bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality at a Glance: An Audit of Web-Crawled Multilingual Datasets
Authors: Kreutzer Julia , Caswell Isaac , Wang Lisa , Wahab Ahsan , van Esch Daan , Ulzii-Orshikh Nasanbayar , Tapo Allahsera , Subramani Nishant , Sokolov Artem , Sikasote Claytone , Setyawan Monang , Sarin Supheakmungkol , Samb Sokhar , Sagot Benoît , Rivera Clara , Rios Annette , Papadimitriou Isabel , Osei Salomey , Suarez Pedro Ortiz , Orife Iroro , Ogueji Kelechi , Rubungo Andre Niyongabo , Nguyen Toan Q. , Müller Mathias , Müller André , Muhammad Shamsuddeen Hassan , Muhammad Nanda , Mnyakeni Ayanda , Mirzakhalov Jamshidbek , Matangira Tapiwanashe , Leong Colin , Lawson Nze , Kudugunta Sneha , Jernite Yacine , Jenny Mathias , Firat Orhan , Dossou Bonaventure F. P. , Dlamini Sakhile , de Silva Nisansa , Çabuk Ballı Sakine , Biderman Stella , Battisti Alessia , Baruwa Ahmed , Bapna Ankur , Baljekar Pallavi , Azime Israel Abebe , Awokoya Ayodele , Ataman Duygu , Ahia Orevaoghene , Ahia Oghenefego , Agrawal Sweta , Adeyemi Mofetoluwa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the success of large-scale pre-training and multilingual modeling in Natural Language Processing (NLP), recent years have seen a proliferation of large, Web-mined text datasets covering hundreds of languages. We manually audit the quality of 205 language-specific corpora released with five major public datasets (CCAligned, ParaCrawl, WikiMatrix, OSCAR, mC4). Lower-resource corpora have systematic issues: At least 15 corpora have no usable text, and a significant fraction contains less than 50% sentences of acceptable quality. In addition, many are mislabeled or use nonstandard/ambiguous language codes. We demonstrate that these issues are easy to detect even for non-proficient speakers, and supplement the human audit with automatic analyses. Finally, we recommend techniques to evaluate and improve multilingual corpora and discuss potential risks that come with low-quality data releases.
Effect of diet on productivity and body composition of Moina macrocopa (Straus, 1820) (Branchiopoda, Cladocera, Anomopoda)
Authors: Suhaimi Hidayu , Yuslan Amirah , Ikhwanuddin Mhd , Yusoff Fatimah Md , Mazlan A. G. , Habib Ahasan , Kamal A. H. Mustafa , Rasdi Nadiah W. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the aquaculture of fish and crustaceans, the indoor culture of M. macrocopa constitutes a requisite to produce a more effective feed for the larviculture of the cultured commercial species. The present study examined the efficiency of different diets on population density, survival, and productivity of M. macrocopa. The cladocerans [Cladocera: currently largely referred to as Diplostraca] were fed and enriched with seven diets, including Chlorella sp., agro-industrial residues (rice bran and soybean meal), bio-organic fertilizer (chicken manure and swiftlet waste), canola oil and artificial micro pellets. The diets were provided at a concentration of 500 mg/l for each diet. The M. macrocopa fed on rice bran had a higher population density, survival, productivity, and a promising higher nutrient quality than the test groups fed on the other dietary treatments used. This study has covered the most important aspects of nutritional requirements to produce live feed organisms, which would provide a comprehensive data set for an alternative solution of the best feed for M. macrocopa propagation and their utilization in hatcheries.
Diagram and Discourse in the Anatomy of Melancholy
Authors: Johnson Christopher D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines the methodological, epistemological, aesthetic, and affective tensions between the promise of diagrammatic representation and the practice of discursive expression in Robert Burton’s The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621, first edition). It closely interprets the Anatomy’s tabular logic and analytic claims per se and in conjunction with Burton’s inductive, imaginative prose. While the discursive gathering of copious particulars aims to cure and to console, by ‘rectification’ and ‘recreation’ respectively, the synoptic tables introducing the book’s three partitions represent the ambiguous promise of human scientia, thus becoming yet another cause of melancholy. Compared with other early modern instances of tabular and encyclopedic reason, and interpreted in light of recent scholarship on the diagram, Burton’s tables play a critical, subtle role not only in the Anatomy’s invention and arrangement of topics, but also on the local level where the struggle for meaning and the experience of affect occurs.
Mozaikowe tożsamości Mai Deren. Złożoność perspektyw w badaniu biografii artystki
Authors: Tyborowicz Izabella 
Published: February 2022

Mosaic Identities of Maya Deren: The Complexity of Perspectives in Exploring an Artist’s BiographyThe article presents various strategies undertaken by researchers studying biographies, focusing mainly on filmmakers. It analyses different techniques adopted by the authors of publications on the biography of the avant-garde filmmaker Maya Deren, showing how the artist’s biography is approached using various theoretical frameworks. The study cites specific publications on her life, giving an idea of how different problem categories form the theoretical core for considering Deren’s work. The most important of them are: the identity conflict stemming from her emigration to the United States and her Ukrainian-Jewish origin, the role of a woman in the patriarchal world, and the context of forming an avant-garde trend. The discussion of the relationship between biographical work and cinema studies reflects on the specificity of exploring film sources from the biographical point of view, especially interesting in the case of avant-garde cinema. The article also presents selected aspects of the artist’s life, which become a source of interpretations of her artistic works, and reflects on the potential to reveal unknown information about the artist through the analysis of the visual material, which is more complex than the other sources (especially written ones). Mozaikowe tożsamości Mai Deren. Złożoność perspektyw w badaniu biografii artystkiNiniejszy artykuł prezentuje różnorodne strategie przyjmowane przez biografów podczas opracowywania materiałów źródłowych. Analizie zostają poddane odmienne techniki przyjmowane przez autorki publikacji dotyczących biografii twórczyni filmów awangardowych Mai Deren. Pokazują one, w jak bogatym spektrum ram teoretycznych funkcjonuje biografia artystki. W tekście przywoływane są konkretne publikacje na temat awangardzistki, dające wyobrażenie o tym, jak różnorodne kategorie problemowe mogą stanowić oś rozważań na temat jej twórczości. Najważniejszymi z nich są: konflikt tożsamościowy, wynikający przede wszystkim z emigracji do Stanów Zjednoczonych oraz ukraińsko-żydowskiego pochodzenia, pozycja kobiety w patriarchalnym świecie i kontekst tworzenia sztuki awangardowej. Autorka poddaje refleksji również związek pracy biograficznej z analizą problematyki kina, zwłaszcza w przypadku kina awangardowego. Tekst przybliża także wybrane wątki z życia artystki, stanowiące punkt wyjścia do budowania interpretacji dzieł artystki. Zawiera przemyślenia dotyczące potencjału wyczytania z filmów nieznanych dotąd informacji o autorce za pomocą analizy warstwy wizualnej, która wydaje się bardziej złożona od pozostałych, zwłaszcza pisanych, źródeł.
Habiliter les travailleurs à préserver leur santé mentale: Que font les ergothérapeutes?
Authors: Lecours Alexandra , Groleau Charles 
Published: February 2022

Résumé Description. Les ergothérapeutes accompagnent les travailleurs ayant subi une atteinte à la santé mentale dans leur processus de retour au travail, mais peuvent aussi favoriser le maintien d’une participation saine à long terme. Peu d’écrits scientifiques permettent de comprendre ce rôle émergent. But. Décrire les interventions des ergothérapeutes en regard de l’habilitation des travailleurs à préserver leur santé mentale. Méthodologie. Selon un devis de recherche qualitatif descriptif, des entrevues ont été menées auprès de 19 ergothérapeutes œuvrant en réadaptation socioprofessionnelle. Résultats. Les ergothérapeutes mettent en place 31 interventions réparties en huit catégories. Ces interventions sont principalement axées sur le travailleur lui-même; celles impliquant l’environnement étant moins développées. Conséquences. Les interventions décrites avec spécificité offrent des leviers concrets que les ergothérapeutes peuvent utiliser dans leur pratique. Des travaux de recherche sont toutefois requis pour évaluer l’efficacité de ces interventions.
Administrative delegation revisited: Experimental evidence on the behavioural consequences of public service motivation and risk aversion
Authors: Tepe Markus , Shikano Susumu , Jankowski Michael , Lutz Maximilian 
Published: February 2022

Getting a grip on issues of administrative delegation is key to the performance of public organizations. The oversight game models delegation as a conflict of interest between an inspector and an inspectee to act in the interests of the former. This study tests alternative solutions to overcome ‘shirking’ in the oversight game. Specifically, we test the effect of external incentives, as implied by the game-theoretical solution, against the role of intrinsic factors, namely, public service motivation and job-related risk aversion. Evidence from a laboratory ( N = 208) and survey experiment ( N = 794) show that both the game-theoretical approach, which inspired new public management, and public service motivation, as its antithesis, fail to explain subjects’ behaviour. Instead, job-related risk aversion makes oversight more and ‘shirking’ less likely. This finding hints towards a more differentiated view of public employees’ risk attitudes to improve administrative delegation. Points for practitioners The promise of new public management that oversight issues in administrative delegation disappear with setting appropriate extrinsic incentives is too simplistic. Public service motivation, on the other hand, which started as an antithesis of the self-interested bureaucrat, also fails to solve the issue of ‘shirking’ in administrative delegation. Instead, job-related risk aversion appears to improve administrative delegation, which presents a remarkable counterpoint to the popular opinion in public management that risk aversion is problematic for public organizations’ performance. Rather than avoid selecting risk-averse public employees generally, more attention might be paid to the domains of administrative decision-making in which such traits can be beneficial.
Epigraphic Gleanings on Brāhmaṇism in Chamba
Authors: Verma Anjali 
Published: February 2022

The Chamba region in the western Himalayas has attracted the attention of researchers after the decipherment of hundreds of inscriptions spanning the period between the early eighth to eighteenth centuries. This article studies the epigraphs to analyse the arrival of the brāhman. a community into Chamba from various parts of the country at different time spans. The study focuses on how this arrival in periodical waves affected the political and religious milieu of the region. Interactions between pre-existing indigenous elements of polity and religion with the new, dominating brahmanical elements ultimately legitimized the position of the kings within the brahmanical order, in exchange for the land-grants these brāhman. as received. In the epigraphs, we notice the dominance of brāhman. a writers with specific indications of their gotra and sometimes their Vedic affiliations, summarized in this article through tabular data for an easy understanding of their content and context. This analysis reveals new information about migration, grants-in-perpetuity, and the brahmanization of the royal house of Chamba between the eighth and eighteenth centuries.
A comprehensive gene expression profile of allergic rhinitis-derived nasal fibroblasts and the potential mechanism for its phenotype
Authors: Li Zhengwen , Zou Wentao , Sun Jingwen , Zhou Shuang , Zhou Yue , Cai Xiaojing , Zhang Jiaxiong 
Published: February 2022

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common immunoglobulin E-mediated immune response involved various cell types, while the role of nasal fibroblasts (NFs) in the pathogenesis of AR is less understood. Purpose The study aimed to uncover the gene expression profile of AR-derived NFs and the potential mechanism for the changed phenotype of AR-NFs. Research Design The primary NFs were isolated from 3 AR patients (AR-NFs) and 3 controls (Ctrl-NFs), and the proliferation, migration and interleukins production abilities of NFs were detected respectively. RNA-sequence was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AR-NFs. Transcription factor (TF) regulatory network and bioinformatic analyses were both conducted to clarify the biological roles of DEGs including the TFs. The DEG with the highest validated |fold change (FC)| value, detected by qPCR, was selected for further confirmation. Results AR-NFs showed a higher proliferation and migration abilities as well as released higher levels of IL-33 and IL-6, compared to Ctrl-NFs. A total of 729 DEGs were screened out in AR-NFs. TF regulatory network indicated that BARX homeobox 1 (BARX1) and forkhead box L1 were the major node TFs. Bioinformatic analyses showed that a large number of DEGs including several target genes of BARX1 were both enriched cytokine-related GO terms, and immune- or inflammation-related pathways. BARX1 had the highest |FC| value, and silencing BARX1 in AR-NFs resulted in the significant downregulation of proliferation and migration abilities, and the production of interleukins. Conclusions Our study for the first time provided the gene expression profile of AR-derived NFs, and BARX1 could be developed as a potent target to alleviate the pathogenesis of AR.
Using Pet Therapy to Decrease Patients’ Anxiety on Two Diverse Inpatient Units
Authors: Mulvaney-Roth Patricia , Jackson Carla , Bert Lynn , Eriksen Sharon , Ryan Marybeth 
Published: February 2022

Background: The physical benefits for patients who spend time with a therapy dog have been reported, including decreased anxiety. Pet therapy has decreased anxiety in various hospitalized patient populations. The human–animal bond is the foundation for the positive interaction therapy dogs create. Aims: This study’s purpose was to explore the use of pet therapy as an intervention to decrease patients’ anxiety levels on two diverse inpatient units: Behavioral Health (BHU) and Pediatrics (PEDS). Methods: This was a quantitative study using a convenience sample, with systematic assignment to the experimental and control group. The State Anxiety Scale (SAS), a 6-item, Likert-type Short Form version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, was used with adults and children; a Pediatric Emoji Method was constructed to assist children with the SAS. After consent, both groups completed the SAS pretest. Intervention patients then spent up to 15 minutes with a therapy dog and handler. The SAS posttest was completed 1 hour later by the experimental and control group. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, including an independent samples t test, paired-sample t test, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: Findings revealed that the therapy dog visitations had a positive effect on lowering anxiety supporting the hypothesis. Both the PEDS and BHU participants experienced a significant decrease in their anxiety level following the dog visits. Conclusion: Patients on the BHU and PEDS units benefitted from their visit with a therapy dog by experiencing a decrease in their anxiety level.
Cabergoline treatment in cats with diabetes mellitus and hypersomatotropism
Authors: Miceli Diego D , García Jorge D , Pompili Gustavo A , Rey Amunategui Juan P , Ferraris Sergio , Pignataro Omar P , Guitelman Mirtha 
Published: February 2022

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cabergoline to control hypersomatotropism (HST) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in cats. Methods This was a prospective cohort study. Twenty-three cats with HST and concurrent DM were enrolled. Cats received a dose of 10 μg/kg cabergoline q48h PO for 6 months. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and fructosamine concentrations, insulin dose and Insulin Resistance Index (IRI) were measured at the time of diagnosis of HST and at the start of cabergoline treatment (t0), and 3 months (t1) and 6 months (t2) during cabergoline treatment. Results A decrease and normalization of serum IGF-1 concentration was observed in 35% and 26% of cats, respectively. Median IGF-1 (t0: 1350 ng/ml [range 832–1501]; t1: 1284 ng/ml [range 365–1501]; t2: 1240 ng/ml [range 263–1501]; P = 0.016) decreased significantly. Twelve cats underwent diagnostic imaging of the pituitary area. The median pituitary height at t0 of cats that experienced an IGF-1 reduction (n = 5/12) was significantly lower compared with those that did not experience an IGF-1 reduction (n = 7/12) (3.2 mm [range 3.1–3.7] vs 6 mm [range 3.5–9.5]; P = 0.011). Median fructosamine (t0: 628 µmol/l [range 400–963]; t1: 404 µmol/l [range 249–780]; t2: 400 µmol/l [range 260–815]; P <0.0001), insulin dose (t0: 1.3 IU/kg [range 0.5–4.6]; t0: 0.5 IU/kg [range 0–2.3]; t2: 0.4 IU/kg [range 0–2.1]; P <0.0001) and IRI (t0: 800 µmolIU/kgl [range 257–2700]; t1: 300 µmolIU/kgl [range 0–1498]; t2: 250 µmolIU/kgl [range 0–1498]; P <0.0001) decreased significantly during cabergoline treatment. Eight cats achieved diabetic remission between months 1 and 6 of cabergoline treatment (median time to achieve remission: 3 months [range 1–6]). Three cats experienced asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Conclusions and relevance Cabergoline was effective in normalizing IGF-1 concentration in 26% of cats. Cabergoline improved diabetes control and was associated with remission of DM in 35% of cases. Cabergoline could be a treatment option for cats with HST and DM, especially in those cases with a relatively small pituitary tumor.
Association between serum fibroblast growth factor-23 concentrations and blood calcium levels in chronic kidney disease cats with upper urolithiasis
Authors: Miyakawa Hirosumi , Hsu Huai-Hsun , Ogawa Mizuki , Akabane Ryota , Miyagawa Yuichi , Takemura Naoyuki 
Published: February 2022

Objectives This study investigated whether serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 concentrations are associated with serum total calcium (tCa) and blood ionised calcium (iCa) concentrations in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and upper urolithiasis. Methods Serum samples and the medical records of cats with CKD with nephroliths, ureteroliths or both were investigated retrospectively. Cats with a serum creatinine concentration >250 μmol/l and/or a serum phosphorus concentration ⩾1.50 mmol/l were excluded. Based on cut-offs for serum tCa (2.70 mmol/l) or blood iCa (1.40 mmol/l), cats were divided into the following groups: total hypercalcaemia (H-tCa) (>2.70 mmol/l) and total normocalcaemia (N-tCa) (⩽2.70 mmol/l) groups, or ionised hypercalcaemia (H-iCa) (>1.40 mmol/l) and ionised normocalcaemia (N-iCa) (⩽1.40 mmol/l) groups, respectively. Serum FGF-23 concentrations were compared between groups and correlation analysis was performed. Results Thirty-two cats with CKD and upper urolithiasis were included. Serum FGF-23 concentrations in the H-tCa group (median 573 pg/ml [range 125–3888]; n = 12) were significantly higher compared with the N-tCa group (median 245 pg/ml [range 94–627]; n = 20) ( P = 0.001). Serum FGF-23 concentrations in the H-iCa group (median 1479 pg/ml [range 509–3888]; n = 6) increased significantly compared with the N-iCa group (median 245 pg/ml [range 94–637]; n = 26) ( P <0.001). Serum FGF-23 concentrations significantly correlated with serum tCa ( r = 0.511, P = 0.003) and blood iCa concentrations ( r = 0.425, P = 0.015) but not serum creatinine ( r = 0.279, P = 0.122) or phosphorus concentrations ( r = 0.208, P = 0.253). Conclusions and relevance Increased serum FGF-23 concentrations were associated with hypercalcaemia independently of creatinine and phosphate status in cats with CKD and upper urolithiasis.
Neovascular Glaucoma in Children: A case series and a review of the literature
Authors: Nieves-Moreno Maria , Peralta Jesús , Noval Susana 
Published: February 2022

Purpose To study the uncommon causes and treatment options for neovascular glaucoma in children. Patients and Methods A review of the literature on neovascular glaucoma in children was conducted and we present three cases of neovascular glaucoma in children. Results We present three cases of neovascular glaucoma: two cases were secondary to a retinal vasoproliferative tumor—one to neurofibromatosis type 1 and the other to exudative retinopathy secondary to mild retinopathy of prematurity—and one case was secondary to a central retina vein occlusion secondary to an optic nerve glioma. Vision in the affected eye was severely impaired in all the children. Conclusion The diagnosis and treatment of neovascular glaucoma in children is challenging and often a complication of a systemic or late-stage ocular condition. An appropriate diagnosis and estimation of the visual potential are essential to determine the correct treatment, especially in young children.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition in Breast Milk Plasma of HIV-infected and Uninfected Mothers in Relation to Infant Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Mabaya Lucy , Matarira Hilda Tendisa , Tanyanyiwa Donald Moshen , Musarurwa Cuthbert , Mukwembi Johannes , Mudluli Taona Emmah , Marera Tatenda 
Published: February 2022

Background: The increased coverage of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services has significantly reduced paediatric HIV infection incidence. The aim of the study was to compare breast milk omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of HIV infected and uninfected mothers and determine the association between fatty acid profiles and postnatal transmission of HIV, morbidity/mortality of HIV exposed and unexposed infants. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 57 HIV infected and 57 HIV uninfected lactating mothers was conducted in Gweru, Zimbabwe from July 2019 to March 2020. The women’s 114 babies (term and preterm) were also enrolled and stratified by HIV exposure and infection status. The mother-infant pairs were followed up at 6 weeks, 16 weeks and 6 months postpartum to determine, HIV transmission rate, breast milk polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles as well as infant clinical outcomes. Results: The mean breast milk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels in HIV uninfected mothers (0.82 ± 0.92; 0.47 ± 0.75 μg/ml respectively) at 6 weeks postpartum were significantly higher compared to those of HIV infected mothers (0.33 ± 0.32; 0.08 ± 0.14 μg/ml) respectively. The same pattern was observed at 16 weeks postpartum in terms of DHA and EPA mean concentration. However, the arachidonic acid (AA) levels and AA/DHA ratio measured at 6 weeks postpartum were significantly higher in HIV infected mothers (2.31 ± 2.01; 17.18 ± 52.47 respectively) compared to HIV uninfected mothers (0.82 ± 0.54; 9.71 ± 21.80; P < .001). A higher morbidity rate was observed amongst HIV exposed infants than HIV unexposed infants (3.26 ± 0.13; 2.49 ± 0.09; P < .001) respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between AA and infant morbidity ( r = .388; P < .001). Conclusion: Deficiencies in breast milk omega-3 fatty acids were observed in HIV infected women. Maintaining a healthy balance between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid diets is critical for breast feeding mothers regardless of their HIV status. The adverse clinical outcomes observed amongst HIV exposed infants emphasise their vulnerability under conditions of maternal universal antiretroviral therapy.