bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of phenolic compounds production in callus cultures of Cereus hildmannianus (K.) Schum. by elicitation
Authors: Santos Éverton da Silva , Cabral Marcia Regina Pereira , Silva Thaila Fernanda Oliveira da , Machado Maria de Fátima Pires da Silva , Mangolin Claudete Aparecida , de Oliveira Arildo José Braz , Gonçalves Regina Aparecida Correia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Cereus hildmannianus (Cactaceae) is a medicinal plant with various pharmacological and industrial applications. Plant biotechnology is an attractive approach for specialized metabolites production under controlled conditions, with the elicitation process being considered a highly effective strategy for increasing the production of bioactive compounds. In this regard, the present study investigated the effects of elicitors, sucrose (S, 1–8 g L− 1), UV-C light (UV-C, 10–80 min), salicylic acid (SA, 50–200 µmol), and jasmonic acid (JA, 50–200 µmol), on the profile of esterase isozymes, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS), and the dereplication method by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The isozyme profile was not significantly changed. The greatest accumulations of total phenolics were observed in callus tissues induced with 100 µmol JA (390.8), 200 µmol SA (355.5), 20 min UV-C (182.9), and 6 g L− 1 S (122.1 µg mg− 1 DW); the greatest concentrations of total flavonoids were observed following culture with 200 µmol SA (89.8) and 2 g L− 1 S (28.4 µg mg− 1 DW). Furthermore, the dereplication study allowed putative identification of thirty-six compounds (thirty phenolic and organic acids, and six flavonoids). The greatest antioxidant activities were obtained with callus tissues induced with 100 µmol JA, 200 µmol SA, 80 min UV-C, and 1 g L− 1 S. The elicitors were able to alter the production of phenolic compounds in callus cultures of C. hildmannianus. These results are promising for the clean and sustainable bioproduction of bioactive molecules for pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical purposes, prioritizing the conservation of the species.
Global digital elevation models for terrain morphology analysis in mountain environments: insights on Copernicus GLO-30 and ALOS AW3D30 for a large Alpine area
Authors: Trevisani Sebastiano , Skrypitsyna T. N. , Florinsky I. V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This study focuses on the quality evaluation of two of the best 1 arc-second public global digital elevation models (DEMs), Copernicus GLO-30 DEM and ALOS AW3D30 DSM, from the perspective of their capability to represent the terrain morphology of a complex alpine landscape, located in the alpine Trentino Province, in the Italian Alps. The analysis is performed on an area of 6210 km2, considering a reference DEM derived from a high resolution and accurate airborne Lidar DEM. The quality assessment includes, in addition to a conventional analysis of error statistics on a pixels-by-pixel basis, an ad-hoc analysis on the capability to represent the fine-scale morphology and local roughness. The quality analysis is performed considering the influence of local morphology and of the different land covers. The findings show that the two global DEMs have comparable overall quality, but the relative performances change according to local landscape characteristics. Copernicus DEM performance is on average better than ALOS in correspondence of urbanized areas as well in areas without vegetation cover, with gentle slopes and relatively low short-range roughness. ALOS DEM performance is slightly better than Copernicus in rougher terrain and steeper slopes. In general, both DEMs have poor performances in steep slopes, with a limited capability to describe correctly local morphology. The adoption of these global DEMs for terrain analysis and modelling of earth surface processes should be performed carefully, taking into account the impact of different land covers and of local morphology, including surface roughness.
Outcomes of two different treatment modalities in mild to moderate keratoconus
Authors: Khalafallah Ahmed M , Abdelkader Mohamed F. , Sabry Ahmed M , Khairat Yahia M , Abdelghany Ahmed A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
To describe visual and refractive outcomes of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) and toric implantable collamer lenses (TICL) implantation in cases of mild and moderate keratoconus.
Methods:
A prospective descriptive interventional case series. 40 eyes were allocated into two groups. First group (20 eyes) was treated with corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) 1 month after ICRS implantation and the second group was treated using TICL after 1 year of CXL.
Results:
Both groups showed statistically significant improvement in spherical equivalent, cylindrical refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over the follow-up period.
Conclusion:
Both ICRS and TICL are effective in treatment of mid and moderate keratoconus with more predictable visual results with TICL.
Experimental study on pollution release and sediment scour of sewage sediments in drainage pipe considering incubation time
Authors: Zhang Yijie , Zhang Jian , Zhu David Z. , Qian Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The pollution release and the anti-scourability characteristics of the pipe sewage sediments can directly determine the blockage status of pipeline and treatment burden at the terminal (sewage treatment plant). In this study, the sewer environment under different buried depths was designed to explore the impact of incubation time on the physicochemical characteristics, pollution release effect and anti-scouring ability of the silted sediment in the drainage pipe. The results show that, incubation time, sediment matrix, temperature and dissolved oxygen can affect microbial activity, but temperature has a greater influence. These factors affect microbial activity and loosen the superstructure in the sediment. In addition, by measuring the indexes of nitrogen and phosphorus in the overlying water, it was found that the sediment incubated for a certain time can release pollutants to the overlying water, and the release amount was obviously affected by high temperature (e.g., 35 ℃). After a certain time (e.g., 30 days), biofilms appear on the sediment surface, and the anti-scourability of sediment was significantly improved, which was reflected in the increase of the median particle size of sediment left in the pipe.
The Smoothing Method for DNA Methylome Analysis Identifies Highly Accurate Epigenomic Signatures in Epigenome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Oussalah Abderrahim , Trégouët David-Alexandre , Guéant Jean-Louis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The genome-wide assessment of the DNA methylome has revolutionized our comprehension of epigenome alterations linked to complex human traits and diseases. The ability of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) to translate into biologically meaningful results relies on detecting epigenomic signatures with a high level of statistical certainty. However, the classical analyses of EWAS are prone to statistical inflation and bias, leading to spurious associations, particularly in case series with small sample sizes, such as those analyzing patients with rare inherited disorders. Based on the co-methylation pattern of CpG dinucleotides within the CpG islands, we propose the smoothing method at the genome-wide level through a sliding window approach to calculate and visualize data from EWAS to decipher the most informative epigenetic alterations of EWAS with a high degree of accuracy.
Results: The smoothing method is a simple method that identifies epigenomic signatures with a high degree of certainty while controlling the risk of spurious findings outside the significant loci at a genome-wide level. We have systematically compared the smoothing method with a classical supervised approach in several EWAS settings, including two monogenic epigenetic diseases (epi-cblC and primary constitutional MLH1epimutation) and epigenetic predictors of aging. In the latter example, we showed that the smoothing method remained efficient even after applying an 80% reduction of the original sample size.
Conclusions:
The smoothing method for DNA methylation analyses is based on the biological correlate of the epigenome structure and identifies highly accurate epigenomic signatures in DNA methylation analyses. Its application to several settings of epigenome-wide analyses confirmed its usefulness for deciphering the most informative epigenomic signatures with a high degree of certainty while controlling the risk of spurious findings outside the significant loci at a genome-wide level.
Our results suggest revisiting EWAS by applying the smoothing method to already available datasets to re-analyze and potentially identify highly accurate epigenomic signatures that could translate into biologically meaningful results.
Substance Abuse among Commercial Bus Drivers in Umuahia, Abia State, South-Eastern Nigeria: an uncontrolled “epidemic” with attendant road traffic crashes
Authors: Oluyemisi Akande Roseline , Olufunminiyi Akande Joel , Babatunde Olaniyan Akintunde , Olajumoke Ajayi Adeola , Amos Ajayi Akindele , Olabisi Ige Roseline , Shittu Saliu Ajedotun , Akande Abayomi , Olatunji Muideen Babatunde 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background information:
The unprecedented depletion of the productive workforce has been majorly attributed to road traffic crashes (RTCs). The attendant consequences of this depletion have been found to constitute a serious public health challenge across the globe, with the use of psychoactive substances among drivers implicated in every three out of five motor vehicle accidents. Hence, this study assessed the pattern and explored the determinants of substance abuse among commercial bus drivers in Umuahia, Abia State.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study. A total of 400 commercial bus drivers were recruited from selected motor parks in Abia-state, using a multistage sampling technique. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS, and the level of significance was set at 0.05.
Results
The mean age of the respondents was 40.03 ± 10.50 years. The proportion of respondents who had ever used a psychoactive substance was 74.3%. The most commonly abused substances among drivers include alcohol (51%), cigarettes (27%), and alcoholic herbal mixtures (16%). The study participants had poor knowledge (54.5%) and poor perception (63.2%) about pyschoactive substance abuse. Among the factors found to be significantly associated with substance use among respondents were ethnicity (p = 0.002), religion (p = 0.009) and monthly income (p = 0.013) of the respondents, poor knowledge (p < 0.001) and poor perception (p < 0.001). However, this study found religion (p = 0.031; OR = 5.469; CI = 1.170 to 25.555), knowledge (p < 0.001; OR = 4.21; CI = 2.201 to 8.287) and perception (p < 0.001; OR = 9.828; CI = 15.572 to 65.052) as determinants of substance use abuse.
Conclusion
Religion, along with poor knowledge and poor perception, were the major determinants of substance abuse among commercial bus drivers. Targeting commercial bus drivers for educational interventions as well as using religious leaders as conveyor belts may therefore reduce the use of psychoactive substances among them.
Chronological measurement of cytotoxic CD8 T cell activity using a bioluminescence-based cell viability assay
Authors: Hayashi Ryota , Nakatani Hayato , Kawahata Hinami , Fujie Ryonosuke , Kurowarabe Kaoru , Hayasaka Haruko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are an effector subset of activated CD8 T cells that play important role in the antitumor immune response. Although CTL cytotoxicity has been studied in vitro using various experimental protocols in which responder CTLs are added to kill the target tumor cells, methodologies for monitoring CTL activity in chronological order have not been fully developed. We attempted to develop a method for measuring CTL activity is measured using a real-time luminometer.
Methods
Splenocytes from B16-F10-bearing mice were harvested and cultured with mouse melanoma B16-F10 or Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the efficiency of CTL expansion in terms of the frequency of CD44+ and CD62L− cells in CD8+ cell subsets. CTL activity was assessed using a firefly luciferase-based bioluminescence method with splenic CD8 cells as the responder and luciferase-expressing cells as the target.
Results
The in vitro coculture of B16-F10-bearing spleen cells with B16-F10 cells produced a higher percentage of CTLs than with LLC cells, indicating that B16-F10-specific CTLs proliferated from tumor-bearing spleen cells. According to the time-lapse analysis the bioluminescence signal of luciferase-expressing B16-F10 cells was inhibited after 48 h by in vitro cultured CD8 cells derived from melanoma B16-F10-bearing mouse spleens, suggesting that B16-F10-reactive CTLs suppressed the target cell growth.
Conclusion
This simple bioluminescence-based assay is a useful method for monitoring the time course of CTL activity on the growth inhibition of luciferase-expressing cells.
Fine-mapping and candidate gene analysis of the Mcgy1 locus responsible for gynoecy in bitter gourd (Momordica spp.)
Authors: zhong jian , Cui Junjie , Liu Jia , Zhong Chunfeng , Hu Fang , Dong Jichi , Cheng Jiaowen , Hu Kailin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gynoecy plays an important role in high-efficiency hybrid seed production, and gynoecious plants are excellent materials for dissecting sex differentiation in Cucurbitaceae crop species, including bitter gourd. However, the gene responsible for gynoecy in bitter gourd is unknown. Here, we first identified a gynoecy locus designated Mcgy1 using the F2 population (n=291) crossed from the gynoecious line S156G and the monoecious line K8-201 via bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome resequencing and molecular marker linkage analysis. Then, a large S156G×K8-201 F2 population (n=5,656) was used for fine-mapping to delimit the Mcgy1 locus into a 292.70-kb physical region on pseudochromosome MC01, which did not include any homologous gynoecy genes previously reported in Cucurbitaceae species. Furthermore, a novel gene, MC01g1681, which encodes a cytidine triphosphate synthase, was considered the underlying gene of Mcgy1 on the basis of the results of RNA sequencing, multiple genomic sequence variation and expression analyses. In addition, transcriptome analysis of S156G and its monoecious near-isogenic line S156 revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of the formation of gynoecy in bitter gourd. Our findings provide a new insight into inheritance modes of gynoecious plants in Cucurbitaceae species and a theoretical basis for breeding gynoecious bitter gourd lines by the use of molecular markers.
Genomic Profiling of lower-grade gliomas subtype with distinct molecular and clinicopathologic characteristics via altered DNA-damage repair features
Authors: Maimaiti Aierpati , Liu Yanwen , Wang Xixian , Feng Zhaohai , Wang Jiaming , Xie Zhihao , Mijiti Maimaitili , Turhon Mirzat , Alimu Nilipaer , Liang Wenbao , Jiang Lei , Pei Yinan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Lower WHO grade II and III gliomas (LGGs) are characterized by widespread genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity, yet little is known about the heterogeneity of the DNA Damage Repair (DDR), its function in tumor biology, coupling with the transcriptome and tumor microenvironment (TM) and its possible impact for tumor development.
Methods: In this study, we analyzed gene expression profiles downloaded from TCGA, CGGA, and GEO databases. The DNA damage repair (DDR) alterations among LGG have been studied via multi-omics data integration. For this, LGG patients have been grouped into distinct subtypes (DDR-activated and the DDR-suppressed subtype) based on different clinicalparameters and molecular characteristics. The differences in gene mutation, immune spectrum, and immune cell infiltration between the two DDR subtypes were compared. We generated DDR subtype features (DDR scores) to implement DDR classification in LGG and confirmed the results using a multi-layer data cohort. In addition, the characteristics of DDR subtypes predicted by immunotherapy responses and their roles in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) were explored.
Result: The DDR activation subgroup was found to be associated with poorer overall survival based on molecular subtypes, and clinicopathological features of advanced-age and higher-grade were more common in the DDR-activated subgroup. DDR-suppressed subtypes also exhibited more frequent mutations in IDH1. We also found significant upregulation of activated immune cells in the DDR-activated subgroup, which indicates significant influence posed by infiltration of immune cells on tumor progression as well as immunotherapeutic responses. In addition, six DDR genes were selected to construct a DDR signature of LGG, dividing patients into low- and high-risk groups. Within the IMvigor210 cohort, there were fewer CR/PR groups in the high-score patients, as well as concomitant shorter survival times. CR/PR group had higher DDR characteristics scores compared to the SD/PD group. QRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of CDK1, CDK2, TYMS, SMC4, and WEE1 were found to be considerably higher for LGG samples compared to normal brain tissue samples (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our work sheds light on the DDR heterogeneity of LGG and advances our knowledge of the molecular pathways in DDR that lead to LGG.
An Evaluation Model of Autonomy Levels in Manufacturing and its Features
Authors: Mo Fan , Monetti Fabio Marco , Torayev Agajan , Rehman Hamood Ur , Alberola Jose A. Mulet , Minango Nathaly Rea , Nguyen Hien Ngoc , Maffei Antonio , Chaplin Jack C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Modern manufacturing has to cope with dynamic and changing circumstances. Market fluctuations, the effects caused by unpredictable material shortages, highly variable product demand, and worker availability all require system robustness, flexibility, and resilience. To adapt to these new requirements, manufacturers should consider investigating, investing in, and implementing system autonomy.
Autonomy is being adopted in multiple industrial contexts, but divergences arise when formalising the concept of autonomous systems. To develop an implementation of autonomous manufacturing systems it is essential to specify what autonomy means, how autonomous manufacturing systems are different from other autonomous systems, and how autonomous manufacturing systems are identified and achieved through the main features and enabling technologies.
With a comprehensive literature review, this paper provides a definition of autonomy in the manufacturing context, infers the features of autonomy from different engineering domains, and presents a five-level model of autonomy -- associated with maturity levels for the features -- to ensure the complete identification and evaluation of autonomous manufacturing systems. The paper also presents the evaluation of a real autonomous system that serves as a use-case and a validation of the model.
Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among parents of children with autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders in Saudi Arabia.
Authors: saad Ali Jawad Al , Alhassan Ghadeer Mohammed , Albedaiwi Maryam Saleh , Alqattan Fatimah Fathi , Alessa Fatimah Ali , Abdulmohsen Hawra Wasel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination may be less common among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aimed to explore the beliefs and willingness of parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders about COVID-19 vaccine and understand how certain factors influencing the vaccine decision-making process differ between them and other parents’ groups.
Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted between August to November 2021. 400 parents from all 6 major regions in Saudi Arabia participated in an Arabic online survey and shared their beliefs about the new COVID-19 vaccination for their children.
Results: The Cronbach alpha for Arabic version score was 0.71. 381 participants were eligible to answer the survey (95.2%) from 400 participants. The total number of parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorder was 158 (41.5%). 85 (53.8%) of them were ready to vaccinate their children with COVID-19 vaccine. While 36 (22.8%) were hesitant, the rest 37 (23.4%) did not want to vaccinate their children at all. Only a small number 16 (10.1%) have beliefs of vaccines as a cause of their child’s neurodevelopmental disorder. A total of 79 out of 131 responses were received from both parents’ groups. Fear of long-term side-effects was the most common reason reported by 41 responders out of 64 (64.06%) from parents of healthy children and 38 responders out of 67 (56.71%) from parents of diagnosed children. Another reason reported by parents of younger children in both groups was the child’s age. Having a healthcare relative worker was significantly associated with the vaccine decision making (p < .001).
Conclusion: Although the majority of the respondents were willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, there are a number of parents around 45.14% who strongly refuse vaccination or are undecided about it yet. More information about the importance and safety of the vaccine should be accessible to those parents.
Ten years of online incident reporting and learning using CPiRLS: implications for improved patient safety.
Authors: Thomas Mark , Swait Gabrielle , Finch Rob 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Safety Incident (SI) reporting and learning via incident reporting systems (IRS) is used to identify areas for patient safety improvement. The Chiropractic Patient Incident Reporting and Learning System (CPiRLS) was launched in 2009 and is currently available to all UK chiropractors and members of the European Chiropractors Union (ECU). The primary aim was to analyse the SIs submitted to CPiRLS over a 10-year period to identify key areas for patient safety improvement.
Method
All SIs on CPiRLS were extracted and analysed over a 10-year period (April 2009 to March 2019). Frequency statistics were used to describe 1) the level of SI reporting and learning by the chiropractic profession 2) the nature of the reported SIs including levels of patient harm. Key areas for patient safety improvement were identified following review of the database and consideration by an expert panel.
Results
A total of 268 SIs were recorded on the database over the 10-year period, of those, 85% originated from the UK. Evidence of learning was documented in 143 (53.4%) SIs. The largest subcategory of SIs related to post-treatment distress or pain, n = 71 (26.5%). Twenty-nine (10.8%) of all SIs involved a (potential) trip or fall with an additional eight SIs relating to syncope. A total of 26 (9.7%) SIs represented some type of rib distress or pain with 14 suggesting a rib fracture was likely to have occurred. Twenty-two (8.2%) SIs related to (potentially) missing a potential serious underlying pathology. Fourteen (5.2%) SIs involved disruption in the continuity of care. Six key areas of patient safety improvement were identified following review of the data and consideration of the expert panel.
Conclusion
Under-reporting of SIs is apparent on CPiRLS, however, an upward trend was identified over the 10-year period. Several key areas for patient safety improvement have been identified that need to be disseminated to the chiropractic profession including through the development of safer practice notices. Improved reporting practice needs to be facilitated to improve the value and validity of reporting data. CPiRLS is important in identifying key areas for patient safety improvement and should be reviewed periodically.