bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis
Authors: Cavezzi Attilio , Menicagli Roberto , Troiani Emidio , Corrao Salvatore 
Published: February 2022

Background:iron and calcium dysmetabolism, with hyperferritinemia, hypoferremia, hypocalcemia and anemia have been documented in the majority of COVID-19 patients at later/worse stages. Furthermore, complementary to ACE2, both sialic acid (SA) molecules and CD147 proved relevant host receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which explains the viral attack to multiple types of cells, including erythrocytes, endothelium and neural tissue. Several authors advocated that cell ferroptosis may be the core and final cell degenerative mechanism.Methods: a literature research was performed in several scientific search engines, such as PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Chemical Abstract Service. More than 500 articles were retrieved until mid-December 2021, to highlight the available evidence about the investigated issues.Results: based on COVID-19 literature data, we have highlighted a few pathophysiological mechanisms, associated with virus-based cation dysmetabolism, multi-organ attack, mitochondria degeneration and ferroptosis. Our suggested elucidated pathological sequence is: a) spike protein subunit S1 docking with sialylated membrane glycoproteins/receptors (ACE2, CD147), and S2 subunit fusion with the lipid layer; b) cell membrane morpho-functional changes due to the consequent electro-chemical variations and viroporin action, which induce an altered ion channel function and intracellular cation accumulation; c) additional intracellular iron concentration due to a deregulated hepcidin-ferroportin axis, with higher hepcidin levels. Viral invasion may also affect erythrocytes/erythroid precursors, endothelial cells and macrophages, through SA and CD147 receptors, with relative hemoglobin and iron/calcium dysmetabolism. AB0 blood group, hemochromatosis, or environmental elements may represent possible factors which affect individual susceptibility to COVID-19. Conclusions: our literature analysis confirms the combined role of SA molecules, ACE2, CD147, viroporins and hepcidin in determining the cation dysmetabolism and final ferroptosis in the cells infected by SARS-CoV-2. The altered ion channels and electrochemical gradients of the cell membrane have a pivotal role in the virus entry and cell dysmetabolism, with subsequent multi-organ immune-inflammatory degeneration and erythrocyte/hemoglobin alterations.
Automated phenol-chloroform extraction of high molecular weight genomic DNA for use in long-read single-molecule sequencing
Authors: Liu Andrew W. , Villar-Briones Alejandro , Luscombe Nicholas M. , Plessy Charles 
Published: February 2022

Background: Automation has increasingly become more commonplace in the research laboratory workspace. The introduction of articulated robotic arms allows the researcher more flexibility in the tasks a single piece of automated machinery can perform. We set out to incorporate automation in processing of genomic DNA organic extractions to increase throughput and limit researchers to the exposure of organic solvents. Methods: In order to automate the genome sequencing pipeline in our laboratory, we programmed a dual-arm anthropomorphic robot, the Robotic Biology Institute's Maholo LabDroid, to perform organic solvent-based genomic DNA extraction from cell lysates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that automation of phenol-chloroform extraction has been reported. Results: We achieved routine extraction of high molecular weight genomic DNA (>100 kb) from diverse biological samples including algae cultured in sea water, bacteria, whole insects, and human cell lines. The results of pulse-field electrophoresis size analysis and the N50 sequencing metrics of reads obtained from Nanopore MinION runs verified the presence of intact DNA suitable for direct sequencing. Conclusions: We present the workflow that can be used to program similar robots and discuss the problems and solutions we encountered in developing the workflow. The protocol can be adapted to analogous methods such as RNA extraction, and there is ongoing work to incorporate further post-extraction steps such as library construction. This work shows the potential for automated robotic workflows to free molecular biological researchers from manual interventions in routine experimental work. A time-lapse movie of the entire automated run is included in this report.
An observational analysis of risk factors associated with symptomatic third molar teeth
Authors: Bruce Douglas , Dudding Tom , Gormley Mark , Richmond Rebecca C , Haworth Simon 
Published: February 2022

Background: Third molar teeth (wisdom teeth) are a common cause of pain and infection in young adults. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of symptomatic third molar teeth and identify factors which predispose to third molar symptoms in a birth cohort. Methods: An observational study was undertaken nested in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a birth cohort based in south west England. The main outcomes were self-reported third molar pain, swelling and treatment for third molar problems, taken from questionnaires completed at age 23 years. The exposures including sex, dental history, socioeconomic status, diet, and genetic factors were obtained from earlier ALSPAC data. Results: In total 4,222 ALSPAC participants responded to one or more questions about third molar teeth. The final sample included more female participants than male participants. The majority of participants (56.6%) reported at least one episode of pain associated with their third molars. Females had greater odds than males of reporting swelling (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.97; 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.56, 2.51), pain (adjusted OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.56, 2.51) and receiving both non-surgical and surgical treatment (adjusted OR=2.30; 95%CI 1.62, 3.35, adjusted OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.17, 2.06 respectively). Participants with previously filled teeth had greater odds of third molar extraction. There were no strong associations between index of multiple deprivation (IMD) score or sugar intake and the third molar outcomes. There was weak evidence for a genetic contribution to third molar pain. Conclusions: Symptomatic third molars are common in this age group, with over half of the participants reporting pain or other symptoms. Female participants had greater odds for third molar pain, swelling and treatment.
Perception towards cardiovascular diseases preventive practices among bank workers in Hossana town using the health belief model
Authors: Amdemariam Lemlem Kifleyesus , Watumo Aregash Mecha , Sibamo Epfrem Lejore , Agide Feleke Doyore 
Published: February 2022

Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are becoming a public health problem in Ethiopia, especially among those who have limited physical activity. Although bank workers are at an increased risk of contracting CVD, their participation in CVD preventive activities is not studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the perception of bank workers towards CVD preventive behaviors and associated factors in Hossana town.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 258 participants from February 11 to 30/2020. A simple random sampling method was used to select study participants from the enumerated list of staff. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire and the collected data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were done. A p-value less than 0.05 with 95% CI was considered to declare an association between independent and dependent variables.

Results
A total of 253 respondents with response rate of 98.0% were participated. The study revealed that the likelihood of performing CVD preventive behaviors is 62.0%. Moreover, the study found that bank workers’ exposure to passive smoking [AOR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.23–0.98], level of alcohol consumed [AOR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.01–0.54], regularly consuming fruit and vegetable in daily meal [AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.03–0.80], perceived severity[AOR = 0.1;95% CI: 0.01–0.68], and cues to take action [AOR = 0.12;95% CI: 0.02–0.73] were identified as predictors of perception to engage in CVD preventive behaviors.

Conclusion
The level of bank workers’ perception of engaging in CVD preventive behavior was in a considerable state to design and implement intervention strategies. Behavior change communication should be strengthened to improve their knowledge and perception of the severity of CVD and barriers so as to improve the likelihood of taking action.
Perinatal mortality after the Fukushima nuclear accident: An ecological study
Authors: Körblein Alfred 
Published: February 2022

Objective
This study continues former studies on perinatal mortality in Japan after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident in March 2011. An increased study region is chosen, and the study period is extended to 2019.

Methods
Japanese monthly perinatal mortality data are provided on a prefecture level by the Japanese government. The study region consists of 12 prefectures around the FDNPP; the rest of Japan is used as the control region. A combined non-linear regression of perinatal mortality rates in the study- and control regions is conducted. The regression model allows for a common asymptotic lower limit of perinatal mortality, seasonal variations, and periodic peaks in 2012–2019 in the study region. To determine the dependency of the effect on distance from the FDNPP, the study region is divided into four core prefectures and eight prefectures surrounding the core prefectures.

Results
Perinatal mortality rates in the study region show a significant 6.4% (95% CI: 1.8%, 13.4%) overall increase in 2012–2019 relative to the trend in preceding years with no attenuation during 2012–19. The increase translates to 590 (165, 1226) excess perinatal deaths (p = 0.016). It is characterized by annual peaks with maxima in April. A 13.6% increase is determined in the four core prefectures and a 4.3% increase in eight prefectures surrounding the core prefectures. Before 2012, there is a peak around April 2011 and a decline in October 2011; another significant peak is detected in November 2012. In the 4 core prefectures, large increases are found in the first quarter of 2018 (+70%) and in May 2019 (+130%).

Conclusion
This study finds periodic peaks in perinatal mortality in spring 2012–2019 in 12 prefectures of Japan surrounding the FDNPP. In light of massive increases in 2018 and 2019 in the four core prefectures, continued investigation of perinatal mortality in contaminated regions of Japan is recommended.
Superior effect of allopurinol compared to febuxostat on the retardation of chronic kidney disease progression
Authors: Park Seokwoo , Lee Jung Pyo , Kim Dong Ki , Kim Yon Su , Lim Chun Soo 
Published: February 2022

Background
Although hyperuricemia is associated with chronic kidney disease, whether and how it should be managed for renoprotection remains debatable. Thus, we investigated whether allopurinol and febuxostat, the most frequently used urate-lowering treatments, have differential renoprotective effects on chronic kidney disease.

Methods
Incident users of allopurinol and febuxostat were identified from two tertiary referral centers. One-to-one propensity score matching between the allopurinol and febuxostat groups was performed. Participants were followed up until the occurrence of clinical outcomes, urate-lowering agent discontinuation, mortality, or the end of the study period, whichever occurred first. The primary outcomes were a 30% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and end-stage renal disease. Differential trends of eGFR decline were estimated using a linear mixed-effects model.

Results
Each group included 654 participants. Baseline eGFRs were 40.1 [26.6–57.3] and 39.1 [27.9–58.3] mL/min/1.73 m2 in the allopurinol and febuxostat group, respectively. Adjusted least square mean change in serum urate was −1.58 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI), −1.78 to −1.38] and -2.69 mg/dL (95% CI, −2.89 to −2.49) in the allopurinol and febuxostat groups, respectively. Despite lower serum urate levels, febuxostat was significantly more associated with a 30% decline in eGFR (hazard ratio 1.26; 95% CI 1.03–1.54) and end-stage renal disease (hazard ratio 1.91, 95% CI 1.42–2.58) than allopurinol. Annual eGFR decline in febuxostat users was estimated to be more rapid than in allopurinol users by 2.14 (standard error 0.71) mL/min/1.73 m2 per year.

Conclusions
Allopurinol demonstrated attenuation of chronic kidney disease progression and prevention of hypouricemia, compared to febuxostat. Because the treatment can be renoprotective, further studies on its effects on chronic kidney disease are required.
Estela funeraria con antroponimia indígena procedente de Clunia (Burgos).
Authors: Gorrochategui Joaquín 
Published: February 2022

Se publica una estela inédita procedente de Clunia (Burgos) con nombres personales indígenas. Se trata de nombres con escasos paralelos, todos ellos localizados entre los arévacos: Cunturus, Arquus y Paldus. Por las características paleográficas y la sencillez del contenido, la estela debe datarse en la segunda mitad del s. I a. C.
Using the yeast three-hybrid system for the identification of small molecule-protein interactions with the example of ethinylestradiol
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Klassmüller Thomas , Karg Cornelia A. , Kretschmer Maibritt , Zahler Stefan , Braig Simone , Bracher Franz , Vollmar Angelika M. , Moser Simone 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Since the first report on a yeast three-hybrid system, several approaches have successfully utilized different setups for discovering targets of small molecule drugs. Compared to broadly applied MS based target identification approaches, the yeast three-hybrid system represents a complementary method that allows for the straightforward identification of direct protein binders of selected small molecules. One major drawback of this system, however, is that the drug has to be taken up by the yeast cells in sufficient concentrations. Here, we report the establishment of a yeast three-hybrid screen in the deletion strain ABC9Δ, which is characterized by being highly permeable to small molecules. We used this system to screen for protein binding partners of ethinylestradiol, a widely used drug mainly for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. We identified procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2 or lysyl hydroxylase, LH2) as a novel direct target and were able to confirm the interaction identified with the yeast three-hybrid system by a complementary method, affinity chromatography, to prove the validity of the hit. Furthermore, we provide evidence for an interaction between the drug and PLOD2 in vitro and in cellulo.
Perinatal Depression
Authors: Earls Marian F. 
Published: February 2022

Key Points
Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders affect 15% to 20% of mothers from conception to 1 year postpartum and 4% to 25% of fathers.Infants of affected mothers are at risk for impaired social interaction, delays in language and cognitive development, failure to thrive, reactive attachment disorder of infancy, early discontinuation of breastfeeding, and neglect and abuse; longer-term adverse effects can be seen in the child’s learning, memory, behavioral, and emotional adaptation.Formal screening for perinatal depression at infant preventive visits, consistent with the peaks of occurrence, is recommended by Bright Futures, 4th Edition; US Preventive Services Taskforce (2016); and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (2016).Caregivers with a positive screen result and/or symptoms of depression should be triaged for a psychiatric or social emergency and their infants should be screened and followed for potential social-emotional problems.Management is 2-generational.For the parents, demystification, brief interventions to promote the mother-infant relationship and encourage social connections, and referral for evidence-based therapy (individual or couple), emergency medical services, or hospitalizationFor the child, regular monitoring of social-emotional development and Early Intervention Part C servicesFor the mother-infant dyad, evidence-based therapy by a pediatric mental health specialist with expertise in treating infants and young children (0–5 years of age).
The Architectonics of Sensibility in the View of the Theory of Cultural Transfer: Early Prose by Panteleimon Kulish
Authors: Malynovs’ky Artur 
Published: February 2022

Due to the expansion of the human issues to the text, various manifestations of emotionality are structured or hidden, unconscious movements and subjective reactions to the world are revealed in the text. The individual becomes the basis for the development of the typology of the emotional images. Such images become public, turn to the carriers of genre, and form narrative matrices. The text becomes a particularly sensitive ﬁeld, a tuning fork, which allows the readers to correlate their own emotions with previous, already experienced, and tested literature. Endowed with powerful cultural and historical meanings, built up and enriched in the perspective of epochs, emotions become a ﬂuid basis for comparisons of human images at the transcultural and transnational levels. They form the tertium comparationis, within which there are a selection and birth of new images of emotion, and thus, the properties of artistic writing, measurements of the sensibility of the text to extraneous trends and inclusions, modern approaches to the interpretation of the tradition. As a result of this longevity, the world of emotions is internalized into history as a memory of the past, which lives in the present and has its internal temporality and cultural stage. However, there is always a constant “theoretical” excess in the variety of manifestations of sensibility, which serves as the basis for their comparisons, assimilations, and distributions. It has no historical layers; it is the criterion and measure of the meeting of even distant images and models on the border, in the ﬁeld of tertium comparationis.The study of the emotional world of the work involves correlation with the circulation of ideas, worldviews, and aesthetic forms in the melting pot of culture. In this semiotic device, the theory of cultural transfer is formed. It allows going beyond local comparative studies to the level of globalization expansion of objects of interpretation. The founder of transfer analysis M. Espan’ formulated this methodology as the output of literary criticism on the other side of comparative. P. Kulish’s prose is a very interesting phenomenon in the context of this theory. The author resorted to a special technique of intertextual interaction, palimpsest as “embedding” and too sensitive attitude to tradition, rethinking at a cultural distance in fundamentally diﬀerent historical and literary conditions.
Diminutive Contronyms in Ukrainian
Authors: Ruda Natalia 
Published: February 2022

In the paper, the phenomenon of diminutive contronymy in the Ukrainian language is investigated. Being a type of polysemy, the contronymy is assumed as a universal semantic category with peculiarities in expressive means and in pragmatic functioning across languages. Contronymy is a deﬁning attribute of diminutives in numerous languages.The present paper highlights the main causes for the occurrence of opposite meanings in the semantic structure of Ukrainian diminutives and reveals the range of potential ‘positive’ / ‘negative’ connotative semes within a single diminutivized word.Axiological ambiguity of the concept ‘smallness’ is considered to be the main cause for the occurrence of diminutive contronymy. The phenomenon of contradictory meanings within the category of diminutiveness is explained ﬁrst of all by the fact that the notion ‘smallness’ potentially may be regarded with endearment, aﬀection, tenderness, etc., on the one hand, and with disrespect, derogation, depreciation, etc., on the other hand. Other factors of the occurrence of opposite meanings in the semantics of Ukrainian diminutives are determined as well: a) contextual pejorization or meliorization of the meaning of the diminutive, b) euphemization, c) social inconsistency in the assessment of an object marked with a certain diminutive, d) pragmatic goals of the addresser.The text-based analysis has testiﬁed that in the Ukrainian language, diminutives with usually positive connotations occasionally may undergo semantic changes depending on the context. Often enough, contextual contronymy of the noun is caused by the adjective.Diminutives denoting unfavourable, diﬃcult, frightful objects and phenomena are considered as contronyms which are culture-speciﬁc for the Ukrainian language. In the paper, euphemization is regarded to be the main factor for the emergence of this type of contronyms.Both types of Ukrainian diminutive contronyms (with denotative semantic polarity ‘small’ / ‘large’ and with connotative semantic polarity ‘positive’ / ‘negative’) are analyzed in the work, drawing on Ukrainian literary texts. The pragmatics of diminutive contronymy in the Ukrainian language is outlined as well. The pragmatic use of diminutive contronyms is connected with the expression of positive or negative attitudes, mitigating, irony, sarcasm, etc.The study has manifested that the phenomenon of contronymy in the Ukrainian language is observed not only in the semantics of diminutivized nouns but also in diminutivized adjectives and, consequently, in diminutivized adverbs as well. The contronymy of the diminutivized adjectives and adverbs relates to formal means (simple or cumulated suﬃxes and reduplication) and is identiﬁed as a potential to express both decreasing and increasing in the gradation of quality.
Spatial narrative research with architecture as the media
Authors: Kang Xue , Medvegy Gabriella , Zhou Yufang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
With the development of economic globalization and the information age, architecture has gradually become a kind of seal of politics, capital and culture, and is divorced from the spirit and life experience of the existing places in the region. Therefore, the field of architecture constantly seeks new research paradigm from the interdisciplinary perspective and reconsiders the creative activities of architecture. From the late last century, with the introduction of architecture by postmodern philosophy, semiotics, geographical psychology, phenomenology and cultural anthropology, there has been a cross-research between architecture and narratology. The recent research hopes to conduct an in-depth analysis of the theory of architectural spatial narrative and its development in the context of complex disciplines, and to research spatial narrative as a design methodology for architecture.