bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapy for Stage IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Without Driver Alterations: ASCO Living Guideline
Authors: Singh Navneet , Temin Sarah , Baker Sherman , Blanchard Elizabeth , Brahmer Julie R. , Celano Paul , Duma Narjust , Ellis Peter M. , Elkins Ivy B. , Haddad Rami Y. , Hesketh Paul J. , Jain Dharamvir , Johnson David H. , Leighl Natasha B. , Mamdani Hirva , Masters Gregory , Moffitt Pamela R. , Phillips Tanyanika , Riely Gregory J. , Robinson Andrew G. , Rosell Rafael , Schiller Joan H. , Schneider Bryan J. , Spigel David R. , Jaiyesimi Ishmael A. 
Published: July 2022

Living guidelines are routinely updated guidelines that are developed for selected topic areas with rapidly evolving evidence that drives frequent change in clinical practice. These guidelines are updated on a regular schedule, based on the work of a standing panel that reviews the literature on a continuous basis. Updates will be made regularly and can be found at https://ascopubs.org/nsclc-non-da-living-guideline . PURPOSE To provide evidence-based recommendations updating the 2020 ASCO and Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) guideline on systemic therapy for patients with stage IV non–small-cell lung cancer without driver alterations. METHODS ASCO updated recommendations on the basis of an ongoing systematic review of randomized clinical trials from 2018 to 2021. RESULTS This guideline update reflects changes in evidence since the previous update. Five randomized clinical trials provide the evidence base. Outcomes of interest include efficacy and safety. RECOMMENDATIONS In addition to 2020 options for patients with high programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression (tumor proportion score [TPS] ≥ 50%), nonsquamous cell carcinoma (non-SCC), and performance status (PS) 0-1, clinicians may offer single-agent atezolizumab. With high PD-L1 expression (TPS ≥ 50%), non-SCC, and PS 0-1, clinicians may offer nivolumab and ipilumumab alone or nivolumab and ipilimumab plus chemotherapy. With negative (0%) and low positive PD-L1 expression (TPS 1%-49%), non-SCC, and PS 0-1, clinicians may offer nivolumab and ipilimumab alone or nivolumab and ipilimumab plus chemotherapy. With high PD-L1 expression, SCC, and PS 0-1, clinicians may offer single-agent atezolizumab. With high PD-L1 expression, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and PS 0-1, clinicians may offer nivolumab and ipilimumab alone or in combination with two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. With negative and low positive PD-L1 expression, SCC, and PS 0-1, clinicians may offer nivolumab and ipilimumab alone or in combination with two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. With non-SCC who received an immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy as first-line therapy, clinicians may offer second-line paclitaxel plus bevacizumab. With non-SCC, who received chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, clinicians should offer the options of third-line single-agent pemetrexed, docetaxel, or paclitaxel plus bevacizumab. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/thoracic-cancer-guidelines .
Embedding procedure and wormhole solutions in f(Q) gravity
Authors: Hassan Zinnat , Mustafa G. , Santos Joao R. L. , Sahoo P. K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An intriguing solution that appears in General Relativity (GR) but has not been observed so far is the wormhole. This exotic solution describes a topological bridge connecting two distinct universes or two different points in the same universe. It is known that the traversable wormhole solutions violate all the energy conditions in GR, resulting in their instability. In this work, we are going to unveil new wormhole solutions for f(Q) gravity where Q is the nonmetricity scalar, which is responsible for the gravitational interaction. The energy conditions to constraint these wormhole solutions were derived using the embedding procedure. This procedure consists in rewriting the density and the pressures of the solutions as those presented by General Relativity. Then, the nontrivial contributions coming from new theories of gravity are embedded into the effective equations for density and pressures. Along with our approach, we carefully analyze two families of f(Q) models and we use two different shape functions to build the wormholes solutions for each of these f(Q) models. We are going to present new scenarios with the possibility of traversable wormholes satisfying SEC or DEC energy conditions in the presence of exotic matter.
Where Did John von Neumann's Mathematical Economics Come From?
Authors: Carvajalino Juan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article shows, based on archival material, where and how von Neumann's mathematical economics evolved from the realization around 1932 that there existed a formal analogy between economics and games to the conviction in 1940 that the analogy between homo economicus and homo ludens was more than a formal one. It also shows that von Neumann's application of games to economics echoed in nontrivial ways scholarly discussions of a seminar organized in Fuld Hall at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton by von Neumann's historian colleague Edward Mead Earle. In the Earle seminar, an international community of historians and political and social scientists concerned with stability, strategy, and security issues investigated war as a social phenomenon from the perspectives of international relations and military history. In some of their discussions, homo ludens might have appeared as a category that should be taken more seriously in social theory. This article argues that the Earle seminar discussions likely helped convince von Neumann in 1940 that the analogy between economics and games that he had found in 1932 was meaningful in a scholarly way to history, political science, and social science. By putting the von Neumann–Earle seminar connection in the backdrop of Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, this article briefly bridges some interwar, World War II, and Cold War developments related to von Neumann's influence in economics and social science.
Adam Smith, Adam Ferguson, and the Reconceptualization of Philosophy in Eighteenth-Century Scotland
Authors: Smith Craig 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the most powerful themes in the contemporary revisionist literature on the Scottish Enlightenment is the desire to understand the disciplinary context within which political economy began to develop. Central to this is the observation that Adam Smith was a professor of moral philosophy and conceived of his writing as a branch of that discipline. This article suggests that we can better come to understand some important elements of Smith's thinking if we appreciate and read The Theory of Moral Sentiments in the context of a philosophical debate between Smith and his contemporary Adam Ferguson, a debate that is driven by the pedagogical dimensions of moral philosophy in the eighteenth-century Scottish universities.
DecenteringSinas: Poststructuralism and Sinology
Authors: Klein Lucas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn Of Grammatology Jacques Derrida describes the “necessary decentering” that took place in Western philosophy following “the becoming-legible of non-Western scripts,” when the European intellectual tradition was forced to confront its civilizational others. Derrida positions himself as contributing to this decentering, displacing the value-laden binary opposition central to structuralism. But as Derrida explained, the “first decentering limits itself” by “recenter[ing] itself upon” what he calls “the ‘Chinese’ prejudice: all the philosophical projects of a universal script and of a universal language [which] encouraged seeing in the recently discovered Chinese script a model of the philosophical language thus removed from history.” How has the approach to Chinese language and literature of that decentering known as poststructuralism limited itself or recentered itself, and how has sinology responded to the influence of poststructuralism? Insofar as the Chinese term for the Sinae (China) at the root of sinology is itself “middle” or “central” (中), how susceptible to decentering can sinology be? This article begins with a survey of poststructuralist writings about China by renowned post-structuralists, alongside responses to their work by sinologists and comparatists, arguing that poststructuralist writings tend to recenter themselves on a binary opposition between China and the West. The author then addresses the influence of poststructuralism on Chinese literary studies, to argue that the most successful poststructural decentering occurs in sinology when sinologists disseminate their decentering through a dissipated poststructuralism.
Gata2, Nkx2-2 and Skor2 form a transcription factor network regulating development of a midbrain GABAergic neuron subtype with characteristics of REM-sleep regulatory neurons
Authors: Kirjavainen Anna , Singh Parul , Lahti Laura , Seja Patricia , Lelkes Zoltan , Makkonen Aki , Kilpinen Sami , Ono Yuichi , Salminen Marjo , Aitta-Aho Teemu , Stenberg Tarja , Molchanova Svetlana , Achim Kaia , Partanen Juha 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The midbrain reticular formation (MRF) is a mosaic of diverse GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons that have been associated with a variety of functions, including sleep regulation. However, the molecular characteristics and development of MRF neurons are poorly understood. As the transcription factor, Gata2 is required for the development of all GABAergic neurons derived from the embryonic mouse midbrain, we hypothesized that the genes expressed downstream of Gata2 could contribute to the diversification of GABAergic neuron subtypes in this brain region. Here, we show that Gata2 is required for the expression of several GABAergic lineage-specific transcription factors, including Nkx2-2 and Skor2, which are co-expressed in a restricted group of post-mitotic GABAergic precursors in the MRF. Both Gata2 and Nkx2-2 function is required for Skor2 expression in GABAergic precursors. In the adult mouse and rat midbrain, Nkx2-2-and Skor2-expressing GABAergic neurons locate at the boundary of the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray and the MRF, an area containing REM-off neurons regulating REM sleep. In addition to the characteristic localization, Skor2+ cells increase their activity upon REM-sleep inhibition, send projections to the dorsolateral pons, a region associated with sleep control, and are responsive to orexins, consistent with the known properties of midbrain REM-off neurons.
Clinical application of deep learning and radiomics in hepatic disease imaging: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Wang Lingyun , Zhang Lu , Jiang Beibei , Zhao Keke , Zhang Yaping , Xie Xueqian 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to play a pivotal role in hepatic imaging. This systematic scoping review summarizes the latest progress of AI in evaluating hepatic diseases based on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Methods:
We searched PubMed and Web of Science for publications, using terms related to deep learning, radiomics, imaging methods (CT or MR), and the liver. Two reviewers independently selected articles and extracted data from each eligible article. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-AI (QUADAS-AI) tool was used to assess the risk of bias and concerns regarding applicability.

Results:
The screening identified 45 high-quality publications from 235 candidates, including 8 on diffuse liver diseases and 37 on focal liver lesions. Nine studies used deep learning and 36 studies used radiomics. All 45 studies were rated as low risk of bias in patient selection and workflow, but 36 (80%) were rated as high risk of bias in the index test because they lacked external validation. In terms of concerns regarding applicability, all 45 studies were rated as low concerns. These studies demonstrated that deep learning and radiomics can evaluate liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and a series of complications caused by cirrhosis, predict the prognosis of malignant hepatic tumors, and differentiate focal hepatic lesions.

Conclusions:
The latest studies have shown that deep learning and radiomics based on hepatic CT and MR imaging have potential application value in the diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and prognosis prediction of common liver diseases. The AI methods may become useful tools to support clinical decision-making in the future.

Advances in knowledge:
Deep learning and radiomics have shown their potential in the diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and prognosis prediction of a series of common diffuse liver diseases and focal liver lesions.
A scoping review protocol to map the evidence on the risks and benefits of population based diabetic foot screening
Authors: Pallin Jennifer A. , McIntosh Caroline , Kavanagh Paul , Dinneen Sean F. , Kearney Patricia M. , Buckley Claire M. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most common lower extremity complications of diabetes, with the lifetime risk of a person developing a DFU estimated to be as high as 34%. It is recommended that those with diabetes receive an annual review of their feet, by a trained healthcare professional, to identify risk factors for ulceration and allow for subsequent risk stratification, patient education and provision of appropriate care to prevent ulceration and amputation. Internationally, while many countries have a diabetic foot care pathway, it is not a structured population health screening programme unlike other areas of preventive care for people with diabetes such as retinopathy screening. A structured diabetic foot screening pathway could allow for earlier identification of the at-risk foot. However, the introduction of any population screening programme should meet the Wilson and Jungner principles of screening. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review of existing evidence on screening for the at-risk-foot against the Wilson and Junger principles. Methods: The scoping review will be conducted in line with the six-stage methodological framework by Arksey & O’Mally and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. Medline (EBSCO), Scopus, ScienceDirect and EMBASE databases will be searched. Studies relating to the burden of diabetic foot ulcers, their pathophysiology and screening tests for peripheral neuropathy and peripheral artery disease, and screening programmes will be included. A data extraction tool will be used to facilitate a chronological narrative synthesis of results. Results: These will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Conclusion: This scoping review will evaluate and map the evidence surrounding diabetic foot ulcers using the Wilson and Jungner principles of screening as a framework.
Pilot Study: Increasing Medical Student Comfort in Transgender Gynecology
Authors: Wright Danielle , Campedelli Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to use survey data to better understand medical students’ comfort in taking care of transgender patients and to determine whether this is an area that needs to be expanded upon in their curriculum. Methods: Eight pre-clerkship medical students participated in a virtual two-week course about gynecologic transgender care which included a mix of self-paced learning combined with two days of interactive faculty-led sessions. Students were asked to complete a pre and post course survey evaluating their comfort in caring for transgender individuals. Results: We had an 100% response rate to our pre and post course survey. Students’ knowledge about the gynecologic needs of transgender individuals significantly improved after taking the course with the average student rating before and after the course being 2.38 ± 0.74 (p<0.05) and 4.25 ± 0.46 (p<0.05), respectively. In addition, 100% of students “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that this course built their confidence in taking care of transgender patients in the clinical setting. Conclusions: This study highlights a potential gap in medical education while also emphasizing that knowledge on this special population can enhance physician confidence when caring for transgender individuals.
Do Employees Work Less for Female Leaders? A Multi-Method Study of Entrepreneurial Firms
Authors: Kacperczyk Olenka , Younkin Peter , Rocha Vera 
Published: July 2022

We propose that female-founded ventures receive a lower amount of employee labor for equal pay because employees are more likely to decline requests for additional labor by female founders. First, using longitudinal matched employer-employee data covering all founders of new ventures with personnel in Portugal between 2002 and 2012, we confirm that full-time employees contribute fewer regular hours and less overtime work to female-founded firms. Second, using a series of online experiments, we show that this variation in employee labor across female and male-founded firms is partly motivated by a difference in the employee’s expectations of work demands. Specifically, employees perceive female founders’ requests for additional labor to be unfair and more difficult than expected, and both these perceptions explain the lower amount of employee labor supplied in female-founded ventures. Overall, our findings uncover a novel mechanism that helps explain the existence of a gender gap in entrepreneurship beyond the entry stage. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1611 .
Consumers' Consciousness for Sustainable Consumption and Their Perceptions of Wooden Building Product Quality
Authors: Harju Charlotta , Lähtinen Katja 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Wood products are seen globally as an important solution to substitute nonrenewable materials in the construction sector to enhance the life cycle sustainability of buildings. Globally, the most prominent opportunities for sustainability change in housing production lie in multistory residential buildings, which are built mainly of concrete, steel, and bricks. The possibilities of achieving multiple benefits from the use of wood in multistory residential buildings have gained interest among scholars, especially in the 2000s. However, the research has been dominated by views of production (especially construction processes), while scientific knowledge of consumption (especially the occupational phase of buildings) remains very limited. Information about how consumers with differing views of sustainable consumption evaluate the quality of wooden building materials particularly is scarce. This study aimed to investigate consumer perceptions of wooden building product quality and examine how the perceptions connect with consumers' consciousness for sustainable consumption (CSC). The research data were gathered in 2018 by a postal survey sent to 1,000 people living in Finland (response rate 25.6%) and analyzed with exploratory factor analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test. According to the results, respondents' views of wooden building product quality indicators can be grouped into three factors: technical advantages, environmental sustainability of materials, and social benefits at home. The strength of CSC was found to be linked with respondents' views of wooden building product quality. The results of consumers' CSC views help actors involved in the wood and construction industries better meet consumer expectations both for different aspects of sustainability and for lifestyles.
High-efficient disturbance event recognition method of ϕ-OTDR utilizing region-segmentation differential phase signals
Authors: Huang Yi , Cheng Shitong , Li Ying , Chen Xiaofeng , Dai Jingyi , Hu Chengyong , Deng Chuanlu , Pang Fufei , Zhang Xiaobei , Wang Tingyun 
Published: July 2022

We demonstrate a disturbance event recognition method based on region segmentation, which utilizes differential phase signals of a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (

ϕ

-OTDR) to recognize disturbance events efficiently. The long-haul sensing fiber is divided into subsensing regions; whereas the phase signals at the two end points of the subsensing regions are subtracted, unwrapped, and differenced to represent the disturbance information. Feature extraction and classification are performed separately on the subsensing regions datasets. The experimental results indicate that the average recognition accuracy of the region-segmentation-based event recognition method is up to 92.9%. Compared to the method without region segmentation, this proposed method improves the average recognition accuracy by 8%; whereas the recognition time of three disturbance events on a 14.8-km sensing system is only 0.39 s. The proposed method provides significant support for the development of disturbance event recognition of the

ϕ

-OTDR sensor system.
Historical overview and geographical distribution of neglected tropical diseases amenable to preventive chemotherapy in the Republic of the Congo: A systematic review
Authors: Ngatse Joseph A. , Ndziessi Gilbert , Missamou François , Kinouani Rodrigue , Hemilembolo Marlhand , Pion Sébastien D. , Bork Kirsten A. , Abena Ange A. , Boussinesq Michel , Chesnais Cédric B. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Neglected Tropical Diseases amenable to Preventive Chemotherapy (PC-NTDs) affect the poorest populations around the world, especially in Africa. Scientific information on the distribution and level of endemicity of these diseases in the Republic of the Congo (RoC) is scarce in the published literature. We sought to collect all available epidemiological data on PC-NTDs in the RoC to document the historical and current situation and identify challenges in reaching the elimination of NTDs.

Methods
We searched Medline and Horizon databases for studies published until to July 4th, 2019, on onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminth infections, schistosomiasis, and trachoma in the RoC. Unpublished reports were also reviewed. We included all epidemiological studies containing community data and excluded case reports. Location, prevalence data, and dates of the studies were extracted.

Principal findings
We identified 933 records, of which 56 met the inclusion criteria. The articles published before 1960 mainly concerned onchocerciasis and schistosomiasis. Despite a low number over the studied period, since 2005 there has been a steady increase in the number of publications. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and conducted in the general population. Trachoma is endemic in the Sangha and Likouala departments (prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular > 5% in some villages), and further mapping is essential to properly assess the burden of this disease in the country. While the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths is still high (over 20%) in a large part of Congo, cases of lymphatic filariasis (based on Wuchereria bancrofti antigenaemia and/or microfilaraemia) and onchocerciasis are becoming rare and very focused. To achieve the elimination of PC-NTDs, further intervention is required.

Conclusions
Except for trachoma, whose epidemiological situation should be better evaluated, PC-NTDs are endemic in the RoC, and actions to control them have been taken by health authorities. To eliminate PC-NTDs, which are still present in some locations, new mapping surveys are needed, and increased investment in scientific research should be encouraged in the country.