bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rancang Automatic Sprinkler Pada Tanaman Bawang Menggunakan Teknik PWM Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Sijabat Walfrido , Ishak Ishak , Murniyanti Sri 
Published: June 2022

Bawang merupakan tumbuhan penting bagi manusia, daun dan umbi bawang dimanfaatkan sebagai sayuran atau sebagai rempah-rempah itulah sebabnya tumbuhan bawang yang baik sangat diperlukan namun sangat banyak dijumpai gagal panen pada petani bawang karena masalah penyiraman yang kurang baik dan akurat apa lagi dimusim kemarau. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti mencoba membuat prototype aplikasi penyiraman automatic sprinkler pada tanaman bawang menggunakan sensor kelembaban tanah berbasis berbasis Arduino. Pengembangan sistem aplikasi menggunakan metode pulse width modulation (PWM) untuk mengatur kecepatan pompa penyiraman saat kondisi tanah kering, lembab dan basah. Prinsip kerja Prototipe ini secara sederhana adalah ketika kelembaban tanah mencapai ambang batas tertentu antara (476-1023) maka sistem akan bekerja dengan mengaktifkan sistem penyiraman 100%, jika antara (340-475) maka sistem akan bekerja mengaktifkan sistem penyiraman 75% dan jika antara (150-339) kelembaban tanah masih dianggap cukup untuk kebutuhan tanaman bawang. Pada sistem ini debit air diatur dengan cara memberi nilai duty cycle pada pompa air sesuai dengan kelembaban tanah yang terdeteksi. jika kelembaban tanah yang terdeteksi kering maka duty cycle pada pompa air adalah 100%. jika kelembabanÂ tanah yang terdeteksi sedang maka duty cycle pada pompa air adalah 75%. jika kelembaban tanah yang terdeteksi basah maka duty cycle pada pompa air adalah 0%.
Rancang Bangun Palang Otomatis Zebra Cross Menggunakan Metode Pulse Width Modulation Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Dwi , Sitorus Pane Usti Fatimah Sari , Suherdi Devri 
Published: June 2022

Zebra cross adalah bagian penting di jalan raya terutama di area lampu lalu lintas tak lepas dari pantauan terutama bagi masyarakan yang akan menyebrang. Terutama di area Zebra Cross bagi pejalan kaki juga sering digunakan oleh pengguna kendaran. Hal ini juga menjadi masalah bagi pejalan kaki, sehingga terkadang pejalan kaki, berjalan tidak sesuai aturan. Selain sistem lampu merah yang sering tidak berfungsi dengan baik membuat pejalan kaki yang akan menyebrang menjadi sulit karena takut tertabrak oleh pengguna kendaraan yang sedang melintas. Fasilitas penyeberangan bagi pejalan kaki dapat disediakan secara bertahap sesuai dengan tingkat kebutuhan.Â Yang menjadi pertimbangan adalah interaksi dari pejalan kaki dan arus lalu lintas atau kendaraan. Dengan adanya faktor tersebut maka diperlukan penghalang di lampu merah untuk menghindari pengendara motor yang berusaha menerobos jalan. PWM merupakan salah satu teknik yang â€œampuhâ€ yang digunakan dalam sistem kendali saat ini. Pengaturan lebar modulasi dipergunakan diberbagai bidang yang sangat luas, salah satu diantaranya adalah: speed control, power control, measurement and communication. Dengan adanya system ini, palang bergerak menutup kearah 105Â° setelah lampu berubah jadi merah dan apabila mendeteksi objek yaitu manusia palang juga menutup kearah 105Â° dan buzzer berbunyi memberikan tanda sehingga kendaraan tidak bisa menerobos dan penyeberang jalan merasa aman.
Effect of chelated calcium and iron foliar spraying on growth and flowering of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.)
Authors: Abdulhadi Mohammed D. , Saeed Abdul Kareem A. J. Mohammad , Haraz Mohammed Taha 
Published: June 2022

The experiment was carried out in the lath house at the Horticulture and Landscaping Department/College of Agriculture/University of Diyala, during the season 2015-2016 to study the effect of chelated calcium and iron foliar spray on growth and flowering of snapdragon plant (Antirrhinum majus L.). The experiment included six treatments: T1 = 0 (Spraying with distilled water only), T2 = 1.5 g.l-1 chelated calcium, T3 = 3 g.l-1 chelated calcium, T4 = 1 g.l-1 chelated iron, T5 = 1.5 g.l-1 chelated calcium + 1 g.l-1 chelated iron and T6 = 3 g.l-1 chelated calcium + 1 g.l-1 chelated iron. The experiment was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. (Each treatment has six replicates (6 pots), one plant in each pot. The results showed that all the foliar spraying treatments with chelated calcium and iron led to a significant increase in all vegetative and floral growth characteristics studied except for inflorescence diameter in comparison with control treatment.
Methanol root extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe, an aphrodisiac influences Morphology of sperm cells in male Wistar Rats
Authors: Ojatula Adekunle 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
T

The production and classification of sperm shape abnormalities in laboratory animals through administration of chemical agents, be it natural or synthetic, has in recent years developed into a very reliable, species and drug specific method of assay for testing the mutagenicity of phytotherapeutic agent. In this research, observed numbers, percentage and types of dysmorphisms induced by the oral administration of Pausinystalia yohimbe methanol root extract in varying doses in male wistar rats were investigated. Forty five rats were randomly divided into five groups of nine rats each. Rats in group I (control) were administered 1 mL/kg distilled water, group II received 5 mg/kg body weight sildenafil citrate, while those in groups III, IV, and V were given 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively for 14 days after which they were sacrificed and sperm cells were analysed for possible morphological abnormalities. In this study, oral administration of the extract has significant (p < 0.05) effect on the morphology of sperm cells, with sperm normalities decreases, while abnormalities increases when compared with the control groups. However, the abnormalities decreased dose dependently with slightly increase in normalities. The abnormal morphology ranged from double heads, tailless sperm, headless sperm, double tails, short sperm and bent tail in both extract and sildenafil citrate administered animals. The tailless sperm morphological changes had the highest rate of occurrence. The observation confirmed that mutagenicity of chemical agents, be it natural or synthetic, could be tested and compared using the sperm head-shape abnormality assay method, thereby predicting simple to complex dysmorphisms.
No Difference in Perioperative Complications for Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Staged at 1 Week Compared With Delayed Staging
Authors: Johnson Mitchell A. , Barchick Stephen R. , Kerbel Yehuda E. , DeAngelis Ryan D. , Velasco Brian , Nelson Charles L. , Israelite Craig L. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Controversy exists regarding the safety of simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) versus two TKA procedures staged months apart in patients with bilateral knee arthritis. Here, we investigated a third option: bilateral TKA staged 1 week apart. In this study, we examined the rate of complications in patients undergoing bilateral TKA staged at 1 week compared with longer time intervals.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 351 consecutive patients undergoing bilateral TKA at our institution was conducted. Patients underwent a 1-week staged bilateral procedure with planned interim transfer to a subacute rehabilitation facility (short-staged) or two separate unilateral TKA procedures within 1 year (long-staged). Binary logistic regression was used to compare outcomes while controlling for year of surgery, patient age, body mass index, and Charlson Comorbidity Index.

Results:
Two hundred four short-staged and 147 long-staged bilateral TKA patients were included. The average interval between procedures in long-staged patients was 200.9 ± 95.9 days. Patients undergoing short-staged TKA had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (3.0 ± 1.5 versus 2.6 ± 1.5, P = 0.017) with no difference in preoperative hemoglobin (P = 0.285) or body mass index (P = 0.486). Regression analysis demonstrated that short-staged patients had a higher likelihood of requiring a blood transfusion (odds ratio 4.015, P = 0.005) but were less likely to return to the emergency department within 90 days (odds ratio 0.247, P = 0.001). No difference was observed in short-term complications (P = 0.100), 90-day readmissions (P = 0.250), or 1-year complications (P = 0.418) between the groups.

Conclusion:
Bilateral TKA staged at a 1-week interval is safe with a comparable complication rate with delayed staged TKA, but allows for a faster total recovery time.

Level of evidence:
Level III
Shari'a Supervisory Legislation on Islamic Banks in Jordan: Reality and Hope
Authors: Badarin Abdalla 
Published: June 2022

This study reviews and evaluates the banking legislation regarding Shari’ah supervision of Islamic banks in Jordan to determine the positive and negative aspects and to suggest proposals to improve its level. The study found a number of positive aspects to the legislation; however, it suffers from the following: not paying sufficient attention to diversity in the members' academic qualifications, failing to clarify the mechanism of the Shari’ah board’s work at various stages, shortcoming in the requirements for realizing its independence, not determining the maximum number of memberships of a member in other financial institutions’ boards, not specifying the relationship between the Shari’ah supervisory board and the internal Shari’ah audit, not dealing with inadequate Shari’ah supervisory board performance of duties and how to treat the possible effects of that inadequacy. The study recommended granting national institutions such as the central bank or General Iftaa' Department the powers of appointment and dismissal, determining the remuneration of members, requiring members to fully devote themselves to this function, placing a limit on the number of boards that any person can be member of at the same time, and placing the internal Shari’ah audit under the supervision of the Shari’ah supervisory board.
DERİ SANAYİ İŞLETMELERİNDE ÜRETİM ORGANİZASYON ŞEMASI VE MALİYET MUHASEBESİ
Authors: ATAY Mehmet Serdar 
Published: June 2022

Küreselleşmenin etkisiyle her geçen gün teknolojiyle iç içe olduğumuz günümüzde, işletmeler de bu teknolojik gelişmelere uyum sağlamış, dolayısıyla bu uyumdan deri işletmeleri de nasibini almıştır. Türk Deri Sanayii dışa açılma girişiminde başarılı sonuçlar alan sektörlerden birisi olmuş; deri ürünleri ise, tabaklama ve deri işlemeye, deri giyime, hatta kürklere kadar geniş bir alanda faaliyetlerini sürdürmüş ve çalışmamızın temel konusunu oluşturmuştur.
Çalışmada, geniş alanda faaliyetini sürdüren deri sanayi sektöründe maliyet sisteminin kurulması amaçlanmış; bu amaçla çalışmanın ilk kısmında Türkiye’deki deri sanayi sektörünün gelişimine, ithalat ve ihracat rakamlarına değinilmiş; ikinci kısımda, maliyet muhasebesi hakkında kavramsal bilgiler verilmiş; son kısımda ise deri sanayi işletmelerinin maliyet muhasebesi sisteminin oluşum şekli açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
A study for the Assessment of Nutritional Deficiency Status of the School Going Girls
Authors: Archana Singh  , Rashmi Sharma  
Published: June 2022

Nutrient deficiencies are prevalent worldwide. Nutritional status refers to a person's overall health, which is impacted by nutrient intake and use in the body. Children between the ages of 6 and 12 are commonly regarded to be of school age, and this might be a second chance to make up on growth. Children's nutritional condition reflects not only the family's financial position and community's social well-being but also the health-care system's productivity and the effect on the surroundings. The present study reveals that the school going girls are suffering from different nutritional deficiencies like- anaemia, underweight, overweight, obesity, stunting, iodine deficiency etc. These deficiencies are emerging health problems and become the major epidemic cause of serious health problems in India. Children's diets in India, like those in many other wealthy nations, are often imbalanced, with an overabundance of calories and protein and insufficient amounts of numerous minerals and vitamins.
Single Phase Second Order Sliding Mode Controller for Mismatched Uncertain Systems with Extended Disturbances and Unknown Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Nguyen Trang Cong , Hien Chiem Trong , Phan Duc Van 
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a novel single phase second order sliding mode controller (SPSOSMC) is proposed for the mismatched uncertain systems with extended disturbances and unknown time-varying delays. The main achievements of this study consist of three tasks: 1) a reaching phase in conventional sliding mode control (CSMC) technique is removed to ensure the global stability of the system; 2) an inﬂuence of the undesired high-frequency oscillation phenomenon in control input is vanished; 3) an exogenous perturbation is generally extended to the k-order disturbance of state variable. Firstly, a single phase switching manifold function is defined to eliminate the reaching phase in CSMC. Secondly, an unmeasurable state variable is estimated by using the proposed reduced-order sliding mode observer (ROSMO) tool. Next, a SPSOSMC is built based on the help of ROSMO tool and output information only. Then, a sufficient condition is established by employing the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique and Lyapunov function theory such that the resulting sliding mode dynamics is asymptotically stable. Finally, a numerical example is simulated via the well-known MATLAB software to validate the eﬀectiveness of the proposed technique.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Impact of COVID-19 on animal health care services, coping practices and associated financial loss to livestock farmers in Karnataka
Authors: G GOVINDARAJ , HM Swamy , MB Shanabhoga , GS Naveenkumar , M Nagalingam , B Mahantheshwara , V Balamurugan , Shome Bibek , Habibur Rahman 
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a serious impact on the human health and livestock sector. This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 associated lockdowns on animal health services delivery including vaccination, coping practices and financial loss to livestock farmers in Karnataka. A cross-sectional survey among 170 livestock farmers and 24 field veterinarians working in the study jurisdiction were interviewed using a structured schedule questionnaire. A significant decline in the number of hospital cases attended by veterinarians with a major decline in pets (54.9%) followed by goats (35.3%) and sheep (29%) was observed during lockdown. The contact of veterinarian for advices by the farmers through WhatsApp and phone calls increased and Â farmers visit to veterinary hospitals decreased considerably. The applications for welfare schemes that supports livestock farmers were not processed during lockdown. The vaccine administration against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), Enterotoxaemia (ET) and Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS) per veterinarian declined in sheep and goats whereas, targeted vaccination against FMD in cattle was achieved. During lockdown, increased mortality of small (75.2%) and large ruminants (14.3%) with a overall increase of 84.8% in the financial loss (112$ per farm) was observed. The COVID-19 and associated lockdown affected the livestock farmers in multiple dimensions. Hence, to cope with the lockdown effects, it is recommended to engage trained personals and Non- Governmental Organisation (NGOâ€™s) associated with animal welfare services to provide uninterrupted veterinary services to the farmers.
Seemanchali sheep : An untapped germplasm in Eastern region of Bihar
Authors: CHANDRAN P C , KAMAL REENA , DEY A , KUMARI RAJNI , KUMAR PANKAJ 
Published: June 2022

Seemanchali sheep, an unique and distinct germplasm, is distributed in Supaul, Araria and Purnea districts of Seemanchal region of Bihar. The coat colour of sheep was dark brown with patches of white markings throughout the body. The body of the sheep, except the ventral surface, was covered with coarse wool, which is being sheared on regular interval. An average flock size was 36.5 with the range from 22 to 58. The estimated population size of Seemanchali sheep in the breeding tract was 20,000. The height at withers, body length and chest girth of Seemanchali sheep at 3 months of age were 50.34Â±0.25 cm, 48.22Â±0.31 cm and 55.46Â±0.28 cm; and 50.15Â±0.25 cm, 47.53Â±0.30 cm and 54.87Â±0.28 cm, respectively for male and female lambs. The same biometrical measurements at 12 months of age increased to 67.16Â±0.45 cm, 63.64Â±0.46 cm and 71.96Â±0.46 cm; and 63.16Â±0.22 cm, 60.44Â±0.23 cm and 64.19Â±0.23 cm, respectively for male and female lambs. Body weights of the lambs at 3 and 12 months of ages were 9.58Â±0.28 kg and 28.13Â±0.38 kg for ram lambs and 8.95Â±0.15 kg and 24.86Â±0.23 kg for ewe lambs, respectively. The age at 1st mating, age at 1st lambing and lambing intervals of Seemanchali sheep were found to be 14.6 months, 19.3 months and 11.2 months, respectively. Lambing percentage studied across the breeding tract was observed as 72.5. Large farmers possessing more than 100 Seemanchali sheep generated more than 90 per cent of their household income through Seemanchali sheep. Strategies to enhance the productivity of Seemanchali sheep vis-Ã -vis livelihood status of sheep farmers have been discussed.
Features of the relationship between intuition and personality intelligence
Authors: Novikova Kseniya Vladimirovna , Belyak Yana Valentinovna 
Published: June 2022

The subject of this study is to identify the features of the relationship of intuition with the intelligence of the individual. The object of the study is the intuition and intelligence of the individual. In the article, the authors present the results of an empirical study that proofs the existence of the relationship of intuition with verbal, social, and emotional intelligence of a person. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the provisions on intuition and intelligence of the personality of such authors as: F. Bartlett, Ya.A. Ponomarev, V.D. Biryukov, Ya.A. Ponomarev, N.O. Lossky, B.G. Ananyev, I.Y. Kulagina, etc. The research methods are: 1.	Theoretical: analysis of scientific literature, analysis and generalization of empirical data, formulation of conclusions. 2.	Empirical: questionnaires, testing: G. Eisenck's verbal intelligence test; Guilford's "Social Intelligence" test; D. Goleman's emotional intelligence definition test; E. Epstein's intuitive style questionnaire 3.	Interpretative: quantitative, qualitative and statistical analysis of empirical data. The theoretical significance and scientific novelty of the study consists in the systematization of theoretical provisions on the problem of the study of intuition and personality intelligence; the discovery of the features of the relationship of intuition with various types of personality intelligence; the identification of the influence of various types of intelligence on the manifestation of personality intuition. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results and conclusions of the study can be used by psychologists in professional activities with a wide range of clients. The main conclusions of the scientific research are the discovery of statistically significant correlations of various types of intelligence (verbal, social and emotional) with intuitive abilities and the level of development of personal intuition.
Covid Governance: A Transition from Democracy to Bureaucracy
Authors: Andersen Sigríður 
Published: June 2022

Although a general lockdown was never implemented in Iceland during the pandemic of SARS-COV-2 some lenient versions of lockdowns were put in place. Restrictions on gatherings, restrictions on businesses, testing and house arrests of people entering Iceland and prohibition of entry into Iceland of citizens of non-EEA/EFTA countries were among the measures put into effect by the authorities. These measures were never debated in parliament. Instead, they were stipulated in regulations issued by the respective government ministers, referring to legislation in force, mainly the very general broad terms of the Act on Health Security and Communicable Diseases.
Almost one year into the period of these restrictive measures the parliament approved amendments to the Act on Health Security and Communicable Diseases, addressing some of the main restrictive measures that had been in force for many months and defining concepts that had become key ingredients in the numerous decrees of the executive branch.
In one incident a court has ruled unlawful a regulation of the Minister of Health that ordered a forced confinement of travellers in a special facility by the State and demanded their immediate release. Other measures stipulated in regulations of the executive branch are not beyond reproach.
Electromyographic analysis of the serratus anterior and upper trapezius in closed kinetic chain exercises performed on different unstable support surfaces: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mendez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Orozco-Chavez Ignacio , Morales-Verdugo Juan , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Cools Ann M.J. 
Published: June 2022

Background
Multiple investigations have compared the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the scapular muscles between stable and unstable support surfaces during the execution of closed kinetic chain exercises. However, these comparative analyses have grouped different unstable surfaces (wobble board, BOSU, therapeutic ball, and suspension equipment) into a single data pool, without considering the possible differences in neuromuscular demand induced by each unstable support surface. This study aimed to analyze the individual effect of different unstable support surfaces compared to a stable support surface on scapular muscles EMG activity during the execution of closed kinetic chain exercises.

Methodology
A literature search was conducted of the Pubmed Central, ScienceDirect and SPORTDiscus databases. Studies which investigated scapular muscles EMG during push-ups and compared at least two support surfaces were included. The risk of bias of included articles was assessed using a standardized quality assessment form for descriptive, observational and EMG studies, and the certainty of the evidence was measured with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES, Hedge’s g).

Results
Thirty studies were selected in the systematic review. Of these, twenty-three low-to-high quality studies (498 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The main analyzes revealed, in decreasing order, greater UT EMG activity during push-ups performed on suspension equipment (ES = 2.92; p = 0.004), therapeutic ball (ES = 1.03; p < 0.001) and wobble board (ES = 0.33; p = 0.003); without effect on the BOSU ball. In addition, no effect was observed for SA on any unstable device. The certainty of the evidence ranged from low to very low due to the inclusion of descriptive studies, as well as high imprecision, inconsistency, and risk of publication bias.

Conclusion
These findings could be applied in scapular muscles strengthening in healthy individuals. The use of suspension equipment achieves higher UT activation levels. Conversely, the use of any type of unstable devices to increase the activation levels of the SA in shoulder musculoskeletal dysfunctions is not recommended. These conclusions should be interpreted with caution as the available evidence showed a low to very low certainty of evidence, downgraded mostly by inconsistency and imprecision.