bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mind Mapping Method To Reduce Anxiety Ahead Of The Exam In Sociology Subjects
Authors: Novianto Muhammad Haris , Nastiti Dwi 
Published: January 2022

Mind mapping methods facilitate the students to recognize the course material in the form of keywords, symbols, images and colored lines. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mind mapping method to students' anxiety towards sociology examination. This study used a quantitative experiment approach with nonrandomized pretest-posttest control group design. Variables in this study were a mind mapping method as an independent variable (X) and students' anxiety towards sociology examination as a dependent variable (Y). Cluster random sampling was used as the sampling technique which class-XD as experimental group and Class-XA as the control group. Uncorrelated data/independent sample t-test was used to analyze data which calculated with SPSS 16.0 for Windows, the result showed (t=3.278; ρ = 0.002; ρ<0.05), it means there are differences of students' anxiety toward sociology examination to students who use the mind mapping methods that do not use the mind mapping method.
A CEEMD-ARIMA-SVM Model with Structural Breaks to Forecast the Crude Oil Prices Linked with Extreme Events
Authors: Cheng Yuxiang , Yi Jiayu , Yang Xiaoguang , Lai Kin keung , Seco Luis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper develops an integrated framework to forecast the volatility of crude oil prices by considering the impacts of extreme events (structural breaks). The impacts of extreme events are vital to improving prediction accuracy. Aiming to demonstrate the crude oil price fluctuation and the impacts of external events, this paper employs the Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD). It decomposes the crude oil price into some constituents at various frequencies to extract a market fluctuation, a shock from extreme events, and a long-term trend. The shock from extreme events is found to be the most crucial element in deciding the crude oil prices. Then we combine the Iterative Cumulative Sum of Squares (ICSS) test with the Chow test to get the structural breaks and analyze the extreme event impacts. Finally, this paper combines the structural breaks, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA), and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to make a forecast of the crude oil prices. The empirical process proves that the CEEMD-ARIMA-SVM model with structural breaks performs the best when compared with the other ARIMA-type models and SVM-type models. The framework offers an insightful view to help decision-makers and can be used in many areas.
CENP-N promotes the compaction of centromeric chromatin
Authors: Luger Karolin , Zhou Keda , Gebala Magdalena , Woods Dustin , Sundararajan Kousik , Edwards Garrett , Krzizike Daniel , Wereszczynski Jeff , Straight Aaron 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The histone variant CENP-A is the epigenetic determinant for the centromere, where it is interspersed with canonical H3 to form a specialized chromatin structure that nucleates the kinetochore. How nucleosomes at the centromere arrange into higher order structures is unknown. Here we demonstrate that the CENP-A interacting protein CENP-N promotes the stacking of CENP-A containing mono-nucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays through a previously undefined interaction between the α6 helix of CENP-N with the DNA of a neighboring nucleosome. We describe the cryoEM structures and biophysical characterization of such CENP-N mediated nucleosome stacks and nucleosomal arrays and demonstrate that this interaction is responsible for the formation of densely packed chromatin at the centromere in the cell. Our results provide first evidence that CENP-A, together with CENP-N, promotes specific chromatin higher order structure at the centromere.
Energy demand reduction options for meeting national zero emission targets
Authors: Barrett John , Pye Steve , Betts-Davies Sam , Broad Oliver , Price James , Eyre Nick , Anable Jillian , Brand Christian , Bennett George , Carr-Whitworth Rachel , Garvey Alice , Giesekam Jannik , Marsden Greg , Norman Jonathan , Oreszczyn Tadj , Ruyssevelt Paul , Scott Kate 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Energy Demand Reduction (EDR) refers to lowering the amount of energy required to provide energy services across mobility, shelter, nutrition or the production of goods and services, among others, with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, global studies have attempted to understand the contribution EDR could make to climate mitigation efforts. Whilst these studies are important to build a global picture, climate targets and policy are necessarily devised at the national level. To address this disconnect, we develop a bottom-up, whole system framework that comprehensively estimates the potential for energy demand reduction at a country level. Replicable for other countries, our framework is applied to the case of the UK where we find that reductions in energy demand of 52% by 2050 compared with 2020 levels are possible without compromising on citizens’ quality of life. This translates to annual energy demands of 40GJ per person, compared to the current OECD average of 55GJ. Our findings show that EDR can reduce reliance on high-risk carbon dioxide removals, moderate investment requirements, and allow space for ratcheting up climate ambition. We conclude that national climate policy should increasingly develop and integrate EDR measures to both articulate national ambition and feeding into international pledges through Nationally Determined Contributions.
Effect of Tellurium Doping on Optoelectronic Properties of Blue ZnTeSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Jang Eunjoo , Kim Taehyung , Chung Heejae , Choi Seon-Myeong , Won Yu-Ho , Lee Jae-Yong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Quantum dot light emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) have high potential to be used in next-generation displays. The main challenge in the commercialisation of QD-LEDs is the improvement of the efficiency and stability of blue QD-LEDs. The most promising emitter for blue QD-LEDs is ZnTeSe QD, however it is concerned that tellurium causes spectral broadening and efficiency drop. In this work, we demonstrate the effect of Te clusters on the electronic structures of blue ZnTeSe QDs through first principle calculation. The photo dynamics at the ensemble and single dot level show that the lifting of hole-state degeneracy in Te-doped structures causes slow relaxation and peak emission shift. Furthermore, the strong confinement of hole wave functions in Te clusters improves the efficiency and stability of QD-LEDs by suppressing QD luminescence quenching under electrical bias. The understanding of the correlation between the photophysical nature of Te-doped QDs and device performance can provide a basis for designing blue-emitting QD structures that are suitable for practical QD-LEDs.
Papaver Decaisnei: GC-MS Alkaloids Profiling, in Vitro Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity
Authors: kamaran  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Papaver L. plant have been well known as a source of pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids (noscapine, thebaine, codeine, roemerine, papaverine and morphine). The current study investigates the phytochemical, in-vitro antioxidant, and anticancer activities of papaver decaisnei, an endemic plant species to the flora of Kurdistan-Iraq. The chemical analysis of the methanolic (MeOH) extracts of flowers, leaves, and roots of papaver decaisnei were made by using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS), and the antioxidant activity evaluation done by radical scavenging [on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2jazino-bis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)], and reducing power [cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] assays. The anticancer actions were presented as IC50 (inhibitory concentration at 50%) on human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), mammary cancer cells (MCF-7), and human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed 17, 19, and 22 chemical compounds for flowers, leaves, and roots of P. decaisnei, respectively. The prevalent organic compounds of P. decaisnei were alkaloids, phenolics, fatty acids, esters, and phytosterols, namely Roemerine (70.44%), Decarbomethoxytabersonine, 9,12,15- Octadecatrien-1-ol, Hexadecanoic acid, 6,8-Dioxa-3-thiabicyclo(3,2,1)octane 3,3-dioxide, and γ-Sitosterol. The antioxidant activity of plant organ extracts was within 39.1-143.5 μg/ml for DPPH and 123.12-276.4 μg/ml for ABTS assays, while, the FRAP and CUPRAC values ranged within 12.4- 34.3 and 42.6-75.8 μg/ml, respectively. The anticancer action of P.decaisnei organ extracts was found against all tested human cell lines (Caco-2, MCF-7, HeLa) with inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) values between 125.3-388.4 μg/ml. The presented data on alkaloid contents and biological activity of P. decaisnei can serve a ground knowledge for the future biomedical synthesis and cancer research projects.
Ultrastrong, Highly Conductive and Capacitive Hydrogel Electrode for Electron-ion Transduction
Authors: Yao Bowen , Yan Yichen , Cui Quincy , Duan Sidi , Wang Canran , Du Yingjie , Zhao Yusen , Wu Dong , Wu Shuwang , Zhu Xinyuan , Hsiai Tzung , He Ximin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Electron-ion transduction is the cornerstone for electronic devices interfacing with biological organisms and promoting emerging ionotronic devices, ranging from basic electronic elements to wearable electronics and energy harvesting devices. However, with commonly used metal electrodes, the electron-ion transduction suffers from high impedance, signal distortion and poor voltage tolerance. Surface modification with conductive porous materials could partially remedy these issues but is inevitably accompanied by weak interfacial adhesion and mechanical weakness. Therefore, freestanding electrodes integrating high mechanical and electrical properties are highly demanded. Herein, a general strategy is discovered to ameliorate these issues by introducing a conducting polymer (CP) hydrogel electrode of ultrahigh strength (~30 MPa) and conductivity (up to ~1200 S cm−1) with a capacitive behavior. These features are derived from the conductive nanoporous matrix with π-π interactions as both crosslinking sites and electron-transfer pathways, through surface gelation coupled with secondary-doping and densification. This strategy significantly decreased the low-frequency impedance and improved the signal fidelity, without affecting its high-frequency response. Furthermore, excellent biocompatibility, multifunctionality, and heart pacing upon ultra-low voltage (60% reduction) have also been demonstrated, showing the great potential of this CP material for bioelectronic applications and various human-machine interfaces.
WITHDRAWN: Integrative Analysis of the Proteome and Transcriptome in Gastric Cancer Identified Membrane Protein LRP1B as a Potential Biomarker
Authors: Miao Ji , Yang Zhi , Guo Wen , Liu Lixiang , Song Peng , Ding Chao , Guan Wenxian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Membrane proteins participate in cell recognition and malignant transformation, and have value in terms of tumor detection and therapy. The aim of this study was to discover unique membrane proteins for gastric cancer (GC) with proteomic analysis of cell lines.Methods: Using the data-independent acquisition (DIA) strategy, we compared the relative expression levels of membrane proteins between GC and noncancer cells. Promising candidates were identified by matching proteomic data to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GC transcriptional profiles, and then accessed their expression using immunohistochemistry.Results: Based on about 4700 membrane proteins quantified, 2774 differentially expressed membrane proteins were identified between GC and normal cell lines. Molecular function analysis indicated that these abnormally expressed proteins were mainly involved in biological metabolic processes. Conjoint analysis of transcriptomes and proteomes provided 11 potential biomarkers (GPRC5A, PSAT1, NUDCD1, RCC2, IPO4, FAM91A1, KANK2, PRADC1, NME4, METTL7A and LRP1B) for further exploration. The downregulation of LRP1B in GC was validated by immunohistochemistry on 66 matched pairs of normal and GC tissues.Conclusions: These data provide a comprehensive overview of the proteomic phenotypes of membrane proteins in GC tumorigenesis. Based on the integrative analysis, LRP1B was identified as a meaningful indicator assisting in GC diagnosis and molecular detection.
WITHDRAWN: Non-Uniform Diffraction Pattern of Grating Experiments---Rotating Grating Around Three Axes (3)
Authors: peng hui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The orientation-dependence of the interference/diffraction patterns of the 1D-double slit, 2Dcross-double slit, 1D-grating and 2D-cross-grating experiments have been studied experimentally andtheoretically. The universal phenomena of the curved, expanded, inclined and mirror-symmetricpattens were reported. However, the above experiments were limited to certain orientations, namelyrotating the diaphragm/grating around either one axis or two axes. Here we show that, for certainorientations by rotating the grating around 3 axes, the spacings between adjacent diffraction orders arenon-uniform. Namely, from “one end” of the pattern to “other end”, the spacings between adjacentdiffraction orders gradually increase. This extraordinary phenomenon challenges the existing theories.The above observed phenomena provide the comprehensive phenomena to theoretical study of thegrating experiments. We suggest that the complete mathematical model should contain three rotationangles as parameters and should be able to describe the phenomena of the non-uniform-spacing,curved, expanded, inclined and mirror-symmetric diffraction patterns consistently.
Prunus persica apoplastic proteome analysis reveals candidate proteins involved in the resistance and defense against Taphrina deformans
Authors: Butassi Estefanía , Novello María Angelina , LARA MARIA VALERIA 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The first Prunus persica apoplastic proteome analysis was assessed by LC-MS/MS. 365 proteins were identified and molecular/biological function classified.
Taphrina deformans in the pathogenic fungus responsible for the leaf peach curl disease.
To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in plant resistance and response to the fungus, apoplastic differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in a resistant (DR) and/or in a susceptible genotype (FL) were identified after 12 and 96 hours post inoculation (hpi) and compared to those at 0 hpi. In both genotypes, major changes occurred at 96 hpi when the fungus had achieved the filamentous form. However, at 96 hpi, DR exhibited a greater number of increased proteins than FL. DAPs were enriched in biotic stress response, with most of the proteins belonging to the pathogenesis related (PR)-type. PRs exhibited the greatest fold changes of induction in DR. While PRs acting on pathogen cell wall (PR2, PR3 and PR4) were increased in both susceptible and resistant genotypes, others were exclusively induced in DR as PR5, defensin and PR17. Proteins exclusively induced in DR upon T. deformans inoculation such as a dirigent protein, three berberine bridge enzymes, a glyoxal oxidase-related, two snakins and a GDS-lipase were identified. Moreover, upon inoculation cuticle was thickened to a greater extent in DR than in FL. This work reveals the active role of the apoplast against T. deformans and not only contributes to the elucidation of the responses involved in resistance to leaf curl disease but also improves knowledge on peach defenses against pathogens.
Transparency in conducting and reporting research: a survey of authors, reviewers, and editors across scholarly disciplines
Authors: Malički Mario , Aalbersberg IJsbrand Jan , Bouter Lex , Mulligan Adrian , Riet Gerben ter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Calls have been made for improving transparency in conducting and reporting research, improving work climates, and preventing detrimental research practices. To assess attitudes and practices regarding these topics, we sent a survey to authors, reviewers, and editors. We received 3,659 (4.9%) responses out of 74,749 delivered emails. We found no significant differences between authors’, reviewers’, and editors’ attitudes towards transparency in conducting and reporting research, or towards their perceptions of work climates. Undeserved authorship was perceived by all groups as the most prevalent detrimental research practice, while fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and not citing prior relevant research, were seen as more prevalent by editors than authors or reviewers. Overall, 20% of respondents admitted sacrificing the quality of their publications for quantity, and 14% reported that funders interfered in their study design or reporting. Our results indicate that greater involvement of all stakeholders is needed to align actual practices with current recommendations.
Technological learning potential of offshore wind technology and underlying cost drivers
Authors: Santhakumar Srinivasan , Heuberger-Austin Clara , Meerman Hans , Faaij André 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Detailed analysis of technological learning of energy technologies is scarce. For floating wind, this is missing altogether. In this study, we applied experience curve and bottom-up cost modeling methodologies and assessed the long-term cost reduction potential of fixed-bottom and floating offshore wind in their mature markets. The contributing factors to cost reduction are also quantified and elaborated. Further, to emphasize the role of strongly varying site characteristics of offshore wind farms and their influences, the grid connection cost is separately discussed from the total technology costs (Capital Expenditure and LCoE). Our assessment shows that, excluding grid connection costs, fixed-bottom offshore wind LCoE is 40 €/MWh at 31 GW cumulative capacity (2023–2024) and decline to 28 ± 3 €/MWh by 100 GW. Floating wind LCoE is 123 €/MWh at 1 GW cumulative capacity (2027 – 2030) but decline to 33 ± 6 €/MWh by 100 GW. Moreover, floating wind can achieve cost parity (i.e., 40 €/MWh, excl. grid connection cost) by deploying 21 GW, requiring 44 billion € of learning investment in the form of subsidies to compensate the price gap for the technology in the energy system. Lastly, we analyzed the grid connection costs and their influencing factors, and then determined that an integrated offshore grid would be needed to efficiently connect future offshore wind farms to the onshore grid.
Euxinic versus ferruginous anoxia before and during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event
Authors: Kunert Alexandra , Kendall Brian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mesozoic oceanic anoxic events are recognized as widespread deposits of marine organic-rich mudrocks temporally associated with mass extinctions and large igneous province emplacement. The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) is one example during which expanded ocean anoxia is hypothesised in response to environmental perturbations associated with emplacement of the Karoo–Ferrar igneous province. However, the global extent of total seafloor anoxia and the relative extent of ferruginous (anoxic and Fe2+-rich) versus euxinic (anoxic and H2S-rich) conditions during the T-OAE and other Mesozoic OAEs are poorly constrained. Here we present new estimates of the global anoxic and euxinic seafloor area before and during the T-OAE based on rhenium and molybdenum enrichments in organic-rich mudrocks of the Fernie Formation (British Columbia, Canada). Trace metal concentrations and ratios, together with high organic carbon contents, indicate that this previously unstudied locality was minimally restricted from global ocean circulation, experienced deep-water nutrient upwelling, and had O2-deficient bottom waters. Pronounced rhenium and molybdenum enrichments in mudrocks deposited from locally anoxic and euxinic waters, respectively, point to large global oceanic reservoirs of these metals. Mass balance models suggest that the T-OAE likely comprised a modest expansion of up to ~7% anoxic seafloor dominated by euxinia. Hence, anoxic seafloor was likely confined to epicontinental seaways, semi-restricted basins, and continental margin oxygen minimum zones during the T-OAE.
From schwertmannite to natrojarosite: Long-term stability and kinetic approach
Authors: Jiménez Amalia , Marban Gregorio , Roza-Llera Ana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work examines the transformation of iron-bearing precursors to jarosite-like minerals in the absence of bacteria or other organic compounds. The composition of the aqueous solution determines the transformation, through which crystallinity and long-term stability of jarosite increase, whereas the temperature of the environment affects the kinetics of the process. Spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and XPS) were used to characterize the chemical species present on the transformed mineral surfaces. Schwertmannite is the first phase to precipitate as a result of homogeneous nucleation and growth in the bulk of the supersaturated solution. This metastable phase transforms into a crystalline Na-rich member of the (Na,H3O)Fe3(SO4)(OH)6 solid-solution family after aging for either 3 h at 70 °C or 1 day at 20 °C. XRD analyses show that the crystallinity of natrojarosite increases progressively with reaction time, although its cell parameters and crystallite size remain nearly constant during aging, which reveals the stability of the crystal structure of this secondary phase. Interestingly, the mechanisms governing the transformation from aggregates of schwertmannite into natrojarosite crystals consist of interface-coupled dissolution–precipitation reactions that involve an internal structural reorganization within the individual nanoparticles of the secondary phase, in which Fe3+ is transferred from the solid to the solution while SO42−, OH–, and Na+ move in the opposite direction. The spectroscopic study confirms the mineralogical results and suggests that the crystal structure of jarosite-like minerals may offer interesting geochemical information about the aqueous solutions where they were formed. The transformation kinetics and the apparent activation energy (Ea = 52.1 kJ/mol) of the transformation were estimated using the so-called “time to a given fraction” method, and a temperature-transformation-time (TTT) diagram was established in the range 20–70 °C to define the reaction pathways during the process.