bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superior properties and behaviour of coatings produced on nanostructured titanium by PEO coupled with the EPD process
Authors: E Lokeshkumar , A Saikiran , Ravisankar B , L Rama Krishna , L V Parfenova , E V Parfenov , R Z Valiev , N Rameshbabu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Surface modification of commercially pure Grade 4 coarse-grained titanium (CG-Ti) and nano-grained titanium (n-Ti) by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and plasma electrolytic oxidation conjugated with electrophoretic deposition (PEO-EPD) processes is reported in the present study. Two different coatings were developed on each CG-Ti and n-Ti in phosphate-based electrolytes without and with the incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles. The phase composition, morphology (surface and cross-sectional), corrosion resistance, surface roughness, and scratch-resistance of the fabricated coatings were thoroughly studied and analysed. The L-929 fibroblast cells were used for assessing the in-vitro cell viability. The L-929 cells cultured on PEO-EPD treated CG-Ti, and n-Ti samples exhibited higher cell growth than PEO treated CG-Ti and n-Ti samples. Among all the PEO and PEO-EPD treated samples, the PEO-EPD treated n-Ti sample showed significantly better corrosion resistance (icorr = 8.85 × 10−7 mA cm−2), lower contact angle (40°), and good adhesion strength (Lc = 29 N), demonstrating the importance of the nanostructuring of the titanium substrate for the properties of the coating. The origin of the discovered enhancement in the properties of the modified PEO coating produced on nanostructured titanium was examined and discussed. After soaking in SBF for 14 days, the PEO-EPD treated sample is wholly covered with apatite layer indicating its good bioactivity
Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties during industrial intercritical quenching and partitioning (IQ&P) processing of a low alloy steel
Authors: Chen Hao , Hou Jinqiang , Zhao Linlin , Zhang Qing , Zhao Yizhe , Chen Zejun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The evolution of the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of a low alloy steel containing 0.09C-2Mn-0.4Si (wt.%) was investigated during the industrial intercritical quenching & partitioning (IQ&P) process. The steel sheet was thermally treated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, x-ray diffraction, etc. Low alloy steel treated with different processes can reach a tensile strength above 900 MPa. A multiphase structure composed of lath martensite, fine ferrite and retained austenite was obtained after annealing at 770–870 °C, and the retained austenite produced a discontinuous transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) effect and coordinated deformation in the tensile strain. The fractions of the textures {111} 〈112〉 and {111} 〈110〉 were found to gradually abate as the annealing temperature increased, while the textures {100} 〈001〉 and {001} 〈110〉 continuously expanded. The recrystallized texture gradually disappears with decreasing quenching temperature, although the fraction of the texture caused by the martensite transformation increases, and the texture gradually changes from {113} 〈110〉 to {111} 〈110〉. The effect of texture and microstructure evolution on mechanical properties was discussed in terms of character and morphology.
Investigation on the roll-to-plate imprinting of metallic surface micro dimples
Authors: Gao Zhaoyang , Zhang Hui , Wen Yufeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Large-area functional metallic surface microstructures have been increasingly utilized in various industrial fields. As an efficient and economical method in fabricating large-area functional metallic surface microstructures, the roll-to-plate (R2P) imprinting process with the flat die was proposed to experimentally fabricate functional micro dimple arrays on the surface of the metallic substrate. The effects of the rolling direction, die cavity aspect ratio, die feature density and grain sizes on the forming results were investigated using pure copper specimens with different grain sizes. The transfer ratio of surface structures decreases with the increase of the die feature density and die cavity aspect ratio, respectively. The flowing differences of material in the rolling direction and transverse directions lead to the inconformity of section profile of formed dimples in the two directions. The depth of dimples in the rolling direction is prominently greater than that in the transverse direction. The depth difference of dimples in the two directions increases with the increase of rolling depth and reduces with the increase of die cavity width. The surface morphology of formed specimens obviously depends on the material flowing direction, grain sizes and rolling depth. The surface roughness, surface roughness scatter and flatness of the formed specimens increase with the grain size. The symmetry of cross sectional micro hardness distribution on both sides of the formed dimple in the rolling direction is poorer than that on both sides of the formed dimple in the transverse direction. The asymmetry of cross sectional micro hardness distribution on both sides of the formed dimple in the rolling direction becomes more prominent with the increase of grain sizes.
Actively compensated precision overlay in a reverse-offset printing system for realizing printed electronics of a large-area and multi-layer structure
Authors: Kang Dongwoo , Kim Hyunchang , Kim Hyuntae , Jo Jeongdai , Lee Taik-Min 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study focuses on developing a way to improve the overlay accuracy of the reverse-offset printing system. Investigations were made into how the overlay error is distorted by the six-DOF position error of the roller during the rolling contact through literature review and finite element (FE) simulations. This means that controlling the motion error actively in MD, CD, and yaw direction between the offset roller and the substrate (or cliché) can be the control knobs to compensate for the overlay errors caused by the six-DOF motion errors during rolling contact. With these control knobs, a novel active and automatic correction algorithm of overlay error for a reverse-offset printing system is proposed. A novel reverse-offset printing system is developed to precisely control the six-DOF motion of the roller and print the patterns with high position repeatability. The core modules for the proposed overlay compensation are also explained. To evaluate the proposed overlay compensation algorithm, an overlay printing test is performed in the developed printing system. With the proposed correction algorithm, the overlay error is converged to 1.9 μm and 2.4 μm in CD and MD, respectively.
Transcriptome analysis method based on differential distribution evaluation
Authors: Meng Yiwei , Huang Yanhong , Chang Xiao , Liu Xiaoping , Chen Luonan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIdentifying differential genes over conditions provides insights into the mechanisms of biological processes and disease progression. Here we present an approach, the Kullback–Leibler divergence-based differential distribution (klDD), which provides a flexible framework for quantifying changes in higher-order statistical information of genes including mean and variance/covariation. The method can well detect subtle differences in gene expression distributions in contrast to mean or variance shifts of the existing methods. In addition to effectively identifying informational genes in terms of differential distribution, klDD can be directly applied to cancer subtyping, single-cell clustering and disease early-warning detection, which were all validated by various benchmark datasets.
Aphasia recovery by language training using a brain–computer interface: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Musso Mariacristina , Hübner David , Schwarzkopf Sarah , Bernodusson Maria , LeVan Pierre , Weiller Cornelius , Tangermann Michael 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aphasia, the impairment to understand or produce language, is a frequent disorder after stroke with devastating effects. Conventional speech and language therapy include each formal intervention for improving language and communication abilities. In the chronic stage after stroke, it is effective compared with no treatment, but its effect size is small. We present a new language training approach for the rehabilitation of patients with aphasia based on a brain–computer interface system. The approach exploits its capacity to provide feedback time-locked to a brain state. Thus, it implements the idea that reinforcing an appropriate language processing strategy may induce beneficial brain plasticity. In our approach, patients perform a simple auditory target word detection task whilst their EEG was recorded. The constant decoding of these signals by machine learning models generates an individual and immediate brain-state-dependent feedback. It indicates to patients how well they accomplish the task during a training session, even if they are unable to speak. Results obtained from a proof-of-concept study with 10 stroke patients with mild to severe chronic aphasia (age range: 38–76 years) are remarkable. First, we found that the high-intensity training (30 h, 4 days per week) was feasible, despite a high-word presentation speed and unfavourable stroke-induced EEG signal characteristics. Second, the training induced a sustained recovery of aphasia, which generalized to multiple language aspects beyond the trained task. Specifically, all tested language assessments (Aachen Aphasia Test, Snodgrass & Vanderwart, Communicative Activity Log) showed significant medium to large improvements between pre- and post-training, with a standardized mean difference of 0.63 obtained for the Aachen Aphasia Test, and five patients categorized as non-aphasic at post-training assessment. Third, our data show that these language improvements were accompanied neither by significant changes in attention skills nor non-linguistic skills. Investigating possible modes of action of this brain–computer interface-based language training, neuroimaging data (EEG and resting-state functional MRI) indicates a training-induced faster word processing, a strengthened language network and a rebalancing between the language- and default mode networks.
Comparative Life History Parameters of Three Stink Bug Pest Species
Authors: Daane Kent M , da Silva Paul G , Stahl Judith M , Scaccini Davide , Wang Xingeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCalifornia pistachios are threatened by several stink bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), including the native Thyanta pallidovirens (Stål) and Chlorochroa uhleri (Stål), as well as the invasive Nezara viridula (L.). In pistachio, control tactics often target specific life stages, which makes knowledge about life histories fundamental to successful IPM programs. For that purpose, life history parameters of these stink bug species were assessed. Nymphal development and survivorship at seven constant temperatures, upper and lower development thresholds, thermal constants, adult longevity and fecundity, and life table parameters were evaluated. No species completed development at 15°C or 35°C. For N. viridula, egg to adult development was fastest at 30°C, whereas for T. pallidovirens there was no significant difference between 27.5 and 30°C and C. uhleri development was similar between 25 and 30°C. Egg to adult survival was highest at 22.5°C and 27.5°C. The thermal requirements as degree-days (DD) to complete immature development were estimated to be 714.3, 370.4, and 434.8 for C. uhleri, T. pallidovirens, and N. viridula, respectively. For C. uhleri, life table calculations produced a value of 56.7 d for mean generation time (To), 24.89 for net reproductive rate (Ro) and 0.057 for the intrinsic rate of increase (r). Thyanta pallidovirens had a To of 39.9 d, a Ro of 81.10 and a r of 0.11. The results are discussed with respect to the improvement of IPM in California pistachios, and the information presented may contribute to the control of these pest species in other ecosystems.
Sampling method comparison of enterococci aerosolization during continuous bubble bursting generation
Authors: Sahwell Peter J , Abdool-Ghany Afeefa , Klaus James , Gaston Cassandra J , Solo-Gabriele Helena M 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
This study examined the water-to-air transfer and viability of the fecal indicator bacteria, enterococci, and compared capture performance of an impactor and aerosol filter. Results show that concentrations of viable enterococci collected by the impactor (70.1 CFU/L) was lower than that using the filter (171.2 CFU/L) at 95% significance. Between the impactor and filter, coefficients of variation equaled 13 and 14%, respectively. Hence, for the collection of aerosolized enterococci in a controlled environment, use of the aerosol filter yielded significantly higher recovery relative to impaction, though equally variable data were collected by both methods. This work confirms that viable enterococci transfer across a simulated air-sea interface and that aerosol filters perform well in capturing viable bacteria. Results from this study are relevant to studies that measure environmentally generated aerosols such as those that occur via wave breaking from sewage contaminated waters.
‘Your most humble servant’: the letters of Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Authors: Anderson Douglas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAntony van Leeuwenhoek's entire output is contained in the hundreds of letters that he wrote from 1673 to 1723. This article discusses the content, features, and circumstances of the letters and their contemporary publishing history, especially in the Royal Society's Philosophical Transactions, as well as a brief history of the project begun in 1932 to publish a complete edition of Leeuwenhoek's letters in Dutch and English translation with linguistic, scientific, and historical annotations.
Gene manipulation in the Mucorales fungus Rhizopus oryzae using TALENs with exonuclease overexpression
Authors: Tsuboi Yuichi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Horiuchi Hiroyuki , Takahashi Fumikazu , Igarashi Kazuaki , Hagihara Hiroshi , Takimura Yasushi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Mucorales fungal genus Rhizopus is used for the industrial production of organic acids, enzymes and fermented foods. The metabolic engineering efficiency of Rhizopus could be improved using gene manipulation; however, exogenous DNA rarely integrates into the host genome. Consequently, a genetic tool for Mucorales fungi needs to be developed. Recently, programmable nucleases that generate DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at specific genomic loci have been used for genome editing in various organisms. In this study, we examined gene disruption in Rhizopus oryzae using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), with and without exonuclease overexpression. TALENs with an overexpressing exonuclease induced DSBs, followed by target site deletions. Although DSBs are repaired mainly by nonhomologous end joining in most organisms, our results suggested that in R. oryzae microhomology-mediated end joining was the major DSB repair system. Our gene manipulation method using TALENs coupled with exonuclease overexpression contributes to basic scientific knowledge and the metabolic engineering of Rhizopus.
Temporal escape–adaptation to eutrophication by Skeletonema marinoi
Authors: Olofsson Malin , Almén Anna-Karin , Jaatinen Kim , Scheinin Matias 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Diatoms commonly set off the spring-bloom in temperate coastal environments. However, their temporal offset may change in regions subject to nutrient enrichment, and by peaking earlier, such populations can maintain their position in the vernal plankton succession. We tested whether the marine keystone diatom Skeletonema marinoi can accomplish this through thermal evolutionary adaptation. Eight geographically separated subpopulations, representing hydromorphologically and climatologically similar inlets displaying a range of trophic states, were compared in a common-garden experiment. At early-spring temperatures, both doubling times and variation coefficients thereof, correlated negatively with the trophic state of the environment of origin, indicating selection for fast growth due to eutrophication. At mid-spring temperatures, the relationships were reversed, indicating selection in the opposite direction. At late-spring temperatures, no significant relationships were detected, suggesting relaxed selection. Subsequent field observations reflected these findings, where blooming temperatures decreased with trophic state. Natural selection thus moves along with eutrophication towards colder temperatures earlier in the spring, favouring genotypes with the capacity to grow fast. The thermal niche shift demonstrated herein may be an evolutionary mechanism essentially leading to trophic changes in the local ecosystem.
Respiratory reoxidation of NADH is a key contributor to high oxygen requirements of oxygen-limited cultures ofOgataea parapolymorpha
Authors: Dekker Wijbrand J C , Jürgens Hannes , Ortiz-Merino Raúl A , Mooiman Christiaan , van den Berg Remon , Kaljouw Astrid , Mans Robert , Pronk Jack T 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile thermotolerance is an attractive trait for yeasts used in industrial ethanol production, oxygen requirements of known thermotolerant species are incompatible with process requirements. Analysis of oxygen-sufficient and oxygen-limited chemostat cultures of the facultatively fermentative, thermotolerant species Ogataea parapolymorpha showed its minimum oxygen requirements to be an order of magnitude larger than those reported for the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. High oxygen requirements of O. parapolymorpha coincided with a near absence of glycerol, a key NADH/NAD+ redox-cofactor-balancing product in many other yeasts, in oxygen-limited cultures. Genome analysis indicated absence of orthologs of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycerol-3-phosphate-phosphatase genes GPP1 and GPP2. Co-feeding of acetoin, whose conversion to 2,3-butanediol enables reoxidation of cytosolic NADH, supported a 2.5-fold increase of the biomass concentration in oxygen-limited cultures. An O. parapolymorpha strain in which key genes involved in mitochondrial reoxidation of NADH were inactivated did produce glycerol, but transcriptome analysis did not reveal a clear candidate for a responsible phosphatase. Expression of S. cerevisiae GPD2, which encodes NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and GPP1 supported increased glycerol production by oxygen-limited chemostat cultures of O. parapolymorpha. These results identify dependence on respiration for NADH reoxidation as a key contributor to unexpectedly high oxygen requirements of O. parapolymorpha.
Work Demands and Cognitive Health Inequities by Race and Ethnicity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gonzales Ernest , Whetung Cliff , Lee Yeonjung Jane , Kruchten Rachel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to chart the scientific literature on the association between workplace demands with cognitive health, and whether race and ethnicity have a direct or indirect relationship between occupational complexity and cognitive health.Research Design and MethodsPRISMA scoping review guided this study. Peer-reviewed articles were drawn from 5 databases. Inclusion criteria were populations aged 18 and older, U.S.-based studies, a comprehensive conceptualization of workplace demands, and cognitive health outcomes. All articles were screened by title and abstract; qualifying articles proceeded to full-text review.ResultsThe majority of studies drew from theories that did not interrogate heterogeneity and minority aging experiences. Consequently, the majority of studies did not include race and ethnicity in their analyses. A small and growing body of research drew from critical perspectives and interrogated cognitive health inequities by race and ethnicity within the context of workplace demands. The association between workplace demands and cognitive health is not linear when race and ethnicity are examined. Emerging evidence suggests interventions to improve substantive complexity among racial and ethnic minorities, and individuals with low education are a promising avenue for intervention research.Discussion and ImplicationsWe discuss integrating emerging theories, such as minority stress and revised social determinants of health frameworks, to sharpen the focus and broaden our understanding on racial and ethnic cognitive health inequities in an emerging area of prevention research. This research can advance our basic understanding of preventable health inequities as well as provide important information for interventions.
Eco-Friendly UV Spectrophotometric Method for Evaluation of Marbofloxacin in Tablets: Stability Study
Authors: da Silva Thayanara Lorrane Alves , Lustosa Isadora Alves , Torres Ieda Maria Sapateiro , Kogawa Ana Carolina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Marbofloxacin (MAR) is an antimicrobial for veterinary use, and it does not have a monograph in an official compendium for the pharmaceutical form in tablets.

Objective
In this context, the objective of this work was to develop and validate an effective, eco-friendly, and indicative of stability method by spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region (UV) for quantitative evaluation of MAR in tablets.

Method
Purified water–ethanol (80:20, v/v) as a diluent, quartz cubette and 296 nm were used.

Results
The method was linear in the range of 3–9 µg/mL (0.9994) with detection and quantification limits of 0.39 and 1.18 µg/mL, respectively, selective in the comparison of standard and sample, precise in intraday (RSD 1.20%), interday (RSD 1.68%), and between analysts (RSD 3.26%) levels, exact with average recovery of 100.39% and robust against small changes in wavelength, diluent concentration, and the use of the ultrasound device. The forced degradation test (sample solutions prepared in 0.1 M HCl, 0.1 M NaOH, and neutral conditions and kept at 60°C during 2 h, and exposure to UV 254 nm lamp at ambient temperature during 2 h) showed that the proposed method is able to assess the susceptibility of MAR.

Conclusions
The method can be reliably applied in routine analysis of MAR in tablets as well as being stable, eco-friendly, effective, accessible, and following the principles of green analytical chemistry.

Highlights
MAR, an antimicrobial for veterinary use, does not have a monograph in an official compendium for final product evaluation. The use of MAR-based products with inadequate quality can leave residues in foods of animal origin and can also contribute to microbial resistance. So, an ecologically correct and reliable method was developed to evaluate MAR in a final product.