bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) predicts disease-free survival in BRAFV600E mutant papillary thyroid carcinoma in middle eastern patients
Authors: Parvathareddy Sandeep Kumar , Siraj Abdul K. , Bu Rong , Iqbal Kaleem , Al-Rasheed Maha , Al-Haqawi Wael , Annaiyappanaidu Padmanaban , Siraj Nabil , Ahmed Saeeda O. , Al-Sobhi Saif S. , Al-Dayel Fouad , Al-Kuraya Khawla S. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundX-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is the most potent caspase inhibitory IAP family member and its over-expression is implicated in aggressive behavior of various solid tumors, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). BRAFV600E mutation is the most common oncogenic event in PTC and is also known to be associated with aggressive clinico-pathological characteristics. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of XIAP expression in more than 1600 PTCs from Middle Eastern ethnicity and its prognostic value to predict disease-free survival (DFS), in combination with the BRAFV600E mutation.MethodsClinical data, XIAP expression by immunohistochemistry and BRAF mutation status were analyzed in 1640 Saudi PTC patients seen at our institute between 1988 - 2020.ResultsBRAFV600E mutation was found in 910 of 1640 patients (55.5%) and was significantly correlated with older age, extrathyroidal extension, bilaterality, multifocality and lymph node metastasis, but was not an independent predictor of DFS. XIAP was over-expressed in 758 of 1640 (46.2%) and was associated with aggressive clinico-pathological features. It was also found to be an independent prognostic marker for DFS (HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.02 – 1.60, P = 0.0342). XIAP overexpression was correlated with presence of BRAFV600E mutation in PTC patients. Interestingly, we found the ability to predict shorter DFS was 2.7-fold higher in PTCs with over-expression of XIAP and BRAFV600E mutation compared to patients with high XIAP and wild-type BRAFV600E status (HR = 2.74, 95% CI = 2.19 – 3.44, p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionXIAP expression is an independent predictor of prognosis in Middle Eastern PTC patients. Combination of XIAP expression and BRAFV600E mutation can synergistically improve the DFS prediction in PTC patients, which may help clinicians to establish the most appropriate initial care and long-term surveillance strategies.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liang Jiemei , Song Jiazhao , Sun Tiehui , Zhang Lanning , Xu Shan 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and assess its clinical application value.MethodsClinical data were retrospectively collected from 474 patients with T2DM at the Air Force Medical Center between January 2019 and April 2022. The patients were divided into training and validation sets using the random number table method in a ratio of 7:3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors for PAD in patients with T2DM. A nomogram prediction model was developed based on the independent risk factors. The predictive efficacy of the prediction model was evaluated using the consistency index (C-index), area under the curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test, and calibration curve analysis. Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the prediction model’s performance during clinical application.ResultsAge, disease duration, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and hemoglobin (P&lt;0.05) were observed as independent risk factors for PAD in patients with T2DM. The C-index and the AUC were 0.765 (95% CI: 0.711-0.819) and 0.716 (95% CI: 0.619-0.813) for the training and validation sets, respectively, indicating that the model had good discriminatory power. The calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities for both the training and validation sets. In addition, the P-values of the HL test for the training and validation sets were 0.205 and 0.414, respectively, indicating that the model was well-calibrated. Finally, the DCA curve indicated that the model had good clinical utility.ConclusionA simple nomogram based on three independent factors–duration of diabetes, BUN, and hemoglobin levels–may help clinicians predict the risk of developing PAD in patients with T2DM.
Establishment and validation of the cut-off values of estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio for diabetic kidney disease: A multi-center, prospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Zhongai , Zhu Yanjuan , Sun Xiaoyue , Zhu Hong , Jiang Wenhui , Sun Mengdi , Wang Jingyu , Liu Le , Zheng Hui , Qin Yongzhang , Zhang Shuang , Yang Yanhui , Xu Jie , Yang Juhong , Shan Chunyan , Chang Baocheng 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to study the cut-off values of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) in the normal range for diabetic kidney disease (DKD).MethodsIn this study, we conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study included 374 type 2 diabetic patients who had baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and UACR &lt;30 mg/g with up to 6 years of follow-up. The results were further validated in a multi-center, prospective cohort study.ResultsIn the development cohort, baseline eGFR (AUC: 0.90, cut-off value: 84.8 mL/min/1.73 m2, sensitivity: 0.80, specificity: 0.85) or UACR (AUC: 0.74, cut-off value: 15.5mg/g, sensitivity: 0.69, specificity: 0.63) was the most effective single predictor for DKD. Moreover, compared with eGFR or UACR alone, the prediction model consisted of all of the independent risk factors did not improve the predictive performance (P &gt;0.05). The discrimination of eGFR at the cut-off value of 84.80 mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR at 15.5mg/g with the largest Youden’s index was further confirmed in the validation cohort. The decrease rate of eGFR was faster in patients with UACR ≥15.5mg/g (P &lt;0.05). Furthermore, the decrease rate of eGFR or increase rate of UACR and the incidence and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were higher in patients with eGFR ≤84.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR ≥15.5mg/g (P &lt;0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, eGFR ≤84.8mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR ≥15.5mg/g in the normal range may be an effective cut-off value for DKD and may increase the incidence and severity for CVD in type 2 diabetic patients.
Mendelian randomization study reveals a causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and risk for pre-eclampsia
Authors: Zhang Dingyi , Hu Ying , Guo Weijie , Song Yang , Yang Lin , Yang Shuhan , Ou Taoaixin , Liu Yanxu , Zhang Yaoyao 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundEpidemiological observational studies have investigated the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and pre-eclampsia, but no consistent conclusions were obtained due to various limitations. Hence, we conducted a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis to evaluate the potential causal effect of RA on pre-eclampsia.MethodsSummary-level statistics for RA were derived from a large-scale meta-analysis of datasets of genome-wide association studies(GWAS) which involved 14,361 cases and 43,923 controls. Moreover, summary statistics for pre-eclampsia or eclampsia were sourced from the Finn biobank which contained 3,903 cases and 114,735 controls. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) as well as other four effective methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode were applied to deduce the potential causal relationships between RA and pre-eclampsia comprehensively.ResultsThe two-sample MR analysis suggested a strong causal relationship between RA and pre-eclampsia[OR,1.05;95%CI, 1.01-1.09;p&lt;0.05]. The OR estimates obtained from the weighted mode[OR,1.09;95%CI,1.03-1.15;p&lt;0.01] and weighted median[OR,1.07;95%CI, 1.01-1.14;p&lt;0.05] were similar to those from the IVW method, but there was no significant association observed in MR Egger and simple mode analysis.ConclusionThis MR analysis provides evidence of a positive causal association between RA and pre-eclampsia genetically. Our findings highlight the importance of more intensive prenatal care and early intervention among pregnant women with RA to prevent potential adverse obstetric outcomes. Moreover, our study provides clues for risk factor identification and early prediction of pre-eclampsia.
The consistencies and inconsistencies between distal cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Tian-Run , Wang Ju-Mei , Ma Wen-Jie , Hu Ya-Fei , Dai Yu-Shi , Jin Yan-Wen , Li Fu-Yu 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the consistencies and inconsistencies between distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCCA) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDCA) regarding their biological features and long-term prognosis.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched to find comparative studies between DCCA and PDCA. RevMan5.3 and Stata 13.0 software were used for the statistical analyses.ResultsEleven studies with 4,698 patients with DCCA and 100,629 patients with PDCA were identified. Pooled results indicated that patients with DCCA had a significantly higher rate of preoperative jaundice (p = 0.0003). Lymphatic metastasis (p &lt; 0.00001), vascular invasion (p &lt; 0.0001), and peri-neural invasion (p = 0.005) were more frequently detected in patients with PDCA. After curative pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), a significantly higher R0 rate (p &lt; 0.0001) and significantly smaller tumor size (p &lt; 0.00001) were detected in patients with DCCA. Patients with DCCA had a more favorable overall survival (OS) (p &lt; 0.00001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.005) than patients with PDCA. However, postoperative morbidities (p = 0.02), especially postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) (p &lt; 0.00001), more frequently occurred in DCCA.ConclusionPatients with DCCA had more favorable tumor pathological features and long-term prognosis than patients with PDCA. An early diagnosis more frequently occurred in patients with DCCA. However, postoperative complications, especially POPF, were more frequently observed in patients with DCCA.
Potassium application enhances drought tolerance in sesame by mitigating oxidative damage and regulating osmotic adjustment
Authors: Fang Sheng , Yang Huiyi , Wei Guangwei , Shen Tinghai , Wan Zehua , Wang Min , Wang Xiaohui , Wu Ziming 
Published: December 2022

Potassium (K) is known for alleviating the negative effects of abiotic stresses on plants. To explore the functions of K in controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant activities, and osmoregulation in sesame under drought stress, a pot experiment was conducted with three K levels (0, 60, and 120 kg ha–1, recorded as K0, K1, and K2, respectively) and exposed to well-watered (WW, 75% ± 5% soil relative water content) and drought-stressed (DS, 50% ± 5% soil relative water content) conditions. The results showed that DS stimulated the production of ROS such as increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), leading to lipid peroxidation as characterized by higher malondialdehyde (MDA) and, consequently, resulting in the decline in relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic pigments as compared with WW plants. These adverse effects were exacerbated when drought stress was prolonged. Concurrently, K application alleviated the magnitude of decline in the RWC, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b, and plants applied with K exhibited superior growth, with the optimal mitigation observed under K2 treatment. Additionally, DS plants treated with K exhibited lower lipid peroxidation, higher antioxidant activities, and increased osmotic solute accumulation in comparison with plants under K deficiency, which suggested that exogenous K application mitigated the oxidative damages and this was more prominent under K2 treatment. Noteworthily, proline and soluble protein, respectively, dominated in the osmotic regulation at 3 and 6 days of drought stress according to the analysis of the quantitative comparison among different osmotically active solutes. Based on the correlation of the aforementioned traits and the analysis of variance on the interaction effects of drought stress and potassium, we propose that superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and MDA could be critical indicators in balancing ROS detoxification and reproduction. In summary, our studies suggest that optimized K application keeps a balance between the production of antioxidants and ROS and simultaneously affects osmoregulation to alleviate the damage from drought stress.
COVID anxiety and its predictors among Slovak adolescents
Authors: Jozefiakova Bibiána , Kascakova Natália , Furstova Jana , Sarnikova Gabriela , Hasto Jozef , Tavel Peter 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions, mainly social distancing, had an impact on the mental health of various groups, including adolescents.MethodsThe main goal of our study was to explore the impact of gender, age, resilience (measured using the Brief Resilience Scale), attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance (both measured using the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Scale for adolescents), and mental and general health (measured using items of SF-8 Health Survey) on COVID anxiety (measured using the COVID Anxiety Scale) among a sample of Slovak adolescents (N = 1,786, age 15 to 19, mean age = 16.8, SD = 1.2). The data were collected online between 13 April and 24 May 2021.ResultsFour nested linear regression models were fitted to the data and evaluated. The significant predictors that had a greater effect than our smallest effect size of interest (β  = 0.10) were gender (β  = −0.26, p  &lt; 0.001, where boys had lower scores in COVID anxiety), general and mental health (β  = −0.13 and β  = −0.14, respectively, both with p  &lt; 0.001), resilience (β  = −0.12, p  &lt; 0.001), and attachment avoidance (β  = −0.11, p  &lt; 0.001). Similarly, age and attachment anxiety were significant predictors with a lower effect size (β  = 0.06, p  = 0.003, and β  = 0.09, p  &lt; 0.001, respectively).DiscussionOur results are in line with previous research findings highlighting the importance of prevention and interventions programs focused mainly on preventing loneliness and social disconnection, fostering secure attachment with parents and peers, and increasing the resilience of adolescents, especially in the stressful time of a pandemic, to promote their mental health.
Causal explanation of academic enthusiasm based on the interaction of teachers and English language learners: Self-regulation, academic hope, and academic engagement among English language learners
Authors: Izadpanah Siros , Rezaei Yasaman Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe present research investigates the causal explanation of academic enthusiasm based on the interaction between teachers and English learners: self-regulation, academic hope, and academic engagement among English language learners.MethodsThe implementation method of this descriptive research and research design was structural equation correlation. The research’s statistical population included intermediate Zanjan city learners (50,977 people) who were studying in the academic year 2021-2022. This research used multi-stage cluster random sampling to test the proposed model. The following questionnaires were used to collect data: Academic enthusiasm (Fredericks et al.); Teacher-student interaction questionnaire (Moray and Zurich); Academic hope questionnaire (Khormai and Kameri); Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Bouffard) and academic engagement (Zarang). Lisrel software was used for data analysis and evaluation of the proposed model using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe results of the present study showed that teacher-student interaction, academic self-regulation, academic engagement, and academic hope are related to students’ academic enthusiasm. The results of the present study also support the role of mediators of academic self-regulation, academic engagement, and academic hope in the causal relationships between teacher-student interaction and academic enthusiasm.Discussion:Based on this, it can be concluded that with the improvement of teacher-student interaction, the level of academic self-regulation, academic engagement, and academic hope of students increases, and these factors together increase their academic enthusiasm. Therefore, it is suggested that to increase academic engagement, academic self-regulation, and academic hope in the students in the education system, attention should be paid to the position of the students’ academic enthusiasm.
Disease-specific data processing: An intelligent digital platform for diabetes based on model prediction and data analysis utilizing big data technology
Authors: Kong Xiangyong , Peng Ruiyang , Dai Huajie , Li Yichi , Lu Yanzhuan , Sun Xiaohan , Zheng Bozhong , Wang Yuze , Zhao Zhiyun , Liang Shaolin , Xu Min 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundArtificial intelligence technology has become a mainstream trend in the development of medical informatization. Because of the complex structure and a large amount of medical data generated in the current medical informatization process, big data technology to assist doctors in scientific research and analysis and obtain high-value information has become indispensable for medical and scientific research.MethodsThis study aims to discuss the architecture of diabetes intelligent digital platform by analyzing existing data mining methods and platform building experience in the medical field, using a large data platform building technology utilizing the Hadoop system, model prediction, and data processing analysis methods based on the principles of statistics and machine learning. We propose three major building mechanisms, namely the medical data integration and governance mechanism (DCM), data sharing and privacy protection mechanism (DPM), and medical application and medical research mechanism (MCM), to break down the barriers between traditional medical research and digital medical research. Additionally, we built an efficient and convenient intelligent diabetes model prediction and data analysis platform for clinical research.ResultsResearch results from this platform are currently applied to medical research at Shanghai T Hospital. In terms of performance, the platform runs smoothly and is capable of handling massive amounts of medical data in real-time. In terms of functions, data acquisition, cleaning, and mining are all integrated into the system. Through a simple and intuitive interface operation, medical and scientific research data can be processed and analyzed conveniently and quickly.ConclusionsThe platform can serve as an auxiliary tool for medical personnel and promote the development of medical informatization and scientific research. Also, the platform may provide the opportunity to deliver evidence-based digital therapeutics and support digital healthcare services for future medicine.
Lessons From Early COVID-19: Associations With Undergraduate Students’ Academic Performance, Social Life, and Mental Health in the United States
Authors: Nano Joseph P. , Ghaly Mina H. , Fan Wen 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aims to explore the influence of COVID-19 on undergraduate students’ academic performance, social life, and mental health during the pandemic’s early stage, and evaluate potential correlates of stress, anxiety, and depression in relation to COVID-19.Methods: Participant data was collected as part of a survey that consisted of demographic questions, a DASS-21 questionnaire, and an open-ended question. The final sample consisted of 1077 full-time students in the United States.Results: 19%, 20%, and 28% of participants met the cutoff for “severe” and “extremely severe” levels of stress, anxiety, and depression according to DASS-21. During COVID-19, a significant increase in hours of sleep, and decrease in hours spent on extracurriculars and studying were observed. While talking to family was significantly associated with stress, anxiety, and depression, engaging in hobbies was only associated with depression.Conclusion: With the continued spread of COVID-19, it is critical for universities to adapt to the mental health needs of their students. Future institutional advancements should create treatment programs to ensure better academic and social outcomes.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Syn and Anti-like Double Warhead Quinolinones Bearing Dihydroxy Naphthalene Moiety as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors with Potential Apoptotic Antiproliferative Action
Authors: El-Sheref Essmat M. , Ameen Mohamed A. , El-Shaieb Kamal M. , Abdel-Latif Fathy F. , Abdel-naser Asmaa I. , Brown Alan B. , Bräse Stefan , Fathy Hazem M. , Ahmad Iqrar , Patel Harun , Gomaa Hesham A. M. , Youssif Bahaa G. M. , Mohamed Asmaa H. 
Published: December 2022

Our investigation includes the synthesis of new naphthalene-bis-triazole-bis-quinolin-2(1H)-ones 4a–e and 7a–e via Cu-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloadditions of 4-azidoquinolin-2(1H)-ones 3a–e with 1,5-/or 1,8-bis(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)naphthalene (2) or (6). All structures of the obtained products have been confirmed with different spectroscopic analyses. Additionally, a mild and versatile method based on copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition (Meldal–Sharpless reaction) was developed to tether quinolinones to O-atoms of 1,5- or 1,8-dinaphthols. The triazolo linkers could be considered as anti and syn products, which are interesting precursors for functionalized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors with potential apoptotic antiproliferative action. The antiproliferative activities of the 4a–e and 7a–e were evaluated. Compounds 4a–e and 7a–e demonstrated strong antiproliferative activity against the four tested cancer cell lines, with mean GI50 ranging from 34 nM to 134 nM compared to the reference erlotinib, which had a GI50 of 33 nM. The most potent derivatives as antiproliferative agents, compounds 4a, 4b, and 7d, were investigated for their efficacy as EGFR inhibitors, with IC50 values ranging from 64 nM to 97 nM. Compounds 4a, 4b, and 7d demonstrated potent apoptotic effects via their effects on caspases 3, 8, 9, Cytochrome C, Bax, and Bcl2. Finally, docking studies show the relevance of the free amino group of the quinoline moiety for antiproliferative action via hydrogen bond formation with essential amino acids.