bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microplegia in paediatric hearts
Authors: Münch Frank , Kwapil Nicola , Teske Andreas , Rüffer Andre , Dittrich Sven , Volk Tilmann , Purbojo Ariawan , Cesnjevar R 
Published: September 2022

Introduction A basic prerequisite for a good surgical outcome in heart surgery is optimal myocardial protection. However, cardioplegia strategies used in adult cardiac surgery are not directly transferable to infant hearts. Paediatric microplegia, analogous to Calafiore cardioplegia used in adult cardiac surgery, offers the advantage of safe myocardial protection without haemodilution. The use of concentration-dependent paediatric microplegia is new in clinical implementation. Material and methods Paediatric microplegia has been in clinical use in our institution since late 2014. It is applied via an 1/8 inch tube of a S5-HLM roller pump (LivaNova, Italy). As cardioplegic additive, a mixture of potassium (K) 20 mL (2 mmol/mL potassium chloride 14.9% Braun) and magnesium (Mg) 10 mL (4 mmol/mL Mg-sulphate Verla® i. v. 50%) is fixed into a syringe-pump (B. Braun, Germany). This additive is mixed with arterial patient blood from the oxygenator in different flow dependent ratios to form an effective cardioplegia. Technique After microplegia application of initially 25 mmol/L K with 11 mmol/L Mg for 2 min, a safe cardioplegic cardiac arrest is achieved, which after release of the coronary circulation, immediately returns to a spontaneous cardiac-rhythm. In the case of prolonged aortic clamping, microplegia is repeated every 20 min with a reduction of the application dose of K by 20% and Mg by 30% (20 mmol/L K; 8.5 mmol/L Mg) and a further reduction down to a maintenance dose (15 mmol/L K; 6 mmol/L Mg) after additional 20 min. Summary The microplegia adapted to the needs of paediatric myocardium is convincing due to its simple technical implementation for the perfusionist while avoiding haemodilution. However, the required intraoperative interval of microplegia of approx. 20 min demands adapted intraoperative management from the surgeon.
The low risk for early renal damage during lithium treatment has not changed over time
Authors: Golic Mihaela , Aiff Harald , Attman Per-Ola , Ramsauer Bernd , Schön Staffan , Steingrimsson Steinn , Svedlund Jan 
Published: September 2022

Background: Modern lithium management guidelines were introduced to improve the renal prognosis of lithium patients. Aims: To examine whether prospects for severe renal impairment (defined as chronic kidney disease at least stage 4 (CKD4)), in long-term lithium patients, have changed over time after the introduction of lithium monitoring guidelines. Methods: The time to and hazard for CKD4 were compared between three patient cohorts who started long-term lithium in three consecutive decades: 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. The follow-up time was 10 years after completion of 1-year treatment. The data were collected from Sahlgrenska University Hospital’s laboratory database. Results: In all, 2169 patients were included: 623 in Cohort 1 (started lithium during 1980s), 874 in Cohort 2 (1990s) and 672 in Cohort 3 (2000s). Compliance with lithium monitoring guidelines improved, and mean serum lithium decreased, through the cohorts. In all, 22 patients developed CKD4 during follow-up. The time to CKD4 was the same in all three cohorts (overall: 10.96 years, 95% confidence interval: 10.94–11 years). Age and serum creatinine concentration at start were significant risk factors, while sex had no prognostic value. After adjusting for the significant covariates, there was no statistically significant difference in the hazard for CKD4 between the three cohorts. Conclusion: The risk for severe renal damage during the first decade of long-term lithium is low, but has not changed over time. Our data suggest that improved compliance with lithium guidelines is not reflected in less risk for severe renal damage.
Failure to achieve reduction on developmental dysplasia of hip: an ultrasound evaluation
Authors: Shi Miao , Ban Yongguang , Luan Qinhua , Guo Lingfei , Wang Yanzhou , Li Tianyou , Zhao Qinghua , Pan Xiaojie , Li Xin , Teng Jianbo 
Published: September 2022

Background Ultrasound examination of the medial side of the hip joint has been rarely used to evaluate the status of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Pavlik harness treatment according to the literature. Purpose To analyze the effects of cartilaginous acetabulum, hip joint labrum, and acetabular tissue on the reduction of DDH. Material and Methods A total of 50 cases (100 hips) were detected by the Graf method with a high-frequency linear transducer (L 5–12), and there were 59 dislocated hips and 41 non-dislocated hips. Patients were treated with a Pavlik harness. Ultrasound examination of the medial side of the hip joint was performed for follow-up. The hip joints were divided into three groups: the non-dislocated group; the reducible group; and the non-reducible group. Results The success rate of reduction was significantly higher when the acetabulum cartilage was located on the cephalic side (chi-square = 28.12, P < 0.001). The success rate was also significantly higher when the hip joint labrum was located on the cephalic side (chi-square = 17.21, P < 0.001). Type III and D had a higher success rate of reduction than type IV ( P < 0.001). The pairwise comparison of the measurements of acetabular tissue between the non-dislocated group, the reducible group, and the non-reducible group showed statistical differences ( P < 0.001). Conclusion The present study confirmed that the location of acetabulum cartilage and hip joint labrum affected the outcome of treatment. The degree of dislocation and the amount of acetabular tissue were correlated with the success rate of treatment.
Determinants of Biomechanical Efficiency in Collegiate and Professional Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Crotin Ryan L. , Slowik Jonathan S. , Brewer Gene , Cain E. Lyle , Fleisig Glenn S. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Biomechanical efficiency, defined as fastball velocity per unit of normalized elbow varus torque, is a relatively new metric applied to improving the performance and health of baseball pitching. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this work was to evaluate kinematic parameters influencing biomechanical efficiency among professional and collegiate pitchers. Kinematic differences were compared between pitchers of high and low biomechanical efficiency. We hypothesized that professional pitchers would have greater biomechanical efficiency than collegiate pitchers. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A deidentified biomechanical database of 545 pitchers (447 professional, 98 collegiate) was analyzed. A multivariate linear regression model was used to evaluate significant findings a priori with α = .05. Additionally, biomechanical differences were identified between competition levels and between high and low biomechanical efficiency groups using Mann-Whitney U test (α = .05). Results: Competition level and 11 (of 21) kinematic variables explained 27% of the variance in biomechanical efficiency, with most of the predictors being throwing arm kinematics (elbow flexion at stride foot contact [SFC]: β, −1.47; SE, 0.26; shoulder abduction at SFC: β, −1.78; SE, 0.39; shoulder external rotation at SFC: β, 0.60; SE, 0.22; maximum external rotation [MER] angle: β, 1.82; SE, 0.42; shoulder horizontal adduction at MER: β, −3.42; SE, 0.71) (all P≤ .05). Professional pitchers had greater biomechanical efficiency than collegiate pitchers (711.0 ± 101.0 vs 657.0 ± 99.3, respectively; P < .001; d = 0.53). Compared with the low-efficiency group, the high-efficiency group had significantly lower normalized elbow varus torque with greater weight and height (high: 0.047 ± 0.004 %wt*ht vs. low: 0.063 ± 0.006 %wt*ht, P <.001; d = 3.20). At the instant of SFC, the high-efficiency group demonstrated greater shoulder external rotation and less elbow flexion, shoulder abduction, and pelvic rotation. The high-efficiency group also had greater MER and less shoulder horizontal adduction at MER, trunk side tilt at ball release, and knee excursion from foot contact to ball release. Conclusion: Professional pitchers had greater biomechanical efficiency than collegiate pitchers. Biomechanical efficiency was also affected by 11 kinematic variables identified in this study. Pitchers with higher efficiency had distinct differences in arm position, trunk side tilt, and lead-knee extension range of motion in the delivery. Thus, pitchers and baseball organizations should focus on these factors to lower normalized elbow varus torque relative to ball velocity.
Understanding the Drivers of the Gender Productivity Gap in the Economics Profession
Authors: Wesselbaum Dennis 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, I construct a novel data set from individual curriculum vitae of economists at the top 100 US departments to study gender differences in the drivers of scholarly performance. Using a Shapley decomposition procedure to estimate the contribution of each driver in explaining the variation in mean and inequality of research performance, I find that for women, current placement is a more important driver of performance and inequality in performance compared to men. For men, co-authorship is the most important driver. Overall, my results suggest that networks are the key driver of performance and of inequality in performance. JEL codes: A14, J16, J24
MMP16as NSCL ± P Susceptible Gene in Western Han Chinese
Authors: Lin Yansong , Shi Jiayu , Shi Bing , Jia Zhonglin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe role of MMP16 in lip development is unclear. This study aimed to identify nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL ± P) susceptible loci of MMP16 in western Han Chinese.DesignWe performed targeted sequencing around MMP16 combined with a 2-phase association analysis on common variants. Phase 2 association analysis was performed with NSCL ± P specific subphenotypes (NSCL and NSCLP). Then we used rare variants burden analysis and genotyping, accompanied by motif analysis.SettingThis study was completed in a tertiary medical center.Patients, ParticipantsPhase 1 targeted sequencing included 159 patients with NSCL ± P and 542 normal controls; phase 2 included 1626 patients with NSCL ± P (1047 NSCL and 579 NSCLP) and 2255 normal controls.InterventionsVenous blood samples were collected from patients and used to extract DNA.Main Outcome MeasuresAfter Bonferroni correction, phase 1 significant threshold of p-value was 4.28 × 10−5(0.05/1167 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]), and phase 2 was .00025 (0.05/200 SNPs). Burden analysis significant threshold p-value was .05.ResultsCommon variants phase 1 association analysis identified 11 statistically significant SNPs (lowest p = 1.90 × 10−9, odds ratio (OR) = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.17-0.44), phase 2 replication identified 16 SNPs in NSCL ± P (lowest p = 6.26 × 10−6, OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69-0.86) and 9 in NSCL (lowest p = 8.44 × 10−5, OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66-0.87). Rare variants burden analysis showed no significant results, genotyping results showed they were maternally inherited.ConclusionsOur study identified MMP16 susceptible SNPs in NSCL ± P and NSCL, emphasizing its potential role in lip development. Our study also highlighted the importance to perform association analysis with subphenotypes divided.
Immune-related pneumonitis requiring low-dose prednisone maintenance in one patient with durable complete response
Authors: Zhou Yu , Ma Baozhen , Li Tiepeng , Gao Quanli , Zhao Lingdi 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Immune-related pneumonitis is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse event associated with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 therapy, and has a higher recurrence rate than that of other pneumonitis. Glucocorticoids are the first treatment of choice for patients with immune-related pneumonitis over grade 1. Given the toxicity associated with glucocorticoids, they should be withdrawn gradually as soon as pneumonitis is controlled. However, low-dose glucocorticoids are maintained in some patients to prevent immune-related pneumonitis. Case report We report a rare case of a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma who developed grade 2 immune-related pneumonitis, requiring long-term low-dose glucocorticoid maintenance therapy, during which pneumonitis disappeared, and complete response was achieved. Management and outcome Tislelizumab treatment was stopped tentatively, and the patient was given prednisone at an initiating dose of 1 mg/kg/d. The cough symptoms were relieved significantly, and pneumonitis was reduced. The prednisone gradually dwindled, but the immune-related pneumonitis was recurrent, requiring prednisone 10 mg daily maintenance therapy. Subsequently, prednisone and tislelizumab were administered simultaneously, and at present, pneumonitis disappeared and the lesions are in complete remission. Discussion Low-dose glucocorticoids might play an important role in controlling the recurrence and development of immune-related pneumonitis. The dose and course of glucocorticoid in immune-related pneumonitis patients should be individualized to minimize the toxicity of glucocorticoid.
Chemotherapy for Metastatic Gastric Cancer: Does Age Matter? A Single-Center, Retrospective, Real-World Study
Authors: Liao Po-Wei , Cheng Shao-Bin , Chou Cheng-Wei , Lin Hsin-Chen , Lin Cheng-Hsien , Chen Tsung-Chih , Hsu Chiann-Yi , Jerry Teng Chieh-Lin , Shih Yu-Hsuan 
Published: September 2022

Background: Palliative chemotherapy is the preferred standard of care for patients with metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). It remains uncertain whether older patients with mGC would benefit from palliative chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the clinical impact of palliative chemotherapy in older patients with mGC. Methods: This single-institute, retrospective, and real-world study included 428 patients with mGC between January 2009 and December 2019. Among them, 306 who received palliative chemotherapy were further stratified into 2 groups according to age: ≤70 (n = 236) and >70 (n = 70) years. The clinical demographics, outcomes, and hematologic toxicities of chemotherapy were compared between the 2 groups. Prognostic factors were determined using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Of the screened 428 patients, older patients had worse overall survival (OS) than younger patients. Among patients who received chemotherapy (n = 306), patients aged >70 and ⩽70 years had comparable progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. The incidence of severe hematologic toxicity was similar between the 2 groups. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or more metastatic sites, elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and undergoing palliative gastrectomy were independent prognostic factors for OS. Notably, age >70 years was not a significant factor for poor OS. Conclusions: Older age of >70 years might not be considered an obstacle to administering palliative chemotherapy to patients with mGC.
Cannabis use disorder in relation to socioeconomic factors and psychiatric comorbidity: A cluster analysis of three million individuals born in 1970–2000
Authors: Rabiee Rynaz , Lundin Andreas , Agardh Emilie , Allebeck Peter , Danielsson Anna-Karin 
Published: September 2022

Background: Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is one of the main reasons for seeking substance use treatment. It is thus important to monitor and increase knowledge of individuals with CUD utilizing healthcare. We aimed to examine the number of CUD diagnoses over time, compare individuals with CUD with those without and identify subgroups based on CUD diagnosis, sex, birth year, socioeconomic factors and psychiatric comorbidity. Methods: A Swedish, population-based study with 3,307,759 individuals, born in 1970–2000, with register data extending to 2016. K-mode cluster analysis was used to identify potential subgroups. Results: The number of individuals with a CUD diagnosis was 14,046 (0.42%). CUD diagnoses increased over time (born 1990–1994: 61 per 100,000, born 1995–2000: 107 per 100,000, by 2016). A majority of those with a CUD had another psychiatric diagnosis (80%, compared with 19% for those without CUD). Four clusters were identified. Cluster 1 comprised mainly men with low income and substance use disorders, clusters 2, 3 and 4 comprised mainly women with higher proportions of mood-related, neurotic and stress-related and behavioural disorders. Conclusions: There was an increase in CUD diagnoses in Sweden over time, especially among younger birth cohorts. Individuals with CUD were more often male, from younger birth cohorts, with lower education and income than those without CUD. Men and women with CUD exhibited differences in education, income and psychiatric comorbidity. Our results demonstrate the importance of monitoring the impact of socioeconomic factors and psychiatric comorbidity in relation to CUD.
Scrub typhus in pregnancy: A report of two cases
Authors: Selvan Advika Thamarai , Agarwal Ishita , Behera Bijayini , Singh Sweta 
Published: September 2022

Scrub typhus shows a high prevalence in South-East Asia. In pregnant females, it can cause both maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. We report a case series of two women with scrub typhus and their varied outcomes. A 25-year-old primigravida treated for scrub typhus at 23 weeks' gestation presented at 34 weeks with stage three fetal growth restriction (FGR). Caesarean delivery was performed. The neonate had biliary atresia. A 24-year-old primigravida at 31 weeks' gestation was referred from a local hospital due to scrub typhus induced multi-organ dysfunction. She had FGR stage 1 with oligohydramnios. Emergency caesarean delivery was performed in view of acute fetal bradycardia. There is an emerging need for research to reassess what is already known about scrub typhus in pregnancy and to develop techniques for its treatment inorder to achieve a positive maternal and neonatal outcome in these cases.
Impact of preoperative urinary tract infection on postoperative outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritis
Authors: Agarwal Amil R. , Cuero Kendrick J. , Stadecker Monica , Meshram Prashant , Sharma Sribava , Zimmer Zachary R. , Best Matthew J. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction As the utilization of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) increases, it is essential to identify risk factors associated with postoperative complications. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one such example. Our objective is to identify whether UTI is associated with increased rates of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and determine whether its treatment reduces PJI rates. Methods Patients who underwent primary TSA for glenohumeral osteoarthritis between 2010 and 2019 with minimum two-year follow-up were identified in a national database (PearlDiver Technologies) using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases codes. These patients were stratified into two cohorts: those with preoperative UTI within two weeks of TSA and those without. The preoperative UTI cohort was stratified into those treated and those untreated prior to TSA. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results Following multivariable analysis, there were significantly higher odds of postoperative anemia, pulmonary embolism, and death in the UTI cohort. Comparing treated to untreated UTI, there were no significant differences in multivariable analysis for any 90-day medical or two-year surgical complications. Discussion This study showed that UTI was not associated with increased rates of PJI. UTI was, however, associated with postoperative medical complications that surgeons should be aware of.
Trends in Scope of Practice for Oral Health Care: Future Transformative Effects
Authors: Gordon S.C. , Riedy C.A. , Stohler C.S. , Vujicic M. 
Published: September 2022

Expert panelists in a think tank format were charged with addressing which ongoing trends will have major effects on dentistry in the future. With reference to literature, they identified and agreed on the following 5 trends affecting the scope of practice and professional interactions: COVID-19, changing demographic and disease patterns, converging technologies and predictive tools, interprofessional primary care, and value-based care payment models. In this article, they give their consensus on how each of these trends is likely to transform oral health care, including a consideration of how the events of 2020 to 2021 modified these trends and how dentistry should respond to them. Chief considerations were how to improve population health, access to care, and quality of care; how to reduce health care disparities and costs; and how to educate and maintain an adequate health care workforce for the future. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can help key stakeholders, such as health care facilities, educational and research institutions, insurance companies, and governmental bodies, plan future activities and policies on dental practice and education.
Tolstykhite, Au3S4Te6, a new mineral from Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia
Authors: Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Nestola Fabrizio , Plášil Jakub , Sejkora Jiří , Vymazalová Anna , Škoda Radek 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTolstykhite, ideally Au3S4Te6, is a new mineral from the Gaching ore occurrence of the Maletoyvayam deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. It occurs as individual anhedral grains up to 0.05 mm or as intergrowths with native Se, native Te and tripuhyite. Other associated minerals include calaverite, fischesserite, Cu–Te-rich ‘fahlores' [stibiogoldfieldite, ‘arsenogoldfieldite', tennantite-(Cu), tetrahedrite-(Zn)], galena, gold, maletoyvayamite, minerals of famatinite–luzonite series, pyrite, baryte, ilmenite, magnetite, quartz and V-bearing rutile. Tolstykhite is bluish-grey, opaque with metallic lustre and grey streak. It is brittle and has an uneven fracture. Cleavage is good on {010} and {001}. Dcalc = 7.347 g/cm3. In reflected light, tolstykhite is grey with a bluish shade. No bireflectance, pleochroism and internal reflections are observed. In crossed polars, it is weakly anisotropic with bluish to brownish rotation tints. The reflectance values for wavelengths recommended by the Commission on Ore Mineralogy of the International Mineralogical Association are (Rmin/Rmax, %): 32.6/34.3 (470 nm), 32.4/34.1 (546 nm), 32.6/34.5 (589 nm) and 33.0/35.0 (650 nm). The Raman spectrum of tolstykhite contains the main bands at 297, 203, 181, 151 and 127 cm–1. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 13 atoms per formula unit is (Au2.98Ag0.01)Σ2.99(S3.59Se0.41)Σ4.00Te6.01. Tolstykhite is triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$, a = 8.977(5), b = 9.023(2), c = 9.342(6) Å, α = 94.03(3), β = 110.03(3), γ = 104.27(4)°, V = 679.0(3) Å3 and Z = 2. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 8.59 (18) (010); 2.90 (100) (0$\bar{1}$3); 2.23 (13) (13$\bar{3}$); 1.89 (21) (13$\bar{4}$). Tolstykhite is the S-analogue of maletoyvayamite, Au3Se4Te6. The structural identity between them is confirmed by powder XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The mineral honours Russian mineralogist Dr. Nadezhda Dmitrievna Tolstykh for her contributions to the mineralogy of gold and platinum-group elements and the study of ore deposits.