bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite Loci Reveal High Genetic Diversity, Mutation, and Migration Rates as Invasion Drivers of Callery Pear (Pyrus calleryana) in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Sapkota Shiwani , Boggess Sarah L. , Trigiano Robert N. , Klingeman William E. , Hadziabdic Denita , Coyle David R. , Nowicki Marcin 
Published: April 2022

Pyrus calleryanaDecne. (Callery pear) is a deciduous tree native to China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. It is a popular ornamental tree in the United States (US) with early spring blooms and vibrant fall color. There are at least 26 cultivars ofP. calleryanaavailable in the US of which “Bradford” is the most well-known. Open-pollinatedP. calleryanaescapees are becoming one of the most common invasive tree species in the eastern United States. Developing better management practices for invasiveP. calleryanarequires detailed knowledge about reproductive biology and genetic diversity of the species, however, little is currently known about genetic variability within those open-pollinated populations. We investigated genetic diversity and population structure of non-cultivated, escapedP. calleryanapopulations within a ∼177 km radius in the southeastern United States. BecauseP. calleryanaexhibits a range of morphological variation with great evolutionary potential, we hypothesized that a high genetic diversity would be manifested among escapedP. calleryana. Using 15 previously developed microsatellite loci, we genotyped 180 open-pollinatedP. calleryanaindividuals that were collected across six naturally occurring sites in Tennessee, Georgia, and South Carolina, United States. Our results demonstrated the presence of a population structure with high genetic diversity, high gene flow, and high genetic differentiation between individuals across collection sites. Our results revealed thatP. calleryanapopulations had differentiated shortly after the introduction to the US, most likely from specimens imported from Asia, consistent with historical records and our prior findings. The high invasive potential of the species is perhaps best underscored by transformation ofP. calleryanaspecimens introduced from Asia into escape populations at continental scale across the United States. Our data also provided novel insight into potential issues that could be problematic for the future asP. calleryanamay pose a potential threat to the economy, ecology, and native biodiversity in invaded areas.
DNA Repair–Related Gene Signature in Predicting Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Lv Min-Yi , Wang Wei , Zhong Min-Er , Cai Du , Fan Dejun , Li Cheng-Hang , Kou Wei-Bin , Huang Ze-Ping , Duan Xin , Hu Chuling , Zhu Qiqi , He Xiaosheng , Gao Feng 
Published: April 2022

Background: Increasing evidence have depicted that DNA repair–related genes (DRGs) are associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of DNA repair–related gene signature (DRGS) in predicting the prognosis of CRC patients.Method: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the gene expression profiles from six CRC cohorts. A total of 1,768 CRC patients with complete prognostic information were divided into the training cohort (n = 566) and two validation cohorts (n = 624 and 578, respectively). The LASSO Cox model was applied to construct a prediction model. To further validate the clinical significance of the model, we also validated the model with Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and an advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) immunotherapy data set.Results: We constructed a prognostic DRGS consisting of 11 different genes to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk groups had significantly worse disease-free survival (DFS) than those in the low-risk groups in all cohorts [training cohort: hazard ratio (HR) = 2.40, p &lt; 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.67–3.44; validation-1: HR = 2.20, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI = 1.38–3.49 and validation-2 cohort: HR = 2.12, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI = 1.40–3.21). By validating the model with GDSC, we could see that among the chemotherapeutic drugs such as oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan, the IC50 of the cell line in the low-risk group was lower. By validating the model with the ccRCC immunotherapy data set, we can clearly see that the overall survival (OS) of the objective response rate (ORR) with complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) in the low-risk group was the best.Conclusions: DRGS is a favorable prediction model for patients with CRC, and our model can predict the response of cell lines to chemotherapeutic agents and potentially predict the response of patients to immunotherapy.
Subjective Birth Experience Predicts Mother–Infant Bonding Difficulties in Women With Mental Disorders
Authors: Junge-Hoffmeister Juliane , Bittner Antje , Garthus-Niegel Susan , Goeckenjan Maren , Martini Julia , Weidner Kerstin 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe subjective experience of giving birth to a child varies considerably depending on psychological, medical, situational, relational, and other individual characteristics. In turn, it may have an impact on postpartum maternal mental health and family relationships, such as mother–infant bonding. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relevance of the subjective birth experience (SBE) for mother–infant bonding difficulties (BD) in women with mental disorders.MethodsThis study used data from N = 141 mothers who were treated for postpartum mental disorders in the mother–baby day unit of the Psychosomatic University Clinic in Dresden, Germany. Patients' mental status at admission and discharge was routinely examined using a diagnostic interview (SCID I) and standard psychometric questionnaires (e.g., EPDS, BSI, PBQ). Both, the SBE (assessed by Salmon's Item List, SIL) as well as medical complications (MC) were assessed retrospectively by self-report. The predictive value of SBE, MC, as well as psychopathological symptoms for mother–infant BD were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.ResultsAbout half of this clinical sample (47.2%) reported a negative SBE; 56.8% of all mothers presented with severe mother–infant BD toward the baby. Mothers with BD showed not only significantly more depressiveness (EPDS: M = 16.6 ± 5.6 vs. 14.4 ± 6.2*), anxiety (STAI: M = 57.2 ± 10.6 vs. 51.4 ± 10.6***), and general psychopathology (BSI-GSI: M = 1.4 ± 0.7 vs. 1.1 ± 0.6**) compared to women without BD, but also a significantly more negative SBE (SIL: M = 79.3 ± 16.2 vs. 61.3 ± 22.9***). Moreover, the SBE was the most powerful predictor for BD in univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses [OR = 0.96*** (95% CI 0.94–0.98) vs. OR = 0.96** (95% CI 0.93–0.98)], even when univariate significant predictors (e.g., current psychopathology and MC during birth) were controlled.ConclusionsA negative SBE is strongly associated with mother–infant bonding in patients with postpartum mental disorders. It needs to get targeted within postpartum treatment, preferably in settings including both mother and child, to improve distorted mother–infant bonding processes and prevent long-term risks for the newborn. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of focusing on the specific needs of vulnerable women prior to and during birth (e.g., emotional safety, good communication, and support) as well as individual factors that might be predictive for a negative SBE.
Identification of Anti-Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 Antibodies in Patients With Encephalitis or Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Xu Kaibiao , Wang Dongmei , He Yan , Wang Shengnan , Liu Guanghui , Pan Yue , Jiang Haishan , Peng Yu , Xiao Fenliang , Huang Yihua , Wang Qiqi , Wu Yongming , Pan Suyue , Hu Yafang 
Published: April 2022

Background and PurposeAn increasing number of autoimmune encephalitis (AE)-associated autoantibodies have been successfully characterized. However, many cases of AE remain unexplained on account of unknown antibodies. The aim of the present study was to identify a novel antibody against collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) in suspected AE patients.MethodsA patient’s serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples tested negative for known AE antibodies; however, strong immunolabel signals were observed in the neuronal cytoplasm of the cortex, hippocampus, and Purkinje cells on rat brain sections. Immunoprecipitation from the rat brain protein lysate, followed by mass spectrometry analysis, was used to identify the targeting antigen. Western blotting and cell-based assay with antigen-overexpressing HEK293T cells were used for antibody specificity, epitope, IgG subtype determination, and retrospective study.ResultsAn antibody against CRMP2, a synaptic protein involved in axon guidance, was identified. The immunostains of the patient’s samples on rat brain sections were eliminated by pre-absorption with HEK293T cells overexpressing CRMP2. The samples specifically immunoreacted with CRMP2, but not with CRMP1, CRMP3, CRMP4, and CRMP5. The C-terminus of CRMP2 with 536 amino acids contained the epitope for antibody binding. The subtype analysis showed that the anti-CRMP2 antibody was IgG4. Furthermore, a screening of 46 patients with neurological disoders and neuro-cytoplasm immunostainings on rat brain sections resulted in the identification of anti-CRMP2 antibodies in a case of encephalomyelitis. The two patients responded well to immunotherapies.ConclusionsThis study discovered that a novel anti-CRMP2 antibody was associated with suspected AE and thus should be included in the testing list for AE.
A Capsid Virus-Like Particle-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Induces High Levels of Antibodies and Protects Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Volkmann Ariane , Koopman Gerrit , Mooij Petra , Verschoor Ernst J. , Verstrepen Babs E. , Bogers Willy M. J. M. , Idorn Manja , Paludan Søren R. , Vang Søren , Nielsen Morten A. , Sander Adam F. , Schmittwolf Carolin , Hochrein Hubertus , Chaplin Paul 
Published: April 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a worldwide pandemic. Here, we present non-human primate immunogenicity and protective efficacy data generated with the capsid virus-like particle (cVLP)-based vaccine ABNCoV2 that has previously demonstrated immunogenicity in mice. In rhesus macaques, a single vaccination with either 15 or 100 μg ABNCoV2 induced binding and neutralizing antibodies in a dose-dependent manner, at levels comparable to those measured in human convalescents. A second vaccine administration led to a &gt;50-fold increase in neutralizing antibodies, with 2-log higher mean levels in the 100-μg ABNCoV2 group compared with convalescent samples. Upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge, a significant reduction in viral load was observed for both vaccine groups relative to the challenge control group, with no evidence of enhanced disease. Remarkably, neutralizing antibody titers against an original SARS-CoV-2 isolate and against variants of concern were comparable, indicating a potential for broad protection afforded by ABNCoV2, which is currently in clinical testing.
Research Trends and Most Influential Clinical Studies on Anti-PD1/PDL1 Immunotherapy for Cancers: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Liu Yanhao , Xu Yan , Cheng Xi , Lin Yaru , Jiang Shu , Yu Haiming , Zhang Zhen , Lu Linlin , Zhang Xiaotao 
Published: April 2022

In this study, a bibliometric analysis was carried out to identify the most influential clinical studies and research trends on anti-programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (anti-PD1/PDL1) immunotherapy. On January 1, 2022, we used Web of Science to identify the 100 most frequently cited papers on clinical studies investigating anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy, and extracted the following data: publication year, source title, country/region, institution, and the total number of citations. The research design and area were classified independently by the authors. Subsequently, we carried out a bibliometric analysis to determine the trends and identify the major journals on anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy. The authors analyzed the current research hotspots based on papers published in major journals from 2020 to 2021. These 100 papers were cited a total of 138,840 times, and the median number of citations was 899.5 (range: 341–7,983). “Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer” by Topalian et al. had the highest number of citations (7,983 times). New England Journal of Medicine had the highest number of top-cited papers (40 papers), average citations per paper (1,558.3 citations), and rate of top-cited papers (65.6%). Authors from the USA contributed most of the papers (76 papers). Lung cancer (30 papers, 46,422 citations) and melanoma (20 papers, 30,881 citations) were the most cited research areas. In summary, anti-PD1/PDL1 has become standard treatment for various cancer, while adjuvant anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy is currently a research hotspot. New England Journal of Medicine was identified as the most influential journal in this area. Non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma are the most well-studied cancers, while nivolumab and pembrolizumab are the most commonly investigated anti-PD1/PDL1 antibodies. Further studies are warranted to identify effective predictive biomarkers or models, clarify the molecular mechanism of combined therapy, and establish optimal therapeutic strategies. This study may assist researchers in obtaining a comprehensive impression of the landscape and current trends in anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy and gain inspiration to conduct further studies.
Prevalence and Outcome of Serum Autoantibodies in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Undergoing Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment
Authors: Romano Ciro , Tortorella Olga , Dalla Mora Liliana , Di Stasio Dario , Sellitto Ausilia , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , Marrone Aldo 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundChronic immune stimulation by hepatitis C virus (HCV) may cause occurrence of several autoantibodies in infected patients, with or without features of clinically overt autoimmune diseases. The recent introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has dramatically changed the natural history of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of DAA therapy on serum autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.MethodsThe medical records of 113 CHC patients were reviewed to assess autoantibody behavior following DAA-directed HCV eradication. Statistical analysis was performed to assess correlations between DAA treatment and autoantibody titers, HCV genotypes, and viral loads.ResultsAnti-nuclear (ANA), anti-smooth muscle cell (ASMA) and anti-mitochondrial (AMA) antibody testing was available in 77 patients; 31 out of 77 patients (40%) had one or more serum autoantibodies prior to treatment. Measurement of autoantibody titers before and after HCV eradication was performed in 20 of 31 patients. DAA treatment significantly affected ANA and ASMA titers, leading to disappearance or reduction of autoantibody titers; conversely, AMA were not influenced by DAA treatment. No correlations were observed between autoantibody specificity and both HCV genotypes and viral loads at baseline. Likewise, serum autoantibody titers were independent of HCV genotypes.ConclusionsDAA-directed HCV clearance may interrupt chronic immune stimulation by removing the drive for autoantibody induction. The isolated persistence of autoantibodies in the small fraction of patients who did not show clearance following DAA treatment may require long-term vigilance.
Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study of 51 Patients
Authors: Zhao Ailin , Yang Jinrong , Li Meng , Li Linfeng , Gan Xinai , Wang Jie , Li He , Shen Kai , Yang Yunfan , Niu Ting 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo investigate clinical characteristics, management, and prognosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (LAHS) patients in real-world practice.MethodsThis was a retrospective, single-center cohort study. EBV-positive LAHS patients diagnosed from January 2010 to December 2021 in our center were enrolled. Clinical characteristics, treatment, overall response rate (ORR), and overall survival (OS) were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis of potential factors were conducted.ResultsOf the 51 patients, 44 were T/NK cell lymphoma; five were B cell lymphoma; two were Hodgkin lymphoma. EBV-positive T/NK cell LAHS patients were significantly younger and showed lower fibrinogen levels and C-reactive protein levels than EBV-positive B cell LAHS patients (P=0.033, P=0.000, and P=0.004, respectively). Combined treatment of anti-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and anti-lymphoma treatment was conducted in 24 patients; anti-HLH treatment was conducted in 18 patients; anti-lymphoma treatment was conducted in three patients; glucocorticoid treatment was conducted in one patient. ORR was 47.8%, and the median OS was 61 (95% confidence interval 47.9-74.1) days for overall patients. Patients who received anti-HLH treatment and turned to anti-lymphoma treatment early displayed higher ORR and OS than those of anti-HLH patients (P=0.103, and P=0.003, respectively). Elevated alanine aminotransferase level was the independent risk factor of EBV-positive LAHS prognosis.ConclusionsPrognosis of EBV-positive LAHS patients was poor. Anti-lymphoma treatment should be initiated as soon as HLH was rapidly controlled.
A Cross-Linked Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-Based Electrolyte for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries With Long Cycling Stability
Authors: Xin Chengzhou , Wen Kaihua , Guan Shundong , Xue Chuanjiao , Wu Xinbin , Li Liangliang , Nan Ce-Wen 
Published: April 2022

A cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolyte with polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate (PAPI) as the cross-linking agent is synthesized by a facile one-pot reaction. The PEO chains are cross-linked by PAPI through the reaction between hydroxyl groups (−OH) and isocyanate groups (−N=C=O). The effects of PAPI on the electrochemical performance of the PEO-based electrolyte and the stability of the electrolyte/electrode interface are investigated. The PEO–PAPI electrolyte has an ionic conductivity of 9.3 × 10–5−1.3 × 10–4 S cm−1 at 60°C. The cross-linked PEO–PAPI electrolyte exhibits enhanced mechanical properties compared to pristine PEO and shows good compatibility with a lithium (Li) metal anode. An all-solid-state Li metal battery (ASSLMB) with the optimized PEO–PAPI electrolyte and a LiFePO4 cathode (1.62 mg cm−2 in mass loading) shows a discharge capacity of 112.8 mAh g−1 after 700 cycles with a current density of 88 μA cm−2 at 60°C. Even with a high mass loading of 8.4 mg cm−2, the ASSLMB with the cross-linked PEO-based electrolyte shows a good cycle performance. The experimental data show that the cross-linked PEO–PAPI electrolyte is a promising candidate for solid electrolytes used in ASSLMBs.
Influence of IOL Weight on Long-Term IOL Stability in Highly Myopic Eyes
Authors: Chen Yuxi , Meng Jiaqi , Cheng Kaiwen , Lu Qiang , Wei Ling , Lu Yi , Zhu Xiangjia 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the influence of intraocular lens (IOL) weight on long-term IOL stability in highly myopic eyes.Materials and MethodsA total of 205 highly myopic cataract eyes of 205 patients implanted with the MC X11 ASP (Group A, 86 eyes) or 920H IOL (Group B, 119 eyes) were included in this retrospective study. Eyes were divided into 3 subgroups according to the IOL power: low (≥-5 to &lt;5 D), medium (≥5 to &lt;14 D), and high (≥14 D) IOL power. At 3 years after surgery, IOL decentration and tilt, high-order aberrations, and anterior capsular opening (ACO) area were measured. The influence of IOL weight on long-term IOL stability was evaluated.ResultsGroup B had a significantly greater IOL weight than Group A (Group B vs. Group A: 28.31 ± 2.01 mg vs. 25.71 ± 4.62 mg, P &lt; 0.001). Correspondingly, Group B presented significantly greater overall and inferior decentration than Group A, especially for low and medium IOL power (all P &lt; 0.05). In both groups, overall and vertical decentration was significantly correlated with IOL weight (all P &lt; 0.05). Group B showed a significantly greater ACO area than Group A (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that decentration in Group A was affected by IOL weight, while decentration in Group B was affected by IOL weight and AL.ConclusionsHigher IOL weight may lead to greater long-term IOL decentration in highly myopic eyes, while the haptic design may play a role in anterior capsular contraction.
Integrated Analysis of Necroptosis-Related Genes for Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity in Colon Cancer
Authors: He Rong , Zhang Meiling , He Lian , Huang Jiabin , Man Changfeng , Wang Xiaoyan , Lang Yakun , Fan Yu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundNecroptosis, is intimately linked to tumor development and prognosis and has been considered as a target for anticancer therapy. However, the role of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in colon cancer is unclear.MethodsIn the present study, we screened 76 NRGs from previous studies and described the landscape of transcriptomic and genetic variation of NRGs in colon cancer (CC) patient samples. Molecular subtypes of necroptosis in colon cancer were identified by clustering analysis, and these molecular subtypes were linked to patient prognosis and TME cell infiltration characteristics. Then, the NRS-score for predicting overall survival (OS) was built based on the TCGA database and validated in the GSE39582 cohort for its predictive power in CC patients. Besides, the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were applied to explore the relationship between NRS-score and tumor immune microenvironment.ResultsWe identified two molecular subtypes associated with necroptosis in CC, which have diverse prognosis and immune microenvironment characteristics. Based on the differentially expressed genes between the two molecular subtypes, we further developed a necroptosis risk score signature, referred to as NRS-score. High NRS-score was associated with poor prognosis in CC through immunosuppressive microenvironment and immune escape mechanisms. The nomogram based on NRS-score showed excellent ability to predict prognosis. In addition, NRS-score presented a positive correlation with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) expression and was closely correlated with multiple anticancer agent susceptibility.ConclusionThis work revealed a close relationship between necroptosis and the prognosis and immune microenvironment of colon cancer. The NRS-score based on the 8-gene signature may be used to predict the sensitivity of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in colon cancer patients, and provides a foundation for future studies targeting necroptosis and its immune microenvironment.