bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The circular economy can have oligarchic tendencies in socially-unequal countries: evidence from Chile.
Authors: Pérez Andrea Espinoza , Valenzuela-Levi Nicolas , Vásquez Óscar C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Sustainable Development Goals include both increasing recycling rates and reducing socioeconomic inequalities. However, existent research lacks attention to the link between advancing towards the circular economy and concentration of wealth and political power. This article analyzes the case of Chile, one of the most income-unequal countries in the world, which between 2014 and 2020 implemented a registry of polluters, an extended producer responsibility legislation, and called for elections to establish a Constitutional Convention to set a new rule of law for the country. The authors of this study innovate by analyzing both economic concentration and political linkages among waste valorization companies. The results show a tendency towards higher concentration in already concentrated waste markets, and a continuous rise in the share of the valorisation market by politically-linked companies. The coexistence of oligopoly, oligopsony and oligarchic tendencies should be considered when analyzing the circular economy in other countries.
Analysis of Coronal And Sagittal Spinopelvic Parameters In Developmental Dysplasia of The Hip
Authors: Zhang Guangyang , Li Mufan , Qian Hang , Wang Xu , Dang Xiaoqian , Liu Ruiyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The observational study aimed to investigate the change and correlations of the spinopelvic parameters as well as the relationships with the related symptoms in unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) patients. Methods: The clinical data of 22 unilateral DDH patients and 20 healthy volunteers were collected from 2016 to 2021. All patients and volunteers were taken the antero-posterior pelvic radiograph and the frontal and lateral radiography of the whole spine as a routine examination. And the clinical symptoms, signs and functions were measured according to Oswestry Disability Index and Low Back Pain Scoring System. Then the t test and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data. Results: The Cobb(8.68±6.21°), L3(4.79±5.47°), CB(1.65±1.57cm), PT(15.02±9.55°) and TLK (7.69±6.66°) were significantly larger in the DDH patients, whereas LL(37.41±17.17°) were significantly smaller (P＜0.05). As for the coronal spinopelvic parameters, CB was found to be associated with L3 (R=0.58, P＜0.01). Of the sagittal spinopelvic parameters, SS was found to be associated with LL (R=0.48, P=0.02), and TLK was found to be related to ST and TK, respectively (R=0.49, P=0.02; R=-0.45, P=0.04). In terms of relations between the spinal and pelvic parameters, PI were found to be related to the SS (R=0.58, P＜0.01). An analysis of relations revealed a correlation between the Oswestry Disability Index and Cobb(R=0.59, P＜0.01), PT(R=0.49, P=0.02), TK(R=-0.46, P=0.03) and TLK(R=0.44, P=0.04). Furthermore, an analysis of relations revealed a correlation between Low Back Pain Scoring System and Cobb (R=-0.44, P=0.04), L3(R=-0.53, P=0.01), PT (R=-0.44, P=0.04), TK(R=0.46, P=0.03) and TLK(R=-0.43, P=0.05). Conclusion: The parameters are related to each other and compensate each other to maintain the balance of the coronal and sagittal planes of the spine. In addition, the change of some parameters is closely related to the quality of life of the patients, and can provide some clues for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of DDH.
The Synergy Beteeen Diurnal Temperature Range and Calcium Concentration Help to Predict Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gu Xingbo , liu dandan , Hao ning , Sun xinyong , Duan xiaoxu , yang shuang , li jia , Wang Shu , liu shulei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that cold is an important contributor to acute cardiovascular events and mortality. However, little is known about the Diurnal Temperature Range(DTR)impact on mortality of the patients with myocardial infarction.Calcium ions(Ca2+)play a vital role in the human body, such as cardiac electrophysiology and contraction.To investigate whether DTR on admission moderates the association between serum calcium and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). This retrospective study enrolled consecutive adult patients with AMI at a single center in China (2003–2012). Patients were divided into four groups (Ca-Q1–4) according to serum calcium concentration quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to assess whether DTR moderated the association between serum calcium and in-hospital mortality. The predictive value of serum calcium was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and net reclassification improvement (NRI) analyses.The study included 3780 patients.In-hospital mortality was 4.97%(188/3780).DTR moderated the association between serum calcium and in-hospital mortality(P-interaction=0.020).Patients with low serum calcium in the highest DTR quartile exhibited an increased risk of in-hospital mortality(odds ratio for Ca-Q4 vs.Ca-Q1, 0.03;95%confidence interval[95%CI], 0.01–0.20;P for trend<0.001).In the highest DTR quartile, adding serum calcium concentration to the risk factor model increased the area under the ROC curve(0.81 vs.0.76;P<0.001)and increased NRI by 20.2%(95%CI 7.5–32.9;P=0.001).Low serum calcium was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI, and this association was moderated by DTR.Careful attention should be paid to patients with low serum calcium who experience a higher DTR on admission.
Tumor Tissue-Specific Bacterial Biomarker Panel for Colorectal Cancer: Bacteroides Massiliensis, Alistipes Species, Alistipes Onderdonkii, Bifidobacterium Pseudocatenulatum, Corynebacterium Appendicis
Authors: Hasan Rizwana , Roy Rahul , Paul Debarati , Rawat Saumitra , Nilwe Pravin , Chauhan Neeraj K , Bose Sudeep , Choudhury Sangeeta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Human microbiome studies have shown diversity to exist among different ethnic populations. However, studies pertaining to the microbial composition of CRC among the Indian population have not been well explored. We aimed to decipher the microbial signature in tumor tissues from North Indian CRC patients. Next-generation sequencing of tumor and adjacent tissue derived bacterial 16s rRNA V3-V4 hypevariable regions was performed to investigate the abundance of specific microbes. The expression profile analysis deciphered a decreased diversity among the tumor-associated microbial communities, and at the phyla level, Proteobacteria was differentially expressed in CRC tissues than adjacent normal. Further, DESeq2 normalization identified 4 out of 79 distinct species (p<0.005) only in CRC, Bacteroides massiliensis, Alistipes onderdonkii, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and Corynebacterium appendicis. Thus, our findings suggest the use of these microbial signatures as putative biomarkers that can distinguish CRC tissues from their adjacent normal, which may shed light on the pathogenesis of CRC.
Analysis of The Phase Velocities of (Pure, Slow And Fast ) Alfvèn Waves In The E Region of The Ionosphere For Low Latitudes
Authors: kurt kadri 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, (pure, slow, and fast) Alfvèn waves for the accepted conditions in Northern-hemisphere at E-region of ionospheric plasma were calculated with low latitudes by using Eq. (20,25-26) and the real geometry of Earth’s magnetic field, at hours 12.00 LT for the 1990 year which sunspot is maximum. One of the most important results of this study is to show analytically that the “MHD modes= (pure, slow and fast) Alfvèn waves” depend not only on the angle between the wave propagation vector (k) and the magnetic field (B) but also on the declination (D=It is the angle value between the direction of the sun's rays and the equatorial plane) and magnetic dip angle (I=It is the angle between real north and magnetic north). From the results obtained, the behavior of the magnitudes of the squares of the phase velocities of all MHD modes is consistent with the behavior of the distribution of electron density with low geographic latitude, even if the magnetic field vector is both perpendicular and parallel to the propagation vector of the wave. In parallel, the phase velocities of the waves are greater in summer than in winter. It has been determined that the propagation velocities of the fast and slow MHD mode in the magnetic equatorial trough region at (q = I) are very small, the energy is almost non-existent, but if q = 90 + I, the energy increases with latitude and is approximately maximum at the low latitude limit. It can be said that the minimum points are between 0-10 oN latitudes where the wave energies are the smallest, and the maximum points are between 20-30 oN latitudes the wave energies are the biggest.
Autochthonous Transmission of Angiostrongylus Cantonensis in a Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus) in Hawai`i: Detection in Multiple Tissues Using AcanITS1 and AcanR3990 PCR Assays
Authors: Jarvi Susan , Snook Kirsten , Mina Alfred , Lyons Malia , Ortega Sarah , Sears William , Johnson Angelina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Hawaii is the hotspot for rat lungworm disease (angiostrongyliasis) caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the USA. In humans, PCR of the CSF is typically used for diagnosis, however, collection of CSF requires hospitalization. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of two different PCR tests to detect A.cantonensis DNA in multiple tissues including blood from a rabbit presumably infected by eating contaminated lettuce. Methods: Two different PCR assays (AcanR3990, and AcanITS1) were used comparatively to test DNA extracted from slug and rabbit tissues. Assays were conducted using established protocols and were run in triplicate, with negative (dH20) controls included throughout. Results: A juvenile Parmarian martensi (semi-slug) found in local lettuce tested positive for the presence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis DNA. A family and their two domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) consumed this lettuce twice within the five days preceding testing. One rabbit exhibited symptoms consistent with eosinophilic meningitis 3-6 days after being fed the lettuce. Appropriate veterinary treatment was ineffective and the rabbit was subsequently euthanized. This study comparatively applies two different PCR assays to detect A. cantonensis DNA in the peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid, brain, heart, and lung tissue of this rabbit, and provides data implicating parasite transmission via contaminated home-grown lettuce. Six of the nine brain DNA samples, as well as the CSF sample, tested positive in replicate or triplicate for A. cantonensis DNA with both PCR assays. The AcanR3990 assay also detected A. cantonensis DNA from the lung, heart septum, all nine samples from the brain, and blood products (plasma, EDTA-treated whole blood, and buffy coat/red blood cells) in replicate or triplicate.
68Ga-FAPI-04 PET Distinguishes Malignancy from Inflammatory Lesions
Authors: Shangguan Chengfang , Yang Chen , Shi Zhaopeng , Miao Ying , Hai Wangxi , Shen Yan , Qu Qing , Li Biao , Mi Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The 68Ga-labelled FAPI provides new oncology imaging option other than 18F-FDG-PET. However, it's unclear about whether the FAPI-PET distinguishes malignancy from benign lesions.
Methods
We established an AOM/DSS-induced rat colorectal tumor model. A double PET/CT tracer of 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG was used in the rat colorectal tumor model. Histological examination, immunohistochemistry staining, and radioautography were performed in this study.
Results
68Ga-FAPI PET imaging distinguishes neoplasia from inflammatory lesions in an AOM/DSS-induced rat colorectal tumor model, and FAPI accumulation gradually increases along with tumor progression. An inflammatory lesion did not interfere with 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging.
Conclusion
The 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET distinguishes malignant tumors from inflammatory lesions by detecting FAP in a rat colorectal tumor model, suggesting that 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET is a better diagnostic tool than 18F-FDG PET, at least to colorectal cancer patients.
A Novel E3-ubiquitin Ligase-Related LncRNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Tao , Chen Lan , Huang Xiu-Yi , Dai Shuang , Ren Tao , Luo Feng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: E3 ubiquitin ligase mRNA plays an important role in mediating tumor microenvironment, and is involved in tumor initiation and progression. However, few studies have realized the value of E3 ubiquitin ligase-related lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).Methods: Herein, we comprehensively evaluated the E3-ubiquitination patterns including multiple tumor-related molecular phenotypes in LUAD samples using lncRNA profiling from GEO and TCGA database, identified a survival-related risk signature consisting of E3-ubiquitin ligase-related lncRNAs via LASSO and multivariate stepwise Cox regression analysis. Based on the risk score calculated for each sample, LUAD patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. The predictive value of the signature in overall survival was explored, and a nomogram integrating the risk signature and clinical characteristics was identified and tested. Results: A risk signature consisting of 7 specific E3-ubiquitin ligase-related lncRNAs was screened, and can be viewed as a reliable independent predictor of prognosis. We performed consensus clustering analysis and successfully identified 4 molecular subtypes significantly linked to the OS of LUAD, which validates the prognostic and predictive value of this signature to some extent. The ssGESA analysis revealed that the high-risk group was bound up closely with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, and had a worse outcome. Moreover, we created a nomogram consisting of pathological staging and risk score. Validation analysis demonstrated high conformity of nomogram predictive probability and actual overall survival in LUAD of TCGA and GEO datasets.Conclusion: The model consisting of specific E3-ubiquitin ligase-related lncRNAs contributes to predicting the prognosis of LUAD patients.
Impact of Aspartate Aminotransferase–to–platelet Ratio Index Based Score to Assess Posthepatectomy Liver Failure in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcninoma
Authors: Yugawa Kyohei , Maeda Takashi , Nagata Shigeyuki , Shiraishi Jin , Sakai Akihiro , Yamaguchi Shohei , Konishi Kozo , Hashimoto Kenkichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a life-threatening complication following hepatic resection. The aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) is a noninvasive model for assessing the liver functional reserve in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to establish a scoring model to stratify patients with HCC at risk for PHLF.Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 451 patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC between 2004 and 2017. Preoperative factors, including noninvasive liver fibrosis markers and intraoperative factors, were evaluated. The predictive impact for PHLF was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of these factors.Results: Of 451 patients, 30 (6.7%) developed severe PHLF (grade B/C). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that APRI, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, operating time, and intraoperative blood loss were significantly associated with severe PHLF. A scoring model (over 0–4 points) was calculated using these optimal cutoff values. The area under the ROC curve of the established score for severe PHLF was 0.88, which greatly improved the predictive accuracy compared with these factors alone (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: The scoring model-based APRI, MELD score, operating time, and intraoperative blood loss can predict severe PHLF in patients with HCC.
Clomiphene citrate plus letrozole versus clomiphene citrate alone for ovulation induction in infertile women with chronic anovulation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chera-aree Pattraporn , Tanpong Sirikul , Thanaboonyawat Isarin , Laokirkkiat Pitak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare the efficacy of combination clomiphene citrate (CC) plus letrozole with that of CC alone for ovulation induction in infertile women with chronic anovulation.
Material and methods
This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Infertility and Reproductive Biology Unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during the August 2020-September 2021 study period. Anovulatory women aged 18-40 years were equally allocated into either the CC 50 mg plus letrozole 2.5 mg once daily group or the CC 50 mg once daily group. The study drugs were administered on days 3-7 of each study patient’s menstrual cycle. The primary outcome was the ovulation rate defined by serum progesterone >3 ng/mL at mid-luteal phase. The secondary outcomes were menstrual cycle characteristics, endometrial thickness, conception rate, and adverse events.
Results
One hundred women (50 per group) were enrolled. The mean age and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome were non-significantly different between groups. The ovulation rate according to intention-to-treat analysis was 78% and 70% in the combination and CC alone groups, respectively (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between groups for either mean endometrial thickness or number of dominant follicles. No serious adverse events were observed in either group.
Conclusion
There was no significant difference between combination CC plus letrozole and CC alone relative to their ability to induce ovulation in infertile women with chronic anovulation. The small number of live births (1 per group) was too low to be statistically analyzed.
Prevalence of Anti-leptospiral IgM and Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira Species DNA in Neonates Presenting With Clinical Sepsis in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Hope Derick , Businge Stephen , Kyoyagala Stella , Bazira Joel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundLeptospirosis is an emerging neglected zoonotic disease that presents with nonspecific signs/symptoms and it can be mistaken for other diseases. Due to limited diagnostic capacity and unawareness, data on human leptospirosis particularly in neonates is scarce in many sub-Saharan countries. It has been underreported hindering preventive and control measures in place. The study aimed at determining prevalence of leptospirosis as a cause of febrile illness in neonates using a commercially available IgM ELISA and a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 103 neonatal sepsis cases whose parents/legal guardians gave informed consent. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics was collected using structured data collection form. EDTA whole blood sample was collected from the neonates by trained study nurses. From the samples, IgM ELISA was done using automated analyzers, DNA extracted and qPCR was performed using primers for LipL32, specific for the pathogenic leptospires. ResultsThe prevalence of anti-leptospiral IgM among the neonates as determined by ELISA was 4.3%, where all of them presented with lethargy and poor feeding. No pathogenic Leptospira species DNA was amplified by qPCR.ConclusionsEvidence of leptospirosis was demonstrated in neonatal sepsis cases in this study. The findings suggest considerations of leptospirosis in the differential diagnosis of neonates with sepsis. More data is needed on the real epidemiology, clinical features and burden of leptospirosis in neonates. There is need to include intermediate pathogenic species of Leptospira in the diagnostic qPCR assays.
Comparison of household socioeconomic status classification methods and effects on risk estimation: Lessons from a natural experimental study, Kisumu, Western Kenya
Authors: Were Vincent , Foley Louise , Turner-Moss Eleanor , Mogo Ebele , Wadende Pamela , Musuva Rosemary , Obonyo Charles 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
IntroductionLow household socioeconomic status is associated with unhealthy behaviours including poor diet and adverse health outcomes. Different methods leading to variations in SES classification has the potential to generate spurious research findings or misinform policy. In low and middle-income countries, there are additional complexities in defining household SES, a need for fieldwork to be conducted efficiently, and a dearth of information on how [1]classification could impact estimation of disease risk. MethodsUsing cross-sectional data from 200 households in Kisumu County, Western Kenya, we compared three approaches of classifying households into low, middle, or high SES: fieldworkers (FWs), Community Health Volunteers (CHVs), and a Multiple Correspondence Analysis econometric model (MCA). We estimated the sensitivity, specificity, and inter-rater reliability and misclassification of the three methods using MCA as a comparator. We applied an unadjusted generalized linear model to determine prevalence ratios to assess the association of household SES status with a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes or hypertension for one household member. Results Compared with MCA, FWs successfully classified 21.7% (95%CI=14.4%-31.4%) of low SES households, 32.8% (95%CI=23.2-44.3) of middle SES households, and no high SES households. CHVs successfully classified 22.5% (95%CI=14.5%-33.1%) of low SES households, 32.8% (95%CI=23.2%-44.3%) of middle SES households, and no high SES households. The level of agreement in SES classification was similar between FWs and CHVs but poor compared to MCA, particularly for high SES. None of the three methods differed in estimating the risk of hypertension or diabetes. ConclusionsFW and CHV assessments are community-driven methods for SES classification. Compared to MCA, these approaches appeared biased towards low or middle household SES and not sensitive to high household SES. The three methods did not differ in risk estimation for diabetes and hypertension. A mix of approaches and further evaluation to refine SES classification methodology is recommended.
They Learn from Home: Deschooled Learning, Preventive Behavior, and Mental Health of Students during COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Hossain Afnan , Sufian Abu , Anwar Nahid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: In the age of extreme importance of schooling education, deschooled learning has received less importance. The purpose of this study is to explore deschooled learning and its effectiveness on preventive behaviors and mental health conditions of students in Bangladesh.Methods: This study was designed following the quantitative method, and 1,085 responses were collected from social media platforms, using the snowball sampling technique. Binary logistic regression was used to measure and infer the proposed association.Results: As per fully-adjusted regression models, the individuals who had more deschooled learning were 1.667 times (95% CI= 1.191, 2.332; P= 0.01) and 1.426 times (95% CI= 1.038, 1.958; P= 0.05) more likely to prevent contact from symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers, respectively. Moreover, the persons with higher deschooled learning were more likely to have better mental health conditions including less fear (B= -0.462; 95% CI= -0.955, 0.030; P= 0.1), lower anxiety (B= -0.482; 95% CI= -0.844, -0.119; P= 0.01), and more perceived vulnerability (B= 1.292; 95% CI= 0.497, 2.087; P= 0.01). Conclusion: This study adds that policymakers may formulate health plans and policies for initiating informal health literacy (IHL) that may help increase deschooled learning and informal knowledge among individuals especially during a pandemic situation (like COVID-19) and help them to be safe by adopting preventive behaviors and maintaining better mental health conditions in low-income settings like Bangladesh.