bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered HDL composition is associated with risk for complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asian descendants: a cross-sectional, case-control study on lipoprotein subclass profiling
Authors: Yuan Lushun , Li-Gao Ruifang , Verhoeven Aswin , Eyk Huub J. van , Bizino Maurice B. , Rensen Patrick C.N. , Giera Martin , Jazet Ingrid M. , Lamb Hildo J. , Rabelink Ton J. , Berg Bernard M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Composition of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is emerging as an important determinant in the development of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dutch South Asian (DSA) individuals with T2DM display an increased risk of microvascular complications compared to Dutch white Caucasian (DwC) individuals with T2DM. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether changes in HDL composition associate with increased microvascular risk in this ethnic group and lead to new lipoprotein biomarkers.
Methods: Using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Bruker IVDr Lipoprotein Subclass Analysis (B.I.LISATM) software, plasma lipoprotein changes were determined in 51 healthy individuals (30 DwC, 21 DSA) and 92 individuals with T2DM (45 DwC, 47 DSA) in a cross-sectional, case-control study.
Results: Using multinomial logistic and linear regression analyses we identified specifically reduced ApoA2 and HDL-4 plasma concentrations in DSA individuals with T2DM, revealing unique HDL compositional changes, associated with higher waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1c, and glucose levels, that correlated with microvascular complications.
Conclusion: While in both ethnic groups HDL composition differed between controls and T2DM, the lipid changes in DSA with T2DM were of more clinical relevance with higher odds of having diabetes-related pan-microvascular complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. These typical changes in HDL could be used as ethnicity-specific T2DM biomarkers.
Eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana – KUMBMDBT-32 and evaluation of biomedical properties
Authors: D Manjunatha , S Akarsh , G Nandish , .V Sowmya H , G.T Megha , S Nagaraju , B Thippeswamy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The present study focused on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from an endophytic fungus isolated from the medicinal plant Abrus precatorius. The endophytic fungus was identified as Phyllosticta owaniana KUMBMDBT-32 (NCBI Accession number MW007919). The fungus was cultured in submerged fermentation and extracted with ethyl acetate (1:1 V/V). The extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis which have revealed the presence of 42 bioactive compounds of secondary metabolites. Synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by Bio-spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD and DLS. The absorption spectra in the Bio-spectrophotometer analysis showed a peak at 400 nm, confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The FTIR study revealed peaks corresponding to various functional groups possibly involved, confirming the reducing and capping of silver nanoparticles. The spherical form of silver nanoparticles was revealed through SEM-EDAX studies, the EDAX study showed that silver atoms are present at 3keV. XRD studies revealed the crystalline structure of the silver nanoparticles. DLS study determined size of synthesized silver nanoparticles i.e., 65.81 nm. Antibacterial activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against pathogenic bacteria. S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi and K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic enhancing activity of silver nanoparticles was determined by using commercial antibiotics such as Chloramphenicol, Cefpodoxime, Gentamicin, Ampicillin, and Imipenem. Antifungal activity silver nanoparticles was determined against fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus brassiliensis, and Aspergillus flavus. Synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited effective antioxidant, measurement of cell viability by MTT assay and in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities. These results certainly determines pharmaceutical and biomedical importance of silver nanoparticles.
A constrained swarm optimization algorithm for large-scale long-run investments using Sharpe ratio-based performance measures
Authors: Kaucic Massimiliano , Piccotto Filippo , Sbaiz Gabriele 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

We study large-scale portfolio optimization problems in which the aim is to maximize a multi-moment performance measure extending the Sharpe ratio. More specifically, we consider the adjusted for skewness Sharpe ratio, which incorporates the third moment of the returns distribution, and the adjusted for skewness and kurtosis Sharpe ratio, which exploits in addition the fourth moment. Further, we account for two types of real-world trading constraints. On the one hand, we impose stock market restrictions through cardinality, buy-in thresholds, and budget constraints. On the other hand, a turnover threshold restricts the total allowed amount of trades in the rebalancing phases. To deal with these asset allocation models, we embed a novel hybrid constraint-handling procedure into an improved dynamic level-based learning swarm optimizer. A repair operator maps candidate solutions onto the set characterized by the first type of constraints. Then, an adaptive ℓ1-exact penalty function manages turnover violations. The focus of the paper is to highlight the importance of including higher-order moments in the performance measures for long-run investments, in particular when the market is turbulent. We carry out empirical tests on two worldwide sets of assets to illustrate the scalability and effectiveness of the proposed strategies, and to evaluate the performance of our investments compared to the strategy maximizing the Sharpe ratio.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 90C59 (primary); 91G10, 68W50, 90C26 (secondary)
Anxiety and depression in adolescents linked to electronic device use during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hamshari Suha , Yaseen Shaban , Zayed Mosab , Dallashi Asala , Qawasmeh Abdallah , Nazzal Zaher , Maraqa Beesan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescent students in the West Bank region of Palestine, focusing on the effect of using electronic devices on their mental health.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,140 adolescents. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, electronic device use, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire. To explore the independent association between anxiety and depression and numerous independent characteristics, we computed odds ratios (O.R.s) and their 95% confidence intervals (C.I.s) using a binary logistic regression model.Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety was 35.4% [95%CI: 32.7-38.3%], and moderate to severe depression was 23.9% [95%CI: 21.4 -26.4%]. Anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher among females [OR=3.8, 95%CI: 2.5-5.9], those with lower academic performance [OR=3.4, 95%CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.0]. Similarly, significantly higher depressive scores were found among females [OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.1], those with lower academic performance [OR=3.4, 95%CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.3-2.8]. On the other hand, students who used electronic devices for a shorter period were less likely to be depressed [OR=.49 (95%CI: .32-.76] or anxious [OR=.47, 95%CI: .32-.69].Conclusion:Concerning the high prevalence of anxiety and depression among adolescents and their correlation with the duration of electronic device use, we advocate the development of guidelines for device use duration used to prevent mental health consequences in this crucial age group.
A revisit of the vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation with cubic equations of state
Authors: Liu Hongqin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Based on the roots-coefficient relations for a cubic function, quadratic functions are constructed that strictly relate the saturated volumes of liquid and vapor phases and the third solution from a cubic equation of state (EoS). The vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculation with a cubic EoS is thus reduced to solving a single nonlinear equation. In light of a recent finding that the “unphysical” third solution, namely the Maxwell crossover or the M-line, plays a central role as the dividing interface in the density gradient theory, here we show that it can also be used to derive analytically approximate solutions to a VLE problem. The van der Waals EoS and the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EoS are discussed as examples. The method proposed in this work simplifies the calculations of the traditional VLE calculations with a cubic EoS. With one-time-only effort for a given system, simple analytical solutions can be obtained to avoid the repetitively iterative computations for a VLE problem. Finally, the relationship between the Widom line in the supercritical region and the M-line is briefly discussed with the SRK EoS.
The effects of Facial Mask Use on Ocular Surface Parameters and Tear Film Cytokine Profile in Prolonged Use
Authors: Penbe Aysegul , Oklar Murat , Kanar¹ Hatice Selen , Bayrak Müberra Zülal , Ersarı Başak , Talan Mustafa , Gün Raziye Dönmez , Orçun Asuman , Şimşek Şaban 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To compare tear fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and IL-1ß cytokines between healthcare workers wearing facial masks and controls with correlations in clinical findings.
Methods: In a prospective, controlled clinical trial tear fluid was analyzed for MMP-9 and IL-1ß levels using a commercially available test (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Symptoms and signs of dry eye disease (DED) were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), noninvasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), Oxford corneal staining, meibomiography, and clinical findings of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Results: In the 38 eyes of healthcare workers and 30 eyes of controls, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age and sex (p>0.05). The mean OSDI score, daily mask wear time, meibomiography degree, and rate of positive clinical findings of MGD were higher in group 1 than in group 2, and the mean NIBUT was higher in group 2. (p>0.05). The mean values of IL1-ß and MMP-9 were higher in group 1 (p=0.036 and p =0.001, respectively). The TMH and Oxford score percentages were similar between the two groups (p>0.05)
Conclusions: Elevated levels of IL-1ß and MMP-9 in the basal tear fluid reveal increased ocular inflammation in healthcare professionals. Lower NIBUT values with higher OSDI and meibomian gland loss scores support ocular surface disturbance depending on regular mask use.
Eco-friendly flame-retardant wood-plastic composites from wood-fiber and polyurethane
Authors: Wang Xuanye , Wang Beibei , Sun Jingmeng , Yu Lei , Yang Guochao , Guo Hongwu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Wood-plastic composites (WPCs), which are widely used in construction and furniture, need to be treated with fire protection. In this work, polyurethane (PU) was applied to derive simultaneously flame-retardancy-improved and mechanically strengthened wood-polyurethane composites (WPUCs). It was constructed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and PU by an eco-friendly way of pressing at ambient temperature. The combination of APP and PU improves the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of WPCs. The results indicated that the flame retardancy of WPUCs is the best when the mass of APP is 18% of PU, making LOI reach 31.2%. In the combustion test, the peak of heat release rate and total smoke production for WPUCs were respectively decreased by 42.1% and 89.7% in the presence of the above ratio of APP and PU. In addition, the results of the functional group test show that PU contains highly reactive -NCO which is bonded to the -OH and moisture in the wood fiber, resulting in improvement of physical and mechanical properties. The mechanism for the excellent flame retardancy of WPUCs revealed that polyphosphoric acid produced by APP pyrolysis catalyzed PU into the char, and PU was arched by the resulting gases such as NH3 to form the tiny spherical structure. Meanwhile, the spherical structure increased the height and density of the carbon layer, which worked in blocking heat and the exchange of substances. This work provides a simple and economic strategy for the preparation of flame-retardant WPCs.
Investigation of spectrum of rotational resolve spctrum of collimated CO2 Raman laser
Authors: Cai Xianglong , Liu Dong , Xu Ming , Jia Yuxi , Sun Jinglu , Hu Shu , Shi Jing , Cai Hongxing , Guo Jingwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, a pulsed 1064 nm laser was used as pump source, high pressure CO2 gas was used as Raman medium, and a spectrum up to 12 anti-Stokes and 2 Stokes collimated vibrational Raman lasers was obtained. When higher pumping energy and high resolution spectrometer were applied, a rotational resolved spectrum of collimated CO2 Raman laser was achieved. By the Boltzmann population distribution and Raman gain coefficient analysis, mechanism of stimulated pure rotational Raman scattering was eliminated, and stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering process was identified; by multiple four-wave-maxing (FWM) processes, a spectrum with multiple rotational Raman structure was achieved. Raman gain of Stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering covered a range of more than ten wavenumbers, and was estimated about 5.5 times smaller than that of Stimulated Q-branch vibrational Raman scattering.
Changes in Utilization of Robotic Bariatric Surgery and Effect on Patient Outcomes From 2015-2020
Authors: Koeller Eva , Luhrs Andrew R , Giorgi Marcoandrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Robotic surgery is an increasingly popular alternative to laparoscopy for performing bariatric
operations.
Objectives
To describe changes in utilization and complication rates of this technique over the last six years.
Methods
An analysis of the 2015-2020 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program participant use files (MBSAQIP PUF) was performed. All patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic bariatric surgery from 2015-2020 were included.
Results
1,341,814 robotic and laparoscopic bariatric operations were included. Both the number and proportion performed robotically increased from 2015 (n=9,866, 5.87%) to 2019 (n=54,356, 13.16%). In 2020, although the number of cases decreased, the proportion performed robotically still increased (17.37%). Yet, there has been no significant change in 30 day risk of death (p=0.946) or infection (p=0.721). In fact, the risk of any complication has decreased from 8.21% in 2015 to 6.43% in 2020 (P=0.001). Robotic cases are being increasingly performed on high-risk patients with 77.06% of patients being American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) class 3 or higher in 2015 versus 81.03% (p=0.001) in 2020. Robotic cases are also more likely to be revision operations than laparoscopic cases (12.16% vs 11.4%, p=0.001).
Conclusions
From 2015-2020 robotic bariatric surgery became more prevalent yet both complication rates and length of operation decreased suggesting it is an increasingly safe option. The risk of robotic complications remains higher than laparoscopy, however there are significant differences in the patient populations suggesting there may be specific patients and/or operations in which robotic bariatric surgery is being used.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluating the efficiency of simple T shaped microfluidic biosensor for multianalyte detection using computational based simulation
Authors: Ganesan Harshitha , Selvaraj Stalin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A combined model for a multi-analyte sensing microfluidic chip based on velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles are currently required for efficient sensing of multiple biomarkers. In this present study, we have simulated the 2D and 3D pressure-driven microfluidic chip with T shaped design – with three outlets each containing an active sensing surface area - and one inlet for an incompressible and Newtonian fluid. using COMSOL and evaluating the velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles. The velocity, pressure, and concentration are compared and studied for the real time analysis. The optimized model shows a uniform laminar flow profile with a high adsorption of the analyte to the active surface with less time and high sensitivity than the other reported simulated designs. The model also prevents the backflow of the analyte to enhance the performance and reliability of the sensor. The profile gradients are studied for a micro-total analysis system (µTAS) based on time-dependent biosensing. To prove the efficiency of adsorption by the ligand in the proposed design, various labels are studied. Thus velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles help in validating the design of the microfluidic biosensor. Furthermore, customized designs can be developed based on the requirement for microfluidic channel-based sensing applications.
A New Self-Shrinking Generator
Authors: Aggarwal Mudit , Gulliver T Aaron 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Self-shrinking generators were introduced in 1994 and a modified self-shrinking generator was presented 2010.They employ a linear feedback shift register as the underlying sequence generator.In this article, a new self-shrinking generator is proposed that provides randomness similar to current self-shrinking generators but increases the security using an underlying non-linear feedback shift register.A generalization of the shrinking employed in previous generators is also given.It is shown both theoretically and experimentally using the NIST test suite that the proposed generator is more secure than current generators.
Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia
Authors: Pujol Jesus , Pujol Nuria , Mané Anna , Martínez-Vilavella Gerard , Deus Joan , Pérez-Sola Víctor , Blanco-Hinojo Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system could be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expressed in the form of neural activity desynchronization. We mapped the functional anatomy of local synchrony in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia using a novel functional connectivity MRI approach. Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker local functional connectivity (i.e., lower MRI signal synchrony) in a set of cerebral cortex areas largely coinciding with the synchronization effect of the GABA agonist alprazolam and the cortical areas showing higher density of parvalbumin and somatostatin GABA interneurons in humans. Our results provide detail of the functional anatomy of synchrony changes in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia and suggest which elements of the interneuron system are affected. The information could ultimately be relevant in the search for specific treatments.
Adaptation and integration of the Thinking Healthy Programme into pregnancy schools in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Boran Perran , Dönmez Melike , Atif Najia , Nisar Anum , Barış Ezgi , Us Mahmut Caner , Altaş Zeynep Meva , Hıdıroğlu Seyhan , Save Dilsad , Rahman Atıf 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Perinatal mental health is a major public health concern. In Turkey, the public hospitals operate pregnancy schools which provides an opportunity to integrate an evidence-based Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) for perinatal depression. The aim of this study is to adapt the THP for universal use in the group setting, and to understand its acceptability and feasibility for integration into the existing antenatal care programme for both face-to-face and online delivery.
Methods
Following an expert-led adaptation process using the Bernal Framework, field-testing was conducted on a group of women and facilitators (n=21) followed by in-depth interviews and group discussions. Data were analysed using Thematic Framework Analysis.
Results
Minor but significant adaptations were made to the individually delivered THP for use in the universal group pregnancy schools. Initial findings indicate that the THP-group version was relatable and acceptable to its target population and could be integrated into the antenatal care plan for delivery during face-to-face and on-line group classes.
Conclusion
THP is transferable to the Turkish cultural and healthcare context. The THP – group version has the potential to add value to Turkey's existing perinatal healthcare programme.
Effect of 2,6-diketopiperazines derived from α-amino acids over MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line
Authors: González Flor Paulina Garrido , Jiménez Elvia Mera , Percino Teresa Mancilla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Diketopiperazines have attracted attention from the point of view of synthesis and biological properties for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, although 2,6-DKPs have been less studied. In this work is present the inhibitory effects of various 2,6-DKPs derived from α-amino acids over the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells by the MTT assay. It was found that IC50 values obtained for compounds 1 and (S) enantiomers were between 4.6 x 10− 3 and 4.944 (mM), where 1 and (S)-2a showed the lowest values, for (R) enantiomers were in the range 0.021 and 3.639 mM, where (R)-2b exhibited the lowest value. In addition, the apoptotic induction of the 2,6-DKPs was investigated over MDA-MB-231 cell line by flow cytometry, these results showed that all the compounds studied induced more apoptosis at 48 h than at 24 h in a range of 54.1 to 76.2%, except 12a that exhibited a 3% decrease compared to the 24 h test. According to the biological assays, all the evaluated 2,6-DKPs derivatives could be considered for further studies in vivo, principally those with the lowest IC50 value and (S) stereoisomers as possible antitumoral agents to mama cancer.