bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Dibenzocyclooctyne and Bicyclononyne Click Reaction on Azido‐Functionalized Antifouling Polymer Brushes via Microspotting
Authors: Yang Bingquan , Wang Yangxin , Vorobii Mariia , Sauter Eric , Koenig Meike , Kumar Ravi , Rodriguez‐Emmenegger Cesar , Hirtz Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStrain‐promoted alkyne‐azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) has become an indispensable tool in bioorthogonal conjugation and surface immobilization. While numerous studies have focused on enhancing the reactivity of cyclooctynes, a facile method to evaluate the binding efficiency for cyclooctyne‐azide‐based immobilization without any sophisticated facilities is still missing. In the present work, different derivatives of dibenzocyclooctyne/bicyclononyne (DBCO/BCN) linked to either a fluorophore or a biotin‐moiety are patterned on ultra‐low fouling polymer brushes, which can avoid unspecific protein contamination without any prior blocking steps. The polymer brushes are composed of an antifouling bottom block and azide‐terminated top block. The assessment of binding efficiency is conducted on ordered arrays spotted by microchannel cantilever spotting (μCS) with a normal fluorescent microscope. Both cyclooctynes demonstrate reliable binding performance with azide‐bearing diblock polymer brushes via μCS, but DBCO shows a higher surface density of molecular immobilization according to the protein binding assays. This work provides a reference for choosing appropriate cyclooctyne to couple with azides and can be useful for the design of biosensors or bio‐platforms for analyte detection, cell capture, and other biological applications.
Grafting Ink for Direct Writing: Solvation Activated Covalent Functionalization of Graphene
Authors: Xia Yuanzhi , Sun Li , Eyley Samuel , Daelemans Brent , Thielemans Wim , Seibel Johannes , De Feyter Steven 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCovalent functionalization of graphene (CFG) has shown attractive advantages in tuning the electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of graphene. However, facile, large‐scale, controllable, and highly efficient CFG remains challenging and often involves highly reactive and volatile compounds, requiring complex control of the reaction conditions. Here, a diazonium‐based grafting ink consisting of only two components, i.e., an aryl diazonium salt and the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is presented. The efficient functionalization is attributed to the combination of the solvation of the diazonium cations by DMSO and n‐doping of graphene by DMSO, thereby promoting electron transfer (ET) from graphene to the diazonium cations, resulting in the generation of aryl radicals which subsequently react with the graphene. The grafting density of CFG is controlled by the reaction time and very high levels of functionalization, up to the failing of the Tuinstra–Koenig (T–K) relation, while the functionalization layer remains at monolayer height. The grafting ink, effective for days at room temperature, can be used at ambient conditions and renders the patterning CFG by direct writing as easy as writing on paper. In combination with thermal sample treatment, reversible functionalization is possible by subsequent writing/erasing cycles.
Detection of rice plant disease using AdaBoostSVM classifier
Authors: Kumar K Kishore , E Kannan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe research in the detection of plant diseases using plant images based on machine learning is widely increased in the field of agriculture. This could be done with the images of infected rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. The changes in atmospheric condition cause changes in soil condition and in temperature. Both air temperature and soil temperature have distinct roles in crops, which can also lead to diseases in rice plants. In this paper, a prototype is developed for the detection of rice plant diseases like bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and leaf smut. The proposed prototype is developed by undergoing experiments on image processing using machine learning algorithms. Several images of rice leaf which are infected by diseases had been captured and preprocessed using a median filtering technique. The important features are extracted by using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) for the diseased part of the leaf images. Then the green parts of the leaf have been removed, so as to extract the diseased part. The features are extracted based on the attributes like color, shape, and texture. For multiclass classification process, Adaptive Boosting support vector machine (AdaBoostSVM) Classifier is used. The proposed prototype results in the accuracy of about 98.8% in detecting and classifying the rice leaf disease.
Strong and Reversible Covalent Double Network Hydrogel Based on Force‐Coupled Enzymatic Reactions
Authors: He Guangxiao , Lei Hai , Sun Wenxu , Gu Jie , Yu Wenting , Zhang Di , Chen Huiyan , Li Ying , Qin Meng , Xue Bin , Wang Wei , Cao Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiological load‐bearing tissues are strong, tough, and recoverable under periodic mechanical loads. However, such features have rarely been achieved simultaneously in the same synthetic hydrogels. Here, we use a force‐coupled enzymatic reaction to tune a strong covalent peptide linkage to a reversible bond. Based on this concept we engineered double network hydrogels that combine high mechanical strength and reversible mechanical recovery in the same hydrogels. Specifically, we found that a peptide ligase, sortase A, can promote the proteolysis of peptides under force. The peptide bond can be re‐ligated by the same enzyme in the absence of force. This allows the sacrificial network in the double‐network hydrogels to be ruptured and rebuilt reversibly. Our results demonstrate a general approach for precisely controlling the mechanical and dynamic properties of hydrogels at the molecular level.
1,3,2‐Diazaphospholene‐Catalyzed Reductive Cyclizations of Organohalides**
Authors: Klett Johannes , Woźniak Łukasz , Cramer Nicolai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract1,3,2‐diazaphospholenes hydrides (DAP‐Hs) are highly nucleophilic organic hydrides serving as main‐group catalysts for a range of attractive transformations. DAP hydrides can act as stoichiometric hydrogen atom transfer agents in radical reactions. Herein, we report a DAP‐catalyzed reductive radical cyclization of a broad range of aryl and alkyl halides under mild conditions. The pivotal DAP catalyst turnover was achieved by a DBU‐assisted σ‐bond metathesis between the formed DAP halide and HBpin, which rapidly regenerates DAP‐H. The transformation is significantly accelerated by irradiation with visible light. Mechanistic investigations indicate that visible light irradiation leads to the formation of DAP dimers, which are in equilibrium with DAP radicals and accelerate the cyclization. The direct use of (DAP)2 enabled a catalytic protocol in the absence of light.
Synergy in Au−CuO Janus Structure for Catalytic Isopropanol Oxidative Dehydrogenation to Acetone
Authors: Guo Meng , Ma Peijie , Wang Jiayi , Xu Haoxiang , Zheng Kun , Cheng Daojian , Liu Yuxi , Guo Guangsheng , Dai Hongxing , Duan Erhong , Deng Jiguang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe controlled oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding ketones or aldehydes via selective cleavage of the β‐C−H bond of alcohols under mild conditions still remains a significant challenge. Although the metal/oxide interface is highly active and selective, the interfacial sites fall far behind the demand, due to the large and thick support. Herein, we successfully develop a unique Au−CuO Janus structure (average particle size=3.8 nm) with an ultrathin CuO layer (0.5 nm thickness) via a bimetal in situ activation and separation strategy. The resulting Au−CuO interfacial sites prominently enhance isopropanol adsorption and decrease the energy barrier of β‐C−H bond scission from 1.44 to 0.01 eV due to the strong affinity between the O atom of CuO and the H atom of isopropanol, compared with Au sites alone, thereby achieving ultrahigh acetone selectivity (99.3 %) over 1.1 wt % AuCu0.75/Al2O3at 100 °C and atmospheric pressure with 97.5 % isopropanol conversion. Furthermore, Au−CuO Janus structures supported on SiO2, TiO2or CeO2exhibit remarkable catalytic performance, and great promotion in activity and acetone selectivity is achieved as well for other reducible oxides derived from Fe, Co, Ni and Mn. This study should help to develop strategies for maximized interfacial site construction and structure optimization for efficient β‐C−H bond activation.
Development of High‐Energy Anodes for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries Based on Sulfide Electrolytes
Authors: Oh Pilgun , Yun Jeongsik , Choi Jae Hong , Saqib Kashif Saleem , Embleton Tom James , Park Seohyeon , Lee Chaewon , Ali Jahanzaib , Ko Kyungmok , Cho Jaephil 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state Li batteries (ASSBs) promise better performance and higher safety than the current liquid‐based Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Sulfide ASSBs have been extensively studied and considerably advanced in recent decades. Research on identifying suitable cathode materials for sulfide ASSBs is currently well established, with great progress being made in the commercialization of layered cathodes in the liquid‐based LIBs. Research on anode materials for sulfide ASSBs is of great importance for enhancing the battery energy density. However, it seems that little has been published that summarizes studies of anode materials for sulfide ASSBs and suggests future research directions. Thus, within this Minireview, we aim to provide an overview of previous and current research focused on anode materials for sulfide ASSBs and to suggest a future research direction for developing suitable anode systems for sulfide ASSBs.
Charge Reservoirs in an Expanded Halide Perovskite Analog: Enhancing High‐Pressure Conductivity through Redox‐Active Molecules
Authors: Matheu Roc , Ke Feng , Breidenbach Aaron , Wolf Nathan R. , Lee Young , Liu Zhenxian , Leppert Linn , Lin Yu , Karunadasa Hemamala I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs halide perovskites and their derivatives are being developed for numerous optoelectronic applications, controlling their electronic doping remains a fundamental challenge. Herein, we describe a novel strategy of using redox‐active organic molecules as stoichiometric electron acceptors. The cavities in the new expanded perovskite analogs (dmpz)[Sn2X6], (X=Br− (1Br) and I− (1I)) are occupied by dmpz2+ (N,N′‐dimethylpyrazinium), with the LUMOs lying ca. 1 eV above the valence band maximum (VBM). Compressing the metal‐halide framework drives up the VBM in 1I relative to the dmpz LUMO. The electronic conductivity increases by a factor of 105 with pressure, reaching 50(17) S cm−1 at 60 GPa, exceeding the high‐pressure conductivities of most halide perovskites. This conductivity enhancement is attributed to an increased hole density created by dmpz2+ reduction. This work elevates the role of organic cations in 3D metal‐halides, from templating the structure to serving as charge reservoirs for tuning the carrier concentration.
Titanium‐Oxo Cluster Assisted Fabrication of a Defect‐Rich Ti‐MOF Membrane Showing Versatile Gas‐Separation Performance
Authors: Wang Chen , Sun Yanwei , Li Libo , Krishna Rajamani , Ji Taotao , Chen Sixing , Yan Jiahui , Liu Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough having shown great promise for efficient gas separation, relevant study of Ti‐MOF membranes remains very scarce, owing to limited Ti source types and uncertain factors which dominate the separation properties. In this work, we pioneered the use of the Ti8(μ2‐O)8(OOCC6H5)16 cluster as the Ti source of MIL‐125 membranes, which led to lower reaction temperature and higher missing‐linker number within the framework and therefore, enhanced CO2/N2 adsorption selectivity. The MIL‐125 membrane prepared by combining single‐mode microwave heating with tertiary growth displayed an ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of 38.7, which ranked the highest among all pristine pure MOF membranes measured under comparable conditions. In addition, the ideal H2/N2 and H2/CH4 selectivity was as high as 64.9 and 40.7, thus showing great promise for versatile utility in gas separation.
How effective are marine parks in protecting their coral reef ecosystem? A study case in the Mexican Caribbean
Authors: Díaz‐Osorio Alicia C. , Schmitter‐Soto Juan J. , Vega‐Zepeda Alejandro , Espinoza‐Tenorio Alejandro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

In the Mexican Caribbean, marine protected areas have been established to tackle marine ecosystem degradation caused by the coastal development that started in Cancún in the 1970s and extended south to the border with Belize in the 1990s. It is crucial to assess their effectiveness for conservation of the reef ecosystem, but also the perception of stakeholders, because the objective would be unattainable without their participation.
This study evaluated the conservation status and the management effectiveness of National Park Xcalak Reefs (PNAX), in the southernmost Mexican Caribbean. In addition to interviewing local stakeholders to recognize issues related to the administration and functioning of PNAX, four zones with different use restrictions inside the park were evaluated, using ecological indicators (diversity and abundance of fishes, coral diversity and cover, and macroalgal cover) and ecological knowledge by interviewing local stakeholders, mostly fishers and conservation personnel.
The results suggest that one of the restricted‐use zones is in good condition, with a higher abundance of fishes and coral cover, and a lower cover of fleshy macroalgae and turf, compared with the other zones in the protected area. On the other hand, the core area presents bad indicators, such as a higher macroalgal cover and lower abundance of fishes, suggesting poor management or insufficient enforcement.
Although mistrust and lack of communication between fishers and conservation authorities may limit the achievement of conservation goals, some programmes involving active participation of local people, for example lionfish culling and coastal vegetation restoration, have had a good impact on the coral reef community.
Similar gut bacteria composition in Apriona germari on two preferred host plants
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Hua‐Ling , Su Xiao‐Yu , Wang Xue‐Fei , Yang Miao , Bai Jia‐Wei , Zeng Jian‐Yong , Li Hui‐Ping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractApriona germari is one of the most serious wood‐boring pests that cause damage to economic and landscaping trees and has adapted to a wide range of plants as diet. Gut bacteria play an important role in biology and ecology of herbivores, especially in growth and adaptation. To investigate how plant hosts shape A. germari gut microbiota, A. germari larvae were collected from Populus tomentosa and Malus pumilal, and gut microbiomes were sequenced based on 16S rDNA high‐throughput sequencing technology. A total of 853,424 high‐quality reads were obtained and clustered into 196 operational taxonomic units under a 97% similarity cutoff, which were annotated into 8 phyla, 10 classes, 21 orders, 34 families, 59 genera, and 39 species. Gibbsiella was the most dominant genus of intestinal bacteria, followed by Enterobacter and Acinetobacter. No significant difference was observed in larvae gut bacterial richness and diversity of A. germari collected from two hosts, though alpha diversity showed that the richness of gut bacteria in A. germari larvae collected on P. tomentosa was slightly higher than that in A. germari on M. pumilal, and beta diversity showed little difference between two host plants. The functional abundance analysis of the detected bacteria revealed fermentation, chemoheterotrophy, symbionts, and nitrate relative functions that highly possibly support wood‐boring beetles to feed on woody tissues. Our study provided a theoretical basis for investigating the function of intestinal symbiosis bacteria of A. germari.
Protein and volatile contents in the mandibular gland of the sugarcane borerDiatraea saccharalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Borges Alex R. , Teixeira Aparecida das Dores , Martínez Luis Carlos , dos Santos Marcelo H. , Serrão José Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe sugarcane borerDiatraea saccharalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an important sugarcane pest and mechanical injuries caused through the mandibles can allow pathogen infections. The mandibles ofD. saccharalis, as well as other insects, are associated with mandibular glands with a possible function in food intake and mouthparts lubrication; however, the chemical composition of the secretion is poorly known and its elucidation is important for the comprehensive understanding of plant–insect interactions. This study characterized some proteins and volatiles in the mandibular glands ofD. saccharalislarvae. MALDI‐TOF/TOF mass spectrometry allowed the identification of 24 predicted proteins within 10 functional classes, including the transport and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides; Posttranslational protein modifications; energy conversion; intracellular trafficking; transcription; translation; and cytoskeleton function. Metabolites identified from GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of hydrocarbons classified as alcohols, ether, alkanes, and esters with differences in their relative abundance. Linolenic acid, the most abundant metabolite found in this gland, when conjugated with amino acids, can be an elicitor in the plant‐herbivore interaction. The results suggest the occurrence of digestive and defensive biochemical components, which may contribute to understanding of the multifunctional roles of the mandibular gland secretion ofD. saccharalislarvae during feeding activity.
ABCB1 Can Actively Pump‐out the Background‐Free Tame Fluorescent Probe CO‐1 From Live Cells
Authors: Miasiro Ciaramicoli Larissa , Seok Kim Heon , Husen Alamudi Samira , Chang Young‐Tae 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCell labelling using a small fluorescent probe is an important technique in biomedical sciences. We previously developed a biocompatible and membrane‐permeable probe, CO‐1, which has low nonspecific binding affinity towards nontarget molecules. Although this background‐free tame probe has been utilized for labelling of various intracellular biomolecules in live cells, the probes’ backgroung‐free staining mechanism was not fully understood. Here, we propose that Gating‐Oriented Live‐cell Distinction (GOLD) mechanism occurs when ABCB1 transporter removes unbound CO‐1 molecules from mammalian cells and, in a minor role, DIRC2 pumps CO‐1 out from lysosomes. We also showed that solute carrier transporters were not involved in carrying CO‐1 inside of cells. The role of reporters in assisting the probes’ influx‐efflux was analyzed by the combination of CRISPR library sceenings and inhibitors test. In summary, tame probe CO‐1 cellular staining occurs in a dual mechanism where the probe moves freely through the cells membrane, but its washable property can be directly related to the action of ABCB1 transporter.
Parametric comparison of biodiesel transesterification processes using non‐edible feedstocks: Castor bean and jatropha oils
Authors: Baioni e Silva Gabriel , Manicardi Tainá , Longati Andreza A. , Lora Electo E. S. , Milessi Thais S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConcern about environmental problems and climate change has led to increasing efforts toward a transition of the global energy matrix to renewable sources. In this sense, biodiesel is a renewable and alternative biofuel proposal and castor bean and jatropha are interesting non‐edible raw materials for its production owing to their high fatty acid content. Transesterification is the most common process applied to industrial‐scale biodiesel production owing to its attractive economic characteristics. This process can be catalyzed by chemical (homogeneous or heterogeneous) or biochemical (enzymatic) catalysts. The choice of raw material, as well as the production route of biodiesel, will significantly influence the process parameters. Considering the importance of biodiesel production in Brazil, the present work explores biodiesel production routes focusing on these non‐edible raw materials (jatropha and castor bean) and compares them with the process using soy bean, as this is one of the most used worldwide raw materia. In addition, an extensive literature review was performed and the software Microsoft Power BI Desktop was used to model and analyze the selected works, grouping them according to the pattern of each route's influence on process parameters. In addition, the technical scores of each route were determined. The homogeneous chemical route presented better scores and the most interesting parameters for all raw materials; however, considering the technical and environmental advantages related to biochemical and heterogeneous routes, application of environmental impact studies such as life cycle analysis can help decision‐making in the search for the most appropriate production route. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Erläuterungen zum DBV‐Merkblatt „Injektionsschlauchsysteme und quellfähige Einlagen für Arbeitsfugen“
Authors: Fingerloos Frank , Hornig Ute , von Thaden Harald 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDas DBV‐Merkblatt „Injektionsschlauchsysteme und quellfähige Einlagen für Arbeitsfugen“ ist in der überarbeiteten Fassung Dezember 2020 veröffentlicht worden. Zwei neue Themen in Bezug auf die Injektionsschlauchsysteme sind dabei die Festlegungen zur Fugenrauigkeit im Verlegebereich und die Erweiterung des Anwendungsbereichs auf Ingenieurbauwerke im Regelungsbereich der öffentlichen Verkehrsträger für Straße und Wasser. Auf diese Themen wird in diesem Beitrag eingegangen.
Hepatoprotective Native Plants Documented in Brazilian Traditional Medicine Literature: Current Knowledge and Prospects
Authors: Antunes Carolina , Arbo Marcelo Dutra , Konrath Eduardo Luis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe native flora of Brazil covers a large biodiversity of plants, some of which have important pharmacological properties. Ethnobotanical studies have established that the folk use of plants for hepatobiliary disorders is very common in Brazil. This review aimed to compile, describe and discuss the main native Brazilian medicinal plants used as hepatoprotective agents listed on 25 books by authors from various regions in the country. Based on the 153 species found, a comprehensive analysis of the most relevant scientific studies is presented, including Piper umbellatum, Echinodorus macrophyllus, Fevillea trilobata and Achyrocline satureioides. Some medicinal plants share both a large number of citations and scientific evidence to corroborate their hepatoprotective effects, including Solanum paniculatum, Baccharis crispa and Phyllanthus niruri, which could be of interest to develop new phytomedicines. Additionally, some active ingredients are indicated as being responsible for the liver protective effects described, particularly phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumestans and lignans).
Two New Austocystin Analogs from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. WHUF05236
Authors: Lv Huawei , Zhang Jinkun , Xue Yaxin , Li Songwei , Sun Xiaoyu , Jia Jia , Bi Hongkai , Wang Shoubao , Su Haibo , Zhu Mengdi , Wang Hong , Hong Kui , Li Xingnuo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo new austocystin analogs, austocystin P (1) and austocystin Q (2), along with fourteen known compounds (3–16) were isolated from the fermentation extract of Aspergillus sp. WHUF05236. The planar structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated through 1D, 2D NMR and MS analyses. Their absolute configurations were determined by the time‐dependent density functional (TDDFT)‐ECD calculation. Compounds 3, 11, and 12 exhibited antimicrobial activities against Helicobacter pylori with MIC values ranging from 20.00 to 43.47 μM. Compounds 3, 6, and 7 showed cytotoxicities against the human colon cancer cell lines Hct‐116 with IC50 values of 101.79, 65.46, and 36.72 μM, respectively.