bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine europäische Arbeitslebensversicherung? Auf den Spuren des Revolutionärs Immanuel Kant
Authors: SCHMID GÜNTHER 
Published: July 2022

Die Arbeitsmarktpolitik auf europäischer Ebene hat durch die Krisen der letzten Jahre wiederholt neue Impulse erhalten. Mit den Initiativen für eine europäische Arbeitslosenrückversicherung, einen europäischen Mindestlohn, eine europäische Jugendgarantie und – vor Kurzem – Europäische Sozialanleihen ist die EU mittlerweile eine arbeitsmarktpolitische Akteurin geworden, welche die nationalen Aktivitäten ergänzt oder unterstützt. Die Covid-19-Krise könnte ein Gelegenheitsfenster sein, den Europäischen Sozialfonds um bestimmte Elemente einer Europäischen Arbeitslebensversicherung weiterzuentwickeln. Das Ziel sollte nicht nur darin bestehen, in europäischer Solidarität auf zyklische oder pandemische Krisen des Arbeitsmarkts zu reagieren, sondern auch die nationalen Kapazitäten zu stärken, um Einkommensrisiken im gesamten Erwerbsverlauf abzusichern. Die Innovation dieses Essays besteht darin, die Grundzüge einer Arbeitslebensversicherung auf die revolutionäre Trias „Freiheit, Gleichheit, Selbstständigkeit“ von Immanuel Kant zurückzuführen. Kants Konzept der „bürgerlichen Selbstständigkeit“ – anstelle der „Solidarität“ – erweist sich als überaus fruchtbar, um ein institutionell fundiertes Grundrecht auf würdige Arbeit zu begründen.
The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Onset and Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Čolak Emina , Žorić Lepša , Mirković Miloš , Mirković Jana , Dragojević Ilija , Mirić Dijana , Kisić Bojana , Nikolić Ljubinka 
Published: July 2022

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, degenerative and progressive chronic disease that leads to severe visual loss. The prevalence of early AMD accounts for 18% in the population between 65 and 74 years of age and even 30% in subjects older than 74 years. The articles published in the last decade point out to a significant role of oxidative stress in the onset and development of age-related macular degeneration. Generally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the eye during light absorption and physiological metabolic processes. The level of oxidative stress is kept under control by the action of antioxidants and reparative enzymes. Excessive synthesis of ROS leads to increased oxidative modification of lipids, proteins and DNA, causing oxidative damage of cytoplasmic and nuclear cell elements and changes of the extracellular matrix. The accumulation of oxidatively modified compounds in drusen deposits will initiate the onset and development of AMD. The objective of this review was to highlight the mechanisms of oxidative stress in order to elucidate their significance and association with the pathogenesis of AMD.
Role of Leptin in Obesity Management: Current and Herbal Treatment
Authors: T. Galatage Sunil , N. Gurav Sakshi , R. Moladi Mahadevi , R. Podjale Tejal , B. Tejam Nikita , S. Manjappa Arehalli , S. Kumbhar Popat , V. Nikade Supriya , S. Chopade Swapnil , A. Desai Sujit , N. Kalebere Shweta , G. Killedar Suresh 
Published: July 2022

Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat in the body associated with numerous complications such as development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, and respiratory disorders; and ultimately life-threatening cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, certain types of cancer and osteoarthritis. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 years and older were overweight. Of these, over 650 million adults were obese, that is over 39% of men and 40% of women were overweight. Rapid rise in obesity cases in both developed and developing countries and people suffering from it needs rapid and complete cure form it without any side effects. Herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of disease for more than 2000 years, and it has proven efficacy. Many studies have confirmed that herbal medicines are effective in the treatment of obesity. Various plants from different families and several phytochemical constituents are responsible for the anti-obesity activity such as fenugreek cinnamon, cardamom, ginger, etc. Present work mainly cover herbal species having leptin-stimulating potential for weight management, importance of leptin, its mechanism of action, current and herbal treatment for effective weight management.
Adaptace škály Sense of National Coherence
Authors: Šípová Ivana , Zubková Anna , Tušl Martin 
Published: July 2022

Cílem tohoto příspěvku je nahlédnout na Sense of Coherence v současných podmínkách pandemie Covid-19, jejíž zvládání je do určité míry národním tématem. Antonovského smysl pro koherenci (Sense of Coherence, SOC) je považován za jednu z hlavních koncepcí psychické odolnosti. Tento koncept sloužil jako inspirace pro vytvoření teorie národní koherence – Sense of National Coherence (SONC), kterou se rozumí způsob, jakým lidé nahlíží na svůj národ v kontextu srozumitelnosti, smysluplnosti a ovladatelnosti, což jsou tří dimenze konceptu Sense of Coherence. Původní verze dotazníku SONC byla vytvořená na izraelském vzorku, kde se vysoký SONC ukázal jako potenciální bariéra při smiřovaní palestinsko-izraelského konfliktu. Data byla sbíraná před a po válce v Gaze. Původní verzi z angličtiny jsme převedli do českého jazyka a administrovali v čase třetí vlny pandemie Covid-19 na vzorku 499 respondentů. Příspěvek na konferenci představí základní psychometrické charakteristiky dotazníku a srovnání s původní izraelskou verzí. SONC je sebeposuzovací nástroj, který se skládá z 8 položek a využívá sedmi bodovou Likertovou škálu, jejíž verbalizace je vždy přizpůsobená znění položky. Konfirmační faktorová analýza potvrdila jednodimenzionální strukturu modelu (α = 0.693, ω = 0.711). Průměrný skór SONC byl 3.6 (SD = 0.82). Korelační analýza poukazuje na statisticky významný vztah mezi hladinami SONC a rokem narození (r = -0.305, p < 0.01). Dotazník má v tuto chvíli využití především v komparativních studiích sledujících faktory duševního zdraví v kontextu pandemie Covid-19 v různých populacích.
Prevalence of HPV genotypes and assessment of their clinical relevance in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a northeastern state of Brazil—a retrospective study
Authors: Brito Charlles , Cossetti Rachel D. , de Souza Diego Agra , Catanha Marcos , de Matos Monteiro Pablo , Vidal Flavia Castello Branco 
Published: July 2022

Background
A high prevalence and incidence of head and neck tumors make Brazil the country with the third-highest number of cases of these malignant neoplasms. The main risk factors are smoking and alcohol consumption; however, cases related to the human papillomavirus (HPV) have tripled in number, demonstrating a changing disease profile. Studies have reported the prevalence of HPV in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) to vary between 8% and 83%. The role of HPV as an important causative factor in LSCC remains unclear.

Methods
This retrospective study included 82 patients with LSCC diagnosed between 2014 and 2019 at two oncology hospitals in São Luís, Brazil. Sociodemographic and clinical data, and the histopathologic characteristics of the tumors, were collected directly from medical records. Genetic material was extracted from paraffin-embedded samples using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and automated sequencing for HPV detection and genotyping. The results by social and clinicopathologic variables were then compared using the chi-squared test and multivariate analysis.

Results
Sociodemographic analysesdemonstrated that most patients were men (87.8%), brown-skinned (75.6%), and resident in the state capital (53.7%). They generally had a poor education status (53.7%), having only an elementary school education (completed/incomplete), and 51.2% were self-employed in occupations such as farming or fishing. Smoking and alcohol consumption habits were observed in approximately half the patients. With respect to clinical characteristics, 39% of patients exhibited T1/T2 staging, 51.2% had no distant metastasis, and 30.5% had lymph node invasion. HPV DNA was detected in half the samples (50%), with the high oncogenic type 16 being the most prevalent. There was no significant relationship observed between the economic, educational, occupational with the HPV LSCC in the presented data, although multivariate analysis demonstrated that HPV DNA was more likely to be present in T3–T4 tumors (p = 0.002).
Serum Levels of Some Nutritional, Hepatic and Renal Markers in Third Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Oyediran Oyewale Thomas , Oladiti Rashidat Abidemi , Joseph Gregory Uchechukwu , Iyanda Ayobola Abolape 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Nutritional status, before and during pregnancy, is a strong determinant of health outcomes in the mother and newborn, and can affect the foetal structure, physiology and metabolism. Maternal health, hepato-renal function, as well as calcium and magnesium levels during pregnancy are closely related, and have a great effect on the infant health outcome. The study was aimed at assessing serum levels of some nutritional parameters (total protein, albumin, calcium and magnesium), hepatic (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase) and renal (urea, creatinine) biomarkers and relate them with neonatal birth weight.
Methods/Participants: Forty pregnant women in the third trimester (29 weeks to term) attending antenatal clinics for the first time, at two maternity centres within Osogbo metropolis were recruited as test participants. Forty age-matched, non-pregnant women served as control. Serum obtained from 5 mL of blood was used for the analyses. Inductive Computerized Plasma Emission Spectrometry was used for elemental study. Standard photometric methods were used to assay hepatic and renal parameters. Some pregnancy outcomes were also determined. Data were analyzed using Student’s t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. P≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: It was revealed that at third trimester some nutritional parameters (total protein, albumin, iron, calcium) were significantly decreased while renal biomarkers and alkaline phosphatase showed significant increase compared with control. Low birth weight but no still birth was observed.
Conclusion: The significant decrease in levels of albumin and some nutritional parameters suggests inadequate nutrient intake of protein and minerals or confirms increased demand commonly linked with pregnancy; and may be a possible cause of low birth weight.
Effect of Foliar Application of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.)
Authors: Raj Sindam Sanjeev , Singh Devi , Deepanshu . 
Published: July 2022

The present investigation entitled “Effect of foliar application of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus T.)” was conducted at Horticulture Research farm, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Zaid season 2021 on watermelon with plant growth regulators viz., NAA (45,60ppm) GA3 (25,50 ppm) and Control (water spray). The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) consisting of 10 treatments with 3 replications. The results concluded that in variety TMWH-2786 with treatments T5(GA3@50ppm) performed superior in the following parameters viz., days to germination (6-7 days) survival percentage (99.5%), vine length (5.77 m), days to the appearance of the first pistillate flower in 50% of plants (44.7 days), days to first harvest (93.73 days), fruit size in longitudinal shape (28.6 cm), maximum fruit weight (2.26 kg), number of marketable fruits per plant (2.11 fruits), maximum yield per hectare (31.78 tons), fruit diameter (30 cm) and TSS (10.5 ͦ Brix) was recorded.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes Attenuate Myocardial Infarction Injury via miR‐24‐3p‐Promoted M2 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Zhu Feng , Chen Yihuan , Li Jingjing , Yang Ziying , Lin Yang , Jiang Boxuan , Shao Lianbo , Hu Shengshou , Shen Zhenya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSC‐Exos) have shown encouraging effects in regulating inflammation and attenuating myocardial injury. Macrophages are regulated dynamically in response to environmental cues. However, the underlying mechanisms by which UMSC‐Exos regulate macrophage polarization are still not well understood. Herein, it is aimed to explore the effects of UMSC‐Exos on macrophage polarization and their roles in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). These results show that UMSC‐Exos improve cardiac function by increasing M2 macrophage polarization and reducing excessive inflammation. RNA‐sequencing results identify Plcb3 as a key gene involved in UMSC‐Exo‐facilitated M2 macrophage polarization. Further bioinformatic analysis identifies exosomal miR‐24‐3p as a potential effector mediating Plcb3 downregulation in macrophages. Increasing miR‐24‐3p expression in macrophages effectively enhances M2 macrophage polarization by suppressing Plcb3 expression and NF‐κB pathway activation in the inflammatory environment. Furthermore, reducing miR‐24‐3p expression in UMSC‐Exos attenuates the effects of UMSC‐Exos on M2 macrophage polarization. This study demonstrates that the cardiac therapeutic effects of UMSC‐Exos are at least partially through promoting M2 macrophage polarization in an inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanistically, exosomal miR‐24‐3p is found to inhibit Plcb3 expression and NF‐κB pathway activation to promote M2 macrophage polarization.
Optimizing eRF1 to Enable the Genetic Encoding of Three Distinct Noncanonical Amino Acids in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Shi Ningning , Tong Le , Lin Haishuang , Zheng Zhetao , Zhang Haoran , Dong Liangzhen , Yang Yuelin , Shen Yuxuan , Xia Qing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSite‐specific incorporation of distinct noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins via genetic code expansion in mammalian cells represents a new avenue for protein engineering. Reassigning three TAGs with the same ncAA in mammalian cells has previously been achieved using translational machinery. However, simultaneous recoding of three nonsense codons with distinct ncAAs in mammalian cells remains a challenge due to low incorporation efficiencies. Here, three optimized aaRS/tRNA pairs (i.e., the E. coli‐derived tyrosyl (EcTyr)/tRNAUUA, E. coli‐derived leucyl (EcLeu)/tRNACUA, and Methanosarcina mazei pyrrolysyl (MmPyl)/tRNAUCA pairs) are screened for ncAA incorporation. Furthermore, introduced combinations of eukaryotic release factor 1 (eRF1) mutants (E55R, E55D, N129D, and Y125F) significantly improve the encoding efficiency of the three premature stop codons’ sites from 0.78% to 11.6%. Thus, site‐specific incorporation of three distinct ncAAs into a single protein is achieved in this study. This work markedly expands the potential for multiple site‐specific protein modifications within mammalian cells, thereby facilitating new in vivo applications.
Effective Passivation with Size‐Matched Alkyldiammonium Iodide for High‐Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Sanwan , Guan Xinyu , Xiao Wenshan , Chen Rui , Zhou Jing , Ren Fumeng , Wang Jianan , Chen Weitao , Li Sibo , Qiu Longbin , Zhao Yan , Liu Zonghao , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganic ammonium salts have been widely used for defect passivation to suppress nonradiative charge recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, they are prone to form undesirable in‐plane favored 2D perovskites with poor charge transport capability that hamper device performance. Herein, the defects passivation role of alkyldiammonium including 1.6‐hexamethylenediamine dihydriodide (HDAI2), 1,3‐propanediamine dihydriodide (PDAI2), and 1.4‐butanediamine dihydriodide (BDAI2) for formamidinium‐cesium perovskite is systematically investigated. With help of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, BDA with suitable size can synergistically passivate two defect sites on perovskite surfaces, showing the best defect passivation effect among the above three alkyldiammonium salts. Perovskite films based on BDAI2 modification are found to keep the 3D perovskite phase with considerably reduced trap‐state density, and enhanced carrier extraction. As a result, the BDAI2‐modified devices deliver impressive efficiencies of 23.1% and 20.9% for inverted PSCs on the rigid and flexible substrates, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding encapsulated rigid devices maintain 92% of the initial efficiency after operating under continuous 1‐sun illumination with the maximum power point tracking for 1000 h. Furthermore, the mechanical flexibility of the BDAI2‐modified flexible device is also improved due to the release of residual stress.
Cu7Te4 as an Anode Material and Zn Dendrite Inhibitor for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery
Authors: Li Wei , Ma Yongsong , Shi Hao , Jiang Kai , Wang Dihua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZn metal is a promising anode material for high‐energy‐density aqueous batteries, but it is plagued by dendrite, low stripping/plating efficiency, and inevitable depletion of active Zn. Herein, a low‐intercalation‐potential material, Cu7Te4, is reported as both an anode material and Zn dendrite inhibitor for aqueous Zn batteries. A low plateau of 0.2 V (vs Zn2+/Zn), high capacity of 216 mA h g–1, and superior cyclability over 4200 cycles can be realized by Cu7Te4 anode. Moreover, when Zn is modified with Cu7Te4 layer, a hybrid anode based on “intercalation–deposition” mechanism can be ingeniously developed, in which Zn2+ ions are sequentially inserted into Cu7Te4 and uniformly deposed on Zn at successive low potential. A battery built on such a mechanism sustains more than 1000 h and 1000 times in comparison to less than 100 h and 350 times of a bare Zn. Furthermore, an aqueous “rocking–chair” Cu7Te4//ZnI2 Zn‐ion full battery is further demonstrated, which can realize energy densities of 65.3 Wh kg–1 and 86% capacity retentions after 10 000 cycles. This research contributes to a stable anode material for aqueous Zn batteries and provides an effective strategy to address the Zn dendrite.
Semicrystalline Conjugated Polymers with Well‐Defined Active Sites for Nitrogen Fixation in a Seawater Electrolyte
Authors: Lai Feili , Huang Jiajia , Liao Xunfan , Zong Wei , Ge Lingfeng , Gan Feng , Fang Yuting , Miao Yue‐E , Hofkens Johan , Liu Tianxi , Dai Liming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFaradaic efficiency for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is often limited by low N2 solubility in the electrolyte, while a large number of intimate contacts between the electrolyte and solid catalyst can also inevitably sacrifice many active sites for the NRR. Here, it is reported that a “quasi‐gas–solid” interface formed in donor–acceptor‐based conjugated polymers (CPs) is beneficial to boosting the NRR process and at the same time suppressing the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Of particular interest, it is found that a semicrystalline CP catalyst, SC‐PBDT‐TT, exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of up to 60.5% with a maximum NH3 production rate of 16.8 µg h−1 mg−1 in a neutral‐buffered seawater electrolyte. Molecular dynamics and COMSOL Multiphysics simulations reveal the origin of the observed high NRR performance arising from the presence of desirable crystal regions to resist the penetration of H2O molecules, leading to the formation of a “quasi‐gas–solid” interface inside the catalyst for a favorable direct‐contact between the catalyst and N2 molecules. Furthermore, high‐throughput computations, based on density functional theory, reveal the actual real active site for N2 adsorption and reduction in SC‐PBDT‐TT. This work provides a new framework for optimizing NRR performance of metal‐free catalysts by controlling their crystallinities.
Magneto‐Ionics in Annealed W/CoFeB/HfO2 Thin Films
Authors: Pachat Rohit , Ourdani Djoudi , Syskaki Maria‐Andromachi , Lamperti Alessio , Roy Subhajit , Chen Song , Pietro Adriano Di , Largeau Ludovic , Juge Roméo , Massouras Maryam , Balan Cristina , van der Jagt Johannes Wilhelmus , Agnus Guillaume , Roussigné Yves , Gabor Mihai , Chérif Salim Mourad , Durin Gianfranco , Ono Shimpei , Langer Jürgen , Querlioz Damien , Ravelosona Dafiné , Belmeguenai Mohamed , Herrera Diez Liza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe magneto‐ionic modulation of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) and the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), in W/CoFeB/HfO2 stacks annealed at different temperatures and for varying annealing times, are presented in this work. A large modulation of PMA and DMI is observed in the systems annealed at 390 and 350 °C, whereas no response to voltage is observed in the as‐grown samples. A strong DMI is only observed in the samples annealed at 390 °C for 1 h, while PMA is present for all annealing times at temperatures of 390 and 350 °C. Magnetic properties including domain wall velocity improve drastically with increasing the annealing temperature and time, while the magneto‐ionic reversibility is increasingly compromised. The changes in PMA and DMI induced by the gate voltages in the samples annealed at 390 °C are permanent, while partial reversibility is only observed for the samples annealed at 350 °C for short times. This dependence of reversibility on post‐grown annealing has been associated to the influence of crystallization on ion mobility. These results show that a compromise between the enhancement of the magnetic properties and the magneto‐ionic performance could be needed in systems requiring annealing to develop PMA and DMI.
Rhodium(CAAC)‐Catalyzed Arene Hydrogenation of Benzo‐Fused N‐Heterocycles to Saturated Building Blocks with an all‐cis Configuration
Authors: Schiwek Christian H. , Stegbauer Simone , Pickl Thomas , Bach Thorsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSaturated carbo‐ and heterocyclic building blocks can be readily obtained by the hydrogenation of aromatic carbo‐ and heterocycles. Although a variety of methods have been established to accomplish this transformation for simple arenes, the hydrogenation of aromatic N‐heterocycles is less explored. We herein report a diastereoselective arene hydrogenation which was applied to an array of benzo‐fused N‐heterocycles. A total of 48 saturated heterocycles was obtained by hydrogenation in the presence of the rhodium complex Cy(CAAC)Rh(cod)Cl in yields of 72–98% with moderate to high diastereoselectivities exhibiting the hydrogen atoms in an all‐cis arrangement. The high tolerance towards functional groups enables the formation of valuable saturated products, which offer a starting point for further derivatization.magnified image
Interaction between Nickel Oxide and Support Promotes Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with C3H6
Authors: Diao Fan , Wang Chizhong , Qiu Lei , Yin Yimeng , Zhao Feilin , Chang Huazhen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSelective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with C3H6 (C3H6‐SCR) was investigated over NiO catalysts supported on different metal‐oxides. A NiAlOx mixed oxide phase was formed over NiO/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst, inducing an immediate interaction between NiOx and AlOx species. Such interaction resulted in a charge transfer from Ni to Al site and the formation of Ni species in high oxidation state. In comparison to other NiO‐loaded catalysts, NiO/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest NOx conversion at temperature higher than 450 °C, but a poor C3H6 oxidation activity due to the decreased nucleophilicity for surface oxygen species. By temperature‐programed NO oxidation, it is indicated that nitrate species were rapidly formed and stably maintained at high temperature over NiO/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst. In situ transient reactions further verified the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism for C3H6‐SCR, where both gaseous NO and C3H6 were adsorbed and activated on catalyst surface and reacted to generate N2. Due to the strong metal‐support interaction over NiO/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst, both nitrate and CxHyOz intermediates were well preserved to attain high C3H6‐SCR activity.