bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interparticle diffusion and thermodynamic modeling studies for the removal of heavy metals using mixed adsorbents in industrial effluents
Authors: Tadepalli Srinivas , Murthy K. S. R. , Sahu Omprakash 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPollution of water, air, and soil by industrial effluents is a major problem nowadays. A variety of contaminants are too responsible for changing the physicochemical properties of the receiving body. There are practical treatment solutions available to clean up contaminants from various resources. The term “adsorption” refers to one of them. The purpose of the research work is to remove heavy metals from industrial effluent. Mixed adsorbents prepared from activated charcoal and bone charcoals were used to remove the copper and cadmium ions. The experiment carried out in a batch operation and modeling of these data for intraparticle diffusion and thermodynamic calculations were reported in this research work. At optimum operating condition pH 6; metal ion concentration 50 mg/L; dose 5 g/L; agitation 180 rpm and temperature 40°C maximum 99.41% copper ions and 88.12% cadmium ion removal was achieved. Cadmium ions were well fitted in the thermodynamic model compared to copper ions, as demonstrated by the higher correlation coefficient R2 (0.9824) value. Intra particle diffusion demonstrated that film diffusion was a rate‐limiting step at the start of the reaction, while microporous intraparticle diffusion was the rate‐determining phase later on. A Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron micrography analysis confirmed the suitability of mixed adsorbents for the removal of cadmium and copper metal ions.
“In the Room Where It Happens:” Advocacy 101 for Literacy Leaders
Authors: Gómez Margarita , Saal Leah Katherine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs literacy leaders, we know that printed words carry great meaning and power. Today, there is a widespread belief that advocacy over government concerns or policies can be adequately achieved using social media. While a well‐timed and phrased social media post can supplement advocacy efforts, advocacy must be driven by deeds even more than words. In this article, the authors articulate the importance of face‐to‐face policy advocacy with elected officials to address any educational, health, or social policy in your locale which impacts the students, families, and communities you belong to and/or serve. Specifically, they outline the steps for advocating directly with an elected legislative official (or their staff representative) and provide numerous exemplars of documents as mentor texts to support and supplement policy advocacy efforts. Their models actualize policy advocacy for socially just practices that impact some of the most vulnerable populations, English learners, and associated funding for programs supporting these populations also known as English to Speakers of Other Languages (ELs/ESOL).
Seismic response of floating wind turbines due to seaquakes
Authors: Kaynia Amir M. , Blekastad Håvard , Schell Philip , Walter Erik Løkken 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVertical seismic waves, which are primarily due to pressure waves in the ground, can propagate with the same intensity in the seawater and impact floating bodies such as floating wind turbines (FWTs). Part of this wave can further propagate in the tower and generate large vertical accelerations in the nacelle. This paper presents a methodology for computation of the pressure waves generated by vertical earthquake shaking, referred to as seaquake, its impact on submerged bodies, and the induced dynamic response in the structure. A FWT concept with catenary mooring is used for the assessment of the effects of earthquake shaking. The pressure during a seaquake is determined using a 2D acoustic finite element (FE) model in Abaqus. The acoustic model is benchmarked against a 1D analytical solution. The response due to the environmental loads, namely, wind, current, and waves, is also studied and used as a reference for assessment of the relative significance of the seaquake. Considerable vertical accelerations can occur in the nacelle due to amplification of the platform accelerations through the tower. It is shown that this acceleration could exceed a commonly used operational limit range of 0.2 g to 0.3 g even for moderate accelerations at the seabed. This indicates that earthquake loading should be considered in the design of FWTs in seismic regions. The mooring tensile forces, due to motion of the platform during a seaquake, do not exceed the design tension computed for the extreme environmental conditions. However, the leeward mooring lines could experience zero tension, which could cause snap tension.
Introduction
Authors: Burnay Nathalie , Ogg Jim , Krekula Clary , Vendramin Patricia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, policies that extend the working life have been a key feature of European and other countries with post-industrialised economies. These policies focus on two dimensions of work and retirement which governments consider crucial to reform if pension systems are to be safeguarded in the context of ageing populations. First, legal and administrative reforms are pushing back the legal age of retirement thereby withholding pension rights until workers have reached a certain age. Second, defined benefit pensions, so-called because employees and employers know the formula for calculating retirement benefits in advance of paying them, are being phased out and replaced by defined contribution pensions, where the level of contributions, and not the final benefit, is pre-defined and no final pension promise is made. This shift results in the individualisation of pension benefits, since in most cases workers must build up sufficient contributions and invest in pension products on financial markets. The effect of this trend is that workers remain in the labour force longer in order to secure an acceptable pension benefit. Overall, the implementation of these two policies to extend the working life has produced the desired effect of retaining individuals longer in the labour market and easing the pressure on public pensions, as can be seen in data produced by Eurostat since the 1990s: the proportion of people aged 55 years or more in the total number of persons employed in the EU-27 increased from 12% to 20% between 2004 and 2019 (Eurostat, 2021).
From Early Retirement to Extending Working Life: Institutionalisation and Standardization at the End of Career in Belgium
Authors: Burnay Nathalie , Sanderson Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the 2000s, successive Belgian governments have adopted measures to increase the employment rate and to promote the retention of older workers in employment. However, Belgium remains characterized by a low employment rate among 55–64-year olds. The aim of this article is to understand the reasons for this through the answers to two questions: why do people leave the labour market, and who are the workers who continue their professional activity after the statutory retirement age? This study is based on the theoretical framework of the life-course, and on the processes of standardization/de-standardization and institutionalization/de-institutionalization.
Social Exclusion in Later Life, Evidence from the European Social Survey
Authors: Albuquerque Paula C. , Fontainha Elsa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSocial Exclusion (SE) is a multidimensional concept, broader than just poverty or economic exclusion, that aims at expressing to what extent people have the opportunity to participate in society.We analyse how SE evolved for a certain birth cohort (respondents born between 1945 and 1953) along time, to gain a life-course perspective, and for the same age group in two different periods, to study how the situation of individuals in later life stages has changed from one period to the other. Our paper explores the recently updated data from the European Social Survey (ESS, Round 9 – 2018), combined with data from Round 1 – 2002, to obtain an insight into the evolution of SE among the older population in 15 European countries, by producing measures of SE including different domains (Social Relations, Civic Participation, Neighbourhood and Community and Health and Well-being). The same birth cohort (respondents born between 1945 and 1953) is analysed in 2002 and in 2018. We investigate the association of SE with the type of participation in the labour market, which, according to the rules developed by the welfare state institutions, is expected to change for that cohort, between the two periods. And, indeed, we find evidence of such association. Differences between the situation of men and women are highlighted, with higher levels of SE experienced by women in most domains.
Gender, Transitions and Turning Points: The Life Course and Older Workers’ Trajectories in Different US Occupations
Authors: Ní Léime Áine , Street Debra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter interrogates the proposition that extending working life is an unproblematic policy measure introduced to address demographic ageing and increased pension costs. The implications of extending working life varies for workers in different occupations. The chapter draws on interview data from a qualitative study of 17 men and 20 women workers in the United States. Interviewees working either as teachers or in physically-demanding jobs such as care-giving for older people or cleaning narrated their work-life history and discussed their current work, future plans and their views on working longer.Analysis of different strands of their work-life trajectories – work, family, health – from a life course perspective reveals that workers may be channelled into particular kinds of employment and that advantage or disadvantage can accumulate across the life course. It supports previous research showing that physically-demanding work adversely affects workers’ health. Gendered expectations regarding the provision of care can result in disrupted careers for women, leading to lower pension provision and the need to continue working later. Such processes, combined with pension reforms and the increasingly precarious nature of employment can lead to poor economic and health outcomes for some workers. The implications of these findings for policy are discussed.
Transitions into Precarity at Work Among Older Men in the Metal Industry in Portugal and Sweden
Authors: Neves Rita Borges , Krekula Clary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTransitions into precariousness and labour market exclusion in late professional career need to be understood from the perspective of individual biographies unfolding in relation to historical developments, social structures and social changes.The generation born in the 1950’s in Europe, now nearing retirement, has lived through periods of economic affluence and welfare state expansion, but also of macro-economic shocks, deindustrialization, and neo-liberal slimming of public social structures. These changes were concurrent with accelerated digitalization and restructuring of work organizations.This chapter illustrates transitions into unemployment and precariousness among older men in the context of economic downturn and organizational restructuring in a sector particularly exposed to the effects of neo-liberal globalization- the metal industry. We go on to show how in two different organizational-institutional realities countries, such as Portugal and Sweden these workers are exposed to different mechanisms that paved the way out of secure employment into insecure employment and precarious positions in the labour market.
Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania
Authors: Xhumari Merita Vaso 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe life course perspective is used in analysis of the older workers relations to the labour market in a societal context. Transition to the market economy of Albania has increased the vulnerability especially for two categories: the youngest, as the new entries into the labour market, and the oldest workers, who found it difficult to be adjusted to the labour market demand, after the failure of state enterprises, changes in working environments, social services, family, etc. The investigation of older workers in the labour market is focused on five dimensions: (1) the labour market structure and employment status of older workers; (2) the employment & VET policies; (3) the work-life balance with ageing; (4) health and (5) retirement.In the beginning of 1990s, the early retirement was the first policy intervention to cope with massive unemployment of older workers. Then, the parametric reforms of PAYG social insurance for increasing the retirement ages and the insurance period have had an impact on extending the working life of older workers of 10 years until 2018. However, the replacement rate was lowering from 74.2% in 1990, to 56% in 1993 when reform started, to further 41% in 2018 which impose pensioners to continue working or delaying the retirement. The increased youth unemployment, atypical and informal employment, has been new challenges for older workers to be adjusted to the labour market demand and only 10% of them can continue working after the retirement age. The development of employment services, VET, health care and social protection have been inadequate to promote social inclusion of older workers.In the framework of the EU integration, Albania has pursued a process of harmonization the legal framework with EU standards. National strategies have been enacted to guarantee human rights, gender equality, and an inclusive society. The social inclusion of older workers into the labour market is a complex issue that depended not only of the Government interventions, but also by the active engagement of other stakeholders. In the Albanian tradition family continues to be a strong supporting institution for older people and children, very likely to the Abbado’s idea in Italy.This chapter is based on an analysis of policy documents, research and statistics from INSTAT, Eurostat, World Bank, etc. The Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2015, and European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) 2016 are used to identify age and gender patterns regarding work-life balance and social inclusion. The analysis suggests that to fully address the complexity of the inclusion of older workers in the labour market, an integrated approach should involve all relevant policy areas such as education, health, employment, and social protection, as well as engagement of all community stakeholders.
Health, Working Conditions and Retirement
Authors: Ardito Chiara , Fleischmann Maria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the working environment as determinant of retirement (section “Working Conditions as Determinants of Retirement”) and its role as mediator of the health effects of retirement (section “The Health Effect of Retirement”).In the first Section on “Working Conditions as Determinants of Retirement”, we summarize studies showing that having a good job is an important aspect of individuals’ retirement decisions. Mostly positive working conditions appear to contribute to individuals’ later retirement, but adverse working conditions not necessarily relate to earlier retirement. Moreover, adverse conditions can be buffered when combined with high job control, job resources or social support.In the Section on “The Health Effect of Retirement”, we focus on how retirement affects health in both theoretical and applied studies, suggesting that the inconclusiveness illustrated in theories is also evident in empirical work. Previous studies, however, vary largely regarding the adopted (1) health outcomes, (2) study designs, (3) definition of retirement and (4) the type of work performed before retirement. These four factors could explain the inconsistencies of the results. We finally focus on the latter factor, showing that the effect of retirement on health tends to be positive for workers retiring from low quality or more demanding jobs.Our chapter concludes with policy advices regarding how to promote longer and healthy working lives and a discussion of relevant groups to pay attention to.
Flavour anomalies and dark matter assisted unification in SO(10) GUT
Authors: Sahu Purushottam , Bhatta Aishwarya , Mohanta Rukmani , Singirala Shivaramakrishna , Patra Sudhanwa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the recent experimental hint of new physics from flavor physics anomalies, combined with the evidence from neutrino masses and dark matter, we consider a minimal extension of SM with a scalar leptoquark and a fermion triplet. The scalar leptoquark with couplings to leptons and quarks can explain lepton flavor non-universality observables RK, $$ {R}_{K^{\left(\ast \right)}} $$

R

K

∗

, $$ {R}_{D^{\left(\ast \right)}} $$

R

D

∗

and RJ/ψ. Neutral component of fermion triplet provides current abundance of dark matter in the Universe. The interesting feature of the proposal is that the minimal addition of these phenomenologically rich particles (scalar leptoquark and fermion triplet) assist in realizing the unification of the gauge couplings associated with the strong and electroweak forces of standard model when embedded in the non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory. We discuss on unification mass scale and the corresponding proton decay constraints while taking into account the GUT threshold corrections.
Trait sensitivity to negative feedback determines the effects of chronic stress and chronic mirtazapine treatment on anxiety and stress-coping strategies in rats
Authors: Surowka Paulina , Noworyta Karolina , Cieslik Agata , Rygula Rafal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we examined whether trait sensitivity to negative feedback (NF) can interact with the effects of chronic stress and antidepressant treatment on anxiety and stress-induced coping strategies in rats. Results of the conducted experiments indicated that animals displaying trait insensitivity to NF were more prone to develop stress-induced anxiety than their NF-sensitive conspecifics. Moreover, an analysis of the behavioral patterns displayed by the NF-insensitive animals during the forced swim test (FST) revealed complementary (anxiety-driven) effects of trait sensitivity to NF on the strategy of coping with an acute, stressful situation. Finally, an analysis of the interactions between NF sensitivity and the effects of antidepressant drug — mirtazapine — revealed that in animals subjected to chronic stress, the effects of the drug on anxiety and coping strategies differ significantly between animals classified as NF insensitive and NF sensitive. The present results suggest that NF sensitivity screening could be potentially used to determine individual vulnerability to development of affective disorders and effectivity of their treatment.
Myeloma bone disease imaging on a 1st-generation clinical photon-counting detector CT vs. 2nd-generation dual-source dual-energy CT
Authors: Winkelmann Moritz T. , Hagen Florian , Le-Yannou Lucie , Weiss Jakob , Riffel Philipp , Gutjahr Ralf , Faby Sebastian , Nikolaou Konstantin , Horger Marius 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Subjective and objective image quality comparison of bone microstructure and disease-related abnormalities in multiple myeloma patients using a 1st-generation dual-source photon-counting detector CT(DS-PCD-CT) and a 2nd-generation dual-source dual-energy (energy-integrating detector) CT (DS-EID-CT).

Methods
Fifty multiple myeloma patients (mean age 67.7 ± 10.9 years,16 females) were prospectively enrolled. Unenhanced whole-body CTs were clinically indicated and performed on DS-EID-CT and DS-PCD-CT (median time difference: 12 months). DS-PCD-CT was performed in Quantumplus UHR mode and DS-EID-CT was performed using dual-energy mode. DS-PCD-CT kernel was set at Br64 with Quantum iterative reconstruction strength Q1; for DS-EID-CT a comparable I70f kernel with SAFIRE iterative reconstruction strength 1 was used. Two independent radiologists assessed image quality subjectively using a 5-point Likert scale considering delineation and sharpness of trabecular bone and lytic bone lesions in the spine and pelvic bones. Additionally, ImageJ was used for quantification of bony septa inside the cancellous bone and through or the edges of osteolysis.

Results
Overall quality as well as detectability and sharpness in the delineation of lytic bone lesions were superior for DS-PCD-CT compared with DS-EID-CT (p < 0.0001). The inter-reader agreement for subjective image quality readings showed excellent consistency(α = 94.2–98.8). CTDI and DLP mean values for DS-PCD-CT and DS-EID-CT were 1107.4 ± 247.6 mGy*cm and 8.2 ± 1.8 mGy vs. 1344.3 ± 204.6 mGy*cm and 10.1 ± 1.9 mGy. The quantitative metric for bone microstructure in the femoral head showed significantly better visualization of trabeculae in DS-PCD-CT compared with DS-EID-CT (p < 0.0001). Quantitative analyses of edge sharpness of osteolysis showed significant steeper edges for DS-PCD-CT (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
DS-PCD-CT significantly improves spatial resolution of bony microstructure and lytic bone lesions compared to DS-EID-CT.

Key Points
• Application of photon-counting detector CT is superior to dual-source dual-energy integrating detector in clinical workup of multiple myeloma patients.
• Compared to energy integrating detectors, photon-counting detectors significantly increase the spatial resolution of bone microstructure including disease-related lytic bone lesions in patients with multiple myeloma.
Assessing causal dependencies in climatic indices
Authors: Silini Riccardo , Tirabassi Giulio , Barreiro Marcelo , Ferranti Laura , Masoller Cristina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe evaluate causal dependencies between thirteen indices that represent large-scale climate patterns (El Nino/Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, etc.) using a recently proposed approach based on a linear approximation of the transfer entropy. We demonstrate that this methodology identifies causal relations that are well-known, as well as it uncovers some relations which, to the best of our knowledge, have not yet been reported in the literature. We also identify significant changes in causal dependencies that have occurred in the last three decades.