bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Sequencing Analyses Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Sanguisorba officinalis Against Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Weijia , Sang Shuyi , Peng Chang , Li George Q. , Ou Ling , Feng Zhong , Zou Yuanjing , Yuan Yuemei , Yao Meicun 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant cancer worldwide. Sanguisorba officinalis has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects, while its molecular mechanism against CRC remains unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the underlying mechanism of S. officinalis against CRC cell lines using network pharmacology and transcriptomic sequencing methods.MethodFirstly, the active ingredients and potential targets of S. officinalis against CRC were screened from databases. Secondly, the networks of ingredient–target, ingredient–target–CRC and protein–protein interaction were constructed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of network pharmacology and transcriptomic sequencing were performed. Finally, the effect of S. officinalis against CRC was verified by in vitro experiments.ResultsIn total, 14 active ingredients and 273 potential targets against CRC were identified in S. officinalis by network pharmacology. PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK signaling pathways related to cell proliferation were regulated by S. officinalis in enrichment analyses and transcriptomic sequencing. In vitro, S. officinalis inhibited the proliferation and migration of CRC cells and arrested the cell cycle at the G0–G1 phase. The western blot showed that S. officinalis downregulated the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, HIF-1A, VEGFA, cyclin D1, c-Myc, and p-MAPK proteins in CRC cells.ConclusionIn conclusion, network pharmacology and transcriptomic sequencing analyses, in combination with in vitro studies, have been successfully applied to study the underlying mechanism of S. officinalis against CRC cells. Our results demonstrate that S. officinalis suppresses the proliferation, survival, and migration of CRC cells through regulating the PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK signaling pathways.
Survival of Patients With UrAC and Primary BAC and Urothelial Carcinoma With Glandular Differentiation
Authors: Wang Tao , Lv Zheng , Feng Huayi , Li Jinlong , Cui Bo , Yang Yang , Huang Xing , Zhang Xiangyi , Li Xintao , Ma Xin 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo investigate the significance of demographic and pathological characteristics on the survival outcomes of urachal adenocarcinoma (UrAC), primary bladder adenocarcinoma (BAC) and urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation (UCGD) in China.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed cases with non-distant metastases (≤ T4M0). Of 106 patients, 30 (28.3%), 40 (37.7%), and 36 (34.0%) met the criteria for UrAC, primary BAC, and UCGD, respectively. Data on patient demographics, tumor pathology, and survival outcomes were collected. The median follow-up was 36 months. Survival was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression.ResultsPatients with UrAC were younger (51.87 ± 15.25 years) than those with primary BAC (60.50 ± 12.56 years) and UCGD (63.83 ± 11.60 years) (P&lt;0.001). Patients with UrAC were the most likely to be stage T3–4 (70.0% vs. 40.0% vs. 44.4%; P&lt;0.001), while the primary BAC group had a higher rate of poor differentiation than the UrAC and UCGD groups (57.4% vs. 18.5% vs. 24.1%; P&lt;0.001). The Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) of the primary BAC group were poorer than those of both the UrAC and UCGD groups (P=0.0046,P&lt;0.0001,P=0.0077 respectively). Regarding BAC, patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma tended to have better OS and PFS than those with other histological types (P&lt;0.005,P=0.0245). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor type (P=0.002), T stage (P=0.034), and the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) scores (P=0.005) predicted the postoperative OS and DSS of the patients. For PFS, the tumor type (P=0.011), grade (P=0.000), and aCCI (P=0.002) scores were predictive.ConclusionAmong UrAC, primary BAC, and UCGD patients, the prognosis was poorest for those with primary BAC. Attempts should be made to diagnose these aggressive tumors early, since patients in whom tumors are detected early appear to survive longer.
Electric Insulating Irrigations Mitigates Esophageal Injury Caused by Button Battery Ingestion
Authors: Jia Wenyuan , Xu Guanghui , Xie Jiangang , Zhen Luming , Chen Mengsha , He Chuangye , Yuan Xulong , Yu Chaoping , Fang Ying , Tie Jun , Wei Haidong 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveAccidental ingestion of button batteries (BB), usually occurred in children and infants, will rapidly erode the esophagus and result in severe complications, even death. It has been recommended that treatment of this emergent accident as soon as possible with drinking of pH-neutralizing viscous solutions such as honey and sucralfate before surgical removal can mitigate the esophageal injury. Recently, we reported that the electric insulating solutions such as edible oils could mitigate tissue damage in BB-exposed esophageal segments. In this study, we compared the protective effect of kitchen oil with honey or sucralfate, the recommended pH-neutralizing beverages, and with their mixture on esophageal injury caused by BB ingestion in pig esophageal segments and in living piglets.MethodsEffect of olive oil irrigations was compared to that of honey or sucralfate irrigations in the BB-damaged esophageal segments freshly collected from the local abattoir and in live Bama miniature piglets with the proximal esophagus exposed to BB for 60 min. Also, the effect of olive oil and honey mixture (MOH) irrigations was assessed in live animals. The BB voltage was recorded before insertion and after its removal. Gross and histological analysis of the esophageal injury was performed after BB exposure in segmented fresh esophagus and 7 days after BB exposure in live animals, respectively.ResultsOlive oil irrigations demonstrated better protective effect against BB-induced esophageal damage, compared to honey or sucralfate for BB-induced esophageal damage in vitro. But in vivo study showed that olive oil alone exacerbated esophageal injury because all esophagi irrigated with olive oil perforated. Surprisingly, irrigations with the MOH showed considerable protective effect for BB-induced esophageal damage in live animals, significantly better than irrigations with honey alone. The MOH decreased BB discharge, reduced area of surface injury, attenuated injured depth of esophageal wall thickness, and downed the mucosal injury index in comparison to using honey alone.ConclusionIrrigations with olive oil alone couldn’t prevent the BB discharge and is harmful for BB ingestion before surgical removal. However, mixed with honey, olive oil very effectively prevents the BB discharging and produces better esophageal protection than honey.
Less Timely Initiation of Glucose-Lowering Medication Among Younger and Male Patients With Diabetes and Similar Initiation of Blood Pressure-Lowering Medication Across Age and Sex: Trends Between 2015 and 2020
Authors: Ambrož Martina , de Vries Sieta T. , Hoogenberg Klaas , Denig Petra 
Published: May 2022

Aims: We aimed to assess trends in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) thresholds at initiation of glucose- and blood pressure-lowering medication among patients with type 2 diabetes and assess the influence of age and sex on these trends.Materials and Methods: We used the Groningen Initiative to ANalyze Type 2 diabetes Treatment (GIANTT) primary care database. Patients initiating a first non-insulin glucose-lowering or any blood pressure-lowering medication between 2015 and 2020 with an HbA1c or SBP measurement in the 120 days before initiation were included. We used multilevel regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders to assess the influence of calendar year, age or sex, and the interaction between calendar year and age or sex on trends in HbA1c and SBP thresholds at initiation of medication.Results: We included 2,671 and 2,128 patients in the analyses of HbA1c and SBP thresholds, respectively. The overall mean HbA1c threshold at initiation of glucose-lowering medication significantly increased from 7.4% in 2015 to 8.0% in 2020 (p &lt; 0.001), and particularly in the younger age groups. Compared to patients ≥80 years, patients aged 60–69 years initiated medication at lower levels mainly in the early years. Patients &lt;60 years and between 70–79 years initiated medication at similar levels as patients ≥80 years. Females initiated medication at lower levels than males throughout the study period (p &lt; 0.001). The mean SBP threshold at initiation of blood pressure-lowering medication varied from 145 to 149 mmHg without a clear trend (p = 0.676). There were no differences in SBP thresholds between patients of different ages or sex.Conclusion: The rising trend in the HbA1c threshold for initiating glucose-lowering medication in the lower age groups was unexpected and requires further investigation. Males appear to receive less timely initiation of glucose-lowering medication than females. The lack of higher thresholds for the oldest age group or lower thresholds for the youngest age group in recent years is not in line with the age-related recommendations for personalized diabetes care and calls for health systems interventions.
Intracardiac Inverse Potential Mapping Using the Method of Fundamental Solutions
Authors: Meng Shu , Sunderland Nicholas , Chamorro-Servent Judit , Bear Laura R. , Lever Nigel A. , Sands Gregory B. , LeGrice Ian J. , Gillis Anne M. , Zhao Jichao , Budgett David M. , Smaill Bruce H. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac dysrhythmia and percutaneous catheter ablation is widely used to treat it. Panoramic mapping with multi-electrode catheters can identify ablation targets in persistent AF, but is limited by poor contact and inadequate coverage.Objective: To investigate the accuracy of inverse mapping of endocardial surface potentials from electrograms sampled with noncontact basket catheters.Methods: Our group has developed a computationally efficient inverse 3D mapping technique using a meshless method that employs the Method of Fundamental Solutions (MFS). An in-silico test bed was used to compare ground-truth surface potentials with corresponding inverse maps reconstructed from noncontact potentials sampled with virtual catheters. Ground-truth surface potentials were derived from high-density clinical contact mapping data and computer models.Results: Solutions of the intracardiac potential inverse problem with the MFS are robust, fast and accurate. Endocardial surface potentials can be faithfully reconstructed from noncontact recordings in real-time if the geometry of cardiac surface and the location of electrodes relative to it are known. Larger catheters with appropriate electrode density are needed to resolve complex reentrant atrial rhythms.Conclusion: Real-time panoramic potential mapping is feasible with noncontact intracardiac catheters using the MFS.Significance: Accurate endocardial potential maps can be reconstructed in AF with appropriately designed noncontact multi-electrode catheters.
Effectiveness of Interventions on Improving Balance in Children and Adolescents With Hearing Impairment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhou Yan , Qi Jing 
Published: May 2022

Although children and adolescents with hearing impairment are at risks of falls from balance problems, reliable information on effects of interventions are scare. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to systematically summarize studies on the evidence of interventions to improve balance ability in children and adolescents with hearing impairment. A systematic literature search was conducted on five major electronic databases. Studies were included if: 1) interventions or trials focusing on improving balance in children and adolescents with hearing impairment; 2) research targeting children with hearing impairment (samples with a mean age below 18 years); 3) studies were published in English peer-reviewed journals due to language barriers and resource limitations; and 4) study designs were randomized controlled trial or quasi-experiment. A nine-item tool adapted from the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement was used to assess the quality of the studies. Through the search strategy, 373 articles were identified, and 15 studies published between 1981 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies reviewed were categorized as medium or low quality, and only three were identified as high quality. Exercise interventions were adopted in 80% of the included studies, whereas studies that employed music + vibration, motor, and game as the intervention modalities accounted for the remaining 20.0%. The results of this review showed that the included trials with exercise interventions had a positive influence on the balance among children and adolescents with hearing impairment (the post-intervention scores were significantly higher than the pre-intervention or the control group scores). In addition, the interventions with duration of 8–16 weeks were more effective than those with less than 8 weeks. However, due to most of the reviewed studies were of low methodological quality, the trials results analyzed by this systematic review should be interpreted with caution. Further investigations of high-quality studies are therefore needed to prove the effectiveness of interventions on improving balance performance in children and adolescents with hearing impairment.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], PROSPERO [308803].
Physiology and Transcriptomics Analysis Reveal the Contribution of Lungs on High-Altitude Hypoxia Adaptation in Tibetan Sheep
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Zhao Fangfang , Hu Jiang , Wang Jiqing , Liu Xiu , Zhao Zhidong , Xi Qiming , Sun Hongxian , Li Shaobin , Luo Yuzhu 
Published: May 2022

The Tibetan sheep is an indigenous species on the Tibetan plateau with excellent adaptability to high-altitude hypoxia and is distributed at altitudes of 2500–5000 m. The high-altitude hypoxia adaptation of Tibetan sheep requires adaptive reshaping of multiple tissues and organs, especially the lungs. To reveal the mechanisms of adaptation at the tissue and molecular levels in the lungs of Tibetan sheep under hypoxic conditions at different altitudes, we performed light and electron microscopic observations, transcriptomic sequencing, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies on the lungs of Tibetan sheep from three altitudes (2500, 3500, and 4500 m). The results showed that in addition to continuous increase in pulmonary artery volume, thickness, and elastic fiber content with altitude, Tibetan sheep increase the hemoglobin concentration at an altitude of 3500 m, while they decrease the Hb concentration and increase the surface area of gas exchange and capacity of the blood at an altitude of 4500 m. Other than that, some important differentially expressed genes related to angiogenesis (FNDC1, HPSE, and E2F8), vasomotion and fibrogenesis (GJA4, FAP, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, and COL14A1), and gas transport (HBB, HBA1, APOLD1, and CHL1) were also identified; these discoveries at the molecular level explain to some extent the physiological findings. In conclusion, the lungs of Tibetan sheep adopt different strategies when adapting to different altitudes, and these findings are valuable for understanding the basis of survival of indigenous species on the Tibetan plateau.
Mediating Role of Resourcefulness in the Relationship Between Illness Uncertainty and Poststroke Depression
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Hongxia , Lin Beibei , Ning Liuqiao , Liu Danman , Li Jufang 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo examine the association between illness uncertainty, resourcefulness, and poststroke depression (PSD) and identifies whether stroke patients’ resourcefulness plays a mediating role in the relationship between illness uncertainty and PSD.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to April 2021. A convenience sample of 355 stroke patients was recruited. A general characteristic questionnaire, the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, the Resourcefulness Scale (RS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to obtain data. Descriptive analysis, Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, chi-squared test, hierarchical regression analyses, Pearson correlation analysis, and mediation analysis with the PROCESS macro were used to analyze the data.ResultsIllness uncertainty, resourcefulness, and PSD were significantly related to each other. Resourcefulness partially mediated the relationship between illness uncertainty and PSD.ConclusionIllness uncertainty and resourcefulness were significantly associated with PSD, and resourcefulness played a mediating role between illness uncertainty and PSD. Interventions designed to reduce illness uncertainty and enhance resourcefulness may contribute to the prevention and improvement of PSD.
A Greater Intrinsic, but Not External, Motivation Toward Physical Activity Is Associated With a Lower Sitting Time
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Samad , Rodriquez-Negro Josune , Pesola Arto J. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundBoth reducing sitting and increasing physical exercise promote health but exercising more does not necessarily reduce sitting time. One reason for this non-dependency may be that different aspects of exercise motivation are differently related to sitting time. Identifying the type of exercise motivation that would also be associated with sitting time can help to reduce sitting indirectly through increased exercise, thus bringing greater benefits.MethodsThe present study explored the association between quality of motivations toward physical activity with physical activity and sitting time in a total of 373 adults (age range = 23–81; women n = 256). The short version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for measuring physical activity and sitting time. Reasons for exercising regularly were measured with the Self-Regulated Questionnaire–Exercise (SRQ-E), including four regulation subscales to assess regulation styles (i.e., intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation and external regulation). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the four subscales of SRQ-E (latent variables) with the data obtained using AMOS v.23 (Analysis of Moment Structures). Then, structural equation model (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimates was used to test the hypothesized model.ResultsThe results indicated that only intrinsic motivation, but not identified, introjected or external motivation, toward physical activity predicted both physical activity and sitting time. Higher intrinsic motivation toward physical activity was associated with both higher physical activity and lower sitting time. In addition, physical activity was a mediator for lower sitting time when the source was intrinsic motivation.ConclusionPrevious studies have shown low between and within participant correlation between sitting time and physical activity, and interventions have generally failed to both increase physical activity while decreasing sitting time. The present cross-sectional results suggest that targeting increased physical activity by increased intrinsic motivation has the potential to both increase physical activity and decrease sitting time.
Comparison of Patterns of Non-suicidal Self-Injury and Emotion Dysregulation Across Mood Disorder Subtypes
Authors: Yang So Yung , Lee Dongbin , Jeong Hyewon , Cho Yunji , Ahn Jae Eun , Hong Kyung Sue , Baek Ji Hyun 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is frequently encountered in patients with mood disorders. Emotion dysregulation (ED), frequently observed in mood disorders, could be a major mediating factor in NSSI. The aim of this study was to explore differences in NSSI behavior and ED across mood disorder subtypes. The relationships between childhood trauma and NSSI and ED were also explored.MethodsA total of 191 patients with mood disorders were included in this study. The patterns of NSSI behavior and ED across patients with bipolar I disorder (BD-I), bipolar II disorder (BD-II), and major depressive disorder (MDD) were compared.ResultsMore than half (54%) of the subjects experienced NSSI. Patients with BD-II and MDD engaged in NSSI behavior more frequently than those diagnosed with BD-I. NSSI behaviors in patients with BD-II most commonly included cutting, whereas hitting behaviors were most common among other groups. Patients with BD-II and MDD reported more severe ED than those with BD-I. In the case of childhood trauma, those with BD-II and MDD reported greater emotional neglect than those with BD-I. Structural equation modeling revealed that ED mediated the association between childhood trauma and NSSI.ConclusionBD-I was associated with less frequent NSSI behavior and less severe ED than BD-II and MDD. ED mediated the association between childhood trauma and NSSI. Promoting emotion regulation strategies could prevent NSSI behavior in patients with mood disorders.
Dropout Rates in Psychosocial Interventions for People With Both Severe Mental Illness and Substance Misuse: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bouchard Marianne , Lecomte Tania , Cloutier Briana , Herrera-Roberge Jessica , Potvin Stéphane 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionOver the years, many psychosocial interventions for individual having both a psychotic spectrum disorder and a substance use disorder diagnoses have been developed and studied. However, there is a high dropout rate among this clinical population.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis aims to replicate a previous meta-analysis on the effects of psychosocial treatment for dual disorders, while including and determining the dropout rates in those type of interventions.MethodBased on a Cochrane systematic review conducted in 2019, we conducted a meta-analysis including 40 randomized clinical trials on psychosocial treatment among persons suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder and substance use disorder.ResultsA dropout rate of 27,2% was obtained. Stimulants use significantly affected dropout rates. Age, gender, diagnosis, alcohol and cannabis abuse, and duration of treatment did not affect dropout rates.ConclusionThe 27,2% rate of dropout from psychosocial treatment highlights the need to engage participants having a dual diagnosis from the start by focusing on therapeutic alliance and motivation for treatment.