bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ivermectin in COVID-19 Management: What is the Current Evidence?
Authors: Eerike Madhavi , Raj Gerard Marshall , Priyadarshini Rekha , Ravi Gandham , Bisoi Debasis , Konda Venu Gopala Rao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Ivermectin (IVM), an approved anthelminthic drug, has been reported to have antiviral,
antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Antiviral activity is due to the inhibition of nuclear cargo importin
(IMP) protein. The anti-SARS CoV-2 activity through in vitro study was first reported by an
Australian team. Later, many studies were conducted, and most of the study results were available as
non-peer-reviewed preprints. In this narrative review, literature on the clinical studies conducted with
ivermectin from published articles, preprints, and unpublished evidence was collected until 13th June
2021. They are discussed based on the severity of COVID-19 disease. Out of the 23 peer-reviewed
published articles, 13 studies were randomized controlled trials. The remaining were either prospective
interventional, prospective observational, retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, or case series type of
studies; additionally, there were 10 randomized controlled trials available as preprints. In most studies,
ivermectin was used in combination with doxycycline, azithromycin, or other drugs. Some studies
suggested that a higher dose or increased duration of ivermectin usage was required to achieve favorable
effects. In this review, articles on the prophylactic role of ivermectin in COVID-19 are also discussed
- wherein the results are more promising. Despite accumulating evidence suggesting the possible
use of ivermectin, the final call to incorporate ivermectin in the management of COVID-19 is still
inconclusive.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Novel Triazolyl Pyrazolyl Pyrazoline
Substituted Coumarins and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Brahmbhatt Dinker I. , Kundaliya Kaushik N. , Patel Niraj H. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The 1,2,3-triazole, pyrazole, and coumarin-based derivatives have received
much attention due to their wide coverage of biological properties. The present work describes
the microwave synthesis of novel triazolyl pyrazolyl pyrazoline substituted coumarins. The
structures of all the newly synthesized compounds are characterized by spectral analysis and
screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by the Broth dilution method.

Methods:
Using the synthetic method, the targets were prepared by reacting various 3-{3-[3-(5-
methyl-1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]acryloyl} coumarins (coumarin
chalcones) (3a-d) with hydrazine hydrate or aryl hydrazine (5a-c) in the presence of acetic/propionic
acid under microwave irradiation.

Results:
The structures of all the synthesized compounds were established by IR, 1H-NMR, 13CAPT,
and selected mass spectral data. The target compounds were also screened for their in vitro
antimicrobial efficiency against a representative panel of pathogenic strains, specifically Gram-positive
bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus,italic> Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria
(Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi), and Fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillusniger).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the target compounds were obtained by Microwave Irradiation (MWI)
technique in good yield with a short reaction time. Among all the synthesized compounds, 4c, 4h,
6a, 6h, and 6l were found to have significant activity against bacterial and fungal strains.
Assessment of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels Among COVID-19
Positive Patients Admitted in Rural Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Yadav Ramakant , Dubey Neha , Jain Shweta , Vaidya Ankur , Kumar Raj 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychiatric distress, including
stress, anxiety, and depression levels, among COVID-19 positive patients who were admitted
between 01 July 2020 to 31 August 2020 to the COVID-19 isolation ward of the Uttar Pradesh
University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah India. Participants included 100 patients, with 55
males and 45 females. The majority of admitted patients (81%) were illiterate. Out of 100 patients,
83 were married, 16 were unmarried, and only 1 was a widow.

Methods:
Levels of anxiety, depression, and stress level were noted in admitted patients using Generalized
Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression assessment,
and Perceived Stress Scale 4 (PSS-4) assessment techniques, respectively.

Results:
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression assessment results showed minimal,
mild, and moderate depression in 9, 25, and 66 patients, respectively, with a 10.6 median score of
PHQ-9. Mild, moderate, and severe anxiety (GAD-7 score) was present in 22, 28, and 50 of the patients
surveyed. The mean Perceived Stress Scale 4 (PSS-4) was also analyzed, and it reported 6.1
values. The results of the study demonstrated that the patients had a high label of psychiatric distress,
but still, admitted patients believe that they will come out from this pandemic condition.

Conclusion:
Although patients claimed psychiatric distress and mental health illness, they still denied
the requirement of any mental health professionals to minimize stress levels and were satisfied
with the medical facilities available in a hospital located in a rural area.
Surveillance System Evaluation for COVID-19 Vaccine–Associated Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI), Sindh Pakistan (2021)
Authors: Qureshi Samreen Ashraf , Masood Naveed , Syed Asif , Hussain Mudassar , Hussain Kashif , Bhurt Saeed Ahmed , Gadehi Muhammad Ali , Memon Fahad , Bahoto Muhammad Juman 
Published: January 2022

Background
In February 2021, a mass vaccination campaign commenced in Sindh Province in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. An adverse-events-following-immunization surveillance system (AEFI-SS) was established to monitor the adverse events following vaccination.

Objective
We evaluated the AEFI-SS with the aim to identify its strengths and weaknesses and suggest recommendations.

Methods
In May-June 2021, a descriptive evaluation study was conducted in Sindh Province, Pakistan. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) updated guidelines for evaluation of SS-2001 were followed to measure the qualitative, quantitative, and utility attributes of the AEFI-SS. Key stakeholders were identified based on their involvement in the AEFI-SS and were interviewed. Case investigation proformas for the AEFI were randomly reviewed for data quality, timeliness, and completeness. Sensitivity was calculated. Each attribute was rated as good, fair, or poor based on a scoring legend.

Results
The SS was useful in effectively identifying 7147 cases of AEFIs. Timeliness of all AEFI cases was good and was found to be 100%, as all cases were reported within 24 hours. The World Health Organization (WHO)-approved case definition was used for the identification of AEFI cases and had a simple flow of information. The AEFI-SS was good in data quality and completeness (100%), and data collection tools were filled by trained medical officers. Sensitivity was 100%, and the predictive value positive (PVP) was not calculated due to the absence of a laboratory component. Good representativeness (>80%) of the population was covered by 1004 vaccination centers. The system was found to be stable as resources of the health department government of Sindh were being used. The AEFI-SS was paper based and deficient in a feedback mechanism.

Conclusions
Sindh Province has an appropriate surveillance mechanism for AEFI detection and management for the ongoing COVID-19 vaccination SS. The representativeness can be increased by involvement of the private health sector. Establishment of a feedback mechanism and digital data transformation and integration of the AEFI system with the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) are recommended.
Epidemiological Determinants for Mortality from Neonatal Tetanus in Punjab Province, Pakistan (2020)
Authors: Khurshid Fawad , Ahmad Muhammad Khalil , Khan Ali Sher , Saleem Muhammad Mehroze , Fatima Zahida , Chaudary Ambreen , Baig Zeeshan Iqbal , Akram Khurram Shehzad , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Ashraf Nosheen , Khan Mumtaz Ali , Ansari Jamil Ahmad , Ikram Aamir 
Published: January 2022

Background
Neonatal tetanus (NNT) is a vaccine-preventable disease that occurs at higher incidence in resource-poor countries, presumably because of low maternal immunization rates and unhygienic cord care practices. NNT remains an important cause of infant mortality in rural areas of Punjab Province.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate and determine the risk factors for mortality in NNT cases and to make recommendations for future strategies.

Methods
A descriptive study was conducted from July 6 to 14, 2021, at Directorate General Health Office Lahore. The surveillance data set for the year 2020 and clinical notes were reviewed and analyzed. Demographic information, clinical presentation progression, and outcomes were evaluated for all investigated cases, and a comparison analysis was performed between those who survived and those who died.

Results
Of a total of 176 reported cases, 145 (82.3%) were notified from rural areas of Punjab. The mean age was 9 days, 65 (37%) infants were females, and 111 (63%) were males. The overall mortality was 77 (43.6%), while 31 (17.6%) maternal deliveries were conducted by untrained birth attendants. In addition, 119 (67.6%) women received zero tetanus toxoid (TT) shots in their life. Clinical notes revealed that the group that survived had a significantly greater mean body weight on admission, had later onset of disease, was hospitalized early, and received tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG). The children who could not survive had significantly common clinical features, such as generalized rigidity, fever, and respiratory arrest.

Conclusions
The increased mortality in rural and tribal areas is suggestive of poor TT immunization coverage. Low literacy, poor socioeconomic status of families, lack of awareness regarding antenatal care, and poor hygienic deliveries conducted by untrained persons remain the main risk factors. Improvement in TT coverage, deployment of trained community midwives, and awareness sessions regarding TT vaccination in hard-to-reach areas are recommended.
Surveillance System Evaluation for COVID-19 Vaccine–Associated Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI), Sindh Pakistan (2021) (Preprint)
Authors: Qureshi Samreen Ashraf , Masood Naveed , Syed Asif , Hussain Mudassar , Hussain Kashif , Bhurt Saeed Ahmed , Gadehi Muhammad Ali , Memon Fahad , Bahoto Muhammad Juman 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

In February 2021, a mass vaccination campaign commenced in Sindh Province in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. An adverse-events-following-immunization surveillance system (AEFI-SS) was established to monitor the adverse events following vaccination.

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated the AEFI-SS with the aim to identify its strengths and weaknesses and suggest recommendations.

METHODS

In May-June 2021, a descriptive evaluation study was conducted in Sindh Province, Pakistan. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) updated guidelines for evaluation of SS-2001 were followed to measure the qualitative, quantitative, and utility attributes of the AEFI-SS. Key stakeholders were identified based on their involvement in the AEFI-SS and were interviewed. Case investigation proformas for the AEFI were randomly reviewed for data quality, timeliness, and completeness. Sensitivity was calculated. Each attribute was rated as good, fair, or poor based on a scoring legend.

RESULTS

The SS was useful in effectively identifying 7147 cases of AEFIs. Timeliness of all AEFI cases was good and was found to be 100%, as all cases were reported within 24 hours. The World Health Organization (WHO)-approved case definition was used for the identification of AEFI cases and had a simple flow of information. The AEFI-SS was good in data quality and completeness (100%), and data collection tools were filled by trained medical officers. Sensitivity was 100%, and the predictive value positive (PVP) was not calculated due to the absence of a laboratory component. Good representativeness (&gt;80%) of the population was covered by 1004 vaccination centers. The system was found to be stable as resources of the health department government of Sindh were being used. The AEFI-SS was paper based and deficient in a feedback mechanism.

CONCLUSIONS

Sindh Province has an appropriate surveillance mechanism for AEFI detection and management for the ongoing COVID-19 vaccination SS. The representativeness can be increased by involvement of the private health sector. Establishment of a feedback mechanism and digital data transformation and integration of the AEFI system with the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) are recommended.
HUMAN SECURITY DALAM NEGARA DEMOKRASI: PERSPEKTIF MEDIA STUDIES
Authors: Gunawan Kazan 
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to explain the relation between human security and media studies when looking at the problem of security in Indonesia, a country experiencing a process of democratization. In media studies, the problem of human security often only emphasizes discourse and event analysis, without relating it with the human security problem. Connecting human security and media is very important because media has a very important role in constructing the public and State’s opinion. This article analyses news, as reported in the media, then gives context about the State and problems related to human security. It is concluded that media is highly influential in studying human security because of its numerous economic, political and cultural interests.
FANATISME, EKTREMISME, DAN PENYINGKIRAN CIRI ANTROPOLOGIS PENGETAHUAN
Authors: Martiam Najiyah 
Published: January 2022

perlunya seorang ilmuwan atau agamawan mempunyai keyakinan yang teguh, baik keyakinan agama atau keyakinan intelektual, tetapi tak terjebak pada dogmatisme keduanya. Menurut Supelli sikap dogmatis inilah yang melahirkan fanatisme dan ektrimisme yang pada gilirannya akan memunculkan tindakan kekerasan dan kebrutalan, baik atasnama agama maupun ilmu pengetahuan
Relasi Kuasa dan Pertautan Identitas dalam Novel Entrok dan Maryam Karya Okky Madasari: sebuah Kajian Interseksionalitas
Authors: Sulkhan Khumaid Akhyat 
Published: January 2022

Sastra, dalam berbagai wujudnya, seringkali menjadi instrumen bagi seorang pengarang untuk menyuarakan perlawanan terhadap struktur kekuasaan sekaligus membidik relasi identitas yang tidak setara di tengah masyarakat. Selama satu dekade terakhir, salah satu sosok yang dikenal oleh para aktivis, pelajar, maupun media di Indonesia, sebagai pengarang dengan narasi-narasi perlawanan serta potret sosial dari masyarakat yang diwarnai konflik identitas adalah Okky Madasari. Berkaitan dengan hal itu, penelitian ini hendak mengkaji ide relasi kuasa dan identitas yang ada di dua Novel karya Okky Madasari, Entrok (2010) dan Maryam (2012). Studi ini menggunakan pembacaan interseksionalitas dan serta metode pendekatan naratif dengan tujuan untuk memahami bagaimana sekaligus mengapa Okky menarasikan konflik berbalut persimpangan identitas yang tidak setara dan bagaimana ia menawarkan menawarkan konsep kebebasan dalam kedua novel tersebut sebagai bagian dari ideologi pengarangnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketidaksetaraan identitas para tokoh dalam kedua novel itu dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendidikan serta perbedaan kelas yang mewakili kekuatan ekonomi, sehingga bentuk konfliknya bisa berubah pada situasi dan waktu tertentu. Sementara itu, ia menawarkan kebebasan dari segala bentuk intervensi terhadap subjektivitas manusia sebagai jalan keluar. Namun demikian, orang-orang yang digambarkan memiliki kesempatan untuk memperjuangkan kebebasan atau bernegosiasi dengan persoalan identitas serta struktur kekuasaan yang ada, hanyalah mereka yang berpendidikan tinggi dan kuat secara ekonomi.
effect of halal tour, word of mouth, price and social media on visiting decisions to non muslim countries at pt.tour and travel antavaya palembang
Authors: Rusmalita Utami Desfika , Misniwati Misniwati , Aryanti Aryanti 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the halal tour, word of mouth, price and social media on visiting decisions to non-muslim countries at PT.Tour and Antavaya Travel Palembang. The source of data is primary data through questionnaire. The sample of this study was 110 respondents, technique with purposive sampling method. This research used quantitative methods. with the multiple regression analysis method. The research variables consist of independent variables : 1.Halal Tour, 2.Word of mouth 3.Price 4.Social Media. While the dependent variable is the decision to visit. The result showed a halal tour didn’t significantly influence the visiting decision. Word of mouth, price, and social media are significantly influence on visiting decision.
EFL Learner’s Literary Competence Mapping through Reader-Response Writing Assessed using CCEA GCSE Mark Scheme
Authors: Suprayogi Suprayogi , Samanik Samanik , Novanti Elza Aqilla , Ardesis Yoana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In literary education, literary competence lies in important position as it reflects students’ critical thinking ability to understand text as a whole and connect it to both their experience and social phenomenon. Recently, the research on literary competence focuses on the implementation of reader-response writing; however, it rarely highlights the importance of literary competence mapping through the quantification of the responses. This research aims at revealing the implementation of students’ literary competence mapping by using reader-response writing and The Council for the Curriculum Examinations and Assessment (CCEA) General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Mark Scheme for literature subject for the assessment. Seven reader response strategies by Beach and Marshal (1991) were used as the framework. Selecting 21 students of English Literature in Prose Analysis class as the research object, this research employed qualitative descriptive method. The result shows, in completing seven reader responses, students provide various answers reflecting their ability to get into the stories. The students mostly find it difficult to describe setting of place and time and their influence to the plot of the story. In assessment process, several adjustments on distributing points of CCEA GCSE Mark Scheme for literature subject. Mark Scheme in each strategy have been made. Almost half of the students are in the band 4 and band 5 meanwhile the rest of them are in band 2 and band 3. This research concludes that reader-response writing and CCEA GCSE Mark Scheme can be alternative to map the students’ literary competence. The research further suggest that the students should be exposed more on the analysis of setting and on the argumentation building on how they should provide sufficient reason and textual evidence. In addition, the lecturer should also emphasize the expected competence level the English Literature students should acquire.
Surface Modifications of Dental Implant and its Clinical Performance: A Review
Authors: Rahimi SN , Tengku Mohd Ariff TF , Affendi NHK , Ahmad R 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This review paper aims to provide an overview of various commercially available dental implant surface modifications and treatments, as well as their reported clinical performances. This knowledge would be useful for the practicing clinician in understanding the healing mechanism associated with each type of implant and in selecting the right type of implant for a specific clinical condition. Methods: An electronic search of literatures was performed in PubMed and Scopus database dated from January 1990 until July 2021. The search keywords were dental implant, surface modification, surface treatment, survival rate and/ or clinical performance as MeSH term. Only relevant studies that were published in English, journal article are summarized and discussed in this review. Results: In the last decade, implant surfaces were manufactured in a concerted effort to provide bone in a faster and improved osseointegration process. A variety of surface modifications have been developed and are currently being used to enhance clinical performance, including turned (machined), hydroxyapatite-coated surface, titanium plasma-sprayed, grit-blasted, acid-etched, anodization, laser-microtextured as well as combinations thereof. Conclusion: Dental implant survival rate relies heavily on the successful integration into the jawbone. Geometry and surface topography are critical to the short- and long-term performance of dental implants. Implant surface modifications expedited osseointegration process, which in turn, early and immediate loading of dental implants has emerged as a viable alternative to the conventional loading protocol.
KEBIJAKAN PEMIMPIN NEGARA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KAIDAH FIKIH : TASARRUF AL-IMAM MANUTUN BIL MASLAHAH
Authors: Idrus Achmad Musyahid 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan jawaban terhadap geneologi akar kata kaidah تَصَرُّفُ الْأِمَاِم عَلَى الرَّاعِيَّةِ مَنُوْطٌ بِالْمَصْلَحَةِ, menemukan jawaban atas sumber perumusan kaidah ini dan menemukan jawaban terhadap prinsip kemaslahatan yang terkandung dalam sebuah prodak perundang-undangan negara. Pendekatan normatif terhadap nas Alquran dan hadis dan hasil ijtihad ulama, pendekatan sosiologis serta pendekatan filosofis terhadap objek penelitian terkait kebijakan pemimpin negara dalam perspektif kaidah fikih تَصَرُّفُ الْأِمَاِم عَلَى الرَّاعِيَّةِ مَنُوْطٌ بِالْمَصْلَحَةِ. Hasil penelitian menemukan tiga hal penting yaitu; 1) geneologi akar kata kaidah ini yaitu; تَصَرُّف yang berarti memalingkan, الْأِمَاِم berarti pemimpin, الرَّاعِيَّةِ berarti rakyat dan مَنُوْطٌ berarti diikat serta الْمَصْلَحَةِ berarti kemaslahatan. 2) Sumber pembentukan kaidah تَصَرُّفُ الْأِمَاِم عَلَى الرَّاعِيَّةِ مَنُوْطٌ بِالْمَصْلَحَةِ berasal dari fatwa Imam Asy-Syafi’i, yaitu مَنْزِلَةُ اْلاِمَامِ مِنَ الرَّعِيِّةِ مَنْزِلَةُ الْوَلِىِّ مِنَ الْيَتِيْم. 3) Ada lima bentuk kemaslahatan dalam kaidah تَصَرُّفُ الْأِمَاِم عَلَى الرَّاعِيَّةِ مَنُوْطٌ بِالْمَصْلَحَةِ , yaitu kemaslahatan terhadap agama, kemaslahatan jiwa, kemaslahatan akal, kemaslahatan keturunan dan kemaslahatan harta.
Preliminary results regarding the seed yield of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) plants harvested at different stages of seed maturity
Authors: Biró-Janka Béla , Molnár Katalin , Székely Norbert , Nyárádi Imre-István 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
During the study, the characteristics of flower heads and seed yield of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) plants harvested at different stages of seed maturity (achenes from different types of heads – primary, secondary, and tertiary ramifications) were measured. The number of total flower heads (inflorescences), heads with mature seeds, and the diameter of heads with mature seeds and weight of seeds of the above mentioned fractions per plant were calculated. The results show that there are significant differences among treatments regarding several parameters. The plants were harvested when 90% of the heads formed on the primary ramifications and 75% of the heads formed on the secondary ramifications, having mature seeds superior to plants with 50% of the secondary heads with mature seeds.