bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervention pathways for low anterior resection syndrome after sphincter‐saving rectal cancer surgery: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Pape Eva , Burch Jennie , van Ramshorst Gabrielle H. , van Nieuwenhove Yves , Taylor Claire 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimLow anterior resection syndrome (LARS) has a large impact on patients' quality of life. Several heterogeneous intervention pathways are suggested in the literature. The steps and timing of the different steps in the pathways are unclear. This systematic scoping review aims to map the range of intervention pathways for LARS after sphincter‐saving rectal cancer surgery.MethodsA search was undertaken on four databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science). Any type of paper describing intervention pathways for patients with LARS following sphincter‐saving surgery was included. Excluded were patients with a stoma, no full paper, no intervention pathway and not being written in English or Dutch. The review was registered with Open Science Framework (10.17605/OSF.IO/JB5H8). Narrative synthesis of the results was performed by charting and summarising key results.ResultsA total of 373 records were screened and 12 papers were included. There was a high variability among the intervention pathways, including which patients should be included. The number of pathway steps ranged from 2–6. Most intervention pathways were treatment‐led. Intervention options ranged from conservative measures to a permanent stoma. Pathway flow was highly variable and sometimes not well described, with different or no timings provided for the start, progression, or end of the pathways. Three studies discussed the use of a nurse to coordinate the pathway.ConclusionThis systematic scoping review shows that despite similarities in treatment options there are variations in which treatments are included, when treatments should be instigated, and even which patients should be treated.
Predictors of support for biodiversity loss countermeasure and bushmeat consumption among Vietnamese urban residents
Authors: Nguyen Minh‐Hoang , Jones Thomas E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiodiversity loss is happening at an unprecedented rate, especially in countries like Vietnam, with rich biodiversity and a high population growth rate. One of the main causes of biodiversity loss in Vietnam is the unsustainable bushmeat consumption rate in urban areas. To help mitigate the demand for bushmeat, this study aims to examine the associations between biodiversity loss perceptions, perception toward the prohibition of illegal wildlife consumption, and bushmeat consumption behaviors among urban residents in Vietnam. The investigation employed the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF)—an analytical framework that combines the strengths of the mindsponge mechanism and Bayesian inference to facilitate investigation into psychological and behavioral issues—on 535 respondents from urban areas across Vietnam (mostly in the two urban centers of Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi). We found that people perceiving environmental degradation, and losses of economic growth, nature‐based recreation opportunities, health, and knowledge as consequences of biodiversity loss were more likely to support the prohibition of illegal wildlife consumption. Although urban residents tended to consume bushmeat less frequently if they perceived losses of economic growth and knowledge as consequences of biodiversity loss, the perception of environmental degradation had an opposite effect on the behavior. Additionally, people consuming bushmeat frequently and supporting the biodiversity loss preventive measure seemed to share similar features: high income and educational levels. These paradoxical results hint at the cultural additivity phenomenon—the willingness to incorporate into one's mind the new values that might or might not logically contradict their existing core cultural values—and its influence on psychology and behavior among Vietnamese urban residents. Given the influence of cultural additivity, it is recommended to put tougher measures (e.g., financial punishment) into perspective so that urban people can recognize the high “cost” of bushmeat consumption and change their perceptions and behaviors accordingly. Apart from that, social marketing, demarketing, or educational campaigns should convey knowledge and information that can help receivers relate biodiversity loss and bushmeat consumption to their subjective cost‐benefit judgments rather than the rarity of the species to avoid triggering an anthropogenic Allee effect—for example, emphasizing the penalty for consuming bushmeat and negative impacts of biodiversity loss on humans in targeted campaigns (e.g., losses of economic growth and knowledge).
Increased severe primary graft dysfunction in left ventricular assist device patients following united network for organ sharing allocation changes
Authors: Guo Aaron , Kotkar Kunal , Jocher Brandon , Botkin Kent W. , Britt Daniel , Fischer Irene , Masood Muhammad F. , Schilling Joel , Itoh Akinobu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn 2018, the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) implemented a new heart allocation system which prioritized patients on temporary support devices and left‐ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients with complications. These changes have the potential to impact outcomes for patients bridged to transplant with an LVAD.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 168 adult heart transplant recipients at our center between 2016 and 2020 evaluating post‐transplant outcomes before and after UNOS allocation changes. Donor and recipient data were retrieved from chart review and national databases. The primary outcome of this study was severe primary graft dysfunction (PGD) with secondary outcomes of 30‐day readmission, 30‐day mortality, and 1‐year mortality.ResultsIncidence of severe PGD was similar in the overall cohort before and after the changes (10% vs. 15%, respectively, p = .3) and increased in the LVAD‐bridged cohort (12% vs. 40%, respectively, p < .01). Secondary outcomes of readmission and survival were similar between all groups. Blood transfusion was predictive of severe PGD in multivariable modeling (OR 1.3 [1.11–1.59], p < .01).
An NTRK‐1‐associated soft tissue tumor showing distinctive nodules with peripheral accentuation of cellularity
Authors: Czaja Rebecca , Layng Kayla Viets , Barrett Alex , Hooper Perry , Alomari Ahmed , Warren Simon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLipofibromatosis‐like neural tumor is a recently described entity defined by a low‐cellularity spindle cell infiltrate in the subcutaneous fat with admixed inflammatory cells. This tumor is histopathologically similar to lipofibromatosis, but unlike lipofibromatosis shows reactivity for S100 and has an NTRK‐1 kinase fusion. These lesions are locally aggressive but appear to have a negligible metastatic potential. Subsequently, a more cellular variant has been described with generally low mitotic rate. This variant also displays S100 reactivity and kinase fusions (typically involving NTRK‐1), but it has a low risk of metastasis. In this report, we describe a case that aligns with the more cellular variant of NTRK‐1 kinase fusion tumors on histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular grounds, but in addition has distinctive nodules with peripheral accentuation of cellularity, reminiscent of those present in epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. This latter feature is previously undescribed in NTRK kinase fusion soft tissue tumors and offers further support for the presumed neural differentiation of this neoplasm.
Large carnivore range expansion in Iberia in relation to different scenarios of permeability of human‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Pratzer Marie , Nill Leon , Kuemmerle Tobias , Zurell Damaris , Fandos Guillermo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimLarge carnivores are currently recolonizing parts of their historical ranges in Europe after centuries of persecution and habitat loss. Understanding the mechanisms driving these recolonizations is important for proactive conservation planning. Using the brown bear (Ursus arctos) and the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) as examples, we explore where and when large carnivores are likely to expand into human‐dominated landscapes and how varying levels of resistance due to human pressure might impact this recolonization process.LocationIberian Peninsula.MethodsWe used ensembles of species distribution models to relate species occurrence data to climate, topography and satellite‐based land‐cover predictors at a 10 km spatial resolution. Resulting predictions of suitable habitat areas were fed into a dispersal model to simulate range expansion over the 10 time‐steps for different human pressure scenarios. Finally, we overlaid predictions with protected areas to highlight areas that are likely key for future connectivity, but where human pressures might hamper dispersal.ResultsWe found widespread suitable habitat for both species (bear: 30,000 km2, lynx: 170,000 km2), yet human pressure limits potential range expansions. For brown bears, core habitats between the Cantabrian and Pyrenean populations remained unconnected despite suitable habitat in between. For lynx, we predicted higher range expansion potential, although high human pressures in southern coastal Spain negatively affected expansion potential.Main conclusionsOur results highlight that the recolonization potential of brown bears and lynx in the Iberian Peninsula is likely more constrained by lower permeability of landscapes due to human pressure than by habitat availability, a situation likely emblematic for large carnivores in many parts of the world. More generally, our approach provides a simple tool for conservation planners and managers to identify where range expansion is likely to occur and where proactively managing to allow large carnivores to safely disperse through human‐dominated landscapes can contribute to viable large carnivore populations.
Climate change threatens the future of rain forest ringtail possums by 2050
Authors: de la Fuente Alejandro , Williams Stephen E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather escalate the pressure of global warming on biodiversity. Globally, synergistic effects of multiple components of climate change have driven local extinctions and community collapses, raising concern about the irreversible deterioration of ecosystems. Here, we disentangle the pressure of increasing warming and frequency of extreme heatwaves on the population dynamics of tropical ringtail possums (family: Pseudocheiridae).LocationThe Australian Wet Tropics World Heritage Area.MethodRingtail possums' population dynamics were estimated between 1992 and 2021 using a hierarchical population model that explicitly described the state process and accounted for imperfect detection. Under our model, we propagated the estimated mechanisms governing the system by forecasting ringtails' population dynamics between 2022 and 2050. Derived from this process, we calculated the probability of absolute and quasi‐extinction using different population viability thresholds.ResultsWe find a strong negative effect of climate change on population dynamics, particularly extreme heatwaves, resulting in a rapid and severe decline in ringtails' population size in the last three decades.Main ConclusionsForecasted increases in temperature and heatwaves threaten the collapse of rain forest ringtail possums by 2050, with populations falling below viability thresholds within three decades.
SUpporting People in extreme POverty with Rehabilitation and Therapy (SUPPORT CP): A trial among families of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh
Authors: Al Imam Mahmudul Hassan , Jahan Israt , Das Manik Chandra , Bashar Sk Md Kamrul , Khan Arifuzzaman , Muhit Mohammad , Power Rosalie , Akbar Delwar , Badawi Nadia , Khandaker Gulam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo test the efficacy of an integrated microfinance/livelihood and community‐based rehabilitation (IMCBR) programme in improving health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and motor function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and gain in social capital to their ultra‐poor families in rural Bangladesh.MethodThis was an open‐label cluster randomized control trial. Children with CP aged 5 years or under were randomly allocated to three arms; Arm A: IMCBR; Arm B: community‐based rehabilitation (CBR); and Arm C: care‐as‐usual. The CBR was modified with phone follow‐up followed by home‐based CBR at 2.5 months post‐enrolment because of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Intention‐to‐treat analysis was performed.ResultsTwenty‐four clusters constituting 251 children–primary caregivers' dyads were assigned to three arms (Arm A = 80; Arm B = 82; Arm C = 89). Between baseline and endline, the percentage mean change in the physical functioning domain of HRQoL was highest in Arm A (30.0%) with a significant mean difference between Arm A and Arm B (p = 0.015). Improvement in the mean social capital score was significantly higher in Arm A compared to Arm C (p < 0.001).InterpretationThe findings suggest that IMCBR could improve the HRQoL of children with CP and the social capital of their ultra‐poor families. Long‐term follow‐up of the trial participants and future exploration of such interventions are essential. The integrated livelihood and CBR programme holds potential to improve health and well‐being of children with CP and their ultra‐poor families.What this paper adds

Half of the families who received livelihoods were impacted by a cold‐wave, suggesting the need for a more disaster‐resilient livelihood asset.
The integration of livelihood with community‐based rehabilitation programme helps to improve health‐related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and the social capital of their ultra‐poor families.
Impact of adapted bicycle riding on outcomes for children and adolescents with disabilities: A systematic review
Authors: Thevarajah Abiramy , Wallen Margaret , Imms Christine , Lonsdale Chris , Carey John J. , Froude Elspeth H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo review the evidence for the effects of adapted bicycle riding on body structures and functions, activity, participation, and quality of life outcomes in children with disabilities, along with family‐level participation outcomes.MethodA systematic review with searches of nine electronic databases to identify studies involving participants with a developmental disability aged 4 to 18 years who used a dynamic adapted bicycle was completed in August 2021. Risk of bias was assessed based on individual study designs. A narrative synthesis integrated the findings of the included studies. Certainty of evidence was synthesized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsTen studies were included with 234 participants. Five studies reported outcomes at the body structures and functions level, ten reported activity‐level outcomes, two reported participation‐related outcomes, and none assessed quality of life or family participation in social and recreational activities.InterpretationAdapted bicycle riding interventions may improve gross motor function, enhance lower‐limb muscle strength, and promote physical activity; however, certainty of evidence of effects was rated very low using GRADE. Further research is required to understand the impact of adapted bicycle riding on the participation outcomes of children and adolescents with disabilities and on family‐level participation in social and recreational activities.What this paper adds

Adapted bicycle riding interventions may improve motor functions and physical activity.
Evidence about participation outcomes after adapted bicycle riding is limited.
Research on adapted bicycle riding interventions in natural settings is needed.
Mammillary body abnormalities and cognitive outcomes in children cooled for neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Spencer Arthur P. C. , Lequin Maarten H. , de Vries Linda S. , Brooks Jonathan C. W. , Jary Sally , Tonks James , Cowan Frances M. , Thoresen Marianne , Chakkarapani Ela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate mammillary body abnormalities in school‐age children without cerebral palsy treated with therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (cases) and matched controls, and associations with cognitive outcome, hippocampal volume, and diffusivity in the mammillothalamic tract (MTT) and fornix.MethodMammillary body abnormalities were scored from T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 32 cases and 35 controls (median age [interquartile range] 7 years [6 years 7 months–7 years 7 months] and 7 years 4 months [6 years 7 months–7 years 7 months] respectively). Cognition was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition. Hippocampal volume (normalized by total brain volume) was measured from T1‐weighted MRI. Radial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy were measured in the MTT and fornix, from diffusion‐weighted MRI using deterministic tractography.ResultsMore cases than controls had mammillary body abnormalities (34% vs 0%; p < 0.001). Cases with abnormal mammillary bodies had lower processing speed (p = 0.016) and full‐scale IQ (p = 0.028) than cases without abnormal mammillary bodies, and lower scores than controls in all cognitive domains (p < 0.05). Cases with abnormal mammillary bodies had smaller hippocampi (left p = 0.016; right p = 0.004) and increased radial diffusivity in the right MTT (p = 0.004) compared with cases without mammillary body abnormalities.InterpretationCooled children with mammillary body abnormalities at school‐age have reduced cognitive scores, smaller hippocampi, and altered MTT microstructure compared with those without mammillary body abnormalities, and matched controls.What this paper adds

Cooled children are at higher risk of mammillary body abnormalities than controls.
Abnormal mammillary bodies are associated with reduced cognitive scores and smaller hippocampi.
Abnormal mammillary bodies are associated with altered mammillothalamic tract diffusivity.
Individualized busulfan dosing improves outcomes compared to fixed‐dose administration in pre‐transplant minimal residual disease‐positive acute myeloid leukemia patients with intermediate‐risk undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation in CR
Authors: Klyuchnikov Evgeny , Langebrake Claudia , Badbaran Anita , Dadkhah Adrin , Massoud Radwan , Freiberger Petra , Ayuk Francis , Janson Dietlinde , Wolschke Christine , Bacher Ulrike , Kröger Nicolaus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPre‐transplant minimal residual disease (MRD) impacts negatively on post‐transplant relapse risk in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therapeutic drug monitoring by calculating area under the curve (AUC) was developed to optimize busulfan (Bu) exposure. Here, we compared post‐transplant outcomes after individualized versus fixed busulfan dosage in intermediate‐risk AML who achieved CR prior to allograft focusing on pre‐transplant flow‐MRD. Eighty‐seven patients (median, 56 years) with intermediate‐risk AML and pre‐transplant flow‐MRD (“different from normal”) were included. Thirty‐two patients received individualized busulfan; 54 fixed dosages. Individualized dosage was adjusted in 25/32 patients: increased, n = 18/25 (72%); decreased: n = 7/25 (28%). After median follow‐up of 27 months, we observed lower 3‐year relapses (6%, 2%–19% vs. 35%, 23%–49% p = 0.02), improved 3‐year leukemia‐free survival (LFS) (78%, 54%–91% vs. 55%, 40%–70% p = 0.009) and − overall survival (OS) (82%, 60%–93% vs. 69%, 54%–81% p = 0.05) after individualized compared to fixed Bu. Non‐relapsed mortality (NRM) and acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) were not different. In multivariate analysis, fixed Bu showed unfavorable impact on OS (hazard ratio [HR] 4.6, p = 0.044), LFS (HR 3.6, p = 0.018) and relapses (HR 3.6, p = 0.033). Fixed Bu also had unfavorable impact on LFS (3.6, 1.1–12.6, p = 0.041) in pre‐transplant MRD‐positive patients. Individualized, AUC‐based, busulfan is associated with lower relapses in intermediate‐risk AML patients allografted in CR and may overcome pre‐transplant MRD‐positivity.
Clearance of bone marrow mast cells after hypomethylating agent and venetoclax for systemic mastocytosis associated with myeloid neoplasia
Authors: Pourhassan Hoda , Kim Young , Pullarkat Vinod 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSystemic mastocytosis (SM) results from clonal proliferation of neoplastic mast cells that infiltrate bone marrow and other organs. A major subset of patients with SM has a clonally related myeloid neoplasm and the SM itself (SM‐AMN). We evaluated the efficacy of hypomethylating agent and venetoclax (HMA‐VEN) to target both the myeloid neoplasm and mast cell infiltrate in a patient with SM associated with acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome and illustrate complete elimination of bone marrow mast cells and complete remission of MDS/AML. This case illustrates the potent activity of HMA‐VEN both against the AMN as well as the associated SM.
High expression of AP2M1 correlates with worse prognosis by regulating immune microenvironment and drug resistance to R‐CHOP in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Liu Xindi , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Jing , Wang Henan , Piao Yingshi , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFirst‐line treatment with R‐CHOP has cured 50%–60% patients of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and more than one‐third patients will eventually progressed to relapsed/refractory disease with dismal outcomes. Adaptor Related Protein Complex 2 Subunit Mu 1 (AP2M1) is required for the activity of a vacuolar ATPase and may also play an important role in regulating the intracellular trafficking and function of CTLA‐4 protein. Herein, using both public databases and our own tumor samples, we aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of AP2M1 and the potential tumor‐promoting mechanisms in DLBCL.MethodUsing public datasets of DLBCL from both GEO and TCGA databases, we analyzed the role of AP2M1 in mediating chemoresistance to R‐CHOP and its correlation with various clinical parameters and prognosis. By using various R packages, we evaluated the role of AP2M1 on regulating tumor immune microenvironment. Moreover, tumor samples of DLBCL from Beijing TongRen Hospital were used to validate our findings by immunohistochemistry staining.ResultExpression of AP2M1 was significantly increased in DLBCL, which was correlated with poor prognosis and a variety of clinical indicators. On the basis of enrichment analysis, it was found that AP2M1 may be related to intracellular receptor signaling pathway. Through immune analysis and drug prediction, we found that the expression of AP2M1 affected the immune environment and drug response of DLBCL, which further revealed the important role of AP2M1 in DLBCL. By analyzing 61 patients treated uniformly with R‐CHOP regimen in our center, we validated the above findings that high expression of AP2M1 correlated with inferior survival outcomes and affected sensitivity to R‐CHOP treatment.ConclusionExpression of AP2M1 may affect the prognosis of DLBCL patients probably by affecting the immune environment and the responses to many drugs in treating DLBCL, indicating AP2M1 as a potential therapy target in DLBCL.