bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of cervical Hyoscine on the first and second stages of labor duration of nulliparous women: A single-blind clinical trial
Authors: saeid Fatemeh amir pour , Ghorashi Zohreh , Khalilabadi Sakineh Mirzaei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have investigated the effect of various pharmacological forms of hyoscine to reduce the duration of labor. However, no study has been performed to investigate the effect of cervical hyoscine on the length of the first and second stages of labor. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cervical hyoscine on the duration of the first and second stages of labor in nulliparous women referred to Nik Nafs maternity hospital in Rafsanjan in 2021. Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial, a population of 120 women who had cervical dilatation of at least 4 cm and regular uterine contractions entered the study and randomly assigned to intervention (n=60) and control (n=60) group. The intervention group received 1 ml of hyoscine (equivalent to 20 mg) single dose and the control group received 1 ml of single-dose distilled water with needleless syringes cervically. All the required information including dilatation at the time of injection, length of the first and second and third stages of labor, Apgar score of one and five minutes and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage were accurately recorded in the checklist. Data were analyzed using Independent two-sample t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: In the intervention group, 9 women (0.15%) and in the control group 17 women (28.3%) delivered by cesarean section. The mean duration of the first, second and third stages of labor (minutes) were not significantly different in the two groups (p <0.05). Also, there was not statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of abnormal postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal Apgar scores.Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that cervical administration of hyoscine for facilitating vaginal delivery may reduce the cesarean section rate without maternal or fetal side effects. Further studies are recommended.Trial registration: This clinical trial was registered in the IRCT system with the code IRCT20181219042051N3.
Lower leg blood pressure decreases while calf external pressure increases with the angulation of the Trendelenburg position in the lithotomy position with calf- and foot-supported leg holders
Authors: Mizuno Ju , Iijima Satomi , Takahashi Toru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Patients who underwent lower abdominopelvic surgeries in the lithotomy position (LP) and the Trendelenburg position (TP) with the leg holder are at risk of developing well leg compartment syndrome (WLCS). However, contributing factors related to the LP with TP associated with WLCS are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between external pressure at the calf in the LPs at different angulations of the TP and physiological characteristics.
Methods
Eighty-four university students (age, 21.7 ± 0.9; 42 men and 42 women) voluntarily participated in the study. The awake participants were placed in the LPs using the calf- and foot-supported leg holder at 0° (horizontal level), 5°, 10°, and 20° head-down tilts by moving the electric operating table. The peak contact pressure (pCP) was measured at the calf as a representative external pressure using the pressure distribution measurement system BIG-MAT®.
Results
Lower leg blood pressure significantly decreased with TP angulation, while calf pCP significantly increased with it at 0°, 5°, 10°, and 20° head-down tilts (39.4 ± 15.2, 46.5 ± 17.7, 47.2 ± 16.9, and 50.3 ± 17.6 mmHg, respectively). The calf pCP with a 10° head-down tilt was correlated positively with the calf total force (P < 0.001) and negatively with the calf contact area (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Blood hypoperfusion due to low lower leg blood pressure secondary to lower leg elevation and head-down tilt, and high calf external pressure due to direct external compression from the leg holder where it is loaded may contribute to WLCS.
Protective effect of silymarin nanoemulsion on 5-fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in rats
Authors: Safarpour Soheila , Safarpour Samaneh , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar , Kazemi Sohrab , Ebrahimpour Anahita , Shirafkan Fatemeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose: 5-Fluorouracil (5FUra) is the third most popular chemotherapeutic component employed to treat solid tumors. Silymarin (SM), a flavonoid, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects on gastrointestinal diseases. In the present study, we aimed to appraise the silymarin (SM) and silymarin nanoemulsion (SMN) effect on 5FUra-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in adult male rats. Methods: Total of 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups including the control, SMN (5 mg.kg-1), SM (5 mg.kg-1), 5FUra+SMN (5 mg.kg-1), and 5FUra +SM (5 mg.kg-1) for 14 days, and 5FUra (100 mg.kg-1). Gastrointestinal toxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 5‐FUra (100 mg.kg-1). The control group received an intraperitoneal injection (ip) of normal saline and the treatment groups received ip injection of SM and SMN for 14 days. Results: Treating with SM and SMN diminished raised malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, histopathological degenerations, increased interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression induced by 5FUra in gastrointestinal tissues, and improved total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels and oral ulcerations. The body weight of rats was prevented to decrease particularly in the SMN group. Hence, treatment with SM and SMN reduced oxidative stress, histopathological degeneration, and the gene expression of inflammatory markers in the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion: The results indicated that treatment with SM and SMN markedly decreases the gastrointestinal toxicity caused by 5FUra.
Genetic evaluation of Theobroma grandiflorum hybrid families for fruit yield and resistance to witches’ broom
Authors: Chaves Saulo Fabrício da Silva , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , Alves Rodrigo Silva , Alves Rafael Moysés , Evangelista Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho , Dias Kaio Olimpio das Graças 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Theobroma grandiflorum is a perennial fruit-bearing species with a long breeding cycle (~ 12 years). In multi-harvest data analyses, one frequently observes heteroscedasticity and genetic/statistical imbalance, which requires adequate statistical methods. This study aimed to compare the adequacy of multi-harvest models with homogenous and heterogeneous residual variance and to define the optimal number of harvests for an accurate genetic selection of T. grandiflorum families with high fruit yield persistence and resistance to witches’ broom. We used a generalized linear mixed model to analyse the resistance to witches’ broom. The data refers to an unbalanced trial with 34 triple-cross hybrid families, arranged in a randomized complete block design. We evaluated these families throughout nine consecutive harvests regarding fruit yield and resistance to witches’ broom. The variance components, genetic parameters and genotypic values were estimated/predicted through residual maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction methodologies. The model with heterogeneous residuals had a better fit than the homogeneous model for the fruit yield trait, according to Akaike information criterion. The results attest to the genetic variability in the evaluated population. To select the best individual for the next breeding cycle, three and two harvests are enough for selecting accurately for fruit yield and resistance to witches’ broom, respectively. For commercial release, nine harvests are necessary for both traits. We identified ten high-performance families regarding fruit yield persistence and resistance to witches’ broom.
Methionine metabolism is down-regulated in heart of long-lived mammals
Authors: Mota-Martorell Natalia , Jove Mariona , Berdún Rebeca , Òbis Èlia , Barja Gustavo , Pamplona Reinald 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Methionine constitutes a central hub of intracellular metabolic adaptations leading to an extended longevity (maximum lifespan). The present study follows a comparative approach analyzing methionine and related metabolites and amino acids profiles using a LC-MS/MS platform in heart from seven mammalian species with a longevity ranging from 3.8 to 57 years. Our findings demonstrate the existence of species-specific heart phenotypes associated with high longevity characterized by: i) low concentration of methionine and its related sulphur-containing metabolites; ii) low amino acid pool; and iii) low choline concentration. Our results support the existence of heart metabotypes characterized by a down-regulation in long-lived species, supporting the idea that in longevity less is more.
Is Ventricular Lavage The Novel Treatment For Neonatal Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus? A Meta analysis
Authors: Parenrengi Muhammad Arifin , Ranuh I. G. M Aswin R. , Suryaningtyas Wihasto 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
IntroductionIntraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) may produce obliterative arachnoiditis, which disrupts the flow and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), resulting in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). PHH gives a high risk of neurofunctional impairment. Drainage, irrigation and fibrinolytic therapy (DRIFT) and neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) is the treatment options for PHH. This review’s aim is to determine the best treatment for PHH.Methods This review is a meta-analysis using the PRISMA method guideline, including the clinical studies comparing ventricular lavage (VL)/ DRIFT/ NEL with conventional treatment for PHH between 2000 and 2021.Results VL group reduce the shunt dependency compared to conventional treatment (OR = 0.22; 95CI 0.05 to 0.97; p = 0.05). VL group has less infection risk compared to the conventional treatment group (RR = 0.20; 95CI 0.07 to 0.59; p < 0.05). VL group may reduce the multiloculated hydrocephalus (OR = 0.27; 95CI 0.12 to 0.63; p < 0.05). The severe neurofunctional outcome is similar between the two groups (OR = 0.99; 95CI 0.13 to 7.23; p = 0.99). The early approach treatment group may give better neurofunctional outcome compared to the late approach (OR = 0.14; 95CI 0.06 to 0.35; p < 0.05).ConclusionVL reduce the shunt dependency on the PHH, decreasing the shunt’s related infection rate. The early ventricular lavage may give benefit for the neurocognitive outcome.
Temporal Trends in the Burden of Non-communicable Diseases in Countries with the Highest Malaria Burden, 1990-2019: Evaluating the Double Burden of Non-communicable and Communicable Diseases in Epidemiological Transition
Authors: Li Zhuo , Shi Junyi , Li Na , Wang Minmin , Jin Yinzi , Zheng Zhijie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan African countries, where 96% of global malaria deaths occur. This study aimed to investigate the disease burden of NCDs in countries with the current highest malaria mortality.
Methods
Data for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study (1990–2019). We selected the ten countries with malaria's highest age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) and identified and ranked the five NCDs with the highest ASMR in each country. Measures of the NCDs disease burden included ASMR, age-standardised disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lost due to a disability (YLD). The Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to examine the trends of the NCDs disease burden from 1990 to 2019.
Results
As of 2019, the ASMR of chronic liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, hypertensive heart disease and stroke were higher than the global average. From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease increased by 3.0%, 8.6%, 13.3%, and the age-standardised DALY rate increased by 3.7%, 24.4%, 6.3%, of which the increases tended to be younger in most of the selected countries.
Conclusion
The double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases is crippling the health systems of many sub-Saharan African countries and is often neglected. The prevention, surveillance, and control of diseases require an integrated strategy, with governments and non-government organisations aligned and supported by the global initiative.
Subtype distribution of lymphomas in northwestern Iran: A retrospective analysis of 659 cases according to World Health Organization classification
Authors: Jalili Javad , Vahedi Amir , Danandehmehr Amin , Aynechi Parya , Esfahani Ali , Roosta Yousef , Nateghian Hooman , Asbagh Amirhosein Ghafouri , Hajihoseinlou Fatemeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The distribution of lymphoma subtypes differs strikingly by geographic variations. However, there is limited information on this research in northern Iran. This study aims to evaluate the incidence, subtype, age, sex, and extranodal distribution of lymphomas diagnosed according to the latest WHO classification in a large referral center in northwest Iran.Methods: In a retrospective study, the medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of lymphoma made between 2018 and 2021 were retrieved from the pathology archive of Imam Reza Medical Center, Tabriz. Lymphoma diagnosis was also made based on the appreciation of morphologic and immunophenotypic features and genetic characteristics in the context of clinical presentation.Results: This study includes a total of 659 patients with lymphoma diagnosed from 2018 to 2021. The number of lymphoma patients were increased each year, with 51 (7.7 %), 96 (14.6 %), 244 (40.7 %), and 268 (40.7 %) reported from 2018 to 2021, respectively. 59% of the patients were men. The participants' mean age was 50.5±19.8 years, while the mean age at diagnosis was 49.3±19.6 years. 2.1% were precursor lymphoid neoplasm, 61.6% were mature B cell neoplasm, 8.8% were mature T cell neoplasm, and 27.5 percent were Hodgkin lymphoma. The most prevalent subtype of mature B-cell lymphoma was DLBCL (55.1 %), followed by SLL (18.7 %). Extranodal involvement was seen in 40.5% of all cases. Conclusion: The subtype distribution of lymphomas in northwest Iran is reported and compared with studies all over the world and inside Iran.
Gamma ray detection performance of newly developed MAPD-3NM-II photosensor with LaBr3(Ce) crystal
Authors: Holik Michael , Ahmadov Farid , Sadigov Azer , Ahmadov Gadir , Berikov Daniyar , Mamedov Fadahat , Naghiyev Jalal , Stekl Ivan , Sadygov Ziraddin , Mammadli Arzu , Garibli Aydan , Urban Ondrej , Zich Jan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to gamma-ray detection performance of the newly developed MAPD-3NM-II type SiPM sensor array (4x4) with LaBr3(Ce) scintillator. The gamma-ray spectra of various sources have been measured in the energy range from 26 keV up to 1332 keV. The newly developed array based on MAPD-3NM-II sensors proved ∼22 % enhancement in energy resolution in comparison to the former MAPD-3NM-I based array. The energy resolution of 662 keV gamma-rays measured by MAPD-3NM-II was 3.3 % while clearly surpassing 4.25 % resolution of MAPD-3NM-I predecessor. The enhancement is related to the high PDE of the new MAPD-3NM-II. Obtained results show that the new MAPD-3NM-II demonstrated good energy resolution and linearity in the studied energy region. The energy resolution of the new detector developed based on MAPD-3NM-II was better than all previous products of MAPD.
Numerical study of the effect of ultrasound waves on the turbulent flow with chemical reaction in the combustion chamber
Authors: shateri Amirali , jalili Bahram , saffar Saber , Jalili Payam , Ganji Davood Domiri 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the present study, a numerical analysis of turbulent flow in a combustion chamber in 5 milliseconds limited the Reynolds number 16700 by applying a 20 kHz wave from a Bowl-shaped diffusion source over 1 second to process temperature reduction. This study aims to improve the combustion process time and further turbulence of the flow to increase the combustion rate and reduce unburned hydrocarbons in the walls. The k - ω model uses the turbulence–chemistry interaction modeled using the eddy dissipation concept. Two methods have been proposed: relocating the nozzles and applying waves which caused Increasing CO2 combustion from 0.31 to 0.34 by decreasing the distance between nozzles. Also, a spray angle of 45° was introduced as the best angle to reduce the fuel film on the walls and improve combustion. Furthermore, using ultrasound waves, the transfer of flame concentration from the walls to the center of the chamber occurred, which reduced unburnt hydrocarbons on the walls. Wave application improves the flame and creates wrinkles at the edges of the flame, which ultimately leads to a 10% improvement in the performance of the combustion process.
Talking Heads: Bone conduction facilitates self-other voice discrimination
Authors: Orepic Pavo , Kannape Oliver Alan , Faivre Nathan , Blanke Olaf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One’s own voice is one of the most important and most frequently heard voices and the sound we associate most with ourselves, and yet, it is perceived as strange when played back in a recording. One of the main reasons is the lack of bone conduction that is inevitably present when hearing own voice while speaking. The resulting discrepancy between experimental and natural self-voice stimuli has significantly impeded self-voice research, rendering it one of the least investigated aspects of self-consciousness. Accordingly, factors that contribute to self-voice perception remain largely unknown. In a series of three studies, we rectified this ecological discrepancy by augmenting experimental self-voice stimuli with bone-conducted vibrotactile stimulation that is present during natural self-voice perception. Combining voice-morphing with psychophysics, we demonstrate that specifically self-other but not familiar-other voice discrimination improved for stimuli presented using bone as compared to air conduction. Furthermore, our data outline independent contributions of familiarity and acoustic processing to separating the own from another’s voice: although vocal differences increased general voice discrimination, self-voices were more confused with familiar than unfamiliar voices, regardless of their acoustic similarity. Collectively, our findings show that concomitant vibrotactile stimulation improves auditory self-identification, thereby portraying self-voice as a fundamentally multimodal construct.
Triglyceride-Glucose Index is significantly associated with the risk of hyperuricemia in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Li Qiuhong , Shao Xian , Zhou Saijun , Cui Zhuang , Liu Hongyan , Wang Tongdan , Fan Xiaoguang , Yu Pei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has been proposed to be a simple, economical, and reliable marker of insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate whether TyG is an independent predictor of hyperuricemia in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) populations by conducting a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.Methods: A total of 6,471 patients were enrolled in cross-sectional analysis, and 3,634 patients without hyperuricemia at the baseline were included in longitudinal analysis and were followed up for a median of 23.0 months. Hyperuricemia was categorized as a serum uric acid level ≥420 umol/L (7 mg/dL).Results: In this study, 19.58% of participants had hyperuricemia. In the cross-sectional analysis, multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that the ORs (95% CI) for hyperuricemia in the second, third, and fourth TyG quartiles were 1.29 (95% CI: 0.81–2.06), 1.35 (95% CI: 0.84–2.17), and 3.18 (95% CI:1.99–5.10), respectively, compared with the first quartile. Longitudinally, multivariate Cox regression model revealed that the hazard ratios for hyperuricemia in the upper quartiles of the TyG index were 1.13 (95% CI: 0.76-1.68), 1.73 (95% CI: 1.20-2.51), and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.47-3.10), respectively, compared with the first quartile. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that higher TyG levels predicted higher incidence of hyperuricemia. Moreover, the subgroup analyses revealed that the relationship between TyG levels and hyperuricemia was robust in DKD patients.Conclusion: Our findings indicate a significant independent correlation between the TyG index and the risk of hyperuricemia in DKD patients.
Effects of different fertilization methods on soil microbial community and diversity and crop yield in a sweet potato field
Authors: Zhao Lin , Yan Jianli , Luo Letan , Zhang Hongyun , Shi Jiang , Wang Daoze 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
o Aims Different fertilizers such as microbial fertilizer, vegetable cake, mushroom residue, quicklime, soil conditioner, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer were used, and their effects on soil microbial community and sweet potato yield were studied. Thirty different treatments were set up, and the agronomic traits, quality, and characteristics of sweet potato were determined. The effects of these treatments on soil pH, nutrient indicators, and microbial community structure were also investigated. o Methods Combining field agronomic character investigation, soil nutrient and other indicators determination and bioinformatics analysis of soil microorganisms. o Results Differences among the indicators under different planting modes. Seaweed microbial fertilizer and quicklime + biomass charcoal appropriately increased the growth of sweet potato stems and leaves. Zeolite and sheep manure organic fertilizer appropriately increased the yield of sweet potato. In the case of combined application of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, when the proportion of organic fertilizer was high, the stems and leaves of sweet potato grew vigorously, and when the proportion of compound fertilizer was high, the yield of sweet potato was high. o Conclusions Although both soil nutrient content and organic matter content equally affected sweet potato yield, there were constraints and balances between them, and a higher value of either of them did not provide a better yield. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in soil microorganisms was positively correlated with sweet potato yield. Firmicutes was also associated with yield, no positive correlation was found. Latescibacteria, Ignavibacteriae, and RBG-1 (Zixibacteria) were probably associated with elevated soil pH.