bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibre matrices for enhanced gut health: a mini review
Authors: Fang Fang , Junejo Shahid Ahmed , Wang Kai , Yang Xinquan , Yuan Yang , Zhang Bin 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe contribution of dietary fibre to human gut health has been extensively studied, but there are many questions yet to be resolved in this regime. One of them that has recently caught attention is the physical form and structure of dietary fibre matrix towards gut microbiota modulation. This paper reviews the natural and fabricated fibre matrices for gut health with a focus on changes in gut microbiota and the resulting metabolite production. The fibre matrices reviewed in this study include naturally existing plant cell matrices and fabricated resistant starch (RS) matrices, starch‐entrapped fibre microspheres, water‐soluble cross‐linked arabinoxylan matrices, complex two or more‐component fibre matrices and dietary fibre‐based colon‐targeted delivery systems. Natural fibre matrices (i.e. plant cell wall) showed variations in shaping gut microbiome with the processing‐induced integrity and permeability changes of cell wall. The fabrication on fibre matrices increased structural complexity and decreased fermentation rate compared to individual and un‐fabricated fibres. It was hypothesised that the increases in structural complexity lines up with the increased specificity in boosting a narrow group of gut bacteria. More studies on physical structure of fibre matrices towards microbiota are necessary to foster fibre matrix design and fabrication for the purposes of promoting beneficial microbiota.
Adolescent gambling advertising awareness: A national survey
Authors: Kristiansen Søren , Severin‐Nielsen Majbritt Kappelgaard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile influence of gambling advertisements on adolescents in some jurisdictions is recognised as an important public health issue, research examining this influence is currently limited. The present study examined gambling advertising awareness among adolescents, how they perceive gambling advertisement's impact, and how gambling advertisement awareness relates to adolescent's gambling behaviour. A sample of Danish adolescents (n = 1137) aged 12–16 were surveyed using a self‐administered web questionnaire. It was found that (a) participants reported high exposure to gambling advertising with males reporting higher exposure to advertising than females, (b) the general self‐perceived impact of these advertisements was relatively low, and (c) self‐perceived impact of gambling advertising was associated with monetary spending on gambling activities and at‐risk or a problematic gambling. Restrictions on gambling advertisements and collaboration between national gambling authorities with social media platforms in order to identify and remove youth‐targeted gambling advertisements were specified as relevant policy implications.
The limits of healthcare reforms in Indonesia: Interrogating the Dutch colonial legacies’ influence within the logic and principles of welfare
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, governments in developing countries have been inclined to introduce greater redistributive policies, placing greater emphasis on universal programs than on targeted ones. This article elaborates on the different theoretical perspectives of social policy development in the Global South to explain the emerging features of contemporary healthcare in Indonesia. It is argued that although certain political and structural factors may have collectively created favorable conditions for policy reforms, these factors do not necessarily cause the country to shift toward a universal welfare state. Possible explanations for this may rest on institutional factors, such as the historical‐colonial legacy, which changed the incentive structures within which both new and old welfare institutions operated. Thus, transformation remains stuck at stratified universalism. Moreover, the expansion has not generated a significant reduction in decommodification, defamilization, and declientelization. The case of Indonesia may illustrate the current welfare expansion challenges faced by many developing countries.
Comparative evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound‐guided erector spinae plane block versus intrathecal morphine in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery: A prospective randomized pilot study
Authors: Baishya Madhurjya , Pandey Ravinder Kumar , Sharma Ankur , Punj Jyotsna , Darlong Vanlal , Rewari Vimi , Sinha Renu , Dehran Maya , Goswami Devalina , Bhoi Debesh , Singh Prabhjot , Maitra Souvik , Ranjith Kanil , Nayak Brusabhanu , Yadav Preeti 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesExisting research on erector spinae plane block and intrathecal morphine in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery is limited.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized study, 60 patients aged between 18 and 60 years were randomized into two groups (erector spinae plane block and intrathecal morphine). In the erector spinae plane block group, ultrasound‐guided erector spinae plane block was performed, following which a mixture of 20 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine and 0.5 mcg/kg of clonidine was injected. In the intrathecal morphine group, 150 mcg preservative‐free morphine with 2 mL of normal saline was administered intrathecally. The primary outcome was to evaluate the perioperative opioid consumption in the first 24 h. The secondary outcomes were to evaluate hemodynamic response to surgical stimulus, visual analogue scale score, time to first analgesic requirement, postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative opioid consumption, urethral irritation, and incidence of drug‐related adverse effects.ResultsTotal perioperative opioid consumption in the erector spinae plane block group was 355.0 (265.0, 485.0) μg and 240.0 (145.0, 370.0) μg in the intrathecal morphine group (P = 0.09). However, the patients in the erector spinae plane block group had significantly greater postoperative fentanyl consumption (235.0 [120.0, 345.0] μg) compared with those in the intrathecal morphine group (105.0 [30.0, 225.0] μg). There were no statistically significant differences noted for intraoperative opioid consumption, postoperative visual analogue scale score, time to first analgesic request, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and catheter irritation between the two groups.ConclusionsAlthough no statistically significant difference in intraoperative opioid consumption was seen between the erector spinae plane block and intrathecal morphine groups, postoperative opioid consumption was significantly higher in the erector spinae plane block group than in the intrathecal morphine group in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery.
Stock return predictability of the cumulative abnormal returns around the earnings announcement date: Evidence from China
Authors: Sun Ping‐Wen , Wen Zipeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe find that cumulative abnormal returns adjusted by size, book‐to‐market, and momentum around the earnings announcement date (DGTW_CAR3 hereafter) significantly and positively predict stock returns in the 6‐month period from May 2005 to October 2020 in the China's A‐shares market. The monthly equally‐weighted DGTW_CAR3 premiums are 0.47% and 0.67% after risk adjustment. Although stock price delay fails to fully account for the DGTW_CAR3 premium, we find that the DGTW_CAR3 premium is more significant for illiquid stocks and during periods with high investor sentiment. This result suggests that market inefficiency explains the DGTW_CAR3 premium. Further analysis shows that, in addition to earnings information, the optimism reflected in the management discussion and analysis section of the annual or half‐year report also contributes to the DGTW_CAR3 premium. This finding implies that DGTW_CAR3 may contain new fundamental information that correlates significantly and positively with future stock performance. Finally, we find that the institutional ownership change of a stock associated with DGTW_CAR3 also significantly and positively predicts the stock's return, suggesting that institutional investors adjust their holdings according to DGTW_CAR3 and consequently influence the demand for the stock in the China's A‐shares market.
Evaluation of the TRIP13 level in breast cancer and insights into potential molecular pathways
Authors: Lan Jin , Huang Jingzhan , Tao Xinyi , Gao Yuan , Zhang Longshan , Huang Weiqiang , Luo Junjie , Liu Chuqin , Deng Yunyao , Liu Lixin , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTRIP13 is a member of the large superfamily of the AAA + ATPase proteins and is associated with a variety of activities. Emerging evidence has shown that TRIP13 may serve as an oncogene. However, the function of TRIP13 in breast cancer (BC) has not yet been elucidated. Here, a variety of bioinformatic tools and laboratory experiments were combined to analyse the expression patterns, prognostic value and functional network of TRIP13 in BC. Multiple databases and immunohistochemistry (IHC) indicated a higher TRIP13 expression in BC tissue compared with normal tissue. TRIP13 was highly expressed in lung metastatic lesions compared with primary tumours in a 4T1 cell implantation BALB/c mouse model of BC. Kaplan–Meier plots also revealed that high TRIP13 expression correlated with poor survival in patients with BC. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that TRIP13 was primarily enriched in the signalling pathway of PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR. Suppressing TRIP13 could inhibit the expression of related genes, as well as the proliferation and migration of BC cell. Finally, 10 hub genes with a high score of connectivity were filtered from the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, including MAD2L1, CDC20, CDC5L, CDK1, CCNA2, BUB1B, RAD51, SPO11, KIF11 and AURKB. Thus, TRIP13 may be a promising prognostic biomarker and an effective therapeutic target for BC.
Renoprotective effect of additional sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy in type 2 diabetes patients with rapid decline and preserved renal function
Authors: Sada Kentaro , Hidaka Shuji , Kashima Jin , Morita Machiko , Sada Kokoro , Shibata Hirotaka 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline (eGFR slope) in early‐stage type 2 diabetes patients might predict the future risk of end‐stage renal disease. Type 2 diabetes patients who show rapid progressive eGFR decline are termed rapid decliners. Several studies of rapid decliners have investigated the efficacy of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with advanced renal dysfunction; however, no studies, to our knowledge, have focused on patients with preserved renal function. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of SGLT2i in rapid decliners with preserved renal function.Materials and MethodsThis study enrolled type 2 diabetes patients with baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 who had been treated with SGLT2i for ≥3 years. Among these individuals, we defined those with annual eGFR declines ≥5 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year before SGLT2i administration as rapid decliners. The primary end‐point was the change in eGFR slope after SGLT2i administration.ResultsAmong 165 patients treated with SGLT2i for ≥3 years, 21 patients were rapid decliners with preserved renal function. The mean age and eGFR at SGLT2i administration were 58.6 years and 87.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The mean annual eGFR slope improved significantly in those administered SGLT2i compared with the control group (−1.00 and −4.36 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year, respectively; P < 0.001). Notably, the steeper the eGFR slope before starting SGLT2i administration, the larger the improvement of eGFR slope, which was independent of the reduction of albuminuria.ConclusionsEarly intervention with SGLT2i may have renoprotective effects in type 2 diabetes patients with rapid decline and preserved renal function.
Genomic signatures for latitudinal selection in the tropical eel Anguilla marmorata
Authors: Hirase Shotaro , Kumai Yusuke , Kato Shuya , Hagihara Seishi , Kikuchi Kiyoshi , Kuroki Mari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSelection acting across environmental gradients, such as latitudes, can cause spatial structuring of genomic variants even within panmictic populations. In this study, we focused on the within‐generation latitudinal selection between northernmost and southernmost individuals of the North Pacific population of a tropical eel Anguilla marmorata, which shares its northernmost distribution with a temperate eel Anguilla japonica. Whole‐genome sequencing data indicated that the northernmost and southernmost individuals of A. marmorata belong to a single panmictic population, as suggested by previous studies. On the contrary, parts of genomic regions across multiple chromosomes exhibited significant genetic differentiation between the northernmost and southernmost individuals, and in these genomic regions, the genotypes of the northernmost individuals were similar to those of A. japonica. These findings suggested within‐generation latitudinal selection of A. marmorata, which might have led to genetic closeness between northernmost A. marmorata and A. japonica.
Establishing an inexpensive, space efficient colony of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 utilizing modelling and feedback control principles
Authors: Thompson Natalie M. , Waterton Nadia , Armaou Antonios , Polston Jane E. , Curtis Wayne R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA stable, synchronized colony of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 Gennadius) was established in a single ~30 cu.ft. reach‐in incubator and supported on cabbage host plants which were grown in a 2 × 2′ mesh cage without the need for a greenhouse or dedicated growth rooms. The colony maintenance, including cage cleaning and rotation of plants, was reduced to less than 10 h per week and executed by minimally experienced researchers. In our hands, this method was approximately 10‐fold less expensive in personnel and materials than current typical implementations. A predator‐prey model of whitefly colony maintenance that included whitefly proliferation and host plant health was developed to better understand and avoid colony collapse. This quantitative model can be applied to inform decisions such as inoculum planning and is a mathematical framework to assess insect control strategies. Extensive measurements of colony input and output (such as image analysis of leaf area and whitefly population size) were performed to define basic ‘feedback control’ parameters to gain reproducibility of this inherently unstable scaled‐down whitefly colony. Quantitative transfer of ~100 whiteflies repeatedly produced more than 5000 adult whiteflies over a 6‐week, two‐generation period. Larger scale experimentation could be easily accommodated by transferring adult whiteflies from the maintenance colony with a low flow vacuum capture device. This approach to colony maintenance would be useful to programs that lack extensive plant growth room or greenhouse access and require a “clean” implementation that will not contaminate an axenic tissue culture laboratory.
Effect of age, daily rhythm and mating on pheromone titres and trapping of Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae)
Authors: Guo Qianshuang , Yang Songjie , Zhuo Fuyan , Xiang Wenli , Feng Chuanhong , Zhang Suli , Du Yongjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) is an important pest of mulberry trees in China, and current methods for accurate population monitoring and control of this pest are lacking. The sex pheromone of G. pyloalis in China was re‐identified as E10, E12, Z14‐hexadecenyl acetate (E10E12Z14‐16:Ac) and tentatively E10, E12, E14‐hexadecenyl acetate (E10E12E14‐16:Ac). The emergence began 2 h before the dark period, and the peak emergence was 3 h into scotophase. Analysing the female moth's age from 1–9 days revealed that the titre of sex pheromone E10E12Z14‐16:Ac and E10E12E14‐16:Ac did not change statistically, and the ratio remained constant at 7.19 ± 1.12. The titre of pheromone had a significant circadian rhythm, increasing at 2 h after darkness, peaking at 6–8 h before decreasing, but it was still detected after 4 h into photophase. Mating of G. pyloalis occurred mainly at night, with the highest rate during 3 h into scotophase, which was earlier than the temporal pattern of pheromone titres. 18.1% of unfed moths mated immediately after eclosion during the scotophase. This was lower than what is seen in 1–3‐day‐old moths but similar to 4‐day‐old moth. Mating can occur on the same day after emergence, primarily within 1–4 days. Female moths can release pheromone again 48 h after mating, but the ratio of E10E12Z14‐16:Ac and E10E12E14‐16:Ac was reduced to 5.1 ± 0.73. The trapping of male moths in the field showed a significant circadian rhythm, but significant differences in pheromone trapping in Sichuan Gongxian, Zhejiang Chun'an and Haining, and Jiangsu Wujiang were observed. At the same location, the circadian rhythm of moth trapping showed differences between generations. The trapping of the overwintering generation occurred mostly in the early period of scotophase, while other generations were caught slightly later. Our results contribute to effective pheromone trapping for monitoring and mass trapping to better control G. pyloalis populations.
Genetic diversity of Blastocystis subtypes in the Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) in Gansu province, northwestern China
Authors: Wang Qilin , Liu Xuehan , Li Youwen , Xin Luyao , Zhou Xiaoli , Yu Fuchang , Zhao Aiyun , Qi Meng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlastocystis sp. is a gastrointestinal pathogen that is frequently found in humans and animals worldwide. In this study, 201 fecal samples were collected from captive Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) at three farms in Gansu province. Blastocystis was detected and subtyped by amplifying and sequencing the small subunit ribosomal DNA gene. The overall prevalence of Blastocystis was 39.8% (80/201). Five known Blastocystis subtypes (STs), including ST1 (n = 1), ST4 (n = 12), ST10 (n = 50), ST14 (n = 6), and ST24 (n = 11) were identified using subtyping and evolutionary analysis. ST10 was the most common ST observed in each farm. This study showed the infection status and genetic characteristics of Blastocystis in M. chrysogaster. Based on the surveyed data, because various potentially zoonotic STs, such as ST1, ST4, ST10, ST14, and ST24, were detected, it is believed that the zoonotic risk of Blastocystis from the Alpine musk deer in this area cannot be ignored.
Duplex droplet digital PCR method for the detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei and Vibrio parahaemolyticus acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease
Authors: Zhang Huang , Gong Han‐Yue , Cao Wei‐Wei , Que Mu‐Yi , Ye Lei , Shi Lei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VPAHPND) are two of the diseases that have frequently infected farmed shrimp in recent years, causing great economic losses to the shrimp industry worldwide. In this study, we established a sensitive and accurate duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method that can simultaneously detect and quantify the two pathogens simultaneously. The results showed that the ddPCR methods could detect EHP and VPAHPND specifically. The sensitivity levels of ddPCR for EHP and VPAHPND were 2.3 copies/μl and 4.6 copies/μl, respectively, which were 10‐fold higher than the sensitivity of the qPCR assay and showed good reproducibility. Twenty‐six suspected diseased shrimp samples were used for practical determination. For EHP, the detection rates of ddPCR and qPCR were 53.84% and 42.31%, respectively; for VPAHPND, the detection rates of ddPCR and qPCR were both 23.08%. The results indicated that the ddPCR method shows superiority for detection in samples with low viral loads, which will facilitate monitoring of the source and transmission of EHP and VPAHPND and will help control shrimp epidemic disease.
Androgen synthesis inhibition increases behavioural flexibility and mPFC tyrosine hydroxylase in gonadectomized male rats
Authors: Tomm Ryan J. , Seib Désirée R. , Kachkovski George V. , Schweitzer Helen R. , Tobiansky Daniel J. , Floresco Stan B. , Soma Kiran K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBehavioural flexibility is essential to adapt to a changing environment and depends on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Testosterone administration decreases behavioural flexibility. It is well known that testosterone is produced in the gonads, but testosterone is also produced in the brain, including the mPFC and other nodes of the mesocorticolimbic system. It is unclear how testosterone produced in the brain versus the gonads influences behavioural flexibility. Here, in adult male rats, we assessed the effects of the androgen synthesis inhibitor abiraterone acetate (ABI) and long‐term gonadectomy (GDX) on behavioural flexibility in two paradigms. In Experiment 1, ABI but not GDX reduced the number of errors to criterion and perseverative errors in a strategy set‐shifting task. In Experiment 2, with a separate cohort of rats, ABI but not GDX reduced perseverative errors in a reversal learning task. In Experiment 1, we also examined tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH‐ir), and ABI but not GDX increased TH‐ir in the mPFC. Our findings suggest that neurally‐produced androgens modulate behavioural flexibility via modification of dopamine signalling in the mesocorticolimbic system. These results indicate that neurosteroids regulate executive functions and that ABI treatment for prostate cancer might affect cognition.
Noninvasive prenatal testing suggesting an abnormality in chromosome 15 confirmed to be a case of Prader–Willi syndrome caused by trisomy rescue in the neonatal period
Authors: Okuda Tomohiro , Moroto Masaharu , Yamamoto Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe report a case of a neonatal diagnosis of Prader–Willi syndrome caused by uniparental disomy. A 34‐year‐old pregnant woman underwent noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in a hospital that was not certified by the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences. The results of trisomy 13, 18, and 21 were negative; however, a possible abnormality in chromosome 15 was indicated by the Z‐score. Genetic counseling was not performed; thus, the woman did not understand the implication of this result. Therefore, she continued with the pregnancy and delivered a boy weighing 1892 g with hypogonadism at 38 weeks and 5 days. The infant was diagnosed with Prader–Willi syndrome caused by uniparental disomy derived from trisomy rescue. The NIPT results may have reflected placental mosaicism, emphasizing the importance of understanding the limitations of NIPT due to the presence of congenital chromosomal abnormalities that cannot be detected by NIPT platforms.