bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A heuristic algorithm for straight-line embedding of a hamiltonian cycle onto a given set of points inside simple polygons
Authors: Fadavian Maryam , Fadavian Heidar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigated the problem of embedding a simple Hamiltonian Cycle with n vertices on n points inside a simple polygon. This problem seeks to embed a straight-line cycle (without bends), which does not intersect either itself or the sides of the polygon, i.e., it is planar. This problem is a special case of an open problem to find a simple Hamiltonian (s, X, t)-path (a simple path that starts at s and ends at t, where s, t, and all other vertices within the path are a member of set X) inside a simple polygon, which does not intersect itself or the sides of the polygon. The complexity of the problem in this paper is not verified yet, and it is an open problem. However, similar problems are resolved that are NP-Complete. A heuristic algorithm with time complexity of O(r(n2m + n3)) and space complexity of O(n2 + m) is proposed to solve the problem.
Deep Asymmetric Extraction and Aggregation for Infrared Small Target Detection
Authors: Lin Zhongwu , Ming Ruixing , Zhou Qinghui , Huang Min , Yao Guohui , Lei Zhuo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Infrared small target detection is widely applied in military and civilian fields. Due to the small size of infrared targets, textural detail is missing. Common target detection methods extract semantic feature by narrowing down the feature map several times, which may lead to the small targets lost in deep layers and are not effective for infrared small target detection. To solve this problem, we propose a novel network called deep asymmetric extraction and aggregation. The network mainly consists of two processes - the vertical feature extraction and the horizontal feature aggregation, both of which are enhanced by an asymmetric attention mechanism. In the vertical process, The use of asymmetric attention mechanism combined with the reduction of down-sampling makes the small target better retained in the deep layers. Then through the horizontal process, shallow spatial feature and deep semantic feature are aggregated to further highlight the small targets while suppressing background noise. Experiments on the public datasets NUAA-SISRT and MDvsFA-cGan show that our proposed network outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of both detection accuracy and parameter efficiency.
Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica strain which caused severe bovine mastitis
Authors: Stevanović Oliver , Milanov Dubravka , Prošić Isidora , Gajdov Vladimir , Nedić Drago , Sladojević Željko , Radalj Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Available data on the clinical significance of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in veterinary medicine are scarce and usually concern individual reports of local or systemic pyogranulomatous lesions in domestic animals. In this study, we report a case of severe bovine mastitis caused by N. cyriacigeorgica, non-responsive to antimicrobial therapy, on a smallholder farm in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At physical examination, the udder was hard, with enlarged hind quarters and teats, and reduced milk production with no gross changes to the secretion were documented. After causative agent isolation and suspected actinobacteria, further identification was impossible using routine microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to published recommendations. The sample was further examined using MALDI-TOF MS with inconclusive results. Additionally, the 16S rRNA sequence analysis, verified by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using gyrB, 16S rRNA, secA1, and hsp65 sequences, confirmed the N. cyriacigeorgica species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on N. cyriacigeorgica isolation from a clinical case of bovine mastitis in European dairy farms and the first MLSA methodology approach to discriminate a Nocardia spp. strain isolated from animals. Most lactating cows in Bosnia and Herzegovina are held in traditional farming conditions which may serve as a predisposing factor for nocardial mastitis. More studies are required to analyze the possible aspects leading to the occurrence of mastitis caused by Nocardia spp. and the overall importance of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of infections in domestic animals.
Water quality assessment and pollution source apportionment using multivariate statistical and PMF receptor modeling techniques in a sub- watershed of the upper Yangtze River, Southwest China
Authors: Ren Xingnian , Yang Cheng , Zhao Bin , Xiao Jie , Gao Dongdong , Zhang Han 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The rapid industrial and agricultural development as well as urbanization significantly affect the water environment, especially in sub-watersheds where the contaminants/constituents present in the pollution sources are complex and the flow is unstable. Water quality assessment and quantitative identification of pollution sources are the primary prerequisites for the improvement of water management and quality. In this work, 168 water samples were collected from seven stations throughout 2018–2019 along the Laixi River, which is an important pollution control unit in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Multivariate statistics and positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor modeling techniques were used to evaluate the characteristics of the river-water quality and reveal the pollution sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to screen the crucial parameters and establish an optimized water quality assessment procedure to reduce the analysis cost and improve the assessment efficiency. Cluster analysis (CA) further illustrates the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of river water quality. Results indicated that high-pollution areas are concentrated in the tributaries, and the high-pollution periods are the spring and winter, which verifies the reliability of the evaluation system. The PMF model identified five and six potential pollution sources in the cold and warm seasons, respectively. Among them, pollution from agricultural activities and domestic wastewater shows the highest contributions (33.2% and 30.3%, respectively) during the cold and warm seasons, respectively. The results of this study can provide corresponding theoretical support for pollutant control and water quality improvement, and avoid the ecological and health risks caused by the deterioration of water quality.
Prediction model for SiO2 activity in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO quaternary slag system
Authors: Lin Yue , Yi Yuan-Rong , Fang Ming-Hang , Ma Wen-Qing , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Activity models based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory have been widely used in the refining of metallurgical slags, with the SiO2 content of slag playing a crucial role in improving the mechanical properties of refining slag-based cementitious materials. In order to improve the reactivity of SiO2 in slag, this study established a SiO2 activity prediction model for the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO quaternary slag system based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory, validating the prediction results using reference values from the literature. Following this, the effects of w(SiO2), w(CaO), w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) and R(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)) on SiO2 activity, were explored (where w and R represent content and alkalinity, respectively). The results show that the model could accurately predict the SiO2 activity of refining slag. When the SiO2 content was increased from 10–30%, with 60% w(CaO) and a w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio of 0.25, the SiO2 activity exhibited a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing, with a maximum activity value of 0.1359 reached at 17.5% w(SiO2). When slag contained 15% w(SiO2) and a w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio of 0.25, the SiO2 activity decreased with increasing CaO content, reaching a maximum activity value of 0.1268 when 55% w(CaO) was present. Therefore, by controlling the ratio of w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) and w(CaO)/w(SiO2) in the slag to maintain a ratio of 3, the activity of SiO2 can be effectively increased.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Arterial Stiffness in Mild COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Prospective Study
Authors: Korkmaz Yetkin , Cinar Tufan , Saylik Faysal , Akbulut Tayyar , Selçuk Murat , Oguz Mustafa , Hayiroglu Mert Ilker , Tanboga Ibrahim Halil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Our primary goal was to utilize pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) to demonstrate the early alterations in the pulmonary vascular area in individuals with prior Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness who had not undergone hospitalization.
Methods
In total, 201 patients with prior COVID-19 infection without hospitalization and 195 healthy, age- and sex-matched individuals without a history of COVID-19 disease were included in this prospective analysis. The PAS value for each patient was calculated by dividing the mean peak pulmonary flow velocity by the pulmonary flow acceleration time.
Results
The measured PAS was 10.2 (4.11) (Hz/msn) in post-COVID-19 participants and 8.56 (1.47) (Hz/msn) in healthy subjects (p<0.001). Moreover, pulmonary artery acceleration time was significantly lower in patients with a prior history of COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that PAS was significantly connected to a prior COVID-19 illness (OR: 1.267; 95%CI:1.142–1.434; p<0.001). The optimal cutoff point for detecting a prior COVID-19 disease for PAS was 10.1 (sensitivity = %70.2, specificity = %87.7).
Conclusion
This might be the first investigation to reveal that patients with a history of COVID-19 had higher PAS values compared to those without COVID-19. The results of the investigation may indicate the need of regular follow up of COVID-19 patients for the development of PAH, especially during the post-COVID-19 interval.
Development of Supramolecular Metallogel derived from Nickel(II)-salt and Adipic Acid: An Effective Material for Microelectronic Semiconducting Device Application
Authors: Dhibar Subhendu , Ojha Saurav K. , Karmakar Kripasindhu , Karmakar Priya , Bhattacharjee Subham , Chatterjee Priyajit , Thyda Lavanya , Ojha Animesh K. , Saha Bidyut 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An approach for the ultrasonication based synthesis of nickel(II)-metallogel was devised by employing nickel(II)-acetate salt and adipic acid at room temperature in dimethylformamide (DMF) medium. The metallogel was shown to be mechanically stable and self-healing using rheological and thixotropic analyses. Ni(II)-metallogel was described by its stone-like morphological features using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) study. The main chemical components of the metallogel have been verified by the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mapping measurement. Additionally, the electronic device based on the metal-semiconductor (MS) junction demonstrates the electrical conductivity because of supramolecular arrangement of the Ni(II)-metallogel. Extensive testing was done to determine the metallogel's electrical properties. There was an investigation on the synthesised Ni(II)-metallogel based device's semi-conductive properties, and a Schottky barrier diode was fabricated successfully.
The effect of biochar on the salinity reduction in mung bean plant
Authors: Norolahi Zahra , Farasati Masumeh , moghaddam Ali Nakhzari 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Salinity stress is considered as a serious threat to the growth of plants and crop yield in many parts of the world. It reduces the plant growth and crop production. The aim of research was investigation of biochar effect on reducing of salinity in mung bean plant. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with two replications and three treatments of saline, non-saline and saline + biochar. A silty soil was used for the plant substrate while calcium chloride and sodium chloride salts were employed in order to create the salinity levels in it. The results of analysis of variance associated with the studied traits showed that the simple effects of salinity and plant organs as well as the interaction of salinity×plant organs on the calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sodium, potassium, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) levels are significant at a level of 1%. Also, the results of comparing the mean interaction of salinity×organ indicated that the highest calcium content in most cases is associated with the shoots. The biochar consumption has been found to reduce the calcium absorption at high salinity in leaves and roots and increase it in the stem and pod. Increasing the calcium chloride and sodium chloride salinities in plant organs, the concentration of potassium decreased compared to calcium and with increasing salinity levels, the concentration of all mentioned elements increased in most treatments. The results further showed that biochar leads to an increased pH level in the plant organs. Moreover, the EC value was found to be improved by applying biochar. In general, biochar increased salinity, but in most cases this increase was less than the salinity alone. According to the results, effect of organ, salinity and organ× salinity on all characteristics was significant. From the above results, it can be inferred that although high salinity reduces the growth of mung bean plant, this plant is resistant to low salinity levels. It has been found that the salinity resistance mechanism of this plant is the salt tolerance through the accumulation of ions in its organs. Therefore, it can be used in the improvement of saline soils, for the optimal use of soil resources and saline waters. Also, in order to prepare biochar, the type of plant and the conversion temperature of the plant to biochar should be considered.
HACNet: End-to-end learning of table-to-image converter and convolutional neural network
Authors: Matsuda Takuya , Uchida Kento , Saito Shota , Shirakawa Shinichi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the high prediction performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), several works have applied them to tabular datasets. As CNNs are built to accept images, several transformations of tabular data have been proposed to obtain images. However, existing methods transform the tabular data to images prior to CNN training, which fails to take the prediction error into account. Additionally, they employ all features from the tables, including unimportant ones, to produce the images. Moreover, the created images might not become human-interpretable because they do not consider the interpretability of images as a metric. To overcome these problems, we propose a hard attention-based converter combined with a convolutional neural network (HACNet), consisting of an attention-based table-to-image converter and a CNN-based predictor. HACNet trains its components simultaneously by minimizing CNN prediction loss and mean squared error (MSE) between created and template images. Minimizing this MSE allows us to visually distinguish the created images with different labels. The attention-based converter selects exactly one feature for each pixel in the image via its hard-attention mechanism with Gumbel-Softmax, enabling feature selection. We experimentally show that HACNet produces human-interpretable images, reduces used features, and achieves prediction performances comparative with existing methods on several benchmark datasets.
Self-esteem and Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduate Students
Authors: Shagufta Sonia 
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between self-esteem and suicidal ideation in undergraduate students (N= 600). A Structural Equation Modeling approach was used to analyse the data. All fit indices were examined on measurement level. Relationships between three latent variables: positive self-esteem, negative self-esteem, and suicidal ideation were assessed on structural level. Results revealed that students with negative self-esteem were more prone towards suicidal ideation. Moreover, those students who were having positive self-esteem were less likely indicating suicide ideation which suggested that positive self-esteem is a protective factor against suicidal ideation among students.
WHAT DO PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION STUDENTS THINK ABOUT ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE PANDEMIC?
Authors: HÜZMELİ Esra Doğru , ÇAM Yağmur , CANBAY Özden , KAVVASOGLU Itır , FİLİZ Muhammet , PAZARBAŞI Batın , ÇİFT Fatma , BAYTAK Sevgi , LEKESİZ Eren , BEZGİN Sabiha 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Online learning is a comprehensive type of education in which the teacher and the student are physically separated. We wanted to know how online learning was evaluated through the view of physiotherapy and rehabilitation students.
Methods: We included 283 students from department of physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the study. A questionnaire that consisted of 45 multiple-choice questions and 2 open-ended questions was applied to the students. The questions involved whether the student has previously participated in any online learning program, has had access to online learning and technical problems experienced during access.
Results: Our study included 210 (74.20%) women and 73 (25.80%) men. We questioned status of having online learning before the pandemic and 49.82% of the students reported that they did not receive online learning before. We found that 21.55% of the students could not motivate themselves. 30.39% of the students thought having insufficient education in the practical courses due to online education. 10.25% of the students stated that they could not access the necessary equipment for online learning. In the question about they received high-quality education with online learning; 21.55% of the students stated that they did not agree at all.
Conclusion: We think that it is more beneficial to give some theoretical courses online and synchronized, and practical courses face to face. Therefore, we think that it will be beneficial to postpone the practical courses that cannot be done face to face due to the pandemic and to give those courses face to face after the pandemic process.
Reducing sexual violence through safe sanitation?
Authors: Ray Isha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Reliable access to safe sanitation is a cornerstone of human health and gender equality. Over the last 10 years, the risks of sexual violence and sexual harassment (SVSH) associated with inadequate access to household latrines have received considerable attention. This is especially true of studies on seeking sanitation under cover of darkness. Here I examine the evidentiary basis of claims that incidences of SVSH can be reduced with better access to latrines. I focus on SVSH towards women and girls, though all genders can face sexual violence. I argue that promoting household (or on premises) latrines as a protection against sexual violence cements entrenched biases about ‘good’ girls, ‘true’ rape, and the place of women in public spaces. Thus, arguments claiming that latrine construction is an important tool against SVSH, while gender-sensitive in intent, can be misogynistic in impact.
A longitudinal study of multiple water source use in Bekasi, Indonesia: implications for monitoring safely-managed services
Authors: Priadi Cindy R. , Putri Gita L. , Jannah Qanza N. , Maryati Sri , Afriana Anita , Pratama Mochamad Adhiraga , Foster Tim , Willetts Juliet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Limited piped water services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are likely to increase the use of multiple water sources, impacting access to safely managed water. The aim of this study was to analyze monthly variations of households' water source preferences in three subdistricts in Bekasi, adjacent to the capital city of Indonesia, through a monthly telephone survey of 87 households during 12 months. Households with 1, 2, and 3–4 drinking water sources formed 70, 27, and 3% of the 755 total responses, respectively. Of the 53 households that completed at least 11 of the 12 monthly surveys, around 32% of households resorted to other water sources as a complement for drinking water and other domestic purposes. Households switched from borehole water to bottled water for their primary drinking water in the wet season but still used borehole water as their complementary source. Unimproved source use as primary drinking water also increased during the wet season from 6 to 8%. Monitoring and risk assessment of water sources need to consider the use of multiple water sources while balancing out the limited resources to protect the population, especially the vulnerable, from unacceptable health risks.
Competencias ciudadanas en un modelo de educación flexible apoyado en narrativa hipermedia
Authors: Gómez Cadavid Santiago , Uribe Zapata Alejandro 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Flexible education models are proof that education is in constant transformation and requires meeting needs in context. Objective: This article explores the incidence of a didactic proposal, supported by hypermedia narrative, which allows working on citizenship competencies in a flexible education model designed for the urban context of the Mariscal Robledo Educational Institution in the city of Medellin, Colombia. Materials and methods: The participants were (14) eighth-ninth grade extra-age students belonging to the Flexible Education Model: Walking in Secondary School. A qualitative design was used, with an exploratory scope, and the sources of information were the workshop, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Results: The results illustrate that the use of hypermedia narratives, under specific didactic conditions, can be an interesting support resource; in addition, the process carried out gave them constant recognition and motivation, fundamental elements for their leveling based on the age-grade relationship, and that, with this, they continue with their studies. Conclusion: The hypermedia narratives in the teaching of citizenship competencies contribute to improve the permanence opportunities of the students in condition of extra-age and enhance their progress in the school system.