bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Disability of Fifth Grade Students with Learning Difficulties at Karak Governorate and its Relationship to Academic Self-Efficacy
Authors: Al-Shobaki Tahani 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to identify the level of learning disability of fifth grade female students with learning difficulties at Karak Governorate, Jordan, and its relationship to the level of academic self-efficacy.
Methods: The study followed a relational descriptive approach. The study sample consisted of (150) students from Karak Governorate, Jordan. The researcher used two measures of learning disability that have (22) paragraphs, and a measure of academic self-efficacy that has a number of (20) paragraphs. The validity and reliability of the two scales were verified.
Results: The results of the study showed that the level of learned disability and academic self-efficacy among fifth-grade students with learning difficulties, from their viewpoint, was high. The results also showed a lack of a positive correlation between the level of learner disability and the level of academic self-efficacy.
Conclusions: The study recommends increasing Interest in conducting training programs to improve academic self-efficacy among female students by focusing on providing female students with necessary skills.
Self-Disclosure at Pre-Marriage Stage and its Relationship to Marital Adjustment among Health Sector Employees in Irbid Governorate
Authors: Al-jobour Feras Qurit'e Hussien , Lababneh Shima’a Mo’ath Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure in pre-marriage stage and its relationship to marital adjustment among health sector employees in Irbid Governorate, Jordan.
Methods: The study relied on a correlational descriptive approach. The study sample consisted of (400) participants (200 husbands, 200 wives); who were selected using a convenient sampling method. To achieve the objectives of the study, two scales were developed: the first scale was to measure self-disclosure in the per-marriage stage and the second scale was to measure marital adjustment. Validity and stability of both scales were verified.
Results: The results of the study reveal that the level of self-disclosure among participants in per-marriage stage was medium, while the level of marital adjustment was high. There was a significant positive correlation between self-disclosure in per-marriage stage and marital adjustment among participants. The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences in the level of self-disclosure in the per-marriage stage due to the choice method, in favor of the individual choice, and due to the age difference between husbands and wives, in favor of eight years and above.
Conclusions: The study recommends raising awareness about the importance of self-disclosure between partners to be married. It also recommends encouraging marriage counseling centers to hold courses for those who are about to get married to train them on self-disclosure skills.
Extent of Teachers' Knowledge of Required Skills in Distance Education in Jordan during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Alkhwaja Suhair Mohammad Abdallah , Seitan Wael Issa Saleh 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The study aims to reveal the degree of teachers’ knowledge of the skills required in distance education in Jordan during the Coronavirus pandemic, and whether it varies due to gender or stage. The study was applied in the second semester of the 2020 scholastic year.
Methods: To achieve the results, a descriptive approach was implemented. The main study tool was a questionnaire that was designed after reviewing the educational literature and previous studies. It consisted of (17) paragraphs. The study population consisted of (4013) teachers from Kasbaet Amman, where the sample of the study members consisted of (300) teachers, who were chosen in a simple random method from the study population.
Results: The results of the study indicate that the degree of teachers’ knowledge of the required skills in distance education in Jordan during the Corona pandemic was moderate. The results also show that there are no statistically significant differences due to gender. There are statistically significant differences due to school stage in favor of kindergarten stage.
Conclusions: In the light of the results of the study, the researchers recommend continuously training teachers on distance education skills and on how to design lessons according to models that adopt distance education. They also recommend reviewing curricula and developing them to suit the skills required for distance education, especially after the pandemic.
Problems Facing Primary School Teachers during Coronavirus Pandemic in Southern Marka District, Jordan
Authors: Najadat Tasneem Mowafaq , Al-Momani Ibrahim Abdullah 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to identify problems facing primary school teachers during the Coronavirus pandemic in Jordan based on their educational qualifications and years of experience.
Methods: The study used a descriptive approach. The sample of the study consisted of (100) female teachers of elementary stage in Al-Mughairat in the Southern Marka District in Jordan during the first semester of the academic year 2020/2021. The sample was selected intentionally from the population. A questionnaire of (26) paragraphs was used to collect data.
Results: The study results reveal that the problems facing primary stage teachers during the Coronavirus pandemic are numerous. These include difficulties related to financial conditions of families, inability to offer necessary equipment for distance education, lack of knowledge of parents on how to deal with e-learning platforms. The results indicate also that there are statistically significant differences (α = 0.05) between the study sample attributable to qualification in favor of higher diploma or higher.
Conclusions: The study recommends paying more attention to improving the qualifications of female teachers and training them on how to design online courses.
Proposed Educational Requirements to Activate the Strategy of Individualizing Education in Jordanian Public schools in Light of Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Alabed Mjdwlyn Zuheir Muhammad , Alabed Roweida Zuheir Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to build educational requirements to activate the strategy of individualizing education in Jordanian public schools in light of the Coronavirus pandemic.
Methods: A developmental survey was used. The study population consisted of all public school teachers in Jordan. The study sample amounted to (500) male and female teachers for the academic year (2021/2020).
Results: The results of the study show that the degree of importance of practicing the strategy of individualizing education at Jordanian public schools in light of the Coronavirus pandemic in general was high. The results also indicated that there were differences in gender in favor of males, and differences in educational qualification in favor of graduate degrees.
Conclusions: The study recommends organizing qualifying training courses for teachers, students and others working in the educational field. These courses should be concerned with activating modern methods of teaching, especially the strategy of individualizing education to achieve the desired educational and educational goals in light of the Coronavirus pandemic. The study also recommends using educational platforms to hold qualifying and training courses specialized in activating the strategy of individualizing education. The study also recommends inviting decision-makers in the Jordanian Ministry of Education to adopt the educational requirements proposed here to activate the strategy of individualizing education.
Role of E-Learning in Promoting Distance Learning at Public Schools in Hawalli, Kuwait
Authors: Jarkhi Hussain Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: September 2022

Aims: This study aims to identify the role of e-learning in promoting distance learning at public schools in the Hawalli region from teachers’ point of view.
Methods: A questionnaire consisting of (20) items was developed and was randomly distributed to (50) public school teachers in Hawalli. The questionnaire’s validity and reliability were confirmed by a committee of specialized referees.
Results: This study came out with several results, the most important of which is that the role of e-learning in promoting distance learning at public schools in the Hawalli region from the teachers’ point of view was vital. In addition, it was found that there are no statistically significant differences at the level (α = 0.05) in the average responses of the study sample members to the role of e-learning in promoting distance learning at public schools in the Hawalli region, due to gender, educational qualification, or years of experience.
Conclusion: The study recommends conducting e-learning according to a virtual classroom system in order to enhance distance learning. It also recommends the need to build appropriate online tests to the educational material as well as the levels of students in order to assess students in distance education.
Utilization Level of Assessment Strategies among Arts Education Teachers of Elementary Stage
Authors: Al Atoum Monther Sameh Mohmmad , Alsaggar Mowafaq Ali Sharif , Tubaishat Taiesir Hamdi Ahmad 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The current study aims to identify the utilization level of assessment strategies among arts education teachers at elementary stage.
Methods: To achieve the aims of the study, a descriptive design based on a questionnaire was used. The study sample consisted of arts education teachers at Jerash Directorate of Education during the first semester of the academic year 2018-2019.
Results: The results of the study reveal that the utilization level of assessment strategies among arts education teachers of elementary stage as a whole, was moderate. Furthermore, the results show no statistical significance at (α = 0.05) between the mean scores of study sample estimations related to the utilization level of assessment strategies among arts education teachers of elementary stage as a whole due to gender. They also reveal statistically significant differences due to educational qualification, in favor of teachers of higher education qualifications; and due to years of experience, in favor of teachers with ten or more years of experience.
Conclusion: The study recommends training teachers of arts education on the utilization of assessments strategies. It also recommends proposing pre-service courses addressing the employment of assessment strategies and its applications in the field of arts education.
THE EFFECT OF COMPETENCY AND COMMITMENT TO LECTURER RESEARCH PERFORMANCE IN HIGH SCHOOL OF ADMINISTRATION SCIENCE (STIA) TABALONG
Authors: Mirnayanti Saumira 
Published: September 2022

Penulisan ini berangkat dari suatu kerangka teori, gagasan para ahli, ataupun pemahaman peneliti berdasarkan pengalamannya, kemudian dikembangkan menjadi permasalahan – permasalahan beserta pemecahan – pemecahannnya yang diajukan untuk memperoleh pembenaran (verivikasi) dalam bentuk dukungan data emperis di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar Pengaruh Kompetensi Dan Komitmen Terhadap Kinerja Penelitian Dosen di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Tabalong, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif, dengan populasi sebanyak 42, sampel 42 orang dan teknik analisis data dengan instrument penelitian uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, Uji Asumsi Klasik dan menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Kompetensi dan Komitmen secara Persial dan Simultan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Penelitian Dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Tabalong dan variabel yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap Kinerja Penelitian Dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Tabalong adalah Kompetensi, Determinasi adjusted (R2) adalah 0,440 atau 44%, hal ini menunjukkan besarnya kontribusi yang diberikan seluruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikatnya.
Kata kunci : Kompetensi, Komitmen dan Kinerja.
PENGAWASAN DISTRIBUSI GAS LPG 3 KG PADA SUB AGEN DI KECAMATAN KELUA KABUPATEN TABALONG
Authors: Rahmadi  , Rahma Yuliani  , Taufik Arbain  
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini berujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan pengawasan distribusi gas lpj 3 kg pada sub agen di Kecamatan Kelua Kabupaten Tabalong dan Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penghambat dan pendukung dalam proses pengawasan distribusi gas LPG 3 Kg pada sub agen. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan tiga teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan yang dilakukan masih rendah dilihat dari kurangnya pengawasan saat penetapan standar pelaksanaan dalam pendistribusian. Lemahnya pengawasan ketika penentuan pengukuran pelaksanaan kegiatan dalam pendistribusian gas. Sedikitnya kegiatan pengawasan yang dilakukan untuk pengukuran pelaksanaan kegiatan distribusi gas lpg. Rendahnya pengawasan dalam perbandingan pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan standard pelaksanaan dan evaluasi penyimpangan dalam pendistribusian gas lpg 3 kg pada sub agen. Namun, untuk pengambilan tindakan koreksi terhadap sub agen saat distribusi gas lpg oleh disperindag sudah baik. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah sumber daya manusia yang belum memadai, kurangnya koordinasi pemerintah dengan masyarakat, kesadaran masyarakat. faktor yang mendukung adalah sumber daya manusia yang memadai, dan Koordinasi. Hasil penelitian ini disarankan sub agen ada di setiap desa secara merata, menambah sumber daya manusia, melakukan pengawasan secara berkala dan continue, memberikan reward kepada sub agen dan masyarkat, memberikan peringatan yang tegas saat ada pelanggaran.
Inversión pública en educación y su relación con los logros de aprendizaje en estudiantes de segundo grado de educación primaria, en la región San Martín
Authors: Valera Vela Mtro. Jhaisinio Salomon , Ramírez Moreno Mtro. Gustavo , Chung Díaz Mtro. Segundo Fabián , Ramírez Garcia Dr. Gustavo , Ramírez Garcia Dr. Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

La investigación realizada tiene como finalidad determinar cómo es que la inversión pública en el ámbito del sector educación se relaciona y repercute sobre el nivel y los logros de aprendizaje en los niños del segundo grado de educación primaria en la región de San Martin, en la que se recolecto información del SIAF DRE para desarrollar los objetivos, para el tratamiento y presentación de la información, se empleó tablas y gráficos de barras, así como análisis estadístico para luego describir los resultados.
La metodología se enfocó en una investigación de tipo no experimental y diseño descriptiva correlacional donde se tuvo como población al acervo documentario concerniente a las inversiones realizadas por el Estado y los logros de los estudiantes, a nivel de todos los centros educativos de la región de San Martín.
Luego de obtener los resultados, se llegó a la concluir que existe una baja inversión en cuanto a infraestructura, fortalecimientos de las capacidades docentes, gastos en equipamientos, materiales educativos en el nivel primario, y la gestión en sí, debido a que en los períodos de estudio solo se alcanzó a invertir un 10.09% a diferencia de los gastos en planilla que se alcanzó un 89.91%, el que no permite que los logros de aprendizaje de los alumnos se incrementen favorablemente
Sistema de control interno y gestión institucional de la Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local de Alto Amazonas – Yurimaguas
Authors: Chung Díaz Mtro. Segundo Fabián , Ramírez Moreno Mtro. Gustavo , Ramírez Garcia Dr. Gustavo , Trigozo Paredes Mg. Mauro , Valera Vela Mtro. Jhaisinio Salomon 
Published: September 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre el sistema de control interno y la gestión administrativa de la Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local Alto Amazonas – Yurimaguas, 2020.
La investigación fue tipo básica, diseño no experimental, transversal y descriptivo correlacional, la población fue de 83 y la muestra fue de 56 colaboradores, se empleó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario. Los resultados determinaron que el control interno tiene un nivel muy malo con un 41%, asimismo la gestión institucional tiene un nivel de nunca con un 41%. Concluyendo que el coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman obtuvo un valor de 0.821 que indica una correlación positiva alta, indicando que existe relación significativa entre el Sistema de Control Interno y la Gestión Institucional de la Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local Alto Amazonas – Yurimaguas 2020.
On the Robustness of the Velocity Anisotropy Parameter in Probing the Stellar Kinematics in Milky Way–Like Galaxies: Takeaway from TNG50 Simulation
Authors: Emami Razieh , Hernquist Lars , Vogelsberger Mark , Shen Xuejian , Speagle 沈 Joshua S. 佳士 , Moreno Jorge , Alcock Charles , Genel Shy , Forbes John C. , Marinacci Federico , Torrey Paul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We analyze the velocity anisotropy of stars in real and energy space for a sample of Milky Way–like galaxies in the TNG50 simulation. We employ different selection criteria, including spatial, kinematic, and metallicity cuts, and make three halo classes (



–



) that show mild-to-strong sensitivity to different selections. The above classes cover 48%, 16%, and 36% of the halos, respectively. We analyze the β radial profiles and divide them into either monotonically increasing radial profiles or ones with peaks and troughs. We demonstrate that halos with monotonically increasing β profiles are mostly from class



, while those with peaks/troughs are part of classes



and



. This means that care must be taken, as the observationally reported peaks/troughs might be a consequence of different selection criteria. We infer the anisotropy parameter β energy space and compare that against the β radial profile. It is seen than 65% of halos with very mild sensitivity to different selections in real space are those for which the β radial and energy profiles are closely related. Consequently, we propose that comparing the β radial and energy profiles might be a novel way to examine the sensitivity to different selection criteria and thus examining the robustness of the anisotropy parameter in tracing stellar kinematics. We compare simulated β radial profiles against various observations and demonstrate that, in most cases, the model diversity is comparable with the error bars from different observations, meaning that the TNG50 models are in good overall agreement with observations.
The JWST Resolved Stellar Populations Early Release Science Program. I. NIRCam Flux Calibration
Authors: Boyer Martha L. , Anderson Jay , Gennaro Mario , Geha Marla , Wingfield McQuinn Kristen B. , Tollerud Erik , Correnti Matteo , Brenner Newman Max J. , Cohen Roger E. , Kallivayalil Nitya , Beaton Rachel , Cole Andrew A. , Dolphin Andrew , Kalirai Jason S. , Sandstrom Karin M. , Savino Alessandro , Skillman Evan D. , Weisz Daniel R. , Williams Benjamin F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We use globular cluster data from the Resolved Stellar Populations Early Release Science (ERS) program to validate the flux calibration for the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the James Webb Space Telescope. We find a significant flux offset between the eight short wavelength detectors, ranging from 1% to 23% (∼0.01–0.2 mag) that affects all NIRCam imaging observations. We deliver improved zero-points for the ERS filters and show that alternate zero-points derived by the community also improve the calibration significantly. We also find that the detector offsets appear to be time variable by up to at least 0.1 mag.
The Contribution of Small Impact Craters to Lunar Polar Wander
Authors: Smith David E. , Viswanathan Vishnu , Mazarico Erwan , Goossens Sander , Head James W. , Neumann Gregory A. , Zuber Maria T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Changes in mass distribution affect the gravitational figure and reorient a planetary body’s surface with respect to its rotational axis. The mass anomalies in the present-day lunar gravity field can reveal how the figure and pole position have evolved over the Moon’s history. By examining sequentially each individual crater and basin, working backward in time order through the catalog of nearly 5200 craters and basins between 1200 and 20 km in diameter, we investigate their contribution to the lunar gravitational figure and reconstruct the evolution of the pole position by extracting their gravitational signatures from the present-day Moon. We find that craters and basins in this diameter range, which excludes South Pole–Aitken, have contributed to nearly 25% of the present-day power from the Moon’s degree-2 gravitational figure and resulted in a total displacement of the Moon’s pole by ∼10° along the Earth–Moon tidal axis over the past ∼4.25 billion years. This also implies that the geographical location of the Moon’s rotational pole has not moved since ∼3.8 Ga by more than ∼2° in latitude owing to impacts, and this has implications for the long-term stability of volatiles in the polar regions.
Comparison of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels in chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatic cirrhosis and without hepatic cirrhosis
Authors: Hamdany Andhika Kusuma , Parewangi Muhammad Luthfi , Saleh Sahyuddin , Bakri Syakib , Akil Fardah , Abadi Satriawan , Seweng Arifin 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: One of the hepatic cirrhosis manifestations is bleeding disorders. Among all the substance that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the balance between thrombosis and thrombolysis is PAI-1, synthesized by hepatocytes. The dynamics of increase and decrease of PAI-1 is a natural response to the ongoing hepatic cirrhosis, but may not be seen in non-hepatic cirrhosis. PAI-1 levels also depends on the stage of fibrosis. Several conditions may interfere with PAI-1 levels including age, body mass index, and gender
Objectives: This study aims to find out the comparison of PAI-1 levels in hepatitis B patients with hepatic cirrhosis and without hepatic cirrhosis and to compare it with every stage of hepatic cirrhosis.
Patients and Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospitals, Makassar. Subjects are chronic hepatitis B patients with and without hepatic cirrhosis which meet inclusion criteria. Serum PAI-1 levels were measured by using Bender MedSystems human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ELISA kit (BMS2033) and using the ELISA technique. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test as well as the Mann-Whitney method. Statistical results are considered significant if the p-value <0.05.
Results: The research was conducted on 60 subjects who meet inclusion criteria, consisting of 33 men and 27 women. There were 16 patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Levels of PAI-1 in hepatic cirrhosis was significantly different which lower than non-hepatic cirrhosis patient (0.43 ng/mL Vs 1.11 ng/mL, p=0.024). By staging of hepatic fibrosis, stage F2 hepatic fibrosis had the highest levels of PAI-1, in contrast with end-stage hepatic fibrosis which had the lowest levels.
Conclusion: Levels of PAI-1 fluctuate through different stages of hepatic fibrosis. The significant difference in PAI-1 levels in hepatic cirrhosis and non-hepatic cirrhosis demonstrates a correlation between PAI-1 and hepatic cirrhosis
Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B, Hepatic cirrhosis, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1