bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with stable troponin elevation
Authors: Ananthakrishna Rajiv , Rajvi Benita P , Hancock Diana E , Kholmurodova Feruza , Woodman Richard J , Patil Sanjana , Horsfall Matthew , Chew Derek P , Daril Noor Darinah Mohd , Selvanayagam Joseph B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has a potential role in the evaluation of symptomatic patients with stable troponin elevation; however, its utility remains unexplored. We sought to determine the incremental diagnostic value of CMR in this unique cohort and assess the long-term clinical outcomes.

Methods and results
Two hundred twenty-five consecutive patients presenting with cardiac chest pain/dyspnoea, stable troponin elevation, and undergoing CMR assessment were identified retrospectively from registry database. The study cohort was prospectively followed for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) (defined as composite of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular readmissions). The primary outcome measure was the diagnostic utility of CMR, i.e. percentage of patients for whom CMR identified the cause of stable troponin elevation. Secondary outcome measures included the incremental value of CMR and occurrence of MACE. CMR was able to identify the cause for stable troponin elevation in 160 (71%) patients. A normal CMR was identified in 17% and an inconclusive CMR in 12% of the patients. CMR changed the referral diagnosis in 59 (26%) patients. Utilizing a baseline prediction model (pre-CMR referral diagnosis), the net reclassification index was 0.11 and integrated discriminatory improvement index measured 0.33 following CMR. Over a median follow-up of 4.3 years (interquartile range 2.8–6.3), 72 (32%) patients experienced MACE.

Conclusion
CMR identified a cause for stable troponin elevation in 7 of 10 cases, and a new diagnosis was evident in 1 of 4 cases. CMR improved the net reclassification of patients with stable troponin elevation.
Does CAP greening affect farms’ economic and environmental performances? A regression discontinuity design analysis
Authors: Varacca Alessandro , Arata Linda , Castellari Elena , Sckokai Paolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Common Agricultural Policy reform 2013–2020 has conditioned 30 per cent of the direct payments to greening requirements. Our study investigates whether one of these requirements, the ecological focus area (EFA) obligation, has led to environmental improvements while preserving farms’ economic sustainability. We apply a regression discontinuity design approach on a sample of Italian arable crop farms. Our results suggest that the EFA requirement has no significant effects on farms’ application of fertilisers, pesticide expenditure, crop diversification or economic performance. However, farmers reacted to the EFA requirement by changing their crop mix, mostly by increasing their share of leguminous crops.
Biharmonic Nonlinear Scalar Field Equations
Authors: Mederski Jarosław , Siemianowski Jakub 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We prove a Brezis–Kato-type regularity result for weak solutions to the biharmonic nonlinear equation $$ \begin{align*} & \Delta^2 u = g(x,u)\qquad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^N\end{align*}$$with a Carathéodory function $g:\mathbb {R}^N\times \mathbb {R}\to \mathbb {R}$, $N\geq 5$. The regularity results give rise to the existence of ground state solutions provided that $g$ has a general subcritical growth at infinity. We also conceive a new biharmonic logarithmic Sobolev inequality $$ \begin{align*} & \int_{\mathbb{R}^N}|u|^2\log |u|\, \text{d}x\leq\frac{N}{8}\log \Big(C\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}|\Delta u|^2\, \text{d}x \Big), \quad\text{for } u \in H^2(\mathbb{R}^N), \; \int_{\mathbb{R}^N}u^2\, \text{d}x = 1, \end{align*}$$for a constant $0&lt;C&lt; \big (\frac {2}{\pi e N}\big )^2$ and we characterize its minimizers.
Research on influencing factors of asphalt pavement International Roughness Index (IRI) based on ensemble learning
Authors: Luo Zhiwei , Zhan You , Liu Yang , Zhang Allen , Lin Xiuquan , Zhang Yurong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The International Roughness Index (IRI) is one of the most commonly used indicators to measure pavement surface smoothness. This paper uses the data obtained from the Specific Pavement Studies-3 (SPS-3) of the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program to study the influencing factors of the International Roughness Index of asphalt pavement. Pavement age, precipitation, freezing index, temperature, traffic volume, traffic load, and rutting depth are investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of four preventive maintenance treatments on asphalt pavement surface roughness. The pavement roughness model is established based on the XGBoost algorithm, with a training R2 of 0.96 and a testing R2 of 0.82. The results show that among the four preservation treatments, the IRI of thin overlay is the lowest. Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is identified as the most significant factor for IRI evaluation, accounting for the most contribution to pavement surface roughness, followed by precipitation, rutting depth, temperature, etc.
Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are higher but decline faster in mRNA vaccinees compared to individuals with natural infection
Authors: Abou-Saleh Haissam , Abo-Halawa Bushra Y , Younes Salma , Younes Nadin , Al-Sadeq Duaa W , Shurrab Farah M , Liu Na , Qotba Hamda , Al-Dewik Nader , Ismail Ahmed , Yassine Hadi M , Abu-Raddad Laith J , Nasrallah Gheyath K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Waning protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by pre-existing antibodies elicited because of current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. Whether this is due to the waning of immunity to SARS-COV-2 remains unclear.

Aim
We aimed to investigate the dynamics of antibody isotype responses amongst vaccinated naïve (VN) and naturally infected (NI) individuals.

Methods
We followed up antibody levels in COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA)-vaccinated subjects without prior infection (VN, n = 100) in two phases: phase-I (P-I) at ~ 1.4 and phase-II (P-II) at ~ 5.3 months. Antibody levels were compared with those of unvaccinated and naturally infected subjects (NI, n = 40) at ~ 1.7 (P-1) and 5.2 (P-II) months post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies (NTAb), anti-S-RBD-IgG, -IgM and anti-S-IgA isotypes were measured.

Results
The VN group elicited significantly greater antibody responses (P &lt; 0.001) than the NI group at P-I, except for IgM. In the VN group, a significant waning in antibody response was observed in all isotypes. There was about an ~ 4-fold decline in NTAb levels (P &lt; 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgG (~5-fold, P &lt; 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgM (~6-fold, P &lt; 0.001) and anti-S1-IgA (2-fold, P &lt; 0.001). In the NI group, a significant but less steady decline was notable in S-RBD-IgM (~2-fold, P &lt; 0.001), and a much smaller but significant difference in NTAb (&lt;2-fold, P &lt; 0.001) anti-S-RBD IgG (&lt;2-fold, P = 0.005). Unlike the VN group, the NI group mounted a lasting anti-S1-IgA response with no significant decline. Anti-S1-IgA, which were ~ 3-fold higher in VN subjects compared with NI in P-1 (P &lt; 0.001), dropped to almost the same levels, with no significant difference observed between the two groups in P-II.

Conclusion
Whereas double-dose mRNA vaccination boosted antibody levels, vaccinated individuals’ ‘boost’ was relatively short-lived.
The Military Women’s Health Delphi Study: A Research Agenda for the Next Decade
Authors: Trego Lori L , Middleton Molly C A , Centi Sophia , McNair Bryan , Braun Lisa , Siaki Leilani , Hopkins Dawnkimberly , Wilson Candy 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
As the burgeoning roles of women afford them the opportunities to perform in all combat and combat support assignments, the impact of all environmental, occupational, physical, and psychosocial factors inherent in military training and operations on their health must be considered. A robust foundation of knowledge is necessary to ascertain, prevent, and treat the potential impacts on women’s health. However, a systematic review of the literature from 2000–2015 revealed widespread gaps in scientific knowledge of the musculoskeletal, psychological, occupational, and reproductive health of military women. The purpose of this study is to determine priorities for military women’s health (MWH) research that will serve to fill these gaps in knowledge.

Methods
An advisory group of 11 senior military and women’s health experts conducted a structured gap analysis of the results of a scoping review of literature from 2000 to 2015 and Military Health System utilization data to identify 15 topics for prioritization in MWH research. A modified e-Delphi study was conducted and consensus was achieved after two rounds. Participants (N = 32) included subject matter experts (SME) representing various professions enrolled, 23 completed both rounds. In round 1, topics were rated on forced Likert scales for relevance and feasibility to medical readiness and comments were elicited from the SMEs. Relevance and feasibility scores and themes from the comments guided the development of the round 2 survey, in which SMEs categorized the topics in terms of urgency and forced-choice ranked the priority of each topic. The quantitative data were analyzed using multilevel regression methods. Linear mixed models were fit separately on the numeric outcomes for feasibility, relevance, and urgency with research topic as the primary predictor. To analyze the rankings of research topic priority, crude and adjusted linear regression models were fit on the numeric outcome rank.

Results
The adjusted top five topics for research priorities as indicated by ranking were: genitourinary health, sleep, physical assault, behavioral health, and menstrual cycle research. The advisory group reviewed the findings in the context of Department of Defense strategic priorities and provided guidance on the design and dissemination of the MWH research agenda.

Conclusions
The MWH research agenda is a validated research agenda of high-priority research topics that will promote enduring efforts to ensure evidence-based practices and health policies for military women through research.
Global Emergence of Resistance to Fluconazole and Voriconazole in Candida parapsilosis in Tertiary Hospitals in Spain During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Trevijano-Contador Nuria , Torres-Cano Alba , Carballo-González Cristina , Puig-Asensio Mireia , Martín-Gómez María Teresa , Jiménez-Martínez Emilio , Romero Daniel , Nuvials Francesc Xavier , Olmos-Arenas Roberto , Moretó-Castellsagué María Clara , Fernández-Delgado Lucía , Rodríguez-Sevilla Graciela , Aguilar-Sánchez María-Mercedes , Ayats-Ardite Josefina , Ardanuy-Tisaire Carmen , Sanchez-Romero Isabel , Muñoz-Algarra María , Merino-Amador Paloma , González-Romo Fernando , Megías-Lobón Gregoria , García-Campos Jose Angel , Mantecón-Vallejo María Ángeles , Alcoceba Eva , Escribano Pilar , Guinea Jesús , Durán-Valle Maria Teresa , Fraile-Torres Arturo Manuel , Roiz-Mesones María Pía , Lara-Plaza Isabel , de Ayala Ana Pérez , Simón-Sacristán María , Collazos-Blanco Ana , Nebreda-Mayoral Teresa , March-Roselló Gabriel , Alcázar-Fuoli Laura , Zaragoza Oscar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Candida parapsilosis is a frequent cause of candidemia worldwide. Its incidence is associated with the use of medical implants, such as central venous catheters or parenteral nutrition. This species has reduced susceptibility to echinocandins, and it is susceptible to polyenes and azoles. Multiple outbreaks caused by fluconazole-nonsusceptible strains have been reported recently. A similar trend has been observed among the C. parapsilosis isolates received in the last 2 years at the Spanish Mycology Reference Laboratory.

Methods
Yeast were identified by molecular biology, and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing protocol. The ERG11 gene was sequenced to identify resistance mechanisms, and strain typing was carried out by microsatellite analysis.

Results
We examined the susceptibility profile of 1315 C. parapsilosis isolates available at our reference laboratory between 2000 and 2021, noticing an increase in the number of isolates with acquired resistance to fluconazole, and voriconazole has increased in at least 8 different Spanish hospitals in 2020–2021. From 121 recorded clones, 3 were identified as the most prevalent in Spain (clone 10 in Catalonia and clone 96 in Castilla-Leon and Madrid, whereas clone 67 was found in 2 geographically unrelated regions, Cantabria and the Balearic Islands).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that concurrently with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a selection of fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis isolates has occurred in Spain, and the expansion of specific clones has been noted across centers. Further research is needed to determine the factors that underlie the successful expansion of these clones and their potential genetic relatedness.
Genomic Profiling Reveals Differences in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma and Large B-Cell Lymphoma, With Subtyping Suggesting Sensitivity to BTK Inhibition
Authors: Severson Eric A , Haberberger James , Hemmerich Amanda , Huang Richard S P , Edgerly Claire , Schiavone Kelsie , Najafian Adib , Hiemenz Matthew , Lechpammer Mirna , Vergilio Jo-Anne , Lesser Glenn , Strowd Roy , Elvin Julia , Ross Jeffrey S , Hegde Priti , Alexander Brian , Singer Samuel , Ramkissoon Shakti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
B-cell primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCL) is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confined to the CNS. Less than 50% of patients with PCL achieve complete remission with current therapies. We describe the findings from comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of a cohort of 69 patients with PCL, 36 cases of secondary CNS lymphoma (SCL), and 969 cases of DLBCL to highlight their differences and characterize the PCL cohort. In addition, we highlight the differences in frequency of germinal center B-cell like (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes and molecular subtypes, particularly MCD and EZH subtypes, between PCL and DLBCL.

Materials and Methods
Sixty-nine cases of B-cell PCL, 36 cases of secondary CNS lymphoma (SCL), and 969 cases of DLBCL were evaluated by CGP of 405 genes via DNAseq and 265 genes via RNAseq for fusions (FoundationOne Heme). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was calculated from 1.23 Mb of sequenced DNA.

Results
Genomic alterations with significant differences between PCL and DLBCL included MYD88, ETV6, PIM1, PRDM1, CXCR4, TP53, and CREBBP, while only MYD88 was significantly different between SCL and DLBCL. PCL cases were significantly enriched for the MCD molecular subtypes, which have an excellent response to BTKi. We report a patient with a durable complete response to BTKi consistent with their genomic profile. EBV status, CD274 amplification, and TMB status suggest that 38% of PCL patients may benefit from ICPI; however further study is warranted.

Conclusion
CGP of PCLs reveals biomarkers, genomic alterations, and molecular classifications predictive of BTKi efficacy and potential ICPI efficacy. Given the limitations of standard of care for PCL, CGP is critical to identify potential therapeutic approaches for patients in this rare form of lymphoma.
How Can Indigenous Archaeology Address Inequality?
Authors: Hart Siobhan M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses how engaging with Indigenous communities about past lives and experiences through heritage work can provide a focal point that can improve quality of life, increase sociopolitical power, and contribute to redressing structural inequalities. It identifies and examines four ways that Indigenous archaeologies address pervasive inequalities for Indigenous communities by: (1) exposing the long-term consequences of colonialism and Indigenous survivance; (2) reclaiming colonized land; (3) promoting Indigenous community capacity building; and (4) improving Indigenous community well-being.
Cucumber STACHYOSE SYNTHASE is regulated by its cis-antisense RNA asCsSTS to balance source–sink carbon partitioning
Authors: Dai Haibo , Zhang Wenyan , Hua Bing , Zhu Zihui , Zhang Jinji , Zhang Zhiping , Miao Minmin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Photosynthate partitioning between source and sink is a key determinant of crop yield. In contrast to sucrose-transporting plants, cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants mainly transport stachyose and stachyose synthase (CsSTS) synthesizes stachyose in the vasculature for loading. Therefore, CsSTS is considered a key regulator of carbon partitioning. We found that CsSTS expression and CsSTS enzyme activity were upregulated in the vasculature and downregulated in mesophyll tissues at fruiting. In situ hybridization and tissue enrichment experiments revealed that a cis-natural antisense noncoding transcript of CsSTS, named asCsSTS, is mainly expressed in mesophyll tissues. In vitro overexpression (OE), RNA interference (RNAi), and dual luciferase reporter experiments indicated that CsSTSs are negatively regulated by asCsSTS. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that asCsSTS transcript localized in leaf cytoplasm, indicating that the regulation of CsSTS by asCsSTS is a posttranscriptional process. Further investigation revealed that this regulation occurred by reducing CsSTS transcript stability through a DICER-like protein-mediated pathway. Chemically induced OE and RNAi of asCsSTS led to promotion or inhibition, respectively, of assimilate export from leaves and altered fruit growth rates. Our results suggest that the regulation of CsSTSs between the mesophyll and vasculature reduces sugar storage in mesophyll tissue and promotes assimilate export from the leaf when the plant carries fruit.
Sulfated GAG mimetic peptide nanofibers enhance chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in 3D in vitro models
Authors: Yaylaci Seher , Guler Mustafa O , Tekinay Ayse B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Articular cartilage, which is exposed to continuous repetitive compressive stress, has limited self-healing capacity in the case of trauma. Thus, it is crucial to develop new treatment options for the effective regeneration of the cartilage tissue. Current cellular therapy treatment options are microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation; however, these treatments induce the formation of fibrous cartilage, which degenerates over time, rather than functional hyaline cartilage tissue. Tissue engineering studies using biodegradable scaffolds and autologous cells are vital for developing an effective long-term treatment option. 3D scaffolds composed of glycosaminoglycan-like peptide nanofibers are synthetic, bioactive, biocompatible, and biodegradable and trigger cell–cell interactions that enhance chondrogenic differentiation of cells without using any growth factors. We showed differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes in both 2D and 3D culture, which produce a functional cartilage extracellular matrix, employing bioactive cues integrated into the peptide nanofiber scaffold without adding exogenous growth factors.
Determination of possible contraceptive potential of methanolic leaf extract of Mentha longifolia L. in adult male rats: a biochemical and histological study
Authors: David Mehwish , Ain Qurat Ul , Jahan Sarwat , Ahmad Mushtaq , Shah Qasim , Afsar Tayyaba , Shafique Huma , Alanezi Tariq Nahar , Almajwal Ali , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Razak Suhail 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mentha longifolia L (ML) is locally used as an herbal contraceptive. We aim to assess the toxicity profile and validate the antifertility effects of its leaves in male rats. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 10 animals/group) were divided into four groups. The Control group received .9% saline, while groups II, III, and IV received 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg/day ML doses for 28 days. ML induced a dose-dependent decrease in percent fertility as well as the number of pups born in ML preexposed pairs, with maximum change observed in the ML3 group (60%, 3.75 ± 1.25) as compared to control (100%, 8.75 ± .48) group. A significant (P &lt; .01) decrease in the rate of daily sperm production was observed in the ML3 group (.86 ± .16) in contrast to the control (2.93 ± .05). The levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase declined significantly in treatment groups (ML1-P &lt; .001, ML2-P &lt; .05, and ML3-P &lt; .01). A significant increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (P &lt; .001) was found in all treatment groups. The concentrations of LH (P &lt; .001), FSH (P &lt; .001), and testosterone (P &lt; .001) were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner among ML-treated groups. Decreases in spermatogonial populations, mature spermatids, seminiferous tubule diameter, lumen diameter, and epithelial height were noticed at higher doses. The reversibility study depicted a reduction in both pregnancy outcomes and litter size. Besides contraceptive effects, M. longifolia L usage is associated with oxidative stress; therefore, it is important to consume this herb appropriately and its excessive usage should be prohibited.
Association of Insurance Type With Colorectal Surgery Outcomes and Costs at a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Tetley Jasmine C. , Jacobs Michael A. , Kim Jeongsoo , Schmidt Susanne , Brimhall Bradley B. , Mika Virginia , Wang Chen-Pin , Manuel Laura S. , Damien Paul , Shireman Paula K. 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
Association of insurance type with colorectal surgical complications, textbook outcomes (TO), and cost in a safety-net hospital (SNH).

Background:
SNHs have higher surgical complications and costs compared to low-burden hospitals. How does presentation acuity and insurance type influence colorectal surgical outcomes?

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study using single-site National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2013–2019) with cost data and risk-adjusted by frailty, preoperative serious acute conditions (PASC), case status and open versus laparoscopic to evaluate 30-day reoperations, any complication, Clavien-Dindo IV (CDIV) complications, TO, and hospitalization variable costs.

Results:
Cases (Private 252; Medicare 207; Medicaid/Uninsured 619) with patient mean age 55.2 years (SD = 13.4) and 53.1% male. Adjusting for frailty, open abdomen, and urgent/emergent cases, Medicaid/Uninsured patients had higher odds of presenting with PASC (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.22–3.52, P = 0.009) versus Private. Medicaid/Uninsured (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.28–2.55, P < 0.001) patients were more likely to undergo urgent/emergent surgeries compared to Private. Medicare patients had increased odds of any and CDIV complications while Medicaid/Uninsured had increased odds of any complication, emergency department or observations stays, and readmissions versus Private. Medicare (aOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.33–0.88, P = 0.003) and Medicaid/Uninsured (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.30–0.60, P < 0.001) patients had lower odds of achieving TO versus Private. Variable cost %change increased in Medicaid/Uninsured patients to 13.94% (P = 0.005) versus Private but was similar after adjusting for case status. Urgent/emergent cases (43.23%, P < 0.001) and any complication (78.34%, P < 0.001) increased %change hospitalization costs.

Conclusions:
Decreasing the incidence of urgent/emergent colorectal surgeries, possibly by improving access to care, could have a greater impact on improving clinical outcomes and decreasing costs, especially in Medicaid/Uninsured insurance type patients.