bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coaching Caregivers of Young Children With Autism via Telepractice to Collect Assessment Data and Implement Interventions
Authors: Lee James D. , Yoon Christy D. , Meadan Hedda 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:The purpose of this review article was to (a) scope the literature related to coaching caregivers of children with autism to provide an overview of current practices for assessment and intervention conducted via telepractice in collaboration with caregivers and (b) examine commonly reported challenges related to telepractice and potential solutions.Method:We conducted a search of relevant literature and identified seven articles that are related to the topic of caregiver involvement in remote assessments and interventions for children with autism.Results:Seven studies that include 10 caregiver-implemented interventions were identified. Researchers have used telepractice to conduct both assessments and interventions, and they generally reported having successful interactions with caregivers using different telepractice platforms. The most common telepractice modality was conducting live videoconferencing to provide services. These articles also contained rich information related to the commonly reported barriers and needs of caregivers to conduct telepractice, such as challenges in using telepractice technology and providing adequate training to caregivers. The studies also address different strategies researchers and professionals may utilize to alleviate these practical challenges to provide more streamlined telepractice services.Conclusions:Although there are challenges related to conducting assessments and interventions via telepractice, it was suggested that telepractice can be a supplement in delivering evidence-based interventions. As there are implications for future research and practice, we call for more research and practice to examine how professionals may optimize service delivery to caregivers.
Multi‐UAV active target search based on perceptual adaptation in marine environment
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Hebin , Shen Xingfa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis work considers the problem of target search in marine environment. A perceptual adaptive Gaussian sum cubature Kalman filter is proposed for multi‐target search in non‐linear and non‐Gaussian noise environment. Firstly, the robot collects environmental information, conducts environmental perception, and actively makes decisions. Secondly, the Dynamic Time Warping distance and Frechet distance weighted fusion are used to extract the association knowledge by analysing the trajectories of the underwater and surface targets obtained in the search process. The extracted association knowledge is used in the search process to form an evolving search relationship and increase the search efficiency. Finally, it is applied to realise the search of multiple dynamic targets, including underwater and surface targets, in the non‐Gaussian marine environment.
Quasimodes in the cusp continuum in nonuniform magnetic flux tubes
Authors: Geeraerts M. , Vanmechelen P. , Van Doorsselaere T. , Soler R. 
Published: March 2022

Context. The study of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves is important both for understanding heating in the solar atmosphere (and in particular the corona) and for solar atmospheric seismology. The analytical investigation of wave mode properties in a cylinder is of particular interest in this domain because many atmospheric structures can be modeled as such in a first approximation.
Aims. The aim of this study is to use linearized ideal MHD to investigate quasimodes (global modes that are damped through resonant absorption) with a frequency in the cusp continuum, in a straight cylinder with a circular base and an inhomogeneous layer at its boundary that separates two homogeneous plasma regions inside and outside. We are particularly interested in the damping of these modes, and therefore try to determine their frequency as a function of background parameters.
Methods. After linearizing the ideal MHD equations, we found solutions to the second-order differential equation for the perturbed total pressure in the inhomogeneous layer in the form of (1) Frobenius series around the regular singular points that are the Alfvén and cusp resonant positions, and (2) power series around regular points. By connecting these solutions appropriately through the inhomogeneous layer and with the solutions of the homogeneous regions inside and outside the cylinder, we derive a dispersion relation for the frequency of the eigenmodes of the system.
Results. From the dispersion relation, it is also possible to find the frequency of quasimodes, even though they are not eigenmodes. As an example, we find the frequency of the slow surface sausage quasimode as a function of the width of the inhomogeneous layer for values of the longitudinal wavenumber relevant for photospheric conditions. The results closely match findings by other authors who studied the resistive slow surface sausage eigenmode. We also discuss the perturbation profiles of the quasimode and the eigenfunctions of continuum modes.
Frühgeborenenretinopathie
Authors: Li Jeany Q. , Kellner Ulrich , Lorenz Birgit , Stahl Andreas , Krohne Tim U. 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Frühgeborenenretinopathie zählt zu den häufigsten behandelbaren Erblindungsursachen bei Kindern. Es handelt sich um eine vasoproliferative Netzhauterkrankung, die nur bei Frühgeborenen
auftritt. Durch ein konsequentes augenärztliches Screening können nahezu alle Augen mit behandlungsbedürftiger ROP frühzeitig identifiziert und einer Behandlung zugeführt werden, sodass das
Risiko einer schweren Sehbehinderung oder Erblindung durch eine ROP erheblich gesenkt wird.
Die degenerative Lumbalskoliose – Kurze Versorgung ausreichend
Authors: Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDieses Manukript diskutiert die kurzstreckige Versorgung von erwachsenen Patienten mit degenerativer Lumboskoliose. Eine kurzstreckige Fusion wird in der Regel als posterolaterale Fusion, 360° Fusion oder dynamische Instrumentation, in Kombination mit neuroforaminaler oder spinaler Dekompression, durchgeführt. Diese Techniken werden unter dem Begriff “in situ Fusion” zusammengefasst und schneiden gegenüber umfangreicheren Korrekturspondylodesen mit Hinblick auf eine Kosten/Nutzen Analyse positiv ab. In Schlussfolgerung eignet sich die “in situ Fusion” sehr gut für erwachsene Patienten mit degenerativer Lumboskoliose, wenn die Patienten monoradikuläre Symptome aufweisen und lediglich eine fokale Dekompression und Stabilisierung der Wirbelsäule erforderlich ist.
Stellenwert der PET-CT in der Beurteilung von Lymphomen: klinischer Aspekt
Authors: Melchardt Thomas , Greil Richard 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie PET-Untersuchung ist mittlerweile ein integraler Bestandteil der Diagnostik und Behandlung von Lymphompatienten geworden. V. a. bei Lymphomen mit hoher FDG-Avidität wie dem Hodgkin-Lymphom, dem diffus großzelligen B-Zell Lymphom oder dem follikulären Lymphom wird die PET-Untersuchung zur Therapiesteuerung und Optimierung eingesetzt. Dazu werden hier die wichtigste Indikation und Konsequenzen aus klinischer Sicht diskutiert.
18F-FDG PET-CT zur Strahlentherapie der lokalisierten follikulären Lymphome
Authors: Rehn Stephan , Pixberg Michaela , Reinartz Gabriele , Eich Hans Theodor 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDas follikuläre Lymphom ist das zweithäufigste Lymphom der westlichen Welt und beinhaltet im Regelfall insbesondere in den lokalisierten Stadien auch eine (18F-FDG) PET-CT im Rahmen des Stagings. Die Einteilung nach Ann-Arbor bzw. der modifizierten Lugano-Klassifikation ermöglicht eine Einschätzung über das weitere Therapievorgehen als auch über die Prognose. Der PET-CT kommt hier eine bedeutende Rolle zu, indem sie die bildgebende Sensitivität im Vergleich zur konventionellen CT weiter stark erhöhen kann. Verschiedene Parameter dienen bei der PET-CT zur Interpretation der Befunde, wobei insbesondere der SUVmax hier eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Weitere Parameter wie metabolisches Tumorvolumen (MTV) oder Total Lesion Glycolysis (TLG) sind Gegenstand der aktuellen Forschung. Für die Strahlentherapie spielt die PET-CT eine bedeutende Rolle, da sie eine noch präzisere Erfassung des metabolisch aktiven Lymphoms ermöglichen kann. Hierdurch können Zielvolumina weiter verkleinert und so umliegende Gewebe geschont werden. Zudem wird durch die PET-CT auch die initiale Stadieneinteilung präziser und damit einhergehend auch die Prognose bzw. das Therapie-Outcome besser abschätzbar. Im Bereich der Diagnostik und Therapiesteuerung der Hodgkin-Lymphomerkrankung ist die PET-CT schon länger unverzichtbar geworden. Mit der in den letzten Jahren steigenden Verfügbarkeit ist die PET-CT heute ein immer wichtiger werdender Bestandteil sowohl in der Primärdiagnostik als auch in der Rezidivsituation bei Patienten mit follikulärem Lymphom und findet zunehmend Eingang in die aktuellen Leitlinienempfehlungen für die Non-Hodgkin Lymphome (NHL).
Übermäßiges Körpergewicht und
Krebsrisiko
Authors: Scherübl Hans 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungÜbermäßiges Körpergewicht (ÜKG) stellt
derzeit die zweitwichtigste vermeidbare Krebsursache in Deutschland dar.
Für viele Karzinome ist eine Dosis-Wirkungs- Beziehung belegt,
d. h. je ausgeprägter das ÜKG, desto
größer ist das Krebsrisiko. Bedenklich: Etwa 60% der
erwachsenen Bundesbürger weisen ein ÜKG auf und mehr als
23% sind adipös. Mittlerweile sind von ÜKG-assoziierten
Tumoren immer öfter 20–40-Jährige betroffen.
Ausblick auf neue Arzneimittel zur Gewichtsreduktion
Authors: Engeli Stefan 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von Arzneimitteln zur Gewichtsreduktion als adjuvante Therapie
zusätzlich zu Ernährungs-, Bewegungs- und
Verhaltensinterventionen wird in den bisherigen und zukünftigen
Leitlinien der Deutschen Adipositas-Gesellschaft klar beschrieben. In den
letzten zwei Jahren hat es auf dem deutschen Markt einige Bereinigungen bei den
Gewichtsreduktionsarzneimitteln gegeben. Der Artikel fasst die derzeitige
Situation in Deutschland einschließlich der derzeitigen
Erstattungssituation in Deutschland im Bereich der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen
zusammen und gibt einen Ausblick auf neue Arzneimittel zur Gewichtsreduktion,
deren Zulassung kurz bevor steht oder die sich derzeit in Phase 3 der
Zulassungsstudien befinden.
Cucurbitacins Elicit Anti-Platelet Activity via Perturbation of the Cytoskeleton and Integrin Function
Authors: Kriek Neline , Nock Sophie H. , Sage Tanya , Khalifa Badrija , Bye Alexander P. , Mitchell Joanne L. , Thomson Steven , McLaughlin Mark G. , Jones Sarah , Gibbins Jonathan M. , Unsworth Amanda J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCucurbitacins are dietary compounds that have been shown to elicit a range of anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic activities. Originally identified as signal transducer and activator of transcription, STAT, inhibitors, a variety of mechanisms of action have since been described, including dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton and disruption of integrin function. Integrin outside-in signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangements are critical for the propagation of stable thrombus formation and clot retraction following platelet adhesion at the site of vessel damage. The effects of cucurbitacins on platelet function and thrombus formation are unknown. We report for the first time anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic effects of cucurbitacins B, E and I in human platelets. Treatment of platelets with cucurbitacins resulted in attenuation of platelet aggregation, secretion and fibrinogen binding following stimulation by platelet agonists. Cucurbitacins were also found to potently inhibit other integrin- and cytoskeleton-mediated events, including adhesion, spreading and clot retraction. Further investigation of cytoskeletal dynamics found treatment with cucurbitacins altered cofilin phosphorylation, enhanced activation and increased F actin polymerisation and microtubule assembly. Disruption to cytoskeletal dynamics has been previously shown to impair integrin activation, platelet spreading and clot retraction. Anti-platelet properties of cucurbitacins were found to extend to a disruption of stable thrombus formation, with an increase in thrombi instability and de-aggregation under flow. Our research identifies novel, anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic actions of cucurbitacins that appear to be linked to dysregulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and integrin function.
NO Release Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids from Aesculus Wilsonii Seeds through MAPK (P38), NF-κB, and STAT3 Cross-Talk Signaling Pathways
Authors: Cao Hui Na , Ruan Jing Ya , Han Yu , Zhao Wei , Zhang Ying , Gao Chang , Wu Hong Hua , Ma Lin , Gao Xiu Mei , Zhang Yi , Wang Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe flavonoid constituents of Aesculus wilsonii, a source of the Chinese medicinal drug Suo Luo Zi, and their in vitro anti-inflammatory effects were investigated. Fifteen flavonoids, including aeswilflavonosides IA-IC (1 – 3) and aeswilflavonosides IIA-IIE (4 – 8), along with seven known derivatives were isolated from a seed extract. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, acid and alkaline hydrolysis, and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Among them, compounds 3 and 7 possess a 5-[2-(carboxymethyl)-5-oxocyclopent-yl]pent-3-enylate or oleuropeoylate substituent, respectively, which are rarely reported in flavonoids. Compounds 2, 3, 7, and 12 – 15 were found to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cell lines. In a mechanistic assay, the flavonoid glycosides 2, 3, and 7 reduced the expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced by lipopolysaccharide. Further investigations suggest that 2 and 3 downregulated the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38. Compound 7 was found to reduce the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 through inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B signaling pathway. Compounds 2, 3, and 7 possessed moderate inhibitory activity on the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3. Taken together, the data indicate that the flavonoid glycosides of A. wilsonii seeds exhibit nitric oxide release inhibitory activity through mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B, and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 cross-talk signaling pathways.
Non-Pharmacological Treatments of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Thurin Kristina , Daffner Kirk , Gale Seth , Donovan Nancy J. , Urizar Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a syndrome defined by objective cognitive deficits that do not impact functional independence. Individuals with MCI develop dementia at an annual rate of 10 to 15%. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common non-cognitive features of neurocognitive disorders and have a major impact on the wellbeing and quality of life of affected individuals and their families. Non-pharmacological interventions for NPS are considered the first-line treatment because of the limited efficacy and side-effect potential of current pharmacological agents. This article summarizes the literature on non-pharmacological treatments for NPS in MCI. The limited number of studies specific to individuals with MCI and its various etiologies, as well as the overall heterogeneity of research design and methodologies, make the evidence base inconclusive. Nevertheless, some studies support psychosocial interventions aimed at individuals with MCI and their caregivers.
A Newly Identified Int22h1/Int22h2‐Mediated Xq28 Duplication Syndrome Case Misdiagnosed as Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Bastos Paulo André Dias , Barbosa Raquel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive, early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder affecting ∼2 to 3/1,000 children worldwide. It is characterized by movement/postural disabilities accompanied by sensitive, perceptual, cognitive, communicational, behavioral, and musculoskeletal perturbations. Many CP patients are thought to have genetic etiologies overlapping those of other neurodevelopmental conditions. Herein, we reported a newly discovered case (the 36th case to date) of a female patient (misdiagnosed with CP until age 19) with the rare X-linked intellectual disability syndrome resulting from an int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication. A microarray analysis revealed a ∼0.4 Mb duplication within the 154.1 to 154.6 Mb subregion of Xq28 (hg19, CRCh37), confirming a diagnosis of the rare int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication intellectual disability syndrome. Atypical T2 hyperintensities were also observed. This case report builds upon the limited cohort of X-linked intellectual disability syndrome patients and reiterates the growing observations pertaining to the phenotypic overlap between genetic CP cases and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Evaluation of the Computer-Assisted Speech Perception Assessment Test (CASPA)
Authors: Mackersie Carol L. , Boothroyd Arthur , Minniear Donna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterlist equivalency and short-term practice effects were evaluated for the recorded stimuli of the Computer-Assisted Speech Perception Assessment (CASPA) Test. Twenty lists, each consisting of 10 consonant-vowel-consonant words, were administered to 20 adults with normal hearing. The lists were presented at 50 dB SPL (Leq) in the presence of spectrally matched steady-state noise (55 dB SPL Leq). Phoneme recognition scores for the first list presented were significantly lower than for the second through the twentieth list presented, indicating a small practice effect. Phoneme scores for 4 of the lists (3, 6, 7, and 16) were significantly higher than scores for the remaining 16 lists by approximately 10 percentage points. Eliminating the effects of interlist differences reduced the 95 percent confidence interval of a test score based on a single list from 18.4 to 16.1 percentage points. Although interlist differences have only a small effect on confidence limits, some clinicians may wish to eliminate them by excluding lists 3, 6, 7, and 16 from the test. The practice effect observed here can be eliminated by administering one 10-word practice list before beginning the test.
Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, CASPA = Computer-Assisted Speech Perception Assessment, CASRA = Computer-Assisted Speech Recognition Assessment, CVC = consonant-vowel-consonant
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: Preliminary Report
Authors: Akin Faith Wurm , Murnane Owen D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are short-latency electromyograms evoked by high-level acoustic stimuli recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. These responses are presumed to originate in the saccule. The purpose of this preliminary report is to provide an overview of our initial experience with the VEMP by describing the responses obtained in five subjects. Click-evoked VEMPs were present at short latencies in two normal-hearing subjects, one patient with profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and one patient with a severe sensorineural hearing loss due to Meniere’s disease. Additionally, VEMPs were absent in a patient with profound sensorineural hearing loss following removal of a cerebellopontine angle tumor. The amplitude of the VEMP was influenced by the amount of background activity of the SCM muscle, stimulus level, and stimulus frequency.Tone-burst evoked responses showed an inverse relationship between stimulus frequency and response latency. VEMPs may prove to be a reliable technique in the clinical assessment of vestibular function.
Abbreviations: EMG = electromyography, SCM = sternocleidomastoid, VEMP = vestibular evoked myogenic potential
Normative Behavioral Thresholds for Short Tone-Bursts
Authors: Beattie Randall C. , Rochverger Ilanit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough tone-bursts have been commonly used in auditory brainstem response (ABR) evaluations for many years, national standards describing normal calibration values have not been established. This study was designed to gather normative threshold data to establish a physical reference for tone-burst stimuli that can be reproduced across clinics and laboratories. More specifically, we obtained norms for 3-msec tone-bursts presented at two repetition rates (9.3/sec and 39/sec), two gating functions (Trapezoid and Blackman), and four frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz). Our results are specified using three physical references: dB peak sound pressure level, dB peak-to-peak equivalent sound pressure level, and dB SPL (fast meter response, rate = 50 stimuli/sec). These data are offered for consideration when calibrating ABR equipment. The 39/sec stimulus rate yielded tone-burst thresholds that were approximately 3 dB lower than the 9.3/sec rate. The improvement in threshold with increasing stimulus rate may reflect the ability of the auditory system to integrate energy that occurs within a time interval of 200 to 500 msec (temporal integration). The Trapezoid gating function yielded thresholds that averaged 1.4 dB lower than the Blackman function. Although these differences are small and of little clinical importance, the cumulative effects of several instrument and/or procedural variables may yield clinically important differences.
Abbreviations: ANSI = American National Standards Institute, IHS = Intelligent Hearing Systems, peSPL = peak equivalent sound pressure level, ppeSPL = peak-to-peak equivalent sound pressure level, pSPL = peak sound pressure level
Effect of Spectral Shaping and Content on Loudness Discomfort
Authors: Bentler Ruth A. , Nelson John A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to study the impact of spectral shape and content on thresholds of discomfort (TD) for listeners with normal hearing and listeners with hearing loss. Secondary to that purpose was to quantify binaural summation at high intensities across complex stimulus conditions for both groups of listeners. Forty subjects (20 with normal hearing, 20 with hearing loss) participated. Complex acoustic stimuli (multitone and continuous discourse) were filtered to have four spectral shapes: (1) flat spectrum, (2) long-term average speech spectrum, (3) reverse long-term average speech spectrum, and (4) theTD contour derived for each subject from pure-tone TD obtained with eight pure tones from 250 to 4000 Hz. The results suggest that (1) TD for complex stimuli are lower for subjects with hearing loss compared with those with normal hearing, suggesting increased loudness summation with this population; (2) binaural summation of approximately 6 dB (independent of stimulus type, filter shape, or spectral content), indicating that a correction of similar magnitude for bilateral hearing aid fittings is appropriate; and (3) TD obtained at 750, 1500, and 3000 Hz accounted for approximately 60 percent of the variance in the complex TD measures, suggesting that TD at these frequencies be used to set the output obtained from a hearing aid with a 90–dB pure-tone sweep as the input stimulus.
Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, FIR = finite-impulse response, FS = flat spectrum, LTASS = long-term average speech spectrum, OSPL90 = output obtained from a hearing aid with a 90–dB pure-tone sweep as the input stimulus, R-LTASS = reverse long-term average speech spectrum, TD = threshold(s) of discomfort, TD contour = spectrum derived from TDs obtained with eight pure tones from 250 to 4000 Hz