bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precocious Puberty: A Case Report
Authors: Felita Anna , Sarahfebi Ivanna , Nadya Anastasia , Anjali Parbati , Daryanani Chandni P. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Puberty is a transitional period in children with acceleration of growth and development of secondary sexual characteristics. When this period appears before the age of 8 to 9 years in children, it is called precocious puberty. Depending on the primary source of the hormonal production, precocious puberty may be classified as central (gonadotropin dependent or true) or peripheral (gonadotropin independent or precocious pseudo-puberty).
Case presentation
We herein report a case of precocious puberty in a 7,5-year-old girl who has shown early sign of secondary sexual development. Patients complained pain on her nipple, her breasts began to grow in size, and changes in her body odour, but had no complaints about her pubic hair growth and any vaginal discharge. Laboratory findings shown high level in fertility hormones and level of bone age is equal to 10-year-old girl. Patient then had begun to receive monthly therapy of Leuprolide.
Conclusion
Detailed history taking on chronological order of thelarche, pubarche, menarche, and adrenarche, followed by assessment on family history, nutritional history, child developmental history, medication history, and neurological complaints should be done in order to diagnose precocious puberty. Physical examination and other examination of bone age determination, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone level, and pelvic ultrasound are essentials in defining the diagnosis and treatment. Leuprolide is indicated for Central Precocious Puberty patient who have advanced bone age at the time of initial evaluation. As a clinician, it is necessary to diagnose precocious puberty as soon as possible to have good prognosis for the patient.
Tumor Microenvironment Prognostic Risk and Its Association With MUC5AC in Ampullary Carcinoma
Authors: Jun Sun-Young , Lee Eui-Jin , Kim Sang-Il , An Soyeon 
Published: November 2022

Context.—The tumor-host interaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME) affects the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors. TME assessed via tumor budding (BD) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) had a prognostic impact in patients with nonampullary small intestinal and colorectal carcinomas. In ampullary carcinoma (AC), MUC5AC was recently revealed as a significant prognosticator, but studies about the TME have not been conducted.Objective.—To assess TME-based prognostic risk in AC.Design.—We generated a collective TME risk index based on high-grade BD at the invasive front (BD3) and high density of stromal-TIL (&gt;5%) in 64 surgically resected ACs. We evaluated its predictive values for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). We also investigated the relationship of TME to MUC5AC expression.Results.—TME prognostic risk index was classified into low-risk (BDLow/TILHigh; 26 of 64; 41%), intermediate-risk (BDLow/TILLow or BDHigh/TILHigh; 23; 36%), and high-risk (BDHigh/TILLow; 15; 23%) groups. Higher TME prognostic risk was associated with higher tumor grade (P = .03), lymphovascular invasion (P = .05), and MUC5AC immunopositivity (P = .02). TME prognostic risk index displayed better predictive ability for both OS (53.9 versus 46.1 versus 42.2) and RFS (24.8 versus 16.9 versus 15.3) than BD or TIL alone. In multivariate analysis, TME prognostic risk index was an independent prognosticator for OS (P = .003) and RFS (P = .03).Conclusions.—TME risk index in combination with BD and TIL was a stronger predictor of prognostic risk stratification than either BD or TIL alone for both OS and RFS in patients with AC. MUC5AC may modulate the interaction between tumor cells and immunity toward enhancing invasiveness in TME.
Copy Number Loss at Chromosome 14q11.2 Correlates With the Proportion of T Cells in Biopsies and Helps Identify T-Cell Neoplasms
Authors: Saglam Arzu , Singh Kunwar , Kumar Jyoti , Gollapudi Sumanth , Mukherjee Soham , Singh Amol , Butzmann Alexandra , Kaplan Lawrence , Andreadis Charambalos , Ai Weiyun Z. , Fakhri Bita , Rajkovic Aleksander , Wen Kwun Wah , Onodera Courtney , Van Ziffle Jessica , Devine Patrick W. , Ohgami Robert S. 
Published: November 2022

Context.—
Evidence of T-cell clonality is often critical in supporting the diagnosis of a T-cell lymphoma.

Objectives.—
To retrospectively explore the significance of copy number losses at the 14q11.2 T-cell receptor α locus in relation to the presence of a T-cell neoplasm and proportion of T cells by targeted next-generation sequencing.

Design.—
Targeted next-generation sequencing data from 139 tissue biopsies, including T-cell lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas, classic Hodgkin lymphomas, nonhematopoietic malignancies, and normal samples, were reviewed for copy number losses involving the T-cell receptor α gene segments at chr14q11.2.

Results.—
We found that biallelic or homozygous deletion of 14q11.2 was found in most (28 of 33, 84.8%) T-cell lymphomas. The magnitude of 14q11.2 loss showed a statistically significant correlation with the proportion of T cells in lymphoma tissue samples. Copy number losses could also be detected in other lymphomas with high numbers of T cells (8 of 32, 25% of B-cell lymphomas, 4 of 4 classical Hodgkin lymphomas), though biallelic/homozygous deletion of 14q11.2 was not significantly observed outside of T-cell lymphomas. Most nonhematopoietic neoplasms and normal tissues (59 of 64, 92.2%) showed no significant copy number losses involving the T-cell receptor α locus at chr14q11.2.

Conclusions.—
Analysis of copy number losses at the T-cell receptor α locus chr14q11.2 with targeted next-generation sequencing can potentially be used to estimate the proportion of T cells and detect T-cell neoplasms.
Forecasting Potential Evapotranspiration Using Seasonal ARIMA Model for Northern Telangana Zone, India
Authors: Guguloth Pragna , Premkumara . , Basavareddy . , Patil Rahul , Gowdar Polis 
Published: November 2022

Present study aims to predict the evapotranspiration values over the Northern Telangana Zone through the identification or patterns in correlated data trends and seasonal variation and to assess the accuracy of the forecasting model. Plans for managing crop water consumption include potential evapotranspiration heavily. As a result, in a semi-arid environment, forecasting of the potential evapotranspiration is the foundation of any successful water resources management plans. The Thronthwaite method was used to estimate daily evapotranspiration, and a Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average was used to forecast potential evapotranspiration. Time series analysis of evapotranspiration data set showed a seasonality behaviour and thus Seasonal ARIMA model with the least Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) values were selected. The Seasonal Arima model selected for the districts Adilabad, Jagtial, Karimnagar, KumuramBheem, Nirmal, and Peddapalli was (2,0,2)(2,1,0)12 and for Nizamabad district (2,0,2)(1,1,0)12. Basic statistical properties are used to compare the observed and forecasted data which shown that that there is no significant difference between the mean values of the observed and predicted data at a 5% significance level. Hence the developed model was optimum to forecast the evapotranspiration over the study area and to sustain the forecasting accuracy.
Intra Articular Corticosteroid Injection in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Elshentenawy Esraa Abdelhamid , Elsergany Mervat , Elsaadany Hanan , Eid Mananl 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study was done to assess the effect of intra-articular injection of corticosteroid in persistent synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
Methods: Thirty RA patients with persistent synovitis in one joint were subjected to intra-articular injection of corticosteroid. All patients were examined for disease activity by disease activity score 28 (DAS28), functional assessment using the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ), and laboratory investigations (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein). Affected joints were evaluated for pain by visual analog scale (VAS) and tenderness score. Follow-up of the patients was done at 2 months after injection by clinical, functional and laboratory.
Results: There was a significant improvement in VAS, tenderness score, DAS 28, MHAQ after 2 months of injection.
Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of corticosteroid is a safe and effective treatment option in persistent synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Active vs Traditional Methods of Recruiting Children for a Clinical Trial in Rural Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Darden Paul M. , Davis Ann M. , Lee Jeannette Y. , Bimali Milan , Simon Alan E. , Atz Andrew M. , Lim Crystal S. , Phan Thao-Ly T. , Roberts James R. , McCulloh Russell J. , Pyles Lee , Shaffer Michelle , Snowden Jessica N. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceTo our knowledge, there are no published randomized clinical trials of recruitment strategies. Rigorously evaluated successful recruitment strategies for children are needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of 2 recruitment methods for enrolling rural children through primary care clinics to assess whether either or both methods are sufficiently effective for enrolling participants into a clinical trial of a behavioral telehealth intervention for children with overweight or obesity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cluster-randomized clinical trial of 2 recruitment methods was conducted at 4 primary care clinics in 4 separate states. Each clinic used both recruitment methods in random order. Clinic eligibility criteria included at least 40% pediatric patients with Medicaid coverage and at least 100 potential participants. Eligibility criteria for children included a rural home address, age 6 to 11 years, and body mass index at or above the 85th percentile. Recruitment began February 3, 2020, and randomization of participants occurred on August 17, 2020. Data were analyzed from October 3, 2021, to April 21, 2022.InterventionsTwo recruitment methods were assessed: the active method, for which a list of potential participants seen within the past year at each clinic was generated through the electronic health record and consecutively approached by research staff based on visit date to the clinic, and the traditional method, for which recruitment included posters, flyers, social media, and press release. Clinics were randomized to the order in which the 2 methods were implemented in 4-week periods, followed by a 4-week catch-up period using the method found most effective in previous periods.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFor each recruitment method, the number and proportion of randomized children among those who were approached was calculated.ResultsA total of 104 participants were randomized (58 girls [55.8%]; mean age, 9.3 [95% CI, 9.0-9.6] years). Using the active method, 535 child-parent dyads were approached and 99 (18.5% [95% CI, 15.3%-22.1%]) were randomized. Using the traditional method, 23 caregivers expressed interest, and 5 (21.7% [95% CI, 7.5%-43.7%]) were randomized. All sites reached full enrollment using the active method and no sites achieved full enrollment using the traditional method. Mean time to full enrollment was 26.3 (range, 21.0-31.0) days.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study supports the use of the active approach with local primary care clinics to recruit children with overweight and obesity from rural communities into clinical trials.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04142034
Poverty, Cortical Structure, and Psychopathologic Characteristics in Adolescence
Authors: Kim Hannah H. , McLaughlin Katie A. , Chibnik Lori B. , Koenen Karestan C. , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceChildhood poverty has been associated with increased internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescence, a period of peak onset for psychiatric problems. The underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear because longitudinal studies of poverty, brain structure, and changes in psychiatric symptoms are lacking.ObjectiveTo examine whether structural differences in cortical regions mediate the association between household poverty and change in psychiatric symptoms in early adolescence.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal cohort study used baseline and 1-year follow-up data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Children aged 9 to 10 years in the US were enrolled between September 1, 2016, and October 15, 2018. Data analysis was performed from August 13, 2021, to September 30, 2022.ExposuresHousehold poverty as measured by income-to-needs ratio, which incorporates family income and adjusts for family size as a percentage of the federal poverty level.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMediators were children’s cortical surface area, thickness, and volume, obtained using magnetic resonance imaging. Internalizing and externalizing problems at 1-year follow-up were outcomes measured by maternal report using the Child Behavior Checklist. Analyses were adjusted for baseline psychiatric problems and sociodemographic variables, including sex, race and ethnicity, parental educational level, and study site.ResultsOf the 7569 children (mean [SD] age, 9.91 [0.62] years; 3970 boys [52.5%]) included in the analysis, 1042 children (13.8%) lived below the poverty threshold between 2016 and 2018. Poverty was associated with increased externalizing symptoms score at 1-year follow-up (b = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.14-1.99), even after adjustment for baseline externalizing symptoms (b = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.06-0.64). The longitudinal associations of poverty with increases in externalizing problems over time were mediated by reductions in surface area in multiple cortical regions that support executive functioning (middle frontal gyrus), decision-making (lateral orbitofrontal cortex), visual processing (fusiform gyrus), auditory processing (transverse temporal gyrus), and emotion and language processing (superior temporal gyrus).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that childhood poverty is associated with increases in externalizing problems, but not internalizing problems, over time in early adolescence. This association is mediated by reductions in cortical surface area across numerous brain regions. These findings highlight potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying the link between poverty and the emergence of externalizing problems during early adolescence.
In Situ Deformation Topology of COFs with Shortened Channels and High Redox Properties for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Wang Qiaomu , Tang Kaifei , Liao Qiaobo , Xu Yang , Xu Haocheng , Wang Yandong , Wang Peng , Meng Zhen , Xi Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) with various topologies are typically synthesized by selecting and designing connecting units with rich shapes. However, this process is time‐consuming and labour‐intensive. Besides, the tight stacking of COFs layers greatly restrict their structural advantages. It is crucial to effectively exploit the high porosity and active sites of COFs by topological design. Herein, for the first time, inducing in situ topological changes in sub‐chemometric COFs by adding graphene oxide (GO) without replacing the monomer, is proposed. Surprisingly, GO can slow down the intermolecular stacking and induce rearrangement of COFs nanosheets. The channels of D‐ [4+3] COFs are significantly altered while the stacking of periodically expanded framework is weakened. This not only maximizes the exposure of pore area and polar groups, but also shortens the channels and increases the redox activity, which enables high loading while enhancing host‐guest interactions. This topological transformation to exhibit the structural features of COFs for efficient application is an innovative molecular design strategy.
Dapagliflozin‐Loaded Exosome Mimetics Facilitate Diabetic Wound Healing by HIF‐1α‐Mediated Enhancement of Angiogenesis
Authors: Zhang Weiyue , Wang Lutong , Guo Haoyu , Chen Lulu , Huang Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAngiogenesis plays a critical role in diabetic wound healing. However, no effective strategies have been developed to target endothelial cells (ECs) to facilitate diabetic wound healing. Dapagliflozin (DA) as a sodium‐glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, may promote neovascularization in diabetic mice via HIF‐1α‐mediated enhancement of angiogenesis. Here, the bioinspired nanovesicles (NVs) prepared from induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived ECs through an extrusion approach are reported, which can function as exosome mimetics to achieve targeted deliver of DA. Abundant membrane C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 4 conferred the EC‐targeting ability of these NVs and the endothelial homology facilitated the accumulation in ECs. Furthermore, these DA‐loaded induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)‐EC NVs can facilitate angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing by HIF‐1α/VEGFA pathway. Taken together, this study indicated that targeting ECs and regulating angiogenesis may be a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic wound healing.
Stamp‐Like Energy Harvester and Programmable Information Encrypted Display Based on Fully Printable Thermoelectric Devices
Authors: Zhang Xingzhong , Hou Yue , Yang Yang , Wang Ziyu , Liang Xiaosa , He Qingqing , Xu Yufeng , Sun Xiaolong , Ma Hongyu , Liang Jing , Liu Yong , Wu Wei , Yu Hongyu , Guo Haizhong , Xiong Rui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermoelectric (TE) devices exhibit considerable application potential in Internet of Things and personal health monitoring systems. However, TE self‐powered devices are expensive and their fabrication process is complex. Therefore, large‐scale preparation of the TE devices remains challenging. In this work, simple screen‐printing technology is used to fabricate a user‐friendly and high‐performance paper‐based TE device, which can be used in both stamp‐like paper‐based TE generators and infrared displays. When used as a paper‐based TE generator, an output power of 940.8 µW is achieved with a temperature difference of 40 K. The programmable infrared pattern based on the TE array display could be used to realize encryption and anti‐counterfeiting properties. Moreover, a visual extraction algorithm is used to develop a mobile application for processing and decoding the infrared quick response code information. These findings offer an exciting approach to using paper‐based TEGs in applications such as energy harvesting devices, optical encryption, anti‐counterfeiting, and dynamic infrared display.
In Situ Interweaved High Sulfur Loading Li–S Cathode by Catalytically Active Metalloporphyrin Based Organic Polymer Binders
Authors: Yao Xiaoman , Guo Can , Song Chunlei , Lu Meng , Zhang Yuluan , Zhou Jie , Ding Hui‐Min , Chen Yifa , Li Shun‐Li , Lan Ya‐Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe elaborate design of powerful Li–S binders with extended‐functions like polysulfides adsorption/catalysis and Li+ hopping/transferring in addition to robust adhesion‐property has remained a challenge. Here, an in situ cathode‐interweaving strategy based on metalloporphyrin based covalent‐bonding organic polymer (M‐COP, M = Mn, Ni, and Zn) binders is reported for the first time. Thus‐produced functional binders possess excellent mechanical‐strengths, polysulfides adsorption/catalysis, and Li+ hopping/transferring ability. Specifically, the modulus of Mn‐COP can reach up to ≈54.60 GPa (≈40 times higher than poly(vinylidene fluoride)) and the relative cell delivers a high initial‐capacity (1027 mAh g‐1, 1 C and 913 mAh g‐1, 2 C), and excellent cycling‐stability for >1000 cycles even at 4 C. The utilization‐rate of sulfur can reach up to 81.8% and the electrodes based on these powerful binders can be easily scale‐up fabricated (≈20 cm in a batch‐experiment). Noteworthy, Mn‐COP based cell delivers excellent capacities at a high sulfur‐loading (8.6 mg cm‐2) and low E/S ratio (5.8 µL mg‐1). In addition, theoretical calculations reveal the vital roles of metalloporphyrin and thiourea‐groups in enhancing the battery‐performance.
Scalable Alkaline Zinc‐Iron/Nickel Hybrid Flow Battery with Energy Density up to 200 Wh L−1
Authors: Yu Donglei , Zhi Liping , Zhang FeiFei , Song Yang , Wang Qing , Yuan Zhizhang , Li Xianfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAchieving net‐zero emissions requires low‐cost and reliable energy storage devices that are essential to deploy renewables. Alkaline zinc‐based flow batteries such as alkaline zinc‐iron (or nickel) flow batteries are well suited for energy storage because of their high safety, high efficiency, and low cost. Nevertheless, their energy density is limited by the low solubility of ferro/ferricyanide and the limited areal capacity of sintered nickel electrodes. Here, combining the electrochemical reaction with the chemical reaction of ferro/ferricyanide couple in a homemade nickel electrode, an alkaline zinc‐iron/nickel hybrid flow battery with a high energy density of 208.9 Wh L−1 and an energy efficiency of 84.7% at a high current density of 80 mA cm−2 is reported. The reversible chemical reactions between dual couples are proven to stabilize the nickel electrode by promoting the activation of the nickel electrode and further preventing the formation of γ‐NiOOH. A kW‐scale stack is demonstrated by the integration of ferro/ferricyanide couple with nickel electrode, delivering a coulombic efficiency of 98% and an energy efficiency of 89% at 40 mA cm−2. This work demonstrates a promising pathway for constructing and upscaling flow batteries with high energy density and low cost.
Preferred Orientation Evolution of Hole Transport Materials for High Emitting Dipole Orientation Ratio of the Emitting Material
Authors: Lee Heui‐Dong , Jang Ho Jin , Baek Ji Ho , Kim Jeom‐Jae , Choi Hyun Chul , Kim Jae‐Min , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: November 2022

AbstractControl of the molecular orientation is an effective approach to enhance the performance of organic light‐emitting diodes. This study examines the molecular dipole orientation of hole transport materials depending on the deposition step and the consecutive effect on the transition dipole orientation of the emitting dopant. In contrast to other reference materials, 4,4′,4′′‐tris(carbazole‐9‐yl)triphenylamine (TCTA) shows a preferred orientation only in the continuously deposited films that is dependent on the film thickness. The horizontal dipole orientation ratio of the emitting dopant deposited on the TCTA is improved by the alignment of TCTA molecules. The power efficiency of the device produced from the above materials is increased from 28.9 to 34.4 lm W−1owing to the dual enhancement of the hole mobility of TCTA and the horizontal dipole orientation ratio of the emitting dopant. The molecular orientation of the charge transport layer contributes to charge transport in the layer and the molecular orientation of the adjacent emitting layer.