bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substance‐use simulation impairs driving capability in patients with cirrhosis regardless of hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Acharya Chathur , McGeorge Sara , Fagan Andrew , Wade James B. , Lee Hannah , Luketic Velimir , Sterling Richard K. , Thacker Leroy , Bajaj Jasmohan S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Driving is independently affected by cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and alcohol/substance use, but their concomitant impact is unclear. We aimed to determine the impact of alcohol and other substances on driving‐simulator performance in cirrhosis with and without HE. Outpatients with cirrhosis and controls underwent cognitive testing and driving simulation for the following three conditions: baseline, wearing goggles simulating alcohol intoxication, and wearing goggles simulating opioid/benzodiazepine abuse. Outcomes were number of centerline crossings (CCs) and road‐edge excursions (REEs). We compared controls versus patients with cirrhosis then subjects with cirrhosis with and without HE for all conditions, using generalized linear modeling (GLM). Sixty subjects (17 controls, 43 with cirrhosis [Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score, 10; 21 subjects with prior HE]) were included. Simulations showed higher CCs and REEs at baseline in patients with cirrhosis with and without HE versus controls. With alcohol‐ and substance abuse‐impairment goggles, CCs increased but REEs decreased in cirrhosis. In the GLM, a time and group interaction was seen (p < 0.001) for CCs and REEs. Patients with cirrhosis showed higher CCs and REEs at baseline than controls (CCs, p = 0.003; REEs, p = 0.0001) and higher CCs (p = 0.03) and lower REEs (p = 0.001) with alcohol‐simulating goggles. All groups were equally impaired with opioid/benzodiazepine‐simulating goggles (CCs, p = 0.49; REEs, p = 0.46). Controls with alcohol‐simulating goggles had similar CCs as the baseline of patients with cirrhosis (p = 0.98). conclusions: Simulating alcohol intake induces greater driving impairment in patients with cirrhosis versus controls, but similar patterns were seen with opioid/benzodiazepine‐simulating goggles. At baseline, patients with cirrhosis have simulator outcomes equivalent to intoxicated controls. Driving simulation with goggles modeling substance abuse could improve insight into driving errors and enhance driving rehabilitation in patients with cirrhosis.
Oral health promotion and programming provided by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations in South Australia
Authors: Poirier Brianna , Tang Samantha , Haag Dandara Gabriela , Sethi Sneha , Hedges Joanne , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) play a critical role in supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health in Australia. This article aims to identify and describe oral health programming and promotion provided by ACCHOs in South Australia.MethodsAll ACCHOs in South Australia were identified through the Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia. A targeted search strategy was designed to include the websites and social media pages (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram) for each organisation. Program characteristics were extracted and summarised, and oral health promotion content was analysed utilising content analysis.ResultsTwelve programs were identified across the 12 ACCHOs in South Australia. Of these, seven focused on oral health and five focused on nutrition. Oral health and nutrition information shared online by ACCHOs was extracted and aggregated into oral health and nutrition categories, which included reminders about visiting services, advocacy statements, oral hygiene messaging, appointment availability, education resources, and upcoming community‐based activities.ConclusionsThe evidence explored highlights the integral role ACCHOs play in oral health promotion and service delivery. It is critically important that ACCHOs are involved in development and implementation of oral health services to ensure programming reflects community knowledges and is effective in improving oral health equity.
A predictive model to estimate fever after receipt of the second dose of Pfizer‐BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine: An observational cohort study
Authors: Chiba Satoru , Shinohara Kaoru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsFever after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination is generally a mild and benign event, but can cause excessive anxiety in younger adults. This study aimed to find key factors that include allergic diseases or physique that determine fever after vaccination.MethodsWe conducted an observational cohort study in our hospital to assess post‐COVID‐19 vaccination fever from April to June 2021. A total of 153 medical personnel aged 22–86 years of age were involved in the study to receive two doses, intramuscularly 21 days apart, of the Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine (30 μg per dose). Vaccination records were taken more than 72 h after vaccination. Clinical and laboratory variables (age, sex, allergy history, weight, height, serum hemoglobin concentration, and these derivatives) were examined by multivariable logistic regression analysis using the peak axillary temperature in the 4‐day period after the second vaccination as a dependent variable.ResultsNo serious safety problems were detected. The incidence of a postsecond vaccination fever of 37.3°C or above was 29.4%. Logistic regression analysis found age, history of perennial allergic rhinitis, body surface area, body weight, percent overweight, and serum hemoglobin concentration as independent predictors of postvaccination fever. The characteristics of this individual were incorporated into the numerical model of human thermoregulation. The evaluation of this model had a sensitivity of 66.1% and a specificity of 90.7% in the detection of postvaccination fever. The multiple coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.410.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 vaccine induced higher rates of fever during the 4‐day period after the second vaccination. Younger age, part of the allergy history, small and light body, and concentrated blood were associated with postvaccination fever.
Laddec® versus Bio‐Oss®: The effect on the healing of critical‐sized defect – Calvaria rabbit model
Authors: Gil Luiz Fernando , Nayak Vasudev Vivekanand , Benalcázar Jalkh Ernesto B. , Tovar Nick , Chiu Kai‐Jen , Salas Jaime Campos , Marin Charles , Bowers Michelle , Freitas Gileade , Mbe Fokam Dejolie Christelle , Coelho Paulo G. , Witek Lukasz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo performance of two different deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) grafting materials: DBBB (Bio‐Oss®) and DBBL (Laddec®), for the regeneration of critically sized (8 mm) defects in rabbit's calvaria. Three round‐shaped defects were surgically created in the calvaria of 13 New Zealand White rabbits proximal to the coronal suture in the parietal bone. Two of the defects were filled with one of the grafting materials while a third was left empty to serve as a negative control. Bone regeneration properties were evaluated at 4‐ and 8‐weeks after implantation by means of histological and histomorphometrical analyses. Statistical analyses were performed through a mixed model analysis with fixed factors of time and material. Histological evaluation of the control group evidenced a lack of bridging bone formation across the defect sites at both evaluation time points. For the experimental groups, new bone formation was observed around the defect periphery and to progress radially inwards to the center of the defect site, regardless of the grafting material. Histomorphometric analyses at 4 weeks demonstrated higher amount of bone formation through the defect for DBBB group. However, at 8 weeks, DBBL and DBBB demonstrated osteoconductivity and low resorption rates with evidence of statistically similar bone regeneration through the complete boney defect. Finally, DBBB presented lower soft tissue migration within the defect when compared to DBBL at both evaluation time points. DBBB and DBBL presented similar bone regeneration performance and slow resorption rates. Although both materials promoted bone regeneration through the complete defect, DBBB presented lower soft tissue migration within the defects at 4‐ and 8‐weeks.
Biological activity and molecular docking studies of some N‐phenylsulfonamides against cholinesterases and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes
Authors: Başaran Eyüp , Çakmak Reşit , Şentürk Murat , Taskin‐Tok Tugba 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this research, a series of N‐phenylsulfonamide derivatives (1‐12) were designed, synthesized, and investigated for their inhibitory potencies against carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes I, II, and IX (hCA I, hCA II, and hCA IX) and cholinesterases (ChE), namely, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. These compounds, whose inhibition potentials were evaluated for the first time, were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR and FT‐IR). CA isoenzyme inhibitors are significant therapeutic targets, especially owing to their preventive/activation potential in the therapy processes of some diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis, and glaucoma. On the other hand, Cholinesterase inhibitors are valuable molecules with biological importance that can be employed in the therapy process of Alzheimer's patients. The results showed that the tested molecules had enzyme inhibition activities ranging from 9.7 to 93.7 nM against these five metabolic enzymes. Among the tested molecules, the methoxy and the hydroxyl group‐containing compounds 10, 11, and 12 exhibited more enzyme inhibition activities when compared to standard compounds acetazolamide, sulfapyridine, and sulfadiazine for CA isoenzymes and neostigmine for ChE, respectively. Of these three molecules, compound 12, which had a hydroxyl group in the para position in the aromatic ring, was determined to be the most active molecule against all enzymes. In silico work, molecular docking has also shown similar results and is consistent with the experimental data in the study. As a result, we can say that some of the tested molecules might be used as promising inhibitor candidates for further studies on this topic.
Analytical study of MgZnO/ZnO heterostructure field effect transistor for power switching
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Chaudhary Sumit , Khan Md Arif , Mukherjee Shaibal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigate the power switching mechanism to evaluate the power loss (PD) and efficiency (ɳ) in MgZnO/ZnO (MZO)‐based power heterostructure field effect transistor (HFET), and physical parameters responsible for PD in molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and dual ion beam sputtering (DIBS) grown MZO HEFT and compare the performance with the group III‐nitride HFETs. This work extensively probes all physical parameters such as two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) density, mobility, switching frequency, and device dimension to study their impact on power switching in MZO HFET. Results suggest that the MBE and DIBS grown MZO HFET with the gate width (WG) of ~205 and ~280 mm at drain current coefficient (k) of 11 and 15, respectively, will achieve 99.96% and 99.95% of ɳ and 9.03 and 12.53 W of PD, respectively. Moreover, WG value for DIBS‐grown MZO HFET is observed to further reduce in the range of 112–168 mm by using a Y2O3 spacer layer leading to the maximum ɳ in the range of 99.98%–99.97% and the minimum PD in the range of 5–7 W. This work is significant for the development of cost‐effective HFETs for power switching applications.
On the representation of atmospheric circulation modes in regional climate models over Western Europe
Authors: Ibebuchi Chibuike Chiedozie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAtmospheric circulation is a key driver of climate variability, and the representation of atmospheric circulation modes in regional climate models (RCMs) can enhance the credibility of regional climate projections. This study examines the representation of large‐scale atmospheric circulation modes in Coupled Model Inter‐comparison Project phase 5 RCMs once driven by ERA‐Interim, and by two general circulation models (GCMs). The study region is Western Europe and the circulation modes are classified using the Promax rotated T‐mode principal component analysis. The results indicate that the RCMs can replicate the classified atmospheric modes as obtained from ERA5 reanalysis, though with biases dependent on the data providing the lateral boundary condition and the choice of RCM. When the boundary condition is provided by ERA‐Interim that is more consistent with observations, the simulated map types and the associating time series match well with their counterparts from ERA5. Further, on average, the multi‐model ensemble mean of the analysed RCMs, driven by ERA‐Interim, indicated a slight improvement in the representation of the modes obtained from ERA5. Conversely, when the RCMs are driven by the GCMs that are models without assimilation of observational data, the representation of the atmospheric modes, as obtained from ERA5, is relatively less accurate compared to when the RCMs are driven by ERA‐Interim. This suggests that the biases stem from the GCMs. On average, the representation of the modes was not improved in the multi‐model ensemble mean of the five analysed RCMs driven by either of the GCMs. However, when the best‐performed RCMs were selected on average the ensemble mean indicated a slight improvement. Moreover, the presence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in the simulated modes depends also on the lateral boundary conditions. The relationship between the modes and the NAO was replicated only when the RCMs were driven by reanalysis. The results indicate that the forcing model is the main factor in reproducing the atmospheric circulation.
Simultaneous quantification of volatile fatty acids and nonvolatile organic acids in Hevea brasiliensis latex
Authors: Arti Dewi Kusuma , Cheewasedtham Wilairat , Rujiralai Thitima 
Published: July 2022

The current method used in latex industries to determine the volatile fatty acids contents of Hevea brasiliensis latex is steam distillation. However, the accuracy of the method has been debated for some time. We assessed the accuracy of the method and developed a new, more reliable high‐performance liquid chromatographic method of determining acids in latex. The volatile fatty acids (formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids) and nonvolatile organic acids (oxalic, malic, lactic, citric, and succinic acids) in latex are directly determined simultaneously for the first time with high sensitivity and without losses during sample preparation. To avoid errors from derivatization, an acid‐resistant Prevail HPLC column and a gradient mobile phase of 25 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.5) and acetonitrile were employed. Under optimum conditions, the calibrations of both types of acids demonstrated satisfactory correlation coefficients of ≥0.990, with limits of detection ranging from 0.02 to 395 mM. The developed method demonstrated the profiles of acids in field and concentrated latex of the same batch. Moreover, the evolution of the profiles of all studied acids in both types of latex during a 3‐month period was also revealed.
A Straightforward Approach towards Antibacterial and Anti‐Inflammatory Multifunctional Nanofiber Membranes with Sustained Drug Release Profiles
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Wang Yilin , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPreventing bacterial infection and controlling the inflammatory response occupy important positions in wound treatment. Although loading wound dressings with antibacterial or anti‐inflammatory drugs/molecules is an effective approach to address these issues, simultaneous sustained release of these drugs remains challenging. Herein, hydrophilic polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGC) and hydrophobic indomethacin (Indo) are loaded in hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers respectively by bidirectional electrospinning to form an antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory PCL‐Indo/PVA‐PHGC wound dressing. The fabricated nanofiber membrane exhibits 100% disinfection activity to both Gram‐negative (E. coli) and Gram‐positive (S. aureus) bacteria because of the release of the broad‐spectrum antibacterial molecule PHGC. Additionally, the loading of Indo in the nanofiber membrane enhances the expression level of IL‐10, while inhibiting those of IL‐6 and TNF‐α in the RAW264.7 mouse cells. In the interwoven membrane of PCL and PVA fibers, the release of hydrophobic Indo is hindered by hydrophilic PHGC and PVA fibers, and similarly, the release of hydrophilic PHGC is hindered by hydrophobic Indo and PCL fibers. In conclusion, the PCL‐Indo/PVA‐PHGC nanofiber membrane has excellent antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and sustained‐release effects, and thus regulates the immune microenvironment of the cells to potentially promote wound healing.
Transparent Cellulose‐Based Film with High UV‐Blocking Performance Fabricated by Surface Modification using Biginelli Reaction
Authors: Yuan Mengzhen , Liu Hongchen , Shen Kaiyuan , Qiu Changjing , Qi Haisong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEfficient and sustainable ultraviolet (UV)‐blocking materials are of great interest in many fields. Herein, novel cellulose‐based UV‐blocking films are developed via surface modification using the Biginelli reaction. The resulting films exhibited excellent visible transparency (80%) at 550 nm and superhigh UV‐blocking performance, which can shield almost 100% UVA and UVB. These features are very stable even the materials are being subjected to solvents, UV irradiation, and thermal treatment. This work provides a novel and facile strategy to fabricate functional cellulose‐based films with superhigh anti‐ultraviolet performance.
Is There a Utility of Chrono‐Specific Diets in Improving Cardiometabolic Health?
Authors: Yong Yi Ning , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar , Haldar Sumanto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModern lifestyle is generally associated with the consumption of three main meals per day, one of which is typically in the evening or at night. It is also well established that consumption of meals in the later part of the day, notably in the evenings, is associated with circadian desynchrony, which in turn increases the risk of non‐communicable diseases, particularly cardiometabolic diseases. While it is not feasible to avoid food consumption during the evenings altogether, there is an opportunity to provide chrono‐specific, diet‐based solutions to mitigate some of these risks. To date, there has been substantial progress in the understanding of chrononutrition, with evidence derived mainly from in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Some of these approaches include the manipulation of the quality and quantity of certain nutrients to be consumed at specific times of the day, as well as incorporating certain dietary components (macronutrients, micronutrients, or non‐nutrient bioactives, including polyphenols) with the ability to modulate circadian rhythmicity. However, robust human studies are generally lacking. In this review, the study has consolidated and critically appraised the current evidence base, with an aim to translate these findings to improve cardiometabolic health and provides recommendations to move this field forward.
The burdens of incontinence: Quantifying incontinence product usage and costs in women
Authors: Chisholm Leah P. , Sebesta Elisabeth M. , Gleicher Stephanie , Kaufman Melissa , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds William Stuart 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionUrinary incontinence is a common condition in women, who often use incontinence containment products to self‐manage. Few studies have sought to quantify use and costs of incontinence products associated with subtypes of incontinence and severity, therefore this study aimed to quantify incontinence product use and personal costs to women.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis from a sample of adult women recruited electronically via ResearchMatch for a study on urinary symptoms and social determinants of health. Participants completed validated questionnaires on urinary symptoms, and were asked about daily numbers and types of incontinence products used and weekly costs, along with demographic and baseline clinical information, and information about unmet social needs. Descriptive statistics were performed, in addition to Wilcoxon rank sum and Kruskal–Wallis tests to compare incontinence product usage and cost based on type of incontinence, symptom severity, and other demographics, in addition to multivariable linear regression.ResultsA total of 702 women who reported using weekly incontinence products were included in the final analytic sample. Overall, women reported using a mean of 1.8 ± 2.1 incontinence products in 24 h (median: 1, interquartile range [IQR]: 1), with a maximum of 32. Mean weekly cost of was $5.42 ± $8.59 (median: $3, IQR: $4), with cost up to $100. Nonwhite women trended towards having higher product usage and cost, with significant cost increase seen among non‐Hispanic Black women and Hispanic women. Usage and cost were higher in women who had less education, had household income below the poverty line, were on disability, were using Medicaid or were uninsured, had more unmet social needs, and in those with mixed incontinence. Additionally, daily product use and weekly costs increased with incontinence symptom severity, with the biggest increase between those with severe and very severe symptoms.ConclusionsIn this study, we were able to quantify the number of incontinence products used daily and the weekly costs in incontinent women across types and severity of incontinence. Costs were even greater and may be prohibitive, in women with more unmet social needs, Medicaid or no insurance, less than a college education, lower income, or on disability.