bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DoE-based Optimization of Oral In-situ Gel containing Dandelion Leaf
Extract
Authors: Patel Dinal V. , Dholakia Mansi , Chauhan Harshida , Suhagia Bhanubhai N. 
Published: April 2022

Aim:
The present study developed an oral in-situ gel containing the leaf extract of Tarax-acum officinale (T.O.) using an experimental design.

Background:
Peptic ulcer disease was an epidemic in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The applica-tion of herbal drugs for peptic diseases is an attractive area for research and implementation as compared to the allopathic system in the recent era. From the number of plants, the antioxidant effect of an aqueous extract of Taraxacum officinale, which is the dandelion leaf, was proven by an animal study in previous literature. However, most of the marketed preparations consist of root ex-tract primarily used for the detoxification of the liver in comparison to the leaf extract having a non-specific application. Hence, the aqueous extract of dandelion leaf was taken as the active ingredient in the formulation. Over the past 30 years, greater attention has been given to the development of controlled and sustained drug delivery systems. The development of in situ gel systems has received considerable attention over the past few years due to the number of advantages.

Objective:
By considering the merits of herbal ingredients with drug delivery technology, herbal in-situ gel was developed using statistical analysis.

Methods:
Herbal in-situ oral gel was developed using a factorial design. The concentration of sodi-um alginate, xanthan gum, and HPMC K15 M was taken as the factors, and viscosity and drug re-lease (total phenol content) in 10 h were selected as the responses. By evaluating the designed batches, the optimized batch was chosen as the promising formulation for curing the peptic ulcer.

Results:
The batch consisting of 1.711% w/v sodium alginate, 0.727% w/v xanthan gum, and 0.869% w/v HPMC K15M was selected as the optimized batch, as per the software, and the viscosi-ty and % drug release in 10 h were found to be 299.5 cps and 70.2%, respectively. Other evaluation parameters such as gelling capacity, floating parameters, and stability were also found to be good for the designed batches.

Conclutions:
The improved in-situ gel was found to be effective for extending the floating of the drug incorporated into the formulation as well as the residence time in the stomach for sustained drug release.
Efficacy of Propyl Selenoethers Against Peroxyl Radical Induced Protein
Damage: Effect of Functional Group Substitution
Authors: Gandhi Vishwa V. , Das Ram P. , Singh Beena G. , Kunwar Amit 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Proteins are the critical bio-molecules for cellular function and are also considered
to be highly susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damages.

Methods:
The present study aimed to evaluate some simple water-soluble aliphatic organoselenium
compounds bearing different functional groups but of similar carbon chain (propyl) length for a protective
effect against 2,2’-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative
damage using mitochondria as an in vitro model.

Results:
The results indicated that APPH (20 mM) treatment of mitochondrial fraction induced protein
carbonylation, leading to inactivation of redox enzymes and electron transport chain (ETC) and, ultimately
the mitochondrial dysfunction. On the other hand, treatment with 0.5 mM of monoselenobutyric
acid (SeBA) and monoselenopropyl alcohol (SePOH) significantly prevented APPH-induced protein
carbonylation in mitochondrial fraction and restored activities of mitochondrial proteins. On the
contrary, monoselenopropyl amine (SePAm) treatment at identical concentrations did not show significant
protection to mitochondrial activity from AAPH-induced oxidative damages. The above results
concur with the reported peroxyl radical scavenging activities of the above molecules.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, SeBA and SePOH are potential candidate molecules to protect proteins
from oxidative damage and, therefore, can be useful for managing oxidative stress in cellular models.
Conductivity Study on Proton-Conducting Nanocomposite Plasticized Polymer Electrolytes: A Review
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Sharma Shuchi , Pathak Dinesh , Dhiman Naresh , Prashar Kamlesh Kumar , Kahol Manoj , Arora Narinder , Sharma Viney 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:This paper reviews proton-conducting polymer electrolytes comprising different polymers, salts, and acids. The ionic conductivity of plasticized polymer electrolytes has been found to increase with the addition of plasticizers due to the dissociation of ion aggregates or undissociated salt/acid present in the electrolytes, i.e., σ (plasticized polymer electrolytes) > σ (unplasticized polymer electrolytes). Proton-conducting nonaqueous nanocomposite plasticized polymer electrolytes containing poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymers; different ammonium salts and acids as proton conductors; ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) as plasticizers; fumed silica and alumina as nano-fillers have been discussed in details. Conductivity studies (effect of salt/acid, effect of plasticizers, effect of nano-fillers, and effect of temperature), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry/thermal gravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA) studies for these electrolytes have been discussed and reported in the paper. Nanocomposite plasticized polymer electrolytes showed high ionic conductivity (in the order of 10-1 to 10-2 S/cm) at room temperature along with good thermal and mechanical stability due to the simultaneous addition of both plasticizers and nano-fillers. These nanocomposite polymer electrolytes are the best candidates for use in various electrochemical devices like solid-state batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, sensors, separators, and other electrochromic devices.
KULTUR SEKOLAH DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS KEUNGGULAN LOKAL BATIK DI SMA NEGERI 1 SOKARAJA
Authors: Abiyoga Berlian Bima 
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to describe school culture in the realization of Batik local content based education in 1 Sokaraja State Senior High School. The focuses of this study were deep explaination of school culture which was Batik local content based education and how to realize it. This research used descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected using observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis was done using interactive analysis model by Miles and Huberman namely data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The data were validated using technique and source triangulations. The results of this study indicated that physically and behaviorally 1 Sokaraja State Senior High School has supported the school culture of Batik local content based education. Three basic layers of school culture were assumptions, values, and artifacts. The assumptions of the founders of Batik local content based education at 1 Sokaraja State Senior High School who strongly wanted to elevate the local culture of Banyumas Batik underlie the formation of Batik local content based education. The values that applied were the value of cleanliness, the value of discipline, the culture of courtesy, the value of achievement, and the cultivation of local values. Then, the artifacts were in the forms of supporting facilities, efforts, and programs that support the Batik local content based education.Keywords: School Culture, Local Content based Education, Batik
PENANAMAN NILAI DALAM PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SMP NEGERI 8 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pratiwi Eka 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to describe the inculcating value in strengthening character education in SMP Negeri 8 Yogyakarta. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects in this research were the principal, educators, students and parents/ guardians of students. Data collection techniques were using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used the Milles and Huberman model, namely using the data condensation step, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. Test the validity of the data in this research using triangulation. The research results showed that: (1) Guidelines in inculcating values with the 2013 curriculum, syllabus and document books (rules of conduct). (2) The process of inculcating character values at SMP Negeri 8 Yogyakarta uses three ways, namely by providing understanding / knowledge, through habits, and through good examples conducted by school principals and educators. (3) The values implanted are religious, nationalist, independent, mutual assistance and integrity values. (4) The supporting factors are the culture of the school, facilities and infrastructure, good relationship with the school community. The inhibiting factor is the understanding of different school members about character education, so it takes patience and hard work from the school in an effort to equalize perceptions so that the implementation of character education is as expected, educators who have not maximally provided understanding, and low parental understanding. Keywords: Inculcating Value, PPK
TREN ANGKA PARTISIPASI PENDIDIKAN MENENGAH DAN PERENCANAAN KEBIJAKAN PARTISIPASI PENDIDIKAN DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Fiana Rob 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengetahui prediksi ketercapaian APK/APM Pendidikan Menengah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 2) mengetahui prediksi ketercapaian APK/APM Pendidikan Menengah kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 3) mengidentifikasi kebijakan dan program yang diberlakukan oleh Pemerintah Jawa Tengah dalam meningkatkan angka partisipasi pendidikan menengah, dan 4) menganalisa kebijakan berdasarkan hasil prediksi APK/APM untuk meningkatkan angka partisipasi pendidikan menengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan tren model kuadrat terkecil dan data kualititatif menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) APK Pendidikan Menengah di Jawa Tengah diprediksi dapat mencapai target PMU 97% pada tahun 2025 dan diprediksi mencapai 97,957%, sedangkan APM hingga tahun 2030 belum bisa mencapai 100% dan diprediksi mencapai 84,624%. 2) Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Analisis Tren APK/APM Pendidikan Menengah Kabupaten Temanggung, Kabupaten Wonosobo, Kabupaten Blora, dan Kabupaten Jepara menunjukkan peningkatan, sedangkan Kota Surakarta dan Kota Semarang mengalami penurunan. 3) Pemerintah Jateng membagi kebijakan dalam aspek operasional kelembagaan, personal siswa, peningkatan akses, dan mutu dalam meningkatkan partisipasi Pendidikan Menengah. 4) Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Provinsi Jawa Tengah menindaklanjuti hasil tren dengan cara mempertahankan dan meningkatkan partisipasi pendidikan menengah.Kata kunci: tren, angka partisipasi, pendidikan menengah, rencana kebijakan.
KEBIJAKAN SEKOLAH DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DENGAN KEGIATAN SENI MUSIK ANGKLUNG DI SD ISLAM TERPADU AL – KHAIRAAT
Authors: Fatmawati Erna 
Published: April 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui kebijakan sekolah dalam pendidikan karakter dengan kegiatan seni musik angklung di SD Islam Terpadu Al–Khairaat, yang meliputi 1) kebijakan sekolah dalam pendidikan karakter dengan kegiatan seni musik angklung 2) nilai-nilai karakter yang dihasilkan dalam kegiatan seni musik angklung 3) dampak kebijakan sekolah dalam pendidikan karakter dengan kegiatan seni musik angklung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yaitu dengan langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi dan penegasan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi sumber.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa. (1) Kebijakan sekolah dalam pendidikan karakter dengan kegiatan seni musik angklung diimplementasikan merujuk empat aspek yaitu: komunikasi, sumberdaya, sikap dan struktur birokrasi, (2) Nilai – nilai karakter yang dihasilkan dalam kegiatan seni musik angklung ada lima nilai yaitu disiplin, bersahabat, tanggungjawab, peduli sosial, dan cinta tanah air (3) Dampak kebijakan sekolah dalam pendidikan karakter dengan kegiatan seni musik angklung yaitu berdampak pada perubahan perilaku positif pada siswa. Kata kunci: kebijakan sekolah, pendidikan karakter, seni musik, dan angklung AbstractThis research aims to describe and understand the school's policy in character education with angklung music art in the SD Islam Terpadu Al – Khairaat, which includes 1) school policies in character education with art activities angklung music 2) character values are produced in the activity of angklung music art 3) The impact of school policy in character education with angklung music art activities. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. Data analysis techniques using the Miles and Huberman models are data reduction steps, data presentation, verification and conclusion confirmation. Test the legality of data on this study using triangulation techniques and triangulation resources. The results showed that. (1) The policy of school in character education with the activities of Angklung music is implemented to refer to four aspects namely: communication, resources, attitudes and bureaucracy structure, (2) value-the value of the character produced in the art of music activities angklung There are five values that are discipline, friendly, responsibility, social care, and love of Homeland (3) Impact of school policy in character education with the activities of Angklung music art that affects the change of positive behaviour in students.Keywords: school policy, character education, music art, and angklung
Design of a Vaccine Passport Validation System Using Blockchain-based Architecture: Development Study
Authors: Lee Hsiu An , Wu Wei-Chen , Kung Hsin-Hua , Udayasankaran Jai Ganesh , Wei Yu-Chih , Kijsanayotin Boonchai , Marcelo Alvin B , Hsu Chien-Yeh 
Published: April 2022

Background
COVID-19 is an ongoing global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. As of June 2021, 5 emergency vaccines were available for COVID-19 prevention, and with the improvement of vaccination rates and the resumption of activities in each country, verification of vaccination has become an important issue. Currently, in most areas, vaccination and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results are certified and validated on paper. This leads to the problem of counterfeit documents. Therefore, a global vaccination record is needed.

Objective
The main objective of this study is to design a vaccine passport (VP) validation system based on a general blockchain architecture for international use in a simulated environment. With decentralized characteristics, the system is expected to have the advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security, and verifiability through blockchain architecture.

Methods
The blockchain decentralized mechanism was used to build an open and anticounterfeiting information platform for VPs. The contents of a vaccination card are recorded according to international Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) standards, and blockchain smart contracts (SCs) are used for authorization and authentication to achieve hierarchical management of various international hospitals and people receiving injections. The blockchain stores an encrypted vaccination path managed by the user who manages the private key. The blockchain uses the proof-of-authority (PoA) public chain and can access all information through the specified chain. This will achieve the goal of keeping development costs low and streamlining vaccine transit management so that countries in different economies can use them.

Results
The openness of the blockchain helps to create transparency and data accuracy. This blockchain architecture contains a total of 3 entities. All approvals are published on Open Ledger. Smart certificates enable authorization and authentication, and encryption and decryption mechanisms guarantee data protection. This proof of concept demonstrates the design of blockchain architecture, which can achieve accurate global VP verification at an affordable price. In this study, an actual VP case was established and demonstrated. An open blockchain, an individually approved certification mechanism, and an international standard vaccination record were introduced.

Conclusions
Blockchain architecture can be used to build a viable international VP authentication process with the advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security, and verifiability.
Sijori-GT Economic Cooperation for Three Decades: Examining Malaysia’s and Singapore’s FDI Commitments to Riau Islands
Authors: Nazaruddin La Ode , Aulia Qisthina 
Published: April 2022

The Singapore-Johor-Riau Growth Triangle (Sijori-GT) was initiated by the government of Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia in 1989. It took the advantages of complementarities among the involved regions. The peripheral regions were expected to reap benefits and gain spillovers from the extended metropolitan region of Singapore. In the age of 30 years of the growth triangle, many scholars found great progress and challenges of the subregional economic cooperation such as unbalanced development and allegedly weak commitment of the participating countries in Riau Islands. This research has the aim to investigate the tenable commitments of Singapore’s and Malaysia’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Riau Islands. Using statistical data from Indonesia’s Ministry of Investment from 1990 to 2020, this study compared FDI in Riau Islands by origin, and Singapore's and Malaysia's FDI by sector and subsector. The data was analyzed using the independent sample t-test for two-variable comparison and analysis of variance (post-hoc test) for multiple-variable comparison. Finally, this study found that: firstly, investment of Singapore was larger than that of Malaysia in Riau Islands; secondly, Singapore specialized its investment in manufacturing sector having better comparative advantage while Malaysia specialized its investment in non-manufacturing sector with potential assumed capabilities in halal-related sectors. The implication of this research is the importance of provision of competitive policies on industrial land estate prices to attract more investment in Riau Islands and to improve halal-related services to take advantage of domestic halal market and cross-border halal trade.
PROBLEMATIKA PENDAFTARAN PENDUDUK SEBAGAI UPAYA TERTIB ADMINISTRASI E-KTP DALAM LINGKUP ADMINISTRASI NEGARA
Authors: P Firman , Jumadi Jumadi 
Published: April 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan dalam proses implementasi E-KTP dan kendala dalam proses pelaksanaan E-KTP di Kabupaten Bulukumba. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif dan apabila dilihat dari tujuannya termasuk dalam penelitian hukum deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan E-KTP belum terlaksana secara maksimal sebagaimana regulasi yang mengatur. Seluruh masyarakat yang harusnya diwajibkan memiliki E-KTP sebagai identitas diri dan kelengkapan data diri masing-masing. Otomatis implementasi pendaftaran penduduk mengalami penurunan kinerja sehingga memicu efektivas standar operasional pelayanan dan berimbas pada sistem pelaksanaannya yang kurang maksimal. Faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi pelaksanaan E-KTP yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Bulukumba belum mampu mewujudkan Tertib Admnistrasi, belum sepenuhnya berjalan dengan baik diantaranya karena adanya faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam proses pelaksanaannya.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Lingkungan Terhadap Pelaku Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Jamal Ria Khaerani , Erlina Erlina 
Published: April 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui unsur-unsur tindak pidana lingkungan akibat pencemaran sampah elektronik berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup dan untuk mengetahui penerapan sanksi hukum pidana lingkungan terhadap pelaku pencemaran lingkungan akibat sampah elektronik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian normatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data secara studi kepustakaan, terhadap literatur yang relevansi dengan masalah yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah saat ini sampah elektronik (E-Waste) digolongkan dalam bahan beracun dan berbahaya (B3), tidak diatur secara spesifik dalam suatu peraturan. Begitu pula dengan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku pencemaran lingkungan akibat sampah elektronik masih digolongkan dalam sanksi untuk pelaku pencemaran lingkungan akibat bahan beracun dan berbahaya (B3).
Efektivitas Aplikasi Sistem Keuangan Desa (SISKEUDES)
Authors: Arianto A. , Kahpi Ashabul 
Published: April 2022

Efektivitas merupakan unsur pokok untuk mencapai tujuan atau sasaran yang telah ditentukan dalam setiap organisasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan paradigm interpretative. Data diperoleh dengan obsevasi dan wawancara secara mendalam, kemudian diproses tiga tahap yakni reduksi data, penyajian data sampai penarikan kesimpulan, Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan uji credibility, triangulasi sumber data, triangulasi teori dan uji transferability. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Desa Tompobulu dalam melakukan penerapan Aplikasi Siskeudes telah menjalankan secara menyeluruh dan dalam proses pengimputan dan pelaporanya di Desa Tompobulu sudah mekalukan proses pertanggungjawaban yang sudah relevan dan dalam menjalankan aplikasi tersebut namun tidak terstruktur dengan baik karena Aparat Desa Tompobulu masih kurang Sumber daya manusia terkait dengan tugas dari masiing- masing aparatur Desa Tompobulu dalam menjalankan tupoksi masing-masing sehingga sistem pemerintahan di desa Tompobulu masih kurang sebagaimana amanahkan permendagri dan UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 oleh karena itu Desa Tompobulu telah menerapkan prinsip patuh dan taat dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggungjawab serta bersikap adil dalam menyampaikan informasi sehingga semua proses pengerjaan dapat terselesaikan dengan baik yang kemudian penerapan aplikasi siskeudes dapat menghasilkan kualitas akuntabilitas keuangan desa dalam mewujudkan tata kelolah desa yang baik.