bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of CO2 Emissions from Low Strength Recycled Concrete
Authors: Yang Huijun , Li Yuexia , Ji Chao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we determined the calculation boundary of CO2 emissions from low strength recycled concrete, and calculated the CO2 emissions from the low strength recycled broken brick concrete RC15 with the target strength of 15 MPa and the ordinary concrete C15, as well as the proportion of CO2 emissions from each material of the low strength recycled concrete. The results showed that the low strength recycled concrete had less CO2 emissions. The results of the proportion of CO2 emissions from each material of the low strength recycled concrete showed that cement was in the largest proportion and other materials were in a smaller proportion.
Allocation of Energy Storage Capacity Based on Optimal Power Flow
Authors: Jiang Minglei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Under the continuous development of new power system, the double high characteristics become more and more obvious in the characteristics of power system. How to make good use of electrochemical energy storage and participate in the power market has become an urgent problem to be solved. In view of this, based on the day ahead market forecast,this paper establishes a model for the participation of electrochemical energy storage in the operation of the electricity market and sets up three different scenarios with the goal of maximizing gross profit. Finally, it is concluded that the operation strategy of electrochemical energy storage proposed in this paper can effectively improve the benefits of electrochemical energy storage.
Resource Integrated Urban Design Method and Mathematical Model in Regulatory Detailed Planning
Authors: Yuan Li 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to promote the rationality of urban resource integration process, an urban resource integration method based on repeated game control scheme is proposed in the Article. Firstly, construct the optimal model of urban integration decision-making, quantify the operation level of dominant factor, consider the hardware and software strength for urban resource integration; secondly, a repeated game control scheme is proposed in the Article, in which the algorithm is based on Nash bargaining solution and the finite repeated game process, which could fully optimize the optimal model of urban integration decision-making; lastly, verify the effectiveness of proposed methods by simulation examples.
Research On the Characteristics of Sediment and the Release Law of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants in Landscape Lake
Authors: Zhu Zhaoliang , Zhou Hao , Li Qi , Zou Jiale , Liu Mengmeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Under the premise that the external input of nitrogen and phosphorus is controlled, the endogenous release has become the dominant factor of lake eutrophication. In order to understand the degree of eutrophication of the landscape lake and the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, a sediment lake in Jinan was used as a test object,three sampling points were set near the inlet, outlet and reed bushes of the landscape lake to collect water samples. And sediment samples, the three indicators of TN, NH4+-N and TP in the water body and TN, NH4+-N, TP, pH, DW, LOI in the sediment were analyzed. Release of TN, NH4+-N and TP in sediments under different temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and disturbance conditions. The results show that both elevated temperature and low DO can accelerate the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, while high DO can inhibit the release of N and P in the sediment; acidic conditions are favorable for the release of TN and NH4+-N, and alkaline conditions are favorable for TP release; disturbance can accelerate the release of nitrogen in the sediment, but has little effect on total phosphorus release.
The Design of Four Channel TR Module for Ku Band
Authors: Wang Yi , Ji Shuai , Guan Yang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the design and development of four channel digital TR module for Ku band.The four channel TR module for Ku band consists of consists of digital part and RF part. DDS, TR control, AD, DDC and echo transmission constitute the digital transceiver part of the digital TR module. Two-stage frequency conversion and filtering, circulator, limiter, multi-stage LNA and multi-stage PA constitute the the RF transceiver part of the digital TR module. At present, the digital TR module has completed the program design, production and processing, testing.
Design of Multi-channel Real-time Signal Acquisition System
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Meng , Ji Shuai , Wang Jingdong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of the real-time signal acquisition, a real-time signal acquisition system based on high speed ADC and FPGA is proposed in this paper. AD9208 is used to realize high speed acquisition and DDC processing of original signal. FPGA 7V690T is used to realize digital channelization and fine FFT processing. This system can realize massive data storage and real-time signal display. The test results show that this system can effectively realize real-time signal acquisition and processing, and has strong anti-interference ability.
A miniaturized seven-electrode conductivity and temperature integrated sensor
Authors: Sun Wei , Guo Fengxiang , Chai Xu , Hu Ding , Zhang Xueyu , Xu Mingxia , Wang Yibao , Wang Shaoyan , Wu Xiaofan , Qu Chuang , Gai Zhigang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Marine environmental monitoring technology is the support of marine development, and its development level and innovation capability have become important criteria for measuring a country’s marine science and technology indicators. In order to meet the application demand of large-scale and high-density deployment of marine observation network, a planar open seven-electrode conductivity and platinum resistance temperature integrated sensor is developed by using Micro Electro Mechanical System(MEMS) technology, combined with semiconductor micro and nano precision processing technologies such as mask lithography and physical sputtering. The measurement principle, probe design preparation, packaging and calibration method of this conductivity temperature sensor are presented. By calibrating and fitting the measurement data of this sensor, good measurement accuracy results were obtained. The miniaturized conductivity temperature sensor has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, low cost and high accuracy of probe processing, high batch consistency, and fully meets the application requirements of marine observation network.
Optimization Design and Development of UHF Antenna for PD Detection in Substation
Authors: Xing Zhen-hua , Wang Zhen , Xu Hang , Xu Miao , Mou Xiao-lin , Wu Lu-xiao , Yang Kun , Liu Zhao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a directional logarithmic periodic antenna is designed to meet the application requirements of local discharge detection in substation.The model of log-periodic dipole antenna was established by using high frequency electromagnetic wave simulation software, and the effects of dielectric substrate thickness, dielectric constant of dielectric substrate and patch size parameters on antenna return loss and standing wave ratio were analyzed.Finally, the dielectric substrate thickness of the antenna is 1.6mm, the material is TEflon, and the width of the assembly line is 4mm.According to the selected antenna type and size, the uHF signal receiving antenna is manufactured.
Implementation of Fast Huffman Encoding Based on FPGA
Authors: Shan Yongxin , Chen Xin , Qiu Cao , Zhang Ying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the efficiency of JPEG encoding architecture, some imagine compression systems use pipeline technology. Different modules will spend different cycles in the image compression, so the pipeline is prone to blockage. This paper proposes uses doublebyte splicing output Huffman code architecture and double Huffman encoding units on FPGA, so that Huffman encoding process spent less clock cycles in JPEG encoding, and pipelined JPEG encoding algorithm can be encoded in real time without blocking. According to the FPGA verification, although the number of logic units used will increase, Huffman encoding takes less clock cycles.
An Optimization method for the Internet of vehicles oriented to moving relay
Authors: Liang Cai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Moving relay (MR) is a relay node deployed on public transportation such as cars and trains, which can effectively combat the vehicle penetration loss (VPL) problem in vehicle communication. outage probability (OP) is an expression of link capacity. When the link capacity cannot meet the required user rate, an outage will occur. For the downlink multi-user network, we compared the performance of direct transmission and MR-assisted transmission with the probability of interruption as a performance indicator. Subsequently, we design a joint optimization scheme for transmission mode selection and user scheduling, select the transmission mode suitable for the user, schedule the user with the largest information rate, and derive the closed-form expression of the scheduling scheme. And compared with random selection scheduling. The experiment compares random scheduling with the scheduling scheme we proposed. Experimental results show that compared with random selection and scheduling scheme, the proposed scheduling scheme can reduce OP, thereby improving system performance.
A pointer meter reading recognition method based on improved ORB algorithm for substation inspection robot
Authors: Liu Zhe , Huang Hua , Wang Na , Cao Yingshuang , Zeng Liang , Zhang Jianhuan , Zhang Chentao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, pointer meters in substations are read manually, which causes a waste of human resources. To realize automatic reading of such meters, an accurate method for recognizing and reading of pointer meters was proposed for the inspection robot in substation. The new method consists of three steps. Step 1: the image is preprocessed with grayscale, noise reduction and piecewise linear grayscale transformation. Step 2: the Gaussian scale space is used to enhance the scale invariace of the ORB algorithm. Meanwhile, the RANSAC algorithm is used to screen the matching point pairs, which improves the accuracy of the feature pointer matching. Step 3: the Hough transform algorithm is utilized to fit the pointer. Finally, the reading result is obtained according to the angle method and the prior information of the pointer meter. The proposed approach can recognize and read the meter accurately. It has high reliability and engineering application value.
Research on classification method based on multi-scale segmentation and hierarchical classification
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Wang Hui , Xue Wenxiang , Qin Chaoyun , Wu Yuping , Wang Shuyuan , Qiu Peng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper transmission line corridors covering area in Hebei north area as the research object to explore multi-scale segmentation threshold suitable for Hebei north image, found applicable to Hebei north region segmentation threshold rules. Main methods are the object-oriented multi-scale segmentation and hierarchical classification, using image segmentation principle, make full use of high resolution image rich features such as shape, texture, object relationships. It is used for the follow-up investigation of hidden danger of external damage of power transmission channel in northern Hebei region. The main conclusions of the experiment are as follows: 1. By comparing and analyzing the results of five groups of different thresholds (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80), it is concluded that the single threshold of the multi-scale segmentation method suitable for most mountainous images in the study area is 60, and this method can achieve high-precision ground object classification for images in northern Hebei region. 2. The ground feature cover classification method that is more suitable for the parallel processing of a large number of study areas is the object-oriented hierarchical classification method, and preliminary exploration results of detailed parameters have been achieved.
Research on technical scheme for multi type load resource information access
Authors: Wang Xin , WAN Bo , Zhou Wei , Niu Huaitong , Feng Sibo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the regulation ability of adjustable load resources, realize the aggregation, sharing and regulation of “source-load-storage” regulation resources in the region, and improve the adjustable load management ability, the criteria and methods for accessing the operation system of load resource aggregators to the regulation center are proposed according to the safety protection requirements of power monitoring system and the communication ability of multi type load resource aggregators. To meet the security access of multiple resources, combined with different access modes of load resources, a network security protection mechanism combining software and hardware is proposed. Digital certificate, data encryption, situation awareness, analysis and early warning and other technologies are used to build security protection strategies for private network and different access modes such as Internet, wireless and optical fiber, so as to adapt to the security access of multiple resources. An interaction mode based on standardized data format, using web services (restful HTTPS), file interaction and 104 protocol could be established to adapt multi type adjustable load resource model and safe interaction of real-time data..
Redundancy and overactuation in cephalopod-inspired soft robot arms
Authors: Olson Gina , Adams Julie A. , Mengüç Yiğit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Current soft robotic arms commonly follow traditional—i.e. hard—robot design conventions. Omnidirectional soft arms most commonly consist of segments that contain three parallel longitudinal actuators, or actuator groups, of which one or two are activated to induce bending. This design uses the minimum number of actuators required for omnidirectional bending, which is consistent with traditional robot design but unnecessarily constrains the soft arm design space. The cephalopods that frequently inspire soft robot arms have tens of bundles of longitudinal muscle fibers, and these bundles are distributed around the limb circumference rather than grouped. This article analyzes fluid-driven soft arm architectures with up to 12 actuators, which mimics the redundant and distributed nature of cephalopod arms and tentacles, in order to investigate the performance implications of an arm morphology closer to nature. Overactuation (i.e. activating more than two actuators) was considered, which is possible because soft robots—unlike traditional robots—can tolerate misaligned or partially opposed actuation without jamming. A previously-developed generalizable model was used to simulate design performance, and a subset of the examined architectures were constructed and tested. Many-actuator soft arms achieve high strokes under equivalent load and equivalent actuation pressures, without sacrificing no-load reach. These arms are also able to achieve quasi-omnidirectionality, as well as to execute near constant-curvature turns using a simple actuation pattern and a single pressure signal. The introduced framework also enables non-circular cross sections that are not possible with minimalist arm designs, allowing the load capacity and reach to be tuned in multiple directions. Several elliptical cross section arms were analyzed to explore the potential of non-circular cross sections. Overactuated, many-actuator arms significantly expand the design space of soft arms, improving performance in some cases and introducing options to tailor behavior that are infeasible in structurally minimal arms.
Flexible conductive silk-PPy hydrogel toward wearable electronic strain sensors
Authors: Han Yuanyuan , Sun Lu , Wen Chenyu , Wang Zhaohui , Dai Jianwu , Shi Liyang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have been studied as promising materials for the flexible and wearable bioelectronics, because of their unique electrical and mechanical properties. Addition of conducting polymers in biomaterial-based hydrogel matrix is a simple yet effective way to construct hydrogels with good conductivity and flexibility. In this work, a conductive hydrogel composed by a silk hydrogel and a conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy), is developed via in situ polymerization of pyrrole into the silk fibroin network. The silk-PPy hydrogel shows high conductivity (26 S m−1), as well as sensitive and fast responses to corresponding conformation changes. Taking advantages of these properties, flexible and wearable strain sensors are proposed for the monitoring of various body movements, which can detect both the large and subtle human motions with good sensitivity, reproducibility and stability. The hybridization of biomaterials and conducting polymers endows the multifunctions of the conductive hydrogels, thus showing considerable potentials in the advancement of the wearable electronics.
Modelling avocado-driven deforestation in Michoacán, Mexico
Authors: Arima Eugenio Y , Denvir Audrey , Young Kenneth R , González-Rodríguez Antonio , García-Oliva Felipe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As demand for avocado climbs, avocado production in Michoacán—Mexico’s biggest avocado growing region—expands into new places. We use a spatial probit model to project the geographic distribution of likely future avocado expansion and analyze those results to determine (a) threats to specific forest types and (b) how the distribution of avocado is shifting spatially under current and future climate scenarios. Our results suggest that avocado expansion in Michoacán is strongly driven by distance to existing agriculture, roads, and localities, as well as the dwindling availability of Andosol soils. As future expansion ensues, it presents risk of forest loss across various forest types, with pine-oak forest, mesophilic montane forest, and oyamel fir forest being of particular concern. Moreover, our results suggest that avocado production will occupy wider ranges in terms of temperature, precipitation, slope steepness and soil. The model predicts that climate change will alter the spatial distribution of avocado plantings, expanding into forest types at lower and at higher elevations. Forest loss threatens ecosystem degradation, and a wider avocado crop production footprint could lead to orchard establishment into dwindling forests that host a high diversity of native oaks and charismatic species, including the monarch butterfly.
Boosting climate change mitigation potential of perennial lignocellulosic crops grown on marginal lands
Authors: Martinez-Feria R A , Basso B , Kim S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer (NF) is a major uncertainty surrounding the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of lignocellulosic biofuels. NF enhances agronomic yields and soil C inputs via plant litters, but results in soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition, soil N2O fluxes, and a large fossil energy footprint. Thus, whether NF is beneficial or detrimental to the GHG mitigation of biofuels is unknown. Here, we show the potential GHG mitigation of fertilizing switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) at the NF rate that minimizes net GHG emissions across 7.1 million ha of marginal lands in the Midwest US, with long-term production advantages surpassing emitted GHG by 0.66 Mg CO2e ha−1 yr−1 on the aggregate. Marginal lands limited by poor N fertility could see a much greater benefit, but not SOC-rich lands, limited by low precipitation, or short growing seasons. The objectives of maximizing yield and minimizing GHG overlap only in a few environments, suggesting that maximum yield will reduce the climate benefit of cellulosic biofuels.
Observational constraint on the future projection of temperature in winter over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6 models
Authors: Peng Yuzhuo , Duan Anmin , Hu Wenting , Tang Bin , Li Xinyu , Yang Xianyi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is known as one of the sentinels of global climate change. Substantial winter warming over the TP will likely lead, directly or indirectly, to a series of geological disasters such as snow and glacial avalanches. Hence, for better adaptation to climate change, it is vital to project the future change in winter temperature over the TP. However, the current state-of-the-art climate models involved in the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) still produce strong cold biases over most parts of the TP in their historical simulations. On the basis of selecting the optimal models, here we use the statistical downscaling method to constrain the projected winter temperature in CMIP6 models. The results show that the regions with the strongest winter warming over the TP will be near the Himalayas and the densely populated eastern regions. The constrained warming magnitude is much greater than that in the ensemble mean of the original 32 CMIP6 models or six best models over these regions. Therefore, early warning and forecasting services should be strengthened for the future temperature over these regions. Moreover, the long-term spatial warming varies greatly under four different future emission scenarios. Under the most severe scenario, the increase in winter temperature near the Himalayas exceeds 10 °C, which will greatly destabilize glaciers in the region, while the increase is only 4 °C–6 °C under the weakest scenario. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to control the future temperature increase at hotspots of climate vulnerability such as the TP.
Biodegradable plastics in aquatic ecosystems: latest findings, research gaps, and recommendations
Authors: Ribba Laura , Lopretti Mary , Montes de Oca-Vásquez Gabriela , Batista Diego , Goyanes Silvia , Vega-Baudrit José Roberto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The negative impact of plastic accumulation in aquatic ecosystems is a known and undeniable problem. However, while many of the scientific community’s countermeasures against such accumulation target the effects of the most common commodity plastics, the consequences of so-called ‘biodegradable’ plastics in those ecosystems are seldom discussed. After all, though their alleged biodegradability sustains the widespread belief that they are harmless to the environment, because a material’s fate determines its classification as biodegradable or not, many plastics classified as biodegradable do not in fact meet the required norms and standards of biodegradability in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, during the past five years, the scientific community has shown that the degradation of such plastics can generate bio-microplastics that have effects similar to or worse than those of conventional microplastics (MPs). Against that background, this review details the latest findings regarding how biodegradable plastics can influence aquatic ecosystems and thus cause adverse health effects in living organisms and/or act as vectors of chemical pollutants. Beyond that, it identifies the key aspects of such trends to be investigated in greater depth, including the need to consider a wider variety of biodegradable plastics and to develop systematic methods that allow quantifying and identifying the remains of those pollutants in living species. Other aspects worth considering include the arrival and mobilisation dynamics of MPs in oceans. The ways in which small animals fed by filtering (e.g. red crabs and other zooplankton organisms) move MPs through the water column and into food webs also merit attention, for those MPs are ingested by numerous species at different trophic levels, at which point bioaccumulation in tissues has to be considered as a factor of toxicity. This review closes with a series of recommendations and perspectives for future studies on ‘biodegradable plastics’ in aquatic ecosystems.