bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and factors associated with HIV viral load non-suppression among treatment-experienced female sex workers in Kenya: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mulinge Martin M. , Kimani Humphrey , Inziani Mary , Bwana Priska , Kibui Nancy K. , Wainaina Joseph , Sitati James , Kimani Joshua , Mwau Matilu 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Transactional sexual relations in the absence of condom use is a well-established behaviour that strongly contributes to HIV transmission if the infected person is not virally suppressed. In this study, we determined the trends and factors associated with VLNS among treatment-experienced FSWs in Kenya.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study used data collected from 7-sex workers outreach clinics between 2015 and 2022. VLNS trends were determined using the Modified Mann-Kendall test, and the effects of covariates on VLNS odds were examined using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with a logit link.

Results:
12,117 viral load tests were performed on samples collected from 1,947 FSWs. The prevalence of VLNS decreased from 25.5% (95%CI 17.6–34.6) in 2016 to 4.3% (95%CI 2.5–6.7) in 2021. The odds of VLNS decreased by 9% per year during the study period in the multivariable GEE analysis adjusted for covariates (regimen, age, and sex worker outreach program (SWOP) clinic), (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.84–0.98; P = 0.005). Age was a significant factor associated with VLNS, with younger women (18–24 years) having 2.2 times higher odds of VLNS (OR 2.15 95%CI 1.10–4.20; P = 0.025) than those aged >55 years (reference). Subjects on dolutegravir (DTG)-based cART regimen had 64% lower odds of VLNS (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.25–0.52; P < 0.001) compared to those on PI-based regimen.

Conclusions:
There is a strong evidence of decreasing population level viremia among FSWs during the study period. To maintain the trend, it is necessary to continue supporting SWOP clinics in order to provide HIV treatment services to this key population.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and its associations with antiretroviral therapy among veterans with HIV
Authors: Vyas Kartavya J. , Marconi Vincent C. , Agan Brian K. , Sullivan Patrick S. , Lyles Robert H. , Guest Jodie L. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may affect antiretroviral therapy (ART) response and clinical outcomes for veterans with HIV (VWH) receiving care in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Objectives are to estimate the associations between PTSD and ART nonadherence, modifications, and failure; measure effect modification by number of deployments and combat exposure; and examine how these associations vary over time.

Design:
In this prospective cohort study of all VWH on ART who deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan and receive care in the VA (n = 3206), patients entered at ART initiation and were censored in December 2022, totaling 22 261 person-years of follow-up.

Methods:
Marginal structural log-binomial and Poisson models were fitted with a time-dependent exposure, adjusted for time-independent and time-dependent confounding and informative censoring, to estimate the associations between PTSD and ART nonadherence, modifications, and failure. Marginal structural shared frailty models were fitted to examine time-varying associations.

Results:
PTSD increased the risk [adjusted risk ratio, 95% confidence interval (CI)] of ART nonadherence by 6% (1.06 [1.00, 1.13]) and the rate (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 95% CI) of ART modifications by 38% (1.38 [1.19, 1.58]). Multiple deployments amplified the association with ART nonadherence by 14%; combat exposure did not modify any association examined. The association with ART modifications increased during the first decade post-PTSD-diagnosis but subsequently stabilized.

Conclusions:
PTSD increased ART nonadherence and ART modifications. Providers should screen for PTSD so that it can help guide medical decisions and treatment; particular attention should be paid to Veterans with multiple combat deployments.
Efficient evacuation — enhanced survival: Insights from Gaza conflict trauma care
Authors: Fogel Itay , Balziano Snir , Tunik Michal , Prat Dan , Barzilay Ran , Greenstein Nehemia 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Combat-related injuries have evolved in urban warfare because of close-contact engagements and high-energy blast injuries, with rapid medical evacuation improving survival rates. This study analyzes injury patterns and outcomes in the Gaza conflict, emphasizing the need to optimize trauma care protocols in modern combat environments, particularly because of the unique proximity of conflict zones to tertiary trauma centers.

METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted at a single center involving 189 patients evacuated by helicopter to a Level I tertiary trauma center. Subgroup analysis based on Injury Severity Scores was performed.

RESULTS
Shrapnel impacts were the leading cause of injuries (58.7%), followed by blast injuries (48.1%) and gunshot wounds (30.7%). Extremity injuries were most common (61.4%), with 46.3% of patients needing surgery within 24 hours, mainly orthopedic procedures (75.3%). The average hospital stay was 21.9 days. In-hospital mortality rate was 4.2% (two patients). Infections occurred in 17.9% of cases, with fungal infections at 8.9% and bacterial infections at 15.3%.

CONCLUSION
In modern urban warfare, effective medical interventions play a crucial role in mitigating challenges. This study emphasizes the importance of rapid evacuation and advanced trauma management, reflected in low in-hospital mortality rates, highlighting the significance of timely interventions, personal protective equipment, specialized orthopedic trauma care, and robust infection control measures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level III.
On the Estimation of the Time-Dependent Transmission Rate in Epidemiological Models
Authors: Zubelli Jorge P. , Loria Jennifer , Albani Vinicius V. L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to improve the modeling, estimation, and prediction of how infectious diseases spread. SEIR-like models have been particularly successful in providing accurate short-term predictions.This study fills a notable literature gap by exploring the following question: Is it possible to incorporate a nonparametric susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) COVID-19 model into the inverse-problem regularization framework when the transmission coefficient varies over time?Our positive response considers varying degrees of disease severity, vaccination, and other time-dependent parameters. In addition, we demonstrate the continuity, differentiability, and injectivity of the operator that link the transmission parameter to the observed infection numbers.By employing Tikhonov-type regularization to the corresponding inverse problem, we establish the existence and stability of regularized solutions. Numerical examples using both synthetic and real data illustrate the model’s estimation accuracy and its ability to fit the data effectively.
Automated Digital Biomarker Discovery Pipeline for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Manimaran Gouthamaan , Puthusserypady Sadasivan , Dominguez Helena , Bardram Jakob E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating early and accurate diagnosis to prevent severe outcomes such as Heart Failure (HF). Despite the widespread use of Electrocardiogram (ECG) for cardiac monitoring, traditional methods often miss subtle preclinical changes. In this paper, we present an automated digital biomarker discovery pipeline that leverages explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to enhance the interpretability and clinical applicability of ECG-based biomarkers for CVDs. Using an inter-pretable feature extractor combined with unsupervised clustering and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO), our method identifies both known and novel ECG features associated with high CVD risk. These include established markers like RR Interval Sample Entropy and the discovery of novel biomarkers such as T-Wave Multiscale Entropy, which we found to be significantly associated with CVD risk. Our pipeline enhances early detection by bridging Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods with clinical relevance, providing interpretable insights that align with physiological principles. This transparency promotes clinician trust and supports the integration of AI into routine medical practice. Our results demonstrate that this approach can significantly improve the prediction and understanding of heart diseases, thus offering a powerful tool for reducing the global burden of CVDs.
Cycling Molecular Assemblies for Selective Cancer Cell Golgi Disruption
Authors: Tan Weiyi , Zhang Qiuxin , Liu Zhiyu , Qiu Kangqiang , Mahajan Divyanshu , Gerton Thomas , Copperman Noah , Xia Chaoshuang , Lin Cheng , Lau William , Lee Mikki , Ashton-Rickardt Isabela , Hong Pengyu , Dinulescu Daniela , Hsieh Jer-Tsong , Loeb David , Drapkin Ronny , Diao Jiajie , Lu Lei , Xu Bing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Golgi apparatus is a critical organelle responsible for intracellular trafficking and signaling, orchestrating essential processes such as protein and lipid sorting1–5. Dysregulation of its function has been implicated in various pathologies, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer, highlighting its importance as a potential therapeutic target. Despite this, the development of tools to selectively target the Golgi in specific cell types remain a significant unmet challenge in imaging and drug discovery. Golgi-specific enzyme activities, such as those mediated by protein acyltransferases and thioesterases6, offer an untapped opportunity to develop subcellularly localized therapeutics. Current approaches predominantly rely on direct protein binding but lack the necessary cell selectivity7, underscoring the unmet need for innovative strategies to selectively disrupt Golgi function in cancer cells. Here, we report the development of cycling molecular assemblies (CyMA), a novel class of small peptide derivatives (e.g., dipeptides), which exploit the unique enzymatic environment of the Golgi to establish futile cycles of reversible S-acylation. These assemblies selectively accumulate in cancer cell Golgi, interfering with protein S-acylation cycles and disrupting organelle homeostasis. CyMA impair key Golgi functions, including protein trafficking, glycosylation, and secretion, while demonstrating selective sparing hepatocytes and immune cells such as M1 macrophages. This selective activity represents a paradigm shift, utilizing an enzyme switch and leveraging intracellular environment rather than direct protein binding. Unlike conventional approaches, CyMA reduce tumor growth, drug resistance, and metastasis by pleiotropically disrupting Golgi related functions. By demonstrating the potential of futile cycles as a therapeutic strategy8, this study introduces a generalizable method for targeting organelle-specific enzyme activities. These findings not only underscore the therapeutic potential of CyMA in cancer but also pave the way for future applications in other Golgi-associated diseases.
Electrospinning of hydroxypropyl chitosan nanofibers for bone regeneration application
Authors: Wang Junmei , Xiong Jie , Li Guozhao , Zhou Ziliang , Yang Yanyan , He Lu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo study the effect of electrospinning nanofiber mats synthesized using hydroxypropyl chitosan in conjugation with poly (vinyl alcohol) on the osteogenesis in MC3T3 cell, we fabricated different ratios of hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCH) and poly (vinyl alcohol) to electrospin the nanofiber mats, the mechanical and physical properties of nanofiber mats were tested by using SEM, FT-IR and conventional methods. Then the effect of the electrospinning mats on osteogenesis in MC3T3 cell were evaluated by Alizarin Red stain, ALP stain and expression of relevant genes. We found that the nanofiber mats fabricated by hydroxypropyl chitosan (50%) and poly (vinyl alcohol)(50%) can induce osteoblast differentiation apparently in MC3T3 cell.
Mumemto: efficient maximal matching across pangenomes
Authors: Shivakumar Vikram S. , Langmead Ben 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAligning genomes into common coordinates is central to pangenome analysis and construction, but it is also computationally expensive. Multi-sequence maximal unique matches (multi-MUMs) are guideposts for core genome alignments, helping to frame and solve the multiple alignment problem. We introduce Mumemto, a tool that computes multi-MUMs and other match types across large pangenomes. Mumemto allows for visualization of synteny, reveals aberrant assemblies and scaffolds, and highlights pangenome conservation and structural variation. Mumemto computes multi-MUMs across 320 human genome assemblies (960GB) in 25.7 hours with under 800 GB of memory, and over hundreds of fungal genome assemblies in minutes. Mumemto is implemented in C++ and Python and available open-source athttps://github.com/vikshiv/mumemto.
VISTA-induced tumor suppression by a four amino acid intracellular motif
Authors: Zhao Yan , Andoh Tina , Charles Fatima , Reddy Priyanka , Paul Kristina , Goar Harsh , Durdana Ishrat , Golder Caiden , Hardy Ashley , Juntilla Marisa M. , Yang Soo-Ryum , Lin Chien-Yu , Sagiv-Barfi Idit , Geller Benjamin S. , Moore Stephen , Thakkar Dipti , Boyd-Kirkup Jerome D. , Peng Yan , Ford James M. , Telli Melinda L. , Zhang Song , Kurian Allison W. , West Robert B. , Yue Tao , Lipchik Andrew M. , Snyder Michael P. , Gruber Joshua J. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryVISTA is a key immune checkpoint receptor under investigation for cancer immunotherapy; however, its signaling mechanisms remain unclear. Here we identify a conserved four amino acid (NPGF) intracellular motif in VISTA that suppresses cell proliferation by constraining cell-intrinsic growth receptor signaling. The NPGF motif binds to the adapter protein NUMB and recruits Rab11 endosomal recycling machinery. We identify and characterize a class of triple-negative breast cancers with high VISTA expression and low proliferative index. In tumor cells with high VISTA levels, the NPGF motif sequesters NUMB at endosomes, which interferes with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) trafficking and signaling to suppress tumor growth. These effects do not require canonical VISTA ligands, nor a functioning immune system. As a consequence of VISTA expression, EGFR receptor remains abnormally phosphorylated and cannot propagate ligand-induced signaling. Mutation of the VISTA NPGF domain reverts VISTA-induced growth suppression in multiple breast cancer mouse models. These results define a mechanism by which VISTA represses NUMB to control malignant epithelial cell growth and signaling. They also define distinct intracellular residues that are critical for VISTA-induced cell-intrinsic signaling that could be exploited to improve immunotherapy.
Vesicular glutamate release is necessary for neural tube formation
Authors: Goyal Raman , Castro Patricio A. , Levin Jacqueline B. , Shim Sangwoo , Mizuno Grace Or , Tian Lin , Borodinsky Laura N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe brain and spinal cord originate from a neural tube that is preceded by a flat structure known as the neural plate during early embryogenesis. In humans, failure of the neural plate to convert into a tube by the fourth week of pregnancy leads to neural tube defects (NTDs), birth defects with serious neurological consequences. The signaling mechanisms governing the process of neural tube morphogenesis are unclear. Here we show that inXenopus laevisembryos, neural plate cells release glutamate during neural plate folding in a Ca2+and vesicular glutamate transporter-1 (VGluT1)-dependent manner. Vesicular release of glutamate elicits Ca2+transients in neural plate cells that correlate with activation of Erk1/2. Knocking down or out VGluT1 leads to NTDs through increased expression of Sox2, neural stem cell transcription factor, and neural plate cell proliferation. Exposure during early pregnancy to neuroactive drugs that disrupt these signaling mechanisms might increase the risk of NTDs in offspring.
A taxonomy for augmented reality use cases in the AECO industry
Authors: Ghorbani Zahra , Ayer Steven K. , Messner John I. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
A significant challenge arises from the inconsistent terminology used to describe augmented reality (AR) technology, leading to confusion and hindered communication. The purpose of this paper is to address the absence of a comprehensive taxonomy to define AR use cases in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation (AECO) domain and present a structured approach to developing one.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature review was conducted to identify AR use cases and use case taxonomies in the AECO and other industry domains in the Compendex database. This review resulted in the identification of 315 AR use cases. From the identified taxonomies, one was selected based on its comprehensiveness, relevance and applicability to the AECO industry. Leveraging this taxonomy from the manufacturing domain, this study validated, refined and added classes to the taxonomy through a content analysis of the existing AECO AR use cases. Additional critical categories were identified from existing taxonomies to enhance the taxonomy. A subset of 63 use cases was then used to validate the refined taxonomy.

Findings
The resulting taxonomy comprises two main dimensions: context-related and technology-related. The context-related dimension encompasses six classes, including the field of application, effect level, manual action category, context awareness capability, collaboration mode and interaction functions. The technology-related dimension encompasses the aim of augmentation, proximity to reality, hardware, location, content positioning, time and scale.

Originality/value
The taxonomy provides a comprehensive framework for categorizing and understanding AR use cases in the AECO industry using the domain language. By providing a structured framework for exploring AR applications, the proposed taxonomy may not only facilitate standardized communication but also foster creativity when designing an AR use case.
Foreign direct investment, salaries and wages: empirical evidence from Palestine and Jordan
Authors: Al-Khazaleh Suhaib , Badwan Nemer , Qubbaj Ihab , Qasem Safa , Sleimi Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare salaries, wages and foreign direct investment (FDI) while focusing on Palestine and Jordan. The world development indicators (WDI) time series data, which spans the years 2000–2020, was used in this investigation.Design/methodology/approachThe study used time-series data from 2000 to 2020, which was collected from the (WDI). This research's methodology is driven by the variables and data it uses, and the design is predicated on the fact that we gathered secondary data in addition to the national characteristics of Jordan and Palestine. The statistical approach of econometrics is used to construct linear techniques like regression models and null hypothesis testing. Econometrics is an additional method for predicting future trends in the economy.FindingsThe results demonstrate that FDI has a statistically significant and favourable effect on salaries and wages in Palestine and Jordan. The statistical impact of unemployment on wages and salaries is small, but it harms Palestine and Jordan. GDP per capita has a statistically significant effect on salaries and wages, although it does so in Jordan adversely and in Palestine positively. In Palestine, the labour force has a statistically substantial and favourable influence on wages and salaries; in Jordan, however, this impact is not as great. FDI boosts employment prospects when business owners, entrepreneurs and other stakeholders establish new ventures overseas.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study have some policy implications. Investors must open new businesses abroad, and FDI increases possibilities and creates new employment. As a consequence, residents may earn more money and have more purchasing power, which will support the growth of the targeted economies in Jordan and Palestine. By enhancing the investment climate, the governments of Jordan and Palestine should encourage the flow of international direct investment. Low-technology companies and construction projects are more susceptible to the direct implications of FDI. To maximize the policy's effectiveness, both governments ought to devise specific measures to attract FDI to key economic sectors.Originality/valueThe study provides insight into how FDI enhances business opportunities when business owners, entrepreneurs and other stakeholders create new ventures abroad and locally within the two countries. This study contributes to the literature as it is considered the first study to address the impact of the relationship of FDI with wages and salaries in the Palestinian and Jordanian contexts. This study is also considered one of the very few studies that conducted empirical research from 2000 to 2020 to estimate the importance and impact of the relationship between FDI and wages or salaries.
Cybersecurity management: an empirical analysis of dynamic capabilities framework for enhancing cybersecurity intelligence
Authors: Pigola Angelica , da Costa Priscila Rezende 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a dynamic capabilities framework in cybersecurity (DCCI) and explore its potential to explain organizations’ cybersecurity intelligence (CI). This study aims to develop and empirically test the DCCI framework, which encompasses key dimensions for enhancing CI across various business sectors.

Design/methodology/approach
The DCCI framework was designed through an extensive literature review and tested using data from 207 cybersecurity experts across diverse regions. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the contribution of the DCCI framework’s components to CI.

Findings
Results indicate a positive association between the “doing” and “improving” dimensions of the DCCI framework and the development of CI. However, the “enabling” and “managing” dimensions did not exhibit a significant contribution to CI. These findings suggest that CI is a multifaceted concept shaped by certain dynamic capabilities within cybersecurity practices.

Practical implications
The DCCI framework introduces a structured approach to developing and enhancing CI, with practical applications for businesses and broader societal contexts aiming to improve cybersecurity strategies and resilience.

Originality/value
This study provides a novel framework for DCCI, offering valuable insights into how specific dynamic capabilities support CI. By addressing gaps in cybersecurity models, the framework adds practical and theoretical dimensions to understanding CI and the evolving needs of cybersecurity.