bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continental‐scale parameterization and prediction of leaf phenology for the North American forests
Authors: Fang Jing , Lutz James A. , Shugart Herman H. , Wang Leibin , Liu Feng , Yan Xiaodong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimLeaf phenology regulates multiple aspects of plant vital activities and provides feedback to climate change. Despite its importance, an effective parameterization method to predict continental‐scale leaf phenology has been elusive. Here, we aimed to develop a new parameterization method using local climatic conditions instead of species or plant functional types to calibrate the phenology parameters of forests.LocationNorth America.Time period1985–2016.Major taxa studiedForests.MethodsWe used the average temperature and photoperiod from the first day to the phenological date in a given year to express the climatic conditions. Using this parameterization method and the typical phenology models, we examined the predictions of start (SOS), end (EOS) and length (GSL) of the growing season with observations from 114 phenology cameras in North American forests. We extrapolated to the continental scale using satellite‐derived leaf area index product as a basis to predict the distribution and changes of forest leaf phenology.ResultsWe found that the optimum parameters could explain the 81%, 84% and 88% variation in SOS, EOS and GSL of the plot‐scale phenology, respectively. Continental‐scale results over the past decades showed that EOS was delayed by 1.6 days/decade and that GSL increased by 2.2 days/decade, but that there was no significant trend for SOS.Main conclusionsOur study provides strong empirical evidence that the phenology parameters vary with local climatic conditions, and this new parameterization method has potential application for predicting and evaluating future changes in continental‐scale phenology.
Assessment of functioning in Dutch primary care: Development study of a consultation tool for patients with chronic conditions and multimorbidity
Authors: Postma Simone , Schers Henk , van de Belt Tom , van Boven Kees , ten Napel Huib , Stappers Hugo , Gerritsen Debby , Olde Hartman Tim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn primary care, a shift from a disease‐oriented approach for patients with multimorbidity towards a more person‐centred approach is needed.AimTo transform a self‐report questionnaire for patients with chronic conditions in primary care, the Primary Care Functioning Scale (PCFS), into an understandable, visually attractive and feasible consultation tool for patients and health care providers. The consultation tool consists of a web‐based version of the PCFS, which is filled in by the patient and is processed to a feedback report that summarizes and visualizes the main findings. The feedback report can be discussed with the patient to facilitate a more person‐centred conversation for patients with chronic conditions and multimorbidity in general practice.Design and SettingIn this qualitative study, we developed the consultation tool by using design thinking in a participatory developmental process.MethodsIn the first phase, we constructed five different feedback report templates to summarize and display the results of a completed PCFS questionnaire in a series of two expert meetings with patients and general practitioners (GPs). In the second phase, we performed an exploratory qualitative interview study involving dyads of patients with chronic conditions and their practice nurses. In an iterative process, we explored their experiences with the consultation tool.ResultsPatients, as well as GPs, preferred a clear manner of presenting the results of the questionnaire in a feedback report. In 18 interviews with patients and practice nurses during three different interview rounds, we adjusted the feedback report and consultation tool based on the input from patients and practice nurses. After the final interview round, patients and practice nurses consented that the consultation tool was useful for having a more in‐depth consultation about functioning and patients' preferences when integrated into the regularly scheduled consultations.ConclusionWe were able to develop an understandable and feasible consultation tool that is applicable in already existing chronic disease management programmes in general practice in the Netherlands.Patient or Public ContributionTo increase the understandability and feasibility of the consultation tool, we collaborated with end‐users and actively involved patients, GPs and practice nurses in a participatory development process.
Efficacy of the opened legs position for protecting against postoperative rhabdomyolysis after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: A propensity score‐matched analysis of perioperative outcomes
Authors: Tsubouchi Kazuna , Gunge Naotaka , Tominaga Kosuke , Matsuzaki Hiroshi , Fujikawa Aiko , Emoto Taiki , Miyazaki Takeshi , Okabe Yu , Nakamura Nobuyuki , Kataoka Masao , Ogawa Soichiro , Akaihata Hidenori , Sato Yuichi , Hata Junya , Matsuoka Hirofumi , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Haga Nobuhiro 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to clarify the relationships of intraoperative surgical position with the incidence of postoperative rhabdomyolysis and with postoperative renal function to safely perform robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.MethodsThe participants in the present study were 276 consecutive patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy at our institutions between 2013 and 2020; 130 cases were performed in the opened legs position and 146 cases in the lithotomy position with a steep 23°–25° head‐down position. Rhabdomyolysis was defined as creatine kinase values greater than 1000 IU/L. Propensity score matching including age, body mass index, the presence of comorbidities, preoperative creatine kinase, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, and prostate‐specific antigen was performed, resulting in a matched cohort of 146 patients (opened legs position group n = 73; lithotomy position group n = 73).ResultsAfter propensity score matching, creatine kinase values on the first day after surgery were significantly lower in the opened legs position group than in the lithotomy position group (opened legs position group: lithotomy position group = 246.9 ± 114.9 IU/L: 558.2 ± 114.9 IU/L, P = 0.034). There were significantly fewer patients diagnosed with postoperative rhabdomyolysis in the opened legs position group (opened legs position group: lithotomy position group = 0% (0/73): 9.6% (7/73), P < 0.001). In addition, fluid replacement volume was significantly less in the opened legs position group (opened legs position group: lithotomy position group = 5747 ± 180 mL: 6349 ± 0176 mL, P = 0.018).ConclusionsTo prevent rhabdomyolysis after surgery, robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy should be performed in the opened legs position.
Appropriate prescribing of azithromycin for community‐acquired pneumonia
Authors: Qian Sue , Siu Johnny , Hussein Abbas , Zheng Yizhong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAzithromycin is prescribed for atypical antimicrobial cover in severe community‐acquired pneumonia. Inappropriate azithromycin administration incurs unnecessary financial costs, exacerbates antimicrobial resistance and risks QTc interval prolongation leading to cardiac arrhythmias. The present study demonstrated that a majority of patients were prescribed azithromycin without having electrocardiograms to assess the QTc interval and without meeting criteria for severe community‐acquired pneumonia based on CURB‐65 score.
A rapid classification tool for deformities in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) embryos
Authors: Bartlett Alanah D. , Lavery J. Michelle , Nafziger Jennifer , Cunjak Richard A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeformities in fish embryos are important for their survival in later life stages. However, a consistent way to refer to and classify salmonid embryo deformities does not exist. Expanding on reports of alevin deformities, we developed a classification tool for distinguishing the deformities observed in a collection of preserved Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) embryos. Deformities were classified based on the deformed body part and a qualitative subtype. This classification tool uses external morphology, requires minimal equipment and can be applied from the first appearance of optic vesicles to hatch.
From prehab to rehab: Nutritional support for people undergoing pancreatic cancer surgery
Authors: Bibby Neil , Rajai Azita , O'Reilly Derek A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is an urgent need to identify and treat potentially modifiable factors that may improve quality of life and influence survival of people with pancreatic cancer. The present study aimed to assess nutritional status at diagnosis and in the early and later stages of postoperative recovery and to evaluate the feasibility of optimising nutritional status and symptoms in patients undergoing surgery, as part of a multidisciplinary prehabilitation intervention.MethodsNutritional data collection and intervention took place at four time points: (1) baseline at diagnosis; (2) prior to surgery; (3) first postoperative review (within 6 weeks); and (4) at 6–12 months postoperatively. The ‘Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment’ (PG‐SGA) tool was used to undertake a detailed nutritional assessment and the modified ‘Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale’ (GISRS) was completed for all patients. Handgrip strength was measured by dynamometry.ResultsDuring the period between April 2016 and April 2018, 137 patients scheduled for pancreatic cancer surgery were included who had a baseline dietetic assessment and at least one further review. Baseline assessment demonstrated that malnutrition was highly prevalent, with 62.3% experiencing more than 5% and 29.2% experiencing more than 10% weight loss over the prior 6 months. With dietetic assessment and support for at least 14 days, these patients gained a mean 1.8% body weight during this period and a mean improved handgrip of 7.9%. Symptoms also improved, with absolute change in PG‐SGA scores reduced by a mean of 6.19 and a 6.3 reduction of GISRS.ConclusionsDietetic assessment and intervention for all patients undergoing pancreatic resection ensures timely identification of nutritional deficiencies and correction of avoidable causes of weight loss, such as pancreatic enzyme insufficiency.
Exploring key developmental phases and phase‐specific genes across the entirety of anther development in maize
Authors: Han Yingjia , Hu Mingjian , Ma Xuxu , Yan Ge , Wang Chunyu , Jiang Siqi , Lai Jinsheng , Zhang Mei 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTAnther development from stamen primordium to pollen dispersal is complex and essential to sexual reproduction. How this highly dynamic and complex developmental process is controlled genetically is not well understood, especially for genes involved in specific key developmental phases. Here we generated RNA sequencing libraries spanning 10 key stages across the entirety of anther development in maize (Zea mays). Global transcriptome analyses revealed distinct phases of cell division and expansion, meiosis, pollen maturation, and mature pollen, for which we detected 50, 245, 42, and 414 phase‐specific marker genes, respectively. Phase‐specific transcription factor genes were significantly enriched in the phase of meiosis. The phase‐specific expression of these marker genes was highly conserved among the maize lines Chang7‐2 and W23, indicating they might have important roles in anther development. We explored a desiccation‐related protein gene, ZmDRP1, which was exclusively expressed in the tapetum from the tetrad to the uninucleate microspore stage, by generating knockout mutants. Notably, mutants in ZmDRP1 were completely male‐sterile, with abnormal Ubisch bodies and defective pollen exine. Our work provides a glimpse into the gene expression dynamics and a valuable resource for exploring the roles of key phase‐specific genes that regulate anther development.
Neuropathic pain due to compression of cervical medial branch by cervical Juxtafacet cyst: A case report
Authors: Chun Yoon Mok , Boudier‐Revéret Mathieu , Lee Sang Ho , Chang Min Cheol 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the current report, we describe an interesting case of cervical juxtafacet that developed outside the intervertebral foramen, compressing the cervical medial branch and causing neuropathic pain in the posterior inferior neck pain. A 61‐year‐old woman visited a local pain clinic due to neuropathic pain with a tingling and burning nature (numeric rating scale [NRS]: 5 out of 10) on the left posterior inferior neck area for 4 months. Paresthesia was observed in the left posterior inferior neck area. On cervical radiography, segmental instability was observed at the C3–4 and C4–5 levels. Moreover, on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine, a cyst (size: 1.3 cm × 0.7 cm × 1 cm) was outside the intervertebral foramen, contacting the left C4–5 facet joint and left C5 articular pillar. We thought that the compression of the left C5 medial branch by the cyst could cause the patient's pain. We conducted computed tomography (CT)‐guided percutaneous needle aspiration of a cervical juxtafacet cyst. An 18‐gauge needle was advanced under the guidance of CT into the largest portion of the cyst through a posterolateral oblique approach. Gelatinous mucoid fluid (approximately 0.5 cc) was aspirated. Immediately after the aspiration, 80% of the patient's pain was disappeared, and dysesthesia was completely disappeared. At the 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month follow‐ups, the patient reported slight pain (NRS: 1) on the left posterior inferior neck. Cervical juxtafacet cysts can develop outside of the intervertebral foramen and spinal canal. Percutaneous needle aspiration can be a useful therapeutic tool for the treatment of such cysts.
Non-Separable Spatio-Temporal Models via Transformed Multivariate Gaussian Markov Random Fields
Authors: Prates Marcos O. , Azevedo Douglas R. M. , MacNab Ying C. , Willig Michael R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractModels that capture spatial and temporal dynamics are applicable in many scientific fields. Non-separable spatio-temporal models were introduced in the literature to capture these dynamics. However, these models are generally complicated in construction and interpretation. We introduce a class of non-separable transformed multivariate Gaussian Markov random fields (TMGMRF) in which the dependence structure is flexible and facilitates simple interpretations concerning spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal parameters. Moreover, TMGMRF models have the advantage of allowing specialists to define any desired marginal distribution in model construction without suffering from spatio-temporal confounding. Consequently, the use of spatio-temporal models under the TMGMRF framework leads to a new class of general models, such as spatio-temporal Gamma random fields, that can be directly used to model Poisson intensity for space–time data. The proposed model was applied to identify important environmental characteristics that affect variation in the abundance of Nenia tridens, a dominant species of gastropod in a well-studied tropical ecosystem, and to characterize its spatial and temporal trends, which are particularly critical during the Anthropocene, an epoch of time characterized by human-induced environmental change associated with climate and land use.
Reweighting the OHS and GHS to improve data quality: Representativeness, household counts, and small households
Authors: Thornton Amy , Wittenberg Martin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe October Household Surveys (OHS) (1994–1999) and the General Household Surveys (GHS) (2002–present) collected by StatsSA comprise South Africa's only nationally representative time series with information on both people and households for (almost) every year of the post‐apartheid period. However, the quality of these data has been compromised by how the survey weights have been calibrated. We document these problems and their implications in detail and then use cross‐entropy estimation to recalibrate the survey weights for a stacked version of these surveys between 1995 and 2011 to address these weaknesses. The first issue with the weights is that calibration procedure breaks with sampling practise by calibrating person and household weights separately. This creates conceptual problems because the data are not properly representative of the population. It also creates statistical problems, including that a series of total population and household counts cannot be reliably extracted from the series, which is typically a first‐order output for such a time series. Second, the series of household counts extracted from the GHS is probably too low. Third, no compensation is made by the survey weights for the chronic undersampling of small households over the entire period. Our new weights make headway in resolving these issues.
Radio‐cephalic fistula recovered with drainage to median basilic vein by straightening of the forearm cephalic vein: A case report
Authors: Costa Luísa Lemos , de Matos António Norton , Almeida Paulo , Teles Paulo , Loureiro Luís , Campos Luís , Delgado Elisabete , Oliveira Debora , Campos Tiago , Inácio Marta , Fernandes Filipa , Coutinho Sara , Ventura Ana , Pereira Susana , Castro Ana , Xavier Eva , Sousa Clemente Neves 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe distal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has less complications and better patency than the proximal fistula, when it works properly. The complications of outflow of the fistula are complex, and it is necessary to analyze all solutions to solve the problem. We introduce a novel approach to solve outflow problems of a radio‐cephalic AVF by straightening of the forearm cephalic vein with drainage into the median basilic vein.
The geometry of Gaussian double Markovian distributions
Authors: Boege Tobias , Kahle Thomas , Kretschmer Andreas , Röttger Frank 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGaussian double Markovian models consist of covariance matrices constrained by a pair of graphs specifying zeros simultaneously in the matrix and its inverse. We study the semi‐algebraic geometry of these models, in particular their dimension, smoothness, and connectedness as well as algebraic and combinatorial properties.
Characterizing the metabolic role of STAT3 in canine osteosarcoma
Authors: Gardner Heather L. , Fenger Joelle M. , Roberts Ryan D. , London Cheryl A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSignal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) dysregulation has been characterized in canine OS, with previous data suggesting that constitutive STAT3 activation contributes to survival and proliferation in OS cell lines in vitro. Recently, the contribution of STAT3 to tumour metabolism has been described across several tumour histologies, and understanding the metabolic implications of STAT3 loss may elucidate novel therapeutic approaches with synergistic activity. The objective of this work was to characterize metabolic benchmarks associated with STAT3 loss in canine OS. STAT3 expression and activation was evaluated using western blotting in canine OS cell lines OSCA8 and Abrams. STAT3 was deleted from these OS cell lines using CRISPR‐Cas9, and the effects on proliferation, invasion and metabolism (respirometry, intracellular lactate) were determined. Loss of STAT3 was associated with decreased basal and compensatory glycolysis in canine OS cell lines, without modulation of cellular proliferation. Loss of STAT3 also resulted in diminished invasive capacity in vitro. Interestingly, the absence of STAT3 did not impact sensitivity to doxorubicin in vitro. Our data demonstrate that loss of STAT3 modulates features of aerobic glycolysis in canine OS impacting capacities for cellular invasions, suggesting a role for this transcription factor in metastasis.
Patient preferences and experiences of participation in surgical cancer care
Authors: Drott Jenny , Fomichov Victoria , Nordén Maria , Larsson Anna Lindhoff , Sandström Per , Björnsson Bergthor , Eldh Ann Catrine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuality cancer care necessitates opportunities for patient participation, supposedly recognizing the individual's preferences and experiences for being involved in their health and healthcare issues. Previous research shows that surgical cancer patients wish to be more involved, requiring professionals to be sensitive of patients' needs.AimsTo explore preference‐based patient participation in surgical cancer care.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted. The Patient Preferences for Patient Participation tool (4Ps) was used, which includes 12 attributes of preferences for and experiences of patient participation. Data were analyzed with descriptive and comparative statistical methods.ResultsThe results are based on a total of 101 questionnaires. Having reciprocal communication and being listened to by healthcare staff were commonly deemed crucial for patient participation. While 60% of the patients suggested that taking part in planning was crucial for their participation, they had experienced this only to some extent. Learning to manage symptoms and phrasing personal goals were items most often representing insufficient conditions for preference‐based patient participation.Linking Evidence to ActionTo support person‐centered surgical care, further efforts to suffice preference‐based participation are needed, including opportunities for patients to share their experiences and engage in the planning of healthcare activities.
Investigation and Characterization of Cell Aggregation During and After Inkjet-Based Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Bioink
Authors: Xu Heqi , Martinez Salazar Dulce Maria , Shahriar Md , Xu Changxue 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, 3D bioprinting techniques have been broadly recognized as a promising tool to fabricate functional tissues and organs. The bioink used for 3D bioprinting consists of biological materials and cells. Because of the dominant gravitational force, the suspended cells in the bioink sediment resulting in the accumulation and aggregation of cells. This study primarily focuses on the quantification of cell sedimentation-induced cell aggregation during and after inkjet-based bioprinting. The major conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) as the printing time increases from 0 min to 60 min, the percentage of the cells forming cell aggregates at the bottom of the bioink reservoir increases significantly from 3.6% to 54.5%, indicating a severe cell aggregation challenge in 3D bioprinting, (2) during inkjet-based bioprinting, at the printing time of only 15 min, more than 80% of the cells within the nozzle have formed cell aggregates. Both the individual cells and cell aggregates tend to migrate to the vicinity of the nozzle centerline mainly due to the weak shear-thinning properties of the bioink, and (3) after the bioprinting process, the mean cell number per microsphere increases significantly from 0.38 to 1.05 as printing time increases from 0 min to 15 min. The maximum number of cells encapsulated within one microsphere is ten, and 29.8% of the microspheres with cells encapsulated have contained small or large cell aggregates at the printing time of 15 min.