bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of Danish public criteria for providing flash glucose monitoring to participants with type 1 diabetes—An explorative cohort study
Authors: Nielsen Ida R. , Priergaard Mie K. , Kofoed‐Enevoldsen Allan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionFlash glucose monitor (FGM) use is increasing. A set of Danish criteria for regulating the use has been released. We assessed their validity.MethodsPatients with type 1 diabetes attending our clinic were offered Freestyle Libre Sensor for 12 months and stratified into fulfilling the Danish regional criteria (RC+) or not (RC−). Primary endpoint was achieving individualized target HbA1c. Secondary endpoints were HbA1c reduction ≥5%, time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), daily scans, change in median HbA1c, and noted experiences.ResultsTwo hundred seventy‐eight participants were included. Forty‐four participants met target HbA1c after 1 year. No difference between RC+ and RC− was observed (p = .136). Higher age was associated with probability to meet target HbA1c (RR = 3.15, [95% CI: 1.15, 8.62]) as was frequent scans (RR = 1.88, [95% CI: 0.99, 3.57]). One hundred twenty‐three participants met an HbA1c reduction ≥5%, the majority represented in RC+ (p = .023). Higher baseline HbA1c was associated with a reduction of HbA1c ≥5% after 1 year (RR = 1.97, [95% CI: 1.40, 2.78]). There was no difference between RC+ and RC− in TIR, TBR, and daily scans. Positive experiences dominated from both participants and healthcare professionals. More positive experiences were noted from healthcare professionals in RC− (p = .003) but no difference in reported experiences among participants in RC+ and RC− (p = .880).ConclusionThe Danish Regional Criteria seems not a valid tool for regulation of FGM. Participants of older age and participants with more frequent daily scans might benefit more from FGM.
Charging characterization of a high‐capacity lithium‐sulfur pouch cell for state estimation: An experimental approach
Authors: Shateri Neda , Auger Daniel J. , Fotouhi Abbas , Brighton James 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLithiumSulfur (LiS) battery is a next‐generation technology, which is promising for applications that require higher energy density in comparison to the available lithium‐ion batteries. Along with the ongoing research on LiS cell material development and manufacturing to improve this technology, engineers are also working on LiS battery management systems (BMS). The existing BMS algorithms, which are developed for lithium‐ion batteries, are not useable for the LiS mainly due to its constant voltage plateau during the discharge phase. As a result, the LiS system has poor observability during discharge, which limits the BMS functionality that can be implemented from discharge information alone, and it is worth considering if information from charging is useful. In this study, the charging behavior of a high‐capacity pouch cell is investigated and characterized for the purpose of state estimation in a BMS. Several tests are conducted on prototype LiS cells at different temperatures and age levels. An online feature extraction method is then used in combination with a classification technique to estimate the cell's states during charging. The proposed charging estimators can provide accurate initialization for state estimation accuracy during discharge by providing good estimates of the post‐charging state of charge (ie, around 3%) and capacity after fading (ie, around 2%).
Dimorphic Mechanisms of Fragility in Diabetes Mellitus: the Role of Reduced Collagen Fibril Deformation
Authors: Wölfel Eva M. , Schmidt Felix N. , vom Scheidt Annika , Siebels Anna K. , Wulff Birgit , Mushumba Herbert , Ondruschka Benjamin , Püschel Klaus , Scheijen Jean , Schalkwijk Casper G. , Vettorazzi Eik , Jähn-Rickert Katharina , Gludovatz Bernd , Schaible Eric , Amling Michael , Rauner Martina , Hofbauer Lorenz C. , Zimmermann Elizabeth A. , Busse Björn 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an emerging metabolic disease, and the management of diabetic bone disease poses a serious challenge worldwide. Understanding the underlying mechanisms leading to high fracture risk in DM is hence of particular interest and urgently needed to allow for diagnosis and treatment optimization. In a case–control postmortem study, the whole 12th thoracic vertebra and cortical bone from the mid-diaphysis of the femur from male individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (n = 6; 61.3 ± 14.6 years), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 11; 74.3 ± 7.9 years), and nondiabetic controls (n = 18; 69.3 ± 11.5) were analyzed with clinical and ex situ imaging techniques to explore various bone quality indices. Cortical collagen fibril deformation was measured in a synchrotron setup to assess changes at the nanoscale during tensile testing until failure. In addition, matrix composition was analyzed including determination of cross-linking and non-crosslinking advanced glycation end-products like pentosidine and carboxymethyl-lysine. In T1DM, lower fibril deformation was accompanied by lower mineralization and more mature crystalline apatite. In T2DM, lower fibril deformation concurred with a lower elastic modulus and tendency to higher accumulation of non-crosslinking advanced glycation end-products. The observed lower collagen fibril deformation in diabetic bone may be linked to altered patterns mineral characteristics in T1DM and higher advanced glycation end-product accumulation in T2DM. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Atomic force microscopy measurements and model of DNA bending caused by binding of AraC protein
Authors: Lowe Mary , Glezer Benjamin , Toulan Brendan , Hess Brian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to conduct single‐molecule imaging of protein/DNA complexes involved in the regulation of the arabinose operon of Escherichia coli. In the presence of arabinose, the transcription regulatory protein AraC binds to a 38 bp region consisting of the araI1 and araI2 half‐sites. The domain positioning of full‐length AraC, when bound to DNA, was not previously known. In this study, AraC was combined with 302 and 560 bp DNA and arabinose, deposited on a mica substrate, and imaged with AFM in air. High resolution images of 560 bp DNA, where bound protein was visible, showed that AraC induces a bend in the DNA with an angle 60° ± 12° with a median of 55°. These results are consistent with earlier gel electrophoresis measurements that measured the DNA bend angle based on migration rates. By using known domain structures of AraC, geometric constraints, and contacts determined from biochemical experiments, we developed a model of the tertiary and quaternary structure of DNA‐bound AraC in the presence of arabinose. The DNA bend angle predicted by the model is in agreement with the measurement values. We discuss the results in view of other regulatory proteins that cause DNA bending and formation of the open complex to initiate transcription.
Decadal variability in the austral summer precipitation over the Central Andes: Observations and the empirical‐statistical downscaling model
Authors: Sulca Juan , Takahashi Ken , Tacza José , Espinoza Jhan‐Carlo , Dong Bo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe decadal variability in summer precipitation over the Central Andes (10°–30°S) is investigated from 1921 to 2010 using low‐pass filtered time series of the central and eastern El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Pacific (C and E) indices, the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) index, the Atlantic SST indices, Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, and ERA‐20C reanalysis. Additionally, an empirical‐statistical downscaling (ESD) model was built. A rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis shows that the first leading mode of precipitation (RPC1) represents 38.2% of the total decadal variance. RPC2, RCP3, and RPC4 represent 18.8, 12.8, and 9.7% of the total decadal variance, respectively. Furthermore, RPC1 features highest loadings over most of the region. RPC2 features a dipole of highest loadings over the southernmost Bolivian Altiplano and lowest loadings over the northwestern Argentinian Andes. Conversely, RPC3 presents highest loadings over the eastern‐central Bolivian Altiplano and northwestern Argentinian Andes. RPC4 features highest loadings over the southern Bolivian Andes. RPC1 and RPC3 wet summers are associated with moisture transport from the Amazon basin, but RPC1 features the strengthening upper‐level Bolivian high‐Nordeste low system over South America. Conversely, RPC2 and RPC4 wet summers are associated with local processes induced by southward displacement of the South Atlantic Convergence Zone and warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the Indian Ocean, respectively. According to the ESD model, the decadal variability in the central and eastern Pacific (CP and EP) and Atlantic Ocean reproduces the decadal component of the DJF precipitation over most of the Central Andes.
Functional Outcomes of Swallowing Following Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Rasool Alysha , Randall Derrick R. , Chau Jason K. M. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveIdentification and evaluation of swallowing dysfunction in patients undergoing upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is limited. This study evaluated subjective swallowing function pre and postoperatively in patients undergoing multi‐level reconstructive pharyngeal sleep surgery.MethodsA retrospective analysis of prospectively‐administered Eating Assessment Tool (EAT‐10) scores was conducted among adult patients undergoing surgery for OSA at a tertiary sleep surgery center. Preoperative and 1, 3, and 6‐month postoperative time points were assessed. Patients were subdivided into two groups based on the degree of upper airway reconstruction performed. All patients underwent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty +/−tonsillectomy and tongue‐base reduction. Patients undergoing Phase 1 reconstructive surgery additionally underwent tongue‐base advancement procedures.ResultsA total 100 patients underwent airway reconstructive surgery. Forty‐one patients underwent Phase 1 surgery; 59 patients underwent Mini‐Phase 1 surgery. Neither group demonstrated preoperative dysphagia. Both groups experienced significant subjective dysphagia at 1‐month postoperatively, which was greater among Phase 1 patients (mean EAT‐10 14.8; SD 10.4) versus Mini‐Phase 1 patients (mean EAT‐10 6.7; SD 7.5) (p < 0.001). Swallowing function among both groups normalized by 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Phase 1 patients with pre‐operative dysphagia (mean EAT‐10 9.6; SD 5) demonstrated initial worsening of their swallowing postoperatively; however, reported improved swallowing versus pre‐operative levels by 6 months postoperatively (mean EAT‐10 3.6; SD 4.3) (p = 0.03).ConclusionPharyngeal surgery resulted in no significant, persistent adverse change in swallowing function. Among both groups, significant subjective dysphagia was reported at 1 month postoperatively, yet returned to preoperative levels by 6 months postoperatively. OSA patients with pre‐existing dysphagia undergoing Phase 1 surgery trended towards improved swallowing function postoperatively.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 133:199–204, 2023
Divergence of mutational signatures in association with breast cancer subtype
Authors: Perry Gili , Dadiani Maya , Kahana‐Edwin Smadar , Pavlovski Anya , Markus Barak , Hornung Gil , Balint‐Lahat Nora , Yosepovich Ady , Hout‐Siloni Goni , Jacob‐Hirsch Jasmine , Sklair‐Levy Miri , Friedman Eitan , Barshack Iris , Kaufman Bella , Gal‐Yam Einav Nili , Paluch‐Shimon Shani 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAbnormal molecular processes occurring throughout the genome leave distinct somatic mutational patterns termed mutational signatures. Exploring the associations between mutational signatures and clinicopathological features can unravel potential mechanisms driving tumorigenic processes.We analyzed whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of tumor and peripheral blood samples from 37 primary breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Comprehensive clinico‐pathologic features were correlated with genomic profiles and mutational signatures.Somatic mutational landscapes were highly concordant with known BC data sets. Remarkably, we observed a divergence of dominant mutational signatures in association with BC subtype. Signature 5 was overrepresented in hormone receptor positive (HR+) patients, whereas triple‐negative tumors mostly lacked Signature 5, but expectedly overrepresented Signature 3. We validated these findings in a large WGS data set of BC, demonstrating dominance of Signature 5 in HR+ patients, mostly in luminal A subtype. We further investigated the association between Signature 5 and gene expression signatures, and identified potential networks, likely related to estrogen regulation.Our results suggest that the yet elusive Signature 5 represents an alternative mechanism for mutation accumulation in HR+ BC, independent of the homologous recombination repair machinery related to Signature 3. This study provides theoretical basis for further elucidating the processes promoting hormonal breast carcinogenesis.
Targeting epigenetic regulators for inflammation: Mechanisms and intervention therapy
Authors: Zhang Su , Meng Yang , Zhou Lian , Qiu Lei , Wang Heping , Su Dan , Zhang Bo , Chan Kui‐Ming , Han Junhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that resolution of inflammation is a critical and dynamic endogenous process for host tissues defending against external invasive pathogens or internal tissue injury. It has long been known that autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders are characterized by dysregulated immune responses, leading to excessive and uncontrol tissue inflammation. The dysregulation of epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications to histone proteins, and noncoding RNA expression has been implicated in a host of inflammatory disorders and the immune system. The inflammatory response is considered as a critical trigger of epigenetic alterations that in turn intercede inflammatory actions. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism that dictates the outcome of targeting epigenetic regulators for inflammatory disease is required for inflammation resolution. In this article, we elucidate the critical role of the nuclear factor‐κB signaling pathway, JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in chronic inflammatory diseases. And we formulate the relationship between inflammation, coronavirus disease 2019, and human cancers. Additionally, we review the mechanism of epigenetic modifications involved in inflammation and innate immune cells. All that matters is that we propose and discuss the rejuvenation potential of interventions that target epigenetic regulators and regulatory mechanisms for chronic inflammation‐associated diseases to improve therapeutic outcomes.
A 5‐channel local B0 shimming coil combined with a 3‐channel RF receiver coil for rat brain imaging at 3 T
Authors: Chen Qiaoyan , Luo Chao , Tie Changjun , Cheng Chuanli , Zou Chao , Zhang Xiaoliang , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Li Ye 
Published: September 2022

PurposeWe aimed to improve B0 magnetic field homogeneity and minimize the interference between RF coils and local B0 shimming coils with few channel numbers.MethodsTo design and construct the prototype for B0 shimming of the rat brain, we first evaluated the interferences of single shimming loops on RF receiver loops. Then, B0 shimming of the whole rat brain was implemented using an optimization procedure. The positions and currents of the local shimming coils with channel numbers from 3 to 6 were optimized to improve shimming performance. Based on the simulation results, a 5‐channel local shimming coil, combined with a 3‐channel RF receiver coil, was constructed and evaluated by animal experiments.ResultsThere was marginal SNR loss within 5% after integrating the local shimming coil into the RF receiver coil. With respect to the Siemens standard shims up to second order, the B0 inhomogeneity in one whole rat brain was reduced from 39.6 Hz to 24.7 Hz by using the local shimming coil. A large portion of the EPI distortions was recovered after using the 5‐channel local shimming coil. The temporal SNR using the local shimming coil was higher than that using the Siemens standard shims up to second order, with an improvement of more than 24%.ConclusionsThe local shimming coil can improve B0 magnetic field homogeneity despite minor effects on the RF coil and can benefit a variety of applications that are sensitive to B0 inhomogeneity. Nevertheless, EPI for rat brain is still very challenging.
Turnover‐attachment motive of Saudi Arabia nursing workforce: A Cross‐Sectional study
Authors: Mariano Maria E. M. , Woodman Alexander , Al Zahrani Eidan M. , Al Naam Yaser A. , Farrelly Rory R. , Al‐Jamea Lamiaa H. , Al Mutair Abbas , Al‐Ansari Rehab Y. , Quiambao Jenifer V. , Balilla Jeffhraim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the association of turnover‐attachment motive with socio‐demographic data among Saudi and foreign nurses in a hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross‐sectional correlation study was conducted among n = 180 registered Saudi and foreign nurses working at a private tertiary hospital in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. The turnover‐attachment motive survey was used to evaluate the eight motivational forces. Data were analysed using JASP version 16 statistical software and Orange 3 version 3.26.0. The data were subjected to correlation analysis and multiple linear regression.ResultsOnly 8% of participants were identified with a high intention to leave driven by alternative, behavioural, normative and constitutive forces. Younger healthcare workers tend to have higher intentions to quit the job; the 29–33 age group has a statistically significant negative effect, increasing intention to leave. It was found that those with 5–6 years of clinical experience at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Al Khobar and no experience abroad had statistically significantly lower intention to leave.ConclusionThis study presented the factors influencing nursing staff to stay or leave work in a hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia that can be a basis for reviewing existing policies and procedures to improve nurses' working conditions.
Effectiveness of anger‐focused emotional management training in reducing aggression among nurses
Authors: Tanabe Yuriko , Asami Takeshi , Yoshimi Asuka , Abe Kie , Saigusa Yusuke , Hayakawa Maya , Fujita Junichi , Ide Keiko , Suda Akira , Hishimoto Akitoyo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to conduct a 5‐h training programme on anger‐focused emotional management for nurses and verify its effectiveness.DesignThe study used a one‐group pretest–posttest design.MethodsParticipants (N = 283) attended a programme comprising lectures and exercises. The Japanese version of the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire was administered pre‐, post‐ and 3‐month posttraining. Regression analyses were used to assess the effects of the programme by gender.ResultsFor the total aggression score, the difference between the pre‐ and posttraining scores was −2.827 points and remained at −1.602 points 3‐month posttraining. Physical aggression scores decreased posttraining, but the scores increased after 3 months. There were statistically significant gender differences in hostility scores; pre‐training scores were slightly higher for men than for women and lower for men after 3 months. Total and physical aggression scores were higher for men than for women. The training programme decreased aggression, and the effect persisted after 3 months.
Improvement of aerospace thermoplastic composite adhesion to coating with dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment
Authors: Lapena Mauro H. , Lopes Cristina Moniz Araujo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAtmospheric pressure plasma with dielectric barrier discharge is used to improve the adhesion of novel composite carbon fiber reinforced low melting poly (aryl ether ketone) (CF/LMPAEK) to aerospace coatings under ambient and gas flow (Ar‐O2). The surface activation is evaluated by contact angle measurement and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Different atmospheres are used to prevent aging of the treated surface. The water contact angle is considerably reduced after plasma treatment, and the formation of oxygen and nitrogen polar groups is confirmed by XPS analysis. Plasma treatment improves the adhesion of CF/LMPAEK to the topcoat on the primer coating system to the traditional abrasion treatment level. This effect even is intensified with Ar‐O2 plasma. The topcoat alone presents a higher adherence, which provides a reduced coating usage option.
De novo design and Rosetta‐based assessment of high‐affinity antibody variable regions (Fv) against the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD)
Authors: Boorla Veda Sheersh , Chowdhury Ratul , Ramasubramanian Ranjani , Ameglio Brandon , Frick Rahel , Gray Jeffrey J. , Maranas Costas D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe continued emergence of new SARS‐CoV‐2 variants has accentuated the growing need for fast and reliable methods for the design of potentially neutralizing antibodies (Abs) to counter immune evasion by the virus. Here, we report on the de novo computational design of high‐affinity Ab variable regions (Fv) through the recombination of VDJ genes targeting the most solvent‐exposed hACE2‐binding residues of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) protein using the software tool OptMAVEn‐2.0. Subsequently, we carried out computational affinity maturation of the designed variable regions through amino acid substitutions for improved binding with the target epitope. Immunogenicity of designs was restricted by preferring designs that match sequences from a 9‐mer library of “human Abs” based on a human string content score. We generated 106 different antibody designs and reported in detail on the top five that trade‐off the greatest computational binding affinity for the RBD with human string content scores. We further describe computational evaluation of the top five designs produced by OptMAVEn‐2.0 using a Rosetta‐based approach. We used Rosetta SnugDock for local docking of the designs to evaluate their potential to bind the spike RBD and performed “forward folding” with DeepAb to assess their potential to fold into the designed structures. Ultimately, our results identified one designed Ab variable region, P1.D1, as a particularly promising candidate for experimental testing. This effort puts forth a computational workflow for the de novo design and evaluation of Abs that can quickly be adapted to target spike epitopes of emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants or other antigenic targets.