bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced spring warming in a Mediterranean mountain by atmospheric circulation
Authors: Bruley E. , Mouillot F. , Lauvaux T. , Rambal S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe analyzed trends of air temperature across the Cévennes National Park in Southern France, a mid-altitude coastal mountain experiencing a rapid spread of forests at the expense of rangelands and submitted to Mediterranean Sea influences and so, impacted by local and regional processes of climate change. Since 1980, April to June warming trend reached a maximum temperature increase of + 0.124 °C year−1and uniform whatever the altitude. Minimum temperature increased by + 0.058 °C year−1at 500 m altitude and + 0.089 °C year−1at 1500 m. Concomitantly, forest cover is increasing by + 0.51% year−1. Using an intrinsic biophysical mechanism model, we demonstrated that, at monthly scale, the forest surface is 1.7–3.1 °C cooler than that of nearby grasslands. As a result, the decrease in albedo corresponding to the conversion from grasslands to dense forests, translates into a cooling of maximum air temperatures of 0.023 °C year−1which contributes to slow down the warming rate enhancement. Spring warming trends co-varied with negative WeMO phases associated with a low in the Gulf of Cádiz and an anticyclone in Central Europe. An east to west pressure gradient increases atmospheric humidity leading to a strong water vapor feedback, enhancing the forcing of thermal long wave radiations and hence the rise in temperature.
Statistical modeling of annual highest monthly rainfall in Zimbabwe
Authors: Musara Keith , Nadarajah Saralees , Wiegand Martin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe first statistical analysis of maximum rainfall in Zimbabwe is provided. The data are from 103 stations spread across the different climatic regions of Zimbabwe. More than 90% of the stations had at least 50 years of data. The generalized extreme value distribution was fitted to maximum rainfall by the method of maximum likelihood. Probability plots, quantile plots and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests showed that the generalized extreme value distribution provided an adequate fit for all stations. The vast majority of stations do not exhibit significant trends in rainfall. Twelve of the stations exhibit negative trends and three of the stations exhibit positive trends in rainfall. Estimates of return levels are given for 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years.
Translational development of a tumor junction opening technology
Authors: Kim Jiho , Li Chang , Wang Hongjie , Kaviraj Swarnendu , Singh Sanjay , Savergave Laxman , Raghuwanshi Arjun , Gil Sucheol , Germond Audrey , Baldessari Audrey , Chen Bingmae , Roffler Steve , Fender Pascal , Drescher Charles , Carter Darrick , Lieber André 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOur goal is to overcome treatment resistance in ovarian cancer patients which occurs in most cases after an initial positive response to chemotherapy. A central resistance mechanism is the maintenance of desmoglein-2 (DSG2) positive tight junctions between malignant cells that prevents drug penetration into the tumor. We have generated JO4, a recombinant protein that binds to DSG2 resulting in the transient opening of junctions in epithelial tumors. Here we present studies toward the clinical translation of c-JO4 in combination with PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin/Doxil for ovarian cancer therapy. A manufacturing process for cGMP compliant production of JO4 was developed resulting in c-JO4. GLP toxicology studies using material from this process in DSG2 transgenic mice and cynomolgus macaques showed no treatment-related toxicities after intravenous injection at doses reaching 24 mg/kg. Multiple cycles of intravenous c-JO4 plus Doxil (four cycles, 4 weeks apart, simulating the treatment regimen in the clinical trial) elicited antibodies against c-JO4 that increased with each cycle and were accompanied by elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNFα. Pretreatment with steroids and cyclophosphamide reduced anti-c-JO4 antibody response and blunted cytokine release. Our data indicate acceptable safety of our new treatment approach if immune reactions are monitored and counteracted with appropriate immune suppression.
Asymmetric cryptosystem based on optical scanning cryptography and elliptic curve algorithm
Authors: Chang Xiangyu , Li Wei , Yan Aimin , Tsang Peter Wai Ming , Poon Ting-Chung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe propose an asymmetric cryptosystem based on optical scanning cryptography (OSC) and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithm. In the encryption stage of OSC, an object is encrypted to cosine and sine holograms by two pupil functions calculated via ECC algorithm from sender’s biometric image, which is sender’s private key. With the ECC algorithm, these holograms are encrypted to ciphertext, which is sent to the receiver. In the stage of decryption, the encrypted holograms can be decrypted by receiver’s biometric private key which is different from the sender’s private key. The approach is an asymmetric cryptosystem which solves the problem of the management and dispatch of keys in OSC and has more security strength than the conventional OSC. The feasibility of the proposed method has been convincingly verified by numerical and experiment results.
The bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 up-regulates the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in cultured human hepatic carcinoma cells
Authors: Choi Hae In , An Ga Yeong , Yoo Eunyoung , Baek Mina , Binas Bert , Chai Jin Choul , Lee Young Seek , Jung Kyoung Hwa , Chai Young Gyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe epigenetic reader, bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4), is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and BRD4 inhibition is considered as a new therapeutic approach. The BRD inhibitor JQ1 is known to inhibit the enrichment of BRD4 at enhancer sites. Gene network analyses have implicated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the effects of JQ1, but the precise molecular events remain unexplored. Here, we report that in HepG2 cells, JQ1 significantly reduced various proliferation-related lncRNAs, but up-regulated the known liver tumor marker, MALAT1. Using ChIP-sequencing data, ChIP-qPCR, luciferase reporter assays, and chromatin conformation capture (3C), we characterized the MALAT1 gene locus. We found that JQ1 elicited a rearrangement of its chromatin looping conformation, which involved the putative enhancers E1, E2, E3, the gene body, and the promoter. We further found that the forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) binds to E2 and the promoter; suppression of FOXA2 expression resulted in MALAT1 up-regulation and increased cell proliferation. These results suggest that the inhibition of MALAT1 may improve the effect of BET inhibitors as an anti-cancer therapy and that FOXA2 would be a suitable target for that approach.
Thermal and mechanical characterization of nanoporous two-dimensional MoS2 membranes
Authors: Pham Van-Trung , Fang Te-Hua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor practical application, determining the thermal and mechanical characterization of nanoporous two-dimensional MoS2 membranes is critical. To understand the influences of the temperature and porosity on the mechanical properties of single-layer MoS2 membrane, uniaxial and biaxial tensions were conducted using molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that Young’s modulus, ultimate strength, and fracture strain reduce with the temperature increases. At the same time, porosity effects were found to cause a decrease in the ultimate strength, fracture strain, and Young’s modulus of MoS2 membranes. Because the pore exists, the most considerable stresses will be concentrated around the pore site throughout uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests, increasing the possibility of fracture compared to tensing the pristine membrane. Moreover, this article investigates the impacts of temperature, porosity, and length size on the thermal conductivity of MoS2 membrane using the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) method. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the MoS2 membrane is strongly dependent on the temperature, porosity, and length size. Specifically, the thermal conductivity decreases as the temperature increases, and the thermal conductivity reduces as the porosity density increases. Interestingly, the thermal and mechanical properties of the pristine MoS2 membrane are similar in armchair and zigzag directions.
Solubility measurement and thermodynamic modeling of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate in supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Sodeifian Gholamhossein , Garlapati Chandrasekhar , Razmimanesh Fariba , Nateghi Hassan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKnowing the solubility data of pharmaceutical compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) is essential for nanoparticles formation by using supercritical technology. In this work, solubility of solid pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate in ScCO2 is determined and reported at 308, 318, 328 and 338 K and at pressures between 12 and 27 MPa. The solubilities are ranged between 0.0301 $$\times$$
×
10–4 and 0.463 $$\times$$
×
10–4 in mole fraction. The determined solubilities are modelled with a new model using solid–liquid equilibrium criteria and the required activity coefficient is developed using regular solution theory. The measured solubilities data are also modelled with three recent and four conventional empirical models. The recent models used are, Alwi-Garlapati (AARD = 13.1%), Sodeifian et al. (14.7%), and Tippana-Garlapati (15.5%) models and the conventional models used are Chrastil (17.54%), reformulated Chrastil (16.30%), Bartle (14.1%) and Mendenz Santiago and Teja (MT) (14.9%) models. The proposed model is correlating the data with less than 14.9% and 16.23% in terms of AARD for temperature dependent and independent cases. Among exiting models, Mendez Santiago and Teja (MT) and Alwi-Garlapati models correlate the data better than other models (corresponding AARD% and AICc are 14.9, 13.1 and −518.89, −504.14, respectively). The correlation effectiveness of the models is evaluated in terms of Corrected Akaike’s Information Criterion (AICc). Finally, enthalpy of solvation and vaporization of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate are calculated and reported. The new model proposed in this study can be used for the combination of any complex compound with any supercritical fluid.
Urolithin A attenuates auditory cell senescence by activating mitophagy
Authors: Cho Sung Il , Jo Eu-Ri , Song Hansoo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAging of sensory organs is associated with a decline in mitochondrial function and the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Impaired mitophagy blocks the turnover of dysfunctional mitochondria and leads to their accumulation. Urolithin A (UA) induces mitophagy in various mammalian cells. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of the mitophagy activator, UA, on premature senescent auditory cells. The levels of cellular senescence-associated p53 and p21 significantly increased in H2O2-induced senescent House Ear Institute‐Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells and cochlear explants. However, the levels of mitophagy-related molecules significantly decreased. UA significantly decreased the expression of senescence-associated p53 and p21, and increased the expression of mitophagy-related proteins, in H2O2-induced senescent cells and cochlear explants. The percentage of β-galactosidase-stained senescent cells also reduced in H2O2-treated cells and cochlear explants upon UA pre-treatment. The formation of mitophagosomes and mitophagolysosomes was restored upon UA pre-treatment of H2O2-induced senescent cells. The knockdown of mitophagy-related genes (Parkin and Bnip3) resulted in annulment of UA-induced anti-senescent activity. UA significantly increased the ATP content, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential in senescent HEI-OC1 cells. These findings indicate that UA counteracted mitophagy decline and prevented premature senescence in auditory cells. Hence, UA administration might be a promising strategy for preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with age-related hearing loss.
AMYPred-FRL is a novel approach for accurate prediction of amyloid proteins by using feature representation learning
Authors: Charoenkwan Phasit , Ahmed Saeed , Nantasenamat Chanin , Quinn Julian M. W. , Moni Mohammad Ali , Lio’ Pietro , Shoombuatong Watshara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAmyloid proteins have the ability to form insoluble fibril aggregates that have important pathogenic effects in many tissues. Such amyloidoses are prominently associated with common diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. There are many types of amyloid proteins, and some proteins that form amyloid aggregates when in a misfolded state. It is difficult to identify such amyloid proteins and their pathogenic properties, but a new and effective approach is by developing effective bioinformatics tools. While several machine learning (ML)-based models for in silico identification of amyloid proteins have been proposed, their predictive performance is limited. In this study, we present AMYPred-FRL, a novel meta-predictor that uses a feature representation learning approach to achieve more accurate amyloid protein identification. AMYPred-FRL combined six well-known ML algorithms (extremely randomized tree, extreme gradient boosting, k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine) with ten different sequence-based feature descriptors to generate 60 probabilistic features (PFs), as opposed to state-of-the-art methods developed by a single feature-based approach. A logistic regression recursive feature elimination (LR-RFE) method was used to find the optimalmnumber of 60 PFs in order to improve the predictive performance. Finally, using the meta-predictor approach, the 20 selected PFs were fed into a logistic regression method to create the final hybrid model (AMYPred-FRL). Both cross-validation and independent tests showed that AMYPred-FRL achieved superior predictive performance than its constituent baseline models. In an extensive independent test, AMYPred-FRL outperformed the existing methods by 5.5% and 16.1%, respectively, with accuracy and MCC of 0.873 and 0.710. To expedite high-throughput prediction, a user-friendly web server of AMYPred-FRL is freely available athttp://pmlabstack.pythonanywhere.com/AMYPred-FRL. It is anticipated that AMYPred-FRL will be a useful tool in helping researchers to identify new amyloid proteins.
Unravelling seasonal trends in coastal marine heatwave metrics across global biogeographical realms
Authors: Thoral François , Montie Shinae , Thomsen Mads S. , Tait Leigh W. , Pinkerton Matthew H. , Schiel David R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMarine heatwaves (MHWs) can cause dramatic changes to ecologically, culturally, and economically important coastal ecosystems. To date, MHW studies have focused on geographically isolated regions or broad-scale global oceanic analyses, without considering coastal biogeographical regions and seasons. However, to understand impacts from MHWs on diverse coastal communities, a combined biogeographical-seasonal approach is necessary, because (1) bioregions reflect community-wide temperature tolerances and (2) summer or winter heatwaves likely affect communities differently. We therefore carried out season-specific Theil–Sen robust linear regressions and Pettitt change point analyses from 1982 to 2021 on the number of events, number of MHW days, mean intensity, maximum intensity, and cumulative intensity of MHWs, for each of the world’s 12 major coastal biogeographical realms. We found that 70% of 240 trend analyses increased significantly, 5% decreased and 25% were unaffected. There were clear differences between trends in metrics within biogeographical regions, and among seasons. For the significant increases, most change points occurred between 1998 and 2006. Regression slopes were generally positive across MHW metrics, seasons, and biogeographical realms as well as being highest after change point detection. Trends were highest for the Arctic, Northern Pacific, and Northern Atlantic realms in summer, and lowest for the Southern Ocean and several equatorial realms in other seasons. Our analysis highlights that future case studies should incorporate break point changes and seasonality in MHW analysis, to increase our understanding of how future, more frequent, and stronger MHWs will affect coastal ecosystems.
Rising trends in obesity prevalence among Royal Thai Army personnel from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Sakboonyarat Boonsub , Poovieng Jaturon , Jongcherdchootrakul Kanlaya , Srisawat Phutsapong , Hatthachote Panadda , Mungthin Mathirut , Rangsin Ram 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObesity is an essential health issue leading to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) as well as atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to determine the trends in obesity prevalence among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and their associated factors using the health examination of RTA personnel database. A series of cross-sectional studies were conducted from 2017 to 2021. A self-report guide was created using a standardized case report form to obtain demographic characteristics and determine behavioral risk factors. Obesity was defined as BMI $$\ge$$
≥
25 kg/m2, and a total of 512,476 RTA personnel nationwide were included. Obesity prevalence rose from 42.1% (95% CI 41.7–42.4) in 2017 to 44.2% (95% CI 43.9–44.5) in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). A significant surge was observed in obesity prevalence among young RTA personnel aged 18–24 years from 23.7% in 2017 to 28.4% in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). Higher age individuals, male participants and RTA personnel residing in Bangkok tended to have a significantly higher risk for obesity. Further, regular exercise was a protective factor for obesity. Our data emphasized that obesity among the RTA personnel has been continuously rising over one half-decade, especially among young adults.
Curiosity for information predicts wellbeing mediated by loneliness during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Losecaat Vermeer A. B. , Muth A. , Terenzi D. , Park S. Q. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic confronted humans with high uncertainty and lockdowns, which severely disrupted people’s daily social and health lifestyles, enhanced loneliness, and reduced well-being. Curiosity and information-seeking are central to behavior, fostering well-being and adaptation in changing environments. They may be particularly important to maintain well-being during the pandemic. Here, we investigated which motives drive information-seeking, and whether and how curiosity and information-seeking related to well-being and mood (excitement, anxiety). Additionally, we tested whether daily diet contributed to this relationship during lockdown. Participants (N = 183) completed questionnaires measuring curiosity, information-seeking, social and mental health. Using a smartphone app, participants submitted their daily food intake and lifestyle ratings for a week. We found participants had highest motivation to seek positive (vs. negative) information, concerning themselves more than others. Both trait curiosity and information-seeking predicted higher well-being, mediated by loneliness. Trait curiosity also predicted well-being and excitement days later. Considering diet, participants with lower trait curiosity ate food containing more tyrosine (i.e., dopamine precursor). Furthermore, participants consuming food high in sugar reported higher anxiety, which was specifically found in participants with relatively low, but not high, trait curiosity. Taken together, curiosity and information-seeking may benefit well-being and mood in high uncertain and challenging times, by interacting with lifestyle measures (loneliness and nutrition).
Study on mechanism of improving efficiency of permanent-magnet small ball-end magnetorheological polishing by increasing magnetorheological fluid temperature
Authors: Tian Jinchuan , Chen Mingjun , Liu Henan , Qin Biao , Cheng Jian , Sun Yazhou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPermanent-magnet small ball-end magnetorheological polishing method can be used to polish the small part with complex structure. However, the material removal rate of this method is low, which is difficult to improve the output and reduce the cost. In this research, the effect of magnetorheological fluid temperature on the material removal rate is theoretically analyzed by measuring the effect of temperature on the flow properties of magnetorheological fluid, establishing the hydrodynamic model of polishing zone and solving the material removal parameters. It is found that with the increase of the magnetorheological fluid temperature, the polishing relative velocity increases accordingly, which can promote the improvement of material removal rate. But the shear stress decreases accordingly, which inhibits the improvement of material removal rate. The verification experiment results show that the promoting effect can exceeds the inhibitory effect, so that the material removal rate increases with the increase of magnetorheological fluid temperature. When the magnetorheological fluid temperature increases to 60 °C, the material removal rate is improved by 108.4% and the polished surface roughness Sa can reach 14.9 nm. Therefore, increasing the magnetorheological fluid temperature can significantly improve the efficiency of permanent-magnet small ball-end magnetorheological polishing and obtain high quality polished surface.
The repeatability and agreement of biometric measurements by dual Scheimpflug device with integrated optical biometer
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Sardari Sara , Yekta Abbasali , Khabazkhoob Mehdi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo determine the repeatability of biometric measurements by dual Scheimpflug Devices with Integrated Optical Biometers and its agreement with partial coherence interferometry according to the axial length (AL), and the presence of cataracts. The present population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on the geriatric population in Tehran. For participants, imaging was performed by dual Scheimpflug Devices with Integrated Optical Biometers (Galilei G6) and partial coherence interferometry (IOL Master 500). All measurements were performed by one person. In both normal and cataractous eyes, the ICC values were above 0.99 for three measurements of AL, intraocular lens (IOL) power target, anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), flat and steep keratometry readings, and mean total corneal power (MTCP). The repeatability coefficient for the AL measurements was 0.003 and 0.002 in eyes with and without cataracts, respectively. The mean difference of AL between IOL Master 500 and Galilei G6 in normal and cataractous eyes was 0.015 and −0.003 mm, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of AL between these two devices were −0.09 to 0.12 mm in normal and −0.09 to 0.08 mm in cataractous eyes. The 95% LoA of ACD between the two devices was −0.13 to 0.36 mm and −0.10 to 0.31 mm in eyes without and with cataracts, respectively. The 95% LoA of steep K between the two devices was −0.63 to 0.32 and −1.04 to 0.89 diopter in normal and cataractous eyes, respectively. The results of the present study indicate the high repeatability of Galilei G6 in ocular biometric measurements. Galilei biometric measurements, had a very high agreement with the IOL Master 500.