bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tindak Tutur Pemimpin dalam Perspektif Maksim Kesopanan Leech
Authors: Darmawan Arief 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak
Penelitian ini berfokus pada tindak tutur pemimpin dari berbagai tingkatan di Indonesia. Untuk mengkaji permasalahan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori maksim kesopanan Geoffrey Leech yang terdiri dari maksim kebijaksanaan (tact maxim), maksim kemurahan (generousity maxim), maksim penerimaan (approbation maxim), maksim kerendahhatian (modesty maxim), maksim kecocokan (agreement maxim), dan maksim kesimpatian (sympathy maxim). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi dokumen dan studi pustaka. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar pemimpin di negara Indonesia sudah mengaplikasikan maksim kesopanan Leech dengan optimal, terutama maksim kesimpatian, sehingga menimbulkan respon positif dari masyarakat yang dipimpinnya. Kepemimpinan yang menggunakan bahasa verbal yang memenuhi prinsip maksim kesopanan dapat dijadikan dasar bagi pemimpin berikutnya dalam mengelola organisasi yang dipimpinnya, baik skala besar maupun kecil.

Abstract
This research focuses on the speech acts of the leaders from various levels in Indonesia. To study this problem, the author uses Geoffrey Leech's politeness maxims theory which consists of the tact maxim, the generousity maxim, the approbation maxim, the modesty maxim, the agreement maxim, and the sympathy maxim. The data collection method used in this research is document study and literature study. The conclusion of this research is that most of the leaders in Indonesia have applied Leech's maxims of politeness optimally, especially the maxim of sympathy, which has led to a positive response from the people they lead. Leadership using verbal language that fulfills the maxims of politeness can be used as the basis for the next leader in managing the organization he leads, both large and small.
PENAFSIRAN AYAT-AYAT MUTASYÂBIHÂT DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Ahadah Anindita 
Published: November 2022

Al-Qur’an merupakan sebuah petunjuk bagi umat manusia yang meletakkan dasar-dasar prinsipil dalam segala persoalan kehidupan dan merupakan kitab universal. Sejak kelahirannya 15 abad yang lalu hingga sekarang, ummat Islam selalu menghadapi persoalan kemanusiaan yang kompleks dan semakin berkembang. Karena kebutuhan itu, akhirnya para ulama’ mengkaji makna-makna dalam Al-Qur’an. Al-Thabari dan Al-Baidawi merupakan mufassir yang alim dalam berbagai ilmu, karya tafsirnya telah banyak diakui oleh banyak ulama’ dan menjadi rujukan bagi mufassir lain dalam menafsirkan Al-Qur’an, bahkan karya tafsir Al-Baidhawi menjadi literatur wajib bagi mahasiswa Al-Azhar. Oleh karena itu penulis bermaksud meneliti ayat-ayat mutasyabihat dalam Al-Qur’an yang berkaitan dengan fisik Tuhan (ayat tajsim) yang terdiri dari tiga kata yaitu wajh (wajah), yad (tangan), dan ain’ (mata) karena penulis rasa tema ini akan sangat menarik dan penting jika dibahas secara mendalam, karena tema ini berhubungan kepada akidah dan kepercayaan manusia kepada Allah SWT.
Museos, discursos expositivos y conflictos en Vietnam
Authors: Nualart Cristina 
Published: November 2022

La historia de la institución museística manifiesta desde sus inicios diversas ostentaciones de poder que llevan a que los museos mismos sean piezas en el juego de las dinámicas persuasivas propias del poder suave (soft power). Este texto nos acerca a las transformaciones en el uso de los museos como herramienta adoctrinadora que han tenido lugar en Vietnam desde que fue un país colonizado, durante los conflictos bélicos, llegando hasta la actualidad, marcada por un gobierno autoritario y una débil sociedad civil.
Obesity and Dyslipidemia as Risk Factors of Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Adult Hypertensive Nigerian
Authors: Aborisade Oluyinka Bamidele , Charles–Davies Mabel Ayebatonyo , Owolabi Mayowa Ojo , Agbedana Emmanuel Oluyemi 
Published: November 2022

Hypertension impairs the cerebral vasculature resulting in vascular cognitive impairment [VCI]. The role of obesity and plasma lipids shown as risk factors in development of VCI in adults with hypertension is unclear and is investigated in this study.
Normoglycemic individuals [n=216] aged 40-75 years were enrolled into this study between January and December 2019. They included Newly Diagnosed Hypertensives with [NDHCI, n-69] and without Cognitive Impairment [NDH, n-81], age-matched with 66 apparently healthy individuals [Controls]. Anthropometric measures [height, weight, waist circumference [WC], Hip circumference [HC], waist hip rratio [WHR] and body mass index [BMI] and socio-demographic indices, lifestyle and blood pressure were obtained using standard methods. Plasma lipids [Total cholesterol [TC], high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], Triglyceride [TG] were determined spectrophotometrically, while low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] was calculated using Friedewald formula. Neuropsychological assessment based on cognitive score [CS] was done using community screening instrument for dementia [CSID]. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences [SPSS] software 17.0 version. Analysis of variance [ANOVA] and Post Hoc test were used for comparison of variables while Chi square test was used to find associations between variables. These were considered significant at p<0.05.
The obesity indicators [WHR, WC and BMI] and dyslipidemia indicators [TC, LDL-C and triglyceride] levels were significantly higher in NDHCI [WHR=76.97±0.89, WC=37.67±0.61, BMI=28.09±0.49; TC=206.89±3.91, LDL-C=135.76±3.81, triglyceride=135.38±1.63] and NDH [WHR=70.71 ± 0.10] WC=34.74 ± 0.04,BMI= 28.30 ± 0.49 and TC=192.83 ± 4.28,LDLC= 120.35 ± 3.22,Triglyceride=127.00 ± 2.69] relative to control [WHR=51.99 ± 0.83, WC=32.94 ± 0.22, BMI=23.89 ± 0.30 and TC=104.70 ± 7.19,LDLC= 94.80 ± 1.90,Triglyceride=72.77 ± 3.70], p<0.01. Significantly low cognitive scores were found in NDHCI[3.48±0.38] compared with NDH [18.77±0.50] and control [28.76±0.16], p<0.001. WHR and LDL-C had inverse relationships with cognitive score in NDH [β= -14.627, p= 0.306] and NDHCI [β= -0.031, p=0.005] respectively. Moreover, WC [β=12.315, p=0.049], HC [β=12.241, p=0.036] and WHR [β=496.374, p=0.043] in NDH group, had a significantly positive relationship with DBP.
Obesity and atherogenic dyslipidaemia may be associated with the progression of hypertension to cognitive impairment in Nigerian hypertensive adults.
Assessing the Performance of Farmers’ Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties for Yield and Its Attributing Traits under Organic Cultivation
Authors: Choudhary Hardev , Dave Parthkumar P. , Parvez Noushad , Raghuvanshi Prakash Singh , Lal Bajarang , Singh Satveer , Rathore Rajkumar , Singh Ranjit Kumar , Zulapi Rudrappa , Verma Agyaram 
Published: November 2022

Background: The local cultivars and farmers’ plant varieties have good yield potential under a minimal input system. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to assess the performance of the farmers’ wheat varieties in Gandhinagar, Gujarat condition under organic cultivation during November-March (winter season) 2015-16 and 2016-17.
Study Design and Methodology: The field experiments were constituted in Randomized Complete Block Design having three replications of fifteen treatments comprising twelve farmers’ varieties and three checks. The observations on yield and its attributing traits were recorded.
Results: The pooled data analyzed over both years showed that the variety Mohit Gold was found significantly superior in terms of spike length (15.33 cm) and the number of spikelets per spike (22.97) among all the tests and checks during both years. Whereas, the significantly longest awn length was found in the Rajyog variety (14.48 cm). The number of grains per spike was reported superior in RK-7 (68.39) with at par RK-2 (64.18). However, the number of spikes per square meter (499.38) was recorded as significantly superior in HZG 30 which also reported a higher grain yielder per hectare with the next-best leaf length to superior check Bansi and at 94.05 cm plant height found at par to Mohit Gold (96.65 cm) and Rajyog (95.71 cm). Henceforth, HZG 30 can be a suitable option for wheat growers which might produce good biomass as well.
Thus, it is concluded with the recommendation to conduct more such trials in different wheat growing areas to generate reliable production data to identify potential cultivars for recent breeding programs.
Visceral and emotional responses to direct electrical stimulations of the cortex
Authors: Soulier Hugo , Mauguière François , Catenoix Hélène , Montavont Alexandra , Isnard Jean , Hermier Marc , Guenot Marc , Rheims Sylvain , Mazzola Laure 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveVisceral sensations are bodily symptoms which are component manifestations of emotions frequently reported during epileptic seizures.Nowadays, the underlying mechanism and location of brain areas involved in the processing of these sensations remain unclear. Our objectives were to characterize the type and frequency of visceral and emotional responses evoked by electrical stimulations, to produce a mapping of brain structures involved in their processing, and to assess the link between visceral sensations and emotional feelings.MethodsWe reviewed 12,088 bipolar stimulations performed in 203 patients during the presurgical evaluation of drug refractory epilepsy. Responses to stimulation were divided into viscero‐sensitive, viscero‐vegetative, and emotional sensations. Univariate analysis and conditional logistic regression were used to assess the association between visceral and emotional sensations and localization of the stimulated contacts.ResultsIn total, 543 stimulations evoked visceral and emotional sensations. Stimulations of operculo‐insulolimbic structures (amygdala, anterior and posterior insula, anterior and mid‐cingulate cortex, hippocampus, parahippocampus, temporal pole, frontal and parietal operculum) were significantly more associated with visceral and emotional sensations than all other cortical regions.Preferential implication of certain brain structures, depending on the type of visceral responses was evidenced: temporo‐mesial structures, insula, and frontoparietal operculum for viscero‐sensitive sensations; amygdala, insula, anterior and mid‐cingulate cortex, and temporal pole for viscero‐vegetative sensations; temporo‐mesial structures, anterior cingulate cortex, and frontal operculum for emotional sensations.InterpretationOur data can help to guide SEEG explorations when visceral or emotional symptoms are part of the ictal semiology. They also bring some insights into the mechanisms of visceroception and the functional significance of the co‐localization of visceral and emotional representations in the human brain.
LGMDD1 natural history and phenotypic spectrum: Implications for clinical trials
Authors: Findlay Andrew R. , Robinson Sarah E. , Poelker Stephanie , Seiffert Michelle , Bengoechea Rocio , Weihl Conrad C. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo delineate the full phenotypic spectrum and characterize the natural history of limb girdle muscular dystrophy type D1 (LGMDD1).MethodsWe extracted age at clinical events of interest contributing to LGMDD1 disease burden via a systematic literature and chart review. Manual muscle testing and quantitative dynamometry data were used to estimate annualized rates of change. We also conducted a cross‐sectional observational study using previously validated patient‐reported outcome assessments (ACTIVLIM, PROMIS‐57) and a new LGMDD1 questionnaire. Some individuals underwent repeat ACTIVLIM and LGMDD1 questionnaire assessments at 1.5 and 2.5 years.ResultsA total of 122 LGMDD1 patients were included from 14 different countries. We identified two new variants (p.E54K, p.V99A). In vitro assays and segregation support their pathogenicity. The mean onset age was 29.7 years. Genotype appears to impact onset age, weakness pattern, and median time to loss of ambulation (34 years). Dysphagia was the most frequent abnormality (51.4%). Deltoids, biceps, grip, iliopsoas, and hamstrings strength decreased by (0.5‐1 lb/year). Cross‐sectional ACTIVLIM and LGMDD1 questionnaire scores correlated with years from disease onset. Longitudinally, only the LGMDD1 questionnaire detected significant progression at both 1.5 and 2.5 years. Treatment trials would require 62 (1.5 years) or 30 (2.5 years) patients to detect a 70% reduction in the progression of the LGMDD1 questionnaire.InterpretationThis study is the largest description of LGMDD1 patients to date and highlights potential genotype‐dependent differences that need to be verified prospectively. Future clinical trials will need to account for variability in these key phenotypic features when selecting outcome measures and enrolling patients.
A π‐Conjugated Anion‐Exchange Membrane with an Ordered Ion‐Conducting Channel via the McMurray Coupling Reaction
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Yang , Sun Lixuan , Wei Chengpeng , Zhang Huaqing , Wu Liang , Ge Xiaolin , Xu Tongwen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe McMurry coupling is a facile, gentle and low‐cost chemical reaction for synthesizing. Here, for the first time, we employed the McMurry coupling reaction to prepare π‐conjugated anion exchange membranes (AEMs). The inter‐chain π‐π stacking between adjacent benzene rings induces directional self‐assembly aggregation and enables highly ordered ion‐conductive channels. The resulting structure was characterized through UV/VIS spectrum, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, leading to high OH− conductivity of 135.5 mS cm−1 at 80 °C. Furthermore, the double bonds in the π‐conjugated system also trigger in situ self‐crosslinking of the AEMs to enhance dimensional and alkaline stability. Benefiting from this advantage, the as‐obtained Cr‐QPPV‐2.51 AEM exhibits superior alkaline stability (95 % conductivity retention after 3000 hrs in 1 M KOH at 80 °C) and high mechanical strength of 34.8 MPa. Moreover, the fuel cell using Cr‐QPPV‐2.51 shows a maximum peak power density of 1.27 W cm−2 at 80 °C.
Tuning the Properties of Ester‐Based Degradable Polymers by Inserting Epoxides into Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)
Authors: Hu Shuangyan , Liu Lijun , Li Heng , Pahovnik David , Hadjichristidis Nikos , Zhou Xuechang , Zhao Junpeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA series of ester‐ether copolymers were obtained via the reaction betweenα,ω‐dihydroxyl poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and ethylene oxide (EO) or monosubstituted epoxides catalyzed by strong phosphazene bases. The two types of monomeric units were distributed in highly random manners due to the concurrence of epoxide ring‐opening and fast transesterification reactions. The substituent of epoxide showed an interesting bidirectional effect on the enzymatic degradability of the copolymer. Compared with PCL, copolymers derived from EO exhibited enhanced hydrophilicity and decreased crystallinity which then resulted in higher degradability. For the copolymers derived from propylene oxide and 1,2‐butylene oxide, the hydrophobic alkyl pendant groups also allowed lower crystallinity of the copolymers thus higher degradation rates. However, further enlarging the pendant groups by using styrene oxide or 2‐ethylhexyl glycidyl ether caused a decrease in the degradation rate, which might be ascribed to the higher bulkiness hindering the contact of ester groups with lipase.
Tier‐grown Expansion of Design‐of‐Experiments Parameter Spaces for Synthesis of a Nanometer‐scale Macrocycle
Authors: Akiyoshi Misato , Ikemoto Koki , Isobe Hioyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA method to find optimum synthetic conditions was devised by combining a data‐driven empirical model with a traditional mechanistic model. In this method, an experimental parameter space was empirically obtained by Design‐of‐Experiments optimizations with machine‐learning supplements and was strategically expanded by examination of the mechanistic model of the reaction paths. An extra tier grown on the original 3×3×3 parameter space succeeded in allocating an optimum reaction condition in the expanded 3×3×4 parameter space. The method was specifically devised for the synthesis of a macrocycle, [n]cyclo‐meta‐phenylenes ([n]CMP), and the largest congener with n=12 was synthesized and fully characterized for the first time. Crystallographic and photophysical analyses revealed favorable features of [12]CMP for the material applications.
Sodium formate redirects carbon flux and enhances heterologous mevalonate production in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1
Authors: Cui Lan‐Yu , Yang Jing , Liang Wei‐Fan , Yang Song , Zhang Chong , Xing Xin‐Hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMethylobacterium extorquens AM1 (AM1), a model strain of methylotrophic cell factories (MeCFs) could be used to produce fine chemicals from methanol. Synthesis of heterologous products usually needs reducing cofactors, but AM1 growing on methanol lack reducing power. Formate could be used as a reducing agent. In this study, mevalonic acid (MEV) yield of 0.067 gMEV/g methanol was reached by adding 10 mmol L–1 sodium formate in MEV accumulating stage (at 72 h). The yield was improved by 64.57%, and represented the highest yield reported to date. 13C‐labeling experiments revealed global effects of sodium formate on metabolic pathways in engineered Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. Sodium formate significantly increased the ratios of reducing equivalents, enhanced the metabolic rate of pathways demanding reducing cofactors and redirected the carbon flux to MEV synthesis. As a result, coupling formate to methanol‐based production provide a promising way for converting C1 substances to useful chemical products.
Phase‐Separated Structures of Sake Flavors‐Containing Cell Model Membranes
Authors: Yoda Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSake (a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage) contains ethyl caproate (EC), which enhances its economic value. Isovaleraldehyde (IVA) is also a well‐known flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages, which some people enjoy. Recently, studies revealed that EC decreased the size of homogenous 1,2‐Dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DOPC) liposomes whereas IVA increased their size. Cholesterol (Chol) and ergosterol were previously referred to as animal and fungus sterols. For the first time, this study demonstrated the phase behavior of the membrane in cell‐sized liposomes containing EC and IVA. After adding EC, the solid ordered/liquid disordered (Ld) and liquid ordered (Lo)/Ld phase separation in DOPC/dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine/cholesterol or ergosterol ternary membranes decreased, but the Lo/Ld phase separation decreased after adding IVA. Biophysics, physiological, and application aspects of EC and IVA evaluation were discussed. The findings of this study not only enhance our understanding of the function of flavors but also provide rapid and cost effective performance for the measurement.
Revealing the Active Constituents and Mechanisms of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang Roots against Rheumatoid Arthritis through Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and in Vivo Experiment
Authors: Xia Xiaoyi , Zeng Huang , Wang Huilei , Li Xin , Zhang Shengyuan , Yang Li , He Junwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSemiliquidambar cathayensis Chang roots (SC) are traditional Chinese medicine for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect and potential mechanism of SC remain unclear. This study aims to reveal the anti‐RA constituents and mechanisms of SC based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA) model rat experiment. In this work, 9 potential active constituents, including kaempferol, quercetin, naringenin, paeoniflorin, catechin, fraxin, gentianin, hesperetin, and ellagic acid 3,3′,4‐trimethyl ether, in SC crossed 65 target genes of RA. In addition, 28 core targets were enriched in inflammation and others, among which interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were the major targets. The binding of bio‐constituents with IL‐17 and TNF were performed using molecular docking. Rat experiment demonstrated that the extract of SC restored body weight loss, reduced arthritis score and the indices of thymus and spleen, alleviated ankle joint histopathology, decreased the levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), C‐reactive protein (CRP), IL‐17, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LOX), and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), whereas elevated the levels of IL‐4 and IL‐10. Collectively, it was the first time to comprehensively reveal the anti‐RA efficacy and mechanism of SC via suppressing the inflammatory pathway based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification, which provide chemical and pharmacological evidences for the clinical application of SC.
Concentration Effect, Structural Properties, and Driving Force on Aβ28 Dimerization with and without Zn2+ Cooperation: Learning from Replica Exchange Sampling**
Authors: Sun Yue , Yao Zeshuai , Wang Guangyu , Wang Lisha , Bai Min , Shi Hu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZn2+ is a very important factor in promoting the formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregates and amyloid plaques. The Zn2+‐bound Aβ species generate amorphous or low molecular‐weight oligomers. However, it is a lack of studies to approach the starting structural features (dimerization) in Aβ nucleation processes with and without Zn2+, which is the key point in understanding Zn2+‐induced nucleation mechanisms. To better understand the effect of concentration, structural properties, and the driving force, 14 independent replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations were performed in Aβ28 dimerization with and without Zn2+ (zAβ28) cooperation. Our scanning results show that the aggregation propensity is easier in Aβ28‐Aβ28 and Aβ28‐zAβ28 systems than zAβ28‐zAβ28 system. In binding property, the Aβ28‐Aβ28 model (−61.5 kcal mol−1) is stronger than zAβ28‐zAβ28 (−26.6 kcal mol−1) and Aβ28‐zAβ28 (−7.24 kcal mol−1) models. Further analysis confirmed that H13 and H14 residues play specific roles in the three systems. The key point is the orientation of N atom of the imidazole ring in histidine residues. Furthermore, we discovered different driving forces for each system. Our current study contributes to the understanding of how the Aβ28 dimer interacts with Zn2+, which could lead to new insights into Zn2+‐induced nucleation mechanisms.
Raspberry‐Like Gold Nanoparticles Based On Nanoclusters Anchored on Cyclodextrin‐Functionalized Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Chromium(VI) Ions
Authors: Lu Yongkai , Zhou Yangyang , Xia Junjie , Zhong Suyun , Liu Yawen , Chen Qiang , Chen Hongxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA facile synthetic strategy is devised to construct raspberry like gold nanoparticles (RbNPs) formed by gold nanoclusters wrapped around β‐cyclodextrin functionalized gold nanoparticles (CD‐AuNPs@AuNCs). An efficient and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of Cr(VI) has been developed based on RbNPs. The sensing platform exhibits an excellent wide linear range (100 pg mL−1 to 10 μg mL−1), extremely low detection limit (40.91 fg mL−1 i. e. 0.79 pM), which may pave a new way to fabricate other ultrasensitive electrochemical sensors based on the designed RbNPs.