bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems of collaboration: challenges and solutions for interdisciplinary research in AI and social robotics
Authors: Zeller Frauke , Dwyer Lauren 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article examines the challenges and opportunities that arise when engaging with research across disciplines, contributing to the growth of social robotics and artificially intelligent systems. Artificial intelligence has a significant role to play in human–machine communication; however, there are barriers to its adoption and considerations towards systematic implementation for the good of people and societies. This perspective piece considers the position of artificial intelligence in systems of human–machine communication. The study of artificial intelligent systems is one of discovery, trial, and error through a melting pot of methodologies, and this interdisciplinary nature is explored through the perspective of researchers at the centre of collaboration coming from artificial intelligence, robotics, and communication.
Islamic virtue-based ethics for artificial intelligence
Authors: Raquib Amana , Channa Bilal , Zubair Talat , Qadir Junaid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe twenty-first century technological advances driven by exponential rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technology have ushered in a new era that offers many of us hitherto unimagined luxuries and facilities. However, under the guise of this progressive discourse, particularly in the backdrop of current neo-liberal late-capitalist postmodern world, AI development also has prompted an increasingly uncertain ethical tomorrow. This paper aims to probe the question of ethics by exploring the true ramifications of AI and interrogating its various ethical dimensions. It questions the essential goodness that is attributed to unstinted AI development before elucidating the ethical repercussions of AI advancements and the aptness of the current market logics and business models that govern the tech-industry. The paper next positions a holistic Islamic virtue-based AI ethics framework grounded in the context of Islamic objectives (maqāṣid) as an alternative ethical system for AI governance. We argue that this distinctive Islamic virtue-based ethical approach, which can be used to explore AI-related ethical problems more holistically due to its ontological base and rich tradition while keeping in check undue influence from the current socio-politico-economic climate, can be a valuable addition to the global discourse on AI ethics.
Existence Results for Fractional Choquard Equations with Critical or Supercritical Growth
Authors: Hu Dongpo , Zheng Zhaowen , Liu Ming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following fractional Choquard equation with critical or supercritical growth $$\begin{aligned} \ (-\Delta )^su+V(x)u=f(x,u)+\lambda \left[ |x|^{-\mu }*|u|^p\right] p|u|^{p-2}u, \quad x \in {\mathbb {R}}^N, \end{aligned}$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

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+
V

(
x
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=
f

(
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,
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)

+
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∗

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p

p

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∈

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,

where $$0<s<1$$

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<
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1

, $$(-\Delta )^s$$

(
-
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)

s

denotes the fractional Laplacian of order s, $$N>2s$$

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>
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, $$0<\mu <2s$$

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and $$p\ge 2_{\mu ,s}^*:=\frac{2N-\mu }{N-2s}$$

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=

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-
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, which is the critical exponent in the sense of Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality. Under some suitable conditions, we prove that the equation admits a nontrivial solution for small $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

by variational methods, which extends results in Bhattarai in J. Differ. Equ. 263, 3197–3229 (2017).
Challenges and threats to quality in scholarly knowledge production: views of selected stakeholders from 17 countries
Authors: Starkey Jesse C. , Koerber Amy , Cummins R. Glenn , Ardon-Dryer Karin , Eko Lyombe , Kee Kerk F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study applies Harvey and Green’s (1993) model of quality to scholarly knowledge production. Although studies of quality in higher education have been commonplace for decades, there is a gap in understanding quality in terms of research production from stakeholders’ perspectives. This study begins to fill that gap through a qualitative interview study of quality in the knowledge production process. Stakeholders in all parts of the scholarly knowledge production process, from 17 countries, are included in the data sample. Analysis of interview data extends Harvey and Green’s (1993) model into the realm of knowledge production. Definitions and challenges of quality in producing scholarly knowledge are discussed. The findings indicate a rift between the institutional view of quality and the individual perceptions of quality, suggesting the need for institutional policies that respond to stakeholders’ perceptions of quality in scholarly knowledge production and celebrate, rather than erase, epistemic diversity.
Prevalence and microbiological and genetic characteristics of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa over three years in Qatar
Authors: Sid Ahmed Mazen A. , Abdel Hadi Hamad , Abu Jarir Sulieman , Ahmad Khan Faisal , Arbab Mohammed A. , Hamid Jemal M. , Alyazidi Mohammed A. , Al-Maslamani Muna A. , Skariah Sini , Sultan Ali A. , Al Khal Abdul Latif , Söderquist Bo , Ibrahim Emad Bashir , Jass Jana , Ziglam Hisham 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global priority with significant clinical and economic consequences. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major pathogens associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In healthcare settings, the evaluation of prevalence, microbiological characteristics, as well as mechanisms of resistance is of paramount importance to overcome associated challenges.

Methods:
Consecutive clinical specimens of P. aeruginosa were collected prospectively from 5 acute-care and specialized hospitals between October 2014 and September 2017, including microbiological, clinical characteristics and outcomes. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed using the BD Phoenix identification and susceptibility testing system, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test strips. Overall, 78 selected MDR P. aeruginosa isolates were processed for whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Results:
The overall prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa isolates was 5.9% (525 of 8,892) and showed a decreasing trend; 95% of cases were hospital acquired and 44.8% were from respiratory samples. MDR P. aeruginosa demonstrated >86% resistance to cefepime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam but 97.5% susceptibility to colistin. WGS revealed 29 different sequence types: 20.5% ST235, 10.3% ST357, 7.7% ST389, and 7.7% ST1284. ST233 was associated with bloodstream infections and increased 30-day mortality. All ST389 isolates were obtained from patients with cystic fibrosis. Encoded exotoxin genes were detected in 96.2% of isolates.

Conclusions:
MDR P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens from Qatar has significant resistance to most agents, with a decreasing trend that should be explored further. Genomic analysis revealed the dominance of 5 main clonal clusters associated with mortality and bloodstream infections. Microbiological and genomic monitoring of MDR P. aeruginosa has enhanced our understanding of AMR in Qatar.
Between pronouns and R-expressions: Pronoun-like lexical noun phrases
Authors: Kučerová Ivona , Szczegielniak Adam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe discuss an empirical study that suggests a finer categorization of pronouns versus lexical noun phrases in terms of their feature valuation. We argue that not all lexical noun phrases have their ϕ-features valued from the lexicon. By investigating Polish politeness markers, we demonstrate that certain noun phrases can have their features (specifically, the person feature) valued in a manner parallel to feature valuation in free pronouns. The proposal thus refines our understanding of the categorial distinction between different types of nominals, and suggests that in addition to known morphological and syntactic variation in the domain of pronouns and lexical noun phrases, there is a more fine-tuned classification of feature valuation types.
Can You Keep a Secret? BS Conspiracy Theories and the Argument from Loose Lips
Authors: Ross Ryan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccording to an argument that I will call the argument from loose lips, we can safely reject certain notorious conspiracy theories because they posit conspiracies that would be nearly impossible to keep secret. I distinguish between three versions of this argument: the epistemic argument, the alethic argument, and the statistical argument. I, then, discuss several limitations of the argument from loose lips. The first limitation is that only the statistical argument can be applied to new conspiracy theories. The second limitation is that no version of the argument suffices to rule out the existence of small initial conspiracies that have no need to add further conspirators. The third limitation is that no version of the argument is dialectically efficacious in the context of arguing with the relevant conspiracy theorists because nothing is said to address the alleged evidence that they cite.
What Motivates Emerging Economy Firms to Internationalize? A Replication and Extension of Ahsan et al. (2020) in the Context of China
Authors: Huang Can , Conde Felix , Cui Lin , Fu Yao 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTAhsan, Sinha, and Srinivasan (2020) studied the motives of knowledge-intensive Indian firms’ international expansion based on resource-based considerations and the locational advantages offered by host countries. They identified firm characteristics associated with strategic asset-seeking, opportunity-seeking, and market-seeking motives. In this replication study, we examine Ahsan et al.'s (2020) model in the Chinese context. Based on our improved empirical model, our findings reveal some similarities but more importantly some key differences in the antecedents of internationalization motives between Indian and Chinese firms. Drawing on insights from prior studies, we propose that these differences can be attributed to differences in absorptive capacity, international expansion scales and patterns, ownership type, and the home institutional contexts in which Indian and Chinese firms operate. Overall, this replication study demonstrates the importance of contextualizing international business research.
UNDER THE IMPRESSION: MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING OF LORD FREDERICK CAMPBELL CHARTER XXI 5
Authors: Hudson Alison , Duffy Christina 
Published: June 2022

Lord Frederick Campbell Charterxxi5 is the only surviving English document that still has an authentic, legible, pre-Conquest seal attached to it. The text purports to be a writ of Edward the Confessor (1003x5–1066) granting a slew of rights to Christ Church Cathedral, Canterbury. We examined the writ using multispectral imaging to recover layers of erased text.Many scholars have noted that the text of the writ was altered on at least one occasion. Now, multispectral imaging confirms that there were multiple layers of erasures, even more than previously anticipated. The original writ may have been inscribed on reused parchment. This can be used as evidence for the conditions (and even the immense quantity) in which writs were produced during Edward’s reign. Alternatively – or additionally – the writ’s multiple alterations could suggest that it was rewritten repeatedly after the Conquest, during various phases of Canterbury’s post-Conquest property disputes. The results confirm Nicholas Brooks’ hypothesis that at one stage the text was altered from referring to the rights to the archbishop alone (in the singular), to instead refer to the whole community at Christ Church (in the plural). Taken together, these results reveal shifts in legal thinking in Canterbury between 1066 and 1100, while demonstrating the enduring authority of Edward the Confessor’s seal. These results also show the potential for using multispectral imaging to illuminate – literally – the history of manuscript production.
Contested duplicates: disputed negotiations surrounding ethnographic doppelgängers in German New Guinea, 1898–1914
Authors: Buschmann Rainer F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe issue of duplicates and duplication in ethnographic collection is frequently regarded as a process that begins and ends in the museum as a fundamental act of the process of curating. In contrast, this article maintains, this practice occurred all along the chain of collecting, where indigenous artefacts operated as items of exchange in the context of the colonial encounter. Using the example of German New Guinea, the article maintains that epistemological concerns, as symbolic currency both in terms of inter-museum exchange and in terms of contributing to individual and institutional prestige, guiding ethnographic intuitions had little influence on colonial resident collectors. Colonial residents, who resented the heavy hand of colonial and museum officials in Berlin, infused duplication with their own desires, which included commercial gain or the conferment of the many German state decorations. The colonized indigenous population benefited from the increasing demand for their material culture, which provided valuable items and bargaining chips in the emerging colonial exchange. Duplicates are identified as doppelgängers to explore the political tensions that emerged in connection with duplication among museum officials and European and indigenous colonial residents.
Multistate outbreak of Salmonella Mbandaka infections linked to sweetened puffed wheat cereal – United States, 2018
Authors: Keaton Amelia A. , Schwensohn Colin A. , Brandenburg Joshua M. , Pereira Evelyn , Adcock Brandon , Tecle Selam , Hinnenkamp Rachel , Havens Jeff , Bailey Kim , Applegate Brad , Whitney Pamela , Gibson Deborah , Manion Kathy , Griffin Michelle , Ritter Joy , Biskupiak Carrie , Ajileye Kadri , Golwalkar Mugdha , Gosciminski Michael , Viveiros Brendalee , Caron Genevieve , McCullough Laine , Smith Lori , Vidyaprakash Eshaw , Doyle Matthew , Hardy Cerise , Elliot Elisa L. , Gieraltowski Laura B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In May of 2018, PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for enteric pathogens, detected a multistate cluster of illnesses caused by an uncommon molecular subtype of Salmonella serovar Mbandaka. A case was defined as an illness in a person infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Mbandaka with illness onset on or after 3 March 2018 and before 1 September 2018. One-hundred thirty-six cases from 36 states were identified; 35 hospitalisations and no deaths were reported. Ill people ranged in age from <1 year to 95 years (median: 57 years). When standardised questionnaires did not generate a strong hypothesis, opened-ended interviews were performed. Sixty-three of 84 (75%) ultimately reported consuming or possibly consuming a specific sweetened puffed wheat cereal in the week before illness onset. Environmental sampling performed at the cereal manufacturing facility yielded the outbreak strain. The outbreak strain was also isolated from open cereal samples from ill people's homes and from a sealed retail sample. Due to these findings, the brand owner of the product issued a voluntary recall of the cereal on 14 June 2018. Additional investigation of the manufacturing facility identified persistent environmental contamination with Salmonella Mbandaka that was closely genetically related to other isolates in the outbreak. This investigation highlights the ability of Salmonella to survive in low-moisture environments, and the potential for prolonged outbreaks linked to products with long shelf lives and large distribution areas.
Distribution and habitat use of the endemic Yungas GuanPenelope bridgesiin the Southern Yungas of Argentina
Authors: TEJERINA SILVANA , BARDAVID SOFIA , POLITI NATALIA , BERNARDOS JAIME , PIDGEON ANNA , RIVERA LUIS OSVALDO 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIdentifying the factors that determine the spatial distribution and habitat use of species of conservation importance is essential to developing effective conservation and management strategies. As seed dispersers, guans play a key role in the regeneration of forests in South America and are threatened mainly by habitat loss and hunting pressure. The Yungas GuanPenelope bridgesi, an endemic species restricted to the Southern Yungas of Argentina and Bolivia, has been recently recognized as a separate species. To determine the conservation status of Yungas Guan, information on its distribution and habitat use is urgently needed. The objectives of our work were to 1) determine the potential distribution of the Yungas Guan in the Southern Yungas of Argentina and 2) assess the influence of environmental and anthropogenic covariables on habitat use of the species. We used records of Yungas Guan to model the potential distribution of the species with MaxEnt software and developed occupancy models to determine habitat use and influential elements of the landscape (puestos, urban areas, roads, rivers, and elevation). We obtained data on the presence of Yungas Guan with camera traps, with an effort of 6,990 camera trap-days. The total potential distribution of the species was 21,256 km2. We found that the habitat use by Yungas Guan increased with proximity to rivers and streams. The probability of habitat use was 0.27, with a range of 0.02–0.42. Of the total potential distribution area, 15,781 km2(81%) had a probability of habitat use greater than 0.2. This study is the first in determining the potential distribution of Yungas Guan in the Southern Yungas of Salta and Jujuy provinces in Argentina and highlights the importance of conducting analyses with occupancy models to assess the influence of environmental and anthropogenic variables and threats to cracid species.
Anxiety symptoms and associated functional impairment in children with CHD in a neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic
Authors: Cunningham Sean , Campbell Kathleen , Miller Thomas , Winter Sarah , Presson Angela , Ou Zhining , Glotzbach Kristi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectives:To examine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated functional impairment to adaptive skills among elementary-aged children with CHD and to determine the need for anxiety screening in this high-risk population.Study design:In a single-centre retrospective, cohort design, caregivers reported anxiety symptoms using Conner’s scales and functional impairment to adaptive skills using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System. A total of 194 children were stratified across two cohorts: early elementary (ages 3–6 years) and late elementary (ages 6–14 years). Descriptive statistics summarised the frequency of anxiety symptoms and functional impairment. Spearman’s correlations compared anxiety symptoms to functional impairment of adaptive functioning. Univariable logistic regressions examined demographic and clinical characteristics associated with anxiety symptoms.Results:The majority of patients presented with anxiety, early elementary (63%), and late elementary cohorts (78%). Functional impairment was moderately correlated with anxiety symptoms in the early elementary cohort (rs = −.42, 95% CI [−0.58, −0.21], p = <.001). Greater anxiety symptoms were associated with lower cardiac complexity at primary age of surgery in the late elementary cohort (OR = 12.15, p = 0.019). Lesser anxiety symptoms were associated with having private insurance (OR = 0.25, p = 0.014).Conclusion:This study demonstrates anxiety symptoms are common and associated with functional impairment to adaptive functioning in younger children with CHD. No clear clinical predictors exist for anxiety symptoms or functional impairment; therefore, screening for anxiety symptoms may need to be added to standard clinical assessment of all children with CHD participating in neurodevelopmental follow-up.
“The Silent Partner”: Tonearms and Modular Masculinities in U.S. Midcentury Hi-Fi Culture
Authors: Smith-Biwer Kelli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdvertisements for audio equipment in midcentury magazines, such as High Fidelity and HiFi Review, shaped the constructions that determined how masculinity was modeled, embodied, and fashioned in the United States at midcentury. A hi-fi setup was a material expression of self and masculinity that could be ever tweaked, refashioned, and adjusted. Tonearms, however, were (and still are) delicate, troublesome, and, when improperly calibrated, capable of destroying record grooves. Manufacturers, advertisers, and magazine contributors who strategically gendered other technologies as masculine—such as amplifiers and speakers—struggled to imbue tonearms with the same virility, toughness, and power. If the hi-fi system served as an embodied simulacrum of the masculine self, then the tonearm was a necessary and omni-present symbolic point of gendered questioning in masculine identity formation. In this article, I argue that the tonearm is a site of fluidity and ambiguity within a modular masculine system, and I demonstrate that the discourses around tonearms in 1950s hi-fi magazines provide an alternative window into discussions of gender and sexuality in United States print culture. Through image analysis and close reading of advertisements and equipment reviews, I decentralize hegemonic masculinity and make room for readings that draw upon feminist and queer theory. More broadly, I submit that mid-twentieth-century hi-fi discourses do not produce a single brand of anxiously conforming maleness, but rather an array of modular masculinities.
Kinetic Energy Generation in Cross‐Equatorial Flow and the Somali Jet
Authors: Seshadri Ashwin K. , Dixit Vishal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn response to north‐south pressure gradients set by the annual march of the Sun, a cross‐equatorial flow that turns to become a low‐level Somali Jet at around 10°N is established in the lower troposphere over the Indian Ocean. This flow plays a fundamental role in the Indian monsoon. A mechanistic understanding of drivers of this flow is lacking. Here, we present a seasonal‐mean analysis of the kinetic energy (KE) budget of the low‐level flow using high spatiotemporal resolution ERA5 reanalysis to identify sources and sinks of KE. We find that the largest KE generation occurs around East African orography where the Somali Jet forms while significant KE is also generated over the Western Ghats and the Madagascar Island (“hot spots”). These regions are distant from core monsoon precipitation regions, suggesting that local circulations driven by condensation do not directly produce the bulk of KE during monsoons. A unique KE balance supports the generation of the Somali Jet, with KE generation balanced by nonlinear KE advection as it forms. Over oceans, KE generation occurs mainly due to cross‐isobaric meridional winds in the boundary layer (BL). In contrast, over the East African highlands and Western Ghats, KE generation maximizes just above the BL and mainly occurs due to the interaction of flow with orography. We propose a simple decomposition of lower tropospheric KE generation into contributions from surface pressure, orography, and free‐tropospheric gradients that corroborate the important role played by surface pressure gradients once adjusted for effects of orography.