bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Vacuolar Inclusions in Coelastrella rubescens Namsu R1 Green Microalgae Cells in Low- and High-Intensity Light
Authors: Zaitseva A. A. , Zaitsev P. A. , Gorelova O. A. , Bakhareva D. A. , Lobakova E. S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Coelastrella rubescens Kaufnerová & Eliás (Chlorophyceae) is a green, single-celled algae that lives in the terrestrial-air environment. Under stress conditions, its cells go into a state characterized by low photosynthetic activity and high content of reserve lipids and secondary carotenoids. For the first time, a comparative morphological, ultrastructural, and elemental analysis of vacuolar inclusions in the C. rubescens NAMSU R1 strain when cultivated on a mineral medium under conditions of low and high (causing stress) light intensity. Microalgae cells stained with the fluorescent dye DAPI showed signs of the presence of polyphosphates. Polarization microscopy in cells of C. rubescens has identified structures capable of refracting polarized light, which is typical of crystals. Cell analysis of C. rubescens with the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) method revealed the presence of various vacuoles with heterogeneous contents (autophagic bodies, crystalloids, and rounded globules of inhomogeneous electron density). With the exception of autophagic bodies noted in cells only in bright light, these inclusions were characteristic of microalgae cells, regardless of the intensity of illumination. The elemental composition of vacuolar inclusions was characterized by TEM in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy: the predominant content of nitrogen, phosphorus, or both elements simultaneously was established in them. The potential physiological role of C. rubescens vacuolar inclusions is discussed.
Extending the utility of anterior corneal buttons through refrigeration and glycerol cryopreservation: utility rate and outcome analysis
Authors: Liu Hsin-Yu , Chu Hsiao Sang , Chen Wei-Li , Wang I-Jong , Hu Fung-Rong 
Published: July 2022

Background/aimsTo evaluate the utility rate, indication, outcome, and cost of refrigeration and glycerol cryopreservation for storing anterior corneal buttons during endothelial keratoplasty for subsequent use in tectonic lamellar patch grafting.MethodAnterior corneal buttons collected after precutting or prestripping during endothelial keratoplasty from January 2014 to December 2019 were preserved using the following protocol: (1) refrigeration for up to 4 weeks at 4°Cin Optisol-GS and (2) glycerol cryopreservation for up to 2 years. The utility rate, outcome and cost of these cryopreserved anterior corneal buttons were retrospectively examined.ResultsDuring the 6-year study period, 26 anterior corneal buttons were refrigerated and 49 were cryopreserved for extended use. The utility rates for the refrigerated and cryopreserved anterior corneal buttons were 69.2% and 73.5%, respectively. Their average preservation periods were 0.53±0.05 and 12.76±0.94 months, respectively. Noninfection-related perforation was the leading indication for using the extendedly preserved anterior corneal buttons. The average postoperative follow-up periods were 10.03±2.91 and 14.35±2.17 months for refrigerated and cryopreserved anterior corneal buttons. Secondary keratoplasty was required by 7 of 18 (38.9%) and 6 of 36 (16.7%) patients receiving refrigerated and cryopreserved anterior corneal buttons, respectively. None of our patients developed graft infection from donor tissues.ConclusionCryopreservation can safely extend the utility of anterior corneal buttons. This method not only reduced the wastage of the limited donor tissue but also was cost-effective.
Effect of a home-based inspiratory muscular training programme on functional capacity in patients with chronic COVID-19 after a hospital discharge: protocol for a randomised control trial (InsCOVID trial)
Authors: Palau Patricia , Domínguez Eloy , Sastre Clara , Martínez M Luz , Gonzalez Cruz , Bondía Elvira , Albiach Crtstina , Núñez Julio , López Laura 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionExercise intolerance and fatigue are the most common symptoms in patients with chronic COVID-19 after hospital discharge. Supervised exercise training programmes improve symptoms, but scarce research has been done on home-based exercise programmes on the maximal functional capacity for discharged symptomatic COVID-19 patients. This study evaluates whether a home-based inspiratory muscle training (IMT) programme improves maximal functional capacity in chronic COVID-19 after hospital admission.Methods and analysisThis single-centre, assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial, powered for superiority, seeks to evaluate maximal functional capacity as the primary endpoint. A total of 26 eligible patients with a previous admission for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pneumonia (>3 months after hospital discharge) will be randomised (1:1) to receive a 12-week programme of IMT versus usual care alone. A blinded assessor will measure outcomes at baseline and after the intervention (12 weeks). An analysis of variance will be used to compare continuous outcomes among the two-intervention groups. As of 21 March 2022, eight patients have been enrolled.Ethics and disseminationThe research ethics committee (Comité Ético de Investigación con Medicamentos de l'Hospital Clínic Universitari de València) approved the protocol following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and national regulations (Approval Number: 021/226). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and conference publications.Trial registration numberNCT05279430.
Clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of MOGS-CDG: a rare congenital disorder of glycosylation
Authors: Shimada Shino , Ng Bobby G , White Amy L , Nickander Kim K , Turgeon Coleman , Liedtke Kristen L , Lam Christina T , Font-Montgomery Esperanza , Lourenco Charles M , He Miao , Peck Dawn S , Umana Luis A , Uhles Crescenda L , Haynes Devon , Wheeler Patricia G , Bamshad Michael J , Nickerson Deborah A , Cushing Tom , Gates Ryan , Gomez-Ospina Natalia , Byers Heather M ,   UW Center for Mendelian Genomics, Scalco Fernanda B , Martinez Noelia N , Sachdev Rani , Smith Lacey , Poduri Annapurna , Malone Stephen , Harris Rebekah V , Scheffer Ingrid E , Rosenzweig Sergio D , Adams David R , Gahl William A , Malicdan May Christine V , Raymond Kimiyo M , Freeze Hudson H , Wolfe Lynne A 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo summarise the clinical, molecular and biochemical phenotype of mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase-related congenital disorders of glycosylation (MOGS-CDG), which presents with variable clinical manifestations, and to analyse which clinical biochemical assay consistently supports diagnosis in individuals with bi-allelic variants inMOGS.MethodsPhenotypic characterisation was performed through an international and multicentre collaboration. Genetic testing was done by exome sequencing and targeted arrays. Biochemical assays on serum and urine were performed to delineate the biochemical signature of MOGS-CDG.ResultsClinical phenotyping revealed heterogeneity in MOGS-CDG, including neurological, immunological and skeletal phenotypes. Bi-allelic variants inMOGSwere identified in 12 individuals from 11 families. The severity in each organ system was variable, without definite genotype correlation. Urine oligosaccharide analysis was consistently abnormal for all affected probands, whereas other biochemical analyses such as serum transferrin analysis was not consistently abnormal.ConclusionThe clinical phenotype of MOGS-CDG includes multisystemic involvement with variable severity. Molecular analysis, combined with biochemical testing, is important for diagnosis. In MOGS-CDG, urine oligosaccharide analysis via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry can be used as a reliable biochemical test for screening and confirmation of disease.
Comparison of measurement results of MgF2–Nb2O5 distributed Bragg reflectors with different periods
Authors: Weng Chien-Erh , Chen Bo-Syuan , Lin Jing-Jenn , Wu You-Lin , Yang Cheng-Fu 
Published: July 2022

In this study, by using the Corning 1737 glass as a substrate and an e-beam system, the optical properties of the deposit MgF2 and Nb2O5 single-layer film were investigated in terms of extinction coefficients ([Formula: see text] values) and refractive indices ([Formula: see text] values). The equation [Formula: see text]/(4[Formula: see text] was used to calculate the thickness ([Formula: see text] of 1/4 wavelength ([Formula: see text] for each layer of MgF2 and Nb2O5 layer in the MgF2–Nb2O5 bilayer films of the designed distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) with a reflective wavelength at blue light ([Formula: see text]450 nm). Each pair of MgF2–Nb2O5 bilayer film was defined as a period, and the glass substrates were used to deposit the films with two, four, and six periods for the fabrication of the DBRs. The field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with a focused ion beam was used to measure the thickness of each MgF2–Nb2O5 layer in the DBRs with different periods. The measured maximum reflective ratios were compared with Sheppard’s approximate equation, which calculates only the maximum reflective ratio at a specific wavelength. We would show that the measured results of the fabricated DBRs matched the results simulated using Sheppard’s approximate equation.
Facts and Hopes in Immunotherapy of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Marín-Jiménez Juan A. , García-Mulero Sandra , Matías-Guiu Xavier , Piulats Josep M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has changed the paradigm of treatment for many tumors, and endometrial carcinoma is not an exception. Approved treatment options are pembrolizumab or dostarlimab for mismatch repair deficient tumors, pembrolizumab for tumors with high mutational load, and, more recently, pembrolizumab/lenvatinib for all patients with endometrial cancer. Endometrial cancer is a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular subtypes and different prognoses. Differences between molecular subgroups regarding antigenicity and immunogenicity should be relevant to develop more tailored immunotherapeutic approaches. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the current evidence—Facts, and future opportunities—Hopes—of immunotherapy for endometrial cancer, focusing on relevant molecular and tumor microenvironment features of The Cancer Genome Atlas endometrial cancer subtypes.
Colonoscopy after a Positive Stool-based Test for Colon Cancer Screening: Moving Toward a Better Understanding of What to Expect
Authors: Krigel Anna , Wan David W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Stool-based tests for colorectal cancer, including fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and multitarget stool DNA testing (mt-sDNA), are among the recommended first-line screening options for patients at average risk for colorectal cancer and offer advantages over colonoscopy. However, stool-based tests have high false-positive rates, and the expected yield of colonoscopy after positive FIT compared with positive mt-sDNA is not well studied. As discussed in this issue of Cancer Prevention Research, the presence of a precancerous lesion in the majority of cases with either positive stool-based test is expected. In addition, a positive mt-sDNA is associated with a higher risk for finding any neoplasia on colonoscopy compared with positive FIT, and particularly associated with higher prevalence of clinically relevant serrated polyps compared with positive FIT. Further research is needed on what to expect from positive stool-based testing on average risk 45–49 years old patients, the newest cohort indicated for colorectal cancer screening.
See related article, p. 455
Cause‐Specific Mortality in Patients During Long‐Term Follow‐Up After Atrial Switch for Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Jensen Annette Schophuus , Jørgensen Troels Højsgaard , Christersson Christina , Nagy Edit , Sinisalo Juha , Furenäs Eva , Gjesdal Ola , Eriksson Peter , Vejlstrup Niels , Johansson Bengt , Hlebowicz Joanna , Greve Gottfried , Dellborg Mikael , Skulstad Helge , Kvidal Per , Jokinen Eero , Sairanen Heikki , Thilén Ulf , Søndergaard Lars 
Published: July 2022

Background
Little is known about the cause of death (CoD) in patients with transposition of the great arteries palliated with a Mustard or Senning procedure. The aim was to describe the CoD for patients with the Mustard and Senning procedure during short‐ (<10 years), mid‐ (10–20 years), and long‐term (>20 years) follow‐up after the operation.

Methods and Results

This is a retrospective, descriptive multicenter cohort study including all Nordic patients (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden) who underwent a Mustard or Senning procedure between 1967 and 2003. Patients who died within 30 days after the index operation were excluded. Among 968 patients with Mustard/Senning palliated transposition of the great arteries, 814 patients were eligible for the study, with a mean follow‐up of 33.6 years. The estimated risk of all‐cause mortality reached 36.0% after 43 years of follow‐up, and the risk of death was highest among male patients as compared with female patients (
P
=0.004). The most common CoD was sudden cardiac death (SCD), followed by heart failure/heart transplantation accounting for 29% and 27%, respectively. During short‐, mid‐, and long‐term follow‐up, there was a change in CoD with SCD accounting for 23.7%, 46.6%, and 19.0% (
P
=0.002) and heart failure/heart transplantation 18.6%, 22.4%, and 46.6% (
P
=0.0005), respectively.

Conclusions
Among patients corrected with Mustard or Senning transposition of the great arteries, the most common CoD is SCD followed by heart failure/heart transplantation. The CoD changes as the patients age, with SCD as the most common cause in adolescence and heart failure as the dominant cause in adulthood. Furthermore, the risk of all‐cause mortality, SCD, and death attributable to heart failure or heart transplantation was increased in men >10 years after the Mustard/Senning operation.
Trends in Medicare Payments for Beneficiaries With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: van Bakel Pieter A. J. , Ahmed Yunus , Hou Hechuan , Sukul Devraj , Likosky Donald S. , van Herwaarden Joost A. , Patel Himanshu J. , Thompson Michael P. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common form of valvular heart disease with an increasing prevalence. Management of AS has changed dramatically with the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (AVR). The shift in management of AS, combined with an aging population, may increase the cost of patients with AS in the US health care system.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective cohort study, using inpatient, carrier, and outpatient data from a 20% Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries' sample from 2008 to 2019 and included beneficiaries, aged ≥65 years. We identified beneficiaries with a diagnosis of AS and stratified the sample into 3 age groups: 66 to 74, 75 to 84, and ≥85 years. We evaluated the crude and adjusted changes in annual Medicare payments (total and component) per beneficiary. We identified 1 887 340 (1.6%) Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with AS. The average annual spending for Medicare beneficiaries with AS was $19 241 in 2010 and increased annually by $301 to $23 174 in 2019 (
P
<0.0001). Annual Medicare payments on patients with AS increased from $2 894 995 131 in 2010 to $4 619 077 182 in 2019, a difference of >1.7 billion dollars. Inpatient spending increased 1.1% per year, with the highest increase in patients aged ≥85 years (1.9%). The percentage of beneficiaries undergoing surgical AVR decreased from 3.7% to 1.6%, and annual spending on surgical AVR decreased an average of 7.2% per year. The percentage of beneficiaries undergoing transcatheter AVR increased from 0% in 2010 to 3.8% in 2019, and annual spending for transcatheter AVR increased by 458.7% per year.

Conclusions
Although average annual Medicare spending per beneficiary modestly increased over the study period, the increase in the prevalence of AS and the proportion of beneficiaries undergoing (transcatheter) interventions for AS led to a substantial increase in overall Medicare spending among patients with AS.
Wollo: A Land of Religious and Ethnic Amalgamation
Authors: Melaku Misganaw Tadesse 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Wollo is a province in Ethiopia where many ethnic, religious, and cultural groups live in harmony. The religious demography of the province, which has an almost equal number of Muslims and Christians living together intermingled, made social interaction inevitable. As a result, the community has a unique history of tolerance, peaceful coexistence, and a strong sense of togetherness. The people share many customary, cultural, and ritual practices. This paper thus examines the interaction and integration between the different ethnic and religious groups in Wollo that led to the emergence of a unique genetic amalgam and cultural hybridity in the province.
‘Sacrament of (Be)longing’: Analysis of Finnish Lutheran and Orthodox Christian Eucharistic Practices amid Absence and Estrangement
Authors: Ahonen Talvikki , Mikkola Sini , Kallatsa Laura , Metso Pekka 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article addresses eucharistic and communal transformations of two local Finnish churches, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (ELCF) and the Orthodox Church of Finland (OCF), amid the COVID-19 pandemic and precautions. We analyze how eucharistic practices have transformed in the ELCF and the OCF and the ways these transformations are reflected in the experiences of both parishioners and pastors. The data consist of four questionnaires (N = 739) collected from Lutheran and Orthodox believers and Lutheran vicars during the pandemic. Our results indicate that the significance of belonging was emphasized during the time of social distancing. While among those in the ELCF, experiences of belonging were manifested in terms of Eucharist, among those in the OCF, belonging was most often reflected in relation to liturgical community. The differences in eucharistic theologies of the OCF and the ELCF have perhaps become more visible in exceptional circumstances.
The Internal Discussions in the Belarusian Orthodox Church on Identity and Policy Issues
Authors: Mudrov Sergei , Zakharov Nikolay 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Based on extensive fieldwork across Belarus, this article analyses an ongoing discussion within the Belarusian Orthodox Church (BOC) regarding various issues that are key in assessing the country’s identity politics and politico-ideological developments. Since the independence of Belarus in 1991, the Church has continuously played an important public and societal function. A special agreement, signed between the Church and Belarusian Government in 2003, has fostered Church cooperation with various governmental institutions, including educational establishments. Discussing the contribution of the BOC to the construction of a distinct Belarusian national identity, we will address the national language, relationships with the state, foreign policy orientation and the Church’s autocephaly. The empirical part of this study is based on seventeen in-depth interviews with clergymen and laypeople from the BOC. Our study shows that Church representatives have not hesitated to develop their profound perspectives on the important issues of identity politics and the relationships of the BOC and state, and these perspectives were often reflective of wider debates within Belarusian intellectual circles.
Early Quaker Identity from the Perspective of Some Ecclesiastical Anti-Quakers
Authors: Roads Judith 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This empirical case study provides a new approach to the understanding of discursively constructed Quaker identity in the seventeenth century, from the point of view of those opposed to the dissenting Christian movement. This article asks how others may have viewed adherents to the Quaker communities in England. The findings illustrate a range of negative and denigrating discourses that go beyond abstract religious controversy to sow manufactured fear of the Quaker community. Overt and covert linguistic mechanisms used by anti-Quaker writers reveal expressions of emerging moral panic underlying unsubstantiated accusations attacking the minority Quaker community.
Biodynamic Wine-Crafting and the Spiritualization of the Workplace
Authors: Grandjean Alexandre 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the involvement of Swiss wine-crafters (vignerons) with ‘holistic spiritualities’ has become more visible. Through the use of esoterically driven preparations, energetic crystals, and neo-shamanic ‘vision questing’ practices, vignerons have incorporated alternative self-healing practices in their workplace. Under the umbrella term ‘biodynamic farming,’ vignerons are experimenting and delineating a new professional and relational ethos, be it with humans or nonhumans (e.g., grapevines). In the context of the Swiss vineyards, however, the engagement of vignerons with ‘holistic spiritualities’ has also forced them to grapple with potential social stigmas. This article examines the social uses, dynamics, and dilemmas resulting from the gradual ‘spiritualization’ of vignerons’ workplaces.
Mass Atrocities in Ethiopia and Myanmar: The Case for ‘Harm Mitigation’ in R2P Implementation
Authors: Wight Patrick , Cowper-Smith Yuriko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By combining insights from the three dominant perspectives in International Relations – liberalism, realism, and anti-imperialism – a novel approach is put forward, that of ‘harm mitigation’. A comparative analysis of Ethiopia and Myanmar reveals that the international community still does not possess the mechanisms to halt mass atrocities in real time. When enforcing R2P, none of the available non-coercive and coercive policy options are pragmatically or ethically unassailable. The non-coercive tools that can be labelled as ‘ethical’, such as diplomacy, humanitarian assistance, and documenting atrocities, while important, are largely ineffective at stopping atrocities as they happen. Much like UN peacekeeping, these non-coercive actions are limited by targeted governments invoking the principle of state sovereignty. Meanwhile, actions that are potentially expedient, such as economic sanctions, military intervention, and supporting rebel groups, are ethically thorny. The conclusions speak to the reality that both non-intervention and intervention have the potential to cause human suffering.
Anatomical and topochemical features of the genera Acacia, Acaciella, Senegalia and Vachellia
Authors: Lewandrowski Tim , Koch Gerald , Haag Volker 
Published: July 2022

Summary
Molecular research has shown that the genus Acacia is in fact polyphyletic. The discussion about grouping the species of Acacia s.l. into monophyletic genera kept two International Botanical Congresses (Congresses 17 and 18) occupied and resulted in the general acceptance of the genera Acacia, Acaciella, Mariosousa, Senegalia and Vachellia. This raises questions about whether the wood of these new genera can be distinguished using established wood identification methods. Anatomical features of members from Acacia, Acaciella, Senegalia and Vachellia were examined and compared using transmission light microscopy. Topochemical characteristics were investigated using UV microspectrophotometry (UMSP) to identify differences in the distribution of phenolic compounds and cell wall lignification. The current study shows that the presence as well as the arrangement and dimensions of the axial parenchyma, as well as the height and width of the wood rays and fibre dimensions allow anatomical differentiation of the species studied. UMSP revealed the presence and distribution of phenolic compounds and differences in the degree of lignification between the genera. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential of the applied methods to differentiate between the genera.