bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dilation versus laser resection in subglottic stenosis: protocol for a prospective international multicentre randomised controlled trial (AERATE trial)
Authors: Soumagne Thibaud , Guibert Nicolas , Atallah Ihab , Lacasse Yves , Dutau Hervé , Fortin Marc 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSubglottic stenosis (SGS) is a rare condition that results from progressive narrowing of the upper airways. Outcomes and treatment options depend on the benign or complex nature of the stenosis. Treatment options for SGS include surgery and endoscopic techniques. The main endoscopic techniques used are dilation and laser resection. Observational and retrospective studies suggest that endoscopic laser resection may be more effective than dilation. We, therefore, aimed to compare the effectiveness of dilation and laser resection in preventing recurrence of SGS.Methods and analysisAERATE (dilAtion vs laser Endoscopic Resection in subglottic trAcheal sTEnosis) is a multicentre, investigator-initiated, randomised controlled trial, comparing endoscopic dilation to endoscopic laser resection for simple benign SGS (less than 1 cm long without underlying cartilaginous damage) referred for endoscopic treatment (first treatment or recurrence). The study will be conducted in three centres in France and one in Canada with other centres from France and Canada expected to join. The primary outcome is the recurrence rate of stenosis at 2 years. Recurrence is defined as having a new onset of symptoms along with a stenosis of more than 40% (confirmed by bronchoscopy) requiring a new procedure. A sample size of 100 patients is calculated for the primary endpoint assuming a 10% recurrence rate in the laser resection group and 33% in the dilation group with a statistical significance level of 5%, a power of 80%.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by local and national ethics committees as required. Results will be published, and trial data will be made available.Trial registration numberNCT04719845.
Decision regret regarding treatments among women with early-stage breast cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Liu Jing , Hunter Sharyn , Zhu Jiemin , Lee Regina Lai-Tong , Chan Sally Wai-Chi 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionWomen with early-stage breast cancer (EBC) are commonly required to make treatment decisions. Decision regret regarding treatments is an adverse outcome that negatively affects women’s psychological well-being and quality of life. A systematic review will be conducted to synthesise evidence about decision regret among women regarding treatments for EBC. The study will focus on levels of decision regret, what is regretted, and the factors associated with decision regret.Methods and analysisA systematic review will be conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 checklist. Electronic databases, including CINAHL Complete, Embase, PubMed, Medline and Web of Science, will be searched for relevant articles published from 2000 to 2021. The reference lists of eligible studies will also be manually searched. All types of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies that report on decision regret regarding treatments among women with EBC will be included. The primary outcome of this review will be women’s levels of decision regret regarding breast cancer treatments. The secondary outcomes will include the content of their regrets, and the factors contributing to decision regret. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. Meta-analysis and thematic synthesis approaches will be used to synthesise quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. A convergent parallel approach will be used to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review. The findings of this work will be disseminated at international conferences and peer-reviewed journals. The findings of this systematic review will inform the development of decision interventions to improve the decision outcomes of breast cancer treatments.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021260041.
Association of ectatic non-infarct-related artery with 1-month stent thrombosis in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Zeren Gönül , Avci İlhan İlker , Sungur Mustafa Azmi , Şimşek Barış , Sungur Aylin , Yılmaz Mehmet Fatih , Can Fatma , Gurkan Ufuk , Karabay Can Yücel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEctatic infarct-related artery (IRA) has been shown to be associated with higher thrombus burden, no-reflow, stent thrombosis (ST) and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The effect of ectatic non-IRA on ST without ectatic IRA is not known. We aimed to assess the effect of ectatic non-IRA presence on ST within 1 month after primary percutaneous intervention (pPCI) in patients with STEMI.MethodsA total of 1541 patients with a diagnosis of STEMI and underwent pPCI between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively included in the study. Patients with and without 1 month ST were compared. Penalised logistic regression method was used to assess the association between ST and candidate predictors due to the risk of overfitting.ResultsMedian age of the study group was 56.5 (48.7 to 67.2) years. The Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score, ectatic non-IRA presence and use of tirofiban were significantly higher in the ST group (18.2±9.9 vs 15.1±9.9, p=0.03; 25% vs 7.2%, p&lt;0.001; 54.2% vs 30.5%, p&lt;0.001; respectively). Significantly higher thrombus aspiration (14.3% vs 6.7%, p=0.03) and lower stent implantation (67.7% vs 84%, p&lt;0.001) rates were observed in ectatic IRA group compared with ectatic non-IRA group. In multivariable analysis, ectatic non-IRA presence was independently associated with 1-month ST (OR 4.01, 95% CI 1.86 to 8.63, p=0.01).ConclusionEctatic non-IRA presence without ectatic IRA in patients with STEMI increases the risk of ST within the first month of pPCI.
Prevalence of Neuropathic Component in Post-COVID Pain Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Herrero-Montes Manuel , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Ferrer-Pargada Diego , Tello-Mena Sandra , Cancela-Cilleruelo Ignacio , Rodríguez-Jiménez Jorge , Palacios-Ceña Domingo , Parás-Bravo Paula 
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To investigate the prevalence of neuropathic pain symptoms and to analyze the correlation between neuropathic symptoms with pain-related, psychological, and cognitive variables in COVID-19 survivors exhibiting “de novo” post-COVID pain. Methods. Seventy-seven (n = 77) previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors presenting with post-COVID pain completed demographic (such as age, height, and weight), pain-related (the duration and intensity of pain), psychological (depressive/anxiety levels), and cognitive (catastrophizing and kinesiophobia) variables. The Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) questionnaire was also assessed. After conducting multivariable correlation analyses, a stepwise multiple linear regression model was performed to identify S-LANSS predictors. Results. Participants were assessed a mean of 6.0 (SD 0.8) months after hospital discharge. Nineteen (24.6%) exhibited neuropathic pain symptoms (S-LANSS score≥12 points). The S-LANSS score was positively associated with the duration of post-COVID pain (r: 0.262), anxiety levels (r: 0.275), and kinesiophobia level (r: 0.291) (all,

P

< 0.05). The stepwise regression analysis revealed that 12.8% of the S-LANSS variance was just explained by kinesiophobia. Conclusion. This study found that almost 25% of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors with “de novo” post-COVID pain reported a neuropathic pain component. The presence of neuropathic pain symptomatology was associated with more anxiety and kinesiophobia, but only kinesiophobia level was significantly associated explaining 12.8% of the variance of the S-LANSS score.
Pathophysiologic and Pharmacologic Considerations to Improve the Design and Application of Antibody–Drug Conjugates
Authors: Boghaert Erwin R. , Cox Megan C. , Vaidya Kedar S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAntibody–drug conjugates (ADC) have emerged as one of the pillars of clinical disease management in oncology. The biggest hurdle to widespread development and application of ADCs has been a narrow therapeutic index. Advances in antibody technologies and formats as well as novel linker and payload chemistries have begun to facilitate structural improvements to ADCs. However, the interplay of structural characteristics with physiologic and pharmacologic factors determining therapeutic success has garnered less attention. This review elaborates on the pharmacology of ADCs, the pathophysiology of cancerous tissues, and the reciprocal consequences on ADC properties and functions. While most currently approved ADCs utilize either microtubule inhibition or DNA damage as primary mechanisms of action, we present arguments to expand this repertoire and highlight the need for payload mechanisms that exploit disease-specific vulnerabilities. We promote the idea that the choice of antibody format, targeting antigen, linker properties, and payload of an ADC should be deliberately fit for purpose by taking the pathophysiology of disease and the specific pharmacology of the drug entity into account, thus allowing a higher probability of clinical success.
“That They also Might Be [One] in Us”
Authors: Croy N. Clayton 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In John 17:20–21 Jesus prays for the unity of his followers, but the nature of that unity hinges on a textual variant. The text reads: “that they also might be in us.” The variant adds one word: “that they also might be one in us.” The manuscripts are closely divided. This decision must be made on internal evidence. If the number “one” is original, Jesus prays that his followers might enjoy unity with one another that is modeled after and/or enabled by the unity of the Son and Father. This is more in keeping with the immediate context and with Johannine theology in general. John’s Gospel repeatedly affirms the oneness of Jesus and his disciples, but it refrains from affirming the oneness of the Father and believers. The longer text yields the reading that was most likely original.
One and the Same?
Authors: Yoder Keith L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Readers of John from Origen to the present have asked: is the Lazarus of John 11–12 wholly separate from the Lazarus of Luke 16, or are they, somehow, one and the same? Whence John’s Lazarus, however, cannot be answered without also asking When, How, and Why. When was the story composed relative to the contiguous text? How is it interwoven with the rest of John? Whence came this otherwise unknown brother of Mary and Martha? Why is his story here at this turn in the Fourth Gospel? The interpretation of John’s Lazarus narrative has languished in virtual stalemate for some time. This study aims to bring new evidence to the table, to gain a fresh perspective on the composition of that story and its relationship to Luke 16, in the context of a carefully constructed array of network connections with earlier and later texts in John.
The Continuative Relative Clause in the Greek New Testament
Authors: du Toit Herman C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A scrutiny of the literature on the continuative relative clause (CRC) in the Greek New Testament indicated that several of its characteristics are not discussed, or in need of further examination. Drawing on insights in general linguistics, as well as literature on the relative clause in modern languages, a number of characteristics of the CRC are discussed in this article. These include the CRC’s characteristics as a member of the appositive group of relative clauses; the internal structure of the CRC’s antecedent; the position of the CRC vis-à-vis its antecedent; the CRC’s function to increase coherence within a sentence and paragraph; and the CRC’s function to denote foreground in narrative discourse.
Stability of the gut microbiota in persons with paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis and related demyelinating diseases
Authors: Liang Geoffrey , Zhu Feng , Mirza Ali I , Bar-Or Amit , Bernstein Charles N , Bonner Christine , Forbes Jessica D , Graham Morag , Hart Janace , Knox Natalie C , Marrie Ruth Ann , O’Mahony Julia , Van Domselaar Gary , Yeh E Ann , Zhao Yinshan , Banwell Brenda , Waubant Emmanuelle , Tremlett Helen ,   the Canadian Paediatric Demyelinating Disease Network
Published: March 2022

Objective: Examine if the gut microbiota composition changes across repeated samples in paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) or monophasic-acquired demyelinating syndromes (monoADS). Methods: A total of 36 individuals (18 MS/18 monoADS) with ⩾2 stool samples were included. Stool sample-derived DNA was sequenced. Alpha/beta diversities and genus-level taxa were analysed. Results: Mean ages at first sample procurement (MS/monoADS) = 18.0/13.8 years. Median time (months) between first/second samples = 11.2 and second/third = 10.3. Alpha/beta diversities did not differ between stool samples ( p > 0.09), while one genus – Solobacterium did ( p = 0.001). Conclusions: The gut microbiota composition in paediatric-onset MS and monoADS exhibited stability, suggesting that single stool sample procurement is a reasonable first approach.
Natalizumab treatment and pregnancy in multiple sclerosis: A reappraisal of maternal and infant outcomes after 6 years
Authors: Portaccio Emilio , Pastò Luisa , Razzolini Lorenzo , Moiola Lucia , Martinelli Vittorio , Annovazzi Pietro , Ghezzi Angelo , Zaffaroni Mauro , Lanzillo Roberta , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Rinaldi Francesca , Gallo Paolo , Gasperini Claudio , Paolicelli Damiano , Simone Marta , Pozzilli Carlo , De Giglio Laura , Cavalla Paola , Cocco Eleonora , Marrosu Maria Giovanna , Patti Francesco , Solaro Claudio , Comi Giancarlo , Filippi Massimo , Trojano Maria , Amato Maria Pia 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To assess the impact of timing of natalizumab cessation/redosing on long-term maternal and infant outcomes in 72 out of the original 74 pregnancies of the Italian Pregnancy Dataset in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Maternal outcomes in patients who received natalizumab until conception and restarted the drug within 1 month after delivery (“treatment approach,” (TA)) and patients who stopped natalizumab before conception and/or restarted the drug later than 1 month after delivery (“conservative approach,” (CA)) were compared through multivariable Cox regression analyses. Pediatric outcomes were assessed through a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: After a mean follow-up of 6.1 years, CA (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.1, 95% CI 1.6–10.6, p = 0.003) was the only predictor of relapse occurrence. Worsening on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was associated with higher annualized relapse-rate during the follow-up (HR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.4–7.9 p = 0.007). We found no major development abnormalities in children. Discussion: Our data confirm that TA reduces the risk of disease activity; we did not observe an increase in major development abnormalities in the child.
The expansion and severity of chronic MS lesions follows a periventricular gradient
Authors: Klistorner Samuel , Barnett Michael H , Graham Stuart L , Wang Chenyu , Klistorner Alexander 
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives: Expansion of chronic lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and recently described cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-related gradient of tissue damage are linked to microglial activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lesion expansion is associated with proximity to ventricular CSF spaces. Methods: Pre- and post-gadolinium three-dimensional (3D)-T1, 3D FLAIR and diffusion tensor images were acquired from 36 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Lesional activity was analysed between baseline and 48 months at different distances from the CSF using successive 1 mm thick concentric bands radiating from the ventricles. Results: Voxel-based analysis of the rate of lesion expansion demonstrated a clear periventricular gradient decreasing away from the ventricles. This was particularly apparent when lesions of equal diameter were analysed. Periventricular lesional tissue showed higher degree of tissue destruction at baseline that significantly increased during follow-up in bands close to CSF. This longitudinal change was proportional to degree of lesion expansion. Lesion-wise analysis revealed a gradual, centrifugal decrease in the proportion of expanding lesions from the immediate periventricular zone. Discussion: Our data suggest that chronic white matter lesions in close proximity to the ventricles are more destructive, show a higher degree of expansion at the lesion border and accelerated tissue loss in the lesion core.
Virtual and in-person visits by Ontario physicians in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Fu Rui , Sutradhar Rinku , Li Qing , Eskander Antoine 
Published: March 2022

Introduction We examined the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impact on weekly trends in the billing of virtual and in-person physician visits in Ontario, Canada. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, physician billing records from Ontario were aggregated on a weekly basis for in-person and virtual visits from 3 January 2016 to 27 March 2021. For each type of visit, a segmented negative binomial regression analysis was performed to estimate the weekly pre-pandemic trend in billing volume per thousand adults (3 January 2016 to 14 March 2020), the immediate change in mean volume at the start of the pandemic, and additional change in weekly volume in the pandemic era (15 March 2020 to 27 March 2021). Results Before the start of the pandemic, the weekly volume of virtual visits per thousand adults was low with a 0.5% increase per week (rate ratio [RR]: 1.0053, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0050–1.0056). A dramatic 65% reduction in in-person visits (RR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.32–0.39) occurred at the start of the pandemic while virtual visits grew by 21-fold (RR: 21.3, 95% CI: 19.6–23.0). In the pandemic era, in-person visits rose by 1.4% per week (RR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.011–1.017) but no change was observed for virtual visits ( p-value = 0.31). Overall, we noted a 57.6% increase in total weekly physician visits volume after the start of the pandemic. Discussion These results are meaningful for virtual care reimbursement models. Future study needs to assess the quality of care and whether the increase in virtual care volume is cost-effective to society.
Behavioral evidence for differences in emotional resonance during processing first and second language
Authors: Weimer Anna , Koniakowsky Ina , Nazir Tatjana A. , Huckauf Anke 
Published: March 2022

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Currently available data show mixed results as to whether emotional resonance is stronger for words expressed in the mother tongue (L1) compared to a second language, acquired later in life (L2). One reason for these discrepancies could be differential effects of individuals’ L2 learning history. We introduce an experimental paradigm that is sufficiently robust for testing outside the laboratory to reach a more diverse population. We illustrate this paradigm using 24 well-characterized Russian (L1)–German (L2) bilingual migrants. Design/methodology/approach: The paradigm consists of displaying an array of random letters that may contain a word, which participants must identify. Stimuli are displayed until response and the proportion of correct identification is used as dependent measure. Performance for neutral words is contrasted to swear or taboo words. Data and analysis: The interplay between language and word type is assessed with a 2 × 2 within subjects ANOVA. Findings/conclusions: At the group level, a swear or taboo word superiority in L1 and its absence in L2 is observed. At the individual level, however, the data show a clear divide depending on the age of arrival at the L2 country. Participants who arrived after mid-adolescence show a clear language effect. By contrast, individuals who arrived earlier, present a swear or taboo word superiority in either L1, L2, or in both languages. The age of arrival should therefore be regarded as a critical variable and averaging over bilinguals with different ages of arrival can distort the results depending on the relative size of the respective groups. Originality: The representativeness of test subjects is constrained by the availability of participants at the testing site. Testing outside the laboratory, at home or online, allows reaching larger and/or target populations. Significance/implications: By removing constraints on the availability of bilingual participants, our paradigm enables refined insights into how emotion shapes language processing.
European Expert Opinion on Infrarenal Sealing Zone Definition and Management in Endovascular Aortic Repair Patients: A Delphi Consensus
Authors: de Vries Jean-Paul P. M. , Zuidema Roy , Bicknell Colin D. , Fisher Robert , Gargiulo Mauro , Louis Nicolas , Oikonomou Kyriakos , Pratesi Giovanni , Reijnen Michel M. P. J. , Valdivia Andrés Reyes , Riambau Vincent , Saucy François 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to provide a consensus definition of the infrarenal sealing zone and develop an algorithm to determine when and if adjunctive procedure(s) or reintervention should be considered in managing patients undergoing endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods: A European Advisory Board (AB), made up of 11 vascular surgeons with expertise in EVAR for AAA, was assembled to share their opinion regarding the definition of preoperative and postoperative infrarenal sealing zone. Information on their current clinical practice and level of agreement on proposed reintervention paths was used to develop an algorithm. The process included 2 virtual meetings and 2 rounds of online surveys completed by the AB (Delphi method). Consensus was defined as reached when ≥ 8 of 11 (73%) respondents agreed or were neutral. Results: The AB reached complete consensus on definitions and measurement of the pre-EVAR target anticipated sealing zone (TASZ) and the post-EVAR real achieved sealing zone (RASZ), namely, the shortest length between the proximal and distal reference points as defined by the AB, in case of patients with challenging anatomies. Also, agreement was achieved on a list of 4 anatomic parameters and 3 prosthesis-/procedure-related parameters, considered to have the most significant impact on preoperative and postoperative sealing zones. Furthermore, the agreement was reached that in the presence of visible neck-related complications, both adjunctive procedure(s) and reintervention should be contemplated (100% consensus). In addition, adjunctive procedure(s) or reintervention can be considered in the following cases (% consensus): insufficient sealing zone on completion imaging (91%) or on the first postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan (91%), suboptimal sealing zone on completion imaging (73%) or postoperative CT scan (82%), and negative evolution of the actual sealing zone over time (91%), even in the absence of visible complications. Conclusions: AB members agreed on definitions of the pre- and post-EVAR infrarenal sealing zone, as well as factors of influence. Furthermore, a clinical decision algorithm was proposed to determine the timing and necessity of adjunctive procedure(s) and reinterventions.