bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stationary Entanglement between Two Rotating Mirrors in a Laguerre–Gaussian Rotational‐Cavity Optomechanical System with an Optical Parametric Amplifier
Authors: Huang Sumei , Deng Li , Chen Aixi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeneration of entanglement between macroscale mechanical oscillators is challenging yet important for future quantum technologies. Here, the possibility of creating a steady‐state entanglement between two rotating mirrors in a Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) rotational‐cavity optomechanical system by placing an especially tuned degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside the cavity is theoretically explored. In the resolved‐sideband regime, a LG cavity mode is driven by a Gaussian laser beam tuned to the first lower mechanical sideband. The Duan quantity and the logarithmic negativity is used to study the stationary entanglement between two rotating mirrors. The influence of the parametric gain and phase of the OPA, the input laser power, the temperature of the environment, and the topological charge of the LG cavity mode on the mechanical entanglement are investigated. The achievable maximal degree of entanglement is limited by the parametric gain of the OPA.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 9‐Phenanthrols
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Xin , Xu Cong , Yi Niannian , Li Shan , He Yan‐Mei , Feng Yu , Fan Qing‐Hua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe enantioselective hydrogenation of arenols to corresponding chiral cyclic alcohols remains a challenge because of their aromaticity and the difficulty in controlling the regio‐, chemo‐, and stereoselectivity. In this work, the first highly efficient ruthenium‐catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of 9‐phenanthrols has been successfully realized under mild conditions via trapping the unstable keto tautomers. The method provides a facile access to a range of chiral 9,10‐dihydrophenanthren‐9‐ols with up to 98 % yield and >99 % ee. The hydrogenation pathway includes base‐promoted tautomerization of 9‐phenanthrols and Ru‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of the in situ generated unstable keto tautomers.
Medical students' perceptions and performance in an online regional anatomy course during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Zhang Ji‐Feng , Zilundu Prince Last Mudenda , Fu Rao , Zheng Xue‐Feng , Zhou Li‐Hua , Guo Guo‐Qing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study evaluated the students' psychological well‐being, experiences, performance, and perception of learning regional anatomy remotely. A regional anatomy remote learning curriculum was designed and learning materials were delivered virtually to 120 undergraduate medical students at Jinan University, China. All the students consented and voluntarily participated in this study by completing self‐administered online questionnaires including the Zung's Self‐Rating Anxiety and Depression Scales at the beginning and end of the learning session. A subset participated in focus group discussions. Most of the students (90.0%) positively evaluated the current distance learning model. More than 80% were satisfied with the content arrangement and coverage. Many students preferred virtual lectures (68.2%) and videos showing dissections (70.6%) during the distance learning sessions. However, writing laboratory reports and case‐based learning were the least preferred modes of learning as they were only preferred by 23.2% and 14.1% of the students, respectively. There was no significant lockdown‐related anxiety or depression reported by students using depression and anxiety scales as well as feedback from focus group discussions. The surveyed students' confidence scores in distance learning were significantly higher after 5 weeks than at the beginning of the session (3.05 ± 0.83 vs. 3.70 ± 0.71,P < 0.05). Furthermore, the present results showed no significant differences between the current group's academic performance in the unit tests as well as the final overall evaluation for different parts of the course compared to that of the previous year's cohort. The findings above were congruent with focus group discussion data that the use of the online teaching platform for regional anatomy significantly improved the students' confidence in virtual and self‐directed learning and did not negatively affect their academic performance.
Distributed aggregative games for Euler–Lagrange systems with system parameter uncertainties
Authors: Ma Te , Hu Chen , Deng Zhenhua , Liu Gang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an aggregative game of Euler–Lagrange (EL) systems is studied, where the parameters of the EL systems are not available. To seek the Nash equilibrium of the game, a novel distributed Nash equilibrium seeking algorithm is proposed, where the system parameters are not used in the feedback control. Moreover, a Lyapunov function is constructed such that EL players are proved to exponentially converge to the Nash equilibrium of the game. Finally, an example in the electricity market is provided to illustrate our result.
Doubt on the statistical significance of the Giant GRB Ring
Authors: Fujii Hirokazu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBalázs et al. discovered a gigaparsec‐scale ring‐like cluster of gamma‐ray bursts (GRBs) at redshift , the so‐called Giant GRB Ring (GGR), and claimed that the existence of such a gigantic structure challenges the standard cosmological paradigm. We show that the kth nearest neighbor analysis of Balázs et al., by which they estimated the probability of finding by chance a GRB cluster comparable to the GGR to be only 0.05%, has several flaws in the statistical reasoning. After correcting these flaws, the above probability becomes 5–20%, considerably higher than the original estimate and large enough to discard the hypothesis that the GGR has a physical origin. Moreover, this probability is even higher, 60–90%, when using the most recent compilation of GRB data whose redshifts have been measured. We conclude that the GGR is merely a pattern that occurred by chance in the random distribution of GRBs.
An environmentally friendly production ofester‐biolubricantfrom oleic acid
Authors: Ramos F. Javier , de Haro Juan Carlos , Rodríguez Juan Francisco , Pérez Ángel , Carmona Manuel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe production of oleic‐based trimethylolpropane (TMP) esters via the esterification reaction between oleic acid (OA) and TMP in a reactive distillation system, employing the environmentally friendly catalyst methanesulfonic acid, was explored. The homogeneous acid catalyst, the OA/TMP molar ratio within 1.0–3.0, the esterification reaction enhancement and a new purification technique, using choline hydroxide (ChOH), for obtaining choline carboxylate as a subproduct, were studied. It was found that using an OA/TMP molar ratio of 3.0, only unreacted OA remained as an impurity. The deleterious or beneficial effect of intermediate products, unreacted OA and temperature on the kinematic viscosity were unraveled. The kinematic viscosity behavior for the products was practically independent of temperature but an abrupt enlargement of the kinematic viscosity was observed in the presence of functional groups in the intermediate esters, even greater than the Mark–Houwink counterpart effect. On contrary, the presence of OA in the final product decreased the kinematic viscosity attending to its lower molecular weight with respect to the trimethylolpropane trioleate one. It was found that trimethylolpropane monooleate is undesirable for the viscosity index, whereas the presence of trimethylolpropane dioleate could also increase the viscosity index to a small extent, requiring a complex purification process. Finally, it is possible to affirm that the optimal TMP‐based lubricant obtained using an OA/TMP molar ratio of 3.0, after OA neutralization presented good marginal benefit and a viscosity index of 208.7, which is applicable for gear lubricants. © 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Pooled outcomes of performing freehand transperineal prostate biopsy with the PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System
Authors: Tzeng Michael , Basourakos Spyridon P. , Patel Hiten D. , Allaway Matthew J. , Hu Jim C. , Gorin Michael A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo report the results of a pooled analysis evaluating the cancer detection rates, complications, and tolerability of prostate biopsies performed using the PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System.Patients and MethodsThe medical literature was reviewed to identify studies published prior to 1 October 2021 evaluating the PrecisionPoint device for performance of transperineal prostate biopsy. Pooled analyses were performed to assess overall and clinically significant cancer detection rates. Additionally, data on complications as well as patient tolerability of the procedure when performed under local anaesthesia were extracted.ResultsTransperineal biopsy with the PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System achieved overall and clinically significant cancer detection rates of 67.9% and 42.6%, respectively. Among patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System 3, 4, and 5 lesions on prostate magnetic resonance imaging, clinically significant disease was found in 31.7%, 55.7%, and 71.8% of patients, respectively. Complications were rare, with sepsis reported in 4 (0.1%) of 3411 procedures despite frequent omission of antibiotic prophylaxis. Patients reported acceptable tolerability of the procedure when performed under local anaesthesia.ConclusionsWithin the available medical literature, there is uniform evidence supporting the use of the PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System for performing prostate biopsy procedures. The reported cancer detection and infectious complication rates with this device are in line with other methods for performing transperineal prostate biopsy. A unique aspect of the PrecisionPoint device is its ability to facilitate performing transperineal prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia. This factor will likely lead to increased adoption of the beneficial transperineal approach to prostate biopsy.
Conjoined twins and conjoined triplets: At the heart of the matter
Authors: Oostra Roelof‐Jan , Schepens‐Franke Annelieke N. , Magno Giovanni , Zanatta Alberto , Boer Lucas L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConjoined triplets are among the rarest of human malformations, as are asymmetric or parasitic conjoined twins. Based on a very modest corpus of recent literature, we applied the embryonic disk model of conjoined twinning to 10 previously reported cases involving asymmetric anatomical multiplications to determine whether they concerned conjoined twins or conjoined triplets. In spite of their phenotypic similarities, we diagnosed four of these cases as conjoined twins and three of them as conjoined triplets. In the remaining three cases, no definite diagnosis could be made, as essential information was lacking from the reports. We conclude that it is not necessarily the expected duplication or triplication of structures that points to the correct diagnosis in these cases, but the number and mutual position of the hearts they presented with. Considering their rarity we stress to thoroughly investigate and describe internal (dys)morphology in novel cases of (asymmetric) conjoined twins and triplets to further unravel their pathogenicity and come to the correct diagnoses.
Guignardones Y–Z, Antiviral Meroterpenes from Penicillium sp. NBUF154 Associated with a Crella Sponge from the Marine Mesophotic Zone
Authors: Zou Jiabin , Wu Jialing , Ding Lijian , Wang Weiyi , Liu Yinghui , Feng Yunping , Lai Qiliang , Lin Wenhan , Wang Tingting , He Shan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGuignardones Y–Z (1–2), two new meroterpenoids, and six known metabolites involving guignardones A–H (3–4), gyorgy‐isoflavone (5), daidzein (6), blumenol A (7) and guignardianone A (8) were isolated from the fungus Penicillium sp. NBUF154, which was obtained from a 60 m deep Crella sponge. Their structures including absolute configurations were unambiguously elucidated by exhaustive spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations. A putative biosynthetic pathway toward guignardones (1–4) is here proposed. Biological evaluation of compounds 1–8 showed that 1 and 7 exert potent inhibitory effects towards human enterovirus 71 (EV71).
Variation in practice for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest treated with percutaneous coronary intervention in England and Wales
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Kinnaird Tim , Ludman Peter , Keeble Thomas R. , Mamas Mamas , Curzen Nick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the association between total center volume, operator volume, and out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volume.BackgroundVariations between OHCA PCI volume, hospital total PCI, and primary PCI volume are not well studied and are unlikely to be clinically justifiable.MethodsPatients undergoing PCI for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between January 1, 2014, and March 31, 2019, in England and Wales were grouped as OHCA PCI and non‐OHCA PCI. Spearman's correlation was used to determine the degree of correlation between each hospital PCI volume and OHCA PCI volume.ResultsOut of 250,088 PCI procedures undertaken for ACS, 12,016 (4.8%) were performed for OHCA, and 238,072 (95.2%) were non‐OHCA PCI procedures. The OHCA PCI group were younger [mean age (SD) 63.2 (12.3) and 65.6 (12.5, p < 0.001)], less likely to be female (20.2% vs. 26.9%, p < 0.001) or Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnicity (11.5% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001) compared to the non‐OHCA PCI group. Although there was a degree of correlation between total PCI and OHCA PCI, there was wide variation for both ACS cohort (Spearman correlation R2 = 0.50) and total PCI volume (Spearman correlation R2 = 0.60). Furthermore, the correlation between primary PCI volume and OHCA PCI within centers was weak (R2 = 0.10). Similarly, wide variations between operator PCI volume and OHCA PCI volume were observed.ConclusionThese national data demonstrate wide variation in the practice of OHCA PCI both between centers and individuals. These variations are not expected according to clinical factors and require further investigation.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Glucose Co‐Assisted Micro Titanium Niobium Oxide Hybrid Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lei Chanrong , Huang Shengyang , Qin Xue , Guo Zixiang , Wei Tianyu , Zhang Yuzhe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTitanium niobium oxide (TiNb2O7) has shown great potential to replace carbon‐based anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries because of its high theoretical specific capacity and high rate performance. However, the low intrinsic Li+/e− conductivity of TiNb2O7 restricts its extensive application. To overcome this disadvantage, a novel reduced graphene oxide/glucose co‐assisted micro titanium niobium oxide hybrid anodes (G/C/TNO) was designed by a bottom‐up one‐pot method. rGO mainly acted as the carrier to reach the goal of ameliorating electronic conductivity. Glucose, as the fixative and carbon source, chiefly played a protective role in the structural integrity during cycling and synergized with rGO to improve Li+/e− transport kinetics. Therefore, the novel G/C/TNO composite displayed a high specific capacity of 208.8 mAh g−1 at 2C after 500 cycles and a good cycling stability of 161.1 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 10C in the best case.
Direct Synthesis of Adipic Esters and Adiponitrile via Photoassisted Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkene Hydrodimerization
Authors: Ren Cheng , Ji Guanghao , Li Xiankai , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe direct hydrodimerization of acrylates and acrylonitrile offers a general streamlined access to industrially important intermediates to nylon 6,6. However, a practical catalytic method for this process has thus far underdeveloped owing to the challenges in regioselectivity and environmental compatibility of applied reagents. Here, we report a cobalt‐catalyzed tail‐to‐tail hydrodimerization of activated alkenes driven by a visible‐light photoredox catalysis at ambient temperature, which is applicable to both adipates and adiponitrile synthesis from potentially renewable feedstocks. This protocol utilizes half equivalent of hantzsch ester as a recyclable two‐electron and two‐proton donor with the assistance of catalytic amount of base as a proton shuttle, and has been shown to be highly regioselective and efficient for hydrodimerizing various activated alkenes to 1,4‐difunctionalized butane derivatives.
Intelligent sort‐timing prediction for image‐activated cell sorting
Authors: Zhao Yaqi , Isozaki Akihiro , Herbig Maik , Hayashi Mika , Hiramatsu Kotaro , Yamazaki Sota , Kondo Naoko , Ohnuki Shinsuke , Ohya Yoshikazu , Nitta Nao , Goda Keisuke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntelligent image‐activated cell sorting (iIACS) has enabled high‐throughput image‐based sorting of single cells with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. This AI‐on‐a‐chip technology combines fluorescence microscopy, AI‐based image processing, sort‐timing prediction, and cell sorting. Sort‐timing prediction is particularly essential due to the latency on the order of milliseconds between image acquisition and sort actuation, during which image processing is performed. The long latency amplifies the effects of the fluctuations in the flow speed of cells, leading to fluctuation and uncertainty in the arrival time of cells at the sort point on the microfluidic chip. To compensate for this fluctuation, iIACS measures the flow speed of each cell upstream, predicts the arrival timing of the cell at the sort point, and activates the actuation of the cell sorter appropriately. Here, we propose and demonstrate a machine learning technique to increase the accuracy of the sort‐timing prediction that would allow for the improvement of sort event rate, yield, and purity. Specifically, we trained an algorithm to predict the sort timing for morphologically heterogeneous budding yeast cells. The algorithm we developed used cell morphology, position, and flow speed as inputs for prediction and achieved 41.5% lower prediction error compared to the previously employed method based solely on flow speed. As a result, our technique would allow for an increase in the sort event rate of iIACS by a factor of ~2.
Distributed energy‐efficient data reduction approach based on prediction and compression to reduce data transmission in IoT networks
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Mohammed , Idrees Ali Kadhum , Couturier Raphael 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn the modern world, it will be necessary to deploy a large number of sensor devices to sense everything around us in order to detect changes, risks, and hazards and to mitigate them. This increasing number of sensor devices represents an essential data provider in the Internet of Things (IoT). The devices generate and transmit a huge amounts of data which requires a large amount of storage and high processing power to come real‐time processing and speed up the network. It also leads to an increase in high energy consumption. Thus, it is important to remove redundant data to reduce the data transmission before sending it to the gateway while maintaining a good level of data quality. In this paper, a distributed energy‐efficient data reduction (DEDaR) approach based on prediction and compression to minimize the data transmission in IoT Networks is proposed. The DEDaR is used in periods to make decision. In each period, the autoregressive prediction (ARP) is used to predict the data of the next period and make a decision on whether to send the data of the current period to the gateway or not. In the case of data transmission, the redundant data are eliminated using an efficient compression approach based on adaptive piecewise constant approximation (APCA), symbolic aggregate approximation (SAX), and finally fixed code dictionary (FCD) based on Huffman encoding. The simulation results based on real‐sensed data show that the proposed DEDaR approach outperforms the other recent methods in terms of data reduction percentage, transmitted data size, energy consumption, and data accuracy.
A nomogram to predict the in‐hospital mortality of patients with congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Jiamin , Li Ying , Liu Peng , Wu Huihui , Su Guohai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsPatients with congestive heart failure (CHF) may also suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the two conditions may interact to increase the risk of death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors contributing to in‐hospital mortality in patients with CHF and CKD and to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of in‐hospital mortality.Methods and resultsThis retrospective study used data from the Marketplace for Medical Information in Intensive Care (MIMIC‐IV, version 1.0). Patients diagnosed with CHF and CKD in MIMIC‐IV were included in this study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression is used to select risk variables for the nomogram model, and bootstrap is used for internal validation. Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) and Logistic Organ Dysfunction Score (LODS) were compared with the nomogram model by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). A total of 4638 adult patients with CHF and CKD were included in the final cohort; of them, 707 (15.2%) died and 3931 (84.8%) survived during hospitalization. Our final model included the following 13 variables: age, acute kidney injury, myocardial infarction, anaemia, heart rate ≥ 100 b.p.m., systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg, anion gap (AG) ≥ 20 mEq/L, sodium ≥ 145 mEq/L, red blood cell distribution width (RDW) ≥ 15.5%, white blood cell count ≥ 10 K/μL, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and beta‐blocker. The corrected C‐statistic of the nomogram was 0.767, and the calibration curve indicating good concordance between the predicted and observed values. The nomogram demonstrated good accuracy for predicting the in‐hospital mortality with an AUC of 0.771 (95% CI: 0.752–0.790), while the AUC for SAPS II and LODS was 0.747 (95% CI: 0.726–0.767) and 0.752 (95% CI: 0.730–0.773), respectively. DCA found that when the threshold probability was 0.05 to 0.41, the nomogram model could provide a greater net benefit than SAPS II.ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort analysis of patients with CHF and CKD, we identified 13 independent variables associated with in‐hospital mortality using LASSO logistic regression. RDW, AG, and CRRT were reported to play a significant role in in‐hospital mortality among patients with CHF and CKD for the first time. Based on a simplified model including 13 variables, a nomogram was drawn to predict the risk of in‐hospital mortality. In comparison with SAPS II and LODS, the nomogram model performed well.
Efficient Copper(I) Extraction by Ethylenediamine from Stable Catenane Complexes
Authors: Yao Yueliang , Deng Yulin , Kong Linghui , Au‐Yeung Ho Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new demetallation method for Cu(I)‐bound catenanes that contain a strong binding bis(phenanthroline) cavity using the bidentate ethylenediamine is reported. Cu(I) extraction using the organic diamine is mild, convenient and efficient, and the metal can be removed from the kinetically stable catenane complexes in various solvents within 5 minutes, offering an alternative strategy to the use of toxic cyanide in competing for the Cu(I) coordination.