bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(Invited) Computing the Anisotropic Chemical Strain in Non-Stoichiometric Oxides for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Li-Ion Battery Applications
Authors: Qi Yue , James Christine , Das Tridip , Nicholas Jason D. , Nation Leah , Sheldon Brian W. 
Published: February 2022

Accurate characterization of chemical strain is required to study a broad range of chemical-mechanical coupling phenomena. By combining density functional theory (DFT) calculations and elastic dipole tensor theory, it is readily to predict the long-range chemical strain tensor and the chemical expansion coefficient tensor induced by dilute point defects in a crystal structure.
First, we demonstrate that, even in cubic CeO2-δ, both the short-range deformation surrounding an oxygen vacancy and the long-range chemical strain (or the expansion coefficient) are anisotropic. The origin of this anisotropy is the charge disproportionation between the four cerium atoms surrounding each oxygen vacancy (two become Ce3+ and two become Ce4+) when a neutral oxygen vacancy is formed. While the short-range deformation agrees with experimentally determined Ce-O bond lengths, the predicted maximum and average chemical strains successfully bound the variety of CeO2-δ chemical strain behavior previously reported in the literature. Normally, since there are six possible disproportionation configurations, the average chemical strain is isotropic. Only under an external bias, such as an applied electric field, the chemical strain can be oriented to show the anisotropic effect. This successfully explained the giant electrostriction effect reported in doped and un-doped CeO2-δ.
Next, we show strains induced by coupled vacancies in layered Li-intercalation compounds for battery applications. Li2MnO3 was investigated as Li-excess intercalation compounds containing Li2MnO3 need to be “activated” to deliver the high capacity. This activation process during the first delithiation cycle at a high voltage is believed to introduce oxygen vacancies into the system. Due to the large amount Li vacancy generated, a large number of defect configurations were sampled and the average chemical strain induced by Li vacancy concentration is obtained by Boltzmann average. Previously, we have demonstrated that it is energetically favorable to create a Li-O-Li vacancy dumbbell structure (VLi - VO - VLi) in Li2MnO3. The chemical strain of the vacancy dumbbell structure is smaller than the sum of the chemical strain of one Vo and two VLis. The chemical expansion coefficient averaged for the polycrystalline samples and the experimentally measured stress change provided a novel method to in situ track the irreversible chemical changes in Li-excess cathode materials.
Mechanical Basis of Nafion’s High-Frequency Inductive Impedance
Authors: Goyal Priyamvada , Monroe Charles W 
Published: February 2022

Recent literature has highlighted how the coupling of electrochemical and mechanical phenomena can affect the way batteries and fuel cells perform [1, 2]. Local volume changes and stresses due to water transport play critical roles in the operation of polymer exchange membranes. A non-isobaric version of Newman’s concentrated-solution theory [3] was applied to study hydrated ionomers, in which mechanical effects intricately entangle the transport of material, momentum, and energy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provides a useful tool to study the most pronounced effects arising from this electrochemical/mechanical coupling in Nafion.
Nafion is relatively compressible, so changes in pressure affect the concentration of sulfonic acid; thus pressure gradients affect the voltage drop. Also, pressure diffusion can drive proton flux, directly coupling current with mechanical state. When AC signals are driven at low frequencies, these piezoelectric effects are minimal and the Warburg signature of water diffusion dominates the impedance. At higher frequencies, however, current oscillates too fast for the water concentration to respond. Pressure effects dominate the impedance. Strikingly, in this high-frequency regime the membrane can resonate, leading to divergent pressure impedances at a fundamental frequency and its harmonics. This resonance can be related to the speed of sound in the membrane. Above this speed, which is much higher than the characteristic diffusion speed, the signal is carried across the ionomer by elastic (mechanical) waves.
Inductive loops on the Nyquist plot, and corresponding peaks in the Bode plots, occur as a consequence of this electrochemical-mechanical coupling above the critical resonant frequency. Various mechanical characteristics can be associated with resistance (viscosity), capacitance (elastic modulus), and inductance (mass). A parametric study reveals how transport and mechanical properties affect the magnitudes and shapes of these impedance signatures. The model rationalizes the inductive responses seen experimentally in several recent high-quality Nyquist plots [4].
[1] A. Kusoglu and A.Z. Weber, Electrochemical/Mechanical Coupling in Ion-Conducting Soft Matter, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2015, 6(22), pp 4547-4552
[2] G. Bucci, Formulation of the Coupled Electrochemical-Mechanical Boundary-Value Problem, with Applications to Transport of Multiple Charged Species, Acta Mater., 2016, 104, pp 33-51
[3] P. Goyal and C.W. Monroe, New Foundations of Newman’s Theory for Solid Electrolytes: Thermodynamics and Transient Balances, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2017, 164(11), pp E3647-E3660
[4] B.P. Setzler and T.F. Fuller, A Physics-Based Impedance Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Exhibiting Low-Frequency Inductive Loops, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2015, 162(6), pp F519-F530
Efficacy of Adjuvant Tamsulosin for Improving the Stone-Free Rate after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Renal Stones: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maldonado-Valadez Rafael Edgardo , Valdez-Vargas Angel David , Alvarez José Antonio , Rodea-Montero Edel Rafael 
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is an effective treatment for urolithiasis. Tamsulosin is capable of causing dilation and facilitating the migration of stones. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant treatment with tamsulosin for improving the stone-free rate after a single session of ESWL in the treatment of kidney stones. Methods. This is a randomized, nonplacebo-controlled study with a sample of 60 adults with a single radiopaque kidney stone of 5–20 mm in diameter. After the ESWL session, the patients were divided into two groups. The control group received standard treatment for analgesia consisting of oral diclofenac (75 mg/12 h) as needed. The tamsulosin group received standard treatment for analgesia plus oral tamsulosin (0.4 mg/day) for eight weeks. In both groups, stone-free status was determined using a CT scan eight weeks after ESWL. The protocol of this study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04819828. Results. Only 57 patients completed the study (28 tamsulosin and 29 control). Overall, the average stone diameter was 11.42 ± 4.52 mm. The stone-free rate was 50.88% (29 of 57) overall, 53.57% (15 of 28) for the tamsulosin group, and 48.27% (14 of 29) for the control group (

p

= 0.680). The estimated relative risk in favor of the tamsulosin group to achieve a stone-free status was 1.11 (95% CI 0.67–1.9). The estimated number needed to treat to achieve a single patient with renal stone-free status after eight weeks of ESWL adjuvant treatment with tamsulosin was 19. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that tamsulosin as adjuvant treatment after a single ESWL session is well tolerated and safe, but it does not increase the stone-free rate in patients with a single radiopaque renal stone of 5–20 mm in diameter. Our results may support the use of tamsulosin with ESWL in the case of patients with a single radiopaque renal stone of 11–20 mm in diameter based on an apparent higher stone-free rate and a low rate of complications.
The Few yet Fabp4ulous Pancreatic Stellate Cells Give Rise to Protumoral CAFs
Authors: Cukierman Edna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Summary:
Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) pro– and anti–pancreatic cancer functional dichotomy has been at the center of numerous studies. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Helms and colleagues demonstrate that although pancreatic stellate cell–derived CAFs constitute a desmoplastic cell minority, these cells play a protumorigenic role via microenvironmental mechanomodulation.
See related article by Helms et al., p. 484.
Temporal Predictability Modulates Cortical Activity and Functional Connectivity in the Frontoparietal Network in 6-Month-Old Infants
Authors: Baek Sori , Jaffe-Dax Sagi , Bejjanki Vikranth R. , Emberson Lauren 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite the abundance of behavioral evidence showing the interaction between attention and prediction in infants, the neural underpinnings of this interaction are not yet well understood. The endogenous attentional function in adults have been largely localized to the frontoparietal network. However, resting-state and neuroanatomical investigations have found that this frontoparietal network exhibits a protracted developmental trajectory and involves weak and unmyelinated long-range connections early in infancy. Can this developmentally nascent network still be modulated by predictions? Here, we conducted the first investigation of infant frontoparietal network engagement as a function of the predictability of visual events. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, the hemodynamic response in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes was analyzed as infants watched videos of temporally predictable or unpredictable sequences. We replicated previous findings of cortical signal attenuation in the frontal and sensory cortices in response to predictable sequences and extended these findings to the parietal lobe. We also estimated background functional connectivity (i.e., by regressing out task-evoked responses) to reveal that frontoparietal functional connectivity was significantly greater during predictable sequences compared to unpredictable sequences, suggesting that this frontoparietal network may underlie how the infant brain communicates predictions. Taken together, our results illustrate that temporal predictability modulates the activation and connectivity of the frontoparietal network early in infancy, supporting the notion that this network may be functionally available early in life despite its protracted developmental trajectory.
Farming on the Front Lines
Authors: Krone Adrienne 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Jewish community farming movement began in 2004 with the founding of Adamah and it now comprises over twenty farming organizations bound together by a shared sense that the best way to face the climate crisis is by drawing on the well of Jewish tradition. These Jewish farmers put environmental ethics into practice as they face the realities of our time. The multispecies theorist Donna Haraway refers to this era as the Chthulucene, which she describes as “a kind of timeplace for learning to stay with the trouble of living and dying in response-ability on a damaged earth.” In this article, I draw on Haraway’s work and on my ethnographic fieldwork conducted at Jewish community farming organizations all over North America to describe the ways in which Jewish farmers are “staying with the trouble” in this era.
The Glasgow Climate Conference (COP26)
Authors: Lennan Mitchell , Morgera Elisa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
After over a decade of international efforts to include the ocean in the policy discussions at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) annual Conference of the Parties (COP), the ocean has finally been included by, inter alia, a reference to ‘ocean-based action’ in a series of COP outcomes, notable among which is the cover decisions known as the ‘Glasgow Climate Pact’. This article provides the necessary background to the inclusion of the ocean in COP26 outcomes, including the Pact, and examines key issues, impacts and shortfalls of the Pact and other COP26 outcomes, including mitigation, adaptation, finance and human rights. It concludes with suggestions for priority research areas moving forward.
Enhancing translocation and remobilization of zinc in wheat by the application of plant growth regulators
Authors: Mathpal Bhupendra , Srivastava Prakash Chnadra , Pachauri S.P. , Shukla A.K. , Pant Naveen Chandra , Shankhdhar Shailesh Chandra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on translocation and accumulation of zinc (Zn) in grains of four wheat varieties of varying Zn sensitivities. Different concentrations of two (gibberellic acid and cytokinin) PGRs viz., control, 10 ppm gibberellic acid (GA), 20 ppm gibberellic acid (GA), 10 ppm cytokinin (kinetin), 20 ppm cytokinin (kinetin), 10 ppm gibberellic acid (GA) + cytokinin (kinetin), 20 ppm gibberellic acid (GA) + cytokinin (kinetin) were applied under different Zn regimes (control), soil application of 5 mg Zn kg-1 soil and soil application of 5 mg Zn kg-1 soil + foliar applications of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O + 0.25% lime). Four contrasting wheat varieties i.e., UP262 & PBW175 (Zn inefficient), UP2628 & UP2554 (Zn efficient); were tested for enzyme activities, yield attributes and Zn content in various plant parts. Regarding influence of PGR levels, the maximum CA and SOD activities were recorded under 20 ppm GA and control respectively. The grain yield, straw yield and grain Zn content was found to be the maximum under 10 ppm GA+cytokinin, 20 ppm GA and 20 ppm cytokinin respectively. Among all the methods used, soil along with foliar spray (Zn S+F) was found to be the most effective in improving all the crop parameters. Among varieties, the efficient sets of varieties (UP2628 & UP2554) performed better than Zn inefficient varieties. The use of plant growth regulators along with efficient delivery method could enhance the transport and accumulation of Zn in grains of wheat.
Applying the Role Drama Approaches of die in Teaching English Famous Play: Taking “The Cop and the Anthem” in a High School as an Example
Authors: Chang Hsiao-hua , Jing Shan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The teaching of famous English play is generally either for the comprehension of texts or a stage performance in our schools. While considering about an integrated curriculum of Drama and English could enable students to have a deeper, broader, more complete, and interesting course in the learning process, we designed and implemented a curriculum of Role Drama approaches of Drama in Education (die) into the teaching of an English play “The Cop and the Anthem” for the class of students who study English as a second language in a high school.
From observing participant students and evaluating the 5-session teaching process in the class, we found that the effectiveness of the curriculum on Role Drama approaches of die not only lets students to have enjoyable English performing courses but also improves students’ capabilities in English expression and personal literacy.
Depending in this teaching experience, finally, we present our conclusions on the feasibilities of activities for improving teaching.
Life unites us: A novel approach to addressing opioid use disorder stigma
Authors: Bonnevie Erika , Kaynak Övgü , Whipple Christopher R. , Kensinger Weston S. , Stefanko Matthew , McKeon Courtney , Mendell Gary , Smyser Joe 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a critical health issue in the USA. Pennsylvania has the third highest number of drug overdose deaths per year, with the COVID-19 pandemic worsening these trends. Stigmatising beliefs towards OUD are associated with negative health outcomes, and there is a need for a larger evidence base on OUD stigma reduction strategies. This study reports on the creation and implementation of Life Unites Us, a digital media campaign which uses a collective impact framework to address OUD stigma reduction across Pennsylvania. Method: Life Unites Us consists of various components, including a general public media campaign which uses education and contact-based strategies; engagement with stakeholders and advocates in community-based organisations across the state; and a data sharing website to inform the public of previously unavailable OUD stigma statistics. Each campaign component contributes to the overall collective impact framework. Results: Digital metrics showed 755 followers across the Life Unites Us social media pages, and 2,826 total website users with an average of 565 users per month. The campaign has partnered with 60 community based organisations, 921 individuals receive the monthly email and 11 influencers have posted 23 times and achieved over 13,000 engagements and a reach of 661,000. The campaign hosted 5 webinars with 520 attendees and an overall 64.1% attendance rate. Conclusion: This study fills a gap in the need for evidence-based digital interventions to address OUD-related stigma. The positive process metrics from the first 6 months suggest that this model may be an important addition to research on approaches to reduce OUD stigma.
“To be Part of the Story”: The Literacy Practices of Gangsta Adolescents
Authors: Moje Elizabeth B. 
Published: February 2022

Despite a recent emphasis on conceptualizing literacy as a tool for changing thought and experience, when people—whether the popular media, school personnel, or educational scholars—speak of the literacy practices of marginalized adolescents, they rarely talk about such literacies as tools. Instead, the literacy practices of marginalized adolescents are often referred to in terms of deviance or resistance. Gang-connected youth, in particular, are routinely represented as engaging in acts of villainy or resistance, but are rarely represented as meaning makers, people who are expressing their beliefs, values, and interests. If literacy theorists want to claim that literacy is a tool for transforming thought and experience, however, then we need to extend that theoretical claim to all literacy practices by asking what unsanctioned literacy practices do for adolescents. Are these simply acts of resistance? Or do adolescent gang members, who are often placed outside the possibility of school success on the basis of physical characteristics and social affiliations, also use literacy as a way of exploring possible worlds, claiming space, and making their voices heard? This study uses data from three years of research with five gang-connected youth to illustrate how they used their literacy practices as meaning-making, expressive, and communicative tools. The data show how these youth used literacy practices “to be part of the story,” or to claim a space, construct an identity, and take a social position in their worlds. The paper concludes by arguing that literacy theorists, researchers, and practitioners need to acknowledge the power of unsanctioned literacy tools in the lives of marginalized youth and develop pedagogies that draw from, but also challenge and extend, these practices.
On Public Support for Religious Schools
Authors: Feinberg Walter 
Published: February 2022

I explore arguments about the fairness of the present arrangement barring public support for religious instruction in separate schools. I show that the arrangement is based on a consensus formed during the 1920s that established a strong conceptual separation between the notions of public and private, where religious schooling is relegated to the private sphere. I ask whether this conceptual separation forged in the 1920s is still viable. I explore different proposed reasons for altering this conception of the private-public divide when it comes to supporting religious schools, and show that there are reasons, both from the point of view of religion and from the point of view of the state, to be cautious about a radical change in the present configuration of support. One implication of this argument is that fairness is not a matter of public support for separate religious schools. Fairness depends on the quality of public education available for poor children. I conclude by suggesting that the terms for arguing the issue of public support for religious schools needs to be reoriented to take into account the future autonomy interests of the child.
A Democratic Art: Community Murals as Educator
Authors: Conrad David R. 
Published: February 2022

The community mural movement serves an important educational role by articulating, clarifying, and expanding community values. Through examining the community mural movement as democratic art and education, I argue that murals can be aesthetically challenging and ask profound questions at the same time. I explore the history of the modern mural movement and discuss murals that serve to educate artists and community alike. I show that community murals are expressive as well as didactic, that they stimulate community pride and commitment to justice while teaching outsiders about the struggles of traditionally oppressed people. Murals have immense capacity to expand multicultural understanding at a time when multiculturalism is central to the educational process. The community mural movement in the last thirty years has moved in a democratic direction by involving artists and neighborhood residents in collaborative public endeavors. I conclude that if the muralists and scholars examined in this article are taken seriously, it is difficult to deny that community murals are a democratic art form and that community murals have great educational potential.
Ruling Out Rules: The Evolution of Deregulation in State Education Policy
Authors: Fuhrman Susan H. , Elmore Richard F. 
Published: February 2022

In the late 1980s and mid-1990s, states began working to decrease the level of regulation of public education. Operating under the assumption that greater school autonomy is an important spur to school improvement, policymakers tried a variety of approaches to regulatory flexibility. This article examines the evolution of deregulation from limited waiver programs to charter programs and new performance-based accountability systems that include broad-scale deregulation. Early deregulation programs were so limited in design that they had very modest results, but policymakers are finding expanded efforts very difficult to achieve. Many of the same political forces and habits of practice that limited early efforts continue to pose barriers to deregulation. Underlying the barriers is a historic, continuing uncertainty about the state role and about how states should relate to districts of varying types.
Constructing an Image of a White Teacher
Authors: Mcintyre Alice 
Published: February 2022

This article explores how a small group of white middle– and upper–middle–class female student teachers constructed an image of what it means to be a “white” teacher. Through the use of qualitative participatory action research methods, the participants in this study critically reflected on their understandings of multicultural education and their positions as white student teachers involved in a teacher education program. The participants were invited to be researchers about their daily lives, to pose problems that arose from the complexities of their own racial identities, and to develop realistic solutions for dealing with racism in their classrooms. Through initial one-to-one interviews, and during eight two-hour group sessions, the participants were provided with opportunities to view themselves as “white”—an experience that was relatively new to them. It also provided them with a challenging and highly provocative way to view their roles as white teachers. The data presented in this article suggest that by white educators’ questioning and confronting their white identities and challenging the meaning of being “white” teachers, they can more effectively pursue teaching practices that significantly alter the way white students are educated about themselves and about multicultural education.