bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of strain by feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bourfiss M , Prakken N H J , James C A , Planken R N , Boekholdt S M , Ahmetagic D , van den Berg M P , Tichnell C , Van der Heijden J F , Loh P , Murray B , Tandri H , Kamel I , Calkins H , Asselbergs F W , Zimmerman S L , Velthuis B K , Te Riele A S J M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Aims
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is characterized by ventricular dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Adequate arrhythmic risk assessment is important to prevent sudden cardiac death. We aimed to study the incremental value of strain by feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (FT-CMR) in predicting sustained VA in ARVC patients.

Methods and results
CMR images of 132 ARVC patients (43% male, 40.6 ± 16.0 years) without prior VA were analysed for global and regional right and left ventricular (RV, LV) strain. Primary outcome was sustained VA during follow-up. We performed multivariable regression assessing strain, in combination with (i) RV ejection fraction (EF); (ii) LVEF; and (iii) the ARVC risk calculator. False discovery rate adjusted P-values were given to correct for multiple comparisons and c-statistics were calculated for each model. During 4.3 (2.0–7.9) years of follow-up, 19% of patients experienced sustained VA. Compared to patients without VA, those with VA had significantly reduced RV longitudinal (P ≤ 0.03) and LV circumferential (P ≤ 0.04) strain. In addition, patients with VA had significantly reduced biventricular EF (P ≤ 0.02). After correcting for RVEF, LVEF, and the ARVC risk calculator separately in multivariable analysis, both RV and LV strain lost their significance [hazard ratio 1.03–1.18, P &gt; 0.05]. Likewise, while strain improved the c-statistic in combination with RVEF, LVEF, and the ARVC risk calculator separately, this did not reach statistical significance (P ≥ 0.18).

Conclusion
Both RV longitudinal and LV circumferential strain are reduced in ARVC patients with sustained VA during follow-up. However, strain does not have incremental value over RVEF, LVEF, and the ARVC VA risk calculator.
Gold-based lateral-flow strip for the detection of penconazole in watermelon and cucumber samples
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Xinxin , Liu Liqiang , Xu Liguang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As a typical triazole fungicide, penconazole (PEN) is widely used in agriculture but has been proven to be toxic. In this study, we designed a new hapten to prepare a highly sensitive and specific anti-PEN monoclonal antibody (mAb) and established a gold nanoparticle-based lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the detection of PEN residues in watermelon and cucumber. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the mAb was 0.42 ng/mL and the LFIA strip had a visual limit of detection (vLOD) of 2.5 ng/g and a cut-off value of 10 ng/g in watermelon and cucumbers. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) of the LFIA strip was 0.36 ng/g for watermelon and 0.29 ng/g for cucumber. The LFIA strip also gave a recovery rate of 92.5%–109.0% for watermelon samples and 92.5%–106.7% for cucumber samples. These results using the LFIA strip are highly consistent with those seen using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Thus our developed LFIA strip represents a potentially reliable tool for the rapid on-site screening for PEN in watermelons and cucumbers.
The effects of housing insecurity on children’s health: a scoping review
Authors: Bess Kiana D , Miller Alison L , Mehdipanah Roshanak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There is a well-established connection between housing conditions and children’s health. However, little is known on how housing insecurity indicators including, multiple moves, being behind on rent/mortgage, doubling up and crowding, affect child health. The purpose of this paper is to identify how pathways of association between housing insecurity and health may become established during childhood, using evidence from the literature. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for scoping reviews, a search was conducted using key terms associated with housing insecurity and health among children. Twenty-seven articles were included in the review. Forty-six outcomes related to child health were identified throughout the articles. Physical health was the most commonly examined outcome in these articles. Multiple moves was the most common housing insecurity indicator associated with health. This review identified multiple studies showing negative associations between housing insecurity and poorer health-related indicators among children. Results from this review provide important information on the implication of certain housing insecurity indicators for children’s health. Although housing is increasingly recognized as a social determinant of health, it may be particularly important to go beyond physical housing conditions to consider and measure housing insecurity in future work, as a key social determinant shaping health in pediatric populations.
Modified implantation of a Bolton Relay branch arch device into the ascending aorta close to a mechanical aortic valve
Authors: Milnerowicz Artur , Jędrzejczak Tomasz , Rynio Paweł , Kazimierczak Arkadiusz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An aortic arch stent graft is usually contraindicated with a mechanical aortic valve. However, a modified stent graft plus the use of an externalized transapical guidewire technique allowed a safe implantation close to a mechanical aortic valve.
Deterministic and stochastic in-host tuberculosis models for bacterium-directed and host-directed therapy combination
Authors: Zhang Wenjing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection can involve all immune system components and can result in different disease outcomes. The antibiotic TB drugs require strict adherence to prevent both disease relapse and mutation of drug- and multidrug-resistant strains. To overcome the constraints of pathogen-directed therapy, host-directed therapy has attracted more attention in recent years as an adjunct therapy to enhance host immunity to fight against this intractable pathogen. The goal of this paper is to investigate in-host TB models to provide insights into therapy development. Focusing on therapy-targeting parameters, the parameter regions for different disease outcomes are identified from an established ODE model. Interestingly, the ODE model also demonstrates that the immune responses can both benefit and impede disease progression, depending on the number of bacteria engulfed and released by macrophages. We then develop two Itô SDE models, which consider the impact of demographic variations at the cellular level and environmental variations during therapies along with demographic variations. The SDE model with demographic variation suggests that stochastic fluctuations at the cellular level have significant influences on (1) the T-cell population in all parameter regions, (2) the bacterial population when parameters located in the region with multiple disease outcomes and (3) the uninfected macrophage population in the parameter region representing active disease. Further, considering environmental variations from therapies, the second SDE model suggests that disease progression can slow down if therapies (1) can have fast return rates and (2) can bring parameter values into the disease clearance regions.
Classification of Thompson Related Groups Arising from Jones Technology I
Authors: Brothier Arnaud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the quest in constructing conformal field theories (CFTs), Jones has discovered a beautiful and deep connection between CFT, Richard Thompson’s groups, and knot theory. This led to a powerful functorial framework for constructing actions of particular groups arising from categories such as Thompson’s groups and braid groups. In particular, given a group and two of its endomorphisms one can construct a semidirect product where the largest Thompson’s group $V$ is acting. These semidirect products have remarkable diagrammatic descriptions that were previously used to provide new examples of groups having the Haagerup property. They naturally appear in certain field theories as being generated by local and global symmetries. Moreover, these groups occur in a construction of Tanushevski and can be realised using Brin–Zappa–Szep’s products with the technology of cloning systems of Witzel and Zaremsky. We consider in this article the class of groups obtained in that way where one of the endomorphism is trivial leaving the case of two nontrivial endomorphisms to a 2nd article. We provide an explicit description of all these groups as permutational restricted twisted wreath products where $V$ is the group acting and the twist depends on the endomorphism chosen. We classify this class of groups up to isomorphisms and provide a thin description of their automorphism group thanks to an unexpected rigidity phenomena.
Hypomethylation of thymosin β4 promoter is associated with glucocorticoid therapy in patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B-induced liver failure
Authors: Wang He , Qian Yu , Wang Jing-Wen , Fang Yu , Fan Yu-Chen , Liu Hui-Hui , Wang Kai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
We aimed to determine whether the methylation status of thymosin β4 (Tβ4) promoter reflects the severity of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) and whether glucocorticoids affect this status.

Methods
Fifty-six patients with ACHBLF, 45 with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 32 healthy controls (HCs), were retrospectively enrolled. Methylation-specific PCR and real-time PCR were used to detect Tβ4 methylation frequency and mRNA level. The expression of Tβ4 was measured before and after glucocorticoid treatment in patients with ACHBLF. Clinical and laboratory parameters were obtained.

Results
Tβ4 mRNA expression of patients with ACHBLF was lower than in patients with CHB or HCs, but the methylation frequency was higher. Tβ4 promoter methylation frequency was correlated with serum total bilirubin, prothrombin activity and model for end-stage liver disease score. Moreover, Tβ4 promoter methylation frequency decreased and demethylation occurred during glucocorticoid therapy. After glucocorticoid therapy, Tβ4 mRNA expression and liver function were better in patients with low levels of methylation than in those with higher levels. After 90 d, the survival of patients with low levels of methylation was significantly higher than those with high levels.

Conclusions
Patients with ACHBLF who have low levels of Tβ4 methylation may show a more favorable response to glucocorticoid treatment.
Clindamycin adjunctive therapy for severe Staphylococcus aureus treatment evaluation (CASSETTE)—an open-labelled pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Campbell A. J. , Dotel R. , Braddick M. , Britton P. N. , Eisen D. P. , Francis J. R. , Lynar S. , McMullan B. , Meagher N. , Nelson J. , O’Sullivan M. V. N. , Price D. J. , Robinson J. O. , Whelan A. , Tong S. Y. C. , Bowen A. C. , Davis J. S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Combination antibiotic therapy with an antitoxin agent, such as clindamycin, is included in some guidelines for severe, toxin-mediated Staphylococcus aureus infections. The evidence to support this practice is currently limited to in vitro, animal and observational human case-series data, with no previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Objectives
This pilot RCT aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a clinical trial to examine if adjunctive clindamycin with standard therapy has greater efficacy than standard therapy alone for S. aureus infections.

Methods
We performed an investigator-initiated, open-label, multicentre, pilot RCT (ACTRN12617001416381p) in adults and children with severe S. aureus infections, randomized to standard antibiotic therapy with or without clindamycin for 7 days.

Results
Over 28 months, across nine sites, 127 individuals were screened and 34 randomized, including 11 children (32%). The primary outcome—number of days alive and free of systemic inflammatory response syndrome ≤14 days—was similar between groups: clindamycin (3 days [IQR 1–6]) versus standard therapy (4 days [IQR 0–8]). The 90 day mortality was 0% (0/17) in the clindamycin group versus 24% (4/17) in the standard therapy group. Secondary outcomes—microbiological relapse, treatment failure or diarrhoea—were similar between groups.

Conclusions
As the first clinical trial assessing adjunctive clindamycin for S. aureus infections, this study indicates feasibility and that adults and children can be incorporated into one trial using harmonized endpoints, and there were no safety concerns. The CASSETTE trial will inform the definitive S. aureus Network Adaptive Platform (SNAP) trial, which includes an adjunctive clindamycin domain and participants with non-severe disease.
Sialyl-Tn antigen facilitates extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of FAK and enhances motility of recipient cells
Authors: Nagao Keisuke , Maeda Kento , Hosomi Kasumi , Morioka Kaito , Inuzuka Tatsutoshi , Ohtsubo Kazuaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Protein glycosylation plays a pivotal role in tumour development by modulating molecular interactions and cellular signals. Sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen is a tumour-associating carbohydrate epitope whose expression correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis of various cancers; however, its pathophysiological function is poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from cancer cells act as a signal mediator amongst tumour microenvironments by transferring cargo molecules. sTn antigen has been found in the glycans of EVs, thereby the functional relevance of sTn antigen to the regulation of tumour microenvironments could be expected. In the present study, we showed that sTn antigen induced TP53 and tumour suppressor–activated pathway 6 (TSAP6) and consequently enhanced EV production. Besides, the genetic attenuation of TSAP6 resulted in the reduction of the EV production in the sTn antigen expressing cells. The enhanced EV production in the sTn antigen–expressing cells consequently augmented the delivery of EVs to recipient cells. The produced EVs selectively and abundantly encased focal adhesion kinase and transferred it to EV-recipient cells, and thus, their cellular motility was enhanced. These findings would contribute to facilitate the elucidation of the pathophysiological significance of the sTn antigen in the tumour microenvironments and tumour development.
Money, Sacrificial Work, and Poor Consumers
Authors: Varman Rohit , Sreekumar Hari , Belk Russell W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This is an ethnography among poor migrants from Kerala, India to the Middle East. This study offers insights into how the poor accumulate sacrificial money through sufferings and self-abnegation, and earmark it for consumption in Kerala. The hardships endured to earn the sacrificial money transform it into a sacred object. The phenomena of accumulation, earmarking, and meaning making of sacrificial money by the poor can be understood through the concept of sacrificial work. Sacrificial work is a spatially demarcated circuit of accumulation of money through hardships and its conflict-ridden transfer to family, community, and self for consumption. In sacrificial work, the poor erect a boundary around this money, and earmark it as caring, communal, and transformative. By delineating the various aspects of sacrificial work, this study brings to the center a behavior that has, in spite of its ubiquity, been relegated to the margins of consumer research.
Acute hepatitis A in international travellers: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2008–2020
Authors: Balogun Oluwafemi , Brown Ashley , Angelo Kristina M , Hochberg Natasha S , Barnett Elizabeth D , Nicolini Laura Ambra , Asgeirsson Hilmir , Grobusch Martin P , Leder Karin , Salvador Fernando , Chen Lin , Odolini Silvia , Díaz-Menéndez Marta , Gobbi Federico , Connor Bradley A , Libman Michael , Hamer Davidson H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Non-immune international travellers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis A. Although hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for unvaccinated travellers to high or intermediate hepatitis A virus endemicity, compliance with this recommendation is not universal.
The main objective was to describe the demographic and travel characteristics of international travellers infected with hepatitis A during travel.

Methods
Available data on travellers with confirmed (positive molecular test) or probable (symptomatic individuals with a single positive IgM test) hepatitis A diagnosed during and after travel from January 2008 to December 2020 were obtained from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database. We analysed demographic and travel characteristics of infected travellers.

Results
Among 254 travellers with hepatitis A (185 confirmed and 69 probable), the median age was 28 years (interquartile range: 19–40), 150 (59%) were male, and among 54 travellers with information available, 53 (98%) were unvaccinated. The most common reasons for travel included tourism (n = 120; 47%) and visiting friends or relatives (VFR; n = 72; 28%). About two-thirds of VFR travellers with hepatitis A (n = 50; 69%) were younger than 20 years old. Hepatitis A was acquired most frequently in South-Central Asia (n = 63; 25%) and sub-Saharan Africa (n = 61; 24%), but 16 travellers (6%) acquired hepatitis A in regions with low endemicity including Western Europe (n = 7; 3%), the Caribbean (n = 6; 2%) and North America (n = 3; 1%). Median duration from illness onset to GeoSentinel site presentation was ~7 days (interquartile range : 4–14 days). Among 88 travellers with information available, 59% were hospitalized.

Conclusions
Despite availability of highly effective vaccines, travellers still acquire hepatitis A, even when traveling to low-endemicity destinations. Providing pre-departure hepatitis A vaccine to susceptible travellers is crucial to reducing travel-associated hepatitis A and should be offered to all travellers as part of the pre-travel consultation, regardless of destination.
Early Modern Economic Theology and Oikonomia in The Merchant of Venice
Authors: Kim Jaecheol 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The primary purpose of this article is to survey the issue of oikonomia and risk management in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice in terms of economic theology. In the theology of the Apostle Paul, ‘oikonomia’ signifies God’s miraculous dispensation to guide human souls to salvation. Nonetheless, today’s economic theologians, including Giorgio Agamben, have demonstrated that its meaning has been gradually secularised, developing into capitalist ideas semantically covering concepts such as risk calculation, shaping human conduct to market conformity, and business administration. Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is an intriguing narrative, situated at the historical juncture where the idea of oikonomia was secularised by mediating Christian theology with capitalist ideologies. The paradox of this comedy, in which nobody is killed and nobody goes bankrupt, is that uncalculating and abandoned risk management becomes proper administration. It is thus not surprising to see the idea of ‘mercy’ as the theme of the play, approaching the meaning of ‘dispensation’, an English translation of ‘oikonomia’.
A deep learning framework for Square Kilometre Array Science Data Challenge 1
Authors: Yu Lei , Liu Bin , Zhu Yan , Chen Ru-Rong , Xi Hong-Wei , Jin Cheng-Jin , Peng Bo 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA), as an eminent radio telescope of the next generation, will observe a huge number of objects with complex morphologies and sizes. An efficient method for locating and classifying radio sources becomes a requirement for scientific exploration. The SKA Science Data Challenge 1 (SDC1) is focused on the source detection, characterization, and classification for the SKA mid-frequency dish array of simulated continuum data. Three frequencies are covered (560, 1400, and 9200 MHz) to three depths (8, 100, and 1000 h). In this paper, we present an efficient deep learning framework, which is an entirely parallel, Python-based method for confronting the data challenge. The method can exceptionally achieve the source finding and categorizing simultaneously for both point and extended sources. In addition, the proposed denoising model can be a good noise estimator as a plugin for other similar applications. Compared with the published best, our score has improved by at least 22 per cent and up to 125 per cent in nine images of SDC1.
Phylotranscriptomics Resolves the Phylogeny of Pooideae and Uncovers Factors for Their Adaptive Evolution
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhu Xinxin , Zhao Yiyong , Guo Jing , Zhang Taikui , Huang Weichen , Huang Jie , Hu Yi , Huang Chien-Hsun , Ma Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAdaptation to cool climates has occurred several times in different angiosperm groups. Among them, Pooideae, the largest grass subfamily with ∼3,900 species including wheat and barley, have successfully occupied many temperate regions and play a prominent role in temperate ecosystems. To investigate possible factors contributing to Pooideae adaptive evolution to cooling climates, we performed phylogenetic reconstruction using five gene sets (with 1,234 nuclear genes and their subsets) from 157 transcriptomes/genomes representing all 15 tribes and 24 of 26 subtribes. Our phylogeny supports the monophyly of all tribes (except Diarrheneae) and all subtribes with at least two species, with strongly supported resolution of their relationships. Molecular dating suggests that Pooideae originated in the late Cretaceous, with subsequent divergences under cooling conditions first among many tribes from the early middle to late Eocene and again among genera in the middle Miocene and later periods. We identified a cluster of gene duplications (CGD5) shared by the core Pooideae (with 80% Pooideae species) near the Eocene–Oligocene transition, coinciding with the transition from closed to open habitat and an upshift of diversification rate. Molecular evolutionary analyses homologs of CBF for cold resistance uncovered tandem duplications during the core Pooideae history, dramatically increasing their copy number and possibly promoting adaptation to cold habitats. Moreover, duplication of AP1/FUL-like genes before the Pooideae origin might have facilitated the regulation of the vernalization pathway under cold environments. These and other results provide new insights into factors that likely have contributed to the successful adaptation of Pooideae members to temperate regions.