bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact resistance of BIPV systems: New testing procedure for performance assessment of multifunctional products
Authors: Bonomo Pierluigi , Parolini Fabio , Corti Paolo , Frontini Francesco , Bellenda Giovanni , Caccivio Mauro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBuilding integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is progressively achieving an advanced level of technical maturity and considerable market penetration. In the last kilometre for considerable market implementation, major challenges are today mostly related to improving cost‐effectiveness and product reliability. BIPV multifunctional products are still framed in complex and sometimes unclear qualification processes, in the grey area between electrotechnical and construction sectors, impacting commercialization and users' confidence. The EN 50583 part 1 and part 2 standards today represent the main regulatory framework in Europe for BIPV. However, acts in force for product certification, in the construction and electrical sectors, in most national and local contexts are not yet harmonized for BIPV and imply wide margins of interpretation. The product's qualification in the EU is therefore based on electrical standards for photovoltaics modules or, on the other hand, on standards for construction products. To overcome some of these barriers and challenges, the authors propose a newly developed procedure for testing the impact resistance of BIPV products, introducing a performance‐based approach with the goal of combining building and electrical‐related limit states and responding to the need for a harmonized assessment to ensure the product's safety in use. The methodology and preliminary findings resulting from the application of real test cases, taking also into account the effect of temperature, are presented and analysed. As a result, it is envisaged that the implementation will help operators and prospective normative upgrades, ensuring more outstanding product quality for BIPV's market and driving towards a drop in life cycle costs.
Distinct genetic landscapes and their clinical implications in younger and older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Lee Wan‐Hsuan , Lin Chien‐Chin , Wang Yu‐Hung , Yao Chi‐Yuan , Kuo Yuan‐Yeh , Tseng Mei‐Hsuan , Peng Yen‐Ling , Hsu Cheng‐An , Sun Hsun‐I , Chuang Yi‐Kuang , Hsu Chia‐Lang , Tien Feng‐Ming , Tsai Cheng‐Hong , Chou Wen‐Chien , Hou Hsin‐An , Tien Hwei‐Fang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clinically and genetically diverse diseases that impose patients with an increased risk of leukemic transformation. While MDS is a disease of the elderly, the interplay between aging and molecular profiles is not fully understood, especially in the Asian population. Thus, we compared the genetic landscape between younger and older patients in a cohort of 698 patients with primary MDS to advance our understanding of the distinct pathogenesis and different survival impacts of gene mutations in MDS according to age. We found that the average mutation number was higher in the older patients than younger ones. The younger patients had more WT1 and CBL mutations, but less mutated ASXL1, DNMT3A, TET2, SF3B1, SRSF2, STAG2, and TP53 than the older patients. In multivariable survival analysis, RUNX1 mutations with higher variant allele frequency (VAF) and U2AF1 and TP53 mutations were independent poor prognostic indicators in the younger patients, whereas DNMT3A and IDH2 mutations with higher VAF and TP53 mutations conferred inferior outcomes in the older patients. In conclusion, we demonstrated the distinct genetic landscape between younger and older patients with MDS and suggested that mutations impact survival in an age‐depended manner.
Epstein‐Barr virus miR‐BART2‐5p and miR‐BART11‐5p regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration by targeting RB and p21 in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Meng‐He , Liu Wen , Zhang Xing , Zhang Yan , Luo Bing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) was the first tumor virus discovered in humans and can cause various types of tumors. Molecular classification suggests that EBV‐associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a unique subtype of gastric cancer.EBV was also the first virus found to encode its own microRNAs. However, the functions of many miRNAs remain unknown. This study investigated the roles and targets of miR‐BART2‐5p (BART2‐5p) and miR‐BART11‐5p (BART11‐5p) in EBVaGC. The expression of RB and p21 in EBVaGC and EBV negative GC (EBVnGC) cells was evaluated by western blotting. Expression of BART2‐5p and BART11‐5p in EBVaGC cells was evaluated by droplet digital PCR. The effects of BART2‐5p or BART11‐5p and their potential mechanisms were further investigated using cell counting kit‐8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, and transwell assay. BART2‐5p and BART11‐5p were abundantly expressed and RB and p21 were downregulated in EBVaGC cells. BART2‐5p regulates RB and p21 expression by directly targeting them. BART11‐5p regulates RB expression by directly targeting RB. Both BART2‐5p and BART11‐5p promoted proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, while inhibiting apoptosis and promoting S‐phase arrest of the cell cycle. Thus, BART2‐5p and BART11‐5p play important roles in promoting proliferation and migration, and inhibiting apoptosis in EBVaGC by targeting RB and p21, thus providing new potential therapeutic targets for EBVaGC.
Graphite and multilayer graphene detected on ~70,000‐year‐old stone tools: Geological origin or constituent of hafting resin?
Authors: Prinsloo Linda C. , Bordes Luc , Mauran Guilhem , Lombard Marlize , Wadley Lyn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRaman spectroscopy identified graphite and multilayer graphene on ~70,000‐year‐old stone tools from Middle Stone Age deposits at Sibudu Cave, KZN, South Africa. The graphite/multilayer graphene appeared to be concentrated on the hafting side of the artefacts, suggesting that it was added to the hafting glue. However, graphite/multilayer graphene was only identified on stone tools made of hornfels and not on those made of dolerite and quartzite. A geological origin is therefore not out of the question. In this paper, we present arguments for and against its origin as geological or as constituent of the hafting resin. Our results favour its geological origin and serve as a cautionary tale for interpreting residues on archaeological artefacts without an in‐depth study of the raw materials used to produce the tools.
Mechanically Strong and Tough Poly(urea‐urethane) Thermosets Capable of Being Degraded under Mild Condition
Authors: Yin Yanlong , Xu Yang , Zhang Xuhao , Duan Baorong , Xin Zhirong , Bao Chunyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of degradable polymeric materials such as degradable polyurethane or polyurea has been much highlighted for resource conservation and environmental protection. Herein, a facile strategy of constructing mechanically strong and tough poly(urea‐urethane) (PUU) thermosets that can be degraded under mild conditions by using triple boron‐urethane bonds (TBUB) as cross‐linkers is demonstrated. By tailoring the molecular weight of the soft segment of the prepolymers, the mechanical performance can be finely controlled. Based on the cross‐linking of TBUB units and hydrogen‐binding interactions between TBUB linkages, the as‐prepared PUU thermosets have excellent mechanical strength of ≈40.2 MPa and toughness of ≈304.9 MJ m−3. Typically, the PBUU900 strip can lift a barbell with 60 000 times its own weight, showing excellent load‐bearing capacity. Meanwhile, owing to the covalent cross‐linking of TBUB units, all the PUU thermosets show initial decomposition temperatures over 290 °C, which are comparable to those of the traditional thermosets. Moreover, the TBUB cross‐linked PUU thermosets can be easily degraded in a mild acid solution. The small pieces of the PBUU sample can be fully decomposed in 1 m HCl/THF solution for 3.5 h at room temperature.
Effect of Diets on Plasma and Aorta Lipidome: A Study in the apoE Knockout Mouse Model
Authors: Busnelli Marco , Manzini Stefano , Colombo Alice , Franchi Elsa , Lääperi Mitja , Laaksonen Reijo , Chiesa Giulia 
Published: November 2022

ScopeSpecific lipid molecules circulating in plasma at low concentrations have emerged as biomarkers of atherosclerotic risk. The aim of the present study is that of evaluating, in an athero‐prone mouse model, how different diets can affect plasma and aorta lipidome.Methods and resultsThirty‐six apoE knockout mice are divided in three groups and feed 12 weeks with diets differing for cholesterol and fatty acid content. Atherosclerosis is measured at the aortic sinus and aorta. Lipids are quantified in plasma and aorta with mass spectrometry. The cholesterol content of the diets is the main driver of lipid accumulation in plasma and aorta. The fatty acid composition of the diets affects plasma levels both of essential (linoleic acid) and nonessential (myristic and arachidonic acid) ones. Lipidomics show a comparable distribution, in plasma and aorta, of the main lipid components of oxidized LDL, including cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines. Interestingly, lactosylceramide, glucosyl/galactosylceramide, and individual ceramide species are found to accumulate in diseased aortic segments.ConclusionBoth the cholesterol and fatty acid content of the diets profoundly affect plasma lipidome. Aorta lipidome is likewise affected with the accumulation of specific lipids known as markers of atherosclerosis.
Rapid anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain using T2‐prepared 3D balanced steady‐state free precession
Authors: Park Jinho , Jang MinJung , Heier Linda , Limperopoulos Catherine , Zun Zungho 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo develop a new approach to 3D gradient echo‐based anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with a substantially shorter scan time than standard 3D fast spin echo (FSE) methods, while maintaining a high SNR.MethodsT2‐prepration was employed immediately prior to image acquisition of 3D balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) with a single trajectory of center‐out k‐space view ordering, which requires no magnetization recovery time between imaging segments during the scan. This approach was compared with 3D FSE, 2D single‐shot FSE, and product 3D bSSFP imaging in numerical simulations, plus phantom and in vivo experiments.ResultsT2‐prepared 3D bSSFP generated image contrast of gray matter, white matter, and CSF very similar to that of reference T2‐weighted imaging methods, without major image artifacts. Scan time of T2‐prepared 3D bSSFP was remarkably shorter compared to 3D FSE, whereas SNR was comparable to that of 3D FSE and higher than that of 2D single‐shot FSE. Specific absorption rate of T2‐prepared 3D bSSFP remained within the safety limit. Determining an optimal imaging flip angle of T2‐prepared 3D bSSFP was critical to minimizing blurring of images.ConclusionT2‐prepared 3D bSSFP offers an alternative method for anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with dramatically reduced scan time compared to standard 3D FSE and higher SNR than 2D single‐shot FSE.
Synchronization and stability in automotive transportation networks
Authors: Klug Florian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate synchronization and stability issues for the planning, operation, and control of processes in automotive transportation networks. We modeled transportation networks by using a coupled oscillator network based on a modified Kuramoto model. Each transport process was mapped as a phase oscillator indicating the transport time, period, and delay. The method could be applied to complex networks where it has not been possible to find analytical solutions. The novel generic oscillator approach was then applied to two transport topologies, namely, milk‐run and just‐in‐sequence transport, based on real‐world problems from a German car manufacturer. We conducted a detailed study of the parameter regions where different synchronization regimes occurred and investigated how the topology influenced the stability and dynamic behavior of transport networks. In particular, we focused on how transport period offsets and transport delays affected synchronous states. We showed that by the introduction of a transport synchronization matrix, the synchronization states in a transport network could be represented in a compact and comprehensive manner. Moreover, thresholds for round‐trip stability could be calculated by analyzing the phase decoupling of a milk‐run. These results were used for the vehicle route planning of milk‐runs with synchronization constraints. Furthermore, the influence of the time delay of a track and trace system on the transport synchronization was analyzed. Finally, for the subsequent investigation of a just‐in‐sequence transport network, we showed how an adaptive control mechanism could re‐synchronize an out‐of‐tune delivery process.
Deriving a robust deep‐learning model for subcortical brain segmentation by using a large‐scale database: Preprocessing, reproducibility, and accuracy of volume estimation
Authors: Weng Jenn‐Shiuan , Huang Teng‐Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreasing the accuracy and reproducibility of subcortical brain segmentation is advantageous in various related clinical applications. In this study, we derived a segmentation method based on a convolutional neural network (i.e., U‐Net) and a large‐scale database consisting of 7039 brain T1‐weighted MRI data samples. We evaluated the method by using experiments focused on three distinct topics, namely, the necessity of preprocessing steps, cross‐institutional and longitudinal reproducibility, and volumetric accuracy. The optimized model, MX_RW—where “MX” is a mix of RW and nonuniform intensity normalization data and “RW” is raw data with basic preprocessing—did not require time‐consuming preprocessing steps, such as nonuniform intensity normalization or image registration, for brain MRI before segmentation. Cross‐institutional testing revealed that MX_RW (Dice similarity coefficient: 0.809, coefficient of variation: 4.6%, and Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.979) exhibited a performance comparable with that of FreeSurfer (Dice similarity coefficient: 0.798, coefficient of variation: 5.6%, and Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.973). The computation time per dataset of MX_RW was generally less than 5 s (even when tested without graphics processing units), which was notably faster than FreeSurfer. Thus, for time‐restricted applications, MX_RW represents a competitive alternative to FreeSurfer.
Supplementations of industrial multichamber parenteral nutrition bags in critically ill children: Safety of the practice
Authors: Jandot Elise , Savelli Morane , Pinte Guillaume , Sutherland Adam , Quessada Thierry , Valla Frédéric V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundParenteral nutrition (PN) is sometimes required in critically ill children because of contraindication or intolerance to full enteral nutrition. European guidelines recommend favoring multichamber bag PN (MCB PN), when possible, for quality purposes and ease of use. The prescribers may adjust the MCB PN through supplementations to better fulfill patient needs. The objective of this study is to investigate the use and supplementations of MCB PN.MethodsThis observational, single‐center, retrospective study was conducted in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We collected prescriptions of MCB PNs and their supplementations added directly into PN bags. A descriptive analysis and a comparison of electrolyte supplementations with the manufacturer's recommendations were undertaken.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐five children (median age 39.2 months [7.0–118.8]) were included, 1449 MCB PNs were administered, and 1652 supplementations were carried out in 736 PN bags. Thirty‐two percent of supplementations were vitamins, 32.2% were trace elements, and 35.8% were electrolytes. Around 10% of electrolyte supplementations in PN bags were outside the manufacturer's recommendations. These nonconformities primarily concerned phosphate.ConclusionThis study showed the real‐world clinical use of MCB PN in the PICU. Proper attention should be paid to septic risks and physicochemical risks to ensure efficient practice and safety of MCB PN use.
A numerical study on fractional optimal control problems described by Caputo‐Fabrizio fractional integro‐differential equation
Authors: Dehestani Haniye , Ordokhani Yadollah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper provides a numerical technique for evaluating the approximate solution of fractional optimal control problems with the Caputo‐Fabrizio (CF) fractional integro‐differential equation. First, due to the Gegenbauer polynomials definition and CF‐fractional derivative, we present the modified operational matrix and complement vector of integration and CF‐fractional derivative. Then, the corresponding discretization of the problem is obtained with the help of the optimization method and the Legendre‐Gauss‐Lobatto (LGL) quadrature rule. The technique of obtaining the proposed matrices and LGL‐quadrature method leads to obtaining the approximate solution with high precision. Moreover, the error of the performance index obtained by the computational method is investigated. Finally, we implement the methodology in several examples. So that, the effect of various parameters defined in the method is illustrated in tables and plots.
Synthesis and characterization of thermoplastic poly(piperazine succinate) metallopolymers coordinated to ruthenium(III) or iron(III)
Authors: Schneider Jessica K. , Ove Clarissa A. , Pirlo Russell K. , Biffinger Justin C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetal‐containing polymers represent an ever‐expanding frontier of material science. Of the numerous biocompatible ligands used to create a metallopolymer, piperazine‐containing polymers are still in their early development, even though piperazine is a common functional group in drug design and bioengineering scaffolding elements. We report the first synthesis and characterization (with NMR, IR, GPC, UV–vis spectroscopy, and thermal analysis) of two thermoplastic poly(alkyl piperazine succinate) diols with either propyl or hexyl alkane chains bridging the piperazines. These polyester diols were then chain extended with hexamethylene diisocyanate to create highly amorphous polyester urethane thermoplastic polymers. Ru(III) or Fe(III) was then successfully coordinated with these polymers, with approximately 30% of the bulk metallopolymer product becoming 250x the molecular weight of the non‐metal containing polymers. However, coordination of Fe(III), and to a lesser extent Ru(III), to these polypiperazines accelerated the hydrolysis of the polyester linkage in water over 15 days. Thus, these novel polymers are highly biodegradable with Fe(III) metallopolymers hydrolyzing faster than Ru(III) metallopolymers and poly(propyl piperazine succinate) polymers hydrolyzing faster than poly(hexyl piperazine succinate) polymers.
Clinical utility of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate in treatment selection for metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Authors: Naito Yushi , Kato Masashi , Kawanishi Hideji , Yamamoto Akiyuki , Sakamoto Fumitoshi , Hirabayashi Hiroki , Kobayashi Masataka , Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Kimura Tohru , Araki Hidemori , Nishikimi Toshinori , Kondo Atsuya , Yoshino Yasushi , Hashimoto Yoshimasa , Nakano Yojiro , Tsuzuki Toyonori 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, the usefulness of androgen receptor axis‐targeted agents (ARATs) such as abiraterone, enzalutamide, and apalutamide for the upfront treatment of metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has been demonstrated. However, it remains unclear which patients would truly benefit from these treatments. Furthermore, intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC‐P) is a known poor prognostic factor in patients with prostate cancer. We investigated the association between the presence of IDC‐P and response to therapy in patients with mHSPC.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 318 patients with mHSPC who received treatment at Nagoya University and its 12 affiliated institutions between 2014 and 2021. Their biopsy specimens were evaluated for the presence of IDC‐P. The patients were classified according to their first‐line treatment into the ARAT (n = 100, receiving a combination of androgen‐deprivation therapy [ADT] and ARAT) or conventional therapy (n = 218, receiving ADT with or without standard antiandrogen agents) group. We compared the overall survival (OS) and second progression‐free survival (PFS2) between the ARAT and conventional groups according to the presence of IDC‐P to evaluate whether presence of IDC‐P predicts the response to each treatment. PFS2 was defined as the period from mHSPC diagnosis to disease progression on second‐line treatment or death. Propensity score matching with one‐to‐one nearest‐neighbor matching was used to minimize the potential effects of selection bias and confounding factors. The clinicopathological variables of the patients were well‐balanced after propensity score matching.ResultsMost patients in the ARAT (79%) and conventional therapy (71%) groups were ICD‐P positive. In the propensity score‐matched cohort, the OS and PFS2 of IDC‐P‐positive patients were significantly longer in the ARAT group than in the conventional group (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 0.36; p = 0.047; PFS2: HR, 0.30; p < 0.001). In contrast, no difference in OS and PFS2 was observed between the ARAT and conventional groups in IDC‐P‐negative patients (OS: HR, 1.09; p = 0.920; PFS2: HR, 0.40; p = 0.264).ConclusionsThe findings highlight a high prevalence of IDC‐P among patients with mHSPC and suggest that IDC‐P positivity may be a reliable indicator that ARAT should be implemented as first‐line treatment.
Identification and pharmacological characterization of the voltage‐gated potassium channel Shab in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
Authors: Huo Xiaoyi , Ma Haihao , Zhu Hang , Liu Jia , Zhou Yong , Zhou Xiaomao , Liu Zheming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundVoltage‐gated potassium channel Kv2 is the primarily delayed rectifier in insect nerves and muscles involved in several crucial biological processes, including action potential regulation, photoreceptor performance, and larval locomotor. It is a potential molecular target for developing a novel pesticide for mosquitos. However, there are few studies on the Kv2 channel in agricultural pests.ResultsThe only α‐subunit gene of the Kv2 channel in Plutella xylostella (L.), PxShab, was cloned, and its expression profile was analyzed. The relative expression level of PxShab was highest in the pupal stage of both sexes and male adults but lowest in female adults. Meanwhile, PxShab had the highest expression in the head in both larvae and adults. Then, PxShab was stably expressed in the HEK‐293 T cell line. Whole cell patch clamp recordings showed an outward current whose current–voltage relationship conformed to a typical delayed‐rectifier potassium channel. 20 μM quinidine could effectively inhibit the potassium current, while the channel was insensitive to 4‐AP even at 10 mM. Several potential compounds and botanical pesticides were assessed, and carvedilol (IC50 = 0.53 μM) and veratrine (IC50 = 2.22 μM) had a good inhibitory effect on the channel.ConclusionThis study revealed the pharmacological properties of PxShab and screened out several high potency inhibitors, which laid the foundation for further functional research of PxShab and provides new insight into designing novel insecticides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.