bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary intake of yogurt and cheese in children at age 1 year and sleep duration at age 1 and 3 years: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Inoue Mariko , Matsumura Kenta , Sugimori Narumi , Hamazaki Kei , Tsuchida Akiko , Inadera Hidekuni ,   The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We previously reported that 1-year-old infants born to mothers who regularly consumed fermented food during pregnancy had a lower risk of sleep deprivation. However, it is not known if these positive effects are enhanced when infants themselves eat fermented foods or the long-term effects of such consumption. In this study, we examined the association between the frequency of fermented food intake during the child’s weaning period and sleep deprivation at age 1 and 3 years.

Methods
This birth cohort study used data from a nationwide, government-funded study called the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), covering 65,210 mother-child pairs. We examined the association between infants’ consumption of fermented foods at 1 year of age and sleep deprivation at 1 and 3 years of age.

Results
There was no association between yogurt or cheese intake and sleep duration at age 1; at age 3, there was no group difference, although a trend test showed that yogurt intake at age 1 was significantly associated with sleep duration at age 3. There was also no association between the frequency of cheese intake and inadequate sleep duration at age 3.

Conclusion
Frequency of children’s yogurt and cheese intake at age 1 was not associated with sleep duration at age 1 or 3. However, a trend test showed a significant association between the frequency of yogurt intake at age 1 and sleep duration at age 3.
Employees’ healthy eating and physical activity: the role of colleague encouragement and behaviour
Authors: van der Put Anne , Ellwardt Lea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Exercising and eating healthy are not just an individual choice, but influenced by family members, friends, or neighbours. Little is known, however, about colleagues, who are another important interpersonal influence. Many people spend many hours at work, surrounded by mostly the same colleagues, who could therefore significantly shape employees’ (un)healthy choices. We studied to what extent colleagues may play a part in one another’s eating and exercise behaviours by focusing on two pathways: colleagues can encourage a healthy lifestyle or act as role models whose behaviours can be observed and copied.Methods:We used the European Sustainable Workforce Survey, with data on 4345 employees in 402 teams in 113 organisations. We used network autocorrelation models, which resemble regression models, to study to what extent employee encouragement is related to fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity. Specific to this type of model is the inclusion of a network correlation parameter which allows for the outcome of an employee to be directly associated with the outcomes of their colleagues. In this way we tested whether colleagues’ behaviours were related to one another.Results:We found that employees were more likely to eat fruit and vegetables as well as engage in physical activity when their colleagues encourage a healthy lifestyle. Employees’ healthy eating behaviours were positively related to their colleagues’ fruit and vegetable consumption, while we found a negative correlation concerning physical activity.Conclusion:Overall, colleagues’ encouragement and own healthy behaviours have the potential to contribute to creating a culture of health in the workplace and support all employees in making healthy choices.
Gender-related factors associated with delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Authors: Turusbekova Nonna , Celan Cristina , Caraulan Liliana , Rucsineanu Oxana , Jibuti Mariam , Ibragimova Oxana , Saidova Nargis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTuberculosis (TB), a preventable and treatable disease, yearly affects millions of people and takes more than a million lives. Recognizing the symptoms and obtaining the correct diagnosis are vital steps towards treatment and cure. How timely a person with TB gets diagnosed may be influenced by biological differences between the sexes, and factors that are linked to the person’s gender, in the context of the prevailing gender norms. According to our hypothesis, gender-related factors contribute to delays in the diagnosis of TB. We investigated four countries (Georgia, Kazakhstan, Republic of Moldova, and Tajikistan) of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) - a region with a high burden of drug-resistant TB, scarcity of gender-related TB information, and varying gender equality. Retrospective information was collected directly from the people with a history of TB - through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. We did not find differences between genders in the way participants recognized TB symptoms. In three countries women de-prioritized seeking diagnosis because of their lack of access to finances, and household-related obligations. In all four countries, men, traditionally carrying the weight of economically supporting the family, tended to postpone TB diagnosis. In two countries women experienced stigma more often than men, and it was a deterrent factor to seeking healthcare. The role of gender in obtaining the correct diagnosis came forth only among the respondents from Georgia and to some extent from Kazakhstan. We conclude that there are barriers to health care seeking and TB diagnosis that affect differently women, men and gender-diverse persons in EECA Region.
Comparison of the effectiveness of anchoring needles and coils in localizing multiple nodules in the lung
Authors: Huang Ya-Yong , Wang Tao , Fu Yu-Fei , Shi Yi-Bing , Cao Wei , Hou Ju-Pan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Recently, a new type of pulmonary nodule positioning needle has been adopted clinically. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new type of localization needles compared with coils for the simultaneous localization of multiple pulmonary nodules guided by computed tomography (CT) prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Materials and methods
From January 2021 to March 2022, 87 pulmonary nodules from 40 patients were localized using the new localization needle. From January 2020 to December 2020, 68 pulmonary nodules in 31 patients were localized using coils. The relative outcomes were compared.

Results
The success rate of pulmonary nodule localization in the needle group was 97.7% while that in the coil group was 98.5%. In the needle group, the time needed to locate the first nodule was significantly shorter than in the coil group (10.9 min vs. 17.2 min, P = 0.001). Moreover, the time needed per patient was also significantly shorter for the needle group compared with the coil group (23.7 min vs. 30 min, P = 0.017). The incidence of pneumothorax in the needle group was 25.0% vs. 12.9% in the coil group (P = 0.204). The rate of pulmonary hemorrhage in the needle group was 40.0% vs. 32.3% in the coil group (P = 0.502). The success rate of VATS wedge resection was 100% in both groups.

Conclusion
Both disposable pulmonary nodule localization needles and coils are safe and effective for CT-guided localization of multiple pulmonary nodules of the same stage prior to VATS. However, the use of needles is time-saving compared with the use of coils. The coil localization may exhibit better safety than needle localization.
Ovarian steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified: analysis of nine cases with a literature review
Authors: Lin Mengyan , Bao Kechun , Lu Lingjia , Xu Shuhang , Liang Yun , Cheng Xiaodong , Wang Fenfen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ovarian steroid cell tumors (SCTs), not otherwise specified (NOS), are rare, with few large studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features, prognosis, and treatment choices for these patients of different age groups.

Methods
This was a retrospective study. We identified nine cases of ovarian steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified, confirmed by post-operative histopathological examination, and analyzed clinical features, surgical procedures, and follow up outcomes. We also reviewed cases reports of ovarian steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified.

Results
A total of nine cases were included. The age range was 9–68 years (mean, 41.89 ± 19.72 years). Clinical features included virilization, amenorrhea, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, isosexual precocious puberty, Cushing’s syndrome, and abnormal weight gain with elevated testosterone levels. The follow up interval ranged 5–53 months and no recurrence was observed.

Conclusion
Ovarian steroid cell tumors covered all age groups, with manifestations of androgen excess. Younger patients appeared to have a more favorable prognosis, which provided more opportunities for these patients to pursue treatment options that will preserve reproductive function.
The effect of complementary music intervention on the patients’ quality of life after septoplasty and rhinoplasty
Authors: Schell Angela , Wassmer Felix , Zaubitzer Lena , Kramer Benedikt , Sadick Haneen , Rotter Nicole , Häussler Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
Quality of life (QoL) assessment has emerged as an important evaluation tool for therapeutic treatments. The positive impact of complementary music interventions on QoL has been demonstrated in the literature, particularly in chronic and malignant diseases. However, its benefits during the perioperative period in head and neck patients have not been investigated thus far.

Methods:
Head and neck patients undergoing septoplasty and rhinoplasty were prospectively randomized and consecutively included in the trial. Passive music intervention (60 min per day) was applied to the intervention group. QoL was assessed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire and the Functional Rhinoplasty Outcome Inventory 17 (FROI-17) questionnaire at three visits during the postoperative phase. Pain was measured using a visual analogue scale.

Results:
Forty-four patients were enrolled in the study. The NOSE score between the control group and the intervention group in the septoplasty arm differed significantly at visit #2 (p < 0.001) and visit #3 (p < 0.015). For the rhinoplasty study arm, significant differences in the FROI-17 score were also found at visit #2 and visit #3 (p = 0.04).

Conclusion:
Complementary music interventions can considerably improve patients’ QoL during the postoperative period. Furthermore, passive music interventions may be easily implemented in clinical practice as an additional cost-effective treatment with ubiquitous availability.
A comparative analysis of the impact of online, blended, and face-to-face learning on medical students’ clinical competency in the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains
Authors: Enoch L. C. , Abraham R. M. , Singaram V. S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Africa compelled medical schools to switch to a purely online curriculum. The innovative changes transformed the standard clinical skills curriculum to increase learning transfer to bridge the theory-practice gap. The efficacy of this intervention remains unknown. This study aims to measure medical students’ clinical competency in the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains by assessing clinical skills knowledge retention and transfer from the online platform compared to face-to-face and blended learning.Methods:A non-random cross-sectional quasi-experimental study assessed third-year medical students’ knowledge retention and learning transfer in three domains of clinical skills competence. Data were obtained using a score sheet during a directly observed formative and a trial online summative assessment. One hundred and one third-year medical students volunteered for the formative onsite assessment that tested the psychomotor domain. Two hundred and thirty-nine students were evaluated on the affective and cognitive domains in the summative online trial mini-objective structured clinical examination (tm-OSCE). The OSCE scores were analysed using descriptive statistics. The significance of the findings was evaluated by comparing OSCE scores with the pre-pandemic 2019 third-year medical students.Results:Statistically significant differences were found between the two cohorts of medical students from both years (p < 0.05). The 2021 blended group’s (n = 101) medians were 90%, 95%CI [86, 92], 82%, 95%CI [80, 85], and 87%, 95% CI [84, 90] for the psychomotor, affective, and cognitive skills, respectively. The e-learning group’s affective and cognitive skills medians were 78%, 95%CI [73, 79] and 76%, 95%CI [71, 78], respectively. The 2019 face-to-face cohort (n = 249) achieved medians of 70%, 95% CI [69, 72] and 84%, 95%CI [82, 86] for the affective and psychomotor skills, respectively.Conclusion:Medical students demonstrated near and far transfer bridging the theory-practice gap in three clinical skills domains. The blended group performed significantly better than the e-learning and face-to-face groups. Medical schools and educators play a vital role in overcoming learning challenges and achieving higher transfer levels by adopting multiple student-centered teaching delivery approaches and arranging immediate application opportunities. This study offers medical educators suggestions that encourage the transfer of online learning to face-to-face practice, decentralising medical education with a revised blended learning strategy.
Evaluation of house staff candidates for program fit: a cohort-based controlled study
Authors: Lee Soo-Hoon , Phan Phillip H. , Desai Sanjay V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Medical school academic achievements do not necessarily predict house staff job performance. This study explores a selection mechanism that improves house staff-program fit that enhances the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones performance ratings.

Objective
Traditionally, house staff were selected primarily on medical school academic performance. To improve residency performance outcomes, the Program designed a theory-driven selection tool to assess house staff candidates on their personal values and goals fit with Program values and goals. It was hypothesized cohort performance ratings will improve because of the intervention.

Methods
Prospective quasi-experimental cohort design with data from two house staff cohorts at a university-based categorical Internal Medicine Residency Program. The intervention cohort, comprising 45 house staff from 2016 to 2017, was selected using a Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) tool for program fit. The control cohort, comprising 44 house staff from the prior year, was selected using medical school academic achievement scores. House staff performance was evaluated using ACGME Milestones indicators. The mean scores for each category were compared between the intervention and control cohorts using Student’s t-tests with Bonferroni correction and Cohen’s d for effect size.

Results
The cohorts were no different in academic performance scores at time of Program entry. The intervention cohort outperformed the control cohort on all 6 dimensions of Milestones by end-PGY1 and 3 of 6 dimensions by mid-PGY3.

Conclusion
Selecting house staff based on compatibility with Residency Program values and objectives may yield higher job performance because trainees benefit more from a better fit with the training program.
The relationship between patient safety culture and patient safety competency with adverse events: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Hafezi Asal , Babaii Atye , Aghaie Bahman , Abbasinia Mohammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient safety culture and patient safety competency could be associated with adverse events (AEs). This study aimed to investigate the associations between nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture, patient safety competency, and AEs.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 338 nurses employed in three university hospitals in Qom, Iran between 17 August 2021 and 12 November 2021. Data were collected using three questionnaires: patient safety culture, patient safety competency, and AEs. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software. A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the data.

Results
The results of this study showed that medication errors were significantly associated with “frequency of events reported” (OR = 0.706, P = 0.012), “supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety” (OR = 0.733, P = 0.048), and “management support for patient safety” (OR = 0.755, P = 0.012). Pressure ulcers were significantly associated with “supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety” (OR = 0.729, P = 0.039), “handoffs and transition” (OR = 0.707, P = 0.034), and “comfort speaking up about patient safety” (OR = 0.614, P = 0.016). Falls were significantly associated with “teamwork within units” (OR = 0.735, P = 0.031), “feedback and communication about error” (OR = 0.756, P = 0.046), and “handoffs and transition” (OR = 0.660, P = 0.012). The use of restraints for ≥8 hr. was significantly associated with “management support for patient safety” (OR = 0.701, P = 0.021).

Conclusions
According to the results of this study, AEs are associated with some dimensions of patient safety culture and patient safety competency. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and identify interventions to reduce the occurrence of AEs.
Psoriasis and cardiovascular disease risk in European and East Asian populations: evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Liming , Wang Yuxiang , Qiu Li , Wu Jian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Psoriasis has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF). However, available studies regarding this relationship have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, in this report, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature to assess the effects of psoriasis on risk of these CVDs.

Methods
A search of literature until 24 December 2021 was done in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase. Within European and East Asian populations, meta-analyses of observational studies assessing correlations between psoriasis and various CVD risk factors were conducted. Mendelian randomization (MR) was then employed to assess the causative impact of genetic pre-disposition for psoriasis on these CVD risk factors.

Results
The results of the meta-analyses indicated that, in both the European and East Asian populations, psoriasis was significantly linked to an elevated risk in the incidence of CAD (RR = 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–2.18, p = 0.028 and RR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.62–2.25, p < 0.001) and MI (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04–1.46, p = 0.017 and RR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.44–3.28, p < 0.001). A positive genetic relationship of psoriasis with CAD was found in European individuals (IVW OR:1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, p = 0.005) and in East Asian individuals (IVW OR:1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.32, p = 0.031). We also established that psoriasis was causally linked with an elevated risk of MI (IVW OR:1.05; 95% CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.026) in the European population as determined using an MR approach. Moreover, our MR results were congruent with the null findings from the meta-analysis assessing associations of psoriasis with HF risk.

Conclusions
This research work provides preliminary evidence that psoriasis and CVD have a common genetic origin and that targeted psoriasis treatment might improve cardiovascular outcomes. These results not only increase our knowledge of the genetic underpinnings linking a comorbidity of psoriasis with CVD but also suggests a novel approach for CVD prevention.
Pilot study on CHCF1 genotype in a pig challenge model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ab/ac associated post-weaning diarrhea
Authors: Rydal Martin Peter , Gambino Michela , Jørgensen Claus Bøttcher , Poulsen Louise Ladefoged , Brøndsted Lone , Nielsen Jens Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHost genotype is important for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) susceptibility. We conducted two trials to evaluate the effect of CHCF1 genotype on incidence of ETEC diarrhea. In trial 1 (n = 15 pigs), pigs were inoculated with 108 CFU or 1010 CFU doses of an ETEC F4ac strain. In trial 2 (n = 33 pigs), pigs were inoculated with ETEC F4ab or F4ac. Across trials, all inoculated pigs that developed ETEC diarrhea were CHCF1 heterozygous susceptible (6/6). No inoculated CHCF1 homozygous resistant pigs developed ETEC diarrhea (0/26). Susceptibility towards ETEC F4ac/ab infection might correspond with CHCF1 genotype.
Qualitative inquiry into perceptions of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among people who inject drugs living with hepatitis C in Seattle, WA, USA
Authors: Barry Michael P. , Austin Elizabeth J. , Bhatraju Elenore P. , Glick Sara N. , Stekler Joanne D. , Tung Elyse L. , Hansen Ryan N. , Williams Emily C. , Gojic Alexander J. , Pickering Eleanor I. , Tsui Judith I. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of HIV among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in the USA has been increasing since 2014, signaling the need to identify effective ways to engage PWID in HIV prevention services, namely pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Yet, the uptake of PrEP in this population is minimal compared to other populations at risk of HIV acquisition. In this work, we sought to explore knowledge, attitudes, and perspectives of PrEP acceptability among PWID.

Methods
In the context of a pilot study to explore the acceptability of pharmacy-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, we conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 24) and focus groups (n = 4, 16 participants) with people who were living with HCV and reported active injection drug use (≤ 90 days since last use). Participants were asked open-ended questions about their familiarity with and motivation to use PrEP. As part of a sub-analysis focused on PrEP, qualitative data were analyzed using a Rapid Assessment Process, where three coders used structured templates to summarize qualitative data and iteratively reviewed coded templates to identify themes. Participants also completed short quantitative questionnaires regarding drug use history and attitudes toward health concerns.

Results
Forty-seven percent of participants expressed having little or no concern regarding HIV acquisition. Targeted analyses focused on HIV prevention identified three themes, which help characterize behavioral determinants of nonadoption. First, knowledge of PrEP was limited among PWID and influenced by infrequent open community discussions around HIV risk. Second, PWID perceived sexual behaviors—but not injection drug use—as a motivator for HIV risk prevention. Finally, PWID identified many individual and environmental barriers that hinder PrEP uptake.

Conclusion
Among PWID, PrEP is rarely discussed and concerns about the feasibility of using daily PrEP are common. Taken with the prevalent perception that drug use is not a high risk for HIV acquisition, our findings point to opportunities for public health work to target PrEP education to PWID and to leverage other successful interventions for PWID as an opportunity to provide PrEP to this vulnerable population.