bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivating Differently-Aged Non-Athlete Students to Engage in Physical Culture
Authors: Гут Ю.Н. 
Published: August 2022

В статье представлен анализ мотивации к занятиям физической культурой, а также факторов, снижающих двигательную активность у студентов первых и выпускных курсов неспортивных специальностей педагогического института.Актуальность исследования обусловлена усиливающимся вниманием к проблеме сохранения и укрепления здоровья студенческой молодежи. Однако, как показывает ряд исследований, вследствие увеличения учебной нагрузки, роста интеллектуального и нервно-психического напряжения, снижается двигательная активность студентов и как следствие — потребность в физических нагрузках. Целью нашего исследования является изучение особенностей мотивации к занятиям физической культурой студентов неспортивных специальностей на разных этапах обучения. Предполагается, что у студентов старших курсов за счет влияния внешних факторов снижается потребность в регулярных физических упражнениях. В исследовании приняли участие студенты педагогического института первого, четвертых-пятых курсов бакалавриата и специалитета в возрасте 18–22 лет (N = 98). Выявлены особенности мотивов, побуждающих к занятиям физической культурой обучающихся на первых и выпускных курсах. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы преподавателями для проведения занятий физической культурой у студентов первых курсов в целях решения проблемы сохранения и укрепления здоровья в процессе обучения в вузе и после его окончания.
The article analyzes students’ motivation to engage in physical culture. It also analyzes factors that lead to a decline in physical activity in first-year students and last-year students who do not major in sports.The relevance of the research is accounted for by the growing attention to the issue of preserving and improving students’ health. However, according to some research, students’ physical activity tends to decline due to the increase of cognitive and neuro-psychological stress. Therefore, it is essential that students should be engaged in physical culture. The aim of our research is to investigate non-sport students’ motivation to engage in physical culture and sports. The author hypothesises that due to various external factors, senior students have lower demand for regular physical activity. The survey involved 98 freshmen and senior students of a pedagogical institute aged 18–22. The research uncovers first year students’ and senior students’ motivation to engage in physical culture. The obtained results can be used in PE classrooms to preserve and improve first-year students’ health during university studies and after graduation.
Parent Involvement Committees and their Efforts Aimed at the Promotion of Gymnasium Education in the Ryazan Province in the Early 20th Century
Authors: Филимонов С.В. 
Published: August 2022

В данной статье рассматривается деятельность родительских комитетов по развитию гимназий Рязанской губернии в 1905–1918 годах. Прослеживаются этапы создания, функционирования родительских объединений и основные направления их работы. Особое внимание уделено роли родительских комитетов по стабилизации ситуации в гимназиях во время первой русской революции, созданию условий для успешного ведения учебно-воспитательного процесса. Описывается опыт работы родительских комитетов рязанских гимназий: по содействию в усовершенствовании учебно-воспи-тательного процесса, отстаиванию прав учащихся, налаживанию взаимодействия между преподавателями и учениками в кризисных ситуациях, решению хозяйственных проблем учебных заведений, организации социальной помощи гимназистам, анализируется роль председателей родительских объединений в деятельности классических гимназий. Автор приходит к выводу, что неформальное участие родительских комитетов в деятельности учебных заведений сыграло положительную роль в развитии гимназического образования в Рязанской губернии.
The article treats the efforts undertaken by Parent Involvement Committees and aimed at the promotion of gymnasium education in the Ryazan Province in 1905-1918. The article focuses on various stages, functions and directions of their work. Special attention is given to the role of Parent Involvement Committees in the stabilization of the situation in gymnasiums during the revolution. The article describes the role of the Parent Involvement Committees in the promotion of students’ rights, on ensuring effective teacher-student communication, on solving critical issues, on providing assistance to students in need. The author concludes that informal participation of Parent Involvement Committees played an important role in the development of humanitarian education in the Ryazan Province.
International Relations in the Russian Feudal State in the 16th Century as Represented in History Textbooks in the USSR (in the Late 1930s — the Early 1960s)
Authors: Тихомиров Н.В. 
Published: August 2022

Предметом статьи является отражение межнациональных отношений в Русском государстве в советских учебниках истории конца 1930-х — начала 1960-х годов. Цели: проследить изменения в изложении учебного материала, определить факторы данного процесса, выявить идейно-теоретические установки авторов школьных учебников и показать их эволюционное развитие. В ходе исследования были получены выводы о характере и направленности изменений в освещении авторами учебных пособий взаимоотношений русского и других народов в составе единого государства. На основе сравнительного анализа материалов учебников показано, что ведущей тенденцией в работе историков на указанном направлении было стремление усилить патриотическую составляющую в подаче материала. Историками-марксистами была отвергнута оценка исторической роли великороссов, данная в концепции М. Н. Покровского, и выработана новая модель представления отношений между народами, вошедшими в состав объединенной державы. Материалы статьи призваны способствовать углублению научных представлений об особенностях развития отечественной исторической науки эпохи сталинизма. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при осуществлении историографических исследований, а также в методической практике.The article focuses on the representation of Russian international relations in Soviet history books published in the late 1930s – early 1960s. The aim of the article is to investigate factors influencing a change in the perspective from which the historical process is viewed, to explore the evolution of guidelines used by the authors of history textbooks. The investigation performed by the author of the article throws light on the changes in historians’ attitude to the description of international relations within a multinational state. A comparative analysis of history textbooks shows that historians tended to view historic events through the prism of patriotism. Marxist historians rejected M. N. Pokrovsky’s assessment of the historical role of Russian people and introduced a historical model aimed at highlighting the role of national collaboration. The article is meant to enable researchers to better understand the peculiarities of the development of Russian history in the Stalin era. The results of the investigation can be used by historiographers and history teachers.
RESPON KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK HALAL DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS PADA PRODUK ICE CREAM WALLS
Authors: Ekowati Titin , Puspitasari Intan , Widjajani Susi , Utami Esti Margiyanti , Budiyanto Budiyanto 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian tentang konsep produk halal pada suatu perusahaan menjadi sangat penting karena pasar muslim yang sangat potensial di Indonesia dan di dunia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pemahaman konsumen di Indonesia tentang produk makanan halal dan mengidentifikasi posisi merek produk makanan halal di benak konsumen Muslim di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pemahaman konsumen di Indonesia tentang produk Ice Cream Walls sebagai produk halal dan mengidentifikasi posisi merek produk Ice Cream Walls sebagai produk makanan halal dari aspek kehalalan produk, label halal, merek halal, iklan halal, dan kesan sebagai merek halal. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum konsumen di Indonesia mayoritas muslim sehingga produk yang difahami oleh konsumen sebagai produk makanan halal akan diminati konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua partisipan dalam penelitian ini mengkonsumsi produk Ice Cream Walls karena mempunyai keyakinan bahwa produk ini merupakan produk makanan yang halal untuk dikonsumsi. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa seluruh partisipan penelitian cenderung memaknai produk halal dalam hal ini produk Ice Cream Walls sebagai produk yang mengandung nilai-nilai halal, memiliki label halal, menunjukkan iklan yang memuat nilai-nilai halal, dan menunjukkan kesan sebagai merek halal.Keywords: Produk halal, Nilai Halal, Label Halal, Iklan Halal, Merek Halal
Teorías de la Enseñanza a Distancia
Authors: Achhab Abdellatif 
Published: August 2022

A lo largo de la historia de enseñanza a distancia, un grupo considerable de investigadores especialistas han logrado dotar a este campo de un marco teórico conceptual, que representa tanto para ellos como para los estudiosos el eslabón más importante dentro de este proceso. Hay diversos aportes que intentan formular una base teórica de enseñanza a distancia que se tratará en este artículo presentando los fundamentos teóricos más significativos que se han desarrollado hasta hoy en día. El estudio se realizó con el objetivo de recopilar, analizar y comparar las teorías fundamentales que regulan la enseñanza a distancia partiendo de fuentes documentales. Esta propuesta se basó en una investigación documental, bajo el método comparativo, paradigma hermenéutico, enfoque cualitativo, tipo informativa-interpretativa y diseño biográfico. Para realizar un estudio comparativo de teorías de la enseñanza a distancia, bajo un enfoque cualitativo. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad sacar a luz las ventajas de cada teoría con el fin de aprovecharla al máximo en nuestra tarea docente. Tras un análisis comparativo de las teorías expuestas se nota que todas insisten en la combinación de tres ejes fundamentales para llevar a cabo la enseñanza a distancia: el estudiante, el docente y los recursos. La aplicación de dichas teorías en nuestro quehacer docente aportará una mayor calidad de enseñanza-aprendizaje y marcará el camino hacia una enseñanza en línea basada en fundamentos sólidos.
Ten Year Hepatitis A, B, And C Seroprevalence Trend in Children: Results From A Single Center
Authors: YILDIZ Eren , NARSAT Mehmet Ali 
Published: August 2022

Aim: Hepatitis B vaccination since 1998 and hepatitis A vaccination since 2012 is available in the childhood routine vaccination program in Turkey. There is no vaccine for hepatitis C yet. The seroprevalence of hepatitis A, B, and C differs between regions. For this reason, each region should assemble its own rates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A, B, and C in children in Kastamonu province, to evaluate whether there is a change in prevalence according to years and patient age, and to review whether there is a change in hepatitis A virus seroprevalence with hepatitis A vaccination.
Material and Methods: File records of all patients under 18 whose hepatitis serology was studied at Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital between 01.01.2012 and 21.12.2021 were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: A total of 19885 patients and 55738 test results were included in the study. Accordingly, hepatitis A seroprevalence increased year by year. Anti-HAV IgG positivity was higher in the vaccinated group, whereas anti-HAV IgM positivity was higher in the unvaccinated group (p
Rancang Bangun Rangkaian Penggerak Motor Solar Tracker
Authors: Sugara Yasa I Wayan , Asna I Made , Sumartdiono Catur 
Published: August 2022

A Solar Tracker is a device that directs the payload towards the sun. Solar panel charge, parabolic trough, Fresnel reflector, mirror or lens. For flat panel photovoltaic systems, tracers are used to minimize the angle of incidence between the incoming sunlight and the photovoltaic panels. This system increases the amount of energy generated from the fixed amount installed in the power generation capacity. Solar Cell or solar panels are electronic components that convert solar energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic (PV) is a technology that functions to convert or convert solar radiation into electrical energy. each function as a store of electrical energy received by the solar cell. The solar tracker can follow the movement of sunlight from east to west and look for the strongest sunlight, and the design of this system can provide an efficiency value of 3% to 25% of solar panel electricity output in utilizing solar energy. By utilizing 4 Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors, the maximum movement of the solar panels can move through 2 stepper motors connected to the solar tracker system.
Bridging the Bondi and Event Horizon Scales: 3D GRMHD Simulations Reveal X-shaped Radio Galaxy Morphology
Authors: Lalakos Aretaios , Gottlieb Ore , Kaaz Nicholas , Chatterjee Koushik , Liska Matthew , Christie Ian M. , Tchekhovskoy Alexander , Zhuravleva Irina , Nokhrina Elena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
X-shaped radio galaxies (XRGs) produce misaligned X-shaped jet pairs and make up ≲10% of radio galaxies. XRGs are thought to emerge in galaxies featuring a binary supermassive black hole (SMBH), SMBH merger, or large-scale ambient medium asymmetry. We demonstrate that XRG morphology can naturally form without such special, preexisting conditions. Our 3D general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulation for the first time follows magnetized rotating gas from outside the SMBH sphere of influence of radius R
B to the SMBH of gravitational radius R
g at the largest scale separation, R
B/R
g = 103, to date. Initially, our axisymmetric system of constant-density hot gas contains a weak vertical magnetic field and rotates in the equatorial plane of a rapidly spinning SMBH. We seed the gas with small-scale 2% level pressure perturbations. Infalling gas forms an accretion disk, and the SMBH launches relativistically magnetized collimated jets reaching well outside R
B. Under the pressure of the infalling gas, the jets intermittently turn on and off, erratically wobble, and inflate pairs of cavities in different directions, resembling an X-shaped jet morphology. Synthetic X-ray images reveal multiple pairs of jet-powered shocks and cavities. Large-scale magnetic flux accumulates on the SMBH, becomes dynamically important, and leads to a magnetically arrested disk state. The SMBH accretes at 2% of the Bondi rate (

M

̇

≃
2.4
×

10

−
3

M

⊙

yr

−
1

for M87*) and launches twin jets at η = 150% efficiency. These jets are powerful enough (P
jets ≃ 2 × 1044 erg s−1) to escape along the SMBH spin axis and end the short-lived intermittent jet state, whose transient nature can account for the rarity of XRGs.
Long-duration Gamma-Ray Burst and Associated Kilonova Emission from Fast-spinning Black Hole–Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Zhu Jin-Ping , Wang Xiangyu Ivy , Sun Hui , Yang Yuan-Pei , Li Zhuo , Hu Rui-Chong , Qin Ying , Wu Shichao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been phenomenologically divided into long- and short-duration populations, generally corresponding to collapsar and compact merger origins, respectively. Here, we collect three unique bursts, GRBs 060614, 211211A, and 211227A, all of which are characterized by a long-duration main emission (ME) phase and a rebrightening extended emission (EE) phase, to study their observed properties and their potential origins as neutron star–black hole (NSBH) mergers. NS-first-born (BH-first-born) NSBH mergers tend to contain fast-spinning (nonspinning) BHs that more easily (hardly) allow tidal disruption to occur, while (without) forming electromagnetic signals. We find that NS-first-born NSBH mergers can well interpret the origins of these three GRBs, supported by the following. (1) Their X-ray MEs and EEs show unambiguous fallback accretion signatures, decreasing as ∝ t
−5/3, which might account for their long durations. The EEs could result from the fallback accretion of r-process heating materials, which is predicted to occur after NSBH mergers. (2) The beaming-corrected local event-rate density for these types of merger-origin long-duration GRBs is



0

∼

2.4

−
1.3

+
2.3

Gpc

−
3

yr

−
1

, consistent with that of NS-first-born NSBH mergers. (3) Our detailed analysis of the EE, afterglow, and kilonova of the recent high-impact event GRB 211211A reveals that it could be a merger between a

∼

1.23

−
0.07

+
0.06

M

⊙

NS and a

∼

8.21

−
0.75

+
0.77

M

⊙

BH, with an aligned spin of

χ

BH

∼

0.62

−
0.07

+
0.06

, supporting an NS-first-born NSBH formation channel. A long-duration burst, with a rebrightening fallback accretion signature after the ME, and a bright kilonova, might be commonly observed features for on-axis NSBH mergers. We estimate the multimessenger detection rate between gravitational waves, GRBs, and kilonova emissions from NSBH mergers in O4 (O5) to be ∼0.1 yr−1 (∼1 yr−1).
Photometric Masses of Eclipsing Binary Components
Authors: Cruz Patricia , Diaz Marcos P. , Aguilar John F. , Garrido Hernán E. , Solano Enrique 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Eclipsing binaries allow the study of physical stellar parameters in a model-independent way, when photometric and spectroscopic data are combined. However, when spectroscopic data are not available, purely photometric methods can be adopted to first estimate stellar properties, especially for large samples. Cruz et al. have then characterized components of detached EB systems from photometric colors and light curves from the literature, with the purpose of estimating trends from statistical values. An inflation trend of around 20% was estimated, which is in agreement with several results from the literature. As a response to MacDonald & Mullan, the obtained values for individual systems should not be analyzed separately, since they could mislead the results. We encourage further spectroscopic measurements to verify the values estimated from the photometric method.
Composition, Roughness, and Topography from Radar Backscatter at Selk Crater, the Dragonfly Landing Site
Authors: Bonnefoy Léa E. , Lucas Antoine , Hayes Alexander G. , Rodriguez Sébastien , Poggiali Valerio , Lalich Daniel E. , Lorenz Ralph D. , Gall Alice Le 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Selk crater region is the future landing site of NASA’s Dragonfly mission to Titan. The region was imaged by the Cassini RADAR at incidence angles from 5° to 72° and at various polarization angles. Using this data set, we mapped six terrain units and assembled a backscatter curve for each, providing normalized backscatter cross section (σ
0) as a function of incidence angle. By fitting these backscatter curves with a sum of a quasi-specular and diffuse terms and evaluating three alternative formulations of the first and two for the second, we extracted the best-fit surface effective dielectric constant, rms slope, and scattering albedo. Although the parameters’ absolute values are model dependent, relative values between terrains indicate real variations in surface properties. The results are consistent with the impact exposing and fracturing a low-loss tangent material such as the water-ice bedrock, which is likely also present in the hummocky terrains and to a lesser degree in the plains and interdune regions. The dunes and dark terrains are composed of smooth, uniform material with low dielectric constant (1.5–2.3 median values for all models) compatible with organic sand. A diffuse single-scattering model enabled independent derivation of the dielectric constant from high-incidence observations, leading to low values (<2) over all terrains, indicating a depolarizing (sub)surface. Finally, radarclinometry revealed lateral variations in rim height, which remains below 300 m along the SARTopo profile but reaches up to 600 m at other locations, hinting at a rim less eroded than previously thought.
Observations and Modeling of the Opposition Surges of the Icy Moons of Saturn Based on Cassini Visual Infrared Mapping Spectrometer Data
Authors: Buratti B. J. , Hillier J. H. , Dalba P. A. , Hicks M. D. , Mosher J. A. , Hendrix A. R. , Abramson L. , Akhter N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Observations of the opposition surges on the main moons of Saturn (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, and Iapetus) during Cassini's prime and extended missions are reduced and analyzed. The main data set comes from the Visual Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) with wavelength coverage in the visible and near-infrared out to 3.60 μm, covering 99% of the solar spectrum. Imaging Science Subsystem images and Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer data augment the VIMS data set. Hapke models are fit to Dione and Rhea, and Irvine's simpler shadowing model is fit to the sparser data sets of Enceladus, Dione, and Rhea. The high porosities (∼95% void space in the optically active portion of the regolith) and forward-scattering properties of the surfaces are similar to other icy moons and to Pluto. A change in the character of their opposition surge at 3.60 μm can be attributed largely to the noninteraction of long-wavelength photons with small particles on these moons’ surfaces. The opposition surge on the low- and high-albedo regions of Dione are similar. However, the low-albedo terrain of Iapetus exhibits a less robust surge than the high-albedo regions, which we attribute to differences in surface texture. The low-albedo hemisphere of Iapetus seems to be akin to the small number of bodies in the solar system that lack an appreciable opposition surge, possibly due to the accumulation of low-albedo dust. With observations over the range of the solar spectrum, we compute new values for the bolometric Bond albedos of these moons.
Advances in the diagnosis of herpes simplex stromal necrotising keratitis: A feasibility study on deep learning approach
Authors: Natarajan Radhika , Matai Hiren D , Raman Sundaresan , Kumar Subham , Ravichandran Swetha , Swaminathan Samyuktha , Alex John Sahaya Rani 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Infectious keratitis, especially viral keratitis (VK), in resource-limited settings, can be a challenge to diagnose and carries a high risk of misdiagnosis contributing to significant ocular morbidity. We aimed to employ and study the application of artificial intelligence-based deep learning (DL) algorithms to diagnose VK.

Methods:
A single-center retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center from January 2017 to December 2019 employing DL algorithm to diagnose VK from slit-lamp (SL) photographs. Three hundred and seven diffusely illuminated SL photographs from 285 eyes with polymerase chain reaction–proven herpes simplex viral stromal necrotizing keratitis (HSVNK) and culture-proven nonviral keratitis (NVK) were included. Patients having only HSV epithelial dendrites, endothelitis, mixed infection, and those with no SL photographs were excluded. DenseNet is a convolutional neural network, and the two main image datasets were divided into two subsets, one for training and the other for testing the algorithm. The performance of DenseNet was also compared with ResNet and Inception. Sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated.

Results:
The accuracy of DenseNet on the test dataset was 72%, and it performed better than ResNet and Inception in the given task. The AUC for HSVNK was 0.73 with a sensitivity of 69.6% and specificity of 76.5%. The results were also validated using gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), which successfully visualized the regions of input, which are significant for accurate predictions from these DL-based models.

Conclusion:
DL algorithm can be a positive aid to diagnose VK, especially in primary care centers where appropriate laboratory facilities or expert manpower are not available.