bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Serum Metal Ion Levels in Dental Implant Patients
Authors: Gopi Gayathri , Shanmugasundaram S. , Krishnakumar Raja V. B. , Afradh K. Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:
Titanium is the most commonly used bio-inert implant material. Nevertheless, there is a possibility of systemic release of metal ions, which could have clinical implications like implant failure and toxicity. This prospective study focuses on the evaluation of serum metal ion levels in patients receiving dental implants. The aim of the study is to evaluate the release of titanium, aluminium, and vanadium from dental implants by comparing the preoperative and postoperative serum levels of these ions.

Methodology:
Serum samples were collected from 30 patients undergoing dental implant placement preoperatively and postoperatively at intervals of 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months. These samples were analyzed for titanium, aluminium, and vanadium levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The difference in preoperative and postoperative serum levels was measured and statistically analyzed using the paired t-test.

Results:
There was a slight difference in the postoperative levels of titanium and aluminium (2.30 and 4.07 mg/dl) as compared to the preoperative levels (2.28 and 2.30 mg/dl), which was statistically insignificant (P > 0.5). The serum levels of vanadium were too insignificant to be detected by the instrument (<0.0088 mg/dl).

Discussion:
Mild increase in the titanium and aluminium levels in blood serum was noted. These metallic ion levels might increase significantly due to which further clinical research with larger sample sizes and a long-term follow-up period is required to evaluate the clinical effects of metallic ion release from dental implants. There is no significant difference in the serum metal ion levels before and after the implant placement, although a little increase is observed in the aluminium ion levels after the implant placement.
A study of the prevalence of nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular, mixed lens opacities in age-related cataractous population
Authors: Praveen Mamdipudi R. , Sajani Shah K. , Vaishali Vasavada A. , Viraj Vasavada A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The purpose of the study was to study the prevalence of various subtypes of lens opacities in a clinic-based age-related cataractous population. We also evaluated the effect of age and axial length (AXL) on different types of cataract.

Methods:
This observational clinic-based study was carried out on 2448 patients above 40 years of age with age-related cataracts. Only one eye of each subject was randomly selected for the study. The study population was categorised according to age (in terms of decade) and AXL as axial hypermetropes <23.40 mm, emmetropes 23.40–23.90 mm and myopes >23.90 mm.

Results:
Mixed cataract (52.9%) was the most frequently encountered type of cataract followed by nuclear (22.2%), posterior subcapsular (18.9%) and cortical (6.0%). In eyes >50 years, mixed cataract was most common (59.2%), while in eyes between 40–50 years, posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) was more common (48.7%). In eyes >50 years of age, mixed cataracts were more common compared to isolated cataracts (odds ratio: 1.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.24–1.78). In eyes <50 years, in hypermetropes and emmetropes PSC (57.5% and 57.8%), while in myopes nuclear cataract emerged as a predominant category (39.4%).

Conclusions:
The most commonly observed type of cataract was the mixed type. In younger age groups, isolated cataracts were predominant (PSC being the most frequently observed type). Mixed cataracts were predominant in older age groups. In eyes below 50 years, PSC was predominant in axial hypermetropes and emmetropes, while in those with axial myopia, nuclear cataract was predominant.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 IgG antibodies among health-care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi India
Authors: Chhabra Mala , Arora Stuti Kansra , Shulania Anuradha , Panesar Sanjeet , Chauhan Ankit Kumar , Ganguly Kriti , Achra Arvind , Nirmal Kirti , Duggal Nandini 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:
COVID-19 is a novel viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Hospital health care workers (HCW's) are the frontline workforce for clinical care of cases and they are exposed to a higher risk of acquiring the disease than the general population. Thus, this study was planned with the aim to detect the presence of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV2 among the HCW's.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was carried out from June to August 2020 among the HCW's of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi. Information on demography, risk factors and COVID-19 infection was obtained on predesigned pro forma and the blood sample was collected in the plain vial for the detection of COVID 19 IgG antibodies, targeting recombinant Spike 2 protein and nucleoprotein, using the Indian Council of Medical Research approved enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kit.

Results:
Eight hundred HCWs voluntarily participated in the study. The seroconversion rate among the HCW's enrolled in our study was found to be 16.75%. They were divided into three groups on the basis of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) test done for SARS-CoV2 genes since 30 January 2020. In Group I, who were RT PCR positive, 34 (70.8%) were found to be seroconverted. In Group II who were RT PCR negative, 12.09% had IgG antibodies. Group III comprised 529 HCW's, who never got themselves tested for RT PCR, of these 13.8% had developed IgG antibodies. The most common symptom was found to be cough, fever, bodyache, loss of taste and loss of smell. The odds ratio amongst seroconverted and nonseroconverted HCW's was found to be significant in all the symptoms except for nasal discharge and sore throat. Among the significant symptoms the odds ratio was observed to be 16.09 and 12.99 for loss of taste and loss of smell, respectively, and was observed to be highly significant (P < 0.001). Only 1.5% had moderate and severe infection and the rest had mild infection or were asymptomatic. Seroconversion rate among the asymptomatic HCWs was found to be 10.84%.

Conclusion:
Serology plays an important role in understanding the pandemic COVID-19 by identifying the individuals who have been infected and seroconverted, infected but not seroconverted, infected and remained asymptomatic or who never got themselves tested but showed the presence of IgG antibodies.
Impact of Quarantine on Lifestyle and Psychological State of People during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Mithun , Anand Vivek , Bhaskar Vijay , Yadav Arun Kumar , Kumar Surinder , Bajaj Swati 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to assess impact of quarantine on lifestyle behavior and the psychological state of persons during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design:
This study was a cross-sectional study.

Methods:
A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 216 persons quarantined during the COVID-19 pandemic at home or in selected facilities set up by various tertiary care hospitals and administrative authorities in various parts of India. The questionnaire was distributed among participants using electronic media. Psychological state during quarantine was assessed using the DASS 21 questionnaire.

Results:
Out of 57.4% of responders who gave a history of physical exercise before quarantine, 52.7% reported a reduction in physical activity. 18.5% of study participants brought about dietary changes towards healthy diet during quarantine, while 24.5% took up some new activities or hobbies. 62.9% of respondents reported any degree of psychological stress (depression, stress, or anxiety) during the quarantine.

Conclusions:
Quarantine impacted psychological state of individuals and brought about changes in lifestyle with both positive attributes such as dietary modification toward healthy diet or negative attributes such as reduction in physical activity. IEC activities have a positive impact in terms of reducing negative attributes and increasing the compliance toward quarantine.
Etiology and Course of Cerebellar Ataxia: A Study from Eastern India
Authors: Bhuin Subhas , Biswas Samar , Roy Arijit , Mukherjee Adreesh , Pandit Alak , Gangopadhyay Goutam 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The course of various cerebellar ataxia disorders in our population is relatively unexplored, especially beyond the hereditary spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA). This study was conducted to objectively assess the severity and progression of various disorders causing the cerebellar ataxia.

Materials and Methods:
This longitudinal prospective study evaluated the etiologies and the corresponding severity and progression of the cerebellar ataxia. Clinical examination and the relevant investigations were performed. The severity of ataxia was assessed using the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) - at initial presentation and another at 6 months of follow-up, and the change in SARA scores were calculated to find the disease progression.

Results:
Out of 145 patients studied, SCA predominated followed by Autoimmune/paraneoplastic disorders, Multiple System Atrophy-Cerebellar (MSA-C), Wilson’s disease, and Multiple sclerosis. On follow-up, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was the most rapidly advancing disease, followed by MSA-C, Friedreich’s ataxia, and Huntington’s disease, all of which progressed faster than SCA. SCA 3 emerged as the most progressive SCA followed by SCA 1, SCA 6, SCA 2, and SCA 12. The autoimmune etiologies showed favorable response to treatment, although with some variability across the different disorders. In the paraneoplastic category, anti Tr associated ataxia improved better than other disorders. Multiple sclerosis and other treatable disorders also responded to treatment.

Conclusion:
Cerebellar ataxia is the predominant clinical feature in a wide variety of disorders. While some are progressive, others are responsive to treatment, the extent of which differed according to the etiology.
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Singh Mamta , Raut Nitin , Singh Shipra 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The coronavirus pandemic has impacted the globe, altering lives of people in all domains, and added insecurity, thereby taking a toll on their mental health. Addressing the parallel surge of psychological problems and identifying the vulnerable population is of equal concern. This study aims at assessing the symptoms of anxiety and depression in the population during the coronavirus pandemic.

Methodology:
It was a cross-sectional methodological web-based survey to assess psychological influence of the coronavirus pandemic. A sociodemographic pro forma, validated questionnaire consisting questions about awareness regarding coronavirus, and Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale were included in the survey.

Results:
A total of 1027 participants completed the survey questionnaire. Clinically significant anxiety and depressive symptoms were found in 17.9% and 40.7%, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in prevalence of anxiety symptoms by gender (P = 0.009), age group (P = 0.030), marital status (P = 0.001), and occupation (P = 0.012). Depressive symptoms also significantly differed across age group (P = 0.001), marital status (P = 0.000), education (P = 0.020), occupation (P = 0.009), income group (P = 0.038), and place of living (P = 0.039). A significant difference of knowledge (about COVID-19) was seen between the groups with and without clinically significant depressive symptoms. Distress was noted mostly with information overload and the fear of contracting coronavirus infection.

Conclusion:
More than one-third of participants had clinically significant psychological symptoms. This suggests the requirement of more structured and long-term studies, and the need for appropriate mental health services to masses.
PESQUISA APLICADA COMO FACTOR DE SUCESSO NA CONCEPÇÃO E MATERIALIZAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS A NÍVEL DA GOVERNAÇÃO LOCAL
Authors: Costa Lima Herlânder Cláudio da , Ndombele Sungu Kialanda João 
Published: February 2022

O processo que envolve a identificação de um fenómeno e a melhor forma de resolver, na Administração Pública, é no entender dos autores, um processo que envolve pesquisa, uso de métodos científicos, até mesmo a definição de prioridades carece de uma análise minuciosa na Administração Pública, pois quando não passa por um processo que obedece métodos e técnicas, pode não resultar na satisfação da necessidade pelo qual o plano, programa ou projecto foi concebido, este fenómeno de projectos que não resultaram na Administração Pública é recorrente cá em Angola, e quando se perguntam as causas, quase que não se encontra resposta, na nossa visão, uma das principais causas, está na forma de como se elabora os planos, programas e projecto no processo, alguma coisa falha, ou na concepção na execução ou na avaliação, mas por outro lado, julga-se que a nível do governo central tendo em conta o âmbito de aplicação e a transversalidade da finalidade, existe muitos riscos que concorrem para estas falhas, o mesmo não se pode dizer da governação local, onde é possível ser mais concreto na definição do fenómeno, e encontrar a melhor variante para o resolver, mas então o que é que falha, julga-se que as administrações locais, apesar da insuficiência de técnicos especializados, não dão prioridade na importância do conhecimento em Pesquisa Aplicada, as chamadas pesquisas institucionais mais voltadas par ao problema real e prática,
PORTFÓLIO DE PSICOLOGIA EM SAÚDE
Authors: Pascoal Matheus Mendes , Tashiro Sabrina Ronconi Benedet  
Published: February 2022

A psicologia em saúde agrega conhecimento educacional, científico e profissional para utilizar na promoção em saúde, prevenção e tratamento de doenças, identificação de etiologias e diagnósticos de saúde e tem o objetivo de compreender fatores biológicos, psicológicos, emocionais e sociais sobre o processo de saúde e doença. Tem seu tripé as Ciências Biomédicas, Psicologia Clínica e Psicologia Comunitária. A característica definidora fundamental da Medicina Comportamental é a interdisciplinaridade, por se tratar de um conjunto integrado de conhecimentos biopsicossociais relacionado com a saúde e as doenças físicas, ou seja, considera a saúde e a doença como estados multideterminados por um amplo leque de variáveis, entre as quais se devem incluir as do tipo somático ou biofísicas, as do tipo psicológico ou comportamentais e as externas ou ambientais (Cabal o, 1996). Os objetivos básicos da divisão são avançar no estudo da Psicologia como disciplina a saúde e a doença através da pesquisa e encorajar a integração da informação biomédica com o conhecimento psicológico, fomentando e difundindo a área da psicologia. A realização deste trabalho e compreendemos as grandes diferenças entre os diversos tipos de psicologia e estudo de cada uma delas dentro da sociedade.
Twenty-first-century Southern Hemisphere impacts of ozone recovery and climate change from the stratosphere to the ocean
Authors: Ivanciu Ioana , Matthes Katja , Biastoch Arne , Wahl Sebastian , Harlaß Jan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Changes in stratospheric ozone concentrations and increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) alter the temperature structure of the atmosphere and drive changes in the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. We systematically investigate the impacts of ozone recovery and increasing GHGs on the atmospheric and oceanic circulation in the Southern Hemisphere during the twenty-first century using a unique coupled ocean–atmosphere climate model with interactive ozone chemistry and enhanced oceanic resolution. We use the high-emission scenario SSP5-8.5 for GHGs under which the springtime Antarctic total column ozone returns to 1980s levels by 2048 in our model, warming the lower stratosphere and strengthening the stratospheric westerly winds. We perform a spatial analysis and show for the first time that the austral spring stratospheric response to GHGs exhibits a marked planetary wavenumber 1 (PW1) pattern, which reinforces the response to ozone recovery over the Western Hemisphere and weakens it over the Eastern Hemisphere. These changes, which imply an eastward phase shift in the PW1, largely cancel out in the zonal mean. The Southern Hemisphere residual circulation strengthens during most of the year due to the increase in GHGs and weakens in spring due to ozone recovery. However, we find that in November the GHGs also drive a weakening of the residual circulation, reinforcing the effect of ozone recovery, which represents another novel result. At the surface, the westerly winds weaken and shift equatorward due to ozone recovery, driving a weak decrease in the transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and in the Agulhas leakage and a cooling of the upper ocean, which is most pronounced in the latitudinal band 35–45∘ S. The increasing GHGs drive changes in the opposite direction that overwhelm the ozone effect. The total changes at the surface and in the oceanic circulation are nevertheless weaker in the presence of ozone recovery than those induced by GHGs alone, highlighting the importance of the Montreal Protocol in mitigating some of the impacts of climate change. We additionally compare the combined effect of interactively calculated ozone recovery and increasing GHGs with their combined effect in an ensemble in which we prescribe the CMIP6 ozone field. This second ensemble simulates a weaker ozone effect in all the examined fields, consistent with its weaker increase in ozone. The magnitude of the difference between the simulated changes at the surface and in the oceanic circulation in the two ensembles is as large as the ozone effect itself. This shows the large uncertainty that is associated with the choice of the ozone field and how the ozone is treated.
Acessibilidade cultural - da formação para a política cultural
Authors: Dorneles Patricia Silva , Cabral Isadora Machado , Carvalho Claudia Reinoso Araujo de 
Published: February 2022

Neste texto, relatamos a experiência do Laboratório de Arte, Cultura, Acessibilidade e Saúde (LACAS), da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), e sua atuação em parceria com o antigo Ministério da Cultura (MinC) para a promoção da política pública de acessibilidade cultural para pessoas com deficiência. Nos últimos dez anos, através do LACAS, realizam-se o Curso de Especialização em Acessibilidade Cultural (CEAC); os Encontros Nacionais de Acessibilidade Cultural (ENAC); a coordenação integrada de ações de acessibilidade no Projeto “Um novo olhar” (UNO); entre outras ações de capacitação. Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever e analisar práticas inclusivas de acessibilidade e discuti-las tendo por base os direitos culturais das pessoas com deficiência. As ações realizadas contribuem para o desenvolvimento da temática nas universidades federais, com a produção de conhecimento na área e com o desenvolvimento do plano e do sistema nacional de cultura.
PENSAR LA UNIVERSIDAD Y LA EXTENSIÓN DESDE LA FORMACIÓN DOCENTE EN ARTES EN URUGUAY
Authors: Vicci Gianotti Gonzalo 
Published: February 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal aportar una mirada al proceso de construcción de un espacio de formación orientado a profesores del Instituto “Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de la República (UDELAR). Desde la implementación del Proyecto de Formación Didáctica de Docentes de la Universidad en el año 2001, el Instituto “Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes” y la Escuela Universitaria de Música han iniciado una serie de procesos de transformación institucional que constituyen desafíos colectivos para reflexionar acerca del proyecto educativo relacionado con las artes en la Universidad, y que encuentra en el año 2021 con un hito importante desde el punto vista institucional, con la conformación de la Facultad de Artes. La modificación de la estructura universitaria, vinculada a la instrumentación de nuevas carreras y el decidido compromiso en torno a la descentralización geográfica, constituyen elementos insoslayables a la hora de analizar el rol docente en el campo de la enseñanza artística en la Universidad.
Spatial dynamics of COVID-19 cases in a state in the southeast region of Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Pereira Kamilla , Ferreira Batista Verônica , Trindade Bezerra Juliana Maria , Fonseca Medeiros Thaisa Helena 
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed the progression of COVID-19 in the State of Espírito Santo, identifying the areas where the disease spread furthest. Temporal and spatial analysis were performed based on confirmed cases of the disease reported in the eSUS/VS System - State Health Department, from March 2020 to February 2021. The highest incidence was noted in July (ranging from 146.1 to 2,099.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in the municipalities of Espírito Santo State), with the majority being females, people aged 20 to 39 years and residents in cities in the metropolitan region. A positive and complete high association (p < 0.05) was identified in all months, with clusters containing a greater number of municipalities in April, May and June 2020 in the Central region of the state. The results of the present study indicated a continuous spread of COVID-19 since its introduction, especially in the cities in the Central region of the State of Espírito Santo. These findings present an important aid for decision making regarding the most effective strategies to control the disease. Furthermore, individual and collective protection measures against the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 must be encouraged.
KEY WORDS: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; pandemic; spatial analysis; epidemiology; Espirito Santo.
Le label : facteur d'internationalisation de la marque des coopératives marocaines
Authors: GHILANE Hind , FILALI ALLACH Mariam 
Published: February 2022

« Les coopératives, des entreprises pour un monde meilleur », telle était la déclaration des Nations Unies dans leur vision de faire de l’année 2012 l'année internationale des coopératives (ONU, 2012). Cet intérêt vient répondre en faveur de la place occupée par cette structure dans le cadre du développement économique et social, et ce partout dans le monde. Au Maroc, le même intérêt est porté à ces types de structures. Face au contexte concurrentiel international, la coopérative doit développer un avantage concurrentiel inimitable : sa stratégie de marque. L'objet de cet article porte sur l’identification des facteurs qui ont un impact positif sur l'internationalisation de la marque coopérative marocaine. Une étude quantitative a été réalisée sur un échantillon de 200 personnes déterminées selon la méthode de convenance. L'échantillon est composé de citoyens français. La validation du modèle est faite par la méthode LISREL. Les principaux résultats indiquent que les variables qui ont le plus d’impact sur la réussite de la stratégie d’internationalisation de la marque de la coopérative marocaine sont la qualité et les labels.
Ainsi, les résultats de notre étude permettront aux managers de bien identifier les variables constitutives de leur stratégie de marque pour réussir son internationalisation.