bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation and Validation of Codephase Center Correction Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Breva Yannick , Kröger Johannes , Kersten Tobias , Schön Steffen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In high precision Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications, it is necessary to take phase center corrections (PCC) into account. Beside these corrections for carrier phase measurements, also corrections for the codephase are necessary, so called codephase center corrections (CPC). The CPC, also known as group delay variations, are antenna dependent delays of the received codephase, which are varying with azimuth and elevation of the incoming GNSS signal. A concept for estimating absolute CPC and PCC for multi GNSS signals has been established by the Institut für Erdmessung.
In this paper, the standard calibration approach with a sampling rate of 1 Hz is briefly described, which works well for PCC estimation. The main challenge of this approach for estimating repeatable CPC patterns is the significantly higher noise to pattern ratio in the observations compared to PCC determination. Therefore, an alternative processing strategy is presented in this contribution. By increasing the sampling rate to 10 Hz, the empirical mode decomposition can be used to reduce the noise of the input observations by maintaining all pattern information. With this method, the calibration repeatability is improved by 46% to 60% for GPS and Galileo C1C signals for a geodetic antenna. Moreover, the estimated pattern is validated in the positioning domain with a single point positioning approach. By considering the estimated CPC the accuracy of the height component can be improved.
“Everything But Ordinary”? Reflections on Extra-/Ordinariness in Life Course Transitions
Authors: Wanka Anna , Prescher Julia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTransitions in the life course imply a multitude of changes. To trace these changes, we draw upon the heuristic of extra-\ordinariness as an open and mutually relational conceptual bundle, and ask: How does everyday life change in transitions through the relationality between the ordinary and the extra-ordinary? Which practices mark the extra−/ordinariness of life course transitions? We illustrate practices of extra−/ordinariness in doing transitions with two research projects that focus on the transitions between childhood and adolescence, and between adulthood and old age. Based on the results, we conclude that extra−/ordinariness in transitions is threefold – it is a) a mode of producing, shaping and (discursively) marking transitions that operates via the production of a performative, public, visible contrast (difference); b) a difference that is itself constituted and shaped in the change of and the change between states, i.e., is constituted during transitions; and c) an ambivalent/ambiguous pair of terms that ultimately only exist in relation to one another and with which normativities and ascriptions of normality can be reflected. Hence, extra−/ordinariness is not a mere form of staging transitions, but a mode of producing and shaping them, as well as a heuristic that can significantly contribute to reflexive and relational transition research.
Becoming ‘(Ab-)Normal’: Normality, Deviance, and Doing Life Course Transitions
Authors: Boll Tobias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines how a particular kind of life course transitions, those between affiliations to categories of “human distinctions” like gender, ethnicity, or age, are culturally observed in terms of their normality or deviance. It asks how framings and doings of such transitions as (not) ‘normal’ are related to those of individuals in transition. To this end, it introduces the analytical framework of “un/doing differences” as a way of understanding categorizations of humans as the product of drawing distinctions and connects it to the concept of “doing transitions”. It argues that doing transitions can be understood as one mode of un/doing differences. To illustrate this point, the chapter presents reflections on how affiliations to human categories, combinations of affiliations, and of doing transitions between them are linked to cultural definitions of normality and deviance.
Bodies in Transition. Gendered and Medicalized Discourses in Pregnancy Advice Literature
Authors: Krumbügel Janne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBodily changes and processes play a crucial role in the emergence of life course transitions. Pregnancy is a clear example of this, being a temporary corporeal and transitional, biographical state. While bodily and material aspects of transitions are often naturalized, this chapter highlights discourses that give culturally and historically contingent meaning to the pregnant body and its changes. Focusing on German pregnancy advice literature, it shows how discourses on bodies in transition are articulated with medical risk concepts and gendered ideals to form specific normative notions of doing pregnancy as well as being pregnant the “right” way. The ambiguous concept of pregnancy as a natural, healthy condition and in need of medical control strongly responsibilizes pregnant persons for the development of the fetus. Fathers-to-be figure as supporters and controllers, their involvement in pregnancy expressed in narratives about “pregnant men”. While gendered ideals are challenged by the bodily and practical changes during pregnancy, they are recalibrated and reproduced in advice discourse.
Young People’s Use and Construction of Institutional Support in Transitions from School to Work
Authors: Hirschfeld Heidi , Lenz Bianca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the transition from school to work, young people from socially disadvantaged backgrounds have been identified and addressed as a risk group for many decades. Many policies have been designed to support them during their transitions. Aimed at increasing employability through counselling and pre-vocational education or training, these programs are based on politically defined ascriptions of individual deficits regarding skills, knowledge and professional orientation. Young people are addressed as passive recipients of support by the policies but are simultaneously made accountable if support fails. Based on the biographies of young people in lower secondary school and of young adult clients of the “Jobcenter”, this chapter analyzes how these young people are actively involved in shaping their transitions. It reveals that the ways they use institutional programs of professional orientation and job counselling differ considerably, and that differences in their use of these programs are closely related to subjective meaning-making in the context of biographical construction.
Young Adults’ Exclusive Educational Careers in the Transition to Higher Education or Employment: Key Findings of a Qualitative Longitudinal Study
Authors: Krüger Heinz-Hermann 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of changing modes of transition in a highly segmented education system that also provides designated spaces for the education of internationally mobile educational elites and future functional elites in the social fields of sport, dance, music, and art. It focuses on a—at least in the German context—little-researched example of the institutional modes of doing transitions available to students on such exclusive educational pathways in their transition from school to university or school to work. The results underscore that the provision of an excellent school infrastructure alone does not guarantee a promising career transition. How these career pathways are shaped depends crucially on the interplay between institutional demands, regulations, and spaces of opportunity and young adults’ biographical orientations and how they are embedded in different, milieu-specific spaces of experience.
Organizations as Collective Subjects in the Formation of Transitions Over the Life Course
Authors: Heinrich Eva , Klevermann Nils , Schmidt-Hertha Bernhard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost transitions over the course of one’s life are embedded in organizations. Therefore, organizations can be understood as powerful actors in dealing with transitions. In organizations, subjects learn and practice requirements. And, if needed, the failure of an unsuccessful transition can be compensated for. But an organization can also be a shelter, a place for subjects to retreat from demands or to develop subversive practices. Accordingly, it would be insufficient to see organizations as merely institutionalized frameworks for transitions. Organizations are dynamic entities – sometimes more so, sometimes less so. And as such, they also undergo transitions. Using two empirical case studies, a relational perspective on the relationship between transitions and organizations is elaborated upon. After a brief introduction to an understanding of organizations as collective subjects, in a first approach we refer to transitions of organizations in their institutional environments. In the second approach, we focus on the interior and examine from different perspectives how transitions are produced and shaped in organizations. In a final synopsis, we discuss the key insights of a relational perspective on organizations for transition research.
Relative Time and Life Course Research
Authors: Sánchez-Mira Núria , Bernardi Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMainstream life course studies often draw on a conventional understanding of time as a unidirectional clock-based entity, which proceeds in a uniform and linear manner. This chapter argues that, in order to understand the social, relational and psychological processes of change and continuity that characterize life course processes, we need to adopt a more comprehensive and explicit conceptualization of time—a conceptualization that goes beyond an absolute (linear, chronological, uniform) definition—to incorporate the notion of relative time. Drawing on insights from narrative and biographical research, discussions of the temporal embeddedness of human agency and multidisciplinary research on time perceptions and time perspectives, we propose a definition of relative time based on three main characteristics: its multidirectional, elastic and telescopic nature. The chapter promotes the integration of absolute and relative time in the study of life course processes, and the important role of prospective qualitative research in this respect and outlines future avenues for research in this direction.
Personalentwicklung in Schulen als Führungsaufgabe. Eine Einleitung
Authors: Thiel Felicitas , Schewe Claudia Manuela 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Zuge schulischer Reformen der vergangenen Jahre wurden Aufgaben der Personalentwicklung von der Schulaufsicht an die Schulleiterin bzw. den Schulleiter delegiert. Für die Verankerung von Aktivitäten der Personalentwicklung an den Einzelschulen spielen rechtliche Regelungen eine entscheidende Rolle. Bislang liegen keine Studien vor, die die rechtlichen Regelungen zur Personalentwicklung an allgemeinbildenden Schulen für alle 16 Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland systematisch analysieren. Die hier vorgelegte Studie schließt diese Lücke.Die vorliegende Einleitung skizziert die übergeordneten Forschungsfragen und steckt den Rahmen für die Untersuchung von Leitbildern, Instrumenten und Qualifizierungsangeboten zur schulischen Personalentwicklung als Führungsaufgabe ab.
Fortbildung und Kompetenzentwicklung als Kern schulischer Personalentwicklung
Authors: Schewe Claudia Manuela , Maritzen Norbert , Thiel Felicitas 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungFortbildung ist der Kern einer systematischen Personalentwicklung. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse rechtlicher Regelungen zum Umfang von Fortbildungsverpflichtungen, zur Fortbildungsplanung sowie zur Vereinbarung, Anordnung und Überprüfung von Fortbildungsaktivitäten der Lehrkräfte werden im Ländervergleich dargestellt.Die Länder unterscheiden sich deutlich hinsichtlich der Instrumente, die Schulleiterinnen und Schulleiter zur Vereinbarung, Anordnung und Überprüfung von Fortbildungsaktivitäten der Lehrkräfte nutzen können. Insgesamt besteht eher ein Mangel an verbindlichen Regelungen. Zwischen den Erwartungen an Schulleiterinnen und Schulleitern, für eine kontinuierliche und qualitativ hochwertige Fortbildung der Lehrkräfte Sorge zu tragen und den bereitgestellten Instrumenten und Entscheidungsspielräumen besteht in den meisten Ländern eine deutliche Diskrepanz.
Motivation
Authors: Wiedemann Martin 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungFür eine emissionsminimale – im Idealfall emissionsfreie – Luftfahrt werden aktuell Alternativen zu Kerosin als Energieträger diskutiert. Diese werden jedoch voraussichtlich bedingt verfügbar, teuer und nach heutigem Wissensstand auch nicht gänzlich emissionsfrei sein. Technologien des Systemleichtbaus zur Energieeinsparung künftiger Verkehrsflugzeuge werden daher einen wesentlichen Anteil an der Zielerreichung haben.
Systemleichtbau mit Integration passiver Funktionen
Authors: Wiedemann Martin 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungPassive Funktionen dienen nicht der Lastabtragung alleine, wie im klassischen Leichtbau, sondern erfüllen weitere Anforderungen an das Gesamtprodukt, wie z. B. eine Minimierung des aerodynamischen Strömungswiderstands, Bereitstellung elektrischer Leitfähigkeit und thermischer oder akustischer Dämmung.
Loops, local corrections and warping in the LVS and other type IIB models
Authors: Gao Xin , Hebecker Arthur , Schreyer Simon , Venken Gerben 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To establish metastable de Sitter vacua or even just scale-separated AdS, control over perturbative corrections to the string-derived leading-order 4d lagrangian is crucial. Such corrections can be classified in three types: first, there are genuine loop effects, insensitive to the UV completion of the 10d theory. Second, there are local α′ corrections or, equivalently, 10d higher-dimension operators which may or may not be related to loop-effects. Third, warping corrections affect the 4d Kahler potential but are expected not to violate the 4d no-scale structure. With this classification in mind, we attempt to derive the Berg-Haack-Pajer conjecture for Kahler corrections in type-IIB Calabi-Yau orientifolds and extend it to include further terms. This is crucial since the interesting applications of this conjecture are in the context of generic Calabi-Yau geometries rather than in the torus-based models from which the main motivation originally stems. As an important by-product, we resolve a known apparent inconsistency between the parametric behaviour of string loop results and field-theoretic expectations. Our findings lead to some interesting new statements concerning loop effects associated with blowup-cycles, loop corrections in fibre inflation, and possible logarithmic effects in the Kahler and scalar potential.
Flows of extremal attractor black holes
Authors: Iizuka Norihiro , Ishibashi Akihiro , Maeda Kengo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study flows of non-supersymmetric attractor black holes in the context of gauge/gravity correspondence. As our bulk theory, we consider the Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton system with a single dilaton field coupled to two Maxwell fields and make a relevant deformation by adding a bare potential to the dilaton field. We find two types of extremal black hole solutions with attractor mechanism: the one smooth at the horizon and the other non-smooth. We show from both bulk and boundary theory perspective that the former is thermodynamically unstable, while the latter is stable.
On the real-time evolution of pseudo-entropy in 2d CFTs
Authors: Guo Wu-zhong , He Song , Zhang Yu-Xuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we study the real-time evolution of pseudo-(Rényi) entropy, a generalization of entanglement entropy, in two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs). We focus on states obtained by acting primary operators located at different space points or their linear combinations on the vacuum. We show the similarities and differences between the pseudo-(Rényi) entropy and entanglement entropy. For excitation by a single primary operator, we analyze the behaviors of the 2nd pseudo-Rényi entropy in various limits and find some symmetries associated with the subsystem and the positions of the inserted operators. For excitation by linear combinations, the late time limit of the nth pseudo-Rényi entropy shows a simple form related to the coefficients of the combinations and Rényi entropy of the operators, which can be derived by using the Schmidt decomposition. Further, we find two kinds of particular spatial configurations of insertion operators in one of which the pseudo-(Rényi) entropy remains real throughout the time evolution.
New methods for old problems: vacua of maximal D = 7 supergravities
Authors: Partipilo Dario 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Finding vacua of supergravity theories is an outstanding problem which has been tackled in several ways, and with this work we add a new method to the puzzle. We analyse the scalar sector of maximal gauged supergravity theories in seven space-time dimensions. We look for vacua of the theory by varying the embedding tensor, instead of directly minimising the scalar potential. The set of quadratic constraints arising from this procedure has been solved by means of Evolution Strategies optimisation techniques, also adopted in Artificial Intelligence studies. We develop some methods to reconstruct and obtain analytical results starting from numerical outcomes, thus obtaining the complete mass spectra. In addition to some of the known vacua, we also obtain two new Minkowski vacua.
Supergravities on branes
Authors: Leung Rahim , Stelle K.S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Supergravity brane solutions allow for a generalised type of Kaluza-Klein reduction onto brane worldvolumes. The known replacement of a flat worldvolume metric by a Ricci-flat metric constitutes a consistent Kaluza-Klein truncation of the starting higher-dimensional supergravity theory down to a lower-dimensional pure gravity theory.This paper shows how to extend such a brane-worldvolume pure-gravity consistent truncation to that for a full nonlinear supergravity theory for the Type IIB D3-brane and the M-theory/Type IIA M5-brane. The extension of worldvolume supersymmetry is given by the unbroken supersymmetry of the original flat “skeleton” brane. Compatibility with further worldvolume diagonal and transverse vertical dimensional reductions is also shown, providing the brane-worldvolume supergravity embeddings of all descendants of the skeleton D3- and M5-branes. Examples are given of brane-worldvolume supergravity solutions embedded into the corresponding higher-dimensional supergravities.
The Conjugacy Stability Problem for Parabolic Subgroups in Artin Groups
Authors: Cumplido María 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGiven an Artin group A and a parabolic subgroup P, we study if every two elements of P that are conjugate in A, are also conjugate in P. We provide an algorithm to solve this decision problem if A satisfies three properties that are conjectured to be true for every Artin group. This allows to solve the problem for new families of Artin groups. We also partially solve the problem if A has FC-type, and we totally solve it if A is isomorphic to a free product of Artin groups of spherical type. In particular, we show that in this latter case, every element of A is contained in a unique minimal (by inclusion) parabolic subgroup.
Why not? Motivations for entering a volunteer register for clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Russo Selena , Bani Marco , Terraneo Marco , Quaglia Valeria , Nuvolati Giampaolo , Cavaliere Rebecca , Capici Serena , Cazzaniga Marina Elena , Strepparava Maria Grazia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds
Healthy volunteers play a key role in clinical trials and it is crucial to develop recruitment strategies that capitalise on their motivations and maximise their participation. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of finding motivated healthy volunteers for the development of new vaccines. Public registers represent a promising way to promote the participation of healthy volunteers in the research field, but their adoption is still limited. The current study aimed to explore the motivations of healthy volunteers to enrol in an Italian public register for clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic and their attitude toward participating in a phase 1 COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial. The impacts of different enrolling interview modalities (in person, by phone, by mail) on motivation, understanding of information and trust in researchers were also investigated.

Methods
An online survey investigating experience with COVID-19, motivations to enrol, trust in researchers, political and healthcare authorities and pharmacological companies was presented to people applying as healthy volunteers in the public register for clinical trials at Phase 1 Unit Research Centre of ASST Monza, Italy, and considering to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial. Data were collected in June 2021.

Results
Altruistic motivations were the main driver for enrolling in the public register, while self-interested motivations were secondary. No gender differences were found. As for enrolling modalities, no differences emerged between in-person and interviews for motivation to enrol, understanding of information and trust in researchers. Email modality led to significantly lower volunteers’ satisfaction and understanding of information but similar trust in research.

Conclusions
This study supports the validity of different interview modalities (in person and by phone) for the enrolment of healthy volunteers for clinical trials and highlights the positive role of public registers for the recruitment procedures.
Stabilization of 3D Navier–Stokes Equations to Trajectories by Finite-Dimensional RHC
Authors: Azmi Behzad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLocal exponential stabilization of the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes system to a given reference trajectory via receding horizon control (RHC) is investigated. The RHC enters as the linear combinations of a finite number of actuators. The actuators are spatial functions and can be chosen in particular as indicator functions whose supports cover only a part of the spatial domain.
Suitability of anaerobic fungi culture supernatant or mixed ruminal fluid as novel silage additives
Authors: Hartinger Thomas , Fliegerová Katerina , Zebeli Qendrim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigated silage quality characteristics and ruminal fiber degradability of grass and straw ensiled with either anaerobic fungi (AF) supernatant with active fungal enzymes or mixed ruminal fluid as novel silage additives. Compared to control silages, AF supernatant improved the quality of grass and straw silages as evidenced by decreased pH, acetic acid concentration, and dry matter losses. Likewise, mixed ruminal fluid enhanced lactic acid fermentation, which further resulted in lower pH of the treated grass silage. The ruminal fiber degradability was determined using in situ incubations and, compared to controls, the cellulose degradability was higher for grass silage with AF supernatant, whereas ruminal degradability of straw silage was reduced by this treatment. In contrast, mixed ruminal fluid did not influence fiber degradability of silages in the rumen. Concluding, both novel additives improved silage quality, whereas only AF supernatant enhanced ruminal fiber degradability of grass silage and therefore may represent an approach for improving forage utilization by ruminants.

Key points
• Enzymes of anaerobic fungi supernatant improve quality of grass and straw silages.
• Mixed ruminal fluid enhances lactic acid fermentation when ensiling grass and straw.
• Enzymes of anaerobic fungi supernatant increase ruminal grass silage degradability.