bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of armed conflicts and forced migration among women from countries in the Middle East, Balkans, and Africa: a systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Jolof Linda , Rocca Patricia , Mazaheri Monir , Okenwa Emegwa Leah , Carlsson Tommy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
A significant proportion of the global population is displaced, many being women. Qualitative studies can generate in-depth findings that will contribute to an understanding of their experiences, but there is a need for further synthetization efforts. The aim was to provide a comprehensive perspective about adult women’s experiences of armed conflicts and forced migration, focusing on women in or from countries in the Middle East, Balkans, or Africa.

Methods
Systematic review of English reports presenting empirical qualitative studies published in scientific journals 1980 or later, utilizing searches performed in September 2021 within three databases combined with manual screening. Of the 3 800 records screened in total, 26 were included. Methodological details and quality were appraised using pre-specified extraction and appraisal tools. The findings within the included reports were analyzed with thematic analysis.

Results
Most reports utilized interviews, including in total 494 participants, and were appraised as having insignificant methodological limitations. The first theme concerns changed living conditions, involving reduced safety, insufficient access to resources meeting basic needs, forced migration as a last resort, and some positive effects. The second theme concerns the experienced health-related consequences, involving psychological distress, risks during pregnancy and childbirth, exposure to violence and discrimination as a woman, as well as a lack of adequate healthcare services and social support. The third theme concerns the resources and strategies that enhance resilience, involving social support and family life, as well as utilization of internal resources and strategies.

Conclusion
When experiencing armed conflicts and forced migration, women face significant challenges related to changed living conditions and are exposed to health-related consequences. Consistently, women are targets of severe structural and personal violence, while lacking access to even the most basic healthcare services. Despite facing considerable hardships, these women display extraordinary resilience and endurance by finding strength through social support and internal resources. Synthesized qualitative research illustrates that women value social support, including peer support, which is a promising intervention that needs to be evaluated in future experimental studies.
Victimization by Caregivers: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Chilean Children and Adolescents
Authors: Portilla-Saavedra Diego , Pinto-Cortez Cristián , Guerra Cristóbal , Cárdenas Fabiola Peña 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined the prevalence and risk factors associated to victimization by caregivers in a national large sample of Chilean children and adolescents. 19,687 children and adolescents aged 12–17, selected by random probability sampling of 699 public schools in Chile who were surveyed by trained interviewers. Victimization by Caregivers was evaluated through a module of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ). The prevalence (12 months) for physical abuse were (12.9%), for emotional abuse (27.9%), neglect (5.3%) and parental interference (3.5%). The results suggest as risk factors, sex, age, migration status, disability, geographical location, and type of school. The findings highlight the urgent need to address the issue of child maltreatment and victimization by caregivers in Chilean society and minimize its impact.
Unilateral symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy has limited effects on bilateral lower limb ground reaction force asymmetries and muscular synergy attributes when walking at natural and fast speeds
Authors: Lalumiere Mathieu , Bourbonnais Daniel , Goyette Michel , Perrino Sarah , Desmeules François , Gagnon Dany H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAchilles tendinopathy (AT) may affect ground reaction force (GRF) and muscle synergy (MS) during walking due to pain, biological integrity changes in the tendon and neuroplastic adaptations. The objective of this study was to compare GRF asymmetries and MS attributes between symptomatic and asymptomatic lower limbs (LL) during walking at natural and fast speeds in adults with unilateral AT.MethodsA convenience sample consisting of twenty‐eight participants walked on an instrumented treadmill at natural (1.3 m/s) and fast (1.6 m/s) speeds. Peak GRF were measured in mediolateral, anteroposterior and vertical directions. Individualized electromyography (EMG) activation profiles were time‐ and amplitude‐normalized for three consecutive gait cycles and MS were extracted using non‐negative matrix factorization algorithms. MS were characterized by the number, composition (i.e., weighting of each muscle) and temporal profiles (i.e., duration and amplitude) of the MS extracted during walking. Paired Student's t‐tests assessed peak GRF and MS muscle weighting differences between sides whereas Pearson correlation coefficients characterized the similarities of the individualized EMG and MS activation temporal profiles within sides.ResultsAT had limited effects on peak GRF asymmetries and the number, composition and temporal profiles of MS between symptomatic and asymptomatic LL while walking on a level treadmill at natural and fast speeds. In most participants, four MS with a specific set of predominantly activated muscles were extracted across natural (71 and 61%) and fast (54 and 50%) walking speeds for the symptomatic and asymptomatic side respectively. Individualized EMG activation profiles were relatively similar between sides (r = 0.970 to 0.999). As for MS attributes, relatively similar temporal activation profiles (r = 0.988 to 0.998) and muscle weightings (p < 0.05) were found between sides for all four MS and the most solicited muscles. Although the faster walking speed increased the number of merged MS for both sides, it did not significantly alter MS symmetry.ConclusionFaster walking speed increased peak GRF values but had limited effects on GRF symmetries and MS attribute differences between the LL. Corticospinal neuroplastic adaptations associated with chronic unilateral AT may explain the preserved quasi‐symmetric LL motor control strategy observed during natural and fast walking among adults with chronic unilateral AT.
Hypoventilation and sleep hypercapnia in a case of congenital variant-like Rett syndrome
Authors: Ghirardo Sergio , Sabatini Letizia , Onofri Alessandro , Testa Maria Beatrice Chiarini , Paglietti Maria Giovanna , Diodato Daria , Travaglini Lorena , Stregapede Fabrizia , Ciofi degli Atti Marta Luisa , Cherchi Claudio , Cutrera Renato 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Breathing disturbances are often a primary clinical concern especially during wakefulness of the classic form of Rett syndrome, but data for atypical forms are lacking.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 20-month-old female affected by Rett syndrome with congenital variant-like onset, characterized by severe hypotonia and neurodevelopment impairment. She presented hypoventilation, persistent periodic breathing, and sustained desaturation during sleep, without obstructive or mixed events. Pulse oximetry and capnography during wakefulness were strictly normal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a patient affected by a congenital variant of Rett syndrome presenting sleep hypercapnia. Hypotonia may play a major role in the genesis of hypoventilation and hypoxemia in our patient. Non-invasive ventilation led to quality-of-life improvements.

Conclusions
Thus, we suggest screening patients with congenital-like Rett syndrome through transcutaneous bedtime carbon dioxide and oxygen monitoring. Moreover, assisted control mode was a breakthrough to achieve adequate ventilation in our case.
Efficacy and safety of wound infiltration modalities for postoperative pain management after cesarean section: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Abate Semagn Mekonnen , Mergia Getachew , Nega Solomon , Basu Bivash , Tadesse Moges 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative pain after a cesarean section has negative consequences for the mother during the postoperative period. Over the years, various postoperative pain management strategies have been used following cesarean section. Opioid-based analgesics and landmark approaches have negative side effects, while ultrasound-based regional analgesia necessitates resources and experience, but various wound infiltration adjuvants are innovative with few side effects and are simple to use. The efficacy and safety of each adjuvant, however, are unknown and require further investigation.ObjectiveThis network meta-analysis is intended to provide the most effective wound infiltration drugs for postoperative management after cesarean section.MethodA comprehensive search will be conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, CINHAL, and LILACS without date and language restrictions. All randomized trials comparing the effectiveness of wound infiltration drugs for postoperative pain management after cesarean section will be included. Data extraction will be conducted independently by two authors. The quality of studies will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the overall quality of the evidence will be determined by GRADEpro software.DiscussionThe rate of postoperative acute and chronic pain is very high which has a huge impact on the mother, family, healthcare practitioners, and healthcare delivery. It is a basic human right to give every patient with postoperative pain treatment that is realistic in terms of resources, technique, cost, and adverse event profile.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021268774
METTL1 promotes neuroblastoma development through m7G tRNA modification and selective oncogenic gene translation
Authors: Huang Ying , Ma Jieyi , Yang Cuiyun , Wei Paijia , Yang Minghui , Han Hui , Chen Hua Dong , Yue Tianfang , Xiao Shu , Chen Xuanyu , Li Zuoqing , Tang Yanlai , Luo Jiesi , Lin Shuibin , Huang Libin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is the most common extra-cranial solid tumour in childhood, with prognosis ranging from spontaneous remission to high risk for rapid and fatal progression. Despite existing therapy approaches, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) for patients with advanced NBL remains below 30%, emphasizing urgent necessary for novel therapeutic strategies. Studies have shown that epigenetic disorders play an essential role in the pathogenesis of NBL. However, the function and mechanism of N7-methylguanosine (m7G) methyltransferase in NBL remains unknown.

Methods
The expression levels of m7G tRNA methyltransferase Methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) were analyzed by querying the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and further confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. Kaplan-Meier, univariate and multivariate cox hazard analysis were performed to reveal the prognostic role of METTL1. Cell function assays were performed to evaluate how METTL1 works in proliferation, apoptosis and migration in cell lines and xenograft mouse models. The role of METTL1 on mRNA translation activity of NBL cells was measured using puromycin intake assay and polysome profiling assay. The m7G modified tRNAs were identified by tRNA reduction and cleavage sequencing (TRAC-seq). Ribosome nascent-chain complex-bound mRNA sequencing (RNC-seq) was utilized to identify the variation of gene translation efficiency (TE). Analyzed the codon frequency decoded by m7G tRNA to clarify the translation regulation and mechanism of m7G modification in NBL.

Results
This study found that METTL1 were significantly up-regulated in advanced NBL, which acted as an independent risk factor and predicted poor prognosis. Further in NBL cell lines and BALB/c-nu female mice, we found METTL1 played a crucial role in promoting NBL progression. Furthermore, m7G profiling and translation analysis revealed downregulation of METTL1 would inhibit puromycin intake efficiency of NBL cells, indicating that METTL1 did count crucially in regulation of NBL cell translation. With all tRNAs with m7G modification identified in NBL cells, knockdown of METTL1 would significantly reduce the levels of both m7G modification and m7G tRNAs expressions. Result of RNC-seq shew there were 339 overlapped genes with impaired translation in NBL cells upon METTL1 knockdown. Further analysis revealed these genes contained higher frequency of codons decoded by m7G-modified tRNAs and were enriched in oncogenic pathways.

Conclusion
This study revealed the critical role and mechanism of METTL1-mediated tRNA m7G modification in regulating NBL progression, providing new insights for developing therapeutic approaches for NBL patients.
Self-assembled pagoda-like nanostructure-induced vertically stacked split-ring resonators for polarization-sensitive dichroic responses
Authors: Kim Sanghoon , Jung Chunghwan , Mun Jungho , Kim Mooseong , Yoon Hyeongkeon , Jang Junho , Go Myeongcheol , Lee Jaeyong , Rho Junsuk , Kim Jin Kon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStacked split-ring resonators (SSRR) arrays exhibiting polarization-sensitive dichroic responses in both visible and near-infrared wavelengths are realized over a centimeter-scale large area. The SSRR arrays are derived from pagoda-like nanorods fabricated from the self-assembly of a lamellae-forming polystyrene-b-poly (methyl methacrylate) copolymer (PS-b-PMMA) confined in cylindrical pores of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template. Along the nanorod direction, PS and PMMA nanodomains were alternately stacked with the same distance. Silver crescents and semi-hemispherical covers, which are essential for SSRR with the polarization sensitivity, were obliquely deposited on the single side of the nanorod after removing the AAO template and reactive-ion etching treatment. These sophisticated nanoscale architectures made by bottom-up fabrication can be applied to structural color, optical anti-counterfeiting, and commercial optical components in a large area.
Articular cartilage delamination at eight years following cellular-based repair procedures: a case reports
Authors: Gobbi Alberto , Lane John G. , Morales Macarena , D’Ambrosi Riccardo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis report describes two cases of late cartilage delamination in two young adults after two different autologous cell-based techniques for cartilage restoration: 1. Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) and 2. Hyaluronic acid-bone marrow aspirate concentrate (HA-BMAC). Both cases demonstrate that even in patients who do not present with any ongoing symptoms after primary surgery, a cellular-based graft’s subsequent delamination can occur later. It is possible that regardless of the technique used or the time passed since the surgery, a graft failure may occur at some level, causing delamination of a previously asymptomatic cartilage restoration graft and a traumatic event with long-term follow-up. Surgeons must be alert to this injury and describe histologic findings to determine where failure occurs.
A systematic review of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients reveals potentially clinically informative panels as well as key challenges in miRNA research
Authors: Brown Cameron , Mantzaris Michael , Nicolaou Elpiniki , Karanasiou Georgia , Papageorgiou Elisavet , Curigliano Giuseppe , Cardinale Daniela , Filippatos Gerasimos , Memos Nikolaos , Naka Katerina K. , Papakostantinou Andri , Vogazianos Paris , Ioulianou Erietta , Shammas Christos , Constantinidou Anastasia , Tozzi Federica , Fotiadis Dimitrios I. , Antoniades Athos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBreast cancer patients are at a particularly high risk of cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy having a detrimental effect on quality-of-life parameters and increasing the risk of mortality. Prognostic biomarkers would allow the management of therapies to mitigate the risks of cardiotoxicity in vulnerable patients and a key potential candidate for such biomarkers are microRNAs (miRNA). miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which can also be released into the circulatory system and have been associated with the progression of many chronic diseases including many types of cancer. In this review, the evidence for the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC) in breast cancer patientsis evaluated and a simple meta-analysis is performed to confirm the replication status of each reported miRNA. Further selection of miRNAs is performed by reviewing the reported associations of each miRNA with other cardiovascular conditions. Based on this research, the most representative panels targeting specific chemotherapy agents and treatment regimens are suggested, that contain several informative miRNAs, including both general markers of cardiac damage as well as those for the specific cancer treatments.
Geriatric Assessment Predictors of 1-Year Mortality in Older Adults With GI Malignancies: A Survival Tree Analysis
Authors: Williams Grant R. , Dai Chen , Giri Smith , Al-Obaidi Mustafa , Harmon Christian , Kenzik Kelly M. , McDonald Andrew , Gbolahan Olumide , Outlaw Darryl , Khushman Moh'd , Richman Joshua , Bhatia Smita 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE Identifying older patients with GI malignancies who are at increased risk of mortality remains challenging. The goal of our study was to examine geriatric assessment (GA) predictors of 1-year mortality and explore the use of a survival tree analysis in a prospective cohort of older adults (≥ 60 years) with newly diagnosed GI malignancies. METHODS Survival tree analysis was performed to understand variable interactions and identify predictors of overall survival, computed from time of GA to death or last follow-up. Cox regression was used to estimate associations of 1-year mortality, first using a base model (age, race, cancer stage, cancer risk group, and planned chemotherapy), then using all significant predictors from the univariable analyses, and finally only those identified in survival tree analysis. RESULTS A total of 478 participants met eligibility, with a mean age of 70 years. The survival tree analysis identified nutrition, cancer stage, physical and emotional health, age, and functional status as predictors of mortality. Older patients without malnutrition or depression had the best 1-year survival, whereas those with malnutrition, stage IV disease, and functional limitations had the worst 1-year survival. Our base model demonstrated good discrimination (area under curve [AUC] 0.76) but was improved with the addition of GA variables (AUC 0.82) or from survival tree analysis (AUC 0.82). CONCLUSION Measures of function, nutrition, and mental health are important predictors of mortality in older adults with GI cancers. Using GA as part of clinical management can aid in the prediction of survival and help inform treatment decision making.
Natural History of Brachial Plexus, Peripheral Nerve, and Spinal Schwannomas
Authors: Lubelski Daniel , Pennington Zach , Ochuba Arinze , Azad Tej D. , Mansouri Alireza , Blakeley Jaishri , Belzberg Allan J. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Management of sporadic schwannomas is often dictated by a patient's clinical presentation and the tumor's behavior. For patients who are managed nonsurgically, there are little data available about the expected natural history.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the natural history and growth patterns of extracranial schwannomas including tumors of the distal peripheral nerves, spine, and brachial plexus.

METHODS:
A retrospective review was performed to identify patients with nonsyndromic extracranial schwannomas at a single tertiary care institution diagnosed between 2002 and 2019. Patient data and tumor characteristics including volume were recorded.

RESULTS:
Two hundred twenty-seven patients were identified (mean age 51 years, 42% male, average of 27.8-month follow-up). Tumor location was distal peripheral nerve in 82, brachial plexus in 36, and paraspinal in 109. At the time of diagnosis, peripheral lesions were significantly larger than spinal (59 m3 vs 13 cm3) and brachial plexus lesions (15 cm3). Distinct growth patterns were seen with both distal peripheral nerve and spinal lesions; 34/82 peripheral nerve lesions had fast growth (β = 0.176%/day), and 48 had slow growth (β = 0.021%/day; P < .01). Spinal schwannomas similarly had 30 fast-growing (β = 0.229%/day), 16 moderate-growing (β = 0.071%/day), and 63 slow-growing (β = 0.022%/day; P = .03) subtypes. The brachial plexus had relatively homogeneous growth patterns (β = 0.065%/day). Females had 2.9 times greater odds of having the fast-growing subtype.

CONCLUSION:
Distinct growth patterns were seen in extracranial sporadic schwannomas based on tumor location and patient demographics. Fast (>80% volume change per year) vs slow (5%-10% per year) tumor growth can often be ascertained within 2 follow-up images. Awareness of these patterns might have implications for patient counseling and therapeutic decision-making.
External Validation of the HATCH (Hemorrhage, Age, Treatment, Clinical State, Hydrocephalus) Score for Prediction of Functional Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Maldaner Nicolai , Visser Victoria , Hostettler Isabel Charlotte , Bijlenga Philippe , Haemmerli Julien , Roethlisberger Michel , Guzman Raphael , Daniel Roy Thomas , Giammattei Lorenzo , Stienen Martin Nikolaus , Regli Luca , Verbaan Dagmar , Post René , Germans Menno Robbert 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:The Hemorrhage, Age, Treatment, Clinical State, Hydrocephalus (HATCH) Score has previously shown to predict functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).OBJECTIVE:To validate the HATCH score.METHODS:This is a pooled cohort study including prospective collected data on 761 patients with aSAH from 4 different hospitals. The HATCH score for prediction of functional outcome was validated using calibration and discrimination analysis (area under the curve). HATCH score model performance was compared with the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies and Barrow Neurological Institute score.RESULTS:At the follow-up of at least 6 months, favorable (Glasgow Outcome Score 4-5) and unfavorable functional outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Score 1-3) were observed in 512 (73%) and 189 (27%) patients, respectively. A higher HATCH score was associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcome with a score of 1 showing a risk of 1.3% and a score of 12 yielding a risk of 67%. External validation showed a calibration intercept of −0.07 and slope of 0.60 with a Brier score of 0.157 indicating good model calibration and accuracy. With an area under the curve of 0.81 (95% CI 0.77-0.84), the HATCH score demonstrated superior discriminative ability to detect favorable outcome at follow-up compared with the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies and Barrow Neurological Institute score with 0.72 (95% CI 0.67-0.75) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.59-0.68), respectively.CONCLUSION:This multicenter external validation analysis confirms the HATCH score to be a strong independent predictor for functional outcome. Its incorporation into daily practice may be of benefit for goal-directed patient care in aSAH.