bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image Processing Approach for Estimating the Degree of Surface Eroded by Slurry at Different Impact Velocities
Authors: Al-Bukhaiti M. A. , Abouel-Kasem A. , Abdelrhman Y. , Heshmat M. , Ahmed S. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research, we utilize image processing to analyze surfaces acquired from slurry-erosion tests carried out on AISI 5117 steel at various velocities and impact angles of 30 deg and 90 deg. The fractal and wavelet decomposition transform are two analysis tools that are particularly promising in this regard. These can be used to extract metrics that characterize slurry erosion in the same way that erosion rate is characterized. The study found that for a higher velocity of 15 m/s and a 30-deg impact angle, the fractal value was larger, irrespective of magnification. The fractal value is also in a positive linear regression with magnification. The extracted features of wavelet analysis were not distinctive for slurry-erosion behavior. The role of impact velocity in creating erosion damage is related to the variety of erosion mechanisms that are dependent on the particles’ kinetic energy. Microscopic examinations of damaged surfaces revealed that extruded lips indentation was the major mechanism of erosion, which occurred at 5 m/s speed and 30-deg impingement angle. Ploughing was proved that it was the predominant erosion mechanism at high velocity. Hence, the impact velocity determines the length of the wear tracks created by the ploughing mechanism.
Compatibility of Proteus®, matrine, and pyridalyl pesticides with Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot: Sublethal studies and persistence effect
Authors: Kordestani Mona , Mahdian Kamran , Baniameri Valiollah , Sheikhi Garjan Aziz 
Published: May 2022

The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an effective biological control agent that suppresses populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under greenhouse conditions. Our study assessed the lethal and sublethal effects of three novel pesticides on this predator. Results showed that pyridalyl presented the highest toxicity against A. swirskii adults based on LC50 (41.7 mg L-1). Also, sublethal concentrations (LC25) of Proteus® and pyridalyl not only significantly prolonged the duration of A. swirskii immature stages but alsoreduced the fecundity of the predator female adults by 21.4 and 41.5%, respectively. Similarly, the LC25 of both pesticides significantly reduced life table parameters of the F1 generation, which are important in the effective control of F. occidentalis, particularly in conservation biological control. In contrast, the LC25 of matrine stimulated reproduction in A. swirskii populations by significantly increasingR0 and r. Within a 24-h period, the number of F. occidentalis consumed by A. swirskii adults exposed to fresh Proteus® and pyridalyl residues was reduced by 35.6% and 15.8%, respectively. Proteus® caused the highest mortality in persistence assessments up to 96h. Our results indicated that only matrine is marginally compatible with the use of A. swirskii.
Sublethal effects of Milbemectin on biological parameters of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Mousavi Ahmad , Kheradmand Katayoon , Fathipour Yaghoub , Mosallanejad Hadi , Havasi Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2022

Pesticides cause serious damage to agricultural and natural ecosystems. Knowing pesticides' side effects on non-target beneficial phytoseiids is crucial for integrated mite management (IMM) programs. One solution is to use biological agents and a low concentration of pesticides together. The present study was conducted to evaluate sublethal effects of acaricide Milbemectin (Milbecnock®) at LC5, LC15 and LC25 levels on development and reproduction parameters of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Heneroit (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory conditions [25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L:D) hours]. Our results demonstrated that higher concentrations of Milbemectin (LC15 and LC25) had the most effect on the Longevity and the Total life span of both males and females of a predatory mite. The total life span in females was recorded from 42.67 days (Control) to 23.46 days (LC25 treatment). In an unusual observation, the oviposition period and also the total fecundity of the LC5 treatment have been 21.42 days and 37.31 offspring per individual, respectively. Which is recorded higher than the control treatment. These parameters were recorded in minimum value on the highest concentration treatment. Contrariwise the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and the finite rate of increase (λ) are not affected by sublethal concentrations of Milbemectin. The recommended dose of milbemectin based on the active ingredient is 10 ppm and the concentration obtained for LC5 is 27.92 ppm, which had a positive effect on fecundity and a slight imperceptible effect on the total life span reducing of the predatory mite. Sublethal effects of milbemectin and its impact on A. swirskii are discussed.
Association between espresso coffee and serum total cholesterol: the Tromsø Study 2015–2016
Authors: Svatun Åsne Lirhus , Løchen Maja-Lisa , Thelle Dag Steinar , Wilsgaard Tom 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCoffee raises serum cholesterol because of its diterpenes, cafestol and kahweol, and the effect varies by brewing method. Population-based research on espresso coffee’s impact on serum cholesterol is scarce. Our aim was to examine how various brewing methods, in particular espresso, were associated with serum total cholesterol (S-TC).MethodsWe used cross-sectional population data from the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study in Northern Norway (N=21 083, age ≥40 years). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association between S-TC as the dependent variable and each level of coffee consumption using 0 cups as the reference level, adjusting for relevant covariates and testing for sex differences.ResultsConsumption of 3–5 cups of espresso daily was significantly associated with increased S-TC (0.09 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.17 for women and 0.16 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.24 for men), compared with participants drinking 0 cups of espresso per day. Consumption of ≥6 cups of boiled/plunger coffee daily was also associated with increased S-TC (0.30 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.48 for women and 0.23 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.38 for men), compared with participants drinking 0 cups of boiled/plunger coffee. Consumption of ≥6 cups of filtered coffee daily was associated with 0.11 mmol/L (95% CI 0.03 to 0.19) higher S-TC levels for women but not for men. Instant coffee consumption had a significant linear trend but showed no dose–response relationship when excluding participants not drinking instant coffee. There were significant sex differences for all coffee types except boiled/plunger coffee.ConclusionEspresso coffee consumption was associated with increased S-TC with significantly stronger association for men compared with women. Boiled/plunger coffee was associated with increased S-TC in both sexes and with similar magnitude as shown in previous research. Filtered coffee was associated with a small increase in S-TC in women. Further research on espresso and S-TC is warranted.
Evaluation of HZX-960, a novel DCN1–UBC12 interaction inhibitor, as a potential antifibrotic compound for liver fibrosis
Authors: Zhou Wenjuan , Dong Guanjun , Gao Ge , He Zhangxu , Xu Jiale , Aziz Shireen , Ma Liying , Zhao Wen 
Published: May 2022

Liver fibrosis is a very common health problem and currently lacks effective treatments. Cullin RING E3 ligases (CRLs) regulate the turnover of ∼20% of mammalian cell proteins. Neddylation, the process by which NEDD8 is covalently attached to cullin proteins through sequential enzymatic reactions, is critical for the activation of CRLs and was recently found to be elevated in liver fibrosis. NEDD8-activating enzyme E1-specific inhibition led to the reduced liver damage characterized by decreased apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. However, the relevance of a co-E3 ligase, DCN1, in liver fibrosis remains unclear. Here, a novel and potent DCN1–UBC12 interaction inhibitor HZX-960 was discovered with an IC50value of 9.37 nmol/L, which could inhibit the neddylation of cullin3. Importantly, we identified that HZX-960 treatment could attenuate transforming growth factor β-induced liver fibrotic responses by reducing the deposition of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin, and upregulating cellular NF-E2-related factor 2, hemeoxygenase 1, and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 levels in two hepatic stellate cell lines. Additionally, DCN1 was shown to be unregulated in CCl4-induced mice liver tissue, and liver fibrotic signaling in mice was reduced by HZX-960. Therefore, our data demonstrated that HZX-960 possessed anti-liver fibrosis ability and that DCN1 may be a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis treatment.
The path to proton structure at 1% accuracy
Authors: Ball Richard D. , Carrazza Stefano , Cruz-Martinez Juan , Del Debbio Luigi , Forte Stefano , Giani Tommaso , Iranipour Shayan , Kassabov Zahari , Latorre Jose I. , Nocera Emanuele R. , Pearson Rosalyn L. , Rojo Juan , Stegeman Roy , Schwan Christopher , Ubiali Maria , Voisey Cameron , Wilson Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a new set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) based on a fully global dataset and machine learning techniques: NNPDF4.0. We expand the NNPDF3.1 determination with 44 new datasets, mostly from the LHC. We derive a novel methodology through hyperparameter optimization, leading to an efficient fitting algorithm built upon stochastic gradient descent. We use NNLO QCD calculations and account for NLO electroweak corrections and nuclear uncertainties. Theoretical improvements in the PDF description include a systematic implementation of positivity constraints and integrability of sum rules. We validate our methodology by means of closure tests and “future tests” (i.e. tests of backward and forward data compatibility), and assess its stability, specifically upon changes of PDF parametrization basis. We study the internal compatibility of our dataset, and investigate the dependence of results both upon the choice of input dataset and of fitting methodology. We perform a first study of the phenomenological implications of NNPDF4.0 on representative LHC processes. The software framework used to produce NNPDF4.0 is made available as an open-source package together with documentation and examples.
A note on inflation in dRGT massive gravity
Authors: Afshar B. , Riazi N. , Moradpour H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough the dRGT massive gravity successfully explains the late-time cosmic acceleration, it cannot justify inflation. On the other hand, and in the frameworks of General Relativity and modified gravity, the interests and attempts to describe dark energy and inflation by using Lagranginas, which may have pole, have recently been enhanced. Subsequently, we are going to show that this kind of Lagrangian may justify inflation in the framework of dRGT massive gravity. The study is done focusing on the power and exponential potentials, and the results show a plausible consistency with the Planck 2018 data and its combination with BK18 and BAO.
Construction of a Multimodal Corpus of College Students’ Spoken English Based on Semantic Concepts
Authors: Tian Xianhui 
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of multimedia technology, multimodal corpus came into being, which also opened up a new idea for oral English grammar teaching. In view of the problems existing in the current traditional English grammar textbooks, this paper applies the concepts of “corpus driven” and “multimodality” to grammar textbooks and tries to describe language use in a more authentic, reliable, and up-to-date form. In view of the problems existing in the current traditional English grammar teaching materials, this paper applies the semantic concept to the grammar teaching materials and tries to describe the language use in a more authentic, reliable, and up-to-date form. Based on the semantic concept, this paper studies the construction of college students’ oral English multimodal corpus. After the experiment, the results of the language fluency, accuracy, and complexity of the subjects in the experimental group and the control group are tested. The differences between the two groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA as follows: in terms of language fluency,

F

1
,
62

=
0.835

,

P
>
0.04

, which showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups after the experiment. In terms of accuracy,

F

1
,
62

=
10.693

,

P
<
0.04

. There was significant difference between the two groups after the experiment. In this study, by analyzing and counting the distribution of conjunctions in students’ oral discourse, the types of conjunctions, their frequency of use, and the types of errors in use, we hope to understand the level and limitations of students’ use of conjunctions in oral discourse, so that students can better apply semantic conceptual cohesion and speak a coherent discourse, First of all, we should help students establish the awareness of textual cohesion and coherence.
The Influence Of Budget Participation, Information Asymetricity And Budget Emphasis On Budget Gap On Community Empowerment Offices And Villages Of West Sumatera Province
Authors: Ananda Febryandhie , Ikhwan Syamratul 
Published: May 2022

Budgetary slack is a gap by managers or subordinates in participating to budget by giving budget estimates that do not fit the actual situation. The purpose of this study to determine the influence of budget participation, asymmetry of information and budget emphasis towards budgetary slack. The research was conducted at Department of community empowerment and the village west sumatera province. The respondents in this study are those of the budget as many 40 samples were collected for analysis by using total sampling method. Designs in this research is quantitative method. Methods of data analysis using multiple regression analysis by SPSS 25.0 software program. The results shows that budget participation give positive effect and significant on the budgetary slack, asymmetry of information also give positive effect and significant on the budgetary slack and budget emphasis give positive effect and significant on the budgetary slack.
A representação (anti)feminista na imprensa ilustrada argentina do início do século XX: entre disputas e apropriações
Authors: Moreira Thaís Batista Rosa 
Published: May 2022

Uma das grandes pautas políticas do início do século XX foi o sufrágio feminino, questão que mobilizou uma série de militantes, políticos e articulistas, seja em seu apoio, seja em sua oposição. Tendo a imprensa como fonte, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar parte da trajetória feminista argentina a partir de dois periódicos ilustrados: PBT e Caras y Caretas. Além disso, outras fontes da imprensa internacional da época são mencionadas, uma vez que muitas das representações sobre o tema circularam por diferentes países. Para isso, mobilizaremos a concepção de representação de Roger Chartier, as ideias acerca da circulação e da apropriação cultural mencionadas por Angela de Castro Gomes e Patricia Souza Hansen, bem como algumas considerações sobre a história conceitual do político de Pierre Rosanvallon. Nesse sentido, buscamos evidenciar como o debate sobre a emancipação feminina foi permeado por disputas – que envolviam posicionamentos detratores do feminismo e do sufragismo – mas também por apropriações – que as mulheres militantes utilizaram para contrapor os discursos antifeministas em voga, especialmente na imprensa.
Validation and intercomparison of satellite-based rainfall products over Africa with TAHMO in-situ rainfall observations
Authors: Macharia Denis , Fankhauser Katie , Selker John S. , Neff Jason C. , Thomas Evan A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Increasingly, satellite-derived rainfall data is used for climate research and action in Africa. In this study, we use six years of rain gauge data from 596 stations operated by the Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory (TAHMO) to validate three gauge-calibrated satellite rainfall products – CHIRPS, TAMSAT and GSMaP_wGauge – and one satellite-only rainfall product – GSMaP. Validations are stratified to evaluate performance across the continent and in East Africa, Southern Africa, and West Africa at daily, pentadal, and monthly timescales. For daily mean rainfall over Africa, CHIRPS has the highest bias at 15.5 % (0.5 mm) whereas GSMaP_wGauge has the lowest bias at 0.02 mm (0.7 %). We find higher daily rainfall event detection scores in the GSMaP products than in CHIRPS or TAMSAT. Generally, for every two rainfall events predicted by CHIRPS and TAMSAT, the GSMaP products predict three or more events. The highest mean monthly biases are produced by CHIRPS in East Africa (29 %; 26.3 mm wet bias), TAMSAT in Southern Africa (13 %; 10.4 mm dry bias) and GSMaP in West Africa (23 %; 19.6 mm wet bias). Considerable biases in seasonal rainfall are observed in all sub-regions for every satellite product. There is an increase of 0.6–1.3 mm in satellite rainfall RMSE for a 1 km increase in elevation revealing the influence of elevation on rainfall estimation by satellite models. Overall, satellite-derived rainfall products have notable errors, while GSMaP products produce comparable or better results at multiple timescales relative to CHIRPS and TAMSAT.
When History and Heterogeneity Matter: A Tutorial on the Impact of Markov Model Specifications in the Context of Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Townsley Rachel M. , Koutouan Priscille R. , Mayorga Maria E. , Mills Sarah D. , Davis Melinda M. , Hasmiller Lich Kristen 
Published: May 2022

Background Markov models are used in health research to simulate health care utilization and disease states over time. Health phenomena, however, are complex, and the memoryless assumption of Markov models may not appropriately represent reality. This tutorial provides guidance on the use of Markov models of different orders and stratification levels in health decision-analytic modeling. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is used as a case example to examine the impact of using different Markov modeling approaches on CRC outcomes. Methods This study used insurance claims data from commercially insured individuals in Oregon to estimate transition probabilities between CRC screening states (no screen, colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test or fecal occult blood test). First-order, first-order stratified by sex and geography, and third-order Markov models were compared. Screening trajectories produced from the different Markov models were incorporated into a microsimulation model that simulated the natural history of CRC disease progression. Simulation outcomes (e.g., future screening choices, CRC incidence, deaths due to CRC) were compared across models. Results Simulated CRC screening trajectories and resulting CRC outcomes varied depending on the Markov modeling approach used. For example, when using the first-order, first-order stratified, and third-order Markov models, 30%, 31%, and 44% of individuals used colonoscopy as their only screening modality, respectively. Screening trajectories based on the third-order Markov model predicted that a higher percentage of individuals were up-to-date with CRC screening as compared with the other Markov models. Limitations The study was limited to insurance claims data spanning 5 y. It was not possible to validate which Markov model better predicts long-term screening behavior and outcomes. Conclusions Findings demonstrate the impact that different order and stratification assumptions can have in decision-analytic models. Highlights This tutorial uses colorectal cancer screening as a case example to provide guidance on the use of Markov models of different orders and stratification levels in health decision-analytic models. Colorectal cancer screening trajectories and projected health outcomes were sensitive to the use of alternate Markov model specifications. Although data limitations precluded the assessment of model accuracy beyond a 5-y period, within the 5-y period, the third-order Markov model was slightly more accurate in predicting the fifth colorectal cancer screening action than the first-order Markov model. Findings from this tutorial demonstrate the importance of examining the memoryless assumption of the first-order Markov model when simulating health care utilization over time.
Depressive Symptoms Partially Mediate the Association of Frailty Phenotype Symptoms and Cognition for Females but Not Males
Authors: Resciniti Nicholas V. , Farina Mateo P. , Merchant Anwar T. , Lohman Matthew C. 
Published: May 2022

Objectives We aimed to evaluate whether depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between frailty phenotype and cognitive function by sex. Methods Data came from the Health and Retirement Study from 2012–2016. The outcome was measured by Fried’s frailty criteria, our outcome was continuous global cognition, and mediator was depressive symptoms. We used mediation analysis, stratified by sex, to estimate the direct and indirect effects of frailty symptoms on cognition mediated by depressive symptoms. Results Males had a larger total effect (β= −0.43; 95% CI: −0.66, −0.02) for lower cognitive score for each increase in frailty symptom compared to females (β= −0.28; 95% CI: −0.47, −0.08). A significant indirect effect from frailty phenotype to cognition was found through depressive symptoms for females but not males. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of identifying individuals with frailty and depressive symptoms to monitor and provide interventions to preserve cognitive function.
Association Between Monocyte Count and Preoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis in Older Patients with hip Fracture: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Zhicong , Zhou Qing , Liu Hailong , Zhang Jianjun , Zhu Zhonglun , Wu Jijun , Chen Xue , Liu Yuehong 
Published: May 2022

Purpose To analyze the relationship between monocyte count and preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in older patients with hip fracture. Methods Consecutive older patients with hip fracture undergoing surgery were included from January 2014 to December 2021. Monocyte count was measured on admission, and Doppler ultrasonography was performed for DVT screening prior to surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between monocyte count and DVT. Results A total of 674 patients were finally included, and 128 patients (19.0%) were diagnosed with preoperative DVT. Patients with DVT exhibited a higher monocyte count than patients without DVT [0.55 (0.43-0.72) × 109/L versus 0.49 (0.38-0.63) × 109/L, P = 0.007]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a high monocyte count (> 0.6 × 109/L) was independently associated with a higher risk of DVT (OR = 1.705, 95% CI: 1.121-2.593, P = 0.013), and for every 0.1 × 109/L increase in monocyte count, the risk of DVT increased by 8.5% (OR = 1.085, 95% CI: 1.003-1.174, P = 0.041). Other risk factors associated with DVT included intertrochanteric fracture (OR = 1.596, 95% CI: 1.022-2.492, P = 0.040), and elevated fibrinogen level (OR = 1.236, 95% CI: 1.029-1.484, P = 0.023). Conclusion A high monocyte count is associated with an increased risk of DVT in older patients with hip fracture. Future studies should evaluate the potential role of monocyte in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis.