bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Cumulative Annual Radiation Exposure in Young Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Authors: Thind Guramrinder Singh , Hussein Ahmed , Mishra Vedant , Ramachandran Vidhya , Lohia Mehul , Ennala Sravanthi , Guduguntla Nagamani , Dugar Siddharth , Martin Charles , Moghekar Ajit , Sadana Divyajot Singh , Krishnan Sudhir 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for hazardous medical radiation exposure. However, the cumulative annual radiation exposure in ICU survivors remains unknown.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective study of all critically ill adult patients admitted to the 64-bed adult medical ICU at a quaternary medical center. The study included patients aged 18 to 39 years admitted through the year 2013 (January 1, 2013–December 31, 2013) who survived their respective ICU admission.

Results
A total of 353 patients were included in the study. The median cumulative effective dose (CED) for the calendar year was 9.14 mSv (interquartile range, 1.74–27 mSv). In 11.6% of the patients (n = 41), CED was more than 50 mSv, while 5.1% of the patients (n = 18) exceeded annual CED of 100 mSv. Overall, radiation exposure from ICU-related imaging studies was lower than those from other medical settings (mean difference, −9.2 ± 83.6; P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in exposure (ICU versus non-ICU) when restricting the analysis to patients with a CED of greater than 50 and greater than 100 mSv. Eighty-seven percent of the original cohort was alive at the end of the year.

Conclusions
Young ICU survivors are at risk for high annual radiation exposure from both ICU and non-ICU sources. A subset is exposed to hazardous annual radiation exposure in excess of 100 mSv.
Rise and fall of interactions with brand communities
Authors: Arablooye Moghaddam Saeed , Esfidani Mohammad Rahim 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of consumer relationships with brand communities on behavioral interactions on Instagram. The objective is to identify different types and stages of relationships between consumers and brand communities on Instagram using social penetration theory and explain the behavioral interactions of consumers resulting from these relationships across different stages.Design/methodology/approachA mixed method strategy was employed combining a qualitative multi-case study and an online survey. Eight individuals following restaurant and apparel brands on Instagram participated in the first study and 202 samples participated in the online survey.FindingsFifteen different types of relationships were identified between consumers and brand communities on Instagram and were classified into five stages ranging from orientation to de-penetration. The results reveal that behavioral interactions (i.e. consuming and participating) rise across the first four stages of brand community relationship development and fall down at the fifth stage.Originality/valueThis paper introduces new relationship types and stages and brings together different pieces of extant literature to explain the rising and falling of behavioral interactions resulting from consumer relationships with brand communities on Instagram.
Hemin mitigates contrast‐induced nephropathy by inhibiting ferroptosis viaHO‐1/Nrf2/GPX4pathway
Authors: Gao Zhao , Zhang Ziyue , Gu Daqian , Li Yunqian , Zhang Kun , Dong Xiaoli , Liu Lingli , Zhang Jiye , Chen Jimin , Wu Duozhi , Zeng Min 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complication with adverse outcome after iodinated‐contrast injection, yet still lacking effective medication. Heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) has been reported to play an important role against renal injuries. Hemin, a HO‐1 inducer and anti‐porphyria medicine, may have a promising effect against CIN. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of hemin on CIN model and the underlying molecular mechanisms in human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK‐2). To mimic a common condition in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients, CIN was induced by intravenous iopromide in high‐fat fed diabetic rats. We found hemin, given right before iopromide, mitigated CIN with enhanced antioxidative capacity and reduced oxidative stress. HK‐2 cells insulted by iopromide demonstrated decreased cell vitality and rising reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could also be inhibited by hemin. The effects of hemin involved a key molecule in ferroptosis, glutathione peroxidase (GPX4), whose down‐expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) reversed the effect of hemin on HK‐2 cells. Furthermore, hemin's induction of GPX4 involved HO‐1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2). Either HO‐1 or Nrf2 inhibitor prevented hemin's effect on GPX4 to a comparable extent, and over‐expression of Nrf2 increased GPX4 expression. Moreover, intervention of ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin‐1 also alleviated CIN in vivo. Therefore, we showed hemin mitigated CIN, inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis, by upregulation of GPX4 via activation of HO‐1/Nrf2. Hemin, as a clinical medicine, has a translational significance in treating CIN, and anti‐ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for CIN.
Does Reshoring Affect the Resilience and Sustainability of Supply Chain Networks? The Cases of Apple and Jaguar Land Rover
Authors: Choudhary Nishat Alam , Ramkumar M. , Schoenherr Tobias , Rana Nripendra P. , Dwivedi Yogesh K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtending the notion that reshoring can have a significant impact on a firm's supply network owing to the associated location decisions, we explore how reshoring influences the resilience and sustainability of a focal firm's supply network. While reshoring is triggered by aspects related to both the home (domestic) and the host (foreign) country, frequently more favourable aspects in the home country lead to the reshoring decision. To investigate these dynamics, we construct two large‐scale networks consisting of 2066 and 1283 firms, respectively, capturing the supply networks of Apple and Jaguar Land Rover. Both networks have been experiencing the reshoring of previously foreign suppliers to domestic locations. Our investigation captures the network dynamics created by this relocation of tier 1 suppliers for the overall supply chain network, that is, also for higher‐tier/sub‐tier suppliers. The results reveal, contrary to our expectations, that indirect (sub‐tier) foreign suppliers positively influence the network's resilience, with this impact, however, being negatively moderated by their degree centrality, that is, the number of ties a node possesses. In addition, existing indirect (sub‐tier) domestic suppliers do not have a significant influence on the resilience of the network. No evidence was found for the impact of reshoring on sustainability. Overall, our study contributes to the reshoring literature by delineating its influence on both the resilience and the sustainability of a focal firm's supply chain network.
Protocol for an individual patient data meta‐analysis on blood pressure targets after cardiac arrest
Authors: Skrifvars Markus B. , Ameloot Koen , Grand Johannes , Reinikainen Matti , Hästbacka Johanna , Niemelä Ville , Hassager Christian , Kjaergaard Jesper , Åneman Anders , Tiainen Marjaana , Nielsen Niklas , Ullen Susann , Dankiewicz Josef , Olsen Markus Harboe , Jørgensen Caroline Kamp , Saxena Manoj , Jakobsen Janus C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypotension is common after cardiac arrest (CA), and current guidelines recommend using vasopressors to target mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) higher than 65 mmHg. Pilot trials have compared higher and lower MAP targets. We will review the evidence on whether higher MAP improves outcome after cardiac arrest.MethodsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis will be conducted based on a systematic search of relevant major medical databases from their inception onwards, including MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), as well as clinical trial registries.We will identify randomised controlled trials published in the English language that compare targeting a MAP higher than 65–70 mmHg in CA patients using vasopressors, inotropes and intravenous fluids. The data extraction will be performed separately by two authors (a third author will be involved in case of disagreement), followed by a bias assessment with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool using an eight‐step procedure for assessing if thresholds for clinical significance are crossed. The outcomes will be all‐cause mortality, functional long‐term outcomes and serious adverse events. We will contact the authors of the identified trials to request individual anonymised patient data to enable individual patient data meta‐analysis, aggregate data meta‐analyses, trial sequential analyses and multivariable regression, controlling for baseline characteristics. The certainty of the evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We will register this systematic review with Prospero and aim to redo it when larger trials are published in the near future.ConclusionsThis protocol defines the performance of a systematic review on whether a higher MAP after cardiac arrest improves patient outcome. Repeating this systematic review including more data likely will allow for more certainty regarding the effect of the intervention and possible sub‐groups differences.
Interplay between PCOS and microbiome: The road less travelled
Authors: Batra Manya , Bhatnager Richa , Kumar Anil , Suneja Pooja , Dang Amita Suneja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated neuro‐endocrinal, reproductive, and metabolic condition. It encompasses patterns such as hyperandrogenism, recurrent cysts triggered by steroidogenic functional aberrations in the ovaries, overweight, chronic inflammation, and more. The underlying cause of this heterogeneous illness is obscure, although it is suspected to be driven by a blend of environmental and hereditary factors. In recent years, the connection between the microbiome and PCOS has been acknowledged and is thought to be involved in the genesis of the syndrome's emergence. Microbiota vary in different pathological features of PCOS, and fundamental pathways linked to their involvement in the commencement of diverse clinical presentations in PCOS open up a new avenue for its management. Prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotic, and fecal‐microbiota‐transplant, by promoting eubiosis and nullifying the effect caused by the altered microbial profile in PCOS women, can aid in management of diverse phenotypes associated with the syndrome. These microbiota‐mediated treatments improve PCOS women's metabolic, inflammatory, and hormonal profiles. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms that drive this positive effect.
Laparoscopic surgical skill evaluation with motion capture and eyeglass gaze cameras: A pilot study
Authors: Matsumoto Shiro , Kawahira Hiroshi , Oiwa Kosuke , Maeda Yoshitaka , Nozawa Akio , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Hosoya Yoshinori , Sata Naohiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionAn eyeglass gaze camera and a skeletal coordinate camera without sensors attached to the operator's body were used to monitor gaze and movement during a simulated surgical procedure. These new devices have the potential to change skill assessment for laparoscopic surgery. The suitability of these devices for skill assessment was investigated.Material and MethodsSix medical students, six intermediate surgeons, and four experts performed suturing tasks in a dry box. The tip positions of the instruments were identified from video recordings. Performance was evaluated based on instrument movement, gaze, and skeletal coordination.ResultsTask performance time and skeletal coordinates were not significantly different among skill levels. The total movement distance of the right instrument was significantly different depending on the skill level. The SD of the gaze coordinates was significantly different depending on skill level and was less for experts. The expert's gaze stayed in a small area with little blurring.ConclusionsThe SD of gaze point coordinates correlates with laparoscopic surgical skill level. These devices may facilitate objective intraoperative skill evaluation in future studies.
Welfare worries: a preliminary, cross‐sectional study of general practice, small animal veterinarians perceptions and management of canine and feline behaviour problems
Authors: Hevern ME 
Published: May 2022

Behavioural disease is one of the leading reasons for euthanasia in shelter dogs and cats. Information acquired via a survey of veterinarians (n = 59) was used to understand the way canine and feline behaviour problems are viewed and managed by nonshelter, small animal general practice veterinarians. Participants (20%, n = 12) felt that the following diseases were more of a welfare issue than behaviour problems: food sensitivity, osteoarthritis, puppy/kitten farms, skin disease, nutritional disease, parasitic disease, dental disease, obesity, in‐breeding, over‐population, neoplasia, greyhound racing, hyperthyroidism and renal disease. Behaviour problems in dogs and cats were not ranked in the top four welfare problems by 40% (n = 23) of respondents. Behaviour case follow‐up was poorer than physical health case follow‐up. Respondents (20%, n = 12) felt that veterinarians should ‘possibly’ be able to identify behaviour problems in dogs and cats, and 54% (n = 32) felt that this was ‘absolutely’ their professional responsibility. Twelve percent (n = 7) would reschedule behaviour appointments that had been booked in for them. Behaviour was more likely to be seen as a welfare issue by more experienced veterinarians and also, those with shelter experience. Half of respondents felt reluctant to discuss behaviour problems with clients because of deficiencies in behaviour knowledge. Eighty percent (n = 47) felt their education equipped them poorly or extremely poorly in dealing with behaviour problems in dogs and cats. Consideration should be given for the inclusion of adequate behavioural medicine content in veterinary medicine curriculum to allow for graduates to possess a basic level of training and competency in this discipline.
A single immunization with cellular vaccine confers dual protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 and cancer
Authors: Shimizu Kanako , Ueda Shogo , Kawamura Masami , Satoh Mikiko , Fujii Shin‐ichiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe efficacy of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines has been demonstrated; however, emerging evidence suggests insufficient protection in certain immunocompromised cancer patients. We previously developed a cell‐based anti‐cancer vaccine platform involving artificial adjuvant vector cells (aAVCs) capable of inducing a strong adaptive response by enhancing the innate immunity. aAVCs are target antigen‐transfected allogenic cells that simultaneously express the natural killer T‐cell ligand–CD1d complex on their surface. In the present study, we applied this system for targeting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike protein (CoV‐2‐S) using CoV‐2‐S‐expressing aAVCs (aAVC‐CoV‐2) and evaluated the immune response in a murine model. A single dose of aAVC‐CoV‐2 induced a large amount of CoV‐2‐S‐specific, multifunctional CTLs in addition to CD4+ T‐cell‐dependent anti‐CoV‐2‐S‐specific Abs. CoV‐2‐S‐specific CTLs infiltrated the lung parenchyma and persisted as long‐term memory T cells. Furthermore, we immunized mice with CoV‐2‐S‐ and tumor‐associated antigen (TAA)‐co‐expressing aAVCs (aAVC‐TAA/CoV‐2) and evaluated whether the anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 and antitumor CTLs were elicited. We found that the aAVC‐TAA/CoV‐2‐S therapy exerted apparent antitumor effects and induced CoV‐2‐S‐specific CTLs. These findings suggest aAVC‐TAA/CoV‐2‐S therapy as a promising vaccine candidate for preventing COVID‐19, as well as enhancing the effectiveness of cancer therapies.
Toward continuous improvement of Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients performance reporting: Advances following 2012 consensus conference and future consensus building for 2022 consensus conference
Authors: Israni Ajay K. , Hirose Ryutaro , Segev Dorry L. , Hart Allyson , Schaffhausen Cory R. , Axelrod David A. , Kasiske Bertram L. , Snyder Jon J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) held a consensus conference in 2012 that examined methods used by SRTR for constructing performance metrics and made recommendations on how to improve program‐specific reports. That consensus conference provided 25 recommendations categorized as follows: statistical methods, risk adjustment, and outcomes and data. During the subsequent decade, SRTR has implemented most of these recommendations; these are described in this article along with plans for another consensus conference in 2022. With the present article, SRTR aims to create transparency in the field of transplant metrics and guide discussion in the planning of the next consensus conference in 2022. The new conference will revisit the previous topics and have a broader focus to improve the metrics and information that SRTR provides. Readers can provide feedback on topics to be discussed at the next consensus conference as early as possible, by emailing srtr@srtr.org with the subject line “Task 5 Public Comment.”
Global longitudinal strain by CMR improves prognostic stratification in acute myocarditis presenting with normal LVEF
Authors: Porcari Aldostefano , Merlo Marco , Baggio Chiara , Gagno Giulia , Cittar Marco , Barbati Giulia , Paldino Alessia , Castrichini Matteo , Vitrella Giancarlo , Pagnan Lorenzo , Cannatà Antonio , Andreis Alessandro , Cecere Annagrazia , Cipriani Alberto , Raafs Anne , Bromage Daniel I. , Rosmini Stefania , Scott Paul , Sado Daniel , Di Bella Gianluca , Nucifora Gaetano , Marra Martina Perazzolo , Heymans Stephane , Imazio Massimo , Sinagra Gianfranco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrognostic stratification of acute myocarditis (AM) presenting with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) relies mostly on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) characterization. Left ventricular peak global longitudinal strain (LV‐GLS) measured by feature tracking analysis might improve prognostication of AM presenting with normal LVEF.MethodsData of patients undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for clinically suspected AM in seven European Centres (2013–2020) were retrospectively analysed. Patients with AM confirmed by CMR and LVEF ≥50% were included. LGE was visually characterized: localized versus. non‐localized, subepicardial versus midwall. LV‐GLS was measured by dedicated software. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of an adverse cardiovascular event (ACE) including cardiac death, life‐threatening arrhythmias, development of heart failure or of LVEF <50%.ResultsOf 389 screened patients, 256 (66%) fulfilled inclusion criteria: median age 36 years, 71% males, median LVEF 60%, median LV‐GLS ‐17.3%. CMR was performed at 4 days from hospitalization. At 27 months, 24 (9%) patients experienced ≥1 ACE (71% developed LVEF <50%). Compared to the others, they had lower median LV‐GLS values (−13.9% vs. −17.5%, p = .001). At Kaplan–Meier analysis, impaired LV‐GLS (both considered as > −20% or quartiles), non‐localized and midwall LGE were associated with ACEs. Patients with LV‐GLS ≤−20% did not experience ACEs. LV‐GLS remained associated with ACEs after adjustment for non‐localized and midwall LGE.ConclusionIn AM presenting with LVEF ≥50%, LV‐GLS provides independent prognostic value over LGE characterization, improving risk stratification and representing a rationale for further studies of therapy in this cohort.
European Academy of Neurology 2019 ‐ 2022
Authors: Bassetti Claudio L. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe EAN was founded in 2014 with the mission of reducing the burden of neurological disorders.MethodsIn 2019 the society defined four strategic priorities: education, science, membership, and advocacy. This paper reviews the EAN development in the last 3 years.ResultsThe outbreak of COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 had a profound impact on the entire world and triggered profound changes in the EAN including the implementation of new digital technologies.EducationThe virtual congress in 2020 was the best attended in history (43,844 registrations). The European Training Requirements for Neurology was revised. A mentorship program and a student section were created. A state‐of‐the‐art eLearning platform will be launched in 2022.ResearchTo assess neurological manifestations of COVID‐19 an international registry (ENERGY) was created. Studies on the burden of neurological disorders and sleep disorders, respectively, were started. The first EAN science school took place in 2022.MembershipThe EAN includes 45,000 members and 47 national societies. New task forces were created on gender and diversity, tele‐ and general neurology.AdvocacyIn 2022 the EAN supported the adoption of the Global Action Plan on epilepsy and other neurological disorders by the WHO and the neurological community in the Ukraine. The same year the EAN launched a Brain Health Strategy promoting a non‐disease and ‐age centred, lifelong holistic approach (‘one brain, one life, one approach’).ConclusionThe ongoing pandemic and wars demonstrate the fragility of our political and health systems and the need for people centeredness, international collaborations, solidarity, and digitalization. The EAN will continue promoting excellence in neurological care, science and education as well as brain health for all.
Geographic variation in gene flow from a genetically distinct migratory ecotype drives population genetic structure of coastal Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)
Authors: Breistein Bjoerghild , Dahle Geir , Johansen Torild , Besnier Francois , Quintela Maria , Jorde Per Erik , Knutsen Halvor , Westgaard Jon‐Ivar , Nedreaas Kjell , Farestveit Eva , Glover Kevin Alan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIdentifying how physical and biotic factors shape genetic connectivity among populations in time and space is essential to our understanding of the evolutionary trajectory as well as the management of marine species. Atlantic cod is a widespread and commercially important marine species displaying several ecotypes with different life history strategies. Using three sets of SNPs: neutral, informative, and genome‐inversion linked, we studied population genetic structure of ~2500 coastal Atlantic cod (CC) from 40 locations along Norway's 2500 km coastline, including nine fjords. We observed: (1) a genetic cline, suggesting a mechanism of isolation by distance, characterized by a declining FST between CC and North East Arctic Cod (NEAC—genetically distinct migratory ecotype) with increasing latitude, (2) that in the north, samples of CC from outer‐fjord areas were genetically more similar to NEAC than were samples of CC from their corresponding inner‐fjord areas, (3) greater population genetic differentiation among CC sampled from outer‐fjord areas along the coast, than among CC sampled from their corresponding inner‐fjord areas, (4) genetic differentiation among samples of CC from both within and among fjords. Collectively, these results permit us to draw two main conclusions. First, that differences in the relative presence of the genetically highly distinct, migratory ecotype NEAC, declining from north to south and from outer to inner fjord, plays the major role in driving population genetic structure of the Norwegian CC. Second, that there is limited connectivity between CC from different fjords. These results suggest that the current management units implemented for this species in Norway should be divided into smaller entities. Furthermore, the situation where introgression from one ecotype drives population genetic structure of another, as is the case here, may exist in other species and geographical regions, thus creating additional challenges for sustainable fisheries management.