bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF ELEPHANT RIDING AT THE ZOO
Authors: Srie Rahayu Sata Yoshida , Priatna Dolly , Rosadi Rosadi , Suryanto Suryanto 
Published: April 2022

Elephant Riding (ER) in zoos has become a matter of public interest, raising debates among experts regarding animal ethics, elephants’ welfare, and human safety. Through the submission of the Middle Hypothesis that ER tends to enhance human knowledge about conservation, this study’s aim is to provide strategies to help zoo managements in their works based on the basic principles of wildlife conservation and protection, especially Sumatran elephants. The participants’ knowledge was measured using questionnaires distributed to two groups of respondents: people who have and people who have not utilized ER services. Meanwhile, the strategy was recommended through the Analytical Hierarchy Process of 17 expert respondents. According to the independent sample t-test performed with 95% confidence level, human knowledge of elephant conservation increased significantly through ER. Furthermore, experts with consistency ratios (CR) ≤ 0.1 selected a strategy where environmental quality was prioritized as a recommended strategy in ER management. This strategy is to put forward the principles guaranteeing the elephants’ welfare, which has a criterion weight of 0.40717. The other recommended strategies include conducting conservation education (0.23973), ensuring the safety of visitors (0.22972), and improving the welfare of the community around zoo (0.12338).
MINING FIRE HOTSPOTS OVER NUSA TENGGARA AND BALI ISLANDS
Authors: Vatresia Arie , Regen Rendra , Utama Ferzha Putra , Oktariani Widhia 
Published: April 2022

Forest fires are still one of the most common problems in Indonesia. In fact, many of these forest fires origin from human activities, namely fires that are intentionally raised for a purpose such as widening the land to prepare for the planting season in the Nusa Tenggara Island. Forest fire events can be identified by observing hotspot data which are monitored through remote sensing satellites. Hotspot is an area that has a relatively higher surface temperature than the surrounding area based on certain temperature thresholds monitored by remote sensing satellites. The area is represented as a point that has certain coordinates. The actual fires can be monitored by observing the hotspot attribute, namely Confidence, Brightness Temperature and FRP (Fire Radiate Power). To find the similarities of the three mentioned attributes, the clustering process is carried out to make monitoring easier. The objective of this research is to cluster hotspots in the Nusa Tenggara and Bali Islands from year 2013 to 2018 using the K-Means Clustering Method with 28,519 hot spot data. This could be a benefit for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in Indonesia to identify the priority level of the area to be monitored. By knowing this result, the ministry can use this data for patrol priority management. This research successfully clustered three types of hotspot classes based on the risk of fire with details as follow; High Risk Class contains 12,212 data with ranges of mean values of confidence in the range of 49.3–100%, brightness in the range of 305.1–421.3o K and FRP in the range of 2.5–714.3; Medium Risk contains 12,250 data mean values of confidence with a range of 20.3–74.3%, brightness in the range of 301.06–341.86o K and FRP in the range of 3.6–141.4; and Low Risk contains 4,057 data with a range of mean values of confidence in the range of 0–39.8%, brightness in the range of 300–365.86oK and FRP in the range of 3.5–275.6. All of the clusters were obtained by the implementation of K-Means clustering over the hotspot data and its parameter as mentioned, respectively. The cluster performance showed the confidential value of 88.45% accuracy using 100 hotspot data from 2019
El comercio transfronterizo al menudeo entre Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua y El Paso, Texas
Authors: Fuentes Flores César M. 
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el impacto del comercio transfronterizo al menudeo, para ello se busca estimar el gasto por sector en ambos lados de la conurbación transfronteriza de Ciudad Juárez-El Paso. La estimación del gasto se realizó con la información proporcionada por la encuesta transfronteriza a usuarios de puentes internacionales, durante el periodo octubre-diciembre de 2019. Los resultados muestran que los gastos que realizaron los residentes en México que cruzaron a Estados Unidos fueron de 177 700 000 de dólares y los de Estados Unidos que cruzaron a México 141 200 000, durante el último trimestre de 2019. Los residentes en México señalan que sus principales motivos de cruce son compras, trabajo y la escuela y los residentes de Estados Unidos para asistir a reuniones familiares, consulta médica o dental y compra de medicinas. Por lo anterior, se concluye que la integración entre ambas ciudades es parcial.
The Role of Cell-derived Microparticles in Cardiovascular Diseases: Current
Concepts
Authors: Stampouloglou Panagiota K. , Siasos Gerasimos , Bletsa Evanthia , Oikonomou Evangelos , Vogiatzi Georgia , Kalogeras Konstantinos , Katsianos Efstratios , Vavuranakis Michael-Andrew , Souvaliotis Nektarios , Vavuranakis Manolis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries.
Microparticles (MPs) are small vesicles originating from the cell membrane as a result of various stimuli
and particularly of biological processes that constitute the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, such as endothelial
damage. They form vesicles that can transfer various molecules and signals to remote target cells without
direct cell-to-cell interaction. Circulating microparticles have been associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Therefore, many studies have been designed to further investigate the role of microparticles as biomarkers for
diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring. To this concept, the pro-thrombotic and atherogenic potential of
platelets and endothelial-derived MPs have gained research interest, especially concerning accelerated atherosclerosis
and triggering as well as prognosis of an acute coronary syndrome. MPs, especially those of endothelial
origin, have been investigated in different clinical scenarios of heart failure and in association with left ventricular
loading conditions. Finally, most cardiovascular risk factors present unique features in the circulating
MPs population, highlighting their pathophysiologic link to cardiovascular disease progression. In this review
article, we present a synopsis of the biogenesis and characteristics of microparticles, as well as the most recent
data concerning their implication in cardiovascular settings.
NMDA Inhibitors: A Potential Contrivance to Assist in Management of
Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Painuli Sakshi , Semwal Prabhakar , Zam Wissam , Taheri Yasaman , Ezzat Shahira M. , Zuo Peijun , Li Liping , Kumar Dileep , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Cruz-Martins Natália 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative disease that attracts
the attention of researchers and medical community in order to develop new, safe and more
effective drugs. Currently available drugs could only slow the AD progression and relieve the
symptoms, in addition to being linked to moderate-to-severe side effects. N-methyl D-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors antagonists were reported to have the ability to block the glutamate-mediated
excitotoxic activity being good therapeutic targets for several neurodegenerative diseases, including
AD. Based on data obtained so far, this review provides an overview over the use of NMDA
antagonists for AD treatment, starting with a key emphasis on present features and future aspects
regarding the use of NMDA antagonists for AD, and lastly a key focus is also given on its use in
precision medicine.
A Pipeline for the Development of Microsatellite Markers using Next
Generation Sequencing Data
Authors: Antunes Adriana Maria , Stival Júlio Gabriel Nunes , Targueta Cíntia Pelegrineti , de Campos Telles Mariana Pires , Soares Thannya Nascimento 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Also known as Simple Sequence Repetitions (SSRs), microsatellites are profoundly
informative molecular markers and powerful tools in genetics and ecology studies on plants.

Objective:
This research presents a workflow for developing microsatellite markers using genome
skimming.

Methods:
The pipeline was proposed in several stages that must be performed sequentially: obtaining
DNA sequences, identifying microsatellite regions, designing primers, and selecting candidate microsatellite
regions to develop the markers. Our pipeline efficiency was analyzed using Illumina sequencing
data from the non-model tree species Pterodon emarginatus Vog.

Results:
The pipeline revealed 4,382 microsatellite regions and drew 7,411 pairs of primers for P.
emarginatus. However, a much larger number of microsatellite regions with the potential to develop
markers were discovered from our pipeline. We selected 50 microsatellite regions with high potential
for developing markers and organized 29 microsatellite regions in sets for multiplex PCR.

Conclusions:
The proposed pipeline is a powerful tool for fast and efficient development of microsatellite
markers on a large scale in several species, especially nonmodel plant species.
Genomic and Bioinformatic Resources for Perennial Fruit Species
Authors: Grimplet Jérôme 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
In the post-genomic era, data management and development of bioinformatic tools are critical for the adequate exploitation of genomics data. In this review, we address the actual situation for the subset of crops represented by the perennial fruit species. The agronomical singularity of these species compared to plant and crop model species provides significant challenges on the implementation of good practices generally not addressed in other species. Studies are usually performed over several years in non-controlled environments, usage of rootstock is common, and breeders heavily relies on vegetative propagation. A reference genome is now available for all the major species as well as many members of the economically important genera for breeding purposes. Development of pangenome for these species is beginning to gain momentum which will require a substantial effort in term of bioinformatic tool development. The available tools for genome annotation and functional analysis will also be presented.
A Review: Molecular Mechanism of Regulation of ABCA1 Expression
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Atanasov Atanas G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) protein plays an essential role in a variety of events, such as cholesterol and phospholipid efflux, nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biosynthesis, phospholipid translocation. Thus, there has been much research activity aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms of regulating ABCA1 expression. In this review, we first discuss ABCA1 structure, tissue distribution, cellular localization and trafficking, as well as its function. Furthermore, current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of ABCA1 expression are summarized.

ABCA1 transcriptional regulation is mediated by a very complicated system, including nuclear receptor systems, factors binding to other sites in the ABCA1 promoter, cytokines, hormones, growth factors, lipid metabolites, enzymes, and other messengers/factors/pathways. In addition, ABCA1 post-transcriptional regulation is mediated by microRNA, long noncoding RNA, RNA-binding proteins, proteases, fatty acids, PDZ proteins, signaling proteins, and other factors. Compared to the transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 which is well established, the post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 expression is poorly understood.
Combinational Approaches Targeting Various Aspects Involved in Intestinal
Barrier Dysfunction-Induced Anxiety
Authors: Kale Pravin Popatrao , Pallar Anita Murugan 
Published: April 2022

Abstracts:
Anxiety disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. The high prevalence of comorbid gastrointestinal disorders and anxiety, as well as various limitations in current therapy, have necessitated the search for alternative techniques. The Gut-Brain Axis is the connecting link between the gut and the brain. One of the reasons for the Gut-Brain Axis malfunction resulting in HPA axis stimulation and anxiety is intestinal barrier dysfunction. Gut microorganisms, lipopoly-saccharides, and other factors can stimulate the disruption of this intestinal barrier. Tight junction proteins, the epithelial barrier, the mucosal membrane, the Toll-like receptor/Myeloid differentia-tion factor 88 pathway, the activated immune system, and the HPA axis could all be potential tar-gets for anxiety caused by intestinal barrier disruption. Quercetin and Rebamipide, Berberine and Agomelatine, Angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers, and Lubiprostone can act on these targets to provide an anxiolytic effect.
Targeting AMPK Signaling in the Liver: Implications for Obesity and
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Doudou , Yang Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as common metabolic diseases, are patho-logically characterized by overnutrition and insulin resistance (IR), which subsequently lead to glu-cose and lipid metabolism disorders. The liver, a major metabolic organ of the body, integrates hormone and metabolic signals to regulate the synthesis of lipids and glucose as well as their transport to peripheral tissues, hence playing an essential role in the development of obesity and T2DM. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central regulator in-volved in cellular and organismal metabolism in eukaryotes, which activates processes that produce ATP and diminishes its consumption. In addition, AMPK also regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and promotes autophagy, both of which are associated with the pathogenesis of IR. Therefore, in-creasing AMPK activity is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity and T2DM. In this review, we summarize the role of hepatic AMPK in obesity and T2DM and the po-tential of using AMPK activators as therapeutics for metabolic disorders.
Inhibitors Targeting Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Entry
Authors: da Silva Santos-Júnior Paulo Fernando , de Araújo-Júnior João Xavier , da Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Infections caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affect around 70 million people
worldwide, leading to serious liver problems, such as fibrosis, steatosis, and cirrhosis, in addition
to progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma and becoming globally the main cause of liver disease.
Despite great therapeutic advances in obtaining pan-genotypic direct-acting antivirals (DAAs),
around 5-10% of affected individuals are unable to eliminate the virus by their own immune system’s
activity. Still, there are no licensed vaccines so far. In this context, the orchestrated process
of virus entry into host cells is a crucial step in the life cycle and the infectivity capability of most
viruses. In recent years, the entry of viruses has become one of the main druggable targets used
for designing effective antiviral molecules. This goal has come to be widely studied to develop
pharmacotherapeutic strategies against HCV, combined or not with DAAs in multitarget approaches.
Among the inhibitors found in the literature, ITX 5061 corresponds to the most effective
one, with EC50 and CC50 values of 0.25 nM and >10 μM (SI: 10,000), respectively. This SRBI
antagonist completed the phase I trial, constituting a promising compound against HCV. Interestingly,
chlorcyclizine (an antihistamine drug) showed action both in E1 apolipoproteins (EC50
and CC50 values of 0.0331 and 25.1 μM, respectively), as well as in NPC1L1 (IC50 and CC50 values
of 2.3 nM and > 15 μM, respectively). Thus, this review will discuss promising inhibitors targeting
HCV entry, discussing their SAR analyzes, recent contributions, and advances in this field.
Recent Updates on the Anticancer Activity of Quinoxaline Hybrids (Jan.
2017-Jan. 2022)
Authors: Feng Lian-Shun , Gao Chuan , Liu Fa-Wu , Wang Xiao-Ping , Zhang Zhi-Liu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Cancer being one of the leading causes of death among non-communicable diseases, has already posed a heavy burden on the world health system. Chemotherapy is one of the most effec-tive approaches for cancer treatment, but multidrug resistance, lack of efficacy, and toxic side ef-fects hamper efficacious cancer chemotherapy, creating an urgent need to develop novel, more ef-fective and less toxic anticancer therapeutics. Quinoxalines, as fascinating structures, constitute an important class of heterocycles in drug discovery. Quinoxaline hybrids could exert anticancer ac-tivity through diverse mechanisms and possess profound in vitro and in vivo efficacy against vari-ous cancers, including multidrug-resistant forms. Thus, quinoxaline hybrids represent useful tem-plates for the control and eradication of cancer. The purpose of the present review article is to pro-vide an emphasis on the recent developments (Jan. 2017-Jan. 2022) in quinoxaline hybrids with in-sights into their in vitro and in vivo anticancer potential as well as structure-activity relationships (SARs) to facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates.
Implications of COVID-19 to Stroke Medicine: An Epidemiological and
Pathophysiological Perspective
Authors: King Alan , Doyle Karen M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The neurological complications of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) including stroke have
been documented in the recent literature. COVID-19-related inflammation is suggested to contribute to
both a hypercoagulable state and haemorrhagic transformation, including in younger individuals.
COVID-19 is associated with a heightened risk of ischaemic stroke. Haemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19
patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST)
accounts for <1% of stroke cases in the general population but has come to heightened public attention
due to the increased risk associated with adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines. However, recent evidence
suggests the prevalence of stroke is less in vaccinated individuals than in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients.
This review evaluates the current evidence of COVID-19-related ischaemic and haemorrhagic
stroke, with a focus on current epidemiology and inflammatory-linked pathophysiology in the field of
vascular neurology and stroke medicine.
Plasma Free Amino Acid Profile in HIV-Positive Cases
Authors: Binici Irfan , Alp Hamit Hakan , Karsen Hasan , Koyuncu Ismail , Gonel Ataman , Çelik Hakim , Karahocagil Mustafa Kasım 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Increasing the sensitivity and availability of liquid chromatography tandem
mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) devices may provide advantages in terms of revealing the
changes in metabolic pathways in HIV-positive patients and elucidating the physiopathology.

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to determine the difference in amino acid levels between
HIV-positive patients and healthy individuals by using LC-MS / MS and investigate its relationship
with HIV infection.

Material and Methods:
Concentrations of 36 different amino acids and their derivatives were
measured and compared in venous plasma samples from 24 HIV-positive patients and 24 healthy
individuals by using the LC-MS/MS method (Shimadzu North America, Columbia, MD, USA).

Results:
HIV-positive subjects had significantly lower alanine, 1-methyl-L-histidine, valine, aspartate,
cysteine, cystine, methionine, lysine, glutamine, imino acid, tyrosine, tryptophan, threonine,
sarcosine, and argininosuccinic acid and significantly higher 3-methyl-L -histidine, asparagine,
glutamate, and carnosine levels as compared to healthy controls. No significant differences were
detected in other amino acids.

Conclusion:
The significant differences in amino acid profile between HIV-positive and healthy
subjects may represent an auxiliary biomarker of cellular damage in asymptomatic HIV-positive patients
that may be examined in more detail in further studies. It may also provide guidance for
symptomatic cases in terms of the association between symptoms, clinical manifestations, and deficiency
or excess of certain amino acids in the context of the complete metabolomics record of HIVpositive
patients.
Artificial Sweeteners: Perceptions and Realities
Authors: Samreen Habiba , Dhaneshwar Suneela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Artificial sweeteners (AS) were first introduced as food additives or sugar substitutes
more than a century ago with the intention of supplying sweet taste without the high caloric content
of sugar. AS are employed in place of sucrose (table sugar) with the view of providing sweetness
to foodstuffs and bottled drinks. The end-users, along with producers of canned food and drinks,
have long been captivated by the idea of replacing sugar in food items with AS. Foods that use AS
in place of sugar have become increasingly common during the past decade. Artificial sugars are
normally many folds sweeter than normal sugar possessing low or zero calories, which confers to
their public appeal for the management of overweight issues. Due to this, they are, at present, employed
by many individuals all over the world, without knowing the potential hazards associated
with them. The use of AS in obese, diabetic, and/or heart patients or patients with metabolic syndrome
has been approved with caution by The American Heart Association and American Diabetes
Association (ADA) as a low-calorie option for normal sugar. Judicious use of sugar substitutes can
help in maintaining blood glucose, calories and body weight, thus automatically minimizing the
risk factors of diabetes and heart disease. Since the day of their discovery and approval, their safety
issue has been quite controversial and debated extensively. The article follows an exhaustive review
discussing the history, uses, and chemical features of a wide variety of sweeteners with a focus
on their association with diabetes and potential adverse effects on the body.