bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Sorafenib Combined With Immunotherapy Following Transarterial Chemoembolization for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Qin Jian , Huang Yusheng , Zhou Hanjing , Yi Shouhui 
Published: April 2022

AimThe aim of the study is to compare the efficacy and safety of monotherapy with a sequential immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its combination with multi-target drug sorafenib after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients with advanced HCC who had received sequential PD-1 sorafenib (duplex group, n = 25) or monotherapy PD-1 alone (PD-1 group, n = 41) after TACE during April 2018–September 2021. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to correct the selection bias, and 22 pairs were created. The objective response rate (ORR), duration of the overall response (DOR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were analyzed for both groups.ResultsAfter PSM, the median PFS (7.63 vs. 2.9 months; p = 0.0335) was significantly longer for the duplex group than for the PD-1 group. The median OS (21.63 vs. 16.43 months; p = 0.103) was longer for the duplex group than for the PD-1 group, albeit without any statistical difference. The CR rate, ORR, DCR, and PFS rates at the first, third, and sixth months were higher for the duplex group than for the PD-1 group, wherein the PFS rate of the third and sixth months were statistically different. The OS rates at the sixth, 12th, and 18th months were better for the duplex group than for the PD-1 group, while the 18th-month OS rate (54.5% vs. 33.9%, p = 0.030) were statistically different between them. The most common adverse events after TACE included liver function injury, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia, albeit without any statistical differences between the groups. Cox regression analysis showed that sorafenib combined immunotherapy after TACE and the achieving of CR or PR during the treatment were independent factors affecting PFS. Moreover, CNLC stage-IIIa, TACE frequency ≤2, and achievement of CR or PR were independent influencing factors of OS.ConclusionsSequential PD-1 combined with sorafenib therapy after TACE for advanced HCC treatment is safe and effective, especially for patients with good initial treatment response, to further improve the disease prognosis.
Quality of Life Analysis of HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients in a Randomized Trial of Reduced-Dose Versus Standard Chemoradiotherapy: 5-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Takahashi Mai , Hwang Michael , Misiukiewicz Krysztof , Gupta Vishal , Miles Brett A. , Bakst Richard , Genden Eric , Selkridge Isaiah , Botzler John , Virani Vruti , Moshier Erin , Bonomi Marcelo R. , Posner Marshall R. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma (HPVOPC) portends a more favorable prognosis compared to environmentally related oropharynx cancer (EROPC). Patients with HPVOPC may be overtreated and endure unnecessary long-term toxicities.MethodsPatients with untreated locally advanced HPVOPC received induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) and were randomized to standard chemoradiotherapy (sdCRT) (70 Gy) or reduced-dose chemoradiotherapy (rdCRT) (56 Gy) with weekly carboplatin. Patients were followed for changes in five validated quality of life (QoL) surveys: MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory and Symptom Inventory for head and neck cancer (MDADI, MDASI-HN), Xerostomia Questionnaire (XQ), and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire (EORTC) with head and neck module (EORTC HN). The secondary endpoints of this study were 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsTwenty patients were enrolled and randomized to rdCRT (n = 12) or sdCRT (n = 8). Median follow-up was 88 months. At 5 years, difference in QoL changes all favored the rdCRT arm and two QoL scales reached statistical significance (EORTC global health score: 11.49 vs. -23.94, P = 0.014; EORTC symptom scale: -7.76 vs. 15.19, P = 0.015). The 5-year PFS and OS were 87.5% and 83.3% for sdCRT and rdCRT, respectively.ConclusionsTherefore, rdCRT after TPF in HPVOPC is feasible in accordance with the earlier results of the Quarterback Trial and long-term follow-up. These limited results are more favorable in specific QoL domains compared to those of sdCRT and demonstrate equivalent long-term survival.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01706939, The Quarterback Trial [NCT 01706939].
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Five Rare Pathological Subtypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Xiaoyuan , Lu Yiwei , Shi Xiaoli , Han Guoyong , Zhang Long , Ni Chuangye , Zhao Jie , Gao Yun , Wang Xuehao 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor with several rare pathological subtypes and which is still poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical spectrum of five rare HCC subtypes and develop a competing risk nomogram for cancer-specific survival prediction.MethodsThe study cohort was recruited from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The clinicopathological data of 50,218 patients histologically diagnosed with classic HCC and five rare subtypes (ICD-O-3 Histology Code = 8170/3-8175/3) between 2004 and 2018 were reviewed. The annual percent change (APC) was calculated utilizing Joinpoint regression. The nomogram was developed based on multivariable competing risk survival analyses. Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, C-index, calibration curve, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were obtained to evaluate the prognostic performance. A decision curve analysis was introduced to examine the clinical value of the models.ResultsDespite scirrhous carcinoma, which showed a decreasing trend (APC = -6.8%, P = 0.025), the morbidity of other rare subtypes remained stable from 2004 to 2018. The incidence-based mortality was plateau in all subtypes during the period. Clear cell carcinoma is the most common subtype (n = 551, 1.1%), followed by subtypes of fibrolamellar (n = 241, 0.5%), scirrhous (n = 82, 0.2%), spindle cell (n = 61, 0.1%), and pleomorphic (n = 17, ~0%). The patients with fibrolamellar carcinoma were younger and more likely to have a non-cirrhotic liver and better prognoses. Scirrhous carcinoma shared almost the same macro-clinical characteristics and outcomes as the classic HCC. Clear cell carcinoma tended to occur in the Asia-Pacific elderly male population, and more than half of them were large HCC (Size&gt;5cm). Sarcomatoid (including spindle cell and pleomorphic) carcinoma was associated with a larger tumor size, poorer differentiation, and more dismal prognoses. The pathological subtype, T stage, M stage, surgery, alpha-fetoprotein, and cancer history were confirmed as the independent predictors in patients with rare subtypes. The nomogram showed good calibration, discrimination, and net benefits in clinical practice.ConclusionThe rare subtypes had unique clinicopathological features and biological behaviors compared with the classic HCC. Our findings could provide a valuable reference for clinicians. The constructed nomogram could predict the prognoses with good performance, which is meaningful to individualized management.
Identification of a Rare Variant of c.1777G>A (p.G593S) in the COL1A1 Gene as the Etiology of Recurrent Osteogenesis Imperfecta by Whole-Exome Sequencing
Authors: Zhuang Jianlong , Chen Chunnuan , Chen Yu'e , Luo Qi , Wang Yuanbai , Jiang Yuying , Zeng Shuhong , Xie Yingjun , Chen Dongmei 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare heterogeneous disorder typically featured by fragile bones and susceptibility to fracture. The aim of the present study was to explore the genetic etiology of familial recurrent OI and the genotype–phenotype correlation.MethodsKaryotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were performed to determine the genetic etiology of OI in the enrolled family. Western blotting analysis was carried out using the fetal skin tissue for type I collagen production analysis.ResultsAt the first pregnancy, a c.1777G&gt;A mutation in the COL1A1 gene was detected in the fetus who exhibited skeletal dysplasia. In this second pregnancy, severe fetal skeletal dysplasia was also presented without significant chromosomal abnormality detected by karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis in the fetus. Further WES results demonstrated a de novo missense mutation of c.1777G&gt;A (p.G593S) in the fetus, which was classified as a pathogenic variant according to the ACMG guidelines. The recurrent mutation in the two fetuses hinted at the possible existence of gonadal mosaicism in the parents, while no mutation in the COL1A1 gene was identified in the DNA from the father's sperm. In addition, Western blot results demonstrated no reduced type I procollagen production in the affected fetus compared with the age-matched controls.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that identified a rare variant of c.1777G&gt;A in the COL1A1 gene that led to recurrent OI in the Chinese population. Additionally, we believe that this rare variant of c.1777G&gt;A in the COL1A1 gene will lead to OI type II. The results of the present study further verify the application value of WES in identifying fetuses with ultrasound anomalies.
Case Report: Mucolipidosis II and III Alpha/Beta Caused by Pathogenic Variants in the GNPTAB Gene (Mucolipidosis)
Authors: Mao Shao-Jia , Zu Yu-Mei , Dai Yang-Li , Zou Chao-Chun 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to improve the cognition of mucolipidosis (ML) II and III alpha/beta by analyzing the clinical manifestations of two patients.MethodsThe clinical, biochemical, and molecular data of two clinical cases associated with ML II and III alpha/beta were analyzed and compared with other case reports of ML II and III alpha/beta.ResultsThe first patient was a 14-month-old girl who was hospitalized because of abnormal postnatal coarse facial features. The child had no abnormal birth history, but developed multiple abnormalities such as psychomotor retardation, abnormal facial features, bilateral limb muscle hypotonia, and genital abnormalities. The X-ray of the spine revealed multiple bone malformations. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed delayed myelination. Genetic testing showed the presence of two compound heterozygous pathogenic variants (c.1364C&gt;T and c.1284+1G&gt;T) in the GNPTAB gene. The second patient was an 18-month-old boy who was hospitalized for recurrent respiratory tract infections. The patient was a high-risk preterm infant with postnatal psychomotor retardation, language development retardation, intellectual disability, and coarse facial features. X-ray showed multiple bone malformations. Craniocerebral ultrasound showed bilateral ventricle widening. Genetic testing showed the presence of two compound heterozygous pathogenic variants (c.1284+1G&gt;T and c.483delT) in the same gene.ConclusionsML II and III alpha/beta are rare autosomal-recessive lysosomal storage diseases that are attributed to GNPTAB variants that cause N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase deficiency, finally leading to multiple clinical signs and symptoms. A proper ML II and/or III alpha/beta diagnosis requires a combined analysis of a patient's clinical manifestations, imaging examination, enzymatic analysis, and genetic testing results. Ultimately, genetic counseling is essential for this disease.
Prognostic Nomogram for Early Gastric Cancer After Surgery to Assist Decision-Making for Treatment With Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhao Shutao , Wang Xudong 
Published: April 2022

Background: Most patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) can achieve a better 5-year survival rate after endoscopic resection or surgery. However, indications for adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) after surgery have not yet been determined.Methods: A total of 4,108 patients with EGC diagnosed in 2004–2016 were retrospectively analyzed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Of these, 3,521 patients received postoperative ACT and 587 patients did not. Propensity score matching was used to balance the two groups’ confounding factors. Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to perform survival analysis. Log-rank test was used to compare the differences between survival curves. Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to screen independent risk factors and build a nomogram for the non-ACT group. The X-tile software was employed to artificially divide all patients into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups according to the overall survival score prediction based on the nomogram. A total of 493 patients with EGC diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in our hospital were included for external validation.Results: Multivariate analysis found that age, sex, race, marital status, primary site, surgical extent, and metastatic lymph node ratio in the non-ACT group were independent prognostic factors for EGC and were included in the construction of the nomogram. The model C-index was 0.730 (95% confidence interval: 0.677–0.783). The patients were divided into three different risk groups based on the nomogram prediction score. Patients in the low-risk group did not benefit from ACT, while patients in the moderate- and high-risk groups did. External validation also demonstrated that moderate- and high-risk patients benefited from ACT.Conclusion: The study nomogram can effectively evaluate postoperative prognosis of patients with EGC. Postoperative ACT is therefore recommended for moderate- and high-risk patients, but not for low-risk patients.
A New Model for the Predicting the Risk of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancy
Authors: Han Qing , Zheng Shuisen , Chen Rongxin , Zhang Huale , Yan Jianying 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to develop an effective nomogram model for predicting the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies.MethodsThe study was a retrospective cohort study of women pregnant with twins who attended antenatal care and labored between January 2015 and December 2020 at the Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, China. We extracted maternal demographic data and clinical characteristics. Then we performed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression combined with clinical significance to screen variables. Thereafter, multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a nomogram that predicted the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. Finally, the nomogram was validated using C-statistics (C-index) and calibration curves.ResultsA total of 2,469 women with twin pregnancies were included, of whom 325 (13.16%) had preeclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that serum creatinine, uric acid, mean platelet volume, high-density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, primiparity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and regular prenatal were independently associated with preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. The constructed predictive model exhibited a good discrimination and predictive ability for preeclampsia in twin pregnancies (concordance index 0.821).ConclusionThe model for the prediction of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies has high accuracy and specificity. It can be used to assess the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies.
Adverse Childhood Experiences Are Associated With Adult Dream Content: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Ma Yundong , Feng Xia , Wang Di , Zhao Xiaoxia , Yan Zejun , Bao Yanping , Zhu Ran , Sun Qiqing , Deng Jiahui , Lu Lin , Sun Hongqiang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundDreams can be affected by recent life events and long-term life experiences. Previous evidence has shown that childhood adverse experiences are associated with sleep quality and dream experiences.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between childhood adverse experiences and dream content in adults.Participants and SettingA total of 163 participants without current or past physical or mental disorders aged between 18 and 35 were screened in the hospital. Among them, 120 subjects who completed a dream content record at home and whose anxiety and depression levels and sleep quality were within the normal range were included in the data analysis.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2017 to December 2019. Dream content for 10 consecutive days was recorded by the participants and coded by the Hall and Van de Castle coding system. Childhood adversity was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). In the end, 719 dreams out of 626 nights for 120 participants (44 female) were included in the data analysis, gender differences between groups were analyzed usingt-tests orUtests, and Spearman’s partial correlation and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and dream content.ResultsChildhood adversity was associated with characters, friendly interactions, and objects in dream content. Regression models of childhood adversity predicting characters and objects in dream content were constructed. There were no gender differences in general demographic data, sleep quality, emotional state, childhood adversity, dream recall frequency, or dream content.ConclusionChildhood adversity is associated with adult dream content.
Effects of Stores’ Environmental Components on Chinese Consumers’ Emotions and Intentions to Purchase Luxury Brands: Integrating Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling and Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approaches
Authors: Yang Shaohua , Isa Salmi Mohd , Wu Hongyan , Thurasamy Ramayah , Fang Xi , Fan Yedan , Liu Danping 
Published: April 2022

PurposeDrawing upon the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model, this paper aims to investigate the effects of stores’ environmental components (i.e., lighting, cleanliness, scent, design, layout, music, and employee interaction) on Chinese consumers’ emotions and intentions to purchase luxury brands.Design/Methodology/ApproachData were collected from Chinese consumers who have purchased luxury brands from retail stores. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were employed for data analysis.FindingsThe results of PLS-SEM indicated that three dimensions of the store environment (i.e., music, scent, and employee interaction) directly and significantly influenced Chinese consumers’ emotions. However, fsQCA revealed greater heterogeneity among respondents by highlighting stores’ environmental components and Chinese consumers’ emotions.Originality/ValueThis study makes significant contributions to the marketing literature by examining the S-O-R model alongside fsQCA approach to conditionally predict outcomes in a luxury brand context. The present study may be one of the first to examine the effects of stores’ environmental components on Chinese consumers’ emotions and purchase intentions, applying both symmetrical test (PLS-SEM) and asymmetrical test (fsQCA) approaches to determine significant components of the store environment as well as component combinations that predict Chinese consumers’ emotions and purchase intentions.
Strategies for the Prevention of Violence in Institutional Care: A Qualitative Interview Study With Ward Managers
Authors: Lindow Martin , Kjellin Lars , Engström Ingemar , Pelto-Piri Veikko 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe presence of violence within psychiatric and residential settings remains a challenge. Research on this problem has often focused on describing violence prevention strategies from either staffs' or service users' perspectives, and the views of ward managers has been largely overlooked. The aim of the present study was therefore to identify ward managers' strategies to prevent violence in institutional care, focusing on safety and values.MethodsData were collected using semi-structured interviews with 12 ward managers who headed four different types of psychiatric wards and two special residential homes for adolescents. Qualitative content analysis was applied, first using a deductive approach, in which quotes were selected within a frame of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, then by coding using an inductive approach to create themes and subthemes.ResultsWard managers' strategies were divided into the four following themes: (1)Balancing being an active manager with relying on staff's abilitiesto carry out their work properly while staying mostly in the background; (2)Promoting value awareness and non-coercive practices in encounters with service usersby promoting key values and adopting de-escalation techniques, as well as focusing on staff-service user relationships; (3)Acknowledging and strengthening staff's abilities and competenceby viewing and treating staff as a critical resource for good care; and (4)Providing information and support to staffby exchanging information and debriefing them after violent incidents.ConclusionsWard managers described ethical challenges surrounding violence and coercive measures. These were often described as practical problems, so there seems to be a need for a development of higher ethical awareness based on a common understanding regarding central ethical values to be respected in coercive care. The ward managers seem to have a high awareness of de-escalation and the work with secondary prevention, however, there is a need to develop the work with primary and tertiary prevention. The service user group or user organizations were not considered as resources in violence prevention, so there is a need to ensure that all stakeholders are active in the process of creating violence prevention strategies.
EEG Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents With Feeding and Eating Disorders: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Berchio Cristina , Cambi Susanne , Pappaianni Edoardo , Micali Nadia 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionElectroencephalography (EEG) represents a powerful tool to detect abnormal neural dynamics in child and adolescent psychiatry. Feeding and Eating Disorders (FEDs), such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) onset in childhood and adolescence. EEG has rarely been used to examine cortical brain activity in children and adolescents with FEDs. This review aims to summarize EEG findings in FEDs amongst children and adolescents, and to highlight areas deserving further research.MethodsWe searched the literature for EEG studies on children and adolescents with FEDs using Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Medline, and PubMed.ResultsTwelve studies were identified, the majority focusing on AN (N = 10). The identified studies suggest reduced action monitoring control (preparatory waves, N200, P300), specific perceptual-cognitive styles to body/face perception (late positive potentials/early posterior negativity), as well as fundamental changes in posterior theta oscillations in AN. Behavioral traits of BN/BED (i.e., loss of control eating, emotional eating), and AN seem to be associated with an increased attentional reactivity (P300) to visual food stimuli.ConclusionElectroencephalography research in children and adolescents with FEDs is limited and mostly focused on AN. While EEG abnormalities seem consistent with a reduced top-down control and attentional allocation deficits in AN, altered attention specific to food cues emerges across FEDs. Overcoming conventional EEG analyses, and investigating spatial properties (i.e., electrical neuroimaging), will enhance our understanding of FEDs neurobiology.