bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posterior shoulder dislocation with associated reverse Hill–Sachs lesion: clinical outcome 10 years after joint-preserving surgery
Authors: Konrads Christian , Konrads Marie I. , Döbele Stefan , Histing Tina , Ziegler Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Posterior shoulder dislocation in association with reverse Hill–Sachs lesion is a rather rare injury. Few studies reporting results after joint-preserving surgery in these cases are available. This current study presents the clinical outcomes 10 years postoperatively.

Materials and methods
In a prospective case series, we operatively treated 12 consecutive patients (all males) after posterior shoulder dislocation with associated reverse Hill–Sachs lesion using joint-preserving techniques. Patients received surgery in a single center between January 2008 and December 2011. The joint-preserving surgical procedure was chosen depending on the defect size and bone quality. The following outcome-measures were analyzed: Constant-Score, DASH-Score, ROWE-Score, and SF-12. Results 1, 5, and 10 years postoperatively were compared.

Results
Out of 12 patients, ten patients (83.3%) were followed-up with a mean follow-up interval of 10.7 years (range 9.3–12.8). The mean patient age at the time of the last follow-up was 51 years (32–66). The outcome scores at the final follow-up were: Constant 92.5 (range 70.0–100), DASH 3.2 (0.0–10.8), ROWE 91.0 (85.0–100), and SF-12 87.8 (77.5–98.3). Clinical results had improved from 1 to 5 years postoperatively and showed a tendency for even further improvement after 10 years.

Conclusions
Joint-preserving surgical therapy of posterior shoulder dislocation provides excellent results when the morphology of the reverse Hill–Sachs lesion is respected in surgical decision-making.

Trial registration
223/2012BO2, 02 August 2010.
Forced Vital Capacity and Low Frequency Reactance Area Measurements Are Associated with Asthma Control and Exacerbations
Authors: Chan Rory , Lipworth Brian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Forced vital capacity (FVC) is often preserved in severe asthma unless there is evidence of either airway remodelling or air trapping. Area under the reactance curve (AX) can be used to assess small airways dysfunction related lung stiffness and is related to disease control in severe asthma.

Methods
We explore if there may be a potential synergistic interaction between FVC and AX in terms of impaired asthma control as ACQ and exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids (OCS). We pragmatically defined < 100% and ≥ 1.0 kPa/L/s as impaired FVC or AX, respectively.

Results
Patients with combined impairment of FVC and AX had significantly worse asthma control as higher ACQ, more severe exacerbations requiring OCS and worse spirometry (FEV1 and FEF25–75) than those with impaired FVC but preserved AX.

Conclusion
This in turn supports using both spirometry and oscillometry to characterise airway physiology more comprehensively in patients with more severe asthma.
Efficient Quantisation and Weak Covering of High Dimensional Cubes
Authors: Noonan Jack , Zhigljavsky Anatoly 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLet$${\mathbb {Z}}_n = \{Z_1, \ldots , Z_n\}$$Zn={Z1,…,Zn}be a design; that is, a collection ofnpoints$$Z_j \in [-1,1]^d$$Zj∈[-1,1]d. We study the quality of quantisation of$$[-1,1]^d$$[-1,1]dby the points of$${\mathbb {Z}}_n$$Znand the problem of quality of coverage of$$[-1,1]^d$$[-1,1]dby$${{{\mathcal {B}}}}_d({\mathbb {Z}}_n,r)$$Bd(Zn,r), the union of balls centred at$$Z_j \in {\mathbb {Z}}_n$$Zj∈Zn. We concentrate on the cases where the dimensiondis not small,$$d\ge 5$$d≥5, andnis not too large,$$n\le 2^d$$n≤2d. We define the design$${{\mathbb {D}}_{n,\delta }}$$Dn,δas a$$2^{d-1}$$2d-1design defined on vertices of the cube$$[-\delta ,\delta ]^d$$[-δ,δ]d,$$0\le \delta \le 1$$0≤δ≤1. For this design, we derive a closed-form expression for the quantisation error and very accurate approximations for the coverage area$${\text {vol}}{([-1,1]^d \cap {{{\mathcal {B}}}}_d({\mathbb {Z}}_n,r))}$$vol([-1,1]d∩Bd(Zn,r)). We provide results of a large-scale numerical investigation confirming the accuracy of the developed approximations and the efficiency of the designs $${{\mathbb {D}}_{n,\delta }}$$Dn,δ.
A comprehensive in vitro comparison of the biological and physicochemical properties of bioactive root canal sealers
Authors: Wuersching Sabina Noreen , Diegritz Christian , Hickel Reinhard , Huth Karin Christine , Kollmuss Maximilian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the biological and physicochemical features of bioactive root canal sealers.

Materials and methods
Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF) and human osteoblasts (hOB) were exposed to eluates of three bioactive root canal sealers, GuttaFlow® bioseal (GF), BioRoot™ RCS (BR), and TotalFill® BC Sealer (TF), and the epoxy resin–based sealer AH plus® (AH). Cytotoxicity and cellular inflammatory response were evaluated. The osteogenic potential was examined using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Film thickness, flowability, and pH were assessed. Root canal treatment was performed on human extracted teeth to evaluate the sealers’ tightness towards bacterial penetration. The antibacterial activity against common pathogens in primary root canal infections was tested.

Results
AH was severely cytotoxic to hPDLF and hOB (p < 0.001). The bioactive sealers were generally less cytotoxic. IL-6 levels in hPDLF were elevated in the presence of AH (p < 0.05). AH and GF suppressed IL-6 production in hOB (p < 0.05). AH and BR stimulated the PGE2 production in hPDLF and hOB (p < 0.05). BR was the only sealer that led to calcium deposits in hMSC (p < 0.05). TF and AH showed the lowest film thickness and the highest flowability. Bacterial tightness was best in teeth filled with AH and BR. All sealers showed similar antimicrobial activity, but the overall antimicrobial efficacy was moderate as the bacteria were reduced by just one log scale (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study revealed favorable in vitro results regarding the biocompatibility of the bioactive root canal sealers.

Clinical relevance
Bioactive root canal sealers may be a useful alternative to epoxy resin–based sealers.
Truthful ownership transfer with expert advice
Authors: Caragiannis Ioannis , Filos-Ratsikas Aris , Nath Swaprava , Voudouris Alexandros A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen a company undergoes a merger or transfers its ownership, the existing governing body has an opinion on which buyer should take over as the new owner. Similar situations occur while assigning the host of big sports tournaments, like the World Cup or the Olympics. In all these settings, the values of the external bidders are as important as the opinions of the internal experts. Motivated by such scenarios, we consider a social welfare maximizing approach to design and analyze truthful mechanisms inhybrid social choicesettings, where payments can be imposed to the bidders, but not to the experts. Since this problem is a combination of mechanism design with and without monetary transfers, classical solutions like VCG cannot be applied, making this a novel mechanism design problem. We consider the simple but fundamental scenario with one expert and two bidders, and provide tight approximation guarantees of the optimal social welfare. We distinguish between mechanisms that use ordinal and cardinal information, as well as between mechanisms that base their decisions on one of the two sides (either the bidders or the expert) or both. Our analysis shows that the cardinal setting is quite rich and admits several non-trivial randomized truthful mechanisms, and also allows for closer-to-optimal welfare guarantees.
Box–Behnken Design-Based Development and Validation of a Reverse-Phase HPLC Analytical Method for the Estimation of Paclitaxel in Cationic Liposomes
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Mullick Prashansha , Nandakumar Krishnadas , Mutalik Srinivas , Rao Chamallamudi Mallikarjuna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStability-indicating reverse-phase HPLC analytical method for the quantification of Paclitaxel (PTX) in the bulk and cationic liposomes was developed. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines by following a 2-level–4-factor interaction Box–Behnken design using Design-Expert® software. The responses measured at 228 nm were retention time (Rt), peak area, tailing factor (Tf10%), and the number of theoretical plates (NTP). PTX was eluted best using the Luna® C18 LC Column along with a mobile phase of methanol and 25 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6) 75:25 v/v mixture at 25 ± 2 °C temperature. The currently developed method was linear in the 2.5–100 µg/mL range with a detection limit of 0.062 µg/mL and a quantification limit of 0.188 µg/mL. The optimized method was utilized to evaluate the stability of PTX in different stress conditions by performing forced degradation studies. The results from the degradation study stipulated that on exposure to various stressors, namely acid, alkali, oxidative, thermal, and UV light, the PTX did not show considerable degradation except alkali exposure. Further, the method was successfully used for the quantification of PTX in cationic liposomes. The particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of the PTX-loaded liposomes were 219.25 ± 7.566 nm, 57.15 ± 12.374 mV, and 0.807 ± 0.1958 respectively. The percent of drug entrapped was quantified and was found to be 59 ± 1.414%.
Does the age of packed red blood cells, donor sex or sex mismatch affect the sublingual microcirculation in critically ill intensive care unit patients? A secondary interpretation of a retrospective analysis
Authors: Knobel Demian , Scheuzger Jonas , Buser Andreas , Hollinger Alexa , Gebhard Caroline E. , Achermann Rita , Zaiser Anna , Bovey Yann , Nuciforo Chiara , Netzer Julie Noëmie , Räber Aline , Singh Jasprit , Siegemund Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn vitro studies have thoroughly documented age-dependent impact of storage lesions in packed red blood cells (pRBC) on erythrocyte oxygen carrying capacity. While studies have examined the effect of pRBC age on patient outcome only few data exist on the microcirculation as their primary site of action. In this secondary analysis we examined the relationship between age of pRBC and changes of microcirculatory flow (MCF) in 54 patients based on data from the Basel Bedside assessment Microcirculation Transfusion Limit study (Ba2MiTraL) on effects of pRBC on sublingual MCF. Mean change from pre- to post-transfusion proportion of perfused vessels (∆PPV) was + 8.8% (IQR − 0.5 to 22.5), 5.5% (IQR 0.1 to 10.1), and + 4.7% (IQR − 2.1 to 6.5) after transfusion of fresh (≤ 14 days old), medium (15 to 34 days old), and old (≥ 35 days old) pRBC, respectively. Values for the microcirculatory flow index (MFI) were + 0.22 (IQR − 0.1 to 0.6), + 0.22 (IQR 0.0 to 0.3), and + 0.06 (IQR − 0.1 to 0.3) for the fresh, medium, and old pRBC age groups, respectively. Lower ∆PPV and transfusion of older blood correlated with a higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of patients upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) (p = 0.01). However, regression models showed no overall significant correlation between pRBC age and ∆PPV (p = 0.2). Donor or recipient sex had no influence. We detected no significant effect of pRBC on microcirculation. Patients with a higher SOFA score upon ICU admission might experience a negative effect on the ∆PPV after transfusion of older blood.
The application of fluorescein sodium for the resection of medulloblastoma
Authors: Chen Zheng-he , Zhang Xiang-heng , Lin Fu-hua , Li Chang , Jin Jie-tian , Zhou Zhi-huan , Zhu Si-han , Cheng Zhu-qing , Zhong Sheng , He Zhen-qiang , Duan Hao , Wen Xia , Wang Jian , Mou Yong-gao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Surgical resection of medulloblastoma (MB) remains a challenge. At present, a variety of tracers have been used for intraoperative tumor visualization. However, there are few reports on the intraoperative visualization of MB. Hence, we reported our experience of applying fluorescein sodium (FS) in MB surgery.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical information of patients with MB confirmed by surgery and pathology from January 2016 to December 2020 from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. A total of 62 patients were enrolled, of which 27 received intraoperative FS and 35 did not. The intraoperative dose of FS was 3 mg/kg.

Results
Among the 62 patients, 42 were males, and twenty were females. The age of onset in the FS group was 9.588 ± 7.322, which in the non-fluorescein sodium group was 13.469 ± 10.968, p = 0.198. We did not find significant differences in tumor location, tumor size, tumor resection, tumor histology, and preoperative symptoms (hydrocephalus, headache, vomit, balance disorder) between the groups. There was no significant difference in the postoperative symptoms (hydrocephalus, headache, vomiting, balance disorder, and cerebellar mutism). However, patients in the FS group had a relatively low incidence of balance disorder and cerebellar mutism. There was definite fluorescence of tumor in all cases of the FS group, and even the tiny metastatic lesion was visible. No case had side effects related to the use of FS.

Conclusions
FS is safe and effective in MB surgery. Whether the application of FS for surgery can reduce complications remains to be studied in the future.
Improving the remote estimation of soil organic carbon in complex ecosystems with Sentinel-2 and GIS using Gaussian processes regression
Authors: Ayala Izurieta Johanna Elizabeth , Jara Santillán Carlos Arturo , Márquez Carmen Omaira , García Víctor Julio , Rivera-Caicedo Juan Pablo , Van Wittenberghe Shari , Delegido Jesús , Verrelst Jochem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
The quantitative retrieval of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, particularly for soils with a large potential for carbon sequestration, is of global interest due to its link with the carbon cycle and the mitigation of climate change. However, complex ecosystems with good soil qualities for SOC storage are poorly studied.

Methods
The interrelation between SOC and various vegetation remote sensing drivers is understood to demonstrate the link between the carbon stored in the vegetation layer and SOC of the top soil layers. Based on the mapping of SOC in two horizons (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) we predict SOC with high accuracy in the complex and mountainous heterogeneous páramo system in Ecuador. A large SOC database (in weight % and in Mg/ha) of 493 and 494 SOC sampling data points from 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm soil profiles, respectively, were used to calibrate GPR models using Sentinel-2 and GIS predictors (i.e., Temperature, Elevation, Soil Taxonomy, Geological Unit, Slope Length and Steepness (LS Factor), Orientation and Precipitation).

Results
In the 0–30 cm soil profile, the models achieved a R2 of 0.85 (SOC%) and a R2 of 0.79 (SOC Mg/ha). In the 30–60 cm soil profile, models achieved a R2 of 0.86 (SOC%), and a R2 of 0.79 (SOC Mg/ha).

Conclusions
The used Sentinel-2 variables (FVC, CWC, LCC/Cab, band 5 (705 nm) and SeLI index) were able to improve the estimation accuracy between 3–21% compared to previous results of the same study area. CWC emerged as the most relevant biophysical variable for SOC prediction.
Education for Sustainability Meets Confucianism in Science Education
Authors: Li Baoyu , Sjöström Jesper , Ding Bangping , Eilks Ingo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConfucianism provides a specific view on the world held by many people living in several Asian societies. It offers views on humans and nature that generally differ from other traditional or Western modern views. The paper presents a systematic analysis of the literature in education with a focus on science education about the connection of Confucianism with education for sustainability. It suggests a framework for how education for sustainability can be operated in the foreground of Confucian societies taking concepts from the international literature into consideration. This critical review provides justification for a stronger reflection about how to include ideas from Confucianism into education for sustainability in the teaching and learning of science. It suggests that Confucian thinking offers a rich and authentic context for science learning in Confucian societies and and also provides a chance to reflect on views of humans, nature, and science in science education in other societies, potentially contributing to the development of more balanced and holistic worldviews.
Creating the Distribution Map of Groundwater for Drinking Uses Using Physio-Chemical Variables; Case Study: Al-Hilla City, Iraq
Authors: Chabuk Ali , Jahad Udai A. , Majdi Ali , Isam Mubeen , Al-Ansari Nadhir , SH. Majdi Hasan , Laue Jan , Abed Salwan Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Surface water and groundwater are significant for population and other activities due to the decreasing surface water flow toward Iraq. Therefore, there is a need to analyze groundwater’s quality and classification and its applicability as an alternative in various human activities in the study area. This study utilized the groundwater quality index model for drinking uses (GW.Q.I.) and entered the resulting values in the GIS environment. This model was applied to 56 wells in Al-Hillah city by measuring twelve variables in each well. The measured variables were calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate (NO3), and electric conductivity (EC). The prediction map of GW.Q.I. was produced in the GIS. Then, the distributing map was divided into six categories based on the suitability of groundwater for drinking uses. The areas’ values of six categories with their ratings were about 5 km2 (excellent), 122 km2 (good), 610 km2 (poor), 63 km2 (very poor), 36 km2 (contaminated), and 24 km2 (very contaminated). For the entire study area, the average value of the GW.Q.I. was 177, classified as poor for drinking uses.
Development of blend PEG-PES/NMP-DMF mixed matrix membrane for CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Mahenthiran Ashvin Viknesh , Jawad Zeinab Abbas , Chin Bridgid Lai Fui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe carbon dioxide (CO2) separation technology has become a focus recently, and a developed example is the membrane technology. It is an alternative form of enhanced gas separation performance above the Robeson upper bound line resulting in the idea of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). With attention given to membrane technologies, the MMMs were fabricated to have the most desirable gas separation performance. In this work, blend MMMs were synthesised by using two polymers, namely, poly(ether sulfone) (PES) and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG). These polymers were dissolved in blend N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents with the functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-F) fillers by using the mixing solution method. The embedding of the pristine MWCNTs and MWCNTs-F within the new synthesised MMM was then studied towards CO2/N2 separation. In addition, the optimisation of the loading of MWCNTs-F for blend MMM for CO2/N2 separation was also studied. The experimental results showed that the functionalised MWCNTs (MWCNTs-F) were a better choice at enhancing gas separation compared to the pristine MWCNTs (MWCNTs-P). Additionally, the effects of MWCNTs-F at loadings 0.01 to 0.05% were studied along with the polymer compositions for PES:PEG of 10:20, 20:20 and 30:10. Both these parameters of study affect the manner of gas separation performance in the blend MMMs. Overall, the best performing membrane showed a selectivity value of 1.01 + 0.05 for a blend MMM (MMM-0.03F) fabricated with 20 wt% of PES, 20 wt% of PEG and 0.03 wt% of MWCNTs-F. The MMM-0.03F was able to withstand a pressure of 2 bar, illustrating its mechanical strength and ability to be used in the post combustion carbon capture application industries where the flue gas pressure is at 1.01 bar.
Episodic Ataxia Type 1: Natural History and Effect on Quality of Life
Authors: Graves Tracey D. , Griggs Robert C. , Bundy Brian N. , Jen Joanna C. , Baloh Robert W. , Hanna Michael G. ,   the CINCH Investigators, Jen Joanna J. , Amato Anthony A. , Barohn Richard J. , Hahn Angelika F. , Hart Kimberly , Herr Barbara , Wang Yunxia , Salajegheh Mohammad , Puwanant Araya , Rajakalendran Sanjeev , Cha Yoon-Hee , Krischer Jeffrey , Herbelin Laura , Roe Kristen , Gomes Joseph , Ruhlig Holly , Patterson Bonnie , Cuthbertson David , Richesson Rachel , Lloyd Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpisodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is a rare autosomal potassium channelopathy, due to mutations in KCNA1. Patients have childhood onset of intermittent attacks of ataxia, dizziness or imbalance. In order to quantify the natural history of EA1, its effect on quality of life and in preparation for future clinical trials, we set up an international multi-centre study of EA1. We recruited thirty-three participants with EA1: twenty-three completed 1-year follow-up and eighteen completed 2-year follow-up. There was very little accumulation of disability or impairment over the course of the 2 years of the study. The outcome measures of ataxia (SARA and functional rating of ataxia) and the activities of daily living scale were largely stable over time. Self-reported health-related quality of life (SF-36) scores were lower across all domains than controls, in keeping with a chronic condition. Physical subdomain scores appeared to deteriorate over time, which seems to be driven by the female participants in the study. This is an interesting finding and warrants further study. Attacks of EA1 reported by participants in real time via an interactive voice response system showed that symptoms were not stereotyped; however, attack duration and frequency was stable between individuals. This large prospective study is the first ever completed in subjects with EA1. We document the natural history of the disorder over 2 years. These data will enable the development of outcome measures for clinical trials of treatment.
Improvement of drilling quality using precision directional drilling technology
Authors: Xu Yanpeng , Wang Liguo , Chen Xiangjun , Fan Yangyang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe problem of boreholes deflection in coal mines is common, especially in soft and hard composite coal seams. As a result, the distribution of boreholes is uneven and forms a blank zone in the drainage area, which fails to achieve the regional pre-draining, causing gas explosion or coal and gas outburst accidents. Aiming at the above problems, this paper developed the technology of anti-inclination for drilling based on the causes of borehole deflection in detail. The anti-inclination advice integrates straight keeping, slag removal and smooth back drilling with reasonable technical parameters. Full hole drilling was adopted to realize straight drilling. Three spiral grooving, vertical grooving and three-edge short-circuit were adopted for collaborative slag removal. Three alloy pieces were welded at the rear end of anti-inclination device to act as reverse drill bit, realizing smooth drilling withdrawal. For sticking problems, we improved the anti-inclination device. Three 20 mm millimeters wide vertical grooves were milled in each 120° direction around the device. After using the improved anti-inclination device, the average deviation of dip and azimuth was only 4.8 and 4.5 degrees, respectively, which were reduced by 51 and 44%. The borehole offset was reduced from 9.9 m to 2.9 m, a decrease of 71%, which improved the gas drainage effect and ensured the safe production of the mine.