bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-Imaging Studies of Highly Substituted Oxazole Derivatives as Organelle Targeting Fluorophores (OTFPs)
Authors: Adhikary Saswati , Mukherjee Kaustuv , Banerji Biswadip 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The field of biomedical science had progressed enormously in the past decade. With the advent of newer diagnostic tools for imaging, detection and identification root cause of a disease has become remarkably accurate and specific. Small organic fluorophores in these connections are in great demand currently for cellular organelle sensing and detecting, due to their non-invasiveness, excellent accuracy and bio-sensitivity. Small molecule fluorescence probes offer most potent area for biological sensing with diagnostic imaging ability in the laboratory, these organelle targetable fluorescent probes (OTFPs) can be tuned through synthetic manipulations to produce desired, decent fluorescence properties. When a suitable organelle specific targetable group is installed within these highly fluorescent scaffolds, then these molecules may act as lysotracker, mitotracker and cytoplasm-stainer in mammalian cells with high efficiencies (high Pearson co-efficient factors). The present work demonstrated an environmentally benign (green) one-pot, C (sp3) − H functionalization of highly substituted oxazole derivatives with excellent photophysical properties. These molecules were further modified by installing organelle specific targetable groups (sensors/detectors) which selectively localize in specific intra-cellular organelles.
Exploring computational techniques for simulating residual stresses for thin wall multi-joint hexagon configurations for a laser directed energy deposition process
Authors: Mohajernia Bita , Urbanic Jill 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Laser cladding is a directed energy deposition process, and can lead to high residual stresses, which can compromise the quality of the specimen. As a result, it is crucial to accurately predict and investigate the residual stress distribution in cladded parts and understand the mechanism of formation. In this study a thermo-mechanical metallurgical simulation model of the laser cladding process was developed for three different path strategies with respect to the deposition sequence and direction for a single layer, thin wall hexagon with inner junctions to investigate the formation of residual stress. The study was extended to a five layer scenario. A comparison of two types of computational techniques, the detailed transient approach and the imposed thermal cycle approach, was performed. Consistent results were observed when comparing the resultant stress patterns. Subsequently, the imposed thermal cycle method was applied for the five layer models. A preheat scenario is explored. This reduced the computational cost to great extent, but the stress patterns were not similar. The differences between the implemented computational techniques are described as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each. Knowledge obtained from these case studies provides a foundation for efficient and rapid optimization of laser cladding processes, with the aim of minimizing residual stress in both simple and complex laser cladding structures.
Intraspecies characterization of bacteria via evolutionary modeling of protein domains
Authors: Budimir Iva , Giampieri Enrico , Saccenti Edoardo , Diez Maria Suarez , Tarozzi Martina , Dall’Olio Daniele , Merlotti Alessandra , Curti Nico , Remondini Daniel , Castellani Gastone , Sala Claudia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The characterization of bacterial communities that colonize a biological ecosystem is crucial for both the monitoring of infections and epidemics and the study of the health of organisms that live in a symbiotic relationship with bacteria. This is the case of humans, for which the connection between health and microbiota is now well established. To this aim, a commonly used technique is the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene DNA derived from the sample of interest. This is usually followed by the pairwise comparison of the measured sequences, and by their association to human-made labels through taxonomic classification. Here, we propose a new approach to define the phylogenetic distance between bacteria based on protein domains: the evolving units of proteins. We analyse 3368 bacterial genomes. We derive their protein domain composition and, using an ecological modeling approach in which protein domains are considered as species that populate the genome, we derive a new measurement of phylogenetic distance. We show that our model-based distance is capable of detecting differences between bacteria in cases in which the 16S rRNA-based method fails, providing a possibly complementary approach particularly promising for the analysis of bacterial populations measured by shotgun sequencing.
Towards telediagnostic procedures in child neuropsychiatry: addressing ADHD diagnosis and autism symptoms through supervised machine learning
Authors: Rosi Eleonora , Grazioli Silvia , Crippa Alessandro , Candelieri Antonio , Ceccarelli Silvia Busti , Mauri Maddalena , Manzoni Martina , Mauri Valentina , Trabattoni Sara , Molteni Massimo , Colombo Paola , Nobile Maria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recently there has been an increase in telemedicine applied to child neuropsychiatry, such as the use of online platforms to remotely collect anamnestic and behavioral information. In the present proof-of-concept study, we aimed to understand to what extent information provided by parents and teachers through online questionnaires overlaps with clinicians’ diagnostic conclusions on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Moreover, we intended to explore a possible role played by autism spectrum disorders (ASD) symptoms in this process. We examined parent- and teacher-rated questionnaires collected remotely and an on-site evaluation of intelligence quotients from 342 subjects (18% females), aged 3 to 16 years, referred for suspected ADHD. A machine learning model (decision tree, DT) was built to simulate the clinical process of classifying ADHD/non-ADHD. Differences in ASD symptoms in the DT-identified classes were tested to address their role in performing a diagnostic error using the DT model. The DT identified the decision rules adopted by clinicians to classify ADHD diagnosis and proved accurate in 82% of our subjects. The caregiver-reported ADHD core symptom severity proved the most discriminative information for clinicians during the diagnostic decision process. However, ASD symptoms were a confounding factor when ADHD severity had to be established. Telehealth procedures proved effective in obtaining an automated output regarding a diagnostic risk, reducing the time delay between symptom detection and diagnosis. However, this should not be considered as an alternative to on-site procedures but as automated support for clinical practice, enabling clinicians to allocate more resources to the most complex cases.
The shell structure and chamber production cycle of the cephalopod Spirula (Coleoidea, Decapodiformes)
Authors: Checa Antonio G. , Grenier Christian , Griesshaber Erika , Schmahl Wolfgang W. , Cartwright Julyan H.E. , Salas Carmen , Oudot Morgane 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The coleoid cephalopod Spirula spirula, the only present-day representative of the coleoid order Spirulida, secretes a coiled shell consisting of a series of chambers divided by septa and connected by a siphuncle. It is the shell closest to those of ectochleate cephalopods: nautiloids, ammonoids. Therefore, its study is crucial in understanding the transformations that took place during the emergence of endocochleates. In this study, we have carried out detailed observations on the different structures composing the Spirula shell, with the aim of reconstructing their morphology, distribution, and mutual relationships. Alongside this, we also review the previous profuse terminology. Taking into account the additional information provided by growth lines and crystal orientations, we propose mechanisms for the secretion of the shell structures. All these mechanisms are integrated in a consistent way into a general model of chamber formation. The periostracum is secreted within a distinct periostracal groove. The outer shell layer is secreted externally to the periostracum by the soft tissues lining the shell externally. The internal shell layer is produced by the shell wall mantle, whereas the septa and the siphuncle are made periodically by a differentiated septal/siphuncular mantle. The most adoral septal mantle edge changes from secreting septal to internal shell wall material to produce the mural flap. The adapical ridge is formed by passive precipitates from cameral fluid residues trapped by surface tension, whereas the fibrous-prismatic deposits of the connecting ring are biominerals produced remotely within mantle secretions.
S3QLRDF: Distributed SPARQL Query Processing Using Apache Spark - A Comparative Performance Study
Authors: Hassan Mahmudul , Bansal Srividya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The proliferation of semantic data in the form of RDF (Resource Description Framework) triples demands an efficient, scalable, and distributed storage along with a highly available and fault-tolerant parallel processing strategy. There are three open issues with distributed RDF data management systems that are not well addressed altogether in existing work. First is the querying efficiency, second is that solutions are optimized for certain types of query patterns and don’t necessarily work well for all types, and third is concerned with reducing pre-processing cost. More precisely, the rapid growth of RDF data raises the need for an efficient partitioning strategy over distributed data management systems to improve SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) query performance regardless of its pattern shape with minimized pre-processing time. In this context, we propose a new relational partitioning schema called Property Table Partitioning (PTP) for RDF data, that further partitions existing Property Table into multiple tables based on distinct properties (comprising of all subjects with non-null values for those distinct properties) in order to minimize input size and number of join operations of a query. This paper proposed a distributed RDF data management system called S3QLRDF, which is built on top of Spark and utilizes SQL to execute SPARQL queries over PTP schema. The experimental analysis with respect to preprocessing costs and query performance, using synthetic and real datasets shows that S3QLRDF outperforms state-of-the-art distributed RDF management systems.
Vitamin D Deficiency With High Parathyroid Hormone Levels Is Related to Late Onset Sepsis Among Preterm Infants
Authors: I Tofe Valera , JL Pérez-Navero , Cañete MD , Caballero-Villarraso J , Villa-Jiménez R , Torre-Aguilar MJ 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Summary: Preterm infants (PT) are at greater risk for vitamin D deficiency, which relates to the possibility of a higher incidence of comorbidities. Our goal was twofold, 1) to monitor vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) serum levels at three-time points during hospitalization, and 2) to assess the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and outcome in pretermMethods: We carried out a follow-up on 50 Caucasian preterm infants ≤ 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) and/or ≤ 1500 g birth weigh PTs at 28 days and at 4 months. They were divided into two subgroups for tests of association with clinical outcomes based on vitamin D deficient infants (25(OH) D cord blood levels: ≤ 20 ng/ml). At an initial stage, 25-OHD levels were determined in maternal/preterm blood samples and were compared with full term delivery infants. Results: There were no differences in 25(OH) D serum levels at birth when comparing PTs to term infants, or regarding maternal levels. A strongly positive correlation was detected between maternal and neonatal 25(OH) D serum levels in term and preterm infants (r: 0.466; p < 0.001). Newborn with vitamin D deficiency did not have higher incidence in comorbidities. However, if we separate preterm babies in two groups based on vitamin D and PTH (group 1: vitamin D<20 ng/mL plus PTH>60 pg/mL and group 2: vitamin D>20 plus PTH<60 pg/mL), the PT in group 1 presented higher incidence of LOS (RR: 2 CI95%: 1.31-3.55). No relationship was observed between MMP-8 serum levels and the incidence of sepsis. Conclusions: This study did not find any evidence of an increase in preterm birth risk related to vitamin D level at birth. Vitamin D deficiency by itself it is not associated to higher incidence in comorbidities. However, the binomial vitamin D-PTH must be taken into consideration.
B-Tor:Anonymous Communication System Based on Consortium Blockchain
Authors: Xu Dawei , Gao Jiaqi , Zhu Liehuang , Gao Feng , Han Yang , Zhao Jian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Tor, an anonymous communication system that protects the privacy of individuals, is gaining more and more attention. However, there are some problems with the Tor system, such as: security issues such as vulnerability to de-anonymisation attacks, centralised and poorly scal-able directory servers, bot nodes disrupting the system; social issues such as illegal transactions in the dark web disrupting social security ; performance issues such as high communication latency and low system throughput. To address these issues, a new anonymous communication system, B-Tor, is designed and implemented based on the Tor architecture model and the mainstream consortium blockchain architecture , Fabric, which uses the decentralized feature of blockchain to solve the security problems in Tor. It also provides a solution to the problem of unregulated and illegal transactions in the system. The system meets the needs of users for anonymous communication while reducing the harm caused by the misuse of anonymous communication technology. The experiments show that B-Tor can achieve a decen-tralised structure by reading smart contracts to obtain consensus files, and that it can successfully receive consensus files 790629 times in 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Article Title 600s of testing time, with a success rate of 98%, an average through-put of 1312.9TPS and an average latency of 0.1s. The experimental results show that B-Tor has high efficiency, high load and low latency.
Spatiotemporal Analysis for the Effect of Hydraulic Fracturing and Stroke in the United States
Authors: Hu Chuanbo , Liu Bin , Wang Shuo , Zhu Zhenduo , Li Xin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing or fracking has led to a rapid growth of oil and gas production in the United States, but the impact of fracking on public health is an important but under-researched topic. We design a methodology to study spatio-temporal correlations between the risk of fracking and stroke mortality. An annualized loss expectancy (ALE) model is applied to quantify the risk of fracking. The Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) model is used to analyze spatio-temporal correlations of stroke mortality, fracking ALE, and nine other socioeconomic and health-related factors. The analysis shows that ALE from fracking is moderately correlated with stroke mortality at ages over 65 in most states of fracking, in addition to cardiovascular disease and drug overdose being positively correlated with stroke mortality. Furthermore, the correlations between fracking ALE and stroke mortality in men appear to be higher than in women near the Marcellus Shale, including Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Virginia, while stroke mortality among women is concentrated in the Great Plains, including Montana, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Lastly, within two kilometers of the fracking mining activity, it was found that the level of benzene in the air was significantly correlated with the fracking activity in Colorado.
MTX-PEG modified CG/DMMA polymeric micelles for targeted delivery of doxorubicin to induce synergistic autophagic death against triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Cao Zhiwen , Liu Rui , Li Yang , Luo Xinyi , Hua Zhenglai , Wang Xiangpeng , Xue Zeyu , Zhang Zhengjia , Lu Cheng , Lu Aiping , Liu Yuanyan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The chemotherapy of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on doxorubicin (DOX) regimens suffer from great challenges on toxicity and autophagy raised off-target. In this study, a conjugate methotrexate-polyethylene glycol (shorten as MTX-PEG) modified CG/DMMA polymeric micelles were prepared to endue DOX tumor selectivity and synergistic autophagic flux interference to reduce systematic toxicity and to improve anti-tumor capacity. The micelles could effectively promote the accumulation of autophagosomes in tumor cells and interfere with the degradation process of autophagic flux, collectively inducing autophagic death of tumor cells. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the micelles could exert improved anti-tumor effect and specificity, as well as reduced accumulation and damage of chemotherapeutic drugs in normal organs. The potential mechanism of synergistic autophagic death exerted by the synthesized micelles in MDA-MB-231 cells have been performed by autophagic flux-related pathway.
MRAP mediated adipocyte differentiation by thymic MSCs contributes to thymic adipose involution
Authors: Chen Wanjun , Wang Dandan , Fan Xiang , Liu Ousheng , Xu Junji , Fan Fudong , Wang Dongjin , Wen Xin , Han Yichen , Zanvit Peter , Park Sang A , Jin Wenwen , Sun Lingyun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Adipocyte deposition is believed to be a primary characteristic of age-related thymic involution, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. We show here that thymic mesenchymal stromal cells (tMSCs) are differentiated into adipocytes through melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP). Specifically, we found that in contrast to bone-forming MSCs isolated from dental pulp tissues, tMSCs were more susceptible to differentiate into adipocytes under adipogenic condition, but hardly to differentiate into bone tissues in osteogenic medium. We identified MRAP as a potential factor to drive tMSCs adipogenesis by global RNA-seq analysis and confirmed its key role by knockdown of Mrap in tMSCs in vitro and null mutation of Mrap in mice. The aged Mrap-knockout mice had enhanced thymic size and increased thymic weight with less adipocytes accumulation in the thymus. We further uncovered that thymosin-α1 promoted MRAP expression in tMSCs through FoxO1 signaling pathway. Moreover, tMSCs proportion increased in old mice compared to young mice. Importantly, human thymic MSCs also required MRAP to differentiate into adipocytes in response to thymosin-a1. Thus, we have revealed MRAP as a key factor in promoting thymic MSCs adipogenesis triggered by thymosin- α1 and FoxO1 pathway, which may serve as potential target to hinder adiposity in age- related thymic involution.
Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor)On the Capacity Analysis Performance of ASIC Based Hybrid Full and Half Duplex User Relaying Cooperative NOMA Systems
Authors: Hussain Qaisar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the hybrid full duplex (FD) and half duplex (HD) cooperative non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems with FD user relaying node under residual self interference (RSI). The systems suffer unnecessary user decoding delay due to iterative decoding nature of successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique at user relaying node. An advanced successive interference cancellation (ASIC) technique is proposed in the systems to overcome this problem. The ASIC scheme is implemented in the systems by mapping the received signal into number of subgroups. Then, the conventional SIC technique is applied to each of these subgroups to separate information signals. The proposed hybrid FD and HD user relaying cooperative NOMA systems with ASIC are investigated by deriving closed form analytical expressions of ergodic capacities for NOMA users and ergodic sum capacity. According to the analytical results, the proposed hybrid NOMA systems with ASIC have higher ergodic capacities for NOMA users and ergodic sum capacity than that of traditional hybrid NOMA systems with SIC. In addition, the proposed FD user relaying NOMA system with ASIC also has improved ergodic capacities for NOMA users and ergodic sum capacity than that of FD dedicated relaying NOMA system with ASIC.
Implications of Parkinson’s disease-associated alterations in the oral and gut microbiome on vitamin B12 biosynthesis and levodopa bioavailability
Authors: Aidy Sahar El , Kessel Sebastiaan van , Schwalbe Markus , Engen Phillip , Voigt Robin , Shaikh Maliha , Sanzo Gabriella , McNamara Patrick , Yerkan Alexander , Verhagen Leonard , Keshavarzian Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Small intestinal bacteria harboring tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) activity was shown to reduce levels of the main treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD), levodopa. However, it remains obscure whether the relative abundance of bacterial-TDC in the oral cavity and/or feces contributes to the decreased levodopa bioavailability and the frequency of dosage regimen of levodopa treatment. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of saliva and fecal samples collected from 19 PD patients requiring various levodopa dosage regimens (consumed between 2 and 7 times per day; dosage range between 300-1400 mg) and 16 age-matched household spousal healthy control subjects was employed. The composition of TDC- harboring bacteria differed between oral and fecal samples, as well as between fecal samples from PD patients compared to their controls. TDC-bacterial activity showed significant negative correlation with plasma levodopa levels measured over five hours in all PD patients, while TDC-bacterial relative abundance correlated positively with the daily levodopa dosage in PD patients on high frequency levodopa dosage regimen. PD fecal samples had markedly lower relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria. Functional analyses revealed differences in microbiota metabolism in PD involving lower vitamin B12 biosynthesis. Our data revealed a significant contribution of TDC to the decreased levodopa bioavailability and differences in fecal, but not the overall oral microbiota composition and metabolism between PD patients and their controls. These findings suggest that PD-associated alterations of the gut, but not oral microbiome, may render considerable functional gene profiling differences affecting levodopa bioavailability, host metabolism and motor-fluctuations.