bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unpacking the opportunities and challenges in learning speaking online during Covid-19 outbreak: A case-study of Indonesian EFL college students
Authors: Syafrayani Putri Rizki , Ginting Pirman , Hasnah Yenni , Saragih Mandra 
Published: May 2022

The challenges brought by Covid-19 have threatened not only the economy and health fields but also the educational sectors. In light of education, this issue has led to the swift migration of the learning process from conventional mode to online learning which has resulted in another bottleneck. The current study explores the perception of EFL Indonesian college students about the challenges and benefits of learning speaking through the online system during the Covid-19 outbreak. Forty-five college students participated in this study and were inquired through a semi-structured questionnaire in the weeks following the final term examinations for the academic year 2020-2021. The data was probed by using grounded theory proposed by Creswell. The findings exposed that effectiveness, online benefits, and improvement opportunities were the benefits obtained by students from the online learning. Meanwhile, distraction and information overload, a technical error in online learning technology and internet connectivity matters as well as limited interaction and inadequate support were hindrances that often hampered the students. Consequently, this scholarly paper also provides advice on the essence of the readiness of adequate facilities and the collaboration from stakeholders; government, teachers, students, and parents to successfully implement online learning.
Tamimah dalam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Zulihafnani Zulihafnani , Salwati Salwati 
Published: May 2022

Tamimah is a rope that is worn by Arabs around the neck of children with the assumption that it can protect them from other diseases or eye diseases. Islam came and forbade all things related to shamanism in the form of amulets or spells and anything related to them is an evil that must be fought, except those that come from the Qur'an or spells that are ma'tsur. Based on this problem, the author wants to examine how the quality of the hadiths, both those that allow and forbid and how to resolve them. Based on the results of the research, the authors found that the hadiths that seemed contradictory regarding the permissibility of using amulets could be compromised in order to avoid conflict and could be practiced together, considering that these hadiths met the criteria for the validity of the hadith. Thus, these traditions are maqbul hadiths with the status of valid traditions. So even though there are more hadiths that prohibit tamimah, all forms of amulets, whether from the Qur'an or not, are permissible under certain circumstances. The hadith about amulets is prohibited because some friends think that amulets are shirked because they deny belief in Allah swt. In fact, every form of the disease has a cure and the disease is cured with the permission of Allah swt. Tamimah adalah tali yang dikalungkan orang arab di leher anak-anak dengan anggapan bahwa hal tersebut dapat menjaga mereka dari penyakit ain atau mata. Islam datang dan melarang segala hal yang berkaitan dengan perdukunan baik berupa jimat maupun mantra dan apapun yang berkaitan dengannya adalah kemungkaran yang harus diperangi, kecuali yang berasal dari al-Qur’an atau mantra yang ma’tsur. Berdasarkan permasalahan ini, penulis ingin mengakaji bagaimana kualitas hadis-hadis baik yang membolehkan maupun yang melarang dan bagaimana penyelesaiannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis menemukan hadis-hadis yang tampak saling bertentangan terkait kebolehan penggunaan jimat dapat dikompromikan agar terhindar dari pertentangan dan dapat diamalkan secara bersama-sama, mengingat hadis-hadis tersebut memenuhi kreteria kesahihan hadis. Dengan demikian hadis-hadis tersebut merupakan hadis maqbul dengan berstatus hadis sahih. Jadi walaupun lebih banyak hadis yang melarang tamimah, namun segala bentuk jimat baik dari al-Qur`an ataupun bukan, itu dibolehkan dalam keadaan tententu. Dilarangnya hadis tentang jimat itu karena beberapa sahabat beranggapan bahwasanya jimat itu syirik karena menafikan kepercayaan kepada Allah swt. Padahal sesungguhnya segala bentuk penyakit ada obatnya dan penyakit tersebut sembuh dengan izin Allah swt.
Autorrepresentação indígena como política de identidades em luta
Authors: Kaseker Monica , Nakamura Gallassi Adriana , Ribeiro Lucas Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Desde a chegada portuguesa ao Brasil, em 1500, os povos originários foram representados pelo viés eurocêntrico. Foi assim nas cartas dos primeiros exploradores enviadas à Coroa, nos sermões de catequização, nas pinturas feitas durante expedições que documentaram o território e, mais tarde, em livros, materiais didáticos, audiovisuais e jornalísticos. O giro decolonial começa no final do Século XX, quando indígenas brasileiros passam a registrar e publicar imagens e narrativas próprias. Por meio de pesquisa teórica e revisão bibliográfica, na perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais e Decoloniais, constata-se que a comunicação consiste no elemento central das políticas de identidade indígena e a autorrepresentação demarca a ruptura com a imagem do índio genérico, estereotipado e parado no tempo, o que consideramos uma política de identidades em luta.
Report Users' Perceived Sentiments of Key Audit Matters and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Deep Learning-Based Natural Language Processing Approach
Authors: Liu Wu-Po , Yen Meng-Feng , Wu Tai-Ying 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate the associations between the sentiment report users perceive in key audit matters (KAMs) and current and future firm performance. We also investigate the validity of the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model for automatically extracting KAM sentiment in Taiwanese listed firms' audit reports. Positive associations between KAM sentiment and current and next-year firm performances, measured by Tobin's Q, ROA, and ROE, are discovered based on a two-year sample of 1,606 firm–year observations, including manually labeled sentiment data in 2017 and BERT-extracted sentiment data in 2018. However, the evidence of the positive association between KAM sentiment and current firm market performance (Tobin's Q) is weaker in 2017 than in 2018 statistically. Our results suggest that KAM sentiment reflects future firm performance and support the application of the BERT deep learning approach for textual mining. This study has implications for regulators, practitioners, and academics.
JEL Classifications: D83; L25; M42.
Do Managers Learn from Analysts about Investing? Evidence from Internal Capital Allocation
Authors: Guo Re-Jin , Zhong Rong 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Analysts are recognized for their expertise in predicting industry growth, yet little is known about whether CEOs learn from analysts’ insights to guide investment decisions. Focusing on conglomerates where CEOs are underinformed about segment growth opportunities, we find that CEOs learn industry insights from analysts to adjust internal capital allocation. The extent of learning increases when analysts have closer proximity to CEOs or expertise in segments where CEOs face larger internal knowledge gaps. CEOs likely learn from analysts through private communications, as the insights learned are not yet publicly available, difficult to replace with other sources, and persistently impactful for firms. CEOs also exploit conference calls as another way to learn from analysts. As a result, learning analysts’ insights enhances firm value. We employ brokerage mergers/closures as a quasi-experiment to address endogeneity concerns. Overall, our study provides novel evidence on a learning channel through which analysts add value to firms.
JEL Classifications: D80; D83; G10; G31.
Association of HLA-DQ Heterodimer Residues −18β and β57 With Progression From Islet Autoimmunity to Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1
Authors: Zhao Lue Ping , Skyler Jay , Papadopoulos George K. , Pugliese Alberto , Najera James Antonio , Bondinas George P. , Moustakas Antonis K. , Wang Ruihan , Pyo Chul-Woo , Nelson Wyatt C. , Geraghty Daniel E. , Lernmark Åke 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVEThe purpose was to test the hypothesis that the HLA-DQαβ heterodimer structure is related to the progression of islet autoimmunity from asymptomatic to symptomatic type 1 diabetes (T1D).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSNext-generation targeted sequencing was used to genotype HLA-DQA1-B1 class II genes in 670 subjects in the Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1 (DPT-1). Coding sequences were translated into DQ α- and β-chain amino acid residues and used in hierarchically organized haplotype (HOH) association analysis to identify motifs associated with diabetes onset.RESULTSThe opposite diabetes risks were confirmed for HLA DQA1*03:01-B1*03:02 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.36; P = 2.01 ∗ 10−3) and DQA1*03:03-B1*03:01 (HR 0.62; P = 0.037). The HOH analysis uncovered residue −18β in the signal peptide and β57 in the β-chain to form six motifs. DQ*VA was associated with faster (HR 1.49; P = 6.36 ∗ 10−4) and DQ*AD with slower (HR 0.64; P = 0.020) progression to diabetes onset. VA/VA, representing DQA1*03:01-B1*03:02 (DQ8/8), had a greater HR of 1.98 (P = 2.80 ∗ 10−3). The DQ*VA motif was associated with both islet cell antibodies (P = 0.023) and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) (P = 3.34 ∗ 10−3), while the DQ*AD motif was associated with a decreased IAA frequency (P = 0.015). Subjects with DQ*VA and DQ*AD experienced, respectively, increasing and decreasing trends of HbA1c levels throughout the follow-up.CONCLUSIONSHLA-DQ structural motifs appear to modulate progression from islet autoimmunity to diabetes among at-risk relatives with islet autoantibodies. Residue −18β within the signal peptide may be related to levels of protein synthesis and β57 to stability of the peptide-DQab trimolecular complex.
Effect of Deintensifying Diabetes Medications on Negative Events in Older Veteran Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Niznik Joshua D. , Zhao Xinhua , Slieanu Florentina , Mor Maria K. , Aspinall Sherrie L. , Gellad Walid F. , Ersek Mary , Hickson Ryan P. , Springer Sydney P. , Schleiden Loren J. , Hanlon Joseph T. , Thorpe Joshua M. , Thorpe Carolyn T. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE
Guidelines advocate against tight glycemic control in older nursing home (NH) residents with advanced dementia (AD) or limited life expectancy (LLE). We evaluated the effect of deintensifying diabetes medications with regard to all-cause emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and death in NH residents with LLE/AD and tight glycemic control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a national retrospective cohort study of 2,082 newly admitted nonhospice veteran NH residents with LLE/AD potentially overtreated for diabetes (HbA1c ≤7.5% and one or more diabetes medications) in fiscal years 2009–2015. Diabetes treatment deintensification (dose decrease or discontinuation of a noninsulin agent or stopping insulin sustained ≥7 days) was identified within 30 days after HbA1c measurement. To adjust for confounding, we used entropy weights to balance covariates between NH residents who deintensified versus continued medications. We used the Aalen-Johansen estimator to calculate the 60-day cumulative incidence and risk ratios (RRs) for ED or hospital visits and deaths.

RESULTS
Diabetes medications were deintensified for 27% of residents. In the subsequent 60 days, 28.5% of all residents were transferred to the ED or acute hospital setting for any cause and 3.9% died. After entropy weighting, deintensifying was not associated with 60-day all-cause ED visits or hospitalizations (RR 0.99 [95% CI 0.84, 1.18]) or 60-day mortality (1.52 [0.89, 2.81]).

CONCLUSIONS
Among NH residents with LLE/AD who may be inappropriately overtreated with tight glycemic control, deintensification of diabetes medications was not associated with increased risk of 60-day all-cause ED visits, hospitalization, or death.
Causal graph between serum lipids and glycemic traits: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Ziwei , Wang Kai , Hao Xingjie , Chen Liangkai , Liu Zhonghua , Wang Chaolong 
Published: May 2022

<p> </p>
<p>We systematically investigated the bidirectional causality between high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), fasting insulin (FI), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) based on genome-wide association summary statistics of Europeans (sample size <em>n</em> = 1,320,016 for lipids, 151,013 for FI, and 344,182 for HbA1c). We applied multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to account for the correlation between different traits, and constructed a causal graph with 13 significant causal effects after adjusting for multiple testing (<em>P </em>< 0.05/20). Remarkably, we found the effects of lipids on glycemic traits were through FI from TG (<em>β</em> = 0.06 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.08] in unit of 1-SD for each trait) and HDL-C (<em>β</em> = -0.02 [-0.03, -0.01]). On the other hand, FI had strong a negative effect on HDL-C (<em>β</em> = -0.15 [-0.21, -0.09]) and positive effects on TG (<em>β</em> = 0.22 [0.14, 0.31]) and HbA1c (<em>β</em> = 0.15 [0.12, 0.19]), while HbA1c could raise LDL-C (<em>β</em> = 0.06 [0.03, 0.08]) and TG (<em>β</em> = 0.08 [0.06, 0.10]). These estimates derived from the inverse-variance weighting method were robust when using different MR methods. Our results suggested that elevated FI was a strong causal factor of high TG and low HDL-C, which in turn would further increase FI. Therefore, early control of insulin resistance is critical to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular complications. </p>
STABILITAS LERENG DAN BENDUNG PADA EMBUNG DS. NGAWU, KEC. PLAYEN, KAB. GUNUNG KIDUL, DIY
Authors: Gunawan Sumiyati , Sulistyowati Yenny Endang , Timur Haniti Mangku 
Published: May 2022

Desa Ngawu, Kab. Gunung Kidul salah satu daerah yang saat kemarau selalu mengalami kekeringan. Karena memiliki jenis tanah lempung lunak, yang membuat bergesernya buis beton ke tengah embung saat pelaksanaan embung kecil terdahulu. Minimnya dana dalam proses pengerjaan embung kecil tersebut, menjadi penyebab perencanaan talud yang tidak maksimal. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air di Desa Ngawu adalah membuat embung memanjang. yang aman dari bahaya guling, geser, piping dan daya dukung tanah. Dilakukan pengujian sondir, boring dan pengukuran pemetaan untuk data pengukuran lokasi dan parameter tanah untuk menganalisis stabilitasnya . Perencanaan talud menggunakan bronjong (kawat yang dianyam dengan lubang segi enam, diisi batu pecah yang berada di lokasi dengan berat volume ± 20 kN/m3). Langkah pertama, mencari garis longsor kritis dengan menggunakan metode Fellinius. Langkah kedua, desain dimensi bronjong dan analisis stabilitas. Data hidrologi berupa hasil dimensi bendung, diambil dari hasil TGA Usfi Ula Kalwa yang berjudul “Perencaaan Embung Memanjang Ds. Ngawu, Kec. Playen, Kab. Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta”. Dari hasil analisis, maka diambil garis longsor dengan SF=2.54 , dasar bonjong pada 3,00m dari muka tanah. Stabilitas bronjong (SF) terhadap bahaya bahaya guling, geser,dan daya dukung tanah adalah sebagai berikut 14.134 ; 2.99 ; dan 8.5. Stabilitas bendung (SF), terhadap bahaya guling, geser, piping dan daya dukung tanah adalah sebagai berikut 5.053 ; 2.0 ; 6 ; dan 3.9 , Sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak diperlukan perencanaan angker untuk menambah kekuatan stabilitas.
EVALUASI PERATURAN PEMBEBANAN GANDAR KERETA API DI PULAU JAWA TERHADAP KONDISI AKTUAL
Authors: Muspitasari Tri , Sulistyowati Indah , Kumara Widi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The railway structure includes a variety of constructions intended to supportrailroad and railway operations, one of which is a bridge. Locomotives are self-rail vehiclesthat function as rod or train carriages. Locomotives in Indonesia, especially in Java Island,have varying axle loads and axle distances, thus causing an inward force change that works onthe railway structure. The live load working on the structure of the railway bridge is a loadderived from a railway circuit whose size is determined based on the loading scheme of the1921 Load Plan (RM 1921). With RM 1921 which has been established as a rule of Bridgethrough which a series of railways passing then at a certain point on the bridge girder lengthenswill cause an inner force such as the force of moment and latitude that changes in magnitudedepending on the location of the train circuit. However, the actual condition of axle load andaxle distance is not in accordance with RM 1921. To know the magnitude of force in(maximum moment) then required an analysis calculation that is using line of influence. Fromthe calculation result between actual locomotive and RM 1921, it can be concluded that theactual maximum force of the locomotive is 30.38% less than RM 1921, therefore RM 1921 isstill sufficient to be used in the current condition Abstrak: Struktur jalan rel meliputi bermacam-macam konstruksi yang dimaksudkan untukmendukung jalan rel dan pengoperasian kereta api salah satunya adalah jembatan. Lokomotifmerupakan kendaraan rel yang dapat bergerak sendiri berfungsi sebagai penggerak rangkaiankereta atau gerbong. Lokomotif di Indonesia khususnya di Pulau Jawa mempunyai bebangandar dan jarak gandar yang berbeda-beda, sehingga hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinyaperubahan gaya dalam yang bekerja pada struktur jalan rel kereta api. Beban hidup yangbekerja pada struktur atas jembatan kereta api adalah beban yang berasal dari rangkaian keretaapi yang besarnya ditentukan berdasarkan skema pembebanan Rencana Muatan 1921 (RM1921). Dengan RM 1921 yang sudah ditetapkan sebagai peraturan Jembatan yang dilalui olehrangkaian kereta api yang melintas maka pada suatu titik tertentu pada jembatan gelagarmemanjang akan menimbulkan gaya dalam seperti gaya momen dan lintang yang berubahbesarnya tergantung dari letak rangkaian kereta api. Akan tetapi, kondisi aktual beban gandardan jarak gandar tidak sesuai dengan RM 1921. Untuk mengetahui besarnya gaya dalam(momen maksimum) maka diperlukan suatu perhitungan analisis yaitu menggunakan garispengaruh. Dari hasil perhitungan antara lokomotif aktual dan RM 1921 diperoleh kesimpulangaya dalam (momen) maksimum lokomotif aktual lebih kecil 30,38% dari pada RM 1921, olehkarena itu RM 1921 masih memadai untuk dipakai pada kondisi saat ini.
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN TATA GUNA LAHAN TERHADAP DEBIT PUNCAK DI SUB DAS TALANG KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Putri Dyah Ayu Intanasya , Widiarti Wiwik Yunarni , Halik Gusfan 
Published: May 2022

Sub DAS Talang merupakan bagian dari DAS Mayang yang merupakan salah satu daerah aliran sungai yang berada di Kabupaten Jember. Meningkatnya kebutuhan manusia terhadap tempat tinggal menyebabkan perubahan tata guna lahan dari daerah resapan menjadi pemukiman. Sehingga air hujan tidak dapat meresap ke dalam tanah dan menjadi aliran permukaan dan menyebabkan debit yang dihasilkan meningkat. Maka dari itu dilakukan klasifikasi citra landsat 7 & 8 menggunakan program ERR Mapper & ArcGIS untuk mengetahui perubahan tata guna lahan dan program HEC-HMS untuk mengetahui perubahan debit puncak yang terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode SCS Unit Hydrograph dengan tata guna lahan tahun 2009, 2013, dan 2018 sedangkan data curah hujan harian dan debit harian tahun 2018. Pada tata guna lahan tahun 2009 sampai 2018 luas lahan hutan terus mengalami penurunan sebesar 7,49 %. Hasil dari analisa berupa grafik yang menunjukkan debit puncak terus meningkat dari tahun 2009, 2013, hingga tahun 2018. Debit puncak mengalami peningkatan sebesar 67,48 % dikarenakan nilai CN yang meningkat seiring penurunan luasan hutan sehingga debit yang dihasilkan juga menjadi lebih besar.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KECEPATAN DAN VOLUME KENDARAAN TERHADAP EMISI DAN KONSENTRASI KARBON MONOKSIDA DI JALAN JENDERAL SUDIRMAN, KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Sasmita Aryo , Reza Muhammad , Elystia Shinta , Syarah Adriana  
Published: May 2022

Jumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat mempengaruhi mobilitas masyarakat yang berdampak pada meningkatnya volume kendaraan dan kemacetan. Kemacetan akan bisa menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas udara diperkotaan, terutama gas CO yang berasal dari gas buang kendaraan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Jenderal Sudirman yang memiliki kepadatan kendaraan tertinggi di Kota Pekanbaru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis emisi dan konsentrasi CO yang dipengaruhi kecepatan dan volume kendaraan yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan yaitu menghitung kecepatan dan volume kendaraan, mengukur konsentrasi CO di lapangan, menghitung emisi CO, dan menganalisis besarnya pengaruh kecepatan dan volume kendaraan terhadap konsentrasi dan emisi CO. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada dua titik di jalan Jendral Sudirman Kota Pekanbaru yang dibedakan berdasarkan kecepatan rata-ratanya. Data yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan analisis linier berganda menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian memperlihatkan adanya hubungan yang selaras antara jumlah kendaraan, kecepatan kendaraan, dan emisi CO, dimana semakin banyak jumlah kendaraan pada suatu titik maka kecepatan kendaraan akan semakin rendah sehingga emisi CO yang dihasilkan lebih besar. Sebaliknya untuk konsentrasi CO, jumlah dan kecepatan kendaraan tidak selalu berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi CO. Hal ini dikarenakan konsentrasi CO terdispersi di udara yang disebabkan oleh faktor lain seperti kecepatan angin dan suhu.
Patient-appropriate and patient-specific quantification: Application of biomedical sciences and engineering principles for the amelioration of outcomes following reconstruction of osteochondrotomy of the sternum to access the mediastinum
Authors: Gandhi Harjeet Singh 
Published: May 2022

It is a fact that the morphology, physiology, and load-bearing activities of two patients are never identical. The normal allometric variations in regional anatomy, primary disease processes, and co-morbid pathologies demand individual treatment planning and selection of implants for surgical repair, reconstruction, and replacement leading to patient-specific and patient-appropriate interventions. It requires quantification of hard and soft tissues of human anatomy directly or indirectly from image data and other evaluation techniques, which can be combined with reconstruction implant to form a composite structure for pre-operative evaluation. Finite element modeling and analysis are routine engineering methods to assess the safety and endurance of the physical structures, which can also be applied for the numerical evaluation of fracture reconstruction. The present study delves into the fundamentals of various imaging techniques and techniques for the acquisition of hard and soft tissue densities to extract material properties and introduces the practice of finite element methods for higher analysis and their intended surgical application.