bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Candida DNA in peritoneal fluids by PCR assay optimizing the diagnosis and treatment for intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk ICU patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Xie Min , Shao Jin , Wan Zhe , Yan Ting , Zhu Sainan , Li Shuangling , Yu Jin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) is the predominant type of invasive candidiasis with high mortality in critically ill surgical patients. The high mortality rate may be related to the difficulty of early diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate whether the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detecting Candida DNA in peritoneal fluids (PF) is useful in diagnosing and antifungal treatment of IAC in high-risk patients in the ICU. Methods: A prospective single-center cohort study of surgical patients at high risk for IAC was conducted in the ICU. PF was collected from the abdominal drainage tubes (within 24 h) or by percutaneous puncture. Direct PF smear microscopy, PF culture, blood culture, and serum (1-3)-β-D-glucan were performed in all patients. For Candida PCR assay, the ITS1/ITS4 primers that targeted the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 regions were used for PCR, and sequencing analysis was used to identify the pathogen at the species level. IAC was defined according to the 2013 European consensus criteria. Results: Among 83 patients at high risk for IAC, the IAC criteria were present in 17 (20.5%). The sensitivity and specificity of the Candida PCR assay were 64.7% and 89.4%, respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63–0.91). In this cohort, the positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Candida PCR assay were 90.8% (95% CI: 80.3%–96.2%) and 61.1% (95% CI: 36.1%–81.7%), respectively. Diagnostic consistency was moderate (kappa 0.529, P < 0.001) according to the 2013 European consensus criteria. Assuming that positive Candida PCR in PF was the diagnostic criterion of IAC, the incidence of IAC could increase from 20.5% to 28.9% (P < 0.001), and the proportion of antifungal initial target therapies could increase from 11.3% to 32.1% (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Detection of Candida DNA in PF using PCR can be considered a supplement to existing diagnostic tools. This may optimize the diagnosis and antifungal treatment of IAC in high-risk surgical patients in the ICU.Trial registration: The study protocol was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registration Center (CHiCTR190022695). Registered 22 April 2019 (retrospectively registered).
Advanced antireflection for back-illuminated silicon photomultipliers to detect faint light
Authors: Tao Yuguo , Rajapakse Arith , Erickson Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Silicon photomultipliers have attracted increasing attention for detecting low-density light in both scientific research and practical applications in recent years; yet the photon losses due to reflection on the light-sensitive planar silicon surface considerably limit its photon detection efficiency. Here we demonstrate an advanced light trapping feature by developing the multi-layer antireflection coatings and the textured silicon surface with upright random nano-micro pyramids, which significantly reduces the reflection of faint light in a wide spectrum, from ultraviolet to infrared. Integrating this advanced photon confinement feature into next-generation back-illuminated silicon photomultiplier would increase the photon detection efficiency with significantly lower reflection and much more active areas. This advanced design feature offers the back-illuminated silicon photomultiplier broader application opportunities exemplified in the emerging scenarios such as nuclear medical imaging, light detection and ranging for autonomous driving, detection of scintillation light in ionizing radiation, as well as high energy physics.
Effects of MK886 on hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Du Tingwan , Xiang Lian , Zhang Jingjing , Zhao Wenxin , Li Jialu , Cheng Lei , Yang Yi , Han Nan , Zhou Yong , Ma Ling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Backgound Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common hepatic metabolic disorder that is characterized by the dyshomeostasis of lipid metabolism. It is usually accompanied by insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. Regulating lipid metabolism via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) pathway in the liver could potentially constitute a new target for elucidating the pathology of NAFLD. Therefore, we aimed to explore the inhibitory role of MK886 through PPARα pathway in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD model. Method Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (CON), HFD, HFD + MK 886 groups. After 14 weeks of intervention, we evaluated body weight, energy intake, liver weight, serum inflammatory parameters, serum biochemical markers, histology, morphology, and lipid metabolism-associated proteins in the liver. Results MK886 significantly reduced body weight; it improved hepatic function, inflammatory cytokine levels, and serum lipid parameters. Furthermore, MK886 ameliorated hepatic steatosis by reducing the levels of lipid uptake-related proteins and β-oxidation-related proteins. Conclusion Our study indicates that MK886 could improve hepatic homeostasis by improving liver function and alleviating systemic inflammation and hepatic steatosis; this provides a basis for future drug development and future clinical trials.
Ractopamine supplementation in diets for Nile tilapia at grow-out phase: effect on body composition and fatty acid profile
Authors: Trombeta Thiago Dias , Tapia Eduardo Uribe , de Mattos Bruno Olivetti , Pereira Raquel Tatiane , Dallago Bruno , Leal Renato Silva , Veras Galileu Crovatto , Wacyk Jurij 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ractopamine is a drug used as an additive in animal production to improve growth, body composition and production efficiency, although its use in fish is still poorly known. This study aimed to evaluate ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) effects at increasing levels (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg− 1) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets during 40 days by considering productive performance, body composition and muscle fiber morphometry. One hundred and twelve fish (mean initial weight 518.63 ± 5.49 g) were housed in 16 circular tanks (450 L), following a completed randomized design with four treatments and four replicates. Body composition was significantly affected (P < 0.05) and the amount of lipids in fish fillets dropped 26,7% (20 mg.kg− 1 RAC) and 26,1% (40 mg kg− 1 RAC), as well as the amount of unsaturated fatty acids C14:0 and C18:0 in fish fillets (P < 0.05) by treatment with 10 mg kg− 1 of RAC. RAC did not affect any productive performance parameters evaluated, as well for muscle fiber morphometry. Taken together, our results demonstrate that fish fed 20 mg kg− 1 RAC for 40 days changes Nile tilapia fillet chemical composition, decreasing lipid levels and altering the fatty acid profile, as well as increasing protein levels.
Clinical characteristics of sitosterolemic children with xanthomas as the first manifestation
Authors: Zhang Jun , Chen Qiu-li , Guo Song , Li Yan-hong , Li Chuan , Zheng Ru-jiang , Luo Xue-qun , Ma Hua-mei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Sitosterolemia (STSL) is an extremely rare genetic disease. Xanthomas as the first symptom are frequently misinterpreted as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in children. Inappropriate treatment may deteriorate the condition of STSL. Objectives: The goal of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics of children with STSL who had xanthomas as their first symptom and to provide clues for early clinical diagnosis. Methods: We summarized the clinical characteristics of STSL patients and investigated the different indicators between the STSL and FH groups, as well as their diagnostic values for STSL. Results: Two tertiary pediatric endocrinology departments contributed ten STSL cases. Five of the STSL patients (50%) experienced mild anemia, whereas two (20%) had vascular complications. The xanthomas of the STSL group displayed morphologies comparable to those of the FH group. There were ten cases of homozygous FH (HoFH) with xanthomas as the predominant symptom of the control group but no anemic patients. The serum cholesterol (Chol) levels of the STSL and FH groups were 12.57 (9.55~14.62) mmol/L and 17.45 (16.04~21.47) mmol/L, respectively (p value 0.002). The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels of the STSL and FH groups were 9.26±2.71 mmol/L and 14.58±4.08 mmol/L, respectively (p value 0.003). Meanwhile, the MPV levels of the STSL and FH groups were 11.00 (9.79~12.53) fl and 8.95 (8.88~12.28) fl, respectively (p value 0.009). The anemia proportions of the STSL and FH groups were 50% and 0%, respectively (p value 0.033). The AUC values of Chol, LDL-c, MPV, and anemia for the diagnosis of STSL were 0.910, 0.890, 0.869, and 0.750, respectively. Chol≤15.41 mmol/L, LDL-c≤13.22 mmol/L, MPV≥9.05 fl, or the presence of anemia were the best thresholds for diagnosing STSL. Conclusions: The morphologies of xanthomas in STSL vary from those in FH. Xanthomas as the initial symptom of a child with Chol≤15.41 mmol/L, LDL-c≤13.22 mmol/L, MPV≥9.05 fl, or presence of anemia, he was most likely to have STSL.
An Improved Ecc Algorithm for Secure Cloud Storage System With the Help of Sha-256 Based User Authentication and Deep Learning Based Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Samy I. Arockia Antony , Mary M. Safish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A cloud environment is a collection of resources used to provide on-demand services to cloud clients. Access to the cloud environment is supplied through internet services, and data kept in the cloud environment is more accessible to both internal and external invaders. At the moment, cloud security experts are unable to provide a more dependable, safe, and effective intrusion detection system (IDS) for identifying intruders in data transfer. For fulfilling this requirement, in this paper a novel deep learning (DL) model namely Wavelet Kernel including Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (WKMLPNN) based IDS is proposed for identifying the attacks while performing cloud data transmission. Additionally, to offer cloud secure storage, Improved Elliptical Curve Cryptography (IECC) is proposed with a novel key generation mechanism. Initially, the cloud user or data owner (DO) is registered with the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) for uploading their data to the cloud. Then at the CSP end, the authenticity of the DO is checked by implementing the Secure Hash Algorithm 256 (SHA-256) technique. After successful authentication, the DO is allowed to upload their data to the cloud. The CSP receives the data from the DO and then the intrusion present in the received data is identified using novel IDS (WKMLPNN). The presented IDS follows three operations such as preprocessing, optimal feature selection using Time factor incorporated Gravitational Search Algorithm (TGSA) and WKMLPNN applied classification for identifying the intrusions present in the data. If the received data contain the intrusion, the data will be avoided and not stored in the cloud, otherwise, the data will be stored in the cloud securely using the IECC algorithm. Finally, if the cloud users request CSP for data retrieval, the authenticity of the user is again checked using the SHA-256 algorithm. If the user is an authenticated one, the retrieval permission is granted for him, otherwise, the permission is denied for the user. The simulation results reveal that the presented approach outperforms existing strategies for intrusion categorization and encryption.
Attenuating strategies of the Insecticidal Effect and Life history Traits of Chaitophorus leucomelas (Koch, 1854) (Insecta: Aphididae): Case of the Aqueous Extracts of Asteraceae Dittrichia viscosa and a Synthetic product of the neonicotinoids / pyrethroids Family
Authors: Tchaker Fatma zohra , Djazouli Zahr-Eddine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Methods used to control natural enemies; insects in particular, have been mainly chemical. Given the irritations associated with the use of pesticides, a search for alternatives is required, particularly through the use of plant extracts. The present study focused on comparing the insecticidal power of aqueous extracts of Dittrichia viscosa in combination with a bio-adjuvant Silene fuscata and a synthetic pesticide Thiamethoxam/ Lambda-cyhalothrin on the abundance, biochemical life traits and demographic parameters of the winter phenotype of Chaitophorus leucomelas. The results show a strong effect of the aqueous extracts of Dittrichia viscosa on the abundance of Chaitophorus leucomelas, with a well pronounced insecticidal activity under the effect of the aqueous extract ratio Dittrichia viscosa/Silena fuscata. Lipid and carbohydrate energy biomarkers of Chaitophorus leucomelas sexuparae undergo strong changes depending on the products used, with a very significant disturbing action of the synthetic product compared to aqueous extracts. The fecundity of C. leucomelas shows a remarkable disturbance under the action of the active ingredient Thiamethoxam/ Lambda-cyhalothrin compared to aqueous extracts. The results also confirm that the products applied cause a disturbance in the growth rate (rm) and reproduction (R0) of C. leucomelas females, with the chemical treatment having the strongest effect. The full dose of the active ingredient causes remarkable disturbances on the multiplication rate (λ) and the mean generation time (T) of the sexuparae compared to the other applied molecules. Some stability is reported for the doubling time (DT) of treated females compared to the control ones.
Multi-Instance Embedding Learning with Deconfounded Instance-Level Prediction
Authors: Zhang Yu-Xuan , Yang Mei , Zhou Zhengchun , Min Fan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Confounded information is an objective fact when using multiple instance learning (MIL) to classify bags of instances, which may be inherited by MIL embedding methods and lead to questionable bag label prediction. To respond to this problem, we propose the multi-instance embedding learning with deconfounded instance-level prediction (MEDI) algorithm. Unlike traditional embedding-based strategies, we design a deconfounded optimization goal to maximize the distinction between instances in positive and negative bags. In addition, we present and use bag-level embedding with feature distillation to reduce the MIL classification task to a single-instance learning problem. Extensive experiments on thirty-four data sets demonstrate that our proposed method has the best overall performance over other state-of-the-art MIL methods. This strategy, in particular, has a substantial advantage on web data sets. Source codes are available at https://github.com/InkiInki/MEDI.
Estimation of Pianka and Kullback-Leibler Overlapping Coefficients: Weibull Distributions
Authors: Omar  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the estimation problem of two the overlapping (OVL) coefficients known as Pianka`s (PI) and Kullback-Leibler`s (KL) measures when two independent random variables 𝑋 and 𝑌 follow Weibull distributions with the same shape parameters. The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) procedures of the distributions parameters are considered and then the point and interval estimators of PI and KL are obtained. A limited simulation study is achieved to study the behavior of the interested point estimators for finite sample sizes.
A novel method for measuring the porosity and pore size of nanowebs
Authors: Aghayari Sedigheh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nanofiber layers have privileged properties such as fine fiber diameter, small pores,suitable relationship between pores, special surface area and high porosity. Theseproperties make nanofibers applicable for a variety of applications, such ashigh-performance filters and tissue engineering scaffolds. Different applications ofelectrospinning layers require different porosities. Therefore, it is very important tomeasure the porosity of nanofiber layers to express their application. To date, manymethods have been expressed for this purpose, but all methods have disadvantages.Therefore, presenting the best method is a challenge that will be addressed in this project.
Air-Breathing Electric Propulsion: Mission Characterization and Design Analysis
Authors: Crandall Patrick , Wirz Richard 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Air breathing electric propulsion (atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion) (ABEP) has attracted significant interest as an enabling technology for long duration space missions in very low Earth orbit (VLEO) altitudes below about 300 km. The ABEP spacecraft and mission analysis model developed allows parametric characterization of key spacecraft geometry and thruster performance parameters such as spacecraft length-to-diameter, the ratio of solar array span to spacecraft diameter, thrust-to-power, effective exhaust velocity, and inlet efficiency. For the missions analyzed ABEP generally outperforms conventional electric propulsion (EP) below 250 km altitude. Using a 6U spacecraft architecture the model shows that below 220 km ABEP is the only viable propulsion option for desirable mission lifetimes. Parametric evaluations of key spacecraft and ABEP characteristics show that the most significant technological improvements to ABEP spacecraft performance and range of applicability for VLEO missions will come from advancements in inlet efficiency, low drag materials, solar array efficiency, and thrust-to-power.
Identification of TUBA1C as a prognostic biomarker and associated with immune cells infiltration in human tumors
Authors: Fan Xin , Lin Bingjiang , Wu Xiudi , Yu Yingzhe , Lu Lingyi , Fang Shuyu , Liu Yanqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: It is reported that TUBA1C contributed to the development and progression of several tumors. However, the role of TUBA1C in most cancers remains unclear. The study aimed to assess the prognostic values, potential biological functions, and immunity of TUBA1C in pan-cancer.Methods: TUBA1C expression was assessed using pan-cancer data of 33 cancer types from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. The clinical features and prognostic roles of TUBA1C were assessed using TCGA cohort. cBioPortal database was used to examine TUBA1C mutations in pan-cancer. The relationship between TUBA1C expression and patients’ prognosis was performed by univariate Cox hazard regression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of TUBA1C was conducted using the R software. we applied ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm to assess the stromal score, immune score, and the infiltrating levels of immune cells from published study and ImmuCellAI database.Results: Our results showed that TUBA1C was highly expressed in most tumors. High TUBA1C expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in various tumors. GSEA analysis showed that TUBA1C expression was closely related to immune regulation-related signaling pathways. Besides, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were the dominating immune cell positively correlated with TUBA1C expression in most tumors. In addition, TUBA1C expression was positively associated with tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and mainly immunosuppressive genes such as PD-L1, PD-1, CD244, TIGIT, TGFB1, and TGFBR1 in several tumors. Conclusion: Our results indicated that TUBA1C was associated with poor prognosis in tumors. TUBA1C might be a valuable prognostic biomarker and a potential target for immunotherapy.
Methodological Approaches to Spatiotemporal Analysis in HIV Epidemiology - a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Eze-Emiri Chidinma N. , Igwe Ezinne O. , Patrick Foster A , Olise Olisedumbi T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a geographic disparity in the epidemiology of HIV infection globally. These differences are interrelated with the sociodemographic and behavioural circumstances applicable to the respective regions. For instance, the HIV-2 strain is mostly found in West Africa. The most significant number of people injecting drugs (PWID) are in East and South-East Asia, North America, and Eastern Europe; they also have the highest prevalence of HIV among PWID. Spatiotemporal analytical methods use geographic and time-related factors to explain observed spatial heterogeneity; thereby, identifying disease patterns, risk factors, and trends relevant to a particular region. Spatiotemporal analytical methods use geographic and time-related factors to explain observed spatial heterogeneity; thereby, identifying disease patterns, risk factors, and trends relevant to a particular region.
Objectives
This paper presents a protocol for a systematic review that will describe the methods used in the spatial analysis of HIV epidemiology globally.
Methods
A systematic literature search of geospatial studies of HIV will be conducted using PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google scholar; with neither language nor date restriction from inception to date. The protocol for this systematic review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO with ID number –CRD42022314604.
Results
Results will be available once the review is finalised.
Discussion
This systematic review will identify and report the various spatial analytical methods that have been employed in HIV epidemiology; in addition to highlighting the predominant spatial methodologies applied.
Pyridine-based cross-linked chitosan: a biopolymer adsorbent for the green removal of toxic metals from water
Authors: Bisiriyu Ibraheem Olayiwola , Meijboom Reinout 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Herein we report the green recovery of toxic metals [namely: Cd2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+] from water utilizing a biopolymer: 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid cross-linked chitosan (PDC-CCS) as the adsorbent. Adsorption studies were performed at varying experimental conditions (such as pH, adsorbent contact time, initial metal ion concentrations, etc.). At the RI-PB/def2-SVP level of theory, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach has been used to evaluate the adsorption energy for the metal ions. Selectivity studies were performed at pH 4.20, 5.56, 6.65 and 7.61. While Mn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) were strongly adsorbed at higher pH (7.5), Cr(III) and Pb(II) were seen to be strongly adsorbed at lower pH (around 4.0). Selectivity studies revealed that PDC-CCS can be utilized for simultaneous removal of the metals at pH 4.2; selective adsorption of Mn(II) at pH 5.56 as well as simultaneous-selective removal of Ni(II) and Mn(II) near neutral pH. The experimental maximum adsorption limit of PDC-CCS for Ni(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), and Cr(III), were found to be 1258.79, 1118.70 928.52, 829.62 and 580.21 mmol/g respectively. When compared with some relevant previously used adsorbent, PDC-CCS shows an exceptional adsorption capacity. Consequently, a successful biopolymer adsorbent for the treatment of water contaminated by hazardous metals.
A Flexible Power Point Tracking Algorithm Based on Adaptive Lion Swarm Optimization for Photovoltaic System
Authors: Xie Zongkui , Wu Zhongqiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to weaken the adverse effects of PV grid connection on the power system and ensure the smooth operation of the system, a novel flexible power point tracking (FPPT) method based on adaptive lion swarm optimization (ALSO) is proposed in this paper. First, a reasonable objective function is established for the FPPT operating mode; the interval optimization method is used to distinguish the operating modes on both sides of the maximum power point (MPP). Secondly, ALSO is used to selectively optimize the operation of different intervals so as to achieve the FPPT control on the left or right side of the MPP. Through the simulation experiments on the PV grid-connected system, the validity and superiority of the ALSO-based method over the traditional FPPT algorithm in terms of dynamic and steady-state performance are verified under different operating conditions.