bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indole Derived Anticancer Agents
Authors: Mehra Anuradha , Sharma Vikas , Verma Anil , Venugopal Sneha , Mittal Amit , Singh Gurdeep , Kaur Balwinder 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIndole moiety is a magnificent nucleus in the development of anticancer drugs. The pharmacological profile of indole is excellent in targeting a wide range of proteins, enzymes. An indole has a nitrogen atom that is capable of forming hydrogen bonds with the targets emphasizing its potential. Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of indole in the treatment of cancer by working through various pathways. Indole‐based drugs got market approval to be used as chemotherapeutics, such as vincristine and vinblastine which encourage researchers to work on indole derivatives for cancer treatment with a better pharmacokinetic profile. This prompted us to review on indole derivatives as anticancer agents to bring out their potential derivatives under study. This study encompasses literature published between 2014 and 2021 on indole scaffold that exhibits in vitro and in vivo potential against cancer by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. The search terms were “anticancer”, “indole”, “cell lines”, “structure‐activity relationship” and “cytotoxic activity.”
Coping profiles and differences in well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Kenntemich Laura , von Hülsen Leonie , Schäfer Ingo , Böttche Maria , Lotzin Annett 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDuring the current COVID‐19 pandemic, people need to cope with multiple stressors which may affect their well‐being. This study aimed (1) to identify latent coping profiles in the German general population, and (2) to investigate differences between these profiles in well‐being. In total, N = 2326 German participants were recruited as part of the European Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) ADJUST study from June to September 2020 using an online survey. Coping strategies were assessed using the Brief‐COPE and the Pandemic Coping Scale; well‐being was assessed using the WHO‐5 Well‐Being Index. Coping profiles were identified using latent profile analysis; differences between profiles were examined using the automatic BCH method and multiple group analyses. Five coping profiles were identified that included different types and numbers of coping strategies: (1) High functional coping (17.84%), (2) Moderate functional coping (40.63%), (3) High functional and religious coping (9.07%), (4) Low functional coping (22.06%), (5) Moderate functional and dysfunctional coping (10.40%). The identified profiles significantly differed in well‐being (χ2 = 503.68, p <0.001). Coping profiles indicating high functional coping were associated with greater well‐being compared to coping profiles indicating low (χ2 = 82.21, p <0.001) or primarily dysfunctional (χ2 = 354.33, p <0.001) coping. These results provide insight into how people differ in their coping strategies when dealing with stressors in an early phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study indicates higher levels of well‐being in coping profiles with more frequent use of functional strategies. To promote well‐being in the general population, it might be beneficial to train functional coping strategies in appropriate interventions that are associated with increased well‐being.
High‐Resolution Electron Tomography of Ultrathin Boerdijk–Coxeter–Bernal Nanowire Enabled by Superthin Metal Surface Coating
Authors: Song Xiaohui , Zhang Xingyu , Chang Qiang , Yao Xin , Li Mufan , Zhang Ruopeng , Liu Xiaotao , Song Chengyu , Ng Yun Xin Angel , Ang Edison Huixiang , Ou Zihao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rapid advancement of transmission electron microscopy has resulted in revolutions in a variety of fields, including physics, chemistry, and materials science. With single‐atom resolution, 3D information of each atom in nanoparticles is revealed, while 4D electron tomography is shown to capture the atomic structural kinetics in metal nanoparticles after phase transformation. Quantitative measurements of physical and chemical properties such as chemical coordination, defects, dislocation, and local strain have been made. However, due to the incompatibility of high dose rate with other ultrathin morphologies, such as nanowires, atomic electron tomography has been primarily limited to quasi‐spherical nanoparticles. Herein, the 3D atomic structure of a complex core–shell nanowire composed of an ultrathin Boerdijk–Coxeter–Bernal (BCB) core nanowire and a noble metal thin layer shell deposited on the BCB nanowire surface is discovered. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a new superthin noble metal layer deposition on an ultrathin BCB nanowire could mitigate electron beam damage using an in situ transmission electron microscope and atomic resolution electron tomography. The colloidal coating method developed for electron tomography can be broadly applied to protect the ultrathin nanomaterials from electron beam damage, benefiting both the advanced material characterizations and enabling fundamental in situ mechanistic studies.
Polymeric Dendrimers as Nanocarrier Vectors for Neurotheranostics
Authors: Li Hengde , Zha Shuai , Li Haolan , Liu Haitao , Wong Ka‐Leung , All Angelo H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDendrimers are polymers with well‐defined 3D branched structures that are vastly utilized in various neurotheranostics and biomedical applications, particularly as nanocarrier vectors. Imaging agents can be loaded into dendrimers to improve the accuracy of diagnostic imaging processes. Likewise, combining pharmaceutical agents and anticancer drugs with dendrimers can enhance their solubility, biocompatibility, and efficiency. Practically, by modifying ligands on the surface of dendrimers, effective therapeutic and diagnostic platforms can be constructed and implemented for targeted delivery. Dendrimer‐based nanocarriers also show great potential in gene delivery. Since enzymes can degrade genetic materials during their blood circulation, dendrimers exhibit promising packaging and delivery alternatives, particularly for central nervous system (CNS) treatments. The DNA and RNA encapsulated in dendrimers represented by polyamidoamine that are used for targeted brain delivery, via chemical‐structural adjustments and appropriate generation, significantly improve the correlation between transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. This article reports a comprehensive review of dendrimers’ structures, synthesis processes, and biological applications. Recent progress in diagnostic imaging processes and therapeutic applications for cancers and other CNS diseases are presented. Potential challenges and future directions in the development of dendrimers, which provide the theoretical basis for their broader applications in healthcare, are also discussed.
Boosting Charge Transfer Via Heterostructure Engineering of Ti2CTx/Na2Ti3O7 Nanobelts Array for Superior Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Wang Wenqing , He Shu‐ang , Cui Zhe , Liu Qian , Yuen Muk Fung , Zhu Jinqi , Wang Hao , Gao Mengluan , Luo Wei , Hu Junqing , Zou Rujia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe poor conductivity, inert charge transmission efficiency, and irreversible Na+ trapping of Na2Ti3O7 result in retardant electrons/ions transportation and deficient sodium‐ion storage efficiency, leading to sluggish reaction kinetics. To address these issues, an urchin‐like Ti2CTx/Na2Ti3O7 (Ti2C/NTO) heterostructure sphere consisting of Ti2C/NTO heterostructure nanobelts array is developed via a facile one‐step in situ hydrothermal strategy. The Ti2C/NTO heterostructure can obviously decrease Na+ diffusion barriers and increase electronic conductivity to improve reaction kinetics due to the built‐in electric field effect and high‐quantity interface region. In addition, the urchin‐like vertically aligned nanobelts can reduce the diffusion distance of electrons and ions, provide favored electrolyte infiltration, adapt large volume expansion, and mitigate the aggregation to maintain structural stability during cycles, further enhancing the reaction kinetics. Furthermore, the Ti2C/NTO heterostructure can effectively suppress many unwanted side reactions between reactive surface sites of NTO and electrolyte as well as irreversible trapping of Na+. As a result, systematic electrochemical investigations demonstrate that the Ti2C/NTO heterostructure as an anode material for record sodium‐ion storage delivers the highest reversible capacity, the best cycling stability with 0.0065% decay rate for 4500 cycles at 2.0 A g–1, and excellent rate capability of 172.1 mAh g–1 at 10.0 A g–1.
The effect of individual harvest on crippling losses
Authors: Ellis Matthew B. , Miller Craig A. , Pallazza Samantha G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCrippling loss (waterfowl downed, but not retrieved) is a recognized component of waterfowl harvest, but there are few contemporary estimates. We used a zero‐inflated negative binomial model to account for false reporting of zeros and estimated waterfowl crippling losses from harvest data reported in a 2018–2019 survey of waterfowl hunters in Illinois, USA. We found that crippling rates declined rapidly with increasing harvest and moderately with increasing days afield. For the most active hunters (days afield), the probability of falsely reporting zero crippling loss increased with the number of ducks they reported harvesting, whereas for the least active hunters we found the reverse. We suggest that modest improvements in hunter skill could produce significant reductions in crippling loss.
Li16Sr6Ge6N, Li16Sr6Ge6.5 and related lithium alkaline‐earth metal tetrelides: Alternative filling of voids by nitride or tetrelide ions
Authors: Höhn Peter , Pathak Manisha , Prots Yurii , Ovchinnikov Alexander , Schmidt Marcus , Bobnar Matej , Krnel Mitja , Ormeci Alim , Niewa Rainer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLarge black single crystals with a metallic luster of Li16Sr6Ge6N and several other representatives of the series Li16Ae6Tt6N and Li16Ae6Tt6.5 (Ae=Ca, Sr; Tt=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) were grown from mixtures of the respective elements with addition of binary alkaline‐earth metal nitrides or lithium nitride in the case of the nitrides. For the synthesis a modified high‐temperature centrifugation‐aided filtration (HTCAF) technique using reactive lithium melts was employed. These metallic phases crystallize in an ordered defect‐variant of the Sc11Ir4 type with selective occupation of the smaller octahedral voids in the origin (000) with N and the larger rhombic dodecahedral voids in (00
) with Tt. Charge balance assuming the presence of exclusively closed shell ions for all examples accounts for an electronic excess. Diamagnetism despite metallic properties is consistent with results from electronic structure calculations.
Interior of helical black holes
Authors: Liu Yan , Lyu Hong-Da 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the interior structure of five dimensional neutral helical black holes in Einstein gravity and charged helical black holes in Einstein-Maxwell gravity. Inside the neutral helical black holes, the systems evolve to a stable spacelike Kasner singularity. The metric field related to the helical deformation strength exhibits oscillation behavior close to the horizon at low temperature and small helical deformation strength. Inside the charged helical black holes, we show that the inner Cauchy horizon can not exist. The systems also evolve from the horizon to a stable Kasner singularity. We find that the oscillations can exist and there is a special feature that the oscillations occur near the horizon and before the collapse of the Einstein-Rosen bridge for the charged helical black holes.
FC-groups with Few Subnormal Non-normal Subgroups
Authors: Brescia Mattia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA group G is said to be an FC-group if every conjugacy class of G has finite order and is said to be a T-group if every subnormal subgroup is normal in G. In this paper we give a characterization of groups that are both FC-groups and T-groups and go further in the study of FC-groups with few subnormal non-normal subgroups in the sense of the chain conditions. The structure of FC-groups satisfying the maximal, the minimal and the double chain condition on subnormal non-normal subgroups will be described.
Pseudo-Fubini Real-Entire Functions on the Plane
Authors: Bernal-González Luis , Calderón-Moreno María del Carmen , Jung Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this note, it is proved the existence of a $$\mathfrak {c}$$
c
-dimensional vector space of real-entire functions all of whose nonzero members are non-integrable in the sense of Lebesgue but yet their two iterated integrals exist as real numbers and coincide. Moreover, it is shown that this vector space can be chosen to be dense in the space of all real $$C^\infty $$

C
∞

-functions on the plane endowed with the topology of uniform convergence on compacta for all derivatives of all orders. If the condition of being entire is dropped, then a closed infinite dimensional subspace satisfying the same properties can be obtained.
Ist das Telenotarzt-System eine sinnvolle Ergänzung im ländlichen Raum? – Eine Analyse aus medizinischer und ökonomischer Perspektive
Authors: Brinkrolf Peter , Kuntosch Julia , Metelmann Bibiana , Metelmann Camilla , Hahnenkamp Klaus , Süss Rebekka , Hasebrook Joachim Paul , Fleßa Steffen 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Um die präklinische Notfallversorgung zu optimieren und aktuelle Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, wurde im Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald im Jahr 2017 ein Telenotarzt-System eingeführt. Es sollte aus medizinischer und ökonomischer Sicht geprüft werden, ob dies, insbesondere im ländlichen Raum, eine effiziente Ergänzung der präklinischen Notfallversorgung darstellt.

Methodik
Es wurden ca. 250.000 Einsatzdaten, vor und nach Einführung des Systems, über die Jahre 2015 bis 2020 ausgewertet und ein Prä-Post-Vergleich über die Einsatzstruktur erstellt. Die 3611 Einsätze der Telenotärztinnen und -ärzte (TNA) wurden nach medizinischen Indikationen und zeitlichen Faktoren analysiert sowie mit Einsätzen ohne TNA verglichen. Zusätzlich erfolgten eine Analyse der Gesamtkosten des neuen Versorgungskonzeptes sowie eine Kostenanalyse der prä- und innerklinischen Behandlungskosten ausgewählter Erkrankungen.

Ergebnisse
Das Einsatzspektrum des TNA umfasste alle Altersstufen mit verschiedenen Meldebildern, die zu 48,2 % eine mittlere Erkrankungsschwere (stationäre Behandlung erforderlich) hatten. Von Patient*innen und Mitarbeitenden wurde das System gut angenommen. Die Einsatzdaten zeigten einen signifikanten Rückgang der Notarztbeteiligung bei telenotarztfähigen Einsatzfahrzeugen um 20 %. Die jährlichen Kosten des Systems belaufen sich auf ca. 1,7 Mio. €.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse belegen die Vorteilhaftigkeit des TNA-Systems, sodass es über die Projektdauer hinaus implementiert wurde. Das System ist medizinisch sinnvoll, funktionsfähig sowie effizient und steht als Innovation für die Umsetzung in ganz Deutschland bereit.
Psychische und körperliche Belastung im Rettungsdienst: Zusammenhang des arbeitsbezogenen Verhaltens und der Beanspruchungsfolgen
Authors: Böckelmann Irina , Thielmann Beatrice , Schumann Heiko 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Einsatzkräfte im Rettungsdienst (RD) unterliegen zahlreichen arbeitsbezogenen Belastungsfaktoren. Diesen stehen verschiedene Ressourcen gegenüber, die der Belastung entgegenwirken können. Ziel der Arbeit war es, physische und psychische Belastungen im RD zu erheben sowie die Zusammenhänge zwischen dem arbeitsbezogenen Verhalten und den Folgen von (Fehl‑)Beanspruchung zu analysieren.

Material und Methoden
An der Befragung im Jahr 2015 nahmen 276 Einsatzkräfte (39,3 ± 8,04 Jahre alt) teil. Sie beinhaltete berufsbezogene Fragen sowie den Fragebogen zur subjektiven Einschätzung der Belastungen am Arbeitsplatz nach Slesina, den Fragebogen zum arbeitsbezogenen Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster (AVEM), den Erholungs-Belastungs-Fragebogen (EBF) und den Fragebogen für körperliche, psychische und soziale Symptome (KOEPS).

Ergebnisse
Die von dem größten Teil der Befragten angegebenen Belastungen waren: ungünstige Körperhaltung, Heben/Tragen schwerer Lasten, körperliche Arbeit und Schichtarbeit. Am häufigsten fühlten sie sich durch Schichtarbeit belastet (76,9 % „oft“). Circa ein Drittel der Befragten zeigte in seinem arbeitsbezogenen Verhalten ein Risikomuster. In EBF und KOEPS traten keine Abweichungen vom Referenzbereich auf. Merkmale der emotionalen Einstellung gegenüber der Arbeit korrelierten positiv mit der Qualität der Erholung sowie negativ mit der Beanspruchung und gesundheitlichen Beschwerden. Das Perfektionsstreben, die offensive Problembewältigung und der berufliche Ehrgeiz waren nicht bzw. kaum mit den Beanspruchungsfolgen assoziiert.

Diskussion
Die Gefährdungsbeurteilung und die Erfassung des arbeitsbezogenen Verhaltens von Einsatzkräften geben Ansatzpunkte für Präventionsmaßnahmen. Auf Grundlage von AVEM-Mustern können diese individuell angepasst werden.
Individual computer-assisted 3D planning for placement of auricular prosthesis anchors in combination with an implantable transcutaneous bone conduction hearing device in patients with aural atresia
Authors: Seiwerth Ingmar , Plößl Sebastian , Herzog Michael , Schilde Sebastian , Radetzki Florian , Krämer Steffen , Rahne Torsten , Plontke Stefan K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The simultaneous implantation of the Bonebridge (MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria), a semi-implantable active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing device and anchors for auricular prostheses can be challenging as both implants contain magnets and compete for the narrow space in the designated implantation area.

Material and methods
A preoperative planning tool (virtual surgery) was used with individual 3D computer models of the skull and implants for finding optimal implant positions for both the floating mass transducer (FMT) and the anchors for the auricular prosthesis. The interaction between the magnetic prosthesis anchors and the FMT was measured by means of static magnetic forces. A retrospective data analysis was conducted to evaluate the surgical and audiological outcome.

Results
Between 2014 and 2021, a 3D planning of a simultaneous implantation of the Bonebridge with auricular prosthesis anchors was conducted on 6 ears of 5 patients (3 males, 2 females; age range 17–56 years). The individual preoperative planning was considered very useful for the optimal placement of bone anchors in combination with the Bonebridge. Audiological data showed a clear benefit for hearing 3 months and > 11 months after implantation. No adverse interactions between the magnetic prosthesis anchors and the FMT were observed. In two patients, revision surgery was carried out due to skin inflammation or wound healing problems. No long-term complications were observed 3–5 years after surgery.

Conclusion
Preoperative 3D planning represents a clear benefit for the simultaneous audiological and esthetic rehabilitation using the Bonebridge and anchors for auricular prostheses.
Stellungnahme zur Hospitalisierung von Kindern anlässlich von HNO-Eingriffen in Deutschland
Authors: Windfuhr Jochen P. , Sittel Christian , Deitmer Thomas , Jungehülsing Markus , Grundmann Thomas , Hagen Rudolf , Baumann Ingo , Hackenberg Stephan ,   Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pädiatrische HNO-Heilkunde (AG PädHNO) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V.
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie stationäre Betreuung von Kindern nach Operationen im HNO-Bereich ist deutschlandweit heterogen organisiert. In dieser Stellungnahme kommentiert die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pädiatrische HNO-Heilkunde eine nationale Umfrage zum Status quo der Kinderversorgung nach HNO-Eingriffen in deutschen Kliniken. Diese dient als Grundlage für die weitere interdisziplinäre Diskussion.
Generationenübergreifende Betreuung von Patienten mit tachykarden Rhythmusstörungen
Authors: Marx Manfred , Gass Matthias , Michel-Behnke Ina 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung von Patienten mit Rhythmusstörungen hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten von einer rein konservativ medikamentösen Therapie zu einer echten kurativen Therapie mit Beseitigung des arryhthmogenen Substrats durch technisch immer ausgereiftere Möglichkeiten im Sinn der elektrophysiologische Untersuchung (EPU) und Ablation entwickelt. Parallel dazu haben sich in pädiatrisch-kardiologischen Zentren rhythmologische Spezialambulanzen zur Betreuung von Patienten mit Ionenkanalerkrankungen etabliert. Deren Aufgabe besteht in der generationenübergreifenden Betreuung von ganzen Familien, mit dem Ziel, präventiv, durch entsprechende Beratung und Führung, maligne Rhythmusstörungen primär zu verhindern.
Infections in the first year of life and development of beta cell autoimmunity and clinical type 1 diabetes in high-risk individuals: the TRIGR cohort
Authors: Kordonouri Olga , Cuthbertson David , Belteky Malin , Aschemeier-Fuchs Bärbel , White Neil H. , Cummings Elisabeth , Knip Mikael , Ludvigsson Johnny 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Accumulated data suggest that infections in early life contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Using data from the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR), we set out to assess whether children who later developed diabetes-related autoantibodies and/or clinical type 1 diabetes had different exposure to infections early in life compared with those who did not.

Methods
A cohort of 2159 children with an affected first-degree relative and HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes were recruited between 2002 and 2007 and followed until 2017. Infections were registered prospectively. The relationship between infections in the first year of life and the development of autoantibodies or clinical type 1 diabetes was analysed using univariable and multivariable Cox regression models. As this study was exploratory, no adjustment was made for multiple comparisons.

Results
Adjusting for HLA, sex, breastfeeding duration and birth order, those who had seven or more infections during their first year of life were more likely to develop at least one positive type 1 diabetes-related autoantibody (p=0.028, HR 9.166 [95% CI 1.277, 65.81]) compared with those who had no infections. Those who had their first viral infection aged between 6 and 12 months were less likely to develop at least one positive type 1 diabetes-related antibody (p=0.043, HR 0.828 [95% CI 0.690, 0.994]) or multiple antibodies (p=0.0351, HR 0.664 [95% CI 0.453, 0.972]). Those who had ever had an unspecified bacterial infection were more likely to develop at least one positive type 1 diabetes-related autoantibody (p=0.013, HR 1.412 [95% CI 1.075, 1.854]), to develop multiple antibodies (p=0.037, HR 1.652 [95% CI 1.030, 2.649]) and to develop clinical type 1 diabetes (p=0.011, HR 2.066 [95% CI 1.182, 3.613]).

Conclusions/interpretation
We found weak support for the assumption that viral infections early in life may initiate the autoimmune process or later development of type 1 diabetes. In contrast, certain bacterial infections appeared to increase the risk of both multiple autoantibodies and clinical type 1 diabetes.

Graphical abstract