bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New horizons in developing cell lysis methods: A review
Authors: Danaeifar Mohsen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCell lysis is an essential step in many studies related to biology and medicine. Based on the scale and medium that cell lysis is carried out, there are three main types of the cell lysis: (1) lysis of the cells in the surrounding environment, (2) lysis of the isolated or cultured cells, and (3) single cell lysis. Conventionally, several cell lysis methods have been developed, such as freeze‐thawing, bead beating, incursion in liquid nitrogen, sonication, and enzymatic and chemical‐based approaches. In recent years, various novel technologies have been employed to develop new methods of cell lysis. The aim of studies in this field is to introduce more precise and efficient tools or to reduce the costs of cell lysis procedures. Nanostructure‐based lysis methods, acoustic oscillation, electrical current, irradiation, bacteria‐mediated cell lysis, magnetic ionic liquids, bacteriophage genes, monolith columns, hydraulic forces, and steam explosion are some examples of newly developed cell lysis methods. Besides the significant advances in this field, there are still many challenges and tools must be further improved.
An unexpected circular shunt: Novel method to treat semilunar valve insufficiency in a single ventricle patient on mechanical circulatory support
Authors: Hagel Jonathon A. , Batlivala Sarosh P. , Morales David L. S. , Shahanavaz Shabana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSevere semilunar valve insufficiency in single ventricle patients supported with mechanical circulatory support while awaiting transplant remains a complex clinical scenario with few favorable options for management. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of transcatheter closure of the pulmonic valve in a patient palliated with a hybrid stage 1 procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Iliac “paving & cracking” technique for transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Gallitto Enrico , Palmerini Tullio , Saia Francesco , Gargiulo Mauro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChallenging femoral/iliac access (CA) can lead to vascular complications which can hamper the clinical benefit of transfemoral (TF) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). In this sense, iliac artery rupture is a severe complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of TF‐TAVI managed with the “paving and cracking technique” to overcome CA.
Comparison of clinical outcomes between use of overexpanding an undersized versus nominal‐sized SAPIEN 3 ultra transcatheter heart valve in patients with borderline annulus area
Authors: Basman Craig , Kodra Arber , Pirelli Luigi , Mustafa Ahmad , Wang Denny , Li Angela , Rahming Hamfreth , Lannan Lucille , Schultz Emily , Chaudhary Richard , Arnone Paley , Liu Shangyi , Rutkin Bruce , Maniatis Gregory , Kalimi Robert , Wilson Sean , Jacob Scheinerman S. , Kliger Chad ,   Northwell TAVR Investigators
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor patients with borderline annulus areas that fall between two valve sizes, overinflating a smaller balloon‐expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) may be preferable to nominal sizing of a larger THV.ObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of nominal preparation versus over‐expanding an under‐sized SAPIEN 3 Ultra (S3U) transcatheter heart valve (OE‐THV) in cases with borderline annuli.Methods958 patients that underwent TAVR with the S3U at four high‐volume TAVR centers between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. 336 patients were identified as borderline annuli size, of which 146 (44%) received OE‐THVs and 190 (56%) received nominal‐sized THVs. The primary composite endpoint included: in‐hospital mortality, aortic injury, moderate/severe paravalvular leak (PVL), permanent pacemaker implant (PPM), stroke, or conversion to surgery.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar except for a larger percentage of females in the OE‐THV (53.42% vs. 42.11%, p = 0.04). TAVR with OE‐THV resulted a reduction in the primary composite endpoint (13.69% vs. 22.63%, p = 0.04). On subgroup analysis, there was no difference between 20 mm OE‐THV versus 23 mm nominal or 23 mm OE‐THV versus 26 mm nominal, but there was a reduction in the primary composite endpoint in patients with larger annuli that received a 26 mm OE‐THV compared to the 29 mm nominally sized THV (9.7% vs. 27.4%, p = 0.02). At 1 month and 1 year follow‐up, there was no significant difference in mortality, PVL rates, NYHA class, and/or KCCQ score.ConclusionOverinflating a smaller‐sized S3U THV may be a safer option in comparison to nominal sizing in patients with borderline annular area.
Minimalistic hybrid approach for the percutaneous treatment of chronic coronary total occlusions: An in‐depth analysis of the whole algorithm
Authors: Wilgenhof Adriaan , Vescovo Giovanni Maria , Bezzeccheri Andrea , Scott Benjamin , Vermeersch Paul , Convens Carl , Verheye Stefan , Zivelonghi Carlo , Agostoni Pierfrancesco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe minimalistic hybrid approach (MHA) is an algorithm to perform chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The current study aims to evaluate the distribution of patients among the five different treatment strategies, the different techniques used in each strategy, the overall procedural success, and the safety of the MHA algorithm.MethodsData from a consecutive series of patients with a CTO who underwent elective PCI between February 2019 and July 2021 were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three CTOPCI in 135 patients were approached according to the MHA algorithm: 134 CTO (93.7%) were successfully recanalized and 9 procedures failed. About half of the procedures (48.3%) were approached using strategy A: antegrade “blind wiring” with contralateral retrograde options, making this the most popular strategy. A total of 89 procedures (62.2%) were completed with a single guiding catheter; in 86 (96.6%) a forearm approach was used. The remaining 54 cases were performed with dual access; in the majority of these patients (90.7%), a bilateral forearm approach was used. The only reason to use the femoral access was inadequate forearm access. One hundred and fifty‐four out of 197 (78.2%) access sites were 6 French sheaths.ConclusionMHA is a stepwise approach focused on the forearm approach to reduce the number of access sites and catheter size used in CTOPCI while maintaining proficiency and safety. Operators should be warned that this approach should be adopted only by experienced CTO operators who master all the strategies of the classic hybrid algorithm and the forearm approach.
Rational Tuning of the Reactivity of Three‐Membered Heterocycle Ring Openings via SN2 Reactions
Authors: Hansen Thomas , Nin‐Hill Alba , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Hamlin Trevor A. , Rovira Carme 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of small‐molecule covalent inhibitors and probes continuously pushes the rapidly evolving field of chemical biology forward. A key element in these molecular tool compounds is the “electrophilic trap” that allows a covalent linkage with the target enzyme. The reactivity of this entity needs to be well balanced to effectively trap the desired enzyme, while not being attacked by off‐target nucleophiles. Here we investigate the intrinsic reactivity of substrates containing a class of widely used electrophilic traps, the three‐membered heterocycles with a nitrogen (aziridine), phosphorus (phosphirane), oxygen (epoxide) or sulfur atom (thiirane) as heteroatom. Using quantum chemical approaches, we studied the conformational flexibility and nucleophilic ring opening of a series of model substrates, in which these electrophilic traps are mounted on a cyclohexene scaffold (C6H10Y with Y=NH, PH, O, S). It was revealed that the activation energy of the ring opening does not necessarily follow the trend that is expected from C−Y leaving‐group bond strength, but steeply decreases from Y=NH, to PH, to O, to S. We illustrate that the HOMONu–LUMOSubstrateinteraction is an all‐important factor for the observed reactivity. In addition, we show that the activation energy of aziridines and phosphiranes can be tuned far below that of the corresponding epoxides and thiiranes by the addition of proper electron‐withdrawing ring substituents. Our results provide mechanistic insights to rationally tune the reactivity of this class of popular electrophilic traps and can guide the experimental design of covalent inhibitors and probes for enzymatic activity.
Bonding Situation of σ‐E−H Complexes in Transition Metal and Main Group Compounds
Authors: Ríos Pablo , Conejero Salvador , Fernández Israel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ambiguous bonding situation of σ‐E−H (E=Si, B) complexes in transition metal compounds has been rationalized by means of Density Functional Theory calculations. To this end, the combination of the Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) method and its Natural Orbital for Chemical Valance (NOCV) extension has been applied to representative complexes described in the literature where the possible η1versus η2coordination mode is not unambiguously defined. Our quantitative analyses, which complement previous data based on the application of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) approach, indicate that there exists a continuum between genuine η1and η2modes depending mainly on the strength of the backdonation. Finally, we also applied this EDA‐NOCV approach to related main‐group species where the backdonation is minimal.
Copper Nanocluster Enables Simultaneous Photodynamic and Chemo Therapy for Effective Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment in Vitro
Authors: Joseph Merin , Pathiripparambath Muhammed Shafeeque Rahman , Tharayil Hanas , Jayasree Ramapurath S. , Nair Lakshmi V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal‐nanocluster‐mediated cancer diagnosis and therapy has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to the unique optical and photophysical properties of metal clusters. This type of material is highly useful for the diagnosis, treatment, and further follow‐up of disease. However, a single treatment modality is not sufficient for a complete cure. The use of a multi‐therapeutic strategy is among the most promising methods for effective treatment, along with an early‐stage diagnosis. To address the multiple therapeutic modalities in a single nanomaterial, a copper nanocluster was synthesized using glutathione, having inherent singlet oxygen generation and emission at 674 nm. A tumor‐targeting agent (folic acid) and an anticancer drug (doxorubicin) was conjugated to the copper cluster for cancer diagnosis via targeted imaging and further double therapy (photodynamic and chemotherapy) in vitro. 10.5 μg (18.1 nmol) of drug conjugated copper cluster shows 56 % cell death for 30 second laser irradiation in HeLa cells. Effective cancer cell imaging and therapeutic efficacy are demonstrated in vitro.
Metachronous lesions in the orbit, retroperitoneum, and pleura of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Shiono Ayako , Imai Hisao , Satou Tsugumi , Taguchi Ryo , Takahashi Naoki , Azuma Ryuichi , Yamaguchi Ou , Hashimoto Kosuke , Naito Erika , Iemura Hidetoshi , Miura Yu , Mouri Atsuto , Kaira Kyoichi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Kagamu Hiroshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the orbit is rare, often indolent, but can recur, and spread to extra‐nodal sites. Pleural and retroperitoneum recurrences of MALT lymphoma are rare.CaseA 65‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital due to right pleural effusion and difficulty in breathing. He had a medical history of having undergone surgery for MALT lymphoma of the left orbit. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed right pleural thickness, pleural effusion, and a retroperitoneal mass, spreading from the muscular layer to the subcutaneous layer. The thickened pleural lesion was surgically biopsied and diagnosed as a recurrence of MALT lymphoma.ConclusionPleural effusion should be carefully examined and monitored for the possibility of recurrence in MALT lymphoma patients.
Consistent response for automated multilabel thoracic disease classification
Authors: Su Jiawei , Luo Zhiming , Li Shaozi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryWhile recent studies on automated multilabel chest X‐ray (CXR) images classification have shown remarkable progress in leveraging complicated network and attention mechanisms, the automated detection on chest radiographs is still challenging because the pathological patterns are usually highly diverse in their sizes and locations. The CNN model will suffer from the complicated background and high diversity of diseases, which reduce the generalization and performance of the model. To solve these problems, we propose a dual‐distribution consistency (DDC) model, which increases the consistency from two aspects, that is, feature‐level and label‐level. This model integrates two novel loss functions: multilabel response consistency (MRC) loss and distribution consistency (DC) loss. Specifically, we use the original image and its transformed image as inputs to imitate different views of CXR images. The MRC loss encourages the multilabel‐wise attention maps to be consistent between the original CXR image and its transformed counterpart. And the DC loss can force their output probability distributions to be uniform. In this manner, we can make sure that the model can learn discriminative features by using a different view of CXR images. Experiments conducted on the ChestX‐ray14 dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Performance evaluation of accessibility checker tool for educational websites
Authors: Seetha Jayaraman , Ayyadurai Maruthu 
Published: July 2022

SummaryIn recent days, Web 2.0 has become a popular tool including free digital programs which is utilized to create and share student‐created projects and products. They are cooperative, multipurpose, easier to utilize digital platforms which boost students for interacting with others or generate and share individualized response products. At the same time, web accessibility checking tools play a vital role in Web 2.0. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the performance of the accessibility checker (AChecker) tool for education and learning websites in Web 2.0. The AChecker validates HTML content for web accessibility issues by providing the location of the web page, uploading an HTML file, or pasting the whole HTML source code from a website. It generates a report of every web accessibility problem for the chosen guidelines for the known, likely, and potential problems. In addition, the AChecker tool is used to examine a set of 25 websites related to education and learning. Brief performance analysis of the AChecker tool takes place using WCAG 1.0 and WCAG 2.0 guidelines. The experimental outcome indicated that the websites are required to be improved for accessibility by everyone.
Ferrocene Chemistry
Authors: Štěpnička Petr 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFerrocene discovery has significantly influenced the development of chemistry and stimulated the rapid growth of organometallic chemistry. During the seven decades of development, ferrocene penetrated nearly all areas of chemistry and found diverse practical applications as such or in the form of various derivatives. In this Editorial, our Guest Editor gives a brief introduction of ferrocene chemistry development and the research in this collection.
C−H Activation Based Functionalization of Furfural Derivatives
Authors: Mori Alessia , Curpanen Sebastien , Pezzetta Cristofer , Perez‐Luna Alejandro , Poli Giovanni , Oble Julie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFurfural and related compounds are building blocks of industrial interest, obtained from raw biomass. Their use as precursors of basic and fine chemicals has gained increasing attention as a green alternative to petroleum‐derived compounds. Several works have reported the functionalization of furfurals to obtain a wider range of chemicals, opening up new synthetic possibilities and applications, ranging from biofuels to pharmaceuticals. Among these works, processes based on C−H activation are the most attractive ones for their atom economy and the possibility to use non‐activated substrates. This minireview summarizes the reported methods of direct C−H functionalization of furfurals without prior modification of the redox state of the aldehyde function. In particular, the transition metal catalyzed functionalization of each bond of the heteroaromatic nucleus of these molecules is systematically discussed, as well as examples of C−H transformations of the aldehyde function.
Role of Src kinase in regulating protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1
Authors: Robilotto Gabriella L. , Mohapatra Durga P. , Shepherd Andrew J. , Mickle Aaron D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1), activated by heat, acidic pH, endogenous vanilloids and capsaicin, is essential for thermal hyperalgesia. Under inflammatory conditions, phosphorylation of TRPV1 by protein kinase C (PKC) can sensitize the channel and decrease the activation threshold. Src kinase also phosphorylates TRPV1, promoting channel trafficking to the plasma membrane. These post‐translational modifications are important for several chronic pain conditions. This study presents a previously undescribed relationship between Src and PKC phosphorylation of TRPV1, influencing the thermal hypersensitivity associated with TRPV1 activation.MethodsWe assessed TRPV1 channel activity using intracellular calcium imaging and patch‐clamp electrophysiology in mouse dorsal root ganglion cultures. Additionally, we used behavioural experiments to evaluate plantar thermal sensitivity following intraplantar injections of activators of known modulators of TRPV1 with and without an Src antagonist.ResultsUsing calcium imaging and patch‐clamp techniques, we demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of Src kinase or mutation of the Src phosphorylation site on TRPV1 prevented PKC but not PKA‐mediated sensitization of TRPV1 in vitro. We found that intraplantar injection of the PKC activator phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) or bradykinin produces thermal hypersensitivity that can be attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of Src. Additionally, complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)‐induced inflammatory hypersensitivity could also be attenuated by local Src kinase inhibition.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that Src phosphorylation is critical for PKC‐mediated sensitization of TRPV1. Further, in a model of inflammatory pain, CFA, Src kinase inhibition could reduce thermal hypersensitivity. Targeting of Src kinase may have analgesic benefits in inflammatory pain conditions.SignificanceSrc kinase‐mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1 is a critical regulator of the PKC‐induced sensitization induced by multiple inflammatory mediators. This suggest a new regulatory mechanism governing TRPV1 function and a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory type pain, including cancer pain where Src antagonists are currently utilized.
Magnetically recoverable steel slag/TiO2 visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst for paraquat degradation
Authors: Moslemzadeh Mehrdad , Salehfar Hanyieh , Ghanbari Farshid , Aghayani Ehsan , Mahdavianpour Mostafa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParaquat is a bipyridylium herbicide with high solubility in water, which is widely used for aquatic weed control. The purposes of the present study were to introduce a navel TiO2‐based photocatalyst (SCS@Fe‐TiO2) and investigate its performance in paraquat degradation from aqueous solution under visible light. The response surface methodology (RSM) method was used to optimize pH, catalyst dose, initial concentration of paraquat, and irradiation intensity in the photocatalytic process. The characterization results of the photocatalyst revealed that coating Fe‐TiO2 onto the SCS has improved its photo‐degradation properties. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) results showed that not only doping TiO2 by Fe but also coating Fe‐TiO2 onto the SCS makes a reduction in the bandgap and electron–hole recombination. Totally, the performance of the photocatalytic process was high (90%–99%) and the effect of the parameters studied on the process was significant (p‐value <0.05). The concentration of paraquat and irradiation intensity variables had linear relationships, so increasing the concentration of paraquat reduced the efficiency but the light intensity had the opposite effect. On the other hand, pH and photocatalyst mass had optimum values of 7 and 0.7 g, respectively, so they were the most important variables. and h+ played a crucial role in the photo‐degradation of paraquat by SCS@Fe‐TiO2. SCS@Fe‐TiO2 exhibited excellent photocatalytic reactivity for paraquat over 10 cycles. Finally, the SCS@Fe‐TiO2 would be a promising photocatalyst for the photo‐degradation of paraquat from aqueous solutions under visible light.
Statistical optimization of pretreatment of municipal solid waste by response surface methodology for fermentable sugar production
Authors: Zahara Nayab , Jalees Muhammad Irfan , Farooq Muhammad Umar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research aims to use low‐cost and easily available chemicals for chemical pretreatment to achieve a high yield of fermentable sugars using biodegradable municipal solid waste as a substrate. Biodegradable municipal solid waste was pretreated with locally available toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) and washing detergent (basic in nature) and to achieve maximum yield of reducing sugars, two variables; chemical concentration and time were selected for optimization using a central composite design. In Central composite design 13 runs for toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) and washing detergent (basic in nature) pretreatment models were created while ranges for two variables were selected as 1, 2, 3 days for time and 1%, 3%, 5% for chemical concentration. In the toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) pretreatment, optimum conditions were 5% (vol/vol) of toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) for 3 days. At optimal conditions, the model for toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) pretreatment released 167.755 g/L of reducing sugars and 2.684 MJ/L energy while the model for washing detergent (basic in nature) pretreatment released 159.141 g/L of reducing sugars and 2.546 MJ/L energy. An enzyme cocktail hydrolyzed the toilet cleaner (acidic in nature) pretreated sample, and the highest value of fermentable sugar was achieved at 36 h of 237.83 ± 11.028 g/L. Thus, the chemical pretreatment using toilet cleaner and washing detergent has a great potential for fermentable sugar production and effectively be used in industrial and household digesters for the conversion of waste into useful products.