bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recall devices: Defects at initial visit and during remote monitoring supported follow‐up
Authors: Grymuza Maciej , Chmielewska‐Michalak Lidia , Katarzyńska‐Szymańska Agnieszka , Migaj Jacek , Lesiak Maciej , Mitkowski Przemysław 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn March 2021, Biotronik informed about the risk of premature battery depletion in a group of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators. Following the manufacturers’ recommendation, our center executed a recall and introduced remote monitoring (RM) in patients with susceptible devices. This study reports the rate of premature battery depletion in our center and events found in RM‐supported follow‐up.MethodsSingle‐center observational study.ResultsOut of the 206 susceptible implanted devices, 125 patients appeared for the visit and RM was introduced in 107 (83%) patients. Until the visit, three (2.4%) devices required replacement due to battery depletion, and a further three (2.4%) devices had unexpected battery depletion during follow‐up.ConclusionsThe recalled devices had a higher rate of battery exhaustion than expected, while other device or lead defects were less common.
Perceptions of Partners’ Fertility Preferences and Women's Covert Contraceptive Use in Eight Sub‐Saharan African Countries
Authors: Sarnak Dana O. , Gemmill Alison 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCovert use of contraception is a common but underreported and understudied phenomenon where one partner uses contraception without the other's knowledge. We used Demographic and Health Survey couple data to examine the relationship between wives’ perceptions of husbands’ fertility preferences and type of contraceptive use (overt vs. covert) in Benin, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia using logistic regression. Wives who perceived that their husbands wanted more children than them had increased odds of using covertly, compared to those who perceived that husbands wanted the same number of children in all countries except Benin, and the strength of the relationships ranged from adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.89 (95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.75–4.76) in Zambia to aOR 4.01 (95 percent CI 1.68–9.58) in Mali. Wives who reported not knowing their husbands’ fertility preferences had increased odds of using covertly compared to wives who perceived that their husbands wanted the same number of children in all countries except Zambia, ranging from aOR 2.02 (95 percent CI 1.11–3.69) in Ethiopia to aOR 3.82 (95 percent CI 2.29–6.37) in Kenya. Our findings indicate that efforts to increase partner engagement to align couple's fertility preferences may encourage overt use.
Thematic analysis and natural language processing of job‐related problems prior to physician suicide in 2003–2018
Authors: Kim Kristen , Ye Gordon Y. , Haddad Angela Maria , Kos Nicholas , Zisook Sidney , Davidson Judy E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlthough previous studies have consistently demonstrated that physicians are more likely than non‐physicians to experience work‐related stressors prior to suicide, the specific nature of these stressors remains unknown. The current study aimed to better characterize job‐related problems prior to physician suicide.MethodsThe study utilized a mixed methods approach combining thematic analysis and natural language processing to develop themes representing death investigation narratives of 200 physician suicides with implicated job problems in the National Violent Death Reporting System database between 2003 and 2018.ResultsThrough thematic analysis, six overarching themes were identified: incapacity to work due to deterioration of physical health, substance use jeopardizing employment, interaction between mental health and work‐related issues, relationship conflict affecting work, legal problems leading to work‐related stress, and increased financial stress. Natural language processing analysis confirmed five of these themes and elucidated important subthemes.ConclusionsThis is the first known study that integrated thematic analysis and natural language processing to characterize work‐related stressors preceding physician suicide. The findings highlight the importance of bolstering systemic support for physicians experiencing job problems associated with their physical and mental health, substance use, relationships, legal matters, and finances in suicide prevention efforts.
An analysis of absurdity1
Authors: Lau Tony Tsz Fung 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper offers an account of propositional absurdity and investigates its connection to falsity. I propose that instances of absurdity just are cases of what I call maximal abnormality. In light of the works of Smith (2016) and Pietroski and Rey (1995) on normic conditionals which link normality to explanatory demands, I suggest that absurdity also has a close tie with explanations (more precisely, the lacking thereof). Interesting consequences follow under such an account – first, I argue that we should see absurdity as ceteris paribus guide to falsehood – what is absurd is expected to be false, unless further evidence suggests otherwise; second (and relatedly), when further evidence indeed suggests otherwise, absurd propositions would not cease to be absurd.
An outlook multiple: The ontological multiplicity of the Met Office's 3‐month outlook
Authors: Manktelow Chris 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper uses a material semiotic approach to explore how the ontological multiplicity of climate affects the communication of seasonal climate outlooks (SCO). The analysis is based on an ethnography of the UK Meteorological Office's (Met Office) 3‐month outlook, which predicts seasonal climate variability for the whole of the UK over the next 3 months. I advance geographical knowledge by critiquing a tendency among SCO providers to assume that stakeholders only treat the climate as a descriptive index of weather trends. Instead, I propose that the idea of a normal climate, which is central to this mode of communication, is an effect of materially diverse professional practices, such as running seasonal climate models, making contingency plans, or writing and publishing newspaper articles. These socio‐material practices enact multiple understandings, or ontologies, of what the climate is, which then shape how SCO are understood and used. The analysis identifies moments where ontologies of climate converge and diverge and discusses the effect that these moments have on the communication of the Met Office's 3‐month outlook. The paper concludes by assessing the theoretical significance of material semiotic approaches for geographical research into the multiplicity of climate, as well as the practical significance of this work for scientists who are involved in communicating climate information.
The miRNA‐143‐3p–Sox6–Myh7 pathway is altered in obesogenic diet‐induced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: de Oliveira Silva Tábatha , Lino Caroline A. , Miranda Juliane B. , Balbino‐Silva Camila S. , Lunardon Guilherme , Lima Vanessa M. , Jensen Leonardo , Donato Jose , Irigoyen Maria Cláudia , Barreto‐Chaves Maria Luiza M. , Diniz Gabriela P. 
Published: June 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What is the effect of an obesogenic diet on the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in cardiac hypertrophy in female mice?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Female mice fed an obesogenic diet exhibited cardiac hypertrophy associated with increased levels of miRNA‐143‐3p, decreased mRNA levels of Sox6 and increased mRNA levels of Myh7. Inhibition of miRNA‐143‐3p increased Sox6 mRNA levels and reduced Myh7 expression in cardiomyocytes, and prevented angiotensin II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The results indicate that the miRNA‐143‐3p–Sox6–Myh7 pathway may play a key role in obesity‐induced cardiac hypertrophy.

AbstractObesity induces cardiometabolic disorders associated with a high risk of mortality. We have previously shown that the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile is changed in obesity‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in male mice. Here, we investigated the effect of an obesogenic diet on the expression of miRNAs involved in cardiac hypertrophy in female mice. Female mice fed an obesogenic diet displayed an increased body weight gain, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. In addition, obese female mice exhibited cardiac hypertrophy associated with increased levels of several miRNAs, including miR‐143‐3p. Bioinformatic analysis identified Sox6, regulator of Myh7 gene transcription, as a predicted target of miR‐143‐3p. Female mice fed an obesogenic diet exhibited decreased mRNA levels of Sox6 and increased expression of Myh7 in the heart. Loss‐of‐function studies in cardiomyocytes revealed that inhibition of miR‐143‐3p increased Sox6 mRNA levels and reduced Myh7 expression. Collectively, our results indicate that obesity‐associated cardiac hypertrophy in female mice is accompanied by alterations in diverse miRNAs, and suggest that the miR‐143‐3p–Sox6–Myh7 pathway may play a key role in obesity‐induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Hazard Management Plan for Mass Transit System
Authors: Li James , Howard Andrew , Kalbasi Amin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The literature has recognized that developing a Hazard Management Plan is the most efficient way to outline the process of identifying hazards, assessing the hazard risks, and eliminating hazards or mitigating the hazard risks to the acceptable level for a Mass Transit System. Hazard management is a comprehensive, collaborative approach to manage hazards. It brings different hazard analyses and hazard management tools together to identify the hazard, control the hazard, eliminate the hazard, or mitigate the hazard risk to an acceptable level at an early stage. Hazard management is a top-down hazard management process which involves the Hazard Management Plan (HMP) to outline the hazard management process from the initial stages of identifying a hazard to the final stage in the process of closing a hazard. Hazard analyses that are identified by the HMP include: Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) to provide an early assessment of the top-level hazards associated with a design or concept; Operating and Support Hazard Analysis (OSHA) to identify and analyze hazards associated with personnel and procedures during production, installation, testing, training, operations, maintenance, and emergencies; Interface Hazard Analysis (IHA) to capture interface hazards introduced because of fault or failures in the interaction or interface between systems and between system and Civil works which covers both internal and external interfaces; Subsystem Hazard Analysis (SSHA) to identify previously unidentified hazards associated with the design of subsystems, including component failure modes, critical human error inputs, and hazards resulting for functional relationships between components and equipment comprising each subsystem and recommend actions necessary to eliminate identified hazards or control their associated risk to acceptable levels; System Hazard Analysis (SHA) to evaluate top-level hazards to ensure at the system level the hazards are mitigated to an acceptable level; Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to identify weakness in the design (i.e., common mode failures); Failure Modes, Effect Analysis (FMEA) to identify and analyze possible failures early in the design phase so that appropriate actions are taken to eliminate, minimize, or control safety. A Hazard Log is a hazard management tool to collect all the hazards identified from various hazard analyses and manage the hazards to closure. In some cases, where hazards are owned by other parties the HMP process will define Hazard Transfer Forms (HTF) to transfer the hazard to the responsible party who will be responsible to supply the evidence of closure or accept the residual risk. This paper will introduce the HMP, various hazard analyses, hazard log and hazard management process that applies to a Mass Transit System.
Machine Learning Based Estimation of Residual Useful Life of High-Speed Train Wheels Based on Vehicle-Mounted Vibration Sensor Data
Authors: Tang Haichuan , Dai Junyan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Safety is always a top priority during the development of high-speed rail systems. Wheel, as one of the most important components of a high-speed train, requires frequent inspections and maintenances in order to prevent operation failure of the train or even catastrophes from happening. The Residual Useful Life (RUL) has been extensively studied in the research field of health management for industrial components or systems. It is critical to understand the RUL of the high-speed train wheel for informed maintenance and replacement. Given an accurate estimation of train wheel RUL, rail companies can optimize maintenance and repair schedules more economically while ensuring safety. In this paper, we develop a machine learning based methodology to estimate the RUL of high-speed train wheels, using actual, in-field vibration data from sensors mounted on bogies. To our best knowledge, few studies have used data from in-field sensors mounted directly on train components to train and test a model for train wheel RUL estimation. A traditional time-domain signal processing method is implemented to extract characteristic features from the vibration data. Various machine learning models are introduced and applied to validate our proposed method. The estimation results conform to the empirical data, and can be used to infer the RUL of the wheel based on vehicle-mounted vibration sensor data for rail safety management.
Maximizing RF Communications Throughput for Railroad Applications at 160 MHz
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Pejman , Hempel Michael , Sharif Hamid , Omar Tarek 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As the railroad industry in North America pursues the further expansion of their wireless communications capabilities in support of many different railroad applications, such as Positive Train Control and wireless wayside monitoring, it faces a critical challenge due to the rapidly worsening congestion and over-utilization of RF spectrum resources. Thus, the rail industry is exploring the use of underutilized non-traditional RF bands. One such example is the 160 MHz RF band. In this paper we present initial results from our comprehensive evaluation and RF solutions design effort for the 160 MHz band, with the aim of maximizing communications throughput while complying with current regulatory requirements such as channelization and emission mask regulations. Accomplishing this investigation involves capturing and evaluating all parameters impacting the signal and its spectral characteristics, such as sampling rate and the root-raised-cosine filter parameters (roll-off, filter span, etc.), in order to adhere to channel width mandates and avoid adjacent channel interference. Our results assist with formulating bit rate and symbol rate selections to maximize performance within FCC-mandated spectral mask requirements for this RF band. For our comprehensive investigation we evaluated signals modulated using QAM, Mil188QAM, APSK, DVB-S2/S2X/SH-APSK, PSK and PAM, with different modulation orders ranging from 2 to 256. We then further expanded our work by considering Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and its corresponding parameters, e.g., FFT size, cyclic prefix, guard bands and more. This research is designed to pave the way to enable vital rail applications for non-traditional RF bands, or expand critical applications such as Positive Train Control into bands such as 160 MHz.
Benefits of Regional Integration: Redefining the Concept
Authors: Butorina O. V. , Borko Yu. A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor decades, the topic of regional integration has been considered in research through its economic benefits. The classic theories of customs unions and optimum currency area, together with, to a lesser extent, the new regionalism approach are based on analyses of potential costs and benefits of regional associations. Regional integration is traditionally understood as a way to encourage trade flow between member states, to facilitate more efficient allocation of resources by stimulating competition by increasing the capacity of the internal market. That is expected to result in faster economic growth and, consequently, increased per capita income. The 70-year history of the European Union provides sufficient research material to analyze whether economic benefits truly are the main driving force of regional integration. With this goal in mind, the presented article first sums up the key reasons for the post-war unification of Western Europe, then explores the position of the cost-benefit analysis in the theory of regional integration, and finally analyzes the degree of influence of welfare effects on strategic decisions of the European Union. The analysis shows that economic gain is not an immanent property of regional integration: it does not occur at all stages of the process and is neither its primary goal nor its driving force. Instead, regional integration aims to respond to the changing global order, i.e., help member states strengthen their international position and protect themselves from undesirable external influence. While economic benefits are also important, they are not necessarily the decisive factor.
Russian Modernization in the 20th Century: Features, Pace, and Results
Authors: Kornilov Gennady 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article substantiates a new methodological approach that involves identifying transformations in the economic, social, political, demographic, and cultural spheres of the village, as well as their evolution, trajectory, dynamics, and intensity. This approach contributes to the deepening of ideas about the patterns and features of the development of the agrarian sector and rural society in Russia in the 20th century.
Paediatric health-related quality of life in congenital cytomegalovirus
Authors: Ralph Kate Monica Isabel , Bull Kim , Trotter Caroline , Wood Sharon , Jones Christine E 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveCongenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common congenital infection globally. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children with cCMV and that of their parents.MethodsFamilies of children with cCMV in the UK were approached through the charity CMV Action. Parents completed questionnaires about their own HRQoL and that of their child. Children who were able to self-report completed questionnaires about their own HRQoL. Demographic characteristics of the sample were described using descriptive statistics. Questionnaire responses were scored, and domain and summary scores were calculated and compared with UK population norms, where available.ResultsSeventy families participated, with children aged between 5 months and 18 years. Children with cCMV had poorer HRQoL compared with children from UK population data. HRQoL of children whose health was more severely affected by cCMV was poorer than that of children whose health was less severely affected. Parents of children whose health was moderately or severely affected had greater psychological morbidity and poorer HRQoL in physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functioning domains than parents of less severely affected children.ConclusionscCMV has a significant effect on the HRQoL of children with cCMV and their parents, with the children with the most significant health needs having the lowest HRQoL compared with those children with little or no effects on their health. This data could contribute to health economic analyses, informing resource allocation to potential interventions for the prevention and treatment of cCMV.
Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament and meniscal injuries: a best-evidence synthesis of systematic reviews for the OPTIKNEE consensus
Authors: Culvenor Adam G , Girdwood Michael A , Juhl Carsten B , Patterson Brooke E , Haberfield Melissa J , Holm Pætur M , Bricca Alessio , Whittaker Jackie L , Roos Ewa M , Crossley Kay M 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveSynthesise evidence for effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions following ACL and/or meniscal tear on symptomatic, functional, clinical, psychosocial, quality of life and reinjury outcomes.DesignOverview of systematic reviews with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation certainty of evidence.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library.Eligibility criteriaSystematic reviews of randomised controlled trials investigating rehabilitation interventions following ACL and/or meniscal tears in young adults.ResultsWe included 22 systematic reviews (142 trials of mostly men) evaluating ACL-injured individuals and none evaluating isolated meniscal injuries. We synthesised data from 16 reviews evaluating 12 different interventions. Moderate-certainty evidence was observed for: (1) neuromuscular electrical stimulation to improve quadriceps strength; (2) open versus closed kinetic chain exercises to be similarly effective for quadriceps strength and self-reported function; (3) structured home-based versus structured in-person rehabilitation to be similarly effective for quadriceps and hamstring strength and self-reported function; and (4) postoperative knee bracing being ineffective for physical function and laxity. There was low-certainty evidence that: (1) preoperative exercise therapy improves self-reported and physical function postoperatively; (2) cryotherapy reduces pain and analgesic use; (3) psychological interventions improve anxiety/fear; and (4) whole body vibration improves quadriceps strength. There was very low-certainty evidence that: (1) protein-based supplements improve quadriceps size; (2) blood flow restriction training improves quadriceps size; (3) neuromuscular control exercises improve quadriceps and hamstring strength and self-reported function; and (4) continuous passive motion has no effect on range of motion.ConclusionThe general level of evidence for rehabilitation after ACL or meniscal tear was low. Moderate-certainty evidence indicates that several rehabilitation types can improve quadriceps strength, while brace use has no effect on knee function/laxity.
Determinants of children ever born among ever-married women in Bangladesh: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018
Authors: Rahman Atikur , Hossain Zakir , Rahman Mohammad Lutfor , Kabir Enamul 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of the number of children ever born (CEB) and its associated determinants among women aged 15–49 years in Bangladesh.Study design and settingWe used clustered data extracted from the last two Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS 2014 and BDHS 2017–2018). A two-stage stratified sampling was used in both surveys. Mixed logistic regression modelling approach for binary responses was adapted to accommodate clustering effects via the generalised linear mixed model framework.ParticipantsThe study is based on 15 924 ever-married women in BDHS 2017–2018 (14 119 in BDHS 2014) of Bangladesh.ResultsAs per the latest BDHS 2017–2018, 42.1% of reproductive women had three or more children. Age at first marriage (p<0.001, OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.666 to 0.825), age at first birth (p<0.001, OR0.54, 95% CI 0.480 to 0.607), place of residence (p<0.001, OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.712 to 0.872), exposure of media (p<0.001, OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.647 to 0.768), religion (p<0.001, OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.277 to 1.690), husband’s desire more child (p<0.001, OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.428 to 1.784), women empowerment (p<0.001, OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.075 to 1.3) and wealth index (p<0.001, OR1.61, 95% CI 0.435 to 1.796) were found to be statistically significant determinants of the number of CEB among ever-married women. The number of CEB among women was negatively associated with their own educational status (p<0.001) and husbands level of education (p<0.001).ConclusionThe CEB appears to be higher among women who were married before 18 years, Muslim, illiterate, living in rural areas, had first birth before 20 years, non-exposure of media and husband’s desire for more children.