bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Earthquake Detection from The Seismic Temporary Network in The Opak Fault
Authors: Simanjuntak Andrean V H , Saragih Naikson Fandier , Anshori Muhajir , Sinambela Marzuki , Razi Ar , Muksin Umar , Simangunsong Afryanti V , Sihotang Noviana , Asnawi Yusran , Jaya Indra Kelana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microseismic observation is a mandatory tool for analysing and imaging the progress of source earthquake mechanism. The observation of low-quality signal is usually found because of false detection, transient signals by natural noise, or related to seismometer condition and some human activities. Therefore, we try to figure the microseismic phenomenon after major earthquake in the Jogjakarta fault that was generated by an active fault namely Opak Fault. We used the seismic data recording from the seismic project that was installed in 2006 cover the Jogjakarta region. We used one week data to see the potential detection and highlight the possible of positive or negative false detection. With total 16 stations, we got ~500 events in only one week recording. We used a various threshold with 110 to scan all the dataset and we obtained ~450 events with 50-100 events with possible of false positives. Meanwhile, the threshold of 112 has < 50 events that could be suitable with the waveforms. The example results of 120 thresholds figure a strong event that is located by highly resolution of stack coherent from some stations with precise of P and S phase fitting. This study present the first automatic earthquake locations that can provide more detail of seismic structure information in the Jogjakarta region.
Study of Evaluation of Kenanga Road Drainage Channels, Karang Anyar Region, Tarakan City
Authors: Handayani Rosmalia , Rahmad Muhammad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tarakan City is one of the developing areas in North Kalimantan Province. As an effort to increase development and economic development of Tarakan City. Jalan Kenanga Karang Anyar is a road segment in Tarakan City that is still experiencing inundation due to drainage channels that are unable to accommodate or drain excess surface water. The purpose of this study was to determine the capacity of the Kenanga Karang Anyar road drainage channel, Tarakan City. In this study, the calculation of maximum rainfall data is used, for the calculation of discharge and flow velocity using the Manning formula. Based on the calculation results, it is obtained that the design discharge is 7.436 m3/second with the dimensions of the design channel, the bottom width (B) = 1.68 m, the channel height (H) = 2.30 m with the water height (hair) = 1.45 m. For the existing channel, bottom width (B) = 0.63 m, channel height (H) = 0.45 m with water height (hair) = 0.45 m, when there is a flood, the existing channel is unable to accommodate the existing water discharge.
Utilization of village potential data to determine the sustainability status of village development in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hariyanti Fitri , Indasari Bekti 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rural areas are still relatively lagging behind urban areas in many aspects. To overcome the problem of underdevelopment is through village development. Village potential data in 2018 can be analyzed to know and determine the sustainability status of village development through a five-dimensional approach (economy, social, environment, institution, and technology). This analysis used the Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries (RAPFISH) approach to assess the sustainability level of village development. The Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) technique was conducted by this approach. The sensitivity analysis (leverage analysis) also needed out to decide variables that significantly influence sustainability. The results of the RAPFISH analysis showed that there were differences in the pattern of sustainability between regencies and cities, with the value of the sustainability index between regencies/cities between 47.50 to 64.14. Of the 12 regencies/cities, 2 regencies (Kuantan Singingi and Meranti Islands) are included in the same category, named less sustainable. The leverage analysis showed that 25 sensitive variables affect sustainability. To improve its sustainability, it is recommended for districts to manage sensitive variables of environmental dimensions while for cities it is necessary to increase the institutional dimension.
Characteristics of Nanochitosan from Soft Shell Crab Culture Waste in TarakanUsing The Ionic Gelation Method
Authors: Luthfiyana Novi , Bija Stephanie , Anwar Effionora , Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Nugraeni Christine Dyta , Nusaibah  , Mutmaina  
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Crab that is undergoing a molting process produces solid waste in the form of shells that can disturb the environment. One of the appropriate technologies that can be utilized in dealing with this waste is the manufacture of nanochitosan. The purpose of this study was to obtain nano-sized chitosan from soft shell crab culture waste by determining the quality of chitosan through analysis of water content, ash, nitrogen, Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The material used in this research is crab shells from soft shell crab culture waste. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the yield of chitosan produced was 4.67%. The quality of chitosan produced showed 8% water content, 1.5% ash and 4.83% nitrogen. In the FTIR spectra of nanochitosan powder, peaks appear which confirm the bond in chitosan, while in nanochitosan gel it is dominated by the absorption band of H-O which indicates the presence of water as a solvent. The value of the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan nanoparticles produced was 78.43%. The particle size of chitosan by ionic gelation method was 468.1±21.63 nm. The high speed of the magnetic stirrer is able to reduce the chitosan to a stable nano size and prevent agglomeration.
Fatty acid profiles and biological activity of Nannochloropsis oculata and Isochrysis galbana, clone t-ISO
Authors: Putra Y , Mustikasari I , Pangestuti R , Rahmadi P , Siahaan E A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and Tahiti clone Isochrysis galbana (t-ISO) were collected from the Mariculture laboratory, Research Centre for Oceanography, BRIN. Both samples were cultivated and harvested by using a centrifuge. The microalgae biomass obtained was analyzed to determine the fatty acids content. The samples were then extracted, followed by an evaporation process using a rotary evaporator. The microalgae extracts were then tested for its antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The results showed that the total fatty acid content of N. oculata (89.82%) was slightly higher than t-ISO (84.97%). The antioxidant activity test showed that t-ISO had slightly higher antioxidant activity than N. oculata (2.4 and 3.33 mg/mL, respectively). As for the results of the antibacterial activity test against the four test bacteria, N. oculata had a slightly lower inhibitory power than t-ISO
Study on stomach contents of sailfin silversides, Telmatherina sarasinorum Kottelat 1991, in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rasuna A F K , Kamal M M , Affandi R , Chadijah A , Sulistiono  
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The silverside sailfin, Telmatherina sarasinorum Kottelat 1991, is an endemic fish that lives in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stomach contents of T. sarasinorum. The study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019. Samples were collected using bag nets (with mesh size of 0.5 inches). The fish collected (N=2124 individuals) consisted of 1318 male fish and 806 female fish with a total body length ranging from 30.1 to 89.85 mm. Gastrointestinal contents were analyzed using Index of Preponderance (IP), niche breadth, and feeding overlap. The data was processed based on gender temporally and spatially. The results showed that the fish’s main diet was insects (IP 71.04% in males, 95.40% in females) and fish eggs (IP 26.04% in males, 3.71% in females). The value of niche breadth in males and females was low, ranging from 0.0005-0.2291 (male) and 0.0048-0.2295 (female) indicating that this species was a fish that specializes in utilizing food. There was a high competition for food between males and females which was indicated by a fairly large overlap value, which was 0.7767 temporally and 0.7725 spatially.
Storage Power Enhance Of Vaname Shrimp And Windu Using Garlic Extract at Room Temperature
Authors: Elsania Fransiska , Dachi Agnes Sanomasi , Sinuraya Harisma , Hartono  , Silalahi Marlinang , Manalu Putranto , Simanullang Andry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Shrimp is one of the fishery products with high protein content and when viewed biologically and chemically this shrimp is perishable and smells bad. The method used in this study was a Quasi-Experiment with 6 treatments and 3 replications at concentrations of garlic extract of 200 gs, 400 gs, 600 gs, 800 gs, 1000 gs, and 1200 gs. This study uses an organoleptic test to determine the decay of shrimp through the senses. The research sample was vaname and windu shrimps taken directly from fishermen and shrimp farmers in Bagan Percut Village, Deli Serdang Regency. Simple random sampling was used to determine the sample in this study. The data in this study were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the higher the concentration of the extract, the longer the shelf life of shrimp at room temperature.
Influence of volume medium on growth and ginsenoside level in adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng CA Meyer
Authors: Natalie Karina , Chandra S P , Christanti P , Hak K J , Yang D C , Sukweenadhi J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng, Family Araliaceae) is a traditional herbal plant that is pretty well known and has been widely used in various countries, such as Korea, China, and Japan. Ginseng contains ginsenoside secondary metabolites that have been shown to have therapeutic effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer. Ginseng production by traditional cultivation methods is long and produces inconsistent results. Therefore, in vitro culture is an alternative method to produce ginseng and ginsenoside consistently. In 2018, PT Bintang Todjoe collaborated with the University of Surabaya (UBAYA) and the Hanbang-Bio Inc. (holding company of Kyung Hee University) to establish the Kalbe Ubaya Hanbang-Bio Laboratory (KUH Lab). From previous studies, the dry weight achieved was only 109.758 g, which did not reach the target (120 grams). Therefore, the media was modified by adding media volume from 13L to 15L. The increase in media volume increased fresh weight to 2728.7 g, dry weight to 137.6 g, and yield up to 5%. However, this increase in media volume has not increased ginsenoside levels.
Identification of Diversity and Potential of Freshwater Fish Species in the Peatlands of Sembakung, North Kalimantan
Authors: Azis  , Ibrahim Jabarsyah , Iromo Heppi , Rachmawani Dory , Achyani Ratno 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sembakung River is one of the important river ecosystems in North Kalimantan. Based on the parent material, the soils along the Sembakung river basin consist of peat soil and mineral soil. With its unique characteristics, this river has quite high potential resources in public waters, especially fish and other aquatic biota. The purpose of this study was to identify and identify the diversity of freshwater fish species that exist in peatland areas. Found 11 types of fish along the Sembakung River. These fish species come from Familia Siluridae, Cyprinidae, Cannidae, Eleotridae, Pangasiidae, Bagridae and Helostomatidae. The highest relative abundance (Kr) was the Salap beruntus (Barbonymus gornionotus). The most common type of fish found (Fi) was white Lais fish, 58.3% Fi and the least common were Toman (Channa micropelte), black Betutu (Oxyeleotris selheimi) and Red Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata).
Coupled modeling of peatlands carbon cycle and carbon dioxide emission from their peat deposits
Authors: Zavalishin N N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
COmplex Model of BOg LAndscapes (COMBOLA) is a set of dynamic models of carbon and nitrogen turnover, net ecosystem exchange, water balance, heat and water transport, generation and transfer of CO2 and CH4 in a peat deposit on a number of time scales. Combined modeling of carbon turnover and carbon dioxide emission from peat deposits on an annual time scale is carried out as part of COMBOLA for several bog landscapes in Western-Siberian south taiga. One-dimensional vertical reaction-diffusion model for carbon dioxide emission from peat deposit is combined with compartment carbon cycle model allowing estimate both bog type vegetation changes and greenhouse gases balance under probable climate change or perturbations initiated by human activities. Water table level (WTL) separating aerobic peat layer from the anaerobic one is calculated by means of the whole peat layer depth and its water balance relations. Minimal statistical information is used for calibrating temperature dependencies together with coefficients of heat and water transfer equations. The stationary states of carbon cycle are accompanied by steady average profiles of carbon dioxide concentration and can loose stability under human or climatic perturbations. The model dynamics is simulated with several climatic projections of the IPSL atmospheric circulation model for 21st century with anthropogenic scenarios RCP-2.6 and RCP-8.5.
Development history and composition of peatland in the Numto natural park in Western Siberia, Russia
Authors: Moskovchenko D V , Afonin A S , Pozhitkov R Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A flat frost mound bog in the Numto Natural Park located in the northern taiga of Western Siberia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) was studied. Radiocarbon dating showed that the peatland formation began about 6658 cal years BP. Peat accumulation was slow due to the permafrost influence. The peat accumulation rate had the highest value of 0.3 mm/year between 5500 and 3400 cal years BP, then it sharply decreased to 0.1 mm/year due to climate cooling and remained at that level up to day. The change from cotton grass to sphagnum peat, which indicated transition to the oligotrophic stage of peatland development, was dated around 1800 cal years BP. The chemical composition of peat was characterized by the increase in Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Li, Ti and Mo concentrations with depth. The peak of Pb concentration in the upper horizon was likely to result from the former technogenic impact. Concentrations of microelements in the studied peat core were generally comparable to those in peatlands in the south-east of Western Siberia, except for the high concentration of Zn that was connected with the predominance of cotton grass in the major part of the studied core.
Peat and bog plants as indicators of aerosol pollution
Authors: Gashkova L P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper assesses the impact of aerosol pollution on the accumulation of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in plants and peat bogs. In pristine and contaminated areas, the following were compared: 1) the absolute content of elements in plants and peat; 2) the coefficients of biological absorption; 3) the enrichment factors reflecting the ratio of the concentration of elements in peat/bedrock. The most stable indicator reflecting the effect of pollution is the enrichment factor, the value of which is significantly lower in the pristine areas.
Effect of mechanical damage under repeated loading and abrasion on the tensile behaviour of a reinforcement geocomposite
Authors: Carneiro J R , Carvalho F , Almeida F , de Lurdes Lopes M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The installation process and the occurrence of abrasion may cause unwanted changes on the properties of the geosynthetics. When identified as relevant degradation agents for a given application, their effect has to be properly taken into account during the design phase in order to guarantee that the geosynthetics will perform correctly their functions over time. In this work, a reinforcement geocomposite (formed by a nonwoven polypropylene geotextile reinforced with polyethylene terephthalate filaments) was exposed to the isolated and combined effects of two degradation tests: mechanical damage under repeated loading and abrasion (the geocomposite was tested on both sides, which were structurally different). Damage assessment was performed by visual inspection and tensile tests. Based on the changes occurred in tensile strength, reduction factors were determined. The degradation tests provoked extensive damage on the geocomposite, having a negative impact on its tensile behaviour. Contrary to mechanical damage under repeated loading, the effect of abrasion on the geocomposite was influenced by the side that was tested. Finally, some differences were found between the reduction factors determined by the traditional method (multiplication of reduction factors obtained in isolation for each agent) for the combined effect of mechanical damage under repeated loading and abrasion and those resulting from the successive exposure to both degradation agents.
Design Method for Geogrid Stabilisation of Railway Ballast and Subballast
Authors: Rimoldi P , Pezzano P , Trovato F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Railways are often built on soft soils. Railways present peculiar characteristics in terms of loads applied to subgrade: a single train may produce hundreds wheels loads in few seconds, that is a train produces rapid, repeated and cyclic loads; loads are first distributed from rails to sleepers, then from sleepers to ballast, and finally from ballast to subgrade; loads are always applied to the same area. The effect of such loads on soft soils generates absolute and differential settlements, which may quickly degrade the quality of the railway segment. Reinforcing geogrids may be used for stabilizing the railway base, in such a way as to decrease settlements and to increase the railway lifetime. The paper aims to present a design method for geogrid stabilisation of railway ballast and subballast, taking into account the wheel loads, the number of passages, the railway geometry, the subgrade characteristics and the geogrid properties. The proposed design method can be considered as an extension of design methods for geogrid stabilisation of road bases and it is based on the same engineering principles.
Experimental study to evaluate soil water retention curve of HYPER clay geosynthetic clay liner
Authors: Khan M K , Camillis M D , Emidio G D , Bezuijen A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Geosynthetic clay liners are widely used as hydraulic barrier due to their low hydraulic conductivity but bentonite in the liners loses its effectiveness due to significant thermal fluxes by both diurnal and seasonal heating and cooling cycles. Modified sodium carboxy methyl cellulose-based bentonite clay (HYPER clay) has shown better hydraulic performance in both situations. A possible reason for this improved performance of HYPER clay based geosynthetic clay liner is the improvement in the suction under changing thermal conditions. Thus, the relationship between soil suction and moisture content, also called the soil water retention curve, needs to be estimated. Therefore, we investigated the soil-water retention curve of the HYPER clay based geosynthetic clay liner and compared it with the untreated clay based geosynthetic clay liner. The article presents the suction test results on wetting path conducted on geosynthetic clay liner prototypes containing HYPER and untreated clay assessed by the contact filter paper method and the relative humidity sensor. The results showed that the geosynthetic clay liner containing HYPER clay has a high volumetric water content and thus, high water retention compared to untreated bentonite at a given suction value. In other words, the HYPER clay can be considered as a potential alternative to conventional bentonite due to its improved water retention capacity.
Modified multiaxial tensile tests with geogrids in soil contact
Authors: Zanzinger H , Alexiew D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For geogrids with the function "stabilization", the (low) deformability is one of the essential parameters. As a punctual wheel load is usually involved, the products are subjected to multiaxial loads. Therefore, one-directional tensile strip tests are not sufficiently meaningful for this application. A modified burst test is more likely to generate a multiaxial tensile load to geogrids. The geogrid is clamped in a circular ring and loaded by a spherically inflating membrane. The geogrid deforms into a spherical segment. This "multiaxial" tensile force-elongation behaviour can be evaluated and compared.
The “multiaxial” test method has been further developed, while applying a gravel layer to the membrane (in a superstructure) and then tensioning the geogrid over it. This means that the geogrid is loaded by the ballast and no longer directly by the smooth membrane. Thus, any interaction effects between geogrid and gravel are also reflected, and the test approaches a so-called performance test. In principle, the evaluation is analogous to the test without gravel, but the measured values and diagrams reflect not only the ratio of load-deformation-stress, but also the interaction effects. Test setup, special features and evaluation are described and illustrated. The experiments and the results for three geogrids are presented and commented.
Basal reinforcement of embankment over voids and soil subsidence area – new standard XP G38065
Authors: Nancey A , Delmas P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The use of geosynthetic reinforcement to limit the consequences of a localized collapse of the ground under road and railway structure started in the 90s. The new French standard XP G 38065 for basal reinforcement establishes the rules for justifying works on potential cavity risk areas and will provide users with a tool adapted to this use. This paper shows the different steps of a design, considering the Eurocode approach with deformation and stress criteria, and the lateral displacement design model.
Embodied Artificial Intelligence: Enabling the Next Intelligence Revolution
Authors: Hughes Josie , Abdulali Arsen , Hashem Ryman , Iida Fumiya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There has been a long-standing debate about the extent to which the human mind controls the human body and vice-versa. Today this debate still powers a profound scientific desire to deepen our understanding of the nature of both humans' and animals' intelligent, adaptive behavior. In order to gain further insights into intelligence and explore how our brain and bodies develop through physical interactions with the world, Embodied Intelligence places the physical entity of the human body at the center of this subject. In the age of AI and Machine Learning, Embodied Intelligence research remains highly important as it can deliver valuable input which enhances the impact of conventional AI technology. Embodied Intelligence provides potential solutions for current AI technologies that are dependent on large amounts of data and reliable output whilst that output is reliant on uncertain, unstructured tasks and situations aligned closely to human users both as individuals and communities. In the following Chapter we discuss current trends and directions within this interdisciplinary community, and also the future challenges and opportunities.