bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of LNMAS orchestrates partial EMT and immune escape from macrophage phagocytosis to promote lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer
Authors: Liao Yuandong , Huang Jiaming , Liu Pan , Zhang Chunyu , Liu Junxiu , Xia Meng , Shang Chunliang , Ooi Shiyin , Chen Yili , Qin Shuhang , Du Qiqiao , Liu Tianyu , Xu Manman , Zou Qiaojian , Zhou Yijia , Huang Hua , Pan Yuwen , Wang Wei , Yao Shuzhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step to drive the metastatic cascade to lymph nodes (LNs) in cervical cancer cells. However, few of them metastasize successfully partially due to increased susceptibility to immunosurveillance conferred by EMT. The precise mechanisms of cancer cells orchestrate EMT and immune evasion remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a lncRNA termed lymph node metastasis associated suppressor (LNMAS), which was downregulated in LN-positive cervical cancer patients and correlated with LN metastasis and prognosis. Functionally, LNMAS suppressed cervical cancer cells metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LNMAS exerts its metastasis suppressive activity by competitively interacting with HMGB1 and abrogating the chromatin accessibility of TWIST1 and STC1, inhibiting TWIST1-mediated partial EMT and STC1-dependent immune escape from macrophage phagocytosis. We further demonstrated that the CpG sites in the promoter region of LNMAS was hypermethylated and contributed to the downregulation of LNMAS. Taken together, our results reveal the essential role of LNMAS in the LN metastasis of cervical cancer and provide mechanistic insights into the regulation of LNMAS in EMT and immune evasion.
Association between TP53 mutation and high 21-gene recurrence score in estrogen receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer
Authors: Ji Jung Hwan , Bae Soong June , Kim Kyungsoo , Chu Chihhao , Lee Kyung-A , Kim Yoonjung , Kim Jee Hung , Jeong Joon , Ahn Sung Gwe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigated the association between TP53 mutation and 21-gene recurrence score (RS) in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer (BC) using data from 141 patients who underwent TP53 sequencing and Oncotype DX® tests. We detected TP53 mutations in 18 (12.8%) patients. Most patients with TP53 mutation had a high 21-gene RS (≥26). The average 21-gene RS was higher in TP53 mutant tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that mutated TP53 is an independent factor for a high 21-gene RS. Mutated TP53 remained closely associated with high 21-gene RS in patients with low pathological risk (n = 103). In the ER+/PR+/HER2-negative subset (n = 356) of The Cancer Genome Atlas, the non-luminal A intrinsic subtype was more prevalent in the group with mutant TP53. mRNA levels of p53-regulated senescence gatekeeper and cell cycle-related genes were increased in BC with mutated TP53. Mutational analysis of TP53 helped identify endocrine-resistant tumors.
Magnetic control of tokamak plasmas through deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Degrave Jonas , Felici Federico , Buchli Jonas , Neunert Michael , Tracey Brendan , Carpanese Francesco , Ewalds Timo , Hafner Roland , Abdolmaleki Abbas , de las Casas Diego , Donner Craig , Fritz Leslie , Galperti Cristian , Huber Andrea , Keeling James , Tsimpoukelli Maria , Kay Jackie , Merle Antoine , Moret Jean-Marc , Noury Seb , Pesamosca Federico , Pfau David , Sauter Olivier , Sommariva Cristian , Coda Stefano , Duval Basil , Fasoli Ambrogio , Kohli Pushmeet , Kavukcuoglu Koray , Hassabis Demis , Riedmiller Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNuclear fusion using magnetic confinement, in particular in the tokamak configuration, is a promising path towards sustainable energy. A core challenge is to shape and maintain a high-temperature plasma within the tokamak vessel. This requires high-dimensional, high-frequency, closed-loop control using magnetic actuator coils, further complicated by the diverse requirements across a wide range of plasma configurations. In this work, we introduce a previously undescribed architecture for tokamak magnetic controller design that autonomously learns to command the full set of control coils. This architecture meets control objectives specified at a high level, at the same time satisfying physical and operational constraints. This approach has unprecedented flexibility and generality in problem specification and yields a notable reduction in design effort to produce new plasma configurations. We successfully produce and control a diverse set of plasma configurations on the Tokamak à Configuration Variable1,2, including elongated, conventional shapes, as well as advanced configurations, such as negative triangularity and ‘snowflake’ configurations. Our approach achieves accurate tracking of the location, current and shape for these configurations. We also demonstrate sustained ‘droplets’ on TCV, in which two separate plasmas are maintained simultaneously within the vessel. This represents a notable advance for tokamak feedback control, showing the potential of reinforcement learning to accelerate research in the fusion domain, and is one of the most challenging real-world systems to which reinforcement learning has been applied.
A global dataset for the projected impacts of climate change on four major crops
Authors: Hasegawa Toshihiro , Wakatsuki Hitomi , Ju Hui , Vyas Shalika , Nelson Gerald C. , Farrell Aidan , Deryng Delphine , Meza Francisco , Makowski David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReliable estimates of the impacts of climate change on crop production are critical for assessing the sustainability of food systems. Global, regional, and site-specific crop simulation studies have been conducted for nearly four decades, representing valuable sources of information for climate change impact assessments. However, the wealth of data produced by these studies has not been made publicly available. Here, we develop a global dataset by consolidating previously published meta-analyses and data collected through a new literature search covering recent crop simulations. The new global dataset builds on 8703 simulations from 202 studies published between 1984 and 2020. It contains projected yields of four major crops (maize, rice, soybean, and wheat) in 91 countries under major emission scenarios for the 21st century, with and without adaptation measures, along with geographical coordinates, current temperature and precipitation levels, projected temperature and precipitation changes. This dataset provides a solid basis for a quantitative assessment of the impacts of climate change on crop production and will facilitate the rapidly developing data-driven machine learning applications.
Mutational analysis of driver genes defines the colorectal adenoma: in situ carcinoma transition
Authors: Jungwirth Jiri , Urbanova Marketa , Boot Arnoud , Hosek Petr , Bendova Petra , Siskova Anna , Svec Jiri , Kment Milan , Tumova Daniela , Summerova Sandra , Benes Zdenek , Buchler Tomas , Kohout Pavel , Hucl Tomas , Matej Radoslav , Vodickova Ludmila , van Wezel Tom , Vodicka Pavel , Vymetalkova Veronika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA large proportion of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) evolve from colorectal adenomas. However, not all individuals with colonic adenomas have a risk of CRC substantially higher than those of the general population. The aim of the study was to determine the differences or similarities of mutation profile among low- and high-grade adenomas and in situ carcinoma with detailed follow up. We have investigated the mutation spectrum of well-known genes involved in CRC (such as APC, BRAF, EGFR, NRAS, KRAS, PIK3CA, POLE, POLD1, SMAD4, PTEN, and TP53) in a large, well-defined series of 96 adenomas and in situ carcinomas using a high-throughput genotyping technique. Besides, the microsatellite instability and APC and MLH1 promoter methylation were studied as well. We observed a high frequency of pathogenic variants in the studied genes. The APC, KRAS and TP53 mutation frequencies were slightly lower in adenoma samples than in in situ carcinoma samples. Further, when we stratified mutation frequency based on the grade, the frequency distribution was as follows: low-grade adenoma—high-grade adenomas—in situ carcinoma: APC gene 42.9–56.0–54.5%; KRAS gene 32.7–32.0–45.5%; TP53 gene 8.2–20.0–18.2%. The occurrence of KRAS mutation was associated with the presence of villous histology and methylation of the APC promoter was significantly associated with the presence of POLE genetic variations. However, no association was noticed with the presence of any singular mutation and occurrence of subsequent adenoma or CRC. Our data supports the multistep model of gradual accumulation of mutations, especially in the driver genes, such as APC, TP53 and KRAS.
Data-driven analysis and new findings on the loss of tail rotor effectiveness in helicopter accidents
Authors: Saleh Joseph Homer , Xu Zhaoyi , Guvir Anca Ioana , Margousian Arega , Zhang Weiqing , Ma Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLoss of tail rotor effectiveness (LTE) is an unstable dynamic phenomenon that affects single-rotor helicopters and frequently leads to accidents. LTE accidents recur with troubling regularity and show no sign of abatement. This work uncovers new data-driven findings pertaining to LTE and risk factors. First, a scorecard is developed covering a broad range of results to better understand LTE accidents. Second, the risk of LTE is derived for current helicopters. Third, a Deep Learning model is developed that captures the dependence between LTE risk and helicopter features. A danger zone is discovered in the design space for short tail rotor arm and high tail rotor RPM. The results challenge the prevailing narrative of LTE accidents as mere pilot errors and demonstrate an intrinsic propensity to these accidents is embedded in part in the helicopter design. The findings open the door to new, more effective safety interventions for LTE accident prevention.
Graphene-based metasurface solar absorber design with absorption prediction using machine learning
Authors: Parmar Juveriya , Patel Shobhit K. , Katkar Vijay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSolar absorber is required to absorb most of the energy of the solar spectral irradiance. We propose a graphene-based solar absorber design with two different metasurfaces to improve this absorption and increase the efficiency of the solar absorber. The metasurfaces are selected based on their symmetrical/asymmetrical nature (O-shape and L-shape). The O-shape metasurface design is showing better performance over the L-shape metasurface design. The absorption performance is also compared with AM 1.5 solar spectral irradiance to show the effectiveness of the solar absorber. The absorption values are also enhanced by varying the parameters like resonator thickness and substrate thickness. The proposed solar absorber design gives maximum absorption in the ultraviolet and visible range. Furthermore, the design is also showing a high and similar absorption rate over a wide angle of incidence. The absorption of O-shape metasurface design is also predicted using machine learning. 1D-Convolutional Neural Network Regression is used to develop a Machine Learning model to determine absorption values of intermediate wavelength for assorted values of angle of incidence, resonator thickness, and substrate thickness. The results of experiments reveal that absorption values may be predicted with a high degree of accuracy. The proposed absorber with its high absorbing capacity can be applied for green energy applications.
Genome-resolved metagenomics identifies the particular genetic traits of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in agricultural soil
Authors: Wu Xingjie , Cui Zhenling , Peng Jingjing , Zhang Fusuo , Liesack Werner 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bacteria play a key role in phosphate solubilization, but related genome-centric research on agricultural microbiomes is scarce. Here, we reconstructed 472 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) covering agricultural soils from six long-term field trials across China. A total of 79 MAGs contained gcd encoding quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GCD), which is the key biomarker for phosphate solubilization. Our findings showed that all GCD-MAGs represent potentially novel species, with gcd copy numbers varying from 1 to 10 per genome. Large genome size, a high ratio of glycosyl hydrolase genes, and increased capacity for carbohydrate utilization were specific traits of GCD-MAGs. Notably, the gcd copy number showed a significant and positive correlation with genome size. Generated using a machine learning approach, our findings were validated in a dataset of 692 genotypes covering the 18 bacterial families to which the 79 GCD-MAGs belong. Our results improve the knowledge of both the diversity and the genetic composition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. In particular, they reveal a genomic link between phosphate solubilization capacity and increased potential for carbohydrate metabolism, which may accelerate targeted engineering and improve management practices for sustainable agriculture.
Real‐time facial expression recognition based on iterative transfer learning and efficient attention network
Authors: Kong Yinghui , Zhang Shuaitong , Zhang Ke , Ni Qiang , Han Jungong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReal‐time facial expression recognition is the basis for computers to understand human emotions and detect abnormalities in time. To effectively solve the problems of server overload and privacy information leakage, a real‐time facial expression recognition method based on iterative transfer learning and efficient attention network (EAN) for edge resource‐constrained scenes is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an EAN is designed with its parameter number and computation amount strictly limited by depth separable convolution and local channel attention mechanism. Then, the soft labels of facial expression data were obtained by EAN based on the idea of knowledge distillation, so as to provide more supervision information for the training process. Finally, an iterative transfer learning method of teacher‐student (T‐S) network was proposed; it refines the soft labels of the teacher network and further improves the recognition accuracy of the student network. The tests on the public datasets, FER2013 and RAF‐DB, show that this method can significantly reduce the model complexity and achieve high recognition accuracy. Compared with other advanced methods, the proposed method strikes a good balance between complexity and accuracy, and well meets the real‐time deployment requirements of facial expression recognition technology for edge resource‐constrained scenes.
Compact 3‐dB directional coupler design based on substrate integrated dual‐strip coaxial line
Authors: Ho Min‐Hua , Hsu Chung‐I G. , Su Gwan‐Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA novel compact 3‐dB directional coupler design based on the substrate integrated dual‐strip coaxial line (SIDSCL) is presented. The SIDSCL differs from the conventional substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) in that the former possesses two central strips that are periodically connected through buried via‐holes and the latter has only one strip. In the coupled‐line section, the connection via‐holes are removed to form two coupled strips. The needed tight coupling is easily achieved by the strip's broadside‐coupling configuration. To shorten the coupled‐line section, both coupled strips are periodically and bilaterally loaded with open stubs, which provide the capacitances between the strips and the capacitances to the ground. In each SIDSCL feedline branch, a side patch is attached for neutralising the parasitic capacitance and inductance owing to the junction discontinuity that deteriorates the coupler's isolation and impedance matching. A sample coupler with a 25% reduction in the coupled‐section length is fabricated for verifying the circuit design.
Model predictive power control with Kalman filter for grid‐tied inverter with parameter variation
Authors: Tang Xiao , Zhang Zhi , Hu Bihua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractModel predictive power control is considered to be a promising control algorithm owing to its simple structure and fast dynamic response. This algorithm relies heavily on the predictive model and the parameter variation adds the difficulty to gain the accurate model, which affects the static performance of the grid‐tied inverter. Here, a model predictive power control with Kalman filter (MPPCKF) is proposed to address above issue. On the basis of the grid‐current predictive model, the mathematical model is gotten to estimate the AC‐filter inductance and a Kalman filter is introduced to suppress the noise interference of calculating inductance. Finally, a simulation and an experimental platform are established to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach. The results exhibit that the MPPCKF can effectively suppress the grid‐current distortion and the active‐/reactive‐power ripple of grid‐tied inverter caused by the mismatched predictive power model.
Shifted frequency‐based electromagnetic transient simulation for AC power systems in symmetrical component domain
Authors: Gao Shilin , Song Yankan , Chen Ying , Yu Zhitong , Tan Zhendong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPower systems are becoming more and more complicated. Traditional simulation tools such as transient stability programs and electromagnetic transients (EMT) programs are unable to meet the accuracy or efficiency requirements. This paper proposes a shifted frequency‐based EMT (SFEMT) simulation in the symmetrical component‐domain (abbreviated as SCSFEMT simulation) for the three‐phase transmission system. The sequence‐decoupled SCSFEMT modeling for the power system components is first presented based on the symmetrical component transformation. Then, the solution procedure of the presented SCSFEMT simulation algorithm is elaborated in detail based on the EMTP‐type solution and multi‐sequence Thevenin equivalence (MSTE). With the MSTE, the three sequence networks can be decoupled during the whole simulation. Thus, the dimension of the system is greatly reduced. Last, the accuracy and efficiency of the SCSFEMT simulation are validated on the 10‐machine 39‐bus New England system by comparing it with traditional EMT and SFEMT simulation. Test results show that the SCSFEMT simulation algorithm is much more efficient than traditional SFEMT simulation.
Fallberichte: Kinder mit tracheoösophagealer Fistel nach Knopfbatterieningestion
Authors: Keil Oliver , Avsar Murat , Beck Christiane , Köditz Harald , Kübler Joachim , Schwerk Nicolaus , Zardo Patrick , Sümpelmann Robert 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungFremdkörperingestionen bei Kindern nehmen stetig zu – dabei werden u. a. Knopfbatterien sehr häufig verschluckt. Das weitverbreitete Modell CR2032 führt bereits nach kurzer Zeit zu schweren
Laugenverätzungen mit möglicher Perforation in benachbarte Organe. Dieser Fallserienbericht stellt 4 Kinder vor, die nach Ingestion von Knopfbatterien eine tracheoösophageale Fistel
entwickelten und in unserer Kinderklinik interdisziplinär versorgt wurden.
Die maschinelle Autotransfusion – Patient Blood Management im OP
Authors: Meybohm Patrick , Westphal Sabine , Zacharowski Kai , Choorapoikayil Suma 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Rückführung von eigenem Blut, das während einer Operation oder bei Wunddrainagen ansonsten verloren ginge, kann äußerst sinnvoll sein. Hierbei wird das Wundblut abgesaugt, in speziellen
Geräten aufbereitet und dem Patienten wieder zurückgegeben. Ein großer Vorteil der MAT besteht darin, dass das Blut weder gelagert noch gekühlt werden muss und somit lagerungsbedingte
Schäden an den Erythrozyten verhindert werden. Bislang etablierte Einsatzgebiete der MAT sind herzchirurgische, gefäßchirurgische, orthopädische Eingriffe und nach Bestrahlung auch
Tumoroperationen.Die MAT ist ein fester Bestandteil des Patient Blood Managements (PBM) und stellt eine effektive Maßnahme dar, um den Fremdblutbedarf bei großen Operationen mit erwarteten Blutverlusten von
über 500 ml deutlich zu reduzieren.
Chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen in der COVID-Pandemie: Manifestationen und Management
Authors: Stallmach Andreas , Reuken Philipp A. , Grunert Philip , Teich Niels 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19-Pandemie beeinflusst das Leben von Patient*innen mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED) in erheblicher Weise. Betroffene und Angehörige haben zahlreiche Fragen zum Erkrankungsrisiko, zum Verlauf einer möglichen SARS-CoV-2-Infektion oder auch zum Einfluss der CED-spezifischen Therapie. Auch bestehen bei vielen CED-Patient*innen zusätzliche Fragen zu Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit einer Impfung gegen SARS-CoV-2. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist die Zusammenfassung der neusten Erkenntnisse zu COVID-19 und CED, aber auch die Diskussion zum Impfansprechen (humoral/zellulär), zum Einfluss laufender Therapie auf die Impfantwort sowie zur Häufigkeit von Nebenwirkungen und zur Bedeutung der Booster-Immunisierungen zu führen und für das Gespräch mit Patient*innen eine Evidenz-basierte Grundlage zu schaffen.
Transiente Ischämie eines Beines bei einem
Frühgeborenen der 31+0 Schwangerschaftswoche
Authors: Jahn Andreas Matthias , Wolf Monika , Herrmann Jochen , Singer Dominique , Jürgens Julian 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungIschämien im Bereich der Extremitäten sind in der
Neugeborenenperiode eher selten. Ursächlich verantwortlich
können sowohl intrauterin als auch postnatal wirksame Faktoren zeichnen.
Wir stellen das diagnostische Vorgehen und den Verlauf bei einem weiblichen
Frühgeborenen der 31+0 Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) mit einer
transienten Ischämie der unteren Extremität vor.
Positionspapier: Empfehlungen zur Anwendung von Mepolizumab bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Polyposis nasi (CRSwNP) im deutschen Gesundheitssystem – Empfehlungen des Ärzteverbandes Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA) und der AGs Klinische Immunologie, Allergologie und Umweltmedizin und Rhinologie und Rhinochirurgie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie (DGHNO-KHC)
Authors: Klimek L. , Olze H. , Förster-Ruhrmann U. , Beule A. G. , Chaker A. M. , Hagemann J. , Huppertz T. , Hoffmann T. K. , Dazert S. , Deitmer T. , Strieth S. , Wrede H. , Schlenter W. , Welkoborsky H. J. , Wollenberg B. , Becker S. , Klimek F. , Zuberbier J. , Rudack C. , Cuevas M. , Hintschich C. A. , Guntinas-Lichius O. , Stöver T. , Bergmann C. , Bachert C. 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) ist eine multifaktorielle entzündliche Erkrankung der paranasalen Schleimhäute, der als häufigstem Endotyp eine eosinophile Inflammation zugrunde liegt. Der Anti-IL-5-Antikörper Mepolizumab wurde im November 2021 für die Therapie der schweren CRSwNP zugelassen.
Methoden In einer Literatursuche wurde die Immunologie der CRSwNP analysiert und die vorhandene Evidenz ermittelt durch Recherchen in Medline, PubMed sowie den nationalen und internationalen Studien- und Leitlinien-Registern und der Cochrane Library. Es wurden Humanstudien berücksichtigt, die bis einschließlich 12/2021 publiziert wurden und in denen die Wirkung von Mepolizumab bei CRSwNP untersucht wurde.
Ergebnis Basierend auf der internationalen Literatur und bisherigen Erfahrungen werden von einem Expertengremium Empfehlungen für die Anwendung von Mepolizumab bei CRSwNP im deutschen Gesundheitssystem auf der Grundlage eines Dokumentationsbogens gegeben.
Schlussfolgerungen Das Verständnis über die immunologischen Grundlagen der CRSwNP eröffnet neue nichtoperative Therapieansätze mit Biologika für Patienten mit schweren Verlaufsformen. Mepolizumab ist seit November 2021 zugelassen zur Zusatztherapie mit intranasalen Kortikosteroiden zur Behandlung von erwachsenen Patienten mit schwerer CRSwNP, die mit systemischen Kortikosteroiden und/oder chirurgischem Eingriff nicht ausreichend kontrolliert werden können.