bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does early childhood education help to improve high school outcomes? Results from Tulsa
Authors: Amadon Sara , Gormley William T. , Claessens Amy , Magnuson Katherine , Hummel‐Price Douglas , Romm Katelyn 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEarly childhood education contributes to improved school readiness but impacts on high school remain unclear. This study estimates the effects of Tulsa, Oklahoma's universal pre‐K and Head Start programs through the junior year of high school (in 2018/2019; N = 2902; Mage = 16.52, SD = .39; 48% female; 28% white, 34% Black, 27% Hispanic, 8% Native American). Propensity score weighted regressions suggest students who attended pre‐K, but not Head Start, missed less school, were less likely to fail courses and be retained in grade, were more likely to take an Advanced Placement/International Baccalaureate course, but did not have higher test scores or grades. Subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity demonstrated some differences in the pattern of associations favoring students of color.
Efficacy of N‐acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid versus fluorometholone for treating allergic conjunctivitis in an environmental exposure chamber
Authors: de Blay Frédéric , Gherasim Alina , Domis Nathalie , Choual Ibrahim , Bourcier Tristan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTopical mast cell stabilizers were previously shown to treat the signs and symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis safely and effectively in active and placebo‐controlled trials. However, mast cell stabilizers have not been compared to topical corticosteroids for efficacy. We tested the non‐inferiority of a topical mast cell stabilizer, N‐acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid (4.9%, NAAGA), compared to fluorometholone (0.1%, FM) during controlled exposures to the airborne birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1, in an environmental exposure chamber (EEC).MethodsThis randomized, cross‐over, investigator‐blinded study included 24 patients with a history of birch pollen allergic conjunctivitis. Patients were randomized to 5 days of treatment with NAAGA, then FM (n = 12) or FM, then NAAGA (n = 12). After each treatment, patients were exposed to a fixed airborne concentration of Bet v 1 in ALYATEC EEC. The primary endpoint was the amount of allergen required to trigger a conjunctival response (Abelson score ≥5). Groups were compared with a linear model for cross‐over studies. Non‐inferiority was assumed, when the lower bound of the risk ratio confidence interval (CI) was >0.5.ResultsAt screening, the mean time‐to‐conjunctival response was 72.5 ± 35.9 min. NAAGA and FM extended the response time to 114.8 ± 55.0 and 116.6 ± 51.5 min respectively. The mean amounts of allergen required to trigger a conjunctival response were 1.165 ng after NAAGA and 1.193 ng after FM treatment. The risk ratio for the conjunctival response was 0.977 (95% CI: 0.812; 1.174), which indicated non‐inferiority. Adverse events occurred less frequently with NAAGA (29.2%) than with FM (58.3%).ConclusionIn patients with allergic conjunctivitis to birch pollen, NAAGA was non‐inferior to FM in exposures to airborne Bet v 1. The EEC was a good model for simulating real‐life airborne allergen exposure and for demonstrating the efficacy and safety of eye drops for treating allergic conjunctivitis.Trial registrationNot registered.
The role of preoperative optimization of the nutritional status on the improvement of short‐term outcomes after liver transplantation? A review of the literature and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Victor David W. , Zanetto Alberto , Montano‐Loza Aldo J. , Heimbach Julie K. , Towey Jennifer , Spiro Michael , Raptis Dimitri Aristotle , Burra Patrizia ,   the ERAS4OLT.org Working Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is a known risk factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT). Malnutrition is a potentially reversible risk factor, though there are no clear guidelines on the best mechanism for an improvement. It also remains unclear if preoperative nutritional interventions have benefits to post‐transplant outcomes for transplant recipients.ObjectivesPrimary objective: To identify if preoperative optimization of nutritional status is associated with improved short‐term outcomes after LT. Secondary Objectives: To determine if preoperative improvement of malnutrition improves short‐term outcomes after LT, as well as if weight loss in obese patients affects short‐term outcomes after LT.Data sourcesOvid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central.MethodsSystematic review following PRISMA guidelines and recommendations using the GRADE approach derived from an international expert panel. POSPERO Protocol ID: CRD42021237450Results3851 records were identified in searching the databases, 3843 records were excluded by not fulfilling eligibility criteria. Seven full‐text articles were included for the final analysis of which three were randomized controlled trials, one was prospective observational studies, and three were retrospective observational studies. No appreciable difference in mortality, post‐transplant complication rate was noted across the studies. Length of stay (LOS) was noted to be shorter in two observational studies of Vitamin D deficiency in liver transplant patients.ConclusionsWe have made a weak recommendation supporting pre‐transplant nutritional supplementation due to possible benefit in reducing LOS as well as the lack of harm (Quality of Evidence low | Grade of Recommendation; Weak). No effective conclusions were reached for the secondary objectives due to the conflicting evidence.
How fine needle aspiration cytology and flow cytometry helped in diagnosing a high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma masquerading as leukaemia
Authors: Mazumder Sujaya , Murugan Roobashri , Manivannan Prabhu , Gochhait Debasis , Basu Debdata 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh‐grade B‐cell lymphoma (HGBL) has recently been introduced into the category of aggressive, mature B‐cell lymphomas. It is biologically different from diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma and exhibits an aggressive course. Leukaemic presentation, though known in various types of mature B‐cell and mature T‐cell lymphomas, is rare in high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma. We report one such case of a high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma which was masquerading as acute leukaemia with a soft tissue infiltration, with added emphasis on the role of fine needle aspiration cytology and flow cytometry in the diagnosis, and their therapeutic significance.
When it's not easy to do the right thing: Developmental changes in understanding cost drive evaluations of moral praiseworthiness
Authors: Zhao Xin , Kushnir Tamar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent work identified a shift in judgments of moral praiseworthiness that occurs late in development: adults recognize the virtue of moral actions that involve resolving an inner conflict between moral desires and selfish desires. Children, in contrast, praise agents who do the right thing in the absence of inner conflict. This finding stands in contrast with other work showing that children incorporate notions of cost and effort into their social reasoning. Using a modified version of Starmans and Bloom's (2016) vignettes, we show that understanding the virtue of costly moral action precedes understanding the virtue of resolving inner conflict. In two studies (N = 192 children, range = 4.00–9.95 years; and N = 193 adults), we contrasted a character who paid a personal cost (psychological in Study 1, physical in Study 2) to perform a moral action with another who acted morally without paying a cost. We found a developmental progression; 8‐ and 9‐year‐old children and adults recognized the praiseworthiness of moral actions that are psychologically or physically costly. Six‐ and 7‐year‐old children only recognized the praiseworthiness of moral actions that are physically costly, but not actions that are psychologically costly. Moreover, neither adults nor children inferred that paying a cost to act morally required having a moral desire or resolving inner conflict. These results suggest that both adults and children conceptualize obligation as a direct motivational force on actions. They further suggest that costly choice—a hallmark of moral agency—is implicated in judgments of praiseworthiness early in development.
Early incisor lesions and Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis: Reliability of radiographic findings
Authors: Albers Louisa , Albers Jonas , Dullin Christian , Staszyk Carsten , Bienert‐Zeit Astrid 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundIn clinical practice, early diagnosis of Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH) and other resorptive incisor diseases is difficult to achieve. The radiographic appearance of subtle pathological changes has not been described in detail and might be confused with age‐related changes.ObjectivesThe study was performed to define typical radiographic signs of early incisor lesions and to evaluate the reliability of the radiographic findings.Study designDescriptive and comparative study using post mortem clinical, radiographic, macroscopic and µCT examination.MethodsThe incisor region of 20 cadaveric horse heads, divided into three different age groups, was examined visually and by palpation. Intraoral radiographs were taken. After extraction, each incisor was macroscopically evaluated. Micro‐computed tomography (µCT) scans were obtained. These scans were processed with Scry (v6.0, Kuchel & Sautter GbR) to obtain surface meshes which then were transferred to Meshlab (ISTI‐CNR, version 2016.12). Attached tissues were virtually removed and surface curvature was computed to visualise and evaluate the quantity of unevenness (roughness) of the teeth's surface.Scoring systems for each diagnostic modality were developed. Scores were compared to describe and evaluate the radiographic appearance of early incisor lesions.ResultsThe prevalence and severity of incisor lesions increased with age. Early, subtle lesions develop on the palatal/lingual side of incisors. While radiographically detected lesions were confirmed macroscopically and on the µCT scans, numerous teeth which were radiographically classified as healthy displayed lesions by macroscopic inspection (13.7%) and µCT analysis (58.1%).Main limitationsCadavers were studied and dental history was unknown.ConclusionsThe detection of early and subtle incisor lesions indicating first signs of EOTRH on dorsoventral intraoral radiographs is limited due to the typical localisation of the lesions on the palatal/lingual side of the incisors.
COVID‐19 and the relationships and involvement of nonresident fathers
Authors: Adamsons Kari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo support nonresident fathers in maintaining involvement and relationships with their children during the COVID‐19 pandemic, we must understand how such fathers have been impacted thus far by the pandemic.BackgroundAll families have been impacted by the pandemic, but fathers who do not reside with their children are particularly likely to be negatively impacted. Social distancing, restrictions on travel, job loss/economic downturn, family court closures, and numerous other effects of the COVID‐19 crisis impact the ability of nonresident fathers to maintain relationships and involvement with their children.MethodThe current study analyzed retrospective data from 373 nonresident U.S. fathers to assess perceived parenting and coparenting changes during the pandemic, as well as whether coparenting relationships and mental health were associated with their involvement and relationships with their children.ResultsOn average, fathers' involvement, father–child relationship quality, and coparenting support declined, but wide variability also existed, with a substantial minority of fathers reporting increased involvement. Coparenting support was positively associated with current levels of involvement and relationship quality as well as changes to both since the pandemic, but mental health was inconsistently associated with outcomes.Conclusion and ImplicationsTo keep these average declines from becoming permanent, future research should investigate what factors foster higher involvement and improved relationships. Practitioners should offer additional support to nonresident fathers to promote their involvement and relationships in ways compatible with evolving restrictions.
Changes in sea ice and range expansion of sperm whales in the eclipse sound region of Baffin Bay, Canada
Authors: Posdaljian Natalie , Soderstjerna Caroline , Jones Joshua M. , Solsona‐Berga Alba , Hildebrand John A. , Westdal Kristin , Ootoowak Alex , Baumann‐Pickering Simone 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are a cosmopolitan species but are only found in ice‐free regions of the ocean. It is unknown how their distribution might change in regions undergoing rapid loss of sea ice and ocean warming like Baffin Bay in the eastern Canadian Arctic. In 2014 and 2018, sperm whales were sighted near Eclipse Sound, Baffin Bay: the first recorded uses of this region by sperm whales. In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of sperm whales near Eclipse Sound using visual and acoustic data. We combine several published open‐source, data sets to create a map of historical sperm whale presence in the region. We use passive acoustic data from two recording sites between 2015 and 2019 to investigate more recent presence in the region. We also analyze regional trends in sea ice concentration (SIC) dating back to 1901 and relate acoustic presence of sperm whales to the mean SIC near the recording sites. We found no records of sperm whale sightings near Eclipse Sound outside of the 2014/2018 observations. Our acoustic data told a different story, with sperm whales recorded yearly from 2015 to 2019 with presence in the late summer and fall months. Sperm whale acoustic presence increased over the 5‐year study duration and was closely related to the minimum SIC each year. Sperm whales, like other cetaceans, are ecosystem sentinels, or indicators of ecosystem change. Increasing number of days with sperm whale presence in the Eclipse Sound region could indicate range expansion of sperm whales as a result of changes in sea ice. Monitoring climate change‐induced range expansion in this region is important to understand how increasing presence of a top‐predator might impact the Arctic food web.
Improved stability and skin penetration through glycethosomes loaded with glycyrrhetinic acid
Authors: Zhang YaQi , Liang Rong , Liu Chunhuan , Yang Cheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn recent years, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) has been popularly used in cosmetics because of its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant effects. However, due to the poor water solubility of GA and the barrier effect of human skin, the penetration of GA through the skin may be hindered. Liposomes are a common delivery system for functional compounds in cosmetics. Nonetheless, the stability and transdermal effect of traditional liposomes are limited. The aim of this work was to prepare a new liposome system that contained glycerol and ethanol to enhance the stability of the vesicles and promote the penetration of GA into the skin.MethodsThe glycethosomes were prepared by ethanol injection and sonication method. The effects of different concentrations of glycerol and ethanol on the particle size, polydispersity (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE), stability and rheological properties of vesicles were evaluated. Lipophilic and hydrophilic fluorescent probes were used to investigate the microviscosity of vesicles. In vitro permeation tests were performed with pig skin in Franz cells and the concentration of GA in different skin layers was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ability of different vesicles to induce lipid extraction and fluidization was analysed by using attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR).ResultsWhen glycerol was 50% and ethanol was 25%, the obtained glycethosomes had the smallest particle size and the best stability with a mean particle size of 94.5 nm, PDI 0.216 and 99.8% EE. Fluorescence probe studies indicated that the microviscosity of glycethosomes was the largest when the concentration of glycerol and ethanol was 50% and 25%, which was consistent with the storage stability of glycethosomes. It was found that the glycethosomes had the best transdermal effect and the total skin permeation percentage of GA was 20.67%, while those of ethosomes, glycerosomes, liposomes and dispersion were 10.56%, 9.38%, 7.78% and 5.02%, respectively. And glycethosomes had effectively lipid extraction and fluidization effect on the skin stratum corneum.ConclusionCompared with other traditional liposomes, glycethosomes can significantly improve the stability of vesicles and the transdermal effect of GA. Glycethosomes is promising vesicles for the delivery of GA.
Can initial trust boost intention to purchase Ayurveda products? A theory of consumption value (TCV) perspective
Authors: Chakraborty Debarun , Siddiqui Mujahid , Siddiqui Aaliyah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe demand for Ayurveda products has been increasing over the last decade, and consumption values are critical in understanding the driving forces behind the success of these products. This study examines an initial‐trust–mediated model using theory of consumption values (TCV) to predict consumer's intention to purchase Ayurveda products. The conditional, functional, emotional, epistemic, and social values in the TCV were used to build an initial‐trust–mediated model. The proposed model was analyzed using a sample of 440 usable responses. The outcomes revealed that the five consumption values used in the model influenced initial trust. Intention to purchase Ayurveda products was found to be influenced by the four consumption values, except social values. Initial trust strongly mediated the effect between consumption values and intention to purchase Ayurveda products. This study provides theoretical, practical, and managerial implications for marketers and other professionals in the natural, eco‐friendly, and green products sector.
Does u.v. light affect the total phenolic compound, anthocyanin, antioxidant capacity, and sensory profiles in wines?
Authors: Tahmaz Hande , Yüksel Küskü Damla 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIn the study, by applying ultraviolet (u.v.) lights (254 nm) for 45 min to red wines from fermented Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Petit Verdot (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes, we examined the total phenolic compound, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant capacity by four different methods, trans‐resveratrol, (+)‐catechin, gallic acid content, and the change in tasting profiles of the wines after application. According to the results of the research, the u.v.‐C application has caused an increase in all parameters examined. If we talk about averages without distinguishing between varieties, after the application the total phenolic compound content of 3206 increased to 3356 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per L and after u.v.‐C application, the total anthocyanin content increased from 411 to 780 mg L−1, the ABTS [2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethyl‐benzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)] value increased from 30 to 33 μmol trolox mL−1, the DPPH ((2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) level increased from 13 to 16 μmol trolox mL−1, the FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) level increased from 15 to 16 μmol trolox mL−1, and the CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) level increased from 40 to 45 μmol trolox mL−1. The u.v. application affected trans‐resveratrol the most among the phenolic compounds and an average increase of 12.99% was obtained. The rate of increase after u.v. application was 3.33% in (+)‐catechin and 5.57% in gallic acid. The highest correlation between antioxidant activity measurement methods was measured to be 0.998 between FRAP and DPPH. In addition, u.v.‐C application has had a positive effect on taste‐based sensory profiles. In recent years, the search for a diet with a high antioxidant content has become even more important.
Compassionate, collective or transformational nursing leadership to ensure fundamentals of care are achieved: A new challenge ornon‐sequitur?
Authors: Pattison Natalie , Corser Rachael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsThis discursive paper draws on three key leadership theories with the aim of outlining how styles of leadership impact the provision of fundamentals of care.DesignDiscussion paper.Data sourceskey leadership theories, leadership and fundamentals of care literature.Implications for NursingThe conceptualization of fundamentals of care is viewed through the lens of nursing leadership, and collective, compassionate and transformational leadership theory. The cognitive dissonance that nursing leaders encounter when trying to reconcile organizational, patient and nurses' needs is considered, and the pressure to deliver high‐quality fundamentals of care presents a challenge to nurse leaders.ConclusionLeaders must align nursing and patient outcome data to drive forward and prioritize fundamental care. Focusing on key elements of relational leadership styles will ensure a workforce fit to provide fundamental care, which in the current climate must be an organizational and global nursing priority.ImpactThis discussion attempts to draw together overlapping leadership theories, emphasizes the importance of relational leadership in ensuring the provision of the fundamentals of care and acknowledged the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on nurses and nursing care, with leadership implications outlined, such as a need for role‐modelling, understanding shared values and giving nurses a voice. It will have an impact on nurse leaders, but also on those nurses providing direct care by issuing a challenge for them to confront their own nurse leaders, and to ask that they better resolve competing needs of both the nursing workforce and patients.
Prognostic value of non‐resistant and resistant masked uncontrolled hypertension detected by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Coccina Francesca , Pierdomenico Anna M. , Cuccurullo Chiara , Pizzicannella Jacopo , Guagnano Maria T. , Renda Giulia , Trubiani Oriana , Cipollone Francesco , Pierdomenico Sante D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMasked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) is at higher cardiovascular risk than controlled hypertension (CH). In previous studies, patients with MUCH were considered as a unique group though those receiving ≤2 drugs could be defined as having nonresistant MUCH (NRMUCH) and those receiving ≥3 drugs as having resistant MUCH (RMUCH). The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of NRMUCH and RMUCH detected by ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Cardiovascular risk was evaluated in 738 treated hypertensive patients with normal clinic BP. Patients were classified as having CH or MUCH if daytime BP < or ≥ 135/85 mmHg, respectively, regardless of nighttime BP, or CH or MUCH if 24‐h BP < or ≥ 130/80 mmHg, respectively, regardless of daytime or nighttime BP. By daytime or 24‐h BP, the authors detected 523 (71%), 178 (24%), and 37 (5%) or 463 (63%), 231 (31%), and 44 (6%) patients with CH, NRMUCH, and RMUCH, respectively. During the follow‐up (median 10 years), 148 events occurred. After adjustment for covariates, compared to CH, the hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI), for cardiovascular events was 1.81, 1.27–2.57, and 2.99, 1.73–5.16, in NRMUCH and RMUCH defined by daytime BP, respectively, and 1.58, 1.12–2.23, and 2.21, 1.27–3.82, in NRMUCH and RMUCH defined by 24‐h BP, respectively. If RMUCH was compared with NRMUCH, the risk tended to be higher in RMUCH but did not attain statistical significance (P = .08 and P = .23 by daytime and 24‐h BP thresholds, respectively). In conclusion, both NRMUCH and RMUCH are at increased cardiovascular risk than CH.