bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of the Marketing Challenges Faced by Cashew Farmers in Kombo South District of The Gambia
Authors: Gomez David , Fatty Lamin K. M. , Pinga Esther Seember , Gomez Mariama 
Published: September 2022

Aims: This study examined the marketing challenges faced by cashew farmers in Kombo South District of The Gambia. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the challenges faced by cashew farmers and to identify ways of mitigating them in the study area.
Study Design: Descriptive research design.
Place and Duration of Study: The was conducted in Kombo South District of the Gambia between June and August, 2020.
Methodology: The study included all male and female farmers within the ages of 18-75 years in the villages that constitute the Kombo South District in the Gambia. A sample of 384 cashew famers was selected from a population of 9318 farmers using Taro Yamane formula.
Results: The findings of the study revealed that majority of farmers are affected by unstable domestic market prices of raw cashew nuts, lack of market information, poor road networks, large number of middlemen, lack of modern packaging materials, inadequate storage facilities, weak or no cashew farmer organizations, and the presence of pest and diseases.
Conclusion: The study, therefore recommended that the government and other relevant stakeholders should help in providing timely market information especially with regards to current prices of raw cashew nuts, rehabilitation of road networks and telecommunication systems to allow farmers to verify prices or sell in better markets, provision of modern packaging materials, adequate storage facilities and trainings on formation and management of farmer organizations will be vital for cashew farmers.
Generalized Moment Generating Functions for Some Continuous Multivariate Probability Distributions
Authors: Michael Matthew Chukwuma 
Published: September 2022

The traditional moment generating functions of random variables and their probability distributions are known to not exist for all distributions and/or at all points and, where they exist, serious difficult and tedious manipulations are needed for the evaluation of higher central and non-central moments. This paper developed the generalized multivariate moment generating function for some random vectors/matrices and their probability distribution functions with the intention to replace the traditional/conventional moment generating functions due to their simplicity and versatility. The new functions were developed for the multivariate gamma family of distributions, the multivariate normal and the dirrichlet distributions as a binomial expansion of the expected value of an exponent of a random vector/matrix about an arbitrarily chosen constant. The functions were used to generate moments of random vectors/matrices and their probability distribution functions and the results obtained were compared with those from existing traditional/conventional methods. It was observed that the functions generated same results as the traditional/conventional methods; in addition, they generated both central and non-central moments in the same simple way without requiring further tedious manipulations; they gave more information about the distributions, for instance while the traditional method gives skewness and kurtosis values of and respectively for -variate multivariate normal distribution, the new methods gives ((0))p*1 and respectively and; they could generate moments of integral and real powers of random vectors/matrices.
Performance Evaluation of Tractor Operated Sugarcane Leaf Stripper through Analysis of Effect of Length, Girth and Number of Buds of Sugarcane
Authors: Patel Anurag , Moses Sheen Cline , D’souza Prashant M. , Alam Rana N. 
Published: September 2022

In this present research paper analysis of the performance of tractor-operated sugarcane leaf stripper is performed. India is the second-largest producer of sugarcane and Sugarcane is the most prominent cash crop. The sugarcane harvesting process is labour intensive and takes around 850-1000 working man-hours per hectare when sugarcane is harvested manually and de-trashing alone takes 400 man-hours in manual harvesting procedures for removal of tops.
Mechanized leaf stripper is developed and fabricated to prevent labour and accident and the performance of the machine is evaluated on MCO-238, K-269 and R-94184 variety of sugarcane. The data regarding de-topping time and stripping rate are taken and the effect of parameters namely Length of, Girth and number of Buds of the stalk are evaluated. The machine was operated at a roller speed of rpm. The results showed that length and number of buds affect the stripping time significantly and the length of stalk and girth of the stalk has a significant impact on the stripping rate. For stripping rate the most dominant and significant factor was the length of the stalk: MOC-238 has 62.35% contribution, K-269 has 78.10% contribution and a case of R-94184 has 60.72% contribution. The second significant factors were girth with the contribution of 33.30%, 20.53% and 36.44% contribution in MCO-238, K-269 and R-94184 varieties respectively. The factor, number of buds remained insignificant.
Comparative Study of Nutrient Release Pattern from Nutripellet Pack and Polycoat Paper Encapsulated Fertilizer Pack Placed in Soils
Authors: Muthukrishnan R. , Nandhakumar M. R. , Arulmozhiselvan K. , Padmavathi T. 
Published: September 2022

Nutripellet pack is a tubular assembly composed of fertilizer pellet, manure pellet and bioinoculants. A laboratory electrolyte release study was conducted to assess the extent of nutrient enrichment by nutrient release from encapsulated fertilizer pellet. Nutripellet pack and fertilizer pellet pack was placed in soil, within a closed container. Periodically the entire soil was removed for the estimation of soil reaction (pH), electrical conductivity (EC) and available forms of N, P and K up to 11 weeks after incubation (WAI). Before the analysis the residual encapsulated pellet was removed. The treatments comprising the sources of fertilizers (N for urea, P for DAP or SSP and K for MOP), levels of nutrient release pore (0, 25 micro pores) in fertilizer pellet and Nutripellet pack (fertilizer pellet + manure pellet) placement in sand, red soil and hill soil. High available N, P and K observed with Nutripellet pack with NP (DAP) K was registered in sand, red and hilly soils.
A cirurgia robótica e o processo de enfermagem no período perioperatório: revisão integrativa
Authors: Vitoriano Laís Vilanova T. , Da Palma Sobrinho Natália , Machado Daniel Aragão 
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer a produção científica sobre o processo de enfermagem frente à cirurgia robótica no perioperatório. Método: Revisão integrativa, busca nas bases de dados: US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, realizada entre junho e julho de 2021; 10 artigos selecionados atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Predominaram artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros, com 06 artigos no idioma português, 03 no inglês e 01 artigo no espanhol. Identificou-se duas categorias onde o processo de trabalho da enfermagem está inserido, a assistencial, com foco no intraoperatório e a gerencial com ações para a implementação da cirurgia robótica. Conclusão: A literatura científica ainda é muito voltada para questões de técnicas cirúrgicas, entretanto é possível observar um movimento tímido da enfermagem brasileira nos últimos anos, com discretas publicações sobre a atuação da enfermagem frente à cirurgia robótica.
Efficient Short‐Wave Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Heavy‐Metal‐Free Quantum Dots
Authors: Zhao Xiaofei , Lim Li Jun , Ang Shun Sheng , Tan Zhi‐Kuang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractShort‐wave infrared (SWIR) light emission is important for a diverse range of modern applications, such as eye‐safe depth sensing, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), facial recognition, eye tracking, optical communication, and health‐monitoring technologies. However, there are a very limited number of known semiconductors that can emit efficiently in the SWIR spectral range. Presently, SWIR light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on colloidal quantum dots (CQD) are dominated by lead chalcogenide systems, despite the presence of heavy metal and modest efficiencies. Here, a highly efficient SWIR LED based on heavy‐metal‐free indium arsenide (InAs) core–shell CQDs is presented. In the LED design, the implementation of an otherwise hole‐transporting poly(vinylcarbazole) (PVK) layer on the electron‐injecting side of the device stack leads to a surprising enhancement in device performance, giving remarkably high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 13.3% at 1006 nm. Single‐carrier device and optical investigations reveal the origins of enhancement to be the electronic decoupling of the CQD layer with the electron‐injecting zinc oxide (ZnO) layer, which mitigates luminescence quenching and improves charge balance. This work marks one of the highest efficiencies reported for heavy‐metal‐free solution‐processed LEDs in the SWIR spectral region, and can find significant applications in emerging consumer electronic technologies.
Designing of Interdigitated Coordination Polymer for Fluorogenic Sensing of Pd(II) in Water with Reversible Nonphase Mechanochromism
Authors: Dutta Basudeb , Debsharma Kingshuk , Dey Sunanda , Naaz Sanobar , Sinha Chittaranjan , Mir Mohammad Hedayetullah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present study, a novel interdigitated coordination polymer (CP) [Zn(cit)(4‐nvp)]n (1) is synthesized using citraconic acid (H2cit) and 4‐(1‐naphthylvinyl)pyridine (4‐nvp) mixed ligands. The efficient dipolar interactions between CP and polar solvents cause the observed redshift in emission spectra and rationalize the positive solvatochromism effect with increased Stokes shift (Δδ) from 5643 to 8547 cm−1 on going from less‐polar to more‐polar solvents. Supramolecular assembly of CP acts as a selective optical sensor toward Pd(II) even in the presence of other relevant contending metal ions in water. Inspired from the solution‐phase sensor activity, the CP is further employed for an on‐site and ecologically green contact mode detection of Pd(II) from water upon readily fabricating cost‐effective and portable thin film via simply drop‐casting aqueous suspension of material (1 mm) on filter paper. Interestingly, the compound exhibits the rare mechanochromic behavior upon external pressure. Hence, the synthesized CP reveals sensing activity in diverse way; in one hand, it demonstrates solvatochromism and, in other hand, it unveils mechanochromism accompanied by the detection of Pd(II) in aqueous medium.
Hollow Ni/Co‐MOFs with Controllable Surface Structure as Electrode Materials for High Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Zhiqing , Qu Ning , Lu Wang , Yang Shixuan , Tian Yuhan , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Yingyuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with redox active metal ions and diverse organic linkers have been broadly investigated as the expecting electrode materials for supercapacitors. Here, the hollow Ni/Co‐MOFs with uniform and small protrusions can be obtained by a simple one‐pot solvothermal process, controlling the size of the protrusions on the MOFs surface by regulating the molar ratio between metal ions and trimesic acid linkers. The small protrusions can supply plenty of redox sites for the electrochemical reactions while the hollow spheres should offer sufficient contact area for the electrolyte to reduce the ion transport resistance. The prepared Ni/Co‐MOFs exhibit promising performance in the supercapacitors. The Ni/Co‐MOF with ratio of 1:1 (metal ions:trimesic acid linkers) gives outstanding performance that the specific capacity can reach 828 C g−1 when the current density is 1 A g−1 and the rate capability can reach 68% at 20 A g−1. This work may cast light on tuning the structure of MOFs to boost electrochemical capacity.
Iterative synthesis, structures, and properties of acyclic and cyclic acridone oligomers
Authors: Komori Takashi , Tsurumaki Eiji , Toyota Shinji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAcyclic and cyclic acridone‐2,7‐diyl oligomers were synthesized by an iterative procedure from 10‐mesitylacridone as heteroatom containing π‐conjugated compounds. The oligomeric chain was elongated by a combination of regioselective bromination, borylation, Ni(0)‐mediated homocoupling, and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling up to acyclic hexamer. Subsequently, the cyclic hexamer was synthesized by the bromination and intramolecular coupling of the acyclic hexamer. The DFT calculations revealed that the acyclic oligomers preferred to take extended structures with anti conformations, whereas the cyclic hexamer took a macrocyclic structure with syn conformations. The UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra of the series of oligomers were measured, and the effects of the chain length and the cyclization are discussed in terms of π‐conjugation.
Cancer and chemicals: A research‐inspired laboratory exercise based on the Ames test for mutagenicity
Authors: Large Delaney N. , Van Doorn Nathaniel A. , Timmons Shannon C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLaboratory courses should cultivate enthusiasm for research and an appreciation for real‐world scientific challenges to retain undergraduate students and encourage them to pursue STEM‐related careers. Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CURE) have emerged as an inclusive pedagogical model that facilitates laboratory skill development, while also improving self‐efficacy and critical thinking skills. Herein, an innovative research‐inspired Ames test for mutagenicity project is described. Students choose their own project theme and investigate substances using both TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium to evaluate the potential for frameshift mutations and base‐pair substitutions, respectively. An appropriate test concentration of each substance is first determined via a cytotoxicity assay, providing an additional learning opportunity. Students also study the mutagenicity of test substance metabolites using commercially available rat liver extracts to simulate metabolism. Overall, these experiences provide a comprehensive research project with high relevancy to human health and real‐world importance. This laboratory module was assessed using CURE pre‐ and post‐course surveys to evaluate learning gains and benefits. Assessment data illustrated that students appreciated the discovery aspect of the research project and gained skills related to reading scientific literature and effective poster presentations. Student‐reported benefits of research project participation included learning new laboratory techniques, enhanced scientific writing skills, an increased tolerance for and understanding of common research challenges, and the confidence to tackle more complex research endeavors. Narrative feedback from students was very positive, with project highlights being the opportunity to select their own test substances and create new knowledge, as well as the analysis of results.
Differences in sensitivity to new therapies between primary and metastatic breast cancer: A need to stratify the tumor response?
Authors: Beaumont Hubert , Faye Nathalie , Iannessi Antoine , Chamorey Emmanuel , Klifa Catherine , Hsieh Chih‐Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe compared therapeutic response of Varlitinib + Capecitabine (VC) versus Lapatinib + Capecitabine (LC) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‐positive metastatic breast cancer after trastuzumab therapy by assessing changes in target lesion (TL) diameter and volume per location.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the CT data of the ASLAN001‐003 study (NCT02338245). We analyzed TL size and number at each location focusing on therapeutic response from baseline to Week 12. We used TL diameter and volume to conduct an inter‐arm comparison of the response according to: RECIST 1.1; stratified per TL location and considering TLs independently. Multiple pairwise intra‐arm comparisons of therapeutic responses were performed. Considering TL independently, weighted models were designed by adding weighted mean TL responses grouped by location.ResultsWe evaluated 42 patients (88 TL) and 35 patients (74 TL), respectively, at baseline and Week 12.We found reductions in breast TL burden in the VC arm compared to the LC arm (p = 0.002 (diameter), p < 0.001 (volume)). Responses and TL sizes at baseline were not correlated.Explained variabilities of volume change per TL location, patient and patient:TL interaction were 36%, 10% and 4% (VC), and 13%, 1% and 23%, (LC).A test of inter‐arm difference of responses yielded p = 0.07 (diameter), and p < 0.001 (volume).ConclusionsThe therapeutic responses differed across tumors' locations; the magnitude of the differences of responses across the tumors' locations were drug‐dependent. Stratified analysis of the response by tumor location improved drug comparisons and is a powerful tool to understand TL heterogeneity.
Ulcer in a dialysis patient: Calciphylaxis or something simpler
Authors: Mohamed Amr , Thabet Salem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUlcers in dialysis patients have multiple etiologies; uremic pruritis is common in dialysis patients and is associated with poor outcomes; however, it is more likely to be underdiagnosed as we usually think about more serious etiologies as calciphylaxis. Here, we present a case where uremic pruritis was the leading diagnosis.
Parapharyngeal and floor‐of‐mouth abscess secondary to tonsillar phlegmon: A rare and unusual cause of Ludwig's angina
Authors: Tailor Bhavesh V. , Devakumar Haran , Myuran Tharsika , Ioannidis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present an unusual case of Ludwig's angina secondary to a left tonsillar phlegmon in a previously fit and well 50‐year‐old woman. This tonsillar phlegmon spread along the peritonsillar/parapharyngeal plane to cause a diffuse cellulitis and collection in the submental, sublingual, and submandibular spaces despite empirical intravenous antibiotic therapy.
Multiple sclerosis in sarcoidosis patients: Two case reports
Authors: Etemadifar Masoud , Mehri Armin , Sedaghat Nahad , Salari Mehri , Tavassoli Naini Parsa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo cases of sarcoidosis referred to our clinic with neurological symptoms. They were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis using non‐invasive studies. The first patient refused treatment and died of myocardial infarction 6 months after visiting our clinic. The second received interferon‐beta and methotrexate with a favorable outcome after 3 years. Since the possible similar presentation of the two conditions could appear indistinct for certain diagnosis, accurate evaluation of symptoms and paraclinical data can provide the best approach to each condition.
In‐Situ‐Generated MoO2 on MoS2/ZnO Heterostructures with Enriched S,O‐Vacancies for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Reduction of N2 to NH3
Authors: Chen Shaona , Zhou Zhangyu , Bai Binbin , Dai Zhongxu , Shi Jinjin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a green method for synthesis ammonia under mild condition compared to energy‐intensive Haber‐Bosch process. Herein, a novel heterojunction material (MMZ‐900) is prepared as an excellent electrocatalyst for NRR at 900 °C, which is composed of MoS2, MoO2 and ZnO with nonuniform charge distribution of rich S and O vacancies. As a result, MMZ‐900 exhibits about 8 times higher Faradaic efficiency and 5 times higher NH3 yields for NRR than pure MoS2, respectively. These new insights may open up opportunities for exploiting efficient NRR electrocatalysts by simultaneously improving sulfur and oxygen vacancies on heterojunction material.
Zum Potential unterschiedlicher Methoden beim Einlaminieren struktureller Metallverbinder
Authors: Fildhuth Thiemo , Oppe Matthias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Verbundglas mittels Interlayer einlaminierte, strukturelle Metallverbinder (Fittings) stellen aufgrund ihrer mechanischen und gestalterischen Eigenschaften eine geeignete Fügemethode für lastabtragende Glaskonstruktionen dar. Dabei sind die Vorteile des Klebens für den Lasteintrag in das Glas und die Duktilität des Fittings unter dem Aspekt der Sicherheit nutzbar. Die Fittings werden entweder in taschenartige Aussparungen im Glas oder in den dünnen Raum zwischen zwei Glasscheiben einlaminiert. Anhand zweier ausgeführter Projekte, eines Flagshipstores und einer Glasschale, wird das Tragverhalten der unterschiedlichen Konstruktionsweisen beispielhaft anhand numerischer Analysen, Variantenstudien sowie mittels Bauteilversuchen untersucht.On the potential of various methods of laminating structural glass fittings. Owing to their mechanical and design properties, metallic fittings bonded into laminated glass via the interlayer represent a suitable structural joining method for load bearing glass constructions. The advantages of adhesive bonding for a homogeneous load transfer to the glass and the ductility of the fittings can be exploited with respect to the safety concept. Fittings can either be laminated into pocket‐like cutouts in the center glass layer or into the thin interstice between two glass panes. The examples of two completed projects, a flagship store and a modular glass shell, are presented to investigate the load bearing behavior of these different fitting methods by means of numerical analyses, variant studies and component tests.
Schädigungseffekte in weichen Polymeren für Glasstrukturverbindungen
Authors: Euchler Eric , Bernhardt Ricardo , Schneider Konrad , Wießner Sven , Stommel Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEine typische Verbindungstechnik für Glasstrukturen ist der laminierte Verbund mit weichen polymerbasierten Klebstoffen, wie Silikon. Infolge geometrischer Zwänge im laminierten Verbund, zeigen diese ein spezifisches mechanisches Verhalten: Eine sich unter Deformation einstellende überhöhte Spannungsmehrachsigkeit kann zur Kavitation führen. Zur Beschreibung dieses Schädigungsmechanismus unter praxisrelevanten Bedingungen sind angepasste, innovative Prüfmethoden wie die In situ‐Dilatometrie und Röntgen‐Mikrotomographie erforderlich. Diese sich ergänzenden experimentellen Ansätze ermöglichen sowohl präzise als auch ortsaufgelöste Informationen zur Entwicklung von Kavitäten in weichen Polymeren wie Elastomeren und Klebstoffen.Damage effects in soft polymeric adhesives for glass structure connections. A typical joining technique for glass structures is the laminated joint by soft polymer‐based adhesives such as silicone. As a result of geometric constraints within the laminate, the polymers exhibit specific mechanical behavior: An excessive deformation‐induced stress multiaxiality can lead to cavitation. To describe this damage mechanism under practically relevant conditions, advanced and innovative testing methods, such as in situ dilatometry and X‐ray microtomography, are required. These complementary experimental approaches provide both precise and spatially resolved information on the development of cavities in soft polymers, such as elastomers and adhesives.