bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to the Nordic Diet and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in a Non-Nordic Population: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Estaki Saghar , Yadegari Anahita , Golzarand Mahdieh , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although both observational and interventional studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of the Nordic diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, the association between adherence to this diet and CVD incidents is unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the Nordic diet and the risk of CVD events in non-Nordic adults.
Methods
In the present cohort study, 2918 participants from the third wave of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were included. All the participants who were free of CVD at baseline were followed up for 10.6 years. The Nordic diet score was assessed by applying a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Patients’ medical records were used to evaluate cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and CVD-related mortality.
Results
During a median follow-up of 10.6 years, 203 subjects experienced cardiovascular events. Participants in the third and fourth quartiles of the Nordic diet had a 46% (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.93) and 58% (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.62) lower risk of CVD than those in the lowest quartile. Among components of the Nordic diet, each score increase in cereals was associated with a 24% (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.87), low-fat milk with a 23% (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.87), and fish with a 22% (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.89) lower risk of CVD.
Conclusion
We found high adherence to the Nordic diet might be beneficial in the prevention of cardiovascular events in the non-Nordic community. The main components of the Nordic diet that indicated an inverse relationship with CVD were cereals, fish, and low-fat milk.
Similarity of shallow and deep earthquakes in seismic moment release
Authors: Cui Xin , Li Zefeng , Hu Yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The occurrence of earthquakes at depths greater than 60 km is an enigma in earthquake science, as rocks at greater depths are anticipated to be ductile. Over the past decades, seismologists have reported a variety of rupture characteristics that are distinguishable among shallow (0–60 km), intermediate-depth (60–300 km) and deep-focus (300–700 km) earthquakes. However, their underlying physical mechanisms remain enigmatic. Using machine learning, we show that the previously observed differences in earthquake moment release processes are caused by the Earth’s depth-dependent elastic properties. Despite the presentation of medium rigidity, earthquakes with different generation mechanisms unanimously have similar moment release processes. Our results support a constant strain drop hypothesis, that is, the ratio of coseismic slip to the characteristic rupture length remains largely unchanged for earthquakes at all depths and mechanisms. This finding contests the conventional stress drop hypothesis, leading to a revised definition of earthquake self-similarity. In particular, the moment release invariant property predicts distinct depth- and rigidity-dependencies of critical earthquake parameters, such as rupture duration, geometric scale, and stress drop. These results have broad implications for understanding earthquake physics and assessing seismic hazards.
Land subsidence prediction model based on its influencing factors and machine learning methods
Authors: li fengkai , Liu Guolin , Tao Qiuxiang , Zhai Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Land subsidence has caused huge economic losses in the Beijing plains (BP) since 1980s. Building land subsidence prediction models that can predict the development of land subsidence is of great significance for improving the safety of cities and reducing economic losses in Eastern Beijing plains. The pattern of evolution of land subsidence is affected by many factors including groundwater level in different aquifers, thicknesses of compressible layers, and static and dynamic loads caused by urban construction. First, we used the small baseline subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technology on 47 ENVISAT ASAR images and 48 RADARSAT‐2 images and used Persistent Scatterers Interferometric Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) technology on 27 Sentinel-1 images to obtain the land subsidence monitoring results from June 2003 to September 2018. Second, the accuracy of the InSAR monitoring results were validated by using leveling benchmark land subsidence monitoring results. Finally, we built land subsidence rate prediction models and land subsidence gradient prediction models by combining land subsidence influencing factors and four machine learning methods including support vector machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Random forest (RF) and Extremely Randomized Trees (ERT). The findings show: (1) The InSAR monitoring results revealed that the maximum land subsidence rate reached − 110.7 mm/year, -144.4 mm/year and − 136.8 mm/year during the 2003–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2018 periods, respectively. (2): The InSAR monitoring results agreed well with the leveling benchmark monitoring results with the Pearson correlation coefficients of two monitoring results were 0.97, 0.96 and 0.95 during the 2003–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2018 periods, respectively. (3): We found that the land subsidence prediction based on ERT method is the optimal model among four land subsidence prediction models and that the prediction performance of land subsidence prediction model based on ERT method will be greatly improved when apply this prediction model in sub study areas where the land subsidence mechanism is similar owning to the similar hydrogeological parameters.
Landscape composition influences colony growth in the tropical Asian stingless bees (Tetragonula fuscobalteata)
Authors: Wayo Kanuengnit , Leonhardt Sara D. , Chuttong Bajaree , Chelong Isma-ae , Bumrungsri Sara 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Context
Pollination is an important ecosystem service for both crop and wild plants. In recent decades, many pollinators have been experiencing population declines due to land-use changes and intensified agriculture. However, effects of anthropogenic landscapes on bee pollinators in the tropics are still little investigated.
Objectives
We analyzed the effects of landscape composition on the colony weight as well as foraging activity and patterns of the tropical Asian stingless bee species Tetragonala fuscobalteata which is a vital generalist pollinator in Southeast Asia.
Methods
Twenty-eight colonies were established and monitored over a year in 19 mixed fruit orchards located along a gradient of human land-use intensity.
Results
Our results revealed that the colonies gained weight and increased their foraging activity over time across diverse landscapes including forest, agricultural, and urbanized areas, indicating that this bee species can well adapt to anthropogenic landscapes. Interestingly, T. fuscobalteata colonies also gained weight rapidly in orchards located in predominately agricultural landscapes with e.g. high proportions of rubber and oil palm plantations as well as in fruit orchards (such as rambutan, durian, coconut, banana). This positive effect was possibly due to mass flowering crops providing abundant resources, i.e., pollen and nectar, for a limited time. We also show that T. fuscobalteata foragers could rely on urbanized land (probably ornamental plants and some crops in home gardens and backyards) and wild plants in surrounding forest patches during non-flowering periods of crops.
Conclusions
Our findings thus indicate that the combined floral resource availability provided by heterogeneous anthropogenic landscapes, including agricultural fields, urbanized areas and forests, can sustain generalist pollinators.
The significance of structural stigma towards transgender people in health care encounters across Europe: Health care access, gender identity disclosure and discrimination in health care as a function of national legislation and public attitudes
Authors: Falck Felicitas , Bränström Richard 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
According to the minority stress theory, stigma affects the health of marginalized populations. Previous stigma research has focused on the health effects of individual and interpersonal stigma, paying less attention to structural factors. Laws on legal gender recognition affect the lives of transgender individuals in unique ways. The fact that these laws and population attitudes vary greatly between Europe countries, offer a unique opportunity to study the role of structural stigma in the lives of transgender individuals. Little is known about how transgender specific structural stigma relates to individual health determinants. Consequently, the aim of this study was to explore the association between structural stigma and access to transgender health care, gender identity disclosure in health care and experiences of discrimination in health care across 28 European countries.
Methods
By using multilevel regression, we combined data on health seeking behavior, transgender identity disclosure to health care providers and experiences of discrimination in health care from 6,771 transgender individuals participating in the 2012 European Union Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender survey with a structural stigma measure, consisting of population attitudes towards transgender individuals as well as national legislation on gender recognition. Reasons to refrain from seeking care and discrimination in health care were assessed by categorizing countries as low or high in structural stigma and using Chi-square statistics.
Results
Country-level structural stigma was negatively associated experiences of seeking psychological or medical health care for being transgender and positively associated with concealment of being transgender to health care providers. Identity concealment was associated with a lower likelihood of exposure to discrimination in the health care setting across countries regardless of their level of structural stigma. The most prevalent reasons to forgo transgender related health care were shared between low and high structural stigma country groups and centered around fear.
Conclusion
The results highlight the importance of changing stigmatizing legislation and population attitudes to promote access to transgender related health care as well as openness of being transgender towards providers. Measures to decrease discrimination in the health care setting are warranted in high as well as in low structural stigma countries.
Ag-NPs coating influence on TiO2-NTs photocatalytic performances on Amido Black staining
Authors: Trabelsi Khaled , Jemai Safa , Jery Atef El , Sassi Syrine , Guesmi Ahlem , Khezami Lotfi , Hajjaji Anouar , Gaidi Mounir , Bessais Brahim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, the photocatalyst activity of a nanohybrid system based on Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated on TiO2-NTs structure is investigated. The Ag NPs decoration was performed with a simple and low cost photoreduction process. The Ag NPs size has been tuned through the photoreduction time. Several analyses and testing were carried out to determine the prepared samples' structural, optical, and morphological properties and their photocatalytic capabilities using SEM, TEM, XRD, PL, and UV spectrometer. The amido black staining dye was used as the organic pollutant. A high photodegradation efficiency is obtained and showed a 96.4% after 270 min for the 10 min Ag photo-reduced sample. A significant reaction rate of about 0.0122 min, which was higher than other samples. These results proved that this heterojunction could be successfully used for other applications such as photo-electrochemical solar cells, hydrogen generation, biosensors, gas detection, and more.
Assessing multiple limiting factors of seasonal biomass production and N content in a grassland with a year-round production
Authors: Oyarzabal Mariano , Oesterheld Martín 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is little evidence on the extent that multiple factors simultaneously limit ecosystem function of grasslands with year-round production. Here we test if multiple factors simultaneously limit grassland functioning in different seasons (i.e., more than one factor at a time), and how they interacted with N availability. In a Flooding Pampa grassland, we ran a separate factorial experiment in spring, summer, and winter with several treatments: control, mowing, shading, P addition, watering (only in summer), and warming (only in winter), each of them crossed by two nitrogen treatments: control and N addition. Grassland functioning was assessed by aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), green and standing dead biomass and N content at species group level. Out of 24 potential cases (three seasons by eight response variables), 13 corresponded to just one limiting factor, 4 to multiple limiting factors, and the other 7 to no evidence of limitation. In conclusion, grassland functioning in each season was most often limited by just one factor, while multiple limiting factors were rarer. Nitrogen was the prevailing limiting factor. In grasslands, the multiple factors hypothesis was tested broadly only with nutrient manipulations. Our study expands our knowledge to limitations imposed by factors associated to disturbance and stress, as mowing, shading, water availability and warming in grasslands with year-round production.
Perceptions, Barriers and Enablers on Salt Reduction in Malaysia Out of Home Sectors (MyOH): From Point of View of the Policy Makers and Food Industries
Authors: Harun Zaliha , Shahar Suzana , You Yee Xing , Manaf Zahara Abdul , Majid Hazreen Abdul , Chin Chia Yook , Haron Hasnah , Michael Viola , He Feng J , Brown Mhairi K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: High salt intake is a major cause of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The out-of-home sectors have been identified as one of the contributors of high salt intake in the population. The National Salt Reduction Policy of Malaysia was initiated in 2015; however, out-of-home sectors are yet to be emphasized and perception by policy makers and the food industries towards salt reduction are yet unknown. This study aimed to determine the perceptions, barriers and enablers towards salt reduction in the out-of-home sector in Malaysia, as well as among the policy makers and the food industries. Methods: This is a qualitative study via semi-structured in-depth interview (IDI) and focus group discussion (FGD) involving several stakeholders consisting of policy makers from five ministries, five non-government organizations (NGOs), food science/food technology researchers from five regions (West, North, East, South of Peninsular and East Malaysia/ Borneo) as well as the food industries. The IDI and FGD sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using Nvivo software version 12. Result: All participants agreed that salt intake in Malaysia is high and leads to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Lack of awareness, poor eating culture and behavior, and frequent eating out were among the causes of high salt intake. Awareness campaign and education, sodium content labelling and product reformulation were strategies that have been implemented by the government; whilst for the food industries, some of them have tried to reduce salt and labelled the sodium content on their food products. However, there were several barriers including perceived poor consumer acceptance, lack of knowledge and resources, challenges in reformulation, as well as unavailability of guidelines and salt targets. Hence, several enablers have been suggested, which include prioritizing salt reduction strategy, creating more awareness, collaboration and engagement, research and technology particularly for reformulation and shelf-life stability, incentives, and salt tax. Conclusion: Salt reduction efforts of out-of-home sector in Malaysia could be achieved through several measures or enablers that can overcome the barriers currently faced by the stakeholders, especially the policy makers, food industries and the consumers themselves. This study will benefit the policy makers to improve the salt reduction policy of out-of-home sectors and highlight the concerns among the food industries on the policy.
Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Public Policy Responses on Renewable Energy Power: Evidence from OECD Countries in the EU
Authors: Li Yuan , Meng Ye , Zhong Hua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Starting from 2020, governments around the world have continued to implement many types of public polices in response to the COVID-19 outbreaks. The dramatic public policies have substantially changed production and consumption activities, thereby temporarily lowing electricity use and greenhouse gas emissions. This study argues that the pandemic-induced public policies unintendedly slow down the transformation of renewable energy use in the EU, since the decline of greenhouse gas emissions led by the lockdowns helps the countries reduce the total emission temporarily. We employ a fixed-effect model to investigate the effects of different types of COVID-19 public policy responses on electricity production, consumption, and net import in 12 OECD countries in the EU, and mainly focus on the electricity production share from renewable energy source. Among several public policy responses, the stringent lockdown policies such as workplace closing, stay at home requirements, and restrictions on gathering size have negative and statistically significant impacts on electricity generation and consumption. Further, the countries with stringent lockdown policies are more likely to import electricity from other countries to mitigate the electricity shortage in their domestic markets. Importantly, we find the lockdown events have negative and statistically significant effects on the share of renewable energy use for the electricity production, while increase the share of fossil fuel use for the electricity production. In opposite, economic support policies such as income support, debt relief and economic stimulus programs can help reduce the share of fossil use for the electricity production and decrease the net import of electricity from other countries. Our results indicate that the public polices in response to the COVID-19 outbreaks have mixed effects on the transition to renewable energy power in the EU, suggesting that the current decline of greenhouse gas emissions comes from the reduction of electricity use led by the lockdown events instead of the adoption of renewable energy use and discourage the transformation of renewable energy source.
Snake venom-defined fibrin architecture dictates fibroblast survival and differentiation
Authors: Wang Zhao , Lauko Jan , Kijas Amanda , Gilbert Elliot , Turunen Petri , Yegappan Ramanathan , Zou Dongxiu , Mata Jitendra , Rowan Alan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fibrin is commonly used as a natural hydrogel for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture but is poorly defined. We demonstrate a novel snake venom-controlled fibrin system with tunable architectural and mechanical properties. Employing the snake venom-derived protein ecarin, which rapidly activates the thrombin precursor prothrombin, we establish a tunable fibrin system with a broader range of pore sizes, compared to the existing thrombin-initiated system. By controlling the coagulation factor XIII (FXIII)-induced crosslinking, the mechanical properties are precisely tuned. This fibrin system allows independent control of pore size (1–13 μm) and stiffness (0.2–1 kPa), providing a defined platform for biophysical studies. We show that fibrin architecture influences fibroblast survival, spreading phenotype, and differentiation. A fine fibrin architecture is a key prerequisite for fibroblast differentiation, whilst a coarse architecture induces cell loss and disengages fibroblast’s sensitivity towards TGF-β1. These results have biophysical and translational implications for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
PLCG2 variant p.P522R - associated with healthy aging- may reduce the aging of the human immune system
Authors: Diks Annieck M. , Teodosio Cristina , de Mooij Bas , Groenland Rick J. , Naber Brigitta A.E. , de Laat Inge F. , Vloemans Sandra A. , Rohde Susan , de Jonge Marien I. , Lorenz Linda , Horsten Debbie , Dongen Jacques J.M. van , Berkowska Magdalena A. , Holstege Henne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLCγ2) is encoded by the PLCG2 gene. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (p.P522R) associates with protection against several dementia subtypes and with increased likelihood of longevity. Cell lines and animal models indicated that p.P522R is a functional hypermorph. We aimed to confirm this in human peripheral immune cells. Methods: We compared effects of p.P522R on immune system function between carriers and non-carriers (aged 59-103y), using in-depth immunophenotyping, functional B-cell and myeloid-cell assays, and in vivo SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Results: As expected, effects of p.P522R on immune cell function were small. Immune cell numbers in p.P522R carriers better resembled a younger reference cohort than those of non-carriers. Moreover, carriers expressed lower levels of FcεRI on several immune cell subsets and elevated CD33 levels on classical monocytes. Upon B-cell stimulation, PLCγ2 phosphorylation and calcium release were increased in carriers compared to non-carriers. Normalized ROS production in myeloid cells was higher upon PLCγ2-dependent stimulation, but lower upon PLCγ2-independent stimulation. Carriers and non-carriers had similar serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Conclusion: Compared to non-carriers, immune profiles from carriers more closely resembled those from younger individuals, suggesting that p.P522R associates with resilience against immunological aging.
Use of digital sports bands as new approach for physiology education through aware of self-care health
Authors: Castro Patricio A , Martínez Fernando , Vejar Carla , Campos Jorge , Fuentealba Jorge 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: The understanding and integration of human physiology is essential for health professionals. However, several studies have shown that there still several difficulties associate to this subject. Therefore, the search for new strategies to improve the integration of learning of this discipline is a relevant educational goal. Remarkably, William T Porter, a physiologist, stated in 1901 that personal experience is essential for learning this area of science. Since then, multiple experience-based strategies have been implemented to address this educational goal. Methods: In proposal, we used sports digital bands (wearable) that allow the recording of physiological variables such as heart rate, number of steps, among others. Thus, the students recorded their own variables, establishing functional correlations associated with the integration of the contents of physiology. Additionally, using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) we measured the auto report level of physical activity of each student (n=28). The intervention was carried out during the development of the academic semester, while we were in confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective was a virtual work complement with a practical activity remotely guided. Results: Our results indicate that the use of these tools help to increase the integration of physiology concepts but corresponding to self-care in health was the most important aspect highlighted by the students. Conclusions: wearable can help to establish essential practical and personal experience which can be directly associated with bodily processes, resulting in improve the arduous work of teaching and learning human physiology even in a remote work context using an appropriate guide.