bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying potential regulators of JAGGED1 expression in portal mesenchymal cells
Authors: Nishino Teppei , Yoshihara Masaharu , Nakayama Takahiro , Tsuchiya Takaho , Tahara Saeko , Ozaki Haruka , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Portal mesenchymal cells induce the epithelial differentiation of the bile ducts in the developing liver via one of the Delta-Notch signaling components, JAGGED1. Although this differential induction is crucial for normal liver physiology as its genetic disorder (Alagille syndrome) causes jaundice, the molecular mechanism behind JAGGED1 expression remains unknown. Here, we searched for upstream regulatory transcription factors of JAGGED1 using an integrated bioinformatics method.

Results
According to the DoRothEA database, which integrates multiple lines of evidence on the relationship between transcription factors and their downstream target genes, three transcription factors were predicted to be upstream of JAGGED1: SLUG, SOX2, and EGR1. Among these, SLUG and EGR1 were enriched in ACTA2-expressing portal mesenchymal cells in two previously reported human fetal liver single-cell RNA-seq datasets. JAGGED1-expressing portal mesenchymal cells tended to express SLUG rather than EGR1, supporting that SLUG induced JAGGED1 expression. Together with the higher confidentiality of SLUG (DoRothEA level A) over EGR1 (DoRothEA level D), we concluded that SLUG was one of the most important candidate transcription factors upstream of JAGGED1. These results add mechanistic insights into the developmental biology of how portal mesenchymal cells support biliary development in the liver.
Biomimetic hydrogel scaffolds via enzymatic reaction for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Khanmohammadi Mehdi , Jalessi Maryam , Asghari Alimohamad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to evaluate cytocompatibility of hyaluronic acid (HA) and gelatin (Gela) conjugation with phenolic groups (Phs) via enzyme-mediated crosslinking. Phenolic moieties were substituted on the backbone of HA (HA-Ph) and Gela (Gela-Ph) and subsequently were subjected for horseradish peroxidase crosslinking in the presence of H2O2 as an electron donor to create a stable hybrid microenvironment for cellular behavior and cartilage tissue engineering.

Results
Successful synthesis of biopolymers confirmed by NRM and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The physical characteristic of hydrogels including mechanical properties and water contact angle of hydrogels enhanced with addition of Gela-Ph in HA-based hydrogel. The Gela-Ph showed longest gelation time and highest degradation rate. The cellular studies showed cells did not attach to HA-Ph hydrogel. While, proper cell attachment and proliferation observed on blend hydrogel surface compared with the neat hydrogels which interpret by the existence of cell-adhesive motifs of utilized Gela-Ph in this hydrogel. The encapsulated cells in HA-Ph hydrogel were spheroid and just maintained their viability. Hydrogels containing Gela-Ph, the cells were spindle shape with high degrees of cytoplasmic extension. Overall, the results suggest that hybrid biomimetic hydrogel can provide a superior biological microenvironment for chondrocytes in 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
Effects of environmental enrichment and sexual dimorphism on the expression of cerebellar receptors in C57BL/6 and BTBR + Itpr3tf/J mice
Authors: Monje-Reyna Daniela , Manzo Denes Jorge , Santamaria Fidel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Environmental enrichment is used to treat social, communication, and behavioral deficits and is known to modify the expression of synaptic receptors. We compared the effects of environmental enrichment in the expression of glutamate and endocannabinoid receptors, which are widely expressed in the cerebellar cortex. These two receptors interact to regulate neuronal function and their dysregulation is associated with behavioral changes. We used BTBR + Itpr3tf/J mice, a strain that models behavioral disorders, and C57BL/6 mice for comparison. We studied the effects of genetic background, sex, environmental conditions, and layer of the cerebellar cortex on the expression of each receptor.

Results
The influence of genetic background and environmental enrichment had the same pattern on glutamate and endocannabinoid receptors in males. In contrast, in females, the effect of environmental enrichment and genetic background were different than the ones obtained for males and were also different between the glutamate and endocannabinoid receptors. Furthermore, an analysis of both receptors from tissue obtained from the same animals show that their expression is correlated in males, but not in females. Our results suggest that environmental enrichment has a receptor dependent and sexual dimorphic effect on the molecular expression of different receptors in the cerebellar cortex.
Retinoic acid regulates the ubiquitin–proteasome system in a middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model
Authors: Kang Ju-Bin , Shah Murad-Ali , Park Dong-Ju , Koh Phil-Ok 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundRetinoic acid is a major metabolite of vitamin A and exerts beneficial effects including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in neurons. The ubiquitin–proteasome system is an important biological system that regulates cell survival. Ubiquitination regulates protein degradation and plays an important role in oxidative stress. Deubiquitinating enzymes cleave ubiquitin from proteins and control ubiquitination-induced degradation. We detected decreases in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1, and proteasome subunit alpha types 1 and 3 in cerebral ischemic damage. In this study, we investigated whether retinoic acid regulates the expression of deubiquitinating enzymes ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1, and proteasome subunit alpha types 1 and 3 in cerebral ischemic injury. Right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce cerebral ischemic damage in male rats. Retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was intraperitoneally injected every day from 4 days before surgery. Neurological behavioral tests were performed 24 h after MCAO, and right cerebral cortical tissues were collected.ResultsMCAO damage caused neurological behavioral dysfunction, and retinoic acid alleviated these deficits. The identified proteins decreased in MCAO animals with vehicle, while retinoic acid treatment attenuated these decreases. The results of proteomic study were confirmed by a reverse transcription-PCR technique. Expressions of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1, and proteasome subunit alpha types 1 and 3 were decreased in MCAO animals treated with vehicle. Retinoic acid treatment alleviated these MCAO-induced reductions. The ubiquitin–proteasome system plays an essential role in maintaining cell function and preserving cell shape against ischemic damage.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that retinoic acid regulates ubiquitin- and proteasome-related proteins including ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1, and proteasome subunit alpha types 1 and 3 in a brain ischemia model. Changes in these proteins are involved in the neuroprotective effects of retinoic acid.
Natriuretic peptides in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Nicolae Bodrug , Ecaterina Luca 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are considered a useful tool for diagnosing the cardiac or pulmonary origin of acute dyspnea in the emergency department. The aim of this study was to evaluate NP in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Materials and methods
In the PubMed and Hinari databases, we identified 465 comprehensive articles in English, published in the years 1990–2021, which provided information on natriuretic peptides in elderly patients with COPD. The final bibliography contains 49 relevant sources.

Results
NP, specially BNP/NT-proBNP values are frequently elevated in patients with COPD, reflecting three complex aspects of the interrelated cardio-pulmonary continuum: (1) left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, (2) pulmonary vascular and right heart remodeling, (3) global cardiovascular risk and comorbidities. The additional increase in BNP/NT-proBNP values during acute exacerbation of COPD is probably a marker for both, acute estate of COPD and varying degrees of underlying cardiopulmonary disease.
The results of the studies suggest the role of natriuretic peptides as relevant prognostic biomarkers not only for patients with cardiovascular disease, but also for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which has an important clinical implication. The determination of these biomarkers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease allows stratification for prognosis: it is able to select a subgroup of patients at higher risk, which requires increased attention and optimization of treatment.

Conclusion
NPs, especially BNP/NT-proBNP are relevant prognostic biomarkers not only for patients with cardiovascular disease, but also for patients with COPD, acute exacerbations and haemodynamic disorders like PH and cor pulmonale. Estimating BNP/NT-proBNP in COPD patients has an important clinical implication: it allows the selection of a subgroup of patients at higher risk, which requires increased attention and treatment optimization.
An unusual cause of pneumomediastinum and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Pratap U. , Ravindrachari M. , Sneha L. , Vishnukanth G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Progressive acute respiratory failure with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) in immunocompetent individuals is rare, and if detected early, diagnosis and treatment dilemmas can be limited. We report here a unique case of respiratory failure due to tubercular spontaneous pneumomediastinum complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Case presentation
A 24-year-old male of low socioeconomic background presented with shortness of breath, dry cough, and fever for 7 days, which was accompanied by weight loss and a reduced appetite. The patient had tachypnea and hypoxemia (SpO2 = 86%). The patient’s condition deteriorated (SpO2 = 72% with 12 L min−1of O2 delivered using a non-rebreather mask), and he was intubated using a lung-protective approach with a tidal volume of 350 mL (6 mL kg−1), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cm H2O, RR of 20 cycles/min, a flow rate of 35 L min−1, and FiO2 of 0.6. High-resolution computer tomography of the thorax showed multilobar consolidation, pneumomediastinum, and extensive subcutaneous emphysema with left-sided pneumothorax. Subsequently, a left-sided tube thoracostomy was carried out. The PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio immediately after intubation was 130 and rose to 170 post-thoracostomy, which was suggestive of moderate ARDS. Bacterial and fungal colonies detected from the blood and endotracheal aspirate were normal. However, for the endotracheal aspirate, the cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) detected TB with no rifampicin resistance. The patient was started on anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). Despite ATT, the patient developed circulatory shock and died after 4 days.

Conclusions
In young patients with acute spontaneous pneumomediastinum and ARDS, TB infection should be considered during initial diagnostics. This consideration may lead to timely treatments and improved patient survival.
“Effect of tungsten carbide (WC) on electrochemical corrosion behavior, hardness, and microstructure of CrFeCoNi high entropy alloy”
Authors: Khallaf A. Hegazy , Bhlol M. , Dawood O. M. , Ghayad I. M. , Elkady Omayma A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh-entropy alloy HEA (CrFeCoNi) was reinforced with variety of weight percentages of 5:20 wt.% WC particles. The alloy samples were mechanically prepared in a ball roll mill for 25 h by 10:1 ball to powder ratio at 180 rpm. Then WC was mixed with the prepared alloys in a high-speed ball mill for 1 h by 350 rpm under a controlled atmosphere. The mixed samples were compacted by a uniaxial press under 700 MPa and then sintered at 1200 °C for 90 min under air atmosphere. The corrosion behavior of the tested samples in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated using electrochemical polarization measurements. The microstructure of the sintered samples with high relative density showed three phases, which were FCC matrix, W-rich carbide, and Cr-rich carbide and homogeneously distributed all over the alloy matrix. The hardness of the (CrFeCoNi)1-X (WC)X HEAs was increased gradually with the increasing of WC content from about 336.41 HV up to 632.48 HV at room temperature. The results indicated that the addition of WC improves the corrosion resistance. Especially, the 20 wt.% of WC addition remarkably enhanced the comprehensive corrosion resistance and easy passivation of (CrFeCoNi)1-X(WC)X HEAs. Also, the wear rate of 0 wt.% WC HEA is (1.70E-04) which is approximately 4.5 times higher than the wear rate of 20 wt.% WC HEA (3.81E-05); this means that wear resistance is significantly improved with the increase of WC content.
Backthrust play of the Chernyshev swell, Timan-Pechora Basin: Reentry into a legacy exploration site based on multidisciplinary study
Authors: Sobornov Konstantin , Korotkov Ilya , Yakovlev Denis , Kulikov Viktor , Kudriavtsev Konstantin 
Published: May 2022

We have developed a new interpretation of the Povarnitsa High, located in the southern part of the transition zone between the Chernyshov swell and the Kosyu-Rogov trough in the Polar Urals foreland. Petroleum exploration in this area took place in the 1980s and resulted only in an uneconomical oil deposit. Reprocessing and reinterpretation of vintage data and a newly acquired 3D seismic survey along with nonseismic geophysical data provided new insight into the geologic setting of the area. It found a subthrust extension of the Povarnitsa High, overlain by a backthrust sheet floored by upper Ordovician evaporites. This backthrust sheet interpretably resulted from the squeezing of the salt diapir during the late Permian contraction. Stratal patterns of the Silurian-Carboniferous section adjacent to the salt structures suggest early precontraction initiation of the halokinetic deformation, which influenced the distribution of reservoirs such as reefs and oolites. We consider the salt-cored subthrust structural culmination a principal hydrocarbon prospect. It includes multiple reservoir-seal pairs in the Silurian-Permian section at depths ranging from 1 to 4 km. The updated structural model of the Povarnitsa High area suggests that the vintage wells penetrated prospective intervals at the periphery of the closure approximately 1 km downdip from the subthrust crest of the prospect.
Association of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and Antiviral Treatment With the Development of the Extrahepatic Malignancies: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Dong Hyeon , Chung Sung Won , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Kim Hwi Young , Chung Goh Eun , Kim Mi-Sook , Yang Bo Ram , Nam Joon Yeul , Lee Yun Bin , Kim Yoon Jun , Yoon Jung-Hwan 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Epidemiologic studies suggest that chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a risk factor for various primary extrahepatic malignancies. Our aim was to evaluate the associations of CHB and nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) treatment with the risk of the development of extrahepatic malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted an 18-month landmark analysis using nationwide claims data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Patients newly diagnosed with CHB in 2012-2014 (n = 90,944) and matched-controls (n = 685,436) were included. Patients with CHB were further classified as the NA-treated (CHB+/NA+, n = 6,539) or the NA-untreated (CHB+/NA–, n = 84,405) group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis was applied to balance the treatment groups. Time-varying Cox analysis was performed to evaluate time-varying effect of NA treatment. The primary outcome was the development of any primary extrahepatic malignancy. Development of intrahepatic malignancy and death were considered as competing events. RESULTS During the study period (median = 47.4 months), 30,413 patients (3.9%) developed any extrahepatic malignancy. The CHB+/NA– group had a higher overall risk of extrahepatic malignancy than the CHB+/NA+ group (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [aSHR] = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.45; P < .001) or controls (aSHR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.26; P < .001). There was no difference in the risk of extrahepatic malignancy between the CHB+/NA+ group and the controls (CHB+/NA+ v control: aSHR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.08; P = .48). In time-varying Cox analysis, the CHB+/NA– patients were associated with a higher risk of extrahepatic malignancy than the CHB+/NA+ patients (aSHR = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.52; P < .001). CONCLUSION Patients with CHB have an elevated risk of developing primary extrahepatic malignancy. Long-term NA treatment was associated with a lower risk of extrahepatic malignancy development among patients with CHB.
Update on Biology and Genomics of Adrenocortical Carcinomas: Rationale for Emerging Therapies
Authors: Lerario Antonio Marcondes , Mohan Dipika R , Hammer Gary D 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The adrenal glands are paired endocrine organs that produce steroid hormones and catecholamines required for life. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and often fatal cancer of the peripheral domain of the gland, the adrenal cortex. Recent research in adrenal development, homeostasis, and disease have refined our understanding of the cellular and molecular programs controlling cortical growth and renewal, uncovering crucial clues into how physiologic programs are hijacked in early and late stages of malignant neoplasia. Alongside these studies, genome-wide approaches to examine adrenocortical tumors have transformed our understanding of ACC biology, and revealed that ACC is composed of distinct molecular subtypes associated with favorable, intermediate, and dismal clinical outcomes. The homogeneous transcriptional and epigenetic programs prevailing in each ACC subtype suggest likely susceptibility to any of a plethora of existing and novel targeted agents, with the caveat that therapeutic response may ultimately be limited by cancer cell plasticity. Despite enormous biomedical research advances in the last decade, the only potentially curative therapy for ACC to date is primary surgical resection, and up to 75% of patients will develop metastatic disease refractory to standard-of-care adjuvant mitotane and cytotoxic chemotherapy. A comprehensive, integrated, and current bench-to-bedside understanding of our field’s investigations into adrenocortical physiology and neoplasia is crucial to developing novel clinical tools and approaches to equip the one-in-a-million patient fighting this devastating disease.
Not New to This: A Genealogical Approach to Black Girls’ Media Production
Authors: Wade Ashleigh Greene 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
During the nineteenth and early to mid-twentieth centuries, the Black press served as a cornerstone of Black social and political life in the United States. For Black Americans, newspapers and magazines functioned as both informational resources and philosophical spaces that engaged conversations of racial uplift, which often centered Black girlhood as an especially important site for assessing racial progress. Despite the evolving nature of media platforms themselves, the relationship between media and Black Americans continues to be a tool by which to measure the pulse of Black life; the role of digital media in the lives of twenty-first-century Black Americans mirrors that of Black magazines and newspapers in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Of particular note is the way that Black youth, especially Black girls, use digital media spaces to make themselves (and their experiences) visible and generate social discourse through the content they post on social media. In this article, I look at historical Black titles—the Woman's Era and the Brownies’ Book—as well as contemporary Black girls’ social media content to show how Black girls have historically developed a discourse of Black girlhood alongside their adult counterparts who were concerned with racial uplift and continue to author and theorize their lives through digital media.
Validation of the Benefits of Ambulation Within 8 Hours of Elective Cervical and Lumbar Surgery: A Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative Study
Authors: Lim Seokchun , Bazydlo Michael , Macki Mohamed , Haider Sameah , Hamilton Travis , Hunt Rachel , Chaker Anisse , Kantak Pranish , Schultz Lonni , Nerenz David , Schwalb Jason M. , Abdulhak Muwaffak , Park Paul , Aleem Ilyas , Easton Richard , Khalil Jad G. , Perez-Cruet Miguelangelo J. , Chang Victor 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:
Early ambulation is considered a key element to Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol after spine surgery.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate whether ambulation less than 8 hours after elective spine surgery is associated with improved outcome.

METHODS:
The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative database was queried to track all elective cervical and lumbar spine surgery between July 2018 and April 2021. In total, 7647 cervical and 17 616 lumbar cases were divided into 3 cohorts based on time to ambulate after surgery: (1) <8 hours, (2) 8 to 24 hours, and (3) >24 hours.

RESULTS:
For cervical cases, patients who ambulated 8 to 24 hours (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.38; 95% CI 1.11-1.70; P = .003) and >24 hours (aOR 2.20; 95% CI 1.20-4.03; P = .011) after surgery had higher complication rate than those who ambulated within 8 hours of surgery. Similar findings were noted for lumbar cases with patients who ambulated 8 to 24 hours (aOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.12-1.54; P < .001) and >24 hours (aOR 1.96; 95% CI 1.50-2.56; P < .001) after surgery having significantly higher complication rate than those ambulated <8 hours after surgery. Analysis of secondary outcomes for cervical cases demonstrated that <8-hour ambulation was associated with home discharge, shorter hospital stay, lower 90-day readmission, and lower urinary retention rate. For lumbar cases, <8-hour ambulation was associated with shorter hospital stay, satisfaction with surgery, lower 30-day readmission, home discharge, and lower urinary retention rate.

CONCLUSION:
Ambulation within 8 hours after surgery is associated with significant improved outcome after elective cervical and lumbar spine surgery.
Opportunities and Problems of Teaching Professional Modules in the Period of Digital Transformation
Authors: Semenova L. , Kachans V. , Savva L. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Digitalization has become firmly established in the world practice of higher education. Universities transform the process of teaching professional modules, replenish the educational environment with digital technologies and resources. Digital transformation in higher education contributes to the achievement of educational effects and personalization in training.
Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities and problems of teaching courses in the context of digitalization of education in the form of professional modules.
Methods. literary and bibliographic review and analysis of sources, terminological analysis, survey of students and teachers, monitoring of digital resources.
Results. The analysis of resource provision and monitoring of digital educational platforms, web applications and instant messengers was carried out, which revealed a large number of digital platforms that enable teachers to widely use digital tools. Surveys of students and teachers have shown great interest and a high need for online learning.
Scientific novelty. The novelty of the results obtained lies in the expansion of interdisciplinary knowledge about the possibilities of digital educational platforms and tools, innovative technologies.
Practical significance. The results obtained can be useful for developing ideas about the possibilities of Web resources, digital tools and choosing ways to solve these problems.