bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the intercycle variation of serum anti‐Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count measurements over four consecutive menstrual cycles
Authors: Wong Evelyn , Ng Ernest H. Y. , Li Raymond H. W. , Ko Jennifer K. Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the intercycle variation of serum anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) measurements over four consecutive menstrual cycles.DesignObservational study with secondary analysis using data from two previous randomized controlled trials.PatientsSeventy‐eight women from two previous randomized trials on the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone pretreatment on ovarian response in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.MeasurementsThe intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for AFC and AMH across the four study cycles, as well as their predictive performance on poor ovarian response, were compared.ResultsNo significant difference was observed in AMH (p = .608) across the four study cycles. AFC was significantly higher at 4 weeks before ovarian stimulation compared with 0, 8 and 12 weeks before ovarian stimulation (p < .05, Conover posthoc test). Both single‐measures and average‐measures ICC were significantly higher with AMH than with AFC. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the four AFC measurements in predicting poor ovarian response (defined as three or less oocytes retrieved) in the IVF cycle ranged from 0.657 to 0.743 with no significant difference (p > .05) among the four cycles, whereas those of the four AMH measurement ranged from 0.730 to 0.780 with no significant difference (p > .05) among the four cycles.ConclusionsAlthough both AFC and AMH are good predictors of ovarian response, intercycle repeatability was significantly better with serum AMH than AFC measurement. Both have no significant difference in their predictive performance on poor ovarian response when assessed within three months before IVF treatment, hence allowing pre‐IVF assessment at more flexible timing.
Research translation: A pathway for health inequity
Authors: Silberberg Mina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn a context of social inequity, research translation naturally furthers health inequity. As Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) explains—and an associated empirical literature illustrates—those with more resources benefit earlier and more from scientific innovation than those with fewer resources. Therefore, research translation of its own course creates and widens health disparities based on socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. Yet, the conversation about research translation has yet to center this critical reality, undermining our efforts to address heath inequity. Moving toward sustainable health equity requires that we build the evidence base for, prioritize, and institutionalize translation approaches that center the needs and assets of low‐resource populations (with community engagement helping toward that end). However, even the impact of that approach will be limited if we as a society do not mobilize knowledge to address social inequity and the many ways in which it shapes health. The health research community should engage the FCT paradigm to think critically about resource allocation among different kinds of research and action. Moreover, in our contributions to discussions about the road to health equity, we must be forthcoming about the reality FCT describes and the limitations it indicates for achieving health equity through translation of biomedical, clinical, health services, and health behavior research alone.
Too much information? The use of extraneous information to support decision‐making in emergency settings
Authors: Ben‐Assuli Ofir , Arazy Ofer , Kumar Nanda , Shabtai Itamar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDecision‐makers in emergency settings need to employ the breadth of evidence available so as to inform critical judgments, yet the acute time pressure suggests that in some cases only partial information could be employed. Investigating this tension, the current study focuses on the usefulness of extraneous information that arrives from outside the organization and supplements the information that is available through local information systems. Namely, we explore the extent to which the use of Health Information Exchanges (HIEs)—a network that integrates patients’ clinical information across medical organizations and points of care—facilitates diagnosis decisions in hospitals’ emergency departments (EDs). Adopting the lens of cognitive decision‐making theory, we advance hypotheses regarding the moderating effects of the tasks’ cognitive requirements (diagnosis complexity) and clinicians’ time availability (ED crowdedness) on the relation between the use of extraneous information (in the form of HIE data) and decision quality (ED revisit rate). Our empirical investigation employs complete field data collected from a network of hospitals, capturing over half‐a‐million patient ED encounters. The results reveal that, in general, ED clinicians’ use of the HIE improves decision quality, as reflected in reduced patient revisits to the ED. However, when diagnosis complexity is low, this effect is reversed, such that HIE use is associated with increased ED revisit rates. Our discussion highlights the conditions under which extraneous information contributes to better decision‐making and calls for a mindful use of interorganizational information exchanges in emergency settings.
Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus treatment on medium/long‐term outcomes after pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: García‐Patterson Apolonia , Balsells Montserrat , Solà Ivan , Gich Ignasi , Corcoy Rosa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimWe aimed to evaluate the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treatment on medium/long‐term outcomes both the mother and offspring.MethodsWe performed a systematic review on randomized clinical trials addressing specific treatment of women with GDM versus usual care and its impact on maternal and offspring outcomes at medium/long‐term. MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched from inception to 8 October 2021. Outcome variables: maternal (diabetes, metabolic syndrome, 12 secondary); offspring (diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, high body mass index, 15 secondary). Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane tool and aggregation performed with Revman 5.4.ResultsWe included five studies (1140 women, 767 offspring) with follow‐up ranging 4–16 years after delivery. GDM treatment likely does not reduce risk of maternal diabetes (RR 1.00; [95% CI 0.82–1.23]) and may not reduce that of metabolic syndrome (RR 0.93; [95% CI 0.71–1.22]). We obtained very uncertain evidence that treatment may increase maternal HDL‐cholesterol. Findings showed that GDM treatment may not have an impact on infants' outcomes (RRs 0.79; [95% CI 0.39–1.69] for impaired fasting glucose; RR 0.91; [95% CI 0.74–1.12] for body mass index >85th centile and 0.89; [95% CI 0.65–1.22] for body mass index >95th centile respectively).ConclusionsWith current evidence is uncertain if specific treatment of women with GDM has an impact on medium/long‐term metabolic outcomes either in the mother or in the offspring. These results add evidence to the recommendation of systematically reevaluating mother and offspring after delivery.RegistrationOSF, DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/KFN79
Mismatch between temperature and discharge disrupts spawning cues in a fluvial specialist, blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Authors: Acre Matthew R. , Grabowski Timothy B. , Leavitt Daniel J. , Smith Nathan G. , Pease Allison A. , Bean Preston T. , Geeslin Dakus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeasonal movements cued by environmental variables are a critical component of riverine fish life history. Life‐history events for species such as blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus are likely cued by discharge and temperature and may be disrupted if those life‐history events and environmental regimes are mismatched. However, this effect may be dependent upon the habitat occupied when environmental cues are received by individuals. We tracked telemetered blue sucker in the Colorado River, Texas, USA, from 2015 to 2017 and modelled the relative effects of discharge, temperature and habitat structure on seasonal movement patterns. Tagged fish varied in their propensity to move, although most returned to their original tagging locations. Decreasing temperatures and increasing discharge resulted in increased seasonal movements. Temperature and discharge had the largest effect on movement behaviour, but the magnitude of movements was largely dependent on the year. Temperatures between 12 and 19°C and discharges between 10 and 240 m3s−1 resulted in greater probabilities of spawning movements. Spawning was most probable in 2015 and reduced or halted in 2016 and 2017. Future climate scenarios suggest North America will experience increased drought, warmer temperatures and more variable weather patterns. These future scenarios could negatively impact blue sucker by disrupting environmental cues and habitat availability for seasonal life‐history events. Our results suggest temperature and discharge are critical cues for the species, but that their combined effect is largely dependent on the occupied habitat.
APOBEC3G protects the genome of human cultured cells and mice from radiation‐induced damage
Authors: Britan‐Rosich Yelena , Ma Jing , Kotler Eran , Hassan Faizan , Botvinnik Alexander , Smith Yoav , Moshel Ofra , Nasereddin Abed , Sharma Gunjan , Pikarsky Eli , Ross Susan , Kotler Moshe 
Published: November 2022

Cytosine deaminases AID/APOBEC proteins act as potent nucleic acid editors, playing important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. However, the mutagenic effects of some of these proteins compromise genomic integrity and may promote tumorigenesis. Here, we demonstrate that human APOBEC3G (A3G), in addition to its role in innate immunity, promotes repair of double‐strand breaks (DSBs) in vitro and in vivo. Transgenic mice expressing A3G successfully survived lethal irradiation, whereas wild‐type controls quickly succumbed to radiation syndrome. Mass spectrometric analyses identified the differential upregulation of a plethora of proteins involved in DSB repair pathways in A3G‐expressing cells early following irradiation to facilitate repair. Importantly, we find that A3G not only accelerates DSB repair but also promotes deamination‐dependent error‐free rejoining. These findings have two implications: (a) strategies aimed at inhibiting A3G may improve the efficacy of genotoxic therapies used to cure malignant tumours; and (b) enhancing A3G activity may reduce acute radiation syndrome in individuals exposed to ionizing radiation.
Effect of microstructure on fatigue crack growth behavior of surface‐ and middle‐layer materials of thick high‐strength bridge steel plates
Authors: Ke Lu , Li Youlin , Chen Zheng , Feng Zheng , Yan Banfu , Zhu Furui , Yuan Peng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effects of microstructure on the fatigue crack growth behavior of surface‐ and middle‐layer materials of high‐strength bridge steel (including steel Q370qE, Q420qE, and Q500qE) plates were investigated. The microstructures are captured via an optical microscope, and fracture morphologies are examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that for materials with different strength grades of steel plates at the same sampling locations, the higher the strength grade, the lower the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR). In addition, materials with smaller equivalent grain sizes or higher volume fractions of the second hard phase exhibit lower FCGR for the surface‐ and middle‐layer materials of the identical strength‐grade steel plate. The fatigue fracture morphological examination results show that typical fatigue striations along with secondary cracks are observed in the stable crack growth region of three high‐strength bridge steel plates. Moreover, fatigue steps are observed in steel Q500qE, which has the lowest FCGR, indicating that the fatigue steps contribute significantly to resisting the fatigue crack propagation.
Function of four tryptophan residues on Cel7A catalytic efficiency: Insight into cellulase screening strategy based on natural cellulose or cellulose analogs
Authors: Gao Le , Chen Qiuhui , Dong Haofan , Zhang Zhaokun , Bao Tongtong , Wang Lixian , Yang Fan , Wu Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is a high level of conservation of tryptophans within the active site architecture of the cellulase family, whereas the function of the four tryptophans in the catalytic domain of Cel7A is unclear. By mutating four tryptophan residues in the catalytic domain of Cel7A from Penicillium piceum (PpCel7A), the binding affinity between PpCel7A and p‐nitrophenol‐d‐cellobioside (pNPC) was reduced as determined by Michaelis–Menten constants, molecular dynamics simulations, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, PpCel7A variants showed a reduced level of cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activity against cellulose analogs or natural cellulose. Therefore, it could be concluded four tryptophan residues in Cel7A played a critical role in substrate binding. Mutagenesis results indicated that the W390 stacking interactions at the −2 site played an essential role in facilitating substrate distortion to the −1 site. As soon as the function was altered, the mutation would inevitably affect the catalytic activity against the natural substrate. Interestingly, no clear relationship was found between the CBH activity of PpCel7A variants against pNPC and Avicel. p‐Nitrophenol contains many electrophilic groups that may result in overestimation of the binding constant between tryptophan residues and pNPC in comparison with the natural substrate. Consequently, screening improved cellulase using cellulose analogs would divert attention from the target direction for lignocellulose biorefinery. Clarifying mechanism of catalytic diversity on the natural cellulose or cellulose analogs may give better insight into cellulase screening and selecting strategy.
Effect of in situ formation of Ti(C,N) on the properties of Al2O3–ZrO2–C slide plate material
Authors: Jiang Qingzhu , Han Bingqiang , Wei Jiawei , Chen Junfeng , Li Nan , Youqi Li , He Jian , Wang Huijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAl2O3–ZrO2–C slide plate was ordinarily used in sliding nozzle system because of its excellent mechanical properties and slag corrosion resistance. This study improved the slag corrosion resistance of the slide plate by the carbothermic reduction of TiO2 and aluminothermic reduction of TiO2 under high temperature in coke bed to generate Ti(C,N) phase in situ. The result revealed that TiC of the high melting point phase could enter into anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) of the low melting point phase, forming eutectic phase CaAl2Si2O8–TiC, and improve the viscosity of the slag. Furthermore, TiC and CaAl2Si2O8 captured FeO and MnO from the slag, resulting in the increase of the slag viscosity, inhibiting the penetration corrosion of the slag, and improving the slag corrosion resistance of the materials. In general, compared with the material without TiO2 powder, the slag corrosion resistance of the material introduced 2 wt.% TiO2 powder was increased by 24%. Meanwhile, the cold crushing strength of fired specimen at room temperature was increased by 35.6%.
Dense and strong calcite ceramics prepared by room‐temperature cold sintering based on high‐pressure‐enhanced solubility
Authors: Cao Meng , Hong Wen Bin , Yang Xiao Dong , Jia Ying Qiang , Li Lei , Wu Shu Ya , Yang Hang Sheng , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDense and strong calcite (CaCO3) ceramics were prepared by room‐temperature cold sintering with the aid of water and high pressure of up to 900 MPa. Under atmospheric pressure, calcite is barely soluble in water. However, the microstructure evolution and stress‐strain analysis during cold sintering revealed that the dissolution‐precipitation, plastic deformation, and pressure‐solution‐creep mechanisms played a crucial role in the densification and mechanical robustness of calcite ceramics, which was attributed to the significantly enhanced solubility of calcite in water under high pressure. The calcite ceramic cold sintered under 900 MPa from micron powder exhibited the highest relative density of 92.1% and best mechanical properties with compressive strength, flexural strength, hardness, and Young's modulus of 276.5 MPa, 52.5 MPa, 1.64 GPa, and 53.7 GPa, respectively. The as‐prepared calcite ceramic was stronger and harder than most stones and cement, indicating its promising application as novel building and biomimetic materials. The present study also provides a new strategy for densifying ceramics with low solubility by cold sintering.
Testing different sources of environmental unpredictability on adolescent functioning: ancestral cue versus statistical learning and the role of temperament
Authors: Li Zhi , Sturge‐Apple Melissa L. , Platts Cory R. , Davies Patrick T. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe dimensional model of environmental adversity highlighted the effects of an unpredictable environment in promoting risky development. Toward gaining greater specificity in understanding, this multimethod, longitudinal study investigated the role of two sources of environmental unpredictability—ancestral cues versus statistical learning, and their interaction with dove temperament conceptualized within the evolutionary model of temperament, in shaping adolescent functioning.MethodsParticipants were 192 families with an adolescent (Mage = 12.4) followed for two annual waves. We measured unpredictability within the ancestral‐cue approach as incidents of disruptive family events, and statistical‐learning unpredictability as the random variability in observed moment‐to‐moment maternal hostility during parent–child interaction. We focused on dove temperament, which characterizes strategies of cautious and inhibited behavior in novel contexts and persistence and intrinsic engagement in benign contexts.ResultsFindings indicated unique effects of ancestral‐cue versus statistical‐learning unpredictability—in interaction with dove temperament—in association with adolescent functioning. Ancestral‐cue unpredictability interacted with dove temperament in association with vagal stress reactivity, and the interactive effects of statistical‐learning unpredictability were only associated with set‐shifting. Furthermore, the family instability‐x‐dove temperament interaction was linked to adolescent adjustment via vagal reactivity. Adolescents with lower dove temperament showed dampened vagal reactivity within the more unpredictable environments, which was in turn associated with a greater decrease in social withdrawal over time.ConclusionsThe findings highlighted the specificity in different sources of environmental unpredictability in shaping adolescent development.
Cloning and expression of two anti‐lipopolysaccharide factors in Eriocheir hepuensis under Vibrio alginolyticus‐induced stress
Authors: Ren Tianjiao , Liu Jinxia , Liu Ke , Zhang Zining , Ma Zihang , Dan Solomon F. , Lan Zhenyu , Lu Min , Fang Huaiyi , Zhang Yan , Zhu Peng , Liao Yongyan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnti‐lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are small basic proteins that exhibit broad‐spectrum antiviral properties and antibacterial activity. In this research, we cloned and studied two Eriocheir hepuensis ALFs, EhALF2 and EhALF3. The results showed that the open reading frame lengths of EhALF2 and EhALF3 were 363 and 372 bp, encoding 120 and 123 amino acids, respectively. Their sequences both contained an Lipopolysaccharide‐binding (LPS) domain and were highly similarity to other crab ALFs. qRT–PCR showed that EhALF2 and EhALF3 were detected in nine examined tissues and were expressed the highest in the haemocytes. After challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus, in the hepatopancreas, the expression levels of EhALF2 and EhALF3 reached the highest levels at 48 and 3 h, respectively. In the heart, the expression levels of the two genes were highest at 12 h. These results indicate that EhALF2 and EhALF3 could participate in the resistance of E. hepuensis to V. alginolyticus stress within a short time. They have potential applications in the study of environmental stress markers and disease‐resistance factors in E. hepuensis.
Genome Editing and Relational Autonomy
Authors: Kalbian Aline 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTDeveloped in the past two decades, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) technique offers greater accessibility and efficiency in editing genes. Its immediate success has transformed medical research and treatment in productive ways, but has also left questions about ethical consequences in its wake. These are questions familiar to bioethical inquiry. How do we balance short‐term and long‐term benefits and risks? How do we promote just and equitable access to new medical interventions? How do we protect respect for individual autonomy? These questions require a balance between protecting individuals' liberties and the good of the communities in which they live. In this essay, I am interested in how the principle of respect for autonomy can be interpreted in light of CRISPR‐Cas9. I argue that a relational autonomy framework forges a middle ground between the need to respect individual freedom to pursue genetic treatments and the need to acknowledge the networks of dependence that define our moral worlds. I identify three thematic areas that relational autonomy brings into greater focus: the importance of trust, the acknowledgment of vulnerability/dependence, and the promotion of justice. Autonomy understood relationally allows us to see individual freedom as tethered to communal well‐being.
Complications and postoperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory use of three extracapsular cruciate ligament repair techniques performed in a general practice clinic environment
Authors: Franklin C. D. H. , House A. K. , Pfeiffer C. N. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo report complications and postoperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory use associated with fabellotibial suture, Tightrope and Ligafiba Isotoggle procedures performed on dogs of varying weights within a general practice setting.Materials and MethodsClinical records of eligible patients from 2009 to 2018 were retrospectively extracted from five general practice clinics. Data for signalment, patient weight, surgery performed, complications, postoperative use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and timing thereof were extracted and analysed using multinomial logistic regression. Predicted probability tables were generated for complications and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use.ResultsThe study included 370 surgeries, with 97 fabellotibial suture, 158 Tightrope and 42 Ligafiba Isotoggle procedures in patients less than 15 kg, and 43 fabellotibial suture, 16 Tightrope and 30 Ligafiba Isotoggle procedures in patients at least 15 kg. The proportion of patients that can be expected to have no complications was greatest for older dogs (9 years) weighing less than 15 kg (fabellotibial suture, 91%; Tightrope/Ligafiba Isotoggle, 88%), and the highest major medical and surgical complication risks were expected in young dogs (1 year) weighing over 15 kg (fabellotibial suture, 28%; Tightrope/Ligafiba Isotoggle, 59%). The predicted risk of requiring repeated non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug prescriptions in the 18‐month postoperative period for an 15 kg patient was 37% to 39%.ConclusionWeight and age were significant factors influencing complications and postoperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use in fabellotibial suture, Tightrope and Ligafiba Isotoggle surgical patients in a general practice setting.Clinical SignificanceClinicians should consider the possibility of complications and requirement for ongoing non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use before performing extracapsular procedures in patients weighing more than 15 kg.