bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential value of PRKDC as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer
Authors: Yang Xiawei , Yang Feng , Lan Liugen , Wen Ning , Li Haibin , Sun Xuyong 
Published: July 2022

Background:
While protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit (PRKDC) plays an important role in double-strand break repair to retain genomic stability, there is still no pan-cancer analysis based on large clinical information on the relationship between PRKDC and different tumors. For the first time, this research used numerous databases to perform a pan-cancer review for PRKDC to explore the possible mechanism of PRKDC in the etiology and outcomes in various tumors.

Methods:
PRKDC’s expression profile and prognostic significance in pan-cancer were investigated based on various databases and online platforms, including TIMER2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, CPTAC, and SangerBox. We applied the TIMER to identified the interlink of PRKDC and the immune infiltration in assorted tumors, and the SangerBox online platform was adopted to find out the relevance between PRKDC and immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability in tumors. GeneMANIA tool was employed to create a protein–protein interaction analysis, gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to performed gene enrichment analysis.

Results:
Overall, tumor tissue presented a higher degree of PRKDC expression than adjacent normal tissue. Meanwhile, patients with high PRKDC expression have a worse prognosis. PRKDC mutations were present in almost all The Cancer Genome Atlas tumors and might lead to a better survival prognosis. The PRKDC expression level was shown a positive correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells. PRKDC high expression cohorts were enriched in “cell cycle” “oocyte meiosis” and “RNA-degradation” signaling pathways.

Conclusions:
This study revealed the potential value of PRKDC in tumor immunology and as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer.
Comparison of radiation exposure to physicians between anteroposterior and lateral real-time fluoroscopy when performing lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yoo Seung Hee , Kim Won-Joong , Jue Mi Jin , Lee Min Jin 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections are used widely to alleviate low back radicular pain, but it requires real-time fluoroscopy, which can increase the risk of radiation exposure. Anteroposterior or lateral real-time fluoroscopy can be used during lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections, but there have been no comparative studies on the exposure of physicians to radiation from anteroposterior or lateral real-time fluoroscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the cumulative radiation exposure to each body part of the physician according to the method of real-time fluoroscopy when performing lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections.

Methods:
A single physician performed lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections, and 2 groups of patients were formed based on the method used: group A (anteroposterior real-time fluoroscopy) and group L (lateral real-time fluoroscopy). Dosimeters were placed outside the chest, inside the chest, outside the thyroid collar, inside the thyroid collar, outside the groin, inside the groin, outside the lead gloves, and left rim of the glasses.

Results:
A total of 200 lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections were analyzed, and the radiation exposure was measured by cumulative dose equivalents in mSv. The dose equivalents were lower at every level in group A compared with group L except for outside the groin.

Conclusions:
The cumulative radiation exposure at all the measurement sites was lower for anteroposterior real-time fluoroscopy compared with lateral real-time fluoroscopy when performing lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections, except for outside the groin.
A retrospective cohort study on the optimal interval between endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Liu Huan , Pan Wenjun , Yan Guoqiang , Li Zhongmin 
Published: July 2022

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) are the most important procedures for patients with choledocholithiasis and gallstones. Many studies recommend early LC after ERCP; however, there is still no consensus on the optimal interval between the two. The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriate timing of LC after ERCP in patients with choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis.
We retrospectively reviewed all ERCPs in our institution from November 2014 to August 2021. All eligible 261 patients were divided into ERCP-LC1 (≤3 days), ERCP-LC2 (3–7 days), and ERCP-LC3 (>7 days). We also reviewed 90 patients with elective LC as the LC group. Procedures, treatment outcomes, and postoperative adverse events were evaluated.
In a total of 1642 ERCPs, 261 eligible patients were divided into ERCP-LC1 (n = 102), ERCP-LC2 (n = 113), and ERCP-LC3 (n = 46). The ERCP-LC groups had no difference in operation time, postoperative adverse events, and open conversion rate with the LC group, but the total hospital stay and hospital stay after LC were longer than the LC group. There were no differences between the ERCP-LC groups in operation time, hospital stay after LC, open conversion rate, postoperative adverse events, and efficacy. However, LC within 7 days and even 3 days after ERCP had significant advantages in improvement in total length of stay and medical expenses. Furthermore, we also found an increased risk of gallbladder gangrene and perforation in LC >7 days after ERCP.
LC within 7 days and even 3 days after ERCP is a safe, effective, and economical method for patients with choledocholithiasis and gallstones.
Nomogram to predict risk and prognosis of synchronous lung metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: A large cohort analysis
Authors: Lu Zhaoxiang , Yang Cheng , He Wei , Zhou Jun , Xiang Rong 
Published: July 2022

We aimed to construct and validate nomogram models that predict the incidence of lung metastasis (LM) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and evaluate overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among RCC patients with LM.
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was analyzed for RCC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. The X-tile program was used to determine the best cutoff values for age at initial diagnosis and tumor size. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore independent risk factors for LM, and COX regression analysis was used to identify prognostic indicators for OS and CSS in lung metastatic RCC patients. Subsequently, 3 nomograms were established, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) were utilized to validate their accuracy.
We randomly assigned 10,929 patients with RCC to 2 groups with 1:1 allocation. Multivariate logistic analyses revealed that pathology, tumor (T) stage, nodes (N) stage, race, grade, surgery, metastatic sites, and tumor size were independent risk factors for LM. Multivariate Cox analyses showed that pathology, T stage, N stage, age, surgery, metastatic sites, and residence were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS in patients with LM. Then, nomograms were developed based on the multivariate logistic and Cox regression analyses results. The ROC and DCA curves confirmed that these nomograms achieved satisfactory discriminative power.
Three effective nomograms were constructed and validated that can be used to assist clinicians in predicting the incidence of LM and evaluating the prognosis of lung metastatic RCC.
What is the current status of childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia?: Evidence from 20,000 cases in the Eastern Province: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Albaker Waleed , Saklawi Rim , Bah Sulaiman , Motawei Kamaluddin , Futa Basem , Al-Hariri Mohammed 
Published: July 2022

The prevalence rate of those overweight, as well as obesity among children in Saudi Arabia, keeps rising. The aim of the study was to estimate childhood obesity in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Over the period 2016 to 2017, a cross-sectional campaign was carried out in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from over 20,000 boys’ and girls’ schools. The campaign collected data on birthday/age, weight, height, sex, district in which the school is located, level of education, and blood pressure level.
The findings from the present study indicated a prevalence of 25.7% for overweight and obesity among high school-age students. More importantly, ≈35% of the study’s students have either elevated blood pressure or hypertension. The significant predictors of childhood obesity were education level, age, glucose level, and blood pressure.
The children in higher school levels originally from the Eastern Province had a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Recommendations are made on the need of regular screening program among school-age children, as well as to continue raising awareness about childhood obesity.
Identification of molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Xintong granule in coronary artery disease by a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach
Authors: Huang Zhihong , Guo Siyu , Fu Changgeng , Zhou Wei , Stalin Antony , Zhang Jingyuan , Liu Xinkui , Jia Shanshan , Wu Chao , Lu Shan , Li Bingbing , Wu Zhishan , Tan Yingying , Fan Xiaotian , Cheng Guoliang , Mou Yanfang , Wu Jiarui 
Published: July 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disease characterized by atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, thrombogenesis, inflammation, etc. Xintong granule (XTG) is considered a practical therapeutic strategy in China for CAD. Although its therapeutic role in CAD has been reported, the molecular mechanisms of XTG in CAD have not yet been explored.
A network pharmacology approach including drug-likeness (DL) evaluation, oral bioavailability (OB) prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and analysis, and Gene Ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses was used to predict the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of XTG associated with the treatment of CAD. Molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the interactions between the active compounds and the underlying targets.
Fifty-one active ingredients of XTG and 294 CAD-related targets were screened for analysis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that the therapeutic targets of XTG in CAD are mainly involved in blood circulation and vascular regulation. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that XTG intervenes in CAD mainly through the regulation of fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and the relaxin signaling pathway. Molecular docking analysis showed that each key active ingredient (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, resveratrol, fisetin, gamma-sitosterol, and beta-sitosterol) of XTG can bind to the core targets of CAD (AKT1, JUN, RELA, MAPK8, NFKB1, EDN1, and NOS3).
The present study revealed the CAD treatment-related active ingredients, underlying targets, and potential molecular mechanisms of XTG acting by regulating fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and relaxin signaling pathway.
Abdominal cocoon syndrome: Rare cause of intestinal obstruction—Case report and systematic review of literature
Authors: Chorti Angeliki , Panidis Stavros , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Cheva Angeliki , Papavramidis Theodossis , Michalopoulos Antonios , Paramythiotis Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Abdominal cocoon or sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is an uncommon condition in which the small bowel is completely or partially encased by a thick fibrotic membrane. Our study presents a case of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis and conducts a literature review.

Methods:
A bibliographic research was conducted. Our research comprised 97 articles. Gender, age, symptoms, diagnostic procedures, and treatment were all included in the database of patient characteristics.

Case presentation:
A 51-year-old man complaining of a 2-day history of minor diffuse abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and constipation was presented in emergency department. Physical examination was indicative of intestinal obstruction. Laboratory tests were normal. Diffuse intraperitoneal fluid and dilated small intestinal loops were discovered on computed tomography (CT). An exploratory laparotomy was recommended, in which the sac membrane was removed and adhesiolysis was performed. He was discharged on the tenth postoperative day.

Results:
There were 240 cases of abdominal cocoon syndrome in total. In terms of gender, 151 of 240 (62.9%) were male and 89 of 240 (37%) were female. Ages between 20 and 40 are most affected. Symptoms include abdominal pain and obstruction signs. For the diagnosis of abdominal cocoon syndrome, CT may be the gold standard imaging method. The surgical operation was the treatment of choice in the vast majority of cases (96.7%). Only 69 of 239 patients (28.9%) were detected prior to surgery, and CT was applied in these cases.

Conclusion:
Abdominal cocoon is a rare condition marked by recurrent episodes of intestinal obstruction. Surgical therapy is the most effective treatment option.
High-quality nursing care on psychological disorder in ovarian cancer during perioperative period: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Peng , Sun Li-Li , Li Bin-Xin , Li Mei , Tian Wei 
Published: July 2022

Background:
This study aimed to explore the effect of high-quality nursing care (HQNC) on psychological disorder in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) during the perioperative period (PPP).

Methods:
A literature search was performed at the Cochrane Library, PUBMED, Excerpt Medica Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from their inception until March 1, 2022. Two authors independently performed study selection, data collection, and methodological quality evaluation. The outcomes were anxiety (as measured by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale), depression (as measured by Self-rating Depression Scale), length of hospital stay, and rate of patient satisfaction.

Results:
Eight trials involving 742 patients with OC were included in this study. Results of the data analysis showed that patients who received HQNC had a more promising effect on anxiety relief (mean difference, −9.00; random 95% confidence interval, −11.36 to −6.63; P < .001) and depression decrease (mean difference, −7.62; random 95% confidence intervals, −8.45 to −6.78; P < .001) than patients who underwent routine nursing care.

Conclusion:
This study summarized the latest evidence of HQNC on psychological disorder relief in patients with OC during perioperative period. These findings showed that HQNC may benefit patients with anxiety and depression.
Age-specific influences of refractive error and illuminance on pupil diameter
Authors: Lee Yong-Sik , Kim Hui-June , Lim Dong-Kyu , Kim Myoung-Hee , Lee Koon-Ja 
Published: July 2022

To assess the most influential factor for pupil diameter changes among age, illuminance, and refractive state and reestablish the optimal procedures for clinical applications based on refractive state and illuminance for different age groups.
The study was an observational study (repeated measure study). Participants included 219 Korean adults aged 20 to 69 years. Pupil diameters were measured using a pupilometer under scotopic, mesopic-low, and mesopic-high lighting conditions. Factor interactions among age, illuminance, and refractive state were evaluated using mixed linear model and chi-square automated interaction detection.
Illuminance mainly contributed to variations in pupil diameter of participants over 50 years, whereas the refractive state was the dominant controlling factor for the pupil variation in participants below 50 years. For more generalized application, the pupil diameter decreased with older age and brighter illuminance (P < .001, inverse correlation, all comparisons). The mean pupil diameter was significantly higher in myopes and emmetropes than in hyperopes (P < .001). Pupil diameter variation modeled using the mixed model confirmed age, illuminance, and refractive error as significant factors (P < .001).
Accounting for the interactions among age, illuminance, and refractive error and establishing their hierarchical dominance can be generalized using the chi-square automated interaction detection method and mixed model. Promoting age-dependent consideration for both illuminance and refractive state is necessary when pupil diameters play significant roles in clinical and manufacturing circumstances.
Histological changes and neural elements in the subacromial bursa on patients with rotator cuff tear: Pilot study
Authors: Choi Chang-Hyuk , Kwon Dae Gil , Oh Hoon-Kyu , Kim Jun Young , Kwon Dong Rak 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the neural elements of the subacromial bursa (SAB) in rotator cuff tears.

Materials and methods:
Twenty patients with rotator cuff tears were recruited, and their visual analog scale (VAS) score, duration of symptoms, and range of motion (ROM), including flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation were evaluated. Tear size was measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The SAB specimens obtained during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were studied using routine hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (S-100 protein and PGP 9.5 protein). The SAB specimen for the control group was obtained from 2 fresh cadavers and 2 patients with acute humeral shaft fracture. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to assess the difference between histological findings of the rotator cuff tear group and control group. The correlation between the histological findings and clinical features was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient.

Results:
The mean duration of symptom was 10.2 ± 6.4 months. The preoperative average VAS score was 2.9 ± 1.2. The degrees of preoperative ROM in forward flexion and external and internal rotations were 143.8 ± 19.5, 49.5 ± 23.1, and –4.3 ± 4.2, respectively. The tear was 2.0 ± 0.9 cm. For histological findings, the number of neural elements per low power field in the rotator cuff tear group was significantly less than the control group in both immunohistochemical stainings (S-100: 0.5 ± 0.7 vs 2.8 ± 0.5, p < .01; PGP 9.5: 0.4 ± 0.7 vs 3.5 ± 0.6, p < .01). During the correlation analysis, the number of neural elements in the PGP 9.5 staining was negatively correlated with the ROM in forward flexion and external rotation.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that chronic rotator cuff tears may induce degeneration of neural elements in SAB.
Glasgow prognostic score predicts survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with lenvatinib: a multicenter analysis
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Hirooka Masashi , Kariyama Kazuya , Tani Joji , Atsukawa Masanori , Takaguchi Koichi , Itobayashi Ei , Fukunishi Shinya , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Tajiri Kazuto , Ochi Hironori , Yasuda Satoshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Hatanaka Takeshi , Kakizaki Satoru , Shimada Noritomo , Kawata Kazuhito , Tanaka Takaaki , Ohama Hideko , Nouso Kazuhiro , Morishita Asahiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Imai Michitaka , Naganuma Atsushi , Aoki Tomoko , Koizumi Yohei , Nakamura Shinichiro , Joko Kouji , Hiasa Yoichi , Kudo Masatoshi ,   On behalf of the Real-life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group and the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Experts from 48 Clinics in Japan (HCC 48) Group
Published: July 2022

Objective
The use of Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), calculated using the serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels, to predict the outcomes of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with lenvatinib was investigated in this study.

Methods
A total of 508 patients with Child-Pugh class A HCC treated with lenvatinib were included in this study.

Results
The median overall and progression-free survivals were 20.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 17.7–23.2 months] and 7.5 months (95% CI, 6.8–8.5 months), respectively. The median overall survivals of patients with a GPS of 0, 1, and 2 were 28.5, 16.0, and 9.1 months, respectively (P < 0.001). When adjusted for age, sex, performance status, etiology, α-fetoprotein, macroscopic vascular invasion, extrahepatic spread, history of sorafenib therapy, and GPS, a GPS of 1 [hazard ratio (HR), 1.664; 95% CI, 1.258–2.201; P < 0.001] and a GPS of 2 (HR, 2.664; 95% CI, 1.861–3.813; P < 0.001) were found to be independently associated with overall survival. The median progression-free survivals of patients with a GPS of 0, 1, and 2 were 8.8, 6.8, and 3.8 months, respectively (P < 0.001). When adjusted for the same factors of overall survival, a GPS of 2 (HR, 2.010; 95% CI, 1.452–2.784; P < 0.001) was found to be independently associated with progression-free survival. As the albumin–bilirubin with tumor node metastasis score increased, the proportion of patients with a GPS of 1 or 2 increased (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
GPS can be used to predict survival in patients with unresectable HCC who were treated with lenvatinib.
External validation and comparison of simple tools to screen for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese community population
Authors: Zhang Liuxin , Zhang Mengting , Wang Min , Wang Minxian , Zhang Ru , Wang Hongliang , Zhang Wei , Ding Yajie , Wang Jie 
Published: July 2022

Background
Various noninvasive tools based on anthropometric indicators, blood lipids, and liver enzymes, etc. have been developed to screen for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with different diagnostic performance and cutoff values among studies. We aimed to validate and compare eight NAFLD-related models developed by simple indicators and to define their cutoff values in Chinese community population.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a health examination cohort of 3259 people. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. General, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Fatty liver index (FLI), fatty liver disease index (FLD), Zhejiang University index (ZJU), lipid accumulation product (LAP), regression formula of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated. The accuracy and cutoff points to detect NAFLD were evaluated by area under the receiver operator characteristic curve and the maximum Youden index analysis, respectively. A head-to-head comparison between these models and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) was conducted.

Results
In eight noninvasive diagnostic models of NAFLD, AUCs of FLI and FLD for NAFLD were higher than those of other models in the whole (0.852 and 0.852), male (0.826 and 0.824), and female (0.897 and 0.888) population, respectively. DCA showed that FLI, FLD, and ZJU have higher net benefit to screen for NAFLD compared to other models.

Conclusions
FLI and FLD could be the most accurate and applicable of eight models for the noninvasive diagnosis of NAFLD in both male and female groups.