bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic effects of iron levels on liver injury and risk of liver diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Kai , Yang Fangkun , Zhang Pengcheng , Yang Yang , Jiang Li 
Published: September 2022

Background and aimsAlthough iron homeostasis has been associated with liver function in many observational studies, the causality in this relationship remains unclear. By using Mendelian Randomization analyses, we aimed to evaluate the genetic effects of increased systemic iron levels on the risk of liver injury and various liver diseases. Moreover, in light of the sex-dependent iron regulation in human beings, we further estimated the sex-specific effect of iron levels in liver diseases.MethodsIndependent single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with systemic iron status (including four indicators) at the genome-wide significance level from the Genetics of Iron Status (GIS) Consortium were selected as instrumental variables. Summary data for six liver function biomarkers and five liver diseases were obtained from the UK Biobank, the Estonian Biobank, the eMERGE network, and FinnGen consortium. Mendelian Randomization assessment of the effect of iron on liver function and liver diseases was conducted.ResultsGenetically predicted iron levels were positively and significantly associated with an increased risk of different dimensions of liver injury. Furthermore, increased iron status posed hazardous effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Sex-stratified analyses indicated that the hepatoxic role of iron might exist in NAFLD and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis development among men. No significantly causal relationship was found between iron status and viral hepatitis.ConclusionOur study adds to current knowledge on the genetic role of iron in the risk of liver injury and related liver diseases, which provides clinical and public health implications for liver disease prevention as iron status can be modified.
The Impact of Malignancy on Assisted Reproductive Outcomes for Cancer Survivors: A Retrospective Case–Control Study
Authors: Li Yuehong , Cai Xuefen , Dong Binhua , Wang Qi , Yang Xiaohui , Yu Aili , Wei Huijuan , Ke Zhanghong , Sun Pengming , Zheng Beihong , Sun Yan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundRelated studies have shown that it is safe for cancer patients to undergo assisted reproduction. However, studies on whether a history of cancer affects long-term reproductive outcomes in women who undergo assisted reproductive technology (ART) are scarce. In this study, we evaluated the long-term reproductive outcomes of patients with malignant tumors undergoing ART treatment and explored the impact of malignancy history on ART outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed the clinical outcomes of patients with malignant tumors undergoing their first in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles compared with those of age-matched healthy infertile women at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between January 2003 and October 2020. We evaluated ovarian stimulation outcome, the pregnancy rate, the live birth rate, the risk of adverse obstetric outcomes and birth outcomes.ResultsThis study included 59 patients in the cancer group for data analysis who had a history of malignancy. By matching, a total of 118 healthy infertile women were included in the control group. No statistically significant association was found in terms of age, duration of infertility, BMI, or insemination type between the two groups of patients. Thyroid cancer(45.8%) and gynecologic malignancies (44.07%) were the major cancer types in this study. There were statistically significant differences in the antral follicle count (AFC) (12.00 ± 7.86 vs. 14.90 ± 8.71, P=0.033), length of ovarian stimulation (9.98 ± 2.68 vs. 11.42 ± 2.43, P=0.033) and endometrial thickness on the trigger day (10.16 ± 3.11 vs. 10.84 ± 2.17, P&lt;0.001) between the two groups. The total gonadotropin dose, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high-quality embryo rate, blastocyst rate and first-time embryo-transfer (ET) implantation rate were nonsignificantly lower in the cancer group than in the control group (P&gt;0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical pregnancy rate per ET cycle (32% vs. 40.39%, P=0.156), live birth rate per ET cycle (27% vs. 35.96%, P=0.119), miscarriage rate per ET cycle (5% vs. 4.43%, P=0.779), or preterm delivery rate per ET cycle (11.11% vs. 17.80%, P=0.547) between the two groups. Additionally, regression analysis showed that a history of malignancy was not a risk factor for reproductive outcomes.ConclusionsOverall, it is feasible for women with a history of cancer to conceive using ART is feasible and their long-term reproductive outcomes are similar to these of healthy infertile women. A history of cancer does not decrease the number of retrieved oocytes, increase the risk of adverse obstetric outcomes or affect birth outcomes.
Survival nomogram for different grades of gastric cancer patients based on SEER database and external validation cohort
Authors: Hu Lei , Yang Kang , Chen Yue , Sun Chenyu , Wang Xu , Zhu Shaopu , Yang Shiyi , Cao Guodong , Xiong Maoming , Chen Bo 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundInfluencing factors varied among gastric cancer (GC) for different differentiation grades which affect the prognosis accordingly. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to effectively identify the overall survival (OS).MethodsTotally, 9,568 patients with GC were obtained from the SEER database as the training cohort and internal validation cohort. We then retrospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with GC to construct the external validation cohort from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The prognostic factors were integrated into the multivariate Cox regression to construct a nomogram. To test the accuracy of the model, we used the calibration curves, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, C-index, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsRace chemotherapy, tumor size, and other four factors were significantly associated with the prognosis of Grade III GC Patients. On this basis, we developed a nomogram. The discrimination of the nomogram revealed good prognostic accuracy The results of the area under the curve (AUC) calculated by ROC for five-year survival were 0.828 and 0.758 in the training set and external validation cohort, higher than that of the TNM staging system. The calibration plot revealed that the estimated risk was close to the actual risk. DCA also suggested an excellent predictive value of the nomogram. Similar results were obtained in Grade-I and Grade-II GC patients.ConclusionsThe nomogram developed in this study and other findings could help individualize the treatment of GC patients and assist clinicians in their shared decision-making with patients.
Efficacy and safety of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in randomized clinical trials among triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Qi Yihang , Zhang Wenxiang , Jiang Ray , Xu Olivia , Kong Xiangyi , Zhang Lin , Fang Yi , Wang Jingping , Wang Jing 
Published: September 2022

Background: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chemotherapy (CT) is a new strategy to explore cancer treatment in recent years, and it is also practiced in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, several published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported heterogeneous results. We conducted this meta-analysis to yield insights into the efficacy and safety of the combination of ICIs and CT for TNBC patients in both the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings.Method: EMBASE, PUBMED, Cochrane, and www.clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched to determine potential eligible studies from the inception to 20 May 2022. Published RCTs on PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs combined with CT for TNBC patients were included.Result: This meta-analysis included six double-blind RCTs comprising 4,081 TNBC patients treated with PD-1 or PD-L1 ICIs plus CT or placebo plus CT. The combination strategy benefited a better pathologic complete response (pCR) by 29% (RR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.17–1.41; I2 = 0%) and a better progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74–0.90; I2 = 0%) in the neoadjuvant and the adjuvant settings, respectively, especially in PD-L1-positive population (HR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.62–0.81; I2 = 13%). The safety profiles were generally tolerable in both settings but the combination treatment will increase the risk of severe adverse events in the adjuvant setting (RR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.08–1.62, I2 = 0%). Additionally, the combination will increase the risk of any-grade hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, pneumonia, and rash in the adjuvant setting, and the risk of any-grade hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, infusion-related reactions, and severe cutaneous reactions in the neoadjuvant setting.Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated a significant pCR benefit and confirms the PFS benefit with PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs plus CT in TNBC patients with tolerable safety events in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings.
How to balance valuable innovation with affordable access to medicines in Belgium?
Authors: Simoens Steven , Abdallah Khadidja , Barbier Liese , Lacosta Teresa Barcina , Blonda Alessandra , Car Elif , Claessens Zilke , Desmet Thomas , De Sutter Evelien , Govaerts Laurenz , Janssens Rosanne , Lalova Teodora , Moorkens Evelien , Saesen Robbe , Schoefs Elise , Vandenplas Yannick , Van Overbeeke Eline , Verbaanderd Ciska , Huys Isabelle 
Published: September 2022

Background: Countries are struggling to provide affordable access to medicines while supporting the market entry of innovative, expensive products. This Perspective aims to discuss challenges and avenues for balancing health care system objectives of access, affordability and innovation related to medicines in Belgium (and in other countries).Methods: This Perspective focuses on the R&amp;D, regulatory approval and market access phases, with particular attention to oncology medicines, precision medicines, orphan medicines, advanced therapies, repurposed medicines, generics and biosimilars. The authors conducted a narrative review of the peer-reviewed literature, of the grey literature (such as policy documents and reports of consultancy agencies), and of their own research.Results: Health care stakeholders need to consider various initiatives for balancing innovation with access to medicines, which relate to clinical and non-clinical outcomes (e.g. supporting the conduct of pragmatic clinical trials, treatment optimisation and patient preference studies, optimising the use of real-world evidence in market access decision making), value assessment (e.g. increasing the transparency of the reimbursement system and criteria, tailoring the design of managed entry agreements to specific types of uncertainty), affordability (e.g. harnessing the role of generics and biosimilars in encouraging price competition, maximising opportunities for personalising and repurposing medicines) and access mechanisms (e.g. promoting collaboration and early dialogue between stakeholders including patients).Conclusion: Although there is no silver bullet that can balance valuable innovation with affordable access to medicines, (Belgian) policy and decision makers should continue to explore initiatives that exploit the potential of both the on-patent and off-patent pharmaceutical markets.
Potential effects of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruits extract against obsessive-compulsive disorder in marble burying and nestlet shredding behavior mice models
Authors: Jeyabalan Srikanth , Bala Logeshwari , Subramanian Kavimani , Jabaris Sugin Lal , Sekar Mahendran , Wong Ling Shing , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Chidambaram Kumarappan , Gan Siew Hua , Mat Rani Nur Najihah Izzati , Begum M. Yasmin , Safi Sher Zaman , Selvaraj Siddharthan , Al Fatease Adel , Alamri Ali , Vijeepallam Kamini , Fuloria Shivkanya , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Djearamane Sinouvassane 
Published: September 2022

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and complex psychiatric disorder that usually includes both obsessions and compulsions. Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) is a functional food and it is a well-known plant due to its potential therapeutic effects on human health in many disorders including neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of M. citrifolia fruits extract (MCFE) against obsessive-compulsive disorder using the marble burying and nestlet shredding behavior mice models. In addition, brain neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), serotonin and noradrenaline (NA) were also assessed. Five mice were placed in each of the different groups, and the treatment was given to the animals for a period of 15 days. The marble burying test was evaluated for 30 min on days 1, 7, and 14 while the nestlet shredding test was evaluated for 60 min on days 2, 8, and 15. Treatments with MCFE (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improved in both behavior tasks when compared to the control group. In addition, diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and fluoxetine (15 mg/kg, p.o.) were also significantly improved in both tasks when compared with the control mice. Further locomotor activity study revealed that MCFE and fluoxetine did not affect the locomotor functions when compared to vehicle treated mice. In contrast, diazepam significantly decreased locomotion when compared to the control group. The significant amelioration of biogenic amines were observed in the MCFE-treated animals with increased serotonin levels. The histopathology of the brain, liver, and kidney tissues after MCFE administration revealed normal morphological structure with no signs of toxicity or abnormalities. All these results together suggest that MCFE can be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of OCD. Future research should focus on theidentification and the anti-compulsive activity of the constituents from M. citrifolia.
Investigation on the efficiency of Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection with chemotherapy for treating malignant pleural effusion: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Shi Rui , Wu Zhishan , Wang Haojia , Zhang Jingyuan , Zhang Fanqin , Stalin Antony , Chen Meilin , Huang Jiaqi , Zhai Yiyan , Zhang Qianqian , Liu Pengyun , Wu Jiarui , Sun Bin , Wu Chunfang 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Systematic evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection (BJOEI) in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion (MPE).Methods: The study searched CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science database and retrieved randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of MPE with BJOEI in combination with chemotherapy from seven electronic databases from inception to 31 March 2022. Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed using Revman 5.4 and Stata 13.0 software.Results: Ultimately, 30 RCTs with 2035 patients were included, including 1002 cases in the control group and 1033 cases in the treatment group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the overall efficacy rate of BJOEI combined with chemotherapy was higher in the treatment of MPE compared with chemotherapy alone (RR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.36–1.54, p &lt; 0.00001). And it could improve the Karnofsky (KPS) score (RR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.41–1.68, p &lt; 0.00001), reduce adverse reactions such as fever (RR = 0.82, 95%CI:0.60–1.12), chest pain (RR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.67–1.21), gastrointestinal reactions (RR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.57–0.87, p &lt; 0.005), and leukopenia (RR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.43–0.61, p &lt; 0.00001).Conclusion: BJOEI combined with chemotherapy has better clinical efficacy than chemotherapy alone in the treatment of MPE. It can further improve KPS score, improve patients’ quality of life, and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. However, the conclusions of this study need to be confirmed by further randomized, double-blind, controlled trials with large sample size, reasonable design, and strict implementation.
Immunological and hemato-biochemical effects on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to dexamethasone
Authors: Sayed Alaa El-Din H. , Taher Hesham , Soliman Hamdy A. M. , Salah El-Din Alaa El-Din 
Published: September 2022

Dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) was recently shown to be a life-saving drug for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 disease. Water and sediments can be contaminated by sewage treatment plants when this product is widely used. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of dexamethasone as pharmaceutical residue on Clarias gariepinus, following exposure and post-exposure recovery on blood biochemical, antioxidant, and cytokine markers. Three experimental groups were examined. Control, fish exposed to 0.3 mg/L of dexamethasone, and fish exposed to 3 mg/L of dexamethasone for 7 days, followed by a 15-days recovery period. Hematological indices, such as red blood cell number, hemoglobin (Hb), platelets, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and large lymphocytes, were significantly declined following the exposure to dexamethasone compared to control. In contrast, hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume, monocytes, small lymphocytes, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin increased significantly depending on the dose–concentration. Liver and kidney functions, other biochemical parameters (albumin and globulin), cortisol, and cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) concentrations increased significantly after exposure to dexamethasone compared to control. Antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase enzymes were significantly decreased in catfish treated with dexamethasone cumulatively with doses. After a recovery period, blood biochemical, antioxidant, and cytokine markers were still elevated compared with the control group. In conclusion, dexamethasone at concentrations present in water bodies causes deleterious effects on blood biomarkers, biochemical, and antioxidant as well as immune upregulation in catfish until after depuration period.
Identification of a biomarker and immune infiltration in perivascular adipose tissue of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Wang Xuming , He Bin , Deng Yisen , Liu Jingwen , Zhang Zhaohua , Sun Weiliang , Gao Yanxiang , Liu Xiaopeng , Zhen Yanan , Ye Zhidong , Liu Peng , Wen Jianyan 
Published: September 2022

Objective:Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) refers to unusual permanent dilation of the abdominal aorta, and gradual AAA expansion can lead to fatal rupture. However, we lack clear understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. The effect of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on vascular functional status has attracted increasing attention. Here, we try to identify the potential mechanisms linking AAA and PVAT.Methods:We downloaded dataset GSE119717, including 30 dilated AAA PVAT samples and 30 non-dilated aorta PVAT samples from AAA cases, from Gene Expression Omnibus to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We performed pathway enrichment analysis by Metascape, ClueGo and DAVID to annotate PVAT functional status according to the DEGs. A protein-protein interaction network, the support vector machine (SVM)-recursive feature elimination and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model were constructed to identify feature genes. Immune infiltration analysis was explored by CIBERSORT. And the correlation between feature gene and immune cells was also calculated. Finally, we used the angiotensin II (Ang II)-ApoE−/− mouse model of AAA to verify the effect of feature gene expression by confirming protein expression using immunohistochemistry and western blot.Results:We identified 22 DEGs, including 21 upregulated genes and 1 downregulated gene. The DEGs were mainly enriched in neutrophil chemotaxis and IL-17 signaling pathway.FOSwas identified as a good diagnostic feature gene (AUC = 0.964). Immune infiltration analysis showed a higher level of T cells follicular helper, activated NK cells, Monocytes, activated Mast cells in AAA group. AndFOSwas correlated with immune cells. Immunohistochemistry and western blot confirmed higherFOSexpression in PVAT of the AAA mouse model compared to control group.Conclusion:The differentially expressed genes and pathways identified in this study provide further understanding of how PVAT affects AAA development. FOS was identified as the diagnostic gene. There was an obvious difference in immune cells infiltration between normal and AAA groups.
Psychological capital has a positive correlation with humanistic care ability among nurses
Authors: Liu Xiaohong , Li Cuiping , Yan Xiaoting , Shi Bingqing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWith the improvement in health awareness, humanistic care ability of nurses has become a focus of public attention. The aim of the study was to confirm the relationship between psychological capital and humanistic care ability of nurses, and to provide suggestions on improving the humanistic care ability of nurses.MethodsA cross-section survey was conducted. Three hundred thirty-nine nurses were recruited from a tertiary general hospital in Taizhou, China. Psychological capital and humanistic care ability were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. Correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were performed to analyze the correlation between psychological capital and humanistic care ability.ResultsThe psychological capital and humanistic care ability scores were 91.57 ± 13.96 and 189.08 ± 20.37, respectively. Differences in psychological capital scores across professional titles (F = 4.88, p = 0.01), departments (F = 3.69, p &lt; 0.001), years of work (F = 4.68, p &lt; 0.001), and marital status (t = 3.25, p &lt; 0.001) were statistically significant. There were statistical differences for the humanistic care ability scores among nurses based on marital status (p = 0.01). The total psychological capital scores and the four sub-dimensions scores were positively correlated with the humanistic care ability scores among nurses. Self-efficacy was the main predictor of nurses’ humanistic care ability.ConclusionPsychological capital positively affected the humanistic care ability of nurses. Self-efficacy was the main predictor of humanistic care ability. Nursing managers can formulate strategies from the perspective of positive psychology to improve humanistic care ability of nurses.