bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climatic Asynchrony and Hydrologic Inefficiency Explain the Global Pattern of Water Availability
Authors: Jawitz James W. , Klammler Harald , Reaver Nathan G. F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying observed global patterns of partitioning precipitation () to evapotranspiration () and runoff () are controversially debated. We test the hypothesis that asynchrony between climatic water supply and demand is sufficient to explain spatio‐temporal variability of water availability. We developed a simple analytical model for that is determined by four dimensionless characteristics of intra‐annual water supply and demand asynchrony. The analytical model, populated with gridded climate data, accurately predicted global runoff patterns within 2%–4% of independent estimates from global climate models, with spatial patterns closely correlated to observations (). The supply‐demand asynchrony hypothesis provides a physically based explanation for variability of water availability using easily measurable characteristics of climate. The model revealed widespread responsiveness of water budgets to changes in climate asynchrony in almost every global region. Furthermore, the analytical model using global averages independently reproduced the Budyko curve () providing theoretical foundation for this widely used empirical relationship.
Dynamic Response of the Spring Wyrtki Jet to the Monsoon Onset Over the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Li Kuiping , Yin Yue , Yang Yang , Liu Yanliang , Yu Weidong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe dynamic response of the spring Wyrtki Jet (WJ), one of the dominant wind‐driven surface currents in the Indian Ocean, to the abrupt onset of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) summer monsoon is investigated. The results indicate that the spring WJ tends to approach a maximum around the monsoon onset time, with the zonal current exhibiting a rapid acceleration prior to and a gradual deceleration soon after the onset. The diagnosis demonstrates that the geostrophic term fundamentally driven by the equatorial westerlies primarily accounts for the WJ evolution. Before the monsoon onset, the burst of equatorial westerlies forces the rapid WJ acceleration. While accompanying the monsoon onset, the equatorial regime switches from westerlies to cross‐equatorial flows, leading to the gradual WJ reduction in spring. In physics, the first‐branch northward‐propagating intraseasonal oscillation, inducing both the equatorial westerlies burst and the BoB monsoon onset, powerfully factors into the spring WJ‐monsoon onset relationship.
Crustal Anisotropy in the Martian Lowlands From Surface Waves
Authors: Beghein C. , Li J. , Weidner E. , Maguire R. , Wookey J. , Lekić V. , Lognonné P. , Banerdt W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe largest seismic event ever recorded on Mars, with a moment magnitude of 4.7 ± 0.2, is the first event to produce both Love and Rayleigh wave signals. We measured their group velocity dispersion between about 15 and 40 s period and found that no isotropic depth‐dependent velocity model could explain the two types of waves wave simultaneously, likely indicating the presence of seismic anisotropy. Inversions of Love and Rayleigh waves yielded velocity models with horizontally polarized shear waves traveling faster than vertically polarized shear waves in the top 10–25 km. We discuss the possible origins of this signal, including the preferred orientation of anisotropic crystals due to shear deformation, alignment of cracks, layered intrusions due to an impact, horizontal layering due to the presence of a large‐scale sediment layer on top of the crust, and alternation of sedimentation and basalt layers deposits due to large volcanic eruptions.
Millennial‐Scale Precipitation Variability in the Indo‐Pacific Region Over the Last 40 Kyr
Authors: Yu Zhaojie , Tang Xiaojie , Colin Christophe , Wilson David J. , Zhou Xinquan , Song Lina , Chang Fengming , Zhang Shuai , Bassinot Franck , Wan Shiming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeep atmospheric convection in the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) represents a major source of heat and moisture, thereby affecting the global climate, but its past changes remain debated. Here, we present sub‐millennial clay mineralogy and elemental records spanning the last 40 Kyr from within the IPWP. From these data, we infer millennial‐scale fluctuations in precipitation, with generally lower precipitation during Heinrich Stadials 1–4, corresponding to El Niño‐like conditions. Higher precipitation coincided with the warm interstadials, accompanied by La Niña‐like conditions. Moreover, our record indicates the lowest precipitation occurred during the late Holocene, supporting the hypothesis of a stronger‐than‐modern Walker circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum. In combination with other proxy records and TraCE‐21 modeling results, we recognize a distinct spatial heterogeneity of precipitation within the IPWP, resulting from the dominant influences of the ENSO‐like system and migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern and western IPWP, respectively.
Overview of NASA’s Solar Irradiance Science Team #2 (SIST‐2) Program
Authors: Woods Thomas N. , Considine David B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Solar Irradiance Science Team (SIST) #2 (SIST‐2) program is a competitively solicited National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Science Division science research program providing 3‐year awards beginning in July 2018 to quantify and understand the solar irradiance variability and implications for Earth's climate and atmospheric composition. The purpose for the SIST‐2 program is limited to the accurate specification of the incoming solar irradiance into the Earth system considering the 44‐year satellite data record as well as proxies to which the satellite record can be tied. The SIST‐2 program funded eight research grants to study the variability of the total solar irradiance and solar spectral irradiance and to develop improved space‐based data sets, solar proxies, and variability models of the solar irradiance. The SIST‐2 projects are briefly introduced.
Compositions and Interior Structures of the Large Moons of Uranus and Implications for Future Spacecraft Observations
Authors: Castillo‐Rogez Julie , Weiss Benjamin , Beddingfield Chloe , Biersteker John , Cartwright Richard , Goode Allison , Melwani Daswani Mohit , Neveu Marc 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe five large moons of Uranus are important targets for future spacecraft missions. To motivate and inform the exploration of these moons, we model their internal evolution, present‐day physical structures, and geochemical and geophysical signatures that may be measured by spacecraft. We predict that if the moons preserved liquid until present, it is likely in the form of residual oceans less than 30 km thick in Ariel, Umbriel, and less than 50 km in Titania, and Oberon. The preservation of liquid strongly depends on material properties and, potentially, on dynamical circumstances that are presently unknown. Miranda is unlikely to host liquid at present unless it experienced tidal heating a few tens of million years ago. We find that since the thin residual layers may be hypersaline, their induced magnetic fields could be detectable by future spacecraft‐based magnetometers. However, if the ocean is maintained primarily by ammonia, and thus well below the water freezing point, then its electrical conductivity may be too small to be detectable by spacecraft. Lastly, our calculated tidal Love number (k2) and dissipation factor (Q) are consistent with the Q/k2 values previously inferred from dynamical evolution models. In particular, we find that the low Q/k2 estimated for Titania supports the hypothesis that Titania currently holds an ocean.
A pro B cell population forms the apex of the leukemic hierarchy in Hoxa9/Meis1-dependent AML
Authors: Lieske Anna , Agyeman-Duah Eric , Selich Anton , Dörpmund Nicole , Talbot Steven R. , Schambach Axel , Maetzig Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelapse is a major challenge to therapeutic success in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and can be partly associated with heterogeneous leukemic stem cell (LSC) properties. In the murine Hoxa9/Meis1-dependent (H9M) AML model, LSC potential lies in three defined immunophenotypes, including Lin−cKit+ progenitor cells (Lin−), Gr1+CD11b+cKit+ myeloid cells, and lymphoid cells (Lym+). Previous reports demonstrated their interconversion and distinct drug sensitivities. In contrast, we here show that H9M AML is hierarchically organized. We, therefore, tracked the developmental potential of LSC phenotypes. This unexpectedly revealed a substantial fraction of Lin− LSCs that failed to regenerate Lym+ LSCs, and that harbored reduced leukemogenic potential. However, Lin− LSCs capable of producing Lym+ LSCs as well as Lym+ LSCs triggered rapid disease development suggestive of their high relapse-driving potential. Transcriptional analyses revealed that B lymphoid master regulators, including Sox4 and Bach2, correlated with Lym+ LSC development and presumably aggressive disease. Lentiviral overexpression of Sox4 and Bach2 induced dedifferentiation of H9M cells towards a lineage-negative state in vitro as the first step of lineage conversion. This work suggests that the potency to initiate a partial B lymphoid primed transcriptional program as present in infant AML correlates with aggressive disease and governs the H9M LSC hierarchy.
Dissecting early life stress-induced adolescent depression through epigenomic approach
Authors: Ochi Shinichiro , Dwivedi Yogesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS), such as abuse and neglect during childhood, can lead to psychiatric disorders in later life. Previous studies have suggested that ELS can cause profound changes in gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, which can lead to psychiatric disorders in adulthood; however, studies on epigenetic modifications associated with ELS and psychiatric disorders in adolescents are limited. Moreover, how these epigenetic modifications can lead to psychiatric disorders in adolescents is not fully understood. Commonly, DNA methylation, histone modification, and the regulation of noncoding RNAs have been attributed to the reprogramming of epigenetic profiling associated with ELS. Although only a few studies have attempted to examine epigenetic modifications in adolescents with ELS, existing evidence suggests that there are commonalities and differences in epigenetic profiling between adolescents and adults. In addition, epigenetic modifications are sex-dependent and are influenced by the type of ELS. In this review, we have critically evaluated the current evidence on epigenetic modifications in adolescents with ELS, particularly DNA methylation and the expression of microRNAs in both preclinical models and humans. We have also clarified the impact of ELS on psychiatric disorders in adolescents to predict the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and to prevent and recover these disorders through personalized medicine.
Association of circadian rhythms with brain disorder incidents: a prospective cohort study of 72242 participants
Authors: Chen Si-Jia , Deng Yue-Ting , Li Yu-Zhu , Zhang Ya-Ru , Zhang Wei , Chen Shi-Dong , Wu Bang-Sheng , Yang Liu , Dong Qiang , Feng Jianfeng , Cheng Wei , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCircadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is a shared characteristic of various brain disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and major depression disorder (MDD). Disruption of circadian rhythm might be a risk factor for brain disorder incidents. From 7-day accelerometry data of 72,242 participants in UK Biobank, we derived a circadian relative amplitude variable, which to some extent reflected the degree of circadian rhythm disruption. Records of brain disorder incidents were obtained from a wide range of health outcomes across self-report, primary care, hospital inpatient data, and death data. Using multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio regression, we created two models adjusting for different covariates. Then, linear correlations between relative amplitude and several brain morphometric measures were examined in participants with brain MRI data. After a median follow-up of around 6.1 years, 72,242 participants were included in the current study (female 54.9%; mean age 62.1 years). Individuals with reduced relative amplitude had increasing risk of all-cause dementia (Hazard ratio 1.23 [95% CI 1.15 to 1.31]), PD (1.33 [1.25 to 1.41]), stroke (1.13 [1.06 to 1.22]), MDD (1.18 [1.13 to 1.23]), and anxiety disorder (1.14 [1.09 to 1.20]) in fully adjusted models. Additionally, significant correlations were found between several cortical regions and white matter tracts and relative amplitude that have been linked to dementia and psychiatric disorders. We confirm CRD to be a risk factor for various brain disorders. Interventions for regulating circadian rhythm may have clinical relevance to reducing the risk of various brain disorders.
Lactate dehydrogenase: relationship with the diagnostic GLIM criterion for cachexia in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: McGovern Josh , Dolan Ross D. , Simmons Claribel P. L. , Daly Louise E. , Ryan Aoife M. , Power Derek G. , Maguire Donogh , Fallon Marie T. , Laird Barry J. , McMillan Donald C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Although suggestive of dysregulated metabolism, the relationship between serum LDH level, phenotypic/aetiologic diagnostic Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and survival in patients with advanced cancer has yet to examined.

Methods
Prospectively collected data from patients with advanced cancer, undergoing anti-cancer therapy with palliative intent, across nine sites in the UK and Ireland between 2011–2016, was retrospectively analysed. LDH values were grouped as <250/250–500/>500 Units/L. Relationships were examined using χ2 test for linear-by-linear association and binary logistics regression analysis.

Results
A total of 436 patients met the inclusion criteria. 46% (n = 200) were male and 59% (n = 259) were ≥65 years of age. The median serum LDH was 394 Units/L and 33.5% (n = 146) had an LDH > 500 Units/L. LDH was significantly associated with ECOG-PS (p < 0.001), NLR (p < 0.05), mGPS (p < 0.05) and 3-month survival (p < 0.001). LDH was significantly associated with 3-month survival independent of weight loss (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.05), skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.01), metastatic disease (p < 0.05), NLR (p < 0.05) and mGPS (p < 0.01).

Discussion
LDH was associated with performance status, systemic inflammation and survival in patients with advanced cancer. LDH measurement may be considered as an aetiologic criteria and become a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer cachexia.
Processing optimization of PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS/Tween 80 films
Authors: Carter Joseph L. , Kelly Catherine A. , Jenkins Mike J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe optimum processing conditions for PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS/Tween 80 cast films were investigated by considering film quality and resistivity. The thermal stabilities of these materials were found to strongly influence the accessible annealing temperatures, especially in the presence of the conductivity-enhancing agent Tween 80. The resistivities of PEDOT:PSS films with and without Tween 80 decreased by up to 85% with increases in both annealing temperature and time until a plateau was reached. In addition, thermal structural rearrangements of these polymers were the key driving factors that reduced resistivity, with water removal alone insufficient. Finally, the optimum processing conditions for PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS/Tween 80 films are detailed.
Overrepresentation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive- and Luminal B breast cancer metastases in the eyes and orbit
Authors: Stålhammar Gustav , Grossniklaus Hans E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer to spread to the choroid and orbit. Depending on a set of prognostic and predictive biomarkers, breast cancer can be divided into at least four distinct subtypes with separate treatment and clinical course.

Subjects
Thirty-two patients with metastases to the eye and periocular area diagnosed between 2005 and 2020, of which 11 also had primary tumour tissue available. Expression levels of oestrogen- (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the proliferation marker Ki67 were analysed.

Results
Twenty-five of 32 patients (78%) had a history of primary breast cancer, whereas the remaining 7 (22%) presented with metastatic disease. Of available metastases, 83% were positive for ER, 37% for PR, 54% for HER2, and 50% for Ki67. Metastases had significantly lower proportions of PR-positive cells than primary tumours, and the distribution of the Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 enriched and triple-negative subtypes differed between primary tumours and metastases (P = 0.012): Six of 9 patients with a full set of biomarkers on both primary tumours and metastases switched subtype (67%), and 23 of 32 metastases (77%) were of the Luminal B subtype.

Conclusions
Nearly 4 in 5 breast cancer metastases in the eyes and orbit are of the Luminal B subtype, and a majority are HER2 positive. The breast cancer subtype frequently switches between primary tumours and metastases. Future studies should evaluate these results in larger cohorts.
Ba+2 ion trapping using organic submonolayer for ultra-low background neutrinoless double beta detector
Authors: Herrero-Gómez P. , Calupitan J. P. , Ilyn M. , Berdonces-Layunta A. , Wang T. , de Oteyza D. G. , Corso M. , González-Moreno R. , Rivilla I. , Aparicio B. , Aranburu A. I. , Freixa Z. , Monrabal F. , Cossío F. P. , Gómez-Cadenas J. J. , Rogero C. ,   NEXT collaboration, Adams C. , Almazán H. , Álvarez V. , Arazi L. , Arnquist I. J. , Ayet S. , Azevedo C. D. R. , Bailey K. , Ballester F. , Benlloch-Rodríguez J. M. , Borges F. I. G. M. , Bounasser S. , Byrnes N. , Cárcel S. , Carrión J. V. , Cebrián S. , Church E. , Conde C. A. N. , Contreras T. , Denisenko A. A. , Dey E. , Díaz G. , Dickel T. , Escada J. , Esteve R. , Fahs A. , Felkai R. , Fernandes L. M. P. , Ferrario P. , Ferreira A. L. , Foss F. W. , Freitas E. D. C. , Freixa Z. , Generowicz J. , Goldschmidt A. , González-Moreno R. , Guenette R. , Haefner J. , Hafidi K. , Hauptman J. , Henriques C. A. O. , Morata J. A. Hernando , Herrero V. , Ho J. , Ho P. , Ifergan Y. , Jones B. J. P. , Kekic M. , Labarga L. , Larizgoitia L. , Lebrun P. , Gutierrez D. Lopez , López-March N. , Madigan R. , Mano R. D. P. , Martín-Albo J. , Martínez-Lema G. , Martínez-Vara M. , Meziani Z. E. , Miller R. , Mistry K. , Monteiro C. M. B. , Mora F. J. , Vidal J. Muñoz , Navarro K. , Novella P. , Nuñez A. , Nygren D. R. , Oblak E. , Odriozola-Gimeno M. , Palmeiro B. , Para A. , Querol M. , Redwine A. B. , Renner J. , Ripoll L. , Rodríguez J. , Rogers L. , Romeo B. , Romo-Luque C. , Santos F. P. , dos Santos J. M. F. , Simón A. , Sorel M. , Stanford C. , Teixeira J. M. R. , Toledo J. F. , Torrent J. , Usón A. , Veloso J. F. C. A. , Vuong T. T. , Waiton J. , White J. T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIf neutrinos are their own antiparticles the otherwise-forbidden nuclear reaction known as neutrinoless double beta decay can occur. The very long lifetime expected for these exceptional events makes its detection a daunting task. In order to conduct an almost background-free experiment, the NEXT collaboration is investigating novel synthetic molecular sensors that may capture the Ba dication produced in the decay of certain Xe isotopes in a high-pressure gas experiment. The use of such molecular detectors immobilized on surfaces must be explored in the ultra-dry environment of a xenon gas chamber. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive surface science techniques in ultra-high vacuum, we demonstrate the possibility of employing the so-called Fluorescent Bicolor Indicator as the molecular component of the sensor. We unravel the ion capture process for these molecular indicators immobilized on a surface and explain the origin of the emission fluorescence shift associated to the ion trapping.
Iridium single atoms incorporated in Co3O4 efficiently catalyze the oxygen evolution in acidic conditions
Authors: Zhu Yiming , Wang Jiaao , Koketsu Toshinari , Kroschel Matthias , Chen Jin-Ming , Hsu Su-Yang , Henkelman Graeme , Hu Zhiwei , Strasser Peter , Ma Jiwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDesigning active and stable electrocatalysts with economic efficiency for acidic oxygen evolution reaction is essential for developing proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. Herein, we report on a cobalt oxide incorporated with iridium single atoms (Ir-Co3O4), prepared by a mechanochemical approach. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that Ir atoms are partially oxidized to active Ir>4+ during the reaction, meanwhile Ir and Co atoms with their bridged electrophilic O ligands acting as active sites, are jointly responsible for the enhanced performance. Theoretical calculations further disclose the isolated Ir atoms can effectively boost the electronic conductivity and optimize the energy barrier. As a result, Ir-Co3O4 exhibits significantly higher mass activity and turnover frequency than those of benchmark IrO2 in acidic conditions. Moreover, the catalyst preparation can be easily scaled up to gram-level per batch. The present approach highlights the concept of constructing single noble metal atoms incorporated cost-effective metal oxides catalysts for practical applications.
Unconventional isoquinoline-based SERMs elicit fulvestrant-like transcriptional programs in ER+ breast cancer cells
Authors: Hancock G. R. , Young K. S. , Hosfield D. J. , Joiner C. , Sullivan E. A. , Yildiz Y. , Lainé M. , Greene G. L. , Fanning S. W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEstrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a ligand-dependent master transcriptional regulator and key driver of breast cancer pathology. Small molecule hormones and competitive antagonists favor unique ERα conformational ensembles that elicit ligand-specific transcriptional programs in breast cancer and other hormone-responsive tissues. By affecting disparate ligand binding domain structural features, unconventional ligand scaffolds can redirect ERα genomic binding patterns to engage novel therapeutic transcriptional programs. To improve our understanding of these ERα structure-transcriptional relationships, we develop a series of chemically unconventional antagonists based on the antiestrogens elacestrant and lasofoxifene. High-resolution x-ray co-crystal structures show that these molecules affect both classical and unique structural motifs within the ERα ligand binding pocket. They show moderately reduced antagonistic potencies on ERα genomic activities but are effective anti-proliferative agents in luminal breast cancer cells. Interestingly, they favor a 4-hydroxytamoxifen-like accumulation of ERα in breast cancer cells but lack uterotrophic activities in an endometrial cell line. Importantly, RNA sequencing shows that the lead molecules engage transcriptional pathways similar to the selective estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant. This advance shows that fulvestrant-like genomic activities can be achieved without affecting ERα accumulation in breast cancer cells.