bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of post-COVID-19 in patients with fibromyalgia: a comparative study with other inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: Rivera Javier , Rodríguez Tamara , Pallarés Marta , Castrejón Isabel , González Teresa , Vallejo-Slocker Laura , Molina-Collada Juan , Montero Fernando , Arias Anna , Vallejo Miguel A. , Alvaro-Gracia Jose M. , Collado Antonio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To determine the prevalence and characteristics of post-COVID-19 (PC) in fibromyalgia (FM) patients.

Methods
Retrospective, multi-centric, observational study, comparing a group of FM patients (FM group) with another group of patients with other rheumatic diseases (RD group). COVID-19 diagnosis was established by positive polymerase chain reaction or antigen during acute infection or by positive antibodies thereafter. We considered PC diagnosis when symptoms remain after COVID-19. We collected the principal characteristics of COVID-19, the severity of fatigue, waking unrefreshed and cognitive impairment, and persistent symptoms. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and the Combined Index of Severity in Fibromyalgia (ICAF) were collected in the FM group.

Results
RD group (n = 56) had more pneumonia (p = 0.001) and hospital admissions (p = 0.002), but the FM group (n = 78) had a higher number of symptoms (p = 0.002). The percentage of patients with PC was similar between groups (FM group 79.5%; RD group 66.1%, p = 0.081). FM group had more PC symptoms (p = 0.001), more impairment after COVID-19 (p = 0.002) and higher severity of fatigue, waking unrefreshed and cognitive impairment (p <  0.0001). Only loss of smell was more frequent in the FM group (p = 0.005). The FM group with PC (n = 29) showed more severity of the Combined Index of Severity in Fibromyalgia (ICAF) total score and physical factor after COVID-19, while emotional, coping factors and the ACR criteria did not change.

Conclusions
The prevalence of PC in FM patients is similar to RD patients. In FM patients, the presence of PC does not appear to impact the severity of FM.
Risk factors of fracture following curettage for bone giant cell tumors of the extremities
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Akahane Manabu , Honoki Kanya , Kido Akira , Tanaka Yasuhito , Donati Davide Maria , Errani Costantino 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Following curettage of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), it is common to fill the cavity with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, bone allograft, or artificial bone to maintain bone strength; however, there is a 2–14% risk of postoperative fractures. We conducted this retrospective study to clarify the risk factors for fractures after curettage for GCTB of the extremities.

Methods
This study included 284 patients with GCTBs of the extremities who underwent curettage at our institutions between 1980 and 2018 after excluding patients whose cavities were not filled with anything or who had additional plate fixation. The tumor cavity was filled with PMMA bone cement alone (n = 124), PMMA bone cement and bone allograft (n = 81), bone allograft alone (n = 63), or hydroxyapatite graft alone (n = 16).

Results
Fractures after curettage occurred in 10 (3.5%) patients, and the median time from the curettage to fracture was 3.5 months (interquartile range [IQR], 1.8–8.3 months). The median postoperative follow-up period was 86.5 months (IQR, 50.3–118.8 months). On univariate analysis, patients who had GCTB of the proximal or distal femur (1-year fracture-free survival, 92.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.8–96.2) presented a higher risk for postoperative fracture than those who had GCTB at another site (100%; p = 0.0005). Patients with a pathological fracture at presentation (1-year fracture-free survival, 88.2%; 95% CI: 63.2–97.0) presented a higher risk for postoperative fracture than those without a pathological fracture at presentation (97.8%; 95% CI: 95.1–99.0; p = 0.048). Patients who received bone grafting (1-year fracture-free survival, 99.4%; 95% CI: 95.7–99.9) had a lower risk of postoperative fracture than those who did not receive bone grafting (94.4%; 95% CI: 88.7–97.3; p = 0.003).

Conclusions
For GCTBs of the femur, especially those with pathological fracture at presentation, bone grafting after curettage is recommended to reduce the risk of postoperative fracture. Additional plate fixation should be considered when curettage and cement filling without bone grafting are performed in patients with GCTB of the femur. This should be specially performed for those patients with a pathological fracture at presentation.
Nanoliposomes containing limonene and limonene-rich essential oils as novel larvicides against malaria and filariasis mosquito vectors
Authors: Sanei-Dehkordi Alireza , Moemenbellah-Fard Mohammad Djaefar , Saffari Mostafa , Zarenezhad Elham , Osanloo Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and encephalitis are still the cause of several hundred thousand deaths annually. The excessive use of chemical insecticides for transmission control has led to environmental pollution and widespread resistance in mosquitoes. Botanical insecticides' efficacies improvement has thus received considerable attention recently.

Methods
The larvicidal effects of three essential oils from the Citrus family and limonene (their major ingredient) were first investigated against malaria and filariasis mosquito vectors. An attempt was then made to improve their efficacies by preparing nanoliposomes containing each of them.

Results
The larvicidal effect of nanoformulated forms was more effective than non-formulated states. Nanoliposomes containing Citrus aurantium essential oil with a particle size of 52 ± 4 nm showed the best larvicidal activity (LC50 and LC90 values) against Anopheles stephensi (6.63 and 12.29 µg/mL) and Culex quinquefasciatus (4.9 and 16.4 µg/mL).

Conclusion
Due to the green constituents and high efficacy of nanoliposomes containing C. aurantium essential oil, it could be considered for further investigation against other mosquitoes’ populations and field trials.
Is YouTube a reliable source of health-related information? A systematic review
Authors: Osman Wael , Mohamed Fatma , Elhassan Mohamed , Shoufan Abdulhadi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
YouTube is a valuable source of health-related educational material which can have a profound impact on people’s behaviors and decisions. However, YouTube contains a wide variety of unverified content that may promote unhealthy behaviors and activities. We aim in this systematic review to provide insight into the published literature concerning the quality of health information and educational videos found on YouTube.

Methods
We searched Google Scholar, Medline (through PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, Direct Science, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases to find all papers on the analysis of medical and health-related content published in English up to August 2020. Based on eligibility criteria, 202 papers were included in our study. We reviewed every article and extracted relevant data such as the number of videos and assessors, the number and type of quality categories, and the recommendations made by the authors. The extracted data from the papers were aggregated using different methods to compile the results.

Results
The total number of videos assessed in the selected articles is 22,300 (median = 94, interquartile range = 50.5–133). The videos were evaluated by one or multiple assessors (median = 2, interquartile range = 1–3). The video quality was assessed by scoring, categorization, or based on creators’ bias. Researchers commonly employed scoring systems that are either standardized (e.g., GQS, DISCERN, and JAMA) or based upon the guidelines and recommendations of professional associations. Results from the aggregation of scoring or categorization data indicate that health-related content on YouTube is of average to below-average quality. The compiled results from bias-based classification show that only 32% of the videos appear neutral toward the health content. Furthermore, the majority of the studies confirmed either negative or no correlation between the quality and popularity of the assessed videos.

Conclusions
YouTube is not a reliable source of medical and health-related information. YouTube’s popularity-driven metrics such as the number of views and likes should not be considered quality indicators. YouTube should improve its ranking and recommender system to promote higher-quality content. One way is to consider expert reviews of medical and health-related videos and to include their assessment data in the ranking algorithm.
Design principles, manufacturing and evaluation techniques of custom dynamic ankle‐foot orthoses: a review study
Authors: Rogati Giulia , Caravaggi Paolo , Leardini Alberto 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnkle‐Foot Orthoses (AFO) can be prescribed to allow drop‐foot patients to restore a quasi‐normal gait pattern. Standard off‐the‐shelf AFOs are cost‐effective solutions to treat most patients with foot and ankle weakness, but these devices have several limitations, especially in terms of comfort. Therefore, custom AFOs are increasingly adopted to address drop‐foot when standard solutions are not adequate. While the solid ones are the most common type of AFO, providing full stability and strong resistance to ankle plantarflexion, passive dynamic AFOs (PD‐AFOs) represent the ideal solution for patients with less severe ankle weakness. PD‐AFOs have a flexible calf shell, which can bend during the stance phase of walking and absorb energy that can be released to support the limb in the push‐off phase. The aim of this review is to assess the state‐of‐the‐art and identify the current limitations of PD‐AFOs. An extensive literature review was performed in Google Scholar to identify all studies on custom PD‐AFOs. Only those papers reporting on custom PD‐AFOs were included in the review. Non peer‐reviewed papers, abstract shorter than three pages, lecture notes and thesis dissertations were excluded from the analysis. Particular attention was given to the customization principles and the mechanical and functional tests. For each topic, the main results from all relevant papers are reported and summarized herein. There were 75 papers that corresponded to the search criteria. These were grouped according to the following macro‐topics: 16 focusing on scanning technologies and geometry acquisition; 14 on customization criteria; 19 on production techniques; 16 on mechanical testing, and 33 on functional testing. According to the present review, design and production of custom PD‐AFOs are becoming increasingly feasible due to advancements in 3D scanning techniques and additive manufacturing. In general, custom PD‐AFOs were shown to provide better comfort and improved spatio‐temporal parameters with respect to standard solutions. However, no customization principle to adapt PD‐AFO stiffness to the patient's degree of ankle impairment or mechanical/functional demand has thus far been proposed.
Intron retention coupled with nonsense-mediated decay is involved in cellulase biosynthesis in cellulolytic fungi
Authors: Gao Yichen , Pang Ai-Ping , Ma Leyao , Wang Haiyan , Durrani Samran , Li Bingzhi , Wu Fu-Gen , Lin Fengming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Knowledge on regulatory networks associated with cellulase biosynthesis is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory systems in enhancing cellulase production with low cost. The biological functions of intron retention (IR) and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in filamentous fungi is lack of study, let alone their roles in cellulase biosynthesis.

Results
We found that major cellulase genes (cel7a, cel7b, and cel3a) exhibited concomitant decrease in IR rates and increase in their gene expression in T. reesei under cellulase-producing condition (cellulose and lactose) that was accompanied with a more active NMD pathway, as compared to cellulase non-producing condition (glucose). In the presence of the NMD pathway inhibitor that successfully repressed the NMD pathway, the mRNA levels of cellulase genes were sharply down-regulated, but the rates of IR in these genes were significantly up-regulated. Consistently, the cellulase activities were severely inhibited. In addition, the NMD pathway inhibitor caused the downregulated mRNA levels of two important genes of the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway, trfkbp12 and trTOR1. The absence of gene trfkbp12 made the cellulase production in T. reesei more sensitive to the NMD pathway inhibitor.

Conclusions
All these findings suggest that the IR of cellulase genes regulates their own gene expression by coupling with the NMD pathway, which might involve the TOR pathway. Our results provide better understanding on intron retention, the NMD pathway, and cellulase production mechanism in filamentous fungi.
Trinity review: integrating Registered Reports with research ethics and funding reviews
Authors: Mori Yuki , Takashima Kaito , Ueda Kohei , Sasaki Kyoshiro , Yamada Yuki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne major source of exhaustion for researchers is the redundant paperwork of three different documents—research papers, ethics review applications, and research grant applications—for the same research plan. This is a wasteful and redundant process for researchers, and it has a more direct impact on the career development of early-career researchers. Here, we propose a trinity review system based on Registered Reports that integrates scientific, ethics, and research funding reviews. In our proposed trinity review system, scientific and ethics reviews are undertaken concurrently for a research protocol before running the study. After the protocol is approved in principle through these review processes, a funding review will take place, and the researchers will begin their research. Following the experiments or surveys, the scientific review will be conducted on a completed version of the paper again, including the results and discussions (i.e., the full paper), and the full paper will be published once it has passed the second review. This paper provides the brief process of the trinity review system and discusses the need for and benefits of the proposed system. Although the trinity review system only applies to a few appropriate disciplines, it helps improve reproducibility and integrity.
Genomic supremacy: the harm of conflating genetic ancestry and race
Authors: Cerdeña Jessica P. , Grubbs Vanessa , Non Amy L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have reignited the tinderbox of debate surrounding the use of race and ancestry in medicine. These controversial studies have argued for a strong correlation between genetic ancestry and race, justifying continued use of genetic ancestry measures in studies of disease. These studies contend that increased use of continental ancestry estimates can inform clinical risk assessments and management. Further, recent studies of racial corrections used in clinical algorithms, such as those used to estimate 'normal' lung function, also advocate for use of genetic ancestry in place of race for refining risk algorithms.

Main body
These positions are misleading, harmful, and reflect superficial interpretations of population genetics. In this Perspective, we argue that continental genetic ancestry, often proxied by race, serves as a poor indicator of disease risk, and reinforces racialized inequities.

Conclusion
Instead, we endorse that racial disparities in disease should be investigated by rigorous measures of structural racism alongside careful measures of genetic factors in relevant disease pathways, rather than relying on genetic ancestry or race as a crude proxy for disease-causing alleles.
Concept development of an on-chip PET system
Authors: Clement Christoph , Birindelli Gabriele , Pizzichemi Marco , Pagano Fiammetta , Kruithof-De Julio Marianna , Ziegler Sibylle , Rominger Axel , Auffray Etiennette , Shi Kuangyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundOrgans-on-Chips (OOCs), microdevices mimicking in vivo organs, find growing applications in disease modeling and drug discovery. With the increasing number of uses comes a strong demand for imaging capabilities of OOCs as monitoring physiologic processes within OOCs is vital for the continuous improvement of this technology. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) would be ideal for OOC imaging, however, current PET systems are insufficient for this task due to their inadequate spatial resolution. In this work, we propose the concept of an On-Chip PET system capable of imaging OOCs and optimize its design using a Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS).Material and methodsThe proposed system consists of four detectors arranged around the OOC device. Each detector is made of two monolithic LYSO crystals and covered with Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) on multiple surfaces. We use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained with data from a MCS to predict the first gamma-ray interaction position inside the detector from the light patterns that are recorded by the SiPMs on the detector’s surfaces.ResultsThe CNN achieves a mean average prediction error of 0.80 mm in the best configuration. The proposed system achieves a sensitivity of 34.81% for 13 mm thick crystals and does not show a prediction degradation near the boundaries of the detector. We use the trained network to reconstruct an image of a grid of 21 point sources spread across the field-of-view and obtain a mean spatial resolution of 0.55 mm. We show that 25,000 Line of Responses (LORs) are needed to reconstruct a realistic OOC phantom with adequate image quality.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a spatial resolution of almost 0.5 mm in a PET system made of multiple monolithic LYSO crystals by directly predicting the scintillation position from light patterns created with SiPMs. We observe that a thinner crystal performs better than a thicker one, that increasing the SiPM size from 3 mm to 6 mm only slightly decreases the prediction performance, and that certain surfaces encode significantly more information for the scintillation-point prediction than others.
Snacking pattern of college students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shatwan Israa M. , Aljefree Najlaa M. , Almoraie Noha M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Although unhealthy snack foods are commonly consumed by college students, snacking patterns among college students have not been comprehensively examined in Saudi Arabia. In our study, we aimed to investigate snacking patterns among Saudi college students and to assess sociodemographic data that affect adherence to these snacking patterns.

Methods
Between January 2021 and March 2021 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, an online survey was conducted with 662 college students from a Saudi university. The survey included sociodemographic questions and a short food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) regarding the consumption of common snack foods. Snacking patterns were generated from the FFQ using the factor analysis method.

Results
Factor analyses generated seven snacking patterns, which explained 64.5% of the variance in snacking. Students in their early academic years (1–3 years) had a higher score for the convenience snack and fast-food pattern (0.22 ± 0.48 and 0.31 ± 0.52, respectively) than senior students (4–6 years) (P = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Healthy snacks patterns were higher among students at higher income levels (P = 0.006) and active students (P < 0.001) than among students at low- or mid-income levels and inactive students. Higher adherence to the beverages pattern was observed among male students (P = 0.03), active students (P = 0.01), and students with obesity than their counterparts (P = 0.02). The dairy products pattern was higher among male students (P = 0.04), students at higher income levels (P = 0.04), and students with obesity (P = 0.03) than their counterparts.

Conclusions
Most snacking patterns identified among the study participants were considered unhealthy. Adherence to healthy snacks is influenced by physical activity and family income. These findings may be helpful in the future for developing adequate nutrition education programs that promote health by adhering to healthy snack choices in this critical age group. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to investigate snacking patterns among other age groups in Saudi Arabia.
Digital patient-reported outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease routine clinical practice: the clinician perspective
Authors: Nielsen Amalie Søgaard , Appel Charlotte W. , Larsen Birgit Furstrand , Hanna Lisa , Kayser Lars 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Use of digital health services, such as digital patient-reported outcomes, depends on many different human factors as well as digital design solutions. One factor is clinicians’ attitude towards the system, their reasoning behind the using system and their perceptions of patients’ ability to engage with digital health systems. This study aimed to explore hospital clinicians’ attitudes towards digital patient-reported outcomes used in the routine care and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and to explore the potential role of clinicians’ attitudes in influencing patients’ use of digital patient-reported outcomes.

Results
Twelve clinicians using digital patient-reported outcome assessments in the care of inflammatory bowel disease were interviewed about their experiences of, and perspectives on, using this service. Most participants supported the use of digital patient-reported outcome assessments in the care of most patients. Participants reported that most patients found the digital solution easy to use. They perceived digital patient-reported outcomes to have three main purposes: prioritising resources; improving patients’ quality of life; and improving quality of care. The patient-clinician relationship was of great importance to participants. Participants varied in their intention to use digital PRO, as some viewed the system as a positive but optional add-on for patients, whilst others intended to use the system with all eligible patients.

Conclusion
Clinicians’ general support of using digital patient-reported outcomes might facilitate their use among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The participants saw benefits in doing so for patients, clinicians and the wider health service. Clinicians’ attitudes towards the use of digital PRO in the care of their patients may influence patients’ uptake of health service.
Impact of reticulin stain in clinical outcome of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): a pathologist perspective
Authors: Kanda Rafael Guimarães , Niero-Melo Lígia , Domingues Maria Aparecida Custódio , Oliveira Cristiano Claudino 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated histopathological characteristics of bone marrow (BM) of patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and sought to find possible associations among them and clinical aspects.

Method
A retrospective study was carried out with 120 patients using BM clot and BM biopsy samples, including morphological (cytological and histological) re-evaluation, reticulin and hemosiderin analysis, and clinical outcome review of medical records. Immunohistochemistry (CD34 and CD117) was applied in a group of patients with increased reticulin, with the objective of exclusion Myelodysplastic syndrome cases

Results
Megakaryocytic hyperplasia was observed in 109 (90.8%) patients and increased reticulin was diagnosed in nine patients, five of them with a clinically unfavorable outcome (p = 0.042). The increase in reticulin graduation was associated with a higher risk of an unfavorable outcome.

Conclusion
Increased reticulin degree in BM of patients with ITP is associated with an unfavorable outcome in this study. It is rarely explored in the literature and may provide information that contributes to understanding the patient's outcomes.