bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Transfer Assisted Fast X‐ray Detection in Direct/Indirect Hybrid Perovskite Wafer
Authors: Liu Lulu , Li Weijun , Feng Xiaopeng , Guo Chunjie , Zhang Huimao , Wei Haotong , Yang Bai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskite scintillators encounter unprecedented opportunities in indirect ionizing radiation detection due to their high quantum yields. However, the long scintillation lifetime of microseconds upon irradiation, known as the afterglow phenomenon, obviously limits their fast development. Here, a new type of hybrid X‐ray detector wafer combining direct methylamine lead iodide (MAPbI3) semiconductor and indirect zero‐dimensional cesium copper iodide (Cs3Cu2I5) scintillator through low‐cost fast tableting processes is reported. Due to the fast energy transfer from Cs3Cu2I5 to MAPbI3, the device response time to X‐rays is dramatically reduced by nearly 30 times to 36.6 ns, which enables fast X‐ray detection capability by a large area detector arrays within 1 s. Moreover, Cs3Cu2I5 exists at the grain boundaries of MAPbI3 crystals, and blocks the paths of mobile ions of perovskite, leading to the lowest detectable dose rate of hybrid X‐ray detector is thus reduced by 1.5 times compared with control MAPbI3 direct‐type semiconductor, and 10 times compared with the Cs3Cu2I5 indirect‐type scintillator. The direct/indirect hybrid wafer also exhibits improved operation stability at ambient conditions without any encapsulation. This new kind of hybrid X‐ray detectors provides strong competitiveness by combining the advantages of both direct perovskite semiconductors and indirect perovskite scintillators for next‐generation products.
Towards Mapping Mouse Metabolic Tissue Atlas by Mid‐Infrared Imaging with Heavy Water Labeling
Authors: Liu Xinwen , Shi Lixue , Shi Lingyan , Wei Mian , Zhao Zhilun , Min Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding metabolism is of great significance to decipher various physiological and pathogenic processes. While great progress has been made to profile gene expression, how to capture organ‐, tissue‐, and cell‐type‐specific metabolic profile (i.e., metabolic tissue atlas) in complex mammalian systems is lagging behind, largely owing to the lack of metabolic imaging tools with high resolution and high throughput. Here, the authors applied mid‐infrared imaging coupled with heavy water (D2O) metabolic labeling to a scope of mouse organs and tissues. The premise is that, as D2O participates in the biosynthesis of various macromolecules, the resulting broad C‐D vibrational spectrum should interrogate a wide range of metabolic pathways. Applying multivariate analysis to the C‐D spectrum, the authors successfully identified both inter‐organ and intra‐tissue metabolic signatures of mice. A large‐scale metabolic atlas map between different organs from the same mice is thus generated. Moreover, leveraging the power of unsupervised clustering methods, spatially‐resolved metabolic signatures of brain tissues are discovered, revealing tissue and cell‐type specific metabolic profile in situ. As a demonstration of this technique, the authors captured metabolic changes during brain development and characterized intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Altogether, the integrated platform paves a way to map the metabolic tissue atlas for complex mammalian systems.
The cost of doing politics: A critical discursive analysis of Australian liberal politicians’ responses to accusations by female politicians of bullying and intimidation
Authors: Sorrentino Jasmin , Augoustinos Martha , Le Couteur Amanda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent conversations prompted by the #MeToo and #TimesUp movements have put issues of workplace sexism, sexual harassment and sexual assault into the global spotlight. This paper examines how members of the Australian Liberal Party made sense of, and responded to, accusations by female Liberal MPs of bullying and intimidation in their party. Transcripts of media interviews identified by searching the ParlInfo database (between August and September 2018) were analysed using a critical discursive psychology approach. Two discursive repertoires were routinely mobilised in Liberal politicians’ accounts: (1) a gender‐neutral repertoire whereby reported incidents of bullying were argued to apply equally to men and women, and (2) a ‘politics is tough’ repertoire that served to downplay and legitimise bullying and intimidation as normative and unproblematic. We argues that such repertoires functioned to silence talk about the relevance of gender and the persistence of inequality. The bullying and intimidation experienced by women may continue to be the cost of their political engagement unless systemic change occurs that acknowledges the ongoing relevance of gender in politics.
Beyond a Linker: The Role of Photochemistry of Crosslinkers in the Direct Optical Patterning of Colloidal Nanocrystals
Authors: Lu Shaoyong , Fu Zhong , Li Fu , Weng Kangkang , Zhou Likuan , Zhang Lipeng , Yang Yuchen , Qiu Hengwei , Liu Dan , Qing Wenyue , Ding He , Sheng Xing , Chen Menglu , Tang Xin , Duan Lian , Liu Wenyong , Wu Longjia , Yang Yixing , Zhang Hao , Li Jinghong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface chemistry mediated direct optical patterning represents an emerging strategy for incorporating colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) in integrated optoelectronic platforms including displays and image sensors. However, the role of photochemistry of crosslinkers and other photoactive species in patterning remains elusive. Here we show the design of nitrene‐ and carbene‐based photocrosslinkers can strongly affect the patterning capabilities and photophysical properties of NCs, especially quantum dots (QDs). Their role beyond physical linkers stems from structure‐dictated electronic configuration, energy alignment and associated reaction kinetics and thermodynamics. Patterned QD layers with designed carbene‐based crosslinkers fully preserve their photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties. Patterned light emitting diodes (QLEDs) show a maximum external quantum efficiency of ≈12 % and lifetime over 4800 h, among the highest for reported patterned QLEDs. These results would guide the rational design of photoactive species in NC patterning and create new possibilities in the monolithic integration of NCs in high‐performance device platforms.
Hydrogen Isotope Effects on Aqueous Electrolyte for Electrochemical Lithium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Chou Jia , Zhao Yao , Li Xue‐Ting , Wang Wen‐Peng , Tan Shuang‐Jie , Wang Ya‐Hui , Zhang Juan , Yin Ya‐Xia , Wang Fuyi , Xin Sen , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs two stable hydrogen isotopes, protium and deuterium show magnified isotope effects in physicochemical properties due to the significantly varied atomic masses. In this work, aqueous electrolytes based on heavy water (D2O) and light water (H2O) were prepared to reveal the electrochemical isotope effects between the hydrogen isotopes. The covalent hydrogen–oxygen bond and intermolecular hydrogen bond in D2O are much stronger than those in H2O, making them thermodynamically more stable. Compared with the H2O‐based electrolyte, the D2O‐based electrolyte shows a broader electrochemical window, a higher percentage of coordinated water and a longer lifetime of hydrogen bond. Because of the above electrochemical isotope effects, the D2O‐based electrolyte shows high anodic stability against operation of high‐voltage layered oxide cathode materials including LiCoO2 and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, which enables long cycle life and favorable rate performance of aqueous Li‐ion batteries.
Nickel/Copper‐Cocatalyzed Asymmetric Benzylation of Aldimine Esters for the Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Quaternary Amino Acids
Authors: Peng Youbin , Han Chongyu , Luo Yicong , Li Guanlin , Huo Xiaohong , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe first asymmetric Ni/Cu cocatalyzed benzylation of aldimine esters is reported. A series of benzyl‐substituted α‐quaternary amino acids could be synthesized in high yield and with high levels of enantioselectivity (up to 90 % yield and 99 % ee). The experimental and theoretical calculation results suggested that the strong electrophilicity of the η3‐benzylnickel intermediate is crucial for the high reactivity, enabling the reaction under base‐free conditions. Furthermore, this method has been applied to the synthesis of the cell adhesion inhibitor BIRT‐377 analogues, and the key intermediate of the NK1 receptor antagonist PD154075 and CCK‐B receptor antagonist CI‐988.
Identifying Crystallographically Different Si−OH−Al Brønsted Acid Sites in LTA Zeolites
Authors: Ahn Sang Hyun , Wang Qiang , Wang Yongxiang , Chu Yueying , Deng Feng , Hong Suk Bong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA clear understanding of the acidic properties of bridging Si−OH−Al groups containing crystallographically different oxygen atoms in zeolites is a prerequisite for optimizing their performance as industrial solid catalysts and developing new acid‐catalyzed reactions, but presents many challenges. Here, we report the direct observation of yet unrecognized bridging Si−OH−Al groups in the LTA zeolite whose oxygen atoms are crystallographically different from those of already known Brønsted acid sites. We also report that the creation of a crystallographically particular type of bridging OH groups in zeolites and its concentration and acid strength can vary strongly with the content and spatial distribution of framework Al atoms, thus being synthetic in nature, which has been rationalized in terms of the secondary building unit concept.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Direct Aminocarbonylation of Ethers: Efficient Access to α‐Amide Substituted Ether Derivatives
Authors: Wang Le‐Cheng , Chen Bo , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEthers are of central importance in the fields of biomass, energy, and organic chemistry. Herein, a novel cobalt‐catalyzed carbonylative coupling of ethers with amines to construct α‐carbonylated ethers has been achieved. Remarkably, Alfuzosin, a medicine for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can be synthesized by this process straightforwardly. Notably, this protocol presents the first example on the direct carbonylative reaction of ethers.
Small Molecules Modulate Liquid‐to‐Solid Transitions in Phase‐Separated Tau Condensates
Authors: Jonchhe Sagun , Pan Wei , Pokhrel Pravin , Mao Hanbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn Tau protein condensates formed by the Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) process, liquid‐to‐solid transitions lead to the formation of fibrils implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Here, by tracking two contacting Tau‐rich droplets using a simple and nonintrusive video microscopy, we found that the halftime of the liquid‐to‐solid transition in the Tau condensate is affected by the Hofmeister series according to the solvation energy of anions. After dissecting functional groups of physiologically relevant small molecules using a multivariate approach, we found that charged groups facilitate the liquid‐to‐solid transition in a manner similar to the Hofmeister effect, whereas hydrophobic alkyl chains and aromatic rings inhibit the transition. Our results not only elucidate the driving force of the liquid‐to‐solid transition in Tau condensates, but also provide guidelines to design small molecules to modulate this important transition for many biological functions for the first time.
Amplified Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence Behavior Triggered by Helical Nanofibers from Chiral Co‐assembly Polymers
Authors: Geng Zhongxing , Zhang Yuxia , Zhang Yu , Quan Yiwu , Cheng Yixiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo chiral binaphthyl polymers (R/S‐P1 and R/S‐P2) with different dihedral angles of the binaphthyl moiety were chosen as chiral inducers to construct chiral co‐assemblies with an achiral pyrene‐naphthalimide dye (NPy) and then acted as the emitting layer (EML) of circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP‐EL) devices. The anchored dihedral angle of R/S‐P2 not only exhibited the enhanced chirality signal, but also had a strong chirality‐inducing effect on the achiral NPy dye in the chiral co‐assembly (R/S‐P2)0.6‐(NPy)0.4. After annealing at 120 °C, the CPL signal (|gem|) of ordered helical nano‐fibers (R/S‐P2)0.6‐(NPy)0.4 was amplified to 5.6×10−2, which was about 6‐fold larger than that of (R/S‐P1)0.6‐(NPy)0.4. The amplified gem value of (R/S‐P2)0.6‐(NPy)0.4 was due to the formation of a helical co‐assembly through the strong π–π stacking interaction between the R/S‐P2 and the achiral NPy. This kind of ordered helical nano‐fibers (R/S‐P2)0.6‐(NPy)0.4 acted as the EML of CP‐OLEDs, and achieved an excellent CP‐EL performance (|gEL|=4.8×10−2).
Preparation and characterization of innovative poly(butylene adipate terephthalate)‐based biocomposites for agri‐food packaging application
Authors: Sciancalepore Corrado , Togliatti Elena , Giubilini Alberto , Pugliese Diego , Moroni Fabrizio , Messori Massimo , Milanese Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present work reports on the preparation and subsequent mechanical, morphological and thermal characterization of composites based on poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT), reinforced with micro‐particles of inorganic bioabsorbable calcium‐phosphate glass (CPG) at different contents up to 40 wt%. The PBAT‐CPG composites were prepared by solvent casting. The resulting composite pellets were used for the injection molding of model 1BA specimens, according to standard UNI EN ISO 527. PBAT‐CPG composites displayed an effective increase of the Young's modulus (E) up to 82% compared to the pristine polymer, while showing a reduction of the yield stress (σy) up to 20%, of the stress at break (σB) up to 46%, of the strain at break (εB) up to 57% and of the toughness (T) up to 72%. The values of E, σy and σB were also compared and validated with theoretical values calculated using Kerner's and Pukanszky's models. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images display homogeneous dispersion and distribution of the filler particles in the polymer matrix with no aggregates or phase separation that would cause a deterioration of the material properties. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy did not show structural variations of the polymer matrix due to the CPG presence. The oxygen permeability in PBAT‐based samples assumes significantly lower values when benchmarked with the permeability of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Among the different composites, a decrease in oxygen permeability is observed as the CPG concentration increases. Regarding water vapor permeability, PBAT‐based samples show a lower barrier effect than polyethylene (PE): in particular, permeability to water vapor assumes an increasing trend as the quantity of filler increases. The tuneable degradation of the final composite materials was defined by the disintegration degree (DD) determination under composting conditions in a laboratory‐scale reactor. The developed materials prove to be valid biodegradable and eco‐friendly alternatives to traditional thermoplastic polymers, such as LDPE, and can be applied in many fields, especially in package and mulch film applications.
Portable gamma ray spectrometry for archaeological prospection: A preliminary investigation at Silchester Roman Town
Authors: Robinson Victoria , Clark Robert , Black Stuart , Fry Robert , Beddow Helen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have suggested the potential value in applying gamma radiation surveys to support identification of buried archaeological features. However, the number of previous studies is very small and has yielded mixed results. The true efficacy of the technique is therefore unclear. Here, we report on an alternative survey method that uses Groundhog®, a portable gamma radiation system with spectrometric capability, to achieve high spatial density monitoring of archaeological sites. The system, which is used extensively in the nuclear industry, was used to carry out preliminary surveys at four different locations within the Silchester Roman Town. Targeting a site for which an extensive amount of archaeological data is available facilitated testing of the method on a range of known target types. Surveys were carried out along 1‐m transects at an approximate walking speed of 1 m per second, resulting in the capture of one radiation measurement per square metre. Total gamma radiation, recorded in counts per second, was presented in the form of surface radiation (contour) maps and compared against existing geophysical data. Total gamma counting consists of counting gamma rays, without energy discrimination, that are spontaneously emitted by the material under investigation. The obtained counts represent the total, or gross, gamma contribution from all radionuclides, both natural background series and anthropogenic. Radiation anomalies were identified in two of the four survey sites. These anomalies correlated with features present in the geophysical data and can be attributed to a Temenos wall bounding the temple complex and an infilled clay pit. Early results suggest that this may be a complementary technique to existing geophysical methods to aid characterization of archaeological sites. However, it is believed that data quality could be significantly improved by further increasing spatial resolution. This will be explored as part of future fieldwork.
Nonlinear disturbance observer‐based adaptive feedback linearized model predictive controller design for a class of nonlinear systems
Authors: Dutta Lakshmi , Kumar Das Dushmanta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdaptive control with less prior information of a nonlinear system subjected to external disturbance and parametric uncertainties is a longstanding problem in the control community. In this paper, a nonlinear disturbance observer‐based adaptive feedback linearized model predictive control (NDO‐AFLMPC) technique is proposed for a class of nonlinear MIMO systems. In this approach, a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is used to observe the external disturbance of the system. A suitable constraint mapping algorithm is developed to map the input–output constraints within the proposed control scheme. Here, a multiple estimation model and the concept of second‐level adaptation technique is used to handle the parametric uncertainty of the real‐time plant. The boundedness of the estimated parameter is solved by developing the projection‐based parameter adaptation laws. Using an aerodynamic laboratory set‐up, known as the twin‐rotor MIMO system (TRMS), the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is verified. The complete state information of the real‐time system is provided to the proposed adaptive controller from an extended Kalman filter (EKF)‐based state observer. The performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared with other existing nonlinear control algorithms in the presence of unknown external disturbance and parametric uncertainties.
Stability analysis and controller design for consensus in discrete‐time networks with heterogeneous agent dynamics
Authors: Cihan Onur 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the heterogeneous consensus problem in directed networks consisting of first‐ and second‐order agents that can only receive the position states of their neighbors. Necessary and sufficient conditions on the controller parameters are obtained in order to achieve consensus in the network. The mathematical expressions of the consensus equilibria are given for two different scenarios. Furthermore, we propose a systematic method for choosing controller parameters to ensure stability in a network of agents with heterogeneous dynamics. Several numerical examples are also provided to illustrate the theoretical results.
Robust stabilization for affine control systems in Banach spaces
Authors: Benzaza Abdelaziz , Brouri Adil , Ouzahra Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the investigation of feedback stabilization of affine control systems on real Banach spaces. Under an appropriate decomposition of the state space, we provide sufficient conditions for exponential stabilization of the system at hand. Furthermore, we show that the proposed feedback law remains a stabilizing control under some types of perturbations on the dynamic and the control operator. Finally, two illustrative examples are provided.
Die Chance des großen Ganzen – Ganzheitliche Gestaltung, Planung und Umsetzung des Autobahnabschnitts der BAB A 3 zwischen Erlangen und Würzburg
Authors: Endres Bernd , Wagner Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAutobahnen sind – mit ihren zahlreichen Bauwerken – nicht nur elementare Grundlage unserer mobilen Zivilisation, sondern auch unübersehbarer und damit prägender Bestandteil unserer gebauten Umwelt und Landschaftsräume. Rund 100 Jahre nach dem Bau der ersten kreuzungsfreien Straßen präsentiert sich das gewachsene Autobahnnetz als Ansammlung meist rein funktionaler Bauwerke aus unterschiedlichen Dekaden. Das ÖPP‐Großprojekt „Ausbau der A 3 zwischen den Autobahnkreuzen Würzburg/Biebelried und Fürth/Erlangen“ ist eine nahezu einmalige Chance, eine der am stärksten befahrenen europäischen Fernstraßenverbindungen auf einem ca. 80 km langen Abschnitt nach einheitlichen Kriterien zu erneuern: zeitlose Gestaltung mit harmonischer Einbindung in stark variierende Landschaftsräume, hohe Materialeffizienz, Dauerhaftigkeit und bestmögliche konstruktive Durchbildung aller Bauteile. Vorzeitige Obsoleszenz durch konstruktive Mängel, Vandalismus oder kurzlebige Gestaltung gilt es zu vermeiden. 2015 begann auf Initiative des Bauherrn eine intensive, interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit Architekten, Bauingenieuren und Landschaftsplanern. Das Resultat war 2017 ein umfassendes Gestaltungshandbuch und, darauf aufbauend, Pflichtenhefte und ‐pläne für die Gestaltung und Konstruktion sämtlicher Brücken und Lärmschutzanlagen des gesamten Projekts. 113 Brücken werden erneuert und mehr als 45 km Lärmschutzanlagen gebaut. Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung der auszubauenden Autobahnstrecke statt der Summierung zahlreicher Einzelmaßnahmen von unterschiedlicher Qualität und Erscheinung, ausgezeichnet mit dem Polis Award in Silber und einer Auszeichnung bei dem Deutschen Brückenbaupreis 2020.
High‐density adherent culture of CHO cells using rolled scaffold bioreactor
Authors: YekrangSafakar Ashkan , Mehrnezhad Ali , Wu Tongyao , Park Kidong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRapid expansion of biopharmaceutical market calls for more efficient and reliable platforms to culture mammalian cells on a large scale. Stirred‐tank bioreactors have been widely used for large‐scale cell culture. However, it requires months of trials and errors to optimize culture conditions for each cell line. In this article, we extend our earlier studies on rolled scaffold (RS) bioreactors for high‐density adherent cell culture and report two new implementations of RSs with greatly enhanced mass‐manufacturability, termed as Mesh‐RS and Fiber‐RS. CHO‐K1 cells were successfully expanded in Mesh‐RS and Fiber‐RS bioreactors with an average growth rate of 1.09 ± 0.04 1/day and 0.95 ± 0.07 1/day, which were higher than those reported in similar studies. Fiber‐RS bioreactor exhibited a very high cell density of 72.8 × 106 cells/ml. Besides, a dialyzer was integrated into the RS bioreactor to remove cellular waste and to replenish nutrients without disturbing the cells. By collecting the dialyzed media separately, the dialysis efficiency was significantly improved. In conclusion, the developed RS bioreactor has a strong potential to provide a highly reliable and easily scalable platform for large‐scale cell culture in the biopharmaceutical industry.