotransmission excitatory–inhibitory imbalances, or exosome miRNA‐mediated neuron–glia communication. In addition, lncRNAs and circRNAs are essential in neuropathic pain by acting as antisense RNA and miRNA sponges, epigenetically regulating pain‐related molecules expression, or modulating miRNA processing.ConclusionsNumerous dysregulated ncRNAs have been suggested to participate in neuropathic pain development. However, there is much work to be done before ncRNA‐based analgesics can be clinically used for various reasons such as conservation among species, proper delivery, stability, and off‐target effects.
Gamma‐Glutamyl Transpeptidase‐to‐Platelet ratio predicts liver fibrosis in patients with concomitant chronic hepatitis B and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Luo Jie , Du Zhan , Liang Dongli , Li Manni , Yin Yanyao , Chen Mingfa , Yang Liuqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the correlation of gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐to‐platelet ratio (GPR), aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index‐4 (FIB‐4), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, and perform a diagnostic value of GPR for predicting fibrosis in CHB patients with NAFLD.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on CHB patients concurrent with NAFLD between September 2019 and December 2020. They were divided into control group (LSM ≤ 9.7 kpa) and fibrosis group (LSM ≥ 9.8 kpa). Demographic data were collected; ALT, AST, and PLT were also detected. LSM was measured by transient elastography (TE). The GPR, APRI, and FIB‐4 were calculated. The correlation between GPR, APRI, FIB‐4, and LSM was compared. The accuracy of predicting liver fibrosis using GPR, APRI, and FIB‐4 was assessed.ResultsEighty‐five CHB patients with NAFLD were enrolled. Multivariate analysis showed that age (p = 0.005), GGT (p = 0.001), and PLT (p = 0.013) were the independent risk factors for LSM. The GPR (p = 0.008), APRI (p = 0.001), and FIB‐4 (p = 0.001) values in fibrosis group were higher than control group. Pearson linear correlation was used to analyze the correlations between LSM and GPR, APRI, and FIB‐4. LSM was correlated with GPR, APRI, and FIB‐4. The AUCs of GPR, APRI, and FIB4 were 0.805, 0.766, and 0.826 in assessing liver fibrosis, respectively. No significant differences in the areas of GPR were comparable to that of APRI and FIB‐4.ConclusionGPR has a good correlation with LSM in assessing liver fibrosis and can be used as a noninvasive index for the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with concomitant CHB and NAFLD.
Clinical significance of serum ferritin in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Jiang Yanting , Li Xi , Zhou Wei , Jin Min , Li Sihui , Lao Yuehong , Zhu Haiqing , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the clinical significance of serum ferritin (SF) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsThe levels of SF were measured in 115 patients with SSc and 117 healthy controls (HCs). Clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes between the high ferritin SSc group and the normal ferritin SSc group were analyzed.ResultsThe level of SF in SSc patients was significantly higher than that in HCs (319.78 [179, 554.33] ng/ml vs. 99 [49.03, 164.29] ng/ml, p < 0.01). Compared with the normal ferritin SSc group, the high ferritin SSc group was more likely to develop skin diffuse cutaneous SSc, fingertip arthralgia, and cardiac involvement. In addition, the levels of glutamine transaminase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme‐MB (CK‐MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the positive rate of anti‐Scl70 antibody in the high ferritin SSc group were significantly higher (each p < 0.05). SF was positively correlated with GGT, ALT, CK, CK‐MB, LD, IgA, CRP, and ESR (each p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cardiac involvement, ALT, and ESR were independent influencing factors of SF in SSc.ConclusionOur study shows that the level of SF in patients with SSc is increased, and the elevated SF is related to abnormal liver function, myocardial involvement, inflammatory status, and production of autoantibodies in SSc. Cardiac involvement, ALT, and ESR are independent factors affecting SF in SSc.