bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automation of monitoring of background radiation and hazardous gas emissions from coal waste dumps using UAV and wireless sensor networks in combat conditions
Authors: Чумаченко Сергій , Самойленко Олексій , Карпенко Микола 
Published: February 2025

To date, the relevance of the issue of automated greenhouse gases monitoring on coal heaps in combating armed aggression of the Russian Federation is given a priority in connection with a significant potential threat to the environment and safety of life living in the surrounding areas. In the case of rockets and aviation, which means the defeat of the breed of coal mines, there is an increase in the risk of damage to units and parts of the armed forces in these territories. The analysis of publications in the area of automation of dangerous gases with the use of air surveillance shows that the use of UAVs for these tasks in the conditions of hostilities can reduce the risks for the personnel of the units of the RCB protection and operational and rescue units of the SES. The rapid technological development of monitoring automation tools has identified a number of tasks to solve, which will be effective in combining UAVs and wireless networks to monitor the emissions of hazardous gases. This task can be solved with mini and micro UAVs, stationary surveillance posts, and mobile MECH networks, which are currently complex and systematic but still not effectively resolved. The work presents the components of the developed automated system of monitoring emissions of dangerous gases from coal blades and substantiates its composition, system of information processing, and transmission of information to data processing centers. According to the results of the publication, recommendations for the formation of the composition of sensors, types of mini and micro UAVs, and the use of a developed complex of technical, organizational, and tactical measures to monitor coal breed dumps are proposed.
TELAAH DAN ANALISIS RUANG LINGKUP MATERI AKIDAH AKHLAK MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Rahmawati  
Published: February 2025

Salah satu penunjang keberhasilan pendidik dalam menanamkan Akidah dan Akhlak yaitu dengan adanya materi pembelajaran seperti memahami rukun iman, pembiasaan berakhlak mulia yang tertanam dalam diri peserta didik dengan adanya materi Akidah Akhlak di MI atau SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka (library research) atau kajian literatur dengan mengkaji beberapa literatur yang berkaitan dengan materi Akidah Akhlak di MI. Adapun rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini yaitu pertama, bagaimana ruang lingkup materi Akidah Akhlak di MI. Kedua, bagaimana telaah dan analisis materi Akidah Akhlak di MI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa materi Akidah Akhlak MI/SD memiliki 4 aspek yaitu, aqidah (keimanan), akhlak, adab islami dan keteladaan. Materi Akidah Akhlak MI menekankan pada kemampuan memahami dan mempertahankan keyakinan (aqidah) dan menghayati serta mengamalkan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam nama-nama Allah Swt yaitu al-Asma’ al-husna. yang termuat pada materi aqidah. Sedangkan Materi akhlak mempelajari pembiasaan atau adab untuk menerapkan akhlak terpuji dan menjauhi akhlak tercela serta mempelajari akhlak antara manusia dengan Tuhan, manusia dengan manusia dan manusia dengan alam semesta. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitif. Rumusan Masalah dari penelitian ini adalah 1.) Bagaimana Ruang Lingkup Materi Akidah Akhlak MI?. 2) Bagaimana telaah dan analisis materi Akidah Akhlak MI?
Démarche participative d’élaboration
d’un programme générique de préparation au mariage à l’Église maronite au
Liban
Authors: Khalil Aline , Matta Houwayda 
Published: February 2025

Cadre de la recherche : Cet article s’appuie sur une
thèse de doctorat portant sur l’élaboration d’un programme générique de
préparation au mariage à l’Église maronite au Liban. Dans ce contexte, la
préparation au mariage est confrontée à des défis majeurs tels que la réticence
et le désintérêt des couples, résultant notamment d’une adaptation insuffisante
aux attentes contemporaines.

Objectifs :
Développer un programme générique de préparation au mariage répondant aux
besoins et aspirations des couples, tout en favorisant leur participation
active. Les objectifs de ce processus visent à impliquer les parties prenantes
dans l’analyse des programmes de préparation au mariage existants, l’étude des
besoins des couples, et la conception du programme.

Méthodologie : L’étude s’appuie sur l’analyse des besoins
comme outil de planification de programme. Les résultats obtenus de la première
phase de collecte des données ont servi de base à l’élaboration initiale d’un
programme générique de préparation au mariage. La deuxième phase a porté sur un
forum communautaire interactif visant à finaliser la version définitive du
programme.

Conclusion : La recherche souligne
l’importance de la préparation au mariage pour les couples contemporains tout en
insistant sur l’importance de répondre à leurs besoins et préoccupations.

Contributions : Proposer un programme de
préparation au mariage adapté aux besoins des couples contemporains et intégrant
des stratégies de motivation pour encourager leur engagement actif, et ainsi
renforcer leur responsabilité dans la réussite de leur mariage.
Endettement et parentalité intensive :
les difficultés de remboursement chez les parents du Québec
Authors: Pugliese Maude , Quintal-Marineau Magalie 
Published: February 2025

Cadre de recherche : Bien que
l’endettement puisse favoriser l’ascension socioéconomique des familles, par
exemple en facilitant l’achat d’une résidence, il peut aussi mener au
surendettement, engendrant du stress, de l’isolement social et de la précarité.
Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses études cherchent à comprendre les sources
d’endettement et à identifier les ménages les plus vulnérables au
surendettement, mais peu se sont penché sur l’effet d’avoir des enfants à
charge.

Objectifs : Nous analysons la
situation d’endettement des parents par rapport à celle des personnes qui n’ont
pas (ou plus) d’enfants à charge au Québec. En nous appuyant sur les recherches
sur la parentalité intensive, nous développons l’argument que les parents sont
nombreux à recourir au crédit pour répondre aux besoins de leurs enfants,
engendrant chez eux des niveaux d’endettement et un risque plus élevé de
surendettement par rapport aux personnes sans enfants.

Méthodologie : Nous utilisons les données de l’Enquête sur
l’endettement des ménages québécois, menée en janvier et février 2022 (N :
4 433). Grâce à des régressions logistiques, linéaires et ordinales, nous
comparons la probabilité d’avoir des dettes, les montants dus, l’expérience de
difficultés de remboursement des dettes et le stress qu’elles engendrent chez
les parents et les personnes qui n’ont pas d’enfant à charge.

Résultats : Cette étude révèle que les parents sont plus
susceptibles d’être endettés que les personnes qui n’ont pas d’enfants à charge.
Ils rencontrent plus de difficultés à rembourser leurs dettes et éprouvent
davantage de stress à leur égard que les personnes sans enfants,
particulièrement s’ils sont seuls ou remis en couple. Près de 20 % des parents
identifie les dépenses liées à l’épanouissement de leurs enfants comme une
raison de dettes.

Conclusions : Les parents
sont substantiellement plus endettés et plus à risque de surendettement que les
personnes sans enfants à charge. Nous relions ce phénomène à la montée d’une
norme de parentalité intensive qui exige des parents, particulièrement des
mères, des niveaux sans précédents d’engagement dans le développement de leurs
enfants.

Contribution : Cette étude comble un
vide en examinant l’endettement des parents. Elle met en évidence les défis
particuliers auxquels sont confrontés les parents endettés. Elle révèle que même
dans un contexte où les politiques publiques soutiennent les familles, les
difficultés financières persistent.
Qualidade pós-colheita de pedúnculos de cajueiro (Anarcardium Occidentale l.) submetido a armazenamento refrigerado
Authors: Silva Whashington Idalino da , Pereira Francisco Hevilásio Freire , Sousa Diogenes Damarsio Andrade de , Silva Francisco de Assis da , Gondim Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira , Dias Mirandy dos Santos 
Published: February 2025

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita dos pedúnculos de clones de cajueiro submetidos a armazenamento refrigerado. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal do Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-CCTA/UFCG. Os tratamentos foram compostos por 5 clones de cajueiro (CCP 76, BRS 189, BRS 226, BRS 265 e BRS 253) e 2 tempos de armazenamento (0 e 7 dias após a colheita), distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5×2 com 5 repetições. Avaliou-se: massa fresca total, da castanha e do pedúnculo, diâmetro basal, apical, comprimento, coloração e firmeza do pedúnculo, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, relação sólidos solúveis e acidez total titulável, pH, vitamina C, açúcares totais, luminosidade, cromaticidade e ângulo Hue. O armazenamento não influenciou nas características físicas dos clones de cajus, mostrando-se eficiente quanto a conservação. O clone BRS 265 destacou-se com maiores valores na massa fresca total de frutos, massa da castanha, sólidos solúveis e reduziu a acidez titulável com o tempo de armazenamento. Os clones 226 e 189, obtiveram maiores índices de vitamina C, no entanto não houve variação entre o tempo de 0 e 7 dias de armazenamento.
Optimizing transurethral microwave thermotherapy: a model for studying power, blood flow, temperature variations and tissue destruction
Authors: BolmsjÖ  , Sturesson  , Wagrell  , Andersson‐Engels  , Mattiasson  
Published: July 2002

Objective To examine the role of microwave power and blood flow on temperature variations and tissue destruction in the prostate, using a theoretical model of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT), and thus compare fixed‐energy TUMT with no intraprostatic temperature monitoring (constant microwave power applied over a fixed period) with ‘feedback’ TUMT in which the microwave power is adjusted according to the monitored intraprostatic temperature.Materials and methods The temperature distribution in the prostate was modelled for a typical TUMT catheter at various blood flow rates. The volume of tissue destroyed was simultaneously calculated from cell survival data after thermal exposure. The calculated quantity of tissue destroyed at the different microwave power levels and blood flow rates was used to describe qualitatively the simulated treatments.Results Treatment monitoring and consistency were better during feedback TUMT than fixed‐energy TUMT, in that the former compensated for variations in blood flow rate. The modelled values agreed with observations during real TUMT.Conclusions Blood flow rate is a key factor in the outcome of TUMT. Only by measuring intraprostatic temperature is it possible to compensate for the large variations in prostatic blood flow and obtain consistent treatment results. Repeated interruptions prompted by high rectal temperatures should be minimized and preferably avoided, as the quantity of tissue destroyed is then greatly reduced, and in extreme cases the treatment is totally ineffective.
YBa2Cu3O7−δ infrared bolometers: Temperature-dependent responsivity and deviations from the dR/dT curve
Authors: Fardmanesh M. , Rothwarf A. , Scoles K. J. 
Published: July 2002

The phase and amplitude of the response to infrared radiation of superconducting bolometers was investigated. The detectors were fabricated with 120–550 nm Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ films on MgO, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3 substrates. A model for the response is developed and compared to the experimental results. The response versus frequency of the samples shows bolometric behavior, in agreement with the measured time dependence of the signals at low frequencies. Different techniques were developed to measure the key parameter in the response of the bolometers, G, the thermal conductance. Several anomalies were observed in the study that provide insight into heat conduction in these devices. The dc or low modulation frequency thermal conductance, G(0), of the samples is found to be limited by the substrate/cold-head thermal boundary resistance. It was also found to decrease with increasing substrate thickness, but still limited by the substrate/cold-head interface. This thickness dependence of G(0) is attributed to scattering of phonons within the substrate, that changes their transmission rate through the substrate/cold-head interface. The results from simultaneous measurements of the IR response and dR/dT (using R versus T) at low modulation frequencies (20 Hz) show that the magnitude of the response differs by up to 30% from the dR/dT curve. The discrepancy is found to be frequency dependent, increasing with decreasing modulation frequency.
This can be treated by use of temperature-dependent thermal constants (G and the heat capacity, C) in the model for the bolometric response. The discrepancy is also observed to be dependent on the superconducting transition, which suggests a possible correlation between the heat conduction through the substrate (and its interfaces) and the absorption mechanism in the superconductor. The phase of the response versus temperature shows an abrupt change at the transition. This is evidence for a change in thermal constants in the bolometer as it goes through the superconducting transition, affecting both the phase and magnitude of the response. Joule heating at even high bias currents has little effect on the response (and its deviation from the dR/dT curve) in our samples, and the effect of noise on the response is significant only at very low bias currents.
A semiclassical self-consistent-field approach to dissipative dynamics. II. Internal conversion processes
Authors: Stock Gerhard 
Published: July 2002

A semiclassical time-dependent self-consistent-field (TDSCF) formulation is developed for the description of internal conversion (IC) processes in polyatomic molecules. The total density operator is approximated by a semiclassical ansatz, which couples the electronic degrees of freedom to the nuclear degrees of freedom in a self-consistent manner, whereby the vibrational density operator is described in terms of Gaussian wave packets. The resulting TDSCF formulation represents a generalization of familiar classical-path theories, and is particularly useful to make contact to quantum-mechanical formulations. To avoid problems associated with spurious phase factors, we assume rapid randomization of the nuclear phases and a single vibrational density operator for all electronic states. Classically, the latter approximation corresponds to a single trajectory propagating along a ‘‘mean path’’ instead of several state-specific trajectories, which may become a critical assumption for the description of IC processes. The validity and the limitations of the mean-path approximation are discussed in detail, including both theoretical as well as numerical studies. It is shown that for constant diabatic coupling elements Vkk′ the mean-path approximation should be appropriate in many cases, whereas in the case of coordinate-dependent coupling Vkk′(x) the approximation is found to lead to an underestimation of the overall relaxation rate.
As a remedy for this inadequacy of the mean-path approximation, we employ dynamical corrections to the off-diagonal elements of the electronic density operator, as has been suggested by Meyer and Miller [J. Chem. Phys. 70, 3214 (1979)]. We present detailed numerical studies, adopting (i) a two-state three-mode model of the S1−S2 conical intersection in pyrazine, and (ii) a three-state five-mode and a five-state sixteen-mode model of the C̃→B̃→X̃ IC process in the benzene cation. The comparison with exact basis-set calculations for the two smaller model systems and the possible predictions for larger systems demonstrate the capability of the semiclassical model for the description of ultrafast IC processes.
Effect of rotation on turbulent mixing across a density interface
Authors: Fleury M. , Mory M. 
Published: July 2002

The effect of rotation on mixing across a density interface is studied experimentally in a two-layer stratified fluid. Mixing is caused by turbulence produced in one of the layers by an oscillating grid. The flow depends on the Richardson number Ri=g′l/u2 and the Rossby number Ro=u/2Ωl, where u, l, g′=gΔp/p, and Ω are, respectively, the local rms, velocity and integral length scale of the turbulence, the reduced gravity, and the background rotation rate. The entrainment rate E of the interface is measured as a function of Ri and Ro in two different regions of the tank, namely, in the region closest to the grid, where turbulence is weakly affected by rotation, and far from the grid, where turbulence become quasi-2D under the effect of rotation. The most important result is the observed decrease of the entrainment rate E in the presence of rotation, when compared with nonrotating experiments. A general entrainment law in the form of E=0.5 Ro Ri is established in contrast with the measured entertainment law under nonrotating conditions E=1.6 Ri−3/2. The ranges of Ri and Ro covered are 7&lt;Ri&lt;50 and 0.1&lt;Ro&lt;1.0. At low values of Ri (Ri&lt;10) and as a function of Ro, significant deviations from the law Ro Ri−1 are observed. At high values of Ri, the comparison between the results obtained under rotating and nonrotating conditions show that rotation has no effect on turbulent mixing when Ri&gt;(3.2)2Ro−2.
Interface displacement spectra provide additional information on the dynamics of the interface and the mixing process. These spectra were computed from the records of the interface position obtained using a new device based on the measurements of the traveling time of ultrasonic waves. This method gives information similar to the LIF technique used by Hannoun and List,1 except that the thickness of the interface is not determined. For nonrotating conditions, the spectra show maximum oscillations of the interface at the frequency (g′/l)1/2/2π of internal waves, in agreement with Hannoun and List.1 For higher frequencies, the spectrum decreases with increasing frequency like ω−n with 3&lt;n&lt; (11)/(3) . The results are discussed in relation to the model of Phillips2 (n=3) and the model recently proposed by Mory3 (n= (11)/(3) ). Under rotating conditions, the spectra are not modified for frequencies larger than the Coriolis frequency. Significant fluctuations are observed below the Coriolis frequency, which are related to the radiation of energy by inertial waves in the nonstirred layer.
Chaotic sedimentation of spheroidal particles in a cellular flow field
Authors: Shin H. , Maxey M. 
Published: July 2002

Chaotic mixing of Lagrangian fluid elements has been shown to be a feature of several unsteady two-dimensional flows or steady three-dimensional flows. There is also an interesting group of problems relating to the sedimentation of discrete particles, and for nonspherical particles which respond to the local flow conditions we have found the particle motion to be chaotic even in simple, steady two-dimensional flows. Specifically, we have studied the motion of rigid spheroidal particles settling under gravity in a spatially periodic, cellular flow field. The particles are small compared to the cell size and sufficiently small that their motion relative to the fluid satisfies conditions for Stokes flow. The position of the particle X(t) and the symmetry axis m are determined by (dX/dt)=u[X(t),t]+W1 (ĝ⋅m)m+W2 (ĝ−ĝ⋅mm), (dm/dt)=( (1)/(2) ω+Dm×E⋅m)×m. The flow field considered is u=(sin πx cos πy, −cos πx sin πy, 0) and ω and E are the corresponding local vorticity and rate of strain; W1 and W2 are the terminal fall speeds parallel and normal to the symmetry axis m, while ĝ is (0, 1, 0).
The ratio W2/W1, and the parameter D are set by the aspect ratio of the particle, but for the purpose of analysis may be varied separately. Previous work1 has dealt with the restricted problem of planar motion, where m3=0, and given general numerical results on settling rates and particle suspension by the flow. Clear evidence was found from the trajectories of selected particles of chaotic motion in certain parts of the flow. More recently we have investigated in more detail the transition from regular to chaotic motion in this restricted problem. Based on perturbation analysis of periodic solutions, Poincaré sections, and determination of Lyapunov exponents we conclude that regions of regular motion where particles are suspended by the flow persist but the extent of these regions is greatly reduced for increasingly nonspherical shapes. Chaotic tumbling motion occurs outside these regions, as the particle turns in response to the local vorticity and rate of strain. Interestingly, chaotic motion is found even if the particle turns only in response to the local vorticity. Besides summarizing these results for the restricted problem, we present results for the unrestricted problem of three-dimensional motion which could be used for comparison with experiments.
We find that the motion is qualitatively similar with both regular and chaotic regions.
Large- and small-scale stirring of vorticity and passive scalar in a 3-D temporal mixing layer
Authors: Lesieur Marcel , Comte Pierre 
Published: July 2002

We investigate, with the aid of a three-dimensional direct-numerical simulation at high resolution, the origin and topology of the longitudinal vortex filaments which appear in the temporally growing mixing layer. The basic velocity field is a hyperbolic-tangent profile U tanh(2y/δi), with a Reynolds number of Uδi/ν =100. The calculation uses pseudospectral methods, and is carried out at a resolution of 1283 grid points in a cubic box of size L containing four fundamental most-amplified wavelengths (L=4λa). The initial velocity field is the basic velocity, upon which is superposed a three-dimensional Gaussian perturbation of wide spectrum, peaking at ka=1/2πλa, with kinetic energy equal to 10−4U2, modulated by a Gaussian exp[−(y/δi)2] in the transverse direction. A passive-scalar transport equation is solved as well, with the same initial profile as the basic velocity profile. Isosurfaces of the passive scalar and three vorticity components are visualized, permitting the 3-D vortex structure of the flows to be revealed.
Because of the initial spanwise decorrelation of the perturbation phase, the fundamental spanwise vortices that appear have strong spanwise oscillations which are not in phase, and hence cannot be interpreted in terms of the translative instability investigated by Pierrehumbert and Widnall.1 Pairings between the primary vortices exhibit the same spanwise decorrelation, and reconnections of the billows occur. Visualizations also show the generation of thin longitudinal vortices from the regions of reconnection. The vortex lines at the same moment indicate that the thin longitudinal vortices result from an intense longitudinal stretching of the spanwise vortex line when it is severely twisted in the reconnection region. Reconnected Kelvin–Helmholtz billows give rise to a three-dimensional Λ-shaped structure of the passive scalar. This behavior is in agreement with the theory developed by Lesieur et al., where it was proposed that the large-scale three-dimensionality of the temporal mixing layer perturbed randomly was governed by two-dimensional turbulence unpredictability mechanisms. It might explain the experimental findings of Breidenthal2 and Bernal and Roshko3 concerning a spatially-growing, unforced mixing layer. Notice also that the thin longitudinal filaments forming in our calculation do not seem to be explained by the mechanism proposed by Lasheras and Choi,4 where they originate from the straining by the big rollers of a spanwise vortex filament perturbed about the stagnation line.