bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Report on Stoneman Syndrome
Authors: Patil Sakshi Janardhan , Meshram Khushbu , Kasturkar Pooja , Sakharwade Prerana , Khandar Jaya , Sakharkar Sheetal 
Published: February 2022

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive is a debilitating autosomal dominant disease characterized by postnatal progressive heterotopic which tissue that connects things together ossification and congenital deformities of the big toes. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva affects about one out of every two million newborns born world wide.
Almost ninetypercent of people with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva are misdiagnosed and treated wrongly, resulting in ineffective treatments. Approximately 700 cases have been identified so far around the world. Clinical examinations, radiographic evaluations, and ACVR1 gene mutation testing are all considered confirmatory approaches for early illness diagnosis.
Case Presentation: We're reporting on the case of a 45-year-old man who was admittedt in our facility.
He had clinical and radiological evidence of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressing, as well as multiple painful lumps on his back due to hard masses and rigidity of his shoulders, neck, and left hip.His left hip ossification was surgically removed, but he experienced an increased ossification reaction and early impairment as a result.
Conclusion: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive is an uncommon and severe illness that, if misdiagnosed, can result in inappropriate surgical intervention and early paralysis with disastrous consequences.
We need to educate clinicians and patients' families concerning the disease, as well as its symptoms for early detection and how to prevent flare-ups, in order to improve quality of life.
Tooth Loss Patterns in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Ravichandran Vigneshwaran , Jeevitha M. , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: February 2022

Aim: The aim of the study is to study the tooth loss pattern in patients with chronic periodontitis and hypertension.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Materials and Methods: The case sheet records (DIAS data) of tooth loss pattern in hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis were extracted. A total of 1318 case sheets were analysed for the study. Age, gender and tooth loss pattern with respect to the region were collected and statistically analysed. Descriptive statistics (Percentage, Mean, Standard deviation) and Inferential test (Chi- square test) were performed to determine the association between age, gender and tooth loss pattern in patients with chronic periodontitis and hypertension.
Results: The results showed that that females were affected more with tooth loss with hypertension with chronic periodontitis when compared to males. According to age, patients between 50 to 70 years with chronic periodontitis and hypertension were more affected by tooth loss (p value = 0.001 (p<0.05; Statistically significant)).
Conclusion: The present study highlighted a possible relationship between hypertension and tooth loss due to chronic periodontitis. Loss of mandibular posterior teeth were more common and females were more prone to tooth loss than males with hypertension due to chronic periodontitis. However, the underlying mechanism has to be further investigated in a different study design, thus more conclusive findings would be elucidated.
Psychological Problems in Geriatric-Age Group in Rural Area
Authors: Borode Aishwarya Sanjay , Sheikh Simran , Chakole Swarupa 
Published: February 2022

Background: The study focuses on the factors that affect psychological health, medical ailments, nutrition, family support to the elderly of the rural area in the Wardha district of Maharashtra and also the solutions of the same.
Aim: To assess psychological problems in the geriatric age group in rural area.
Objectives: To find out the occurrence of health problems, common psychological and physical stressors faced, and the percentage of old age people residing with family who feel neglected in rural areas.
Methodology: Cross sectional study with simple random sampling of 200 elderly above 60yrs of age residing in rural area of Wardha district from February 1, 2020 to March 1, 2020 with a preformed questionnaire.
Results: amongst the study sample, it was found that tobacco chewing (50%), anaemia (40%) and hypertension (46%) were found to be major physical stressors. While poor concentration (40%), sleep disturbances (50%) and family neglect (71%), increased health expenditure (82%), limitation in physical activity (48%), decrease in social life (68%) were common psychological stressors affecting the life of geriatric population.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the above study, there is an crucial need for the government to make action plans regarding old age pensions, proper nutrition and essential health facilities and sustaining the moral values which can make the younger generations feel more responsible towards the geriatric age group.
Anticancer Activity of Aegle Marmelos on Human Hepg2 Cells by Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases Expression
Authors: Sushmitha V. , Sridevi G. , Selvaraj J. , Preetha S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Aegle marmelos belong to the family rutaceae. It is commonly known as Bael. It is used in traditional medicine, as it has antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antiviral, radio-protective, anticancer, chemo-preventive properties which are of great medicinal use. Liver cancer is the 5th most common type of cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common form, which originates from the liver. Aegle marmelos is said to inhibit the proliferative action of cancer cells.
Objective: To investigate the role of Aegle marmelos against human liver cancer cells (HEP G2 cell line) by inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinases which is responsible for spread of cancer.
Materials and methods: HEP G2 cell lines were procured from NCCS (National center for cell sciences) Pune, India. It was cultured and viability of the cells before and after adding the extract was analysed using the MTT assay. mRNA amplification was done using real time PCR. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and dunken’s multiple test. Corresponding graphs are also plotted.
Results: The viability of the cells decreased from 100% to 50%. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased after the addition of the extract.
Conclusion: From this study we can conclude that Aegle marmelos, a novel innovative anticancer drug inhibited the proliferative action of liver cancer cells by reducing the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 and possesses anti-cancer activity.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinoxalines and 3‐Arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones via Aryldiazonium Salts
Authors: Liu Fu , Chen Li‐Ning , Chen Ai‐Min , Ye Zhi‐Peng , Wang Zhi‐Wei , Liu Zhi‐Lin , He Xian‐Chen , Li Shu‐Hui , Xia Peng‐Ju 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA green synthesis strategy of 2‐arylquinoxalines and 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones via ball milling, which could avoid copious solvent waste, was accomplished in this work. Aryl radicals were produced from aryldiazonium salts by using a solvent‐free or catalyst‐free single electron transfer process induced by mechanical force, affording a series of 2‐arylquinoxalines and 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones with 28%–85 yield.magnified image
Buried pipeline installation impacts on soil structure and crop root decomposition
Authors: Ebrahimi Elnaz , Tekeste Mehari Z. , Horton Robert , Hanna H. Mark 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe severe manipulation of soil that occurs in the right‐of‐way (ROW) easement areas for pipeline installation leads to soil degradation and yield loss. The objectives of this study were to investigate the use of the Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure method (VESS) and root litter sampling as alternative ways to characterize pipeline installation impacts on soil degradation. Digital images of aggregate specimens and root samples were obtained from disturbed (trenched and highly trafficked ROW areas) and undisturbed (adjacent to the ROW) soil profiles one month after maize (Zea mays L.) harvest in Iowa. Images of soil aggregates indicated that pipeline installation deteriorated soil structure. Root attributes were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the ROW activities. The non‐decomposed root mass in the highly trafficked area (3,568 kg ha–1) was two times greater than the root mass in undisturbed soil (1,779 kg ha–1). These data provide evidence that soil structure quality and root decomposition rates are affected by soil disturbance. The VESS and root measurements can be used in future studies to evaluate the impacts of soil disturbance.
Food security implications for low‐ and middle‐income countries under agricultural input reduction: The case of the European Union's farm to fork and biodiversity strategies
Authors: Baquedano Felix , Jelliffe Jeremy , Beckman Jayson , Ivanic Maros , Zereyesus Yacob , Johnson Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolicies that restrict the use of agricultural inputs have been shown to reduce output, farmers' incomes, and increase food prices, which could ultimately lead to more food insecurity. In this paper, we consider the EU Farm to Fork Strategy's proposed reductions of agricultural inputs on food security in 77 low‐ and middle‐income countries under two implementation scenarios: EU‐only and Global. Our findings indicate that compared with the status quo, each scenario results in a net increase in food insecurity, which ranges from 30 million (EU‐only) to 171 million (Global) by 2030.
Inequality aversion and consumer ethnocentrism: Food consumer preferences for payoff distributions to farm producers
Authors: Grashuis Jasper , Su Ye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are few empirical explanations for consumer preferences for payoff distributions across the agri‐food value chain in terms of psychographic characteristics. In the context of product origin, we contribute to the literature with an incentivized experiment to estimate preferences for payoff distributions among Missouri beef consumers, Missouri beef producers, and non‐Missouri beef producers on the basis of inequality aversion and consumer ethnocentrism. According to the results, Missouri beef consumers not only have self‐regarding preferences but also other‐regarding preferences in case of payoff distributions, in particular toward Missouri beef producers. We explain such preferences from the perspective of consumer ethnocentrism. Specifically, Missouri beef consumers who have a higher degree of state‐level ethnocentrism also have a higher degree of aversion to inequalities among themselves and Missouri beef producers. Although few food consumers appear to be highly ethnocentric, there may exist potential to segment on the basis of state‐level ethnocentrism. Other implications and research directions are also discussed.
Sulfur infiltration and allotrope formation in porous cathode hosts for lithium‐sulfur batteries
Authors: Grabe Sean , Baboo Joseph Paul , Tennison Stephen , Zhang Teng , Lekakou Constantina , Andritsos Eleftherios I. , Cai Qiong , Downes Stephen , Hinder Stephen , Watts John F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigate sulfur infiltration and formation of lower order allotropes in heated porous hosts during fabrication of lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) battery cathodes. Sulfur existence in cathode ultramicropores has been an important question for Li‐S batteries, as ultramicropores reduce the polysulfides “shuttle effect” but also delay sulfur dissolution and Li+ ion diffusion in the trapped solid sulfur. A novel continuum‐level model is presented including heat transfer and sulfur infiltration, either from the top of a porous host or from the porous host particle surface, and taking into account the pore size distribution. A novel decay factor in modeling sulfur infiltration incorporates the pore wall repulsion energy and allotrope formation energy (predicted by density functional theory [DFT] simulations). Simulations are performed for a microporous carbon fabric host and an activated carbon powder host with bimodal micropore and macropore size distribution, with Raman and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) spectroscopy confirming the predicted existence of linear S6 and S4 in ultramicropores.
Orangutan strategies for solving a visuospatial memory task
Authors: Martin Christopher F. , Shumaker Robert W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe popular game known as Concentration (also commonly referred to as Memory), in which players search for matching pairs among a grid of face‐down cards, provides a robust platform for examining visuospatial memory in a simple and nonverbal way. Five orangutans (Pongossp.) at the Indianapolis Zoo were given a modified version of the Concentration Game in which three cards were shown face‐down on a computer screen, two of which matched each other while the third was a foil. Subjects overturned two cards at a time by touching them, with trials terminating in a food reward if the overturned cards matched, or reverting to their face‐down position if they did not. A constraint was experimentally imposed on the game whereby the first two cards touched would never match, resulting in an optimal strategy composed of touching the first two cards, followed by the third, followed by the card among the first two cards that matched the third. We aimed to measure the extent to which orangutans would memorize and utilize visuospatial cues to solve the task in the optimal manner. Findings showed that three of five subjects utilized an optimal strategy more often than would be expected by chance, but also over utilized specific patterns of choices instead of adjusting their strategies to minimize the overall number of card flips. Visuospatial recall played a role in several of the participants’ strategies for completing the task, but not to an extent that was necessary to achieve optimal gameplay.
Ein sich umstrukturierender [4Fe‐3S‐nO]‐Cluster in einem Kohlenmonoxid‐Dehydrogenase‐Gerüst
Authors: Jeoung Jae‐Hun , Fesseler Jochen , Domnik Lilith , Klemke Friederike , Sinnreich Malte , Teutloff Christian , Dobbek Holger 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNi,Fe‐haltige Kohlenmonoxid‐Dehydrogenasen (CODHs) katalysieren die reversible Reduktion von CO2 zu CO. Mehrere anaerobe Mikroorganismen enthalten mehrere CODHs in ihrem Genom, von denen einigen, obwohl sie als CODHs annotiert sind, ein Cystein des kanonischen Bindungsmotivs für den Ni,Fe‐Cluster im aktiven Zentrum fehlt. Hier berichten wir über die Struktur und Reaktivität eines solchen abweichenden Enzyms, das als CooS‐VCh bezeichnet wird. Seine Struktur weist das typische CODH‐Gerüst auf, enthält aber einen Eisen‐Schwefel‐Oxo‐Hybrid‐Cluster. Obwohl es eng mit den echten CODHs verwandt ist, katalysiert CooS‐VCh weder die CO‐Oxidation noch die CO2‐Reduktion. Das aktive Zentrum der CooS‐VCh durchläuft eine redoxabhängige Umstrukturierung zwischen einem reduzierten [4Fe‐3S]‐Cluster und einem oxidierten [4Fe‐2S‐S*‐2O‐2(H2O)]‐Cluster. Hydroxylamin, ein langsam reagierendes Substrat von CooS‐VCh, oxidiert den Hybrid‐Cluster in zwei strukturell unterscheidbaren Schritten. Insgesamt reichen geringfügige Änderungen in CODHs aus, um einen Fe/S/O‐Cluster anstelle des Ni,Fe‐Heterokuban‐Clusters der CODHs unterzubringen.
Light‐Powered Ion Pumping in a Cation‐Selective Conducting Polymer Membrane
Authors: Nie Xiaoyan , Hu Ziying , Xiao Tianliang , Li Li , Jin Jiao , Liu Kesong , Liu Zhaoyue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe simulation of the ion pumping against a proton gradient energized by light in photosynthesis is of significant importance for the energy conversion in a non‐biological environment. Herein, we report light‐powered ion pumping in a polystyrene sulfonate anion (PSS) doped polypyrrole (PPy) conducting polymer membrane (PSS‐PPy) with a symmetric geometry. This PSS‐PPy conducting polymer membrane exhibits a cationic selectivity and a light‐responsive surface‐charge‐governed ion transport attributed to the negatively charged PSS groups. An asymmetric visible irradiation on one side of the PSS‐PPy membrane induces a built‐in electric field across the membrane due to the intrinsic photoelectronic property of PPy, which drives the cationic transport against the concentration gradient, demonstrating an ion‐pumping effect. This work is a prototype that uses a geometry‐symmetric conducting polymer membrane as a light‐powered artificial ion pump for active ion transport, which exhibits potential applications in nanofluidic energy conversion.
A Morphing [4Fe‐3S‐nO]‐Cluster within a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Scaffold
Authors: Jeoung Jae‐Hun , Fesseler Jochen , Domnik Lilith , Klemke Friederike , Sinnreich Malte , Teutloff Christian , Dobbek Holger 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNi,Fe‐containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenases (CODHs) catalyze the reversible reduction of CO2 to CO. Several anaerobic microorganisms encode multiple CODHs in their genome, of which some, despite being annotated as CODHs, lack a cysteine of the canonical binding motif for the active site Ni,Fe‐cluster. Here, we report on the structure and reactivity of such a deviant enzyme, termed CooS‐VCh. Its structure reveals the typical CODH scaffold, but contains an iron‐sulfur‐oxo hybrid‐cluster. Although closely related to true CODHs, CooS‐VCh catalyzes neither CO oxidation, nor CO2 reduction. The active site of CooS‐VCh undergoes a redox‐dependent restructuring between a reduced [4Fe‐3S]‐cluster and an oxidized [4Fe‐2S‐S*‐2O‐2(H2O)]‐cluster. Hydroxylamine, a slow‐turnover substrate of CooS‐VCh, oxidizes the hybrid‐cluster in two structurally distinct steps. Overall, minor changes in CODHs are sufficient to accommodate a Fe/S/O‐cluster in place of the Ni,Fe‐heterocubane‐cluster of CODHs.
Super‐Robust Xanthine–Sodium Complexes on Au(111)
Authors: Chen Chong , Ding Pengcheng C. , Li Zhuo , Shi Guoqiang Q. , Sun Ye , Kantorovich Lev N. , Besenbacher Flemming , Yu Miao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA widely accepted theory is that life originated from the hydrothermal environment in the primordial ocean. Nevertheless, the low desorption temperature from inorganic substrates and the fragileness of hydrogen‐bonded nucleobases do not support the required thermal stability in such an environment. Herein, we report the super‐robust complexes of xanthine, one of the precursors for the primitive nucleic acids, with Na. We demonstrate that the well‐defined xanthine–Na complexes can only form when the temperature is ≥430 K, and the complexes keep adsorbed even at ≈720 K, presenting as the most thermally stable organic polymer ever reported on Au(111). This work not only justifies the necessity of high‐temperature, Na‐rich environment for the prebiotic biosynthesis but also reveals the robustness of the xanthine–Na complexes upon the harsh environment. Moreover, the complexes can induce significant electron transfer with the metal as inert as Au and hence lift the Au atoms up.
Cytotoxicity of piano‐stool ruthenium cyclopentadienyl complexes bearing different imidato ligands
Authors: Juszczak Michał , Kluska Magdalena , Kosińska Aneta , Palusiak Marcin , Rybarczyk‐Pirek Agnieszka J. , Wzgarda‐Raj Kinga , Rudolf Bogna , Woźniak Katarzyna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn these studies, we investigated a cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of four ruthenium cyclopentadienyl complexes bearing different imidato ligands: (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)Ru (CO)2(η1‐N‐maleimidato) (1), (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)Ru (CO)2‐N‐methoxysuccinimidato (2), (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)Ru (CO)2‐N‐ethoxysuccinimidato (3), and (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)Ru (CO)2‐N‐phthalimidato (4). We used two types of cells—normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and leukemic HL‐60 cells. We observed that complex 1 was highly cytotoxic and genotoxic, both for normal and cancer cells at concentrations from 0.5 to 250 μM. Interestingly, complex 1 was 10 times more cytotoxic to HL‐60 cells compared with PBMCs. Complexes 2–4 were cytotoxic only for HL‐60 cells at the highest used concentrations. Furthermore, we observed an increase in the viability of PBMCs after incubation with succinimide complexes 2 and 3. We also showed that complex 1 arrested cell cycle in the sub‐G1 phase and induced apoptosis. We found that different properties of studied ruthenium complexes depend significantly on the type of imide ligand bind to the ruthenium atom. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation of maleimide and succinimide revealed some significant differences of these compounds that would be related to biological activity. Our results indicate that ruthenium complex 1 should be further investigated in detail for its anticancer properties.
Superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression of poly (vinyl chloride) composites with iron/tin‐doped bismuth oxychloride
Authors: Shi Huili , Li Zhiwei , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDoping is a simple and effective method to change material properties. In this work, in order to improve the flame retardant performance of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanosheets in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), for the first time, iron and tin ions were doped into BiOCl (Fe‐BiOCl and Sn‐BiOCl) via a doping approach, respectively. X‐ray diffraction and morphology characterization confirmed that the Fe and Sn ions were doped into the BiOCl lattices, respectively. After doping, PVC composites obtained superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression. With the adding amount of 3 wt% Fe‐BiOCl and Sn‐BiOCl, the UL‐94 test rating of the PVC composites reached V‐0, and the peak of heat release rate reduced by 38% and 34%, total smoke production decreased by 55% and 42%, respectively, compared to neat PVC. Thermogravimetric and Thermogravimetric‐Fourier Transform Infrared results showed that Fe or Sn doping could further reduce organic volatiles in the gas‐phase and improve char residual in the condensed phase, both of which contribute to reducing fire hazards. Tensile properties and tensile modulus of PVC composites increased. In short, it is an economically effective approach targeting to improve the comprehensive properties of PVC through doping Fe or Sn into BiOCl.
A Compilation of Synthetic Strategies to Access the Most Utilized Indoloquinoline Motifs
Authors: Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Tummatorn Jumreang , Ruchirawat Somsak 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndoloquinoline alkaloids constitute an important class of aromatic heterocycles consisting of quinoline and indole fused together in various orientations. These compounds, both natural and synthetic, often display various bioactivities which have established them to be one of the interesting medicinal targets. This class of compounds have stimulated much interest among synthetic and medicinal chemists as evidenced by growth in the number of synthetic methods to prepare and study this class of alkaloids. This review compiles the synthetic strategies and methods currently known in the literature for the construction of four important indoloquinoline skeletons.