bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Human Whole Blood NAD+ Contents With Aging
Authors: Yang Fan , Deng Xuan , Yu Ye , Luo Lei , Chen Xianda , Zheng Jinping , Qiu Yugang , Xiao Feng , Xie Xiaomei , Zhao Yuzheng , Guo Jun , Hu Feifei , Zhang Xuguang , Ju Zhenyu , Zhou Yong 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundNAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is mostly described to associate with the aging process. We aimed to investigate the association between human whole blood NAD+ contents and aging in a relative large-scale community-based population and further to address the gender impact on this association.MethodsWe recruited 1,518 participants aged over 18 years old and free of cardiovascular and any type of cancer from the Jidong community from 2019 to 2020. Whole blood NAD+ level was measured by cycling assay and LC-mass spectroscopy assay. The chronological age and clinical data were collected using standard questionnaires. The participants were divided into five groups according to their chronological age. General liner regression model was performed to analyze the association between NAD+ contents and aging. In addition, we also conducted subgroup analysis by gender.ResultsThe mean age of included 1,518 participants was 43.0 years, and 52.6% of them were men. The average levels of whole blood NAD+ of total participants was 33.0 ± 5.5 μmol/L. The whole blood NAD+ contents in men were significantly higher than that in women (34.5 vs. 31.3 μmol/L). There was significant difference in the meat diet among NAD+ quartile groups (p = 0.01). We observed a decline trend of NAD+ contents with aging before 50 years in total participants with significant level in 40–49 years old group (β coefficients with 95% confidence interval (95% CI): −1.12 (−2.18, −0.06)), while this trend disappeared after the 50 years. In addition, this association was significantly altered by gender (p for interaction = 0.003). In men, as compared with ≤29 years group, adjusted β coefficient decreased with aging but was only significant in the ≥60 year group (β,−2.16; 95% CI, −4.16 to −0.15). In females, the level of whole blood NAD+ did not significantly differ among five age groups and without the trend as males.ConclusionsAssociation of whole blood NAD+ contents with aging significantly differed in males and females. The loss of blood NAD+ with aging only was observed in males, especially in the male middle-aged population. It is crucial to consider the gender difference in further NAD+ related studies in the future.
A New Coupled Approach for Enthalpy Pumping Consideration in a Free Piston Stirling Engine (FPSE)
Authors: Majidniya Mahdi , Mabrouk Mohamed Tahar , Kheiri Abdelhamid , Remy Benjamin , Boileau Thierry 
Published: March 2022

One group of losses that can considerably affect the performance of Free Piston Stirling Engines’ (FPSE) is the enthalpy pumping and the shuttle effect, which are due to the gap standing between the cylinder and the displacer. The shuttle effect is induced by the periodic displacer motion between the hot and the cold sources. The enthalpy pumping, which is the subject of the present study, is due to the short-circuit-like flow between the hot and cold spaces. To study these losses, first, a fine nonlinear dynamic model of the FPSE is developed and validated. Then, to study the enthalpy pumping based on that, a coupled model (for the first time) and a decoupled model are presented. The difference between the two models is that the first one provides a dynamic and a thermic linkage between the Stirling and loss model, while the second one studies them separately. The effect of the gap size on both loss models was investigated. The coupled and decoupled modeling results were quite different due to the considerable effect of the enthalpy pumping on the FPSE response. The results showed that the enthalpy pumping in the decoupled model exceeds the total output power when the gap exceeds 30 μm, and when the gap exceeds 70 μm, the enthalpy pumping is around ten times larger than the output power. In contrast, the enthalpy pumping in the coupled model is always less than the output power, which is logical. Thus, the coupled one was presented as the adapted model that should be considered for further FPSE studies.
A clay pot with tamga signs discovered at Şiria (Arad county)
Authors: Berzovan Alexandru , Pădureanu Eugen D. 
Published: March 2022

Our interest regarding the ancient Dacian finds from the Arad county has determined us to make a systematization of all the available data and to re-asses the discoveries previsously known in the light of the informations available and novative directions of investigations. In this work, we will present an interesting artifact discovered 37 years ago in the village of Şiria (Arad county). In 1973, during a field investigation, professor Florian Dudaş has found, near the outskirst of
Şiria, a number of shards from a single large clay pot, having incised signs on them. According to professor Florian Dudaş, the pottery shards where found in a clough located on the southern side of the acces road to the summit of Cetatii Hill. In October 2010, we have made an extensive field research near the town of Siria, at the foothils of Cetatii Hill, in order to locate the exact position of the archaeologicall objective where Dudaş had found the incised shards. Unfortunately, we where not able to locate the objective. It might be possible that due to the extensive slumping and landsliding which affects this side of the hill, the local micro-topography could have changed significantly in the last three decades. The ceramic fragments discovered are parts of a large, clumsily executed, hand-made vessel used probably to store provisions. Before burning, five distinctive signs have been etched in its surface. Florian Dudas, who found the vessel, based on etnographic analogies he conducted, has come to the conclusion that the five signs could represent a commercial tally. We believe, based on the analogies and information we have at our disposal, that the five signs are rather Tamga signs. The origin and functionality of the Tamga signs is quite controversial, with some authors believing them to have had their origin in Central Asia, and others attributing their origin to the Iranian region (Asia Minor and Achaemenian Empire). In the North-Pontic area, the Tamga-type signs are used for the first time by the Sarmatian tribes. Through them, the signs start being used in the second half of the Ist Century B. C. in the Bosphoran Kingdom, and starting with the Ist Century A. D., in pre-Roman Dacia. In the Dacian area, Tamga-type signs are utilized both in during the independent kingdom’s period (Ist century AD) as well as in the II-IV A. D by some of the „ free” Dacian tribes mixed with Sarmatians. The Iaziges Sarmatians from the Pannonian Planes do not seem to have used tamga signs frequently. The lack of archeological context and the relatively common shape of the vessel have not allowed for a precise dating. The vessel could have been made at any point between the Ist and IIIrd A. D. Regarding the incised signs, there are numerous similar sings to be found in the North-Pontic area. The significance of these particular signs is difficult to establish at this stage in our research. Our opinion is that they might have had magical functions.
Iron Supplementation Improves Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties in Mice with CKD
Authors: Momb Brent A. , Patino Edwin , Akchurin Oleh M. , Miller Mark S. 
Published: March 2022

Key Points

CKD in mice decreased single skeletal muscle fiber force production independent of fiber size.Iron supplementation in CKD mice improved aspects of contractile function, indicating CKD myopathy was partially mediated by iron imbalance.Our findings in mice suggest that timely correction of iron imbalance and anemia may improve muscle fiber function in patients with CKD.

Background
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently have compromised physical performance, which increases their mortality; however, their skeletal muscle dysfunction has not been characterized at the single-fiber and molecular levels. Notably, interventions to mitigate CKD myopathy are scarce.

Methods
The effect of CKD in the absence and presence of iron supplementation on the contractile function of individual skeletal muscle fibers from the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles was evaluated in 16-week-old mice. CKD was induced by the adenine diet, and iron supplementation was by weekly iron dextran injections.

Results
Maximally activated and fatigued fiber force production was decreased 24%–52% in untreated CKD, independent of size, by reducing strongly bound myosin/actin cross-bridges and/or decreasing myofilament stiffness in myosin heavy chain (MHC) I, IIA, and IIB fibers. Additionally, myosin/actin interactions in untreated CKD were slower for MHC I and IIA fibers and unchanged or faster in MHC IIB fibers. Iron supplementation improved anemia and did not change overall muscle mass in CKD mice. Iron supplementation ameliorated CKD-induced myopathy by increasing strongly bound cross-bridges, leading to improved specific tension, and/or returning the rate of myosin/actin interactions toward or equivalent to control values in MHC IIA and IIB fibers.

Conclusions
Skeletal muscle force production was significantly reduced in untreated CKD, independent of fiber size, indicating that compromised physical function in patients is not solely due to muscle mass loss. Iron supplementation improved multiple aspects of CKD-induced myopathy, suggesting that timely correction of iron imbalance may aid in ameliorating contractile deficits in CKD patients.
Older adults in the Internet – Internet addiction and its intrapsychic correlates
Authors: Wójciak Aleksandra 
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to verify the relationship between Problematic Using of the Internet and its selected intrapsychic correlates in a group of people in late adulthood. The analyses conducted so far respond to an insufficient number of domestic and foreign publications on this subject.
Statistical analysis was applied to the results of the study carried out among a group of 44 seniors (the average age 67 years old). The control group consisted of 41 middle adults (the average age was 35). The study applied: Test of Problematic Using of the Internet, Coping Inventory - Mini-COPE, The IPIP-BFM-20 Questionnaire and Brief Resilience Coping Scale. The results of the study have shown a significant correlation between the problematic using of the Internet (PUI) in the surveyed group of seniors and specific strategies of dealing with stress: self-blame (p<0,05, r=0,363) and venting (p<0,05, r=0,354). Moreover, a significant negative correlation between PUI and the personality trait emotional stability has been found among people in late adulthood (p<0,01, r=-0,416). The regression analysis with simultaneous variable selection conducted to broaden the results of the correlation analyses has shown that the tested model is a significant predictor of the Problematic Using of the Internet (PUI). To be exact, the significant PUI predictors are coping strategies: using drugs and the personality trait conscientiousness. It is worth mentioning that the results of the conducted study could constitute an important guideline for developing effective preventive measures addressed to people in late adulthood.
The age of partners and the duration of the relationship versus the quality of close emotional relationships
Authors: Jarecka Karolina 
Published: March 2022

The quality of emotional relationships depends on the individual characteristics of the partners but, above all, on the relational factors responsible for integrating or risking disintegrating the relationship. Their assessment requires taking a time perspective into account. Each lasting relationship experiences changes in its quality, which may be related to the age of the partners and the time of their life together.
The aim of the research was to assess the connection between the age of partners and the length of their relationship and the quality of close relationships, including mutual communication, intimacy and conflict behaviour. They are recognised as key to the quality of the relationship, but it is still open to question how they change over time.
The study involved 696 people aged 20-68, including 360 women and 336 men. The respondents were classified into three groups significant for human development, including 16-year age ranges. In the first group, there were 240 people aged 20-35 years (i.e., in early adulthood), the second group consisted of 276 people aged 36-51 years (which is considered appropriate for middle adulthood), and the third group of 180 people aged 52-68 (i.e., in the period associated with the second half of middle age and entering late adulthood). The respondents were in a lasting relationship from one year to 47 years.
The research used a socio-demographic survey questionnaire and K. Halweg's Partner Relations Questionnaire in the Polish adaptation of I. Janicka.
It was found that with the age of the partners and duration of the relationship, the number of conflict behaviours increase and the intimacy and mutual communication important for its integration weakens. The most vulnerable to these types of changes are spouses in the second half of middle adulthood and entering old age. Potential processes driving these findings are discussed.
The age of the partners and the related seniority of the relationship may lead to changes in its quality. However, they cannot be regarded as sufficient to assess changes in close relationships.
Charity and its relation to wisdom by Saint Thomas of Aquinas
Authors: Grochowska Irena 
Published: March 2022

Reflection on caritas love and its relationship with wisdom requires understanding and knowing of the essence of Christian love, therefore this article discusses caritas love from the perspective of love in general and its connection with other gifts, especially with the gift of wisdom. To fully accept and realize the love of caritas one must first accept the truth about man, who was created in the image of the One God, in the image of the whole Trinity. To know the identity of man, Thomas argues, is to realize his vocation to friendship with God, to be a friend of God (Galuszka, 2021, p. 82). Arriving at the essence of the caritas love and its inseparable connection with wisdom, required a reflection on the meaning of one of the theological virtues, the virtue of love. Since the theological virtues are God's endowment of man, it was also necessary to introduce the gifts of the Holy Spirit to indicate the essence and fullness of the caritas love and its relation to God and men.
For this purpose, the thoughts of Saint Thomas of Aquinas were used, that seem to be more and more relevant and stirring more and more interest among people looking for truth and beautiful love.
Caritas love is beautiful because it consists of loving in God and with God also another human being, not necessarily the one endowed with affection or sympathy, but every human being. Such love can only be realized in the pursuit of an intimate encounter with God. The analysis of the known texts of St. Thomas allowed us to confirm the thesis on the relation between love and wisdom. Love is the principle of all virtues and the source of human action. Love enhances wisdom, it creates for itself this help. Love in its highest degree manifests itself in wisdom. The true union of love and wisdom results in contemplation, which is the result of the cooperation of intellect and will.
Features of innervation of epicardial adipose tissue in rats during aging (immunohistochemical study)
Authors: Чумасов Е.И. , Петрова Е.С. , Коржевский Д.Э. 
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования - изучение строения, иннервации и состояния эпикардиальной жировой ткани аортально-пульмональной области сердца крыс в возрасте 3-4 и 18-23 мес с помощью нейроиммуногистохимических маркеров. С помощью комплекса гистологических и иммуногистохимических методов в дольках белой и бурой жировой ткани основания сердца крысы выявлены различные нервные аппараты (ганглии, скопления хромаффинных клеток, нервные стволы, пучки нервных волокон, нервные сплетения, синаптические окончания) с различной медиаторикой. Установлено, что в иннервации белой и бурой жировой ткани участвуют парасимпатические и симпатические постганглионарные нервные волокна. Они проникают в дольки в составе ремаковских тяжей варикозных аксонов вдоль артериальных сосудов, образуют терминальные синаптические сплетения типа en passant и участвуют в иннервации адипоцитов обоих типов эпикардиальной жировой ткани. Установлено, что у половозрелых крыс PGP 9.5+ холинергические терминальные нервные волокна преобладают над катехоламинергическими. В процессе старения в эпикардиальной жировой ткани обследованных животных отмечены общие нейродегенеративные, инволютивные (десиматизация) и деструктивные патологические изменения.
The purpose of the article is to study the structure, innervation and state of the epicardial adipose tissue of the aortic-pulmonary region of the heart of rats at the age of 3-4 months and 18-23 months using neuroimmunohistochemical markers. Using a complex of histological and immunohistochemical methods, various nervous apparatus (ganglia, clusters of chromaffin cells, nerve trunks, nerve fibers, nerve plexuses, synaptic endings) with different mediators were identified in the white and brown adipose tissue of the base of the rat heart. It was found that parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers are involved in the innervation of white and brown adipose tissue. They penetrate into adipose tissue as part of Remak’s cords of varicose axons along arterial vessels, form terminal synaptic plexuses of the en passant type, and are involved in the innervation of adipocytes of both types of epicardial adipose tissue. It was found that PGP 9.5+ cholinergic terminal nerve fibers predominate over catecholaminergic ones. During aging of rats, neurodegenerative, involutive (desimatization), and destructive pathological changes in white adipocytes were noted in epicardial adipose tissue.
The influence of hearing and vestibular impairments on cognitive function in elderly people
Authors: Кузовков В.Е. , Сугарова С.Б. , Кантемирова Р.К. , Лиленко С.В. , Луппов Д.С. , Лиленко А.С. , Клячко Д.С. , Каляпин Д.Д. 
Published: March 2022

Когнитивная функция - сложная функция головного мозга, при помощи которой осуществляется процесс познания мира и обеспечивается целенаправленное взаимодействие с ним. Она имеет условно-рефлекторную природу, возникает под влиянием внешних факторов и, совершенствуясь в процессе взросления и обучения человека, достигает своего максимума, но с течением времени когнитивное функционирование нарушается. Традиционно считалось, что снижение когнитивной функции у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста является закономерным результатом старения организма. Однако исследования последних лет указывают на то, что темп снижения когнитивной функции у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста зависит от многих факторов, одним из которых является работоспособность сенсорных систем, в частности слуха и вестибулярной системы. Путем коррекций этих нарушений, по результатам исследований, возможно снижение темпа когнитивных нарушений. Опубликовано крайне мало работ по влиянию слуха и нарушений вестибулярной функции на когнитивную функцию, поэтому требуются дальнейшие исследования для определения наиболее оптимального комплекса профилактических и реабилитационных мер. При тугоухости высокой степени у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста одним из немногих вариантов слуховой реабилитации является кохлеарная имплантация. В послеоперационном периоде потенциально может возникнуть нарушение функционирования вестибулярной системы. Для его предупреждения требуется тщательная предоперационная подготовка и послеоперационное ведение.
Cognitive function is a complex brain function that is important in the cognition of the reality and connecting with it. It has a complicated reflex basis, arises from external factors exposure, improves by growing up and learning till its maximum and declines in the elderly age. For several years it was believed that cognitive function drop is connected with ageing processes of the whole organism. However, the results of the latest studies show that it can be affected by many factors. Two of the most influencing factors are hearing and vestibular efficiency. Moreover, hearing and vestibular normalization can even improve the cognitive function. Unfortunately, studies, that describe the role of hearing and vestibular function in the cognitive sphere, are extremely rare. That is why further research is very important, especially in the rehabilitation tactics. For elderly patients with severe-to-profound hearing loss cochlear implantation is the optimal rehabilitation method. However, ear surgery can lead to such complication as vestibular dysfunction. That is why preoperative diagnostics and postoperative care are very important for preventing cognitive impairments.
Microscopic observation of efficient intergrain charge transport processes in organic transistors of semicrystalline poly(3-hexylthiophene)
Authors: Kuroda Shin-ichi , Tanaka Hisaaki , Shimoi Yukihiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Carrier dynamics in polymer transistors were investigated microscopically using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy for poly(3-hexylthiophene), a typical semicrystalline conjugated polymer. Charge transport processes across crystalline grains, indispensable for enhancing macroscopic mobility, are highlighted. For this purpose, we used high-molecular-weight (∼500 000) polymers to connect the grains by tie chains. Motional narrowing effects in ESR spectra demonstrated that efficient intergrain charge transport takes place for transistors with self-assembled monolayer (SAM) treatment on SiO2 gate insulators. Meanwhile, transistors without SAMs showed un-narrowed signals, indicating that the surface treatment possibly controls molecular orientations of tie chains more favorable for intergrain charge transport.
On the admissibility of restricting human rights and freedoms by a regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the context of the threat of the spread of socially significant diseases (epidemics, pandemics)
Authors: Shishkin M. G. 
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the procedure for introducing restrictions in St. Petersburg in connection with the spread of coronavirus infection in the city. The author notes that there is no consensus in Russian society about the necessity and expediency of introducing restrictions. The author believes that restrictive measures should have been introduced. At the same time, according to the author, the restrictions imposed do not have sufficient regulatory justification. At the same time, the author comes to the conclusion that the norms of the legislation of St. Petersburg require adjustments in terms of giving the state authorities of St. Petersburg the authority to restrict human rights and freedoms. The scientific novelty of the article is based on a comprehensive analysis of regulatory legal acts of the federal and regional levels.