bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of MG‐ADL in myasthenia gravis clinical research and care
Authors: Muppidi Srikanth , Silvestri Nicholas J. , Tan Robin , Riggs Kimberly , Leighton Trevor , Phillips Glenn A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Living (MG‐ADL) scale is an 8‐item patient‐reported scale that measures myasthenia gravis (MG) symptoms and functional status. The objective of the current review is to summarize the psychometric properties of the MG‐ADL and published evidence of MG‐ADL use. A targeted literature review for published studies of the MG‐ADL was conducted using a database and gray literature search. A total of 48 publications and 35 clinical trials were included. Studies indicated that the MG‐ADL is a reliable and valid measure that has been used as an outcome in clinical trials and observational studies to measure MG symptoms and response to treatment. While most often used as a secondary endpoint in clinical trials, its use as a primary endpoint has increased in recent years. The most common MG‐ADL endpoint is change in MG‐ADL score from baseline, although there has been an increase in the analysis of a responder threshold using the MG‐ADL. A new concept of minimal symptom expression (MSE) has emerged more recently. Duration of treatment effect is another important construct that is being increasingly evaluated using the MG‐ADL. The use of the MG‐ADL as a primary endpoint in clinical trials and in responder threshold analyses to indicate treatment improvement has increased in recent years. MSE using the MG‐ADL shows promise in helping to determine success of treatment and may be the aspirational goal of MG treatment for the future once validated, particularly given the evolving treatment landscape in MG.
Female Sex Ratio Bias in Extended Growth Hatchery Walleye Fingerlings Produced in Wisconsin
Authors: Sass Greg G. , Shaw Stephanie L. , Gorne Jeremiah A. , Godard Danielle , Nietlisbach Nicole , Giehtbrock David , Sikora Angelena , Muench Gary , Tate Lori , Wawronowicz Larry , Hsu Hui-Min 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sex differentiation in teleost fish is complex and often dictated by genetics, environmental conditions, and population density during critical embryonic/larval development periods. Walleye Sander vitreus have a long propagation and stocking history, and sex ratios of hatchery-reared Walleye have been variable, typically skewed towards males, and potentially influenced by temperature. In contrast to previous fry and small fingerling Walleye stocking in Wisconsin water bodies, the Wisconsin Walleye Initiative of 2013 focused on the production of extended growth Walleye fingerlings (EGW) stocked out in fall under the assumption of greater survivorship and in response to observed declines in Walleye natural recruitment. Observed sex ratios of adult Walleye in a stocked northern Wisconsin lake chain were suggestive of EGW sex ratios skewed towards females. This lake chain has been under rehabilitation and an aggressive EGW stocking regime due to prolonged Walleye natural recruitment failures. To test whether imbalances in EGW were occurring, we collected 30 EGW from one Wisconsin hatchery in 2019 and about 50 EGW from each of three Wisconsin hatcheries in 2020 to histologically determine sex ratios. In 2019, EGW were about 97% female. In 2020, the percentage of females in hatchery samples ranged from 60% to 100%. Nonfemales in 2019 and 2020 were all undifferentiated. Our results suggest that EGW raised in Wisconsin under similar incubation and rearing protocols may be skewed towards females. If sex ratios of EGW are skewed towards females, the use of EGW may hinder efforts to rehabilitate natural recruitment. A deductive experimental and observational framework will be used to test for mechanism(s) influencing the high percentage of females in the hatchery product to inform protocols to better balance sex ratios.
Environmental Cues of Spawning Migration into a Confined Wetland by Northern Pike and Common Carp in Lake Erie: Identifying Fine-Scale Patterns
Authors: Stott Nathan , Miner Jeffrey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Restoration of wetlands in the Laurentian Great Lakes is designed to improve numerous ecosystem services including nutrient sequestration, support recreational uses, augment waterfowl habitat, and provide spawning and nursery habitat for fish. These projects often use Northern Pike Esox lucius, as a sentinel species for assessing restoration success because of their obligate use of emergent and submergent vegetation by the early life stages. However, invasive species such as Common Carp Cyprinus carpio also utilize these habitats and can have negative effects. Thus, fostering the use of these wetlands by Northern Pike and limiting access by invasive carp is a common restoration management concern. Using a dual frequency sonar system to observe fish migration in a recently connected Lake Erie coastal wetland, we were able to identify fine-scale environmental correlates to immigration by each species during early spring. Both species overwhelmingly migrated during daylight hours and against the flow of water that was generated through seiche-driven water oscillations. However, Northern Pike predominantly immigrated during the initial increase in water temperature immediately after ice-out; Common Carp also began to enter the wetland at low temperatures shortly after ice-out, but immigration exhibited a slow exponentially increasing pattern, such that the primary immigration timing differed by almost 30 d. Thus, we demonstrate common fine-scale spawning migration patterns (i.e., water oscillation effects and time of day) for both species and reinforce the temperature-correlated differences in spawning migration. Using these results could enable managers of connected wetlands to more precisely and dynamically manage habitat accessibility for desired species like Northern Pike while better regulating invasive Common Carp spawning migration and use of these systems.
Lower bound limit analysis for an axisymmetric problem in rock mass using power cone programming
Authors: Rahaman Obaidur , Kumar Jyant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBy using the lower bound finite elements limit analysis (LB‐FELA) and the power cone programming (PCP), a methodology has been introduced to solve an axisymmetric stability problem with the usage of the generalized Hoek and Brown (GHB) yield criterion‐ applicable for rock mass. The formulation involves the application of the GHB yield criterion in its native form without any smoothing and it does not require any assumption associated with the circumferential stress (σθ). The efficacy of the proposed formulation in a rock mass has been demonstrated by determining (i) the bearing capacity of a circular footing, (ii) the stability numbers for an unsupported vertical cylindrical excavation, and (iii) the vertical uplift capacity of a circular horizontal anchor. The obtained solutions have been compared with that reported in literature. Failure patterns for each problem have also been explored. For the anchor problem, for no solution is reported with the usage of the GHB criterion, the influences of different material yield parameters (GSI, mi, and σci), unit weight of rock mass (γ), and the embedment ratio (H/B) of the anchor on the uplift capacity have been comprehensively examined.
International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for sexual health in men with lower urinary tract (LUT) and pelvic floor (PF) dysfunction
Authors: Kocjancic Ervin , Chung Eric , Garzon Joaquin Alvarez , Haylen Bernard , Iacovelli Valerio , Jaunarena Jorge , Locke Jennifer , Millman Alexandra , Nahon Irmina , Ohlander Samuel , Pang Ran , Plata Mauricio , Acar Omer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe terminology for sexual health in men with lower urinary tract (LUT) and pelvic floor (PF) dysfunction has not been defined and organized into a clinically based consensus terminology report. The aim of this terminology report is to provide a definitional document within this context that will assist clinical practice and research.MethodsThis report combines the input of the members of sexual health in men with LUT and PF Dysfunction working group of the International Continence Society (ICS), assisted at intervals by external referees. Appropriate core clinical categories and a sub‐classification were developed to give coding to definitions. An extensive process of 18 rounds of internal and external review was involved to exhaustively examine each definition, with decision‐making by collective opinion (consensus). The Committee retained evidence‐based definitions, identified gaps, and updated or discarded outdated definitions. Expert opinions were used when evidence was insufficient or absent.ResultsA terminology report for sexual health in men with LUT and PF dysfunction, encompassing 198 (178 NEW) separate definitions, has been developed. It is clinically based with the most common diagnoses defined. Clarity and user‐friendliness have been key aims to make it interpretable by practitioners and trainees in all the different speciality groups involved. Conservative and surgical managements are major additions and appropriate figures have been included to supplement and clarify the text. Emerging concepts and measurements, in use in the literature and offering further research potential, but requiring further validation, have been included as an appendix. Interval (5–10 years) review is anticipated to keep the document updated.ConclusionA consensus‐based terminology report for sexual health in men with LUT and PF dysfunction has been produced to aid clinical practice and research. The definitions that have been adopted are those that are most strongly supported by the literature at this time or are considered clinical principles or consensus of experts' opinions.
The effectiveness of lamotrigine for persistent depressive disorder: A case report
Authors: Matsuzaka Yusuke , Urashima Kayoko , Sakai Shintaro , Morimoto Yoshiro , Kanegae Shinji , Kinoshita Hirohisa , Imamura Akira , Ozawa Hiroki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimPersistent depressive disorder (PDD) was first introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM‐5), which encompasses numerous different conditions, including dysthymia, recurrent major depressive disorder, double depression, and chronic major depression. SSRIs are the first‐line drugs for treatment of PDD; however, not all patients respond to SSRI treatment.Case presentationWe describe a woman who was diagnosed with PDD. At the age of 38, the patient presented with anxiety, reduced energy, marked tiredness, and sleep disturbances. She was prescribed with three antidepressants (paroxetine, duloxetine, and mirtazapine), which were not effective in relieving her symptoms. She was also prescribed bromazepam, which was also not effective. Subsequently, she was switched to lamotrigine, which resulted in a marked improvement in symptoms. The antidepressants and bromazepam were gradually tapered and discontinued.ConclusionThis case demonstrates that lamotrigine may be effective for treating patients with antidepressant resistant PDD and suggests that it may be a promising alternative to combination therapy of antidepressants and benzodiazepines in the treatment of PDD.
Accelerated identification algorithms for rational models based on the vector transformation
Authors: Pu Yan , Chen Jing , Yang Yongqing , Zhu Quanmin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn accelerated algorithm, termed as Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization gradient‐based iterative algorithm, is proposed for rational models in this article. The algorithm can obtain the optimal parameter estimates in one iteration for the reason that the information vectors obtained by using the vector transformation are independent of each other. Compared to the least squares algorithm and the traditional gradient‐based iterative algorithm, the proposed algorithm does not require the matrix inversion and eigenvalue calculation, thus it can be applied to nonlinear systems with complex structures or large‐scale systems. Since the information vector of the rational models contains the latest output that is correlated with the noise, a bias‐compensated Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization gradient‐based iterative algorithm is introduced, by which the unbiased parameter estimates can be obtained. Two simulated examples are applied to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Thermal, morphological and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced star‐branched polyamide 6
Authors: Wang Chunhua , Zhang Yingwei , Yi Yong , Lai Dengwang , Yang Jun , Wang Wenzhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUsing star‐branched polyamide 6 (SPA6) with hexafunctional cyclotriphosphazene core as a matrix resin and glass fiber (GF) as a reinforcing material, star‐branched polyamide 6/glass fiber (SPA6/GF) composites with different GF content were prepared by melt‐compounding method. The star‐branched structure of SPA6 and GF content have great effects on the properties of SPA6/GF composites. Compared with linear polyamide 6 (LPA6), SPA6 with star‐branched structure has low viscosity, high melt flowability and good impregnation and adhesion to GF, which endow SPA6/GF composites outstanding processability, good surface qualities and excellent mechanical properties even when the content of GF reaches 60 wt%. The use of SPA6 resin with star‐branched structure fundamentally solves the industry problem of traditional LPA6 resin in high‐filled modification. Such high‐performance SPA6/GF composites will provide great promise for large‐scale applications.
Study on cutting force and induced thermal damage of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites using microscopic simulation modeling
Authors: Xiao Jianzhang , Wang Guifeng , Su Hang , Huang Pengcheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA three‐dimensional (3D) microscopic finite element (FE) cutting model was developed with the thermo‐mechanical coupling for carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in this article. The model predictions of cutting force, machined surface, and cutting temperature at various fiber orientations were obtained and compared with the experimental data. It was shown that the 3D microscopic cutting model can predict the cutting force, cutting temperature, and subsurface damage precisely. The behavior of cutting force has presented an obviously cyclical variation characteristics at the fiber orientations of 0°, 45°, and 90°, and different chip morphologies were obtained correspondingly. The temperature fields of machined surface were studied at the four different fiber orientations, in which the maximum residual temperature on the machined surface occurs at 90°. The heat‐induced resin coating and resin ridges on the machined surface were obviously observed at the fiber orientations of 45° and 135°. The trend curve of cutting temperature is more similar with that of thrust force by comparing with cutting force, which meaning, unlike the isotropic metal materials, the thrust force has the direct effect on the heat generation. In addition, the comparison of depth of thermal and mechanical subsurface damage was also performed, it was showed that the depths of thermal subsurface damage are close to that of mechanical subsurface damage in the range of 0°–45°, and the thermal subsurface damage decrease while the mechanical subsurface damage increases with the increase of the fiber orientation range from 90° to 180°.
Impact of introducing cell‐free DNA screening into clinical care on first trimester ultrasound
Authors: Doulaveris Georgios , Igel Catherine M. , Estrada Trejo Fatima , Fiorentino Desiree , Rabin‐Havt Sara , Klugman Susan , Dar Pe'er 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveFirst‐trimester ultrasound is an important component of prenatal care. We investigated the impact of introducing cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) aneuploidy screening into routine care, on performance of first‐trimester ultrasound.MethodsRetrospective study of patients who had prenatal care at a tertiary referral center. We compared the performance of any first‐trimester ultrasound between three different aneuploidy screening protocols, used consecutively during the study period: (1) combined first‐trimester screening (FTS); (2) FTS and cfDNA offered together; (3) patients requested to choose between FTS and cfDNA. Secondary outcomes included performance of nuchal translucency (NT), aneuploidy screens and diagnostic genetic procedures.ResultsThe number of patients undergoing first‐trimester ultrasound remained similar with the second protocol but decreased in the third (68.7% vs. 40.9%, OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.25–0.4, p < 0.001). Diagnostic procedures decreased between protocol 1 and 2 (7.6% vs. 4.4%, OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37–0.93, p = 0.02) while NT scans decreased between protocol 2 and 3 (6.8% vs. 1.3%, OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.09–0.4, p < 0.001). The rate of FTS decreased over the study period and less women had cfDNA when they had to choose one method (p < 0.001).ConclusionsIntroducing cfDNA screening as an alternative to FTS, resulted in fewer patients receiving ultrasound in the first‐trimester.
Adjustment of young women with breast cancer after chemotherapy: A mediation model of emotional competence via emotional distress
Authors: Baudry Anne‐Sophie , Yakimova Sonya , Congard Anne , Untas Aurélie , Guiu Séverine , Lefeuvre‐Plesse Claudia , Loustalot Catherine , Guillemet Cécile , Segura‐Djezzar Carine , Savoye Aude‐Marie , Coussy Florence , Frenel Jean‐Sébastien , Vanlemmens Laurence , Christophe Véronique 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveEmotional competence (EC) is considered a substantial resource in the adjustment of cancer patients, especially via its effect on anxiety and depression symptoms. This research aimed at assessing the impact of intrapersonal EC in young women (≤45 years) with breast cancer (YWBC) on their specific quality of life (i.e. subjective experience related to daily difficulties and perceived repercussions of the disease and treatments) related to chemotherapy, via anxiety and depression symptoms.MethodsTwo hundred fifty YWBC from 24 French centers completed a self‐reported questionnaire after diagnosis (T1) and after the chemotherapy phase (T2), comprising the Young Women Breast Cancer Inventory, the Profile of EC and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The indirect effect of EC (T1) on subjective experience (T2) via anxiety and depression symptoms (T2) was tested using regressions and the Macro PROCESS.ResultsEmotional competence predicted fewer anxiety and depression symptoms at T1 and T2, and a better subjective experience at T2 via fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. Depression symptoms appeared to be a stronger mediator than anxiety symptoms on four dimensions (Support from close relatives, feeling of couple cohesion, body image and sexuality, management of children and everyday life), whereas anxiety symptoms appeared to be a stronger mediator on two dimensions (negative affectivity and apprehension about the future, deterioration of relationships).ConclusionsThese results support the importance of developing psycho‐affective interventions to reinforce the EC of YWBC during chemotherapy in order to facilitate the cognitive and emotional processes necessary for a better adjustment and subjective experience.
Emamectin benzoate as a potential molluscicide against white garden snail, Theba pisana in association with biochemical defects
Authors: Gad Amira F 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe white garden snail, Theba pisana, is distributed worldwide and is a serious molluscan pest of different crops. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) ‘an avermectin derivative’ is a novel biorational agent and highly effective pesticide. This study focused on the lethal and in vivo sublethal toxic effect of EMB on the energy reserves (glycogen, lipids and proteins), total energy reserves and activities of glutathione S‐transferase (GST), γ‐glutamyl transferase (γ‐GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the hepatopancreas of T. pisana for up to 7 days of exposure.RESULTSThe median lethal dose (LD50) at 48 h of EMB treatment was 5.34 μg g−1 body weight (b.w.). Sublethal doses of 1.07 and 3.20 μg g−1 b.w. (i.e., 20% and 60% of the LD50) led to significant dose‐ and time‐dependent decreases in glycogen and lipids; these doses increased the total protein level. Overall, the tested sublethal doses significantly decreased the total energy reserves. Moreover, GST and γ‐GT activities were elevated, whereas the activities of AST and ALT were inhibited in the exposed snails. A decrease in LDH activity after 1 and 3 days of exposure and an increase after 7 days of exposure were seen in snails treated with EMB.CONCLUSIONEMB exerted lethal toxicity on T. pisana and consequently caused changes in energy reserve levels and enzyme activities in the animal. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Statistical reliability analysis of electronic devices using generalized progressively hybrid censoring plan
Authors: Elshahhat Ahmed , Abu El Azm Wael S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGeneralized progressive hybrid censoring plan proposed to overcome the limitation of the progressive hybrid censoring scheme is that it cannot be applied when very few failures may occur before pre‐specified terminal time . In this paper, the estimating problems of the model parameters, reliability and hazard rate functions of Nadarajah‐Haghighi distribution when a sample is available from generalized progressive hybrid censoring have been considered. The maximum likelihood and Bayes estimators have been obtained for any function of the model parameters. Approximate confidence intervals for the unknown parameters and any function of them are constructed. Using independent gamma informative priors, the Bayes estimators of the unknown parameters are derived under the squared‐error loss function. Two approximation techniques, namely: Lindley approximation method and Metropolis Hastings algorithm have been used to carry out the Bayes estimates and also to construct the associate highest posterior density credible intervals. The performance of the proposed methods are evaluated through a Monte Carlo simulation study. To select the optimum censoring scheme among different competing censoring plans, different optimality criteria have been considered. A real‐life dataset, representing the failure times of electronic devices, is analyzed to demonstrate how the applicability of the proposed methodologies in real phenomenon.
Nonlinear dynamic modeling and model predictive control of thrombin generation to treat trauma‐induced coagulopathy
Authors: Ghetmiri Damon E. , Menezes Amor A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article is motivated by the pressing need to robustly automate clinical interventions for trauma‐induced coagulopathy (TIC). TIC occurs after severe trauma and shock, and has poor outcomes and about 30% mortality. Although modulating the blood proteins that drive TIC can improve patient outcomes, no practical control‐oriented methodology exists to accurately capture biochemical process dynamics and satisfactorily regulate clotting. Hence, we propose a nonlinear dynamic coagulation model that distills the complex biochemical reactions of clotting and also simultaneously generalizes an existing linear phenomenological model. Using our new nonlinear model, we demonstrate the feasibility of model predictive control (MPC) to automate clinical treatments, first in a single‐input case that is similar to current open‐loop clinical practice, and second in a multi‐input case that administers three blood proteins as system inputs to attain satisfactory TIC treatment. The output in both cases is the key clotting protein thrombin. To test robustness, we confirm that both single‐input and multi‐input MPC are suitable for TIC treatment in the presence of an experimentally observed nonlinearity, an unknown state‐dependent power law input delay. Thus, this article provides a strong foundation to transition current open‐loop clinical approaches to closed‐loop process control.