bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive sampling of mountain lion hair using modified foothold traps
Authors: Rossettie Tricia S. , Perry Travis W. , Cain James W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough genetic analysis is an increasingly affordable option for wildlife studies, obtaining high‐quality samples from cryptic carnivores remains difficult. To address this, we modified and tested 20.3‐cm (8‐inch) foot snares in unbaited trail sets for noninvasive collection of hair samples from mountain lions (Puma concolor). We deployed 22 hair traps in the Black Range in southern New Mexico from May to November 2017, monitored by remote cameras, at 66 locations for 1,618 trap nights ( = 24.5 nights, SD = 7.2 nights). Photos indicated 20 instances of mountain lions passing within 2 m of a hair trap and we collected 7 mountain lion hair samples, which averaged >20 hairs/sample. All samples contained hair with visible roots and were identifiable to species; 6 of the 7 (85.7%) yielded sufficient DNA for individual identification. We attributed failure to obtain samples to 3 primary causes: individual trap saturation (2 instances), trap failure (2 instances), and non‐trigger events (9 instances). Black bears (Ursus americanus) and heavy rains were the primary sources of disturbance to hair trap sets, contributing to individual trap saturation and trap failure. We speculate that low trigger rates were associated with pan tension having been set too high in the first month of the study, as well as disturbance of hair traps or leading foot placements by nontarget species. We discuss strategies to increase hair sample collection rates, including seasonal use of hair traps, more selective placement on the landscape, and altering physical attributes of the hair traps. The quality of hair samples we collected and subsequent amplification rates indicated that, along with proper deployment strategies, hair traps are a viable tool for noninvasively collecting genetic material for individual identification of mountain lions and other elusive species.
The E10 Wheeler-DeWitt operator at low levels
Authors: Kleinschmidt Axel , Nicolai Hermann 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We consider the Wheeler-DeWitt operator associated with the bosonic part of the Hamiltonian of D = 11 supergravity in a formulation with only the spatial components of the three-form and six-form fields, and compare it with the E10 Casimir operator at low levels, to show that these two operators precisely match modulo spatial gradients up to and including $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$
gl
10 level ℓ = 2. The uniqueness of the E10 Casimir operator eliminates all ordering ambiguities in the quantum Hamiltonian, at least up to the level considered. Beyond ℓ ≥ 3 the two operators are expected to start to differ from each other, as they do so for the classical expressions. We then consider truncations of the E10 Wheeler-DeWitt operator for various finite-dimensional subgroups of E10 in order to exhibit the automorphic properties of the associated wave functions and to show that physically sensible wave functions generically vanish at the cosmological singularity, thus providing new and more sophisticated examples of DeWitt’s proposed mechanism for singularity resolution in quantum gravity. Our construction provides novel perspectives on several unresolved conceptual issues with the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, such as the question of observables in quantum gravity, or the issue of emergent space and time in a purely algebraic framework. We also highlight remaining open questions of the E10 framework.
Pattern Hopf Algebras
Authors: Penaguiao Raul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we expand on the notion of combinatorial presheaf, first introduced explicitly by Aguiar and Mahajan in 2010 but already present in the literature in some other points of view. We do this by adapting the algebraic framework of species to the study of substructures in combinatorics. Afterwards, we consider functions that count the number of patterns of objects and endow the linear span of these functions with a product and a coproduct. In this way, any well-behaved family of combinatorial objects that admits a notion of substructure generates a Hopf algebra, and this association is functorial. For example, the Hopf algebra on permutations studied by Vargas in 2014 and the Hopf algebra on symmetric functions are particular cases of this construction. A specific family of pattern Hopf algebras of interest are the ones arising from commutative combinatorial presheaves. This includes the presheaves on graphs, posets and generalized permutahedra. Here, we show that all the pattern Hopf algebras corresponding to commutative presheaves are free. We also study a remarkable non-commutative presheaf structure on marked permutations, i.e. permutations with a marked element. These objects have a natural product called inflation, which is an operation motivated by factorization theorems for permutations. In this paper, we find new factorization theorems for marked permutations. We use these theorems to show that the pattern Hopf algebra for marked permutations is also free, using Lyndon words techniques.
The winking sign is an indicator for increased femorotibial rotation in patients with recurrent patellar instability
Authors: Flury Andreas , Hodel Sandro , Hasler Julian , Hooman Esfandiari , Fucentese Sandro F. , Vlachopoulos Lazaros 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Rotation of the tibia relative to the femur was recently identified as a contributing risk factor for patellar instability, and correlated with its severity. The hypothesis was that in patellofemoral dysplastic knees, an increase in femorotibial rotation can be reliably detected on anteroposterior (AP) radiographs by an overlap of the lateral femoral condyle over the lateral tibial eminence.

Methods
Sixty patients (77 knees) received low-dose computed tomography (CT) of the lower extremity for assessment of torsional malalignment due to recurrent patellofemoral instability. Three-dimensional (3D) surface models were created to assess femorotibial rotation and its relationship to other morphologic risk factors of patellofemoral instability. On weight-bearing AP knee radiographs, a femoral condyle/lateral tibial eminence superimposition was defined as a positive winking sign. Using digitally reconstructed radiographs of the 3D models, susceptibility of the winking sign to vertical/horizontal AP knee radiograph malrotation was investigated.

Results
A positive winking sign was present in 30/77 knees (39.0%) and indicated a 6.3 ± 1.4° increase in femorotibial rotation (p < 0.001). Femoral condyle/tibial eminence superimposition of 1.9 mm detected an increased femorotibial rotation (> 15°) with 43% sensitivity and 90% specificity (AUC = 0.72; p = 0.002). A positive winking sign (with 2 mm overlap) disappeared in case of a 10° horizontally or 15° vertically malrotated radiograph, whereas a 4 mm overlap did not disappear at all, regardless of the quality of the radiograph. In absence of a winking sign, on the other hand, no superimposition resulted within 20° of vertical/horizontal image malrotation. Femorotibial rotation was positively correlated to TT–TG (R2 = 0.40, p = 0.001) and patellar tilt (R2 = 0.30, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
The winking sign reliably indicates an increased femorotibial rotation on a weight-bearing AP knee radiograph and could prove useful for day-by-day clinical work. Future research needs to investigate whether femorotibial rotation is not only a prognostic factor but a potential surgical target in patients with patellofemoral disorders.

Level of evidence
III.
A proof of the Donaldson–Thomas crepant resolution conjecture
Authors: Beentjes Sjoerd Viktor , Calabrese John , Rennemo Jørgen Vold 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe prove the crepant resolution conjecture for Donaldson–Thomas invariants of hard Lefschetz 3-Calabi–Yau (CY3) orbifolds, formulated by Bryan–Cadman–Young, interpreting the statement as an equality of rational functions. In order to do so, we show that the generating series of stable pair invariants on any CY3 orbifold is the expansion of a rational function. As a corollary, we deduce a symmetry of this function induced by the derived dualising functor. Our methods also yield a proof of the orbifold DT/PT correspondence for multi-regular curve classes on hard Lefschetz CY3 orbifolds.
Utility of Cone-Beam CT for Bronchial Artery Embolization and Chemoinfusion: A Single-Institution Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Liu Michael Y. , Rose Steven C. , Loh Alexander , Taddonio Michael , Redmond Jonas W. , Meisinger Quinn C. , Minocha Jeet , Berman Zachary T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the technique and document utility of adjunctive cone-beam CT (CBCT) in patients undergoing bronchial artery embolization (BAE) or chemoinfusion (BAC).

Materials and Methods
Between August 2010 and February 2021, 26 patients (62 bronchial arteries) were evaluated with CBCT in addition to the usual digital subtraction angiography (DSA) during BAE or BAC. 19 patients (43 arteries) underwent BAE for hemoptysis; 7 patients (19 arteries) had BAC for palliation of lung malignancy. Retrospective review of procedural reports and the archived DSA and CBCT images was assessed for (1) whether CBCT findings added unique diagnostic information prior to treatment of target arteries compared to DSA alone; and (2) whether these unique CBCT findings led to modification of embolization or chemoinfusion technique.

Results
In 61 of 62 (98%) interrogated bronchial arteries, CBCT provided additional unique diagnostic information over planar DSA, primarily cross-sectional assessment of the spinal canal for spinal arteries. In 46/62 (74%) of the bronchial arteries the unique information did not lead to a change in therapeutic technique. In 15 bronchial arteries (24%), the added information from CBCT led to change in embolization and/or chemoinfusion technique. Embolization of one small unrecognized spinal artery branch (1.6%), which was missed intra-procedurally but retrospectively seen on CBCT led to transient spinal cord ischemia.

Conclusions
These results suggest that adjunctive use of CBCT technique may improve diagnostic confidence from information provided by DSA in nearly all cases of BAE and BAC leading to improved therapeutic targeting or change in technique of embolization or chemoinfusion.
Erwartungseffekte beim Absetzen von Antidepressiva
Authors: Nestoriuc Yvonne 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungErwartungseffekte bei Antidepressiva wurden in zahlreichen randomisierten Studien und Metaanalysen nachgewiesen. In den Placebogruppen zeigten sich sowohl relevante Verbesserungen der depressiven Erkrankungen (Ansprechraten: Placebo 40 % vs. Verum 50 %) als auch belastende Nebenwirkungen im Sinne von Noceboeffekten. Diese Befunde unterstreichen den Einfluss individueller Erwartungshaltungen auf die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Antidepressiva und legen nahe, dass diese auch beim Absetzen relevant sind. Das Absetzen von Antidepressiva kann mit belastenden Beschwerden wie Schwindel, Schlaflosigkeit und Reizbarkeit verbunden sein. Diese sog. Absetzsymptome sind in der Mehrzahl der Fälle mild und klingen nach wenigen Tagen bis Wochen wieder ab. Sind Patient:innen allerdings nicht auf solche möglichen Beschwerden vorbereitet, kann deren Auftreten Ängste vor einem Rückfall oder einer Abhängigkeit auslösen. Insbesondere, wenn das Absetzen ohne ärztliche und psychologische Begleitung stattfindet, können Absetzsymptome leicht mit dem Wiederauftreten einer Depression verwechselt werden. In der aktuellen Versorgungspraxis finden sich zunehmend Berichte zu missglückten Absetzversuchen und entsprechend negativen Erwartungen an das Absetzen. Erwartungen lassen sich vornehmlich in der Interaktion mit Behandelnden und über die Patient:innen-Information verändern. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert therapeutische Strategien zum Umgang mit Absetzsymptomen mit dem Ziel, Erwartungen, angepasst an individuelle Vorerfahrungen, zu optimieren. Um realistische Erwartungen zu erarbeiten und den Absetzprozess durch eine therapeutische Begleitung positiv zu beeinflussen, können Strategien wie Psychoedukation, Framing, die Aufklärung über Placebo- und Noceboeffekte sowie die Erarbeitung von Coping-Strategien eingesetzt werden.
Some Reversing Orbits for a Rattleback Model
Authors: Arioli Gianni , Koch Hans 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA physical rattleback is a toy that can exhibit counter-intuitive behavior when spun on a horizontal plate. Most notably, it can spontaneously reverse its direction of rotation. Using a standard mathematical model of the rattleback, we prove the existence of reversing motion, reversing motion combined with rolling, and orbits that exhibit such behavior repeatedly.
Die Folgen eines russischen Erdgasembargos
Authors: Grimm Veronika , Löschel Andreas , Pittel Karen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSanctions and their effectiveness are at the centre of the discussion about an appropriate response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. At the latest since the atrocities of the war became evident and payment for gas supplies in roubles was brought into play, voices calling for a natural gas embargo have been growing. In the discussion about the possible consequences of such an embargo, forecasts vary from serious but manageable effects on economic development to mass unemployment and deindustrialisation. Regarding the short run, the main question is: How much of Russian natural gas supply can be replaced and saved by next winter. We provide an overview of existing analyses on savings and substitution potentials, followed by some fundamental policy principles aimed at dealing with a halt in Russian natural gas supplies.
Ist ökologischer oder konventioneller Landbau besser für die Biodiversität?
Authors: Maurer Rainer 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungÖkologischer und konventioneller Landbau wirken sich unterschiedlich auf die Biodiversität aus. Zwei gegenläufige Effekte sind dabei zu berücksichtigen: Die höhere Biodiversität auf den Flächen des ökologischen Landbaus und der geringere Flächenverbrauch des konventionellen Landbaus. Eine Bewertung beider Effekte auf der Basis empirischer Daten zeigt, dass die höhere Biodiversität auf ökologisch bestellten Flächen nicht ausreicht, um den höheren Flächenverbrauch des ökologischen Landbaus auszugleichen: So sinkt bei einer vollständigen Umstellung auf ökologischen Landbau der Ertrag im Vergleich zum konventionellen Landbau um mindestens 50 %, während die Gesamtbiodiversität um ca. 108 % ansteigen würde. Bei einer ertragsgleichen Reduzierung des konventionellen Landbaus könnten dagegen 50 % der jetzigen Nutzfläche renaturiert werden. Dies würde zu einem Anstieg der Gesamtbiodiversität um ca. 317 % führen.
Influence of different LCIA methods on an exemplary scenario analysis from a process development LCA case study
Authors: Koch Daniel , Friedl Anton , Mihalyi Bettina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLife cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods quantify the impact of life cycle inventory data within each impact category by means of classification and characterization. This paper evaluated whether the selected LCIA method influenced the life cycle assessment (LCA) scenario analysis for decision support in process development and its possible reasons. For this study, a scenario analysis was used from a biorefinery LCA case study, as this is a key practice in process development. The analysis was investigated using various LCIA methods for the three midpoint impact categories of global warming potential (GWP, 12 LCIA methods totaling 48 subcategories), eutrophication potential (EP, 9 LCIA methods totaling 18 subcategories), and water assessment (WA, 10 LCIA methods totaling 26 subcategories). The GWP category showed consistent interpretations for the scenario analysis from different LCIA methods. The subcategory of marine EP from the two LCIA methods disagreed on the best-case scenario. Another discrepancy was identified within the three general EP indicators, where the trend of the scenario analysis was inverted in one method because of the sensitivity of a single substance (ethanol). Within the subcategories of WA, the inclusion or exclusion of hydropower water impacts changed the scenario analysis in the blue water use and total freshwater use subcategories, and the general WA indicators also disagreed on the best-case scenario. It is important to understand these influences and the reasons behind the variations for decision support in process development.
Speech Development Across Subgroups of Autistic Children: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Broome Kate , McCabe Patricia , Docking Kimberley , Doble Maree , Carrigg Bronwyn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSubgroups of children with different speech profiles have been described however, little is known about the trajectories of speech development or stability of subgroups over time. This longitudinal study described both speech trajectories and subgroup stability of 22 autistic children, aged 2;0–6;11 years, over 12 months. Independent and relational speech analyses, vocabulary size and nonverbal communication were used in clustering. Results suggest varied speech trajectories, particularly for children with ‘low language and low speech’ at Time 1. Receptive vocabulary and consonant inventory at Time 1 may predict speech outcomes after 12 months. A small subgroup of children (n = 3) present with low expressive vocabulary and speech but higher receptive vocabulary and use of gestures. This unique profile remained stable.
Illness Perceptions, Coping, Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Outcomes in Cervical Dystonia
Authors: O’Connor Sarah , Hevey David , O’Keeffe Fiadhnait 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examined the predictive ability of the Common-Sense Model to explain psychological outcomes in cervical dystonia, a movement disorder that affects the muscles of the head and neck. Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised, brief COPE, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile and the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory were completed by 118 people with cervical dystonia. Correlations and hierarchical multiple regression models were conducted. Illness perceptions and coping strategies explained 59% of variance in anxiety, 61% of variance in depression and health-related quality of life and 19% of variance in post-traumatic growth. Illness perceptions and coping strategies are significant factors to consider in terms of psychological adjustment and outcomes in cervical dystonia. Psychological interventions targeting illness perceptions and coping strategies may be beneficial in improving psychological outcomes for people with cervical dystonia.
Effects of Ethnic Classification on Substantive Findings in Adolescent Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Yao Esther S. , Bullen Pat , Meissel Kane , Tiatia Jemaima , Fleming Theresa , Clark Terryann C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough most adolescents are healthy, epidemiological studies show that a significant number experience mental health challenges, and that Indigenous and ethnic minority youth tend to have poorer mental health outcomes. However, ethnic classification in adolescence is complex due to increasing multi-ethnic identification, and little is known about how different classification methods affect research conclusions. This study used a nationally representative adolescent sample from Aotearoa New Zealand (N = 8275; ages 12–18; 55% female; 32% multi-ethnic) to investigate the effects that five ethnic classification methods have on substantive findings in three mental health outcomes: overall psychosocial difficulties, deliberate self-harm, and suicide attempts. The results showed that, depending on the classification method used, reported outcomes within the same nominal ethnic group varied by an effect size (d) of up to 0.12, and the reported magnitude of difference between nominal ethnic groups varied by an effect size (d) of up to 0.25. These effects are substantial given that they are solely due to a change in method. The impact that ethnic classification method has on substantive findings highlights the importance of criticality and transparency in research involving ethnicity data.
Lifting symmetry breaking constraints with inductive logic programming
Authors: Tarzariol Alice , Gebser Martin , Schekotihin Konstantin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEfficient omission of symmetric solution candidates is essential for combinatorial problem-solving. Most of the existing approaches are instance-specific and focus on the automatic computation of Symmetry Breaking Constraints (SBCs) for each given problem instance. However, the application of such approaches to large-scale instances or advanced problem encodings might be problematic since the computed SBCs are propositional and, therefore, can neither be meaningfully interpreted nor transferred to other instances. As a result, a time-consuming recomputation of SBCs must be done before every invocation of a solver. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a new model-oriented approach for Answer Set Programming that lifts the SBCs of small problem instances into a set of interpretable first-order constraints using the Inductive Logic Programming paradigm. Experiments demonstrate the ability of our framework to learn general constraints from instance-specific SBCs for a collection of combinatorial problems. The obtained results indicate that our approach significantly outperforms a state-of-the-art instance-specific method as well as the direct application of a solver.
Impact of a clinical pharmacist on medication safety in mental health Hospital-in-the-Home: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Farag Mechaiel , Hoti Kreshnik , Hughes Jeff , Chalmers Leanne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntegration of clinical pharmacists into multidisciplinary Mental Health Hospital-in-the-Home teams is increasing but little is known about the medication safety contribution these pharmacists make.AimTo evaluate whether clinical pharmacist involvement in a Mental Health Hospital-in-the-Home service improved medication safety key performance indicators.MethodMedical records were retrospectively reviewed of all patients admitted to 2 Western Australian Mental Health Hospital-in-the-Home services from September to November 2015.Site 1was a 16-bed service incorporating a clinical pharmacist as part of its multidisciplinary team.Site 2was a similarly structured 18-bed service but without clinical pharmacist involvement. The primary outcome measure was completion of medication safety key performance indicators obtained from the Western Australian Government Pharmaceutical Review Policy and mental health-specific best practice guidelines.ResultsKey performance indicators fromSite 1(n = 75 records), which incorporated a clinical pharmacist, demonstrated significantly (p < 0.001) higher rates of completion of medication reconciliation [65 (87%) versus 17 (29%)], accurate adverse drug reaction list [73 (97%) versus 34 (58%)], accurate discharge medication list [51 (74%) versus 18 (45%)], accurate medication profile [74 (99%) versus 40 (68%)] and medication chart review [74 (99%) versus 0 (0%)] thanSite 2(n = 59).ConclusionIntegrating a clinical pharmacist into a Mental Health Hospital-in-the-Home program significantly improved achievement of medication safety key performance indicators.