bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A conceptual validation of transformative learning theory
Authors: Stuckey Heather L. , Peyrot Mark , Conway Riana , Taylor Edward W. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the integrated transformative learning theory and quantitative measurement model developed by Stuckey and colleagues in 2013.MethodsThe Transformative Leaning Survey (TLS) was administered as a cross‐sectional web survey to 467 respondents recruited from a variety of sources. The questionnaire includes four transformative learning outcome measures (acting differently, deeper self‐awareness, holding more open perspectives, experiencing a deep shift in worldview) and 14 transformative learning process measures in three domains (extra‐rational, rational, social critique).ResultsThe majority of respondents were female (73.7 percent), white (70.7 percent), with a graduate degree (57.2 percent), and professional employment (56.1 percent); the median age was 35–44. Reliabilities (alpha) of TLS scales ranged from 0.68 to 0.91 (median = 0.78). Multivariate regression identified two rational process factors (Action, Disorienting Dilemma) and two social critique process factors (Empowerment, Unveiling Oppression) that had significant (p
< 0.05) positive independent associations with multiple transformative learning outcome measures; no extra‐rational process measures were significant.ConclusionsThis study replicates, validates, and extends the development of the Transformative Leaning Survey and advances transformative learning theory by identifying drivers of transformative learning outcomes. Further quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method research on transformative learning is needed.
Transcriptional responses to gibberellin in the maize tassel and control by DELLA domain proteins
Authors: Best Norman B. , Dilkes Brian P. 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYThe plant hormone gibberellin (GA) impacts plant growth and development differently depending on the developmental context. In the maize (Zea mays) tassel, application of GA alters floral development, resulting in the persistence of pistils. GA signaling is achieved by the GA‐dependent turnover of DELLA domain transcription factors, encoded by dwarf8 (d8) and dwarf9 (d9) in maize. The D8‐Mpl and D9‐1 alleles disrupt GA signaling, resulting in short plants and normal tassel floret development in the presence of excess GA. However, D9‐1 mutants are unable to block GA‐induced pistil development. Gene expression in developing tassels of D8‐Mpl and D9‐1 mutants and their wild‐type siblings was determined upon excess GA3 and mock treatments. Using GA‐sensitive transcripts as reporters of GA signaling, we identified a weak loss of repression under mock conditions in both mutants, with the effect in D9‐1 being greater. D9‐1 was also less able to repress GA signaling in the presence of excess GA3. We treated a diverse set of maize inbred lines with excess GA3 and measured the phenotypic consequences on multiple aspects of development (e.g., height and pistil persistence in tassel florets). Genotype affected all GA‐regulated phenotypes but there was no correlation between any of the GA‐affected phenotypes, indicating that the complexity of the relationship between GA and development extends beyond the two‐gene epistasis previously demonstrated for GA and brassinosteroid biosynthetic mutants.
Evaluation of Clinical and Technical Parameters to Customize Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants
Authors: Ghidotti Anna , Landi Daniele , Regazzoni Daniele , Rizzi Caterina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since every structure in the human body can vary, customization is important to choose the most appropriate medical option according to the patient. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure for the knee replacement that has a high rate of patient’s dissatisfaction. Indeed, conventional prostheses are based on anthropometric data that accommodate common knees. However, mismatch can occur due to anatomical variations among the individuals. Thanks to the advances in imaging techniques and 3D modeling, it is possible to create customized knee implants starting from medical images. In this context, the present research proposes a methodology to design a customized knee implant taking into account clinical (e.g., prosthesis alignment and surgical cuts) and technical parameters (e.g., materials) that have a direct impact on TKA performance and patient’s satisfaction. Changing these parameters, different scenarios have been modeled and simulated to understand the most suitable combination. Finite element analysis (FEA) has been employed to simulate and compare the proposed customized models, changing the different clinical and technical parameters. Stress induced by different combinations of the parameters has been evaluated to choose the optimal solution among the eight proposed scenarios. The optimum is reached with a physiological alignment, with six femoral facets and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tibial insert. The implant design maintains the natural joint line and allows preserving more bone. The material is the parameter that mostly influences the stress distribution.
A Novel Wake Control Approach for Power Generation Improvement of Three Wind Turbines in a Wind Farm
Authors: Toosi Mahdi Erfanian Nakhchi , Rahmati Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The total power generation of a wind farm is significantly affected by the adverse wake generation of upstream wind turbines on the aerodynamic performance of the downstream wind turbines. This paper aims to provide a novel hybrid wake control strategy to improve the power generation of horizontal-axis wind turbines in a wind-farm layout. A numerical simulation based on the actuator line method with large eddy simulation (ALM–LES) is performed to investigate the airflow around three-dimensional National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW turbines in a three-by-one layout. The yaw angle (θ) and tilt angle (ϕ) of the wind turbines are in the range of (−30 deg&lt;θ&lt;30 deg) and (0&lt;ϕ&lt;35 deg), respectively. Firstly, the combined effects of yaw-control and tilt-control methods on the velocity profile, vorticity generation and turbulent kinetic energy in the wake region of the multiscale wind farm are investigated. Afterwards, the total power generation of the wind farm is compared with previous wake control methods of wind turbines. It was observed that the proposed hybrid wake control method could improve the total power generation by 9.94% compared to the previous wind turbine wake control techniques. The hybrid control strategy can deviate the wake much better than typical single-control methods. An optimization analysis is also provided to find the most appropriate yaw angles and tilt angles of the wind turbines subject to varying wind speeds.
Restitution of Impacting Projectiles in Ceramic Matrix Composites Subject to Foreign Object Damage
Authors: Faucett D. C. , Mattison J. T. , Choi S. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Accurate assessments of rebound velocity of a projectile in impact events for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are important since the rebound velocity affects the degree of resultant impact damage in both CMC targets and projectiles. A series of in-depth characterizations of coefficients of restitution (COR), which is defined as rebound velocity divided by impact velocity of a projectile, was made using various types of gas-turbine grade CMCs in conjunction with dynamic imaging and data-acquisition systems. Both the impact aspects and the COR were characterized as a function of impact velocities ranging from 150 m/s to Mach 1 and were analyzed with respect to materials' key properties. An important experimental observation was that regardless of types of CMCs employed, the corresponding CORs at an impact velocity of 350 m/s (i.e., Mach 1) yielded consistently the same value close to 0.1–0.2. The temperature effect in COR was found to be minor to 1100 °C as assessed with the specialty SiC/SiCs, also independent of environmental barrier coatings (EBCs). The COR were also determined in other materials systems such as advanced monolithic ceramics and some metallic materials in an attempt to construct an overall COR map in response to related foreign object damage (FOD) events.
In Situ Grown CoMn-Based Metal–Organic Framework on Nickel Foam as Efficient and Robust Electrodes for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Hua , He Fei , Li Zheng , Du Zhenyao , Tang Kewen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It is of great significance to develop efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts based on inexpensive and earth-abundant materials to enable water splitting as a future renewable energy source. Herein, the in situ grown CoMn-MOF-74 on nickel foam and their use as active electrodes for high-performance water-oxidation catalysis are reported. In alkaline media, the binder-free three-dimensional (3D) electrode shows superior OER activity with a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a small overpotential of 260 mV, a Tafel slope of 58.2 mV dec−1, as well as excellent stability, making it one of the most active OER catalyst. Such high performance is attributed to increased electrochemically active areas, accelerated electron transport capability and the synergy between metal–organic framework (MOFs) and Ni substrate. This work elucidates a promising electrode for electrochemical water oxidation and enriches the direct application of MOF materials for future clean energy conversion and storage systems.
The Impact of the Spectral Tail on the Evolution of the Kurtosis of Random Seas
Authors: Barratt Dylan , van den Bremer Ton S. , Adcock Thomas A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We perform simulations of random seas based on narrow-banded spectra with directional spreading. Our wavefields are spatially homogeneous and nonstationary in time. We truncate the spectral tail for the initial conditions at different cutoff wavenumbers to assess the impact of the spectral tail on the kurtosis and spectral evolution. We consider two cases based on truncation of the wavenumber tail at |k|/kp=2.4 and |k|/kp=6. Our simulations indicate that the peak kurtosis value increases if the tail is truncated at |k|/kp=2.4 rather than |k|/kp=6. For the case with a wavenumber cutoff at |k|/kp=2.4, augmented kurtosis is accompanied by comparatively more aggressive spectral changes including redevelopment of the spectral tail. Similar trends are observed for the case with a wavenumber cutoff at |k|/kp=6, but the spectral changes are less substantial. Thus, the spectral tail appears to play an important role in a form of spectral equilibrium that reduces spectral changes and decreases the peak kurtosis value. Our findings suggest that care should be taken when truncating the spectral tail for the purpose of simulations/experiments. We also find that the equation of Fedele (2015, “On the Kurtosis of Deep-Water Gravity Waves,” J. Fluid Mech., 782, pp. 25–36) provides an excellent estimate of the peak kurtosis value. However, the bandwidth parameter must account for the spectral tail to provide accurate estimates of the peak kurtosis.
Effects of salicylic acid on growth performance, fecal score, blood profile, and nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs
Authors: Cao Shanchuan , Thanapal Palanisamy , Kim In Ho 
Published: September 2022

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of salicylic acid on growth performance in weaned pigs. A total of 80 weaning pigs ((Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc) with average initial body weight (BW) of 6.40 ± 1.42 kg were randomly assigned by BW for a 6-week feeding trial. Pigs were randomly allotted to two treatments, CON group (basal diet) and SA group (basal diet + 0.05% salicylic acid). There were eight replications in each treatment, with five pigs per pen. The results showed that SA group at days 14, 28, and 42 ( P < 0.05) significantly improved the BW gain of the weaning pig compared with CON group. In addition, during the overall experiment period (1–42 days), a tendency in higher average daily gain and average daily feed intake (0.05 < P < 0.1) were observed in pigs fed SA supplemented diet compared with those fed CON diet. Moreover, at the end of trial, the blood parameters of Fe concentration were higher in pigs ( P < 0.05) fed diet supplemented with SA. In conclusion, supplementation of SA positively influenced growth performance and serum Fe concentration, but there were no effects on nutrient digestibility and fecal score.
Evaluation of broadcast and spot herbicide applications for spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium L.) management in lowbush blueberry fields
Authors: Lyu Hugh , McKenzie-Gopsill Andrew , White Scott N. 
Published: September 2022

Spreading dogbane is a creeping herbaceous perennial weed in lowbush blueberry. Management is limited primarily to spot applications of dicamba, though recent herbicide registrations facilitate the evaluation of new broadcast and spot herbicide applications. The objectives of this research were to determine (1) the effect of sequential postemergence (POST) mesotrione application interval on spreading dogbane, (2) the effect of sequential POST mesotrione and foramsulfuron applications on spreading dogbane, (3) the effect of POST herbicide tank mixtures on spreading dogbane, (4) the effect of summer and fall spot herbicide applications on spreading dogbane, and (5) the effect of spot applications of dicamba tank mixtures with sulfonylurea herbicides on spreading dogbane. Broadcast mesotrione (144 g a.i. ha−1) and foramsulfuron (35 g a.i. ha−1) applications did not control spreading dogbane. Control was not improved by sequential applications of either herbicide. Broadcast mesotrione + foramsulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year density and may be more effective than either herbicide applied alone. Broadcast flazasulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year shoot density and flazasulfuron + foramsulfuron applications reduced non-bearing-year and bearing-year shoot densities. Summer spot applications of foramsulfuron and flazasulfuron caused 70% injury to spreading dogbane but did not reduce shoot density, and dicamba continues to be the most effective spot herbicide treatment. Fall spot applications did not control spreading dogbane due to early senescence of spreading dogbane shoots. Spot applications of dicamba at 0.96 or 1.92 g a.e. L water−1 provided equivalent spreading dogbane control and efficacy was not improved by tank mixture with foramsulfuron, flazasulfuron, or nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron.
Comparison of agri-environmental phosphorus tests for boreal agricultural and natural Podzols
Authors: Kedir Amana Jemal , McKenzie David Bruce , Ziadi Noura , Unc Adrian 
Published: September 2022

Over a dozen soil phosphorus (P) extraction procedures have been designed for agri-environmental purposes (P-tests). Sustainable expansion of agriculture into boreal regions dominated by Podzols requires further insights into P extractability. We extracted P from Podzol samples ( n = 96) using nine P-tests followed by both colorimetric (PCol) and inductively coupled plasma (PICP) quantifications and assessed the relationships between P-tests. Samples were collected by depth or horizon from agricultural fields and reference sites in eastern, central, and western Newfoundland, Canada. The soil P was extracted with water, citric acid, ammonium bicarbonate diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA), Morgan, Olsen, Bray-1, Bray-2, Mehlich-1, and Mehlich-3 solutions, thus targeting a wide range of extractable P pools in managed and natural Podzols. The soils had a pH of 3.4–6.9, organic matter of 0.5%–47.2%, and Al-M3 of 977–2561 mg kg−1. On average, water extracted the lowest PCol (1.0) and PICP (5.7) mg kg−1, while citric acid extracted the highest PCol (151) and PICP (290) mg kg−1. For the managed podzolic soils, the extractability of P followed the sequence water < Morgan < AB-DTPA < Mehlich-1 < Bray-1 < Mehlich-3 ≤ Olsen ≤ Bray-2 < citric acid; this varied slightly by quantification techniques and soil groups. The differences between PICP and PCol were most significant for the citric acid extracts. Most P-tests measurements were moderately to strongly correlated to P-M3ICP measurements ( r2 > 0.50) but variable with quantification techniques and soil depths. Given the diversity in extractable P pools across management-induced soil conditions, it is evident that a fully informed P management for the Newfoundland Podzols will require calibration of P-tests against crop P uptake.
FOXR2 Is an Epigenetically Regulated Pan-Cancer Oncogene That Activates ETS Transcriptional Circuits
Authors: Tsai Jessica W. , Cejas Paloma , Wang Dayle K. , Patel Smruti , Wu David W. , Arounleut Phonepasong , Wei Xin , Zhou Ningxuan , Syamala Sudeepa , Dubois Frank P.B. , Crane Alexander , Pelton Kristine , Vogelzang Jayne , Sousa Cecilia , Baguette Audrey , Chen Xiaolong , Condurat Alexandra L. , Dixon-Clarke Sarah E. , Zhou Kevin N. , Lu Sophie D. , Gonzalez Elizabeth M. , Chacon Madison S. , Digiacomo Jeromy J. , Kumbhani Rushil , Novikov Dana , Hunter J'Ya , Tsoli Maria , Ziegler David S. , Dirksen Uta , Jager Natalie , Balasubramanian Gnana Prakash , Kramm Christof M. , Nathrath Michaela , Bielack Stefan , Baker Suzanne J. , Zhang Jinghui , McFarland James M. , Getz Gad , Aguet François , Jabado Nada , Witt Olaf , Pfister Stefan M. , Ligon Keith L. , Hovestadt Volker , Kleinman Claudia L. , Long Henry , Jones David T.W. , Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Phoenix Timothy N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Forkhead box R2 (FOXR2) is a forkhead transcription factor located on the X chromosome whose expression is normally restricted to the testis. In this study, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of FOXR2 activation across more than 10,000 adult and pediatric cancer samples and found FOXR2 to be aberrantly upregulated in 70% of all cancer types and 8% of all individual tumors. The majority of tumors (78%) aberrantly expressed FOXR2 through a previously undescribed epigenetic mechanism that involves hypomethylation of a novel promoter, which was functionally validated as necessary for FOXR2 expression and proliferation in FOXR2-expressing cancer cells. FOXR2 promoted tumor growth across multiple cancer lineages and co-opted ETS family transcription circuits across cancers. Taken together, this study identifies FOXR2 as a potent and ubiquitous oncogene that is epigenetically activated across the majority of human cancers. The identification of hijacking of ETS transcription circuits by FOXR2 extends the mechanisms known to active ETS transcription factors and highlights how transcription factor families cooperate to enhance tumorigenesis.

Significance:
This work identifies a novel promoter that drives aberrant FOXR2 expression and delineates FOXR2 as a pan-cancer oncogene that specifically activates ETS transcriptional circuits across human cancers.
See related commentary by Liu and Northcott, p. 2977
Walk More, Eat Less, Don't Stress
Authors: Kucuk Omer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Unhealthy diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, and psychologic stress are associated with increased inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and DNA methylation, which are the main mechanisms of chronic diseases such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. It has recently been found that healthy diet and physical activity can reduce inflammatory markers and improve insulin sensitivity resulting in better survivorship outcomes in patients with prostate cancer. An “anti-inflammatory” lifestyle, including physical activity, healthy body weight, healthy diet, and stress reduction, has been associated with decreased cancer risk and progression. Epigenetic changes due to DNA methylation and altered gene expression associated with unhealthy lifestyle can be modulated by healthy behaviors. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) focuses on healthy lifestyle, and it supports research on psychologic and physical approaches including dietary supplements and plant-based products, as well as mind and body approaches, such as yoga, massage, meditation, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and acupuncture.
See related article by Langlais et al., p. 1760
On the Potential for Optimizing Colorectal Screening Outcomes
Authors: Brawley Otis W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer screening is a cancer control success. It is preventing thousands of deaths, but it has the potential of preventing thousands more. This can be achieved through offering all eligible patients high quality screening, diagnostics, and treatment. Let us educate and encourage colorectal screening among all average risk Americans beginning at 45. Let us not allow a recommendation to start at 45 to deemphasize screening those older persons who are most likely to benefit from colorectal cancer screening.
See related article by Liu et al., p. 1701
PRC2 Loss and DNMT Inhibition Boost Viral Mimicry in Cancer
Authors: Guil Sonia , Esteller Manel 
Published: September 2022

Summary:In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Patel and colleagues explore the synergistic lethality of PRC2 inactivation and DNMT inhibition in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells. Reactivation of retrotransposons under this dual control suggests that the viral mimicry response contributes to enhanced cytotoxicity with potential clinical implications.See related article by Patel et al., p. 2120 (5).
Religiões, suas imagens, performances e rituais
Authors: Barbosa Francirosy Campos , Silva Rubens Alves da , Simonard Pedro 
Published: September 2022

Instigados pelos saberes religiosos inteligíveis e sensíveis das religiões tradicionais e das diversas formas de pertencimento espiritual que escapam à estrutura formal religiosa, mas conectam o ser humano com aquilo que ele chama de sagrado, buscamos neste dossiê construir um mapa das representações que perpassam suas imagens, suas performances que evidenciam rituais e pertencimentos sagrados. As formas expressivas ganham nuances diferenciadas em espaços religiosos, tendo em vista determinadas restrições, o que faz com que o pesquisador tenha que lançar mão de estratégias estéticas e de pesquisa diferenciadas para compor seu universo imagético e performático. Este dossiê permeia o universo simbólico dos rituais religiosos, as digressões entre religião e política, as expressões de decolonialidade, o corpo entregue à devoção e outras análises que envolvam discussões sobre expressões sensíveis por meio de imagens, performances.
British “Black” Productions
Authors: Cormac Rory 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently declassified archival materials reveal that the United Kingdom conducted a sustained program of so-called black propaganda at the height of the Cold War. This article examines roughly 350 operations in which the British government spread propaganda through forgeries and front groups. Placing the campaign in its broader global history, the article demonstrates that British black propaganda mainly targeted Soviet activity in Africa and Asia as part of the postcolonial battle for influence. The British government engaged in black propaganda far more often than has previously been kown, including aggressive operations seeking to disrupt, attack, and sow chaos as much as simply to expose lies. Although much of the content was broadly accurate, the fake sources deliberately deceived audiences in order to encourage a reaction, incite violence, or foment racial tensions.