bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation, home mediators and children’s sugary drink consumption - results from DAGIS study
Authors: Lehto R , Vepsäläinen H , Lehtimäki A-V , Lehto E , Leppänen MH , Skaffari E , Abdollahi A , Roos E , Erkkola M , Ray C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background and objectives
The effectiveness of a health behavior intervention can depend on the extent to which the intervention is implemented; higher degree of implementation (DOI) might associate with larger intervention effects. This study examined whether the parental DOI of an health behavior intervention had an effect on children's consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and was the effect mediated by home factors.

Methods
the DAGIS preschool intervention was conducted in 2017-2018 in Finland among 3-6-year-olds with valid data from 476 children. At baseline and follow-up parents reported 1) children's SSB consumption in a semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire, 2) availability of SSB at home, parental role modelling of drinking SSB, and norm (parental view on the suitable amount of SSB for children), and 3) DOI: a dichotomized sum variable on several aspects of parental program implementation. In the analyses, high and low DOI were compared to control group. Mediation analysis of the effect of DOI on the change in children's SSB consumption via change in availability, role modelling and norm was conducted with R statistical software.

Results
High DOI was associated with reduced consumption of SSB (B -27.71, 95% CI -49.05, -4.80). No mediated effects were found. All studied mediators impacted the change in SSB consumption, but the DOI had no effect on the change in mediators.

Conclusions
Intervention effect on the consumption of SSB was only found in the high DOI group, which supports the importance of assessing intervention implementation. Since the found effect was not mediated by the studied mediators, other possible mediators should be examined, as understanding intervention mediators is crucial in developing successful interventions.

Key messages
Health sciences students’ Covid-19 digital health literacy – information reliability evaluation
Authors: Leventi N , Vodenicharova A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
In the Shanghai Declaration on promoting health in the 2030 Agenda of the UNs for Sustainable Development highlighted the importance of health literacy (HL) to empower individual citizens and enable their engagement in collective health promotion action. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the COVID-19 digital HL and the information-seeking behavior among students in Medical University - Sofia.

Methods
For the purpose of the study a web-based questionnaire was distributed among medical students from the Faculty of Medicine, and health sciences students from the Faculty of Public Health and the Medical College-Sofia, all from Medical University - Sofia in Bulgaria. The study was conducted between February and April 2022. In total 239 respondents participated, all anonymously and voluntarily. In data analysis established statistical methods were used.

Results
Data collected show that when students searched the Internet for information on the coronavirus or related topics, nearly two thirds (66%) of the respondents could either easy or very easy decide whether the information is reliable or not, and (81%) could easy or very easy decide whether the information is written with commercial interests. In addition among the respondents 82% find easy or very easy to check different websites to see whether they provide the same information.

Conclusions
From the presented analysis the following conclusion can be made: when navigate the social media platforms and forums, it is significant for health sciences students to obtain the appropriate searching skills, in order to be confident to identify the validity of the information and make informed decisions, as well as decide whether commercial interests are in focus of the provided information. Furthermore it is important to emphasize that searching competencies help to cross check the provided information.

Key messages
The vulnerability of migrants living in large urban areas to COVID-19: Exacerbators and mitigators
Authors: Hitch L , Cravero K , Masoud D , Moujabber M , Hobbs LA 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Even though large urban areas have been researched in the context of COVID-19, evidence on how COVID-19 impacted migrants -a particularly vulnerable group- in these settings is still limited.
Objective: To explore exacerbating and mitigating factors of large urban areas on migrants’ vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2020-2022 and focused on migrants (foreign-born individuals who have not been naturalized in the host country, regardless of immigration status) in urban areas with a population &gt;500.000. After screening 880 studies, 29 studies were included and categorized within the following thematic framework: 1) Underlying structural inequities, 2) governance and economic structure, 3) urban design, and 4) engagement of civil society organizations (CSO).

Results
Exacerbating factors include pre-existing inequities (e.g., unemployment, financial precarity, and barriers to healthcare access), exclusionary government responses (e.g., relief funds or unemployment benefits), and residential segregation. Mitigating factors include the engagement of CSOs and the implementation of innovative governance strategies such as e-governance and use of teleservices. Recommendations: We recommend increased attention to pre-existing social inequities faced by migrants, inclusive governance strategies, and partnerships between government and CSOs to improve the design and delivery of services to migrants in large urban areas. More research is needed on how urban design can be utilized to mitigate the COVID-19 impacts on migrant communities.

Conclusions
The factors identified in this systematic review should be considered as part of migrant-inclusive emergency preparedness to address the disproportionate impact of similar public health crises on migrant communities.

Key messages
Assessment of mental health and psychosocial support in Ukrainian refugee minors resettled in Norway
Authors: Dangmann C , Leonhard M , Kleppang AL , Lien L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The recent invasion of Ukraine has forced millions of civilians, especially women and children, to leave their country. Although the European Union offers guidance on individual health assessment of refugees fleeing the war in Ukraine, assessment practice varies across host countries and even on national basis. Thus, the aim of this project was to identify and prioritize procedures for mental health assessment of Ukrainian refugee minors in Norway.

Methods
This project applied a modified three-round-Delphi method. In a first step, the leading public health nurse and community physician in 40 municipalities across Norway were contacted via e-mail and asked to state who is in charge of health assessment, what is current assessing practice and what are the problems and needs. Answers were analysed and condensed and will be presented for rating in a second and third round.

Results
Preliminary results from the first round suggest that most municipalities are currently in a planning phase with uncertainties surrounding who and how future assessments will be done. Public health nurses or general practitioners are often in charge of health assessments, but it is unclear if this includes age-adjusted mental health assessments.

Conclusions
Preliminary results show that current practice in assessing mental health and psychosocial support for Ukranian refugee minors in Norway is very diverse. There is a need to evaluate and prioritize current procedures to assure an equal and age-adjusted procedures for all refugee minors, regardless of where they have resettled.

Key messages
The use of social media platforms by migrant populations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hargreaves S , Goldsmith LP , Rowland-Pomp M , Hanson K , Deal A , Crawshaw AF , Ahmad A , Razai M , Vandrevala T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The rapid expansion of internet and social media use has meant that both useful and potentially harmful health information can spread rapidly. Groups experiencing barriers to health systems may be more reliant on social media as a source of health information. We did a systematic review to determine the extent and nature of social media use in migrant and ethnic minority communities for COVID-19 information, and implications for preventative health measures including vaccination intent and uptake.

Methods
We reviewed published and grey literature following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registered CRD42021259190). Global research was included that reported on the use of social media by migrants and/or ethnic minority groups in relation to COVID-19.

Results
1849 unique records were screened, and 21 data sources included in our analysis involving studies from the UK, US, China, Jordan, Qatar, and Turkey. We found evidence of consistent use of a range of social media platforms for COVID-19 information in some migrant and ethnic minority populations (including WeChat, Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube), which may stem from difficulty in accessing COVID-19 information in their native languages or from trusted sources. There were positive and negative associations with social media use reported, with some evidence suggesting circulating misinformation and social media use may be associated with lower participation in preventative health measures, including vaccine intent and uptake, findings of which are likely relevant to multiple population groups.

Conclusions
Urgent actions and further research are now needed to better understand the use of social media platforms for accessing health information by groups who may be marginalised from health systems, effective approaches to tackling circulating misinformation, and to seize on opportunities to make better use of social media platforms to support public health communication.

Key messages
Care obligations, employment and mental health
Authors: Rose U , Burr H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The presentation is dedicated to employees who care for others in addition to their work. The starting point is the representative cohort study on mental health at work (S-MGA), which covered both care at home and care outside the home in the second wave of the survey. In this regard, cross sectional associations with exhaustion and work-life balance as indicators of mental health were examined taking into account full-time and part-time employment.

Methods
The sampling frame consisted of all German employees being subject to social security contributions and born between 1951 and 1980. The baseline sample consisted of 4511 survey participants of whom 1279 males and 1358 females were asked for informal care at the follow-up interview. Employment conditions as well as work-life balance were obtained by personal interview; exhaustion was obtained in a paper and pencil questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted descriptively and in linear and logistic regressions stratified by gender and controlled for age.

Results
Informal care at home was reported by n = 74 individuals (2.8%) and care outside of their home by n = 236 (8.9%). The association between both types of care with exhaustion was below the level for significance. There was an increase of work-life-imbalance for females caring at home but not for those who were caring outside. For males there were no effects of both types of care. Including the part-time/full-time distinction indicator within the regression models showed that women who cared at home had lower exhaustion scores and lower work-life imbalance when they were employed part-time.

Conclusions
The results show that caring at home for females leads to work-life imbalance and that part-time employment mitigates the negative effects on work-life imbalance and exhaustion. However, there are strong limitations by the sample size and the number of observations at the second wave of assessment.

Key messages
Major economic burden of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases in Slovenia
Authors: Jelenc M , Sedlak S , Simonović S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases represent a growing public health problem, a great burden on health systems and place a heavy burden on society as a whole. Patients with musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases often retire early, and any early retirement that could be prevented represents a loss of human capital, which means great social and economic damage to society. The present study was conducted in order to calculate for the first time in Slovenia the costs of the six most common diseases of the musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases for the period from 2016-2018.

Methods
The calculated burden of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases was based on the calculation of various direct and indirect costs cross-sectionally at the level of one year. The methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA) was used for the calculation of indirect costs. Six major diagnoses based on the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems for statistical purposes were selected for calculation. Data were obtained from different national routine databases.

Results
Calculations of the economic burden of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases in Slovenia showed that the economic costs of six selected diagnoses in the period 2016-2018 averaged about 5% of total health expenditure or 0.4% of gross domestic product in this period. The highest direct costs were hospitalizations, followed by costs for medicines, first curative visits at the primary level and visits to the outpatient clinic at the secondary level.

Conclusions
The results of the first calculation of the burden of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases in Slovenia showed a high economic burden of these diseases in the period from 2016 to 2018. The economic burden is underestimated and would be significantly higher considering all diagnoses from this group of diseases.

Key messages
Normalisation of mental health problems: Adolescents’ views on mental health problems and stigma
Authors: Hermann V , Durbeej N , Karlsson A-C , Sarkadi A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
It is essential to listen to adolescents’ views on mental health issues since these problems are common among young people. Exposure to stigmatization is an additional burden, causing increased suffering. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore adolescents’ views on the prevalence of mental health problems and public stigma related to mental health problems.

Methods
Semi-structured individual interviews and focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 32 adolescents, aged 15-18 years. The interviews were held on Gotland, Sweden's largest island, between October and December 2020. Systematic text condensation was used to analyse the data.

Results
Three themes were identified: Having mental health problems is the new normal; What others think of us affects us a lot; If others lack experience and knowledge, they don't respond in a good way. The adolescents perceived mental health problems as a common phenomenon. Increased mental health problems in young people were linked to pressure related to school performance, social media and improved openness about mental health problems. Stereotypic gender norms, rumours and prejudice were perceived as important causal risk factors of mental health problems. Lack of knowledge was suggested as a source of prejudice against people suffering from mental health problems.

Conclusions
The adolescents recognised mental health problems as an increasing public health issue, but also as a normal phenomenon due to current living conditions for young people.. They perceived stereotypic gender norms, taboo and prejudice against mental health problems as factors contributing to and increasing mental health problems and wished for a society without such factors. The results suggest that the tri-folded description of stigma involving stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination can be applicable to adolescents.

Key messages
Exploring ethical issues arising from a problem-solving intervention in the Swedish Primary Care
Authors: Karlsson I , Sandman L , Axén I , Bergström G , Kwak L , Sernbo E , Brämberg E Björk 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Common mental disorders count for a large percentage of sick leave cases in Europe and in Sweden. Problem-solving with workplace involvement have shown promising results in reducing the number of sick leave days for employees on sick leave for these conditions. Engaging the workplace by for example including the first-line manager in the return-to-work process changes the usual role of the primary care. Hence, this study aims to explore ethical issues that potentially arise when introducing workplace involvement as part of a problem-solving intervention.

Methods
A qualitative study in the Swedish Primary Care using data from semi-structured interviews with rehabilitation coordinators (n = 6), employees on sick leave for common mental disorders (n = 13), and their first-line managers (n = 8). A theoretical framework for systematic identification of ethical aspects of healthcare technologies was used to guide the interviews and reporting of results. Content analysis was used to code the data, searching for latent content. Ethical issues related to the ethical values privacy, identity, autonomy, professional values, third party, equality and justice were identified and described. The analysis was concluded by a normative discussion.

Results
Ethical issues were identified such as difficulties for the employees to control personal information. A need to create an integrated role of a patient and an employee and for coordinators to act neutral instead of as a patient advocate. Managers needed to balance the needs of the organization with the needs of the employee. A pre-requisite for participation was agreeing to manager involvement which may affect the equality of the intervention.

Conclusions
A conversation about sharing of information, roles, responsibilities and expectations during the rehabilitation should be initiated early and be continuous. Managers need support in learning the “how to” when having an employee on sick leave due to a common mental disorder.

Key messages
Effect, economic and process evaluation of a mental health return to work intervention: study design
Authors: Starke F , de Rijk A , Wegewitz U 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
In Germany, the sickness absence duration for mental disorders lasts on average more than twice as long as for all other diseases. Interventions that link medical-therapeutic approaches with organisation-directed methods to improve a sustainable return to work (RTW) have hardly been evaluated. The aim is to present the study design, which evaluates the (cost-)effectiveness and feasibility of an 18-month intensified RTW aftercare delivered by German psychiatric outpatient clinics to employees with mental disorders.

Methods
A two-arm multicentre randomised controlled study is carried out. Sick-listed employees with mental disorders are recruited within psychiatric hospitals (n = 506). Besides care as usual, the intervention group receives a multimodal treatment consisting of individual RTW-support, RTW-aftercare groups, and web-based aftercare. At five time points over a 24-month observation period, quantitative effectiveness and health economic evaluation data from a societal perspective will be obtained. Intervention fidelity, reach, context, satisfaction and dose delivered will be examined in a multi-method process evaluation. A qualitative evaluation using pre-and post-interviews from a sub-sample (n = 30) will complement the effectiveness and process evaluation findings.

Results
Recruitment is currently ongoing. The intervention is expected to improve the employeés achievement of a sustainable RTW, defined as the 12-month remain and participation at work without having sickness absence periods of &gt; 6 weeks (after RTW). It is hypothesized that the intervention is preferable in terms of costs compared to care as usual. The interviews allow for a better understanding of subjective experiences with the intervention.

Discussion
This study evaluates the (cost-)effectiveness and implementation process of an intensified RTW aftercare. If successfully implemented and evaluated, it might be adopted as standard care for employees with mental disorders in Germany.

Key messages
Co-locating public mental health services in communities: a realist evaluation
Authors: Baskin C , Duncan F , Oliver E , Samuel G , Adams A , Gnani S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Public mental health (PMH) services address social determinants of mental health, such as poverty, poor housing, and job insecurity. Austerity and welfare reform in the UK has led to cuts to social and welfare support, increasing poor mental health and widening inequalities, exacerbated by COVID-19. State health services lack capacity to tackle social issues that contribute to a large proportion of expressed mental health need. Co-locating PMH services within community spaces is a potential solution to increase early access and improve quality of services. Using a realist evaluation, we sought to develop the theory on how community co-location affects PMH outcomes, who this works best for, and how this is impacted by the context of delivery.

Methods
We collected data from service-users and service-providers at six case study sites across England, UK, using interviews (n = 62), four focus groups (n = 40) and two stakeholder workshops (n = 19).

Results
We identified four overarching theories. First, community providers do not operate under the same limits as state services allowing them the flexibility and time to build trust and ongoing relationships with service users. Second, the ethos and culture of services is to empower users to access help and be independent. Third, accessing support from a shared local space allows a coordinated and holistic response reducing barriers such as distance, cost, and anxiety. Four, as they are recreational services and spaces for access by all with no predefined/required level of need they are better at promoting wellbeing and primary prevention.

Conclusions
Community co-location of PMH services can strengthen the overall mental health system by widening reach to people vulnerable to poor mental health and enabling earlier intervention on associated social determinants. This has potential to reduce mental health inequalities and demand on the state health system.

Key messages