bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticipation of Flood Susceptibility in Urbanized Regions Using Machine Learning Technique: Case Study of New Cairo City, Egypt
Authors: Wahba Mohamed , Sharaan Mahmoud , Elsadek Wael , Kanae Shinjiro , Shokry H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Climate change is driving growth in extreme weather events through vast world regions. Therefore, one of the most destructive calamities of climate change is flash flooding. This research aims to predict the most prone areas to flash floods in urban regions using machine learning techniques. Moreover, the runoff depth has been calculated via HEC-RAS software to use it as a conditioning parameter. Subsequentially, seven environmental factors (elevation, slope, flow length, distance to streams, maximum runoff depth, land use, and curve number) were adopted in New Cairo city, Egypt, where the flash flood occurs persistently. A combination of spatial flooded points and environmental parameters has been utilized using a genetic algorithm for Rule-set Prediction (GARP) to generate a flood susceptibility map (FSM). Furthermore, the FSM accounted nearly fifth of the total area for very high prone to floods whilst 40.03% and 13.14% of the city have very low and low hazards, respectively. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method was used to validate the FSM which gave 71.5% for the area under curve (AUC). Eventually, Decision-makers can use the produced flood danger map to better understand the consequences of flash floods and to prepare alternative plans to mitigate this hazard.
Association of ANRIL gene single- nucleotide polymorphisms with Allergic rhinitis in Kurdish population from Kermanshah, Iran
Authors: Falahi Sara , Feizolahi Parisa , Monshizadeh Ali , Mahmoudi Zahra , Mahdavi Jila , Salari Farhad , Karaji Ali Gorgin , Rezaiemanesh Alireza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common inflammatory disorder of the upper airway caused by aberrant immune responses to allergens in genetically predisposed individuals. Recently, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) has been identified as a novel genetic factor associated with increased AR risk. This study aimed to evaluate the potential correlation of ANRIL gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AR risk in the kurdish population of Kermanshah, Iran.Methods: In this case-control study, 130 AR patients and 130 healthy controls were recruited to genotype for two SNPs of the ANRIL gene (rs1333048, rs10757278) using the Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (T-ARMS-PCR) method.Results: Our results showed no significant difference for the alleles and genotypes frequency distribution of lncRNA ANRIL SNPs (rs1333048, rs10757278) between AR patients and healthy controls (p> 0.05). Additionally, the dominant, additive, and recessive genetic models of both SNPs were not associated with altered susceptibility to AR risk (p> 0.05).Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the ANRIL gene rs1333048 and rs10757278 polymorphisms might not be associated with susceptibility to AR in the kurdish population of Kermanshah, Iran
The distinguishing Predictive Value of CD4, CD8, and C - reactive protein in the Prognosis of Schistosomal and Non-Schistosomal Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhai Qilin , Jing Hongyan , Bu Dacheng , Liu Jing , Lu Kui , Liu Jican , Xu Yanchao , Zhu Ting , Hou Yingyong , Yao Junxia , Wang Weixia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The comparison of inflammation related factors between SCRC and non-schistosomal colorectal cancer (NSCRC) was not reported in previous literatures, and the inflammation based prognostic systems of SCRC were also unknown.Aim: To explore the different roles of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CRP in SCRC and in NSCRC, providing a possible predictive system to evaluate outcomes and to improve the risk stratification for CRC patients, especially for patients with schistosomiasis.Methods: 351 CRC tumours were evaluated for density of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CRP in intratumoural and stromal compartments by immunohistochemical using tissue microarray.Results: There were no association between TILs and CRP and schistosomiasis. Multivariate analysis identified sCD4 (p=0.038), iCD8 (p=0.003), schistosomiasis (p=0.045) as independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in the whole cohort; and sCD4 (p=0.006) and iCD8 (p=0.020) were independent prognostic factors for OS in the NSCRC and SCRC set, respectively. Besides, we found that there were no differences of TILs and CRP, which were distributed in different areas of tumor tissue, between CRC patients with and without schistosomiasis.Conclusion: TILs in different tumor areas has distinguished predictive value in CRC patients with schistosomiasis and without schistosomiasis, reflecting variable tumor immunoenvironments in them.
Comparison Of The Quality Of Death Between Primary Malignant Brain Tumor Patients And Other Cancer Patients: Results From A Nationwide Bereavement Survey In Japan
Authors: Aoyama Maho , Masukawa Kento , Sugiyama Ikuko , Morita Tatsuya , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: No studies have investigated the association between malignant brain tumor and the quality of dying, which is an important outcome in end-of-life care. This study aimed to clarify whether the quality of dying and related factors in patients with malignant brain tumor differ from those in patients with other malignant diseases.Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected by two nationwide, multicenter, bereavement surveys of palliative care units in Japan. This analysis included 14,171 bereaved family members (160 patients with malignant brain tumors). The quality of dying was examined using the Good Death Inventory (GDI), a validated tool widely used in palliative care settings.Results: Patients with malignant brain tumors were younger (ES=0.08, p<0.0001) and had a longer palliative care unit stay during their end-of-life (ES=0.05, p<0.0001) than others. The total GDI score was significantly lower in patients with malignant brain tumors (β=-0.02, p<0.0001). Four GDI items were significantly lower in the malignant brain tumor group: “Being able to stay in one’s favorite place” (β=-0.02, p=0.03); “Trusting the physician” (β=-0.02, p=0.003); “Being independent in daily activities” (β=-0.02, p=0.01); and “Feeling that one’s life is worth living” (β=-0.02, p=0.001).Conclusion: This study showed that the quality of dying of patients with malignant brain tumors was lower, suggesting the need to review care for patients with malignant brain tumors based on their characteristics. Care that values personal dignity and early end-of-life decision-making can be more important to improve the quality of dying in patients with malignant brain tumors.
Indigenous Language Shift In Shinasha Community
Authors: Amanu Adugnaw Techane , Woyila Habtamu Anbessie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Shinasha is an Omotic and northern Gonga language. It is a minority language of Ethiopia. This paper discusses language shift and maintenance in Shinasha community. The purpose of this study is to assess language shift in Shinasha. More specifically, to identify the factors that lead some of the Shinasha people to use other languages, to show in which domain Shinasha language preferred and to indicate which language Shinasha people prefer in various domains. To collect the necessary data for the study, interview, questionnaire and focus group discussion were used as data collection instruments. The descriptive survey research design was used to conduct this study by using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. The result showed that demography, economy, psychology and intermarriage are some of the major factors that led Shinasha people to shift from Shinasha to other indigenous languages. Amharic and Afan Oromo are used in various domains by Shinasha youths. On the other hand, a few elders speak Shinasha language. In general, in Shisha community youths prefer Amharic, Afan Oromo and Awngi in various domains bcause of economic, attitudinal, historical, demographic factors.
Factors Associated with Oxygen Extraction Ratio and Pulmonary to Systemic Blood Flow in Parallel Circulation: Insights From Cardiac Catheterization Data
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Villarreal Enrique G. , Wong Joshua , Jensen Kristin , Farias Juan S. , Savorgnan Fabio , Flores Saul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Parallel circulation represents a unique physiologic state in children with functionally univentricular cardiac anatomy characterized by the arterial saturation being a weighted average of the pulmonary venous and systemic venous saturation leaving circulation at increased risk for developing inadequate systemic oxygen delivery. The primary aim of study was to utilize pre-Glenn catheterization data to determine the association of different hemodynamic variables on oxygen extraction ratio. Secondary aims included determining the association of hemodynamic variables on superior vena cava (SVC) saturation and pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (Qp:Qs).
Methods
This was a single-center, retrospective study using data from children with parallel circulation prior to Glenn procedure between 2017–2020. Correlation analyses using spearman correlation were conducted between all the variables of interest to survey potential correlations. A linear regression analysis was conducted to model the oxygen extraction ratio using variables noted to have a statistically significant correlation. Receiver operator curve analyses were conducted for variables with a p-value of less than 0.20 and binary variables were created for the predictors that had an area under the curve of greater than 0.70. Separate regression analyses were conducted for each with either SVC saturation or Qp:Qs as dependent variable. Independent variables were identified based on the factors found to have a statistically significant correlation with the dependent variable from the initial spearman correlation analyses.
Results
A total of 45 patients were included in the final analyses. Median oxygen extraction ratio was 32.0% and it significantly increases as SVC saturation decreases, systemic blood flow decreases, total cardiac output decreases, Qp:Qs increases and systemic vascular resistance increases. Regression analyses with oxygen extraction ratio as the dependent variable demonstrated that systemic blood flow, SVC saturation, and Qp:Qs were significantly associated with oxygen extraction ratio. Regression analysis with SVC saturation as the dependent variable demonstrated that systemic arterial saturation, systemic blood flow and hemoglobin were significantly associated with SVC saturation:
Conclusion
Oxygen extraction ratio in parallel circulation is significantly associated with systemic blood flow, SVC saturation, and Qp:Qs. SVC saturation is further associated with systemic arterial saturation and hemoglobin while Qp:Qs is associated with systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulse pressure. Understanding of these factors can help guide clinical monitoring and management strategies for this high-risk circulation.
Effect of Magnetic and Electric Fields on Synthesis of Cu Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation Method and Investigation of their Structural Properties
Authors: Razaghianpour Mahdieh , hantehzadeh mohammad reza , Sari Amir Hossein , Darabi Elham 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, copper nanoparticles were synthesized and identified by laser ablation method. For the synthesis of copper nanoparticles, a constant magnetic field equal to 10 mT and different electric fields equal to 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 V/Cm were applied and their effect on the properties and morphology of the nanoparticles were investigated. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR, RAMAN, UV–Vis spectrum, FE-SEM and TEM analyzes. The results of UV–Vis spectrum indicated that the size of nanoparticles was decreased by increasing the applied electric field. RAMAN and XRD analysis showed that the amount of copper nanoparticles were increased with increasing the applied electric field and also FTIR analysis confirmed that copper nanoparticles were formed. The FESEM images showed that with increasing electric field along with constant magnetic field, nanoparticles from spherical to flower-shaped and to rod-like were formed. The purity of the synthesized copper nanoparticles was confirmed by EDX spectra. TEM images of the nanoparticles showed that by increasing the electric field, the crystalline form of the nanoparticles shifted from large scales spherical particles to rod-like nanoparticles and then transformed to rod-like with very small spherical particles.
Relativity and View Effects
Authors: Fischli Bernard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Relativity has been based on the implicit assumption that it would exclusively describe interactions. Relativistic view effects are included as well, and they act with no force and no energy exchanges. The Ehrenfest paradox is solved. View effects specific to each point of view are the solution. The calculation of the deflection of light by the sun explains in detail why the deflection angle must be almost double the value obtained with Newton’s laws. The compatibility of General Relativity with the new interpretation is discussed. An object has no speed limit due to gravitation but it is limited in speed with electromagnetism. Inertial behavior is examined. The equivalence principle does not introduce gravitation to General Relativity. Relativity impacts the energy formula of electromagnetism using the Lorentz factor which also introduces view effects that are optical illusions with no impact on energy.
Observational Study on Chest Pain During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Changes and Characteristics of Visits to a Norwegian Emergency Department During the Lockdown.
Authors: Grande Mikkel , Bjørnsen Lars Petter , Næss-Pleym Lars Eide , Laugsand Lars Erik , Grenne Bjørnar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: As the Covid-19 pandemic spread during 2020, reports emerged on a decline in emergency department (ED) visits, including patients with chest pain. The current study aimed to describe the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent national lockdown for the chest pain population in a Norwegian ED. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in all patients presenting to the ED with chest pain from January 6th to August 30th 2020. Variations in the number of ED visits, severity, gender and age were assessed and compared to the corresponding period in 2019.Results: Following the national lockdown, fewer patients presented to the ED compared to the corresponding weeks in 2019 (week 13: down 38%; weeks 11-27: down 16%). Numbers normalized by week 28 compared to 2019 levels. There were relatively fewer moderate acuity patients in this period, while there was an increase in lower acuity patients during the same period. The median age was lower in the first weeks following lockdown compared to the same period in 2019 (58 years (IQR 25) vs 62 years (IQR 24), respectively). The proportion of patients admitted with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remained stable. Conclusions: Fewer patients presented to the ED after the Covid-19 outbreak and the subsequent national lockdown in Norway. The patients were on average younger, and seemed paradoxically to be less severely ill. The proportion of patients with ACS was however stable, implying that some patients with myocardial infarctions may have failed to seek medical advice.
Future precipitation changes in the Central Ethiopian Main Rift under CMIP5 GCMs
Authors: Hailesilassie Wondimu T. , Goel Narendra K. , Ayenew Tenalem , Tekleab Sirak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to predict future changes in precipitation in the Central Ethiopian Main Rift, which is vulnerable to climate change. The Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) model was applied to project precipitation based on five global climate models (GCMs) (EC-EARTH, MIROC-ESM, HadGEM2-ES, INM-CM4, and CCSM4) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) in the periods of 2041–2060 compared to the baseline period of 1976–2005. The model's calibration and validation results showed that it could predict future precipitation. According to the analysis, the mean rainfall is expected to increase in January (up to 14.2%) and December (up to 27.8%) under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, respectively. However, a drop is anticipated in June (up to 8.2%) and May (up to 7%) under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, respectively. In both scenarios, summer precipitation (usually the rainy season) is predicted to fall, while winter precipitation (usually the dry season) is expected to climb. Furthermore, annual and spring precipitation forecasts are anticipated to decrease in most locations. The findings of this research will be utilized to guide future water resource management in the study region.
Mucocutaneous Manifestations of People Living with HIV in Current
Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Authors: Sivaz Onur , Ozkur Ezgi , Altunay Ilknur Kivanc , Oncul Ahsen , Sevgi Dilek Yıldız 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
It has been reported that approximately 90 % of patients infected with the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have various cutaneous symptoms related to the virus. This
study aims to describe the cutaneous disorders that have developed in HIV-infected patients and to
investigate the factors that may be related, such as relationships to drug use and CD4 counts.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included people living with HIV and being followed by our
hospital’s infectious diseases clinic after being referred to the dermatology clinic because of skin
lesions. These patients had been diagnosed with HIV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests
and were included in the study if they were older than 18 years and had agreed to participate. Findings
from detailed dermatological examinations were recorded, along with the patients’ CD4 counts,
the durations of their illnesses, and the treatments they received.

Results:
144 patients were included in the study. The most common mucocutaneous manifestation
was seborrheic dermatitis, at 28.5 % (n = 41). The mean CD4 count was 607.1 (min-max = 10.6-
1982). The CD4 counts were divided into three groups in the study as follows: 22 (15.3 %) patients
with <200, 35 (24.3 seborrheic dermatitis) patients between 200 and 500, and 87 (60.4 %) patients
with >500. There were no statistical differences between these groups in terms of dermatological
findings. Nevertheless, the highest rate of patients with three or more dermatological conditions was
found among those with CD4 counts <200 (n = 11.50 %).

Conclusion:
Skin manifestations are common in patients who are HIV-positive; however, many
skin disorders can be seen in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients whatever
CD4 cell counts of these patients are.
SEMCM: A Self-Expressive Matrix Completion Model for Anti-cancer
Drug Sensitivity Prediction
Authors: Zhang Lin , Yuan Yuwei , Yu Jian , Liu Hui 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Genomic data sets generated by several recent large scale high-throughput
screening efforts pose a complex computational challenge for anticancer drug sensitivity prediction.

Objective:
We aimed to design an algorithm model that would predict missing elements in incomplete
matrices and could be applicable to drug response prediction programs.

Method:
We developed a novel self-expressive matrix completion model to improve the predictive
performance of drug response prediction problems. The model is based on the idea of subspace clustering
and as a convex problem, it can be solved by alternating direction method of multipliers. The original
incomplete matrix can be filled through model training and parameters updated iteratively.

Results:
We applied SEMCM to Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and Cancer Cell Line
Encyclopedia (CCLE) datasets to predict unknown response values. A large number of experiments
have proved that the algorithm has good prediction results and stability, which are better than several
existing advanced drug sensitivity prediction and matrix completion algorithms. Without modeling mutation
information, SEMCM could correctly predict cell line-drug associations for mutated cell lines and
wild cell lines. SEMCM can also be used for drug repositioning. The newly predicted drug responses of
GDSC dataset suggest that TI-73 was sensitive to Erlotinib. Moreover, the sensitivity of A172 and NCIH1437
to Paclitaxel was roughly the same.

Conclusion:
We report an efficient anticancer drug sensitivity prediction algorithm which is opensource
and can predict the unknown responses of cancer cell lines to drugs. Experimental results prove
that our method can not only improve the prediction accuracy but also can be applied to drug repositioning.
Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Hydroxyapatite-
Blended Nanofiltration Membranes: Characterization and Filtration
Properties
Authors: Prihandana Gunawan Setia , Sriani Tutik , Mahardika Muslim 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
The application of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a filtration membrane
is limited due to its hydrophobicity. This paper elaborated on the fabrication process of nanofiltration
PVDF membrane incorporating various quantities of hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydroxyapatite
(HA) using a wet phase inversion method to improve its hydrophilicity.

Methods:
The membrane was fabricated by using the wet phase inversion method. It was then characterized
in terms of water permeability, water contact angle, water content, surface energy, and surface
porosity. Bacteria and Fe ions filtration was conducted to investigate the membrane filtration performance.

Results:
The PVDF/PVP/HA-blended membrane showed the highest water permeability (6,165
LMH/Bar), water content (45.2 %), and surface energy (104.1 mN/m) when 2 wt.% of PVP was introduced
into the base polymer PVDF. This fabricated membrane, labeled as PVP 2.0, also showed the
lowest contact angle (64°) and the highest surface porosity (42%).

Conclusion:
Overall, the PVP introduction into the polymeric membrane doping solution
potentially improves membrane hydrophilicity and permeability.
Construction of Artificial Cells Utilizing DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Liu Shuang , Zhang Chunjuan , Yang Fan , Guo Zhenzhen , Liu Qiaoling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Programmable DNA nanostructures are excellent modules for preparing artificial cells
with complex structures and functions. As a biocompatible building material, DNA nanostructures
can mimic cell components on the nanoscale and serve as artificial cell structural units, such as
membrane proteins, cytoskeleton, organelles, or even protocell models. The incorporation of DNA
strand displacement reactions and functional nucleic acids endowed artificial cells with the capability
of mimicking dynamic biological processes, such as molecular transportation, and signal transduction
pathways. Herein, we focus on the recent progress in the construction of artificial cells utilizing
DNA nanotechnology. DNA nanostructures used as cellular structural and functional units
are summarized, and the applications of DNA-based artificial cells as biosensors or smart drug carriers
are highlighted. We also discuss the perspective of DNA-based artificial cells, including the
challenges in designing smart artificial cells with controllable behavior and constructing artificial
cells with the cell-like function, as well as the opportunities of their potential applications.