bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting effects of landscape on nest founding and colony success of bumble bees in a mixed‐crop agroecosystem
Authors: Kwafo Richard , Galpern Paul , Cartar Ralph V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nest‐founding bumble bee queens search landscapes broadly for a nest site, whose later‐developed workers are constrained to foraging around the nest. Landscape could therefore have different influences on nest site selection and subsequent colony success. Additionally, the density of bumble bees in a landscape reflects the product of their nest density and nest success.
To examine separate landscape effects on nest density and success, we examined nest occupancy (reflecting nest density) and colony size (reflecting nest success) using ground‐installed nest boxes placed adjacent to blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fields in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Nest‐searching queens occupied 59% of these boxes. We classified landscapes in a 1.5 km radius of colonies using habitats of a priori relevance to bumble bees: beneficial (i.e. flowering) agriculture, non‐beneficial agriculture (NBA), forest, open semi‐natural, suburban, and their configuration (habitat edge density). Landscape strongly affected nest founding but only weakly affected colony success.
Nest founding increased in landscapes with more forest habitat, more open semi‐natural habitat (and little NBA), and more habitat edge (and little NBA). Colony success increased in landscapes with more edge density (and much NBA). Overall, edge habitats enhanced bumble bee populations, but enhancement was conditional: edge increased nest occupation in landscapes with little NBA and nest success in landscapes with a lot of NBA.
Populations of crop‐pollinating bumble bees might therefore best be enhanced by locally enhancing nesting: protecting forests, 2D semi‐natural habitats (when flowering crops are uncommon), and edge habitats.
Linking environmental stability with genetic diversity and population structure in two Atlantic Forest palm trees
Authors: Mercier Kathryn P. , Vasconcellos Mariana M. , Martins Euder G. A. , Pirani José Rubens , Michelangeli Fabián A. , Carnaval Ana Carolina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimSpatial patterns of biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest are well characterized. However, there is no consensus on the biological processes underlying these patterns, and multiple competing hypotheses have been proposed, several of which centre on climatic stability. Here, we ask if Late Quaternary climatic stability predicts contemporary population structure and genomic‐level diversity in two palm species.LocationAtlantic Forest of Eastern Brazil.TaxaSyagrus botryophoraandS. pseudococos(Arecaceae).MethodsWe first model the distribution of suitable environments in 62 time‐slice climate projections over the last 120 thousand years, and summarize stability over that period. We then use >25,000 RADseq‐generated SNPs to (i) describe the spatial patterns of genomic variation in both species, (ii) test how well genomic variation is explained by isolation by distance and by the environmental resistance imposed by historical instability (isolation by resistance) and (iii) test for a correlation between genetic diversity and historical stability.ResultsThe contemporary range ofS. botryophorahas been relatively stable over the last 30 thousand years and there are two isolated regions of high stability forS. pseudococos. The genomic data recover a clear pattern of isolation by distance inS. botryophoraand two structured populations inS. pseudococos. Consequently, the contribution of isolation by resistance to overall genetic structure is much higher inS. pseudococos. Genetic diversity is not significantly correlated with historical stability in either species.Main ConclusionsBased on the concordance between historical stability and genetic structure, Late Quaternary climate stability may have maintained population connectivity withinS. botryophoraand promoted intraspecific divergence inS. pseudococos. Conversely, historical stability does not seem to be driving spatial patterns of genetic diversity. This study supports the primary role of climatic stability in determining spatial population structure, but not genetic diversity, in the Atlantic Forest.
The green technology of cold plasma jet on the inactivation of Aspergillus flavus and the total aflatoxin level in pistachio and its quality properties
Authors: Esmaeili Zahra , Hosseinzadeh Samani Bahram , Nazari Firouzeh , Rostami Sajad , Nemati Alireza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, the effect of cold plasma on the reduction of Aspergillus flavus and total aflatoxin level in pistachio and some of its quality properties were investigated. Independent variables for reducing A. flavus and aflatoxin include plasma exposure time (5–10–15 min), power supply voltage (10–15–20 kV), argon to air composition (0–50–100%), and the dose of inoculated toxin. The most significant effect on reducing A. flavus compared to other variables was observed when the voltage of the power supply was increased, reaching the highest impact on A. flavus. According to air is cheap and available gas, it reduces plasma production costs. Therefore, in this study, a combination of air and argon gas was used. Also in this study, specific doses of aflatoxin were examined, which shows how much the target system can reduce the dose of aflatoxin. Optimization results showed the highest fungal reduction (5.14 log) after a plasma exposure time of 15 min, the voltage of 20 kV, 62.23% of argon in the gas mixture with air when the maximal aflatoxin (B1, 83.70%; B2, 74.36%; G1 41.39%, and G2, 50.74%;) reductions were obtained after a plasma exposure time of 15 min, 54.26% of argon in the gas mixture with air, and fixed‐dose of 20 ppb of aflatoxin. The results of the evaluation of pistachio characteristics show that there were no significant differences between the results of the control sample and the sample treated with cold plasma jet. So, this technique can be used to reduce A. flavus and aflatoxin with a reduced impact on the quality characteristics of pistachio kernels.Practical ApplicationFood contaminants are challenging the food industry due to the inefficiency of conventional disinfection techniques. Aflatoxin contamination is one of the significant challenges for the food industry since it has acute toxicological effects on consumers Cold plasma (CP) has attracted considerable attention as an emerging technique for the degradation of food contaminants. Elimination of aflatoxins increases the profits of industries and farmers related to pistachios or other nuts. This system can suggest to the food industries for increasing the health of their products.
A meta‐analysis of studies of the effects of case management intervention for stroke survivors across three countries
Authors: Saragih Ita Daryanti , Saragih Ice Septriani , Tarihoran Dame Elysabeth Tuty Arna Uly , Sharma Sapna , Chou Fan‐Hao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeA stroke survivor who is discharged to home care faces many challenges during the transition from the hospital to home, including managing their care at home and engaging in rehabilitation and recovery. Case management was developed to ease the transition from hospital to home and help people with stroke cope with their care management challenges. However, the effects of case management intervention remain inconclusive. Case management was designed to direct care and may represent a novel method for reducing the burden of care. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of case management interventions on mental health outcomes, activities of daily living capacity, physical function, and social function among stroke survivors.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThis study included studies examining the impacts of case management interventions for stroke survivors that were published in English and identified by searching eight databases, from database inception to February 20, 2022. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to pool effect sizes using a random‐effects model (in Stata 16.0). The revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials (RoB‐2) was used to assess the methodological quality of each study.FindingsThe inclusion criteria were satisfied by eight studies (including a total of 1119 stroke survivors). Case management had positive effects on mental health (SMD: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.45, p = 0.001) and activities of daily living (SMD: 0.68; 95% CI: 00.37 to 0.99, p < 0.001). However, no significant effects were observed for either physical function or social function.ConclusionCase management appears to enhance the mental health and activities of daily living among stroke survivors.Clinical RelevanceCase management interventions hold promise as efficient, cost‐effective, and accessible strategies to positively influence care for stroke survivors. This intervention strategy could be applied to the hospital‐to‐home transition to guide care among this population.
Subcision in acne scarring: A review of clinical trials
Authors: Ahramiyanpour Najmeh , Rastaghi Fatemeh , Parvar Seyed Yasamin , Sisakht Ali Karimi , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Amani Maliheh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPost‐acne scarring is the most common permanent consequence of acne vulgaris. Subcision is an intervention in which a needle or blunt cannula is inserted under the scar and moved back and forth to cut fibrotic strands and form new connective tissue, thereby elevating the atrophic scars. In this study, we reviewed the efficacy and adverse effects of different subcision techniques alone or in combination with other modalities to manage acne scars. The terms (subcision), (subcision AND acne scar), and (subcision AND scar) were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar. We included all available reports on clinical trials written in English and published before June 2022. A total of 16 relevant articles were identified after reviewing the abstracts and full texts. Four articles compared blunt cannula‐based subcision as a modified technique with needle‐based subcision as a conventional method, while the others investigated the combination of subcision with other modalities. According to our findings, subcision is a safe and effective method for treating atrophic acne scars. Needle‐based subcision and cannula‐based subcision offer comparable efficacy, with the latter causing fewer side effects and inducing greater patient satisfaction. Combining subcision with the application of autologous tissues (platelet gel) or artificial materials (hyaluronic acid gels and threads) as fillers can improve outcomes and prevent the re‐depressing of scars, as can its combination with frequent suctioning. Combinations with microneedling or fractionated microneedle radiofrequency have also been safe and effective. We conclude that modifications of the subcision procedure lessen its side effects, and combination therapies improve its efficacy.
Genetic examination for fetuses with increased nuchal translucency by exome sequencing
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Liu Ling , Zhi Yunxiao , Li Ying , Tian Weifang , Yang Bo , Ye Xiaoxue , Cui Shihong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis retrospective study aimed to investigate the value of exome sequencing (ES) in fetuses with isolated first‐trimester increased nuchal translucency (NT) and normal chromosomes.MethodsES was performed on 103 fetuses with isolated first trimester increased NT and normal chromosomes. The detection rate of monogenic conditions was analyzed.ResultsDiagnostic variants were detected in nine cases in which phenotypes and genotypes correlated well, two positive cases were Thanatophoric dysplasia type I, and one case was Kabuki syndrome, which had been detected in previous studies. Eight of the nine cases with diagnostic variants developed additional structural malformations later in pregnancy. Among the nine positive cases, six had a NT thickness between 95th percentile (95th–3.4 mm), and three cases with an increased NT of 3.5 mm or greater. Also, there was no statistical difference in the diagnosis of diagnostic variants in cases with or without a thickened nuchal fold (NF).ConclusionsThe diagnostic yield of prenatal ES is low for fetuses with an isolated increased NT. In addition to Noonan syndrome, there are additional genetic syndromes such as Kabuki syndrome and Thanatophoric dysplasia type I that are potentially associated with an increased NT. A cut‐off of greater than the 95th percentile may be useful in case selection for ES. Whether it is clinically meaningful to monitor NF values for fetuses with isolated increased NT and normal chromosomes worth considering.
Achieving Product Ambidexterity in New Product Development: The Role of Middle Managers' Dynamic Managerial Capabilities
Authors: Greven Andrea , Kruse Sebastian , Vos Anne , Strese Steffen , Brettel Malte 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile the concept of dynamic managerial capabilities was initially developed to understand top managers' strategic decisions, we theorize that it can explain how middle managers successfully contribute to functional outcomes. In this paper, we apply the dynamic managerial capabilities perspective and theorize that middle managers' capabilities to sense, seize, and reconfigure opportunities and assets, enhance product ambidexterity. We test our predictions with survey data obtained in two waves with a three‐year time lag and enriched with archival data from a sample of 185 German middle managers. Our results show that middle managers' general human capital (specialized education), structural social capital (managerial ties), and relational social capital (trust) are positively related to product ambidexterity, while their cognitive social capital (solidarity) is negatively related. We contribute by expanding the concept of dynamic managerial capabilities to middle management and provide insights into the underexplored relationship between middle managers' capabilities and functional product ambidexterity.
Career adaptability and proactive work behaviour: A relational model
Authors: Cai Zijun , Tian Yixin , Wang Zhen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch on career adaptability has found that it helps people adapt at work. However, in modern uncertain and dynamic work environment, people need to perform proactive work behaviour to ensure individual effectiveness. Thus, to understand how career adaptability advances career development, it is necessary to examine its influences on proactive work behaviour. Adopting a relational perceptive, the current paper proposed leader‐member exchange and perceived coworker support as the mediators and future work self salience as a moderator. Data were collected with a three‐wave design in China. Findings largely supported the propositions, albeit showing partial mediation effects. This study extends existing understandings of the role of career adaptability at work, provides a new perspective about why it influences work‐related outcomes and enriches the knowledge about the antecedents of proactive work behaviour.
Melatonin functions as a broad‐spectrum antifungal by targeting a conserved pathogen protein kinase
Authors: Li Renjian , Bi Ruiqing , Cai Huanyu , Zhao Juan , Sun Peng , Xu Weilong , Zhou Yaru , Yang Wei , Zheng Lu , Chen Xiao‐Lin , Wang Guanghui , Wang Dongli , Liu Junfeng , Teng Huailong , Li Guotian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMelatonin is a low‐cost natural small indole molecule with versatile biological functions. However, melatonin's fungicidal potential has not been fully exploited, and the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that melatonin broadly inhibited 13 plant pathogens. In the rice blast fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, melatonin inhibited fungal growth, formation of infection‐specific structures named appressoria, and plant infection, reducing disease severity. Melatonin entered fungal cells efficiently and colocalized with the critical mitogen‐activated protein kinase named Mps1, suppressing phosphorylation of Mps1. Melatonin's affinity for Mps1 via two hydrogen bonds was demonstrated using surface plasmon resonance and chemical modifications. To improve melatonin's efficiency, we obtained 20 melatonin derivatives. Tert‐butyloxycarbonyl melatonin showed a 25‐fold increase in fungicidal activities, demonstrating the feasibility of chemical modifications in melatonin modification. Our study demonstrated the broad‐spectrum fungicidal effect of melatonin by suppressing Mps1 as one of the targets. Through further systematic modifications, developing an eco‐friendly melatonin derivative of commercial values for agricultural applications appears promising.
Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions
Authors: Li Ping , Xu Qihui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe last two decades have seen a significant amount of interest in bilingual language learning and processing. A number of computational models have also been developed to account for bilingualism, with varying degrees of success. In this article, we first briefly introduce the significance of computational approaches to bilingual language learning, along with a discussion of the major contributions of current models, their implications, and their limitations. We show that the current models have contributed to progress in understanding the bilingual mind, but significant gaps exist. We advocate a new research agenda integrating progress across different disciplines, such as computational neuroscience, natural language processing, and first language acquisition, to construct a pluralist computational account that combines high‐level cognitive theories and neurobiological foundations for bilingual language learning. We outline the contributions and promises of this interdisciplinary approach in which we view bilingual language learning as a dynamic, interactive, and developmental process.
Reinforcement‐concrete bond in discrete modeling of structural concrete
Authors: Gu Dawei , Mustafa Shozab , Pan Jinlong , Luković Mladena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe bond between concrete and reinforcement is one of the critical parameters influencing the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC). This research proposes a mathematical methodology to scale the reinforcement‐concrete bond‐slip relationship in a beam lattice modeling framework. A simplified, generalized approach based on stochastic analysis is proposed to model the interaction between the reinforcing bar and surrounding concrete at the macroscale. The approach considers the randomness of the lattice mesh and the mesh size and adopts an analytical model for the interface assuming the pull‐out failure of reinforcement as input, thereby including also the mesoscale geometric effect of ribs. By using the geometric configuration of Delaunay triangulation in the random lattice mesh, the interface elements can reproduce the basic conical stress transfer mechanism in concrete. Consequently, depending on boundary conditions, and without changing the interface properties, a splitting failure and bond‐slip relation for splitting failure can be predicted. The model is systematically validated in different types of pull‐out tests, through flexural and finally shear tests. With limited input (properties of the concrete and analytical equation for pull‐out failure), having a (strong) physical background, the model was shown to capture the fundamental fracture mechanisms in RC under different loading and confinement conditions.
From Chicago classification v3.0 to v4.0: Diagnostic changes and clinical implications
Authors: Sallette Morgane , Lenz Jamila , Mion François , Roman Sabine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Chicago Classification (CC) used to define esophageal motility disorders in high‐resolution manometry (HRM) has evolved over time. Our aim was to compare the frequency of motility disorders diagnosed with the last two versions (CCv3.0 and CCv4.0) and to evaluate symptoms severity according to the diagnoses.MethodsFrom June to December 2020, patients who underwent esophageal HRM with swallows in supine and sitting positions were included. HRM studies were retrospectively analyzed using CCv3.0 and CCv4.0. Symptoms severity and quality of life were assessed with validated standardized questionnaires.Key ResultsAmong the 130 patients included (73 women, mean age 52 years), motility disorder diagnoses remained unchanged in 102 patients (78%) with both CC. The 3 patients with esophago‐gastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) with CCv3.0 were EGJOO, ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and normal with CCv4.0. Twenty‐four out of 63 IEM diagnosed with the CCv3.0 (38%) turned into normal motility with the CCv4.0. Whatever the CC used, brief esophageal dysphagia questionnaire score was significantly higher in patients with EGJ relaxation disorders compared to those with IEM (25 (0–34) vs 0 (0–19),p = 0.01). Gastro‐Esophageal Reflux disease questionnaire (GERD‐Q) score was higher in patients with IEM with both CC compared to those who turned to normal with CCv4.0.Conclusions and InferencesWhile motility disorders diagnoses remained mainly unchanged with both CC, IEM was less frequent with CCv4.0 compared to CCv3.0. The higher GERD‐Q score in IEM patients with CCv4.0 suggests that CCv4.0 might identify IEM more likely associated with GERD.
Compassion‐based interventions in Asian communities: A meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Kariyawasam Lasara , Ononaiye Margarita , Irons Chris , Kirby Sarah E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposePractising compassion increases well‐being and reduces depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among clinical and non‐clinical populations. There is a rapid increase in compassion‐based interventions within the past two decades. However, the reviews are limited to predominantly Western cultures. Therefore, this meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the literature attempting to promote and increase compassion in Asian communities.MethodEight randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted between 2016 to 2021 were included in the meta‐analysis with data from 1012 participants across Thailand, Japan, China and Hong Kong. Effect sizes were calculated to test the efficacy of the compassion‐based interventions on the self‐compassion outcome. Intervention efficacy was tested by comparing the intervention groups against control groups (wait‐list control and active control groups) at pre‐ and post‐interventions.ResultsSignificant between‐group differences in change scores were found on self‐report measures of self‐compassion with large effect sizes in interventions with wait‐list control groups (d = .86) and small effect sizes in interventions with active‐control groups (d = .19).ConclusionsAlthough compassion‐based interventions are heterogeneous in nature and limited in scope, there is promising evidence of improving self‐compassion in Asian communities. This supports for the cross‐cultural applicability of compassion‐based interventions. However, research within the Asian context is limited and at an infancy stage, signifying the importance of conducting further compassion‐based interventions in clinical and non‐clinical groups living in the Asian communities.