bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture for prostatectomy incontinence: study protocol for a multicenter single-blind randomized parallel controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yao , Guo Shanqi , Wang Chaoran , Liu Xiaodi , Liu Yan , Shang Hongcai , Yang Peiying , Wang Liang , Zhai Jingbo , Li Xiaojiang , Jia Yingjie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Urinary incontinence is a common complication post radical prostatectomy. Acupuncture is considered an effective treatment for post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI), but the evidence is still limited. We propose to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in a rigorously conducted trial.

Methods
Twenty hospitals will recruit 340 participants with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy in China from April 2021 to April 2022. Participants will be randomly allocated to acupuncture or sham acupuncture with a 1:1 ratio using computerized simple random sampling. The study plan consists of 1-week baseline, 6-week treatment, and 18-week follow-up. Eighteen 30-min sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture treatment will be provided between weeks 1 and 6. The primary outcome is the change in the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) score at the week 6 from the baseline. Secondary outcomes include the change in volume of urine leakage at weeks 4 and 6 from a baseline measured using the 1-h pad test; 72-h incontinence episode frequency based on a 72-h voiding diary; change in the Expanded prostate cancer Index Composite scale (EPIC-26); change in the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; weekly consumption of pads; and the severity of urinary incontinence based on a 72-h bladder diary and self-assessment of the therapeutic effect. The safety of acupuncture will also be assessed.

Discussion
This trial will help to identify whether acupuncture is effective for PPI, and, if so, whether it exerts a therapeutic rather than a placebo effect.

Trial Registration
www.Chictr.org.cnChiCTR2100042500. Retrospectively registered on 22 January 2021.
Efficacy and safety of Xiaoyao pills for mild to moderate depression: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xue Zhe , Huang Zhen , Cheng Shu-li , Wang Xi-hong , Zhou Xuan , Ma Qing-yu , Chen Jia-xu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Depression is one of the most frequent and severe psychiatric conditions. Many chemical drugs to treat depression are associated with adverse reactions and have shortcomings. Traditional Chinese medicine is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of depression. Xiaoyao pills has achieved good results in clinical application, which has the advantages of quick effect and no obvious adverse reactions. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoyao pills on mild to moderate depression patients.

Methods
This study is a multi-centre, double-blinded, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 108 participants are assigned to three groups: Xiaoyao pill group taking Xiaoyao pills twice daily for 4 weeks, placebo group taking placebos twice daily for 4 weeks and normal group without taking any drug. The primary and secondary outcome measures are the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome Scale. The assessment is at baseline (before treatment initiation), 1 week, 2 weeks 4 weeks after the first treatment. Exploratory outcome is also assessed to explore the mechanism of Xiaoyao pills at baseline and 4 weeks.

Discussion
The results from this study will provide clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of Xiaoyao pills in patients with mild to moderate depression with syndrome of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ISRCTN12746343. Registered on September 25, 2020.
Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 induced renal fibrosis via decreasing sirtuin 3 expression and activating TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Dong Lina , Yu Lei , Zhong Jin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a flavin-containing amino oxidase that can repress or activate transcription. The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of LSD1 aggravating DN-induced renal fibrosis.

Methods
The STZ-induced DN rat model was established for in vivo study. The rats were divided into four groups: Sham, STZ, STZ + Ad-shNC and Ad-shLSD1. The Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the renal injury. The Immunofluorescence assay was used to determine the LSD1, Fibronectin and α-SMA expression. The related protein expression was detected by western blot.

Results
Knockdown of LSD1 alleviated STZ-induced renal injury. Moreover, knockdown of LSD1 decreased the expression of serum biochemical markers, containing urine output (24 h), urinary protein (24 h), serum creatinine, BUN and UACR. Furthermore, we proved that knockdown of LSD1 alleviated renal fibrosis in STZ-induced DN rats. In vitro, knockdown of LSD1 suppressed NRK-49F cells activation and overexpression of LSD1 induced renal fibrosis. In addition, knockdown of LSD1 could deactivate TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway and promote sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression in vivo and in vitro. The rescue experiments confirmed that LSD1 induced renal fibrosis via decreasing SIRT3 expression and activating TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.

Conclusion
LSD1 deficiency leads to alleviate STZ-induced renal injury and overexpression of LSD1 induces renal fibrosis via decreasing SIRT3 expression and activating TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, which provides a reasonable strategy for developing novel drugs targeting LDS1 to block renal fibrosis.
Changes in the gut bacterial communities in colon cancer surgery patients: an observational study
Authors: Abbas Mohamed , Gaïa Nadia , Buchs Nicolas C. , Delaune Vaihere , Girard Myriam , Andrey Diego O. , Meyer Jeremy , Schrenzel Jacques , Ris Frédéric , Harbarth Stephan , Lazarevic Vladimir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Colon surgery has been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota. Our objective was to characterize these changes using state-of-the-art next generation sequencing techniques.

Methods
We performed a single-centre prospective observational cohort study to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota, i.e., taxon distribution, before and after elective oncologic colon surgery in adult patients with different antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens (standard prophylaxis with cefuroxime/metronidazole versus carbapenems for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales [ESBL-E] carriers). We obtained rectal samples on the day of surgery, intraoperative luminal samples, and rectal or stoma samples 3 days after surgery. We performed metataxonomic analysis based on sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene marker. Similarities and differences between bacterial communities were assessed using Bray–Curtis similarity, visualised using principal coordinates analysis and statistically tested by PERMANOVA. Comparison of taxa relative abundance was performed using ANCOM.

Results
We included 27 patients between March 27, 2019 and September 17, 2019. The median age was 63.6 years (IQR 56.4–76.3) and 44% were females. Most (81%) patients received standard perioperative prophylaxis as they were not ESBL carriers. There was no significant association between ESBL carriage and differences in gut microbiome. We observed large and significant increases in the genus Enterococcus between the preoperative/intraoperative samples and the postoperative sample, mainly driven by Enterococcus faecalis. There were significant differences in the postoperative microbiome between patients who received standard prophylaxis and carbapenems, specifically in the family Erysipelotrichaceae.

Conclusion
This hypothesis-generating study showed rapid changes in the rectal microbiota following colon cancer surgery.
Translating research to usual care of children with sickle cell disease in Northern Nigeria: lessons learned from the SPRING Trial Team
Authors: Bello-Manga Halima , Haliru Lawal , Tabari Abdulkadir M. , Farouk Bilkisu , Suleiman Aisha , Bahago Gloria Y. , Sani Abdulrasheed M. , Bauman Ana A. , DeBaun Michael R. , King Allison A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Evidence-based practice for stroke prevention in high-income countries involves screening for abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD) velocity and initiating regular blood transfusions for at least 1 year, followed by treatment with hydroxyurea. This practice has not been transferred to low-resource settings like Nigeria, the country with the highest global population density of SCD. Following a multi-center randomized controlled trial among children with SCA in northern Nigeria, screening for stroke and initiation of hydroxyurea was established as standard of care at the clinical trial sites and other locations. We aim to describe the critical steps we took in translating research into practice for stroke prevention in SCA in Nigeria. Guided by the PRISM framework, we describe how we translated results from a randomized controlled trial for primary prevention of stroke in children with sickle cell anemia into usual care for children with SCA in Kaduna, Nigeria.

Results
Findings from this study demonstrate the importance of organizational support and stakeholder involvement from the onset of a clinical trial. Having the dual objective of conducting an efficacy trial while simultaneously focusing on strategies for future implementation can significantly decrease the lag time between discovery and routine practice.
What is the impact of birth weight corrected for gestational age on later onset asthma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zhang Zeyi , Chen Ou 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Asthma is a common multifactorial disease affecting millions worldwide. The Barker hypothesis postulates an association between later onset disease risk and energy exposure in utero. Birth weight corrected for gestational age is better for measuring the infant size, which reflects energy exposure in utero. Findings on asthma and birth weight corrected for gestational age have been inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to further clarify the relationship between birth weight corrected for gestational age and later onset asthma.

Methods
A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases up to January 2021 was conducted. The subject terms were used as follows: “asthma”, “allerg*”, “respiratory”, “birth weight”, “gestational age”, “birth outcomes”, “intrauterine growth retardation”, and “fetal growth restriction”.

Results
We included 12 articles with data from a total of 6,713,596 people. Compared with non-SGA infants, infants small for gestation age (SGA) were not associated with an increased risk of asthma (OR = 1.07; 95% CI 0.94–1.21). However, in the subgroup analysis, we found an increased risk of later onset asthma among SGA in studies conducted in Asia, with a large sample size, and defined asthma through medical records rather than questionnaires. Large for gestational age (LGA) was not associated with an increased risk of asthma when non-LGA or appropriated for gestational age (AGA) infants were used as the reference (OR = 1.02; 95% CI 0.90–1.16; OR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.88–1.15).

Conclusion
These results indicated that neither SGA nor LGA was associated with an increased risk of asthma. However, considering the limitations of the research, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Ontogeny of RORγt+ cells in the intestine of newborns and its role in the development of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Zhao Xiuhao , Liang Wenhua , Wang Yonghui , Yi Ruirong , Luo Lingjie , Wang Weifang , Sun Nannan , Yu Mingcheng , Xu Weijue , Sheng Qingfeng , Lu Li , Pang Jianfeng , Lv Zhibao , Wang Feng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Neonates possess an immature and plastic immune system, which is a major cause of some diseases in newborns. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe and devastating intestinal disease that typically affects premature infants. However, the development of intestinal immune cells in neonates and their roles in the pathological process of NEC have not been elucidated.

Results
We examined the ontogeny of intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes in the early life of mice and found a high percentage of RORγt+ cells (containing inflammatory Th17 and ILC3 populations) during the first week of life. Importantly, the proportion of RORγt+ cells of intestinal lamina propria further increased in both NEC mice and patients tissue than the control. Furthermore, the application of GSK805, a specific antagonist of RORγt, inhibited IL-17A release and ameliorated NEC severity.

Conclusions
Our data reveal the high proportion of RORγt+ cells in newborn mice may directly contribute to the development of NEC.
Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by noble metal coating of endotracheal tubes: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind study
Authors: Damas Pierre , Legrain Caroline , Lambermont Bernard , Dardenne Nadia , Guntz Julien , Kisoka Grâce , Demaret Pierre , Rousseau Anne-Françoise , Jadot Laurent , Piret Sonia , Noirot Didier , Bertrand Axelle , Donneau Anne-Françoise , Misset Benoît 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) causes increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay and increased healthcare costs. Prevention of VAP in intensive care units (ICUs) is currently based on several measures, and application of noble metal coating on medical devices has been shown to inhibit the bacterial adherence of microorganisms to the surface. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential benefit of noble metal coating of endotracheal tubes for the prevention of VAP.

Methods
This was a multi-center, randomized, controlled, double-blind, prospective study including ventilated patients from nine ICUs from four hospital sites in Belgium. Patients were randomly intubated with identical appearing noble metal alloy (NMA) coated (NMA-coated group) or non-coated (control group) endotracheal tubes (ETT). Primary endpoint was the incidence of VAP. Secondary endpoints were the proportion of antibiotic days during ICU stay and tracheal colonization by pathogenic bacteria.

Results
In total, 323 patients were enrolled, 168 in the NMA-coated group and 155 in the control group. During ventilation, VAP occurred in 11 patients (6.5%) in the NMA-coated group and in 18 patients (11.6%) in the control group (p  = 0.11). A higher delay in VAP occurrence was observed in the NMA-coated group compared with the control group by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.88, p  = 0.02). The number of antibiotic days was 58.8% of the 1,928 ICU days in the NMA-coated group and 65.4% of the 1774 ICU days in the control group (p  = 0.06). Regarding tracheal colonization, bacteria occurred in 38 of 126 patients in the NMA-coated group (30.2%) and in 37 of 109 patients in the control group (33.9%) (p  = 0.57).

Conclusions
This study provides preliminary evidence to support the benefit of noble metal coating in the prevention of VAP. A confirmatory study in a larger population would be valuable.
Trial registration: Clinical trial number: NCT04242706 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
A method of pedestrian flow monitoring based on received signal strength
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Wen Jing , Huang Kaide 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is a wide demand for people counting and pedestrian flow monitoring in large public places such as scenic tourist areas, shopping malls, stations, squares, and so on. Based on the feedback from the pedestrian flow monitoring system, resources can be optimally allocated to maximize social and economic benefits. Moreover, trampling accidents can be avoided because pedestrian guidance is carried out in time. In order to meet these requirements, we propose a method of pedestrian flow monitoring based on the received signal strength (RSS) of wireless sensor networks. This method mainly utilizes the shadow attenuation effect of pedestrians on radio frequency (RF) signals of effective links. In this paper, a deployment structure of RF wireless sensor network is firstly designed to monitor the pedestrians. Secondly, the features are extracted from the wavelet decomposition of RSS signal series with a short time. Lastly, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is trained by an experimental data set to distinguish the instantaneous number of pedestrian passing through the monitoring point. In the case of dense and sparse indoor personnel density, the accuracy of the SVM model is 88.9% and 94.5%, respectively. In the outdoor environment, the accuracy of the SVM model is 92.9%. The experimental results show that this method can realize the high precision monitoring of the flow of people in the context of real-time pedestrian flow monitoring.
Quality of life and complications after nephron-sparing treatment of renal cell carcinoma stage T1—a systematic review
Authors: Junker Theresa , Duus Louise , Rasmussen Benjamin S. B. , Azawi Nessn , Lund Lars , Graumann Ole , Nørgaard Birgitte 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the fact that nephron-sparing treatment is considered preferable from a surgical perspective patients’ quality of life (QoL) following different types of nephron-sparing treatments remains unclear.

Purpose
To investigate the quality of life and complications after nephron-sparing treatment of renal cell carcinomas of stage T1.

Materials and methods
A systematic search of six databases was carried out. We included studies that reported the quality of life and complications in patients aged 18 years or older following nephron-sparing treatment of renal cell carcinoma stage T1. The quality assessment was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for cohort studies and the CASP Randomized Controlled Trial Checklist. Data were analyzed using a narrative approach.

Results
Eight studies were included, six of which investigated QoL after partial nephrectomy and two after ablation therapies. Seven studies reported complications. Three studies reported higher QoL scores after partial nephrectomy compared to radical nephrectomy. Two studies showed that QoL increased or returned to baseline levels up to 12 months following partial nephrectomy. One study reported a gradual increase in QoL after radiofrequency ablation, and one study reported that all patients recovered to baseline QoL following cryoablation. Across studies, we found a complication rate up to 20% after partial nephrectomy and up to 12.5% after ablation therapy.

Conclusions
The results of this systematic review suggest that nephron-sparing treatment appears to be superior or comparable to other treatment alternatives with regard to QoL outcomes. Additionally, based on the studies included in this review, partial nephrectomy appears to have a higher complication rate compared with ablation therapies.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020155594
On the novel existence results of solutions for a class of fractional boundary value problems on the cyclohexane graph
Authors: Ali Wajahat , Turab Ali , Nieto Juan J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA branch of mathematical science known as chemical graph theory investigates the implications of connectedness in chemical networks. A few researchers have looked at the solutions of fractional differential equations using the concept of star graphs. Their decision to use star graphs was based on the assumption that their method requires a common point linked to other nodes but not to each other. Our goal is to broaden the scope of the method by defining the idea of a cyclohexane graph, which is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula $C_{6}H_{12}$

C
6

H
12

and CAS number 110-82-7. It consists of a ring of six carbon atoms, each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane with multiple junction nodes. This article examines the existence of fractional boundary value problem’ solutions on such graphs in the sense of the Caputo fractional derivative by using the well-known fixed point theorems. In addition, an example is given to support our key findings.
Predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children attending anti-retroviral therapy clinics of selected public hospitals in southern, Ethiopia: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gemechu Jifare , Gebremichael Bereket , Tesfaye Tewodros , Seyum Alula , Erkalo Desta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Co-infection of tuberculosis and HIV has a significant impact on public health. TB is the most common opportunistic infection and the leading cause of death in HIV-positive children worldwide. But there is paucity of studies concerning the predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children. This study aimed to determine the predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children attending ART clinics of public hospitals in Southern Nation, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia.

Methods
A hospital-based retrospective cohort study design was used among 284 TB-HIV co-infected children attending ART clinics at selected public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia, from January 2009 to December 2019. Then, medical records of children who were TB/HIV co-infected and on ART were reviewed using a structured data extraction tool. Data were entered using Epidata 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The Kaplan Meier survival curve along with log rank tests was used to estimate and compare survival time. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify predictors of mortality among TB/HIV co-infected children. Adjusted Hazard Ratio with p value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.

Result
A total of 284 TB/HIV co-infected children were included in the study. Among these, 35 (12.3%) of them died during the study period. The overall mortality rate was 2.78 (95%CI = 1.98-3.99) per 100 child years of observation. The predictors of mortality were anemia (AHR = 3.6; 95%CI: 1.39-9.31), fair or poor ART drug adherence (AHR = 2.9; 95%CI = 1.15-7.43), extrapulmonary TB (AHR = 3.9; 95%CI: 1.34-11.45) and TB drug resistance (AHR = 5.7; 95%CI: 2.07-15.96).

Conclusion
Mortality rate of TB/HIV co-infected children in selected public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia was documented as 2.78 per child years of observation as a result of this study. Moreover, Anemia, drug resistant tuberculosis, extrapulmonary TB and poor adherence to ART drugs were identified as the predictors of mortality among these children.