bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disc tearing leads to low and high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in a GRMHD simulation of a thin accretion disc
Authors: Musoke G , Liska M , Porth O , van der Klis Michiel , Ingram Adam 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) display a wide range of variability phenomena, from long duration spectral state changes to short-term broad-band variability and quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). A particularly puzzling aspect is the production of QPOs, which – if properly understood – could be used as a powerful diagnostic tool of black hole accretion and evolution. In this work, we analyse a high-resolution 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a geometrically thin accretion disc, which is tilted by 65° with respect to the black hole spin axis. We find that the Lense–Thirring torque from the rapidly spinning 10 M⊙ black hole causes several sub-discs to tear off within ∼10–20 gravitational radii. Tearing occurs in cycles on time-scales of seconds. During each tearing cycle, the inner sub-disc precesses for 1–5 periods before it falls into the black hole. We find a precession frequency of $\sim 3\rm Hz$, consistent with observed low-frequency QPOs. In addition, we find a high frequency QPO (HFQPO) with centroid frequency of ∼55 Hz in the power spectra of the mass-weighted radius of the inner disc and the radial mass flux. This signal is caused by radial epicyclic oscillations of a dense ring of gas at the tearing radius, which suggests a corresponding modulation of the X-ray light curve and may thus explain some of the observed HFQPOs.
The complex organic molecular content in the L1517B starless core
Authors: Megías A , Jiménez-Serra I , Martín-Pintado J , Vasyunin A I , Spezzano S , Caselli P , Cosentino G , Viti S 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent observations of the pre-stellar core L1544 and the younger starless core L1498 have revealed that complex organic molecules (COMs) are enhanced in the gas phase towards their outer and intermediate-density shells. Our goal is to determine the level of chemical complexity towards the starless core L1517B, which seems younger than L1498, and compare it with the other two previously studied cores to see if there is a chemical evolution within the cores. We have carried out 3 mm high-sensitivity observations towards two positions in the L1517B starless core: the core’s centre and the position where the methanol emission peaks (at a distance of ∼5000 au from the core’s centre). Our observations reveal that a lower number of COMs and COM precursors are detected in L1517B with respect to L1498 and L1544, and also show lower abundances. Besides methanol, we only detected CH3O, H2CCO, CH3CHO, CH3CN, CH3NC, HCCCN, and HCCNC. Their measured abundances are ∼3 times larger towards the methanol peak than towards the core’s centre, mimicking the behaviour found towards the more evolved cores L1544 and L1498. We propose that the differences in the chemical complexity observed between the three studied starless cores are a consequence of their evolution, with L1517B being the less evolved one, followed by L1498 and L1544. Chemical complexity in these cores seems to increase over time, with N-bearing molecules forming first and O-bearing COMs forming at a later stage as a result of the catastrophic depletion of CO.
The interaction of supernova 2018evt with a substantial amount of circumstellar matter – An SN 1997cy-like event
Authors: Yang Yi , Baade Dietrich , Hoeflich Peter , Wang Lifan , Cikota Aleksandar , Chen Ting-Wan , Burke Jamison , Hiramatsu Daichi , Pellegrino Craig , Howell D Andrew , McCully Curtis , Valenti Stefano , Schulze Steve , Gal-Yam Avishay , Wang Lingzhi , Filippenko Alexei V , Maeda Keiichi , Bulla Mattia , Yao Yuhan , Maund Justyn R , Patat Ferdinando , Spyromilio Jason , Wheeler J Craig , Rau Arne , Hu Lei , Li Wenxiong , Andrews Jennifer E , Galbany Llúis , Sand David J , Shahbandeh Melissa , Hsiao Eric Y , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
A rare class of supernovae (SNe) is characterized by strong interaction between the ejecta and several solar masses of circumstellar matter (CSM) as evidenced by strong Balmer-line emission. Within the first few weeks after the explosion, they may display spectral features similar to overluminous Type Ia SNe, while at later phase their observation properties exhibit remarkable similarities with some extreme case of Type IIn SNe that show strong Balmer lines years after the explosion. We present polarimetric observations of SN 2018evt obtained by the ESO Very Large Telescope from 172 to 219 d after the estimated time of peak luminosity to study the geometry of the CSM. The non-zero continuum polarization decreases over time, suggesting that the mass-loss of the progenitor star is aspherical. The prominent H α emission can be decomposed into a broad, time-evolving component and an intermediate-width, static component. The former shows polarized signals, and it is likely to arise from a cold dense shell (CDS) within the region between the forward and reverse shocks. The latter is significantly unpolarized, and it is likely to arise from shocked, fragmented gas clouds in the H-rich CSM. We infer that SN 2018evt exploded inside a massive and aspherical circumstellar cloud. The symmetry axes of the CSM and the SN appear to be similar. SN 2018evt shows observational properties common to events that display strong interaction between the ejecta and CSM, implying that they share similar circumstellar configurations. Our preliminary estimate also suggests that the circumstellar environment of SN 2018evt has been significantly enriched at a rate of ∼0.1 M⊙ yr−1 over a period of &gt;100 yr.
The SPHERE view of three interacting twin disc systems in polarized light
Authors: Weber Philipp , Pérez Sebastián , Guidi Greta , Kurtovic Nicolás T , Zurlo Alice , Garufi Antonio , Pinilla Paola , Mayama Satoshi , van Holstein Rob G , Dullemond Cornelis P , Cuello Nicolás , Principe David , Cieza Lucas , González-Ruilova Camilo , Girard Julien 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Dense stellar environments as hosts of ongoing star formation increase the probability of gravitational encounters among stellar systems during the early stages of evolution. Stellar interaction may occur through non-recurring, hyperbolic, or parabolic passages (a so-called ‘fly-by’), through secular binary evolution, or through binary capture. In all three scenarios, the strong gravitational perturbation is expected to manifest itself in the disc structures around the individual stars. Here, we present near-infrared polarized light observations that were taken with the SPHERE/IRDIS instrument of three known interacting twin-disc systems: AS 205, EM* SR 24, and FU Orionis. The scattered light exposes spirals likely caused by the gravitational interaction. On a larger scale, we observe connecting filaments between the stars. We analyse their very complex polarized intensity and put particular attention to the presence of multiple light sources in these systems. The local angle of linear polarization indicates the source whose light dominates the scattering process from the bridging region between the two stars. Further, we show that the polarized intensity from scattering with multiple relevant light sources results from an incoherent summation of the individuals’ contribution. This can produce nulls of polarized intensity in an image, as potentially observed in AS 205. We discuss the geometry and content of the systems by comparing the polarized light observations with other data at similar resolution, namely with ALMA continuum and gas emission. Collective observational data can constrain the systems’ geometry and stellar trajectories, with the important potential to differentiate between dynamical scenarios of stellar interaction.
Limiting the accretion disc light in two mass transferring hot subdwarf binaries
Authors: Deshmukh Kunal , Kupfer Thomas , Hakala Pasi , Bauer Evan B , Berdyugin Andrei , Bildsten Lars , Marsh Thomas R , Mereghetti Sandro , Piirola Vilppu 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the results from follow-up observations of two Roche-lobe filling hot subdwarf binaries with white dwarf companions predicted to have accretion discs. ZTF J213056.71+442046.5 (ZTF J2130) with a 39-min period and ZTF J205515.98+465106.5 (ZTF J2055) with a 56-min period were both discovered as subdwarf binaries with light curves that could only be explained well by including an accretion disc in their models. We performed a detailed high-resolution spectral analysis, using Keck/ESI to search for possible accretion features for both objects. We also employed polarimetric analysis using the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) for ZTF J2130. We did not find any signatures of an accretion disc in either object, and placed upper limits on the flux contribution and variation in degree of polarization due to the disc. Owing to the short 39-min period and availability of photometric data over 6 yr for ZTF J2130, we conducted an extensive O − C timing analysis in an attempt to look for orbital decay due to gravitational wave radiation. No such decay was detected conclusively, and a few more years of data paired with precise and consistent timing measurements were deemed necessary to constrain $\dot{P}$ observationally.
TESS light curves of cataclysmic variables – II – Superhumps in old novae and novalike variables
Authors: Bruch Albert 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Superhumps are among the abundant variable phenomena observed in the light curves of cataclysmic variables (CVs). They come in two flavours as positive and negative superhumps, distinguished by periods slightly longer or shorter, respectively, than the orbital periods of these interacting binary systems. Positive superhumps are ubiquitous in superoutbursting short-period dwarf novae of the SU UMa type but are less common in longer period systems with accretion discs in a permanent bright state, such as novalike variables and most old novae. Negative superhumps do not seem to have a preference for a particular type of CV. Here, I take advantage of the long high-cadence light curves provided by TESS for huge number of stars, selecting all old novae and novalike variables with past reported superhumps for which TESSlight curves are available and have not yet been analysed in previous publications in order to study their superhump behaviour. In combination with information taken from the literature, the results enable to compile the most complete census of superhumps in these stars so far. As a corollary, for the eclipsing systems in the present sample of objects, eclipse epochs derived from the TESS light curves and in some cases from archival light curves are listed and used to update orbital ephemeris and to discuss period changes.
Dark matter halo cores and the tidal survival of Milky Way satellites
Authors: Errani Raphaël , Navarro Julio F , Peñarrubia Jorge , Famaey Benoit , Ibata Rodrigo 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The cuspy central density profiles of cold dark matter (CDM) haloes make them highly resilient to disruption by tides. Self-interactions between dark matter particles, or the cycling of baryons, may result in the formation of a constant-density core that would make haloes more susceptible to tidal disruption. We use N-body simulations to study the evolution of Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW)-like ‘cored’ subhaloes in the tidal field of a massive host, and identify the criteria and time-scales for full disruption. Our results imply that the survival of Milky Way satellites places constraints on the sizes of dark matter cores. We find that no subhaloes with cores larger than 1 per cent of their initial NFW scale radius can survive for a Hubble time on orbits with pericentres ${\lesssim} 10\, \mathrm{kpc}$. A satellite like Tucana 3, with pericentre ${\sim} 3.5\, \mathrm{kpc}$, must have a core size smaller than ${\sim} 2\, \mathrm{pc}$ to survive just three orbital periods on its current orbit. The core sizes expected in self-interacting dark matter models with a velocity-independent cross-section of $1\, \mathrm{cm^2}\,\mathrm{g}^{-1}$ seem incompatible with ultrafaint satellites with small pericentric radii, such as Tuc 3, Seg 1, Seg 2, Ret 2, Tri 2, and Wil 1, as these should have fully disrupted if accreted on to the Milky Way ${\gtrsim} 10\, \mathrm{Gyr}$ ago. These results suggest that many satellites have vanishingly small core sizes, consistent with CDM cusps. The discovery of further Milky Way satellites on orbits with small pericentric radii would strengthen these conclusions and allow for stricter upper limits on the core sizes.
High Co-circulation of Influenza and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Kubale John T , Frutos Aaron M , Balmaseda Angel , Cerpas Cristhiam , Saborio Saira , Ojeda Sergio , Barilla Carlos , Sanchez Nery , Vasquez Gerald , Moreira Hanny , Shotwell Abigail , Meyers Alyssa , Lopez Roger , Plazaola Miguel , Kuan Guillermina , Gordon Aubree 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the first 2 years of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, influenza transmission decreased substantially worldwide, meaning that health systems were not faced with simultaneous respiratory epidemics. In 2022, however, substantial influenza transmission returned to Nicaragua where it co-circulated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, causing substantial disease burden.
Dose-risk relationships between cigarette smoking and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Malevolti Maria Chiara , Lugo Alessandra , Scala Marco , Gallus Silvano , Gorini Giuseppe , Lachi Alessio , Carreras Giulia 
Published: November 2022

Objective
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequent cancer worldwide. Cigarette smoking has been shown to influence CC risk in conjunction with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The aim of this study is to provide the most accurate and updated estimate of this association and its dose-response relationship.

Methods
Using an innovative approach for the identification of original publications, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published up to January 2021. Random effects models were used to provide pooled relative risks (RRs) of CC for smoking status. Dose-response relationships were evaluated using one-stage random effects models with linear or restricted cubic splines models.

Results
We included 109 studies providing a pooled RR of invasive CC and preinvasive lesions, respectively, of 1.70 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.53–1.88] and 2.11 (95% CI, 1.85–2.39) for current versus never smokers, and, respectively, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.02–1.24) and 1.29 (95% CI, 1.15–1.46) for former versus never smokers. Considering HPV does not alter the positive association or its magnitude. Risks of CC sharply increased with few cigarettes (for 10 cigarettes/day, RR = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.34–2.20 for invasive CC and RR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.86–2.44 for precancerous lesions). The risk of CC increased with pack-years and smoking duration and decreased linearly with time since quitting, reaching that of never smokers about 15 years after quitting.

Conclusion
This comprehensive review and meta-analysis confirmed the association of smoking with CC, independently from HPV infection. Such association rose sharply with smoking intensity and decreased after smoking cessation.
All Aortic Valve Diseases Taken Together Are Not Associated With Obesity
Authors: Haseefa Fathima , Movahed Mohammad Reza , Dahak Sabrina , Hashemzadeh Mehrtash , Hashemzadeh Mehrnoosh 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study was to evaluate any association between aortic valve disease and obesity using a very large database.

Methods:
The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was utilized for statistical analysis using ICD-9 codes for aortic valve disease and obesity in the United States from 2003 to 2007. A 25% random sample of nonobese patients was used for comparison of aortic valve disease prevalence during the same 5-year period.

Results:
A total of 1,971,812 patients with obesity were identified from 2003 to 2007. Comparing this population with a random sample of nonobese patients during the same years, there was no significant difference between obese and nonobese patients in regards to the prevalence of aortic valve disease (1.1–1.2% in 2003 and 2004, 1.2% in 2005–2007, P = NS). After adjusting for age, gender, and race, obesity was associated with lower prevalence of aortic valve disease in 2003–2007 (odds ratio 0.81–0.86, P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Using a very large database, we found a decrease in the prevalence of aortic valve disease in the obese population. This suggests that obesity alone does not pathologically affect the aortic valve.
Clinical Validation of a Smartphone-based Handheld ECG Device: A Validation Study
Authors: Ahmadi-Renani Sajjad , Gharebaghi Milad , Kamalian Erfan , Hajghassem Hassan , Ghanbari Abolfazl , Karimi Alireza , Mansoury Bahman , Dayari Mohammad Saeed , Khatmi Nemati Mahdi , Karimi Armin , Zarghami Mohammad Hosein , Vasheghani-Farahani Ali 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Remote cardiac monitoring and screening have already become an integral telemedicine component. The wide usage of several different wireless electrocardiography (ECG) devices warrants a validation study on their accuracy and reliability.

Methods:
Totally, 300 inpatients with the Nabz Hooshmand-1 handheld ECG device and the GE MAC 1200 ECG system (as the reference) were studied to check the accuracy of the devices in 1 and 6-limb lead performance. Simultaneous 10-second resting ECGs were assessed for the most common ECG parameters in lead I. Afterward, 6-lead ECGs (limb leads), were performed immediately and studied for their morphologies.

Results:
Of the 300 patients, 297 had acceptable ECG quality in both devices for simultaneous lead I ECGs. The ECGs were inspected on-screen by a cardiologist for their rhythms, rates, axes, numbers, morphologies of premature atrial and ventricular beats, morphologies and amplitudes of PQRST waves, P-wave durations, QRS-wave durations, P-R intervals, and QT intervals. No significant differences were detected between the devices, and no major abnormalities were missed. Six-limb lead ECGs were obtained in 284 patients, of whom 281 had acceptable quality in ECGs by both devices. The morphology matching evaluation of the ECGs demonstrated an overall 98% compatibility rate, with the highest compatibility in lead I and the lowest in lead augmented vector foot.

Conclusions:
The diagnosis of critical pathological rhythms, including atrial fibrillation and high-grade atrioventricular node block, was not missed by the Nabz Hooshmand-1 and GE MAC 1200 ECG devices. Accordingly, rhythm detection as the primary purpose of handheld ECG devices was highly accurate. Both devices had acceptable sensitivity to diagnose long P-R and long and short QT intervals. Although the modern technology of smartphones and the physical inability for the 6-limb mode might cause old patients difficulty in utilizing such devices, their use for screening and follow-up is safe.
Addressing sex-based disparities in liver transplantation
Authors: Hundt Melanie A. , Tien Christine , Kahn Jeffrey A. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of reviewDisparities in access to liver transplantation by sex have been well described, disadvantaging women. Understanding the multifactorial causes of these disparities as well as the variety of proposed solutions is critical to improving access to this life-saving intervention for women. This review aims to summarize the current body of evidence on observed sex disparities in liver transplantation and highlight actionable, evidence-based mechanisms by which these disparities can be addressed.Recent findingsStrategies for addressing sex disparities in liver transplantation include increasing organ utilization, changing allocation policy, and leveraging public policies to reduce the incidence of end-stage liver disease. Several other promising interventions are currently being explored.SummaryIn the United States, women face additional barriers to liver transplantation on the basis of sex. Immediate action is necessary to systematically address these inequities.
Assessment of “Spin” in Published Plastic Surgery Randomized Controlled Trials with Statistically Non-significant Primary Outcomes – A Systematic Review
Authors: Yuan Morgan , Wu Jeremy , Li Allen , Gallo Lucas , Chin Brian , Murphy Jessica , Coroneos Christopher J. , Voineskos Sophocles , Thoma Achilleas 
Published: November 2022

Background:
“Spin” refers to a manipulation of language that implies benefit for an intervention when none may exist. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in other fields have been demonstrated to employ spin, which can mislead clinicians to use ineffective or unsafe interventions. This study’s objective was to determine the strategies, severity, and extent of spin in plastic surgery RCTs with non-significant primary outcomes.

Methods:
A literature search of the top 15 plastic surgery journals using MEDLINE was performed (2000-2020). Parallel 1:1 RCTs with a clearly identified primary outcome showing statistically non-significant results (p ≥ .05) were included. Screening, data extraction, and spin analysis were performed by two independent reviewers. The spin analysis was then independently assessed in duplicate by two plastic surgery residents with graduate level training in clinical epidemiology.

Results:
From 3,497 studies identified, 92 RCTs were included in this study. Spin strategies were identified in 78 RCTs (85%), including 64 Abstracts (70%) and 77 Main Texts (84%). Severity of spin was rated moderate or high in 43 Abstract Conclusions (47%) and 42 Main Text Conclusions (46%). The most identified spin strategy in the Abstract was claiming equivalence for statistically non-significant results (26%), and in the Main Text was focusing on another objective (24%).

Conclusions:
This study suggests that 85% of statistically non-significant RCTs in plastic surgery employ spin. Readers of plastic surgery research should be aware of strategies, whether intentional or unintentional, used to manipulate language in reports of statistically non-significant RCTs when applying research findings to clinical practice.
How COVID-19 pandemic impacted the students and staff physical activity? A study in a Southern Brazilian University
Authors: Martins Rafaela Costa , Ricardo Luiza Isnardi Cardoso , Crochemore-Silva Inácio , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Munhoz Tiago N , Levandowski Mateus L , Cademartori Mariana Gonzalez , Schuch Helena Silveira , Hallal Pedro Curi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhysical activity and its positive effects on coronavirus have been extensively discussed in the literature. However, there is still lack of evidence on the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the health-related behaviors of the Brazilian university community. The aim of the present study is to describe physical activity practice during the coronavirus pandemic among students and staff of a southern Brazilian university, as well as its association with sociodemographic characteristics. This was a self-administered web-based cross-sectional study, carried out among a southern Brazilian community. The main outcome for this study was leisure time physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic. Considering only leisure-time, 21.0% and 24.0% of the students and staff, respectively, reported achieving physical activity recommendations (≥150 minutes per week). There was a decline of more than 15 percentage points in physical activity practice comparing pre- and during the pandemic, and those following the protocols of staying at home presented lower levels of leisure-time physical activity. Physical activity practice was mainly performed at home and without any professional help. Leisure-time physical activity prevalence during the pandemic was relatively low among students and staff, and participants that followed staying at home protocols presented lower levels of physical activity.