bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsibility and responsiveness Responsabilidad y sensibilización
Authors: Govier Trudy , Werwoerd Wilhelm 
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In contexts where the reconciliation of previously contending parties is a goal, the terms ‘victims’ and ‘perpetrators’ can be polarizing and counter-productive. There is a need for a more nuanced framework that goes beyond primary levels of involvement. For ‘victims,’ this point is well recognized. Secondarily involved are family members and other close affiliates of the harmed person, while the tertiary level is that of community members harmed individually or collectively. For ‘perpetrators,’ the extension of involvement from primary to secondary and tertiary levels is less often discussed. An analogous framework of primary, secondary and tertiary participation or “perpetrators” is developed, based on degrees of causal and moral responsibility for actions committed in a violent political conflict. The additional roles of bystanders and beneficiaries are also clarified. The framework furthermore extends the meaning of responsibility beyond causal responsibility to include a counterpart account of forwardlooking ability to respond or ‘response-ability.’ The article concludes with responses to a series of possible objections to this more complex framework regarding responsibility.
Resumen: En contextos en los que la reconciliación es una meta entre partes que estaban previamente en contienda, los términos ‘víctimas’ y ‘victimarios’ pueden ser polarizantes y contra-intuitivos. Por esta razón, existe la necesidad de un marco más adecuado que vaya más allá de los niveles primarios de vínculo entre partes en conflicto. Para las ‘víctimas’ este es un hecho conocido. Cabe recordar que en el vínculo de segundo orden se encuentran miembros de la familia u otros cercanos a la persona dañada, mientras que un tercer nivel está compuesto por los miembros de la comunidad dañados individual o colectivamente por el conflicto. En torno a la idea de ‘victimarios’, a extensión del vínculo desde un nivel primario a uno secundario y luego terciario se discute menos en la literatura. Aquí se desarrolla un marco análogo para nivel de participación primaria, secundaria y terciaria de ‘victimarios’, basado en grados de responsabilidad causal y moral respecto de acciones cometidas en un conflicto político violento. Los roles adicionales de observadores y beneficiarios también son clarificados en este marco. Este trabajo además extiende el significado de responsabilidad más allá de lo causal para incluir la perspectiva de la contraparte en tanto ‘habilidad de respuesta’. Este artículo concluye con una respuesta a una serie de objeciones posibles a este marco más complejo en relación con la responsabilidad.
Aspectos teóricos y conceptuales del bullying y del acoso moral / Teoretical and conceptual aspects of Bullying and Moral Harassment
Authors: Heloani Roberto , Pinto e Silva Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo relaciona el bullying escolar con el acoso moral en el trabajo, desde una perspectiva histórica y crítica. Se parte de la premisa de la existencia de relaciones dialécticas, históricas y contradictorias entre el individuo y la sociedad, socialización primaria y secundaria y, por consiguiente, entre las violencias en las escuelas y en las relaciones de trabajo. Los procesos de socialización primaria y secundaria no se articulan solamente en el plano de la biografía individual, sino también en el entrecruzamiento de las biografías del sujeto colectivo. Dichos procesos, mediados por lo institucional, involucran determinaciones recíprocas entre sujeto colectivo y subjetividad. Se considera que tales procesos son capaces de generar relaciones sociales reguladas por la violencia y por valores mercantiles. De acuerdo a la visión propuesta, se rechaza radicalmente la idea psicologizante y ahistórica del acoso moral y del bullying escolar. La violencia se entiende como un factor eminentemente socio institucional y está asociada al proceso de desgaste de los vínculos sociales y de exacerbación del individualismo, como también a otros cambios del sistema productivo y a las nuevas formas de gestión y organización del trabajo, la cual se ve instrumentalizada bajo el discurso del reconocimiento de la subjetividad.
Abstract: This paper relates school bullying and moral harassment in the workplace from a historical and critical perspective. It is assumed that there are dialectical, historical and contradictory relations between individuals and the society, primary and secondary socializations and therefore between the school and the workplace violence. The processes of primary and secondary socialization not only articulate in terms of individual biography but also in the crossing of the collective subject biographies. Mediated by the institutional, they involve reciprocal determinations between the collective subject and the subjectivity. It is considered that such processes are capable of producing social relations governed by violence and market values. In the approach proposed by us, we radically refuse the non-historical and psychologizing understanding of school bullying and moral harassment. Violence is understood as essentially socio-institutional and is related to the corrosion process of social bonds and the exacerbation of individualism, as well as to changes in the production system and the new forms of management and organization of work, that under the recognition of the subjectivity discourse, support it.
El placer y el sentido del trabajo en gestores de escuelas privadas localizadas en Río Grande del Sur, Brasil / Pleasure and Meaning of Work for Managers of Private Schools in Rio Grande del Sur, Brazil
Authors: Brun Luciana Gisele , Monteiro Janine Kieling 
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación cualitativa tuvo como objetivo comprender las experiencias de placer y el significado del trabajo para los gestores de las escuelas privadas. La recolección de datos se realizó a través del uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas, y a continuación se realizó el análisis del contenido. Los participantes del estudio eran gestores de seis escuelas privadas con diferentes líneas pedagógicas y filosóficas. Entre los resultados, se detectó que el trabajo de los gestores de fomentar la autonomía y la libertad, está expuesto a una presión psíquica grande, que resulta de un trabajo intelectual que debe aplicarse en la solución de problemas complejos y vinculados a los diversos grupos que buscan al gestor como referencia. El sentido del trabajo del gestor tiene origen en la interacción entre las tareas previstas por la organización del trabajo, con las actividades reales que requieren el ejercicio de la inteligencia, y el uso de diferentes estrategias defensivas.
Abstract:This qualitative research had as objective to know the experiences of pleasure and suffering and the meaning of work for managers of private schools. The collect of data was realized through half-structuralized interviews and later was used the content analysis. The participants of the study were six managers of private schools with different pedagogical-philosophical lines. Between the results was identified that autonomy and freedom is present at work of managers. As much as a great psychic load that happened because the work is intellectual and needs the resolution of complex problems that must be articulated with many groups. This groups search the manager as reference. The meaning of work of manager for the participants happens between the prescribed tasks from the organization of work and the real activities that demand exercises of intelligence as well as the use of varied defensive strategies.
Razonamiento y representaciones mentales: los límites entre lógica y psicología / Reasoning and Mental Representations: boundaries between Logic and Psychology
Authors: Quiroga Lautaro 
Published: April 2022

Lógica y psicología han sido consideradas como disciplinas diferentes en cuanto a sus objetos explicativos. La naturaleza de la lógica se considera normativa y no-cognitivista porque niega el rol de componentes psicológicos durante una inferencia mientras que la psicología del razonamiento sería descriptiva porque caracteriza a los procesos y unidades cognitivas que intervienen en el razonamiento. La oposición entre lógica y psicología se ha reflejado en el debate reglas/modelos mentales y no ha llegado a una comprensión cabal del formato cognitivo de los razonamientos. El desarrollo de la lógica default ha reformulado la oposición entre la tesis de la lógica mental y la tesis de razonamiento basado en modelos. Los condicionales default muestran analogías funcionales con los modelos mentales y explican de mejor forma las relaciones informacionales entre premisas y conclusiones. Esto permite formular la hipótesis de que existe un tipo de inferencia pragmática relacionada a procesos de extracción de información contextual en un nivel doxástico que interviene en fenómenos de la comunicación tales como las implicaturas conversacionales. Por consiguiente, la noción de formato cognitivo conecta a la lógica y a la psicología a la exigencia común de explicar las estructuras mentales y el contenido informativo que subyace a esquemas de secuencias deductivas.
Abstract: Logic and psychology have been considered as different in their explanatory objects. The nature of logic is normative and non-cognitive because it denies the role of psychological components during an inference while psychology of reasoning would be descriptive because it characterizes cognitive processes and units involved in reasoning. The opposition between logic and psychology is reflected in the rules/mental models debate and has not come to a full understanding of cognitive reasoning format. The default logic development has reformulated the opposition between the theory of mental logic and the theory of model-based reasoning. The default rules show functional analogies with mental models and explain better informational relations between premises and conclusions. This allows us to formulate the hypothesis that there is a kind of pragmatic inference processes related to contextual information extraction in a doxastic level involved in communication phenomena such as conversational implicatures. Therefore, the notion of cognitive format connects to logic and psychology to explain common requirement of mental structures and the information content underlying deductive sequence schemes.
Predictibilidad de los componentes de la memoria de trabajo en el cálculo mental: Un estudio longitudinal en niños escolarizados / Predictability of working-memory components in mental calculation: a longitudinal study of School Children
Authors: López Magdalena 
Published: April 2022

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo profundizar en el conocimiento que se posee sobre la incidencia de los componentes de la memoria de trabajo (MT) en actividades de cálculo aritmético mental en niños. Para ello, se realizó un estudio longitudinal con una muestra de 90 niños escolarizados, a los que se evaluó durante tres años consecutivos (i.e., primero, segundo y tercer año de escuela primaria) respecto al desempeño en cada componente de la MT (i.e., (i) bucle fonológico, (ii) agenda viso espacial y (iii) ejecutivo central y a su conocimiento en cálculo aritmético. El análisis de medidas repetidas demostró que los componentes de MT se desarrollan progresivamente. Además, el análisis de regresión múltiple indica que de los componentes de MT, el ejecutivo central es el principal predictor del cálculo durante los tres años consecutivos
Abstract: This study aimed to broaden knowledge about the role of Working Memory (WM) components in Arithmetic performance in children. To this end, we conducted a 3-year longitudinal study of a sample of 90 school-aged children, that was followed during the first, second and third year of primary school. All children were tested on measures of WM components (i. e., (i) phonological loop, (ii) visuospatial sketchpad and (iii) central executive) and arithmetic. Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance showed that WM components develop progressively. Besides, Multiple Regression Analysis indicates that of the three WM components, the central executive is the main predictor of arithmetical performance during the three consecutive years.
PREVALENT POSITIONED SLANG WORD TAPESTRY IN
Authors: Wihadi Marwito , Pratiwi Shaffa Putri , Rahmatunnisa Wulan 
Published: April 2022

This research draws on a sociolinguistics study of slang word commonly encountered in social media aimed to conduct to identify the types and analyze the function of slang. The data are elicited from natural conversation among the members of Potatoes Crew WhatsApp Group. This research uses a case study qualitative method for in-depth analysis so as to understand the activity and the process of their using slang words. The result of this research identifies seventy slang words or phrases. The classification of categories of slang types are fresh and creative (41,4%), flippant (0%), imitative (20%), acronym (18,6%), clipping (20%). Regarding the slang functions, the variety of coverage are to address (8,6%), to reveal anger (7,15%), to show intimacy (7,15%), to form intimate atmosphere (0%), to humiliate (20%) and to initiate relax conversation (57,1%). Fresh and creative slang type is the most preponderantly used by the members while the function of slang word mostly found is to initiate relax conversation. It is concluded that the slang word type with its function is substantially determined by the tenors of the members. It is highly recommended that the deeper analysis in diverse community relative to gender-based emphasis shall be pursued.
Perception, Experience, Attitude and Satisfaction on Using Information and Communication Technology-Based Teaching-Learning Activities in Medical Program
Authors: Yusuf Riti , Md  Iqbal Jalaluddin , Hasan Md Ifta Khiarul , Roy Sharmistha , Ahmed Taslima Nasreen , Khan Zubaida 
Published: April 2022

Background: Educational innovation is moving from a fully traditional system to an innovative and interactive teaching method, inspiring our students for self-directed learning, concentrating on quality improvement, trying to mold the curriculum and evaluation system. Using Information and communication technology (ICT) in education is not to replace the traditional method, but to complement it.
Objective: To study the undergraduate students’ attitude, experience and satisfaction regarding use of technology for teaching-learning, within E-learning Environments that is the Requirement of individual ICT infrastructure for the institutions, also the Mlearning
Materials and Methods: Online questionnaire survey on 41 students of a batch in 4th year of SSMC on Google format was done to understand their ICT experiences and acceptance towards the tools in COVID pandemic mainly focused on M-learning, a part of E-learning. Moving out of the traditional system, a power point presentation was shared with the students through mail. They downloaded it in their smartphone, gone through it as a selflearning content to their exam. After their exam this survey was done. The data was collected online and automatically showed in pie charts.
Results: Among the 41 students 41(100%) have got the personal handle held tools. But still, out of their online classes they use these tools for educational purposes in this manner- 61% spends 25-50%, 22% spends 50-75% and 17.1% spends 10-25% of their total usage period. 68.3% students prefer video as a content, 17.1% as PDF and 7.3% as power point presentation. Due to advancement of the ICT tools 73.2% did not face any difficulty in receiving and reading the content. Degree of satisfaction was done through a 4-point Likert scale online. 26.8% were well satisfied, 43.9% were satisfied and 29.3% showed average in their response. All the students 41(100%) showed their interest on having same type of learning in future.
Conclusion: ICT influences our teaching learning system, which has a great prospect. Changes in this system is needed to get the benefit from ICT tools exclusively in future.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 29-34
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus in High School Students of Bangladesh - A Single Centre Study
Authors: Begum Fouzia , Uddin Md Royes , Raihan ASMA , Mahbub Imteaz , Kabir Md Asadul 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus is an important pathogen due to its high prevalence and ability to cause serious complications like chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, end stage liver disease and eventually liver cancer. Aim of this study was to Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence in the high school going children in Bangladesh.
Materials and Method: It was a cross sectional study carried out in Ghior D.N. High School, Manikganj over 600 high school students within the period from April 2007 to April 2008. Two hundred students each from class VIII to X were selected. Informed written consent was taken from each students and their demographic and socioeconomic attributes, various potential parenteral exposures to blood and blood products were noted down in pre designed structured questionnaire. Venous blood of 3.0 ml was collected and was tested for anti HCV by commercial kit according to standard operating procedure. All positive cases were confirmed by ELISA method. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software. Students T test and chi-square test was done to test the significance of the factors of study in relation with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies. P< 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 14.6±2.26 years. Of the 600 students, 289 (48%) were male and 311(52%) were female. It was not statistically significant (P=0.089). Among the 600 students, none tested positive for hepatitis C. Of them, 60 (10.0%) belonged to upper class, 222 (37.0%) to middle class and 318 (53.0%) to lower class. Total 34 students had previous history of jaundice and 288 had previous surgeries. Both the comparison between previous jaundice with no jaundice and previous surgeries with no surgery was not statistically significant (P=0.18, 0.089).
Conclusion: Prevalence of Hepatitis C is 0% in high school students in this study. Further extensive nationwide study should be carried out to determine the real scenario.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 51-54
Color Doppler & CT Findings of An Immature Ovarian Teratoma: A Case Report
Authors: Ashraf Mir Mahin , Halder Bibekananda , Saha Partha Pratim 
Published: April 2022

Immature ovarian teratomas are uncommon germ cell tumors of unknown etiology. Preoperative diagnosis can be difficult impacting the management of this case. Color Doppler ultrasound can predict malignant nature as well as exclude complications earlier, which is important for management & prognosis. Here we present a young female patient came for an emergency ultrasound with progressive abdominal distension and pain. Ultrasound showed huge ascites with a large, irregular, heterogeneous, predominantly solid, left ovarian mass with internal calcifications, focal echogenic & anechoic areas and prominent intratumoral arteries with low resistant flow (RI: 0.34). The lesion was further evaluated on a CT later showing heterogeneous contrast enhancement, fat-fluid densities & calcifications.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 89-92
Dificuldades e desafios enfrentados pela equipe de enfermagem frente ao cenário da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Martins Chaulin , Costa Jonathan Adilson da , Oliveira Izayre Benedito Alves de , Lenhardt Maurício Machado , Silva Michelle dos Santos , Borges Claudia Daiana , Voltolini Adrielli Tenfen , Taschetto Luciane , Darolt Clóvis Fernando 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as principais dificuldades e desafios enfrentados pela equipe de Enfermagem frente ao combate da COVID-19 de um hospital situado na região do Vale do Itajaí. Metodologia: Tratou-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário na forma de autoaplicação entregue a enfermeiros e técnicos de Enfermagem atuantes na linha de frente da COVID-19. Resultados: Em relação às principais dificuldades enfrentadas pela equipe de Enfermagem durante a pandemia destacam-se: jornada de trabalho exaustiva, superação de pensamentos que reduzem a produtividade, como o medo, insegurança e o contato com pacientes contaminados pelo vírus. Quanto aos desafios enfrentados, os principais foram: manter medidas de segurança, evitar o contágio de pessoas próximas, assegurar o equilíbrio emocional assim como manter, ainda que parcialmente, as atividades rotineiras. Conclusão: Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que os eventos decorrentes da pandemia podem ocasionar processos de adoecimento, dificuldades e desafios para os profissionais que atuam na assistência direta a pacientes internados com a COVID-19. Faz necessário, portanto, impulsionar estratégias de prevenção ao adoecimento físico e mental desses profissionais, com vistas a minimizar os efeitos adversos causados pela pandemia.
Desafios do atendimento odontológico às pessoas com deficiência auditiva em uma clínica escola do Norte do Brasil
Authors: Feitosa Karine da Cruz da Silva , Santana Evilen Cristina dos Santos , Silveira Débora Furtado da , Hidalgo Lídia Regina da Costa 
Published: April 2022

A deficiência auditiva é considerada uma das deficiências mais prevalentes e, no contexto do atendimento odontológico, a dificuldade em atender ao paciente com deficiência auditiva de forma integral constitui um problema de saúde relevante, porém, pouco abordado. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar o conhecimento, a segurança e as dificuldades dos graduandos em Odontologia, frente ao atendimento de pacientes com deficiência auditiva, que utilizam a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS). Assim, foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal e descritivo com aplicação de questionários a 107 acadêmicos do curso de Odontologia, divididos em Períodos Iniciais (1º ao 5º) e Períodos Finais (6º ao 10º). Dos entrevistados, 97% declararam possuir conhecimento quanto ao que é LIBRAS, sendo que 98% consideram que ela ajuda na formação profissional. No entanto, 95% dos acadêmicos não se sentem preparados para atender um deficiente auditivo. Os graduandos (76%) responderam que LIBRAS deveria ser matéria obrigatória na grade curricular. Não houve diferença estatística entre as respostas dos acadêmicos dos períodos iniciais e finais. Assim pode-se inferir que LIBRAS deve estar presente na grade curricular do curso de Odontologia, para melhorar a interação entre paciente e profissional, extinguindo possíveis dificuldades durante o atendimento.