bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Totipotent “All‐In‐One” Peptide Sequentially Blocks Immune Checkpoint and Reverses the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Limin , Jiang Zhenqi , Yang Xi , Qian Yixia , Wang Minxuan , Wu Shang , Li Lingyun , Jia Fei , Wang Zihua , Hu Zhiyuan , Zhao Minzhi , Tang Xiaoying , Li Gang , Shang Hanbing , Chen Xiaoyuan , Wang Weizhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade combined with reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) can dramatically enhance anti‐tumor immunity, which can be achieved by using multiple‐agent therapy. However, the optimal dose and order of administration of different agents remain elusive. To address this dilemma, multiple agents are often grafted together to construct “all‐in‐one” totipotent drugs, but this usually comes at the cost of a lack of synergy between the agents. Herein, by comprehensively analyzing the conserved sites of the immune checkpoint and TME drug targets, peptide secondary structures, assembly properties, and other physicochemical properties, a high‐content peptide library is designed. By using the “3D‐molecular‐evolution” screening strategy, an efficient and totipotent “all‐in‐one” peptide (TAP) is obtained, which possesses the abilities of self‐assembling, blocking the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis, inhibiting Rbm38‐eIF4E complex formation, and activating p53. It is shown that in mice treated with TAP, with either subcutaneous tumors or patient‐derived xenografts, PD‐L1 is blocked, with increased activation of both T and NK cells whilst reversing the immunosuppressive TME. Moreover, TAP can mitigate tumor activity and suppress tumor growth, showing superior therapeutic effect over antibody‐based drugs.
Solution‐Processed Gas Barriers with Glass‐Like Ultrahigh Barrier Performance
Authors: Sasaki Tatsuki , Sun Lina , Kurosawa Yu , Takahashi Tatsuhiro , Suzuri Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral electronic devices, such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), are very vulnerable to water vapor. Therefore, they require an ultrahigh‐performance gas barrier (water vapor transmission rate [WVTR]: less than 10−5 g m−2 d−1). The barrier performance of solution‐processed gas barriers is inferior to that of vacuum‐processed gas barriers; however, they possess advantages such as high resource efficiency, high throughput, low fabrication cost, and printability, which facilitate sustainable manufacturing and digital fabrication. The simultaneous realization of solution processability and ultrahigh barrier performance is highly desired. Herein, this work reports solution‐processed gas barriers developed using perhydropolysilazane (PHPS)‐derived SiN (PDSN) layers densified by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. The appropriate PDSN thickness and irradiated VUV dose result in an excellent WVTR of 4.8 × 10−5 g m−2 d−1 (a barrier performance close to that of glass), which makes it among the best‐performing water vapor barriers recorded to date. The barrier performance is achieved with a thickness of only 990 nm and a short VUV irradiation time (2.4 min per PHPS layer). An ultrahigh‐performance barrier with rapid processability such as this expands the possibility of solution‐processed barrier technology.
New Coatings Systems with Improved Mechanical Properties by Combining Polymer Derived Ceramic and Physical Vapor Deposition Coating Methods
Authors: Wendel Jan‐Felix , Lenz Leite Mateus , Furtat Plinio , Tangermann‐Gerk Katja , Schafföner Stefan , Motz Günter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDifferent application methods for coatings have their individual advantages and disadvantages. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) titanium nitride coatings are hard but cannot be produced economically in high coating thicknesses, for example. Polymer derived ceramic (PDC) coatings, on the other hand, have good oxidation protection properties and can be easily produced with high thicknesses, but have worse mechanical properties. Therefore, a combination of different coating methods leads to a coating system providing the advantageous of both techniques. In this work, research on the combinability of a Durazane 2250 and a Durazane 1800 based PDC coating with a titanium nitride PVD coating is reported with focus on the mechanical properties of the combined system. It is shown that after complete ceramization of PDC coatings, a homogeneous and well adherent titanium nitride coating is achieved. The hardness (12.3 GPa) and scratch resistance (more than 10 N load at failure) as well as a reduction of affected area in cross‐cut tape test of 32% of the combined systems are obtained. The synergistic effect expected for the combined coating systems is demonstrated.
Plating of Ion‐Exchange Membranes: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Truszkowska Agnieszka , Boldini Alain , Porfiri Maurizio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectroless plating of membranes offers a viable pathway to create flexible electrodes for soft sensors and actuators, as well as flexible electronics and batteries. Ionic polymer metal composites are a promising class of active materials, realized through electroless plating of ion‐exchange membranes. The plating and electrode‐membrane interface play a key role on their performance, but computational tools to inform the selection of the plating material and optimize the plating process are currently lacking. Here, this gap is filled through the study of the electrode‐membrane interface in different types of ion‐exchange membranes via molecular dynamics simulations. Both commercially available cation‐ and research‐grade anion‐exchange membranes are studied here. For platinum coating, it is predicted that cation‐exchange membranes will have a superior interface than anion‐exchange membranes, in terms of metal penetration into the membrane, reliability of actuation performance, and interface stability. The results are in line with previous endeavors documenting the higher stability of the interface for cation‐ than for anion‐exchange membranes, easier plating processes, and better electrochemical performance when working with cation‐exchange membranes. The proposed computational framework offers a versatile environment for testing different types of coatings for specific membranes, toward optimizing the performance of electrochemical devices with plated flexible electrodes.
Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP) Protofibril‐Specific Antibodies for Detection and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bortoletto Angelina S. , Graham W. Vallen , Trout Gabriella , Bonito‐Oliva Alessandra , Kazmi Manija A. , Gong Jing , Weyburne Emily , Houser Brandy L. , Sakmar Thomas P. , Parchem Ronald J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a major public health concern and is characterized by sustained hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and destruction of insulin‐producing β cells. One pathological hallmark of T2D is the toxic accumulation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregates. Monomeric hIAPP is a hormone normally co‐secreted with insulin. However, increased levels of hIAPP in prediabetic and diabetic patients can lead to the formation of hIAPP protofibrils, which are toxic to β cells. Current therapies fail to address hIAPP aggregation and current screening modalities do not detect it. Using a stabilizing capping protein, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be developed against a previously nonisolatable form of hIAPP protofibrils, which are protofibril specific and do not engage monomeric hIAPP. Shown here are two candidate mAbs that can detect hIAPP protofibrils in serum and hIAPP deposits in pancreatic islets in a mouse model of rapidly progressing T2D. Treatment of diabetic mice with the mAbs delays disease progression and dramatically increases overall survival. These results demonstrate the potential for using novel hIAPP protofibril‐specific mAbs as a diagnostic screening tool for early detection of T2D, as well as therapeutically to preserve β cell function and target one of the underlying pathological mechanisms of T2D.
A Germline‐Specific Regulator of Mitochondrial Fusion is Required for Maintenance and Differentiation of Germline Stem and Progenitor Cells
Authors: Zhang Ru , Tu Yi‐Xuan , Ye Ding , Gu Zhenglong , Chen Zhen‐Xia , Sun Yonghua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMaintenance and differentiation of germline stem and progenitor cells (GSPCs) is important for sexual reproduction. Here, the authors identify zebrafish pld6 as a novel germline‐specific gene by cross‐analyzing different RNA sequencing results, and find that pld6 knockout mutants develop exclusively into infertile males. In pld6 mutants, GSPCs fail to differentiate and undergo apoptosis, leading to masculinization and infertility. Mitochondrial fusion in pld6‐depleted GSPCs is severely impaired, and the mutants exhibit defects in piRNA biogenesis and transposon suppression. Overall, this work uncovers zebrafish Pld6 as a novel germline‐specific regulator of mitochondrial fusion, and highlights its essential role in the maintenance and differentiation of GSPCs as well as gonadal development and gametogenesis.
Transparent and Multi‐Foldable Nanocellulose Paper Microsupercapacitors
Authors: Kim Sang‐Woo , Lee Kwon‐Hyung , Lee Yong‐Hyeok , Youe Won‐Jae , Gwon Jae‐Gyoung , Lee Sang‐Young 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the ever‐increasing demand for transparent power sources in wireless optoelectronics, most of them have still relied on synthetic chemicals, thus limiting their versatile applications. Here, a class of transparent nanocellulose paper microsupercapacitors (TNP‐MSCs) as a beyond‐synthetic‐material strategy is demonstrated. Onto semi‐interpenetrating polymer network‐structured, thiol‐modified transparent nanocellulose paper, a thin layer of silver nanowire and a conducting polymer (chosen as a pseudocapacitive electrode material) are consecutively introduced through microscale‐patterned masks (which are fabricated by electrohydrodynamic jet printing) to produce a transparent conductive electrode (TNP‐TCE) with planar interdigitated structure. This TNP‐TCE, in combination with solid‐state gel electrolytes, enables on‐demand (in‐series/in‐parallel) cell configurations in a single body of TNP‐MSC. Driven by this structural uniqueness and scalable microfabrication, the TNP‐MSC exhibits improvements in optical transparency (T = 85%), areal capacitance (0.24 mF cm−2), controllable voltage (7.2 V per cell), and mechanical flexibility (origami airplane), which exceed those of previously reported transparent MSCs based on synthetic chemicals.
3D Auxetic Metamaterials with Elastically‐Stable Continuous Phase Transition
Authors: Wang Lianchao , Ulliac Gwenn , Wang Bing , Iglesias Martínez Julio A. , Dudek Krzysztof K. , Laude Vincent , Kadic Muamer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn solid state physics, phase transitions can influence material functionality and alter their properties. In mechanical metamaterials, structural‐phase transitions can be achieved through instability or buckling of certain structural elements. However, these fast transitions in one mechanical parameter typically affect significantly the remaining parameters, hence, limiting their applications. Here, this limitation is addressed by designing a novel 3D mechanical metamaterial that is capable of undergoing a phase transition from positive to negative Poisson's ratio under compression, without significant degradation of Young's modulus (i.e. the phase transition is elastically‐stable). The metamaterial is fabricated by two‐photon lithography at the micro‐scale and its mechanical behavior is assessed experimentally. For another choice of structural parameters, it is then shown that the auxetic behavior of the considered 3D metamaterial class can be maintained over a wide range of applied compressive strain.
Protons: Critical Species for Resistive Switching in Interface‐Type Memristors
Authors: Kunwar Sundar , Somodi Chase Bennett , Lalk Rebecca A. , Rutherford Bethany X. , Corey Zachary , Roy Pinku , Zhang Di , Hellenbrand Markus , Xiao Ming , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Jia Quanxi , Wang Haiyan , Joshua Yang J. , Nie Wanyi , Chen Aiping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInterface‐type (IT) resistive switching (RS) memories are promising for next generation memory and computing technologies owing to the filament‐free switching, high on/off ratio, low power consumption, and low spatial variability. Although the switching mechanisms of memristors have been widely studied in filament‐type devices, they are largely unknown in IT memristors. In this work, using the simple Au/Nb:SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) as a model Schottky system, it is identified that protons from moisture are key element in determining the RS characteristics in IT memristors. The Au/Nb:STO devices show typical Schottky interface controlled current–voltage (I–V) curves with a large on/off ratio under ambient conditions. Surprisingly, in a controlled environment without protons/moisture, the large I–V hysteresis collapses with the disappearance of a high resistance state (HRS) and the Schottky barrier. Once the devices are re‐exposed to a humid environment, the typical large I–V hysteresis can be recovered within hours as the HRS and Schottky interface are restored. The RS mechanism in Au/Nb:STO is attributed to the Schottky barrier modulation by a proton assisted electron trapping and detrapping process. This work highlights the important role of protons/moisture in the RS properties of IT memristors and provides fundamental insight for switching mechanisms in metal oxides‐based memory devices.
High‐Performance and Environmentally Robust Multilevel Lead‐Free Organotin Halide Perovskite Memristors
Authors: Liu Zehen , Tang Hao , Cheng Pengpeng , Kang Ruyan , Zhou Jian , Zhao Xian , Zhao Jia , Zuo Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith a striking explosion of digital information, organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OHP) memristors have been regarded as a promising solution to break the von Neumann bottleneck as the nonvolatile computing‐in‐memory architecture. However, toxicity and stability under ambient conditions are two critical issues for practical applications. Here, lead‐free MASnI3 (MASI) perovskites are reported with improved resistive switching (RS) performance via defects passivating by introducing PEACl. In‐Sn/PEACl‐MASI/PEDOT:PSS/ITO memristor arrays (10 × 10) exhibit reproducible RS with low SET/RESET voltage (VSET/VRESET, +0.58/−0.49 V), ultrahigh ON/OFF ratio (8.5 × 103), stable endurance (2 × 103 cycles), excellent retention (2 × 104 s), high device yield (88%), and multilevel storage. RS remains robust in harsh environments, including high temperature and humidity, long‐term light irradiation, and open‐air conditions. Importantly, a complete physical simulation model that quantitatively and accurately describes RS in vacancy concentration, temperature, and electric potential is proposed originating from conductive filaments formation/rupture. Additionally, PEACl‐MASI memristors are successfully fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Si substrates to explore the potential for large‐scale application on different substrates. The PEACl‐MASI memristors provide an opportunity to develop the next generation of high‐performance and environmentally robust multilevel information storage devices.
Phase 2 trial of neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S‐1 for clinical stage III gastric or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kurokawa Yukinori , Kawase Tomono , Takeno Atsushi , Furukawa Haruna , Yoshioka Ryo , Saito Takuro , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Shimokawa Toshio , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough perioperative treatment has been the standard of care for resectable gastric cancer in the West, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is still the standard in Japan. We conducted the first phase 2 trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S‐1 (DOS) chemotherapy for cStage III gastric or esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma in Japan.MethodsEligibility criteria included cStage III adenocarcinoma of the stomach or EGJ. Patients received docetaxel (40 mg/m2, day 1), oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2, day 1), or S‐1 (80 mg/m2, days 1–14) during a 3‐week cycle. After two or three cycles of DOS, patients underwent surgical resection. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS).ResultsBetween June 2015 and March 2019, 50 patients were enrolled from four institutions. Of 48 eligible patients (37 gastric and 11 EGJ adenocarcinoma), 42 (88%) completed two or three DOS cycles. Grade 3–4 neutropenia and diarrhea occurred in 69% and 19% of patients, respectively, but there were no treatment‐related deaths. R0 resection was achieved in 44 (92%) patients, and the pathological response rate (≥ grade 1b) was 63% (30/48). The 3‐year PFS, overall survival, and disease‐specific survival rates were 54.2%, 68.7%, and 75.8%, respectively.ConclusionNeoadjuvant DOS chemotherapy had a sufficient antitumor effect and tolerable safety profile in patients with gastric or EGJ adenocarcinoma. The survival benefit of a neoadjuvant strategy using our DOS regimen should be validated in phase 3 trials.
Improved mechanical stability of indium zinc tin oxide based flexible transparent electrode through interlayer treatment
Authors: Biswas Swarup , Lee Yongju , Jang Hyowon , Han Selim , Kim Hyeok 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to the significant growth of the market for numerous flexible electronic devices, demand for mechanically stable indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO) based flexible transparent electrodes has recently expanded substantially. So, we have attempted to increase the mechanical stability of an IZTO based flexible transparent electrode by forming an ultrathin interlayer of an organic semiconductor polystyrene sulfonate doped polyaniline (PANI:PSS). According to the results of the systematic investigation, the PANI:PSS treated IZTO film can preserve 97.50% of its initial average transmittance (AVT) value (83.07%) after 20,000 bending cycles, but the bare IZTO film can retain only 89.00% of its initial AVT value (86.40%) after the same treatment. Furthermore, the PANI:PSS treatment has benefited in the reduction of IZTO film sheet resistance from 17.38 to 16.91 Ω/sq. Scanning electron microscopy images have indicated that the presence of a PANI:PSS interlayer on the IZTO film prevents the formation of fractures on the inorganic IZTO layer when mechanical stress is applied.
NRF2 in dermo‐cosmetic: From scientific knowledge to skin care products
Authors: Frantz Marie‐Céline , Rozot Roger , Marrot Laurent 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe skin is the organ that is most susceptible to the impact of the exposome. Located at the interface with the external environment, it protects internal organs through the barrier function of the epidermis. It must adapt to the consequences of the harmful effects of solar radiation, the various chemical constituents of atmospheric pollution, and wounds associated with mechanical damage: oxidation, cytotoxicity, inflammation, and so forth. In this biological context, a capacity to adapt to the various stresses caused by the exposome is essential; otherwise, more or less serious conditions may develop accelerated aging, pigmentation disorders, atopy, psoriasis, and skin cancers. Nrf2‐controlled pathways play a key role at this level. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that controls genes involved in oxidative stress protection and detoxification of chemicals. Its involvement in UV protection, reduction of inflammation in processes associated with healing, epidermal differentiation for barrier function, and hair regrowth, has been demonstrated. The modulation of Nrf2 in the skin may therefore constitute a skin protection or care strategy for certain dermatological stresses and disorders initiated or aggravated by the exposome. Nrf2 inducers can act through different modes of action. Keap1‐dependent mechanisms include modification of the cysteine residues of Keap1 by (pro)electrophiles or prooxidants, and disruption of the Keap1–Nrf2 complex. Indirect mechanisms are suggested for numerous phytochemicals, acting on upstream pathways, or via hormesis. While developing novel and safe Nrf2 modulators for skin care may be challenging, new avenues can arise from natural compounds‐based molecular modeling and emerging concepts such as epigenetic regulation.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression of Chinese medical staff after 2 years of COVID‐19: A multicenter study
Authors: Liu Yifang , Fu Wenning , Zou Li , Wen Jing , Zhang Pu , Zhang Jun , Bai Xue , Wang Jing , Mao Jing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn December 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has had a negative psychological impact on the medical staff. However, the long‐term psychological effects of COVID‐19 were still unclear. We aimed to assess the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among medical staff 2 years after COVID‐19 pandemic in Wuhan, China.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter study in five general hospitals in Wuhan, China. PTSD was assessed using the PTSD Checklist‐5. Depression was measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association among demographic variables, depressive indicators, and PTSD.ResultsIn a sample of 1795 medical staff, 295 (16.40%) participants reported PTSD and 329 (18.30%) reported depression. After multivariate adjusted logistic regression analyses, participants involved in COVID‐19 clinical work, unsafe working environment, poor doctor–patient relationship, unhealth status, work dissatisfaction, and low family support were at a high risk for PTSD and depression 2 years after the outbreak of COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionsAlthough it has been more than 2 years after the COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak, the mental health of medical staff remains a concern. In particular, medical staff involved in the clinical care of COVID‐19 patients showed a higher risk of PTSD and depression 2 years after the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study may provide some useful suggestions for psychological interventions for medical staff.
The function of chitosan/agarose biopolymer on Fe2O3 nanoparticles and evaluation of their effects on MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line and expression of BCL2 and BAX genes
Authors: Nouri Hajbaba Maral , Pourmadadi Mehrab , Yazdian Fatemeh , Rashedi Hamid , Abdouss Majid , Zhohrabi Dina Sadat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, magnetic nanoparticles modified with biocompatible polymers have been recognized as a suitable tool for treating breast cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the function of chitosan/agarose‐functionalized Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line and the expression of BCL2 and BAX genes. Free Fe2O3 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. FTIR, XRD, SEM, DLS, VSM, and zeta potential analyses determined the size and morphological characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles. The effect of Fe2O3 free nanoparticles and formulated Fe2O3 nanoparticles on induction of apoptosis was studied by double‐dye Annexin V‐FITC and PI. Also, the gene expression results using the PCR method displayed that Fe2O3 formulated nanoparticles induced BAX apoptosis by increasing the anti‐apoptotic gene expression and decreasing the expression of pro‐apoptotic gene BCL2, so the cell progresses to planned cell death. In addition, the results showed that the BAX/BCL2 ratio decreased significantly after treatment of MCF‐7 cells with free Fe2O3 nanoparticles, and the BAX/BCL2 ratio for Fe2O3 formulated nanoparticles increased significantly. Also, to evaluate cell migration, the scratch test was performed, which showed a decrease in motility of MCF‐7 cancer cells treated with Fe2O3 nanoparticles formulated with chitosan/agarose at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml.