bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the cervical cancer awareness months on public interest in Japan: A Google Trends analysis, 2012–2021
Authors: Hagiya Hideharu , Koyama Toshihiro , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe immunization and screening rates for human papillomavirus in Japan are lower than those in other countries. We aimed to evaluate the impact of cervical cancer awareness months on public attention using Google Trends analysis. Between 2012 and 2021, we analyzed the trends in relative search volumes (RSVs) for “Shikyuu-keigan” (cervical cancer in English) in Japan, during the cervical cancer awareness month (CCAM) in January and cervical cancer prevention awareness enhancement month (CCPAEM) in November. We performed a joinpoint regression analysis to identify a statistically significant trend change point. Additionally, we compared the mean RSVs of each awareness month with the rest of the year. Significant trend change points were observed, but none were found in CCAM and CCPAEM periods. Comparison of mean RSVs among CCAM, CCPAEM, and the rest of the months did not suggest any significant increases in RSVs during these awareness periods. In conclusion, CAM and CCPAEM did not raise public interest in cervical cancer in Japan. Although the results are based on internet users, the findings might suggest a need to develop a more effective and attractive approach to achieve the 90-70-90 targets of cervical cancer prevention by 2030.
Ternary metal oxide nanocomposite for room temperature H2S and SO2 gas removal in wet conditions
Authors: Gupta Nishesh Kumar , Kim Eun Ji , Baek Soyoung , Bae Jiyeol , Kim Kwang Soo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA ternary Mn–Zn–Fe oxide nanocomposite was fabricated by a one-step coprecipitation method for the remotion of H2S and SO2 gases at room temperature. The nanocomposite has ZnO, MnO2, and ferrites with a surface area of 21.03 m2 g−1. The adsorbent was effective in mineralizing acidic sulfurous gases better in wet conditions. The material exhibited a maximum H2S and SO2 removal capacity of 1.31 and 0.49 mmol g−1, respectively, in the optimized experimental conditions. The spectroscopic analyses confirmed the formation of sulfide, sulfur, and sulfite as the mineralized products of H2S. Additionally, the nanocomposite could convert SO2 to sulfate as the sole oxidation by-product. The oxidation of these toxic gases was driven by the dissolution and dissociation of gas molecules in surface adsorbed water, followed by the redox behaviour of transition metal ions in the presence of molecular oxygen and water. Thus, the study presented a potential nanocomposite adsorbent for deep desulfurization applications.
Bidirectional associations between physical activity and sleep in older adults: a multilevel analysis using polysomnography
Authors: Seol Jaehoon , Lee Jaehee , Park Insung , Tokuyama Kumpei , Fukusumi Shoji , Kokubo Toshio , Yanagisawa Masashi , Okura Tomohiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough recent studies have examined the bidirectional associations between physical activity and sleep parameters, few have focused on older adults utilizing objective assessments, such as polysomnography. This micro-longitudinal observational study included 92 Japanese older adults (aged 65–86 years) who underwent objective evaluations of sleep quality using polysomnography and completed subjective sleep-related questionnaires. Activity levels were assessed using an accelerometer. Polysomnography, subjective sleep-related questionnaires, and accelerometer were administered for 7 consecutive days. Multilevel models (participant-, day-level) were used to examine the temporal associations of objective and subjective sleep parameters with sedentary behavior and physical activity. In the day-level analysis, higher levels of sedentary behavior during daytime were associated with longer rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, shorter REM latency, lower levels of non-REM sleep (stage N3), and reduced delta power during daytime. Higher levels of low-intensity physical activity during daytime were associated with lower levels of REM sleep, longer REM latency, and increased stage N3 sleep in the day-level analysis. Higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with increased REM latency. Longer subjective sleep time was associated with increased next-day moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Thus, low-intensity physical activity may provide objective benefits related to deep sleep parameters in older adults.
Increasing angiogenic efficacy of conditioned medium using light stimulation of human adipose-derived stem cells
Authors: Kim Yu-Jin , Lee Sang Ho , Im Jisoo , Song Jihun , Kim Han Young , Bhang Suk Ho 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConditioned medium (CM) contains various therapeutic molecules produced by cells. However, the low concentration of therapeutic molecules in CM is a major challenge for successful tissue regeneration. Here, we aim to develop a CM enriched in angiogenic paracrine factors for the treatment of ischemic diseases. Combining spheroidal culture and light irradiation significantly upregulates the angiogenic factor expression in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Spheroids of light-irradiated hADSCs (SR group) show significantly enhanced expression of angiogenic paracrine factors compared with spheroids without light stimulation. Enhanced viability, migration, and angiogenesis are observed in cells treated with CM derived from the SR group. Furthermore, we performed in vivo experiments using a mouse hindlimb ischemia model; the results demonstrate that CM derived from densely cultured spheroids of light-irradiated hADSCs induced increased angiogenesis in vivo. In conclusion, our proposed approach of using light to stimulate stem cells may overcome the major drawbacks of CM-based therapies.
Widespread subclinical cellular changes revealed across a neural-epithelial-vascular complex in choroideremia using adaptive optics
Authors: Aguilera Nancy , Liu Tao , Bower Andrew J. , Li Joanne , Abouassali Sarah , Lu Rongwen , Giannini John , Pfau Maximilian , Bender Chelsea , Smelkinson Margery G. , Naik Amelia , Guan Bin , Schwartz Owen , Volkov Andrei , Dubra Alfredo , Liu Zhuolin , Hammer Daniel X. , Maric Dragan , Fariss Robert , Hufnagel Robert B. , Jeffrey Brett G. , Brooks Brian P. , Zein Wadih M. , Huryn Laryssa A. , Tam Johnny 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChoroideremia is an X-linked, blinding retinal degeneration with progressive loss of photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, and choriocapillaris. To study the extent to which these layers are disrupted in affected males and female carriers, we performed multimodal adaptive optics imaging to better visualize the in vivo pathogenesis of choroideremia in the living human eye. We demonstrate the presence of subclinical, widespread enlarged RPE cells present in all subjects imaged. In the fovea, the last area to be affected in choroideremia, we found greater disruption to the RPE than to either the photoreceptor or choriocapillaris layers. The unexpected finding of patches of photoreceptors that were fluorescently-labeled, but structurally and functionally normal, suggests that the RPE blood barrier function may be altered in choroideremia. Finally, we introduce a strategy for detecting enlarged cells using conventional ophthalmic imaging instrumentation. These findings establish that there is subclinical polymegathism of RPE cells in choroideremia.
Observation of nonlocal Josephson effect on double InAs nanowires
Authors: Matsuo Sadashige , Lee Joon Sue , Chang Chien-Yuan , Sato Yosuke , Ueda Kento , Palmstrøm Christopher J. , Tarucha Seigo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractShort-range coherent coupling of two Josephson junctions (JJs) are predicted to generate a supercurrent in one JJ nonlocally modulated by the phase difference in the other. We report on observation of the nonlocal Josephson effect on double InAs nanowires as experimental evidence of the coherent coupling. We measure one JJ sharing one superconducting electrode with the other JJ and observe switching current oscillation as a control of the nonlocal phase difference. Our result will contribute to engineer novel superconducting phenomena with the short-range coherent coupling.
Ecological resilience of restored peatlands to climate change
Authors: Loisel Julie , Gallego-Sala Angela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDegradation of peatlands through land-use change and drainage is currently responsible for 5-10% of global annual anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, restoring disturbed and degraded peatlands is an emerging priority in efforts to mitigate climate change. While restoration can revive multiple ecosystem functions, including carbon storage, the resilience of restored peatlands to climate change and other disturbances remains poorly understood. Here, we review the recent literature on the response of degraded and restored peatlands to fire, drought and flood. We find that degraded sites can generally be restored in a way that allows for net carbon sequestration. However, biodiversity, hydrological regime, and peat soil structure are not always fully restored, even after a decade of restoration efforts, potentially weakening ecosystem resilience to future disturbances. As the recovery of degraded peatlands is fundamental to achieving net-zero goals and biodiversity targets, sound science and monitoring efforts are needed to further inform restoration investments and priorities.
An approximate evaluation method for neighbourhood solutions in job shop scheduling problem
Authors: Gui Lin , Li Xinyu , Gao Liang , Xie Jin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractJob shop scheduling problem is a classical scheduling problem, and it is very difficult to work out. To solve it well, the meta‐heuristic algorithm is a good choice, and the evaluation method of neighbourhood solutions, which affects the efficiency of the algorithm and the quality of the solution, is one of the keys in the algorithm. We propose an approximate evaluation method by exploring domain knowledge in neighbourhood solutions. Firstly, we reduce the computational time of the evaluation by analysing the unnecessary computational operations. Secondly, according to the domain knowledge, we prove that the evaluated value of the neighbourhood solution is the exact value under certain conditions. At the same time, a set of critical parameters are calculated to correct the estimated value of the neighbourhood solutions that do not meet the conditions to improve the evaluation accuracy. With all of these, an approximate evaluation method for neighbourhood solutions in job shop scheduling problems is proposed. The experiments on different numerical instances show the superiority of the method proposed.
Optimum design of the long‐span continuous steel truss rail beams of straddle monorails
Authors: Yin Zhongya , Wang Jianping , Wang TianYang , Zhu DongJin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo understand the influences of beam height and side‐to‐midspan ratio on the mechanical characteristics of straddle monorail large‐span continuous steel truss rail beams, the first phase of Wuhu Rail Transit Line 2, a section of continuous steel truss rail beams, is taken as the engineering background. The specific numerical values of the beam heights and side‐to‐midspan ratios of some large‐span bridges, which have been built in China and abroad, are analyzed and counted. Combined with the unique characteristics of continuous steel truss rail beams, the two design variables of side‐to‐midspan ratio and beam height are scientifically valued. The two‐variable direct grid search method is used, and the finite element software Midas Civil is employed to calculate and analyze the mechanical properties of the selected structural system. The main beam deflection, vertical fundamental frequency, beam end corner, and six other aspects are taken as the research focus of the optimization analysis. The above six aspects coordinate bridge strength, stiffness, and stability. They also consider comprehensively and enhance the scientificity of the results. Data indicate that when the side‐to‐midspan ratio and beam height are small, it is beneficial to the structural stress and deformation. However, to prevent the occurrence of the reaction force of the support, the side‐to‐midspan ratio should be greater than 0.2; when the beam height is constant, the ratio increases from 0.56 to 0.74, and the safety factor increases by about 14%. The side‐to‐midspan ratio of 0.56 and the beam height of 1.86 m are the recommended solutions. The scheme features reasonable structural stress and deformation, material saving, and low cost.
Estimation of the space weathering timescale on (25143) Itokawa: Implications on its rejuvenation process
Authors: Jin Sunho , Ishiguro Masateru 
Published: September 2022

Context. The space weathering timescales of near-Earth S-type asteroids have been investigated using several approaches (i.e., experiments, sample analyses, and theoretical approaches), yet there are orders of magnitude differences.
Aims. We aim to examine the space weathering timescale on a near-Earth S-type asteroid, Itokawa, using Hayabusa/AMICA images, and further investigate the evolutional process of the asteroid.
Methods. We focused on bright mottles on the boulder surfaces generated via impacts with interplanetary dust particles (IDPs). We compared the bright mottle size distribution with an IDP flux model to determine the space weathering timescale.
Results. We found that the space weathering timescale on Itokawa’s boulder surfaces is 103 yr (in the range of 102–104 yr), which is consistent with the timescales of space weathering by light ions from the solar wind.
Conclusions. From this result, we conclude that Itokawa’s surface has been weathered rapidly in 103 yr but portions of the surface are exposed due to seismic shaking that was triggered by a recent impact, which created the Kamoi crater.
Surgery as a Global Health Need
Authors: Diehl Thomas M. , Soto Ernie , Laryea Jonathan A. , Zafar Syed Nabeel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSurgical care is now recognized as a fundamental component of universal health coverage. Unfortunately, most of the world is still without access to safe and timely surgical care, including 9 out of 10 people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Additionally, even in LMICs with sustainable surgical programs, surgical outcomes continue to lag behind those in high-income countries. In this article, we will provide a brief history and introduction to global surgery, an overview of the existing literature on global surgical outcomes, and a discussion surrounding the challenges to building surgical capacity and improving surgical outcomes in LMICs. In addition, we will discuss the existing frameworks for building surgical care into national universal healthcare plans and initiatives striving improve surgical outcomes in LMICs.
Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Anal Cancer Management in Low Resource Settings
Authors: Hawkins Alexander T. , Fang Sandy H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA low resource setting (LRS) is defined as a health care system which does not meet the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) or other national/international organizations in the following areas: infrastructure, materials, and human resources.1 Patients encounter barriers which limit their access to care and services that are considered standard of care. While LRS is most commonly associated with developing countries, it is easy to overlook communities in developed countries which lack the financial resources to afford basic health care. This article describes the societal implications and barriers to care for both squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and anal cancer in LRS, the existing screening/surveillance approaches, available treatment approaches to anal cancer, and it also discusses potential evidence-based approaches to bridge the gap for these disparities in anal cancer care.
Colon and Rectal Cancer Management in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Boatman Sonja , Nalluri Harika , Gaertner Wolfgang B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising in low- and middle-income countries, which also face disproportionate mortality from CRC, mainly due to diagnosis at late stages. Various challenges to CRC care exist at multiple societal levels in underserved populations. In this article, barriers to CRC care, strategies for screening, and treatment in resource-limited settings, and future directions are discussed within a global context.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy for Pancreatic Lesions is the Way Forward: Here is the Evidence!
Authors: Jha Daya Krishna , Rana Surinder Singh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS TA) has increasingly become imperative for pancreatic pathology in arriving at the correct diagnosis because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and availability at high-volume centers. The advent of EUS fine-needle biopsy (FNB) has revolutionized EUS TA by providing samples that are larger and more diagnostic compared with fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) has been conventionally used for improving the cytological yield as well as diagnostic accuracy of EUS FNA. The development of FNB has obviated the need for ROSE, and evidence from retrospective and comparative studies has suggested that FNB is as good as FNA with ROSE in terms of diagnostic accuracy and reduced costs. However, strong evidence in the form of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was missing. In this news and views, we discuss a multicenter RCT that has compared the diagnostic accuracy of EUS FNB alone to EUS FNA with ROSE in patients with solid pancreatic lesions. This study has reemphasized that EUS FNB has a diagnostic accuracy comparable to EUS + ROSE at a comparable cost and requires fewer passes and has a shorter procedure time.
Conventional and Investigational Approaches Leveraging Clinical EEG for Prognosis in Acute Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Curley William H. , Comanducci Angela , Fecchio Matteo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrediction of recovery of consciousness after severe brain injury is difficult and limited by a lack of reliable, standardized biomarkers. Multiple approaches for analysis of clinical electroencephalography (EEG) that shed light on prognosis in acute severe brain injury have emerged in recent years. These approaches fall into two major categories: conventional characterization of EEG background and quantitative measurement of resting state or stimulus-induced EEG activity. Additionally, a small number of studies have associated the presence of electrophysiologic sleep features with prognosis in the acute phase of severe brain injury. In this review, we focus on approaches for the analysis of clinical EEG that have prognostic significance and that could be readily implemented with minimal additional equipment in clinical settings, such as intensive care and intensive rehabilitation units, for patients with acute disorders of consciousness.
Pharmacologic Therapies to Promote Recovery of Consciousness
Authors: Barra Megan E. , Edlow Brian L. , Brophy Gretchen M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPharmacologic interventions are commonly used to support rehabilitation efforts of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The 2018 practice guidelines recommend amantadine in adults with traumatic DoC to promote functional recovery, though several other stimulants are used off-label in clinical practice and trials, such as methylphenidate, bromocriptine, levodopa, and zolpidem. Differences in the mechanisms of action, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, and drug–drug interactions should be considered when selecting the best agent for each individual patient. Overall, pharmacologic stimulants may provide a safe and inexpensive pathway to increased functionality and participation in rehabilitation. This article provides a concise summary of scientific evidence supporting the use of pharmacologic therapies to stimulate recovery of consciousness in patients with DoC.
Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pal Partha , Ramchandani Mohan , Inavolu Pradev , Reddy Duvvuru Nageshwar , Tandan Manu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Endoscopic full thickness resection (EFTR) is an emerging therapeutic option for resecting subepithelial lesions (SELs) and epithelial neoplasms. We aimed to systematically review the techniques, applications, outcomes, and complications of EFTR.
Methods A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed. All relevant original research articles involving EFTR were included for the review along with case report/series describing novel/rare techniques from 2001 to February 2022.
Results After screening 7,739 citations, finally 141 references were included. Non-exposed EFTR has lower probability of peritoneal contamination or tumor seeding compared with exposed EFTR. Among exposed EFTR, tunneled variety is associated with lower risk of peritoneal seeding or contamination compared with non-tunneled approach. Closure techniques involve though the scope (TTS) clips, loop and clips, over the scope clips (OTSC), full thickness resection device (FTRD), and endoscopic suturing/plicating/stapling devices. The indications of EFTR range from esophagus to rectum and include SELs arising from muscularis propria (MP), non-lifting adenoma, recurrent adenoma, and even early gastric cancer (EGC) or superficial colorectal carcinoma. Other indications include difficult locations (involving appendicular orifice or diverticulum) and full thickness biopsy for motility disorders. The main limitation of FTRD is feasibility in smaller lesions (<20–25 mm), which can be circumvented by hybrid EFTR techniques. Oncologic resection with lymphadencetomy for superficial GI malignancy can be accomplished by hybrid natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) combining EFTR and NOTES. Bleeding, perforation, appendicitis, enterocolonic fistula, FTRD malfunction, peritoneal tumor seeding, and contamination are among various adverse events. Post OTSC artifacts need to be differentiated from recurrent/residual lesions to avoid re-FTRD/surgery.
Conclusion EFTR is safe and effective therapeutic option for SELs, recurrent and non-lifting adenomas, tumors in difficult locations and selected cases of superficial GI carcinoma.
Endocuff Vision to Improve Adenoma Vision: A Brief Overview
Authors: Shukla Jayendra , Samanta Jayanta 
Published: September 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC)-related mortality can be reduced through screening and early detection. The aim of any CRC screening program is to detect as many adenomas/polyps in the early stage as possible and hence, adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a key quality indicator of colonoscopy. Various methods and techniques have been studied and developed over the years to improve the quality of colonoscopy and thereby increase ADR. This ranges from use of various regimens to improve bowel preparation, defining an optimum colonoscope withdrawal time for the operator, distal attachment caps, use of different wavelength of light, colonoscope with increased degree of view to the use of modern-day artificial intelligence to improve ADR. Of all the various measures, use of distal attachment device seems an easy, cheap and readily usable technique to increase real-time ADR. A variety of such devices have been evaluated over time starting from simple transparent caps, EndoRings, Endocuff to Endocuff Vision for their effectiveness. In this review, we have provided a brief description of the various available distal attachment devices and a detailed technical overview of Endocuff and its modification the Endocuff Vision.