bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Household Income at Diagnosis With Financial Toxicity, Health Utility, and Survival in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Noel Christopher W. , Hueniken Katrina , Forner David , Liu Geoffrey , Eng Lawson , Hosni Ali , Hahn Ezra , Irish Jonathan C. , Gilbert Ralph , Yao Christopher M. K. L. , Monteiro Eric , O’Sullivan Brian , Waldron John , Huang Shao Hui , Goldstein David P. , de Almeida John R. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceWhile several studies have documented a link between socioeconomic status and survival in head and neck cancer, nearly all have used ecologic, community-based measures. Studies using more granular patient-level data are lacking.ObjectiveTo determine the association of baseline annual household income with financial toxicity, health utility, and survival.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a prospective cohort of adult patients with head and neck cancer treated at a tertiary cancer center in Toronto, Ontario, between September 17, 2015, and December 19, 2019. Data analysis was performed from April to December 2021.ExposuresAnnual household income at time of diagnosis.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome of interest was disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes included subjective financial toxicity, measured using the Financial Index of Toxicity (FIT) tool, and health utility, measured using the Health Utilities Index Mark 3. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between household income and survival. Income was regressed onto log-transformed FIT scores using linear models. The association between income and health utility was explored using generalized linear models. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for patient-level clustering.ResultsThere were 555 patients (mean [SD] age, 62.7 [10.7] years; 109 [20%] women and 446 [80%] men) included in this cohort. Two-year disease-free survival was worse for patients in the bottom income quartile (&amp;lt;$30 000: 67%; 95% CI, 58%-78%) compared with the top quartile (≥$90 000: 88%; 95% CI, 83%-93%). In risk-adjusted models, patients in the bottom income quartile had inferior disease-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.22-3.71) and overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.01; 95% CI, 0.94-4.29), when compared with patients in the highest quartile. The average FIT score was 22.6 in the lowest income quartile vs 11.7 in the highest quartile. In adjusted analysis, low-income patients had 12-month FIT scores that were, on average, 134% higher (worse) (95% CI, 16%-253%) than high-income patients. Similarly, health utility scores were, on average, 0.104 points lower (95% CI, 0.026-0.182) for low-income patients in adjusted analysis.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, patients with head and neck cancer with a household income less than CAD$30 000 experienced worse financial toxicity, health status, and disease-free survival. Significant disparities exist for Ontario’s patients with head and neck cancer.
Safety and Efficacy of Robotic vs Open Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Magistri Paolo , Di Sandro Stefano , Sposito Carlo , Oberkofler Christian , Brandon Ellie , Samstein Benjamin , Guidetti Cristiano , Papageorgiou Alexandros , Frassoni Samuele , Bagnardi Vincenzo , Clavien Pierre-Alain , Citterio Davide , Kato Tomoaki , Petrowsky Henrik , Halazun Karim J. , Mazzaferro Vincenzo ,   Robotic HPB Study Group, Catellani Barbara , Guerrini Gian Piero , Coppa Jorgelina , Flores Maria 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceLong-term oncologic outcomes of robotic surgery remain a hotly debated topic in surgical oncology, but sparse data have been published thus far.ObjectiveTo analyze short- and long-term outcomes of robotic liver resection (RLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from Western high-volume centers to assess the safety, reproducibility, and oncologic efficacy of this technique.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study evaluated the outcomes of patients receiving RLR vs open liver resection (OLR) for HCC between 2010 and 2020 in 5 high-volume centers. After 1:1 propensity score matching, a group of patients who underwent RLR was compared with a validation cohort of OLR patients from a high-volume center that did not perform RLR.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA retrospective analysis was performed of prospectively maintained databases at 2 European and 2 US institutions of patients who underwent RLR for HCC between January 1, 2010, and September 30, 2020. The main outcomes were safety and feasibility of RLR for HCC and its oncologic outcomes compared with a European OLR validation cohort. A 2-sided P &amp;lt; .05 was considered significant.ResultsThe study included 398 patients (RLR group: 125 men, 33 women, median [IQR] age, 66 [58-71] years; OLR group: 315 men, 83 women; median [IQR] age, 70 [64-74] years), and 106 RLR patients were compared with 106 OLR patients after propensity score matching. The RLR patients had a significantly longer operative time (median [IQR], 295 [190-370] minutes vs 200 [165-255] minutes, including docking; P &amp;lt; .001) but a significantly shorter hospital length of stay (median [IQR], 4 [3-6] days vs 10 [7-13] days; P &amp;lt; .001) and a lower number of admissions to the intensive care unit (7 [6.6%] vs 21 [19.8%]; P = .002). Incidence of posthepatectomy liver failure was significantly lower in the RLR group (8 [7.5%] vs 30 [28.3%]; P = .001), with no cases of grade C failure. The 90-day overall survival rate was comparable between the 2 groups (RLR, 99.1% [95% CI, 93.5%-99.9%]; OLR, 97.1% [95% CI, 91.3%-99.1%]), as was the cumulative incidence of death related to tumor recurrence (RLR, 8.8% [95% CI, 3.1%-18.3%]; OLR, 10.2% [95% CI, 4.9%-17.7%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study represents the largest Western experience to date of full RLR for HCC. Compared with OLR, RLR performed in tertiary centers represents a safe treatment strategy for patients with HCC and those with compromised liver function while achieving oncologic efficacy.
High‐Performance Green Thick‐Film Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Crystallinity Regulation
Authors: Zhao Heng , Xue Jingwei , Wu Hongbo , Lin Baojun , Cai Yuhang , Zhou Ke , Yun Daqin , Tang Zheng , Ma Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has reached high values of over 19%. However, most of the high‐efficiency OSCs are fabricated by spin‐coating with toxic solvents and the optimal photoactive layer thickness is limited to 100 nm, limiting practical development of OSCs. It is a great challenge to obtain ideal morphology for high‐efficiency thick‐film OSCs when using non‐halogenated solvents due to the unfavorable film formation kinetics. Herein, high‐efficiency ternary thick‐film (300 nm) OSCs with PCE of 15.4% based on PM6:BTR‐Cl:CH1007 are fabricated by hot slot‐die coating using non‐halogenated solvent (o‐xylene) in the air. Compared to PM6:BTR‐Cl:Y6 blends, the stronger pre‐aggregation of CH1007 in solution induces the earlier aggregation of CH1007 molecules and longer aggregation time, and thus results in high and balanced crystallinity of donors and acceptor in CH1007‐based ternary film, which led to high‐carrier mobility and suppressed charge recombination. The ternary strategy is further used to fabricate high‐efficiency, thick‐film, large‐area, and flexible devices processed from non‐halogenated solvents, paving the way for industrial development of OSCs.
Toward Rapid and Accurate Molecular Diagnostics at Home
Authors: Liu Wenpeng , Lee Luke P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe global outbreaks of infectious diseases have significantly driven an imperative demand for rapid and accurate molecular diagnostics. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) feature high sensitivity and high specificity; however, the labor‐intensive sample preparation and nucleic acid amplification steps remain challenging in order to carry out rapid and precision molecular diagnostics at home. This review discusses the advances and challenges of automatic solutions of sample preparation integrated with on‐chip nucleic acid amplification for effective and accurate molecular diagnostics at home. The sample preparation methods of whole blood, urine, saliva/nasal swab, and stool on chip are examined. Then, the repurposable integrated sample preparation on a chip using various biological samples is investigated. Finally, the on‐chip NAATs that can be integrated with automated sample preparation are evaluated. The user‐friendly approaches with combined sample preparation and NAATs can be the game changers for next‐generation rapid and precision home diagnostics.
Genetic and Pharmacological Inhibition of Astrocytic Mysm1 Alleviates Depressive‐Like Disorders by Promoting ATP Production
Authors: Zhang Heyang , Liu Shuirong , Qin Qiaozhen , Xu Zhenhua , Qu Yannv , Wang Yadi , Wang Jianing , Du Zhangzhen , Yuan Shanshan , Hong Shunming , Chang Zhilin , He Wenyan , Yan Xinlong , Lang Yiran , Tang Rongyu , Wang Yan , Zhu Lingling , Jiang Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this disorder is critical for the therapy of MDD. In this study, it is observed that deubiquitinase Mysm1 is induced in the brain tissues from patients with major depression and from mice with depressive behaviors. The genetic silencing of astrocytic Mysm1 induced an antidepressant‐like effect and alleviated the osteoporosis of depressive mice. Furthermore, it is found that Mysm1 knockdown led to increased ATP production and the activation of p53 and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK). Pifithrin α (PFT α) and Compound C, antagonists of p53 and AMPK, respectively, repressed ATP production and reversed the antidepressant effect of Mysm1 knockdown. Moreover, the pharmacological inhibition of astrocytic Mysm1 by aspirin relieved depressive‐like behaviors in mice. The study reveals, for the first time, the important function of Mysm1 in the brain, highlighting astrocytic Mysm1 as a potential risk factor for depression and as a valuable target for drug discovery to treat depression.
Renal Endothelial Cell‐Targeted Extracellular Vesicles Protect the Kidney from Ischemic Injury
Authors: Zhang Kaiyue , Li Rongrong , Chen Xiaoniao , Yan Hongyu , Li Huifang , Zhao Xiaotong , Huang Haoyan , Chen Shang , Liu Yue , Wang Kai , Han Zhibo , Han Zhong‐Chao , Kong Deling , Chen Xiang‐Mei , Li Zongjin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEndothelial cell injury plays a critical part in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) and participates in the progression of AKI. Targeting renal endothelial cell therapy may ameliorate vascular injury and further improve the prognosis of ischemic AKI. Here, P‐selectin as a biomarker of ischemic AKI in endothelial cells is identified and P‐selectin binding peptide (PBP)‐engineered extracellular vesicles (PBP‐EVs) with imaging and therapeutic functions are developed. The results show that PBP‐EVs exhibit a selective targeting tendency to injured kidneys, while providing spatiotemporal information for the early diagnosis of AKI by quantifying the expression of P‐selectin in the kidneys by molecular imaging. Meanwhile, PBP‐EVs reveal superior nephroprotective functions in the promotion of renal repair and inhibition of fibrosis by alleviating inflammatory infiltration, improving reparative angiogenesis, and ameliorating maladaptive repair of the renal parenchyma. In conclusion, PBP‐EVs, as an ischemic AKI theranostic system that is designed in this study, provide a spatiotemporal diagnosis in the early stages of AKI to help guide personalized therapy and exhibit superior nephroprotective effects, offering proof‐of‐concept data to design EV‐based theranostic strategies to promote renal recovery and further improve long‐term outcomes following AKI.
Sub‐second Lifetime of Photocarriers in Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskite
Authors: Lv Xingjie , Yuan Guoliang , Wu Tom , Yan Zhibo , Xu Ben , Liu Guanghua , Liu Jun‐Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecently lead halide perovskite based solar cells have rapidly advanced and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased to 25.7%. The progress has been attributed to the super‐long carriers’ lifetime (τ) and long diffusion length (LD) of the photocarriers, however it has been a challenge to precisely characterize and understand the super‐long τ and LD of photocarriers. Here, a MAPbI3 single crystal exhibits four different τ which increase with LD extending from nm scale to mm scale. The prior two lifetimes estimated by transient photoluminescence (TPL) spectra are in the range of ns which comes from the recombination of photocarriers in the tens of nm thick surface layer. In contrast, the third lifetime estimated by transient open‐circuit voltage is hundreds of µs, which is a result of the excess photocarriers diffusing hundreds of µm to electrodes. Finally, the fourth lifetime estimated from the transient photoconductance is as long as sub‐second since the low‐density photocarriers under an electric field drift across the mm‐scale high‐quality single crystal. This study not only clarifies the physical mechanisms of four different lifetimes of photocarriers but also facilitates the design of novel electronics with the halide perovskite semiconductors.
Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the management of Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Castillo Jorge J. , Buske Christian , Trotman Judith , Sarosiek Shayna , Treon Steven P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have taken a central role in the management of patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia and are the only agents approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat these patients. Although associated with high rates of durable responses, unmet needs with BTK inhibitor therapy include indefinite duration therapy, high cost, scarcity of complete responses, and lower rates and shorter duration of response in patients with CXCR4 mutations. Herein, we review the data supporting the use of covalent BTK inhibitors, selected management issues, clinical trials with covalent BTK inhibitor combination regimens, and up‐and‐coming non‐covalent BTK inhibitors.
ZDHHC9 X‐linked intellectual disability: Clinical and molecular characterization
Authors: Ramos Anna Karolina Silva , Caldas‐Rosa Erica Carine Campos , Ferreira Bárbara Merfort , Versiani Beatriz Ribeiro , Moretti Patrícia Natalia , de Oliveira Silviene Fabiana , Pic‐Taylor Aline , Mazzeu Juliana F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ZDHHC9 gene encodes the Zinc Finger DHHC‐Type Containing 9 protein that functions as a palmitoyltransferase. Variants in this gene have been reported as the cause of Raymond‐type X‐linked intellectual disability with only 16 families described in the literature. This study reviews molecular and clinical data from previously reported patients and reports the case of a 13‐year‐old patient with a splicing variant in ZDHHC9 presenting intellectual disability, developmental delay, facial dysmorphisms, and skeletal defects. Although intellectual disability and developmental delay with severe speech delay have been reported in all cases with available clinical data, the remaining clinical signs differ significantly between patients. Missense, nonsense, frameshift, and splicing variants, in addition to large exonic deletions, have been described suggesting a loss of function mechanism. Though variants are distributed in almost all exons, most missense and nonsense variants affect arginine residues located in the cytoplasmic domains of this transmembrane protein, suggesting possible mutational hotspots.
Guaiacolate derivatives‐containing sodium complexes as catalysts for l‐lactide polymerization
Authors: Wu Tzu‐Yi , Lai Feng‐Jie , Lee Wei , Chang Chun‐Juei , Chang Yu‐Lun , Ding Shangwu , Chen Hsuan‐Ying , Chang Yung‐Chi 
Published: November 2022

In this study, guaiacolate derivatives‐containing tetranuclear sodium catalysts were synthesized, and their catalytic activity in l‐lactide (LA) polymerization was evaluated. Using LBF‐Na (sodium complex bearing 2,3‐dihydro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐7‐benzofuranolate) as a catalyst, the polymerization of LA was studied in various solvents. LBF‐Na polymerized LA in dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and toluene, and the catalytic activity of LBF‐Na was similar in these solvents. Among the sodium complexes, LOH‐Na (sodium complex bearing guaiacolate) exhibited higher catalytic activity (5 min, conversion = 93%; MnGPC = 7200) than the other tetranuclear sodium complexes. Furthermore, LOH‐Na exhibited an “immortal” property after 20 equivalents of benzyl alcohol loading during LA polymerization and good controllability in polylactide production. Thus, guaiacolate ligands increase the catalytic activity of sodium catalysts in LA polymerization in both coordinating and halogen‐containing solvents and under the condition of extra alcohol loading.
Whole‐genomic DNA amplifications from individually isolated sweet sorghum microspores
Authors: Felts Aron M. , Pokharel Bharat , Yahya Dilovan , Aziz Ahmad N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPremiseSorghum is a multi‐use crop, the efficient breeding of which requires the development of new genetic tools. One such tool could be the genetic assessment of free microspores, which are released just after the tetrad stage of pollen development. Microspores are ideal for DNA isolation as they have underdeveloped cell walls and can be readily lysed as natural protoplasts.MethodsFour cultivars of Sorghum bicolor (ʻAchi Turi’, ʻDale’, ʻLocal’, and ʻTopper 76‐6’) were grown in a greenhouse until flowering (7.7–11.5 cm flag leaf internode length), after which 30 immature microspores were isolated from each line. Plant height, time to flowering, boot radius, and spikelet maturation were recorded for each cultivar. The exine development of the microspores was observed under an inverted Nikon microscope, and those with underdeveloped exine were subjected to whole‐genome amplification and sequencing.ResultsMicrospores in the early uninucleate to early binucleate stages had underdeveloped exine, and were therefore ideal for DNA extraction. High‐quality DNA was obtained from these single‐cell gametophytes. The average DNA concentration was 2902 ng/µL, with fragment sizes comparable to those obtained from leaf tissue extractions.DiscussionHarvesting panicles with immature microspores means the entire gametic population is accessible for DNA analyses. This is the first amplification of whole‐genome DNA fragments from sorghum single‐cell microspores isolated during gametogenesis.
Altered Risk of Incident Gout According to Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status: A Nationwide, Population‐Based Cohort Study of 1.29 Million Young Men
Authors: Eun Yeonghee , Han Kyungdo , Lee Seung Woo , Kim Kyunga , Kang Seonyoung , Lee Seulkee , Cha Hoon‐Suk , Koh Eun‐Mi , Kim Hyungjin , Lee Jaejoon 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveFew data are available on whether changes in metabolic syndrome affect incident gout. This study was undertaken to assess associations between metabolic syndrome status and incident gout, as well as changes in the clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome and incident gout, in a cohort of young men.MethodsThis nationwide, population‐based cohort study included 20–39‐year‐old men who participated in serial health check‐ups. The outcome, incident gout, was defined according to the claims database diagnostic code for gout. Associations among changes in metabolic syndrome status and incident gout were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsAmong 1,293,166 individuals, 18,473 were diagnosed as having gout (incidence rate 3.36 per 1,000 person‐years). Subjects who had chronic metabolic syndrome (defined as metabolic syndrome at all 3 health check‐ups) had a nearly 4‐fold higher risk of incident gout compared to subjects who did not have metabolic syndrome at any of the 3 health check‐ups (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] 3.82 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 3.67–3.98]). Development of metabolic syndrome more than doubled the risk of incident gout (HRadj 2.31 [95% CI 2.20–2.43]). Conversely, recovery from metabolic syndrome reduced the risk of incident gout by nearly half (HRadj 0.52 [95% CI 0.49–0.56]). Among metabolic syndrome components, changes in elevated triglycerides (development of elevated triglycerides, HRadj 1.74 [95% CI 1.66–1.81]; recovery from elevated triglycerides, HRadj 0.56 [95% CI 0.54–0.59]) and abdominal obesity (development of abdominal obesity, HRadj 1.94 [95% CI 1.85–2.03]; recovery from abdominal obesity, HRadj 0.69 [95% CI 0.64–0.74]) showed the greatest association with altered risk of incident gout. Associations between changes in the status and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome and incident gout were more pronounced in subjects ages 20–29 years compared to those ages 30–39 years, and in subjects who were underweight or who had a normal weight.ConclusionChanges in the status and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome were associated with altered risk of incident gout. These results suggest that metabolic syndrome is a modifiable risk factor for gout.
Exploring the potential of dried plasma collection cards for liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry quantitation of giredestrant in human plasma
Authors: Tang Yang , Chen Liuxi , Liang Xiaorong , Dean Brian , Wang Jianshuang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrosampling technology for dried blood–derived samples provides an advantageous alternative to conventional venous blood for drug quantitation. Unlike conventional whole blood microsampling techniques, Noviplex is a novel, card‐based technology for rapid dried plasma spot collection that retains the benefits of microsampling during collection and transportation, while avoiding the disadvantages of using whole blood samples. Giredestrant is a promising small‐molecule therapeutic agent under development by Genentech to treat patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using Noviplex cards for pharmacokinetic analysis of giredestrant levels in human plasma, including optimizing extraction recovery, evaluating in‐card stability, and assessing batch precision and accuracy. We found that while the Noviplex card demonstrated levels of sensitivity, extraction recovery, and stability at ambient temperature that meet the requirements of pharmacokinetic analysis for clinical studies, further optimization of the filtration layers within the Noviplex card is necessary to improve filtration efficiency and consistency. This study reveals the possibilities as well as the limitations of the Noviplex card and provides a better understanding of the capabilities and risks of using the Noviplex card for drug quantitation in plasma.
Recent advances in the detection of drugs of abuse by dried blood spots
Authors: Ververi Christina , Vincenti Marco , Salomone Alberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this review study was to sum up the main recent advances reported in the scientific literature about the detection of common drugs of abuse in biological samples upon their collection by dried blood spot devices. The most recent, innovative and fully validated methods for the qualitative and/or quantitative detection of common drugs of abuse are reported, including alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4‐methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4‐methyl‐enedioxyethylamphetamine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, 6‐monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxycodone, noroxycodone, tramadol, methadone, buprenorphine, fentanyl, ketamine and their respective metabolites and γ‐hydroxybutyric acid. Dried blood spot proved to be extremely promising for routine analysis of forensic cases, although large‐scale experiments on real samples need to be performed to confirm the emerging advantages of the technique and remove the potential limitations still affecting its widespread application.