bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Power of Narratives and Storytelling
Authors: Wallace Cara L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Our culture has a rich history of storytelling, though often stories are greatly shaped through dominant culture and power. Narrative interventions allow individuals to reclaim power and find meaning through the examination of their stories using a variety of techniques and practices. Storytelling is also deeply connected to the core values of social work practice and the rich tradition in understanding the world through an ecological framework and finding dignity and worth in all people. This chapter explores the use of stories and narratives in palliative and end-of-life care, a growing practice, offering social workers a basic understanding of various methodologies and techniques, existing evidence for interventions, and suggestions for moving forward in research and practice.
Single-Session and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
Authors: Sinha Kasey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Palliative social workers often work with patients and families for limited amounts of time, including single sessions, and solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) can be an effective intervention with patients experiencing serious illness. SFBT centers on a person’s strengths and coping strategies, and social workers can join with patients and families in eliciting solutions to meet goals. This chapter reviews the history of SFBT, identifies its core principles and tools, and provides direction for incorporating SFBT into palliative social work practice with examples of implementation. Social workers can use their discretion and clinical judgment to modify SFBT for patients with serious illness and their families. An overview of the research is presented with a call for further research on the role of SFBT in palliative care, specifically with persons of color and marginalized communities. SFBT is an adaptable intervention that can be utilized by social workers to create positive therapeutic change in a brief period of time.
Using Schema Therapy to Meet Needs in Palliative Care
Authors: Parsonnet Lissa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Palliative care focuses on the reduction of suffering based upon the needs of the patient, rather than the stage of illness or status of treatment. Schema therapy is an integrative psychotherapeutic model focused on helping patients to meet unmet core emotional needs in an effective, healthy way. The failure to get these needs met in childhood may lead to the development of early maladaptive schemas which involve emotional and cognitive patterns that develop as a child attempts to make sense of their world, and the needs they experience which are not appropriately met. These schemas lead to maladaptive and self-defeating behaviors which fail to meet the needs and thus reinforce the distorted perceptions of the schema. Serious illness and the need for care can trigger schema activation that may interfere with treatment and coping. Schema therapy provides clinicians with a perspective and tools for addressing these responses.
Ethical Considerations in Palliative Care
Authors: Walters Wendy B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As modern technology advances, more options are available to patients to prolong their lives, which can create ethical dilemmas when principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice conflict in a myriad of ways. While technology can be seen as miraculous, it can also be a barrier when patients harbor potentially false illusions about its benefits. Social workers have more training in communication styles, family systems, and coping strategies than other members of the interdisciplinary team, positioning them as experts in facilitating difficult conversations. There will always be ethical dilemmas and moral distress in patient care; it is inevitable in a volatile world where the stakes may be enormously high—literally life and death. The palliative social worker is in a unique position to identify, mitigate, and perhaps prevent escalating dilemmas while respecting autonomy and cultural and spiritual values. This opening chapter provides a broad sweep of the most salient ethical issues encountered in palliative care.
Pediatric Palliative Care Ethics and Decision-Making
Authors: Purol Nicholas , Jonas Danielle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pediatric palliative care is interdisciplinary care that focuses on optimizing quality of life for children living with serious and life-threatening illnesses and their families. While concise on the surface, this definition is beset by a number of assumptions about how patients, families, clinicians, and ethicists define terms such as “quality of life,” “suffering,” or “comfort.” This chapter will not proclaim to provide answers for every ethically complex pediatric scenario, however, but will provide an overview of the unique challenges, frameworks, and opportunities to be found when exploring the ethics of decision-making in pediatric palliative care. This exploration is meant to help center and ground clinicians in what can be highly overwhelming situations so as to provide more optimal, compassionate, and intentional care.
Technology and Ethics
Authors: Bach Christina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Communication is the hallmark of the relationship between the patient and clinician. In healthcare settings, technology is being used more frequently to facilitate communication. There are benefits and challenges to the use of technology in healthcare settings. Digital interactions act as a new form of medical narrative, giving voice for some who may not have had such privilege or access previously. But location (where), time (when), authority (who), and best practices (what) for the use of digital interactions remain nebulous across healthcare professions. Other challenges include confidentiality, privacy, informed consent, digital accessibility, self-disclosure, and dual relationships in the virtual space. Digital interactions between patients and clinicians require flexibility, fluidity, caution, and perhaps, above all, digital humility. Social workers have enormous potential to mentor and model for other professions in their use of digital encounters in relationships as we take ownership and responsibility for online content, digital relationships, and our digital identity.
Supervision and Mentoring for Social Workers in Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Authors: Berkman Cathy , Genereux Carolyn , Front Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Supervision and mentoring in palliative social work are critical for guiding, teaching, supporting, and inspiring palliative social workers at all career stages. Supervision and mentoring are mutually beneficial to the individuals in the relationship, as well as to organizations. Best practices in supervision and mentoring are important for meeting the goals set by the participants. There are many similarities between supervision and mentoring but also important differences. The multiple models and modalities used in supervision and mentoring provide flexibility to tailor these relationships to meet the preferences and needs of the individuals involved, as well as institutional requirements and feasibility considerations. Supervision and mentoring facilitate the goal of all palliative social workers to be lifelong learners.
Professionalism
Authors: Csikai Ellen L. , Jones Barbara L. , Koch Kendra D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Professionalism is multifaceted and requires continual attention in an ever-changing field of palliative care. Competent and effective palliative social work practice is based on a foundation of connections with professional peers, educational enhancement, and leadership. Advocacy is not optional; it is one of our profession’s ethical obligations and a cornerstone of social work practice, particularly as it can directly influence social justice, equity in healthcare, and the quality of life of seriously ill individuals and those closest to them. Palliative social workers can and must be leaders in advocacy based on these foundations of connection, competence, knowledge and skills and embrace the opportunity to serve as role models in professional development.
Role of EEG in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Misulis Karl E. , Sonmezturk Hasan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The role of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in diagnosis and management is discussed in depth, including detailed discussion of available modalities. These include routine EEG as well as video-EEG, long-term recordings, and special studies using extracranial and intracranial techniques. Indications are discussed, including when different techniques are appropriate.
Management of Pediatric Seizures
Authors: Ess Kevin C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Management of seizures in children, compared to adults, is complicated by differences in seizure types and medication response between adults and children, differences in dosing due to difference in size and metabolism, and differences in the safety profile of medications between adults and children. This chapter discusses medical and nonmedical management of seizures in the pediatric population, as well as comorbidities and prognosis with pediatric epilepsies.
Quality of Care Standards and Counseling
Authors: Abou-Khalil Bassel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As part of care for patients with epilepsy, clinicians need ensure that patients are counseled on a variety of topics for their own physical and emotional health and for safety of the community. This includes following American Academy of Neurology Quality standards regarding counseling for a host of issues as well as a discussion of driving safety, a discussion of epilepsy inheritance expectations, and psychological counseling for emotional support. This chapter discusses these issues.
Neurochemical and metabolic imaging in bipolar disorder
Authors: Baytunca Muharrem Burak , Lyoo In Kyoon , Renshaw Perry F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating mood states of mania, hypomania, and depression, accompanied by changes in behavior, energy, activity levels, and the ability to function. Although there is converging evidence supporting the notion that bipolar disorder has neurobiological underpinnings, the underlying pathophysiology still remains unknown. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in the field of bipolar disorder have produced data that suggests that cellular bioenergetics might be impaired in those with bipolar disorder. Consistent with this, the concentrations of certain metabolites representing mitochondrial function, neural metabolism, and intracellular energy cycles were found to be altered in specific brain regions. Decreased levels of N-acetyl aspartate and phosphocreatine and increased Glx (the combination of glutamate and glutamine) and lactate seem to be the most replicated findings in the literature. Prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices are the regions where the neurochemical abnormalities have most consistently been reported. This chapter aims to review and interpret the results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings in bipolar disorder.
Cerebral blood flow in bipolar disorder
Authors: Mio Megan , Dimick Mikaela K. , Toma Simina , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Goldstein Benjamin I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Brain function is highly reliant on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Despite the availability of multiple methods of evaluating CBF, this approach is currently underutilized in bipolar disorder research. While CBF offers its own unique advantages, it is also relevant to other functional and structural imaging modalities. Measures of CBF may offer important insights into the etiopathology of bipolar disorder given its connection to cerebral metabolism, cardiovascular risk, and microvascular function, all domains relevant to bipolar disorder. This chapter outlines how CBF is measured and summarizes literature to date regarding CBF difference across mood states, CBF in relation to other psychiatric populations, and the association of CBF with psychiatric treatments and treatment response. Finally, we propose an integrative supply-demand model outlining why anomalous perfusion may be observed in bipolar disorder and the possibility of engaging CBF as a novel treatment target. Future, prospective studies are needed to examine CBF as it relates to course of illness, vascular pathology, and treatment in bipolar disorder across the lifespan.
Screening Large Population Health Databases for Potential Coronavirus Disease 2019 Therapeutics: A Pharmacopeia-Wide Association Study of Commonly Prescribed Medications
Authors: MacFadden Derek R , Brown Kevin , Buchan Sarah A , Chung Hannah , Kozak Rob , Kwong Jeffrey C , Manuel Doug , Mubareka Samira , Daneman Nick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor both the current and future pandemics, there is a need for high-throughput drug screening methods to identify existing drugs with potential preventive and/or therapeutic activity. Epidemiologic studies could complement laboratory-focused efforts to identify possible therapeutic agents.MethodsWe performed a pharmacopeia-wide association study (PWAS) to identify commonly prescribed medications and medication classes that are associated with the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in older individuals (≥65 years) in long-term care homes (LTCHs) and the community, between 15 January 2020 and 31 December 2020, across the province of Ontario, Canada.ResultsA total of 26 121 cases and 2 369 020 controls from LTCHs and the community were included in this analysis. Many of the drugs and drug classes evaluated did not yield significant associations with SARS-CoV-2 detection. However, some drugs and drug classes appeared to be significantly associated with reduced SARS-CoV-2 detection, including cardioprotective drug classes such as statins (weighted odds ratio [OR], 0.91; standard P &lt; .01, adjusted P &lt; .01) and β-blockers (weighted OR, 0.87; standard P &lt; .01, adjusted P = .01), along with individual agents ranging from levetiracetam (weighted OR, 0.70; standard P &lt; .01, adjusted P &lt; .01) to fluoxetine (weighted OR, 0.86; standard P = .013, adjusted P = .198) to digoxin (weighted OR, 0.89; standard P &lt; .01, adjusted P = .02).ConclusionsUsing this epidemiologic approach, which can be applied to current and future pandemics, we have identified a variety of target drugs and drug classes that could offer therapeutic benefit in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and may warrant further validation. Some of these agents (eg, fluoxetine) have already been identified for their therapeutic potential.
Pregnancy outcomes of a joint obstetric and rheumatology clinic in a tertiary centre: a 2-year retrospective study of 98 pregnancies
Authors: Hum Ryan Malcolm , David Trixy , Lau Yen June , Iftikhar Hajira , Thornber Sue , Simcox Louise , Bruce Ian , Tower Clare , Ho Pauline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases attending a joint rheumatology and obstetric clinic in the UK.MethodsElectronic records of 98 patients attending the joint rheumatology and obstetric clinic between January 2018 and January 2020 were analysed. Data on patient demographics, characteristics (including age, ethnicity, diagnosis, and medications taken during pregnancy), pregnancy outcomes (miscarriage, stillbirth or live birth), maternal complications [infection, post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) or pre-eclampsia] and fetal complications (sepsis, congenital heart block, prematurity and low birth weight) were tabulated. Subgroups of patients based on maternal diagnosis, medications and Ro/La antibody status were described in a similar manner.ResultsThe cohort was found to be predominantly Caucasian women &gt;30 years of age, diagnosed with a CTD. Of 98 pregnancies, 97% (n = 95) resulted in a live birth, with only 2% resulting in miscarriage (n = 2) and 1% in stillbirth (n = 1). The median duration of gestation was 38 (interquartile range 37–39) weeks, and the majority of patients had a normal vaginal delivery (35%, n = 34), whereas 30% had emergency Caesarean sections (n = 29). The median birth weight was 3120 (interquartile range 2690–3410) g. The most common maternal complications were PPH (56%, n = 54) and infection (22%, n = 21). The most common fetal complications were prematurity (23%, n = 22) and low birth weight (17%, n = 16).ConclusionWe report favourable outcomes from this service model, including a high live birth rate, a low miscarriage rate and a high median birth weight. With limited reported data of pregnancy outcomes from joint obstetric/rheumatology clinics, this service model might be beneficial in other centres.
Intrathecal Injection of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cultured on 3D Fiber Ameliorates Multiple Organ Damage in Murine Lupus
Authors: Saito Yuki , Miyajima Maki , Yamamoto Sena , Miura Norihiro , Sato Tsukasa , Kita Arisa , Ijima Shogo , Fujimiya Mineko , Chikenji Takako S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Up to 60% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience autonomic symptom. Sympathetic nervous system damage can cause dysfunction of the bone marrow that activates inflammatory cells, potentially causing multiple organ damage. We hypothesized that sympathetic nervous system damage would induce bone marrow dysfunction with multiple organ damage in SLE, and that multiple organ damage could be improved by therapy targeting the nervous system. Here, we showed that damage to autonomic nerves and Schwann cells occurred in the bone marrow and central nervous system of SLE model mice. A neurotoxic drug increased mortality and induced severe neuropathy and multiple organ damage, while a neuroprotective drug prevented multiple organ damage. The administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured on a 3-dimensional fiber scaffold improved bone marrow neuropathy, skin lesions, kidney function, and mortality. Our results reveal that bone marrow neuropathy influence multiple organ damage associated with SLE, and improvement of bone marrow neuropathy by intrathecal injection of BMSC may be a target for SLE multiple-organ damage.
Complications and Quality of Life following Gynecomastia Correction in Adolescents and Young Men
Authors: McNamara Catherine T. , Nuzzi Laura C. , Firriolo Joseph M. , Walsh Landis R. , Massey Gabrielle G. , Malloy Shannon M. , Young Danielle C. , Koup Lauren M. , DiVasta Amy D. , Labow Brian I. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Persistent adolescent gynecomastia negatively affects health-related quality of life. Surgery results in psychosocial improvements, but the effects of postoperative complications on health-related quality of life are unknown. The authors examined whether complications following adolescent gynecomastia surgery impact postoperative health-related quality of life.

Methods:
Patients aged 12 to 21 years who underwent surgical correction of unilateral/bilateral gynecomastia between 2007 and 2019 were enrolled (n = 145). Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records. Fifty-one patients completed the following surveys preoperatively, and at 6 months and 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 years postoperatively: 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (Version 2), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test.

Results:
Within a median period of 8.6 months, 36 percent of breasts experienced at least one complication. The most common were residual tissue (12.6 percent), contour irregularities (9.2 percent), and hematomas (7.8 percent). Patients reported significant postoperative improvements in self-esteem and in seven health-related quality-of-life domains (Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role-Emotional, and Mental Health) at a median of 33.3 months. Postoperative survey scores did not vary by grade or procedure, or largely by body mass index category or complication status. However, patients aged younger than 17 years at surgery scored significantly higher than older patients in the Short-Form Health Survey Vitality and Mental Health domains postoperatively.

Conclusions:
Health-related quality-of-life improvements are achievable in adolescents through surgical correction of persistent gynecomastia. Postoperatively, patients largely experienced similar health-related quality-of-life gains irrespective of complication status, grade, surgical technique, or body mass index category. Minor postcorrection complications are but do not appear to limit postoperative health-related quality-of-life benefits.
Korean endemic species no more: on the occurrence of Pelophylax chosenicus in China
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Shin Yucheol , Bae Yoonhyuk , Othman Siti N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding species distribution is the first requirement to work on their behaviour, conservation, and phylogeography. Over the last decades, the number of species described on the Korean peninsula has significantly increased, but areas around the boundaries of the Korean peninsula still have to be surveyed for the presence of these species, especially where the environment is similar and connected. Here, we conducted surveys in the continuous landscapes of the Republic of Korea, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the People’s Republic of China to determine the range of the Gold-spotted pond frog, Pelophylax chosenicus. The surveys were conducted between 2016 and 2020 through visual and call encounters. We also used molecular tools to confirm the species identity of the northernmost population, in China, sequencing the mitochondrial DNA 16S gene fragment. We then determined the importance of landscape types for the species, and especially rice paddies, and used landscape models to define suitable habitats across the region. We found the species to be widespread in low elevation wetlands along the coast of the Yellow Sea, with two isolated populations on the south-east of the Korean Peninsula, and the northernmost population in the vicinity of Dandong in PR China. As this species is listed as threatened in the Republic of Korea, knowing its exact distribution will be important for conservation practices, and this first record for PR China provides a baseline for further surveys.