bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sparse Approximation of Triangular Transports, Part II: The Infinite-Dimensional Case
Authors: Zech Jakob , Marzouk Youssef 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor two probability measures $${\rho }$$
ρ
and $${\pi }$$
π
on $$[-1,1]^{{\mathbb {N}}}$$

[
-
1
,
1
]

N

we investigate the approximation of the triangular Knothe–Rosenblatt transport $$T:[-1,1]^{{\mathbb {N}}}\rightarrow [-1,1]^{{\mathbb {N}}}$$

T
:

[
-
1
,
1
]

N

→

[
-
1
,
1
]

N

that pushes forward $${\rho }$$
ρ
to $${\pi }$$
π
. Under suitable assumptions, we show that T can be approximated by rational functions without suffering from the curse of dimension. Our results are applicable to posterior measures arising in certain inference problems where the unknown belongs to an (infinite dimensional) Banach space. In particular, we show that it is possible to efficiently approximately sample from certain high-dimensional measures by transforming a lower-dimensional latent variable.
A comparison of a single bout of stretching or foam rolling on range of motion in healthy adults
Authors: Konrad Andreas , Nakamura Masatoshi , Paternoster Florian K. , Tilp Markus , Behm David G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Stretching and foam rolling are common warm-up exercises and can acutely increase the range of motion (ROM) of a joint. However, possible differences in the magnitude of change on ROM between these two interventions on the immediate and prolonged effects (e.g., 10 min after the intervention) are not yet well understood. Thus, the purpose of this review was to compare the immediate and prolonged effects of a single bout of foam rolling with a single bout of stretching on ROM in healthy participants.

Methods
In total, 20 studies with overall 38 effect sizes were found to be eligible for a meta-analysis. For the main analysis, subgroup analysis, we applied a random-effect meta-analysis, mixed-effect model, respectively. The subgroup analyses included age groups, sex, and activity levels of the participants, as well as the tested muscles, the duration of the application, and the study design.

Results
Meta-analyses revealed no significant differences between a single stretching and foam rolling exercise immediately after the interventions (ES = 0.079; P = 0.39) nor a difference 10 min (ES =  − 0.051; P = 0.65), 15 min (ES =  − 0.011; P = 0.93), and 20 min (ES =  − 0.161; P = 0.275) post-intervention. Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed no other significant differences between the acute effects of stretching and foam rolling (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
If the goal is to increase the ROM acutely, both interventions can be considered as equally effective. Likely, similar mechanisms are responsible for the acute and prolonged ROM increases such as increased stretch tolerance or increased soft-tissue compliance.
A decontamination strategy for resolving SARS-CoV-2 amplicon contamination in a next-generation sequencing laboratory
Authors: Mwangi Peter , Mogotsi Milton , Ogunbayo Ayodeji , Mooko Teboho , Maringa Wairimu , Sondlane Hlengiwe , Nkwadipo Kelebogile , Adelabu Olusesan , Bester Philip Armand , Goedhals Dominique , Nyaga Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) amplicon contamination was discovered due to next-generation sequencing (NGS) reads mapping in the negative controls. Environmental screening was undertaken to determine the source of contamination, which was suspected to be evaporation during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays while using the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ARTIC protocol. A decontamination strategy is hereby documented to assist laboratories that may experience similar amplicon contamination. Routine molecular laboratory environmental screening as a quality control is highly recommended.
Tumorprothesenversorgung der unteren Extremität inklusive Wachstumsprothesen bei Jugendlichen bis 16 Jahren
Authors: Engel N. M. , Streitbürger A. , Nottrott M. , Podleska L. , Guder W. K. , Hardes J. , Röder J. 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Tumorprothesen werden mit guten Langzeitergebnissen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Knochentumoren implantiert und ermöglichen meist einen langfristigen Extremitätenerhalt. Ebenso finden 3‑D-gedruckte Individualimplantate zunehmend Anwendung.

Fragestellung
Mit diesem Beitrag wird eine Übersicht zu kindlichen und jugendlichen Knochentumoren und deren chirurgischer Behandlung gegeben. Aufgrund der Verteilungshäufigkeit der kindlichen und jugendlichen Knochentumoren mit einer Häufung im Bereich der unteren Extremität liegt der Schwerpunkt dieses Beitrags auf diesem Bereich.

Methodik
Es erfolgte die systematische Literaturrecherche bei PubMed sowie die Darstellung anhand der zentrumsinternen Erfahrungen.

Ergebnisse
Knochentumoren bei Kindern und Jugendlichen finden sich zumeist kniegelenknah. Die Verwendung von modularen Tumorprothesen stellt heutzutage die Therapie der Wahl dar, mit der in der Mehrzahl der Fälle ein langfristiger Extremitätenerhalt erreicht werden kann. Mittels Wachstumsprothesen kann bei jüngeren Kindern versucht werden, einer großen Beinlängendifferenz entgegenzuwirken. 3‑D-gedruckte Individualimplantate kommen zunehmend zum Einsatz. Generell haben Tumorprothesen eine höhere Komplikationsrate als primäre Endoprothesen. Die am häufigsten auftretenden Komplikationen und daraus folgende Revisionseingriffe im Langzeit-Follow-up sind periprothetische Infektionen, Prothesenverschleiß und aseptische Lockerungen.
Diagnostic accuracy of physical examination findings for midfacial fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rozema Romke , Doff Michiel H. J. , Delli Konstantina , Spijkervet Frederik K. L. , van Minnen Baucke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of physical examination findings and related clinical decision aids for midfacial fractures in comparison to computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography.

Material and methods
A systematic review was performed by searching the MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each physical examination finding and reported clinical decision aids.

Results
After screening 2367 records, 12 studies were included. High risk of patient selection bias was detected in three studies (25%). Additionally, high concerns regarding applicability were found for the patient selection in five studies (41.7%), and for the reference standard in eleven studies (91.7%). Of the total 42 individual physical examination findings, only 31 were suitable for a meta-analysis. High specificity and low sensitivity were found for most findings. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio ranged from 1.07 to 11.38. Clinical decision aids were reported by 8 studies, but none were constructed specifically for midfacial fractures.

Conclusion
Based on the current available evidence, the absence of physical examination findings can successfully identify patients who do not have a midfacial fracture, but the presence of individual findings does not necessarily mean that the patient has a midfacial fracture. Although various clinical decision aids were presented, none focused on exclusively midfacial fractures.

Clinical relevance
The diagnostic accuracy of physical examination findings can be used to diagnose a midfacial fracture so as to reduce unnecessary imaging, health care costs, and exposure to ionizing radiation.
Protection of material applied in heat exchanger under submerged jet impingement condition with Boswellia serrata: electrochemical approach
Authors: Lavanya M. , Murthy V. Ramachandra , Rao Padmalatha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Erosion–corrosion of 6061 aluminum alloy was attenuated with a green inhibitor Boswellia serrata (BWS) under submerged jet impingement condition by using artificial seawater slurry. Erosion–corrosion rates in the absence and in the presence of inhibitor were achieved by potentiodynamic polarization techniques (PDP). Experiments were performed under the varying concentration of inhibitor at different flow rates and temperatures. Conditions were optimized to obtain maximum inhibition efficiency. Mechanistic aspects of the corrosion and inhibition process were studied in detail by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique by correlating the data with appropriate equivalent circuit models. Adsorption of inhibitor was confirmed by surface morphology studies using scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM). Suitable mechanism was proposed for corrosion inhibition process. The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in its concentration and it decreased with an increase in the flow rate and temperature. The inhibition efficiency of 70% was obtained for 1000 ppm of inhibitor at 303 K at the flow rate of 4 L min−1. It was proved that the mechanism of corrosion inhibition under this tribological condition is charge transfer controlled. The effect of hydrodynamics on the inhibitor efficiency of Boswellia serrata extract was remarkable. Boswellia serrata emerged as an efficient green inhibitor of erosion–corrosion control of 6061 aluminum alloy under submerged jet impingement conditions.

Graphical abstract
Candidemia in Internal Medicine: Facing the New Challenge
Authors: Brescini Lucia , Mazzanti Sara , Morroni Gianluca , Pallotta Francesco , Masucci Annamaria , Orsetti Elena , Montalti Roberto , Barchiesi Francesco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCandidemia is an alarming problem in critically ill patients including those admitted in Internal Medicine Wards (IMWs). Here, we analyzed all cases of candidemia in adult patients hospitalized over nine years (2010–2018) in IMWs of a 980-bedded University Hospital of Ancona, Italy. During the study period, 218/505 (43%) episodes of candidemia occurred in IMWs patients. The cumulative incidence was 2.5/1000 hospital admission and increased significantly over time (p = 0.013). Patients were predominantly male, with a median age of 68 years. Cardiovascular diseases and solid tumors were the most frequent comorbidities. Candida albicans accounted for 51% of the cases, followed by C. parapsilosis (25%), C. tropicalis (9%) and C. glabrata (7%). Thirty-day mortality was 28% and did not increased significantly over time. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of neutropenia (OR 7.247 [CI95% 1,368–38,400; p = 0.020]), pneumonia (OR 2.323 [CI95% 1,105–4,884; p = 0.026]), and being infected with C. albicans (OR 2.642 [95% CI 1,223–5,708; p = 0.013) emerged as independent predictors of mortality. The type of antifungal therapy did not influence the outcome. Overall, these data indicate that patients admitted to IMWs are increasingly at higher risk of developing candidemia. Mortality rate remains high and significantly associated with both microbiologic- and host-related factors.
The transparency challenge of blockchain in organizations
Authors: Sedlmeir Johannes , Lautenschlager Jonathan , Fridgen Gilbert , Urbach Nils 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This position paper discusses the challenges of blockchain applications in businesses and the public sector related to an excessive degree of transparency. We first point out the types of sensitive data involved in different patterns of blockchain use cases. We then argue that the implications of blockchains’ information exposure caused by replicated transaction storage and execution go well beyond the often-mentioned conflicts with the GDPR’s “right to be forgotten” and may be more problematic than anticipated. In particular, we illustrate the trade-off between protecting sensitive information and increasing process efficiency through smart contracts. We also explore to which extent permissioned blockchains and novel applications of cryptographic technologies such as self-sovereign identities and zero-knowledge proofs can help overcome the transparency challenge and thus act as catalysts for blockchain adoption and diffusion in organizations.
Impact of karstification in trapping mechanisms of CO2 storage
Authors: Amin Sharidah Mohd , Tiwari Raj Deo , Widyanita Ana , Chidambaram Prasanna , Ali Siti Syareena Mohd , Mazeli Abd Hakim , Tan Chee Phuat , Hamid M. Khaidhir A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA carbonate-depleted carbonate gas field located offshore Sarawak has been identified as potential candidate for CO2 sequestration site in conjunction with another high CO2 gas field development for commercialization efforts. The field has undergone a feasibility study to evaluate potential geochemical reactions specifically on trapping mechanisms and storage capacity associated with CO2 injection. A detail 3D reactive transport modelling study was conducted to quantify on the four different trapping mechanism: structural, residual, solubility, and mineral trapping during and post-injection. The model was developed by first converted the available field history matched black oil simulation model into compositional 3D model, in which CO2 is treated as separate component in the reservoir through the production and injection processes. The study covered 22 years of gas production history forecast followed by 27 years of injection and 1000 years of post-CO2 injection in the gas column reservoir. The results show that the field has potential to store and sequestrate CO2 up to for 79% structural trapping, 19% residual trapping, 3% solubility trapping and no mineral trapping after 1000 years of post-injection period.
COVID-19 pandemic and mortality in nursing homes across USA and Europe up to October 2021
Authors: Aalto Ulla L. , Pitkälä Kaisu H. , Andersen-Ranberg Karen , Bonin-Guillaume Sylvie , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso Jose , Eriksdotter Maria , Gordon Adam L. , Gosch Markus , Holmerova Iva , Kautiainen Hannu , Kivipelto Miia , Macijauskiene Jurate , O’Neill Desmond , van den Noortgate Nele , Ranhoff Anette H. , Schols Jos M. G. A. , Singler Katrin , Stankunas Mindaugas , Ouslander Joseph G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We compared the prevalence of COVID-19 and related mortality in nursing homes (NHs) in 14 countries until October 2021. We explored the relationship between COVID-19 mortality in NHs with the average size of NHs and with the COVID-19 deaths at a population level.

Methods
The total number of COVID-19 cases and COVID-19-related deaths in all NHs as well as the total number of NHs and NH beds were provided by representatives of 14 countries. The population level respective figures in each country were provided up to October 2021.

Results
There was a wide variation in prevalence of COVID-19 cases and deaths between countries. We observed a significant correlation between COVID-19 deaths in NHs and that of the total population and between the mean size of NHs and COVID-19 deaths.

Conclusion
Side-by-side comparisons between countries allow international sharing of good practice to better enable future pandemic preparedness.
Using camera traps to study hyenas: challenges, opportunities, and outlook
Authors: Dheer Arjun , Samarasinghe Dinal , Dloniak Stephanie M. , Braczkowski Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of remote camera traps has accelerated rapidly in the field of large carnivore science since the 1990s. Members of the Hyaenidae are important components of functional ecosystems in Africa and parts of the Middle East and South Asia, and make good candidates for study using camera traps. However, camera trap studies of hyenas remain rare in the literature when compared to species like tigers Panthera tigris, leopards Panthera pardus, and snow leopards Panthera uncia. In this paper, we examine the published use of camera traps for hyenas (n = 34 studies implemented between 2007 and 2020) and examine the logistical challenges of using camera traps, such as individual identification, limited sexual dimorphism, and complex social structures, for studies of hyena population biology, behavioral ecology, and conservation. We highlight what these challenges may mean for data analyses and interpretation. We also suggest potential benefits of further camera trap studies of this taxonomic family, including new insights into social behavior, range extensions, and robust density estimates.
Phytoestrogenic Potential of Resveratrol by Selective Activation of Estrogen Receptor-α in Osteoblast Cells
Authors: Shah Aarti Abhishek , Shah Abhishek , Kumar Avinash , Lakra Amardeep , Singh Divya , Nayak Yogendra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResveratrol obtained in grape seed and skin is structurally similar to a synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol. The endogenous estrogen, 17β-estradiol, induces cellular responses by binding to the estrogen receptor alpha and beta. The bone fracture due to decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women is linked to reduced estrogen. The adverse drug reactions of hormone replacement therapy warrant identifying unique natural compounds with ER-subtype specificity to improve bone health. Resveratrol is considered a phytoestrogen; however, its isoform selectivity has not yet been established on osteoblast cell lines. Therefore, in vitro and in silico docking studies were performed to analyze the binding affinity and selectivity of resveratrol towards receptor alpha and β-isoforms. Resveratrol was evaluated for its actions on the proliferation and differentiation in the primary rat calvarial osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Osteoblasts specifically increased receptor alpha expression in rat calvarial osteoblasts cells; however, there was no effect on receptor beta expression. In silico studies further confirmed receptor alpha isoform specificity. The observed differences in the orientation, interaction pattern, and binding affinity of resveratrol at the active site of receptor alpha and beta are supported by the western blot analysis. The estrogen mimetic action of resveratrol suggests its therapeutic potential as a bone anabolic agent for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Experimental participatory methodology brings local pasts to contemporary climate action
Authors: Kerr Sarah , Krogh Uffe , Riede Felix 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a Danish case study area experiencing cultural and natural environmental changes exacerbated by anthropogenic climate change. It describes and evaluates an experimental methodology that was developed to create and support engagement between the local community and climate action in the case study area. The methodology draws upon approaches and concepts from the research fields of environmental history, community archaeology and socio-hydrology. It is argued that this bespoke community-based, historical socio-hydrology methodology both bridges disciplinary divides and aids transdisciplinary collaboration with non-academic sectors. The methodology’s strengths lie in its use of narratives that are new to the audience, highly localised and concretely anchored in the landscape. This effectively engaged the community in climate communication and climate action within the local area. It is proposed that this methodology can be adapted for other case studies to support technocratic approaches to climate action.
The impact of neonatal parameters and parental factors on body fat level in early childhood
Authors: Kryst Łukasz , Żegleń Magdalena , Gał Maria , Woronkowicz Agnieszka , Kowal Małgorzata 
Published: March 2022

AbstractParental and pregnancy characteristics can affect proportions and tissue composition of the child’s bodyand thereforecan influence their present and future health, as well as overall wellbeing. The aim of this study was to examine the differences between selected parental and birth-related parameters among preschool (3-7 years of age) children of varying adiposity status (n=541 girls and n=571 boys).The research was carried out in 20 randomly selected kindergartens in Krakow (Poland). Thickness of 6 skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal and calf) was measured. Sum of skinfolds was calculated and participants were divided into low, normal or high body fat groups. Birth-related characteristics were obtained using a questionnaire filled out by the children’s parents. Children of mothers who gained the most gestational weight were characterised by high adiposity. Preschoolers with the highest birth weight, body length and head circumference had the greatest adiposity. Children of relatively younger mothers had higher body fat, in comparison to the rest of the study group. Parents of preschoolers in the high adiposity category were characterised by a greater body mass, compared to the parents of children in other body fat groups and that boys with the highest adiposity relatively more often had a close relative with obesity. Children in varying adiposity categories differed in terms of some birth-related factors. Particular attention should be paid to familial and parental characteristics, because they may influence the child’s predisposition to excess adiposity deposition later in life.
Evaluation of two heterologous recombinant antigens for the serological diagnosis of human polycystic echinococcosis
Authors: Daipert-Garcia D. , Virginio V.G. , Oliveira F.B. , Siqueira N.G. , Ferreira H.B. , Rodrigues-Silva R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Polycystic echinococcosis (PE) is a zoonosis endemic in the Neotropical region of the Americas. It is caused by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus vogeli, which develops as harmful cysts that slowly grow in the liver, lungs and other organs of humans and other host species. Human PE diagnosis is usually based on clinical and epidemiological aspects and imaging techniques, often requiring confirmation by immunological assays. The currently available serological tests for detecting antibodies against Echinococcus spp. are mostly based on complex, variable and poorly characterized mixtures of native parasite antigens, which impairs specificity and/or sensitivity. In this scenario, the evaluation of well-characterized alternative antigens is urgently needed for the improvement of PE diagnosis. Here, two subunits (AgB8/1 and AgB8/2) of the major secretory antigen from Echinococcus granulosus (antigen B (AgB)), of diagnostic value for cystic echinococcosis, were validated for PE diagnosis. These antigens, produced as pure recombinant proteins (rAgB8/1 and rAgB8/2) in Escherichia coli, allowed detecting specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in sera from PE patients in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with sensitivities of 83.72% and 81.40%, respectively, and specificities of 83.12% and 80.09%, respectively. The use of recombinant proteins overcomes difficulties to obtain parasite material and reduced non-specific reactions and costs. Our results demonstrated reproducibility and accuracy high enough to be considered valid according to the acceptance criteria for Food and Drug Administration assay validation. This qualifies rAgB8/1 and rAgB8/2 as potential substitutes for the currently used parasite crude or partially purified antigens.
First record of the caridean shrimp family Chlorotocellidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Korea
Authors: Park Jin-Ho , De Grave Sammy , Park Taeseo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe caridean shrimp family Chlorotocellidae has so far not been reported from Korean waters. One of the four genera in the family is herein reported, based on the species Anachlorocurtis commensalis. Specimens were collected from antipatharian black corals by scuba diving at depths ranging from 20–60 m from three localities: Jejudo Island (33°13′N) between the South Sea of Korea and the north-eastern East China Sea, Namhyeongjedo Islet (34°53′N) in the Korea Strait, and Dokdo Island (37°15′N) in the East Sea. The species had previously been reported in tropical to subtropical latitudes in the western Pacific, with known records from southern Taiwan (up to 21°55′N) to central Japan (down to 34°50′N). The species is thus recorded for the first time from a temperate region in the western Pacific Ocean, postulated to be influenced by a branch of the Kuroshio Warm Current.