bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet use and gender wage gap: evidence from China
Authors: Ma Xinxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study explores the influence of Internet use on the gender wage gap in China by using national longitudinal survey data. A fixed effects and instrumental variable method were employed to address individual heterogeneity and other endogeneity problems. The study contributes in the form of four key conclusions. First, considering the endogeneity problems, the return to Internet use is higher for men than for women, unlike the results derived using the ordinary least squares model, which indicates the opposite. The individual heterogeneity problem considerably affects the results, thus suggesting a bias in earlier studies. The results of robustness checks based on the Internet use frequency for different purposes confirm the conclusions. Second, the gender difference in return to Internet use is higher in the low-education group and older age cohorts. Third, both the components—the gender disparity in Internet access and gender difference in return to Internet use—widen the gender wage gap, with the gender difference in return to Internet use having a higher impact. Fourth, the effects of these two components on the gender wage gap vary with the educational attainment and age cohorts.
Adapting prenatal iron supplementation to maternal needs results in optimal child neurodevelopment: a follow-up of the ECLIPSES Study
Authors: Iglesias-Vázquez Lucía , Hernández-Martínez Carmen , Voltas Núria , Canals Josefa , Coronel Pilar , Gimeno Mercedes , Arija Victoria 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Prenatal prescription of standard iron supplements to prevent iron deficiency appears not to be appropriate for all women and their children, as some women may be at risk of iron deficiency and others at risk of iron excess early in pregnancy. The present study aimed to assess whether prenatal iron supplementation adapted to the needs of each pregnant woman affects their child’s neurodevelopment.

Methods
Follow-up of a community-based RCT involving 503 mother–child pairs. Non-anaemic pregnant women recruited in Tarragona (Spain) early in pregnancy were prescribed a daily iron dose based on their initial haemoglobin levels: Stratum 1 (Hb = 110–130 g/L, 80 or 40 mg/d of iron) and Stratum 2 (Hb > 130 g/L, 40 or 20 mg/d of iron). Women receiving 40 mg/d were considered the control group in each Strata. The child’s neurodevelopment was assessed at 40 days of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III). Adjusted multiple regression models were used.

Results
Multiple regression analyses showed no association between the intervention and control group within each Strata on the BSID-III scores on any of the developmental scales in children, including cognitive, language, and motor development: Stratum 1 (β 1.46, 95%CI -2.15, 5.07; β 1.30, 95%CI -1.99, 4.59; and β 2.04, 95%CI -3.88, 7.96, respectively) and Stratum 2 (β -4.04, 95%CI -7.27, 0.80; β -0.36, 95%CI -3.47, 2.75; and β -3.76, 95%CI -9.30, 1.78, respectively).

Conclusions
In non-anaemic women in early pregnancy, no differences were found in the cognitive, language and motor development of children at 40 days of age between the dose of iron tested in each case –adjusted to initial Hb levels– compared to the dose of the control group. Further studies are guaranteed to confirm our findings.

Trial registration
The ECLIPSES study was registered at www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu as EudraCT number 2012–005,480-28.
Construction of CeRNA regulatory network based on WGCNA reveals diagnosis biomarkers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Xiang Jun , Gao Li , Jing Hao Yu , Liu Yun Xiao , Wang Hu Fei , Chang Ze Wen , Liu Shi Hao , Yu Lei , Wang Gui Yu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death among cancers in the world. Although improvements in various treatments have greatly improved the survival time of colorectal cancer patients, since colorectal cancer is often at an advanced stage when diagnosed, the prognosis of patients is still very poor. Since the ceRNA regulatory network was proposed in 2011, it has greatly promoted the study of the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development.ObjectiveExploring the new molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development and providing new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.MethodWe analyzed the RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA, such as differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and construction of ceRNA regulatory network.ResultsWe constructed a ceRNA network using RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA. In the ceRNA regulatory network, 19 hub molecules with significant prognostic effects were ultimately identified, including 8 lncRNAs, 2 mRNAs and 9 miRNAs. These hub molecules constitute the lncRNA-miRNA, miRNA-mRNA or lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis.ConclusionIn this article, some new ceRNA regulatory axes have been discovered, which may potentially disclose new molecular mechanisms for the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, thereby providing an important blueprint for the treatment and prognosis assessment of CRC patients.
A comparative study of the prevalence of myopia and behavioral changes in primary school students
Authors: Xiao Haishao , Jiang Dandan , Wang Yanhui , Sun Bing , Li Chunchun , Lin Yaoyao , Liu Linjie , Huang Xiaoqiong , Vasudevan Balamurali , Chen Yanyan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the changes in the prevalence of myopia and its relation to ocular biological parameters, and behaviors among primary school students in China, and understand the prevention and control of myopia.

Methods
Cross-sectional surveys were performed on 7–9-year-old children in the yrs. 2012 and 2019. In addition, spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), and AL/corneal radius ratio (AL/CR ratio) were collected without cycloplegia. Participants completed detailed questionnaires on behavior related to myopia.

Results
Data was collected on 623 children (8.02 ± 0.57 years old) in 2012 and 536 students in 2019 (8.09 ± 0.65 years old). The prevalence of myopia was 37.7% in 2012 and 39.9% in 2019. The SER was -0.25 (0.92) D in 2012 and -0.25 (1.25) in 2019. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of myopia and SER over the 7 years (all P > 0.05). In 2019, the prevalence of myopia among girls demonstrated an increasing trend (33.8% vs. 37.8%), but there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The mean AL and AL/CR ratio of boys were decreasing (all P < 0.05). The proportion of children reading more than 2 h and using digital devices for more than 2 h per day after their classes in the 2019 group both decreased (all P < 0.05). However, the proportion of activities performed outdoors for more than 2 h./day decreased significantly (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Compared with 2012, the prevalence of myopia in primary school students in 2019 was under control, which may be related to the improvement of children's near-work behavior, but there was the problem of insufficient outdoor activity time. In terms of ocular biological parameters, the risk of myopia for boys in 2019 was lower.
Mean platelet volume as a predictive biomarker for in-hospital mortality in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Zheng Yingying , Luo Zujin , Cao Zhixin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Although mean platelet volume (MPV) has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis of various critical illness, the relationship between MPV and in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is unclear.

Methods
A retrospective observational study including patients receiving IMV was conducted from January, 2014 to January, 2019. The patients were divided into two groups by MPV cutoff value. The receiver operating characteristics curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of MPV for in-hospital mortality. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted to analyze the value of MPV for predicting in-hospital mortality. Kaplan–Meier cumulative incidence curve was employed to observe the incidence of in-hospital mortality.

Results
A total of 274 patients were enrolled in the study, and 42 patients (15.3%) died in hospital. MPV > 11.4 fl was a valuable predictor for in-hospital mortality (AUC0.848; 95%CI, 0.800–0.889) with sensitivity 66.7%, and specificity = 86.21%. MPV > 11.4 fl was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (adjusted HR 2.640, 95%CI, 1.208–5.767, P = 0.015). Compared to the group of MPV ≤ 11.4 fl, patients with MPV > 11.4 fl had increased mortality (log-rank test = 40.35, HR = 8.723, P < 0.0001). The relationship between MPV and in-hospital mortality was stronger in female patients than in male patients.

Conclusion
MPV > 11.4 fl is a more useful marker for predicting in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients receiving IMV, especially in female patients. Attention to the MPV marker is simple and profitable with immediate applicability in daily clinical practice.
Diagnostic accuracy of adropin as a preliminary test to exclude acute pulmonary embolism: a prospective study
Authors: Orun Serhat , Celikkol Aliye , Basol Batuhan Ilbey , Yeniay Elif 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of adropin as a biomarker to exclude the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods
Patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary health centre between August 2019 and August 2020 and diagnosed with PE were included in this prospective cohort study. The amount of serum adropin was determined in patients with (PE) and compared with that of healthy volunteers. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed with the obtained data, and the area under the curve (AUC) with a 95% confidence interval was determined. The parameters of diagnostic accuracy for PE were determined.

Results
A total of 57 participants were included in the study (28 controls and 29 PE patients). The mean adropin level in the PE group was 187.33 ± 62.40 pg/ml, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (524.06 ± 421.68 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). When the optimal adropin cut-off value was 213.78 pg/ml, the likelihood ratio of the adropin test was 3.4, and the sensitivity of the adropin test at this value was 82% with specificity of 75% (95% CI; AUC: 0.821).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that adropin may be considered for further study as a candidate marker for the exclusion of the diagnosis of PE. However, more research is required to verify and support the generalizability of our study results.
Magnetic resonance imaging R2* sequences can better detect microstructural cartilage changes than T2 mapping in cynomolgus monkeys with limited knee kinematics: preliminary imaging findings
Authors: Gao ManMan , Wang JianMin , Jiang LuoYong , Pan XiMin , Canavese Federico , Li YiQiang , Wang WenTao , Zhou ZhiYu , Zhu WeiMin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The difference between MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)-R2* and T2 mapping sequences regarding their superiority in the detection of microstructural cartilage changes in knees with limited ROM (range of motion) was unknown.

Methods
Twenty male cynomolgus monkeys (mean age: 10.65 ± 0.97 years) underwent knee ROM evaluations and were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 10), with similar left and right knee ROM; Group B (n = 5), with left knee ROM superior to right; and Group C (n = 5), with left knee ROM inferior to right. Twenty-eight ROIs (regions of interest) in the cartilage of the lateral (L) and medial (M) femoral trochlea (FT), anterior (A)/central (C)/posterior (P) femoral condyle (FC) and tibial plateau (TP) of both knees were identified in each monkey. The corresponding ROI values in R2* and T2 mapping sequences were recorded for analysis. One-way ANOVA, Chi-square tests and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for statistical analyses.

Results
Among the total 1120 ROIs, significant differences in R2* values among the three groups existed in two ROIs: cartilage of the right MPTP (F = 5.216, P = 0.017) and left MAFC (F = 4.919, P = 0.021). However, the T2 mapping values of all ROIs were similar among the three groups. Microstructural cartilage changes occurred more frequently in the medial (40 ROIs) than in the lateral (0 ROIs) knee compartment (χ2 = 43.077, P < 0.001). The Group B cartilage R2* value of the right MPTP increased with the difference in bilateral knee ROM (r = 0.913, P = 0.030).

Conclusions
In knees with limited ROM, MRI-R2* sequence is superior to T2 mapping in the detection of microstructural cartilage changes, which the medial knee compartment was more susceptible to. Cartilage R2* values tend to increase with the amount of knee ROM loss.
Misdiagnosis of carcinoma gall bladder in endemic regions
Authors: Deo Kunal Bikram , Avudaiappan Mohanasundaram , Shenvi Sunil , Kalra Naveen , Nada Ritambra , Rana Surinder Singh , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Incidental carcinoma gall bladder and benign disease in radical cholecystectomy specimen is the cause of concern. We attempted to find out the incidence and reasons thereof in the present study.

Methods
Present study is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database between July 2002 and July 2019. All patients with a diagnosis of carcinoma gall bladder admitted for surgery were included.

Results
Out of 148 patients, 110 patients had carcinoma gall bladder (CAGB), while 38 patients (25.7%) had incidental carcinoma (under-diagnosis). Radical resection was done in 61/110 (55.4%) patients with clinical CAGB, where 15 (24.6%) patients had benign pathology (“over-diagnosis”). Overdiagnosis was due to xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (n = 9), chronic cholecystitis (n = 2), tuberculosis (n = 2) and IgG4 related cholecystitis (n = 2). Among 61 patients, a history of weight loss and anorexia were significantly associated with malignancy. Asymmetrical wall thickness was significantly more common in benign mimickers.
Among patients with incidental carcinoma, preoperative ultrasonography reported normal wall thickness of gall bladder in 28 (73.7%), thickened gall bladder wall in 6, and polyp in 3 patients. The resectability rate among incidental carcinoma was 27/38 (71.05%).

Conclusion
Over-diagnosis of the carcinoma gall bladder was present in 24.6%. On the other hand, incidental carcinoma comprised 25.7% of all admissions for carcinoma gall bladder with resectability of 71%.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer based on laboratory tests is safe: a single Chinese center analysis
Authors: Wu Yunzi , Zheng Xiaohao , Sun Chunyang , Wang Shenghui , Ding Shikang , Wu Ming , Zhang Jing , Wang Bingzhi , Xue Liyan , Yang Lin , Tian Yantao , Xie Yibin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
About 15%—40% of gastric cancer patients have peritoneal metastasis, which leads to poor prognosis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is considered to be an effective treatment for these patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of HIPEC in patients with gastric cancer diagnosed from laboratory tests.

Methods
The clinical and pathological data of 63 patients with gastric cancer who underwent HIPEC in 2017–2021 were prospectively recorded. Fifty-five patients underwent cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC, and eight patients received HIPEC alone. The factors associated with HIPEC safety and efficacy were analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival.

Results
The average patient age was 54.84 years and 68.3% of patients were male. Moreover, 79.4% of patients had a peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) score of ≤ 7 and 61.9% had a completeness of cytoreduction score of 0. Because of peritoneal metastasis, 29 patients (46.03%) were classified as stage IV. Laboratory tests showed no differences in pre-HIPEC blood test results compared to post-HIPEC results after removing the effects of surgery. HIPEC treatment did not cause obvious liver or kidney damage. Serum calcium levels decreased significantly after HIPEC (P = 0.0018). The Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score correlated with the patient’s physical function and improved after HIPEC (P = 0.0045). In coagulation tests, FDP (P < 0.0001) and D-dimer (P < 0.0001) levels increased significantly and CA242 (P = 0.0159), CA724 (P < 0.0001), and CEA (P < 0.0014) levels decreased significantly after HIPEC. Completeness of cytoreduction score was an independent prognostic factor. HIPEC did not show a survival benefit in patients with gastric cancer (P = 0.5505).

Conclusion
HIPEC is a safe treatment for patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis based on the laboratory tests. However, the efficacy of this treatment on gastric-derived peritoneal metastases requires further confirmation.
Sudden extensive bloody pleural and pericardial effusion in a subject with untreated known hypothyroidism after total thyroidectomy, triggered by pneumonia
Authors: Iwamoto Yuichiro , Tatsumi Fuminori , Katakura Yukino , Dan Kazunori , Wamata Ryo , Kimura Tomohiko , Shimoda Masashi , Nakanishi Shuhei , Kaku Kohei , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaneto Hideaki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In subjects with hypothyroidism, edema is often observed, and pleural effusion and pericardial fluid could be also observed. The color of such fluid retention is usually yellow. Here we show a very rare case with hypothyroidism who had bloody pleural effusion and bloody pericardial fluid.

Case presentation
A 42-year-old male noticed chest pain and the aggravation of exertional dyspnea, and he was transported to our institution by emergency. He had Graves’ disease and underwent total thyroidectomy about 4 years before. After then, he had been treated with 200 μg/day of levothyroxine sodium for the maintenance of thyroid function. However, he self-interrupted such medication about 2 years before. Thyroid function on admission was reduced as follows: free triiodothyronine, 1.60 pg/mL; free thyroxine < 0.40 ng/dL; thyroid-stimulating hormone 25.50 μU/mL. Inflammation markers were increased: white blood cells 25,280 /μL; C-reactive protein 18.66 mg/dL. A large amount of pericardial fluid and pleural effusion were observed in chest and abdominal computer tomography and echocardiography. In addition, we performed pleural effusion and pericardial fluid collection. Pleural effusion in this subject showed bloody color, but not yellow. In cell block specimen of pleural effusion and pericardial fluid, red blood cells, neutrophils and lymphocyte component were observed. In this subject, however, we were unable to find any obvious background disease causing bloody pericardial effusion. Finally, we concluded that bloody pleural effusion and bloody pericardial fluid were brought about in a subject with untreated known hypothyroidism after total thyroidectomy, triggered by pneumonia.

Conclusions
In subjects with hypothyroidism, fluid and mucopolysaccharide are stored in interstitial space and protein osmolality is increased, thus leading to edema and fluid retention. It is noted here that pleural effusion and pericardial fluid in this subject showed bloody color and included red blood cells. There are no reports of bloody pericardial fluid with hypothyroidism. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind that a subject with some trigger, such as infection, may have a hematologic fluid retention that is not seen when hypothyroidism is present alone, as observed in this subject.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants against Enterococcus faecalis (in-vitro study)
Authors: Shaaban Shymaa , Hamad Gamal M. , Genena Salma , Meheissen Marwa A. , Moussa Sybel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
There is an increasing demand to find a potent antibacterial agent against endodontic pathogens with the least toxic effect. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in comparison to calcium hydroxide paste.

Methods
The study involved two stages; (stage one): determination of the antibacterial properties of three strains of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants (PS); Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and a cocktail mix of the three supernatants against E. faecalis using agar well diffusion method in both solution and gel phase. The formed zones of inhibition (ZOI) were measured in millimeters (mm) and compared to each other. PS solution and gel of the largest ZOI were further compared with calcium hydroxide paste (35% Ultra Cal XS Ca(OH)2) This was followed by (stage two): assessment of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the PS that showed the largest ZOI against E. faecalis by agar well diffusion assay for both PS solution and gel.

Results
All supernatants showed growth inhibition against E. faecalis, and the cocktail mix showed the largest ZOI. However, no significant difference was found between the supernatants in both the solution and gel phases (p > 0.05). Ca(OH)2 showed a significantly lower effect than both the cocktail mix solution and gel (p < 0.05). The MIC of the cocktail mix solution and gel against E. faecalis was 50 mg/ml. (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
PS has an antibacterial effect on E. faecalis and was more effective than Ca(OH)2.Lactobacilli probiotics could be a promising antibacterial agent used as an irrigant or an intracanal medication.
Minimally invasive management for multifocal pelvic retroperitoneal malignant paraganglioma: a neuropelveological approach
Authors: Zaccaria Giulia , Cucinella Giuseppe , Di Donna Mariano Catello , Lo Re Giuseppe , Paci Giuseppe , Laganà Antonio Simone , Chiantera Vito 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (PGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors, with an estimated incidence of about 0.6 cases per 100.000 person/year. Overall, 3–8% of them are malignant. These tumors are characterized by a classic triad of symptoms (headaches, palpitations, profuse sweating) due to hypersecretion of catecholamines. Despite several advantages of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for PGL debulking, the surgical approach is not standardized yet. In this scenario, we aimed to report a case of a multiple recurrent PGL with metastatic retroperitoneal localization involving the pelvic sidewall, excised with MIS.

Case presentation
We performed complete laparoscopic-assisted neuronavigation (LANN technique) with isolation of the sacral routes and the sciatic nerve to obtain complete exposure of the main anatomic landmarks. Robotic surgery was used to perform neurolysis of sacral plexus, and partial resection of left splanchnic nerves was needed. After the resection of the first mass, extensive neurolysis of all sacral routes, obturator nerve, pudendal nerve till the entrance of the pudendal (Alcock) canal, and sciatic nerve was performed. Finally, the mass was identified after trans gluteal incision and dissection of the maximum gluteal muscle, and a partial resection of the superior gluteal nerve and slicing of the sciatic nerve were needed to obtain a radical excision of the mass. Then neurorrhaphy of the sectioned nerve fibers of the superior gluteal nerve was performed, and nerve protection was obtained using a collagen nerve wrap. After 18 months of follow-up, the patient is free of disease at the MRI imaging and 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy.

Conclusions
Minimally invasive gynecological surgery with neuropelveological approach could be considered as a feasible option in case of multifocal pelvic retroperitoneal malignant paraganglioma of the pelvic side wall.