bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Crisis Prevention Program for Implementation in Health Care Settings
Authors: Bernstein Alec M. , Clark Seth B. , Pattishall Amy E. , Morris Claudia R. , McCarter Andrea , Muething Colin S. , Pavlov Alexis C. , Chun Thomas , Call Nathan A. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Behavioral crises are increasingly prevalent in health care settings. Existing programs, however, include procedures that lack adaptability, omit critical components, and deviate from clinical best-practice recommendations. Health care employees also continue to report lacking confidence for safely managing behavioral crises. Aims We described the development and acceptability of a comprehensive crisis prevention program and its modification for a large pediatric health care system to help remediate the limitations of existing programs. Method Chi-square analyses evaluated the acceptability of the crisis prevention program pre- versus post-training and at 3- and 6-month follow-up times. For insignificant outcomes, logistical regressions identify whether responses differed between emergency-department and nonemergency-department employees. Results Chi-square analyses were significant for 10 of 15 questions suggesting that employees were more confident in managing and communicating during behavioral crises post-training, and that this confidence was maintained. Logistic regressions found that emergency-department employees differed in some responses to the acceptability questionnaire than nonemergency-department employees over time Conclusion The present crisis prevention program is adaptable to various settings and patients, and it is well received overall by employees. The safety of patients and employees is integral to the delivery of quality care and improving patient-provider relations.
The Effect of Wearable and Smartphone Applications on Physical Activity, Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Health Outcomes in Overweight/Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Dehghan Ghahfarokhi Amin , Vosadi Elham , Barzegar Hamed , Saatchian Vahid 
Published: May 2022

Background Advances in the device and smartphone technology have resulted in a convenient option for providing physical activity strategies; this is especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Objective The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of wearable and smartphone-based interventions to promote physical activity and improve quality of life and cardiovascular health outcomes among overweight/obese adults. Data sources We searched relevant databases up to 18 November 2021 for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials lasting 4 or more weeks that investigated the impacts of wearables and smartphone applications on physical activity, quality of life and health outcomes. Results Twenty-six studies including 2373 participants were included. There was a significant pooled standard mean differences (SMD) for the comparison between intervention versus control in steps per day (SMD: 0.54; p = 0.0003), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD: 0.47; p = 0.02), quality of life (SMD: 0.33; p = 0.0006), body weight (mean difference (MD), -1.61 kg; p = 0.009), and BMI (MD, -0.59 kg/m2; p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate (all p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that wearable and smartphone-based interventions are effective strategies in promoting physical activity and can provide a direct contact line to health professionals.
Corticosteroid-free efficacy and safety outcomes in patients receiving tofacitinib in the OCTAVE Sustain maintenance study
Authors: Vavricka Stephan R. , Greuter Thomas , Cohen Benjamin L. , Reinisch Walter , Steinwurz Flavio , Fellmann Marc , Guo Xiang , Lawendy Nervin , Paulissen Jerome , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent 
Published: May 2022

Background: Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we report steroid-free efficacy and safety with tofacitinib among patients with UC who received corticosteroids at baseline of the maintenance study (OCTAVE Sustain). Methods: This analysis included patients with clinical response following OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 who were re-randomized to receive placebo, or tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (b.d.), in OCTAVE Sustain for 52 weeks and were receiving corticosteroids at OCTAVE Sustain baseline. Corticosteroid tapering was mandatory during OCTAVE Sustain. Rates of steroid-free remission, endoscopic improvement, and clinical response were assessed, stratified by baseline characteristics. Adverse events (AEs) were stratified by treatment and steroid-free remission status. Results: Overall, 289/593 patients had corticosteroid use at OCTAVE Sustain baseline. At week 52, steroid-free remission, endoscopic improvement, and clinical response rates were 10.9%, 11.9%, and 17.8% among patients receiving placebo, 27.7%, 29.7%, and 40.6% among patients receiving tofacitinib 5 mg b.d., and 27.6%, 29.9%, and 43.7% among patients receiving tofacitinib 10 mg b.d., respectively (non-responder imputation; all p < 0.05 tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg b.d. versus placebo). Discontinuations due to AEs were lower among patients with steroid-free remission versus without. AEs of special interest were infrequent. Conclusion: For patients with baseline corticosteroid use in OCTAVE Sustain, the odds of achieving steroid-free efficacy endpoints were significantly higher for tofacitinib versus placebo, irrespective of tofacitinib dose. There were no apparent differences in AEs of special interest by steroid-free remission status. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01458574
Association between Concentration of Air Pollutants and Prevalence of Inflammatory Sinonasal Diseases: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Han Munsoo , Choi Soo Jeong , Jeong Yujin , Lee Kijeong , Lee Tae Hoon , Lee Sang Hag , Kim Tae Hoon 
Published: May 2022

Background Air pollution is a serious health concern and affects inflammatory sinonasal diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Clarifying the relationship between air pollutants and upper respiratory diseases could help the patients. Objective To evaluate the association between the concentration of air pollutants and the prevalence of AR and CRS among South Koreans. Methods In this cross-sectional study, nationwide data were reviewed for participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008 to 2012. Participants were surveyed with health questionnaires, examined with endoscopies by otolaryngologists, and tested with serum immunoglobulin E levels. The concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤10 µm (PM10) were measured in 16 areas of South Korea. Air pollutant concentrations of geographic districts were matched to each participant's residence. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results Among 27 863 eligible adults, 3359 and 1606 participants had AR or CRS, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis for AR, PM10 showed statistically significant results (odds ratio [OR] = 1.145, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.042–1.258). No air pollutants showed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of CRS. In AR, PM10 (OR = 1.458, 95% CI = 1.201–1.770) was associated with endoscopic findings of watery rhinorrhea, whereas SO2 (OR = 1.202, 95% CI = 1.100–1.313) was associated with pale mucosa. Conclusion The prevalence of AR was significantly associated with PM10 concentration. In patients with AR, endoscopic findings of watery rhinorrhea were associated with PM10. However, CRS was not associated with the air pollutant concentrations. Lower concentration of PM10 might help managing the clinical symptoms in patients of AR.
Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Midterm Outcomes After Arthroscopic Surgery for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Propensity-Matched Controlled Study With Minimum 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Jimenez Andrew E. , Lee Michael S. , Owens Jade S. , Maldonado David R. , Saks Benjamin R. , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G. 
Published: May 2022

Background: There is limited literature evaluating patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in cigarette smokers undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) at midterm follow-up. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 5-year PROs for cigarette-smoking patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS and (2) to compare these results with a propensity-matched control group of never-smoking patients. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were collected for all patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS between June 2009 and March 2016. Patients were eligible if they indicated that they smoked cigarettes within 1 month of surgery and had minimum 5-year postoperative outcomes for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and International Hip Outcome Tool–12 (iHOT-12). The percentages of patients achieving the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold were recorded. The study group was then propensity matched in a 1:2 ratio to patients who had never smoked for comparison. Results: Included were 35 patients (35 hips) with a mean age of 39.4 ± 13.0 years and mean follow-up of 64.6 ± 4.1 months. These patients demonstrated significant improvement from preoperatively to a minimum 5-year follow-up for all recorded PROs ( P < .05). When compared with 70 control patients (70 hips), smoking patients demonstrated significantly worse preoperative scores for all PROs ( P < .05). Study patients also demonstrated worse minimum 5-year scores for all recorded PROs compared with control patients, which did not reach statistical significance but trended toward significance for HOS-SSS (70.4 vs 81.9; P = .076) and iHOT-12 (74.7 vs 82.2; P = .122). Smoking patients also trended toward lower rates of achieving PASS for the iHOT-12 compared with never-smoking patients (50.0% vs 68.2%; P = .120). Conclusion: Patients who smoked cigarettes and underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS demonstrated significant improvement in PROs at a minimum 5-year follow-up. When compared with a propensity-matched control group of never-smokers, they trended toward lower postoperative HOS-SSS and iHOT-12 scores and lower rates of achieving PASS on the iHOT-12.
Flexion Dislocation After Limb Lengthening: Correction With Distal Femoral Osteotomy, Quadriceps Release, and Physeal-Sparing Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) Reconstruction
Authors: Dandu Navya , Fice Michael P. , Hur Edward , Kogan Monica , Yanke Adam B. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Patellar instability is a common clinical condition in skeletally immature individuals. Surgical treatment is considered when risk of recurrence is high. Indications: Distal femoral osteotomy is indicated in the setting of obligate flexion dislocation where femoral valgus contributes to a shortened lateral column, with concurrent quadriceps procedures considered for chronic contracture and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for added stabilization. Technique Description: This procedure is performed in a stepwise manner as some components may not be necessary based on the patient’s specific anatomy. The procedure begins with a lateral iliotibial (IT) band soft tissue release or lengthening if possible. The distal femoral osteotomy is then performed utilizing a lateral opening wedge technique. Bone graft is placed in a structural fashion to maintain the correction while a locking plate is inserted. In patients with chronic lateral patellar dislocation, correction of bony alignment may not completely restore tracking. If lateral maltracking persists after further distal soft tissue release, a VY-lengthening quadricepsplasty can be considered. To perform this, the vastus lateralis (VL) is first released. In this patient, the patella was able to be stabilized centrally after VL release, and therefore, the VY-plasty was not performed. The soft tissue attachments for the final MPFL reconstruction are then prepared, including two at the superomedial and midbody of the patella and one at the adductor tendon. The whip-stitched graft is then passed through the adductor sling followed by the patellar periosteal tunnels with the knee in slight flexion to ensure centralization within the trochlear groove. Examination under anesthesia before final fixation of the reconstruction should demonstrate 1A lateral translation. Results: Correction of distal femoral valgus with osteotomy, in isolation or in combination with other patellar stabilizing procedures, has demonstrated significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes and reduced redislocation rates. However, large cohort studies are limited. Discussion/Conclusion: Both osseous and soft tissue abnormalities are important to consider in since they can contribute in varying degrees to patellar maltracking. Therefore, assessment of patellar tracking should be performed frequently to guide extent of surgical correction necessary.
SAKK 35/15: a phase 1 trial of obinutuzumab in combination with venetoclax in patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma
Authors: Stathis Anastasios , Mey Ulrich , Schär Sämi , Hitz Felicitas , Pott Christiane , Mach Nicolas , Krasniqi Fatime , Novak Urban , Schmidt Christian , Hohloch Karin , Kienle Dirk Lars , Hess Dagmar , Moccia Alden A. , Unterhalt Michael , Eckhardt Katrin , Hayoz Stefanie , Forestieri Gabriela , Rossi Davide , Dirnhofer Stefan , Ceriani Luca , Sartori Giulio , Bertoni Francesco , Buske Christian , Zucca Emanuele , Hiddemann Wolfgang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This phase 1 study evaluated safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of obinutuzumab in combination with venetoclax in patients with previously untreated grade 1-3a follicular lymphoma in need of systemic therapy. Two DLs of venetoclax were evaluated with an expansion cohort at the recommended phase 2 dose. Twenty-five patients were enrolled. The recommended phase 2 dose was venetoclax 800 mg OD continuously for 6 cycles starting on day 2 of cycle 1, with obinutuzumab 1000 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of cycles 2 to 6, followed by obinutuzumab maintenance every 2 months for 2 years. Only 1 patient had a DLT consisting of grade 4 thrombocytopenia after the first obinutuzumab infusion. Neutropenia was the most common adverse event of grade ≥3 at least possibly attributed to study treatment. Twenty-four patients were evaluable for response after cycle 6 by computed tomography (CT) and 19 by positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT): overall and complete response rates were 87.5% (95% CI, 67.6% to 97.3%) and 25% (95% CI, 9.8% to 46.7%) in the CT-evaluated patients and 84.2% (95% CI, 60.4% to 96.6%) and 68.4% (95% CI, 43.4% to 87.4%), respectively, in the PET/CT-evaluated patients. One-year progression-free survival was 77.8% (95% CI, 54.6% to 90.1%) and 79% (95% CI, 47.9% to 92.7%) for CT and PET/CT-evaluable patients, respectively, whereas progression-free survival at 30 months was 73.2% (95% CI, 49.8%, 87.0%) as assessed by CT and 79.0% (95% CI, 47.9%, 92.7%) by PET/CT. Despite the activity observed, our results do not support further development of the combination in this patient population. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02877550.
Transferrin predicts trimethylamine-N-oxide levels and is a potential biomarker of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bean Lamuel D. , Wing Jeffrey J. , Harris Randall E. , Smart Suzanne M. , Raman Subha V. , Milks M. Wesley 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a circulating biomarker associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Production of TMAO is facilitated by gut microbiota and dependent on micronutrients such as choline, betaine, and L-carnitine, present in foods such as red meat and eggs.

Hypothesis
We sought to predict serum TMAO quartile levels among healthy individuals at increased risk of CVD using clinical data via an ordinal logistic model.

Methods
Data from participants (n = 127) enrolled in a longitudinal observational study on CVD were used to build a predictive model for TMAO using ordinal logistic regression with demographic variables and 40 other variables considered related to CVD risk. First, univariate models for each covariate were tested (with serum TMAO quartiles as the dependent variable), and only variables with P < 0.30 were evaluated further. Second, demographic variables (age, gender, white vs. non-white race) were included in a multivariable model with each previously identified independent variable controlling for potential confounding. Last, the final model included fixed demographics and candidates from the confounder-adjusted model with P < 0.10.

Results
Eight candidate variables were included in the final model, with only transferrin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and race (white vs. non-white) showing significant associations with TMAO. Participants had 0.16 (Q2), 0.31 (Q3), and 0.20 (Q4) odds of being in a higher TMAO quartile compared with participants in the lowest transferrin quartile. Non-white participants had 2.92 times higher odds of being in the highest TMAO quartile compared to white individuals. Participants in the second quartile of HDL-C had 2.68 times higher odds of being in a higher TMAO quartile compared with participants in the lowest HDL-C quartile.

Conclusions
Transferrin demonstrated a significant predictive association with TMAO and may represent a novel potential biomarker of increased CVD risk worthy of further study. These results warrant further examination of iron, metabolism, homeostasis, and gut microbiome to better understand and mitigate known increased CVD risk.
The association between glycosylated haemoglobin and newly diagnosed hypertension in a non-diabetic Sudanese population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Omar Saeed M. , Musa Imad R. , Abdelbagi Omer , Sharif Manal E. , Adam Ishag 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is considered reliable for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus (DM). It also indicates cardiovascular complications related to DM. However, only a few studies have been conducted on this topic.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between newly diagnosed hypertension and HbA1c among non-diabetic Sudanese adults. The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants in the sample were gathered using a questionnaire, and HbA1c was measured using an Ichroma machine.

Results
Three hundred and eighty-four healthy participants were enrolled in this study. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 56.0 (14.0) years, and 72.1% of the participants were female. The median (IQR) body mass index (BMI) was 31.2 (8.7) kg/m2. One hundred and fifteen (29.9%) participants presented newly diagnosed hypertension. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that age (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01‒1.05); BMI (AOR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.05‒1.14); HbA1c levels (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.29‒3.67) was positively associated with newly diagnosed hypertension. For an HbA1c level of 5.0% or more, the sensitivity and specificity of newly diagnosed hypertension were 91.3% and 28.2%, respectively (area under the curve = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.55–0.67; P ˂ 0.001). Participants who presented HbA1c levels of 5.0% or more were found to be at higher risk for newly diagnosed hypertension (AOR = 2.53; 95% CI = 1.14‒5.61).

Conclusion
The results of this study indicated a high prevalence of newly diagnosed hypertension, and HbA1c levels were positively associated with newly diagnosed hypertension.
Application of coagulation parameters at the time of necrotizing enterocolitis diagnosis in surgical intervention and prognosis
Authors: Feng Wei , Hou Jinping , Die Xiaohong , Sun Jing , Guo Zhenhua , Liu Wei , Wang Yi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeIt has been shown that abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis system are involved in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but not well studied challenge in the context of early detection of disease progression. The present study mainly explores the predictive significance of coagulation parameters at the time of NEC diagnosis in identifying the patients who eventually received surgery and/or NEC-related deaths.MethodsThe retrospective study of 114 neonates with NEC was conducted with assessments of demographic data, laboratory results at the time of NEC diagnosis, treatment methods and prognosis. According to treatment methods, patients were divided into surgical intervention group and medical treatment group. Predictive factors were put forward and determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. An analysis of the surgical intervention and prognosis was performed.ResultsOf 114 patients, 46 (40.4%) cases received surgical intervention and 14 (12.3%) deaths. prothrombin time (PT), PT international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen and platelet count at the time of NEC diagnosis were independently associated with surgical NEC. The APTT could identify patients at high risk for surgical NEC, with 67.39% sensitivity, 86.76% specificity, better than that of other serological parameters. Coagulopathy was found in 38.6% of all patients. For surgical intervention, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of coagulopathy was 0.869 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.794 ~ 0.944,P < 0.001), with 82.61% sensitivity and 91.18% specificity, outperformed APTT (95% CI: 0.236 ~ 0.173,P = 0.001). Furthermore, the AUC for coagulopathy to predict mortality was 0.809 (95% CI: 0.725 ~ 0.877,P < 0.001), with 92.86% sensitivity and 69.0% specificity.ConclusionCoagulation parameters at the time of NEC diagnosis were conducive to early prediction of surgical NEC and -related deaths, which should be closely monitored in neonates at high risk of NEC and validated as a clinical decision-making tool.