bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Selected Fruit Juices
Authors: Nowak Dariusz , Gośliński Michał , Kłębukowska Lucyna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFruit and fruit juices are a valuable source of bioactive compounds, which can protect our organisms from oxidative stress. The phenolic compounds and other phytochemicals may affect the antimicrobial properties of juices. The aim of this study has been to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of selected berry juices and vitamin C-rich fruit juices. The research material was composed of seven juices, including three from berries (elderberry chokeberry, cranberry), three from vitamin C-rich fruit (sea buckthorn, wild rose, Japanese quince) and one exotic juice from noni fruit. Antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin content were determined. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated. The research showed that fruit juices from wild rose, chokeberry and Japanese quince had the highest antioxidant capacity. These juices were characterised by the rich content of polyphenols. Elderberry and chokeberry juices had the highest total anthocyanins. The juices differed in the content of bioactive compounds and specific bactericidal properties against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Fruit juices from cranberry, Japanese quince and sea buckthorn had the highest antimicrobial activity. Wild rose, chokeberry and elderberry juices, despite their high antioxidant properties, showed antimicrobial activity only against Gram-positive strains, except Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens. Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds in fruit juices affect the antimicrobial properties juices.
Accounting for Spatial Autocorrelation in Algorithm-Driven Hedonic Models: A Spatial Cross-Validation Approach
Authors: Deppner Juergen , Cajias Marcelo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractData-driven machine learning algorithms have initiated a paradigm shift in hedonic house price and rent modeling through their ability to capture highly complex and non-monotonic relationships. Their superior accuracy compared to parametric model alternatives has been demonstrated repeatedly in the literature. However, the statistical independence of the data implicitly assumed by resampling-based error estimates is unlikely to hold in a real estate context as price-formation processes in property markets are inherently spatial, which leads to spatial dependence structures in the data. When performing conventional cross-validation techniques for model selection and model assessment, spatial dependence between training and test data may lead to undetected overfitting and overoptimistic perception of predictive power. This study sheds light on the bias in cross-validation errors of tree-based algorithms induced by spatial autocorrelation and proposes a bias-reduced spatial cross-validation strategy. The findings confirm that error estimates from non-spatial resampling methods are overly optimistic, whereas spatially conscious techniques are more dependable and can increase generalizability. As accurate and unbiased error estimates are crucial to automated valuation methods, our results prove helpful for applications including, but not limited to, mass appraisal, credit risk management, portfolio allocation and investment decision making.
Leaving the Ivory Tower: Vocational Application Orientation of Early Career Academics
Authors: Lerche André D. S. , Burk Christian L. , Wiese Bettina S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study reports on the development and validation of a new construct of application orientation (AO), which we defined as a vocational orientation concerning the interest for certain principles, values, and activities that are common for university graduates working in applied (i.e., industrial) fields. Using a multi-study program with different samples, the new construct was conceptualized (Study 1) and validated (Studies 2–4). In a qualitative content analysis with N = 102 professionals (all of them having an academic degree mostly in the STEM disciplines), four central facets of applied (i.e., industrial) work were identified (process orientation, customer focus, product focus, and economic focus). In a study with N = 200 university students and professionals with mixed disciplinary backgrounds (i.e., STEM but also non-STEM fields), the AO facets correlated with the RIASEC dimensions (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional; Holland, 1997) mostly as expected, and the AO facet product focus was predictive of the preference for applied work settings, supporting convergent validity assumptions. Discriminant validity of the AO facets was largely supported, examining average variance extracted by the AO factors compared to the RIASEC factors. In a known-groups validation study, AO was higher in N = 108 professionals from industry compared with N = 40 scientists (all from STEM fields) working at a university. In a sample of N = 128 early career scientists from the STEM fields, the AO facet product focus predicted applied work behavior in an assessment center.
Update zur Pankreastransplantation
Authors: Rössler Fabian , de Rougemont Olivier 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Pankreastransplantation ist die erste Wahl in der Behandlung von Patienten mit schwer einstellbarem, insulinabhängigem Diabetes mellitus. Die häufigste Form ist die simultane Pankreas- und Nierentransplantation bei Menschen mit insulinabhängigem Diabetes mellitus und einer kombiniert eingeschränkten Nierenfunktion.

Ziel
Ziel der Pankreastransplantation ist es, die Blutzuckerkontrolle wiederherzustellen und diabetische Langzeitfolgeschäden zu verhindern.

Operation
Die Pankreastransplantation erfolgt in Europa ausschließlich in Form einer Verstorbenenspende und wird en bloc mit dem Spenderduodenum transplantiert. Die Implantation wird meist über eine mediane Laparotomie, mit Anastomosen an die A. iliaca communis und die V. cava inferior, vorgenommen. Die exokrine Drainage erfolgt heutzutage meist über eine Verbindung von Spenderduodenum und proximalem Jejunum.

Ergebnisse
Die Resultate der Pankreastransplantation sind insgesamt sehr gut, wobei nicht nur die Lebensqualität, sondern auch das Überleben der Patienten deutlich verbessert werden. Der größte Überlebensvorteil besteht gegenüber Diabetespatienten an der Dialyse. Rund 90 % der Transplantierten sind 1 Jahr nach der Transplantation noch ohne Insulinbedarf, nach 5 Jahren sind es noch 71 %.

Schlussfolgerung
Eine erfolgreiche Pankreastransplantation ist nach wie vor die wirksamste Methode, um eine langfristige Blutzuckerkontrolle zu erreichen und die diabetischen Sekundärkomplikationen zu limitieren.
Social trading: do signal providers trigger gambling?
Authors: Oehler Andreas , Schneider Julian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSocial trading—also referred to as copy trading—is an interactive platform-based innovation facilitating visibility and traceability of signal provider trading activities. Based on published portfolio transaction and return track records, platform users can copy one or several signal providers, i.e. delegate their investment decisions, and thereby become signal followers. Allowing signal providers to administer purely virtual portfolios, in combination with a remuneration scheme based on performance fees and high watermarks, creates convex or option-like incentives (Carpenter, J Finance 55:2311–2331, 2000; Doering and Jonen, SSRN J, 2018). We argue that the incentive structure imposed by social trading providers, including a very limited monetary downside risk for signal providers, may motivate traders to gamble. In this context, we assess the factors that have an impact on signal provider lottery-like stock transactions (Bali et al., J Financ Econ 99:427–446, 2011; Kumar, J Finance 64:1889–1933, 2009). We provide empirical evidence that signal providers tend to increase the traded relative share of lottery-like stocks when being located at an extreme end of the relative performance spectrum. Furthermore, we provide evidence that underperforming signal providers increase their net exposure towards lottery-like stocks, in turn exposing signal followers to a lottery-like return structure—triggering gambling.
Application of Bentonite Clay, Date Pit, and Chitosan Nanoparticles as Promising Adsorbents to Sequester Toxic Lead and Cadmium from Milk
Authors: Abdelnaby Amany , Abdelaleem Nabila M. , Elshewy Elham , Mansour Ayman H. , Ibrahim Samar S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Evaluating residual lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels in food products, especially milk, is critical for product safety and quality. In this purview, the current study aims to determine Pb and Cd concentrations in milk using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and compare their values with international standards. In addition, it aims to remove these metals from milk samples using low-cost, naturally occurring materials, such as bentonite, date pit, and chitosan nanoparticles. The ability of potential adsorbents was also investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Moreover, their impact on milk’s nutritional properties was considered. The results revealed that most milk samples contained Pb and Cd, with mean values of 0.237 ± 0.179 and 0.041 ± 0.036 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the three possible adsorbents demonstrated high sequestering ability due to their existing functional groups; the adsorption capacity of bentonite to Pb and Cd was 84 and 88%, date pit was 97 and 93%, and chitosan nanoparticles were 82 and 98%, respectively, with no discernible change in milk nutritional contents. In conclusion, the bentonite, date pit, and chitosan nanoparticles were found to be significantly effective and safe in removing hazardous trace elements (Pb and Cd) from contaminated milk.
Graphical abstract
The mGlu5 Receptor Protomer-Mediated Dopamine D2 Receptor Trans-Inhibition Is Dependent on the Adenosine A2A Receptor Protomer: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Romero-Fernandez Wilber , Taura Jaume J. , Crans René A. J. , Lopez-Cano Marc , Fores-Pons Ramon , Narváez Manuel , Carlsson Jens , Ciruela Francisco , Fuxe Kjell , Borroto-Escuela Dasiel O. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) form A2AR-D2R-mGluR5 heteroreceptor complexes in living cells and in rat striatal neurons. In the current study, we present experimental data supporting the view that the A2AR protomer plays a major role in the inhibitory modulation of the density and the allosteric receptor-receptor interaction within the D2R-mGluR5 heteromeric component of the A2AR-D2R-mGluR5 complex in vitro and in vivo. The A2AR and mGluR5 protomers interact and modulate D2R protomer recognition and signalling upon forming a trimeric complex from these receptors. Expression of A2AR in HEK293T cells co-expressing D2R and mGluR5 resulted in a significant and marked increase in the formation of the D2R-mGluR5 heteromeric component in both bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and proximity ligation assays. A highly significant increase of the the high-affinity component of D2R (D2RKi High) values was found upon cotreatment with the mGluR5 and A2AR agonists in the cells expressing A2AR, D2R and mGluR5 with a significant effect observed also with the mGluR5 agonist alone compared to cells expressing only D2R and mGluR5. In cells co-expressing A2AR, D2R and mGluR5, stimulation of the cells with an mGluR5 agonist like or D2R antagonist fully counteracted the D2R agonist-induced inhibition of the cAMP levels which was not true in cells only expressing mGluR5 and D2R. In agreement, the mGluR5-negative allosteric modulator raseglurant significantly reduced the haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice, and in A2AR knockout mice, the haloperidol action had almost disappeared, supporting a functional role for mGluR5 and A2AR in enhancing D2R blockade resulting in catalepsy. The results represent a relevant example of integrative activity within higher-order heteroreceptor complexes.
Scoping Review on ACL Surgery and Registry Data
Authors: Kaarre Janina , Zsidai Bálint , Narup Eric , Horvath Alexandra , Svantesson Eleonor , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Grassi Alberto , Musahl Volker , Samuelsson Kristian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To present an overview of registry-based anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) research, as well as provide insight into the future of ACL registries.

Recent Findings
During the past decades, the ACL registries have had an important role in increasing our understanding of patients with ACL injuries and their treatment. The registry data has deepened our understanding of factors that have been associated with an increased risk of sustaining an ACL injury and for evaluation of treatment factors and their impact on patient-related outcomes. Recently, registry-based ACL research using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has shown potential to create clinical decision-making tools and analyzing outcomes. Thus, standardization of collected data between the registries is needed to facilitate the further collaboration between registries and to facilitate the interpretation of results and subsequently improve the possibilities for implementation of AI and ML in the registry-based research.

Summary
Several studies have been based on the current ACL registries providing an insight into the epidemiology of ACL injuries as well as outcomes following ACL reconstruction. However, the current ACL registries are facing future challenges, and thus, new methods and techniques are needed to ensure further good quality and clinical applicability of study findings based on ACL registry data.
Red-spotted grouper Epinephelus akaara blood l-amino acid oxidase utilizes the substrates in plasma
Authors: Kitani Yoichiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstractl-amino acid oxidases (LAOs) oxidatively deaminate l-amino acids and generate H2O2. Recently, a novel LAO was isolated from the red-spotted grouper Epinephelusakaara serum (EaLAO) and it showed antibacterial activity via H2O2. The enzymatic activity of EaLAO was normally suppressed in blood and was activated by mixing it with seawater. This phenomenon suggested that EaLAO may stand by as an inactive form in the body, and it functions as an antibacterial protein at the bleeding trauma sites. For pathogen protection by EaLAO at the wound site, instant H2O2 production is essential. In this work, the substrate source of EaLAO and the H2O2-generation potential of the grouper plasma were studied. Mixing plasma with seawater or cations generated 0.26–0.48 mM of H2O2 except for the addition of l-amino acid substrates. The amino acid quantification of plasma via fluorescent HPLC showed that the alanine was dominantly consumed after being mixed with seawater. The Vmax, Km, and turnover number of EaLAO with l-alanine at 25 °C in seawater were 1618 μU/reaction, 86.6 mM, and 10.6 s−1, respectively. Furthermore, Vibrioharveyi was 84% killed by the plasma–seawater mixture. These results suggested that l-alanine may be the primary substrate of EaLAO in plasma.
A pragmatic approach to scientific change: transfer, alignment, influence
Authors: Canali Stefano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractI propose an approach that expands philosophical views of scientific change, on the basis of an analysis of contemporary biomedical research and recent developments in the philosophy of scientific change. Focusing on the establishment of the exposome in epidemiology as a case study and the role of data as a context for contrasting views on change, I discuss change at conceptual, methodological, material, and social levels of biomedical epistemology. Available models of change provide key resources to discuss this type of change, but I present the need for an approach that models transfer, alignment, and influence as key processes of change. I develop this as a pragmatic approach to scientific change, where processes might change substantially depending on specific circumstances, thus contributing to and complementing the debate on a crucial epistemological issue.
Diagnostic and prognostic potential clustered miRNAs in bladder cancer
Authors: Ware Akshay Pramod , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Chawla Arun , Paul Bobby , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAt specific genomic loci, miRNAs are in clusters and their association with copy number variations (CNVs) may exhibit abnormal expression in several cancers. Hence, the current study aims to understand the expression of miRNA clusters residing within CNVs and the regulation of their target genes in bladder cancer. To achieve this, we used extensive bioinformatics resources and performed an integrated analysis of recurrent CNVs, clustered miRNA expression, gene expression, and drug–gene interaction datasets. The study identified nine upregulated miRNA clusters that are residing on CNV gain regions and three miRNA clusters (hsa-mir-200c/mir-141, hsa-mir-216a/mir-217, and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2) are correlated with patient survival. These clustered miRNAs targeted 89 genes that were downregulated in bladder cancer. Moreover, network and gene enrichment analysis displayed 10 hub genes (CCND2, ETS1, FGF2, FN1, JAK2, JUN, KDR, NOTCH1, PTEN, and ZEB1) which have significant potential for diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer patients. Interestingly, hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2 cluster candidates showed significant differences in their expression in stage-specific manner during cancer progression. Downregulation of NOTCH1 by hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 may also sensitize tumors to methotrexate thus suggesting potential chemotherapeutic options for bladder cancer subjects. To overcome some computational challenges and reduce the complexity in multistep big data analysis, we developed an automated pipeline called CmiRClustFinder v1.0 (https://github.com/msls-bioinfo/CmiRClustFinder_v1.0), which can perform integrated data analysis of 35 TCGA cancer types.
Online polarization and cross-fertilization in multi-cleavage societies: the case of Spain
Authors: Casañ Rubén Rodríguez , García-Vidal Enrique , Grimaldi Didier , Carrasco-Farré Carlos , Vaquer-Estalrich Francisco , Vila-Francés Joan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe impact of the social media (SM) has been seen on the one hand as the cause of large exacerbation of negative messages, responsible for massively harmful societal phenomenon against democracies. On the other hand, recent studies have begun to look at how these online channels were able to provide a new impulse in human communication. The novelty of our work resides on analysing several axes of polarizations related to different societal topics. We believe our approach to reflect a more complex society, differing from the recent literature, which has considered a unique left–right dichotomic cleavage. Our methodology consists of extracting topics from the priority themes of the SM debate, using BERT language processing techniques and TF-IDF model. Our results show situation of social media interactions in a multidimensional space does exist. We highlight how social media behaviours, polarization and cross-fertilization differ as upon concrete topics. We argue therefore the ‘mega-identity partisanship’ which differentiate US online users in two different spaces cannot be extended for the rest of countries taking as first evidence the case of Spain. Further research should extend our conclusions for a possible generalization.
An Agmon–Allegretto–Piepenbrink principle for Schrödinger operators
Authors: Buccheri Stefano , Orsina Luigi , Ponce Augusto C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe prove that each Borel function $$V : \Omega \rightarrow [{-\infty }, +\infty ]$$

V
:
Ω
→
[

-
∞

,
+
∞
]

defined on an open subset $$\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^{N}$$

Ω
⊂

R

N

induces a decomposition $$\Omega = S \cup \bigcup _{i} D_{i}$$

Ω
=
S
∪

⋃
i

D
i

such that every function in $$W^{1,2}_{0}(\Omega ) \cap L^{2}(\Omega ; V^{+} \,\mathrm {d}x)$$

W
0

1
,
2

(
Ω
)

∩

L
2

(
Ω
;

V
+

d
x
)

is zero almost everywhere on S and existence of nonnegative supersolutions of $$-\Delta + V$$

-
Δ
+
V

on each component $$D_{i}$$

D
i

yields nonnegativity of the associated quadratic form $$ \int _{D_{i}} (|\nabla \xi |^2+V\xi ^2). $$

∫

D
i

(
|
∇
ξ
|

2

+
V

ξ
2

)
.
A review of prospects and current scenarios of biomass co-pyrolysis for water treatment
Authors: Zuhara Shifa , Mackey Hamish R. , Al-Ansari Tareq , McKay Gordon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith ever-growing population comes an increase in waste and wastewater generated. There is ongoing research to not only reduce the waste but also to increase its value commercially. One method is pyrolysis, a process that converts wastes, at temperatures usually above 300 °C in a pyrolysis unit, to carbon-rich biochars among with other useful products. These chars are known to be beneficial as they can be used for water treatment applications; certain studies also reveal improvements in the biochar quality especially on the surface area and pore volume by imparting thermal and chemical activation methods, which eventually improves the uptake of pollutants during the removal of inorganic and organic contaminants in water. Research based on single waste valorisation into biochar applications for water treatment has been extended and applied to the pyrolysis of two or more feedstocks, termed co-pyrolysis, and its implementation for water treatment. The co-pyrolysis research mainly covers activation, applications, predictive calculations, and modelling studies, including isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic adsorption analyses. This paper focuses on the copyrolysis biochar production studies for activated adsorbents, adsorption mechanisms, pollutant removal capacities, regeneration, and real water treatment studies to understand the implementation of these co-pyrolyzed chars in water treatment applications. Finally, some prospects to identify the future progress and opportunities in this area of research are also described. This review provides a way to manage solid waste in a sustainable manner, while developing materials that can be utilized for water treatment, providing a double target approach to pollution management.