bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the association between serum IgG of oral bacteria and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Yang Zhe-Yu , Fang Wen-Hui , Kao Chia-Chun , Chen Wei-Liang 
Published: July 2022

AimThis investigation explored the relationship between oral bacteria and metabolic syndrome (METS).Materials and MethodsThere were 4,882 subjects enrolled in this cross-sectional study from the NHANES III database. The severity of periodontitis was classified into mild, moderate and severe. We measured oral bacterial antibodies. We examined the relationship between serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies of oral bacteria and METS via performing multivariate regression analysis. Mediation analysis of oral bacteria on the correlation between periodontitis and METS was also executed.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, the serum IgG antibodies of P. nigrescens, E. corrodens, and E. nodatum were associated with the presence of METS (p = 0.006, p = 0.014 and p = 0.018, respectively). Furthermore, serum IgG antibodies of P. intermedia, T. forsythia and V. parvula were positively associated with the presence of METS (p = 0.001, p = 0.011, and p = 0.002, respectively) and ≥4 features of METS (p = 0.019, p = 0.025, and p = 0.02, respectively). P. intermedia IgG mediated 11.2% of the relationship between periodontitis and METS.ConclusionSerological markers of oral pathogens were correlated with the presence and the number of METS features after multivariable adjustment. Oral bacteria acted as a mediator of the correlation between periodontitis and METS. Our study provided a biologically plausible explanation for the association between periodontitis and METS, which provides a comprehensive evaluation of periodontitis.
External validation based on transfer learning for diagnosing atelectasis using portable chest X-rays
Authors: Huang Xiaxuan , Li Baige , Huang Tao , Yuan Shiqi , Wu Wentao , Yin Haiyan , Lyu Jun 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAlthough there has been a large amount of research focusing on medical image classification, few studies have focused specifically on the portable chest X-ray. To determine the feasibility of transfer learning method for detecting atelectasis with portable chest X-ray and its application to external validation, based on the analysis of a large dataset.MethodsFrom the intensive care chest X-ray medical information market (MIMIC-CXR) database, 14 categories were obtained using natural language processing tags, among which 45,808 frontal chest radiographs were labeled as “atelectasis,” and 75,455 chest radiographs labeled “no finding.” A total of 60,000 images were extracted, including positive images labeled “atelectasis” and positive X-ray images labeled “no finding.” The data were categorized into “normal” and “atelectasis,” which were evenly distributed and randomly divided into three cohorts (training, validation, and testing) at a ratio of about 8:1:1. This retrospective study extracted 300 X-ray images labeled “atelectasis” and “normal” from patients in ICUs of The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, which was labeled as an external dataset for verification in this experiment. Data set performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values derived from transfer learning training.ResultsIt took 105 min and 6 s to train the internal training set. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 88.57, 75.10, 88.30, and 81.70%. Compared with the external validation set, the obtained AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 98.39, 70.70, 100, and 86.90%.ConclusionThis study found that when detecting atelectasis, the model obtained by transfer training with sufficiently large data sets has excellent external verification and acculturate localization of lesions.
Developing “MinDag” – an app to capture symptom variation and illness mechanisms in bipolar disorder
Authors: Bjella Thomas D. , Collier Høegh Margrethe , Holmstul Olsen Stine , Aminoff Sofie R. , Barrett Elizabeth , Ueland Torill , Icick Romain , Andreassen Ole A. , Nerhus Mari , Myhre Ihler Henrik , Hagen Marthe , Busch-Christensen Cecilie , Melle Ingrid , Lagerberg Trine Vik 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThe illness course of bipolar disorder (BD) is highly heterogeneous with substantial variation between individuals with the same BD subtype and within individuals over time. This heterogeneity is not well-delineated and hampers the development of more targeted treatment. Furthermore, although lifestyle-related behaviors are believed to play a role in the illness course, such mechanisms are poorly understood. To address some of these knowledge gaps, we aimed to develop an app for collection of multi-dimensional longitudinal data on BD-relevant symptoms and lifestyle-related behaviors.MethodsAn app named MinDag was developed at the Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research in Oslo, Norway. The app was designed to tap into selected areas: mood, sleep, functioning/activities (social, occupational, physical exercise, leisure), substance use, emotional reactivity, and psychotic experiences. Ethical, security and usability issues were highly prioritized throughout the development and for the final app solution. We conducted beta- and pilot testing to eliminate technical problems and enhance usability and acceptability.ResultsThe final version of MinDag comprises six modules; three which are presented for the user once daily (the Sleep module in the morning and the Mood and Functoning/Activities modules in the evening) and three which are presented once weekly (Substance Use, Emotional Reactivity, and Psychotic Experiences modules). In general, MinDag was well received in both in the beta-testing and the pilot study, and the participants provided valuable feedback that was taken into account in the final development. MinDag is now in use as part of the research protocol at the NORMENT center and in a specialized treatment unit for BD at Oslo University Hospital in Norway.DiscussionWe believe that MinDag will generate unique longitudinal data well suited for capturing the heterogeneity of BD and clarifying important unresolved issues such as how life-style related behavior may influence BD symptoms. Also, the experiences and knowledge derived from the development of MinDag may contribute to improving the security, acceptability, and benefit of digital tools in mental health.
Study of CD27, CD38, HLA-DR and Ki-67 immune profiles for the characterization of active tuberculosis, latent infection and end of treatment
Authors: Díaz-Fernández Sergio , Villar-Hernández Raquel , Stojanovic Zoran , Fernández Marco , Galvão Maria Luiza De Souza , Tolosa Guillermo , Sánchez-Montalva Adrián , Abad Jorge , Jiménez-Fuentes María Ángeles , Safont Guillem , Romero Iris , Sabrià Josefina , Prat Cristina , Domínguez Jose , Latorre Irene 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCurrent blood-based diagnostic tools for TB are insufficient to properly characterize the distinct stages of TB, from the latent infection (LTBI) to its active form (aTB); nor can they assess treatment efficacy. Several immune cell biomarkers have been proposed as potential candidates for the development of improved diagnostic tools.ObjectiveTo compare the capacity of CD27, HLA-DR, CD38 and Ki-67 markers to characterize LTBI, active TB and patients who ended treatment and resolved TB.MethodsBlood was collected from 45 patients defined according to clinical and microbiological criteria as: LTBI, aTB with less than 1 month of treatment and aTB after completing treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with ESAT-6/CFP-10 or PPD antigens and acquired for flow cytometry after labelling with conjugated antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, CD27, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CD38, HLA-DR, and Ki-67. Conventional and multiparametric analyses were done with FlowJo and OMIQ, respectively.ResultsThe expression of CD27, CD38, HLA-DR and Ki-67 markers was analyzed in CD4+ T-cells producing IFN-γ and/or TNF-α cytokines after ESAT-6/CFP-10 or PPD stimulation. Within antigen-responsive CD4+ T-cells, CD27− and CD38+ (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific), and HLA-DR+ and Ki-67+ (PPD- and ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) populations were significantly increased in aTB compared to LTBI. Ki-67 demonstrated the best discriminative performance as evaluated by ROC analyses (AUC &gt; 0.9 after PPD stimulation). Data also points to a significant change in the expression of CD38 (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) and Ki-67 (PPD- and ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific) after ending the anti-TB treatment regimen. Furthermore, ratio based on the CD27 median fluorescence intensity in CD4+ T-cells over Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells showed a positive association with aTB over LTBI (ESAT-6/CFP-10-specific). Additionally, multiparametric FlowSOM analyses revealed an increase in CD27 cell clusters and a decrease in HLA-DR cell clusters within Mtb-specific populations after the end of treatment.ConclusionOur study independently confirms that CD27−, CD38+, HLA-DR+ and Ki-67+ populations on Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells are increased during active TB disease. Multiparametric analyses unbiasedly identify clusters based on CD27 or HLA-DR whose abundance can be related to treatment efficacy. Further studies are necessary to pinpoint the convergence between conventional and multiparametric approaches.
Diversity and composition of soil bacteria between abandoned and selective-farming farmlands in an antimony mining area
Authors: Duan Renyan , Du Yihuan , Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Yaqi , Hu Wei , Yang Li , Xiang Guohong , Luo Yucai 
Published: July 2022

Background and aimsLand abandonment and selective farming are two common management methods to restore the soil conditions of low-pollution farmland in mining areas. The soil bacterial community plays an important role in farmland soil restoration; however, few studies have compared the composition and diversity of soil bacteria between the abandoned farmlands (AFS) and selective-farming farmlands (FFS). Here, the effects of AFS and FFS on soil properties and bacterial diversity were evaluated in an antimony (Sb) mining area in southern China. This study aimed to identify effective land management methods in terms of positive or negative changes in soil environment and bacterial diversity.Methods16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to compare the diversity and composition of soil bacteria between AFS and FFS in the Xikuangshan (the largest Sb mine in the world).ResultsCompared to AFS, FFS had higher Sb concentration and nutritional properties (e.g., available N, P, and K) and lower Zn concentration (p &lt; 0.05). The bacterial alpha diversity including Chao1 index, Simpson index, Shannon index and Pielou−e index in FFS was higher than AFS (p &lt; 0.05). At the phylum level, FFS had higher relative abundances of Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Rokubacteria, and lower relative abundances of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, FFS had higher relative abundances of Acidothermus, Haliangium, and Rokubacteriales, and lower relative abundances of Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, and 67-14. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil heavy metal content and soil fertility were closely correlated with the soil bacterial community. Altogether, selective farming of low-pollution farmland in the mining area can improve soil properties and soil bacterial diversity.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living by Subjective and Objective Measures: The Impact of Depression and Personality
Authors: Numbers Katya , Jang Sujin , Brodaty Henry , Sachdev Perminder S. , Draper Brian , Reppermund Simone 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivePrevious research shows that depression and personality are independently associated with self- and informant-reports of the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). However, less is known about the association between depression and personality and performance-based measures of IADLs. We aimed to determine how depression and personality predict self-and informant-reports of IADL compared to performance-based measures of IADLs in a sample of older adults with normal cognition (NC) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).MethodsParticipants consisted of 385 older adults with NC (n = 235), or a diagnosis of MCI (n = 150), aged between 76 and 99-years from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological and clinical assessments to determine global cognition and clinical diagnoses. Personality traits were measured by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and depression by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Subjective IADLs were self- and informant-reported Bayer Activities of Daily Living (B-ADL) scales and objective IADL was the Sydney Test of Activities of Daily Living in Memory Disorders (STAM). Linear regressions examined the relationship between depression and personality and the three types of IADL measures, controlling for all covariates and global cognition.ResultsParticipant-reported IADL, although associated with global cognition, was more strongly associated with GDS and NEO-FFI scores (conscientiousness and neuroticism). Informant-reported IADL was strongly associated with both global cognition and participants’ GDS scores. STAM scores were not associated with participants’ GDS or NEO-FFI scores; instead, they were predicted by demographics and global cognition.ConclusionThese results suggest that performance-based measures of IADL may provide more objective and reliable insight into an individual’s underlying functional ability and are less impacted by the participants’ mood and personality compared to subjectively reported IADL. We argue that performance-based IADL measures are preferable when trying to accurately assess everyday functional ability and its relationship to cognitive status. Where performance-based measures are not available (e.g., in some clinical settings), informant ratings should be sought as they are less influenced by the participant’s personality and mood compared to self-reports.
Exploring the effects of peripheral sensibility on visuospatial and postural capacities during goal-directed movements in long-term Tai Chi practitioners
Authors: Shao Zhufeng , Li Li , Mao Min , Sun Wei , Zhang Cui , Song Qipeng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundFalls are directly related to visuospatial ability and postural stability. Perturbations of upper body movements pose a challenge to older adults and may cause falls. This study investigated visuospatial ability and postural stability during goal-directed upper body movements between the Tai Chi and control groups and tried to connect them with their sensations.Materials and methodsThirty-seven older adults were recruited to perform the touch (TT) and blind touch (BTT) tasks. The target positioning error (TPE), ankle proprioception, tactile sensation, time to stabilization (TTS), and maximum displacement (Dmax) of the center of pressure trajectory were compared between the groups during the tasks. The relationships of visuospatial ability and postural stability to proprioception and tactile sensation were investigated.ResultsDmax in the mediolateral (DmaxML) direction decreased during BTT compared to TT among the Tai Chi group but not the control group. Compared to the control group, less Dmax in the anterio-posterior (DmaxAP) direction, and shorter TTS in AP/ML (TTSAP/TTSML) directions were observed among the Tai Chi group. Compared to TT, DmaxAP decreased during the BTT. The Tai Chi group had less TPE in the vertical (TPEV) direction and in three-dimensional space. Among the Tai Chi group, TPEV, TTSML, and DmaxAP were correlated to their proprioception during plantarflexion; TTSAP was correlated to tactile sensation at the great toe during the TT and BTT; DmaxAP was correlated to tactile sensation at the great toe during the TT. Among the control group, TTSML was correlated to ankle proprioception during dorsiflexion and plantarflexion during the BTT.ConclusionLong-term Tai Chi practitioners exhibited superior visuospatial ability and postural stability during goal-directed upper body movements, which was associated with sensitive proprioception and tactile sensation.
Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy: The top 100 cited papers
Authors: Zhang Gui-Fen , Gong Wen-Xin , Xu Zheng-Yan-Ran , Guo Yi 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the common neurodegenerative diseases, which often coexists with epilepsy. It is very significant to study the treatment options and the relationship between AD and epilepsy.AimsThe purpose of this study was to analyze the top 100 cited papers about AD and epilepsy using bibliometrics, and to describe the current situation and predict research hot spots.MethodsTop 100 papers were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The WoSCC was used to analyze the author, institution, country, title, keywords, abstract, citation, subject category, publication year, impact factor (IF), and other functions. SPSS25 software was used for statistical analysis and CiteSpace V.5.7.R2 was used to visualize the information through collaborative networks.ResultsThe number of publications gradually increased from 2000 to 2021. The total citation count for the top 100 papers ranged from 15 to 433(mean = 67.43). The largest number of papers were published in 2016 (n = 11). Meanwhile, USA (centrality: 0.93) and Columbia University (centrality: 0.06) were the most influential research country and institutions, respectively. The top contributing journals was Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (8%). The IF for journals ranged from 1.819 to 53.44. A network analysis of the author’s keywords showed that “beta” (centrality: 0.39), “amyloid beta” (centrality: 0.29), “hyperexcitability” (centrality: 0.29) and “disease” (centrality: 0.29) had a high degree of centrality.ConclusionAD and epilepsy have been intensively studied in the past few years. The relationships, mechanisms and treatment of AD and epilepsy will be subjects of active research hotpots in future. These findings provide valuable information for clinicians and scientists to identify new perspectives with potential collaborators and cooperative countries.
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response after three doses of mRNA1273 vaccine and COVID-19 in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Han Maggie , Fuentes Lemuel Rivera , Thwin Ohnmar , Grobe Nadja , Wang Kevin , Wang Yuedong , Kotanko Peter 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIn hemodialysis patients, a third vaccination is frequently administered to augment protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the newly emerged B.1.1.159 (Omicron) variant may evade vaccinal protection more easily than previous strains. It is of clinical interest to better understand the neutralizing activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants after booster vaccine or COVID-19 infection in these mostly immunocompromised patients.MethodsHemodialysis patients from four dialysis centers were recruited between June 2021 and February 2022. Each patient provided a median of six serum samples. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against wild type (WT) or Omicron were measured using the GenScript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Kit.ResultsForty-two patients had three doses of mRNA1273. Compared to levels prior to the third dose, nAb-WT increased 18-fold (peak at day 23) and nAb-Omicron increased 23-fold (peak at day 24) after the third dose. Peak nAb-WT exceeded peak nAb-Omicron 27-fold. Twenty-one patients had COVID-19 between December 24, 2021, and February 2, 2022. Following COVID-19, nAb-WT and nAb-Omicron increased 12- and 40-fold, respectively. While levels of vaccinal and post-COVID nAb-WT were comparable, post-COVID nAb-Omicron levels were 3.2 higher than the respective peak vaccinal nAb-Omicron. Four immunocompromised patients having reasons other than end-stage kidney disease have very low to no nAb after the third dose or COVID-19.ConclusionsOur results suggest that most hemodialysis patients have a strong humoral response to the third dose of vaccination and an even stronger post-COVID-19 humoral response. Nevertheless, nAb levels clearly decay over time. These findings may inform ongoing discussions regarding a fourth vaccination in hemodialysis patients.
Essential tremor patients experience significant burden beyond tremor: A systematic literature review
Authors: Gerbasi Margaret E. , Nambiar Shruti , Reed Spencer , Hennegan Kalin , Hadker Nandini , Eldar-Lissai Adi , Cosentino Stephanie 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEssential tremor (ET) is among the most common movement disorders in adults. While ET is diagnosed and primarily characterized by the presence of tremor, it also can impact cognition, sleep, mood, and motor functioning more broadly. The manifestations of ET can have various consequences, including difficulty with activities of daily living (ADL), embarrassment, and overall decline in health-related quality of life, which have not been fully explored in prior studies.ObjectiveWe performed a systematic literature review to comprehensively characterize the burden experienced by patients with ET from the clinical and humanistic perspectives, focusing on outcomes beyond tremor.MethodsThis systematic literature review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library identified original, observational studies of the clinical and humanistic burden in adult patients with ET published in English between 2010 and 2020. Studies assessing epidemiology, treatment patterns, or disease management were excluded. Search results were screened according to pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data from included studies were collected, independently verified, and qualitatively synthesized.ResultsFollowing the screening of 2,303 records and 145 full-text articles, 39 studies were identified. There was significant heterogeneity in study designs, statistical approaches, and patient cohorts across the included studies. Patients with ET in these studies exhibited more severe disabilities and reduced independence compared to healthy individuals, and they often struggled to perform ADL and relied on caregivers for physical and emotional support. Patients also experienced various issues with movement and balance, increased risk of falls, depression, anxiety, poor sleep quality, and psychosocial consequences including embarrassment, apathy, and enfeeblement.ConclusionA systematic literature review of non-tremor manifestations and/or consequences of ET identified far-reaching negative impacts on patients' ability to function independently and revealed accompanying psychosocial effects, including social fear and embarrassment. The reduced function and psychosocial deficits observed in patients with ET result in significant clinical and humanistic burdens, decreasing quality of life. Future studies should evaluate this condition beyond the tremor itself to provide an improved understanding of the multi-dimensional burden of the disease, thereby highlighting the need to diagnose and appropriately manage patients with ET.