bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Prunus Armeniaca on Oral Squamous cell carcinoma Cell Line: An Ex- Vivo study
Authors: Fahmi Ahmed , Abdelkawy Maha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Prunus Armeniaca (Egyptian apricot) is the plant of Rosaceae family which is widely known for its fruit. It has high nutritional value as it contains essential amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Kernel oil extracted from it was found to have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Its therapeutic effect is still under research. Apricot extracts were found to inhibit in vitro growth of breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives: Evaluating the effect of Prunus Armeniaca (PA) extract on Oral Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) Methods: Egyptian PA seeds were macerated and added to 90% methanol for 7 day for alcohol extract preparations. OSCC cell line of human tongue were cultured and divided onto 2 groups. Group − 1 was treated with the PA alcohol extract. Group-2 were untreated cell line of the OSCC human tongue as a negative control group. Caspase-3 and − 8 activity assay, Cell viability and cytotoxicity, and Cell cycle analysis were performed. Results: Group-1 showed significant increase in caspase-3 & -8 than group 2. Group-1 showed significant minimal cytotoxicity in comparison to Staurosporine. Cell cycle analysis revealed cell growth arrest in S- phase for group-2 with total apoptosis 7.7 folds than group-1. Conclusion: PA extract yields anti-growth properties on human tongue OSCC cell line.
Immunogenetic Basis of Chicken’s Heterophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Revealed by Genome-wide Indel Variants Analysis
Authors: Zhao Guiping , jin zhang , Wang Jie , Wang Qiao , Ding Jiqiang , Wang Zixuan , Thiam Mamadou , Li Qinghe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEnhancing host immunity is an effective way to reduce morbidity in chickens. Heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio is associated with host disease resistance in birds. Chickens with different H/L ratio levels show different disease resistances, caused by a difference in the functional capacity of heterophils. In this study, an H/L directional breeding chicken line was constructed and a combined statistical analysis was used to explore the candidate genes and pathways related to H/L ratio based on whole-genome sequencing of 368 individuals, divided into a non-selection line (NS) and selection lines including G5, G9 and F2 of G9.ResultsHeterophils isolated from the H/L selection line had stronger phagocytosis and oxidative burst function than non-selection line. The 22.44 Mb genomic regions which annotated 300 protein-coding genes were selected in the genome of G9 compared to NS based on a genome-wide selective sweep. Several selective regions were identified containing genes like interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) and moesin (MSN) associated with the intracellular receptor signaling pathway, C-C motif chemokine receptor 6(CCR6)、dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4) and hemolytic complement (HC) associated with the negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis and tight junction protein 1(TJP1) associated with actin cytoskeleton organization. In addition, 45 genome-wide significant indels containing 29 protein-coding genes were also identified as associated with the H/L ratio based on genome-wide association study (GWAS). The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 5(PTPN5) and oxysterol binding protein like 5(OSBPL5) were positively correlated with H/L ratio and significantly different between the high and low H/L groups of the Beijing-You chicken. The A/A allelic frequency of indel 5_13108985 (P-value= 3.85E-06) within OSBPL5 gradually increased from the non-selection line to the G5 and G9 and the individuals with A/A exhibited lower H/L ratio. ConclusionsThe phagocytosis and oxidative burst functions were enhanced and 22.44 Mb genomic regions were selected with the directional selection of H/L ratio. PTPN5 and OSBPL5 genes were identified as candidate genes. These findings revealed the complex genetic mechanism of H/L ratio related to immunity and will allow selection for improving chicken immunity based on the H/L ratio.
Sinapic Acid Attenuates the Neuroinflammatory Response by targeting AKT and MAPK in LPS-activated microglial models
Authors: Huang Tianqi , Zhao Dong , Lee Sang-Bin , Keum Gyochang , Yang Hyun Ok 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a phenolic acid that is widely found in fruits and vegetables, which has various bioactivities, such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anxiolytic functions. Overactivated microglial cells play a major role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of sinapic acid in microglia-derived neuroinflammatory models. Our results demonstrated that SA inhibited production of the nitric oxide (NO) pro-inflammatory factor, induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), induced interleukin (IL)-6 and enhanced the release of IL-10 in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, a mechanistic study revealed that SA remarkably attenuated the phosphorylation of AKT and MAPK cascades in LPS-induced microglia. Consistently, administration of SA regulated the production of inflammation-related cytokines and inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK cascades and Akt in the mouse cerebral cortex. These results suggested that SA may offer a possible treatment for anti-inflammatory activity by targeting the AKT/MAPK signaling pathway.
MORC2/ β-catenin signaling axis promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells
Authors: Saroha Himanshu Singh , Guddeti Rohith Kumar , Jacob Jasmine P , Pulukuri Kiran Kumar , Karyala Prashanthi , Pakala Suresh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although Microrchidia 2 (MORC2) is overexpressed in many types of human cancer, its role in breast cancer progression remains unknown. Here, we report that the chromatin remodeler MORC2 expression positively correlates with β-catenin expression in breast cancer cell lines and patients. Overexpression of MORC2 augmented the expression of β-catenin and its target genes, cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Consistent with these results, we found MORC2 knockdown resulted in decreased expression of β-catenin and its target genes. Surprisingly, we observed that c-Myc, the target gene of β-catenin, regulated the MORC2-β-catenin signaling axis through a feedback mechanism. We demonstrated that MORC2 regulates β-catenin expression and function by modulating the phosphorylation of AKT. In addition, we observed reduced proliferation and migration of MORC2 overexpressing breast cancer cells upon β-catenin inhibition. Overall, our results demonstrate that MORC2 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating β-catenin signaling.
A case of concern or the new normal? Lumbar spine MRI Findings in asymptomatic elite male academy footballers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Carmody Sean , Rajeswaran Gajan , Mitchell Adam , Kryger Katrine Okholm , Ahmad Imtiaz , Gill Munraj , Rushton Alison 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding common MRI findings may allow clinicians to appreciate the sport-specific effects on the lumbar spine, and to discern clinically significant pathology. Prevalence data regarding radiological abnormalities seen during the surveillance of asymptomatic elite footballers is, therefore, important to help understand injury mechanisms and to prevent associated injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in the lumbar spines of asymptomatic elite male adolescent footballers.
Methods
A prospective cross-sectional study design was used. MRI was performed using a 3T Siemens Prisma scanner including a 3D VIBE sequence in 18 asymptomatic male elite adolescent footballers recruited from a professional academy in England (mean age 17.8, range 16.9–18.6 years). The images were independently reported by two consultant musculoskeletal radiologists to achieve consensus opinion. Standardised classification criteria were used to assess and report abnormalities descriptively
Results
Fifteen players (15/18, 83.3%) showed ≥1 abnormalities, included facet degeneration, synovial cysts, disc degeneration, disc herniation, and pars injury. One player (1/18, 5.56%) had mild (Grade 1) facet joint arthropathy at L4/L5 and 3/18 (16.7%) showing evidence of bilateral facet joint effusions. Three synovial cysts were identified in 2/18 players, 4/18 players presented asymptomatic pars injuries, with 4 showing a grade 2 subtotal stress fracture and 1 player a grade 4 chronic stress fracture seen on 3D VIBE sequencing. Disc degeneration at one or more levels was demonstrated in 7/18 players. Disc herniation was present in 5/18 players.
Conclusions
A range of unsuspected findings on MRI of the lumbar spine are common in elite adolescent footballers. MRI 3D VIBE may be useful to diagnose and assess healing of pars injuries in elite footballers and could negate the need to expose players to ionising radiation (e.g., computed tomography).
Plasmonic Metamaterials Absorbers Design Based on XGBoost and LightGBM Algorithms
Authors: Gu Leilei , Xie Shusheng , Zhang Ying , Huang Yule , He Yaojun , Liu Hongzhan , Wei Zhongchao , Guo Jian Ping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The emergence of metamaterials has brought a revolutionary way to manipulate the behavior of light on the nanoscale. However, there are still many problems in design process, such as time-consuming, many-to-one mapping, etc. Here, we demonstrate the forward and inverse design of plasmonic metamaterials absorbers based on Light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The inverse framework can use the input reflective index value to design the metamaterial parameter structure. The experimental results show that XGBoost has better performance in forward and inverse design (Forward-R2: 0.956; Inverse-R2: 0.967). The framework is suitable for designing metamaterials on demand, and it can be used in zoom imaging, metamaterials absorbers, metamaterials filters and other fields.
Comparative Analysis of Bioaccumulation of Cadmium, Lead, Chromium, Copper and Nickel in Wheat Crop
Authors: Mazhar Muhammad Waqar , SAIF SAIRA , Irfan Muhammad , Raza Ahmad , Iram Wajeeha , Tahir Hira , Mazhar Fatima 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this research, the comparative analysis of heavy metals has been studied. An experiment was conducted to determine heavy metals bioaccumulation in wheat as wheat is the staple cereal crop consumed as food globally. Abiotic stress disturbs the metabolic pathway of plants, and the bioaccumulation of the metals cause enzymatic degradation, reduction in photosynthesis, increased level of the ROS species. Comparative analysis of the Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni was analyzed with the help of Inductively Coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results show that Ni has a maximum value of BCF in shoots and roots, whereas the Cr has maximum TF values. SOD and POD assays were performed to check the ROS level in the plants. The results show that plants increase their anti-oxidant enzymes for the scavenging of ROS produced against the bioaccumulation of heavy metals.
Comparison of Intraocular Tamponade in Patients with Peripheral Tear-Induced Retinal Detachment Coexist Macular Hole without High Myopia
Authors: Ozturk Yucel , Ağın Abdullah , Gencoglu Aysun Yucel , Talan Mustafa , Bulut Muhammed Nurullah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To introduce the surgical results and examine the effect of intraocular tamponades on surgical outcomes in patients with coexisting macular hole (MH) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) without high myopia.
Methods
This retrospective, cross-sectional, the two-center study was carried out with 29 eyes of 29 patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the intraocular tamponade used in surgery: silicone oil (group 1) and C3F8 gas (group 2). In all patients, the internal limiting membrane was peeled during surgery. Exclusion criteria were determined as RRD with MH due to high myopia without peripheral retinal tears and traumatic MH.
Results
In group 1, preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was three logMAR, while postoperative BCVA was 1 logMAR (p < 0.001). In group 2, preoperative BCVA was 3 logMAR, while postoperative BCVA was 0.76 logMAR (p = 0.008). The retinal attachment success rate was 15/17 (89.3%) in group 1, 11/12 (91.7%) in group 2 (p = 0.64). MH closure rate was 12/17 (71.6%) in group 1, 10/12 (78.1%) in group 2 (p = 0.52). Besides, there was not any difference in terms of preoperative and postoperative BCVA, preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure, BCVA improvement in both groups. (p = 0.77, p = 0.16, p = 0.63, p = 0.54, p = 0.21, respectively).
Conclusions
Our results showed no significant difference between using silicone oil or C3F8 gas as an intraocular tamponade after internal limiting membrane peeling in patients with RRD due to peripheral tear coexist MH.
Virtual Reality improves symptom control in palliative care – a feasibility trial
Authors: Guenther Miriam , Görlich Dennis , Pogatzki-Zahn Esther , Dasch Burkhard , Krüger Janina , Lenz Philipp 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Effective symptom control is the primary goal in palliative care (PC). Virtual reality (VR) allows a temporary escape from pharmacological resistant pain and enables experiences and journeys palliative patients are not capable of experiencing due to frailty or hospitalization. Patients can immerse in virtual worlds, be distracted by playing games or go on a journey once again. Another benefit of enabling unrealizable wishes in the virtual world is potentially an additional control of psychological and physical symptoms. We evaluated in a national single-center feasibility trial, whether a onetime VR experience is a feasible, satisfactory and effective tool for improving end of life-symptoms for hospitalized patients with palliative needs. Methods: 45 patients at the University Hospital of Muenster with inpatient palliative treatment were offered a one-time VR experience. We excluded patients with brain tumors, brain-metastases, seizure, motion sickness, claustrophobia, vertigo attacks, hearing or visual impairment and those who could not consent.A selection of several videos and games were offered by a VR system. The primary endpoint was patient-reported pain recorded by visual analogue scale. Pre-, during- and post-interventional pain scores were reported. Additionally, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured by the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The Pain-Out questionnaire for postoperative pain was handed to the participants before and after the VR intervention.Results: Data of 21 women and 19 men were analyzed, their average age was 51.9 (SD: 15.8) years. Five patients were excluded for loss of glasses, a VR experience less than five minutes, claustrophobia, acute disorientation or hardly comparable environmental circumstances. The mean Karnofsky score was 45.5 (SD: 14.9) and self-reported health in EQ-5D-5L was 41.9 (SD: 23.1).A significant pain reduction could be shown during, directly post- and one hour postinterventional (VAS preinterventional 2.25 (SD: 0.4399), during 0.7 (SD: 0.2983, p<0.0001), postinterventional 0.9 (SD: 0.3354, p=0.0001), one hour postinterventional 1.15 (SD: 0.4163, p=0.0004). More than 80% evaluated the VR-experience as very good or good, as many as wanted to use the device again. No serious side effects were reported, but three patients felt nausea (7%), two headache (5%) and three stated dry eyes (7%). Conclusion: This pilot trial suggests that VR seems to be a feasible and effective tool to reduce pain and ameliorate the mood in PC. The usage of VR in PC has broad acceptance and might be a valuable future tool for symptom control. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03698526(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03698526?term=virtual+reality&cond=palliative+care&cntry=DE&city=Münster&rank=1)
“Compared to COVID, HIV is nothing”: exploring how onshore international students in an Australian City navigate COVID-19 versus BBV/STI risk
Authors: Okeke Sylvester Reuben 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWhile a large body of evidence indicates increased alcohol and other drug use among young people as a way of mitigating the psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence around the use of sex fir such mitigation is scarce. Most of what we know about sex during COVID-19 lockdowns is largely based on solitary sexual practices, which may not answer the critical question around how the pandemic may be shaping sexual practices of young people. Against the backdrop, this study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic may be shaping blood-borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections (BBVs/STIs) risk and protective practices among African and Asian international students in Sydney, Australia. MethodsThis phenomenological qualitative study involved a semi-structured telephone and face-to-face interviews with 16 international university students in Sydney, between September 2020–March 2021. Generated data were coded using NVivo and analysis was guided by reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsParticipants experienced elevated mental health distress because of the COVID-19 pandemic and some reported engaging in casual sexual hook-ups as a strategy to seek relief from the mental health distress they experienced. Some of those sexual hook-ups were condomless partly because COVID-related disruptions impacted condom accessibility during lockdowns. Also, the preventive practices of some participants who reported being sexually active during the lockdowns were focused on preventing COVID-19 while BBVs/STIs got lesser attention. ConclusionThis study indicates a need for comprehensive public health response to the evolving and near-endemic COVID-19 situation. Such comprehensive approach should focus on empowering young people to prevent both the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the sexual spread of BBVs/STIs, especially among highly vulnerable groups.
Construction of a lncRNA‐associated ceRNA regulatory network to explore the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Huang Rong , Sun Li-Jing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide, and is considered a major public health problem. Studies have shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) may be involved in the biological processes of CKD, but the exact mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, further analysis of these ceRNA networks will reveal the important role of ceRNAs in the pathogenesis of CKD.Methods: Differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs in CKD patients and healthy volunteers were identified through high-throughput sequencing. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to examine the key biological functions and pathways involved in CKD. The lncRNA‐associated ceRNA regulatory network was constructed, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was conducted to identify the hub genes involved in the pathogenesis of CKD. Results: In this study, 378 DE lncRNAs were detected, of which 207 were intergenic lncRNAs, 88 were intronic lncRNAs and 83 were exonic lncRNAs. The intergenic lncRNAs have 96 up-regulated lncRNAs and 111 down-regulated lncRNAs. As for intronic lncRNAs, 39 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 49 were down-regulated. Similarly, we also found that 27 exonic lncRNAs were up-regulated and 56 were down-regulated. Functional enrichment analysis was performed based on the prediction of lncRNA‐miRNA-mRNA interactions. GO analysis showed that predicted target gene was highly correlated with the immune response. KEGG analysis revealed that predicted target genes were significantly enriched in regulated pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway. We successfully constructed lncRNA‐associated ceRNA regulatory network involved in the pathogenesis of CKD, and based on this network, a PPI network was established to identify 10 hub genes which participate in the pathogenesis of CKD.Conclusions: Our findings provide a new perspective understanding of the lncRNA‐associated ceRNA network involved in CKD, which may help to elucidate the potential pathogenesis of CKD.
The length of the fertilization period for a Paulownia plantation affects indirectly the composition and diversity of the soil fungal community due to changes in the soil microbial characteristics
Authors: Wu Lichao , Liu Sen , Li Xia , Fu Yujia , Li Peng , Lu Sheng , Qiao Jie , Li Hui , Wang Baoping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The broad-leaved Paulownia species, the fastest-growing timber species in the world, typically receives fertilizer at the planting stage to ensure sustainable productivity. However, the succession pattern and the functional expression of the soil fungal community under long-term fertilization are unclear; in addition, the underlying regulatory mechanisms regarding the indirect effects of forest fertilization on the fungal community via the soil properties is poorly understood. This study focused on the direct and indirect effects of selecting different periods of fertilization on the composition of the fungal community through analysis of the properties of the soil (based on high-throughput sequencing technology) for samples collected from four chronosequences of a Paulownia plantation fertilization experiment (1, 3, 10, and 13-yr). The soil organic carbon content, the total nitrogen, the microbial biomass carbon, and the available nutrients were significantly increased as a result of fertilizer treatment, and the relative abundance of Zygomycota was significantly higher than that in a reference forest. Specifically, the short-term fertilization group (1-yr and 3-yr) and the long-term fertilization group (10-yr and 13-yr) were more effective than the reference forest in promoting an increase in dominant taxa, community diversity and richness. Correlation and linear regression analyses also showed that the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen may be the key driving factors which affect the community diversity of the soil fungi and their composition for the different periods of fertilization. Overall, the study demonstrated that the long-term application of fertilizer increased the soil fungal diversity of the Paulownia plantation, changed the community composition, and promoted the growth of dominant taxonomy with high relative abundance. Furthermore, the results highlighted the beneficial effects and potential threats of long-term fertilization on the functional composition of the fungal community. Our findings provide powerful evidence to support extending the period of fertilization in a Paulownia plantation to 10-yr to better manage such plantations in the future.