bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic problems for elastic bodies with double voids
Authors: Tsagareli Ivane 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, in a general formulation, we solve the initial‐boundary value problems of dynamics for an isotropic elastic body with a double voids. Using the Laplace transform, these problems are reduced to pseudo‐oscillation boundary value problems the solutions of which are represented explicitly as absolutely and uniformly converging series. It is proved that inverse transforms yield solutions of the initial dynamic problems. The uniqueness of regular solutions of the considered problems is investigated.
On Uncertainties of Laser Interferometric Absolute Ballistic Gravimeters Due to Magnetic Effects in the Free-Fall Gravity Measurements
Authors: Vitushkin L. F. , Gidaspov D. D. , Karpeshin F. F. , Orlov O. A. , Khasiev I. S. , Sheremet V. I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAt present, the uncertainty in measurements of free fall acceleration (FFA) by the designed absolute ballistic gravimeter (ABG), developed in VNIIM, attains microgal values (1 Gal = 1 cm/s2). At such a high level of accuracy, the effects of the interaction of a test body (TB) falling in the vacuum chamber of the ABG in the geomagnetic field could comprise sources of systematic errors. Furthermore, individual units and systems of the ABG itself also can be sources of the magnetic field (MF). We report about more rigorous calculations of the possible effects than those performed in the past. A consecutive self-consistent method of calculation of the desired correction to the FFA has been developed. It results in the differential equation, including not only the field itself, but also its vertical first and second derivatives and variation of the velocity along the trajectory. The desired correction is obtained by its numerical solution on the basis of the parameters of the field generated by the magnet of the stepper motor. The derived correction proved to be at the level of a tenth part of microgal.
The Role of Non-tidal Atmospheric Loading in the Task of Gravity Field Estimation by Inter-Satellite Measurements
Authors: Skakun I. O. , Mitrikas V. V. , Ianishevskii V. V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper reviews models of tidal and non-tidal variations of the Earth's gravitational field. Proposing an algorithm for the estimation of the Stokes coefficients based on inter-satellite measurements of low-orbit spacecrafts. By processing measurements of the GRACE mission, we obtained experimental estimates of gravity field monthly variations. The analysis of these values was carried out by calculating the change in the equivalent water height for a given area.
Time Variations of the Vertical Component in Some of Japanese GEONET GNSS Sites
Authors: Shimada S. , Aichi M. , Harada T. , Tokunaga T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe analyze the vertical component of GEONET GNSS measurements in Central Japan and clarify in some of the sites the origin of large annual time variations, as well as the secular variations. Many of these vertical movements may be attributable to the use of groundwater for agriculture, for snow melting, industrial, and hospital usages, etc. and the pumping up of the groundwater mining for refining natural gas and iodine at the production area of natural gas dissolved in water. For this reason, highly accurate monitoring of vertical variations by GNSS observations can provide new observation methods for understanding of not only geodynamics but also hydrology through monitoring groundwater fluctuation, and natural gas and oil resource development through monitoring ground movements caused by mining.
Common Features Between Stroke Following Varicella in Children and Stroke Following Herpes Zoster in Adults
Authors: Grose Charles , Shaban Amir , Fullerton Heather J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe cerebral arteries are innervated by afferent fibers from the trigeminal ganglia. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) frequently resides in the trigeminal ganglion. Reports of arterial ischemic stroke due to VZV cerebral vasculopathy in adults after herpes zoster have been described for decades. Reports of arterial ischemic stroke due to post-varicella cerebral arteriopathy in children have also been described for decades. One rationale for this review has been post-licensure studies that have shown an apparent protective effect from stroke in both adults who have received live zoster vaccine and children who have received live varicella vaccine. In this review, we define common features between stroke following varicella in children and stroke following herpes zoster in adults. The trigeminal ganglion and to a lesser extent the superior cervical ganglion are central to the stroke pathogenesis pathway because afferent fibers from these two ganglia provide the circuitry by which the virus can travel to the anterior and posterior circulations of the brain. Based on studies in pseudorabies virus (PRV) models, it is likely that VZV is carried to the cerebral arteries on a kinesin motor via gE, gI and the homolog of PRV US9. The gE product is an essential VZV protein.
Provable properties of asymptotic safety in f(R) approximation
Authors: Mitchell Alex , Morris Tim R. , Stulga Dalius 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study an f(R) approximation to asymptotic safety, using a family of non-adaptive cutoffs, kept general to test for universality. Matching solutions on the four-dimensional sphere and hyperboloid, we prove properties of any such global fixed point solution and its eigenoperators. For this family of cutoffs, the scaling dimension at large n of the nth eigenoperator, is λn ∝ b n ln n. The coefficient b is non-universal, a consequence of the single-metric approximation. The large R limit is universal on the hyperboloid, but not on the sphere where cutoff dependence results from certain zero modes. For right-sign conformal mode cutoff, the fixed points form at most a discrete set. The eigenoperator spectrum is quantised. They are square integrable under the Sturm-Liouville weight. For wrong sign cutoff, the fixed points form a continuum, and so do the eigenoperators unless we impose square-integrability. If we do this, we get a discrete tower of operators, infinitely many of which are relevant. These are f(R) analogues of novel operators in the conformal sector which were used recently to furnish an alternative quantisation of gravity.
Searching for physics beyond the Standard Model in an off-axis DUNE near detector
Authors: Breitbach Moritz , Buonocore Luca , Frugiuele Claudia , Kopp Joachim , Mittnacht Lukas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Next generation neutrino oscillation experiments like DUNE and T2HK are multi-purpose observatories, with a rich physics program beyond oscillation measurements. A special role is played by their near detector facilities, which are particularly well-suited to search for weakly coupled dark sector particles produced in the primary target. In this paper, we demonstrate this by estimating the sensitivity of the DUNE near detectors to the scattering of sub-GeV DM particles and to the decay of sub-GeV sterile neutrinos (“heavy neutral leptons”). We discuss in particular the importance of the DUNE-PRISM design, which allows some of the near detectors to be moved away from the beam axis. At such off-axis locations, the signal-to-background ratio improves for many new physics searches. We find that this leads to a dramatic boost in the sensitivity to boosted DM particles interacting mainly with hadrons, while for boosted DM interacting with leptons, data taken on-axis leads to marginally stronger exclusion limits. Searches for heavy neutral leptons perform equally well in both configurations.
Higher order RG flow on the Wilson line in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM
Authors: Beccaria M. , Giombi S. , Tseytlin A. A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Extending earlier work, we find the two-loop term in the beta-function for the scalar coupling ζ in a generalized Wilson loop operator of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory, working in the planar weak-coupling expansion. The beta-function for ζ has fixed points at ζ = ±1 and ζ = 0, corresponding respectively to the supersymmetric Wilson-Maldacena loop and to the standard Wilson loop without scalar coupling. As a consequence of our result for the beta-function, we obtain a prediction for the two-loop term in the anomalous dimension of the scalar field inserted on the standard Wilson loop. We also find a subset of higher-loop contributions (with highest powers of ζ at each order in ‘t Hooft coupling λ) coming from the scalar ladder graphs determining the corresponding terms in the five-loop beta-function. We discuss the related structure of the circular Wilson loop expectation value commenting, in particular, on consistency with a 1d defect version of the F-theorem. We also compute (to two loops in the planar ladder model approximation) the two-point correlators of scalars inserted on the Wilson line.
Comparison of efficacy and safety between simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy and standard-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Lan Wang , Lihong Liu , Chun Han , Shutang Liu , Qi Wang , Liang Xu , Xiaoning Li , Likun Liu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) versus standard-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SD-IMRT) in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods
From July 2003 to March 2014, 1748 patients in a single center who received definitive chemoradiotherapy were included in the analysis. A total of 109 patients who underwent SIB-IMRT and fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified as the study group. A total of 266 patients who underwent SD-IMRT (60 Gy/30 fractions, 2 Gy/fraction, 1 time/day, 5 times/week) during the same period were selected as the control group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the baseline characteristics. Survival status, treatment failure mode, and the occurrence of adverse events were compared between the two groups.

Results
There were more women and more cervical and upper thoracic cancers (P = 0.038, < 0.001, respectively) in the SIB-IMRT group before case matching. The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the SD-IMRT and SIB-IMRT groups was 22 and 19 months, respectively, and the median overall survival duration was 24 and 22 months, respectively, with χ2 = 0.244 and P = 0.621. After PSM of 1:1, 138 patients entered the final analysis (69 cases from each group). The median PFS of the SD-IMRT group and the SIB-IMRT group was 13 and 18 months, respectively, with χ2 = 8.776 and P = 0.003. The 1‑, 3‑, and 5‑year overall survival rates were 66.7, 21.7, and 8.7% and 65.2, 36.2, and 27.3%, respectively, and the median overall survival duration was 16 and 22 months, respectively, with χ2 = 5.362 and P = 0.021. Treatment failure mode: 5‑year local regional recurrence rates of SD-IMRT and SIB-IMRT were 50.7 and 36.2%, respectively, with χ2 = 2.949 and P = 0.086. The 5‑year distant metastasis rates of the two groups were 36.2 and 24.6%, respectively, with χ2 = 2.190 and P = 0.139. Adverse events: 3 patients experienced grade 4–5 toxicity (2.2%), including one case of grade 4 radiation esophagitis and two cases of grade 5 radiation pneumonitis, all in the SD-IMRT group; 14 patients experienced grade 3 adverse events (10.1%), primarily including radiation esophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, and hematological toxicity.

Conclusion
The technique of SIB-IMRT was safe and reliable compared with SD-IMRT. In addition, SIB-IMRT had locoregional control advantages and potential survival benefits.
Integrated sustainability policy assessment – an agent-based ecological-economic model
Authors: Geisendorf Sylvie , Klippert Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes an agent-based evolutionary ecological-economic model that captures the link between the economy and the ecosystem in a more inclusive way than standard economic optimization models do. We argue that an evolutionary approach is required to understand the integrated dynamics of both systems, i.e. micro–macro feedbacks. In the paper, we illustrate that claim by analyzing the non-triviality of finding a sustainability policy mix as a use case for such a coupled system. The model has three characteristics distinguishing it from traditional environmental and resource economic models: (1) it implements a multi-dimensional link between the economic and the ecological system, considering side effects of production, and thus combines the analyses of environmental and resource economics; (2) following literature from biology, it uses a discrete time approach for the biological resource allowing for the whole range of stability regimes instead of artificially stabilizing the system, and (3) it links this resource system to an evolving, agent-based economy (on the basis of a Nelson-Winter model) with bounded rational decision makers instead of the standard optimization model. The policy case illustrates the relevance of the proposed integrated assessment as it delivers some surprising results on the effects of combined and consecutively introduced policies that would go unnoticed in standard models.
CEST MRI provides amide/amine surrogate biomarkers for treatment-naïve glioma sub-typing
Authors: Mancini Laura , Casagranda Stefano , Gautier Guillaume , Peter Philippe , Lopez Bruno , Thorne Lewis , McEvoy Andrew , Miserocchi Anna , Samandouras George , Kitchen Neil , Brandner Sebastian , De Vita Enrico , Torrealdea Francisco , Rega Marilena , Schmitt Benjamin , Liebig Patrick , Sanverdi Eser , Golay Xavier , Bisdas Sotirios 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Accurate glioma classification affects patient management and is challenging on non- or low-enhancing gliomas. This study investigated the clinical value of different chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) metrics for glioma classification and assessed the diagnostic effect of the presence of abundant fluid in glioma subpopulations.

Methods
Forty-five treatment-naïve glioma patients with known isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status received CEST MRI (B1rms = 2μT, Tsat = 3.5 s) at 3 T. Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry and CEST metrics (amides: offset range 3–4 ppm, amines: 1.5–2.5 ppm, amide/amine ratio) were calculated with two models: ‘asymmetry-based’ (AB) and ‘fluid-suppressed’ (FS). The presence of T2/FLAIR mismatch was noted.

Results
IDH-wild type had higher amide/amine ratio than IDH-mutant_1p/19qcodel (p < 0.022). Amide/amine ratio and amine levels differentiated IDH-wild type from IDH-mutant (p < 0.0045) and from IDH-mutant_1p/19qret (p < 0.021). IDH-mutant_1p/19qret had higher amides and amines than IDH-mutant_1p/19qcodel (p < 0.035). IDH-mutant_1p/19qret with AB/FS mismatch had higher amines than IDH-mutant_1p/19qret without AB/FS mismatch ( < 0.016). In IDH-mutant_1p/19qret, the presence of AB/FS mismatch was closely related to the presence of T2/FLAIR mismatch (p = 0.014).

Conclusions
CEST-derived biomarkers for amides, amines, and their ratio can help with histomolecular staging in gliomas without intense contrast enhancement. T2/FLAIR mismatch is reflected in the presence of AB/FS CEST mismatch. The AB/FS CEST mismatch identifies glioma subgroups that may have prognostic and clinical relevance.
Comparison of delirium detection tools in acute care
Authors: Brefka Simone , Eschweiler Gerhard Wilhelm , Dallmeier Dhayana , Denkinger Michael , Leinert Christoph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Delirium is a frequent psychopathological syndrome in geriatric patients. It is sometimes the only symptom of acute illness and bears a high risk for complications. Therefore, feasible assessments are needed for delirium detection.

Objective and methods
Rapid review of available delirium assessments based on a current Medline search and cross-reference check with a special focus on those implemented in acute care hospital settings.

Results
A total of 75 delirium detection tools were identified. Many focused on inattention as well as acute onset and/or fluctuating course of cognitive changes as key features for delirium. A range of assessments are based on the confusion assessment method (CAM) that has been adapted for various clinical settings. The need for a collateral history, time resources and staff training are major challenges in delirium assessment. Latest tests address these through a two-step approach, such as the ultrabrief (UB) CAM or by optional assessment of temporal aspects of cognitive changes (4 As test, 4AT). Most delirium screening assessments are validated for patient interviews, some are suitable for monitoring delirium symptoms over time or diagnosing delirium based on collateral history only.

Conclusion
Besides the CAM the 4AT has become well-established in acute care because of its good psychometric properties and practicability. There are several other instruments extending and improving the possibilities of delirium detection in different clinical settings.
“Are you safe to talk?”: Perspectives of Service Providers on Experiences of Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Leigh Jenny K. , Peña Lita Danielle , Anurudran Ashri , Pai Anant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to better understand the factors driving reported trends in domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the effect of the pandemic on survivors’ experiences of violence and ability to seek support. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 32 DV service providers operating in organizations across 24 U.S. cities. The majority of providers described a decrease in contact volume when shelter-in-place orders were first established, which they attributed to safety concerns, competing survival priorities, and miscommunication about what resources were available. For most organizations, this decrease was followed by an increase in contacts after the lifting of shelter-in-place orders, often surpassing typical contact counts from the pre-pandemic period. Providers identified survivors’ ability to return to some aspects of their pre-pandemic lives, increased stress levels, and increased lethality of cases as key factors driving this increase. In addition, providers described several unique challenges faced by DV survivors during the pandemic, such as the use of the virus as an additional tool for control by abusers and an exacerbated lack of social support. These findings provide insight into the lived experiences driving observed trends in DV rates during COVID-19. Understanding the impact of the pandemic on survivors can help to shape public health and policy interventions to better support this vulnerable population during future crises.
Liebe, Sex und Anders-sein
Authors: Duttweiler Stefanie 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Gesprächspartnerin Sandra Schäfer ‚lebt‘ die theoretische Prämisse, „dass Kinder und Jugendliche ‚ihre‘ Erwachsenen ‚verwenden‘ können müssen, ohne befürchten zu müssen, dass die Erwachsenen ihren Verführungskünsten erliegen oder sich erschreckt abwenden“ (Winterhager-Schmid 2000, zitiert nach Dörr 2019, S. 135). Sie zeigt, wie sehr das Ent-Schamen auf Selbstreflexion, aber auch auf ein umsichtiges Begleiten Anderer angewesen ist: sei es die Jugendarbeiterin, die den Jugendlichen hilft, ihre Gefühle zu verstehen und einen produktiven Umgang damit zu finden, sei es der Praktikumsanleiter, der ohne Angst oder moralische Verurteilung den Prozess der Nähe-Distanz-Regulierung mit der Praktikantin diskutiert, oder sei es die (queere) Community von Gleichgesinnten, in der Scham obsolet und in der Offenheit möglich wird.
Tackling erosion-accumulation events in a moat sequence from a unique Ottoman memorial place (Szigetvár, SW Hungary) using 14C and geoarcheological data
Authors: Gulyás Sándor , Torma Andrea , Pap Norbert , Fodor Pál , Kitanics Máté , Gyenizse Péter , Molnár Mihály , Sümegi Pál 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne of the most influential rulers of the sixteenth century, Sultan Suleyman I, passed away and was buried temporarily near the fortress of Szigetvár in SW Hungary in 1566. Later, a memorial place was erected on the site in the second half of the sixteenth century. The complex was surrounded by a palisade system and a moat on its northern side. The site was fully destroyed in 1692, and the exact location vanished with time. Recent investigations of historical sources complemented by geophysical, archeological, and geoarcheological investigations managed to identify the location of the site, and probe corings revealed the moat system. This study presents the results of complex chronological, sedimentological, and geochemical investigations done on the sediments accumulated in the moat. Based on geoarcheological data, two major changes could have been noted in the nature of the deposit marking erosion and transportation of soil from the banks of the moat. Elevated concentrations of Fe and K, and high MS values mark the effects of fire on the deposit and accumulation of flue ash. A rise in heavy metals in these horizons is attributable to anthropogenic sources related to the destruction of the site. Chronological data comes from dateable artifacts reposited and 14C dates of charred cereal seeds. A Bayesian age model built using 14C ages constrained by written historical data on site use helped us to determine the age of moat construction and the referred erosion-accumulation events. The older event was dated around 1670, which is in line with historical records of the first siege of Szigetvár. The second event postdates 1684 and thus must correspond to the time of the site’s final siege and later destruction.
The Cyanotoxin 2,4-DAB Reduces Viability and Causes Behavioral and Molecular Dysfunctions Associated with Neurodegeneration in Larval Zebrafish
Authors: Martin Rubia M. , Bereman Michael S. , Marsden Kurt C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExposure to cyanotoxins has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s disease. While the cyanotoxin β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) has received much attention, cyanobacteria produce many cyanotoxic compounds, several of which have been detected in nature alongside BMAA, including 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (2,4-DAB) and N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine (AEG). Thus, the question of whether 2,4-DAB and AEG also cause neurotoxic effects in vivo is of great interest, as is the question of whether they interact to enhance toxicity. Here, we evaluate the toxic and neurotoxic effects of these cyanotoxins alone or in combination by measuring zebrafish larval viability and behavior after exposure. 2,4-DAB was the most potent cyanotoxin as it decreased larval viability by approximately 50% at 6 days post fertilization, while BMAA and AEG decreased viability by just 16% and 8%, respectively. Although we only observed minor neurotoxic effects on spontaneous locomotion, BMAA and AEG enhanced acoustic startle sensitivity, and they interacted in an additive manner to exert their effects. 2,4-DAB; however, only modulated startle kinematics, an indication of motor dysfunction. To investigate the mechanisms of 2,4-DAB’s effects, we analyzed the protein profile of larval zebrafish exposed to 500 µM 2,4-DAB at two time points and identified molecular signatures consistent with neurodegeneration, including disruption of metabolic pathways and downregulation of the ALS-associated genes SOD1 and UBQLN4. Together, our data demonstrate that BMAA and its isomers AEG and 2,4-DAB cause neurotoxic effects in vivo, with 2,4-DAB as the most potent of the three in the zebrafish model.