bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
89 Association of brucellosis and ankylosing spondylitis: a pediatric case report
Authors: Hadef Djohra , Mansouri Oum Keltoum , Behamma Hayat , Benbouzid Nourelhouda , Boukhalfa Imane , Bougherara Hind , Rouichi Hadda , Gourmat Khaoula , Bezziou Khadidja , Serhane Kamel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Ankylosing spondylitis is a common chronic rheumatic disease in male young adults. Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonosis and remains endemic in several Mediterranean countries, which may have features similar to other diseases, leading to serious problems of differential diagnosis. This case report described a case of a 14-year-old male diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis whose exploration reveals associated subacute brucellosis.

Methods and results
A 14- years- old boy from Batna, born of a first degree consanguineous marriage, and the 2nd of a sibling of 05 children. He had no relevant past medical history. He complained of chronic polyarthritis of three years, affecting the large joints: hip, knees, ankles, elbows and wrists as well as the cervico-dorsolumbar spine. Pain on palpation of the tendon insertion zones without fever. Delayed growth in weight and height was found. He was misdiagnosed at disease onset as Rheumatic fever treated by Extencillin with vitamin D3 supplementation but no improvement was noticed.
The Ultrasound examination of the joints revealed moderate effusion with synovial thickening of the hip (hip synovitis). CT scan of the cervical-dorsal-lumbosacral spine revealed a bilateral erosive sacroiliitis with cervical ankylosis of the posterior apophyseal joints at C2-C3, C3-C4, and C4-C5 levels. A biological inflammatory syndrome was found. Brucellosis serology (Rose Bengal and Wright) was positive twice (IgM and IgG). Quantiferon test was negative.
The treatment of the Brucellosis was started (Doxicyclines, Gentamycin, and Rifampicin). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were also prescribed.

Conclusion
Brucellosis is a differential diagnosis of spondyloarthritis. However, an association of both diseases might exist and should be adequately managed.

Disclosure of Interest
None declared
91 Systemic lupus erythematosus and infectious complications: a pediatric case report
Authors: Hadef Djohra , Salhi Badereddine , Haddadi Meriem , Benbrahim Khaoula , Belaala Rimah , Bouderdaben Leila , Bensacia Norhane , Kahlane Ibtissam , Abdallaoui Abdarahmane , Khenferi Yacine , Khernane Nacer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Bacterial infections are the most frequent, followed by viral and fungal infections. Therapeutic factors as well as disease- and genetic related factors, all contribute to a lupus patient's increased susceptibility to infections.
This report describes a case of a 12-year-old female who presented with features of systemic lupus erythematosus with inaugural infectious joint involvement.

Methods and results
An 11- year- old girl, from Biskra (Algeria), from a non-consanguineous marriage and the 7th of eight children. She had no relevant past medical history. She was referred to our department for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of a suspected systemic lupus erythematosus.
The girl had a fever with a malar erythema and oral ulcerations. Arthralgia of the right hip was reported. Laboratory tests showed a positive CRP (C-reactive protein) and a positive Procalcitonin. The immunological assessment revealed Anti DNA, Anti Sm and Anti RNP positive.
Ultrasound of the hip showed a very large arthro-synovial cyst of the anterior face of the right hip of 07 cm compressing the psoas muscle. The cyst was drained and antibiotic therapy initiated. Hydroxychloroquine was started while waiting for the rest of the exploration.

Conclusion
Joint involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus is frequent but an infectious complication is possible even at the disease onset and should not be missed.
No conflicts of interest to declare.
TNF‐α‐dependent lung inflammation upregulates PD‐L1 in monocyte‐derived macrophages to contribute to lung tumorigenesis
Authors: Wen Yue , Wang Xiuqing , Meng Wei , Guo Wenli , Duan Chenyang , Cao Jingjing , Kang Lifei , Guo Ningfei , Lin Qiang , Lv Ping , Zhang Rong , Xing Lingxiao , Zhang Xianghong , Shen Haitao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChronic inflammation, which is dominated by macrophage‐involved inflammatory responses, is an instigator of cancer initiation. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in healthy lungs, and associated with lung tumor development and promotion. PD‐L1 is a negative molecule in macrophages and correlated with an immunosuppressive function in tumor environment. Macrophages expressing PD‐L1, rather than tumor cells, exhibits a critical role in tumor growth and progression. However, whether and how PD‐L1 in macrophages contributes to inflammation‐induced lung tumorigenesis requires further elucidation. Here, we found that higher expression of PD‐L1 in CD11b+CD206+ macrophages was positively correlated with tumor progression and PD‐1+CD8+ T cells population in human adenocarcinoma patients. In the urethane‐induced inflammation‐driven lung adenocarcinoma (IDLA) mouse model, the infiltration of circulating CD11bhighF4/80+ monocyte‐derived macrophages (MoMs) was increased in pro‐tumor inflamed lung tissues and lung adenocarcinoma. PD‐L1 was mainly upregulated in MoMs associated with enhanced T cells exhaustion in lung tissues. Anti‐PD‐L1 treatment can reduce T cells exhaustion at pro‐tumor inflammatory stage, and then inhibit tumorigenesis in IDLA. The pro‐tumor lung inflammation depended on TNF‐α to upregulate PD‐L1 and CSN6 expression in MoMs, and induced cytokines production by alveolar type‐II cells (AT‐II). Furthermore, inflammatory AT‐II cells could secret TNF‐α to upregulate PD‐L1 expression in bone‐marrow driven macrophages (BM‐M0). Inhibition of CSN6 decreased PD‐L1 expression in TNF‐α‐activated macrophage in vitro, suggesting a critical role of CSN6 in PD‐L1 upregulation. Thus, pro‐tumor inflammation can depend on TNF‐α to upregulate PD‐L1 in recruited MoMs, which may be essential for lung tumorigenesis.
Mortality trend of heart diseases in China, 2013–2020
Authors: Long Zheng , Xu Yangyang , Liu Wei , Wang Lijun , Zhou Maigeng , Yin Peng , Huo Yong 
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose:
Heart diseases are the leading cause of death in China. Understanding of the secular trend of different subcategories of heart disease is important for policy making. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mortality trend of heart diseases in China from 2013 to 2020.

Methods:
A population-based longitudinal analysis was conducted using the China National Mortality Surveillance System to examine heart disease mortality change during a period from 2013 to 2020. The causes of death were coded using the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision. The number of deaths and mortality rate were calculated based on sex, subcategories of heart disease, urban versus rural setting, and across different geographic locations. Data from the sixth census in China in 2010 was used as the standard population, and the mortality rates were adjusted based on the under-reporting rate.

Results:
Ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are the three leading causes of heart disease deaths during 2013–2020. There was a trend for increased age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of cardiac arrest, aortic aneurysm (AA), and nonrheumatic valvular heart diseases (NRVHDs) during the study period. In comparison to men, women had higher ASMR of RHD, and lower ASMR of IHD, HHD, cardiac arrest, AA, and NRVHDs. In comparison to rural areas, urban areas had lower ASMR of IHD, HHD, and RHD, and higher ASMR of cardiac arrest, AA, and NRVHDs. The spectrum of heart diseases differed significantly across age groups. In 2020, the percentages of IHD and HHD in the ≥65-year age group were higher than in other age groups. Significant differences in ASMR were noted across different geographic locations, with the highest in Xinjiang (198.14/100,000) and the lowest in Shanghai (62.19/100,000) in 2020.

Conclusions:
The mortality rate decreased for IHD, HHD, and RHD during the study period, but remained the leading causes of heart disease death in China. There was a trend for increasing mortality of cardiac arrest, AA, and NRVHDs, and significant difference across different geographic locations.
Liquid AbobotulinumtoxinA: Pooled Data From Two Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Studies of Glabellar Line Treatment
Authors: Hilton Said , Kestemont Philippe , Sattler Gerhard , Volteau Magali , Thompson Catherine , Andriopoulos Bill , Prygova Inna , Berg Anna-Karin , Ascher Benjamin 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND
AbobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A) solution is a new ready-to-use formulation developed to reduce preparation time and improve reproducibility of injections.

OBJECTIVE
To further evaluate treatment of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines (GLs) using pooled data from 2 Phase III studies.

METHODS
Following double-blind treatment with 50 U aboBoNT-A solution (n = 251) or placebo (n = 123), GL severity was assessed by investigators (ILA) and subjects (SSA). Other assessments included subject-reported time to onset, subject satisfaction, FACE-Q, and adverse events.

RESULTS
One month after aboBoNT-A solution treatment, 88% had none-or-mild GLs at maximum frown and 93% had ≥1-grade improvement in ILA (similar for SSA), 24% to 27% remaining improved at Month 6. Glabellar lines responder rates remained higher than placebo throughout Month 6 (p < .001). Almost two-thirds of subjects reported onset within 3 days, nearly a quarter reporting effect by Day 1. Subject satisfaction with GL appearance, and FACE-Q satisfaction with facial appearance overall and psychological well-being were also improved over placebo throughout Month 6, p < .05. Treatment-related adverse events were nonserious and mild or moderate.

CONCLUSION
Pooled analysis confirmed a duration of effect on GLs of up to 6 months for aboBoNT-A solution, with onset starting within 24 hours, high subject satisfaction, and improved psychological well-being. The treatment was well tolerated.
Evaluation of PROMIS Scores 6 Weeks after Conservative Management of Carpometacarpal Thumb Arthritis
Authors: Phan Amy , Calderon Thais , Hammert Warren C. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Patient-reported outcome measures are being increasingly emphasized to assign value to care‚ given the current trend toward pay-for-performance healthcare. We sought to determine if the Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), a general questionnaire, is sensitive enough to detect improvement after corticosteroid injection or splinting/hand therapy for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis.

Methods:
This is a retrospective study analyzing two groups with thumb CMC arthritis: 88 patients who received splinting/hand therapy and 6-week follow-up and 70 patients with steroid injection and 6-week follow-up. PROMIS Physical Function (PF), Pain Interference (PI), Depression, and Upper Extremity (UE) scores were collected at each visit. We used paired t-tests to compare 6-week follow-up scores to baseline scores within each group.

Results:
The mean age for the steroid injection group was 60.1 years old, and it was 61.8 years old for the returning splinting/hand therapy group. There were no significant differences in PROMIS PF, PI, Depression, or UE scores for patients who returned after 6 weeks of treatment with splinting/hand therapy. Moreover, at 6 weeks postinjection, PROMIS PF and UE scores marginally increased, whereas PI and Depression scores decreased with statistical significance.

Conclusions:
Hand surgeons should be aware of the limitations of PROMIS when evaluating patients after conservative treatment for thumb CMC arthritis. There were no significant differences in PROMIS scores for patients with thumb CMC arthritis who returned after receiving splinting/hand therapy for 6 weeks. Meanwhile, PI scores can be used primarily to monitor for improvement after steroid injection for thumb CMC arthritis.
Quadratic relationship between systolic blood pressure and white matter lesions in individuals with hypertension
Authors: Woldstad Christopher , Rusinek Henry , Sweeney Elizabeth , Butler Tracy , Li Yi , Tanzi Emily , Mardy Christopher , Harvey Patrick , de Leon Mony J. , Glodzik Lidia 
Published: October 2022

Background:
There is a well documented relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and the development of brain injury, which can lead to cognitive dysfunction. Hypertension (HTN) is a condition increasing the risk of silent and symptomatic ischemic brain lesions. Although benefits of hypertension treatment are indisputable, the target blood pressure value where the possibility of tissue damage is most reduced remains under debate.

Method:
Our group performed a cross-sectional (n = 376) and longitudinal (n = 188) study of individuals without dementia or stroke (60% women n = 228, age 68.5 ± 7.4 years; men n = 148, age 70.7 ± 6.9 years). Participants were split into hypertensive (n = 169) and normotensive (n = 207) groups. MR images were obtained on a 3T system. Linear modeling was performed in hypertensive and normotensive cohorts to investigate the relationship between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, white matter lesion (WML), and brain volumes.

Results:
Participants in the hypertensive cohort showed a quadratic relationship between SBP and WML, with the lowest amounts of WML being measured in participants with readings at approximately 124 mmHg. Additionally, the hypertensive cohort also exhibited a quadratic relationship between DBP and mean hippocampal volume; participants with readings at approximately 77 mmHg showing the largest volumes. Longitudinally, all groups experienced WML growth, despite different BP trajectories, further suggesting that WML expansion may occur despite or because of BP reduction in individuals with compromised vascular system.

Conclusion:
Overall, our study suggests that in the hypertensive group there is a valley of mid-range blood pressures displaying less pathology in the brain.
Endothelin type A receptor blockade attenuates aorto-caval fistula-induced heart failure in rats with angiotensin II-dependent hypertension
Authors: Kala Petr , Gawrys Olga , Miklovič Matúš , Vaňourková Zdenka , Škaroupková Petra , Jíchová Šárka , Sadowski Janusz , Kompanowska-Jezierska Elzbieta , Walkowska Agnieszka , Veselka Josef , Táborský Miloš , Maxová Hana , Vaněčková Ivana , Červenka Luděk 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
Evaluation of the effect of endothelin type A (ETA) receptor blockade on the course of volume-overload heart failure in rats with angiotensin II-dependent hypertension.

Methods:
Ren-2 renin transgenic rats (TGR) were used as a model of hypertension. Heart failure was induced by creating an aorto-caval fistula (ACF). Selective ETA receptor blockade was achieved by atrasentan. For comparison, other rat groups received trandolapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). Animals first underwent ACF creation and 2 weeks later the treatment with atrasentan or trandolapril, alone or combined, was applied; the follow-up period was 20 weeks.

Results:
Eighteen days after creating ACF, untreated TGR began to die, and none was alive by day 79. Both atrasentan and trandolapril treatment improved the survival rate, ultimately to 56% (18 of 31 animals) and 69% (22 of 32 animals), respectively. Combined ACEi and ETA receptor blockade improved the final survival rate to 52% (17 of 33 animals). The effects of the three treatment regimens on the survival rate did not significantly differ. All three treatment regimens suppressed the development of cardiac hypertrophy and lung congestion, decreased left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic volume and LV end-diastolic pressure, and improved LV systolic contractility in ACF TGR as compared with their untreated counterparts.

Conclusion:
The treatment with ETA receptor antagonist delays the onset of decompensation of volume-overload heart failure and improves the survival rate in hypertensive TGR with ACF-induced heart failure. However, the addition of ETA receptor blockade did not enhance the beneficial effects beyond those obtained with standard treatment with ACEi alone.
Artificial intelligence at the national eye institute
Authors: Sherif Noha A. , Chew Emily Y. , Chiang Michael F. , Hribar Michelle , Gao James , Goetz Kerry E. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
This review highlights the artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning initiatives supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Eye Institute (NEI) and calls attention to activities and goals defined in the NEI Strategic Plan as well as opportunities for future activities and breakthroughs in ophthalmology.

Recent findings
Ophthalmology is at the forefront of artificial intelligence-based innovations in biomedical research that may lead to improvement in early detection and surveillance of ocular disease, prediction of progression, and improved quality of life. Technological advances have ushered in an era where unprecedented amounts of information can be linked that enable scientific discovery. However, there remains an unmet need to collect, harmonize, and share data in a machine actionable manner. Similarly, there is a need to ensure that efforts promote health and research equity by expanding diversity in the data and workforce.

Summary
The NIH/NEI has supported the development artificial intelligence-based innovations to advance biomedical research. The NIH/NEI has defined activities to achieve these goals in the NIH Strategic Plan for Data Science and the NEI Strategic Plan and have spearheaded initiatives to facilitate research in these areas.
Ocular leptospirosis: lack of awareness among ophthalmologists and challenges in diagnosis
Authors: Sivakumar Rathinam R. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Systemic leptospirosis exists worldwide. But leptospiral uveitis, an important late complication is not identified by ophthalmologists in several countries.

Recent findings
In the last 18 months numerous publications, especially on epidemiology, surveillances, and novel rapid diagnostic kits to test at the point of care site on leptospirosis have been published from all over the world. However, publications from ophthalmologists are very scarce. Remarkably ophthalmologists should know the global burden of leptospirosis, prevalence of the disease in their country, demographic factors associated, risk factors, and systemic signs to elicit relevant history and travel history. They should be aware of recent advances in investigations to confirm their clinical diagnosis.

Summary
It is quite evident from this work that leptospirosis is prevalent worldwide. Ophthalmologists’ awareness has to improve to identify the etiological diagnosis. They should have access to simple, less expensive, and less cumbersome laboratory tests.
An update on immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery
Authors: Spekreijse Lindsay S. , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
The aim of this study was to present an overview of recent publications and opinions in the field of same-day bilateral cataract surgery.

Recent findings
A Cochrane review was published comparing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS) with regard to safety outcomes, costs and cost-effectiveness. In addition, several large database studies provided more information on incidences of rare complications such as unilateral and bilateral endophthalmitis rates.

Summary
Recently available evidence showed that ISBCS is an effective and cost-effective alternative to DSBCS. Nonetheless, additional (randomized) registry studies, randomized controlled trials and cost-effectiveness studies are needed to evaluate bilateral endophthalmitis rates, refractive outcomes and cost-effectiveness of ISBCS compared with DSBCS.
The Physical Therapist Assistant Education Summit Report: Prioritized Recommendations for the Future
Authors: Giffin Kathrine A. , Levangie Pamela K. 
Published: October 2022

Background and Purpose:
The APTA Academy of Education identified a need to assess the status of physical therapist assistant (PTA) education given changes in contemporary physical therapist practice and health care. In response, a task force was charged to plan a summit that would engage stakeholders in formulation of prioritized recommendations to advance PTA education.

Method and Results:
The Summit Planning Task Force formulated a 3-phase process: phase 1—surveys emailed to PTA education stakeholders; phase 2—four online modules that informed participants about trends in PTA education and solicited data on perceived strengths and weaknesses; and phase 3—a 2-day facilitated virtual meeting of 37 stakeholders who collaboratively developed the Summit outcomes. More than 2500 individuals contributed to data gathered from phases 1 and 2. Phase 3 participants formulated 3 comprehensive recommendations with associated goal statements, objectives, and strategies intendeds to drive future work in PTA education.

Discussion and Conclusions:
This report presents detailed methods by which the consensus-driven recommendations were achieved, supporting the Summit Task Force's “vision of the PTA as the educated extender that supports the future of physical therapist practice.” There was not consensus on any one direction that PTA education should take. Findings, however, support an array of flexible opportunities by which career goals of current and future PTAs may be achieved while enhancing patient care by the physical therapist/PTA team. Work to implement recommendations must be shared by all relevant stakeholders in order to move PTA education forward.
Goal-directed fluid therapy and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in management of pregnant woman with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Lu Cheng-Hsu , Chang Szu-Ling , Su Hsiu-Wei , Tsai Chih-Chung , Lai Hui-Chin 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
In parturients with heart disease, appropriate anesthetic, cardiac, and obstetric collaboration is necessary, especially in those with aortic stenosis (AS). Physiological changes during pregnancy can worsen AS symptoms, causing challenges in obstetric anesthetic management.

Patient concerns and diagnosis:
A 33-year-old woman with severe AS and progressive orthopnea, 33 weeks pregnant, required a cesarean section due to heart failure.

Interventions:
We used invasive goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) with real-time information on hemodynamic status and a more sophisticated approach to maintain intravascular volume balance. Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was used under GDFT guidance.

Outcomes:
The patient underwent cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural with no complications, with a stable newborn status, and was discharged on postoperative day 4. Vasopressors or inotropes were not used during the operation.

Conclusion:
For cesarean section in severe AS, low-dose sequential spinal anesthesia and slowly titrated epidural anesthesia under GDFT guidance could be a safe way to manage challenging conditions.