bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurements of the total Radiation from Sun and Sky in India during the IGY
Authors: MANI ANNA , CHACKO O. , VENKITESHWARAN S. P. 
Published: May 2022

A comparative study of the solar radiation and sunshine data recorded during the IGY at four representative stations in India, viz., Delhi, calcutta, Poona and Madras, using Moll- Gorczynski solarimeters, Bellani Spherical Pyranometers and campbell. Stoke.' sunshine recorders has been made, The seasonal and diurnal variation of total radiation from sun and sky on a horizontal surface T at all the four stations is discussed; alsoThe variation n1onth by month of the total radiation from sun, sky and ground on a spherical surface T', and the hours of bright sunshine S, The percentage of annual radiation received in any of the seasons October-January , February-May and June -September is roughly the same de3pite the large variations during the monsoon and winter, Poona receives more radiation than the other stations throughout the year except during the monsoon when it receives the lowest. hile the ratio T/T' varies with the sun's elevation, the seasons and with the nature of the surroundings and is a maximum during the Summ6r and least during the winter, it is nearly constant at all the four stations and has an average value of 2.

The another of Angstrom’s formula giving the empirical relationship between both radiation form sun and sky and the duration of sunshine have been determind for all the four staion for both cloudy and all days using the IGY data.
Werknemersverzoeken: over de maatstaven, een ‘optelsom’ en andere aspecten
Authors: Bemelmans Kayleigh 
Published: May 2022

Werknemersverzoeken: over de maatstaven, een ‘optelsom’ en andere aspecten
In dit artikel staan werknemersverzoeken tot ontbinding van de arbeidsovereenkomst centraal. In een recente beschikking van 21 januari 2022 heeft de Hoge Raad antwoord gegeven op zowel de vraag welke maatstaf door de rechter dient te worden gehanteerd bij de beoordeling van een ontbindingsverzoek van de werknemer, als de vraag welke maatstaf geldt bij de beoordeling of die ontbinding het gevolg is van ernstig verwijtbaar handelen door de werkgever. De auteur gaat in op de vraag welke plaats deze beschikking inneemt binnen het juridisch kader van ontbinding van de arbeidsovereenkomst op verzoek van de werknemer en wat de door de Hoge Raad gegeven maatstaven voor de praktijk betekenen.
Determinan Obesitas Pada Anak SD
Authors: Rukayah Siti 
Published: May 2022

Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013, overweight dan obesitas pada anak umur 5 sampai 12 tahun berturut-turut adalah sebesar 10,8% dan 8,8%. Obesitas disebabkan oleh banyak faktor terutama faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. Di negara yang sedang berkembang, faktor lingkungan sangat berperan dalam masalah obesitas. Obesitas adalah salah satu faktor resiko yang paling signifikan untuk kesehatan fisik dan psikologis. Tulisan ini merupakan review hasil-hasil penelitian obesitas pada anak usia SD dari 10 jurnal penelitian terbitan dari tahun 2010 s.d tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan content analysis dengan kata kunci pencarian adalah obesitas pada anak usia SD. Analisis pertama ditampilkan ringkasan hasil penelitian dari 10 jurnal terpilih. Analisis untuk hasil dilakukan rerata dari variabel dan indikator yang sama. Selanjutnya akan dilakukan analisis hasil secara kualitatif yang belum terakomodasi pada hasil yang dipaparkan. Mayoritas obesitas terjadi pada anak laki-laki, umur < 9 tahun, hanya melakukan aktivitas ringan sampai dengan sedang. Selain itu anak usia SD hanya separuh yang sarapan. Sedangkan pengetahuan tentang obesitas hanya separuh yang tinggi, juga sikap terhadap obesitas fifty-fifty antara yang positif dan negatif. Terkait aktivitas jalan kaki ke sekolah masih rendah dan tidur kurang dari 7 jam masih besar persentasenya. Dan last but not least hobi main smartphone sangat besar persentasenya. Beberapa variabel pemicu terjadinya obesitas anak SD adalah kurangnya aktivitas fisik, uang jajan yang besar, dan hobi bermain gadget.
Dampak Program Bantuan Keuangan Usaha Ekonomi Produktif (UEP) Kepada Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Lanny Jaya
Authors: Sembor Amilien , Riani Ida Ayu Purba , Urip Transna Putra , Aminah Siti 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak program bantuan usaha ekonomi produktif (UEP) mempengaruhi aktifitas perekonomian masyarakat, merubah pola masyarakat dalam mengelola usahanya, meningkatkan produksi masyarakat khususnya dalam bidang usaha ternak (babi dan kelinci), mempengaruhi pendapatan atau penghasilan masyarakat. Serta mengidentifikasi Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat Program pemerintah bantuan keuangan usaha ekonomi produktif (UEP) di Kabupaten Lanny Jaya. Data yang digunakan merupakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data primer bersifat kualitatif yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara yang terhadap pelaku usaha dan pihak pemerintah. Analisis dilakukan menggunaka pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Program UEP berdampak secara Expected Outcome, yaitu menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri masyarakat untuk memulai usaha yang lain disamping bertani dan beternak yaitu usaha kios. Secara Unexpected Outcome yaitu meningkatnya kecakapan personal, kecakapan akademik, kecakapan vokasional dan kecakapan sosial. Dampak lainnya ada perubahan pola masyarakat dalam mengelola usahanya (ternak babi dan ternak kelinci), peningkatan produksi dari usaha masyarakat.dan ada peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat. Faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan program ini adalah adanya fasilitas pinjaman bantuan modal, dukungan dari berbagai pihak yaitu pemerintah desa, Badan BPMK dan masyarakat, sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan program ini adalah konsistensi warga yang belum mau diajak berkembang melalui usaha mandiri, pengalihan fungsi modal yang sempat mengalami kendala.Kata Kunci : Bantuan Keuangan, Usaha Ekonomi Produktif
Cultural Beliefs and Psychosocial Stress Are Unseen Potential Predisposing Factors for Stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa: Reality for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Umunna Nwoha Polycarp , Osita Okoro Florence , Chukwudi Nwoha Emmanuel , Obi Augustine , Oluchi Nwoha Chidinma , Ayoola Iyanu , Christiana Ogoko Nkeiru , Ngozi Nwoha Peace , Idaguko Anna , Wali Catherine , Chinagozi-Amanze Nnenna , H. Nwoha-Okpara Ifeoma 
Published: May 2022

This work considered post-stroke rehabilitation in sub-Saharan Africa, referencing psychosocial stress and wrongful cultural beliefs. Stroke, a neurological disease preventable by lifestyle changes, is increasing at, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). First-ever stroke cases stand the risk of a second, which could be fatal; hence the need for review of post-stroke rehabilitation strategies. In our work on survivors, we noted that most established risk factors do not necessarily apply in SSA. Of the 10 risk factors studied, hypertension was the commonest reported. In our study of 149 survivors in Nigeria, 73.1% suffered from hypertension; only 53.7% were aware of their hypertensive status before stroke incidence. When asked about risk factors, 19.4% mentioned hypertension, 0.7% diabetes mellitus but 13.1% psychological stress, and 13.4% spiritual attack/diabolical; 39.6% had no idea what caused stroke. The findings show the role hypertension, psychological stress and cultural ignorance play in fueling stroke in SSA. Further, 97.3% of survivors were married, 65.1% had 5 to 8 children, engaged in sedentary occupations, trading, farming, civil service, occupations also prone to economic woes in Nigeria. Commonest age of survivors was 60 to 75 years; a period of very stressful life in Nigeria. All these culminate to sustained psychosocial pressures, hypertension and stroke. There is urgent need to reduce psychosocial pressures, correct wrongful cultural beliefs, especially among survivors in sub-Saharan Africa. The strength of this work lies in the observation of lack of awareness and community screening as the most pronounced common variable among the survivors. The place of herbal medicine in post-stroke rehabilitation should be recognised. Of the 117 survivors who visited Bebe Herbal Centre for management, 99.1% were satisfied; 67.5% of them had satisfactory recovery in less than 1 month. Introduction of physiotherapy in Herbal centres would speed up recovery.
Determining an Adequate Number of Principal Components
Authors: L. Sclove Stanley 
Published: May 2022

The problem of choosing the number of PCs to retain is analyzed in the context of model selection, using so-called model selection criteria (MSCs). For a prespecified set of models, indexed by k=1,2,…,K, these model selection criteria (MSCs) take the form MSCk=nLLk+anmk, where, for model k,LLk is the maximum log likelihood, mk is the number of independent parameters, and the constant an is an=lnn for BIC and an=2 for AIC. The maximum log likelihood LLk is achieved by using the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the parameters. In Gaussian models, LLk involves the logarithm of the mean squared error (MSE). The main contribution of this chapter is to show how to best use BIC to choose the number of PCs, and to compare these results to ad hoc procedures that have been used. Findings include the following. These are stated as they apply to the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix, which are between 0 and p and have an average of 1. For considering an additional PCk + 1, with AIC, inclusion of the additional PCk + 1 is justified if the corresponding eigenvalue λk+1 is greater than exp−2/n. For BIC, the inclusion of an additional PCk + 1 is justified if λk+1>n1/n, which tends to 1 for large n. Therefore, this is in approximate agreement with the average eigenvalue rule for correlation matrices, stating that one should retain dimensions with eigenvalues larger than 1.
Potential and functional prediction of six circular RNAs as diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Li yuan , Jiang Dan , Qu Yuliang , Wang Hongxia , Zhang Yanting , Yang Shaoqi , Xie Xiaoliang , Wu Shan , Zhou Haijin , Xu Guangxian 
Published: May 2022

Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered in colorectal cancer (CRC), but there are few reports on the expression distribution and functional mining analysis of circRNAs.

Methods
Differentially expressed circRNAs in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were screened and identified by microarray and qRT-PCR. ROC curves of the six circRNAs were analyzed. A series of bioinformatics analyses on differentially expressed circRNAs were performed.

Results
A total of 207 up-regulated and 357 down-regulated circRNAs in CRC were screened, and three top up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs were chosen to be verified in 33 pairs of CRCs by qRT-PCR. 6 circRNAs showed high diagnostic values (AUC = 0.6860, AUC = 0.8127, AUC = 0.7502, AUC = 0.9945, AUC = 0.9642, AUC = 0.9486 for hsa_circRNA_100833, hsa_circRNA_103828, hsa_circRNA_103831 and hsa_circRNA_103752, hsa_circRNA_071106, hsa_circRNA_102293). A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network (cirReNET) including six candidate circRNAs, 19 miRNAs and 210 mRNA was constructed, and the functions of the cirReNET were predicted and displayed via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses on these mRNAs and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the hub genes acquired by string and CytoHubba.

Conclusion
A cirReNET containing potential diagnostic and predictive indicators of CRCs and several critical circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes (cirReAXEs) in CRC were mined, and may provide a novel route to study the mechanism and clinical targets of CRC.
Realization of Enhanced Long‐Term Visual Memory for Indium–Gallium–Zinc Oxide‐Based Optical Synaptic Transistor
Authors: Kim Dongwoo , Min Won Kyung , Kim Hyung Tae , Chung Jusung , Kim Min Seong , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAmorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide (IGZO)‐based optical synaptic transistor using visible light as the signal that shows a clear difference between long‐term memory (LTM) and short‐term memory (STM) is introduced in this study. However, since oxide semiconductors, including IGZO, do not sense visible light due to their high band gap energy of around 3.0 eV, defects are generated intentionally within IGZO channel layer to enable sensitivity to the visible light by inserting two layers of mesh‐structured titanium dioxide (m‐TiO2) inside the channel layer. Additionally, a layer of thin film‐structured hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is inserted inside the channel to increase the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect. This increased PPC effect causes the device to maintain the current long after the light signal is removed. Therefore, the average difference between LTM and STM is achieved ≈110 times, showing a clear difference between LTM and STM. Additionally, 721% of maximum paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF) is achieved. Thus, the device introduced in this study is believed to lead the coming technology such as interactive appliances including displays and robots.
α‐Aziridinyl Carbenium Ion Intermediate and Stereoselective Dehydroxylative Diarylation of Aziridin‐2‐yl Carboxaldehyde
Authors: Ranjith Jala , Jeong Yeolib , Kim Hyunwoo , Ha Hyun‐Joon 
Published: May 2022

Abstractα‐Aziridinyl carbenium ion as an intermediate was observed for the first time from the reaction of aziridin‐2‐yl arylmethanol with Lewis acid BF3 ⋅ OEt2. This intermediate was further reacted with various nucleophiles including electron‐rich arenes to afford the adducts in highly stereoselective manner as singly isomers. α‐Aziridinyl carbenium ion intermediate was observed spectroscopically as a crucial intermediate, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the origin of stereoselectivity based on thermodynamic preference for the reaction.
Event‐triggered‐based finite‐time cooperative path following control for underactuated multiple marine surface vehicles
Authors: Fu Mingyu , Wang Lulu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper develops an event‐triggered‐based finite‐time cooperative path following (CPF) control scheme for underactuated marine surface vehicles (MSVs) with model parameter uncertainties and unknown ocean disturbances. First, a finite‐time extended state observer (FTESO) is proposed, in which the FTESO can estimate the velocities and compound disturbances in finite time. Then, the finite‐time LOS guidance law based on velocity estimation values is designed to obtain the desired surge velocity and the desired yaw rate. In order to realize the cooperative control of multiple paths in finite time, the cooperative control law for the path variable is designed. In addition, the relative threshold event‐triggered control (ETC) mechanism is incorporated into the formation control algorithm, and an event‐triggered‐based finite‐time CPF controller is designed, which not only effectively reduces the update frequency of controller and the mechanical loss of actuator but also improves the control performance of system. Furthermore, by using homogeneous method, Lyapunov theory, and finite‐time stability theory, it is proved that under the proposed finite‐time CPF control scheme, the formation errors can converge to a small neighborhood around origin in finite time. Finally, numerical simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Dysfunction of goal‐directed control in patients with depression and nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Chen Qi , Liu Meng , Wen Rongzhen , Xu Chuanyong , Wei Zhen , Zhang Wei , Seger Carol A. , Peng Ziwen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is a common problem associated with dangerous outcomes. Dysfunction of goal‐directed behavioral control may contribute to NSSI. To test this, we used a novel experimental paradigm (Pavlovian‐to‐Instrumental Transfer, PIT) to test whether patients with NSSI utilize Pavlovian conditioned stimuli (CSs) during goal‐directed control of ongoing behavior.MethodsThirty‐five depressed patients with NSSI (D‐NSSI) and thirty‐four healthy controls performed a PIT task. We measured the influence of positive and negative background CSs on instrumental responses for rewards.ResultsThe results showed that D‐NSSI performed significantly lower PIT than controls, and PIT measures were negatively correlated with NSSI frequency. Furthermore, in a subset of patients exhibiting high levels of compulsivity, PIT positively moderated the relationship between compulsivity and NSSI frequency.ConclusionsThese results indicate that D‐NSSI patients have difficulties in using different CSs to control ongoing behavior in a goal‐directed manner, and the dysfunction of goal‐directed control may contribute to NSSI.
The making of imperfect indicators for biodiversity: A case study of UK biodiversity performance measurement
Authors: Sobkowiak Madlen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper seeks to understand the process by which biodiversity performance indicators can be developed. In doing so, this paper examines how biodiversity performance measurements are inherently imperfect and reflects on the implications of that imperfectness. Using document analysis and semi‐structured interviews, this research outlines the case of the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and their work in developing biodiversity indicators. Based on the concept of imperfect measurements, this paper outlines the conditions under which imperfect biodiversity indicators can be productive measurements leading to fertile debate and constant improvements, rather than flawed measurements that actors ‘make do’ with. This paper concludes the biodiversity indicators construction process requires a collaboration between a broad set of diverse organisations, including NGOs and research centres. Lastly, this paper outlines the need for ongoing and rigorous review of adopted measurements to reduce the potentially harmful nature of imperfect biodiversity performance measurement.
Untersuchung der Flüssigkeitsverteilung in additiv gefertigten strukturierten Laborpackungen
Authors: Sarajlic Nadin , Stadler Michael , Ashour Mohamed Adel , Neukäufer Johannes , Grützner Thomas , Paschold Jürgen , Knösche Carsten , Klein Harald , Rehfeldt Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZur Untersuchung der Flüssigkeitsverteilung über den Querschnitt an diskreten Stellen entlang einer strukturierten Packung im Labormaßstab wird ein modularer Teststand genutzt. Additiv gefertigte Packungsmodule werden mit Klickverbindungen gestapelt und mit einem gefärbten Lösungsmittel berieselt, wobei die Fließpfade gefärbt zurückbleiben. Der benetzte Querschnitt wird automatisiert optisch ausgewertet. Die reversible Verbindung der Module ermöglicht die wiederholte Durchführung des Versuchs mit identischen Versuchsbedingungen. Der einfache, kostengünstige Aufbau verschafft einen Einblick in die Packungen und generiert schnell Ergebnisse, die zur gezielten Verbesserung von Packungsstrukturen bezüglich ihrer Flüssigkeitsverteilung genutzt werden können.
‘You are trying to teach us to think more slowly!’: Adapting Metacognitive Training for the acute care setting—A case report
Authors: Fischer Rabea , Scheunemann Jakob , Bohlender Alison , Duletzki Patric , Nagel Matthias , Moritz Steffen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPsychological group interventions for the acute inpatient care setting are scarce. Whereas Metacognitive Training for patients with Psychosis (MCT) provides a widely accessible, easy‐to‐implement intervention for patients with mild to moderate symptoms, it is less adequate for the acute care setting with respect to length and density of information. We present the adaptation process and the resulting adaptation of MCT, MCT‐Acute, for the acute inpatient care setting. We report the case of a first patient, NK, who participated in MCT‐Acute during her mandated stay on the locked acute ward due to an exacerbation of schizophrenia. NK participated in MCT‐Acute 12 times, evaluated the training overall as positive and reported that she used exercises she had learned during training to improve her mood. She also described changing her behaviour in everyday life to think more slowly and make less hasty decisions, which is a central topic discussed in MCT and MCT‐Acute. Conducting an adapted version of MCT in the acute care setting is feasible, and the present case report suggests that MCT‐Acute may be a useful complement to a multidisciplinary treatment plan to stabilize patients with severe mental illness in acute inpatient care.
Clinical practice of precision medicine in lymphoma
Authors: Ji Lili , Hua Fanli , Wu Yu , Qiao Tiankui , Gu Jianying , Zhang Xiaohui , Liu Peng , Li Feng , Cheng Yunfeng 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundLymphoma is the most common malignancy in blood system. There are still unmet treatment needs in Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma.Materials & MethodsWe searched reviews and clinical trials on genetic medicine of lymphoma in Pubmed, the prevelance of lymphoma in Pubmed as well as SEER.ResultsGenetic analysis helps the practice in lymphoma. For some molecules have become diagnostic markers in some subtypes of lymphoma. Some genetic disorder could forecast the prognosis. Besides, new target drug could be chosen as individual treatment according to the genetic changes in lymphoma cells.ConclusionPrecision medicine has shown promising future in the field of lymphoma.
Lipids and genes: Regulatory roles of lipids in RNA expression
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Han Xianlin , Powell Charles A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNuclear lipid metabolism and metabolites play important roles in regulation of lipid–lipid, lipid–gene, lipid–chromatin, lipid–membrane and lipid–protein interactions to maintain the nuclear microenvironment, three‐dimensional chromatin architecture, gene expression and transcription and biological function. This Editorial highlights the value of lipid–gene interaction in the identification and development of biomarkers and targets and emphasizes the significance of inter‐regulation between lipids and genes in innovation and application of precise therapies for patients. Regulatory functions of nuclear lipid dynamics and biophysics modify transcriptomic expression, and modification (lipotranscriptome) can be a new approach for discovery and development of disease‐specific diagnoses and therapies, although there are several challenges to be overcome. Better understanding of how lipid‐based changes of nuclear functions and transcriptomic profiles modify clinical phenomes will provide new insights to understand molecular mechanisms of diseases and to develop spatiotemporal molecular medicine diagnostics and therapeutics.
A stitch in time…: Comparing late‐identified, late‐emerging and early‐identified dyslexia
Authors: de Bree Elise H. , van den Boer Madelon , Toering Boukje M. , de Jong Peter F. 
Published: May 2022

When dyslexia is diagnosed late, the question is whether this is due to late‐emerging (LE) or late‐identified (LI) problems. In a random selection of dyslexia‐diagnosis case files we distinguished early‐diagnosed (Grade 1–3, n = 116) and late‐diagnosed (Grade 4–6) dyslexia. The late‐diagnosed files were divided into LE (n = 54) and LI dyslexia (n = 45). The LE group consisted of children whose national‐curriculum literacy outcomes did not warrant referral for dyslexia diagnosis in Grades 1–2; the LI group of children whose literacy outcomes did, but who were referred for diagnostic assessment after Grade 3. At the time of diagnosis, the percentage of poor performers on word‐level literacy measures generally did not differ between the groups. Only the LE group contained fewer poor performers than the early‐diagnosed and LI group on some word‐reading measures. All groups showed similar distributions of phonological difficulties. There were no indications of compensation through vocabulary, memory or IQ in either late‐diagnosed group. Our diagnosis‐based study confirms and extends previous research‐based studies on LE dyslexia. Moreover, it shows that LI dyslexia exists, which can be regarded as the existence of instructional casualties. The findings speak to issues of identification, diagnosis and compensation and call for further efforts to improve the early identification of dyslexia.