bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method of determining technique from weight and height to achieve targeted detector exposures in portable chest and abdominal digital radiography
Authors: Hoerner Matthew , Grizzard Kevin , Moroz Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study presents a methodology to develop an X‐ray technique chart for portable chest and abdomen imaging which utilizes patient data available in the modality worklist (MWL) to reliably achieve a predetermined exposure index (EI) at the detector for any patient size. The method assumes a correlation between the patients’ tissue equivalent thickness and the square root of the ratio of the patient's weight to height. To assess variability in detector exposures, the EI statistics for 75 chest examinations and 99 abdominal portable X‐ray images acquired with the new technique chart were compared to those from a single portable unit (chest: 3877 images; abdomen: 200 images) using a conventional technique chart with three patient sizes, and to a stationary radiography room utilizing automatic exposure control (AEC) (chest: 360 images; abdomen: 112 images). The results showed that when using the new technique chart on a group of portable units, the variability in EI was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) for both AP chest and AP abdomen images compared to the single portable using a standard technique chart with three patient sizes. The variability in EI for the images acquired with the new chart was comparable to the stationary X‐ray room with an AEC system (p > 0.05). This method could be used to streamline the entire imaging chain by automatically selecting an X‐ray technique based on patient demographic information contained in the MWL to provide higher quality examinations to clinicians by eliminating outliers. In addition, patient height and weight can be used to estimate the patients’ tissue equivalent thickness.
Real‐Time and Image‐Based AQI Estimation Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Tian Lifeng , Fu Fengchen , Wu Huanyu , Wei Wei , Liu Xueyan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe real‐time information on surrounding air quality index (AQI) is important for the public to protect themselves from air pollution. Traditional methods have some shortages regarding the estimation time and running efficiency. Consequently, the AQI results cannot meet the needs of personal protection and environmental management. With the popularity of smart terminals, it is easier to collect particular environmental images for AQI estimation tasks. Therefore, a real‐time and image‐based deep learning model named YOLO‐AQI is proposed. Based on the object detection algorithms, the model has better performance regarding the AQI estimation speed. By optimizing the parameter transfer and network structure, the model takes an average of 0.0582 s to perform feature analysis and achieves 75.15% accuracy on AQI estimation tasks. Comparing YOLO‐AQI with several image recognition models (VGG, AlexNet, GoogLeNet, MobileNet, and ResNet), it shows that YOLO‐AQI outperforms other models by 14.8% on accuracy and by 71.1% on running speed. This method can provide real‐time AQI level information for remote areas such as rural.
Kinetics, mechanism, and simulation of hydrogen transfer reaction of α, β‐unsaturated aldehydes to allylic alcohols
Authors: Guo Hui , Li Yuchao , Zuo Cuncun , Zheng Yanxia , Guo Xinpeng , Hao Jinguo , Huang Haofei , Wang Ming , Ge Tingting 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHomogeneous hydrogen transfer reactions of methacrolein (MAL) and isopropanol to methallyl alcohol (MAA) were investigated in batch reactor (Conv. 89%, Select 93.1%) and tubular reactor (Conv. 88.1%, Select 95%) using aluminum isopropoxide (Al(OPri)3) as catalyst. Kinetic experiments on hydrogen transfer reactions and reaction order were investigated in batch reactor and tubular reactor. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the optimum reaction conditions of hydrogen transfer reaction. Purification process of MAA from product mixture after hydrogen transfer reaction was simulated with Aspen Plus software; theoretical stages, reflux ratio, and feed stage of distillation tower were optimized. Density functional theory was used to investigate viable reaction pathway and to probe the catalytic mechanism between reactants and catalyst, including dehydrogenation, coupling, and hydrogenation reaction. Microscopic mechanisms of hydrogen transfer reaction from MAA to MAL were acquired in detail and could be easily extended to other series of hydrogen transfer reaction.
Mild cognitive impairment among rural‐dwelling older adults in China: A community‐based study
Authors: Cong Lin , Ren Yifei , Wang Yongxiang , Hou Tingting , Dong Yi , Han Xiaojuan , Yin Ling , Zhang Qinghua , Feng Jianli , Wang Lidan , Tang Shi , Grande Giulia , Laukka Erika J. , Du Yifeng , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subtypes of MCI have rarely focused on rural residents in China.MethodsThis population‐based study included 5068 participants (age ≥60 years) who were living in rural communities. We defined MCI, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and non‐amnestic MCI (naMCI) following the Petersen's criteria that integrated neuropsychological assessments with in‐person clinical evaluations.ResultsThe overall prevalence of MCI, aMCI, and naMCI was 26.48%, 22.30%, and 4.18%, respectively. The prevalence of MCI increased with age. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of MCI was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61 to 0.82) for primary school (vs. illiteracy), 0.30 (0.24 to 0.39) for middle school or above, 1.35 (1.09 to 1.67) for being farmers, 0.65 (0.54 to 0.78) for alcohol consumption, 1.43 (1.20 to 1.70) for stroke history, and 1.14 (0.95 to 1.36) for any apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele (vs ε3/ε3).ConclusionsMCI affects over one‐fourth of rural older adults in China. Overall MCI was associated with demographic factors, non‐alcohol consumption, and stroke, but not with APOE genotype and cardiometabolic factors.
Depth as a fish refuge from spearfishing at Rapa Nui: Flight behaviour in the Pacific rudderfish Kyphosus sandwicensis
Authors: Petit Ignacio J. , Gaymer Carlos F. , Friedlander Alan M. , Gusmao Joao B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Spearfishing, a common activity among Pacific Islanders, has been described to strongly modify the behaviour of target fish species.
Rapa Nui (Easter Island), a remote Chilean oceanic island, has suffered a serious decline in its nearshore fish stocks through overfishing.
In this study, the flight initiation distance (FID) of the Pacific rudderfish Kyphosus sandwicensis was measured at depths normally accessed by free divers and at deeper depths around Rapa Nui and the no‐take Motu Motiro Hiva Marine Park (MMHMP).
The overall FID at MMHMP was significantly shorter compared with that recorded in shallow waters at Rapa Nui, but did not differ from the FIDs recorded in deeper waters at Rapa Nui.
The biomass of K. sandwicensis did not differ among study sites, but was significantly higher at deeper depths, supporting the hypothesis of depth refuge from fishing at Rapa Nui.
Based on these findings, spatial and technical management strategies are proposed to help conserve the nearshore fish populations, such as the establishment of no‐take zones and the enhancement of regulatory frameworks for coastal fisheries.
3D‐gedruckte monolithische Stahlbetonwände im CONPrint3D‐reinforced Verfahren
Authors: Mechtcherine Viktor , Taubert Markus , Müller Steffen , Will Frank , Storch Florian , Plaschnick Paul , Otto Jens , Maiwald Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDie Beton‐3D‐Druck‐Technologie entwickelt sich sehr dynamisch und findet zunehmend praktische Anwendung. Die Integration von lastabtragender Bewehrung stellt jedoch weiterhin eine Herausforderung dar. Der vorliegende Aufsatz stellt drei neue Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlbetonvollwänden vor, die auf der von den Autoren entwickelten CONPrint3D‐Technologie basieren. Im Einzelnen sind das: 1) das schichtweise Überdrucken von Bewehrungsmatten, die vor eine gedruckte Kernwand gehängt werden, 2) das seitliche additive Füllen eines Bewehrungskorbs sowie 3) das vollautomatische Aufbauen einer Bewehrungsstruktur mit unmittelbar darauffolgendem schichtweisen Umhüllen durch extrudierten Beton. Neben dem aktuellen Forschungsstand und den betontechnologischen Herausforderungen werden maschinenbauliche Entwicklungsansätze und die kalkulatorische Bewertung der neuen Verfahren im Vergleich mit etablierten Bauverfahren präsentiert.
Characterization of molecularly imprinted polymers for the extraction of tobacco alkaloids and their metabolites in human urine
Authors: Mulder Haley A. , Pearcy Adam C. , Halquist Matthew S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers designed to selectively extract target analytes from complex matrices (including biological matrices). The literature shows that MIPs have a degree of cross‐selectivity from analytes within the same class of compounds. A commercially available MIP for tobacco‐specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) is designed to be class selective for four TSNA compounds. This study sought to characterize the extent of cross‐selectivity of the TSNA MIPs with other tobacco alkaloids. Cross‐selectivity and recovery of the SupelMIP™ TSNA SPE cartridges was assessed with N‐nitrosonornicotine (NNN), nicotine, cotinine and morphine. Their recoveries were compared with the recoveries of a nonimprinted polymer SPE cartridge, and two traditional SPE cartridges: a Waters mixed‐mode cation exchange cartridge and a Waters hydrophilic–lipophilic balance cartridge. NNN and cotinine had the highest recoveries with the MIP cartridge, over 80%, and cotinine samples in urine had >80% recoveries. Nicotine had highly variable recoveries, possibly owing to differing chemical properties from the TSNAs. All three analytes had significantly different recoveries with the MIP cartridges compared with the traditional SPE cartridges. Morphine displayed nonspecific interactions with the MIP cartridges. Utilization of the TSNAs’ cross‐selectivity allows for simultaneous extraction and identification of multiple tobacco biomarkers using one extraction technique.
Enhanced expression of endogenous retroviruses and of TRIM28 and SETDB1 in children with food allergy
Authors: Tovo Pier‐Angelo , Monti Giovanna , Daprà Valentina , Montanari Paola , Calvi Cristina , Alliaudi Carla , Sardo Allegra , Galliano Ilaria , Bergallo Massimiliano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuman endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) represent 8% of our genome. They originate from ancestral infections and although no longer contagious they can regulate transcription of adjacent cellular genes, produce viral RNAs sensed as non‐self by pattern recognition receptors, and encode viral proteins, such as Syncytin (SYN) 1 and 2, that exhibit potent immunomodulatory properties. Based on this, HERVs have been studied and proposed as relevant cofactors in several chronic inflammatory and immune‐mediated diseases. HERV transcription is regulated by host TRIM28 and SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (SETDB1), which in turn exert crucial regulatory functions on the host immune system. No studies explored the expression of HERVs, TRIM28, and SETDB1 in allergic patients.MethodsWe assessed, through a polymerase chain reaction real time Taqman amplification assay, the transcription levels of pol genes of HERV‐H, HERV‐K, HERV‐W, and of env genes of SYN1 and SYN2, as well as of TRIM28 and SETDB1 in whole blood from 32 children with IgE‐mediated food allergy, 19 with food protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), and in healthy control children.ResultsThe expression levels of pol genes of HERV‐H, ‐K, and ‐W were significantly enhanced in patients with IgE‐mediated FA or FPIES as compared to control subjects, while the mRNA concentrations of SYN1 and SYN2 were comparable in each group of children. Both TRIM28 and SETDB1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in allergic patients.ConclusionsGiven the influence of HERVs and of TRIM28 and SETDB1 on innate and adaptive immune responses, their transcriptional activation in children with food allergies suggest that they might play important roles in the development of these diseases.
Nanoparticles‐Mediated CRISPR/Cas Gene Editing Delivery System
Authors: Saw Phei Er , Cui Guo‐hui , Xu Xiaoding 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCRISPR/Cas system has become one of the most powerful techologies in biomedical research, and has showed great potentials in the gene related diseases. However, efficient delivery systems of CRISPR/Cas to target cells remains challenging. In recent years, nanoparticles have showned great potentials for the delivery of CRISPR/Cas systems. This paper mainly approaches the development and new strategies of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems, as well as their application in the clinical diseases. By summarizing the CRISPR/Cas systems delivery, new strategies are expected for the gene therapy.
Does top management team responsible leadership help employees go green? The role of green human resource management and environmental felt‐responsibility
Authors: Lu Hui , Xu Weiting , Cai Shaohan , Yang Fang , Chen Qingqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrawing on social information processing theory, the current study investigates the relationship between top management team (TMT) responsible leadership and employee organizational citizenship behavior for the environment (OCBE) from a vertical perspective, and whether green human resource management (GHRM) and employee environmental felt‐responsibility can play a sequential mediating role between them. Totally, 102 middle‐level managers and 527 employees in 102 Chinese teams voluntarily participated in our study. Drawing on above data, our study verifies that TMT responsible leadership was positively associated with both GHRM and employee environmental felt‐responsibility. In addition, GHRM mediated the positive effects of TMT responsible leadership and employee environmental felt‐responsibility. Also, GHRM can further promote employee OCBE through employee environmental felt‐responsibility. Overall, the positive relationship between TMT responsible leadership and employee OCBE was sequentially mediated by GHRM and employee environmental felt‐responsibility. Therefore, the current study shows the way to achieve corporate environmental sustainability strategy.
The Paris system classification for urinary cytology in patients under bacillus Calmette‐Guerin treatment
Authors: Moulavasilis Napoleon , Stravodimos Konstantinos , Meletis Emmanouel , Levis Panagiotis , Leftheriotis Vassilis , Lazaris Andreas , Constantinides Constantine , Mikou Panagiota 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of urinary cytology as a diagnostic test for the detection and surveillance of urothelial cancer is crucial. Intravesical bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) is the appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients with high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGCU) or in situ carcinoma. We investigate how applicable is the Paris System for reporting urinary cytology (TPS) and how accurate is urinary cytology, in patients who undergo intravesical BCG instillations.MethodsOur study contains urine samples from patients during the period January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients with history of urothelial bladder carcinoma who had been treated with intravesical BCG instillation and cytology was followed by histology. We report our results and estimate the risk of high‐grade malignancy (ROHM) for each TPS category and cytology accuracy.ResultsFour hundred thirty‐eight samples corresponding to 146 patients fulfilled the criteria to be included in the study. There were 2 inadequate, 118 negative for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (NHGUC), 14 atypical urothelial cells (AUC), 6 suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (SHGUC), and 6 cases HGUC. Corresponding histology assessment has shown that the ROHM amounted to 0 for inadequate, 3.4% for NHGUC, 57% for AUC, 100% for SHGUC and HGUC. Sensitivity was 50%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 91%, and accuracy 91.7%, considering inadequate, NHGUC and AUC as negative and SHGUC and HGUC as positive result. However, considering AUC a positive result, the accuracy parameters were different; sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 95%, PPV 76.9%, NPV 96.67%, and accuracy 93%.ConclusionThe Paris system for reporting urinary cytology can be safely applied to patients during follow‐up after BCG intravesical administration.
Usefulness of duckbill‐type anti‐reflux self‐expandable metal stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction with duodenal invasion: A pilot study
Authors: Kobori Ikuhiro , Katayama Yasumi , Hayakawa Fuki , Fujiwara Takeshi , Kuwada Masaru , Gyotoku Yoshinori , Kitahama Akihiro , Kusano Yumi , Tamano Masaya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesEarly obstruction of a self‐expandable metal stent placed for distal malignant biliary obstruction is more likely to occur in the presence of duodenal invasion. An anti‐reflux self‐expandable metal stent (ARMS) has been developed for the purpose of preventing duodenal fluid reflux into the bile duct. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness and safety of a duckbill‐type ARMS (D‐ARMS) in the situation of duodenal invasion.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 10 consecutive patients who received D‐ARMS for distal malignant biliary obstruction with duodenal invasion. We evaluated non‐occlusion cholangitis, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), and adverse events after D‐ARMS placement.ResultsThere were no cases of non‐occlusion cholangitis. RBO was observed in 2 patients (20%), and time to RBO was 236 days and 117 days, respectively. The causes of RBO were overgrowth and sludge formation. The median time to RBO was 382 days (range, 117–382 days). Only one adverse event was observed (cholecystitis).ConclusionsD‐ARMS shows potential as an optimal ARMS.
A potential preventive method for scar stenosis after esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection using human amniotic epithelial cells in a porcine model
Authors: Konno Yuji , Sato Chiaki , Tokodai Kazuaki , Saito Masatoshi , Hoshiai Tetsuro , Taniyama Yusuke , Okamoto Hiroshi , Fukutomi Toshiaki , Ozawa Yohei , Ujiie Naoto , Koseki Ken , Ando Ryohei , Takahashi Kozue , Shinozaki Yasuharu , Unno Michiaki , Kamei Takashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe current methods employed for esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) involve the risk of adverse postprocedural complications. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a new method to prevent stenosis following a resection procedure using human amniotic epithelial cells in a porcine model.MethodsWith the consent of a woman who underwent a cesarean section, amniotic epithelial cells were isolated from the amniotic membrane of the delivered placenta. Six swine were used for this study. Under general anesthesia, four EMRs using cap‐fitted microscope ulcers were performed on each porcine esophagus. Of the four ulcers, the two on the oral side were treated by injecting human amniotic epithelial (AE group) cells, and the remaining two on the anal side were left untreated (control group). One week after the procedure, the swine were sacrificed, and the ulcers were evaluated. The epithelialization rate was calculated by dividing the length of the epithelialized portion of each section by the length of the ulcer, which was determined using an optical microscope. Moreover, the mucosal thickening in each section was measured in terms of diameter.ResultsThe epithelialization rate was significantly higher in the AE group than in the control group. Mucosal thickening was not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionsTransplanting amniotic epithelial cells into the ulcer promoted ulcer epithelialization. Amniotic epithelial cell transplantation is a potential method for the management of ulcer scar stenosis following esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Development of a clinical risk score to predict death in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Alhamar Ghadeer , Maddaloni Ernesto , Al Shukry Abdullah , Al‐Sabah Salman , Al‐Haddad Mohannad , Al‐Youha Sarah , Jamal Mohammed , Almazeedi Sulaiman , Al‐Shammari Abdullah A. , Abu‐Farha Mohamed , Abubaker Jehad , Alattar Abdulnabi T. , AlOzairi Ebaa , Alessandri Francesco , D’Onofrio Luca , Leto Gaetano , Mastroianni Carlo Maria , Mignogna Carmen , Pascarella Giuseppe , Pugliese Francesco , Ali Hamad , Al Mulla Fahd , Buzzetti Raffaella , Pozzilli Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo build a clinical risk score to aid risk stratification among hospitalised COVID‐19 patients.MethodsThe score was built using data of 417 consecutive COVID‐19 in patients from Kuwait. Risk factors for COVID‐19 mortality were identified by multivariate logistic regressions and assigned weighted points proportional to their beta coefficient values. A final score was obtained for each patient and tested against death to calculate an Receiver‐operating characteristic curve. Youden's index was used to determine the cut‐off value for death prediction risk. The score was internally validated using another COVID‐19 Kuwaiti‐patient cohort of 923 patients. External validation was carried out using 178 patients from the Italian CoViDiab cohort.ResultsDeceased COVID‐19 patients more likely showed glucose levels of 7.0–11.1 mmol/L (34.4%, p < 0.0001) or >11.1 mmol/L (44.3%, p < 0.0001), and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension compared to those who survived (39.3% vs. 20.4% [p = 0.0027] and 45.9% vs. 26.6% [p = 0.0036], respectively). The risk factors for in‐hospital mortality in the final model were gender, nationality, asthma, and glucose categories (<5.0, 5.5–6.9, 7.0–11.1, or 11.1 > mmol/L). A score of ≥5.5 points predicted death with 75% sensitivity and 86.3% specificity (area under the curve (AUC) 0.901). Internal validation resulted in an AUC of 0.826, and external validation showed an AUC of 0.687.ConclusionThis clinical risk score was built with easy‐to‐collect data and had good probability of predicting in‐hospital death among COVID‐19 patients.
Development of a reversible transformer model for the calculation of inrush currents energizing from higher and lower voltage windings
Authors: Yonezawa Rikido 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTransformers are normally energized from the higher voltage winding. In power system restoration, however, they may be energized from the lower voltage winding. Therefore, a reversible transformer model that is able to accurately calculate inrush currents and some other low‐frequency transients is required regardless of which winding is energized. Although a reversible transformer model based on a topology‐based model that considers magnetic couplings between phases has been proposed, it is difficult to determine the parameters of the model because iron‐core and winding design information are not available in most cases. In addition, the approximation of the design information required when such information is not available does not always hold accurately. In this article, a reversible transformer model that can be composed only from available information such as nameplates and test reports, without using the design information (or the approximation), by using mutually coupled magnetic resistances has been developed. As a result of verification using a 500 VA single‐phase three‐winding transformer, it is indicated that the inrush currents calculated by the developed model are in good agreement with those obtained by the laboratory measurements using the test transformer regardless of which winding is energized.