bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact tracing reveals community transmission of COVID-19 in New York City
Authors: Pei Sen , Kandula Sasikiran , Cascante Vega Jaime , Yang Wan , Foerster Steffen , Thompson Corinne , Baumgartner Jennifer , Ahuja Shama Desai , Blaney Kathleen , Varma Jay K. , Long Theodore , Shaman Jeffrey 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission within and among communities is critical for tailoring public health policies to local context. However, analysis of community transmission is challenging due to a lack of high-resolution surveillance and testing data. Here, using contact tracing records for 644,029 cases and their contacts in New York City during the second pandemic wave, we provide a detailed characterization of the operational performance of contact tracing and reconstruct exposure and transmission networks at individual and ZIP code scales. We find considerable heterogeneity in reported close contacts and secondary infections and evidence of extensive transmission across ZIP code areas. Our analysis reveals the spatial pattern of SARS-CoV-2 spread and communities that are tightly interconnected by exposure and transmission. We find that locations with higher vaccination coverage and lower numbers of visitors to points-of-interest had reduced within- and cross-ZIP code transmission events, highlighting potential measures for curtailing SARS-CoV-2 spread in urban settings.
Switchable half-metallicity in A-type antiferromagnetic NiI2 bilayer coupled with ferroelectric In2Se3
Authors: Wang Yaping , Xu Xinguang , Zhao Xian , Ji Weixiao , Cao Qiang , Li Shengshi , Li Yanlu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrically controlled half-metallicity in antiferromagnets is of great significance for both fundamental research and practical application. Here, by constructing van der Waals heterostructures composed of two-dimensional (2D) A-type antiferromagnetic NiI2 bilayer (bi-NiI2) and ferroelectric In2Se3 with different thickness, we propose that the half-metallicity is realizable and switchable in the bi-NiI2 proximate to In2Se3 bilayer (bi-In2Se3). The polarization flipping of the bi-In2Se3 successfully drives transition between half-metal and semiconductor for the bi-NiI2. This intriguing phenomenon is attributed to the joint effect of polarization field-induced energy band shift and interfacial charge transfer. Besides, the easy magnetization axis of the bi-NiI2 is also dependent on the polarization direction of the bi-In2Se3. The half-metallicity and magnetic anisotropy energy of the bi-NiI2 in heterostructure can be effectively manipulated by strain. These findings provide not only a feasible strategy to achieve and control half-metallicity in 2D antiferromagnets, but also a promising candidate to design advanced nanodevices.
Slipping mechanics during walking along curved paths depend on the biomechanical context at slip onset
Authors: Rasmussen Corbin M. , Curtze Carolin , Mukherjee Mukul , Hunt Nathaniel H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurvilinear walking is common, causing limb- and radius-dependent asymmetries that distinguish it from straight walking and elevated friction demands that increase slip-and-fall risk. However, it is unclear how aspects of curvilinear walking influence the slip perturbations experienced. We cross-sectionally examined how three biomechanical slip contexts (slip onset phase, slipped foot relative to the path, path radius) influence slip direction, distance, and peak velocity. Eighteen young adults experienced unconstrained inside or outside foot slips during early, mid-, or late stance while following 1.0- or 2.0-m radius semicircular paths. We derived slip mechanics from motion-capture data and assessed their dependence on slip context using mixed-effects models. As slip onset phase progressed, slip directions exhibited an anterior-to-posterior transition, shortened mediolaterally, and accelerated anteroposteriorly. The slipped foot modified the direction transition, with inside and outside foot slips moving contralaterally and ipsilaterally, respectively. Inside foot slips were shorter and slower mediolaterally and longer anteroposteriorly than outside foot slips. Increasing path radius caused slips with greater mediolateral direction components. We show a range of context-dependent slips are possible, likely due to instantaneous magnitudes and orientations of shear ground reaction forces. Our results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of walking slips, which fall prevention methods can leverage.
Exploring the In situ pairing of human galectins toward synthetic O-mannosylated core M1 glycopeptides of α-dystroglycan
Authors: Villones Lareno L. , Ludwig Anna-Kristin , Kumeta Hiroyuki , Kikuchi Seiya , Ochi Rika , Aizawa Tomoyasu , Nishimura Shin-Ichiro , Gabius Hans-Joachim , Hinou Hiroshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDystroglycan (DG), which constitutes a part of the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex, connects the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. The matriglycans presented by the extracellular α-DG serve as a contact point with extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) containing laminin G-like domains, providing cellular stability. However, it remains unknown whether core M1 (GlcNAcβ1-2Man) structures can serve as ligands among the various O-Mannosylated glycans. Therefore, based on the presence of N-acetylLactosamine (LacNAc) in this glycan following the core extension, the binding interactions with adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins were explored. To elucidate this process, the interaction between galectin (Gal)-1, -3, -4 and -9 with α-DG fragment 372TRGAIIQTPTLGPIQPTRV390 core M1-based glycopeptide library were profiled, using glycan microarray and nuclear magnetic resonance studies. The binding of galectins was revealed irrespective of its modular architecture, adding galectins to the list of possible binding partners of α-DG core M1 glycoconjugates by cis-binding (via peptide- and carbohydrate-protein interactions), which can be abrogated by α2,3-sialylation of the LacNAc units. The LacNAc-terminated α-DG glycopeptide interact simultaneously with both the S- and F-faces of Gal-1, thereby inducing oligomerization. Furthermore, Gal-1 can trans-bridge α-DG core M1 structures and laminins, which proposed a possible mechanism by which Gal-1 ameliorates muscular dystrophies; however, this proposal warrants further investigation.
Leveraging patient derived models of FGFR2 fusion positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to identify synergistic therapies
Authors: Lidsky Michael E. , Wang Zechen , Lu Min , Liu Annie , Hsu S. David , McCall Shannon J. , Sheng Zhecheng , Granek Joshua A. , Owzar Kouros , Anderson Karen S. , Wood Kris C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains a deadly malignancy lacking systemic therapies for advanced disease. Recent advancements include selective FGFR1–3 inhibitors for the 15% of ICC patients harboring fusions, although survival is limited by poor response and resistance. Herein we report generation of a patient-derived FGFR2 fusion-positive ICC model system consisting of a cell line, organoid, and xenograft, which have undergone complete histologic, genomic, and phenotypic characterization, including testing standard-of-care systemic therapies. Using these FGFR2 fusion-positive ICC models, we conducted an unbiased high-throughput small molecule screen to prioritize combination strategies with FGFR inhibition, from which HDAC inhibition together with pemigatinib was validated in vitro and in vivo as a synergistic therapy for ICC. Additionally, we demonstrate broad utility of the FGFR/HDAC combination for other FGFR fusion-positive solid tumors. These data are directly translatable and justify early phase trials to establish dosing, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of this synergistic combination.
Self-organized quantum dots in marginally twisted MoSe2/WSe2 and MoS2/WS2 bilayers
Authors: Enaldiev V. V. , Ferreira F. , McHugh J. G. , Fal’ko Vladimir I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMoiré superlattices in twistronic heterostructures are a powerful tool for materials engineering. In marginally twisted (small misalignment angle, θ) bilayers of nearly lattice-matched two-dimensional (2D) crystals moiré patterns take the form of domains of commensurate stacking, separated by a network of domain walls (NoDW) with strain hot spots at the NoDW nodes. Here, we show that, for type-II transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers MoX2/WX2 (X=S, Se), the hydrostatic strain component in these hot spots creates quantum dots for electrons and holes. We investigate the electron/hole states bound by such objects, discussing their manifestations via the intralayer intraband infrared transitions. The electron/hole confinement, which is strongest for θ < 0.5°, leads to a red-shift of their recombination line producing single-photon emitters (SPE) broadly tuneable around 1 eV by misalignment angle. These self-organized dots can form in bilayers with both aligned and inverted MoX2 and WX2 unit cells, emitting photons with different polarizations. We also find that the hot spots of strain reduce the intralayer MoX2 A-exciton energy, enabling selective population of the quantum dot states.
Adsorption of oleic acid on magnetite facets
Authors: Creutzburg Marcus , Konuk Mine , Tober Steffen , Chung Simon , Arndt Björn , Noei Heshmat , Meißner Robert H. , Stierle Andreas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe microscopic understanding of the atomic structure and interaction at carboxylic acid/oxide interfaces is an important step towards tailoring the mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials assembled from metal oxide nanoparticles functionalized by organic molecules. We have studied the adsorption of oleic acid (C17H33COOH) on the most prominent magnetite (001) and (111) crystal facets at room temperature using low energy electron diffraction, surface X-ray diffraction and infrared vibrational spectroscopy complemented with molecular dynamics simulations used to infer specific hydrogen bonding motifs between oleic acid and oleate. Our experimental and theoretical results give evidence that oleic acid adsorbs dissociatively on both facets at lower coverages. At higher coverages, the more pronounced molecular adsorption causes hydrogen bond formation between the carboxylic groups, leading to a more upright orientation of the molecules on the (111) facet in conjunction with the formation of a denser layer, as compared to the (001) facet. This is evidenced by the C=O double bond infrared line shape, in depth molecular dynamics bond angle orientation and hydrogen bond analysis, as well as X-ray reflectivity layer electron density profile determination. Such a higher density can explain the higher mechanical strength of nanocomposite materials based on magnetite nanoparticles with larger (111) facets.
Contrasting sea ice conditions shape microbial food webs in Hudson Bay (Canadian Arctic)
Authors: Jacquemot Loïc , Vigneron Adrien , Tremblay Jean-Éric , Lovejoy Connie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The transition from ice-covered to open water is a recurring feature of the Arctic and sub-Arctic, but microbial diversity and cascading effects on the microbial food webs is poorly known. Here, we investigated microbial eukaryote, bacterial and archaeal communities in Hudson Bay (sub-Arctic, Canada) under sea-ice cover and open waters conditions. Co-occurrence networks revealed a &lt;3 µm pico‒phytoplankton-based food web under the ice and a &gt;3 µm nano‒microphytoplankton-based food web in the open waters. The ice-edge communities were characteristic of post-bloom conditions with high proportions of the picophytoplankton Micromonas and Bathycoccus. Nano‒ to micro‒phytoplankton and ice associated diatoms were detected throughout the water column, with the sympagic Melosira arctica exclusive to ice-covered central Hudson Bay and Thalassiosira in open northwestern Hudson Bay. Heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes and prokaryotes also differed by ice-state, suggesting a linkage between microbes at depth and surface phytoplankton bloom state. The findings suggest that a longer open water season may favor the establishment of a large phytoplankton-based food web at the subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM), increasing carbon export from pelagic diatoms to deeper waters and affect higher trophic levels in the deep Hudson Bay.
Fall detection based on OpenPose and MobileNetV2 network
Authors: Gao Mengqi , Li Jiangjiao , Zhou Dazheng , Zhi Yumin , Zhang Mingliang , Li Bin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe proposed fall detection approach is aimed at building a support system for the elders. In this work, a method based on human pose estimation and lightweight neural network is used to detect falls. First, the OpenPose is used to extract human keypoints and label them in the images. After that, the modified MobileNetV2 network is used to detect falls by integrating both human keypoint information and pose information in the original images. The above operation can use the original image information to correct the deviation in the keypoint labeling process. Through experiments, the accuracy of the proposed method is 98.6% and 99.75% on the UR and Le2i datasets, which is higher than the listed comparison methods.
Evidences in Uterine Artery Embolization: A Radiologist's Primer
Authors: Bellala Pavankumar , Valakkada Jineesh , Ayyappan Anoop , Kumar Santhosh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUterine artery embolization is an established minimally invasive therapy for symptomatic fibroids. It has also been used for other diseases of the uterus, including adenomyosis, uterine arteriovenous malformation, ectopic pregnancy, abnormal invasive placenta, and postpartum hemorrhage. In this review, we provide an updated and comprehensive review of uterine artery embolization based on the evidence published. We review the indications, the role of MRI, technical aspects, and complications of the procedure. The issues with a future pregnancy, risk of infertility, and fetal radiation are discussed as well.
Algae-mediated synthesis of biogenic nanoparticles
Authors: Jain A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In recent era, green trend of synthesising biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) is a sustainable, safe, environment-friendly, and relatively inexpensive substitute to conservative routes of NPs making. Biosynthesis route showcases significant properties such as the absence of poisonous chemical compounds used as stabilising or reducing agents, lack of toxic yields generated from the process, reduced energy consumption, inexpensiveness, and high scalability. This has made green synthesis methods more attractive than other traditional methods. Synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs) using algae extracts is a substantiating ecological, simple, low-priced biosynthesis process. The secondary metabolites from algae have been reported to reduce metal precursors to nanoparticles (metal, metal oxide, or bimetallic NPs). Moreover, they cap and stabilise. Depending on the site of NP formation, synthesis could occur intra or extra-cellularly. Among the varied series of algae mediated synthesis, the most commonly biosynthesised NPs are silver, gold, copper oxide, cuprous oxide and zinc oxide. The algal biosynthesised NPs have been reviewed for numerous biomedical applications, which comprise anti-cancerous, anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, bioremediation, and biosensing activities. The current review draws the major stress on the basis behind the algal-mediated biosynthesis of metallic and metallic oxide NPs from various algae. Furthermore, special attention to critical understanding of biosynthesis mechanism of NPs from algae and their biomedical applications has been reviewed critically.
High performance of magnetically separable and recyclable photocatalyst of green-synthesized CoFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites for degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Puspitarum Deska Lismawenning , Istiqomah Nurul Imani , Tumbelaka Rivaldo Marsel , Kusumaatmaja Ahmad , Oshima Daiki , Kato Takeshi , Suharyadi Edi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, combination of ferromagnetic and semiconductor CoFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites was synthesised using a green synthesis method with Moringa oleifera leaf extract to easily obtain a magnetically separated nanomaterial exhibiting high photocatalytic activity. Nanocomposites with different CoFe2O4/TiO2 molar ratios were identified using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and vibration sample magnetometer. The XRD spectrum confirmed the structure of the cubic spinel ferrite and anatase phases of CoFe2O4 and TiO2, respectively. The crystallite sizes of CoFe2O4, CoFe2O4/TiO2, and CoFe2O4/3TiO2 are 7.2 nm, 8.6 nm, and 11.1 nm, respectively. The magnetic hysteresis curve showed that CoFe2O4/TiO2 had a high saturation magnetisation of 27 emu g−1 and a coercivity of 200 Oe. The optical bandgap energy for CoFe2O4/TiO2 was in the range 3.6–3.8 eV. Photocatalytic investigations were carried out using methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation. Our results showed an increase in MB degradation with increasing TiO2 concentration. The maximum photodegradations using nanocomposites are 60.8%, 97.7%, 98.4%, 98.5%, and 98.7% at molar ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4, respectively, after 20 min. The increase in MB degradation was related to the formation of internal structures between CoFe2O4 and TiO2. The magnetic nanocomposites enabled separation between the photocatalyst and final degraded solution using a permanent magnet. When the degradation was above 90%, the nanocomposites could be recycled three times.
Multiferroic characteristics and microwave absorption properties of La1.5Sr0.5NiO4/BaTiO3 nanocomposites
Authors: Thanh Tran Dang , Lam Dao Son , Linh Dinh Chi , Khuyen Bui Xuan , Manh Do Hung , Dung Dang Duc , Thi Dung Nguyen , Thi Anh Xuan Chu , Tran Ngo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As-prepared samples of La1.5Sr0.5NiO4 (LSNO) and BaTiO3 (BTO) were prepared by ball milling method combined with heat treatment. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the pure phases of LSNO with a tetragonal structure and BTO with a cubic structure. Average crystalline sizes were 15 and 35 nm for the LSNO and BTO samples, respectively. Lattice parameters ​​of LSNO and BTO were almost unchanged after compositing, indicating no diffusion or chemical reaction between them during the compositing process. Adding LSNO to the BTO-based material significantly improved the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties, contributing to the enhancement of the electrical polarisation of the composites. These enhancements also boosted the microwave absorption performance of the composites. In detail, 20LSNO/80BTO nanocomposite embedded in acrylic paint could achieve the reflection loss up to −27 dB, meaning 99.8% of the incident microwave being absorbed. This absorber could also reach absorptivity over 60% for almost the whole range of the K
u band frequency, which proved that 20LSNO/80BTO nanocomposite could be used as a good microwave absorber for practical applications.
Realization of T
e0 > 10 keV long pulse operation over 100 s on EAST
Authors: GONG Xianzu , XU Liqing , QIAN Jinping , HUANG Juan , DING Rui , GAROFALO A M , EKEDAHL Annika , ZENG Long , LI Erzhong , ZHANG Bin , LIN Shiyao , SHEN Biao , WANG Mao , XU Handong , ZHANG Xinjun , LI Miaohui , ZUO Guizhong , ZANG Qing , LIU Haiqing , LYU Bo , WANG Liang , SUN Youwen , XU Guosheng , HU Jiansheng , YAO Damao , WU Yu , HU Liqun , XIAO Bingjia , XIANG Nong , LU Kun , SONG Yuntao , WAN Baonian , LI Jiangang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In 2021, EAST realized a steady-state long pulse with a duration over 100 s and a core electron temperature over 10 keV. This is an integrated operation that resolves several key issues, including active control of wall conditioning, long-lasting fully noninductive current and divertor heat/particle flux. The fully noninductive current is driven by pure radio frequency (RF) waves with a lower hybrid current drive power of 2.5 MW and electron cyclotron resonance heating of 1.4 MW. This is an excellent experimental platform on the timescale of hundreds of seconds for studying multiscale instabilities, electron-dominant transport and particle recycling (plasma-wall interactions) under weak collisionality.
Complexity of implementing a nationwide advance care planning program: results from a qualitative evaluation
Authors: Malhotra Chetna , Ramakrishnan Chandrika 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
We evaluated Singapore’s national advance care planning (ACP) program to understand challenges to its implementation within multiple clinical settings.

Methods
We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with a purposive sample of health care professionals (HCPs) involved in ACP program delivery within acute care hospitals, primary care clinics and nursing homes. FGDs were stratified into three categories based on HCPs’ role within the ACP framework—leaders versus facilitators and advocates versus nursing home heads. Using NVivo 11, we analysed data using thematic analysis and Conceptual Framework for Implementation Research.

Results
A total of 107 HCPs from 25 organisations participated in 22 FGDs. Findings revealed wide variation in ACP implementation among organisations and identified 12 themes organized within four domains—outer setting (lack of public awareness, shortcomings in inter-organisational partnerships, performance driven policies), inner setting (lack of commitment from organisational leadership, paucity of dedicated resources, absence of an institution-wide ACP culture, lack of physician engagement), characteristics of HCPs (language barriers) and process (inadequate training, complexity of conversations and documentations, challenges to retrieving ACP documents, absence of comprehensive monitoring and evaluation).

Conclusion
ACP program implementation is complex and faces multiple health care system challenges. To integrate ACP within routine clinical care, ACP processes should be simplified, training framework be strengthened, physicians be engaged and an ACP supportive culture be created within and outside organisations. Findings will be used to guide ACP implementation within the country and globally.