bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing statistical downscaling in Argentina: Daily maximum and minimum temperatures
Authors: Balmaceda‐Huarte Rocio , Bettolli María Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmpirical statistical downscaling (ESD) under the perfect prognosis approach was carried out to simulate daily maximum (Tx) and minimum temperatures (Tn) in 101 meteorological stations over the different climatic regions of Argentina. To this end, three ESD families were evaluated: analogs (AN), generalized linear models (GLM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) considering a variety of predictor sets with multiple configurations driven by three different reanalyses (ERA, JRA, NCEP). ESD models were cross‐validated using folds of nonconsecutive years (1979–2014) and then evaluated in a warmer set of years (independent warm period, 2015–2018) to assess their extrapolation capability. Depending on the aspect analysed, AN, GLM or ANN models were more/less skilful, but no method fulfilled all the features of both predicand variables. In this sense, the predictor set and model configuration were key factors. For each ESD method, the different predictor structures (point‐wise, spatial‐wise and combinations of them) introduced the main differences, regardless of the predictand variable, region and reanalysis choice. However, some specific results could be highlighted. ERA (NCEP)‐driven ESD models were the most (least) skilful in representing Tx and Tn. In the case of Tn, models' skills considerably increased when humidity information was included in the predictor set. Our results showed that downscaling models were able to capture the general characteristics of Tx and Tn in all regions, with better performance in the latter variable. However, regions with complex topography (Argentinian Patagonia and the subtropical Andes) pose a further challenge for capturing the local variability of daily extreme temperatures. The performance of the ESD models in the atypical warm conditions was similar to the one during the cross‐validated period, showing some extrapolation skill. The results of this work set a reference for future ESD developments and comparisons in Argentina.
Academic career outcomes of Orthopedic Research and Education Foundation resident grant recipients
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Burgess Regan K. , Nelson Charles L. , Thompson Terry L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Orthopedic Research and Education Foundation (OREF) awards resident research grants to orthopedic surgery residents. Outcomes are lacking for OREF resident grant recipients including academic career choice and scholarly productivity. This was a retrospective cohort study of OREF resident grant recipients (2012–2020). The percentage of OREF resident grant recipients selecting an academic career was compared with the percentage of academic orthopedic surgeons in the United States via a χ2 test. Two hundred and seventy‐six OREF resident grants were issued to 272 orthopedic surgery residents at 73 programs. OREF resident grant recipients were predominantly male (79.0%) and Caucasian (70.2%). OREF resident grant recipients had greater women representation than the national cohort of orthopedic surgery residents (21.0% vs. 16.0%, p = 0.030) with similar proportions of underrepresented racial minorities (29.8% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.351). OREF resident grants consisted of clinical (69.6%) and basic/translational science (30.4%) research and were awarded mostly for sports medicine (25.4%), trauma (18.8%), and adult reconstruction (15.9%) topics. The average h‐index was 8.5 ± 9.2 resulting from 29.5 ± 51.2 manuscripts. The majority of OREF resident grant recipients selected an academic career, which was higher than the national benchmark of academic orthopedic surgeons (63.8% vs. 24.4%, p < 0.001). Two OREF resident grant recipients transitioned to National Institutes of Health research funding (0.7%). Multivariable logistical regression demonstrated two independent characteristics associated with pursuit of a future academic career: female sex (p = 0.042) and higher h‐index values (p = 0.002). Procurement of OREF resident grants is associated with pursuit of an academic career. Clinical significance: There is great interest in fostering the next generation of orthopedic surgeon scientists. Results from this study demonstrate the association between receipt of an OREF resident research grant and pursuit of a future career in academic orthopedic surgery.
Use of compost in the uptake mitigation of arsenic in Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla
Authors: Stazi Silvia Rita , Allevato Enrica , Marabottini Rosita , Digiesi Leonardo , Vannini Andrea , Chilosi Gabriele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundArsenic (As) may represent a risk for crop yield quality and human health since it may accumulate in the edible plant organs with the potential of leading to acute or chronic toxic effects in varied segments of the population. Management of soil fertility through compost has proven to be a valuable practice for increasing and maintaining soil organic matter, with nutritional benefits for crops. This work aimed to evaluate Swiss chard yield and the change in the bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and partitioning of As in the response of the use of compost or conventional mineral fertilization in an open‐field trial conducted in a volcanic area in central Italy characterized by the natural contamination of As in soil.ResultsCompost treatment led to a short‐term increase trend in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus in a significant way. In the compost‐amended plots, the mitigation of the As uptake was detected in leaves, which are the edible part of Swiss chard. The As bioaccumulation factor in leaves of Swiss chard and the translocation factor for leaves/roots were also decreased using compost.ConclusionFertilization by compost can improve soil fertility, sustain Swiss chard production, and mitigate As accumulation in leaves of this crop grown in a naturally As‐contaminated soil. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Biomimetic Hydrogel Scaffolds with Copper Peptide‐Functionalized RADA16 Nanofiber Improve Wound Healing in Diabetes
Authors: Yang Xinlei , Zhang Yu , Huang Cheng , Lu Lei , Chen Junying , Weng Yajun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWound healing in diabetes is retarded by the dysfunctional local microenvironment. Although there are many studies using hydrogels as substitutes for natural extracellular matrices (ECMs), hydrogels that can mimic both the structure and functions of natural ECM remain a challenge. Self‐assembling peptide RADA16 nanofiber has distinct advantages to provide a biomimetic extracellular matrix nanofiber structure. However, it still lacks biological cues to promote angiogenesis that is of vital significance for diabetic wound healing. With a customized copper peptide glycyl‐histidyl‐lysine (GHK) functionalized RADA16, an integrated approach using functionalized RADA16 nanofiber to chelate copper ion, is innovatively proposed in this present study. The acquired composite hydrogel holds the biomimetic nanofiber architecture, and exhibits promoting angiogenesis by both enhancing adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells (EC) in vitro and neovascularization in vivo. It shows that the functionalized nanofiber scaffolds significantly accelerated wound closure, collagen deposition, and tissue remodeling both in healthy and diabetic mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis give evidence that an upregulated expression of eNOS and CD31 in the copper peptide‐functionalized RADA16 treated group. It can be envisioned that this scaffold can serve as a promising dressing for diabetic wound healing.
Downregulation of ammonium uptake improves the growth and tolerance of Kluyveromyces marxianus at high temperature
Authors: Ai Yi , Luo Tongyu , Yu Yao , Zhou Jungang , Lu Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe growth and tolerance of Kluyveromyces marxianus at high temperatures decreased significantly in the synthetic medium (SM), which is commonly used in industrial fermentations. After 100 days of adaptive laboratory evolution, a strain named KM234 exhibited excellent tolerance at a high temperature, without loss of its growth ability at a moderate temperature. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the KM234 strain decreased the expression of the ammonium (NH4+) transporter gene MEP3 and increased the synthesis of the amino acid carbon backbone, which may contribute greatly to the high‐temperature growth phenotype. High NH4+ content in SM significantly increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production at high temperatures and thus caused toxicity to yeast cells. Replacing NH4+ with organic nitrogen sources or increasing the concentration of potassium ions (K+) in the medium restored the growth of the wild‐type K. marxianus at a high temperature in SM. We also showed that the NH4+ toxicity mitigated by K+ might closely depend on the KIN1 gene. Our results provide a practical solution to industrial fermentation under high‐temperature conditions.
Role of vitamin D3 in tumor aggressiveness and radiation response for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ping‐Tsung , Hsieh Ching‐Chuan , Chen Miao‐Fen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLocoregional control is a significant prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Historically, the use of radiotherapy (RT) for HCC was limited owing to the low radiotolerance of the liver and the need for high RT doses for disease control. We aimed to examine if 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) has a role in the tumor inhibition and the radiation response of HCC in vitro and in vivo, and explore the underlying mechanisms. The human and murine liver cancer cell lines were selected for cellular and animal experiments to investigate the changes in tumor characteristics and the radiation response after calcitriol supplementation. The effects induced by calcitriol supplementation on interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) signaling and the tumor immune microenvironment following RT were also examined. Our data revealed that calcitriol supplementation attenuated tumor aggressive behavior, decrease IL‐6 expression, and augmented radiation‐induced tumor inhibition. The biological changes following calcitriol treatment included suppressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, attenuated cancer stem cell‐like properties and increased radiation‐induced reactive oxygen species and cell death in vitro. Regarding immune microenvironment, calcitriol attenuated the recruitment of myeloid‐derived suppressor cell (MDSC) recruitment and increased the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells in tumor following RT. Furthermore, When the primary liver tumor was irradiated with larger dose per fraction, calcitriol induced a smaller size of synchronous unirradiated tumor in mice, which linked with attenuated IL‐6 signaling and MDSC recruitment. In conclusion, calcitriol treatment reduced tumor aggressiveness and enhanced the radiation response. The inhibited IL‐6 signaling and subsequently enhanced antitumor immunity might be responsible to augment radiation‐induced tumoricidal effect induced by calcitriol. Based on our results, we suggest that calcitriol could exert the antitumor and radiosensitization effects for HCC, especially for multifocal tumors.
Sign coherence factor‐based double‐stage delay multiply and sum beamforming algorithm for breast cancer detection
Authors: Hao Si‐Si , Li Jian‐Ying , Feng Yao , Yu Xu‐Jing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe delay‐multiply‐and‐sum (DMAS) beamforming algorithm has been extensively used in medical imaging. In this study, we proposed a fast double‐stage DMAS beamformer for breast cancer detection, combined with the sign coherence factor (SCF), namely SCF‐DMAS. The performance of this method was evaluated on a three‐dimensional‐printed breast phantom surrounded by evenly spaced circular array antennas. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other beamformers involved with respect to the signal‐to‐clutter Ratio, signal‐to‐mean ratio, and localization error. To summarize, the SCF‐DMAS improves the resolution and sidelobe suppression without significantly increasing the computational complexity.
Nested block self‐attention multiple resolution residual network for multiorgan segmentation from CT
Authors: Jiang Jue , Elguindi Sharif , Berry Sean L. , Onochie Ifeanyirochukwu , Cervino Laura , Deasy Joseph O. , Veeraraghavan Harini 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundFast and accurate multiorgans segmentation from computed tomography (CT) scans is essential for radiation treatment planning. Self‐attention(SA)‐based deep learning methodologies provide higher accuracies than standard methods but require memory and computationally intensive calculations, which restricts their use to relatively shallow networks.PurposeOur goal was to develop and test a new computationally fast and memory‐efficient bidirectional SA method called nested block self‐attention (NBSA), which is applicable to shallow and deep multiorgan segmentation networks.MethodsA new multiorgan segmentation method combining a deep multiple resolution residual network with computationally efficient SA called nested block SA (MRRN‐NBSA) was developed and evaluated to segment 18 different organs from head and neck (HN) and abdomen organs. MRRN‐NBSA combines features from multiple image resolutions and feature levels with SA to extract organ‐specific contextual features. Computational efficiency is achieved by using memory blocks of fixed spatial extent for SA calculation combined with bidirectional attention flow. Separate models were trained for HN (n = 238) and abdomen (n = 30) and tested on set aside open‐source grand challenge data sets for HN (n = 10) using a public domain database of computational anatomy and blinded testing on 20 cases from Beyond the Cranial Vault data set with overall accuracy provided by the grand challenge website for abdominal organs. Robustness to two‐rater segmentations was also evaluated for HN cases using the open‐source data set. Statistical comparison of MRRN‐NBSA against Unet, convolutional network–based SA using criss‐cross attention (CCA), dual SA, and transformer‐based (UNETR) methods was done by measuring the differences in the average Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) accuracy for all HN organs using the Kruskall–Wallis test, followed by individual method comparisons using paired, two‐sided Wilcoxon‐signed rank tests at 95% confidence level with Bonferroni correction used for multiple comparisons.ResultsMRRN‐NBSA produced an average high DSC of 0.88 for HN and 0.86 for the abdomen that exceeded current methods. MRRN‐NBSA was more accurate than the computationally most efficient CCA (average DSC of 0.845 for HN, 0.727 for abdomen). Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant difference between evaluated methods (p=0.00025). Pair‐wise comparisons showed significant differences between MRRN‐NBSA than Unet (p=0.0003), CCA (p=0.030), dual (p=0.038), and UNETR methods (p=0.012) after Bonferroni correction. MRRN‐NBSA produced less variable segmentations for submandibular glands (0.82 ± 0.06) compared to two raters (0.75 ± 0.31).ConclusionsMRRN‐NBSA produced more accurate multiorgan segmentations than current methods on two different public data sets. Testing on larger institutional cohorts is required to establish feasibility for clinical use.
Numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing: A hybrid FEM‐based algorithm
Authors: Wrobel Michal , Papanastasiou Panos , Peck Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a problem of numerical simulation of hydraulic fractures is considered. An efficient algorithm of solution is proposed for the plain strain model of hydraulic fracturing. The algorithm utilizes a FEM‐based subroutine to compute deformation of the fractured material. The flow of generalized Newtonian fluid in the fracture is modeled in the framework of lubrication theory. In this way, the architecture of the computational scheme is relatively simple and enables one to deal with advanced cases of the fractured material properties and configurations as well as various rheological models of fluid. In particular, the problems of poroelasticity, plasticity, and spatially varying properties of the fractured material can be analyzed. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm are verified against analytical benchmark solutions. The algorithm capabilities are demonstrated using the example of the hydraulic fracture propagating in complex geological settings.
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS): Single‐center 20 year experience and treatment results in India
Authors: Mishra Nagendra N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesInterstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is an enigmatic disease that is difficult to treat. Even among physicians, the prevalent belief is that patients do not improve over time. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed our experience and treatment results for patients diagnosed with IC/BPS at our clinic in India over the past 20 years.Materials and MethodsThree hundred and eighty IC/BPS patients diagnosed between January 2001 and December 2020 were included. Patients underwent cystoscopy and hydrodistension and were treated with oral drugs, intravesical instillations, and surgery as needed. From January 2021 to June 2021, all patients were contacted by telephone.ResultsThe study had 380 participants, but only 231 could be contacted for analysis. Follow‐up averaged 6.37 years and the median was 14 years. Eighteen percent showed no improvement, 2% showed a slight improvement on Global Response Assessment (GRA) questionnaire and were considered nonresponders (NR). Yet, 67% reported notable improvements, and 13% moderate improvements, all of which make up 80% responders (R). In 11 patients who were operated on for ileocystoplasty, 9 showed significant improvements. In addition, three patients developed Urothelial Malignancy. Pregnancy did not affect the disease in any way.ConclusionsLong‐term results have been encouraging for IC/BPS patients. Unfortunately, Hunner's lesions patients need a more intensive treatment regimen. Re‐evaluation with cystoscopy is recommended in NR. In spite of good results of surgery in our series, it is best to perform surgery only as a last resort.
The Stigma Resistance Scale for people with mental illness: Transcultural adaption and validation of the Chinese version
Authors: Shi Xiuxiu , Li Zheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe understanding of stigma resistance and its prevalence is limited due to the limitation of existing measures. This study aims to modify the Stigma Resistance Scale (SRS) and assess the psychometric properties of Chinese patients with mental illness. Seven experts were invited to assess the content validity of the Chinese version of the SRS (C‐SRS), which has been translated and adapted into Chinese. Convenience samples were included from two psychiatric hospitals and three community healthcare centers in Beijing, China. A total of 484 patients completed the survey from November 2020 to July 2021. Samples were randomized into two parts exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA (n = 242) yielded three factors with Cronbach's α of 0.932 for the total scale, and 0.835, 0.877, and 0.858 for the subscales. CFA (n = 242) revealed good model fit (χ2/df = 2.190, RMSEA = 0.070). The domain‐total correlation scores were 0.834–0.939. The correlation coefficient of test‐retest ranged from 0.726 to 0.887. The correlation coefficient between the C‐SRS and Stigma Resistance subscale of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale was 0.399. This study found that the C‐SRS has evidence of excellent reliability and validity for assessing stigma resistance. It could be used in Chinese people with mental illness to identify and address stigma resistance.
Gender and sexuality alliance advisors' perceptions of self‐efficacy and social emotional competency: An exploratory study
Authors: Davis Kelly M. , Dunham Kinsie J. , Kahlo Danielle M. , Cochran Bryan N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe presence of a Gender and Sexuality Alliance (GSA) reduces risk for sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth across a variety of domains, but little is known about the adult advisor‐level variables contributing to these observed benefits. This study explored relationships between advisors' tenure, receipt of professional development, self‐efficacy, and social emotional competencies (SECs). Participants (N = 167) completed an online survey measuring their own social‐emotional competencies and their perceived self‐efficacy as a GSA advisor. As hypothesized, results demonstrated relationships between advisor tenure and self‐efficacy and between advisor receipt of professional development and self‐efficacy. Further, advisor SEC significantly predicted self‐efficacy, and both receipt of professional development and SEC positively predicted perceived self‐efficacy, as well. Findings point to opportunities for providing training to GSA advisors, with a focus on SEC to increase their efficacy in working with SGM youth. Implications for school psychologists are discussed.
Personality disorder and mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Moley James P. , Norman Joshua L. , Coccaro Emil F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) poses risk to the neurocognitive, emotional, and financial well‐being of affected individuals. While aggression and impulsivity have been examined in relation to mTBI, little work has been done to evaluate the relationship between history of mTBI and personality disorder (PD). The authors examined the associations between history of mTBI and PD in a control group without history of mTBI (N = 1189) and individuals with history of mTBI (N = 267). Results demonstrated that any PD diagnosis is a significant risk factor for mTBI (p < 0.001). Cluster B diagnoses, particularly borderline and antisocial PD, were independently significant risk factors for mTBI. These data suggest a role for screening for a history of mTBI in patients with PDs and associated traits.
Stability and reproducibility of proteomic profiles in epidemiological studies: comparing the Olink and SOMAscan platforms
Authors: Haslam Danielle E. , Li Jun , Dillon Simon T. , Gu Xuesong , Cao Yin , Zeleznik Oana A. , Sasamoto Naoko , Zhang Xuehong , Eliassen A. Heather , Liang Liming , Stampfer Meir J. , Mora Samia , Chen Zsu‐Zsu , Terry Kathryn L. , Gerszten Robert E. , Hu Frank B. , Chan Andrew T. , Libermann Towia A. , Bhupathiraju Shilpa N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLimited data exist on the performance of high‐throughput proteomics profiling in epidemiological settings, including the impact of specimen collection and within‐person variability over time. Thus, the Olink (972 proteins) and SOMAscan7Kv4.1 (7322 proteoforms of 6596 proteins) assays were utilized to measure protein concentrations in archived plasma samples from the Nurses’ Health Studies and Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study. Spearman's correlation coefficients (r) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess agreement between (1) 42 triplicate samples processed immediately, 24‐h or 48‐h after blood collection from 14 participants; and (2) 80 plasma samples from 40 participants collected 1‐year apart. When comparing samples processed immediately, 24‐h, and 48‐h later, 55% of assays had an ICC/r ≥ 0.75 and 87% had an ICC/r ≥ 0.40 in Olink compared to 44% with an ICC/r ≥ 0.75 and 72% with an ICC/r ≥ 0.40 in SOMAscan7K. For both platforms, >90% of the assays were stable (ICC/r ≥ 0.40) in samples collected 1‐year apart. Among 817 proteins measured with both platforms, Spearman's correlations were high (r > 0.75) for 14.7% and poor (r < 0.40) for 44.8% of proteins. High‐throughput proteomics profiling demonstrated reproducibility in archived plasma samples and stability after delayed processing in epidemiological studies, yet correlations between proteins measured with the Olink and SOMAscan7K platforms were highly variable.