bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Radiological Dose of 210Po to Several Marine Organisms in Coastal Area of Coal-Fired Power Plant Tanjung Awar – Awar, Tuban
Authors: Aryanti Chairun Annisa , Suseno Heny , Muslim Muslim , Prihatiningsih Wahyu Retno , Aini Siti Nurul 
Published: March 2022

NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material) is a radionuclide element that naturally already exists in the earth. Its concentration can be increased by industrial activities, such as coal-fired power plant (CFPP). Coal-fired power plant activities produce fly ash and bottom ash which will be carried away by the wind and then can enter the CFPP environment, one of which is marine waters and can affect the existence of marine biota. The determination of the radiation dose rate is essential in assessing the risk of radionuclide exposure to the marine environment. This study aims to determine and evaluate the total dose rate of 210Po to marine biota taken from the Karangsari fish market with catchment areas around the waters of CFPP Tanjung Awar – Awar, Tuban, East Java. This research was conducted in April 2021 in the waters of CFPP Tanjung Awar – Awar. 210Po measurement activity was carried out using alpha ray spectrometry at the Marine Radioecology Laboratory of PTKMR-BATAN, then the radiation dose rate was calculated using the ERICA Tool software. The value of the total radiation dose of 210Po on marine biota ranges from 2.70E-1 µGy.hr-1 to 39.70E+0 µGy.hr-1. The radiation dose of 210Po on marine biota measured in the waters of CFPP, has a lower value range than the research result carried out in other countries. Based on the Erica Tools software analysis, the total radiation dose measured on marine organisms in the waters of CFPP Tanjung Awar – Awar, does not give a negatively impact to the marine ecosystems and the sustainability of marine organisms in the study area.
Towards resolving Keller’s cube tiling conjecture in dimension seven
Authors: Kisielewicz Andrzej P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A cube tiling of ℝ
d
is a family of pairwise disjoint cubes [0, 1)
d
+ T = {[0, 1)
d
+ t: t ∈ T} such that ∪
t∈T
([0, 1)
d
+ t) = ℝ
d
. Two cubes [0, 1)
d
+ t, [0, 1)
d
+ s are called a twin pair if |t

j
−s

j
| = 1 for some j ∈ [d] = {1, ⋅, d} and t

i
= s

i
for every i ∈ [d]∖{j}. In 1930, Keller conjectured that in every cube tiling of ℝ
d
there is a twin pair. For x ∈ ℝ
d
and i ∈ [d], let L(T, x, i) be the set of all ith coordinates t

i
of vectors t ∈ T such that ([0, 1)
d
+ t)∩([0, 1]
d
+ x)≠∅ and t

i
≤ x

i
. Let

r
−

(
T
)
=

min

x
∈

R

d

max

1
≤
i
≤
d

|

L
(
T
,
x
,
i
)

|

$r^-(T)=\min_{x\in \mathbb{R}^d} \max_{1\leq i\leq d}|L(T,x,i)|$

and

r
+

(
T
)
=

max

x
∈

R

d

max

1
≤
i
≤
d

|

L
(
T
,
x
,
i
)

|

$r^ + (T)=\max_{x\in \mathbb{R}^d} \max_{1\leq i\leq d}|L(T,x,i)|$

. Before 2019 it was known that Keller’s conjecture is true for dimensions d ≤ 6 and false for all dimensions d = 8. Moreover, in dimension 7 it was known to be true if r
−(T) ≤ 2 or r
+(T) = 5. The present paper resolves the case r
+(T) = 4.
At the end of 2019, when the paper was still under review, Brakensiek et al. resolved the cases r
+(T) ∈ {3, 4, 6}, proving thereby Keller’s conjecture in dimension 7.
Uncertainty Shocks, Innovation, and Productivity
Authors: Bonciani Dario , Oh Joonseok 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we argue that macroeconomic uncertainty shocks cause a persistent decline in economic activity, investment in R&D, and total factor productivity. After providing empirical evidence, we build a DSGE model with sticky prices and endogenous growth through investment in R&D. In this framework, uncertainty shocks lead to a short-term fall in demand because of precautionary savings and rising markups. The reduction in the utilised aggregate stock of R&D determines a fall in productivity, which causes a long-term reduction in the main macroeconomic aggregates. When households feature Epstein–Zin preferences, they become averse to these long-term risks affecting their consumption process (long-run risk channel), which severely exacerbates the precautionary savings motive and the overall adverse effects of uncertainty shocks.
Leaded or unleaded? Homemade microscale tin electroplating
Authors: Herrera-Loya Maite R. , Cervantes-Herrera L. Mariana , Gutierrez-Vallejo Sofia , Ibanez Jorge G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Social distancing measures due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus have profoundly challenged the educational experimental work. We have sought to remediate this issue by designing a series of low cost, low risk, quick, and qualitative electrochemistry and corrosion experiments to be performed in the student’s homes at the microscale with a kit provided by the teacher. One such experience is the electroplating of Sn from an aqueous chloride solution using readily available soldering wires (e.g., Sn–Pb alloy, or Sn–Ag–Cu alloy). This process catches students’ attention due to its simplicity and variety of possible applications that include corrosion protection, fabrication of electronic components, plating of cooking utensils, lithium batteries, etc.
The dark side of EMI?: a telling case for questioning assumptions about EMI in HE
Authors: Block David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The neoliberalisation of higher education (HE), which began in earnest about three decades ago, and the global spread of English, which began earlier, together have motivated an exponential increase in the number of universities worldwide offering English-medium instruction (EMI) as a key part of their internationalisation policies. EMI in HE is by now a much discussed and examined phenomenon; however, all too often research does not challenge certain assumptions about its existence. One assumption is that the introduction of EMI is an on-the-whole innocuous change in how HE courses are delivered, and that any negative side effects for the primary stakeholders, lecturers or students, are minimal. This paper takes a contrarian and critical view of EMI, highlighting its more problematic side. This is done to some extent through a short and selective discussion of relevant literature in the next section. However, the critique comes through most clearly in subsequent sections of the paper, in which interview data collected from an EMI lecturer at a university in Catalonia are examined. As will become clear, the perspective of this single informant, presented as a ‘telling case’ (Mitchell, John C. 1984. Typicality and the case study. In R. Ellen (ed.), Ethnographic research: A guide
to general conduct, 237–241. London: Academic Press), is illuminating, as it highlights aspects of EMI that do not often appear in policy documents and research publications focussing on the topic.
Assessment of resistance to permanent deformations of asphalt mixes of low air void content
Authors: Radziszewski Piotr , Sarnowski Michał , Pokorski Piotr 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article presents the issue of resistance to permanent deformations of bridge pavements. In Europe, bridge asphalt pavement usually consists of the wearing course and the protective layer, which are paved on the waterproofing. Protective layers of bridge pavement are often constructed using low air void asphalt mixes. Such mixes are characterized by water-tightness, resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions, and enhanced fatigue life. Due to increased binder content, asphalt mixes for bridge pavement may display reduced resistance to permanent deformations. The article presents the test results of resistance to permanent deformations of asphalt mixes for bridge pavement. The study compares the rutting resistance for mixture use with low air void content. This specific kind of mixtures are dedicated to pavements on bridge deck. In this study, the resistance to permanent deformations was tested depending on the content of grit structure and air void content. Laboratory test results were compared for stone mastic asphalt and asphalt concrete, characterized by low air void content. Resistance to permanent deformations was assessed using the cyclic uniaxial compression (dynamic load creep) method. On the basis of analysis of the test results, it was shown that resistance of asphalt mixes to permanent deformations depends most of all on the type of mix designed and the air void content.
Constraint evaluation and effects on selected fracture parameters for single-edge notched beam under four-point bending
Authors: Graba Marcin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article presents the results of analytical and numerical research focused on the numerical determination of selected fracture mechanics parameters for beams containing a crack in the state of four-point bending with the dominance of a plane strain state. Based on the numerical results, the influence of the specimen geometry and material characteristic on selected fracture parameters is discussed. By analogy to the already known solutions, new hybrid formulas were presented, which allow to estimate the J integral, crack tip opening displacement, and load line displacement. In addition, the study verified the Shih formula connecting the crack tip opening displacement and J integral, taking into account the influence of in-plane constraints on the value of the proportionality coefficient denoted as d

n
in the analysis. This article also presents the development of Landes and Begley’s idea, which allows to experimentally determine the J integral as a measure of the energy causing the crack growth. The innovative element is taking into account the influence of in-plane constraints on the value of the η coefficient, which is the proportionality coefficient between the J integral and energy A. The last sections of this article are the assessment of the stress distribution in front of the crack tip and the selected measures of in- and out-of-plane constraints, which can be successfully used in the estimation of the real fracture toughness with the use of appropriate fracture criteria.
ANN-based model to predict groundwater salinity: A case study of West Najaf–Kerbala region
Authors: Al-Waeli Luay Kadhim , Sahib Jumana Hadi , Abbas Hiba Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Estimating groundwater salinity is important for the use of groundwater resources for irrigation purposes and provides a suitable guide for the management of groundwater. In this study, the artificial neural networks (ANNs) were adopted to estimate the salinity of groundwater identified by total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and sodium (Na+) percent, using electrical conductivity, magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and potential of hydrogen (pH) as input elements. Samples of groundwater were brought from 51 wells situated in the plateau of Najaf–Kerbala provinces. The network structure was designed as 6-4-3 and adopted the default scaled conjugate gradient algorithm for training using SPSS V24 software. It was observed that the proposed model with four neurons was exact in estimating the irrigation salinity. It has shown a suitable agreement between experimental and ANN values of irrigation salinity indices for training and testing datasets based on statistical indicators of the relative mean error and determination coefficient R
2 between ANN outputs and experimental data. TDS, SAR, and Na percent predicted output tracked the measured data with an R
2 of 0.96, 0.97, and 0.96 with relative error of 0.038, 0.014, and 0.021, respectively, for testing, and R
2 of 0.95, 0.96, and 0.96 with relative error of 0.053, 0.065, and 0.133, respectively, for training. This is an indication that the designed network was satisfactory. The model could be utilized for new data to predict the groundwater salinity for irrigation purposes at the Najaf–Kerbala plateau in Iraq.
Rheological characterisation of gruels made from some bio-based ingredients commonly used in food products
Authors: Maka Cybèle Taga , Jiokap Nono Yvette 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the impact of processing (dehulling or germination) on the structure and rheological behaviour of gruels made from sorghum, soybean and sesame. A rotational viscometer was used to determine the rheological parameters of gruels from these materials. Compared to each raw material, the processing presented a significant effect on the viscosity of the gruels. The power law model was better described the rheological behaviour of the gruels. All gruels were time-dependent fluids, except for germinated sorghum-based gruels. Most of them were thixotropic shear-thinning fluids, only germinated sorghum-based gruels are non-thixotropic shear-thinning fluids and those from dehulled soybean exhibited anti-thixotropic behaviour. The apparent viscosity of gruels decreased with temperature, fitting an Arrhenius relationship, with the activation energy ranging from 5973 to 27,674 J/mol. The rheological behaviour of these foods will helps to understand the behaviour of any products based on their mixture.
Benefits of metformin add-on insulin therapy (MAIT) for HbA1c and lipid profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: preliminary report from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sheikhy Ali , Eydian Zahra , Fallahzadeh Aida , Shakiba Marjan , Hajipour Mahmoud , Alaei Mohammadreza , Mosallanejad Asieh , Saneifard Hedyeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Metabolic control during puberty is impaired in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients due to increased insulin resistance. Metformin is one of the oral medications typically used in type 2 diabetes mellitus to reduce insulin resistance. We aimed to examine the effect of metformin on glycemic indices and insulin daily dosage in adolescents with T1DM.

Methods
The present clinical trial was carried out on 50 adolescents aged 10–20 years with T1DM referred to the Endocrinology Clinic of Mofid Children’s Hospital in Tehran for nine months. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, metformin was added to insulin therapy, while the second group continued routine insulin therapy combined with placebo. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, BMI, insulin dosage, and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study and repeated every three months. Serum lipid profile, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and liver enzymes were also measured twice: At the beginning and end of the study (after nine months).

Results
The HbA1c level (p<0.001) and insulin dosage (p=0.04) were lower in the metformin group than in the placebo group after nine months. Daily insulin dosage variability was significantly lower in the metformin recipient group (p=0.041). Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and creatinine were significantly lower in the metformin arm than in the placebo arm (p<0.05). However, metformin did not affect LDL, HDL, liver enzymes, and BUN.

Conclusions
Adjunctive metformin therapy reduces insulin dosage by inhibiting insulin resistance and weight gain. It helps decrease daily insulin dosage variability, which may prevent hypoglycemia. Also, metformin reduces creatinine, preventing renal failure in the long term.
Factors Affecting Dynamic Strategic Alignment in a Changing Environment: A Case Study of a Chinese SOE
Authors: Li Xuguang , Wang Zefeng , Lu Yingying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnvironmental factors significantly affect the dynamic strategic alignment of information systems (IS) in coping with a rapidly changing environment, especially for state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in emerging economies. By examining the case study of a medium-sized Chinese state-owned real estate company, this research aims to investigate what environmental factors affect SOEs’ strategic alignment. The thematic analysis method was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with staffs at all levels of the organisation and relevant strategy documents. The research develops a holistic model to illustrate the influencing factors from SOEs’ internal (i.e., organisational structure, culture and resources) and external environments (i.e., politics, economy, technology and national culture) while highlighting the overall influences from the nature of SOEs. It identifies that organisational resources, whose easy access is enabled by SOEs’ state-owned character, significantly reduce the need for strategic alignment to gain competitive advantage in the short term. In addition, SOEs’ inherent attributes of organisational structure and culture impede the social and structural integration between business and IT. Managerial implications are suggested with a particular emphasis on internal factors, such as developing IS/IT from organisational resources and cultivating the perception of the importance of IS. The paper also points to the importance of implementing government authorities’ policies and instructions about IS strategy.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(2–nitrophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one, C15H11NO3
Authors: Maluleka Marole M , Mphahlele Malose J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
C15H11NO3, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.4092(2) Å, b = 23.9605(8) Å, c = 9.4887(3) Å, β = 96.080(1)°, V = 1222.89(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0358, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0888, T = 173(2) K.
The Love Letters: ethnopoetics and echoes of the past in a Danish spoken narrative of personal experience
Authors: Perregaard Bettina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In developing ethnopoetics as an approach to the interpretation and analysis of oral performance, Dell Hymes controversially insisted that spoken narratives should be heard and read as poetry rather than prose. Although ethnopoetics is cross-culturally intended, only a few studies in a limited number of languages have so far been conducted. This article provides an analysis of a Danish spoken narrative of personal experience that supports Hymes’s contention that narratives are patterned in lines, that verses constitute the units that organize lines, that relations among verses are measured, and that parallelism is a pervasive feature of everyday storytelling. Verse analysis is unique in demonstrating the expressive force, poetic sophistication, psychological complexity, and aesthetic quality of spoken narrative. The article discusses the methodological implications of moving between text and performance, a static object and a dynamic body, the spatial distribution of written symbols and the temporal organization of orally expressed language.
Formation of the Mouse Internal Capsule and Cerebral Peduncle: A Pioneering Role for Striatonigral Axons as Revealed inIsl1Conditional Mutants
Authors: Ehrman Jacqueline M. , Merchan-Sala Paloma , Ehrman Lisa A. , Chen Bin , Lim Hee-Woong , Waclaw Ronald R. , Campbell Kenneth 
Published: March 2022

The projection neurons of the striatum, the principal nucleus of the basal ganglia, belong to one of the following two major pathways: the striatopallidal (indirect) pathway or the striatonigral (direct) pathway. Striatonigral axons project long distances and encounter ascending tracts (thalamocortical) while coursing alongside descending tracts (corticofugal) as they extend through the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle. These observations suggest that striatal circuitry may help to guide their trajectories. To investigate the developmental contributions of striatonigral axons to internal capsule formation, we have made use ofSox8-EGFP(striatal direct pathway) andFezf2-TdTomato(corticofugal pathway) BAC transgenic reporter mice in combination with immunohistochemical markers to trace these axonal pathways throughout development. We show that striatonigral axons pioneer the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle and are temporally and spatially well positioned to provide guidance for corticofugal and thalamocortical axons. UsingIsl1conditional knock-out (cKO) mice, which exhibit disrupted striatonigral axon outgrowth, we observe both corticofugal and thalamocortical axon defects with either ventral forebrain- or telencephalon-specificIsl1inactivation, despite Isl1 not being expressed in either cortical or thalamic projection neurons. Striatonigral axon defects can thus disrupt internal capsule formation. Our genome-wide transcriptomic analysis inIsl1cKOs reveals changes in gene expression relevant to cell adhesion, growth cone dynamics, and extracellular matrix composition, suggesting potential mechanisms by which the striatonigral pathway exerts this guidance role. Together, our data support a novel pioneering role for the striatal direct pathway in the correct assembly of the ascending and descending axon tracts within the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei with established roles in the coordination of voluntary motor programs, aspects of cognition, and the selection of appropriate social behaviors. Hence, disruptions in basal ganglia connectivity have been implicated in the motor, cognitive, and social dysfunction characterizing common neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and tic disorder. Here, we identified a novel role for the striatonigral (direct) pathway in pioneering the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle, and in guiding axons extending to and from the cortex. Our findings suggest that the abnormal development of basal ganglia circuits can drive secondary internal capsule defects and thereby may contribute to the pathology of these disorders.
Unionsrecht und Unionsgerichtshof in der Rechtsprechung des Kartellsenats des Bundesgerichtshofs
Authors: Meier-Beck Peter 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Kartellrecht in Deutschland ist heute weitgehend Anwendung des Wettbewerbsrechts der Europäischen Union, und wo es dies nicht ist, ist es zumindest weitgehend Anwendung nationalen, durch das Unionsrecht geprägten und beeinflussten Rechts. Natürlich gibt es Ausnahmen und gibt es Bereiche, in denen das deutsche Recht einen eigenen oder jedenfalls modifizierten Weg geht und gehen darf, im materiellen Recht wie auch insbesondere im Verfahrensrecht, das weit stärker eine nationale Domäne geblieben ist als das materielle Recht; davon soll hier nicht gehandelt werden. Der grundsätzliche Befund scheint jedenfalls unbezweifelbar. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, was dies für die Aufgaben und das Selbstverständnis eines obersten Gerichtshofs eines Mitgliedstaats der Europäischen Union bedeutet, dessen überkommene Funktion die Leitung und Lenkung der Rechtsentwicklung für das Recht dieses Mitgliedstaats ist. Insbesondere versucht er zu bestimmen, wie in diesem Kontext die Verpflichtung zu einem Vorabentscheidungsersuchen an den Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union so gehandhabt werden kann, dass Unionsgerichtshof wie Bundesgerichtshof ihrer jeweiligen Aufgabe bestmöglich nachkommen können und das Unionsrecht unter voller Wahrung der Prärogative des Unionsgerichtshofs im Dialog ausgelegt und weiterentwickelt werden kann.
Die Entwicklung der Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichtshofs zum Kartellbußgeldrecht
Authors: Thomas Stefan 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag würdigt die jüngere Rechtsprechung des Kartellsenats in Bußgeldsachen. Er konzentriert sich auf Judikate zum Unternehmensbegriff und zum Tatbestand der horizontalen Wettbewerbsbeschränkung. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass dem Kartellsenat der Ausgleich zwischen tragenden Vorgaben des deutschen Wirtschafts- und Verfassungsrechts einerseits und den Prinzipien des EU-Kartellrechts andererseits gelingt. Weiters wird deutlich, dass der Kartellsenat einen Beitrag zur Systembildung im Kartellrecht leistet, was die Begründungstransparenz erhöht. Die Untersuchung weist zugleich auf neue Fragen hin, die der Klärung durch den Kartellsenat noch harren.