bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An English Life in Landscape: Watching Landscape Research Over Half a Century
Authors: Howard Peter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
From a largely autobiographical perspective, the development of the European concept of landscape is considered through the last fifty years, focussed on the gap between the environmental idea which has progressively become more ecological, so the landscape idea has become much more cultural. When they work together, there can be outstanding results, as demonstrated in the European Landscape Award. However, what seemed to be an unsteady progress towards a common understanding of cultural landscape can still receive dramatic shocks. The Pandemic is one such shock which has just begun to be absorbed into landscape thinking, and now the cosy concept of national and regional landscape identities is shattered yet again, by invasion, immigration and displacement.
Research and Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy in Determining the Parameters of the Position of Aircraft by Air Traffic Control Radars Avia-W and GCA-2000
Authors: Dzwonkowski Dawid , Goś Artur , Ćwiklak Janusz , Krasuski Kamil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of the article “Research and comparative analysis of the accuracy in determining the parameters of the position of aircraft by air traffic control radars Avia-W and GCA-2000” is to test the difference in determining the parameters of the position of aircraft objects by radars used at Dęblin airfield. In particular, the paper presents the results of positioning accuracy, azimuth and distance accuracy for two radars: GCA-2000 and Avia-W.
Method of Increasing Reliability of Large Dimensional Bridge-Type Structures
Authors: Yadav Arun Kumar , Szpytko Janusz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a method of testing the girder of a bridge crane using a specialized measuring type robot. The girder of the bridge crane is an example of a largesize structure. The bridge structure of the crane is a critical subsystem of the transport device due to its operational safety. The purpose of the overhead crane girder tests is to increase the reliability of the structure and operational safety. The proposed solutions indeed comply with the standards in force. Also, they increase their frequency and effectiveness of concluding in terms of predicting possible causes of threats to the safety and reliability of the structure.
APEKS 2 as a Modification of the APEKS Method
Authors: Pilch Robert 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The study presents the APEKS 2 method as a proposal of modification of the APEKS method, used to evaluate and select one of the many variants of organizational and technical solutions using their multi-criteria evaluation. The proposed modification of the method consists mainly in changing the procedure of determining the numerical weights of the evaluation criteria. As a result of the proposed change, the possibility of disregarding the influence of a given criterion on the final score is eliminated, unless it is an action intended by the evaluator. Moreover, the introduced change increases the accuracy of the method and allows to better reflect the preferences of the evaluator. Thanks to this, the APEKS 2 method gives the possibility of a better evaluation and, as a result, a more precise selection of the best of the compared technical solutions. The original method and its modification are also suitable for multi-criteria evaluation and selection of the best solution in non-technical applications.
Multifocal Near-Eye Display: Timing of Optical Diffuser Elements and Synchronization to DLP-Based Projection Microunit
Authors: Ruskuls R. , Slics K. , Ozolins R. , Fenuks R. , Linina E. , Osmanis K. , Osmanis I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper present the key technical details of a multifocal near-eye display concept. Along with an overview of the basic architecture, a particular implementation that utilises a digital light processing (DLP®) based spatial light modulator as the image source is provided in the study. The investigated approach involves the utilisation of a small-scale volumetric screen formed by a stack of fast-switching optical diffuser elements based on liquid crystal technology. The volumetric screen is illuminated by a rear image projector. To make the whole system functional and small, the challenge lies within the development of integrated control board for the projection modules as well as the synchronization of the DLP® projector image output to the optical diffuser element switching-cycle.
The main difficulty of the development process is accounting for the peculiarities of in-house developed diffuser elements and the off-the-shelf DLP®, which is the main focus of this paper. There is no direct control over the full set of DLP® operational parameters, an indirect method for adjusting frame dead time is proposed, showing that an increase in dead time close to 0.3 ms (from 0.3 ms to 0.6 ms in the particular setup) can be achieved without significantly sacrificing image colour depth or quality. Tuneable dead time mitigates the limitations set by the non-instantaneous switching of liquid crystal diffuser elements as longer dead times allow for the removal of image bleeding between frames.
Scenario-Based Modelling of Residential Sector Consumption: A Case Study in Latvia
Authors: Kairisa E. , Mutule A. , Drovtar I. , Korotko T. , Borscevskis O. , Wilkening H. , Troyer Ch. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Promoting the development of energy communities is one of the planned development areas mentioned in the Latvian National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Even though energy communities do not yet exist in Latvia, they could improve the quality of the environment and stimulate the local economy. In any case, it is expected that the structure of household energy consumption in Latvia will change as households start to adopt new technologies such as electric cars and heat pumps, as well as participate in energy production and demand response.
Often the starting point for the development of an energy community is the geographic location of consumers. Therefore, for this study, a microdistrict was chosen in one of the most developed suburbs of Riga in Latvia, in which 76 households are located. The study identified five milestones on the path from mere neighborhood to the energy community. The resLoadSIM Residential Load Simulation tool was chosen to simulate realistic energy consumption with a 1-minute time resolution, as well as to model the future solar energy consumption and generation in the community on its way to becoming an energy community and meeting these goals. The network constraints associated with the transformer and lines are taken into account and it is assumed that the district will not invest in the development and expansion of the network.
Based on the results of the modelling, an analysis was made of the impact of the development of the energy community in Latvia and how each stage of development will affect energy consumption, the amount of renewable energy, the energy sent to the grid, the power consumed directly, and the share of solar energy in energy consumption.
On the Issue of Collision of Balls in an Auto-Balancing Device
Authors: Strautmanis G. , Schukin I. , Filimonikhin G. , Mezitis M. , Kurjanovics I. , Irbe I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper considers a model of a vertical double pendulum, which includes two balls suspended on rigid non-deformable threads to one centre of the suspension. For the proposed system of pendulums, differential equations of motion and conditions for collision of balls have been recorded. When simulating the motion of the pendulums, the central collision of the balls has been considered for various options of the motion of the suspension point: the suspension point is motionless; the suspension point oscillates in the vertical direction; the suspension point makes rotational motions in the vertical plane. Meanwhile, various conditions for the central collision between the balls have been considered: a perfectly inelastic collision; a perfectly elastic collision; a collision with transformation of collision energy (partially elastic collision). The results of numerical simulation are consistent with the behaviour of pendulums in real physical models, which makes it possible to simulate an elastic collision between balls when studying their acceleration in auto-balancing devices.
Microwave Observations of the Sun with Virac RT-32 Radio Telescope: The Expansion of Possibilities
Authors: Bezrukovs D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nowadays there is increasing interest in narrowing coronal areas with reduced brightness temperatures (LTR – Low Temperature Regions) associated with local open magnetic fields (S-web, “coronal partings”, “dark coronal corridors”) as one of the eventual sources of slow solar wind. Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC) performs routine spectral polarimetric observations of the Sun with RT-32 radio telescope equipped with the multi-channel (16 frequency channels) spectral polarimeter for the wave length range of 3.2–4.7 cm (6.3–9.3 GHz) and both circular polarizations simultaneously. The analysis of relevant tasks of clear and reliable observations and detections of LTR shows the necessity to improve noise parameters, dynamic range and stability of the actual solar spectral polarimeter and to expand its wavelength range. Taking into account these requirements, the low noise and thermally stabilized solar spectral polarimeter was developed. The new multi-channel spectral polarimeter is expected to observe right and left circular polarization of the solar emission in the wavelength range of 2.1–7.5 cm (4.1–14.3 GHz) divided into 12 frequency bands. The dynamic range was expanded to >36 db and the signal/noise ratio (referred to as quiet Sun brightness temperatures) was enhanced to > 22–24 db.
The paper deals with some test observations of the newly developed solar spectral polar-imeter and its feature analysis. Some eventual problems of solar physics which could be solved with the spectral polarimeter are also discussed.
Magnetic Flux Switching Type Permanent Magnet Generator for Bicycles: Modelling and an Experimental Study
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A. , Trokss J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article introduces two new designs of flux switching permanent magnet alternators with a radial and an axial arrangement of the inductor relative to the magnetic flux switch. The study presents the results of 3D magnetic flux modelling along with the outcomes of physical experiments. In the course of laboratory experiments, the results of theoretical estimations are compared with actual physical performance parameters. The results are presented in the form of power and output voltage curves in relation to the frequency and load current. The study proposes the practical application of the alternators based on the magnetic flux switching principle in the development of a bicycle generator. Laboratory test models are made of a laminated steel using a waste-free technology.
The Study of Properties of an Axial Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Alternator with Open Magnetic Cores
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article studies magnetic field distribution in the alternator inductors with an axial arrangement of open magnetic cores (OMC) and an external closure of the magnetic flux. The study compares the efficiency of magnetic flux utilization for four models with different modifications of the geometry of the magnetic circuit of inductors. The analysis of the density distribution of magnetic flux in OMC is carried out by 3D modelling of the magnetic field using EMWorks software. Based on the experimental study of the properties of the base model, the influence of the configuration of the magnetic circuit of the inductor on the efficiency of the alternator is shown. The results are presented in the form of tables and diagrams characterising changes in magnetic fluxes and electromotive force (EMF) in relative units. The results provide the grounds for assessing the potential and possible limits of optimization with respect to the size of air gaps and dimensions of the magnetic flux toggle switches. The study indicates that the proposed alternator can be adapted for various load requirements and optimized for various applications, such as charging power banks and powering bicycle electronics. The study also demonstrates that for such generators, OMC can be manufactured using a waste-free strip production technology.
Hydrogen Hydraulic Compression System for Refuelling Stations
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article investigates the properties and potential of compressed hydrogen as one of the most promising energy carriers in order to facilitate the development of energy storage capabilities and lay down a stable foundation for the future of a sustainable energy sector. The study considers the use of hydrogen, compressed at high pressure from 50 MPa to 100 MPa, at refuelling stations to supply electric cars. The technical properties of modern hydraulic compressors used for hydrogen accumulation in high pressure buffer containers are considered. The study shows that the design of hydraulic compressors in terms of their technical characteristics optimally corresponds to the primary requirements for their use as booster compressors at refuelling stations. The authors conclude with the proposal of an enhanced design of the hydraulic compressor with the use of fluid flow counters in a control system of a hydrogen compression cycle. The proposed technical solution provides for continuous monitoring of the hydrogen compression process that increases the reliability of control system operation.
From Digital Divide to Technostress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review
Authors: Seberini Andrea , Nour Magde Mohamed , Tokovska Miroslava 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background and purpose: This paper relates challenges faced by older adult employees during the COVID-19 crisis in order to describe strategies to reduce the digital divide and technostress, thereby supporting inclusion and retention in the marketplace. Older adults are particularly at risk of Internet-related social exclusion, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main research question of the current scoping review were: What kind of strategies can reduce the digital divide and technostress of older adult employees and contribute to their inclusion and retention in the working market during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Methodology: This review is based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews. The six-stage framework includes: identifying research questions, identifying relevant studies, study selection, charting the data, summarizing and reporting the results, and a consultation exercise. A scoping review was conducted using five humanistic and social electronic databases - CINAHL with full text, EBSCO, Medline, SocIndex, Web of Science - and additionally hand-searches performed on Google Scholar. The search was limited to studies published from January 2020 to March 2021. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included.

Results: This review shows that the most important strategies are: 1) ICT educational training courses; 2) social dialog; 3) building inclusive workplaces; 4) implementation of successful ‘aging in public’ policies. Our results are beneficial for individuals, organizations, industries and different societies by showing how concrete strategies can be implemented at multiple levels.

Conclusion: The study has found that one of the most effective strategies to reduce the digital divide faced by older adult employees during the COVID-19 crisis and technostress is social dialog between employers and employees, which can be a source of innovative and creative solutions (e.g. partnership programs or tailored support). Social dialog should include active cooperation with older adult workers - asking what they need and want - to enable skills development through training.
Make it their Decisions, not your Directives: Exploring Required Green Competencies for Employee Ecological Behaviour
Authors: Farooq Khalid , Yusliza Mohd Yusoff , Muhammad Zikri , Mat Nik Hazimah Nik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background and Purpose: A growing body of evidence confirms that employee ecological behaviour (EEB) is the most critical factor indicating organisational competitive advantage and environmental performance. The present study identifies and explores the green competencies required at the workplace to perform ecological behaviour.
No prior study has explored the required green competencies from employees at the workplace in higher education institutions to the researchers’ knowledge.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The research utilises the data generated from eighteen comprehensive interviews with the top five Malaysian green universities’ employees. The study adopted the content analysis approach to explore contextually relevant competencies required for EEB in the workplace.

Results: Six main green competencies, namely environmental awareness, environmental attitude, environmental knowledge, environmental consciousness, green mindfulness, and green ability, were generated from the analysis supporting ecological behaviour at the workplace.

Conclusion: This research explored the required green competencies of employees to be environmental-friendly in the workplace by investigating the previously neglected domain required in the workplace. The research offers practical implications to universities and human resources (HR) to adopt accountabilities for an organisation to be environmentally sustainable. The recruitment committee and top management of higher education institutions should accentuate an environmental stance and green competencies in job descriptions to entice applicants with an environment-friendly mentality.
Associations between Sports Videogames and Physical Activity in Children
Authors: Ng Kwok , Kaskinen Ari-Pekka , Katila Rauli , Koski Pasi , Karhulahti Veli-Matti 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the associations of sports video gaming behaviour in the sociological concept of Physical Activity Relationships (PAR) and to see if sports video gaming differs by gender.
Methods: A convenience sample of children between 11–12 years of age (n = 114) from three Finnish regions completed a questionnaire on perceptions of their video gaming and physical activity habits. Differences by gender were tested by contingency tables, and blockwise binary logistic regressions were used to examine the strength of association with physical activity behaviour in PAR.
Results: Almost all girls had low importance to video gaming and over two thirds (71%) reported their frequency in sports video gaming was less than monthly. Sports video gaming was positively associated with physical activity behaviours (OR = 3.4, CI = 1.3–9.0), but when combined with perceived physical activity importance and spectating in sports, the association was no longer statistically significant. There were no differences in gender for non-sports video gaming.
Conclusions: For children who partake in sports video games, the activity can be an integral part of their overall PAR. These preliminary results require further exploring prior to drawing societal implications or sports video games or applying them for intervention to promote physical activity.
Antisymmetry and Externalization
Authors: Kayne Richard S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There are no mirror-image pairs of languages. This restriction on the otherwise vast set of possible languages must be accounted for, and puts boundary conditions on any theory of the human language faculty. There are implications for externalization and in the longer run for the evolution of the language faculty. Antisymmetric linear/temporal order is part of core syntax. Temporal order is partly (though not fully) integrated into core syntax via Merge itself. When two elements X and Y are merged, a relative linear/temporal order is assigned to them. At the same time, that instance of Merge assigns no relative order to the subparts of X and Y. Core syntax can explicitly have X precede Y without having any subpart of X precede any subpart of Y.
Eddy Current Techniques for Detecting Hidden Subsurface Defects in Multilayer Aircraft Structures
Authors: Uchanin Valentyn 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In-service non-destructive inspection (NDI) is a very important part of the aircraft maintenance program that minimizes aircraft breakdowns due to the fracture of critical components. The eddy current (EC) NDI method is one of the most applicable methods for this purpose, due to its high sensitivity to fatigue cracks and corrosion damage in the main structural materials. In this paper, selective double differential type EC probes characterized by the enhanced possibility of detecting subsurface cracks initiated by fatigue or stress corrosion phenomena are presented. For different applications, a family of double differential type EC probes was developed with different sizes (from 5 to 33 mm) and different spatial resolutions. These types of probes are characterized by different operational frequencies in a wide frequency range (from 0.2 kHz to 1.0 MHz), high penetration depth and unique sensitivity to subsurface defects of different types (like elongated fatigue cracks or local corrosive pitting), and a high level of specific noise suppression concerned with the scanning inspection procedures. The EC probes proposed were investigated as effective tools for characteristic aircraft applications concerned with subsurface defect detection in multilayer structures, such as the detection of cracks in the second layer of a riveted two-layer structure or cracks initiated on the side surface of a multilayer structure with the suppression of the reinforcing hoop influence; the detection of subsurface defects in arc welding with a rough surface; the detection of cracks through repair patches fabricated from aluminum alloy or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, etc. These techniques create remarkable possibilities for the well-timed detection of dangerous damage without disassembling the aircraft structure or removing protective coating.
Keep social distance: The linguistic landscape of the major malls in Jeddah amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lacsina Nadine , Yeh Aiden 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines the linguistic landscape of the two major malls in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, through social distancing posters and signs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study draws on the conceptual framework of linguistic landscape theory, speech acts and semiotics to unveil language dominance, linguistic messages, image-text relations and poster elements that enforce social distancing. A survey questionnaire, primarily aimed at expats, was also administered to find out how they view and interpret the use of bilingual modes in disseminating the social distancing measures. The semiotic analysis reveals that Arabic and English are used in most of the posters, but Arabic remains the dominant language and the preferred medium of information dissemination. Speech acts analysis shows that representatives and directives facilitate implementation of social distancing. The findings also suggest that semiotic modes and signifiers (inscription and materiality) reinforce the effectiveness of the posters. Overall, the use of Arabic and English reflects the country’s stance on language policy and economic vision for Jeddah to be a truly global city amid the pandemic.