bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on Latin American anesthesiologists. Observational study
Authors: Calabrese Gustavo 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic changed the world, causing a global impact on economic, social and public health aspects. This public health situation alerted the international community of anesthesiologists because of the high occupational hazards due to the frequent exposure to patients with COVID-19.
Objective. To identify the impact of this pandemic on Latin American anesthesiologists - in a setting with shortage of vaccines – identifying the professionals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and demises, and their geographical distribution.
Methods. An observational study was conducted in Latin American anesthesiologists infected SARS-CoV-2 between March and December 2020. The data was collected from the societies, associations and federations members of the Latin American Confederation of Anesthesia Societies in March 2021.
Results. 2,170 anesthesiologists infected with SARS-CoV-2 were identified. Of these, 1,550 were from South America and 620 cases were from Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean. Among the 2,170 anesthesiologists infected with SARS-CoV-2, 165 deaths were reported in Latin America, with a mean age of 58 years; 79% were males and the mortality rate was 7.6%.
Conclusions. COVID-19 is an emerging disease with significant impact on the population of anesthesiologists. The reports from the societies, associations and federations members of the Latin American Confederation of Anesthesia Societies show the impact in terms of infection and number of deaths associated with the pandemic.
Interrogating Radical Theatre and Social Injustice in Sam Ukala’s Break a Boil
Authors: EKWUEME OBIORAH , Nwafor Chidera 
Published: May 2022

The Judicial system in Nigeria, from the local to the federal level, needs to experience radicalism because perverted justice is gradually becoming the new order of the day. Radicalism is one phenomenon that has remained prominent across ages because it continues to take one form or the other in shaping the realities prevalent in any given generation. A radical artist is an aggressive personality because he/she boils with a burning passion for bringing some degree of change to a given society. He/she employs the most viable means available to make this dream come true no matter what it takes. Due to the strong positions artists occupy in our society today, revolutionaries among them activate their role as social critics, commentators, and changers to speak the language of radicalism through art. In its unusual approach, this paper tends to evaluate the role of some of such artists in contemporary African society with emphasis on Nigeria. This qualitative study draws its framework from the radical theatre aesthetics embedded in creative masterpieces with the ideology of motivating contemporary African artists to join in the crusade of using the surest means in bringing the desired change to our immediate society. This study, therefore, limits its scope to Sam Ukala’s Break a Boil as a revolutionary masterpiece, as it portrays the creative artist as one of the revolutionary artists of our time.
Analisis Elastisitas Pajak Daerah Di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Urip Transna Putra 
Published: May 2022

Didalam pelaksanaan pembangunan daerah, pemerintah daerah membutuhkan dana guna membiayai pembangunan tersebut, sehingga pemerintah daerah dalam melaksanakan pembangunan berfungsi sebagai penyedia pelayanan publik, pemerintah juga berkewajiban untuk meningkatkan penerimaan daerahnya melalui pungutan yang dilakukan terhadap masyarakat. Salah satu sumber Pendapatan asli daerah adalah Pajak Daerah. Penelitian ini melihat “bagaimana pertumbuhan dan kontribusi tiap jenis pajak daerah terhadap pajak daerah, bagaimana elastisitas pajak daerah terhadap perkembangan PDRB dan Pajak Daerah mana yang merupakan pajak unggulan di Kota Jayapura ?”.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jenis Pajak Daerah yang memiliki kontribusi diatas rata-rata adalah pajak Hotel , Pajak Restoran dan Pajak penerangan Jalan umum. Sedangkan Pajak daerah yang pertumbuhannya diatas rata-rata adalah Pajak Hotel, Restoran, Pajak Hiburan, Pajak Reklame, Pajak Pengambilan & Pengolahan Bahan Galian C dan Pajak Parkir. Adapun Jenis Pajak Daerah yang sifat elastisitasnya Elastis (E>1) adalah Pajak Pajak Hotel, Restoran, Pajak Hiburan, Pajak Reklame, Pajak Pengambilan & Pengolahan Bahan Galian C dan Pajak Parkir. Berdasarkan Kriteria Skor Kontribusi ≥ 1 dan nilai elastisitas > 1 maka Pajak Unggulan di Kota Jayapura adalah Pajak Hotel dan Pajak RestoranKata Kunci : Kontribusi, Pertumbuhan, Elastisitas Unggulan, Pajak Daerah.
Analisis Potensi Dan Efektifitas Pajak Mineral Non Logam Dan Batuan Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Di Kabupaten Jayapura
Authors: Siahaya Selvina F. , Subyantoro Kuwat , Bisai Charley M. 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Jayapura, Provinsi Papua pada tahun 2014. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya potensi dan efektifitas penerimaan pajak mineral non logam dan batuan di Kabupaten Jayapura, khususnya untuk komoditi pasir, batu kali/gunung, ciping/kerikil, tanah dan sirtu yang merupakan bahan mineral non logam dan batuan yang dikelola oleh Kabupaten Jayapura. Dalam penentuan target penerimaan yang selama ini diterapkan dirasakan tidak mencerminkan kondisinyata di lapangan. Penentuan potensi penerimaan dalam penelitian ini telah mempertimbangkan jumlah pengusaha yang memiliki IUP, kemampuan produksi setiap hari dan pengenaan pajak yang telah sesuai dengan harga standar komoditi dan tariff pajak yang berlaku, sehingga potensi penerimaan pajak yang diperoleh dapat mencerminkan kondisi nyata dilapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan selama tahun yang diteliti terdapat perbedaan diantara potensi penerimaan dengan target yang ditetapkan selama ini.Kata Kunci : Potensi dan Efektifitas, Pajak Mineral Non Logam dan Batuan, PAD
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Dalam Penggunaan Dana APBN Dan DAK Di Kabupaten Jayawijaya Tahun Anggaran 2012 – 2014
Authors: Indahyani Rachmaeny 
Published: May 2022

This study generally aims to analisys implementation and recommendation policy for alocation budget APBN and DAK TA 2012 – 2014 in Jayawijaya City. More specific, the objectives are: (a) determine and analyze planning programing alocation budget APBN and DAK TA 2012 – 2014 in Jayawijaya City, (b) identify and analyze Implementation alocation budget APBN and DAK TA 2012 – 2014 in Jayawijaya and c) Recommendation budgeting policy for future planning budgeting.Keywords: Planing Programming, Implementation Programming, Monitoring and Evaluation, Recommendation Budgeting Policy
Kajian Strategis Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja PDAM Kota Jayapura
Authors: Ratang Sarlota A. 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini menganalisis strategi dalam meningkatkan kinerja PDAM di Kota Jayapura. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September hingga Nopember 2015, yang meliputi kegiatan pengumpulan data dan literatur, pengolahan data, analisis data, hingga penulisan laporan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang akan ditempuh dalam meningkatkan kontribusi terhadap PAD Kota Jayapura, baik dilihat dari kinerja keuangan, kinerja Operasional dan kinerja administrasi, yaitu: (1). Strategi Bagi kinerja keuangan PDAM Kota jayapura: Mengikuti program penghapusan hutang luar negeri, Penentuan tarif diserahkan sepenuhnya pada Direksi PDAM, Meningkatkan pemasaran sambungan baru, Mencari mitra pihak ketiga dalam penjualan air, Bermitra dengan pihak ketiga. (2). Strategi bagi kinerja Operasional PDAM Kota Jayapura: Melakukan loby pada pemilik (Bupati/ Pemkab, Pemrov dan istansi terkait untuk penambangan jaringan). Meningkatkan pemasaran untuk optimalisasi kapasitas terpasang yang tersisa, Melakukan pemutahiran data kelompok pelanggan dan peneraan meter air, Pemasangan bercode diseluruh pelanggan dan pembacaan meter air dengan aplikasi android. (2).Strategi bagi kinerja Administrasi PDAM Kota Jayapura: Pelaksanaan Corporate Plan, Organisasi dan Uraian Baru, SOP dan Gambar Nyata Laksana , sepenuhnya dengan konsultasi dengan Pemda, Administrasi mengacu pada SOP dan dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti perkembangan teknologi, Koordinasi dengan instansi terkait untuk melengkapi dokumen-dokumen pelaksanaan pekerjaan (asset)Kata Kunci: Strategi, Kinerja, PDAM, Kabupaten Jayapura
Analisis Pengaruh Keterlambatan Penyusunan Dan Penetapan APBD Terhadap Penyerapan Anggaran SKPD Di Kabupaten Boven Digoel Tahun Anggaran 2014
Authors: Renyut Serafiadita Devota Fridatama , Urip Transna Putra , Marbun Robert M. WST. 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor Keterlambatan Penyusunan dan Penetapan APBD (Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain Faktor SDM, Hubungan Eksekutif-Legislatif, Regulasi, indicator Kinerja dan Penetapan APBD) yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penyerapan anggaran SKPD T.A 2014 serta Upaya Pemerintah Daerah mengatasi Keterlambatan Penyusunan APBD. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data primer bersumber dari kuesioner. Objek penelitian adalah SKPD yang ada di Kabupaten Boven Digoel. Metode analisis data berupa Uji Regresi Berganda dan Analisis Deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari kelima factor keterlambatan penyusunan APBD hanya factor SDM dan Penetapan APBD yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap Penyerapan Anggaran. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan masing-masing nilai signifikan sebesar 0,04 dan 0,05. Secara keseluruhan perubahan Penyerapan Anggaran dapat dijelaskan factor-fakror tersebut sebesar 76,8% dan sisanya diluar model. Untuk mengatasi masalah keterlambatan penyusunan maka Pemerintah Daerah melakukan upaya sosialisasi pihak Bappeda dan pelatihan bendahara SKPD, Pergantian Kepala Bappeda serta menggunakan sistem Keuangan SIMDA.Kata Kunci : Sumber Daya Manusia, Hubungan Eksekutif dan Legislatif, Regulasi, Indikator Kinerja, Penetapan APBD, Penyerapan Anggaran
From the Editor's Desk
Authors: Muniak Charles 
Published: May 2022

In the TBD column in this issue, Charlie Hoes proposes some important initiatives for the ISSS:

Create a high-level system safety standard owned and maintained by the International System Safety Society.
Assist universities with integrating system safety concepts into their engineering curriculum. This activity will create engineers and managers who are familiar with system safety practices but is not intended to “create” system safety engineers.
Provide consistent, high-quality system safety training and education for system safety engineers and managers.
Develop a method for certifying safety engineers and managers.

Members of the International System Safety Society (ISSS) will have an opportunity to participate in discussions of these - and related - initiatives at the Society’s upcoming International System Safety Conference (ISSC) this August in a forum setting.
System Safety in Healthcare
Authors: Raheja Dev 
Published: May 2022

Laparoscopic robotic surgeries allow surgeons to make much smaller incisions than those used in traditional surgeries. When surgeons insert special instruments through small cuts in a patient’s body, they can use a video monitor and laparoscope (a tiny video camera) to view what’s happening inside the body and perform the operation. Using these instruments, the surgeon doesn’t have to manually reach into the patient, leading to a minimally invasive experience. Surgeons can make several small cuts instead of one large cut, each typically no more than a half-inch long.
Yet laparoscopic surgeries are not without risk. Even highly used surgical robots, such as the da Vinci robot, have had their share of issues. Complications can occur due to the patient’s condition and the type of surgery being performed.
Virtual Button and Graphical Interface System Safety Evaluation using System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA)
Authors: Johnston Jesse , Vernacchia Mark 
Published: May 2022

System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is an extremely valuable methodology, especially when used early in a system’s concept phase, for effective and efficient development of safety requirements that address potential safety issues associated with human machine interactions.
This paper outlines how STPA can be used to explore potential safety concerns associated with interactions between human operators and virtual buttons within graphical interfaces across the planned operational scenarios and expected system behaviors. Appropriately validated system safety requirements can be developed based on this exploratory effort.
The paper shows how STPA includes drivers and operators as system elements within the control structure where these humans are expected to interact with a “system/feature of interest” by means of virtual buttons presented in a graphical interface. The inclusion of humans as elements of the control structure enables a representation of the human as a “human controller” and, as such, enables STPA evaluation techniques to be applied to them just as these techniques would be applied to any “control” element in a control structure.
Workflow between ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 Standards for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Madala Kaushik , Avalos-Gonzalez Carlos , Krithivasan Gokul 
Published: May 2022

Assuring safety is important in autonomous vehicles. The safety related to autonomous vehicles can be primarily viewed from two perspectives: the functional safety (FuSa) perspective and the safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) perspective. While FuSa ensures the system has an acceptable risk with respect to malfunctions of electrical and electronic components, SOTIF ensures the system has an acceptable risk with respect to functional insufficiencies and performance limitations.
ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 are the state-of-the-art international standards used to ensure compliance with FuSa and SOTIF for autonomous automotive systems, respectively. The ISO 21448 standard mentions the need for alignment of ISO 26262 activities with the ISO 21448 activities and describes the mapping at a very high level. However, given the iterative nature of SOTIF activities in ISO 21448, the workflow between the two standards is not a direct one-toone mapping. Hence, we need a clear understanding how we can align ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 activities, and on how analysis done in one standard can impact the other.
To achieve this, in this paper we propose a detailed workflow between ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 standards. We discuss guidelines on how to find if a change to design due to SOTIF modification can affect FuSa analysis and vice versa. We also discuss the aspects we need to consider for agile development when we want to ensure the system being
New System Safety Process for New Business Opportunities
Authors: Vernacchia Mark 
Published: May 2022

This paper outlines an approach to developing and implementing a systems safety process for new business applications in industries without existing system safety processes. It describes the desired characteristics of such a process and extends the discussion to include the basic needs and content of any systems safety process in general.
New business applications are being created every day, and safety must be considered in these endeavors. This paper explores how to determine if such applications warrant a system safety process so that potential risk is identi-fied and appropriate prevention, detection, and mitigation content and capabilities are designed, developed, implemented, tested and verified prior to the application deliverable being placed into customer hands.
The role of management in determining what is unacceptable risk and how risk is allocated between participating business and customer entities is also discussed. In this paper, “system” is used as a generic term for the product the company plans to deliver.
Review of the genus Caucaseuma Strasser, 1970, with the description of a new cavernicolous species from the Western Caucasus and an updated key and distribution (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Anthroleucosomatidae)
Authors: Antić Dragan , Makarov Slobodan 
Published: May 2022

A new species of the genus Caucaseuma Strasser, 1970, Caucaseuma strasseri Antić sp. nov., is described from a cave in the Western Caucasus, representing the eighth species of the genus, and the fourth presumed troglobiontic Caucaseuma. An updated key to and a distribution map of all eight species of Caucaseuma is presented, including new records. In addition, the cave millipede fauna of the Caucasus is briefly discussed, with the inclusion of the most relevant references.
Discussion club of the journal "Historical Informatics": discussion of the book "Information. Historical Companion"
Authors: Volodin Andrey 
Published: May 2022

This article describes the continuation of the initiative of the editorial board of the journal "Historical Informatics" вЂ“ a discussion club in which researchers can make reviews of current publications related to the field of interests of historical informatics. The article considers the "main character" of the next online meeting of the discussion club - the collective monograph "Information. Historical Companion" ("Information. A Historical CompanionвЂќ). Recently, there has been an obvious interest in the interpretation of the concept of "information" in historiography, including in the historical context. Various dictionaries, anthologies and monographs on the "history of information" are becoming frequent novelties of leading international publishers. В The authors of the book "Information. Historical Companion" call their work the first in which such issues are considered comprehensively and in detail, with an attempt to trace global changes in information practices and technologies, although such an optimistic author's self-assessment can be doubted. The main structural elements of the collective monograph-dictionary are considered. The approach chosen by the authors is analyzed in the context of current historiography and various, sometimes competing definitions of the concept of information. L.I.Borodkin, I.M.Garskova, Yu.Yu.Yumasheva, D.S.Voronkova took part in the discussion club meeting, A.Y.Volodin moderated the discussion.
An Economic Analysis of Okra Marketing in Siddipet District of Telangana
Authors: Sai K. Sruthi , Baba Md. Ali , Kumari R. Vijaya 
Published: May 2022

Aim: The present study aims to analyse the marketing pattern of okra in Siddipet district of Telangana state.
Study Design: Only primary data was used for carrying out the study and it pertained to the kharif season of the agricultural year 2019-20. 3 mandals were purposively selected from Siddipet district and from each mandal 2 villages were selected, thus making a total of 6 villages. From each village, 9 okra growers were randomly chosen to collect the primary data through personal interview. In addition, a sample of 7 wholesalers, 7 commission agents, 13 retailers were also chosen randomly for obtaining the data required for carrying out the present study.
Methodology: Marketing costs, margins, producer’s net price, producer’s share in consumer’s rupee, price spread and marketing efficiency were computed to analyze the data.
Results: Three channels were found for the marketing of the produce viz., Channel 1 (Producer – Consumer), Channel 2 (Producer – Retailer – Consumer) and Channel 3 (Producer – Commission agent – Wholesaler – Retailer – Consumer). Among the various identified channels, Channel 1 was found to be the efficient one with the highest marketing efficiency index of 21.22 followed by channel 2 and channel 3 with indices of 3.18 and 1.08 respectively.
Conclusion: Reduction in the number of market intermediaries between producer and consumer could improve the efficiency of marketing of okra.
Geospatial Assessment of Land Cover Dynamics in the Guinea Savannah Ecological Zone
Authors: Ideki O. , Weli V. E. 
Published: May 2022

An attempt is made in this study to examine the geospatial analysis of land cover/ land use changes between 2000- 2016 in the North Central region including the Federal Capital Territory Abuja. Multispectral satellite images of Landsat 7 ETM and 8 OLI/TIRS of 2000, 2008 and 2016 with three land-use types were identified and analysed using Geographic Information System ArcGIS 10.5 software. The land-use types are Urban representing the built-up area, Vegetation and water bodies. The area of each land use type per year was calculated and the result was used to compute land-use change and percentage change in square kilometres. The outcome of the analysis reveals that built-up area (Urban) land use increase from 10.64% in 2000 to 22.44% in 2008 and later 29.01% in 2016 while Vegetation reduced from 84.99% in 2000 to 73.24.% in 2008 and 62 .74% in 2016. In the same vein, water bodies which stood at 4.37% in 2000 reduced to 4.32% in 2008 before declining again in 2016 to 4.27% respectively. The results have therefore highlighted the nexus between climate change and resource depletion and further provided valuable information for a robust assessment of the changes in vegetal resources of the study area over time. The study recommends sustainable forest resource management, vegetation monitoring and promulgation of vegetation control laws to improve the vegetation cover of the study area.
A Comparative Study in Hematological Parameters between First Wave Vs Second wave in ICU and non- ICU COVID-19 Patients in India
Authors: Chander U. Sunderesh Kamal , Vanishree M. , Sulochana Sonti , Yogalakshmi E. 
Published: May 2022

Aim: This study aims to determine similarities and differences in haematological parameters between the patients from two waves of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection at the time of hospital admission and identify risk biomarkers of COVID19 severity.
Study Design: A retrospective study.
Place of Study: The study was carried out in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India.
Methodology: A total of 300 patients with COVID-19 infection, consisting of 150 patients from the first wave (April to June 2020) and 150 patients from the second wave (March to May, 20) were considered for this study. The hematological parameters of the patients were examined. Of the sample population from the first wave, 131 were admitted to the non-intensive care unit, and 19 were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Of the sample population selected from the second wave, 101 were admitted to the non-intensive care unit and 49 were admitted to the intensive care unit. Statistical analysis of the data for both waves was carried out, and relevant findings were presented.
Results: Haematological parameters data were compared between the COVID19 positive patients admitted to ICU and non- ICU across both infection waves. On gender distribution, males were more than females in both waves. Degree of freedom analyses revealed an association of hematological parameters with the subsequent illness progression and severity in both the waves.
Conclusion: Our study showed that the severity of the disease was more in the second wave, especially among ICU patients than in the first wave. The majority of the infected patients were males in both waves. However, the presence of comorbidities, immune response, the severity of the infection, and other risk factors determines the progression of the disease.