bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomically Dispersed Iron Active Sites Promoting Reversible Redox Kinetics and Suppressing Shuttle Effect in Aluminum–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Fei , Jiang Min , Zhao Tianshuo , Meng Pengyu , Ren Jianmin , Yang Zhaohui , Zhang Jiao , Fu Chaopeng , Sun Baode 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRechargeable aluminum–sulfur (Al–S) batteries have been considered as a highly potential energy storage system owing to the high theoretical capacity, good safety, abundant natural reserves, and low cost of Al and S. However, the research progress of Al–S batteries is limited by the slow kinetics and shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides intermediates. Herein, an interconnected free-standing interlayer of iron single atoms supported on porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (FeSAs-NCF) on the separator is developed and used as both catalyst and chemical barrier for Al–S batteries. The atomically dispersed iron active sites (Fe–N4) are clearly identified by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structure. The Al–S battery with the FeSAs-NCF shows an improved specific capacity of 780 mAh g−1 and enhanced cycle stability. As evidenced by experimental and theoretical results, the atomically dispersed iron active centers on the separator can chemically adsorb the polysulfides and accelerate reaction kinetics to inhibit the shuttle effect and promote the reversible conversion between aluminum polysulfides, thus improving the electrochemical performance of the Al–S battery. This work provides a new way that can not only promote the conversion of aluminum sulfides but also suppress the shuttle effect in Al–S batteries.
One-Dimensional Magnetic FeCoNi Alloy Toward Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Yang Bintong , Fang Jiefeng , Xu Chunyang , Cao Hui , Zhang Ruixuan , Zhao Biao , Huang Mengqiu , Wang Xiangyu , Lv Hualiang , Che Renchao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRational designing of one-dimensional (1D) magnetic alloy to facilitate electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation capability in low-frequency (2–6 GHz) microwave absorption field is highly desired but remains a significant challenge. In this study, a composite EM wave absorber made of a FeCoNi medium-entropy alloy embedded in a 1D carbon matrix framework is rationally designed through an improved electrospinning method. The 1D-shaped FeCoNi alloy embedded composite demonstrates the high-density and continuous magnetic network using off-axis electronic holography technique, indicating the excellent magnetic loss ability under an external EM field. Then, the in-depth analysis shows that many factors, including 1D anisotropy and intrinsic physical features of the magnetic medium-entropy alloy, primarily contribute to the enhanced EM wave absorption performance. Therefore, the fabricated EM wave absorber shows an increasing effective absorption band of 1.3 GHz in the low-frequency electromagnetic field at an ultrathin thickness of 2 mm. Thus, this study opens up a new method for the design and preparation of high-performance 1D magnetic EM absorbers.
Multi-perspective Data Modelling in Cyber Physical Production Networks: Data, Services and Actors
Authors: Bagozi Ada , Bianchini Devis , Rula Anisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, Cyber Physical Production Systems and Digital Threads opened the vision on the importance of data modelling and management to lead the smart factory towards a full-fledged vertical and horizontal integration. Vertical integration refers to the full connection of smart factory levels from the work centers on the shop floor up to the business layer. Horizontal integration is realised when a single smart factory participates in multiple interleaved supply chains with different roles (e.g., main producer, supplier), sharing data and services and forming a Cyber Physical Production Network. In such an interconnected world, data and services become fundamental elements in the cyberspace to implement advanced data-driven applications such as production scheduling, energy consumption optimisation, anomaly detection, predictive maintenance, change management in Product Lifecycle Management, process monitoring and so forth. In this paper, we propose a methodology that guides the design of a portfolio of data-oriented services in a Cyber Physical Production Network. The methodology starts from the goals of the actors in the network, as well as their requirements on data and functions. Therefore, a data model is designed to represent the information shared across actors according to three interleaved perspectives, namely, product, process and industrial assets. Finally, multi-perspective data-oriented services for collecting, monitoring, dispatching and displaying data are built on top of the data model, according to the three perspectives. The methodology also includes a set of access policies for the actors in order to enable controlled access to data and services. The methodology is tested on a real case study for the production of valves in deep and ultra-deep water applications. Experimental validation in the real case study demonstrates the benefits of providing a methodological support for the design of multi-perspective data-oriented services in Cyber Physical Production Networks, both in terms of usability of the data navigation through the services and in terms of service performances in presence of Big Data.
The Clinical Frailty Scale can be used retrospectively to assess the frailty of patients with hip fracture: a validation study
Authors: Kay Robert S. , Hughes Martin , Williamson Thomas R. , Hall Andrew J. , Duckworth Andrew D. , Clement Nick D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Frailty is a common clinical syndrome affecting hip fracture patients. Recognising and accurately assessing frailty status is important in clinical and research settings. The Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a commonly used instrument and demonstrates a strong correlation with mortality and length of hospital admission following hip fracture. What is not understood, however, is the validity of retrospectively assigned CFS scores in hip fracture patients. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of retrospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores in hip fracture patients.

Methods
Hip fracture patients from a single major trauma centre were assessed and CFS scores were assigned prospectively by non-orthogeriatric clinicians (n = 57). A subset of these patients were also assigned a prospective CFS score by a specialist orthogeriatrician (n = 27). Two separate blinded observers (non-orthogeriatric clinicians) assigned CFS scores retrospectively using electronic patient records alone. Agreement and precision was examined using the Bland–Altman plot, accuracy was assessed using R2 statistic and inter-rater reliability was assessed using quadratic weighted Cohen’s kappa.

Results
Seventy percent of the cohort were female with an average age of 83. Agreement was high between prospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores and retrospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores, with a low bias (0.046) and good accuracy (R2 = 73%). Good agreement was also seen in comparisons between prospective orthogeriatrician assigned CFS scores versus retrospective non-orthogeriatrician assigned scores, with a low bias (0.23) and good accuracy (R2 = 78%). Good inter-rater reliability was seen between blinded observers with a quadratic weighted Cohen’s kappa of 0.76.

Conclusions
Retrospective CFS scores assigned by non-orthogeriatricians are a valid means of assessing frailty status in hip fracture patients. However, our results suggest a tendency for non-orthogeriatricians to marginally overestimate frailty status when assigning CFS scores retrospectively.

Level of evidence
3.
Task Allocation Using a Team of Robots
Authors: Aziz Haris , Pal Arindam , Pourmiri Ali , Ramezani Fahimeh , Sims Brendan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTask allocation using a team or coalition of robots is one of the most important problems in robotics, computer science, operational research, and artificial intelligence. We present a survey of multi-robot task allocation covering many problem variants and solution approaches, both centralized and decentralized.Recent FindingsIn recent work, research has focused on handling complex objectives and feasibility constraints amongst other variations of the multi-robot task allocation problem. There are many examples of important research and recent progress in these directions, which are captured in this survey, along with similar examples for the various solutions that have been developed to solve such problems.SummaryWe first present a general formulation of the task allocation problem that generalizes several versions that are well-studied. Our formulation includes the states of robots, tasks, and the surrounding environment in which they operate, and we describe how the problem can be varied depending on the feasibility constraints, objective functions, and the level of dynamically changing information. In addition, we discuss existing solution approaches for the problem including optimization-based approaches, and market-based approaches.
Legitimising disciplinary literacy: rewriting the rules of the literacy game and enhancing secondary teachers’ professional habitus
Authors: McLean Davies Larissa , Potter Troy , Herrington Michèle Hinton 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper takes up key questions of this special issue regarding tensions and challenges in the field of literacy education by exploring how literary knowledge and skills intersect with subject area teachers’ disciplinary ontologies and epistemologies. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s thinking tools, we analyse how literacy across the curriculum has been approached in policy and practice terms in recent decades, particularly in the context of neoliberal reforms and increasing accountability cultures. We then discuss the implications and limits of these approaches for teacher identity and professionalism, and using two initiatives in both pre-service and in-service contexts as examples, we consider ways of reconsidering the field of disciplinary literacy and the habitus of subject experts, so that secondary teachers might be best placed to support diverse learners in their classrooms.
Gender Dysphoria and Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Soldati Lorenzo , Hasler Roland , Recordon Nathalie , Clement Marie , Köhl John , Perroud Nader 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWorld Professional Association for Transgender Health guidelines support the importance of a mental health assessment before providing medical treatment for Gender Dysphoria (GD). During this assessment, patients without GD but with mental health disorder and who request treatment for GD should be excluded. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a poorly known mental disorder which can be confused for GD.AimTo provide a case report of a patient suffering for DID but asking for treatment for GD and to provide a review of the literature on GD and DID.MethodA case report assessment and follow-up was described and a systematic review of the literature was performed in Pubmed, PsychInfo, and Embase databases.OutcomeTo provide all cases with assessment and follow-up of DID and GD.ResultsThe case report describes a man suffering from DID and asking for hormonal treatment for GD. After assessment the patient was able to let go of his wish for treatment for GD and begin psychotherapy for DID. During the literature review 11 articles were included. 3 articles showed a prevalence of DID of 0%, 0.8% and 1,5% in GD samples. 5 articles were case reports of patients with both diagnoses of GD and DID which showed the complexity of the care of these patients. 2 articles were case reports, where a GD diagnosis was done first, and then counseling for GD was proposed. After a second session, the diagnosis was changed for DID. In 1 other case report and our case report there was a description of 2 persons suffering from DID and asking for treatment for GD.Clinical implicationsOur review shows the complexity of providing care to patients with a comorbidity of GD and DID, as well as the complexity of making the differential diagnosis between GD and DID.Strengths and LimitationsA systematic review was performed on these rare cases. Our study presents the results for a small group of patients.ConclusionsThis article provides the first systematic review on GD and DID and shows that DID in a GD sample does not seem to be higher than in the general population. In addition, it allow clinicians to gain better knowledge about patients suffering from both DID and GD and patients suffering from DID who ask for GD treatment.
Paced Mating Behaviour Is Influenced by Duration of Female Post-Ejaculatory Interval
Authors: Corlett Allison G. , Frankl Paula R. , Akindona Funto A.B. , VanDerwerker Margriet E. , Meerts Sarah H. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLaboratory paradigms that enable the female rat to control the frequency and temporal distribution of sexual stimulation are well-suited to gaining knowledge about female sexual function; however, the variety of procedures used influence the specific behaviors exhibited by female rats and bring uncertainty into the conclusions that can be drawn.AimIn this study, we evaluated the effects of test parameters on the display of paced mating behavior in female rats to develop better preclinical models for exploring female sexual health.MethodsSexually experienced, estradiol- and progesterone-primed female rats were tested under paced mating conditions to determine whether sexual behavior differed as a function of number of male partners (1 or 3; Experiment 1), the time span between receipt of an ejaculation and the next intromission (ie, the post-ejaculatory interval or PEI; Experiment 2), or the duration of ejaculations (Experiment 3).OutcomesContact-return latency, exit latency, and withdrawal duration after mounts, intromissions, and ejaculations.ResultsThe shorter withdrawal latency after intromission and longer return latency after ejaculation observed in 30-minute paced mating tests is best attributed to the female’s PEI. The duration of the PEI is a specific factor that affects the display of paced mating behavior.Clinical TranslationUnderstanding of neurobiological mechanisms and sensory factors influencing sexual behavior learned from these models can be applied to studies of human female sexual health.Strengths & LimitationsSexual motivation is indicated by analogous behaviors and supported by evolutionarily conserved systems in women and rats, meaning that animal models can be used to identify neurobiological mechanisms subserving these behaviors. Nonetheless, data related specifically to physiological effects of different mating paradigms are needed in future research.ConclusionProcedures that mimic naturalistic settings, and thus enable female sexual motivation to drive behavior, are apt for studies aimed at understanding mechanisms supporting female sexual function whereas artificially lengthening the interval between an ejaculation and subsequent intromission may provide a model to study female sexual dysfunction.
The global prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yuancai , Qin Huikai , Huang Jianying , Li Junqiang , Zhang Longxian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCryptosporidium spp. are important pathogens with some species causing diarrhoea in humans and animals. Sheep are one of the most common potential hosts for various Cryptosporidium spp. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep globally was evaluated from published information including molecular data via meta-analysis. In total, 126 datasets from 41 countries were included for final quantitative analysis. Sheep aged <3 months had a significantly higher prevalence (27.8%; 3284/11 938) than those at the age of 3–12 and >12 months. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep with diarrhoea of 35.4% (844/1915) was higher than in sheep that did not show diarrhoea (11.3%; 176/1691). Fourteen Cryptosporidium species/genotypes were detected in sheep globally. The proportion of subgenotype family XIIa of Cryptosporidium ubiquitum was 90.0% (216/240); the proportions of subgenotypes IIdA20G1 and IIaA15G2R1 of Cryptosporidium parvum were 15.4% (62/402) and 19.7% (79/402). The results indicate that C. parvum is the dominant species in Europe while Cryptosporidium xiaoi is the dominant species in Oceania, Asia and Africa and C. ubiquitum is the dominant species in North America and South America. Subgenotype family IIa of C. parvum is particularly widespread among sheep worldwide. The results highlight the role of sheep as a reservoir host for zoonotic cryptosporidia and the need for further study of prevalence, transmission and control of this pathogen in sheep.
Do general and specific factors of preschool psychopathology predict preadolescent outcomes? A transdiagnostic hierarchical approach
Authors: Michelini Giorgia , Gair Kelly , Tian Yuan , Miao Jiaju , Dougherty Lea R. , Goldstein Brandon L. , MacNeill Leigha A. , Barch Deanna M. , Luby Joan L. , Wakschlag Lauren S. , Klein Daniel N. , Kotov Roman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPreschool psychiatric symptoms significantly increase the risk for long-term negative outcomes. Transdiagnostic hierarchical approaches that capture general (‘p’) and specific psychopathology dimensions are promising for understanding risk and predicting outcomes, but their predictive utility in young children is not well established. We delineated a hierarchical structure of preschool psychopathology dimensions and tested their ability to predict psychiatric disorders and functional impairment in preadolescence.MethodsData for 1253 preschool children (mean age = 4.17, s.d. = 0.81) were drawn from three longitudinal studies using a similar methodology (one community sample, two psychopathology-enriched samples) and followed up into preadolescence, yielding a large and diverse sample. Exploratory factor models derived a hierarchical structure of general and specific factors using symptoms from the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment interview. Longitudinal analyses examined the prospective associations of preschool p and specific factors with preadolescent psychiatric disorders and functional impairment.ResultsA hierarchical dimensional structure with a p factor at the top and up to six specific factors (distress, fear, separation anxiety, social anxiety, inattention-hyperactivity, oppositionality) emerged at preschool age. The p factor predicted all preadolescent disorders (ΔR2 = 0.04–0.15) and functional impairment (ΔR2 = 0.01–0.07) to a significantly greater extent than preschool psychiatric diagnoses and functioning. Specific dimensions provided additional predictive power for the majority of preadolescent outcomes (disorders: ΔR2 = 0.06–0.15; functional impairment: ΔR2 = 0.05–0.12).ConclusionsBoth general and specific dimensions of preschool psychopathology are useful for predicting clinical and functional outcomes almost a decade later. These findings highlight the value of transdiagnostic dimensions for predicting prognosis and as potential targets for early intervention and prevention.
Integrating Long and Short‐Term Time Dependencies in Simulation‐Based Seismic Hazard Assessments
Authors: Iacoletti Salvatore , Cremen Gemma , Galasso Carmine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConventional probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) only considers mainshock events and uses a time‐independent earthquake rupture forecast to describe the occurrence of mainshocks. This approach neglects the long‐term time‐dependency of mainshocks on specific fault segments, the interaction of adjacent faults, and the spatial and temporal clustering of aftershocks. This study integrates a recently proposed advanced fault‐based PSHA framework with an aftershock simulator based on the Epidemic‐Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, to overcome the aforementioned limitations. Central Italy is used as a case study to illustrate the proposed framework. The case‐study hazard curves show that including state‐of‐the‐art advances in fault‐based PSHA may increase the ground‐motion amplitudes for low return periods, and decrease the ground‐motion amplitudes for high return periods, relative to a conventional PSHA approach. The magnitude of ground‐motion estimate increases due to aftershock inclusion is dependent on the selected site and return period. Sensitivity analyses of the results demonstrate that: (a) close to modeled faults, high‐return‐period hazard estimates are more affected by fault‐related inputs than the aftershock inclusion; (b) close to modeled faults, the influence of aftershock inclusion is higher for low return periods than high ones; (c) away from modeled faults, aftershocks inclusion greatly affects the variance of the hazard results; and (d) fault interaction has a limited effect on the variance of the hazard estimates compared to other analysis inputs. This study could help with the future implementation of complex fault modeling approaches and aftershock hazard in seismic risk models.
A Framework for Fracture Extraction Under Glaciological Property‐Based Constraints: Scientific Application on the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf of Antarctica
Authors: lv D. , Cheng Y. , Xiao H. , Hai G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFractures are an important indicator of ice shelf instability and predecessors of calving events. It is of great importance to identify fractures and understand the formation and propagation processes of fractures. However, automated methods of fracture identification also erroneously extract non‐fracture features, which are mixed with the automatically extracted fractures, negatively impacting the accuracy of the results. In this study, a framework for fracture extraction with glaciological property‐based constraints was proposed to extract fractures and filter out non‐fracture features. The extraction module consists of image preprocessing and linear feature extraction. The constraints were based on glaciological property analysis, including constraints based on physical properties of fractures and structural properties of ice shelves. The framework was applied to Mosaic of Antarctica and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager images to extract fractures on the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. The results suggest that most of the non‐fracture features were successfully filtered out, accounting for about half of all linear features. Upon comparison, it was found that the proposed method detected ∼97% of the rifts and ∼42% of the crevasses detected by manual extraction. The spatial pattern and formation mechanisms of the fractures were analyzed based on strain maps. The formation of crevasses is closely related to shear margin and longitudinal tension, while the large rifts near the ice shelf front are likely to be related to the strikes of lateral ice flow tributaries. The constraint strategy can be further improved by utilizing more glaciological properties to obtain more‐accurate fracture extraction.