bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homemade international diversification under economic policy uncertainty
Authors: Chen Jing , Fang Junxiong , Zhang Chunqiu , Zhou Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe examine how US mutual funds that invest domestically make portfolio adjustments by incorporating US‐listed foreign stocks (cross‐listed stocks) when faced with US market economic policy uncertainty. We document a positive association between US economic policy uncertainty and US mutual funds’ weight of cross‐listed stocks, and find that the effect is concentrated in funds that mainly invest in the US domestic market. The findings are not sensitive to the instrumental variable approach, model specification, sampling, variable definition, and controlling for macro characteristics. Funds with higher weight of cross‐listed foreign stocks when US economic policy uncertainty increases outperform other funds, indicating the rationality of such an investment strategy. A long‐short portfolio generates 3.4% annualized abnormal return in the immediate following quarter. Our study shields light not only on the international diversification benefit of US‐listed foreign stocks but also on the importance of capital market openness for domestic investors.
Endogenous Growth, Skill Obsolescence, and Output Hysteresis in a New Keynesian Model with Unemployment
Authors: LECHTHALER WOLFGANG , TESFASELASSIE MEWAEL F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe embed skill obsolescence and endogenous growth into a New Keynesian model with search‐and‐matching frictions. The model accounts for key features of the Great Recession: the “productivity puzzle” and the “missing disinflation puzzle.” Lower aggregate demand raises long‐term unemployment and the training costs associated with skill obsolescence. Lower aggregate employment hinders learning‐by‐doing, which slows down human capital accumulation, feeding back into even fewer vacancies than justified by the demand shock alone. These feedback channels mitigate the disinflationary effect of the demand shock while amplifying its contractionary effect on output. The temporary growth slowdown translates into output hysteresis.
Couples relationship standards and satisfaction in Pakistani couples
Authors: Ayub Nadia , Iqbal Shahid , Halford W. Kim , van de Vijver Fons 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRelationship standards are beliefs about what is important in a satisfying couple relationship, which vary considerably between cultures, and might mean that what couples seek from couple therapy differs across cultures. We assessed the standards of n = 49 Pakistani couples and whether those standards predicted couple satisfaction. To provide referents for the Pakistani standards, we also assessed selfreported relationship standards in n = 33 Western couples and n = 30 Chinese couples. Pakistani couples endorsed couple bond standards (e.g., expressions of love) as similarly important, and family responsibility (e.g., extended family relations) standards as more important, than Western or Chinese couples. In Pakistani couples, Couple Bond predicted couples' relationship satisfaction, but family responsibility and Religion predicted only wives' satisfaction. Modest sample sizes necessitate caution in interpreting results but suggest existing couple therapies might need modification to address the distinctive relationship standards of Pakistani couples.
The effect of patient characteristics on illness perception and sun protection behaviors in melasma
Authors: Nazli Ecem Cantürk , Avcı Ceylan , Akarsu Sevgi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/AimMelasma, a significant cosmetic problem, has been accepted by some authors as a photoaging illness in recent times. There is no published study evaluating the effects of the clinical and sociodemographic findings on illness perception and sun protection behaviors (SPBs) in patients with melasma.Patients/MethodsSociodemographic data, personal characteristics, and clinical features of 150 patients with melasma were recorded in this cross‐sectional study. They were analyzed for their SPBs in three groups as “never,” “rarely/sometimes,” and “often/always.” Patients completed the Melasma Quality of Life (QoL) Scale and Revised‐Illness Perception Questionnaire.ResultsMelasma patients with higher clinical severity and Qol scores, lower education level, concomitant chronic illness, and a history of previous melasma treatment thought more frequently that melasma had negative serious consequences. Majority of the patients blamed sun exposure as the cause of the melasma. However, SPBs were more frequent only in patients with higher socioeconomic and educational levels, a previous history of melasma treatment, and evaluating their disease as a chronic condition. Neither Qol nor clinical severity score had a significant effect on sun exposure causal attribution or SPBs. No significant effect of patients' perception of melasma was determined on the use of sunscreen or protective hat.ConclusionBeing aware of the factors affecting the perception of melasma and QoL of patients might be helpful in making persistent individual recommendations for the regulation of SPBs.
The relevance of perceived work environment and work activities for personality trajectories in midlife
Authors: Stahlhofen Lena , Hartung Johanna , Schilling Oliver , Wahl Hans‐Werner , Hülür Gizem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesWork is an important developmental context in adulthood, yet little is known about how it contributes to personality trajectories in midlife. The present study examines how subjectively perceived work environment (autonomy, innovation, social integration, stress) and objectively measured work activities (activities related to information and people, physical/manual activities) are related to levels of Big Five personality traits at age 44 and to change over 20 years.MethodsWe analyzed four‐wave longitudinal data from N = 374 participants (born 1950–1952; Mage T1 = 44 years, SD = 1; 44% women) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development and Aging (ILSE) within the structural equation modeling framework.ResultsAt baseline, subjective perceptions of work environments showed a higher number of significant associations with personality than objective work activities. Over time, small declines in neuroticism and extraversion and small increases in agreeableness and conscientiousness were observed, which were largely independent of work characteristics.ConclusionsOur findings show slight changes in most Big Five traits from age 44 to 64, which were mostly unrelated to work characteristics. More research is needed to uncover the sources and dynamics of personality trait change in midlife and the role of work for personality trajectories.
Geographic earnings inequality by race, 1960–2016
Authors: Nutting Andrew W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeographic inequality and racial disharmony are considered major factors in America's political divergence. This paper calculates geographic earnings inequality from 1960 to 2016 separately by race. From 2000 to 2016, White geographic inequality was significantly higher, and Hispanic geographic inequality was significantly lower, than Black and Asian geographic inequality. White geographic inequality rose from 1980 to 2008. Black and Hispanic geographic inequality fell from 1960 to 1980. Rural controls explain substantial shares of White geographic inequality in all years. Region and rural controls account for large shares of Black geographic inequality, especially from 1960 to 1990. Post‐1990, geographic inequality changes are largely explained by changes in overall earnings inequality, but 1960–1990 changes are not. Between‐race differences in geographic inequality translate into high‐income metropolitan statistical areas having had, since 1980, significantly smaller shares of Whites among their low‐income residents.
Physical activity, sleep and affective wellbeing on the following day: An experience sampling study
Authors: Hachenberger Justin , Li Yu‐Mei , Lemola Sakari 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThis study aims to investigate the temporal links between physical activity, sleep and affective wellbeing in young adults. In particular, the aim was to examine whether physical activity is associated with sleep indicators in subsequent nights and, in turn, whether sleep was associated with improved affective wellbeing the next morning. Relatedly, moderation by baseline levels of depressive symptoms, sleep quality, habitual physical activity and gender was analysed. One‐hundred and forty‐seven individuals (85.7% female) aged 18–25 years old participated in an experience sampling study over 14 consecutive days. Participants received seven prompts per day, and answered questions about their physical activity and affective states. Every morning, participants also reported their sleep. Physical activity throughout the day was not related to sleep during the following night or to affective wellbeing the next morning. An exception to that pattern was that physical activity before 14:00 hours was associated with longer subsequent sleep duration. Better subjective sleep quality predicted affective wellbeing the next morning. Associations of physical activity, sleep and affective wellbeing were not moderated by baseline depressive symptoms, sleep quality or habitual physical activity. However, investigation of gender as a moderator revealed that moderate physical activity was associated with better subsequent sleep quality for males, but not for females. Overall, we found that physical activity is associated with better subsequent sleep for males, but not for females. Also, our study provides further evidence that better sleep quality is associated with the next morning's affective wellbeing.
Theatre for children with profound and multiple learning difficulties: A Winnicottian perspective
Authors: Richmond Sarah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe London‐based Oily Cart theatre company aims to produce shows that are suitable forallyoung people. This paper closely examines one of their productions,Splish Splash, which was developed for children with profound and multiple learning difficulties. The paper's central purpose is to understand the value of this type of theatrical experience for these children. It argues that Winnicott's conception of play, and his account of the conditions that enable the capacity for play to unfold, provide a persuasive theoretical framework that makes sense of Oily Cart's achievement. Winnicott's framework can integrate the views expressed (in interviews) by adults who were involved with or observed the show; arguably it is also corroborated by more recent infant research.
Reconsideration of the firing loop models for dystonia and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Yokoi Fumiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a hypokinetic movement disorder with degeneration of dopaminergic and other neurons, whereas dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder caused by various pathogenesis, that is, sporadic, genetic, stroke, brain injury, and other diseases, such as PD. Dopamine receptor 1 (D1R) antagonist and dopamine receptor 2 (D2R) antagonist induce dystonic symptom in monkey. Consistently, D1R antagonist and D2R antagonist decrease locomotion in mice. Moreover, D1R knock‐out (KO) mice and D2R KO mice show motor deficits. In humans, dopa‐responsive dystonia (DRD) is caused by genetically defective dopamine (DA) synthesis. DYT1 dystonia and genetic mouse models show decreased striatal D1R and D2R. Therefore, PD, pharmacological dystonia models, DRD and DYT1 dystonia, have defective DA pathways. Firing of globus pallidus internus (GPi) neurons is increased in PD and dystonia with local anesthesia. However, the ordinary firing loop model cannot explain how defective DA pathways induce dystonia. PD shows thalamic neurodegeneration, whereas PD with dystonia has relatively intact thalamic neurons. Since thalamic GABAergic interneurons are innervated by GPi GABAergic neurons, here I propose to add thalamic GABAergic interneurons between GPi GABAergic neurons and thalamic glutamatergic neurons as thalamic inverse pathway for healthy condition and dystonia, whereas thalamic ordinary pathway due to degeneration of thalamic GABAergic interneurons is suitable to PD. On the contrary, PD with dystonia has both thalamic ordinary and inverse pathways. Although precise thalamic circuits have not been elucidated, discrepancy in the ordinary firing loop model for dystonia seems to be solved by the thalamic switch from dystonia to PD.
Combining the radiomics signature and HPV status for the risk stratification of patients with OPC
Authors: Wang Ping , Wang Xuan , Zhang Miao , Li Guang , Zhao Ning , Qiao Qiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to perform risk stratification of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) for treatment de‐escalation based on the radiomics analysis and human papillomavirus (HPV) status.MethodsA total of 265 patients with OPC who underwent baseline contrast‐enhanced computed tomography were analyzed, and the patients were grouped into the training (n = 133) and test (n = 132) cohorts at a ratio of 1:1. Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were extracted, and the radiomics signature (Rscore) was calculated using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) and Cox regression analyses.ResultsTwelve features were selected to establish the radiomics signature (Rscore) of intratumoral regions +10‐mm peritumoral regions, which yielded maximum AUCs of 0.835, 0.798, and 0.784 in the training, test, and validation cohorts, respectively. Patients with OPC were divided into the high‐risk group, intermediate‐risk group, and low‐risk group based on the Rscore and HPV status and had different prognoses. Patients in the low‐risk group benefit from radiotherapy alone, and patients in the intermediate‐risk group only benefitted from chemoradiotherapy.ConclusionThe radiomics signature appears to improve the predictive performance of clinical characteristics for oropharyngeal cancer. The combined stratification of the radiomics signature and HPV status might be preferred to select patients for de‐escalated treatment.
Local anxieties and world peace: Osias Parnes' late Habsburg career in international peace1
Authors: Park Andrew Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article examines the career of Osias Parnes, a little‐known figure in the Austrian peace movement and argues that, although his plans for world peace were ultimately inconsequential, his ideas are reflective of the way in which international visions actually encapsulated local preoccupations. Born into a wealthy Jewish family in the multiethnic and multiconfessional region of Galicia in the middle of the 19th century, Parnes would devote the latter half of his life to propagating an idea for an armed arbitral tribunal and a system of kindergartens to teach children a world language. Throughout his peace career, it is his concern at the nationalist disintegration of his homeland which dominates his ostensibly international visions.
Effect of biotin supplementation in infant formula: A multi‐center study in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Naoto , Shoji Hiromichi , Arai Hiroko , Tanaka Kyoko , Kakiuchi Satsuki , Yoda Hitoshi , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis non‐randomized intervention study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing infant formula with biotin on biotin metabolism and on development.MethodsWe enrolled healthy Japanese infants (n = 84) and assigned them to groups offered Formula A (total biotin, 0.5 μg/100 kcal) or Formula B (total biotin, 2.4 μg/100 kcal) until they were 6 months of age, and completed an additional follow up to age 36 months. Urinary biotin concentrations were measured at 1 and 6 months, and were compared among breast‐fed, Formula A‐fed, and Formula B‐fed infants at each age. In a follow‐up subgroup analysis, we compared scores on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, version 3 (ASQ‐3), from 9 to 36 months among infants continuously fed Formula A, Formula B, or breastmilk.ResultsNo adverse events occurred during the intervention period. At 1 month, urinary biotin concentrations were highest in Formula B‐fed infants and lowest in Formula A‐fed infants. At 6 months, Formula B‐fed infants retained higher biotin levels than Formula A‐fed and breast‐fed infants. Both differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The breast‐fed, Formula A‐fed, and Formula B‐fed groups had similar ASQ scores at 9–36 months.ConclusionsBiotin supplementation of infant formula contributed to improving biotin status in formula‐fed infants. The results support the official approval of the use of biotin in infant formula by the government of Japan in 2014.
Supply chain challenges in the post–Covid Era
Authors: Graves Stephen C. , Tomlin Brian T. , Willems Sean P. 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we reflect on the supply chain issues and operational challenges that we experienced through the various stages of the Covid‐19 pandemic. We identify some phenomena that were attributable in some way to the pandemic, and apply core principles of operations management, and a simple numerical model, to explain and understand their occurrence. We highlight some key lessons and discuss implications for supply chain design and planning, to prepare for the next global disruption.
Preparedness with a system integrating inventory, capacity, and capability for future pandemics and other disasters
Authors: Li Musen Kingsley , Sodhi ManMohan S. , Tang Christopher S. , Yu Jiayi Joey 
Published: September 2022

The chaotic response of the US Strategic National Stockpile to COVID‐19 during 2020 highlighted the inadequacy of the inventory‐based approaches to disaster response. This paper examines the integration of stockpile inventory, backup capacity, and standby capability to meet the disaster‐related surge in demand in the future. We present a two‐period model of such an integrated system for consumable items with uncertain demand that follows a general probability distribution. Our model incorporates standby capability in period 1 that can be converted to additional capacity for use in period 2, with the conversion yield being deterministic or stochastic. Our main results are: (1) Adding capacity in addition to inventory is beneficial only when the capacity reservation‐related costs are relatively lower than the inventory‐related costs. In this case, adding capacity will decrease the inventory needed in both periods, the shortfall probability, and the total expected cost. (2) Adding capability in period 1 is cost‐effective only when the ratio of capability‐development cost to conversion yield is lower than the capacity reservation cost. In this case, investing in capability results in less inventory and less reserved capacity in period 2. (3) Higher uncertainty in capability conversion yield reduces the attraction of developing capability in period 1. Consequently, less capability would be developed in period 1, while more inventory and capacity would be needed in period 2 in the face of a higher shortfall probability.
Strategies to be prepared for a risk communication crisis
Authors: Greenberg Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis introductory article describes a multistep process for communicating complex information from the perspective of the communicator. As part of the introduction to a special issue, it suggests three premises grounded in the literature and practice. One is an organization cannot risk communicate its way out of problems created by poor risk assessment and risk management. Second, poor risk communication can undermine satisfactory risk assessment and management. Third, a proactive plan grounded in risk analysis is essential and implemented with periodic training exercises. The article presents a step‐by‐step communication planning process that has been used in the field. Much of the special issue is devoted to the experiences of practitioners and communication experts in successfully communicating and listening to government and private organization representatives, media representatives, and the public about complex risk issues, focusing on nuclear‐related ones. The goal is to add to our collective experience on practices that work and do not work under the many conditions that involve risk communications. The ground is changing under risk communication because of the rapid expansion of media sources and technologies. What worked a decade ago may no longer be best practice. Common to success across media and audience is the need for a planning process that is adaptable to changing conditions.
The Germin‐like protein OsGER4 is involved in promoting crown root development under exogenous jasmonic acid treatment in rice
Authors: To Huong Thi Mai , Pham Dan The , Le Thi Van Anh , Nguyen Trang Thi , Tran Tuan Anh , Ta Anh Son , Chu Ha Hoang , Do Phat Tien 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYIn rice (Oryza sativa L.), crown roots (CRs) have many important roles in processes such as root system expansion, water and mineral uptake, and adaptation to environmental stresses. Phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene are known to control CR initiation and development in rice. However, the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in CR development remained elusive. Here, we report that JA promotes CR development by regulating OsGER4, a rice Germin‐like protein. Root phenotyping analysis revealed that exogenous JA treatment induced an increase in CR number in a concentration‐dependent manner. A subsequent genome‐wide association study and gene expression analyses pinpointed a strong association between the Germin‐like protein OsGER4 and the increase in CR number under exogenous JA treatment. The ProGER4::GUS reporter line showed that OsGER4 is a hormone‐responsive gene involved in various stress responses, mainly confined to epidermal and vascular tissues during CR primordia development and to vascular bundles of mature crown and lateral roots. Notable changes in OsGER4 expression patterns caused by the polar auxin transport inhibitor NPA support its connection to auxin signaling. Phenotyping experiments with OsGER4 knockout mutants confirmed that this gene is required for CR development under exogenous JA treatment. Overall, our results provide important insights into JA‐mediated regulation of CR development in rice.
Accuracy of anatomic 3‐dimensionally printed canine humeral models
Authors: Marturello Danielle M. , James Jordan C. , Perry Karen L. , Déjardin Loïc M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of various three‐dimensional print (3DP) technologies using morphometric measurements.Study designExperimental.Sample populationCadaveric canine humeri and size‐matched 3DP models.MethodsFiduciary radiopaque markers were affixed to canine humeri of three different sizes (4, 13, 29 kg) at predetermined anatomical landmarks. 3DP models were created using one of three printers; desktop printers Form 3L and Ultimaker 5S, and industrial printer Objet Connex (n = 5/group/printer). Marker based morphometric dimensions between cadavers and 3DP models were statistically compared using 2‐factor repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey's post‐hoc test (p < .05).ResultsBone size and printer type both significantly affected 3DP accuracy, with size having the larger effect (p < .0001 and p < .02, respectively). Regardless of printing technology, model size was smaller than native bone in most cases. At the humeral condylar level, the best accuracy was seen in the medium‐sized humerus with the Ultimaker printer ([0.09 mm], p < .03). Accuracy was reduced in the proximal humerus in all groups.ConclusionDesktop printers were overall more accurate than the industrial printer. Although significant differences were identified between models of different sizes, the submillimetric magnitude of these differences is unlikely to be clinically relevant.Clinical significanceWhile preoperative planning using 3DP models is becoming mainstream, accurate representation of the actual bone is critical. This study demonstrates that common desktop printers are suitable for this purpose.