bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid-then-slow migration reproduces mass distribution of TRAPPIST-1 system
Authors: Ogihara Masahiro , Kokubo Eiichiro , Nakano Ryuunosuke , Suzuki Takeru K. 
Published: January 2022

Context. The TRAPPIST-1 system is an iconic planetary system in various aspects (e.g., habitability, resonant relation, and multiplicity) and hence has attracted considerable attention. The mass distribution of the TRAPPIST-1 planets is characterized by two features: the two inner planets are large, and the masses of the four planets in the outer orbit increase with orbital distance. The origin of these features cannot be explained by previous formation models.
Aims. We investigate whether the mass distribution of the TRAPPIST-1 system can be reproduced by a planet formation model using N-body simulations.
Methods. We used a gas disk evolution model around a low-mass star constructed by considering disk winds and followed the growth and orbital migration from planetary embryos with the isolation mass, which increases with orbital distance.
Results. As a result, we find that from the initial phase, planets in inner orbits undergo rapid orbital migration, and the coalescence growth near the inner disk edge is enhanced. This allows the inner planets to grow larger. Meanwhile, compared with the inner planets, planets in outer orbits migrate more slowly and do not frequently collide with neighboring planets. Therefore, the trend of increasing mass toward the outer orbit, called reversed mass ranking, is maintained. The final mass distribution approximately agrees with the two features of the mass distribution in the TRAPPIST-1 system.
Conclusions. We discover that the mass distribution in the TRAPPIST-1 system can be reproduced when embryos experience rapid migration and become trapped near the disk inner edge, and then more massive embryos undergo slower migration. This migration transition can be achieved naturally in a disk evolution model with disk winds.
Estimation of the volume of production of turbine vapor of a fuel boiler with stochastic exogenous factors
Authors: Kerimkhulle Seyit , Azieva Gulmira , Saliyeva Ainur , Mukhanova Ayagoz 
Published: January 2022

The paper is based on the analysis and review of the conceptual principles, methodology and practice of modelling water-steam processes of a fuel boiler of power plants; implementation of algorithms and models of the theory of system dynamics, white and pink noise; using computational technologies of difference-scheme equations and numerical integration methods, the values of the input parameters of the production of turbine vapor of the fuel boiler are determined), which, regardless of stochastic exogenous factors, provide stable states of the necessary and model volumes, norms of water intake and output of turbine vapor of the fuel boiler.* Corresponding author: kerimkhulle@gmail.com
Effects of Obesity on the Auditory Function of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Başer Engin , Kendirci Havva Nur Peltek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Childhood and adolescent obesity is associated with insulin resistance, abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, dyslipidemia, inflammation, liver disease, and compromised vascular function.
Objective We aimed to evaluate the effects of obesity on the auditory function and speech audiometry of children and adolescents.
Methods Subjects with a body mass index (BMI) higher than +2 standard deviation (SD) were classified as obese, and subjects with normal BMI SD were classified as the control group. Blood samples were taken for glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles following an 8-hour fasting period, and a hepatobiliary ultrasound was performed. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The audiological evaluation included pure-tone audiometry (PTA), speech reception threshold (SRT), and speech discrimination score (SDS).
Results The study included 100 children (50 girls) with obesity, with a mean age of 11.4 ± 2.9 years and 30 children with normal body weight, with a mean age of 11.9 ± 3.3 years. Of the children with obesity, 55% (n = 55) were found to have hyperlipidemia, 68% (n = 68) insulin resistance, and 21% (n = 21) hepatosteatosis. There were no statistically significant differences between children with obesity and the control group in terms of SDS or PTA, while SRT was found to be higher in children with obesity. There was no difference between obese children with or without hyperlipidemia, between obese children with or without insulin resistance, and between obese children with or without hepatosteatosis, according to hearing tests.
Conclusion The result of the present study indicates that children with obesity are more prone to having auditory problems than the normal population. We recommend more frequent audiological evaluations, including speech audiometry, in children and adolescents with obesity problems
Thermocoagulation Treatment of a Patient with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: Case Report
Authors: Guisolphi Natalia , Bessa Isabela Garcia , Silva Ledismar José da 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a possible cause associated with substance use disorder (SUD), a set of physical, psychological, behavioral, and cognitive phenomena related to the use of one or more chemical substances as a priority in a person's life that compromises quality of life. Since they can share the same neuronal network, this serves as a basis for neurosurgical procedures in cases refractory to conventional therapies. A 31-year-old male patient with a history of OCD and SUD refractory to conventional therapies underwent bilateral ablative stereotactic neurosurgery of the anterior limb of the internal capsule, the subgenual cingulate region, the nucleus accumbens, and the cingulate gyrus. Up to 33 months after the the procedure, the patient showed an absolute improvement in OCD and SUD and reported lack of withdrawal signs or symptoms and/or need to use drugs. In recent years, ablative neurosurgery has proven to be an alternative to OCD refractoriness, with long-term benefits. In the case analyzed, ablative stereotactic neurosurgery was effective in controlling both the signs and symptoms triggered by OCD, as well as those of anxiety and stress.
Onyx Embolization of an Indirect Carotid–Cavernous Fistula with Cortical Venous Reflux: Technical Note
Authors: Abaunza-Camacho Juan Felipe , Vergara-Garcia David , Madrinan-Navia Humberto , Riveros William Mauricio , Caballero Alberto 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Indirect carotid–cavernous fistulas (iCCFs) are shunts between meningeal branches of the internal carotid and/or the external carotid arteries and the cavernous sinus. They account for 83% of all carotid–cavernous fistulas (CCFs). Symptomatic iCCFs and those with increased risk of hemorrhage should be treated. Transvenous endovascular treatment is the preferred treatment modality. However, in complex cases, a combination of transarterial and transvenous approaches (multimodal treatment) is required.
Methods A middle-aged woman presented with signs of increased intraocular pressure, blurry vision, diplopia, left proptosis, chemosis, conjunctival injection, ptosis, and cranial nerve VI palsy. Imaging confirmed the presence of a Barrow type D and Thomas type 4 iCCF with cortical venous reflux (CVR).
Results The patient underwent transarterial and transvenous onyx embolization of the shunt, achieving a complete obliteration of the fistula. No complications occurred and the patient had a satisfactory postprocedural evolution.
Conclusion Multimodal onyx embolization is an effective option for the treatment of a complex symptomatic iCCF. If CVR is identified, these lesions should be promptly treated to prevent hemorrhage secondary to rupture.
Targeted Partial Arthroscopic Trapeziectomy and Temporary K-Wire Distraction for Basal Joint Arthritis in Young Patients: A Retrospective Study of 39 Thumbs
Authors: de Villeneuve Bargemon Jean-Baptiste , Rouveyrol Mathias , Massin Valentin , Jaloux Charlotte , Levadoux M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurpose There is a real need to find less invasive therapeutic options for young patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint. We wanted to assess the effectiveness of targeted partial arthroscopic trapeziectomy with distraction of the trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint with Kirschner wires (K-wires) in 39 thumbs impacted by TM osteoarthritis.Methods We conducted a retrospective study in which preoperative and postoperative data on pinch strength, grip strength, and pain on a visual analogue scale were collected. Subgroup analysis was performed based on two different K-wire distraction techniques. Only patients suffering from primary osteoarthritis and younger than 70 years were included. Second, we compared the frequency of complications relative to the position of the pins.Results We found a significant improvement in pain (p = 0.005) and grip strength (p = 0.0021) as well as an improvement in pinch strength (p = 0.5704). There was reduction in pain for all Badia levels, which was significant for stages 2 (p = 0.002) and 3 (p = 0.032) as well as an overall improvement in grip strength and pinch strength for all Badia levels.Conclusion Partial trapeziectomy with K-wire distraction in young patients suffering from TM osteoarthritis is a simple technique that requires minimal equipment and yields satisfactory outcomes. Conversion to another surgical treatment is still possible if this less invasive technique is unsuccessful.Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
The Reproductive Impact of Eating Disorders in Adolescents
Authors: Curran Kelly A. , Pitt Paulette D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEating disorders are common, chronic illnesses that frequently arise during adolescence. Because of the impact on nutrition, individuals with eating disorders have significant health consequences, including effects on reproductive health. Adolescent women with eating disorders frequently have menstrual irregularities, though the causes of these abnormalities are complex and vary depending on the type of eating disorder. Teens with eating disorders may have changes in current and future fertility, and eating disorders during pregnancy can have medical and psychologic impacts for both mother and child. Though not well researched, eating disorders in men can affect reproductive health and potentially impact fertility. Lastly, eating disorders in adolescents can have significantly deleterious, irreversible effects on bone health.
Interest group access to decision makers at a democracy festival
Authors: Wollebæk Dag , Raknes Ketil 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDemocracy festivals are an emerging phenomenon in Northern European democracies. Currently, such festivals are found in 10 different countries, yet they have received virtually no scholarly attention. This article is a first attempt to subject such festivals to systematic study, by means of a survey of event organizers at one of the largest, most longstanding festivals, Norwegian Arendalsuka. A stated goal of Arendalsuka is to give organizations more equal access to decision makers. We analyze whether this ambition is fulfilled by examining whether the festival redistributes, reinforces, or reproduces patterns of access we observe in the rest of the year. We do so through the lens of two perspectives on interest group representation. Resource exchange theory argues that access to different political arenas is determined by how group resources match the demand of the gatekeepers. The cumulative access perspective argues that superior resources override dynamics of resource exchange. We find weak evidence of resource exchange and stronger evidence for cumulative access. With regard to politicians, the festival might reinforce differences compared to the rest of the year. Thus, even though the democracy festival under study actively tries to reduce bias, the dominance of the financially and professionally strongest actors prevails.
10 GHz generation with ultra-low phase noise via the transfer oscillator technique
Authors: Nardelli N. V. , Fortier T. M. , Pomponio M. , Baumann E. , Nelson C. , Schibli T. R. , Hati A. 
Published: January 2022

Coherent frequency division of high-stability optical sources permits the extraction of microwave signals with ultra-low phase noise, enabling their application to systems with stringent timing precision. To date, the highest performance systems have required tight phase stabilization of laboratory grade optical frequency combs to Fabry–Pérot optical reference cavities for faithful optical-to-microwave frequency division. This requirement limits the technology to highly controlled laboratory environments. Here, we employ a transfer oscillator technique, which employs digital and RF analog electronics to coherently suppress additive optical frequency comb noise. This relaxes the stabilization requirements and allows for the extraction of multiple independent microwave outputs from a single comb, while at the same time, permitting low-noise microwave generation from combs with higher noise profiles. Using this method, we transferred the phase stability of two high-finesse optical sources at 1157 and 1070 nm to two independent 10 GHz signals using a single frequency comb. We demonstrated absolute phase noise below −106 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz from the carrier with corresponding 1 s fractional frequency instability below 2 × 10−15. Finally, the latter phase noise levels were attainable for comb linewidths broadened up to 2 MHz, demonstrating the potential for out-of-lab use with low SWaP lasers.
Ultrafast end-to-end protein structure prediction enables high-throughput exploration of uncharacterized proteins
Authors: Kandathil Shaun M. , Greener Joe G. , Lau Andy M. , Jones David T. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
We present a deep learning-based predictor of protein tertiary structure that uses only a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) as input. To date, most emphasis has been on the accuracy of such deep learning methods, but here we show that accurate structure prediction is also possible in very short timeframes (a few hundred milliseconds). In our method, the backbone coordinates of the target protein are output directly from the neural network, which makes the predictor extremely fast. As a demonstration, we generated over 1.3 million models of uncharacterized proteins in the BFD, a large sequence database including many metagenomic sequences. Our results showcase the utility of ultrafast and accurate tertiary structure prediction in rapidly exploring the “dark space” of proteins.
Sizing up adjectives
Authors: Loos Cornelia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdjectives are often identified via notional or even translational criteria in sign language research, which reflects a lack of formal criteria for identifying this part of speech in the field. This paper presents the results of a guided production task investigating the conservative hypothesis that ASL has a small, closed adjective class consisting only of terms for dimension, age, value, and color. Evidence from the syntactic distribution of these core properties compared to non-core properties will be presented to refute the initial hypothesis and show that ASL has an open adjective class. Its members are characterized by their ability to occur as prenominal modifiers without function-indicating morphosyntax. The semantic distinction between core and peripheral adjectives is nonetheless reflected in a significant preference for core adjectives to be used as modifiers rather than as sentential predicates. Postnominal property signs are analyzed as (in most cases) reduced relative clauses. I further suggest that prototypically verbal signs can be used as prenominal modifiers when they are embedded in reduced relative clauses.
A call for community-informed translation
Authors: Attig Remy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article considers the Spanish and French translations of nonbinary pronouns in Netflix’sOne Day at a Time, a social-justice-oriented sitcom. The article compares the source text with six parallel translations taken from one episode and isolates two main translation strategies. In the first strategy, translators rely on calque translations from English that demonstrate a misunderstanding of the source text. The second strategy shows an active engagement on the part of translators with Hispanic and Francophone Queer communities, replicating authentic Queer language practices. The article goes on to describe the implications of both strategies on reception and outlines several reasons why community-informed translation should be established as a best practice for Queer-oriented texts.
Truly 3D microfluidic heating system with iterative structure of coil heaters and fluidic channels
Authors: Jung Woojun , Lee Seonghyeon , Hwang Yongha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A microfluidic chip, in which both the coil heater and the fluidic channel are designed in a 3D iterative structure, is developed and experimentally demonstrated. Using the empty surrounding 3D space, the microfluidic chip increases the heat transfer area, thereby increasing the fluid temperature by 51.3%, with the same power consumption, compared to heaters and channels typically designed on a 2D plane. After casting polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into a sacrificial mold printed using a 3D printer and dissolving the mold, the 3D coil Joule heater is fabricated by filling the interior part of the coil with liquid gallium by vacuuming. By adding an insulation wall filled with air having low thermal conductivity, an additional heating of 8.7% is achieved; this demonstrates the advantage of the 3D-printed soluble-mold technique, which can allow faster prototyping than the typical microfabrication based on soft lithography. Thus, this technique enables convenient design modifications with high priority for performance improvement. As all the components are manufactured simultaneously within a biocompatible, single PDMS body (because of the absence of bonding process between the devices), the risk of leakage in the device is inherently avoided, and the device can be bent without causing any fracture. Therefore, the reported fabrication process and devices are expected to contribute to miniaturization and performance enhancement of microfluidics; this will lead to the development of wearable 3D lab-on-a-chip devices in future.
Non-Gaussianities in the extended EFT of inflation
Authors: Ashoorioon Amjad , Geshnizjani Ghazal , Kim Hyung J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In earlier works, we studied the validity of Extended Effective Field Theory of Inflation (EEFToI) in the regime where initial conditions are set with dispersion relations ω
2 ∝ k
6. We had also evaluated and examined the power spectrum for some interesting corners of the parameter space. In this paper, we compute the bispectrum in the EEFToI, take a closer look at the strong coupling constraints and calculate the size of the non-Gaussianities in those regions of parameter space. We also investigate the shape of triangles that contribute to the enhancement of non-Gaussianities in this regime. We find that there are allowed parts of parameter spaces where EEFToI description with initial conditions set with ω
2 ∝ k
6 is sensible and interesting.
Dynamic property of phase transition for non-linear charged anti-de Sitter black holes *
Authors: Du Yun-Zhi , Li Huai-Fan , Liu Fang , Zhang Li-Chun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Understanding the thermodynamic phase transition of black holes can provide deep insights into the fundamental properties of black hole gravity and help to establish quantum gravity. In this work, we investigate the phase transition and its dynamics for the charged EPYM AdS black hole. Through reconstructing Maxwell's equal-area law, we find there exists a high-/low-potential black hole (HPBH/LPBL) phase transition, not only the pure large/small black hole phase transition. The Gibbs free energy landscape (

) is treated as a function of the black hole horizon, which is the order parameter of the phase transition due to thermal fluctuation. From the viewpoint of

, the stable HPBH/LPBL states correspond to two wells of

, which have the same depth. The unstable intermediate-potential black hole state corresponds to the local maximum of

. Then we focus on the probability evolution governed by the Fokker–Planck equation. Through solving the Fokker–Planck equation with different reflection/absorption boundary conditions and initial conditions, the dynamics of switching between the coexistent HPBH and LPBL phases is probed within the first passage time. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of the phase transition is also investigated.
A Study on White Dwarf Masses in Cataclysmic Variables Based on XMM-Newton and Suzaku Observations
Authors: Yu Zhuo-Li , Xu Xiao-Jie , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The distribution of the mass of white dwarfs (WDs) is one of the fundamental questions in the field of cataclysmic variables (CVs). In this work, we make a systematical investigation on the WD masses in two subclass of CVs: intermediate polars (IPs) and non-magnetic CVs in the solar vicinity based on the flux ratios of Fe xxvi–Lyα to Fe xxv–Heα emission lines (I
7.0/I
6.7) from archival XMM-Newton and Suzaku observations. We first verify the (semi-empirical) relations between I
7.0/I
6.7, the maximum emission temperature (T
max) and the WD mass (M
WD) with the mkcflow model based on the apec description and the latest AtomDB. We then introduce a new spectral model to measure M
WD directly based on the above relations. A comparison shows that the derived M
WD is consistent with dynamically measured ones. Finally, we obtain the average WD masses of 58 CVs (including 36 IPs and 22 non-magnetic CVs), which is the largest X-ray selected sample. The average WD masses are 〈M
WD,IP〉 = 0.81 ± 0.21 M
⊙ and

〈

M

WD
,
DN

〉
=
0.81
±
0.21

M

⊙

for IPs and non-magnetic CVs, respectively. These results are consistent with previous works.
Monte Carlo Simulations of a Non-Invasive Positron Detector to Measure the Arterial Input Function for Dynamic PET
Authors: Carroll Liam , Enger Shirin A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work presents Monte Carlo (MC) study of a novel non-invasive positron detector, hereinafter called NID, designed to measure the arterial input function (AIF) through the wrist of a patient for use with dynamic positron emission tomography (PET). The goal of the study was to optimize a previously developed NID prototype, to determine its efficiency and ability to distinguish between the arterial and venous portions of the signal escaping a wrist phantom. A user code based on the Geant4 MC toolkit was developed to model the NID and a wrist phantom. The scintillator based detectors were modelled as 64 polystyrene cylinders, 0.97 mm in diameter, 10 cm long and capped with cylindrical photomultiplier tubes. The scintillator fibers were arranged in a single band around a 64.13 mm polyethylene cylinder representing a model of the wrist. Two cylinders, 2.30 mm in diameter were placed 6 mm apart, 2 mm below the surface of the wrist phantom representing the radial artery and vein. Two simulations were performed by placing 100 million decay events of oxygen-15 (15O) or fluorine-18 (18F), randomly distributed between the artery and vein. Visible wavelength photon tracking was enabled, and Photomultiplier tubes were simulated to collect the visible photons. Deposited energy per event and location of energy deposition were calculated. A python algorithm was used to analyse the results. The arterial signal produced a 5.28 mm and 10.32 mm FWHM for 15O and 18F respectively. The algorithm could determine the correct location of interaction 98% of the time. The NID can resolve the arterial and venous signal and is thus suitable for determining the AIF for dynamic PET.