bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the temporal changes of sinus density in patients with acute cerebral sinus vein thrombosis
Authors: khameneh Afshar Ghamari , Abbasi Bita , Amirkhiz Gisoo Darban Hosseini , Akhavan Reza 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Despite the studies performed to characterize the clot’s features in the acute phase in non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), no study has been conducted to evaluate the non-acute phase and the threshold density that warrants further evaluation. Herein, we assessed the temporal changes of sinus density in patients with acute CVST.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we searched our Picture Archiving and Communicating System (PACS) of our hospital between January 2015 and September 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients older than 18-year-old with acute CVST, with available Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Venography (CE-MRV) as the gold standard for confirming the presence and location of thrombosis. The readers were asked to assess the images regarding any subjective abnormal hyper- or hypo-attenuation within the venous sinus structures. Changes in the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of each venous segment during the time-course of the disease and the HU difference of affected sinus with other sinus segments were evaluated.Results: Out of 89 CT scan evaluations, 21 cases (23.6%) were performed in the acute, 38 (42.7%) presented in the subacute, and 30 (33.7%) presented in the chronic stage. In all involved venous sinuses, the mean blood density of various phases was a statistically significant difference. The agreement of the two radiologists to report the hypodense sinus sign was reported to be 0.7.(p-value <0.001).Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that quantitative measurement and qualitative findings of the hypodense sinus sign help to diagnose non-acute CVST better.
Development of two recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral-flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) techniques for the rapid visual detection of Aeromonas salmonicida
Authors: Zhou Shun , Zheng Xujia , Yang Zongrui , Huang Qing , Yi Jingyuan , Su Lin , Guo Baoshan , Xiu Yunji 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida is the pathogen of furunculosis, causing a septicaemic infection that influences both salmonid and non-salmonid fish. Early diagnosis of these contagions is essential for disease surveillance and prevention, so that the rapid and sensitive approach is required. Herein, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay and RPA with a lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) were produced for testing A. salmonicida. The RPA and RPA-LFD primer sets were devised based on the conserved fragment sequence of vapA gene. Then, RPA and RPA-LFD reaction systems were established, and the reaction temperature and time were optimized. After optimization, the RPA method was capable to test A. salmonicida within 10 min and the RPA-LFD method can detect A. salmonicida in only 5 min. The RPA and RPA-LFD methods exhibited high specificity with no cross-reaction with others strains. To assess sensitivity, a partial vapA gene was cloned, and serial plasmid dilutions were created ranging from 1×106 to 1×10− 1 copies/µL. The detection limit of RPA was 1×102 copies/µL and the detection limit of RPA-LFD was 1 copies/µL. For spiked turbot tissue samples, the sensitivity detecting of A. salmonicida was 1.2×101 CFU/mL and 1.2 CFU/mL by RPA and RPA-LFD, respectively. Therefore, our RPA and RPA-LFD assays exhibited excellent specificity and sensitivity, which provided two simple, fast and dependable methods to conduct large-scale field investigations of A. salmonicida in resource-limited settings.
Technology and use of a Middle Palaeolithic toolkit. The example of the Ciota Ciara cave (NW Italy)
Authors: Berruti Gabriele L.F. , Daffara Sara , Fuselli Paola , Arzarello Marta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A technological and functional approach has been used to face the study of the lithic artefacts made in allochthonous raw materials from level 14 of the Ciota Ciara cave. The site it is the only reliable source of information about the Middle Palaeolithic peopling of north-western Italy. According to the results coming from different studies, the level 14 attests the phases of most intense frequentation of the cave, and it is the layer where allochthonous lithic raw materials are better represented. In a technological context already described as markedly opportunistic, where reduction sequences are strongly adapted to the characteristics of the local rocks available in the surrounding of the site, some tools and unretouched flake, made in raw materials collected at a distance between 2 and 30 km, have been introduced in the site. The present work is aimed to the understanding of the role of these artefacts within the technological organization of the Neanderthal groups that inhabited the cave. The obtained results indicate that these “exotic” artefacts were part of the mobile toolkit of the human groups of the Ciota Ciara cave and that they were multifunctional tools extensively used for different activities (mainly butchering activities). The obtained data led also to some observations about the technology of these Neanderthal groups and on their capability in terms of planning and forecasting during land mobility.
Population transcriptomic analysis identifies the comprehensive lncRNAs landscape of spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yang Guang , Deng Pingchuan , Guo Qifan , Shi Tingrui , Pan Wenqiu , Cui Licao , Liu Xiaoqin , Nie Xiaojun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in eukaryotes and play crucial roles in plant growth and development as well as stress response. However, current lncRNA studies were mainly performed at the individual level and those associated with spike architecture remain elusive in wheat.
Results
In this study, RNA-seq of 186 spike samples were used to identify the lncRNA landscape in wheat spike. A total of 35,913 lncRNAs as well as 1,619 lncRNA-mRNA pairs comprised of 443 lncRNAs and 464 mRNAs were obtained. The lncRNAs displayed rather low conservation among wheat and other gramineous species. Genetic diversity analysis based on population genomics showed that obvious genetic bottleneck effect occurred on these lncRNAs during wheat domestication. Regulatory network analysis revealed that 122 lncRNA could act as ceRNA to involve in endogenous competition. Association analysis of candidate lncRNA-mRNA pairs identified 170 lncRNAs and 167 target miRNAs significantly associated with spike-related traits, including lncRNA.127690.1/TraesCS2A02G518500.1 (PMEI) and lncRNA.104854.1/TraesCS6A02G050300.1 (ATG5) were related to heading date and spike length, respectively.
Conclusions
This study provided the first pan-lncRNA data of bread wheat spike, which will contribute to the future use of lncRNA for improving the spike or yield-related traits in wheat and beyond.
Recovering Wavelengths from highly compressed speckle patterns by Deep learning
Authors: Wang Tianliang , Tao Jinchao , Wang Xu , Liang Qin , Tian Hongming , Zhou Pengwei , Qiu Yanqing , Mao Bangning , Meng Yanlong , Zhao Chunliu , Kang Juan , Wang Le , Li Yi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recovering the wavelengths from disordered speckle patterns has become an exciting prospect as a wavelength measurement method due to its high resolution and simple design. In previous studies, panel cameras were often utilized as the speckle images receiver. However, high cost (especially at near infrared range), large size and low speed limit its application in optical communications, metrology and optical sensing. In this work, the speckle patterns were highly compressed into four intensities by using a quadrant detector (QD). And wavelengths still can be recovered through only four pixels instead of millions of pixels of a camera. A new CNN based demodulation algorithm, shallow residual network (SRN), was proposed to recognize the wavelengths from the highly compressed speckle images. Finally, a wavelength precision of 4 fm (~ 0.5 MHz) with an updating speed of ~ 1 kHz was achieved in the demonstrations. In addition, the SRN shows a broad measurement range and good noise robustness. Compared with camera based system, the QD detection scheme associated with the CNN algorithm provides a compact, high speed, and low cost method to examine the speckle patterns, which opens new routes in many other fields.
Improved functional survival after OHCA is associated with increased advanced airway management at the prefecture level: The All-Japan Utstein Registry
Authors: Onoe Atsunori , Kajino Kentaro , Daya Mohamud R. , Nakamura Fumiko , Nakajima Mari , Kishimoto Masanobu , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Muroya Takashi , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has high incidence and mortality. The survival benefit of advanced airway management (AAM) for OHCA remains controversial. In Japan, AAM are performed for OHCA by EMS, however the relationship between resuscitation outcomes and AAM at the prefecture level has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to describe the association between AAM and neurologically favorable survival (CPC ≦ 2) at prefecture level.
Methods
This was a retrospective, population-based study of adult OHCA patients ( ≧ 18) from 2014 to 2017 in Japan. We categorized OHCA into four quartiles based on AAM by prefecture and assessed the CPC ≦ 2 for each quartile. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess impact of AAM on survival.
Results
Among 493,577 OHCA cases, 403,707 matched our inclusion criteria. They were classified into quartiles based on AAM by prefecture (G1: Lowest AAM group, G4: Highest AAM group). The number of CPC ≦ 2 survivors increased from G1 to G4. In the adjusted multivariable regression, higher AAM use was associated with CPC ≦ 2.
Conclusions
High prefecture AAM use was associated with neurologically favorable survival (CPC ≦ 2) in OHCA. Further studies are needed to better understand these finding.
Incidence of hepatitis E virus among elevated liver enzyme (ALT, AST) Sudanese patients, Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Musa Myada Ahmed , Fawzi Amira Altom 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is a newly recognized serious threat to global public health and Africa is suspected to be among the most severely affected regions in the world.
Objective
This study aimed to detect the frequency of anti-hepatitis E IgM, among elevated liver enzyme patients.
Methods
The current study is descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between April to august 2016, Ninety Patients with high liver enzyme ALT&AST and non B non C hepatitis attended Ibn senaa hospital Khartoum north, Omdurman teaching hospital and bahri teaching hospital bahri north, sedan were collected and tested by using (ELISA) kit
Results
show that Out of the 90 samples tested in order to evaluate the effect of age on HEV seropositivity, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between HEV seropositivity and age group,
Conclusion
study demonstrates the high prevalence rate of HEV seropositivity among non-hepatitis patients with high level enzyme ALT, AST. This will raise the potential risk of HEV infection by blood transfusion and may be the source of the outbreak.
Preoperative imaging is essential for pathologically complete resection of the urachal remnant without unnecessary and excessive surgical invasion
Authors: NAKAGAWA Yoichi , SUMIDA Wataru , AMANO Hizuru , UCHIDA Hiroo , HINOKI Akinari , SHIROTA Chiyoe , MAKITA Satoshi , OKAMOTO Masamune , OGATA Seiya , TAKIMOTO Aitaro , TAKADA Shunya , KATO Daiki , GOHDA Yousuke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to determine whether our policy of selecting the appropriate urachal remnant (UR) resection approach is valid. We performed preoperative imaging to examine whether the UR continued toward the bladder apex. If the UR continued toward the bladder apex, then we excised the UR and bladder apex using the trans-umbilical approach adding laparoscopy in needed. If preoperative imaging indicated that the UR ended near the umbilicus, then we resected the UR from the umbilicus to the duct end. Pathological evaluations were performed to determine the appropriateness of the surgical approach indicated by preoperative imaging.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed pediatric UR patients who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2021. Their background characteristics and surgical outcomes were evaluated.
Results
Twenty UR patients were evaluated (median age, 7 years; range, 8 days-12 years). The UR continued toward the bladder apex in 10 patients and ended near the umbilicus in 10 patients. Urachus tissue at the bladder site was observed when the UR and bladder apex were excised. When the UR was resected from the umbilicus to the duct end, urachus tissue was not pathologically detected at the resection margin.
Conclusions
Our policy leads to complete resection without excessive surgical invasion.
Prevalence and multidrug resistance of Enterococcus species isolated from chickens at slaughterhouses in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand
Authors: Noenchat Pattarakitti , Nhoonoi Chawakorn , Srith Thanawan , Lertpiriyasakulkit Sujeeporn , Sornplang Pairat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Enterococcus is a commensal bacteria found in humans and animals, which can cause human nosocomial infections. One of the most contaminated enterococcal sources is poultry meat. Therefore, this study examined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Enterococcus from chickens and their meat products at local slaughterhouses in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. Between January 2021 and March 2022, 558 samples from 279 cloacal swabs and breast meat were collected from 31 local slaughterhouses. Then, the samples were screened for Enterococcus using modified de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar. Next, selected Gram-positive, catalase-negative, and cocci-shaped colonies were investigated for enterococcal confirmation using Enterococcosel Agar. However, the disk diffusion method investigated positive Enterococcus resistance profiles to 16 antimicrobial agents. Finally, selected phenotypic multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus isolates were further assessed to identify AMR genes by polymerase chain reaction. Investigations showed that although the prevalence of Enterococcus isolates from the chicken cloacal swabs and meat samples was 28.85% (161/558), most Enterococcus isolates were resistant to colistin, followed by cefoxitin, cephalexin, and streptomycin. These isolates also showed MDR prevalence (65.22%; 105/161) and 66 patterns. Furthermore, selected MDR Enterococcus (MDRE) from cloacal swabs and meat were positive for the resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase TEM (ESBL-TEM) genes at 71.43% (20/28) and 78.26% (18/23), respectively, whereas other AMR genes detected in the selected MDR enterococci from the cloacal swabs and meat were beta-lactamase TEM [blaTEM (0%, 1.96%)], class 1 integrase [intI1 (14.28%, 0%)], colistin [mrc–1 (3.57%, 0%)], and vancomycin [vanA (14.28%, 0%)]. This study indicated that phenotypic MDRE correlated with ESBL-TEM gene presence, leading to an AMR reservoir that can be transferred to other bacteria.
Absence of national framework challenges group-based education to adults with type 1 diabetes – A qualitative study.
Authors: Cairns Sophie Rodebjer , Sjöström Elisabeth Stoltz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia. The condition is treated with insulin therapy and involves self-administrating multiple daily doses of insulin, adjusted based on glucose, exercise, carbohydrate- and food intake. Dietitians in diabetes offer specialist evidence-based advice to patients and provide education in either individual or group settings. The purpose of this study was to explore dietitians’ perception of, and role in, group-based education as well as prospects for development. The study also focuses on the framework for group-based patient education.
Methods
This was a qualitative descriptive study conducted in Sweden using a strategic sampling of dietitians working in adult diabetes care. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants and data were analysed using a content analysis approach.
Results
This study included ten dietitians with a median experience of 14.5 years in diabetes care. The informants were all appreciative of patient education and how it benefited the patients being part of group processes, but the informants did also suggest that there were challenges for their personal and professional role. The main challenges reported was to adjust the level of depth and complexity to the information provided and the lack of possibility to individualize the education-sessions in a heterogenic group. None of the dietitians reported performing pre-assessment or follow-up audits on the group-based patient education.
Conclusions
This study addresses the requirement of a patient-centred approach to deliver a diabetes care that is equal, cost-effective and outcome driven. There was a great optimism and engagement from the informants to evolve group-based education to adults with T1DM, but the informants experienced a lack of framework that addressed the challenges suggested in this study, and of making group-based education a part of systematic and standardised care. Still, there were many examples of patient-centred care, and patients benefiting from group-based education. Therefore, we suggest that diabetes education in Sweden should be reviewed for a national standardization.
Characterization of the Effects of High Intensity Negative Current Pulses on Metal Transfer and Melting Rate in the AC-GMAW Process
Authors: Rosa Alisson Fernandes da , Cirino Luciano Machado , Schaeffer Claudio Marques , Schwedersky Mateus Barancelli , Silva Regis Régis Henrique Gonçalves e 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The use of variants of the GMAW process has become an affordable option in industry. Alternating current Gas Metal Arc Welding (AC-GMAW) arises as one of them, providing additional degrees of freedom for process controllability and versatility. This study focused on the analysis of a complex waveform of the AC-GMAW process for welding stainless steel, employed in modern synergic programs, which has not been widely disseminated in the technical literature and assessed scientifically. The main objective was to characterize the effects of high intensity pulses in negative polarity over the process and to discuss the potential of this strategy, since it has not been used in conventional AC synergic programs. In order to bring to light information on the phenomena involved, such as the arc climbing on the wire electrode, advanced techniques of high-speed videography were used, synchronized with the acquisition of electrical welding process signals, as well as infrared thermography, to verify the evolution of the cooling of the piece after welding. The results grounded discussions on different AC-GMAW waveforms. The process´s electrical data, along with images of the arc and analysis of the wire melting and workpiece thermal behavior, showed that there was a significant visible increase in wire melting during the negative pulse. In addition, it evidenced how the negative electrode increment contributed to the increase in wire melting even at lower power and also showed the thermal effects on the workpiece.
Adopting Courtyards as a Passive Cooling Technique in Mid-rise Buildings – A Feasibility Study
Authors: M Sona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Courtyards have been an integral part of the buildings in tropical areas, through centuries. The study specifically focuses on analysing the efficiency of adopting courtyards as a passive cooling technique in mid-rise buildings the tropical setting of Calicut, Kerala. It examines the energy performance of courtyards in this context, with respect to natural ventilation combining the effect of the thermal comfort parameters – air temperature and air velocity. Furthermore, it establishes the factors that influence the micro-climate of the building that in turn affect its cooling capacity. The trend in cooling performance of the building is observed for a specific day and extrapolated for the entire year. The study further extends to understand the extent of feasibility of the use of courtyards, by establishing a relation between space utility of the building and its energy performance. It presents a holistic overview of the thermal performance of courtyards in a residential mid-rise building in Calicut, Kerala.
Sertoli cell survival and barrier function are regulated by miR-181c/d-Pafah1b1 axis during mammalian spermatogenesis
Authors: Feng Yue , Chen Dake , Wang Tiansu , Zhou Jiawei , Xu Wenning , Xiong Hao , Bai Rong , Wu Shang , Li Jialian , Li Fenge 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sertoli cells contribute to the formation of the blood-testis barrier (BTB), which is necessary for normal spermatogenesis. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as posttranscriptional regulatory elements in BTB function during spermatogenesis. Our previous study has shown that miR-181c or miR-181d (miR-181c/d) is highly expressed in testes from boars at 60 days old compared with at 180 days old. Herein, we found that overexpression of miR-181c/d via miR-181c/d mimics in murine Sertoli cells (SCs) or miR-181c/d-overexpressing lentivirus in murine testes perturbs BTB function by altering BTB-associated protein distribution at the Sertoli cell-cell interface and F-actin organization, but this in vivo perturbation disappears approximately six weeks after the final treatment. We also found that miR-181c/d represses Sertoli cell proliferation and promotes its apoptosis. Moreover, miR-181c/d regulates Sertoli cell survival and barrier function by targeting platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1 (Pafah1b1) gene. Furthermore, miR-181c/d suppresses PAFAH1B1 expression, reduces the complex of PAFAH1B1 with IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 1, and inhibits CDC42/PAK1/LIMK1/Cofilin pathway which is required for F-actin stabilization. In total, our results reveal the regulatory axis of miR-181c/d-Pafah1b1 in cell survival and barrier function of Sertoli cells, and provide additional insights into miRNA functions on the spermatogenesis process in mammals.
Alteration of rhesus macaque serum N-glycome during infection with the human parasitic filarial nematode Brugia malayi
Authors: Petralia Laudine M.C. , Santha Esrath , Behrens Anna-Janina , Nguyen D. Linh , Ganatra Mehul B. , Taron Christopher H. , Khatri Vishal , Kalyanasundaram Ramaswamy , Diepen Angela van , Hokke Cornelis H. , Foster Jeremy M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Serum N-glycan profiling studies during the past decades have shown robust associations between N-glycan changes and various biological conditions, including infections, in humans. Similar studies are scarcer for other mammals, despite the tremendous potential of serum N-glycans as biomarkers for infectious diseases in animal models of human disease and in the veterinary context. To expand the knowledge of serum N-glycan profiles in important mammalian model systems, in this study, we combined MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and HILIC-UPLC profiling of released N-glycans together with glycosidase treatments to characterize the glycan structures present in rhesus macaque serum. We used this baseline to monitor changes in serum N-glycans during infection with Brugia malayi, a parasitic nematode of humans responsible for lymphatic filariasis, in a longitudinal cohort of infected rhesus macaques. Alterations of the HILIC-UPLC profile, notably of abundant structures, became evident as early as 5 weeks post-infection. Given its prominent role in the immune response, contribution of immunoglobulin G to serum N-glycans was investigated. Finally, comparison with similar N-glycan profiling performed during infection with the dog heartworm Dirofilaria immitis suggests that many changes observed in rhesus macaque serum N-glycans are specific for lymphatic filariasis.