bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Way Forward
Authors: de Siqueira Isabel Rocha 
Published: October 2022

The challenges people in the g7+ have faced so far are, first and foremost, the challenges of dealing with people and politics. Before joining the g7+, they were already civil servants and professionals who believed in planning and implementing public policy, in the possibility of mobilizing political will for peace and development and, in many cases, in the viability of engaging international partners in more equal dialogues. Being part of the g7+, these beliefs are challenged by many difficulties. Meetings can’t be outcomes; assessments can’t be results; travels can’t become the modus operandi for any truthful collective changes; there can be no template that will solve complex issues; and one needs to impact narratives, frameworks and agendas while making sure there are changes on the ground.
Whatever practices are designed to achieve this, they will be profoundly cultural. How to nurture social bonds capable of propelling positive change will vary from context to context, as the g7+ emphasizes, but it clearly includes a commitment to value one’s culture – which also means cultural diversity – and to make sure this message is passed on to the next generations. Unfortunately, in a field full of templates and frameworks, people and their cultures can be forgotten. This book has attempted to show their importance in a very specific context.
Impacts of Vertical Nonuniform Beam Filling on the Observability of Secondary Ice Production due to Sublimation
Authors: Carlin Jacob T. , Dunnavan Edwin L. , Ryzhkov Alexander V. , Oue Mariko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quasi-vertical profiles (QVPs) of polarimetric radar data have emerged as a powerful tool for studying precipitation microphysics. Various studies have found enhancements in specific differential phase Kdp in regions of suspected secondary ice production (SIP) due to rime splintering. Similar Kdp enhancements have also been found in regions of sublimating snow, another proposed SIP process. This work explores these Kdp signatures for two cases of sublimating snow using nearly collocated S- and Ka-band radars. The presence of the signature was inconsistent between the radars, prompting exploration of alternative causes. Idealized simulations are performed using a radar beam-broadening model to explore the impact of nonuniform beam filling (NBF) on the observed reflectivity Z and Kdp within the sublimation layer. Rather than an intrinsic increase in ice concentration, the observed Kdp enhancements can instead be explained by NBF in the presence of sharp vertical gradients of Z and Kdp within the sublimation zone, which results in a Kdp bias dipole. The severity of the bias is sensitive to the Z gradient and radar beamwidth and elevation angle, which explains its appearance at only one radar. In addition, differences in scanning strategies and range thresholds during QVP processing can constructively enhance these positive Kdp biases by excluding the negative portion of the dipole. These results highlight the need to consider NBF effects in regions not traditionally considered (e.g., in pure snow) due to the increased Kdp fidelity afforded by QVPs and the subsequent ramifications this has on the observability of sublimational SIP.

Significance Statement
Many different processes can cause snowflakes to break apart into numerous tiny pieces, including when they evaporate into dry air. Purported evidence of this phenomenon has been seen in data from some weather radars, but we noticed it was not seen in data from others. In this work we use case studies and models to show that this signature may actually be an artifact from the radar beam becoming too big and there being too much variability of the precipitation within it. While this breakup process may actually be occurring in reality, these results suggest we may have trouble observing it with typical weather radars.
High-Priced Textbooks’ Impact on Community College Student Success
Authors: Becker Kristen L. , Safa Rachel , Becker Kyleigh M. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: This research study examined textbook costs and student success rates at one community college in the Southwest United States. Method: Descriptive statistics were used in the study to identify the mean textbook costs and student success rates over five semesters. Chi-square tests for independence were used to determine if a statistically significant relationship exists between textbook costs and student success rates based on course level of lower or upper-level courses. Results: The chi-square tests of independence found a statistically significant relationship between textbook costs and student success rates in lower and upper-level courses. Contributions: Research shows college students often opt not to purchase commercial textbooks due to costs, thus resulting in higher D, F, and W rates. The results of this study support numerous recent research studies on the impact of textbook costs and student success.
Does it get better? An ongoing exploration of physician experiences with and acceptance of telehealth utilization
Authors: Wilhite Jeffrey A , Phillips Zoe , Altshuler Lisa , Fisher Harriet , Gillespie Colleen , Goldberg Eric , Wallach Andrew , Hanley Kathleen , Zabar Sondra 
Published: October 2022

Introduction COVID-19 forced health systems to rapidly implement telehealth for routine practice, often without sufficient training or standards. We conducted a longitudinal survey of physicians to explore changes in their perceptions of the challenges and benefits of telehealth and identify recommendations for future practice. Methods An anonymous online survey was distributed to a cohort of internal medicine physicians in May to June 2020 and March to June 2021. Changes in responses between 2020 and 2021 and by site (private vs. public) were described. These findings, along with those of a thematic analysis of open-ended responses to questions on telehealth experiences, informed a set of recommendations. Results The survey response rate was 111/391 in 2021 compared to 122/378 in 2020. Fewer physicians reported that telehealth was more difficult than in person with regards to taking a history (49% in 2020, 33% in 2021, p= 0.015), maximizing patient adherence (33% in 2020, 19% in 2021, p = 0.028), and maintaining patient relationships (31%, 25%, p = 0.009) in 2021. Similar proportions of physicians reported continued challenges with building new patient relationships (75%, 77%, p = 0.075), educating patients (40%, 32%, p = 0.393), and working collaboratively with their team (38%, 41%, p = 0.794). Physicians reported increased satisfaction with tele-visits over in-person visits (13%, 27%, p = 0.006) and less worry over doing future tele-visits (45%, 31%, p = 0.027). Physicians’ open-ended responses identified recommendations for further improving the design and use of telehealth. Discussion Results suggest that physician experience with telehealth improved but opportunities for training and improved integration remain. Longitudinal assessment can deepen understanding of the evolution of telehealth care.
An initial framework for use of ultrasound by speech and language therapists in the UK: Scope of practice, education and governance
Authors: Allen Jodi Elizabeth , Cleland Joanne , Smith Mike 
Published: October 2022

Background: There is growing evidence to support the use of ultrasound as a tool for the assessment and treatment of speech, voice and swallowing disorders across the Speech and Language Therapy profession. Research has shown that development of training competencies, engagement with employers and the professional body are vital to progressing ultrasound into practice. Methods: We present a framework to support translation of ultrasound into Speech and Language Therapy. The framework comprises three elements: (1) scope of practice, (2) education and competency and (3) governance. These elements align to provide a foundation for sustainable and high-quality ultrasound application across the profession. Results: Scope of practice includes the tissues to be imaged, the clinical and sonographic differentials and subsequent clinical decision-making. Defining this provides transformational clarity to Speech and Language Therapists, other imaging professionals and those designing care pathways. Education and competency are explicitly aligned with the scope of practice and include requisite training content and mechanisms for supervision/support from an appropriately trained individual in this area. Governance elements include legal, professional and insurance considerations. Quality assurance recommendations include data protection, storage of images, testing of ultrasound devices as well as continuous professional development and access to a second opinion. Conclusion: The framework provides an adaptable model for supporting expansion of ultrasound across a range of Speech and Language Therapy specialities. By taking an integrated approach, this multifaceted solution provides the foundation for those with speech, voice and swallowing disorders to benefit from advances in imaging-informed healthcare.
Parental intimate partner violence and abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: Learning from remote and hybrid working to influence future support
Authors: Alderson Hayley , Barrett Simon , Addison Michelle , Burns Samantha , Cooling Victoria , Hackett Simon , Kaner Eileen , McGovern William , Smart Deborah , McGovern Ruth 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated intimate partner violence and abuse. Incidents of intimate partner violence and abuse have increased as a result of household tensions due to enforced coexistence (multiple national lockdowns and working from home practices), economic stress related to loss of income, the disruption of social and protective networks and the decreased access to support services. This study aimed to understand how female survivors of parental intimate partner violence and abuse have experienced the adapted multi-agency response to intimate partner violence and abuse during the pandemic and consider learning from remote and hybrid working to influence future support. Method: This study adopted a qualitative research design, utilizing semi-structured interviews and a focus group. Data collection took place between March and September 2021. In total, 17 female survivors of intimate partner violence and abuse took part in the project; we conducted the semi-structured interviews via telephone (n = 9) and conducted an online focus group (n = 8). Results: Findings identified that services for those experiencing intimate partner violence and abuse need to be innovative, flexible and adaptable and ‘reach out’ to survivors rather than waiting for survivors to ‘reach in’ and ask for support. Findings show that the digital space highlights ‘missed opportunities’ for engagement with both professionals and peers and the potential for digital poverty is a key implication, which risks entrenching existing inequalities. Conclusion: In-depth consideration needs to be given to the design, delivery and evaluation of online interventions and provision of support to improve access and acceptability of services, maximize their effectiveness and to support the safety of survivors.
High tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP 5b) level in cystic fluid is a significant prognostic marker for postoperative recurrence in solitary bone cysts
Authors: Hoshi Manabu , Oebisu Naoto , Iwai Tadashi , Shimatani Akiyoshi , Takada Naoki , Ban Yoshitaka , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The pathogenesis of cystic fluid storage in solitary bone cysts remains unclear. We aimed to compare the results of the biochemical analysis of cystic fluid with clinical findings. We identified a significant marker of postoperative recurrence. Methods: Twenty-seven male and eight female patients were studied; the median age at diagnosis was 11 (5–23) years. The mean follow-up period was 60 months (range: 14–146 months). Clinical information including sex, age, affected site, radiological findings of phase (active or latent), surgical procedure, outcome, and biochemical analysis of serum and cystic fluid was obtained. Results: The 5-year healing rate was 64.0%. Biochemical analysis revealed that total protein and albumin values in the cystic fluid were significantly lower, compared to those in the serum. Levels of bone turnover markers, such as alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b were remarkably elevated in the cystic fluid than in the serum. R values were 0.127, 0.076, and 0.095 for alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, respectively. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves, calculated to assess the association of alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b levels in the cystic fluid with postoperative recurrence, were 0.57, 0.51, and 0.70, respectively. Conclusions: No clear correlation of bone turnover marker levels between the serum and cystic fluid was observed. The high tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b level in the cystic fluid was associated with postoperative recurrence. The bone resorption caused by osteoclasts is considered to affect postoperative recurrence. Level of evidence: Level IV.
Restless legs syndrome in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Baykal Şahin Hanife , Karacaoğlu Soykan , Çapkın Erhan , Kara Fatma 
Published: October 2022

Background: Based on studies showing that both chronic low back pain (LBP) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) have similar pathophysiological mechanisms, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of RLS in patients with chronic LBP and to define which demographic and clinical features are prominent in those with LBP accompanied by RLS. Methods: One hundred and two eligible, volunteer participants with chronic LBP were enrolled in this study. Visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, and Short Form-36 scales were applied to the patients. All patients were evaluated face-to-face for RLS using the International RLS study group diagnostic criteria. Results: Most of our patients were women (52%). The mean age was 40.96±13.34 years and the mean disease duration was 46.16±41.98 months. RLS was detected in 36 (35.3%) of the patients with LBP. It was found that the female gender was more dominant in patients with RLS and the difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.001). The amount of coffee intake was significantly higher in patients with RLS compared to those without RLS ( p = 0.001). The disease duration for LBP was significantly higher in the patients with RLS ( p = 0.003). VAS score, ODI score, PUKI score, and Beck depression score were significantly higher in the RLS group ( p value were 0.048, 0.040, 0.007, and 0.043, respectively). In the evaluation of quality of life, all parameters except role emotional limitations and mental health were found to be significantly worse in the RLS group.
Identifying essential factors that influence user engagement with digital mental health tools in clinical care settings: Protocol for a Delphi study
Authors: Lo Brian , Pham Quynh , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Wiljer David , Strudwick Gillian 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Improving effective user engagement with digital mental health tools has become a priority in enabling the value of digital health. With increased interest from the mental health community in embedding digital health tools as part of care delivery, there is a need to examine and identify the essential factors in influencing user engagement with digital mental health tools in clinical care. The current study will use a Delphi approach to gain consensus from individuals with relevant experience and expertise (e.g. patients, clinicians and healthcare administrators) on factors that influence user engagement (i.e. an essential factor). Methods Participants will be invited to complete up to four rounds of online surveys. The first round of the Delphi study comprises of reviewing existing factors identified in literature and commenting on whether any factors they believe are important are missing from the list. Subsequent rounds will involve asking participants to rate the perceived impact of each factor in influencing user engagement with digital mental health tools in clinical care contexts. This work is expected to consolidate the perspectives from relevant stakeholders and the academic literature to identify a core set of factors considered essential in influencing user engagement with digital mental health tools in clinical care contexts.
Ultra-low-dose non-contrast CT and CT angiography can be used interchangeably for assessing maximal abdominal aortic diameter
Authors: Borgbjerg Jens , Christensen Heidi S , Al-Mashhadi Rozh , Bøgsted Martin , Frøkjær Jens B , Medrud Lise , Larsen Nis Elbrønd , Lindholt Jes S 
Published: October 2022

Background Routine CT scans may increasingly be used to document normal aortic size and to detect incidental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Purpose To determine whether ultra-low-dose non-contrast CT (ULDNC-CT) can be used instead of the gold standard CT angiography (CTA) for assessment of maximal abdominal aortic diameter. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 50 patients who underwent CTA and a normal-dose non–contrast CT for suspected renal artery stenosis. ULDNC-CT datasets were generated from the normal-dose non–contrast CT datasets using a simulation technique. Using the centerline technique, radiology consultants ( n = 4) and residents ( n = 3) determined maximal abdominal aortic diameter. The limits of agreement with the mean (LOAM) was used to access observer agreement. LOAM represents how much a measurement by a single observer may plausibly deviate from the mean of all observers on the specific subject. Results Observers completed 1400 measurements encompassing repeated CTA and ULDNC-CT measurements. The mean diameter was 24.0 and 25.0 mm for CTA and ULDNC-CT, respectively, yielding a significant but minor mean difference of 1.0 mm. The 95% LOAM reproducibility was similar for CTA and ULDNC-CT (2.3 vs 2.3 mm). In addition, the 95% LOAM and mean diameters were similar for CTA and ULDNC-CT when observers were grouped as consultants and residents. Conclusions Ultra-low-dose non–contrast CT exhibited similar accuracy and reproducibility of measurements compared with CTA for assessing maximal abdominal aortic diameter supporting that ULDNC-CT can be used interchangeably with CTA in the lower range of aortic sizes.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Performance of Indian Stock Market: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Manu K. S.  , Shetty A. Shivakanth 
Published: October 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic had not only brought destruction to the human lives but also destabilized the financial markets across the world. Although there were some studies conducted on the impact of COVID-19 on the financial markets in the developed economies, very few studies were conducted on the developing economies like India. Hence, this study intends to measure the impact of COVID-19 on the Indian stock market, especially on NIFTY50, and all the major sectorial indices of National Stock Exchange (NSE). The study also makes an attempt to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the Indian stock market in various time periods (lockdown, pre-lockdown, and full sample time periods). For this purpose, the researchers have used EGARCH and regression models to measure the sectoral impact of COVID-19 on NIFTY. The study finds asymmetrical reactions on positive and negative shocks in the Indian stock market. The β2 coefficient, which explains asymmetric volatility, is significant and positive for FMCG, realty, oil and gas, and consumer durables, suggesting the presence of asymmetric effect, but has no leverage effect. It implies that positive news has greater effects on volatility than negative news. In other words, investors are more prone to positive shocks than negative shocks with the same magnitude. While β2 is found to be significant and negative for NIFTY, bank, information technology, and financial services, which clearly depicts the presence of leverage effect. It suggests the presence of asymmetrical reactions on unfavorable shocks in these indices.
Trends in Practice Among Shoulder Specialists in the Management of Frozen Shoulder: A Consensus Survey
Authors: Pandey Vivek , Chidambaram Ram , Modi Amit , Babhulkar Ashish , Pardiwala Dinshaw N. , Willems W. Jaap , Thilak Jai , Maheshwari Jitender , Narang Kush , Kamat Nilesh , Gupta Prateek , Reddy Raghuveer , Desai Sanjay , Sundararajan S.R. , Samanta Swarnendu 
Published: October 2022

Background: The management of frozen shoulder (FS) differs depending on experience level and variation between scientific guidelines and actual practice. Purpose: To determine the current trends and practices in the management of FS among shoulder specialists and compare them with senior shoulder specialists. Study Design: Consensus statement. Methods: A team of 15 senior shoulder specialists (faculty group) prepared a questionnaire comprising 26 questions regarding the definition, terminology, clinical signs, investigations, management, and prognosis of FS. The questionnaire was mailed to all the registered shoulder specialists of Shoulder and Elbow Society, India (SESI) (specialist group; n = 230), as well as to the faculty group (n = 15). The responses of the 2 groups were compared, and levels of consensus were determined: strong (>75%), broad (60%-74.9%), inconclusive (40%-59.9%), or disagreement (<40%). Result: Overall, 142 of the 230 participants in the specialist group and all 15 participants in the faculty group responded to the survey. Both groups strongly agreed that plain radiographs are required to rule out a secondary cause of FS, routine magnetic resonance imaging is not indicated to confirm FS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be administered at bedtime, steroid injection (triamcinolone or methylprednisolone) is the next best option if analgesics fail to provide pain relief, passive physical therapy should be avoided in the freezing phase, <10% of patients would require any surgical intervention, and patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction tend to fare poorly. There was broad agreement that routine thyroid dysfunction screening is unnecessary for women, a single 40-mg steroid injection via intra-articular route is preferred, and arthroscopic capsular release (ACR) results in a better outcome than manipulation under anesthesia (MUA). Agreement was inconclusive regarding the use of combined random blood sugar (RBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin versus lone RBS to screen for diabetes in patients with FS, preference of ACR versus MUA to treat resistant FS, and the timing of surgical intervention. There was disagreement over the most appropriate term for FS, the preferred physical therapy modality for pain relief, the most important movement restriction for early diagnosis of FS, and complications seen after MUA. Conclusion: This survey summarized the trend in prevalent practices regarding FS among the shoulder specialists and senior shoulder surgeons of SESI.