bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Emission, Voluntary Carbon Disclosure and Firm Value
Authors: Sun Zhao-Yong , Wang Shu-Ning , Li Dongdong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Voluntary carbon disclosure information reflects the company's initiative to undertake social responsibility. More and more companies take voluntary carbon disclosure information action. This study investigate the effect of voluntary carbon disclosure information, carbon emissions on company value, applying listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 (CSI 300) Index. The results indicate that the increase in carbon dioxide emissions has a negative impact on corporate value.Whereas, the action that companies choose to disclose carbon emissions have a positive impact on corporate value. In addition, we apply Pribit model to predict the probility of voluntary carbon disclosure information. We can conclude that green finance has had an effect on the reduction of corporate carbon emissions. The increase in the company's value reduce the company's carbon emissions.
Isochronous sets in smooth and non-smooth mechanical oscillators
Authors: Rounak Aasifa , Gupta Sayan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This work aims at characterizing the patterns of iso-phases of periodic and noisy oscillations of smooth and non-smooth dynamical systems in the phase space. The values of asymptotic phases reached starting from various initial conditions form patterns in the basins of attraction in the phase space. Even though the phase of system's oscillations turn out to be functions of the phase of forcing for externally excited systems, for higher periodic oscillations some patterns or foliations within their basins are seen. For periodic oscillations, isophases coincide with the isochrons. For irregular oscillations, a notion of regularity of oscillations has been introduced and the sensitivity of the system to external forcing has been computed. For stable periodic oscillations of autonomous kind, in the presence of noise the extent of phase diffusion is observed to be orders higher than the diffusion in amplitude. For noisy forced oscillations, the phase is locked onto the deterministic phase with marginal dislocations within a limit ε dependent on the intensity of noise. This work deals with the above notions of iso-phases in the context of a Van der Pol and an autonomous stick-slip belt friction oscillator.
Impacts of space mutation and endophyte on the drought and salt stress tolerance of perennial ryegrass
Authors: Luo Yang , Tian Pei , Ma Bihua , Chen Zhenjiang , Li Chunjie , Nan Zhibiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aims This study revealed whether endophyte or space mutation have effects on the resistance of perennial ryegrass to drought and salt stress and whether space mutation have impacts on endophyte function. Methods Growth performance, phytohormone contents, stoichiometry of C, N and P, and Na+ and K+ ion transport of endophyte-infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E-) plants, including space mutation and wild type plants, were evaluated under four different treatments (control, drought, salt, and drought combined with salt stress).Results The results showed that stress treatments significantly inhibited (P<0.05) the growth of perennial ryegrass and significantly changed (P<0.05) SA contents, significantly increased (P<0.05) ion transport from underground to aboveground and changed stoichiometry of C, N and P. Endophytes only significantly improved (P<0.05) host growth in wild type plants, and had different effects on CTK, GA and SA contents. Endophytes had little effects on regulating the rational distribution of ions and stoichiometry of C, N and P in both mutant and wild type plants, and its role was inconsistent. Space mutation significantly improved (P<0.05) host growth under some stress, significantly reduced (P<0.05) IAA, ABA, GA and SA contents, Na+/ K+ had different effects on stoichiometry of C, N and P which depends on treatments.Conclusions Plants regulate stoichiometry of C, N and P and ion transport in response to environmental changes. Either endophyte and space mutation had beneficial effects on the stress tolerance of plant only under some treatments. Space mutation did not affect endophyte function.
GRAP2 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Song Shimao , Deng Xinzhou , Wang Jincheng , Han Jiahui , Peng Zhen , Lu Ying , Jiang Shan , Shi Mingliang , Yan Yutao , Luo Zhiguo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: GRAP2 is an adaptor protein involved in leukocyte signal activation; however, the prognostic value of GRAP2 and its correlation with immune cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear.Methods: Original data were downloaded from the TCGA database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GRAP2 expression was analyzed with the TCGA and TIMER databases. We evaluated the influence of GRAP2 on clinical prognosis using the Kaplan-Meier plotter, GEO database and GEPIA database. TIMER and TISIDB databases were used to investigate correlations between GRAP2 expression and cancer immune characteristics. Finally, we confirmed the expression of GRAP2 in LUAD by immunohistochemistry staining.Results: Transcription levels of GRAP2 were significantly lower in several human cancers, including LUAD, than in adjacent normal tissues. We also found that tumor tissues have lower protein expression levels of GRAP2 compared with adjacent normal tissues in LUAD by immunohistochemistry staining. The down-regulated GRAP2 was associated with poorer overall survival, pathologic stage, T stage, N stage and primary therapy outcome in LUAD. Mechanically, we found a hub gene set that included a total of 91 genes co-expressed with GRAP2, which were closely related to immune response in LUAD. Expression levels of GRAP2 were positively correlated with infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, eosinophils, macrophages, mast cells, Th2 cells, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, NK cells and neutrophils. GRAP2 expression levels also affected the cumulative survival time of B cells and dendritic cells. GRAP2 expression is positively correlated with multiple immune markers, chemokines, chemokine receptors and MHC molecules of LUAD.Conclusions: These findings suggest that GRAP2 is a tumor suppressor gene and can be used as a prognostic biomarker for assessing prognosis and immune infiltration level in LUAD.
The Ratio of Free Fatty Acids (FFAs) Divided by High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) is A Promising Pre-Treatment Biomarker for Predicting Worse Overall Survival (OS) of Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs) in the Colorectum: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhu Bin , Wu Dan , Yang Yuanyuan , Yu Pingli , Huang Haobo , Cai Haiyan , Cao Yingping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
free fatty acids (FFAs) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were associated with various malignancy. However, whether FFA, HDL-C and FFA/HDL-C can play a potiential role in predicting patients’ overall survival (OS) with colorectal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) was unclear. Meanwhile, FFA/HDL-C has a superior prognosis ability was unknown, too. And our study aimed to better elucidate their influence on clinical outcomes.
Methods
One hundred patients with pathologically diagnosed colorectal NETs in 2011-2017 were enrolled, and the levels of FFA, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) between colorectal NET patients and healthy controls matched by age and sex were compared. In addition, the association of clinicopathological characteristics and follow-up data with FFA, HDL-C and FFA/HDL-C was analysed.
Results
FFA was overexpressed (0.55±0.23 vs. 0.48±0.11, P= 0.006), and HDL-C was underexpressed (1.31±0.41 vs. 1.41±0.29, P=0.046) in colorectal NETs. FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L predicted lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P=0.015), HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L predicted tumour size ≥2 cm (P=0.017), and FFA/HDL-C>0.75 predicted tumour grade (P=0.030), LNM (P=0.014), and tumour size(P=0.018). No significant association was found between FFA and tumour grade (P=0.613) or HDL-C and tumour grade (P=0.594) or FFA and tumour size (P=0.142) or HDL-C and LNM (P=0.443). FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L (P=0.014) and HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L predicted worse overall survival (OS) (P=0.019). FFA/HDL-C predicted an even worse prognosis in terms of OS (P<0.001).
Conclusion
FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L and FFA/HDL-C>0.75 were promising cut-off values in predicting LNM, tumour size and worse OS in colorectal NETs.
Sperm Chromatin Abnormalities and DNA Damage Predict Assisted Reproductive Outcome
Authors: Bibi Riffat , Jehan Sarwat , Razak Suhail , Hammadeh Professor Mohammad Eid , Amor Houda 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sperm chromatin quality and DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa on assisted conception outcomes. Patients with male factor infertility (MFI) were grouped into normozoospermic (N), severe male factor (SMF), and mild male factor (MMF) infertility. DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in spermatozoa was analyzed by sperms chromatin dispersion (SCD), sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), Acridine Orange testing (AOT), chromatin maturation (CM) including CMA3 to measure protamination and Toluidine Blue (TB) to measure chromatin condensation. DFI measured by SCD, SCSA, and AOT while CM checked through protamination chromomycin A3 (CMA3) and chromatin condensation TB, were significantly lower in N compared with infertile groups (MMF and SMF). Embryo aneuploidy was significantly higher in male factor infertile groups (MMF and SMF) compared to N. A positive correlation was observed between fertilization rate (FR) and live birth rate (LBR) with sperm count, motility, vitality, and negative correlation between sperm morphology, sperm DFI, (SCD, SCSA, and AO) sperm CMI (CMA3 and TB). No correlation was observed between embryo aneuploidy and sperm DFI and CMI. Spermatozoa DFI and CMI are associated with low fertilization and live birth rate. The couples undergoing invitro-fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) with male factor infertility; including impaired semen parameters, sperm DNA and chromatin quality could be regarded in the future as an indication and prediction of assisted reproduction techniques (ART), its success.
Modification Effects of Ambient Temperature on Ozone-Mortality Relationships in Chengdu, China
Authors: Zhang Ying , Tian Qiqi , Feng Xinyuan , Hu Wendong , Ma Pan , Xin Jinyuan , Wang Shigong , Zheng Canjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A multitude of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that both ambient temperatures and air pollution are closely related to health outcomes. However, whether temperature has modification effects on the association between ozone and health outcomes is still debated. In this study, Three parallel time-series Poisson generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to examine the effects of modifying ambient temperatures on the association between ozone and mortality (including non-accidental, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality) in Chengdu, China, from 2014 to 2016. The results confirmed that the ambient high temperatures strongly amplified the adverse effects of ozone on human mortality; specifically, the ozone effects were most pronounced at >28°C. Without temperature stratification conditions, a 10-µg/m3 increase in the maximum 8-hour average ozone (O3−8hmax) level at lag01 was associated with increases of 0.40% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15%, 0.65%), 0.61% (95%CI: 0.27%, 0.95%) and 0.69% (95%CI: 0.34%, 1.04%) in non-accidental, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. On days during which the temperature exceeded 28°C, a 10-µg/m3 increase in O3−8hmax led to increases of 2.22% (95%CI: 1.21%, 3.23%), 2.67% (95%CI: 0.57%, 4.76%), and 4.13% (95%CI: 2.34%, 5.92%) in non-accidental, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Our findings validated that high temperature could further aggravate the health risks of O3−8hmax, thus mitigating ozone exposure will be brought into the limelight especially under the context of changing climate.
Evaluation of association studies and a systematic review and meta-analysis of XRCC1 polymorphisms in breast cancer risk
Authors: Zhao Lin , Yin Xiang-xiongyi , Qin Jun , Ye Xiang-Hua , Zhou Yan , Wang Wei , He Xiao-feng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the association between XRCC1 Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln polymorphisms and breast cancer (BC) risk, fifteen previous meta-analyses and large amounts of original articles had been published but drew conflicting conclusions. Because of lacking credibility analysis, the positive results of the previous meta-analyses were quite suspicious.
Objectives
We performed an updated meta-analysis to solve the controversy in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).
Methods
All results of the current meta-analysis were evaluated comprehensively based on concerning credibility.
Results
With 74 studies including 31,166 cases and 34,669 controls, XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism significantly increased BC risk in overall and subgroups (Asians, Indians, Africa, Asia and North America), and it was again demonstrated in Asians and Asia by further sensitivity analyses. As 45 studies with 17,239 cases and 19,026 controls pooled to explore the role of Arg194Trp polymorphism in BC risk, no significant results were found in overall and any ethnicity and geographic region, and there was a decreased BC risk in post-menopausal and an increased BC risk in pre-menopausal. The Arg280His polymorphism analyses, involving 18 studies with 9,571 cases and 10,108 controls, did not find an association with BC risk in overall and any ethnicity and region, but an increased BC risk was found in overall and Asians living in Asia in sensitivity analyses. However, all significant results were taken for less credible after we comprehensively analyzed with heterogeneity characteristics, the quality of involved studies and Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) to evaluate the credibility of significant results.
Conclusion
The issue about false-positive results should be taken seriously and more high-quality original studies still have plenty of value to be significantly developed.
Automatic definition of tool life under heavy roughing five-axis milling process in production environment
Authors: Lacerda Rafael Segantin , Diniz Anselmo Eduardo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The process of transformation and development of our planet has accelerated much more sharply than in previous years. This fact is fully noticeable in our daily routine, in which the digital media and social networks bring an immense amount of information every minute. Being more specific with focus in the manufacturing process and talking about milling, which is a very important machining process for many industry fields, several studies were carried out mainly during the 80’s and 90’s, seeking to establish criteria for the end of tool life, as well, methods that could indicate the ideal time for tool change in real production. Nevertheless, according to an extensive literature review based on publications in manufacturing technology journals, university research and benchmarks with industry developments, it was not possible to find out publications that confirms the usage of automatic definition for the end of tool life under heavy roughing five-axis milling in a production environment. Based on this context, the relevance, originality and contribution of the present work for the scientific community is grounded in developing an automatic tool change process completely independent of the cutting parameters inside a production environment, that can be replicate for many other machining operations by using state of art technologies (Industry 4.0 - The Digital Age), in order to take out of the machine operator's hands the important decision to establish the end of tool life. Aiming this goal, several rough milling experiments were conducted in a real production of hydraulic turbines. The main conclusion was that, in rough milling process, where the admissible flank wear is very high, both, the power consumption of the machine and the cutting temperature at the end of tool life are independent of the cutting conditions (vc and fz) and, consequently, a specific value of power and temperature can be established to determine tool life end.
Apigenin attenuates molecular, biochemical, and histopathological changes associated with renal impairments induced by gentamicin exposure in rats
Authors: ‎ Manal M. Hussein , Althagafi Hussam A. , Alharthi Fahad , Albrakati Ashraf , Alsharif Khalaf F. , Theyab Abdulrahman , Kassab Rami B. , Mufti Ahmad H. , Algahtani Mohammad , Oyouni Atif Abdulwahab A. , Baty Roua S. , Moneim Ahmed E. Abdel , Lokman Maha S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. However, its application is accompanied by renal impairments. Apigenin is a flavonoid found in many edible plants with potent therapeutic values. This study was designed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of apigenin on GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Animals were injected orally with three different doses of apigenin (5, 10 and 20 mg kg-1 day-1). Apigenin administration abolished the alterations in the kidney index and serum levels of kidney-specific functions markers, namely blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, and KIM-1, NGAL, and cystatin C following GM exposure. Additionally, apigenin increased levels of enzymatic (glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase), and non-enzymatic antioxidant proteins (reduced glutathione) and decreased levels of lipid peroxide, nitric oxide, and downregulated nitric oxide synthase-2 in the kidney tissue following GM administration. At the molecular scope, apigenin administration was found to upregulate the mRNA expression of Nfe2l2 and Hmox1 in the kidney tissue. Moreover, apigenin administration suppressed renal inflammation and apoptosis by decreasing levels of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa-B, Bax, and caspase-3, while increasing B-cell lymphoma-2 compared with those in GM- administered group. The recorded data suggests that apigenin treatment could be used to alleviate renal impairments associated with GM administration.
Analysis of the Risk Factors for Intraoperative Acute Diffuse Brain Swelling in Patients With Isolated Traumatic Acute Subdural Haematomas
Authors: Wu Ruhong , Liu Chunbo , Ma Tao , Jia Geng , Qin Huaping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic acute subdural haematomas (ASDH).Methods: A total of 256 patients who underwent decompressive craniotomy for isolated traumatic ASDH between April 2013 and December 2020 were included. We evaluated the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling using a multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: The incidence of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH was 21.88% (56/256). Dilated pupils (OR=24.78), subarachnoid haemorrhage (OR=2.41), and the time from injury to surgery (OR=0.32) were independent predictors of the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling, while no independent associations were observed between the risk factors and sex, age, the Glasgow Coma Scale score, site of haematoma, thickness of haematoma, midline shift and the status of the basal cistern, although the Glasgow Coma Scale score and the status of the basal cistern were correlated with the incidence of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in the univariate analyses.Conclusions: This study identified the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH. An increased risk of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling occurs in patients with bilaterally dilated pupils, subarachnoid haemorrhage and a shorter time from injury to surgery. These findings should help neurosurgeons obtain information before surgery about the intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH.
The Role of CPT1A as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer Progression – A Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Das Mitali , Giannoudis Athina , Sharma Vijay 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy of women and with its incidence on the rise, the need to identify new targets for treatment is imperative. There is a growing interest in the role of lipid metabolism in cancer. Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT-1); the rate limiting step in fatty acid oxidation, has been shown to be overexpressed in a range of tumours. There are 3 isoforms of CPT-1; A, B and C. It is CPT-1A that has been shown to be the predominant isoform which is overexpressed in breast cancer.
Methods
We performed a bioinformatic analysis using readily available online platforms to establish the prognostic and predictive effects related to CPT-1A expression. These include the KM plotter tool, the Human Protein Atlas, the cBioPortal tool, the G2O tools, the MethSurv tool, the ROC plotter tool. A Network analysis was performed using the Oncomine platform and the gene concepts for the cancer hallmarks, including immune regulation, were based on the NanoString concepts. The gene concepts for the epigenetic pathways were obtained from the EpiFactor website. Spearman correlations (r) to determine the relationship between CPT-1A and the immune response were obtained using the TISIDB portal.
Results
Overexpression of CPT-1A largely confers a worse prognosis and that CPT-1A progressively recruits a range of pathways as breast cancer progresses. The scope of this gene’s interactions with cancer pathways is far wider than previously realised and includes associations with epigenetic regulation and immune evasion pathways, as well as wild-type moderate to high penetrant genes involved in hereditary breast cancer. CPT-1A genomic alterations are detected in 9% of breast carcinomas and both the alteration and the metagene associated with it, confers a poor prognosis.
Conclusions
CPT-1A expression can be utilised as a biomarker of disease progression and as a potential therapeutic target.
Anaerobic Digestion Process - A Computational Tool to Estimate the Digester Volume and Biogas.
Authors: Bhave Prashant , Patil Pankaj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The anaerobic digestion process results in the formation of biogas, which serves as a renewable source of energy. Different types of feedstocks produce varying amounts of biogas. Many models have been programmed for the estimation of the volume of biogas produced during anaerobic digestion. This study develops a computational tool for the estimation of the volume of the anaerobic digester and the volume of the biogas produced. The computational tool utilizes three inputs, namely Retention time, daily feed, and type of feedstock, for the estimation. The estimation of biogas of this tool was compared to the model from the design procedures as provided in the literature. An overall gap of 10% (in the prediction of the biogas production) was shaved off from two of the three reported values of the case studies. The estimation of the volume of the digester (for the same case studies) was observed to be within ±10% of the reported values. These outputs can be critical for the evaluation of an anaerobic digestion plant as early as in the planning phase.