bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sparse sensor-based flow estimation with spectral proper orthogonal decomposition
Authors: Gambassi Henrique , Ziadé Paul , Morton Chris 
Published: August 2022

The application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in developing sensor-based estimators for unsteady flows has become an active area of research over the last decade. One of the challenges in this area is the selection of a low-dimensional subspace that enables the ANN to reconstruct relevant spatiotemporal dynamics in the flow, as both sparsity and interpretability are simultaneously desired. The present study demonstrates the use of a flow-estimation framework based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks and the time-domain Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD) [Sieber et al., “Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition,” J. Fluid Mech. 792, 798–828 (2016)], which was proposed as an extension to the traditional POD. The two-cylinder flow selected for analysis in this study is referred to as the “flip-flop” regime for exhibiting intermittent changes in the phase alignment of the vortices shed by the two cylinders. This flow has dynamics occurring over a wide range of frequencies, and it was selected to demonstrate the usefulness of SPOD in characterizing the wake dynamics of periodic wake flows and to determine if it can provide a better subspace for training and estimation when compared to POD. It was found that a particular SPOD basis obtained with an empirically determined filter length completely separated the frequency centered phenomena present in the spectrum of the most energetic POD modes into different modes. These new SPOD modes were observed to have a direct relationship with the vortex dynamics in the flow, providing direct access to the antiphase and in-phase flow states. The LSTM neural networks estimation capacities were very similar across all the modal spaces investigated, performing well regardless of whether the frequency content of the modal space used for training and estimation was found superimposed in the spectrum of the most energetic modes (POD) or separated into different modes (SPOD). Further investigation is required to determine if this result holds for turbulent flows.
Phosphonated MWCNT-Poly(2, 5-Benzimidazole): an improved nanocomposite membrane for high-temperature fuel cells
Authors: Nayak Ratikanta , Goenka Reeshab , Bhosale Amit C , Ghosh Prakash C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The physicochemical properties and proton conductivity are two important parameters of an effective polymer electrolyte membrane for a high-temperature fuel cell (HTPEMFC) (120 °C–180 °C). In this work, a novel composite membrane is prepared by poly (2, 5-Benzimidazole) (ABPBI) polymer matrix together with phosphonated multiwall carbon nanotube (PMWCNT) using the solvent casting method. The membrane typically exhibits fin-like projections due to the addition of PMWCNTs as characterised by SEM micrographs. The membrane also demonstrates enhanced proton conductivity and mechanical strength of 0.16 S cm−1 and 33 MPa respectively compared to pristine doped ABPBI membrane. Interestingly, the fabricated membrane is found to absorb the acid 2.15 times the pristine membrane whereas, acid leaching out per unit absorbed acid is reduced by 2.17 times compared to that of pristine membrane. Open circuit potential of 0.87 V with a fuel cell assembled with the composite membrane underlines better control on fuel crossover delivering a peak power density of 275.0 mW cm−2 compared to 212.8 mW cm−2 for the pristine membrane. Such enhancement in the power density (∼30%) is thus observed by tuning the polymer electrolyte hybrid nanocomposite membrane properties through functionalisation.
A Friendship Ex Libris – Karl Wolfskehl, Salman Schocken, and their Libraries
Authors: Schneidawind Julia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The following article explores the question of how the biographies of the two German-Jewish collectors and bibliophiles Karl Wolfskehl and Salman Schocken are still connected today through their book collections. Schocken acquired Wolfskehl's library in 1937, not only enabling Wolfskehl to go into exile, but also saving the approximately 3,000-volume collection from destruction. The article traces the origins and development of both libraries in the context of Wolfskehl's and Schocken's lives with reference to their individual understanding of collecting, and discusses how the sale of the collection led to a friendly, if not uncomplicated, long-term connection between the two, which can still be traced through their books and libraries today.
Impact of spinal cord stimulation on sick leave and disability pension in patients with chronic neuropathic pain: a real-world evidence study in Sweden
Authors: Söreskog Emma , Jacobson Trolle , Kirketeig Terje , Fritzell Peter , Karlsten Rolf , Zethraeus Niklas , Borgström Fredrik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Current research indicates that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has a positive short-term impact on outcomes, such as quality of life, pain, and productivity in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. However, there is a need for studies on larger population samples. This study used data from Swedish national registers to analyze change and predictors of sick leave and disability pension 2 years before and after SCS treatment. Patients with SCS implanted between 2006 and 2017, and a reference group consisting of 5 individuals matched to each SCS patient without replacement with respect to age, sex, and region of residence, were included. A difference-in-difference approach was used to compare the average change (2 years after treatment vs 2 years before treatment) in net disability days and indirect cost related to disability days for the SCS group, compared with the average change for the reference group. The results showed that SCS treatment in Sweden is associated with a decrease of 21 disability days and consequent decrease in indirect cost of €4127 in working age patients. Large work loss prior to index date was also demonstrated (average 214 days before 1 year), indicating a significant burden on the patient, employers, and the society at large. The number of disability days varied considerably depending on age, sex, socioeconomic variables, and comorbidities; however, the effect of SCS seemed to have little association with patient characteristics. This economic benefit needs to be considered, as well as the clinical outcome, when evaluating the full societal value of SCS.
The Dynorphin/Kappa Opioid Receptor mediates adverse immunological and behavioral outcomes induced by repetitive blast trauma
Authors: Lee Suhjung Janet , Logsdon Aric F. , Yagi Mayumi , Baskin Britahny M. , Peskind Elaine. R. , Raskind Murray M. , Cook David G. , Schindler Abigail. G. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdverse pathophysiological and behavioral outcomes related to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and chronic pain are common following blast exposure and contribute to decreased quality of life, but underlying mechanisms and prophylactic/treatment options remain limited. The dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system helps regulate behavioral and inflammatory responses to stress and injury; however, it has yet to be investigated as a potential mechanism in either humans or animals exposed to blast. We hypothesized that blast-induced KOR activation mediates adverse outcomes related to inflammation and affective behavioral response.MethodsC57Bl/6 adult male mice were singly or repeatedly exposed to either sham (anesthesia only) or blast delivered by a pneumatic shock tube. The selective KOR antagonist norBNI or vehicle (saline) was administered 72 hours prior to repetitive blast or sham exposure. Serum and brain were collected 10 minutes or 4 hours post-exposure for dynorphin A-like immunoreactivity and cytokine measurements, respectively. At one-month post-exposure, mice were tested in a series of behavioral assays related to adverse outcomes reported by humans with blast trauma.ResultsRepetitive but not single blast exposure resulted in increased brain dynorphin A-like immunoreactivity. norBNI pretreatment blocked or significantly reduced blast-induced increase in serum and brain cytokines, including IL-6, at 4 hours post exposure and aversive/anxiety-like behavioral dysfunction at one month post exposure.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate a previously unreported role for the dynorphin/KOR system as a mediator of biochemical and behavioral dysfunction following repetitive blast exposure and highlight this system as a potential prophylactic/therapeutic treatment target.
The role of CSR in high Potential recruiting: literature review on the communicative expectations of high potentials
Authors: Boehncke Gerrit Adrian 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify what attention science pays to CSR communication for the process of career orientation and employer decision-making by the critical sought after top talent.Design/methodology/approachThe review is structured as a systematic literature review of the CSR–HRM intersection. In 11 EBSCO online databases one of several “CSR-terms” was combined with one of several “HRM-terms”.FindingsAlthough CSR has long been recognized as a relevant factor for organizational attractiveness (Greening and Turban, 2000) and talent attraction and its importance is reflected in the ongoing “war for talent” (Chamberset al., 1998) in which (prospective) leaders are considered a critical human resource for corporate success (Ansoff, 1965), few contributions are focusing on successfully recruited future leaders/high potentials.Practical implicationsThere is a knowledge gap about the importance of CSR in high potential recruiting, which influences both resource-strong decisions on the company side and the communication behavior of applicants. Companies only know about a general CSR relevance for employees and applicants. Accordingly, no attention-optimized CSR communication can take place. In the highly competitive battle for the attention of high potentials, this leads to undifferentiated communication formats. At the same time, high potentials may not receive the CSR information of interest to them from an employer at the relevant time and therefore cannot present an optimal fit in the cover letters and thus cannot prove themselves as ideal candidates.Originality/valueCSR is not only an obligatory field of communication for companies, but also a special opportunity in recruiting the young value-oriented generations Y and Z. The research on CSR communication in the course of their career decision has not been covered in a review so far, the research situation is thus explicitly addressed for the first time and practical implications for the post COVID-19 employer brand and recruiting communication are addressed.
Facilitator reflections on online delivery of simulation-based mental health education during COVID-19
Authors: O'Sullivan Owen P. , Bignell Anita , Powell Jennifer , Parish Sandra , Campbell Lloyd , Iannelli Hannah , Attoe Chris , Billon Grégoire 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
During COVID-19, Maudsley Simulation successfully pivoted to fully online delivery of simulation-based education (SBE) in mental health. In migrating digitally, the simulation faculty experienced a range of new phenomena and challenges. The authors’ experiences may be transferable to other specialities and for other educator groups. By sharing the authors’ experiences, this study aims to support others adapt to online SBE.

Design/methodology/approach
This piece represents the authors’ collective reflections on the challenges of adapting their facilitation skills to the online environment. It also offers various suggestions on how to improve the learner experience in view of these challenges.

Findings
Beyond merely platform orientation and operating procedure familiarisation, the team gained insights into ensuring optimal learning, engagement and participant experience during online deliveries. Delivery of online SBE brings several potential barriers to psychological safety and these warrant careful consideration by experienced simulationists.

Practical implications
Optimising participant engagement and psychological safety remain key considerations despite this novel medium. Facilitators must be willing to adapt accordingly to begin delivering high-quality online SBE.

Originality/value
From their experience, facilitators must reframe their debriefing expectations and adjust how they engage participants and manage group dynamics given the inherently different nature of this new learning environment.
Relationship between the richness of tree species and edaphoclimatic characteristics of the south region of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Teles Carolina Barreto , Magnago Luiz Fernando Silva , Carilo Filho Leildo Machado , Piotto Daniel 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThe regions between the tropics provide climatic characteristics that contribute to the formation of unique vegetation typologies, the Tropical Forests. It is estimated that these forests are home to about 50 000 tree species. The Atlantic Forest, located mostly on the Brazilian coast is an example of the richness of phanerophytes inside an important hotspot for biodiversity. Understanding the relationship between these edaphoclimatic factors and the richness of tree species in the Atlantic Forest is important to establish conservation strategies in this threatened biome. Our main objective was to analyse the relationship between abiotic variables and tree species richness in the southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. In this sense, we used data from tree species and abiotic factors (extracted from the WorldClim and FAO platforms) in a selection of mixed generalized linear multimodels. Variables related to temperature and precipitation in the driest periods influenced the richness of tree species in the study region. Whereas temperature seasonality and minimum temperature of the coldest month influenced negatively the values for extrapolated richness the maximum temperature of the hottest month exhibited a positive influence for richness indexes. These results emphasize that the maintenance of the arboreal richness in tropical zones is directly dependent of the climatic seasonality. In the present study, we point out the importance of climatic factors for the maintenance of tree species in a region that has expressive numbers of tree species per hectare, one of the world records in this index.
Serum exosome inflamma‐miRs are surrogate biomarkers for asthma phenotype and severity
Authors: Vázquez‐Mera Sara , Martelo‐Vidal Laura , Miguéns‐Suárez Pablo , Saavedra‐Nieves Paula , Arias Pilar , González‐Fernández Coral , Mosteiro‐Añón Mar , Corbacho‐Abelaira María Dolores , Blanco‐Aparicio Marina , Méndez‐Brea Paula , Salgado Francisco Javier , Nieto‐Fontarigo Juan José , González‐Barcala Francisco Javier 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is a heterogeneous disease with several phenotypes, endotypes and severity degrees, in which different T‐cell subpopulations are involved. These cells express specific miRNAs (i.e. inflamma‐miRs) that can be released to serum in exosomes after activation and be used as biomarkers of underlying inflammation. Thus, we aim to evaluate specific T‐cell miRNA signatures in serum exosomes from different subgroups of asthmatic patients.MethodsSamples from healthy donors (N = 30) and patients (N = 119) with different asthma endotypes (T2high‐Atopic/T2high‐Non‐atopic/T2low) and severity degrees (mild/MA and moderate–severe/MSA) were used. Demographic, clinical, haematological and biochemical characteristics were collected. Twelve miRNAs previously associated with different Th subsets were preselected and their levels in serum exosome samples were measured using RTqPCR.ResultsWe detected five miRNAs with high confidence in serum exosomes: miR‐16‐5p, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p, miR146a‐5p and miR‐215‐5p. All of them, except miR‐16‐5p were upregulated in MSA patients compared to MA. A logistic regression model including each of these miRNAs was created to discriminate both conditions, rendering a ROC curve AUC of 0.896 (0.830–0.961). miR‐21‐5p and miR‐126‐3p, both involved in Th1/Th2 differentiation, were specifically augmented in T2high‐Atopic patients. Of note, all these changes were found in samples collected in autumn. On the contrary, IL‐6high patients with MSA, which were more obese, older, with higher neutrophil and basophil counts and TNF levels, displayed a decrease of miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p and miR‐146a‐5p.ConclusionImmune‐related miRNAs, including miR‐21‐5p, miR‐126‐3p, miR‐146a‐5p and miR‐215‐5p, can be used as clinically relevant non‐invasive biomarkers of the phenotype/endotype and severity of asthma.
Usefulness of P‐wave peak time as an electrocardiographic parameter in predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with mitral regurgitation
Authors: Ito Kazuki , Miyajima Keisuke , Urushida Tsuyoshi , Unno Kyoko , Okazaki Ayako , Takashima Yasuyo , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Kawaguchi Yoshitaka , Wakabayashi Yasushi , Maekawa Yuichiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionConventional Doppler measurements have limitations in predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR). Recently, electrocardiographic P‐wave peak time (PWPT) has been proposed as a parameter of detecting LVDD. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PWPT and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in patients with MR.MethodsWe performed echocardiography and cardiac catheterization in 82 patients with moderate or severe MR. We classified patients into two groups: low LVEDP group (L‐LVEDP) (LVEDP <16 mmHg, n = 40) and high LVEDP group (H‐LVEDP) (LVEDP ≥16 mmHg, n = 42). We evaluated LVDD and PWPT based on echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in both groups.ResultsThe PWPT in lead II (PWPTII) was significantly longer in patients in the H‐LVEDP group than in those in the L‐LVEDP group (67 vs. 47 ms, p < .001). Using correlation analysis, LVEDP was positively correlated with PWPTII (r = .577, p < .001). Using multivariate analysis, PWPTII was found to be an independent predictor of increased LVEDP (95% CI: 0.1030–0.110; p < .001). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of PWPTII for predicting elevated LVEDP was 58.9 ms, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 73.8% (area under curve: 0.809, 95% CI: 0.713–0.905).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the effect of a significant valvular disease on PWPT in lead II. These findings suggest that prolonged PWPTII may be an independent predictor of increased LVEDP in patients with moderate or severe MR.
A new model to predict the risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on direct oral anticoagulants (dabigatran and rivaroxaban)
Authors: Lv Meina , Jiang Shaojun , Wu Tingting , Huang Nianxu , Chen Xia , Chen Chunmei , Zhang Jinhua 
Published: August 2022

AimsThe aim of this study was to identify factors associated with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and develop a risk score that would provide an effective tool for the clinical assessment of GIB.MethodsThis was a multicentre retrospective analysis of clinical and follow‐up data of patients treated with DOACs. The score was developed through logistic regression. The performance of score was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and Hosmer–Lemeshow test.ResultsThe 11 903 patients had a mean age of 65.1 years. In multivariate analysis, age ≥65 years, alcohol use, history of peptic ulcer, history of major bleeding, abnormal liver function or renal function, cancer, platelet count <100 × 109/L, anaemia, and concurrent antiplatelet agent or non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug treatment were independent risk factors for GIB, and concurrent treatment with gastrointestinal protective agents were a protective factor. The Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score was constructed using these 12 factors. The AUC of the Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score was 0.77 (95% CI 0.74–0.81), which was higher than that of the HAS‐BLED score (0.69; 95% CI 0.65–0.72) and the New score (0.65; 95% CI 0.61–0.68).ConclusionsBased on 12 factors, we developed a gastrointestinal bleeding risk score. The newly developed Alfalfa‐DOAC‐GIB score has better predictive value than the HAS‐BLED score and the New score, and might be an effective tool to help reduce the occurrence of GIB in patients using DOACs.
Experimental evaluation of the role of inorganic phosphorus for terrestrial carbon degradation in stream hyporheic zones
Authors: Attermeyer Katrin , Harjung Astrid , Schelker Jakob , Weigelhofer Gabriele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The hyporheic zone (HZ) is a hotspot of carbon processing in stream ecosystems as a consequence of the mixing of organic matter and nutrients from ground water and surface waters. However, major knowledge gaps exist regarding the drivers of microbial activity and carbon processing in the HZ among stream ecosystems with different carbon sources and sediment properties. We investigated the impact of algal dissolved organic matter (DOMalgal) and inorganic phosphorus (P) on the degradation of soil DOM (DOMsoil) by hyporheic microorganisms in two laboratory experiments.

In our first experiment, we explored the influence of different ratios of DOMalgal to DOMsoil with and without P additions on microbial respiration and DOM composition in laboratory hyporheic microcosms under oxic conditions. Here, we used glass beads colonised by stream microorganisms resembling a pristine stream system. As the addition of DOMalgal increased P concentrations, we added P to adjust the P concentrations to the same level of the pure DOMalgal in a second batch. In our second experiment, we determined the aerobic microbial respiration of HZ‐sediments from 20 streams along a land‐use gradient in Austria incubated with DOMsoil. Again, we performed the experiments with and without P additions to see whether effects on microbial respiration depended on the ambient P concentrations of the streams.

Aerobic microbial respiration in the hyporheic microcosms decreased with increasing DOMsoil proportions. When P concentrations were adjusted to the P level of the DOMalgal, aerobic microbial respiration rates were similar between the different DOM mixtures in the microcosms, mainly stimulating the degradation of humic‐like DOM fractions. This highlights the stimulating effects of the P additions on hyporheic microbial respiration and humic‐like DOM degradation in pristine streams. However, P additions caused a significant increase in microbial respiration in only one of 20 natural HZ‐sediments, suggesting that aerobic microbial respiration rates rarely were controlled by P availability in the investigated streams.

We conclude that nutrient pulses can, but do not necessarily, stimulate microbial activity and terrestrial carbon degradation in the HZ of streams. Nevertheless, at low ambient nutrient concentrations (i.e., in pristine streams) terrestrial carbon degradation in the HZ can be accelerated when nutrient pulses occur, which has consequences for CO2 outgassing and the organic matter quality in the stream and its export to downstream sections.