bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Days with and without self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors: Impact of childhood maltreatment on adolescent online social networking
Authors: Grocott Lauren R. , Mair Anneliese , Galione Janine N. , Armey Michael F. , Huang Jeff , Nugent Nicole R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAmong adolescents, an increasing rate of interpersonal interactions occurs online. Previous research has shown that interpersonal context exerts a robust impact on suicidal thoughts or behaviors, yet little attention has focused on examining the content of online interactions surrounding self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors. As such, the present study sought to compare online social networking behaviors among adolescents on days with and without experiencing self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors, as influenced by childhood maltreatment history.MethodAdolescents aged 13–18 hospitalized for self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors were recruited as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. A subsample (N = 22) of adolescents provided data from their online social networking platforms (i.e., text messages, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter). Using a mixed‐methods approach, online social networking data on days of experiencing self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors and days of not experiencing self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors were compared.ResultsResults indicate the frequency and content of online social networking messaging do not change by day of self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors or history of childhood maltreatment. However, childhood maltreatment predicts received conflictual messages as well as sent symptomatic messages on days of experiencing self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors.ConclusionsChildhood maltreatment may play a role in the content of adolescent online behaviors, particularly on days when they experience self‐injurious thoughts or behaviors. Implications for intervention are discussed.
Expression and prognostic significance of chromatin modulators EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Gouda Mahmoud B. Y. , Zidane Mohammed A. , Abdelhady Abdelhady Sayed , Hassan Naglaa M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpigenetics factors are critical for normal cell function and their regulation is sensitive to malignancy development. EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b are key epigenetics players in different cancer types. However, their expression profiles and related consequences in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have not been known yet. In addition to routine lab work, expression levels of EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b were determined in 110 adult and pediatric patients withDe NovoAML. Relations between their expression and patients' clinical data were tested by statistical methods. EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b were highly expressed in AML patients against control cases and associated with the presence of adverse genomic alterations. In response to induction chemotherapy, EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b showed to be significantly high in resistant and relapsed patients in comparison to the complete remission group. KDM2b overexpression was associated with CD11c (integrin alpha X) downregulation. Kaplan−Meier analysis indicated that EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b overexpression was correlated with poor survival status in AML patients. We conclude that EHMT2/G9a and KDM2b expression levels could be used as independent prognostic factors for AML disease.
High hemoglobin fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients: A retrospective analysis of 232 patients with PD
Authors: Liu Daoqin , Yang Chengcheng , Zhou Ru , Zhao Hongjing , Si Tingwei , Liu Chunsheng , Wu Qiwen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths in peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsAccording to the Hb fluctuation, patients were divided into low fluctuation group, moderate fluctuation group, and high fluctuation group, and then, the effects of Hb fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause death in PD were analyzed by regression analysis.ResultsA total of 232 patients were selected in this study. Compared with the low Hb fluctuation group, the moderate and high fluctuation groups had lower body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and baseline Hb, and the moderate fluctuation group had less erythropoietin (EPO) and dialysis dose. Compared with survivors, patients with cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths had lower mean Hb and Hb fluctuation (all p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that before and after adjusting for confounding factors, Hb fluctuation was still independently correlated with cardiovascular prognosis, and higher Hb fluctuation was still a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in the Hb‐substandard group, but there was no significant correlation between Hb fluctuation and all‐cause death. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that Hb fluctuation was positively correlated with Kt/V and EPO dosage, but negatively correlated with the baseline Hb.ConclusionHigh Hb fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in PD with substandard Hb. Compared with Hb fluctuation, correction of anemia timely and making Hb reaches the standard level had a greater impact on reducing cardiovascular‐related death in PD.
Pim‐2 regulates bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts via V‐ATPase a3 isoform expression in periodontal disease
Authors: Heo Soon C. , You Jae C. , Jung Suhan , Kim Yu N. , Shin Sang‐Hun , Lee Jae‐Yeol , Kim Hyung J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCytoplasmic serine/threonine Pim kinases have emerged as important modulators of immune regulation and oncology. However, their regulatory roles in bone remodeling remain obscure. Here, we aimed to determine the roles of Pim kinases in periodontal disease (PD), focusing on the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorptive activity. We investigated Pim kinases expression in PD by analyzing data from the online Gene Expression Omnibus database and using ligature‐induced periodontitis mouse model. The expression of Pim kinases during receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclastogenesis was assessed in mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption activity were respectively verified by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining and dentin disc‐based bone resorption assays. We silenced and overexpressed Pim‐2 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and retroviral vector, respectively, to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Pim‐2 regulation in RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity. Upregulated expression of Pim‐2 was observed in both patients with PD and periodontitis‐affected mouse gingival tissues. siRNA‐mediated silencing of Pim‐2 in BMMs diminished RANKL‐induced resorptive activity without affecting osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, RANKL‐triggered stimulation of a3 isoform, which is a subunit of vacuolar‐type ATPase, was selectively attenuated in BMMs on silencing Pim‐2. The overexpression of Pim‐2 with a retroviral vector stimulated the a3 subunit, thus inducing bone resorption activity. Taken together, these results suggest that Pim‐2 acts as a major modulator of osteoclastic activity by regulating a3 isoform expression in PD.
Effect of weekend hospitalization on the duration of fasting in patients with aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Hasumi Yuki , Hirota Yoshito , Nishimura Masahiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDecreased swallowing function is an important risk factor for the development of aspiration pneumonia. A previous study reported that a long duration of fasting decreased swallowing function and increased mortality. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between weekend hospitalization and fasting duration in older patients with aspiration pneumonia.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study using hospital claims data and electronic medical record data between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2020, 238 patients hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia were enrolled. Patients admitted from Monday to Friday were defined as the weekday admission group, and patients admitted on Saturday, Sunday, and holidays were defined as the weekend admission group. The primary endpoint was the duration of fasting. Multiple regression analysis was performed with age, gender, place of living, Functional Oral Intake Scale before admission, severity of pneumonia, and weekend admission as the independent variables.ResultsThere were 41 patients in the weekend admission group and 103 patients in the weekday admission group. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar. There was a median difference in the fasting duration of 23.3 h; the fasting duration in the weekend admission group was significantly longer than the weekday admission group by 20.03 h (95% confidence interval: 2.81–37.25) in the multiple regression analysis.ConclusionsWeekend hospitalization was significantly associated with a longer fasting duration in patients hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia. There is a need to establish a system to enable early meal initiation for patients admitted on weekends.
c-Rel-dependent monocytes are potent immune suppressor cells in cancer
Authors: Li Ting , Bou-Dargham Mayassa J , Fultang Norman , Li Xinyuan , Pear Warren S , Sun Honghong , Chen Youhai H 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMyeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of leukocytes that are important for tumorigenesis and tumor immunotherapy. They comprise up to 10% of leukocytes in the blood of tumor patients and their depletion may be required for successful tumor immunotherapy. However, the identity of MDSCs remains obscure, primarily due to their heterogeneity and lack of a known lineage-specific transcription factor specifying their differentiation. Using single-cell transcriptomics and gene knockout approaches, we now describe a subset of murine and human myeloid suppressor cells, named rel-dependent monocytes (rMos), which are programmed by the transcription factor c-Rel of the NF-κB family. Unlike MDSCs described previously, the c-Rel-dependent monocytes expressed a high amount of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β together with a low level of suppressive molecule arginase 1. Both in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice, these c-Rel+IL-1βhiArg1− monocytes promoted tumor growth by potently suppressing T cell function and showed a strong migratory phenotype, all of which were impaired by c-Rel deficiency or inhibition. Mechanistic studies revealed that c-Rel controlled the expression of monocyte signature genes through a unique transcriptional complex called the c-Rel enhanceosome, and IL-1β-CCL2 crosstalk between tumor cells and the rel-dependent monocytes maintained the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, c-Rel specifies the development of a suppressive monocyte population and could be selectively targeted for treating cancer.
R4 RGS proteins as fine tuners of immature and mature hematopoietic cell trafficking
Authors: Chan Kathy Yuen Yee , Chung Po Yee , Zhang Chi , Poon Ellen Ngar Yun , Leung Alex Wing Kwan , Leung Kam Tong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse group of membrane receptors. They are involved in almost every physiologic process and consequently have a pivotal role in an extensive number of pathologies, including genetic, neurologic, and immune system disorders. Indeed, the vast array of GPCRs mechanisms have led to the development of a tremendous number of drug therapies and already account for about a third of marketed drugs. These receptors mediate their downstream signals primarily via G proteins. The regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins are now in the spotlight as the critical modulatory factors of active GTP-bound Gα subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins to fine-tune the biologic responses driven by the GPCRs. Also, they possess noncanonical functions by multiple mechanisms, such as protein–protein interactions. Essential roles and impacts of these RGS proteins have been revealed in physiology, including hematopoiesis and immunity, and pathologies, including asthma, cancers, and neurologic disorders. This review focuses on the largest subfamily of R4 RGS proteins and provides a brief overview of their structures and G-proteins selectivity. With particular interest, we explore and highlight, their expression in the hematopoietic system and the regulation in the engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Distinct expression patterns of R4 RGS proteins in the hematopoietic system and their pivotal roles in stem cell trafficking pave the way for realizing new strategies for enhancing the clinical performance of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Finally, we discuss the exciting future trends in drug development by targeting RGS activity and expression with small molecules inhibitors and miRNA approaches.
Non‐destructive analysis of concentration profiles in turbid media using micro‐spatially offset Raman spectroscopy: A physical model
Authors: Castiglioni Chiara , Botteon Alessandra , Conti Claudia , Tommasini Matteo , Matousek Pavel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe introduce an analytical physical description of micro‐spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (micro‐SORS) experiments in turbid samples with a special emphasis on its use for studying the penetration depth of chemical species (agents) into a matrix. Such samples exhibit varying concentration gradients with depth and reflect typical situations encountered in Cultural Heritage framework. The experiments aim at yielding the variations (trends) of the Raman intensity ratio of the agent and matrix marker bands,
, with increasing micro‐SORS defocusing distance
. The physical model shows that
can be expressed as a function of the concentration profiles of the analytes. The analysis makes use of Monte Carlo simulation results of the propagation of photons in turbid media. Despite the introduced approximations, the obtained formulas provide an insightful tool that allows justifying the observed trends and facilitates the interpretation of micro‐SORS data and systematic comparison among different samples. Basic comparison with previously published experimental micro‐SORS data indicates good consistency. The obtained relationships could also be useful for a semi‐quantitative estimate of concentration profiles in unknown samples.
Effect of MgO on the structure of SiO2‐poor/rich MgO‐CaO‐SiO2 melts by in situ high temperature time‐gated Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculation
Authors: Gong Xiaoye , Wang Jian , You Jinglin , Wang Min , Zhang Fu , Tang Xiaohui , Ma Nan , Lu Liming , Wan Songming , Zhang Qingli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe effect of MgO on the microstructures and macroscopic properties of SiO2‐poor/rich MgO‐CaO‐SiO2 melts was investigated by in situ high temperature time‐gated Raman spectroscopy coupled with aerodynamic levitation heating of molten samples. Results of density functional theory calculations of Mg2SiO4, γ‐Ca2SiO4, and MgCaSiO4 crystals and quantum chemistry ab initio simulations of Q0 species (Q0 refers to tetrahedral Si‐O units without bridging oxygen) of SiO2‐poor series MgO‐CaO‐SiO2 molten samples certified that with the substitution of CaO by MgO, the variation of Raman intensity at 900–1100 cm−1 of xMgO‐(2‐x)CaO‐SiO2 melts was caused by the antisymmetric stretching vibration modes of distorted silicon‐oxygen tetrahedra. The experimental result of SiO2‐rich series of MgO‐CaO‐SiO2 molten samples could identify various Qi species quantitatively and demonstrated that with the substitution of CaO by MgO, the abundance of Q3 species dramatically decreased, but Q4 species increased slightly, whereas Q1 and Q2 species maintain insignificant change. A positive correlation between viscosity and the abundance ratio of Q3 to Q4 was assumed and illustrated.
Ultraviolet In Situ Polymerized Binders with Polysulfide‐Trapping Properties for Long‐Cycle‐Life Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Zhuzuan , Peng Yuehai , Yang Zhuohong , Yang Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) represent a promising energy storage system due to the high theoretical energy density of the cathode; however, the high temperature and long‐time drying required for electrode production result in high energy consumption and low efficiency. Ultraviolet (UV)‐curing technology is an effective strategy to solve the abovementioned problems. However, carbon black and other conductive agents used in the production of the battery industry show strong absorption of UV light; thus, a single photoinitiator cannot absorb enough light intensity to realize initiation, limiting its application in the battery industry. In this work, the concept of full‐band absorption is introduced into the manufacturing process of the LSB cathode to solve the abovementioned problems. The full‐band absorption of photoinitiators in the UV band is successfully realized by combining the photoinitiators 2‐benzyl‐2‐dimethylamino‐1‐(4‐morpholinylphenyl)‐1‐butanone, 2‐isopropyl thioxanthone, and bis (2,4,6‐trimethyl benzoyl)‐phenoxyphosphine. An ultraviolet in situ polymerized polyurethane acrylate (PUA) binder is successfully prepared by the combination of photoinitiators. PUA is used as the binder of LSBs and exhibits an excellent long‐cycle performance of 1500 cycles with a low decay rate of 0.04% per cycle at 0.5 C. Thus, UV‐curing technology provides a new prospect and possibility of industrialization for battery manufacturing.
Admixture and population dynamics in the Philippines through craniometric analysis
Authors: Lescure Javier , Cancio Carlos , Garong Ame , Quinto‐Sanchez Mirsha , González‐José Rolando , González‐Martín Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Philippine population prior to European contact is the result of the arrival to the archipelago of different subgroups and the admixture between them. Taking the skull as a complex genotype resulting from both genetic inheritance and the environment, and assuming populations with phenotypic similarity will have a greater phylogenetic relationship, the possibility of studying admixture based on geometric morphometry and cranial measurements is proposed. Sixty‐one skulls from a collection from the National Museum of Anthropology in Madrid (MNA, Spain) were studied, all dating from before the 19th century. As a reference, the Howells (1973) database was used. The characterization of the phenotype was carried out using a Microscribe digitizer arm with which 65 landmarks were taken, using them to create 12 craniometric distances. The admixture of the Philippine skull collection from the MNA was evaluated by applying a Discriminant Analysis based on Gaussian finite mixture modeling. Thanks to a principal component analysis, a study of morphospaces was carried out. Additionally, a population inference was made using the Relethford and Blangero model. Finally, the skulls were divided into clusters according to their admixture using the k‐means method. The individual admixture of each skull was estimated, and later the collection was divided into three clusters after applying the k‐means method. The Relethford and Blangero analysis indicated that the groups created did not have much internal admixture, unlike the Filipino group in the Howells database. Assuming a relative neutrality of the craniofacial characters, it is possible to study the admixture of some individuals from a series of cranial distances. This study is framed in the line of other genetic, linguistic, or morphometric types, which indicate that the Philippine population prior to the 19th century has a great intrapopulation variance, constituting a series of metapopulations within the entire archipelago.
Off‐policy integral reinforcement learning‐based optimal tracking control for a class of nonzero‐sum game systems with unknown dynamics
Authors: Zhao Jin‐Gang , Chen Fang‐Fang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article studies the optimal tracking control problem of a class of multi‐input nonlinear system with unknown dynamics based on reinforcement learning (RL) and nonzero‐sum game theory. First of all, an augmented system composed of the tracking error dynamics and the command generator dynamics is constructed. Then, a tracking coupled Hamilton–Jacobi (HJ) equations associated with discounted cost function is derived, which gives the Nash equilibrium solution. The existence of Nash equilibrium is proved. To approximate the Nash equilibrium solution of tracking coupled HJ equations, we give two model‐based policy iteration (PI) algorithms, and analyze their equivalence and convergence. Further, to get rid of the prior knowledge of system dynamics, an off‐policy integral reinforcement learning (OP‐IRL) algorithm implemented by neural networks (NNs) is proposed. The weights of critic NNs and actor NNs are updated simultaneously by the gradient descent method. The convergence of the NNs weights and the stability of the closed‐loop error systems are proved. Finally, numerical simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OP‐IRL method.
A field guide to the proteomics of post‐translational modifications in DNA repair
Authors: Sanford Ethan James , Smolka Marcus Bustamante 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAll cells incur DNA damage from exogenous and endogenous sources and possess pathways to detect and repair DNA damage. Post‐translational modifications (PTMs), in the past 20 years, have risen to ineluctable importance in the study of the regulation of DNA repair mechanisms. For example, DNA damage response kinases are critical in both the initial sensing of DNA damage as well as in orchestrating downstream activities of DNA repair factors. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics revolutionized the study of the role of PTMs in the DNA damage response and has canonized PTMs as central modulators of nearly all aspects of DNA damage signaling and repair. This review provides a biologist‐friendly guide for the mass spectrometry analysis of PTMs in the context of DNA repair and DNA damage responses. We reflect on the current state of proteomics for exploring new mechanisms of PTM‐based regulation and outline a roadmap for designing PTM mapping experiments that focus on the DNA repair and DNA damage responses.
Comparative analysis of the germination of barley seeds subjected to drying, hydrogen peroxide, or oxidative air plasma treatments
Authors: Perea‐Brenes Alvaro , Gómez‐Ramírez Ana , López‐Santos Carmen , Oliva‐Ramírez Manuel , Molina Ricardo , Cotrino José , García José L. , Cantos Manuel , González‐Elipe Agustín R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAcceleration in germination time by 12–24 h for barley seeds treated with atmospheric air plasmas may have a significant economic impact on malting processes. In this study, the increase in germination rate and decrease in contamination level upon plasma treatment could not be directly correlated with any significant increase in the water uptake capacity, except for seeds exposed to mild drying treatment. A variety of germination essays have been carried out with seeds impregnated with an abscisic acid solution, a retarding factor of germination, treated with a peroxide solution, and/or subjected to the plasma and drying treatments. Results suggest that plasma and hydrogen peroxide treatments induce the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that affects the abscisic acid factor and accelerate the germination rate.