bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Showing Her Ass Off in Her Iron Cage”: Dis(-re-)membering the Black Female Body in Suzan-Lori Parks’s Venus
Authors: Tchamitchian Raphaëlle 
Published: June 2022

Dans Venus (1995), une interprétation fictive et hyper-théâtrale de l’histoire de « La Vénus hottentote », Suzan-Lori Parks place délibérément et de manière provocante le corps féminin noir nu au centre de la scène. Sans éviter les questions de complicité et d’agentivité, la pièce met en scène la construction coloniale du corps féminin noir, ainsi que la position du public dans ce processus. En fin de compte, en choisissant de mettre en avant une représentation noire de la nakedness plutôt que l’idéal occidental associé à la nudity, Parks investit le corps de La Vénus de rébellion et d’irrévérence.
Un milieu d’encre et de papier. Brouillons, notes et papiers de travail dans les archives personnelles de Vincenzio Viviani (1622-1703)
Authors: Dumas Primbault Simon 
Published: June 2022

Le dernier disciple de Galilée, Vincenzio Viviani, fut aussi le premier ingénieur du Grand-Duc de Toscane de 1656 jusqu’à sa mort en 1703. Chargé tout au long de sa carrière de nombreux travaux d’hydraulique ou d’architecture tandis qu’il poursuivait plusieurs entreprises géométriques, son œuvre, encore trop peu connue, est souvent restée inédite. Les papiers personnels de l’ingénieur mathématicien, conservés avec ceux de son maître et de ses condisciples à la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale de Florence, forment un inextricable « réseau d’écritures » qui donne à voir une facette des milieux de savoir dans lesquels frayait Viviani : un milieu d’encre et de papier.
Entre terrain et dépôt : envisager les mi-lieux de production des ingénieurs militaires géographes (xviie-xviiie siècle)
Authors: Binois Grégoire , Orgeix (d') Émilie 
Published: June 2022

Fondé sur l’étude de saisies militaires après-décès, cet article aborde les conditions de production cartographique et d’exercice du métier d’ingénieurs militaires géographes. Praticiens itinérants, ils sillonnaient le royaume au gré de leurs affectations et du théâtre de la guerre. Substituant la notion de « mi-lieu » à celle, généralement invoquée de milieu, il vise à rendre compte des contraintes matérielles d’un métier qui nécessitait de se créer des environnements de travail provisoires et éphémères, dans les villes d’affectation. En imbriquant espaces et temporalités, cette étude propose d’explorer la spécificité de ces cabinets temporaires, souvent établis à domicile, où étaient quotidiennement fabriqués, finalisés et ordonnés les documents. Travailler sur cette notion apparaît fructueux pour recomposer l’intégralité d’une chaîne de production qui, entre travail sur le terrain et envoi dans les dépôts, restait à ce jour incomplète.
Le chantier comme milieu de savoir. Changement technique et fabrique de la ville ordinaire à Marseille (seconde moitié du xixe siècle)
Authors: Bechini Thibault 
Published: June 2022

En inscrivant le chantier dans une vision écologique du lieu entendu comme milieu, il est possible d’analyser les reconfigurations que connaissent localement les savoirs constructifs au travers d’une étude historicisée et située des interactions entre espaces et acteurs de la construction. On étudie ici les chantiers marseillais comme milieu de savoir où s’élabore, au tournant des xixe et xxe siècles, une culture de la construction en prise avec le changement social à l’œuvre dans la cité phocéenne. Ce milieu de savoir peut être saisi à travers deux processus : d’une part, la spécialisation progressive de certains professionnels du bâtiment dans un segment de l’industrie de la construction qui fait appel à des techniques nouvelles, celui des travaux en ciment ; d’autre part, la formalisation des connaissances techniques, par l’écrit et le croquis, que rendent possible les expertises amiables ou judiciaires dont les chantiers sont régulièrement l’objet.
Historiographie française sur les engrais : nouvelles approches par l’histoire environnementale et l’interdisciplinarité (années 2000-2020)
Authors: Martin Philippe 
Published: June 2022

L’historiographie ayant pour objet les engrais est caractérisée, ces vingt dernières années, par une effervescence de travaux de recherche. Elle s’inscrit dans les bouleversements liés aux questions environnementales (pollutions industrielles et recyclage des déchets), à la crise du modèle de l’agriculture intensive (engrais biologiques et question de l’azote), à la mondialisation (transfert de fertilisants) et aux délocalisations et fermetures d’usine (patrimoine industriel). Cette contribution s’intéresse à la manière dont les historiens français ont interrogé ces questionnements contemporains et ont pris les engrais comme objet d’étude. Elle est structurée selon trois axes : les acteurs et institutions, les problématiques de recherche, les approches méthodologiques.
Espaces techniques et aéronautiques : hydravions et frontières maritimes, 1910-1918
Authors: Weckerle Marion 
Published: June 2022

L'hydravion, machine hybride capable de voler, de décoller depuis un plan d'eau et amerrir, fut inventé en 1910. D'abord dédié au sport sur les côtes, les fleuves et les lacs, cet appareil intéressa rapidement les marines militaires de la France, la Grande-Bretagne, l'Italie, l'Allemagne et l'Autriche-Hongrie, lesquelles l'exploitèrent durant la Première Guerre mondiale sur les différents fronts maritimes : la Méditerranée, l'Adriatique, la Manche, la mer du Nord, la mer Baltique, la mer Noire et l'Atlantique. Outre le contrôle et la protection des rivages, il servit également a l'expansion de l'action d'un pays au-delà de ses propres côtes. L'autonomie en mer étant cependant limitée dans le temps, ce facteur conditionnait la distance franchissable des hydravions et la nécessité d'une hydrobase d'attache.
Scientific Doomsday Scenarios: Foresight Projections for the Near and Deep Future
Authors: Baker David 
Published: June 2022

This paper conveys the projections for the end of the Earth and Heat Death of the Universe according to scientific narrative of Big History. It also introduces some concepts from the field of ‘foresight’ regarding how to look at multiple futures in a methodical and regimented way rather than speculating wildly. These concepts allow some discussion of the potential fate of humanity on the timescale of 100-200 years. After looking at the potential outcomes of Near Future (both encouraging and disastrous) the paper moves step by step into the Deep Future. It closes with some philosophical reflections rooted in scientific concepts.
Le Vésuve et la photographie au xixe siècle, quel apport à l'histoire des sciences de la Terre ?
Authors: Acolat Delphine 
Published: June 2022

Le Vésuve, volcan très actif dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, a attiré les photographes, notamment ceux dont les studios étaient installés à Naples. En 1872, le séquençage de l’éruption du Vésuve marque l’histoire de la photographie. Les photographes de l’époque transmettent la curiosité croissante pour les sciences de la Terre, dont l’Observatoire du Vésuve est la preuve, mais comment, avec les contraintes techniques de l’époque, réussir à saisir le déroulement d’une éruption ou la variété des matériaux volcaniques ? Aux traditionnelles descriptions de l’aspect catastrophique et destructeur de l’éruption, avec coulées et cratères, s’ajoute une volonté de poser comme un paradigme la terrible éruption de 79 et la lecture toute nouvelle de l’instantanéité de la mort à Pompéi, révélée par une avancée technique en archéologie : les moulages de Giuseppe Fiorelli.
Humanités numériques et archives orales : cartographies d’une mémoire collective sur les matériaux
Authors: Teissier Pierre , Quantin Matthieu , Hervy Benjamin 
Published: June 2022

Les sciences humaines appréhendent classiquement les corpus de textes par des lectures qualitatives tandis que les « humanités numériques » les saisissent par des analyses quantitatives. Nous confrontons les deux approches en appliquant une méthode numérique originale (Haruspex) à l’étude d’un corpus textuel d’archives orales dédié à la recherche sur les matériaux. Pragmatique, notre démarche est aussi heuristique et réflexive. Heuristique car nous utilisons les artefacts numériques comme des outils pour renouveler les hypothèses de recherche en histoire. Réflexive car nos pratiques interdisciplinaires servent de base à une « philosophie de terrain » des humanités numériques.
Peritoneal Lavage during Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Complex Appendicitis is Associated with Increased Post-Operative Morbidity
Authors: Puttock Darren , Kumbhar Vikrant , Dagash Haitham , Patwardhan Nitin 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
Appendicitis is one of the most common paediatric surgical pathologies seen by paediatric surgeons worldwide. Laparoscopic appendectomy is undertaken for all cases of appendicitis in our institute. Intraperitoneal lavage following appendectomy is the conventional way of managing complicated appendicitis; however, some surgeons debate the efficacy of this practice. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of intraperitoneal lavage versus suction only in children with complicated appendicitis.

Methods:
Data were collected retrospectively between January 2018 and January 2019. All patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for complex appendicitis were included and divided into two groups, patients who had suction only and those who had lavage and suction. Outcome parameters studied were the length of stay (LOS), number of temperature spikes > 37.7 (TS), operative times (OT) and readmission for intra-abdominal collections. Comparison between the two groups was performed using two sample t-test with unequal variance, significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A total of 115 patients were included (lavage n = 52, Suction n = 63). The LOS (P = 0.0054), TS (0.0109), OT (P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the lavage group compared to the suction-only group. Overall rates of readmission were similar between groups, however, readmission for the confirmed intra-abdominal collection was more common in the lavage group.

Conclusion:
Based on our study, it appears that there is no advantage in performing an intraperitoneal lavage for complex appendicitis. It resulted in a prolonged stay, more post-operative TS and longer operative duration. The likelihood of being readmitted with an intra-abdominal collection following a lavage was higher compared to suction only.
Standards of Practice Among Endodontists in Kerala, India
Authors: Joseph Asha , Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam , Venugopal Krishnan , Prabath Singh V. P. , Dhruvan Kavitha , Sagar Krishna 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The field of endodontics is greatly evolving with the brisk entry of not just new materials but also numerous technology-based advances. Factors governed by the practitioner such as the canal preparation technique, the disinfection regimes followed, the standard of obturation, and the quality of coronal and apical seal all in turn greatly influence the prognosis of the endodontic treatment.

Objective:
To assess the attitude concerning the materials and techniques used during endodontic treatment among the endodontists in Kerala.

Materials and Methods:
An online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was done among endodontists in Kerala. The questionnaire assessed several key aspects of endodontic practice. A comparison was made based on the nature of practice and years of practice.

Results:
A total of 165 responses were obtained. A high percentage of participants (>75%) routinely employed preoperative radiographs. A combination of apex locators along with radiographs was most preferred for working length determination, and calcium hydroxide was the most preferred root canal sealant. Almost half of the endodontists did not use any form of magnification.

Conclusion:
Despite several booming advances in technology, endodontists still do not strictly follow the implementation of important regimes such as the incorporation of magnification or use of a rubber dam in their practice, which still needs to be meticulously incorporated into practice, which would raise the standards of clinical practice.
Written descriptions versus photographs in dermatological case reports
Authors: Karaman Bilge Fettahlıoğlu 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Images are essential for dermatology. However, if a photograph has poor quality, it causes problems in conveying information.

Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of photographs in a part of the current literature.

Methods:
One hundred and eighteen written descriptions and their related photographs were extracted from 89 articles selected from the journal Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine. Frequencies and confidence intervals (CIs) of mentioning 11 features, namely location, side, amount, distribution, dimension, figure, edge, color, touch perception, subjective symptom, and elementary lesion, in the written descriptions were calculated. The photographs were also evaluated to detect features other than touch perception and subjective symptom. Fifty articles randomly selected from five high-impact journals were also reviewed.

Results:
Touch perception and subjective symptom were mentioned only in 35.6% and 46.6% of the written descriptions, respectively. Distribution and edge were distinguishable in the photographs only in half of the cases, however other features in more than 90%. According to multinomial CIs, the written descriptions were superior only in terms of location, whereas the photographs were superior in terms of side, distribution, dimension, figure, edge, and color. Some features, such as touch perception and subjective symptom, were mentioned less frequently in the reviewed articles of the high-impact journals.

Conclusion:
The contribution of the photographs to the written descriptions in case reports was clear. However, the low rate for determining sharpness of edges in the photographs was a sign indicating low-quality images. In conclusion, the present study and similar studies will guide more efficient usage of developing image modalities for online publication in dermatology.
Hypoglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Maize Silk on Dexamethasone-induced-hyperglycemic Rats
Authors: Nkono Barnabé Lucien Nkono Ya , Ablassé Rouamba , Kinyok Mc Jesus , Nzikoué Soumiatou , Kédi Léocadie Mbella , Noa Placide Yannick Amougou , Dzeufiet Paul Désiré Djomeni , Sokeng Sélestin Dongmo , Kamtchouing Pierre 
Published: June 2022

Context:
Maize silk (Zea mays) is used in traditional medicine to treat high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity. It is also used as an immunostimulant but few scientific studies are available to validate these properties.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to scientifically validate the traditional use of maize silk in the regularization of lipid profile and blood glucose level.

Material and Methods:
Hydroalcoholic extract of maize silk (HAEMS) was prepared by decoction (30:70 Water-Ethanol) from the dry powder of corn silk (250 g/L). Hyperglycemia was induced by repeated single daily subcutaneous injection (s.c) of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg); dexamethasone negative control group (DNC) received dexamethasone exclusively throughout 14 days while negative normal control group (NNC) received only vehicle during the same period. Positive control group (glibenclamide) and plant extract groups (50 and 100 mg/kg) received dexamethasone from the eighth day and each group consisted of six animals. All the parameters (fasting blood glucose level, TC, HDL, LDL, VLDL, atherogenic index (AI) and TG) were measured on the first, seventh and fourteenth day of the experiment. Lipid profile was performed using a BIOLABO® Kit and fasting blood glucose level was measured using a glucometer VivaCheck™ Ino.

Results:
Compared to the DNC group, HAEMS significantly reduced (P<0.001) on days seven and fourteen, fasting blood glucose level, TC, LDL, VLDL, artherogenic AI and TG (on day seven). In addition, only the dose of 50 mg/kg significantly increased serum HDL on the seventh (P<0.01) and fourteenth day (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
The results obtained in this study suggest that HAEMS have hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties.
Spectrum of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sethi Prativa Priyadarshani , Jatteppanavar Basavraj , Kant Ravi , Pathania Monika , Bairwa Mukesh Chand 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a known complication in diabetes patients but often remain underdiagnosed because of lack of proper investigation and long asymptomatic period. The study aimed to assess the spectrum of cardiac autonomic neuropathy prevailing among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted as an observational cross-sectional study among the type 2 diabetes patients visiting the diabetic clinic. A total of 60 participants were included in the study, including both males and females, over one month. A cardiac autonomic neuropathy system analyser, manufactured by the Diabetik Foot Care India Pvt Limited (DFCI), Chennai (CANS 504), was used to screen for cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN).

Results:
A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participants was 55.72 ± 12.62 (Mean ± SD). 38 (63.3%) of the participants were male, and 22 (36.7%) were Female. Early CANS dysfunction was seen among 21 (35.0%), Moderate CANS dysfunction in 9 (15.0%) and definite CANS dysfunction in 29 (48.3%) patients and only one patient had normal CAN study.

Conclusion:
CAN is a common microvascular complication highly prevalent among diabetes patients and may remain asymptomatic until an advanced stage, so screening of type 2 diabetes patients must be done at the time of diagnosis.
The Association between Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mohammad Magda Shukry , Abdelsalam Mona Mohamad , Ibrahim Nesma Ali , Eldin Mai Mohamed Salah 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that strongly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and early CAN in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 60 patients with T2D, divided into two groups; group I included 30 patients with T2D complicated with DR and group II included 30 patients with T2D not complicated with DR. All participants underwent a detailed medical history, examination and laboratory measurements including, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR). CAN was determined based on the results of tilt-table test which was done to all study participants.

Results:
On comparing tilt table test positive results of group I and group II, the results showed a significant difference between both groups (P = 0.004), being higher in group I (43.33% of group I were tilt table test positive) than in group II (only 10% of the group were positive). In group I, on comparing patients with positive tilt table test (CAN) and those with negative tilt table test (without CAN) regarding fundus findings, the results showed that 69.23% of patients with positive tilt table test had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and 30.77% had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), while in patients with negative tilt table test, 17.65% had PDR, and 82.35% had NPDR, the odd‘s ratio was 10.5 (P = 0.007). Regression of determinants for the presence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with T2D showed that, the increased duration of diabetes (P = 0.010) and the increased level of UACR (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with CAN in type 2 diabetic patients.

Conclusion:
DR is a strong predictor for CAN. So, fundus photography may be an alternative to autonomic function testing where facilities for the latter test are unavailable.
Outcome of Adult Malarial Co-infections in Eastern India
Authors: Pandey Saurabh , Rai Priyanka , Guha Subhasish Kamal , Maji Ardhendu , Ghosh Subir , Halder Prantiki , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Halder Soumen Nath , Modak Dolanchampa 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Co-infection with different agents such as bacterial, viral, and Rickettsia is being increasingly recognized due to greater availability and utilization of the diagnostic tests among malaria patients.

Methods:
Consecutive admitted malarial cases were included and were subjected to test for general investigations, bacteria, typhoid, dengue, chikungunya, and rest for specific diagnosis. All patients were followed up till discharge or death and appropriate statistical tests were performed.

Results:
A total of 152 malaria patients were recruited and 27 (18.8%) had concurrent infections. It included 40.7% dengue only, 18.7% pneumonia, 11.1% urinary tract infection (UTI), 7.4% enteric fever, 3.7% leptospirosis, chikungunya, and tuberculous meningitis each, and 3.7% each of dengue with pneumonia and UTI. The organisms isolated were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mean duration of fever was 6.33 ± 3.63 days with a range of 3–20 days. Blood culture grew in 2 cases S. typhi and K. pneumonia,e. Dengue co-infections had significantly higher clinical and laboratory features of dengue and complications such as bleeding, jaundice, and cholecystitis, whereas rest concurrent infections had a significantly higher proportion of nausea and vomiting, convulsion, altered sensorium, productive cough, urinary symptoms, shock, acute kidney injury, anemia, and mean neutrophil count. There was significantly higher mortality among malaria–dengue concurrent infection group with 2 (15.4%) than malaria mono-infection group 3 (2.4%).

Conclusion:
Co-infections with malaria are not uncommon, especially dengue fever and other bacterial infections. The dominant clinical picture is of the superimposed infection. Decision should be clinically guided adjunct with specific diagnostic tests, and timely treatment has favorable outcome.
Clinicopathological Factors Predictive of Pathological Response and Impact on Disease-Free Survival in Breast Cancer
Authors: Paramban Megha Prem , Asokan Vishnu , Tintu M. V. , Ajayakumar T. 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in carcinoma breast results in tumour downstaging and provides the opportunity to modify treatment based on response. Pathological complete response (pCR) is considered predictive of favourable long-term outcomes. The objective was to identify clinicopathological factors associated with pCR in breast cancer and disease-free survival (DFS).

Subjects and Methods:
Clinicopathological details of 106 breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy were retrospectively analyzed. The statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test by SPSS software (version 18.0). Pvalues were considered statistically significant when <0.05.

Results:
The median age of the patients was 53 years. The overall pCR rate was 23.6%. From univariate analysis, a significant rate of pCR was detected in tumours with high grade or high Ki-67 scores (P = 0.001, P = 0.019), respectively. 29 patients relapsed of which 21 were distant metastasis. On Kaplan–Meier method analysis, statistically significant factors associated with decreased DFS were high Ki 67 and lymphovascular invasion positivity. Distant metastasis occurred in 4 patients with pCR and 19 patients without pCR. The 5-year DFS rate was 84% versus 69% in patients with pCR and without pCR, respectively.

Conclusion:
A higher rate of pCR was obtained with neoadjuvant therapy in tumours with high grade or Ki-67. Longer DFS is achieved by obtaining pCR with ideal neoadjuvant selection.