bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with home births in Benin and Mali: evidence from the recent demographic and health surveys
Authors: Bado Aristide R. , Badolo Hermann , Johnson Ermel , Komboigo Béwendin E. , Padonou Sètondji G.R. , Diawara Fatou 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Identifying and understanding the factors associated with homebirths can contribute to improving maternal and child health and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the factors associated with homebirths in Benin and Mali.

Method:
This study is based on the most recent data from the Demographic Health Surveys conducted in Mali and Benin in 2018. The dependent variable was homebirth, and the explanatory variables were the individual characteristics of the woman, distance to the health center, place of residence, number of prenatal consultations had, frequency of media exposure, and the use of the internet. The primary survey unit was considered in the analysis to measure the effect of context on the choice of place of delivery. Further, descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression analysis were used in the study.

Results:
Educational level was associated with homebirth in Benin and Mali; women with either no education or primary education are more likely to give birth at home. Women who did not live close to a health facility were more likely to give birth at home than those who did not face this problem in both countries. Not making visits for antenatal care (ANC) increases the odds of having a homebirth by 31.3 times [confidence interval (CI)=24.10–40.70] in Benin and 12.91 times (CI=10.21–16.33) in Mali. Similarly, women who went on 1–2 ANC visits were more likely to give birth at home compared with women who made 5 or more ANC visits in both countries. The number of children per woman was also a significant factor in both countries. Women who often or regularly paid attention to the media messages were less likely to give birth at home compared with those who did not follow relevant media inputs [adjusted odds ratio=0.42 (CI=0.26–0.67) in Benin and adjusted odds ratio=0.65 (CI=0.50–0.85) in Mali].

Conclusion:
Increasing the demand and uptake of women’s health services by improving the availability and quality of services and establishing community health centers could help reduce the incidence of homebirths that can be risky and, thus, combat maternal and infant mortality.
Hypoxia regulates fibrosis-related genes via histone lactylation in the placentas of patients with preeclampsia
Authors: Li Xiang , Yang Nana , Wu Yue , Wang Xuegu , Sun Junpei , Liu Lei , Zhang Feng , Gong Yingying , Zhang Yan , Li Xueting , Du Danli , Ding Biao 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Histone lactylation, a novel epigenetic modification induced by hypoxia and lactate, plays an important role in regulating gene expression. However, the role of histone lactylation in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains unknown.

Methods:
Placentas from preeclamptic patients and control pregnant women were collected for protein immunoassay to detect the expression level of histone lactylation, and two trophoblast cell lines were used to simulate the effect of histone lactylation on genes.

Results:
We found that lactate and histone lactylation levels were increased in preeclamptic placentas. In vitro, hypoxia was demonstrated to induce histone lactylation by promoting the production of lactate in human-trophoblast-derived cell line (HTR-8/SVneo) and human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line (TEV-1) cells. In addition, 152 genes were found to be upregulated by both hypoxia exposure and sodium l-lactate treatment in HTR-8/SVneo cells. These genes were mainly enriched in the pathways including the response to hypoxia, cell migration and focal adhesion. Among the 152 genes, nine were upregulated in preeclamptic placentas. Most noteworthy, two upregulated fibrosis-related genes, FN1 and SERPINE1, were promoted by hypoxia through histone lactylation mediated by the production of lactate.

Conclusions:
The present study demonstrated the elevated levels of histone lactylation in preeclamptic placentas and identified fibrosis-related genes that were promoted by histone lactylation induced by hypoxia in trophoblast cells, which provides novel insights into the mechanism of placental dysfunction in preeclampsia.
Prevalence, time-trends and clinical characteristics of hypertension in young adults: nationwide cross-sectional study of 1.7 million Swedish 18-year-olds, 1969–2010
Authors: Rietz Helene , Pennlert Johanna , Nordström Peter , Brunström Mattias 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The prevalence of hypertension in young adulthood, as well as the clinical characteristics associated with different hypertension subtypes, have been inconsistently described. Our aim was to assess the prevalence, time-trends and characteristics associated with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension and combined systodiastolic hypertension.

Methods:
Serial cross-sectional analysis, using data from the Swedish conscription registry, including 1701 314 (99.2% male) individuals from 1969 to 2010. Risk factor associations were assessed through multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
The prevalence of hypertension increased progressively during the study period, from 20.4% in 1969 to 29.3% in 2010, with ISH being the most common subtype (94.3%). ISH was associated with elevated resting heart rate (odds ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.84–1.86, per SD), increased exercise capacity (1.37, 1.36–1.39) and increased BMI (1.30, 1.29–1.31). Isolated diastolic hypertension and combined hypertension were also associated with elevated resting heart rate (1.37, 1.32–1.41 and 2.05, 1.99–2.11, respectively) and more strongly associated with increased BMI (1.36, 1.33–1.40 and 1.54, 1.51 – 1.58), but inversely associated with exercise capacity (0.79, 0.75–0.83 and 0.90, 0.86–0.95).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of hypertension in young adulthood has increased substantially over time, predominantly due to an increase in ISH. Risk factor patterns differed between ISH and other forms of hypertension, suggesting potentially different underlying mechanisms.
Distinct transcriptomic profile of small arteries of hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease identified miR-338-3p targeting GPX3 and PTPRS
Authors: Berillo Olga , Huo Ku-Geng , Richer Chantal , Fraulob-Aquino Júlio C. , Briet Marie , Lipman Mark L. , Sinnett Daniel , Paradis Pierre , Schiffrin Ernesto L. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Hypertension is associated with vascular injury, which contributes to end-organ damage. MicroRNAs regulating mRNAs have been shown to play a role in vascular injury in hypertensive mice. We aimed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs and their mRNA targets in small arteries of hypertensive patients with/without chronic kidney disease (CKD) to shed light on the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling.

Methods and results:
Normotensive individuals and hypertensive patients with/without CKD were recruited (n = 15–16 per group). Differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs were identified uniquely associated with hypertension (microRNAs: 10, mRNAs: 68) or CKD (microRNAs: 68, mRNAs: 395), and in both groups (microRNAs: 2, mRNAs: 32) with a P less than 0.05 and a fold change less than or greater than 1.3 in subcutaneous small arteries (n = 14–15). One of the top three differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-338-3p that was down-regulated in CKD, presented the best correlation between RNA sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR, R
2 = 0.328, P < 0.001). Profiling of human aortic vascular cells showed that miR-338-3p was mostly expressed in endothelial cells. Two of the selected top nine up-regulated miR-338-3p predicted targets, glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S (PTPRS), were validated with mimics by RT-qPCR in human aortic endothelial cells (P < 0.05) and by a luciferase assay in HEK293T cells (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
A distinct transcriptomic profile was observed in gluteal subcutaneous small arteries of hypertensive patients with CKD. Down-regulated miR-338-3p could contribute to GPX3 and PTPRS up-regulation via the canonical microRNA targeting machinery in hypertensive patients with CKD.

Graphical abstract:

http://links.lww.com/HJH/C27
LRP5 BIALLELIC MUTATIONS CAUSE A HIGHER INCIDENCE OF SEVERE PHENOTYPE COMPARED WITH LRP5 MONOALLELIC MUTATION
Authors: Chen Chunli , Zhang Xiang , Peng Xiaoyan , Hu Feng , Cheng Yizhe , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To analyze the clinical features of LRP5 gene mutation-related familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and explore the potential phenotype–genotype correlation on LRP5 gene.

Methods:
Eighty-seven familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) families with LRP5 mutations were selected from 722 FEVR patients, which were divided into 2 groups, including 22 autosomal-recessive FEVR (ar-FEVR) families and 65 autosomal-dominant FEVR (ad-FEVR) families. Clinical and genetic data were retrospectively analyzed. The potential phenotype–genotype correlation was explored from the mutation type and inheritance pattern.

Results:
No significant difference between the LRP5 null mutation subgroup and the LRP5 missense mutation subgroup was observed in the proportion of FEVR stage and the ratio of ocular involvement. Instead, a significant difference between the LRP5 ar-FEVR subgroup and the LRP5 ad-FEVR subgroup was observed in the proportion of FEVR stage and the ratio of binocularly severe phenotype. The probands with LRP5 gene recessive mutation showed a higher incidence of severe phenotype. Moreover, the ratio of binocularly severe patients in ar-FEVR was nearly 3.5 times higher than that in ad-FEVR.

Conclusion:
The severity of phenotype was more likely to be related to the synergistic effect of the variants.
VITREOUS SEEDING OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA IN A PATIENT RECEIVING CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS
Authors: Dajani Omar , Wong Anthony , Coleman Alyssa , Shepherd Emily A. , Wind Kenneth P. , MacCumber Mathew W. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To describe a case of vitreous seeding with tractional retinal detachment as a result of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in a patient on systemic checkpoint inhibitors.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 44-year-old Hispanic woman with a history of renal cell carcinoma with metastases to the lungs, adrenal glands, hilar lymph nodes, and peritoneum presented with a complaint of severe floaters and blurry vision of the right eye for two months. She was found to have dense, web-like vitreous opacities and a peripheral tractional retinal detachment of the right eye. Pars plana vitrectomy, membrane peeling, endolaser, air–fluid exchange, gas injection, and vitreous biopsy were performed. The vitreous and membranes were sent for cytology with stains, including AE1/AE3, PAX-8, CK-7, CA-IX, AMACR, and S-100. Cytology revealed crowded groups of glandular cells, some in papillary-like formations. Positive stains included AE1/AE3, PAX-8, CK-7, CA-IX, and AMACR.

Conclusion:
Cytology and pathology demonstrated that vitreous seeding of metastatic renal cell carcinoma without an ocular mass lesion. It is hypothesized that the use of checkpoint inhibitors played a role in allowing for the atypical and previously unreported seeding of renal cell carcinoma to the vitreous.
OPTIC DISK PIT STUFFING—TO DO OR NOT TO DO
Authors: Anand Abhishek , Sinha Shivani , Kumari Aayushi , Mohan Nilesh , Sinha Bibhuti P. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Optic disk pit (ODP) is a subset of spectrum of congenital cavitary anomalies. Optic disk pit maculopathy causes progressive visual deterioration and is addressed with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without ODP stuffing.

Patient and Methods:
We report a case of progressive ODP maculopathy who was taken up for 23-G 3-port PPV, with complete vitreous removal and stuffing of the ODP with autologous sclera and sequential analysis of change in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.

Results:
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography RNFL analysis at 1 and 12 months follow-up postoperatively showed total RNFL thickness decrease from 130 µm to 103 µm respectively. Hemiquadrant analysis showed slight reduction of superior RNFL thickness from 142 µm to 139 µm. However, in the inferior hemiquadrant, the reduction in mean RNFL thickness seems to be significant from 133 µm to 100 µm at 1 and 12 months respectively. Sector-wise analysis of the RNFL thickness showed maximum reduction in the inferotemporal quadrant and other sectors seemed to be relatively preserved corresponding to the area of scleral stuffing.

Conclusion:
Retrospective or prospective analysis of RNFL health of patients undergoing surgery for ODP-M with stuffing needs to evaluated.
Mucormycosis in Children With Hematologic Malignancies: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Loeffen Yvette G. T. , Scharloo Fenna , Goemans Bianca F. , Heitink-Polle Katja M. J. , Lindemans Caroline A. , van der Bruggen Tjomme , Hagen Ferry , Wolfs Tom F. W. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Mucormycosis is classified as the third leading cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised patients and is characterized by high morbidity and mortality (33%–56%). The aim of this study is to describe presentation, treatment and outcome of Dutch pediatric hemato-oncology patients recently diagnosed with mucormycosis and to review the literature to gain more insight specifically into contemporary outcome data.

Methods:
Ten cases were diagnosed in the Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology from 2018 to 2021 and were retrospectively reviewed. In addition, 9 case series (n = 148) were included from literature.

Results:
In our case series, 5 patients of 10 children (age 2–17 years) had disseminated invasive fungal disease. Four patients had localized pulmonary disease and 1 had a localized renal infection. One diagnosis was made postmortem. The underlying diseases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 6), acute myeloid leukemia (n = 2) and lymphoma (n=2). Seven patients received combination therapy comprising of a lipid amphotericin B formulation and a triazole, surgery was performed in 67%. All neutropenic patients received granulocyte transfusions and/or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Mucormycosis-related mortality was 20%. In the literature review, mucormycosis-related mortality was 36% for all patients and 66% for patients with disseminated disease. Survival rates were similar over the past 2 decades. The most common underlying disorder was acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Liposomal amphotericin B was the mainstay of treatment. Seventy percent of patients underwent surgery.

Conclusions:
Although survival of mucormycosis improved significantly overtime, it plateaued in the past decades. This series shows that with screening, early diagnostics and early antifungal and if possible surgical treatment, mortality is low and even disseminated disease is salvageable if approached aggressively with a combination of surgery and antifungal treatment. Further research focused on diagnostics, combination antifungal and adjunctive therapy is necessary to enhance the survival of mucormycosis in children.
Risk Factors of Cognitive Decline in Older Caregivers With HIV: An Emerging Hypothesis
Authors: Vance David E. , Lee Yookyong , Batey D. Scott , Puga Frank , Clay Olivio J. , Byun Jun Y. , Long Alexis R. , Rafford Meghan , Xiao Chunhong , Fazeli Pariya L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) are living longer and healthier lives; thanks to combination antiretroviral therapy. As many PWH age, they find themselves providing care to family members and friends, just as their counterparts without HIV. The literature indicates that becoming a caregiver creates conditions that compromise one's cognitive function. Additionally, nearly 45% of all PWH experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and are already vulnerable to cognitive impairment due to HIV, aging, and accompanying health conditions, and lifestyle factors. Given what is known, we assert that caregivers with HIV, especially as they age, are at additional risk for developing cognitive impairments. The purpose of this commentary was to briefly examine the juxtaposition between cognitive vulnerability of caregiving and the cognitive vulnerability of aging with HIV. Potential factors contributing to impaired cognition include stress, lack of social support, stigma, lifestyle, and comorbidities. Implications for clinical practice and research are provided.
Preferences Toward Attributes of Disease-Modifying Therapies: The Role of Nurses in Multiple Sclerosis Care
Authors: del Río-Muñoz Beatriz , Azanza-Munarriz Cristina , Becerril-Ríos Noelia , Goicochea-Briceño Haydee , Horno Rosalía , Lendínez-Mesa Alejandro , Sánchez-Franco César , Sarmiento Mònica , Bueno-Gil Guillermo , Medrano Nicolás , Maurino Jorge 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Nurses play an essential role in coordinating the care of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) throughout their disease trajectory in a complex treatment landscape. The aim of this study was to assess nurses' preferences toward different disease-modifying therapy attributes. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, noninterventional, cross-sectional study in collaboration with the Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica. Nurses actively involved in MS care were invited to participate in the study. Prevention of disability progression, preservation of cognitive function, side effect profile and safety monitoring, and method of administration were the treatment attributes tested. Conjoint analysis was used to assess preferences in 8 simulated treatment options and rank them from most to least preferred. RESULTS: A total of 98 nurses were included in the study. The mean (SD) age was 44.7 (9.8) years, and 91.8% were female with a mean (SD) time of experience in MS care of 7.5 (5.4) years. Participants prioritized preservation of cognition (38.6%), followed by preventing disability progression (35.2%) and side effect risk and safety monitoring (13.5%). Route and frequency of administration were the least preferred attributes (7.4% and 5.3%, respectively). Estimated utilities were consistent across the sample according to sociodemographic and professional practice characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' preferences toward treatments were mainly driven by efficacy attributes. This information may support the role of nurses in the multidisciplinary management of MS facilitating shared decision making.
The Effect of Job Demands, Job Resources, and Musculoskeletal Complaints on Presenteeism Among the Dependent Self-employment Workers in Korea
Authors: Kim Jiyun , Choi Sookja 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesWe tested the effects of job demands on presenteeism to investigate the mediation of musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) and the moderating effects of job resources among dependent self-employment (DSE) workers in Korea.MethodsUsing data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey, we analyzed 2252 workers, and a two-step regression analysis was used to test the mediated effect of MSCs and moderated the effect of job resources on the relationship between job demand and presenteeism.ResultsMusculoskeletal complaints mediate the relationship between job demands and presenteeism. Job control moderated the relationship between MSCs and presenteeism among the job resources. However, the conditional indirect effect of job demands on presenteeism through MSCs was independent of job resource levels among DSE workers.ConclusionsVarious strategies are needed to address MSCs and enhance job resources for DSE workers, which might diminish the negative effect of job demands on presenteeism.
Examining Clinical Readiness and Performance of Students on Clinical Education Experiences: Is There an Influence From Virtual Learning?
Authors: Neely Laurie , Pabian Patrick , Darby Ashleigh-Jo , Tintor Milica , Vatansever Seher , Stock Matt 
Published: June 2022

Introduction.
Peer simulation is a mechanism to enhance clinical reasoning and determine clinic readiness of Doctor of Physical Therapy students. In 2020, coursework that was traditionally face-to-face (F2F) was conducted completely online at many universities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine if students who completed a stand-alone virtual simulation course presented with the same readiness and performance on their first full-time clinical education experience (CEE) as compared with students who completed the course during the previous 2 years in the traditional F2F format.

Review of Literature.
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, literature focused on virtual learning explored hybrid methods of delivering physical therapy education. There are limited studies exploring the impact of virtual learning on clinical performance of DPT students.

Subjects.
One hundred eight students completed their first full-time CEE during this 3-year period, with 34 having a virtual preparation and 74 having F2F coursework. Twelve of the clinical instructors (CIs) who had supervised students both virtually and in the previous 2 years were included in survey data analysis to compare cohorts.

Methods.
This study used final Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) data to compare objective ratings of student performance from CIs as well as a standardized survey of student clinical readiness based on 22 items previously published. Both instruments were used to compare students from the class of 2022 (virtual cohort) to those from the previous 2 years (F2F cohort). Independent sample t tests were used to examine group differences in perceptions of student readiness and CPI data for compiled professional practice and patient management constructs.

Results.
Clinical Performance Instrument data revealed lower mean scores of students in all areas of performance in the virtual cohort as compared with F2F, but none of the differences reached statistical significance. For the clinical readiness survey, CIs rated students from the virtual cohort lower than prior students in overall readiness, as well as psychomotor, cognitive, and affective skill domains, including safety and accountability. However, none of the mean score differences reached statistical significance.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Although there was no statistical difference in scores on the CPI or perception of clinic readiness by CIs, students from the virtual cohort consistently scored lower on both instruments. Transition of students from F2F coursework for psychomotor skills to virtual formats should transpire with caution. As students transition back to traditional learning environments, programs should evaluate the effectiveness of various teaching methods to ensure excellence in physical therapist education.