bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upaya Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Edukasi dan Pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah pada Sasaran Kunci di Desa
Authors: Siampa Imanuelle Tamara Audrey , Hasan Wahyuni , Aulia Farikha , Saputri Eka Ernalifia , Rustam Sitti Nailah , Fuad Mohammad , Ikhsan Muh. , Syam Aminuddin , Asrianti Tanti , Rachmat Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

As one of the locus of stunting prevention in Takalar Regency, Bontokassi Village has 20 stunted children in February 2021 with 16 stunted categories and 4 severe stunted categories. Physical and non-physical interventions are carried out to prevent stunting, such as distributing booklets of six healthy behaviors, distributing IFA supplements (TTD), and nutritional counseling. This activity aimed to increase knowledge and awareness of pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers about stunting, and increase the coverage of iron supplement intake for pregnant women and adolescent girls. The results of the counseling showed that 21.7% of participants experienced an increase in knowledge after the intervention. A total of 21 targets received iron supplements, consisting of three pregnant women and 18 young women. Each target is given four TTD to drink once a week. This intervention activity needs to be carried out on an ongoing basis by Puskesmas officers assisted by Posyandu cadres in order to overcome the stunting problem in this area.

ABSTRAK
Sebagai salah satu lokus pencegahan stunting di Kabupaten Takalar, Desa Bontokassi memiliki 20 balita stunting pada Februari 2021 dengan kategori pendek sebanyak 16 balita dan empat kategori sangat pendek. Intervensi fisik dan non fisik dilakukan untuk mencegah stunting, seperti membagikan booklet enam perilaku sehat, membagikan suplemen tablet tambah darah (TTD), dan penyuluhan gizi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui tentang stunting, dan meningkatkan cakupan asupan suplemen TTD pada ibu hamil dan remaja putri. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan bahwa 21,7% partisipan mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan setelah intervensi. Sebanyak 21 sasaran mendapatkan suplemen TTD, terdiri dari tiga ibu hamil dan 18 remaja putri. Setiap sasaran diberikan empat TTD untuk diminum satu kali dalam sepekan. Kegiatan intervensi ini perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan oleh petugas Puskesmas dibantu oleh kader Posyandu dalam rangka mengatasi masalah stunting di daerah ini.
Genetic and Genomic Characterization of a New Beef Cattle Composite Breed (Purunã) Developed for Production in Pasture-Based Systems
Authors: Mulim Henrique Alberto , Brito Luiz F. , Batista Pinto Luís Fernando , Moletta José Luis , Da Silva Lilian Regina , Pedrosa Victor Breno 
Published: July 2022

Purunã is a composite beef cattle breed, developed in Southern Brazil by crossing the Angus, Charolais, Canchim, and Caracu breeds. The goal of this study was to perform the first genetic characterization of the Purunã breed, based on both pedigree and genomic information. For this, 100 randomly selected animals were genotyped, and 11,205 animals born from 1997 to 2019 had pedigree information. The genetic analyses performed were principal component analysis, admixture, phylogenic tree, pedigree and genomic inbreeding, linkage disequilibrium (LD), effective population size (Ne), consistency of the gametic phase, runs of homozygosity (ROH), heterozygosity-enriched regions (HERs), and functional analyses of the ROH and HER regions identified. Our findings indicate that Purunã is more genetically related to the Charolais, Canchim, and Angus breeds than Caracu or Nellore. The levels of inbreeding were shown to be small based on all the metrics evaluated and ranged from −0.009 to 0.029. A low (−0.12–0.31) correlation of the pedigree-based inbreeding compared to all the genomic inbreeding coefficients evaluated was observed. The LD average was 0.031 (±0.0517), and the consistency of the gametic phase was shown to be low for all the breed pairs, ranging from 0.42 to 0.27 to the distance of 20 Mb. The Ne values based on pedigree and genomic information were 158 and 115, respectively. A total of 1,839 ROHs were found, and the majority of them are of small length (&lt;4 Mb). An important homozygous region was identified on BTA5 with pathways related to behavioral traits (sensory perception, detection of stimulus, and others), as well as candidate genes related to heat tolerance (MY O 1A), feed conversion rate (RDH5), and reproduction (AMDHD1). A total of 1,799 HERs were identified in the Purunã breed with 92.3% of them classified within the 0.5–1 Mb length group, and 19 HER islands were identified in the autosomal genome. These HER islands harbor genes involved in growth pathways, carcass weight (SDCBP), meat and carcass quality (MT2A), and marbling deposition (CISH). Despite the genetic relationship between Purunã and the founder breeds, a multi-breed genomic evaluation is likely not feasible due to their population structure and low consistency of the gametic phase among them.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hub Genes Regulating Autophagy in Patients With Severe COVID-19
Authors: Huang Jinfeng , Wang Yimeng , Zha Yawen , Zeng Xin , Li Wenxing , Zhou Meijuan 
Published: July 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has currently developed into a worldwide threat to humankind. Importantly, patients with severe COVID-19 are believed to have a higher mortality risk than those with mild conditions. However, despite the urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies, the biological features and pathogenic mechanisms of severe COVID-19 are poorly understood.Methods: Here, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from four patients with severe COVID-19, four patients with mild COVID-19, and four healthy controls were examined by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). We conducted gene expression analysis and Venn diagrams to detect specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with severe disease compared with those with mild conditions. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to identify the significant biological processes, and protein–protein interaction networks were constructed to extract hub genes. These hub genes were then subjected to regulatory signatures and protein–chemical interaction analysis for certain regulatory checkpoints and identification of potent chemical agents. Finally, to demonstrate the cell type-specific expression of these genes, we performed single-cell RNA-Seq analyses using an online platform.Results: A total of 144 DEGs were specifically expressed in severe COVID-19, and GO enrichment analysis revealed a significant association of these specific DEGs with autophagy. Hub genes such as MVB12A, CHMP6, STAM, and VPS37B were then found to be most significantly involved in the biological processes of autophagy at the transcriptome level. In addition, six transcription factors, including SRF, YY1, CREB1, PPARG, NFIC, and GATA2, as well as miRNAs, namely, hsa-mir-1-3p, and potent chemical agents such as copper sulfate and cobalt chloride, may cooperate in regulating the autophagy hub genes. Furthermore, classical monocytes may play a central role in severe COVID-19.Conclusion: We suggest that autophagy plays a crucial role in severe COVID-19. This study might facilitate a more profound knowledge of the biological characteristics and progression of COVID-19 and the development of novel therapeutic approaches to achieve a breakthrough in the current COVID-19 pandemic.
ER Stress–Related Genes EIF2AK3, HSPA5, and DDIT3 Polymorphisms are Associated With Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Yongshi , Liang Xiaohua , Zhang Hongpei , Dong Jiajia , Zhang Yan , Wang Juan , Li Chunmei , Xin Xiangbing , Li Yan 
Published: July 2022

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the associations between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–related genesEIF2AK3/PERK,HSPA5/GRP78, andDDIT3/CHOP polymorphisms and the risk of lung cancer.Methods:Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ofEIF2AK3,HSPA5, andDDIT3were genotyped in 620 cases and 620 controls using a MassARRAY platform.Results:The minor allele A of rs6750998 was a protective allele against the risk of lung cancer (p&lt; 0.001), while the minor alleles of rs867529, rs391957, and rs697221 were all risk alleles that may lead to multiplied risk of the disease (rprs867529= 0.002;prs391957= 0.015;prs697221&lt; 0.001). Moreover, the rs6750998-TA/AA genotypes were protective genotypes against the risk of lung cancer (p= 0.005); however, the rs867529-GC/CC, rs391957-CC, and rs697221-GA/AA genotypes were associated with elevated lung cancer risk (prs867529= 0.003,prs391957= 0.028, andprs697221= 0.0001). In addition,EIF2AK3-rs6750998 was associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer under dominant, recessive, and log-additive models (p&lt; 0.05). By contrast, theEIF2AK3-rs867529 was correlated with an increased risk of the disease under dominant and log-additive models (p= 0.001). Moreover,HSPA5-rs391957 was related to an elevated risk of the disease under recessive and log-additive models (p&lt; 0.02).DDIT3-rs697221 was identified to have a significant association with the risk of lung cancer under all three genetic models (p&lt; 0.01).Conclusion:Our results provide new insights on the role of the ER stress–related genesEIF2AK3,HSPA5, andDDIT3polymorphisms for lung cancer risk.
Characterization of the early cellular immune response induced by HPV vaccines
Authors: Pasmans Hella , Berkowska Magdalena A. , Diks Annieck M. , de Mooij Bas , Groenland Rick J. , de Rond Lia , Nicolaie M. Alina , van der Burg Sjoerd H. , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , van der Klis Fiona R. M. , Buisman Anne-Marie 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionCurrent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines consist of virus-like particles (VLPs) which are based on the L1 protein, but they are produced by different expression systems and use different adjuvants. We performed in-depth immunophenotyping of multiple innate and adaptive immune cells after vaccination with bivalent versus nonavalent HPV vaccines.MethodTwenty pre-menopausal HPV-seronegative women were enrolled and randomized to receive three-doses of either the bivalent or the nonavalent HPV vaccine. Blood samples were collected at multiple time points from baseline up to 7 months after first vaccination. Four extensive EuroFlow flow cytometry antibody panels were used to monitor various immune cell subsets. Additionally, HPV-specific memory B- and T cells were determined by ELISPOT and HPV-specific antibody levels were measured by a VLP-based multiplex immunoassay.ResultsIn both cohorts, the numbers of plasma cells expanded in the first week after both primary and tertiary vaccination. HPV16 and HPV18-specific antibody levels and memory B and T-cell responses were higher in the bivalent than in the nonavalent vaccinees one month post third vaccination. For HPV31 and HPV45-specific antibody levels this pattern was reversed. Monocytes showed an expansion one day after vaccination in both cohorts but were significantly higher in the bivalent vaccine cohort. Large heterogeneity in responses of the other cell subsets was observed between donors.ConclusionThis pilot study showed a consistent response of monocytes and plasma cells after vaccination and a considerable variation in other circulating immune cells in both types of HPV vaccines between donors.
Systematic analysis of expression profiles of HMGB family members for prognostic application in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Xuefeng , Wang Xu , He Yunduan , Ge Hong 
Published: July 2022

Background: Lung cancer is a significant challenge to human health. Members of the high mobility group (HMG) superfamily (HMGB proteins) are implicated in a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, but the expression and prognostic value of HMGB family members in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been elucidated.Methods: In this study, ONCOMINE, UALCAN, GEPIA, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, starBase, OncomiR databases, and GeneMANIA were utilized to evaluate the prognostic significance of HMGB family members in NSCLC.Results: HMGB2/3 expression levels were higher in NSCLC patients. HMGB1 expression was higher in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and was lower in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissue than in normal lung tissue. HMGB2 expression was related to cancer stage. Increased HMGB1 mRNA expression levels were associated with improved lung cancer prognosis, including overall survival (OS), first-progression survival (FP), and post-progression survival (PPS). There was no significant association between HMGB2 levels and prognostic indicators. HMGB3 expression was associated with poorer OS. GeneMANIA and GO/KEGG pathway analysis showed that HMGB family members mainly associated with chromosome condensation, regulation of chromatin organization, and nucleosome binding in NSCLC. HMGBs expression were closely correlated with infiltrating levels of specific types of immune cells in NSCLC, especially Th2 cells, Th17 cells, and mast cells. hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-374a-3p, and hsa-miR-93-5p were significantly positively correlated with HMGB1, HMGB2, and HMGB3, respectively. However, hsa-miR-30a-5p was predicted to significantly negatively regulate HMGB3 expression.Conclusion: Our study revealed that HMGB1 is positively related to the improved prognosis in NSCLC, and demonstrate that HMGB3 might be a risk factor for poorer survival of NSCLC patients.
Autoimmune Diseases in Patients With Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2
Authors: Peric Stojan , Zlatar Jelena , Nikolic Luka , Ivanovic Vukan , Pesovic Jovan , Petrovic Djordjevic Ivana , Sreckovic Svetlana , Savic-Pavicevic Dusanka , Meola Giovanni , Rakocevic-Stojanovic Vidosava 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionMyotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a rare autosomal dominant multisystemic disease with highly variable clinical presentation. Several case reports and one cohort study suggested a significant association between DM2 and autoimmune diseases (AIDs).AimThe aim of this study is to analyze the frequency and type of AIDs in patients with DM2 from the Serbian DM registry.Patients and MethodsA total of 131 patients with DM2 from 108 families were included, [62.6% women, mean age at DM2 onset 40.4 (with standard deviation 13) years, age at entering the registry 52 (12.8) years, and age at analysis 58.4 (12.8) years]. Data were obtained from Akhenaten, the Serbian registry for DM, and through the hospital electronic data system.ResultsUpon entering the registry, 35 (26.7%) of the 131 patients with DM2 had AIDs including Hashimoto thyroiditis (18.1%), rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, systemic lupus, Sjogren's disease, localized scleroderma, psoriasis, celiac disease, Graves's disease, neuromyelitis optica, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome. At the time of data analysis, one additional patient developed new AIDs, so eventually, 36 (28.8%) of 125 DM2 survivors had AIDs. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) were found in 14 (10.7%) of 63 tested patients, including 12 without defined corresponding AID (all in low titers, 1:40 to 1:160). Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) were negative in all 50 tested cases. The percentage of women was significantly higher among patients with AIDs (82.9% vs. 55.2%, p &lt;0.01).ConclusionAIDs were present in as high as 30% of the patients with DM2. Thus, screening for AIDs in DM2 seems reasonable. Presence of AIDs and/or ANAs may lead to under-diagnosis of DM2.
Hyponatremia Is Associated With Post-thrombolysis Hemorrhagic Transformation and Poor Clinical Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: He Ling , Guo Zhen-Ni , Qu Yang , Jin Hang 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveHyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder encountered in patients with neurological conditions, such as stroke. Studies have shown that it is associated with worse clinical outcomes and increased mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the role of hyponatremia has not been elucidated in patients with AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of serum sodium levels on the clinical outcome and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with AIS who received thrombolytic therapy.MethodsPatients diagnosed with AIS who received IVT therapy between May 2015 and December 2020 were included in this study. All patients were screened for serum sodium levels immediately after hospital admission, before IVT therapy. The occurrence of HT was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) 24 ± 2 h after thrombolysis. Then, 3-month clinical outcomes were obtained by telephone calls or outpatient visits, and poor 3-month clinical outcomes were defined as modified Rankin Scale scores ≥3. The effects of serum sodium levels on the clinical outcome and HT were assessed using the multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the 963 included patients, 82 (8.5%) had hyponatremia, 157 (16.3%) developed HT, and 333 (34.6%) had poor 3-month outcomes. Of the 82 patients with hyponatremia, 21 (25.6%) developed HT, and 39 (47.6%) had poor 3-month outcomes. Patients with hyponatremia had a higher incidence of post-thrombolysis HT (25.6 vs. 15.4%, p = 0.017) and worse clinical outcome (47.6 vs. 33.4%, p = 0.01) than those with normal serum sodium levels. Patients had significantly lower serum sodium levels in those with HT [138.4 (136.4–140.3, IQR) vs. 139.0 (137.2–140.7, IQR) mmol/L, p = 0.019] and poor 3 month outcome [139.0 (137.2–140.7) vs. 138.4 (136.7–140.3) mmol/L, p = 0.005] than those without. After adjusting for major covariates, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lower serum sodium levels were independently associated with an increased risk of HT [odds ratio (OR) = 1.804; 95% CI: 1.048–3.105] and poor 3-month outcome (OR = 1.647; 95% CI: 1.012–2.679).ConclusionLower serum sodium level was an independent risk factor for post-thrombolysis HT and poor clinical outcome in patients with AIS who received thrombolytic therapy.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Pathological Intussusceptions in Children Prior to Surgical Intervention
Authors: Ting Xu , Xufei Duan , Jiangbin Liu , Weijue Xu , Zhibao Lv , Guogang Ye 
Published: July 2022

PurposeEstablish and validate a nomogram to help predict the preoperative risk of a pathological intussusception.MethodsA primary cohort of patients who underwent surgery for an intussusception were enrolled from one center, while a validation cohort consisted of patients from another center. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the variables to build the nomogram. A calibration curve accompanied by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the calibration of the nomogram. To quantify the discrimination of the nomogram, Harrell’s C-index was calculated. The performance of the validated nomogram was tested in the external validation cohort. The logistic regression formulae created during the analysis of the primary cohort was applied to all patients in the external validation cohort, and the total points for each patient were calculated.ResultsThe primary cohort consisted of 368 patients and the validation cohort included 74. The LASSO logistic algorithm identified three (recurrence episodes, mass size, and infection history) out of 11 potential clinical variables as significantly predictive of a pathologic intussusception. The C-index for the predictive nomogram was 0.922 (95% CI, 0.885–0.959) for the primary cohort and 0.886 (95% CI, 0.809–0.962) for the validation cohort. The decision curve showed that if the threshold probability of a patient in the validation cohort was &gt; 7%, then the nomogram was more beneficial than either indiscriminately treating all or none of the patients.ConclusionWe developed a nomogram based on clinical risk factors that could be used to individually predict pathological intussusceptions in children prior to surgical intervention.
Deltamethrin Contact Exposure Mediated Toxicity and Histopathological Aberrations in Tissue Systems of Public Health Importance Cockroach Species Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica
Authors: Dhiman Sunil , Yadav Kavita , Acharya B. N. , Nagar D. P. , Rao Ghorpade Rama 
Published: July 2022

Cockroach speciesPeriplaneta americanaandBlattella germanicapotentially survive in locations close to human activity. Besides spoiling food material, cockroaches also transfer pathogens of different diseases among human beings. Since the insecticides have been used extensively to control cockroaches, information on their insecticide susceptibility and toxicity at the cellular level may be crucial. In the study, deltamethrin toxicity as well as the deltamethrin-mediated cytomorphological changes in the brain, ovary and midgut of the two important cockroach species have been assessed. Different concentrations [0.00025% (0.0025 mg/ml), 0.0025% (0.025 mg/ml), 0.025% (0.25 mg/ml), 0.25% (2.5 mg/ml), 0.5% (5 mg/ml), 1% (10 mg/ml)] of deltamethrin in acetone were used to expose test species in WHO bottle assay. Knockdown was recorded after 5 min interval while delayed mortality was observed after 24 h. Brain, ovary and gut were dissected post 1 h exposure and 24 h holding (for 0.25, 0.5 and 1% concentration), and tissues were processed for microscopic analysis. Deltamethrin exposed cockroaches and dissected tissues were used to estimate deltamethrin using HPLC. At 0.00025% (lowest concentration), the percentage knock-down observed was 66.7% forP. americanaand 80%B. germanicarespectively (R2= 0.78;p= 0.0001) in 1 h. KDT50value was found to be 8.7 min (95% CI: 7.3–10.2), while KDT99was 20.7 min (95% CI: 16.0–35.7) inP. americanaat 1% concentration. Whereas, the KDT50and KDT99values forB. germanicawere 7.4 min (95% CI: 5.4–9.1) and 27.4 min (95% CI: 18.2–80.0) at a similar concentration. LD50and LD95values (for 60 min standard exposure) were 0.0006% (95% CI: 0.00–0.001) and 0.034% (95% CI: 0.013–0.49) respectively forP. americana, while these values were 0.0005 (95% CI: 0.00–0.001) and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01–0.23) forB. germanica.Exposure to 1% deltamethrin induced a considerable toxic effect in the epithelial cells in the midgut. HPLC estimated 0.21 ± 0.05 mg (95% CI: 0.18–0.25; CoV 23.9%) deltamethrin inP. americanapost 1% exposure. Even short term exposure to a low concentration of synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin displayed immediate knockdown and delayed mortality in both the test species. Considerable histological damage was observed in both the insects at 1% exposure. In India, resistance to deltamethrin may have been reported among different insects due to its extensive use. However, the formulations such as insecticide paints, attractant baits etc. developed using deltamethrin as an active ingredient could be useful in cockroach control operations.