bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effective components and mechanism of the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne to promote hair growth
Authors: Zhou You , zhang Jingwen , Chen Wanyue , Li Xiaoli , Fu Ke , Sun Weijun , Liang Yuan , Xu Min , Zhang Jing , Fan Gang , Yin Hongxiang , Wang Zhang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study is to reveal the effective components and their mechanism of hair growth promotion in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne, and to improve its quality control level. Methods Network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of action and active components in the treatment of the kernel of P. mira. The contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid and amygdalin in 12 batches of the kernel of P. mira were determined by HPLC. An animal model of the depilation of KM mice induced by sodium sulfide was created, and then 5 effective components that promoted hair growth were initially screened. An animal model of C57BL/6 mice depilation model induced by sodium sulfide was created, and the 5 effective components selected above were used for re-evaluating, so as to clarify the 3 effective components that promote hair growth. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the influence of the expression of indicators in the skin Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, including β-catenin, GSK-3β, mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin D 1 and LEF 1. Results In the study of network pharmacology, it was found that there were 149 targets for the chemical composition and alopecia in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne, and the "protein-protein network interaction diagram" and the network diagrams of "components in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne - chemical -targets-hair loss" were constructed. KEGG enrichment resulted in 12 alopecia related pathways, involving 25 targets and 13 components. The methodological investigation of oleic acid, linoleic acid and amygdalin in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne were carried out by HPLC. Furthermore, The average content of oleic acid, linoleic acid and amygdalin in 12 batches from different producing areas is 428.91mg/mL, 99.89mg/mL, 17.27 mg/mL. Vitamin E (3.125 mg/cm2/d), β-sitosterol (0.061 mg/cm2/d), linoleic acid (0.156 mg/cm2/d) had the effect of promoting hair growth in mice, and could up-regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the mRNA expression of LEF 1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin also showed an upward trend, but they had no significant effect on the protein expression of the four indicators.Conclusions The determination method of oleic acid, linoleic acid and amygdalin in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne was established by HPLC, which improved the quality standard. Vitamin E (3.125 mg/cm2/d), β-sitosterol (0.061 mg/cm2/d) and linoleic acid (0.156 mg/cm2/d) in the kernel of Prunus mira Koehne can promote hair growth in mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Carvacrol reduces abnormal and dead sperm counts by attenuating sodium arsenite-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in testicular tissues of rats
Authors: Gur Cihan , Akarsu Serkan Ali , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The present study investigated the protective effects of carvacrol (CAR) against testicular toxicity induced by sodium arsenite (SA). Methods and Results: Rats were given SA and/or CAR for 14 days. Semen analyzes showed that CAR increased sperm motility and decreased the percentage of anarmol and dead sperm. It was determined that the oxidative stress induced by SA decreased with the increase of Nrf-2 and HO-1 expressions, SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH levels, and MDA levels decreased after CAR treatment. It was observed that autophagy and inflammation triggered by SA in testicular tissue were alleviated by suppressing the expressions of LC3A, LC3B, MAPK-14, NF-kB, TNF-a, IL-1b, iNOS and COX-2 biomarkers in rats given CAR. CAR treatment protected against apoptosis by suppressing Bax and Caspase-3 expressions and triggering Bcl-2 expression in testicles. Conclusions: As a result, it was seen that CAR could provide protection against SA-induced damage in testicular tissues of rats.
Clinical factors associated with cerebral autoregulation in ischemic stroke related to small artery occlusion
Authors: Wu Xiaohong , Zhou Yanxia , Shen Yanxia , Lei Zhihao , Xiao Kun , Zhang Pandeng , Liu Jia , Ren Lijie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Existing data suggest that cerebral autoregulation (CA) varies among different subtypes of ischaemic stroke. CA is globally impaired in patients with small artery occlusion (SAO). However, the factors influencing CA impairment in patients remains to be elucidated.
Methods
Stroke patients with SAO who underwent blood and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were prospectively studied. Within 7 days after stroke onset, CA was recorded from the middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity and arterial blood pressure was simultaneously measured. Transfer function analysis was used to derive CA parameters, including gain and phase. Clinical characteristics, mean arterial pressure (MAP), biochemical findings, and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers on MRI were assessed in each patient. Factors associated with CA parameters were investigated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between clinical factors and CA parameters.
Results
Sixty-three SAO patients (age, 56.3 ± 9.9 years; 55 men) were enrolled in the study. In the multiple linear regression analysis, after controlling for relevant clinical factors, MAP on admission (ipsilateral β = -0.396 and contralateral β = -0.359, both P < 0.005) was a significant independent predictor of bilateral gain. MAP > 105 mmHg on admission (β = -0.323, P = 0.019) was significantly associated with ipsilateral gain. Diabetes mellitus was a significant predictive factor for bilateral gain (ipsilateral β = 0.292 and contralateral β = 0.262, both P < 0.005). No correlations were found between CA parameters and CSVD characteristics.
Conclusion
In SAO-related ischaemic stroke, patients with MAP > 105 mmHg on admission tended to have better ipsilateral CA. An appropriate increase in MAP during the acute phase after stroke may help improve CA. Diabetes mellitus appears to be an independent risk factor for CA impairment in patients with SAO-related stroke. CSVD may not be the main factor affecting bilateral CA in patients with SAO.
Compensation of low-frequency noise induced by power line in trapped-ion system
Authors: Hu Han , Xie Yi , Zhang Man-chao , Qin Qing-qing , Zhang Jie , Su Wen-bo , Zhan Tian-xiang , Wu Chun-wang , Chen Ping-xing , Wu Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The low-frequency magnetic field noise resulting from the lab[1]oratory power supply is one of the main decoherence sources of trapped-ion qubits. Synchronizing the experimental sequence to the phase of the power line is widely used to mitigate this problem, but it will greatly reduce the ex[1]perimental efficiency. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a simple active compensation method to reduce the observed 50 Hz and 150 Hz strong magnetic noise in an ion trap induced by the power line. In our method, a single 40Ca+ ion is used as the noise probe and an reverse compensation sig[1]nal is generated by a programmable arbitrary waveform generator (AWG).After compensation, an 86% reduction of the periodic magnetic field fluc[1]tuation and over 35-fold extension of the coherence time from 70 µs to 2500 µs were observed. This method can also be applied to compensate other spectral components of the magnetic field noise related to the power line, and it is also useful for other atomic systems such as neutral atoms.
Intra-operative hemi-diaphragm electrical stimulation does not change mitochondrial function in cardiothoracic surgery patients
Authors: Mankowski Robert T. , Wohlgemuth Stephanie E. , Bresciani Guilherme , Martin A. Daniel , Arnaoutakis George , Martin Tomas , Jeng Eric , Ferreira Leonardo , Machuca Tiago , Rackauskas Mindaugas , Smuder Ashley J. , Beaver Thomas , Leeuwenburgh Christiaan , Smith Barbara K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Mechanical ventilation during cardiothoracic surgery is life-saving, but leads to ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) and prolongs weaning from the ventilator and hospital stay. Intra-operative diaphragm electrical stimulation may preserve mitochondrial function, and thus prevent VIDD.Methods: We studied 21 patients stimulating a phrenic nerve of one hemidiaphragm every 30 min for 1min during a surgery. We collected diaphragm biopsies after the last stimulation and analyzed for mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized fibers, and protein expression and enzymatic activity of biomarkers of muscle atrophy, oxidative stress and mitophagy. Results: Patients received on average 6.2 (1.9) stimulation bouts. Stimulated hemidiaphragm showed attenuated integrative and intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory function. There were no significant differences between oxidative stress, mitophagy and atrophy protein expression levels, and mitochondrial enzyme activities.Conclusions: Intraoperative phrenic nerve electrical stimulation led to an impairment of mitochondrial respiration in the stimulated hemidiaphragm without differences in biomarkers of atrophy and oxidative stress. Future studies warrant investigating optimal stimulation doses and testing post-operative chronic stimulation effects on weaning from the ventilator and rehabilitation outcomes.Trial registration: NCT03303040, Registered on the 5th of October 2017. No retrospective registration statement needed – first subject was enrolled on 2/14/2018.
In silico biomechanical analysis of Poller screw-assisted small-diameter intramedullary nail in the treatment of distal tibial fractures
Authors: Tan Jinchuan , Yang Yang , Wang Mian , Huang Xuecheng , Ouyang Hanbin , Zhao Dongliang , Huang Gang , Deng Yuping , Huang Wenhua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the biomechanical effects of Poller screws combined with small-diameter intramedullary nails in the treatment of distal tibial fractures at different locations and on different planes.
Methods
Data were acquired from one cadaveric lower limb (male, age 39 years) via computed tomography. Finite element modeling simulated the placement of small-diameter intramedullary nails and poller screws for distal tibial fractures. Nine finite element models were established in this study. The models containing poller screw were set as the experimental group, and the model containing only intramedullary nail was set as the control group.Construct stiffness and directional micro-motion through the fracture were investigated to assess the poller effects of Poller screws. The allowable stress method was used to evaluate the safety of the construct.
Results
Under the load condition of 500N, the mean axial stiffness with IMN only was 973.38 ± 95.65 N/mm, which was significantly less than that in the two PS groups at positions A and B. The axial stiffness means in the sagittal plane group at position A and position B were 2698.84 ± 296.53 N/mm and 2234.47 ± 254.69 N/mm (P༜0.05). The axial stiffness means in the coronal plane group from position A and position B were 2139.50 ± 262.46 N/mm and 2439.53 ± 518.26 N/mm. The shear displacements of position A and position B in sagittal plane group and coronal plane group were 0.410mm ± 0.12mm, 0.487 mm ± 0.06 mm, 0.168mm ± 0.11mm and 0.187mm ± 0.07mm. The above displacements were all smaller than the shear displacements of the models containing only intramedullary nail: 2.10mm ± 0.02mm (P < 0.05). Under physiological load, the stresses of all internal fixation devices and the nail-bone interface were within a safe range.
Conclusion
In the treatment of distal tibial fractures, placing the poller screw in the proximal fracture block can obtain better biomechanical performance.The intramedullary fixation system can obtain higher structural stiffness and reduce the displacement of the fracture end by adding poller screws.
Prediction of Immune Infiltration and Prognosis for Patients with Urothelial Bladder Cancer Based on the DNA Damage Repair-related Genes Signature
Authors: Li Tianhang , Jiang Ning , Bai Yuhao , Liu Tianyao , Zhao Zihan , Xu Xinyan , Zhang Yulin , Wei Fayun , Sun Rui , Liu Siyang , Li Jiazheng , Guo Hongqian , Yang Rong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To analyze the correlations between the expression and effect of DNA damage repair genes and the immune status and clinical outcomes of urothelial bladder cancer (BLCA) patients. In addition, we evaluate the value of utilizing DNA damage repair genes signatures as a prognosis model.
Methods
Two subtype groups (C1 and C2) were produced based on the varied expression of DNA damage repair genes. Significantly differentiated genes and predicted enriched pathways were obtained between the two subtypes. Through infiltrating and screening, 7 key genes were obtained and a 7-gene signature prognosis model was established based on the key genes. The efficacy and accuracy of this model in prognosis prediction was evaluated and verified in two independent databases. Also, the difference in biological functions, drug sensitivity, immune infiltration and affinity between the high-risk group and low-risk group was analyzed.
Results
DNA damage repair gene signature could significantly differentiate the BLCA into two molecular subgroups with varied genetic expression and enriched pathways. 7 key genes were screened out from the 232 candidate genes for prognosis prediction and helped establish a 7-gene signature prognosis model. Two independent patient cohorts (TCGA cohort and GEO cohort) were utilized to validate the efficacy of the prognosis model, which demonstrated an effective capability to differentiate and predict the overall survival of BLCA patients. Also, the high-risk group and low-risk group derived from the 7-gene model exhibited significantly difference in drug sensitivity, immune infiltration status and biological pathways enrichment.
Conclusions
Our established 7-gene signature model based on the DNA damage repair genes could serve as a novel prognosis predictive tool for BLCA. The differentiation of BLCA patients based on the 7-gene signature model may be of great value for the appropriate selection of specific chemotherapy agents and immune-checkpoint blockade therapy administration.
Practical model for residual/recurrent cervical intraepithelial lesions in patients with negative margins after cold-knife conization
Authors: Chen Wei , Dong Yajie , Liu Lu , Jia Lin , Meng Lihua , liu Hongli , wang Lili , Xu Ying , Zhang Youzhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to identify reliable risk factors for residual/recurrent cervical intraepithelial lesions in patients with negative margins after cold-knife conization. 2352 women with HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) were treated with cold-knife conization with a negative margin from January 2014 to December 2020 and followed up until December 2021. Univariate analysis was used to select discriminative clinical features. Multivariate logistic regression was used to built four predictive models based on the different combination of follow-up data (Model A: preoperative factors; Model B: first follow-up data; Model C: second follow-up data; Model D: both follow-up data). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate (FPR), false-negative rate (FNR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were evaluated on the validation cohort. The predictive power of risk factors was further validated using six machine learning algorithms. Model D demonstrated the highest AUC 0.91 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.96) in the validation cohort, while Model A-C achieved AUCs of 0.69 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.78), 0.88 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.95) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.97) respectively. Six machine learning methods achieved consistent results. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves demonstrated that our models can effectively stratify patients with all models (p < 0.05 for all models). The identification model can serve as a complementary screening procedure for early detection or prediction of recurrence after cold-knife conization in HSIL patients.
Social and mental health needs of Palestine refugees and UNRWA responses in Gaza during the Covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative assessment
Authors: Jamal Zeina , ElKhatib Zoheir , AlBaik Shatha , Horino Masako , Waleed Mohammed , Fawaz Farah , Loffreda Giulia , Akihiro Seita , Witter Sophie , Diaconu Karin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Refugees are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of the pandemic due to pre-existing challenges, but the impact of the pandemic on this group remains to be understood. In this study, we aimed to uncover the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of Palestine refugees in Gaza, disentangling the role of social determinants. We further aimed to explore views on the effectiveness and acceptability of policies and strategies the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) implemented during the pandemic.
Methods
This qualitative study took place between August and November 2020. Twenty-nine key-informant interviews were conducted with UNRWA Headquarters, Gaza Field Office, Health and Relief and Social Service staff and with community leaders and members residing in Rafah and Jabalia camps. We collected information on UNRWA’s strategies, people’s perception of those strategies, and personal and professional stressors during the pandemic. Data was coded based on the framework for social determinant of mental health.
Results
Interview data suggest that the pandemic and social determinants mutually aggravated one another resulting in a major impact on the physical and mental health of Gazans. Women, children and daily-paid workers were acutely more disadvantaged than other groups of the community, experiencing violence and anxieties. Financial strain, violence, food insecurity, and disruption in the education process were reported by all participants. UNRWA reconfigured its methods of service delivery to continue the provision of essential services. The strategies enacted by UNRWA during the pandemic were generally perceived as helpful, yet not enough to respond to Gazans’ needs.
Conclusion
The pandemic serves as a stark reminder of the need to broaden the public health response beyond disease management and prevention to address social determinants in order to improve refugees’ health and decrease their vulnerability to future shocks. UNRWA deployed telemedicine and mental telehealth services at short notice and the need to evaluate these new modes of remote service delivery is essential. The use of a hybrid approach, a combination of online and face-to-face therapy, could be useful as a long-term solution.
Identification of four potential hematologic biomarkers for the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Wang Minghui , Zhao Yeyu , Wan Qin-si 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) is often challenging and remains an urgent need for new diagnose options. This study aimed to identify new serological biomarkers and explored the role of these markers in the diagnosis of CD .
Method
Gene expression profiles in CD and normal for tissue and peripheral blood were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by R software. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), gene ontology(GO) enrichment and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis were performed to inspect the functional annotation of these DEGs. The overlapping DEGs that were up-/down-regulated both in the tissue and blood sample were used to develop diagnose model. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the model's performance.
Result
A total of 224 DEGs were identified between CD and normal tissue samples from the datasets GSE126124, GSE95095 and GSE16879. Enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs are mostly enriched in humoral immune response, regulation of inflammatory response, granulocyte migration, cell chemotaxis, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, complement coagulation cascades. Six haematologic/tissular-specific expressed genes(PDZK1IP1, STAT1, PI3, VAV1, PTGDS and LAIR2) were identified from the GSE119600 datasets. A proposed model with STAT1, PI3 ,VAV1 and PTGDS achieved 86.3% accuracy, 91.0% sensitivity and 77.1% specificity in the training set. The model also displayed good discriminative power with 96.4% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity in the validation set.
Conclusion
This work identified four genes as potential hematologic biomarkers of CD. The proposed model showed good performance which would be helpful for the early diagnosis of CD.
High expression of COL1A1 exaggerates bone metastasis in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer and is potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target
Authors: Tan Yujing , Fan Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bone metastasis accounts for a frequent complication in advanced estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, with staggeringly high percentage up to 70%. However, our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying bone metastasis remains insufficient. In our study, 216 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to bone metastasis in ER + breast cancer were screened out. Enrichment analysis showed that, DEGs were enriched in construction of tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix, cell adhesion molecules and blood vessel development. In-depth analysis was performed on 4 dominant overlapped genes to investigate their functional feasibility in immune regulation, prognosis and pharmacological application. The expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and SPARC was elevated in bone metastasis evolution and potentially associated with poor prognosis, but with no statistical significance. Halofuginone targeted on COL1A1 was pharmacologically inhibit progress of bony metastasis. Our results indicated that, high expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and SPARC could be served as biomarkers for bone metastasis screening, and halofuginone could be developed for new therapeutic option after further clinical investigation.
Efficacy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for cancer prognosis in elderly patients with colon cancer: A single center propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Oyama Shosaburo , Takamura Yuma , Hashimoto Shintaro , Shiraishi Toshio , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been studied for several cancers, including colon cancer. Elderly patients in general tend to have comorbidities, poor performance status, and decreased organ function that potentially influence the NLR score. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NLR and cancer prognosis in elderly patients with colon cancer, using a propensity score-matched analysis.
Methods
A total of 203 patients aged over 75 years who underwent curative resection for colon cancer and were diagnosed pathologically with stage II/III disease were eligible for entry to the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to NLR score: NLR-High (NLR ≥ 4.5) group (NLR-H, n = 60) and NLR-Low (NLR < 4.5) group (NLR-L, n = 143). After propensity score matching, 57 patients in each group were matched.
Results
Before matching, ASA-PS (p = 0.002) and the presence of comorbidities (80.0% vs. 58.1%, p = 0.003) were significantly poor in the NLR-H group. After matching, all factors were similar between the groups. The median follow-up period was 43 months (range, 1–160 months). The 5-year RFS was significantly lower in the NLR-H group (65.6% vs. 85.8%, p = 0.001) after matching. The 5-year relapse-free-survival (69.8% vs. 87.3%, p = 0.030) and cancer-specific-survival (83.0% vs. 96.0%, p = 0.042) were significantly lower in the NLR-H group.
Conclusions
NLR appears to be a prognostic marker in elderly patients with colon cancer.