bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenological growth stage of tropical shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) planted from seed in lowland area based on the BBCH scale
Authors: Pangestuti Retno , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Kurniasih Budiastuti , Murti Rudi Hari , Harper Stephen , Subandiyah Siti 
Published: July 2022

AbstractShallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) is an important Allium plant commonly grown in tropical countries, including Indonesia, and it is used as spice for daily cooking, medicine, cosmetics and dietary supplements. Since shallot is predominantly propagated vegetatively by bulbs, it augments pathogen accumulation which influences low seed bulb management as well as productivity. Hence, utilisation of seeds/True Seed Shallot (TSS) emerges an alternative propagation material. However, no information is available on the growth stages of shallot plants from TSS. The phenological growth stages of tropical shallot planted in lowland areas using seeds in accordance with the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt nd CHemische Industrie (BBCH) scale are first described here. Five introduced TSS cultivars, that is, Tuk Tuk, Lokananta, Sanren, Maserati, Tropix and four landraces TSS cultivars, that is, Bima, Biru Lancor, Pancasona and Trisula, were used as planting materials to develop an extended numerical BBCH scale for the identification of different phenological growth stages of shallot from seed. The study was conducted in lowland areas under tropical conditions of Indonesia. Based on BBCH scale, phenology of tropical shallot from seed in lowland area exhibited five of the 10 principal stages (0–9): germination (stage 0), leaf development (stage 1), formation of lateral shoot/tiller of pseudostem (stage 2), development of bulb (harvestable vegetative part) (stage 4), and senescence (stage 9). The codification of the different growth stages is essential in determination of the correct timing for better crop management, particularly for transplanting, fertilisation, control of weeds, disease and pest, plant growth regulators application and harvest time. As an implication, these BBCH scales could be used in plant breeding activities to shorten the TSS life cycle.
Using videos in active learning: An experience in veterinary anatomy
Authors: Senos Rafael , Leite Carolina Augusta Ramos , dos Santos Tolezano Fellipe , Roberto‐Rodrigues Mauro , Pérez William 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExamination failure rate is high in veterinary anatomy in Brazilian universities. We report here our active learning experience in which students recorded video reports on veterinary anatomical specimens of locomotor apparatus to support classic learning. Eighteen students were divided into 2 groups, case group (V3) and control (E). Case group students individually recorded video reports of prosected specimens weekly. Acceptance and efficacy of the strategy were assessed with a Likert scale anonymous questionnaire and students' scores in theoretical exams. The method was highly accepted and the performance test proved that recording videos is an effective strategy for active learning in anatomy.
Effects of topical docosahexaenoic acid on postoperative fibrosis in an animal model of glaucoma filtration surgery
Authors: Carré Chloé , Baudin Florian , Buteau Bénédicte , Martine Lucy , Grégoire Stéphane , Vasku Glenda , Berdeaux Olivier , Béduneau Arnaud , Pellequer Yann , Jamoussi Jasmine , Desrumeaux Catherine , Aho Serge , Bron Alain‐Marie , Acar Niyazi , Creuzot‐Garcher Catherine , Gabrielle Pierre Henri 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a potential antifibrotic agent after glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) in rats.MethodsA total of 36 10‐week‐old Brown Norway rats underwent GFS. Animals were equally divided into three groups: a control group, a DHA group and a mitomycin C (MMC) group. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a dynamic rebound tonometer, and a photograph of the surgical site was taken on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 17. The incorporation of DHA into fibroblasts was evaluated by gas chromatography. The expression of alfa‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and Smad proteins was assessed by Western blotting.ResultsIOP decreased after surgery in animals from the three groups on day 1 after surgery. Over time, IOP remained lower in the DHA and MMC groups than in the control group (median [interquartile range] 8.0 [7.0–8.0] and 8.0 [7.3–8.0] mmHg vs. 9.0 [8.0–9.0] mmHg, respectively; p < 0.001). Bleb area in the DHA and MMC groups remained larger than that of the control group from day 7 to day 14 (3.9 [2.9–5.2] and 3.5 [2.3–4.4] mm2 vs. 2.3 [2.0–2.8] mm2, respectively; p = 0.0021). We did not observe any change in DHA concentrations in the fibroblasts of the DHA group compared with the other groups.ConclusionThe impact of DHA on IOP and bleb area was similar to that of MMC. The mechanisms of action of DHA in rat eye fibroblasts deserve further investigation.
Protective effect of proton‐pump inhibitor against gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving oral anticoagulants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ahn Hyo‐Jeong , Lee So‐Ryoung , Choi Eue‐Keun , Rhee Tae‐Min , Kwon Soonil , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: August 2022

AimsThe evidence of a protective effect of proton‐pump inhibitor (PPI) in oral anticoagulant (OAC)‐treated patients against gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is still lacking. We conducted a meta‐analysis to estimate the risk of GIB in patients with OAC and PPI cotherapy.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Scopus databases was performed for studies reporting GIB risk in OAC and PPI cotherapy. Primary outcomes were total GIB and major GIB events. Pooled estimates of GIB risk were calculated by a random‐effect meta‐analysis and reported as odds ratios and 95% confidence interval.ResultsA total of 10 studies and 1 970 931 patients were included. OAC and PPI cotherapy were associated with a lower odds of total and major GIB; odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.67 (0.62–0.74) for total and 0.68 (0.63–0.75) for major GIB, respectively. No differences in the GIB of PPI cotherapy were observed between Asians and non‐Asians (P‐for‐difference, total GIB = .70, major GIB = .75, respectively). For all kinds of OAC except for edoxaban, PPI cotreatment was related to lower odds of GIB by 24–44%. The protective effect of PPI on total GIB was more significant in concurrent antiplatelets or nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug users and those with high bleeding risks: patients with previous GIB history, HAS‐BLED ≥3 or underlying gastrointestinal diseases.ConclusionIn patients who receive OAC, PPI cotherapy is associated with a lower total and major GIB irrespective of ethnic group and OAC type, except for edoxaban. PPI cotherapy can be considered particularly in patients with high risk of GIB.
TUXEDO: a phase I/II trial of cetuximab with chemoradiotherapy in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: James Nicholas D. , Liu Wenyu , Pirrie Sarah , Kaur Baljit , Hendron Carey , Ford Daniel , Zarkar Anjali , Viney Richard , Southgate Elizabeth , Desai Amisha , Hussain Syed A. ,   the TUXEDO investigators
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of adding cetuximab to standard chemoradiotherapy for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.Patients and MethodsTUXEDO was a prospective, single‐arm, open‐label, phase I/II trial conducted in six UK hospitals. Cetuximab was administered with an initial loading dose of 400 mg/m2 on Day 1 of Week −1, and then seven weekly doses of 250 mg/m2. The radiotherapy schedule was 64 Gy/32F with Day 1 mitomycin C (12 g/m2) and 5‐fluorouracil (500 mg/m2/day) over Days 1–5 and Days 22–26. Patients with T2‐4aN0M0 urothelial cancer and a performance status of 0–1 were eligible. Prior neoadjuvant therapy was permitted. The Phase I primary outcome was impact on radiotherapy treatment completion and toxicity experienced during treatment. The Phase II primary outcome was local control at 3 months post treatment.ResultsBetween September 2012 and October 2016, 33 patients were recruited; seven in Phase I, 26 in Phase II. Three patients in Phase II were subsequently deemed ineligible and received no trial therapy. Eight patients discontinued cetuximab due to adverse effects. The patients’ median (range) age was 70.1 (60.6–75.1) years, 20 had a performance status of 0, 27 were male and 26 had already received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In Phase I, all patients completed planned radiotherapy, with no delays or dose reductions. Of the 30 evaluable patients in Phase II, 25 had confirmed local control 3 months after treatment (77%, 95% confidence interval 58–90). During the trial there were 18 serious adverse events. The study was halted due to slow accrual.ConclusionPhase I data demonstrate it is feasible and safe to add cetuximab to chemoradiotherapy. Exploratory analysis of Phase II data provides evidence to consider further clinical evaluation of cetuximab in this setting.
Describing the natural history of clinical, biochemical and radiological outcomes of children with familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2) from the United Kingdom: A retrospective case series
Authors: Zhong Zhu Xuan , Harris Julie , Wilber Ellen , Gorman Samantha , Savage David B. , O'Rahilly Stephen , Stears Anna , Williams Rachel M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContextFamilial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2) results from autosomal dominant mutations in the LMNA gene, causing lack of subcutaneous fat deposition and excess ectopic fat accumulation, leading to metabolic complications and reduced life expectancy. The rarity of the condition means that the natural history of FPLD2 throughout childhood is not well understood. We report outcomes in a cohort of 12 (5M) children with a genetic diagnosis of FPLD2, under the care of the UK National Severe Insulin Resistance Service (NSIRS) which offers multidisciplinary input including dietetic, in addition to screening for comorbidities.ObjectiveTo describe the natural history of clinical, biochemical and radiological outcomes of children with FPLD2.DesignA retrospective case note review of children with a genetic diagnosis of FPLD2 who had been seen in the paediatric NSIRS was performed.PatientsTwelve (5M) individuals diagnosed with FPLD2 via genetic testing before age 18 and who attended the NSIRS clinic were included.MeasurementsRelationships between metabolic variables (HbA1c, triglycerides, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and alanine transaminase [ALT]) across time, from first visit to most recent, were explored using a multivariate model, adjusted for age and gender. The age of development of comorbidities was recorded.ResultsThree patients (all female) developed diabetes between 12 and 19 years and were treated with Metformin. One female has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and four (1M) patients developed mild hepatic steatosis at a median [range] age of 14(12–15) years. Three (1M) patients reported mental health problems related to lipodystrophy. There was no relationship between biochemical results and age. Patients with diabetes had higher concentrations of ALT than patients who did not have diabetes, adjusted for age, gender and body mass index standard deviation scores.ConclusionsDespite dietetic input, some patients, more commonly females, developed comorbidities after the age of 10. The absence of relationships between biochemical results and age likely reflects a small cohort size. We propose that, while clinical review and dietetic support are beneficial for children with FPLD2, formal screening for comorbidities before age 10 may not be of benefit. Clinical input from an multidisciplinary team including dietician, psychologist and clinician should be offered after diagnosis.
Sibling coalitions in the context of parental child maltreatment
Authors: Katz Carmit , Cohen Noa , Tener Dafna , Sharabi Or‐Yuval 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChild maltreatment (CM) is a social and public health issue with a high global prevalence. However, sibling dynamics in the context of CM remain understudied. The present study aims to shed light on sibling relationships in the context of parental CM. The sample included 20 Israeli adult CM survivors who grew up with at least one sibling. In‐depth interviews explored their experiences as children, with a focus on their relationship with their siblings. A thematic analysis identified the main theme of the formation, or lack thereof, of sibling coalitions in childhood and adulthood. Some participants described comforting and protective sibling relationships in childhood, whereas others told of conflictual or distant childhood relationships that developed into adulthood alliances. Others described perpetrating parents who attempted to disrupt the sibling relationship. The sibling relationship comprises complex dynamics and emotions, which can vary within a single sibling subsystem. The findings highlight the need to examine sibling dynamics throughout the lifespan and their relation to CM survivors' wellbeing. Regarding the spillover and compensation hypotheses, there is a need to explore the role of the perpetrating parent and their attempts to sabotage the sibling dynamic.
Differentiation between anatomical slenderness and acquired stenosis of the internal jugular veins
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Wu Xiaoqin , Lan Duo , Zhou Da , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposesDifferentiating between acquired stenosis (pathologic) and anatomical slenderness (physiologic) of internal jugular vein (IJV) remain ambiguous. Herein, we aimed to compare the similarities and differences between the two entities.MethodsPatients who underwent head and neck computer tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled in this case‐control study from January 2016 through October 2021.Results1487 eligible patients entered final analysis totally. 803 patients had bilateral IJVs imaging without IJV stenosis‐related symptoms and presented in three ways: right IJV slenderness (10.5%, n = 85), left IJV slenderness (48.4%, n = 388), and symmetric IJVs (41.1%, n = 330). In patients with asymmetric IJVs, their bilateral jugular foramina were also asymmetric. All involved asymmetric IJVs presented as slenderness without surrounding abnormal collaterals and credible cloudy‐like white matter hyper‐intensity (WMH). Their cerebral arterial perfusion statuses on brain MR‐PWI maps were normal.In contrast, the major patients with IJV stenosis presented with signs and symptoms such as headaches, head noise, etc. In CE‐MRV maps, local stenosis of the IJV was surrounded by abnormal venous collaterals in contrast to the lack of abnormal venous collaterals for patients with IJV slenderness. And in CTV maps, the caliber of jugular foramina was mismatched with the transverse diameter of IJV. Moreover, in MRI maps of most of these patients, a cloudy‐like WMHs were distributed symmetrically in bilateral periventricular and/or centrum semi vales. These patients also had symmetrical cerebral arterial hypo‐perfusion. Seven patients underwent stenting of the IJV stenosis correction, their WMHs attenuated or disappeared subsequently.ConclusionsImaging features in addition to clinical symptoms can be used to differentiate between physiologic IJV slenderness and pathologic IJV stenosis. Notable imagine‐defining features for IJV stenosis include local stenosis surrounded by abnormal venous collaterals, cloudy‐like WMHs, and mismatch between the transverse diameter of IJV and the caliber of the jugular foramina.
Novel strategy for primary epithelial cell isolation: Combination of hyaluronidase and collagenase I
Authors: Hu Zhewen , Chen Yiming , Gao Min , Chi Xiaopei , He Ying , Zhang Chenguang , Yang Yue , Li Yuman , Lv Yan , Huang Ying , Deng Xuliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveDifferent strategies for epithelial cell isolation significantly affect the viability and physiological properties of primary cells. Trypsin digestion, a conventional method, causes collateral damage owing to its strong digestive potential. To better preserve the physiological properties of epithelial tissues, we aimed to develop a modified method (hyaluronidase and collagenase I combination) for primary cell isolation.MethodWe used conventional and modified methods to compare cell viability, morphology and stemness. Additionally, we investigated the passaging stability of epithelial cells and their capacity for organoid formation. Finally, we compared the two methods for isolating urothelial, oesophageal, lingual, and epidermal epithelial cells.ResultGingival epithelial cells obtained using the modified method had higher viability, better morphology and stronger stemness than those obtained using the conventional method. Additionally, primary cells obtained using the modified method were stably passaged. Regarding organoid culture, adopting the modified method led to a significant increase in the growth rate and expression of the stem cell markers cytokeratin (CK)‐19 and Ki‐67. Furthermore, the modified method outperformed the conventional method for isolating urothelial, epidermal, oesophageal and lingual epithelial cells.ConclusionWe demonstrated that the combination of hyaluronidase and collagenase I outperformed trypsin in preserving the physiological properties of primary cells and organoid formation. The modified method could be broadly applied to isolate different types of epithelial cells and facilitate studies on organoids and tissue engineering.
Dental trauma splints for the mixed dentition – A finite element analysis of splint material, splint extension, missing teeth, and PDL representation
Authors: Vilela Andomar Bruno Fernandes , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira , Versluis Antheunis , Soares Carlos José 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsDental traumatic injuries are common in children during the mixed dentition stage. These injuries usually require splinting for stabilization, which is complicated by the various stages of the permanent tooth development and primary tooth exfoliation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on mobility of splint materials and extensions for an avulsed central incisor, stabilized with and without the adjacent incisor under intrusive and extrusive loading with different periodontal ligament (PDL) conditions.Materials and MethodsSeventeen 3D model variations were created from a CBCT scan of a 7‐year‐old patient without erupted permanent upper lateral incisors. A 1000 N palatal load on the right central incisor simulated the avulsion injury and created an increased alveolus and bone deformation, resulting in an increased PDL thickness of 0.45 mm. Wire‐resin composite splints with 0.9 mm cross‐section (WCS) or 1.0 mm diameter nylon‐resin composite splints (NCS) were created. The models simulated conditions with and without the adjacent upper central incisor. Two PDL conditions were investigated, simulating detached PDL or PDL with polyether impression material‐like properties. Mobility was calculated under simulated biting loads in horizontal and vertical (intrusive and extrusive) directions.ResultsThe NCS allowed greater tooth mobility of the avulsed incisor than the WCS, irrespective of splint extension, PDL condition, or load application. During horizontal loading, polyether‐like properties for the PDL allowed around 0.2 mm mobility of the avulsed tooth with the WCS, similar to the intact tooth, whereas a simulated detached PDL allowed 25% more mobility with a WCS than with a NCS.ConclusionsBased on the FEA analysis, a 1.0 mm NCS may be suitable for splinting avulsion injuries during the mixed dentition stage compared to the considerably more rigid WCS. The NCS models provided flexibility for PDL healing while maintaining stability, even when missing adjacent teeth increased span widths. Extensions beyond directly adjacent teeth did not alter the mobility with the NCS but should still be considered an extra protection in case of bond failure or exfoliation.
Parasitoid venom alters the lipid composition and development of microorganisms on the wax moth cuticle
Authors: Kryukov Vadim Yu. , Chernyak Elena I. , Kryukova Natalia , Tyurin Maksim , Krivopalov Anton , Yaroslavtseva Olga , Senderskiy Igor , Polenogova Olga , Zhirakovskaia Elena , Glupov Viktor V. , Morozov Sergey V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEctoparasitoids may change host metabolism, making the environment more favorable for the development of their larvae. These alterations may also be suitable for growth and proliferation of commensal microorganisms and pathogens. This is especially important in relation to cuticular microbiota, with which ectoparasitoids interact directly. However, biochemical and microbiological changes occurring on insect cuticles in response to parasitoid venoms are insufficiently understood. We assayed the biochemical and microbiological changes in cuticles of larvae of the wax moth,Galleria mellonella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), after envenomation byHabrobracon brevicornis(Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).In particular, lipid composition in the epicuticle, total nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) amounts in the cuticle, bacterial colony‐forming unit (CFU) counts, and bacterial community structure (16S rRNA gene‐based metagenomics) on the insect surface were analyzed. The susceptibility of wax moth larvae to the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF)Metarhizium robertsiiJ.F. Bisch., S.A. Rehner & Humber (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) was also assessed.Envenomation led to an increase in the hydrocarbon amount, as well as alterations in the fatty acid composition of the epicuticle; in particular, a large decrease in the amount of ω‐1 hydroxy fatty acids. The total N and C amounts in the cuticle also slightly increased after envenomation. These changes were correlated with a decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase inEnterococcusabundance on the surface of envenomated larvae. Envenomation also led to a substantial increase in larval susceptibility toM. robertsiiinfection; differences between the LC50values of envenomated and control larvae were 505 000‐fold. We suggest that the hyper‐lipidation of the cuticle is related to processes occurring in the host’s hemocoel after envenomation by the parasitoid. The effects of the changes in the lipid composition on the proliferation and development of microorganisms are discussed.