bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tannic acid enhanced the emulsion stability, rheology and interface characteristics of Clanis Bilineata Tingtauica Mell protein stabilised oil‐in‐water emulsion
Authors: Wang Shuya , Zhou Bin , Yang Xinquan , Niu Liqiong , Li Shugang 
Published: May 2022

SummaryClanis Bilineata Tingtauica Mell Protein (CBTMP) was one of the new natural insect protein resources. However, due to its strong surface hydrophobicity and poor emulsion stability, its application has greatly been limited. In this study, Pickering emulsions were prepared by CBTMP–Tannic acid (CBTMP–TA) particles and soybean oil (φ = 50%). The presence of TA significantly increased the zeta‐potential (from −23.5 ± 0.73 to −29.23 ± 0.58 mV) and three‐phase contact angle (from 129.9 ± 4.53° to 87.27 ± 3.20°) of complex, especially the concentration of TA was 0.4 mm. Besides, the stability of emulsions was significantly improved according to the results of the droplet size and static multiple light scattering. Furthermore, rheological properties including viscosity, thixotropy and creep recovery were significantly enhanced, which indicated the formation of a more stable network structure. Interfacial behaviour (Interfacial tension, interfacial film viscoelasticity and diffusion rate) of emulsions was significantly changed, forming a more stable interfacial layer as TA content increased. The CBTMP–TA complex was adsorbed at the interface and the adsorption rate was also mainly affected by the content of TA. The study indicated CBTMP–TA compositions to enhance stability, rheological behaviours and interfacial characteristics, and demonstrated the potential applications of insect protein resources in food emulsion systems.
Varieties of organised decentralisation across sectors in Denmark: A company perspective
Authors: Larsen Trine Pernille , Ilsøe Anna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe decentralisation of European collective bargaining has been subject to much research and IR modelling. However, these studies mainly focus on the implications for national and sectoral bargaining institutions and rarely include a company perspective. Based on cross‐sectional representative survey data among managers and shop stewards in Denmark, this paper offers a fresh perspective on the recent decentralisation process. We explore if company‐based bargaining structures are in place and whether local social partners have utilised these bargaining opportunities across distinct sectors after decades of decentralisation. Analytically, we seek inspiration from Visser's (2016) distinct forms of organised decentralisation and combine these with insights from the broader literature on IR and institutional change. We find that bargaining practices and institutions at company level depend on a combination of provisions for company‐based wage bargaining within individual sector agreements and strong union‐affiliated workplace representation.
Prevalence, severity, and characteristics of medical device related pressure injuries in adult intensive care patients: A prospective observational study
Authors: Saleh Mohammad Y. N. , Ibrahim Eman Ibrahim M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was intended to determine the characteristics of Medical Related Pressure Injury (MDRPI) in adult intensive care patients. MDRIs are recognized as significant and complex health problems among hospitalized patients. Underestimated true scale of the problem is evident because the systematic clinical evaluation of MDRPI occurrence is not part of routine skin assessment among intensive care patients. A prospective approach was used to obtain data of MDRPIs with two weeks follow up to monitor the prevention and treatment strategies. Participants were 329 adult patients from three large referral and teaching centres in Jordan. Data were collected using a screening form that included demographic and clinical characteristics, and a list of medical devices. The primary outcome for this study was MDRPI and defined as a pressure injury (PI) found on the skin or mucous membrane with a medical device in use at the location of the injury (EPUAP, 2019). The patients with MDRPI were followed up for 2 weeks for prevention and treatment strategies. Prevalence of MDRPI was 5.01% (15/299) with 41 injuries, 27/41 (65.8%) were skin injuries and 14/41(34.2%) were mucosal. Most mucous membrane MDRPIs were at mouth/lips and caused by ET tube and meatal orifice caused by foley catheter. Skin MDRPIs were at the nose and caused by NG tube and hands by peripheral intravenous line and arms caused by blood pressure cuff. Inadequate prevention was provided on daily care as only 177 prevention and treatment interventions were provided over 2 weeks for 15 patients. As a growing problem among Jordanian adults in intensive care, MDRPI required the need for effective prevention. About one‐thirds of MDRPIs were mucosal, a finding not previously reported, indicating the need to include mucous membrane assessment with skin assessment when a medical device such as NG and ET tubes or foley catheters are in use. Prevention and treatment interventions provided to patients with MDRPIs were not systematic and based on routine care with no clear guidelines. A consensus has yet to be reached suggesting the need to establish effective prevention strategies for medical device‐related pressure injuries. Future research is recommended to follow up MDRPI prevention and treatment strategies among patients in ICU. We suggest to continue studying the prevalence of MDRPIs and monitoring the location, prevention and treatment of both skin and mucosal MDRPIs.
Preparation, structural, and characterizations of SnO2‐coated TiNb2O7 anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Liang Kai‐Hsiang , Gupta Karan Kumar , Lu Chung‐Hsin , Som Sudipta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSnO2‐coated TiNb2O7 powders were synthesized via the solution coating method in the present research. The SnO2 layers with a thickness of 3–5 nm were homogeneously coated on the surface of TiNb2O7 particles. TiNb2O7 coated with SnO2 of 5 mol% with high Li+ diffusion coefficient delivered the discharge capacity of 319.5 mAh/g, which was 6.6% higher than that of the non‐coated samples. The enhancement of capacity for the coated TiNb2O7 was owing to the low charge‐transfer resistance of 17.5 Ω in contrary to the non‐coated TiNb2O7 (27.8 Ω). SnO2‐coated TiNb2O7 possessed an improved capacity retention of 85.2% at 5 C after 100 cycles, superior to the non‐coated TiNb2O7 (79.8%). On the other hand, the excessive amounts of SnO2 coating led to the reduction in the capacity of the prepared samples. The excessive amounts of SnO2 layers suppressed the Li+ diffusion and increased the charge‐transfer resistance. The obtained results in this study indicated that coating of TiNb2O7 with appropriate amounts of SnO2 significantly improved the electrochemical performance of TiNb2O7.
Effects of input data sources on species distribution model predictions across species with different distributional ranges
Authors: Arenas‐Castro Salvador , Regos Adrián , Martins Ivone , Honrado João , Alonso Joaquim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimA major source of uncertainty in the application of species distribution models (SDMs) is related to input data quality. Citizen‐collected species occurrence data are often used for fitting SDMs when data from standardized and expert‐supported surveys are unavailable. Macroclimate variables are much more commonly used as predictors in SDMs than other sources coming from remote sensing data. Here, we assess the effects of using different data sources (in both response and predictor variables) on SDM performance across a wide range of species with contrasting distributional ranges.LocationIberian Peninsula.TaxonBirds.MethodsA SDM ensemble‐forecasting approach was implemented using bird data from two different data sources: the eBird project and Atlases. We fitted SDMs with three predictor types: macroclimate, remotely sensed ecosystem functional attributes (EFAs) and their combination. Species were grouped in four range size classes. We assessed the uncertainty of model predictions by different evaluation metrics. Generalized linear mixed‐effects models tested the effect on model performance of input data source across distributional range sizes while accounting for different accuracy metrics. Pairwise comparisons between range projections were used to assess their spatial similarity.ResultsData source, size class, predictor and accuracy metric showed significant effects on SDM performance. eBird‐based models outperformed those built with Atlas data for less widespread species. Climate predictors yielded models with the best performance, especially when combined with EFAs. However, the predictor contribution was consistent across bird datasets, being mostly driven by the species range.Main ConclusionsOur models demonstrated the usefulness and complementarity of different input data sources when modelling species distribution across different distributional ranges. These findings highlight the need to integrate different data sources to improve the model predictions at regional scale. Our framework also underlines that model uncertainty should be examined more exhaustively at early stages of the modelling process.
Mesenchymal stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicles containing miR‐378a‐3p inhibit the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease by targeting GATA2
Authors: Li Ping , Zhang Hai‐Yan , Gao Jian‐Zhen , Du Wen‐Qiang , Tang Dong , Wang Wei , Wang Liu‐Hua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study sought to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs‐EVs) carrying microRNA‐378a‐3p (miR‐378a‐3p) could affect the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by regulating the GATA‐binding protein 2 (GATA2)/aquaporin‐4 (AQP4)/peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPAR‐α) axis. Initially, colon mucosa biopsy tissues were harvested from healthy controls and patients with IBD for qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. EVs harvested from MSCs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to stimulate the M064 cells to establish an in vitro inflammation cell model. Besides, 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid intracolon administration was performed to establish in vivo IBD mouse models. After loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays, the regulatory role of MSCs‐derived EVs loaded with manipulated miR‐378a‐3p in IBD in relation to GATA2/AQP4/PPAR‐α were explored. Upregulation of GATA2 was identified in the colon tissue of IBD patients. GATA2, which was a target gene of miR‐378a‐3p, transcriptionally upregulated AQP4. After silencing of GATA2, LPS‐induced apoptosis of M064 cells was reduced by the downregulation of AQP4. Decreased AQP4 contributed to PPAR‐α pathway inactivation and weakened the LPS‐induced apoptosis of M064 cells. MSCs‐EVs delivering miR‐378a‐3p suppressed the GATA2/AQP4/PPAR‐α pathway, which reduced LPS‐induced apoptosis of M064 cells and the occurrence of IBD in mice. Altogether, the current study illustrated that MSCs‐EVs transfer miR‐378a‐3p to reduce the GATA2 expression, which downregulates AQP4 to block the PPAR‐α signalling pathway, thus suppressing the occurrence of IBD.
Whole‐exome sequencing identified novel variants in CPLANE1 that causes oral‐facial‐digital syndrome Ⅵ by inducing primary cilia abnormality
Authors: Qian Wen , Liu Xinlei , Wang Zhengrong , Xu Yongjie , Zhang Jingzhi , Li Haizhi , Zhong Qiang , Li Chengcheng , Zhu Liying , Zhou Zunlun , Pan Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOral‐facial‐digital syndrome (OFDS) is a multisystemic ciliopathic disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. OFDS usually manifests with typical craniofacial anomalies and variable occurrence of polydactyly. Germline variants in CPLANE1 cause OFDS VI. In this study, we investigated a 26‐year‐old Chinese female patient who was 23+1 weeks pregnant. She had a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes with multiple foetal malformations. We performed ultrasonography and identified the foetus as having a posterior fossa Blake cyst and postaxial polydactyly. The patient decided to terminate her pregnancy, and further genetic molecular analysis was performed. We identified the aborted foetus as having postaxial polydactyly. Whole‐exome sequencing identified a missense variant (c.3599C>T, p.A1200V) in exon 20 and a c.834+1G>T variant in exon 7 of CPLANE1 (NM_023073.3) in the foetus. Sanger sequencing confirmed that these variants came from the parents of the foetus. In this study, we investigated a family with OFDS VI through genetic testing and bioinformatics analysis, which provided powerful help for prenatal diagnosis. Then, we demonstrated that the cell migration rate and the number of cilia were decreased after interference with CPLANE1 expression in NIH/3T3 cells. After CPLANE1 knockdown, the Hh signalling pathway was inhibited, and the Hh pathway activator SAG reversed the inhibitory effect. This is the first report of a family with OFDS VI in the Chinese population.
Evolution of sex allocation plasticity in a hermaphroditic flatworm genus
Authors: Singh Pragya , Schärer Lukas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSex allocation theory in simultaneous hermaphrodites predicts that optimal sex allocation is influenced by local sperm competition, which occurs when related sperm compete to fertilize a given set of eggs. Different factors, including the mating strategy and the ability to self‐fertilize, are predicted to affect local sperm competition and hence the optimal SA. Moreover, since the local sperm competition experienced by an individual can vary temporally and spatially, this can favour the evolution of sex allocation plasticity. Here, using seven species of the free‐living flatworm genus Macrostomum, we document interspecific variation in sex allocation, but neither their mating strategy nor their ability to self‐fertilize significantly predicted sex allocation among these species. Since we also found interspecific variation in sex allocation plasticity, we further estimated standardized effect sizes for plasticity in response to (i) the presence of mating partners (i.e. in isolation vs. with partners) and (ii) the strength of local sperm competition (i.e. in small vs. large groups). We found that self‐fertilization predicted sex allocation plasticity with respect to the presence of mating partners, with plasticity being lower for self‐fertilizing species. Finally, we showed that interspecific variation in sex allocation is higher than intraspecific variation due to sex allocation plasticity. Our study suggests that both sex allocation and sex allocation plasticity are evolutionarily labile, with self‐fertilization predicting the latter in Macrostomum.
Association between irritable bowel syndrome and micronutrients: A systematic review
Authors: Bek Schin , Teo Yao Neng , Tan Xin‐Hui , Fan Kristie H R , Siah Kewin Tien Ho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent disorder of gut brain interaction with a multifactorial etiology. Food trigger avoidance is common among individuals with IBS and exclusion diets are gaining popularity. However, recent guidelines on IBS management cautioned regarding the use of unsupervised dietary therapy with concerns of development of poor eating habits and even nutritional deficiencies. We aimed to review the available literature on the effect of habitual and exclusion diets on micronutrient status as well as the role of micronutrient supplementation in alleviating IBS symptoms.MethodsFour electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science) were searched for articles that reported micronutrient data in patients with IBS. Serum micronutrient levels and dietary intake of micronutrients in patients with IBS were collected. The extracted data were tabulated and organized by micronutrient type to observe for trends.ResultsTwenty‐six articles were included in this systematic review (12 interventional and 14 observational studies). Studies showed that generally IBS subjects had lower levels of vitamin B2, vitamin D, calcium, and iron at baseline compared with non‐IBS subjects. Studies also found that exclusion diets were associated with lower intake of micronutrients especially vitamin B1, B2, calcium, iron, and zinc. There was a lack of interventional studies on micronutrients.ConclusionIrritable bowel syndrome patients are at risk of developing multiple micronutrient deficiencies that may have both localized gastrointestinal as well as systemic effects. Dietary management of IBS patients should include a proper dietitian review to ensure nutritional adequacy where possible.
Medicare spending associated with a dementia diagnosis among older adults
Authors: Hoffman Geoffrey J. , Maust Donovan T. , Harris Melissa , Ha Jinkyung , Davis Matthew A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundOver 6 million Americans have Alzheimer's Disease or Related Dementia (ADRD) but whether spikes in spending surrounding a new diagnosis reflect pre‐diagnosis morbidity, diagnostic testing, or treatments for comorbidities is unknown.MethodsWe used the 1998–2018 Health and Retirement Study and linked Medicare claims from older (≥65) adults to assess incremental quarterly spending changes just before versus just after a clinical diagnosis (diagnosis cohort, n = 2779) and, for comparative purposes, for a cohort screened as impaired based on the validated Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) (impairment cohort, n = 2318). Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Spending patterns were examined separately by sex, race, education, dual eligibility, and geography.ResultsAmong the diagnosis cohort, mean (SD) overall spending was $4773 ($9774) per quarter – 43% of which was spending on hospital care ($2048). In adjusted analyses, spending increased by $8400 (p < 0.001), or 156%, from $5394 in the quarter prior to $13,794 in the quarter including the diagnosis. Among the cohort in which impairment was incidentally detected using the TICS, adjusted spending did not change from just before to after detection of impairment, from $2986 before and $2962 after detection (p = 0.90). Incremental spending changes did not differ by sex, race, education, dual eligibility, or geography.ConclusionLarge, transient spending increases accompany an ADRD diagnosis that may not be attributed to impairment or changes in functional status due to dementia. Further study may help reveal how treatment for comorbidities is associated with the clinical diagnosis of dementia, with potential implications for Medicare spending.
Mothering in the streets: Familial adaptation strategies of street‐identified Black American mothers
Authors: Hitchens Brooklynn K. , Aviles Ann M. , McCallops Kathleen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveUsing components of the Family Adjustment and Adaptation Response Model, Critical Race Feminism, and Sites of Resilience, this study explored how street‐identified Black American mothers engage in street life, while juggling the pressures of childrearing, family, and home life within a distressed, urban Black community.BackgroundStreet‐identified Black American mothers are vilified for their intersecting identities of being Black women who are experiencing poverty, and who may also be involved in illegal activity. Black mothers are disproportionately represented in the criminal legal system, but existing research has inadequately examined how street‐identified Black mothers “do” family in the confines of structural violence.MethodWe addressed this gap by analyzing interview data with 39 street‐identified Black American mothers ages 18 to 54. Data were collected using street participatory action research.ResultsWe identified a typology of three adaptive mothering strategies employed by street‐identified Black women as they respond to and cope with violent structural conditions shaping their mothering: constrained mothering, racialized mothering, and aspirational mothering.ConclusionsFindings suggested that these strategies were developed in response to an overarching carceral apparatus, of which these mothers were tasked with avoiding when possible and confronting when necessary. Their mothering strategies were shaped by a collective, Black American cultural identity and worldview, and the mothers possessed a unique way of perceiving the world as criminalized subjects with disproportionate proximity to the punitive state.
Take it from the Top: How Intensity ofTMTJoint Problem Solving and Levels of Interdependence Influence Quality of Strategy Implementation Coordination and Firm Performance
Authors: Mistry Sal , Kirkman Bradley L. , Hitt Michael A. , Barrick Murray R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite the belief that strategy implementation begins at the very top of a firm, there remains an inadequate understanding about top management teams' (TMTs) involvement in the strategy implementation process. Building upon and extending strategic leadership theory, we develop and empirically test a theoretical model of the interactive effects of the intensity of TMT joint problem solving and level of TMT interdependence on quality of TMT strategy implementation coordination and firm performance. Using data collected from TMTs in 83 firms, our results show that the: intensity of TMT joint problem solving is positively related to quality of TMT strategy implementation coordination; interaction between the intensity of TMT joint problem solving and the level of TMT interdependence attenuates the positive influence of each on quality of TMT strategy implementation coordination, demonstrating a substitution effect; and, quality of TMT strategy implementation coordination mediates the relationship between the interaction and firm performance.
Trends in Secondary School Practices Related to Violence Prevention, 2012‐2018
Authors: Adhia Avanti , Schleimer Julia P. , Mazza James 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchools are important venues for addressing interpersonal violence among youth. However, it is unclear to what extent school violence prevention practices have been implemented across states and over time. This study examined trends in the percentage of US secondary schools that engaged in practices related to violence prevention (eg, bullying, fighting, dating violence) across 33 states.METHODSWith representative data from 4 waves (2012‐2018) of School Health Profiles, we used logistic regression to examine change over time of 5 practices related to violence prevention in school‐based settings: professional development for health education teachers (received and would like to receive); increasing student knowledge; and teaching healthy and respectful relationships in grades 6‐8 and grades 9‐12.RESULTSTwo practices had rates of adoption >90% across years (tried to increase student knowledge on violence prevention and taught healthy and respectful relationship in grades 9‐12). Adoption of professional development on violence prevention for health education teachers was lowest (53%‐61% across years). For all practices, most states experienced no change in the percentage of schools implementing violence prevention practices from 2012 to 2018.CONCLUSIONEducation about healthy relationships in middle school and professional development on violence prevention for health education teachers are needed.