bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyberfeminism: A Relationship between Cyberspace, Technology, and the Internet
Authors: Toto Giusi Antonia , Scarinci Alessia 
Published: March 2022

The current of cyberfeminism has been active for 30 years now, also referred to as the “third wave” of feminism. Despite being an ambiguous and multifaceted movement involving multiple instances, cyberfeminism is represented in the imagination by women with strong knowledge of media and digital technologies. The purpose of this article is to analyze the socially and culturally constructed value that the media assume in this movement. The very concept of identity is undergoing a phenomenon of control whereby it is redefined by “control grids” (D. Haraway) that prevent free access to participation in life on the web. The utopian theories of feminists actually alternate with fundamental gender analyses within cyberspace that determine the amount of access to resources. The last phase of this phenomenon is instead characterized by the intent to break down gender inequalities through a series of digital products that produce changes in common perceptions: online magazines, YouTube channels, webinars, and entrepreneurship actions on the web. New media and, more generally, access to information are fundamental to social and political participation, in which the phenomenon of exclusion or production of inequalities is more visible. Gender divisions on the web also reinforce sociocultural barriers and sometimes create regressive and destructive forms of social bonds. Globalization also affects these dynamics and accentuates exaggerated forms of individualism and cognitive stiffening, which further accentuate the distinctive traits of gender inequalities in cyberspace.
Detection of setup errors with a body‐surface laser‐scanning system for whole‐breast irradiation after breast‐conserving surgery
Authors: Jiang Ping , Liu Ziyi , Jiang Weijuan , Qu Ang , Sun Haitao , Wang Junjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeWe compared the setup errors determined by an optical imaging system (OSIS) in women who received breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) followed by whole‐breast radiotherapy (WBRT) with those from cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) carried out routinely.MethodsWe compared 130 setup errors in 10 patients undergoing WBRT following BCS by analyzing the translational and rotational couch shifts via CBCT and OSIS. Patients were treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The patient outline extracted from the planning reference Computed tomography (CT) was used as the reference for OSIS and CBCT alignment during treatment. We detected the setup uncertainty using CBCT and OSIS at the first five fractionations of RT and then twice a week.ResultsThe absolute translational setup error (mean ± Standard deviation (SD)) in x (lateral), y (longitudinal), and z (vertical) axes detected by the OSIS was 0.14 ± 0.18, 0.15 ± 0.14, and 0.13 ± 0.13 cm, respectively. The rotational setup error (mean ± SD) in Rx (pitch), Ry (roll), and Rz (yaw) axes was 0.77 ± 0.54, 0.76 ± 0.61, and 1.23 ± 0.95, respectively. Significant difference is observed only in one direction (Rx, p = 0.03) in the paired setup errors obtaining from OSIS and CBCT, without significant differences in five directions.ConclusionOSIS is a repeatable and reliable system that can be used to detect misalignments with accuracy, which is capable of supplementing CBCT for WBRT after BCS. We believe that an OSIS may be easier to use, quicker, and reduce overall dose as this method of patient alignment does not require ionizing radiation.
Carbon Dots as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Cancer‐Related Anemia
Authors: Xu Yuanlin , Wang Boyang , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Jingxin , Li Yudong , Jia Peijun , Zhang Huan , Duan Lulu , Li Yan , Li Yating , Qu Xiaoli , Wang Shihui , Liu Donghao , Zhou Wenping , Zhao Huizhi , Zhang Hengchao , Chen Lixiang , An Xiuli , Lu Siyu , Zhang Shijie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to the adverse effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on cancer patient survival, it is necessary to develop new agents that can be used to efficiently manage and treat cancer‐related anemia. In this study, novel distinctive carbon dots, J‐CDs, derived from jujube are designed, synthesized, and characterized. Based on the obtained results, this material comprises sp2 and sp3 carbon atoms, as well as oxygen/nitrogen‐based groups, and it specifically promotes the proliferation of erythroid cells by stimulating the self‐renewal of erythroid progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, J‐CDs have no discernible effects on tumor proliferation and metastasis, unlike EPO. Transcriptome profiling suggests that J‐CDs upregulate the molecules involved in hypoxia response, and they also significantly increase the phosphorylation levels of STAT5, the major transducer of signals for erythroid progenitor cell proliferation. Overall, this study demonstrates that J‐CDs effectively promote erythrocyte production without affecting tumor proliferation and metastasis; thus, they may be promising agents for the treatment of cancer‐related anemia.
V2O3–Li3PO4 Composite: A New Type of Cathodic Active Material for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tang Anping , Liang Ziqin , Chen Hezhang , Xu Guorong , Song Haishen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA new type of cathodic active material for lithium‐ion batteries based on a composite of Li3PO4 and V2O3 is proposed in this work. Although the V2O3 component is almost inactive in the voltage range of 2–4.5 V versus Li+/Li, the mixture of the two components can deliver a larger reversible specific capacity of ≈190 mA h g−1 in the voltage range of 2–4.5 V at a current density of 15 mA g−1. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data and cyclic voltammetry data suggest that the vanadium ions are probably oxidized and reduced repetitively upon cycling and that the V3+ ions are partially oxidized to V4+ and even V5+ ions during charging to 4.5 V. This distinctive lithium‐ion uptake and release phenomenon, in which Li3PO4 functions as a lithium source of surface conversion reaction, will introduce a new path for designing unique cathodic active materials for lithium‐ion batteries.
Comparative Analysis of the Near‐ and Far‐Field Optical Response of Thin Plasmonic Nanostructures
Authors: Zundel Lauren , Gieri Paul , Sanders Stephen , Manjavacas Alejandro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNanostructures made of metallic materials support collective oscillations of their conduction electrons, commonly known as surface plasmons. These modes, whose characteristics are determined by the material and morphology of the nanostructure, couple strongly to light and confine it into subwavelength volumes. Of particular interest are metallic nanostructures for which the size along one dimension approaches the nanometer or even the subnanometer scale, since such morphologies can lead to stronger light–matter interactions and higher degrees of confinement than regular three‐dimensional nanostructures. Here, the plasmonic response of metallic nanodisks of varying thicknesses and aspect ratios is investigated under far‐ and near‐field excitation conditions. It is found that, for far‐field excitation, the strength of the plasmonic response of the nanodisk increases with its thickness, as expected from the increase in the number of conduction electrons in the system. However, for near‐field excitation, the plasmonic response becomes stronger as the thickness of the nanodisk is reduced. This behavior is attributed to the higher efficiency with which a near‐field source couples to the plasmons supported by thinner nanodisks. The results of this work advance the understanding of the plasmonic response of thin metallic nanostructures, thus increasing their potential for the development of novel applications.
Geminate and Nongeminate Pathways for Triplet Exciton Formation in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Privitera Alberto , Grüne Jeannine , Karki Akchheta , Myers William K. , Dyakonov Vladimir , Nguyen Thuc‐Quyen , Riede Moritz K. , Friend Richard H. , Sperlich Andreas , Gillett Alexander J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) have recently shown a rapid improvement in their performance, bringing power conversion efficiencies to above 18%. However, the open‐circuit voltage of OSCs remains low relative to their optical gap and this currently limits efficiency. Recombination to spin‐triplet excitons is a key contributing factor, and is widely, but not universally, observed in donor–acceptor blends using both fullerene and nonfullerenes as electron acceptors. Here, an experimental framework that combines time‐resolved optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopies to detect triplet excitons and identify their formation mechanisms, is reported. The methodology is applied to two well‐studied polymer:fullerene systems, PM6:PC60BM and PTB7‐Th:PC60BM. In contrast to the more efficient nonfullerene acceptor systems that show only triplet states formed via nongeminate recombination, the fullerene systems also show significant triplet formation via geminate processes. This requires that geminate electron–hole pairs be trapped long enough to allow intersystem crossing. It is proposed that this is a general feature of fullerene acceptor systems, where isolated fullerenes are known to intercalate within the alkyl sidechains of the donor polymers. Thus, the study demonstrates that engineering good donor and acceptor domain purity is key for suppressing losses via triplet excitons in OSCs.
Electrochemically Driven Interfacial Transformation For High‐Performing Solar‐To‐Fuel Electrocatalytic Conversion
Authors: Wulan Bari , Zhao Lanling , Tan Dongxing , Cao Xueying , Ma Jizhen , Zhang Jintao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) suffers from poor selectivity with low Faradaic efficiency and limited current density due to the lack of advanced electrocatalysts. Herein, it is demonstrated that the electrochemically driven interfacial transformation of bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanorods enables the in situ formation of a 3D bismuth nanosheet network (BiNN) on functionalized carbon fibers (BiNN‐CFs). Notably, the formation of an ideal heterojunction with self‐driven charge migration facilitates the composition conversion with rapid reduction of Bi2S3 nanorods in seconds. The functionalization of CFs via Joule heating of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating induces an interfacial interaction for the simultaneous morphology evolution into the hierarchical BiNN via the recrystallization process. More importantly, the hierarchical BiNN‐CFs display improved performance for the CO2RR, including reasonable selectivity for formate generation (≈92%) in the broad potential range, a large partial current density of 419 mA cm–2, and good long‐term stability. Theoretical understanding elucidates that the lattice distortion tunes the p‐band center for optimizing the intermediate adsorption, and thus improving the electrocatalytic activity. Of particular note, the solar‐driven CO2–H2O full cell also demonstrates a promising energy conversion efficiency of 13.3%. These advances demonstrate the large space to optimize electrocatalysis that stems from the rational regulation of interfacial structure and properties.
“One Stone Two Birds” Design for Dual‐Functional TiO2‐TiN Heterostructures Enabled Dendrite‐Free and Kinetics‐Enhanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Xue Pan , Zhu Kaiping , Gong Wenbin , Pu Jun , Li Xiyao , Guo Can , Wu Liyun , Wang Ran , Li Hongpeng , Sun Jingyu , Hong Guo , Zhang Qiang , Yao Yagang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage systems owing to their remarkable theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg‐1) and low cost. However, sluggish electrochemical kinetics, lithium polysulfides (LiPS) shuttling, and uncontrollable Li dendrite growth seriously hamper the commercial application of LSBs. Herein, dual‐functional 3D interconnected free‐standing fibers embedded with TiO2‐TiN heterostructures as an advanced skeleton are designed for concurrently regulating both the sulfur cathode (S/hollow TiO2‐TiN) and Li anode (Li/solid TiO2‐TiN). As a cathode skeleton, the hollow TiO2‐TiN fibers afford synergistic functions of chemical anchoring, physical confinement, and excellent electrocatalysis for LiPS. Meanwhile, the multifunctional skeleton with remarkable lithiophilicity and high conductivity can accomplish uniform Li deposition and homogeneous Li ion flux for inhibiting the growth of dendrites. Benefiting from these advantages, the full battery (S/hollow TiO2‐TiN || Li/solid TiO2‐TiN) exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, including high cycling stability (988.8 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.5 C) and impressive rate properties (639.3 mAh g−1 at 2 C). This work inaugurates a novel strategy from experimental and theoretical aspects for fabricating LSBs with robust electrochemical performance.
Cu2O−CD nanosuperstructures as a Biomimetic Catalyst for Oxidation of Benzylic sp3 C−H bonds and Secondary Amines using Molecular Oxygen: First Total Synthesis of proposed Swerilactone O
Authors: Pawar Shweta A. , Poojari Sandhya V. , Vijay Kumar A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCu2O−cyclodextrin (Cu2O−CD) nanosuperstructures catalyzed oxidation of benzylic sp3 C−H bonds and secondary amines via C−H bond activation is demonstrated in this protocol. Cu2O−CD nanosuperstructures displayed excellent catalytic activity for the oxidative transformation of substrates in combination with a radical promoter N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) and molecular oxygen as the green oxidant to afford the corresponding oxidized products with high selectivity and excellent yields. Moreover, the nanosuperstructures were found to be stable during the reaction, easy to recover, and recyclable up to three cycles to afford the products consistently with no loss of catalytic activity. The remarkable feature of this protocol is that the catalyst Cu2O−CD remained intact even after three cycles without undergoing over‐oxidation or any phase changes. The phase purity of Cu2O was ascertained by various characterization techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) analysis. Furthermore, to gain more detailed insights into the reaction mechanism, oxygen labelled catalyst i. e., Cu218O−CD nanosuperstructures were synthesized using H218O (18‐labelled water) to determine any possible dioxygen exchange mechanism operative by Cu218O oxide thereby ascribing the source of oxygen in the reaction. Several other control experiments such as Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and radical quenching studies established the mechanism to traverse a radical pathway. Additionally, the developed Cu2O−CD catalyst was also showcased to efficiently mimic the activity of the enzyme (S)‐tetrahydroprotoberberine oxidase (STOX) for the biomimetic synthetic transformation of tetrahydropalmatine to palmatine hydroxide. Interestingly, the developed Cu2O−CD mediated benzylic oxidation was used as a key step for the first total synthesis of the natural product Swerilactone O, an unusual secoiridoid with unprecedented C13 skeleton wherein aldol condensation reaction followed by oxidation afforded the natural product in 69% yield for overall steps. The utility of benign, supramolecular, and recyclable catalyst Cu2O−CD for oxidative transformations under aerobic conditions endorses the sustainability of the developed protocol.
A comparison of rectal and oral cultivable microbiota in wild and captive black lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus, Mikan 1823)
Authors: Fatoretto Bruna T. , Gonzalez Irys H. L. , Lima Caio F. d. M. , Monticelli Cauê , Ramos Patrícia L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is an endangered primate species, restricted to the Atlantic Forest fragments of São Paulo state, Brazil, with an estimated wild population of ~1600 individuals. Integrative studies between zoo (ex situ) and wild (in situ) animals are crucial to modern conservation programs. They can demonstrate a substantial impact with the One Health concept, an interdisciplinary research frontier regarding the relations between human, animal, and environmental health. Studies of wild populations ofLeontopithecusspp. are scarce and should be encouraged to provide baseline information to develop preventive and curative medicine in zoos and other conservation programs. Studying these animals in the wild can offer important reference parameters for the species. Comparing bacterial communities between in situ and ex situ populations can help us understand both conditions and the dynamics of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. To increase our understanding of resident microorganisms among these groups, we collected oral and rectal samples from captive (zoo) and wild black lion tamarins. We employed a culture method for the identification of aerobic bacteria. Thirty‐three specimens were sampled (24 zoo and 8 wild animals) and 18 bacterial genera were identified. We found primarily Gram‐positive bacteria in wild animals, whereas in zoo animals, Gram‐negative bacteria were dominant. Some of the bacterial species we identified are potentially pathogenic, whereas several others are being reported here for the first time in this host species. Our results reinforce the importance of integrative studies for the future management and conservation of this endangered primate species.
Ultrafast Electrothermal Flow‐Enhanced Magneto Biosensor for Highly Sensitive Protein Detection in Whole Blood
Authors: Li Jiran , Lillehoj Peter B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCurrent diagnostic tests for sensitive protein detection rely on immunological techniques, such as ELISA, which require sample purification, multiple washing steps and lengthy incubation, hindering their use for rapid testing. Here, we report a simple electrothermal flow‐enhanced biosensor for ultrafast, high sensitivity measurements of protein biomarkers in whole blood. Magnetic nanobeads dually‐labeled with a detection antibody and enzyme reporter are used to form immunocomplexes with the target protein, which are readily transported to the sensor via magnetic concentration. The incorporation of electrothermal flows enhances immunocomplex formation, allowing for rapid and sensitive detection without requiring blood purification or lengthy incubation. Proof of concept was carried out using Plasmodium falciparum histidine‐rich protein 2 (PfHRP2), a malaria parasite biomarker, which could be detected at concentrations as low as 5.7 pg mL−1 (95 fM) in whole blood in 7 min. The speed, sensitivity and simplicity of this device make it attractive for rapid diagnostic testing.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar‐Chiral Macrocycles through Asymmetric Electrophilic Aromatic Amination
Authors: Wang Donglei , Shao Ying‐Bo , Chen Yunrong , Xue Xiao‐Song , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient approach for asymmetric synthesis of planar‐chiral macrocycles (paracyclophanes) has been disclosed through enantioselective electrophilic aromatic aminations with azodicarboxylates enabled by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. A wide range of chiral macrocycles bearing varied ring sizes (16 to 23‐membered) and functional group‐containingansachains were readily afforded using this method, with excellent yields and high enantioselectivities (23 examples, up to 99.5 : 0.5 er). Experimental studies and DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the mechanism and origin of stereoselectivities of these reactions. Preliminary utilization of the planar‐chiral macrocycle as chiral organocatalyst showcased the potential applications of these novel chiral skeletons.
A Bis‐(carbone) Pincer Ligand and Its Coordinative Behavior toward Multi‐Metallic Configurations
Authors: Aweke Bamlaku Semagne , Yu Cheng‐Han , Zhi Minna , Chen Wen‐Ching , Yap Glenn P. A. , Zhao Lili , Ong Tiow‐Gan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCarbones are divalent carbon(0) species that contain two lone pairs of electrons. Herein, we have prepared the first known stable and isolable free bis‐(carbone) pincer framework with a well‐defined solid‐state structure. This bis‐(carbone) ligand is an effective scaffold for forming monometallic (Ni and Pd) and trinuclear heterometallic complexes with Au−Pd−Au, Au−Ni−Au, and Cu−Ni−Cu configurations. Sophisticated quantum‐theoretical analyses found that the metal–metal interactions are too weak to play a significant role in upholding these multi‐metallic configurations; rather, the four lone pairs of electrons within the bis‐(carbone) framework are the main contributors to the stability of the complexes.
Synthesis of Cyclic Allylborates from 1,3‐Dienes and a Diboron Reagent
Authors: Sakuragi Seiya , Akiba Tomofumi , Tanahashi Takumi , Fujihara Tetsuaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of cyclic allylborates was achieved by the reaction of 1,3‐dienes and B2pin2 using a copper catalyst. Several 1,3‐dienes were converted to the corresponding cyclic allylborates in moderate to high yields. The cyclic allylborate obtained could be used in several organic transformations such as allylation of electrophiles and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling.
Counterion‐Paired Bright Heptamethine Fluorophores with NIR‐II Excitation and Emission Enable Multiplexed Biomedical Imaging
Authors: Yang Yang , Sun Caixia , Wang Shangfeng , Yan Kui , Zhao Mengyao , Wu Bin , Zhang Fan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhoton excitation and emission at the NIR‐II spectral window enable high‐contrast deep‐tissue bioimaging. However, multiplexed imaging with NIR‐II excitation and emission has been hampered by the limited chemical strategies to develop bright fluorophores with tunable absorption in this spectral regime. Herein, we developed a series of heptamethine cyanines (HCs) with varied absorption/emission maxima spanning from 1100 to 1600 nm through a physical organic approach. A bulky counterion paired to HCs was found to elicit substantial improvements in absorptivity (7‐fold), brightness (14‐fold), and spectral profiles in water, addressing a notorious quenching problem of NIR‐II cyanines due to aggregation and polarization. We demonstrated the utilities of HC1222 and HC1342 for high‐contrast dual‐color imaging of circulatory system, lymphatic structures, tumor, and organ function in living mice under 1120 nm and 1319 nm excitation, showing HCs as a promising platform for non‐invasive bioimaging.
Light‐Triggered High‐Affinity Binding of Tetramethylammonium over Potassium Ions by [18]crown‐6 in a Tetrahedral Anion Cage
Authors: Wang Yue , Li Boyang , Zhu Jiajia , Zhang Wenyao , Zheng Bo , Zhao Wei , Tang Juan , Yang Xiao‐Juan , Wu Biao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn azobenzene‐functionalized bis‐bis(urea) ligand (Lazo) and phosphate anion assemble to give the first photoactive “aniono” constructs, tetrahedron (A4L6) and helicate (A2L3), which readily undergo interconversion through cis‐trans isomerization of the azo group under irradiation/heating. Most strikingly, the tetrahedral cage can accommodate an [18]crown‐6 molecule, which can capture two tetramethylammonium (TMA+) ions with an unusually high affinity, even capable of replacing K+ in [K([18]crown‐6)]+ to form a {(TMA)2
([18]crown‐6)}
cage “Russian doll” structure. Thus, the current work may provide a model for the light‐driven binding and exchange of the biologically important K+ and TMA+ ions.