bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activating SIRT3 in peritoneal mesothelial cells alleviates postsurgical peritoneal adhesion formation by decreasing oxidative stress and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Shen Tianli , Wu Yunhua , Wang Xingjie , Wang Zijun , Li Enmeng , Zhou Cancan , Yue Chenyang , Jiang Zhengdong , Wei Guangbing , Lian Jie , Xu Qinhong , Li Xuqi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPeritoneal adhesions (PAs) are a serious complication of abdominal surgery and negatively affect the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. However, a clear molecular mechanism and a standard therapeutic strategy for PAs have not been established. Here, we developed a standardized method to mimic the pathological changes in PAs and found that sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression was severely decreased in adhesion tissues, which was consistent with our bioinformatics analysis and patient adhesion tissue analysis. Thus, we hypothesized that activating SIRT3 could alleviate postsurgical PAs. Sirt3-deficient (Sirt3−/−) mice exhibited many more PAs after standardized abdominal surgery. Furthermore, compared with wild-type (Sirt3+/+) mice, Sirt3-deficient (Sirt3−/−) mice showed more prominent reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, increased levels of inflammatory factors, and exacerbated mitochondrial damage and fragmentation. In addition, we observed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the adhesion tissues of Sirt3−/− but, not Sirt3+/+ mice. Furthermore, mesothelial cells sorted from Sirt3−/− mice exhibited impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis. Honokiol (HKL), a natural compound found in several species of the genus Magnolia, could activate SIRT3 in vitro. Then, we demonstrated that treatment with HKL could reduce oxidative stress and the levels of inflammatory factors and suppress NLRP3 activation in vivo, reducing the occurrence of postsurgical PAs. In vitro treatment with HKL also restored mitochondrial bioenergetics and promoted mesothelial cell viability under oxidative stress conditions. Taken together, our findings show that the rescue of SIRT3 by HKL may be a new therapeutic strategy to alleviate and block postsurgical PA formation.
Direct conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells for treatment of retinal degeneration
Authors: Zhu Xiaoman , Chen Zhiyang , Wang Li , Ou Qingjian , Feng Zhong , Xiao Honglei , Shen Qi , Li Yingao , Jin Caixia , Xu Jing-Ying , Gao Furong , Wang Juan , Zhang Jingfa , Zhang Jieping , Xu Zhiguo , Xu Guo-Tong , Lu Lixia , Tian Haibin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major vision-threatening disease. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit beneficial neural protective effects, their limited differentiation capacity in vivo attenuates their therapeutic function. Therefore, the differentiation of MSCs into retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro and their subsequent transplantation into the subretinal space is expected to improve the outcome of cell therapy. Here, we transdifferentiated human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) into induced RPE (iRPE) cells using a cocktail of five transcription factors (TFs): CRX, NR2E1, C-MYC, LHX2, and SIX6. iRPE cells exhibited RPE specific properties, including phagocytic ability, epithelial polarity, and gene expression profile. In addition, high expression of PTPN13 in iRPE cells endows them with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-resistant capacity through dephosphorylating syntenin1, and subsequently promoting the internalization and degradation of transforming growth factor-β receptors. After grafting into the subretinal space of the sodium iodate-induced rat AMD model, iRPE cells demonstrated a better therapeutic function than hUCMSCs. These results suggest that hUCMSC-derived iRPE cells may be promising candidates to reverse AMD pathophysiology.
Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 underlying argininosuccinic aciduria and Silver-Russell syndrome
Authors: Hattori Atsushi , Okuyama Torayuki , So Tetsumin , Kosuga Motomichi , Ichimoto Keiko , Murayama Kei , Kagami Masayo , Fukami Maki , Fukuhara Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe describe a patient presenting with argininosuccinic aciduria and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). SRS was caused by maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (UPD(7)mat). UPD(7)mat also unmasked a maternally inherited splicing variant in ASL on chromosome 7, leading to the onset of argininosuccinic aciduria. The phenotype of the present case was more severe than that of a previous case, demonstrating a phenotypic variation in the combination of argininosuccinic aciduria and SRS.
The importance of antimicrobial resistance in medical mycology
Authors: Gow Neil A. R. , Johnson Carolyn , Berman Judith , Coste Alix T. , Cuomo Christina A. , Perlin David S. , Bicanic Tihana , Harrison Thomas S. , Wiederhold Nathan , Bromley Mike , Chiller Tom , Edgar Keegan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, antibiotic resistance was listed as the major global health care priority. Some analyses, including the O’Neill report, have predicted that deaths due to drug-resistant bacterial infections may eclipse the total number of cancer deaths by 2050. Although fungal infections remain in the shadow of public awareness, total attributable annual deaths are similar to, or exceeds, global mortalities due to malaria, tuberculosis or HIV. The impact of fungal infections has been exacerbated by the steady rise of antifungal drug resistant strains and species which reflects the widespread use of antifungals for prophylaxis and therapy, and in the case of azole resistance inAspergillus, has been linked to the widespread agricultural use of antifungals. This review, based on a workshop hosted by the Medical Research Council and the University of Exeter, illuminates the problem of antifungal resistance and suggests how this growing threat might be mitigated.
No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial
Authors: Martinez-Tellez Borja , Sanchez-Delgado Guillermo , Acosta Francisco M. , Alcantara Juan M. A. , Amaro-Gahete Francisco J. , Martinez-Avila Wendy D. , Merchan-Ramirez Elisa , Muñoz-Hernandez Victoria , Osuna-Prieto Francisco J. , Jurado-Fasoli Lucas , Xu Huiwen , Ortiz-Alvarez Lourdes , Arias-Tellez María J. , Mendez-Gutierrez Andrea , Labayen Idoia , Ortega Francisco B. , Schönke Milena , Rensen Patrick C. N. , Aguilera Concepción M. , Llamas-Elvira José M. , Gil Ángel , Ruiz Jonatan R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true in humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance and resistance training, on BAT volume and activity (primary outcome). The study was carried out in the Sport and Health University Research Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of Granada (Spain). One hundred and forty-five young sedentary adults were assigned to either (i) a control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) a moderate intensity exercise group (MOD-EX, n = 48), or (iii) a vigorous intensity exercise group (VIG-EX n = 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse events were recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) were included in the final analysis (Control; n = 35, MOD-EX; n = 31, and VIG-EX; n = 31). We observed no changes in BAT volume (Δ Control: −22.2 ± 52.6 ml; Δ MOD-EX: −15.5 ± 62.1 ml, Δ VIG-EX: −6.8 ± 66.4 ml; P = 0.771) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (SUVpeak Δ Control: −2.6 ± 3.1 ml; Δ MOD-EX: −1.2 ± 4.8, Δ VIG-EX: −2.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.476) in either the control or the exercise groups. Thus, we did not find any evidence of an exercise-induced change on BAT volume or activity in young sedentary adults.
Genomic insights into rapid speciation within the world’s largest tree genus Syzygium
Authors: Low Yee Wen , Rajaraman Sitaram , Tomlin Crystal M. , Ahmad Joffre Ali , Ardi Wisnu H. , Armstrong Kate , Athen Parusuraman , Berhaman Ahmad , Bone Ruth E. , Cheek Martin , Cho Nicholas R. W. , Choo Le Min , Cowie Ian D. , Crayn Darren , Fleck Steven J. , Ford Andrew J. , Forster Paul I. , Girmansyah Deden , Goyder David J. , Gray Bruce , Heatubun Charlie D. , Ibrahim Ali , Ibrahim Bazilah , Jayasinghe Himesh D. , Kalat Muhammad Ariffin , Kathriarachchi Hashendra S. , Kintamani Endang , Koh Sin Lan , Lai Joseph T. K. , Lee Serena M. L. , Leong Paul K. F. , Lim Wei Hao , Lum Shawn K. Y. , Mahyuni Ridha , McDonald William J. F. , Metali Faizah , Mustaqim Wendy A. , Naiki Akiyo , Ngo Kang Min , Niissalo Matti , Ranasinghe Subhani , Repin Rimi , Rustiami Himmah , Simbiak Victor I. , Sukri Rahayu S. , Sunarti Siti , Trethowan Liam A. , Trias-Blasi Anna , Vasconcelos Thais N. C. , Wanma Jimmy F. , Widodo Pudji , Wijesundara Douglas Siril A. , Worboys Stuart , Yap Jing Wei , Yong Kien Thai , Khew Gillian S. W. , Salojärvi Jarkko , Michael Todd P. , Middleton David J. , Burslem David F. R. P. , Lindqvist Charlotte , Lucas Eve J. , Albert Victor A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpecies radiations, despite immense phenotypic variation, can be difficult to resolve phylogenetically when genetic change poorly matches the rapidity of diversification. Genomic potential furnished by palaeopolyploidy, and relative roles for adaptation, random drift and hybridisation in the apportionment of genetic variation, remain poorly understood factors. Here, we study these aspects in a model radiation,Syzygium, the most species-rich tree genus worldwide. Genomes of 182 distinct species and 58 unidentified taxa are compared against a chromosome-level reference genome of the sea apple,Syzygium grande. We show that whileSyzygiumshares an ancient genome doubling event with other Myrtales, little evidence exists for recent polyploidy events. Phylogenomics confirms thatSyzygiumoriginated in Australia-New Guinea and diversified in multiple migrations, eastward to the Pacific and westward to India and Africa, in bursts of speciation visible as poorly resolved branches on phylogenies. Furthermore, some sublineages demonstrate genomic clines that recapitulate cladogenetic events, suggesting that stepwise geographic speciation, a neutral process, has been important inSyzygiumdiversification.
Interleukin-1 contributes to clonal expansion and progression of bone marrow fibrosis in JAK2V617F-induced myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Ferdous-Ur , Yang Yue , Le Bao T. , Dutta Avik , Posyniak Julia , Faughnan Patrick , Sayem Mohammad A. , Aguilera Nadine S. , Mohi Golam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic inflammation is frequently associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), but the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of MPN remains unclear. Expression of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) is elevated in patients with MPN as well as in Jak2V617F knock-in mice. Here, we show that genetic deletion of IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) normalizes peripheral blood counts, reduces splenomegaly and ameliorates bone marrow fibrosis in homozygous Jak2V617F mouse model of myelofibrosis. Deletion of IL-1R1 also significantly reduces Jak2V617F mutant hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Exogenous administration of IL-1β enhances myeloid cell expansion and accelerates the development of bone marrow fibrosis in heterozygous Jak2V617F mice. Furthermore, treatment with anti-IL-1R1 antibodies significantly reduces leukocytosis and splenomegaly, and ameliorates bone marrow fibrosis in homozygous Jak2V617F mice. Collectively, these results suggest that IL-1 signaling plays a pathogenic role in MPN disease progression, and targeting of IL-1R1 could be a useful strategy for the treatment of myelofibrosis.
Optical quantum super-resolution imaging and hypothesis testing
Authors: Zanforlin Ugo , Lupo Cosmo , Connolly Peter W. R. , Kok Pieter , Buller Gerald S. , Huang Zixin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEstimating the angular separation between two incoherent thermal sources is a challenging task for direct imaging, especially at lengths within the diffraction limit. Moreover, detecting the presence of multiple sources of different brightness is an even more severe challenge. We experimentally demonstrate two tasks for super-resolution imaging based on hypothesis testing and quantum metrology techniques. We can significantly reduce the error probability for detecting a weak secondary source, even for small separations. We reduce the experimental complexity to a simple interferometer: we show (1) our set-up is optimal for the state discrimination task, and (2) if the two sources are equally bright, then this measurement can super-resolve their angular separation. Using a collection baseline of 5.3 mm, we resolve the angular separation of two sources placed 15 μm apart at a distance of 1.0 m with a 1.7% accuracy - an almost 3-orders-of-magnitude improvement over shot-noise limited direct imaging.
Integrated Pockels laser
Authors: Li Mingxiao , Chang Lin , Wu Lue , Staffa Jeremy , Ling Jingwei , Javid Usman A. , Xue Shixin , He Yang , Lopez-rios Raymond , Morin Theodore J. , Wang Heming , Shen Boqiang , Zeng Siwei , Zhu Lin , Vahala Kerry J. , Bowers John E. , Lin Qiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of integrated semiconductor lasers has miniaturized traditional bulky laser systems, enabling a wide range of photonic applications. A progression from pure III-V based lasers to III-V/external cavity structures has harnessed low-loss waveguides in different material systems, leading to significant improvements in laser coherence and stability. Despite these successes, however, key functions remain absent. In this work, we address a critical missing function by integrating the Pockels effect into a semiconductor laser. Using a hybrid integrated III-V/Lithium Niobate structure, we demonstrate several essential capabilities that have not existed in previous integrated lasers. These include a record-high frequency modulation speed of 2 exahertz/s (2.0 × 1018 Hz/s) and fast switching at 50 MHz, both of which are made possible by integration of the electro-optic effect. Moreover, the device co-lases at infrared and visible frequencies via the second-harmonic frequency conversion process, the first such integrated multi-color laser. Combined with its narrow linewidth and wide tunability, this new type of integrated laser holds promise for many applications including LiDAR, microwave photonics, atomic physics, and AR/VR.
The Criminal Justice Administrative Records System: A next-generation research data platform
Authors: Finlay Keith , Mueller-Smith Michael , Papp Jordan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Criminal Justice Administrative Records System (CJARS), a joint project of the U.S. Census Bureau and the University of Michigan, is a nationally integrated data infrastructure project designed to transform research and policymaking on the United States criminal justice system. At the University of Michigan, CJARS collects longitudinal electronic records from criminal justice agencies and harmonizes these records to track a criminal episode across all stages of the system. At the U.S. Census Bureau, harmonized criminal justice records can be linked anonymously at the person-level with extensive social, demographic, and economic information from national survey and administrative records.
A regime switch analysis on Covid-19 in Romania
Authors: Petrica Marian , Stochitoiu Radu D. , Leordeanu Marius , Popescu Ionel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we propose a three stages analysis of the evolution of Covid19 in Romania. There are two main issues when it comes to pandemic prediction. The first one is the fact that the numbers reported of infected and recovered are unreliable, however the number of deaths is more accurate. The second issue is that there were many factors which affected the evolution of the pandemic. In this paper we propose an analysis in three stages. The first stage is based on the classical SIR model which we do using a neural network. This provides a first set of daily parameters. In the second stage we propose a refinement of the SIR model in which we separate the deceased into a distinct category. By using the first estimate and a grid search, we give a daily estimation of the parameters. The third stage is used to define a notion of turning points (local extremes) for the parameters. We call a regime the time between these points. We outline a general way based on time varying parameters of SIRD to make predictions.
Bayesian dynamic profiling and optimization of important ranked energy from gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) features for empirical analysis of brain MRI
Authors: Hussain Lal , Malibari Areej A. , Alzahrani Jaber S. , Alamgeer Mohamed , Obayya Marwa , Al-Wesabi Fahd N. , Mohsen Heba , Hamza Manar Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurate classification of brain tumor subtypes is important for prognosis and treatment. Researchers are developing tools based on static and dynamic feature extraction and applying machine learning and deep learning. However, static feature requires further analysis to compute the relevance, strength, and types of association. Recently Bayesian inference approach gains attraction for deeper analysis of static (hand-crafted) features to unfold hidden dynamics and relationships among features. We computed the gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) features from brain tumor meningioma and pituitary MRIs and then ranked based on entropy methods. The highly ranked Energy feature was chosen as our target variable for further empirical analysis of dynamic profiling and optimization to unfold the nonlinear intrinsic dynamics of GLCM features extracted from brain MRIs. The proposed method further unfolds the dynamics and to detailed analysis of computed features based on GLCM features for better understanding of the hidden dynamics for proper diagnosis and prognosis of tumor types leading to brain stroke.
Neuroprotective potential of Cannabis sativa-based oils in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Vanin Ana Paula , Tamagno Wagner Antonio , Alves Carla , Mesacasa Letícia , Santin Luciani Figueiredo , Sutorillo Nathália Tafarel , Bilibio Denise , Müller Caroline , Galon Leandro , Kaizer Rosilene Rodrigues 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSubstances from the Cannabis sativa species, especially cannabidiol (CBD) and Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), have attracted medical attention in recent years. The actions of these two main cannabinoids modulate the cholinergic nervous system (CholNS) involving development, synaptic plasticity, and response to endogenous and environmental damage, as a characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases. The dynamics of these diseases are mediated by specific neurotransmitters, such as the GABAergic nervous system (GNS) and the CholNS. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important experimental model, which has different neurotransmitter systems that coordinate its behavior and has a transgene strain that encodes the human β-amyloid 1–42 peptide in body wall muscle, one of the main proteins involved in Alzheimer´s disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the protective potential of terpenoids found in C. sativa in the GNS and CholNS of C. elegans. The effect of two C. sativa oils with variations in CBD and THC concentrations on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, lipid peroxidation, and behavior of C. elegans was evaluated. C. sativa oils were efficient in increasing pharyngeal pumping rate and reducing defecation cycle, AChE activity, and ROS levels in N2 strains. In the muscle:Abeta1-42 strain, mainly when using CBD oil, worm movement, body bends, and pharyngeal pumping were increased, with a reduced AChE activity. Consequently, greater investments in scientific research are needed, in addition to breaking the taboo on the use of the C. sativa plant as an alternative for medicinal use, especially in neurodegenerative diseases, which have already shown positive initial results.
Evaluating immunogenicity of pathogen-derived T-cell epitopes to design a peptide-based smallpox vaccine
Authors: Quach Huy Quang , Ovsyannikova Inna G. , Poland Gregory A. , Kennedy Richard B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the eradication in 1980, developing safe and effective smallpox vaccines remains an active area of research due to the recent outbreaks and the public health concern that smallpox viruses could be used as bioterrorism weapons. Identifying immunogenic peptides (epitopes) would create a foundation for the development of a robust peptide-based vaccine. We previously identified a library of naturally-processed, human leukocyte antigen class I-presented vaccinia-derived peptides from infected B cells. In the current study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of these T-cell peptides in both transgenic mouse models and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A vaccine based on four selected peptides provided 100% protection against a lethal viral challenge. In addition, responses from memory T cells remained unchanged up to five months. Our results validate a practical approach for identifying and verifying immunogenic peptides for vaccine development and highlight the potential of peptide-based vaccines for various infectious diseases.
Shale gas geological “sweet spot” parameter prediction method and its application based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Qin Zhengye , Xu Tianji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParameters such as gas content (GAS), porosity (PHI) and total organic carbon (TOC) are key parameters that reveal the shale gas geological “sweet spot” of reservoirs. However, the lack of a three-dimensional high-precision prediction method is not conducive to large-scale exploration of shale gas. Although the parameter prediction accuracy based on well logging data is relatively high, it is only a single point longitudinal feature. On the basis of prestack inversion of reservoir information such as P-wave velocity and density, high-precision and large-scale “sweet spot” spatial distribution predictions can be realized. Based on the fast growing and widely used deep learning methods, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) “sweet spot” parameter prediction method is proposed in this paper. First, intersection analysis is carried out for various well logging information to determine the sensitive parameters of geological “sweet spot”. We propose a new standardized preprocessing method based on the characteristics of the well logging data. Then, a 1D-CNN framework is designed, which can meet the parameter prediction of both depth-domain well logging data and time-domain seismic data. Third, well logging data is used to train a high-precision and robust geological “sweet spot” prediction model. Finally, this method was applied to the WeiRong shale gas field in Sichuan Basin to achieve a high-precision prediction of geological “sweet spots” in the Wufeng–Longmaxi shale reservoir.