bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A flavor-inspired radiative neutrino mass model
Authors: Julio J. , Saad Shaikh , Thapa Anil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the most important discoveries in particle physics is the observation of nonzero neutrino masses, which dictates that the Standard Model (SM) is incomplete. Moreover, several pieces of evidence of lepton flavor universality violation (LFUV), gathered in the last few years, hint toward physics beyond the SM. TeV-scale scalar leptoquarks are the leading candidates for explaining these flavor anomalies in semileptonic charged and neutral current B-decays, the muon, and the electron magnetic dipole moments that can also participate in neutrino mass generation. In this work, we hypothesize that neutrino masses and LFUV have a common new physics origin and propose a new two-loop neutrino mass model that has the potential to resolve some of these flavor anomalies via leptoquarks and offers rich phenomenology. After deriving the neutrino mass formula for this newly-proposed model, we perform a detailed numerical analysis focusing on neutrino and charged lepton flavor violation phenomenology, where the latter provides stringent constraints on the Yukawa couplings and leptoquark masses. Finally, present and future bounds on the model’s parameter space are scrutinized with exemplified benchmark scenarios.
The four loop QCD rapidity anomalous dimension
Authors: Moult Ian , Zhu Hua Xing , Zhu Yu Jiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The rapidity anomalous dimension controls the scaling of transverse momentum dependent observables in the Sudakov region. In a conformal theory it is equivalent to the soft anomalous dimension, but in QCD this relation is broken by anomalous terms proportional to the β-function. In this paper we first give a simple proof of this relation using two different representations of the energy-energy correlator observable. We then calculate the anomalous terms to three loops by computing the three-loop fully differential soft function to 𝒪(ϵ). Combined with recent perturbative data from the study of on-shell form factors and splitting functions, this allows us to derive the four loop rapidity anomalous dimension in QCD.
The Hasse diagram of the moduli space of instantons
Authors: Bourget Antoine , Grimminger Julius F. , Hanany Amihay , Zhong Zhenghao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hasse diagrams (or phase diagrams) for moduli spaces of supersymmetric field theories have been intensively studied in recent years, and many tools to compute them have been developed. The moduli space of instantons, despite being well studied, has proven difficult to deal with. In this note we explore the Hasse diagram of this moduli space from several perspectives — using the partial Higgs mechanism, using brane systems and using quiver subtraction — having to refine previously developed techniques. In particular we introduce the new concept of decorated quiver, which allows to deal with a large class of unitary quivers, including those with adjoint matter.
Uses of complex metrics in cosmology
Authors: Jonas Caroline , Lehners Jean-Luc , Quintin Jerome 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Complex metrics are a double-edged sword: they allow one to replace singular spacetimes, such as those containing a big bang, with regular metrics, yet they can also describe unphysical solutions in which quantum transitions may be more probable than ordinary classical evolution. In the cosmological context, we investigate a criterion proposed by Witten (based on works of Kontsevich & Segal and of Louko & Sorkin) to decide whether a complex metric is allowable or not. Because of the freedom to deform complex metrics using Cauchy’s theorem, deciding whether a metric is allowable in general requires solving a complicated optimisation problem. We describe a method that allows one to quickly determine the allowability of minisuperspace metrics. This enables us to study the off-shell structure of minisuperspace path integrals, which we investigate for various boundary conditions. Classical transitions always reside on the boundary of the domain of allowable metrics, and care must be taken in defining appropriate integration contours for the corresponding gravitational path integral. Perhaps more surprisingly, we find that proposed quantum (‘tunnelling’) transitions from a contracting to an expanding universe violate the allowability criterion and may thus be unphysical. No-boundary solutions, by contrast, are found to be allowable, and moreover we demonstrate that with an initial momentum condition an integration contour over allowable metrics may be explicitly described in arbitrary spacetime dimensions.
Dynamical Cobordism and the beginning of time: supercritical strings and tachyon condensation
Authors: Angius Roberta , Delgado Matilda , Uranga Angel M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We describe timelike linear dilaton backgrounds of supercritical string theories as time-dependent Dynamical Cobordisms in string theory, with their spacelike singularity as a boundary defining the beginning of time. We propose and provide compelling evidence that its microscopic interpretation corresponds to a region of (a strong coupling version of) closed tachyon condensation. We argue that this beginning of time is closely related to (and shares the same scaling behaviour as) the bubbles of nothing obtained in a weakly coupled background with lightlike tachyon condensation. As an intermediate result, we also provide the description of the latter as lightlike Dynamical Cobordism.
Environmental selection of the cosmological constant and electroweak scales
Authors: Moretti Matteo , Pedro Francisco G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate whether selfish/Goldilocks Higgs models can be extended to accomodate vacua with both the right Higgs mass and cosmological constant. Through the introduction of multiple four-form fields coupled with the Higgs scalar boson we find that both the cosmological constant and the electroweak hierarchy problems can be addressed simultaneously, without inserting the relevant physical scales by hand and avoiding fine tuning. The resulting bounds on the brane charges, the only dimensionful free parameter of the theory, depend on the strength of the four-form scalar coupling and can be of the same order of magnitude as those necessary for a solution to the cosmological constant problem alone via the Bousso-Polchinski mechanism.
On Narrow Operators from $$L_p$$ into Operator Ideals
Authors: Huang Jinghao , Pliev Marat , Sukochev Fedor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is well known that every $$l_2$$

l
2

-strictly singular operator from $$L_p$$

L
p

, $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

to any Banach space X with an unconditional basis is narrow. In this article, we extend this result to the setting of Banach spaces without an unconditional basis. We show that if $$1 \le p,r <\infty $$

1
≤
p
,
r
<
∞

, then every $$\ell _2$$

ℓ
2

-strictly singular operator T from $$L_p $$

L
p

into the Schatten–von Neumann r-class $$C_r$$

C
r

is narrow. This is a noncommutative complement to results in Mykhaylyuk et al. (in Israel J Math 203:81–108, 2014).
The automorphism group of $$NU(3,q^2)$$
Authors: Romaniello Federico , Smaldore Valentino 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLet $$H(n, q^2)$$

H
(
n
,

q
2

)

be a non-degenerate Hermitian variety of $$PG(n,q^2)$$

P
G
(
n
,

q
2

)

, $$n \ge 2$$

n
≥
2

. Let $$NU(n+1,q^2)$$

N
U
(
n
+
1
,

q
2

)

be the graph whose vertices are the points of $$PG(n,q^2) \setminus H(n,q^2)$$

P
G

(
n
,

q
2

)

\
H

(
n
,

q
2

)

and two vertices u, v are adjacent if the line joining u and v is tangent to $$H(n, q^2 )$$

H
(
n
,

q
2

)

. Then $$NU(n + 1, q^2)$$

N
U
(
n
+
1
,

q
2

)

is a strongly regular graph. In this paper we show that the automorphism group of the graph $$NU(3,q^2)$$

N
U
(
3
,

q
2

)

is isomorphic either to $$P\Gamma U(3,q)$$

P
Γ
U
(
3
,
q
)

, the automorphism group of the projective unitary group PGU(3, q), or to $$S_{3} \wr S_4$$

S
3

≀

S
4

, according as $$q \ne 2$$

q
≠
2

, or $$q=2$$

q
=
2

.
Semilinear $$\sigma $$-evolution models with friction and visco-elastic type damping
Authors: Kainane Mezadek Mohamed , Kainane Mezadek Mourad , Reissig Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper we study the global (in time) existence of small data Sobolev solutions to the Cauchy problem for semilinear $$\sigma $$
σ
-evolution models with friction and visco-elastic damping and with a power nonlinearity, namely,
$$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{tt}+ (-\Delta )^\sigma u + u_t +(- \Delta )^\sigma u_t=\big ||D|^au\big |^p,\\ u(0,x)=0,\quad u_{t}(0,x)=u_1(x),\end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

u

tt

+

(
-
Δ
)

σ

u
+

u
t

+

(
-
Δ
)

σ

u
t

=

|

|
D
|

a

u

|

p

,

u

(
0
,
x
)

=
0
,

u
t

(
0
,
x
)

=

u
1

(
x
)

,

where $$\sigma \ge 1$$

σ
≥
1

, $$p>1$$

p
>
1

, and the data $$u_1\in L^m(\mathbb {R}^n) \cap H^{s-2\sigma }_q(\mathbb {R}^n) $$

u
1

∈

L
m

(

R

n

)

∩

H
q

s
-
2
σ

(

R

n

)

with $$s\ge 2\sigma $$

s
≥
2
σ

, $$q\in (1,\infty )$$

q
∈
(
1
,
∞
)

and $$m\in [1,q)$$

m
∈
[
1
,
q
)

. In the power nonlinearity we suppose $$a\in [0,2\sigma )$$

a
∈
[
0
,
2
σ
)

. We are interested in connections between regularity assumptions for the data and the admissible range of exponents p in the power nonlinearity.
Global Stability of the Pluriclosed Flow on Compact Simply Connected Simple Lie Groups of Rank Two
Authors: Barbaro Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We compute the (1,1)-Aeppli cohomology of compact simply connected simple Lie groups of rank two. In particular, we verify that they are of dimension one and generated by the classes of the Bismut flat metrics coming from the Killing forms. This yields a result on the stability of the pluriclosed flow on these manifolds. Moreover, we show that for compact simply connected simple Lie groups of rank two the Dolbeaut cohomology, as well as the Bott–Chern and the Aeppli cohomologies, arises from just the left-invariant forms and we computed the whole Bott–Chern diamonds of SU(3) and Spin(5) when they are equipped with a left-invariant isotropic complex structure.
Suspension fixation of iliac bone grafts under arthroscopy is an effective method for the treatment of unstable bony Bankart disease of the shoulder joint in patients with joint relaxation
Authors: Zhou Peng , Shao HongBin , Zhao MaoSheng , Yang XiaoJie , Hao Zuobin , Chen Zhao , Li Shensong , Zhang Peng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the results of arthroscopic autologous iliac bone graft suspension fixation combined with the Remplissage procedure in the treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocation with bony Bankart lesions and joint hyperlaxity.

Methods
From 2018 to 2020, 22 patients with joint laxity underwent arthroscopic autologous iliac bone graft suspension fixation and Bankart repair combined with the Remplissage procedure due to recurrent shoulder dislocation. Clinical assessment included range of motion (forward flexion, abduction, 90° external rotation, conventional external rotation, adduction, and internal rotation), visual analog scale (VAS) score, Rowe score, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score, and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) score. Post-operatively, the healing of the bone graft was evaluated with computed tomography (CT) scanning.

Results
All 22 patients were followed up for a mean of 19.3 ± 4.1 months. CT imaging showed that the healing time of the bone graft was 6–8 weeks. The patient satisfaction rate was 100%, there were no cases of redislocation, all patients returned to their preinjury training state, and the fear test was negative. At the final follow-up, the UCLA, VAS, Rowe, and WOSI scores were 29.8 ± 2.1, 2.2 ± 0.8, 89.4 ± 4.2, and 482.3 ± 46.2, respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Arthroscopic autologous iliac bone graft suspension fixation and Bankart repair combined with the Remplissage procedure are effective in preventing recurrent instability with joint hyperlaxity. Furthermore, no patient had redislocation.

Level of evidence
IV.
Bayesian modelling of piecewise trends and discontinuities to improve the estimation of coastal vertical land motion
Authors: Oelsmann Julius , Passaro Marcello , Sánchez Laura , Dettmering Denise , Schwatke Christian , Seitz Florian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the major sources of uncertainty affecting vertical land motion (VLM) estimations are discontinuities and trend changes. Trend changes are most commonly caused by seismic deformation, but can also stem from long-term (decadal to multidecadal) surface loading changes or from local origins. Although these issues have been extensively addressed for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, there is limited knowledge of how such events can be directly detected and mitigated in VLM, derived from altimetry and tide-gauge differences (SATTG). In this study, we present a novel Bayesian approach to automatically and simultaneously detect such events, together with the statistics commonly estimated to characterize motion signatures. Next to GNSS time series, for the first time, we directly estimate discontinuities and trend changes in VLM data inferred from SATTG. We show that, compared to estimating a single linear trend, accounting for such variable velocities significantly increases the agreement of SATTG with GNSS values (on average by 0.36 mm/year) at 339 globally distributed station pairs. The Bayesian change point detection is applied to 606 SATTG and 381 GNSS time series. Observed VLM, which is identified as linear (i.e. where no significant trend changes are detected), has a substantially higher consistency with large-scale VLM effects of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and contemporary mass redistribution (CMR). The standard deviation of SATTG (and GNSS) trend differences with respect to GIA+CMR trends is by 38% (and 48%) lower for time series with constant velocity compared to variable velocities. Given that in more than a third of the SATTG time series variable velocities are detected, the results underpin the importance to account for such features, in particular to avoid extrapolation biases of coastal VLM and its influence on relative sea-level-change determination. The Bayesian approach uncovers the potential for a better characterization of SATTG VLM changes on much longer periods and is widely applicable to other geophysical time series.
Direct correlation of MRI with histopathology in pediatric renal tumors through the use of a patient-specific 3-D-printed cutting guide: a feasibility study
Authors: van der Beek Justine N. , Fitski Matthijs , de Krijger Ronald R. , Wijnen Marc H. W. A. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Vermeulen Marijn A. , van der Steeg Alida F. W. , Littooij Annemieke S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatric renal tumors are often heterogeneous lesions with variable regions of distinct histopathology. Direct comparison between in vivo imaging and ex vivo histopathology might be useful for identification of discriminating imaging features.

Objective
This feasibility study explored the use of a patient-specific three-dimensional (3D)-printed cutting guide to ensure correct alignment (orientation and slice thickness) between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology.

Materials and methods
Before total nephrectomy, a patient-specific cutting guide based on each patient’s preoperative renal MRI was generated and 3-D printed, to enable consistent transverse orientation of the histological specimen slices with MRI slices. This was expected to result in macroscopic slices of 5 mm each. The feasibility of the technique was determined qualitatively, through questionnaires administered to involved experts, and quantitatively, based on structured measurements including overlap calculation using the dice similarity coefficient.

Results
The cutting guide was used in eight Wilms tumor patients receiving a total nephrectomy, after preoperative chemotherapy. The median age at diagnosis was 50 months (range: 4–100 months). The positioning and slicing of the specimens were rated overall as easy and the median macroscopic slice thickness of each specimen ranged from 5 to 6 mm. Tumor consistency strongly influenced the practical application of the cutting guide. Digital correlation of a total of 32 slices resulted in a median dice similarity coefficient of 0.912 (range: 0.530–0.960).

Conclusion
We report the feasibility of a patient-specific 3-D-printed MRI-based cutting guide for pediatric renal tumors, allowing improvement of the correlation of MRI and histopathology in future studies.
Life at the periphery: what makes CHO cells survival talents
Authors: Jerabek Tobias , Klingler Florian , Raab Nadja , Zeh Nikolas , Pfannstiel Jens , Otte Kerstin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe production of biopharmaceuticals relies on robust cell systems that can produce recombinant proteins at high levels and grow and survive in the stressful bioprocess environment. Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) as the main production hosts offer a variety of advantages including robust growth and survival in a bioprocess environment. Cell surface proteins are of special interest for the understanding of how CHO cells react to their environment while maintaining growth and survival phenotypes, since they enable cellular reactions to external stimuli and potentially initiate signaling pathways. To provide deeper insight into functions of this special cell surface sub-proteome, pathway enrichment analysis of the determined CHO surfaceome was conducted. Enrichment of growth/ survival-pathways such as the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)–protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT), and RAP1 pathways were observed, offering novel insights into how cell surface receptors and ligand-mediated signaling enable the cells to grow and survive in a bioprocess environment. When supplementing surfaceome data with RNA expression data, several growth/survival receptors were shown to be co-expressed with their respective ligands and thus suggesting self-induction mechanisms, while other receptors or ligands were not detectable. As data about the presence of surface receptors and their associated expressed ligands may serve as base for future studies, further pathway characterization will enable the implementation of optimization strategies to further enhance cellular growth and survival behavior.Key points•PI3K/AKT, MAPK, JAK-STAT, and RAP1 pathway receptors are enriched on the CHO cell surface and downstream pathways present on mRNA level.•Detected pathways indicate strong CHO survival and growth phenotypes.•Potential self-induction of surface receptors and respective ligands.Graphical abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: a meta-analysis
Authors: Masetti Riccardo , Muratore Edoardo , Gori Davide , Prete Arcangelo , Locatelli Franco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract Identification of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) candidates to receive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in first complete remission (CR1) is still a matter of debate. Currently, transplantation is reserved to patients considered at high risk of relapse based on cytogenetics, molecular biology, and minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment. However, no randomized clinical trial exists in the literature comparing transplantation with other types of consolidation therapy. Here, we provide an up-to-date meta-analysis of studies comparing allo-HSCT in CR1 with chemotherapy alone as a post-remission treatment in high-risk pediatric AML. The literature search strategy identified 10 cohorts from 9 studies performing as-treated analysis. The quantitative synthesis showed improved overall survival (OS) (relative risk, 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.24;P = 0.0006) and disease-free survival (relative risk, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.17–1.47;P = 0.0001) in the allo-HSCT group, with increased relapse rate in the chemotherapy group (relative risk, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.07–1.49;P = 0.006). Sensitivity analysis including prospective studies alone and excluding studies that reported the comparison only on intermediate-risk patients confirmed the benefit of allo-HSCT on OS. Further research should focus on individualizing allo-HSCT indications based on molecular stratification and MRD monitoring.
Improving performances of biomimetic wings with leading-edge tubercles
Authors: Moscato Giorgio , Mohamed Jais , Romano Giovanni Paolo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study aims investigating experimentally wing/blade geometries in which the leading edge is modified by the presence of artificial bumps, following examples in nature (“biomimetics”). Specifically, the tubercles observed in humpback whales are considered with a special focus on easy manufacturing and performance improvements, trying to overcome the observed lift coefficient reduction before stall in comparison with a standard wing. To this end, different tubercle geometries are tested, by measuring overall forces acting on the wings and by deriving detailed velocity fields using particle image velocimetry. Measurements indicate performance improvements for all trailing edge tubercle geometries here tested. In addition, the detailed analysis of mechanisms underlying the improvement of performances suggests that a triangular shape of the leading edge combines the advantages of easy manufacturing and improvements of pre-stall behaviour. So far, a simple mathematical model, describing tubercles as delta wings, is presented and verified by experimental data. The objective of the present work is focusing on the basic fluid-mechanics phenomena involved, to show that beneficial effects of tubercles are present even when tubercle details are simplified, in order to couple performance improvement and ease of assembly.
Graphical Abstract
Autonomic dysfunction in progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Baschieri Francesca , Vitiello Maria , Cortelli Pietro , Calandra-Buonaura Giovanna , Morgante Francesca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The degree of involvement of the autonomic nervous system in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has been investigated in several studies, often providing conflicting results. There is a need for a better characterization of autonomic dysfunction in PSP, to enhance our understanding of this highly disabling neurodegenerative disease including patients’ needs and possibly be of value for clinicians in the differential diagnosis among Parkinsonian syndromes.

Methods
We applied a systematic methodology to review existing literature on Pubmed regarding autonomic nervous system involvement in PSP.

Results
PSP reported quite frequently symptoms suggestive of autonomic dysfunction in all domains. Cardiovascular autonomic testing showed in some cases a certain degree of impairment (never severe). There was some evidence suggesting bladder dysfunction particularly in the storage phase. Dysphagia and constipation were the most common gastrointestinal symptoms. Instrumental tests seemed to confirm sudomotor and pupillomotor disturbances.

Conclusions
PSP patients frequently reported visceral symptoms, however objective testing showed that not always these reflected actual autonomic impairment. Further studies are needed to better delineate autonomic profile and its prognostic role in PSP.
Potency of botulinum toxin drugs: test systems and labelling
Authors: Dressler Dirk , Johnson Eric A 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCell-based assays are a novel method to determine potency of botulinum toxin drugs. Manufacturers are working on their acquisition, development and implementation to reduce animal consumption during the manufacturing process. Potency labelling of botulinum toxin drugs differes principally between Ipsen and the other manufacturers. Reference to a uniform international standard would avoid this potentially dangerous situation. However, this has not been demanded by the registration authorities and has not been persued by the manufacturers for decades.