bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase single nucleotide polymorphisms on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Misir Emre , Ozbek Mutlu Muhammed , Halac Eren , Turan Serkan , Alkas Gokce Elif , Ciray Remzi Ogulcan , Ermis Cagatay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene is thought to have an important role in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia, but there are conflicting results regarding its role in clinical presentation. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the COMT gene and the severity of positive and negative symptoms. In order to investigate the relationship, the PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were screened for eligible articles. Thirty‐eight studies, including 4443 adult patients with schizophrenia, were included in the quantitative analyses, and four studies were qualitatively assessed. Quantitative analyses were performed for acutely ill and clinically stable patient subgroups regarding the different genotypes of rs4680 SNP. Our results showed that the severity of negative symptoms was higher in patients who were rs4680 Met homozygous compared to Val/Met heterozygotes only in acutely ill samples. There was no other significant difference between genotypes. Meta‐regression did not reveal any significant moderator effect on the difference in negative symptoms. General psychopathology, positive, negative, and total psychotic symptom levels also were similar between Val homozygotes and Met carriers. Nonetheless, there are some limitations in the study. First, SNPs except for rs4680 were under‐researched because of the limited number of studies. Second, high heterogeneity across studies was the main concern. Our results suggested that the COMT rs4680 Met allele was associated with higher levels of negative symptoms within acutely ill patients. Future studies should focus on specific patient subgroups to reveal the moderating effects of SNPs.
A comparative study on false information governance in Chinese and American social media platforms
Authors: Chin Yik Chan , Park Ahran , Li Ke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFalse information has become a profound issue of the Internet governance partly because of its serious impact on the political elections and public daily information flows. Different countries and social media platforms have adopted divergent approaches in handling false information. This study conducts a comparative study of the governance models of social media platforms in the United States and China over false Information from the perspectives of the balance of governance mechanism, that is, the balance between self‐regulation, external regulation and coregulation. It explores the laws, regulations and rules of falseinformation in two countries, exams social media platform's regulatory mechanism, focusing on comparison of Weibo and Facebook. The research shows that to increase transparency and accountability, both Weibo and Facebook have devoted certain governance power and responsibilities to internal or external intermediaries. This may induce two negative implications: accountability of the external actors and reduction of platform's supervisory obligations. The paper concludes by arguing that having a more effective, accountable and inclusive governance of false information in social media platforms, we not only need to find a balance between the functions and power of different stakeholders in governance but also need to seek a delicate balance between the three regulatory models of social media falseinformation governance.
Simulation of the Loading Density for Gun Propellants with Arbitrary Shapes Using a Discrete Element Method
Authors: Wurster Sebastian , Lietz Martin , Sprengel David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe determination of the loading density that can be achieved for a certain propellant geometry is a key factor that determines the energy content and hence the performance of propellants in a gun system. Additive manufacturing on the other hand gives charge designers a new freedom in choosing propellant geometries. Therefore, it is important to have a method that can determine the loading density achievable for a given grain geometry without actually manufacturing each possible solution in sufficient quantities for an experimental determination. For this reason, a discrete element method was adapted, and a simulation was setup with the open source 3D computer graphic software Blender and its bullet physics engine, that enables the charge designer to simulate a propellant bed for arbitrary grain and shell geometries. The method is validated by simulating the loading density of real JA2 double base propellant grains (7 perforated cylinder) and comparing it with experimental measurements. It is shown that a good agreement between the simulated and experimental loading densities can be achieved by our method. Afterwards the dependence of the loading density on the length to diameter ratio for cylindrical gun propellants was investigated with the method. It is shown how the loading density decreases with increasing L/D ratio.
Laser Ignition Process of Energetic Particles Under Consideration of Non‐Fourier Effect
Authors: Li Tianyi , Zhang Xiaobing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe heating and ignition process of energetic material particles under the action of the laser is investigated using numerical simulation. Due to the two characteristics of the high energy density of the laser and the high transients of the whole process, an accurate description is required with the help of the non‐Fourier heat transfer theory. The corresponding mathematical model in the form of partial differential equations is developed for the laser action on the spherical particles. In the process of numerically solving the partial differential equation, adaptive grid method based on wavelets is introduced to improve the finite difference method. Based on the comparison of ignition delay time, the results obtained from numerical calculations are in agreement with the data from experimental tests.
Robot‐assisted scaffold implantation and two‐stage flap raising of the greater omentum for reconstruction of the facial skeleton: Description of a novel technique
Authors: Naujokat Hendrik , Spille Johannes , Bergholz Robert , Wieker Henning , Weitkamp Jan‐Tobias , Wiltfang Jörg 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBone regeneration in the greater omentum is a promising strategy in facial skeleton reconstruction. This feasibility‐study aims to perform robot‐assisted scaffold implantation and second‐stage flap raising.MethodsFirstly, scaffolds were implanted into the greater omentum using the da Vinci Xi surgical system or conventional technique in five miniature pigs, respectively. After 3 months a free flap including the gastrocolic vascular pedicle was harvested and procedures were evaluated.ResultsThe average operation time was 59.2 min for open surgery and 73.8 min for robot‐assisted surgery. The average incision length of open surgery was 11.6 cm. Both techniques led to successful scaffold implantation without any complication. In all cases the scaffolds were integrated as intended and resulted in bone formation.ConclusionsCurrent study demonstrated that the implantation of scaffolds into the greater omentum and flap harvesting using da Vinci Xi surgical system is a promising minimally‐invasive approach in regenerative surgery.
Bimetallic Boron Phosphide Ni‐2Fe‐BP as an Active Water‐Splitting Catalyst
Authors: Deng Xiaoli , Zhang Ruixuan , Li Qiaoling , Gu Wei , Hao Li 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe increasing development of hydrogen energy requires us to continuously update the technology of hydrogen production and promote the more rapid development of hydrogen energy. Among them, the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is the current research hotspot. In this paper, a simple synthesis method is used to prepare amorphous nano‐scale monometallic Ni and bimetallic Ni, Fe boron phosphides, which are used as electrocatalysts to catalyze water splitting. We explored the best ratio of B to P in monometallic boron phosphides, and the optimal ratio of Ni and Fe in the bimetallic boron phosphide. It shows that when the ratio of B to P is 1 : 5 and the iron content is 0.2 in the Ni‐Fe‐BP, the catalytic performance of the material is optimal. It shows outstanding performance of 310 mV overpotential at a current density of 20 mA cm−2, and its hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential is only 258 mV, which is better than noble metal materials. At the same time, it maintains excellent stability for 12 h at a constant potential. This work provides a better choice for subsequent research on non‐precious metal catalyst materials.
Aggregation‐Induced Quenching of Carbon Dots for Detection of Nitric oxide
Authors: Mutreja Vishal , Kumar Ajay , Sareen Shweta , Pathania Khushboo , Sandhu Harshit , Kataria Ramesh , Pawar Sandip V. , Mehta Surinder K. , Park Jeongwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study reports the synthesis of three types of carbon dots (CDs) prepared using citric acid as a carbon source and three different biomolecules (L‐serine, L‐threonine, and adenine) individually as an amine source. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized by powder XRD, TEM, FTIR, 13C NMR, distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer using a 135‐degree decoupler pulse (DEPT 135), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering (SAXS) techniques. After ensuring the formation of desired structures, prepared CDs were used for exploring the detection capabilities of different reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species. Following the screening of their detection capabilities specifically for nitric oxide, different sensing parameters viz the limit of detection, quenching constant, and interferences were evaluated. Among the synthesized CDs, the lowest detection limit of 0.1 μM was determined for the serine‐derived dots while 0.12 and 0.19 μM was obtained for adenine and threonine‐derived dots, respectively. Eventually, a possible sensing mechanism for the detection of NO by the prepared nanomaterials is proposed.
Contemporary, Multidisciplinary Roles of Mesoporous Silica Nanohybrids/Nanocomposites
Authors: Kumarage Senuri , Munaweera Imalka , Kottegoda Nilwala 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNumber of nanomaterials have been produced as a result of the growth of nanoscience and nanotechnology, and have found applications in interdisciplinary sectors in which nanotechnology has now become indispensable. Owing to the better properties over individual nanomaterials, the hybrid materials have been broadly studied. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MS Nps) have been employed as a matrix in the synthesis of nanohybrids and as a filler in nanocomposites due to its high porosity, adjustable pore volume, facile functionalization, thermal and chemical stability and less toxicity. So far, versatile MS Nps hybrids and composites have been synthesized as advanced smart materials to be applied across industrial and biological sectors. This review study gives an up‐to‐date viewpoint on the synthesis and uses of mesoporous silica nanohybrids and nanocomposites particularly in biomedical sectors, agricultural and food industries and in environmental remediation followed by future insights and research directions of MS Np hybrids and composites.
Antimicrobial and Bioinformatic Modelling Studies of Isatin Mixed Ligand and Some Ternary Chelates
Authors: Mohamed Gehad G. , Ali Samir A. , Abd El‐Halim Hanan F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynthesis of some ternary complexes with isatin (ISA) as primary ligand and N,N,N,N‐tetramethyl ethylene diamine (TMEDA) as secondary ligand with a series of metal ions (M) Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) is presented. IR, elemental analysis, melting point, molar conductance, mass and thermal analysis were applied to characterize the prepared compounds. Conductometry measurements reveal that all complexes are non‐electrolytes except Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III) and Co(II) complexes. In the light of magnetic and solid reflectance techniques, all prepared complexes were suggested in an octahedral geometry. ESR study of Cu(II) complex prove its octahedral geometry. The mixed ligand complexes were found to have the formulae [M(ISA)(TMEDA)Cl2] where M=Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II); [M(ISA)(TMEDA)Cl2]Cln.xH2O in case of M=Cr(III), Fe(III) and Cd(II) (where n=l, x=0 for Cr(III), n=l, x=0 for Fe(III) and n=0, x=2 for Cd(II) and [M(ISA)(TMEDA)Cl(H2O)]Cl in case of M=Mn(II) and Co(II). Antimicrobial activity of some complexes are higher than parent ligands. Molecular docking study confirmed the importance of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cr(III) complexes as they have the highest interaction with the receptors of crystal structure ofS.aureusnucleoside (PDB ID: 3Q8U),E. coli(PDB: 3T88) and protein phosphatase (PPZl) ofC. albicans(PDB: 5JPE) with minimum binding energy of −2l.5, −7.2 and −45.6 kcal/mol, respectively.
High‐Performance Bioelectronic Circuits Integrated on Biodegradable and Compostable Substrates with Fully Printed Mask‐Less Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Granelli Roberto , Alessandri Ivano , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , Vassalini Irene , Kovács‐Vajna Zsolt M. , Blom Paul W. M. , Torricelli Fabrizio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) rely on volumetric ion‐modulation of the electronic current to provide low‐voltage operation, large signal amplification, enhanced sensing capabilities, and seamless integration with biology. The majority of current OECT technologies require multistep photolithographic microfabrication methods on glass or plastic substrates, which do not provide an ideal path toward ultralow cost ubiquitous and sustainable electronics and bioelectronics. At the same time, the development of advanced bioelectronic circuits combining bio‐detection, amplification, and local processing functionalities urgently demand for OECT technology platforms with a monolithic integration of high‐performance iontronic circuits and sensors. Here, fully printed mask‐less OECTs fabricated on thin‐film biodegradable and compostable substrates are proposed. The dispensing and capillary printing methods are used for depositing both high‐ and low‐viscosity OECT materials. Fully printed OECT unipolar inverter circuits with a gain normalized to the supply voltage as high as 136.6 V−1, and current‐driven sensors for ion detection and real‐time monitoring with a sensitivity of up to 506 mV dec−1, are integrated on biodegradable and compostable substrates. These universal building blocks with the top‐performance ever reported demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and can open opportunities for next‐generation high‐performance sustainable bioelectronics.
Match quality and divorce among naturalized U.S. citizens
Authors: Dziadula Eva 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research investigates the relationship between immigrants' current citizenship status, an observed measure of permanent legal status in the United States, and their likelihood of divorce. Using American Community Survey data, the research examines relatively young immigrants entering their first marriages in the United States as noncitizens. The study finds those who become naturalized U.S. citizens are at least 25% more likely to be divorced than comparable immigrants who remain noncitizens. The work explores whether immigrants with temporary visas value finding naturalized spouses in the marriage market. If so, the small resulting pool of potential spouses may increase the marginal cost of finding new partners at increasing compatibility levels. The immigrants' reservation match quality would then decrease, potentially resulting in suboptimal sorting along other partner compatibility dimensions. If the immigrants establish permanent residency after marriage, their unions might become less stable as the other compatibility characteristics become more important.
The Architecture, Nature, and Mystery of Starch Granules. Part 2
Authors: Villwock Kurt , BeMiller James N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA review with 259 references. Part 2 of a summarized history of investigations into the structures of starch granules is divided into seven sections: the molecules of starches, amylopectin models and starch crystallinity, the granule matrix, blocklet and fibrillar structures, location of amylose and amylopectin, granule models, summary of the architecture of starch granules.
Factors influencing predictions of understory vegetation biomass from visual cover estimates
Authors: Monzingo Deborah S. , Shipley Lisa A. , Cook Rachel C. , Cook John G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccurately estimating forage biomass is essential for understanding the nutritional value of vegetation communities for wild herbivores. However, clipping, drying, and weighing vegetation by species requires substantial labor, which restricts the size and number of plots that can be sampled over a large geographical area. Labor‐intensive sampling effort can be reduced by using a double sampling strategy that pairs visual estimates of horizontal cover of vegetation with a subset of clipped plots to create equations that convert horizontal cover to biomass. However, sampling strategy and environmental covariates have rarely been considered when developing cover‐biomass equations. We evaluated environmental and sampling factors that could affect the cover‐biomass relationship using 3,404 cover‐biomass pairs measured in the Clearwater River Basin in North‐central Idaho, USA, collected from May 31–October 4 in 2016 and 2017. Our study demonstrated that when carefully applied, double sampling techniques can streamline field sampling while providing cover‐biomass conversion equations with moderate to high predictive ability (pseudo R2 = 0.25–0.99,  = 0.70) for both biomass of current annual growth and high‐quality (e.g., leaves of shrubs) portion of plants (pseudo R2 = 0.65–1). Based on our results, we recommend comparing fit and predictive ability of regression types (linear, log‐linear, Gamma) and collecting >20 cover‐biomass pairs spanning a wide range of horizontal cover (1 to >50%) for each plant species. We found that accounting for overstory canopy cover and season through interaction terms improved the fit of equations by as much as 20% for over half of the 81 species‐specific and 12 structure groups. We found a modest degree of observer bias; thus, training should reduce observer bias and improve consistency but may not alleviate inconsistencies among studies. Careful classification of plant species into plant structure groups can reduce the number of equations, but species‐specific equations for the most abundant and objectively relevant plant species should be developed.
Klaus Hasselmann—His Scientific Footprints and Achievements
Authors: von Storch Hans 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKlaus Hasselmann was born in Hamburg in 1931. His family fled to England in 1934 because of the Nazis, so he grew up in an English-speaking environment, and returned to Hamburg after the war, where he studied physics, started a family, and became an innovative researcher. Later, he spent several years in the United States of America, but always returned to Hamburg, where he became the founding director of the Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie in 1975. His Institute soon became one of the world’s leading research facilities in the field of climate science. He retired in 2000, but continued his work in climate science as a “grey eminence” in the background, whilst his heart and mind turned to particle physics. He recently turned 90, and we—a group of former co-workers, scientific friends and colleagues—decided that we had to tell the story of this remarkable man.
Bootstrapping monodromy defects in the Wess-Zumino model
Authors: Gimenez-Grau Aleix , Liendo Pedro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We use analytical bootstrap techniques to study supersymmetric monodromy defects in the critical Wess-Zumino model. In preparation for this result we first study two related systems which are interesting on their own: general monodromy defects (no susy), and the ε-expansion bootstrap for the Wess-Zumino model (no defects). For general monodromy defects, we extend previous work on codimension-two conformal blocks and the Lorentzian inversion formula in order to accommodate parity-odd structures. In the Wess-Zumino model, we bootstrap four-point functions of chiral operators in the ε-expansion, with the goal of obtaining spectral information about the bulk theory. We then proceed to bootstrap two-point functions of chiral operators in the presence of a monodromy defect, and obtain explicit expressions in terms of novel special functions which we analyze in detail. Several of the results presented in this paper are quite general and should be applicable to other setups.
Schulische Gesundheitsförderung von Ottawa bis heute: Chancen und Herausforderungen
Authors: Paulus Peter 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungEin Blick zurück auf die inzwischen 30-jährige Geschichte der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung in Deutschland lässt Entwicklungslinien erkennen, die zu ihrem Verständnis hilfreich sind und den Blick für zukünftige Chancen und Herausforderungen öffnen. In diesem Beitrag wird die schulische Gesundheitsförderung aus 3 Perspektiven betrachtet: als Praxis‑, Forschungs- und Politikfeld.Im Praxisfeld ist die schulische Gesundheitsförderung konfrontiert mit der schon länger andauernden von gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen geprägten Situation von Schüler*innen, Lehrkräften und Schulleitungen. In einer Vielgestaltigkeit von Maßnahmen lassen sich 3 Realisierungsformen erkennen, die sich aus gemeinsamen Wurzeln herausgebildet haben: (a) verhaltensbasierter Ansatz, (b) gesundheitsfördernde Schule und (c) Gute Gesunde Schule. „Gesundheitskompetenz“ und „Gesundheitskompetente Schule“ stellen aktuelle Entwicklungen dar. Im Forschungsfeld zeigt sich, dass die Möglichkeiten der Evaluation oft nicht ausgeschöpft werden und dass Evaluation in Settingansätzen vor großen Hürden steht. In Fragen zu Strategien der Dissemination und Implementation als weitere wichtige Forschungsfelder sind deutliche Fortschritte zu verzeichnen. Im Politikfeld sind wichtige Meilensteine gesetzt worden mit der Präventionsgesetzgebung von 2015, dem Präventionsleitfaden des Spitzenverbandes Bund der Krankenkassen (GKV), den Empfehlungen der Kultusministerkonferenz (KMK) 2012 und mit dem Fachkonzept der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (DGUV) von 2013. Schulgesetze der Länder und die Qualitätskonzepte guter Schulen zeigen mögliche Verknüpfungen des Gesundheitsmanagements mit dem pädagogischen Qualitätsmanagement der Schulen auf.Im Fazit wird sichtbar, dass eine Rahmung für die schulische Gesundheitsförderung noch fehlt, die theoriegeleitet Forschung und Praxis anleitet und miteinander verbindet.