bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between psycho-behavioral risk factors and diabetic retinopathy: NHANES (2005–2018)
Authors: Sun Xiao-Jia , Zhang Guo-Heng , Guo Chang-Mei , Zhou Zi-Yi , Niu Ya-Li , Wang Ling , Dou Guo-Rui 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) increase the global burden. Since their pathogenesis is complex, it is necessary to use the biopsychosocial model to discover the most effective strategies. The study is aimed to investigate the psycho-behavioral factors of DR and confirm the discrepancies from previous studies.Research design and methodsThe study comprised seven cycles of cross-sectional data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005–2006 to 2017–2018. Samples of DM were selected from this complex multi-stage probability sample and divided into the non-DR and DR groups, where 4,426 samples represented 18,990,825 individuals after weighting. This study comprehensively explored the biological, social, and psychological risk factors of DR, among which the biological factors included blood pressure, blood routine, HbA1c%, blood glucose, the duration of DM, family history, comorbidities, and treatment methods. Social aspects include gender, education, income, insurance, smoking, drinking, sleep habits, and recreational activities. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the psychological state. Taylor series regression was used to examine the connection between factors and DR.ResultsMen accounted for 55.5% of the DR group (P = 0.0174). Lymphocyte count, insulin treatment, heart failure, stroke, liver condition, and renal failure showed significant differences in DR (P &lt; 0.05). The incidence of depression in DR was 40.5%. Mild to moderate depression [odds ratio was associated with DR [(OR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.79], but there was no statistical difference in severe depression (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.83–2.17). Although ≤ 6 h of sleep was associated with DR (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01–1.88), we found no statistical differences in alcohol consumption, recreational activities, or sedentary time between the two groups in our current study (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe biological risk factors of DR are significant. It showed that stroke is associated with DR, and retinal exams have the potential value as a screening tool for the brain. Besides, psycho-behavioral risk factors of DR should also be paid attention. Our study highlights that mild and moderate depression and ≤6 h of sleep are distinguishably associated with DM complicated with DR. It indicates that psycho-behavioral risk factors confer a vital influence on diabetic health care and DR.
Rumours, myths, and misperceptions as barriers to contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa
Authors: Jonas Kim , Duby Zoe , Maruping Kealeboga , Harries Jane , Mathews Catherine 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundRumours, myths, and misperceptions about contraceptives are a barrier to contraceptive use in general, but more so among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). As rumours and misinformation disseminate easily, it is important to explore how they affect the uptake of contraceptives among AGYW at risk of unintended pregnancies. This study used qualitative methods to explore whether rumours, myths, and misperceptions about contraceptives remain barriers to modern contraceptive use among AGYW who were beneficiaries of a combination HIV prevention intervention in South Africa.MethodsFour (4) once-off in-depth interviews, 53 serial in-depth interviews, and 19 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 185 AGYW aged 15–24 years living in 5 of the 10 intervention districts were conducted as part of the HERStory 1 Study. Interviews and FGDs were audio recorded and data were analysed thematically, aided by Nvivo 12 software.ResultsRumours, myths, and misperceptions about contraceptives, as well as sociocultural norms regarding contraception seriously hinder AGYWs’ use of modern contraceptives. Peer/friends’ disapproval and parents’ and boyfriend’s lack of support for AGYWs’ use of contraceptives, based on rumours and perceived side effects, also impede AGYWs’ access and use of contraceptives.ConclusionSexual and reproductive health programmes could address social norms that disapprove of contraception and target rumours, myths, and misperceptions regarding modern contraceptive methods through educational campaigns and community engagements. Promoting the use of contraception in the community and men’s acceptance of contraceptive use, in particular, may increase their understanding of modern contraceptives and, subsequently, their approval for their partners to use them.
Exploring the principles of self-healing polymers based on halogen bond interactions
Authors: Kampes Robin , Meurer Josefine , Hniopek Julian , Bernt Carolin , Zechel Stefan , Schmitt Michael , Popp Jürgen , Hager Martin D. , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: September 2022

In this study, novel self-healing polymers based on halogen bonds as reversible supramolecular crosslinking moieties are presented. The reversible crosslinking is facilitated by a polymer-bound bidentate halogen bond donor entity in combination with small molecule acceptor suberic acid. The binding strength of the crosslinking can be tuned via deprotonation of the diacid crosslinker. The material characteristics are investigated with several methods such as NMR and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry as well as rheology. The tactile profile measurements have been utilized to monitor the scratch healing ability of the polymer networks revealing excellent healing efficiencies up to 99% within 2 h at a temperature of 100°C. Thus, the self-healing ability of halogen bond polymers could be quantified for the first time.
Clinical efficacy of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar degenerative diseases: A minimum 6-year follow-up
Authors: Tang Jin , Li Ying , Wu Congjun , Xie Wei , Li Xugui , Gan Xuewen , Lu Qilin 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTransforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy (TELD) is widely applied for lumbar degenerative disease (LDDs) and satisfactory short-term outcomes have been achieved. However, the mid-term and long-term follow-up of this technique is still lacking.ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the mid-term clinical efficacy of TELD for single-level LDD and its effect on intervertebral disc degeneration with a minimum of 6-year follow-up.Methods64 patients with single-level LDDs (lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis) who underwent TELD under local anesthesia in our department from December 2014 to December 2015 were observed. Visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association evaluation treatment (JOA) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were calculated and compared before operation, 3 months after operation, 6 months after operation, 1 year after operation and at the last follow-up. Disc Height (DH), disc range of motion (ROM) and disc degeneration on standard lumbar lateral radiographs before operation and at the last follow-up were determined. Recurrence rate and operation-related complications during follow-up were recorded.Results64 cases were followed up for 6.4 ± 0.1 years. There were no complications such as infection, epidural hematoma and nerve root injury. 1 patient (1.67%) was found to have dural rupture and cauda equina hernia during the operation. There were significant differences in VAS, JOA, ODI between preoperative and postoperative 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and last follow-up (P &lt; 0 01), VAS, JOA, ODI at 3 months after operation were different from 6 months after operation (P &lt; 0 05), and there were significant differences compared with preoperative, 1 year after operation and last follow up (P &lt; 0 01). VAS, JOA and ODI at 6 months after operation were significantly different from those before operation (P &lt; 0.01), but not significantly different from those at 1 year after operation and the last follow-up (P &gt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in DH, ROM and the Pfirrmann grade of intervertebral disc preoperative and the last follow-up. During the follow-up period, 3 patients (4.69%) were recurrent, 13 patients (20.31%) had various degrees of postoperative dysesthesia (POD), and 3 patients (4.69%) had various degrees of muscle weakness.ConclusionTELD has a satisfactory mid-term efficacy, and has no significant effect on the DH, the stability of the intervertebral disc space, or on intervertebral disc degeneration. However, as expected, TELD was associated with some complications including recurrent disc herniation and POD.
The effect of intravenous lidocaine on propofol dosage in painless bronchoscopy of patients with COPD
Authors: Yang Li , He Tao , Liu Min-Xiao , Han Shi-Qiang , Wu Zhi-Ang , Hao Wei , Lu Zhi-Xia 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundWe tested the hypothesis that intravenous (IV) lidocaine reduces propofol requirements in painless bronchoscopy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsA total of 93 patients who underwent bronchoscopy were included in this randomized placebo-controlled study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. After the IV doses of nalbuphine, patients were given a bolus of propofol, which was titrated if necessary until loss of consciousness. Then patients were given IV lidocaine (2 mg/kg then 4 mg/kg/h) or the same volume of saline. The primary endpoint was the propofol requirements. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of hypoxemia, the incidence of cough during glottis examination, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) during bronchoscopy procedures, the bronchoscopist's comforts, and the time for wakefulness before recovery.ResultsLidocaine infusion resulted in a significant reduction in propofol requirements (p &lt; .0001), and the incidence of hypoxemia (p = .001) and cough (p = .003) during examination decreased significantly in the lidocaine group. During the examination, the fluctuation of SBP and HR was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; .05). Bronchoscopist's comforts were higher in the lidocaine group (p &lt; .001), and time for wakefulness (p &lt; .001) were significantly lower in the lidocaine group.ConclusionIn painless bronchoscopy in patients with COPD, IV infusion of lidocaine resulted in a reduction in propofol dose requirements and reduce the incidence of adverse events.
Clinical study on multi-focused laser in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus
Authors: Guo Jing-Qiu , Chen Song-Yan , Chen Xue-Mei , Lu Jing-Quan , Song Yu , Liu He-Yu , Hu Li-Na , Zhu Zheng-Yan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of Multi-focused (MF) laser in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS).MethodsIn this single-center, randomized controlled trial, we compared the effect of fractionated MF laser with other treatments on patients with biopsy-proven VLS. Patients with VLS were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into three groups. Patients in the experimental group were treated with a CO2 laser, control group 1 was treated with radiofrequency, and control group 2 was treated topically with glucocorticoids and soaking with Chinese patent medicine. The pruritus degree, skin elasticity, skin color, lesion scope, and total score were compared before treatment, at one month after treatment, and three months after treatment.ResultsOne month after treatment, the pruritus degree, skin elasticity, skin color, lesion scope, and total score decreased in the experimental group, and the differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). In control group 1, the differences in pruritus degree, skin color, and total score were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05), but the differences in skin elasticity and lesion scope were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). In control group 2, the differences in pruritus degree and total score were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05), but the differences in skin elasticity, skin color, and lesion scope were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). At one month after the end of treatment, the differences in pruritus degree, skin elasticity, skin color, lesion scope, and total score among the three groups were not statistically significant. At three months after the end of treatment, the differences in the scores of the five indicators were statistically significant.ConclusionFor the three treatment methods for VLS, topical corticosteroids + traditional Chinese medicine can quickly relieve itching symptoms in patients, but it cannot significantly improve skin elasticity, skin color, and lesion scope, and VLS easily relapses after treatment. Radiofrequency can improve itching symptoms and skin color but has poor effects on the change of skin elasticity and lesion scope. Multi-focused laser treatment can alleviate the degree of pruritus, improve skin color and elasticity, and narrow the lesion scope, and VLS will not relapse within three months after treatment.
La ville à conquérir dans les récits de Qiu Huadong des années 1990
Authors: Teilhet Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

戴 婉 妮 (Vanessa Teilhet) ： 邱 華 棟 九 十 年 代 小 說 中 “ 征 服 城 市 ”
中 國 小 說 家 邱 華 棟 (1969-) 在 九 十 年 代 定 居 於 北 京 ， 經 歷 了 城 市 生 活 。 他 通 過 這 段 時 期 所 寫 的 小 說 人 物 ， 把 自 己 的 經 驗 轉 述 出 來 。 這 些 小 說 人 物 剛 進 城 裡 ， 把 城 市 看 作 一 個 他 們 要 吸 引 的 並 且 要 征 服 的 人 ， 以 便 城 市 給 予 他 們 以 為 它 所 擁 有 的 好 處 。 可 是 ， 他 們 幻 想 破 滅 了 ， 城 市 使 人 焦 慮 的 怪 誕 意 象 就 隨 著 他 們 的 幻 滅 而 曝 露 出 新 鮮 城 市 人 所 身 處 的 脆 弱 境 況 ， 那 是 闖 入 城 市 者 所 遇 到 的 處 境 。
Excursion dans le monde troublant desimages photographiques
Authors: Elisseeff Danielle 
Published: September 2022

Danielle Elisseeff, <i>A Short Excursion into the Troubling World of Photographic Images
</i>
Historiography changes in relation to the evolution of the techniques of production and conservation of documents that are constantly more numerous and diversified. This research note explores several related avenues of research on images at the beginning of the 20th century in China. It raises in passing the technical and social impact of photography on the representation of the ruler at the end of the empire.
Histoire de la pensée chinoise : quels paradigmes ?
Authors: Wang Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

The History of Chinese Thought : Which Paradigms ?
Anne Cheng’s Histoire de la pensée chinoise (1997) and Fung Yu-lan’s A History of Chinese Philosophy (Derk Bodde, trans., 1952-1953) present two different methodologies in the domain of the history of ideas in China. One approaches Chinese thought from an historical viewpoint, the other from a philosophical perspective. These two approaches continue to co-exist in Western sinology. Recent work undertaken in China reveals new paradigms for research within a common historical and philological orientation. The article aims to account for this through the presentation and analysis of the
Zhongguo jingxue sixiangshi 中 國 經 學 思 想 史 (4 juan in 6 vols., Beijing : Zhongguo shehuikexue chubanshe, 2003-2010), edited by Jiang Guanghui 姜 廣 輝 , and the Zhongguo sixiangshi 中 國 思 想 史 (2 vols., Shanghai : Fudan daxue chubanshe, 1998-2000) by Ge Zhaoguang 葛 兆 光 .
Orthodoxie et pluralisme dans la médecine chinoise
Authors: Steavu Dominic 
Published: September 2022

Orthodoxy and Pluralism in Chinese Medicine
In imperial China, classical literati medicine regularly had to contend with and manage what it considered undesirable elements, such as demonological etiologies and local exorcistic therapies. Apart from a few periods as brief as they were exceptional, and despite repeated attempts, the supernatural was never fully expunged from the canons of medical orthodoxy. One explanation is that literati physicians could not dispense with the supernatural without undercutting the authority of the state which they embodied ; indeed the legitimacy of the state’s existence was rooted in its mandate to order and standardize the supernatural. As a result, classical literati medicine in imperial China had to accommodate supernatural elements, but not without imposing a normative orthodox discourse upon the heterogeneous local traditions that were its source— a feature that it shares with today’s Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
Les Koxingans. Légitimistes Ming en mers de Chine ou Pippinides thalassocratiques ?
Authors: Jourda Emmanuel 
Published: September 2022

The Koxingans : Ming Legitimists in the China Sea or Thalassocratic Pippinids
Zheng Chenggong, the lord with a royal name (Koxinga), is an ambiguous figure in the China Seas in the seventeenth century. His resistance to the Manchu invaders in the name of the Southern Ming is characterized by a military and trade regime subject to no actual authority. His family history over four generations (Zheng Zhilong, Zheng Chenggong, Zheng Jing, and Zheng Keshuang) nevertheless presents the possibility of outlining the idea that these so-called “Koxingans,” in claiming the potestas, the civil and military power, sought to acquire the auctoritas, the status of legitimate rule in the guise of dynastic loyalty. This question has already been studied in Europe, notably in the trajectory of the Pippinids, who succeeded in freeing themselves from their status as “mayor of the palace” or majordomo to found the Carolingian Dynasty in the eighth century. The present political hypothesis is drawn from this historical comparison.
Le faussaire et le numismate : Li Baotai et Bao Kang
Authors: Jankowski Lyce 
Published: September 2022

The Forger and Numismatist : Li Baotai and Bao Kang.
“What lengths the forgers go to ! They produce items as large as yi and ding
vessels ; and as small as coins.” These are the bitter facts that greet the reader on the first page of Guanguge quanbian 觀 古 閣 泉 辨 (Identifying the coins from the Guanguge), a pamphlet from 1873 which deals exclusively with the question of forgeries. Written by the eminent numismatist and collector Bao Kang 鮑 康 (1810-1881), it gives the names of several forgers of the Xianfeng and Tongzhi reign periods, and details of their particular techniques. These forgeries, aimed at collectors, circulated through the hands of antique dealers. We learn that some dealers availed themselves of the services of forgers. For example, the brothers Su Zhaonian 蘇 兆 年 (dates unknown) and Su Yinian 蘇 億 年 (dates unknown) in Chang’an worked together with a certain Zhang Erming 張 二 銘 (dates unknown). The manufacturing techniques varied, and some were more sophisticated than others. The simplest method was to make casts of existing coins ; but sometimes an old coin might be given a new inscription, and some fantasy pieces were created too. One forger in particular attracted great attention. He was Li Baotai 李 寶 臺 († ca 1875), who earned the respect of the most important collectors of the time— Liu Xihai 劉 喜 海 (1793-1852), Ye Zhishen 葉 志 詵 (1776-1861), Li Zuoxian 李 佐 賢 (1807-1876), Chen Jieqi 陳 介 祺 (1813-1884), and Yang Jizhen 楊 繼 震 (1820-1901) — who called on his talents at making rubbings and entrusted him with their private collections of coins. They even bought old coins for him, although they were aware of his forgery business. The quality of his rubbings rendered him indispensable to them and at the same time afforded him direct access to rare pieces, which he could copy at leisure. The relationships between the collectors and forgers were thus ambiguous. Bao Kang frequently met with the forgers, whom he named, and whose skills he acknowledged. The sale of such forgeries did not worry him as much as the possibility that they might be published by collectors who did not know better.
Modelamento não linear de um robô planar
Authors: Riul José Antonio , Montenegro Paulo Henrique de Miranda 
Published: September 2022

O objetivo desse trabalho é a modelagem de dois elos de um robô manipulador de dois graus de liberdade planar usando técnica não linear. O robô manipulador é composto pelo elo 1 rotacional e pelo elo 2 prismático. O elo 1 rotacional é um perfil U em alumínio acionado por um motor-redutor de corrente contínua e o elo 2 prismático é um cilindro pneumático de dupla ação e haste passante fixado no interior do perfil U e é acionado por uma válvula eletropneumática proporcional. Modelos dinâmicos desses sistemas normalmente são obtidos usando-se as leis da física, nos elos 1 e 2 do robô, e são não lineares. A escolha de modelos lineares ou não lineares implica em um aumento considerado na complexidade de um modelo, porém existem regimes dinâmicos que não podem ser representados por modelos lineares; nesses casos, o uso de modelos não lineares é o mais recomendado. Neste trabalho, um modelo não linear NARX é obtido, considerando o acoplamento dinâmico entre os elos do robô; e os parâmetros do robô manipulador são identificados, através do algoritmo Least Mean Squares (LMS), com base nas excitações e respostas dos elos do robô. Finalizando, são apresentados resultados obtidos através do modelo gerado.
Broadband Insulator-Based Dynamic Diode with Ultrafast Hot Carriers Process
Authors: Shen Runjiang , Lu Yanghua , Yu Xutao , Ge Qi , Zhong Huiming , Lin Shisheng 
Published: September 2022

The excitation, rebound, and transport process of hot carriers (HCs) inside dynamic diode (DD) based on insulators has been rarely explored due to the original stereotyped in which it was thought that the insulators are nonconductive. However, the carrier dynamics of DD is totally different from the static diode, which may bring a subverting insight of insulators. Herein, we discovered insulators could be conductive under the framework of DD; the HC process inside the rebounding procedure caused by the disappearance and reestablishment of the built-in electric field at the interface of insulator/semiconductor heterostructure is the main generation mechanism. This type of DD can response fast up to 1
μ
s to mechanical excitation with an output of ~10 V, showing a wide band frequency response under different input frequencies from 0 to 40 kHz. It can work under extreme environments; various applications like underwater communication network, self-powered sensor/detector in the sea environment, and life health monitoring can be achieved.