bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and Nutritional Analysis of Organic Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Milk
Authors: Romulo A , Sadek N F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The consumption trend of the plant-based product has increased over the last few years, from health reasons to the unsustainability of consuming animal product. Plant-based product has been perceived by consumers as products to improve human health and well-being. Plant-based milk substitute such as rice milk is an example of the product and could be made from various rice varieties. Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one type of rice that is cultivated in Indonesia. Black rice has been reported to poses antioxidant activity, which is beneficial for health. For this reason, black rice has the potency to be further processed into a functional drink. However, the information regarding the antioxidant and nutritional content in the processed form is still lacking. This research aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity and nutritional content of organic black rice milk. Proximate analysis and antioxidant content (DPPH and total phenol) were conducted in this experiment. The results showed that black rice milk contained 92.36% water, 0.67% fat, 0.14% protein, 0.15% ash, and 6.69% carbohydrate. Black rice milk can inhibit 69.18% activity of 0.2 mmol DPPH radicals. It also contained total phenolic content of 32.75 mg GAE/ 100 mL
Microalgae pigments as a promising immunomodulating food ingredient: In silico study
Authors: Widyaningrum D , Oktafika R A , Cecilia D 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicroalgae pigments attract the commercial market as functional food ingredients because of their potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Through in vitro and in vivo studies, microalgae pigments showed a potential therapeutic effect to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting inflammation signaling. Our study explored the potency of microalgae pigments as an immunomodulator by modeling the direct interaction between pigments and pro-inflammatory proteins by molecular docking. The docking study was carried out using AutoDock Vina. At the same time, the binding visualization was obtained by using Discovery Studio Visualizer. The result showed all investigated microalgae pigments (i.e., phycocyanobilin, astaxanthin, β-carotene, 9-cis- (β-carotene, and violaxanthin) docked to pro-inflammatory proteins (i.e., IL-6, TNF-α, and NIK), respectively in various binding energy. The binding between pigment compounds and the target protein is mostly attributed to the Van der Waals interaction. Notably, the pigments docked in crucial residues in proinflammatory proteins, suggesting the effect of the protein interaction on its receptor and cytokines activity. The results showed a therapeutic potency of microalgae pigment to support immune system modulation that could prevent and attenuate chronic inflammation.
Optimization of the sensory qualities of extruded crunchies using mixture design
Authors: Pinili E L , Tabinas R J A , Besas J R , Esprela L T 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to optimize the sensory qualities of extruded crunchies using banana flour, cassava starch, and all-purpose flour as the main raw materials. Mixture statistical design was used to determine the optimum formulation of crunchies. Sensory acceptability in terms of color, taste, crunchiness, and general acceptability were evaluated. Results showed that the sensory qualities of crunchies were significantly affected by the level of banana flour, cassava starch, and all-purpose flour. Among the treatments, formulation of crunchies with 100% all-purpose flour, formulation with 50% banana flour & 50% all-purpose flour, and the mixture with 66.67% all-purpose flour, 16.67% banana flour & 16.67% cassava starch were considered as the optimum mixtures. It is recommended to use considerable amount of all-purpose flour with banana flour and cassava starch in the production of extruded crunchies.
Assessing the effect of using Rice-Mongo Crunchies(RMC) as complementary food in Malnutrition Feeding programs
Authors: Torrejos S B , Tabinas RJ , Besas J R , Patarata MK , Somosot I 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOvercoming malnutrition in all its forms (including undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, overweight and, obesity) is more than securing enough food for survival, especially what children eat – they must also be nutritious. This study documented the effects of feeding the DOST-PINOY complementary food to malnourished kids ranging from 14 months to 54 months, non-school age children. Four ‘barangays’ in the city with the highest incidence of malnutrition (based on 2016 data) became recipients of the study during a four’ year consecutive period. The children were categorized as severely underweight or underweight children. The feeding program used Rice-Mongo crunches (RMC), which was feed continuously for 120 days. The results showed an increase in the weight gained during the four months of feeding with RMC . Furthermore, there was a significant difference in weights during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th months of feeding against the initial weights. The increase in weight varied between 0.20-0.800 kg as observe per child per month. At the end of the 4th month of feeding, the total weight gained varied from 0.3 kg to 2.8 kg per child.
Study on optimization of ready-to-drink (RTD) guava juice production process at PT. XYZ using lean six sigma application
Authors: Zhe Gabrielle , Amrinola Wiwit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Continuous improvement efforts have been carried out in various ways by the food industry, especially in the production process so that it can work optimally, effectively, efficiently, and without defects so that the quality of the products produced is appropriate to the standards that have been set. one method that can be used to achieve this is to use the concept of lean six sigma analysis. PT. XYZ is a food company engaged in the processing of soft drinks such as fruit juice drinks. One of the main types of products is RTD guava juice. The production process carried out by this company is still semi-automatic. This causes the duration of the process to be not optimal, as a result, there is an impact on fast-moving products, such as RTD guava juice. To overcome these problems, it is done using an improved method with the concept of lean six sigma. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the optimization of the production process of RTD guava juice at PT. XYZ uses the lean six-sigma method. The results of this study show that the value added is 64.89% and the sigma value is 3.973 with the location of the highest waste in the production process being a defect, waiting, inappropriate process, and unnecessary motion. The problems from the causes of non-optimal products are spilled, product leaks, and engine disturbances. It was found that the main factors of non-optimality are man, method, and machine.
Effect of plasma activated water (PAW) in maintaining the quality of cherry tomatoes
Authors: Pirdo Kasih Tota , Danil Daliansyah , Geraldine Eric , Widyaningrum Dwiyantari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recently consumer demand of fresh fruits has been increased because public are more aware with their health. Fruits are often consumed raw, and that increase the chances of people being infected by pathogenic bacteria. This problem encourages the need to find new methods to maintain the quality and hygiene of fruits. Preservation methods that are often used today have many disadvantages, for example the use of temperature-based method that could possibly damage the texture and nutrient of the fruits. In this study, the use of Plasma Activated Water (PAW) on cherry tomatoes was proven to be able to maintain fruit quality for 2 days longer. This is because PAW has a higher oxidation reduction potential (ORP) compared to ordinary water. The higher the ORP is shown to have a better ability to inactivate the microorganisms attached to the fruit surface
Microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of boron carbide reinforced nickel alloy composites processed by bottom pouring type stir casting process
Authors: Veerappan G , Ravichandran M , Alagarsamy S V , Mohanavel V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This experimental investigation deals with the fabrication of boron carbide (B4C) particulates reinforced Nickel based Waspaloy (WA) composite. The bottom pouring type stir casting machine under argon atmosphere was used to prepare the composites. B4C content was reinforced with Nickel based WA in the weight basis (0, 4, 8 and 12 %). The microstructure of the prepared composites was studied by using SEM and EDS. The tensile strength, impact strength, hardness and density of the samples have been reported. Then the Pin on Disc (POD) setup was used to study the wear performance of the samples. The wear parameters were analyzed by using Grey relational analysis (GRA) for the low specific wear rate (SWR) and coefficient of friction (COF) for produced composites. The addition of B4C improved the mechanical properties of the sample up to 8% and then tends to decreases. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that, load is the most dominant parameter which affects the SWR of the composite. From the GRA, Load 20 N, sliding speed 1146 rpm, 12% B4C are found to be optimum parameters for minimum SWR and COF.
Study on microstructure and abrasive wear properties of in-situ TiC reinforced high chromium cast iron matrix composite
Authors: Zhu Mingming , Jiang Yehua , Sui Yudong , Zhou Mojin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the TiC particle-reinforced high chromium cast iron matrix composite was prepared in situ by the method of injection infiltration, and the effect of adding different volume fractions of moderators on the size of the reinforcing particles, the volume fraction of the reinforcing particles and the abrasive wear of the composite was systematically studied. Performance impact. The research results show that the TiC particles obtained by the in situ method are uniformly distributed in the matrix of high chromium cast iron, and the interface between the particles and the matrix is clean. And as the volume fraction of the moderator increases, the size of the obtained TiC particles becomes smaller and more uniform, and the volume fraction of the reinforcing particles also gradually decreases with the increase of the volume fraction of the moderator. And the introduction of TiC has increased the hardness of the material by up to 69.036%. Abrasive wear experiments show that the introduction of the moderator makes the reinforcing particles smaller, which further improves the wear resistance of the composite material, and the composite material with 20% moderator content has the best wear resistance, compared to The wear resistance of the metal matrix material is increased by 1.8 times.
Highly stable, low-voltage operable high-mobility flexible organic thin-film transistors based on a tri-layer gate dielectric
Authors: Qi Weihao , Xu Qingling , Yiqi Zhang , Ding Yin , Su Jing , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The application fields of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) depend on their field-effect mobility (μ). The low-voltage operation and good operating stability are the prerequisites for the practical applications of OTFTs. To date, it is still a huge challenge to obtain low-voltage operable OTFTs with high μ and good operating stability at the same time. In this work, we elaborately design and process a tri-layer gate dielectric, for pursuing the low-voltage operable, high-performance flexible OTFTs. The effects of the gate dielectrics on the device performances and the relevant mechanisms are discussed in detail. The tri-layer gate dielectric has a large gate capacitance per unit area, and simultaneously suppresses the polarization effect of the gate dielectric and the charge trapping at the interface and bulk of the gate dielectric, by which both the μ and the operating stability are significantly improved. As a result, the flexible OTFTs exhibit excellent figures of merit at low operating voltages below 4 V, with high μ up to 2.6 cm2 Vs−1, good bias stress stability with a negligible change of the channel current for 5000 s, and good mechanical flexibility with a negligible performance degradation after the tension bending for 1000 times at small curvature radii of both 5.0 mm and 3.0 mm in sequence. Our works provide a strategy for developing the high-performance flexible OTFTs with low-voltage operation, high μ and good operating stability simultaneously.
The prediction model of regression for the CO removal from exhaust using plasma- catalyst process
Authors: Yarahmadi Rasoul , Soleimani-Alyar Somayeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background. The present study considers the main physicochemical parameters included in the optimum removal efficiency of carbon monoxide (CO) using the plasma-driven catalysis reactor. Material and Methods. A nonthermal plasma (NTP) –catalyst process was applied to investigate the removal efficiency of CO. The interaction of proposed factors such as; temperature, space-time, propane concentration, applied voltage, and the current was studied to estimate the optimum conditions of CO removal efficiency. Data analysis of experiments was done using General Linear Model (GLM) analysis in SPSS (version 22.0.) and fit linear regression model in MATLAB R2013a software. Results and Discussion. The results showed the interaction of temperature and space-time play a key role in CO removal (P-value <0.05). This interaction was found significantly positive with a decrease in space-time. The effect of applied voltage and current (i.e., two main parameters of power consumption) was found significant in the interaction model of C3H8/CO ratio with temperature, as well as space-time. Also, the presented regression model of results confirms the meaningful effect of interactions. Reduction of space-time is known as an energy consumption parameter controlled by reactor gap discharge, gas composition, and inner electrode material. The effect of propane presence as a reducer agent in the gas composition was found significant in the interaction model of space-time and temperature. Conclusion. Considering physicochemical parameters in designing NTP- catalyst reactors can influence energy efficiency significantly.
3D printed hydrogel for soft thermo-responsive smart window
Authors: Chen Lei , Duan Guihui , Zhang Ce , Cheng Ping , Wang Zhaolong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Smart windows with tunable optical properties that respond to external environments are being developed to reduce energy consumption in buildings. In the present study, we introduce a new type of 3D printed hydrogel with amazing flexibility and stretchability (as large as 1500%), as well as tunable optical performance controlled by surrounding temperatures. The hydrogel on a PDMS substrate shows transparent-opaque transition with high solar modulation (ΔT
sol) up to 79.332% around its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) while maintaining a high luminous transmittance (T
lum) of 85.847% at 20 °C. In addition, selective transparent-opaque transition above LCST can be achieved by patterned hydrogels which are precisely fabricated via a projection micro-stereolithography based 3D printing technique. Our hydrogel promises great potential applications for the next generation of soft smart windows.
Evaluation of mechanical properties of TiB2-TiO2 ceramic composite coating on AISI 1020 mild steel by TIG cladding
Authors: Kumar Sujeet , Das Anil Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The main objective of the present work was to enhance the mechanical properties of AISI 1020 steel by depositing the TiB2-TiO2 composite coating on it with the help of the tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding process. The semi-solid mixture of 50 wt% of TiB2 and 50 wt% of TiO2 was preplaced on AISI 1020 steel and a TIG torch was used as heat source to melt the preplaced layer as well as substrate layer to produce the new coating layer. Characteristics of the cladded layer were examined using Vickers microhardness tester, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD). The TIG currents have shown a significant influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the coated layer. Metallography result also shows that the input current of the TIG cladding has considerable effect on the microstructure and quality of the coating. Microstructural changes in the clad layer were studied in detail. The Vickers micro-hardness value of the coated layer increases with decrease in input current and maximum microhardness was achieved about 568 HV0.05 which was about 3.5 times higher than that of the substrate (157 HV0.05). The dry sliding abrasive wear test was performed against EN31 hardened alloy steel as counter body by pin-on-disc tribometer with sliding distance of 1036 meters. The coating produced at lower TIG current (110 A) exhibits minimum average wear rate 1.46 × 10−6 g N−1m−1 while coating processed at higher TIG current (155 A) exhibits higher average wear rate 2.18 × 10−6 g N−1m−1. It was also concluded that the wear rate of the TiB2-TiO2 coating decreases with decreasing processing current and minimum wear rate (1.46 × 10−6 g N−1m−1) obtained up to 2.5 times lower as compare to wear of AISI 1020 mild steel substrate (3.65 × 10−6 g N−1m−1) which makes the TiB2-TiO2 coating suitable for application as wear resistance components. The average coefficient of friction also decreases with increasing TIG current and found maximum (0.76) and minimum (0.58) for the coating deposited at 110 A and 155 A current, respectively.
Stakeholders’ views on the use of psychotropic medication in older people: a systematic review
Authors: Bednarczyk Eliza , Cook Sarah , Brauer Ruth , Garfield Sara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
psychotropic medication use has been shown to increase with age and has been associated with increased risk of falls, strokes and mortality. Various guidelines, regulations and tools have been developed to reduce inappropriate prescribing, but this remains high. In order to understand the reasons for this, we aimed to systematically review healthcare professionals’, patients’ and family caregivers’ attitudes towards the use of psychotropic medication in older people.

Methods
a systematic literature search was carried out from inception to September 2020 using PUBMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL and hand-searching of reference lists. Included studies investigated stakeholder views on psychotropic in adults over the age of 65. Findings were thematically synthesised.

Results
overall, there was an acceptance of long-term psychotropic medication for older people both living in the community and in residential care. While healthcare professionals were aware of guidelines for the use of benzodiazepines and psychotropic medicines, they identified barriers to following them on individual, team and organisational levels. Alternative non-pharmacological approaches were not always available or accepted by patients.

Conclusion
psychotropic medicine use in older adults remains a complex issue, which needs to be addressed on a broad level. Attitudes of older people and healthcare professionals encourage long-term use. Meanwhile, various internal and external factors act as barriers to the use of non-drug alternatives in this population. In order to reduce overprescribing of psychotropics, there is a need to increase the acceptability and accessibility of alternative interventions in both care homes and the community.
Care of the older trauma patient following low-energy transfer trauma—highlighting a research void
Authors: Tonkins Michael , Bradbury Daniel , Bramley Paul , Sabir Lisa , Wilkinson Anna , Lecky Fiona 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundin high-income countries trauma patients are becoming older, more likely to have comorbidities, and are being injured by low-energy mechanisms. This systematic review investigates the association between higher-level trauma centre care and outcomes of adult patients who were admitted to hospital due to injuries sustained following low-energy trauma.Methodsa systematic review was conducted in January 2021. Studies were eligible if they reported outcomes in adults admitted to hospital due to low-energy trauma. In the presence of study heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was pre-specified.Resultsthree studies were included from 2,898 unique records. The studies’ risk of bias was moderate-to-serious. All studies compared outcomes in trauma centres verified by the American College of Surgeons in the USA. The mean/median ages of patients in the studies were 73.4, 74.5 and 80 years. The studies reported divergent results. One demonstrated improved outcomes in level 3 or 4 trauma centres (Observed: Expected Mortality 0.973, 95% CI: 0.971–0.975), one demonstrated improved outcomes in level 1 trauma centres (Adjusted Odds Ratio 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56–0.91), and one demonstrated no difference between level 1 or 2 and level 3 or 4 trauma centre care (adjusted odds ratio 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80–1.04).Conclusionsthe few relevant studies identified provided discordant evidence for the value of major trauma centre care following low-energy trauma. The main implication of this review is the paucity of high-quality research into the optimum care of patients injured in low-energy trauma. Further studies into triage, interventions and research methodology are required.
Aesthetic Values of the Buccal Fat Pad Excision in Middle-Aged Patients
Authors: Kubo Takayuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Despite buccal fat pad (BFP) excision being an effective and established surgery for the reduction of lower facial volume, there are very few reports explaining a systematic and reliable method for this surgery. The author will demonstrate one method for BFP excision surgery with some important tips and information on the procedure.

Objectives
The author performed BFP excision surgery for patients seeking facial slimming or improvement of the ptotic lower face. To know the true efficacy of this surgery, objective facial scales were compared preoperatively and postoperatively.

Methods
Preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional (3D) pictures were taken, and numerical data for cheek volume and horizontal lower facial length were obtained from 3D picture analysis. The data were statistically analyzed to reveal postoperative improvements.

Results
The average age of the patients was 54.23 ± 10.31 years old. BFP excision surgery took 60.30 ± 5.93 minutes. Preoperative and 12 months postoperative body weight was 52.3 ± 6.84 and 52.3 ± 6.75 kg, respectively. The average weights for excised BFP were 1.74 ± 0.72 g right and 1.59 ± 0.71 g left. The average of preoperative lower facial volumes was 209.36 ± 30.22 mL right and 209.03 ± 30.13 mL left. The average 12 months postoperative lower facial volumes were 205.00 ± 30.37 mL right and 204.43 ± 30.02 mL left. The results showed a significant difference in both sides (P &lt; 0.01). The average of horizontal lower facial lengths was 238.73 ± 10.87 mm preoperatively and 235.06 ± 10.57 mm 12 months postoperatively. The results affirm that there is a significant difference (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
A properly executed BFP excision can achieve distinct facial slimming for the capacious face and can also contribute to improving lower face sagging due to BFP ptosis in middle-aged patients.

Level of Evidence: 4