bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial cardiomyopathy: from cell to bedside
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Ning Yuye , Tse Gary , Saguner Ardan M. , Wei Meng , Day John D. , Luo Guogang , Li Guoliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAtrial cardiomyopathy refers to structural and electrical remodelling of the atria, which can lead to impaired mechanical function. While historical studies have implicated atrial fibrillation as the leading cause of cardioembolic stroke, atrial cardiomyopathy may be an important, underestimated contributor. To date, the relationship between atrial cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and cardioembolic stroke remains obscure. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of atrial cardiomyopathy, with a special focus on neurohormonal and inflammatory mechanisms, as well as the role of adipose tissue, especially epicardial fat in atrial remodelling. It reviews the current evidence implicating atrial cardiomyopathy as a cause of embolic stroke, with atrial fibrillation as a lagging marker of an increased thrombogenic atrial substrate. Finally, it discusses the potential of antithrombotic therapy in embolic stroke with undetermined source and appraises the available diagnostic techniques for atrial cardiomyopathy, including imaging techniques such as echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging as well as electroanatomic mapping, electrocardiogram, biomarkers, and genetic testing. More prospective studies are needed to define the relationship between atrial cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and embolic stroke and to establish a prompt diagnosis and specific treatment strategies in these patients with atrial cardiomyopathy for the secondary and even primary prevention of embolic stroke.
Sex differences among patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy – from diagnosis to prognosis
Authors: Patel Rishi K. , Ioannou Adam , Razvi Yousuf , Chacko Liza , Venneri Lucia , Bandera Francesco , Knight Daniel , Kotecha Tushar , Martinez‐Naharro Ana , Masi Ambra , Porcari Aldostefano , Brown James , Patel Kiara , Manisty Charlotte , Moon James , Rowczenio Dorota , Gilbertson Janet A. , Sinagra Gianfranco , Lachmann Helen , Wechalekar Ashutosh , Petrie Aviva , Whelan Carol , Hawkins Philip N. , Gillmore Julian D. , Fontana Marianna 
Published: August 2022

AimsTransthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) is predominantly diagnosed in men. The few available studies suggest affected women have a more favourable cardiac phenotype. We aimed to characterize sex differences among consecutive patients with non‐hereditary and two prevalent forms of hereditary (h)ATTR‐CM diagnosed over a 20‐year period.Methods and resultsAnalysis of deep phenotyping at presentation, changes on serial echocardiography and overall prognosis were evaluated. In total, 1732 consecutive patients were studied, comprising: 1095 with wild‐type (wt)ATTR‐CM; 206 with T60A‐hATTR‐CM; and 431 with V122I‐hATTR‐CM. Female prevalence was greater in T60A‐hATTR‐CM (29.6%) and V122I‐hATTR‐CM (27.8%) compared to wtATTR‐CM (6%). At presentation, females were 3.3 years older than males (wtATTR‐CM: 81.9 vs. 77.8 years; T60A‐hATTR‐CM: 68.7 vs. 65.1 years; V122I‐hATTR‐CM: 77.1 vs. 74.9 years). Body size significantly influenced measures of disease severity; when indexed, overall structural and functional phenotype was similar between sexes, the few significant differences suggested a mildly worse phenotype in females. No significant differences were observed in both disease progression on serial echocardiography and mortality across the overall population (p = 0.459) and when divided by genotype (wtATTR‐CM: p = 0.730; T60A‐hATTR‐CM: p = 0.161; V122I‐hATTR‐CM: p = 0.056).ConclusionThis study of a well‐characterized large cohort of ATTR‐CM patients did not demonstrate overall differences between sexes in either clinical phenotype, when indexed, or with respect to disease progression and prognosis. Non‐indexed wall thickness measurements may have contributed to both under‐representation and delays in diagnosis for affected females and highlights the potential role of utilizing indexed echocardiographic parameters for a more accurate assessment of patients at diagnosis and for disease prognostication.
Oxidation Mechanism of 1‐Methyl‐tryptophan and Tryptophan on Glassy Carbon Electrode: A Comparative Study
Authors: Queiroz Nathalia L. , Mendes Carlos H. S. , Nascimento José A. M. , Silva Maycom W. F. , Oliveira José Eudes S. , Oliveira Severino Carlos B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe anodic behaviour of 1‐methyl‐tryptophan (1‐mTrp) in aqueous electrolytes was investigated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), using voltammetric techniques. The oxidation of 1‐mTrp was associated with an electrochemical‐chemical (EC) mechanism: one electron and one proton were removed of C2 to form an intermediate radical, 1‐mTrp⋅. This was followed by a two‐way reaction, producing a 1‐mTrp dimer and/or reaction with water to form a final hydroxylated product. The oxidation mechanism of 1‐mTrp proposed was also compared with the anodic oxidation Trp on GCE. Differential pulse voltammetry was also explored for quantification of Trp and 1‐mTrp in neutral medium with low detection limits, on an anodically pre‐treated GCE.
A High Efficient Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal‐organic Frameworks ZnO/Ag/ZIF‐8 Nanocomposite for Electrochemical Detection of Toxic Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Arabbani Finly K. , Vasu Dhanapal , Sakthinathan Subramanian , Chiu Te‐Wei , Liu Ming‐Che 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel electrochemical sensor on ZIF‐8 nanocomposites (Ag/ZnO/ZIF‐8) was developed to analyze the mercury ions (Hg2+). The ZIF‐8 materials are one of the 3‐dimensional porous metal‐organic frameworks with highly accessible pores and great surface area. The ZIF‐8 nanocomposites were prepared through simple sol‐gel methods and their physio‐chemical properties were characterized via different analytical analyses. As a result of cyclic voltammetry, Ag/ZnO/ZIF‐8 exhibited a better electrocatalytic behavior towards the detection of mercury ions (Hg2+). Furthermore, the composite modified electrode was then inspected as a sensor for DPV detection of mercury ions. The nanocomposite sensor performed a wide linear range from 0.5 μM to 140 μM with a low detection limit of 40 nM, and high sensitivity of 56.06 μA μM−1 cm−2. Moreover, the ZIF‐8 composite sensor showed a higher selectivity toward the detection of mercury ions (Hg2+). The real‐time applications of the ZIF‐8 composites sensor were inspected in various samples with good sensitivity.
The effect of chemical detergents on the decellularization process of olive leaves for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Ahangar Salehani Alireza , Rabbani Mohsen , Biazar Esmaeil , Heidari Keshel Saeed , Pourjabbar Bahareh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe decellularization of plant tissues can be one of the design options of scaffolds in tissue engineering. Chemical detergents such as Triton X‐100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in different concentrations were used to decellularize olive leaves as an acellular plant matrix for tissue engineering. The samples were investigated by different analyses such as Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, SEM, tensile strength, swelling, water vapor transmission, and toxicity. The results of staining and toxicity tests showed that the Triton X‐100 decellularized samples at a concentration of 0.1% had the best morphology and the lowest toxicity. Mechanical results showed that the elasticity modulus of acellular samples was significantly reduced compared to normal leaf samples. While swelling rate and water vapor transmission in acellular samples compared to the control sample doubled and tripled, respectively. In general, acellular olive leaf can be suggested as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications.
A note on statistical tests for homogeneities in multivariate extreme value models for block maxima
Authors: Lilienthal Jona , Zanger Leandra , Bücher Axel , Fried Roland 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMathematical theory suggests to model annual or seasonal maxima by the generalized extreme value distribution. In environmental applications like hydrology, record lengths are typically small, whence respective parameter estimators typically exhibit a large variance. The variance may be decreased by pooling observations from different sites or variables, but this requires to check the validity of the inherent homogeneity assumption. The present paper provides an overview of (partly new) respective asymptotic significance tests. It is found that the tests' levels are often violated in typical finite‐sample situations, whence a parametric bootstrap approach based on max‐stable process models is proposed to obtain more accurate critical values. As a side product, we present an overview of asymptotic results on a variety of common estimators for GEV parameters in a multisample situation of varying record lengths.
Numerical simulation on gas–liquid separation characteristics in a GLCC‐horizontal combined separator
Authors: Ma Hongtao , Zhang Shuhao , Li Yuxing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCurrently, computational fluid dynamics has become the primary method for analyzing the fluid flow state inside the machine. Herein, the Ansys Fluent software is used to design a more effective oil‐field device, namely, a gas–liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC)‐horizontal combined separator. The characteristics of gas–liquid mixed flow, fluid turbulence intensity, and phase volume fraction distribution are analyzed, and the factors affecting the gas–liquid separation efficiency are evaluated under various working conditions. The results show that low gas–liquid separation efficiencies are obtained at inlet liquid ratios (liquid proportion in fluid) of both 30% and 70% in GLCC. After the fluid enters the separator, the maximum level of turbulence in the collision area increases from 2.458 to 3.033 m2/s2 as the inlet liquid ratio is increased from 30% to 70%, with the generation of oil–water and gas–liquid stratification at the back. Furthermore, the maximum gas holdup in the liquid outlet increases from 7% to 12% to 25% as the liquid ratio is increased from 30% to 50% to 70%. With throttling at a liquid ratio of 70%, the maximum gas holdup is again close to 14%.
A Bioavailability Model to Predict the Impact of pH and Dissolved Organic Carbon on Ciprofloxacin Ecotoxicity to the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Zhang Qiyun , Demeestere Kristof , De Schamphelaere Karel A. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a pseudopersistent antibiotic detected in freshwater worldwide. As an ionizable chemical, its fate in freshwater is influenced by water chemistry factors such as pH, hardness, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content. We investigated the effect of pH, DOC, and Ca2+ levels on the toxicity of CIP to Microcystis aeruginosa and developed a bioavailability model on the basis of these experimental results. We found that the zwitterion (CIP+/−) is the most bioavailable species of CIP to M. aeruginosa, whereas DOC is the most dominant factor reducing CIP toxicity, possibly via binding of both CIP+/− and CIP+ to DOC. pH likely also regulates CIP–DOC binding indirectly through its influence on CIP speciation. In addition, higher tolerance to CIP by M. aeruginosa was observed at pH &lt; 7.2, but the underlying mechanism is yet unclear. Calcium was identified as an insignificant factor in CIP bioavailability. When parameterized with the data obtained from toxicity experiments, our bioavailability model is able to provide accurate predictions of CIP toxicity because the observed and predicted total median effective concentrations deviated by &lt;28% from each other. Our model predicts that changes in pH and DOC conditions can affect CIP toxicity by up to 10-fold, suggesting that CIP in many natural environments is likely less toxic than in standard laboratory toxicity experiments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2835–2847. © 2022 SETAC
Hearing impairment, family financial support, and depressive symptoms among Chinese middle‐aged and older adults
Authors: Gao Jiamin , Zhu Dawei , Deal Jennifer A. , Lin Frank R. , He Ping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsHearing impairment (HI) is prevalent among middle‐aged and older adults, but few studies have examined its mental health consequences in China. This study investigated the association of HI with depressive symptoms and whether family financial support moderated the association among adults aged 45 in China.MethodsData were obtained from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011, 2013 and 2015). Hearing impairment was defined as a self‐reported hearing problem in one or both ears. Depressive symptoms were measured with CESD‐10. Associations between HI and depressive symptoms were modeled using fixed‐effect models.ResultsPeople with self‐reported hearing loss were more likely than those without hearing loss to have depressive symptoms, with an odds ratio of 1.25 [1.07–1.47]. The association remained significant after adjusting for socio‐demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and health conditions. Family financial support moderated this association. Among those with HI, adults with a higher level of family financial support tend to have better performance on symptoms of depression.ConclusionsHI was positively associated with depressive symptoms among adults aged ≥45 in China, and family financial support played a buffering role in the relationship between HI and depressive symptoms.
Government policy, filial piety, and foreign direct investment
Authors: Ma Pengcheng , Cui Lin , Dong Meitong , Liao Yi‐Chuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study investigates formal institutional pressure from government policy, informal institutional pressure from filial piety, and their interaction effect on firms' internationalization strategy. We argue that, while influenced by independent policy and cultural effects, firms also exercise agency when responding to these competing institutional pressures. We find empirical support for the influence of policy and cultural effects on firms' foreign direct investment (FDI). We also find that, in making decisions about FDIs, state‐owned enterprises are more sensitive to government policy, whereas family businesses are more sensitive to filial piety.Managerial SummaryThis study reveals that firms' strategies in complex institutional environments are influenced by their needs for formal and informal institutional legitimacy. Managers can exercise agency by weighing the importance of formal and informal legitimacy differently and therefore vary in their responses to institutional pressures. However, managerial agency is bound by firm ownership type. Managers of state‐owned firms prioritize formal institutional legitimacy, while their family business counterparts attend more to informal institutional legitimacy. Policymakers should be aware of this important difference between types of firms, which allows them to address noncompliance in a culturally sensitive and ultimately more effective way.
Posttreatment FDG‐PET/CT Hopkins criteria predict locoregional recurrence after definitive radiotherapy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Miller Jacob A. , Moradi Farshad , Sundaram Vandana , Liang Rachel , Zhang Carrie , Nguyen Ngan Kim , Akhtar Faisal , Liu Yuhan , Ren Yulan , Harandi Nima , Weng Yingjie , Pollom Erqi L. , Colevas Alexander Dimitrios , Divi Vasu , Holsinger Floyd Christopher , Beadle Beth M. , Le Quynh‐Thu , Gensheimer Michael F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic response assessment for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) aids in identifying locoregional persistence/recurrence (LRR). The Hopkins Criteria are a standardized qualitative response assessment system using posttreatment FDG‐PET/CT.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with node‐positive OPSCC treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy. We assessed Hopkins Criteria performance for LRR, then developed and validated a competing‐risks model.ResultsBetween 2004 and 2018, 259 patients were included with median follow‐up of 43 months. The Hopkins Criteria sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 68%, 88%, 95%, and 85%. The 36‐month cumulative incidence of LRR was greater with positive scores (45% vs. 5%, HR 12.60, p < 0.001). PET/CTs performed ≤10 weeks after radiotherapy were associated with a four‐fold increase in pathologically negative biopsies/surgeries (36% vs. 9%, p = 0.03). The AUC for LRR was 0.89 using a model integrating the Hopkins score.ConclusionsThe Hopkins Criteria predict LRR with high accuracy for OPSCC response assessment.
Transposition nasolabial flap: A versatile flap for sensate reconstruction of lip defects
Authors: Mishra Aseem , Shankar Ravi , Prakash Gautam , Banerjee Sudeshna , Daga Dipti , Birmiwal Krishna Gopal , Tiwari Neelesh , Gupta Monika , Sahu Guru Charan , Das Abhishek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionLip reconstruction aims at maintaining the function and aesthetics of the facial subunits. Sensation in the reconstructed lip helps in bolus formation, tactile discrimination, and thermal sensation. In this study, we aim to describe random pattern nasolabial flap for lip reconstruction using various functional parameters.MethodologyThis is a retrospective study of 22 patients with carcinoma lip who underwent surgical resection and reconstruction with sensate nasolabial flap. Several clinicopathological parameters were studied. Outcome parameters like oral competence, tactile sensation, thermal sensitivity of reconstructed lip and speech outcomes were evaluated.ResultA functional outcome with 2–4 mm of two‐point discrimination was obtained in 19 patients. All patients had intelligible speech. A mean sulcus depth of 19.59 mm was achieved. One patient had partial flap loss owing to wound infection.ConclusionRandom pattern senate nasolabial flap offers a good functional outcome by maintaining the tactile and thermal sensitivity.
Enhanced mitochondrial activity reshapes a gut microbiota profile that delays NASH progression
Authors: Juárez‐Fernández María , Goikoetxea‐Usandizaga Naroa , Porras David , García‐Mediavilla María Victoria , Bravo Miren , Serrano‐Maciá Marina , Simón Jorge , Delgado Teresa C. , Lachiondo‐Ortega Sofía , Martínez‐Flórez Susana , Lorenzo Óscar , Rincón Mercedes , Varela‐Rey Marta , Abecia Leticia , Rodríguez Héctor , Anguita Juan , Nistal Esther , Martínez‐Chantar María Luz , Sánchez‐Campos Sonia 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims:
Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction promotes progression to NASH by aggravating the gut‐liver status. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we hypothesized that enhanced mitochondrial activity might reshape a specific microbiota signature that, when transferred to germ‐free (GF) mice, could delay NASH progression.

Approach and Results:
Wild‐type and methylation‐controlled J protein knockout (MCJ‐KO) mice were fed for 6 weeks with either control or a choline‐deficient, L‐amino acid–defined, high‐fat diet (CDA‐HFD). One mouse of each group acted as a donor of cecal microbiota to GF mice, who also underwent the CDA‐HFD model for 3 weeks. Hepatic injury, intestinal barrier, gut microbiome, and the associated fecal metabolome were then studied. Following 6 weeks of CDA‐HFD, the absence of methylation‐controlled J protein, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I activity, reduced hepatic injury and improved gut‐liver axis in an aggressive NASH dietary model. This effect was transferred to GF mice through cecal microbiota transplantation. We suggest that the specific microbiota profile of MCJ‐KO, characterized by an increase in the fecal relative abundance of Dorea and Oscillospira genera and a reduction in AF12, Allboaculum, and [Ruminococcus], exerted protective actions through enhancing short‐chain fatty acids, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism, and sirtuin activity, subsequently increasing fatty acid oxidation in GF mice. Importantly, we identified Dorea genus as one of the main modulators of this microbiota‐dependent protective phenotype.

Conclusions:
Overall, we provide evidence for the relevance of mitochondria–microbiota interplay during NASH and that targeting it could be a valuable therapeutic approach.
Development and application of a prioritization and rehabilitation decision support tool for uncontrolled waste disposal sites in developing countries
Authors: Massoud May A. , Abdallah Chadi , Merhbi Farouk , Khoury Ricardo , Ghanem Rachad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The uncontrolled dumping of solid waste is widespread in many developing countries with most of all generated wastes being indiscriminately disposed of in an unsanitary manner that entails significant environmental and public health risks. It is imperative to prioritize dumpsites based on their relative risks so that the necessary control and remedial measures can be undertaken. This research aimed to formulate a pragmatic prioritization and rehabilitation decision tool that can be utilized in low- and middle-income countries to guide decision makers in prioritizing dumpsites for remediation and in identifying the most suitable rehabilitation option for municipal as well as construction and demolition waste. The established prioritization model presents an integrated, risk-based approach to developing a decision-making tool for dumpsite prioritization and rehabilitation. The rehabilitation tool drew on a decision tree module to develop the appropriate remedial measures required for each site. The model proved to be effective in prioritizing uncontrolled solid waste disposal sites in Lebanon and for adopting control and remedial measures that can considerably improve decision-making. The improper disposal of solid waste adversely affects public health and the environment in, to a greater or lesser extent, almost all low- and middle-income countries. Considering that it is unfeasible to remediate all uncontrolled solid waste disposal sites at once, the proposed model facilitates the evaluation process by prioritizing sites for closure and remediation based on their relative risks. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:436–445. © 2022 SETAC