bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First detection of Leptospira santarosai in the reproductive track of a boar: A potential threat to swine production and public health
Authors: Diaz Eduardo A. , Luna Ligia , Burgos-Mayorga Ana , Donoso Gustavo , Guzman Diego A. , Baquero María Ines , Pearson Talima , Barragan Veronica Alexandra 
Published: September 2022

Background
Leptospirosis causes significant economic losses and is an occupational risk in the swine industry, especially in developing tropical regions where social and geoclimatic conditions are favorable for the transmission of this disease. Although vaccination can reduce infection risk, efficacy is diminished if local genetic and antigenic variants of the pathogen are not accounted for in the vaccine. Identifying and characterizing strains hosts, and potential mechanisms of transmission is therefore critical for public health mitigation practices.

Methodology/Principal findings
Our study was conducted on a rural breeding farm in Ecuador, where we used a PCR assay that targets lipL32 to detect Leptospira spp. and targeted gene sequencing to identify Leptospira santarosai in the kidneys, testicles, and ejaculate of a vaccinated boar. MAT results showed low titers against serovars found in the vaccine, but the MAT panel did not include serovars of L. santarosai. The boar showed no symptoms of leptospirosis but did show blood in the semen. However, no postmortem histopathological lesions were observed tissue samples. Vaccinated sows that were artificially inseminated with the semen from this boar had reproductive problems, suggesting that transmission had occurred. This is the first documented case of Leptospira santarosai in the reproductive tract of a boar.

Conclusions/Significance
As L. santarosai is pathogenic in other livestock species and humans, our finding highlights the need to evaluate the prevalence and epidemiological significance of this pathogen in livestock and consider the possibility of venereal transmission. In addition, further studies are needed to identify and characterize local serovars that may impact diagnosis and vaccination programs to better control leptospirosis in livestock and spillover into the human population.
Magnitude and risks of overweight/obesity among adults in Welkite town, Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Fikre Alemayehu , Shehmolo Muze , Boti Negussie , Oumer Bilcha , Tenalem Belaynesh , Kibru Sahle , Temesgen Gebremaryam , Gebru Zeleke 
Published: September 2022

Background
Currently, adult overweight/obesity affects a high proportion of the population in low and middle-income countries, mostly in urban areas. Although some studies have been conducted on overweight/obesity in Ethiopia, most of them have focused on school children and adolescents, and there is limited evidence of overweight/obesity among adults at the community level. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the magnitude of overweight/obesity and risk factors among adults in Welkite town, Southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A Community-based cross-sectional study was done among 524 adults aged 18 and more years in Welkite town, Southern Ethiopia, from February through March 2020. A multistage sampling technique was undertaken to recruit study participants. An interviewer-guided structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Overweight or obesity was identified using body mass index. The bivariate and multivariate analyses were employed to see an association using binary logistic regression.

Results
The magnitude of overweight and obesity was 22.2% (95% CI: 0.19, 0.26). Being female (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.34, 4.27), age group 30–47 years (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.52, 6.97) and 48–66 years (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.07, 6.08), average monthly income (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.51, 4.60), had own transport (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.93), eating meat ≥ four times per week (AOR = 3.33, 95% CI: 1.03, 10.74), not involve vigorous-intensity activity (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.55, 5.64), spent sitting or reclining ≥181 minutes per day (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.08, 3.26), and consuming alcohol (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.82) were risks for overweight and obesity.

Conclusions
The magnitude of overweight and obesity among adults was high. Factors such as being female, increasing age, physical inactivity, having own transportation, high average monthly income, eating meat, sitting or reclining more and equal to 181+ minutes per day, and consumption of alcohol increased the risk of overweight and obesity significantly. Hence, preventive interventions focusing on females, age groups of 30-66yrs, encouraging Physical activity, reducing meat frequency, and reducing alcohol consumption are essential to prevent the emergence of adulthood overweight/obesity.
Recent advances on melt-spun fibers from biodegradable polymers and their composites
Authors: Motloung Mpho Phillip , Mofokeng Tladi Gideon , Mokhena Teboho Clement , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have become important in different fields of application, where biodegradability and biocompatibility are required. Herein, the melt spinning of biodegradable polymers including poly(lactic acid), poly(butylene succinate), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and their biocomposites is critically reviewed. Biodegradable polymer fibers with added functionalities are in high demand for various applications, including biomedical, textiles, and others. Melt spinning is a suitable technique for the development of biodegradable polymer fibers in a large-scale quantity, and fibers with a high surface area can be obtained with this technique. The processing variables during spinning have a considerable impact on the resulting properties of the fibers. Therefore, in this review, the processing-property relationship in biodegradable polymers, blends, and their composites is provided. The morphological characteristics, load-bearing properties, and the potential application of melt-spun biodegradable fibers in various sectors are also provided.
Genetic testing in adults with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy – what do we know?
Authors: Krey Ilona , Johannesen Kathrine M. , Kohnen Oona , Lemke Johannes R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Knowledge of underlying genetic causes of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) in adults is still limited when compared to the routine diagnostic approach in similarly affected children.
A well-documented longitudinal study of adults with DEE is of utmost importance to understand the natural history of the respective entity. This information is of great value especially for genetic counselling of newly diagnosed children with identical genetic diagnoses and may impact treatment and management of affected individuals.
In our meta-analysis we provide an overview of the most recurrent genetic findings across an adult DEE cohort (

n
=
1
,
020

n=1,020

). The gene mostly associated with a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in adult DEE is SCN1A, followed by MECP2 and CHD2. Studies employing exome sequencing and calling of both single nucleotide variants and copy number variants are associated with diagnostic yields of almost 50 %.
Finally, we highlight three remarkable cases, each representing the oldest individual ever published with their genetic diagnosis, i. e., Angelman syndrome, Miller–Dieker syndrome, and CAMK2A-related disorder, and describe lessons learned from each of these adults.
Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel lead coordination polymer: [Pb(L)(1,3-bdc)]·2H2O
Authors: Li Ziru , Zhao Jiaqi , Lou Meiqi , Wang Xiuyan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel coordination polymer, [Pb(L)(1,3-bdc)]·2H2O (1), (L = 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, 1,3-H2bdc = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid) has been successfully prepared under hydrothermal conditions. The structure of 1 is a 1D chain structure, which further stacks together to form a 3D supramolecular architecture by π–π interactions and C–H⋯π interactions. In addition, the thermogravimetric analysis of 1 has been investigated.
The willingness of farmers to preserve sustainable food agricultural land in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Triyono  , Rahmawati Nur , Rozaki Zuhud , Widowaty Yeni , Permatasari Ane , Jumakir  , Waluyo  , Suparwoto  
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe land is one of the determining factors for sustainable agriculture. However, attention to the protection of agricultural land in economic development has not fully sided with the interests of agricultural development in the long term. The conversion of agricultural land because of the growth of the industrial and service sectors has displaced agricultural land, making this a serious problem for the existence and sustainability of agriculture. This study aims to analyze the willingness of farmers to maintain sustainable food agricultural land (SFAL) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study can contribute thoughts in the formulation of sustainable agricultural development policies. The survey was conducted on rice farmers at 25 observation points from eight irrigation source rivers spread across the Special Region of Yogyakarta. A total of 125 rice farmers were taken at simple random as the sample of this study. The determinants of farmers’ willingness were analyzed using binomial logistic regression. The results of the analysis show that education, the distance to irrigation sources, rural areas, farm income, and access to credit are factors that influence the willingness of farmers to maintain SFAL, especially rice plants. Therefore, it is important for farmers to maintain sustainable food fields through various programs such as extension, farming credit, production price incentives, and the provision of good irrigation facilities.
Militarization and Income Inequality in European Countries (2000–2017)
Authors: Caruso Raul , Antonella Biscione  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of militarization on income inequality. The analysis is conducted on a panel of 40 European countries over the period 2000–2017. The degree of militarization of a country is captured by means of the Global Militarization Index (GMI) and we employ the Gini index as a measure of inequality. The main findings show that militarization and inequality are positively associated. The findings appear to be robust. We also consider control variables related to military commitment, namely (i) conscription; (ii) NATO membership; (iii) involvement in an armed conflict. Interestingly conscription appears to be negatively associated with income inequality whereas an armed conflict and NATO membership show the opposite sign. For sake of robustness, we undertake the same estimations on alternative samples of countries and results are confirmed. Eventually, to deal with the issue of endogeneity, we apply the Lewbel, IV–GMM approach and results are confirmed.
Real scenario of metal ion sensor: is conjugated polymer helpful to detect hazardous metal ion
Authors: Umabharathi Pushparani Selvakumar , Karpagam Subramanian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Metal ions from natural and anthropogenic sources cause pollution to society and the environment is major concern in the present scenario. The deposition and contamination of metal ions in soil and water affect the biogeochemical cycles. Thus, it threatens the everyday life of living and non-living organisms. Reviews on the detection of metal ions through several techniques (Analytical methods, electrochemical techniques, and sensors) and materials (Nanoparticles, carbon dots (quantum dots), polymers, chiral molecules, metal-organic framework, carbon nanotubes, etc.) are addressed separately in the present literature. This review reveals the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques and materials for metal ion sensing with crucial factors. Furthermore, it focus on the capability of conjugated polymers (CPs) as metal ion sensors able to detect/sense hazardous metal ions from environmental samples. Six different routes can synthesize this type of CPs to get specific properties and better metal ion detecting capability in vast research areas. The metal ion detection by CP is time-independent, simple, and low cost compared to other materials/techniques. This review outlines recent literature on the conjugated polymer for cation, anion, and dual ion sensors. Over the last half decades published articles on the conjugated polymer are discussed and compared.
Increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis is closely associated with osteoporosis in women but not in men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yu Zhiyan , Wu Yueyue , Zhang Rui , Li Yue , Zang Shufei , Liu Jun 
Published: September 2022

Background
This study aimed to investigate the association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods
In this study, 1243 patients with T2DM (T2DM with coexistent NAFLD, n  = 760; T2DM with no NAFLD, n  = 483) were analysed. Non-invasive markers, NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4), were applied to evaluate NAFLD fibrosis risk.

Results
There was no significant difference in bone mineral density (BMD) between the NAFLD group and the non-NAFLD group or between males and females after adjusting for age, BMI and gender. In postmenopausal women, there was an increased risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio (OR): 4.41, 95% CI: 1.04–18.70, P = 0.039) in the FIB-4 high risk group compared to the low risk group. Similarly, in women with high risk NFS, there was an increased risk of osteoporosis (OR: 5.98, 95% CI: 1.40–25.60, P = 0.043) compared to the low risk group. Among men over 50 years old, there was no significant difference in bone mineral density between the NAFLD group and the non-NAFLD group and no significant difference between bone mineral density and incidence of osteopenia or osteoporosis among those with different NAFLD fibrosis risk.

Conclusion
There was a significant association of high risk for NAFLD liver fibrosis with osteoporosis in postmenopausal diabetic women but not men. In clinical practice, gender-specific evaluation of osteoporosis is needed in patients with T2DM and coexistent NAFLD.
Evaluation of clinical outcomes of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with hospitalization for COVID-19
Authors: Ozdemir Yusuf Emre , Kizilcay Burak , Sonmezisik Muge , Tarhan Muhammet Salih , Borcak Deniz , Sahin Ozdemir Meryem , Bayramlar Osman Faruk , Yesilbag Zuhal , Senoglu Sevtap , Gedik Habip , Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu Hayat , Kart Yasar Kadriye 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe aimed to compare vaccinated and unvaccinated patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in terms of disease severity, need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and death. In addition, we determined the factors affecting the COVID-19 severity in vaccinated patients. Patients aged 18–65 years who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between September and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed in three groups: unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated.A total of 854 patients were included. Mean age was 47.9 ± 10.6 years, 474 patients (55.5%) were male. Of these, 230 patients (26.9%) were fully vaccinated, 97 (11.3%) were partially vaccinated, and 527 (61.7%) were unvaccinated. Of the fully vaccinated patients, 67% (n = 153) were vaccinated with CoronaVac and 33% (n = 77) were vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech. All patients (n = 97) with a single dose were vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech. One hundred thirteen (13.2%) patients were transferred to ICU. A hundred (11.7%) patients were intubated and 77 (9.0%) patients died. Advanced age (P = 0.028, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, OR = 1.038) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (P < 0.001, 95% CI = 1.20–1.69, OR = 1.425) were associated with increased mortality, while being fully vaccinated (P = 0.008, 95% CI = 0.23–0.80, OR = 0.435) was associated with survival in multivariate analysis. Full dose vaccination reduced the need for ICU admission by 49.7% (95% CI = 17–70) and mortality by 56.5% (95% CI = 20–77). When the fully vaccinated group was evaluated, we found that death was observed more frequent in patients with CCI>3 (19.1 vs 5.8%, P < 0.01, OR = 3.7). Therefore, the booster vaccine especially in individuals with comorbidities should not be delayed, since the survival expectation is low in patients with a high comorbidity index.
Conceptual framework of the crowdfunding success factors – Review of the academic literature
Authors: Jáki Erika , Csepy Gábor , Kovács Nikolett 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The authors’ aim is to create a conceptual framework from the academic literature dealing with the success factors of crowdfunding campaigns. The authors reviewed high-quality empirical articles written in English between 2013 and 2018, gathered from five relevant databases and Q1–Q4 journals. The results and conclusions sections of the selected articles were coded and analyzed using the rules of the qualitative content analysis methodology. The authors found success factors analyzed by top researchers and grouped them into categories and themes. This paper provides a typology of the factors contributing to the success of crowdfunding campaigns which can be used as a framework for further research. The conclusions can help project initiators in the planning and execution phases of crowdfunding campaigns while creating a new perspective about crowdfunding campaign success forecasting.
Journey of an Information System in Railway Industry development approach through an enterprise framework
Authors: Jayakrishnan Mailasan , Mohamad Abdul Karim , Yusof Mokhtar Mohd 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn enterprise framework based on the philosophy research approach to Information System (IS) features a holistic view in an industry that allows room for technological advancement, an industry with increasing expectations and demands for IS drives towards a more integrated framework and rethinking of the concept of delivering insightful outcomes. The specific features of IS in this study focus on the information criteria for the daily assignment of the railway industry operations through an industry enterprise framework. The study objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of emerging knowledge from structuring IS and enterprise framework stages and their mashup characteristics in designing a model-driven development framework. The outcome will be a design of a strategic performance framework for a typical strategic performance application as the most vital outcome indicators, to focus on understanding the baseline of technology revolution (Industry Revolution 5.0) achievement to measure the transformation expected and the railway industry evaluation, based on the year-on-year target will be established. The usage of decision-making systems and strategic applications has increased massively to fulfill various kinds of purposes for organizations, businesses, and individuals. In this case, a high-quality decision-making system and strategic application are required to ensure it provides the intended functionalities.
Kewenangan Dokter Dalam Melakukan Eksekusi Hukuman Kebiri
Authors: Wiwik afifah  
Published: September 2022

Cases of child sexual violence increased last year including recurrent sexual violence, so Indonesia Government provide chemical castration in accordance with Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning Child Protection in Article 81 paragraph (7). The Indonesian Doctors Association refuses to be the executor of the castration, because it considers it as a chemical castration not from health services and contrary to the Medical Code of Ethics. This research focus on the doctor's authorithy to executing castration. This article is normative research with statutes approach and conceptual aproach. Research result explain about chemistry catastration can not execute due to the absence of implementing regulations regarding castration execution. Execution of court decisions is the authority of the Prosecutor, but in the case of special competencies, doctors can have that authority over legal authority. It cannot replace as violation of medical code of ethics because doctor have justification reasons, otherwise castration implementation will give contribution for vulnerable children to prevent sexual violence compared to the negative effect on 1 person who disputes. Convicted (sexual violance) is person with psychological problems related to his desire to have sex with children. This needs psychological and medical intervention, so doctors intervention is not violate the medical ethics because they take appropriate precautions.

Kasus kekerasan seksual anak semakin tahun semakin bertambah termasuk kekerasan seksual berulang, sehingga negara mengambil langkah hukum dengan memberikan hukuman kebiri kimia sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perlindungan Anak pada Pasal 81 ayat (7). Ikatan Dokter Indonesia menolak menjadi eksekutor atas sanksi tindakan kebiri, karena menganggap bahwa kebiri kimia bukan dari pelayanan kesehatan dan justru bertentangan dengan Kode Etik Kedokteran. Penulis berfokus pada kewenangan dokter dalam melakukan eksekusi hukuman kebiri. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penlitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach). Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksekusi belum dapat terlaksana karena belum terbentuknya peraturan pelaksanaan tentang eksekusi kebiri. Eksekusi hukuman pidana merupakan kewenangan Jaksa, namun dalam hal komptensi khusus, dokter dapat memiliki kewenangan tersebut atas adanya perintah hukum (peraturan pelaksana eksekusi kebiri kimia). Hal tersebut tidak melanggar kode etik kedokteran karena yang dilakukan dokter memiliki alasan pembenar, selain itu penerapan hukuman kebiri memiliki kemanfaatan yang lebih besar pada sejumlah anak rawan kekerasan seksual dibandingkan dengan adanya dampak negative pada 1 orang pelaku. Selain itu pelaku kejahatan seksual berulang merupakan orang dengan kondisi psikologi yang terganggu karena keinginannya berhubungan seksual dengan anak. Hal ini perlu intervensi psikologis dan medis, sehingga dokter tidak menyalahi kode etiknya karena justru melakukan tindakan penyembuhan yang tepat.