bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional 4D‐Printed Sperm‐Hybrid Microcarriers for Assisted Reproduction
Authors: Rajabasadi Fatemeh , Moreno Silvia , Fichna Kristin , Aziz Azaam , Appelhans Dietmar , Schmidt Oliver G. , Medina‐Sánchez Mariana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRemotely controllable microrobots are appealing for various biomedical in vivo applications. In particular, in recent years, our group has focused on developing sperm‐microcarriers to assist sperm cells with motion deficiencies or low sperm count (two of the most prominent male infertility problems) to reach the oocyte toward in‐vivo‐assisted fertilization. Different sperm carriers, considering their motion in realistic media and confined environments, have been optimized. However, the already‐reported sperm carriers have been mainly designed to transport single sperm cell, with limited functionality. Thus, to take a step forward, here, the development of a 4D‐printed multifunctional microcarrier containing soft and smart materials is reported. These microcarriers can not only transport and deliver multiple motile sperm cells, but also release heparin and mediate local enzymatic reactions by hyaluronidase‐loaded polymersomes (HYAL‐Psomes). These multifunctional facets enable in situ sperm capacitation/hyperactivation, and the local degradation of the cumulus complex that surrounds the oocyte, both to facilitate the sperm–oocyte interaction for the ultimate goal of in vivo assisted fertilization.
Dielectric Polymer with Designable Large Motion under Low Electric Field
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Jin Binjie , Cao Xunuo , Chen Zheqi , Miao Wusha , Yang Xuxu , Luo Yingwu , Li Tiefeng , Xie Tao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDielectric elastomers (DEs) can demonstrate fast and large in‐plane expansion/contraction due to electric field (e‐field)‐induced Maxwell stress. For robotic applications, it is often necessary that the in‐plane actuation is converted into out‐of‐plane motions with mechanical frames. Despite their performance appeal, their high driving e‐field (20–100 V µm−1) demands bulky power accessories and severely compromises their durability. Here, a dielectric polymer that can be programmed into diverse motions actuated under a low e‐field (2–10 V µm−1) is reported. The material is a crystalline dynamic covalent network that can be reconfigured into arbitrary 3D geometries. This gives rise to a geometric effect that markedly amplifies the actuation, leading to designable large motions when the dielectric polymer is heated above its melting temperature to become a DE. Additionally, the crystallization transition enables dynamic multimodal motions and active deployability. These attributes result in unique design versatility for soft robots.
Over 200 °C Broad‐Temperature Lasers Reconstructed from a Blue‐Phase Polymer Scaffold
Authors: Chen Yujie , Zheng Chenglin , Yang Wenjie , Li Jing , Jin Feng , Li Xiuhong , Wang Jingxia , Jiang Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBlue‐phase liquid crystal (BPLC) lasers have received extensive attention and have potential applications in sensors, displays, and anti‐counterfeiting, owing to their unique 3D photonic bandgap. However, the working temperature range of such BPLC lasers is insufficient, and investigations are required to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Herein, a broad‐temperature reconstructed laser is successfully achieved in dye‐doped polymer‐stabilized blue‐phase liquid crystals (DD‐PSBPLCs) with an unprecedented working temperature range of 25–230 °C based on a robust polymer scaffold, which combines the thermal stability and the tunability from the system. The broad‐temperature lasing stems from the high thermal stability of the robust polymerized system used, which affords enough reflected and matched fluorescence signals. The temperature‐tunable lasing behavior of the DD‐PSBPLCs is associated with the phase transition of the unpolymerized content (≈60 wt%) in the system, which endows with a reconstructed characteristic of BP lasers including a U‐shaped lasing threshold, a reversible lasing wavelength, and an obvious lasing enhancement at about 70 °C. This work not only provides a new idea for the design of broad‐temperature BPLC lasers, but also sets out important insight in innovative microstructure changes for novel multifunctional organic optic devices.
Conformal LiF Stabilized Interfaces via Electrochemical Fluorination on High Voltage Spinel Cathodes (≈4.9 V) for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Thapaliya Bishnu P. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Meyer Harry M. , Sun Xiao‐Guang , Bridges Craig A. , Dai Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) spinel is one of the promising cathodes for the lithium‐ion batteries due to its high energy densities, good rate performance. However, its high operating potential (≈4.75 V) causes extensive oxidation of conventional carbonate electrolytes, resulting an unstable and thick cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer with a large irreversible capacity and low coulombic efficiency. Herein, this work reports the formation of thin LiF stabilized interfaces on LNMO via electrochemical fluorination that significantly improves the cycling stability and enhanced the capacity. An electrochemically induced conformal LiF layer acts as a part of a robust CEI by reducing the leakage of electrons and allowing the conduction of Li ions through it. Because of the robust LiF stabilized CEI, LNMO delivers a discharge capacity of ≈148.5 and ≈117.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 1 C rate, respectively. It exhibits excellent cyclability with 80% capacity retention (CR) after 600 cycles in lithium‐half cell and ≈90% CR after 200 cycles in full cell with only 0.03% and 0.05% capacity decay per cycle in conventional carbonate electrolytes without additives. Such an excellent electrochemical performance could lead to the potential development of high energy density batteries with high voltage cathodes for grid‐based applications.
Submicrometer‐Channel Organic Transistors with MHz Operation Range on Flexible Substrates by a Low‐Resolution Fabrication Technique
Authors: Spanu Andrea , Losi Tommaso , Mascia Antonello , Bonfiglio Annalisa , Caironi Mario , Cosseddu Piero 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the development of a simple and reproducible approach for the fabrication of n‐type organic field‐effect transistors with a 350 nm‐long channel on flexible substrates is reported. The critical feature of the device, the channel length, is obtained using a self‐alignment process that exploits the vertical step of a plasma‐etched thin Parylene C layer, according to the so‐called step‐edge architecture. The fabricated devices can operate in continuous mode and show an average and maximum transition frequency of 2.5 MHz and 5.5 MHz, respectively. The possibility of easily obtaining high‐performing, short channel organic transistors on flexible substrates, without the use of expensive and high‐resolution techniques, represents an interesting step toward the miniaturization of flexible circuits in the field of large‐area organic electronics.
High‐Performance Se‐Based Photoelectrochemical Photodetectors Via in Situ Grown Microrod Arrays
Authors: Wang Yunxia , Zhang Aoqi , Shao Zhitao , Yu Huan , Xu Yi , Liu Xin , Cui Mengqi , Gao Feng , Hu PingAn , Feng Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSelenium (Se) is a p‐type semiconductor with a narrow bandgap, that holds great potential for application in the field of photodetectors because of its good optical properties. However, the photodetection performance of Se‐based photoelectrochemical photodetectors (PEC PDs) fabricated by the drop‐casting (DC) method is still far below the expected value. In this work, in situ grown t‐Se microrod array films (IS‐Se MAFs) are prepared on fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) by a simple electrodeposition method at 353 K. PEC PDs consisting of IS‐Se MAFs as photocathodes show excellent self‐powered photodetection capability with a high responsivity of 10.38 mA W−1, which is a 358‐fold increase over that of DC‐Se PEC PDs. The boosted photoresponse originates from the synergistic effect of the larger electrochemically active surface area and stronger light absorption of IS‐Se MAFs. Moreover, IS‐Se MAFs PEC PDs have a broadband photoresponse ranging from ultraviolet to near‐infrared, fast response speed, good multicycle, and long‐term stability. All the merits confirm the promising application of IS‐Se MAFs in high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Bio‐Inspired Coordination‐Assembled Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery of Tumor Chemotherapeutics
Authors: Lu Ruojing , Shi Xiubo , Pan Yao , Li Jinheng , Liu Zhiwei , Xiao Qian , Wang Xuejiao , Chen Jianping , Zhang Xingmei , Meng Jingxin , Zhao Wei , Wang Ying , Fan Jun‐Bing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOwing to low drug delivery efficiency (<1%), nanoparticle‐based drug delivery system remains great challenge for efficient tumor chemotherapeutics. In this study, bioinspired coordination‐assembled nanoparticles (CuET@HR‐Pro) are fabricated by programming the assembly of three types of functional biomolecules (heparin, cRGD, and protamine) and the anti‐cancer drug (CuET). The nanoparticles enhanced the drug delivery efficiency of an intravenous injective dose to up to 6.9%, and thereby significantly improving the anti‐tumor efficacy of the drug. The CuET@HR‐Pro is fabricated by patching coordination‐assembled CuET@heparin‐cRGD (CuET@HR) nanoparticles onto the surface of protamine (Pro) nanoparticles in 10% fetal bovine serum. The enhanced drug delivery capacity of the obtained CuET@HR‐Pro nanoparticles is due to their improved stability (anti‐complement activation, anti‐protein adhesion), targeting capacity, and cell penetration ability. As expected, CuET@HR‐Pro exhibited a superior inhibitory effect on orthotopic ovarian cancer in nude mice. The proposed strategy provides an alternative for achieving highly efficient drug delivery and tumor therapy.
Advances in Bioinspired Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Mayer Mylan , Xiao Xiao , Yin Junyi , Chen Guorui , Xu Jing , Chen Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have quickly become one of the most popular mechanisms for harvesting ambient mechanical energy due to their simple design, facile construction, abundance of material choices, and cost‐effectiveness. Over the past decade, TENG research has been heavily focused on methods of construction that improve output or function in specific applications. Recently many researchers have looked to the design of the world around them to create more advanced TENGs, investigating the unique qualities that organisms use to survive and thrive in their environments. These bioinspired TENGs are often more efficient, more environmentally friendly, or possess more capabilities than their standard TENG counterparts. Herein, this paper provides a review of recent advances in TENGs that utilize inspiration or novel materials from nature for use in biomonitoring, artificial intelligence texture detection, wind energy harvesting, blue energy harvesting and other applications. The unique qualities of these TENGs include sweat‐resistance, biodegradability, increased output parameters, and more. This review is organized into plant‐inspired, animal‐inspired, human‐inspired, and other bioinspired TENGs. Each study's source of inspiration, the problems they sought to address, and the output parameters of the device are discussed, followed by a discussion of current challenges and promising future directions for field advancement.
Regulating Dynamic Electrochemical Interface of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Spinel Cathode for Realizing Simultaneous Mn and Ni Redox in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Lim Gukhyun , Shin Dongki , Chae Keun Hwa , Cho Min Kyung , Kim Chan , Sohn Seok Su , Lee Minah , Hong Jihyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe exploding electric‐vehicle market requires cost‐effective high‐energy materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. The manganese‐rich spinel oxide LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) can store a capacity greater than 200 mAh g−1 based on the multi‐cation (Ni2+/Ni4+ and Mn3+/Mn4+) redox centers. However, its practical capacity is limited to Ni2+/Ni4+ redox (135 mAh g−1) due to the poor reversibility of Mn3+/Mn4+ redox. This instability is generally attributed to the Jahn–Teller distortion of Mn3+ and its disproportionation, which leads to severe Mn dissolution. Herein, for the first time, the excellent reversibility of Mn3+/Mn4+ redox within 2.3–4.3 V is demonstrated, requiring revisiting the previous theory. LNMO loses capacity only within a wide voltage range of 2.3–4.9 V. It is revealed that a dynamic evolution of the electrochemical interface, for example, potential‐driven rocksalt phase formation and decomposition, repeatedly occurs during cycling. The interfacial evolution induces electrolyte degradation and surface passivation, impeding the charge‐transfer reactions. It is further demonstrated that stabilizing the interface by electrolyte modification extends the cycle life of LNMO while using the multi‐cation redox, enabling 71.5% capacity retention of LNMO after 500 cycles. The unveiled dynamic oxide interface will propose a new guideline for developing Mn‐rich cathodes by realizing the reversible Mn redox.
Preparation of low‐density high‐performance porous aramid films using porosity promoter polymers
Authors: Rubio‐Aguinaga Andrea , Reglero‐Ruiz José Antonio , Muñoz Asunción , García Félix C. , García José M. , Trigo‐López Miriam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLow‐density porous aramid films using inexpensive and widely available polymers as porosity promoters, that is, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PEOx), and cellulose polyacetate (CA) were fabricated. Porous poly (m‐phenylene isophthalamide) films were obtained by the standard casting procedure using mixtures of the aramid with either PVA, PEOx, or CA, followed by the removal of the porosity promoter polymers by immersing them in water or acetone. As a result, films with up to a 65% density reduction with pore sizes ranging from 0.02 to 10 μm and up to 30% increment in Young's modulus were obtained. In addition, the morphology of the films was homogeneous and was controlled by the proportion and nature of the porosity promoter polymer. The density reduction of materials plays a significant role in energy crises and the need for fuel reduction. This study revealed that it is possible to prepare low‐density porous aramid films inexpensively without impairing their outstanding performance by using PVA in the casting procedure as a porosity promoter polymer.
Enhanced flame retardancy of epoxy composites containing melamine polyphosphate‐modified boron nitride
Authors: Shi Xuejun , Wei Baoting , Gao Hang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSurface chemical modification of boron nitride could enhance the compatibility with polymers and improve flame retardancy performances. In this work, the double‐bond active sites were constructed on the surface of boron nitride modified by the γ‐methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH570). Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was further grafted onto the surface of boron nitride via free radical polymerization. Finally, the flame retardancy melamine polyphosphate (MPP) was bonded to the surface of boron nitride by the ring opening reaction. This modification process was proved to be achieved by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric test. The boron nitride modified by flame retardant were added into the epoxy matrix and cured to prepare flame retardant and thermal conductive composites. The flame retardant of the composites was studied by cone calorimetry, UL94 vertical combustion test and limiting oxygen index. The thermal conductivity of the composites was characterized by laser thermal conductivity instrument. The results showed that when the addition amount of flame retardancy MPP modified boron nitride in the composites was 20 wt%, the flame retardant rating of UL94 reached to V1; the limiting oxygen index was increased from 25.1 vol% of pure epoxy resin to 30.3 vol%; the PHRR of pure epoxy resin was reduced from 800 to 510 kW/m2 of composites; the thermal conductivity of the composites was enhanced from 0.21 W/m•K−1 of the pure epoxy resin to 0.82 W/m•K−1of the composites.
Skeletal description of Pelophylax caralitanus (Anura: Ranidae): Comparison with other ranids
Authors: Yildirim Elif , Ilgaz Çetin , Kumlutaş Yusuf , Candan Kamil , Najafimajd Elnaz , Başkale Eyup , Kaya Uğur 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA description of the skeletal development of ranids is scarce despite being well known in the family Ranidae. Herein, the description of several species of two genera representing the family Ranidae from Turkey is studied wherein the larval and adult cranial skeletons of Pelophylax caralitanus are described and compared with that of the water frog (Pelophylax bedriagae) and mountain frog (Rana macrocnemis). The data are based on cleared and double‐stained specimens of 20 Gosner developmental Stages (26–46). The first element to ossify in P. caralitanus is the parasphenoid (Stage 30), followed by the exoccipitals (Stage 34) and prootics (Stage 35). The metamorphic climax commences at Stage 42 during which several modifications to the chondrocranium will unfold. In addition, ranids demonstrate remarkable differences between the water (Pelophylax sp.) and mountain (Rana sp.) frog species: (a) the ventromedial bridge between the corpora of the suprarostral cartilage in the larval upper jaw, (b) the number of processes of the central corpus in the hyobranchial skeleton, and (c) the differences in the ossification time and sequence between Pelophylax sp. and Rana sp. A detailed description of the larval osteological features of P. caralitanus conforms to the current phylogenetic position and provides a model for comparison with other ranids.
Oncological and functional outcomes of organ‐preserving cystectomy versus standard radical cystectomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Clay Reece , Shaunak Raghav , Raj Siddarth , Light Alexander , Malde Sachin , Thurairaja Ramesh , El‐Hage Oussama , Dasgupta Prokar , Khan Muhammed Shamim , Nair Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionRadical cystectomy (RC) is historically considered the gold standard treatment for muscle invasive and high‐risk non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, this technique leaves the majority of patients of both sexes with poor sexual and urinary function. Organ‐sparing cystectomy (OSC) techniques are emerging as an alternative to the standard procedure to preserve these functions, without compromising the oncological outcomes. We present a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the published literature.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible studies on 6 April 2021. Primary outcomes studied were both oncological outcomes, specifically overall recurrence, and functional outcomes, specifically sexual function, and daytime and nighttime continence. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The PROSPERO registration reference number was CRD42018118897.ResultsFrom 13 894 identified abstracts, 19 studies (1886 male and 305 female patients) were eligible for inclusion in this review. These studies included patients who underwent either whole prostate, prostate capsule, seminal vesicle, nerve, uterus, ovary, vagina and fallopian tube sparing techniques. Four studies included only female patients.Thirteen studies reported oncological outcomes, and overall recurrence rate was similar between the two groups (five studies; OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.38–1.40, p = 0.34). Thirteen studies reported on male sexual function. In men, OSC had significantly greater odds of retaining potency (five studies; OR 9.05; 95% CI 5.07–16.16, p < 0.00001). Fourteen studies (13 on males and 1 female) reported urinary outcomes. In men, OSC demonstrated greater odds of daytime (seven studies; OR 2.61; 95% CI 1.74 to 3.92, p < 0.00001) and nighttime continence (seven studies; OR 2.62; 95% CI 1.76 to 3.89, p < 0.00001).ConclusionIn carefully selected patients, OSC allows the potential to provide better sexual and urinary function without compromising oncological outcomes. There remains, however, a paucity of OSC studies in females. Further studies are required to make recommendations based on robust clinical evidence.
In‐situ Electrochemical Transformed Cu Oxide from Cu Sulfide for Efficient Upgrading of Biomass Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer
Authors: Zhao Heng‐Fan , Yue Yu‐Ting , Fan Yi‐Lin , Wang Ji‐Xiang , Li Wen‐Hui , Wei Feng , Liu Min , Yu Yan‐Hua , Lu Wang‐Ting , Zhang Geng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical transformation of biomass to high value‐added products is attractive. Herein, Cu sulfide‐mediated in‐situ synthesis of Cu oxide was achieved for efficient electro‐oxidation of biomass derived 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The copper foam‐supported Cu sulfide (Cu−S/CF) was in‐situ converted to Cu oxide during the electro‐oxidation process. The in‐situ formed Cu oxide presented high HMF conversion, FDCA yield, and faradaic efficiency in 1 m KOH with HMF concentration up to 100 mm. The oxidation of HMF on Cu oxide started with the formation of high‐valence Cu species with the assistance of OH−, which then oxidized HMF spontaneously. An anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzer with Cu−S/CF as the anode was assembled to continuously produce FDCA with H2 generation at the cathode. The AEM electrolyzer ran stably for 60 h with FDCA content higher than 85 % at a cell voltage between 1.50 and 1.60 V.
Explaining immigrant threat perceptions and pro‐immigrant collective action intentions through issue‐specific moral conviction and general need for closure: The case of the US–Mexico border wall
Authors: De Cristofaro Valeria , Pellegrini Valerio , Livi Stefano , van Zomeren Martijn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis research aimed at explaining immigrant threat perceptions and pro‐immigrant collective action intentions through moral conviction regarding the construction of the US–Mexico border wall and general need for closure (NFC). Among independent samples of Democrats and Republicans, we found that NFC (measured in Study 1, manipulated in Study 2) was negatively related to pro‐immigrant collective action intentions through enhanced immigrant threat perceptions when moral conviction was low. Instead, when moral conviction was high, Democrats were more motivated to act collectively to support immigrants through reduced immigrant threat perceptions, independent of NFC, whereas Republicans were less motivated to act collectively to support immigrants through enhanced immigrant threat perceptions, independent of NFC. These results suggest that moral conviction offers a powerful moral and issue‐specific motivation that can psychologically buffer against the negative influences of general NFC. We discuss how these results complement and advance the literature and open up new research avenues.