bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discussion on the Relation Between Carbon Emissions and Solid Waste Management to Develop a Sustainable Business Model
Authors: Avşar Cemre , Çelik Ertuğrul , Ertunç Suna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIncreasing environmental issues, such as climate change and industrial waste management, have been putting pressure on developing novel and efficient solutions. Besides, global population increase is another increasing challenge for humanity in terms of adequate and secure food supply. The Merseburg process, the conversion reaction of gypsum with ammonium carbonate to yield ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, offers dual advantages against global warming and solid waste management issues. Another advantage of the process is the production of ammonium sulfate, an agriculturally valuable fertilizer. Utilization of the Merseburg process would be strategically important since it provides both consumption of phosphogypsum and low‐cost raw material supply for ammonium sulfate production together with carbon dioxide consumption. This mini‐review gives a detailed discussion of semi‐batch ammonium carbonate production, followed by gypsum conversion, which can be an alternative operation and feed strategy for the Merseburg process conducted as a ternary‐multiphase reaction system. The paper also provides the discussion of an alternative resource utilization route for phosphogypsum, including CO2 sequestration and low‐cost ammonium sulfate production.
Pyloric hypertrophy and gastric outflow obstruction in an adult ornate bichir (Polypterus ornatipinnis)
Authors: Anton Brian J. , Rosenthal William C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 5‐year‐old, captive bred, 327 g female ornate bichir (Polypterus ornatipinnis) presented with a history of reduced appetite and cranial coelomic swelling. On physical examination, the swelling was smooth, soft, devoid of masses and consistent with an enlarged stomach. No other abnormalities were detected. Eleven months later, the bichir was found deceased in its aquarium and was diagnosed with pyloric hyperplasia with stenosis on postmortem examination. On histopathology, the pyloric mucosa appeared thickened with no signs of infiltrative disease. Outflow obstructions are rare in fish and are infrequently reported. This is the first report of a gastric outflow obstruction due to pyloric hyperplasia in a fish species.
EOL‐NiMH Batteries: An Alternative for Critical Raw Materials. Chemical Characterization by WD‐XRF
Authors: Rodrigo M. , Gazulla M. F. , Montañes L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNickel‐metal hydride (NiMH) batteries hold not only the base metals but valuable rare earth elements (RREs) like La, Ce, Pr, and Nd. Given the importance of resource recycling and assured supply of the contained metals in such wastes, the present study has focused on the development of an XRF method able to fully characterize these residues. In this study, a robust method for the chemical characterization of the anode and cathode by wavelength‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry was developed. For that, NiMH batteries were manually disassembled to obtain the active materials used in the anode and cathode, where critical raw materials are used. The results showed that NiMH batteries' anode is valuable due to the high concentrations of La, Ce, Nd, and Pr, apart from Ni. Besides, the cathode is quite rich in Ni. The different composition of these two materials justifies the need for a recycling process that separates these fractions in order not to dilute the number of RREs and Ni that can be recovered from these batteries when they are disposed of.
Bridging the Educational Gap in Circular Design and Engineering—An Educational Concept and Case Study from Austria
Authors: Erol Selim , Hörbe Roman 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite promising developments towards a circular economy, a recent study by EUROSTAT concluded that only 12% of EU’s economy is circular. One cause is suspected in particular in the fact that the scientific knowledge relating to the design and development of sustainable and recyclable products and processes has not arrived sufficiently in industrial practice. Educational offers for practitioners in circular design and engineering are still sparse and taken up hesitantly by companies in this context either. To close this educational gap, we have developed a particular training program for learning of Circular Design and Engineering principles. The development of the program was publicly funded and involved five industry partners from furniture and interiors industry. In this paper, we describe the underlying educational concept and lessons learned from a particular application of the concept in the Austrian furniture and interiors industry.
Urban Agrifood Circularity: Exploring Consumable and Capital Micro Circular Production Loops
Authors: Ball Peter , Badakahshan Ehsan , Bell Joseph , Holden Nicola , Jensen Jens , Kanu Ifeyinwa , Smith Lydia , Zhao Xiaobin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe circular economy concept is typically applied at scale, especially for high value products and materials. The dominant manufacturing model is for large global factories with research and practice independent of agriculture. This paper challenges the dominant “big is beautiful” ethos and explores how agricultural and industrial production can operate at local, urban scale with wastes circulating for consumable and capital production. The research case is a UK city where food wastes could be used for food production and beverage production waste could be used to produce building materials. The research explores the industrial symbiosis engineering challenge of small-scale waste conversion and the digital challenge of identifying and measuring waste flows for conversion. In considering waste conversions through local, distributed manufacture this paper also tackles the digital challenge of how to source local, small volume material flow data for optimization. Future potential research avenues of micro manufacture as well as digital twins are discussed.
Social Inclusion Challenges of Low-Income People Through Entrepreneurship in Industry 4.0
Authors: Kano Celia Hanako , de Carvalho Marly Monteiro , de Castro Souza Piao Roberta , de Oliveira Jairo Cardoso 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIndustry 4.0 raises concerns about the inclusion of low-income people. Researchers approach entrepreneurship as a path to social inclusion. In this context, this paper aims to investigate how Industry 4.0 engages low-income people under the perspective of entrepreneurship. This paper is based on a systematic literature review using bibliometrics and content analysis. The paper combines RStudio, VOSviewer and NVivo software analysis for conducting a systematic literature review. The paper also conducted a content analysis. This study understands that entrepreneurship has different challenges in Industry 4.0 depending on the social group. To better understand these challenges, low-income people were divided into three social groups: low-literacy and poor people, rural communities and women. The results indicated that the main challenges to engage low-income people on Industry 4.0 are digital inclusion, digital financial inclusion, adoption of digital platforms, and others.
Business Model Design in Context of Circular Economy
Authors: Gellert Benjamin , Buxmann Henry Nicolai , Orth Ronald 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn dynamic environments, businesses not only look for sustainable technology solutions, but also for new business model opportunities that management can apply as they move to a more sustainable future. Being embedded in the process of analyzing the status quo and identifying potential improvements of sustainability management, this article focuses on the development of a catalog with circular economy-based business model patterns to provide an overview of universally applicable implementation measures for business model development. For this purpose, four steps were conducted: An extensive literature research to identify a comprehensive collection of sustainable business model patterns with specific emphasis on circular economy, reduction of identified patterns to exclude redundancies and ambiguities, derivation of the influence of these patterns on the elements of the Business Model Canvas—taking into account their impact on environmental sustainability, and a final enrichment with further details for practical application. This includes a definition, benefits, barriers, implementation steps as well as filterable categories for the specific selection of business model patterns. The result is a catalog which provides a valuable resource for businesses looking to adopt more sustainable business practices.
Language Models for Functional Digital Twin of Circular Manufacturing
Authors: Akay Haluk , Capezza Antonio J. , Henrysson Maryna , Leite Iolanda , Fuso-Nerini Francesco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA key challenge for implementation of a circular economy model in manufacturing systems is the functional dependence of downstream processes on upstream byproducts. Design principles provide a framework for mapping goals to solutions by decomposing complex engineering problems into structured sets of requirements to be satisfied and embodied by design parameters and process variables. Large Language Models can computationally represent such textually-described design elements to quantify interconnections between problems, solutions, and processes. We present a Functional Digital Twin concept, powered by AI language modeling and guided by principles of manufacturing systems design, to identify functionally coupled process variables in an industrial symbiosis and automatically push alerts to stakeholders in a circular manufacturing system. Changes in byproduct composition are pushed downstream, and upstream decision-makers are guided to balance satisfying their design requirements with maintaining circularity of the system. The presented method is demonstrated in a case study of bio-based absorbent materials for intended use in disposable sanitary articles developed from byproducts of the agro-food industry.
Towards Circular Business Models in the Punching Industry: Leveraging Smart Sensor Technology for Sustainable Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Wörner Daniel , Budde Lukas , Friedli Thomas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe punching industry (PI) remains largely dependent on unsustainable resource use in its manufacturing process, consuming finite materials. Evolving market needs for increased environmental sustainability in the PI causes punching companies to reevaluate their existing manufacturing processes. Considering this trend, this research explores the prerequisites for transitioning to circular business models (CBMs), a subset of sustainable business models, by using smart sensor technology (SST) supporting a sustainable manufacturing process (SMP). Prior research has shown that using different sensors pertaining punching tools and machines is prevalent. Standard parts in the punching tool itself address these challenges of an imprecise set-up of the punching tool on the punching machine resulting in process improvements and efficiency enhancements. Yet, no similar data-driven punching tool concepts have been installed highlighting the novelty. To address this gap, this study examines how data can be gathered and successfully utilized to support SMP fostering CBMs in the PI based on data-driven punching tools. Mixed methods are applied in a practice oriented project, involving a Swiss-based manufacturer. The results demonstrate several key drivers supporting SMPs enabled by data-driven punching tools. Future research should involve a larger number of interviews and further field testing to increase maturing SST data-driven punching tools.
Investigations on the Use of Photodiodes for In-Situ Defect Detection in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion of Metals
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , de Ascencao Gustavo Reis , Hesse Bernhard , Suuronen Jussi-Petteri , Domingos David Carlos , Zhuang Jianlin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe sustainability of AM is strongly related to the ability of producing functional parts using minimal resources. In-situ monitoring saves energy and material by providing information to support process stops in case of anomalous events detected in critical regions. In this work, AlSi10Mg samples with different defect conditions were PBF-LB/M manufactured under the observation of photodiodes in three wavelength ranges. The samples were scanned through synchrotron-based micro-CT, and a defect score was attributed to every point in a non-destructive manner. The results were registered to the emissions acquired during the PBF-LB/M process. An exploratory data analysis has shown that the mean and standard deviation of the emissions of defect points do not differ from the ones found for points labelled as normal by micro-CT. A neural network was trained to infer the points’ quality based on their emissions. The maximum F1-score was 4.79%, suggesting that the photodiodes in the studied set-up are not suitable for the in-situ identification of local porosities in PBF-LB/M parts.
An Approach to Quantifying the Lifecycle Sustainability Impacts of Tungsten Carbide Tools
Authors: Arnold Gatewood , Polizzi Julian , Mohsin Syed Ibn , Carnesi Daniel , Schoop Julius , Badurdeen Fazleena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTungsten carbide cutting tools are widely used for their high machining performance and low cost. However, their cost does not currently reflect the material rarity, environmental costs, nor societal costs associated with their production. Critically, embodied energy makes a sizeable contribution to the total lifecycle energy consumption. This study quantifies the true triple bottom line cost of the tools with respect to established sustainability metrics by leveraging cross-disciplinary insights from the product, process, and system levels. Based on the adjusted cost, a comparative analysis of the cutting tool sustainability on the profitability of a nickel-based superalloy machining process was carried out for different tools. Tool wear rates were experimentally measured across a range of industrial feeds and speeds for milling of Inconel 718. Using a Taylorian cost optimization model, the relative influence of the true cost of different tungsten carbide tools was compared. In all cases considered, changes in tool cost had a minimal impact on process profitability, suggesting that more sustainably produced cutting tools may readily justify increased tooling costs. Thus, identification and further development of more sustainable cutting tools may offer a meaningful opportunity to enhance sustainability performance of tungsten carbide cutting tools enabling more sustainable manufacturing.
Nonthermal heavy dark matter from a first-order phase transition
Authors: Giudice Gian F. , Lee Hyun Min , Pomarol Alex , Shakya Bibhushan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study nonthermal production of heavy dark matter from the dynamics of the background scalar field during a first-order phase transition, predominantly from bubble collisions. In scenarios where bubble walls achieve runaway behavior and get boosted to very high energies, we find that it is possible to produce dark matter with mass several orders of magnitude above the symmetry breaking scale or the highest temperature ever reached by the thermal plasma. We also demonstrate that the existing formalism for calculating particle production from bubble dynamics in a first-order phase transition is not gauge invariant, and can lead to spurious results. While a rigorous and complete resolution of this problem is still lacking, we provide a practical prescription for the computation that avoids unphysical contributions and should provide reliable order-of-magnitude estimates of this effect. Furthermore, we point out the importance of three-body decays of the background field excitations into scalars and gauge bosons, which provide the dominant contributions at energy scales above the scale of symmetry breaking. Using our improved results, we find that scalar, fermion, and vector dark matter are all viable across a large range of mass scales, from $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(10) TeV to a few orders of magnitude below the Planck scale, and the corresponding phase transitions can be probed with current and future gravitational wave experiments.
Two-loop amplitudes for $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_s^2\right) $$ corrections to Wγγ production at the LHC
Authors: Badger Simon , Hartanto Heribertus Bayu , Wu Zihao , Zhang Yang , Zoia Simone 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present the two-loop helicity amplitudes contributing to the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD predictions for W-boson production in association with two photons at the Large Hadron Collider. We derived compact analytic expressions for the two-loop amplitudes in the leading colour limit, and provide numerical results for the subleading colour contributions. We employ a compact system of integration-by-part identities provided by the NeatIBP package, allowing for an efficient computation of the rational coefficients of the scattering amplitudes over finite fields.
Rectifiability and uniqueness of blow-ups for points with positive Alt–Caffarelli–Friedman limit
Authors: Allen Mark , Kriventsov Dennis , Neumayer Robin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe study the regularity of the interface between the disjoint supports of a pair of nonnegative subharmonic functions. The portion of the interface where the Alt–Caffarelli–Friedman (ACF) monotonicity formula is asymptotically positive forms an
$$\mathcal {H}^{n-1}$$

H

n
-
1

-rectifiable set. Moreover, for
$$\mathcal {H}^{n-1}$$

H

n
-
1

-a.e. such point, the two functions have unique blowups, i.e. their Lipschitz rescalings converge in
$$W^{1,2}$$

W

1
,
2

to a pair of nondegenerate truncated linear functions whose supports meet at the approximate tangent plane. The main tools used include the Naber–Valtorta framework and our recent result establishing a sharp quantitative remainder term in the ACF monotonicity formula. We also give applications of our results to free boundary problems.
Wie steht es um die Gesundheit pflegender erwerbstätiger Personen?
Authors: Elling Jan Mathis , Hetzel Christian , Hampel Sarah , von Spee Adelheid , Ollertz Greta 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der Großteil der pflegebedürften Menschen in Deutschland wird zu Hause von Angehörigen oder anderen Bezugspersonen gepflegt. Viele informell Pflegende sind zudem erwerbstätig und stehen somit vor der Herausforderung, die Anforderungen beider Lebensbereiche zu vereinbaren. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass die eigene Gesundheit der Pflegenden leidet.

Fragestellungen
(1) Inwiefern steht eine Pflegeverantwortung im privaten Umfeld bei Erwerbstätigen mit gesundheitlichen Beschwerden im Zusammenhang? (2) Innerhalb der Gruppe der pflegenden erwerbstätigen Personen, inwiefern stehen der Umfang von informeller Pflege und Erwerbsarbeit mit gesundheitlichen Beschwerden im Zusammenhang?

Material und Methoden
Die Datenbasis dieser Sekundärdatenanalyse ist die BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018. Um systematische Strukturunterschiede zwischen Pflegenden und Nichtpflegenden in den Analysen zu berücksichtigen, wurde das Propensity Score Matching angewendet.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Pflegende Erwerbstätige haben häufiger psychosomatische und körperliche Beschwerden als Erwerbstätige ohne Pflegeverantwortung. Erwerbsarbeitszeit und Pflegeumfang stehen in Beziehung zueinander, und ein hoher Umfang in beiden Lebensbereichen ist mit schlechterer Gesundheit assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerung
Personen, die neben ihrer Berufstätigkeit Pflegeaufgaben übernehmen, sind häufig gesundheitlich belastet. Daher sind gezielte Interventionen zur Gesundheitsförderung notwendig, um diese Gruppe zu unterstützen und ihre Gesundheit zu verbessern.
Online multi-agent deep reinforcement learning platform for distributed real-time dynamic control of power systems
Authors: Zhen Fan , Zhenghong Tu , Wenxin Liu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn recent years, multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) has made significant strides in power system decision-making and control. However, there is a scarcity of high-fidelity, real-time platforms for testing various DRL control algorithms in detailed power systems. Motivated by EtherCAT communication and DRL features, this study presents a MADRL online testing platform for distributed real-time dynamic control of power systems. The platform utilizes the Opal-RT real-time simulator for real-time simulation of dynamic power system environments and uses multiple AI workstations for the implementation of MADRL control algorithms. The proposed platform facilitates real-time interaction among AI workstations and the Opal-RT real-time simulator by leveraging the EtherCAT communication protocol to transmit system information and control signals. It enables the online and real-time training of distributed MADRL algorithms for power system dynamic control. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed platform have been validated through detailed case studies of testing distributed MADRL algorithms for classical power system control problems.
Enhancing affordable EEG to act as a quantitative EEG for inattention treatment using MATLAB
Authors: Magdy Rady Radwa , Elsalamawy Doaa , Rizk M. R. M. , Abdel Alim Onsy , Diaa Moussa Nancy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLack of attention is a chronic behavior in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and other disorders that harm academic and social performance. ADHD is a disorder whose typical symptoms include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. They have a major impact on the affected person’s function and development. The electroencephalogram (EEG) device is a diagnostic tool, whereas the quantitative EEG (QEEG) device is a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for most mental disorders. QEEG applies the neurofeedback method in treatment. Neurofeedback is a technique for training brain functions and is an alternative to the traditional oral treatment of inattention disorders due to its numerous side effects. The proposed software can upgrade most EEG devices in hospitals and clinics into QEEGs capable of neurofeedback. The upgrading tools and stages are introduced in this study. The cost of upgrading an EEG device is 25 times less than the purchase price of a QEEG device. The EEG device (Open BCI) has been upgraded with MATLAB to function as a QEEG system, integrating a variety of feature extraction methods for inattention detection such as fractal dimension (FD), wavelet transform (WT), multi-resolution techniques (MR), and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) which signified a notable progress in the field. Furthermore, the implemented software is easily customizable to include any forthcoming superior techniques that may arise. Earlier research distinguished the differences between states of relaxation and concentration using a simple fixed threshold. In this paper, short training has been utilized to calculate adaptive thresholds to optimize individual effects. Different thresholding techniques were employed with the EMD_Dt technique to distinguish between focused and unfocused epochs. The adaptive threshold method results have been more accurate reaching the benchmark of 99.82%, as opposed to the fixed threshold method, which reaches an accuracy of 97.73%. The findings were assessed through a pilot study involving 3483 epochs collected across 24 sessions from male and female children aged between 5 and 16. The proposed QEEG software was evaluated to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Timed (SMART) with an effect size of 0.85528336, which is significant.