bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the antimicrobial activity of a crude leaf extract derived from Piper species.
Authors: Dodson Autumn Grace 
Published: May 2022

A growing number of human pathogens are becoming resistant to most common antibiotics. Each year, antibiotic-resistant infections are responsible for 35,000 deaths in the United States and billions of dollars in health care costs. This problem is magnified by the fact that very few new antibiotic therapies have been developed and approved for human use in recent years. Historically, plants and other products found in nature have served as essential sources for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents. Piper species are aromatic plants whose secondary metabolites have been shown to have wide ranging human health effects including anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity. In collaboration with Dr. Claudia Ospina at Inter American University of Puerto Rico, we generated a crude chemical extract from Piper leaves and will be assessing the antimicrobial activity of this extract against a broad range of bacterial species known to exhibit multidrug resistance. Future studies will involve isolating the active compounds (and/or fractions) from the Piper crude extract using column chromatography and/or HPLC. The pure compounds will be characterized using different spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, IR and MS. We anticipate isolating and identifying several bioactive compounds from the crude Piper leaf extract that exhibit antimicrobial activity.
STEM resource compilations for West Virginia.
Authors: Harvey Erica , Revels Josh , Thompson Beth , White Deana , White Josh , Klose Erika 
Published: May 2022

First2 Network, NASA Educator Resource Center (ERC), WV Department of Education (WVDE), and WV Alliance for STEM and the Arts offer compilations of WV STEM resources that serve undergraduate and K12 students, parents, educators, industry, and other STEM stakeholders throughout WV. Learn how to use and submit events to these resource compilations, and how they are connected. First2 Network’s WV STEM Hub is a searchable online inventory of West Virginia STEM-related assets, resources and opportunities. The NASA ERC aims to spotlight NASA internships for high school and undergraduate students through the Careers in the Corridor event, and to add industry partners to the WV STEM Hub and WVDE STEM Ecosystem. The main objective is to help develop STEM career pipelines by providing early awareness career explorations for WV students. STEAM Trek is a free web-based, interactive game platform for WV students to explore STEAM content and resources available from organizations, institutions, and individuals from WV and beyond. A new corridor in the game space is planned, to serve as a virtual Careers in the Corridor event continuously available to the public.
Respirometry Outcomes in a 7 Days Post-Fertilization Danio Rerio Fed Different Dietary Conditions.
Authors: Saez-Raez Paula , Walters James 
Published: May 2022

More than a third of the adults in the Appalachia are affected by obesity, which is associated with diets that are high in fats and cholesterol as well as the development of many diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. These diets lead tochronic inflammation and cellular damage from production of free radicals such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). We compared the respirometry outcomes in a 7 days post- fertilization zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae after different diet conditions. Larvae were either fed nothing at all, a low fat diet (LFD), a high fat diet (HFD), or a HFD plus a drug that mitigates oxidative stress (Anethole Trithione and mito-TEMPO). We expected that the HFD would cause the mitochondria to be put under more stress due to oxidative phosphorylation of lipids and would decrease in the larvae treated with the drugs. Respirometry was obtained using the XFe24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer (Agilent Technologies) and a modified Cell Mito Stress Test. We found basal respiration is higher in the HFD and lower in the other two treatment diets, indicating that high fat diets do produce more oxidative stress in mitochondria, and the drugs tested are able to successfully mitigate it. The analysis of drug interaction readings is in progress. In the future, we will test other drugs that can affect mitochondrial metabolism (i.e. Curcumin, Pitastatin, Mdivi-1 and PPPA).
Supported by NIH Grant P20GM103434 to the West Virginia IDeA Network for Biomedical Research Excellence.
Economic Planning in India: Did We Throw the Baby Out with the Bathwater?
Authors: Chhibber Ajay 
Published: May 2022

India has a long and checkered history of planning with some success but many failures. Despite India’s federal structure India’s approach to planning has been top-down with the union government controlling many levers – financial and otherwise to determine the direction of the economy and social programs. India has tried 3 types of planning – “directed planning”, “indicative planning” and now just a “strategy but no planning”. India needed to replace the Planning Commission but not give up on planning altogether. Just as the rest of the world was going back to a “new planning” surge to handle climate change and the desire to meet the SDGs, India abolished planning altogether. The successor to the planning commission - the Niti Aayog needs to get back to “new planning”, that is now being adopted by many countries with stronger leadership. A legitimised authorising environment and effective use to plan can help India achieve the SDGs by 2030 and become a prosperous country by 2047.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI ORANGTUA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI MI AL-HUDA REJOWINANGUN
Authors: Suprapti Suprapti 
Published: May 2022

Covid-19 telah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi yang melanda di seluruh wilayah. Pandemi Covid-19 membawa dampak yang sangat signifikan di kehidupan masyarakat terutama dalam dunia pendidikan. Dengan adanya pandemi ini, salah satu langkah pembelajaran yang diupayakan pemerintah dalam upaya pencegahan penyebaran covid-19 adalah dengan cara Pembelajaran Dalam Jaringan (Daring) di berbagai tempat pemjuru wilayah manapun, Namun pada kenyataannya tidak serta merta dari berbagai kalangan khususnya pihak orangtua sepakat dengan langkah yang di ambil pemerintah tersebut. Orangtua selaku mitra dalam dunia pendidikan sangat dikejutkan dengan adanya pembelajaran daring. Bagi sebagian masyarakat, hal itu bukan hanya di rasa mengejutkan dan aneh, namun sangat membuat merepotkan. Dengan latar belakang itulah peneliti kemudian ingin mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai persepsi orang tua terkait penyelenggaraan pembelajaran daring tersebut. Tujuan peneliti untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi orangtua terhadap pembelajaran daring selama Covid-19 melanda, kendala yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran daring, dan dampak dari pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif” analisis, yaitu metode yang bersifat menjelaskan tentang objek yang akan diteliti, serta melihat data secara sistematis, keseluruhan dan akurat. Oleh sebab itu, untuk data yang telah dihasilkan atau yang dicatat adalah data yang sifatnya potret seperti apa adanya. Pada hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa pembelajaran daring kurang berlangsung secara optimal , siswa kurang bisa menyerap materi karena sudah terbiasa belajar di sekolah, masalah jaringan, kwota, serta rasa bosan siswa dan tidak semua orang tua bisa mendampingi belajar anak, peran orang tua menjadi bertambah dan tidak semua orang tua paham dengaa perkembanngan teknologi, dan orang tua siswa tidak berasal dari kalangan yang sama. dikarenakan berbagai kendala. Jadi ini merupakan pekerjaan rumah bagi pendidik, sebagai tantangan berkreasi dan berinovasi untuk memberikan pembelajaran terhadap siswa.
Growing Environmental Bacterium Biofilms in PEO Cryogels for Environmental Biotechnology Application
Authors: Satchanska Galina 
Published: May 2022

This Chapter discusses the entrapment, growing and biofilm formation by an environmental bacterium immobilized in polyethyleneoxide cryogel to be applied in environmental biotechnology. The KCM-R5 bacterium was isolated from the heavy metal-polluted environment near a large Pb-Zn smelter, also producing precious metals in Bulgaria. Molecular-genetic analysis revealed affiliation with Pseudomonas rhodesiae. The strain is capable of growing in high concentrations of phenol and different phenol derivatives. Polyethylene oxide was found to be friendly and nontoxic to bacteria polymer enabling bacteria easy to penetrate in it and fast to grow. KCM-R5 biofilms were grown for 30 days in batch culture with phenol (300-1000 mg L−1) dissolved in the mineral medium. The bacterium was able to involve phenol in its metabolism and use it as a single carbon supplier. The results obtained in the study showed 98% phenol biodegradation using the biotech installation described. The proposed PEO cryogel-P. rhodesiae KCM-R5 bacterium biotech biofilter can be used for environmental biotechnology application in industrial wastewater detoxification.
Carbon Sequestration by Eucalypts in Florida, USA: Management Options Including Biochar and Associated Economics
Authors: L. Rockwood Donald , W. Fabbro Kyle , F. Ellis Martin , Ozores-Hampton Monica , Varshovi Amir 
Published: May 2022

Growth and economic models for E. grandis in mulch wood rotations, for E. grandis and E. grandis x E. urophylla cultivars grown as short-rotation woody crops (SRWC), including coppicing, for E. grandis in windbreaks (WB), with and without soil amendments including biochar (BC) and the slow-release fertilizer Green Edge (SRF, GE), and for E. grandis in dendroremediation applications estimated the above- and below-ground carbon sequestration potentials of these management options. The cultivars may sequester over 10 Mg of C/ha/year as SRWCs. Under assumed management costs and market conditions, SRWC management with BC is more profitable than operational culture if BC application costs are ≤$450/Mg. Longer rotations with less intensive management result in lower but still considerable sequestration and economic benefit. In WBs, E. grandis cultivars may sequester up to 34 Mg of C/ha in 3 years, with additional sequestration by amending soil with BC, GE, and BC + GE. Amending soil with BC derived from eucalypts is both a long-term sequestration strategy and an opportunity to increase plantation and crop productivity. Demand for sustainably produced BC is growing due to multiple applications beyond soil carbon sequestration.
Fossil Bovidae from the Hominini-bearing site of Cooper’s D (Bloubank Valley, South Africa): implications for Paranthropus robustus Broom, 1938 and early Homo Linnaeus, 1758 habitat preferences
Authors: HANON Raphaël , PÉAN Stéphane , PATOU-MATHIS Marylène , PRAT Sandrine , RECTOR Amy , STEININGER Christine 
Published: May 2022

The Cooper’s D deposit has been dated by U-Pb at a maximum age of 1.37 Ma ± 0.113 and has yielded seven Hominini remains, six of them are attributed to the Southern African endemic species Paranthropus robustus Broom, 1938. However, the taxonomic composition of the faunal assemblage recovered at this site, especially ruminants, remains poorly understood. This paper updates the previous palaeontological and biochronological works and provides the first taxonomic description and paleoecological analysis of the whole bovid material from Cooper’s D. We propose a minimum age of 1.0 Ma for the Cooper’s D bone accumulation. Thus, we conclude that the assemblage accumulated between 1.375 ± 0.113 and 1.0 Ma based on the complementary results obtained from radiometric dates and biochronology. The paleoecological analysis suggests that Cooper’s D is likewise dominated by grassland with sparse covered habitat and probable water sources in the vicinity. Finally, we show a strong statistically significant negative correlation between the presence of grassland-adapted bovid species and P. robustus. This result indicates that P. robustus was more likely to be an eurytopic species and dietary generalist than an exclusive grazer.
Innovation from the Bench: Judges, Prosecutors and Analysts Advancing Truth and Accountability for Conflict-related Corporate Complicity in Colombia
Authors: Bernal-Bermúdez Laura , Sánchez Nelson Camilo 
Published: May 2022

The chapter focuses on Colombia’s armed conflict, recognised as one of the longest internal armed conflicts in the world. With over 50 years of violence, and more than 60 peace agreements between the government and armed groups, the country has attempted a range of transitional justice mechanisms, including amnesties, trials, and truth commissions or similar processes. While these mechanisms had mandates focusing on armed actors involved in the violence, in the past decade institutional innovators in the judiciary managed to open a window of accountability for economic actors. This chapter will use the Archimedes’ Lever framework to understand the role that judicial innovators have played in Colombia to advance corporate accountability through truth-telling, starting with the Justice and Peace process, and ending with the mechanisms that emerged from the 2016 Peace Agreement with the FARC guerrilla group. It also brings new light regarding who, when, what and where we see corporate complicity with the atrocities of the conflict.
Styles and Methods of Philosophical Interpretation in Marsilio Ficino’s Commentary on Plotinus
Authors: Gersh Stephen 
Published: May 2022

The essay has three main sections. After an introduction discussing the historical context and the development of the commentary finally published in 1492 towards the end of Ficino’s life, section 1 considers the various levels of commentary detail, the contrast between more and less text-dependent styles of commentary, and the relation between non-intertextual and intertextual commentaries. Section 2 turns to Ficino’s notion of philosophical commentary as history of philosophy. It examines the notion that Plotinus’ philosophy itself is the interpretation of a tradition of ancient theologians and also a synthesis of Platonic and Aristotelian teachings very much on Plato’s terms. Section 3 considers the provocative notion that the reading of Plotinus’ text can be compared to and perhaps identified with the summoning and the colloquy of Neoplatonic daemons.
Samuel Parker’s Free and Impartial Censure of the Platonick Philosophie
Authors: Hedley Douglas 
Published: May 2022

Samuel Parker (1640 – 1688), Fellow of the Royal Society, in his learned A free and impartial censure of the Platonick philosophie (1667) seemed to be defending the experimentalism of the Society from the metaphysical speculations of the Cambridge Platonists. This paper explores the argument of this text and considers why it was composed. The focus of Parker’s critique is on those aspects which at the time were considered the hallmark of Platonism (and opposite to the theoretical rigour of the new experimental science), such as, for example, the Platonists’ belief in a Plotinian ‘Spirit of Nature’, their use of the imagination in philosophy, and Plato’s debt to the tradition of the Cabbala.
Platonic Love and Aristotelian Ethics in Alessandro Piccolomini’s Institutione (1542)
Authors: Webb Eleanor 
Published: May 2022

Alessandro Piccolomini (1508-1579) drove the most ambitious programme of vernacular philosophical writing and translation of the sixteenth century. Among the earliest of these works, the Institutione (1542) is presented as a comprehensive ethical handbook, based primarily on Aristotle’s Ethics and Rhetoric. Despite the reliance on Aristotle, the work gives a privileged position to love, a topic on which Aristotle had little to say. Effectively correcting Aristotle’s omission by way of Plato, Piccolomini utilises a number of syncretic strategies to demonstrate the harmony between Plato and Aristotle on all relevant issues, thereby offering his readers a complete philosophy of love that is fully integrated into the broader Aristotelian ethical program he promotes. As Piccolomini argues love to be the most important element in man’s happiness – the final end of Aristotelian ethics – the Institutione represents a particularly ambitious example of philosophical syncretism in the period, demonstrating the creativity of authors seeking to reconcile Plato and Aristotle for their own ends.
Lead-OR: A multimodal platform for deep brain stimulation surgery
Authors: Oxenford Simón , Roediger Jan , Neudorfer Clemens , Milosevic Luka , Güttler Christopher , Spindler Philipp , Vajkoczy Peter , Neumann Wolf-Julian , Kühn Andrea , Horn Andreas 
Published: May 2022

Background:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode implant trajectories are stereotactically defined using preoperative neuroimaging. To validate the correct trajectory, microelectrode recordings (MERs) or local field potential recordings can be used to extend neuroanatomical information (defined by MRI) with neurophysiological activity patterns recorded from micro- and macroelectrodes probing the surgical target site. Currently, these two sources of information (imaging vs. electrophysiology) are analyzed separately, while means to fuse both data streams have not been introduced.Methods:Here, we present a tool that integrates resources from stereotactic planning, neuroimaging, MER, and high-resolution atlas data to create a real-time visualization of the implant trajectory. We validate the tool based on a retrospective cohort of DBS patients (N = 52) offline and present single-use cases of the real-time platform.Results:We establish an open-source software tool for multimodal data visualization and analysis during DBS surgery. We show a general correspondence between features derived from neuroimaging and electrophysiological recordings and present examples that demonstrate the functionality of the tool.Conclusions:This novel software platform for multimodal data visualization and analysis bears translational potential to improve accuracy of DBS surgery. The toolbox is made openly available and is extendable to integrate with additional software packages.Funding:Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (410169619, 424778381), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DynaSti), National Institutes of Health (2R01 MH113929), and Foundation for OCD Research (FFOR).
Exhibition of Mason-Marks copied from Melrose Abbey, Dryburgh, Jedburgh, &c
Authors: Smith John Alex 
Published: May 2022

The author describes how mason’s marks are used in building materials to note which mason constructed each part of the structure. He suggests that if a researcher had a record of mason’s marks that were used across Scotland in different time periods, it might be possible to cross-reference them and discover if the same masons worked on buildings with similar styles, or to check whether part of a building was a later addition based on when the mason’s marks are from.

Meeting notes for 9 June, 1862 are appended.
Rational Materials Design for In Operando Electropolymerization of Evolvable Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Gerasimov Jennifer Y. , Halder Arnab , Mousa Abdelrazek H. , Ghosh Sarbani , Harikesh Padinhare Cholakkal , Abrahamsson Tobias , Bliman David , Strandberg Jan , Massetti Matteo , Zozoulenko Igor , Simon Daniel T. , Berggren Magnus , Olsson Roger , Fabiano Simone 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors formed by in operando electropolymerization of the semiconducting channel are increasingly becoming recognized as a simple and effective implementation of synapses in neuromorphic hardware. However, very few studies have reported the requirements that must be met to ensure that the polymer spreads along the substrate to form a functional conducting channel. The nature of the interface between the substrate and various monomer precursors of conducting polymers through molecular dynamics simulations is investigated, showing that monomer adsorption to the substrate produces an increase in the effective monomer concentration at the surface. By evaluating combinatorial couples of monomers baring various sidechains with differently functionalized substrates, it is shown that the interactions between the substrate and the monomer precursor control the lateral growth of a polymer film along an inert substrate. This effect has implications for fabricating synaptic systems on inexpensive, flexible substrates.
In Situ Synthesis of MOF‐74 Family for High Areal Energy Density of Aqueous Nickel–Zinc Batteries
Authors: Chen Tingting , Wang Fanfan , Cao Shuai , Bai Yang , Zheng Shasha , Li Wenting , Zhang Songtao , Hu Shu‐Xian , Pang Huan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLimited by single metal active sites and low electrical conductivity, designing nickel‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) materials with high capacity and high energy density remains a challenge. Herein, a series of bi/multimetallic MOF‐74 family materials in situ grown on carbon cloth (CC) by doping Mx+ ions in Ni‐MOF‐74 is fabricated: NiM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+), and NiCoM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+). The type and ratio of doping metal ions can be adjusted while the original topology is preserved. Different metal ions are confirmed by X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Furthermore, these Ni‐based MOF electrodes are directly utilized as cathodes for aqueous nickel–zinc batteries (NZBs). Among all the as‐prepared electrodes, NiCo‐MOF@CC‐3 (NCM@CC‐3), with an optimized Co/Ni ratio of 1:1, exhibits the best electrical conductivity, which is according to the density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations. The NCM@CC‐3//Zn@CC battery achieves a high specific capacity of 1.77 mAh cm–2, a high areal energy density of 2.97 mWh cm–2, and high cycling stability of 83% capacity retention rate after 6000 cycles. The synthetic strategy based on the coordination effect of metal ions and the concept of binder‐free electrodes provide a new direction for the synthesis of high‐performance materials in the energy‐storage field.
Highly Potassiophilic Graphdiyne Skeletons Decorated with Cu Quantum Dots Enable Dendrite‐Free Potassium‐Metal Anodes
Authors: Yi Yuyang , Li Jiaqiang , Gao Zhixiao , Liu Wenfeng , Zhao Yu , Wang Menglei , Zhao Wen , Han Yu , Sun Jingyu , Zhang Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmploying an Al foil current collector at the potassium anode side is an ideal choice to entail low‐cost and high‐energy potassium‐metal batteries (PMBs). Nevertheless, the poor affinity between the potassium and the planar Al can cause uneven K plating/stripping and, hence, an undermined anode performance, which remains a significant challenge to be addressed. Herein, a nitrogen‐doped carbon@graphdiyne (NC@GDY)‐modified Al current collector affording potassiophilic properties is proposed, which simultaneously suppresses the dendrite growth and prolongs the lifespan of K anodes. The thin and light modification layer (7 µm thick, with a mass loading of 500 µg cm−2) is fabricated by directly growing GDY nanosheets interspersed with Cu quantum dots on NC polyhedron templates. As a result, symmetric cell tests reveal that the K@NC@GDY‐Al electrode exhibits an unprecedented cycle life of over 2400 h at a 40% depth of discharge. Even at an 80% depth of discharge, the cell can still sustain for 850 h. When paired with a potassium Prussian blue cathode, the thus‐assembled full cell demonstrates comparable capacity and rate performance with state‐of‐the‐art PMBs.
Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Trifluoromethyl 4‐Subtituted Pyrazoles by [3+2] Cycloaddition of Trifluoroacetonitrile Imines and Nitroalkenes
Authors: Wang Ke‐Hu , Liu Haimei , Liu Xiaoling , Bian Chang , Wang Junjiao , Su Yingpeng , Huang Danfeng , Hu Yulai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn efficient cycloaddition reaction of trifluoroacetohydrazonoyl bromides with nitroolefins was developed, which regioselectively produced 3‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐substituted pyrazoles. The reaction has the advantages of mild conditions, good tolerance of functional groups and simple operation.