bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A large-Scale Survey of Current Status of Scientific Research and Innovation Ability Cultivation for Undergraduates
Authors: Zhou Fuling , Luo Ping , Wang Hairong , Shen Hui , Yuan Yufeng , Zhang Xian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Wuhan University Medical College has implemented the reform of innovative education for undergraduates. This study aims at investigating the practice of the Innovation Education Reform and find out problems to be improved. Methods: Total 670 questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate students from the Wuhan University Medical College. The main categories involved the evaluation of practicability, students' support and satisfaction for innovative education reform. Results: Most students have high support for scientific research innovation. Totally 92.5% of the students believe teachers' guidance is important for conducting scientific research. Only 40% of students believe that they can get information about innovation activities. About 60.64% of students think the basic knowledge of books can’t meet their learning requirements and 83.62% students think it is necessary for the school to set up research and training courses. Setting up problem discussion classes (65%) and teachers’ teaching attitude and methods (70%) are most satisfied, followed by academic lectures (53%). Less than half of the students are satisfied with the undergraduate tutorial system (49%), the experimental facilities provided by the school (46.5%), and innovative atmosphere (39%). The evaluation of students’ own scientific research innovation ability is also not very high (12.31%). Conclusions: Scientific research training plays an important role in the cultivation of college students' scientific research and innovation ability, and teachers play a leading role. Undergraduate tutorial system, opening laboratory and the other managements contribute to innovative education. However, in the process of implementation, some problems still need to be continuously improved.
Evaluation of Ab Externo Subretinal Bands Removal During Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Complicated by Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Elbaha Samir , Ghoneem Mohammed , Abousamra Amir , Abouhussein Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

To compare the safety and efficacy of Ab-externo subretinal bands removal in comparison with classical Ab-interno approach during pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Methods

Subjects aged 28-62 years with primary RRD complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) with subretinal bands interfering with retinal flattening were treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil injection. Subretinal bands were removed using the classical AB interno approach through one or more retinotomies in ten patients (group A) and using AB externo approach in twenty cases (group B). Post-operative follow-up visits occurred at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, after surgery. The main outcomes were assessment of subretinal bands removal efficacy, documentation of complications, anatomical reattachment rate, and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).
Results

There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding patients’ age, gender, lens status, and the onset of retinal detachment. Seventy percent of both groups presented with inferior retinal detachment while ten percent presented with temporal detachments and twenty percent had a total retinal detachment. Both groups had a statistically significant improvement in postoperative visual acuity in comparison with preoperative visual acuity (P=0.005 for group A and P=<0.001 for group B). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding preoperative (P= 0.928) and postoperative (P=0.185) visual acuity. A higher incidence of complications was reported in group A (40%) in comparison with group B (30%) but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.69). More Epimacular membranes were seen postoperatively in group A (30%) in comparison with group B (20%) but again this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.657). Subretinal hemorrhage was seen in ten percent of cases in both groups. Intraocular pressure was measured in every follow-up of all patients in both groups, no statistically significant difference was found between both groups.
Conclusions

Both techniques are effective and safe to remove subretinal bands with similar outcomes.
Mitochondrial Dynamics of Bcl-2 Family During E2-Induced Apoptosis Correlates with the Malignant of Endometrial Cancer Cells
Authors: Yaguchi Takahiro , Taira Hirofumi , Kameno Misaki , Kawakami Junji 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Endometrial adenocarcinoma has two type: Type I has an estrogen-derived etiology and low-grade endometrial cancer cells, on the other hand, Type II occurs estrogenindependent and is high-grade endometrial cancer cells. However, it is not well understood that the relationship between the exposure of estrogen and the grade of endometrial cancer cells. So, we investigated how estrogen affected the grade of endometrial cancer cells. In the present study, we focused on the localization and expression of Bcl-2 family that regulate the mitochondrial membrane potential in HEC1 and HEC50B cells. Cell viability was decreased by 17-b-estradiol (E2 ) and E2 disturbed the mitochondrial membrane potential followed by activating caspase-9 and caspase-3 in both cells. These results suggested that E2 induced apoptosis in HEC1 and HEC50B cells. B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) expression were decreased and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL ) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression were increased at the mitochondrial outer membrane in HEC1 cells. On the other hand, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression were decreased and Bad and Bax expression were increased at the mitochondrial outer membrane in HEC50B cells. In conclusion, the dynamics of the Bcl-2 family during E2 -induced apoptosis was found to be different depending on the grade of endometrial cancer cells. We hope that the dynamics of Bcl-2 family proteins such as Bcl-XL and Bad will be used to diagnose the grade of malignant of endometrial cancer cells.
Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic And Immune Infiltrates For Foxps Transcription Factors In Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Yi Jianing , Zeng Yuanjun , Zou Lianhong , Zeng Jie , Zhang Chaojie , Liu Luyao , Fan Peizhi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Forkhead-box-P family include FOXP1/2/3/4 and its clinical significance still remains unclear in breast cancer(BRCA). We analysed the expressions of FOXPs in BRCA patients to determine diagnostic and prognostic values. Our results indicated that the transcriptional levels of FOXP3/4 were up-regulated in BRCA patients, but FOXP2 were down-regulated. No statistically significant correlation were found between the expression levels of FOXPs in Pathologic stage. FOXP2/3 had a significantly high AUC value in the detection of breast cancer, with 96.8% or 95.7% in accuracy respectively. Our study also suggested that BRCA patients with high transcription levels of FOXP1/2/4 were significantly associated with longer OS. In contrast, BRCA patients with high transcription levels of FOXP3 was not statistically related with OS. Our work revealed that FOXPs was closely related to the alteration of extensive immune checkpoints in breast invasive carcinoma. Additionally, FOXP3 has a significant positive correlation with PDCD1, CD274, CTLA4 and TMB in breast cancer, and FOXP3 expression showed a statistically significant correlation with infiltration of immune cells. Finally, we found that FOXP3 expression predicted the breast cancer cells response to anticancer drugs. Altogether, our work strongly suggests that FOXPs could serve as a biomarker for tumor detection, therapeutic design and prognosis.
Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) Promotes Angiogenesis of Glioblastoma Through Up-regulating PSMA Expression Via Transcription Factor HIF-1α
Authors: Tu Wenjing , Zheng Hui , Li Liangdong , Zhou Changshuai , Feng Mingtao , Chen Lei , Li Deheng , Chen Xin , Hao Bin , Cao Yiqun , Gao Yang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly vascular-rich and devastatingly aggressive type of malignant brain tumors, thus anti-angiogenesis therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of GBM. Our previous study had showed that the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoted angiogenesis of GBM though interacting with Integrin β4 (ITGB4) and regulating NF-kB signaling pathway. This study aims to explore the upstream molecular mechanism of GBM regulating the expression of PSMA and promoting angiogenesis process.Methods: Human cytokine antibody array and bioinformatics were used to explore potential cytokines involved in regulating PSMA expression. Recombinant protein was applied and Western blot, qRT-PCR were assessed to verify that the contributing cytokine was SPP1. Expression levels, prognosis and receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve of SPP1 were determined by bioinformatics to evaluate its clinical value. ELISA was conducted to evaluate the variation of SPP1 in the serum of GBM patients pre- and post-surgery. Potential transcription factor mediating the expression of PSMA was sifted through PROMO and JASPAR website. ChIP assay and dual luciferase were used to confirm that the transcription factor regulating PSMA expression was HIF-1α. Cellular migration and tube formation ability were assessed by scratch assay and tube formation assay in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Results: We demonstrated that cytokine SPP1 secreted from GBM could regulate the expression of PSMA in HUVEC. SPP1 was abundantly expressed in the GBM, and the high expression of SPP1 is associated with poor prognosis. Recombinant protein SPP1 could promote migration and tube formation ability of HUVEC. The mechanistic study revealed that SPP1 regulated the expression of PSMA through transcription factor HIF1α. In addition, knockdown of HIF1α could reduce the expression of PSMA in HUVEC, and block the ability of SPP1 in promoting migration and tube formation of HUVEC. Furthermore, SPP1 and HIF1α both had a high value of clinical diagnosis with considerable sensitivity and specificity.Conclusions: In this study, we identified that upstream cytokine SPP1 secreted from GBM could upregulate PSMA expression in endothelial cells via transcription factor HIF1α, which constructs a positive chain in angiogenesis and provides promising candidates for targeted therapy of GBM.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin in Plasma Exosomes and Pericardial Fluid Exosomes Are Associated With Severity of Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Sarkar Subendu , Chakraborti Anuradha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rheumatic heart is an autoimmune sequel of pharyngitis and rheumatic fever that leads to permanent heart valves damage, especially the mitral valves. The mitral valves, which are responsible for the binding of auto-antibodies during immune response generation, leads to valves scarring and eventually mitral valve dysfunction. Recently, exosomes (EXOs), the nano-sized-vesicles, which ranges in size from 30-150 nm, are involved in various cardiovascular physiological and pathological processes. These vesicles are found in several body fluids such as plasma, serum and also in cell culture media. Exosomal cargo contains proteins, which are taken up by the recipient cells and modulates the cellular characteristics. The role of exosomal proteins in RHD is still obscure. Hence, the present study is designed to unveil the role of exosomal proteins in increasing disease severity during RHD. In this study, the exosomes were isolated from biological fluids (plasma and pericardial fluid) of RHD patients as well as from their respective controls. Protein profiling of these isolated exosomes revealed that alpha-1 antitrypsin is up-regulated in the biological fluids of RHD patients. The augmented levels of exosomal alpha-1 antitrypsin, was further, validated in biological samples and mitral valve tissues of RHD patients, which was further correlated with the disease severity. These findings suggest that increased levels of exosomal alpha-1 antitrypsin is responsible for increased severity during RHD.
Transgenic Forsythia plants expressing sesame cytochrome P450 produce beneficial lignans
Authors: Koyama Tomotsugu , Matsumoto Erika , Okuda Toshimi , Murata Jun , Horikawa Manabu , Hata Naoki , Okazawa Atsushi , Ono Eiichiro , SATAKE HONOO 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Lignans are widely distributed plant secondary metabolites that have received attention for their benefits to human health. Sesamin is a furofran lignan that is conventionally extracted from Sesamum seeds and shows anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the human liver. Sesamin is biosynthesized by the Sesamum-specific enzyme CYP81Q1, and the natural sources of sesamin are annual plants that are at risk from climate change. In contrast, Forsythia species are widely distributed perennial woody plants that highly accumulate the precursor lignan pinoresinol. To sustainably supply sesamin, we developed a transformation method for Forsythia leaf explants and generated transgenic Forsythia plants that heterologously expressed the CYP81Q1 gene. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and LC-mass spectrometry analyses detected sesamin and its intermediate piperitol in the leaves of two independent transgenic lines of F. intermedia and F. koreana. We also detected the accumulation of sesamin and piperitol in their vegetatively propagated descendants, demonstrating the stable and efficient production of these lignans. These results indicate that CYP81Q1-transgenic Forsythia plants are promising platforms to produce diverse lignans and provide an important strategy for the cost-effective and scalable production of lignans.
Clematis Genetic Diversity and Hybrid Identification using ISSR Markers
Authors: Wang Xin , Mingyang LI , Lin Tian , Dongyun LIU 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Clematis taxa are diverse, with high ornamental value. However, these plants have a complicated genetic background and a long growth period. Thus, molecular identifications are necessary to shorten the breeding cycle. Result Here, the genetic diversity of 17 parental taxa (five wild species and 12 Texas cultivars) were analyzed using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. We obtained 108 alleles using 12 ISSR primers (an average of 9 alleles per primer). Genetic parameters, including the number of alleles (Na), the effective number of alleles (Ne), Nei's genetic diversity (H), and Shannon's diversity (I), suggested that these 17 taxa were highly diverse. Phylogenetic analysis recovered the 17 taxa in two large clades: one cluster included all of the cultivars, as well as Clematis pinnata, C. brevicaudata, and C. tubulosa; the second cluster included C. fusca and C. reticulata . The pairwise genetic distances between all cultivars were 0.421–2.368, suggesting that these cultivars may have derived from closely related species. We next performed five crosses between parental taxa and used ISSR markers to validate the authenticity of the 15 hybrid offspring. ISSR primers amplified bands specific to the male parents of each cross. Male parent-specific bands were identified in 11 of the 15 offspring; these 11 offspring were identified as true hybrids. The remaining progeny were considered self-hybrids due to the absence of male parent-specific bands. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that ISSR molecular markers may be useful tools for the verification of true Clematis hybrids. ISSR-based genetic diversity analyses, early hybrid identification, and marker assisted selection of Clematis taxa may improve breeding efficiency, excavate key genes associated with important traits, promote the development of new varieties, and shorten the breeding cycle
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation Among Medical Students in Hong Kong - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chu Steven Tsun-Wai , Chung Phoebe Pui Wun , Lam Hiu Wai , Hui Yau Long , Choi Hing Chung , Sin Ling Ling , Law Chui Shan , Yan Nga Ying , Choi Ka Yung , Wan Eric Yuk Fai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The rate of organ donation in Hong Kong is among the lowest in developed regions. Since medical students will play an important role in counselling patients for organ donation and identifying potential donors in the future, their knowledge, attitudes and action for organ donation are important. Therefore, this study aimed to understand knowledge, attitudes and actions with regard to organ donation among medical students and investigate the factors determining the knowledge and attitudes.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, medical students in Hong Kong were invited to complete an online questionnaire that assessed their attitudes, knowledge, action of organ donation, belief and perception on death and organ donation, commitment towards organ donation, perceived confidence and competence on discussing organ donation, exposure to registered organ donors and potential organ recipients, and self-competence in death work. Linear regression analyses and logistic regression were performed to analyse the effect of the variables on knowledge, attitudes and action for organ donation.Results: 377 medical students participated in the study. Almost all medical students (99.5%) held a positive attitude towards organ donation, but only 28.1% have signed up as organ donors. Determinants of knowledge of organ donation included belief in preservation of intact body after death (β = –.135, 95% CI = –.235 - –.036) and perceived confidence and competence of organ donation discussion (β = –.120, 95% CI = –.221 - –.018). Predictors of organ donor registration status included knowledge of organ donation (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.006 - 1.060), perceived convenience of organ donation registration (OR = 3.751, 95% CI = 1.616 - 8.710), commitment to organ donation (OR = 3.810, 95% CI = 2.012 - 7.210), and exposure to organ donation (OR = 4.283, 95% CI = 2.370 - 7.740).Conclusions and Relevance: Knowledge is positively associated with organ donation action. The above determinants of knowledge of organ donation in medical education and health promotion could be emphasized in medical education. Future research may evaluate the effectiveness of different education programmes in improving the knowledge and actions of medical students.
Precise Genetic Mapping of Rf18(t), A New Fertility Restorer Gene From ‘Nipponbare’ for Wild Abortive Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: zhang honggen , Li Xixu , Xu Zuopeng , Wang Ruixuan , Zhao Xiangqiang , Tu Geliang , Liang Guohua , Gu Minghong , Tang Shuzhu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Three-line hybrid rice obtained through cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has helped increase the yield of rice globally, and the wild abortive (WA)-type cytoplasm from wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) is used widely in three-line indica hybrids. The identification and mapping of the Restorer-of-fertility (Rf) genes in maintainer lines aided in uncovering the genetic basis of fertility restoration of WA-type CMS and the development of WA-type hybrids. In this study we identified a new Rf gene, Rf18(t), for WA-type CMS from the japonica maintainer line ‘Nipponbare’ using a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population derived from a cross between the indica line 9311 and ‘Nipponbare’. Using a substitution mapping strategy, Rf18(t) was delimited to a 48-kb chromosomal region flanked by molecular marker loci ID01M28791 and ID01M28845 on chromosome 1. By comparative sequence analyses, we propose that LOC_Os01g71320 is the most likely candidate gene for Rf18(t), and it is predicted to encode hexokinase. Furthermore, Rf18(t) was found to function in fertility restoration probably by a posttranscriptional mechanism and its function is dependent on the genetic background of 9311. These results broaden our knowledge on the mechanism of fertility restoration of WA-type CMS lines and will facilitate the development of WA-type rice hybrids.
Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium derived from suspension cultivation or Silymarin on liver failure mice
Authors: Amiri Fatemeh , Molaei Sedigheh , Salimi Rasoul , Ferdowsi Shirin , Bahadori Marzie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Common treatments of liver disease failed to meet all the needs in this important medical field. It results in an urgent need for proper some new adjuvant therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives are promising tools in this regard. We aimed to compare the Silymarin, as traditional treatment with mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM), as a novel strategy, both with therapeutic potentialities in term of liver failure (LF) treatment.Methods and Results: Mice models with liver failure were induced with CCl4 and were treated in the groups as follows: normal mice receiving DMEM-LG medium as control, LF-mice receiving DMEM-LG medium as sham, LF-mice receiving Silymarin as LF-SM, and LF-mice receiving Sph-MSC-CM as LF-MSC-CM. Biochemical, histopathological, molecular and protein level parameters were evaluated using blood and liver samples. Liver enzymes, MicroRNA-122 values as well as necrotic score were significantly lower in the LF-SM and LF-MSC-CM groups compared to sham. LF-SM showed significantly higher level of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde than that of LF-MSC-CM groups. Sph-MSC-CM not only induced more down-regulated expression of fibrinogen-like protein 1 and receptor interacting protein kinases1 but also led to higher expression level of keratinocyte growth factor. LF-MSC-CM showed less mortality rate compared to other groups.Conclusions: Hepato-protective potentialities of Sph-MSC-CM are comparable to those of Silymarin. More Inhibition of necroptosis/ necrosis and inflammation might result in rapid liver repair in case of MSC-CM administration.
Irisin enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells via Rap1/PI3K/AKT axis.
Authors: Chen Taiqiu , Peng Yan , Hu Wenjun , Shi Huihong , Li Pengfei , Que Yichen , Qiu Jincheng , Qiu Xianjian , Gao Bo , Zhou Hang , Chen Yanbo , Zhu Yuanxin , Li Shaoguang , Liang Anjing , Gao Wenjie , Huang Dongsheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been proven to have inherent chondrogenic differentiation potential, which appears to be used in cartilage regeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that irisin enhances osteoblast differentiation of MSCs, but little is known about its potential on chondrogenic differentiation. MethodsIn our study, we investigated the effects of irisin on chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs, and detected the underlying mechanism using RNA-seq.ResultsCompared with the controls, irisin treatment could significantly enhance chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. RNA-seq results prompted that irisin treatment activated the Rap1 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Further studies demonstrated that irisin treatment could up-regulate the expression level of miR-125b-5p, targeting SIPA1L2, consequently activating the Rap1/PI3K/AKT axis. ConclusionsCollectively, our study reveals that irisin can enhance chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs via the Rap1/PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that irisin possesses prospects in cartilage regeneration.