bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress on the earthquake early warning and shakemaps system using low-cost sensors in Taiwan
Authors: Mittal Himanshu , Yang Benjamin M. , Wu Yih-Min 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBuilding an earthquake early warning (EEW) network requires the installation of seismic instruments around the seismogenic zone. Using low-cost sensors to build a seismic network for EEW and to generate shakemaps is a cost-effective way in the field of seismology. The National Taiwan University (NTU) network employing 762 P-Alert low-cost sensors based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology is operational for almost the last 10 years in Taiwan. This instrumentation is capable of recording the strong ground motions of up to ± 2 g and is dense enough to record the near-field ground motion. The NTU system has shown its importance during various earthquakes that caused damage in Taiwan. Although the system is capable of acting as a regional as well as an onsite warning system, it is particularly useful for onsite warning. Using real-time seismic signals, each P-Alert device provided a 2–8 s warning time for the near-source earthquake regions situated in the blind zone of the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) regional EEW system, during the 2016 $${{{M}}}_{{{w}}}$$

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w

6.4 Meinong and 2018 $${{{M}}}_{{{w}}}$$

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6.4 Hualien earthquakes. The shakemaps plotted by the P-Alert dense network help to assess the damage pattern and act as key features in the risk mitigation process. These shakemaps are delivered to the intended users, including the disaster mitigation authorities, for possible relief purposes. Currently, the P-Alert network can provide peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), spectral acceleration ($${S}_{a}$$

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a

) at different periods, and CWB intensity shakemaps. Using shakemaps, it is found that PGV is a better indicator of damage detection than PGA. Encouraged by the performance of the P-Alert network, more instruments are installed in Asia-Pacific countries.
Q-value customized versus wavefront-optimized ablation in femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism: a prospective contralateral comparative study
Authors: Mostafa Magdi Mohammad , Abdelmotaal Hazem , Abdelazeem Khaled , Goda Islam , Abdel-Radi Mahmoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Corneal refractive surgery for myopia results in an oblate shift with increased postoperative aberrations inversely affecting the quality of vision. Aspheric ablation profiles have been introduced to minimize such a problem. The aim of this study was to compare changes in corneal asphericity, central and mid-peripheral pachymetry between the Q-value customized and the wavefront-optimized (WFO) ablation profiles.

Methods
A prospective, comparative non-randomized fellow eye study was conducted. Eighty eyes of 40 eligible patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and myopic astigmatism. In each patient, the more myopic eye was included in the custom-Q ablation experimental group and the other less myopic eye was included in the WFO control group. For the custom-Q group, the target asphericity was set to the preoperative Q-value. Corneal asphericity, central and mid-peripheral pachymetric changes and the root mean square of corneal higher-order aberrations (RMSh) were assessed 6 months following surgery. Visual and refractive outcomes were also evaluated in both platforms 6 months postoperatively.

Results
The mean preoperative refractive spherical equivalent was significantly more myopic in the custom-Q group than in the WFO group (P = 0.001). The mean Q-value changed from − 0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.6 ± 0.7 and from − 0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.4 ± 0.5 in the custom-Q and WFO groups, respectively. The oblate shift in corneal asphericity was not significantly different between both treatment groups (P = 0.094). The mean ablation depth at the pupillary center was significantly greater in the custom-Q group (P = 0.011), while there was no significant difference at the mid-peripheral pachymetry (P = 0.256). The RMSh significantly increased in both treatment profiles (P < 0.001) with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.06). The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and the manifest refraction spherical equivalents (MRSE) significantly improved in both treatment groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The custom-Q treatment profile with target asphericity set at the preoperative Q-value achieved comparable outcomes vs. the WFO profile in terms of postoperative corneal asphericity and mid-peripheral pachymetry despite the greater amount of ablation, the smaller optical zone, and the resulting increase in postoperative corneal flattening in the custom-Q group.
Trial registration (Clinicaltrials.gov): NCT04738903, 4 February 2021- Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04738903
Frequency of occurrence and habitat selection shape the spatial variation in the antibiotic resistome in riverine ecosystems in eastern China
Authors: Jiang Chunxia , Chen Haiyang , Grossart Hans-Peter , Zhang Quanfa , Stoks Robby , Zhao Yi , Ju Feng , Liu Wenzhi , Yang Yuyi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Riverine ecosystems are one of the most important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, but the occurrence and controlling factors of ARG distribution in different habitats of riverine ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, a metagenomic approach was used to characterize ARG types and their abundance in different habitats (rhizosphere soil, surface bulk soil, bottom bulk soil, and sediment) of riverine ecosystems in eastern China. Sampling sites were located along different rivers of eastern China, which are geographically isolated. Differences in bacterial communities, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), pattern and intensity of human activities, climate, and other environmental factors at the sampling sites and habitats were expected to affect ARG occurrence.

Results
ARGs were observed with high variations in diversity (44–206 subtypes) and abundance (6.85–105.68 ×/Gb). There were significant south-north differences in ARG occurrence in the same habitat, except for surface bulk soil. And the significant difference was found in ARGs among four southern habitats. South–north differences in ARGs of the same habitat were mainly attributed to the combination of different occurrence frequencies and habitat selections of ARGs. Differences in ARG profiles among the four habitats in the south and the north were both mainly attributed to the different occurrence frequencies of ARGs. Bacterial communities and MGEs (Mobile genetic elements) could account for the observed variance in the resistome of riverine ecosystems across eastern China. The co-occurrences of specific ARGs with bacterial communities and MGEs were more frequent at the northern sampling sites than in the south, and co-occurrence patterns (i.e. ARGs and bacterial communities or ARGs and MGEs) varied between the habitats. Moreover, building land in all habitats, except bulk soils, showed significant positive correlations with ARG abundance.

Conclusion
This study reveals a high variance in the resistome of riverine ecosystems in eastern China and its controlling factors. We appeal to the importance of assessment of ARGs in the riverine ecosystem and the need for future prevention and intervention of ARG spread.
Are flipped classrooms less stressful and more successful? An experimental study on college students
Authors: Aydin Betul , Demirer Veysel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe flipped classroom model, which is a technology-supported model that employs active learning strategies, has been studied many times. However, the effect of the model on psychological variables has not been adequately questioned. In this context, this study aims to investigate the effects of flipped classroom model on the students’ assignment stress and academic achievement. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental study was designed; the pre- and post-test control group model was used. The study was conducted with the participation of 44 undergraduate pre-service teachers for 11-week period in Material Design and Use in Education course. Students' assignment stress was measured with a scale, while their academic achievement was evaluated by considering course success and material development scores. Also, students’ opinions were investigated in the process. The experimental group students followed the courses outside the class through interactive videos, and they completed the given assignments in-class with the group collaboration. On the other hand, the control group students followed the lessons in-class (face-to-face), and they completed the given assignments outside of the class with the group collaboration. Consequently, it was found that the assignment stress of the students in the experimental group decreased more than the students in the control group. In addition, the course success of the students in the experimental group increased more than the students in the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the material development scores of groups. Finally, a significant portion of the students’ who experienced the flipped classroom model, reported positive opinions about the model.
Consolidating food safety measures against COVID-19: a review
Authors: Abolmaaty Assem , Amin Dina H. , Abd El-kader Reham M. M. , ELsayed Alaa F. , Soliman Basma S. M. , Elbahnasawy Amr S. , Sitohy Mahmoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The world is facing an extraordinarily unprecedented threat from the COVID-19 pandemic triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Global life has turned upside down, and that several countries closed their borders, simultaneously with the blockage of life cycle as a result of the shutdown of the majority of workplaces except the food stores and some few industries.

Main body
In this review, we are casting light on the nature of COVID-19 infection and spread, the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in food products, and revealing the threats arising from the transmission of COVID-19 in food environment between stakeholders and even customers. Furthermore, we are exploring and identifying some practical aspects that must be followed to minimize infection and maintain a safe food environment. We also present and discuss some World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines-based regulations in food safety codes, destined to sustain the health safety of all professionals working in the food industry under this current pandemic.

Conclusion
The information compiled in this manuscript is supporting and consolidating the safety attributes in food environment, for a prospective positive impact on consumer confidence in food safety and the citizens’ public health in society. Some research is suggested on evaluating the use and potentiality of native and chemical modified basic proteins as possible practices aiming at protecting food from bacterial and viral contamination including COVID-19.
Prevalence, psychosocial correlates of youths’ suicidal behaviors and perspectives on the phenomena at Zagazig University: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Abozaid Mai Mohammed ElSayed , Aboserea Mona Mostafa , Metwally Safaa Mohammed , AbElkhalek Hanem Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Suicidal behaviors are major public health concerns that affect large numbers of youth, leaving not only the youth but also their parents, family, friends, and peers in constant wailing. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, psychosocial correlates, and perspectives of youths’ suicidal behaviors. A concurrent mixed-methods descriptive study was used in carrying out this study. This study was conducted at Zagazig University, Al Sharkia Governorate. A stratified multi-stage cluster sampling technique was used to enroll 364 youths. Four tools were used to collect quantitative data. They were as follows: The Youth Profile Questionnaire, composed of two parts (socio-demographic data and youth characteristics), the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised Short Form (SPSI-R-SF), and the Short Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). For the qualitative part, focus group discussions were conducted to explore youths’ perspectives on the phenomenon of suicidal behaviors.

Results
Quantitative findings revealed that 25% of the youth participants had a significant risk for suicidal behaviors. Being female, in the first years of practical faculties and having no friends are significantly correlated with suicidal behaviors. Further, the quality of life had a statistically significant negative correlation with suicidal behaviors. Qualitative findings were discussed under one main category: youths’ perspectives about suicidal behaviors (pressure/escaping tool, seeking help/ending pain, attention-grabbing behavior, and stain for life).

Conclusions
According to this mixed-methods study, youths’ suicidal behaviors are prevalent multifaceted phenomena that certain factors have been correlated with. It is suggested that female sex, having no friends, and academic stressors are risk factors for suicidal behaviors. Also, the quality of life was introduced as a protective factor against suicidal behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended to implement prevention and management approaches to realize the complexity of the phenomena of suicidal behaviors among youth; these approaches target the youths themselves (mental health promotion and strategies for coping with stress) and the population (careful media coverage, limit access to suicidal methods, and raise the awareness about mental illness).
The Impact of Intensified CNS-Directed Therapy on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated Without Cranial Irradiation
Authors: Jacola Lisa M. , Conklin Heather M. , Krull Kevin R. , Pei Deqing , Cheng Cheng , Reddick Wilburn E. , Pui Ching-Hon , Jeha Sima 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Findings from St Jude Total Therapy Study 16 (Total 16) showed early intensification of triple intrathecal therapy (ITT) improved CNS disease control for children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at the greatest risk of CNS relapse. We examined the impact of this treatment on end-of-therapy neurocognitive outcomes. METHODS Between 2007 and 2017, 400 (83.5%) of 479 eligible patients treated with Total 16 risk-directed chemotherapy completed protocol-directed neurocognitive testing at the end of therapy. Intensified ITT was defined as ≥ 21 cumulative doses for patients with low-risk ALL (n = 70/194) and ≥ 27 doses for those with standard-to-high risk ALL (n = 81/206). RESULTS Compared with age-normative expectations, the overall group had significantly lower estimated intelligence quotient ( P < .0001), attention ( P = .0051), working memory ( P = .0001), processing speed ( P = .0002), fine motor speed ( P = .0001), and math ( P = .0087). Caregiver ratings of patient functioning showed elevated risk for problems in attention ( P = .0173), executive function ( P = .0001), and adaptive skills ( P = .0001). Among the low-risk treatment group, there were no significant differences between patients treated with or without intensified ITT (all P's >.10). Among patients with standard-to-high risk ALL, those treated with intensified ITT had poorer working memory ( P = .0328) and fine motor speed ( P = .0403), and elevated ratings of inattention ( P = .0189) and executive dysfunction ( P = .0245). In the standard-to-high risk group, females treated with intensified ITT had lower working memory scores. Public insurance status was associated with worse neurocognitive outcomes in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION Standard-to-high risk patients treated with intensified ITT are at moderately increased risk for neurocognitive problems. The findings suggest a threshold effect for ITT exposure, which can inform the design of future clinical trials and approaches to neurocognitive monitoring and intervention.
LBODP011 Pembrolizumab Induced Hypophysitis And Resultant Isolated ACTH Deficiency Presenting As Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency.
Authors: Arora Gunjan , Lising Jannell 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Pembrolizumab is a novel human immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody directed against PD-1 (programmed death receptor 1). It has been approved by the FDA for treatment of many malignancies including breast cancer. Although it has improved survival for many oncological conditions, it has been linked to a variety of endocrinopathies. We present a case of Pembrolizumab induced hypophysitis with isolated ACTH deficiency presenting as secondary adrenal insufficiency.

Case presentation
A 36 year old female with a history of breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and surgery, presented with intractable nausea and vomiting. She reported not being able to keep anything down for 4-5 days and had experienced multiple episodes of non-bilious, non-bloody emesis. She endorsed dizziness, but denied fever, chills, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, or problems with urination/bowel movements. She had been treated with Pembrolizumab with the last dose being 4 months prior to presentation. On arrival, vitals included temperature 98.4 F, BP 104/62 mm Hg, Heart rate 104 bpm, RR 16 with SpO2 100%. Labs were significant for WBC count 3.65 K/uL (3.81 - 8.94), Eosinophils 10.4% (0.1 - 6; she was noted to have eosinophilia prior to presentation), Hemoglobin 11.6 g/dL (11 - 14.9), Sodium 140 mmol/L (136-145), Potassium 3.4 mmol/L (3.4 - 5.1), Glucose 57 mg/dL (70 - 100), Lactate 0.7 mmol/L (0.2 -2), Lipase 23 U/L (13 - 60), Urine HCG negative, Urinalysis negative for nitrites and leukocyte esterase, TSH 1.22 uIU. ml (0.5 -5.7) and AM cortisol 0.4 ug/dL (6 - 18.4). Endocrinology was consulted and further work up was sought: ACTH &lt;5 pg/ml (7.2 - 63) and Cortisol 30 - 60 minutes after cosyntropin stimulation 3.6 ug/dL. Prolactin, free T4, FSH and LH were within normal limits. MRI brain showed a prominent pituitary gland with enhancement and interval loss of posterior pituitary bright spot representing lymphocytic hypophysitis. She was started on Solu-Cortef and her symptoms resolved. She was discharged on hydrocortisone with education on sick day rules for secondary adrenal insufficiency.

Discussion
Adrenal insufficiency secondary to immunotherapy is a rare, emergent and dangerous condition. The key to successful management is early recognition. In patients treated with immunotherapy agents, non-specific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue (which are common adverse effects of chemotherapy) should prompt urgent evaluation with hormonal workup. Evidence suggests that eosinophilia may be an early indicator before the onset of symptoms which was evident in our case. Radio-graphic imaging is helpful for diagnosis. Treatment entails high dose corticosteroids for acute crisis followed by physiological maintenance dosing. Patients should be educated on sick day rules for adrenal insufficiency.
Presentation: No date and time listed
ODP312 Giant Silent Corticotroph Adenoma: Presentation of 3 Cases
Authors: Oliveira Miriam C , Corso Eduardo Raul B , Pereira-Lima Ana Paula S , Rech Carolina GSL , Pereira-Lima Julia Fernanda S , Nesello Alberto C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA) is a T-pit lineage cells-derived tumor without clinical presentation of Cushing's disease and normal cortisol dynamics (totally silent) or elevated ACTH/abnormal cortisol dynamics (clinically silent). SCAs account for 10-20% of silent pituitary adenomas. Giant SCAs (GSCAs), adenomas with a diameter of 4cm or more, are rare cases of pituitary adenomas.

Objective
Present the experience of a tertiary center with GSCAs.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective search of cases with a diagnosis of GSCA in the medical records of a cohort of patients with pituitary adenomas.

Results
We present three patients (two women, with 57 and 65 years) and a man (44 years) diagnosed with GSCA. They presented with macroadenoma associated with mass-related symptoms without clinical stigmas of hormonal dysfunction. Tumors had 4.3-5.1cm in the longest axis. In two cases, the superior tumor growth extended to the third ventricle and in only one there was a cavernous sinus invasion. The cortisol level was in the normal range in all cases; however, dynamic tests were not assessed. One patient had mild hyperprolactinemia, one had central hypothyroidism, and all cases had hypogonadism, and GH deficiency The most prevalent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus. The patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery and, in one case, two re interventions . One patient underwent radiotherapy. One patient was lost to follow-up after surgery and the other cases were followed for 39 and 53 months. At the last visit, one patient showed a 3,5cm lesion persistence and the other had a recurrent giant lesion.

Conclusions
Giant SCAs have severe implications depending on their size and invasiveness, difficult total removal, greater risk of complications, significant incidence of pituitary apoplexy, short time to progression and/or higher recurrence rates after surgery, different therapies requirement including adjuvant radiotherapy, and the possibility to evolve into Cushing disease after years of inactivity. Handling this situation requires a multidisciplinary team of expert professionals, personalized decisions for each patient to minimize damage, and advances in new therapeutic agents.
Presentation: No date and time listed
ODP313 Glucagon-Stimulated Copeptin Measurements in the Differential Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Atila Cihan , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Gaisl Odile , Szinnai Gabor , Vogt Deborah , Werlen Laura 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia is challenging. To date, the most reliable approaches are copeptin measurement after hypertonic saline infusion or arginine, which is a known growth hormone secretagogue but has recently also been shown to stimulate the neurohypophysis. Similar to arginine, glucagon is also known to stimulate growth hormone release, but its effect on the neurohypophysis unknown.

Methods
In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled 22 healthy participants, 10 patients with central diabetes insipidus and 10 patients with primary polydipsia at the University Hospital Basel. Each participant underwent the glucagon test, i. e., subcutaneous injection of 1mg glucagon, and placebo test, i. e., subcutaneous injection of 1 ml 0.9% sodium. Plasma copeptin levels were measured at baseline and 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes after injection. The primary objective was to determine whether glucagon stimulates copeptin and to explore whether the copeptin response differentiates between diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia. Findings: The median (IQR) age of all participants was 27 years (23; 32), 59% were female. In healthy participants, glucagon injection stimulated copeptin with a median (IQR) increase of 7.56 (2.38; 28. 03) pmol/l, while placebo had no effect (0.10pmol/l (-0.70; 0.68); difference: 7.67 (1.98, 27. 09) pmol/l, p &lt; 0. 001). In patients with central diabetes insipidus, copeptin showed no relevant increase after glucagon injection, with an increase of 0.55pmol/l (0.21; 1.65), whereas copeptin was stimulated in patients with primary polydipsia with an increase of 15.70 (5.99; 24.39) pmol/l. Using a copeptin cutoff level of 4.6pmol/l had a sensitivity of 100% (95%CI 100-100) and a specificity of 90% (95%CI 70-100) to discriminate between diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia. Interpretation: Glucagon stimulates the neurohypophysis, and glucagon-stimulated plasma copeptin has the potential to be used for a safe, novel, and precise test in the differential diagnosis of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome.
Presentation: No date and time listed