bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Oral Extranodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Said Rania Hanafi Mahmoud , Hussein Fatma F. , El-Deeb Amal M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective Lymphomas are the third most common cancer after squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors. Extranodal diffuse B cell lymphoma (DBCL) represents 30 to 58% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One of the major problems of DBCL is the high likelihood of disease relapse following treatment. A recent trend in the treatment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is blockage of an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed death of cell ligand 1 receptors (PD-L1). PD-L1 activation results in negative regulatory signals that induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor antigen-specific T cells allowing immune evasion of the tumor.The aim of this aim is to measure the expression level of PD-L1 on oral tissue samples from DLBCL patients using immunohistochemistry.
Materials and Methods This current study was performed at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt. Ethical approval was conducted from Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Tissue samples were collected from 13 patients diagnosed with oral extranodal DLBCL) nongerminal center B cell like subtype. Both hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining (The avidin-biotin-complex procedure) was performed with anti-PD-L1 antibody (clone number: 28–8, Abcam, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States).Cytoplasmic and/or membranous positive intensity was graded as follows: very mild staining, mild staining, moderate staining, and intense staining using Image J, 1.41a (National Institutes of Health, United States) image analysis software. The mean area fraction of the stained cells was calculated by counting immunostained cells in three fields of each case by two pathologists. Data was entered in SPSS program for analysis.
Results PD-L1 was overexpressed on tumor cells of oral extranodal DLBCL than control cells from lesion free areas of oral tissues of the same patient.
Optimizing Quality of Life and Minimizing Morbidity through Nasal Preservation in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: A Contemporary Review
Authors: Pinheiro-Neto Carlos , Rowan Nicholas R. , Celda Maria Peris , Mukherjee Debraj , Gompel Jamie J. Van , Choby Garret 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction Endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) are increasingly utilized for intracranial pathology. As opposed to sinonasal tumors, the nasal cavity is being used as a corridor to access these intracranial tumors but is not the site of primary surgical intent. Accordingly, there has been recent interest in preserving intranasal structures not directly involved by tumor and improving postoperative sinonasal quality of life (QOL).
Objectives The aim of the study is to highlight recent advances in EEA techniques focused on improving sinonasal QOL including turbinate preservation, reducing the morbidity of reconstructive techniques, and the development of alternative minimally invasive EEA corridors.
Methods The method of the study involves contemporary literature review and summary of implications for clinical practice.
Results Nasoseptal flap (NSF) harvest is associated with significant morbidity including septal perforation, prolonged nasal crusting, and external nasal deformities. Various grafting and local rotational flaps have demonstrated the ability to significantly limit donor site morbidity. Free mucosal grafts have re-emerged as a reliable reconstructive option for sellar defects with an excellent sinonasal morbidity profile. Middle turbinate preservation is achievable in most EEA cases and has not been shown to cause postoperative obstructive sinusitis. Recently developed minimally invasive EEA techniques such as the superior ethmoidal approach have been described to better preserve intranasal structures while allowing intracranial access to resect skull base tumors and have shown promising sinonasal QOL results.
Conclusion This contemporary review discusses balancing effective skull base reconstructive techniques with associated morbidity, the role of turbinate preservation in EEA, and the development of unique EEA techniques that allow for increased nasal structure preservation.
Preoperative Statin Exposure Reduces Periprosthetic Fractures and Revisions following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sax Oliver C. , Bains Sandeep S. , Chen Zhongming , Douglas Scott J. , Nace James , Delanois Ronald E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with and without prior history of statin use. We specifically evaluated (1) 90-day to 2-year periprosthetic fractures, (2) revisions, and (3) respective risk factors. We queried a national, all-payer database for patients undergoing primary TKA between 2010 and 2020. Chronic statin exposure was then identified and defined as more than three prescriptions filled within 1 year prior to TKA (statin users). A control cohort of patients undergoing TKA without the prior history of statin use was then created (statin naïve). Cohorts were matched 1:1 based on age range, Charlson Comorbidity Index, sex, diabetes, obesity, and tobacco use, yielding 579,136 patients. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the risk factors for periprosthetic fractures and revisions, adjusted for demographics and comorbidities. Statin users had a lower incidence of periprosthetic fractures from 90 days to 2 years compared with the statin naïve (p < 0.001). Similarly, statin users had a lower incidence of revisions at 90 days to 2 years (p < 0.001). Using the statin-naïve cohort as a reference, statin use was independently associated with decreased odds of periprosthetic fractures and revisions. Statin use was associated with a reduced risk of periprosthetic fractures and revisions. These results may mitigate postoperative risks though statin therapy is currently not recommended for fracture-related benefits alone.
Physiotherapie bei Ataxie
Authors: Brötz Doris 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungVereinbaren Sie mit ihren Patient*innen Ziele und wählen Sie Übungen, die alltagsorientiert sind und sich am Bedarf der Betroffenen ausrichten. Alle Übungen folgen den übergeordneten Zielen, die Koordinations-fähigkeit und die Balance zu verbessern sowie Steifheit und Angst zu verringern.
The affactivefå‘get’ construction in Danish
Authors: Nielsen Peter Juul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs in many other Germanic languages, Modern Danish combines the verbfå‘get’ and a semantic main verb in the supine form (the uninflected perfect participle). Three main types of the construction are found: an agentive type typically interpreted as expressing successful intentional action and two non-agentive types: one with a ditransitive main verb and promotion of the indirect object to subject status, and one with a non-valency-bound subject typically interpreted as a Beneficiary. Based on a functional framework, the paper presents a corpus study of the construction and an analysis unifying all three main types in a commonAffactive Constructionwhose functional contribution is the specification of the subject as anAfficiary(Beneficiary or Maleficiary). The distinction between agentive and non-agentive interpretation is analysed as a voice distinction between active and passive.
Verbo-Nominal Constructions withkommen‘come’ in German
Authors: Smirnova Elena , Stöber Vanessa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe paper presents the results of a diachronic study of the light verb constructions containing the German verbkommen‘come’ accompanied by a prepositional phrase containing a deverbal noun and the prepositionzu‘to’. The analysis is based on the corpus data from the DTA (DeutschesTextarchiv) between 1600 and 1900. The aim of the paper is to integrate traditional grammatical descriptions ofFunktionsverbgefügewith grammaticalization and lexicalization approaches as well as with more recent usage-based constructionist approaches. In doing so, the view of composite predicates as more or less grammaticalized or more or less lexicalized constructions will be challenged by offering empirical evidence in favor of a more diversified account. It will be argued that it is often a matter of the methodological perspective as to which particular status is assigned to a structure under investigation.
Clause linkage and degrees of grammaticalization
Authors: Diewald Gabriele , Czicza Dániel , Dekalo Volodymyr 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with different types of verbal complementation of theGermanverbverdienen. It focuses on constructions that have been undergoing a grammaticalization process and thus express deontic modality, as inSie verdient geliebt zu werden(ʽShe deserves to be lovedʼ) andSie verdient zu leben(ʽShe deserves to liveʼ) (Diewald, Dekalo & Czicza 2021). These constructions are connected to parallel complementation types with passive and active infinitives containing a correlatees, as inSie verdient es, geliebt zu werdenandSie verdient es, zu leben, as well as finite clauses with the subordinatordasswith and without correlativees, as inSie verdient, dass sie geliebt wirdandSie verdient es, dass sie geliebt wird. This paper attempts to show a close comparative investigation of these six types of constructions based on their relevant semantic and syntactic properties in terms of clause linkage (Lehmann 1988). We analyze the relevant data retrieved from the DWDS corpus of the 20th century and present an expanded grammaticalization path forverdienen-constructions. The finite complementation withdassis regarded as an example of a separate structural option called “elaboration”. Concerning the use of correlativees, it is shown that it does not have any substantial effect on the grammaticalization of modalverdienen-constructions.
Search efficiency in the Adam–Delbrück reduction-of-dimensionality scenario versus direct diffusive search
Authors: Grebenkov Denis S , Metzler Ralf , Oshanin Gleb 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The time instant—the first-passage time (FPT)—when a diffusive particle (e.g., a ligand such as oxygen or a signalling protein) for the first time reaches an immobile target located on the surface of a bounded three-dimensional domain (e.g., a hemoglobin molecule or the cellular nucleus) is a decisive characteristic time-scale in diverse biophysical and biochemical processes, as well as in intermediate stages of various inter- and intra-cellular signal transduction pathways. Adam and Delbrück put forth the reduction-of-dimensionality concept, according to which a ligand first binds non-specifically to any point of the surface on which the target is placed and then diffuses along this surface until it locates the target. In this work, we analyse the efficiency of such a scenario and confront it with the efficiency of a direct search process, in which the target is approached directly from the bulk and not aided by surface diffusion. We consider two situations: (i) a single ligand is launched from a fixed or a random position and searches for the target, and (ii) the case of ‘amplified’ signals when N ligands start either from the same point or from random positions, and the search terminates when the fastest of them arrives to the target. For such settings, we go beyond the conventional analyses, which compare only the mean values of the corresponding FPTs. Instead, we calculate the full probability density function of FPTs for both scenarios and study its integral characteristic—the ‘survival’ probability of a target up to time t. On this basis, we examine how the efficiencies of both scenarios are controlled by a variety of parameters and single out realistic conditions in which the reduction-of-dimensionality scenario outperforms the direct search.
Optimization of plasma spray process variables to attain the minimum porosity and maximum hardness of the LZ/YSZ thermal barrier coatings utilizing the response surface approach
Authors: Mathanbabu M , Thirumalaikumarasamy D , Tamilselvi M , kumar Somasurendra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lanthanum zirconate (LZ) has emerged as a novel thermal barrier coating (TBC) material because of its higher temperature phase stability, and low sintering ability than the current standard yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). In order to combine the advantages, LZ and YSZ feedstock powders are blended with predetermined weight ratios (50:50) as composite coatings. The leading issue in developing the composite coating using the atmospheric plasma spray method (APS) is finding the optimum range of input parameters to attain the desired coating properties. This issue can be resolved by developing empirical relations to find the porosity and microhardness of the coating by the atmospheric plasma spray method (APS). Spray parameters such as input power, spray distance, and powder feed rate are vital in determining the coating quality. Three variables and five levels of central composite rotatable design (CCD) to reduce the overall run of the experiment were utilized in the research. The empirical relations were predicted to find the porosity and microhardness of the specimens with APS process parameters, and the empirical relations were examined through ANOVA. Optimizing the plasma spray parameters was done using response surface methodology (RSM), which provides the minimum porosity and maximum hardness. It is validated using surface response graphs, contour plots, and overlay plots. As a result, the input power has the greatest impact on the coating properties among the three variables, and the standoff distance and powder feed rate are the subsequent important spray parameters.
Simulation and experiments on the performance of Co and Mo doped AgNi contact materials
Authors: Wang Jingqin , Jia Jiying , Cui Defeng , Guo Peijian , Lu Ningyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In response to the inadequacy of experimental methods to explore the effect of doping modification on the performance of AgNi contact materials, the Ag/Ni interface simulation model was established based on the first-principles density functional theory to study the interfacial stability and electronic structure of Ag/Ni with Co-doped and Mo-doped. The stability at the interface can directly affect the anti-melt welding performance of AgNi contact materials. The doping can enhance the interfacial bonding stability of Ag/Ni, the hybridization of Ag and Ni orbitals and the bonding strength of Ag-Ni metal bonds, among which the Mo-doped Ag/Ni has the best stability. The contact materials were prepared by powder metallurgy method. Wettability test and electrical contact performance test were conducted on AgNi contacts before and after doping. It was found that Co and Mo doping improved the anti-melt welding performance and anti-arc erosion performance of the intrinsic contact materials, which verified the simulation conclusions. The doping of Mo in AgNi contacts resulted in a substantial reduction of melt welding force and a significant reduction of material loss, which had the most obvious improvement effect on the contact materials.
Field induced electron emission from graphene nanostructures
Authors: Gao Yanlin , Okada Susumu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electric fields play a crucial role in modulating the electronic properties of nanoscale materials. Electron emission, induced by an electric field, is a representative phenomenon. Experimental and theoretical aspects of such electron emission from graphene are briefly reviewed. The emission occurs at the edge of graphene flakes, not at the surface, because the edge highly concentrates the electric field. Emission currents are sensitive to the edge shapes and edge functionalization. This review provides guiding principles for designing high-efficiency field-emission devices by using graphene nanostructures.
Meta-learning spiking neural networks with surrogate gradient descent
Authors: Stewart Kenneth M , Neftci Emre O 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdaptive ‘life-long’ learning at the edge and during online task performance is an aspirational goal of artificial intelligence research. Neuromorphic hardware implementing spiking neural networks (SNNs) are particularly attractive in this regard, as their real-time, event-based, local computing paradigm makes them suitable for edge implementations and fast learning. However, the long and iterative learning that characterizes state-of-the-art SNN training is incompatible with the physical nature and real-time operation of neuromorphic hardware. Bi-level learning, such as meta-learning is increasingly used in deep learning to overcome these limitations. In this work, we demonstrate gradient-based meta-learning in SNNs using the surrogate gradient method that approximates the spiking threshold function for gradient estimations. Because surrogate gradients can be made twice differentiable, well-established, and effective second-order gradient meta-learning methods such as model agnostic meta learning (MAML) can be used. We show that SNNs meta-trained using MAML perform comparably to conventional artificial neural networks meta-trained with MAML on event-based meta-datasets. Furthermore, we demonstrate the specific advantages that accrue from meta-learning: fast learning without the requirement of high precision weights or gradients, training-to-learn with quantization and mitigating the effects of approximate synaptic plasticity rules. Our results emphasize how meta-learning techniques can become instrumental for deploying neuromorphic learning technologies on real-world problems.
massDatabase: utilities for the operation of the public compound and pathway database
Authors: Shen Xiaotao , Wang Chuchu , Snyder Michael P 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSummaryOne of the major challenges in liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry data is converting many metabolic feature entries to biological function information, such as metabolite annotation and pathway enrichment, which are based on the compound and pathway databases. Multiple online databases have been developed. However, no tool has been developed for operating all these databases for biological analysis. Therefore, we developed massDatabase, an R package that operates the online public databases and combines with other tools for streamlined compound annotation and pathway enrichment. massDatabase is a flexible, simple and powerful tool that can be installed on all platforms, allowing the users to leverage all the online public databases for biological function mining. A detailed tutorial and a case study are provided in the Supplementary Material.Availability and implementationhttps://massdatabase.tidymass.org/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Beyond financialisation: thelongue duréeof finance and production in the Global South
Authors: Koddenbrock Kai , Kvangraven Ingrid Harvold , Sylla Ndongo Samba 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the central premises of the literature on financialisation is that we have been living in a new era of capitalism, characterised by a historical shift in the finance-production nexus. Finance has expanded to a disproportionate economic size and, more importantly, has divorced from productive economic pursuits. In this paper, we explore these claims of ‘expansion’ and ‘divorce’ based on a longue durée analysis of the link between finance and production in Senegal and Ghana. As such, we de-centre the dominant approach to financialisation. Seen from the South, we argue that although there has been expansion of financial motives and practices the ‘divorce’ between the financial and the productive economy cannot be considered a new empirical phenomenon having occurred during the last decades and even less an epochal shift of the capitalist system. The tendency for finance to neglect the needs of the domestic productive sector has been the structural operation of finance in many parts of the Global South over the last 150 years. Therefore, one cannot put forward a theory of the evolution of finance under capitalism without taking these crucial historical insights into account.
Inside out: human mobility big data show how COVID-19 changed the urban network structure in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Authors: Kim Young-Long , Jun Bogang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed human mobility patterns in cities. Lockdowns, social distancing and flexible working hours have restructured pre-existing dynamics between two opposing forces in major cities: centripetal and centrifugal. To scrutinise the new dynamics, human mobility in the Seoul Metropolitan Area in early 2020 was investigated using big data collected from cell phone activity. By suggesting a network-based approach to untangle complex human mobility in the urban network, this research contributes to understanding how the COVID-19 shock impacted human mobility patterns in everyday life and how human behaviours adapted to the new normal.
Sex-dependent increase of movement activity in the freshwater isopodAsellus aquaticusfollowing adaptation to a predator-free cave habitat
Authors: Berisha Hajriz , Horváth Gergely , Fišer Žiga , Balázs Gergely , Fišer Cene , Herczeg Gábor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPopulations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity. However, when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity, the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-specific. Here, we compared movement activity of one cave (lack of predation) and three adjacent surface (high and diverse predation) populations of Asellus aquaticus, a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across Europe. We predicted 1) higher activity in cave than in surface populations, with 2) the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior, while females are not. Activity was assessed both in the presence and absence of light. Our results supported both predictions: movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations, particularly in males. Relaxed predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity, but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.
A set of Saccharomyces cerevisiae integration vectors for fluorescent dye labeling of proteins
Authors: Baek Inwha , Le Sarah N , Jeon Jongcheol , Chun Yujin , Reed Charlotte , Buratowski Stephen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Protein fusions are frequently used for fluorescence imaging of individual molecules, both in vivo and in vitro. The SNAP, CLIP, HALO (aka HaloTag7), and DHFR protein tags can be linked to small molecule dyes that provide brightness and photo-stability superior to fluorescent proteins. To facilitate fluorescent dye tagging of proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we constructed a modular set of vectors with various combinations of labeling protein tags and selectable markers. These vectors can be used in combination to create strains where multiple proteins labeled with different colored dyes can be simultaneously observed.
An Atlas Adapted to the Toda Flow
Authors: Martínez
Torres David , Tomei Carlos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We describe an atlas adapted to the Toda flow on the manifold of full flags of any non-compact real semisimple Lie algebra and on its Hessenberg-type submanifolds. We show that in the local coordinates of the atlas the Toda flow becomes linear. The local coordinates are also used to show that the Toda flow on the manifold of full flags is Morse–Smale, which generalizes the result for traceless matrices in [27] to arbitrary non-compact real semisimple Lie algebras. As a byproduct we describe new features of classical constructions in matrix theory.