bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Note on the Philippine Anti-Torture Act’s Compliance with the Convention against Torture
Authors: Falcon Banuar Reuben A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Philippines had been a State party to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment for over two decades before implementing legislation was passed. This note reviews the substantive provisions of the implementing legislation and assesses whether they comply with the Philippines’ international treaty obligations.
Smart Parenting? The Internet of Things, Children’s Privacy, and Data Justice
Authors: Mann Monique , Wilson Michael , Warren Ian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper examines children’s privacy and the Internet of Things (IoT). After describing the operation of IoTs directly marketed to and for children, we outline research concerning the surveillance of children and issues associated with children’s right to privacy, including the role of parents or guardians in protecting their children’s right to privacy. We then present the findings of a survey of Australian IoT consumers and non-consumers (n = 1,052), which shows parents and guardians who purchase IoTs care about their children’s privacy and are concerned about practices of corporate surveillance. Finally, our data show that female parents or guardians have lower rates of privacy literacy than males. Analysed through the lens of data justice (Dencik et al., 2016), we argue the protection of children’s privacy rights must be understood with regard to broader structural factors, such as gender discrimination and digital housekeeping, and ultimately requires addressing corporate practices that characterise the contemporary surveillance landscape.
Children’s Right to Participation in Early Childhood Education and Care: An Analysis in Finnish Policy Documents
Authors: Mansikka Jan-Erik , Lundkvist Marina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Finland has gone through considerable reforms in early childhood education and care in recent years, with a new Act followed by a new National Core Curriculum (2018). The reforms have implied much more emphasis on both education and children’s perspectives. Because of the changes, we are interested in what role the concept of children’s rights, and more particularly children’s right to participation, has had in this recent development. Our analysis of the recent curriculum in Finland shows three different ways of describing children’s right to participate: social, political and learning dimensions on participation. Moreover, we could see that each dimension contained two poles, oscillating between children’s autonomy and interdependence. We believe that finding new ways of describing children’s rights to participate will help professionals working within ecec to overcome the gap between theory and practice.
The Right to Physical Integrity for Child Patients Jeopardized in Health and Medical Care?
Authors: Holmqvist Anna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sweden was the first country in the world banning corporal punishment in 1979, protecting children’s physical and mental integrity. Forty years later, this fundamental view on children’s rights, respecting the child’s integrity, has not had any effect in Swedish health and medical care when children are patients. In this article, children’s rights when the child is a patient will be discussed in relation to the Swedish Patient Act (pa, 2014:81) and the advocacy role of Swedish patient organisations. It is shown that children’s rights in the Patient Act are constructed based on the child patient as deviant and subordinated to adult patients and parental rights, making not only the child’s voice subject to valuation by adults, but also the child’s integrity. Further, the patient organisations, acting as advocates for different patient groups in the legislative process, stay silent on issues concerning child patients’ basic human rights.
Positive Cofactor 4 as a Potential Radiation Biodosimeter for Early Assessment
Authors: Ma Le , Gong Qiang , Liu Gaoyu , Chen Jieping , Wang Yu , luo Peng , Shi Chunmeng 
Published: February 2022

During a major radiation event, a large number of people need to be rapidly assessed for radiation damage to ensure effective medical treatment and efficient use of medical resources. However, current techniques cannot meet the requirement of rapid detection of large quantities of samples in an emergency. It is essential to develop rapid and accurate radiation biodosimeters in peripheral blood. Here, we identified radiation sensitive genes in mice by RNA sequencing and evaluated their utility as radiation biodosimeters in human cell lines. Mice were subjected to gamma-irradiation with different doses (0–8 Gy, .85 Gy/min), and the tail venous blood was analyzed by RNA sequencing. We have identified 5 genes with significantly differential expression after radiation exposure. We found that positive cofactor 4(PC4) had well correlation with radiation dose in human lymphoblastoid cell line after irradiation. The relative expression of PC4 gene showed a good linear correlation with the radiation dose after 1–5 Gy irradiation (.85 Gy/min). PC4 gene can be rapidly recruited to the DNA damage sites faster than γ-H2AX after radiation in immunofluorescence detection. In conclusion, PC4 may be represented as new radiation biological dosimeter for early assessment.
Case study: Pilot testing of a local acupuncture intervention protocol for burn scars
Authors: Tuckey Catherine R , Kohut Susan H , Edgar Dale W 
Published: February 2022

Background Following burn injury and a prolonged duration of healing, scars may become hypertrophic, causing movement restriction, increased scar thickness, colour and pliability, and symptoms such as pain and itch. Acupuncture has emerged as a potentially beneficial treatment for neuroinflammation, which perpetuates the negative features of hypertrophic scars. The aim of this study was to pilot test an evidence-based methodology for applying and measuring the clinical effects of localised acupuncture for symptomatic scars, in a patient with a healed burn injury. Methods A 71-year-old caucasian male presented with a hypertrophic scar that was painful and itchy after burn injury and subsequent skin grafting. He received acupuncture and massage treatment local to his scar as per the local (verum) group of the author's clinical trial under recruitment. Needles were inserted around the circumference of the skin grafted area and adjacent to areas of raised scar tissue within the grafted area and stimulated via bi-directional rotation. Outcome measures included a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain and itch, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) self-assessment component and SF36 quality-of-life measure to capture any non-specific acupuncture effects. Conclusion Acupuncture applied locally around the scar was associated with short-term relief of symptoms and significantly reduced his subjective outcome measure scores relating to scar thickness, redness and pliability out to six months after injury. Some short-term increase in symptoms occurred on several occasions following treatment; however, treatment was well tolerated supporting the use of this protocol for a larger future clinical trial. Lay Summary Following injury to the skin, scars can become raised, red and reduce movement. Other common symptoms may include pain and itch. Previous studies suggest acupuncture may help symptomatic scars, but more research is needed to confirm this with larger samples of patients. This case study tested the active treatment protocol for a clinical trial using acupuncture on symptomatic scars. A 71-year-old white man had a burn scar on his torso after a workplace accident. His treatment involved scar massage and local acupuncture. The acupuncture needles were inserted around the skin graft borders and thickened bands of scar tissue. Outcomes were measured using surveys recording symptoms, scar characteristics and quality of life. These were used to assess treatment effect and how well the protocol was tolerated. Over the course of treatment both pain and itch improved This case report showed that the treatment protocol was well tolerated, and that local acupuncture was associated with improved scar symptoms and physical characteristics up to six months after injury.
Changes in body mass index, weight, and height in children with acute myeloid leukemia and the associations with outcome
Authors: Iijima Mayuko , Stall Melanie , Wang Lei , Panetta John C. , Triplett Brandon M. , Pui Ching-Hon , Ribeiro Raul C. , Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Pounds Stanley B. , Inaba Hiroto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Little is known about body composition changes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during and after treatment or their associations with outcomes. Z-scores for body mass index (BMI), weight, and height at diagnosis, their longitudinal changes from diagnosis to 5 years off therapy, and their associations with adverse effects and outcomes were evaluated in 227 pediatric patients with AML enrolled in the AML02 and AML08 trials at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital between 2002-2017. The median Z-scores for baseline weight, height, and BMI were 0.193, 0.209, and 0.170, respectively, and those for weight and height decreased significantly during therapy to −0.038 and −0.163, respectively, at off-therapy (P &lt; .001 for both). At 5 years off therapy, the Z-scores for weight and BMI had increased significantly to 0.492 (P = .003) and 0.911 (P &lt; .001), respectively, whereas the height Z-score remained significantly lower at −0.066 (P &lt; .001) compared with baseline. The height Z-score of transplant recipients decreased further from −0.211 at transplant to −0.617 12 months later (P &lt; .001). Baseline BMI category and Z-score were not associated with outcomes, but higher weight Z-scores were associated with lower incidences of refractory or relapsed disease (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-0.99) and higher incidences of death in remission (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01-1.70). Furthermore, weight Z-score decrease during induction therapy was associated with gastrointestinal, hepatic, and infection toxicities during subsequent therapy and with death in remission (HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.11-6.45). Multidisciplinary monitoring for weight changes and short stature is required from diagnosis to the off-therapy period.
American Society of Hematology, ABHH, ACHO, Grupo CAHT, Grupo CLAHT, SAH, SBHH, SHU, SOCHIHEM, SOMETH, Sociedad Panameña de Hematología, Sociedad Peruana de Hematología, and SVH 2022 guidelines for prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgical and medical patients and long-distance travelers in Latin America
Authors: Neumann Ignacio , Izcovich Ariel , Aguilar Ricardo , Basantes Guillermo León , Casais Patricia , Colorio Cecilia C. , Esposito María Cecilia Guillermo , Lázaro Pedro P. García , Pereira Jaime , Meillon-García Luis A. , Rezende Suely Meireles , Serrano Juan Carlos , Valle Mario L. Tejerina , Vera Felipe , Karzulovic Lorena , Rada Gabriel , Schünemann Holger J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease in Latin American settings. Implementation of international guidelines in Latin American settings requires additional considerations.

Objective:
To provide evidence-based guidelines about VTE prevention for Latin American patients, clinicians, and decision makers.

Methods:
We used the GRADE ADOLOPMENT method to adapt recommendations from 2 American Society of Hematology (ASH) VTE guidelines (Prevention of VTE in Surgical Patients and Prophylaxis for Medical Patients). ASH and 12 local hematology societies formed a guideline panel composed of medical professionals from 10 countries in Latin America. Panelists prioritized 20 questions relevant to the Latin American context. A knowledge synthesis team updated evidence reviews of health effects conducted for the original ASH guidelines and summarized information about factors specific to the Latin American context, that is, values and preferences, resources, accessibility, feasibility, and impact on health equity.

Results:
The panel agreed on 21 recommendations. In comparison with the original guideline, 6 recommendations changed direction and 4 recommendations changed strength.

Conclusions:
This guideline ADOLOPMENT project highlighted the importance of contextualization of recommendations in other settings, based on differences in values, resources, feasibility, and health equity impact.
Identifying pathways regulating the oncogenic p53 family member ΔNp63 provides therapeutic avenues for squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pokorna Zuzana , Vyslouzil Jan , Vojtesek Borivoj , Coates Philip J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
ΔNp63 overexpression is a common event in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that contributes to tumorigenesis, making ΔNp63 a potential target for therapy.

Methods
We created inducible TP63-shRNA cells to study the effects of p63-depletion in SCC cell lines and non-malignant HaCaT keratinocytes. DNA damaging agents, growth factors, signaling pathway inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and metabolism-modifying drugs were also investigated for their ability to influence ΔNp63 protein and mRNA levels.

Results
HaCaT keratinocytes, FaDu and SCC-25 cells express high levels of ΔNp63. HaCaT and FaDu inducible TP63-shRNA cells showed reduced proliferation after p63 depletion, with greater effects on FaDu than HaCaT cells, compatible with oncogene addiction in SCC. Genotoxic insults and histone deacetylase inhibitors variably reduced ΔNp63 levels in keratinocytes and SCC cells. Growth factors that regulate proliferation/survival of squamous cells (IGF-1, EGF, amphiregulin, KGF, and HGF) and PI3K, mTOR, MAPK/ERK or EGFR inhibitors showed lesser and inconsistent effects, with dual inhibition of PI3K and mTOR or EGFR inhibition selectively reducing ΔNp63 levels in HaCaT cells. In contrast, the antihyperlipidemic drug lovastatin selectively increased ΔNp63 in HaCaT cells.

Conclusions
These data confirm that ΔNp63-positive SCC cells require p63 for continued growth and provide proof of concept that p63 reduction is a therapeutic option for these tumors. Investigations of ΔNp63 regulation identified agent-specific and cell-specific pathways. In particular, dual inhibition of the PI3K and mTOR pathways reduced ΔNp63 more effectively than single pathway inhibition, and broad-spectrum histone deacetylase inhibitors showed a time-dependent biphasic response, with high level downregulation at the transcriptional level within 24 h. In addition to furthering our understanding of ΔNp63 regulation in squamous cells, these data identify novel drug combinations that may be useful for p63-based therapy of SCC.
Genome-wide analysis of the CCT gene family in Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and characterization of PbPRR2 in response to varying light signals
Authors: Liu Zheng , Liu Jia-Li , An Lin , Wu Tao , Yang Li , Cheng Yin-Sheng , Nie Xian-Shuang , Qin Zhong-Qi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCanopy architecture is critical in determining the light environment and subsequently the photosynthetic productivity of fruit crops. Numerous CCT domain-containing genes are crucial for plant adaptive responses to diverse environmental cues. TwoCCTgenes, the orthologues ofAtPRR5in pear, have been reported to be strongly correlated with photosynthetic performance under distinct canopy microclimates. However, knowledge concerning the specific expression patterns and roles of pear CCT family genes (PbCCTs) remains very limited. The key roles played byPbCCTsin the light response led us to examine this large gene family in more detail.ResultsGenome-wide sequence analysis identified 42 putativePbCCTsin the genome of pear (Pyrus bretschneideriRehd.). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these genes were divided into five subfamilies, namely, COL (14 members), PRR (8 members), ZIM (6 members), TCR1 (6 members) and ASML2 (8 members). Analysis of exon–intron structures and conserved domains provided support for the classification. Genome duplication analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication/segmental duplication events played a crucial role in the expansion of the CCT family in pear and that the CCT family evolved under the effect of purifying selection. Expression profiles exhibited diverse expression patterns ofPbCCTsin various tissues and in response to varying light signals. Additionally, transient overexpression ofPbPRR2in tobacco leaves resulted in inhibition of photosynthetic performance, suggesting its possible involvement in the repression of photosynthesis.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive analysis of theCCTgene family in pear and will facilitate further functional investigations ofPbCCTsto uncover their biological roles in the light response.
Prioritization of indicators of the quality of care provided to older adults with frailty by key stakeholders from five canadian provinces
Authors: Giguere Anik , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna M. , Straus Sharon E. , Urquhart Robin , Turcotte Véronique , Durand Pierre J. , Turgeon Alexis 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo meet the needs of older adults with frailty better, it is essential to understand which aspects of care are important from their perspective. We therefore sought to assess the importance of a set of quality indicators (QI) for monitoring outcomes in this population.MethodsIn this mixed-method study, key stakeholders completed a survey on the importance of 36 QIs, and then explained their ratings in a semi-structured interview. Stakeholders included older adults with frailty and their caregivers, healthcare providers (HCPs), and healthcare administrators or policy/decision makers (DMs). We conducted descriptive statistical analyses of quantitative variables, and deductive thematic qualitative analyses of interview transcripts.ResultsThe 42 participants (8 older adults, 18 HCPs, and 16 DMs) rated six QIs as more important: increasing the patients’ quality of life; increasing healthcare staff skills; decreasing patients’ symptoms; decreasing family caregiver burden; increasing patients’ satisfaction with care; and increasing family doctor continuity of care.ConclusionsKey stakeholders prioritized QIs that focus on outcomes targeted to patients and caregivers, whereas the current healthcare systems generally focus on processes of care. Quality improvement initiatives should therefore take better account of aspects of care that are important for older adults with frailty, such as having a chance to express their individual goals of care, receiving quality communications from HCPs, or monitoring symptoms that they might not spontaneously describe. Our results point to the need for patient-centred care that is oriented toward quality of life for older adults with frailty.
The changing pattern of bacterial and fungal respiratory isolates in patients with and without COVID-19 admitted to intensive care unit
Authors: Zuglian Gianluca , Ripamonti Diego , Tebaldi Alessandra , Cuntrò Marina , Riva Ivano , Farina Claudio , Rizzi Marco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has had a heavy impact on national health system, especially in the first wave. That impact hit principally the intensive care units (ICUs). The large number of patients requiring hospitalization in ICUs lead to a complete upheaval of intensive wards. The increase in bed, the fewer number of nurses per patient, the constant use of personal protective equipment, the new antimicrobial surveillance protocols could have had deeply effects on microbiological flora of these wards. Moreover, the overconsumption of antimicrobial therapy in COVID-19 patients, like several studies report, could have impact of this aspect. Aim of this study is to evaluate the changing pattern of microbiological respiratory isolates during and before COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary hospital ICUs.

Methods
A retrospective, observational study was conducted in ICUs of “ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII”, a large tertiary referral hospital in Northern Italy. We have retrospectively collected the microbiological data from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and tracheal aspirate (TA) of patients with COVID-19, hospitalized in ICUs from 22nd February 2020 to 31st May 2020 (Period 1), and without COVID-19, from 22nd February 2019 to 31st May 2019 (Period 2). We compared the prevalence and the antibiotic profile of bacterial and fungal species in the two time periods.

Results
The prevalence of Pseudomonas spp. shows a statistically significant increase from patients without COVID-19 compared to COVID-19 positive as well as the prevalence of Enterococcus spp. On the contrary, the prevalence of Gram negative non fermenting bacteria (GN-NFB), Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae showed a significant reduction between two periods. There was a statistically significant increase in resistance of Pseudomonas spp. to carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam and Enterobacterales spp. for piperacillin/tazobactam, in COVID-19 positive patients compared to patients without COVID-19. We did not observe significant changing in fungal respiratory isolates.

Conclusions
A changing pattern in prevalence and resistance profiles of bacterial and fungal species was observed during COVID-19 pandemic.
Serum homocysteine is associated with tubular interstitial lesions at the early stage of IgA nephropathy
Authors: Li Zizhen , Han Qianqian , Ye Hongbo , Li Jiajia , Wei Xiaona , Zhang Rui , Huang Qiuyan , Xu Yanchun , Liu Guanxian , Li Bin , Yang Qiongqiong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association between homocysteine (Hcy) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the relationship between Hcy and clinicopathologic features in IgAN patients.MethodsA total of 337 IgAN patients and 150 sex- and age- matched healthy controls were enrolled in this single-center retrospective study. According to Hcy ≤ 10 μmol/L or > 10 μmol/L, patients were divided into low and high Hcy groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the risk factors for elevated Hcy.ResultsSerum Hcy was higher in IgAN patients than in healthy controls [11.6 (9.1,15.3) vs. 8.8 (7.5,10.6) μmol/L,P < 0.001], unanimously in the subgroup of 156 patients with a normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (≥ 90 ml/min/1.73 m2) [9.9 (7.6,12.4) vs. 8.8 (7.5,10.6) μmol/L,P < 0.001]. Compared to the low Hcy group, serum creatinine (Scr), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), endocapillary hypercellularity (E) and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis lesion (T) were higher in the high Hcy group. Hcy levels were positively correlated with Scr, BUN, UA, 24-h urine protein, and E and T lesions, but negatively correlated with eGFR and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In the subgroup with normal eGFR, patients with higher Hcy were persistent with higher Scr, BUN and T lesions. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that the risk of elevated Hcy in patients with pathological T increased by 2.87-fold. T lesions could better predict high Hcy, with an odds ratio (OR) of 14.20 in the subgroup with normal eGFR.ConclusionsPathologic T was an independent risk factor associated with elevated Hcy, especially at the early stage of IgAN.