bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and barriers in implementing the nurse practitioner role in Japan: A cross‐sectional descriptive study
Authors: Suzuki Miho , Harada Nahoko , Honda Kazuya , Koda Masahide , Araki Tomoko , Kudo Takemi , Watanabe Takao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the distribution of nurse practitioners (NPs) across Japan and their perceived facilitators and barriers to NP implementation in Japan.BackgroundNP certification examinations have been conducted in Japan since 2011, and by 2020, there were 487 NPs in the country. The momentum of NP implementation is slower in Japan compared with other countries.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive study, following the STROBE guidelines, was conducted. Web‐based survey questionnaires, developed by the authors, were administered to 248 NPs whose email addresses were maintained by the certification management body.ResultsValid responses were obtained from 101 NPs (response rate: 40.7%), of which 34% were male. The respondents had more than 12 years of registered nurse experience on an average before enrolling in the graduate NP program. 53% were employed as NPs from the beginning, while 25% were initially employed as registered nurses and later advanced to NPs, and 11% still worked as RNs. A majority worked in hospitals with beds. Many NPs perceived the lack of NP national licensure and reimbursement benefits as barriers to NP implementation, whereas recognition from superiors and organizations was considered facilitators.ConclusionsDespite their small numbers in Japan, NPs take on crucial tasks and contribute to the appropriate distribution of medical resources. The NP licensure system and recognition from superiors and organizations may be necessary to promote NP roles in Japan.Implications for nursing and health policySome certified NPs still work as registered nurses. Recognition from nursing and organization administrators is critical to implementing NPs. To this end, a reimbursement system benefiting the organizations and a legislation facilitating NP employment are required.
Analyzing anchoring bias in attribute weight elicitation of SMART, Swing, and best‐worst method
Authors: Rezaei Jafar , Arab Alireza , Mehregan Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, the existence of anchoring bias—people's tendency to rely on, evaluate, and decide based on the first piece of information they receive—is examined in two multi‐attribute decision‐making (MADM) methods, simple multi‐attribute rating technique (SMART), and Swing. Data were collected from university students for a transportation mode selection. Data analysis revealed that the two methods, which have different starting points, display different degrees of anchoring bias. Statistical analyses of the weights obtained from the two methods show that, compared to Swing (with a high anchor), SMART (with a low anchor) produces lower weights for the least important attributes, while for the most important attributes, the opposite is true. Despite their differences in anchoring bias, analytical approaches supported by empirical studies suggest that both methods (SMART and Swing) overweigh the less important attributes and underweigh the more important attributes. As such, we examined whether the best‐worst method (BWM), which has two opposite anchors in its procedure (a possible promising anchoring debiasing strategy), could produce results that are less prone to anchoring bias. Our findings show that the BWM is indeed able to produce lower weights (compared to SMART and Swing) for the less important attributes and higher weights for the more important attributes. This study shows the vulnerability of MADM methods with a single anchor and supports the idea that MADM methods with multiple (opposite) anchors, like BWM, are less prone to anchoring bias.
Centralized resource allocation and target setting of a two‐stage production process using data envelopment analysis
Authors: Yang Fu‐Chiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCentralized resource allocation and target setting (CRATS) refers to a process in which top management has the power and responsibility to allocate limited input resources and to arrange expected output targets among its own decision‐making units (DMUs). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely used to investigate the CRATS issues by considering the production process of DMUs as a single‐stage structure, namely, a black box. This study proposes a novel centralized two‐stage network DEA because the DMUs with a two‐stage production process are a common phenomenon in real‐world cases. The proposed model is applied to determine the optimal CRATS plan for an empirical case, where 27 retailers belong to an automobile parts supplier in Taiwan.
Resilience of the Silo Organizational Structure in the European Commission
Authors: Chatzopoulou Sevasti 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article investigates whether the organizational reforms that President Jean‐Claude Juncker introduced strengthened the Commission's political role, enhanced co‐ordination among Directorates General and affected the policy governance with respect to the circular economy. Drawing on organizational theory, the article demonstrates how Juncker's reforms empowered the Commission's leadership by centralization of powers and close monitoring of DGs' work. The inter‐institutional interactions among the DGs formally increased, especially with respect to information clarification and the allocation of competences and resources. However, the top‐down reforms undermined the DGs' and the services' entrepreneurial role in policy governance and innovation. In response, the individual DGs demonstrated resistance and resilience to these reforms. The article attributes this resistance and resilience to the DG's distinctive administrative capacity, practices, culture and the ‘logic of portfolio’, that reinvigorated the silo structure in the Commission and intensified inter‐DG competition.
Long‐term neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage
Authors: Legge Nele , Lutz Tracey , Wocadlo Crista , Rieger Ingrid 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIntraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) is one of the key risks for long‐term neurodevelopmental issues. There remains controversy over the impact low‐grade IVH has on the long‐term outcome of premature infants. This study describes the long‐term neurodevelopmental impact of Grade I and II IVH in former preterm infants in the early school years.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort analysis from one tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Australia including all infants born at <30 weeks' gestation and admitted to the NICU between 2006 and 2013 with complete ultrasound reports and follow‐up results. Results of standardised tests for neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5 and 8 years were compared between infants who suffered mild IVH and infants who had normal head ultrasounds.ResultsDuring the study period, 491 infants <30 weeks gestation were admitted; 275 patients had full follow‐up data available. We found no significant difference in examined outcomes at 5‐ and 8‐year follow‐up.ConclusionMild IVH does not affect cognitive, motor and academic outcomes at school age.
Measurement Invariance of Working Memory Factors Across Younger and Older Adults1,2,3
Authors: Otsuka Kazunori , Miyatani Makoto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhether the indices of working memory present the same constructs in the same way across age groups is a fundamentally important consideration when examining developmental changes in working memory. This study examined the invariance of working memory factors across age groups. Older adults (n = 141) and younger adults (n = 141) completed inference tasks and complex span tasks of three types (operation, reading, and symmetry). The multiple‐group confirmatory factor analysis extracted four factors (Recall, Processing Accuracy, Processing Time, and general Fluid intelligence), as in earlier research, and revealed configural invariance across the age groups. However, the Processing Time factor showed different inter‐factor correlations between younger and older adults. Results suggest that Processing Time played different roles in younger and older adults. The functional differences of the Processing Time factor in working memory across cognitive aging are discussed.
Further Evidence for the Role of Felt Understanding in Intergroup Relations: Japanese and Chinese Relations in Japan1
Authors: Ioku Tomohiro , Watamura Eiichiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFelt understanding in intergroup context is the belief that members of an outgroup understand and accept ingroup members' perspectives. A series of studies in Europe recently conducted by Andrew Livingstone and colleagues showed the unique effect of felt understanding in intergroup relations. The effects were apparent even when controlling for outgroup beliefs and metabeliefs. The present article reports a cross‐cultural replication of those findings for Japanese and Chinese relations in Japan. Consistent with the results of Livingstone and colleagues, felt understanding uniquely predicted intergroup outcomes (e.g., action intentions, outgroup trust, and intergroup orientation). The effects remained significant after adjusting for multiplicity with multiple variables. However, there were two differences. Felt understanding did not predict (a) negative approach intentions or (b) institutional trust.
Expression of adipokines and adipocytokines by epidural adipose tissue in cauda equina syndrome in dogs
Authors: Leisengang Stephan , Gluding Dennis , Hörster Julia , Peek Verena , Ott Daniela , Rummel Christoph , Schmidt Martin J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCompression of epidural adipose tissue (EAT) within the scope of cauda equina syndrome (CES) could lead to an enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators, possibly contributing to pain amplification in dogs.ObjectivesTo analyze expression of inflammatory adipo(‐cyto)kines within the EAT of dogs with CES.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs: 15 dogs with CES and 9 dogs euthanized for unrelated medical reasons (controls).MethodsProspective, experimental study. Epidural adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected during dorsal laminectomy and used for real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Tissue explants were cultured for measurements of inflammation‐induced release of cytokines.ResultsResults show a CES‐associated upregulation of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα: mean ± SD: 18.88 ± 11.87, 95% CI: 10.90‐26.86 vs 9.66 ± 5.22, 95% CI: 5.29‐14.02, *: P = .04) and interleukin‐ (IL‐) 10 (20.1 ± 9.15, 95% CI: 14.82‐25.39 vs 11.52 ± 6.82, 95% CI: 5.82‐17.22, *: P = .03), whereas the expression of the adipokine leptin was attenuated in EAT of dogs with CES (3.07 ± 2.29, 95% CI: 1.80‐3.34 vs 9.83 ± 8.42, 95% CI: 3.36‐16.30, **: P = .007). Inflammatory stimulation of EAT explant cultures resulted in an enhanced release of IL‐6 (LPS: 5491.55 ± 4438, 95% CI: 833.7‐10 149; HMGB1: 1001.78 ± 522.2, 95% CI: 518.8‐1485; PBS: 310.9 ± 98.57, 95% CI: 228.5‐393.3, ***: P < .001).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceExpression profile of inflammatory adipo(‐cyto)kines by EAT is influenced from compressive forces acting in dogs with CES and might contribute to amplification of pain.
Shaping strategic arms trade controls: A multivariate approach
Authors: Klomp Jeroen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to measure the stringency of strategic arms trade controls across countries and explain the variation herein. This regulatory framework is implemented by sovereign states to control the international transfer of military‐strategic items that potentially contain a security risk. For the purpose of this study, I apply a two‐stage approach. In the first step, I employ factor analysis on more than sixty regulatory indicators related to the rigorousness of and compliance to strategic arms trade controls in a particular country to construct two new measures. The first measure is related to the extent of implementing arms trade laws and legislation, while the second captures the enforcement and control of this kind of regulation. The individual country scores indicate that there exists substantial variation in the extent to which countries implement and enforce strategic trade regulations. Therefore, in the second step, I use the predicted factor scores as a dependent variable in a Bayesian Model Averaging analysis to test several economic and political theories and find the key drivers of the stringency of strategic arms trade regulations and control policies. The general findings of this analysis suggest that the implementation and enforcement of strategic arms trade controls are primarily determined by the trade‐off between two competing policy objectives: national security on the one hand and domestic economic interests on the other. In particular, the implementation effort of arms trade laws and legislation is mainly explained by economic factors, while the degree of enforcement and control is more associated with political factors.
Perioperative trajectory of plasma viscosity: A prospective, observational, exploratory study in cardiac surgery
Authors: Valeanu Liana , Andrei Stefan , Ginghina Carmen , Robu Cornel , Ciurciun Adrian , Balan Cosmin , Stefan Mihai , Stoian Anca , Stanculea Iulia , Cheta Andreea , Dima Laura , Stiru Ovidiu , Filipescu Daniela , Bubenek‐Turconi Serban‐Ion , Longrois Dan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivePlasma viscosity is one of the critical factors that regulate microcirculatory flow but has received scant research attention. The main objective of this study was to evaluate plasma viscosity in cardiac surgery with respect to perioperative trajectory, main determinants, and impact on outcome.MethodsProspective, single center, observational study, including 50 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between February 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Clinical perioperative characteristics, short term outcome, standard blood analysis, plasma viscosity, total proteins, and fibrinogen concentrations were recorded at 10 distinct time points during the first perioperative week.ResultsThe longitudinal analysis showed that plasma viscosity is strongly influenced by proteins and measurement time points. Plasma viscosity showed a coefficient of variation of 11.3 ± 1.08 for EDTA and 12.1 ± 2.1 for citrate, similarly to total proteins and hemoglobin, but significantly lower than fibrinogen (p < .001). Plasma viscosity had lower percentage changes compared to hemoglobin (RANOVA, p < .001), fibrinogen (RANOVA, p < .001), and total proteins (RANOVA, p < .001). The main determinant of plasma viscosity was protein concentrations. No association with outcome was found, but the study may have been underpowered to detect it.ConclusionPlasma viscosity had a low coefficient of variation and low perioperative changes, suggesting tight regulation. Studies linking plasma viscosity with outcome would require large patient cohorts.
Distinguishing post‐translational modifications in dominantly inherited frontotemporal dementias: FTLD‐TDP Type A (GRN) vs Type B (C9orf72)
Authors: Cracco Laura , Doud Emma H. , Hallinan Grace I. , Garringer Holly J. , Jacobsen Max H. , Richardson Rose M. , Buratti Emanuele , Vidal Ruben , Ghetti Bernardino , Newell Kathy L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsFrontotemporal dementias are neuropathologically characterised by frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Intraneuronal inclusions of transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 kDa (TDP‐43) are the defining pathological hallmark of approximately half of the FTLD cases, being referred to as FTLD‐TDP. The classification of FTLD‐TDP into five subtypes (Type A to Type E) is based on pathologic phenotypes; however, the molecular determinants underpinning the phenotypic heterogeneity of FTLD‐TDP are not well known. It is currently undetermined whether TDP‐43 post‐translational modifications (PTMs) may be related to the phenotypic diversity of the FTLDs. Thus, the investigation of FTLD‐TDP Type A and Type B, associated with GRN and C9orf72 mutations, becomes essential.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to identify and map the intraneuronal inclusions. Sarkosyl‐insoluble TDP‐43 was extracted from brains of GRN and C9orf72 mutation carriers post‐mortem and studied by Western blot analysis, immuno‐electron microscopy and mass spectrometry.ResultsFilaments of TDP‐43 were present in all FTLD‐TDP preparations. PTM profiling identified multiple phosphorylated, N‐terminal acetylated or otherwise modified residues, several of which have been identified for the first time as related to sarkosyl‐insoluble TDP‐43. Several PTMs were specific for either Type A or Type B, while others were identified in both types.ConclusionsThe current results provide evidence that the intraneuronal inclusions in the two genetic diseases contain TDP‐43 filaments. The discovery of novel, potentially type‐specific TDP‐43 PTMs emphasises the need to determine the mechanisms leading to filament formation and PTMs, and the necessity of exploring the validity and occupancy of PTMs in a prognostic/diagnostic setting.
The kinectome: A comprehensive kinematic map of human motion in health and disease
Authors: Troisi Lopez Emahnuel , Sorrentino Pierpaolo , Liparoti Marianna , Minino Roberta , Polverino Arianna , Romano Antonella , Carotenuto Anna , Amico Enrico , Sorrentino Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHuman voluntary movement stems from the coordinated activations in space and time of many musculoskeletal segments. However, the current methodological approaches to study human movement are still limited to the evaluation of the synergies among a few body elements. Network science can be a useful approach to describe movement as a whole and to extract features that are relevant to understanding both its complex physiology and the pathophysiology of movement disorders. Here, we propose to represent human movement as a network (that we named the kinectome), where nodes represent body points, and edges are defined as the correlations of the accelerations between each pair of them. We applied this framework to healthy individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease, observing that the patients’ kinectomes display less symmetrical patterns as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, we used the kinectomes to successfully identify both healthy and diseased subjects using short gait recordings. Finally, we highlighted topological features that predict the individual clinical impairment in patients. Our results define a novel approach to study human movement. While deceptively simple, this approach is well‐grounded, and represents a powerful tool that may be applied to a wide spectrum of frameworks.
The public sector and co‐creation in turbulent times: A systematic literature review on robust governance in the COVID‐19 emergency
Authors: Scognamiglio Fulvio , Sancino Alessandro , Caló Francesca , Jacklin‐Jarvis Carol , Rees James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe capacity of public sector of co‐creating with other stakeholders is challenged by the increasing presence of disruptive turbulent events, such as the COVID‐19. At this regard, robustness has been identified as a suitable response to deal with this kind of events. Through a systematic literature review, we analyzed how public sector organizations have co‐created with other actors during the COVID‐19 and what have been the contribution of robust governance strategies. Our findings point firstly to the empirical validity of the robustness concept, providing evidence of the extensive use of robust governance strategies into the co‐creation processes. Second, we identified a configurational approach to robustness, with governments co‐creating by simultaneously employing several robust strategies. Thirdly, we observed a more active involvement of societal stakeholders, with emergence of proto‐institutions and potential threats to the political system.
A review of two decades of LGBTQ‐inclusive research in JSPR and PR
Authors: Pollitt Amanda M. , Blair Karen L. , Lannutti Pamela J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe field of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) relationship science has grown significantly over the past two decades, coinciding with rapid changes in the social acceptance of LGBTQ+ people. However, it is unclear to what extent the top two journals in relationship science, the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships and Personal Relationships, have contributed to the field. In this critical review, we analyzed the 2181 manuscripts published in the journals between 2002 and 2021 for whether they included or excluded LGBTQ+ participants, the methodologies used to analyze their data, and their conclusions about LGBTQ+ lives and relationships. The overwhelming majority (85.8%) of manuscripts did not acknowledge LGBTQ+ relationships; however, there have been improvements compared to past research in retaining LGBTQ+ participants within a data set when they were present. We identified 92 manuscripts that contributed to knowledge about LGBTQ+ lives or relationships. We discuss the lack of intersectional analyses and methodological challenges of incorporating multiple forms of diversity within quantitative research. Overarching themes across manuscript content included minority stress, relationship formation, social support, and commitment. Overall, though the research in the two journals has contributed to the literature on LGBTQ+ relationships, our review suggests that scholars do not consider these two journals as a first choice for finding or publishing LGBTQ+ relationship science.
Aromatic Endoperoxides†
Authors: Clennan Edward L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe fundamental aspects of aromatic endoperoxide chemistry are reviewed including their synthesis and reactions. The discussion will focus on factors that will both enhance and prevent the formation of aromatic endoperoxides and on structural features that will provide control over their ability to release singlet oxygen. This approach recognizes the dual use of aromatic hydrocarbons as both precursors of endoperoxides and as valuable materials for incorporation in electronic and photonic devices. Improvement of the existing methods and development of new methods for the synthesis of endoperoxides is necessary as a result of the demand to improve existing and to create new applications for these valuable materials. On the contrary, prevention of endoperoxide formation is crucial to inhibit irreversible oxidative degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and to extend their lifetimes as useful organic semiconductors.
Counterterrorism resource allocation during a pandemic: The effects of dynamic target valuations when facing a strategic terrorist
Authors: Chen Xia , Dong Yucheng , Hunt Kyle , Zhuang Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe outbreak of pandemics such as COVID‐19 can result in cascading effects for global systemic risk. To combat an ongoing pandemic, governmental resources are largely allocated toward supporting the health of the public and economy. This shift in attention can lead to security vulnerabilities which are exploited by terrorists. In view of this, counterterrorism during a pandemic is of critical interest to the safety and well‐being of the global society. Most notably, the population flows among potential targets are likely to change in conjunction with the trend of the health crisis, which leads to fluctuations in target valuations. In this situation, a new challenge for the defender is to optimally allocate his/her resources among targets that have changing valuations, where his/her intention is to minimize the expected losses from potential terrorist attacks. In order to deal with this challenge, in this paper, we first develop a defender–attacker game in sequential form, where the target valuations can change as a result of the pandemic. Then we analyze the effects of a pandemic on counterterrorism resource allocation from the perspective of dynamic target valuations. Finally, we provide some examples to display the theoretical results, and present a case study to illustrate the usability of our proposed model during a pandemic.