bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Patients with Essential Tremor
Authors: Yaşar Hasan , Büyüklü Mutlu 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Essential tremor is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary shaking. The aim of this study was to examine cardiac autonomic functions in patients diagnosed with essential tremor, as previous studies have differed in their findings regarding whether cardiac autonomic functions are affected in essential tremor patients.
Patients and Methods: The study included 32 patients diagnosed with essential tremor and 26 individuals without any diseases as the control group. Consensus criteria were used for the diagnosis of essential tremor. A clinical rating scale was utilized to measure the characteristics and degree of essential tremor. Based on this scale, patients were classified as having a mild, moderate, marked, or severe disability. An exercise treadmill test was performed in both the tremor and control groups. Chronotropic index values were used to evaluate the sympathetic system, and resting heart rate index values were calculated to evaluate the parasympathetic system. Heart rate recovery values were calculated at one, two, three, four, and five minutes after the exercise treadmill test.
Results: The descriptive characteristics of the tremor and control groups were similar. The Chronotropic index values were statistically different between the tremor and control groups, as they were significantly decreased in the tremor group. This was evaluated as sympathetic incompetence. The resting heart rate index values did not differ significantly between the tremor and control groups at minutes one or two, but they were significantly higher in the tremor group at minutes three, four, and five. The parasympathetic activity was found to be insufficient in the later period.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that cardiac autonomic functions may be affected in patients with essential tremor.
The Clinical Course of Infective Endocarditis and Independent Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality
Authors: Çakır Hakan , Uysal Samet , Karagöz Ali , Toprak Cüneyt , Öcal Lütfi , Emiroğlu Mehmet Yunus , Kaymaz Cihangir 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Despite advances in prevention, medical, and surgical treatment, the global prevalence of infective endocarditis (IE) has been gradually rising over the last two decades. However, the profile of IE varies by continent, geographic region, and hospital type. In this study, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of IE and to determine the factors predicting in-hospital mortality.
Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at a single tertiary health care hospital in Türkiye. A total of 104 consecutive patients (>18 years old) who were hospitalized with IE between January 2016 and August 2021 were included. Modified Duke criteria were used to diagnose IE. Demographic information (age and gender), underlying heart diseases, comorbidities, causative microorganisms, blood culture results, echocardiographic findings, cardiac and extracardiac complications, surgical requirements, and in-hospital mortality were all examined.
Results: The study included 104 IE cases (mean age: 57.2 ± 15.9 years; 59.6% males). Fifty-six patients (53.9%) had native valve IE, 37 patients (35.6%) had prosthetic valve IE, and four patients (3.8%) had devicerelated IE. Blood cultures were negative in 62 cases (59.6%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common responsible microorganism in 17 patients [methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in 13 (12.5%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus in four (3.8%)]. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 30.8%. White blood cell count (OR= 1.002, 95% CI= 1.001-1.003) creatinine (OR= 1.45, 95% CI= 1.08-2.00), acute renal failure (OR= 8.60, 95% CI= 2.27-37.81), and cerebrovascular accidents (OR= 4.58, 95% CI= 1.21-18.85) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion: In line with developed countries, the epidemiology and causative pathogens of IE in Türkiye have been changing. Investigating these epidemiological and clinical changes may serve as a basis for strategies to be developed for the prevention and treatment of IE.
The Correlation Between Right Ventricular Function and Dominance of Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Özkan Eyüp , Baktır Ahmet Oğuz , Demirci Erkan , Odabaş Hüseyin , Tok Ahmet , Dondurmacı Engin , Uğurlu Mehmet 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The right heart is more unknown than the left heart, because of less research. With it, its importance is understood, when right heart related diseases are considered. The relation between coronary vascularity and cardiac function is indisputable. There are no research about the effect of coronary dominance, that is anatomical variation merely, upon cardiac function. We investigated difference of right or left domination on right ventricle functions using echocardiography.
Patients and Methods: Working group was contained patients who is done coronary angiography with any indication. Patients were categorized right dominant and non-dominant on coronary angiography. At the same time, the origin of posterior descending artery was determined. There were 2 groups and each of them had 40 patients. Patients who had >50% stenosis on coronary arteries, myocardial infarct previously, cardiac valve disease, chronic obstructive lung disease and pulmoner embolism in past were excluded. Right ventricle functions were investigated using Echocardiography by the same operator. The results were evaluated and calculated average value by two different operators. We used Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U Test in evaluation of statistics.
Results: There was no difference between groups in terms of the right ventricular functions; TAPSE (26.47 ± 3.39 vs 25.31 ± 5.19 p= 0.096), FAC (43.19 ± 9.18 vs 47.5 ± 10.7 p= 0.720), GLS by STE (20.55 ± 4.033 vs 19.73 ± 4.71 p= 0.451), RIMP (53.84 ± 11.2 vs 52.93 ± 9.01 p= 0.947).
Conclusion: The effect of right coronary artery dominance on right ventricle functions was not obtained significant.
Introduction: The Cultures Of Global Post/Socialisms
Authors: Sadowski-Smith Claudia , Luca Ioana 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The introduction to this special issue outlines comparative approaches to cultural representations of post/socialism in order to move beyond the term’s association with the Soviet Union, the unevenly aligned or nonaligned nations in Central/Eastern Europe (CEE), and the period between 1917 and 1990. The histories and afterlives of state socialisms, and socialist globalization in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas, are at the center of ongoing geopolitical realignments toward a multipolar world. The introduction explores the framing of these shifts as a “new Cold War” between the West and the nations of China and Russia, whose autocratic regimes are associated with remnants of totalitarian state socialism. Like the official rhetoric of many postsocialist nations, these discourses dismiss the far more diverse and progressive legacies of socialism. The introduction inserts cultural representations of Left Internationalism, the Non-Aligned Movement, socialist reformism, and committed art into the fields of comparative literature and media studies to contribute to theories of ongoing transformations and to provide alternative imaginaries for more equitable futures.
The Return of Marxist Discourse to Russian-American Fiction: Keith Gessen’s Novel A Terrible Country
Authors: Wanner Adrian 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
While most of the immigrants who came to the United States from the former Soviet Union have become conservative Republicans, the generation of so-called Russian-American writers has rejected the right-wing politics of their parents in favor of a more liberal position. However, few of these authors go as far as embracing “communism” or Soviet-style state socialism. An interesting exception to this rule is the writer and journalist Keith Gessen. Unlike the Russian liberals, who criticize the Putin regime as a relapse into Soviet-style totalitarianism, Gessen interprets Putinism as a symptomatic manifestation of global neoliberalism. Gessen’s 2018 novel A Terrible Country traces the protagonist’s (and Gessen’s own) political evolution from liberalism to neo-Marxism. The book also contains a fictional portrait of the prominent Russian poet and Marxist activist Kirill Medvedev. This article discusses Gessen’s portrayal of contemporary Russian society in the context of neo-Marxist theory. As it argues, even though the plot of the novel is situated in 2008, Gessen presents an indictment of the regimes of Putin and Trump by using his own bicultural Russian-American identity as a springboard for politically engaged fiction.
The Relationship Between Stress Level and Sleep Quality of Nurses in Jakarta During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sutanti Yosephin Sri , Handoko Yusuf , Nabilah Alya Silva , Evan  
Published: August 2022

Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is an infectious disease known as a severe acute respiratory syndrome. The first case of Covid-19 was identified in Wuhan, China on December 31, 2019. Health workers around the world are at the forefront of handling the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the health workers who is very important in handling COVID-19 cases is a nurse. The considerable increase of Covid-19 cases makes nurses have a heavier workload, struggle, and reduced rest periods. Heavy workloads and reduced rest periods can generally increase fatigue and affect sleep quality and stress levels which negatively impact work balance. This study's objective was to determine whether there was a relationship between the stress level and the quality of sleep of nurses in Jakarta during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used 75 samples of nurses who were actively working during the Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta, female, and aged 20-40 years. The sampling technique was snowball sampling. Data collection was through a questionnaire distributed via a Google form. The questionnaire included questions about the characteristics of the respondents, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study showed that there was a relationship between stress levels and the sleep quality of nurses in Jakarta during the Covid-19 pandemic.
role of yoga philosophy in human excellence
Authors: Prabhu P. , Manivannan K. 
Published: August 2022

The art and science of yoga is dedicated to creating union between body, mind and soul. Its objective is to assist the practitioner in using the breath and body to foster an awareness of ourselves as individualized beings intimately connected to the unified whole of creation. In short it is about creating balance and equanimity so as to live in peace, good health and harmony with the greater whole. This art of right living was perfected and practiced in India thousands of years ago and the foundations of yoga philosophy were written down in the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, approximately 200 AD. This sacred text describes the inner workings of the mind and provides a blueprint for controlling its restlessness so as to enjoy lasting peace. Yoga is now practiced by millions across the globe. This is great for humanity, however a lot of yoga that is being practiced today is merely just asana & some amounts of pranayama. Even asana has been diluted to a mere form of exercise and often teamed with other things (like heat, chocolate, music, weights etc...) that are completely external to classical yoga. Very few practitioners go beyond asana.
Representation of disability and childhood trauma in what happened to you and a helping hand
Authors: Praveen Gowri , Sulthan M. S. Sarangi , Mol Krishnaja K. 
Published: August 2022

Children with disabilities are more prone to be traumatized, especially when they happen to recall painful experiences from their pasts that might have proximities to their impairments. Authentic representation of disability is lacking in literature targeting children and young adults.Authors with disabilities have to undergo many hindrances for publishing their literary works. The study aims to critically analyze the two texts by comparing the representation of characters with disabilities by disabled, and non-disabled writers. The study shows that there is misrepresentation in characterisation and use of language in the narrative by a non-disabled author. Diversity in children’s literature is given the required justice only when readers, both disabled and non-disabled are able to see and relate themselves in the books that they read. It is important to educate young readers to socialize with disabled people, and to create awareness regarding the suppressed psyche of people with disabilities and to let their voices be heard.
Status of circulatory level of secreted frizzled related protein 4 in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Yadav Sushil , Singh Vinod Kumar , Kumar Pradeep , Sharma Preeti 
Published: August 2022

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a set of metabolic disorders and is considered as a predictor of cardiovascular risks. The expression of several specific genes and the related protein products also show their significance in pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome. Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 4 is a product of expression of SFRP4 genes. SFRP4 has been linked with inflammatory responses quite similar to the responses as in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis. Aim: The current study aimed to assess the circulatory level of Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 4 among metabolic syndrome individuals. Method: Estimation of SFRP4 was done by ELISA technique by using Human SFRP4 ELISA kit (Make- Bioassay Technology Laboratory, Cat no- E2327Hu, Zeijhang, China). Results: Mean concentration of serum SFRP4 in Metabolic Syndrome subjects (2.06 ± 1.39 ng/ml) was significantly higher than the mean concentration of healthy controls (1.28 ± 1.29 ng/ml) (p< 0.05 *). Conclusion: A significant correlation of serum SFRP4 level with Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c seen in the findings of this study puts on an extra contribution to consider this protein as a potential Biomarker for Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
Analysis of gestational trophoblastic disease in Baghdad Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kadhim Hanan Jawad , Aleessa Raghad Abdul-Haleem 
Published: August 2022

Background: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are important and interesting part of gynecological oncology. Women diagnosed with GTD should be counseled that about 8% become malignant and GTN is a significant cause of morbidity, fertility loss and unfortunately mortality in young women. All form of GTD produce B- hCG and monitoring this hormone is a precise biomarker for screening, diagnosis, therapeutic response and follow up of patients. Objectives: To analyze and determine the types, complications, management and outcomes of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and those with irregular follow-up in Baghdad Teaching Hospital through an observational descriptive based approach. Study design: Observational descriptive study. Setting: Department of Maternity, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Patients and methods: During the period from January 2013 to January 2014, (60) patients admitted to our hospital were diagnosed and registered to have GTD on the basis of histopathological report, were enrolled in this study.
A Plea for More Skepticism Toward Fluid Inclusions: Part I. Postentrapment Changes in Fluid Density and Fluid Salinity Are Very Common
Authors: Zhang Daohan , Audétat Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This contribution focuses on fluid inclusions in quartz, which is the most commonly investigated host mineral for fluid inclusions. We demonstrate based on petrographic relationships, cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and microthermometric data that postentrapment migration and/or dismemberment of fluid inclusions in quartz is a very common phenomenon that leads to major changes in the recorded fluid properties. The phenomenon is not restricted to samples that experienced shear stress but is common also in freely grown, euhedral quartz crystals that grew within open-space veins and miarolitic cavities. Generally, both migration and dismemberment lead to substantial increases in fluid density and, thus, in decreased fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures by up to several hundred degrees Celsius. Fluid salinities were commonly less affected, although some high-temperature brine inclusions record salinity increases by up to 30% relative.
A good fluid inclusion preservation state is indicated (but not proven) if the inclusions occur on well-defined trails or growth zones, show constant phase proportions, and provide tightly clustered microthermometric data. In contrast, well-developed negative crystal shapes cannot be taken as evidence for a good preservation state. Randomly distributed, regular-shaped fluid inclusions in high-temperature (&gt;300°C) quartz samples are in most cases not of primary origin but rather represent migrated pseudosecondary fluid inclusions. Evidence for fluid inclusion migration and dismemberment includes the occurrence of tiny solid inclusions (mostly mica and rutile) within the host quartz, scattered microthermometric data, and the presence of irregular or c-axis-parallel, dully to nonluminescent quartz patches that depart from healed fracture planes visible in cathodoluminescence images. In summary, pressure-temperature information obtained from fluid inclusions should generally be treated with great caution, unless they meet the above-mentioned criteria for good inclusion preservation.
A Plea for More Skepticism Toward Fluid Inclusions: Part II. Homogenization via Halite Dissolution in Brine Inclusions from Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems Is Commonly the Result of Postentrapment Modifications
Authors: Audétat Andreas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuartz-hosted brine inclusions that homogenize via halite dissolution occur in many magmatic-hydrothermal systems. In many cases their calculated minimum entrapment pressures are geologically unrealistically high, which has been interpreted to reflect accidental entrapment of halite crystals, and hence, to indicate halite saturation. Here it is demonstrated based on microthermometric trends and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analyses of fluid inclusion assemblages from eight different ore deposits that the phenomenon of inclusion homogenization via halite dissolution is commonly caused by postentrapment changes in fluid inclusion volume rather than by cotrapping of halite. Many of the investigated assemblages show highly variable liquid-vapor homogenization temperatures at relatively constant fluid salinity—a trend that cannot be produced by cotrapping of halite or by cotrapping of vapor. Furthermore, in those assemblages that do display variable fluid salinities, the elemental Cl/X concentration ratios (where X denotes any element other than Na) do not increase with increasing fluid salinity. The observed microthermometric and compositional trends are best explained by variable extents of postentrapment reduction in inclusion volume, which increased fluid density and in some cases was accompanied by H2O loss and migration of the inclusions within the host quartz. The fact that such trends can be observed even in seemingly well preserved fluid inclusion assemblages suggests that postentrapment modifications in fluid inclusion volume and H2O contents may be widespread and thus that temperature and pressure estimates from quartz-hosted fluid inclusions should generally be treated with caution. This is particularly true for samples that may have experienced deformation, such as massive quartz veins and rock-forming quartz.
Evaluation and Suggestions of commercial spaces for Covid-19 prevention in Edinburgh, UK
Authors: Zhang Yifan 
Published: August 2022

The global outbreak of COVID-19 poses a severe threat to various frontiers of life, which has attracted the wide attention of the government and the people to the epidemic disease. Various industries, therefore, have formulated epidemic prevention measures. The city’s public spaces are the main areas of close contact with people, which is the difficulty and critical point of epidemic prevention, especially in ancient cities with dense buildings. This article takes the city of Edinburgh in the UK as an example to explore the current situation and spatial problems of public space in residential areas along the street in the post-epidemic era by questionnaire survey. Meanwhile, this study also discusses and proposes measures to optimize the spatial contradictions of commercial spaces on the ground floor affected by the epidemic. Results show that commercial spaces on the ground floor are urban spaces with a highly dense crowd, high-risk disease diffusion, and relatively inferior control capability during the epidemic. Many ancient buildings in Edinburgh that have been preserved for hundreds of years also have some drawbacks such as narrow interior space and poor ventilation conditions, exacerbating the spread of the epidemic. By contrast, green space is more conducive to epidemic prevention and control. Combined with the advantages of green space, it is suggested to introduce green plants and improve ventilation of commercial spaces to reduce the spread of the epidemic, such as green plants separating spaces and ventilation filtering air.
Emerging Vaccine Immunotherapy In NSCLC: The Adverse Reactions of Recent Clinical Trials and Future Directions
Authors: Yang Yuhao , Zeng Jingyi , Zhao Ruijia 
Published: August 2022

Lung cancer is the most common primary malignant tumour of the lung today and can be classified into two types, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), depending on their histopathological characteristics. The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are currently extremely high and, on the rise, worldwide. However, normal scientific methods are not sufficient enough to cure lung cancer, but only to monitor the spread of cancer cells and inhibit them to a certain extent, so it is urgent to find effective treatments for lung cancer. This article focuses on the mechanisms of cancer vaccines for non-small cell lung cancer and a review of recent vaccine immunotherapy for lung cancer. This article also discusses some clinical adverse reactions, in order to provide a reference for vaccine immunotherapy in the future.
An Application of Generalized Linear Models to Fine Needle Aspiration in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zeng Chudi 
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer is currently the most dangerous cancer for women worldwide. Doctors routinely employ biopsies, diagnostic mammograms, and other techniques to detect and diagnose breast cancer. The Fine Needle Aspiration, also referred to as fine needle biopsy, is a technique for assessing tumors that involves inserting a needle into a mass to retrieve alive cells. However, the current breast biopsy test is time-consuming and unable to detect early breast cancer. Applying the statistical tools to fine-needle aspiration is helpful in developing its feasibility and reducing test time, thereby reducing the cost of service as well as waiting time. In this study, the diagnostic model was fitted with a generalized linear model as the framework and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression as the essential methods. Amongst cellular level features, which are variables in the model, some features were identified that play an essential role in the models, including texture, smoothness, concave points, and fractal dimension. The high accuracy (>0.9) obtained from the model in data testing supported that Generalized-Linear-Models-based machine prediction can effectively assist physicians in their clinical diagnosis. In addition, essential features in the model could be considered to have some association with the hidden lesion of breast cancer.