bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of modern light‐curing hybrid resin‐based composites to the tooth structure: Static and dynamic mechanical parameters
Authors: Ilie Nicoleta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study aims to compare the way modern resin‐based composites (RBCs) respond to mechanical stress related to the tooth structure they are designed to replace. Eight representative light‐cured RBCs, including ormocers, giomers, RBCs with nano and agglomerated nanoparticles, prepolymerized, or compact fillers, were selected. Flexural strength, FS and modulus/E, were measured in a three‐point bending test. A fractographic analysis determined the origin of fracture. The quasi‐static (indentation hardness/HIT, indentation modulus/EIT) and viscoelastic (storage modulus/E′, loss modulus/E″, loss factor/tan δ) behavior was assessed by a depth‐sensing indentation test equipped with a dynamic‐mechanical analysis module. One and multiple‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post‐hoc tests (α = 0.05), and Weibull statistics were applied. Parameter material exhibited the highest effect on E (p < .001, ηP2 = .857), followed by FS (ηP2 = .729), and the strain (ηP2 = .553). Highest material reliability was identified in the RBCs with nano and agglomerated nanoparticles. The most frequent type of failure originated from volume (81.3%), followed by edge (10.6%), and corner (8.1%) flaws. Enamel evidenced three times higher HIT, EIT, and E′ values as RBCs and dentin, and the smallest deviation from ideal elasticity. Ormocers exhibited the highest damping capacity, followed by the RBCs with prepolymerized fillers. Damping capacity and static mechanical properties are mutually exclusive. Analyzed RBCs and the tooth structure are better adapted to the relevant frequency for chewing than for higher frequencies. RBCs are comparable to dentin in terms of their mechanical performance, but apart from the damping behavior, they are far inferior to enamel. Damping ability of analyzed material could be exploited for correlation with the clinical behavior.
An Osteoporosis Susceptibility Allele at 11p15 Regulates SOX6 Expression by Modulating TCF4 Chromatin Binding
Authors: Zhu Dong-Li , Chen Xiao-Feng , Zhou Xiao-Rong , Hu Shou-Ye , Tuo Xiao-Mei , Hao Ruo-Han , Dong Shan-Shan , Jiang Feng , Rong Yu , Yang Tie-Lin , Yang Zhi , Guo Yan 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis is an age-related complex disease clinically diagnosed with bone mineral density (BMD). Although several genomewide association studies (GWASs) have discovered multiple noncoding genetic variants at 11p15 influencing osteoporosis risk, the functional mechanisms of these variants remain unknown. Through integrating bioinformatics and functional experiments, a potential functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs1440702) located in an enhancer element was identified and the A allele of rs1440702 acted as an allelic specificities enhancer to increase its distal target gene SOX6 (~600 Kb upstream) expression, which plays a key role in bone formation. We also validated this long-range regulation via conducting chromosome conformation capture (3C) assay. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SNP rs1440702 with a risk allele (rs1440702-A) could increase the activity of the enhancer element by altering the binding affinity of the transcription factor TCF4, resulting in the upregulation expression of SOX6 gene. Collectively, our integrated analyses revealed how the noncoding genetic variants (rs1440702) affect osteoporosis predisposition via long-range gene regulatory mechanisms and identified its target gene SOX6 for downstream biomarker and drug development. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Abstract
Graphic representation of our model of the regulatory relationships between TCF4, rs1440702 and SOX6 for risk prediction in osteoporosis. The osteoporosis risk A allele of rs1440702 increased TCF4 binding and upregulates SOX6 expression, which may lead to increased risk of osteoporosis.
Evaluation of tripartite motif 59 and its diagnostic utility in benign bowel diseases and colorectal cancer
Authors: Dahpy Marwa A. , Salama Ragaa H. M. , Kamal Asmaa A. , El‐Deek Heba E. , AbdelMotaleb Ali A. , Abd‐El‐Rehim Abeer S. , Hassan Elham A. , Alsanory Aya A. , Saad Mahmoud M. , Ali Maha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer‐related mortality in developing countries. Tripartite motif‐59 (TRIM59) a member of the TRIM ubiquitin ligase family, is a surface molecule that regulates biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. Previous studies reported that TRIM59 expression was upregulated in human CRC, however, the expression pattern and role of TRIM59 in benign colorectal lesions remain unclear. Sixty patients diagnosed with CRC and 60 patients with benign lesions (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, adenoma, and familial adenomatous polyposis) were recruited to the present study. TRIM59 gene expression was assessed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expression of TRIM59 protein and p‐AKT were determined using, enzyme‐linked immunoassay while p53 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Antioxidant/oxidant role of glutathione (GSH)/malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated by colorimetric methods in all of the studied groups. Our results showed upregulated expressions of TRIM59 gene and protein levels in CRC tissues and benign colonic lesions compared to nontumor tissues. Their levels were higher in inflammatory compared to noninflammatory bowel lesions. There were significant interrelations among TRIM59 gene expression, protein levels, tumor, node, metastasis staging, and the presence of metastasis (p < 0.0001). Receiver–operator characteristic curve analyses showed that at the cutoff point of 2.5 TRIM59 mRNA expression can discriminate between CRC cases and benign bowel group (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.639, sensitivity: 86.7%, specificity: 41.7%), and between CRC and controls (AUC: 0.962, sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 91.7%). TRIM59 could be a potential biomarker in the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of benign colonic lesions and CRC.
Light and scanning electron microscopic imaging of leaf transverse sections of indigenous fodder grasses of central Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Harun Nidaa , Shaheen Shabnum , Ahmad Mushtaq , Bibi Fozia , Fatima Kaneez , Ramzan Sehrish , Bashir Hira 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe significance of grasses as fodder is enormous. However, it has been observed that different fodder grasses are identified locally with the similar vernacular names. Even same species recognized with different names. This happened due to their reduced and overlapped morphological characters. Hence comprehensive taxonomic keys were required to provide authentic identification of this grass flora. Current study established microscopic identification tools on the basis of leaf transverse anatomical features. Results demonstrated a great diversity in ribs and furrows arrangement among all studied grass members. Lolium temulentum, Phalaris minor, Poa annua, Arundo donax, Aristida adscensionis, Desmostachya bipinnata, Cenchrus biflorus and Digitaria ciliaris possessed ribs and furrows only at adaxial surfaces whereas all other species possessed this feature abaxially. Generally all the species contain three types of vascular bundles i.e. small, medium and large. Therefore, this qualitative feature is valuable only at family level, however, it found insignificant in taxa identification. Diversity was observed in bundle sheath type which could be taxonomically significant. Generally bundle sheath was found complete in most of species but in Bromus japonicus Thunb., Dactylis glomerata L., Acrachne racemosa (Heyne ex Roth) Ohwi, Chrysopogon aucheri (Boiss.) Stapf, Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf, Heteropogon contortus (L.) P Beauv. Ex. Roem & Schult. Eragrostis minor Host. and in Agrostis gigantea Roth. had incomplete type of sheath. Results reported great diversity in characters which could be taxonomically viable.Research HighlightsThis research highlighted the significance of microscopic examination of leaf transverse anatomical features in field of taxonomy. Established anatomical tools would be of great importance for the identification of studied species.
Analysis of extracellular vesicle DNA at the single‐vesicle level by nano‐flow cytometry
Authors: Liu Haisheng , Tian Ye , Xue Chengfeng , Niu Qian , Chen Chen , Yan Xiaomei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt has been demonstrated recently that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry DNA; however, many fundamental features of DNA in EVs (EV‐DNA) remain elusive. In this study, a laboratory‐built nano‐flow cytometer (nFCM) that can detect single EVs as small as 40 nm in diameter and single DNA fragments of 200 bp upon SYTO 16 staining was used to study EV‐DNA at the single‐vesicle level. Through simultaneous side‐scatter and fluorescence (FL) detection of single particles and with the combination of enzymatic treatment, present study revealed that: (1) naked DNA or DNA associated with non‐vesicular entities is abundantly presented in EV samples prepared from cell culture medium by ultracentrifugation; (2) the quantity of EV‐DNA in individual EVs exhibits large heterogeneity and the population of DNA positive (DNA+) EVs varies from 30% to 80% depending on the cell type; (3) external EV‐DNA is mainly localized on relatively small size EVs (e.g. <100 nm for HCT‐15 cell line) and the secretion of external DNA+ EVs can be significantly reduced by exosome secretion pathway inhibition; (4) internal EV‐DNA is mainly packaged inside the lumen of relatively large EVs (e.g. 80–200 nm for HCT‐15 cell line); (5) double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) is the predominant form of both the external and internal EV‐DNA; (6) histones (H3) are not found in EVs, and EV‐DNA is not associated with histone proteins and (7) genotoxic drug induces an enhanced release of DNA+ EVs, and the number of both external DNA+ EVs and internal DNA+ EVs as well as the DNA content in single EVs increase significantly. This study provides direct and conclusive experimental evidence for an in‐depth understanding of how DNA is associated with EVs.
New holistic approach for the management of biofilm‐associated infections by myco‐metabolites
Authors: Ghosh Sreejita , Nag Moupriya , Lahiri Dibyajit , Sarkar Tanmay , Pati Siddhartha , Joshi Sanket , Ray Rina R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiofilm‐associated infections have increased excessively over the recent years due to the increased population having impaired immune systems or as a result of certain medical conditions like transplantation, cancer, and any other chronic ailments. The abrupt enhancement of antibiotic resistance and enhanced utilization of biomedical devices offer new opportunities for microbial colonization leading to the development of microbial biofilms. Total eradication of recalcitrant microbial biofilms demands the adoption of a holistic approach and since the fungal metabolites enriched with bioactive compounds show efficacy in inhibiting the multiple factors behind biofilm formation, the anti‐biofilm activities of fungal metabolites need to be appraised. Being effective in preventing various steps of biofilm formation, including inhibition of surface adhesion and cell‐to‐cell communication through quorum quenching, blocking of quorum sensing receptors, and enzymes involved in microbial cell wall biosynthesis, targeting the virulence factors and finally killing of biofilm bound individual cells; myco‐metabolites are found effective as a potent holistic anti‐biofilm agent. The wide spectrum of bioactive substances of fungi and their anti‐biofilm activities against different pathogens and their multitarget characteristics are very promising in the field of treating biofilm infections.
Characterization of the response of Escherichia coli tol‐fucose in bacterial swimming motility
Authors: Li Jingyun , Chen Juan , Wang Lu , Lin Yan , Zhang Xian , Liu Jian , Wang Fangbin 
Published: April 2022

Abstractl‐Fucose, as a monosaccharide in nature, plays a crucial role in bacteria colonization. Escherichia coli (E. coli), as a common microorganism in environment, utilize bacterial flagellar motor to drive the rotation of flagella, which is regulated by chemotactic signal transduction signals. Yet the effect of
l‐fucose to bacterial motility remains unclear. The effect of
l‐fucose on the swimming motility of bacteria was investigated from the level of single flagellar motor to individual cell and cell population by employing a bead assay, a high‐throughput 2D tracking assay and a high‐throughput dark‐field flicker microscopy. The results showed that the swimming motility of the bacteria cultured with
l‐fucose was decreased, while the tumble frequency increased. Furthermore, the behavioral alterations of bacteria affected by
l‐fucose were directly reveled by measuring the cell distribution of bacteria swimming near surfaces and bacterial surface adhesion, suggesting that
l‐fucose promotes bacterial surface aggregation and surface adhesion. The effect of
l‐fucose on bacterial swimming motility characterized in this study are consistent with the key role that
l‐fucose plays in bacterial colonization.
The moderating influence of supplier culture on the relationship between buyer power and supplier shirking
Authors: Skowronski Keith , Benton W. C. , Handley Sean 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGlobalization has added a layer of complexity to the challenge of mitigating opportunism in buyer–supplier relationships. When engaging with suppliers in different countries, buyers must manage relationships across various cultures. Prior empirical research has shown that inter‐firm power affects opportunism in exchange relationships, and conceptual studies suggest that national culture is a location characteristic that could influence inter‐firm power. However, no research has empirically examined the efficacy of inter‐firm power in controlling opportunism, or other exchange outcomes, across different cultural contexts. To study this relevant issue, we investigate how a supplier's national culture influences the effectiveness of two bases of inter‐firm power, coercive and expert power, on a form of opportunism that has been anecdotally observed in practice—supplier shirking. We utilize primary dyadic data on 109 outsourcing relationships and secondary data of supply chain location characteristics to examine this phenomenon. We find that the effects of inter‐firm power on shirking vary across suppliers in different cultures and that, in certain cultures, coercive power may reduce the effectiveness of expert power. Our results show that manufacturers must explicitly consider suppliers' national culture when managing a globally dispersed supply base or risk encountering supplier shirking.
Impact of a personal history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the overall survival of cutaneous melanoma patients
Authors: Moro Ruggero , Campos Eva , González‐Cuevas Rubén , Aguerralde‐Martin Maider , Requena Celia , Manrique‐Silva Esperanza , Traves Victor , Virós Amaya , Kumar Rajiv , Nagore Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere have been previous studies on the association between cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM) survival, and also the association between skin cancers and relative telomere length (RTL). In this study we analysed the overall survival (OS) of patients with CM and a positive history of cSCC to evaluate the impact of this history on survival and any possible association with RTL.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study on 1613 patients with CM diagnosed between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2015 at the Instituto Valenciano de Oncología. Contingency tables were used to analyze the association between a positive history of cSCC and other covariates. OS was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves and log‐rank test. Cox regression was used to determine the prognostic role of each covariate.ResultsPatients with a positive history of cSCC had a shorter OS (p < 0.001), but this was not significant at multivariate analysis. The covariates that resulted in independent predictors of shorter OS were gender, localisation, and lymphovascular invasion. Age and Breslow thickness were independent predictors only after 15 months of follow‐up; mitotic rate only between 15 and 65 months; disease stage only below 65 months, and RTL only after 65 months of follow‐up. A positive history of cSCC was not associated with RTL.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CM patients with a positive history of cSCC have a worse OS because it is related to other independent prognostic factors such as male gender and older age.
Broadband Model‐Based Optoacoustic Mesoscopy Enables Deep‐Tissue Imaging beyond the Acoustic Diffraction Limit
Authors: Li Weiye , Hofmann Urs A. T. , Rebling Johannes , Zhou Quanyu , Chen Zhenyue , Ozbek Ali , Gong Yuxiang , Subochev Pavel , Razansky Daniel , Deán‐Ben Xosé Luís 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOptoacoustic mesoscopy (OAM) retrieves anatomical and functional contrast in vivo at depths not resolvable with optical microscopy. Recent progress on reconstruction algorithms have further advanced its imaging performance to provide high lateral resolution ultimately limited by acoustic diffraction. In this work, a new broadband model‐based OAM (MB‐OAM) framework efficiently exploiting scanning symmetries for an enhanced performance is presented. By capitalizing on the large detection bandwidth of a spherical polyvinylidene difluoride film while accurately accounting for its spatial impulse response, the new approach significantly outperforms standard OAM implementations in terms of contrast and resolution, as validated by functional in vivo experiments in mice and human volunteers. Furthermore, L1‐norm regularization enables resolving structures separated by less than the theoretical diffraction‐limited resolution. This unique label‐free angiographic performance demonstrates the general applicability of MB‐OAM as a super‐resolution deep‐tissue imaging method capable of breaking through the limits imposed by acoustic diffraction.
Skin of color representation in cosmetic clinical trials: A literature review
Authors: Akintilo Lisa , Pulavarty Akshay , Onwudiwe Oge , Garibyan Lilit , Lee Kachiu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite cosmetic procedures being on the rise in the US in all demographics, cosmetic procedures remain heavily skewed towards non‐skin of color patients. Cosmetic clinical trials in the United States must be representative of the ever‐increasing diversity of the US population. We sought to analyze published cosmetic randomized controlled trials, both industry‐sponsored and investigator‐initiated, to characterize and assess representation of skin of color participants over the past three decades. Our study shows that industry sponsorship correlates with poor study participant ethnic/racial diversity in aesthetic randomized controlled trials, and should serve as a call to action for industries to increase the inclusion of skin of color participants in their studies.
Synthesis of a Degradable Hydrogel Based on a Graft Copolymer with Unexpected Thermoresponsiveness
Authors: Xu Jingcong , Abetz Volker 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIncorporating multiple pyridyl disulfide (PDS) moieties into polymer chains allows the fabrication of a chemically cross‐linked hydrogel through the rapid thiol–disulfide exchange reaction. By aminolysis in the presence of 2,2′‐dithiodipyridine (DTP), the end groups of polymers synthesized via reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization can readily be converted into PDS‐groups. In this contribution, a RAFT‐synthesized graft copolymer with thermoresponsive poly[di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] forming the backbone and hydrophilic poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) as the side chains is presented. The copolymer chains exhibit surprisingly a two‐step lower critical solution temperature transition in aqueous solutions. After modification of the end groups of the backbone and side chains, the PDS‐terminated chains can react with a dithiol cross‐linker to form a thermoresponsive hydrogel. In a reducing environment, the cleavable disulfide linkages lead to on‐demand dissolution of the hydrogel. The resulting thiol‐terminated chains undergo a reversible sol–gel transition in response to redox variations, expanding the potential application areas of such a polymer system.
Motion‐corrected 23Na MRI of the human brain using interleaved 1H 3D navigator images
Authors: Wilferth Tobias , Müller Max , Gast Lena V. , Ruck Laurent , Meyerspeer Martin , Lopez Kolkovsky Alfredo L. , Uder Michael , Dörfler Arnd , Nagel Armin M. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of motion correction for sodium (23Na) MRI based on interleaved acquired 3D proton (1H) navigator images.MethodsA 3D radial density‐adapted sequence for interleaved 23Na/1H MRI was implemented on a 7 Tesla whole‐body MRI system. The 1H data obtained during the 23Na acquisition were used to reconstruct 140 navigator image volumes with a nominal spatial resolution of (2.5 mm)3 and a temporal resolution of 6 s. The motion information received from co‐registration was then used to correct the 23Na image dataset, which also had a nominal spatial resolution of (2.5 mm)3. The approach was evaluated on six healthy volunteers, whose motion during the scans had different intensities and characteristics.ResultsInterleaved acquisition of two nuclei did not show any relevant influence on image quality (SNR of 13.0 for interleaved versus 13.2 for standard 23Na MRI and 176.4 for interleaved versus 178.0 for standard 1H MRI). The applied motion correction increased the consistency between two consecutive scans for all examined volunteers and improved the image quality for all kinds of motion. The SD of the differences ranged between 2.30% and 6.96% for the uncorrected and between 2.13% and 2.67% for the corrected images.ConclusionThe feasibility of interleaved acquired 1H navigator images to be used for retrospective motion correction of 23Na images was successfully demonstrated. The approach neither affected the 23Na image quality nor elongated the scan time and can therefore be an important tool to improve the accuracy of quantitative 23Na MRI.