bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DFT+U study on the multipolar nematic state of nonmagnetic FeSe
Authors: Yamada Takemi , Tohyama Takami 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the electronic structure of FeSe in the normal and nematic states based on the DFT+U method in combination with the multipole analyses, and discuss their microscopic properties and origin. In the normal state, the topological change of the Fermi surface occurs before the nematic transition with increasing the on-site Coulomb interaction U. The resulting nematic ground state is a multipolar state having both hexadecapoles in the E-representation and multipoles in the B
2-representation on each Fe site, where the appearance of the E-type multipoles induces non-trivial spontaneous orbital hybridizations between dxy, dx2-y2

and dxz
/dyz
orbitals. Such the spontaneous orbital mixings due to E-type multipoles is inherent in the FeSe and related systems, and is expected to play an important role in the formation of the nematic states in other iron-based superconductors.
Charge and crystal field electronic states in CeRh2Si2 and Ba2IrO4
Authors: Radwanski R. J. , Nalecz D. M. , Ropka Z. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We point out the scientific importance of the increasing evidence for the existence of the discrete low-energy meV-energy states in compounds containing atoms with incomplete 4f, 5f, 3d shells and recently in iridates (5d shell). We point out that the realized charge state of the 3d/4f/5f/4d/5d atoms/ions in oxides is very close to the formal one obtained within the ionic model. In Ba2IrO4 the charge states are very close to Ba2+, Ir4+ and O2−. In CeRh2Si2, which is intermetallic and considered as a Kondo-lattice antiferromagnet, by detailed analysis of temperature dependence of the specific heat we have proved the realization of the trivalent charge state of practically all cerium ions. In the magnetic state, below TN
of 36 K, the Kramers doublet becomes split and there appears a spin gap growing to 6 meV at T = 0 K.
The correlation between magnetic interactions and lattice distortions in Pr and Eu substituted NdCrO3
Authors: Gupta Pragya , Pal D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study reveals the comparison of Nd0.9Pr0.1CrO3 and Nd0.9Eu0.1CrO3 samples where the A-site is doped by Pr3+ having the larger ionic radius (1.126 A°) corresponding to less chemical pressure and Eu3+ (1.066 A°) having the smaller ionic radius corresponding to enhanced chemical pressure exerted on the NdCrO3, with the help of X-ray diffraction, Raman spetroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and dc magnetization measurements. The different spin configuration Pr3+ (J = 4) and Eu3+ (J = 0) altering the strong coupling between Nd3+ (J = 9/2) and Cr3+ (S = 3/2) spins result in the variation of the optical band gap, fermi energy and exchange bias.
Electrical conductivity in helical and conical magnetic states
Authors: Okumura Shun , Morimoto Takahiro , Kato Yasuyuki , Motome Yukitoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We theoretically study the electrical conductivity in a one-dimensional helimagnet whose spin texture changes from helimagnetic to conical magnetic, and to forced ferromagnetic state while increasing the magnetic field along the helical axis. We find that the conductivity in the helimagnetic state at zero field depends on the electron filling and the coefficient of the spin-charge coupling. We also find that the conductivity in the conical magnetic state changes nonlinearly to the applied field, and the magnetoresistance becomes negative and positive depending on the model parameters.
Phase shift, ellipticity, angle, and topological number in skyrmion lattices
Authors: Shimizu Kotaro , Okumura Shun , Kato Yasuyuki , Motome Yukitoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We theoretically study skyrmion lattices realized in a Kondo lattice model on a triangular lattice, focusing on the phase, ellipticity, and angle of the constituent multiple-Q waves. Analyzing the numerical data obtained in the previous study [Ozawa R, Hayami S and Motome Y 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 147205], we extract these parameters for the two types of skyrmion lattices with the skyrmion number of 1 and 2. We show that the topological transition between the two skyrmion lattices driven by an external magnetic field is accompanied by significant modulations of all three parameters.
Machine learning for track reconstruction at the LHC
Authors: Gagnon L.-G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The planned upgrade of the LHC to its High-Luminosity counterpart (HL-LHC) circa 2027 will bring about a drastic increase in instantaneous luminosity, pileup, and trigger rates. Currently, most LHC experiments use Kalman filter based track reconstruction algorithms which exhibit outstanding physics performance but scale poorly with the amount of data produced per bunch crossing. Therefore, the high energy physics community is currently performing intensive R&D to commission new or improved algorithms for this crucial data reconstruction task. This article presents many approaches such as running existing Kalman filter algorithms on accelerated hardware and overhauling the current approaches with machine learning techniques. A new algorithm testbed for research in track reconstruction, ACTS, is also discussed.
Sea ice-free corridors for large swell to reach Antarctic ice shelves
Authors: Teder N J , Bennetts L G , Reid P A , Massom R A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sea ice can attenuate Southern Ocean swell before it reaches Antarctic ice shelves and imposes flexural stresses, which promote calving of outer ice-shelf margins and influence ice shelf stability. An algorithm is developed to identify sea ice-free corridors that connect the open Southern Ocean to Antarctic ice shelves from daily satellite sea ice concentration data between September 1979 and August 2019. Large swell in the corridors available to impact the ice shelves is extracted from spectral wave model hindcast data. For a selection of ice shelves around the Antarctic coastline, corridors are assessed in terms of duration and areal extent. The availability of large swell to impact certain ice shelves through the corridors is evaluated from spectral wave data for daily statistical properties and the number of large swell days per year. Results integrated over a large number of ice shelves are used to assess overall trends. Large variations are found between individual ice shelves for both corridors and available swell, with contrasting trends between the West and East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The findings indicate ice shelves likely to experience prolonged periods of appreciable outer margin flexure due to large swell action, such as the Fimbul, Shackleton and Ross Ice Shelves, which could exacerbate climate-driven weakening and decreasing buttressing capacity, with implications for sea-level rise.
The effects of climate change mitigation strategies on the energy system of Africa and its associated water footprint
Authors: Pappis Ioannis , Sridharan Vignesh , Howells Mark , Medarac Hrvoje , Kougias Ioannis , Sánchez Rocío González , Shivakumar Abhishek , Usher Will 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Africa’s economic and population growth prospects are likely to increase energy and water demands. This quantitative study shows that energy decarbonisation pathways reduce water withdrawals (WWs) and water consumption (WC) relative to the baseline scenario. However, the more aggressive decarbonisation pathway (1.5 °C) leads to higher overall WWs than the 2.0 °C scenario but lower WC levels by 2065. By 2065, investments in low-carbon energy infrastructure increase annual WWs from 1% (52 bcm) in the 2.0 °C to 2% (85 bcm) in the 1.5 °C scenarios of total renewable water resources in Africa compared to 3% (159 bcm) in the baseline scenario with lower final energy demands in the mitigation scenarios. WC decreases from 1.2 bcm in the 2.0 °C to 1 bcm in the 1.5 °C scenario, compared to 2.2 bcm in the baseline scenario by 2065, due to the lower water intensity of the low-carbon energy systems. To meet the 1.5 °C pathway, the energy sector requires a higher WW than the 2.0 °C scenario, both in total and per unit of final energy. Overall, these findings demonstrate the crucial role of integrated water-energy planning, and the need for joined-up carbon policy and water resources management for the continent to achieve climate-compatible growth.
Specifying geospatial data product characteristics for forest and fuel management applications
Authors: Meddens Arjan J H , Steen-Adams Michelle M , Hudak Andrew T , Mauro Francisco , Byassee Paige M , Strunk Jacob 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One of the greatest challenges for land managers is to maintain a multitude of ecosystem services while reducing hazards posed by wildfires, insect outbreaks, and other disturbances accelerating due to climate change. In response to limited available resources and improved technical abilities, natural resource managers are increasingly using geospatial data to plan and evaluate their management actions. Large amounts of public resources are invested in research and development to improve geospatial datasets, yet there is limited knowledge about the specific data types and data characteristics that clients (e.g. land managers) prefer. Our overall objective was to investigate what geospatial data characteristics are preferred by natural resource professionals to monitor and manage forests and fuels across large landscapes. We performed an online survey and collected supplemental data at a subsequent workshop during the 2020 Operational Lidar Inventory meeting to investigate preferred data use and data characteristics of data users of the Pacific Northwest. Our online survey was completed by 69 respondents represented by managers and natural resource professionals from tribal/state, federal, academic, and industry/consulting entities. We found that metrics related to species composition, total biomass/timber volume, and vegetation height were the most preferred attributes, yet preference differed slightly by employment type. From the workshop we found that metric preferences depend upon which management priorities are central to the management application. There was preference for data with Landsat pixel-level (30 m) spatial resolution, annual temporal resolution, and at regional spatial extents. To maintain viable ecosystem services in the long term, it is important to understand the metrics and their data characteristics that are most useful. We conclude that our study is a useful way to understand (a) how to improve the data utility for the users (clients) and (b) the development and investment needs for the data developers and funders.
Time-resolved reversible optical switching of the ultralow-loss phase change material Sb2Se3
Authors: Lawson Daniel , Hewak Daniel W , Muskens Otto L , Zeimpekis Ioannis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The antimony-based chalcogenide Sb2Se3 is a rapidly emerging material for photonic phase change applications owing to its ultra-low optical losses at telecommunication wavelengths in both crystalline and amorphous phases. Here, we investigate the dynamical response of these materials from nanoseconds to milliseconds under optical pumping conditions. We apply bichromatic pump-probe transient reflectance spectroscopy which is a widely used method to study the optical performance of optical phase change materials during phase transitions induced by direct pulsed optical switching. Amorphous regions of several hundreds of nanometers in diameter are induced by pulsed excitation of the material using a wavelength of 488 nm above the absorption edge, while the transient reflectance is probed using a continuous wave 980 nm laser, well below the absorption edge of the material. We find vitrification dynamics in the nanosecond range and observe crystallization on millisecond time scales. These results show a large five-orders of magnitude difference in time scales between crystallization and vitrification dynamics in this material. The insights provided in this work are fundamental for the optimisation of the material family and its employment in photonic applications.
Copper and nickel co-doping effects on the structural, optical and electrical properties of tungsten trioxide nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation technique
Authors: Lachore Wegene Lema , Hone Fekadu Gashaw , Andoshe Dinsefa Mensur , Tegegne Newayemedhin A , Mekonnen Mulualem Abebe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The pristine WO3 (tungsten trioxide) and Cu/Ni Co-doped WO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation synthesis methods with fixed wt.% of nickel, i.e., 5 wt.%, and different wt.% of copper, i.e., 2, 3, 5 wt.%. The structural, optical and electrical properties, as well as the surface morphology were investigated thoroughly by various characterization techniques. All the doped/co-doped and un-doped samples had an orthorhombic structure, according to the XRD measurements. The XRD results further confirmed that the average crystalline size ranged from 46 to 25 nm after the dopant concentration was introduced. Reflectance spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of the prepared nanomaterials and revealed that the optical band gap varied from 2.80 to 2.63 eV with dopant concentrations. The room temperature photoluminescence study showed that the emission peaks were observed in the visible region with slight peak shift towards short wavelength with dopant concentrations. The FTIR studies described the different mode of band related to a functional groups present in the materials and the stretching mode of O–W–W observed from 550 to 1050 cm−1. The I-V studies confirmed that the prepared samples had a good ohmic contact behavior and the resistivity decreased from 6.3 × 10−3Ω.cm to 0.63 × 10−3 Ω.cm with doping concentrations.
The Legendre-Hardy inequality on bounded domains
Authors: Byeon Jaeyoung , Jin Sangdon 
Published: March 2022

There have been numerous studies on Hardy’s inequality on a bounded domain, which holds for functions vanishing on the boundary. On the other hand, the classical Legendre differential equation defined in an interval can be regarded as a Neumann version of the Hardy inequality with subcritical weight functions. In this paper we study a Neumann version of the Hardy inequality on a bounded

C
2

C^2

-domain in

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

of the following form

∫
Ω

d

β

(
x
)

|

∇
u
(
x
)

|

2

d
x
≥
C
(
α
,
β
)

∫
Ω

|

u
(
x
)

|

2

d

α

(
x
)

d
x

with

∫
Ω

u
(
x
)

d

α

(
x
)

d
x
=
0
,

\begin{equation*} \int _\Omega d^{\beta }(x) |\nabla u(x) |^2 dx \ge C(\alpha ,\beta ) \int _\Omega \frac {|u(x)|^2}{d^{\alpha }(x)} dx \quad \text { with }\quad \int _\Omega \frac {u(x)}{d^{\alpha }(x)} dx=0, \end{equation*}

where

d
(
x
)

d(x)

is the distance from

x
∈
Ω

x \in \Omega

to the boundary

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

and

α
,
β
∈

R

\alpha ,\beta \in \mathbb {R}

. We classify all

(
α
,
β
)
∈

R

2

(\alpha ,\beta ) \in \mathbb {R}^2

for which

C
(
α
,
β
)
>
0

C(\alpha ,\beta ) > 0

. Then, we study whether an optimal constant

C
(
α
,
β
)

C(\alpha ,\beta )

is attained or not. Our study on

C
(
α
,
β
)

C(\alpha ,\beta )

for general

(
α
,
β
)
∈

R

2

(\alpha ,\beta ) \in \mathbb {R}^2

shows that the (classical) Hardy inequality can be regarded as a special case of the Neumann version.
Country Music and the Problem of Authenticity
Authors: Malone Evan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the small but growing literature on the philosophy of country music, the question of how we ought to understand the genre’s notion of authenticity has emerged as one of the central questions. Many country music scholars argue that authenticity claims track attributions of cultural standing or artistic self-expression. However, careful attention to the history of the genre reveals that these claims are simply factually wrong. On the basis of this, we have grounds for dismissing these attributions. Here, I argue for an alternative model of authenticity in which we take claims about the relative authenticity of country music to be evidence of ‘country’ being a dual-character concept in the same way that it has been suggested of punk rock and hip-hop. Authentic country music is country music that embodies the core value commitments of the genre. These values form the basis of country artists’ and audiences’ practical identities. Part of country music’s aesthetic practice is that audiences reconnect with, reify, and revise this common practical identity through identification with artists and works that manifest these values. We should then think of authenticity discourse within country music as a kind of game within the genre’s practice of shaping and maintaining this practical identity.
Inspiratory muscle training in addition to whole body vibration for functional and physical outcomes in pre-frail older women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Souza Helga Cecília Muniz , Pessoa Maíra Florentino , dos Santos Clemente Rafaela , da Silva Alanna Vasconcelos , de Andrade Erika Alves Marinho , Neves Patrícia Areias Feitosa , Fernandes Juliana , Dornelas de Andrade Arméle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
to investigate the efficacy of addition of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) to the whole body vibration (WBV) on functional outcomes, physical performance, muscle strength and metabolism in pre-frail older women.

Methods
this study was a randomized double-blind trial. Forty-two older women aged 60–80 years who meet the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty criteria for pre-frailty were randomly allocated to IMT + WBV, IMTsham + WBV or Sham groups. IMT + WBV group received 12 weeks of both trainings, whereas IMTsham + WVB received 12 weeks of WBV alone. Sham group received 12 weeks of IMT with a low fixed load and were positioned at the vibratory platform without therapeutic effect. Participants were evaluated before and after the intervention for the following outcomes: 6-min walk test distance (6MWD), balance using Tinetti test, functional mobility using timed up and go test (TUG), handgrip strength (HGS) and peripheral muscle metabolism (glucose and lactate levels).

Results
after the training, both groups IMT + WBV and IMTsham + WBV improved 6MWD [mean percentage changes = 20.31 (SD = 14.62) and 13.02 (SD = 12.14), respectively] compared with Sham [0.27 (SD = 6.51)], P &lt;0.01. There was also a significant decrease of mean percentage changes on time of the TUG for IMT + WBV [−21.87 (SD = 7.87)] and IMTsham + WBV [−11.15 (SD = 13.64)] compared with Sham [−4.25 (SD = 13.25)], P &lt;0.01. IMT + WBV group improved balance when compared with IMTsham + WBV and Sham groups (P &lt;0.05 and &lt; 0.01, respectively). HGS and levels of lactate and glucose were similar between groups.

Conclusions
the addition of IMT to the WBV was effective to improve functionality, balance and physical performance in pre-frail older women.
What Makes an Ideal Partner? African Libraries and Neoliberal Discourses in International Development
Authors: Lynch Renee , Young Jason C , Jowaisas Chris , Boakye-Achampong Stanley , Sam Joel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study investigates ‘partnership’ as a key discursive tool for extending neoliberalism in the field of international development. As a case study, it examines the language-in-use among development organizations when discussing public libraries as potential partners in Africa. Critical discourse analysis of 20 interviews with development practitioners via Fairclough’s three-part framework and keyword analysis illuminates how libraries are discursively constructed as partners. Findings reveal discourses centered around competition, visibility, and growth which uphold market logic and responsibilize potential partners, reproducing colonial power imbalances between Global North and South. As other institutions such as universities and NGOs grapple with similar dynamics, we must be attendant to the power asymmetries that are obscured by discourses of partnership in order to navigate the tension between increasing access to funding and advancing economic justice. We suggest measures for organizations to resist neoliberalism through self-conscious effort and investment toward more equitable partnerships.
Intelligible Beauty
Authors: Shelley James 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Arthur Danto argued from the premiss that artworks are essentially cognitive to the conclusion that they are incidentally aesthetic. I wonder why Danto, and the very many of us he persuaded, came to believe that the cognitive and the aesthetic oppose one another. I argue, contrary to Danto’s historical claims, that the cognitive and the aesthetic did not come into opposition until the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, and that they were brought into opposition for reasons of art-critical expediency rather than philosophical necessity. I conclude that a robustly cognitive notion of the aesthetic remains an option for us.
OMAMO: orthology-based alternative model organism selection
Authors: Nicheperovich Alina , Altenhoff Adrian M , Dessimoz Christophe , Majidian Sina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Summary
The conservation of pathways and genes across species has allowed scientists to use non-human model organisms to gain a deeper understanding of human biology. However, the use of traditional model systems such as mice, rats and zebrafish is costly, time-consuming and increasingly raises ethical concerns, which highlights the need to search for less complex model organisms. Existing tools only focus on the few well-studied model systems, most of which are complex animals. To address these issues, we have developed Orthologous Matrix and Alternative Model Organism (OMAMO), a software and a web service that provides the user with the best non-complex organism for research into a biological process of interest based on orthologous relationships between human and the species. The outputs provided by OMAMO were supported by a systematic literature review.

Availability and implementation
https://omabrowser.org/omamo/, https://github.com/DessimozLab/omamo.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Modeling functional difference between gyri and sulci within intrinsic connectivity networks
Authors: Wang Qiyu , Zhao Shijie , He Zhibin , Zhang Shu , Jiang Xi , Zhang Tuo , Liu Tianming , Liu Cirong , Han Junwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently, the functional roles of the human cortical folding patterns have attracted increasing interest in the neuroimaging community. However, most existing studies have focused on the gyro-sulcal functional relationship on a whole-brain scale but possibly overlooked the localized and subtle functional differences of brain networks. Actually, accumulating evidences suggest that functional brain networks are the basic unit to realize the brain function; thus, the functional relationships between gyri and sulci still need to be further explored within different functional brain networks. Inspired by these evidences, we proposed a novel intrinsic connectivity network (ICN)-guided pooling-trimmed convolutional neural network (I-ptFCN) to revisit the functional difference between gyri and sulci. By testing the proposed model on the task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets of the Human Connectome Project, we found that the classification accuracy of gyral and sulcal fMRI signals varied significantly for different ICNs, indicating functional heterogeneity of cortical folding patterns in different brain networks. The heterogeneity may be contributed by sulci, as only sulcal signals show heterogeneous frequency features across different ICNs, whereas the frequency features of gyri are homogeneous. These results offer novel insights into the functional difference between gyri and sulci and enlighten the functional roles of cortical folding patterns.