bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Lama Perendaman Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Asetal dalam Larutan Hidrogen Peroksida 3% sebagai Denture Cleanser terhadap Perlekatan Candida albicans
Authors: Imanuella Yoanne , Ismiyati Titik , Ruspita Intan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Denture cleanser could control biofilm formation, however, it could also cause noticable changes to the surface denture base material, such as an increase in surface roughness and discoloration. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion time of acetal resin denture base in H2O2 3% as denture cleanser on the attachment of Candida albicans. Samples were made of acetal resin in the form of disc with a diameter of 5 mm and height of 2 mm as many as 24 pieces which were divided into four groups as follows: six discs without treatment, six discs were immersed in H2O2 3% for 3.5 hours, six discs were immersed for 14 hours, and six discs were immersed for 42 hours. The number of Candida albicans colonies was calculated in units of CFU/ml. The results showed that there was an effect of H2O2 3% immersion time on the adhesion of Candida albicans in all immersion groups after being compared with the control group. The highest number of Candida albicans attachment was found on the group with 42 hours immersion time. In conclusion, the immersion time of acetal resin denture base in H2O2 3% for 3,5 hours had the lowest effect on the adhesion of Candida albicans compared to the duration of immersion for 14 and 42 hours.Keywords: acetal resin; denture cleanser; hydrogen peroxide 3%; Candida albicans Abstrak: Denture cleanser dapat mengontrol pembentukan biofilm, tetapi juga mengakibatkan perubahan yang terlihat pada permukaan basis gigi tiruan seperti peningkatan kekasaran permukaan dan perubahan warna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh lama perendaman basis gigi tiruan resin asetal dalam H2O2 3% sebagai denture cleanser terhadap perlekatan Candida albicans. Sampel dibuat dari cakram resin asetal dengan diameter 5 mm dan tinggi 2 mm sebanyak 24 buah yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok yaitu, 6 cakram tanpa perlakuan, 6 cakram direndam dalam H2O2 3% selama 3,5 jam, 6 cakram direndam selama 14 jam, dan 6 cakram direndam selama 42 jam. Jumlah Candida albicans dihitung dalam satuan CFU/ml unit. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh lama perendaman dalam H2O2 3%terhadap perlekatan Candida albicans pada semua kelompok setelah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Jumlah Candida albicans tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok dengan lama perendaman selama 42 jam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah lama perendaman basis gigi tiruan resin asetal dalam H2O2 3% selama 3,5 jam memiliki pengaruh paling rendah terhadap perlekatan Candida albicans dibandingkan dengan lama perendaman 14 jam dan 42 jam.Kata kunci: resin asetal; denture cleanser; hidrogen peroksida 3%; Candida albicans
Total conversion between the longitudinal and transverse waves by an ultrathin elastic metamaterial plate with U-shaped slits
Authors: Guo Yifan , Liu Fengming , Du Qiujiao , Peng Pai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we propose an elastic metamaterial plate made by an aluminum block tailored with a row of periodic pair of U-shaped slits. Total conversion between longitudinal and transverse modes can be achieved by the metamaterial plate. The conversion is induced by an oblique dipolar resonance, not relying on the Fabry–Pérot resonance or the design of effective parameters. The plate’s thickness can be orders smaller than the working wavelength, showing good potential in practical applications.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH SEAWEEDS EXTRACT ON GROWTH , YIELD AND SEED VIGOUR OF BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS
Authors: H. Saudi A. 
Published: November 2022

Two factorial experiments were conducted .The first one was field experimental which was carried out at the one of agricultural farms in Thi-Qar governorate – Nassiriyah district during the winter seasons of 2014 - 2015 and 2015 - 2016 .The second was carried out in the laboratories of Agriculture and Marshes Colle. , Univ. of Thi-Qar . The aim was to investigate the effect of foliar application of seaweed extract on growth , yield and seeds vigour of four bread wheat cultivars . The design of field experiment was (RCBD) in factorial experiments with three replications in two factors .The first factor included four wheat cultivars ( Bohooth -22, Al-tahadi , IPA – 99 and Al-Rasheed ) . The second factor included foliar application by two seaweed extract concentrations (2 and 4) ml L-1 in addition to control treatment (without seeweed extract) . The design of Lab. experiment was (RCD) in factorial experiments with four replications in two factors. The results of field experiment showed that IPA – 99 cultivar gave highest averages of flag leaf area (42.17 and 44.81) cm2 , tillers number (435.42 and 443.61) tillers m-2, spikes number (387.05 and 392.33) spike m-2 , 1000 grain weight (38.75 and 40.56) gm and grain yield (4.67 and 4.75) tan ha-1 in both season, respectively . Wheat plants that sprayed with seaweed extract concentration 4 ml.L-1 gave highest averages of flag leaf area (40.25 and 43.34) cm2 , spikes number (384.07 and 387.91) spike m-2 , 1000 grain weight (38.32 and 39.78) gm and grain yield (4.50 and 4.64) tan ha-1 in both season, respectively. The plants of IPA – 99 cultivar which sprayed with seaweed extract concentration 4 ml L-1 gave highest averages of flag leaf area (44.25 and 47.12) cm2 , spikes number (393.32 and 398.95) spike m-2 , 1000 grain weight (40.11 and 42.98) gm and grain yield (4.91 and 4.97) tan ha-1 in both season, respectively. The results of Lab. experiment showed that the seeds produced from IPA – 99 cultivar gave highest germination speed index (28.85 and 30.60) , standard germination percentage (92.56 and 93.19)% and lower mean of germination time mean ( 5.26 and 4.99 ) day in both season, respectively. The seeds produced from wheat plants that sprayed with seaweed extract concentration 4 ml L-1 gave highest averages of germination speed index (30.04 and 31.66) , standard germination percentage (93.18 and 93.53)% and lower mean of germination time mean ( 5.15 and 4.87 ) day in both season, respectively . It can be conclude the superiority of the plants of IPA – 99 cultivar which sprayed with seaweed extract concentration 4 ml L-1 .
BIOLOGICAL PRE -TREATMENT USE LOCAL WILD STRAIN OF LIGNOLYTIC FILAMENTOUS BACTERIA TO IMPROVE IN VITRO DRY MATTER DIGESTABILITY AND REDUCTION LIGNIN CONTENT OF LOW QUALITY ROUGHAGES .
Authors: & Al-Khateeb Hassan 
Published: November 2022

This study being performed at the central laboratory for graduate students Animal Resources Department / College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad/Aljadrea and in laboratory of applied microbiology Department, Food and Biotechnology Center /Directorate of Agriculture Research / Baghdad, Iraq. Wild strain of local ligninolytic bacteria of genus Streptomyces MS isolated from Iraq camel degrade feces was used to pre- treated of low quality roughages in in vitro fermentation. Roughages wheat straw (WS), corncobs (Cc), alfalfa hay (AH) was pre- treated with wild strain of genus Streptomyces MS. The results showed higher significant improvement (p<0.01) for in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD %),in vitro Organic matter digestibility (IVOMD %) for most of roughages (WS Cc, AH). Moreover, greatest (p<0.01) improvement in(IVDMD,IVOMD %) was observed with pre-treated AH using Streptomyces MS prior of use for 21 days from 45 untreated to 67.07,67.08% treated, the smallest improving was observed (P<0.05) with WS from 20.78 to 30.22%. This result indicated that ability of Streptomyces MS to improve (IVDMD %) was significantly (P<0.05) affected by the roughages sources. Treated roughages with Streptomyces MS showed signiﬁcant reduction in lignin content (p<0.01).However, the highest (p<0.01) reduction in lignin content was shown in Cc pre-treated with Streptomyces MS(from 9.8 to 6.87%), while lowest (P<0.05)reduction in lignin content was shown in AH (from8.26 to 7.64%), These results support the possibility application of this wild strain of bacteria to improve low quality roughages in ruminants feed.
RESPONCE OF CORN GRAIN TRAITS TO HARVESTING MOISTURE
Authors: &  Baktash Al-kazaali 
Published: November 2022

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015, at the fields of Field Crop Department– College of Agriculture– University of Baghdad. The objective was to evaluate response of corn synthetic variety 5018 traits in next generation to harvesting moisture in the first generation. In spring season 2015, seeds of the synthetic variety 5018 were planted. When moisture of the ear grains was reached the first treatment (37-42%), ten ears were harvested. Ears harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42%, 34-36%, 30-33%, 25- 28% and 19-22% moisture content. In fall season 2015, varietal trail was carried out to the five treatment materials, using Randomized Complete Bock Design, with four replicates. The results showed, significant differences among treatments for all the studied traits, except grain filling duration. The highest grain growth rate (7.23 mg.grain.day-1) and grain yield (159.46 g.plant-1), were produced from plants grown it's seeds harvested with (19-22)%, which didn't differ significantly from the plants grown it's seeds harvested with moisture (25-28)%. It can be conclude that the perfect corn grain moisture for harvesting (19-22)% for the nex generation seeds .
SCREENING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES (Triticum aestivum L.) USING DROUGHT INDICES AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Authors: & Kadhem Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Drought is a wide-spread problem seriously influencing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production , but development of tolerant genotypes is hampered by the lack of effective selection criteria. The objective of research study was to evaluate the efficiency of several selection indices to identify drought tolerant genotypes under drought stress conditions. Twenty seven bread wheat genotypes differing in yield performance were grown under drought stress, and normal irrigation during 2014-2015 growing season, were evaluated in split plot design with three replications Significant and high positive correlation was found between grain yield in the stress condition (Ys) and (Yp) with indices STI, GMP, YI, and Significant negative correlation was found between Ys with SSI, SI, SSPI, TOL indices. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the Spearman’s correlation matrix, indicated that first PCA (80.6%) and second PCA (18.1%) accounted for 98.7% of variations among the indices. The results of PCA revealed that the screening methods were significantly inter-correlated with each other indicating that several of the statistics probably measure similar aspects of drought tolerance. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into four groups according to drought tolerance. The results showed that MP, GMP and STI were more effective in identifying high yielding genotypes in both drought-stressed and irrigated conditions, identifying G1 and G10 as more tolerant and G25 and G26 as more sensitive genotype to drought stress.
EFFECT OF GARLIC AND LICORICE ROOT EXTRACT ON LEAVES MINERAL AND HORMONAL CONTENT OF PEAR TRANSPLANTS
Authors: & Al-Rawi Shakir 
Published: November 2022

This research was conducted during the growing season 2015 - 2016 to investigate the response of 2 year's old transplants of “Othmani” pear cultivar budded on Calleryana root stock to foliar application with licorice root extract at four levels 0 (Li0), 2.5 g.L-1 (Li2.5), 5 g.L-1 (Li5) and 10 g.L-1 (Li10) and garlic extract at four levels, 0 (GA0), 5ml.L-1 (GA5), 10ml.L-1 (GA10) and 20ml.L-1 (GA20) and their interaction in leaves mineral and hormonal content . Each treatment was replicated three times using a factorial experiment using RCBD. The number of trees used was 96 trees. The results showed that the interaction between spraying garlic extract at 20 ml .L-1 combined with licorice root extract at 10 g .L-1 (GA20Li10) gave a high value of leaves nitrogen content at1.35 and 1.83%, potassium content at 2.410 and 2.592%, iron content at 210.3 and 234.5 mg. Kg -1and highest leaves zinc content at18.00 and 20.22 mg. Kg -1 for both seasons, respectively. As well as for hormones, GA20Li10 treatment was given the highest leaves content of IAA at 41.73 and 46.52 μg·g-1and the highest leaves GA3 content with 229.8 and 259.4 μg·g-1 for both seasons respectively. The lowest value of these parameters was found in the control (GA0Li0) treatment.
THE BIOLOGICAL STUDY ON Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) IN ERBIL –KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ
Authors: & et al. Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Observations on the biology of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus)were made under room temperature conditions (26 ± 2°C; 35 ± 10% Relative Humidity) feeding stages were fed on wheat leaves and shelled Sunflower seeds. Light and dark morphs were observed for second, third, fourth and fifth instars; short fine hairs on dorsal head, thorax and abdominal of fourth and fifth instars observed; fifth instars have black and white banded antennae. The mean periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition were 7.8, 33 and 2.5 days, respectively; the averages of female and male longevity were 43.3 and 36 day respectively, and mean fecundity was 102.4 eggs per female. The barrel eggs usually deposited in masses, the mean number of egg masses and the eggs per masses were 7.2 and 14.4, respectively, the mean incubation period was 7.5days, and egg hatching percentage reached to 68.410%. An average duration of the immature stages (egg to 5th instar) was 42.5 days, and the highest mortality observed in fifth instar (40.1%).
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF WHEAT GERM EXRACT ON THE PRODUCTION OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES FROM THE BIO-ENHANCERS
Authors: &  Apd- Aljabar Al- Mousawi 
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate effect of wheat germ extraction on the fermented milk products, which prepared using single and two types of mixed cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, ready premixed and 1: 1 mixture with inoculation of 5% in reconstituted skimmed milk 12% TS Which reinforced with different concentrations of wheat germ extracts 0, 5, 10 and 15% for treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4) respectively. The results showed that the height of the viscosity of all the products increased by the percentage of added wheat germ extract. The best treatment (10%) of T3, which was 52, 65, 57 and 64 mpa for each of the types of bacterial starter culture in the above respectively, compared to the reduction in the ratio of T4 (15%) was 51 and 63, 55 and 60 mpa. Furthermore The treatment of 10% (T3) showed the best production of exopolysaccharides (4.518, 4.869, 4.524, 4.668 mg / ml) and reduction with T4 (15%) to 3.870, 4.784, 4.275 and 4.049 mg . for each of the above probiotics cultures used in processing of fermented dairy products, The results showed that Lb. Plantarum is the most efficient in the production of exopolysaccharides, compared to other starter cultures bacteria and its role in increasing the viscosity and improve the strength of the probiotics fermented milk product treatment is a good qualities according to the Iraqi standard (milk fermented therapeutic).
HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROID LINEAGE IN THE BONE MARROW OF LOCAL ADULT GOAT (Caprus Hircus)
Authors: D. Hamdi Y. 
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the normal maturation process of erythriod lineage in bone marrow of adult Iraqi goat. Five healthy adult male goats aged 26-34 months were chosen for this study. A simple technique used for obtaining marrow from goats, employs sedation xylazine hydrochloride 0.1 mg/kg body weight. Skin incision was made over the iliac crest. Marrow was aspirated with a syringe and smears were made directly. Erythropoiesis in the bone marrow of an adult goat included a successive morphological alteration resulting in production of erythrocytes. The lineage of erythroid of bone marrow of adult goat comprises; Rubriblast , Prorubricytes, Rubricytes, Metarubricytes, and Reticulocyte. The final cellular lineage of the erythropoiesis bone marrow of the goat was the formation of non-nucleated erythrocytes.
IMPACT OF MOISTURE DEPLETION PERCENTAGES ON SOME GROWTH CHARACTERS AND YIELD FOR SELECTED GENOTYPES OF BREAD WHEAT
Authors: &  Baktash Dhahi 
Published: November 2022

A field experiments were carried out at the Abu- Graib Research Station - Office of Agricultural Research Ministry of Agriculture, to investigate moisture depletion effect for some traits of selected genotypes during 2014-2015, which depended to the long term of breeding program (2008-2014). The 9th selected genotypes and the control variety IPA 99 were evaluated during season 2015-2016 using split plot arrangement within RCBD and three replications. The main plots included four levels of water stress (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%), depletion of available water while, genotypes occupied sub plots.The results revealed significant differences among depletion %, genotypes and their interaction in all studied characters. Moisture depletion 20% of available water indicated the superiority of number days to 50% flowering (110.3 days), plant height (98..29 cm), flag leaf area (34.8 cm2), flag leaf angle (67.700), number days to 100% physiological maturity (146.53 days), spike length (11.53 cm), number of spikelets spike-1 (18.07), grain yield (5.06 t ha-1) and highest water use efficiency (1.63 kg m-3). The lowest value of the characters were found by depletion 80% of available water. The genotype 179 to took highest number of days to 50% flowering (114 days), IPA99 had highest flag leaf area (33.21 cm2) and highest period of 100% physiological maturity (145.75 days), genotype 27 had highest plant height (102.11 cm) and 186 produced highest spike length (11.75 cm), highest number of spikelests spike-1 (19.58), highest yield (5.64 t ha-1). Significant differences were found in interactions between genotypes and water stress in most characters studied, this shows of genotypes tolerance differences to water stress. So we can select one or more genotype , which tolerance to 20% moisture depletion.
FORMULATION OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AS A BIOPESTICIDE AGAINST SOIL BORNE ROOT PATHOGENS
Authors: &  et al. Al-Waily 
Published: November 2022

Pseudomonas fluorescens is one of the most beneficial rhizosphere bacteria mostly used to control broad range of soil borne plant pathogens. The local isolate of P.fluorescens (PFDS) was formulated using calcium carbonate (CaCo3), starch, grind rice and grind hornwort (Ceratophylum demersum L.) as carriers to examine the best carrier for application of bacteria to control the plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. The results revealed a significant superiority of starch and CaCo3 (35.3, 32.3 Î107 CFU ml-1) respectively compare to the other carriers with no significant differences among them, with nearly similar pattern of viability along six months of storage at room temperature (8.66, 8, 6.66, 4.33, 4.33 and 2 Î109 CFU ml-1) and (4.66, 4.66, 5, 4.33, 3.66 and 2.33 Î109 CFU ml-1) respectively. The monthly test showed that CaCo3- P.fluorescens formulation was represented high inhibition in vitro to the radial growth of F.solani (81.48, 79.26, 80.66, 80.31, 79.2 and 55.55 %) respectively and R.solani (74.07, 73.33, 72.22, 70.37, 66.66, and 44.44%) respectively along six months of storage with significant differences among treatments of each group. CaCo3 formulation at a concentration of 5 gm l-1 reduced in vitro eggs hatching to 5% and 44% death of the 2nd stage juvenile of M.javanica.
EFFECT OF DEPLETION PERCENTAGE ON YIELD , YIELD COMPONENTS AND WATER USE EFICIENCY FOR SELECTED GENOTYPES OF BREAD WHEAT
Authors: &  Dhahi Baktash 
Published: November 2022

A field experiments were carried out at the Abu- Graib Research Station - Office of Agricultural Research Ministry of Agriculture , to investigate effect of moisture deletion for some traits of selected wheat genotypes , during 2014-2015, which depend to the long term of breeding program (2008-2014) . The 9th selected genotypes and the control variety IPA 99 were evaluated using split plot arrangement within RCBD and three replications. The main plots included four moisture depletion (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) of available water while, genotypes occupied sub plots .The results revealed significant differences among depletion, genotypes and their interaction of all studied traits. Moisture depletion 20% , showed the superiority of number of spikes m-2 (385.7), number of grains spike-1 (57.23 grain), weight of 1000 grains (40.85 gm), higher grain yield (5.06 t ha-1), higher biological yield (16.51 t ha-1), and highest water use efficiency for grain yield (1.63 kg m-3). Significant differences were found among genotypes and interactions between genotypes and water stress in most studied characters , this shows of genotypes performance differences to water stress. So we can select one or more genotype which tolerance to water stress.
MECHANICAL, BARRIER AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE FILMS MADE FROM WHEY PROTEIN ISOLATE INCORPORATED WITH GREEN TEA EXTRACT
Authors: & Abdul-Rahman Chalob 
Published: November 2022

The aim of this research was to study the effect of adding green tea extract (GTE) on the mechanical, oxygen permeability, water vapor permeability and antioxidant properties of whey protein isolate edible films. Edible films incorporated with the alcoholic extract of green tea showed high antioxidant activity as compared with the standard antioxidant BHA (Butylated hydroxyl anisole), The scavenging values of the film with GTE and the control film were 65.22% and 9.5%, respectively. The mechanical tests, revealed a decreasing in thickness in the control film which was formed without GTE from 181 μm to 169 μm. The tensile strength has been reduced in the film to 7.87 MPa where it was in the control sample 8.29 MPa. However, the elongation rate increased to 117% in the film supported by the extract, which was higher than the elongation rate of the control protein film without GTE (107%). The permeability value of oxygen (OP) and water vapor permeability (WPV) were measured and the properties of film were evaluated. The OP value of the control film was 90.07 ml / m 2 * day, whereas the permeability of the film with (GTE) decreased to 72.45 ml / m 2 * day. The WVP value of the control film was 0.61(gm.mm / hr. m2. mPa), while the permeability value of the film with GTE was 0.22 (gm.mm / hr. m2. MPa). The water solubility of film with GTE was increased to 47.5% as compared to the control film which was 41.2%.In respect to the optical properieties the ∆E value of supported film samples was 29.09%,and (L, a, b) (28.3,-7.41, 51.01) respectively, while for the control Sample ∆E was 9.6% (L, a, b), (6.6,-9.27, 59.15) respectively.