bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise oscillatory ventilation in patients with advanced heart failure with and without left ventricular assist device
Authors: Wernhart Simon , Papathanasiou Maria , Jakstaite Aiste , Hoffmann Julia , Schmack Bastian , Hedderich Jürgen , Ruhparwar Arjang , Rassaf Tienush , Luedike Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundExercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV), indicating pathological fluctuations on pulmonary arterial pressure, is associated with mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Whether left ventricular assist device (LVAD)‐induced ventricular unloading can reverse EOV and may prevent short‐term rehospitalization has not been investigated.MethodsWe performed a retrospective single‐center in‐ and outpatient analysis of patients with (n = 20, LVAD) and without (n = 27, HF) circulatory support and reduced ejection fraction (EF, 22.8 ± 7.9%). The association of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) variables and 3 months‐rehospitalization (3MR) as a primary outcome was analyzed. Furthermore, CPET variables were compared regarding the presence of EOV (+/−).ResultsLower VO2peak (11.6 ± 4.9 ml/kg/min vs. 14.4 ± 4.3 ml/kg/min, p = 0.039), lower increase of PETCO2 (CI = 0.049–1.127; p = 0.068), and higher VE/VCO2 (43.8 ± 9.5 vs. 38.3 ± 10.6; p = 0.069) were associated with 3MR. Flattening of O2 pulse (CI = 0.139–2.379; p = 0.487) had no impact on 3MR. EOV was present in 59.5% (n = 28/47) of patients, without a significant difference between LVAD and HF patients (p = 0.959). Patients with HF/EOV+ demonstrated significantly lower VO2peak compared with HF/EOV− (p = 0.039). LVAD/EOV+ displayed significantly lower EF (p = 0.004) and fewer aortic valve opening than LVAD/EOV− (p = 0.027).ConclusionsLower VO2peak, but not EOV, was associated with 3MR. EOV occurred at a similar rate in LVAD and HF patients, which may illustrate insufficient unloading during exercise in chronic LVAD therapy and may contribute to the limited exercise capacity following LVAD implantation. Simultaneous CPET and right heart catheterization studies are needed to elucidate whether EOV may serve as a non‐invasive predictor of insufficient LV unloading necessitating LVAD reprograming.
Antibody response and intra‐host viral evolution after plasma therapy in COVID‐19 patients pre‐exposed or not to B‐cell‐depleting agents
Authors: Gachoud David , Pillonel Trestan , Tsilimidos Gerasimos , Battolla Dunia , Dumas Dominique , Opota Onya , Fontana Stefano , Vollenweider Peter , Manuel Oriol , Greub Gilbert , Bertelli Claire , Rufer Nathalie 
Published: September 2022

SummaryAdministration of plasma therapy may contribute to viral control and survival of COVID‐19 patients receiving B‐cell‐depleting agents that impair humoral immunity. However, little is known on the impact of anti‐CD20 pre‐exposition on the kinetics of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies. Here, we evaluated the relationship between anti‐spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) kinetics and the clinical status or intra‐host viral evolution after plasma therapy in 36 eligible hospitalized COVID‐19 patients, pre‐exposed or not to B‐cell‐depleting treatments. The majority of anti‐CD20 pre‐exposed patients (14/17) showed progressive declines of anti‐spike IgG titres following plasma therapy, contrasting with the 4/19 patients who had not received B‐cell‐depleting agents (p = 0.0006). Patients with antibody decay also depicted prolonged clinical symptoms according to the World Health Organization (WHO) severity classification (p = 0.0267) and SARS‐CoV‐2 viral loads (p = 0.0032) before complete virus clearance. Moreover, they had higher mutation rates than patients able to mount an endogenous humoral response (p = 0.015), including three patients with one to four spike mutations, potentially associated with immune escape. No relevant differences were observed between patients treated with plasma from convalescent and/or mRNA‐vaccinated donors. Our study emphasizes the need for an individualized clinical care and follow‐up in the management of COVID‐19 patients with B‐cell lymphopenia.
Syntactic prediction during self‐paced reading is age invariant
Authors: Cutter Michael G. , Paterson Kevin B. , Filik Ruth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractControversy exists as to whether, compared to young adults, older adults are more, equally or less likely to make linguistic predictions while reading. While previous studies have examined age effects on the prediction of upcoming words, the prediction of upcoming syntactic structures has been largely unexplored. We compared the benefit that young and older readers gain when the syntactic structure is made predictable, as well as potential age differences in the costs involved in making predictions. In a self‐paced reading study, 60 young and 60 older adults read sentences in which noun‐phrase coordination (e.g. large pizza or tasty calzone) is made predictable through the inclusion of the word either earlier in the sentence. Results showed a benefit of the presence of either in the second half of the coordination phrase, and a cost of the presence of either in the first half. We observed no age differences in the benefit or costs of making these predictions; Bayes factor analyses offered strong evidence that these effects are age invariant. Together, these findings suggest that both older and younger adults make similar strength syntactic predictions with a similar level of difficulty. We relate this age invariance in syntactic prediction to specific aspects of the ageing process.
The distal central pair segment is structurally specialised and contributes to IFT turnaround and assembly of the tip capping structures in Chlamydomonas flagella
Authors: Pratelli Ambra , Corbo Dalia , Lupetti Pietro , Mencarelli Caterina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground InformationCilia and flagella are dynamic organelles whose assembly and maintenance depend on an activetrafficking process known as the IntraFlagellar Transport (IFT), during which trains of IFT protein particles are moved by specific motors and carry flagellar precursors and turnover products along the axoneme. IFT consists of an anterograde (from base to tip) and a retrograde (from tip to base) phase. During IFT turnaround at the flagellar tip, anterograde trains release their cargoes and remodel to form the retrograde trains. Thus, turnaround is crucial for correct IFT. However, current knowledge of its mechanisms is limited.ResultsWe show here that in Chlamydomonas flagella the distal ∼200 nm central pair (CP) segment is structurally differentiated for the presence of a ladder‐like structure (LLS). During IFT turnaround, the IFT172 subunit dissociates from the IFT‐ B protein complex and binds to the LLS‐containing CP segment, while the IFT‐B complex participates in the assembly of the CP capping structures. The IFT scaffolding function played by the LLS‐containing CP segment relies on anchoring components other than the CP microtubules, since IFT turnaround occurs also in the CP‐devoid pf18 mutant flagella.ConclusionsDuring IFT turnaround in Chlamydomonas flagella, i) the LLS and the CP terminal plates act as anchoring platforms for IFT172 and the IFT‐B complex, respectively, and ii) during its remodeling, the IFT‐B complex contributes to the assembly of the CP capping structures.SignificanceOur results indicate that in full length Chlamydomonas flagella IFT remodeling occurs by a specialized mechanism that involves flagellar tip structures and is distinct from the previously proposed model in which the capability to reverse motility would be intrinsic of IFT train and independent by any other flagellar structure.
Real‐world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml in insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes in the Latin America region: A subgroup analysis of the ATOS
Authors: Vargas‐Uricoechea Hernando , Burga Nuñez José Luis , Rosas Guzmán Juan , Silva‐Gomez Liliana , Beltran Sergio , Sañudo‐Maury María Elena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the real‐world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla‐300) in achieving glycaemic goals in insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexico, Colombia and Peru (Latin America region) in the A Toujeo Observational Study (ATOS).Materials and MethodsATOS was a multicentre, prospective, 12‐month observational study, which included 4422 insulin‐naïve adults (age ≥ 18 years) with T2D uncontrolled (HbA1c > 7% and ≤11%) on at least one oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) who initiated Gla‐300 treatment as per routine practice. The primary endpoint was the percentage of participants achieving their predefined individualized HbA1c goal at month 6. Key secondary endpoints included change from baseline in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting self‐monitored blood glucose (SMBG), body weight and incidence of hypoglycaemia.ResultsIn this subgroup analysis, a total of 314 participants with T2D received Gla‐300. At baseline, mean ± SD age was 56.0 ± 11.6 years, duration of diabetes was 9.7 ± 6.6 years and 65.9% of participants were on at least two OADs. The individualized HbA1c target was achieved by 25.8% of participants (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3‐31.9) at month 6 and by 35.3% (95% CI: 28.5‐42.5) at month 12. Gla‐300 treatment improved glycaemic control with meaningful reductions in mean HbA1c, FPG and fasting SMBG. The incidence of hypoglycaemia reported was low and body weight remained stable.ConclusionsIn a real‐world setting in the Latin America region, the initiation of Gla‐300 in people with T2D uncontrolled on OADs resulted in improved glycaemic control with a low incidence of hypoglycaemia and no change in body weight.
Self‐reported diabetes is associated with allocentric spatial processing in the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Gregory Sarah , Blennow Kaj , Homer Natalie Z. M. , Ritchie Craig W. , Muniz‐Terrera Graciela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes is a robust predictor of cognitive impairment. Impairment in allocentric processing may help identify those at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease dementia. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of participants with and without diabetes on a task of allocentric spatial processing. This was a cross‐sectional secondary data analysis study using baseline data from the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study (EPAD LCS). Participants were aged 50 years and above and were free of dementia at baseline. Participants with no missing data on the variables of interest were included in this study. Our exposure variable was diabetes reported in the medical history. Our primary outcome was the Four Mountains Test (4MT), a novel task of allocentric processing. Covariates included demographics (age, sex, family history of dementia and years of education), APOEε4 carrier status, cognitive status (Clinical Dementia Rating scale), cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau and amyloid‐beta 1–42. Of 1324 participants (mean age = 65.95 (±7.45)), 90 had diabetes. Participants with diabetes scored 8.32 (±2.32) on the 4MT compared with 9.24 (±2.60) for participants without diabetes. In a univariate model, diabetes was significantly associated with worse 4MT total scores (β = −.92, p = .001), remaining significant in a fully adjusted model (β = −.64, p = .01). Cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau was significantly higher in participants with diabetes compared with those without. Novel cognitive tests, such as the 4MT, may be appropriate to identify early cognitive changes in this high‐risk group. Identifying those at greatest risk for future neurodegeneration is key to prevention efforts.
From simplicity to complexity in current melanoma models
Authors: Michielon Elisabetta , de Gruijl Tanja D. , Gibbs Susan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the recent impressive clinical success of immunotherapy against melanoma, development of primary and adaptive resistance against immune checkpoint inhibitors remains a major issue in a large number of treated patients. This highlights the need for melanoma models that replicate the tumor's intricate dynamics in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and associated immune suppression to study possible resistance mechanisms in order to improve current and test novel therapeutics. While two‐dimensional melanoma cell cultures have been widely used to perform functional genomics screens in a high‐throughput fashion, they are not suitable to answer more complex scientific questions. Melanoma models have also been established in a variety of experimental (humanized) animals. However, due to differences in physiology, such models do not fully represent human melanoma development. Therefore, fully human three‐dimensional in vitro models mimicking melanoma cell interactions with the TME are being developed to address this need for more physiologically relevant models. Such models include melanoma organoids, spheroids, and reconstructed human melanoma‐in‐skin cultures. Still, while major advances have been made to complement and replace animals, these in vitro systems have yet to fully recapitulate human tumor complexity. Lastly, technical advancements have been made in the organ‐on‐chip field to replicate functions and microstructures of in vivo human tissues and organs. This review summarizes advancements made in understanding and treating melanoma and specifically aims to discuss the progress made towards developing melanoma models, their applications, limitations, and the advances still needed to further facilitate the development of therapeutics.
Improved Method for Simulating Groundwater Inundation Using the MODFLOW 6 Lake Transport Package
Authors: Mancewicz Lauren K. , Mayer Alex , Langevin Christian , Gulley Jason 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGroundwater inundation due to sea level rise can affect island and coastal freshwater resources by exposing water tables to direct, continuous evaporation. Numerical simulations of groundwater inundation effects on coastal and island aquifers have been limited by an inability to simulate solute transport and variable density flow between the aquifer and lakes formed by groundwater inundation. Consequently, we contributed to the development of a new tool, the Lake Transport Package, for MODFLOW 6 that can calculate solute concentrations within lakes and allows for variable density flow between lakes and aquifers. Here we use groundwater inundation as an example application to showcase the functionality of the Lake Transport Package and the advantages of using this tool over past methods of representing groundwater inundation. We developed hypothetical island simulations based on hydrogeological characteristics of the Bahamas. Multiple sea level rise and lake evaporation rates were simulated to evaluate the effects of groundwater inundation on freshwater lens size for different climates. The results demonstrate the ability of the Lake Transport Package to calculate the solute concentration of the lake for transient simulations, including hypersaline concentrations. Higher sea level rise and greater lake evaporation rates lead to a greater loss of the freshwater lens and higher lake salinity. The formation of a lake and corresponding expansion due to groundwater inundation increases the loss of freshwater by 6–36%, depending on the lake evaporation rate. These simulations validate the performance and demonstrate usefulness of the Lake Transport Package as a tool in representing groundwater inundation.
Effect of ultrasonic pre‐treatments on the octenyl succinic anhydride substitution of potato starch and its physicochemical and emulsifying properties
Authors: Zheng Yuxue , Fang Haitian , Zhang Huiling , Ye Xingqian , Tian Jinhu 
Published: September 2022

SummaryTo investigate whether the ultrasonic pre‐treatments of starch will affect the octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) esterification, different power ultrasonic pre‐treatments (150, 300, 450 and 600 W) were performed on potato starch, then the OSA esterification was performed and the physicochemical as well as the emulsifying properties of the OSA starch were analysed. Results indicated that ultrasonic pre‐treatments decreased the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency by 30%, regardless of the pre‐treatments condition, while little differences were observed in the crystalline type and the long‐range ordered structure. DSC results demonstrated that low‐power ultrasound decreased the values of To and Tp, but increased ΔH, while high‐power ultrasound had the opposite effect. In addition, high‐power sonication improved the emulsifying capacity of OSA starch, which ranged from 189.08 ± 0.23 m2/g to 334.70 ± 0.35 m2/g, while emulsion stability decreased from 277.02 ± 10.83 min to 42.75 ± 0.08 min. Overall, the result of the present work implied that OSA starch exhibited varied thermal and emulsifying properties under different ultrasonic pre‐treatments, and our work might provide basic theory for the preparation of OSA starch.
Methionine oxidation and reduction of the ethylene signaling component MaEIL9 are involved in banana fruit ripening
Authors: Zhu Lisha , Chen Lin , Wu Chaojie , Shan Wei , Cai Danling , Lin Zengxiang , Wei Wei , Chen Jianye , Lu Wangjin , Kuang Jianfei 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe ethylene insensitive 3/ethylene insensitive 3‐like (EIN3/EIL) plays an indispensable role in fruit ripening. However, the regulatory mechanism that links post‐translational modification of EIN3/EIL to fruit ripening is largely unknown. Here, we studied the expression of 13 MaEIL genes during banana fruit ripening, among which MaEIL9 displayed higher enhancement particularly in the ripening stage. Consistent with its transcript pattern, abundance of MaEIL9 protein gradually increased during the ripening process, with maximal enhancement in the ripening. DNA affinity purification (DAP)‐seq analysis revealed that MaEIL9 directly targets a subset of genes related to fruit ripening, such as the starch hydrolytic genes MaAMY3D and MaBAM1. Stably overexpressing MaEIL9 in tomato fruit hastened fruit ripening, whereas transiently silencing this gene in banana fruit retarded the ripening process, supporting a positive role of MaEIL9 in fruit ripening. Moreover, oxidation of methionines (Met‐129, Met‐130, and Met‐282) in MaEIL9 resulted in the loss of its DNA‐binding capacity and transcriptional activation activity. Importantly, we identified MaEIL9 as a potential substrate protein of methionine sulfoxide reductase A MaMsrA4, and oxidation of Met‐129, Met‐130, and Met‐282 in MaEIL9 could be restored by MaMsrA4. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel regulatory network controlling banana fruit ripening, which involves MaMsrA4‐mediated redox regulation of the ethylene signaling component MaEIL9.
Measuring gender in consumer research: Validity and consumer welfare
Authors: Jones Niusha , Hamby Anne , Kidwell Blair 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConsistent use of a valid measurement approach is essential for producing replicable research, along with the accumulation and integration of knowledge. Although gender is one of the most studied constructs in marketing, the literature remains muddled regarding a valid measurement of gender. In this work, we review the extant literature to outline the evolution of four main approaches toward conceptualizing and measuring gender. Further, we systematically review the common measures of gender in consumer research and delineate their inherent validity issues and impact on consumer welfare. Finally, we propose solutions for amending common gender measurement practices and directions for future research.
Identification and construction of a prognostic risk model based on multi‐RNA methylation regulators in cervical cancer
Authors: Yan Xiaoling , Qu Yuan , Huang Wenxuan , Zhang Hao , Zhu Lei , Zhang Liying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimCervical cancer is one of the most aggressive female cancers. RNA methylation is a necessary epigenetic modification in biological process. This study aimed to construct an RNA methylation regulator‐based risk model for predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.MethodsThe transcriptome profiles of cervical cancer data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE44001. An RNA methylation‐related risk model was constructed and assessed by the Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso)‐penalized Cox regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic effect of the risk model and calculated scores. The immune infiltration difference was further analyzed between the subgroups with a single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA).ResultsA total of 63 methylation modulators were included in this study, and 618 cervical cancer patients were identified from TCGA and GSE44001. Differential expression genes profiling RNA methylation regulators between normal and tumor samples were distinct. A four‐gene signature panel was constructed to predict the prognostic risk. The predictive ability was satisfactory. Cervical cancer patients were classified into high‐ or low‐risk subgroups according to the median risk score. Moreover, the immune infiltration patterns between them differed.ConclusionsA risk model including four RNA methylation regulators was constructed, which will provide new perspectives for further investigation of the relationship between RNA methylation and cervical cancer.
Algorithms and their Affordances: How Crowdworkers Manage Algorithmic Scores in Online Labour Markets
Authors: Bellesia Francesca , Mattarelli Elisa , Bertolotti Fabiola 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn online labour platforms, algorithmic scores are used as indicators of freelancers' work quality and future performance. Recent studies underscore that, to achieve good scores and secure their presence on platforms, freelancers respond to algorithmic control in different ways. However, we argue, to fully understand how freelancers deal with algorithmic scores, we first need to investigate how they interpret scores and, more specifically, what scores can do for them, i.e., perceived algorithmic affordances and constraints. Our interviews and other qualitative data collected with knowledge intensive gig workers on a major platform allow us to explain how the perceived affordances of algorithms (i.e., barrier, individual visibility, self‐extension, rule of the game) act as mechanisms that explain different behavioural and emotional responses over time. Our work contributes to the current debate on the positive and negative consequences of algorithmic work by portraying the fundamental role paid by the individual interpretation of algorithmic scores and by integrating the affordance perspective into our understanding of algorithmic work.