bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived Pain and Smoking Interrelations Among Veterans with Chronic Pain Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Trial
Authors: Lee Megan , Bastian Lori A , LaRowe Lisa , DeRycke Eric C , Relyea Mark , Becker William C , Ditre Joseph W 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The Pain and Smoking Inventory (PSI) measures patients’ perceived interrelations of their pain and smoking behavior, and it comprises three conceptually distinct domains: smoking to cope with pain (PSI-Cope), pain as a motivator of smoking (PSI-Motivate), and pain as a barrier to cessation (PSI-Barrier). Associations between PSI scores and pain interference and self-efficacy to quit smoking, two measures that can affect cessation outcomes, remain unclear.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of baseline data from 371 veterans with chronic pain (88% male, Medianage =60) enrolled in a randomized smoking cessation trial. We used sequential multivariate regression models to examine associations between the three PSI domains and pain interference / self-efficacy.

Results
Of 371 veterans who completed baseline surveys, 88% were male, with a median age of 60 years. PSI-Motivate scores were positively associated with pain interference (beta [B]: 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 to 0.34). PSI-Barrier subscores were negatively associated with self-efficacy (B: –0.23, 95% CI: –0.36 to –0.10).

Conclusion
Findings suggest that individuals who hold maladaptive perceptions of pain–smoking interrelations could be more likely to endorse higher pain interference and lower self-efficacy—two established predictors of cessation outcomes. Moreover, each PSI subscale demonstrated unique relationships with the dependent variables, and our results provided support for a three-factor structure. These findings further demonstrate that the PSI comprises three conceptually and empirically distinct domains; future research should evaluate the clinical utility of assessing each domain in relation to cessation outcomes.
Mosaic variants in TNFRSF1A: an emerging cause of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome
Authors: Assrawi Eman , Louvrier Camille , El Khouri Elma , Delaleu Jérémie , Copin Bruno , Dastot-Le Moal Florence , Piterboth William , Legendre Marie , Karabina Sonia A , Grateau Gilles , Amselem Serge , Giurgea Irina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
To identify the molecular basis of a systemic autoinflammatory disorder (SAID) evocative of TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS).

Methods
(i) Deep next generation sequencing (NGS) through a SAID gene panel; (ii) variant allele distribution in peripheral blood subpopulations; (iii) in silico analyses of mosaic variants using TNF receptor superfamily 1A (TNFRSF1A) crystal structure; (iv) review of the very rare TNFRSF1A mosaic variants reported previously.

Results
In a 36-year-old man suffering from recurrent fever for 12 years, high-depth NGS revealed a TNFRSF1A mosaic variant, c.176G&gt;A p.(Cys59Tyr), which Sanger sequencing failed to detect. This mosaic variant displayed a variant allele fraction of 14% in whole blood; it affects both myeloid and lymphoid lineages. p.(Cys59Tyr), a recurrent germline pathogenic variant, affects a crucial cysteine located in the first cysteine-rich domain (CRD1) and involved in a disulphide bridge. Introduction of a tyrosine at this position is expected to disrupt the CRD1 structure. Review of the three previously reported TNFRSF1A mosaic variants revealed that they are all located in a small region of CRD2 and that germinal cells can be affected.

Conclusion
This study expands the localization of TNFRSF1A mosaic variants to the CRD1 domain. Noticeably, residues involved in germline TNFRSF1A mutational hot spots can also be involved in post-zygotic mutational events. Including our study, only four patients have been thus far reported with TNFRSF1A mosaicism, highlighting the need for a high-depth NGS-based approach to avoid the misdiagnosis of TRAPS. Genetic counselling has to consider the potential occurrence of TNFRSF1A mosaic variants in germinal cells.
0032 Objective and Subjective Measures of Sleep Initiation are Differentially Associated with DNA Methylation in Adolescents
Authors: Larsen Michael , He Fan , Imamura Yuka , Berg Arthur , Vgontzas Alexandros , Liao Duanping , Bixler Edward , Fernandez-Mendoza Julio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The onset of puberty is associated with a shift in the circadian timing of sleep leading to delayed sleep initiation [i.e., later sleep onset time (SOT)] driven by later bedtimes and/or longer sleep onset latency (SOL). Subjective sleep initiation, as per self-reports, and objective sleep initiation, as per actigraphy (ACT) or polysomnography (PSG), assess equally relevant but different domains of the same physiological process. Several GWAS have identified genes associated with sleep and circadian phenotypes; however, little is known regarding the epigenetic basis and significance of delayed sleep initiation in adolescence, a critical developmental period.

Methods
We analyzed data from 263 adolescents from the Penn State Child Cohort follow-up study who had complete subjective (self-reported questionnaires), at-home 7-night ACT, and in-lab 9-hour PSG data for bedtime, SOL and SOT. Epigenome-wide single-nucleotide resolution of DNA methylation in cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and surrounding regions were obtained from peripheral leukocytes. Linear regression assessed the association between bedtime, SOL and SOT with site-specific methylation levels, adjusting for sex, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and psychotropic medication use. P-values were adjusted using the Benjamini & Hochberg method to correct for false discovery rate and, thus, q-values are reported.

Results
Exome-wide analysis showed differential methylation in 1450 unique genes across the 9 sleep measurements, while GWAS-informed analysis yielded 57 genes. Gene hits were identified for bedtime (PSG), SOL (subjective, ACT and PSG) and SOT (subjective and PSG): 14 genes were associated with both subjective and PSG-measured SOL, 34 with both ACT- and PSG-measured SOL, and one (TBC1D22A) with subjective, ACT- and PSG-measured SOL. One gene (ABTB2) was associated with subjective and PSG-measured SOT.

Conclusion
Objective and subjective sleep initiation in adolescents is associated with altered DNA methylation in genes previously identified in adult GWAS of sleep and circadian phenotypes. Our data provides evidence for a potential epigenetic link between habitual (subjective and ACT) SOL and in-lab SOT and DNAm in genes involved in circadian regulation (i.e., RASD1, RAI1), metabolism (i.e., FADS1, WNK1, SLC5A6), and neuropsychiatric disorders (i.e., PRR7, SDK1, FAM172A).

Support (If Any)
National Institutes of Health (R01HL136587, R01MH118308, UL1TR000127)
0082 External Validation of an Enhanced Machine Learning Algorithm: Polysomnography-Based Narcolepsy-Like Feature Assessment and Clinician Notification in Routine Sleep Medicine Clinics
Authors: Moore Hyatt , Zheng Alex , Cairns Alyssa , Lillaney Prasheel , Black Jed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Polysomnography (PSG) contains quantitative information that, using machine learning (ML) algorithms, may aid the identification of type 1 narcolepsy. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a previously developed quantitative tool (ML evaluation of PSG data) for detecting narcolepsy (types 1 and 2) in a “real-world” sleep clinic population.

Methods
Nocturnal PSG studies from a random sample of sleep clinic patients (narcolepsy, n=302; controls, n=21,535) were randomly split (1:1) into a training set and a validation set for algorithm testing. A separate, external PSG dataset was used for additional testing of the final model. Sleep stage probability graphs (hypnodensities) were estimated from PSGs on 15-second epochs using a previously developed convolutional neural network. Feature engineering was applied to hypnodensities to create a feature vector that was used to train a Gaussian process (GP) model to identify patients with a high probability of having narcolepsy. Features could be scaled to the 85th percentile, zero-mean and unit-variance, or unscaled. A recursive feature-elimination scheme was compared with training the GP kernel’s length scale for determining the subset of features that best discriminate narcolepsy and controls. A synthetic minority oversampling technique was applied in combination with random undersampling to balance the distribution of cases and controls in the training set. Several kernels and relevant hyperparameters were evaluated. Model performance (specificity and sensitivity) was examined using receiver operating characteristics with the goal of achieving an area under the curve (AUC) ≥0.80.

Results
The final GP model used a Matérn 5/2 covariance kernel with the length scale hyperparameter trained to determine the feature subset selection. Input features were normalized to zero-mean and unit-variance. The model had AUC=0.9960 and AUC=0.8014 for classifying narcolepsy in the training and validation sets, respectively. Sensitivity ranged from 73% to 65% when specificity was between 75% and 80%. Final performance evaluation of the model for classifying narcolepsy in an external PSG dataset is ongoing; results will be presented at the congress.

Conclusion
An ML-based algorithm can offer an objective, sensitive, and specific tool for alerting sleep clinicians about patients at risk for narcolepsy, using nocturnal PSG in general sleep medicine clinics.

Support (If Any)
Jazz Pharmaceuticals.
0114 Evolution of brain circuits supporting spatial navigational memory across sleep
Authors: Parekh Ankit , Kam Korey , Valencia Daphne , Fleysher Lazar , Fakhoury Ahmad , Castillo Bresne , Rapoport David , Ayappa Indu , Varga Andrew 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Systems consolidation is one of the major theories of sleep’s function in memory. Sleep is thought to be important in integrating and distributing hippocampal information to cortical structures such that there is less hippocampal activation, while at the same time increasing striatal activation, upon subsequent experience in the same environment that co-occurs with improved performance. Here we sought to examine the evidence supporting systems consolidation across sleep in spatial navigational memory.

Methods
15 subjects (28±5 yrs., 8 female) with no prior videogame experience and no sleep disorders were recruited to undergo spatial navigational memory testing before and after a night of sleep. Spatial navigational memory was tested across two functional MR (fMRI) sessions (approx. 7PM and 8AM) separated by in-lab nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) measured sleep using a virtual 3D Maze. Each fMRI session consisted of six runs: three maze trials interleaved with three control trials. During maze trials participants were instructed to reach a prespecified goal as quickly as possible, whereas during the control trials, participants were instructed to navigate a Z-shaped corridor with no prespecified goal. fMRI data was analyzed in 2-step procedure using Analysis of Functional Neuroimages (AFNI) software package. To estimate hippocampal activity during fMRI, parameter estimates of the %change in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal using the contrast maze-control were used as the primary metric. Regions of interest were limited to the bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, caudate, and putamen using the Eickhoff-Zilles macro labels from the MNI-N27 template.

Results
During in-lab NPSG, participants experienced a total sleep time of 6.1±1.1 hrs (8.7±2.9%stage1, 51.2±7.6%stage2, 21.8±8.5%stage3, 18.1±6%REM). Within subjects, compared to pre-sleep, a significantly lower activation of the bilateral hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus was observed post-sleep (evening-morning %change=0.26±0.11, p&lt;0.05). Compared to pre-sleep, caudate and putamen activity was not significantly different post-sleep (evening-morning %change=-0.02±0.04,p=0.5). Greater evening hippocampal activity was associated with greater change in maze completion times across sleep (rho=0.54, p=0.04).

Conclusion
In young healthy adults, a night of uninterrupted sleep supports redistribution of hippocampal contribution toward spatial navigation. Greater initial pre-sleep hippocampal contribution was associated with improved recall of spatial navigational memory after a night of sleep.

Support (If Any)
NIH R21AG059179, R01AG056682, K25HL151912
0143 Firefighters' Sleepiness and Total Sleep Time Varies Throughout Their Shift Schedule
Authors: Billings Joel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Most career firefighters in the US are allowed to rest and sleep, yet at the same time must be ready to respond to emergencies. We recently found that inter-daily rhythms in firefighter total sleep time (TST) and that the rhythms are related to their shift schedule. Considering the relationship between sleep duration and health outcomes, the purpose of this research is to assess the daily relationship between preceding TST and sleepiness throughout two popular fire department shift schedules.

Methods
Firefighters participated in a pre-experimental, longitudinal sleep study that assessed sleep over 18 days on the 24-hours on and 48-hours off (24/48) (n=22) and again 18 days, six-months after firefighters transitioned to the 48-hours on and 96-hours off (48/96) shift schedules (n=20). Daily TST was assessed using actigraphy and the Emergency Services Sleep Diary and daily sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), completed every afternoon at 1:00 PM.

Results
The results of the one-way repeated measures ANOVA for each schedule indicated a statistically significant difference in ESS scores among days within the 24/48 (F(2,42) = 8.56, p&lt;0.01) and 48/49 shift schedule (F(5,95) = 7.40, p&lt;0.05). Using pre-shift as baseline, differences of preceding TST and afternoon sleepiness were related in the 24/48 (r(64)= -.62, p ≤.001) and 48/96 (r(118)= -.54, p ≤.001) shift schedule. The greatest mean levels of sleepiness occurred on days in which firefighters commuted to and from the fire station. During non-workdays, mean afternoon sleepiness decreased as firefighters returned to baseline TST.

Conclusion
Firefighters experienced an inverse relationship between preceding TST and afternoon sleepiness. The least TST occurred on commute days; firefighters begin shift with insufficient sleep and drove home with insufficient sleep. Subsequently, firefighters experienced greatest levels of sleepiness during those afternoons. The findings of daily variation in TST and sleepiness highlight the importance for firefighters to prioritize sleep so that they begin shift well rested and commute home well rested. In addition, the implication of the results questions whether other acute health outcomes also vary within fire department shift schedules.

Support (If Any)
0226 Circadian influence on food intake among adolescents with overweight and healthy weight
Authors: Barker David , Carskadon Mary , Gredvig-Ardito Caroline , Hart Chantelle , Raynor Hollie , Scheer Frank 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Meal timing has been linked to obesity in adults and children; however, evidence for an endogenous influence of the circadian system on food intake is unknown. We measured food intake during forced desynchrony (FD) in adolescents with healthy weight (HW) or overweight (OW), hypothesizing that circadian timing would affect food intake independent of the environmental cycle and that the food intake rhythm would be delayed in adolescents with OW compared to HW.

Methods
Participants were 51 (29m) adolescents (12-15yr); 24 were HW and 27 OW determined by CDC norms. Participants completed seven, 28h-FD cycles; 6 meals occurred at fixed times each cycle with foods selected ~1h before meals and weighed before and after. Each meal’s energy intake was computed relative to total energy consumed in that FD cycle. Endogenous circadian period was determined using salivary dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) phases (DLMO=0°). Time awake effect was assessed using mixed effect models and circadian phase with multilevel cosinor that included time awake as a categorical covariate.

Results
Circadian period was not significantly different between OW and HW (mean, StDev; HW =24.19h,0.22; OW=24.22h,0.14). Overall, participants consumed more calories on the cycles’ first meals (22.0% [21.3;22.6]) compared to the last meal (12.4% [11.8;13.0]). Adolescents with OW vs. HW consumed a higher proportion of calories later in the wake episode (F(5,2081)=2.63,p=.02). As hypothesized, circadian phase influenced caloric intake with an amplitude of 2.66% [2.19;3.14] percent daily calories and an acrophase of 301°[291;310], equivalent to ~17:52 in this population. The circadian influence differed by weight category (likelihood ratio test of both amplitude and acrophase; χ2(2)=10.7,p&lt;.01), with those with OW showing a lower amplitude (OW = 2.11%[1.40;2.82], HW=3.53%[2.94;4.12] and later acrophase (OW=301° [287;314], HW=290° [278;302]).

Conclusion
Results show for the first time an independent influence of the endogenous circadian timing system on caloric intake of humans that differed as a function of body weight: caloric intake for adolescents with OW had a circadian rhythm with blunted amplitude and delayed peak phase. These observations show circadian control of food intake that may be stronger in HW than OW adolescents.

Support (If Any)
P20GM139743; R01DK101046; R01HL153969
0232 An Intraindividual Variability of Sleep Health and Perceived Stress in College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kwon Misol , Wang Jia , Dean Grace , Dickerson Suzanne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Pandemic-related societal response and uncertainty have generated marked changes in sleep-wake patterns and psycho-social well-being especially among first year college students. The current study sough to describe the changes in the sleep health domains determined from Actigraph and self-report, and examine the associations between the repeated-measure and intraindividual variability (IIV) of these domains and perceived stress in young college students over the course of a semester in the midst of an on-going COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., Fall, 2020).

Methods
A repeated measure design at 1-month interval across a 3-month period was conducted among a group of diverse racial and ethnic groups of college students (N=23, 78.3% female, age range 17-18). Participants completed a 7-days of wrist Actigraph, daily sleep diaries, and other surveys at each interval. A multidimensional sleep health was determined using Actigraph and daily sleep diary measures of sleep duration, efficiency, timing and regularity, and self-reported surveys of sleep satisfaction and alertness during daytime. Participants also completed the Perceived Stress Scale. Non-parametric tests were used to assess the changes in sleep health across 3 intervals, and a series of linear mixed effects model and regression analysis were conducted to assess associations between stress and subjective sleep health, adjusting for sex.

Results
Actigraph-determined sleep timing and regularity, and sleep diary-determined sleep timing and alertness during daytime demonstrated statistically significant changes between given timepoints. Among the sleep diary-determined sleep health domains, greater perceived stress was associated with more irregular (B=2.25 [.87–3.62], p&lt;.001), more dissatisfied (B=.04 [.02–.19], p&lt;.01), and sleepier during daytime (B=.18 [.05–.31], p&lt;.001), across 3 timepoints. Moreover, greater perceived stress was associated with greater IIV (i.e., fluctuations) in sleep satisfaction, but no significance was found among IIV of other domains.

Conclusion
This study aids understanding of the relationship between stress and sleep health in this population, and offers insight to future research questions that can facilitate intervention development to promote both mental and sleep health among young college students.

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0249 Sleeping In to Avoid Acting Out: The Association Between Sleep Regularity and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Perez Elliottnell , Sabet Sahar , Soto Pablo , Dzierzewski Joseph 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep and emotions are closely intertwined facets of individuals’ mental health and well-being. Previous studies have consistently shown that sleep is critical in the maintenance of emotion regulation; however, few research studies have examined the association between sleep regularity and emotion regulation skills. The current study seeks to answer this question by examining whether sleep regularity is associated with individual facets of emotion regulation, as well as overall emotion regulation ability.

Methods
Secondary analysis was performed on data obtained from 999 individuals (M age=44.17, SD=16.23; 47.7% female) who participated in the Investigating Sleep Longitudinally Across Normal Development (ISLAND) online study. The Sleep Regularity Questionnaire was used to measure the degree to which individuals engage in consistent sleep behavior. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale was used to measure perceived overall emotion regulation ability, as well as individual facets of emotion regulation. Regression analyses were used to determine whether sleep regularity predicted difficulties in emotion regulation while controlling for age, race, gender, sleep quality, and total sleep time. Total sleep time and sleep quality information were obtained from item #4 and item #6 of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively.

Results
Less sleep regularity significantly predicted greater overall emotion regulation difficulties (p=.021, B=-.13). Less sleep regularity was associated with greater difficulty in individual facets of emotion regulation including emotional clarity (p&lt;.001, B=-.05), impulse control (p&lt;.001, B=-.05), nonacceptance of emotional responses (p=.009, B=-.04), and access to emotion regulation strategies (p&lt;.001, B=-.06). Surprisingly, greater sleep regularity was associated with more difficulties with emotional awareness (p&lt;.001, B=.09). Sleep regularity was not associated with difficulty engaging in goal-direct behavior (p=.103, B=-.02).

Conclusion
Poorer sleep regularity significantly predicted greater overall emotion regulation difficulties. Findings from the current study add to the literature supporting the close links between sleep and emotion regulation, and suggest that the promotion and enhancement of consistent, regular sleep may be an important factor that leads to improved emotion regulatory skills beyond the sleep experience (i.e., sleep quality and duration). Additional research is needed to disentangle this association and identify additional factors or mechanisms that may further elucidate this association.

Support (If Any)
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K23AG049955 (PI: Dzierzewski).