bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Health Dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L in People with Impaired Vision
Authors: Macedo Antonio Filipe , Hellström Amanda , Massof Robert , Tuvesson Hanna , Rask Mikael , Ramos Pedro Lima , Safipour Jalal , Marteinsdottir Ina , Nilsson Evalill , Fagerström Cecilia , Årestedt Kristofer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The EQ-5D index often fails to detect the effect of ophthalmic diseases and sight loss. Investigating predictors of individual EQ-5D health dimensions might reveal the underlying reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of health dimension ratings obtained with the EQ-5D-3L from participants with impaired vision representing a spectrum of eye diseases.
Methods
Observational cross-sectional study with participants recruited at four public hospitals in the north of Portugal. Out-patients with visual acuity of 0.30 logMAR (6/12) or worse in the better-seeing eye were invited to take part in the study. Higher values of acuity in logMAR correspond to worse vision. Participants completed two instruments: the EQ-5D-3L and the Massof Activity Inventory (MAI). The MAI provides a measure of visual ability ‒the ability to perform vision-related activities. Higher values of visual ability correspond to greater ease performing activities. The EQ-5D-3L is a generic instrument that frequently is used to quantify the participants’ perceived health-related quality of life. This study used logistic regression models to identify factors associated with self-reported health status estimated from patient responses to the EQ-5D-3L.
Results
The study included 492 participants, mean age 63.4 years (range = 18–93) and 50% females. The most common diagnosis was diabetic retinopathy (37%). The mean visual acuity in the better seeing eye was 0.65 logMAR (SD = 0.48) and the mean visual ability was 0.62 logits (SD = 2.04), correlation between the two was − 0.511 (p < 0.001). Mobility and self-care were the health dimensions with the fewest problems (1% reported extreme problems), anxiety and depression the dimension with the most problems (24% reported extreme problems). Visual ability was an independent predictor of the response for all dimensions, higher ability was always associated with a reduced odds of reporting problems. The odds of reporting problems were increased for females in 3 out of 5 dimensions. Comorbidities, visual acuity and age-category were predictors of the odds of reporting problems for one dimension each.
Conclusions
The odds of reporting problems for the five health dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L are strongly influenced by the ability to perform vision-related activities (visual ability). These findings are informative and relevant for the clinic and for research evaluating the impact of eye diseases and disease treatments in ophthalmology.
Deubiquitinating enzyme USP42 promotes breast cancer progression by inhibiting JNK/p38-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Wang Gongxian , He Chongwu , Chen Jing , He Wenrui , He Longbo , Li Jianglong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 42 (USP42) exerts crucial roles in various cancers, while the detailed functions and mechanisms of USP42 on breast cancer are still uncovered. In this study, we found that USP42 was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells compared with normal samples. Overexpression of USP42 significantly promoted breast cancer cells growth, invasion and migration while knockdown of USP42 exerted adverse effects. Additionally, silencing USP42 dramatically increased apoptosis rate of breast cancer cells and facilitated the activation of JNK in addition of p38. Moreover, JNK or p38-MAPK specific inhibitor partially eliminated effects of silencing USP42 on the progression of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, our present investigations revealed that USP42 facilitated breast cancer cells development by reducing the activation of JNK as well as p38 and suppressing cell apoptosis.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for resected duodenal adenocarcinoma: a case-matched analysis in nation wide cohort
Authors: de Bakker Jacob , Meijer L.L. , Zonderhuis B.M. , Vliet H.J. van der , Daams F. , Grieken N.C.T. van , Lissenberg-Witte B.I. , Kazemier G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDuodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) is a rare tumor for which survival data on adjuvant chemotherapy in patients after surgical treatment are unclear. This case-matched study in a nationwide cohort aims to investigate the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resectable DA on overall survival.Methods All patients diagnosed with DA and intestinal type periampullary adenocarcinoma (PVA) in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2015 were included (n=1316). Patients with disease stage II and III who underwent resection and adjuvant chemotherapy were matched (1:2), based on identified covariates associated with OS, with patients who underwent surgery alone. Overall survival was compared using Kaplan-Meier estimates.ResultsThe median OS was 49.9 months in patients who underwent curative resection (n=649). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed a significant influence of age, lymph node involvement, and T- stage on survival. The group of patients receiving adjuvant treatment consisted of 43 patients and the non-adjuvant group of 83 case matched patients. The median OS of the complete matched cohort (n=126) was 26.9 months. No statistically significant survival benefit was found for the adjuvant group as compared to the group treated with surgery alone (median OS=34.4 months and 23.0 months, P=0.20). Conclusion This population-based, case-matched analysis demonstrates no statistically significant survival benefit for adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection in stage II and III patients. Future studies with specified treatment regimens as well as thorough stratification for prognostic factors will be required in order to more definitively determine the role of adjuvant therapy.
Flow-Controlled Ventilation May Reduce Mechanical Power and Increase Ventilatory Efficiency in Severe Coronavirus Disease-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Grassetto Alberto , Pettenuzzo Tommaso , Badii Flavio , Barzaghi Francesca , Carlon Riccardo , Dellarole Sandro , Pipitone Marilena , Versaci Alessandra , Paolera Michele Della , Sella Nicolò , Navalesi Paolo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background. The prevention of ventilator-induced lung injury is the mainstay of the management of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Reducing mechanical power during invasive mechanical ventilation may be beneficial. Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) (Evone®, Ventinova Medical, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) is a ventilatory mode providing low and controlled flow rates throughout both inspiration and expiration. We hypothesize that FCV would reduce mechanical power and ventilatory ratio, by allowing the reduction of minute ventilation, in coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 patients developing refractory hypoxemia despite optimization of conventional constant-flow volume-targeted mechanical ventilation (CMV) and prone positioning.Methods. The study was performed in the intensive care unit of the Vittorio Veneto Hospital (Italy). We included 10 sedated and paralyzed patients with ARDS secondary to COVID-19, with arterial partial pressure of oxygen to inspired oxygen fraction ratio (PaO2/FiO2) < 150 mmHg during CMV while in prone position for at least 12 consecutive hours. All measurements were obtained in CMV prior to switching to FCV (CMV1), after 4 hours of FCV, and then again after 4 hours of CMV (CMV2). Results. During FCV inspiratory flow rate, respiratory rate, and minute ventilation were significantly lower than with both CMV1 and CMV2. Mechanical power was 10.8 (9.9-13.4) J/min, as opposed to CMV1 [22.7 (20.3-25.6) J/min (p=0.006)] and CMV2 [20.1 (19.0-24.0) J/min (p=0.006)]. Ventilatory ratio also significantly decreased to 1.40 (1.28-1.44) from CMV1 [2.22 (1.90-2.56) (p=0.006)] and then increased again during CMV2 [2.20 (1.79-2.57) (p=0.006)]. Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH, and PaO2/FiO2 were not significantly different among the three conditions.Conclusions. FCV reduced mechanical power and increased ventilatory efficiency in severely hypoxemic COVID-19 patients receiving CMV and prone positioning.
Genetic background and development stage of maize influence disease severity and yield loss due to maize lethal necrosis (MLN) and Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV)
Authors: L.M. SURESH , Beyene Yoseph , Jumbo MacDonald B. , Makumbi Dan , Mwaura Wilson , Njeru Faith , Burgueño Juan , Prasanna Boddupalli M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nine inbred lines and nine hybrids of maize (Zea mays) were tested in an insect-free net-house in Naivasha, Kenya, by inoculating them with either maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) alone or together with sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), a combination that causes maize lethal necrosis, and the impact was assessed in terms of disease severity and grain yields. The effect of the combination was much more in plants inoculated while at the early growth stage: the disease severity scores were higher, the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was greater, and titres of MCMV were higher. Seeds from all the inoculated plants were contaminated with MCMV irrespective of the stage at which they had been inoculated and irrespective of their level of resistance. The study highlights the need to take proper prophylactic measures before sowing, such as using disease-free seeds or treated seeds to eliminate any possible contamination with MCMV at early growth stages, to lower the adverse impact of maize lethal necrosis in countries in which the disease is endemic. Also, genotypes susceptible to the disease need to be replaced with those resistant to it.
Highway traffic flow prediction model with multi-component spatial-temporal graph convolution networks
Authors: Tao Ning , Jiayu Wang , Xiaodong Duan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Highway traffic flow forecasting is highly nonlinear and complex, so it is technically and operationally difficult to predict traffic flow accurately. In order to accurately predict the traffic flow of highway and alleviate its traffic congestion, a multi-component spatial-temporal convolution network model (MCSGCN) based on deep learning is proposed. The characteristics of short-term, daily cycle and weekly cycle of traffic data is modeled through three components and each component effectively captures the spatial-temporal correlation of traffic data by using spatial dimensional graph convolution and time dimensional convolution at the same time. Then input the sample data into the integrated model to train and extract the characteristics of traffic flow data. Finally, the model is tested on Highway England in England and PEMS-BAY, a public data set of Highway traffic in California. It is known through the experimental results that the integrated deep learning model is better than the single model in predicting the traffic flow of highway. The accuracy of traffic flow prediction on weekdays is higher than that on holidays. The prediction effect of MCSGCN is better than the existing model of traffic flow prediction.
Heterogeneous treatment effects of intensive glycemic control on major adverse cardiovascular events in the ACCORD and VADT trials: a machine-learning analysis
Authors: Edward Justin , Josey Kevin , Bahn Gideon , Caplan Liron , Reusch Jane E.B. , Reaven Peter , Ghosh Debashis , Raghavan Sridharan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Evidence to guide type 2 diabetes treatment individualization is limited. We evaluated heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) of intensive glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study (ACCORD) and the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).Methods: Causal forests machine learning analysis was performed using pooled individual data from two randomized trials (n=12,042) to identify HTE of intensive versus standard glycemic control on MACE in patients with type 2 diabetes. We used variable prioritization from causal forests to build a summary decision tree and examined the risk difference of MACE between treatment arms in the resulting subgroups.Results: A summary decision tree used five variables (hemoglobin glycation index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, fasting glucose, age, and body mass index) to define eight subgroups in which risk differences of MACE ranged from -5.1% (95% CI -8.7, -1.5) to 3.1% (95% CI 0.2, 6.0) (negative values represent lower MACE associated with intensive glycemic control). Intensive glycemic control was associated with lower MACE in pooled study data in subgroups with low (-4.2% [95% CI -8.1, -1.0]), intermediate (-5.1% [95% CI -8.7, -1.5]), and high (-4.3% [95% CI -7.7, -1.0]) MACE rates with consistent directions of effect in ACCORD and VADT alone.Conclusions: This data-driven analysis provides evidence supporting the diabetes treatment guideline recommendation of intensive glucose lowering in diabetes patients with low cardiovascular risk and additionally suggests potential benefits of intensive glycemic control in some individuals at higher cardiovascular risk.
Insight into Trichinella britovi infection in pigs: effect of various moderate infectious doses on larvae density and spatial larvae distribution in carcasses and comparison of the detection of anti-T. britovi IgG of three different commercial ELISA tests and immunoblot assay
Authors: Gondek Michał , Grzelak Sylwia , Knysz Przemysław , Pyz-Łukasik Renata , Ziomek Monika , Bień-Kalinowska Justyna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Community Surveillance of Omicron in Ontario: Wastewater-based Epidemiology Comes of Age.
Authors: order: Authors presented in alphabetical , Arts Eric , Brown Stephen , Bulir David , Charles Trevor C. , DeGroot Christopher T. , Delatolla Robert , Desaulniers Jean-Paul , Edwards Elizabeth A. , Fuzzen Meghan , Gilbride Kimberley , Gilchrist Jodi , Goodridge Lawrence , Graber Tyson E. , Habash Marc , Jüni Peter , Kirkwood Andrea , Knockleby James , Kyle Christopher , Landgraff Chrystal , Mangat Chand , Manuel Douglas G. , McKay R. Michael , Mejia Edgard , Mloszewska Aleksandra , Ormeci Banu , Oswald Claire , Payne Sarah Jane , Peng Hui , Peterson Shelley , Poon Art F.Y. , Servos Mark R. , Simmons Denina , Sun Jianxian , Yang Minqing , Ybazeta Gustavo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been implemented at building, neighbourhood, and city levels throughout the world. Implementation strategies and analysis methods differ, but they all aim to provide rapid and reliable information about community COVID-19 health states. A viable and sustainable SARS-CoV-2 surveillance network must not only provide reliable and timely information about COVID-19 trends, but also provide for scalability as well as accurate detection of known or unknown emerging variants. Emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron in late Fall 2021 presented an excellent opportunity to benchmark individual and aggregated data outputs of the Ontario Wastewater Surveillance Initiative in Canada; this public health-integrated surveillance network monitors wastewaters from over 10 million people across major population centres of the province. We demonstrate that this coordinated approach provides excellent situational awareness, comparing favourably with traditional clinical surveillance measures. Thus, aggregated datasets compiled from multiple wastewater-based surveillance nodes can provide sufficient sensitivity (i.e., early indication of increasing and decreasing incidence of SARS-CoV-2) and specificity (i.e., allele frequency estimation of emerging variants) with which to make informed public health decisions at regional- and state-levels.
DRG group analysis of hospitalization costs in elderly patients with cerebral infarction
Authors: Yan Jing , Luo Ming-wei , Luo Ming-yang , Xie shi-wei , Pang Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAcute cerebral infarction is a serious disease threatening to human life and health, causing a serious disease burden on the patient himself, his family and society. The purpose of this study is to reasonably predict the cost of grouping DRG cases in patients with acute cerebral infarction and to provide reference for medical insurance payment decision-making. MethodsWe used the case coding system to retrieve 1425 elderly hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction in 2021, and extracted the information from the first page of medical records, as well as used univariate and multiple linear regression analysis to screen node variables affecting hospitalization costs, and constructed a decision tree model for case group analysis of hospitalization costs.Result The age of the samples was 74.37±6.691 years old, and the hospitalization time was 13.15±10.629 days. The total hospitalization costs were 9589.94 yuan (6892.905, 14480.625 yuan), and gender, marriage, cost category, admission route, treatment outcome, complications, and treatment method were statistically significant from the total hospitalization costs (P < 0.05). The important factors affecting the total hospitalization costs include marriage, expense category, admission route, treatment outcome and treatment method (P < 0.05) . The standardized partial regression coefficient of treatment method is the largest, which shows that it has the greatest influence on the total hospitalization costs of elderly patients with cerebral infarction. The main independent variables affecting hospitalization costs of elderly patients with cerebral infarction include marriage, expense category, admission route, outcome and treatment method, which are important classification nodes variables of regression tree.ConclusionThe case grouping of hospitalization costs of elderly patients with cerebral infarction has good homogeneity and heterogeneity between groups, and the grouping is reasonable, which can provide some reference for the reform of medical insurance payment.
Clinical Features of Cholangitis After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Kihara Yasuhiro , Yokomizo Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Postoperative cholangitis is a late complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of post-PD cholangitis (PPDC) and explore its optimal treatment.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 210 patients who underwent PD at our institute between 2009 and 2018. Patients who underwent follow-up for less than one year or had cholangitis caused by cancer recurrence, were excluded from the analysis. Diagnostic criteria for cholangitis and its severity were determined based on the classification of acute cholangitis provided by the 2018 Tokyo Guidelines (TG18).Results: PPDC occurred in 19 (11%) of the 176 included patients. Of these 19 patients, nine experienced more than one episode of cholangitis (total episodes, 36). For 14 patients (74%), the first episode of PPDC occurred within two years after surgery. Based on the TG18, 21 episodes were mild and 15 episodes were moderate; none were severe. Blood culture test results were positive for 16 of 24 episodes. Most patients were hospitalized and treated with intravenous antibiotics (median, seven days). The blood test values improved promptly after treatment was started. Four patients with recurrent cholangitis underwent endoscopic examination, and three of them had anastomotic stenosis of the hepaticojejunostomy. The univariate and multivariate analyses did not indicate any significant predictive factors for PPDC development.Conclusion: Mild and moderate PPDC occurred and improved with short-term antimicrobial treatment. Temporary reflux into the intrahepatic bile ducts may have been the cause of PPDC while anastomotic stenosis may be involved in recurrent cases.
Trilobatin Ameliorates Inflammatory Response Through Mir375-Mediated FABP4 Expression In Adipocytes
Authors: Li Xingan , Wu Yucui , Jiang Xiaoqing , Fei Yin , Jianhui Liu , Yin Li 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue and functions as an important mediator of inflammation. However, small molecules that regulate the expression of FABP4 in adipocytes have not been well characterized. In this work, we found that, together with decreasing the mRNA expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin -6 (IL-6). Treatment with trilobatin dose-dependently attenuated the mRNA and protein levels of FABP4 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Meanwhile, administration of 10 mg/kg trilobatin for 4 weeks (i. g.) also decreased the mRNA and protein levels of FABP4 and the mRNA expression of TNFα and IL-6 in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and the contents of TNFα and IL-6 in serum of ob/ob mice. In addition, we screened and identified that trilobatin protected against the decrease of microRNA precursors including premiR-375, premiR-338 and premiR-129, but only miR-375 inhibitor prohibited the role of trilobatin on the expression of FABP4, hinted that miR-375 might be involved in trilobatin regulating FABP4 expression in LPS-treated differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The findings of this study suggested that trilobatin might be a promising compound for the management of obesity because of its anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of FABP4 in adipocytes.
Incidence of self-harm and suicide-related ideation among the Irish Traveller indigenous population presenting to hospital emergency departments: evidence from the National Clinical Programme for Self-Harm
Authors: Kavalidou Katerina , Daly Caroline , McTernan Niall , Corcoran Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Previous research has examined the suicide risk of the Irish Traveller population, but less is known about the prevalence of suicidal behaviours and thoughts of this ethnic minority group recorded at hospital level. The aim of the current study was to compare the incidence of hospital-presenting self-harm and suicide-related ideation of Travellers to non-Traveller patients and describe any ethnic disparities in the aftercare of their presentation.
Methods
A population-based study was conducted for the years 2018–2019. Data were obtained from the service improvement dataset of an Irish dedicated national programme for the assessment of those presenting to emergency departments (EDs) due to self-harm and suicide-related ideation.
Results
24,473 presentations were recorded with 3% of the presentations made by Irish Travellers. Female Traveller patients had 3·04 (95% CI 2·51 − 3·68) higher risk for suicide-related ideation and 3·85 (95% CI 3·37 − 4·41) for self-harm, compared to White Irish female patients. Male Traveller patients had 4·46 (95% CI 3·86 − 5·16) higher risk for suicide-related ideation and 5·43 (95% CI 4·75 − 6·21) higher rates for self-harm presentations. The highest rate ratios for self-harm were observed among older Traveller patients [male: 9·23 (95% CI 5·93 − 14·39); female: 6·79 (95% CI 4·37 − 10·57)]. A higher proportion of Traveller patients requested no next of kin involvement, compared to other ethnicities.
Conclusion
Given that Irish Travellers are at higher risk of suicide-related hospital presentations, compared to other ethnic groups in Ireland, EDs should be viewed as an important suicide intervention point.