bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐winemaking with Vitis amurensis Rupr. “Beibinghong” enhances the quality of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Gernischt wine
Authors: Song Jianqiang , Zhang Ang , Cheng Shiwei , Li Xiuwei , Zhang Yuxiang , Luan Liying , Qu Huige , Ruan Shili , Li Jiming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn some wine regions of China, Cabernet Gernischt (CG; Vitis vinifera L.) grape berries usually exhibit low pigment content and titratable acidity, and low sensory quality of the resulting wine. The aim of this study was to evaluate co‐winemaking of CG wines using the red grape cultivar Beibinghong (BBH; Vitis amurensis Rupr.) at different proportions in terms of alcohols, phenolic compounds, and sensory properties of the wines. The results showed that the co‐winemaking wines contained a similar content of higher alcohols, whereas the methanol content increased with an increase in BBH proportion, although this was still corresponded with the national standard. Significantly higher levels of titratable acidity were observed in co‐winemaking wines at the ratio of 6:4 and 5:5, compared with monocultivar CG wines. All co‐winemaking wines, except CG:BBH (9:1) wine, showed significantly higher levels of total anthocyanins, total phenolics, total tannins, and total flavan‐3‐ols. Further, individual phenolics, primarily diglucoside anthocyanins and non‐anthocyanins (trans‐ferulic acid, myricetin, viniferin, trans‐caffeic acid, 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid), as important contributors to wine color intensity, permitted the differentiation of the wines via principal component analysis. In most cases, co‐winemaking wines exhibited higher scores of the 10 sensory attributes on color, aroma, mouthfeel, and overall quality compared with monocultivar wines. Co‐winemaking CG wines with BBH at 7:3 ratio demonstrated the highest scores of color intensity, aroma intensity, aroma quality, and overall quality. The results indicate that co‐winemaking with V. amurensis grape variety may be useful to enhance V. vinifera wine quality by modifying wine composition.Practical ApplicationCabernet Gernischt (CG) is the predominant grape cultivar used to prepare premium‐quality wine in China; however, in some wine regions, CG wines have low levels of pigment and titratable acidity, and low sensory quality. Co‐winemaking with another native grape cultivar, Beibinghong (BBH), which is characterized by a higher content of anthocyanins and acidity, provided sufficient experimental evidence of adjustments in the Vitis vinifera wine composition leading to improved wine sensory quality.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in relation to the remission and progression along the glycemic continuum
Authors: Xin Zhuojun , Huang Jiaojiao , Cao Qiuyu , Wang Jialu , He Ruixin , Hou Tianzhichao , Ding Yi , Lu Jieli , Xu Min , Wang Tiange , Zhao Zhiyun , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Bi Yufang , Xu Yu , Li Mian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to explore the associations of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with the remission and progression along the glycemic continuum.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed among the general population in 2010–2015. NAFLD was defined as ultrasound‐detected hepatic steatosis with absence of excessive alcohol consumption and other hepatic diseases. Remission of type 2 diabetes referred to glycated hemoglobin <6.5% without hypoglycemic agents for ≥3 months. Prediabetes remission referred to normalization of blood glucose. Multivariable logistic analysis was applied to identify the risk of glycemic metabolic transition.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 4.3 years, participants with NAFLD had a significantly higher risk of progressing from normal glucose tolerance to diabetes (3.36 [1.60–7.07]) and lower likelihood of diabetes remission (0.48 [0.30–0.78]). Associations in participants with overweight or obesity and higher probability of hepatic fibrosis remained consistent. Results related to the effect of NAFLD on the specific glucose parameters were generally in line with the changes of glycemic status. NAFLD improvement decreased the risk of prediabetes progressing to diabetes (0.50 [0.32–0.80]) and increased the probability of prediabetes remission (2.67 [1.49–4.79]). NAFLD tended to show the most significant association with glycemic progression and decreased the likelihood in remission of prediabetes and diabetes.ConclusionsPresence of NAFLD increased risk of glycemic progression and decreased likelihood of remission. NAFLD improvement mitigated glycemic deterioration, whereas NAFLD progression impeded the chance of remission. The results emphasized joint management of NAFLD and diabetes and further focused on liver‐specific subgroups of diabetes to tailor early intervention.
Favorable pregnancy outcomes in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with belimumab
Authors: Wei Si‐Ru , Zhu Zhen‐Zhen , Xu Jia , Mo Han‐You 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and complications. Belimumab can significantly improve disease activity in patients with SLE. However, there is insufficient evidence to prove the absolute safety of belimumab treatment during pregnancy.Case SummaryA 37‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with SLE after a renal puncture biopsy in 2012. The other patient was a 25‐year‐old woman. She was diagnosed with SLE at 19 years of age. They were treated by standard therapy in the early stage of treatment. The first patient has multiple histories of miscarriages or abortions at different gestational ages caused by SLE activity. The other patient also has persistent thrombocytopenia due to SLE flare. In our patients, SLE was poorly controlled by standard therapy. We initiated belimumab treatment during pregnancy because the benefits of treating SLE outweighed the risks to the fetus. The first patient was admitted to the first belimumab infusion at approximately 14 weeks of gestation. The other patient was admitted to the first belimumab infusion at approximately 12 weeks of gestation. Although our patients did not show complete disease remission during belimumab treatment, neither had serious adverse reactions or adverse pregnancy events, and their babies were in good conditions at birth.ConclusionWe present 2 cases of pregnant women with SLE who were treated with belimumab. Both were able to deliver their babies successfully without any complications.
Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as the first‐line treatment of PD‐L1‐negative and driver‐gene‐negative advanced nonsquamous non‐small‐cell lung cancer: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chai Yue , Wu Xinyu , Zou Yifeng , Zhang Xue , Bai Hua , Dong Mei , Duan Jianchun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as the first‐line therapy for patients with programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1)‐negative and driver‐gene‐negative advanced nonsquamous non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and MethodsEligible randomized trials were identified following the systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database from January 2000 to June 2022.ResultsSeven trials involving 1132 patients with PD‐L1‐negative and driver‐gene‐negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC were included. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy showed significantly superior objective response rate (ORR) compared with chemotherapy alone (odds ratio 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69–4.65). Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy also significantly prolonged the progression‐free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63, 95% CI 0.55–0.74, p < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56–0.82, p < 0.001) of patients with PD‐L1‐negative and driver‐gene‐negative advanced nonsquamous NSCLC compared to chemotherapy alone. In terms of ≥3 treatment‐related adverse events, patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy were at higher risk than chemotherapy alone (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.47–2.05).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis suggested that immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy yielded a better ORR, PFS, and OS, and a higher incidence of treatment‐related adverse events as the first‐line therapy for patients with PD‐L1‐negative and driver‐gene‐negative nonsquamous advanced NSCLC in comparison to chemotherapy alone. A rational treatment protocol should be selected according to the individual condition of the patients.
Comparing the effect of ammonium molybdate versus ammonium molybdate and menbutone on hepatic functions of sheep with subclinical copper poisoning
Authors: Kaçar Y , Mecitoğlu Z , Batmaz H 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using menbutone in addition to ammonium molybdate on liver enzymes in sheep naturally poisoned with copper. Merino lambs (n = 30), naturally poisoned with copper and which also had high liver enzyme levels, were divided into two groups, each with 15 lambs. The AM + MEN group received ammonium molybdate and menbutone and the AM group received only ammonium molybdate solution. Both groups received 1.7% ammonium molybdate solution (1 mL per 10 kg body weight [BW]) subcutaneously on 0, 2nd and 4th days of the study. Menbutone (Genabil®, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW on days 0 and 2, in addition to ammonium molybdate in the AM + MEN group. Blood samples were collected on days 0 and 7, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and creatinine levels were evaluated. Over 7 days, AST levels decreased from 351.04 ± 63.50 IU/L to 286.40 ± 55.68 IU/L in the AM group (P > 0.05) and from 425.00 ± 119.25 IU/L to 240.83 ± 29.62 IU/L in the AM + MEN group (P ≤ 0.05). GGT levels decreased from 121.16 ± 15.88 IU/L to 110.39 ± 10.13 IU/L in the AM group (P > 0.05) and 124.52 ± 15.50 to 98.60 ± 9.08 IU/L in the AM + MEN group (P ≤ 0.05). Based on these findings, the use of menbutone, in addition to ammonium molybdate, has significantly reduced the level of liver enzymes.
Architecture, structural and tectonic significance of the Seagap fault (offshore Tanzania) in the framework of the East African Rift
Authors: Iacopini David , Tavani Stefano , Pentagallo Sara , Maselli Vittorio , Dottore Stagna Marina , Ebinger Cynthia , Reynolds David , van Vliet Arjan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Southeastern portion of the East African Rift System reactivates Mesozoic transform faults marking the separation of Madagascar from Africa in the Western Indian Ocean. Earlier studies noted the reactivation of the Davie Fracture Zone in oceanic lithosphere as a seismically active extensional fault, and new 3D seismic reflection data and exploration wells provide unprecedented detail on the kinematics of the sub‐parallel Seagap fault zone in continental/transitional crust landward of the ocean‐continent transition. We reconstruct the evolution of the seismically active Seagap fault zone, a 400‐km‐long crustal structure affecting the Tanzania margin, from the late Eocene to the present day. The Seagap fault zone is represented by large‐scale localized structures affecting the seafloor and displaying growth geometries across most of the Miocene sediments. The continuous tectonic activity evident by our seismic mapping, as well as 2D deep seismic data from literature, suggests that from the Middle‐Late Jurassic until 125 Ma, the Seagap fault acted as a regional structure parallel to, and coeval with, the dextral Davie Fracture Zone. The Seagap fault then remained active after the cessation of both seafloor spreading in the Somali basin and strike‐slip activity on the Davie Fracture Zone, till nowaday. Its architecture is structurally expressed through the sequence of releasing and restraining bends dating back at least to the early Neogene. Seismic sections and horizon maps indicate that those restraining bends are generated by strike‐slip reactivation of Cretaceous structures till the Miocene. Finally based on the interpretation of edge‐enhanced reflection seismic surfaces and seafloor data, we shows that, by the late Neogene, the Seagap fault zone switched to normal fault behaviour. We discuss the Seagap fault's geological and kinematic significance through time and its current role within the microplate system in the framework of the East African rift, as well as implications for the evolution and re‐activation of structures along sheared margins. The newly integrated datasets reveal the polyphase deformation of this margin, highlighting its complex evolution and the implications for depositional fairways and structural trap and seal changes through time, as well as potential hazards.
Clinical pharmacology information in regulatory submissions and labeling: A comparative analysis of orphan and non‐orphan drugs approved by the FDA
Authors: Hsieh Julie , Sahre Martina , Yang Xinning , Madabushi Rajanikanth , Ramamoorthy Anuradha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClinical pharmacology is an integral discipline supporting the development, regulatory evaluation, and clinical use of drugs for the treatment of both common and rare diseases. Here, we evaluated the recommendations and information available from select clinical pharmacology studies in the therapeutic product labeling of new molecular entities (NMEs) approved from 2017 to 2019 for both common and rare diseases. A total of 151 NMEs, including 72 orphan and 79 non‐orphan drugs, were analyzed for recommendations and information available related to food–drug interaction, drug–drug interaction, renal impairment, hepatic impairment, QT assessment, and human radiolabeled mass balance studies using data collected from the original labeling and other regulatory documents. The analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the recommendations between orphan and non‐orphan drugs except for renal impairment related recommendations in section 8 of the labeling. Although not significant, fewer hepatic impairment labeling recommendations were available for orphan drugs when compared with non‐orphan drugs. At the time of initial approval, 79 postmarketing requirements (PMRs) and postmarketing commitments (PMCs) for 33 orphan drugs and 39 PMRs and PMCs for 19 non‐orphan drugs were established; with most difference observed for drug–drug interaction, hepatic impairment, and QT assessment. Overall, although there was a trend for more labeling recommendations and fewer postmarketing studies and clinical trials for non‐orphan drugs, there appeared to be no substantial differences in how these select clinical pharmacology studies are leveraged during the development and approval of orphan and non‐orphan drugs.
Control, Extract, Legitimate: COVID‐19 and Digital Techno‐opportunism across Africa
Authors: Platzky Miller Josh , Sander Antoine , Srinivasan Sharath 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAcross Africa, the deployment of digital solutions such as track and trace apps and vaccine passports to tackle COVID‐19 largely failed in their public health objectives. Yet, in the process, these material interventions revealed and unleashed new potentialities of governance throughout the continent. This article examines these developments and their significance through historical and theoretical lenses. Since colonialism, African states have been built partially through responses to public health emergencies. Such emergencies have enabled authorities to experiment with and enact logics of control, extraction and legitimation. By interrogating the relationship between epidemics, power and technological artefacts, this article argues that COVID‐19 constituted an exceptional event that both unmasked pre‐existing logics of governance but also enabled experiments with novel techniques through digital technology. Digital techno‐opportunist interventions did little to curb the spread of COVID‐19, but such interventions nevertheless have ramifications and implications that extend beyond this moment. While the political outcomes of the rupture caused by COVID‐19 are not yet fully known, and are subject to resistance and reimagination from below, the political opportunity of ‘crisis’ reveals distinctly new ways in which states and corporations are combining to pursue logics of control, extraction and legitimation across Africa in a digital age.
Co‐occurring first‐episode psychosis and borderline personality pathology in an early intervention for psychosis cohort
Authors: Schandrin Aurelie , Francey Shona , Nguyen Lucia , Whitty Dean , McGorry Patrick , Chanen Andrew M. , O'Donoghue Brian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is common among people diagnosed with first episode of psychosis (FEP), but is often under‐recognized and under‐researched. This study aimed to determine: (i) the prevalence of borderline personality pathology (subthreshold features and categorical disorder) in a FEP cohort (termed FEP + BPP); (ii) demographic and clinical factors associated with FEP + BPP; (iii) the symptomatic and functional outcomes.MethodsThis study was conducted within the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) at Orygen over the 30‐month period between 2014 and 2016. BPP was evaluated by using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis II Personality Questionnaire BPD criteria.ResultsIn a cohort of 457 young people with a FEP (mean age 19.5 years, 56% male), 18.4% had borderline personality pathology (BPP). Compared with FEP alone, young people with FEP + BPP were more likely to be female, younger, Australian‐born. In addition, young people with FEP + BPP were more likely to be diagnosed with Psychosis NOS, present with more severe hallucinations, and have alcohol abuse. Young people with FEP + BPP had more relationship difficulties at presentation and they were more likely to suffer of depression and to engage in self‐harm throughout the follow‐up. In relation to outcome, FEP + BPP was not associated with different rates of remission or relapse, however they were less likely to be admitted to hospital at presentation or involuntarily during their episode of care.ConclusionBPP is a common occurrence in psychotic disorders and is associated with more severe hallucinations and depression with higher risks of self‐harm. Specific interventions need to be developed.
The dependence of acetylcholine on dynamic changes in the membrane potential and an action potential during spike timing‐dependent plasticity induction in the hippocampus
Authors: Sugisaki Eriko , Fukushima Yasuhiro , Nakajima Naoki , Aihara Takeshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe hippocampus is an important area for memory encoding and retrieval and is the location of spike timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP), a basic phenomenon of learning and memory. STDP is facilitated if acetylcholine (ACh) is released from cholinergic neurons during attentional processes. However, it is unclear how ACh influences postsynaptic changes during STDP induction and determines the STDP magnitude. To address these issues, we obtained patch clamp recordings from CA1 pyramidal neurons to evaluate the postsynaptic changes during stimuli injection in Schaffer collaterals by quantifying baseline amplitudes (i.e., the lowest values elicited by paired pulses comprising STDP stimuli) and action potentials. The results showed that baseline amplitudes were elevated if eserine was applied in the presence of picrotoxin. In addition, muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs) contributed more to the baseline amplitude elevation than nicotinic AChRs (nAChRs). Moreover, the magnitude of the STDP depended on the magnitude of the baseline amplitude. However, in the absence of picrotoxin, baseline amplitudes were balanced, regardless of the ACh concentration, resulting in a similar magnitude of the STDP, except under the nAChR alone‐activated condition, which showed a larger STDP and lower baseline amplitude induction. This was due to broadened widths of action potentials. These results suggest that activation of mAChRs and nAChRs, which are effective for baseline amplitudes and action potentials, respectively, plays an important role in postsynaptic changes during memory consolidation.
Influence of tartaric‐sulfuric acid anodic film on four‐point bending fatigue behavior of AA 7050‐T7451 samples
Authors: Attolico Michele Angelo , Casavola Caterina , Moramarco Vincenzo , Renna Gilda , Furfari Domenico , Busse David Osman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTartaric–sulfuric acid (TSA) anodizing is an electrochemical process used for generating an anodic layer on the surface of aluminum alloys for aerospace applications. It must provide corrosion resistance and ensure no detrimental effect on the required fatigue properties for structural applications. This work aimed at analyzing the properties of the anodic layer and evaluating its influence on the fatigue behavior of the AA 7050‐T7451. The film properties were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopies. The surface residual stress (SRS) field in the as‐machined and anodized conditions was evaluated by the X‐ray diffraction technique.The results showed that TSA induces an appreciable reduction in the fatigue life, especially at lower values of stress amplitude, due to the presence of defects at the interface between the substrate and the anodic film. No correlation was observed between the presence of the anodic layer and the development of a tensile SRS field.
Climate mitigation potential and soil microbial response of cyanobacteria‐fertilized bioenergy crops in a cool semi‐arid cropland
Authors: Gay Justin D. , Goemann Hannah M. , Currey Bryce , Stoy Paul C. , Christiansen Jesper Riis , Miller Perry R. , Poulter Benjamin , Peyton Brent M. , Brookshire E. N. Jack 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) systems can serve as decarbonization pathways for climate mitigation. Perennial grasses are a promising second‐generation lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock for BECCS expansion, but optimizing their sustainability, productivity, and climate mitigation potential requires an evaluation of how nitrogen (N) fertilizer strategies interact with greenhouse gas (GHG) and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. Furthermore, crop and fertilizer choice can affect the soil microbiome which is critical to soil organic matter turnover, nutrient cycling, and sustaining crop productivity but these feedbacks are poorly understood due to the paucity of data from certain agroecosystems. Here, we examine the climate mitigation potential and soil microbiome response to establishing two functionally different perennial grasses, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum, C4) and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum, C3), in a cool semi‐arid agroecosystem under two fertilizer applications, a novel cyanobacterial biofertilizer (CBF) and urea. We find that in contrast to the C4 grass, the C3 grass achieved 98% greater productivity and had a higher N use efficiency when fertilized. For both crops, the CBF produced the same biomass enhancement as urea. Non‐CO2 GHG fluxes across all treatments were low and we observed a 3‐year net loss of SOC under the C4 crop and a net gain under the C3 crop at a 0–30 cm soil depth regardless of fertilization. Finally, we detected crop‐specific changes in the soil microbiome, including an increased relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under the C3, and potentially pathogenic fungi in the C4 grass. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential of CBF‐fertilized C3 crops as a second‐generation bioenergy feedstock in semi‐arid regions as a part of a climate mitigation strategy.