bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRIPAK regulation of katanin microtubule severing in theCaenorhabditis elegansembryo
Authors: Lu Tammy , Smit Ryan B , Soueid Hanifa , Mains Paul E 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicrotubule severing plays important role in cell structure and cell division. The microtubule severing protein katanin, composed of the MEI-1/MEI-2 subunits in Caenorhabditis elegans, is required for oocyte meiotic spindle formation; however, it must be inactivated for mitosis to proceed as continued katanin expression is lethal. Katanin activity is regulated by 2 ubiquitin-based protein degradation pathways. Another ubiquitin ligase, HECD-1, the homolog of human HECTD1/HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1, regulates katanin activity without affecting katanin levels. In other organisms, HECD-1 is a component of the striatin-interacting kinase phosphatase complex, which affects cell proliferation and a variety of signaling pathways. Here we conducted a systematic screen of how mutations in striatin-interacting kinase phosphatase components affect katanin function in C. elegans. Striatin-interacting kinase phosphatase core components (FARL-11, CASH-1, LET-92, and GCK-1) were katanin inhibitors in mitosis and activators in meiosis, much like HECD-1. By contrast, variable components (SLMP-1, OTUB-2) functioned as activators of katanin activity in mitosis, indicating they may function to alter striatin-interacting kinase phosphatase core function. The core component CCM-3 acted as an inhibitor at both divisions, while other components (MOB-4, C49H3.6) showed weak interactions with katanin mutants. Additional experiments indicate that katanin may be involved with the centralspindlin complex and a tubulin chaperone. HECD-1 shows ubiquitous expression in the cytoplasm throughout meiosis and early development. The differing functions of the different subunits could contribute to the diverse functions of the striatin-interacting kinase phosphatase complex in C. elegans and other organisms.
Do changes in geomagnetic secular variation, dipole moment and polarity reversal frequency correlate over the past 155 Myr?
Authors: Eid B , Lhuillier F , Shcherbakov V P , Shcherbakova V V 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARY
Changes in palaeosecular variation, dipole moment and polarity reversal frequency are salient features of the Earth’s magnetic field over the geological past, yet how these changes are linked by the geodynamo remains controversial. To further understand this issue, we provide new absolute (API) and relative (RPI) palaeointensities from the ∼1-km-thick basaltic sequence of Waja (North Ethiopia) emplaced around 31 Ma, yielding an instantaneous virtual dipole moment of 57 ± 9 ZAm2 (1σ, N = 18) and a relative variability in intensity εF = 0.39 ± 0.07 (1σ, N = 19). Our analysis of the API database with strict selection criteria (inclusion of Thellier-style determinations with pTRM checks only, at least five determinations per cooling unit, and within-unit relative standard error lower than 10 per cent) fails to identify any robust correlation between changes in dipole moment and reversal frequency over the past 155 Myr. More convincingly, the available RPI results are consistent with an increase of the palaeosecular-variation proxy εF with reversal rate, as predicted by numerical dynamo simulations. We also find that the API-based estimate εF = 0.40 ± 0.03 (1σ, N = 104), computed from the filtered version of the World Palaeointensity Database for the 0.77–31 Ma interval, is consistent with the scaling rule, suggesting that the API record has been sufficiently sampled over the past 31 Ma. We thus speculate that the absence of negative correlation between changes in dipole moment and reversal frequency in the API database over the past 155 Myr may be the result of insufficient sampling prior to 31 Ma rather than the signature of an intrinsic geomagnetic feature.
SPG15 protein deficits are at the crossroads between lysosomal abnormalities, altered lipid metabolism and synaptic dysfunction
Authors: Marrone Lara , Marchi Paolo M , Webster Christopher P , Marroccella Raffaele , Coldicott Ian , Reynolds Steven , Alves-Cruzeiro João , Yang Zih-Liang , Higginbottom Adrian , Khundadze Mukhran , Shaw Pamela J , Hübner Christian A , Livesey Matthew R , Azzouz Mimoun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegia type 15 (HSP15) is a neurodegenerative condition caused by the inability to produce SPG15 protein, which leads to lysosomal swelling. However, the link between lysosomal aberrations and neuronal death is poorly explored. To uncover the functional consequences of lysosomal aberrations in disease pathogenesis, we analyze human dermal fibroblasts from HSP15 patients as well as primary cortical neurons derived from an SPG15 knockout (KO) mouse model. We find that SPG15 protein loss induces defective anterograde transport, impaired neurite outgrowth, axonal swelling and reduced autophagic flux in association with the onset of lysosomal abnormalities. Additionally, we observe lipid accumulation within the lysosomal compartment, suggesting that distortions in cellular lipid homeostasis are intertwined with lysosomal alterations. We further demonstrate that SPG15 KO neurons exhibit synaptic dysfunction, accompanied by augmented vulnerability to glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Overall, our study establishes an intimate link between lysosomal aberrations, lipid metabolism and electrophysiological impairments, suggesting that lysosomal defects are at the core of multiple neurodegenerative disease processes in HSP15.
Morphological, behavioral and cellular analyses revealed different phenotypes in Wolfram syndrome wfs1a and wfs1b zebrafish mutant lines
Authors: Crouzier Lucie , Richard Elodie M , Diez Camille , Alzaeem Hala , Denus Morgane , Cubedo Nicolas , Delaunay Thomas , Glendenning Emily , Baxendale Sarah , Liévens Jean-Charles , Whitfield Tanya T , Maurice Tangui , Delprat Benjamin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by diabetes, optic atrophy and deafness. Patients die at 35 years of age, mainly from respiratory failure or dysphagia. Unfortunately, there is no treatment to block the progression of symptoms and there is an urgent need for adequate research models. Here, we report on the phenotypical characterization of two loss-of-function zebrafish mutant lines: wfs1aC825X and wfs1bW493X. We observed that wfs1a deficiency altered the size of the ear and the retina of the fish. We also documented a decrease in the expression level of unfolded protein response (UPR) genes in basal condition and in stress condition, i.e. after tunicamycin treatment. Interestingly, both mutants lead to a decrease in their visual function measured behaviorally. These deficits were associated with a decrease in the expression level of UPR genes in basal and stress conditions. Interestingly, basal, ATP-linked and maximal mitochondrial respirations were transiently decreased in the wfs1b mutant. Taken together, these zebrafish lines highlight the critical role of wfs1a and wfs1b in UPR, mitochondrial function and visual physiology. These models will be useful tools to better understand the cellular function of Wfs1 and to develop novel therapeutic approaches for WS.
Control of Imported Cabbageworm, Diamondback Moth and Cabbage Looper, 1986
Authors: Tuttle A. F. , Mclntire J. R. , Ferro D. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cabbage was transplanted to the field on 3 Jul. “Schultz” starter fertilizer was used at planting and 10N-10P-10K fertilizer was applied on 12 Aug at a rate of 400 lb/acre. The soil was a fine sandy loam with a pH of 6.3. Each plot consisted of 2 18 ft rows and each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticide applications were based on 3 ft row spacing. All applications were made with a C02 pressurized sprayer delivering ca 60 gal/acre at 40 psi.
Control of Lepidopterous Labvae on Fall Cabbage, 1986
Authors: Zehnder Geoffrey , Speese John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cabbage transplants were planted on 5 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single 25 ft long row bordered on each side by an untreated row. Cabbage was transplanted with 17-inch plant and 36-inch row spacing. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied with a propane compressed gas backpack sprayer using 3 hollow cone nozzles per row and delivering 75 gal water per acre at 40 psi. Applications were made on 5, 12, 19, and 26 Sep, and 3 and 10 Oct. Dipel 2X (0.25 lb/acre) and ABG 6167 (0.5 pt/acre) were applied in the ABG 6101 and 6204 plots, respectively, on 5 Sep. Evaluation criteria consisted of direct counts of the number of imported cabbageworm (ICW), cabbage looper (CL), diamondback moth (DB), and cabbage web worm (CWW) on 5 randomly chosen plants per treatment. On 16 Oct, damage ratings were determined as in Greene et al. (J. of Econ. Entomol., 62 (4): 798-800). Plants with a damage rating of 3 or below were considered marketable.
Control of a Carrot Weevil, 1986
Authors: Edelson J. V. , Woodson W. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Danvers 126’ carrots were direct-seeded into 2 row beds on 40-in centers on 11 Nov at the Tex. Agric. Exp. Sta., Weslaco, TX. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 5 replicates. Treatments consisted of early, late and entire season applications of methyl-parathion and Pydrin and untreated controls. Early and continuous season spray regimes were initiated 4 Dec. Early season treatments were terminated 12 Feb. Late season treatments were initiated 26 Feb and continued along with entire season treatments until 6 May. Applications were made at approximately 2 week intervals using a back-pack mounted sprayer operated at 40 psi, 2 mph with nozzles 10 inches above the leaf canopy delivering 10 gal/acre. Plots were sampled prior to treatment and at 8, 16 and 24 weeks post initial applications. Ten randomly selected carrots from each plot were examined for feeding damage to roots and presence of eggs and larvae in the roots and foliage. Data was analysed using covariance analysis with pre-treatment data serving as plot covariants and mean separations determined using the SAS procedure PDIFF and DNMRT.
Apple, Aphid Control, 1986
Authors: Forsythe H. Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Test chemicals were applied on 24 Jul to 18-year-old apple trees at Monmouth, Maine, as dilute sprays using a hand gun and a hydraulic sprayer operating at 250 psi at 350 gal/acre. There were 2 single tree replicates in each treatment in a randomized complete block design. The standard pesticide program during the course of this test consisted of Captan 80W (0.7 lb/100), Imidan 50W (1 lb/100), and Thiodan 50W (1 lb/ 100) applied on 1 Aug. Prior to treatment, 5 succulent terminal shoots were tagged around the periphery of each tree at a height of 1 to 2 m. Evaluation was based on a count of all live aphids on the distal 4 unfurled and 1 furled leaves and on each terminal stem included by these leaves. Weather during this test was generally wet; also 1 inch of rain occurred on 26 Jul. For 3 days following application of aphicides, maximum temperatures were 84° to 89°F.
Foliar Sprays to Control Insect Pests on Late-Planted Sweet Corn, 1986
Authors: Ghidiu Gerald M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Silver Treat’ sweet corn were planted 10 Jul to a Sassafras sandy loam field. Plots were 4 rows wide on 30-inch centers and 25-ft long. Foliar sprays at silking were applied with 4 nozzles/row, directed at the ear zone, using a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 83 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. The center two rows of each plot were treated and the outer two rows were untreated guard rows. Sprays were applied on 26, 29 Aug; 3, 5, 8 and 12 Sep. At harvest (17 Sep), twenty ears from the center 2 rows of each plot were husked and evaluated for ‘worm’ damage as “fresh-market” (clean ears, no damage evident), “processing” (evidence of tip feeding, but less than 3.6 cm tip damage) and “culls” (tip damage beyond 3.6 cm to the side and/or bottom). All ‘worms’ found within the husk or ear were identified, counted and recorded; all ears were then weighed and total weights recorded. On 28 Oct, twenty stalks from the center two rows of each plot were split from three nodes above the ear to three nodes below the ear and each 2.5 cm of European corn borer (ECB) damage was recorded as one cavity.
Onion Thrips Control on Onion in Louisiana, 1986
Authors: Story R. N. , Lye B. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A study was conducted at the St. Gabriel Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment, Louisiana State University, St. Gabriel, LA, in the spring of 1986 to evaluate the efficacy of certain compounds for the control of onion thrips on onion. Onion sets were transplanted on 38-inch rows on 12 Feb with a plant spacing of 6 inches. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications of single row plots 10 ft in length. Pesticides were applied with a hand-held CO2 pressurized sprayer delivering 40 gal/acre at 40 psi through a single spray nozzle containing a D-3 disc, No. 25 core, and 16 mesh strainer. Treatments were applied on 2, 14, and 24 Apr. Insect population counts were made on 11, 21, and 30 Apr. At each sampling date within each plot, 5 plants were randomly selected for sampling. The total number of thrips present on each plant was counted by careful examining each leaf.
Control of Colorado Potato Beetles on Potatoes with Foliar Sprays, 1986
Authors: Bowman James S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was located on the William Rodonis Farm, Litchfield, NH, where a Colorado potato beetle population known to be resistant to several registered insecticides is known to occur. The location had been planted with potatoes in 1985 which insured an adequate population of overwintering adults. ‘Norland’ Irish potato seed pieces were planted in rows spaced 3 ft apart on 25 Apr. Temik 15G was applied in the seed piece furrow at planting time at a rate of 20 lb/acre. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. Spray applications were begun on 10 Jun when the activity of Temik had subsided and adult beetles were laying eggs, Spray applications were made with a R & D C02 pressurized sprayer at a rate of 35 gal/acre (35 psi) using a hand-held boom with 4 nozzles which covered 2 rows. Applications were repeated on 23 Jun, 3 Jun, 15 Jul, and 24 Jul. Evaluations were made on 26 Jun and 17 Jul by counting the live larvae and adult beetles in each plot (50 ft row) that were visible from above without disturbing the foliage. A damage rating assessment was made on both dates using the M. Semel system of: L = visible feeding but less than 10% of foliage consumed; M = 10-25%; VS = greater than 51% but not totally defoliated; DEF = defoliated.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, 1986
Authors: Hollingsworth Craig S. , Voss Robert Hurley , Ferro David N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potatoes were planted on 8 May in South Deerfield, MA. Fertilizer was applied at planting (1000 lb/acre, 10N:10P:10K) and at first hilling (160 lb/acre of urea 45). Soil was a fine sandy loam with a pH of ca. 5.3. The previous year, potatoes had been grown in the same field; therefore, Colorado potato beetle (CPB) pressure was heavy. Treatment blocks were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of 2 30-ft rows with a 3 ft fallow area separating each plot. Applications were applied with a C02 pressurized sprayer at 40 psi, with a delivery rate of ca. 65 gal/acre. Applications were made on 18 and 19 Jun and on 3, 9 and 23 Jul. Foliar applications of Agrikelp (of 1.0 and 2.0 qt. formulation/acre) were applied on 29 Jun and 7 Jul. The synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) was tank mixed with Ambush treatments. Temik 15G applied at planting was administered to each seedpiece using calibrated hand scoops. Temik 15G (2.0 lb/AI) was applied at plant emergence on 3 Jun. CPB densities were determined by counting adults and larvae on 10 primary stalks in each plot. Densities were first determined 18 Jun, before foliar treatments were applied. Early Temik treatments had already effected larval densities by this time. At mid-season, each plot was rated for defoliation on a scale from 1 (0-20%) to 5 (81-100%). When a treatment scored 5's in 2 of 4 plots, further treatment and evaluation was discontinued.
Control of Colorado Potato Beetle with Bacillus Thubingiensis, 1986
Authors: Tompkins George J. , Linduska James J. , Martin Phyllis A. W. , Travers Russell S. , Diggs Diana , Lanham Mary Lynn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potatoes were planted on 18 Apr in a Norfolk “A” loamy sand at the University of Maryland Vegetable Research Farm near Salisbury, MD in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates; a guard row buffered each treated row. Rows were 3 ft apart, 40 ft long and plants were spaced 9 inches apart in the row. Treatments were applied with a trombone type garden sprayer calibrated to deliver 30 gal/acre. Each spray treatment was mixed in 1 liter of water to which 0.01% of a liquid detergent was added as a spreader. All rows were treated with their respective applications on 23, 30 May, 6, and 13 Jun. Colorado potato beetle (CPB) counts and foliage damage were taken on 5 and 12 Jun and the potatoes were hand dug on 19 Jun and 20. Potatoes were randomly selected and weighed from each row. Foliage damage was assessed as follows: 1 = visible feeding but less than 10% of foliage consumed; 2 = 10-20%; 3 = 21-50%; 4 = 51-90%; and 5 = total defoliation.
Wireworm Control on Potato, Moxee, WA, 1985
Authors: Toba H. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effectiveness of different rates of chemicals or application methods in reducing wireworm damage was evaluated in a solid-set sprinkler-irrigated field of potatoes. The soil type was Cleman very fine sandy loam (Aridic Haploxeroll) with a pH of 6.6-7.8 and an organic matter content of 1-2%. On 14 Mar, 3 wireworms were found in 50 soil samples obtained in the test area with a 5.5-in diam. posthole digger to a depth of at least 18 inches. On 25 Apr, preplant broadcast (PPB) applications of granules were made with a hand-operated Ortho® Whirlybird spreader, and the plots were rototilled to a depth of 4-6 inches within 1 h after application. On the same day, at-plant seed-piece furrow (APF) applications were made with Gandy® applicators mounted on the planter by placing granules in 1-inch bands in the planter shoe, level with and directly ahead of the seed pieces. On 5 Jun, postemergence topical incorporated (PETI) applications were made with tractor-mounted Gandy applicators by allowing granules to fall over the plants from the end of the delivery tube to which a spreader was attached; all plots were similarly treated with Temik 15G (3 lb (AI)/acre) for aphid control, then hilled with a Lilliston® cultivator immediately after treatment. Each plot measured 40 ft long and 11.3 ft wide (4 rows, 34-inch spacing), and each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. On 10 Oct, tuber samples were harvested from the 2 center rows of each plot (ca. 15 ft/row). Expressed as percentages of tubers by weight, an injured tuber was one with any wireworm feeding, and a damaged tuber was one with any injury as severe as described in Sec. 51.1560 and 51.1564 of the U.S. Standards for Grades of Potatoes.
Wireworm Control on Potato, Hermiston, OR, 1985
Authors: Toba H. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effectiveness of different rates of chemicals or application methods in reducing wireworm damage was evaluated in a solid-set sprinkler-irrigated field of potatoes. The soil type was Adkins fine sandy loam (Xerollic Camborthid) with a pH of 6.6-7.8 and an organic matter content of 0.5-1%. On 20 Mar, 3 wireworms were found in 50 soil samples obtained in the test area with a 5.5-in diam. posthole digger to a depth of at least 18 inches. On 24 Apr, preplant broadcast (PPB) applications of granules were made with a hand-operated Ortho® Whirlybird spreader, and the plots were rototilled to a depth of 4-6 inches within 1 h after application. On the same day, at-plant seed-piece furrow (APF) applications were made with Gandy applicators mounted on the planter by placing granules in 1-inch bands in the planter shoe, level with and directly ahead of the seed pieces. On 31 May, postemergence topical incorporated (PETI) applications were made with tractor-mounted Gandy applicators by allowing granules to fall over the plants from the end of the delivery tube to which a spreader was attached; all plots were similarly treated with Temik 15G (3 lb (AI)/acre) for aphid control, then hilled with a Lilliston cultivator immediately after treatment. Each plot measured 40 ft long and 11.3 ft wide (4 rows, 34-inch spacing), and each treatment was replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. On 8-9 Oct, tuber samples were harvested from the 2 center rows of each plot (ca. 15 ft/row). Expressed as percentages of tubers by weight, an injured tuber was one with any wireworm feeding, and a damaged tuber was one with any injury as severe as described in Sec. 51.1560 and 51.1564 of the U.S. Standards for Grades of Potatoes.
Control of Potato Leafhopper Nymphs with Foliar Insecticides, 1986
Authors: Watrin Clifford G. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potatoes were planted 24 May, at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. Plots were 40 ft long, with 40 inch row spacing, randomized in complete blocks with 3 replications. Insect numbers were estimated by counting nymphs on the underside of 30 leaves per plot. Foliar sprays were applied using a C02 powered hand-sprayer delivering 36 gal of water/acre at 35 psi. Treatments were applied 27 Jul, and evaluations were made 7 days posttreatment.
Aphid Suppression on Spinach, 1986
Authors: McLeod Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Five rows of spinach, each separated by 1 ft, were planted in 6-ft wide beds on 11 Nov at the Ralph McClure farm at Kibler, AR. Plots consisted of 1 bed (5 rows) x 30 ft. Plots were separated by 1-ft bare ground on each side and 3 ft of spinach separated plots within the same row. Experimental design was a randomized complete block (8 treatments x 4 replications). Sprays were applied 13 Mar with a hand held C02 sprayer equipped with 3 Delvan #10 nozzles and calibrated to deliver 15.5 gpa. Temperature at spraying was 47°F. Ten randomly selected plants were cut from each plot at 3 and 20 days after spraying and transferred to the laboratory where the number of live aphids were determined by plant dissection.
Foliar Sprays for Control of Colorado Potato Beetle on Tomatoes, 1986
Authors: Zehnder Geoffrey , Speese John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tomatoes were planted on 30 Apr at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single 25-ft long row bordered on each side by an untreated row. Between row spacing was 5 ft with 12-inch spacing between plants. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied with a propane compressed gas backpack sprayer using 3 hollow cone nozzles per row and delivering 75 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Applications were made on 8, 16, 20, and 28 May and 4, 13, and 23 Jun. Alsystin only was applied on 20 and 28 May and 4 Jun during peak Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larval activity. Evaluation criteria consisted of direct counts of the number of CPB on 10 stems per treatment.