bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asexual morph and molecular phylogeny of Phyllactinia rhoina on Choerospondias axillaris
Authors: Tang Shu‐Rong , Liu Shu‐Yan , Feng Jing , Zhang Zhao‐Yang , Wang Xi‐Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChoerospondias axillaris (Anacardiaceae) is a fast‐growing tree species with edible wild fruits, used as pioneer tree for reforestation in south China. Fruits, leaves and bark are utilized for diverse culinary and pharmaceutical purposes. In December 2019, C. axillaris infected by powdery mildew was collected in Lianhuashan Park (117.01°E, 25.10°N), Fujian, China. The disease affected approximately 50‒60%, which severely influenced the yield and quality of the infected trees. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, the causal agent was identified as Phyllactinia rhoina. As far as we are aware, this is the first detailed description of the asexual morph for this species and the first complete molecular phylogeny inferred from ITS and 28S rDNA gene sequences. The information may be helpful for disease monitoring purposes of C. axillaris for growers.
The longitudinal development of large‐scale functional brain networks for arithmetic ability from childhood to adolescence
Authors: Wang Chunjie , Ren Tian , Zhang Xinyuan , Dou Wenjie , Jia Xi , Li Bao‐ming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArithmetic ability is an important high‐level cognitive function that requires interaction among multiple brain regions. Previous studies on arithmetic development have focused on task‐induced activation in isolated brain regions or functional connectivity among particular seed regions. However, it remains largely unknown whether and how functional connectivity among large‐scale brain modules contributes to arithmetic development. In the present study, we used a longitudinal sample of task‐based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data comprising 63 typically developing children, with two testing points being about 2 years apart. With graph theory, we examined the longitudinal development of large‐scale brain modules for a multiplication task in younger (mean age 9.88 at time 1) and older children (mean age 12.34 at time 1), respectively. The results showed that the default‐mode (DMN) and frontal‐parietal networks (FPN) became increasingly segregated over time. Specifically, intra‐connectivity within the DMN and FPN increased significantly with age, and inter‐connectivity between the DMN and visual network decreased significantly with age. Such developmental changes were mainly observed in the younger children but not in the older children. Moreover, the change in network segregation of the DMN was positively correlated with longitudinal gain in arithmetic performance in the younger children, and individual difference in network segregation of the FPN was positively correlated with arithmetic performance at Time 2 in the older children. Taken together, the present results highlight the development of the functional architecture in large‐scale brain networks from childhood to adolescence, which may provide insights into potential neural mechanisms underlying arithmetic development.
Cortical semantization of autobiographical memory over subjective chronological time: An fMRI study
Authors: McWilliams Kellie , Kaplan Alexander , Eline Ellen , Kaminer Isabelle , Zodrow Shauna , Petersen Julie , Williams J. Michael , Osipowicz Karol 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe content and neural representation of autobiographical memories change over time; however, these changes are poorly understood. We hypothesize that the content of memories becomes semanticized, while the neural representation moves from mesial to cortical structures. We conducted an fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) study on the effects of time on autobiographical memory retrieval. Twenty healthy participants were cued by a selection of photographs that represented distinct episodic memories from 1, 2, 6, and 14 years prior to scanning. Our behavioural data of self‐report measures of memory qualia suggests a loss of episodic content over time. GLM (general linear model) results demonstrate that across all time points, visual association cortices and mesial temporal lobes were activated. However, we did not observe any GLM differences between memory time points. We used SVM (support vector machine) in order to predict memory time point based on neural activation patterns. We were able to accurately predict classification accuracy for the 1‐year (66.7%), 2‐year (66.7%), and 14‐year (33.4%) memory time points, with an overall classification accuracy of 55.6%. We suggest that our findings can be interpreted in light of cortical semantization; as memories age, they become more semanticized and shift in representation towards cortical structures.
Heterogeneity of patients with functional/dissociative seizures: Three multidimensional profiles
Authors: Hingray Coraline , Ertan Deniz , Reuber Markus , Lother Anne‐Sophie , Chrusciel Jan , Tarrada Alexis , Michel Nathalie , Meyer Mylene , Klemina Irina , Maillard Louis , Sanchez Stephane , El‐Hage Wissam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveCurrent concepts highlight the neurological and psychological heterogeneity of functional/dissociative seizures (FDS). However, it remains uncertain whether it is possible to distinguish between a limited number of subtypes of FDS disorders. We aimed to identify profiles of distinct FDS subtypes by cluster analysis of a multidimensional dataset without any a priori hypothesis.MethodsWe conducted an exploratory, prospective multicenter study of 169 patients with FDS. We collected biographical, trauma (childhood and adulthood traumatic experiences), semiological (seizure characteristics), and psychopathological data (psychiatric comorbidities, dissociation, and alexithymia) through psychiatric interviews and standardized scales. Clusters were identified by the Partitioning Around Medoids method. The similarity of patients was computed using Gower distance. The clusters were compared using analysis of variance, chi‐squared, or Fisher exact tests.ResultsThree patient clusters were identified in this exploratory, hypothesis‐generating study and named on the basis of their most prominent characteristics:

A “No/Single Trauma” group (31.4%), with more male patients, intellectual disabilities, and nonhyperkinetic seizures, and a low level of psychopathology;
A “Cumulative Lifetime Traumas” group (42.6%), with clear female predominance, hyperkinetic seizures, relatively common comorbid epilepsy, and a high level of psychopathology; and
A “Childhood Traumas” group (26%), commonly with comorbid epilepsy, history of childhood sexual abuse (75%), and posttraumatic stress disorder, but also with a high level of anxiety and dissociation.
SignificanceAlthough our cluster analysis was undertaken without any a priori hypothesis, the nature of the trauma history emerged as the most important differentiator between three common FDS disorder subtypes. This subdifferentiation of FDS disorders may facilitate the development of more specific therapeutic programs for each patient profile.
Tasteless confinement of juveniles with I/DD: How to keep juvenile offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities out of confinement
Authors: Hays Madison 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA lack of screening for intellectual and developmental disabilities (“I/DD”) in juvenile justice systems nationwide results in a lack of appropriate accommodations. As a result, juveniles with I/DD are at a heightened risk of recidivation and adult incarceration than non‐disabled offenders. Additionally, juvenile incarceration harms an individual's health and educational and employment attainment. This Note proposes model legislation that requires mandatory screening for I/DD and implements a pre‐arrest restorative community‐based diversion program aimed at meeting the needs of juvenile offenders with I/DD and teaching participants intellectual, emotional, and social skills, while reducing incarceration and recidivism rates among youth with I/DD.
The relative importance of suspended versus benthic food resources to freshwater mussels in central Texas, U.S.A.
Authors: Fogelman Kaelyn J. , Stoeckel James A. , Abdelrahman Hisham A. , Helms Brian S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

As unionid mussels continue to decline in North America much remains unknown regarding their primary food resources and feeding relationships. Our objective was to investigate spatial, temporal, intra‐ and interspecific variation in food resource use.

In this study, we quantified stable C (δ13C) and stable N (δ15N) isotopic signatures for five mussel species and their potential food resources across four catchments and three seasons in central Texas, U.S.A.

Across all species and sites, Bayesian mixing models suggest C derived from coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM; bulk detrital leaf packs) contributed on average 51% to the mussel diet and C derived from suspended particulate organic matter contributed 41% on average to the mussel diet. Mussel stable isotope signatures exhibited minimal variation across species within a site, but significant differences across sites and seasons. Although significant differences in food source contributions were observed between sites and species, differences were relatively small and either CPOM or suspended particulate organic matter were consistently the primary food resource.

Mussels were potentially consuming microbial biofilms associated with CPOM pools, but preferential assimilation of detrital biofilms remains to be quantified. Carbon:nitrogen ratios of mussel soft tissue varied seasonally with summer ratios approximately 3 times higher on average than spring and autumn ratios, which is suggestive of poor food quality and thermal stress during the summer. Some species had significant positive relationships between isotopic ratios and shell length, which indicates changes in food resource incorporation with increasing mussel size.

Together these data suggest the C in mussel tissues was of benthic and suspended origin. These findings provide further evidence that mussels effectively exploit benthic in addition to planktonic food resources which emphasises the need to maintain riparian habitats and allochthonous inputs.
Marketing at the bottom of the pyramid: Literature review and future research agenda
Authors: Vishnoi Prama , Bhardwaj Neha , Vohra Anupama 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the early 2000s, Prahalad and Hart presented the possibility of serving the poor profitably and alleviating poverty. They introduced the concept of BoP (Bottom/Base of the Pyramid). Recent scholarly work also justifies that BoP is a significant market, and it deserves attention from profit‐oriented businesses. An analysis of the existing BoP literature in the marketing domain reveals that the literature is scattered without a classification of themes, which can help researchers to understand the breadth of the area and depth of coverage in each of them. Intending to bridge this gap, this study synthesizes research on marketing in the context of BoP. The review uses a structured literature review method and classifies the various marketing studies on the BoP into relevant themes. This analysis of 88 articles published from 2000 to 2021 (October) includes a thematic literature review. It presents a comprehensive view of marketing literature on BoP, classifying it into five main themes: Conceptualizing Poverty, Market Assessment, Marketing Strategy, Consumer Behavior, and Role of Technology. The study also identifies major thrust areas within each of these themes. It concludes by offering suggestions for further research on the identified thrust areas, geographical contexts, and methodologies adopted. The study also assimilates insightful theoretical and practical implications.
Safety of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with mechanical prosthetic valves
Authors: Rozen Guy , Elbaz‐Greener Gabby , Andria Nizar , Heist Kevin , Ruskin Jeremy N. , Roguin Ariel , Carasso Shemy , Birati Edo , Amir Offer , Marai Ibrahim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly utilized in recent years, with promising results. We aimed to investigate the nationwide trends in utilization and procedural complications of CA for AF in patients with mechanical prosthetic valves (MPVs).Methods and ResultsWe drew data from the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to identify cases of AF ablations in patients with MPVs, between 2003 and 2015. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and incidence of procedural complications, mortality, and length of stay were analyzed. We compared the outcomes to a propensity‐matched cohort of patients without MPVs.The study included a weighted total of 1898 CA for AF cases in patients with MPVs. The median age of the study population was 67 (61–75) years and 53% were males. Despite the increasing age and significant uptrend in the prevalence of individual comorbidities and Deyo–Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) over the years, the risk of peri‐procedural complications and mortality in the study group did not change between the early (2003–2008) and late (2009–2015) study years.The peri‐procedural complication rate (8.4% vs. 10.4%, p = .33) and in‐hospital mortality (0.2% vs. 0.2%, p = .9) did not differ significantly between patients with MPVs and 1901 matched patients without MPVs. Length of stay was higher among patients with prior MPVs compared to the controls (4.0 ± 0.2 vs. 3.3 ± 0.2 days, p = .011).ConclusionThis nationwide analysis shows that AF ablation in patients with mechanical valve prothesis bares a similar risk of periprocedural complications and mortality as in patients without prosthetic valves.
A variance partitioning perspective of assortative mating: Proximate mechanisms and evolutionary implications
Authors: Class Barbara , Dingemanse Niels J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAssortative mating occurs when paired individuals of the same population are more similar than expected by chance. This form of non‐random assortment has long been predicted to play a role in many evolutionary processes because assortatively mated individuals are assumed to be genetically similar. However, this assumption may always hold for labile traits, or traits that are measured with error. For such traits, there is a variety of proximate mechanisms that can drive phenotypic resemblance between mated partners that, notably, have very different evolutionary repercussions. Bettering our understanding of the role of assortative mating in evolution will thus require insight into its proximate causes. To date, empirical research remains sparse, especially when for labile traits. This special issue aims to stimulate such research while promoting the usage and development of statistical approaches allowing the quantification of the relative roles of alternative proximate mechanisms causing assortative mating. To this end, we first describe how the phenotypic covariance between mated partners can be usefully partitioned into components that capture one or several of five distinct mechanisms. We then demonstrate why the importance of mechanisms causing genetic covariance between the traits of partners may often be overestimated. Finally, we detail how the evolutionary causes and consequences of the diverse mechanisms may be identified.
Multispecies colour polymorphisms associated with contrasting microhabitats in two Mediterranean wrasse radiations
Authors: Fark Sarya N. , Gerber Steve , Alonzo Suzanne H. , Kindsvater Holly K. , Meier Joana I. , Seehausen Ole 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntraspecific colour polymorphisms (CPs) present unique opportunities to study fundamental evolutionary questions, such as the link between ecology and phenotype, mechanisms maintaining genetic diversity and their putative role in speciation. Wrasses are highly diverse in ecology and morphology and harbour a variety of colour‐polymorphic species. In the Mediterranean Sea, wrasses of the tribe Labrini evolved two species radiations each harbouring several species with a brown and a green morph. The colour morphs occur in complete sympatry in mosaic habitats with rocky outcrops and Neptune grass patches. Morph‐specific differences had not been characterized yet and the evolutionary forces maintaining them remained unknown. With genome‐wide data for almost all Labrini species, we show that species with CPs are distributed across the phylogeny, but show evidence of hybridization. This suggests that the colour morphs are either ancient and have been lost repeatedly, that they have evolved repeatedly or have been shared via hybridization. Focusing on two polymorphic species, we find that each colour morph is more common in the microhabitat providing the best colour match and that the morphs exhibit additional behavioural and morphological differences further improving crypsis in their respective microhabitats. We find little evidence for genetic differentiation between the morphs in either species. Therefore, we propose that these colour morphs represent a multi‐niche polymorphism as an adaptation to the highly heterogeneous habitat. Our study highlights how colour polymorphism (CP) can be advantageous in mosaic habitats and that Mediterranean wrasses are an ideal system to study trans‐species polymorphisms, i.e. polymorphisms maintained across several species, in adaptive radiations.
Relationship between social support and postpartum depression in migrant and non‐migrant first‐time mothers
Authors: Zlotnick Cheryl , Manor‐Lavon Inbal , Leahy‐Warren Patricia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study examines the relationship between social status and postpartum depression by migrant generation and determines whether social support moderates the relationship between migrant generations and postpartum depression.BackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) afflicts more than 1 in 10 childbearing women worldwide; and this mental health problem may be higher among vulnerable populations of women such as migrants, an increasingly prevalent group in many countries. Social support and migrant generation (1st generation—mother and her parents born outside the host country; 2nd generation—mother born in the host country but not her parents; 2.5 generation—mother and one parent born in the host country) may contribute to the conflicting findings on migrant mothers and postpartum depression.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional design.MethodsSample recruitment of migrant and non‐migrant first‐time mothers (n=515) was implemented through an online platform. A STROBE checklist guided the reporting of this study.ResultsPPD was lower among mothers with social support. While social support was negatively associated with PPD for all mothers, PPD was not associated with migrant generation nor was a moderation effect found.ConclusionsSocial support is negatively associated with PPD for all mothers, but levels of PPD for migrant mothers may be linked to country‐specific healthcare resources and immigration policies. Immigrant policies influence migrant mothers’ healthcare access; thus, immigration policies may influence PPD among first‐time migrant mothers and the manner in which nurses can provide formal support. This study finds that social support, including the formal social support provided by nurses, decreases the likelihood of PPD. Demands on nurses’ technical and assessment skills are high, but nurses also need to remember that their skills of providing social support are equally important, and for first‐time mothers, may contribute to decreasing PPD.
Classroom Teacher Efficacy Toward Implementation of Physical Activity in the D‐SHINES Intervention
Authors: Barcelona Jeanne M. , Centeio Erin E. , Hijazi Kowsar , Pedder Christine 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDGiven levels of sedentary behavior among youth, teachers have been called upon to increase physical activity (PA) by implementing classroom PA breaks. School‐based interventions enacted in classroom settings have shown promise in increasing youth PA. Yet little is known about how teacher efficacy toward implementing classroom PA breaks may influence intervention effects.PURPOSETherefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how the Dearborn School Health through Integrated Nutrition and Exercise Strategies (D‐SHINES) intervention, implemented across 8 schools, influenced classroom teacher's efficacy toward providing classroom PA breaks.METHODSA mixed‐methods design examined classroom teachers' efficacy toward implementing classroom PA breaks and used semi‐structured interviews to better understand teachers' efficacy and implementation.ResultsQuantitative results indicated that teacher efficacy significantly increased over the intervention period and that general and institutional efficacy predicted higher amounts of PA breaks offered. Qualitative results suggested that to enhance teachers' facilitation of classroom PA breaks, one must tap into the institutional, student, and educational factors that constitute teacher efficacy.Implications for School HealthDesigning interventions that focus on teacher efficacy toward classroom PA may be a viable way to increase PA breaks in schools. Implications for the whole school, whole community, whole child model are discussed.
Ability of matrix metalloproteinase‐8 biosensor, IFMA, and ELISA immunoassays to differentiate between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis
Authors: Umeizudike Kehinde Adesola , Lähteenmäki Hanna , Räisänen Ismo T , Taylor John J , Preshaw Philip M , Bissett Susan M , Tervahartiala Taina , O Nwhator Solomon , Pärnänen Pirjo , Sorsa Timo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of an MMP‐8 biosensor assay in differentiating periodontal health from gingivitis and periodontitis and compare it with an established time‐resolved immunofluorescence assay (IFMA) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).BackgroundCurrently available antibody‐based assays display a wide variability in their ability to accurately measure matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) levels in saliva.MethodsSalivary MMP‐8 levels were analyzed in 189 systemically healthy participants using an antibody‐based biosensor prototype that operates using a surface acoustic wave technology and compared with IFMA and ELISA antibody assays. Participants were categorized into 3 groups: periodontal health (59), gingivitis (63), and periodontitis (67). A sub‐population of participants (n = 20) with periodontitis received periodontal treatment and were monitored for 6 months.ResultsAll the assays demonstrated significantly higher salivary MMP‐8 concentrations in participants with periodontitis versus gingivitis, periodontitis versus health, and gingivitis versus health (all p < .05). The biosensor data demonstrated significant correlations with IFMA (r = .354, p < .001) and ELISA (r = .681, p < .001). Significant reductions in salivary MMP‐8 concentrations were detected by the biosensor (p = .030) and IFMA (p = .002) in participants with periodontitis 6 months after non‐surgical periodontal treatment. IFMA had the best sensitivity (89.2%) for detecting periodontitis and gingivitis versus health and 96.6% for detecting periodontitis versus health and gingivitis. The biosensor had an AUC value of 0.81 and diagnostic accuracy of 74.2% for differentiating periodontitis and gingivitis from health; an AUC value of 0.86 and diagnostic accuracy of 82.8% for periodontitis versus health and gingivitis.ConclusionsThe biosensor, IFMA, and ELISA assays differentiated between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis based on salivary MMP‐8 levels. Only the biosensor and, particularly, IFMA identified an effect of periodontal treatment in the participants with periodontitis. Our findings support the potential utility of salivary oral fluid aMMP‐8‐based point‐of‐care technology in the future of periodontal diagnostics.