bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the interplay between immigrant nascent entrepreneurship and cross-cultural adaptation
Authors: Walsh Lucia , Cooney Thomas 
Published: July 2022

PurposeAll entrepreneurs face challenges during their venture start-up process, but immigrant entrepreneurs face additional and distinctive challenges due to their contextual newness. This paper focuses on understanding the intertwined journeys of nascent entrepreneurship and cross-cultural adaptation of immigrants in a small Western European country where immigrant entrepreneurship is still a relatively new phenomenon.Design/methodology/approachThe induction-driven, 18-month longitudinal empirical inquiry focused on six early-stage nascent entrepreneurs. Qualitative methods included participant observation during an enterprise program, qualitative interviews and ongoing informal communication.FindingsThe data uncovered the interplay between the nascent immigrant entrepreneurship and cross-cultural adaptation. This led to the development of a novel conceptual framework which highlights how the cross-cultural adaptation domain links with the process of recognition, evaluation and exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities by immigrant entrepreneurs. While varying temporarily and contextually, cross-cultural adaptation was found to create both enabling and constraining tensions within the nascent entrepreneurial experiences of immigrants.Research limitations/implicationsIt is recognized that undertaking just six cases may present a significant limitation of the research, but a close examination of even one individual's lived experience can yield valuable insights. It is hoped that future work will test the highlighted research propositions and other findings in different empirical contexts, and so add to the emerging conceptual framework on nascent immigrant entrepreneurship within the context of cross-cultural adaptation.Originality/valueNo previous qualitative studies have been undertaken seeking to understand how cross-cultural adaptation interacts with the early stages of nascent immigrant entrepreneurial activity. By integrating new venture creation and cross-cultural adaptation theories, this research contributes to the conceptualisation of early stages of nascent entrepreneurial activities of immigrants in a new host environment. The implications of the research are also relevant to enterprise support bodies, policymakers and practitioners who support immigrant entrepreneurship.
Cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Japan: Review of the Japanese literature
Authors: Fujishima Chieko , Tahara Jumpei , Munemoto Sawa , Hioki Chika , Sasaki Hiroka , Yoshida Haruka , Matsuo Hiroo , Miyamoto Yuji , Ishii Norihisa , Kudo Hitoshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNontuberculous mycobacteria cause a wide range of infections, including cutaneous infections, in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Although pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infections have increased significantly in Japan in recent years, there is less evidence on clinical and microbiological characteristics of cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Japan. We reviewed 86 Japanese cases reported between July 2016 and November 2021 and analyzed them in conjunction with the eight patients from our institution who were diagnosed with cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections by culture between 2015 and 2021. In the aggregate series, the average patient age was 60 years, and the ratio of immunocompromised hosts was 53%, both of which were higher than those in previous reports from other countries. No female predominance was observed, unlike in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Rapidly growing mycobacteria accounted for 58% of the cases (n = 54), whereas slowly growing mycobacteria for 43% (n = 40).Mycobacterium marinum(also known asMycobacteroides marinum) (n = 20, 21%) was the most common cause, followed byMycobacterium chelonae(n = 18, 19%),Mycobacterium abscessus(also known asMycobacteroides abscessus) (n = 15, 16%), andMycobacterium ulcerans(n = 11, 12%). While clinical appearance was variable,M ulceransinfections usually presented with ulcers, while nodules were common among infections caused byM chelonaeandM marinum. Disseminated infections involving multiple organs were observed in 23 patients (24%). Thirty‐two cases (30%) were preceded by exposure, including raising or handling fish, trauma, and invasive medical procedures. Most patients were treated with more than two antibiotics and responded to therapy.
Estimation of shear sonic logs in the heterogeneous and fractured Lower Cretaceous of the Danish North Sea using supervised learning
Authors: Lorentzen Mads , Bredesen Kenneth , Mosegaard Klaus , Nielsen Lars 
Published: July 2022

AbstractShear wave velocity information is valuable in many aspects of seismic exploration and characterization of reservoirs. However, shear wave logs are not always available in the interval of interest due to cost and time‐saving purposes. In this study, we present a tailored supervised learning approach to estimate shear wave velocity from well‐log measurements in the Lower Cretaceous succession of the Valdemar and Boje fields in the Danish North Sea. Our objective is to investigate the performance of four supervised learning regression models (linear, random forest, support vector and multi‐layer perceptron). A limited well‐log data set from six wells is used for training and testing the supervised learning models. A set of well data containing normalized gamma ray, compressional wave velocity, neutron porosity and medium resistivity logs gave reasonable shear wave velocity estimates in the test wells with root‐mean‐square error scores within the range of other published studies. Based on limited input data and complex geology, the multi‐layer perceptron was the most successful model in predicting the reservoir sections of the test wells. However, all models lacked stability in the overburden zones. Lastly, re‐training the multi‐layer perceptron on the six wells to predict missing shear wave velocity in a nearby well showed promising results for further reservoir characterization. The obtained results can yield useful input into, for example, seismic pre‐stack inversion, amplitude versus offset analysis and rock physics analysis.
Vocational guidance in general and vocational education schools in Germany: The relevance of informed choice for successful vocational education and the legacy of Aloys Fischer
Authors: Gericke Erika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to reflect Fischer's ideas on vocational orientation and vocational choice as fundamental prerequisites for vocational education in the current German system of vocational guidance in general and vocational education schools. A special focus is placed on Fischer's view on the relevance of informed choice when choosing an occupation. In a first step, the reader will be introduced to the philosophical basis of German vocational guidance, namely, Beruf and self-knowledge, as it is the foundation for understanding Aloys Fischer's thinking on vocational guidance. In a second step, key points of Aloys Fischer's paper ‘Vocational Guidance and Vocational Counsellors’ (1920) that relate to the issue of informed choice will be presented. Finally, as Aloys Fischer's ideas are reflected in vocational guidance in general and vocational education schools in Germany, the paper provides a brief discussion of informed choice—Fischer's central topic—from the author's German and contemporary perspective.
Diagnostic accuracy of paranasal sinus measurements on multislice computed tomography for sex estimation: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
Authors: de Mendonça Diego S. , Ribeiro Esther C. , de Barros Silva Paulo G. , Rodrigues Arlan A. , Kurita Lúcio M. , de Aguiar Andréa S. W. , Tuji Fabrício M. , Neves Frederico S. , Carvalho Francisco S. R. , Costa Fábio W. G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to answer the question, “Are paranasal measurements obtained with multislice computed tomography able to accurately estimate sex?” This PROSPERO‐registered systematic review included six databases and gray literature. Meta‐analysis of linear and volumetric data was performed using a random‐effects model, mean differences (MDs), and inverse variance. The QUADAS‐2 tool‐related risk of bias (RoB) and certainty evidence (GRADE approach) were assessed. A total of 1651 articles were initially selected from the main electronic databases for title and abstract screening. After removing duplicates and studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 18 studies were eligible for the meta‐analysis. The screened studies included 2507 computed tomography of non‐pathologic paranasal sinuses of adults aged between 18 and 40 years. Frontal sinus (FS) width (−4.89 mm; p < 0.00001) and maxillary sinus (MS) height (−3.73 mm; p < 0.00001) showed the greatest MD between females and males. Regarding volume, the MD was significant (p < 0.00001) in both paranasal sinuses (−3.01 and −1.04 cm3, respectively). The best sensitivity (ability to identify males) and specificity (ability to identify females) were found for the anteroposterior (72.3%) and intermaxillary (69%) MS distances, respectively. In general, all studies exhibited low RoB and applicability concerns. The certainty of the evidence was categorized as very low to moderate. Both paranasal sinuses were shown to be dimorphic structures, which could be valuable tools for forensic identification using the FS width and MS anteroposterior distance measurements. However, heterogeneity among studies must be considered.
Ten‐year incidence and treatment outcomes of closed degloving injuries (Morel‐Lavallee lesions) in a level 1 trauma centre
Authors: Moriarty Heather K , Ban Ee‐Jun , Schlegel Richard N , Goh Gerard S , Matthew Joseph K , Clements Warren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionMorel‐Lavallée lesions (MLL), also referred to as closed degloving injuries, result from traumatic shearing forces with separation of the subcutaneous fat from the underlying fascia. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and treatment of MLLs at a level 1 trauma centre.MethodsSingle‐centre retrospective cross‐sectional study of consecutive patients with an imaging diagnosis of a Morel‐Lavallee lesion from 1/1/2010–31/12/2019. Demographic data, mechanism of injury, volume of lesion, management and outcome data were collated.ResultsSixty‐six MLLs were identified in 63 patients (64% Male) with a median age of 49.5 years (19–94 years). Mechanism of injury were road traffic accidents in the majority (66%). Median injury severity score (ISS) was 17 (range 1–33). Patients on oral anti‐coagulants had significantly larger lesions (181.9 cc v 445.5 cc, P = 0.044). The most common lesion location was the thigh (60.5%). Patients that underwent imaging within 72 h of injury had significantly larger lesions than those imaged more than 72 h after the inciting trauma (65 cc v 167 cc, P < 0.05). Management data were documented in 59% of lesions (39/66) in which 66.6% (n = 26) had invasive treatment. In the 31 patients where follow‐up was available, 64.5% (n = 20) were persistent but decreasing in size. There was no significant difference in follow‐up size for those who had invasive compared to conservative treatment (P = 0.3).ConclusionThe diagnosis of MLL should be considered for soft‐tissue swelling in the context of shearing trauma. A variety of management options have been employed, with good overall outcomes.
Systemic lupus erythematosus increases risk of incident atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Yanlin , Fu Lu , Pu Sijia , Xue Yumei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) might have increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) as a result of initiating chronic and systematic inflammation. However, the prevalence of AF in patients with SLE have not been well quantified. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to collect and identify available clinical data to explore this possible correlation.MethodsArticles were searched based on electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science). Review Manager 5.4 was used to perform meta‐analysis of all selected studies and subgroup analyses (pooled separately by geographical distribution). Pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by random‐effect model or fix‐effect model.ResultsSix cohort studies were involved in this meta‐analysis, including 311 844 participants, 78 134 cases of SLE and 347 883 non‐SLE controls. Pooled studies indicated increased risk of AF development in patients with SLE compared to participants without SLE (I2 = 96%, RR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.23–2.79; P = .003). Four clinical trials including only European/ American populations were analyzed in subgroups. Heterogeneity analysis showed that I2 = 9% and there was an increase in the risk of AF development in European/ American patients with SLE (RR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.61–1.98; P < .001), while in 2 Korean studies, the heterogeneity was 98% and there was no correlation between AF and SLE (RR = 1.81, 95% CI: 0.39–8.43). Five clinical studies were involved in subgroup analysis after excluding the Beak study, with I2 = 96% and they suggested that SLE increased the risk of AF development (RR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.42–3.21, P = .002).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis suggested that SLE may be a risk factor for AF development and the results may vary with geographic distribution.
Small‐cell lung cancer from the peripheral lung is frequently accompanied by emphysema and interstitial lung disease in the background
Authors: Ikematsu Yuki , Izumi Miiru , Takayama Koichi , Kumazoe Hiroyuki , Wakamatsu Kentaro , Kawasaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has long been thought that small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a central type of tumor that is located in the proximal bronchi and the mediastinum. However, several studies reported that SCLC exhibited several types of spread pattern on computed tomography (CT). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between CT images and clinical characteristics in patients with SCLC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the CT images of 92 SCLC patients and classified them into six types of spreading patterns: central, peripheral, lymphangitic spread (LYM), pleural dissemination (PLE), lobar replacement (LOB), and air‐space consolidation (AC). We also evaluated the correlation between primary tumor location and the clinical characteristics of patients.ResultsThe most common type of imaging pattern was peripheral (n = 40, 44%), with the next most common type being central (n = 27, 29%). Atypical types of SCLC, such as LYM (n = 2, 2%), PLE (n = 4, 4%), LOB (n = 8, 9%), and AC (n = 11, 12%), were also recognized in our study. The prevalence of emphysema and interstitial lung disease (ILD) was significantly higher in the peripheral type than in the central type (p = 0.0056 and p = 0.0403, respectively). Meanwhile, no survival difference was seen between the central type and the peripheral type (median months 17.9 vs. 21.9, respectively, p = 0.720).ConclusionsThe peripheral type of tumor was correlated with higher prevalence of emphysema and ILD in SCLC. Our result suggests different mechanisms of development and tumor characteristics according to tumor location.
Evaluation of the “hemoptysis” item in clinical decision rules for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in the emergency department
Authors: Bannelier Héloïse , Gorlicki Judith , Penaloza Andrea , Douillet Delphine , Roy Pierre‐Marie , Freund Yonathan , Roussel Melanie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemoptysis is not common in pulmonary embolism (PE) and lacks specificity for its diagnosis. However, this item is present in different validated scores that estimate the clinical probability of PE. The relevance of this item in clinical decision rules (CDRs) is not clearly established.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of removing the “hemoptysis” item from the PERC, YEARS, and PEGeD CDR in patients with low clinical probability of PE.DesignThis was a post hoc analysis of two European prospective cohorts, which included 2968 patients presenting to the ED with a low clinical probability of PE (PROPER and PERCEPIC) and a 3‐month follow‐up. The primary endpoint was the false‐negative rate of a CDR score without the hemoptysis item. Secondary endpoints included the potential reduction of chest imaging if the item hemoptysis was to be removed and risk stratification of the Geneva and Wells scores without the hemoptysis item.ResultsOf 2968 patients included (mean ± SD age 46 ± 18 years, 53% female), 87 patients (3%) had a PE diagnosed at 3 months. A total of 2908 were followed‐up at 3 months and analyzed. Using the PERC rule with and without the hemoptysis item, there were 13 and 14 missed cases of PE, respectively (failure rate 0.45% [95% CI 0.25%–0.78%] and 0.48% [95% CI 0.27%–0.82%]). Using the YEARS strategy, there were 11 missed PE cases with or without the hemoptysis item (false‐negative rate 0.57% [95% CI 0.30%–1.05%]). With the PERC and YEARS rule, removing the hemoptysis item would have led to a 1% reduction in chest imaging. The PEGeD strategy was not modified by the removal of the hemoptysis item.ConclusionsThe hemoptysis item could be safely removed from the PERC, YEARS, and PEGeD CDRs. However, there was no subsequent clinically relevant reduction of chest imaging.
The effects of non‐crop habitat on spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) abundance in fruit systems: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Buck Nicolas , Fountain Michelle T. , Potts Simon G. , Bishop Jacob , Garratt Michael P. D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (SWD) poses a threat to soft and stone fruit globally. SWD inhabits non‐crop areas adjacent to farms from where it moves into crops to cause damage. Effective IPM control strategies, considering both the crop and non‐crop area, are needed to control this economically important pest.
We conducted a meta‐analysis to quantify the impacts of different non‐crop habitats around fruit farms on SWD populations, comparing abundance of SWD trapped in crop and non‐crop habitats.
Overall, SWD abundance was greater in non‐crop habitats than in cropped areas and this difference was greatest in farms adjacent to woodland, or field margins containing known SWD host plants.
The difference in SWD abundance between crop and non‐crop habitats was not affected by crop type but was greatest in the winter months and in conventional compared to organic farms, indicating conventional approaches can reduce relative SWD abundance.
Drosophila suzukii overwinter in non‐crop habitats which provide refuge outside the cropping season. However, certain habitats support greater relative abundance of SWD than others and this is also affected by farm management. We discuss what these findings mean for effective control of SWD.
Investigating the white racial equilibrium and the power‐maintenance of whiteness
Authors: Drustrup David , Liu William Ming , Rigg Thomas , Davis Katelynn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe white racial equilibrium is a social, historical, and cultural location where whiteness is insulated from critique and the importance of race is largely ignored by white people. The expectation of the white racial equilibrium is one way white people define their whiteness, and this expectation protects white supremacist epistemologies and ideologies. We completed interviews with fourteen white undergraduate students to understand more about the processes employed by students when challenged by the white racial disequilibrium. Using consensual qualitative research (CQR), we coded their responses and found seven representative domains, with two categories endorsed by every participant: “assumption of valid knowledge” and “non‐racist beliefs.” While some respondents displayed thoughtfulness about race and whiteness, findings suggest that most participants attempted to restore the white racial equilibrium by centralizing the innocence and beneficence of whiteness and white people through various rhetorical maneuvers, including (1) invoking superficial and incomplete knowledge of complex racial topics, and (2) depersonalizing themselves from racist acts and ideas, among others. This study contributes to the whiteness literature by providing descriptions of how white students attempt to re‐establish the white racial equilibrium after facing disruptions to their expectations for conversations about race. Implications for anti‐racist psychologists are discussed.
“Ultimately, the choice is theirs”: Informed choice vaccine conversations and Canadian midwives
Authors: Pringle Wendy , Greyson Devon , Graham Janice E. , Berman Robyn , Dubé Ève , Bettinger Julie A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Canada, vaccination that protects against pertussis and influenza is recommended in every pregnancy, but uptake remains low. Communicating the risks and benefits of vaccination is key to clinical conversations about vaccination, which may influence the uptake of pregnancy and subsequent infant vaccines. Canadian midwives use an informed choice model of care, which is distinct from informed consent and prioritizes client autonomy in decision‐making.MethodsUsing institutional ethnography, which treats lived experience as expertise, we aimed to understand how Canadian midwives, governed by intersecting professional standards and regulations, navigate vaccine discussions with their clients. We conducted interviews with individuals involved in midwifery training, regulation, and continuing education, as well as key public health professionals with expertise in immunization training. Following the phases of thematic analysis outlined by Braun and Clarke, data were analyzed holistically, emergent themes identified, and coding categories developed.ResultsTwo types of confidence emerged as important to midwives' ability to conduct a thoroughly informed choice discussion about vaccines: confidence in vaccination itself (vaccine confidence), and confidence in vaccine knowledge and counseling skills (vaccine counseling confidence). A deferred or shortened vaccine discussion could be the result of either vaccine hesitancy or counseling hesitancy.DiscussionCurrently, available clinical communication tools and recommended techniques for addressing vaccine hesitancy do not always adapt well to the needs of midwives working to support clients' informed choice decisions. Our findings suggest that Canadian midwives require more and clearer resources on both the risks and benefits of vaccination in pregnancy.