bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the utility and accuracy of body fluids containing red blood cells to determine canine and feline blood types
Authors: Garcia‐Arce Marta , Breheny Craig R. , Boag Alisdair M. , Llewellyn Efa A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the accuracy of using body fluids macroscopically suspected to contain erythrocytes to determine the blood type in dogs and cats by use of an immunochromatographic cartridge (ICC), compared to systemic blood as the reference standard.DesignProspective study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsThirty client‐owned dogs and 8 cats.InterventionsDogs and cats with a sanguineous or serosanguineous body fluid (SBF) that also required a blood sample were eligible for inclusion. PCV and blood type were determined in all blood and fluid samples. For body fluids with a low PCV and discordant blood type results compared to systemic blood, sample concentration and repeat blood typing from the fluid was performed when enough sample was available.Measurement and Main ResultsBody fluid samples consisted of 16 pleural (11 dogs; 5 cats), 12 peritoneal (10 dogs; 2 cats), and 4 canine pericardial effusions, 3 urine samples, and 1 each of feces and epistaxis from dogs and a seroma sample from a cat. Median (range) manual PCV of blood and fluid samples was 34% (14%–66%) and 6% (0.5%–70%) for dogs and 28% (14%–48%) and 14% (0.5%–19%) for cats, respectively. Dogs were correctly classified as being DEA 1 negative, DEA 1 positive, and DEA 1 weak positive when using body fluid for blood typing 13 of 14, 4 of 9, and 5 of 7, respectively. All reference blood type to fluid blood type (FBT) discordant results had a body fluid PCV equal to or below 2%. Subsequently concentrated body fluid samples had a PCV above 8% and repeat FBT matched reference blood type (RBT). All cats were classified as type A by all RBTs and FBTs.ConclusionsBody fluids containing erythrocytes may be utilized to blood type dogs if sufficiently concentrated and type A cats.
Effect of Mn Substitution on the Structure and Hydrogen Storage Properties of La0.75Ce0.25Ni5−xMnx Alloy
Authors: Jiaqi Duan , Zhenwei Wang , Jian Lin , Lijun Lv , Xingbo Han , Wei Liu , Jun Li 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, La0.75Ce0.25Ni5−xMnx (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting. The effect of the addition of Mn on the alloy microstructure and hydrogen absorption/desorption properties were explored by characterizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser particle size test, hydrogen absorption kinetic test, and P-C-T test. The XRD results show that the series of alloys are single-phase alloys composed of the LaNi5 phase, and the cell volume of the alloy gradually increases as the amount of Mn replacing Ni increases. The P-C-T curve of the alloy shows that the alloy has obvious hydrogen absorption/desorption plateau regions, which gradually decrease with increasing Mn content, while the hydrogen storage capacity remains unchanged. The hydrogen absorption kinetic curve of the alloy was tested, and it was found that the hydrogen absorption rate of the alloy increased with the increase of Mn content. These studies show that doping the Mn element in the La0.75Ce0.25Ni5−xMnx (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys may regulate plateau pressure without affecting the hydrogen storage capacity or kinetics properties, providing a reference for the application of this type of alloy in hydrogen pressurization, purification, etc.
Controllable Dealloying of a Cu-Ga Alloy and Its Application as an Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Jiayu , Yin Shuai , Xiong Gangyi , Guan Xianggang , Xia Jun , Li Jiajie , Zhang Shichao , Xing Yalan , Yang Puheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Porous metallic materials are widely used for lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes because of their low density, efficient ionic/electron pathways, and high specific surface area. In this study, we fabricate nanoporous Cu using chemical and electrochemical dealloying methods based on a Cu-Ga alloy. The effects of the dealloying conditions on the derived microstructure of the nanoporous metal and its evolution mechanisms are discussed. Analysis and control of the electrochemical dealloying process reveal that the sample morphology can be adjusted and the phase component can be controlled. Accordingly, a 3D CuGa2 electrode with a nanoporous structure is controllably synthesized, and it exhibits a higher specific capacity and cyclic stability than a 2D CuGa2 electrode when used as a LIB anode.
Supersaturated Solar Ponds for Enhanced Thermal Insulation by the Spontaneous Formation of a Thin Film Gas at the Bottom
Authors: Arias Francisco J. , De Las Heras Salvador 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work the novel approach of supersaturated solar ponds to enhance thermal insulation of the pond by the spontaneous formation of a thin film gas blanketing its bottom which is covered by active nucleation sites is discussed. Utilizing a simplified physical model an expression for the heat transfer and the increase of temperature at the bottom of the solar pond was derived.
Estimation of Hydrodynamic Forces on Cylinders Undergoing Flow-Induced Vibrations Based on Modal Analysis
Authors: Yin Guang , Janocha Marek Jan , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objective of the present study is estimating hydrodynamic forces acting on cylinders undergoing vortex-induced vibration (VIV) using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The cylinders are subjected to a uniform incoming flow at a laminar Reynolds number (Re = 250) and an upper transition Reynolds number (Re = 3.6 × 106) (Re = U∞D/ν defined based on the incoming flow U∞, the diameter of the cylinder D, and the viscosity of the fluid ν). Both a single cylinder and a configuration of piggyback cylinders are considered. Numerical simulations based on two-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations combined with the k−ω SST turbulence model are carried out to obtain the snapshots of the surrounding flow fields for DMD analysis. The DMD method is a powerful tool to obtain the spatial–temporal evolution characteristics of the coherent structures in the wake flow behind the cylinders. In the present study, this modal decomposition method is combined with a moving reference frame around the cylinders. The dominant DMD modes with their corresponding frequencies of the wake flows are identified and are used to reconstruct the flow fields. The large-scale shedding vortices are captured by the dominant modes. The reconstructed wake flow behind the cylinders is used to estimate the drag and lift forces on the cylinders combined with a force partitioning analysis.
Efficient Calculation of Hydrodynamic Loads on Offshore Wind Substructures Including Slamming Forces
Authors: Pakozdi Csaba , Kamath Arun , Wang Weizhi , Martin Tobias , Bihs Hans 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Estimation of the hydrodynamic loads based on strip theory using the Morrison equation provides an inexpensive method for load estimation for the offshore industry. The advantage of this approach is that it requires only the undisturbed wave kinematics along with inertia and viscous force coefficients. Over the recent years, the development in numerical wave tank simulations makes it possible to simulate nonlinear 3-h sea states, with computational times in the order of real time. This presents the possibility to calculate loads using wave spectrum input in numerical simulations with reasonable computational time and effort. In the current paper, the open-source fully nonlinear potential flow model REEF3D::FNPF is employed for calculating the nonlinear wave kinematics. Here, the Laplace equation for the velocity potential is solved on a σ-coordinate mesh with the nonlinear free surface boundary conditions to close the system. A technique to calculate the total acceleration on the σ-coordinate grid is introduced which makes it possible to apply strip theory in a moving grid framework. With the combination of strip theory and 3-h wave simulations, a unique possibility to estimate the hydrodynamic loads in real time for all discrete positions in space within the domain of the numerical wave tank is presented in this paper. The numerical results for inline forces on an offshore wind mono-pile substructure are compared with measurements, and the new approach shows good agreement.
Synergistic Lubrication for Textured Surfaces Using Polar and Nonpolar Lubricants
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhao Wenhan , Ma Qiang , Kouediatouka Ange Nsilani , Zhang Hui , Dong Guangneng , Hua Meng , Tam Hon-Yuen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The synergistic effect of surface texturing and lubricants with various viscosity and polarity properties is an attractive and unexplored topic. In this study, surface texturing characterized by circular dimples has been manufactured on steel surfaces in advance, which can improve the lubrication of frictional units compared with the bare disc under different lubricants. Then, three lubricants, low-viscosity and nonpolar white oil, high viscosity and nonpolar silicone oil, and highly viscous and polar castor oil, were used to evaluate the interaction between surface texture and the lubricating oil. The contact angles of each lubricant on the textured and bare surface were measured to investigate the lubricant intermolecular force and wettability. The oil film thickness simulation and tribological experiments were conducted. The tribological results indicate that lubricants with varied characteristics work differently due to their different properties on textured surfaces. Castor oil exhibits the best tribological properties of the three oils used to supply the textured surfaces, which may attribute to its ability to generate strong boundary adsorption films as well as a thickened interfacial layer, and it could reduce the intensity of asperity interaction.
Effect of Heat Temperature on Microstructure and Wear Mechanism of Laser Additive Manufactured Hastelloy C22
Authors: Wang Qin-Ying , Zhang Xing-Shou , Dong Li-Jin , Zheng Huai-Bei , Liu Ting-Yao , Xi Yu-Chen , Zhang Jin , Zeng De-Zhi , Lin Yuan-Hua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Residual stress is easily generated in laser additive manufacturing (LAM) alloys due to high-temperature gradient during preparing, which increases the failure risk of materials. A LAM Hastelloy C22 was prepared by rotating strategy in this study, and the wear mechanism induced by heat treatment was investigated. The microstructural results showed that the columnar structure with the size of 1 ∼ 4 μm and the cellular structures with the size of 0.3 ∼ 1 μm were observed in LAM Hastelloy C22. The samples consist of γ-Ni solid solution. Cr23C6 and the increase of MoSi2 content were found as the heating temperature increased. The mechanical results presented that compared with the as-received LAM Hastelloy C22, the residual stress and wear-rate of the samples heat treated at 600 °C, 750 °C, and 900 °C were reduced by 14%, 49%, 63% and 39.9%, 68.9%, 92.3%, respectively. The wear mechanism showed that heat treatment enhanced the wear resistance of LAM Hastelloy C22 by the integrated oxide layer and supporting effect of MoSi2 and Cr23C6. This research indicated that the microstructural evolution that enhanced the wear resistance of LAM Hastelloy C22 was predominant rather than the reduced effect from relieving residual stress after heat treatment.
Frictional Anisotropy of Oriented Carbon Nanotubes/Rubber Composites and New Insight Into Its Mechanism From the Perspective of Frictional Interface
Authors: Wang Ruilin , Huang Haibo , Qu Junhao , Ren Rui , He Huabo , Huang Feihong , Wang Yonggang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nanomaterials as reinforcement to enhance the properties of the composite and extend its potential applications have always shown great interest. As 1D materials, aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced composites could show different mechanical properties in different directions. In this paper, the frictional anisotropy of oriented CNTs/rubber composites at both macroscopic and atomic scales was investigated. Both physical experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to measure the coefficient of friction (COF) of rubber incorporated with CNTs oriented in different directions. The macroscale and nanoscale results qualitatively show good agreement. The COF and wear rate of CNTs-z/rubber are both lower than that of CNTs-x/ and CNTs-y/rubbers. That is, CNTs perpendicular to the sliding interface could further decrease the COF compared to those that are in the plane parallel to the interface. This may be due to the weaker adhesive ability, smaller real contact area, lower temperature, and higher anti-shearing ability on the interface. This work provides guidelines for the extension of the application and control for the CNTs reinforced composites.
Modeling Atomistic Dynamic Fracture Mechanisms Using a Progressive Transformer Diffusion Model
Authors: Buehler Markus J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDynamic fracture is an important area of materials analysis, assessing the atomic-level mechanisms by which materials fail over time. Here, we focus on brittle materials failure and show that an atomistically derived progressive transformer diffusion machine learning model can effectively describe the dynamics of fracture, capturing important aspects such as crack dynamics, instabilities, and initiation mechanisms. Trained on a small dataset of atomistic simulations, the model generalizes well and offers a rapid assessment of dynamic fracture mechanisms for complex geometries, expanding well beyond the original set of atomistic simulation results. Various validation cases, progressively more distinct from the data used for training, are presented and analyzed. The validation cases feature distinct geometric details, including microstructures generated by a generative neural network used here to identify novel bio-inspired material designs for mechanical performance. For all cases, the model performs well and captures key aspects of material failure.
New Guidelines on Assessing the Risk of Fatigue Failure and Remaining Life of Ageing Pressure Vessels:
Authors: Wintle John , Buennagel Emilie 
Published: September 2022

An assessment of the risk of failure from fatigue of ageing pressure vessels that are approaching or beyond design life is important for assuring on-going containment of hydrocarbon and other hazardous fluids and stored energy. Most operators rely on costly in-service inspections to gain the necessary assurance as many do not know how much of the design fatigue life has been used or remains. In practice, fatigue cracking is often difficult to detect because of the tightness of the cracks, and access and coverage for a good inspection can be quite limited, particularly when requiring hazardous vessel entry.
Ageing vessels on offshore installations are of particular concern because they cannot be easily inspected or economically replaced. A hydrocarbon leak from a fatigue crack in a pressure vessel could create a significant hazard. Some operators are therefore taking steps to assess the risks of fatigue failure of their vessels and taking measures to manage the risk.
The Energy Institute has recently published new Guidelines to assist operators to assess the risk of fatigue failure of their vessels. The Guidelines follow the recommendation from the UK’s Health and Safety Executive’s Key Programme 4 on ageing and life extension of offshore installations that “duty holders should consider the potential pressure and thermal fatigue risks to pressure vessels where these would be of high consequence”. The Guidelines provide a risk assessment tool to enable operators to screen and rank their vessels according to their relative risk of fatigue failure and recommend modern analysis methods and techniques by which the remaining fatigue life can be determined and improved.
This paper will describe the main features of the Guidelines and provide two case studies illustrating how two offshore operating companies have assessed the risk of fatigue failure of their ageing pressure vessels and allowed continued service.
Electroretinographic findings in retinal vasculitis
Authors: Ghoraba Hashem H , Matsumiya Wataru , Or Christopher , Khojasteh Hassan , Patel Prem , Karaca Irmak , Regenold Jonathan , Zaidi Moosa , Hwang Jaclyn , Lajevardi Sherin , Yavari Negin , Than Ngoc Trong Tuong , Park Sung Who , Akhavanrezayat Amir , Uludag Gunay , Yasar Cigdem , Leung Loh-Shan B , Nguyen Quan Dong 
Published: September 2022

Aim
To describe and correlate electroretinographic responses with clinical and angiographic findings in retinal vasculitis (RV).

Methods
Medical records of patients with diagnosis of RV at a tertiary eye centre from December 2017 to May 2021 were reviewed. Cases in which fluorescein angiography (FFA) and full field electroretinography (ffERG) were done within 1 month were included. FFAs were graded according to the Angiography Scoring for Uveitis Working Group from 0 to 40, where 0 is normal. A novel ffERG grading system was implemented where individual waves were graded for timing and amplitude and general ffERG score was determined with 6 being a perfect score.

Results
20 patients (34 eyes) were included. Mean age was 43.9±19.8 years; 70% were female. Median best-corrected visual acuity was 0.8 (0.08–1). Mean FFA score was 12.6±6.5. Median general ffERG score was 5 (0–6). 68% and 91% of eyes had responses with general ffERG scores ≥5 and 4, respectively. Flicker timing was most commonly affected.
FFA scores weakly correlated with delayed photopic cone b-wave and flicker timing (p=0.03 and 0.016, respectively). Vitreous haze moderately correlated with delayed cone b-wave timing (p<0.001), delayed flicker timing (p=0.002) and weakly correlated with lower flicker amplitude (p=0.03). Underlying systemic disease was associated with poor ffERG responses.

Conclusion
In this study, RV was not frequently associated with severe global retinal dysfunction Higher FFA scores, and vitreous haze grading were weakly, but significantly, correlated with cone-generated ffERG responses.
Cohort profile: maternal antecedents of adiposity and studying the transgenerational role of hyperglycaemia and insulin (MAASTHI)
Authors: Lobo Eunice , Ana Yamuna , Deepa R , Shriyan Prafulla , Sindhu N D , Karthik Maithili , Kinra Sanjay , Murthy G V S , Babu Giridhara R 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the transgenerational role of Hyperglycaemia and Insulin cohort in Bengaluru, South India, aims to understand the transgenerational role of increased circulating glucose levels or hyperglycaemia and other nutrients and psychosocial environment, on the risk of childhood obesity, as an early marker of chronic diseases.ParticipantsThrough this paper, we describe the baseline characteristics of the cohort participants and their children, along with plans and challenges. A total of 5694 pregnant women were screened, with 4862 (85.4%) eligible pregnant women recruited at baseline. We assessed anthropometry, Haemoglobin status, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), dietary practices, depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and social support in all women. Follow-up visits involved assessing anthropometry and the health profile of mothers and children.Findings to dateAmong 4862 eligible participants recruited, 3260 (67%) underwent OGTT, while 2962 participants completed OGTT (90.9%). During the pregnancy, 9.7% of women were obese (>90th percentile of skinfold thickness), and 14.3% had gestational diabetesmellitus. Moreover, 6.2% and 16.8% of women had symptoms suggestive of depression during pregnancy and the immediate postnatal period, respectively. We found that 3.3% of children were small for gestational age, 10.8% were large for gestational age and 9.7% of children were obese at birth.Future plansWe have completed recruitment and baseline data collection in 2019, and are conducting annual follow-ups until age 4 of the participant’s children. For delineating causal pathways of childhood obesity, blood aliquots are stored in the biorepository. The study will inform policy formulation and community awareness in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases and health promotion.
Simple signature/countersignature shared-accountability quality improvement initiative to improve reliability of blood sample collection: an essential clinical task
Authors: Wu Chenwei , O'Keeffe Chatty , Sanford Jesse , Hagel Jean , Childs Shelia , Evers Gary , Melbourne Julie , West Collyn , Koch Michael , Cornia Paul B 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTimely lab results are important to clinical decision-making and hospital flow. However, at our institution, unreliable blood sample collection for patients with central venous access jeopardised this outcome and created staff dissatisfaction.MethodsA multidisciplinary team of nurses including a specialist clinical nurse leader (CNL), the hospital intravenous team and quality improvement (QI) consultants aimed to achieve >80% blood sample collection reliability among patients with central venous access by employing a simple signature/countersignature form coupled with audit-feedback and behavioural economics strategies. The form was piloted on one 25-bed unit. Data were collected for 60 weeks and interpreted per standard run chart rules.ResultsBlood sample collection reliability exceeded the 80% goal by week 22. The practice was sustained on the pilot unit and spread successfully to other wards despite significant operational threats including the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionsAt our institution, a simple signature/countersignature form supplemented by audit-feedback and behavioural economics strategies led to sustained practice change among staff. The pairing of CNL to QI consultant enhanced change potency and durability.
Increasing grain yield while maintaining baking quality in Canada Western Red Spring wheat
Authors: Hucl Pierre , Briggs Connie , Shirtliffe Steve , Beres Brian , Spaner Dean , Dyck Adam , Gerard Guillermo 
Published: September 2022

Grain protein concentration (GPC) is considered one of the most important quality factors, and it has remained a major culling criterion in the Canadian wheat cultivar development and registration process. However, grain protein composition also plays a critical role in determining the end-use quality of cereal-based products. The objective of this study was to determine whether high-yielding, lower protein Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) analog wheat lines can exhibit acceptable baking properties (comparable with CWRS cultivars) under contrasting soil nitrogen levels. Five CWRS-analog lines together with four CWRS and one Canada Prairie Spring Red wheat cultivar, representing wide ranges of quality and grain yield potential, were assessed for agronomic and quality traits in multi-environment trials at three locations and five nitrogen fertilizer rates. CWRS analog lines produced significantly higher grain yield and, on average, 0.9% less GPC than the CWRS cultivars. Despite the lower GPC, CWRS-analog lines such as W07786 exhibited suitable and stable baking performance across all nitrogen levels. Based on the genotype × trait biplot analysis, CWRS-analog baking properties were mainly associated with sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation and flour water absorption. Our findings revealed that it is possible to develop wheat cultivars with up to 15% higher grain yield than modern CWRS cultivars and comparable end-use characteristics by reducing current GPC requirements (by up to 1%) while simultaneously selecting for improved baking attributes. This would facilitate an increase in CWRS grain yield genetic gains while maintaining favorable end-use quality and improving the crop competitiveness in western Canada.