bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness, acceptability and potential harms of peer support for self-harm in non-clinical settings: systematic review
Authors: Abou Seif Nada , John-Baptiste Bastien Rayanne , Wang Belinda , Davies Jessica , Isaken Mette , Ball Ellie , Pitman Alexandra , Rowe Sarah 
Published: January 2022

Background
Many people who have self-harmed prefer informal sources of support or support from those with lived experience. However, little is known about whether peer support improves outcomes for people who have self-harmed or about the risks of peer support interventions in non-clinical settings.

Aims
The aims of this review were to examine the effectiveness, acceptability and potential risks of peer support for self-harm, and how these risks might be mitigated.

Method
We searched bibliographic databases and grey literature for papers published since 2000. We included peer support for self-harm that occurred in voluntary-sector organisations providing one-to-one or group support, or via moderated online peer support forums.

Results
Eight of the ten papers included focused on peer support that was delivered through online media. No study compared peer support with other treatments or a control group, so limited conclusions could be made about its effectiveness. Peer support for self-harm was found to be acceptable and was viewed as having a range of benefits including a sense of community, empowerment, and access to information and support. The most commonly perceived risk associated with peer support was the potential for triggering self-harm.

Conclusions
Our findings highlighted a range of benefits of being part of a group with very specific shared experiences. Mitigations for potential risks include organisations using professional facilitators for groups, trigger warnings for online forums, and providing regular supervision and training so that peers are prepared and feel confident to support vulnerable people while maintaining their own emotional health.
Effects of Different Doses of Exercise on Inflammation Markers Among Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity: HEPAFIT Study
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , García-Hermoso Antonio , Correa-Rodríguez María , Fernández-Irigoyen Joaquín , Palomino-Echeverría Sara , Santamaría Enrique , Correa-Bautista Jorge Enrique , González-Ruíz Katherine , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Propose
Obesity-related metabolic risk factors in adolescents who are overweight/obese may be associated with systemic low-grade inflammation; therefore, we investigated whether 6 months of exercise training altered markers of inflammation.

Methods
Secondary analyses of a randomized controlled exercise-based intervention trial (September 2017-December 2018). Adolescents aged 11 to 17 years (Tanner stage II-V), 70% girls, with a body mass index z-score at or above the 85th percentile, and/or with excess of adiposity (body fat ≥ 30%). The participants were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups for 6 months: (1) standard physical education lessons, as a control (CTRL); (2) high-intensity physical education class (HIPE); (3) low-to-moderate intensity physical education class (LIPE); (4) a combined group (PLUS). Inflammatory markers and immune molecules including chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors (n = 65 biomarkers) were determined by cytokine antibody array.

Results
Of the 120 randomly assigned participants, 95 were included in the analysis. Considering these 22 proteins, the LIPE group shows statistical significance in 9 proteins with log-fold change (logFC) and P &lt; 0.05 (in BLC, eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor-6 [FGF-6], GCP-2, I-309, IGFBP-4, MCP-4, NAP-2, and PARC), followed by the PLUS group in 9 proteins (BLC, pro-epidermal growth factor, eotaxin, FGF-6, MCP-4, NAP-2, osteopontin, PARC, and RANTES), the HIPE group in 7 proteins (FGF-4, FGF-7, GCP-2, IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-4, and MIP-1 delta), and the CTRL group in 6 proteins (FGF-4, IP-10, Leptin, MCP-1, MIG, and MIP-1 delta). However, subanalysis performed to detect differentially expressed proteins at baseline and after intervention, with significance at an adjusted P value ≤ 0.05 and absolute log fold-change (logFC) ≥ 1.0, showed 3 downregulated proteins in the LIPE group (BLC(logFC) = 1.27, eotaxin(logFC) = 1.18, and MCP-4(logFC) = 1.14), and 4 proteins in the HIPE group (BLC(logFC) = 1.45, FGF-6(logFC) = 1.20, MCP-4(logFC) = 1.50, and PARC(logFC) = 1.33), supporting that the changes we observed in the exercise groups were not time-related changes but occurred in response to exercise.

Conclusions
Implementing a 6-month physical exercise program in overweight/obese adolescents, based on LIPE and PLUS groups, significantly change several circulating inflammatory levels. Interventions involving supervised physical exercise may reduce the associated effects of systemic low-grade inflammation, thus preventing the development of obesity-related metabolic diseases in adolescents with overweight/obesity.
brinker levels regulated by a promoter proximal element support germ cell homeostasis
Authors: Dunipace Leslie , Newcomb Susan , Stathopoulos Angelike 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
A limited BMP signaling range in the stem cell niche of the ovary protects against germ cell tumors and promotes germ cell homeostasis. The canonical repressor of BMP signaling in both the Drosophila embryo and wing disc is the transcription factor Brinker (Brk), yet the expression and potential role of Brk in the germarium has not previously been described. Here, we find that brk expression requires a promoter-proximal element (PPE) to support long-distance enhancer action as well as to drive expression in the germarium. Furthermore, PPE subdomains have different activities; in particular, the proximal portion acts as a damper to regulate brk levels precisely. Using PPE mutants as well as tissue-specific RNA interference and overexpression, we show that altering brk expression within either the soma or the germline affects germ cell homeostasis. Remarkably, we find that Decapentaplegic (Dpp), the main BMP ligand and canonical antagonist of Brk, is upregulated by Brk in the escort cells of the germarium, demonstrating that Brk can positively regulate this pathway.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students of clinical clerkship in South Korea: A qualitative study exploring medical students’ experiences
Authors: Park Kwi Hwa , Yune So Jung , Jung Min Kyu , Kim Yura , Lee Geon Ho , Kim Seong Yong 
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective: In 2020, during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, medical students were placed in a learning environment that exposed them to unsafe clinical settings. In this study, using a phenomenological approach, we analyze the experiences of fourth-year students in the Daegu area of South Korea, a region that experienced a high concentration of COVID-19 infections.
Methods: The essays of 80 students from four medical schools who agreed to participate in the study were utilized in the final data analysis. The data were analyzed using the proposed phenomenological analysis.
Results: Forty-seven condensed meaning units, twelve subthemes, and three essential themes were identified. The main theme includes the following: 1) confusion and stress due to sudden changes in the learning situation 2) learned the medical professionalism of physicians 3) reflection and internal change regarding what it means to be a physician.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on students who participated in clinical clerkships. This study can provide baseline data for planning educational strategies and establishing a support system for students in response to the changes that they may experience in the event of the reoccurrence of a novel infectious disease in the future.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.5031
How to cite this:Park KH, Yune SJ, Jung MK, Kim Y, Lee GH, Kim SY. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students of clinical clerkship in South Korea: A qualitative study exploring medical students’ experiences. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.5031
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Policy Evaluation Network (PEN): Protocol for systematic literature reviews examining the evidence for impact of policies on physical activity across seven different policy domains
Authors: Volf Kevin , Kelly Liam , García Bengoechea Enrique , Casey Bláthín , Gobis Anna , Lakerveld Jeroen , Zukowska Joanna , Gelius Peter , Messing Sven , Forberger Sarah , Woods Catherine ,   Policy Evaluation Network (PEN) Consortium
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Over 40 million deaths annually are due to noncommunicable diseases, 15 million of these are premature deaths and physical inactivity contributes an estimated 9% to this figure. Global responses have included the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (GAPPA). Both point to policy action on physical activity (PA) to address change, yet the impact of policy on PA outcomes is unknown. The protocol described outlines the methodology for systematic literature reviews that will be undertaken by the Policy Evaluation Network (PEN) to address this knowledge gap. Methods: The seven best investments for promotion of population PA identified in the Toronto Charter highlighted seven policy domains (schools, transport, urban design, primary health care systems, public education, community-wide programmes and sport) which will form the basis of these PEN reviews. Seven individual scientific literature searches across six electronic databases will be conducted. Each will use the key concepts of policy, PA, evaluation and a distinct concept for each of the seven policy domains. This will be supplemented with a search of the reference list of included articles. Methodological quality will be assessed and overall effectiveness for each included study will be described according to pre-determined criteria. Conclusions: Each review will provide policy makers with a list of policy statements and corresponding actions which the evidence has determined impact on PA directly or indirectly. By collating the evidence, and demonstrating the depth of the science base which informs these policy recommendations, each review will provide guidance to policymakers to use evidence-based or evidence-informed policies to achieve the 15% relative reduction in physical inactivity as defined by GAPPA. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020156630 (10/07/2020).
Relationships between geomagnetic Ар-indeх and EEG parameters in patients with dysfunction of the neuroendocrine-immune complex
Authors: Tserkovniuk R. , Gozhenko A. , Korolyshyn T. , Lomeyko S. , Fil V. , Anchev A. , Zukow W. , Yanchij R. , Popovych I. 
Published: January 2022

Background. Recently, on the example of two cohort of patients, we found that disturbances of the geomagnetic field cause a significant immediate modulating effect on the level of immune parameters in the blood. The data available in the literature give grounds for assumptions about the direct effect of disturbances of the geomagnetic field on immunocytes, and indirectly, through immunotropic neurotransmitters and hormones. Our hypothesis is as follows. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field are perceived by acupuncture points (APs). The information obtained is transmitted to neurons and endocrinocytes, the mediators of which, in turn, affect immunocytes. The purpose of this study is to test this hypothesis.
Methods. The object of observation were 21 men (24-63 y) and 20 women (30-72 y) with neuroendocrine-immune complex dysfunction. Each patient was tested twice with an interval of 4 days. We recorded the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG). Retrospectively we recorded the geomagnetic Ap-Index on the day of testing and during the previous 7 days, using resource https://www.spaceweatherlive.com/.
Results. The canonical correlation between Ap-indices for 7 days before and on the day of testing, and EEG parameters is 0,886; immunity parameters is 0,921. In turn, the immune parameters are closely related to the EEG parameters (R=0,944).
Conclusion. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) causes a significant immediate modulating effect on the parameters of immunity as well as EEG, apparently through acupuncture points as polymodal receptors of the ecoceptive sensitivity system.
Relationships between geomagnetic Ар-indeх and HRV and endocrine parameters in patients with dysfunction of the neuroendocrine-immune complex
Authors: Tserkovniuk Ruslan , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Korolyshyn Tetyana , Ruzhylo Sofiya , Kikhtan Volodymyr , Fil Vitalij , Anchev Anatoliy , Zukow Walery , Yanchij Roman , Popovych Igor 
Published: January 2022

Background. Recently, on the example of two cohort of patients, we found that disturbances of the geomagnetic field cause a significant immediate modulating effect on the level of immune parameters in the blood. The data available in the literature give grounds for assumptions about the direct effect of disturbances of the geomagnetic field on immunocytes, and indirectly, through immunotropic neurotransmitters and hormones. Our hypothesis is as follows. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field are perceived by acupuncture points. The information obtained is transmitted to neurons and endocrinocytes, the mediators of which, in turn, affect immunocytes. The purpose of this study is to test this hypothesis. Material and methods. The object of observation were 21 men (24-63 y) and 20 women (30-72 y) with neuroendocrine-immune complex dysfunction. Each patient was tested twice with an interval of 4 days. Retrospectively we recorded the geomagnetic Ap-Index on the day of testing and during the previous 7 days, using resource https://www.spaceweatherlive.com/. Recorded the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, determined the plasma level of cortisol, triiodothyronine and testosterone. Results. During the week, the average level of Ap-index ranged from 7 to 13 nT. Maximum coefficients of multiple correlation with HRV&Hormonal parameters were detected for Ap-index on 2 (R=0,506) and 7 (R=0,403) days before testing. The canonical correlation between Ap-indices for 7 days before and on the day of testing, and the HRV&Hormonal parameters is 0,766. In turn, the immune parameters are closely related to the HRV&Hormonal parameters (R=0,714). Conclusion. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) causes a significant immediate modulating effect on the immune, HRV and endocrine parameters, apparently through acupuncture points as polymodal receptors of the ecoceptive sensitivity system.
Revisión Sistemática sobre salud digital en la gestión del absentismo y el retorno al trabajo
Authors: Arevalo Alonso Gema 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: El uso de tecnologías digitales se ha convertido en una estrategia para incrementar la efectividad de los servicios de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto del uso de las herramientas de salud digital sobre la gestión del absentismo laboral y el retorno al trabajo.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo el formato PRISMA en las bases de datos electrónicas Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL y ScienceDirect. La calidad metodológica fue analizada a partir de las herramientas de evaluación crítica del Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).
Resultados: Un total de 24 estudios fueron incluidos en esta revisión, de los cuales se extrajeron resultados muy heterogéneos debido a la variabilidad de métodos de medición. El uso de herramientas digitales contribuía, mayoritariamente, en la mejora de las cifras de absentismo y de retorno a la actividad laboral, no evidenciándose en ninguno que ocasionara un perjuicio. Adicionalmente, en 10 de los estudios se obtuvieron datos sobre presentismo y otros factores influyentes en el absentismo y el retorno a la actividad laboral, como fueron la resiliencia, el compromiso laboral y el desapego psicológico al trabajo.
Conclusiones: El uso de herramientas de salud digital contribuye positivamente en la recuperación de los trabajadores que se encuentran en situación de incapacidad temporal, facilitando la gestión del retorno al trabajo y, por consiguiente, favoreciendo la reducción del absentismo laboral.
Farmers’ Perceptions of Grain Bin Entry Hazards
Authors: Gorucu Serap , Pate Michael Lynn , Fetzer Linda , Brown Stephen 
Published: January 2022

HighlightsSurvey participants had high levels of concern about being injured or killed in a grain bin entry incident.Most survey participants were aware of grain bin entry hazards.Education and training efforts should focus on safe grain bin entry practices as well as rescue procedures.Abstract. Agricultural injury data have shown that grain bin hazards cause many injuries and fatalities every year. To develop effective safety measures, it is necessary to understand farmers’ perceptions of grain bin entry hazards. This survey study was developed and performed to determine farmers’ perceptions of the hazards associated with grain bin entry. The survey was administered both online and at face-to-face agricultural safety events. A total of 162 participants completed surveys, with the majority in New York and Pennsylvania. Most participants were concerned about being injured (77%) or killed (66%) when entering a grain bin. Seventy percent of the participants indicated that they had entered a grain bin alone without an observer, and 60% indicated that they had no written emergency response plan. The participants perceived safety equipment (e.g., gas monitors, lifeline and harness systems, anchor points, respirators, and grain rescue tubes) as valuable, and they were mostly familiar with some of these devices. The participants reported a need for training and short educational videos related to safe grain bin entry. Recommendations for safe grain bin entry should focus on entering bins with an observer present and using lifeline and harness systems, gas monitors, and respirators. Keywords: Grain bin, Hazards, Lifeline, Near miss, Perceptions, Worker safety.
De Chicago a Kent State: un retrato musical de las protestas contra la Guerra de Vietnam
Authors: García Martín Juan Andrés 
Published: January 2022

La participación de Estados Unidos en la guerra de Vietnam generó reacciones de apoyo y rechazo en la sociedad estadounidense. La movilización, en principio dispersa, alcanzó su punto álgido en las protestas acaecidas en la Convención del Partido Demócrata de Chicago en 1968 y en la Universidad de Kent State en 1970. La represión que siguió a estas manifestaciones añadió nuevos argumentos a unas protestas que ya no solo denunciaban la participación en el conflicto sino la restricción de libertades. Todos estos acontecimientos generaron una abundante producción musical por parte de diversos cantautores en forma de canciones de protesta.
A través de un análisis de los contenidos líricos de estas composiciones, este artículo analiza el retrato musical de estas protestas y de la posterior represión. Ello permitirá determinar las preferencias temáticas y clasificar las canciones de acuerdo con esta categorización, así como concretar las cuestiones objeto de denuncia. De este modo, podremos vislumbrar el posicionamiento de los compositores y la descripción de la situación que atravesaba el país.
De Chicago a Kent State
Authors: García Martín Juan Andrés 
Published: January 2022

La participación de Estados Unidos en la guerra de Vietnam generó reacciones de apoyo y rechazo en la sociedad estadounidense. La movilización, en principio dispersa, alcanzó su punto álgido en las protestas acaecidas en la Convención del Partido Demócrata de Chicago en 1968 y en la Universidad de Kent State en 1970. La represión que siguió a estas manifestaciones añadió nuevos argumentos a unas protestas que ya no solo denunciaban la participación en el conflicto sino la restricción de libertades. Todos estos acontecimientos generaron una abundante producción musical por parte de diversos cantautores en forma de canciones de protesta.
A través de un análisis de los contenidos líricos de estas composiciones, este artículo analiza el retrato musical de estas protestas y de la posterior represión. Ello permitirá determinar las preferencias temáticas y clasificar las canciones de acuerdo con esta categorización, así como concretar las cuestiones objeto de denuncia. De este modo, podremos vislumbrar el posicionamiento de los compositores y la descripción de la situación que atravesaba el país.
Functional equations related to higher derivations in semiprime rings
Authors: Ezzat O. H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigate the additivity and multiplicativity of centrally extended higher derivations and show that every centrally extended higher derivation of a semiprime ring with no nonzero central ideals is a higher derivation. Moreover, we study preservation of the center of the ring by a centrally extended higher derivation.
The Brain Selectively Tunes to Unfamiliar Voices during Sleep
Authors: Ameen Mohamed S. , Heib Dominik P.J. , Blume Christine , Schabus Manuel 
Published: January 2022

The brain continues to respond selectively to environmental stimuli during sleep. However, the functional role of such responses, and whether they reflect information processing or rather sensory inhibition, is not fully understood. Here, we present 17 human sleepers (14 females) with their own name and two unfamiliar first names, spoken by either a familiar voice (FV) or an unfamiliar voice (UFV), while recording polysomnography during a full night of sleep. We detect K-complexes, sleep spindles, and microarousals, and assess event-related and frequency responses as well as intertrial phase synchronization to the different stimuli presented during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. We show that UFVs evoke more K-complexes and microarousals than FVs. When both stimuli evoke a K-complex, we observe larger evoked potentials, more precise time-locking of brain responses in the delta band (1–4 Hz), and stronger activity in the high frequency (>16 Hz) range, in response to UFVs relative to FVs. Crucially, these differences in brain responses disappear completely when no K-complexes are evoked by the auditory stimuli. Our findings highlight discrepancies in brain responses to auditory stimuli based on their relevance to the sleeper and propose a key role for K-complexes in the modulation of sensory processing during sleep. We argue that such content-specific, dynamic reactivity to external sensory information enables the brain to enter a sentinel processing mode in which it engages in the important internal processes that are ongoing during sleep while still maintaining the ability to process vital external sensory information.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrevious research has shown that sensory processing continues during sleep. Here, we studied the capacity of the sleeping brain to extract and process relevant sensory information. We presented sleepers with their own names and unfamiliar names spoken by either an FV or a UFV. During NREM sleep, UFVs elicited more K-complexes and microarousals than FVs. By contrasting stimuli that evoked K-complexes, we demonstrate that UFVs evoked larger, more synchronized brain responses as well as stronger power at high frequencies (>16 Hz) relative to FVs. These differences in brain responses disappeared when no K-complexes were evoked. Our results suggest a pivotal role for K-complexes in the selective processing of relevant information during NREM sleep.