bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression in metastatic breast cancer supports Syndecan-1 as a marker of invasiveness and poor prognosis
Authors: Cerbelli Bruna , Pisano Annalinda , Pignataro Maria Gemma , Pernazza Angelina , Botticelli Andrea , Carosi Mariantonia , Costarelli Leopoldo , Allegretti Matteo , d’Amati Giulia , Cordone Iole 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastasis is the main cause of breast cancer (BC) mortality. Increasing evidence points to a role of syndecan-1 (CD138) expression as a prognostic marker involved in BC tissue and leptomeningeal metastasis. Aim of this study was to investigate and compare syndecan-1 tissue expression and localization in primary and secondary BC, focusing on brain metastases.

Methods
Syndecan-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Focal vs diffuse (< or > 50% of cancer cells, respectively) pattern of expression, cellular localization (cytoplasm vs membrane) and intensity of immunostaining on neoplastic cells were evaluated. Moreover, the extent and pattern of expression of syndecan-1 were compared between primary tumors and paired metastases and correlated with the tumor intrinsic subtype.

Results
A total of 23 cases, 10 with paired primary and metastatic tumor and 13 brain metastases, were evaluated. Syndecan-1 was expressed in both primary and metastatic BC. A diffuse cytoplasmic expression was observed in most primary BCs; by contrast, all metastatic lesions showed a membrane pattern of expression, suggesting a shift in cellular localization of syndecan-1 during the metastatic process. Concerning the extent of expression, we observed in metastatic lesions, a trend of association between intrinsic subtypes and extent of positivity. In particular, both BC characterized by overexpression of HER2 and triple-negative tumors were correlated with a diffuse pattern of expression with a moderate to strong intensity.

Conclusion
A diffuse cytoplasmic expression was observed in most primary BCs; by contrast, all metastatic lesions showed a membrane pattern of expression, suggesting a shift in cellular localization of syndecan-1 during the metastatic process.
DoMoS − an open-source device for automated monitoring of endangered garden dormice (Eliomys quercinus)
Authors: Büchner Sven , von Thaden Alina , Braun Antonia , Drodofsky Paul , Heim Lars , Hill Padraig , Lang Johannes , Haalboom Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObtaining biological and behavioural data on wild animals in the field remains a challenging task. Data collection is either very labour-intensive or sometimes even proves impossible without special technical devices. This is especially true for small nocturnal mammals like the endangered garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus). Here, we present a new device for automated small mammal monitoring, called DoMoS (Dormouse Monitoring System). It integrates the collection of individual hair samples for DNA analysis, a scale to measure body mass, and a camera trap to monitor activity. During a first field test with garden dormice, data on body mass and activity patterns and hair samples have been successfully collected. The system was designed as an open-source project and can thus be replicated and adjusted to other species’ monitoring needs and research questions. The DoMoS enables the study of various data, including the collection of DNA samples, without capturing the target species. Automatic data collection reduces stress for animals and researchers.
Application of the capture–recapture method to ascertain the completeness of the Saxon pediatric IBD registry in Germany
Authors: Li Shi , Kern Ivana , Manuwald Ulf , Kugler Joachim , Rothe Ulrike 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide. The Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry was founded in 2000 to describe the epidemiology of pediatric IBD in Germany. The aim of this study was to determinate the completeness of this registry for children and adolescents younger than 15 years and to make this approach transparent. Results of this completeness update have broad implications for further scientific publications from the registry dataset.

Method
The capture–recapture method with two data sources was used to ascertain completeness. A second data source was collected in 2019 for the observation period 2008–2014 from all pediatricians, gastroenterologists, and internists working in practices in a predefined region in Saxony, Germany.

Results
A total of 23 patients with IBD were reported who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. One of them was not recorded in the registry. Therefore, the completeness of the registry was estimated at 95.7% (95% CI 90.2–100). Initial analysis of the Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry over the 15-year period 2000–2014 includes 532 patients, 312 (58.6%) male and 220 (41.4%) female. The distribution of single IBD diseases in the registry was as follows: Crohn’s disease 338 patients (63.5%), ulcerative colitis 176 patients (33.1%), and unclassified IBD 18 patients (3.4%). Evaluations by sex and by disease in age groups and by age at onset were tabulated.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the completeness level of the Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry is high (95.7%), and thus the epidemiological data of the registry are reliable.
Basic practices for gastrointestinal ultrasound
Authors: Nishida Mutsumi , Hasegawa Yuichi , Hata Jiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe standard diagnostic modalities for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases have long been endoscopy and barium enema. Recently, trans-sectional imaging modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have become increasingly utilized in daily practice. In transabdominal ultrasonography (US), the bowel sometimes interferes with the observation of abdominal organs. Additionally, the thin intestinal walls and internal gas can make structures difficult to identify. However, under optimal US equipment settings, with identification of the sonoanatomy and knowledge of the US findings of GI diseases, US can be used effectively to diagnose GI disorders. Thus, the efficacy of GIUS has been gradually recognized, and GIUS guidelines have been published by the World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology and the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Following a systematic scanning method according to the sonoanatomy and precisely estimating the layered wall structures by employing color Doppler make diagnosing disease and evaluating the degree of inflammation possible. This review describes current GIUS practices from an equipment perspective, a procedure for systematic scanning, typical findings of the normal GI tract, and 10 diagnostic items in an attempt to help medical practitioners effectively perform GIUS and promote the use of GIUS globally.
Two-bound core games and the nucleolus
Authors: Gong Doudou , Dietzenbacher Bas , Peters Hans 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces the new class of two-bound core games, where the core can be described by a lower bound and an upper bound on the payoffs of the players. Many classes of games turn out to be two-bound core games. We show that the core of each two-bound core game can be described equivalently by the pair of exact core bounds, and study to what extent the exact core bounds can be stretched while retaining the core description. We provide explicit expressions of the nucleolus for two-bound core games in terms of all pairs of bounds describing the core, using the Talmud rule for bankruptcy problems, and study to what extent these expressions are robust against game changes.
Beyond congruence: evidential integration and inferring the best evolutionary scenario
Authors: Nejad Kourki Arsham 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMolecular methods have revolutionised virtually every area of biology, and metazoan phylogenetics is no exception: molecular phylogenies, molecular clocks, comparative phylogenomics, and developmental genetics have generated a plethora of molecular data spanning numerous taxa and collectively transformed our understanding of the evolutionary history of animals, often corroborating but at times opposing results of more traditional approaches. Moreover, the diversity of methods and models within molecular phylogenetics has resulted in significant disagreement among molecular phylogenies as well as between these and earlier phylogenies. How should this broad and multifaceted problem be tackled? I argue that the answer lies in integrating evidence to infer the best evolutionary scenario. I begin with an overview of recent development in early metazoan phylogenetics, followed by a discussion of key conceptual issues in phylogenetics revolving around phylogenetic evidence, theory, methodology, and interrelations thereof. I then argue that the integration of different kinds of evidence (e.g. molecular, morphological, ecological) is necessary for arriving at the best evolutionary scenario (causal explanation) rather than merely the best-fitting cladogram (statistical explanation). Finally, I discuss the prospects of this view in stimulating interdisciplinary cross-talk in early metazoan research and beyond, and challenges that need to be overcome.
A comparative analysis of recurrence risk predictions in ER+/HER2− early breast cancer using NHS Nottingham Prognostic Index, PREDICT, and CanAssist Breast
Authors: Gunda Aparna , Eshwaraiah Mallikarjuna S. , Gangappa Kiran , Kaur Taranjot , Bakre Manjiri M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims
Clinicians use multi-gene/biomarker prognostic tests and free online tools to optimize treatment in early ER+/HER2− breast cancer. Here we report the comparison of recurrence risk predictions by CanAssist Breast (CAB), Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), and PREDICT along with the differences in the performance of these tests across Indian and European cohorts.

Methods
Current study used a retrospective cohort of 1474 patients from Europe, India, and USA. NPI risk groups were categorized into three prognostic groups, good (GPG-NPI index ≤ 3.4) moderate (MPG 3.41–5.4), and poor (PPG  > 5.4). Patients with chemotherapy benefit of < 2% were low-risk and ≥ 2% high-risk by PREDICT. We assessed the agreement between the CAB and NPI/PREDICT risk groups by kappa coefficient.

Results
Risk proportions generated by all tools were: CAB low:high 74:26; NPI good:moderate:poor prognostic group- 38:55:7; PREDICT low:high 63:37. Overall, there was a fair agreement between CAB and NPI[κ = 0.31(0.278–0.346)]/PREDICT [κ = 0.398 (0.35–0.446)], with a concordance of 97%/88% between CAB and NPI/PREDICT low-risk categories. 65% of NPI-MPG patients were called low-risk by CAB. From PREDICT high-risk patients CAB segregated 51% as low-risk, thus preventing over-treatment in these patients. In cohorts (European) with a higher number of T1N0 patients, NPI/PREDICT segregated more as LR compared to CAB, suggesting that T1N0 patients with aggressive biology are missed out by online tools but not by the CAB.

Conclusion
Data shows the use of CAB in early breast cancer overall and specifically in NPI-MPG and PREDICT high-risk patients for making accurate decisions on chemotherapy use. CAB provided unbiased risk stratification across cohorts of various geographies with minimal impact by clinical parameters.
Positive association between body height and breast cancer prevalence: a retrospective study with 135,741 women in Germany
Authors: Gremke Niklas , Griewing Sebastian , Kalder Matthias , Kostev Karel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of breast cancer in relation to body height and to investigate associations between body height and breast cancer in Germany.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 135,741 adult women followed in one of 161 gynecology practices in Germany between January 2019 and December 2021. The 3 year prevalence of breast cancer (ICD-10: C50) during the study period was shown in relation to body height, which was included in this study as a five-category variable for women: ≤ 160 cm, 161–165 cm, 166–170 cm, 171–175 cm, > 175 cm. The associations between height and breast cancer were analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for age and BMI.

Results
The prevalence of breast cancer increased from 5.1% in women ≤ 160 cm to 6.8% in women > 175 cm in the age group 51–60, and from 9.2% in women ≤ 160 cm to 12.2% in women 171–175 cm in the age group > 60 years. The OR for breast cancer was 1.18 (95% CI 1.12–1.24) for every 10 cm increase in height. Compared to height ≤ 160 cm, the OR for height 166–170 cm was 1.26 (1.15–1.39), for 171–175 cm 1.43 (1.27–1.61), and for > 175 cm 1.49 (1.28–1.74).

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that greater body height in women is significantly related to an increased breast cancer risk.
Procurement for zero-emission construction sites: a comparative study of four European cities
Authors: Stokke Raymond , Qiu Xinlu , Sparrevik Magnus , Truloff Shannon , Borge Iselin , de Boer Luitzen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe public sector has a vital role in reducing emissions from construction activities and achieving environmental goals. Therefore, it is vital to investigate the opportunities for reducing the construction industry’s emissions through its procurement practices. This paper explores the opportunities and challenges of using green public procurement (GPP) to orchestrate stakeholder ecosystems, including public buyers, construction companies, subcontractors, and equipment suppliers, to achieve zero-emission construction sites—that is, ecosystems for zero-emission construction sites (EZEMCONS). The multiple case study methodology is employed to examine four European cities’ practices and experiences. The findings suggest that cities can improve low-emission machinery infrastructure, promote better networking for builders, and enhance cooperation through early market dialogues. Conversely, EZEMCONS pose challenges to innovation ecosystem (IE) orchestration, particularly when managing large-scale zero-emission infrastructure projects. Cities can use these findings to understand general IE implications for developing more mature EZEMCONS. More specifically, this study summarizes the potential opportunities and challenges of GPP for building mature IEs. GPP has been the subject of much environmental policy and sustainable production research; however, its application to EZEMCONS is limited. Consequently, this research contributes to the emergent literature on EZEMCONS, within the GPP context, by examining its opportunities and challenges.
Oocyte diameter predicts the maturation rate of human immature oocytes collected ex vivo
Authors: Pors S. E. , Nikiforov D. , Cadenas J. , Ghezelayagh Z. , Wakimoto Y. , Jara L. A. Z. , Cheng J. , Dueholm M. , Macklon K. T. , Flachs E. M. , Mamsen L. S. , Kristensen S. G. , Andersen C. Yding 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To study the impact of oocyte diameter and cumulus cell mass on the potential for final maturation of immature human oocytes in vitro.

Methods
Immature oocytes (n = 1563) from 75 women undergoing fertility preservation by ovarian tissue cryopreservation (14–41 years) were collected. After preparation of the ovarian cortex for freezing, immature oocytes were collected from the surplus medulla. After collection, IVM was performed according to standard published methods. The mass of cumulus cell surrounding the immature oocyte was grouped according to size. After IVM, each oocyte was photographed, measured, and the diameter was calculated as a mean of two perpendicular measurements.

Results
The diameter of the oocytes ranged from 60 to 171 µm with a mean of 115 µm (SD:12.1) and an interquartile range from 107 to 124 µm. The oocyte diameter was positively associated with a higher incidence of MII (p < 0.001). MII oocytes had a significantly larger mean diameter than MI, GV, and degenerated oocytes. The size of the cumulus cell mass was significantly associated with the MII stage (p < 0.001) and larger oocyte diameter (p < 0.001). The results further confirm that the diameter of the fully grown oocyte is reached relatively early in human follicular development and that the factors governing oocyte maturation in vitro are connected to the surrounding cell mass and the oocyte.

Conclusion
The diameter of the oocyte is a highly determining factor in the nuclear maturation of the human oocyte during in vitro maturation, and the size of the cumulus cell mass is closely positively associated with a larger diameter.
Progress of the ECHo SDR Readout Hardware for Multiplexed MMCs
Authors: Gartmann R. , Karcher N. , Gebauer R. , Krömer O. , Sander O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe electron capture in $$^{163}$$

163

Holmium (ECHo) experiment seeks to achieve sub-eV sensitivity of the electron neutrino mass through calorimetric decay spectroscopy of $$^{163}$$

163

Ho in large arrays of cryogenic magnetic microcalorimeters (MMCs). Microwave SQUID multiplexing serves to efficiently increase the number of readout channels, thus calorimeters per array and ultimately per cryostat. A corresponding frequency multiplexing room temperature software-defined radio (SDR) system is in development to enable the readout of this increased number of MMCs per cable. The SDR consists of a custom FPGA platform that provides signal generation and analysis capabilities, as well as tailored signal conversion and analog conditioning front end electronics that enable the room-temperature-to-cryogenic interface. Ultimately, the system will read out 400 multiplexer channels with double pixel detectors through a bandwidth of 4 GHz (IEEE C band). As high-resolution data converters are limited in sample rate, the C-band is split into five sub-bands using a two-stage mixing method. In this contribution, a prototype of the heterodyne RF design is presented. It comprises one of the five 800 MHz sub-bands for a target frequency range between 4 and 8 GHz. Furthermore, the second version of the A/D converter stage is presented, capable of generating and digitizing up to five complex basebands using 1 GSs$$^{-1}$$

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1

converters, the reference clocks and a flux-ramp signal. We will show first results of their single and combined characterization in the lab. The current state of the prototype hardware enables preliminary measurements, only limited in bandwidth and with slightly higher noise. Potential improvements could be derived and will be implemented in the full bandwidth, 5-sub-band RF PCB design.
Up regulation of long non-coding RNAs BACE1 and down regulation of LINC-PINT are associated with CRC clinicopathological characteristics
Authors: Bakhtiari-Nezhad Sara , Rejali Leili , Hadizadeh Mahrooyeh , Taleghani Mohammad Yaghob , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh , Young Chris , Khanabadi Binazir , Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad Ehsan , Bonab Maziar Ashrafian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are known to have regulatory consequences for aberrant gene expression in cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression levels of long non-encoding RNAs, BACE1 (β-secretase1) and LINC-PINT (Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA, P53 Induced Transcript), in colorectal cancer (CRC) with clinicopathological parameters.

Methods and results
Bioinformatics analysis defining effectual signalling pathways Wnt. A total of 130 tissue samples (50 fresh CRC tissues with parallel adjacent normal tissues (ADJ) accompanied with 30 normal healthy control tissue samples) were collected from the Iranian population. mRNA expression analysis was performed via Real Time Q-PCR. Statistical analysis for comparing CRC expression levels with ADJ and normal healthy tissues were carried out using Kruskal–Wallis tests. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for each LNC, separately. We discovered that PINT and BACE1 expression levels were decreased and increased respectively in CRC tumour samples compared with ADJ normal and healthy tissues. Clinicopathological parameter assessment revealed a significant relationship between PINT expression, tumour location, staging and distant metastasis (p < 0.009, p < 0.014, p < 0.008, respectively). Also, BACE1 over expression was significantly associated with tumour site (p < 0.009), metastasis (p < 0.017) and histological differentiation (p < 0.028) and staging (p < 0.017). Furthermore, ROC curve plotting showed LINC-PINT LNC-BACE1 may distinguish between early and late-stage of CRC, highlighting the value of both BACE1 and PINT as CRC progression biomarkers.

Conclusion
We investigated two LNCRNAs (PINT and BACE1) as potential CRC prognostic biomarkers, which are imperative for early and effective medical intervention in CRC. Expression levels of PINT and BACE1 in CRC tissue samples may serve to identify metastasis earlier, increasing patient survival rates and expediating clinical treatment options.
Effects of centrifugal stiffening and spin softening on nonlinear modal characteristics of cyclic blades with impact–friction coupling
Authors: She Houxin , Li Chaofeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to interpret the coupling modal properties of cyclic blades under impact–friction interactions and their evolution mechanism versus operating points. Therefore, a coupling analytical model of cyclic blades is developed based on a Lagrange method and the assumed mode method (AMM), after considering centrifugal stiffening, spin softening, stagger angle, and twist angle. Then a mixed modal analysis method (MMAM) for this analytical model is extended by combining the extended periodic motion concept (EPMC) with AMM. Wherein a classic alternating frequency/time method (AFT) and the continuation method are employed to overcome the numerical divergence problem. Then damped nonlinear normal modes (dNNMs), including eigenfrequencies, modal damping ratios, and mode shapes, of the coupling system with shroud joints are finally computed and discussed under different excitation levels and contact conditions through a modal synthesis algorithm. After that, the influence laws of centrifugal stiffening and spin softening on the dNNMs are explored to reveal its evolution mechanism versus operation speeds. Finally, the Campbell diagrams of dNNMs are successfully obtained to discuss the effects of the impact–friction coupling on critical speeds (CSs) of the shrouded blades system.
Representations and warranties insurance in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Even-Tov Omri , Ryans James , Solomon Steven Davidoff 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo mitigate information asymmetry in acquisitions, the seller makes contractual representations and warranties (referred to as “R&W” or “reps”) about the state of the target, such as attesting to the accuracy of the target’s financial statements. While seller indemnities allow buyers to impose costs due to breaches in the reps discovered after the deal’s close, these indemnities involve significant contracting costs. To mitigate these costs, the acquisition parties have increasingly turned to purchasing representations and warranties insurance. Using a proprietary and novel sample of R&W insurance policies issued worldwide for acquisitions of non-public targets, we find that the demand for R&W insurance, the premium charged for it, and the likelihood of a claim being filed are correlated with industry metrics for valuation uncertainty, the type of acquirer and seller, and the target’s legal regime. In particular, we find higher demand for R&W insurance and a higher R&W insurance premium charged when the target belongs to an industry with weaker internal controls. We also find that a higher premium is charged when the target is in an industry with relatively high levels of R&D to sales, indicating that the insurance company expects unrecognized intangible assets to have a greater risk of future claims. Our study adds to our understanding of how parties reduce target valuation uncertainty and the role of disclosures and R&W insurance policies in private mergers and acquisitions transactions.