bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring parental perceptions of psychosocial screening in paediatric emergency departments
Authors: Virk Punit , Atwal Amanbir , Wright Bruce , Doan Quynh 
Published: March 2022

Objective: To explore parental perceptions of psychosocial screening in the paediatric emergency department and identify post-screening barriers to accessing mental health care. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study during the 30-day follow-up period of a larger prospective cohort study. Eligible youth and their accompanying parent/guardian first completed psychosocial self/proxy-screening using the MyHEARTSMAP tool and then received a standardized clinical mental health assessment. If the MyHEARTSMAP assessment provided youth with mental health resources recommendations, their parents were invited to a follow-up session. Thirty days (±5 days) after their ED visit, parents participated in a virtual interview to reflect and share their attitudes, perceptions and thoughts around the screening and mental health care-seeking process. Results: Of the 171 participants who received resource recommendations during their ED visit, 124 parents (72.5%; 95% CI 65.2–79.1%) completed the follow-up interview. Most parents endorsed positive perceptions of the screening process, describing it as an ‘eye-opening’ process that ‘sparked conversation’. Most participants (74.2%; 95% CI 65.6–81.6) agreed with the resource recommendations they received. In terms of resources-seeking, only 41 participants (33.1%; 95% CI 24.9–42.1) attempted to access recommended supports. Families generally felt identified concerns were mild and ‘not serious enough’ to warrant resource-seeking, though many expressed an intention to seek care if concerns escalated. Conclusion: Perceptions of psychosocial screening in the ED were favourable and encouraging among participating parents of youth screened positive for psychosocial issues. Despite positive attitudes, only a fraction of the families invited to follow-up attempted to access care. Mental health may be perceived as low priority for many families, signifying the need for improved education and awareness building on the importance of early intervention.
International expert consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in adults
Authors: Goyal Gaurav , Tazi Abdellatif , Go Ronald S. , Rech Karen L. , Picarsic Jennifer L. , Vassallo Robert , Young Jason R. , Cox Christian W. , Van Laar Jan , Hermiston Michelle L. , Cao Xin-Xin , Makras Polyzois , Kaltsas Gregory , Haroche Julien , Collin Matthew , McClain Kenneth L. , Diamond Eli L. , Girschikofsky Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) can affect children and adults with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, including unifocal, single-system multifocal, single-system pulmonary (smoking-associated), or multisystem disease. The existing paradigms in the management of LCH in adults are mostly derived from the pediatric literature. Over the last decade, the discovery of clonality and MAPK-ERK pathway mutations in most cases led to the recognition of LCH as a hematopoietic neoplasm, opening the doors for treatment with targeted therapies. These advances have necessitated an update of the existing recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of LCH in adults. This document presents consensus recommendations that resulted from the discussions at the annual Histiocyte Society meeting in 2019, encompassing clinical features, classification, diagnostic criteria, treatment algorithm, and response assessment for adults with LCH. The recommendations favor the use of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-based imaging for staging and response assessment in the majority of cases. Most adults with unifocal disease may be cured by local therapies, while the first-line treatment for single-system pulmonary LCH remains smoking cessation. Among patients not amenable or unresponsive to these treatments and/or have multifocal and multisystem disease, systemic treatments are recommended. Preferred systemic treatments in adults with LCH include cladribine or cytarabine, with the emerging role of targeted (BRAF and MEK inhibitor) therapies. Despite documented responses to treatments, many patients struggle with a high symptom burden from pain, fatigue, and mood disorders that should be acknowledged and managed appropriately.
LncRNA LINC00461 exacerbates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via microRNA-185-3p/Myd88
Authors: Gao Feng , Wang Xiaochen , Fan Tingting , Luo Zhidan , Ma Mengqing , Hu Guangquan , Li Yue , Liang Yi , Lin Xianhe , Xu Banglong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critically in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Thus, it was proposed to investigate the mechanism of LINC00461 in the disease through mediating microRNA-185-3p (miR-185-3p)/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (Myd88) axis.

Methods
miR-185-3p, LINC00461 and Myd88 expression in mice with I/R injury was measured. Mice with I/R injury were injected with the gene expression-modified vectors, after which cardiac function, hemodynamics, myocardial enzyme, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were analyzed.

Results
I/R mice showed LINC00461 and Myd88 up-regulation and miR-185-3p down-regulation. Down-regulating LINC00461 or up-regulating miR-185-3p recovered cardiac function, reduced myocardial enzyme levels, and attenuated oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with I/R. miR-185-3p overexpression rescued the promoting effect of LINC00461 upregulation on myocardial injury in I/R mice.

Conclusion
LINC00461 knockdown attenuates myocardial I/R injury via elevating miR-185-3p expression to suppress Myd88 expression.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of Fusarium circinatum-responsive lncRNAs in Pinus radiata
Authors: Zamora-Ballesteros Cristina , Martín-García Jorge , Suárez-Vega Aroa , Diez Julio Javier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most promising strategies of Pine Pitch Canker (PPC) management is the use of reproductive plant material resistant to the disease. Understanding the complexity of plant transcriptome that underlies the defence to the causal agentFusarium circinatum, would greatly facilitate the development of an accurate breeding program. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important transcriptional regulators under biotic stresses in plants. However, to date, characterization of lncRNAs in conifer trees has not been reported. In this study, transcriptomic identification of lncRNAs was carried out using strand-specific paired-end RNA sequencing, fromPinus radiatasamples inoculated withF. circinatumat an early stage of infection.ResultsOverall, 13,312 lncRNAs were predicted through a bioinformatics approach, including long intergenic non-coding RNAs (92.3%), antisense lncRNAs (3.3%) and intronic lncRNAs (2.9%). Compared with protein-coding RNAs, pine lncRNAs are shorter, have lower expression, lower GC content and harbour fewer and shorter exons. A total of 164 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were identified in response toF. circinatuminfection in the inoculated versus mock-inoculatedP. radiataseedlings. The predictedcis-regulated target genes of these pathogen-responsive lncRNAs were related to defence mechanisms such as kinase activity, phytohormone regulation, and cell wall reinforcement. Co-expression network analysis of DE lncRNAs, DE protein-coding RNAs and lncRNA target genes also indicated a potential network regulating pectinesterase activity and cell wall remodelling.ConclusionsThis study presents the first comprehensive genome-wide analysis ofP. radiatalncRNAs and provides the basis for future functional characterizations of lncRNAs in relation to pine defence responses againstF. circinatum.
Reliable detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei using multiple cross displacement amplification label-based biosensor
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Wang Licheng , Zhu Huaxiong , Wang Chongzhen , Zhu Xiong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei), as a highly pathogenic organism, causes melioidosis, which is a disease of public health importance in many tropical developing countries. Here, we present and validate a novel detection technique, termed multiple cross displacement amplification combined with nanoparticles-based lateral flow biosensor (MCDA-NB), for identifying B. pseudomallei and diagnosing melioidosis.

Results
B. pseudomallei-MCDA targets the TTS1 (Type III secretion system gene cluster 1) to specifically design ten MCDA primers. The nanoparticles-based biosensor (NB) can be combined with B. pseudomallei-MCDA for visually, objective, simply and rapidly reporting reaction results. The optimal amplification conditions of B. pseudomallei-MCDA were 66 °C for 30 min. Assay’s sensitivity was 100 fg of genomic DNA in the pure cultures, and the analytical specificity was 100% by the examination of 257 strains, including 228 B. pseudomallei and 29 non-B. pseudomallei. As a result, the whole detection procedure was completed within 50 min, including 15 min for genomic DNA preparation, 30 min for l MCDA reaction, and 2 min for the interpretation of the results visually by biosensor.

Conclusions
B. pseudomallei-MCDA assay is a rapid, sensitive and specific method for the detection of B. pseudomallei, and can be used as a potential tool for melioidosis diagnose in basic, field and clinical laboratories.
Are multimorbidity patterns associated with fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults?
Authors: Canever Jaquelini Betta , de Souza Moreira Bruno , Danielewicz Ana Lúcia , de Avelar Núbia Carelli Pereira 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of multiple chronic or acute diseases and medical conditions in the same individual and can be grouped into different patterns based on the type of disease. These patterns are associated with poorer quality of life and premature death. It is believed that these patterns entail functional limitations, which may contribute to the fear of falling; however, this association remains unknown. Identifying this possible association is fundamental for developing individual and collective care approaches aimed at preventing the different patterns of chronic diseases in older adults in order to decrease the fear of falling. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between multimorbidity patterns and fear of falling in older adults.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study including 308 older adults. The exposure variables were the presence of three multimorbidity patterns (cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and vascular-metabolic) and pattern association assessed by self-report of two or more similar coexisting chronic diseases. The outcome was fear of falling assessed by the Brazilian version of Falls Efficacy Scale-International (cut-off point ≥ 23 points). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between variables.

Results
Older adults with cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, vascular-metabolic patterns and pattern association had 3.49 (95%CI 1.13; 10.78), 2.03 (95%CI 1.13; 3.64), 2.14 (95%CI 1.20; 3.82), and 4.84 (95%CI 2.19; 10.68), respectively, greater chances of presenting fear of falling when compared to older adults without the patterns.

Conclusions
The presence of multimorbidity patterns is associated with higher chances of reporting fear of falling. It is emphasized that the introduction of public health programs aimed at preventing multimorbidity patterns is essential to reduce possible adverse health outcomes, including fear of falling and its negative consequences for older adult health.
Longitudinal social contacts among school-aged children during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Bay Area Contacts among Kids (BACK) study
Authors: Andrejko Kristin L. , Head Jennifer R. , Lewnard Joseph A. , Remais Justin V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The San Francisco Bay Area was the first region in the United States to enact school closures to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The effects of closures on contact patterns for schoolchildren and their household members remain poorly understood.

Methods
We conducted serial cross-sectional surveys (May 2020, September 2020, February 2021) of Bay Area households with children to estimate age-structured daily contact rates for children and their adult household members. We examined changes in contact rates over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, including after vaccination of household members, and compared contact patterns by household demographics using generalized estimating equations clustered by household.

Results
We captured contact histories for 1,967 households on behalf of 2,674 children, comprising 15,087 non-household contacts over the three waves of data collection. Shortly after the start of shelter-in-place orders in May 2020, daily contact rates were higher among children from Hispanic families (1.52 more contacts per child per day; [95% CI: 1.14–2.04]), households whose parents were unable to work from home (1.82; [1.40–2.40]), and households with income < $150,000 (1.75; [1.33–2.33]), after adjusting for other demographic characteristics and household clustering. Between May and August 2020, non-household contacts of children increased by 145% (ages 5–12) and 172% (ages 13–17), despite few children returning to in-person instruction. Non-household contact rates among children were higher—by 1.75 [1.28–2.40] and 1.42 [0.89–2.24] contacts per child per day in 5–12 and 13–17 age groups, respectively, in households where at least one adult was vaccinated against COVID-19, compared to children’s contact rates in unvaccinated households.

Conclusions
Child contact rates rebounded despite schools remaining closed, as parents obtained childcare, children engaged in contact in non-school settings, and family members were vaccinated. The waning reductions observed in non-household contact rates of schoolchildren and their family members during a prolonged school closure suggests the strategy may be ineffective for long-term SARS-CoV-2 transmission mitigation. Reductions in age-assortative contacts were not as apparent amongst children from lower income households or households where adults could not work from home. Heterogeneous reductions in contact patterns raise concerning racial, ethnic and income-based inequities associated with long-term school closures as a COVID-19 mitigation strategy.
Parental and physician’s point-of-view towards antibiotic prescriptions and discharge conversations in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Peeters Daphne , van Scheppingen Lars M. A. , Driessen Gertjan J. A. , Verhagen Lilly M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Within Europe, the Netherlands has one of the lowest antibiotic consumption rates. We aimed to gain insight into attitudes of Dutch physicians and parents towards information provided during discharge conversations in the emergency department (ED) and towards antibiotic use in children, in order to obtain information on the assumptions and beliefs that underlie a practice of low prescription rates.

Methods
Discharge conversations of 70 children presenting with an infectious disease at the ED were observed. After 7–10 days, 55 parents were called for a semi-structured interview. In addition, 29 pediatricians and pediatric residents completed a questionnaire on their prescription behaviour.

Results
Concerns about (recognizing) the severity of their child’s infection was parents’ main motivation to seek help. Both pediatricians and parents reported a general reluctance towards antibiotic use. While pediatricians took appropriateness based on indication and the risk of antimicrobial resistance development into account when considering antibiotic treatment, a thorough medical assessment was deemed more important for Dutch parents than any type of therapeutic treatment, including antibiotics. The topic most often discussed during the discharge conversations was safety netting instructions (in 86%), which were discussed more often during discharge conversations with parents of children that did not receive antibiotic treatment (91% versus 69%).

Conclusion
Dutch pediatricians and parents are both reluctant to use antibiotics for uncomplicated infections in children, but for different reasons. The emphasis of discharge conversations was on safety netting instructions, which seems to be an alternative for (early) antibiotic use in our setting and may guide overuse prevention strategies in settings where antibiotic overuse is more common.
Factors associated with blood lead levels in children in Shenyang, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Jun , Li Guang-Bo , Zhang Shuang-Shuang , Liu Ying , Dong Yi-Chen , Xue-Ning-Li  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Although blood lead levels (BLLs) in children are gradually decreasing, low-concentration lead exposure can still exert adverse effects. We studied the factors that affect BLLs in children in Shenyang, China.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study by administering structured questionnaires on family demographics and food intake. The concentrations of lead in venous blood were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results
A total of 273 children aged 1–6 years were enrolled. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of BLLs was 24.94 (12.70) μg/L in boys and 23.75 (11.34) μg/L in girls. The prevalence of BLLs of ≥35 μg/L was 22.7% and was mainly observed in children aged under 3 years. Often hand washing before meals was protective against BLLs ≥20 μg/L (adjusted OR: 0.427, 95%CI: 0.238–0.767, p = 0.004). Consumption of puffed grains and eggs had an adjusted OR (95%CI) for BLLs ≥20 μg/L of 1.714 (1.012–2.901) (p = 0.045) and 1.787 (1.000–3.192) (p = 0.050), respectively.

Conclusions
BLLs of children in Shenyang are still higher than in developed countries. Consumption of puffed grains and eggs is associated with higher BLLs. Often hand washing before meals may be protective against high BLLs.
Bayesian multilevel analysis of determinants of acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five years in Ethiopia
Authors: Merera Amanuel , Asena Tilahun , Senbeta Mebratu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of illness and mortality in children under the age of five worldwide. Pneumonia, which is caused by a respiratory tract infection, kills about 1.9 million children under the age of 5 years around the world. The majority of these deaths occur in underdeveloped countries. According to the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS), the prevalence rate of ARI in Ethiopia was 7%. Prevalence is defined as the number of infectious diseases present at a given period in relation to the total number of children under the age of five who have been exposed to ARI. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children under the age of five in Ethiopia.

Methods
To provide representative samples of the population, a community-based cross-sectional sampling scheme was designed. Bayesian multilevel approach was employed to assess factors associated with the prevalence of ARI among children under age five in Ethiopia. The data was collected from 10,641 children under the age of 5 years out of which 9918 children were considered in this study.

Results
The ARI prevalence rate in children under the age of 5 years was assessed to be 8.4%, somewhat higher than the country’s anticipated prevalence rate. Children whose mothers did not have a high level of education had the highest prevalence of ARI. The key health, environmental, and nutritional factors influencing the proportion of children with ARI differed by area. Tigray (15.3%) and Oromia (14.4%) had the highest prevalence of ARI, while Benishangul Gumuz had the lowest prevalence (2.6%). The use of vitamin A was investigated, and the results revealed that roughly 43.1% of those who received vitamin A had the lowest prevalence of ARI (7.7%) as compared to those who did not receive vitamin A. Diarrhea affected 11.1% of children under the age of five, with the highest frequency of ARI (24.6%) and the highest prevalence of ARI reported in children whose drinking water source was unprotected/unimproved (9.4%).

Conclusions
The prevalence of ARI among children under the age of 5 years was found to be strongly affected by the child’s age, household wealth index, mother’s educational level, vitamin A supplement, history of diarrhea, maternal work, stunting, and drinking water source. The study also found that the incidence of ARI varies significantly between and within Ethiopian areas. When intending to improve the health status of Ethiopian children, those predictive variables should be taken into consideration.
Household-specific physical activity levels and energy intakes according to the presence of metabolic syndrome in Korean young adults: Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey 2016–2018
Authors: Lee Young-Jun , Park Yeon-Hee , Lee Jung-Woo , Sung Eun-Sook , Lee Hyun-Seob , Park Jonghoon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Participation in exercise, and dietary and nutritional intakes have an impact on the risk and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), but these effects may differ according to whether a person lives alone or in a multi-person household. We analyzed differences in physical activity (PA) levels and energy intake according to household-type and MetS presence among young adults, to investigate the relationships among these factors.

Methods
Data of 3974 young adults (aged > 19 years and < 40 years) were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018). We analyzed PA levels (occupational and recreational PA, and transport) and energy intake (total, carbohydrate, protein, and fat).

Results
Logistic regression data showed that low PA levels and higher energy intake were associated with MetS incidence and its components in young adults, after adjusting for body mass index, smoking, household-type, and sex. Overall, there was no significant difference in PA level between the MetS and non-MetS group. The total energy intake was higher in the MetS than in the non-MetS group (p <  0.05). These results were similar to those found in multi-person households. In single-person households, the MetS group had significantly lower PA levels (p <  0.01) and total energy intake (p <  0.05) than the non-MetS group.

Conclusions
We found significant association among low PA levels, high energy intake, and MetS components in young Korean adults, but with patterns differing according to household type. Energy intake was higher in young adults with than those without MetS, who lived in multi-person households, while young adults with MetS who lived alone had lower PA levels and lower energy intake than those without MetS. These findings highlight the need for different approaches of implementing PA and nutrition strategies according to the type of household in order to prevent MetS.