bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is adult separation anxiety associated with offspring risk for internalizing psychiatric problems?
Authors: Finsaas Megan C. , Klein Daniel N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAwareness of adult separation anxiety (ASA) is growing, but there is a dearth of knowledge about how separation anxiety aggregates in families. We examined the intergenerational associations of separation anxiety and other forms of internalizing problems in an American community sample of 515 predominantly white children and their parents.MethodsChildren's separation anxiety (CSA), depression, and other anxiety disorders were modeled as latent factors using diagnoses from interviews and symptom scores from questionnaires completed by mothers, fathers, and children when children were 9 years old and again 3 years later. Parents' separation anxiety was assessed via a questionnaire and parents' other anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders were assessed with a diagnostic interview when children were nine. Relationships between parents' and children's psychopathology were modeled using s.e.m.ResultsMothers' and fathers' ASA were related to all three psychopathology factors in offspring, over and above other parental disorders, in concurrent and prospective analyses. CSA was also related to maternal depression concurrently and prospectively and to maternal anxiety prospectively. Of all paternal psychopathology variables, only ASA was significantly related to children's psychopathology in either model.ConclusionsResults indicate that parental separation anxiety is an important, but non-specific, risk factor for children's psychopathology. The pathway by which this risk is transmitted may be genetic or environmental, and the observed statistical associations likely also encompass child-to-parent effects.
Listening to the voice of older people: dimensions of loneliness in long-term care facilities
Authors: Jansson Anu H. , Karisto Antti , Pitkälä Kaisu H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLoneliness has proved to be common in long-term care facilities (LTCF) and is associated with adverse health outcomes. Although older residents have expressed their experiences of loneliness in previous studies in various ways, researchers have rarely distinguished or explored the three dimensions of loneliness: social, emotional and existential. Furthermore, descriptions of existential loneliness in LTCF is still a neglected area of research. The aim of this study was to explore how the experiences of loneliness of older people in LTCF are manifested and divided into these dimensions. We used an ethnographic multi-method approach. The analysis leaned on abductive reasoning. In terms of social loneliness, the respondents missed company and lacked peer support, but also felt lonely in a crowd. Emotional loneliness felt miserable and could not be shared with anyone. It was related to a feeling of meaninglessness of life and a lack of meaningful others. Existential loneliness was characterised by waiting and a feeling of emptiness. It reflected the fundamental issues of humanity. The present study is one of the first to explore the dimensions of the experiences of loneliness among frail and cognitively impaired older people in LTCF. According to the voices of the lonely respondents, loneliness has many social, emotional and existential aspects. These features of loneliness should be recognised in studies, care practices and interventions.
Violence against girls during COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors in Gondar city, North West Ethiopia
Authors: Kassie Ayenew , Handebo Simegnew , Adugna Asmamaw , Shitu Kegne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In Ethiopia, the magnitude of violence against girls during COVID-19 in the study area is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the violence and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic among Gondar city secondary school girls in North West Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2021. Data were collected from four public and two private Gondar city secondary schools. Investigators used stratified simple random sampling to select participants and the investigators used roster of the students at selected schools. Investigators collected the data using self-reported history of experiencing violence (victimisation). Investigators analysed data using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. Investigators invited a total of 371 sampled female students to complete self-administered questionnaires. The proportion of girls who experienced violence was 42.05% and psychological violence was the highest form of violence. Having a father who attended informal education (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.08–3.51), ever use of social media 1.65 (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.02–2.69), ever watching sexually explicit material (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.24–3.36) and use of a substance (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.17–3.15) were significantly associated variables with violence. Almost for every five girls, more than two of them experienced violence during the COVID-19 lockdown. The prevalence of violence might be under reported due to desirability bias. Therefore, it is better to create awareness towards violence among substance users, fathers with informal education and social media including user females.
Racial/ethnic differences in maternal feeding practices and beliefs at 6 months postpartum
Authors: von Ash Tayla , Alikhani Anna , Lebron Cynthia , Risica Patricia Markham 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjective:To examine racial/ethnic differences in maternal feeding practices and beliefs in a sample of low-income smoke-exposed women.Design:Cross-sectional analysis using data collected during a randomised control trial. Maternal feeding practices and beliefs were assessed using the Infant Feeding Questionnaire (IFQ), which was administered at 6 months postpartum. ANOVA was used to examine differences in IFQ items by race/ethnicity, while multivariable linear regression models were used to examine differences in IFQ factor scores by race/ethnicity adjusting for potential confounders.Setting:Participants were recruited from prenatal clinics.Participants:343 women (39 % non-Hispanic White, 28 % Hispanic/Latina, 13 % Black, and 20 % other).Results:Racial/ethnic minority mothers were more likely than non-Hispanic White mothers to put cereal in their infant’s bottle so that the infant would stay full longer (P = 0·032), state their infant wanted more than just formula or breast milk prior to 4 months (P = 0·019), allow their infant to eat whenever he/she wanted (P = 0·023) and only allow their infant to eat at set times (P < 0·001). Adjusting for potential confounders, racial/ethnic minority mothers had higher scores for factors 1 (concern about infant undereating or becoming underweight), 2 (concern about infant’s hunger), 4 (concern about infant overeating or becoming overweight) and 5 (feeding infant on a schedule), and lower scores for factor 7 (social interaction with the infant during feeding) than White mothers. Racial/ethnic differences were not found for the other two factors.Conclusions:Differences in maternal feeding practices and beliefs across race/ethnicity are present at 6 months postpartum.
FINITE TWO-DISTANCE-TRANSITIVE DIHEDRANTS
Authors: JIN WEI , TAN LI 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA noncomplete graph is
$2$
-distance-transitive if, for
$i \in \{1,2\}$
and for any two vertex pairs
$(u_1,v_1)$
and
$(u_2,v_2)$
with the same distance i in the graph, there exists an element of the graph automorphism group that maps
$(u_1,v_1)$
to
$(u_2,v_2)$
. This paper determines the family of
$2$
-distance-transitive Cayley graphs over dihedral groups, and it is shown that if the girth of such a graph is not
$4$
, then either it is a known
$2$
-arc-transitive graph or it is isomorphic to one of the following two graphs:
$ {\mathrm {K}}_{x[y]}$
, where
$x\geq 3,y\geq 2$
, and
$G(2,p,({p-1})/{4})$
, where p is a prime and
$p \equiv 1 \ (\operatorname {mod}\, 8)$
. Then, as an application of the above result, a complete classification is achieved of the family of
$2$
-geodesic-transitive Cayley graphs for dihedral groups.
Nation-Statist Soteriology and Traditions of Defeat: Religious-Zionism, the Ninth of Av, and Jerusalem Day
Authors: Yadgar Yaacov , Hadad Noam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe ask how the theopolitics of a nation-state, and especially its soteriology, engage with traditions that preceded the state and relay messages that contradict this theopolitics. To discuss this question, we address the evolving (re-)interpretation of the Ninth of Av—a ritual commemoration of the destruction of Jerusalem and the end of Jewish (Judean) self-rule in ancient times—by Religious-Zionist commentators. We further compare this interpretation to the Religious-Zionist appropriation of Jerusalem Day, a civic holiday celebrating the establishment of Israeli control over East Jerusalem in the June 1967 war. We argue that the statist imperative of the superiority of nation-statist theopolitics suggests that traditions are co-opted to fit in with its soteriology, with varying degrees of resistance or willing accommodation by carriers of these traditions. This co-opting may result in either the de-politicization of what the statist view would see as religion or the religionization of the state's own civic and so-called secular holidays.
ANU GRACE Data Analysis: Characteristics and Benefits of Using Irregularly Shaped Mascons
Authors: Tregoning P. , McGirr R. , Pfeffer J. , Purcell A. , McQueen H. , Allgeyer S. , McClusky S. C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe estimation of mass anomalies using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data involves parameterizing the temporal gravity field using basis functions. In this study, we show that the use of irregularly shaped mass concentration (mascon) tiles that follow land/ocean boundaries reduces the leakage of land signals into ocean regions and vice versa. Leakage of signal from continents to oceans in mascons that cross the coastline affect the integrated mass changes at a regional scale. For example, the calculated mass loss in 2016 is ∼5% greater for Greenland when using mascons that follow coastlines. We describe efficient algorithms for computing the accelerations acting on the satellites caused by mass changes on mascons, along with the partial derivatives relating the mass changes to the inter‐satellite observations. Through simulation, we quantify the impact of different mascon geometries, spatial resolution and regularization. The variations of mass change signals within mascons, which we call “intra‐mascon variability,” contribute to errors in estimates of mass variation from GRACE data. While this can be mitigated through the regularization of the inversions, it cannot be removed entirely. The use of irregularly shaped mascons that follow land/ocean boundaries reduces the “intra‐mascon leakage” of land signals into ocean regions and vice versa. This approach can also be applied to hydrological basins for calculating integrated mass changes on catchment scales.
Degradable mesoporous semimetal antimony nanospheres for near-infrared II multimodal theranostics
Authors: Chen Yu , Yu Zhongzheng , Zheng Kai , Ren Yaguang , Wang Meng , Wu Qiang , Zhou Feifan , Liu Chengbo , Liu Liwei , Song Jun , Qu Junle 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetallic and semimetallic mesoporous frameworks are of great importance owing to their unique properties and broad applications. However, semimetallic mesoporous structures cannot be obtained by the traditional template-mediated strategies due to the inevitable hydrolytic reaction of semimetal compounds. Therefore, it is yet challenging to fabricate mesoporous semimetal nanostructures, not even mention controlling their pore sizes. Here we develop a facile and robust selective etching route to synthesize monodispersed mesoporous antimony nanospheres (MSbNSs). The pore sizes of MSbNSs are tunable by carefully controlling the partial oxidation of Sb nuclei and the selective etching of the as-formed Sb2O3. MSbNSs show a wide absorption from visible to second near-infrared (NIR-II) region. Moreover, PEGylated MSbNSs are degradable and the degradation mechanism is further explained. The NIR-II photothermal performance of MSbNSs is promising with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of ~44% and intensive NIR-II photoacoustic signal. MSbNSs show potential as multifunctional nanomedicines for NIR-II photoacoustic imaging guided synergistic photothermal/chemo therapy in vivo. Our selective etching process would contribute to the development of various semimetallic mesoporous structures and efficient multimodal nanoplatforms for theranostics.
Mutations in respiratory complex I promote antibiotic persistence through alterations in intracellular acidity and protein synthesis
Authors: Van den Bergh Bram , Schramke Hannah , Michiels Joran Elie , Kimkes Tom E. P. , Radzikowski Jakub Leszek , Schimpf Johannes , Vedelaar Silke R. , Burschel Sabrina , Dewachter Liselot , Lončar Nikola , Schmidt Alexander , Meijer Tim , Fauvart Maarten , Friedrich Thorsten , Michiels Jan , Heinemann Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAntibiotic persistence describes the presence of phenotypic variants within an isogenic bacterial population that are transiently tolerant to antibiotic treatment. Perturbations of metabolic homeostasis can promote antibiotic persistence, but the precise mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we use laboratory evolution, population-wide sequencing and biochemical characterizations to identify mutations in respiratory complex I and discover how they promote persistence in Escherichia coli. We show that persistence-inducing perturbations of metabolic homeostasis are associated with cytoplasmic acidification. Such cytoplasmic acidification is further strengthened by compromised proton pumping in the complex I mutants. While RpoS regulon activation induces persistence in the wild type, the aggravated cytoplasmic acidification in the complex I mutants leads to increased persistence via global shutdown of protein synthesis. Thus, we propose that cytoplasmic acidification, amplified by a compromised complex I, can act as a signaling hub for perturbed metabolic homeostasis in antibiotic persisters.
GPCR kinase knockout cells reveal the impact of individual GRKs on arrestin binding and GPCR regulation
Authors: Drube J. , Haider R. S. , Matthees E. S. F. , Reichel M. , Zeiner J. , Fritzwanker S. , Ziegler C. , Barz S. , Klement L. , Filor J. , Weitzel V. , Kliewer A. , Miess-Tanneberg E. , Kostenis E. , Schulz S. , Hoffmann C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate G proteins and undergo a complex regulation by interaction with GPCR kinases (GRKs) and the formation of receptor–arrestin complexes. However, the impact of individual GRKs on arrestin binding is not clear. We report the creation of eleven combinatorial HEK293 knockout cell clones lacking GRK2/3/5/6, including single, double, triple and the quadruple GRK knockout. Analysis of β-arrestin1/2 interactions for twelve GPCRs in our GRK knockout cells enables the differentiation of two main receptor subsets: GRK2/3-regulated and GRK2/3/5/6-regulated receptors. Furthermore, we identify GPCRs that interact with β-arrestins via the overexpression of specific GRKs even in the absence of agonists. Finally, using GRK knockout cells, PKC inhibitors and β-arrestin mutants, we present evidence for differential receptor–β-arrestin1/2 complex configurations mediated by selective engagement of kinases. We anticipate our GRK knockout platform to facilitate the elucidation of previously unappreciated details of GRK-specific GPCR regulation and β-arrestin complex formation.
Divalent metal cations stimulate skeleton interoception for new bone formation in mouse injury models
Authors: Qiao Wei , Pan Dayu , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin , Liu Xuanyong , Chen Zhuofan , Wan Mei , Feng Shiqin , Cheung Kenneth M. C. , Yeung Kelvin W. K. , Cao Xu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBone formation induced by divalent metal cations has been widely reported; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we report that these cations stimulate skeleton interoception by promoting prostaglandin E2 secretion from macrophages. This immune response is accompanied by the sprouting and arborization of calcitonin gene-related polypeptide-α+ nerve fibers, which sense the inflammatory cue with PGE2 receptor 4 and convey the interoceptive signals to the central nervous system. Activating skeleton interoception downregulates sympathetic tone for new bone formation. Moreover, either macrophage depletion or knockout of cyclooxygenase-2 in the macrophage abolishes divalent cation-induced skeleton interoception. Furthermore, sensory denervation or knockout of EP4 in the sensory nerves eliminates the osteogenic effects of divalent cations. Thus, our study reveals that divalent cations promote bone formation through the skeleton interoceptive circuit, a finding which could prompt the development of novel biomaterials to elicit the therapeutic power of these divalent cations.
Deciphering the superior thermoelectric property of post-treatment-free PEDOT:PSS/IL hybrid by X-ray and neutron scattering characterization
Authors: Li Xin , Zou Ruike , Liu Zhen , Mata Jitendra , Storer Ben , Chen Yu , Qi Weiheng , Zhou Zekun , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, a polymer and ionic liquid (IL) hybrid with superior thermoelectric performance is prepared via a system design of the chemical composition, molar ratio of the constituent molecules and manipulating the structure in solution and dried films. The solution-casted hybrid film, consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide (EMIM:TCM), shows the highest power factor of 175 μW m−1 K−2in the polymer hybrid prepared by a post-treatment-free method. With a set of complementary structure characterization methods, it is found that EMIM:TCM can induce the structure reorganization of PEDOT:PSS in solution from a core-shell model to a rod-like model, during which PEDOT partially separates from PSS that eases the conductive network formation. In addition, the oxidation level of PEDOT:PSS is reduced by adding EMIM:TCM. Based on which, the PEDOT:PSS/IL hybrid shows the best performance in optimizing the conductivity (1163 S cm−1) and Seebeck coefficient (38.8 μV K−1) simultaneously.
Reprocessing seafood waste: challenge to develop aquatic clean meat from fish cells
Authors: Tsuruwaka Yusuke , Shimada Eriko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFish consumption has been increasing worldwide as per capita consumption of fish rises along with population growth. At the same time, overfishing is increasing all over the world, causing enormous damage to the ecosystem. There is an urgent need to secure sustainable fishery resources to meet the expanding demand for fish. The present study focused on the cells obtained from fish fins, which were often discarded as food waste, and which had the potential to change their morphology with simple treatments, creating the possibility of processing fish fin cells into clean meat (i.e., meat produced in vitro; artificial, lab-cultured meat using tissue engineering techniques). The fin-derived fibroblast-like cells demonstrated an interesting characteristic; changing the sera or culture media supported differentiation of the fibroblast-like cells to various cell morphologies, such as neurofilaments and adipocytes, etc., without genetic manipulation. Furthermore, it was possible to culture the cells in multi-layered and three-dimensional forms that were suitable for processing and shaping. Taking advantage of the cells’ characteristics, ‘aquatic clean meat’ was produced successfully at the prototype stage. Our results suggest that fish fins, which are often treated as waste material, thus, are easy to procure, simple to process, and could be used to create a sustainable food resource.
Efficacy of an inactivated Zika vaccine against virus infection during pregnancy in mice and marmosets
Authors: Kim In-Jeong , Lanthier Paula A. , Clark Madeline J. , De La Barrera Rafael A. , Tighe Michael P. , Szaba Frank M. , Travis Kelsey L. , Low-Beer Timothy C. , Cookenham Tres S. , Lanzer Kathleen G. , Bernacki Derek T. , Johnson Lawrence L. , Schneck Amanda A. , Ross Corinna N. , Tardif Suzette D. , Layne-Colon Donna , Mdaki Stephanie D. , Dick Edward J. , Chuba Colin , Gonzalez Olga , Brasky Kathleen M. , Dutton John , Rutherford Julienne N. , Coffey Lark L. , Singapuri Anil , Martin Claudia Sanchez San , Chiu Charles Y. , Thomas Stephen J. , Modjarrad Kayvon , Patterson Jean L. , Blackman Marcia A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus that can cause severe congenital birth defects. The utmost goal of ZIKV vaccines is to prevent both maternal-fetal infection and congenital Zika syndrome. A Zika purified inactivated virus (ZPIV) was previously shown to be protective in non-pregnant mice and rhesus macaques. In this study, we further examined the efficacy of ZPIV against ZIKV infection during pregnancy in immunocompetent C57BL6 mice and common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus). We showed that, in C57BL/6 mice, ZPIV significantly reduced ZIKV-induced fetal malformations. Protection of fetuses was positively correlated with virus-neutralizing antibody levels. In marmosets, the vaccine prevented vertical transmission of ZIKV and elicited neutralizing antibodies that remained above a previously determined threshold of protection for up to 18 months. These proof-of-concept studies demonstrate ZPIV’s protective efficacy is both potent and durable and has the potential to prevent the harmful consequence of ZIKV infection during pregnancy.
Heterologous AD5-nCOV plus CoronaVac versus homologous CoronaVac vaccination: a randomized phase 4 trial
Authors: Li Jingxin , Hou Lihua , Guo Xiling , Jin Pengfei , Wu Shipo , Zhu Jiahong , Pan Hongxing , Wang Xue , Song Zhizhou , Wan Jingxuan , Cui Lunbiao , Li Junqiang , Chen Yin , Wang Xuewen , Jin Lairun , Liu Jingxian , Shi Fengjuan , Xu Xiaoyu , Zhu Tao , Chen Wei , Zhu Fengcai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies suggests that additional coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine doses may be needed for individuals who initially received CoronaVac. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant adenovirus type 5 (AD5)-vectored COVID-19 vaccine Convidecia as a heterologous booster versus those of CoronaVac as homologous booster in adults previously vaccinated with CoronaVac in an ongoing, randomized, observer-blinded, parallel-controlled phase 4 trial (NCT04892459). Adults who had received two doses of CoronaVac in the past 3–6 months were vaccinated with Convidecia (n = 96) or CoronaVac (n = 102). Adults who had received one dose of CoronaVac in the past 1–3 months were also vaccinated with Convidecia (n = 51) or CoronaVac (n = 50). The co-primary endpoints were the occurrence of adverse reactions within 28 d after vaccination and geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies against live wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus at 14 d after booster vaccination. Adverse reactions after vaccination were significantly more frequent in Convidecia recipients but were generally mild to moderate in all treatment groups. Heterologous boosting with Convidecia elicited significantly increased GMTs of neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 than homologous boosting with CoronaVac in participants who had previously received one or two doses of CoronaVac. These data suggest that heterologous boosting with Convidecia following initial vaccination with CoronaVac is safe and more immunogenic than homologous boosting.