bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chewing lice of passerine birds in reed beds in Slovakia, with a special focus onPanurus biarmicus
Authors: Sychra Oldrich , Ošlejšková Lucie , Skoupá Žaneta , Najer Tomáš , Literák Ivan , Papoušek Ivo , Trnka Alfred , Capek Miroslav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA total of 1185 passerine birds representing five species were examined for chewing lice in reed beds in southwestern Slovakia in spring (April) 2008, 2009 and 2016. Additional collecting focused only on chewing lice fromPanurus biarmicus(Linnaeus, 1758) (Passeriformes: Panuridae) was carried out in spring (April), summer (July) and autumn (October) 2019. A total of 283 (24%) birds were parasitized by 10 species of chewing lice of four genera:Penenirmus,Menacanthus,Philopterus, andBrueelia. Most birds showed only very light (1–10 lice/host; 74%) to light infestations (11–20 lice/host; 16%). The authors found significantly higher prevalences and mean abundances of chewing lice on residents/short‐distance migrants, that is,P. biarmicus,Acrocephalus melanopogon(Temminck, 1823) (Passeriformes: Acrocephalidae), than on long‐distance migratory birds, that is,Acrocephalus scirpaceus(Hermann, 1804),Acrocephalus schoenobaenus(Linnaeus, 1758) (Passeriformes: Acrocephalidae),Locustella luscinioides(Savi, 1824) (Passeriformes: Locustellidae). No significant difference was found in the total mean intensity of chewing lice between these two groups of birds. Ischnoceran lice were more prevalent and abundant than amblyceran lice on residents and short‐distance migrants, whereas the opposite was found on bird species that migrate long distances. A total of 146 (58%,n = 251)P. biarmicuswere parasitized by 1490 chewing lice. Males ofP. biarmicusshowed higher prevalence and mean abundance than females with gradually descending values of prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity from spring to autumn. The knowledge of the occurrence and population dynamics of lice on wild passerine birds can be useful in endangered species conservation programs and can also be applied to captive passerine birds, which may be analogous to resident birds in this sense.
Somatization is associated with altered serum levels of vitamin D, serotonin, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in patients with predominant diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Linsalata Michele , Prospero Laura , Riezzo Giuseppe , Orlando Antonella , D'Attoma Benedetta , Ignazzi Antonia , Russo Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often show psychological disorders, including somatization, usually driven by an altered gut–brain axis. These changes are also accompanied by modifications in the circulating levels of vitamin D (VD) and neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5‐HT) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and circulating levels of VD, 5‐HT, and BDNF in IBS patients with diarrhea (IBS‐D) categorized according to somatization.MethodsFifty‐three IBS‐D patients were recruited and profiled for GI symptoms by validated questionnaires. The fasting serum concentrations of VD, 5‐HT, and BDNF were assessed. The health of the intestinal barrier, minimal inflammation, and dysbiosis was also evaluated.Key ResultsThirty patients showed high somatization scores, IBS‐D(S+), and 23 low somatization scores, IBS‐D(S‐). IBS‐D(S+) patients reported higher “Abdominal pain” and the “Abdominal pain duration in days” scores, lower serum VD levels and increased 5‐HT and BDNF concentrations than IBS‐D(S‐). Besides, in IBS‐D(S+) patients, the GI symptoms correlated with 5HT, BDNF, and VD concentrations. These parameters were associated with impaired small intestinal permeability and increased inflammation markers.Conclusions and InferencesThese data support the multifactorial IBS pathogenesis in which organic and psychological factors interact. An active role by VD, 5‐HT, and BDNF in affecting the clinical and biochemical profiles in IBS‐D(S+) patients may be conceivable. Therefore, the routine VD estimation and the assay of circulating levels of 5‐HT and BDNF could be considered a new approach for managing these patients.
THE LION ORTHOSTATS FROM HAZOR: AN ADDENDUM TO THE PAPER OF SHLOMIT BECHAR
Authors: Ussishkin David 
Published: December 2022

SummaryIn a paper recently published in this journal, Shlomit Bechar (2021) analyzed the appearance and use of basalt orthostats in Canaanite and Israelite Hazor. The present paper is an addendum to Bechar's paper, elaborating the subject of the basalt lion orthostats found at Hazor. These lion orthostats formed an inseparable component of the ‘orthostats architecture’ characteristic of several monumental buildings in the Canaanite city. The paper discusses their original position, date, style, function, and fate following the destruction of the city.
Associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and fitness with muscle glucose uptake in adults with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Garthwaite Taru , Sjöros Tanja , Laine Saara , Koivumäki Mikko , Vähä‐Ypyä Henri , Eskola Olli , Rajander Johan , Kallio Petri , Saarenhovi Maria , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Sievänen Harri , Houttu Noora , Laitinen Kirsi , Kalliokoski Kari , Vasankari Tommi , Knuuti Juhani , Heinonen Ilkka 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate the associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness with skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU).MethodsSedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometers and VO2max with cycle ergometry in 44 sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. Thigh muscle GU was determined with [18F]FDG‐PET imaging.ResultsSedentary time (β = −0.374), standing (β = 0.376), steps (β = 0.351), and VO2max (β = 0.598) were associated with muscle GU when adjusted for sex, age, and accelerometer wear time. Adjustment for body fat‐% turned all associations non‐significant.ConclusionBody composition is a more important determinant of muscle GU in this population than sedentary time, physical activity, or fitness.
Crowd work in STEM‐related fields: A window of opportunity from a gender perspective?
Authors: Petroff Alisa , Fierro Jaime 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAfter the Global Financial Crisis (2008) many people found new job opportunities on crowd platforms. The COVID‐19 crisis reinforced this trend and virtual work is expected to increase. Although the working conditions of individuals engaged on these platforms is an emerging topic, of research, the existing literature tends to overlook the gendered dimension of the gig economy. Following a quantitative approach, based on the statistical analysis of 444 profiles (platform Freelancer.com in Spain and Argentina), we examine the extent to which the gig economy reproduces gender inequalities such as the underrepresentation of women in STEM‐related tasks and the gender pay gap. While the findings reveal lower participation of women than men, this gap is not higher in Argentina than in Spain. Moreover, gender variations in hourly wages are not as marked as expected, and such differences disappear once STEM skill levels are controlled for. Asymmetry in individuals' STEM skill level provides a better explanation than gender of the hourly wage differences. This finding opens a window of opportunity to mitigate the classical gender discrimination that women face in technological fields in traditional labor markets. Finally, the paper identifies some issues concerning the methodological bias entailed by the use of an application programming interface in cyber‐research, when analyzing gender inequalities.
Delivering on the European Pillar of Social Rights: Towards a needs‐based distribution of the European social funds?
Authors: Hermans Karen , Greiss Johanna , Delanghe Heleen , Cantillon Bea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThrough the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD), the European Union (EU) acts as a ‘material supporter’ of national welfare states. Remarkably, the European Social Fund Plus, integrating ESF and FEAD, is presented as the main financial instrument to implement the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR). This raises the question of what these levers can do in terms of financial support, especially for Member States with greater social needs. By using the Social Scoreboard indicators that monitor the implementation of the EPSR, we analyse the size and distribution of ESF and FEAD according to Member States' economic capacity, social needs and efforts required to meet the European social goals. We find that the funds benefit relatively more the poorer Member States who also tend to have greater social needs. However, especially for ESF, there are significant deviations from this general pattern. Some countries consistently receive less funding than others with similar levels of social needs, and vice versa. Moreover, if, from the perspective of upward convergence, the budgets are expressed as a percentage of the efforts required to lift all income‐poor citizens to the EU‐wide at‐risk‐of‐poverty threshold, countries who need to make the greatest efforts receive less funding. These outcomes are partly driven by the funds' allocation rules, which give only little importance to the great social discrepancies between countries. This raises the question whether social needs should be taken more into account in the distribution of the funds.
A Danish national, multicentre evaluation of the new donor vigilance system among different staff groups
Authors: Mikkelsen Christina , Paarup Helene Martina , Bruun Mie Topholm , Pedersen Louise Ørnskov , Hasslund Sys , Larsen Rune , Aagaard Bitten , Sørensen Betina Samuelsen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTwo years after implementing a new national donor vigilance system, the Danish Haemovigilance Committee conducted a nationwide survey to evaluate the implementation among different staff groups. We present the results here.Materials and MethodsThe study was designed as an anonymous online survey to evaluate the satisfaction with the new registration, understanding of the parameters used and the user‐friendliness. The REDCap platform was used. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions. Ordinal variables were answered using five‐point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Successful implementation was defined as mean overall satisfaction ≥4 and mean understanding of the individual components (adverse reaction category, severity and imputability) in the registration ≥4.ResultsIn all, 104 staff members (77.9% donation staff) participated. The mean (SD) overall satisfaction among all participants was 3.96 (0.94), highest among medical doctors (4.43 (0.78)) and lowest for administrative or other personnel (2.78 (1.09)). The mean scores for understanding the adverse reaction categories, severity and imputability were 3.92 (0.94), 3.92 (0.94) and 3.88 (1.00), respectively. Experience with a previous donor vigilance system was associated with lower scores. The most successful implementation programme included a medical doctor for introduction and a contact person.ConclusionThe goal for successful implementation was not met. However, the overall attitude towards the new registration was positive and indicates that the system is suitable for different staff groups. Our results suggest that implementation could benefit from special attention to administrative staff and those accustomed to another donor vigilance system.
Backscattering Characteristics of Optical and Electromagnetic Waves in Joint Sensing of Cirrus Clouds by a Polarizing Lidar (0.355 µm) and a 94-GHz Radar
Authors: Shishko V. A. , Timofeev D. N. , Konoshonkin A. V. , Kustova N. V. , Kan N. , Tkachev I. V. , Masuda K. , Ishimoto H. , Okamoto H. , Borovoi A. G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, the problem of radiation scattering by ice crystals typical for cirrus clouds is solved for a 94-GHz radar (wavelength 3189 µm) and a lidar (wavelength 0.355 µm); the ice refractive indices are 1.7864 + 0.0032i and 1.3249 + 0i, respectively. The scattering matrices are calculated within the physical optics approximation and the discrete dipole approximation for the case of randomly oriented particles with sizes from 4 to 1000 µm. The ratio of the radar and lidar backscattering signals in the backward direction (the so-called radar–lidar ratio) is calculated for a wide range of the particle size for typical shapes of cirrus cloud ice crystals. It is shown that this ratio can be used for estimating the size of ice crystals in cirrus clouds.
Remaining popular: power-law regularities in network dynamics
Authors: Somin Shahar , Altshuler Yaniv , Pentland Alex ‘Sandy’ , Shmueli Erez 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe structure of networks has been a focal research topic over the past few decades. These research efforts have enabled the discovery of numerous structural patterns and regularities, bringing forth advancements in many fields. In particular, the ubiquitous power-law patterns evident in degree distributions, graph eigenvalues and human mobility patterns have provided the opportunity to model many different complex systems. However, regularities in the dynamical patterns of networks remain a considerably less explored terrain. In this study we examine the dynamics of networks, focusing on stability characteristics of node popularity, and present our results using various empirical datasets. Specifically, we address several intriguing questions – for how long are popular nodes expected to remain so? How much time is expected to pass between two consecutive popularity periods? What characterizes nodes which manage to maintain their popularity for long periods of time? Surprisingly, we find that such temporal aspects are governed by a power-law regime, and that these power-law regularities are equally likely across all node ages.
On the exterior Dirichlet problem for Hessian-type fully nonlinear elliptic equations
Authors: Li Xiaoliang , Wang Cong 
Published: December 2022

We treat the exterior Dirichlet problem for a class of fully nonlinear elliptic equations of the form [Formula: see text] with prescribed asymptotic behavior at infinity. The equations of this type had been studied extensively by Caffarelli et al. [The Dirichlet problem for nonlinear second-order elliptic equations. III. Functions of the eigenvalues of the Hessian, Acta Math. 155 (1985) 261–301], Trudinger [On the Dirichlet problem for Hessian equations, Acta Math. 175 (1995) 151–164] and many others, and there had been significant discussions on the solvability of the classical Dirichlet problem via the continuity method, under the assumption that [Formula: see text] is a concave function. In this paper, based on Perron’s method, we establish an exterior existence and uniqueness result for viscosity solutions of the equations, by assuming [Formula: see text] to satisfy certain structure conditions as in [L. Caffarelli, L. Nirenberg and J. Spruck, The Dirichlet problem for nonlinear second-order elliptic equations. III. Functions of the eigenvalues of the Hessian, Acta Math. 155 (1985) 261–301; N. S. Trudinger, On the Dirichlet problem for Hessian equations, Acta Math. 175 (1995) 151–164] but without requiring the concavity of [Formula: see text]. The equations in our setting may embrace the well-known Monge–Ampère equations, Hessian equations and Hessian quotient equations as special cases.
Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Kim Ga-Young , Kim HyangHee , Kim Hee Jin , Seo Sang Won , Na Duk L. , Nam Chung Mo , Ye Byoung Seok , Moon Il Joon 
Published: December 2022

Background. This study was conducted to comprehensively examine the central auditory processing (CAP) abilities of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) as well as to compare the results with cognitively normal elderly controls. Methods. A total of 78 participants were screened through pure-tone audiometry and word recognition score in order to exclude peripheral auditory dysfunction. Forty-five people passed screening tests, and 33 people failed. Finally, 25 aMCI (mean age =

71.52
±
4.8

; male : female = 24 : 76) and 20 controls (mean age =

73.45
±
4.32

; male : female = 45 : 55) were enrolled in the study. Seven CAP tests (frequency pattern test, duration pattern test, Gap-In-Noise© test, dichotic digits test, low-pass filtered word test, speech perception in noise test, and binaural fusion test) were conducted only after the two groups passed the screening. A linear mixed model was applied to analyze CAP tests except for the binaural fusion test. For the binaural fusion test, the independent t-test was used to compare the means of test score between two groups. Results. The aMCI group had a decrease in the mean score of the frequency pattern test, duration pattern test, Gaps-In-Noise© test, dichotic digits test, and speech perception in noise test compared with the control group. Conclusion. The aMCI group’s CAP abilities were significantly lower than those of the control group. Thus, if the cognitive assessment and hearing evaluation are conducted in combination, the sensitivity of the diagnostic process for aMCI will be increased.
Imagens degradantes, conflitos constantes: os estereótipos travestis do Jornal da Paraíba (1990)
Authors: Silva Kaline Leandra Barbosa da , Cordão Michelly Pereira de Sousa 
Published: December 2022

Imagens degradantes, conflitos constantes: prostitutas, criminosas e aidéticas. Imagens reduzidas ao empirismo de uma imprensa pautada na construção de verdades cristalizadas sobre o modelo ideal de família, moral e sexualidade. Assim se mostrou o Jornal da Paraíba impresso durante a década de 1990, quando tratou a questão travesti. O jornal paraibano anuncia e denuncia uma espécie de profanação à ordem social, que seria praticada pelas travestis por meio de conduta desviante, relacionando-as aos lugares de erotização, violência e perigo. Com base na historiografia e nas fontes averiguadas, o artigo problematiza os estereótipos de ser travesti traçados pelo jornal enquanto dispositivo de poder durante os anos 1990. Empregando a metodologia da análise do discurso, recorreu-se em muitos momentos à utilização do grifo como forma de evidenciar os jogos discursivos traçados pelo jornal. Para um maior aprofundamento nas discussões propostas, a pesquisa se apoiou nos subsídios teóricos desenvolvidos por Foucault, Certeau, Butler, entre outros.
Latour on Politics: Political Turn in Epistemology or Ontological Turn in Politics?
Authors: Sanz Merino Noemí 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAccording to some authors, Latour’s attention to politics during the last decades is the result of his proposing a different approach to politics that entails, with respect to his overall project, one of two situations. Either his epistemological proposal has suffered a “normative turn”—which necessarily breaks with the previous assumptions of Actor-Network Theory (ANT); or, if ANT’s view on technosciences remains valid, his political proposal becomes not possible as a new normative approach. In this paper, I will focus on the critique voiced by John Law, as well as Graham Harman. I will argue that this is a false dilemma because there has not been a change in Latour’s conceptual basis, nor a lack of coherence within his thought that would undermine the democratic commitment of his Political Epistemology. I will justify this by exposing the fact that Latour’s overall project, as part of Science Studies, has not lately followed a “political” but an “ontological” turn, which has been underling his works since the very beginning of ANT.
Constitutional Ecology of Practices. Bringing Law, Robots and Epigrams into Latourian Cosmopolitics
Authors: van Dijk Niels 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores the role of constitutional thought in Latour’s work on cosmopolitics. It will study his non-modern proposal in the Politics of Nature (2004) and argue for a constitutional rather than political understanding. To address criticisms of being too metaphysical or unpractical, we will work out the notion of a “constitutional ecology of practices” to highlight how different practices such as politics, science, organization, but also law, all contribute to the design of the stage and processes for composing a common world. Special focus will here be placed on the role of “epigrams”: practical models for ordering contributions of different practices or modes in hierarchical relationships. This renders them identifiable, mobilizable, and contestable as cross-cutting models for shaping mutual relations in concrete collaborative settings. The case of the legal regulation of robots will be presented as an example of a cosmopolitical attempt to introduce non-human entities in the common collective. We will here observe the role that epigrams play in framing, ordering and contesting the epistemic contributions of the various practices involved in this innovation ecology. This case will be used to discuss Latour’s proposals and to study non-modern constitutionalism in action.
Autistic and non-autistic young people’s and caregivers’ perspectives on COVID-19-related schooling changes and their impact on emotional well-being: An opportunity for change?
Authors: Ozsivadjian Ann , Milner Victoria , Pickard Hannah , Hollocks Matthew J , Gaigg Sebastian B , Colvert Emma , Happé Francesca , Magiati Iliana 
Published: December 2022

Autistic children and young people experience poorer mental health and well-being compared to their non-autistic peers. Navigating the complex social, academic, procedural and sensory aspects of school may be particularly challenging for autistic young people and contribute to poorer mental well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented school changes and provided a unique opportunity to gather caregiver’s and young people’s perspectives on the impact of school and pandemic-related school changes on the well-being of both autistic and non-autistic young people. Open-text online survey data from 71 caregivers (of n = 45 autistic young people) and 30 young people aged 11–18 years ( n = 18 autistic) gathered across three timepoints between May and December 2020 during the pandemic revealed both benefits and challenges associated with school changes. Insights into possible lessons from the pandemic and recommendations for more flexible, individualised and strengths-based educational practices going forward are discussed. Lay abstract Autistic young people experience poorer mental health and well-being compared to their non-autistic peers. Navigating the complex social, academic, procedural and sensory aspects of school may be particularly challenging for autistic young people and contribute to poorer mental well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented school changes and provided a unique opportunity to gather caregiver’s and young people’s perspectives on the impact of school and pandemic-related school changes on the well-being of both autistic and non-autistic young people. We asked for the views of caregivers and young people aged 11–18 years gathered across three timepoints between May and December 2020. Their responses revealed both benefits and challenges associated with school changes. Insights into possible lessons from the pandemic and recommendations for more flexible, individualised and strengths-based educational practices are discussed.