bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoarthritis synovium as a nidus for monosodium urate crystal deposition inducing severe gout studied by label‐free stimulated Raman scattering combined with synovial organoids
Authors: Chen Ziyi , Wang Wenjuan , Chen Yaxin , Ji Minbiao , Hua Yinghui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGout, a common chronic disease, is characterized by the formation and deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in articular and nonarticular structures. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent type of arthritis, is a progressive degenerative joint disease. Previous clinical studies have reported that gout frequently affects OA joints; however, the underlying mechanism remains unidentified. Recently, OA synovium has been proposed as a favorable vehicle for MSU crystal deposition. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether OA synovium acts as a nidus for MSU crystal deposition inducing severe gout flares, using label‐free, highly‐specific stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy combined with innovative preclinical models—synovial organoids. Crystal deposition, cellular phagocytosis, and subsequent inflammation intensity was imaged in ex vivo synovial organoids using SRS microscopy and other biochemical techniques. Results revealed that MSU crystals were more likely to deposit in OA synovium than in normal synovium. Furthermore, OA synoviocytes were more capable of phagocytosing crystals, leading to severe inflammation, and thus, expediting gout. These findings offer a potential explanation for why gout is preferred in OA joints and offer significant insights into the pathophysiology of gout, thereby informing prevention and management strategies for OA to prevent or alleviate the subsequent progression of gout.
Complex Dynamics of a Memory‐Induced Stage‐Structured Diffusive System With Maturation Delay and Strong Allee Effect
Authors: Ye Luhong , Zhao Hongyong , Zhang Xuebing , Wu Daiyong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, a memory‐induced stage‐structured prey–predator diffusive system with maturation delay and strong Allee effect is proposed. First, the positivity of solutions and survival of the non‐spatial system are studied. The results indicate that strong Allee effect affects the coexistence of two populations to maintain the harmonious development of the ecosystem, and they can coexist if and only if the predator's fertility is greater than its mortality when the prey reaches its peak. The non‐spatial system can undergo Hopf bifurcation caused by the maturation delay. Then we obtain complex dynamics for the spatial system with spatial memory. On one hand, spatial memory diffusion and memory delay can bring about not only Hopf bifurcation and Turing bifurcation but also Turing‐Hopf bifurcation and Bogdanov‐Takens bifurcation with strong Allee effect. On the other hand, spatial memory delay and maturation delay could induce double Hopf bifurcation. Furthermore, we also investigate the global continuation of local periodic solutions for the spatial system without spatial memory. These interesting results may provide new clues for the investigation of the coexistence for the populations and understanding the complex dynamics of prey–predator systems.
Noninvasive High‐Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Therapy in Women With Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Leonardo Kevin , Rahardjo Harrina E. , Afriansyah Andika 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) is an uncontrollable expulsion of urine at a time. UI is obviously not life‐threatening, but its impact on the patient's quality of life (QoL) is often devastating. Many treatments method to address this problem but all these methods have limitations. Recently, a brand‐new noninvasive treatment for pelvic floor muscles (PFM) using a high‐intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) field was unveiled. HIFEM therapy may provide better results thus in this study, we aim to summarize the existing evidence and assess the efficacy and safety of HIFEM.MethodThe databases used were Pubmed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and SCOPUS. The literature search was performed using strategic keywords (women) AND ((High Intensity Electromagnetic Field) OR (Electromagnetic Stimulation)) AND ((urinary incontinence) OR (overactive bladder) OR (pelvic floor dysfunction)). Articles that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria are then analyzed.ResultsSeven studies were included in this review, most of the studies concluded that the usage of HIFEM can reduce the symptoms related to UI significantly and improve QoL. There was higher decrease of UI episodes (MD: −4.10, 95% CI: −7.34 to −0.85, p = 0.01) and improvement of ICIQ‐UI SF score (MD: −3.03, 95% CI: −3.27 to −2.79, p = < 0.00001) in HIFEM group compared to control. Subgroup analyses showed better QoL parameter (MD −3.40; p = 0.01, MD −0.70; p = 0.04) compared to control, albeit statistically comparable overall (p = 0.09). However, both pooled analyses for contraction and resting tone changes revealed that there were no significant differences between both groups (SMD: 0.98, 95% CI: −0.70 to 2.660, p = 0.25 and SMD: 0.20, 95% CI: −0.18 to 0.58, p = 0.30, respectively). Finally, there was no safety issue highlighted in most of the studies included.ConclusionCurrent published studies suggest that HIFEM may be an effective and safe noninvasive treatment for female UI by promoting QoL. However, due to being high in heterogeneity and possible bias, future high‐quality trials with proper blinding and standardized outcomes are necessary to conclude the applicability of HIFEM for UI.
Alterations in the Processing of Platelet APP (Amyloid Beta Precursor Protein) in Alzheimer Disease: The Possible Nexus
Authors: Al‐kuraishy Hayder M. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Mohammed Hamdoon A. , Dawood Retaj A. , Albuhadily Ali K. , Al‐Gareeb Ali I. , Abomughaid Mosleh M. , Klionsky Daniel J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease associated with the development of dementia. The hallmarks of AD neuropathology are accumulations of amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Aβ is derived from the processing of APP (amyloid beta precursor protein) by BACE1 (beta‐secretase 1) and γ‐secretase through an amyloidogenic pathway. However, processing of APP by ADAM10/α‐secretase (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10) enzymes through a non‐amyloidogenic pathway produces soluble APP alpha (sAPPα), which has a neuroprotective effect. It has been shown that activated platelets are implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, which also increases platelet activation. Under physiological conditions, platelets regulate synaptic plasticity and increase neuronal differentiation by regulation of the inflammatory response. However, overactivated platelets contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Activated platelets represent the main source of circulating APP and Aβ that may be involved in AD neuropathology. Therefore, there is a close relationship between AD neuropathology and activated platelets. This review discusses the potential role of platelets in the pathogenesis of AD, and how targeting of activated platelets may reduce AD neuropathology.
Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on use of antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering treatment in five randomized controlled STEP trials
Authors: Tchang Beverly G. , Knight Michael G. , Adelborg Kasper , Clements Jennifer N. , Iversen Aske Thorn , Traina Andrea 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering treatment changes in participants receiving semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo across pooled populations from five Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity (STEP) trials.MethodsEfficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg were evaluated in the STEP clinical trials. In this post hoc analysis, STEP 1, 3, 6, and 8 (which included people with overweight or obesity) and, separately, STEP 2 and 6 (which included people with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes) were pooled for analysis. Changes in antihypertensive or lipid‐lowering treatment intensity from randomization to end of treatment were evaluated.ResultsIn both pooled samples, a higher proportion of participants in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo underwent antihypertensive or lipid‐lowering treatment intensity reduction by end of treatment. A smaller proportion underwent antihypertensive or lipid‐lowering treatment intensification by end of treatment in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group of both samples versus placebo. In participants receiving antihypertensive or lipid‐lowering medications in both samples, greater numeric reductions in body weight were observed in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo.ConclusionsThese results support a relationship between semaglutide 2.4 mg treatment of overweight and obesity and reduced need for antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering treatment, facilitating treatment intensity reduction/discontinuation and abating treatment intensification.image
Disparities in Survival of Head and Neck Cancer in the Hispanic Population: Systematic‐Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Marrero‐Gonzalez Alejandro R. , Nanu Douglas P. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Brennan Emily A. , Albergotti William Greer , Chera Bhisham S. , Harper Jennifer L. , Kaczmar John M. , Kejner Alexandra E. , Newman Jason G. , Skoner Judith M. , Graboyes Evan M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe Hispanic health paradox (HHP), the observation that Hispanic people in the United States often experience better health outcomes than non‐Hispanic people despite having worse prognostic factors, has not been evaluated for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a malignancy with marked racial disparities in outcomes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the HHP within the context of HNSCC.Data SourcesCINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus.Review MethodsStudies that compared survival between Hispanic and non‐Hispanic patients with HNSCC in the United States were included. Meta‐analysis of adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was conducted to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) between Hispanic white (HW) and non‐Hispanic white (NHW) patients with HNSCC.ResultsOf 2106 unique abstracts reviewed, 25 studies were included in the systematic review and 22 in the meta‐analysis. Among the 657,185 patients in the meta‐analysis, 6.9% (95% CI: 5.8%‐8.3%) were of Hispanic ethnicity. HW patients had improved OS relative to NHW patients (aHR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86‐0.94) among the 17 studies reporting OS and improved CSS relative to NHW patients (aHR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80‐0.94) among the 4 studies reporting this outcome.ConclusionHW people with HNSCC exhibit improved survival relative to NHW people with HNSCC, supporting the HHP in the context of HNSCC. Research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms, which could provide insights into improving outcomes for all patients with HNSCC.
Iliac Crest Bone Graft and Fascia Lata Free Flap for Rescue of Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Vos Derek J. , Liu Sara W. , Arianpour Khashayar , Ciolek Peter J. , Prendes Brandon L. , Fritz Michael A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveDescribe the use, indications, and outcomes of iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) with concomitant anterolateral thigh fascia lata (ALTFL) rescue flap for the management of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingSingle institution.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients who underwent ICBG with ALTFL rescue flap for mandibular ORN between 2011 and 2023.ResultsTwenty‐three patients (mean age 66.5 years, 73.9% male) with mandibular ORN underwent ICBG at the time of ATLFL. Patients failed prior antibiotic therapy (78.3%), hyperbaric oxygen therapy (39.1%), and/or pentoxifylline/tocopherol (34.8%). The most common mandibular subsites included the body (91.3%) and the angle (60.9%). All patients underwent concurrent ICBG with ALTFL to augment cortical height of retained mandible (<1 cm following debridement of ORN to healthy, bleeding bone). Following the ALTFL rescue flap with ICBG, the median length of stay was 3 days. There was 1 episode of flap failure noted at follow‐up, requiring additional ALTFL procedure. No other major complications were reported at the reconstructed site. There were no complications associated with ICBG harvest, with all patients ambulating at the time of discharge. The mean clinical follow‐up length was 20 months. Mandibular stability, based on radiographic features and clinical symptoms, was maintained in the majority of patients. Mandibular height was restored to an average of 1.9 cm, with a mean radiographic follow‐up length of 16.8 months. A subset of patients (n = 4, 17.4%) experienced a flare in ORN symptoms following this procedure and required additional mandibular debridement with antibiotic therapy. One such patient required segmental mandibulectomy with osteocutaneous free flap reconstruction; however, all other patients exhibited radiographic and clinical arrest of symptoms for the follow‐up period of 6.5 to 61.7 months.ConclusionIn patients undergoing ALTFL rescue flap for mandibular ORN, ICBG appears to supplement mandibular height and strength in patients with limited remaining mandibular bone height following debridement, with successful arrest of clinical and radiographic disease progression, low morbidity, and abbreviated hospital stays.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Dynamically Vulcanized Thermoplastic Elastomer of Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Chloroprene Rubber (CR) Bioblends: Thermoactive Shape Memory Properties
Authors: abdollahifar Helen , Garmabi Hamid , Katbab Ali Asghar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNovel shape memory thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on polylactic acid (PLA) and chloroprene rubber (CR) have been fabricated via a dicumyl peroxide (DCP)‐induced dynamic vulcanization process. In situ, melt reactive compatibilization was achieved by molecular grafting of PLA onto the CR chains. This was evidenced by ATR‐FT‐IR spectroscopy, swelling test, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) results. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed co‐continuous morphology for dynamically vulcanized PLA/CR blends even at a 70/30 phase ratio of PLA/CR compared to the unvulcanized counterpart samples. This novel microstructure surprisingly indicated a network with excellent shape memory performance with shape fixity close to 100% and high shape recovery of ~90% compared to pure PLA. Furthermore, the PLA/CR thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPVs) displayed significantly improved tensile and impact strength in comparison with the unvulcanized PLA/CR blends, which are attributed to both the microstructure of the blend and the chemically cross‐linked nature of PLA and CR chains. The DMTA results illustrated higher elastic modulus for TPVs as a result of dynamic vulcanization and their unique microstructure.
Cranial, Renal, and Skeletal Anomalies in a Fetus With a Pathogenic Variant in the TAFAZZIN Gene
Authors: Muir Cordelia R. , Gilmore Kelly L. , Singh Smriti , Vora Neeta L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo report a case of a fetus with multiple congenital anomalies and suspected Barth syndrome, highlighting potential phenotypic expansion of the syndrome.MethodsA 32‐year‐old G4P2011 patient was referred at 18w5d gestation for suspected fetal encephalocele. Serial imaging, including ultrasound and MRI, was performed to evaluate fetal anomalies. Doppler studies assessed fetal development and postnatal findings were documented. Genetic variants were identified using trio whole exome sequencing.ResultsInitial ultrasound revealed occipital encephalocele, right renal aplasia, and abnormal vertebral curvature. Follow‐up MRI confirmed occipital encephalocele and identified Chiari malformation but normal renal morphology. Phenotypic evolution included intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), right renal hypoplasia, cardiomegaly, polyhydramnios, and hydrops fetalis. Delivery occurred via cesarean section at 30w6d due to non‐reassuring Doppler findings. Postnatally, the neonate exhibited esophageal atresia, vertebral segmentation and rib morphology defects, and right renal aplasia. The neonate died on the first day of life due to cardiac decompensation. Genetic testing identified a TAFAZZIN c.589G>A p.(Gly197Arg) pathogenic variant, consistent with Barth syndrome.ConclusionThe presentation of IUGR, cardiomyopathy, and hydrops fetalis aligns with Barth syndrome. However, the additional findings of occipital encephalocele, renal aplasia, and vertebral and rib anomalies suggest a potential phenotypic expansion of Barth syndrome.
Growth, Body Composition, and Strength of Children With Cystic Fibrosis Treated With Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI)
Authors: Boat Thomas , Hossain Md Monir , Nakamura Aisaku , Hjelm Michelle , Hardie William , Wackler Matthew , Amato Alyssa , Dress Carolyn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe prospectively monitored rates of change for growth, body mass and composition, muscle strength, and FEV1 in 6−11‐year‐olds initiating ETI therapy, comparing them to those of US reference children. We assessed factors potentially contributing to rate of change and report ranges of individual variation.MethodsBody composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and rates of change were analyzed using linear mixed effects regression models.ResultsAt enrollment, median BMI‐Z was 0.6 (IQR: −0.2, 1.1), percent body fat (PBF) was 22.7 (14.0, 31.5), and percent predicted(pp) FEV1 was 100 (90, 106). During ETI treatment, mean Z scores for annualized change rates of BMI (0.02 ± 0.07; p = 0.74), FMI (0.02 ± 0.08; p = 0.76), and FFMI (−0.03 ± 0.07; p = 0.68) were not different from zero. The most rapid weight gain occurred in girls (p = 0.01), 10−11‐year‐olds (p < 0.001), and those previously treated with a modulator (p = 0.005). Individual rates of change varied widely; PBF increased for 15 children (range: 0.7 to 10.0) and decreased for 12 (range: −0.7 to −9.5). Changes in body mass and composition were not significantly associated with changes in ppFEV1; regression coefficients were positive for FFMI (0.83) and SMMI (1.07) and negative for FMI (−0.29).ConclusionHealthy, well‐nourished children with CF, as a group, experienced growth and body composition changes similar to those of US children, added muscle mass, and often added more FM than FFM during ETI therapy. Individual variation underscores the need for body composition monitoring and interventions that promote healthy physical maturation for all during ETI therapy.
The Interplay Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Asthma Inception: Insights Gained From the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Amram Talia , Duek Or A. , Golan‐Tripto Inbal , Goldbart Aviv , Greenberg David , Hazan Guy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the first year of life has been linked with an increased risk for asthma. Some propose that RSV‐induced inflammation leads to lasting airway changes, while others contend that RSV bronchiolitis is a marker for underlying predisposition. Social distancing adopted during the COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a dramatic reduction in RSV activity, providing an unexpected opportunity to investigate this debate.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of asthma‐related healthcare‐utilization (HCU) in 1–3 years of age between children born in March–June 2020 (l‐RSV) and children born during the same months in the years 2014–2017 (H‐RSV).Study Design and MethodsThis retrospective study utilized nationwide healthcare database records from Clalit‐Healthcare‐Services, the largest healthcare organization in Israel. The study analyzed asthma‐related HCU, using multivariate logistic regression and Bayesian analyses.Results172,463 children were included in the study: 32,927 in the l‐RSV group versus 139,536 in the H‐RSV group. The l‐RSV cohort showed insignificant changes and increased rates of asthma‐related HCU between 1 and 3 years of age in some asthma surrogates, compared to the H‐RSV group.ConclusionReduction in RSV exposure during the first year of life did not correlate with a decrease in asthma‐related HCU. This may imply that RSV infection in infancy functions as an indicator of underlying predisposition rather than a direct cause of asthma.
Microwave Assisted Facile Synthesis of Butyl Acetate Over Dealuminated Beta Zeolite
Authors: Rao Bhondanthila Radhika , C. M. Hemanth Kumar. , Prakruthi Hullukere R. , B. M. Chandrashekara. , Gurudatt Doddahosuru Mahadevappa , K. C. Prakasha , Srikantamurthy Ningaiah , Chaitra Turuvekere Krishnamurthy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSolventless esterification of n‐butanol with acetic acid was investigated over original and partially dealuminated Beta zeolite catalysts. A mild organic acid, para‐toluene sulfonic acid (p‐TSA) of varied molar concentration was used for controlled dealumination of Beta zeolite under microwave heating. The effect of acidity modulation on the conversion of acetic acid and the recyclability of the used catalytic material was studied. The structural integrity, surface area, and the acidity of the original and modified catalyst samples were examined through XRD, BET,, and TPD ammonia techniques respectively. The reaction was investigated under both conventional and microwave heating maintaining similar experimental conditions. Observed results showed nearly similar acetic acid conversion in both modes of heating, but reactions in microwave heating were found to be considerably faster than conventional mode. The results reveal that the solventless esterification under microwave irradiation is an efficient green route for the esterification of n‐butanol with acetic acid.
A Novel Halogen‐Illumined Hydrazine Fluorescent Probe
Authors: Xu Wenzhi , Du Jie , Li Xue , Wang Shuo , Zhang Honglei , Li Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHydrazine had important applications in medicine, the chemical industry, and agriculture, but hydrazine pollution was also very harmful to human beings. Chemists have reported many types of hydrazine fluorescent probes. However, it was still challenging to continuously improve the selectivity and sensitivity of hydrazine fluorescent probes. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel NH2NH2 fluorescent probe based on the neighboring group participation (NGP). We choose bromine and chlorine as the neighboring group respectively. The probe had good anti‐interference ability. The detection limits to hydrazine were 0.027 µM (probe A) and 0.054 µM (probe B). The sensing mechanism was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT‐IR. Theoretical calculation showed that the energy barrier could be reduced by NGP. In terms of application, the probe has the function of quantitative detection of hydrazine in actual water samples.