bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the relationship between the response to methotrexate therapy and its pharmacokinetic parameters in rheumatoid arthritis. Sovremennaya Revmatologiya
Authors: Gridneva G. I. , Muravyov Yu. V. , Glukhova S. I. , Aronova E. S. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Baimeeva N. V. 
Published: August 2022

The development of therapeutic drug monitoring of methotrexate (MT) remains an important and unresolved problem.Objective: to study the dynamics of the concentration of MT metabolites in groups of patients with different responses to MT therapy, to identify the clinical features of these groups.Patients and methods. The study included 79 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including 65 (82%) women and 14 (18%) men (mean age 53±11 years). MT monoglutamate was measured in erythrocytes (ER) and mononuclear cells (MO), as well as the main MT metabolites: polyglutamates with 2, 3 and 4 glutamate residues (MTPG2-4), as well as 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OH-MT) after 4, 12, 24 and 36 weeks after the start of MT treatment.Results and discussion. Among the patients who completed the 24-week follow-up, 34 responded to MT therapy (Group 1) and 36 did not respond to it (Group 2). Patients of the two groups did not differ in the concentration of various metabolites of MT after 4 weeks, age, body mass index, duration of RA, DAS28 value, radiological stage, functional class, presence of extra-articular manifestations, single and cumulative doses of MT. In the 1st group after 12 weeks of therapy, a higher concentration of 7-OH-MT (ER) was detected, after 24 weeks – a higher concentration of 7-OH-MT (MO) and a lower level of MTPH3 (ER).Conclusion. The concentration of 7-OH-MT after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy was higher in the group of patients who responded to therapy. 7-OH-MT appears to be a more persistent metabolite of MT and therefore more applicable for therapeutic drug monitoring of MT. The level of MT and its metabolites (MT monoglutamate, MTPG2 and 7-OH-MT) gradually decreases over time in responders to therapy. A 7-OH-MT concentration of 14.5 nmol/l may be a predictor of a good response to MT therapy.
Rezeption ins Zentrum stellen
Authors: Hetjens Dominik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sprach- und Medienwandel der letzten Jahrzehnte haben nicht nur bewirkt, dass sich die Kommunikationsverhalten mancher sozialer Gruppen stark unterscheiden, heutige Schüler:innen haben dafür auch ein Bewusstsein, das in ihrer Alltagserfahrung fußt. Daran kann eine Didaktik anschließen, die historisches Rezeptionsverhalten stärker zum Gegenstand von Schulunterricht macht und betont, wie Texte wahrgenommen wurden und welche Bezüge zur Sprachkultur der Zeit bestanden, die ein kaum behandeltes Unterrichtsthema darstellt. Dies ermöglicht es nicht nur, sprachlichen Wandel und dessen Bedeutung zu erläutern, sondern fördert auch ein Bewusstsein für die Relevanz historischer Texte, Bildungsplantransparenz und kritische Mediennutzung. Der Beitrag erforscht die Möglichkeiten einer solchen didaktischen Ausrichtung in Bezug auf exemplarische Lehrpläne und Schulbücher. Er schließt in dem Vorschlag, verschiedene Rezeptionsebenen zu Leitkonzepten und konkreten Unterrichtsthemen zu machen, was eine stärkere linguistische Informierung des Schulunterrichts fordern würde.
„unsere sprache tut enorm verarmen [...] dadurch dass wir viele anglizismen übernehmen“ – Norminstanzen von Schüler:innen und Lehrer:innen im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Palliwoda Nicole , Sauer Verena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn welchen Instanzen, Modellsprecher:innen oder Personen orientieren sich Lehrer:innen und Schüler:innen, wenn sierichtigesDeutsch schreiben und sprechen wollen? Diese Frage wird im Rahmen einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von 93 Interviews mit Gymnasiast:innen sowie deren Lehrer:innen beantwortet. Die Datengrundlage bilden Befragungen, welche im Rahmen des DFG-ProjektsDer deutsche Sprachraum aus Sicht linguistischer Laien – Wahrnehmungsdialektologische Grundlagenforschung und die Rekonstruktion von Laienkonzeptualisierungendurchgeführt wurden (vgl. Hundt, Palliwoda & Schröder 2017). Der Fragenkomplex zur ThematikGutes Deutsch(vgl. hierzu auch Beuge 2019) wird im letzten Abschnitt der Befragung aufgegriffen. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht auf diese Thematik ein und beleuchtet insbesondere die Antworten der Gewährspersonen (GPen) zu den Norminstanzen. Dabei werden zunächst alle Norminstanzen herausgearbeitet, auf die sich die Befragten beziehen und im Anschluss auf die unabhängigen sozialen Variablen (Alter,Geschlecht,Herkunft) hin überprüft. Aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Erfahrungs- und Alltagswissens sowie der spezifischen Lebensumstände der beiden Proband:innengruppen lassen sich zum Teil Unterschiede bzgl. der Vorstellungen zu den normkonstituierenden Instanzen ermitteln.
Eclampsia a preventable tragedy: an African overview
Authors: Aliyu Labaran Dayyabu , Kadas Abubakar Saidu , Abdulsalam Mohammed , Abdulllahi Hauwa Musa , Farouk Zubaida , Usman Fatima , Attah Raphael Avidime , Yusuf Murtala , Magashi Mahmoud Kawu , Miko Mustapha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Eclampsia is a multisystemic disease associated with various complications which individually or in combination can lead to maternal/fetal morbidity and mortality. Developed countries and some developing countries were largely successful in reducing the incidence of eclampsia. Developing countries especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are still dealing with high incidence of eclampsia. The question is why have the incidence and mortality of eclampsia remained high in SSA? The risk factors for this disease are globally the same but a critical assessment showed that there are certain risk factors that are common in Sub-Saharan Africa (multiple pregnancy, sickle cell disease, pregnancies at the extremes of reproductive age, pre-existing vasculitis). In addition, there are compounding factors (illiteracy, poverty, superstitious beliefs, poor prenatal care services, poorly trained manpower and lack of facilities to cater for patients). Addressing the menace of this disease require a holistic approach which among others, includes education to address beliefs and reduce harmful practices, poverty alleviation which will improve the ability for communities to afford health care services. Improving transport services to convey patients quickly to facilities on time when there is need. Improving the health infrastructure, building more facilities, providing trained and motivated manpower and regular supply of quality essential drugs for the management of the disease. This review is meant to analyze factors prevalent in Sub-Saharan that hinder reducing incidence of the disease and provide comprehensive and cost-effective solutions.
Mostar index of graphs associated to groups
Authors: Rehman Masood Ur , Salman Muhammad , Khan Sheraz , Maden Ayse Dilek , Ali Faisal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A bond-additive connectivity index, named as the Mostar index, is used to measure the amount of peripheral edges of a simple connected graph, where a peripheral edge in a graph is an edge whose one end vertex has more number of vertices closer as compared to the other end vertex. In this study, we count the contribution of peripheral edges in commuting, non-commuting, and non-conjugate graphs associated to the dihedral and semi-dihedral groups. In fact, we compute the Mostar index of these graphs.
I. Kaiser Friedrich II. und sein Versuch,die Kardinäle gegen den Papst auszuspielen
Authors: Frenken Ansgar 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
In Reaktion auf die (zweiten) Bannung und der von ihm erwarteten Absetzung durch Papst Gregor IX. versuchte Kaiser Friedrich II. die Stellung der Kardinäle unter Rückgriff auf kontrovers diskutierte Bestimmungen des kanonischen Rechts propagandistisch aufzuwerten. Möglicherweise erhoffte er sich durch die Betonung ihrer Teilnahme an der plenitudo potestatis des Papstes einen mäßigenden Einfluss auf Gregor, vielleicht auch durch sie die Einberufung eines eigentlich dem Papst vorbehaltenen allgemeinen Konzils. Warum es dem Kaiser letztlich jedoch nicht gelang, die Mehrheit der Kardinäle zu einer Gegenposition zum Papst zu bewegen, soll in dieser Studie untersucht werden.
Pfarrliche Vermögensorganisation zwischen Kirche und Staat: Kirchenpflegen (Kirchenfabriken) in Württemberg im 19. und beginnenden 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Dusil Stephan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The Administration of Ecclesiastical Goods between State and Church: Fabricae Ecclesiae in Wuerttemberg in the 19th and 20th centuries. Since the Middle Ages, fabricae ­ecclesiae served to finance the erection and the maintenance of churches. The Church claimed to freely administer these goods, even if lay men often served as administrators. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Wuerttemberg took over control of these goods and ordered the state municipality, assisted by local clerics, to govern them. In 1887, the king of Wuerttemberg started a process to separate ecclesiastical from secular goods. After WWI, the fabricae ecclesiae in Wuerttemberg were administered entirely by the Catholic Church. This contribution analyses this evolution from three perspectives, namely universal canon law, state law in Wuerttemberg, and particular canon law. It thereby highlights the tension between self-administration and state control of ecclesiastical goods, especially in the 19th century, and points to the fact that even the Catholic Church was part of the secular ruler’s authority over the church.
Freie Kirche im freien Staat. Die Entstehung des österreichischen Protestantengesetzes (1961) zu seinem 60-Jahr-Jubiläum1)
Authors: Schwarz Karl W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
“The free church in the free state” is a quotation from the Italian politician Cavour that the Austrian Minister of Culture Drimmel took up when he ushered in a new era of Austrian religious policy in 1954. The situation was complicated because the validity of the Concordat with Rome of 1934 was disputed. It was not until the State Treaty of 1955 that its continued validity under international law was confirmed; its domestic enactment by a rump parliament in 1935 (without Social Democratic deputies) was challenged by the Socialist coalition partner. It was not until 1957 that a solution to the concordat issue could be tackled. This was done by renegotiating partial concordats. At the same time, the Protestant Law was drafted, of which the aforementioned minister could say that it realized best his ideas on religious law. He regretted that it could not be implemented in the form of a church treaty. Constitutional concerns stood in the way because the Protestant Church does not have subjectivity under international law. The article discusses the prehistory of the Protestant Law and analyzes individual provisions of it.
Mammalian adipogenesis regulator (Areg) cells use retinoic acid signalling to be non‐ and anti‐adipogenic in age‐dependent manner
Authors: Zachara Magda , Rainer Pernille Y , Hashimi Horia , Russeil Julie M , Alpern Daniel , Ferrero Radiana , Litovchenko Maria , Deplancke Bart 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdipose stem and precursor cells (ASPCs) give rise to adipocytes and determine the composition and plasticity of adipose tissue. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that ASPCs partition into at least three distinct cell subpopulations, including the enigmatic CD142+ cells. An outstanding challenge is to functionally characterise this population, as discrepant properties, from adipogenic to non‐ and anti‐adipogenic, have been reported for these cells. To resolve these phenotypic ambiguities, we characterised mammalian subcutaneous CD142+ ASPCs across various experimental conditions, demonstrating that CD142+ ASPCs exhibit high molecular and phenotypic robustness. Specifically, we find these cells to be firmly non‐ and anti‐adipogenic both in vitro and in vivo, with their inhibitory signals also impacting adipogenic human cells. However, these CD142+ ASPC‐specific properties exhibit surprising temporal phenotypic alterations, and emerge only in an age‐dependent manner. Finally, using multi‐omic and functional assays, we show that the inhibitory nature of these adipogenesis‐regulatory CD142+ ASPCs (Aregs) is driven by specifically expressed secretory factors that cooperate with the retinoic acid signalling pathway to transform the adipogenic state of CD142− ASPCs into a non‐adipogenic, Areg‐like state.
SPICE‐Met: profiling and imaging energy metabolism at the single‐cell level using a fluorescent reporter mouse
Authors: Russo Erica , Lemaître Fabrice , Corre Béatrice , Chikina Aleksandra S , Langa‐Vives Francina , Bousso Philippe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe regulation of cellular energy metabolism is central to most physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, most current methods have limited ability to functionally probe metabolic pathways in individual cells. Here, we describe SPICE‐Met (Single‐cell Profiling and Imaging of Cell Energy Metabolism), a method for profiling energy metabolism in single cells using flow cytometry or imaging. We generated a transgenic mouse expressing PercevalHR, a fluorescent reporter for cellular ATP:ADP ratio. Modulation of PercevalHR fluorescence with metabolic inhibitors was used to infer the dependence of energy metabolism on oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in defined cell populations identified by flow cytometry. We applied SPICE‐Met to analyze T‐cell memory development during vaccination. Finally, we used SPICE‐Met in combination with real‐time imaging to dissect the heterogeneity and plasticity of energy metabolism in single macrophages ex vivo and identify three distinct metabolic patterns. Functional probing of energy metabolism with single‐cell resolution should greatly facilitate the study of immunometabolism at a steady state, during disease pathogenesis or in response to therapy.
The Cost of Diagnosing and Managing Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Europe and the United States
Authors: Geier Andreas , Heinz Sabina , Balp Maria-Magdalena , Brass Clifford , Pedrosa Marcos , Cai Jennifer , Hoad Rachel , Sayadian Aram-Christopher , Rinella Mary , Ratziu Vlad 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is acknowledged as a severe disease that is associated with a significant burden on patients, payers, and society. However, limited evidence exists on the cost associated with NASH across different countries. This analysis aims to describe the cost associated with the routine care of patients with NASH in France, Germany, and the United States.
Methods: Data was sourced from the Gesellschaft für Konsumforschung (now Ipsos) Disease Atlas Real- World Evidence program collected from July through November 2017 in France, Germany, and the United States. Country-level unit cost was estimated from national databases for diagnostic tests and procedures, prescription drugs, hospital stays, and outpatient visits in respective local currency based on 2017 values. These were combined to provide an estimate of the cost of management of confirmed NASH in this specific patient population and are presented as mean cost per patient per year for each country in local currency and as USD adjusted for purchasing power parity for comparison.
Results: Annual mean ± standard deviation cost of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ranged from purchasing power parity USD 1,049±2,461 in Germany to USD 1,723±2,988 in the United States. In all markets, the predominant contributor to cost is healthcare resource use represented by hospitalisation and outpatient visits.
Conclusions: This study reveals that costs associated with NASH treatment and management vary across the three countries studied, in part due to differences in healthcare systems but also due to different approaches in managing this disease. Our analysis represents the costs for a specific cohort of patients and further studies are warranted to better understand the progressive impact of NASH on healthcare systems and society.
Exploring the Impact of Trauma and Psychosocial Processes on the Quality of Life in Individuals Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Glynn Heidi , Apputhurai Pragalathan , Moore Gregory T , Knowles Simon R 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common in individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Living with a medical condition has been linked to the development of PTSD and to adversely impact patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to extend the common sense model (CSM) and evaluate trauma as an additional psychosocial process in the relationship between IBD symptoms and quality of life (QoL).
Method: A cross-sectional online study exploring trauma and IBD was performed.
Results: 68 (32.2%) of the sample met the criteria for PTSD. Of this trauma group, 37 (54.4%) reported IBD related trauma, 21 (30.9%) reported non-IBD related trauma and 10 (14.7%) did not identify the trauma type. A structural equation model (SEM) based upon the CSM was found to have an excellent fit (χ2 (3)=1.10, p=0.35, RMSEA=0.02, SRMR=0.02, CFI=1.00, GFI=0.99). Results showed that trauma symptoms partially mediated the relationship between illness perceptions and QoL and fully mediated the relationship between maladaptive coping and QoL.
Conclusion: This study extended the CSM and found that trauma symptoms functioned as a mediator between IBD activity and QoL. These results highlight the need for a holistic approach including psychological assessment and intervention in IBD.
Trends in the Diversity of Pediatric Faculty: 2000 to 2020
Authors: Omoruyi Emma A. , Orr Colin J. , Russell Greg , Montez Kimberly 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
Academic medicine diversity is important for addressing health disparities and training the next generation. A recent study highlighted the lack of diversity among pediatric trainees over time. However, trends in US pediatric faculty diversity have not been clearly illuminated. The aim of this study is to evaluate pediatric faculty diversity trends and compare racial/ethnic representation between pediatric faculty and the US population.

METHODS
Repeat cross-sectional study of the Association of American Medical Colleges Faculty Roster of pediatric faculty from 2000 to 2020. Trends in sex, race, ethnicity, and rank were compared with the Cochran-Armitage test. Data on faculty race/ethnicity were compared with the general and child population by using US Census Bureau data.

RESULTS
Trends in underrepresented in medicine (URiM) faculty representation significantly increased at all ranks: professor (+3.5%, P &lt; .0001), associate professor (+3.0%, P = .0001), and assistant professor (+2.5%, P = .0001). URiM male representation remained unchanged (P = .14), whereas significantly increased trends occurred in URiM female representation (+3.4%, P &lt; .0001). African American/Black males significantly decreased representation at associate (-0.4%, P = .04) and assistant professor levels (-0.6%, P &lt; .0001), and American Indian/Alaska Native males significantly decreased representation at the assistant professor rank (-0.1%, P &lt; .0001). The percentage of URiM pediatric faculty representation was considerably lower compared with 2020 US overall and longitudinal child population representation.

CONCLUSION
The stagnation of URiM male representation and lack of faculty diversity reflective of the US population may have a critical impact on the ability to recruit/retain a diverse pediatric workforce and promote equitable care.
Diferentes intervenções de fisioterapia na melhora da sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio de idosas
Authors: Trennepohl Cátia , Thum Cristina , Rosa Carolina Böettge , Costa Dinara Hansen 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos de dois diferentes protocolos de fisioterapia no tratamento da sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio em idosas da comunidade do município de Panambi. Métodos: ensaio clínico piloto, quantitativo e descritivo. As participantes responderam questionário sobre condições de saúde e autopercepção de sensibilidade plantar. Após, passaram por avaliação da sensibilidade plantar com estesiômetro Semmes-Weinstein. Foram selecionadas apenas idosas com sensibilidade diminuída. O equilíbrio foi avaliado através da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg e teste Timed Up and Go. As 13 participantes selecionadas foram divididas em grupo sensibilidade plantar e grupo proprioceptivo, com a realização de 10 intervenções com cada grupo, com estímulo específico conforme alocação nos grupos. Após houve a reavaliação das participantes com estesiômetro, Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg e Timed Up and Go. As comparações das variáveis quantitativas foram realizadas através do teste t de Student, com nível de significância adotado de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: 12 idosas concluíram o estudo, porém apenas cinco relataram perceber diminuição de sensibilidade plantar. As regiões plantares com maior perda de sensibilidade foram nos metatarsos, região lateral do pé e calcâneo. Já a região medial, apresentou menor perda sensorial. Após os treinos, ambos os grupos mostraram melhora estatisticamente significativa na sensibilidade plantar. Já no equilíbrio, o grupo sensibilidade plantar apresentou resultados estatisticamente significativos no teste Timed Up and Go e o grupo proprioceptivo na Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg. Conclusão: os treinos mostraram-se efetivos na sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio das participantes, indicando que a combinação dessas intervenções no tratamento do controle postural é uma boa opção para fisioterapeutas.
Effect of hydrolytic degree on antioxidant activity and functional properties of Acetes japonicus proteolysate
Authors: Vo T.D.L. , Nguyen V.K. , Nguyen T.T.P. , Vo B.C. , Nguyen T.T.T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of hydrolysis degree (DH) on both antioxidant activity and functional properties of Acetes japonicus proteolysate (AP). Consequently, the AP showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (SA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) at DH of 66.7%. Whereas, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) cation radical (ABTS•+) SA and superoxide anion radical (O2
•–) SA of the AP peaked at DH of 75.8%. In addition, its strongest Fe2+-chelating rate was found at DH of 72.1%. In the pH range from 3 to 8, the AP showed solubility over 55% even after heat treating, foaming capacity (FC) of 5.7–80.0%, foaming stability (FS) of 2.9–77.0%, emulsifying-activity index (EAI) of 16.1–56.3 m2 g−1, and emulsifying stability index (ESI) of 12.4–156.7 min. The highest water-holding capacity (WHC) and oil-holding capacity (OHC) of the AP were observed at DH of 66.7% and 50.6%, respectively. This study enhanced value of the Acetes by producing antioxidant AP possessing functionalities.