bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitatively Monitoring Bubble-Flow at a Seep Site Offshore Oregon: Field Trials and Methodological Advances for Parallel Optical and Hydroacoustical Measurements
Authors: Veloso-Alarcón Mario E. , Urban Peter , Weiss Tim , Köser Kevin , She Mengkun , Greinert Jens 
Published: July 2022

Two lander-based devices, the Bubble-Box and GasQuant-II, were used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability and total gas flow rates of a seep area offshore Oregon, United States. The Bubble-Box is a stereo camera–equipped lander that records bubbles inside a rising corridor with 80 Hz, allowing for automated image analyses of bubble size distributions and rising speeds. GasQuant is a hydroacoustic lander using a horizontally oriented multibeam swath to record the backscatter intensity of bubble streams passing the swath plain. The experimental set up at the Astoria Canyon site at a water depth of about 500 m aimed at calibrating the hydroacoustic GasQuant data with the visual Bubble-Box data for a spatial and temporal flow rate quantification of the site. For about 90 h in total, both systems were deployed simultaneously and pressure and temperature data were recorded using a CTD as well. Detailed image analyses show a Gaussian-like bubble size distribution of bubbles with a radius of 0.6–6 mm (mean 2.5 mm, std. dev. 0.25 mm); this is very similar to other measurements reported in the literature. Rising speeds ranged from 15 to 37 cm/s between 1- and 5-mm bubble sizes and are thus, in parts, slightly faster than reported elsewhere. Bubble sizes and calculated flow rates are rather constant over time at the two monitored bubble streams. Flow rates of these individual bubble streams are in the range of 544–1,278 mm3/s. One Bubble-Box data set was used to calibrate the acoustic backscatter response of the GasQuant data, enabling us to calculate a flow rate of the ensonified seep area (∼1,700 m2) that ranged from 4.98 to 8.33 L/min (5.38 × 106 to 9.01 × 106 CH4 mol/year). Such flow rates are common for seep areas of similar size, and as such, this location is classified as a normally active seep area. For deriving these acoustically based flow rates, the detailed data pre-processing considered echogram gridding methods of the swath data and bubble responses at the respective water depth. The described method uses the inverse gas flow quantification approach and gives an in-depth example of the benefits of using acoustic and optical methods in tandem.
The risk factors of type 2 diabetes in hypertensive subjects
Authors: Chen Yingqun , Ma Jiner , Lu Donghui , Fang Yefei 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveHypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) share common risk factors and usually co-occur. This study examined the relationship between HTN history and T2DM incidence in a cohort of Chinese hypertensive subjects.MethodsWe recruited 443 cases (T2DM and HTN) and 443 sex- and age-matched controls (HTN). The history of peak systolic blood pressure (SBP) was divided into 140-159, 160-179, and ≥ 180 mmHg, and that of peak diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was divided into 90-99, 100-109, and ≥ 110 mmHg. Multiple binary logistic regression models were used to explore the association between controlled HTN status and T2DM.ResultsCreatinine concentrations were higher in the cases than in the controls (P &lt; 0.05). The HTN duration was longer in the cases than in the controls (14.7 years vs. 13.2 years; P &lt; 0.05). Significant differences were also found in the history of peak SBP and DBP between the cases and controls (both P &lt; 0.05). Creatinine, HTN duration, and family history of T2DM were risk factors for T2DM in hypertensive subjects, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.013 (1.004-1.022), 1.025 (1.003-1.047), and 5.119 (3.266-8.026), respectively. Compared with the lowest level of peak DBP, the odds ratio for T2DM at the highest level of peak DBP was 1.757 (1.074-2.969). Subgroups analyses showed that the effect of the history of peak DBP on T2DM was significantly modified by sex (P-interaction = 0.037).ConclusionThe highest DBP and the longest HTN duration were both independently associated with T2DM in hypertensive subjects.
A Four-MicroRNA Panel in Serum as a Potential Biomarker for Screening Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Rongkang , Lu Chong , Li Xinji , Chen Xuan , Huang Guocheng , Wen Zhenyu , Li Hang , Tao Lingzhi , Hu Yimin , Zhao Zhengping , Chen Zebo , Lai Yongqing 
Published: July 2022

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been a major health problem and is one of the most malignant tumors around the world. Serum microRNA (miRNA) profiles previously have been reported as non-invasive biomarkers in cancer screening. The aim of this study was to explore serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening RCC.Methods: A three-phase study was conducted to explore serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening RCC. In the screening phase, 12 candidate miRNAs related to RCC were selected for further study by the ENCORI database with 517 RCC patients and 71 NCs. A total of 220 participants [108 RCC patients and 112 normal controls (NCs)] were enrolled for training and validation. The dysregulated candidate miRNAs were further confirmed with 30 RCC patients and 30 NCs in the training phase and with 78 RCC patients and 82 NCs in the validation phase. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used for assessing the diagnostic value of miRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis and survival analysis were also included in our study.Results: Compared to NCs, six miRNAs (miR-18a-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-200a-3p, and miR-363-3p) in serum were significantly dysregulated in RCC patients. A four-miRNA panel was built by combining these candidate miRNAs to improve the diagnostic value with AUC = 0.908. ABCG1 and RNASET2, considered potential target genes of the four-miRNA panel, may play a significant role in the development of RCC.Conclusion: A four-miRNA panel in serum was identified for RCC screening in our study. The four-–miRNA panel has a great potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for RCC screening.
Key LncRNAs Associated With Oxidative Stress Were Identified by GEO Database Data and Whole Blood Analysis of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Patients
Authors: Jiang Xueliang , Wu Junfei , Guo Chunhui , Song Wenhui 
Published: July 2022

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of low back pain, but the onset and progression of IDD are unknown. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been validated to play a critical role in IDD, while an increasing number of studies have linked oxidative stress (OS) to the initiation and progression of IDD. We aim to investigate key lncRNAs in IDD through a comprehensive network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and to identify possible underlying mechanisms.Methods: We downloaded IDD-related gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and obtained differentially expressed-lncRNAs (DE-lncRNA), -microRNAs (DE-miRNA), and -messenger RNAs (DE-mRNA) by bioinformatics analysis. The OS-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA interaction axis was constructed and key lncRNAs were identified based on ceRNA theory. We performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses on mRNAs regulated by lncRNAs in the ceRNA network. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to reveal the immune landscape. Expression of key lncRNAs in IDD was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: In this study, 111 DE-mRNAs, 20 DE-lncRNAs, and 502 DE-miRNAs were identified between IDD patients and controls, and 16 OS-related DE-lncRNAs were also identified. The resulting lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network consisted of eight OS-related DE-lncRNA nodes, 24 DE-miRNA nodes, 70 DE-mRNA nodes, and 183 edges. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the ceRNA network may be involved in regulating biological processes related to cytokine secretion, lipid, and angiogenesis. We also identified four key lncRNAs, namely lncRNA GNAS-AS1, lncRNA MIR100HG, lncRNA LINC01359, and lncRNA LUCAT1, which were also found to be significantly associated with immune cells.Conclusion: These results provide novel insights into the potential applications of OS-related lncRNAs in patients with IDD.
Characterization of KRAS Mutational Regression in Oligometastatic Patients
Authors: Ottaiano Alessandro , de Vera d’Aragona Roberta Penta , Trotta Anna Maria , Santorsola Mariachiara , Napolitano Maria , Scognamiglio Giosuè , Tatangelo Fabiana , Grieco Paolo , Zappavigna Silvia , Granata Vincenza , Perri Francesco , Luce Amalia , Savarese Giovanni , Ianniello Monica , Casillo Marika , Petrillo Nadia , Belli Andrea , Izzo Francesco , Nasti Guglielmo , Caraglia Michele , Scala Stefania 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundWe previously reported rare regressive genetic trajectories of KRAS pathogenic mutations as a specific hallmark of the genuine oligometastatic status in colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsSurvival and prognostic impact of disease extent in 140 metastatic CRC patients were evaluated through the Kaplan–Meyer curves and the Log-Rank test. KRAS mutations were assessed through the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform and TruSight™ Oncology 500 kit. HLA typing was carried out by PCR with sequence-specific oligonucleotides. Lymphocyte densities in tumors were expressed as cells per square millimeter. NKs isolated and CD8+ from NK-depleted PBMCs were characterized through flow cytometry. CD107a externalization was evaluated as NKs/CD8 cytotoxicity toward human colon cancer cells HT29, SW620, HCT116, and LS174T carrying different KRAS mutations.ResultsThe oligometastatic status was a strong and independent variable for survival (HR: 0.08 vs. polymetastatic disease; 95% CI: 0.02–0.26; p &lt; 0.001). Eighteen oligometastatic patients were selected. Twelve were alive at the last follow-up, and 9 were characterized. Genetic regression of KRAS was observed in 3 patients: patient (PAT)2, PAT5, and PAT8. PAT2 and PAT5 presented the highest levels of GrzB+ lymphocytes in the tumor cores of the metastases (120 ± 11.2 and 132 ± 12.2 cells/mm2, respectively). Six out of 9 patients (67%), including PAT2 and PAT5, expressed HLA-C7. Twopatients (PAT2 and PAT5) presented high CD3+/CD8+-dependent cytotoxicity against HLA-C7+ SW620 cells (p.G12V-mutated cells), which was consistent with their observed mutational regression (p.G12V/p.G13D in primary→p.G13D in metastatic tumor).ConclusionsWe provide evidence that CD3+/CD8+ lymphocytes from oligometastatic CRC patients display differential cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells carrying KRAS mutations. This could provide an interesting basis for monitoring oligometastatic disease and developing future adoptive immunotherapies.
The Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Development of Gastric Neoplastic Lesions in Patients With Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis
Authors: Dilaghi Emanuele , Bellisario Mario , Esposito Gianluca , Carabotti Marilia , Annibale Bruno , Lahner Edith 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been widely prescribed as a primary treatment for acid-related disorders. A large body of literature reported several adverse outcomes due to PPI therapy, including an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC). Autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the oxyntic mucosa, leading to mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and reduced gastric acid secretion, up to the possible development of dysplasia and intestinal-type GC. Whether PPI use may increase the GC risk in AAG patients has not yet been investigated. We conducted a case–control study in AAG patients to assess the association between the PPI use before AAG diagnosis and the development of GC at follow-up (FU).Materials and MethodsPatients were included from a prospective cohort of AAG patients (diagnosed 1992–2021) in a referral center for gastric autoimmunity; all patients adhered to an endoscopic–histological FU program according to Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS) I/II (management of epithelial precancerous conditions) guidelines. At diagnosis, clinical/biochemical data and PPI use before AAG diagnosis (withdrawn at the time of diagnosis), for at least 12 months, were evaluated. Patients who developed gastric neoplastic lesions (GNLs) at FU were considered as cases; patients without a diagnosis of GNLs at FU were considered as controls. At a total FU of 2.3 years (1–13), 35 cases were identified, and controls were matched 2:1 by age ( ± 3 years), gender, and years of FU (n=70); therefore, a total of n=105 patients were included in the study.ResultsThe proportion of PPI users before AAG diagnosis was significantly higher in cases than in controls (54.3% vs. 18.6%, p&lt;0.001). At logistic regression, considering as a dependent variable the development of GNLs at FU, a positive association was shown for PPI use before AAG diagnosis (OR 9.6, 95%CI 2.3–40.3), while other independent variables as the use of antiplatelets/anticoagulants (OR 2.8, 95%CI 0.7–12.0), age ≥ 50 years (OR 2.0, 95%CI 0.2–18.1), 1st-degree family history for GC (OR 2.4, 95%CI 0.4–15.2), and smoking habit (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.1–2.1) were not associated.ConclusionsPPI use before the diagnosis of AAG appears to considerably increase the risk of subsequent GNL development. Considering the common misuse of PPIs, physicians should regularly reevaluate the appropriateness of ongoing PPI therapy, in particular in patients with a clinical suspicion of or already diagnosed AAG.
Analyzing the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by atherosclerosis using transcriptome data
Authors: Wang Yimin , Su Wenge , Li Yunlun , Yuan Jie , Yao Minghao , Su Xiaoyi , Wang Yifei 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAccumulating evidence supports the predisposition of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to atherosclerosis (AS). However, the common pathogenesis of these two diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of SLE complicated by AS.MethodsGene expression profiles of SLE (GSE50772) and AS (GSE100927) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SLE and AS and performed enrichment analyses separately. After analyzing the common DEGs (CDEGs), we performed functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and hub genes (HGs) identification of CDEGs. Then, we performed a co-expression analysis of HGs and verified their expression and diagnostic value. We further explored immune cell infiltration and analyzed the correlation between HGs and infiltrating immune cells (IICs). Finally, we verified the reliability of the screening pathway.ResultsWe obtained 530 DEGs from the GSE50772 dataset and 448 DEGs from the GSE100927 dataset. The results of the enrichment analysis showed that there were many similar immune- and inflammation-related processes between the two diseases. We analyzed 26 CDEGs (two downregulated genes and 24 upregulated genes) and enrichment analysis highlighted the important role of the IL-17 signaling pathway. We identified five HGs (CCR1, CD163, IL1RN, MMP9, and SIGLEC1) using the CytoHubba plugin and HGs validation showed that the five HGs screened were reliable. Co-expression networks showed that five HGs can affect mononuclear cell migration. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated monocytes in SLE and M0 macrophages in AS accounted for a high proportion of all IICs, and the difference in infiltration was obvious. We also found a significant positive correlation between CCR1, CD163, IL1RN, and MMP9 and monocytes in SLE, and a significant positive correlation between CCR1, IL1RN, MMP9, and SIGLEC1 and M0 macrophages in AS. Pathway validation also demonstrated that the IL-17 signaling pathway was a key pathway for the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages.ConclusionsThe five HGs may promote the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages by influencing the IL-17 signaling pathway, leading to SLE complicated by AS. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms of SLE complicated by AS.
Microplastics in commercial clams from the intertidal zone of the South Yellow Sea, China
Authors: Tang Ruikai , Zhang Tao , Song Kexin , Sun Yixin , Chen Yangjun , Huang Wei , Feng Zhihua 
Published: July 2022

Clams are commercially important species and are a vital component of the offshore ecosystem. Investigations on microplastics (MPs) in clams have attracted public attention recently, for its ecological and food safety risks. However, knowledge gaps still exist regarding MPs in commercial clams from the intertidal zone of the South Yellow Sea (SYS), China, an important clam habitat. In this study, to investigate the distribution of MPs in clams of the SYS, four species of clams were collected from nine sites in different tide zones (high, middle, and low tides) in three coastal areas (Nantong, Yancheng and Lianyungang). The abundance and characteristics of MPs, including size, shape, color and composition, were determined using microscope and micro-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, to evaluate the MPs purification ability of clams, the abundance of MPs in various tissues was examined by microscopic observation after being purified in filtered seawater for 72 h. The results showed that there were significant differences in the abundance of MPs in clams from different regions, with the most serious pollution in the high-tide zone. Moreover, the lowest MPs abundance was found in Yancheng (5.07 ± 2.73 items/individual, 1.16 ± 0.78 items/g), while Lianyungang was found with the most abundant MPs (7.52 ± 2.68 items/individual, 3.94 ± 3.00 items/g). The size of MPs in Ruditapes philippinarum (1,329.99 μm) was significantly higher than in other species. The MPs in clams were characterized by fiber in shape, black-grey, blue-green and white-transparent in color and rayon in composition. Moreover, it was found that the MPs originally present in various tissues tended to migrate and accumulate into the mantle of the clam during depuration, and after 72 h of depuration, removing the mantle could reduce nearly half amount of microplastics in clams. Overall, our study revealed the microplastic distribution in commercial clams from the intertidal zone of the SYS and provided suggestions for the safety of aquatic production.
Impact of Typhoon on Coastal Upwelling Off The Eastern Hainan Island: A Case Study of Typhoon Rammasun (2014)
Authors: Hong Bo , Huang Xiongxing , Liu Sumin , Xu Hongzhou 
Published: July 2022

The Hainan Island coastal upwelling (HIU hereafter) off the eastern Hainan Island (EHI) is an important phenomenon in the northern South China Sea. Though this phenomenon has been extensively studied, the fast responses of its inner oceanic processes to typhoon passage remain unclear. Based on satellite data and a validated three-dimensional numerical model, the HIU response to the passage of Typhoon Rammasun (2014) are explored in this study. Impacted by Rammasun, the climbing of deep water off the EHI was depressed and the bottom cold water moved seaward for at least 10 km. Though the HIU was weakened, a cooling event and Chl-a bloom in the HIU were formed after the passage of Rammasun. Diagnostic analyses revealed that both advection and diffusion terms contributed to controlling the local rate of temperate change during the typhoon passage and the advection terms showed significant internal wave signals along the shelf break off southeastern Hainan Island. At the same time, strong near-inertial waves (NIWs) with 0.705 cpd were triggered in the HIU. The NIWs lasted for about two weeks and caused strong vertical mixing in the HIU after Rammasun. Overall, typhoon wind and NIWs combined to dominate temperature variation in the HIU during the typhoon period.
The Impact of Climate Change on Bivalve Farming: Combined Effect of Temperature and Salinity on Survival and Feeding Behavior of Clams Ruditapes decussatus
Authors: Rato Ana , Joaquim Sandra , Matias Ana Margarete , Roque Cláudia , Marques António , Matias Domitília 
Published: July 2022

European clam (Ruditapes decussatus) is one of the most relevant emergent bivalve species from the aquaculture sector in Europe with high economic value. Climate changes represent a potential limiting factor to this activity, directly interfering with the survival and behavior of bivalves. Severe fluctuations in temperature along with periods of heavy rainfall or periods of drought that significantly change the salinity can promote physiological stress in bivalves, resulting in changes in physiological and behavioral responses and, in extreme cases, leading to high mortalities. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of temperature and salinity on mortality and feeding behavior of R. decussatus. Juveniles and adults were exposed to combined ranges of temperature (5°C–35°C) and salinity (0–40). Mortality and feeding behavior were registered every 24 h of each 120-h trial. A control temperature range was set between 15°C and 23°C, where mortality and feeding behavior were considered as the normal scenario. Our data suggested salinity 15 as a “turning point,” a point from which occurred distinct patterns in mortality and feeding behavior. The results evidently indicate that abrupt reductions in salinity and sharp increases in temperature will lead to high mortality of R. decussatus. Juveniles were revealed to be more sensitive to the increase of temperature in a less saline environment, to suffer greater and faster mortalities, and to be more resistant to extremely high temperatures under more saline conditions. The high temperatures and sporadic heavy rainfall that are predicted to occur in the south of Europe due to climate changes will contribute to compromise the recruitment of European clam, thus threatening the production of this species and consequently impacting the economic sector.