bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical simulation of the vibration treatment of parts in a liquefied abrasive working medium
Authors: Kundrák Janos , Morgan Michael , Mitsyk Andrii Volodymyrovych , Fedorovich Vladimir Alekseevich , Grabchenko Anatoliy Ivanovich 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe hydromechanics of the fluidized bed of the processing medium is presented; the conditions for its formation, stability, and the limits of existence are given. The stochasticity of a two-phase hydromechanical process in a fluidized bed has been determined. The boundary conditions on the surface of a spherical processed part and the vibrating machine reservoir surface are considered. It was found that the velocity of granules during collision with the surface of the part, in addition to the chaotic component, has a normal and tangential component. It is established that the amplitude of oscillations of one of the components of the tangential velocity of the part is twice the amplitude of its normal component. The other component of the tangential velocity of the granule at the surface of the part is ten times less than the other components of the velocity. The equations for the dynamics of a fluidized medium are compiled taking into account the nature of the flow around of the part at low Reynolds numbers. The fields of fluid flow near the part are found, and the mechanism of its flow is established. The dynamics of the movement of abrasive granules in a fluidized medium, under the action of the movement of the part, is presented. The dependences of metal removal during vibration treatment of a rotating and oscillating part in a fluidized medium of abrasive granules are obtained. It is shown that metal removal from the processed part depends on the rotation frequency of the part and vibration exciter. It is noted that the presence of granule velocity components at the surface of the part makes it possible to control the processes of work hardening and micro-cutting.
Multidimensional Byzantine agreement in a synchronous setting
Authors: Flamini Andrea , Longo Riccardo , Meneghetti Alessio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present the Multidimensional Byzantine Agreement (MBA) Protocol, a leaderless Byzantine agreement protocol defined for complete and synchronous networks that allows a network of nodes to reach consensus on a vector of relevant information regarding a set of observed events. The consensus process is carried out in parallel on each component, and the output is a vector whose components are either values with wide agreement in the network (even if no individual node agrees on every value) or a special value $$\bot $$
⊥
that signals irreconcilable disagreement. The MBA Protocol is probabilistic and its execution halts with probability 1, and the number of steps necessary to halt follows a Bernoulli-like distribution. The design combines a Multidimensional Graded Consensus and a Multidimensional Binary Byzantine Agreement, the generalization to the multidimensional case of two protocols presented by Micali et al. (SIAM J Comput 26(4):873–933, 1997; Byzantine agreement, made trivial, 2016). We prove the correctness and security of the protocol assuming a synchronous network where less than a third of the nodes are malicious.
Predictive factors of biliary complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgeries
Authors: Rashdan Mohammad , Al-Mollah Mustafa , Salameh Mohammad , Hassouneh Ala , Al-Qaisi Mohammad , Sulaiman Abdallah , Al-Jundi Nadeem , Al-Farhood Assaf , Al-Bahadili Neaam , Al-Taher Raed 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Previous studies have confirmed the association between biliary disease and bariatric operations. Biliary complications may include cholecystitis, biliary pancreatitis, cholangitis, biliary polyps, biliary sludge and gallstones. It is believed that cholelithiasis is the result of increased biliary stasis due to alterations in the enterohepatic circulation and hormonal changes associated with weight loss. However, research regarding predictive factors other than the percentage of excess weight loss (EWL) is limited. In addition, preventive measures of gallstone formation and potential related complications are still debated.

Aim:
The goal of this article is to assess the predictive factors of biliary complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in order to review the possible need for future surveillance via radiological studies.

Method:
ology: A retrospective review of 118 patients who underwent LSG and LRYGB between 2015 and 2016 in Jordan University Hospital (single centre) was performed in order to complete this cohort study. Patients with previous cholecystectomies or biliary disease prior to bariatric operations were excluded from the study. Utilizing the hospital's electronic records system, patients were contacted by telephone and were asked a series of questions listed in a custom-made questionnaire.

Results:
Mean age ± SD was 34.9 ± 12.0 years old (68.64% Females). Eleven patients (9.32%) underwent LRYGB, 100 patients underwent LSG and seven patients underwent both, with a preoperative mean body mass index (BMI) ± SD of 45.2 ± 6.3. 29 patients (24.58%) developed postoperative biliary complications. The main biliary complications were as follows: biliary pancreatitis (0.85%), biliary polyps (0.85%), biliary sludge (0.85%), cholecystitis/gallstones (22.03%).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, it was found that approximately 24.58% of patients have post-operative late biliary complications. Of these patients, predictive factors other than EWL were not significant enough to recommend prophylactic screening via radiological studies.

Highlights
An explicit Dobrushin uniqueness region for Gibbs point processes with repulsive interactions
Authors: Houdebert Pierre , Zass Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present a uniqueness result for Gibbs point processes with interactions that come from a non-negative pair potential; in particular, we provide an explicit uniqueness region in terms of activity z and inverse temperature
$\beta$
. The technique used relies on applying to the continuous setting the classical Dobrushin criterion. We also present a comparison to the two other uniqueness methods of cluster expansion and disagreement percolation, which can also be applied for this type of interaction.
Integrating Palliative Care Into Self-management of Breast Cancer
Authors: Schulman-Green Dena , Linsky Sarah , Jeon Sangchoon , Holland Margaret L. , Kapo Jennifer , Blatt Leslie , Adams Catherine , Chagpar Anees B. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Breast cancer patients may not be well-informed about palliative care, hindering its integration into cancer self-management.

Objective
The aim of this study was to test Managing Cancer Care: A Personal Guide (MCC-PT), an intervention to improve palliative care literacy and cancer self-management.

Methods
This was a single-blind pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility/acceptability and intervention effects of MCC-PT on palliative care literacy, self-management behaviors/emotions, and moderation by demographic/clinical characteristics. We enrolled 71 stages I to IV breast cancer patients aged at least 21 years, with >6-month prognosis at an academic cancer center. Patients were randomized to MCC-PT (n = 32) versus symptom management education as attention-control (n = 39). At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, participants completed the Knowledge of Care Options Test (primary outcome), Control Preferences Scale, Goals of Care Form, Medical Communication Competence Scale, Measurement of Transitions in Cancer Scale, Chronic Disease Self-efficacy Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale.

Results
Mean participant age was 51.5 years (range, 28–74 years); 53.5% were racial/ethnic minority patients, and 40.8% had stage III/IV cancer. After adjusting for race/ethnicity, MCC-PT users improved their palliative care literacy with a large effect size (partial η
2 = 0.13). Patients at late stage of disease showed increased self-management (partial η
2 = 0.05) and reduced anxiety (partial η
2 = 0.05) and depression (partial η
2 = 0.07) with medium effect sizes.

Conclusions

Managing Cancer Care: A Personal Guide is feasible and appears most effective in late-stage cancer. Research is needed to elucidate relationships among cancer stage, race/ethnicity, and self-management outcomes.

Implications for Practice
Integration of palliative care into cancer care can assist in creation of appropriate self-management plans and improve emotional outcomes.
DigiYatra – a digital experience for air travelers
Authors: Heggde Githa , Khanka Sheetal , Damodaran Akhil 
Published: March 2022

Learning outcomes
Students will learn technology strategies specific to airports. Students will understand the reason for the success of Bengaluru International Airport. Students will learn to apply management models in airport settings. Students will improve their understanding of airport business, airport-related technologies, specifically in the Indian settings.

Case overview/Synopsis
DigiYatra is a revolutionary initiative by the Government of India to digitalize all the airports in India, making your face your boarding pass. Bengaluru International Airport Limited (BIAL) is at the forefront of this initiative. As one of the early public–private partnership airports, BIAL has seen many challenges over time but could succeed in all its endeavour. The case discusses the journey of DigiYatra, which BIAL has taken through the eyes of the Chairman, Hari Marar. The case goes through several layers like initial planning, creating the team, implementation challenges, technology strategy adopted and how they tackled Covid lockdown challenges to complete the project's initial phase.

Complexity academic level
Post graduate students.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Emergency department utilisation by patients with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder: An acute response to a chronic disorder
Authors: Broadbear Jillian H , Rotella Joe‐Anthony , Lorenze Donna , Rao Sathya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are likely to attend the ED while experiencing crises and associated self‐injury and suicidality. Our study describes the prevalence, features, and outcomes associated with ED presentations by patients diagnosed with BPD in Outer Eastern Melbourne, Australia.MethodsA retrospective electronic audit of 157 364 ED attendances identified 700 unique BPD‐related ED presentations between May 2015 and April 2016. For the purpose of comparison, 583 (81% female) of these 700 cases were matched with ‘depression only’ cases. ED re‐presentation data were also extracted.ResultsThe 583 matched BPD patients attended ED a total of 2807 times during the audit year compared with 1092 attendances for matched depression‐only patients. BPD patients were more likely to: arrive by ambulance (50%); have comorbid substance abuse (44%); have a psychotic (15%) or bipolar disorder (17%); be under the care of a psychiatrist (31%); be case‐managed (42%); and be admitted to an inpatient unit (21%). ED doctors saw 38% of BPD or depression patients within the recommended time according to their triage category. The majority (73%) of BPD patients attended ED more than once during the audit year (average 4.81 ± 6.63 times; range 2–78).ConclusionRepeated ED attendance of a subset of patients diagnosed with BPD highlights both the severity of their presentation and the inadequacy of community mental health services for meeting their complex needs. Development of effective ED referral pathways with follow‐up to engage patients in BPD‐appropriate treatment will reduce the likelihood of crises and reliance on hospital EDs for acute episodic care.
Basic cancer immunology for radiation oncologists
Authors: Sia Joseph , Neeson Paul J , Haynes Nicole M 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAlthough the impressive clinical responses seen with modern cancer immunotherapy are currently limited to a subset of patients, the underlying paradigm shift has resulted in now hardly a segment in oncology that has not been touched by the immuno‐oncology revolution. A growing body of data indicates that radiation therapy (RT) can modulate the tumour immune microenvironment and complement cancer immunotherapy via non‐overlapping mechanisms to reinvigorate immunity against cancer. Thus, increasingly RT is viewed as a highly unique partner for immunotherapy across the spectrum of cancer settings, as radiobiology and cancer immunology foreseeably become more intertwined. Considering these developments, this review summarises the key concepts and terminology in immunology for the radiation oncologist, with a focus on the cancer setting and with reference to important recent advances. These concepts will provide a starting point for understanding the strategies that underlie current and emerging immunotherapy trials, as well as the indirect effects of RT by which immune responses against cancer are shaped.
The role of intra‐operative void score during transurethral resection of prostate as a marker of efficacy: a feasibility study
Authors: Robinson Christian , Hepburn Alastair , Turner Robin M. , Zarrabi Amir D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the feasibility of a novel intra‐operative void scoring technique. To determine if intra‐operative void score (VS) could act as a marker for post‐operative success following TURP.MethodsFifteen patients undergoing TURP were included in this single‐centre feasibility study. All patients had indwelling urinary catheters for recurrent retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In theatre, immediately before‐ and after TURP, an intra‐operative VS was measured and graded 0–5. Primary outcomes were the feasibility of measuring intra‐operative VS and its accuracy in predicting surgical outcome.ResultsA combined pre‐ and post‐score with a threshold ≥6 correctly predicted 82% of those who were catheter free (sensitivity) and 100% of those who were not catheter free (specificity) at follow up and the positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value 60%.ConclusionIntra‐operative void score during TURP is simple, reproducible, fast and requires minimal resources. In TURP it may predict successful outcomes by identifying patients who will be catheter free post‐operatively as opposed to those who will be catheter dependent despite the procedure.
Effect of enteral immunonutrition compared with enteral nutrition on surgical wound infection, immune and inflammatory factors, serum proteins, and cellular immunity in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Fu Houfeng , Li Bing , Liang Zhenxiong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the effect of enteral immunonutrition compared with enteral nutrition on surgical wound infection, immune and inflammatory factors, serum proteins, and cellular immunity in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy. A systematic literature search up to November 2021 was done, and 10 studies included 1056 subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy at the start of the study: 505 of them were provided with enteral immunonutrition, and 551 were enteral nutrition. They were reporting relationships about the effect of enteral immunonutrition compared with enteral nutrition on surgical wound infection, immune and inflammatory factors, serum proteins, and cellular immunity in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effect of enteral immunonutrition compared with enteral nutrition on surgical wound infection, immune and inflammatory factors, serum proteins, and cellular immunity in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy using the dichotomous or contentious method with a random or fixed‐effect model. Enteral immunonutrition had no significant difference in the surgical wound infection (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.50‐1.19, P = .24), the infectious complication (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, .48‐1.09, P = .13), the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (MD, ‐0.50; 95% CI, −1.40 to 0.39, P = .27), the CD8+ level (MD, 1.34; 95% CI, 0‐2.68, P = .05), the CD4+ level (MD, 1.21; 95% CI, −7.65 to 10.07, P = .79), the CD4‐CD8+ (MD, 0.55; 95% CI, 0‐1.10, P = .05), the lymphocyte (MD, −0.77; 95% CI, −1.87 to 0.33, P = .17), and the transferrin (MD, 0.03; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.08, P = .14) compared with enteral nutrition in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy. However, enteral immunonutrition had significantly higher proalbumin (MD, 22.15; 95% CI, 3.57‐40.72, P = .02), IgM (MD, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.43‐0.50, P < .001), and IgG (MD, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.08‐2.89, P < .001) compared with enteral nutrition in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy. Enteral immunonutrition had no significant difference in the surgical wound infection, the infectious complication, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the CD8+ level, the CD4+ level, the CD4+/CD8+, the lymphocyte, and the transferrin, and had significantly higher proalbumin, IgM, and IgG compared with enteral nutrition in subjects with gastric cancer undergoing a total gastrectomy. Further studies are required to validate these findings or to affect the confidence level.
Clinical benefit of combined assessment of physical and psychological frailty in patients with heart failure
Authors: Iwatsu Kotaro , Adachi Takuji , Kamisaka Kenta , Kamiya Kuniyasu , Iida Yuki , Yamada Sumio ,   the FLAGSHIP collabolators
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesPhysical frailty becomes a robust risk factor in patients with heart failure (HF) and coexistence of physical and psychological frailty is likely to be a prognostic indicator. This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of coexistence of these two factors in patients with HF.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study (FLAGSHIP). We analyzed data from 2502 patients with HF from the FLAGSHIP study in Japan. We divided the patients into four physical frailty categories using a frailty score ranging from 0 to 14 (<4: I, 4–8: II, 9–12: III, and 14: IV, the score 13 does not exist in calculation). The higher category indicates more severe physical frailty. Psychological frailty was defined as the presence of cognitive decline and/or depressive symptoms. The study outcome was a 2‐year composite outcome of rehospitalization for HF or all‐cause mortality after hospital discharge.ResultsDuring the 3734.7 person‐year follow‐up, 774 patients experienced the composite outcome. After adjusting for confounders, physical and psychological frailty were independently associated with adverse outcomes. Using physical frailty category I, without psychological frailty as the reference, adjusted hazard ratios for adverse outcomes were 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86–1.92] for category I with psychological frailty, 0.99 (95% CI 0.71–1.37) for category II without psychological frailty, 1.61 (95% CI 1.16–2.23) for category II with psychological frailty, 1.56 (95% CI 1.14–2.15) for category III without psychological frailty, 1.62 (95% CI 1.20–2.20) for category III with psychological frailty, 1.50 (95% CI 1.05–2.14) for category IV without psychological frailty, and 2.16 (95% CI 1.59–2.94) for category IV with psychological frailty, respectively.ConclusionsCombined assessment of physical and psychological frailty leads to more detailed risk stratification of patients with HF.
Improvement in thermoregulation outcomes following the implementation of a thermoregulation bundle for preterm infants
Authors: Singh Tarun S , Skelton Hannah , Baird Jane , Padernia Ann‐Maree , Maheshwari Rajesh , Shah Dharmesh M , D'Cruz Daphne , Luig Melissa , Jani Pranav 
Published: March 2022

AimHypothermia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. A local audit revealed 60% preterm infants ≤32 weeks gestation and/or very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (<1500 g) had an abnormal body temperature at admission. This study compares thermoregulatory outcomes before and after the implementation of a thermoregulation bundle in the birthing environment.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study reviewed thermoregulatory data for all inborn preterm (≤32 weeks) and/or VLBW infants for a period of 30 months before (Group 1: 1st January 2013 to 30 June 2015) and after changes to thermoregulation practice (Group 2: 1st July 2015 to 31 December 2017). The key practice changes included: improved anticipation and staff preparedness, wrapping infant in a polyethylene sheet, using a polyethylene lined bonnet, using servo‐control mode at birth and during transport.ResultsThere were 282 and 286 infants in group 1 and group 2 respectively, with similar baseline characteristics. A clinically and statistically significant improvement was observed in the proportion of infants with normothermia (33% in group 1 to 60% in group 2, P < 0.0001) including the sub‐group of extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestation) infants (38 to 60%, P = 0.0083). A higher mean admission temperature was observed for group 2 (36.10°C ± 0.78 in group 1 vs 36.52°C ± 0.61 in group 2, P < 0.0001). Moderate hypothermia was reduced by two‐thirds in group 2 (41–12%, P = <0.0001).ConclusionsThe introduction of a thermoregulation bundle improved admission temperature, improved the proportion of normothermia and reduced moderate hypothermia in preterm infants.
Bentham as a Theorist of the Rule of Law and His Idea of Universal Interest
Authors: Kaino Michihiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractI will focus on three chapters of Professor Gerald Postema’s book Utility, Publicity, and Law: Essays on Bentham’s Moral and Legal Philosophy (2019). In these chapters, Postema offered new and compelling interpretations of Bentham’s work, such as his notion that Bentham was a theorist of the rule of law. However, it is difficult to assume that the majority would exercise moral sanctions and control legislators when the interests of the minority are violated by some legislation. Relating to this, I will argue that Bentham was a precursor to the modern theorists who tried to design some architecture for democracy.
Friend support buffers the relationship between maltreatment and nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescence
Authors: Liu Jinmeng , Liu Xia , Wang Hui , Gao Yemiao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrior studies have mostly focused on the risk factors for nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI), but only a few studies have emphasized the related protective factors. The present study examined whether maltreatment and behavioral problems were risk factors for NSSI. Moreover, we also sought to understand whether and how friend support provides a buffer against NSSI.MethodA total of 436 adolescents completed self‐report surveys that addressed maltreatment, behavioral problems, friend support, and NSSI at three different time points.ResultsThere were significant positive correlations between maltreatment and NSSI. In the mediation analyses, we found that maltreatment was indirectly associated with NSSI via behavioral problems. Friend support demonstrated a long‐term buffering effect on NSSI. Specifically, friend support had a protective effect on NSSI not only under high maltreatment levels, but also under high behavioral problem levels.ConclusionThese findings contribute to the understanding of the influences of both maltreatment, behavioral problems (risk factors), and friend support (protective factors) on NSSI. In the context of intervention and education, it is important to consider the value of friend support when discussing NSSI.