bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTS OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN THE NIGERIA BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Benedicta OWONYE  , Godwin OBONOFIEMRO  
Published: December 2022

This study examined the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) in the Nigeria banking industry between the periods of 2011-2020. The specific objective of the study is to examine the relationship between the measures of bank specific variables [Bank Size (BS), Capital Adequacy (CA), Profitability (PROF), Bank Age (BA), Liquidity (LIQ) and Loan to Total Assets (LTA)] and [NPLs proxy with Non Performing Loans Ratio (NPLR)] in Nigeria. The focus on the banks in Nigeria listed in the Nigeria Stock Exchange and the difficulty in assessing their annual reports and account of 10 banks were drawn out of the 18 deposit money banks (DMBs) for the study. The data for the study was gotten from the annual reports and accounts of the ten (10) banks on the basis of the variables under study and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that BS, CA and BA have significant effect on NPLR but the effect of BS and BA on NPR are negative while PROF have negative insignificant effect on NPLR of DMBs in Nigeria. This research found that determinants of NPLs have mix effect on NPLR in Nigeria. The findings suggested that BS in relation to total assets should put in consideration when granting loans and also, the DMBs in Nigeria should maintain and implement the capital adequacy policy enacted by the CBN.
Keywords: Non-Performing Loans, Bank Size, Capital Adequacy, Profitability, Bank Age, and Liquidity.
OIL AND NON-OIL REVENUE AND THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY
Authors: AKPOKERERE, Othuke Emmanuel Ph.D  , EKANE, Raphael Ogagaoghene  
Published: December 2022

This study examined the effect of the effects of Oil and Non-Oil revenue (ONOR) on the Nigerian economy from the period of 1994 to 2021 (28years). Specifically, the measures of Oil and Non-Oil revenue, namely; Total Oil Revenue (TOR), Total Non-Oil Revenue (TNOR) and Total Revenue (TR) were analysed in relation Nigerian economy proxied Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP). In a bid to actualize the research objectives, data was collected from the secondary source of data (time series data), from the CBN statistical bulletin and Annual Report for the period 1994-2021’. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, followed by the correlation analysis in bids to ascertained the co-movement of the measures ONOR {TOR, TNOR and TR} in relation to the Nigerian economy proxied with RGDP and several diagnostics tests conducted in the bids to ascertain if the data are suitable for regression analysis with the aid of E-VIEW version 9. 0. It showed that; TOR with an associated p-value (sig. value) of 0.0000. This implies that TOR has a major significant effect on RGDP; TNOR with an associated p-value (sig. value) of 0.0097. This implies that TOR positively and significantly affects RGDP in Nigeria and TR with an associated p-value (sig. value) of 0.0000 in the multiple regression results. This shows that the impact of TR on RGDP is significant. The results show that the measurements of ONOR {TOR, TNOR and TR} used in this research has significant effects on the RGDP in Nigeria. Therefore, the study came to the conclusion that ONOR have a considerable effect on the expansion of the Nigerian economy. Recommended that improve revenue generation through non-oil operations, it is high time the government looked into the development of the sector which has wider opportunities for growth. This can be achieved through diversification to create more avenues through which the government can generate revenue to meet its financial needs.
Keywords: Oil, Non-Oil, Revenue, Economy and Government.
FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR INNOVATIVE STARTUPS – STUDIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES AND TRENDS FOR STUDIES IN VIETNAM
Authors: Phung Hong Ngoc  
Published: December 2022

Previous studies point to a fact: to achieve sustainable growth, it is necessary to invest in startups in the field of innovation, creativity, and financial resources are the first issue of concern. The financial resources for startups may be: (i) institutional capital: bank loans (banks, MFIs), venture capitals; (ii) non-institutional capital: angel investors, accelerators, crowdfunding. Bank loans are still the main channel for raising startups; however, it takes work for them to access these capital flows. Developed and developing economies have invested in new financial technology and loan markets, which are working. Venture capital generally tends to startups in the field of technology and innovation. Many developed and developing economies have also formed Angel investments, accelerator programs, or investment groups. The article summarizes some typical studies in developing economies with similarities to Vietnam to serve as lessons learned for research and policy-making related to financial resources for startups in Vietnam in the coming time.
Keywords: Financial Resources; Entrepreneurship; Creativity.
INNOVATION AND OBSTACLES IN WEST AFRICAN FIRMS: AN EVIDENCE FROM THE GHANAIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Kogyapwah Conrad Wedam  , Prof. Haruna Issahaku  , Nassè Dr. Théophile Bindeouè , Elizabeth Ackon  
Published: December 2022

Innovation is a concept that has kept the attention of researchers worldwide. Innovation leads to product and process improvement, assists the organization to survive, grow faster, efficiently, and be more profitable than non-innovative organisations. However, the innovation level among Ghanaian firms is not yet reaching its full potential. In addition, innovative behaviour among Ghanaian enterprises is still at the infancy stage. To boost the innovation rate, it is imperative to solve the challenges and issues faced by Ghanaian firms. Innovation has become the building block of development in both developed and developing countries it is commonly agreed that innovation is the critical path towards growth and prosperity for countries as well as for individual firms. It is the key to technology adoption, creation and explains the vast difference in productivity across and within countries. However, in Africa, the case seems to have faced a challenging time due to obstacles like finance accessibility, electricity, trade regulations, land access, tax, corruption, informal sector malpractices, tax administration, political instability, transportation, and others. It is against some of these obstacles that we decided to embark on this study to help us critically investigate the effect of the barriers to firms’ growth and its effect on the degree of innovation among Ghanaian firms. To help recommend possible solutions to these obstacles. Hence, this will help facilitate firms’ growth and their degree of innovation.
Keywords: Innovation, Obstacles, Firms, Ghana.
INTEGRATION AS A CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLE AND EMPLOYEE BONDING IN SELECTED ORGANISATIONS IN THE NIGER-DELTA AREA OF NIGERIA
Authors: Okwuise, U.Young,  
Published: December 2022

Organisations in Nigeria are faced with conflict management challenges with its attendant consequence on employee bonding which impacts negatively on the organisations' performance. This research therefore established the nature of the impact of integration conflict management styles on employee bonding in Nigeria with particular emphasis on the Niger Delta. The objective of the study is to identify the impact of integrating as a conflict management style on employee bonding in organisations. Survey research design was adopted for the study and the population of the study was 29,570 with a sample size of 506 respondents drawn from five major organisations operating in the Niger Delta participated in the study using Cochran (1963) formula. To ensure the soundness of the research instrument, the content validity was used to test for the validity of the instrument while the Split-halves method was used in testing for the reliability of the instrument. In testing the research hypothesis formulated in line with the specific objective, the F-test statistical tool was applied. The findings indicated that there was a significant positive impact of integrating, as a conflict management style on employee bonding in organizations in the Niger Delta (F = 640,530; t = 2.128; p =.000 < 0.05; r = 841). The study concluded that managers in organisations in Nigeria should rely more on the use of integrating conflict management styles to boost and sustain employee bonding. The study recommended that managers in organisations in Nigeria should eliminate the use of the dominating and avoidance conflict management style as it always satisfies only the interest of the organisation at the expense of the employees and thereby leads to unresolved conflict.
Keywords: Conflict Management Style, Employee Bonding, Nigeria Organisation.
MODERATING EFFECT OF AUDIT LIBERTY ON REPORTING TIMELINESS OF NON-BANK FINANCIAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ogheneriobororue AKIRI  , Edirin JEROH  
Published: December 2022

This study examined the impact of auditors' liberty on the timely submission of audit reports by financial institutions in Nigeria (2011-2020). For the study, two research hypotheses were developed, and tested based on the purview of ex-post facto research design. All financial firms quoted and trading on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 31, 2021, were included in the study's population. Twenty-three (23) financial firms were chosen as a sample. The Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) website and the annual reports provided by the sampled companies themselves served as the study's primary secondary sources of data. The hypotheses were validated using random effect least squares regression. The study found that audit fees have a significant negative impact on timely submission of audit reports, but that the gender diversity of the audit committee had no mitigating influence on this relationship. In light of the findings, the report suggests, among other things, that businesses hire audit firms with more experience who will prioritize professionalism and due diligence over any pressure brought on by large or low fees. In order to avoid spending more than is necessary without sacrificing audit quality and timely reporting, the study also advised organizations to budget an ideal amount for audit expenses. Other research can be done on additional particular elements that influence audit report latency in manufacturing firms and the oil and gas industry.
Keywords: Audit Liberty, Audit Fee, Audit Committee Gender Diversity, Audit Report Timeliness.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF RURAL DWELLERS IN DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Daniel Amodu Egbunu  , Edime Yunusa  
Published: December 2022

In Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State, the study looked at factors influencing how rural residents sought out health care. The study's specific goals included identifying the most prevalent diseases afflicting rural residents in Dekina L.G.A, investigating the general health-seeking behaviour of rural dwellers, studying the factors that influence this behaviour, and examining the obstacles that patients in this area face. The study's framework was based on rational choice theory. The study used a survey research design, and a sample of 399 people was chosen from the 142, 112 study participants using a cluster sampling strategy combined with systematic simple sampling. Multiple regression was used to assess the hypothesis formulated. The study's conclusions showed that typhoid fever and malaria were the most frequent illnesses experienced by rural residents. The majority of rural residents in Dekina L.G.A. sought healthcare from nearby facilities for symptoms diagnosis and treatment, but even while taking medications, they supplemented modern drugs with herbal remedies. Cost of drugs/medical services, location of healthcare facilities, level of education, and income were found to be the main determinants of rural residents' health seeking behaviour in the study area. The rural dwellers exercise and get checks at doctors to stay fit. It was recommended among others that rural dwellers should make use of treated mosquito nets, avoid drinking dirty waters and foods, the cost of medical services should be regulated through the establishment of State and Community Health Insurance Scheme.
Keywords: Health, Illness, Health Seeking Behaviour, Rural Dwellers, Determining Factors.
Effectiveness Test of White Skin Extract Cream from Red Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) on Increasing Elasticity, Sebum and Hydration in White Mice (Mus Musculus) Skin
Authors: SR Simamora Farida , Janice Janice , Pasca Amir Widya 
Published: December 2022

Skin moisturizing gel can provide a moisturizing effect on the skin. One of the natural ingredients that can be made into gel preparations is the white peel of watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) because it contains a lot of citrulline, vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and protein, beta-carotene, lycopene, and water. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the ethanol extract of watermelon rind on increasing elasticity, sebum, and hydration in the skin of male white mice. This study used the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design method. The stages of the research were sample collection, extraction, formulation of various concentrations of moisturizing gel preparations (0, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%). Tests were carried out on the skin of male mice for 4 weeks by measuring levels of elasticity, sebum, and hydration. The results of the phytochemical screening extracts contained flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and glycosides. The evaluation results showed that all formulas met good preparation parameters and did not irritate the skin. The measurement results in the fourth week of each cream preparation group showed an increase in the levels of elasticity, sebum and hydration and differed significantly from the blank group (p <0.05) and the highest increase occurred in cream with watermelon rind extract concentration 10 %. The results of this study indicate that the cream preparation of ethanol extract of watermelon rind can increase the levels of elasticity, sebum, and hydration of the skin.
Alterações dermatológicas em pacientes com Covid-19
Authors: Andrade João Victor Costa Cezar de , Gasques Letícia Ferreira , Abreu Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de , Espósito Ana Cláudia Cavalcante 
Published: December 2022

A doença COVID-19 é causada por uma família de vírus denominada coronavírus. As manifestações clínicas mais frequentes da doença incluem fadiga, febre, cefaleia, mialgia, tosse e diarréia. Além disso, parte dos pacientes evoluem com a Síndrome da Dificuldade Respiratória Aguda. Também são descritas esões cutâneas relacionadas à infecção. Portanto, é uma doença que ocasiona manifestações em múltiplos órgãos e sistemas, inclusive a pele. As manifestações cutâneas do COVID-19 ainda não são conhecidadas em sua totalidade, mas é crescente o número de relatos de casos sobre o acometimento tegumentar na doença. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca das manifestaçōes dermatológicas causadas pela infecção do COVID-19. Realizou-se revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases MEDLINE/PUBMED, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library On-line (SciELO). Considerando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram identificados Realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca das manifestaçōes dermatológicas causadas pela infecção do COVID-19. Conforme as pesquisas selecionadas, houve significância nos resultados quanto a 23 artigos indexados ao PUBMED e nenhum artigo no LILACS ou Scielo. Há elevada prevalência de lesões dermatológicas em pacientes com COVID-19. Ademais, as alterações observadas são de extrema importância, pois achados como rash, urticária e lesões eritematosas podem ter seu papel no diagnóstico precoce em pacientes assintomáticos, mesmo que sua etiologia seja incerta.
Sectoral Growth, Exports, and Energy Consumption: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Urooj Komal , Zafar Muhammad Ali 
Published: December 2022

Economic Growth is a prominent factor to affect the energy consumption of Pakistan. This study tends to explore the influence of GDP growth of sectoral growth, agricultural, industrial and service sector on the level of energy consumption fossil fuel in Pakistan from 1990 to 2019 long period of time. The data was obtained from WDI (World Development Indicators). ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model) econometric model was designed to look into the impacts of fossil fuel or energy consumption on Pakistan’s economic growth in both the short-run and long-run. Results revealed negative impacts of energy consumption or the use of fossil fuel on industry, personal expenditures, and exports of goods and positively affect agriculture and services and model is significant. These results showed that that economic expansion plays important role to increase energy consumption of Pakistan.
PENYELESAIAN AKAD MURABAHAH BERMASALAH PADA PEMBIAYAAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI PT BPRS TAMAN INDAH DARUSSALAM
Authors: Febriani Lisa , Khairani Khairani 
Published: December 2022

Pasal 10 Akad Perjanjian Jual-Beli Murabahah pada PT BPRS Taman Indah Darussalam disebutkan bahwa nasabah akan melaksanakan semua kewajibannya terkait pembiayaan dengan baik. Namun pada kenyataannya masih ditemukan nasabah yang belum menjalankan kewajibannya sebagaimana yang diperjanjikan. Oleh karenanya artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan akad murabahah, faktor penyebab terjadinya pembiayaan bermasalah, dan upaya yang dilakukan dalam menyelesaikan pembiayaan kendaraan bermotor bermasalah. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris, yaitu mengkaji peraturan yang belaku denga apa yang sebenarnya terjadi di masyarakat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada pembiayaan kendaraan bermotor pada PT BPRS Taman Indah Darussalam belum terlaksana sebagaimana yang diperjanjikan, masih ada nasabah yang melakukan wanprestasi. Adapun faktor penyebab terjadinya pembiayaan bermasalah yaitu kesalahan pihak nasabah yang menyalahgunakan pembiayaan, pindahnya kekuasaan nasabah dan munculnya kejadian di luar nasabah. Selain itu ada pula kesalahan dari pihak bank yang tidak melakukan analisa secara baik terkait dengan kondisi nasabah. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam penyelesaian ialah melalui musyawarah, dan mengharuskan nasabah membayar denda keterlambatan angsuran sesuai pada Akad Perjanjian Jual-Beli Murabahah.
Strong and Weak Solutions of a Stochastic General Linear-Quadratic Diffusion Model
Authors: Burg John van der 
Published: December 2022

This paper is concerned with a one-dimensional general linear-quadratic diffusion model (LQD model) consisting of a linear drift term and a quadratic diffusion term. A strong solution is found, conditioned on two dependent Wiener processes, using the fundamental solution proposed by Shaw and Schofield (2015, p. 982) where the LQD is decomposed into the sum of two underlying dependent processes: a gBm and an aBm. The strong solution embodies the sum of (i) a gBm, (ii) a time-integral of a gBm, and (iii) a standard Wiener process. An approximative weak solution is inspired by Ioffe and Nishnianidze (2020). Three distinctive cases of the LQD model are expressed as canonical equations with a unity diffusion function. Subsequently, they are turned into corresponding Schrödinger diffusion equations. A set of intertwining relationships produces accurate approximations related to the heat equation. Known solutions for each case are then transformed back into probability density functions in the original state-variable. The result constitutes the product of three case-specific components: (i) a stationary solution associated with one of the three fundamental Pearson distributions, (ii) a time-dependent density numerically approximated by an orthogonal polynomial series expansion (Legendre, Laguerre, or Hermite), and (iii) a time-dependent log-normal distribution function.Keywords: linear-quadratic stochastic model, Fokker–Planck equation, Lamperti transform, Schrödinger diffusion equation, heat equation, supersymmetry intertwining operators, Pearson family of probability distributions, classical orthogonal polynomial series expansion. Presentation [here](https://web.tresorit.com/l/noonE#BdHMXaDmOQRltEPGhhSA-g)Paper [here](https://web.tresorit.com/l/3gKiV#mhSpRlwf_UJSmHRwoqLnyw)
Creativity, art, mystagogy: Logos as and in the end of waiting from the origin, hoping toward the originary
Authors: Ofilada Mena Macario 
Published: December 2022

This essay is an attempt to differentiate and correlate Aesthetics, Art, Artworks and Creativity. With metaphysical reflections against the backdrop of history, we underscore in view of the aforementioned key concepts the transition from waiting and hoping and use the same transition to differentiate existence from life, all within a metaphysical and spiritual framework that informs all the conceptual exposition. The open-ended result calls for more essays, in the name of Humanity, especially aided by works of art, specifically by some contemporary American poems, that seek to go beyond the wording of artworks by means of the creative response to the vocation of homing by means of art.
Cadmio de la roca fosfórica y sus efectos en la macrofauna del suelo en cultivos de cacao
Authors: Affa Montoya Ricardo Fernando , Oré Cierto Luis Eduardo , Loarte Aliaga Wendy Caroline , Ruiz Ortega Elvira Luvieska , Unzueta Diego Ashly Lucia 
Published: December 2022

Se evaluó la presencia de cadmio disponible en suelos de cacao sobre el índice diversidad de Simpson, en 2 tipos de sistema agrícola; orgánico y convencional. En coordinación con la cooperativa Naranjillo, seleccionamos 2 parcelas de agricultores cacaoteros orgánico y convencional ambos localizados en el caserío de Rio Negro, distrito de Luyando, provincia de Leoncio Prado, región de Huánuco. Cada parcela fue dividida en cuatro partes; 01 grupo control, 03 tratamientos de 100 g, 150 g y 200 g, durante dos etapas de fertilización. Se obtuvo muestra de suelos para análisis químico de acuerdo a la metodología establecida; para la macrofauna se utilizó el método del programa Tropical Sil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) con extracciones de seis a ocho monolitos suelos de 25 x 25 x 20 cm, logrando identificar taxonómicamente al nivel de familia, donde se determinó el índice de diversidad de Simpson. Posteriormente se utilizó el análisis estadístico de ANVA y la Prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan y prueba de T Studen. El contenido promedio de cadmio disponible para cultivo convencional y orgánico en los grupos de control fueron, 0.183 ppm y 0.003 ppm respectivamente. Al final de dos fertilizadas se encontró valores altos 0.537 ppm y 0.373 ppm para la convención y orgánico a los 6 meses ambos para tratamiento de 200 g. Influyo la mayor cantidad de roca fosfórica sobre el índice diversidad de Simpson, de tal modo al incrementar el cadmio disponible disminuye el número de familia, mayoritariamente las familias de Lumbricidae, Formicidae.