bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A neural mechanism of cognitive reserve: The case of bilingualism
Authors: Stevens W. Dale , Khan Naail , Anderson John A. E. , Grady Cheryl L. , Bialystok Ellen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCognitive Reserve (CR) refers to the preservation of cognitive function in the face of age-or disease-related neuroanatomical decline. While bilingualism is known to contribute to CR, the extent to which, and what particular aspect of, second language experience contributes to CR are debated, and the underlying neural mechanism(s) unknown. Intrinsic functional connectivity reflects experience-dependent neuroplasticity that occurs across timescales ranging from minutes to decades, and may be a neural mechanism underlying CR. To test this hypothesis, we used voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity analyses of MRI data to compare structural and functional brain integrity between bilingual and monolingual older adults, matched on cognitive performance using a rigorous propensity score matching technique, and across levels of second language proficiency measured as a continuous variable. Bilingualism, and degree of second language proficiency in particular, were associated with lower grey matter integrity in a hub of the default mode network – a region that is particularly vulnerable to decline in aging and dementia – but preserved functional network organization that resembled the young adult brain. Our findings confirm that lifelong bilingualism contributes to CR through experience-dependent maintenance of optimal functional network structure of the domain-general attentional control network across the lifespan.
Fake it to break it: mimicking superinfection exclusion disrupts alphavirus infection and transmission in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti
Authors: Reitmayer Christine M , Levitt Emily , Basu Sanjay , Atkinson Barry , Fragkoudis Rennos , Merits Andres , Lumley Sarah , Larner Will , Diaz Adriana V , Rooney Sara , Thomas Callum J E , von Wyschetzki Katharina , Rausalu Kai , Alphey Luke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMultiple viruses cause a phenomenon termed superinfection exclusion whereby a currently infected cell is resistant to secondary infection by the same or a closely related virus. In alphaviruses, this process is thought to be mediated, at least in part, by the viral protease (nsP2) which is responsible for processing the non-structural polyproteins (P123 and P1234) into individual proteins (nsP1-nsP4), forming the viral replication complex. Taking a synthetic-biology approach, we mimicked this naturally occurring phenomenon by generating a superinfection exclusion-like state in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, rendering them refractory to alphavirus infection. By artificially expressing Sindbis virus (SINV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nsP2 in mosquito cells and transgenic mosquitoes, we demonstrated a reduction in both SINV and CHIKV viral replication rates in cells following viral infection as well as reduced infection prevalence, viral titres and transmission potential in mosquitoes.
Compartmentalization of the SUMO/RNF4 pathway by SLX4 drives DNA repair
Authors: Alghoul Emile , Paloni Matteo , Takedachi Arato , Urbach Serge , Barducci Alessandro , Gaillard Pierre-Henri , Basbous Jihane , Constantinou Angelos 
Published: September 2022

SummarySLX4, disabled in Fanconi anemia group P, is a scaffolding protein that coordinates the action of structure-specific endonucleases and other proteins involved in replication-coupled repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Here we show that SLX4 dimerization and SUMO-SIM interactions drive the assembly of SLX4 membraneless compartments in the nucleus called condensates. Super-resolution microscopy reveals that SLX4 forms chromatin-bound clusters of nanocondensates. We report that SLX4 compartmentalizes the SUMO-RNF4 signaling pathway. SENP6 and RNF4 regulate the assembly and disassembly of SLX4 condensates, respectively. SLX4 condensationper setriggers the selective modification of proteins by SUMO and ubiquitin. Specifically, SLX4 condensation induces ubiquitylation and chromatin extraction of topoisomerase 1 DNA-protein cross-links. SLX4 condensation also induces the nucleolytic degradation of newly replicated DNA. We propose that the compartmentalization of proteins by SLX4 through site-specific interactions ensures the spatiotemporal control of protein modifications and nucleolytic reactions during DNA repair.
Small molecule inhibition of multiple RNA binding proteins underlies Musashi-2 independent phenotypes
Authors: Walters Kathryn , Sajek Marcin Piotr , Issaian Aaron , Baldwin Amber , Harrison Evan , Murphy Elisabeth , Daniels Miles , Haines Julie , Hansen Kirk , D’Alessandro Angelo , Mukherjee Neelanjan 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTRNA binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of gene expression. Small molecules targeting these RBP-RNA interactions are a rapidly emerging class of therapeutics for treating a variety of diseases. Ro-08-2750 (Ro) is a small molecule inhibitor identified as a competitive inhibitor of Musashi(MSI)-RNA interactions. Here we show Ro potently inhibits adrenocortical steroidogenesis and viability independent of MSI2 in multiple cell lines. We identified Ro-interacting proteins using an unbiased proteome-wide approach and discovered it is broadly targeting RBPs. To confirm this finding, we leveraged the large-scale ENCODE data and found a subset of RBPs whose depletion phenocopies Ro inhibition. We conclude that Ro is a promiscuous inhibitor of multiple RBPs, many containing RRM1 domains. Moreover, we provide a general framework for validating the specificity and identifying targets of RBP inhibitors in a cellular context.
Mitochondrial protein import clogging as a mechanism of disease
Authors: Coyne Liam P. , Wang Xiaowen , Song Jiyao , de Jong Ebbing , Schneider Karin , Massa Paul T. , Middleton Frank A. , Becker Thomas , Chen Xin Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMitochondrial biogenesis requires the import of >1,000 mitochondrial preproteins from the cytosol. Most studies on mitochondrial protein import are focused on the core import machinery. Whether and how the biophysical properties of substrate preproteins affect overall import efficiency is underexplored. Here, we show that protein traffic into mitochondria is disrupted by amino acid substitutions in a single substrate preprotein. Pathogenic missense mutations in adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (Ant1), and its yeast ortholog Aac2, cause the protein to accumulate along the protein import pathway, thereby obstructing general protein translocation into mitochondria. This impairs mitochondrial respiration, cytosolic proteostasis and cell viability independent of Ant1’s nucleotide transport activity. The mutations act synergistically, as double mutant Aac2/Ant1 cause severe clogging primarily at the Translocase of the Outer Membrane (TOM) complex. This confers extreme toxicity in yeast. In mice, expression of a super-clogger Ant1 variant led to an age-dependent dominant myopathy that phenocopies Ant1-induced human disease, suggesting clogging as a mechanism of disease. We propose that secondary structures of mitochondrial preproteins play an essential role in preventing clogging and disease.
Multi-Dimensional Structure and Dynamics Landscape of Proteins in Mammalian Cells Revealed by In-cell NMR
Authors: Kadavath Harindranath , Prymaczok Natalia , Eichmann Cédric , Riek Roland , Gerez Juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGoverning function, half life and subcellular localization, the 3D structure and dynamics of proteins are in nature constantly changing in a tightly regulated manner to fulfill the physiological and adaptive requirements of the cells. To find evidence for this hypothesis, we applied in-cell NMR to three folded model proteins and propose that the splitting of cross peaks are due to distinct structural states that arise from multiple target binding co-existing inside mammalian cells as a result of subcellular localisation including distinct cell compartments. In addition to peak splitting, we observed NMR signal intensity attenuations indicative of transient interactions with other molecules and dynamics on the microsecond to millisecond time scale.
The effect of 18 months lifestyle intervention on brain age assessed with resting-state functional connectivity
Authors: Levakov Gidon , Kaplan Alon , Meir Anat Yaskolka , Rinott Ehud , Tsaban Gal , Zelicha Hila , Blüher Matthias , Ceglarek Uta , Stumvoll Michael , Shelef Ilan , Avidan Galia , Shai Iris 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity negatively impacts multiple bodily systems, including the central nervous system. Retrospective studies that estimated chronological age from neuroimaging have found accelerated brain aging in obesity, but it is unclear how this estimation would be affected by lifestyle intervention. In a sub-study of 102 participants of the DIRECT-PLUS (dietary-intervention-randomized-controlled-trial polyphenol-unprocessed) trial, we tested the effect of 18 months of lifestyle intervention on predicted brain age, based on MRI-assessed resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). We further examined how dynamics in multiple health factors, including anthropometric measurements, blood biomarkers, and fat deposition, can account for changes in brain age. To establish our method, we first demonstrated that our model could successfully predict chronological age from RSFC in three cohorts (n=291;358;102). We then found that among the DIRECT-PLUS participants, 1% of body weight loss resulted in an 8.9 months attenuation of brain age. Attenuation of brain age was significantly associated with improved liver biomarkers, decreased liver fat, and visceral and deep subcutaneous adipose tissues after 18m of intervention. Finally, we showed that lower consumption of processed food, sweets, and beverages were associated with attenuated brain age. These results suggest that lifestyle intervention has beneficial effects on the trajectory of brain aging.
Exploring the relationship between job characteristics and infection: Application of a COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix to SARS-CoV-2 infection data in the United Kingdom
Authors: Rhodes Sarah , Beale Sarah , Wilkinson Jack , van Veldhoven Karin , Basinas Ioannis , Mueller William , Henge Karen Oude , Burdorf Alex , Peters Susan , Stokholm Zara A , Schlünssen Vivi , Kolstad Henrik , Pronk Anjoeka , Pearce Neil , Hayward Andrew , van Tongeren Martie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess whether workplace exposures as estimated via a COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix (JEM) are associated with SARS-CoV-2.MethodsData on 244,470 participants were available from the ONS Coronavirus Infection Survey (CIS) and 16,801 participants from the Virus Watch Cohort, restricted to workers aged 20 to 64. Analysis used logistic regression models with SARS-CoV-2 as the dependent variable for eight individual JEM domains (number of workers, nature of contacts, contact via surfaces, indoor or outdoor location, ability to social distance, use of face covering, job insecurity, migrant workers) with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), region, household size, urban vs rural area, and health conditions. Analyses were repeated for three time periods (i) February 2020 (Virus Watch)/April 2020 (CIS) to May 2021), (ii)June 2021 to November 2021, (iii) December 2021 to January 2022.ResultsOverall, higher risk classifications for the first six domains tended to be associated with an increased risk of infection, with little evidence of a relationship for domains relating to proportion of workers with job insecurity or migrant workers. By time there was a clear exposure-response relationship for these domains in the first period only. Results were largely consistent across the two cohorts.ConclusionsAn exposure-response relationship exists in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic for number of contacts, nature of contacts, contacts via surfaces, indoor or outdoor location, ability to social distance and use of face coverings. These associations appear to have diminished over time.
Active disturbance rejection control for optoelectronic stabilized platform based on model-assisted double extended state observers
Authors: Gao Peng , Su Xiuqin , Zhang Wenbo 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to promote the anti-disturbance and tracking accuracy of optoelectronic stabilized platforms, which ensure that optical detectors accurately track targets and acquire high-quality images.

Design/methodology/approach
An improved active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) strategy based on model-assisted double extended state observers (MDESOs) is proposed in this paper. First, by establishing an auxiliary model, the total disturbances are separated into two parts: inner and external disturbances. Then, MDESOs are designed to estimate the two parts by separately using two parallel ESOs, by which the controlled plant is adjusted to the ideal pure integral series. Simultaneously, combined with the nonlinear state error feedback, an overall control strategy is established.

Findings
Compared with the conventional ADRC and proportional derivative, the improved ADRC (IADRC) has stronger robustness and adaptability and effectively reduces the requirements for model accuracy and the gain of the ESO. The error of the auxiliary model is tolerated to exceed 50%, and the parameter values of the MDESOs are reduced by 90%.

Originality/value
The total disturbance rejection rate of the proposed strategy is only 3.11% under multiple disturbances, which indicates that the IADRC strategy significantly promotes anti-disturbance performance.
Dynamics of PPP investment in energy and country governance: evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ahmed Abdullahi Baba , Musonda Innocent , Pretorius J.H.C. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis paper intends to investigate the empirical link between governance and energy investment in PPP. To succinctly account for biases in the fixed effects (FE) model, the authors adopted different bias-corrected techniques. The majority of these techniques provided evidence that PPP investments in energy are boosted by increasing the desire for accountability, prioritising the voice of the masses and disabusing the rule of laws. This study could not find any positive influence from the control of corruption to PPP investment in energy.Design/methodology/approachThe acute shortage of power supply in SSA has attracted PPP investments in the energy subsector of the economy, leading to the recent debate on governance and public, private investment. The authors contributed to this argument by examining the impact of country governance on PPP investment in energy using a sample of countries in SSA.FindingsTherefore, the authors concluded that low control of corruption is responsible for the inadequate volume of PPP investments. In the light of this, the government should redefine the anti-corruption bill of their sovereignty to accommodate severe sanctions when necessary.Originality/valueThis paper uses the fixed effects (FE) model by introducing batteries of nonlinear panel models to capture the relationship between the impacts of country governance on PPP investment in energy.
Conflicting or co-existing logics – doing action research within the framework of a project in a university
Authors: Jałocha Beata , Bogacz-Wojtanowska Ewa , Góral Anna , Jedynak Piotr , Prawelska-Skrzypek Grażyna 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe aim of the study was to illustrate how three different institutional logics, present in the implementation of action research, interact in a formalised project, in a traditional university setting.Design/methodology/approachThe article is empirical in nature and the research method used is an instrumental case study. The case was the implementation of action research within the framework of an educational project co-financed by EU funds, conducted in a Polish public university. The research process was conducted from September 2017 to November 2019. The following techniques were used: document analysis, in-depth interviews, participatory observation during the project. Constant comparative analysis was used as an analytical approach.FindingsThe study indicates that action research, project management and university management follow different “logics”. The dominant logic of action research is problem-solving, of project management is efficiency and of university management is compliance. These different logics and the relationship between them is explained in the paper.Originality/valueThe research enriches the ongoing discussion on logic multiplicity and project management in a new context – that of the university environment and combines the issue of the implementation of action research with broader conversations on institutional logics.
The role of situational normality, swift guanxi, and perceived effectiveness of social commerce institutional mechanisms: an uncertainty reduction perspective
Authors: Chen Xiayu , Wang Jiawen , Wei Shaobo 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe success of social commerce depends on the actual transactions of consumers, which will be prevented in the presence of high uncertainty. However, attention paid to the uncertainty reduction strategies in social commerce is limited, especially from a unified theoretical framework. Based on uncertainty reduction theory (URT), this paper aims to investigate how three uncertainty reduction strategies (i.e. situational normality, perceived effectiveness of social commerce institutional mechanisms (PESIM) and swift guanxi) affect perceived uncertainty in social commerce, which in turn affects buyers' purchase intention and purchase behavior. The moderating effects of PESIM on the relationships between the other two strategies and perceived uncertainty were also tested.Design/methodology/approachIn this study longitudinal data from 211 buyers who have usage experience of Xiaohongshu were collected to test the proposed model and hypotheses.FindingsResults show that the three uncertainty reduction strategies significantly reduce perceived uncertainty. PESIM negatively moderates the relationships between situational normality and perceived uncertainty, swift guanxi and perceived uncertainty. Perceived uncertainty is negatively related to purchase intention. Purchase intention positively affects purchase behavior.Originality/valueThis study focuses on the role of uncertainty reduction mechanisms in promoting purchase behavior through uncertainty reduction and sheds light on the relationships among situational normality, PESIM, swift guanxi and perceived uncertainty based on URT, which have not been extensively studied from a theoretical perspective in social commerce contexts. Besides, this study investigates the moderating role of PESIM, which improves the understanding of the role of swift guanxi and situational normality in reducing perceived uncertainty under the boundary condition of PESIM.
Severity assessment and the early warning mechanism of public events based on the comparison of microblogging characteristics
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , An Lu , Li Gang , Yu Chuanming 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to evaluate the severity of public events in real time from the perspective of social media and to construct the early warning mechanism of public events.Design/methodology/approachThis study constructed the severity assessment system of public events from the dimensions of the netizens' role, the Internet media's role, the spread of public events and the attitudes and feelings of netizens. The method of analyzing the influence tendency of the public event severity indicators was proposed. A total of 1,107,308 microblogging entries regarding four public events were investigated. The severity of public events was divided into four levels.FindingsIt is found that serious public events have higher indicator values than medium level events on the microblogging platform. A quantitative severity classification standard for public events was established and the early warning mechanism of public events was built.Research limitations/implicationsMicroblogging and other social media platforms provide rich clues for the real-time study and judgment of public events. This study only investigated the Weibo platform as the data source. Other social media platforms can also be considered in future.Originality/valueDifferent from the ex-post evaluation method of judging the severity of public events based on their physical loss, this study constructed a quantitative method to dynamically determine the severity of public events according to the clues reflected by social media. The results can help the emergency management departments judge the severity of public events objectively and reduce the subjective negligence and misjudgment.
Analysis of barriers to organic farming adoption in developing countries: a grey-DEMATEL and ISM approach
Authors: Dixit Aasheesh , Suvadarshini Pinakhi , Pagare Dewang Vijay 
Published: September 2022

PurposeFarmers in India are hesitant to adopt organic farming (OF) despite high demand for organic products and favorable policy measures to encourage the practice. Therefore, this study aims to assess the OF adoption barriers faced by Indian farmers using a systematic method of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM).Design/methodology/approachThe authors explored eighteen barriers to OF adoption by conducting a literature survey and discussion with experts on OF. Then the authors used a combined method of Grey Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology to rank the barriers and analyze their interactions.FindingsThe analysis reveals that “Lack of knowledge and information,” “lack of financial capacity of farmers’ and “lack of institutional support” are the cause (independent) barriers that significantly impact other barriers. The top three effect (dependent) barriers are “lack of availability of organic inputs,” “personal characteristics such as age, attitudes and beliefs” and “lack of premium pricing,” which are affected by the other barriers.Research limitations/implicationsThis research work will help the decision makers understand the barriers to OF adoption in India and their interrelationships. The proposed framework enables them to focus on the high-priority independent barriers, which will subsequently impact the other dependent barriers.Originality/valuePrevious research on OF adoption barriers lacked a multifaceted scientific approach, which is necessary because OF is a complex system and needs a thorough investigation to assess the interaction between the barriers. The research attempts to fill this gap and addresses the complex nature of adoption barriers.