bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Game changer in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder using RNA editing-based blood biomarkers
Authors: Abraham J.-D. , Salvetat N. , Checa-Robles F. , Patel V. , Cayzac C. , Dubuc B. , Vetter D. , Lang J.-P. , Courtet P. , Kupfer D. , Weissmann D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn clinical practice, differentiating Bipolar Disorder (BD) from unipolar depression is challenging due to the depressive symptoms, which are the core presentations of both disorders. Patients with BD are often misdiagnosed during depressive episodes resulting in a delay in proper treatment and a poor management of their condition.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to discriminate between unipolar depression and BD using a panel of RNA edited blood biomarkers.MethodsDepressed patients were classified according to clinical scores in MADRS and IDSC-30 depression scales. After blood collection and RNA extraction, we used whole-transcriptome sequencing to identify differential A-to-I editing events, and Targeted Next Generation Sequencing to validate those biomarkers.ResultsWe discovered 646 variants differentially edited between depressed patients and control in a discovery cohort of 57 participants. After using stringent criteria and biological pathway analysis, 6 biomarker candidates were singled out and tested in a validation cohort of 160 patients suffering from unipolar depression and 95 BD patients in a depressive episode, which allowed a differential diagnosis of BD with an AUC of 0.935 and high specificity (Sp=84.6%) and sensitivity (Se=90.9%).ConclusionsWe have shown that a combination of 6 blood RNA editing-related biomarkers allows to discriminate unipolar and bipolar depression This 6 BMKs panel may be crucial to improve BD diagnosis and orientate the treatment therefore addressing the needs of millions of patients suffering from misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment for their diseases. This will change the game for the management of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Polygenic risk and predominant polarity in individuals with bipolar disorder
Authors: Jensen S.H. , Østergaard S. , Musliner K. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIndividuals with bipolar disorder often have a ‘predominant polarity’ (e.g. depressive or manic) that characterizes the majority of episodes over the course of the illness. Genome-wide association studies have suggested a relationship between genetic risk and phenotypic heterogeneity in bipolar disorder. However, to date, no study has directly examined the association between polygenic liabilities and predominant polarity in bipolar disorder.ObjectivesTo estimate the associations between the polygenic risk score for major depressive disorder (PRS-MD), bipolar disorder (PRS-BD) and schizophrenia (PRS-SZ), and predominant polarity among individuals with bipolar disorder in hospital-based settings in Denmark.MethodsThe study sample will include all individuals from the Initiative for Integrated Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH2015) sample who received a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and were successfully genotyped (approximately 3,400). Information on polarity will be computed based on data from the Danish Central Psychiatric Research Register. PRS variables will be generated using the most recent results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Odds ratios for the associations between PRS variables and polarity will be estimated using logistic regression.ResultsWe hypothesize that PRS-MD will be highest among the predominantly depressed patients, that PRS-BD will be highest among those with predominantly manic/mixed episodes, and that PRS-SZ will be highest among those who experience psychotic mania or psychotic bipolar depression. The results will be shown at the conference.ConclusionsA finding of association between genetic liability and predominant polarity in bipolar disorder could pave the way for stratification on genetic liability in future treatment studies and in clinical practice.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Restricted visual scanpaths and hyperarousal during emotion recognition in childhood social anxiety disorder
Authors: Högström J. , Kleberg J. Lundin , Serlachius E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) typically develops during late childhood or early adolescence, and often runs a chronic course if left untreated. Maladaptive processing of social information has been suggested to contribute to the etiology and maintenance of SAD. Scanpaths are a succession of visual fixations and saccades through which individuals extract information during face perception. Atypically long scanpaths have previously been reported in adults with SAD but no studies have been conducted on youth samples. SAD has previously also been linked to atypical arousal during face processing.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate differences in visual attention and arousal to emotional faces comparing children and adolescents with SAD to a non-psychiatric population of youths.MethodsIn one of the largest eye-tracking studies of pediatric SAD to date, children and adolescents with SAD (n = 62) and healthy controls (n = 39) completed a task where they were meant to recognise different emotional expressions in pictures of faces while their eye movements were recorded. The visual scanpath and the pupil dilation response were examined.ResultsYouth with SAD showed restricted scanpaths, suggesting they scanned a more limited part of the face during face perception. Higher pupil dilation was also observed in the children and adolescents with SAD.ConclusionsThe restricted pattern of scanpath observed in youth with SAD is contrary to findings among adults, but similar to what has been reported in neurodevelopmental disorders associated with social interaction impairments such as autism. Restricted scanpaths may partially contribute to the maintencance of social anxiety disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Exploring depression in adolescents: How depression changes in early onset psychosis (EOP), clinical high risk (UHR) and clinical control (CC) patients
Authors: Monducci E. , Colafrancesco G. , Masillo A. , Brandizzi M. , Nastro P. Fiori , Ferrara M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDepression is very common in adolescent patients and impacts on their quality of life and functioning. Indeed, depression is an important clinical aspect for treatment, outcome, and prognosis.ObjectivesThis pilot study investigated the factorial structure of the Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia (CDSS) in a sample of help seeking adolescent patients, stratified in three clinical diagnostic subgroups: early onset psychosis (EOP), clinical high risk (UHR) and clinical control (CC). The relationships between these factors and SIPS domains and subjective experiences were also explored.MethodsSixty-nine subjects were examined to assess the severity of depressive symptoms and the degree of subjectively felt cognitive-affective vulnerability (i.e. basic symptoms)ResultsPrincipal component analysis revealed CDSS to include two main factors, namely: “guilty idea of reference-pathological guilt” (factor I), “depression-hopelessness” (factor II). Two factors revealed multiple correlations with SIPS domains and subjective experiences.ConclusionsThe results confirm the dual factorial structure of CDSS previously reported in the literature in adult samples, further increase our knowledge of the psychopathological components of depression in adolescents, and strongly suggest that CDSS can also be used in early diagnostic settingsDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Emotional experience of various types of cyberaggression by adolescents and youth
Authors: Soldatova G. , Chigarkova S. , Koshevaya A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe integration of digital technologies into everyday life leads to transformation of various socio-cultural practices, including related to destructive behavior. Among them, cyberaggression holds a leading position, especially in younger generation, and causes direct lasting negative impact on the psychological state of participants and affects (Martínez-Monteagudo et al., 2019; Wright, Wachs, 2020).ObjectivesThe goal of the study is to analyze the relationship between offline and online aggressions and the strength of negative emotional experiences of adolescents and youth, as well as parents’ awareness of this experience with their children.MethodsThe questionnaire was completed by 3395 people: 1554 adolescents aged 12-17 and 736 young people aged 18-30 from 8 federal districts of Russia.ResultsRespondents of all generations (64-74%) believe that people are more likely to experience painful or hostile situations in real life than online. Nevertheless, every fourth respondent (19-23%) says that events on the Internet can cause as much anxiety as events in real life. The least emotionally significant situations are flaming and cyberhate. Trolling causes strong feelings in every third adolescent, cyberstalking in every fifth, cyberbullying in every second. Both trolling and cyberstalking make girls more upset than boys, this is true for adolescents (12-13 and 14-17 years old) and youth (χ2=19.01-67.21, p<0.01, V=0.16-0.30).ConclusionsDifferences in emotional response to various types of cyberaggression require the development of differentiated approaches to the prevention of various situations of cyberaggression and the development of specific coping strategies in the collision with them. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project No. 20-013-00857.DisclosureThe reported study was funded by RFBR, project No. 20-013-00857.
Mood and suicidality amongst cyberbullied adolescents- a cross-sectional study from youth risk behavior survey
Authors: Hsieh Y.C. , Jain P. , Veluri N. , Bhela J. , Sheikh B. , Bangash F. , Gude J. , Subhedar R. , Zhang M. , Shah M. , Mansuri Z. , Aedma K. , Parikh T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is a limited literature available showing mental health burden among adolescents following cyberbullying.ObjectivesAim is to evaluate the association of low mood and suicidality amongst cyberbullied adolescents.MethodsA study on CDC National Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS) (1991-2017). Responses from adolescence related to cyberbullying and suicidality were evaluated. Chi-square and mix-effect multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the association of cyberbullying with sadness/hopelessness, suicide consideration, plan, and attempts.ResultsA total of 10,463 adolescents, 14.8% of adolescents faced cyberbullying a past year. There was a higher prevalence of cyberbullying in youths aged 15-17 years (25 vs 26 vs 23%), which included more females to males (68 vs 32%).(p<0.0001) Caucasians (53%) had the highest number of responses to being cyberbullied compared to Hispanics (24%), African Americans (11%).(p<0.0001) There was an increased prevalence of cyberbullied youths with feelings of sadness/hopelessness (59.6 vs 25.8%), higher numbers considering suicide (40.4 vs 13.2%), suicide plan (33.2 vs 10.8%), and multiple suicidal attempts in comparison to non-cyberbullied.(p<0.0001) On regression analysis, cyberbullied adolescence had a 155% higher chance of feeling sad and hopeless [aOR=2.55; 95%CI=2.39-2.72], considered suicide [1.52 (1.39-1.66)], and suicide plan [1.24 (1.13-1.36)].ConclusionsIn our study, cyberbullying was associated with negative mental health outcomes. Further research is warranted to examine the impact and outcomes of cyberbullying amongst adolescents and guiding the policies to mitigate the consequences.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bullying victimization/perpetration and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review
Authors: Serafini G. , Canepa G. , Aguglia A. , Amerio A. , Flouri E. , Pompili M. , Amore M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionExperience of bullying may be a significant risk factor for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).ObjectivesThis study had three aims: to systematically investigate the association between bullying and NSSI, to analyze the possible mechanisms underlying the two phenomena, and to evaluate any differences between bullying victimization and bullying perpetration with respect to NSSI.MethodsA systematic search about the association between bullying victimization and perpetration and NSSI was conducted using specific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct). The following keywords were used in all database searches: “bullying” AND “NSSI” OR “peer victimization” and NSSI.ResultsThe searches in PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct revealed a total of 88 articles about bullying or peer victimization and NSSI. However, only 29 met our inclusion criteria and were used for the present review. Overall, all studies examined victimization; 4 studies also evaluated the effects of perpetration and 1 included bully-victims. According to the main findings, both being a victim of bullying and perpetrating bullying may increase the risk of adverse psychological outcomes in terms of NSSI and suicidality in the short and the long run.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to systematically evaluate the relation between bullying victimization/perpetration and NSSI. The main results support a positive association. Future research should evaluate the possible role of specific mediators/moderators of the association between experience of bullying and NSSI.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Young people are not invincible”: What drives young people’s health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in greece?
Authors: Peppou L.E. , Giannouchos T. , Samara M. , Nimatoudis I. , Papageorgiou C. , Economou M. , Souliotis K. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe illusion of invulnerability has been linked to lower perceived risk and increased engagement in risky behaviors among youth. Therefore, it has been purported to influence young people’s poor adherence to public health measures aiming to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Concomitantly, beliefs about the virus and mental health may also shape public health behaviours.ObjectivesTo investigate the role of beliefs, perceived invincibility and mental health status in explaining frequency of hand-washing and hours outside the house among youth in GreeceMethodsA total of 1.899 students, aged between 18-29 years old, were recruited from the main universities of the country. An online questionnaire entailing: (i) popular beliefs about COVID-19, (ii) the DASS-21, (iii) the Adolescent Invincibility Tool and (iv) queries about health behaviours, was distributed during the lockdown period.ResultsMost participants reported washing their hands rarely/never within a day (78.6%) and spending 2-6 hours outside the house (68.1%). Handwashing was largely influenced by mental health [OR = 0.94, 95%CI= 0.91 – 0.98 for stress; OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.93-0.99 for anxiety and OR = 1.05, 95%CI= 1.02-1.08 for depression]; while hours outside the house by perceptions that the virus is out of control [OR=0.76, 95%CI = 0.61-0.95], manufactured [OR=1.21, 95%CI = 1.53, 95%CI =1.21 – 1.93] and airborne [OR= 0.78, 95%CI = 0.64-0.95].ConclusionsAddressing stress and anxiety as well as health education interventions should be prioritized to foster young people’s adherence to public health measures amid the pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Perinatal depression and developmental risk of the infant: Analysis of a clinical sample and assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pucci C. , O. P. M. Caccialupi , Panfili M. , Giacchetti N. , Aceti F. , Sogos C. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStudies on large samples agree on the negative impact of maternal perinatal depression (PD) on child’s cognitive development. Early experience with insensitive maternal interactions appears to be predictive of poorer cognitive functioning. These children present a higher risk for the onset of socioemotional development, nutrition, growth and sleep disorders. Research on Covid-19 pandemic suggests that families, particularly mothers, may be at increased risk of psychological distress.ObjectivesThis study evaluates the effect of perinatal depression on child development and the impact of distress caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.MethodsWe designed a case-control study comparing, during Covid-19 pandemic, a group-A of children of mothers with PD (n=19), with a group-B of children of healthy mothers (n=21). The age of the children recruited was 4-35 months. Participating mothers underwent DP3-Interview and the socioemotional and adaptive-behavior Bayley’s scales by telephone and completed an online survey (IES-R).ResultsWe found significantly lower scores on the Bayley socioemotional scale and in all the DP3-scales, in group-A. There is an inversely proportional correlation between the age of these children and overall development score of the DP3. On the IES-R scale, the medium scores in both groups show no psychological distress as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic, although mothers with PD show borderline total scores and higher hyperarousal scale values.ConclusionsThis study confirms that PD is a risk factor for the onset of disorders in all areas of the child’s development. Mothers with PD are less likely to manage psychological distress secondary to the pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
In this study: Adapting to the new normal in COVID-19 pandemic; a global survey & literature review
Authors: Arain F. , Tohid A. , Arain A. , Adam D. , Khan F. , Talpur A. , Arain A. , Azeem W. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionGlobally, governments have enforced protective measures of social distancing to prevent COVID-19 spread. The lifestyles of public have essentially transformed due to these actions. This study evaluates the effects of COVID-19 on connections and behavior/life adaptations.ObjectivesChanges in life style and behavior in COVID-19-PandemicMethodsWe conducted a global cross-sectional study via survey on phone apps and social media platforms in population aged ≥ 16, including questions regarding demographic data and lifestyle changes. We also searched databases APA PsycNet, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Medline; reviewed 40 articles and included 3 in this review, a cross-sectional online survey1, a planned questionnaire2, and a study on 600 adolescents, age 10-19 in Palestine3ResultsOur survey data showed total of 1002 responses, 31.7% decreased sleep, 42.1% increased appetite, 70.6% bulk-buying, and 50.2% weight gain. 43.1% less socialization than before, 78.7% increased screen time, 53.5% excessive hand washing/wiping surfaces, 45% reported social distancing facilitated in overpowering the fear of contracting infection, 29.4% negative impact on relationships, 80.7% noticed changes in behavior including shaking hands/hugging/speaking with a mask on, 49.5% adopted new hobbies, 34.9% showed increase in meditation. The literature review revealed that since COVID-19, there is an increase in screen time, weight, appetite, sleep, and a decrease in physical activity1-3, and greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet in younger population2ConclusionsCOVID-19 induced quarantine has caused increased screen time, appetite, weight gain, adoption of new hobbies, bulk-buying, hand washing, meditation, reduced sleep, and negatively impacted interaction/relationships. COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and our data needs further assessment in more population studies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychopathological consequences and dysfunctional behaviours during the COVID-19 epidemic in italy: A longitudinal study before and after the lockdown
Authors: Cassioli E. , Rossi E. , Castellini G. , Sanfilippo G. , Silvestri C. , Voller F. , Ricca V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn the first months of 2020 the COVID-19 epidemic spread in Italy, and the Italian government implemented a general lockdown. These events are at high risk for psychiatric symptoms in the general population, including anxiety/depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).ObjectivesTo characterize the psychopathological correlates of the spread of COVID-19 and lockdown in a sample of subjects from the Italian population, with a before-after follow-up.MethodsSix weeks after the lockdown, 671 subjects aged 18-60 years completed the Brief Symptom Inventory and Impact of Event Scale-Revised, for the evaluation of psychopathology and PTSS respectively. Environmental factors and subjectively-perceived deteriorations related to COVID-19 were also investigated. Pre-COVID-19 data on psychopathology, collected in December 2019/January 2020, were available for 130 subjects and were used for longitudinal analyses.ResultsWith respect to males, female subjects more frequently reported deteriorations of relations (21.5% vs 10.9%), household arguments (26.0% vs 12.6%), sleep quality (47.6% vs 26.6%), episodes of overeating (22.5% vs 12.5%), worries for oneself (19% vs 8.9%) and for loved ones (55.7% vs 36.5%). These changes were associated with increased psychopathology, PTSS, and numerous environmental conditions, including significant economic damage from COVID-19/lockdown. Longitudinal analyses showed an increase in phobic anxiety in the whole sample, and in depression for female subjects only, following the spread of COVID-19. Pre-existing psychopathology was a significant predictor of PTSS.ConclusionsCOVID-19 epidemic and lockdown have a high impact on psychopathology and PTSS. Female subjects and those with pre-existing psychopathology were found to be more vulnerable and may need additional support.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Professionals’ experience of the rapid implementation of a remote consultation model of healthcare: A survey of clinicians in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Boughdady M. , Connah L. , Inman J. , Jaydeokar S. , Marnoch D. , Nathan R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDespite the availability of remote consolation and the evidence for its effectiveness, its adoption has been relatively limited (Hashiguchi, 2020). In light of COVID social distancing measures, there was an immediate requirement to adopt this technology into routine practice.ObjectivesThe objective of this evaluation was to examine clinicians’ experiences of the urgent adoption of digital technology in a NHS provider of mental health and community physical health services.MethodsFrom a staff survey (n=234) of experiences of working during a period when there were significant levels of Covid-related restrictions, data was extracted and subject to thematic analysis by a research team made up of clinicians, academics, and quality improvement specialists.ResultsFive key themes relevant to the urgent adoption of digital technology were identified (figure 1): (1) Availability of staff for patient contact was generally felt to be improved; (2) Quality of contact was reported to be variable (e.g. some respondents reporting better rapport with patients, whereas others found remote contact interfered with rapport building); (3) Safeguarding concerns were reported to be more difficult to identify through remote consultation; (4) Contingency plans were recommended to allow for vulnerable patients for whom remote consultation was a problem; (5) Multi-agency working was reported to be strengthened.ConclusionsThe findings from this evaluation allow for an informed approach to future adoption of remote consultation in routine practice.DisclosureNo significant relationships.