bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Sitter microstates from T$$ \overline{T} $$ + Λ2 and the Hawking-Page transition
Authors: Coleman Evan , Mazenc Edward A. , Shyam Vasudev , Silverstein Eva , Soni Ronak M. , Torroba Gonzalo , Yang Sungyeon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We obtain microstates accounting for the Gibbons-Hawking entropy in dS3, along with a subleading logarithmic correction, from the solvable T$$ \overline{T} $$

T
¯

+ Λ2 deformation of a seed CFT with sparse light spectrum. The microstates arise as the dressed CFT states near dimension ∆ = c/6, associated with the Hawking-Page transition; they dominate the real spectrum of the deformed theory. We exhibit an analogue of the Hawking-Page transition in de Sitter. Appropriate generalizations of the T$$ \overline{T} $$

T
¯

+ Λ2 deformation are required to treat model-dependent local bulk physics (subleading at large central charge) and higher dimensions. These results add considerably to the already strong motivation for the continued pursuit of such generalizations along with a more complete characterization of T$$ \overline{T} $$

T
¯

type theories, building from existing results in these directions.
Odd dimensional nonlocal Liouville conformal field theories
Authors: Kislev Amitay C. , Levy Tom , Oz Yaron 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We construct Euclidean Liouville conformal field theories in odd number of dimensions. The theories are nonlocal and non-unitary with a log-correlated Liouville field, a $$ \mathcal{Q} $$
Q
-curvature background, and an exponential Liouville-type potential. We study the classical and quantum properties of these theories including the finite entanglement entropy part of the sphere partition function F, the boundary conformal anomaly and vertex operators’ correlation functions. We derive the analogue of the even-dimensional DOZZ formula and its semi-classical approximation.
The Effect of Inhaled Air Particulate Matter SRM 1648a on the Development of Mild Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/J Mice
Authors: Nowak Bernadeta , Majka Grzegorz , Śróttek Małgorzata , Skałkowska Anna , Marcinkiewicz Janusz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAir pollution is considered to be one of a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is commonly used as a mouse model of human RA. However, the impact of specific particulate matter (PM) components on the incidence and severity of RA has still not been established. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental model of CIA suitable to test arthritogenicity of inhaled PM. A mild form of CIA was induced in DBA1/J mice inhaled with various components of SRM 1648a PM. The incidence and severity of arthritis was assessed, and the selected serum markers of autoimmunity and inflammation were determined. Clinical arthritis was observed from the booster CII immunisation onward. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, a diagnostic marker of RA, were detected in serum of these mice. All inhaled pollutants, crude PM, PM with reduced organic content, ferric, and silica nanoparticles markedly increased CIA incidence and severity. The fastest progression of CIA development was caused by crude PM and was linked to enhanced serum levels of anti-CII IgG, the prominent arthritogenic autoantibodies. On the other hand, inhaled nanoparticles enhanced serum levels of TNFα, a major proinflammatory arthritogenic cytokine. We recommend this experimental model of mild CIA to test the mechanisms of arthritis exacerbation by inhaled air pollutants. Further studies are necessary to determine whether PM-aggravated arthritis is caused by inflammatory mediators translocated from inflamed lung into systemic circulation or whether PM translocated into the bloodstream directly exacerbate joint inflammation.
Uncertainty principles with error term in Gelfand–Shilov spaces
Authors: Dicke Alexander , Seelmann Albrecht 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this note, an alternative approach to establish observability for semigroups based on their smoothing properties is presented. The results discussed here reproduce some of those recently obtained in [arXiv:2112.01788], but the current proof allows to get rid of several technical assumptions by following the standard complex analytic approach established by Kovrijkine combined with an idea from [arXiv:2201.02370].
Quadratic rational maps with integer multipliers
Authors: Huguin Valentin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, we prove that every quadratic rational map whose multipliers all lie in the ring of integers of a given imaginary quadratic field is a power map, a Chebyshev map or a Lattès map. In particular, this provides some evidence in support of a conjecture by Milnor concerning rational maps that have an integer multiplier at each cycle.
Feeding of Marine Zooplankton on Microplastic Fibers
Authors: Köster Marion , Paffenhöfer Gustav-Adolf 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe goal of our study was to examine the effects of low abundances of nylon fibers on feeding rates of calanoid copepods (Crustacea, Copepoda) and doliolids (Tunicata, Thaliacea) in the presence of diatoms at near environmental concentration levels. In addition, we examined microscopically the fecal pellets produced by copepods and doliolids in the presence of fibers. Adult females of the calanoidEucalanus pileatusand early gonozooids ofDolioletta gegenbauri(both of similar dry weight) cleared the diatomRhizosolenia alataat similar rates. Nylon fibers were cleared at higher rates byDolioletta gegenbauricompared toEucalanus pileatus. Examination of fecal pellets revealed that copepods and doliolids could ingest the about 300 µm long fibers. The latter also ingested the occasionally occurring fibers of > 1 mm length. It appears that in seawater fiber abundances of about seven fibers ml−1did not have a negative effect on feeding of eitherE. pileatusorD. gegenbauri. As doliolids and copepods remove plastic fibers from seawater by packing them into their pellets, they might play a role in the reduction of microplastic pollution and the microplastic transfer from the water column to the seafloor. Calanoid copepods may limit ingesting fibers by not perceiving them, as compared to doliolids which do not seem to be able to avoid ingesting them.
Wirkung der multimodalen rheumatologischen Komplexbehandlung bei Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Kiltz U. , Wiatr T. , Kiefer D. , Baraliakos X. , Braun J. 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die multimodale rheumatologische Komplexbehandlung (MRKB) beruht auf einem akutstationären Versorgungskonzept zur Behandlung von Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Funktionseinschränkungen und Schmerzexazerbationen, die durch rheumatische und muskuloskeletale Erkrankungen bedingt sind. Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) einschließlich der ankylosierenden Spondylitis (AS) leiden häufig unter solchen Gesundheitsproblemen. Regelmäßige Bewegungsübungen und physikalische Therapiemaßnahmen sind ein wichtiger Pfeiler im Behandlungsmanagement. Mit dem ASAS Health Index (ASAS HI) können die globale Funktionsfähigkeit und Gesundheit von axSpA-Patienten erfasst werden. Die Trennschärfe des ASAS HI für nichtpharmakologische Therapieänderungen ist bisher noch nicht nachgewiesen worden.

Zielsetzung
Evaluation der im Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet durchgeführten MRKB und des ASAS HI für nichtpharmakologische Therapiemaßnahmen bei Patienten mit axSpA. Als primärer Endpunkt wurde eine Verbesserung des ASDAS ≥ 1,1 festgelegt. Hierbei wurde angenommen, dass > 25 % der Patienten diesen Schwellenwert erreichen.

Methoden
Konsekutiv eingeschlossene Patienten mit aktiver axSpA und relevanten Funktionseinschränkungen wurden im Rahmen einer MRKB 14 Tage stationär behandelt. Alle Patienten beantworteten am ersten (V1) und am 14. Tag (V2) des Aufenthalts Fragebögen zu Schmerzen (NRS), Krankheitsaktivität (BASDAI, ASDAS) und Funktion (BASFI, ASAS HI). Die klinische Untersuchung erfolgte mittels BASMI und eine Messung des C‑reaktiven Proteins (CRP) zu beiden Zeitpunkten.

Ergebnisse
Die prospektiv eingeschlossenen 66 Patienten hatten ein mittleres Alter von 47,2 Jahren (SD 14,2), eine Symptomdauer von ca. 20 Jahren, 65,3 % waren Männer und 75 % HLA B27+, das CRP war bei 41,3 % erhöht. Die Krankheitsaktivität zu V1 war erhöht: BASDAI 5,6 (1,8), ASDAS 3,1 (0,9), während Funktionsfähigkeit und Mobilität vermindert waren: BASFI 3,5 (1,8), BASMI 5,6 (2,1), ASAS HI 8,4 (3,4). Im Verlauf verbesserte sich das globale Patientenurteil (NRS 0–10) von 6,9 (1,7) zu V1 auf 4,8 (1,8) zu V2 und der Schmerz von 6,9 (1,9) auf 4,7 (2,0) (alle p < 0,001). Auch die Krankheitsaktivität nahm zu V2 ab: BASDAI 4,1 (1,9), ASDAS 2,4 (1,0), Funktion und Mobilität waren auch verbessert: BASFI 4,3 (2,4), BASMI 2,7 (1,6), ASAS HI 6,5 (3,8) (alle p < 0,001).

Schlussfolgerung
In dieser Studie konnte die Wirksamkeit einer 2‑wöchigen MRKB gemäß OPS 8–983,1 hinsichtlich wichtiger patientenzentrierter Outcomes (PRO) nachgewiesen und frühere Studienergebnisse konnten bestätigt werden. In diesem Rahmen war auch der ASAS-HI veränderungssensitiv.
Effect of substrate on the proliferation of Myxobolus cerebralis in the mitochondrial lineages of the Tubifex tubifex host
Authors: Baxa Dolores V. , Nehring R. Barry 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe study goal was to examine the effects of sand and mud on the propagation of Myxobolus cerebralis, the whirling disease agent, in four mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA lineages (I, III, V, VI) of its oligochaete host, Tubifex tubifex (Tt). In all the lineage groups held continuously in either substrate (non-shifted) or transferred from sand to mud (shifted), substrate influenced parasite proliferation only in lineage III. Sporogenesis and release of triactinomyxon spores (TAMs) were more prevalent in lineage III Tt in mud compared to sand. Low-infection prevalence and lack of parasite development in lineage I is associated with the greater number of resistant worms and were not affected by substrate type. Substrate did not impact Tt from lineages V and VI that failed to develop any parasite stages in either substrate even after shifting from sand to mud. The relationship between the microbial community in the substrate and parasite proliferation in lineage III was described but not analyzed due to small sample size. Substrate-associated bacteria were hypothesized as essential dietary source for the oligochaete host feeding selectively on fine (mud)-microflora. Progeny was produced by all lineage groups shifted to mud with disparate survival profiles in lineage V and VI and high mortalities in lineage III. Our study demonstrates that substrate type can alter parasite proliferation in lineage III. Conversely, parasite development and infectivity were not altered in lineage V and VI that are refractory to the parasite nor among the more resistant phenotypes (I), regardless of substrate type.
JCOPE-FGO: an eddy-resolving quasi-global ocean reanalysis product
Authors: Kido Shoichiro , Nonaka Masami , Miyazawa Yasumasa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present research, we provide a brief description and assessment of the oceanic fields analyzed in the newly developed eddy-resolving quasi-global ocean reanalysis product, named the Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiments-Forecasting Global Ocean (JCOPE-FGO). This product covers the quasi-global ocean with a horizontal resolution of 0.1° × 0.1°. Validations of analyzed temperature and salinity fields by JCOPE-FGO against in situ observations revealed that our product can capture various aspects of observed hydrographic structures in the world ocean, including frontal structures near the surface and thermohaline properties of water masses, as well as their spatiotemporal variability. Furthermore, we have assessed dynamical fields analyzed in JCOPE-FGO using satellite altimeters and surface drifters, and found that our product can represent the mean state and variability of the upper ocean circulation in many regions. A notable feature of JCOPE-FGO is the inclusion of an updated global river runoff, and impacts of river forcing have been assessed by an additional reanalysis experiment without river forcing. We found that the removal of continental river discharge leads to dramatic changes in the near-surface salinity and related fields around river mouths of large rivers, but large changes are mostly confined to narrow regions near the coast. As an example of the substantial impact of river runoff, we discuss the dispersion of low-salinity water from the Mississippi river to the Gulf of Mexico: a comparison between the analyzed salinity fields from both reanalysis products with those from satellite observations demonstrated that the inclusion of river runoff is essential for an accurate representation of its seasonal variability. Several key issues that warrant further improvements are discussed for future development.
Genes of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System Qualify as Differential Markers in Malignant Glioma of Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Origin
Authors: Vriend Jerry , Klonisch Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe have mined public genomic datasets to identify genes coding for components of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) that may qualify as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in the three major glioma types, astrocytoma (AS), glioblastoma (GBM), and oligodendroglioma (ODG). In the Sun dataset of glioma (GEO ID: GSE4290), expression of the genes UBE2S and UBE2C, which encode ubiquitin conjugases important for cell-cycle progression, distinguished GBM from AS and ODG. KEGG analysis showed that among the ubiquitin E3 ligase genes differentially expressed, the Notch pathway was significantly over-represented, whereas among the E3 ligase adaptor genes the Hippo pathway was over-represented. We provide evidence that the UPS gene contributions to the Notch and Hippo pathway signatures are related to stem cell pathways and can distinguish GBM from AS and ODG. In the Sun dataset, AURKA and TPX2, two cell-cycle genes coding for E3 ligases, and the cell-cycle gene coding for the E3 adaptor CDC20 were upregulated in GBM. E3 ligase adaptor genes differentially expressed were also over-represented for the Hippo pathway and were able to distinguish classic, mesenchymal, and proneural subtypes of GBM. Also over-expressed in GBM were PSMB8 and PSMB9, genes encoding subunits of the immunoproteasome. Our transcriptome analysis provides a strong rationale for UPS members as attractive therapeutic targets for the development of more effective treatment strategies in malignant glioma.
Graphical abstract
Ubiquitin proteasome system and glioblastoma:
E1—ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E2—ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E3—ubiquitin ligase. Ubiquitinated substrates of E3 ligases may be degraded by the proteasome. Expression of genes for specific E2 conjugases, E3 ligases, and genes for proteasome subunits may serve as differential markers of subtypes of glioblastoma.
Biodiesel production from transesterification of Australian Brassica napus L. oil: optimisation and reaction kinetic model development
Authors: Hazrat M. A. , Rasul M. G. , Khan M. M. K. , Ashwath N. , Fattah I. M. R. , Ong Hwai Chyuan , Mahlia T. M. I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEdible oil-based feedstocks based biodiesel is still leading the industry around the world. Canola oil (Brassica napus L.) contributes significantly to that race. Process optimisation and the development of reaction kinetic models of edible oil feedstocks are still required since the knowledge of kinetics is needed for designing industrial facilities and evaluating the performance of catalysts during transesterification or other related processes in a biorefinery. This research focuses on the transesterification process for biodiesel production because of its higher output efficiency, reactivity with feedstock, techno-economic feasibility in terms of FFA content, and environmental sustainability. The response surface method with the Box–Behnken model was used to optimise the process. Multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also performed to investigate the effectiveness of the regression model. The optimal process conditions were found to be 5.89 M methanol, 0.5% (w/w) KOH, 60 °C and 120 min. The predicted yield was 99.5% for a 95% confidence interval (99.1, 99.9). The experimental yield was 99.6% for these conditions. Two different kinetic models were also developed in this study. The activation energy was 16.9% higher for the pseudo-first-order irreversible reaction than for the pseudo-homogenous irreversible reaction. Such a comprehensive analysis will assist stakeholders in evaluating the technology for industrial development in biodiesel fuel commercialisation.
Realising Meaningful Human Control Over Automated Driving Systems: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: de Sio Filippo Santoni , Mecacci Giulio , Calvert Simeon , Heikoop Daniel , Hagenzieker Marjan , van Arem Bart 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe paper presents a framework to realise “meaningful human control” over Automated Driving Systems. The framework is based on an original synthesis of the results of the multidisciplinary research project “Meaningful Human Control over Automated Driving Systems” lead by a team of engineers, philosophers, and psychologists at Delft University of the Technology from 2017 to 2021. Meaningful human control aims at protecting safety and reducing responsibility gaps. The framework is based on the core assumption that human persons and institutions, not hardware and software and their algorithms, should remain ultimately—though not necessarily directly—in control of, and thus morally responsible for, the potentially dangerous operation of driving in mixed traffic. We propose an Automated Driving System to be under meaningful human control if it behaves according to the relevant reasons of the relevant human actors (tracking), and that any potentially dangerous event can be related to a human actor (tracing). We operationalise the requirements for meaningful human control through multidisciplinary work in philosophy, behavioural psychology and traffic engineering. The tracking condition is operationalised via a proximal scale of reasons and the tracing condition via an evaluation cascade table. We review the implications and requirements for the behaviour and skills of human actors, in particular related to supervisory control and driver education. We show how the evaluation cascade table can be applied in concrete engineering use cases in combination with the definition of core components to expose deficiencies in traceability, thereby avoiding so-called responsibility gaps. Future research directions are proposed to expand the philosophical framework and use cases, supervisory control and driver education, real-world pilots and institutional embedding
Phenomenological reflections on grief during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ratcliffe Matthew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses how and why social restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic have affected people’s experiences of grief. To do so, I adopt a broadly phenomenological approach, one that emphasizes how our experiences, thoughts, and activities are shaped by relations with other people. Drawing on first-person accounts of grief during the pandemic, I identify two principal (and overlapping) themes: (a) deprivation and disruption of interpersonal processes that play important roles in comprehending and adapting to bereavement; (b) disturbance of an experiential world in the context of which loss is more usually recognized and negotiated. The combination, I suggest, can amount to a sort of “grief within grief”, involving a sense of stasis consistent with clinical descriptions of prolonged grief disorder.
Reproductive Burden and Its Impact on Female Labor Market Outcomes in India: Evidence from Longitudinal Analyses
Authors: Tiwari Chhavi , Goli Srinivas , Rammohan Anu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe use nationally representative data from two waves of the Indian Human Development Survey to examine the role of inter-temporal changes in fertility behavior in influencing female labor market outcomes. Our multivariate regression estimates show that an increase in the number of children reduces labor force participation and earnings. We further investigated the impact of fertility changes on transitions from the labor market. The results show that women who had more than three children in both rounds of the survey had a 3.5% points higher probability of exiting from the labor market than their counterparts with two or fewer children net of other socio-demographic factors. Disaggregated analyses by caste, economic, educational status, and region show that the probability of dropping out of the labor market due to fertility changes varies by region and is greater for non-poor and primary to secondary schooling women and those from socially disadvantaged castes than poor, non-educated, and socially advantageous women.
Starting high school? On the origins of secondary education in Spain, 1857–1901
Authors: Insa-Sánchez Pau , Díez-Minguela Alfonso 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of modern educational systems radically altered the way knowledge and skills were transmitted. Yet, while elementary schooling rapidly expanded in late 19th and early twentieth centuries, secondary education struggled to find its way. This was also the case in Spain where, despite a growing demand, the provision of public secondary education during the second half of the 19th century was rather limited. As a result, private education, and especially that promoted by the Church, rushed to fill in the gap. Using a new database with municipal-level data, we examine what drove the expansion of private schools. As expected, demand-pull factors were critical. Still, the interplay between local forces and private agents should not be overlooked, especially as the State lacked the financial muscle and political will to broaden access to secondary education, whereas the Church was searching for a niche from which to consolidate its position in the nascent liberal society.