bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B, N co-doping graphene nanoribbons as effective oxygen reduction electrocatalyst
Authors: Tu Huanlu , Zhang Yumeng , Liu Peizhi , Hou Ying , Liu Yanzhen , Liang Jianguo , Zhang Haixia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, a facile method was used to synthesize B, N-co-doped graphene nanoribbons (BN-GNRs), with g-C3N4 as a source of N and boric acid as a source of B, for use as an effective electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Numerous wavy edges are exposed in GNRs, and these exposed wavy edges provide doping positions for N and B atoms. Compared with single doping of B or N, co-doping of B and N with opposite electronegativity can increase the doping amounts. Thus, the obtained BN-GNRs catalyst has tremendous graphitic- and pyridinic-N active sites, which are beneficial to oxygen adsorption and desorption and to electron mass transfer. Additionally, the interaction between nearby N and B can promote the ORR’s catalytic process and conversion efficiency. BN-GNRs demonstrate strong ORR performance, better selectivity, and stability. Moreover, their half-wave potential can reach 0.852 V in alkaline electrolyte, similar to that for Pt/C. This study shows that BN-GNRs can be employed as an effective metal-free ORR catalyst to replace commercial Pt/C.
Real-time, single breath-hold, multi-slice, 2D cine radial MR image reconstruction using sc-GROG k-t ESPIRiT
Authors: Aslam Ibtisam , Crowe Lindsey A , Kassai Miklos , Qazi Sohaib Ayaz , Omer Hammad , Vallée Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Multi-slice, multiple breath-hold ECG-gated 2D cine MRI is a standard technique for evaluating heart function and restricted to one or two images per breath-hold. Therefore, the standard cine MRI requires long scan time and can result in slice-misalignments because of various breath-hold locations in the multiple acquisitions. Methods: This work proposes the sc-GROG based k-t ESPIRiT with Total Variation (TV) constraint (sc-GROG k-t ESPIRiT) to reconstruct unaliased cardiac real-time cine MR images from highly accelerated whole heart multi-slice, single breath-hold, real-time 2D cine radial data acquired using the balanced steady-state free precession (trueFISP) sequence in 8 patients. The proposed method quality is assessed via Artifact Power (AP), Root-Mean Square Error (RMSE), Structure Similarity Index (SSIM), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), blood-pool to myocardial Contrast-to-Noise-Ratio (CNR), Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) and spatial-temporal intensity plots through the blood-myocardium boundary. The proposed method quantitative results are compared with the NUFFT based k-t ESPIRiT with Total Variation (TV) constraint (NUFFT k-t ESPIRiT) approach. Furthermore, clinical analysis and function quantification are assessed by Bland–Altman (BA) analyses. Results: As supported by the visual assessment and evaluation parameters, the reconstruction results of the sc-GROG k-t ESPIRiT approach provide an average 21%, 12%, 1% and 47% improvement in AP, RMSE, SSIM and PSNR, respectively in comparison to the NUFFT k-t ESPIRiT approach. Furthermore, the proposed method gives on average 45% and 58% improved blood-pool to myocardial CNR and SNR than the NUFFT k-t ESPIRiT approach. Also, from the BA plot, the proposed method gives better left ventricular and right ventricular function measurements as compared to the NUFFT k-t ESPIRiT scheme. Conclusions: The sc-GROG k-t ESPIRiT (Proposed Method) improves the spatio-temporal quality of the whole heart multi-slice, single breath-hold, real-time 2D cine radial MR and semi-automated analysis using standard clinical software, as compared to the NUFFT k-t ESPIRiT approach.
Rapid growth of nanostructure on tungsten thin film by exposure to helium plasma
Authors: FENG Shuangyuan , KAJITA Shin , TOKITANI Masayuki , NAGATA Daisuke , OHNO Noriyasu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A fiberform nanostructure was synthesized by exposing high-density helium plasma to a 100 nm thick tungsten thin film in the linear plasma device NAGDIS-II. After helium plasma exposure, the cross-section of samples was observed by a scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and focused ion beam scanning electron microscope. It is shown that the thickness of the nanostructured layer increases significantly for only a short irradiation time. The optical absorptivity remains high, even though it is exposed to helium plasma for a short time. The usage of the thin film can shorten the processing time for nanostructure growth, which will be beneficial for commercial production.
Study of the spectrum effect on the threshold of resonant magnetic perturbation penetration on J-TEXT
Authors: MAO Feiyue , WANG Nengchao , HUANG Zhuo , REN Zhengkang , ZHOU Song , SHEN Chengshuo , ZHANG Xiaoyi , HE Ying , ZHANG Qi , JIA Ruo , ZHAO Chuanxu , LI Yangbo , HU Bo , LI Da , BALA Abba Alhaji , CHEN Zhipeng , CHEN Zhongyong , YANG Zhoujun , LIANG Yunfeng , DING Yonghua , PAN Yuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The spectrum effect on the penetration of resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) is studied with upgraded in-vessel RMP coils on J-TEXT. The poloidal spectrum of the RMP field, especially the amplitudes of 2/1 and 3/1 components, can be varied by the phase difference between the upper and lower coil rows, Δϕ = ϕ
top−ϕ
bottom, where ϕ
top and ϕ
bottom are the toroidal phases of the n = 1 field of each coil row. The type of RMP penetration is found to be related to Δϕ, including the RMP penetration of either 2/1 or 3/1 RMP and the successive penetrations of 3/1 RMP followed by the 2/1 RMP. For cases with penetration of only one RMP component, the penetration thresholds measured by the corresponding resonant component are close for various Δϕ. However, the 2/1 RMP penetration threshold is significantly reduced if the 3/1 locked island is formed in advance. The changes in the rotation profile due to 3/1 locked island formation could partially contribute to the reduction of the 2/1 thresholds.
Optical atomic clock aboard an Earth-orbiting space station (OACESS): enhancing searches for physics beyond the standard model in space
Authors: Schkolnik Vladimir , Budker Dmitry , Fartmann Oliver , Flambaum Victor , Hollberg Leo , Kalaydzhyan Tigran , Kolkowitz Shimon , Krutzik Markus , Ludlow Andrew , Newbury Nathan , Pyrlik Christoph , Sinclair Laura , Stadnik Yevgeny , Tietje Ingmari , Ye Jun , Williams Jason 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a concept for a high-precision optical atomic clock (OAC) operating on an Earth-orbiting space station. This pathfinder science mission will compare the space-based OAC with one or more ultra-stable terrestrial OACs to search for space-time-dependent signatures of dark scalar fields that manifest as anomalies in the relative frequencies of station-based and ground-based clocks. This opens the possibility of probing models of new physics that are inaccessible to purely ground-based OAC experiments where a dark scalar field may potentially be strongly screened near Earth’s surface. This unique enhancement of sensitivity to potential dark matter candidates harnesses the potential of space-based OACs.
Spin-orbit torques due to extrinsic spin-orbit scattering of topological insulator surface states: out-of-plane magnetization
Authors: Farokhnezhad Mohsen , Asgari Reza , Culcer Dimitrie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The origins of the spin-orbit torque (SOT) at ferromagnet/topological insulator interfaces are incompletely understood. The theory has overwhelmingly focussed on the Edelstein effect due to the surface states in the presence of a scalar scattering potential. We investigate here the contribution to the SOT due to extrinsic spin-orbit (SO) scattering of the surface states, focusing on the case of an out-of-plane magnetization. We show that SO scattering brings about a sizable renormalization of the field-like SOT, which exceeds 20

%

at larger strengths of the extrinsic SO parameter. The resulting SOT exhibits a maximum as a function of the Fermi energy, magnetization, and extrinsic SO strength. The field-like SOT decreases with increasing disorder strength, while the damping-like SOT is independent of the impurity density. With experimental observation in mind we also determine the role of extrinsic SO scattering on the anomalous Hall effect. Our results suggest extrinsic SO scattering is a significant contributor to the surface SOT stemming from the Edelstein effect when the magnetization is out of the plane.
Advanced characterization of organic–metal and organic–organic interfaces: from photoelectron spectroscopy data to energy-level diagrams
Authors: Wang Qi , Yang Jiacheng , Gerlach Alexander , Schreiber Frank , Duhm Steffen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Organic–metal and organic–organic interfaces account for the functionality of virtually all organic optoelectronic applications and the energy-level alignment is of particular importance for device performance. Often the energy-level alignment is simply estimated by metal work functions and ionization energies and electron affinities of the organic materials. However, various interfacial effects such as push back, mirror forces (also known as screening), electronic polarization or charge transfer affect the energy-level alignment. We perform x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS) measurements on copper-hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc) and titanyl-phthalocyanine (TiOPc) thin films on Ag(111) and use TiOPc bilayers to decouple F16CuPc layers from the metal substrate. Even for our structurally well-characterized model interfaces and by stepwise preparation of vacuum-sublimed samples, a precise assignment of vacuum-level and energy-level shifts remains challenging. Nevertheless, our results provide guidelines for the interpretation of XPS and UPS data of organic–metal and organic–organic interfaces.
Controllable rectification on the thermal conductivity of porous YBa2Cu3O7−

x
superconductors from 3D-printing
Authors: Ma Yanbin , Zhang Baoqiang , Zhang Xingyi , Zhou You-He 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x
(YBCO) bulks have promising applications in quasi-permanent magnets, levitation, etc. Recently, a new way of fabricating porous YBCO bulks, named direct-ink-writing (DIW) 3D-printing method, has been reported. In this method, the customized precursor paste and programmable shape are two main advantages. Here, we have put forward a new way to customize the YBCO 3D-printing precursor paste which is doped with Al2O3 nanoparticles to obtain YBCO with higher thermal conductivity. The great rheological properties of precursor paste after being doped with Al2O3 nanoparticles can help the macroscopic YBCO samples with high thermal conductivity fabricated stably with high crystalline and lightweight properties. Test results show that the peak thermal conductivity of Al2O3-doped YBCO can reach twice as much as pure YBCO, which makes a great effort to reduce the quench propagation speed. Based on the microstructure analysis, one can find that the thermal conductivity of Al2O3-doped YBCO has been determined by its components and microstructures. In addition, a macroscopic theoretical model has been proposed to assess the thermal conductivity of different microstructures, whose calculated results take good agreement with the experimental results. Meanwhile, a microstructure with high thermal conductivity has been found. Finally, a macroscopic YBCO bulk with the presented high thermal conductivity microstructure has been fabricated by the Al2O3-doped method. Compared with YBCO fabricated by the traditional 3D-printed, the Al2O3-doped structural YBCO bulks present excellent heat transfer performances. Our customized design of 3D-printing precursor pastes and novel concept of structural design for enhancing the thermal conductivity of YBCO superconducting material can be widely used in other DIW 3D-printing materials.
Study on recyclable precast-slab-fabricated road based on arching effect theory
Authors: Liu Dapeng , Fu Qiang , Wang Jing , Wang Mengmeng , Li Wei , Liu Mengxi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Precast slab parameters are important factors affecting the mechanical performance and service life of precast-slab-fabricated recyclable roads. To clarify the force mechanism of recyclable precast-slab-fabricated roads and provide a basis for selecting slab parameters, a field test of a recyclable road fabricated using a large-scale precast slab was conducted in this study. The horizontal and vertical stresses on the top and bottom surfaces of the precast slab are determined. The stress-time history curves show that the horizontal and vertical stresses have peak values corresponding to the time at which the axle acts directly on the precast slab. Based on the arching effect theory, the mechanical mechanism of a precast-slab-fabricated recyclable road was analyzed. Owing to the arching effect between the precast slabs, they were cooperatively stressed. Compared with precast slab bearing vehicle load independently, When the arch effect works, both the maximum horizontal stress and the vertical stress decrease. According to the field test results, the influence laws of the material, size, thickness, and shape of the precast slab on precast slab stress were obtained. In order to achieve maximum service life and road performance of recyclable Precast-Slab-Fabricated road, the characteristic parameters of the precast slab are suggested as follows. The grade of concrete used for the precast slab should be more than C30, the size of precast slab can be 2 m, large thickness of precast slab should be used(e.g.0.2 m), and square precast slab with width-length ratio of 1 should be adopted as far as possible.
A hospital at home case report: Prolonged amphotericin B therapy via elastomeric pump
Authors: Horr Tara , Muscarella Joseph , Crocker Kristina , Kimmerling Megan , Reeves Tracy , Moreno Marion L , Lewis Michelle , Young Brett T , Ryan Starnes J , Niehoff Kristina M , Kripalani Sunil 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeHospital at home is an alternative means of providing inpatient care for a patient requiring prolonged liposomal amphotericin B therapy.SummaryHospital at home is a unique care model that allows patients to receive inpatient hospital care within the comfort of their home and can be seen as an alternative care site for patients with complex treatment regimens that may require prolonged hospitalization. Hospital systems have increasingly begun incorporating hospital at home programs into their inpatient service lines. We present the case of a patient with disseminated histoplasmosis requiring a prolonged course of intravenous liposomal amphotericin B therapy. Because of the complex administration and stability of this medication, care is often provided in an inpatient setting. The Vanderbilt University Medical Center Hospital at Home team was able to coordinate resources and services to allow for this patient to receive acute hospital care at home and continue to receive amphotericin B infusion.ConclusionThis experience spotlights how hospital at home can be considered for patients requiring ongoing inpatient care for prolonged intravenous treatment courses.
Autologous Fat Grafting With CO2 Tissue Preparation (Carbo-pneumodissection): A Safe Method for Expanding and Enhancing Recipient Site Capacity and Aesthetic Outcomes
Authors: Winder Gilad , Gronovich Yoav , Elias Nardin , Segal Eran , Ben-David Merav A , Tsur Rotem , Maisel Lotan Adi , Scheflan Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is commonly used as part of aesthetic and reconstruction procedures, but expanding and enhancing the recipient site capacity remains a major challenge.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to describe and assess an innovative intraoperative carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumodissection (CPD) recipient site preconditioning procedure intended to improve recipient site capacity and AFG outcomes.

Methods
From June 2019 to August 2021, 53 patients after mastectomy or lumpectomy (76 breasts) underwent 96 AFG procedures as a separate stage immediately following tissue preconditioning with CPD.

Results
There were no systemic or major local complications. The mean number of AFG procedures required to complete the reconstruction was 1.3 per breast. The vast majority of patients achieved a final satisfactory aesthetic outcome with either 1 or 2 procedures (77.6% and 18.4%, respectively). The volume of fat graft delivered into the recipient site per session following CPD was higher than previous literature reports for all study groups. Furthermore, the CPD procedure was associated with a reduced need for subsequent AFG to complete the reconstruction. The positive effect of CPD, in terms of AFG volume delivered, was even more prominent among scarred irradiated breasts. Despite the large fat graft volumes delivered in our study, only 5.3% of breasts experienced fat necrosis following the procedure.

Conclusions
CPD constitutes a safe, innovative, intraoperative method to expand and enhance recipient site capacity and fat grafting outcome. CPD allows cavernous expansion alongside preservation of the microcirculation. CPD works for both healthy and compromised tissues, in either reconstructive or aesthetic procedures.

Level of Evidence: 4
Molecular markers for early stratification of disease severity and progression in COVID-19
Authors: Kashyap Anusha , Sebastian Savitha Anne , Krishnaiyer NarayanaSwamy Sree Raksha , Raksha KalyanKumar , Krishnamurthy Hanumanthappa , Krishna Bhuvana , D’Souza George , Idiculla Jyothi , Vyas Neha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 infections have imposed immense pressure on the healthcare system of most countries. While the initial studies have identified better therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, the disease severity is still assessed by close monitoring of symptoms by healthcare professionals due to the lack of biomarkers for disease stratification. In this study, we have probed the immune and molecular profiles of COVID-19 patients at 48-h intervals after hospitalization to identify early markers, if any, of disease progression and severity. Our study reveals that the molecular profiles of patients likely to enter the host-immune response-mediated moderate or severe disease progression are distinct even in the early phase of infection when severe symptoms are not yet apparent. Our data from 37 patients suggest that at hospitalization, interleukins (IL6) (&gt;300 pg/ml) and IL8 levels (&gt;200 pg/ml) identify cytokine-dependent disease progression. Monitoring their levels will facilitate timely intervention using available immunomodulators or precision medicines in those likely to progress due to cytokine storm and help improve outcomes. Additionally, it will also help identify cytokine-independent progressive patients, not likely to benefit from immunomodulators or precision drugs.
Adverse Events Associated With Treatment for Pan-Susceptible Tuberculosis in San Francisco
Authors: Louie Janice K , Keh Chris , Agraz-Lara Rocio , Phillips Allison , Graves Susannah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOf 373 patients treated for drug-susceptible tuberculosis, 35.4% (46.2% aged ≥65 years) developed moderate/severe adverse events that required treatment interruption (34.8%), first-line drug discontinuation (26.2%, primarily pyrazinamide), second-line drug initiation (30.0%), and treatment duration up to 3.8 months longer. More safe and effective options are needed, including for the elderly.
Liquid Biopsy and Immuno-Oncology for Advanced Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sinoquet Léa , Jacot William , Quantin Xavier , Alix-Panabières Catherine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
In the last decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer without oncogenic addiction. Currently, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status, assessed in tissue biopsy samples, is the only test for guiding the prescription of these therapies in clinical practice. However, obtaining tumor tissue from patients with lung cancer is not always feasible and PD-L1 positivity is not a guarantee of immunotherapy efficacy. In this context, liquid biopsy, represented by several circulating biomarkers that reflect the tumor characteristics, is emerging as an interesting alternative approach.

Content
We describe the main blood biomarkers evaluated in patients with metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer before/during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, with a focus on circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), blood tumor mutational burden, and circulating tumor cells (CTCs).

Summary
Monitoring of ctDNA and CTCs during immunotherapy may be a promising tool to help clinicians in therapeutic decision-making.
Olfaction and reaction: The role of olfactory and hypothalamic investment in the antipredator responses to chemical alarm cues by northern redbelly dace
Authors: Joyce Brendan J , Brown Grant E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neuroplasticity enables teleosts to promote or downregulate the growth of their brains regionally. To compensate for the effects of predation pressure, teleosts may alter their brain morphology and behavioral responses to mitigate its impact on individual fitness. High-predation environments often promote specific patterns of brain growth and produce bolder and more proactive populations. Owing to the expense of maintaining neural tissue, relative size indicates the regions most relied upon. In northern redbelly dace Chrosomus eos, as little as 2 weeks of elevated predation pressure, resulted in increased investment in their olfactory bulbs and optic tecta, while the imposition of captivity produced smaller, less symmetric hypothalami. Taken together, these results suggest that an individual could potentially become better able to detect a threat, and simultaneously less inclined to react to it, making the impact of either change in isolation is difficult to discern. Here, we compared interindividual variation in gross brain morphology, risk-taking tactics in a novel arena (shy–bold personality), and responding to olfactory cues (proactive/reactive stress-coping style). We hypothesized that olfactory investment would positively correlate with response intensity to predator cue concentration and respond across a wider range of cue concentrations, while hypothalamus size would correlate with shyness and reactivity. Exposure to heightened risk produced more bold/proactive individuals, with larger olfactory bulbs and smaller hypothalami. However, the direction of the correlation between hypothalamus size and behavior varied by treatment, and olfactory investment only corresponded with response intensity amongst proactive individuals. Our findings illustrate the potential pitfalls of relating gross brain morphology to complex behavior and suggest that stress-coping style is a relevant consideration in future studies.