bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioscaffold developed with decellularized human amniotic membrane seeded with mesenchymal stromal cells: assessment of efficacy and safety profiles in a second-degree burn preclinical model
Authors: Naasani Liliana Ivet Sous , Pretto Luiza , Zanatelli Carla , Paim Thaís Casagrande , Souza Aline Francielle Damo , Pase Pablo Fagundes , Fernandes Marilda Da Cruz , Sévigny Jean , Wink Márcia Rosângela 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Therapies to deep burn injuries remain a global challenge. Human amniotic membrane (hAM) is a biomaterial that has been increasingly explored by the field of regenerative medicine. A decellularized hAM (DhAM) can be used as scaffold for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to grow without the loss of their stemness potential, allowing its application as cell therapy for wound healing. In this work, we associated DhAM with adipose-derived MSCs (DhAM + AD-MSCs), as a therapy strategy for second-degree burns in a preclinical model. Animals with induced second-degree burns were divided into four groups: control, which consists of a non-adherent gauze; a synthetic commercial dressing as the positive control (Control+); DhAM; and DhAM plus rat AD-MSCs (DhAM + AD-MSCs), followed by detailed and long term analysis (5 weeks). The macroscopical analysis showed the healing improvement in the wound area after the DhAM + AD-MSC treatment. Histological analysis also showed no alteration in the animal organs and a regular epithelial progression in comparison to the control. This observation was also confirmed by the analysis of suprabasal layers in the neoepidermis with CK10, showing a stratified and differentiated epithelium, when compared to Control and Control+. A strong CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase) labeling was observed in the first 2 weeks postburn in dermis and epidermis. The expression in dermis was stronger in the second week in the middle of the wound, when comparing the Control+ with DhAM + AD-MSCs (p = 0.0238). In the epidermis the expression of CD73 was increased in all regions when compared to the control. This data suggests the involvement of this protein on wound healing. A low CD11b labeling was observed in DhAM + AD-MSCs treatment group mainly in the last treatment week, in comparison to Control and Control+ (p < 0.0001), which indicates a reduction in the inflammatory process. MSCs through CD73 can release high concentrations of adenosine, an immunosuppressive molecule, suggesting that this could be the mechanism by which the inflammation was better modulated in the DhAM + AD-MSCs group. The results obtained with this preclinical model confirm the effectiveness and safety of this low-cost and highly available dressing for future clinical application as a therapy for burn treatments.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal association of sleep and Alzheimer biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired adults
Authors: Blackman Jonathan , Stankeviciute Laura , Arenaza-Urquijo Eider M , Suárez-Calvet Marc , Sánchez-Benavides Gonzalo , Vilor-Tejedor Natalia , Iranzo Alejandro , Molinuevo José Luis , Gispert Juan Domingo , Coulthard Elizabeth , Grau-Rivera Oriol ,   for the European Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease (EPAD) Consortium
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sleep abnormalities are prevalent in Alzheimer’s disease, with sleep quality already impaired at its preclinical stage. Epidemiological and experimental data point to sleep abnormalities contributing to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. However, previous studies are limited by either a lack of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, reduced sample size or cross-sectional design. Understanding if, when, and how poor sleep contributes to Alzheimer’s disease progression is important so that therapies can be targeted to the right phase of the disease. Using the largest cohort to date, the European Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study, we test the hypotheses that poor sleep is associated with core Alzheimer’s disease CSF biomarkers cross-sectionally and predicts future increments of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in people without identifiable symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease at baseline. This study included 1168 adults aged over 50 years with CSF core Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers (total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-beta), cognitive performance, and sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire) data. We used multivariate linear regressions to analyse associations between core Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers and the following Pittsburgh sleep quality index measures: total score of sleep quality, binarized score (poor sleep categorized as Pittsburgh sleep quality index &gt; 5), sleep latency, duration, efficiency and disturbance. On a subsample of 332 participants with CSF taken at baseline and after an average period of 1.5 years, we assessed the effect of baseline sleep quality on change in Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers over time. Cross-sectional analyses revealed that poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index total &gt; 5) was significantly associated with higher CSF t-tau; shorter sleep duration (&lt;7 h) was associated with higher CSF p-tau and t-tau; and a higher degree of sleep disturbance (1–9 versus 0 and &gt;9 versus 0) was associated with lower CSF amyloid-beta. Longitudinal analyses showed that greater sleep disturbances (1–9 versus 0 and &gt;9 versus 0) were associated with a decrease in CSF Aβ42 over time. This study demonstrates that self-reported poor sleep quality is associated with greater Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology in cognitively unimpaired individuals, with longitudinal results further strengthening the hypothesis that disrupted sleep may represent a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. This highlights the need for future work to test the efficacy of preventive practices, designed to improve sleep at pre-symptomatic stages of disease, on reducing Alzheimer’s disease pathology.
Efficient method for wind velocity estimation and power-extraction maximization using a fourth-order Luenberger observer in a wind-energy-conversion system
Authors: Azelhak Younes , Voyer Damien , Medromi Hicham 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes an advanced method for estimating numerous parameters in a wind-energy-conversion system with high precision, especially in a transient state, including the rotation speed and mechanical torque of the turbine as well as wind velocity. The suggested approach is designed into two parts. First, a fourth-order Luenberger observer is proposed to take into account the significant fluctuations of the mechanical torque that can be caused by wind gusts. This observer provides an accurate estimate of speed and mechanical torque in all weather conditions and especially when the wind is gusting. At the same time, the wind velocity is calculated using the Luenberger observer outputs and a model of the mechanical power generated by the turbine. Second, these estimated parameters are exploited as input in a maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) algorithm using the tip-speed ratio (TSR) to improve the sensorless strategy control. Simulation results were performed using MATLAB®/Simulink® for both wind gust and real wind profiles. We have verified that for wind gusts with jumps ranging from 3 to 7 m/s, the new observer manages to better follow the rotation speed and the torque of the turbine compared to a usual observer. In addition, we demonstrated that by applying the proposed estimator in the improved TSR-MPPT strategy, it is possible to extract 3.3% more energy compared to traditional approaches.
Odor-induced sound localization bias under unilateral intranasal trigeminal stimulation
Authors: Liang Kun , Wang Wu , Lei Xiao , Zeng Huanke , Gong Wenxiao , Lou Chunmiao , Chen Lihan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a stereo odor cue, internostril odor influx could help us in many spatial tasks, including localization and navigation. Studies have also revealed that this benefit could be modulated by the asymmetric concentrations of both influxes (left nose vs right nose). The interaction between olfaction and vision, such as in object recognition and visual direction judgment, has been documented; however, little has been revealed about the impact of odor cues on sound localization. Here we adopted the ventriloquist paradigm in auditory–odor interactions and investigated sound localization with the concurrent unilateral odor influx. Specifically, we teased apart both the “nature” of the odors (pure olfactory stimulus vs. mixed olfactory/trigeminal stimulus) and the location of influx (left nose vs. right nose) and examined sound localization with the method of constant stimuli. Forty-one participants, who passed the Chinese Smell Identification Test, perceived sounds with different azimuths (0°, 5°, 10°, and 20° unilaterally deflected from the sagittal plane by head-related transfer function) and performed sound localization (leftward or rightward) tasks under concurrent, different unilateral odor influxes (10% v/v phenylethyl alcohol, PEA, as pure olfactory stimulus, 1% m/v menthol as mixed olfactory/trigeminal stimulus, and propylene glycol as the control). Meanwhile, they reported confidence levels of the judgments. Results suggested that unilateral PEA influx did not affect human sound localization judgments. However, unilateral menthol influx systematically biased the perceived sound localization, shifting toward the odor source. Our study provides evidence that unilateral odor influx could bias perceived sound localization only when the odor activates the trigeminal nerves.
Usefulness of the Optimal Cutoff Value and Delta Value of Leucine-Rich Alpha 2 Glycoprotein in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Matsumoto Satohiro , Mashima Hirosato 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein (LRG) is a novel serum biomarker used to determine disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. We investigated the association between endoscopic scores based on the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) and LRG in ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods
A total of 1019 LRG measurements were obtained from 358 patients with UC. This study included 190 patients (199 measurements) who underwent colonoscopy within 3 months before and after LRG measurement with unchanged disease status or treatment during the same period. The patients were divided into those with and without UC relapse. We evaluated the correlation between LRG levels and UCEIS scores and performed a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine the optimal LRG cutoff value. Delta values of LRG were then analyzed.

Results
LRG levels were positively correlated with UCEIS scores (correlation coefficient: 0.638; 95% CI: 0.548–0.714; P &lt; .0001) in all disease types. The LRG cutoff value for mucosal healing was 12.6 µg mL−1 (area under the curve: 0.736; 95% CI: 0.651–0.821); this value had a sensitivity of 0.72 and a specificity of 0.66. In patients with UC relapse, the median delta value of LRG before and after relapse was 5 µg mL−1.

Conclusions
LRG levels were positively correlated with the UCEIS scores. The optimal LRG cutoff value for determining mucosal healing was 12.6 µg mL−1. The median delta value of LRG before and after relapse was 5 µg mL−1.
Acute Microcirculatory Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Superficial Partial Thickness Burn Wounds
Authors: Lucius Julia , Jensen Jan-Oluf , Tasar Raphael R , Schleusser Sophie , Stang Felix H , Mailänder Peter , Kisch Tobias 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microcirculation is a critical factor in burn wound healing. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been shown to improve microcirculation in healthy skin and demonstrated ischemic protective effects on heart, kidney, and liver cells. Therefore, we examined microcirculatory effects of RIC in partial thickness burn wounds. The hypothesis of this study is that RIC improves cutaneous microcirculation in partial thickness burn wounds. Twenty patients with partial thickness burn wounds within 48 hours after trauma were included in this study. RIC was performed with an upper arm blood pressure cuff on a healthy upper arm using three ischemia cycles (5 min inflation to 200 mm Hg) followed by 10-minute reperfusion phases. The third and final reperfusion phase lasted 20 minutes. Microcirculation of the remote (lower/upper extremities or torso) burn wound was continuously quantified, using a combined Laser Doppler and white light spectrometry. The capillary blood flow in the burn wounds increased by a maximum of 9.6% after RIC (percentage change from baseline; P &lt; .01). Relative hemoglobin was increased by a maximum of 2.8% (vs. baseline; P &lt; .01), while cutaneous tissue oxygen saturation remained constant (P &gt; .05). RIC improves microcirculation in partial thickness burn wounds by improving blood flow and elevating relative hemoglobin.
The Interpretation of Mirror Pattern Bands During Oligoclonal Immunoglobulin Isoelectric Focusing Electrophoresis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang JinLing , Li Lei , Zhang YanBing , Wang PeiChang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
Mirror patterns are incidental types that accompany the analysis of the oligoclonal band (OCB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, their interpretation remains controversial. In this study, we analyzed all graphic results of mirror patterns from 86 patients to provide an optimal interpretation scheme for mirror patterns.

Methods
Matched CSF and serum specimens were obtained from patients with various neurological disorders that required OCB analysis. A total of 86 patients were screened and serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) was performed in all 86. The interobserver agreement for interpreting mirror patterns by visual inspection was tested. The method agreement between the visual inspection and IFE was also evaluated. The CSF/serum albumin quotient (QALB) was calculated to determine the blood-brain barrier integrity of all patients.

Results
Of the 86 patients with mirror patterns, 19.8% (17/86) had typical mirror bands and most (80.2%) had atypical mirror bands. There was a good agreement between the 2 observers in interpreting typical mirror patterns. However, kappa statistics analysis showed poor agreement regarding the interpretation of atypical mirror bands by visual observation alone (kappa value, −0.026 to 0.314 between 2 observers). The disagreement was pronounced between the visual inspection and validation of IFE (kappa value, −0.0238 to 0.176 between the first observer and IFE; −0.322 to 0.118 between the second observer and IFE). The normal QALB rates in the type V groups were significantly higher than those in the type IV group and the positive QALB rates in the type IV were significantly higher than those in the type V.

Conclusion
Visual inspection to interpret mirror pattern bands is unreliable. Considering the completely different clinical significance between type IV and type V and high risk of potential misinterpretations, it is necessary to perform IFE on all the atypical mirror types to discriminate atypical type IV from atypical type V.
Race, Labor, and the Future of Work
Authors: Ajunwa Ifeoma 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Amidst the full-throttle optimism surrounding the promise of automation to revolutionize the workplace and transform society for the better, there are concerns about its potential to also widen the gulf of economic inequality, as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. warned. While undoubtedly new labor markets and novel work opportunities are created by the technological capability for decentralized management and remote work, the rhetoric around automation tends to elide the disparities between those who enjoy its benefits and those who bear the burden of being its draught horses. This chapter examines how race factors into the demographics of the workforce of the gig economy and other precarious jobs that are creating a planetary labor market—opening up new labor markets in developing nations, but without the same labor protections as those in economically privileged countries. This chapter observes that racial minorities disproportionately perform the precarious work created by the gig economy and that the jobs at danger for full automation, such as retail and care work, are those held by White women and racial minorities. Meanwhile, technological advancements such as automated hiring and wearable technologies also portend that the future of work may have lopsided benefits. Governmental action is necessary to ensure that the future of work is not a dystopia for all workers, but especially for more vulnerable workers of color.
Changes in anti-MDA5 antibody titres and serum cytokine levels before and after diagnosis of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis
Authors: Kogami Masahiro , Abe Yoshiyuki , Ando Taiki , Makiyama Ayako , Yamaji Ken , Tamura Naoto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive DM is characterized by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease and has a poor prognosis. We aimed to investigate whether anti-MDA5 antibody titres and cytokine levels predict clinical course, and evaluate changes in both parameters before and after diagnosis.

Methods
This was a retrospective, single-centre study in 38 patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM. We compared clinical characteristics and laboratory data at diagnosis between patients in the treatment response (n = 23) and non-response (n = 15) groups, and between those in the relapse (n = 5) and non-relapse (n = 24) groups. We also measured serum anti-MDA5 antibody titres and cytokine levels before and after diagnosis.

Results
The non-response group was older, had a higher ground-glass opacity score, lower PaO2/FiO2, higher CRP level, and higher anti-MDA5 antibody titre than the response group. No cytokines significantly differed between groups at diagnosis. The relapse group had a significantly higher anti-MDA5 antibody titre than the non-relapse group. In the survivor group, the anti-MDA5 antibody titre and levels of IFN-α, IFN-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, IL-33, CRP, and ferritin were significantly lower 6 months post-treatment than at diagnosis. Macrophage-associated cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and MCP-1 increased after anti-MDA5 antibody positivity in three patients who were anti-MDA5 antibody-positive before diagnosis.

Conclusion
The anti-MDA5 antibody titre at diagnosis may predict the clinical course. Levels of macrophage-associated cytokines significantly declined at 6 months post-treatment, and they may have increased after anti-MDA5 antibody titre positivity.
Two CandidateMeloidogyne javanicaEffector Genes,MjShKTandMjPUT3: A Functional Investigation of Their Roles in Regulating Nematode Parasitism
Authors: Kumar Anil , Fitoussi Nathalia , Sanadhya Payal , Sichov Natalia , Bucki Patricia , Bornstein Menachem , Belausuv Eduard , Brown Miyara Sigal 
Published: November 2022

During parasitism, root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. inject molecules termed effectors that have multifunctional roles in construction and maintenance of nematode feeding sites. As an outcome of transcriptomic analysis of Meloidogyne javanica, we identified and characterized two differentially expressed genes encoding the predicted proteins MjShKT, carrying a Stichodactyla toxin (ShKT) domain, and MjPUT3, carrying a ground-like domain, both expressed during nematode parasitism of the tomato plant. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization revealed expression of MjShKT and MjPUT3 in the dorsal esophageal glands, suggesting their injection into host cells. MjShKT expression was upregulated during the parasitic life stages, to a maximum at the mature female stage, whereas MjPUT3 expression increased in third- to fourth-stage juveniles. Subcellular in-planta localization of MjShKT and MjPUT3 using a fused fluorescence marker indicated MjShKT co-occurrence with the endoplasmic reticulum, the perinuclear endoplasmatic reticulum, and the Golgi organelle markers, while MjPUT3 localized, to some extent, within the endoplasmatic reticulum and was clearly observed within the nucleoplasm. MjShKT inhibited programmed cell death induced by overexpression of MAPKKKα and Gpa2/RBP-1. Overexpression of MjShKT in tomato hairy roots allowed an increase in nematode reproduction, as indicated by the high number of eggs produced on roots overexpressing MjShKT. Roots overexpressing MjPUT3 were characterized by enhanced root growth, with no effect on nematode development on those roots. Investigation of the two candidate effectors suggested that MjShKT is mainly involved in manipulating the plant effector-triggered immune response toward establishment and maintenance of active feeding sites, whereas MjPUT3 might modulate roots morphology in favor of nematode fitness in the host roots.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Association Between Obesity and Fetal Acidosis at Scheduled Cesarean Delivery
Authors: DeBolt Chelsea A. , Sarker Minhazur , Trejo Fatima Estrada , Feldman Kristina , Kaplowitz Elianna , Rattner Paige , Paul Keisha , Jagannatham Shobha , Ferrara Lauren , Doulaveris Georgios , Bernstein Peter S. , Brustman Lois , Glazer Kimberly B. , Stone Joanne , Bianco Angela 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether patients with obesity who undergo scheduled cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia are at increased risk for umbilical artery pH less than 7.1 and base deficit 12 mmol or greater.

METHODS:
We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of individuals who delivered a term, singleton, nonanomalous neonate at one of four academic medical centers in New York City from 2013 to 2019 by scheduled cesarean under neuraxial anesthesia for whom fetal cord blood gas results were available. The primary study outcome was rate of fetal acidosis, defined as umbilical artery pH less than 7.1. This was compared between patients with obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30 or higher) and those without obesity (BMI lower than 30). Base deficit 12 mmol or greater and a composite of fetal acidosis and base deficit 12 mmol or greater were also compared. Secondary outcomes included neonatal intensive care unit admission rate, 5-minute Apgar score less than 7, and neonatal morbidity. Associations between maternal BMI and study outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic or linear regression and adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, insurance type, cesarean delivery order number, and neuraxial anesthesia type.

RESULTS:
Of the 6,264 individuals who met inclusion criteria during the study interval, 3,098 had obesity and 3,166 did not. The overall rate of umbilical artery cord pH less than 7.1 was 2.5%, and the overall rate of umbilical artery base deficit 12 mmol or greater was 1.5%. Patients with obesity were more likely to have umbilical artery cord pH less than 7.1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.8–4.2) and umbilical artery base deficit 12 mmol or greater (aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.9–5.3). This association was not significantly attenuated after additional adjustments for potential mediators, including maternal medical comorbidities. We found no differences in secondary outcomes between groups.

CONCLUSION:
Maternal obesity is associated with increased odds of arterial pH less than 7.1 and base deficit 12 mmol or greater at the time of scheduled cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia.