bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases
Authors: Zheng Yi-Qing , Li He-Jun , Chen Ling , Lin Shun-Ping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProgress has been made in COVID-19 vaccine development, with encouraging safety and efficacy data. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD). Patients with AIIRD (n = 101) were included in this study. All patients received 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Serum anti-S1/RBD protein IgG was detected 2–16 weeks after the second vaccination. Seropositivity was defined as IgG ≥ 1.00 bound antibody unit S/CO. Immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was assessed by seropositivity rate and the levels of serum IgG antibody against anti-S1/RBD protein, compared with the general population (n = 46). There was no difference by statistical significance in the seropositivity rate between patients with AIIRD (82.2%) and SLE (86.1%) and the control group (93.5%), p > 0.05. The level of anti-S1/RBD protein IgG antibodies in patients with AIIRD (median [IQR], 8.8 [2.2–17.3]) and SLE (median [IQR], 9.6 [2.4–20.4]) was comparable to that in the control group (median [IQR], 7.2 [3.1–14.2]), p > 0.05. Patients treated with glucocorticoids(GCs) (median dose, [IQR]: 2.5 mg/day [IQR 2.5–5.0]) or hydroxychloroquine(HCQ) or GCs + HCQ without other immunomodulatory medications, had an appropriate immunogenic response(88.1%) with high levels of anti-S1/RBD protein IgG(median [IQR], 12.1 [6.5–20.4]). Neither of patients treated with rituximab had positive serum antibodies, which was statistically significant, compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Compared with the control group, methotrexate(MTX) and iguratimod(IGU) was significantly reduced the level of anti-S1/RBD protein IgG antibodies. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine had appropriate immunogenicity in patients with AIIRD. Immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was severely impaired by rituximab, and also suppressed by MTX and IGU, while low doses of GC and HCQ had negligible effect.
Multilayer perceptron-based prediction of stroke mimics in prehospital triage
Authors: Zhang Zheyu , Zhou Dengfeng , Zhang Jungen , Xu Yuyun , Lin Gaoping , Jin Bo , Liang Yingchuan , Geng Yu , Zhang Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe identification of stroke mimics (SMs) in patients with stroke could lead to delayed diagnosis and waste of medical resources. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) was proved to be an accurate tool for clinical applications. However, MLP haven’t been applied in patients with suspected stroke onset within 24 h. Here, we aimed to develop a MLP model to predict SM in patients. We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with a prehospital diagnosis of suspected stroke between July 2017 and June 2021. SMs were confirmed during hospitalization. We included demographic information, clinical manifestations, medical history, and systolic and diastolic pressure on admission. First, the cohort was randomly divided into a training set (70%) and an external testing set (30%). Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used in feature selection and an MLP model was trained based on the selected items. Then, we evaluated the performance of the model using the ten-fold cross validation method. Finally, we used the external testing set to compare the MLP model with FABS scoring system (FABS) and TeleStroke Mimic Score (TM-Score) using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. In total, 402 patients were included. Of these, 82 (20.5%) were classified as SMs. During the ten-fold cross validation, the mean area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 10 training sets and 10 validation sets were 0.92 and 0.87, respectively. In the external testing set, the AUC of the MLP model was significantly higher than that of the FABS (0.855 vs. 0.715, P = 0.038) and TM-Score (0.855 vs. 0.646, P = 0.006). The MLP model had significantly better performance in predicting SMs than FABS and TM-Score.
A pseudovirus-based platform to measure neutralizing antibodies in Mexico using SARS-CoV-2 as proof-of-concept
Authors: Cruz-Cardenas José Antonio , Gutierrez Michelle , López-Arredondo Alejandra , Castañeda-Delgado Julio Enrique , Rojas-Martinez Augusto , Nakamura Yukio , Enciso-Moreno José Antonio , Palomares Laura A. , Brunck Marion E. G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe gold-standard method to evaluate a functional antiviral immune response is to titer neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against a viral pathogen. This is historically performed using an in vitro assay of virus-mediated infection, which requires BSL-3 facilities. As these are insufficient in Latin American countries, including Mexico, scant information is obtained locally about viral pathogens NAb, using a functional assay. An alternative solution to using a BSL-3 assay with live virus is to use a BSL-2-safe assay with a non-replicative pseudovirus. Pseudoviral particles can be engineered to display a selected pathogen’s entry protein on their surface, and to deliver a reporter gene into target cells upon transduction. Here we comprehensively describe the first development of a BSL-2 safe NAbs-measuring functional assay in Mexico, based on the production of pseudotyped lentiviral particles. As proof-of-concept, the assay is based on Nanoluc luciferase-mediated luminescence measurements from target cells transduced with SARS-CoV-2 Spike-pseudotyped lentiviral particles. We applied the optimized assay in a BSL-2 facility to measure NAbs in 65 serum samples, which evidenced the assay with 100% sensitivity, 86.6% specificity and 96% accuracy. Overall, this is the first report of a BSL-2 safe pseudovirus-based functional assay developed in Mexico to measure NAbs, and a cornerstone methodology necessary to measure NAbs with a functional assay in limited resources settings.
The significance of chronic kidney disease, heart failure and cardiovascular disease for mortality in type 1 diabetes: nationwide observational study
Authors: Eliasson Björn , Lyngfelt Lovisa , Strömblad Sven-Olof , Franzén Stefan , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeople with type 1 diabetes have a substantially increased risk of premature death. This nationwide, register-based cohort study evaluated the significance of risk factors and previous cardiovascular disease (CVD), heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD), for mortality in type 1 diabetes. Nationwide, longitudinal, register-based cohort study. Patients (n = 36,303) listed in the Swedish National Diabetes Register between January 1 2015 and December 31 2017 were included and followed until December 31, 2018. Data were retrieved from national health registries through each patient's unique identifier, to capture data on clinical characteristics, outcomes, or deaths, to describe mortality rates in risk groups. The mean follow-up time was 3.3 years, with 119,800 patient years of observation and 1127 deaths, corresponding to a crude overall mortality of 0.92% deaths/year. Statistically significant increased risk in multivariate analyzes was found in older age groups, in men, and in underweight or people with normal BMI, high HbA1c or blood pressure. A history of CVD, albuminuria and advanced stages of CKD was associated with an increased risk of mortality. Each combination of these conditions further increased the risk of mortality. These results emphasize the importance of risk factors and cardiovascular and renal diabetes complications. People with a combination of CKD, CVD, and heart failure, exhibit a markedly increased risk of dying prematurely. These findings provide strong arguments for optimized and individualized treatment of these groups of people with type 1 diabetes in clinical everyday life.
Multiple mechanisms contribute to fluorometry signals from the voltage-gated proton channel
Authors: Papp Ferenc , Toombes Gilman E. S. , Pethő Zoltán , Bagosi Adrienn , Feher Adam , Almássy János , Borrego Jesús , Kuki Ákos , Kéki Sándor , Panyi Gyorgy , Varga Zoltan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVoltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) supplies information about the conformational changes of voltage-gated proteins. Changes in the fluorescence intensity of the dye attached to a part of the protein that undergoes a conformational rearrangement upon the alteration of the membrane potential by electrodes constitute the signal. The VCF signal is generated by quenching and dequenching of the fluorescence as the dye traverses various local environments. Here we studied the VCF signal generation, using the Hv1 voltage-gated proton channel as a tool, which shares a similar voltage-sensor structure with voltage-gated ion channels but lacks an ion-conducting pore. Using mutagenesis and lipids added to the extracellular solution we found that the signal is generated by the combined effects of lipids during movement of the dye relative to the plane of the membrane and by quenching amino acids. Our 3-state model recapitulates the VCF signals of the various mutants and is compatible with the accepted model of two major voltage-sensor movements.
First direct evidence for direct cell-membrane penetrations of polycationic homopoly(amino acid)s produced by bacteria
Authors: Takeuchi Yamato , Ushimaru Kazunori , Kaneda Kohei , Maruyama Chitose , Ito Takashi , Yamanaka Kazuya , Ogasawara Yasushi , Katano Hajime , Kato Yasuo , Dairi Tohru , Hamano Yoshimitsu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBacteria produce polycationic homopoly(amino acid)s, which are characterized by isopeptide backbones. Although the biological significance of polycationic homopoly(amino acid)s remains unclear, increasing attention has recently been focused on their potential use to achieve cellular internalization. Here, for the first time, we provide direct evidence that two representative bacterial polycationic isopeptides, ε-poly-l-α-lysine (ε-PαL) and ε-oligo-l-β-lysine (ε-OβL), were internalized into mammalian cells by direct cell-membrane penetration and then diffused throughout the cytosol. In this study, we used clickable ε-PαL and ε-OβL derivatives carrying a C-terminal azide group, which were enzymatically produced and then conjugated with a fluorescent dye to analyze subcellular localization. Interestingly, fluorescent proteins conjugated with the clickable ε-PαL or ε-OβL were also internalized into cells and diffused throughout the cytosol. Notably, a Cre recombinase conjugate with ε-PαL entered cells and mediated the Cre/loxP recombination, and ε-PαL was found to deliver a full-length IgG antibody to the cytosol and nucleus.
Simulation and experimental study of power flow in a seven‐phase transformer under fault conditions
Authors: Husain Mohamed Aslam , Tabrez Md , Bakhsh Farhad Ilahi , Nat Aslam , Mahmood Farhad Muhsin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFault analysis is necessary to design a protection system and circuit breakers for a power system network. The multiphase system is a new technology so very little work is found for the fault analysis of a multiphase system contrary, unlike a three‐phase system. The faults in a seven‐phase system may be either symmetrical or non‐symmetrical. A non‐symmetrical fault requires studying the sequence components of a seven‐phase system using Fortescue transformation. In the paper, non‐symmetrical fault analysis of the seven‐phase system has been analysed. For this, a new definition of sequence components of an unbalanced seven‐phase system has been proposed in this paper. Then the proposed sequence components are applied to different faults studies at the input and output sides of a seven‐phase transformer. Further, the effect of the construction of a seven‐phase transformer, that is, core type and shell type on its output is studied. Moreover, the effect of open‐phase input is analysed using simulation and hardware results. From the analysis, it is found that in certain configurations of a seven‐phase transformer, the seven‐phase output is produced even though open‐phase fault is present at the input while in other configurations, seven‐phase is not produced in the case of open‐phase fault.
Probabilistic stability of small disturbance in wind power system based on a variational Bayes and Lyapunov theory using PMU data
Authors: Yu Miao , Li Jinglin , Zhang Shouzhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the distribution of the large‐scale emergence of wind power connected to the power system, the stability problem of small disturbance has become increasingly prominent, especially the low‐frequency oscillation phenomenon caused by the weak or the negative damping. Aiming at the problem of probabilistic stability of small disturbance in power system connected with wind power, this paper proposes a method of probabilistic stability based on a variational Bayes and Lyapunov theory using PMU data. This method aims to minimize the computational efficiency when the number of wide‐area time series PMU data is large. Firstly, PMU data are classified by the Random Forest Gini classification index. Secondly, a variational Bayesian framework is introduced to improve the computational efficiency. And then, to obtain the probabilistic stability criterion, this framework is combined with the direct Lyapunov theory. Finally, simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper greatly improves the system probabilistic stability of small disturbance. The comparison between the traditional Monte Carlo based on the Markov chain method and the method in this paper has been achieved, which could provide the theoretical support for the study of the low‐frequency oscillation significantly.
Video abnormal behaviour detection based on pseudo‐3D encoder and multi‐cascade memory mechanism
Authors: Wen Xiaopeng , Lai Huicheng , Gao Guxue , Zhao Yanjie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFrame prediction methods based on Auto‐Encoder (AE) composed of convolutional neural networks (CNN) are very popular in detecting abnormal behaviour. The methods predict normal behaviour accurately and abnormal behaviour incorrectly, which is considered a criterion for abnormality discrimination. However, the emergence of problems such as too strong AE representation leading to detection failure, the insufficient ability of the network to extract spatio‐temporal information, a large number of model parameters and slow running speed leads to the need for the method to be further improved. In this work, the authors propose a network framework for abnormal behaviour detection in video based on a pseudo‐3D encoder and a multi‐cascade memory mechanism (MMP3D). First of all, the encoder consisting of pseudo‐3D convolution is used to extract spatio‐temporal information from the video. Then, the multi‐cascade memory mechanism (MM) and the multi‐headed prototype attention mechanism are used to store and aggregate features of normal behaviour, which solves to some extent the problem of detection failure caused by strong AE representation power. Finally, the decoder designed by the 2D deconvolution layers is used to recover the prediction information. The efficiency and superiority of our method is validated on the Ped2 dataset, Avenue dataset, and ShanghaiTech dataset.
Continuous learning deraining network based on residual FFT convolution and contextual transformer module
Authors: Zhang Zhijia , Wu Sinan , Peng Xinming , Wang Wanting , Li Rui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSingle image deraining work has attracted a lot of attention. So an effective single image deraining network model, RFCTNet, is designed. Specifically, the residual Fast Fourier Transform convolution module is used as a baseline for the deraining network. The advantage is its ability to capture both long and short‐term information interactions and to integrate high and low‐frequency background information for delivery. And a novel Transformer module, the Contextual Transformer module, is introduced. Contextual knowledge of the rain streaks neighbourhood is learned to improve the recovery of textures and information in the image background based on focusing on the rain pattern features. Because of the overlap between rain streaks, removing them in one stage is difficult, so a multi‐stage progressive rain removal method is used. Considering the catastrophic forgetting problem of deep learning, a continuous learning method, PIGWM, is adopted, which is c and enables the network model to memorize of the previous data set. Also, the rain removal method RFCTNet has been proven through extensive experiments to outperform other advanced methods' evaluation metrics on both synthetic and real datasets. The source code can be found on https://github.com/SUTwu/RFCTNet
Titanium abundances in late-type stars
Authors: Mallinson J. W. E. , Lind K. , Amarsi A. M. , Barklem P. S. , Grumer J. , Belyaev A. K. , Youakim K. 
Published: October 2022

Context. The titanium abundances of late-type stars are important tracers of Galactic formation history. However, abundances inferred from Ti I and Ti II lines can be in stark disagreement in very metal-poor giants. Departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) have a large impact on the minority neutral species and thus influence the ionisation imbalance, but satisfactory non-LTE modelling for both dwarfs and giants has not been achieved in the literature.
Aims. The reliability of titanium abundances is reassessed in benchmark dwarfs and giants using a new non-LTE model 1D model atmospheres.
Methods. A comprehensive model atom was compiled with a more extended level structure and newly published data for inelastic collisions between Ti I and neutral hydrogen.
Results. In 1D LTE, the Ti I and Ti II lines agree to within 0.06 dex for the Sun, Arcturus, and the very metal-poor stars HD 84937 and HD 140283. For the very metal-poor giant HD 122563, the Ti I lines give an abundance that is 0.47 dex lower than that from Ti II . The 1D non-LTE corrections can reach +0.4 dex for individual Ti I lines and +0.1 dex for individual Ti II lines, and they reduce the overall ionisation imbalance to −0.17 dex for HD 122563. However, the corrections also increase the imbalance for the very metal-poor dwarf and sub-giant to around 0.2 dex.
Conclusions. Using 1D non-LTE reduces the ionisation imbalance in very metal-poor giants but breaks the balance of other very metal-poor stars, consistent with conclusions drawn in the literature. To make further progress, consistent 3D non-LTE models are needed.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Alstonlarsine A: Old Reactions in Modern Alkaloids Synthesis
Authors: Ferjancic Zorana B. , Bihelovic Filip J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract(+)-Alstonlarsine A is a recently isolated monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, possessing a novel pentacyclic skeleton and interesting biological activity, making it an attractive target for synthetic chemists. In this article we focus on its total synthesis, grounded on enamine formation/Diels–Alder reaction domino sequence, as well as a novel methodology for indole C2 functionalization via carbenoid insertion, which could also allow for the synthesis of other indole alkaloids possessing cycloalka[b]indole subunits.1	Introduction2	Diels–Alder Reaction3	Methodology Studies4	Total Synthesis of (+)-Alstonlarsine A by Bihelovic and Ferjancic5	Total Synthesis of (+)-Alstonlarsine A by Zhai6	Summary
Expository Discourse Production in School-Age Children across Two Scaffolded Tasks
Authors: Guilkey Anna M. , Wagovich Stacy A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSchool-age children encounter expository discourse daily in the classroom, and skilled understanding and production of expository language is critical for academic success. The purpose of this study was to compare children's production of two types of expository discourse, generation and retell, while employing a scaffolded note-taking procedure to assist children in developing their samples. Twenty-six typically developing children, 9 to 12 years of age, participated in the study. For the expository generation task, children gave an explanation of a favorite activity, and for the retell task they viewed a video and provided an explanation of the information in the video. Overall, expository generation samples were longer and richer in content, but expository retell samples demonstrated greater lexical diversity. In addition, generation samples contained fewer grammatical errors than retell samples (trend), but measures of syntactic complexity, which were positively related across tasks, were not significantly different between sample types. Findings suggest that using a scaffolded procedure for supporting expository production resulted in (1) samples that were long enough for valid analysis of the children's language and (2) the production of utterances that, on average, were longer than reported in similar studies without scaffolding. The potential impact of comprehension on retell task performance is discussed.
From uprising to secession: a plea for a localized and processual approach to the avatars of the yellow vest movement
Authors: Fillieule Olivier , Dafflon Alexandre , Bendali Zakaria , Beramendi Maite , Morselli Davide 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor about fifteen years now, so-called leaderless movements, often stemming from appeals via social networks and having recourse to lasting or episodic occupations of public spaces have flourished. This has had the effect of calling into question the usual toolkit used by social movement scholars to study them. More precisely, it is a question of which levels, dimensions and units of analysis are relevant, especially when it comes to describe movements’ social base and worldviews. In this paper, based on a localized and a long-term collective undertaking, begun from the very beginning of the Yellow Vests movement in November 2018, we discuss those shortcomings and suggest avenues for analysis. We rely on three sets of data in a concomitant manner: life history calendars, social media data (mainly Facebook) and field research (participant observation and biographical interviews). By considering time and place as key variables, we offer an innovative way to describe how the YVs movement has been constructed in a constant flux of change.
The role of vote advice application in direct-democratic opinion formation: an experiment from Switzerland
Authors: Stadelmann-Steffen Isabelle , Rajski Hannah , Ruprecht Sophie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn an increasingly digitized world, vote advice applications (VAAs) seem to be effective in providing voters with personalized information about their own positions vis-à-vis parties’ positions and specific policies. Even though electoral research has increasingly paid attention to the role VAAs play in voter’s opinion formation, very few studies have examined VAAs in the context of direct-democratic decisions. This article fills this gap by providing new insights into how VAAs affect individual decision-making in popular votes theoretically and empirically. We use novel data from the referendum campaign on the 2017 new energy law in Switzerland: a VAA experiment carried out in the framework of a three-wave panel survey. In the third wave, which took place a week before the referendum, respondents were randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group; only the former was shown the VAA and made to use it. The results indicate two main takeaways. First, that using a VAA has a tangible effect inasmuch as the share of undecided voters is smaller among the treatment than among the control group. Second, VAA usage can have both a persuasive effect (i.e., it can change vote intentions) and an intensifying effect (i.e., it can strengthen voters’ preexisting intentions).