bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partnering with a Senior Living Community to Optimise Teledermatology Via Full Body Skin Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Programme
Authors: Trinh Pavin , Yekrang Kiana , Phung Michelle , Pugliese Silvina , Chang Anne Lynn S. , Bailey Elizabeth E. , Ko Justin M. , Sarin Kavita Y. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Elderly patients in senior communities faced high barriers to care during the COVID-19 pandemic, including increased vulnerability to COVID-19, long quarantines for clinic visits, and difficulties with telemedicine adoption.

Objective
To pilot a new model of dermatologic care to overcome barriers for senior living communities during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess patient satisfaction.

Methods
From 16 November 2020 to 9 July 2021, this quality improvement programme combined in-residence full body imaging with real-time outlier lesion identification and virtual teledermatology. Residents from the Sequoias Portola Valley Senior Living Retirement Community (Portola Valley, California) voluntarily enroled in the Stanford Skin Scan Programme. Non-physician clinical staff with a recent negative COVID-19 test travelled on-site to obtain in-residence full body photographs using a mobile app-based system on an iPad called SkinIO that leverages deep learning to analyse patient images and suggest suspicious, outlier lesions for dermoscopic photos. A single dermatologist reviewed photographs with the patient and provided recommendations via a video visit. Objective measures included follow-up course and number of skin cancers detected. Subjective findings were obtained through patient experience surveys.

Results
Twenty-seven individuals participated, three skin cancers were identified, with 11 individuals scheduled for a follow up in-person visit and four individuals starting home treatment. Overall, 88% of patients were satisfied with the Skin Scan programme, with 77% likely to recommend the programme to others. 92% of patients agreed that the Skin Scan photographs were representative of their skin. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, 100% of patients felt the process was safer or comparable to an in-person visit. Despite overall appreciation for the programme, 31% of patients reported that they would prefer to see dermatologist in-person after the pandemic.

Conclusions
This programme offers a framework for how a hybrid skin scan programme may provide high utility for individuals with barriers to accessing in-person clinics.
In Situ Induced Lattice‐Matched Interfacial Oxygen‐Passivation‐Layer Endowing Li‐Rich and Mn‐Based Cathodes with Ultralong Life
Authors: He Wei , Zhuang Yanping , Mei Jie , Guo Weibin , Chen Feng , Chang Zhanying , Fan Mengjian , Liu Chuan , Wang Laisen , Liu Pengfei , Zhu Zi‐Zhong , Xie Qingshui , Peng Dong‐Liang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe high capacity of Li‐rich and Mn‐based (LRM) cathode materials is originally due to the unique hybrid anion‐ and cation redox, which also induces detrimental oxygen escape. Furthermore, the counter diffusion of released oxygen (into electrolyte) and induced oxygen vacancies (into the interior bulk phase) that occurs at the interface will cause uncontrolled phase collapse and other issues. Therefore, due to its higher working voltage (>4.7 V) than the activation voltage of lattice oxygen in LRM (≈4.5 V), the anion‐redox‐free and structurally consistent cobalt‐free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is selected to in situ construct a robust, crystal‐dense and lattice‐matched oxygen‐passivation‐layer (OPL) on the surface of LRM particles by the electrochemical delithiation to protect the core layered components. As expected, the modified sample displays continuously decreasing interfacial impedance and high specific capacity of 135.5 mAh g‐1 with a very small voltage decay of 0.67 mV per cycle after 1000 cycles at 2 C rate. Moreover, the stress accumulation during cycling is mitigated effectively. This semicoherent OPL strengthens the surface stability and interrupts the counter diffusion of oxygen and oxygen vacancies in LRM cathode materials, which would provide guidance for designing high‐energy‐density layered cathode materials.
Models of Science Policy: From the Linear Model to Responsible Research and Innovation
Authors: Macnaghten Phil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper I discuss four different paradigms through which science and technology have been governed, situating each in historical context. Starting with the ubiquitous ‘linear model of innovation’ I locate its origins and provenance, how it came to be replaced, at least in part, through a ‘grand challenges’ paradigm of science policy and funding; how this paradigm in turn has been subjected to rigorous analytical critique by a co-production model of science and society, and how it is being put into practice, in part, through a framework of responsible research and innovation.
Harmonising Global Public Policy: Producing Global Standards, Local Data and Statistical Capacity Development
Authors: Bandola-Gill Justyna , Grek Sotiria , Tichenor Marlee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the ideas and practices of ‘harmonisation’ by International Organisations (IOs). The concept of harmonisation emerges as one of the central ways in which International Organisations govern the multiplicity of country-level measures to create universal, global-level metrics. By coordinating the multiplicity of actors (including country governments, civil society and various experts), the IOs aim to achieve the development of the universal measures, allowing for comparison between the countries and monitoring of progress across the goals whilst sustaining the country ownership of data and indicators and their active participation in shaping the agenda. In order to achieve this goal, the process of harmonisation requires constant navigation between country-level measures, grounded in specific political and historical contexts, and global standards, striving for universality and internationalisation of measurement.
Scripting the SDGs: The Role of Narratives in Governing by Goals
Authors: Bandola-Gill Justyna , Grek Sotiria , Tichenor Marlee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOne of the central qualities of the ‘political work’ of numbers in global governance is the fact that they can rarely persuade by themselves; instead, we always find them in need of constructing persuasive narratives of crisis, development and progress. This chapter explores the way in which number achieve their political goals through three types of narrative-making practices: through the use of visuals, the application of discourses and through storytelling. As we argue in this chapter, these practices are not ‘add-ons’ but rather are inherently interlinked with the numerical practices. As such, this chapter tends to the ways in which numbers and their stories are mutually constitutive to enable popularisation of numbers, increase their political capacity and enable participation in the process of ‘governing by numbers’.
Quasinormal modes for massive charged scalar fields in Reissner-Nordström dS black holes: anomalous decay rate
Authors: González P. A. , Papantonopoulos Eleftherios , Saavedra Joel , Vásquez Yerko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The anomalous decay rate of the quasinormal modes occurs when the longest-lived modes are the ones with higher angular number. Such behaviour has been recently studied in different static spacetimes, for uncharged scalar and fermionic perturbations, being observed in both cases. In this work we consider the propagation of charged massive scalar fields in the background of Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes and we mainly study the effect of the scalar field charge in the spectrum of quasinormal frequencies, as well as, its effect on the anomalous decay rate. Mainly, we show that the anomalous behaviour is present for massive charged scalar fields as well, and a critical value of scalar field mass exists, beyond which the behaviour is inverted. However, there is also a critical value of the parameter qQ of the charge of the scalar field and of the charge of the black hole, which increases when the cosmological constant increases, and beyond the critical value the anomalous behaviour of the decay rate could be avoided for the fundamental mode.
Resurgence and semiclassical expansion in two-dimensional large-N sigma models
Authors: Nishimura Hiromichi , Fujimori Toshiaki , Misumi Tatsuhiro , Nitta Muneto , Sakai Norisuke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The resurgence structure of the 2d O(N) sigma model at large N is studied with a focus on an IR momentum cutoff scale a that regularizes IR singularities in the semiclassical expansion. Transseries expressions for condensates and correlators are derived as series of the dynamical scale Λ (nonperturbative exponential) and coupling λμ renormalized at the momentum scale μ. While there is no ambiguity when a > Λ, we find for a < Λ that the nonperturbative sectors have new imaginary ambiguities besides the well-known renormalon ambiguity in the perturbative sector. These ambiguities arise as a result of an analytic continuation of transseries coefficients to small values of the IR cutoff a below the dynamical scale Λ. We find that the imaginary ambiguities are cancelled each other when we take all of them into account. By comparing the semiclassical expansion with the transseries for the exact large-N result, we find that some ambiguities vanish in the a → 0 limit and hence the resurgence structure changes when going from the semiclassical expansion to the exact result with no IR cutoff. An application of our approach to the ℂPN−1 sigma model is also discussed. We find in the compactified model with the ℤN twisted boundary condition that the resurgence structure changes discontinuously as the compactification radius is varied.
Alpine plant communities differ in their seed germination requirements along a snowmelt gradient in the Caucasus
Authors: Rosbakh Sergey , Fernández-Pascual Eduardo , Mondoni Andrea , Onipchenko Vladimir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMesoscale heterogeneity of alpine landscapes generates snowmelt gradients resulting in a distinct vegetation zonation from almost snow-free fellfields to long-lasting snowbeds. Although the vegetative trait variation along such gradients has been intensively studied, little is known about whether and how seed germination is adapted to the variable snowpack duration. Here, we compare the seed germination niches of 18 characteristic plant species occurring in four distinct plant communities (alpine lichen heath—Festuca varia grassland—Geranium-Hedysarum meadow—snowbed) along an alpine snowmelt gradient in the North Caucasus (Russia). In a fully factorial experiment, we tested seed germination responses to temperature (10/2, 14/6, 18/10, 22/14, 26/18 and 30/22 °C) and water potential (0, − 0.2, − 0.4, − 0.6 and − 0.8 MPa) gradients, reflecting the full spectrum of seedling establishment conditions in the study system. Community-specific germination niches were identified by generalised mixed model with Bayesian estimation. Our study revealed that the species from the four focal communities significantly differed in their temperature requirements for germination, whereas soil moisture was found to be a limiting factor for seedling establishment along the entire gradient. The snowbed germination was constrained to comparatively high temperatures above 10 °C, whereas seed germination in alpine lichen heaths occurred under a wide range of experimental conditions. The seed germination patterns of species from Festuca varia grasslands and Geranium-Hedysarum meadows reflected their intermediate position along the snowmelt gradient. We conclude that seed germination niche is affected by the environmental filtering along the snowmelt gradient thus departing from the general alpine germination syndrome.
CT-like MR-derived Images for the Assessment of Craniosynostosis and other Pathologies of the Pediatric Skull
Authors: Leonhardt Yannik , Kronthaler Sophia , Feuerriegel Georg , Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Schwaiger Benedikt J. , Pfeiffer Daniela , Makowski Marcus R. , Koerte Inga K. , Liebig Thomas , Woertler Klaus , Steinborn Marc-Matthias , Gersing Alexandra S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the diagnostic value of CT-like images based on a 3D T1-weighted spoiled gradient echo-based sequence (T1SGRE) for the visualization of the pediatric skull and the identification of pathologies, such as craniosynostosis or fractures.

Methods
In this prospective study, 20 patients with suspected craniosynostosis (mean age 1.26 ± 1.38 years, 10 females) underwent MR imaging including the T1SGRE sequence and 2 more patients were included who presented with skull fractures (0.5 and 6.3 years, both male). Additionally, the skull of all patients was assessed using radiography or CT in combination with ultrasound. Two radiologists, blinded to the clinical information, evaluated the CT-like images. The results were compared to the diagnosis derived from the other imaging modalities and intraoperative findings. Intrarater and interrater agreement was calculated using Cohen’s κ.

Results
Of the 22 patients 8 had a metopic, 4 a coronal and 2 a sagittal craniosynostosis and 2 patients showed a complex combination of craniosynostoses. The agreement between the diagnosis based on the T1SGRE and the final diagnosis was substantial (Cohen’s κ = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–1.00 for radiologist 1 and κ = 0.76, CI 0.51–1.00 for radiologist 2). Of the patients with fractures, one presented with a ping pong fracture and one with a fracture of the temporal bone. Both radiologists could identify the fractures using the T1SGRE.

Conclusion
The visualization of the pediatric skull and the assessment of sutures using a CT-like T1SGRE MR-sequence is feasible and comparable to other imaging modalities, and thus may help to reduce radiation exposure in pediatric patients. The technique may also be a promising imaging tool for other pathologies, such as fractures.
Are AI systems biased against the poor? A machine learning analysis using Word2Vec and GloVe embeddings
Authors: Curto Georgina , Jojoa Acosta Mario Fernando , Comim Flavio , Garcia-Zapirain Begoña 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAmong the myriad of technical approaches and abstract guidelines proposed to the topic of AI bias, there has been an urgent call to translate the principle of fairness into the operational AI reality with the involvement of social sciences specialists to analyse the context of specific types of bias, since there is not a generalizable solution. This article offers an interdisciplinary contribution to the topic of AI and societal bias, in particular against the poor, providing a conceptual framework of the issue and a tailor-made model from which meaningful data are obtained using Natural Language Processing word vectors in pretrained Google Word2Vec, Twitter and Wikipedia GloVe word embeddings. The results of the study offer the first set of data that evidences the existence of bias against the poor and suggest that Google Word2vec shows a higher degree of bias when the terms are related to beliefs, whereas bias is higher in Twitter GloVe when the terms express behaviour. This article contributes to the body of work on bias, both from and AI and a social sciences perspective, by providing evidence of a transversal aggravating factor for historical types of discrimination. The evidence of bias against the poor also has important consequences in terms of human development, since it often leads to discrimination, which constitutes an obstacle for the effectiveness of poverty reduction policies.
Live process modeling with the BPMN Sketch Miner
Authors: Ivanchikj Ana , Serbout Souhaila , Pautasso Cesare 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBPMN Sketch Miner is a modeling environment for generating visual business process models starting from constrained natural language textual input. Its purpose is to support business process modelers who need to rapidly sketch visual BPMN models during interviews and design workshops, where participants should not only provide input but also give feedback on whether the sketched visual model represents accurately what has been described during the discussion. In this article, we present a detailed description of the BPMN Sketch Miner design decisions and list the different control flow patterns supported by the current version of its textual DSL. We also summarize the user study and survey results originally published in MODELS 2020 concerning the tool usability and learnability and present a new performance evaluation regarding the visual model generation pipeline under actual usage conditions. The goal is to determine whether it can support a rapid model editing cycle, with live synchronization between the textual description and the visual model. This study is based on a benchmark including a large number of models (1350 models) exported by users of the tool during the year 2020. The main results indicate that the performance is sufficient for a smooth live modeling user experience and that the end-to-end execution time of the text-to-model-to-visual pipeline grows linearly with the model size, up to the largest models (with 195 lines of textual description) found in the benchmark workload.
Towards an understanding of multimodal traits of female reproduction in chimpanzees
Authors: Kücklich Marlen , Jänig Susann , Kulik Lars , Birkemeyer Claudia , Weiß Brigitte M. , Widdig Anja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough primates have long been regarded as microsmatic, recent studies indicate that olfaction is an important sensory mode of primate communication, e.g., in the context of reproduction. However, large gaps remain in our understanding of primate olfactory traits, especially in the great apes. Female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) possess an exaggerated sexual swelling, which is an imprecise signal of fertility that is thought to serve to confuse paternity. However, some high-ranking males that copulate most frequently on the days when females are most fertile seem to have more precise information on the timing of ovulation, which suggests the existence of an olfactory fertility trait. In order to examine, and provide evidence for, fertility-related chemical information in female chimpanzees, we used gas chromatography—mass spectrometry to analyze the chemical composition of female body odor collected across the menstrual cycle during various stages of sexual swelling (97 samples of six females). The chemical composition was significantly affected by swelling stage, and eight substances were detected that were strongly related to the latter. The existence of an additional, olfactory, fertility trait may help males to fine-tune their sexual behavior or allow females to strengthen concealment of the exact timing of ovulation, and needs to be further investigated in follow-up studies. The results of our study provide much-needed evidence for the existence of an olfactory cue related to reproduction in chimpanzees, and form a basis for future studies on the interplay between visual and olfactory information on female fertility.
A real-time remote surveillance system for fruit flies of economic importance: sensitivity and image analysis
Authors: Diller Yoshua , Shamsian Aviv , Shaked Ben , Altman Yam , Danziger Bat-Chen , Manrakhan Aruna , Serfontein Leani , Bali Elma , Wernicke Matthias , Egartner Alois , Colacci Marco , Sciarretta Andrea , Chechik Gal , Alchanatis Victor , Papadopoulos Nikos T. , Nestel David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTimely detection of an invasion event, or a pest outbreak, is an extremely challenging operation of major importance for implementing management action toward eradication and/or containment. Fruit flies—FF—(Diptera: Tephritidae) comprise important invasive and quarantine species that threaten the world fruit and vegetables production. The current manuscript introduces a recently developed McPhail-type electronic trap (e-trap) and provides data on its field performance to surveil three major invasive FF (Ceratitis capitata, Bactrocera dorsalis and B. zonata). Using FF male lures, the e-trap attracts the flies and retains them on a sticky surface placed in the internal part of the trap. The e-trap captures frames of the trapped adults and automatically uploads the images to the remote server for identification conducted on a novel algorithm involving deep learning. Both the e-trap and the developed code were tested in the field in Greece, Austria, Italy, South Africa and Israel. The FF classification code was initially trained using a machine-learning algorithm and FF images derived from laboratory colonies of two of the species (C. capitata and B. zonata). Field tests were then conducted to investigate the electronic, communication and attractive performance of the e-trap, and the model accuracy to classify FFs. Our results demonstrated a relatively good communication, electronic performance and trapping efficacy of the e-trap. The classification model provided average precision results (93–95%) for the three target FFs from images uploaded remotely from e-traps deployed in field conditions. The developed and field tested e-trap system complies with the suggested attributes required for an advanced camera-based smart-trap.
Empirically based dimensions of externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: a multitrait-multisource approach
Authors: Thöne Ann-Kathrin , Junghänel Michaela , Görtz-Dorten Anja , Breuer Dieter , del Giudice Teresa , Hanisch Charlotte , Hennemann Thomas , Döpfner Manfred 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study sought to refine knowledge about the structure underlying externalizing dimensions. From a “top-down” ICD/DSM-based perspective, externalizing symptoms can be categorized into attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD). From a “bottom-up” developmental theory-based perspective, disruptive behaviors can be meaningfully described as aggressive (AGG) and rule-breaking (RB) behaviors. We analyzed five large data sets comprising externalizing symptom ratings obtained with a screening instrument using different sources (parents, teachers, self-ratings) from different samples. Using confirmatory factor analyses, we evaluated several factor models (unidimensional; correlated factors; bifactor (S-1) models) derived from an ICD/DSM- and theory-based perspective. Our optimally fitting models were assessed for measurement invariance across all sources, sample settings, and sex. Following several model-based criteria (model fit indices; factor loadings; omega statistics; model parsimony), we discarded our models stepwise and concluded that both the ICD/DSM-based model with three correlated factors (ADHD, ODD, CD) and the developmental theory-based model with three correlated factors (ADHD, AGG, RB) displayed a statistically sound factor structure and allowed for straightforward interpretability. Furthermore, these two models demonstrated metric invariance across all five samples and across sample settings (community, clinical), as well as scalar invariance across sources and sex. While the dimensions AGG and RB may depict a more empirically coherent view than the categorical perspective of ODD and CD, at this point we cannot clearly determine whether one perspective really outperforms the other. Implications for model selection according to our model-based criteria and clinical research are discussed.