bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does secondary data suffice? Protected area conflict analysis in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rechciński Marcin , Tusznio Joanna , Akhshik Arash , Grodzińska-Jurczak Małgorzata 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected an established way of analysing protected area (PA) conflicts. A compelled turn towards a broader use of secondary data evokes doubts about validity of the results unless restrictive assessment procedures are implemented. To address this need, we propose a three-fold (theory-, method-, and cross-scale simulation-driven) approach to assess usefulness of a state register dataset and a group of methods of the indicator analysis for recognizing PA conflict determinants at the regional and local level. With the ultimate aim to inform case study selection, we used 187 relevant indicators from the Polish Central Statistical Office register for a Lesser Poland region and processed them using principal component/exploratory factor and cluster analyses. We distinguished five types of PA conflict determinants in a region (‘urbanity’, ‘agriculture’, ‘tourism’, ‘small-scale entrepreneurship’ and ‘sprawl’) and respective groups of clusters comprising local-level units. Then, we selected one cluster to juxtapose the results with secondary data from another source (Internet content) for a specific PA. We confirmed that reported conflict issues corresponded with indicator-derived descriptors of the cluster. However, secondary data from the state register failed to address the key prerequisites of PA conflicts (parties’ interests and their mutual perception). Overall, our approach can serve as a proxy for a multi-level PA conflict determinant analysis in crisis conditions such as COVID-19, provided it synthesises the results of various methodological approaches, followed by in-person inquiries in the selected case studies.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of neurotrophic keratopathy in hispanic population in northeastern Mexico
Authors: Castillo Alberto , Arreola Jesús Enrique , Loya Denise , Valdez Jorge Eugenio , Valdez Jorge Eugenio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) in northeastern Mexico.
Methods
Cross-sectional study in which NK patients admitted to our ophthalmology clinic between 2015–2021 were consecutively enrolled. Data regarding demographics, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities were collected at the time diagnosis of NK was made.
Results
In the period from 2015 to 2021, a total of 74,056 patients were treated and of these 42 had a diagnosis of neurotrophic keratitis. The prevalence found was 5.67 [CI95 3.95 ~ 7.38] in 10,000 cases. The mean age observed was 59 ± 17.21 years (Table 1), occurring more frequently in males in 59% and with corneal epithelial defects in 66.7% (Table 1). The most frequent antecedents were the use of topical medications in 90% (Table 1), the presence of diabetes mellitus 2 in 40.5% (Table 1) and systemic arterial hypertension in 26.2% (Table 1). A higher proportion of male patients with corneal alterations and a higher proportion of female patients with corneal ulcerations and/or perforation were observed (Table 2).
Conclusion
Neurotrophic keratitis is an underdiagnosed disease with a broad clinical spectrum. The antecedents that were contracted corroborate what was reported in the literature as risk factors. The prevalence of the disease in this geographical area was not reported, so it is expected to increase over time when searching for it intentionally.
Impact of an empirical protocolized management in patients with isolated non-specific terminal ileal abnormalities (ulcer, erosions, and nodularity)-A pilot study
Authors: Kumar Raj , Nath Preetam , Anand Anil Chandra , Misra Pranati , Devisetty VJ , Tiwari Anirudh , Praharaj Dibya Lochan , Mallick Bipadabhanjan , Panigrahi Sarat Chandra , Acharya Subrat Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim:Non-specific terminal ileum abnormalities (INSTIA) are frequently observed on ileo-colonoscopic examinations, but their clinical significance is unclear. Moreover, there is no recommended protocol for the management of these abnormalities. Presuming infectious origin, a randomized controlled trial of empirical protocolized management with three commonly used antimicrobial agents was carried out with an aim to study its impact on patients with INSTIA. Methodology:Patients with INSTIA were randomized into two groups such as both symptomatic and empirical protocolized treatment with three commonly used antimicrobial agents [rifaximin, albendazole and tinidazole (group A)] and symptomatic treatment alone (group B). Clinical, endoscopic, and histological findings of these subjects were noted at baseline and after follow-up of 3 months. The primary outcome measure was mucosal healing on follow-up ileo-colonoscopy after 3 months.Results: A total of 60 patients with INSTIA were enrolled. The most prevalent symptoms were abdominal discomfort (61.6%), diarrhoea (41.6%), and constipation (40%). The incidence of ulcers, nodularity and erosions were 62.1%, 27.6%, 10.34% in group A and 58%, 29%, 13% in group B respectively. After a mean follow-up duration of 3.36 ± 0.27 months, both groups showed comparable resolution in clinical symptoms (92.4% vs 88.8%, p=0.954), ileo-colonoscopic findings (88.5%vs 81.5%, p=0.765), and histological characteristics (76.5%vs 70.4%, p=0.806).Conclusion: The clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological remission occurs in most patients with INSTIA. The use of empirical protocolized management with antimicrobials did not have any impact on the rate of mucosal healing in these patients.
Production of bio-composite films from gum Arabic and Galangal extract to prolong the shelf life of Agaricus bisporus
Authors: Gomaa Maha M , Fadly Enas El. , Salama Mohamed Abdelbaset , Abdin Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current study was performed to develop biodegradable films forming matrix composed from gum Arabic (GA) and different concentrations from Alpinia officinarum phenolic extract (AOE). The color indices, physical properties, surface shape, crystallinity, mechanical properties and thermal stability of produced films were investigated. The grafting of AOE extract inside GA films increased dark yellow color and reduced moisture, swelling, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP) of films. Furthermore, the scanning electron micrographs showed uniform structure with rough surface and turmoil spots in the structure by increasing AOE concentration inside films. Additionally, physically interaction occurred between AOE extract and GA polymer was proven by using FT-IR analysis. The fabricated films showed satisfied thermal stability manners with declining trend by incorporation of AOE inside GA films. Furthermore, the developed films showed significant effects on reducing the changes of browning index and firmness of Agaricus bisporus caps during storage days compared with commercial packaging materials.
Herbivorous fish microbiome adaptations to sulfated dietary polysaccharides
Authors: Podell Sheila , Oliver Aaron , Kelly Linda Wegley , Sparagon Wesley , Nelson Robert S. , Laurens Lieve M. L. , Sims Neil A. , Nelson Craig E. , Allen Eric E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background.
Gut microbiota of kyphosid herbivorous fish, known for feeding almost exclusively on red and brown macroalgae rich in sulfated polysaccharides, contain highly compartmentalized, herbivore-specific taxonomic compositions. The current study explores protein functional activities of microbial taxa comprising this system in digestive compartment-specific metagenomes, identifying specific enzyme associations contributing to macroalgal decomposition.
Results.
Assembled metagenomes from proximal gut samples were enriched in taxa most closely related to environmental marine species, especially Vibrio-related Gammaproteobacteria, which progressively decline in hindgut compartments in favor of host-specific groups often found in terrestrial vertebrate microbiomes, including Alistipes-related Bacteroidota, Clostridia-related Bacillota, uncharacterized Verrucomicrobiota, and Desulfovibrio-related Deltaproteobacteria. Predicted degradative capacity for sulfated macroalgal polysaccharides is highly enriched in fish hindgut samples, concomitant with expansion of Bacteroidota, Bacillota, and Verrucomicrobiota clades. Extracellularly exported arylsulfatase (SulfAtlas) and carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZy) classes associated with red and brown macroalgal digestion are greatly expanded in kyphosid fish gut versus terrestrial ruminant metagenomes. Genomic mapping of these fish gut-enriched gene functions reveals quantitative signatures suggesting polysaccharide utilization loci associations and coordinated networks of extracellularly exported enzymes targeting specific macroalgal polysaccharides. Co-localization frequencies provide insight into potential gene duplication events and suggest preferred substrates for previously uncharacterized arylsulfatase classes.
Conclusions.
Metagenomic networks of co-localized polysaccharide hydrolysis and sulfatase gene functions have been used to demonstrate distinct patterns of fish gut compartment-specific microbial enzymes targeting complex sulfated polysaccharides. These patterns reveal previously undescribed potential for cooperative exported enzyme activities and highlight prospective contributions of multiple bacterial taxa to overall digestive capabilities.
Phylogenetic placement of new species and combinations of Neopodoconis within Torulaceae
Authors: Qiu Ling , Hu Ya-Fen , Liu Jing-Wen , Xia Ji-Wen , Castañeda-Ruíz Rafael F. , Xu Zhao-Huan , Ma Jian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Five new species of Neopodoconis, N. jiangxiensis, N. meilingensis, N. obclavata, N. saprophyticus and N. sinensis are described and illustrated from specimens collected on dead branches of unidentified plants in China. Phylogenetic analysis of partial DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal small subunit (SSU) and nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU), using Maximum-Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI), supported the establishment of the five new species, and indicated a close relationship to Torulaceae in Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. Sporidesmioides and Rostriconidium are synonymised with Neopodoconis based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic data, and the new combinations Neopodoconis aquaticum, N. cangshanense, N. pandanicola and N. thailandica are proposed. A synoptic table to Neopodoconis species are provided.
HCK and IL1RN as potential gene targets of sepsis based on the bioinformatics and verification in the mice model
Authors: Wang Tao , Han Jian-ge , Dong Wei , Yu Yong-hao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is emergency and severe problem with high incidence and fatality rate. Sepsis may be related to genetic factors, chromosomal abnormalities, gene fusion and other factors, pathogenesis is not clear. In-depth research on molecular mechanism of sepsis is particularly important.Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify significant module. DAVID, metascape, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to make enrichment analysis for differently expressed genes (DEGs). Hub genes were screened and identified in protein-protein interaction network via Cytoscape. Construction of mouse model of sepsis was made in C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old), TNF-α, lactic acid, IL-6 were detected by ELISA assay to verify successful construction of sepsis model. RT-qPCR and ELISA were performed to test expression of hub genes. BP-neural network and support vector machine (SVM) were constructed with expression HCK, IL1RN, severity degree of sepsis.Results: Compared with normal group, relative expression of TNF-α, lactic acid, IL-6 via ELISA in sepsis animal model was higher (P<0.05). After therapy by hydrogen for sepsis mice, relative expression of TNF-α, lactic acid, IL-6 significantly decreased compared with sepsis group (P<0.05). After therapy of hydrogen, expression of HCK and IL1RN was down-regulated. Relativity among expression of HCK, IL1RN, sepsis was 0.99542 via BP-neural network. Relationship between predicted value and actual value is that: y=0.8954*x+16.2933, R2=0.9805, r=0.9948 in SVM model.Conclusion: HCK and IL1RN were significantly up-regulated in sepsis. They might be potential predictable biomarkers of sepsis, therapy of hydrogen was related to expression of HCK and IL1RN.
Two-loop amplitude generation in OpenLoops
Authors: Pozzorini Stefano , Schär Natalie , Zoller Max 
Published: June 2022

Numerical tools, such as OpenLoops, provide NLO scattering amplitudes for a very wide range of hard scattering amplitudes in a fully automated way. In order to match the numerical precision of current and future experiments, however, the higher precision of NNLO calculations is essential, and their automation in a similar tool highly desirable.In our approach, D-dimensional amplitudes are decomposed into loop-momentum tensor integrals with coefficients constructed in four dimensions and rational terms. We present a fully generic algorithm for the efficient numerical construction of the tensor coefficients, which constitutes an important building block for an automated NNLO tool.
Analytical and numerical solutions to describe water table fluctuations due to canal seepage and time-varying recharge
Authors: Upadhyaya Ashutosh , Kankarej Manisha M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hybrid finite analytic solution (HFAS), Galerkin's method based finite element solution (FES) and fully implicit finite difference solution (FIFDS) of one dimensional nonlinear Boussinesq equation and Analytical solution of Boussinesq equation linearized by Baumann's transformation (analytical solution I, AS I) as well as linearized by Werner's transformation (analytical solution II, AS II) were employed to obtain water table rise in a horizontal unconfined aquifer lying between two canals located at finite distance having different elevations and subjected to various patterns of recharge, i.e. zero recharge, constant recharge, as well as time varying recharge. Considering HFAS as benchmark solution, water table in mid region as obtained from FES followed by FIFDS was observed quite close to that obtained from HFAS and as per L2 and Tchebycheff norms computation, it was ranked at first and second place, respectively. Both AS I and AS II predicted higher water table at t = 5 days but at t = 10 days, AS I predicted lower and AS II predicted higher water table at all distances due to linearization effect. So, analytical solutions of linearized Boussinesq equation were rated lower than numerical solutions of nonlinear Boussinesq equation.
Insights into Melanoma Fibroblast Populations and Therapeutic Strategy
Perspectives: Friends or Foes?
Authors: Avagliano Angelica , Arcucci Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive and highly metastatic solid tumor
associated with drug resistance. Before 2011, despite therapies based on cytokines or
molecules inhibiting DNA synthesis, metastatic melanoma led to patient death within 18
months from diagnosis. However, recent studies on bidirectional interactions between melanoma
cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) have had a significant impact on the
development of new therapeutic strategies represented by targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
In particular, the heterogeneous stromal fibroblast populations, including fibroblasts,
fibroblast aggregates, myofibroblasts, and melanoma associated fibroblasts
(MAFs), represent the most abundant cell population of TME and regulate cancer growth
differently. Therefore, in this perspective article, we have highlighted the different impacts
of fibroblast populations on cancer development and growth. In particular, we focused
on the role of MAFs in sustaining melanoma cell survival, proliferation, migration
and invasion, drug resistance, and immunoregulation. The important role of constitutively
activated MAFs in promoting CM growth and immunoediting makes this cell type a
promising target for cancer therapy.
Construction of C-S and C-Se Bonds Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Under Metal-Free Conditions
Authors: Cheng Yifu , Li Guangchen , Jiang Luchen , Dong Yunyi , Zhan Xiangyu , Sun Fengxia , Du Yunfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
In the past few decades, the chemistry of hypervalent iodine reagents has undergone
a flourishing development in synthetic organic chemistry owing to their mild oxidative,
low toxicity, air and moisture stability, and environmentally benign features. A plethora of
oxidative coupling reactions have been conducted using hypervalent iodine reagents as nonmetallic
oxidants. In particular, the C-S and C-Se bond-forming reactions mediated by hypervalent
iodine reagents have emerged as a powerful approach in the construction of Scontaining
and Se-containing heterocycles or building blocks. In these reactions, hypervalent
iodine reagents behave as strong oxidants or electrophiles and activate the S-containing or Secontaining
species to form more electrophilic cationic or radical intermediates, which participate
in subsequent coupling reactions. It is anticipated that this review summarizes all C–S
and C-Se bonds forming reactions enabled by hypervalent iodine reagents under metal-free conditions.
Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Medicinal Applications: A Mini- Review
Authors: Sharma Shobhana , Singh Anupama 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:“Graphene oxide” is obtained by the reaction of two-dimensional graphene sheets with oxygen-containing oxidants, like atomic oxygen (O), hydroxyl (OH) and carboxyl (COOH). Graphene oxide-based nanomaterials are an interesting topic in research due to the presence of distinctive physicochemical properties in them. Biocompatibility is an important factor for applications in tissue engineering. The catalytic activity of carbon-based catalysts has been deeply affected by their surface chemistry. The presence of oxygen functionality at the graphene oxide surface provides reactive sites for chemical alteration. Graphene oxide (GO), is currently being used in biotechnology and medicine for the treatment of cancer, drug delivery, and also for cellular imaging and as anti-viral agent etc. Also, GO is characterized by various physicochemical properties, like nanoscale size, high surface area, and electrical charge. Recent studies suggest that several factors affect the biocompatibility of carbon-based nanomaterials.
Antimicrobials from Medicinal Plants: Key Examples, Success Stories and
Prospects in Tackling Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Tiwari Pragya , Bajpai Mangalam , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The rising statistics of antimicrobial resistance pose an alarming concern for the mankind.
The extensive/injudicious use of antibiotics in the environment, animal husbandry, and health
care have led to the alarming rise of infectious microbes developing resistance against conventional
drugs. The use of phytotherapeutics defines an attractive approach to tackling drug-resistant microbes,
attributed to their ability to target major antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, including efflux
pumps, biofilms, and cell membranes, among others. In recent times, the discovery and bioprospection
of plants for value-added metabolites have witnessed a tremendous upsurge, with several
phytomolecules demonstrating bactericidal and drug-resistance reversal properties. However,
several existing challenges, including their low concentration in plants, climatic variations, overutilization
of plant resources, and deforestation, have limited the utilization of phytotherapeutics.
Discussing the growing concern of drug-resistant microbes and antimicrobial resistance, the thematic
article discusses the existing and emerging scenarios of antimicrobial resistance in microbes. In
the post-antibiotic era, phytotherapeutics defines enormous potential to tackle the growing threat of
antimicrobial resistance, addressed through genetic engineering of microbes/plant systems for enhanced
antimicrobial production. The success stories of antimicrobials from medicinal plants, as
exemplified by key examples, associated challenges, possible strategies, and prospects of antimicrobials
in drug discovery, form the key underlying theme of the article.
Quality Assurance based on Deep Learning for Pelvic OARs Delineation
in Radiotherapy
Authors: Yu Hang , He Yisong , Fu Yuchuan , Li Xia , Zhang Jun , Liu Huan 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Correct delineation of organs at risk (OARs) is an important step for radiotherapy
and it is also a time-consuming process that depends on many factors.

Objective:
An automatic quality assurance (QA) method based on deep learning (DL) was proposed to
improve efficiency for detecting contouring errors of OARs.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 180 planning CT scan sets at the pelvic site and the corresponding
OARs contours from clinics were enrolled in this study. Among them, 140 cases were randomly chosen
as the training datasets, 20 cases were used as the validation datasets, and the remaining 20 cases
were used as the test datasets. DL-based models were trained through data curation for data cleaning
based on the Dice similarity coefficient and the 95th percentile Hausdorff distance between the original
contours and the predicted contours. All contouring errors could be classified into two types： minor
modification required and major modification required. The pass criteria were established using Bias-
Corrected and Accelerated bootstrap on 20 manually reviewed validation datasets. The performance of
the QA method was evaluated with the metrics of sensitivity, specificity, the area under the receiving
operator characteristic curve (AUC), and detection rate sensitivity on the 20 test datasets.

Results:
For all OARs, segmentation results after data curation were superior to those without. The
sensitivity of the QA method was greater than 0.890 and the specificity was higher than 0.975. The
AUCs were 0.948, 0.966, 0.965, and 0.932 for the bladder, right femoral head, left femoral head, and
rectum, respectively. Almost all major errors could be detected by the automatic QA method, and the
lowest detection rate sensitivity of minor errors was 0.863 for the rectum.

Conclusions:
QA of OARs is an important step for the correct implementation of radiotherapy. The
DL-based QA method proposed in this study showed a high potential to automatically detect contouring
errors with high precision. The method can be integrated into the existing radiotherapy procedures
to improve the efficiency of delineating the OARs.