bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills through POGIL combined with digital mind map
Authors: Diniyyah Mafazatud , Susilo Herawati , Balqis B. , Sudrajat Ahmad Kamal 
Published: November 2022

Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are necessary skills in the 21st century learning. However, the initial tests of students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills showed low scores. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to improve students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills through the POGIL (Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning) model combined with a digital mind map based on online learning. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method following the design of Kemmis & McTaggart, which consists of 4 stages, namely planning, implementing the action, observing, and reflecting. The stages of the POGIL model consist of orientation, exploration, concept formation combined with making digital mind maps, applications, and closings. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA 4 of SMAN 2 Malang, totalling 28 students which consisted of twenty girls and eight boys. The percentage of critical thinking skills achievement increased by 29.61% from 66.87% in the first cycle to 86.67% in the second cycle. Problem-solving skills increased by 22.16% from 70.27% in the first cycle to 85.84% in the second cycle. The results showed that the POGIL model combined with a digital mind map based on online learning could improve students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Switch-Side Debating Meets Demand-Driven Rhetoric of Science
Authors: Mitchell Gordon R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
U.S. government agencies are collaborating with outside scholars to untangle disparate threads of knotty technoscientific issues, in part by integrating structured debating exercises into institutional decision-making processes such as intelligence assessment and public policy planning. These initiatives drive up demand for rhetoricians with skill and experience in what Protagoras called dissoi logoi—the practice of airing multiple sides of vexing questions for the purpose of stimulating critical thinking. In the contemporary milieu, dissoi logoi receives concrete expression in the tradition of intercollegiate switch-side debating, a form of structured argumentation categorized by some as a cultural technology with weighty ideological baggage. What exactly is that baggage, and how does it implicate plans to improve institutional decision making by drawing from rhetorical theory and expertise? Exploration of how switch-side debating meets demand-driven rhetoric of science not only sheds light on this question, but also contributes to the burgeoning scholarly literature on deliberative democracy, inform argumentation studies, and suggest new avenues of inquiry in rhetorical theory and practice.
Reflexiones sobre el aprendizaje híbrido
Authors: González Alemania Emperatriz , García Martínez Andrés 
Published: November 2022

La enorme difusión de la tecnología móvil y de redes ofrece nuevos espacios de interacción social. La condición actual de siempre conectado borra cualquier distinción entre espacios físicos presenciales y virtuales, introduciendo una nueva concepción del espacio llamada híbrido. Los espacios híbridos de aprendizaje (HLS, por sus siglas en inglés) son dinámicos y se caracterizan por una conexión constante y una integración de lo presencial con lo virtual, por lo que requieren un nuevo diseño didáctico y un cambio en el rol del docente y del estudiante. En el aprendizaje híbrido los docentes diseñan los escenarios de aprendizaje, con estudiantes a distancia (virtual) y otros de forma presencial al mismo tiempo, utilizando diversas tecnologías. El aprendizaje híbrido integra lo virtual y lo presencial en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, logrando una experiencia única de aprendizaje que ninguna de las dos modalidades por sí mismas lograrían. El aprendizaje híbrido se ha considerado con la intención de acercar a los estudiantes hacia su futura realidad laboral. Esta reflexión ha sido impulsada, entre otros, por los avances tecnológicos en materia de tecnologías emergentes. La implementación de un modelo híbrido demanda un análisis del contexto, de las necesidades, recursos y preferencias de aprendizaje de los estudiantes y garantizar el manejo de los recursos tecnológicos, tanto por parte de los docentes como de los estudiantes. El objetivo del trabajo es caracterizar el aprendizaje híbrido y realizar recomendaciones para su implementación en la Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil.
Analisis Penggunaan “Simple Present Tense” dengan Menggunakan Metode Drilling
Authors: Ayu Lestari Puspita , Nabah Ifaul 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan siswa dalam belajar "Simple Present Tense". Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini meliputi subjek, kata kerja, kata kerja bantu sederhana sekarang "do" dan "be", kalimat verbal dan kalimat nominal yang terkandung dalam paragraf dan kegiatan sehari-hari. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi kelas, wawancara, catatan, dan post-test. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam satu siklus yang terdiri dari satu pertemuan selama tiga jam pelajaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Simple Present Tense dalam teks sederhana tulis maupun lisan ditemukan ketidak fokusan peserta didik dalam mempelajari tenses tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan sekitar 71% yang masih belum memahami Simple Present Tense khususnya pada rumus dalam menulis teks sederhana lisan maupun tulis
Penerapan E-Learning dalam Efisiensi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Nafis Muh Jauhar , Ramhawati Heni , Fajarwati Eki , Fathoni Achmat 
Published: November 2022

E-Learning merupakan suatu sistem pendidikan yang memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam proses belajar mengajar. E-Learning memiliki tujuan dalam efisiensi proses belajar. Efisiensi yang di harapkan oleh SD Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta yaitu efisiensi waktu belajar dan efisiensi dalam penggunaan kertas. E-Learning SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ketelan Surakta merupakan pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan teknologi berbasis WEB. Dalam aplikasi E-Learning ini memiliki 3 aktor yaitu admin, guru, siswa. Admin bertugas sebagai pengelola aplikasi E-Learning mengatur jalannya aplikasi agar dapat berjalan dengan baik, guru memberikan materi serta tugas yang dikerjakan oleh siswa, sementara siswa akan mengerjakan tugas yang diunggah oleh guru dan mengunduh materi yang telah diunggah oleh guru. Aplikasi E-Learning sebagai penunjang kegiatan belajar, karena sekolah mampu melakukan kegiatan belajar tidak hanya mengajar dengan menggunakan media non-teknologi tetapi sekolah juga dapat menggunakan media teknologi dalam proses pemeblajaran. Dengan adanya pembelajaran melalui website E-Learning di SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ketelan Surakarta mampu menambah wawasan serta pengetahuan guru maupun siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Penerapan E-Learning Dalam Efisiensi Belajar Siswa di SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ketelan Surakarta.
Oddziaływania Pomiędzy Małymi, Regulatorowymi RNA a Dwuskładnikowymi Systemami Transdukcji Sygnału u Bakterii Gram-Ujemnych
Authors: Jaworska Karolina , Staniszewska Weronika , Gomza Patrycja , Rożen Paula , Brzostek Katarzyna , Raczkowska Adrianna 
Published: November 2022

Streszczenie
Małe, regulatorowe RNA (sRNA) wraz z dwuskładnikowymi systemami transdukcji sygnału (TCS) wchodzą w skład rozbudowanych sieci kontroli ekspresji genów bakteryjnych. Oddziałując ze sobą wzajemnie, zapewniają niezwykle szybką, jak również precyzyjną odpowiedź bakterii na zmieniające się warunki bytowania. Kontrolując wiele procesów wpływają na stan fizjologiczny komórki, skład proteomu osłon komórkowych czy zdolność do wzrostu w postaci biofilmu. Niezwykle często sRNA stanowią brakujące ogniwa, w odpowiedzi na złożone bodźce środowiskowe, pomiędzy dwuskładnikowymi systemami transdukcji sygnału, a genami docelowymi czy innymi systemami regulatorowymi. Współdziałanie TCS-sRNA wydaje się globalną cechą regulacyjną u wielu organizmów prokariotycznych. Zdobywanie wiedzy na temat tych mechanizmów kontroli toruje drogę do opracowania nowych strategii walki z drobnoustrojami patogennymi.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni2O3 as a Phase of Nickel Oxide Nanomaterial
Authors: Hussein Nagham Ali , Ali Nathera Abass 
Published: November 2022

Ni2O3 nanomaterial, a phase of nickel oxide, is synthesized by a simple chemical process. The pure raw materials used in the present process were nickel chloride hexahydrate NiCl2.6H2O and potassium hydroxide KOH by utilizing temperature at 250 oC for 2 hour. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the synthesized specimens of Ni2O3 were investigated employing diverse techniques such as XRD, AFM, SEM and UV-Vis, respectively. The XRD technique confirms the presence of Ni2O3 nanomaterial with crystal size of 57.083 nm which indexing to the (2θ) of 31.82; this results revealed the Ni2O3 was a phase of nickel oxide with Nano structure. The synthesized Ni2O3 will be useful in manufacturng electrodes materials for fuel cell and production catalytic materials for electrolysis cell.
Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Awassi-Iq (Ovies aries) sheep breeds from Nineveh Provinces, Iraq.
Authors: B. Mohammed Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

In Iraq, Awassi is the most widespread sheep breed on non-European origin. The breed adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions. Sheep farming, mainly sheep of Awassi breed, represents an essential economic activity of Iraq; however, so far, only very few genetic data exist on this breed. The present study was performed in Biology Department, University of Zakho. Thirty two Blood samples were obtained from Awassi-Iq (Ovis aries) sheep breed in three farms located in Nineveh province, Iraq. Genomic DNA extraction was performed using a Genomic DNA Extraction kit, Jena Bioscience GmbH (Germany). Specific marker (GenBank: NC001942) was amplifying 550 bps fragments of mitochondrial DNA. The PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel, visualized by staining with RedSafe dye, and photographed. Ten PCR products were sequenced and compared to sequences from other countries available in NCB1.The main results indicate Awassi- 1q (Ovis Aries) sheep breed share similarity to both Chines Tibetan sheep breed(Linzhou) ; Iranian sheep breed (91.37%) respectively, to both Iraqi sheep breeds Hamdani ; Nima (91.62%) respectively and to Ovis aries AKK- 46 from Turkey (92.35%). However, Awassi-Iq was shown to be monophyletic, out group breed and diverged earlier than related breeds (Turkey, Iran, and China). This study highlights the importance of Mitochondrial DNA analysis in genetic study of sheep breeds.
Prevalence of Taeniid eggs in the Feces of Stray Dogs Collected from Different Location of Zakho city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Authors: R. Issa Araz , M.S. Mero Wijdan , Hassan Arif Sardar , Casulli Adriano 
Published: November 2022

Iraq is an endemic country for cystic echinococcosis (CE). This disease is zoonotic infection with a widespread distribution among livestock and humans. The adult parasite inhabits the small intestine of dogs especially stray dogs, their eggs are excreted with the feces to the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Taeniid eggs and other intestinal parasites in the feces of stray dogs collected from different location of Zakho city. The study was conducted during the period from March 2020 to March 2021, in which 160 fecal samples of stray dogs were collected from soil surface of 10 different location in Zakho city. The feces were examined by direct wet mount and flotation technique to detect the presence of parasitic eggs and then the data were statistically analyzed. The overall, rate of infection was 46.25% (74/160) of examined fecal samples. The most frequently detected eggs were of Taeniid spp. constituting 23.13% (37/160) of the examined stool samples, with the highest rate (42.86%) being in samples collected from the areas around Zakho abattoir. Furthermore, other parasites recorded in this study, were Oxyurid spp. larvae (8.13%) and eggs of Dipylidium caninum (5%), Stronglodies stercoralis (5%), Toxocara spp. (4.38%) and Hymenolepis nana (0.63%).
Electronic transport study for SF6 Plasma
Authors: A I Ahmed  , N A Hamdoon  
Published: November 2022

Determination the electron transport parameters, (drift velocity ( ) , mean electron en­ergy ( ), diffusion coefficient (D), mobility ( ) and ionization coeffi­cient ( ) ), in an at­tempt to show the influence of the presence of dust on their behavior in a direct cur­rent low pres­sure SF6 glow discharge .The Boltz­mann Transport Equation (BTE), using two-term approxima­tion are solved self-consistly. Making use of simulation model program for the numerical finite element method (FEM) of the boltzman equation to calculate the electron energy distribution function and the transport parameters in the range of reduced electric field E/N (300_1000 Td). As well as evaluated the electron temperature in pristine and dusty plasma and dust surface potential at E/N (40 Td) .
Zarządzania miastem z perspektywy planowania i zagospodarowania terenów - wybrane zagadnienia.
Authors: Sosnowski Paweł Tomasz 
Published: November 2022

Powstanie miast i ich rozrastanie było następstwem rozwoju społeczeństwa który prowadził do zwiększenia się potrzeb i oczekiwań mieszkańców. Oczywiście były one zróżnicowane na przestrzeni wieków nie mniej jednak mieszkańcy miast oczekiwali podnoszenia poziomu życia. Skutkowało to koniecznością odpowiedniego zarządzania miastem.
Zarządzanie a tym samym zarządzanie miastem jest różnie definiowane. Niezależnie jednak od definicji zarządzania miastem to proces prowadzony przez organy miasta w szczególności przez organ wykonawczy. Ma ono prowadzić do zaspokojenia zbiorowych potrzeb wspólnoty samorządowej tj. kształtowanie warunków życia zgodnych z oczekiwaniami mieszkańców i podnoszenie ich na wyższy poziom tam gdzie one tych oczekiwań nie spełniają. Proces zarządzania miastem nie jest jednak zadaniem łatwym ze względu na bardzo złożoną strukturę społeczną. Jednym z instrumentów ułatwiających ten proces jest planowanie i zagospodarowanie przestrzenne.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza jak kształtowana była przestrzeń przez organy miasta oraz instrumenty dzięki którym mogły i mogą one obecnie kształtować przestrzeń i warunki życia mieszkańców.
Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine: A survey among medical radiation workers in Nigeria
Authors: Inah Grace Ben , Efanga Samuel Archibong , Ukpong Ekaete Vincent , Obiora Christiana Ifeyinwa 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:Coronavirus disease, also known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is a deadly infection that has contributed to global morbidity and mortality in recent years. Different brands of COVID-19 vaccines have been manufactured toward containing the pandemic. Unfortunately, poor uptake of these vaccines in developing countries has contributed to suboptimal containment of the pandemic. There is a need for a better understanding of the level of willingness, as a key determinant of vaccine uptake, especially among populations at higher risk of exposure to the virus. The main objective of this research is to assess the willingness of medical radiation workers to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.Material and Methods:This was a prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study that utilized a non-probability snowball sampling technique. The study was done within 1 month and 50 responses from medical radiation workers within Nigeria were obtained. A structured and validated questionnaire was administered online using Google Forms for data collection. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0.Results:Only 45.45% of the medical radiation workers were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The factors that were associated with the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine included older age (P= 0.016) and longer duration of service (P= 0.021), where it was observed that medical radiation workers who were 50 years and above and had offered >10 years in service were more willing to receive the vaccine.Conclusion:The willingness of medical radiation workers to receive the COVID-19 vaccines was poor for health workers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to redouble educational and other interventional efforts, aimed at improving vaccine uptake, perhaps with much focus on younger radiation medical workers.
Assessment of radiation equivalent dose to pediatric patients during chest radiography
Authors: Inah Grace Ben , Ukpong Ekaete V. , Esien-Umo Emmanuel O. , Ibe Blessing , Ijever Andrew W. , Erim Akwa Egom , Paulinus Samson O. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
The study investigated the equivalent dose delivered during pediatric chest radiography.

Material and Methods:
This study adopted a prospective and cross-sectional research design and was conducted between April 26 and July 2, 2021, at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross river state, Nigeria. A total of 85 pediatric patients aged 0–15 years, referred for chest X-ray examination, were recruited into the study. The chest radiography was taken for each child in erect or supine positions. Children, who needed some form of immobilization, were immobilized and respiration (breathing) was observed to take exposures at end-expiration. Exposure factors used ranged between 40 and 80 kVp, 1–2 mAs, source-to-image distance; 110 cm. Patient demographics and chest X-ray exposure factors for each exposure were recorded using a spreadsheet. The equivalent dose was calculated using the NUTECHRX software version. All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The estimated mean equivalent dose was 0.0046 ± 0.0026 mSv, while the mean of weight (kg), kVp, and mAs was 15.04 ± 14.51 kg, 58.28 ± 10.58V, and 1.79 ± 1.56 mAs, respectively. Mean equivalent dose was 0.00447mSv (uncertainty 0.0027) for female and 0.00464mSv (uncertainty 0.0026) for male, with no significance difference between them. The mAs showed strong positive correlation with equivalent dose (r = 0.71, P = 0.05), while weight demonstrated a strong negative correlation with equivalent dose (r = −0.98, P = 0.05).

Conclusion:
Current-time product (mAs) and the weight of a child are important determinants of equivalent dose in pediatric chest radiography.
Radiographic assessment of the cardiothoracic ratio in the pediatric age group at a tertiary institution in North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Chia Msuega Daniel , Mohammad Hameed , Annongu Terkimbi Isaac , Abah Okwunu Rose , Abdallah Ramatu , Abdullahi Aliyu , Ugande Aondoaseer Alexis , Iorpagher Kator Paul 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
The most common method for detecting cardiomegaly and calculating the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) is through the use of chest radiography. Since 1919, when the CTR was first described, there has been an interest in its utility as a predicator of heart size, leading to a lot of research, notably in the adult Caucasian population. However, in the African pediatric age group, there is paucity of data on this subject. We aim to establish normative data on CTR and its determinants in Nigerian children aged 1–15 years, using chest radiographs.

Material and Methods:
This was a 7-month observational analytical study assessing chest radiographs of healthy children aged 1–15 years at the Radiology Department of Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, from May to November 2021. The respondents’ biometrics and chest radiographs were obtained after the protocol was authorized by the institutional Health Research Ethics Committee. The CTR was calculated using measurements of the maximum transverse cardiac diameter (MTCD) and the maximum internal thoracic width (MITW). The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26, and Microsoft Excel 2017. The statistical significance level was selected at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
A total of 150 pediatric chest radiographs were evaluated, with a male: female ratio of 1.4:1. The study population’s mean age was 6.9 ± 4.8 years. There was a steady decrease in CTR with increasing age across the sexes. The mean CTR of the general population was 49.3%. Weight, height, age, and MITW correlated negatively but statistically significantly with CTR (P = 0.000), while the correlation of CTR with race, MTCD, and sex was not statistically significant (P = 0.657, 0.688, and 0.692, consecutively).

Conclusion:
The result of the study has established 49.3% as the mean CTR value of the pediatric age group in our environment. We also found out that CTR was significantly influenced by weight, height, age, and thoracic size (MITW).
De la Basse-Meuse primitive jusqu’à l’abandon de la vallée de la Meuse orientale – Second part: modelling and discussion
Authors: Juvigné Étienne , Houbrechts Geoffrey , Campenhout Jean Van 
Published: November 2022

Les généralités ainsi que les données de terrain et de laboratoire relatives aux lambeaux de hautes terrasses de la Basse-Meuse liégeoise sont exposées dans l’article qui précède celui-ci, dans ce même volume de la revue. Sur ces bases, on présente ici un modèle original et argumenté. Il montre que les modèles antérieurs reposent sur des données altimétriques souvent largement imprécises, voire inexistantes pour certains lambeaux. Pour chacun d’entre eux, on montre que : (1) les terrasses qui y sont reconstituées ne passent en général pas par les cailloutis existant ; (2) le dernier travail de synthèse en la matière, qui par tradition fait autorité, est particulièrement inadapté aux données concrètes. Une étude sédimentologique de tous les cailloutis livre des enseignements originaux sur l’évolution stratigraphique de la granularité, de la nature des galets, de l’émoussé des quartz ainsi que de l’association des minéraux denses transparents.
Profile of Toulmin’s Scientific Arguments Students and Technological Utilities in Global Warming Topic
Authors: Hakim Arif Rahman , Widodo Wahono , Sunarti Titin 
Published: November 2022

Research aims to determine the profile of Toulmin’s Scientific Argument on students' and Technological Utilities In Global Warning Topic. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using the observation method. Data is collected through observation, validation, tests, and questionnaires for student responses. The analysis of students' argumentation skills was carried out by observing the learning process and giving a written test conducted in students of senior high school. According to Toulmin, the assessment of students' argumentation skills refers to the measurement of argumentation skills, which includes components of claim, data, warrant, rebuttal, and backing. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Toulmin’s Scientific Arguments students and Technological Utilities are still relatively low, Toulmin Scientific Arguments students skills are at level 2, dominated by the most claims originating from scientific data/concepts and experience as well as personal observations of the environment and the use of technology in learning is still not optimal to improve Toulmin’s Scientific Arguments Students. Hence, it is necessary to provide innovative learning that can optimally improve Toulmin’s Scientific Arguments.