bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coding in Preschool Science and Mathematics Teaching: Analysis of Scratch Projects of Undergraduate Students
Authors: KARAKAYA CIRIT Didem 
Published: September 2022

This paper analyzed Scratch projects developed by undergraduate students. The sample consisted of 22 child development students (18 women and four men) in the 2018-2019 academic year. The study adopted an action research design within the scope of a course titled “Teaching Science and Mathematics in Preschool Education.” The research was conducted within 14 weeks. In the first four weeks, we provided participants with training on why and how to use Scratch in science and mathematics teaching. In the following ten weeks, participants designed Scratch projects every week based on age groups, topics, and learning outcomes of their choice. Participants evaluated their projects themselves and also received feedback from peers and academics. Each participant designed ten Scratch projects (five for math and five for science). The data consisted of 220 Scratch projects and design logs. The data were analyzed using content analysis. In the first weeks, participants knew little about the content of Scratch and used one or two characters and mostly control and looks blocks. In the following weeks, they learned more about Scratch and used different Blocks.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Scratch, science education, mathematics education, preschool education, coding
Meconio factor de riesgo para endometritis en puérperas post-cesárea electiva en Hospital Santa Rosa de Piura
Authors: Mejía Fernández José , Luna Lopez Manuel 
Published: September 2022

Objetivo. Determinar el meconio como factor de riesgo de la endometritis puerperal en puérperas post cesárea atendidas en el Hospital Santa Rosa II-2 durante el periodo 2018-2019. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de estudio de casos y controles, en el que se incluyeron a postcesareadas con y sin endometritis puerperal, atendidas en el Hospital Santa Rosa II-2 entre el 2018 y 2019. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y analítica para determinar la asociación entre la presencia de líquido meconial y endometritis puerperal. Resultados. En las mujeres postcesareadas que se identificó líquido meconial, tuvieron el doble de riesgo de presentar endometritis puerperal, p<0.05, IC:1.16-3.11, OR=1.9. Conclusión. La presencia de líquido meconial es un factor de riesgo para presentar endometritis puerperal, en post cesareadas.
Manejo activo de la tercera etapa del parto salva vidas
Authors: Guevara Ríos Enrique 
Published: September 2022

La hemorragia obstétrica es la principal causa de muerte materna en el Perú en los últimos años, con el 23.1%; sin embargo, en el 2018 ocupó el segundo lugar por primera vez, ocupando el primer lugar la preeclampsia. En el 2019 volvió a ocupar el primer lugar, y en el 2020, ya con la pandemia por COVID-19, volvió a ocupar segundo lugar con 18.8%. Finalmente, en el 2021 ocupó el tercer lugar con el 18.8%, superado por la muerte materna por COVID-19 seguido de la preeclampsia1.
La principal causa de hemorragia obstétrica es la hemorragia postparto (HPP) que se define como la pérdida de sangre igual o mayor de 1000 ml que produzca inestabilidad hemodinámica dentro de las 24 horas después del nacimiento2.
La HPP es causada principalmente por la atonía uterina en aproximadamente el 70% de los casos; en menor frecuencia por las laceraciones del canal del parto, la retención de placenta y los defectos de la coagulación3. En los últimos años se ha producido un incremento de la HPP por el espectro de la placenta accreta.
Pese a que la HHP es tan frecuente, en la mayoría de hospitales nacionales, regionales, de apoyo y en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, no sucede esto. Debido a que se utiliza en el periodo del alumbramiento, el manejo activo de la tercera etapa del parto. Esta estrategia que consiste en la administración de oxitocina intramuscular después de producido el nacimiento, ha demostrado que disminuye drásticamente la HPP por atonía uterina y por retención de placenta. Por otro lado ha demostrado que disminuye significativamente el volumen sangrado post parto, el tiempo de expulsión de la placenta y la necesidad de transfusiones sanguíneas4.
Desde hace más de dos décadas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal se viene utilizando el manejo activo del tercer periodo del parto, que consiste en la administración de oxitocina IM o IV luego de producido el nacimiento, pinzamiento temprano del cordón umbilical y tracción controlada del cordón umbilical5,6.
El resultado de usar esta estrategia, es que la HPP ocupa el segundo lugar como causa de causa de muerte materna en el INMP entre el 2007 y el 2021, con un 12% de un total de 111 muertes maternas en ese periodo. La primera causa de muerte es la preeclampsia con un 43% y muy cerca de la HPP está el aborto con un 11%7.
Al mismo tiempo es la segunda causa de morbilidad materna extrema entre los años 2017 al 2021. De un total de 1340 casos de morbilidad materna extrema en ese periodo, la primera causa fue la preeclampsia con 747 casos (56%) y en segundo lugar fue la hemorragia postparto con 153 casos (11%) y en tercer lugar la sepsis no obstétrica con 133 casos (9.9%)7.
El uso de la oxitocina en la prevención de la HPP ha demostrado que debe ser utilizada en todos los partos institucionales y en todos los niveles de atención a nivel nacional. Con ello se estará contribuyendo a disminuir la mortalidad y la morbilidad materna grave en el Perú.
Pancreatite aguda: fisiopatologia, achados imagenológicos, manifestações clínicas e diagnóstico
Authors: Pinheiro Francisco Edes da Silva , Figueiredo Bárbara Queiroz de , Araújo Paulo da Costa , Soares Camilla Ariete Vitorino Dias , Ghidetti Cobias Amorim , Carmo Felipe Vasconcelos do , Barros Gustavo Galvão de , Souza Hygor Regadas Barros , Martins Jaçone Pereira Santiago , Brito Jordana Ferreira de 
Published: September 2022

A pancreatite aguda é um processo inflamatório do pâncreas que ocorre de maneira súbita. Na pancreatite, as enzimas digestivas, que deveriam ser liberadas no trato digestivo, acabam por danificar o próprio pâncreas e outros órgãos adjacentes, ao provocar uma autodigestão tecidual. Existem muitas causas de pancreatite aguda. A maioria dos casos é secundária a doenças biliares, como litíase biliar (incluindo microlitíase), ou ingesta excessiva de álcool (sendo esses responsáveis por 80 a 90% dos casos). O principal sintoma de pancreatite aguda é a dor abdominal, sendo que essa manifestação clínica é de grande variabilidade e pode se apresentar como um desconforto leve e autolimitado a um sofrimento intenso, constante e incapacitante. Nos casos típicos, a dor irá se localizar no epigástrio e na região periumbilical, podendo apresentar irradiação para o dorso, tórax, flancos e partes inferiores do abdome (dor intensa, em faixa, com irradiação para o dorso). Além disso, alguns sinais cutâneos podem ser observados, como o Sinal de Grey-Turner, Sinal de Cullen, Paniculite e Sinal de Fox. O diagnóstico de pancreatite aguda é definido pela presença de pelo menos duas das três características primárias, sendo elas apresentação clínica, alterações nos exames laboratoriais, e alterações nos exames de imagem. Os exames laboratoriais consistem na análise dos níveis de amilase e lipase sérica. Dentro de poucas horas após o início dos sintomas, ocorre o aumento dos níveis dessas enzimas. Aumentos superiores a 3 vezes o limite superior dos níveis normais dessas enzimas são o teto recomendado para o diagnóstico. Ademais, os exames de imagem que podem ser solicitados são ultrassonografia abdominal, tomografia computadorizada ou ressonância magnética.
Biomechanical analysis of sacroiliac joint motion following oblique-pulling manipulation with or without pubic symphysis injury
Authors: Li Jing , Li Yikai , Ping Ruiyue , Zhang Qing , Chen Hai-Yun , Lin Dingkun , Qi Ji 
Published: September 2022

Background: Oblique-pulling manipulation has been widely applied in treating sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction. However, little is known about the biomechanical mechanism of the manipulation. This study aims to analyze the SIJ motion under oblique-pulling manipulation, in comparison with compression and traction loads.Methods/Study Design: A total of six specimens of embalmed human pelvis cadavers were dissected to expose the SIJ and surrounding ligaments. Through a servo-hydraulic testing system, biomechanical tests were performed on the stable pelvis and the unstable pelvis with pubic symphysis injury (PSI). A three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry system was employed to determine the separation and nutation in three tests: axial compression (test A), axial traction (test B), and oblique-pulling manipulation (test C).Results: After applying the testing loads, the range of nutation was no more than 0.3° (without PSI) and 0.5°(with PSI), separately. Except for test B, a greater nutation was found with PSI (p &lt; 0.05). Under both conditions, nutation following test A was significantly greater than that of other tests (p &lt; 0.05). SIJ narrowed in test A and separated in tests B and C, where the range of motion did not exceed 0.1 mm (without PSI) or 0.3 mm (with PSI) separately. Under both conditions, the separation of SIJ in test C was not as apparent as the narrowness of SIJ in test A (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to SIJ, a more significant increasing displacement was found at the site of the iliolumbar ligament (p &lt; 0.05). Nevertheless, when the force was withdrawn in all tests, the range of nutation and separation of SIJ nearly decreased to the origin.Conclusion: Pubic symphysis is essential to restrict SIJ motion, and the oblique-pulling manipulation could cause a weak nutation and separation of SIJ. However, the resulting SIJ motion might be neutralized by regular standing and weight-bearing load. Also, the effect on SIJ seems to disappear at the end of manipulation. Therefore, the stretching and loosening of surrounding ligaments need to be paid more attention to.
Non-gelated polymeric photonic crystal films
Authors: Chu Zhaoran , Ding Zheng , Ning Xuanjun , A Yimihan , Wang Menghan , Shao Kan , Tang Wenwei , Chen Cheng , Bai Jianzhong 
Published: September 2022

A rapid curing method for the preparation of colloidal photonic crystal films is presented. Firstly, a colloidal crystal array template was prepared by self-assembly of nanospheres, and then a dilute polymer solution was poured into the gap of the template. Then the composite photonic film was obtained as the polymer solution was cured. Such films have good properties in mechanical strength, anti pH interference, rapid solvent response and are easy to preserve. The films show good linear response to ethanol aqueous solutions of different concentrations, and the response equilibrium takes less than 20 s. The films also show long-term stability and reusability, and further functionalization can make the films multi-sensitive.
High-Precision Isotopic Analysis of Cu and Fe via Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Reveals Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Effects in Blood Plasma and Brain Tissues
Authors: Hobin Kasper , Costas-Rodríguez Marta , Van Wonterghem Elien , Vandenbroucke Roosmarijn E. , Vanhaecke Frank 
Published: September 2022

The concentration and the isotopic composition of the redox-active essential elements Cu and Fe were investigated in blood plasma and specific brain regions (hippocampus, cortex, brain stem and cerebellum) of mice to assess potential alterations associated with sepsis-associated encephalopathy induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Samples were collected from young (16–22 weeks) and aged (44–65 weeks) mice after intraperitoneal injection of the LPS, an endotoxin inducing neuroinflammation, and from age- and sex-matched controls, injected with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Sector-field single-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was relied upon for elemental analysis and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for isotopic analysis. Significant variations were observed for the Cu concentration and for the Cu and Fe isotope ratios in the blood plasma. Concentrations and isotope ratios of Cu and Fe also varied across the brain tissues. An age- and an inflammatory-related effect was found affecting the isotopic compositions of blood plasma Cu and cerebellum Fe, whereas a regional Cu isotopic redistribution was found within the brain tissues. These findings demonstrate that isotopic analysis of essential mineral elements picks up metabolic changes not revealed by element quantification, making the two approaches complementary.
Improvement of hemodynamic parameters in aortic stenosis patients with transcatheter valve replacement by using impedance cardiography
Authors: Wan Luqing , Tang Jianjun , Xiao Yanchao , Li Hui , Peng Zengjin , Xu Dan-Yan , Shen Li 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe hemodynamic changes of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent transcatheter valve replacement (TAVR) have not been completely investigated.Methods and resultsWe enrolled 74 patients with AS who underwent TAVR and assessed cardiac function changes at 1 week post-operation by impedance cardiography (ICG) in a supine position at rest for more than 15 min. Of the 74 patients, 47 had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 50%; preserved-LVEF group) and 27 had reduced LVEF (LVEF &lt;50%; reduced-LVEF group). TAVR improved the cardiac structure and function, as evidenced by the decrease in the left ventricular end-diastolic (LVED), left atrial diameter (LAD), and an increase in the LVEF. We observed a decrease in N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level compared to that before treatment. Moreover, patients with reduced LVEF had a more significant reduction of NT-proBNP than those with preserved LVEF. Meanwhile, the blood pressure of patients had no significant differences pre- and post-operation. Based on ICG, there were no changes in the parameter of cardiac preload [thoracic fluid content (TFC)]. We observed an improvement in parameters of diastolic cardiac function [left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and pre-ejection period (PEP)]. And we detected converse results in parameters of heart systolic function [systolic time ratio (STR), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), stroke index (SI), and stroke volume (SV)] and cardiac afterload [stroke systemic vascular resistance (SSVR) and SSVR-index (SSVRI)]. In addition, TFC level was decreased in patients with thoracic volume overload after valve replacement. Subgroup analysis showed that the changes in those parameters were more noticeable in patients with reduced LVEF than that with preserved LVEF. Moreover, we observed no effects on parameters of heart systolic function and heart afterload in the LVEF ≥ 50% group before and after TAVR.ConclusionOur data revealed a beneficial effect of TAVR in diastolic function and preload as detected by the ICG. But the LV systolic function and cardiac afterload were not improved in patients with LVEF &lt;50%. The result indicated that ICG could be used as an important technique to monitor the cardiac condition of patients after aortic valve replacement.
Electrophysiological effects of adipose graft transposition procedure (AGTP) on the post-myocardial infarction scar: A multimodal characterization of arrhythmogenic substrate
Authors: Adeliño Raquel , Martínez-Falguera Daina , Curiel Carolina , Teis Albert , Marsal Roger , Rodríguez-Leor Oriol , Prat-Vidal Cristina , Fadeuilhe Edgar , Aranyó Júlia , Revuelta-López Elena , Sarrias Axel , Bazan Víctor , Andrés-Cordón Joan F. , Roura Santiago , Villuendas Roger , Lupón Josep , Bayes-Genis Antoni , Gálvez-Montón Carolina , Bisbal Felipe 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the arrhythmic safety profile of the adipose graft transposition procedure (AGTP) and its electrophysiological effects on post-myocardial infarction (MI) scar.BackgroundMyocardial repair is a promising treatment for patients with MI. The AGTP is a cardiac reparative therapy that reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function. The impact of AGTP on arrhythmogenesis has not been addressed.MethodsMI was induced in 20 swine. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (ce-MRI), electrophysiological study (EPS), and left-ventricular endocardial high-density mapping were performed 15 days post-MI. Animals were randomized 1:1 to AGTP or sham-surgery group and monitored with ECG-Holter. Repeat EPS, endocardial mapping, and ce-MRI were performed 30 days post-intervention. Myocardial SERCA2, Connexin-43 (Cx43), Ryanodine receptor-2 (RyR2), and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) gene and protein expression were evaluated.ResultsThe AGTP group showed a significant reduction of the total infarct scar, border zone and dense scar mass by ce-MRI (p = 0.04), and a decreased total scar and border zone area in bipolar voltage mapping (p &lt; 0.001). AGTP treatment significantly reduced the area of very-slow conduction velocity (&lt;0.2 m/s) (p = 0.002), the number of deceleration zones (p = 0.029), and the area of fractionated electrograms (p = 0.005). No differences were detected in number of induced or spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias at EPS and Holter-monitoring. SERCA2, Cx43, and RyR2 gene expression were decreased in the infarct core of AGTP-treated animals (p = 0.021, p = 0.018, p = 0.051, respectively).ConclusionAGTP is a safe reparative therapy in terms of arrhythmic risk and provides additional protective effect against adverse electrophysiological remodeling in ischemic heart disease.
Serum α-Klotho associated with oral health among a nationally representative sample of US adults
Authors: Chen Guo-Qiang , Duan Yao , Wang Jin-Feng , Lian Ying , Yin Xiu-Li 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLow klotho is associated with aging-related traits. However, no study has assessed the association between klotho and oral health in a large sample of population. This study aimed to explore the association between serum α-klotho and oral health in US Adults.MethodsData were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Oral health parameters included periodontitis, self-rated oral health, and tooth loss. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were adopted to evaluate the associations.ResultsA total of 6187 participants were included in the study. The median of the α-klotho level was 815.2 pg/mL. Serum α-Klotho was significantly lower in participants with poor oral health (all P &lt;0.01). Compared with the highest tertile, the lowest tertile of α-klotho was associated with moderate/severe periodontitis, poor-rated oral health, and tooth loss, with OR (95% CI) being 1.21 (1.01, 1.48), 1.26 (1.01, 1.56) and 1.38 (1.05, 1.84), respectively. An increment of per 1 standard deviation in the α-klotho concentration was associated with lower odds of moderate/severe periodontitis (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.99). Linear dose-response relationships were found between α-klotho and the odds of moderate/severe periodontitis (P for non-linearity=0.88) and poor-rated oral health (P for non-linearity=0.66). An L-shaped dose-response relationship was found between levels of α-klotho and the odds of tooth loss (P for non-linearity=0.04).ConclusionsSerum α-klotho was associated with oral health. Further studies are necessary to clarify the potential mechanisms and demonstrate the predictive ability of klotho in oral diseases.
Identification and validation of a T-cell-related MIR600HG/hsa-mir-21-5p competing endogenous RNA network in tuberculosis activation based on integrated bioinformatics approaches
Authors: Hong Guo-Hu , Guan Qing , Peng Hong , Luo Xin-Hua , Mao Qing 
Published: September 2022

Background: T cells play critical roles in the progression of tuberculosis (TB); however, knowledge regarding these molecular mechanisms remains inadequate. This study constructed a critical ceRNA network was constructed to identify the potentially important role of TB activation via T-cell regulation.Methods: We performed integrated bioinformatics analysis in a randomly selected training set from the GSE37250 dataset. After estimating the abundance of 18 types of T cells using ImmuCellAI, critical T-cell subsets were determined by their diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing active from latent TB. We then identified the critical genes associated with T-cell subsets in TB activation through co-expression analysis and PPI network prediction. Then, the ceRNA network was constructed based on RNA complementarity detection on the DIANA-LncBase and mirDIP platform. The gene biomarkers included in the ceRNA network were lncRNA, miRNA, and targeting mRNA. We then applied an elastic net regression model to develop a diagnostic classifier to assess the significance of the gene biomarkers in clinical applications. Internal and external validations were performed to assess the repeatability and generalizability.Results: We identified CD4+ T, Tr1, nTreg, iTreg, and Tfh as T cells critical for TB activation. A ceRNA network mediated by the MIR600HG/hsa-mir-21-5p axis was constructed, in which the significant gene cluster regulated the critical T subsets in TB activation. MIR600HG, hsa-mir-21-5p, and five targeting mRNAs (BCL11B, ETS1, EPHA4, KLF12, and KMT2A) were identified as gene biomarkers. The elastic net diagnostic classifier accurately distinguished active TB from latent. The validation analysis confirmed that our findings had high generalizability in different host background cases.Conclusion: The findings of this study provided novel insight into the underlying mechanisms of TB activation and identifying prospective biomarkers for clinical applications.