bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiation of oral antihypertensives in hospitalized patients with hypertensive urgency: A descriptive study
Authors: Chun Hannah , Zimmerman David E , Covvey Jordan R , Nemecek Branden D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
In hypertensive urgency, guidelines recommend oral antihypertensives, but with limited guidance on implementation. The objective of this study was to determine whether time to initiation of oral antihypertensives impacts blood pressure (BP) reduction in patients with hypertensive urgency.

Methods
A descriptive study was conducted of adult hospitalized patients with hypertensive urgency from November 2018 through November 2021. Patients with a systolic BP (SBP) of 180 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic BP (DBP) of 120 mm Hg or higher and receipt of oral antihypertensives within 48 hours of presentation were included. The primary outcome was the percentage change in SBP from baseline at 12 to 24 hours and 24 to 48 hours. Secondary outcomes included the change in DBP and mean arterial pressure (MAP), time to 3 consecutive goal SBP readings, continuation of home oral antihypertensives, administration of intravenous (IV) antihypertensives, and length of stay (LOS). Patients were stratified by quartile (Q1 through Q4) based on time to first oral antihypertensive.

Results
A total of 220 patients were included. A significant difference in SBP was observed among the quartiles, due to the greater sustained SBP reduction in Q1 at 12 to 24 hours and 24 to 48 hours (median [interquartile range, IQR], 22.9% [13.1%-30.5%] and 22.5% [IQR, 15.8%-32.9%] reduction, respectively). There were also reductions in DBP and MAP, with Q1 consistently having larger reductions than Q4. Patients in Q1 had 3 consecutive goal SBP readings earlier than those in the other quartiles (median [IQR], 13.1 [7.0-21.5] hours). Continuation of home medications, number of IV antihypertensives, and LOS did not differ among the quartiles.

Conclusion
In this analysis, earlier administration of oral antihypertensives was associated with a larger sustained reduction in SBP.
Return to sport or work following surgical management of scapholunate ligament injury: a systematic review
Authors: Liew Mei Yen , Dingle Lewis A , Semple Abi , Rust Philippa A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review aims to compare the rate and time to return to sport or work following surgical interventions for isolated scapholunate ligament (SLL) injury.Sources of dataA PRISMA-compliant systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, AMED, CINAHL Plus and SPORTDiscus was performed using keywords ‘scapholunate’, ‘scapholunate ligament’, ‘scaphoid lunate’, ‘sport’, ‘sport injury’, ‘athlete’, ‘athletic performance’, ‘elite’, ‘return to sport’, ‘training’, ‘work’, ‘activity’, ‘return to activity’. Adult patients with isolated SLL injury, without osteoarthritis, were included.Areas of agreementFourteen papers, including six different surgical interventions, met the criteria for the final analysis. All surgical techniques demonstrated acceptable rates of return to work or sport (&gt;80%).Areas of controversyThe optimal surgical intervention for isolated SLL injury remains undetermined due to heterogeneity and limited sample sizes of published studies.Growing pointsThis systematic review has provided clarification on the available literature on treatment modalities for isolated SLL injuries in the absence of osteoarthritis.Areas timely for developing researchProspective, randomized, primary studies are needed to establish optimal treatment for acute isolated SLL injuries.
Severe functional tricuspid regurgitation due to wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy without left ventricular hypertrophy: a case report
Authors: Matsuzoe Hiroki , Tanaka Hidekazu , Sato Shunsuke , Otani Kyoko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is usually characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy or LV systolic dysfunction. However, right atrial (RA) amyloidosis without LV hypertrophy, leading to severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR), is extremely rare.

Case summary
We present 75-year-old female with exertional dyspnoea and pre-syncope. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a normal LV function and no LV hypertrophy. A sick sinus syndrome and severe FTR due to right ventricular (RV) and RA dilatation were observed. A leadless cardiac pacemaker implantation was performed for sick sinus syndrome and the symptoms improved, but she complained of leg oedema and fatigue on effort again. A repeated transthoracic echocardiogram showed no notable changes in LV function, but progression of RV and RA dilatation was observed, with worsening FTR. Despite treatment of loop diuretics with 30 mg daily of azosemide, symptoms did not improve, and the patient underwent tricuspid valve annuloplasty. Pathological findings from right atrium led to a diagnosis of ATTR-CM, and deoxyribonucleic acid sequence analysis did not indicate any typical mutation, which supported a diagnosis of wild type of ATTR-CM (ATTRwt-CM). She has been asymptomatic after the surgical operation. She has also been treated with 80 mg daily of tafamidis meglumine to prevent further accumulation of transthyretin in the myocardium and potentially improve long-term outcomes.

Discussion
Isolated atrial amyloidosis, especially occurring predominantly in the right atrium and caused by ATTRwt-CM without LV hypertrophy, is extremely rare. However, differential diagnosis should be considered for patients with unexplained dilatation of the right-sided heart or bradyarrhythmia.
VabHLH137 promotes proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin biosynthesis and enhances resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in grapevine
Authors: Yu Dan , Wei Wei , Fan Zhongqi , Chen Jianye , You Yilin , Huang Weidong , Zhan Jicheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) and anthocyanins are involved in the response of plants to various environmental stresses. However, the mechanism behind defense-induced PA biosynthetic regulation is still not completely elucidated, also in grapevine. This study performed a transcriptome sequencing analysis of grape berries infected with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides to highlight the induction of the VabHLH137 factor from the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) XII subfamily by the fungus, which appeared to be significantly co-expressed with PA-related genes. The functional analysis of VabHLH137 overexpression and knockdown in transgenic grape calli showed that it positively regulated PA and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, VabHLH137 overexpression in the grape calli significantly increased resistance to C. gloeosporioides. A yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that VabHLH137 directly bound to the VaLAR2 promoter, enhancing its activity and interacting with VaMYBPAR, a transcriptional activator of PA biosynthesis. Furthermore, transient experiments showed that although the VabHLH137 + VaMYBPAR complex activated VaLAR2 expression, it failed to further enhance VaLAR2 expression compared to VaMYBPAR alone. The findings indicated that VabHLH137 enhanced PA biosynthesis by activating of VaLAR2 expression, providing new insight into the transcriptional regulation of defense-induced PA biosynthesis in grapevine.
Genome-wide association study of 23 flowering phenology traits and 4 floral agronomic traits in tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) reveals five genes known to regulate flowering time
Authors: Li Yuying , Guo Lili , Wang Zhanying , Zhao Dehui , Guo Dalong , Carlson John E. , Yin Weilun , Hou Xiaogai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tree peony is a unique traditional flower in China, with large, fragrant, and colorful flowers. However, a relatively short and concentrated flowering period limits the applications and production of tree peony. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to accelerate molecular breeding for the improvement of flowering phenology traits and ornamental phenotypes in tree peony. A diverse panel of 451 tree peony accessions was phenotyped for 23 flowering phenology traits and 4 floral agronomic traits over 3 years. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was used to obtain a large number of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (107 050) for the panel genotypes, and 1047 candidate genes were identified by association mapping. Eighty-two related genes were observed during at least 2 years for flowering, and seven SNPs repeatedly identified for multiple flowering phenology traits over multiple years were highly significantly associated with five genes known to regulate flowering time. We validated the temporal expression profiles of these candidate genes and highlighted their possible roles in the regulation of flower bud differentiation and flowering time in tree peony. This study shows that GWAS based on GBS can be used to identify the genetic determinants of complex traits in tree peony. The results expand our understanding of flowering time control in perennial woody plants. Identification of markers closely related to these flowering phenology traits can be used in tree peony breeding programs for important agronomic traits.
Theanine, a tea-plant-specific non-proteinogenic amino acid, is involved in the regulation of lateral root development in response to nitrogen status
Authors: Chen Tingting , Lin Shijia , Chen Ziping , Yang Tianyuan , Zhang Shupei , Zhang Jinsong , Xu Guohua , Wan Xiaochun , Zhang Zhaoliang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Glutamine synthetase type I (GSI)-like proteins are proposed to mediate nitrogen signaling and developmental fate by synthesizing yet unidentified metabolites. Theanine, the most abundant non-proteinogenic amino acid in tea plants, is the first identified metabolite synthesized by a GSI-like protein (CsTSI) in a living system. However, the roles of theanine in nitrogen signaling and development are little understood. In this study we found that nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced theanine accumulation and increased lateral root development in tea plant seedlings. Exogenous theanine feeding significantly repressed lateral root development of seedlings of tea plants and the model plant Arabidopsis. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes in the roots under theanine feeding were enriched in the apoplastic pathway and H2O2 metabolism. Consistently, theanine feeding reduced H2O2 levels in the roots. Importantly, when co-treated with H2O2, theanine abolished the promoting effect of H2O2 on lateral root development in both tea plant and Arabidopsis seedlings. The results of histochemical assays confirmed that theanine inhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation in the roots. Further transcriptomic analyses suggested the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in H2O2 generation and scavenging was down- and upregulated by theanine, respectively. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in auxin metabolism and signaling, cell division, and cell expansion was also regulated by theanine. Collectively, these results suggested that CsTSI-synthesized theanine is likely involved in the regulation of lateral root development, via modulating H2O2 accumulation, in response to nitrogen levels in tea plants. This study also implied that the module consisting of GSI-like protein and theanine-like metabolite is probably conserved in regulating development in response to nitrogen status in plant species.
Haem Oxygenase 1 is a potential target for creating etiolated/albino tea plants (Camellia sinensis) with high theanine accumulation
Authors: Chen Ziping , Lin Shijia , Chen Tingting , Han Mengxue , Yang Tianyuan , Wang Yan , Bao Shilai , Shen Zhougao , Wan Xiaochun , Zhang Zhaoliang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Theanine content is highly correlated with sensory quality and health benefits of tea infusion. The tender shoots of etiolated and albino tea plants contain higher theanine than the normal green tea plants and are valuable materials for high quality green tea processing. However, why these etiolated or albino tea plants can highly accumulate theanine is largely unknown. In this study, we observed an Arabidopsis etiolated mutant hy1–100 (mutation in Haem Oxygenase 1, HO1) that accumulated higher levels of glutamine (an analog of theanine). We therefore identified CsHO1 in tea plants and found CsHO1 is conserved in amino acid sequences and subcellular localization with its homologs in other plants. Importantly, CsHO1 expression in the new shoots was much lower in an etiolated tea plants ‘Huangkui’ and an albino tea plant ‘Huangshan Baicha’ than that in normal green tea plants. The expression levels of CsHO1 were negatively correlated with theanine contents in these green, etiolated and albino shoots. Moreover, CsHO1 expression levels in various organs and different time points were also negatively correlated with theanine accumulation. The hy1–100 was hypersensitive to high levels of theanine and accumulated more theanine under theanine feeding, and these phenotypes were rescued by the expression of CsHO1 in this mutant. Transient knockdown CsHO1 expression in the new shoots of tea plant using antisense oligonucleotides (asODN) increased theanine accumulation. Collectively, these results demonstrated CsHO1 negatively regulates theanine accumulation in tea plants, and that low expression CsHO1 likely contributes to the theanine accumulation in etiolated/albino tea plants.
What every neuropathologist needs to know: condensed protocol work-up for clinical dementia syndromes
Authors: Multz Rachel A , Spencer Callen , Matos Arleen , Ajroud Kaouther , Zamudio Carlos , Bigio Eileen , Mao Qinwen , Medeiros Rose A , Ahrendsen Jared T , Castellani Rudolph J , Flanagan Margaret E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Concerns about the costs associated with autopsy assessment of Alzheimer disease and related dementias according to 2012 NIA-AA Guidelines have been expressed since the publication of those guidelines. For this reason, we designed and validated a Condensed Protocol for the neuropathologic diagnoses of Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change, Lewy Body disease neuropathologic change, as well as chronic microvascular lesions, hippocampal sclerosis of aging, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. In this study, the Condensed Protocol is updated to include frontotemporal lobar degeneration [FTLD] tau (corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Pick disease), FTLD-TDP, and limbic-predominant, age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy. The same 20 brain regions are sampled and processed in 5 tissue cassettes, which reduces reagent costs by approximately 65%. Three board-certified neuropathologists were blinded to the original Northwestern University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Original Protocol neuropathological diagnoses and all clinical history information. The results yielded near uniform agreement with the original comprehensive Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center neuropathologic assessments. Diagnostic sensitivity was not impacted. In summary, our recent results show that our updated Condensed Protocol is also an accurate and less expensive alternative to the comprehensive protocols for the additional neuropathologic diagnoses of FTLD Tau and TDP43 proteinopathies.
Firm Finances and the Spread of COVID-19: Evidence from Nursing Homes
Authors: Begley Taylor A , Weagley Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We find that firms’ financial resources play an important role in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. We study nursing homes—whose residents account for over one-third of all U.S. COVID-19 deaths—at a time when investment in risk mitigation was costly and critical. Facilities with less liquidity and those experiencing more severe cash flow shocks had more cases of COVID-19. The importance of cash flow is further supported by tests exploiting state-level variation in Medicaid reimbursement expansion. Evidence on personal protective equipment supplies suggests a lack of financial resources leads to lower investment in risk mitigation. (JEL G30, G32, I10)
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Impact on Dental Utilization of the Integration of Oral Health in Pediatric Primary Care Through Quality Improvement
Authors: Danesh David O. , Peng Jin , Hammersmith Kimberly J. , Gowda Charitha , Maciejewski Heather , Amini Homa , Wapner Andrew W. , Meyer Beau D. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate child-level dental utilization and expenditure outcomes based on if and where children received fluoride varnish (FV) at quality improvement (QI) medical practices, at non-QI medical practices, at dental practices, or those who never received FV from any practice.

Design:
Retrospective claims-based analysis cohort study.

Setting:
Children with Medicaid insurance through an Ohio pediatric accountable care organization.

Participants:
Children aged 1 to 5 years with 1 or more well-child visits between 2015 and 2017.

Intervention:
FV receipt versus no FV. Among children who received FV, categorized if FV delivered by a QI-participating medical provider, a non-QI-participating medical provider, and a dental provider.

Main Outcome Measure:
Dental claims from 2014 to 2019 were collected for preventive dental visits, caries-related treatment visits, dental general anesthesia (GA) visit, and emergency department visit for a dental problem to examine utilization patterns, expenditures, and dental outcomes.

Results:
The QI group had a significantly higher incidence of preventive dental visits than the dental (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.96) or non-QI groups (IRR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.84-0.88). Compared with the QI group, the non-QI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.6; 95% CI, 2.4-2.9) and dental (aOR = 2.9; 95% CI, 2.6-3.3) groups were significantly more likely to have caries-related treatment visits. The dental group children were significantly more likely to have dental treatment under GA than the QI group (aOR = 5.3; 95% CI, 2.0-14.4).

Conclusions:
Children seen at QI practices appear to have an increased uptake of preventive dental services, which may explain the lower incidence of dental caries visits and GA treatment.
Deep EEG Source Localization via EMD-based fMRI High Spatial Frequency
Authors: Moradi Narges , Goodyear Bradley G. , Sotero Roberto C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBrain imaging with a high-spatiotemporal resolution is crucial for accurate brain-function mapping. Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) are two popular neuroimaging modalities with complementary features that record brain function with high temporal and spatial resolution, respectively. One popular non-invasive way to obtain data with both high spatial and temporal resolutions is to combine the fMRI activation map and EEG data to improve the spatial resolution of the EEG source localization. However, using the whole fMRI map may cause spurious results for the EEG source localization, especially for deep brain regions. Considering the head’s conductivity, deep regions’ sources with low activity are unlikely to be detected by the EEG electrodes at the scalp. In this study, we use fMRI’s high spatial-frequency component to identify the local high-intensity activations that are most likely to be captured by the EEG. The 3D Empirical Mode Decomposition (3D-EMD), a data-driven method, is used to decompose the fMRI map into its spatial-frequency components. Different validation measurements for EEG source localization show improved performance for the EEG inverse-modeling informed by the fMRI’s high-frequency spatial component compared to the fMRI-informed EEG source-localization methods. The level of improvement varies depending on the voxels’ intensity and their distribution. Our experimental results also support this conclusion.
Automated head-fixation training system with high levels of animal participation in psychoacoustic tasks
Authors: Liu Ji , Maximov Kate , Kanold Patrick O. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany animal training paradigms rely on head-fixation. Head-fixation training is typically laborious and can benefit from automation to relieve the workload as well as to reduce the variability in the training outcome. Several groups have reported successful implementations of such systems, but throughput varied greatly across groups. In addition, most studies relied on brief periods head-fixation sessions (≤ 1 minute) to reduce the potential stress on the animal. Here, we report the design of a new system that could achieve head-fixation sessions on the order of minutes with high participation rate from the animal (100%). Throughout the training period, each mouse performed a total of close to 40 minutes of head-fixation training on average on each day and learned common psychoacoustic tasks, i.e., tone detection and tone discrimination. Our system can achieve highly efficient training with minimum idling time, providing an opportunity for combinations with high-end neural recording equipment to achieve maximum training and data collection efficiency.
Dual functions oflabialresolve the Hox logic of chelicerate head segments
Authors: Gainett Guilherme , Klementz Benjamin C. , Blaszczyk Pola O. , Bruce Heather , Patel Nipam , Sharma Prashant P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite an abundance of gene expression surveys, comparatively little is known about Hox gene function in Chelicerata, with emphasis on the Hox logic of the anterior prosomal segments, which bear the mouthparts. Previous investigations of individual paralogs oflabial(lab) andDeformed(Dfd) in the spiderParasteatoda tepidariorumhave shown that these play a role in tissue maintenance of the pedipalpal segment (labial-1) and in patterning the first walking leg identity (Deformed-1), respectively. However, broader extrapolations of these data points across chelicerates are hindered by the existence of duplicated copies of Hox genes in arachnopulmonates (e.g., spiders and scorpions), which have resulted from an ancient whole genome duplication event. Here, we investigated the function of single-copy orthologs oflabin the harvestmanPhalangium opilio, an exemplar of a lineage that was not subject of this whole genome duplication. Embryonic RNAi againstlabresulted in homeotic transformations of pedipalps to chelicerae, as well as reduction and fusion of the pedipalpal segment with adjacent segments. To test for combinatorial function, we performed double knockdown oflabandDfd, which results in homeotic transformation of both pedipalps and first walking legs into cheliceral identity, whereas the second walking leg is transformed into a pedipalpal identity. Taken together, these results elucidate a model for the Hox logic of head segments in Chelicerata. To substantiate the validity of this model, we additionally performed expression surveys for duplicated copies oflabandDfdin scorpions and horseshoe crabs, toward understanding the genetic basis of a heteronomous prosoma. We show that repetition of morphologically similar appendages is correlated with uniform expression levels of the Hox geneslabandDfd, irrespective of the number of gene copies.