bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines development protocol and findings: part of the 2021 Australian evidence‐based guidelines for diabetes‐related foot disease
Authors: Lazzarini Peter A. , Raspovic Anita , Prentice Jenny , Commons Robert J. , Fitridge Robert A. , Charles James , Cheney Jane , Purcell Nytasha , Twigg Stephen M. ,   Australian Diabetes‐related Foot Disease Guidelines & Pathways Project
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes‐related foot disease (DFD) is a leading cause of the Australian disease burden. The 2011 Australian DFD guidelines were outdated. We aimed to develop methodology for systematically adapting suitable international guidelines to the Australian context to become the new Australian evidence‐based guidelines for DFD.MethodsWe followed the Australian National Health Medical Research Council (NHMRC) guidelines for adapting guidelines. We systematically searched for all international DFD guideline records. All identified records were independently screened and assessed for eligibility. Those deemed eligible were further assessed and included if scoring at least moderate quality, suitability and currency using AGREE II and NHMRC instruments. The included international guidelines had all recommendations extracted into six sub‐fields: prevention, wound classification, peripheral artery disease, infection, offloading and wound healing. Six national panels, each comprising 6–8 multidisciplinary national experts, screened all recommendations within their sub‐field for acceptability and applicability in Australia using an ADAPTE form. Where panels were unsure of any acceptability and applicability items, full assessments were undertaken using a GRADE Evidence to Decision tool. Recommendations were adopted, adapted, or excluded, based on the agreement between the panel's and international guideline's judgements. Each panel drafted a guideline that included all their recommendations, rationale, justifications, and implementation considerations. All underwent public consultation, final revision, and approval by national peak bodies.ResultsWe screened 182 identified records, assessed 24 full text records, and after further quality, suitability, and currency assessment, one record was deemed a suitable international guideline, the International Working Group Diabetic Foot Guidelines (IWGDF guidelines). The six panels collectively assessed 100 IWGDF recommendations, with 71 being adopted, 27 adapted, and two excluded for the Australian context. We received 47 public consultation responses with > 80% (strongly) agreeing that the guidelines should be approved, and ten national peak bodies endorsed the final six guidelines. The six guidelines and this protocol can be found at: https://www.diabetesfeetaustralia.org/new‐guidelines/ConclusionNew Australian evidence‐based guidelines for DFD have been developed for the first time in a decade by adapting suitable international guidelines. The methodology developed for adaptation may be useful for other foot‐related conditions. These new guidelines will now serve as the national multidisciplinary best practice standards of DFD care in Australia.
Experimental demonstration and pan-structurome prediction of climate-associated riboSNitches in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ferrero-Serrano Ángel , Sylvia Megan M. , Forstmeier Peter C. , Olson Andrew J. , Ware Doreen , Bevilacqua Philip C. , Assmann Sarah M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) aim to correlate phenotypic changes with genotypic variation. Upon transcription, single nucleotide variants (SNVs) may alter mRNA structure, with potential impacts on transcript stability, macromolecular interactions, and translation. However, plant genomes have not been assessed for the presence of these structure-altering polymorphisms or “riboSNitches.”ResultsWe experimentally demonstrate the presence of riboSNitches in transcripts of twoArabidopsisgenes,ZINC RIBBON 3(ZR3) andCOTTON GOLGI-RELATED 3(CGR3), which are associated with continentality and temperature variation in the natural environment. These riboSNitches are also associated with differences in the abundance of their respective transcripts, implying a role in regulating the gene's expression in adaptation to local climate conditions. We then computationally predict riboSNitches transcriptome-wide in mRNAs of 879 naturally inbredArabidopsisaccessions. We characterize correlations between SNPs/riboSNitches in these accessions and 434 climate descriptors of their local environments, suggesting a role of these variants in local adaptation. We integrate this information in CLIMtools V2.0 and provide a new web resource, T-CLIM, that reveals associations between transcript abundance variation and local environmental variation.ConclusionWe functionally validate two plant riboSNitches and, for the first time, demonstrate riboSNitch conditionality dependent on temperature, coining the term “conditional riboSNitch.” We provide the first pan-genome-wide prediction of riboSNitches in plants. We expand our previous CLIMtools web resource with riboSNitch information and with 1868 additionalArabidopsisgenomes and 269 additional climate conditions, which will greatly facilitate in silico studies of natural genetic variation, its phenotypic consequences, and its role in local adaptation.
Monocytosis and Multiple Myeloma: treatment-related acute leukaemia?
Authors: Trinidad Esparza Cristina Veronica , Lizardo-Thiebaud Maria J. , Leal-Gutierrez María Graciela , Sánchez-Hernandez Beatriz , Montante Montes de Oca Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Therapy-related acute monocytic leukemias in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias are infrequent.

Case presentation
We here present a case of a 60 year old female who developed an acute monocytic leukemia two years after the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. She was treated with an alkylating agent and bortezomib before undergoing a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. She suffered of multiple severe infections until her immune system was adequately reconstituted. A year afterwards, she presented signs of deterioration unrelated to the MM, with pancytopenia. The bone marrow aspirate failed to show a prominent blast population. The diagnosis of AML was confirmed after a bone marrow biopsy.

Discussion
The development of acute leukaemia after treatment for multiple myeloma is a well characterized phenomenon. Most frequently, patients develop a myelomonocytic leukemia. Similarly, synchronous acute myeloid leukemias are myelomonocytic or myeloblastic. Rarely synchronous AMLs are monocytic. The development of such suggests a dysfunctional bone marrow microenvironment.
Real-world clinical and cost-effectiveness of community clozapine initiation: mirror cohort study
Authors: Butler Emma , Pillinger Toby , Brown Kirsten , Borgan Faith , Bowen Alice , Beck Katherine , D'Ambrosio Enrico , Donaldson Lisa , Jauhar Sameer , Kaar Stephen , Marques Tiago Reis , McCutcheon Robert A. , Rogdaki Maria , Gaughran Fiona , MacCabe James , Ramsay Rosalind , Taylor David , McCrone Paul , Egerton Alice , Howes Oliver D. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundClozapine is the only drug licensed for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) but the real-world clinical and cost-effectiveness of community initiation of clozapine is unclear.AimsThe aim was to assess the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of community initiation of clozapine.MethodThis was a naturalistic study of community patients recommended for clozapine treatment.ResultsOf 158 patients recommended for clozapine treatment, 88 (56%) patients agreed to clozapine initiation and, of these, 58 (66%) were successfully established on clozapine. The success rate for community initiation was 65.4%; which was not significantly different from that for in-patient initiation (58.82%, χ2(1,88) = 0.47, P = 0.49). Following clozapine initiation, there was a significant reduction in median out-patient visits over 1 year (from 24.00 (interquartile range (IQR) = 14.00–41.00) to 13.00 visits (IQR = 5.00–24.00), P < 0.001), and 2 years (from 47.50 visits (IQR = 24.75–71.00) to 22.00 (IQR = 11.00–42.00), P < 0.001), and a 74.71% decrease in psychiatric hospital bed days (z = −2.50, P = 0.01). Service-use costs decreased (1 year: –£963/patient (P < 0.001); 2 years: –£1598.10/patient (P < 0.001). Subanalyses for community-only initiation also showed significant cost reductions (1 year: –£827.40/patient (P < 0.001); 2 year: –£1668.50/patient (P < 0.001) relative to costs prior to starting clozapine. Relative to before initiation, symptom severity was improved in patients taking clozapine at discharge (median Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score: initial visit: 80 (IQR = 71.00–104.00); discharge visit 50.5 (IQR = 44.75–75.00), P < 0.001) and at 2 year follow-up (Health of Nation Outcome Scales total score median initial visit: 13.00 (IQR = 9.00–15.00); 2 year follow-up: 8.00 (IQR = 3.00–13.00), P = 0.023).ConclusionsThese findings indicate that community initiation of clozapine is feasible and is associated with significant reductions in costs, service use and symptom severity.
Thyroid Nodule Shape Independently Predicts Risk of Malignancy
Authors: Pappa Theodora , Ahmadi Sara , Bikas Athanasios , Hwang Sally , Coleman Alexandra , Lobon Isabel , Xiang Pingping , Kim Matthew , Marqusee Ellen , Richman Danielle M , Durfee Sara M , Asch Elizabeth H , Benson Carol B , Frates Mary C , Landa Iñigo , Alexander Erik K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Context
Predictive models of thyroid nodule cancer risk are presently based upon nodule composition, echogenicity, margins, and the presence of microcalcifications. Nodule shape has shown promise to be an additive factor helping determine the need for nodule biopsy.

Objective
We sought to determine if calculation of a nodule’s spherical shape independently associates with cancer risk.

Methods
This prospective cohort study, conducted at a single large academic healthcare system in the United States, included patients with 1 or 2 clinically relevant thyroid nodules (predominantly solid and over 1 cm) presenting for diagnostic evaluation. Thyroid ultrasound, cytological evaluation with fine-needle biopsy, and/or histopathological examination on occasion of thyroid surgery were performed. We calculated the nodule’s long to short ratio (spherical shape), and its association with tissue proven benign or malignant endpoints.

Results
The long to short nodule ratio was significantly lower in malignant compared to benign nodules indicating greater risk of malignancy in more spherical nodules (1.63 ± 0.38 for malignant nodules vs 1.74 ± 0.47 for benign, P &lt; 0.0001). The risk of malignancy continually increased as the long to short ratio approached a purely spherical ratio of 1.0 (ratio &gt; 2.00, 14.6% cancer; ratio 1.51-2.00, 19.7%; ratio 1.00-1.50, 25.5%, P &lt; 0.0001). In multiple regression analysis, younger age, male sex, and nodule’s spherical shape were each independently associated with cancer risk.

Conclusion
The more a thyroid nodule is spherically shaped, as indicated by a long to short ratio approaching 1.0, the greater its risk of malignancy. This was independent of age, sex, and nodule size. Incorporating a nodule’s sphericity in the risk stratification systems may improve individualized clinical decision making.
Inhibiting the endocannabinoid degrading enzymes FAAH and MAGL during zebrafish embryogenesis alters sensorimotor function
Authors: Khara Lakhan S. , Amin Md Ruhul , Ali Declan W. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe endocannabinoid system (eCS) plays a critical role in a variety of homeostatic and developmental processes. Although the eCS is known to be involved in motor and sensory function, the role of endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in sensorimotor development remains to be fully understood. In this study, the catabolic enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) were inhibited either simultaneously or individually during the first ∼24 h of zebrafish embryogenesis, and the properties of contractile events and escape responses were studied in animals ranging in age from 1 day post-fertilization (dpf) to 10 weeks. This perturbation of the eCS resulted in alterations to contractile activity at 1 dpf. Inhibition of MAGL using JZL 184 and dual inhibition of FAAH/MAGL using JZL 195 decreased escape swimming activity at 2 dpf. Treatment with JZL 195 also produced alterations in the properties of the 2 dpf short latency C-start escape response. Animals treated with JZL 195 exhibited deficits in escape responses elicited by auditory/vibrational stimuli at 5 and 6 dpf. These deficits were also present during the juvenile developmental stage (8- to 10-week-old fish), demonstrating a prolonged impact to sensory systems. These findings demonstrate that eCS perturbation affects sensorimotor function, and underscores the importance of eCB signaling in the development of motor and sensory processes.
Potato Protein Ingestion Increases Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates at Rest and during Recovery from Exercise in Humans
Authors: PINCKAERS PHILIPPE J. M. , HENDRIKS FLORIS K. , HERMANS WESLEY J.H. , GOESSENS JOY P.B. , SENDEN JOAN M. , VAN KRANENBURG JANNEAU M. X. , WODZIG WILL K. H. W. , SNIJDERS TIM , VAN LOON LUC J. C. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Plant-derived proteins have received considerable attention as an alternative to animal-based proteins and are now frequently used in both plant-based diets and sports nutrition products. However, little information is available on the anabolic properties of potato-derived protein. This study compares muscle protein synthesis rates after the ingestion of 30 g potato protein versus 30 g milk protein at rest and during recovery from a single bout of resistance exercise in healthy, young males.

Methods
In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design, 24 healthy young males (24 ± 4 yr) received primed continuous l-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine infusions while ingesting 30 g potato-derived protein or 30 g milk protein after a single bout of unilateral resistance exercise. Blood and muscle biopsies were collected for 5 h after protein ingestion to assess postprandial plasma amino acid profiles and mixed muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise.

Results
Ingestion of both potato and milk protein increased mixed muscle protein synthesis rates when compared with basal postabsorptive values (from 0.020% ± 0.011% to 0.053% ± 0.017%·h−1 and from 0.021% ± 0.014% to 0.050% ± 0.012%·h−1, respectively; P < 0.001), with no differences between treatments (P = 0.54). In the exercised leg, mixed muscle protein synthesis rates increased to 0.069% ± 0.019% and 0.064% ± 0.015%·h−1 after ingesting potato and milk protein, respectively (P < 0.001), with no differences between treatments (P = 0.52). The muscle protein synthetic response was greater in the exercised compared with the resting leg (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Ingestion of 30 g potato protein concentrate increases muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise in healthy, young males. Muscle protein synthesis rates after the ingestion of 30 g potato protein do not differ from rates observed after ingesting an equivalent amount of milk protein.
Complications of peripheral intravenous catheters and risk factors for infiltration and phlebitis in children
Authors: Karaoğlan Nalan , Sarı Hatice Yıldırım , Devrim İlker 
Published: April 2022

Aim: This study aimed to identify the types of complications of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) in hospitalised children and possible risk factors for the development of extravasation, infiltration and phlebitis. Method: The study was conducted in the largest children's hospital in a region of Turkey, with a bed capacity of 354 and 1400 employees, which provides care only to paediatric patients aged from newborn to 18 years old. In this 5-month prospective study, the complications of PIVCs in hospitalised children and risk factors leading to the development of extravasation, infiltration and phlebitis were recorded. During morning and afternoon daily visits, the researcher examined catheter sites for complications and indications for removal. Results: The study covered 244 patients aged from 1 month to 17 years, 575 PIVCs and 1600 catheter days. The rates of infiltration and phlebitis observed in children with PIVCs were 8.7 % and 15.8% respectively. Logistic regression revealed that using 22- and 24-gauge catheters, hospitalisation in the surgery ward and continuous infusion were significant independent risk factors for the development of infiltration (P<0.001). Direct logistic regression revealed that age in months, hospitalisation in a surgery ward and placement of the catheter in the veins of the antecubital fossa were significant independent risk factors for the development of phlebitis (P<0.001). Conclusion: Catheter size, hospitalisation in the surgery ward and continuous infusion contributed to the development of infiltration. Age, hospitalisation in the surgery ward and catheter placement in the antecubital vein contributed to the development of phlebitis.
O Legado Linguístico dos Tapuias no Sertão Baiano
Authors: Santana Rejane Cristine Carneiro , Mendes Luan Oliveira 
Published: April 2022

O presente trabalho, fruto de um projeto de pesquisa de iniciação científica vinculado ao Projeto Vozes do sertão em dados: história, povos e formação do português brasileiro, CE-DOHS – Corpus Eletrônico de Documentos Históricos do Sertão - UEFS, discute possibilidades de heranças da língua indígena Kiriri, Tronco Macro-Jê, sobre o léxico da língua Kiriri apresentado na gramática do Pe. Maniani (séc XVII/XVIII), a fim de promover um conhecimento mais amplo referente à língua ancestral do povo Kaimbé e heranças desse legado utilizadas no contexto atual. Assim, esta pesquisa analisa expressões supostamente originárias da família Kiriri, ainda faladas na comunidade indígena Massacará, no sertão da Bahia, e as compara com palavras relatadas na produção escrita da gramática do Jesuíta Pe. Mamiani, intitulada Arte de Grammatica da Lingua Brasilica da Naçam Karirí (1699). Com base, também, nos estudos de Serafim Leite (2000), Fernão Cardim (1997), Barbosa (2007), Pompa (2002), Aryon Rodrigues (1994), Mattos e Silva (1993) que trazem uma abordagem sobre os contatos entre jesuítas e indígenas no período da colonização brasileira, como também estudos sobre o Macro-Jê e a produção escrita referente à língua Kiriri. Nessa investida, fizemos um levantamento de palavras da família Kiriri usadas, fluentemente, nessa comunidade, revelando que o legado e o avivamento dessa língua indígena perpetuam entre falantes Kaimbé, do sertão baiano.
“Um carrossel girando seus cavalos enegrecidos”: memória e identidade na poesia de Ocean Vuong
Authors: Matos Dourado Raphael , Boaventura Moreira Idmar 
Published: April 2022

Resumo: Pretende-se, neste trabalho, de natureza bibliográfica, discutir os aspectos intrincados à memória, resvalando-se, de igual modo, à identidade, no primeiro livro, publicada no Brasil em 2019, do escritor vietno-americano Ocean Vuong. Destacar-se-á em Céu noturno crivado de balas, a partir de exploração teórica, esmerada por Michael Pollak, a importância da memória histórica e da memória coletiva, nas composições poéticas e de como elas permitem a formulação de uma identidade subjetiva; permitindo, ainda, a discussão de temas muitas vezes silenciados pela história oficial. Avulta-se, ainda, as discussões conceituais perpetradas por Beatriz Sarlo a despeito da memória da história e da memória chamada subjetiva, refletindo seu caráter ambivalente, na garantia de que a literatura pode ser um mecanismo em prol de novas formulações e espaços efetivos de memória. Tais reflexões, por alinhavo teórico de Michael Pollack (1989, 1992); Jacques Le Goff, em História e Memória (1990); e Beatriz Sarlo (2005, 2007).

Palavras-chave: Ocean Vuong. Memória. Identidade. Literatura.
Hollywood’s Viral Outbreaks and Pandemics: Horror, Fantasy, and the Political Entertainment of Film Genres
Authors: Moura Hudson 
Published: April 2022

Films revolving around big natural catastrophes, the end of the world, and global pandemics are viral in Hollywood. Some authors claim that 9/11 enticed the proliferation of disasters, zombies, and apocalyptical narratives. Will the coronavirus further increase these narrative tropes? A cinematic apocalypse takes many shapes, including zombie infestation, nuclear war devastation, and aliens’ attack. Watching films such as Twelve Monkeys (1995), Children of Men (2006), or Contagion (2011) during a real-life global pandemic creates a much different viewing experience than when these films were released. Certain films kill humans with a deadly virus and turn them into zombies emphasizing and pushing forward to a cinema of genre its entertainment features, such as I Am Legend (2007), Train to Busan (2016), or Blood Quantum (2020). However, they also use horror, science fiction, and fantasy genres to portray a realistic compelling family drama or discuss structural racism and systemic colonialism against America’s indigenous peoples. In all these films, scientific ambition, political greed, and economic power intermingle, becoming the unknown forces and real detractors behind these catastrophes. Whether or not the end of the world is an appropriate story for entertainment attracts most viewers to Hollywood cinema. Conventional postapocalyptic tropes create a film riddled with relevant political concerns. Every year, hundreds of films transpose to the screen compelling narratives related to pandemics and their effects. In Coronavirus’s times, I analyze and contextualize several of Hollywood’s viral outbreaks to situate their narratives to current political subjects and understand how disaster and pandemic films have become entertaining.

Keywords
Hollywood cinema, Film Genres, Pandemics, Coronavirus, Racism, Indigenous, Covid19, Politics, Film Aesthetic, Disaster Films.
Public Support for Feed-in-Tariff and Net Energy Metering Policies in Malaysia: The Role of Policy Information
Authors: Mohd Sobri Fatimah Azzahraa' , Ariffin Mariani , Sharaai Amir Hamzah , Radzi Mohd Amran 
Published: April 2022

Renewable energy (RE) policies have proven to be an effective tool for implementing RE. Despite various policies introduced, the RE deployment in Malaysia has been weak, especially individual RE uptake. Lack of policy support has been linked with inadequate policy awareness and information based on the knowledge deficit theory. This study investigates the support for the Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) and Net Energy Metering (NEM) policy of individual solar photovoltaic (PV) technology among landed residents in Malaysia and the effect of information provision on policy support. A Solomon-four-group design was employed to measure policy support and test the relationship between information provision and policy support using a set of Likert scale questionnaires and a poster of FiT and NEM policy prepared in layman's terms as an intervention. Results show that majority of the residents agree with the environmental mission of the policy, except for the reduction of fossil fuel usage. For the economic aspect, the residents prefer a fixed rate for RE produced and generally agreed that high electricity consumers should pay for the RE fund. However, residents were less enthusiastic about the percentage deducted from electricity bills and the 'high electricity consumer' baseline. There was a significant difference between items scores at pre and post-test when given the intervention, in line with the deficit theory. Therefore, policy information should be communicated strategically, focusing on thepolicy's social and economic components that have the greatest influence on Malaysians.