bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Jaques–Dalcroze eurhythmics program on postural stability in elderly women
Authors: Adamczyk Jan , Celka Roman , Stemplewski Rafał , Ceynowa Kinga , Maciaszek Janusz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDecreased postural stability is observed in older adults. There is an increased risk of falls, which may lead to serious complications and death. Elderly people can maintain and even improve their postural stability through properly selected exercises. This study investigated the effect of exercise using the Emil Jaques–Dalcroze’s Eurhythmics (JDE) method on the postural stability of women over 65 years of age. The study model was based on a randomized controlled trial—parallel group design. Fifty-nine women (69.85 ± 3.29) were divided into two groups: intervention (IG, n = 26) and control (CG, n = 33). The IG subjects participated in a JDE exercise programme for 12 weeks, twice a week for 45 min each. Postural stability was determined using a test on the AMTI AccuSway Plus posturography platform, recording centre of pressure (COP) point displacement. A biofeedback model was used. Accuracy, speed and reaction time of movements were assessed. Two measurement sessions were conducted in both groups: 1 week before starting the exercise programme and immediately afterwards. After 12 weeks of exercise, subjects from IG scored significantly better in the test of accuracy (p < 0.05) and speed (p < 0.05) of movements. Additionally, for parameters determining accuracy of movements, an interaction between allocation to a group and a measurement session was shown (group × time). A 12-week exercise program using the JDE method improves the postural stability of women over 65 years of age by improving the parameters of speed and accuracy of torso movements.
Quantum correlated heat engine in XY chain with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions
Authors: Asadian M. , Ahadpour S. , Mirmasoudi F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a heat engines composed of two interactional qubits with spin-orbit interaction (Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM)) subject to an external magnetic field, so that each qubit is coupled with cold or hot source. One intention of this work is to investigate the following question: is it possible the effects of DM lead to improve basic thermodynamic quantities in this heat engine are coupled to local environments that are not necessarily at equilibrium? Moreover, we study whether or not quantum correlations can be helpful in the performance of quantum work engines. For this end, we investigate the effects of the temperature and the interaction rate of each qubit with its surrounding environment on quantum correlations such as quantum coherence and quantum discord and quantum entanglements, as well as the generated work. Finally we compare three quantum correlations (entanglement, discord, and coherence) with thermodynamic parameters and show that the output work is positive for what values of the magnetic field so that this cycle can be considered as a thermal machine.
A new surgical strategy for the treatment of tibial pilon fractures with MIPO facilitated by double reverse traction repositor
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhao Kuo , Jin Zhucheng , Zhang Junzhe , Chen Wei , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to introduce a technique combining double reverse traction repositor (DRTR) with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in the surgical treatment of pilon fractures and to observe the efficiency of this approach during a short-term follow-up period. From January to December 2018, patients with pilon fractures who were treated by MIPO with DRTR were reviewed. The demographic and fracture characteristics, surgical data, and prognostic data of 24 patients were extracted. In all 24 patients, closed reduction was achieved with the MIPO technique, and excellent functional and radiological outcomes were observed. The average duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss were 95.0 ± 14.2 min and 152.1 ± 52.1 ml, respectively. A mean of 16.0 ± 1.9 intraoperative fluoroscopies were conducted. At the 12-month follow-up evaluation, the average AOFAS score was 85.2 ± 5.1. Anatomic or good reduction was observed in 23 (95.8%) patients. The mean ranges of motion of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were 11.0 ± 2.7 and 32.7 ± 11.1, respectively. Two patients with deep venous thrombosis and one patient with wound non-purulent exudate were noted. Additionally, the wounds healed after routine dressing change. No other complications, including skin necrosis or delayed, non-union or malunion, were observed. The new strategy combining DRTR with MIPO in the treatment of pilon fractures allowed excellent radiological and clinical outcomes and a low postoperative complication rate to be achieved in a short-term follow-up period. Further large sample and comparative studies should be conducted to validate our results.
Assessing the influence of electric vehicle charging profile modelling methods
Authors: Simolin Toni , Rautiainen Antti , Järventausta Pertti , Rauma Kalle , Rehtanz Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the scientific literature, it has been a common assumption that electric vehicles (EVs) draw a constant current during the whole charging session. In reality, EV charging profiles are not linear, and the non‐linearities have recently gained more attention. However, a thorough analysis of the influences of different charging profile modelling methods is not yet carried out. This paper aims to fill this gap by comparing experimental measurements of four commercial EVs and results of a developed simulation model that considers different charging profile modelling methods. According to the results, the use of linear charging profiles may lead to notable modelling inaccuracies (error > 30%) whereas the use of measurement‐based non‐linear charging profile models yields relatively accurate results (error mostly ≤ 3.5%). The results also demonstrate that the use of a simple, but justified, bilinear charging profile model is likely to be sufficiently accurate in most scenarios.
Double‐layer equalizer with multi‐winding transformer and resonance switched capacitor module for series‐connected batteries
Authors: Pan Shuo , Lu Na , Liu Nan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA double‐layer architecture for series‐connected modules is proposed to decrease the long battery string's equalizer circuit complexity, which is based on multi‐winding transformers and resonance switched capacitors. Cell voltages in a module are equalized by the multi‐winding transformer equalizer, while module voltages are unified by resonance switched capacitor converters. Both multi‐winding transformer and resonance switched capacitor share a half‐bridge, and all of the switches are derived by one pair of pulse‐width modulation (PWM). The theoretical and dynamic balance experiments are conducted to verify the equalizer feasibility. The results show that both layers’ system can realize the automatic balance without cell‐monitoring circuits. The efficiency of the proposed equalizer reaches 93.2%.
Extragalactic fast X-ray transient candidates discovered byChandra(2000–2014)
Authors: Quirola-Vásquez J. , Bauer F. E. , Jonker P. G. , Brandt W. N. , Yang G. , Levan A. J. , Xue Y. Q. , Eappachen D. , Zheng X. C. , Luo B. 
Published: April 2022

Context.Extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXRTs) are short flashes of X-ray photons of unknown origin that last a few seconds to hours.Aims.Our ignorance about their physical mechanisms and progenitor systems is due in part to the lack of clear multiwavelength counterparts in most cases, because FXRTs have only been identified serendipitously.Methods.We develop a systematic search for FXRTs in theChandraSource Catalog (Data Release 2.0; 169.6 Ms over 592.4 deg2, using only observations with |b|> 10° and before 2015), using a straightforward X-ray flare search algorithm and incorporating various multiwavelength constraints to rule out Galactic contamination and characterize the candidates.Results.We report the detection of 14 FXRT candidates from a parent sample of 214 701 sources. Candidates have peak 0.5–7 keV fluxes between 1 × 10−13and 2 × 10−10erg cm−2s−1andT90values from 4 to 48 ks. The sample can be subdivided into two groups: six “nearby” FXRTs that occurred withind  ≲  100 Mpc and eight “distant” FXRTs with likely redshifts ≳0.1. Three distant FXRT candidates exhibit light curves with a plateau (≈1–3 ks duration) followed by a power-law decay and X-ray spectral softening, similar to what was observed for the previously reported FXRT CDF-S XT2, a proposed magnetar-powered binary neutron star merger event. After applying completeness corrections, we calculate event rates for the nearby and distant samples of 53.7−15.1+22.6and 28.2−6.9+9.8deg−2yr−1, respectively.Conclusions.This novel sample ofChandra-detected extragalactic FXRT candidates, although modest in size, breaks new ground in terms of characterizing the diverse properties, nature, and possible progenitors of these enigmatic events.
Emicizumab for All Pediatric Patients with Severe Hemophilia A
Authors: Wieland Ivonne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEmicizumab is the first approved nonreplacement therapy for bleeding prophylaxis in hemophilia A (HA) patients. In 2018, it was licensed for HA patients with inhibitors, subsequently followed by an “European Medicines Agency (EMA)” approval for patients with severe HA in the absence of inhibitors in 2019. This is immediately raising the question whether emicizumab is suitable as a first-line treatment for all pediatric patients with severe HA. In this review, we want to discuss what we have, what we know, and what we would like to know. Severe HA is characterized by severe spontaneous and traumatic bleedings, particularly into muscles and joints leading to chronic joint damage. Standard of care is the regular, prophylactic replacement of factor VIII to prevent bleedings. Due to approval of emicizumab—the first nonreplacement therapy for bleeding prophylaxis—in HA patients with inhibitors, and severe HA patients without inhibitors, it is of pivotal interest whether emicizumab could be the first-line treatment in all pediatric patients with severe HA. Clinical trials and real-world observational studies could demonstrate a good efficacy and safety for bleeding prevention during emicizumab treatment in HA patients with and without inhibitors. This clearly indicates that emicizumab could improve HA treatment. However, some crucial and critical questions are remaining with regard to the use of emicizumab. Some of this missing information is already under investigation in the context of clinical trials. Until getting finalized data to shed insights into the points that are currently being discussed, there is a variety of expert and expert group recommendations, which are tackling questions concerning the treatment of HA patients. This review will address major information that is already available, but will also focus on important points that remain to be elucidated in the context of HA treatment.
New Anticoagulants in Neonates, Children, and Adolescents
Authors: Halimeh Susan , Male Christoph , Nowak-Goettl Ulrike 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThrombotic events are an increasing challenge in pediatrics. Standard-of-care anticoagulants for pediatric thrombosis have several disadvantages which could be overcome by using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Until recently, there was not enough evidence from clinical trials to recommend for or against the use of any of the four DOACs in children with thrombosis. In this literature review, we looked at the latest clinical trials in this field. On clinicaltrials.gov, we found 13 current studies with published results. For two of the four DOACs, namely dabigatran and rivaroxaban, we found successful phase III studies which led to the approval for the use in children. The results of these pivotal phase III studies allow to finally recommend rivaroxaban and dabigatran for the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic events in children.
Kavernöse nichttuberkulöse Mykobakteriose der Lunge durch
M. heckeshornense bei einem HIV-infizierten Patienten
Authors: Othmer Johannes Till , Schoenfeld Nicolas , Roth Andreas , Vesenbeckh Manuel Silvan , Bauer Torsten , Mauch Harald 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungBisher wurden nur 21 Fälle einer klinischen Infektion mit M. heckeshornense beim Menschen berichtet, nachdem die seltene Spezies erstmals im Jahr 2000 beschrieben wurde. Wir diskutieren Diagnose und Therapie eines weiteren Falles dieser seltenen atypischen Mykobakteriose bei einem immunsupprimierten Patienten 1.
Critical Appraisal of Radionuclide Calibrators and Gamma Cameras Prior to Lutetium-177 Internal Dosimetry at Two South African Hospitals
Authors: Van Wyk Bronwin P. , Hasford Francis , Nyakale Nozipho E. , Vangu M. Mboyo-Di-Tamba , Oelofse Bertus , Leboea Hector M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction The functionality of radionuclide dose calibrator and nuclear medicine imaging systems hasa direct effect on the accuracy and preciseness of internal dosimetry evaluations. Our study, therefore, aimed to critically appraise the radionuclide calibrators and gamma cameras prior to Lutetium-177 (177Lu) internal dosimetry in a developing country.
Materials and Methods Two radionuclide calibrators' and three gamma cameras at two South African hospitals were critically appraised in preparation for internal dosimetry of 177Lu. The radionuclide calibrators' accuracy, linearity, and sample volume abilities were appraised. For the three gamma cameras, the uniformity, energy resolution, center of rotation, and collimator sensitivity were appraised. These appraisals were performed between the years 2014 and 2019.
Results The radionuclide calibrators' constancy, accuracy, linearity, and sample volume were within ± 5%. We also integrated a 177Lu calibration factor into one radionuclide calibrator's library. The three gamma cameras' uniformity was within 2 to 5%, energy resolution within 11%, center of rotation within 2 mm, and the sensitivity recorded for all low energy high resolution collimator.
Conclusion Our radionuclide calibrators passed the critical appraisal and may be confidently used for assaying 177Lu. All three cameras also passed critical appraisal and may be used to assess organ absorbed dose.
Treatment Response following Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Miliary versus Macronodular Pulmonary Metastases in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Sunny S. S. , Hephzibah J. , Shanthly N. , Oommen R. , Cherian A. J. , Mathew D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Pulmonary metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma have two common presentations—micro/miliary (MM) and macronodular metastases (MN). The mainstay of treatment, posttotal thyroidectomy, is multiple radioactive iodine ablations (RAIA) every 6 to 12 months. Response assessment is determined by decline in stimulated serum thyroglobulin levels (sTg), disease regression on chest x-ray (CXR), computed tomography thorax, or whole body iodine scintigraphy (TWBS).
Aim This study aims to assess the difference in response to RAIA based on the pattern of presentation.
Methodology Retrospective analysis of patients from January 2008 to July 2017 was done. Patients with pulmonary metastases treated with RAIA (3700MBq per therapy as opposed to theAmerican Thyroid Association recommendation of 7400MBq per therapy) and a minimum follow-up of 8 months were included. The initial and the final sTg, TWBS, and CXR were analyzed for both groups. Final outcome in terms of complete response, disease regression, static disease, and disease progression was determined.
Results Of the total of 1,793 patients, 71 were included. There were 43 females and 28 males. The median age was 39 years and the range was 14 to 79 years. Forty-five (63.3%) patients had MM and 26 (36.6%) patients had MN disease. The average number of therapies was three and maximum follow-up period was 15 years. Of the 45 MM patients, 1 had progression, 7 were static, 23 had regression, and 14 had complete response. Of the 26 MN patients, 22 had progression, 2 were static, 1 had regression, and 1 had complete response.
Conclusion MM metastases, when compared with MN disease, respond to RAIA with a better outcome. In addition to achieving comparable response with a lower dose per therapy, there were no radiation-related long-term complications reported.
Metastatic Pheochromocytoma Diagnosed with 131I-MIBG SPECT/CT Imaging in a Patient with Pathogenic VHL Mutation
Authors: Vankadari Kousik , Boddula Raman , Hegde Aditya Gajanan , Chinte Chimutai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine secreting neuroendocrine tumor arising from chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla with approximate prevalence of 0.1 to 0.6% in patients suffering from hypertension. Hypertensive control followed by surgical resection remains the primary treatment of choice. Although it is considered a slow growing benign tumor, it rarely leads to recurrence of tumor in the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. Association of benign pheochromocytoma with familial or de novo Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutations is well reported in literature. Here, we report a case of metastatic pheochromocytoma arising from commonly seen benign VHL mutation.
Partnerships Blending Institutional Logics for Inclusive Global and Regional Food Value Chains in Ghana; with What Smallholder Effect?
Authors: van Paassen Annemarie , Osei-Amponsah Charity , Klerkx Laurens , van Mierlo Barbara , Essegbey George Owusu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe witness a promotion of hybrid partnerships, where actors with different competences and resources collaborate for smallholder inclusive value chain development. To better understand the functioning of these partnerships, we used institutional theory and studied the context of a global and emerging regional food value chains in Ghana, the blending of logics by key actors in Innovation Platforms and Public Private Partnerships, and their effect on value chain relations of smallholder farmers. In the global value chain of cocoa, partnerships adhered to ‘green revolution’ and ‘free-market’ logics, and provided all farmers material support. In the more informally organised regional food sector, local executing partners selectively coupled their logics with those of poor smallholders, who rely on low-input agriculture and solidarity logics to make ends meet. This improved the position and transaction costs of smallholders to participate in the value chain. Hence, it is more likely for partnerships to create smallholder inclusive governance in informally organised regional food value chains, than highly structured global value chains controlled by international buyers. To gain insight in the variety of political effects this triggers in different social–historical shaped farmer communities, households and actors, we recommend complementary local research from a critical institutional perspective.
Geriatric medicine learning objectives and entrustable professional activities in undergraduate medical curricula: a scoping review
Authors: von Streng Paats Tasslem , Masud Tahir , Huwendiek Sören , Blundell Adrian , Vassallo Michael , Stuck Andreas E 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
entrustable professional activities (EPAs) have become an important component of competency-based medical education. The aim of this study is to evaluate how geriatric medicine learning objectives are addressed by undergraduate medical curricula including EPAs.

Methods
we performed a scoping review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines to identify undergraduate medical curricula that include EPAs. A content analysis was conducted to examine how these curricula address the care of older individuals. In addition, we mapped the curricula to 19 geriatric medicine learning objectives identified from the European curriculum of undergraduate medical education.

Results
we found nine curricula, each containing between 4 and 16 core EPAs. In the sections describing the EPAs, three of the nine curricula specify that all core EPAs apply to all age groups including older patients, whereas the remaining six curricula either only refer to older patients in selected EPAs or not at all. Mapping revealed that some geriatric medicine learning objectives are covered by most curricula (e.g. medication use, multidisciplinary team work), whereas others are lacking in the majority (e.g. normal ageing, geriatric assessment, cognitive assessment, nutrition assessment, decision-making capacity assessment, long-term care). Three curricula cover most geriatric learning objectives by using a matrix aligning EPAs with geriatric competencies.

Conclusions
geriatric learning objectives continue to be missing from undergraduate medical curricula, also from those adopting the novel approach of EPAs. However, this review also identified some curricula that might serve as models for how geriatric learning objectives can be successfully covered within future EPA frameworks.
Data-Adaptive Selection of the Propensity Score Truncation Level for Inverse-Probability–Weighted and Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimators of Marginal Point Treatment Effects
Authors: Gruber Susan , Phillips Rachael V , Lee Hana , van der Laan Mark J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Inverse probability weighting (IPW) and targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) are methodologies that can adjust for confounding and selection bias and are often used for causal inference. Both estimators rely on the positivity assumption that within strata of confounders there is a positive probability of receiving treatment at all levels under consideration. Practical applications of IPW require finite inverse probability (IP) weights. TMLE requires that propensity scores (PS) be bounded away from 0 and 1. Although truncation can improve variance and finite sample bias, this artificial distortion of the IP weights and PS distribution introduces asymptotic bias. As sample size grows, truncation-induced bias eventually swamps variance, rendering nominal confidence interval coverage and hypothesis tests invalid. We present a simple truncation strategy based on the sample size, n, that sets the upper bound on IP weights at $\sqrt{\textit{n}}$ ln n/5. For TMLE, the lower bound on the PS should be set to 5/($\sqrt{\textit{n}}$ ln n/5). Our strategy was designed to optimize the mean squared error of the parameter estimate. It naturally extends to data structures with missing outcomes. Simulation studies and a data analysis demonstrate our strategy’s ability to minimize both bias and mean squared error in comparison with other common strategies, including the popular but flawed quantile-based heuristic.