bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemoporfin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Port-Wine Stains: Multivariate Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Optical Coherence Tomography Appearance
Authors: Lin Yanyan , Gong Wei , Kang Jie , Fang Yuhong , Liu Jingjing , Lin Lihang , Xiao Xuemin 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundHemoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is reported to be effective and safe for port-wine stains (PWS). However, its efficacy is influenced by several factors and there is no appropriate method to evaluate efficacy so far. Therefore, this study explored the clinical efficacy of HMME-PDT for PWS on the face and neck and the feasibility of evaluating treatment potency with optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsA total of 211 PWS patients subjected to HMME-PDT were recruited for study and correlations of therapeutic effect with treatment sessions, age, gender, lesion distribution and treatment history analyzed. OCT was utilized for quantitative analysis of PWS lesions of 36 selected patients before and after HMME-PDT.ResultsThe efficacy of two consecutive treatments was significantly higher than that of single treatment (P &lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after the first treatment, age, lesion distribution and treatment history were correlative factors affecting treatment efficacy (P &lt; 0.05). The improvement effect on central facial lesions was lower than that on lateral facial lesions (P &lt; 0.05). The efficacy of therapy on the group with no history of pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment was greater than that on effective and ineffective treatment groups (P &lt; 0.05). After the second session, age remained the only factor correlated with efficacy (P &lt; 0.05). Dilated vessel diameter and depth before and after treatment were significantly different (P &lt; 0.05). With increasing treatment times, age was the most significant factor influencing treatment efficacy.ConclusionsOur collective findings indicate that HMME-PDT therapy is effective and safe for PWS and support the utility of OCT in objective assessment of the efficacy of HMME-PDT.
Determining the Prognostic Value of Spliceosome-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Liu Jun , Gu Liming , Zhang Dangui , Li Wenli 
Published: February 2022

Background: The spliceosome plays an important role in mRNA alternative splicing and is aberrantly expressed in several tumors. However, the potential roles of spliceosome-related genes in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood.Materials and Methods: Patient data were acquired from public databases. Expression differences and survival analyses were used to assess the importance of spliceosome-related genes in HCC prognosis. To explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of these genes, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed and screened using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and random forest analyses. This was used to create a five-gene prognostic model. The prognostic value and predictive power of the five-gene signature were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses in the training set. These results were further validated in an independent external set. To facilitate clinical application, a nomogram was prepared to predict the overall survival of HCC patients. The relative expression of five genes was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results: The analysis revealed that LSM1-7, SNRPB, SNRPD1-3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, and SNRPN could be used as prognostic biomarkers in HCC patients. Moreover, the five-gene risk model could clearly distinguish between the high-and low-risk groups. Furthermore, the risk model was associated with the tumor mutation burden, immune cell infiltration of CD8+ T cells, natural killer T cells, M2 macrophages, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, which also demonstrated the predictive efficacy of this risk model in HCC immunotherapy.Conclusion: Spliceosome-related genes and the five-gene signature could serve as novel prognostic biomarkers for HCC patients, aiding clinical patient monitoring and follow-up.
Neonatal Feeding Tube Colonization and the Potential Effect on Infant Health: A Review
Authors: Parker Leslie A. , Magalhães Marina , Desorcy-Scherer Katelyn , Torrez Lamberti Monica , Lorca Graciela L. , Neu Josef 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundInfants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) often require feeding tubes (FT) for weeks to months. Because FTs are in near constant contact with human milk and/or formula, rapid and extensive bacterial growth is possible. Due to their immature immunologic and gastrointestinal (GI) systems, infants may be at significant health risk due to FT colonization. In adults, length of time FTs remain in place (dwell time) affects the degree of colonization and biofilm formation which is important in infants whose tubes remain in place up to 30 days.ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to describe and summarize the evidence regarding FT bacterial colonization in infants and identify gaps needing further investigation.MethodsMedline, CINAHL, and Embase databases were searched for clinical and/or laboratory-based observational and randomized controlled studies investigating the presence of bacteria in neonatal FTs.ResultsThis review of 10 studies found evidence that neonatal FTs may contain high quantities of potentially pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria and longer dwell times may increase the bacterial load. Furthermore, evidence suggests FT colonization may be nosocomial in origin and contribute to adverse infant health. Feeding tubes are an unrecognized source of bacterial colonization which may increase morbidity in premature infants and thus the presence of bacteria in FTs is an important area of investigation in the nutritional care of vulnerable infants in the NICU.ImplicationsFurther appropriately powered studies which are clinically based, use appropriate analyses, and control for potential covariates are necessary to make clinical recommendations.
An Up-To-Date Investigation Into the Correlation Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Clinical Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Solid Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Chaoxing , Guo Huaijuan , Mao Haiyan , Tong Jiandong , Yang Mengxue , Yan Xuebing 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAlthough immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the current anticancer therapies, a considerable proportion of patients are found to hardly benefit from these drugs. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that concomitant proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use may affect the clinical efficacy of ICIs; however, their results are inconsistent. In this study, based on updated evidence, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis to clarify the prognostic significance of PPI use in advanced solid cancer patients receiving ICI therapy.MethodsEligible literature was searched using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and other network resources before July 2021. Clinical outcome was evaluated using overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The correlation of PPI use with OS or PFS was determined based on hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 17 studies enrolling 9,978 ICI-treated cancer patients were included in our meta-analysis. The global analysis demonstrated that PPI use was significantly correlated with worse OS [HR = 1.29 (1.10–1.50)] instead of PFS [HR = 1.19 (0.98–1.44)] in solid cancer patients receiving ICI therapy. In a subgroup analysis, the negative correlation of PPI use with ICI efficacy was significant in patients with non-small cell lung cancer [PFS, HR = 1.27 (1.10–1.47)] and urothelial carcinoma [OS, HR = 1.55 (1.31–1.84), PFS, HR = 1.52 (1.13–2.06)] and mixed cohorts containing multiple cancer types [OS, HR = 1.40 (1.16–1.69)], while an opposite result was observed in the PFS of patients with melanoma [HR = 0.48 (0.25–0.90)]. Moreover, the unfavorable prognostic impact of PPI use was also significant in patients over 65 years old [OS, HR = 1.28 (1.05–1.55), PFS, HR = 1.32 (1.12–1.56)] or those receiving anti-PD-1 [OS, HR = 1.37 (1.04–1.79)] or anti-PD-L1 therapies (OS, HR = 1.49 (1.30–1.69), PFS, HR = 1.34 (1.20–1.50). Finally, PPI use was significantly correlated with a worse prognosis in patients receiving PPIs 30 days before and/or after ICI initiation (OS, HR = 1.38 (1.18–1.62), PFS, HR = 1.23 (1.06–1.43)).ConclusionAlthough our global analysis revealed PPI use was not correlated with the PFS of ICI-treated patients, considering the results of our subgroup analysis, PPIs should be still cautiously used shortly before or during ICI therapy. Furthermore, more clinical validations and related mechanism investigations are of great necessity to clarify the clinical correlation of PPI use with ICI efficacy.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], PROSPERO [No. CRD42021243707].
Predicting Distant Metastasis in Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer After Surgery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Cheng Jie , Lao Yao-Jia , Wang Qian , Huang Kai , Mou Juan-Li , Feng Jia-Hui , Hu Fan , Lin Meng-Lu , Lin Jun 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAlthough overall colorectal cancer (CRC) cases have been declining worldwide, there has been an increase in the incidence of the CRC among individuals younger than 50 years old, which is associated with distant metastasis (DM) and poor prognosis.MethodsYoung-onset CRC patients’ postoperative data were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between January 2010 and December 2015. Data from the SEER database were divided into early stage and advanced stage according to whether chemoradiotherapy was recommended in the guidelines. Independent risk factors for DM were explored by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression separately. A predictive model was established and presented as nomogram in the training set of advanced stage. The model was internally verified in testing set and externally validated in a cohort of 145 patients from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The accuracy, reliability, and clinical application value were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively. Different risk subgroups of DM were classified according to the scores of the nomogram in the training set of advanced stage.ResultsA total of 5,584 patients were eligible and enrolled in our study in which 1,277 were in early stage and 4,307 in advanced stage. Preoperative CEA positive was found to be an independent predictor of DM in early stage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size, degree of differentiation, T stage, N stage, preoperative CEA, and whether radiation or chemotherapy performed were independent risk factors for DM (all, p &lt; 0.05) in advanced stage. Great accuracies were achieved in our nomogram with AUC of 0.801 in training set, 0.811 in testing set, and 0.791 in the validation cohort, respectively. Calibration curves and DCA in internal validation and external validation both showed good stability and clinical utility values.ConclusionsPreoperative CEA positive was a significant predictor of DM for young-onset CRC patients. A novel nomogram containing clinical and pathological features was established for predicting DM of advanced CRC in patients younger than 50 years old. This tool may serve as an early alert for clinicians to DM and make better clinical treatment regimens.
Prognostic Significance of Comprehensive Gene Mutations and Clinical Characteristics in Adult T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Based on Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Yin Hua , Hong Mei , Deng Jun , Yao Lan , Qian Chenjing , Teng Yao , Li Tingting , Wu Qiuling 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAdult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a heterogeneous malignant tumor with poor prognosis. However, accurate prognostic stratification factors are still unclear.MethodsData from 90 adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL) patients were collected. The association of gene mutations detected by next-generation sequencing and clinical characteristics with the outcomes of T-ALL/LBL patients were retrospectively analyzed to build three novel risk stratification models through Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsForty-seven mutated genes were identified. Here, 73.3% of patients had at least one mutation, and 36.7% had ≥3 mutations. The genes with higher mutation frequency were NOTCH1, FBXW7, and DNMT3A. The most frequently altered signaling pathways were NOTCH pathway, transcriptional regulation pathway, and DNA methylation pathway. Age (45 years old), platelet (PLT) (50 G/L), actate dehydrogenase (LDH) (600 U/L), response in D19-BMR detection, TP53 and cell cycle signaling pathway alterations, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were integrated into a risk stratification model of event-free survival (EFS). Age (45 years old), white blood cell (WBC) count (30 G/L), response in D19-BMR detection, TP53 and cell cycle signaling pathway alterations, and HSCT were integrated into a risk stratification model of overall survival (OS). According to our risk stratification models, the 1-year EFS and OS rates in the low-risk group were significantly higher than those in the high-risk group.ConclusionsOur risk stratification models exhibited good prognostic roles in adult T-ALL/LBL patients and might guide individualized treatment and ultimately improve their outcomes.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Children With Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Dai Shiyi , Yang Kaiying , Qiu Tong , Zhou Jiangyuan , Zhang Xuepeng , Chen Siyuan , Li Lizhi , Ji Yi 
Published: February 2022

Background and ObjectiveKaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, aggressive and borderline vascular tumor mainly occurring in infants and children. The aim of this study was to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with KHE.MeasuresA total of 91 children with KHE participated in this cross-sectional study. The HRQOL was assessed by the age-specific Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) Infant Scales, Family Information Form (FIF), Family Impact Module (FIM) and Generic Core Scales (GCS). For comparison, demographically matched healthy children were recruited as a control group. The main outcome measure of HRQOL was analyzed in the two groups. We determined related factors that influenced the HRQOL in children with KHE and their parents by using a stepwise multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe study found that the scores of each item in the family impact module (FIM) were lower than 75, which suggesting that KHE can make the parents of patients in a state of poor quality of life. The scores of physiological and psychosocial domains in all age groups of patients with KHE were lower than those of normal children (P &lt; 0.01). Activity dysfunction is the factor influencing the physiological function score of all-age patients. KMP is the factor influencing the psychosocial function score of all-age patients.ConclusionsThe findings presented here suggest that patients with KHE have a poor HRQOL. KMP and activity dysfunction are risk factors for poor HRQOL in patients with KHE. However, lesion size, lesion location and education level of the mother and father were not related to the HRQOL.
Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Bone Age Assessment to Improve the Accuracy and Consistency of Physicians With Different Levels of Experience
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhou Bo , Gong Ping , Zhang Ting , Mo Yan , Tang Jie , Shi Xinmiao , Wang Jianhong , Yuan Xinyu , Bai Fengsen , Wang Lei , Xu Qi , Tian Yu , Ha Qing , Huang Chencui , Yu Yizhou , Wang Lin 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe accuracy and consistency of bone age assessments (BAA) using standard methods can vary with physicians' level of experience.MethodsTo assess the impact of information from an artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) model on BAA, specialists with different levels of experience (junior, mid-level, and senior) assessed radiographs from 316 children aged 4–18 years that had been randomly divided into two equal sets-group A and group B. Bone age (BA) was assessed independently by each specialist without additional information (group A) and with information from the model (group B). With the mean assessment of four experts as the reference standard, mean absolute error (MAE), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to evaluate accuracy and consistency. Individual assessments of 13 bones (radius, ulna, and short bones) were also compared between group A and group B with the rank-sum test.ResultsThe accuracies of senior, mid-level, and junior physicians were significantly better (all P &lt; 0.001) with AI assistance (MAEs 0.325, 0.344, and 0.370, respectively) than without AI assistance (MAEs 0.403, 0.469, and 0.755, respectively). Moreover, for senior, mid-level, and junior physicians, consistency was significantly higher (all P &lt; 0.001) with AI assistance (ICCs 0.996, 0.996, and 0.992, respectively) than without AI assistance (ICCs 0.987, 0.989, and 0.941, respectively). For all levels of experience, accuracy with AI assistance was significantly better than accuracy without AI assistance for assessments of the first and fifth proximal phalanges.ConclusionsInformation from an AI model improves both the accuracy and the consistency of bone age assessments for physicians of all levels of experience. The first and fifth proximal phalanges are difficult to assess, and they should be paid more attention.
Cost-Effectiveness of Sequential Teriparatide/Zoledronic Acid Compared With Zoledronic Acid Monotherapy for Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women in China
Authors: You Ruxu , Liu Jinyu , Ke Lei , Yu Guangyi , Zhang Yu , Mori Takahiro 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of sequential teriparatide/zoledronic acid relative to zoledronic acid monotherapy for postmenopausal osteoporotic women in China.MethodsA previously validated Markov microsimulation model was updated to examine the cost-effectiveness of daily subcutaneous teriparatide for 2 years followed by annual intravenous zoledronic acid for 3 years (sequential teriparatide/zoledronic acid), compared with zoledronic acid monotherapy for 3 years in Chinese women with postmenopausal osteoporosis at ages 65, 70, 75, and 80 from the health care payer perspective.ResultsThe incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) (US dollars [$] per quality-adjusted life-year [QALY]) of sequential teriparatide/zoledronic acid vs. zoledronic acid monotherapy was $173,223/QALY at age 65 years, which was much higher than the pre-determined willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $ 31,512/QALY, and the results were similar at other ages. In one-way sensitivity analyses, the two most impactful parameters were the cost of teriparatide and the residual effects of the medications included in this study. Sequential teriparatide/zoledronic acid became cost-effective at age 80 with the cost of teriparatide reduced by 50%. Without the residual effect, the ICER increased to $257,982/QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses shown that the probabilities of zoledronic acid monotherapy being cost-effective were 100% at a WTP of $31,512/QALY.ConclusionsAmong Chinese women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, sequential teriparatide/zoledronic acid was not cost-effective unless the cost of teriparatide was reduced by 50% only for the participants over 80 years.
Immunohistochemical Study of the Expression of the Surface Marker of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells SUSD2 in Healthy and Hypoplastic Endometrium
Authors: Царева Н.В. , Курлович И.В. 
Published: February 2022

Иммуногистохимическое исследование экспрессии поверхностного маркера эндометриальных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток SUSD2 в здоровом и гипопластическом эндометрии показало, что в отличие от фертильных женщин у пациенток с гипоплазией эндометрия отмечается выраженное снижение экспрессии SUSD2 как в железах, так и в строме эндометрия. Установлено, что эндометриальные мезенхимальные стволовые клетки в строме эндометрия располагаются преимущественно около сосудов.
Immunohistochemical study of the expression of the surface marker of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells SUSD2 in healthy and hypoplastic endometrium showed that, in contrast to fertile women, patients with endometrial hypoplasia have a pronounced decrease in the expression of SUSD2 both in the glands and in the stroma of the endometrium. It has been established that endometrial mesenchymal stem cells in the endometrial stroma are located mainly near the vessels.
Prevention of the Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Women
Authors: Ниткин Д.М. 
Published: February 2022

В статье представлен обзор современных данных по профилактике рецидивирующей инфекции мочевых путей у женщин. Отдельное внимание уделено актуальным аспектам эпидемиологии и этиологии рассматриваемой проблемы, а также факторам риска развития рецидивов. В соответствии с рекомендациями гайдлайна Европейской ассоциации урологов по диагностике и лечению инфекции мочевых путей, а также с позиции доказательной медицины рассмотрены основные методы профилактики. Акцентировано внимание на неантибактериальных методах профилактики, а также эффективности и безопасности фитопрофилактики рецидивов клинической манифестации инфекции мочевых путей лекарственным средством растительного происхождения Канефрон® Н.
The article provides an overview of the up-to-date data on the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in women. Special attention is paid to the current aspects of the epidemiology and etiology of the problem, as well as the risk factors for the development of relapses. The main methods of prevention are considered in accordance with the recommendations of the European Association of Urology Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections and to the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. Attention is focused on non-antibacterial methods of prophylaxis especially on the effectiveness and safety of phytoprophylaxis of recurrences of clinical manifestations of urinary tract infection with Canephron® N.