bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shedding light on boundaries: re-sequencing Snell’s law instruction to first build conceptual understanding
Authors: McGregor Sarah L , Pleasants Jacob 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Refraction is a foundational concept within introductory physics. Physics students need a deep understanding of refraction, including Snell’s Law, in order to progress towards more complex optics topics such as lenses and images. Unfortunately, many physics students obtain only a superficial understanding of refraction. Although many students can use Snell’s Law to perform basic calculations, the mathematical relationship is often divorced from students’ conceptual knowledge, which often harbours misconceptions. In this article, we describe a sequence of instructional activities that we have used in an introductory optics course that aims to address common issues of students’ learning of optics. Instead of leading with Snell’s Law and emphasising calculations, the instructional sequence places conceptual understanding in the foreground. Mathematical representations are introduced only after students have developed a conceptual foundation; in this way, mathematics becomes integrated with students’ conceptual understanding rather than existing apart from it. After describing the instructional sequence, we present the impacts of instruction on student thinking and also suggest potential applications of the instructional principles that guided our decision-making.
Pendulum motion on an inclined plane
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An experiment is described where a pendulum bob was allowed to roll back and forth across an inclined plane. The period of oscillation is larger than that for oscillation in a vertical plane, in part because the effective value of g is reduced on an inclined plane. The experiment highlights the differences between all three common forms of friction, namely sliding, rolling and static friction.
Tuning the luminescence performance of CdO nanoparticles via Tb2O3 inclusion
Authors: Awad M A , Abu-Dief Ahmed M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The strategy of this work is mainly concentrated on tuning the performance of CdO nanoparticles (NPs) via Tb2O3 addition. Precipitation method is utilized for the NPs synthesis, where Tb2O3 concentrations were 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. The prepared samples are examined using different analytical techniques. SEM and TEM results showed that Tb2O3 acted as passivation agent for the growth of CdO NPs and annulled particles agglomeration. There is a harmony in crystallites size calculated from XRD and TEM (47–55 nm), whereas, the maximum value is obtained for 5% of Tb2O3. The molecular analysis using FTIR elucidated the stability of the absorption bands for the mixed phase samples comparing with the single one, in agreement with XRD results. The estimated Eg values are ranged within (2.90–2.94) ± 0.02 and are increased slightly with Tb2O3 content. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra using different excitation wavelengths showed two overlapped emission peaks for the mixed phase Tb2O3 - CdO NPs, where the positions and the shape of these peaks appeared to be independent on excitation wavelength. The maximum PL intensity is recorded for the 5% of Tb2O3 using an excitation wavelength of 365 nm. The high intensive of visible emission using different excitation wavelengths suggested the possibility of their use in diverse applications such as light emitting diodes, optical sensor as well as in cathode ray tubes.
Orthogonality catastrophe and the speed of quantum evolution in a qubit-spin-bath system
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhu Zheng-Rong , Zou Jian , Shao Bin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The orthogonality catastrophe (OC) of quantum many-body systems is an important phenomenon in condensed matter physics. Recently, an interesting relationship between the OC and the quantum speed limit (QSL) was shown (Fogarty 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett.
124 110601). Inspired by the remarkable feature, we provide a quantitative version of the quantum average speed as another different method to investigate the measure of how it is close to the OC dynamics. We analyze the properties of an impurity qubit embedded into an isotropic Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick spin model, and show that the OC dynamics can also be characterized by the average speed of the evolution state. Furthermore, a similar behavior of the actual speed of quantum evolution and the theoretical maximal rate is shown which can provide an alternative speed-up protocol allowing us to understand some universal properties characterized by the QSL.
Automated optimization of deep brain stimulation parameters for modulating neuroimaging-based targets
Authors: Malekmohammadi Mahsa , Mustakos Richard , Sheth Sameer , Pouratian Nader , McIntyre Cameron C , Bijanki Kelly R , Tsolaki Evangelia , Chiu Kevin , Robinson Meghan E , Adkinson Joshua A , Oswalt Denise , Carcieri Stephen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Therapeutic efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in both established and emerging indications, is highly dependent on accurate lead placement and optimized clinical programming. The latter relies on clinicians’ experience to search among available sets of stimulation parameters and can be limited by the time constraints of clinical practice. Recent innovations in device technology have expanded the number of possible electrode configurations and parameter sets available to clinicians, amplifying the challenge of time constraints. We hypothesize that patient specific neuroimaging data can effectively assist the clinical programming using automated algorithms. Approach. This paper introduces the DBS Illumina 3D algorithm as a tool which uses patient-specific imaging to find stimulation settings that optimizes activating a target area while minimizing the stimulation of areas outside the target that could result in unknown or undesired side effects. This approach utilizes preoperative neuroimaging data paired with the postoperative reconstruction of the lead trajectory to search the available stimulation space and identify optimized stimulation parameters. We describe the application of this algorithm in three patients with treatment-resistant depression who underwent bilateral implantation of DBS in subcallosal cingulate cortex and ventral capsule/ventral striatum using tractography optimized targeting with an imaging defined target previously described. Main results. Compared to the stimulation settings selected by the clinicians (informed by anatomy), stimulation settings produced by the algorithm that achieved similar or greater target coverage, produced a significantly smaller stimulation area that spilled outside the target (P = 0.002). Significance. The DBS Illumina 3D algorithm is seamlessly integrated with the clinician programmer software and effectively and rapidly assists clinicians with the analysis of image based anatomy, and provides a starting point to search the highly complex stimulation parameter space and arrive at the stimulation settings that optimize activating a target area.
Comparative study over double wedge and biconvex airfoils for laminar flow using CFD
Authors: Athul Krishna S , Aswin MR 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper is mainly focused on Supersonic Laminar Flow at Mach 3 for biconvex and double wedge airfoils. The coefficient of lift (Cl), coefficient of drag (Cd), and coefficient of moment along the respective airfoils are being analysed. The geometry of these is generated using the Designmodeler of ANSYS. Further, meshing is also achieved by ANSYS with around 50000 nodes which is satisfactory for the current flow analysis. The total number of iterations being set for the particular simulation is 1000. This article covers the approach of the Kutta-Joukowski theorem, from which we know that flow circulation impacts the lift of the airfoil and how it changes for biconvex and double wedge airfoils. Decisively, this paper delivers provides pressure, heat transfer, and velocity distribution for both the airfoils. This paper gives a comparative study of both the double wedge and the biconvex airfoils at MACH 3, zero angle of attack. The study will be analysing both the airfoils in 3D as well as in 2D.
Analyzing the Emission Characteristics of a Catalytic Converter using a Nano-ZnO Coating
Authors: Koten Hasan , Maria Jackson A. , Rajaprasanna R , Ranjith Kumar R. , Keerthana Pamula , Gatchakayala Naresh Babu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to the ever-growing challenge of pollutants emitted by vehicles, protection of the environment from the pollutants has become a focus of attention. The rising volume of traffic on our nation's roadways now poses a severe danger to the environment due to hazardous emissions, and the refueling availability and low maintenance of petrol fuel vehicles have prompted many to choose for petrol vehicles. Numerous experts have used a variety of strategies to decrease the amount of emissions produced by vehicles, but this sector still has a great deal of room for advancement. The objective of this work is to compare the emission characteristics of a four-stroke petrol engine with and without a nano zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) encased catalytic converter. The findings indicated that the nano-ZnO coated catalytic converter aided in reducing the CO, CO2, HC and NOx emissions by 41.3%, 71.4%, 48.2%, and 46.7%, respectively
Improving the yield of a solar still with the aid of an evacuated tube
Authors: Mohammad Akram CH. , Saritha G. , Sharma Arvind , Singh Hari Kumar , Rinawa Moti Lal , Ashwin Kannan S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Solar distilling process is a viable way to supplying clean freshwater to remote populations with low water condition and sufficient sunshine. Because, water purified in a simple solar still yields less, and hence, it would not be widely utilized or traded. The effectiveness of a traditional solar still is highly dependent on the quantity of energy received by the solar still's bottom surface. Thus, expanding either the absorption capacity of the basin surface or the rate of energy transfer to the saline water would then result in an enhancement in potable water yield levels. Through the coupling of an evacuated glass tube (EGT), an effort has been made to increase the evaporative heat transfer and solar still heat transfer effectiveness in this study. Further, the current research analysis compares the performance of the ordinary (Plain-Still) and evacuated tube linked solar stills (EGT-Still) at a fixed water level of 2.0 cm. The findings demonstrated that integrating an evacuated tube with the traditional solar still increased the solar still's productivity by 13.73%.
Influence of Nano-additive on the Performance of Diesel with Rape Seed Oil as Bio-diesel
Authors: Tirlangi Satyanarayana , Naga Sudha V , Kamalakannan J. , Narendranathan. S.K , Madhusudhanan J. , Rajeshwaran M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Increased consumption of oil in a spectrum of uses currently poses a significant risk to worldwide level of exhaust emissions. Considering this problem requires considerable thought. As a result, the development of alternate fuels has become necessary. Bio-diesel is a renewable fuel made from mono - alkyl esters. This laboratory investigation contains a comparison analysis to ascertain the impact and operational features of nano fuel additives. The study focused on the mixing of rape seed oil based bio-diesel with silicon dioxide (SiO2), a nanoparticle based enhancer, in order to determine its influence on diesel burning IC engine's performance. Various nano-mixture proportions were produced using nano-SiO2 particles with bio-diesel. The fuel used in the tests was bio-diesel mixer containing 25% of rape seed oil in diesel with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% SiO2 nanoparticles in bio-diesel. The output metrics such as brake power and exhaust emission levels were determined for the tested bio-diesels with different nano-SiO2 proportions. The bio-diesel with the 0.2% SiO2 nanoparticles yielded the better result in terms of brake power and emission characteristics of the engine comparing to the other blends.
Development of RFID Tag Antenna With Graphene Material Using Deep Learning
Authors: Rajalakshmi S. , Jagan G C , Padmapriya  , Asha S. , Kondala Kameswara Rao Nynalasetti , Shrivastava Rajdeep 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To avoid unnecessary delays, develop an RFID tag antenna using graphene material-based deep learning in this project. The Deep Learning RFID Tag Antenna, a one-atom thick two-dimensional carbon crystal based on graphene material, is suggested as a high-frequency antenna that could improve radio communications. The experimental results reveal that the deep learning method performs well and accurately in predicting the EM response of graphene-based materials, with an accuracy of over 99 percent and a time savings of at least 99 percent.
Analyzing the Life Prediction of Spur Gear based on Vinyl Ester with Different Fibre Proportion
Authors: Saketharaman K. , Meenakshi C.M. , Ravi D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The gear is an essential part of every mechanical power transmission system, as well as most industrial rotating machinery. Gears may grow to dominate as the most effective mechanism for transmitting power in future machines due to their high degree of durability and compactness. The vinyl ester resin have high strength and low frictional of porous carbon material. The Vinyl ester resin is used as a reinforced material in plastic gear. In this work, Vinyl Ester and Glass fiber composite material with different proportions were equipped for strengthen cast plastic gear. The spur gear pair was used as the test gears, and the glass transition temperature and fatigue tests were used to determine the gear's life span. Finally, the composite gear has to be analyzed.
Effect on the product finish in deep drawing process due to supremacy of punch force
Authors: Brathikan V M , Jayabalu S , Gideon Devairakkam S , Prashanth P , Scidarth Kavi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Forming process plays a significant role in manufacturing a product. Deep drawing among the forming process is considered superior because of its low wastage. The appropriate parameters to have an optimized drawing process must be found. A slight change in these parameters will cause major change on positive or negative side. In this, the punch forces mainly focused. This is the force used to draw the object. An experiment by varying punch force is made and investigate what happens in that resulting product. During the application of excessive force some failure like fracture thinning and cracks would occur. Experiment by varying load is done, and the outcomes are observed. The outcome of the experiment was noted. From this experiment it’s found that the optimistic load to draw the object and to improve the processing speed. By this, the productivity and accuracy is improved. By doing this for various loads, many results were obtained which gave reliability of the results. These findings are also theoretically and analytically examined.
Experimental Study on Failure Modes of RC Beams Externally Strengthened with Multiple Layers of FRP Sheets
Authors: Hemapriya M. , Venkatakrishnaiah Dr.R. , Meikandaan Dr.T.P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The FRP material plays a major role as strengthening material in RC structural elements. It is popularly used to improve the load carrying capacity and the stiffness in RC structural elements by wrapping with FRP sheets (combination of GFRP & CFRP). The usefulness of FRP laminates in external strengthening at both the sides full and as vertical strips at interval of 100mm on RC beams is studied.. In this experimental study nine reinforced concrete beams were cast and in that three beams are control beams and six RC beams are strengthened with one layer of GFRP and another layer of CFRP laminates. The prime aim of the test is to study the effect of FRP laminates in enhancing the strength of the strengthened/wrapped RC beams compared to control beams. The ultimate strength and maximum deflection of reinforced concrete beams by externally bonded with multiple layers of FRP sheets are examined.
Trends in tribological behaviour of materials for compressors
Authors: Patel Shrey Shaileshbhai , Surjith Shiva M , Kataray Tarun , Srivastava Divyansh , Maji Sambuddha , Kapruan Chinmay , Kumar Piyush Pankaj , Yarram Bharath , Chadha Utkarsh , Selvaraj Senthil Kumaran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This review accumulates information from various research works about the preferable manufacturing process, process parameters, parts of the compressor, working principle, material, and critical issues with some of the solutions that might be possible in the era of future industry. In addition, some work is also done on the tribological trends in the compressor. In this paper, detailed information has been gathered about the compressor parts and their working principle. A detailed analysis has been done on the material used to manufacture the compressor. Some details have been shared about preventing the loss to the compressor when it is in the application mode. As per this paper, PTFE/MoS2, FC, PEEK/Ceramic materials, mica-filled tetrafluoroethylene are advanced materials used for the compressor. Protective layers can be made on the parts to prevent some functional loss. Numerous studies have brought about great advancements in compressor performance, but many remain to be discovered. With n-TiO2 and n-MnO2, ZDDP (zinc disulfide) should be increased for antifriction properties. Some research has proven that CO2 can improve the tribological performance of two interacting surfaces by forming a lubricating carbonate layer that reduces friction and wears. New lubricating oils are showing promising results, but with the gradual depletion of natural oil resources, efforts have to be made to make various oils obtained from sources other than oil reserves or petroleum. A completely oil-free compressor with no lubrication in the crankcase and no lubrication in the other components dry oil-free air supply may be accomplished by employing various oil-less compressor technologies such as scroll water-injected screw, two-stage dry screw, and so on. In the 21st century, it aims to maximize energy savings from air compressors. It is critical to operating at a compression level that matches the amount of air consumption (optimal volume) and to avoid operating at a compression level that is greater than necessary. The conclusion can be obtained that understanding for the compressor will be established, and some tribological issues will be solved with new technology and material.
Investigating Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Polymer Composite Reinforced with S-Glass and Luffa Fibres
Authors: Vigneshkumar N. , Harikannan N. , Selvakumar S , Manoj Kumar P. , Subbiah Ram , Saravanakumar P.T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The mix of two different type of fibres, one is natural and another one is synthetic fibres were employed as reinforcing media in this study, and epoxy based polymer resin was employed as the matrix phase. S-glass and luffa fibres had been bonded with epoxy matrix to create a novel composite by compression moulding and to measure the effect of this hybridization in composite laminate utilising five different sequencing. To determine the mechanical characteristics of this composite material using tensile, flexural, and compression strength, a specimen named 'SL4' had shown the highest mechanical strength, resulting in a tensile properties of 253 MPa, compression strength of 234 MPa, and flexural characteristics of 237 MPa. The increment in mechanical characteristics is found to exhibiting around 20% increase comparing to the specimen having next higher value in all the properties. The results evidenced that the presence of luffa fibre layers at the interior most portion of the composite displayed the progressive values in all the investigated mechanical characteristics.
Integration of Lean Principles with Fuzzy FMEA in a Small Scale Casting Industry
Authors: Deepan S , Santhosh Raj S , Ponselvan T S , Praveenkumar R , Alex J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Economic growth of any nation is depending on the Gross Domestic Product. To improve a country economy, the industries needs to produce gross domestic products at large rate for export. Every industry has value added and non-value added (waste) activities. Non – value added activities always pulls down the efficiency, effectiveness and profit of the industry which will lets to devastating future. In order to overcome the waste many works and research has to be carried out with the focus on lean implementation. Lean implementation should be carried out progressively to obtain fruitful result. This project has been carried out on a casting industry in which non value added activities such as unnecessary transportation, motion, and waiting and high space conception are identified using current state mapping and current state layout. It is highly complicated to implement all the lean tools in a manufacturing system. So to prioritize only few lean tools which are essential to eliminate those wastes and an integrated model (combine fuzzy and FMEA environment) was used. Fuzzy is to avoid ambiguity in observation and FMEA is to prioritize the cause. After eliminating the wastes, future state value stream mapping is drawn and its performance is compared with the existing layout.
Implementing a visual representation of analytic data using a radar chart
Authors: Kalyuzhny E R , Poteryaeva A V , Shpakovsky G A , Bykreev L V , Zarikovskaya N V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article considers the implementation of one of the ways to visually display analytical data using a radar chart. The implementation of scaling and displaying inscriptions and images by sectors using Bezier curves is described in detail.
Convolutional neural network for noise reduction to improve the quality of images obtained using active-pulse television measuring systems
Authors: Novgorodov A , Borodina N , Kuryachiy M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a software implementation of an image recovery algorithm using a convolutional neural network. An example of using the developed algorithm in the context of noise reduction of images obtained using active-pulse television measuring systems is presented. The result obtained with a convolutional neural network is better than classical filtering algorithms (PSNR higher by 2.01 dB).
Development of a Modified Newton Iteration Algorithm for massive MIMO systems with precoding and its study in MATLAB environment
Authors: Glushankov E , Boyko I , Kirik D , Korovin K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to create an iterative precoding algorithm with a higher convergence rate compared to known algorithms. This paper considers the task of antenna system pattern formation using linear precoding for massive MIMO systems, including precoders with approximate matrix inversion methods, such as the use of the Newton Iteration Algorithm. A variant of the Modified Newton Iteration Algorithm with a variable adaptation step is also proposed. A mathematical description of signal processing in the downlink model for massive MIMO systems is given, as well as linear precoding procedures. The convergence of the algorithm has been analyzed from the initial parameters determining the adaptation step, from the number of user equipment served, as well as the angle of user equipment position.
Optimization of protective cables in the range of real geometric parameters
Authors: Vlasova N O , Belousov A O 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This work presents the results of simulation and optimization of multiconductor modal filters (MFs) with circular cross section in the range of real geometric parameters. Five MF structures with 2–4 conductors are considered in a protective shield and without it. Parametric optimization was performed by the amplitude and time criteria in order to obtain a complete ultrashort pulse (USP) decomposition. As a result, it was achieved in all structures with a maximum attenuation factor of 3.7 times.