bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plate‐Locking, Uncertainty Estimation and Spatial Correlations Revealed With a Bayesian Model Selection Method: Application to the Central Chile Subduction Zone
Authors: Becerra‐Carreño V. , Crempien J. G. F. , Benavente R. , Moreno M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInversions of geodetic data are regularly used to estimate interseismic locking in subduction zones. However, the ill‐posed nature of these problems motivates us to include prior information, physically consistent with processes of the subduction seismic cycle. To deal with model instabilities, we present an inversion method to estimate both plate‐locking and model uncertainties by inverting Global Navigation Satellite System derived velocities based on a Bayesian model selection scheme. Our method allows us to impose positivity constraints via a multivariate folded‐normal distribution, with a specified covariance matrix. Model spatial correlations are explored and ranked to find models that best explain the observed data and for a better understanding of locking models. This approach searches for hyperparameters of the prior joint multivariate probability density function (PDF) of model parameters that minimize the Akaike Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC). To validate our approach, we invert synthetic displacements from analytic models, yielding satisfactory results. We then apply the method to estimate the plate‐locking in Central Chile (28°–39°S) and its relation to the coseismic slip distribution of earthquakes with magnitudes Mw > 8.0, on the subduction zone since 2010. We also search among different prior PDFs for a single ductile‐fragile limit depth. Our results confirms a spatial correlation between locked asperities and the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule and 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake rupture zones. The robustness of our locking model shows potential to improve future seismic and tsunami hazard estimations.
Third‐Order Padé Thermoelastic Constants of Solid Rocks
Authors: Yang Jian , Fu Li‐Yun , Fu Bo‐Ye , Deng Wubing , Han Tongcheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClassical third‐order thermoelastic constants are generally derived from the theory of small‐amplitude acoustic waves in isotropic materials during heat treatments. Investigating higher‐order thermoelastic constants for higher temperatures is challenging owing to the involvement of the number of unknown parameters. These Taylor‐type thermoelastic constants from the classical thermoelasticity theory are formulated based on the Taylor series of the Helmholtz free energy density for preheated crystals. However, these Taylor‐type thermoelastic models are limited even at low temperatures in characterizing the temperature‐dependent velocities of elastic waves in solid rocks as a polycrystal compound of different mineral lithologies. Thus, we propose using the Padé rational function to the total thermal strain energy function. The resulting Padé thermoelastic model gives a reasonable theoretical prediction for acoustic velocities of solid rocks at a higher temperature. We formulate the relationship between the third‐order Padé thermoelastic constants and the corresponding higher‐order Taylor thermoelastic constants with the same accuracy. Two additional Padé coefficients and can be calculated using the second‐, third‐, and fourth‐order Taylor thermoelastic constants associated with the Brugger's constants, which are consistent with those obtained by fitting the experimental data of polycrystalline material. The third‐order Padé thermoelastic model (with four constants) is validated by the fourth‐order Taylor thermoelastic prediction (with six constants) with ultrasonic measurements for polycrystals (olivine samples) and solid rocks (sandstone, granite, and shale). The results demonstrate that the third‐order Padé thermoelastic model can characterize thermally induced velocity changes more accurately than the conventional third‐order Taylor thermoelastic prediction (with four constants), especially for solid rocks at high temperatures. The Padé approximation could be considered a more accurate and universal model in describing thermally induced velocity changes for polycrystals and solid rocks.
Surface Potential Gradients and NEXRAD Radar Reflectivities Before the Onset of Lightning at the KSC‐ER
Authors: Handel S. C. , Cummins K. L. , Krider E. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMeasurements provided by Next Generation Weather Radar and operational thunderstorm monitoring instruments at the Kennedy Space Center and the Air Force Eastern Range have been examined to determine the initial electrical development of 13 isolated, air mass thunderstorms. The same instruments were used to examine the surface potential gradient prior to and following 13 long, horizontal discharges that propagated into the area. The motivation and primary objective for this work was to evaluate the safety of the existing lightning‐related launch constraints associated with surface potential gradient and precipitation radar measurements. The onset of cloud electrification as seen by a large‐area surface electric field mill network was detected 3.7–14.6 min before the first lightning discharge, with lead‐times that depended on proximity to the storm. In 11 of 13 cases, the first detectable field change was a positive excursion in potential gradient close to the storm, likely indicating initial development of lower positive charge. Lead‐times for the radar‐derived cloud tops (0 dBZ) reaching −20°C were longer than those for early electrification in all but two cases. Surface potential gradients above +500 V/m or below −100 V/m “warning thresholds” were exceeded before the first lightning flash in all cases. Radar reflectivities >35 dBZ above the −10°C level provided 3–14 min of lead time for lightning. Potential gradients just prior to and near long horizontal discharges exceeded 3 kV/m at most sites and were typically positive. Measurements at a single field mill site would not have provided adequate warning.
Protracted Hydrogeological Activity in Arabia Terra, Mars: Evidence From the Structure and Mineralogy of the Layered Deposits of Becquerel Crater
Authors: Schmidt G. , Luzzi E. , Rossi A. P. , Pondrelli M. , Apuzzo A. , Salvini F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe formation of layered mounds on Mars remains a major topic of debate, with the relationship between their deposition and chemical alteration a major aspect still to be constrained. The association these deposits have with hydrated minerals indicates aqueous processes were active in their past, however the extent and duration of this aqueous period has yet to be fully realized. We studied compositional, stratigraphical, and structural characteristics of two separate layered deposits within Becquerel crater, Arabia Terra, to constrain their origins and the intensity of past aqueous activity. We find that due to key differences in composition, layering, and deformation between the two deposits, the timing of important depositional changes within Becquerel can be identified. We propose a scenario involving differences in fluid expulsion intensity and water level between the two layered deposits, in which diverse depositional and post‐depositional environments were able to form. Furthermore, internal collapsing and deformation of the main mound might reflect that fluid upwelling persisted below the mound after formation. Determining the relationship between these two deposits is an important step in unraveling the past climate of Arabia Terra, and more broadly Mars. The evidence of protracted fluid expulsion represents a unique opportunity for future missions searching for signs of past life.
Quantifying Coastal Storm Impacts Using a New Cumulative Storm Impact Index (CSII) Model: Application Along the Virginia Coast, USA
Authors: Fenster M. S. , Dominguez R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new empirical model, called the cumulative storm impact index (CSII), that quantifies the impact of coastal storms on sandy beaches. The new model utilizes user‐defined storm data to incorporate both individual storm magnitude and the cumulative effect of successive storms into an index, which is a proxy for beach erosion at a given time. Applying this model to long‐term water‐level data from a Virginia tide gauge showed that the greatest storm impact resulted not from the larger individual storms, such as the Ash Wednesday nor'easter of 1962, the “Perfect Storm” of 1991, or Hurricane Sandy of 2012, but rather from especially stormy winter seasons that occurred during the twenty‐first century. Additionally, the CSII model uncovered a trend—not detectable by single storm impact analyses—toward greater storm impacts, which began c. 1980 and continued to the present day. Finally, comparative analyses using wave power as a storm index shows CSII can capture decadal or seasonal scale storminess. We expect this model to have utility in many areas of the coastal sciences and engineering, including developing holistic response models, quantifying erosion potential at other locations, and managing coastal ecosystems.
Manx Arrays: Perfect Non‐Redundant Interferometric Geometries
Authors: McKay D. , Grydeland T. , Gustavsson B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInterferometry applications (e.g., radio astronomy) often wish to optimize the placement of the interferometric elements. One such optimal criterion is a uniform distribution of non‐redundant element spacings (in both distance and position angle). While large systems, with many elements, can rely on saturating the sample space, and disregard “wasted” sampling, small arrays with only a few elements are more critical, where a single element can represent a significant fraction of the overall cost. This paper defines a “perfect array” as a mathematical construct having uniform and complete element spacings within a circle of radius equal to the maximum element spacing. Additionally, the largest perfect non‐redundant array, comprising six elements, is presented. The geometry is described, along with the properties of the layout and situations where it would be of significant benefit to array application and non‐redundant masking designs.
Immunoglobulin superfamily 9 (IGSF9) is trans-activated by p53, inhibits breast cancer metastasis via FAK
Authors: Li Yaohua , Deng Yiran , Zhao Yannan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Si , Zhang Li , Wang Biyun , Xu Yingying , Chen She 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetastasis of breast cancer represents the major reason for its poor prognosis, leading to high mortality. In breast cancer, a tumor suppressor gene TP53 is commonly mutated. TP53 mutation leads to an altered expression of various genes, an event that is associated with aggressive tumor and is a strong independent marker for survival. In this study, we identified a novel p53 target gene, immunoglobulin superfamily 9 (IGSF9). IGSF9 is generally down-regulated in breast cancer tissues. Loss of IGSF9 is associated with frequent metastasis and poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Wild-type p53, but not R175H mutant, trans-activates the transcription of IGSF9 via binding to its promoter (−137 to −131 bp), inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), consequently the inhibition of breast cancer cells migration and invasion. IGSF9 interacts with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and inhibits FAK/AKT signaling activity. PND1186, FAK inhibitor, inhibits breast cancer metastasis induced by IGSF9 knockdown in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, IGSF9 is trans-activated by p53 and inhibits breast cancer metastasis by modulating FAK/AKT signaling pathway. IGSF9 could serve as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Acute sleep loss increases CNS health biomarkers and compromises the ability to stay awake in a sex-and weight-specific manner
Authors: van Egmond Lieve T. , Bukhari Shervin , Benedet Andrea Lessa , Ashton Nicholas J. , Meth Elisa M. S. , Boukas Alexander , Engström Joachim , Ilemosoglou Maria , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Benedict Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNight shift work impairs vigilance performance, reduces the ability to stay awake, and compromises brain health. To investigate if the magnitude of these adverse night shift work effects differs between sexes and weight groups, 47 men and women with either normal weight or obesity participated in one night of sleep and one night of total sleep loss. During the night of sleep loss, participants’ subjective sleepiness, vigilance performance, and ability to stay awake during 2-min quiet wake with eyes closed were repeatedly assessed. In addition, blood was collected in the morning after sleep loss and sleep to measure central nervous system (CNS) health biomarkers. Our analysis showed that women were sleepier during the night of sleep loss (P < 0.05) and spent more time in microsleep during quiet wake testing (P < 0.05). Finally, higher blood levels of neurofilament light chain, a biomarker of axonal damage, were found among women in the morning after sleep loss (P < 0.002). Compared with normal-weight subjects, those with obesity were more prone to fall asleep during quiet wake (P < 0.05) and exhibited higher blood levels of the CNS health biomarker pTau181 following sleep loss (P = 0.001). Finally, no differences in vigilance performance were noted between the sex and weight groups. Our findings suggest that the ability to stay awake during and the CNS health biomarker response to night shift work may differ between sexes and weight groups. Follow-up studies must confirm our findings under more long-term night shift work conditions.
Social defeat drives hyperexcitation of the piriform cortex to induce learning and memory impairment but not mood-related disorders in mice
Authors: Wang Hanjie , Li Fang , Zheng Xuefeng , Meng Lianghui , Chen Meiying , Hui Yuqing , Li Yifei , Xie Keman , Zhang Jifeng , Guo Guoqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClinical studies have shown that social defeat is an important cause of mood-related disorders, accompanied by learning and memory impairment in humans. The mechanism of mood-related disorders has been widely studied. However, the specific neural network involved in learning and memory impairment caused by social defeat remains unclear. In this study, behavioral test results showed that the mice induced both learning and memory impairments and mood-related disorders after exposure to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). c-Fos immunofluorescence and fiber photometry recording confirmed that CaMKIIα expressing neurons of the piriform cortex (PC) were selectively activated by exposure to CSDS. Next, chemogenetics and optogenetics were performed to activate PC CaMKIIα expressing neurons, which showed learning and memory impairment but not mood-related disorders. Furthermore, chemogenetic inhibition of PC CaMKIIα expressing neurons significantly alleviated learning and memory impairment induced by exposure to CSDS but did not relieve mood-related disorders. Therefore, our data suggest that the overactivation of PC CaMKIIα expressing neurons mediates CSDS-induced learning and memory impairment, but not mood-related disorders, and provides a potential therapeutic target for learning and memory impairment induced by social defeat.
Maternal diabetes and childhood cancer risks in offspring: two population-based studies
Authors: Huang Xiwen , Hansen Johnni , Lee Pei-Chen , Wu Chia-Kai , Federman Noah , Arah Onyebuchi A. , Li Chung-Yi , Olsen Jorn , Ritz Beate , Heck Julia E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The effect of maternal diabetes on childhood cancer has not been widely studied.

Methods
We examined this in two population-based studies in Denmark (N = 6420 cancer cases, 160,484 controls) and Taiwan (N = 2160 cancer cases, 2,076,877 non-cases) using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for birth year, child’s sex, maternal age and birth order.

Results
Gestational diabetes in Denmark [odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–1.35] or type II and gestational diabetes in Taiwan (type II: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.63–1.05; gestational diabetes: HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92–1.22) were not associated with cancer (all types combined). In Denmark, maternal type I diabetes was associated with the risk of glioma (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.04–5.22), while in Taiwan, the risks of glioma (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.01–2.50) were elevated among children whose mothers had gestational diabetes. There was a twofold increased risk for hepatoblastoma with maternal type II diabetes (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.02–4.00).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that maternal diabetes is an important risk factor for certain types of childhood cancers, emphasising the need for effective interventions targeting maternal diabetes to prevent serious health effects in offspring.
Shallow WGS of individual CTCs identifies actionable targets for informing treatment decisions in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Fernandez-Garcia Daniel , Nteliopoulos Georgios , Hastings Robert K. , Rushton Amelia , Page Karen , Allsopp Rebecca C. , Ambasager Bana , Gleason Kelly , Guttery David S. , Ali Simak , Charles Coombes R. , Shaw Jacqueline A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
We report copy-number profiling by low-pass WGS (LP-WGS) in individual circulating tumour cells (CTCs) for guiding treatment in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), comparing CTC results with mutations detected in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in the same blood samples.

Methods
Across 10 patients with MBC who were progressing at the time of blood sampling and that had >20 CTCs detected by CellSearch®, 63 single cells (50 CTCs and 13 WBCs) and 16 cell pools (8 CTC pools and 8 WBC pools) were recovered from peripheral blood by CellSearch®/DEPArray™ and sequenced with Ampli1 LowPass technology (Menarini Silicon Biosystems). Copy-number aberrations were identified using the MSBiosuite software platform, and results were compared with mutations detected in matched plasma cfDNA analysed by targeted next-generation sequencing using the Oncomine™ Breast cfDNA Assay (Thermo Fisher).

Results
LP-WGS data demonstrated copy-number gains/losses in individual CTCs in regions including FGFR1, JAK2 and CDK6 in five patients, ERBB2 amplification in two HER2-negative patients and BRCA loss in two patients. Seven of eight matched plasmas also had mutations in ctDNA in PIK3CA, TP53, ESR1 and KRAS genes with mutant allele frequencies (MAF) ranging from 0.05 to 33.11%. Combining results from paired CTCs and ctDNA, clinically actionable targets were identified in all ten patients.

Conclusion
This combined analysis of CTCs and ctDNA may offer a new approach for monitoring of disease progression and to direct therapy in patients with advanced MBC, at a time when they are coming towards the end of other treatment options.
ZNF276 promotes the malignant phenotype of breast carcinoma by activating the CYP1B1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Lei Ting , Zhang Wenwu , He Yongyin , Wei Shi , Song Xiaoyu , Zhu Yi , Luo Guoqing , Kuang Zhenzhan , Li Guanjie , Zhou Quan , Sun Zhaohui , Xiao Bin , Li Linhai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractZinc finger proteins (ZNFs) have been demonstrated to participate extensively in breast cancer progression by functioning as transcription factors, but there are still a variety of ZNFs whose biological mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that zinc finger protein 276 (ZNF276) is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Higher level of ZNF276 correlated with poor prognosis. Gain-of and loss-of function suggested that ZNF276 is essential for the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and metastasis in vivo. RNA-sequencing and CUT&Tag assay revealed that ZNF276 controlled a variety of growth and metastasis-related genes expression. ZNF276 transcriptionally promoted the expression of CYP1B1 by directly binds to the promoter region of the CYP1B1 through its C2H2 domain. ZNF276 facilitated the translocation of β-catenin from cytoplasm to nucleus through CYP1B1, leading to the upregulation of cyclin D1 and c-Myc, and the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Knockdown of CYP1B1 significantly blocked the ZNF276-mediated effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Lastly, ZNF276 interacted with MAGEB2 which enhanced the binding of ZNF276 at the CYP1B1 promoter, promoted CYP1B1 expression and Wnt signaling activation. Collectively, these findings highlight the oncogenic role of ZNF276 on breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Targeting ZNF276/MAGEB2 axis may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients.
Triple ionization and fragmentation of benzene trimers following ultrafast intermolecular Coulombic decay
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Yu Xitao , Luo Sizuo , Xue Xiaorui , Jia Shaokui , Zhang Xinyu , Zhao Yongtao , Hao Xintai , He Lanhai , Wang Chuncheng , Ding Dajun , Ren Xueguang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntermolecular interactions involving aromatic rings are ubiquitous in biochemistry and they govern the properties of many organic materials. Nevertheless, our understanding of the structures and dynamics of aromatic clusters remains incomplete, in particular for systems beyond the dimers, despite their high presence in many macromolecular systems such as DNA and proteins. Here, we study the fragmentation dynamics of benzene trimer that represents a prototype of higher-order aromatic clusters. The trimers are initially ionized by electron-collision with the creation of a deep-lying carbon 2s−1 state or one outer-valence and one inner-valence vacancies at two separate molecules. The system can thus relax via ultrafast intermolecular decay mechanisms, leading to the formation of C$${}_{6}{{{{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}}}_{6}}^{+}\cdot$$

6

H

6

+

⋅
C$${}_{6}{{{{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}}}_{6}}^{+}\cdot$$

6

H

6

+

⋅
C$${}_{6}{{{{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}}}_{6}}^{+}$$

6

H

6

+

trications and followed by a concerted three-body Coulomb explosion. Triple-coincidence ion momentum spectroscopy, accompanied by ab-initio calculations and further supported by strong-field laser experiments, allows us to elucidate the details on the fragmentation dynamics of benzene trimers.