bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants and spatial distribution of institutional delivery in Ethiopia: evidence from Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Surveys 2019
Authors: Gilano Girma , Hailegebreal Samuel , Seboka Biniyam Tariku 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Over the past few decades, maternal and child mortality had drawn the attention of governments and policymakers. Institutional delivery has been among the implementations needed to reduce maternal and child mortality. The fact that the problem was persisted intensified studies to research for more factors. Thus, the current study was intended for further analyses of EMDHS to identify the magnitude, spatial patterns, and predictors of institutional delivery.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey data from EMDHS 2019 was analyzed involving 5488 reproductive-age women regarding institutional deliveries. We presented descriptive statistics using mean, standard deviations, and proportions. To check the nature of the distribution of institutional delivery, we applied the global Moran’s I statistics. Getis-Ord Gi statistics was applied to detect spatial locations, and we applied spatial interpolation to predict unknown locations of institutional delivery using the Ordinary Kriging method. Kulldorff’s SatScan was also applied to identify the specific local clustering nature of institutional delivery using the Bernoulli method. We applied multilevel binary logistic regression for the scrutiny of individual and community-level factors. We applied P < 0.25 to include variables in the model and P < 0.05 to declare associations. AOR with 95% CI was used to describe variables.

Results
The prevalence of institution/facility delivery was 2666.45(48.58%) in the survey. The average number of children was 4.03 ± 2.47, and most women in this survey were in the age range of the 25-29 years (31.84%) and 30–34 years (21.61%). Women who learned primary education (AOR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.20–1.95), secondary education (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.03–3.07), and higher education (AOR = 5.41; 95% 1.91–15.25), while those who can read and write sentences (AOR = 1.94; 95% 1.28–2.94), Rich (AOR = 2.40 95% CI 1.82–3.16), and those followed 1–2 ANC (AOR = 2.08; 95% CI 1.57–2.76), 3 ANCs (AOR = 3.24; 95% CI 2.51–418), and ≥ 4 ANCs (AOR = 4.91; 95% CI 3.93–6.15) had higher odds of delivering at health institutions.

Conclusion
The institutional delivery was unsatisfactory in Ethiopia, and there were various factors associated differently across the different regions. Pastoralist regions showed high home delivery than institutions which invites further interventions specific to those regions. Factors like age, highest education level achieved, preceding birth interval, literacy status, wealth status, birth order, regions, and rural residences were all affected institutional delivery so that interventions considering awareness, access, and availability of the services are vital.
Green BIM-based study on the green performance of university buildings in northern China
Authors: Liu Qibo , Wang Zixin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Energy-efficient university campuses will play a vital role in the development of future sustainable cities, and will be important for achieving the Chinese carbon-neutrality goals. It is, therefore, necessary to develop new decision-making tools for evaluating the sustainability of campus buildings. Since university campuses typically comprise a broad variety of building types, standardized evaluation methods and tools, such as Green BIM, are needed. Green BIM (Building Information Modeling) emphasizes the importance and role of BIM technology in the design and construction of green buildings, providing a standardized framework for the decision-making process, and methods for improving the green performance of buildings.

Methods
This study develops a method based on the Green BIM framework, using BIM architecture to analyse building performance, and the Assessment Standard for Green Building (GB/T 50378-2019) standard to establish benchmark values for evaluation, and project objectives. The method is evaluated on three examples of the most representative university buildings in northern China. The goal is to understand common denominators and differences between different types of campus buildings, in terms of green building indicators, that are important to consider in the early design stages of campus building complexes.

Results
In this study, a library is used as a case study to demonstrate the tools for evaluating green performance. The study optimizes green performance from five aspects: surrounding environment, function layout, envelope performance and system transformation, and management measures improvement. The results show that this optimization scheme can achieve reductions of the annual loads of about 47.4%, in line with the national energy efficiency standards for public buildings. In particular, the heating load was reduced by 59.1%, and the cooling load reduced by 21.5%.

Conclusion
A comprehensive approach, combining the aspects of planning, building design, system design, energy management, and energy conservation planning, is required to improve the green performance of university buildings to meet the goals. In the future, it will be further necessary to perform data mining of energy consumption patterns, and continue energy retrofitting of existing buildings and energy systems, to achieve the goal of green and low-carbon campuses.
Prodromal Parkinson's disease: hype or hope for disease-modification trials?
Authors: Mahlknecht Philipp , Marini Kathrin , Werkmann Mario , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ultimate goal in Parkinson's disease (PD) research remains the identification of treatments that are capable of slowing or even halting the progression of the disease. The failure of numerous past disease-modification trials in PD has been attributed to a variety of factors related not only to choosing wrong interventions, but also to using inadequate trial designs and target populations. In patients with clinically established PD, neuronal pathology may already have advanced too far to be modified by any intervention. Based on such reasoning, individuals in yet prediagnostic or prodromal disease stages, may provide a window of opportunity to test disease-modifying strategies. There is now sufficient evidence from prospective studies to define diagnostic criteria for prodromal PD and several approaches have been studied in observational cohorts. These include the use of PD-risk algorithms derived from multiple established risk factors for disease as well as follow-up of cohorts with single defined prodromal markers like hyposmia, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorders, or PD gene carriers. In this review, we discuss recruitment strategies for disease-modification trials in various prodromal PD cohorts, as well as potential trial designs, required trial durations, and estimated sample sizes. We offer a concluding outlook on how the goal of implementing disease-modification trials in prodromal cohorts might be achieved in the future.
Circulating Proteome and Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gou Wanglong , Yue Liang , Tang Xin-yi , Wu Yan-yan , Cai Xue , Shuai Menglei , Miao Zelei , Fu Yuanqing , Chen Hao , Jiang Zengliang , Wang Jiali , Tian Yunyi , Xiao Congmei , Xiang Nan , Wu Zhen , Chen Yu-ming , Guo Tiannan , Zheng Ju-Sheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
Circulating proteomes may provide intervention targets for type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Objective
We aimed to identify proteomic biomarkers associated with incident T2D and assess its joint effect with dietary or lifestyle factors on the T2D risk.

Methods
We established 2 nested case-control studies for incident T2D: discovery cohort (median 6.5 years of follow-up, 285 case-control pairs) and validation cohort (median 2.8 years of follow-up, 38 case-control pairs). We integrated untargeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics and interpretable machine learning to identify T2D-related proteomic biomarkers. We constructed a protein risk score (PRS) with the identified proteomic biomarkers and used a generalized estimating equation to evaluate PRS-T2D relationship with repeated profiled proteome. We evaluated association of PRS with trajectory of glycemic traits in another non-T2D cohort (n = 376). Multiplicative interactions of dietary or lifestyle factors with PRS were evaluated using logistic regression.

Results
Seven proteins (SHBG, CAND1, APOF, SELL, MIA3, CFH, IGHV1-2) were retained as the proteomic biomarkers for incident T2D. PRS (per SD change) was positively associated with incident T2D across 2 cohorts, with an odds ratio 1.29 (95% CI, 1.08-1.54) and 1.84 (1.19-2.84), respectively. Participants with a higher PRS had a higher probability showing unfavored glycemic trait trajectory in the non-T2D cohort. Red meat intake and PRS showed a multiplicative interaction on T2D risk in the discovery (P = 0.003) and validation cohort (P = 0.017).

Conclusion
This study identified proteomic biomarkers for incident T2D among the Chinese populations. The higher intake of red meat may synergistically interact with the proteomic biomarkers to exaggerate the T2D risk.
Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation Improves Cerebral Macrocirculation and Microcirculation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Shah Kevin A. , White Timothy G. , Powell Keren , Woo Henry H. , Narayan Raj K. , Li Chunyan 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is the most consequential secondary insult after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It is a multifactorial process caused by a combination of large artery vasospasm and microcirculatory dysregulation. Despite numerous efforts, no effective therapeutic strategies are available to prevent DCI. The trigeminal nerve richly innervates cerebral blood vessels and releases a host of vasoactive agents upon stimulation. As such, electrical trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) has the capability of enhancing cerebral circulation.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether TNS can restore impaired cerebral macrocirculation and microcirculation in an experimental rat model of SAH.

METHODS:
The animals were randomly assigned to sham-operated, SAH-control, and SAH-TNS groups. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation on Day 0, followed by KCl-induced cortical spreading depolarization on day 1, and sample collection on day 2. TNS was delivered on day 1. Multiple end points were assessed including cerebral vasospasm, microvascular spasm, microthrombosis, calcitonin gene-related peptide and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentrations, degree of cerebral ischemia and apoptosis, and neurobehavioral outcomes.

RESULTS:
SAH resulted in significant vasoconstriction in both major cerebral vessels and cortical pial arterioles. Compared with the SAH-control group, TNS increased lumen diameters of the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery, and decreased pial arteriolar wall thickness. Additionally, TNS increased cerebrospinal fluid calcitonin gene-related peptide levels, and decreased cortical intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, parenchymal microthrombi formation, ischemia-induced hypoxic injury, cellular apoptosis, and neurobehavioral deficits.

CONCLUSION:
Our results suggest that TNS can enhance cerebral circulation at multiple levels, lessen the impact of cerebral ischemia, and ameliorate the consequences of DCI after SAH.
Conversations with LGBT+ scientists about visibility, leadership and climbing the career ladder
Authors: Bristow Robert G. , Engel Joanne , Jayasinghe Izzy , Kampmann Martin , James Sansom Owen , Bryant David M. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
February is LGBT+ history month, and to celebrate, Journal of Cell Science Editorial Advisory Board member David Bryant organised a conversation with a selection of scientists to explore their experiences of being LGBT+ in academia.
Adaptations to a hypoxic lifestyle in naked mole-rats
Authors: Pamenter Matthew E. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTHypoxia is one of the strongest environmental drivers of cellular and physiological adaptation. Although most mammals are largely intolerant of hypoxia, some specialized species have evolved mitigative strategies to tolerate hypoxic niches. Among the most hypoxia-tolerant mammals are naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber), a eusocial species of subterranean rodent native to eastern Africa. In hypoxia, naked mole-rats maintain consciousness and remain active despite a robust and rapid suppression of metabolic rate, which is mediated by numerous behavioural, physiological and cellular strategies. Conversely, hypoxia-intolerant mammals and most other hypoxia-tolerant mammals cannot achieve the same degree of metabolic savings while staying active in hypoxia and must also increase oxygen supply to tissues, and/or enter torpor. Intriguingly, recent studies suggest that naked mole-rats share many cellular strategies with non-mammalian vertebrate champions of anoxia tolerance, including the use of alternative metabolic end-products and potent pH buffering mechanisms to mitigate cellular acidification due to upregulation of anaerobic metabolic pathways, rapid mitochondrial remodelling to favour increased respiratory efficiency, and systemic shifts in energy prioritization to maintain brain function over that of other tissues. Herein, I discuss what is known regarding adaptations of naked mole-rats to a hypoxic lifestyle, and contrast strategies employed by this species to those of hypoxia-intolerant mammals, closely related African mole-rats, other well-studied hypoxia-tolerant mammals, and non-mammalian vertebrate champions of anoxia tolerance. I also discuss the neotenic theory of hypoxia tolerance – a leading theory that may explain the evolutionary origins of hypoxia tolerance in mammals – and highlight promising but underexplored avenues of hypoxia-related research in this fascinating model organism.
Life Expectancy in Survivors of Esophageal Cancer Compared with the Background Population
Authors: Lundberg Ellinor , Lagergren Pernilla , Mattsson Fredrik , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is unknown whether the survival of patients cured of esophageal cancer differs from that of the corresponding background population. This nationwide and population-based cohort study included all patients who survived for at least 5 years after surgery for esophageal cancer in Sweden between 1987 and 2015, with follow-up throughout 2020. Relative survival rates with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by dividing the observed with the expected survival. The expected survival was assessed from the entire Swedish population of the corresponding age, sex, and calendar year. Yearly relative survival rates were calculated between 6 and 10 years postoperatively. Among all 762 participants, the relative survival was initially similar to the background population (96.1%, 95% CI 94.3–97.9%), but decreased each following postoperative year to 83.5% (95% CI 79.5–87.6%) by year 10. The drop in relative survival between 6 and 10 years was more pronounced in participants with a history of squamous cell carcinoma [from 94.5% (95% CI 91.2–97.8%) to 70.8% (95% CI 64.0–77.6%)] than in those with adenocarcinoma [from 96.9% (95% CI 94.8–99.0%) to 91.5% (95% CI 86.6–96.3%)], and in men [from 96.0% (95% CI 93.8–98.1%) to 81.8% (95% CI 76.8–86.8%)] than in women [from 96.4% (95% CI 93.4–99.5%) to 88.1% (95% CI 81.5–94.8%)]. No major differences were found between age groups. In conclusion, esophageal cancer survivors had a decline in survival between 6 and 10 years after surgery compared with the corresponding general population, particularly those with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and male sex.
The bioinspired traffic sign classifier
Authors: Przewlocka-Rus Dominika , Kryjak Tomasz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
In this paper the research on developing convolutional spiking neural networks for traffic signs classification is presented. Unlike classical ones, spiking networks reflect the behaviour of biological neurons much more closely, by taking into account the time dimension and event-based operation. Spiking networks running on dedicated neuromorphic platforms, such as Intel Loihi, can operate with greater energy efficiency, hence they are an interesting approach for embedded solutions.

Methods
For convolutional spiking neural networks' design and simulation, Nengo and NengoDL libraries for Python language were used. Numerous experiments using the Leaky-Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron model were conducted. The training results, with different augmentation methods and number of time steps for input image presentation were compared.

Results
Finally, an accuracy of up to 97% on the test set was achieved, depending on the number of time steps the input was presented to the SNN.

Conclusions
The proposed experiments show that using simple convolutional spiking neural network, one can achieve accuracy comparable to the classical network with the same architecture and trained on the same dataset. At the same time, running on dedicated neuromorphic hardware, such solution should be characterized by low latency and low energy consumption.
NADPH-derived ROS generation drives fibrosis and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in systemic sclerosis: Potential cross talk with circulating miRNAs
Authors: Posadino Anna Maria , Erre Gian Luca , Cossu Annalisa , Emanueli Costanza , Eid Ali H. , Zinellu Angelo , Pintus Gianfranco , Giordo Roberta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an immune disorder characterized by diffuse fibrosis and vascular abnormalities of the affected organs. Although the etiopathology of this disease is largely unknown, endothelial damage and oxidative stress appear implicated in its initiation and maintenance. Here, we show for the first time that circulating factors present in SSc sera increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, collagen synthesis, and proliferation of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). The observed phenomena were also associated with endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as indicated by decreased von Willebrand factor (vWF) expression and increased alpha-smooth muscle actin, respectively, an endothelial and mesenchymal marker. SSc-induced fibroproliferative effects were prevented by HPMECs exposition to the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium, demonstrating ROS’s causative role and suggesting their cellular origin. Sera from SSc patients showed significant changes in the expression of a set of fibrosis/EndMT-associated microRNAs (miRNA), including miR-21, miR-92a, miR-24, miR-27b, miR-125b, miR-29c, and miR-181b, which resulted significantly upregulated as compared to healthy donors sera. However, miR29b resulted downregulated in SSc sera, whereas no significant differences were found in the expression of miR-29a in the two experimental groups of samples. Taking together our data indicate NADPH oxidase-induced EndMT as a potential mechanism of SSc-associated fibrosis, suggesting fibrosis-associated miRNAs as potentially responsible for initiating and sustaining the vascular alterations observed in this pathological condition.
Geometric approximations to transition densities of Jump-type Markov processes
Authors: Zhuang Yuanying , Song Xiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the transition functions of symmetric Levy-type processes generated by a pseudo-differential operator with variable coefficients. We first give the general estimates of heat kernels of jump diffusion semigroups, which leads to diagonal estimates of transition function and subordination in the context of two-dimensional Cauchy semigroup. Then off-diagonal estimates of special classes of Levy-type processes where transition function can be expressed using the diagonal estimation results and related metrics are derived. Furthermore, we show geometric approximation of the general two-dimensional Levy processes, and graphical experiments have been made by freezing the coefficients of the generators.
Almost factorizable weakly type B semigroups
Authors: Li Chunhua , Fang Jieying , Meng Lingxiang , Xu Baogen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The definition of an almost left factorizable weakly type B semigroup is introduced by using the notion of a left factorizable weakly type B monoids, and some properties and characterizations on such semigroup are obtained. The main aim of this paper is to give characterizations of sufficient and necessary conditions for a weakly type B semigroup to be almost left factorizable. In particular, some properties of proper almost factorizable weakly type B semigroups are given.
Existence and simulation of positive solutions for m-point fractional differential equations with derivative terms
Authors: Sun Wenchao , Su You-Hui , Sun Ai , Zhu Quanxing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for a class of

m

m

-point fractional differential equations whose nonlinear terms involve derivatives. By using the properties of the Green function and fixed point theorems, some new conditions for the existence of at least one, two, three, and

2
n
−
1

2n-1

positive solutions are established. As verification, some simulation examples are given to illustrate the main results. It is worth mentioning that we study the

m

m

-point fractional differential equations with nonlinear terms involving derivative and use the iterative method to simulate our examples and give the approximate solution.
Contribution of Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem to Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Wardoyo Tulus , Awalya Awalya , Mulawarman Mulawarman 
Published: February 2022

In learning process, students are expected to have high subjective well-being. Unfortunately, the fact shows that many students suffer from low self-efficacy and self-esteem, which affects their subjective well-being. The present study aimed to analyze the the effect of self-efficacy and self-esteem on studentsâ€™ subjective well-being. This study involved 350 students (50.7 % Male students and 44.3% female students) who were recruited using cluster random sampling technique. The data were collected using General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), The Short Form of Coopersmith SelfEsteem Inventory (SF-CSEI) dan Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Using SPSS, multiple linear regression analysis technique was applied. Self-efficacy and self-esteem were found to predict studentsâ€™ subjective well-being. They simultaneously accounted for the variance of subjective well-being by 24.2% ( =0.242). Following the result, school counselors are recommended to develop studentsâ€™ self-efficacy and self-esteem in order to enhance their subjective well-being
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica de las universidades estatales de Costa Rica indexadas en Scopus, 2011-2019: una aplicación con el paquete de lenguaje R “Bibliometrix”
Authors: Sáenz León Silvia , Rodríguez Ramos Nanci 
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo está orientado al análisis de algunos indicadores bibliométricos, aplicados a la producción científica realizada por las universidades estatales de Costa Rica para el período 2011-2019. Mediante el lenguaje en R y el uso de la aplicación Biblioshiny de la librería/paquete Bibliometrix, se generó una serie de indicadores relacionados con la productividad por autor, afiliación, nivel de citación, entre otras características documentales, consumo científico e impacto.
Entre los principales hallazgos se evidencia que la mayor parte de la producción científica de Costa Rica, indexada en Scopus, proviene de las universidades estatales; hay presencia de la investigación costarricense en todos los continentes y no únicamente como participantes, sino como líderes o investigadores principales; existe gran diversificación de publicación en revistas de múltiples disciplinas; y hay diversidad de investigación en múltiples áreas de la ciencia, entre otros.