bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on fruit developmental stages and maturity of Indian Olive (Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl.)
Authors: Dey Koyel , Ghosh Arkendu , Bauri Fatik Kumar , Sahu Pradip Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStage of fruit maturity at harvest is the most important factor determining final fruit quality and storage life. Fruit ripening involves a series of complex biochemical reactions and metabolic changes such as hydrolysis of starch, production of carotenoids, anthocyanins and phenolics and the formation of volatile compounds. There is less information regarding physico-chemical changes that may occur during different stages of maturity of ndian olive. Keeping these in view, the present study was carried out during 2015-17 to study the physico-chemical changes during the growth and developmental stages. In this experiment, different physical (Fruit weight, specific gravity, length & breadth) and chemical (TSS, titratable acidity, total sugar, ascorbic acid & total phenol) observations were taken at 5 days interval. Fruit weight was increased from 8.94g (5 days after fruit set) to 22.49g (40 days after fruit set). Highest TSS (9.96obrix) and highest ascorbic acid (48.86mg/100g) was recorded at 40 days after fruit set and it was declined at senescence stage. The growth and developmental stages followed simple sigmoid growth curve following cubic trend model.
International Recruitment of Mental Health Nurses to the National Health Service: A Challenge for the UK
Authors: Phiri Peter , Sajid Sana , Baykoca Ardic , Shetty Suchith , Mudoni Daisy , Rathod Shanaya , Delanerolle Gayathri 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) has been dealing with a shortage in the nursing workforce for the past few decades. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and post-Brexit effects, it is important now more than ever to concentrate on recruiting new staff and retaining current staff in the National Health Service. The increasing demand for mental health services stresses the importance of prioritising recruitment of mental health nurses. One of the main strategies being implemented to combat this shortage is the recruitment of internationally trained mental health nurses. Whilst this is a favourable solution, the multiple challenges this proposal brings makes it hard for the National Health Service to practically implement this to increase staff numbers. In this discursive position paper, we consider the difficulties the National Health Service is currently facing in terms of recruiting mental health nurses and then discuss the importance of and need for international recruitment including the strategies that are currently being implemented. The challenges and obstacles associated with this proposed resolution will also be addressed.
STAT3/ miR-486 /CCL20 regulates the migration and invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Zheng Pengdou , Jiang Weiling , Luo Miao , Wang Lingling , Liu Lu , Zhou Yuhao , Zhang Huojun , Mao Zhenyu , Zhou Ling , Liu Huiguo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was one of the most important subtypes of lung cancer, which had attracted much attention due to its high morbidity and mortality in tumors for a long time. Although the threat of LUAD to human health had been reduced due to the continuous upgrading and innovative medical methods, the 5-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma was less than a quarter. There was a growing need to better understand the molecular mechanisms that influence the development of LUAD. Using bioinformatics methods, we identified 95 genes that were significantly upregulated in LUAD cells compared to normal epithelial cells by differential analysis. These genes were involved in antigen processing and presentation, chemokine signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Among them, CCL20 had attracted attention due to its close association with other up-regulated genes and its influence on the survival of LUAD patients. In this study, single-cell transcriptome analysis and basic experiments confirmed that CCL20 was significantly overexpressed in LUAD, and that the STAT3/ miR-486 /CCL20 axis regulated the vitality, invasion and apoptosis of LUAD cells.
Effect of salinity change on MBR and the construction of an activated sludge model
Authors: Zhong Changming , Huang Lin , Luo Ling , Yuan Ye , Ye Jinmao , Zhong Hui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tungsten smelting wastewater has high salt content and low C/N ratio, making it challenging to treat microbially. In this paper, membrane bioreactor (MBR) increased the concentration of microorganisms and strengthened the processing capacity. During the acclimation period of 3%−5% salinity, the removal rates of COD and NH4+-N fluctuated with salinity changed. Still, the COD, NH4+-N, and TN removal at the end of acclimation was 92.3%, 78%, and 65.78%, respectively. The 16s rRNA sequencing showed that nitrosating bacteria and microorganisms adapted to extreme environments were dominant. Using the ASM1 model and experimental data, a mathematical model suitable for simulating MBR treatment of high-salt wastewater was established. The average deviation between the simulation results and the actual average was within 5%, exhibiting a good prediction.
The effects of ALDH2 Glu487Lys polymorphism on vasovagal syncope patients undergoing head-up tilt test supplemented with sublingual nitroglycerin
Authors: xia guang , JF Jin , Ye Yong , Wang Xiaodong , Hu Bo , JL Pu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and objective: Head-up tilt test (HUTT) is clinically advantageous for diagnosing patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS). Nitroglycerin is mainly used as a stimulant during HUTT, and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is involved in the metabolism of nitroglycerin (NTG). ALDH2 is the most common variant in the East Asian population. This study aimed to assess the effects of ALDH2 Glu487Lys polymorphism (ALDH2 rs671) on VVS patients undergoing HUTT supplemented with sublingual NTG (HUTT-NTG).Methods: Patients with recurrent VVS (at least 2 times) who were admitted to the syncope center of our hospital were enrolled. All VVS patients have undergone HUTT. The polymorphism of Glu487Lys gene (rs671) of ALDH2 was measured by the TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of HUTT-NTG of VVS patients with different ALDH2 genotypes were compared and their hemodynamic characteristics were assessed.Results: A total of 199 VVS patients were enrolled, including 101 patients in the ALDH2*1/*1 group and 99 patients in the ALDH2*2 group. Among patients undergoing HUTT-NTG, 70.3% of patients in the ALDH2*1/*1 group and 68.4% of patients in the ALDH2*2 group were positive, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.77). The proportions of VASIS I, VASIS II, and VASIS III were 40.6%，8.9%，and 20.8% in the ALDH2*1/*1 group, respectively, and the corresponding proportions in the ALDH2*2 group were 36.7%, 11.2%, and 20.4%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.91). The hemodynamic characteristics of different genotypes in VVS patients undergoing HUTT-NTG were compared, and no statistically significant difference was found. The median time of syncopal episode occurred after NTG administration in the ALDH2*1/*1 group was 6 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.0-9.0), and it was 6.0 min in the ALDH2*2 group (IQR: 4.25-8, P = 0.64).Conclusion: ALDH2 Glu487Lys polymorphism did not affect the outcome of VVS patients undergoing HUTT-NTG, and no significant change in the hemodynamic characteristics of different genotypes was found.
Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from China using SSR markers
Authors: Liu Heng , Cheng He , Xu Jun , Hu Jiayi , Zhao Chenchen , Xing Lihua , Wu Zhendong , Peng Daiyin , Yu Nianjun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a perennial herb of the Liliaceae family, which is a traditional medicinal and dietary herb in China. The large-scale introduction of cultivation, asexual reproduction and geographical differences have caused confusion in germplasm resources and variation in plant morphology. Therefore, based on the phenotypic trait identification analysis, 96 Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua germplasm were used as materials to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of germplasm resources from seven different regions using SSR molecular marker technology. Ten polymorphic primer pairs were screened from 50 pairs of SSR primers, and a total of 70 alleles were detected, with an average of 7 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) generated ranged from 0.40–0.86 with a mean value of 0.72. Genetic structure and clustering analyses divided Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua into three populations (JZ population, QY population, and JD population). The genetic diversity analysis showed that the population mean allele number, observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and Shannon's index (I) were 6.90, 0.46, 0.57, and 1.08, respectively. The three populations were genetically differentiated from each other. The plants of the three populations have been changed from morphology to genetics. In this study, the rich genetic diversity of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua was detected with fewer polymorphic primers, indicating the unique advantage of SSR marker technology in the analysis of genetic diversity of closely related species, and providing a reference for scientific management of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua germplasm resources and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
Driving under the Influence of Cannabis: Perceptions from Canadian Youth
Authors: Donnan Jennifer R. , Drakes Dalainey H. , Rowe Emily C. , Najafizada Maisam , Bishop Lisa D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cannabis legalization is intended to protect the public from potential harm by restricting access and promoting greater awareness of cannabis-related risks. Youth are at a greater risk for experiencing road-related harms due to their own or others' use of cannabis. This qualitative research explored youths' perceptions about cannabis and road safety.
Methods
A qualitative study using focus groups (FG) was conducted with youth (age 13–18) and young adults (age 19–25) who resided in Newfoundland and Labrador. Using semi-structured interview questions, the facilitator asked participants to share their opinions about cannabis and road safety. All sessions were hosted virtually using Zoom with recruitment until saturation was met. All sessions were audio recorded, de-identified, and transcribed. Analysis utilized an inductive thematic approach using NVivo.
Results
Six youth (n = 38) and five young adult (n = 53) FG were conducted. Five prominent themes emerged throughout discussions across both age groups including: a) normalization of driving under the influence of cannabis, b) knowledge and awareness, c) perceptions of risk, d) modes of transportation, and e) detection. Variation in perceptions appeared to be influenced by lack of awareness of the impact of cannabis on driving ability, residence in urban versus rural locations, type of vehicle driven (e.g., car vs. off-road vehicles), and gender.
Conclusion
The themes uncovered from this research will help inform future enhancement of cannabis policy to ensure the safety of all citizens. These findings will also support the inclusion of youth-focused education that will equip youth with informed decision-making strategies regarding road safety. Furthermore, these findings can be utilized to inform the refinement of cannabis driving policies to ensure the safety of all citizens on or off the road.
Overcoming Hancornia speciosa seed recalcitrance: harvest season and storage time
Authors: de Souza Juliana Lopes , Nunes Valdinete Vieira , de Freitas Bruno Antonio Lemos , Santos Heloisa Oliveira dos , MANN RENATA SILVA 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Storage of desiccation-tolerant seeds is one of the most effective germplasm conservation strategies; however, several species of tropical and subtropical humid forests have seeds that are sensitive to desiccation, and recalcitrant seeds, making conservation a challenge. Recalcitrant seeds deteriorate during storage due to high respiration rates and metabolic activity, and protocols employing osmoprotective solutions aim to minimize those effects to maintain seed viability for a more extended period. Hancornia speciosa, a fruit tree considered a priority for research in Brazil, is a desiccation-sensitive species. Thus, this study aimed to assess the physiological parameters of viability, vigor, and enzymatic activity of H. speciosa seeds stored in an osmoprotective solution. Germination percentage, water content, electrical conductivity, shoot, root, seedling length, peroxidase activity, and heat-resistant protein concentration were determined for seeds collected during summer and winter harvests. In addition, gene sequences were explored through gene ontology using Blast analysis to identify the biological and molecular processes associated with enzymatic action during storage. Summer-collected seeds performed better in viability and vigor and are recommended for storage in the osmoprotective solution. After being stored in the solution, seeds collected in the winter improved germination and vigor. H. speciosa seeds harvested in the summer or winter and stored in the osmoprotective solution remain viable for up to 90 days. Peroxidase and heat-resistant proteins are active; these enzymes' expression regulation should be investigated in future studies.
Team cohesiveness and efficacy explained outcomes in interprofessional education
Authors: Ganotice Fraide A. , Chan Linda , Shen Xiaoai , Lam Angie Ho Yan , Wong Gloria Hoi Yan , Liu Rebecca Ka Wai , Tipoe George L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
While team cohesiveness and collective efficacy have been construed as important characteristics of a high functioning team, the psychological mechanism through which they promote positive outcomes remains unknown. Yet this mechanism is important to teachers and programme implementers to yield actionable intervention that can be used to craft effective practices for optimizing team outcomes. This is especially true in interprofessional education (IPE) in medical education, where team-based approach in patient management is promoted. Drawing from the social-cognitive theory, we examined a hypothesized model where team cohesiveness predicts collaboration outcomes (teamwork satisfaction, overall satisfaction with the team experience, and IPE goal attainment) via collective efficacy.
Methods
We used data from Chinese medicine, medicine, nursing, and social work students in Hong Kong (n = 285) who were enrolled in IPE. They were invited to respond to scales in two time points. We performed mediation analysis using structural equations modelling to test the hypothesized indirect effect model: team cohesiveness → collective efficacy → outcomes.
Results
Results of structural equation modelling revealed that collective efficacy fully mediated the relationships between team cohesiveness and all three team outcomes, providing support for the hypothesised model [RMSEA = .08, NFI = .90, CFI = .93, IFI = .93, TLI = .93]. Team cohesiveness predicted the achievement of collaboration outcomes via collective efficacy.
Conclusions
The findings demonstrated the important roles of team cohesiveness and collective efficacy in promoting successful team collaboration. Team cohesiveness predicted collective efficacy, and collective efficacy, in turn, predicted collaboration outcomes. This study contributed in theorising the pathways towards successful team collaboration outcomes.
Coffee Arabica Nutrient Deficiency Detection System Using Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Tenaye Firezer , Diriba Chala , Bedaso Muktar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

This study mainly focused on the detection of Coffee Arabica nutrient deficiency by using image processing techniques. Coffee nutrition deficiency techniques are very traditional and time taking which means the agronomists simply detect deficiencies by observing the leaves of the coffee and decide by guessing. The study employed experimental research design which involves dataset preparation, designing classification model and evaluation. In addition, Python programming languages were used. The researcher has 422 total nutritional deficient Coffee plant leaves image data set, from this data first the researcher split 20 percent for testing which is 84 images and 338 training image data, and further from the remaining training data, the researcher again split20 percent validation data which is 10 images. The three pre-trained deep learning models were used to evaluate the experiments. The evaluation of the system indicated the performance of Mobile Net (0.9882), VGG16 Net (0.6471) and Inception_V3 (0.8095). Therefore, testing and training value of Mobile Net model was more accurate than the rest of two models. Finally, the prototype for detection of Coffee nutrient deficiency developed by using Mobile Net deep learning model. For the feature the researchers suggest doing more researchers by using others CNN architectures and more datasets.
Combined Application of Dinitrofluorobenzene and Ovalbumin Induced AD-Like Dermatitis With Upregulated Helper T Cell Cytokines and Prolonged Th2 Response
Authors: Jiang Pengju , Wu Yaguang , Liu Lu , Zhang Lian , Song Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: Progression of acute-to-chronic atopic dermatitis is accompanied by multiple helper T cell cytokine responses, but the mechanisms and relative importance of these changes remains unclear. There is no animal model for atopic dermatitis that recapitulates these cytokine responses.Objective: We sought to build a novel mouse model for Atopic Dermatitis(AD) that recapitulates these helper T cell responses and some dynamic changes of cytokine responses in the progression of AD.Methods: Female BALB/c mice were subjected to the application of Dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB) and Ovalbumin(OVA) to induce AD-like dermatitis. Skin lesions and serum were collected from mice of acute and chronic phase to detect the changes of cytokine responses and other features of AD.Results: Combined application of DNFB and OVA successfully induced AD-like dermatitis and histological changes as well as epidermal barrier dysfunction. In acute phase of AD-like dermatitis, Th2-associated cytokines were mainly increased in serum and skin lesions. In chronic phase of AD-like dermatitis,Th2-associated cytokines were still highly expressed, while Th1- and Th17-associated cytokines were also gradually increased. Compared with acute phase, the JAK-STAT signaling pathway was highly expressed in chronic phase of AD-like dermatitis.Conclusion: The combined application of DNFB and OVA could be used to build a new mouse model for atopic dermatitis. This mouse model recapitulates the helper T cell responses and some dynamic changes of cytokine responses in the progression of acute-to-chronic in human AD. JAK-STAT signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the chronicity of AD.
Comparison of Early and Late Postoperative Outcomes Between Chordal Reconstruction and Quadrangular Resection in Patients with Posterior Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Song Xiangwei , Wu Qingsong , Zhang Guican , Dai Xiaofu , Lin Feng , Chen Liangwan , Wang Qimin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: To compare the early and late postoperative outcomes of chordal reconstruction (CR) and quadrangular resection (QR) in patients with posterior mitral valve prolapse (PMPL).Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2018, 305 patients with PMPL who underwent mitral valve plasty (MVP) were included in this retrospective analysis. The CR procedure was used in 169 patients (CR group), and the QR procedure was used in 136 patients (QR group). Early and late postoperative outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Follow-up was complete in 96.4% (294/305) of patients, with a mean follow-up of 81.2±30.4 months. No 30-day mortality was observed in any of the patients. The success rate of the mitral valve repair was similar in both groups (99.4% vs. 98.5%, p=0.850). The incidence of early postoperative hemolysis was lower in the CR group than that in the QR group (0.00% vs. 3.0%, p=0.024). Postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) decreased more significantly in the CR group than in the QR group at 3 months (8.15 [1.30,12.65] vs. 3.25 [-0.05, 8.75] mm, p<0.001). During follow-up, the overall survival rates were 95.1% and 94.6%, respectively. The incidence of reoperation for moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR) was similar in both groups (4.3% vs.5.4%, p=0.653), but the time interval between the initial operation and reoperation was shorter in the QR group than in the CR group (84.3±36.1 vs. 120.9±27.6 months, p=0.026). The LVEDD enlargement was more significant in the QR group than in the CR group (4.5 [3.6, 4.5] vs. 2.4 [1.3, 2.8] mm, p<0.001). Conclusions: CR and QR are effective techniques for patients with PMPL. Both techniques resulted in a low incidence of recurrent MR. However, CR can reduce early postoperative hemolysis and LVEDD more significantly. During the long-term follow-up, reoperations due to recurrent MR were performed at a longer interval after the initial operation. LVEDD expansion was better avoided in the CR group.
Global patterns and trends in multiple myeloma incidence: Age, period and birth cohort analysis
Authors: Li Chenyang , Lin Xiao , Fan Zeyu , Li Junxian , Kang Wenjuan , Liu Ya , Song Fangfang , Song Fengju 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) are increasing in some countries. This study aimed to examine global differences in MM incidence and temporal trends from 1978 to 2012, In addition, the effect of birth cohort was analyzed.
Patients and methods:
The incidence of MM in 43 countries was extracted from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database (CI5), Joinpoint regression and age - period - cohort models were applied.
Results
From 2008 to 2012, the incidence rates of MM were generally 1- to 2-fold higher in males than in females, except for Bahrain. Rates were highest in North America, Oceania and Northern Europe. Twenty countries showed significant increasing trends, except for Costa Rica in the period 1978 to 2012 (P < 0.05). The incidence rates increased with age in all birth cohorts and most age groups increased steadily with birth cohorts in most countries. Pronounced cohort-specific decreases in risk for recent birth cohorts were only seen in eight countries for both sexes. The cohort-specific incidence rate ratios increased rapidly in Belarus, Bulgaria, and Philippines cohorts born before 1920 for males, and in Ireland, and Slovakia cohorts born before 1990 for females. Cohort-specific incidence rate ratios for both sexes decreased in Iceland for cohorts born since 1960.
Conclusion
Disparities in MM incidence and increasing trends persist worldwide. Further studies are warranted to investigate the prevention and control of MM from population level.