bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendritic cell differentiation and IL-12 production in peripheral blood of pediatric solid tumor patients
Authors: Yoshizawa Hiroko , Nishimura Katsuhiro , Harada Kazuaki , Takami Mariko , Terui Keita , Takenouchi Ayako , Komatsu Shugo , Oita Satoru , Motohashi Shinichiro , Hishiki Tomoro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) show limited or inhibited maturation in the tumor microenvironment. We previously reported that soluble factors released from neuroblastoma (NB) cells inhibit the differentiation of monocytes obtained from healthy adults into mature DCs. We herein investigated the inhibitory effect of NB-derived soluble factors on the maturation of monocytes obtained from children with malignant tumors towards DCs.
METHODS Blood samples were collected from 25 children with untreated malignant solid tumors and 30 children with non-neoplastic diseases (control group). Purified monocytes were cultured with GM-CSF/IL-4 and matured into DCs. DCs were cultured with supernatants of NB cell lines and evaluated for maturation by FACS and IL-12 production.
RESULTS Maturation toward DCs and IL-12 production were similarly observed in the malignant tumor group and the control group. DC maturation and IL-12 production were significantly suppressed in both groups when cultured with NB culture supernatant.
CONCLUSION Monocytes obtained from children with malignant tumors were capable of maturing into DCs, which functioned similarly to those from control cases. NB-derived soluble factors inhibited the DC maturation and the function of DCs equally, regardless of the patient's tumor burden. Our results suggest the non-specific and universal immunoinhibitory effect of NB-derived soluble factors.
Establishment of a risk stratification model based on the combination of post-treatment serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels and FIGO stage of cervical cancer for treatment and surveillance decision-making
Authors: Shi Liu , Liu Yuxin , Li Junyun , Kou Jia , Ouyang Yi , Chen Foping , Huang Xiaodan , Huo Lanqing , Huang Lin , Cao Xinping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To develop a risk stratification model based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging combined with squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) for the classification of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) into different risk groups.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the data of 664 women with stage IIA–IVB CSCC according to the 2018 FIGO staging system who received definitive radiotherapy from March 2013 to December 2017 at the department of radiation oncology of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Cutoff values for continuous variables were estimated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Using recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) modeling, overall survival was predicted based on the prognostic factors determined via Cox regression analysis. The predictive performance of the RPA model was assessed using the consistency index (C-index). Intergroup survival differences were determined and compared using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank test.
Results
Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified post-treatment SCC-Ag (< 1.35 ng/mL and > 1.35 ng/mL; hazard ratio (HR), 4.000; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.911–5.496; P < 0.0001) and FIGO stage (II, III, and IV; HR, 2.582, 95% CI, 1.947–3.426; P < 0.0001) as the independent outcome predictors for overall survival. The RPA model based on the above prognostic factors divided the patients into high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups. Significant differences in overall survival were observed among the three groups (5-year overall survival: low vs. intermediate vs. high, 91.3% vs. 76.7% vs. 29.5%, P < 0.0001). The predictive performance of the RPA model (C-index, 0.732; 95% CI, 0.701–0.763) was prominently superior to that of post-treatment SCC-Ag (C-index, 0.668; 95% CI, 0.635–0.702; P < 0.0001) and FIGO stage (C-index, 0.663; 95% CI, 0.631–0.695; P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The RPA model based on FIGO staging and post-treatment SCC-Ag can predict the overall survival of patients with CSCC, thereby providing a guide for the formulation of risk-adaptive treatment and individualized follow-up strategies.
Current and Future Characteristics of Land Use Based on FLUS Model - A Case Study of Foshan City, China
Authors: lihua chen , Ma Yuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Land use change drives the process of urban pattern change. The development of urbanization will lead to the reduction of ecological land and the disappearance of ecological defense. Foshan is such a typical city. It is important to reveal the characteristics of dynamic land use changes and predict the future land use pattern. In this study, land use transfer matrix, standard deviation ellipse model, and center of gravity model were applied. Three representative years, 2010, 2015 and 2020, are used to analyze the characteristics of land use type, quantity change, and center of gravity structure change in Foshan City. Then, based on the FLUS model and Markov model, the land use data for 2015 and 2020 and a series of driving factors were used to simulate the land use of Foshan City in 2025 in multiple scenarios. The results show that: (i) from the time scale, the study area from 2010 to 2020 shows a trend of continuous increase of construction land and continuous decrease of ecological land; the fragmentation of ecological lands such as cultivated land, forest land, and grassland in Foshan with the time change is serious, and urban land patches are obviously increased. (ii) From the spatial scale analysis, it is found that the center of gravity of construction land shifts to the east, the center of gravity of forest land shifts to the northwest, and the center of gravity of cultivated land shifts to the southeast, and the center of gravity of water shifts to the east. (iii) According to the results of the Foshan City 2025 land use simulation, the overall urban land use pattern shows an eastward "core-edge" growth pattern. This study provides a reference for the sustainable development and scientific and rational planning of land use in Foshan City.
Dosimetric comparison of deformable image registration and synthetic CT generation based on CBCT images for organs at risk in cervical cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Chang Yankui , Liang Yongguang , Yang Bo , Qiu Jie , Pei Xi , Xu Xie George 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective:
Anatomical variations existing in cervical cancer radiotherapy treatment can be monitored by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Deformable image registration (DIR) from planning CT (pCT) to CBCT images and synthetic CT (sCT) image generation based on CBCT are two methods for improving the quality of CBCT images. This study aims to compare the accuracy of these two approaches geometrically and dosimetrically in cervical cancer radiotherapy.
Methods:
In this study, 40 paired pCT-CBCT images were collected to evaluate the accuracy of DIR and sCT generation. The DIR method was based on a 3D multistage registration network that was trained with 150 paired pCT-CBCT images, and the sCT generation method was performed based on a 2D cycle-consistent adversarial network (CycleGAN) with 6000 paired pCT-CBCT slices for training. Then, the doses were recalculated with the CBCT, pCT, deformed pCT (dpCT) and sCT images by a GPU-based Monte Carlo dose code, ArcherQA, to obtain DoseCBCT, DosepCT, DosedpCT and DosesCT. Organs at risk (OARs) included small intestine, rectum, bladder, spinal cord, femoral heads and bone marrow, CBCT and pCT contours were delineated manually, dpCT contours were propagated through deformation vector fields, sCT contours were auto-segmented and corrected manually.
Results:
The global gamma pass rate of DosesCT and DosedpCT was 99.66% ± 0.34%, while that of DoseCBCT and DosedpCT was 85.92% ± 7.56% at the 1%/1 mm criterion and a low-dose threshold of 10%. Based on DosedpCT as uniform dose distribution, there were comparable errors in femoral heads and bone marrow for the dpCT and sCT contours compared with CBCT contours, while sCT contours had lower errors in small intestine, rectum, bladder and spinal cord, especially for those with large volume difference of pCT and CBCT.
Conclusions:
For cervical cancer radiotherapy, the DIR method and sCT generation could produce similar precise dose distributions, but sCT contours had higher accuracy when the difference in planning CT and CBCT was large.
Improved Diagnosis of Capsule in Hepatocallular Carcinoma by Adding Nonenhancing Capsule to Enhancing Capsule in Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI
Authors: Nishioka Eiko , Sofue Keitaro , Maruyama Koji , Ueshima Eisuke , Ueno Yoshiko , Tsurusaki Masakatsu , Komatsu Shohei , Fukumoto Takumi , Murakami Takamichi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To assess the value of nonenhancing capsule by adding to enhancing capsule in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) in comparison with contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One-hundred fifty-one patients with HCC who underwent both CE-CT and EOB-MRI were retrospectively reviewed. Liver Imaging-Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 imaging features, including enhancing and nonenhancing capsule were evaluated by two readers in CE-CT and EOB-MRI. Frequencies of each imaging feature were compared between CE-CT and EOB-MRI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve for the diagnosis of histological capsule was compared across the following three imaging criteria: (1) enhancing capsule in CE-CT, (2) enhancing capsule in EOB-MRI, and (3) enhancing/nonenhancing capsule in EOB-MRI. Enhancing capsule in EOB-MRI was significantly less frequently depicted than that in CE-CT (p = < 0.001–0.016). Enhancing/nonenhancing capsule in EOB-MRI achieved a similar frequency of enhancing in CE-CT (p = 0.465–0.590). Adding nonenhancing capsule to enhancing capsule in EOB-MRI significantly increased AUCs (p < 0.001) and achieved similar AUCs compared with enhancing capsule in CE-CT (p = 0.470–0.666) in both readers. Adding nonenhancing capsule to the definition of capsule appearance can improve the diagnosis of capsule in EOB-MRI and decrease discordance of capsule appearance between EOB-MRI and CE-CT.
An optimized inversion method for in-situ stresses based on Rhino accurate modeling and large-scale transverse isotropic theory
Authors: Song Weihua , Jiao Huice , Xu Xiaotian , He Ping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In-situ stresses are significantly important for underground mining geotechnical design and coal seam gas management in underground coal mines. The past research always assumed an isotropic elastomer in the rock mass so that they could propose multivariate linear regression to predict the in-situ stresses. However, such a method normally led to a huge error if some extreme ground conditions presented such as massive bedding structures and frequent variations in the dip angles of discontinuities. The Guodishan fault area has complex geological conditions. In order to study the distribution characteristics of regional geostress field, this paper established an accurate 3D geological model of the area near the Guodishan fault by Rhino. Combined with the idea of large-scale transverse isotropy, we successfully extrapolated the original in-situ stress near the fault by using finite difference software, and determined the relationship between the gas hazard of coal seam in the fault and the in-situ stress. It was found that the 3D model development in Rhino could increase the accuracy of the geological conditions so that the accuracy of the in-situ stress inversion can be improved consequently. Based on the transverse isotropic modelling methods for numerical calculations, a more accurate in-situ stresses field could be obtained. The coal seam F16-17 at the foot wall of the fault has a K ratio greater than one indicating a significant influence of the fault structures on the in-situ stresses distribution. Between levels − 300m and − 900m, the seam at the hanging wall area of the fault is deeper than seam at the foot wall area leading the original in-situ stress at hanging wall as much as 1.69 times that at the footwall. This would pose a greater gas risk in the hanging wall area than the foot wall area. The area close to the fault has a higher stress gradient which might lead to a higher risk of hazards.
The Clinical Application of Optimized AT(N) Classification in Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome (ACS) and non-ACS Conditions
Authors: Kasuga Kensaku , Tsukie Tamao , Kikuchi Masataka , Tokutake Takayoshi , Washiyama Kazuo , Simizu Soichiro , Yoshizawa Hiroshi , Kuroha Yasuko , Yajima Ryuji , Mori Hiroshi , Arakawa Yasuaki , Onda Kiyoshi , Miyashita Akinori , Onodera Osamu , Iwatsubo Takeshi , Ikeuchi Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflect the pathological process underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and improve the accuracy of AD diagnosis. AT(N) classification using these CSF biomarkers was applied to define AD continuum in the research framework. However, there has been little research into the utility of AT(N) classification in clinical practice.
Methods
We measured the CSF levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) 42, Aβ40, phosphorylated tau, total tau (tTau), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in samples from 640 clinical cases, comprising 230 patients with Alzheimer’s clinical syndrome (ACS) and 410 patients with non-ACS. The concordance between two A-markers (i.e., Aβ42 alone and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio) and the two N-markers (i.e., tTau and NfL) were analyzed. We evaluated the prevalence of biological AD and the frequency of each AT(N) category in the ACS and non-ACS samples.
Results
The concordance of A-markers was not significantly different between the ACS (87.4%) and non-ACS (73.2%) groups. However, the frequency of discordant cases with AAβ42−alone+/AAβ−ratio− was significantly higher in the non-ACS (24.9%) than in the ACS group (7.4%). The concordance of N-markers was 40.4% in the ACS group and 27.1% in the non-ACS group. In the ACS samples, the frequency of biological AD (i.e., A + T+) in Ntau+ cases was 95% while that in NNfL+ cases was 65%. When Aβ42 was used as the A-marker, the proportion of biological AD was 60.4% in the ACS and 22.7% in the non-ACS group. When the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was used as the A-marker, the proportion of biological AD was 64.3% in ACS samples and 22.2% in non-ACS samples. Notably, the proportion of AD continuum in the non-ACS group was substantially different between using the Aβ42 alone and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio as an A-marker.
Conclusions
Although the AT(N) classification was intended for use in research, it may also be useful for clinical diagnosis. As an A-marker, the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio reflects Aβ deposition more accurately than Aβ42 alone. As an N-marker, NfL reflects neurodegeneration more accurately than tTau, particularly in non-ACS patients. Thus, we recommend the use of AT(N) classification defined by CSF AAβ−ratioTNNfL in clinical practice.
FATMLPGS: Design of a Fault-Aware Trust Establishment Model for Low-Power IoT deployments via Generic lightweight Sidechains
Authors: Choudhary Ashutosh Kumar , Rahamatkar Surendra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Networks connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) are constantly under attack from a wide range of adversaries, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DoS), Grey Hole (GH), Sybil, Masquerading, Spoofing, Man in the Middle, etc. The network may be under attack from adversaries on the inside or the outside, which lowers the QoS performance (Quality of Service) in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, energy use, and other metrics. Researchers have proposed a number of security & privacy preservation mechanisms to counter these attacks, and each one differs in terms of computational complexity and security levels. The immutability, traceability, transparency, and distributed nature of blockchain-based models make them among these mechanisms highly effective in terms of security performance. These models are not suitable for large-scale IoT Network deployments because the QoS performance of these models is highly reliant on the length of the blockchain. Researchers have suggested sidechaining techniques as a way to get around this restriction because they help to increase QoS performance while still being highly secure. Machine Learning Methods are needed to determine when to split or merge the chains when designing sidechaining models because they are so complex. For low-power IoT networks, these models are therefore useless. This text suggests a lightweight Multiple Objective Grey Wolf Optimization (MGWO) Model that aids in initial route establishment by choosing high-trust nodes, reducing power consumption during sidechaining and incorporating fault-aware trust establishment. The number of pieces the blockchain must be divided into in order to maintain high QoS performance is also determined by the MGWO Model. In order to help the MGWO Model incrementally train to detect network faults, the model also includes a lightweight Q-Learning layer. An Intrinsic Genetic Algorithm (IGA) that is stochastically modelled and activated by the MGWO Model based on the network's progressing QoS performance in various communication scenarios controls the fault identification process. The proposed model can mitigate attacks such as Sybil, Masquerading, Grey Hole, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), and Man in the Middle (MITM) thanks to integration of Q-Learning with MGWO & IGA. The proposed model was found to be able to maintain high QoS even when under attack, which helps to increase the efficiency of its real-time deployment. When compared to different state-of-the-art techniques, the proposed model was found to have 15.9% better energy efficiency, 10.6% better throughput, 8.3% faster communication speed, and 0.8% higher packet delivery performance under different scenarios.
Development of nano-NiFe2O4 decorated carbon nanotube-based electrodes for the detection of azathioprine by electrochemical method
Authors: Emre Fatma Bilge , Özcan İmren , Aslan Gizem , Köytepe Süleyman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, NiFe2O4 decorated multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based electrodes were developed for the determination of azathioprine, which are used to prevent rejection in immunosuppressive Rheumatoid arthritis, polyangiitis granulomatosis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus and kidney transplants. In this electrode structure, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles with MWCNT were added to increase the efficiency of the bare glass carbon electrode (GCE). Modified electrode structures were obtained by coating the obtained MWCNT-NiFe2O4 structures on the GCE. Azathioprine sensitivity of the obtained electrode was confirmed by experimental and theoretical calculations. In addition, the NiFe2O4 size distribution and morphology on the electrode surface were investigated by theoretical calculations. The chemical structure of the prepared modified electrodes was examined by FTIR, X-ray, and EDX techniques. Surface morphology and surface roughness were investigated in detail by SEM techniques. The prepared nanoparticle-loaded carbon-based electrodes exhibited good reproducibility, wide linear range, and selectivity for Azathioprine determination. It is thought that such carbon-based structures may increase the selectivity and sensitivity, especially in the determination of azathioprine in body fluids such as blood.
Successful surgical management of an aggressive IgG4- related sclerosing esophageal inflammatory pseudotumor: a case report and review of literature
Authors: NGUYEN Hoang , PHAM Duc Huan , LUONG Tuan Hiep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the esophagus is a very rare benign lesions which clinical presentation is not clear and difficult to make a definitive diagnosis preoperatively.
Case presentation
In this study, we presented a case of a 24-year-old female with signs of severe malnutrition state due to dysphagia increasing gradually and losing 10kg in weight for 2 months. Comprehensive preoperative radiologic investigations were proceeded with a circumferential severe stricture caused smooth submucosal swelling in the esophagus under 23 cm from the upper dental arch and two times of negative autopsy. Due to the aggressive clinical symptoms and gross lesion characteristics, the patient underwent laparoscopic-thoracoscopic esophagectomy with a gastric tube. Histopathological examination showed that the squamous epithelium of the esophagus had a small, benign nucleus, the submucosal layer and the smooth muscle layer increased fibrous, with infiltrating many lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. Immunohistochemical staining was negative for CD68, CD34, Desmin and ALK markers, and there was an increase in the number of IgG4-positive plasma cells. The final diagnosis was an aggressive IgG4-related sclerosing esophageal inflammatory pseudotumor.
Conclusions
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the esophagus is an extremely rare benign lesion but could led to aggressive clinical presentation. The gold standard of diagnosis is histopathological examination of surgically removed specimens. Radical resection is still the most efficient treatment method.
A Method of Analysis of Asafoetida Marketed Samples for its Umbelliferone Content
Authors: Kamble Kranti , Laddha Kirti 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, qualitative and quantitative assessment of high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and HPLC technique for fingerprinting Umbelliferone (UMB) from a marketed compound of Asafoetida was developed. Its characterization was illustrated by chromatography. Asafoetida is undoubtedly the market's most adulterated product. The method showed good resolution of the umbelliferone compound characteristic in all four marketed samples as additional references. HPTLC fingerprints of the umbelliferone in Hing showed chemical purity with small qualitatively observed differences in the intensities of the Umbelliferone zones when compared with standard UMB. Quantification of these compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed significant differences in total UMB content among the marketed samples. Analysis of UMB content also revealed a significant approach for one of the best methods of standardization of asafoetida. The described characterizations will prove useful in the authentication of Asafoetida.