bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A miniaturized ultrasound transducer for monitoring full-mouth oral health: a preliminary study
Authors: Qi Baiyan , Hariri Ali , Nezhad Reza K. , Fu Lei , Li Yi , Jin Zhicheng , Yim Wonjun , He Tengyu , Cheng Yong , Zhou Jiajing , Jokerst Jesse V. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo customize a miniaturized ultrasound transducer to access full-mouth B-mode, color Doppler and spectral Doppler imaging for monitoring oral health.MethodsA customized periodontal ultrasound transducer SS-19-128 (19 MHz, 128 channels) with 1.8 cm wide and 1 cm thick was developed and connected to a data acquisition (DAQ) system. B-mode, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler data could all be collected with SS-19-128. The imaging resolution and penetration capacity of SS-19-128 were characterized on phantoms. Five human subjects were recruited to demonstrate B-mode and Doppler imaging by SS-19-128. Gingival thickness was measured on 11 swine teeth by SS-19-128 for comparison to conventional transgingival probing via Bland-Altman analysis and Pearson correlation.ResultsThe axial and lateral spatial resolution at 5.5 mm depth is 102.1 μm and 142.9 μm, respectively. The penetration depth in a tissue-mimicking phantom is over 30 mm. In vivo B-mode imaging of all 28 teeth was demonstrated on one human subject, and imaging of tooth #18 was accessed on five human subjects. Gingival thickness measurement compared with transgingival probing showed a bias of −0.015 mm and SD of 0.031 mm, and a r = 0.9235 (P<0.0001) correlation. In vivo color and spectral Doppler imaging of the supraperiosteal artery in human gingiva was performed to generate hemodynamic information.ConclusionsThe small size of SS-19-128 offers important advantages over existing technology—more specifically, whole-mouth scanning/charting reminiscent of radiography. This is nearly a two-fold increase in the number of teeth that can be assessed versus existing transducers.
Imaging optically thick tissues simply and reproducibly: a practical guide to Lightsheet Macroscopy
Authors: Williams Rebecca M. , Bloom Jordana C. , Robertus Cara , Recknagel Andrew K. , Putnam David , Schimenti John C. , Zipfel Warren R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLightsheet microscopy offers an ideal method for imaging of large (mm-cm scale) biological tissues rendered transparent via optical clearing protocols. However the diversity of clearing technologies and tissue types, and how these are adapted to the microscope can make tissue mounting glitchy and somewhat irreproducible. Tissue preparation for imaging can involve glues and or equilibration in a variety of expensive and/or proprietary formulations. Here we present practical advice for mounting and capping cleared tissues in optical cuvettes for macroscopic imaging, providing a standardized 3D cell that can be imaged routinely and relatively inexpensively. We show that acrylic cuvettes should be non-aberrating with objective numerical apertures less than 0.65, and present an inexpensive tool for alignment and calibration of standard lightsheet parameters. Mouse embryo, liver and heart imaging are demonstrated as examples with practical recommendations for acquisition and post-processing.
Full-mouth photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging of the periodontal pocket with a compact intraoral transducer
Authors: Fu Lei , Khazaeinezhad Reza , Hariri Ali , Qi Baiyan , Chen Casey , Jokerst Jesse V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeriodontitis is a public issue and imaging periodontal pocket is important to evaluate periodontitis. Regular linear transducers have limitations in imaging the posterior teeth due to their geometry restrictions. Here we characterized a transducer that can image the entire human mouth including assessment of periodontal pockets via a combination of photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging. Unlike conventional transducer design, this device has a toothbrush-shaped form factor with a side-view transducer to image molars (total size: 1 × 1.9 cm). A laser diode was integrated as the light source to reduce the cost and size and facilitates clinical transition. The in vivo imaging of a molar of a periodontal patient demonstrated that the transducer could image in the posterior area of gum in vivo; the value determined by imaging was within 7% of the value measured clinically.
Helical remodeling augments 5-lipoxygenase activity
Authors: Gallegos Eden M. , Reed Tanner D. , Mathes Forge A. , Guevera Nelson , Neau David B. , Huang Wei , Newcomer Marcia E. , Gilbert Nathaniel C. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes implicated in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atherosclerosis is initiated by the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). The crystal structure of human Stable-5-LOX revealed a conformation where the catalytic iron was inaccessible to bulk solvent as two aromatic residues on a conserved helix-α2 (Hα2) plugged the substrate access portal. Here, we present a new conformation of 5-LOX where Hα2 adopts an elongated conformation equivalent to that described in other animal lipoxygenase structures. The sigmoidal kinetic behavior of 5-LOX, which is indicative of positive cooperativity, is consistent with a substrate-induced conformational change that shifts the ensemble of enzyme populations to favor the catalytically competent state. Strategic point mutations along Hα2 designed to unlock the closed conformation and elongate Hα2 resulted in improved kinetic parameters, altered limited-proteolysis data, and a drastic reduction in the length of the lag phase yielding the most active 5-LOX enzyme to date. Structural predictions by AlphaFold2 of these variants statistically favor an elongated Hα2 and reinforce a model in which improved kinetic parameters correlate with a more readily adopted, open conformation.
A neural decision signal during internal sampling from working memory
Authors: van Ede Freek , Nobre Anna C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHow humans transform sensory information into decisions that steer purposeful behaviour is a central question in psychology and neuroscience that is traditionally investigated during the sampling of external sensations. The decision-making framework of gradual information sampling toward a decision has been proposed also to apply when sampling internal sensory evidence from memory. However, neural evidence for this proposal remains lacking. Here we report that sampling internal visual representations from working memory elicits a scalp-EEG potential associated with gradual evidence accumulation – the Central Parietal Positivity (CPP). Consistent with an evolving decision process, we show how this signal (i) builds up to, and scales with, the time participants require to reach a decision about the cued memory content and (ii) is amplified when having to select (decide) among multiple contents in working memory. These results bring the electrophysiology of decision making into the domain of working memory and suggest that variability in memory-guided behaviour may be driven (at least in part) by variations in the sampling of our inner mental contents.
Relative stability of mRNA and protein severely limits inference of gene networks from single-cell mRNA measurements
Authors: Mahajan Tarun , Saint-Antoine Michael , Dar Roy D. , Singh Abhyudai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInference of gene regulatory networks from single-cell expression data, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, is a popular problem in computational biology. Despite diverse methods spanning information theory, machine learning, and statistics, it is unsolved. This shortcoming can be attributed to measurement errors, lack of perturbation data, or difficulty in causal inference. Yet, it is not known if kinetic properties of gene expression also cause an issue. We show how the relative stability of mRNA and protein hampers inference. Available inference methods perform benchmarking on synthetic data lacking protein species, which is biologically incorrect. We use a simple model of gene expression, incorporating both mRNA and protein, to show that a more stable protein than mRNA can cause loss in correlation between the mRNA of a transcription factor and its target gene. This can also happen when mRNA and protein are on the same timescale. The relative difference in timescales affects true interactions more strongly than false positives, which may not be suppressed. Besides correlation, we find that information-theoretic nonlinear measures are also prone to this problem. Finally, we demonstrate these principles in real single-cell RNA sequencing data for over 1700 yeast genes.
Oncogene-induced matrix reorganization controls CD8+T cell function in the soft-tissue sarcoma microenvironment
Authors: Fuller Ashley M. , Pruitt Hawley C. , Liu Ying , Irizarry-Negron Valerie , Pan Hehai , Song Hoogeun , DeVine Ann , Katti Rohan , Devalaraja Samir , Ciotti Gabrielle E. , Gonzalez Michael , Williams Erik F. , Murazzi Ileana , Ntekoumes Dimitris , Skuli Nicolas , Hakonarson Hakon , Zabransky Daniel , Trevino Jose , Weeraratna Ashani , Weber Kristy , Haldar Malay , Fraietta Joseph A. , Gerecht Sharon , Eisinger-Mathason T. S. Karin 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTCD8+T cell dysfunction impedes anti-tumor immunity in solid cancers but the underlying mechanisms are diverse and poorly understood. Extracellular matrix (ECM) composition has been linked to both impaired T cell migration and enhanced tumor progression; however, impacts of individual ECM molecules on T cell function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are only beginning to be elucidated. Upstream regulators of aberrant ECM deposition and organization in solid tumors are equally ill-defined. Therefore, we investigated how ECM composition modulates CD8+T cell function in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), an immunologically active and desmoplastic tumor. Using an autochthonous murine model of UPS and data from multiple human patient cohorts, we discovered a multifaceted mechanism wherein the transcriptional co-activator YAP1 promotes collagen VI (COLVI) deposition in the UPS TME. In turn, COLVI induces CD8+T cell dysfunction and immune evasion by remodeling fibrillar collagen and inhibiting T cell autophagic flux. Unexpectedly, collagen I (COLI) opposed COLVI in this setting, promoting CD8+T cell function and acting as a tumor suppressor. Thus, CD8+T cell responses in sarcoma depend upon oncogene-mediated ECM composition and remodeling.
Yes bank: a case of quick turnaround
Authors: Jethwani Kinjal , Ramchandani Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes of this paper is as follows: to understand and analyze the turnaround model of Pearce and Robbins (1993); to familiarize with parameters and actions in the Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework of Reserve Bank of India (RBI); to comprehend the probable situation warranting turnaround; to identify the key ratios which signal the financial health of a bank; and to understand the applicability of the turnaround model in bank’s revival.

Case overview/synopsis
The case explores various challenges faced by Mr Prashant Kumar during the turnaround process of Yes bank. The youngest bank started its operation in 2004, and in the first six years of operations, Yes bank registered a compound annual growth rate of 100% on the balance sheet, becoming the fourth-largest private sector bank in the country. However, the irony is that this shine and glitter was a short-lived phenomenon and after the regulatory inspection of 2016, Yes bank collapsed like a house of cards. This case has incorporated the three major phases of Yes bank i.e. the rise, the fall and the revival. The turnaround process led by Mr Kumar was explained using the turnaround model given by Pearce and Robbins (1993) and the PCA framework of the RBI. The conditions which warranted the need for the turnaround in Yes bank and the factors responsible for the same are discussed. The multiple challenges faced by Mr Kumar and the strategic responses adopted by him were incorporated in great detail. What were the outcomes of those strategic choices? Should he continue with similar approaches? Was he successful in stabilizing the bank which was broken from the core? What next if stability is achieved? How Mr Kumar should lift Yes bank to the recovery zone? And most importantly, will Mr Kumar be able to change the poor public image of Yes bank? The reflections of all the above questions are narrated with the actions of Mr Kumar.

Complexity academic level
The case is intended to be taught in the class of strategic management for postgraduate-, master- or executive-level participants of business administration. As the case is focused on a banking organization, it also can be taught in banking class.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Digital pedagogies for librarians in higher education: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Saib Mousin Omar , Rajkoomar Mogiveny , Naicker Nalindren , Olugbara Cecilia Temilola 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and present a global perspective of digital pedagogies in relation to technology and academic librarians.

Design/methodology/approach
The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology was used in this study.

Findings
Based on the data, academic librarians must develop a foundational understanding of 21st century pedagogies and digital skills to teach in an online environment.

Originality/value
This review paper considers the emergent teaching role of the academic librarian within the digital environment. The themes in the findings highlight the importance of digital pedagogical knowledge and digital fluency of academic librarians as a teacher within the digital environment in higher education.
Revitalizing indigenous ways of maintaining food security in a changing climate: review of the evidence base from Africa
Authors: Chanza Nelson , Musakwa Walter 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Against a milieu of fragmented research that documents indigenous practices related to food security, and the heterogeneous settings from which the studies have been conducted, this study aims to synthesize the evidence of indigenous knowledge-food security nexus to strengthen the call for the revitalization of indigenous knowledge (IK) as part of the mechanisms to manage food security challenges being aggravated by climate change.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on insights from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), this study reviews 122 articles accessed from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, which covered indigenous methods used for producing, gathering, processing, preserving and storing diverse food sources that indigenous people deploy in securing their food systems.

Findings
The surge in attention to focus on IK-food security nexus tends to be influenced by the growing acknowledgement of climate change impacts on food systems. Essentially, the IK-based practices adopted address all the four food security pillars that are specified by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) as availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. The main motivation behind the continued use of IK-based ways relates largely to the interest to be food secure against climatic shocks and partly to the desire to maintain people’s food cultures and food sovereignty.

Originality/value
This study deploys the food security pillars provided by the FAO (2012) to demonstrate that IK-based ways of food management are capable of addressing all the four food security dimensions, a critical observation toward revitalizing IK in managing growing food security challenges that are intensified by climate change in SSA.
Implication of theory of planned behavior and marketing mix variables in assessing the mindset of consumers for solar products in India
Authors: Alam Ansari Sarwar , Fathima M.S. Arshiya 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Researchers are of the point of view that solar products are important, concerning society, environment and sustainability and thus with a standpoint belief that the awareness, as well as the perception of consumers, should be changed. With this understanding, this study aims to access and know the mindset of Indian consumers regarding solar products.

Design/methodology/approach
The respondent for the study was chosen from the four different states of India, i.e. Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and one union territory of India, i.e. Jammu and Kashmir. For the best results, 501 questionnaires were distributed among selected areas. The interview method with the questionnaire was used by the researcher in the urban and rural areas of the Maharashtra, Bihar and urban areas of Uttar Pradesh. The data were also collected based on the questionnaire from Jammu and Kashmir, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. The researchers have used the convenience sample method, as it was more suitable for the study. The researchers have targeted rural and urban areas to know the awareness of solar product utility with reference to the social marketing aspect.

Findings
Attitude, subjective norm, price and promotion variables impact consumers’ purchase intention.

Research limitations/implications
This study is useful for academicians, social marketers, business practitioners and researchers to enhance their knowledge about the perception of Indian consumers toward solar products.

Practical implications
This paper will help the social marketers focus on their thinking and activities, which in turn will help policymakers, people and professionals concerned with the social marketing aspect.

Social implications
It is hoped that this research work will add value to the social marketing aspect and help social marketers, policymakers, practitioners and society. The paper has accomplished connecting people with solar products for the betterment of society.

Originality/value
The paper contains original ideas and a unique perspective on social marketing, which will be useful for social marketers and practitioners.
Examining Islamic microfinance as a mechanism of Takaful in high-risk countries: case study of Palestine
Authors: Migdad Abdalrahman Mohamad 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the intersection between Islamic microfinance (MF) (IsMF) and Takaful in high-risk economies and propose a model for the sustainable application of IsMF. The word Takaful, although used to refer to Islamic insurance, means solidarity and is used as such in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper used a descriptive and analytical method to present findings derived from secondary data collected from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics and primary data from semi-structured interviews.

Findings
Need in the Palestinian household is very high, and the performance of Palestinian MF institutions (MFI) was found to have deviated from the spirit of MF. A significant shortcoming by MFI lies in the Palestinian law that focuses on organizing MFI’s operations as financial institutions only. With a deviated purpose and generalized laws, the paper proposed a model of IMF. The model consists of three stages covering mission and market-based financing for the economically incapable and those better off. Finally, enacting laws to protect micro-enterprises and cooperation between institutions that operate at each stage is necessary.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the literature on MF and IsMF, especially in high-risk countries. Furthermore, this study proposes a model for IsMF best practices based on the spirit of MF where it is most needed.
Operation space analysis and trajectory planning of mechanical arm in narrow space for GIS (gas insulated switchgear) inspection robot
Authors: Pan Zhimin , Yan Yu , Huang Yizhou , Jiang Wei , Ye Gao Cheng , Li Hong Jun 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to achieve optimal climbing control of the gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) robot, as the authors know that the GIS inspection robot is a kind of artificial intelligent mobile equipment which auxiliary or even substitute human labor drive on the inner wall of the gas-insulated metal enclosed switchgear. The GIS equipment fault inspection and maintenance can be realized through the robot manipulator on the mobile platform and the camera carried on the fuselage, and it is a kind of intelligent equipment for operation. To realize the inspection and operation of the GIS equipment pipeline without blind spots, the robot is required to be able to travel on any wall inside the pipeline, especially the top of the pipeline and both right and left sides of the pipeline, which requires the flexible climbing of the GIS inspection robot. The robot device has a certain adsorption function to ensure that the robot is fully attached to the wall surface. At the same time, the robot manipulator can be used for collision-free obstacle avoidance operation planning in the narrow operation space inside the GIS equipment.

Design/methodology/approach
The above two technologies are the key that the robot completes the GIS equipment inspections. Based on this, this paper focuses on modeling and analysis of the chassis adsorption characteristics for the GIS inspection robot. At the same time, the Denavit Hartenberg (D-H) coordinate model of the robot arm system has been established, and the kinematics forward and inverse solutions of the robot manipulator system have been derived.

Findings
The reachable working space point cloud diagram of the robot manipulator in MATLAB has been obtained based on the kinematics analysis, and the operation trajectory planning of the robot manipulator using the robot toolbox has been obtained. The simulation results show that the robot manipulator system can realize the movement without collision and obstacle avoidance. The space can cover the entire GIS pipeline so as to achieve no blind area operation.

Originality/value
Finally, the GIS inspection robot physical prototype system has been developed through system integration design, and the inspection, maintenance operation experiment has been carried out in the actual GIS equipment. The entire robot system can complete the GIS equipment inspection operation soundly and improve the operation efficiency. The research in this paper has important theoretical significance and practical application value for the optimization design and practical research of the GIS inspection robot system.