bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bearing variant alleles at uridine glucuronosyltransferase polymorphisms UGT2B7 -161C&gt;T (rs7668258) or UGT1A4*3 c.142T&gt;G (rs2011425) has no relevant consequences for lamotrigine troughs in adults with epilepsy
Authors: Božina Nada , Sporiš Ivana Šušak , Domjanović Iva Klarica , Ganoci Lana , Šimičević Livija , Lovrić Mila , Romić Zrinka Čolak , Gadže Željka Petelin , Trkulja Vladimir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose. To estimate whether epilepsy patients with variant UGT2B7 -161C>T(rs7668258) or UGT1A4*3 c.142T>G(rs2011425) alleles differ from their wild-type (wt) peers in exposure to lamotrigine.
Methods. Consecutive adults on lamotrigine monotherapy or lamotrigine+valproate co-treatment undergoing routine therapeutic drug monitoring, otherwise generally healthy and free of interacting drugs, were genotyped for UGT2B7 -161C>T and UGT1A4*3 c.142T>G. Heterozygous, variant homozygous, or combined heterozygous/variant homozygous subjects were compared to their wt controls for dose-adjusted lamotrigine troughs with adjustment for age, sex, body weight, rs7668258/rs2011425, polymorphisms of efflux transporter proteins ABCG2 c.421C>A (rs2231142) and ABCB1 1236C>T (rs1128503), and level of exposure to valproate using covariate entropy balancing.
Results. Of the 471 included patients, 328 (69.6%) were on monotherapy and 143 were co-treated with valproate. Dose-adjusted lamotrigine troughs in UGT2B7 -161C>T heterozygous (CT, n=237) or variant homozygous (TT, n=115) subjects were closely similar to those in their wt controls (CC, n=119): geometric means ratios (GMRs) (frequentist and Bayes) 1.00 (95%CI 0.86-1.16) and 1.00 (95%CrI 0.83-1.22) for CT vs. CC; and 0.97 (0.81-1.17) and 0.97 (0.80-1.20) for TT vs. CC subjects. Lamotrigine troughs were also closely similar in UGT1A4*3 c.142T>G variant carriers [n=106: 102 TG + 4 GG subjects) and wt controls (TT, n=365): GMR= 0.95 (0.81-1.12) frequentist, 0.96 (0.80-1.16) Bayes. GMRs for variant carriers vs. wt controls were around unity also at different levels of exposure to valproate.
Conclusion. Dose-adjusted lamotrigine troughs in epilepsy patients with variant UGT2B7 -161C>T or UGT1A4*3 c.142T>G alleles are equivalent to those in their respective wt peers.
Long-term High Level of Insulin Resistance Increase the Prevalence of Coronary Artery Calcification: the CARDIA study
Authors: Ke Zezhi , Huang Rihua , Xu Xinghao , Liu Wenbin , Wang Suisui , Zhang Xu , Guo Ye , Zhuang Xiaodong , Liao Lizhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery calcification is a key marker of subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Understanding its related risk factors is conducive to prevention in youths. Seldom studies revealed the relationship between long-term insulin resistance (IR) trajectory and CAC. We aimed to study whether the long-term IR time series of young adults are associated with incident CAC in mid-age.
Methods: In a cohort study of 2777 individuals from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), we calculated the homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) as the index of the IR level of each individual and used group-based trajectory modeling to fit three 25-year HOMA-IR trajectories (low, moderate, and high level). CAC was scored by the Agatston method and CAC score >0 was defined as a CAC event. The relationship between three HOMA-IR trajectories and CAC events at year 25 was evaluated by logistic regression after full adjustment.
Results: Among 2777 participants (mean age: 50.10 ± 3.58, 56.2% were women, and 46.4% were black), there were 780 incident CAC events after a 25-year follow-up. After full adjustment, the prevalence of CAC was higher in the moderate [OR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.08-1.75), P =0.010] and the high level HOMA-IR trajectories [OR (95% CI): 1.79 (1.17-2.73), P =0.007] than in the low level trajectory. And this association is not modified by obesity status.
Conclusions: Young adults with a higher level of IR were associated with an increased prevalence of CAC in middle age. This association was independent of obesity status, but it was more significant in the obese. Indicating that it was valuable to identify subclinical cardiovascular risk factors and primary prevention.
Risk Factors for Endometrial Hyperplasia and Cancer in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Al-Zahrawi Hospital
Authors: jeha Mohamad , sakka Kanaan AL 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aim and background:
The study aims to detrmaine the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in patient with abnormal uterine bleeding and thus early diagnositric investigations to detect the disease and limit its development
Methods:
The study sample includes women attending AL-zhrawi Hospital with acomplaint of abnormal uterine bleeding and who fulfilled the entry criteria. The women in the sample were divided according to the result of the pathological autopsy into :
The first group “control group” : it the the group that showed normal endometrioses by histopathology .
The second group “cases group” : it is divided into two categories: the first category it is the group that showed endometrial hyperplasia through histopathology.
The second category : the category that showed the presence of endometrial cancer through histopathology.
Results:
The mean age in the endometrial cancer group was 58.6 ± 6.5 years, the BMI value was expressed as the arithmetic mean of values for each group, and the highest mean in the cancer group was 28.75 kg/m2. The differences between the endometrial and control groups and the two hyperplastic groups The control is statistically significant with a P value of 0.001, and 60% of endometrial cancer patients were in menopause, and this is associated with hormonal changes accompanying the age of transition to menopause, and 45% of them were not giving birth. 35% of patients with cancer were found in this study. Endometriosis have diabetes, and this value was statistically significant compared to the control group with (P<0.05), and arterial hypertension was recorded in 80% of our patients, and it was statistically significant (P<0.05), a family history was found. of endometrial cancer in 50% of endometrial cancer patients, and half of the cases were in the mother and the other half in the sister.
Conclusion:
In this study, according to the set conditions, 123 women suffering from abnormal uterine bleeding were recruited. The number of diagnosed endometrial cancer cases was 20, and each of the following factors was statistically significant for the development of endometrial cancer: advanced age - high BMI - early puberty - anuria - female childbirth - the presence of a family history of endometrial cancer - diabetes mellitus - High arterial pressure, while the following factors were not statistically significant: Increased number of births - Intensity of vaginal bleeding
Characterization of rutin extracted and purified by different methods from leafy by-products of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
Authors: Chitrakar Bimal , Hou Yakun , Devahastin Sakamon , Zhang Min , Sang Yaxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Valorization of asparagus leafy by-products as a potential source of rutin through selected extraction and purification protocols was investigated. Protocol resulting in the highest extraction yield was first selected. Crude extract was subject to purification via multiple liquid-liquid back extraction using ethanol, methanol or water as a solvent; selection of the most appropriate purification solvent was made, based on rutin solubility. The proposed purification protocol yielded yellow-color crystals, which were characterized by fluorescence microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to confirm them as rutin. Purity of rutin was confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography at 97.6%; yield of the purified rutin was determined to be 78.2%. The remaining rutin (21.8%) was found in the liquids collected at various stages of purification; such liquids could be recycled using the same purification process. The proposed protocols are simple, yet effective for rutin extraction and purification from asparagus leafy by-products.
Tuning the size and concentration of functional molecules coated onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles for efficient therapeutic protein delivery
Authors: Esmaeilnejad-Ahranjani Parvaneh , Maboudi Sayed Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, the importance of the size and concentration of binding sites in mesoporous nanostructures on their performance for protein delivery is reported. Various types of carboxyl-functionalized mesoporous silica (MS) nanoparticles, i.e., SA(x)-MS, PA1(x)-MS and PA2(x)-MS, where x = 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg, were synthesized by using succinic anhydride (SA) and polyacrylic acid with two molecular weights (i.e., 1800 (PA1) and 100000 (PA2)), respectively. The particles were thoroughly characterized by TGA, FTIR, STEM and zeta potential measurement techniques and then, their biomedical performance was investigated by using a model therapeutic protein, lysozyme. The carboxyl functional molecules concentration (CCOOH) on the particles was increased as a function of the functional molecules type and quantity in the synthesis reaction environment. The maximum CCOOH values were recorded for SA(10)-MS, PA1(15)-MS and PA2(15)-MS, being 827, 1662 and 2137 µmol.g− 1, respectively. However, SA(10)-MS, PA1(15)-MS and PA2(10)-MS particles led to the highest lysozyme loading yield values of 63.1, 90.0 and 71.5% as well as the loading capacities of 631, 900 and 715 mg.g− 1, respectively. The controlled lysozyme release rate and some protein conformational changes favored the in vitro antibacterial activity of lysozyme molecules carried by the particles, which followed the order of PA1(15)-MS > PA2(10)-MS > SA(10)-MS.
Up-regulation of SAMHD1 gene construction of a prognosis biomarker for survival and prognostic in breast invasive carcinoma
Authors: Hua Hujia , Jiang Xingyu , Jiang Mingfeng , Qian Li , Cai Liangliang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: SAMHD1 is an important intracellular dNTP triphosphate hydrolase and may play a role in the regulation of innate immune responses. Studies have found that SAMHD1 is mutated in many tumors and has functional significance. However, however, the impact of the SAMHD1 gene on breast invasive carcinoma is unclear.
Methods:The RNA expression, variance analysis, copy number alteration and the clinical features, prognostic value of SAMHD1 gene in BRCA patients was evaluated using TCGA data. Pathway enrichment analysis of SAMHD1 gene was conducted using the R package cluster Profiler. In addition, we deeply explored the interaction between SAMHD1 gene and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (iTME) at the BRCA patients.
Results: SAMHD1 gene expression was substantially lower in BRCA patients than normal. High SAMHD1 gene expression predicted worse long-term survival in BRCA patients. We also proved that SAMHD1 gene expression was positively correlated with the immune checkpoint genes, DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, and CD8+ T cell effector genes.
Conclusions: Our results revealed that overexpression SAMHD1 gene lead to poor survival and construction of prognostic marker in BRCA patients.
Survey and population fluctuation on phytophagous mites infesting tomatoes and Pepper at Qena governorate in Egypt
Authors: Mohamed A.S. M. , Abou-Shosha M. A. A. , Mowafi M. H. , Allah A. A. Abd , Mahmoud N. A. , Abdel-mageed M. A. , Yousef Ahmed Fathy , Jaber Mohammed Y. M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Survey and population fluctuation of phytophagous mites were carried out during two successive years (2013/2014) and (2014/2015) in four localities (Qena, Kaft, El waqf and Nag Hmady) at Qena governorate on mites associated with tomatoes(Lycopersicon esculentum) and Pepper (Capsicum annum); the results revealed that, nine mites species belonging to( Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae, Eriophyidae and Tarsonemidae) were recorded infesting tomatoes and Pepper also the study indicated that, the population fluctuation of these mites recorded high population in September of the summer season 2014 and 2015 with average 153.25 and 146.75 individuals / 25 leaves respectively on tomatoes plant; while in the winter season were high population in February and December 2014 with average 76 and 137.75 individuals / 25 leaves respectively on the same plants. in pepper plants, the population of mites was a very low number compared with tomato plants in the summer and winter seasons it were 15.5 individuals / 25 leaves in March 2015 and 13.50 individuals / 25 leaves in February 2014. The results were a significant correlation between phytophagous mites, Temperature and relative humidity.
Metaverse-based social skills training program for children with autism spectrum disorder to improve social interaction ability: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee JooHyun , Lee Tae Seon , Yoo Su Young , Lee Seung Woo , Jang Ji Hye , Choi Ye jin , Park Yu Rang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by abnormalities in social interactions and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Children with high-functioning ASD (HFASD) who lack social communication skills do not interact with others and lack peer relationships.
Objective
This study aimed to develop a metaverse-based social skills training program to improve the social skills of children with HFASD aged 7–12 years and verify the effectiveness of the program developed through a randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Method
This single-blind RCT was conducted on children aged 7–12 years with ASD with an IQ ≥ 90. A total of 15 children were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in the metaverse-based social skills training program once a week for 60 min per session for four weeks. The control group received no intervention.
Results
Overall, 15 children (median [IQR] age, intervention group: 9.0 [8.0–10.0)]; control group: 8.5 (8.0–10.0) participated in the program. The intervention group included nine participants (60%), and the control group included six (40%). In the results of the intervention effect to evaluate children’s sociality, and emotional and behavioral problems in the pre- and post-interventions between the intervention and control groups, significant effect size was reported in the total score of SRS-2 (r, 0.49; 95% CI: 0.06–0.84), interpersonal problems in the CDI (r, 0.45; 95% CI: 0.05–0.75), anxiety and depression in the K-CBCL (r, 0.43; 95% CI: 0.06–0.78).
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized clinical trial to demonstrate a metaverse-based social skills training program for children with HFASD. Our findings suggest that children with HFASD can be educated on real-life social situations to improve sociality and reduce emotional and behavioral problems. The results of this study can be extended and applied to target groups who have difficulty interacting with peers offline.
Trial Registration
CRIS Registration Number; KCT0006859
Isolation for the Antioxidant Activity of Metabolites from Lactobacillus sp. A-2
Authors: Ding Lin , Guo Hao , Yang Wen-qin , Luo Xun-bang , Zang Chuan-gang , Liu Yu-chao , Zhang Jie , Guan Hong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the study, the preparation of metabolites by fermentation of Lactobacillus sp. A-2 in the desalted whey protein powder medium, separation of Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites using a Diethylaminoethyl-Sephacel column (2.6 × 50 cm) and a dextran gel (Sephadex-G15) column (1.6 × 100 cm). The antioxidant activity of fractions was evaluated by the 2,2-biazo-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) method and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites were isolated and purified to obtain two antioxidant active fractions DF1-1 and DEF1-1, with IC50 values of 1.21 mg/mL and 1.98 mg/mL for ABTS cation free radical scavenging activity and relative ORAC values of 257.8 µmol Trolox/g and 267.3 µmol Trolox/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the molecular mass distribution of peptides in the components of DF1, DF1-1, DEF1 and DEF1-1, as a result, the components DEF1-1 contained more peptides.
Construction of an Immunogenic Cell Death-Related LncRNA Signature to Predict the Prognosis of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Shuaishuai , Huang Lixia , Li Shaoli , Gu Jincui , Lin Ziying , Qiu Yanli , Deng Jiating , Chen Simin , Su Yan , Xu Xiongye , Liu Baomo , Zhou Yanbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground LUAD is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. This study aimed to construct an immunogenic cell death (ICD)-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature to effectively predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. Methods The RNA-sequencing and clinical data of LUAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to screen the ICD-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis. Then, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were utilized to construct an ICD-related lncRNA signature. The reliability of the signature was evaluated in the training, validation and whole cohorts. In addition, the differences in the immune landscape and drug sensitivity between the low-risk and high-risk groups were analyzed. Finally, reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of the selected ICD-related lncRNAs in cell lines. Results A signature consisting of 5 ICD-related lncRNAs was constructed. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients in the high-risk group was significantly shorter than that of patients in the low-risk group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the signature had good predictive ability. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the signature was an independent prognostic factor in LUAD. Moreover, the high-risk group had a lower level of antitumor immunity and was less sensitive to some chemotherapeutics and targeted drugs. Finally, the expression level of the selected ICD-related lncRNAs was validated in cell lines by qPCR. Conclusions In this study, an ICD-related lncRNA signature was constructed, which could accurately predict the prognosis of LUAD patients and guide clinical treatment.
Exosomes derived from Schistosoma japonicum Cystatin treated macrophages attenuated CLP-induced sepsis in mice
Authors: Huang Feifei , Qian Yayun , Li Huihui , Chu Liang , Wan Chen , Shen Qili , Li Qianqian , Li Xiuxiu , Wu Xinyue , Zhan Bin , Zhou Rui , Dong Huaifu , Yang Xiaodi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground Sepsis is a disease caused by multiple microbial infections resulting in excessive immune activation and multiple organ failure.Schistosoma japonicumcystatin (Sj-Cys) is a cysteine protease inhibitor and strong immunomodulator that stimulates M2 macrophages and alleviates inflammatory damage caused by sepsis. We would like to investigate whether exosomes derived from Sj-Cys treated macrophages convey the anti-inflammatory responses to mice with sepsis. Methods RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with rSj-Cys (2 µg/mL) for 48 h, the exosomes were obtained from the cell culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscope, flow cytometry and Western blot assay. Sepsis was induced in BALB/c mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice with CLP-induced sepsis were treated with exosomes via intraperitoneal injection (10 µg/mouse). The therapeutic effect of exosomes on sepsis was assessed by observing the survival rate of mice up to 72 hours after CLP surgery and by measuring serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, liver/kidney damage biomarkers alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) in sera and observing pathological changes in tissue sections. The tissue levels of M1(iNOS), M2 (Arg-1) macrophage surface markers and TRL2/MyD88 were measured to explore possible mechanisms. Results Exosomes derived fromSj-Cys-treated macrophages exhibited significant therapeutic effect on CLP-induced sepsis in mice with prolonged survival rate and less damage of critical organs by down-regulating the pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor TGF-β. The therapeutic effect of exosomes is associated with macrophage polarization from M1 (iNOS+) to M2 (Arg-1+) in infected tissues via down-regulating TRL2/MyD88 inflammatory pathway. Conclusions Exosomes derived fromSj-Cys-treated macrophages attenuated sepsis in mice through promoting macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 and reducing inflammatory responses, possibly via down-regulating TLR2/MyD88 inflammatory signaling pathway.
Accelerated mineral carbonation of coarse residue kimberlite material by inoculation with photosynthetic microbial mats
Authors: Jones Thomas Ray , Poitras Jordan , Gagen Emma , Paterson David , Southam Gordon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microbiological weathering of coarse residue deposit (CRD) kimberlite produced by the Venetia Diamond Mine, Limpopo, South Africa enhanced mineral carbonation relative to untreated material. Cultures of photosynthetically enriched biofilm produced maximal carbonation conditions when mixed with kimberlite and incubated under near surface conditions. Interestingly, mineral carbonation also occurred in the dark, under water-saturated conditions. The examination of mineralized biofilms in ca. 150 µm-thick-sections using light microscopy, X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) and backscatter electron – scanning election microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy demonstrated that microbiological weathering aided in producing secondary Ca/Mg carbonates on silicate grain boundaries. Calcium/magnesium sulphate(s) precipitated under vadose conditions demonstrating that evaporites formed upon drying. In this system, mineral carbonation was only observed in regions possessing bacteria, preserved within carbonate as cemented microcolonies. 16S rDNA molecular diversity of bacteria in kimberlite and in natural biofilms growing on kimberlite were dominated by Proteobacteria that are active in N, P and S cycling. Photosynthetic enrichment cultures provided with N & P (nutrients) to enhance growth, possessed increased diversity of bacteria, with Proteobacteria re-establishing themselves as the dominant bacterial lineage when incubated under dark, vadose conditions consistent with natural kimberlite. Overall, 16S rDNA analyses revealed that weathered kimberlite hosts a diverse microbiome consistent with soils, metal cycling and hydrocarbon degradation. Enhanced weathering and carbonate-cemented microcolonies demonstrate that microorganisms are key to mineral carbonation of kimberlite.
Identification Of Self-incompatibility Alleles in aromatic, Scab Resisitant Apple Cultivars For Use In Breeding Programmes
Authors: Biaza Biaza , Malik A. Raouf , Zargar Sajad Majeed , Mushtaq Rafiya , Irtiza Irtiza , Wani Sajad Mohd , Banday Saba , Wani Owais Ali , Javaid Kounser 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The study reported 14 diploid cultivars, 2 triploids and a single S allele in 4 partially genotyped cultivars. Frequency analysis reported the highest diversity of allele S9, followed by S3, S2, S10, S28, S1, S5, S7, and S23 in decreasing order. Consequently, three incompatibility groups were framed, which comprised of 2 completely incompatible groups, 76 partially compatible combinations and 106 completely compatible pollination. Six possible cross combinations can be formulated from 4 partially genotyped cultivars comprising. The compilation shall be helpful for formulating breeding programs without facing the issue of incompatibility, creation of aromatic apple hybrids, and proper orchard planning.