bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREDICT‐GTN1: Can we improve theFIGOscoring system in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia?
Authors: Parker Victoria L. , Winter Matthew C. , Tidy John A. , Hancock Barry W. , Palmer Julia E. , Sarwar Naveed , Kaur Baljeet , McDonald Katie , Aguiar Xianne , Singh Kamaljit , Unsworth Nick , Jabbar Imran , Pacey Allan A. , Harrison Robert F. , Seckl Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients are treated according to the eight‐variable International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) scoring system, that aims to predict first‐line single‐agent chemotherapy resistance. FIGO is imperfect with one‐third of low‐risk patients developing disease resistance to first‐line single‐agent chemotherapy. We aimed to generate simplified models that improve upon FIGO. Logistic regression (LR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) modelling (n = 4191) generated six models (M1‐6). M1, all eight FIGO variables (scored data); M2, all eight FIGO variables (scored and raw data); M3, nonimaging variables (scored data); M4, nonimaging variables (scored and raw data); M5, imaging variables (scored data); and M6, pretreatment hCG (raw data) + imaging variables (scored data). Performance was compared to FIGO using true and false positive rates, positive and negative predictive values, diagnostic odds ratio, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Bland‐Altman calibration plots, decision curve analysis and contingency tables. M1‐6 were calibrated and outperformed FIGO on true positive rate and positive predictive value. Using LR and MLP, M1, M2 and M4 generated small improvements to the ROC curve and decision curve analysis. M3, M5 and M6 matched FIGO or performed less well. Compared to FIGO, most (excluding LR M4 and MLP M5) had significant discordance in patient classification (McNemar's testP < .05); 55‐112 undertreated, 46‐206 overtreated. Statistical modelling yielded only small gains over FIGO performance, arising through recategorisation of treatment‐resistant patients, with a significant proportion of under/overtreatment as the available data have been used a priori to allocate primary chemotherapy. Streamlining FIGO should now be the focus.
A regressed germ cell tumor discovered secondary to azoospermia
Authors: Tsujioka Hiroki , Uemura Keiichiro , Iwahata Toshiyuki , Inoue Yasuyuki , Inoue Minoru , Osaka Akiyoshi , Nakayama Akinori , Okada Hiroshi , Saito Kazutaka 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionRegressed germ cell tumors are a rare disease commonly diagnosed with metastatic symptoms without local symptoms in the testis.Case presentationA 33‐year‐old man with azoospermia was referred to our hospital. His right testis was slightly swollen, and ultrasonography revealed hypoechogenicity of the right testis with decreased blood flow. Right high orchiectomy was performed. Pathologically, the seminiferous tubules were absent or highly atrophied with vitrification degeneration; however, no neoplastic lesion was confirmed. One‐month post‐surgery, the patient noticed a mass in the left supraclavicular fossa, of which a biopsy revealed seminoma. The patient was diagnosed with a regressed germ cell tumor and underwent systemic chemotherapy.ConclusionWe reported the first case of a regressed germ cell tumor discovered due to complaints of azoospermia.
Parental conditional regard: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Haines Jolene E. , Schutte Nicola S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionParental conditional regard involves parents giving or withdrawing affection and approval, depending on children's and adolescents' compliance with parental expectations, to shape behaviors and traits. Research grounded in self‐determination theory suggests parental conditional regard harms psychological development. Using self‐determination theory as a theoretical foundation for investigating outcomes associated with parental conditional regard, the present study consolidated meta‐analytic associations between parental conditional regard and four theoretically important individual difference correlates: introjected self‐regulation, contingent self‐esteem, depressive symptoms, and relatedness.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted using the PsycINFO, ProQuest, and EBSCO databases for English‐language, peer‐reviewed published studies and unpublished studies. Eligible studies reported an association between parental conditional regard and the four theoretically derived correlates or another correlate of interest in pre‐adolescent children, adolescents, or young adults. The results were based on a random‐effects model for meta‐analyses and the Q statistic for moderator analyses.ResultsAcross 31 samples in total, greater parental conditional regard was significantly associated with more introjected regulation (r = .33), contingent self‐esteem (r = .29), and level of depressive symptoms (r = .22); and less relatedness (r = −.24). Moderator results for parental conditional regard type found parental conditional regard's association with introjected regulation was significantly stronger for studies measuring giving regard (parental conditional positive regard) than withdrawing regard (parental conditional negative regard). The association of parental conditional regard with depressive symptoms was significantly stronger for studies measuring parental conditional negative regard than parental conditional positive regard.ConclusionsThe meta‐analytic results provide theoretical and empirical support for the connections between self‐determination and the impact of parental conditional regard.
Internet impropriety: Moral identity, moral disengagement, and antisocial online behavior within an early adolescent to young adult sample
Authors: Saulnier Luc , Krettenauer Tobias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionInformation and Communication Technologies (ICT) are the most popular medium for social communication amongst adolescents and young adults. However, there is growing concern surrounding heightened ICT use and the activation of influential social constructs such as moral identity and moral disengagement. The importance of moral ideals to oneself (i.e., moral identity) and the distancing of oneself from these moral ideals (i.e., moral disengagement) are often contextual and were tested for differences in online domains compared to face‐to‐face interactions.MethodsThree hundred and ninety‐two early adolescent to young adult participants (Mage = 19.54 years, SD = 4.48) completed self‐report questionnaires that assessed online and face‐to‐face behavior in this cross‐sectional study.ResultsMoral identity in an online context was significantly lower when compared to family and friend contexts. Further, moral disengagement was significantly higher in an online context when compared to face‐to‐face contexts and online moral disengagement significantly mediated the relationship between online moral identity and antisocial online behaviors (i.e., pirating, trolling, and hacking, etc.,). Both of these contextual differences remained stable across early adolescence to young adulthood.ConclusionMoral identity and moral disengagement exhibit sociocognitive effects within online contexts across ages of early developmental importance. These results may account for high prevalence rates of antisocial online behavior such as trolling, pirating, and hacking within this sample. As social interaction for younger demographics continues to gravitate online, these results highlight that online contexts can influence important personality constructs.
How does cross‐sectional sampling bias our understanding of adolescent romantic relationships?: An agent‐based simulation
Authors: Darling Nancy , Burns Ian R. D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescent romantic relationships are developmentally significant, but relatively brief and often disrupted by changes in context. Large individual differences and age‐related change make sampling complex. Most adolescents have multiple romantic relationships. Which should we sample? To better understand the issues involved, this study used a simulation – an agent‐based computational model – to generate model worlds, each following the relationships formed and dissolved over 5 years. Cross‐sectional sample estimates of the number, duration, and type of relationships were compared to population parameters of all relationships formed within the 5 years. Computational models can provide useful insight into sampling bias because (1) the processes producing the results are explicit, (2) results can be replicated to reduce sample idiosyncrasies, and (3) sample statistics can be compared to known population parameters.Methods1000 iterations were run of an agent‐based model following 1000 individuals interacting for 60 “months.” The model included three types of individuals differing in relationship duration. Two sets of 1000 cross‐sectional samples were drawn from the 60,000 cross‐sectional “months.” Sample statistics were compared to the population parameters.ResultsCross‐sectional samples systematically over‐represented longer relationships. The ability to detect individual differences in the duration and number of partners varied with time. These results suggest that cross‐sectional survey and observational studies may be time sensitive and systematically distort our understanding of adolescent romantic relationships by oversampling longer‐term relationships. Results also illustrate how computational models can provide insight into complex phenomena.
Evaluation of the circumferential location of mild reflux esophagitis (Grade A and B) in the lower esophagus
Authors: Yamada Akiyoshi , Hoshihara Yoshio , Hoshikawa Yoshimasa , Momma Eri , Koeda Mai , Hoshino Shintaro , Kawami Noriyuki , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimDiscrepancies have been reported in the circumferential locations of mild mucosal breaks. We investigated their locations using a new method.MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Eighty patients (Grade A/B: 53/27) with mild mucosal breaks in the lower esophagus were examined. Since the 3 o'clock position corresponded to the right wall of the lower esophagus using our method with sufficient accuracy, the circumferential locations of mucosal breaks were identified as times on a clock face, which were changed to circular data to calculate the mean direction. The circumferential distribution of mucosal breaks was evaluated in the single lesion group (single group) and multiple lesion group (multiple group).ResultsForty‐eight of 80 patients had 1 mucosal break, while 32 had ≥2 mucosal breaks. Circumferential locations markedly differed between the single and multiple groups. In the single group, mucosal breaks were exclusively distributed between 2 and 7 o'clock, with 50% in the 3 o'clock direction (right wall). In the multiple group, 81 mucosal breaks were distributed circumferentially, not uniformly; however, at least 1 lesion was located between 2 and 7 o'clock in 91% of subjects. Therefore, a factor for the development of mucosal breaks from the right to posterior wall was present in both groups.ConclusionIn the single group, mucosal breaks were localized from the right to posterior wall, mainly in the right wall. In the multiple group, mucosal breaks were located circumferentially, but often between the right lateral and posterior wall. These two distributions significantly differed.Clinical trial registration: This is a retrospective study, so it was not registered.
The power within: Mass media, scientific entertainment, and the introduction of psychical research into China, 1900–1920
Authors: Junqueira Luis Fernando Bernardi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHow did a new science initially promoted by only a few individuals eventually become a widespread cultural phenomenon practiced and known by thousands of people? Following a transnational approach, this article traces the introduction of psychical research into China during the first two decades of the 20th century. Known in the Republican period (1912–1949) as Spiritual Science (xinling kexueorxinling yanjiu), psychical research flourished between the 1920s and 1930s, playing a key role in the popularization of applied psychology and mind‐cure across China. This article takes a step back from the heyday of Spiritual Science by looking at the period that immediately preceded and helped define it. Focused on wide‐circulation newspapers, popular manuals, and stage performances, it teases out the ways in which Chinese popular culture translated European, American, and Japanese psychical research to local Chinese audiences in the midst of China's search for modernity. By naturalizing the reality of psychic powers, spiritual scientists blurred the boundaries between science and superstition in a period when these were posited as diametrically opposed.
Disparities in access to specialty care and emergency department use after hospital discharge to a skilled nursing facility
Authors: Krickus Casey , Aysola Jaya , Ryskina Kira 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatterns in access to specialists among patients in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) have not been previously described.ObjectiveTo measure access to outpatient specialty follow‐up and subsequent emergency department (ED) visits by patient characteristics, including race/ethnicity and those who received specialty care during the hospitalization that preceded the SNF stay.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used the minimum data set and 100% Medicare fee‐for‐service claims for beneficiaries admitted to an SNF between 2012 and 2014. Hospital stays for surgical procedures were excluded. Main Outcome and Measures: The associations between ED visits, follow‐up, and race/ethnicity were measured using logistic and linear regression, adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsThe sample included 1,117,632 hospitalizations by Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 with a consult by a medical subspecialist followed by discharge to SNF. Of the sample, 85.4% were non‐Hispanic White (NHW) and 14.6% were Black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC), according to Medicare beneficiary records. During the SNF stay, BIPOC patients had lower odds of specialty follow‐up compared to NHW patients (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.94–0.99, p = .004). BIPOC patients had higher rates of ED visits compared to NHW patients (with follow‐up: 24.1% vs. 23.4%, and without follow‐up: 27.4% vs. 25.9%, p < .001). Lack of follow‐up was associated with a 0.8 percentage point difference in ED visits between BIPOC and NHW patients (95% CI: 0.3–1.3, p = .003).ConclusionsThere is a racial/ethnic disparity in subspecialty follow‐up after hospital discharge to SNF that is associated with a higher rate of subsequent ED visits by BIPOC patients.
Morphological and transcriptomic analysis revealing morphological variations and genetic clues in one Lentinula edodes abnormal browning strain
Authors: Hussain Mubashar , Wu Ting , Lv Pengtao , Zhang Zhenyu , Li Jie , Xu Zhangyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrain abnormal browning is a common problem during cultivation of Lentinula edodes. In this study, the L. edodes strain mycelia isolated from Le‐WB and cultured on MYG (Le‐WP) isolated from an abnormal browning bag was compared with its normal control mycelia isolated from Le‐BB and cultured on MYG (Le‐BP). The aerial hyphae of Le‐WP were white, and the hyphal growth was significantly reduced. Morphological observation of Le‐WP under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed abnormal organelle structures. Through transcriptomic analysis, more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were expressed in the metabolic process and catalytic activity in Le‐WP than Le‐BP. Two Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways named pentose and glucorunate interconversions, and starch and sucrose metabolism were found to be enriched in Le‐WP. The gene expression profiles involved in these two pathways were further analyzed and 12 key genes were selected to be verified by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR), and the results showed that most of these genes were upregulated in Le‐WP. Additionally, the content of 1,3‐beta‐glucan in Le‐WP was also significantly higher than in other samples. This research suggests that abnormal strains may be related to the abnormal synthesis of 1,3‐beta‐glucan, and it needs further research. This research exhibits possible morphological and genetic clues of Le‐WP and lays the foundation for understanding the degeneration of L. edodes strains.
Combination of a 755‐nm picosecond laser and hydroquinone 2% cream versus hydroquinone 2% cream alone for the treatment of melasma: A randomized, split‐face, and controlled trial
Authors: Manuskiatti Woraphong , Yan Chadakan , Gulfan Ma. Christina Banate , Techapichetvanich Thanya , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile combined laser and topical treatments are currently a common approach to melasma treatment, data on the efficacy and safety of this combined therapy remain scarce, with studies showing varied results.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of hydroquinone (HQ) cream alone versus HQ cream combined with 755‐nm picosecond (PS) laser in the treatment of melasma.MethodTwenty subjects presenting with mixed‐type melasma were enrolled in the study. All patients were instructed to apply 2% HQ cream to both sides of the face for 4 weeks. Randomly assigned hemifaces of all patients thereafter received 5 biweekly PS laser treatments. Objective (measurement of average melanin content and melanin index) and subjective (grading of modified melasma area and severity index [mMASI] score and global percentage of pigment clearance) assessments of melasma clearance, and occurrence of adverse effects were evaluated at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐months after the final laser treatment.ResultsmMASI scores were significantly improved from baseline for both sides (p = 0.006 HQ alone, p < 0.001 HQ + PS laser), with no statistically significant difference when comparing HQ alone versus HQ + PS laser. Objective assessments (measurements of average melanin content and melanin index) of melasma clearance corresponded to the clinical evaluation using mMASI score. Mild postinflammatory hyperpigmentation was observed in 15% of the patients on the laser‐treated side, while no adverse effects were reported on the HQ monotherapy side.ConclusionsAdjunctive treatment with a 755‐nm PS laser does not provide additional benefit to topical HQ in the treatment of melasma. ClinicalTrail.gov PRS. number: NCT04597203.
The capital structure–firm performance nexus: The role of judicial efficiency
Authors: Sarpong‐Danquah Beatrice , Adusei Michael , Frimpong Joseph Magnus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe apply the two‐step system generalized method of moments technique to data from 408 microfinance institutions (MFIs) in 73 countries to investigate the effect of capital structure on the financial performance of MFIs and to examine whether judicial efficiency interacts with capital structure to drive the financial performance of MFIs. The results generally show that leverage hurts the financial performance of MFIs. The results also show that judicial inefficiency deepens the negative effect of capital structure on the financial performance of MFIs. We conclude that judicial efficiency matters for the capital structure–firm performance nexus in the microfinance industry.
Cross‐engine transformation‐based fast dose calculation for MRI‐Linac online treatment planning
Authors: Song Ting , Zhou Linghong , Li Yongbao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo propose a novel magnetic field dose calculation method based on transformation from pencil beam (PB) to Monte Carlo (MC) distribution for MRI‐Linac online treatment planning.MethodsThe novel magnetic field dose calculation algorithm was established by a PB dose engine and a magnetic field with tissue inhomogeneity influence correction network. The correction network was constructed with a Res‐UNet framework, including residual modules and an encoding–decoding path, by inputting three‐dimensional PB dose and patient electron density map, and outputting transformed dose distribution. The influences of magnetic fields and tissue heterogeneity were considered and corrected simultaneously in the correction model. A total of 110 clinically treated static beam IMRT plans were collected, including plans for brain, head‐and‐neck, lung, and rectum cases. A total of 90 cases were used and enhanced to train and validate the model, and the other 20 cases were for test. By comparing the proposed pipeline‐generated dose distribution with original input PB dose and corresponding MC dose, the feasibility and effectiveness of the method was evaluated.ResultsResults on both beam dose and plan dose accuracy comparisons on all investigated four tumor sites show great consistency between the cross‐dose‐engine transformation generations and the MC results, with averaged plan mean absolute error of 0.90% ± 0.13% for the voxel‐wise dose difference and 98.33% ± 1.07% gamma passing rate at the 2%/2 mm criteria. The whole PB calculation and transformation process can be completed within second.ConclusionsWe have successfully developed a fast novel magnetic field dose calculation pipeline based on transformation from PB distribution to MC distribution for MRI‐Linac online treatment planning.
Real‐time image‐guided treatment of mobile tumors in proton therapy by a library of treatment plans: a simulation study
Authors: Hamaide Valentin , Souris Kevin , Dasnoy Damien , Glineur François , Macq Benoît 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo improve target coverage and reduce the dose in the surrounding organs‐at‐risks (OARs), we developed an image‐guided treatment method based on a precomputed library of treatment plans controlled and delivered in real‐time.MethodsA library of treatment plans is constructed by optimizing a plan for each breathing phase of a four dimensional computed tomography (4DCT). Treatments are delivered by simulation on a continuous sequence of synthetic computed tomographies (CTs) generated from real magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. During treatment, the plans for which the tumor are at a close distance to the current tumor position are selected to deliver their spots. The study is conducted on five liver cases.ResultsWe tested our approach under imperfect knowledge of the tumor positions with a 2 mm distance error. On average, compared to a 4D robustly optimized treatment plan, our approach led to a dose homogeneity increase of 5% (defined as ) in the target and a mean liver dose decrease of 23%. The treatment time was roughly increased by a factor of 2 but remained below 4 min on average.ConclusionsOur image‐guided treatment framework outperforms state‐of‐the‐art 4D‐robust plans for all patients in this study on both target coverage and OARs sparing, with an acceptable increase in treatment time under the current accuracy of the tumor tracking technology.