bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk perception of sun exposure and knowledge of vitamin D among the healthcare providers in a high-risk country: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Siddiqee Mahbubul Hasan , Bhattacharjee Badhan , Hasan Md Mahbub , Mohammad Shojon , Hassan Md Mehedi , Rouf Rashawan Raziur , Siddiqi Umme Raihan , Rabbi Fazlay , Siddiqi Umme Ruman 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: High levels of vitamin D deficiency are commonly reported even in regions with abundant sunshine. This necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the determinants that influence sun exposure practices. As the primary source of health-related knowledge for the general public, the attitude of the healthcare professionals towards sunlight and their awareness related to vitamin D deficiency can be critical in this regard. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,242 physicians, intern doctors, and senior medical students in Bangladesh from October 2019 to February 2020. A pre-tested structured questionnaire (containing twelve close-ended questions) was used. The perceptions of health risks due to sun exposure, and basic knowledge of the physiological and epidemiological aspects of vitamin D deficiency were tested. Results: An overall negative attitude towards sunlight in the context of Bangladesh was highlighted – 68% participants thought regular sun exposure would be harmful or very harmful; 26% thought the level of UV radiation was very high; 44% recommended using sunscreen always; skin burns, heat stroke, and cancer were selected as potential consequences of regular sun exposure by 45%, 21%, and 30% respondents respectively. Overall knowledge regarding vitamin D deficiency appeared to be biased towards bone health; other symptoms and associated illnesses not having obvious link to Calcium-metabolism were identified much lesser frequently. Furthermore, ‘sunrise to 10 am’ was identified as the best time to get vitamin D by 69% participants; 60% believed <30min of weekly sun exposure would be sufficient for the Bangladeshi population; an only 33% identified that prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Bangladesh would be 50% or more. Taking vitamin D-rich food was suggested by more respondents over regular sun exposure (43% vs. 33%) as more effective remedial strategy to curb vitamin D deficiency in Bangladesh. Conclusion: In addition to highlighting some crucial knowledge gaps, results from this study provides a comprehensive baseline dataset for knowledge and attitude regarding the public health aspects of vitamin D deficiency among the healthcare providers in Bangladesh, which would be generalizable to other countries with similar socio-demographic context, and will facilitate taking more effective policies worldwide.
Towards Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis CCDA Methodology
A multi-disciplinary approach to Social Science
Authors: Allah Ghufran Khir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces a new approach to social science research, which I call Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis (CCDA). CCDA depends on two paramount approaches studied extensively in Linguistics Approach in the last decade; the first is Cognitive Linguistics (CL) (which contains theories on Mental Frames (MF) and Conceptual Metaphors Theory (CMT)). The second is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that includes the analysis of the linguistic production (the discourse) and the social and political context of that production (political agenda, injustice, social stereotypes, and equality). This article is not inventing a new methodology at all. In this article, I join all the puzzle pieces together. I put together the latest theories in all the approaches mentioned above in a solo multi-disciplinary methodology that social science researchers, who may not have a deep knowledge of linguistics, can easily understand and apply. This methodology aims to go beyond the socio-linguistic analysis to reveal the mental structures activated and re-activated by discourse towards social phenomena. This article is part of a series of articles dedicated to setting together CCDA methodology and providing empirical examples on how to include it in social science research. This article provides researchers with the tools to analyze how ideologies, religions, and the public discourse construct the social mind towards cultural, political, and national values and how society members rearticulate these values through their linguistic production. Understanding how the public discourse builds our mental frames on values, diversity, gender equality is a significant step towards making a change in that discourse to achieve a higher level of equality and justice in any society.
Understanding the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Surgical Care Delivery in India: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jain Samarvir , Mahajan Anshul , Patil Priti , Bhandarkar Prashant , Sarang Bhakti , Bains Lovenish , Bhandoria Geetu , Khajanchi Monty , Veetil Deepa Kizhakke , Mohan Monali , Shah Priyansh , Dutta Rohini , Virk Sargun , Rattan Amulya , Sharma Naveen , Mishra Anurag , Bhavishi Devi , Jaydeep Hindocha , Arora Sumit , Kant Ravi , Belekar Dnyanesh , Wadhawan Randeep , Satoskar Rajeev R. , Prajapati Ramlal , Srivas Sudhir K. , Kamble Prashant , Mayadeo Niranjan M. , Gokhale Ashish , Roy Nobhojit , Gadgil Anita 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns adversely affected global health care services to varying extent. Emergency Services were affected along-with elective surgeries, to accommodate the added burden of COVID19 affected patients. We aimed to reflect, quantify and analyse the trends of essential surgeries and bellwether procedures during the waxing and waning of the pandemic, across various hospitals in India.MethodologyA research consortium led by WHO Collaboration Centre (WHOCC) for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-and Middle-Income countries, India, conducted this study with 5 centres. All surgeries performed during the months of April 2020 (wave 1), November 2020 (recovery 1) and April 2021 (wave 2) were compared with those performed in April 2019 (pre-pandemic period). ResultsThe total number of surgeries reduced by 77% during wave 1, which improved to 52% reduction in recovery 1, as compared to pre-pandemic period. However, surgeries reduced again during wave 2 to 68%, but reduction was less as compared to wave 1. Emergency and essential surgeries were affected along-with the elective ones, but to a lesser extent.ConclusionOur study quantified the effects of the pandemic on surgical-care delivery across a timeline and documented reduction in overall surgical volumes during the peaks of the pandemic (wave 1 and 2) with minimal improvement as the surge of COVID19 cases declined (recovery 1). The second wave showed improved surgical volumes as compared to the first one which may be attributable to improved preparedness. Caesarean sections were affected the least.
Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and malignant phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Rui , Wang Zhiping , Lu Tianzhu , Liu Yuzhen , JI Yulong , Yu Yilin , Tou Fangfang , Guo Shanxian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles (BUB) family is involved in the cell cycle process as mitotic checkpoint components. Abnormal proliferation is a vital process in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Nevertheless, the roles of BUB1 in LUAD remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value and biological functions of BUB1 in LUAD using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), clinical LUAD samples, and in vitro experiments.
Methods
The expression, prognostic significance, functions, immune infiltration, and methylation of BUB1 in LUAD were comprehensively analyzed using TCGA, GEO, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Metascape, cBioPortal, MethSurv, and cancerSEA databases. Furthermore, we performed a battery of in vitro experiments and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to verify the bioinformatics results.
Results
BUB1 was upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with normal tissues (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that BUB1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 1.499, p = 0.013). Functional enrichment analysis showed that BUB1 was correlated with cell cycle, proliferation, DNA repair, DNA damage, and invasion (p < 0.05). Moreover, the methylation level of BUB1 was negatively correlated with BUB1 expression (p < 0.001), and patients with BUB1 hypomethylation had worse overall survival than patients with hypermethylation (p < 0.05). Finally, in vitro experiments showed that downregulation of BUB1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells and promoted LUAD cell apoptosis. IHC also showed that BUB1 was overexpressed in LUAD (p < 0.001) and was significantly associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our bioinformatics and IHC analyses revealed that BUB1 overexpression was an adverse prognostic factor in LUAD. In vitro experiments demonstrated that BUB1 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in LUAD. These results indicated that BUB1 was a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target in LUAD.
Involvement of essential trace elements in the pathogenesis of NASH: comparison of their involvement in NASH with that in HCV-related chronic liver disease
Authors: Himoto Takashi , Fujita Koji , Mimura Shima , Tani Joji , Morishita Asahiro , Kubota Satoru , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Essential trace elements are involved in the pathogenesis of the chronic liver disease such as hepatic inflammation, steatosis and fibrosis. We investigate the roles of essential trace elements in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and compared those in NASH with those in HCV-related chronic liver disease (CLD-C). Serum zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and ferritin levels were measured in twenty-six NASH patients and 66 CLD-C patients. The correlations between these essential trace elements levels in their sera and biochemical or pathological parameters were examined in both the NASH and CLD-C patients. Serum ferritin levels were significantly correlated with serum ALT levels and the HOMA-IR values in both the NASH and CLD-C groups. Serum Zn and Se levels were significantly associated with serum albumin levels, and inversely associated with the stages of hepatic fibrosis in both groups. Serum Se levels were closely correlated with the grades of hepatic steatosis in the NASH patients, whereas serum ferritin levels were positively correlated, and serum Zn levels were inversely correlated with the grades in the CLD-C patients. Serum Zn levels were inversely associated with the HOMA-IR values in the both groups, although serum Se was also negatively associated with the HOMA-IR values only in the CLD-C patients. These results indicate that the mechanisms to evoke insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis may be slightly different between NASH and CLD-C patients.
Effects of bovine milk osteopontin on in vitro enamel remineralization as a topical application prior to immersion in remineralizing solutions with/without fluoride.
Authors: Ishizuka Hisako , Hamba Hidenori , Nakamura Keiki , Miyayoshi Yoshihito , Kumura Haruto , Muramatsu Takashi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of bovine milk osteopontin (OPN) on enamel remineralization as a topical application. Materials and methods After bovine enamel blocks were immersed in demineralizing solution, they were divided into the following 3 groups: OPN (2.7 and 5.4 µM) solutions and deionized water (negative control), which were applied to the enamel surface of each specimen at 37˚C for 30 min. Each group was divided into 2 groups and immersed in remineralizing solution with or without 1 ppm of fluoride (F). After demineralization and remineralization, specimens were scanned by micro-computed tomography to evaluate mineral density and calculate mineral loss. At 14 days, surface and cross-sectional images were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Remineralization was confirmed in all groups. The percentage of remineralization was higher in remineralization solution with than without F (p<0.05). OPN groups in remineralizing solution without F showed a lower percentage of remineralization at 14 days. In the presence of F, the percentage of remineralization was similar in the 5.4 µM OPN group and control group and significantly lower in the 2.7 µM OPN group (p<0.05). SEM images showed the accumulation of crystal-like deposits on the enamel surface in the OPN groups, and needle-like structural precipitations were observed in the OPN with F groups. Furthermore, stable structures were detected at the subsurface region. Conclusions These results suggest that bovine milk OPN inhibits remineralization in solution without F, but 5.4 µM bovine milk OPN does not inhibit remineralization using solution containing F.Clinical relevance Application of 5.4µM bovine milk OPN prior to immersion in solution with F would be a potential for the management of dental caries in the future, from a viewpoint of both bacteria and remineralization.
In vitro profiling of application ready human surrogate primary progenitor stromal cell fractions
Authors: Dasari Vasanthi , Bolimera Paparao , Gorthi Leela Krishna , Dravida Subhadra 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Human progenitor, primary cell-based models are emerging as alternatives to animal systems in discovery and development stages of pharma and biopharmaceutical candidates meant for clinical application. In vitro platforms available for such use including for assessments of human neuro related toxicities and virulence have been rarely reported. We characterized biological discard sourced primary progenitor cells configured as microphysiological systems in vitro to establish phenotype and genotype signatures with reference to pluripotency and neuronal lineage. Methods and results: Tissue based method of stromal cell population isolation method, MACS to generate induced pluripotent cell fractions, conditioning medium to coax neuronal morphologies were employed to generate human microphysiological in vitro primary cellular platforms. The stromal cells, sorted cells and coaxed neuronal like cells (CNC) manifest distinct phenotypes and genotypes. The sorted cells show enrichment of pluripotent gene markers compared to heterogeneous stromal precursor cell population while CNCs show characteristic complementation with Nestin, EN, Tra1, Musashi, NFL genes. Conclusion: We report here an in vitro human biological discard derived primary progenitor cell-based system with innate pluripotent genotype inclined towards neuronal lineage upon induction. Our study offers a possibility that human derived microphysiological systems generated in scale owing to the source advantage may bring novel insights into the design and choice of next generation assessment methodologies in testing neurotoxicity, neurovirulence like non-clinical safety parameters surrounding vaccines and drugs for safe delivery in line with FDA’s advice to the global industry.
Efficacy of the combined administration of low dose aspirin and low molecular weight heparin in unexplained recurrent miscarriages with occasional antiphospholipid antibody positivity: A case report and literature review
Authors: Takayanagi Yuko , Ota Kuniaki , Tajima Mariko , Hiraoka Kenichiro , Takahashi Toshifumi , Kawai Kiyotaka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Recurrent miscarriage (RM), defined as three or more miscarriages, is estimated to occur in 1–3% of couples trying to conceive. Although several established causes of RM have been reported, the causes for half of all cases remain unexplained. Occasional antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positivity not diagnosed as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) could be a risk factor for unexplained RM. However, no established treatment has been documented for patients with occasional aPL-positivity.Case presentation: This patient with unexplained infertility underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and experienced three continuous miscarriages, including chemical pregnancy. The general screening for RM detected only aPL-IgG. However, the negative result obtained by the retest 12 weeks later suggested the case as an unexplained RM with occasional aPL-positivity not diagnosed with APS. Low-dose aspirin (LDA; enteric-coated aspirin tablet, 100 mg once daily) as an anticoagulant was administered on the day of embryo transfer (ET) and continued until a successful clinical pregnancy was determined. Although implantation was achieved with this intervention, a successful clinical pregnancy could not be achieved. Thereafter, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH; 10,000 IU every 12 h) and LDA (enteric-coated aspirin tablet, 100 mg once daily) were administered everyday starting on the day of ET and continued till 14 and 28 weeks of gestation, respectively. On day 16 post-ET, the serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin concentration was elevated to 2562.0 IU/L, and an ultrasound confirmed the pregnancy. The patient successfully completed the course of pregnancy and delivered a viable female neonate (3010 g) at 40 weeks and 3 days of gestation.Conclusions: This case demonstrated that the combination therapy of LMWH and LDA led to a successful pregnancy and live birth in a patient with occasional aPL-positivity but not APS. However, further clinical trials are required to confirm the efficacy of the combined therapy of LMWH and LDA in patients with unexplained RM associated with occasional aPL-positivity.
Determination of the anti-glioblastoma effect of artesunate and its potential targets through RNA-seq data analysis
Authors: ren zijing , zhao qiang , Tian Jing , li Xingyue , wang yue , Sang ming , Zhou peiyang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an invasive brain tumor that lacks effective treatment methods. This study examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of Artesunate (ART) in GBM using both in vivo and in vitro methods and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Methods and Results: The effects of ART were assessed in vitro using GBM cells and in vivo using tumor-bearing nude mice. ART significantly suppressed GBM cell proliferation, facilitated apoptosis, and induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, ROS scavengers reversed the growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects of ART on GBM cells. In the mouse model of GBM, ART effectively inhibited cancer development without inducing toxicity. RNA-seq of ART-treated and untreated cells revealed 389 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 145 upregulated and 244 downregulated DEGs. Furthermore, the DEGs were applied to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes analysis. The downregulated DEGs were mostly related to tumor-related pathways, such as the cell cycle, cell molecule adhesion, and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. In addition, analyses using the Molecular Complex Detection algorithm and protein-protein interaction network were performed on those DEGs, and HMMR, CDC20, CCNB1, and THBS1, which may play key roles in ART-treated GBM cells, were identified. These results were validated via quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Conclusions: Overall, our results illustrated the anti-GBM effects of ART and the possible mechanisms involved.
“My life has changed suddenly!”Psycho-social problems in mothers of children with cancer
Authors: DURAN Songül , TEKİR Özlem , KIRATLI Didem 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to better understand the psycho-social problems in mothers of children with cancer.Methods: This a qualitative phenomenological study. The sample consisted of a total of 15 mothers. Results: The study determined six main themes. The theme of “first reactions of the mothers when they learned the diagnosis of their child” comprised of four sub-themes, including “shock”, “sadness”, “fear” and “denial”. As the second main theme, “the effects of the disease on mothers” had two sub-themes, including “sadness” and “hope”. The third theme was “changes in the family” due to the diagnosis and included two subthemes: “support of family members for each other” and “disruption of family routines”. The fourth theme was “involvement in society”, including sub-themes of “restricted social relationships” and “increased social support by calling”. As the fifth theme, the “difficulties related to the disease and treatment” had one subtheme, named “disease-related pain”. The sixth theme was “increased support factors”, including two sub-themes: “need for expert support” and “financial support”.Conclusions: Nursing interventions can help mother of children with cancer cope with disease-related difficulties by providing adequate care and support during the disease process.
Site-specific distant metastases and overall survival in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: A study of 378 patients
Authors: xing zibao , Chen Yongjie , Cai Gaoping , Chen Shiwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To assess the association between patterns of distant metastases and overall survival(OS), and identify the prognostic factors for site-specific distant metastases.Methods: Data from the SEER database between 2004 and 2016 were analyzed, OS between different groups were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-rank test, prognostic factors associated with OS were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results: The median OS of patients with one and multiple metastatic sites was 5 and 3 months, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.544, P <0.001).The median OS of patients with bone metastases only, brain metastases only, liver metastases only, and lung metastases only was 6,5,3, and 5 months, respectively, with no significant difference(χ2=4.643, P = 0.200).Metastatic sites, surgery, and chemotherapy were prognostic factors for the entire cohort; surgery and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for patients with lung metastases only and multiple sites of metastases, and surgery was independent prognostic factors for patients with bone metastases only.Conclusion: The specific sites of distant metastases were independent prognostic factors affecting the OS. For patients with one site of distant metastases, the specific type of distant metastatic site did not affect the OS. Nephrectomy reduced the risk of mortality in patients with lung metastases only, bone metastases only and multiple sites of distant metastases.Chemotherapy reduced the risk of mortality in patients with lung metastases only and multiple sites of distant metastases, but it was not found to reduce the risk of mortality in patients with bone metastases only.
Complete genome sequences of a novel genotype of citrus tristeza virus infecting Chinese wild mandarin (Citrus daoxianensis S.W. He) in China
Authors: Li Shuanghua , Zhou jun , Yi Long , Huang Aijun , Han Rongyan , You Ping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A moderate sequence heterogeneity isolate (JY-2) of CTV infecting Chinese wild mandarin (C. daoxianensis S.W. He) in were examined by RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Complete genomic sequences of JY-2 consisted of 19112 nucleotides (nts) were determined. Based on evidence of genomic characteristics, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis of JY-2, one putative novel CTV genotypes JY should be considered. RT-PCR results showed that JY genotype was only in Chinese wild mandarin (C. daoxianensis) trees from Jiangyong (Hunan Province), China. These results will underpin further understanding of the molecular diversity of CTV and will provide a new insight into its evolution.