bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional prediction between weight status and executive function in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: Likhitweerawong Narueporn , Louthrenoo Orawan , Boonchooduang Nonglak , Tangwijitsakul Hathaipohn , Srisurapanont Manit 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThis study examined the predictability of child weight status on executive function (EF) and vice versa. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE for longitudinal studies conducted in children and adolescents on October 31, 2021. A pairwise meta‐analysis was performed using a frequentist random‐effects approach. The quality of all included studies was evaluated using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and GRADE assessments. This study included 18 longitudinal studies (N = 30,101). Overall executive functioning was a significant negative predictor of child weight status (pooled beta coefficient = −0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.22 to −0.07]; I2 = 97%). The pooled odds ratio also revealed that high EF children had a significant lower risk for developing overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% CI [0.59 to 0.87]; I2 = 72%). Conversely, child weight status was a significant negative predictor of overall executive functioning (pooled beta coefficient = −0.06; 95% CI [−0.12 to −0.01]; I2 = 81%). These results suggest a bidirectional prediction between child weight status and EF. These predictabilities are low but potentially beneficial for implementation in childcare systems.
Study on the expression and function of chordin‐like 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Han Ying , Xia Lu , Wang Xiaomeng , Xiong Haofeng , Zeng Liujun , Wang Zijia , Zhang Tianyi , Xia Kun , Hu Xin , Su Tong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the role and related mechanism of chordin‐like 1 (CHRDL1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThe expressions of CHRDL1 were analyzed in both mRNA and protein levels by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization in OSCC. Survival analysis was used to determine the relationship between CHRDL1 and prognosis. In addition, enrichment analysis was used to suggest signal pathways involved in CHRDL1. Besides, the relationships between CHRDL1 and miRNAs, hypoxia, and immune infiltration were explored.ResultsThe mRNA level of CHRDL1 in OSCC was significantly lower than that in normal tissues, while the protein level was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The high mRNA levels of CHRDL1 suggested a poor prognosis in patients with OSCC. The enrichment results showed that CHRDL1 might be involved in the Calcium signaling pathway, dilated cardiomyopathy, and focal adhesion. 7 immune cells were positively correlated with CHRDL1, while Tgd was negatively correlated with CHRDL1. In addition, we also found that hsa‐miR‐455‐3p directly targeted CHRDL1 and reduced the mRNA levels of CHRDL1.ConclusionCHRDL1 plays a vital role in promoting cancer in OSCC and is down‐regulated at the mRNA levels by hsa‐miR‐455‐3p.
Bibliometric analysis of the 50 most cited publications in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Thompson Alyssa M. , Seivright Justine , Hsiao Jennifer L. , Shi Vivian Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) affects up to 20% of children worldwide. We identified the top 50 cited AD articles in the last seven decades and examined their characteristics. The majority were discussing the pathogenesis of AD and have paved the way for discovering targeted immunomodulatory treatments. A lack of geographic diversity was noted, thus encouraging more countries to be involved in AD research can further progress the future of AD management.
Pre‐existing Ab against vimentin leads to false‐positive HLA Ab results in two pediatric heart transplant candidates
Authors: Bansal Sandhya , Franz Brian J. , Land Geoffrey , Mohanakumar Thalachallour , Zangwill Steven 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHLA Ab analysis is carried out as a routine assay both pre‐ and post‐heart transplantation to identify Abs directed against HLA with a focus post‐transplant on those Abs that are donor‐specific. While virtual crossmatching has decreased the requirement for prospective crossmatching in many cases, the management of highly sensitized children on the heart transplant waitlist remains challenging and can delay the ability to successfully identify a suitable organ.MethodsThis report describes the histocompatibility assessment and management of identical twin boys with familial restrictive cardiomyopathy serially listed for transplant. The boys presented with HLA Ab testing that demonstrated broad pan‐DR reactivity which included Abs directed against SAgs.ResultsOur team began investigating the initial Ab results soon after listing the first child; the brother was listed 8 days later and had the same broad Ab profile. The clinical lab ran multiple investigative crossmatches using donor samples with known antigen typing and continued to see broad reactivity. We then partnered with an affiliated research lab where we identified high‐level Abs directed against vimentin along with vimentin‐positive exosomes in both boys.ConclusionsWhile Abs directed against the self‐antigen vimentin has been described to cause false‐positive tissue crossmatches, this is the first report of these Abs being associated with false‐positive Ab screens using solid‐phase assays. This finding informed our management and surveillance in these two vulnerable pediatric heart transplant candidates.
Experiences of women with physical disabilities accessing prenatal care in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Kazembe Abigail , Simwaka Andrew , Dougherty Kylie , Petross Chisomo , Kafulafula Ursula , Chakhame Bertha , Chodzaza Elizabeth , Chisuse Isabella , Kamanga Martha , Sun Carolyn , George Maureen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionWomen with physical disabilities experience barriers to accessing patient‐centered and accommodative care during the prenatal and childbirth periods. While there is a growing body of work in high‐income countries to address these needs, there is little research detailing specific challenges in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) where a woman's’ burden— and need—is greatest.MethodsWe conducted an integrative review to synthesize the experiences of women with physical disabilities accessing prenatal care and childbirth services in LMICs. Five databases were searched for systematic reviews, retrospective cohort studies, cross‐sectional studies, narrative literature reviews, as well as other evidence types. We used Ediom's EvidenceEngine™, a machine‐assisted search engine that uses artificial intelligence to conduct this search using pertinent keywords to identify original research published between January 2009 ‐ September 2018. These results were augmented by hand searching of reference lists. Forty articles were identified using this method and 11 retained after duplicates were removed and inclusion and exclusion criteria applied.ResultsFour types of experiences are described in these 11 studies: (1) limited physical and material resources; (2) health care worker knowledge, attitudes, and skills; (3) pregnant people's knowledge; and (4) public stigma and ignorance.DiscussionPeople with physical disabilities face specific challenges during pregnancy and childbirth. Importantly, these findings offer targets for enhanced clinical training for nurses, midwives, traditional birth attendants and public health workers, as well as opportunities for the improved delivery of prenatal care and childbirth services to these vulnerable women.
Physical properties and biological effects of ceramic materials emitting infrared radiation for pain, muscular activity, and musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: Kyselovic Jan , Masarik Jozef , Kechemir Hayet , Koscova Eva , Turudic Iva Igracki , Hamblin Michael Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundUp to 33% of the general population worldwide suffer musculoskeletal conditions, with low back pain being the single leading cause of disability globally. Multimodal therapeutic options are available to relieve the pain associated with muscular disorders, including physical, complementary, and pharmacological therapies. However, existing interventions are not disease modifying and have several limitations.MethodLiterature review.ResultsIn this context, the use of nonthermal infrared light delivered via patches, fabrics, and garments containing infrared‐emitting bioceramic minerals have been investigated. Positive effects on muscular cells, muscular recovery, and reduced inflammation and pain have been reported both in preclinical and clinical studies. There are several hypotheses on how infrared may contribute to musculoskeletal pain relief, however, the full mechanism of action remains unclear. This article provides an overview of the physical characteristics of infrared radiation and its biological effects, focusing on those that could potentially explain the mechanism of action responsible for the relief of musculoskeletal pain.ConclusionsBased on the current evidence, the following pathways have been considered: upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, increase in nitric oxide bioavailability, anti‐inflammatory effects, and reduction in oxidative stress.
Effect of obstructive sleep apnoea on coronary collateral vessel development in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Xiao , Fan Jingyao , Guo Ruifeng , Hao Wen , Gong Wei , Fan Zeyuan , Nie Shaoping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveThe impact of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in the setting of acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is complex and divergent. This study aimed to investigate the association between OSA and coronary collateral vessel (CCV) development in patients with STEMI.MethodsThe present study prospectively screened 282 STEMI patients with an overnight sleep study. OSA was defined as apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥15 events/h. The coronary angiograms were used for the assessment of Rentrop grades representing CCVs.ResultsAmong 119 patients enrolled, 60 patients had OSA (50.4%). The prevalence of CCV development (Rentrop grade ≥ 2) was significantly higher in OSA group than in the non‐OSA group (43.3% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001). There was a parallel increase in the Rentrop grades associated with OSA severity and worsening of hypoxaemia indicators (minimum arterial oxygen saturation [SaO2], mean SaO2 and time with SaO2 below 90%). After adjustment for clinical and angiographic characteristics, and pre‐procedure medications that might interact with OSA, AHI as a continuous variable (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08–1.21, p < 0.001) and the presence of OSA (OR 11.41, 95% CI 2.70–48.15, p = 0.001) were both associated with dramatically higher incidence of CCV development.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the presence of OSA might augment CCV development in STEMI patients. The potential protective effects and mechanisms of OSA in the acute setting of STEMI should be further investigated in larger studies.
Risk–risk governance in a low‐carbon future: Exploring institutional, technological, and behavioral tradeoffs in climate geoengineering pathways
Authors: Sovacool Benjamin K. , Baum Chad M. , Low Sean 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeliberations are underway to utilize increasingly radical technological options to help address climate change and stabilize the climatic system. Collectively, these options are often referred to as “climate geoengineering.” Deployment of such options, however, can create wicked tradeoffs in governance and require adaptive forms of risk management. In this study, we utilize a large and novel set of qualitative expert interview data to more deeply and systematically explore the types of risk–risk tradeoffs that may emerge from the use of 20 different climate geoengineering options, 10 that focus on carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas removal, and 10 that focus on solar radiation management and reflecting sunlight. We specifically consider: What risks does the deployment of these options entail? What types of tradeoffs may emerge through their deployment? We apply a framework that clusters risk–risk tradeoffs into institutional and governance, technological and environmental, and behavioral and temporal dimensions. In doing so, we offer a more complete inventory of risk–risk tradeoffs than those currently available within the respective risk‐assessment, energy‐systems, and climate‐change literatures, and we also point the way toward future research gaps concerning policy, deployment, and risk management.
Mechanization services, factor allocation, and farm efficiency: Evidence from China†
Authors: Huan Meili , Dong Fengxia , Chi Liang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relationship between mechanization services and farm efficiency remains a debate in agricultural production. To empirically test the effects of farmers' mechanization service use on farm efficiency, we formulate a stochastic frontier (SF) model and a mediating effect model. We apply our analysis to a survey data set with 1,385 farm‐level samples collected in 13 major maize‐producing provinces in China in 2018. To address the endogenous mechanization service adoption in the SF model, a probit model is estimated. In the mediation model, two factor allocation, including agricultural investment and crop structure, is examined. Our study shows that current labor migration encouraged the adoption of mechanization services, and larger farms were more likely to use mechanization services. Moreover, our study shows that the effect of mechanization services on farm efficiency is significantly positive and is mediated by factor allocation.
Local voters have their reasons. Mapping voting motives in local elections in Belgium
Authors: Dodeigne Jérémy , Reuchamps Min , Steyvers Kristof , Teuber Ferdinand 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVoting motives are one of the most studied but still much contested question in political science. There has been much less concern at the local level although two main tendencies can be discerned. Some consider local elections as second order political contests. Others emphasize place‐bound patterns in voting motives. Still, more research beyond those theoretical presumptions is needed to empirically determine motives for the local vote. Therefore, this paper aims to address two questions: (RQ1) Which types of motives do voters attribute to their choice in local elections? (RQ2) What explains similarities and differences in RQ1? To answer these questions, we draw on the data of the Belgian Local Elections Study 2018 in which respondents were invited to answer an open‐ended question about their voting motives for the local elections. Voting in local elections does not appear to be of second order: voters predominantly have general and specific place‐bound reasons.
A collaboration on teaching communication by text
Authors: Ward Andy , Morrison Christine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince the start of the pandemic, text‐based communication with patients has become increasingly common. Leicester Medical School introduced experiential teaching in this field in 2014 but identified a need to develop teaching on the key skills required for effective consultations.Shout 85258 offers a text messaging support service for anyone who is struggling with their mental health. They have developed an evidence‐based training programme enabling volunteers to deliver quality crisis support via the medium of text messaging.ApproachLeicester Medical School and Shout 85258 collaborated, developing a small group teaching session for delivery to second‐year medical students. The training programme and framework developed by Shout 85258 was used as the basis for a 1.5‐hour session with didactic teaching and experiential role play. It was hoped that the collaboration would raise the profile of Shout 85258 in the student body.EvaluationThe students enjoyed the mixture of didactic teaching and role play. They saw the relevance of the topic and recognised the key difficulties of text‐based consultations such as in rapport building.Tutors valued the structure of the session and the framework provided.The session raised the profile of Shout 85258 amongst students and tutors. Further evaluation is needed to measure changes in the use of the service or volunteering by students following the session.ImplicationsText‐based consultation is an increasingly important area of communication in health care.Collaborating with a charitable organisation allowed sharing of established best practice in this area and raised the profile of the charity within the student body.
Factors associated with first‐time and repeat blood donation: Adverse reactions and effects on donor behavior
Authors: Brunson Dalton C. , Belanger Geoffrey A. , Sussmann Harry , Fine Andrew M. , Pandey Suchitra , Pham Tho D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlood centers have a dual mission to protect donors and patients; donor safety is paramount to maintaining an adequate blood supply. Elucidating donor factors associated with adverse reactions (AR) is critical to this mission.Study design/methodsA retrospective cohort analysis of whole blood donors from 2003 to 2020 was conducted at a single blood center in northern California. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CIs for ARs were estimated via multivariable logistic regression on demographics, donation history, and physical examination data. Where appropriate, Wilcoxon‐Rank Sum and chi‐squared tests were used to determine significance.ResultsFirst‐time blood donors (FTD) exhibited a higher AR rate than repeat donors (4.4% vs. 1.9% p < .0001). When compared with FTDs without AR, FTDs with ARs (FT‐AR) were less likely to return (30.0% vs. 47.3%, p < .0001), and, of those who returned, had a higher rate of reaction 20.2% versus 2.8% (p < .001). Factors found to be associated with FT‐AR (younger age, increased heart rate, and higher diastolic blood pressure) still correlated positively with AR on return donation, but to a lower degree. FTD who potentially witnessed an AR had a lower return rate (44.6% vs. 47.3%, p = <.001) and donated fewer units (2.38 vs. 3.37, p < .001) when compared to FTD who did not witness an AR.ConclusionThe AR on FTD increases the AR likelihood of return donation. Longitudinal analysis shows that a time‐based deferral policy targeted at FT‐AR young donors can reduce the number of ARs while not dramatically impacting the blood supply.
Can MRI differentiate between ring‐enhancing gliomas and intra‐axial abscesses?
Authors: Carloni Andrea , Bernardini Marco , Mattei Chiara , De Magistris Angela Vittoria , Llabres‐Diaz Francisco , Williams Jonathan , Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo , Oevermann Anna , Schweizer‐Gorgas Daniela , Finck Cyrielle , Masseau Isabelle , Lorenzo Valentina , Sabatini Annalisa , Contiero Barbara , Specchi Swan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGliomas of the brain may appear as expansile ring‐enhancing masses in MRI studies, mimicking the appearance of intra‐axial abscesses. The aims of this study were to compare the MRI features of ring‐enhancing gliomas and intra‐axial brain abscesses in dogs and cats and to identify the characteristics that might help differentiate them. For this multicenter, retrospective, and observational study, the inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) a definitive diagnosis of glioma or abscess based on cytological or histopathological examination following CSF collection or surgical biopsy/necropsy, respectively; (b) MRI study performed with a high‐ or low‐field MRI scanner, including a same plane T1W pre‐ and postcontrast, a T2W and a T2 FLAIR sequence in at least one plane. If available, delayed T1W postcontrast, T2*W GE, DWI/ADC, and SWI sequences were also evaluated. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with ring‐enhancing gliomas, and 15 were diagnosed with intra‐axial abscesses. A homogenous signal on T1W (P = 0.049) and T2W (P = 0.042) sequences, a T2W (P = 0.005) or T2*W GE (P = 0.046) peripheral hypointense halo, and an even enhancing capsule (P = 0.002) were significantly associated with brain abscesses. A progressive central enhancement on delayed T1W postcontrast sequences was correlated with ring‐enhancing gliomas (P = 0.009). The combination of the following features was suggestive of brain abscess: homogeneous T1W or T2W signal intensity, a T2W or T2*W GE peripheral hypointense halo and an evenly enhancing capsule. Central progression of enhancement on delayed T1W postcontrast sequences was suggestive of glioma.
Parameter Optimization and Experimental Study on Effect of Rounding Off Edge Radius on Heat and Mass Transfer Between Gas Layers and Thermal Performance of Vortex Tube
Authors: Rafiee Seyed Ehsan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince 1933, the vortex tube (VT) has been used as a device for cooling, heating, and creating separation process (particles, hydrocarbons, energy, etc.). The VT efficiency is very relevant to the characteristics of the inside fluid flow patterns. The most important part in the VT that directs the fluid flow is the “navigator,” which has an angle and a rounded edge. In this study, the effects of change in the radius of the rounded edge (R* = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 mm) on flow patterns and thermal performance of the VT are studied experimentally. The results show that with a rounded radius variation from 0 to 2 mm, the VT cooling efficiency increases sharply (34.84%) and with a further increase, there will be a decreasing trend for the cooling efficiency (10.48%). Also, this radius affects the location of the effective cold mass fraction (CMFs related to the highest thermal performance). In addition, variations in the gas velocity (axial/swirl at two positions Z/L = 0.3, 0.7) were studied with complete details and compared with other researchers' valid reports. As the results, the maximum axial velocity near the chamber and the maximum swirl velocity drop along the tube are effective on better cooling/heating performance.
Effect of Nanofluid Flow in a Rectangular Heat Exchanger on the Performance of a Photovoltaic Panel
Authors: Rtimi Badia , Benhmidene Ali , Chaouachi Bechir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of solar panels decreases gradually with the increase of solar cell temperature. To solve the problem, various researches have been carried out. This article studies the effect of using a cooling system on the useful energy and the overall efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV) panel. First, a numerical study has been carried out to reduce the temperature of photovoltaic panels using cooling fluids. To achieve our goal, a modeling of the heat flows between the panel components and the cooling fluid was performed, and then a matlab simulation to optimize the efficiency of the PV panel was run. A heat exchanger consisting of rectangular pipes was chosen to ensure a maximum heat exchange surface with the fluid. The choice of operating conditions and geometrical parameters was made according to the cell temperature, which must be minimal. The metrological conditions are collected from the metro central corresponding to the region of Gabes located in southern Tunisia. To further enhance the performance of solar collectors, different cooling fluids were tested including nanofluids. After testing the thermal behavior of different fluids, MgO was chosen as the best operating nanofluid. Using this nanofluid, the overall power increased by 400 W m−2 compared to that obtained with water. In addition, the electrical energy of the panels increased by 12.17% compared to water.