bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating a Prototype Clinical Decision Support Tool for Chronic Pain Treatment in Primary Care
Authors: Allen Katie S. , Danielson Elizabeth C. , Downs Sarah M. , Mazurenko Olena , Diiulio Julie , Salloum Ramzi G. , Mamlin Burke W. , Harle Christopher A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives The Chronic Pain Treatment Tracker (Tx Tracker) is a prototype decision support tool to aid primary care clinicians when caring for patients with chronic noncancer pain. This study evaluated clinicians' perceived utility of Tx Tracker in meeting information needs and identifying treatment options, and preferences for visual design.
Methods We conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with primary care clinicians from four health systems in Indiana. The interviews were conducted in two waves, with prototype and interview guide revisions after the first six interviews. The interviews included exploration of Tx Tracker using a think-aloud approach and a clinical scenario. Clinicians were presented with a patient scenario and asked to use Tx Tracker to make a treatment recommendation. Last, participants answered several evaluation questions. Detailed field notes were collected, coded, and thematically analyzed by four analysts.
Results We identified several themes: the need for clinicians to be presented with a comprehensive patient history, the usefulness of Tx Tracker in patient discussions about treatment planning, potential usefulness of Tx Tracker for patients with high uncertainty or risk, potential usefulness of Tx Tracker in aggregating scattered information, variability in expectations about workflows, skepticism about underlying electronic health record data quality, interest in using Tx Tracker to annotate or update information, interest in using Tx Tracker to translate information to clinical action, desire for interface with visual cues for risks, warnings, or treatment options, and desire for interactive functionality.
Conclusion Tools like Tx Tracker, by aggregating key information about past, current, and potential future treatments, may help clinicians collaborate with their patients in choosing the best pain treatments. Still, the use and usefulness of Tx Tracker likely relies on continued improvement of its functionality, accurate and complete underlying data, and tailored integration with varying workflows, care team roles, and user preferences.
Malnutrition-Inflammation Liaison in Predicting AKI following OPCABG in Diabetics: Role of a Novel Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein × Albumin Ratio
Authors: Singh Armaanjeet , Magoon Rohan , Dey Souvik , Bansal Noopur , Shri Iti , Kohli Jasvinder Kaur , Kashav Ramesh Chand 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has been recently proposed as a parsimonious inflammatory marker. Akin to MHR, hypoalbuminemia (a malnutrition marker) has a considerable proinflammatory potential and confers an accentuated risk of postcardiac surgery complications, like acute kidney injury (AKI). The present study evaluated the AKI-predictive value of the preoperative monocyte/high-density lipoprotein × albumin ratio (MHAR) in diabetic patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).
Methods The retrospective study conducted at our tertiary cardiac care center included 687 diabetic OPCABG patients. Forty-eight hours postoperative data was evaluated for the occurrence of AKI, as defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. The perioperative attributes of the AKI and non-AKI groups were compared to evaluate the predictors of AKI, by employing a regression analysis.
Results A total of 109 patients (15.87%) developed AKI postoperatively. On univariate analysis: age, EuroSCORE II, preoperative congestive heart failure, systemic hypertension, serum albumin, MHR, MHAR, intraoperative packed red blood cell transfusion, postoperative low cardiac output syndrome, and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) predicted AKI. AKI subsequent to multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.029), EuroSCORE II (OR: 1.264), MHAR (OR: 1.403), and VIS (OR: 1.07) were the independent predictors (p-values: 0.020, < 0.001, 0.013, 0.002, respectively). The AKI predictive cutoffs of albumin, MHR, and MHAR were ≤ 2.95, ≥ 15.25, and ≥ 4.08 (area under the curve:sensitivity:specificity of 0.761:84.86%:89.62%; 0.754:93.12%:86.68%; 0.798:89.63%:88.34%, respectively). MHAR ≥ 4.08 was also associated with a higher incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation and major adverse cardiac events.
Conclusion Preoperative elevated MHAR independently predicts AKI following OPCABG in diabetics, implying a malnutrition-inflammation liaison at heart of the matter.
Periprocedural Management during Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization in Patients with Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Report of Three Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Choudhury Minati , Sharma Amita , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost of the patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) also known as sleep disordered breathing are not diagnosed before undergoing any cardiac interventional procedure. Many of them can safely undergo outpatient procedure under sedation or anesthesia. Few of them with moderate to severe grade of SAS, who are not optimized medically, may create problem and need special consideration. We managed three such cases in cardiac catheterization laboratory; two of them were not diagnosed before. The periprocedural problems we faced in these patients are narrated in this article along with review of literature. Some suggestions for management of such patients undergoing therapeutic cardiac catheterization are also highlighted.
24-Hour Blood Pressure Control with Amlodipine: A Review of the Current Scenario
Authors: Nair Tiny , Kumar A Sreenivas , Unni T Govindan , Tiwaskar Mangesh Harihar , Sharma Shweta , Gaurav Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and premature death worldwide. Antihypertensive therapy using calcium channel blockers (CCBs) is one of the preferred choices to treat blood pressure (BP) and control blood pressure variability (BPV). In contrast to clinic BP, 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) has evolved into an accurate and reproducible tool for the assessment and management of hypertension. Amlodipine, a longer acting dihydropyridine CCB is effective for 24 hours BP control and also minimizing BPV. The present article is the comprehensive review highlighting the efficacy of amlodipine in controlling 24-hour BP and minimizing BPV from the review of recent studies.
Materials and Methods The literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases. The studies to be included for review, were identified through the keywords: “amlodipine,” “ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM),”“blood pressure variability (BPV),” “CCBs,” and filtering articles published in English language only.
Results Pharmacological evidence suggests that amlodipine has the ability to block all the subtypes of CCBs such as L-, N-, P-, Q-, R-, and T-type. Various clinical studies reported that amlodipine is a powerful, well-tolerated, and safe antihypertensive agent which is widely used either alone or as a key component of combination therapy for control of 24 hours BP.
Conclusion Overall, amlodipine is a proven and effective antihypertensive drug and helpful in controlling 24-hour BP, minimizing BP variability and hence reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Design of a phasemeter for real-time measurements of the average plasma density with the microwave interferometer of the tokamak T-15MD
Authors: Drozd Alexey , Sergeev Dmitriy 
Published: June 2022

Interferometry is one of the key diagnostics for fusion research. This diagnostic measures electron plasma density. Interferometers that work on an intermediate frequency are widespread nowadays. The phase shift between interferometer signals has to be measured. The use of a microwave interferometer on machines, such as a tokamak, leads to challenging requirements for the phasemeter operation. We present a method to provide real-time measurements of phase shifts with values much higher than 2π. The phasemeter has been designed for the microwave interferometer of the T-15MD tokamak. It is based on microcircuits AD8302. Two signals with frequencies of 5 and 10 MHz are used as interferometer outputs. The phasemeter output will be used to create a feedback loop for the working gas injection into the tokamak chamber to control the plasma density. The phasemeter has been successfully tested. The typical phase error and non-linearity of the device are 1° and 5 × 10−4, respectively.
A compact gain-enhanced microwave helical antenna for 87Rb atomic experiments
Authors: Zheng Yong-Guang , Jiang Lei , Zhu Zi-Hang , Zhang Wei-Yong , Zhou Zhao-Yu , Xiao Bo , Yuan Zhen-Sheng 
Published: June 2022

We present a compact and gain-enhanced microwave helical antenna for manipulating ultracold 87Rb atoms coherently. By replacing the reflecting plate with an enhancing cup, the voltage standing wave ratio is reduced by 0.5 in the frequency range of 6.73–6.93 GHz, which covers the resonant frequency between the ground-state hyperfine levels of the 87Rb atom. The gain of the helical antenna is increased by 1.25–1.63 dBi, whose length is 89 mm. Applying the antenna to ultracold 87Rb atomic experiments, we achieve a Rabi frequency of 60(1) ×2π kHz of the oscillation between the hyperfine levels.
A tensor norm approach to quantum compatibility
Authors: Bluhm Andreas , Nechita Ion 
Published: June 2022

Measurement incompatibility is one of the most striking examples of how quantum physics is different from classical physics. Two measurements are incompatible if they cannot arise via classical post-processing from a third one. A natural way to quantify incompatibility is in terms of noise robustness. In the present article, we review recent results on the maximal noise robustness of incompatible measurements, which have been obtained by the present authors using free spectrahedra, and rederive them using tensor norms. In this way, we make them accessible to a broader audience from quantum information theory and mathematical physics and contribute to the fruitful interactions between Banach space theory and quantum information theory. We also describe incompatibility witnesses using the tensor norm and matrix convex set duality, emphasizing the relation between the different notions of witnesses.
A compound pendulum for thrust measurement of micro-Newton thruster
Authors: Xu Hao , Gao Yong , Mao Qiang-Bing , Ye Liang-Wen , Hu Zhong-Kun , Zhang Kai , Song Peiyi , Li Qing 
Published: June 2022

A thrust stand is developed for testing micro-Newton level thrusters on the ground. The stand is composed of a compound pendulum that is symmetrically suspended by two thin beryllium copper strips, and it is precisely calibrated by gravity. The stiffness of the stand can be adjusted in 3 orders of magnitude by a counterweight. When the stiffness is larger than 1 Nm/rad, the stand demonstrates a fast response to thrust. The measured range of the stand reaches 1000 μN, and the noise is less than 0.1 μN/Hz within 1 mHz–1 Hz. To calibrate the resolution of the stand, an electrostatic force is applied to the stand with an actuator. The equivalent thrust is determined to be 0.09 μN with a standard uncertainty of 0.02 μN. Using the stand, a micro-Newton colloid thruster is tested. The output of the colloid thruster changes with the applied voltage as 0.015(1) μN/V. When changing the voltage by 50 V, the change in thrust is measured to be 0.7 μN with a standard uncertainty of 0.1 μN.
A broadly applicable, stress-mediated bacterial death pathway regulated by the phosphotransferase system (PTS) and the cAMP-Crp cascade
Authors: Zeng Jie , Hong Yuzhi , Zhao Ningqiu , Liu Qianyu , Zhu Weiwei , Xiao Lisheng , Wang Weijie , Chen Miaomiao , Hong Shouqiang , Wu Liwen , Xue Yunxin , Wang Dai , Niu Jianjun , Drlica Karl , Zhao Xilin 
Published: June 2022

SignificanceFinding that pan-tolerance derives from defects in carbohydrate regulation connects stress-mediated lesions with metabolic change, identifies a stable type of tolerance, and demonstrates a widely shared death response. Manipulation of the response should improve antimicrobial efficacy, preserve beneficial bacteria during antimicrobial use, and protect industrial bacteria from toxic products. Mutations in many genes can interfere with stress-mediated metabolism; thus, mutation to pan-tolerance could be a high-probability event. Finding that selection of tolerance to one lethal stressor confers tolerance to many, if not all, indicates that massive disinfectant consumption potentially undermines antimicrobial efficacy and immune defenses against pathogenic bacteria. Since pan-tolerance is hidden from current surveillance of resistance, the work indicates a need for facile methods to measure tolerance.
Revealing synergetic structural activation of a CuAu surface during water–gas shift reaction
Authors: Dong Zejian , Nian Yao , Liu Hongpeng , Chen Jiacheng , Wang Yan , Wang Shuangbao , Xu Jing , Han You , Luo Langli 
Published: June 2022

Significance
Atomic-level in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy observation of the dynamic activation process on a low-indexed CuAu surface under water–gas shift reaction (WGSR) condition has been revealed. The atomic-scale structural activation of a CuAu surface features a gas-dependent periodic surface restructuring and elemental ordering, explaining the “synergy effect” from the structural point of view. These real-time changes under relevant reactant gases and temperature are correlated with the reaction route of WGSR corroborated by density functional theory–based calculation and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation and can provide insights for atom-precision catalyst design.
Jelou pipol
Authors: Cotelo García Rosalía 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study explores the characteristics of the language used in Twitch, one of the most popular streaming platforms worldwide, as an example of computer-mediated communication (CMC). Some of the most salient traits used to describe CMC are found in Twitch chat messages, as the paper will show, confirming that the communicative interaction that takes place among users of this platform matches the features of CMC described in the academic literature. Additionally, the synchronous and multimodal nature of this platform, as well as the pragmatic implications of the use of subscriber-exclusive emotes are peculiarities that must be considered for a comprehensive description of the language that takes place on Twitch. Lastly, in the case of the videogame chats in Spanish studied, the paper introduces as a key factor in the description of this language the characteristics of the lexicon: its foreign origin, its neological nature and its high level of terminological specialisation.
Features of resonant and non-resonant slab ion-temperature-gradient instabilities in weakly reversed magnetic shear configurations
Authors: Ren Guangzhi , Wei Lai , Li Jiquan , Wang Zheng-Xiong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Linear eigenmode analysis of slab ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) instabilities in weakly reversed magnetic shear configurations is performed based on a Gyro-Landau-Fluid model. Numerical results show that the linear features of the ITG instabilities are different in weakly reversed shear plasmas with double, single and non-rational surfaces, respectively. For the case with double rational surfaces separated far away, mode structures exhibit a global symmetry or antisymmetry versus the minimum of the safety factor q

min
with locally odd or even parity around each resonant surface. Linear properties are mainly determined by local magnetic shear as in normal magnetic shear case. With the distance between two surfaces decreasing, linear instability properties vary non-monotonically. Various high order eigenmodes are driven unstable with a moderate distance. The mode structures are eventually localized around q

min
surface in the single rational surface case, even nonresonant one. When there is no rational surface, the nonresonant modes are strongly driven unstable with growth rates even larger than the resonant modes. In addition, similar results in a cylinder plasma indicate the importance of non-resonant ITG instability in the short wavelength regime with weakly reversed magnetic shear.
Quantum speed limits for information and coherence
Authors: Mohan Brij , Das Siddhartha , Pati Arun Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The quantum speed limit indicates the maximal evolution speed of the quantum system. In this work, we determine speed limits on the informational measures, namely the von Neumann entropy, maximal information, and coherence of quantum systems evolving under dynamical processes. These speed limits ascertain the fundamental limitations on the evolution time required by the quantum systems for the changes in their informational measures. Erasing of quantum information to reset the memory for future use is crucial for quantum computing devices. We use the speed limit on the maximal information to obtain the minimum time required to erase the information of quantum systems via some quantum processes of interest.
Communicability in time-varying networks with memory
Authors: Estrada Ernesto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We develop a first-principles approach to define the communicability between two nodes in a time-varying network with memory. The formulation is based on the time-fractional Schrödinger equation, where the fractional (of Caputo type) derivative accounts for the memory of the system. Using a time-varying Hamiltonian in the tight-binding formalism we propose the temporal communicability as the product of Mittag–Leffer functions of the adjacency matrices of the temporal snapshots. We then show that the resolvent- and exponential-communicabilities of a network are special cases of the proposed temporal communicability when perfect (resolvent) or imperfect (exponential) memory are considered for the system. By using theoretical and empirical evidence we show that real-world systems work out of perfect memory, and with an interrelation between memory-dependent temporal communication and imperfect memory spatial transmission of information. We illustrate our results with the study of trophallaxis interactions in two ant colonies.
Stress accumulation versus shape flattening in frustrated, warped-jigsaw particle assemblies
Authors: Spivack Isaac R , Hall Douglas M , Grason Gregory M 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeometrically frustrated assembly has emerged as an attractive paradigm for understanding and engineering assemblies with self-limiting, finite equilibrium dimensions. We propose and study a novel 2D particle based on a so-called ‘warped jigsaw’ (WJ) shape design: directional bonds in a tapered particle favor curvature along multi-particle rows that frustrate 2D lattice order. We investigate how large-scale intra-assembly stress gradients emerge from the microscopic properties of the particles using a combination of numerical simulation and continuum elasticity. WJ particles can favor anisotropic ribbon assemblies, whose lateral width may be self-limiting depending on the relative strength of cohesive to elastic forces in the assembly, which we show to be controlled by the range of interactions and degree of shape misfit. The upper limits of self-limited size are controlled by the crossover between two elastic modes in assembly: the accumulation of shear with increasing width at small widths giving way to unbending of preferred row curvature, permitting assembly to grow to unlimited sizes. We show that the stiffness controlling distinct elastic modes is governed by combination and placement of repulsive and attractive binding regions, providing a means to extend the range of accumulating stress to sizes that are far in excess of the single particle size, which we corroborate via numerical studies of discrete particles of variable interactions. Lastly, we relate the ground-state energetics of the model to lower and upper limits on equilibrium assembly size control set by the fluctuations of width along the ribbon boundary.
Fast capillary discharge device for soft x-ray generation in the “carbon-window” and “water-window” spectral regions
Authors: Samokhvalov A.A. , Sergushichev K.A. , Eliseev S.I. , Smirnov A.A. , Bronzov T.P. , Getman D.V. , Bolshakov E.P. , Timshina M.V. , Burtsev V.A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a compact source of soft X-ray radiation
based on a fast capillary discharge developed for “water window”
microscopy methods. The central part of the source is the specially
designed nanosecond voltage pulse generator capable of operating at
a frequency of 600 Hz, with 100 ns pulse duration and energy per
pulse 5 J. The discharge is created in a borosilicate capillary
non-uniformly filled with gas. The plasma emission spectra obtained
for the case of source operation in argon-helium mixture demonstrate
well-pronounced lines in the “carbon window” range, in carbon
dioxide-lines in the “water window” range. An analysis of the
emission spectra in the range of 2–9 nm in cases of different
inlet gas pressures made it possible to estimate the degree of
ablation of the inner wall of the capillary and to determine the
suitable operating pressure range.
Scenarios for future Indian HFC demand compared to the Kigali Amendment
Authors: Hillbrand Alex , Madan Prima , Singh Manjeet , McNamara Marie , Andersen Stephen O , Mathur Ajay , Shende Rajendra , Jaiswal Anjali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Demand for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants used as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances is growing in India and is estimated to continue growing at a high rate through the middle of this century. HFCs, although not directly ozone-depleting, are highly potent greenhouse gases subject to a global phasedown under the 2016 Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. As of 20 January 2022, 130 Parties have ratified the Kigali Amendment, including India. This analysis evaluates scenarios for India’s HFC demand trajectory compared to likely control obligations under the Kigali Amendment. It is based on current and projected markets for HFC-using equipment and types of refrigerants utilized now and likely to be used in the future. Sectors considered in this work include mobile air conditioning, stationary air conditioning, refrigeration, and foam blowing agents. Results suggest that India’s annual HFC demand under current market trends could reach 76 MMT CO2-equivalent (CO2e) in 2030 and 197 MMT CO2e in 2050, from 23 MMT CO2e in 2020, making no changes to the current mix of HFCs in use. The Kigali Amendment requires for compliance that India freeze its HFC consumption in 2028 at a projected level of 59–65 MMT CO2e and phase down progressively over the following 29 years; in that case, annual Indian HFC demand would peak in 2030 at a projected 57 MMT CO2e and fall to 8 MMT CO2e by 2050. This trajectory would avoid cumulative HFC use of 2.2 GT CO2e through 2050 versus the current market trends. If actions are taken to accelerate the refrigerant transition in stationary air conditioning by five years, India could peak its annual HFC demand by 2028 at 40 MMT CO2e and avoid additional cumulative HFC demand of 337 MMT CO2e between 2025 and 2050, exceeding its obligations under the Kigali Amendment.