bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A protective, single-visit TB vaccination regimen by co-administration of a subunit vaccine with BCG
Authors: Mortensen Rasmus , Dijkman Karin , Lindenstrøm Thomas , Rosenkrands Ida , Søe Rikke , Woodworth Joshua , Arlehamn Cecilia Lindestam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The only licensed tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), fails to reliably protect adolescents and adults from pulmonary TB, resulting in approximately 1.6 million deaths annually. Protein subunit vaccines have shown promise against TB in clinical studies. Unfortunately, most subunit vaccines require multiple administrations, which increase the risk of loss to follow up and necessitates more complex and costly logistics. Given the well-documented adjuvant effect of BCG, we hypothesized that BCG co-administration could compensate for a reduced number of subunit vaccinations. To explore this, we developed an expression-optimized version of our H107 vaccine candidate (H107e), which does not cross-react with BCG. In the CAF®01 adjuvant, a single dose of H107e induced inferior protection compared to three H107e/CAF®01 administrations. However, co-administering a single-dose of H107e/CAF®01 with BCG significantly improved protection, which was equal to BCG co-administered with three H107e/CAF®01 doses. Importantly, combining BCG with a single H107e/CAF®01 dose also increased protection in previously BCG primed animals. Overall, a single dose of H107e/CAF®01 with BCG induced long-lived immunity and triggered BCG-specific Th17 responses. These data supports co-administration of BCG and subunit vaccines in both BCG naïve and BCG primed individuals as an improved TB vaccine strategy with reduced number of vaccination visits
Associations between body circumference and testosterone levels and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ning Lin , Sun Jianguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUD: Body circumference and testosterone levels has been reported as associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) risk. However, whether body circumference and testosterone levels play a role in the development of MAFLD remains inconclusive.
METHODS: Using a large database of genome-wide association studies, genetic loci that are independent of each other and strongly associated with body circumference and testosterone levels were selected as instrumental variables, the causal relationship between body circumference and testosterone and risk of MAFLD was investigated by two-sample Mendelian randomization methods such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator (WME), using the odds ratios (ORs) as evaluation indicators.
RESULTS: A total of 377 SNPs were included as instrumental variables in this study, including 3 for neck circumference, 165 for waist circumference, 78 for hip circumference, and 131 for testosterone levels. Using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method described above to derive a causal association between exposure and outcome, the IVW method was used as the primary method of analysis, and the results of the analysis showed a causal association between all four exposure factors and MAFLD, with an OR of neck circumference was 0.87,95%CI:0.78~0.98, P=0.018; and an OR of waist circumference of 2.88, 95%CI: 1.73 to 4.81, P<0.001, OR of hip circumference was 0.48, 95%CI:0.24~0.96, P=0.039, and an OR of testosterone level of 1.75, 95%CI:1.17~2.62, P=0.006. Cochran Q test by IVW and MR-Egger method showed that SNPs did not have intergenic heterogeneity, and the test for pleiotropy indicated a weak possibility of pleiotropy in the causal analysis.
CONCLUSION: The results of the two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis showed that waist circumference and testosterone level were risk factors for MAFLD, and the incidence of MAFLD increased as both increased; neck circumference and hip circumference were protective factors for MAFLD, and the risk of MAFLD decreased as both increased.
RETRACTED: Are Generic Imatinib Formulations Really as Effective as Originial Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Real Life Data
Authors: Kırcalı Ekin , Seval Güldane Cengiz , Bozdağ Sinem Civriz , Toprak Selami Koçak , Yüksel Meltem Kurt , Arslan Önder , Özcan Muhit , Demirer Taner , Gürman Günhan , İlhan Osman , Akan Hamdi , Beksaç Meral , Topçuoğlu Pervin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Measurement, prevalence, causes, and health outcomes of co-existing multiple high-risk factors in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wu Tingting , Ding Weijie , Wang Hui , Fawad Muhammad , Adane Akilew , Dai Xiaochen , Zhu Xiaoqin , Xu Xiaolin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The co-occurrence of multiple high-risk factors during pregnancy (MHFP) is becoming increasingly common in transitioning populations, and may cause higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We performed a systematic review to better understand and summarize current evidence on MHFP.
Methods
Of 10,502 studies found, 46 original research met the inclusion criteria. Existing evidence on the measurement and definition, prevalence, causes, and health outcomes of MHFP were extracted and synthesized. The prevalence of MHFP was pooled through meta-analysis with random effects model. The linear regression model was used to estimate the trends of MHFP prevalence stratified by income levels of countries.
Results
Among 46 included studies, 76% were from high-income countries (HICs). The definition and types of high-risk factors in pregnancy are complex, multidimensional, and subjective. Four dimensions of MHFP were identified, including physical conditions, mental conditions, social-behavioural problems, and pregnancy history. Co-existing multiple physical conditions were the most common MHFP patterns, and anxiety-depression was the most studied MHFP pair. The overall pooled prevalence of MHFP was 16% according to included studies, with similar prevalence in HICs and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, publications from LMICs were limited. Only three studies investigated the potential causes of MHFP. MHFP would affect women and their children’s health at multiple life stages.
Conclusion
The definition, measurement, potential clustered patterns, causes, and health outcomes of MHFP are poorly reported and highly variable. Relevant studies, including prospective cohort studies and randomized control trials, are warranted to provide more evidence on MHFP, so as better design and implement prevention and intervention programmes.
Transcriptome sequencing of ceRNA network constructing in status epilepticus mice treated by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Zhang Shaotian , Zou Huihui , Zou Xiaopei , Ke Jiaqia , Zheng Bofang , Chen Xinrun , Zhou Xianju , Wei Jiana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

It is shown that much advances were made in the treatment of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for neurological and psychiatric diseases in recent years studies. This study aimed to reveal how rTMS exerts it therapeutic effects by regulating competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA. The distinction in lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression between low-frequency rTMS-treated male SE mice and male SE mice treated with sham rTMS were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out. Gene-Gene Cross Linkage Network was established, and pivotal genes were screened out. qRT-PCR was used to verify gene-gene interactions. In short, there were 1615 lncRNAs, 510 mRNAs and 17 miRNAs differentially expressed between the low-frequency rTMS group and the sham rTMS group. The expression difference of these lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs by microarray detection were consistent with the resutls by qPCR. GO functional enrichment showed that immune-associated molecular mechanisms and biological processes, GABA-A receptor activity play a role in SE mice treated with low-frequency rTMS. As revealed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, differentially expressed genes are correlated to T cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immune deficiency and Th17 cell differentiation signaling pathway. Gene -gene cross linkage network was established on the basis of Pearson's correlation coefficient and miRNA. In conclusion, LF-rTMS alleviates SE through regulating the GABA-A receptor activity transmission, improving immune functions and biological processes, implicating that LF-rTMS may be a viable therapeutic option for epilepsy.
Comprehensive Statistics of Test Scores Based on the Thought of Relative Criterion
Authors: Liu Jingang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The comprehensive statistical ranking of exam score is extremely important for tens of millions of Chinese students taking the national college entrance examination every year. With the gradual improvement of people's understanding of the idea of relative criterion, it is found that the traditional statistical method uses the idea of subjective and absolute standard, and there is a large error between its statistical results and the objective reality. This error leads to great problems in talent selection, which should be abandoned. This paper puts forward that the examination results should be like a timing running competition, without the limit of the maximum full score. Under the guidance of the thought of relative criterion, the objective and scientific theory of relative criterion is adopted for the comprehensive statistics of examination results. In this paper, the application of the formula of relative criterion theory to the comprehensive statistics of examination results is expounded step by step from the simple to the profound in combination with the current actual situation; The specific calculation method is given in detail with an example. A simple relative criterion value of similar exchange rate is derived from the comprehensive statistics of ten million scale examinations. And the method of regional statistics based on relative criterion theory is used to solve the problem of disunity of test papers.
Acaricidal activity of Piper nigrum fruit extracts on the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) australis (syn. R. microplus)
Authors: Toussirot Marine , Coulerie Paul , Hüe Thomas , Maciuk Alexandre , Kagy Valérie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The cattle farming parasite Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) australis is the main tick and one of the most important in the world from an economic point of view. Various studies have been developed in order to find plant extracts with effective acaricidal properties and environmentally friendly. Studies involving plant extracts for parasite control on commercial animal herds is a developing area in New Caledonia. Bioactive natural products play an important role as lead compounds in the development of new pesticides.
Results
We screened 200 extracts obtained from 70 plant species against R. (B.) australis (Canestrini 1887 ; syn. R. (B.) microplus) (Acari, Ixodidae) larvae, the cattle tick, an haematophagous parasite The most active extracts were obtained from Piper nigrum L. and especially the ethanolic extract of dried fruits as well as the ethyl acetate extract and the methanolic extract of stems which all exhibited 100% larvicidal activity. Bio-guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of dried mature fruits using the same assay led to the isolation of five compounds belonging to piperamide family. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods: ESI-HRMS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data, including DEPT and 2D-NMR experiments (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY). These include 1 compound described for the fisrt time in P. nigrum, homopellitorine (2) and 4 known compounds, namely pellitorine (1), pipyaqubine (3), 2-methylpropylamide (4) and N-isobutyl-2,4-eicosadienamide (5).
Conclusion
This first report on the larvicidal activity of P. nigrum extract and pure compounds on this tick species suggests that P. nigrum could be a natural biosourced alternative for the control of the larval stage of R. australis (syn. R. microplus).
Negative phototaxis of jumping cocooned parasitoid wasp larvae against short wavelengths and physicochemical properties of the cocoon shell
Authors: Iwase Shun-ichiro , Sugawara Yuma , Fukuda Katsuto , Tuda Midori 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A parasitoid wasp, Bathyplectes anurus, is a successful biocontrol agent against the alfalfa weevil, a pest of beneficial fabaceous plants such as alfalfa and chinese milk vetch. One of the possible reasons for the success in hot climates may be the ability of the cocooned larvae of this wasp to repeatedly jump and roll until they relocate themselves away from detrimental sunlight and heat. It is not yet known which wavelengths of light trigger the larval avoidance behavior, and microstructure of the cocoon shell that should allow light transmission. Here, the response of the cocooned larvae to different wavelengths, and the microstructure, hardness and elemental components of the cocoon shell were studied. A population of cocooned larvae were introduced on the boundary line between illuminated and shaded areas with blue, green, red, or near-infrared light-emitting diodes. The cocoons moved away from the blue and green light. The distance from the boundary to the cocoons in the shaded area was longer under these long wavelengths, followed by the red light and shortest under the near-infrared light and nil under darkness. No difference was found in mortality between different wavelengths after three days of illumination. Scanning electron microscope observations of the surface of the cocoon shell revealed that the belt-like middle ridge was porous with fibers, which likely allows ventilation and light transmission. The ridge and main body showed similar elemental composition, except that the ridge contained higher proportions of sulfur and calcium and was 1.9 times harder than the main body.
Analytical methodology for novel film forming mafenide spray: Assay and Drug excipient compatibility study by HPLC-PDA
Authors: Mahajan Rupali , Chandragiri Saiteja , Gananadhamu Samanthula , Borse Vivek , Asthana Amit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the short, precise, and accurate reverse-phase HPLC method for quantifying mafenide in the final product of a film-forming spray formulation. Further, the method is validated per the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The chromatographic separation of the formulation was achieved using mobile phase A as 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and mobile phase B as methanol (HPLC grade) in the ratio of 85:15 V/V. Several columns were screened, and finally, InertSustain C8 (4.6 x 250 mm), spherical 5µm particle size, was chosen for the final method. The chromatography was carried at ambient room temperature with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. For the detection of the analyte, 222 nm (λmax) was selected after scanning the sample in the PDA detector. The developed method was linear in the range of 5 ppm to 25 ppm of mafenide. The method proposed here has an excellent regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9995 with a precision of results less than 2% RSD. The percentage recovery values and assay readings of 98–102% were achieved. The LOD of the method developed was found to be 19 ng/mL, and the LOQ determined was 58 ng/mL. The study was further extended to know any Drug-Excipient interaction to prove that there is no interference between the excipients and Mafenide hydrochloride in a spray formulation.
LncRNA MEG3 regulates ASK1/JNK axis-mediated apoptosis and autophagy via sponging miR-23a in yak granulosa cells
Authors: Han Xiao-Hong , Pan Yang-Yang , Fan Jiang-Feng , Wang Meng , Wang Li-Bin , Wang Jing-Lei , Afedo Seth Yaw , Wang Ya-Ying , Zhao Ling , Zhao Tian , Zhang Tong-Xiang , Zhang Rui , Cui Yan , Yu Si-Jiu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Apoptosis and autophagy in granulosa cells (GCs) are highly related to follicular development and atresia. LncRNA MEG3, miR-23a, and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK-1) have also been reported to be associated with apoptosis and autophagy. However, their relationship to follicular development and the extent to which follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) can regulate this process remains unknown in yak GCs. Here, the effect of LncRNA MEG3 / miR-23a on apoptosis and autophagy via ASK1 (Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1) / JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in yak GCs were studied. Overexpressing LncRNA MEG3 reduced miR-23a levels and p-967 protein expression, but enhanced ASK1 and JNK mRNA levels as well as t-ASK1, p-845, t-JNK, and p-JNK proteins levels, and promoted apoptosis while attenuating autophagy. Then, the interaction between LncRNA MEG and miR-23a and both miR-23a and ASK1 via dual-luciferase reporter assay was also confirmed. The relationship between LncRNA MEG3 and miR-23a was observed as a negative feedback regulation for ASK1/JNK axis via pcDNA3.1-MEG3 or miR-23a transfection which mimicked alone or in co-transfection. In addition, FSH (10 μg/mL) or LH (100 μg/mL) ability to reverse the effects of LncRNA MEG3 on miR-23a levels and ASK1/JNK axis-mediated apoptosis and autophagy was verified in yak GCs. This is significantly beneficial for decreasing abnormal follicular atresia.
Facile hydrothermal synthesis of N-doped commercial activated carbon for zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Zhao Qian , Wang Yang , Xie Xingchen , Yu Chongyan , Gong Xinyu , Wang Ni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A one-step hydrothermal method was employed to treat commercial activated carbon (AC) with sodium azide as the nitrogen source. The characterizations confirmed the successful incorporation of N dopant into the surface of commercial activated carbon (NAC) and the increase in specific surface area, which indicates that nitrogen-doped activated carbon has excellent properties in ion adsorption and electron transfer. An NTC-based aqueous zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHS) is fabricated and shows an energy density of 232.4 Wh kg-1 at 0.1 A g-1 with a voltage window of 2.0 V and long-term GCD stability up to 10000 cycles. Considering the low-cost raw materials and surface modification at a relatively low temperature, the proposed technical route can be viewed as a promising method for the modification of carbon-based materials and application in next-generation energy storage devices.
Survival benefit with re-resection and optimal time to re-resection in gallbladder cancer: a national cancer database study
Authors: Shah Shivani , Sweeney Ryan , Wegner Rodney E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Gallbladder cancer is often diagnosed incidentally after cholecystectomy. Most patients will then undergo re-resection for potential residual disease, however overall survival (OS) benefit data in this scenario is variable. In this National Cancer Database analysis (NCDB) we compare OS in patients diagnosed with T1b – T3 gallbladder cancer who underwent re-resection and evaluate if time to resection impacts OS.
Methods: We reviewed the NCDB for patients who had received initial cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer and were subsequently eligible for re-resection based on tumor stage (T1b-T3 disease). Patients with re-resection were subdivided into four cohorts based on time to re-resection: 0-4 weeks, 5-8 weeks, 9-12 weeks and >12 weeks. We used a Cox proportional hazards ratio to identify factors associated with worse survival and logistic regression to evaluate characteristics associated with re-resection. OS was calculated using Kaplan Meier curves.
Results: 791 (5.82%) patients received re-resection. Cox proportional hazards analysis showed a Comorbidity Score of 1 was associated with worse survival. Patients with higher Comorbidity Scores and treatment at comprehensive community, integrated or academic cancer programs were less likely to undergo re-resection. Re-resection showed significantly improved OS [HR 0.87; 95 CI 0.77-0.98; p=0.0203]. Significantly improved OS was noted when re-resection was completed at 5-8 weeks, 9-12 weeks, or >12 weeks.
Conclusion: Optimal timing to re-resection in gallbladder cancer supports previous data showing benefit at >4 weeks. However, there was no significant survival difference as to whether re-resection was completed at 5-8 weeks, 9-12 weeks, or > 12 weeks post initial cholecystectomy.
Forest landscape dynamics after large-scale fires in western Patagonia: evidencing surprising temperate forest recovery trends
Authors: Hernández-Moreno Ángela , Soto Daniel P. , Miranda Alejandro , Holz Andrés , Armenteras-Pascual Dolors 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Context
Western Chilean Patagonia is an isolated temperate region with a proportion of IFL that was subjected to large-scale fires over 60 years ago. However, there is no empirical evaluation of the land cover dynamics to establish the forest loss and recovery rate and the effect on the landscape structure and function, and remanent IFL following the fires.
Objectives
The present study addressed the following questions: (1) What have been the main trends of the land cover dynamics between 1984–2018 after earlier fires, and how have these trends shaped the spatial patterns and potential carbon stock of forests in the western Patagonia landscape? (2) What proportion of forest landscape remains intact following fires in this region?
Methods
We selected the Coyhaique Province (1,231,910 ha) in western Chilean Patagonia as the study area. Land cover maps for three dates (1984, 2000, 2018) were used to evaluate the landscape dynamics after fires. A map of persistence and change occurrence was made to estimate the IFL area over the 1984–2018 period. Landscape metrics were used to assess landscape structure change, and potential carbon stock was based on a literature review.
Results
Following fires, the main land cover changes between 1984–2018 were loss of ~ 32,600 ha of old-growth forest and a recovery of ~ 69,000 ha of second-growth forest. The increase in second-growth forest area mainly resulted from trajectories originating from agricultural cover, which lost ~ 41% of the area. Despite these changes, ~ 61% of the area could potentially remain as IFL after fires. Over the 1984–2018 period, a slight increase in fragmentation of old-growth forest, and a decline in second-growth forest were found. Coyhaique Province, experienced a slight increase (3.6%) in overall potential carbon stock maybe as a result of second-growth forest recovery.
Conclusions
Our study provides key evidence for understanding spatial patterns of forest recovery following chronic fires, which is crucial for predicting forest landscape resistance to anthropogenic disturbances in one of the few temperate regions with forest recovery in the southern hemisphere.