bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy during a Pandemic: A Cohort Study Comparing Adverse Outcomes during and before the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rao Manasa G. , Toner Lorraine E. , Stone Joanne , Iwelumo Chioma A. , Goldberger Cody , Roser Brittany J. , Shah Ruhee , Rattner Paige , Paul Keisha S. , Stoffels Guillaume , Bianco Angela 
Published: June 2022

Objective This study was aimed to evaluate how the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have negatively impacted birth outcomes in patients who tested negative for the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records of pregnant women admitted to a tertiary medical center in New York City, an epicenter of the pandemic. Women with a singleton gestation admitted for delivery from March 27 to May 31, 2019, and March 27 to May 31, 2020, were included. Women less than 18 years of age, those with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerize chain reaction (PCR) test on admission, fetal anomaly, or multiple gestation were excluded. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess outcomes. The primary outcome was preterm birth.
Results Women who delivered during the 2020 study interval had a significantly higher rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (gestational hypertension [GHTN] or preeclampsia; odds ratio [OR] = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.85; p = 0.02), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH; OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14–2.73; p = 0.01), and preterm birth (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.10–2.02; p = 0.01). Gestational age at delivery was significantly lower in the 2020 cohort compared with the 2019 cohort (39.3 versus 39.4 weeks, p = 0.03). After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariate analysis confirmed a persistent increase in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10–2.20, p = 0.01), PPH (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.06–2.86, p = 0.03), and preterm birth (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.20–2.47, p = 0.003) in patients who delivered in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019. Specifically, medically indicated preterm births increased during the pandemic (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.77–5.67, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Those who delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic study interval were more likely to experience hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, medically indicated preterm birth, and PPH even in the absence of SARS-CoV2 infection.
Key Points
Individuals' Experiences of Having an Unplanned Cesarean Birth: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: DiTosto Julia D. , Leziak Karolina , Yee Lynn M. , Badreldin Nevert 
Published: June 2022

Objective The experience of an unplanned cesarean birth may be a risk factor for mood disorders and other challenges in the postpartum period, yet qualitative data on the patient experience are limited. We sought to understand individuals' experiences of having an unplanned cesarean birth.
Study Design This was a secondary analysis of a prospective qualitative investigation among low-income postpartum individuals at a single-, tertiary-care center in which the primary aim was to evaluate patients' postpartum pain experience after a cesarean birth. Participants completed a 60-minute face-to-face interview on postpartum days 2 to 3. Only participants who labored prior to their cesarean birth were included in this analysis. Transcripts were analyzed by two separate authors using the constant comparative method. Themes are illustrated using direct quotes.
Results A total of 22 individuals were included in this analysis; the majority (n=16, 72.7%) experienced a primary cesarean birth. Over half (n=12, 54.5%) identified as Hispanic and one-third (n=7, 31.8%) identified as non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity. Four themes regarding the experience of a cesarean birth after labor were identified, including feelings of anguish, belief that vaginal birth is “normal,” poor experiences with care teams, and feelings of self-efficacy. Subthemes were identified and outlined.
Conclusion In this cohort, individuals who experienced an unplanned cesarean birth after labor expressed feelings of self-blame, failure, and mistrust. Given the association of unplanned cesarean birth with mood disorders in the postpartum period, efforts to enhance communication and support may offer a means of improving individual experiences.
Key Points
Impact of a Hybrid Model of Prenatal Care on the Diagnosis of Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Soffer Marti D. , Sinnott Colleen , Clapp Mark A. , Bernstein Sarah N. 
Published: June 2022

Objective Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with poor neonatal outcomes and stillbirth, and screening via fundal height or ultrasound is routinely performed. During the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we developed a hybrid model of prenatal care which decreased the frequency of in-person visits and incorporated telemedicine visits. We sought to determine if prenatal FGR diagnoses decreased with this hybrid model compared with routine prenatal care.Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton nonanomalous neonates with birth weights <10th percentile at term. The “routine care” group was consisted of those who born between April and July 2019 with in-person prenatal care, and the “hybrid care” group was consisted of those who born between April and July 2020 with both in-person and telemedicine prenatal cares at a collaborative academic practice. The primary outcome was the rate of diagnosis of small for gestational age (SGA) as defined as infant birth weight <10th percentile without a prenatal diagnosis of FGR. The secondary outcome was timing of diagnosis of FGR.Results Overall, 1,345 and 1,296 women gave birth in the routine and hybrid groups, respectively. The number of in-person prenatal care visits decreased from 15,024 in the routine period to 7,727 in the hybrid period; 3,265 telemedicine visits occurred during the hybrid period. The total number of prenatal patients remained relatively stable at 3,993 and 3,753 between periods. Third trimester ultrasounds decreased from 2,929 to 2,014 between periods. Birth weights <10 percentile occurred in 115 (8.6%) births during the routine period and 79 (6.1%) births during the hybrid period. Of 115, 44 (38.3%) cases were prenatally diagnosed with FGR in the routine versus 28 of 79 (35.4%) in the hybrid group (p = 0.76). Median gestational age at diagnosis did not vary between groups (36 vs. 37 weeks, p = 0.44).Conclusion A hybrid prenatal care model did not alter the detection of FGR. Future efforts should further explore the benefits of incorporating telemedicine into prenatal care.Key Points
Using an Ontology to Derive a Sharable and Interoperable Relational Data Model for Heterogeneous Healthcare Data and Various Applications
Authors: Khnaisser Christina , Lavoie Luc , Fraikin Benoit , Barton Adrien , Dussault Samuel , Burgun Anita , Ethier Jean-François 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background A large volume of heavily fragmented data is generated daily in different healthcare contexts and is stored using various structures with different semantics. This fragmentation and heterogeneity make secondary use of data a challenge. Data integration approaches that derive a common data model from sources or requirements have some advantages. However, these approaches are often built for a specific application where the research questions are known. Thus, the semantic and structural reconciliation is often not reusable nor reproducible. A recent integration approach using knowledge models has been developed with ontologies that provide a strong semantic foundation. Nonetheless, deriving a data model that captures the richness of the ontology to store data with their full semantic remains a challenging task.
Objectives This article addresses the following question: How to design a sharable and interoperable data model for storing heterogeneous healthcare data and their semantic to support various applications?
Method This article describes a method using an ontological knowledge model to automatically generate a data model for a domain of interest. The model can then be implemented in a relational database which efficiently enables the collection, storage, and retrieval of data while keeping semantic ontological annotations so that the same data can be extracted for various applications for further processing.
Results This article (1) presents a comparison of existing methods for generating a relational data model from an ontology using 23 criteria, (2) describes standard conversion rules, and (3) presents O n t o R e l a , a prototype developed to demonstrate the conversion rules.
Conclusion This work is a first step toward automating and refining the generation of sharable and interoperable relational data models using ontologies with a freely available tool. The remaining challenges to cover all the ontology richness in the relational model are pointed out.
Differences in Perinatal Outcomes among Rural Women by County Composition
Authors: Mbata Osinakachukwu , Garg Bharti , Caughey Aaron B. , Pilliod Rachel A. 
Published: June 2022

Objective We compared differences in perinatal outcomes among rural and nonrural women, stratified by maternal race/ethnicity. We also examined differences between majority minority rural counties with majority White rural counties.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 2015 national vital statistics birth certificate data. Maternal county of residence was identified, and counties with <50,000 people were designated as rural. We compared adverse perinatal outcomes between rural and nonrural residents, stratified by race/ethnicity. Adverse perinatal outcomes included primary term cesarean, preterm birth (PTB) <37 and <32 weeks, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, infant death, small for gestational age, and Apgar's scores <7 and <3 at 5minutes. Majority–minority rural counties were defined as counties having <50% White women. We compared perinatal outcomes among this cohort to those of women from majority White rural counties. Bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed.
Results Within the entire cohort, rural residents were more likely to be younger (age ≥35 years, 10.1 vs. 16.8%; p<0.001), Medicaid beneficiaries (50.3 vs. 44.1%; p<0.001), and uninsured (6.6 vs. 4.2%; p<0.001), and less likely to be married (57.4 vs. 60.20%; p<0.001). Rural residence was associated with Apgar's score <7 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64–2.54) and <3 (aOR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.04–3.48) among Asian women. Rural residence was also associated with PTB <37 weeks among Black (aOR=1.09; 95% CI: 1.06–1.13) and Asian women (aOR=1.16; 95% CI: 1.03–1.31). When compared with majority White rural county of residence, majority–minority rural county of residence was associated with the adverse perinatal outcomes studied.
Conclusion We observed increased rates of adverse perinatal outcomes among rural women. These trends persisted in majority–minority rural. Additional study is needed to find actionable targets for improving outcomes for rural women.
Key Points
Female entrepreneurship in Asia: a critical review and future directions
Authors: Franzke Sonja , Wu Jie , Froese Fabian Jintae , Chan Zi Xuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFemale entrepreneurs contribute substantially to economic growth in Asia. Despite their economic success, we know relatively little about them. This article presents a comprehensive review of female entrepreneurs in Asia, focusing on how they differ from their counterparts in the West, along four dimensions: female entrepreneurs’ unique characteristics, their distinct intentions, their constraints on resources, and their management styles. Our analysis revealed striking differences between female entrepreneurs in Asia and those in the West but also substantial heterogeneity within Asia. In developing Asian countries, female entrepreneurs often have a low level of education and work in the informal sector, driven by economic necessity, whereas many female entrepreneurs in transitioning/developed Asian countries are highly educated and work in high-growth industries. Culture and different religions, e.g., Islam and Hinduism, are major sources of constraints for the education and financing of female entrepreneurs in Asia. Family ties play a key role in the leadership style of female entrepreneurs in Asia. The review and analysis have important implications for future research and entrepreneurial practice.
Resonance and electrostatics making the difference in boron- and aluminum-halide structures and exchange reactivity
Authors: Molina-Aguirre Gabriela , Pannell Keith H. , Pinter Balazs 
Published: June 2022

The mechanism of the gas-phase halogen-exchange reaction between boron- and aluminum-halides (i.e., BX3 + BX3 and AlX3 + AlX3, X = F, Cl, or Br) was discovered using density functional theory. The reaction takes place via a two-step mechanism with the intermediacy of a diamond-core structure analogous to diborane. Good agreement was found between the simulated reaction features and experimental observations, which demonstrate slow kinetics and an equilibrium process for boron species and dimer formation in the case of aluminum-halides. This computational and theoretical study also reveals and quantifies the effect of resonance on the thermodynamic stability of the central intermediate and conceptualizes the extreme stability difference (∼50 kcal mol−1) between boron and aluminum diamond-core bridge structures. Through an interaction energy decomposition analysis in combination with electronic structure analyses, we revealed that, beyond the resonance stabilization in free boron-halides, superior electrostatics in aluminum-halides results in the different reactivities, i.e., dimer formation for the latter species whereas substituent exchange for the former ones.
An innovative piezoelectric energy harvester inspired by a line tooth: design, dynamic model and broadband harvesting conditions
Authors: Ding Jiang , Deng Aiping , Zeng Ziyang , Su Hanfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvesting is commonly considered to be a promising field of development for microelectronic devices due to its potential to address a variety of key supply problems. However, due to their geometric designs, traditional piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) tend to only be able to cultivate energy from vibrations flowing in one direction. The results of PEHs only capable of harvesting mono-directional vibrations are that they suffer from narrow resonance frequency bands and low energy conversion efficiency. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a PEH inspired by a line tooth (PEH-ILT) with the ability to collect three-dimensional stochastic vibrations. To do so, the PEH-ILT possesses a nonlinear geometric shape which can, in theory, be designed arbitrarily. An example PEH-ILT is illustrated in this paper as well corresponding nonlinear piezoelectric constitutive equations. The cylindrical spiral curve is inspired by the line tooth design and is intended to replicate a nonlinear electro-mechanical model and its electrical output. Furthermore, the PEH-ILT is evaluated in this study by interacting with the four basic vibrations such devices are expected to encounter. In addition, the broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting conditions of the PEH-ILT are parsed and determined through the Melnikov theory, providing a theoretical explanation to the broadband conditions of the harvester. And this study can lay the theoretical basis for practical applications.
A novel multi-criteria group decision-making method based on Aczel–Alsina spherical fuzzy aggregation operators: Application to evaluation of solar energy cells
Authors: Naeem Muhammad , Ali Jawad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Keeping in view the significance of spherical fuzzy set (SFS), this research focuses on innovative multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) technique for coping with spherical fuzzy scenarios. To serve this purpose, we explore AczelAlsina spherical fuzzy operational laws and their desirable characteristics. Based on these new operational laws, we expound various aggregation operators, namely Aszel-Alsina spherical fuzzy weighted averaging (AASFWA) operator, AczelAlsina spherical fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (AASFOWA) operator, AczelAlsina spherical fuzzy hybrid averaging (AASFHA) operator, Aczel-Alsina spherical fuzzy weighted geometric (AASFWG) operator, AczelAlsina spherical fuzzy ordered weighted geometric (AASFOWG) operator, and AczelAlsina spherical fuzzy hybrid geometric (AASFHG) operator. Besides, some fundamental results of the newly devised aggregation operators are outlined and verified. In reliance on the propound operators, a step-wise MCGDM method is endowed, and then a case study is given to illustrate the practicality of the presented approach. Additionally, detailed parameter analysis and a systematic comparative study are carried out to verify the stability and validity of the explored works.
Investigation on the self-starting Mamyshev oscillator with low threshold
Authors: Guo Wei , Lu Sihua , He Qiurun , Zhang Baofu , Ma Shanchao , Jiao Zhongxing , Lai Tianshu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We have demonstrated a mode-locked Mamyshev oscillator based on a single-mode-fibre configuration with low threshold. The influences of spectral filters and the pump power on the output laser characteristics have been investigated. In the case with spectral-filter central wavelength far away from the peak of gain spectrum, the laser pulses have deviated slightly from similariton evolution with gain-shaping under high pump power. Moreover, self-starting mode-locking operation has been realized when the pump power was only 520 mW, which might benefit from the appropriate polarization conditions and small spectral filter separation. The laser can generate 1.89 nJ ultra-short pulses with 20 dB spectral width of 54.6 nm. The pulse duration can be compressed externally to 64.69 fs with the peak power of 21.3 kW.
Dead again: predictions of repeat tree die-off under hotter droughts confirm mortality thresholds for a dryland conifer species
Authors: Wion Andreas P , Breshears David D , Carroll Charles J W , Cobb Neil S , Hart Sarah J , Law Darin J , Meneses Nashelly , Redmond Miranda D 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Tree die-off, driven by extreme drought and exacerbated by a warming climate, is occurring rapidly across every wooded continent—threatening carbon sinks and other ecosystem services provided by forests and woodlands. Forecasting the spatial patterns of tree die-off in response to drought is a priority for the management and conservation of forested ecosystems under projected future hotter and drier climates. Several thresholds derived from drought-metrics have been proposed to predict mortality of Pinus edulis, a model tree species in many studies of drought-induced tree die-off. To improve future capacity to forecast tree mortality, we used a severe drought as a natural experiment. We compared the ability of existing mortality thresholds derived from four drought metrics (the Forest Drought Severity Index (FDSI), the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, and raw values of precipitation (PPT) and vapor pressure deficit, calculated using 4 km PRISM data) to predict areas of P. edulis die-off following an extreme drought in 2018 across the southwestern US. Using aerial detection surveys of tree mortality in combination with gridded climate data, we calculated the agreement between these four proposed thresholds and the presence and absence of regional-scale tree die-off using sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC). Overall, existing mortality thresholds tended to over predict the spatial extent of tree die-off across the landscape, yet some retain moderate skill in discriminating between areas that experienced and did not experience tree die-off. The simple PPT threshold had the highest AUC score (71%) as well as fair sensitivity and specificity, but the FDSI had the greatest sensitivity to die-off (85.9%). We highlight that empirically derived climate thresholds may be useful forecasting tools to identify vulnerable areas to drought induced die-off, allowing for targeted responses to future droughts and improved management of at-risk areas.
Challenge and Innovation on Formulation and Implementation Standard for Agricultural Based Product in new Normal toward Global Food Security
Authors: Prasetya B 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The agriculture and food sector has a strategic position for most countries in the world, including Indonesia. These sectors serve a variety of functions and deliver numerous economic, social, and environmental co-benefits. The most fundamental purpose of these sectors is to ensure food security, providing employment, supplying healthy and high-quality food, and facilitating business integration between small and medium enterprises. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various activities from production, processing, distribution, and consumption. To overcome this situation, a number of appropriate activities have been done and some appropriate plans in the middle-long term. In line with that, the opportunities to make an innovation are open based on the lesson learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes the opportunity for innovation and the role of standardization recovery of food security and food safety. Acceleration of formulation standard and its implementation. Key factors affected in the formulation of standards are identified with regard to the recent situation. Change in b business process for stakeholder service-related certification, accreditation, calibration in metrology was also reported. Moreover, the national system of standardization and conformity assessment in connection with the global platform was also discussed including the role of standardization World Trade Organization (WTO). The method used in this review is descriptive-analytic based on literature studies from several scientific journals, publications released by international organizations, associations, and government policy.
Enhancement of Quality and Milled Rice Yield Recovery Through The Improvement of Polishing Process and Configuration
Authors: Rachmat R , Rahayu E , Darniadi S , Hadipernata M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In general, small to medium scale rice mills in Indonesia produced low rice yield and relatively inefficient operational cost. The objective of study was to improve the performance of the rice milling unit (RMU) through revitalizing the process and milling configuration. The research was conducted in 2019 on medium-scale rice mills located in the Laboratory of Rice Quality and Cereal Postharvest (LRQCP), in Karawang. The research method was designed by empirical data analysis from the change of polishing methods from the abrasive-friction became the abrasive - abrasive polishing system, followed by tempering tank before entering into the third process with friction mist-polishing system. The observed parameters were physical rice quality, and performance of the milling process, included the economic analyses of Net B/C ratio. Physical analysis of paddy and milled rice quality was carried out at the LRQCP, in Karawang. The rice quality evaluation was conducted according to the Regulation of Agricultural Minister no.31, 2017. The research results showed after revitalization the rice recovery of Ciherang variety increased (0.72%) as well as Inpari 32 variety became 0.91% respectively. the milled rice appearances became cleaner and glossy. The economic analyses of Net B/C ratio matched the economic viability (> 1).