bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SLEEP IN FOCUS: EVALUATING WEARABLE BIOMETRIC DEVICES FOR DEMENTIA SLEEP MONITORING- A SCOPING REVIEW OF EFFICACY
Authors: Griffiths Leroy , McCreedy Ellen , Reddy Ann 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sleep disturbances are prevalent among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and adversely affect their physical and cognitive functioning. Monitoring sleep patterns, therefore, is imperative for assessing cognitive deterioration. Wearable devices may provide a cost-effective, non-invasive approach for conducting sleep studies in people with ADRD, provided they are tolerable and accurate. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate the efficacy of wearable devices in measuring sleep among people with ADRD, compared to gold standard measures: polysomnography (PSG) or sleep diaries. Utilizing Pubmed, we identified 140 potentially relevant articles. Of these, 104 were excluded during abstract review, 33 during full-text review, and 3 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The primary reasons for full-text review exclusion were: lack of a gold standard comparator or direct measure comparison (76%), incorrect study population (12%), and studies involving randomized controlled trials without baseline data (6%). The included studies indicated that actigraphy consistently overestimated total sleep time and sleep disturbances compared to sleep diaries and questionnaires. Results are consistent with previous research that suggests actigraphy may overestimate sleep in low-mobility populations. It may also indicate that sleep diaries are ineffective for this population. Since none of the studies utilized PSG, more research is necessary to establish efficacy. Similarly, if sleep diaries are imprecise, the effectiveness of wearables may be insufficiently substantiated. Furthermore, none of the included studies report sample characteristics regarding race, despite the optical technology utilized in wearables being linked to racial bias in individuals with darker skin tones.
STANDARDIZED NURSING LANGUAGE—KNOWLEDGE-BASED CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM MODULE FOR LONG TERM CARE NURSES
Authors: shin Juh Hyun , Park Chung Hyuk , Lee Myungeun , Lee Soo-Kyoung , Farina Crystel , Park Suhyun , Korer Burton , Batchelor Melissa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) integrate patient health information with clinical expertise to guide referrals, reduce prescription medication errors, and ensure adherence to guidelines. Standardized nursing languages, such as NANDA-I (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International), NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification), and NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification), enhance evidence-based practice by providing essential diagnostic and outcome data. However, the adoption of CDSS in long term care settings, incorporating standardized nursing languages and culturally specific scenarios to improve care for diverse racial and ethnic groups. We employed machine learning techniques, including support vector machines, random forests, and large language modeling, to train and test the CDSS using 130 scenarios of simulated nursing home residents generated by Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 4.0. Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale (Brooke, 1996) and a questionnaire by Lund (2001) evaluating usefulness, satisfaction, and ease of use. The System Usability Scale (SUS) yielded a mean score of 60 (SD = 3.65), while the USE score was 6.62 (SD = 0.55), with high ratings for ‘ease of learning.’ Usability issues were also identified through heuristic evaluation with nursing faculty experts. All ratings fell within a range of 5 to 7, indicating overall positive feedback. The CDSS has the potential to significantly enhance care quality, marking a pivotal advancement in applying healthcare technology to support nursing professionals. Future research should reflect on a more nursing care-specific application in developing and applying new technology in long term care settings
STUDY DESIGN, PROTOCOL, AND HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF PFAS IN THE TSUKUBA CITY COHORT
Authors: Eun Heesoo , Yoon Jieun , Kameyama Mayumi , Hata Hiroshi , Arai Tetsuaki , Okura Tomohiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
PFAS (perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are toxic chemicals that are urgently regulated worldwide. While several adverse effects on the human body are known, including impacts on liver, kidney, and reproductive functions, the effects of 30 different multicomponent PFAS on the human body remain largely unexplored. Recently, it has been suggested that PFAS may affect Alzheimer’s disease, necessitating more rapid investigation. Given that PFAS exposure in humans primarily occurs through food intake, we initiated a cohort study in collaboration with various medical specialists to understand and address the actual situation of PFAS exposure in Japanese individuals who consume seafood with relatively high PFAS concentrations. The ongoing Tsukuba Happiness Life Study involves a large group of citizens aged 45 to 89 years from Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture. The study will investigate the molecular species and concentrations of more than 30 PFAS in blood and urine samples collected from 1,000 healthy, consenting participants. Additionally, cognitive function and motor performance will be assessed. Specialists from various medical departments at the University of Tsukuba Hospital will evaluate the results, relating the molecular species and concentrations of PFAS to their health effects. This research will, for the first time, reveal the effects of PFAS derived from dietary habits on the human body, providing comprehensive knowledge on PFAS, including their impact on cognitive and motor functions.
SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE CONCERNS AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE IN PRODROMAL PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Luu Britney , Bangen Katherine , Garcia Mary Ellen , Urias Uriel , Galasko Douglas , Thomas Kelsey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) are commonly observed in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, SCC in cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk for Parkinson’s disease (PD), as defined by reduced sense of smell (hyposmia) or REM behavior sleep disorder (RBD), is less understood. Therefore, this study examined associations between SCC and individual neuropsychological measures in the prodromal PD cohort (n=715, mean age=67.75) from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study. SCC (n=199) or no SCC (n=516) was based on participant or caregiver report for item 1 on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, part 1. Analyses of covariance, adjusting for age, education, sex/gender, race/ethnicity, psychiatric factors, motor symptoms, and prodromal classification (hyposmia or RBD), examined the association between SCC and measures of memory, language, visuoperception, processing speed, and executive functioning. Relative to participants without SCC, those with SCC had lower performance on Animal Fluency (B=-1.02, p=.009, np2=.011) and Symbol Digit Modalities (B=-1.68, p=.036, np2=.007). When examining the SCC x prodromal classification interaction, hyposmia or RBD status did not moderate the associations for Animal Fluency or Symbol Digit Modalities. Overall, SCC in prodromal PD participants was only associated with two measures requiring speeded retrieval and processing. Unlike in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, where SCC is often linked to memory, no such association was found in prodromal PD. Instead, SCC was associated with speeded measures that are likely more sensitive to PD related changes. Future work will investigate the utility of SCC to predict conversion to PD and longitudinal rates of cognitive decline.
THE EFFECT OF PICEATANNOL FROM PASSION FRUIT SEED EXTRACT ON SIRTUIN EXPRESSION
Authors: Tsukiashi Motoki , Kawakami Shinpei , Maruki-Uchida Hiroko , Iemoto Naoki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Piceatannol, a polyphenol abundantly found in passion fruit seeds, is structurally similar to resveratrol. It has four hydroxyl groups, is highly water-soluble, and is expected to have various effects, including antioxidant properties. Sirtuins are known to promote longevity and prevent various chronic diseases associated with aging. Given the growing interest in longevity research, this study aimed to explore the potential of piceatannol to induce sirtuins. We hypothesized that piceatannol might function as a more potent activator of sirtuins than resveratrol. Using THP-1 cells, we performed RT-PCR and Western blotting to determine sirtuin mRNA expression and protein levels after the addition of piceatannol. Our in vitro results showed that piceatannol and its metabolites significantly induced sirtuin mRNA expression and increased sirtuin protein levels, surpassing the effects of resveratrol. To validate these findings in humans, we examined changes in sirtuin mRNA expression in blood after the ingestion of a test food containing 100 mg of piceatannol or a placebo food for two weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. The results of the analysis of 281 participants confirmed the upregulation of sirtuin mRNA expression due to piceatannol intake. Moreover, stratification by menopausal status revealed that sirtuin mRNA expression was significantly higher as a result of piceatannol intake among postmenopausal women. These findings suggest that piceatannol intake may promote longevity through sirtuin activation, offering potential for longevity therapies and dietary supplements. This study emphasizes the need for further research on piceatannol’s mechanisms of action in the growing field of longevity research.
THE FREQUENCY OF RAW VEGETABLE AND FRUIT CONSUMPTION AND ASSOCIATES WITH DEPRESSIVE MOOD IN JAPANESE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Takase Mai , Yokoyama Yuri , Nofuji Yu , Abe Takumi , Nonaka Kumiko , Murayama Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The consumption of vegetables and fruits are known to associate with better health. It is also proven that the intake of raw and unprocessed vegetables and fruits relate to better mental state in younger adults, due to retainment of micronutrients that could be lost from cooking. However, little is known about the relationship between intake of raw vegetables and fruits and mental state in older adults. In this research, we aimed to clarify the association between the frequency of raw vegetable and fruit consumption and depressive mood in Japanese older adults. A questionnaire survey was conducted at the Wako Cohort Study, which targets community dwelling older adults (≥65 years old) living in Saitama prefecture, Japan (September 2023, N=1,004). The frequency of raw vegetable and fruit consumption (every day vs. less than every day) was used as independent variable, and Geriatrics Depression Scale 5 (score of 2 and above as depressive mood vs. 1 and below as none) was used as dependent variable. The percentage of those who consumed raw vegetable and fruit everyday was 27.2% (n=273) and the percentage of those with depressive mood was 27.4% (n=275). Adjusted with age, sex, marital status, education, self-rated health, number of teeth, comorbidity, BMI, cohabitant, income status, and dietary variation score, a binary regression analysis (n=896) revealed that frequency of raw vegetable and fruit consumption negatively associated with depressive mood (OR=0.62, 95%CI=0.40-0.97). This result suggests the importance of frequent raw vegetable and fruit consumption for better mental state in older adults.
THE IMPACT OF DEPRESSION ON OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE ORAL HEALTH INDICATORS IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Choi Boyun , Jung Bock-Young 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Depression significantly affects overall health and quality of life, including oral health and subjective discomfort. This study examines how objective and subjective oral health factors differ based on depression diagnosis in individuals aged 65 and older. Using data from the 2018-2020 National Health and Nutrition Survey (n=3324) by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, this study compared oral health in patients with and without depression. The research assessed subjective factors like chewing difficulties, self-perceived oral health, and recent tooth pain, alongside objective factors such as the number of natural teeth and the need for prosthetics. Analyses included Rao-Scott chi-square tests, survey logistic regression, and linear regression. Significant differences were observed in subjective oral health factors between the depressed and non-depressed groups. Depression was associated with recent tooth pain (p = 0.0022), chewing discomfort (p &lt; 0.0001), and self-perceived poor oral health (p = 0.0136). Regardless of gender, age, BMI, depression group reported the same pattern. However, no significant differences were observed in objective factors such as the number of natural teeth or the need for prosthetics. These findings suggest that depression could influence oral subjective and functional ability factors more sensitively and how older individuals perceive their oral health.
THE ROLE OF CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE IN PERCEIVED AND ACTUAL ATTENTION AMONG OLDER COLORECTAL CANCER SURVIVORS
Authors: Jung Mi Sook , Cha Kyeongin , Lee Ahrim , Cui Xirong , Lee Dahyeon , Hwang Jeongeun , Park Eunyoung , Yeom Hyun-E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Older people treated for cancer often experience greater fatigue compared to younger survivors, partly due to age-related physiological changes and reduced physical resilience. Our previous study found that both perceived cognition and actual test performance were significantly associated with cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in middle-aged cancer survivors. However, it remains unclear whether the impact of fatigue on cognition is more pronounced in older cancer survivors compared to their younger counterparts. This study aims to compare attention function between different age groups and to examine whether increased fatigue contributes to poor attention. We assessed middle-aged (n=131) and older (n=133) colorectal cancer survivors using self-rated questionnaires (Attentional Function Index, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue, Patient Health Questionnaire) and a computerized test (Attention Network Test, ANT). Data were analyzed using multivariable linear regression and linear mixed models. Older participants exhibited poorer executive attention performance than middle-aged participants, while perceived attention and fatigue levels were similar between age groups. Additionally, older participants did not show improvement across trials unlike middle-aged participants showing faster performance with repeated trials. Fatigue was significantly associated with performance on ANT. This association remained significant even when controlling for educational level, comorbid condition, depressed mood, and restorative activity. The findings indicate that older cancer survivors had reduced executive attention function and may be more vulnerable to the effect of cancer-related fatigue, which is intrinsically linked to attention dysfunction. This enduring challenge suggests a need for targeted intervention addressing both cancer-related fatigue and cognitive impairment to improve outcomes for older cancer survivors.
TOGETHER, WE DO SAVE LIVES: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF A GERIATRIC TRAUMA PROGRAM
Authors: Sanchez-Reilly Sandra , Sidle Erin , Crenshaw Shannon , Reilly Elizabeth , Khalikov Marla , LaCoss Jennifer , Martinez Nicolina , McGinity Ashley 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Trauma, the fifth cause of death among Older Adults (OA), accounts for up to 25% of all trauma admissions. Multi-comorbidities, polypharmacy, decreased function, and increased mortality are some challenges requiring geriatric expertise. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a geriatric trauma service consultation (GTSC) program in a level-1-trauma hospital.

Methods
1321 GTSC were collected December/22-June/24. Variables included length-of-stay, morbidity/mortality and place-of-discharge.

Results
Median age 78 (73-85). 58% female (765); 73% White, 20% Hispanic. 62% GTSC occurred within the first day of hospital admission, but 2% GTSC occurred &gt;6 days after admission (delayed consults-DC). Within 30-days-of-admission, 3% and 2% hospital-readmission-rate. Falls constituted 74% GTSC, 17% were motor vehicle accidents. 87% GTSC came from home but only 35% returned home with 56% discharged to rehabilitation facilities. When comparing GTSC performed within 2 days of admission vs. DC, DC showed higher mortality (3.1% vs. 6.9%, p=0.24,NS); higher ICU stays (38.8% vs. 75%,p&lt; 0.0001); higher 30-day-hospital-readmission (2.1% vs. 3.4%,p=0.47,NS); higher total length-of-stay (mean 6.9 days vs. 24.5,p&lt; 0.0001); higher length-of-stay from day-of-GTSC (mean 6 days vs. 10.5,p=0.0004). OA with delirium had the longest hospital length-of-stay (mean 21.3 days,p&lt; 0.0001) and higher ICU length-of-stay (15.9 days,p&lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: When consulted early, GTSC showed to decrease mortality, hospital readmissions; and being significantly effective in decreasing ICU time and lowering length-of-stay among OA. Delirium poses a serious dilemma showing significantly worse length-of-stay and ICU need. Further studies need to focus on GTSC as an earlier intervention and to target specific geriatric syndromes such as delirium.
TOWARDS GAIT-BASED SCREENING FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Hentnik Haley , Phillips Christine , Stephan Abigail , Ross Lesley , Gurchiek Reed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While cognitive impairment is a hallmark feature of Alzheimer’s disease, it can be difficult to detect in preclinical stages. Gait metrics, like speed and variability, have been suggested to augment early detection efforts and could be used in combination with existing cognitive-based screening tools such as the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m). However, the specificity of these gait metrics and their relationship with cognition remains unclear. This study aimed to quantify the relationship between gait and a cognitive screening assessment (TICS-m) and cognitive attention (Useful Field of View Test, UFOV) in a sample of 106 older adults (71.9 +/- 5.9 years old). Three gait metrics were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) correlated with TICS-m including usual gait speed (r = 0.27), gait symmetry (r = 0.30), and gait smoothness (r = -0.23). These metrics were also correlated with a composite UFOV score; the strongest relationship indicated that individuals with worse attention and slower processing speed presented with a less smooth gait (r = -0.42). Interestingly, gait smoothness was more strongly related to UFOV than was TICS-m (r = -0.30). These results corroborate previous research reporting similar relationships between visual-spatial processing and gait variability in individuals with cognitive impairment. However, gait smoothness was correlated with gait speed, and thus it remains unclear if our findings are independent of this relationship. Future research should explore the specificity of gait-based digital biomarkers of cognitive impairment and their utility for early detection and screening.
VOICES FROM THE FIELD: EXPLORING THE VALUE OF GERONTOLOGISTS IN INTERPROFESSIONAL GERIATRIC CARE TEAMS
Authors: Boakye Alfred , Martin Diane 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Interprofessional healthcare teams effectively deliver safe and high-quality care to patients with complex healthcare needs. Through collaborative team-based efforts, doctors, nurses, social workers, pharmacists, and other professionals address multiple aspects of health, including physical, mental, and social well-being. Team-based care is now recognized as a national priority to optimize the health and social well-being of older adults and their families; however, geriatric care teams often do not include professionals with expertise in aging, such as gerontologists. The aim of this study was to explore what gerontologists can contribute to a geriatric interprofessional care team. Sixteen (16) gerontology students, faculty, and healthcare professionals completed semi-structured surveys, and the results were analyzed using a modified grounded theory. Respondents highlighted that the unique interdisciplinary perspective on the aging process held by gerontologists can promote person-centered care and bridge the gap between older adults and community resources. These findings illustrate the valuable role that gerontologists can have as members of interprofessional geriatric healthcare teams. Additional research is needed to evaluate whether integrating gerontologists can lead to enhanced care, improved care coordination, and advance evidence-based practices, research, and policy.
A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS OF INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (IADL) CAREGIVING NEEDS
Authors: Kim Suyoung , Rote Sunshine , Cantu Phillip , Andrade Flávia , Angel Jacqueline 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Mexican American caregivers experience time-intensive caregiving situations yet studies on heterogeneity in caregiving needs are limited. This study (1) utilizes latent class analysis (LCA) to classify caregivers into groups based on care recipient IADL intensity and type of support need and (2) examines caregiver psychological outcomes by care recipient support need.

Methods
Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (Wave 7, N = 885) was analyzed using LCA. Characteristics of both caregivers and care recipients were included as predictors for a dyadic analysis, and caregiver perceived stress, depression, overall life satisfaction were investigated as tertiary outcomes.

Results
Four distinct groups of Mexican American caregivers were identified by care recipient IADL assistance need: comprehensive (39%), social task only (29%), minimal (23%), and physical mobility only (9%). Care recipient cognitive functioning and nativity status as well as caregiver homeownership status were associated with IADL assistance need. Caregiver perceived stress was highest for comprehensive IADL assistance need and lowest for social task only need. Caregiver life satisfaction peaked for those providing care for care recipients with minimal need, and caregiver depressive symptoms were more prevalent for comprehensive and physical mobility only IADL assistance need.

Discussion
Caregiving demands, especially for mobility and comprehensive social, household, mobility, and financial care needs, are associated with greater caregiver psychological burden. Targeted, culturally competent interventions aimed at improving the mental health of Mexican American caregivers should address the unique challenges with mobility and comprehensive care needs.