bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A-216 Construct Validity of The National Institutes of Health Toolbox- Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Cavernous Malformation, Type 1 (CCM-1) and their Non-Affected Relatives
Authors: Petranovich Christine , Campbell Richard , Gill Darbi , Hart Blaine , Morrison Leslie , Wilson Kevin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study assessed the convergent validity of the NIHTB-CB in a sample of children and adolescents with CCM-1 and non-affected relatives.
Method: Twenty-two participants with CCM-1 and 7 non-affected relatives completed the NIHTB-CB and traditional neuropsychological measures. The following domains were assessed: memory (NIHTB-CB Picture Sequencing Memory and Child and Adolescent Memory Profile- Screening Index), word reading (NIHTB-CB Oral Reading and Wide Range Achievement Test-4th Word Reading [WRAT-4 WR]), processing speed (NIHTB-CB Pattern Comparison and Symbol Digit Modalities Test), and attention/working memory (NIHTB-CB List Sorting and Digit Span).
Results: The non-affected group scored higher than the CCM-1 group on WRAT-4 WR (t = 2.68, p = .02) and NIHTB-CB Oral Reading (t = 2.18, p = .05). The groups did not differ on the other measures (p &gt; .05). Pearson’s correlations ranged from .45 for memory to .81 for word reading, demonstrating adequate construct validity for memory, processing speed, and attention/ working memory and good to very good for word reading. The NIHTB-CB was more likely to identify participants as impaired for memory (17.2% vs 6.9%) and processing speed (62.1% vs. 3.4%). The traditional attention/working memory measure was more likely to identify participants as impaired (27.6% vs 3.4%). Impairment rates were similar for the word reading measures.
Conclusions: Of the domains considered, convergent validity was best established for word reading. Although correlations were adequate, rates of impairment differed for memory, processing speed, and attention/ working memory, suggesting that caution is warranted when comparing the NIHTB-CB to traditional measures in these areas.
A-217 Convergent Validity Between the Motor Domains of Pediatractm, and the Ages And Stages Questionnaire – 3rd Edition (ASQ-3)
Authors: Lasutschinkow Patricia C , Bo Jin , Le Doux Gabrielle N , Warschausky Seth , Lajiness-O’Neill Renée 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: PediaTracTM is a web-based tool for tracking infant/toddler development (Lajiness-O’Neill et al., 2021). This study evaluated convergent validity between PediaTracTM Motor domain and motor domains of Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3, Squires & Phillips, 2009).
Method: Participants were 515 term and preterm (&lt; 37 weeks gestation) infant/caregiver dyads in a multi-site validation study of PediaTracTM. Data from 2-, 4-, 6-, and 9-month waves on PediaTracTM and ASQ-3 were included (age corrected for pre-term).
Results: At 2-months, PediaTracTM and ASQ-3 fine motor were moderately correlated in term (r(299) = 0.46, p &lt; 0.001) and preterm (r(216) = 0.30, p &lt; 0.001) infants. Similar relationships were found at 4-months (r(291) = 0.36, p &lt; 0.001 and r(211) = 0.41, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and 9-months (r(271) = 0.30, p &lt; 0.001 and r(180) = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). At 2-months, gross motor assessments were moderately correlated in term (r(299) = 0.48, p &lt; 0.001) and preterm (r(216) = 0.45, p &lt; 0.001) infants. At 4-months, moderate correlations were found. Strongest associations were at 9-months in term (r(271) = 0.63, p &lt; 0.001) and preterm (r(180) = 0.68, p &lt; 0.001) infants. Similar relationships were not found at 6-months (-0.06 &lt; r &lt; 0.08).
Conclusion(s): This study supports convergent validity for the PediaTracTM Motor domain at multiple time points. The lack of association at 6-months may stem from the known lack of sensitivity to motor delays in the ASQ-3 in infancy highlighting the need for further validation of PediaTracTM Motor with direct assessments at each time point.
A-219 Development of the Nonverbal Test of Cognition for Hospital Inpatients
Authors: Lee Bern , Smetana Racheal , Broshek Donna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: There are few neuropsychological measures available for valid assessment of hospital inpatients who are intubated or otherwise unable to communicate verbally. The Nonverbal Test of Cognition in Hospitals (NoTCH) was developed to provide a brief inpatient assessment that does not require verbal responses. The objective of this study was to describe the NoTCH and determine its tolerability and practicality among hospitalized patients, to justify normative data collection.
Method: The NoTCH contains 10 subsections and was designed to assess domains of attention, working memory, learning and memory, receptive language, orientation, and suboptimal engagement. The test was developed and then administered to a small cohort of four neuropsychologists and health psychologists to pilot the measure and refine the test. Thirteen participants with epilepsy undergoing monitoring on the epilepsy monitoring unit then completed the NoTCH. Participants answered a series of prompts by holding up fingers, tapping, and pointing to objects in their room. Means and standard deviations of test performance were examined to identify ceiling effects.
Results: The NoTCH took an average of 16 minutes to administer and was well tolerated by all patients. The overall measure was reasonably difficult on average (56/96; SD = 6.76) and four sections had notable ceiling effects. No tests had floor effects that would preclude detection of low scores.
Conclusions: The NoTCH was well-tolerated in the inpatient setting, quick to administer, and demonstrated preliminary indication of sensitivity to cognitive functioning across domains. Future research will develop normative data for the measure and a companion outpatient form.
A-252 A Suspected Case Of Limbic-Predominant Age-Related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE) in an Older Adult
Authors: Smith Alphonso , Eaton James E , Darby Richard R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: LATE is a common but underrecognized neuropathology that causes a progressive amnestic syndrome in older adults which mimics an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical profile.
Method: A 75-year-old female with a history of progressive cognitive impairment presented to a multidisciplinary neurology clinic. Neurocognitive screening during her neurological exam showed an amnestic memory profile. A work-up for medical causes for her cognitive impairment was negative. She had prominent hippocampal atrophy on MRI with a negative amyloid PET scan, raising concerns for LATE. She was referred for a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.
Results: Neuropsychological testing confirmed an amnestic mild dementia profile in the context of her other cognitive skills (e.g., attention, executive functioning, processing speed, word finding, and visuospatial abilities) being largely preserved. On self-report questionnaires, the patient denied having any significant symptoms of depression or anxiety.
Conclusions: LATE is described as causing a primarily amnestic neurocognitive profile with associated hippocampal atrophy and this was well demonstrated in our patient. While the diagnosis of LATE cannot be definitively made until autopsy, the absence of amyloid on her PET scan highly suggests a non-AD pathology like LATE. A limitation of the evaluation is that tau biomarker tests were not performed, making primary age-related tauopathy (PART) another possible pathology or co-pathology. Overall, this case study illustrates the importance of multidisciplinary assessment to help facilitate differential diagnosis for neurodegenerative conditions associated with amnestic cognitive impairment, especially when a non-AD pathology is suspected.
A-257 The Relationship between BMI, Sleep Quality, and Cognitive Performance among Overweight Adults
Authors: Illam Shashonk , Lee Grace , Rajaram Sujatha , Sabate Joan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The primary objective is to examine the main effects of Body Mass Index (BMI) and sleep quality on cognitive performance.
Method: Adults between the ages of 25-84 (n=217) were recruited for the Loma Linda University Healthy Avocado Trial study. Participants had a mean age of 49.61 (SD=13.13), mean education of 14.66 years (SD=2.44), and a mean BMI of 33.87 (SD=5.48). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), and cognition was measured using a two-hour neurocognitive battery including tests of attention/working memory (WM), processing speed, executive function, and learning/memory. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the effects of BMI and sleep quality on cognitive performance, while controlling for age, sex, and education.
Results: There were no significant main effects of either BMI or sleep quality on cognitive performance. However, strong trends were observed for the effect of BMI on attention (b=0.127, t(211)=1.883, p=0.061) and learning/memory (b=0.126, t(211)=1.948, p=0.057). Trends were also observed for an effect of PSQI on executive function (b=-0.115, t(211)=-1.834, p=0.069) and processing speed (b=-0.106, t(211)=-1.774, p=0.077).
Conclusion(s): While it was expected that both BMI and poor sleep quality would be associated with reduced cognitive performance, significant main effects were not found. Trends were observed for an effect of BMI on attention and memory, and of sleep quality on executive function and processing speed. One hypothesis for these results is that the deleterious effects of BMI and poor sleep may not manifest until later adulthood and may be weaker or not detected in younger adults.
A-262 Cognitive and Occupational Status of Young Adult Survivors of Leukemia/Lymphoma Prior to Transition to Adult-Centered Care
Authors: Balderrama Melissa , Whitaker Ashley M , Mendoza Leanne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia/non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (ALL/NHL) confers risk of long-term cognitive sequelae, though many survivors lose access to neuropsychological monitoring once they transition to adult-centered care. The objective of this study is to describe the frequency/severity of cognitive concerns of ALL/NHL survivors who are about to transition care in relation to occupational status and school service utilization.
Method: Thirty-eight young adult (x ̅=19.5 years), primarily Latino, survivors of ALL/NHL underwent neuropsychological evaluation. Domains included working memory (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition [WAIS-IV] Digit Span [DS]), processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]/WAIS-IV Coding), and sustained attention (Conners Continuous Performance Test–Third Edition [CPT-3]). Occupational status was determined during interview.
Results: Survivors exhibited lower working memory (z=-4.44, p=.00001) and processing speed (SDMT z=-3.82, p=.00014; CPT-3 Hit Reaction Time z=2.57, p=.01) compared to normative expectations. Nearly 90% of the sample was in school and/or working at the time of evaluation. Of those attending higher education (74%), over 35% performed at least one standard deviation below the mean across DS and SDMT/Coding (which is over twice as frequent as in the normative population), though less than 15% were receiving accommodations.
Conclusion: Despite increased risk of working memory and processing speed deficits, the majority of our sample was in school and/or working at the time of evaluation. While this confirms the resiliency of young adult survivors, their need for supportive services that address cognitive barriers may be under-recognized. Neuropsychological monitoring in this age group remains critical to create avenues for support during the transition to adult-centered care.
A-267 Pediatric Neuropsychology Genetic Consultation: Rare de novo GCK Mutation with Severe Persistent Congenital Hyperinsulinemia (CH/CHI)
Authors: Pimental Patricia , Ciampanelli Anna , Fields Caitlin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Chromosomal abnormalities may result in neurodevelopmental delay. Mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme glucokinase (GCK) have been shown to result in congenital hyperinsulinemia (CH/CHI) and hyperglycemia (Galcheva et al., 2019). GCK is important for both glucose metabolism and homeostasis (Kraslow et al., 2021).
Methods: The present case involves a 5-year-old, right-handed, Caucasian male, with a history of chromosomal abnormalities. DNA sequence analysis performed by PCR amplification of highly purified genomic DNA, followed by automated bi-directional DNA sequencing of coding regions of the genes revealed: GCK Variant 1: Transition T&gt;C; Nucleotide position: 295; Codon position: 99; Amino acid change: Tryptophan&gt;Arginine; DNA variant type: Disease-associated mutation, heterozygous; Inheritance: Autosomal Dominant; and Phenotype: CH. The patient had a history of severe persistent CH/CHI, obstructive sleep apnea, congenital chordee, cholelithiasis, and gross motor delay. He was referred for neuropsychological testing to ascertain the extent of his neurodevelopmental issues.
Results: Neuropsychological testing revealed a diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder—combined type, dysexecutive syndrome/executive functioning disorder, below average general intellectual functioning and retention of new information, and severe behavioral dysregulation.
Conclusion: Rare de novo GCK mutations with severe persistent CH/CHI are uncommon (Kraslow et al., 2021). According to Roper et al. (2020), roughly up to 48% of neonates affected with CH/CHI may exhibit sequelae of neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disabilities. Analyses of GCK mutations and resultant neuropsychological deficits are rarely reported. Our case highlights the importance of pediatric neuropsychology genetic consultation in elucidating neurodevelopmental sequelae and academic and rehabilitation recommendations.
A-274 A Case Study of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in a 68-year-old with Pronounced Frontal-Executive Deficits Complicated by Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Khan Mohammadi , Phillips Matthew S , Yang Jessica , Fink Joseph 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Individuals with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) often experience cognitive decline, repeated falls, restricted gaze, bradykinesia, and depression/behavioral changes. Despite having certain distinguishing features neuroanatomically and neurologically, PSP continues to be difficult to classify and distinguish from some other more well-known neurodegenerative and movement-related disorders.
Method: A 68-year-old white male presented for a neuropsychological evaluation (2022) initially after his neurologist became suspicious of him having cerebellar degeneration or multisystem atrophy. He reported a progressive one-year decline in memory, motor abilities, and executive functions, along with having personality changes and a loss of independence in his activities of daily living (ADLs). To complicate the differential diagnosis, an MRI of his brain from six months prior simply concluded “age-related changes”. Upon revisiting this MRI and closer visual inspection, focal atrophy of the midbrain became apparent on a sagittal section, in addition to bilateral ischemic changes in the white matter. He was later diagnosed with PSP.
Results: Despite demonstrating adequate performance on simple cognitive screening measures, he displayed marked behavioral disinhibition, executive/attention problems, visuospatial concerns, decreased motor abilities, and variable memory functioning that were found to impact his ability to carry out instrumental and even some basic ADLs.
Conclusions: Cases such as this one requiring diagnostic clarification lend support to the “hummingbird sign” (midbrain atrophy) being a useful imaging marker in distinguishing PSP from other clinical disorders. Additionally, in contrast to other neurodegenerative disorders, frontal-executive deficits (e.g., disinhibition) were a particularly pronounced feature in his PSP neurocognitive profile, followed by milder difficulties in memory, language, and visuospatial functions.
A-284 A Systematic Review of Exercise for the Management of Post-Concussion Symptoms
Authors: Jaganathan Kannan Singaravelu , Sullivan Karen , Kinmond Sally , Berndt Sara , Street Steven , Haden Catherine , Greenslade Jaimi , McMahon Katie , Mitchell Gary , Kerr Graham 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Exercise rehabilitation for post-concussion symptoms (PCS) has shown benefits, but a synthesis of evidence has been lacking. This systematic review aimed to review the evidence from randomised control trials (RCTs) of exercise-only interventions for PCS and identify the most promising parameters for further investigation.
Data Selection: Electronic databases (CINAHL, EBSCOhost, MEDLINE, etc) and trial registries (ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global Database, etc) were searched from inception to November 2020. Keyword searches was carried out using terms specifying “mild traumatic brain injury”, “post-concussion symptoms”, and “exercise”. Only RCTs using solely exercise interventions and published in English were considered. Studies with multi-disciplinary interventions were excluded. Two independent researchers screened and reviewed the literature. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane’s Risk-of-Bias-2 tool. Eight studies were identified for the final review.
Data Synthesis: The review found moderate support for exercise interventions to be effective in treating PCS. Based on the 8 studies, exercise programs that led to favourable outcomes commenced after an initial period of rest for 24-48 hours post-concussion, used progressive aerobic exercise for at least 4 times a week for 10-15 minutes during each session, required an intensity of at least 50% of the heart rate of the sub-symptom threshold, and lasted for at least 4 weeks or resolution of symptoms.
Conclusions: Exercise rehabilitation for PCS may be beneficial but further research is required on wider population groups apart from adolescents and athletes before more generalised recommendations can be made.
A-295 Visuospatial Skills of Adolescents Involved in Prostitution
Authors: Sipan Irene , Delano Nicole , Colon Juan , Nolty Anne A T , Amano Stacy S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Adolescents involved in prostitution are exposed to traumatic experiences with long-term adverse effects including symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Maltreated children tend to perform poorly on tasks of visuospatial orientation. We hypothesized that adolescents who had been involved in prostitution would have weak visuospatial skills and that those with a diagnosis of PTSD would have worse visuospatial skills than those without a diagnosis of PTSD.
Method: Due to academic concerns, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was conducted in a community mental health center with 22 adolescents (21 female and one trans to female) who had been involved in prostitution. Visuospatial skills were measured using the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF). IQ ranged from 72 to 112 (M = 85.4, SD = 13.27). Sixteen out of the 22 participants were diagnosed with PTSD.
Results: Adolescents involved in prostitution scored significantly lower on the copying trial of the ROCF (M = 24.2, SD = 7.89) than the normative sample (M = 33.6, SD = 2.98), t = -5.60, p &lt;.001. However, the results revealed no significant difference on ROCF copy scores between participants diagnosed with PTSD (M = 24.69, SD = 6.41) and those not diagnosed with PTSD (M = 22.84, SD = 11.62), F(1, 20) = 0.23, p = 0.64, even controlling for age and intellectual functioning.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that adolescents who experienced the trauma of prostitution may have deficiencies in visuospatial functioning, regardless of PTSD diagnosis. Thus they may distort environmental information, leading to poor decision-making.
A-297 Analysis of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) Cortical-Subcortical Deviation Index and Subtest Scores in Differentiating Between Cortical and Subcortical Dementia Profiles
Authors: Cecil Audrey L , Smotherman Jesse M , Glayat Kathryn , Arredondo Beth , Boettcher Anneliese , Brickell Emily 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study examines the utility, both broadly and at the subtest level, of the cortical-subcortical index (CSI) of the RBANS in classifying cortical and subcortical cognitive profiles.
Methods: Outpatients in a southeast hospital were grouped by diagnosis: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD, n=33; age=77.03[6.04], ed=13.55[2.58], 88% female, 91% Caucasian), Subcortical (n=36, age=72.17[11.51], ed=12.63[3.70], 50% female, 75% Caucasian) and No Diagnosis (n=30, age=71.97[5.59], ed=13.24[3.04], 80% female, 70% Caucasian). The CSI formula ([visuospatial construction + attention]/2]–[delayed memory + language]/2)) was calculated for patients. Groups were compared on CSI score using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD. ROC analysis was used to identify CSI cutoff that optimizes classification. Independent t-tests for subtests comprising the CSI were run comparing Cortical/Subcortical groups, with stepwise regression to evaluate significant subtests.
Results: CSI differed significantly between groups (F[2, 96]=30.58, p&lt;.001]). Tukey’s HSD found CSI was significantly different between Cortical/Subcortical (p&lt;.001, 95% CI=16.38, 31.27) and Cortical/No Diagnosis (p&lt;.001, 95% CI=9.62, 25.20), but not Subcortical/No Diagnosis (p=.118, 95% CI=-14.04, 1.22). ROC yielded a CSI cutoff of &lt;-1 for optimal classification (AUC=.888, SE .039, p&lt;.001, 95%CI .813-.964, Sensitivity=.750, Specificity=.909). Independent t-tests resulted in significance in 6 subtests. Stepwise regression using significant subtests revealed the best CSI-prediction model explained 28% of the variance (F[1,111]=44.06, p&lt;.001) and included only List Recall (B=-2.96, p&lt;.001).
Conclusions: CSI’s accuracy in classifying Cortical from Subcortical profiles was 81.6% using a cut score of -1. List Recall accounted for most of the variance in the CSI. Limitations included small sample size and using RBANS scores to determine original diagnostic category.