bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive assessment of multimorbidity burden in a population-based cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Crowson Cynthia S , Gunderson Tina M , Dykhoff Hayley J , Myasoedova Elena , Atkinson Elizabeth J , Kronzer Vanessa L , Coffey Caitrin M , Davis III John M 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo comprehensively assess multimorbidity burden in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to unify the multimorbidity definition for RA research and clinical practice.MethodsIn this population-based study, residents of eight Minnesota counties with prevalent RA on 1 January 2015 were identified. Age, sex and county-matched non-RA comparators were selected from the same population. Diagnostic codes were retrieved for 5 years before 1 January 2015. Using two codes ≥30 days apart, 44 previously defined morbidities and 78 non-overlapping chronic disease categories based on Clinical Classification Software were defined. Prevalence of each morbidity in the RA versus non-RA cohorts was compared using false discovery rate to adjust for multiple comparisons. Morbidities more common in RA than non-RA and those with prevalence ≥5% were retained.Results1643 patients with RA and 1643 non-RA subjects (72% women; mean age 63.1 years) were studied. Using the 44 morbidities, multimorbidity (defined as 2+ morbidities) was present in 1411 (86%) of RA and 1164 (71%) of non-RA subjects (p<0.001) with 5+ morbidities present in 907 (55%) of RA and 619 (38%) of non-RA (p<0.001). Patients with RA had significantly higher prevalence of 24 of the 44 morbidities compared with non-RA, especially interstitial lung disease, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Among the additional 78 categories, 7 were significantly higher in RA than non-RA, including organic sleep disorders, vitamin D deficiency and foot ulcers.ConclusionPatients with RA have a higher prevalence of multimorbidity compared with non-RA subjects. These results confirm the list of 44 morbidities and add several other morbidities of interest in RA.
Effects of biochar source, level of inclusion, and particle size on in vitro dry matter disappearance, total gas, and methane production and ruminal fermentation parameters in a barley silage-based diet
Authors: Tamayao Paul , Ribeiro Gabriel O. , McAllister Tim A. , Ominski Kim H. , Okine Erasmus K. , McGeough Emma J. 
Published: January 2022

This study evaluated the effects of biochar differing in source, inclusion level, and particle size on dry matter disappearance (DMD), total gas and methane (CH4) production, and ruminal fermentation in a barley silage-based diet. The seven biochar products used were coconut (CP001 and CP014) or pine (CP002, CP015, CP016, CP023, CP024)-based. Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) evaluated these biochars at 4.5%, 13.5%, and 22.5% level of diet inclusion, whereas Experiment 2 (Exp. 2) evaluated CP002, CP016, and CP023 at 2.25% and 4.50% of the diet at <0.5, 0.5–2.0, >2.0 mm particle size. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS as a randomized complete block design, with biochar source, inclusion level, and particle size (Exp. 2 only) as fixed effects with run and replicate as random effects. Increasing level of biochar inclusion linearly (P < 0.01) decreased DMD in Exp. 1 and did not influence DMD (P > 0.05) in Exp. 2. Total gas, CH4 (mL·g−1 DMD), and ruminal fermentation parameters were not affected by product, inclusion level, or particle size (P > 0.05). In conclusion, biochar of varying source and particle size did not mitigate CH4 production, but reduced DMD at higher inclusion levels in the barley silage-based diet.
Universal transcendentality limit of BFKL eigenvalue
Authors: Joubat Mohammad , Prygarin Alex 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe consider a special limit of the BFKL eigenvalue at $$\nu \rightarrow 0$$

ν
→
0

and odd values of the conformal spin n. We show that in this limit the NLO BFKL eigenvalue can be expressed in terms of a limited set of transcendental constants with rational coefficients. We show that the leading transcendentality term in this limit is universal and does not depend on a specific value of n.
Universal set of quantum gates for the flip-flop qubit in the presence of 1/f noise
Authors: Ferraro Elena , Rei Davide , Paris Matteo , De Michielis Marco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImpurities hosted in semiconducting solid matrices represent an extensively studied platform for quantum computing applications. In this scenario, the so-called flip-flop qubit emerges as a convenient choice for scalable implementations in silicon. Flip-flop qubits are realized implanting phosphorous donor in isotopically purified silicon, and encoding the logical states in the donor nuclear spin and in its bound electron. Electrically modulating the hyperfine interaction by applying a vertical electric field causes an Electron Dipole Spin Resonance (EDSR) transition between the states with antiparallel spins$\{|\downarrow \Uparrow \rangle ,|\uparrow \Downarrow \rangle \}${|↓⇑〉,|↑⇓〉}, that are chosen as the logical states. When two qubits are considered, the dipole-dipole interaction is exploited to establish long-range coupling between them. A universal set of quantum gates for flip-flop qubits is here proposed and the effect of a realistic 1/f noise on the gate fidelity is investigated for the single qubit$R_{z}(-\frac{\pi }{2})$Rz(−π2)and Hadamard gate and for the two-qubit$\sqrt{\mathit{iSWAP}}$iSWAPgate.
(Invited) Rationally Designed Semiconductor/Nanocarbon Photoelectrodes for Solar Fuel Generation
Authors: Kecsenovity Egon , Endrodi Balazs , Janáky Csaba 
Published: January 2022

Given that CO2 is a greenhouse gas, using the energy of sunlight to convert CO2 to transportation fuels (such as methanol or methane) represents a value-added approach to the simultaneous generation of alternative fuels and environmental remediation of carbon emissions. Electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry have been proven to be a useful avenue for solar water splitting. CO2 reduction, however, is multi-electron in nature (e.g., 6 e- to methanol) with considerable kinetic barriers to electron transfer. It therefore requires the use of carefully designed electrode surfaces to accelerate e- transfer rates to levels that make practical sense. In this talk I will present hybrid photoelectrodes leading to enhanced efficiency, selectivity, and stability.
First, I will present the use of electrosynthetic (and photoelectrosynthetic) methods for preparing semiconductors on nanocarbon-modified electrode surfaces. Composites of nanocarbons with both inorganic and organic semiconductors represent an interesting class of new functional materials. Therefore, I will show how electrodeposition can be used to tune composition, crystal structure, and morphology of the nanocomposites for targeted applications.
In the second part of my talk, selected examples will be given for how these electrosynthesized hybrid assemblies can be deployed in various photoelectrochemical application schemes, most importantly CO2 conversion. I will present the controlled synthesis and photoelectrochemical behavior of Cu2O/CNT and Cu2O/graphene composites. A carefully designed, multiple-step electrodeposition protocol was developed that ensured homogeneous coating of the CNTs with the Cu2O nanocrystals. TiO2/ graphene nanocomposites were also obtained in a similar manner. This enhanced charge transport property for the hybrids resulted in a drastic increase in the photocurrents measured for the CO2 reduction. In addition to this superior performance, long term photoelectrolysis measurements proved that the Cu2O/nanocarbon hybrids were more stable than the oxide alone. Taking these observations together as a whole, a general model will be presented on the role of the nanocarbon scaffold.

Acknowledgements

This research was partially supported by the “Széchenyi 2020” program in the framework of GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00013 “Intelligent materials based on functional surfaces – from syntheses to applications” project.
Decreased Adiponectin Levels Are a Risk Factor for Cognitive Decline in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Liu Fan-jie , Xu Hong-hao , Yin Ying , Chen Yuan-zhen , Xie Liang-yu , Li Hua-zhong , Wang Dan-dan , Shi Bin 
Published: January 2022

Objective. Spinal cord injury (SCI) has become popular in recent years, and cognitive decline is a common complication. Adiponectin is a common protein hormone involved in the course of many diseases, but its relationship with SCI has not yet been elucidated. The purpose of our prospective study is to explore whether adiponectin can be used as a biomarker of cognitive decline in SCI. Methods. A total of 64 healthy volunteers and 92 patients with acute SCI were recruited by us. Serum adiponectin levels, demographic data (age and gender), lifestyle (smoking and drinking), medical history (diabetes and hypertension), and clinical baseline data (low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and fasting blood glucose) were recorded. Three months after enrollment, we used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate cognitive function. Based on a quarter of the serum adiponectin levels, SCI patients were divided into 4 groups, and the differences in their MoCA scores were compared. In addition, we used multivariate linear regression to predict the risk factors of the MoCA score. Results. The serum adiponectin level (

6.1
±
1.1

μ
g
/
ml

) of SCI patients was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group (

6.7
±
0.9

μ
g
/
ml

), and there was a significant difference between the two (

p
<
0.001

). The group with higher serum adiponectin levels after 3 months of spinal cord injury had higher MoCA scores. Multivariate regression analysis showed that serum adiponectin level is a protective factor for cognitive function after SCI (

β
=
0.210

,

p
=
0.043

). Conclusions. Serum adiponectin levels can be used as an independent predictor of cognitive function in patients with acute SCI.
Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Function after Therapy of Eyelid Tumors at Palpebral Margin with Super Pulse CO2 Laser
Authors: Zhao Songjiao , Duan Jueni , Zhang Jing , Gong Lan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To investigate the effect on meibomian gland function of super pulse carbon dioxide (CO2) laser excision in the treatment of eyelid tumors at palpebral margin. Methods. 36 patients with 36

eyelid

tumor

size
≤
1

cm

and within 1 mm to palpebral margin were recruited in this study. Of which, 16 cases with tumors in the upper eyelid and 20 cases in the lower eyelid were involved. The eyelid tumors of all the patients were treated by super pulse CO2 laser with its power density varied between 0.6 and 21.1 W/mm2 and in repeat mode. The laser spot size ranged from 120 to 200 μm. Ocular surface parameters including tear film break-up time (BUT) and meibograde, meibum expressibility, and meibum quality were evaluated at pretherapy, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months posttherapy in all 36 patients. Result. All the patients were satisfied with the therapy. No infective complications and recurrence occurred in any of the 36 patients at the following period. The eyelid wound recovered well with nearly normal appearing after 2 to 3 weeks. The morphology of limbi palpebralis, BUT, meibograde, meibum expressibility, and meibum quality of all the 36 patients showed no significant difference before and after the therapy. Conclusions. Super pulse CO2 laser had no effect on meibomian gland function and morphology in the excision of tumors at palpebral margins, which was an efficacy and well-tolerated therapy with lower complications and recurrence.
Explorative Experiments: A Paradigm Shift to Deal with Severe Uncertainty in Autonomous Robotics
Authors: Schiaffonati Viola 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a case of severe uncertainty in the development of autonomous and intelligent systems in Artificial Intelligence and autonomous robotics. After discussing how uncertainty emerges from the complexity of the systems and their interaction with unknown environments, the paper describes the novel framework of explorative experiments. This framework presents a suitable context in which many of the issues relative to uncertainty, both at the epistemological level and at the ethical one, in this field should be reframed. The case of autonomous robot systems for search and rescue is used to make the discussion more concrete.
Predicting Intention to Take a COVID-19 Vaccine in the United States: Application and Extension of Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Hayashi Yusuke , Romanowich Paul , Hantula Donald A. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose This study aims to apply and extend the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Online. Sample Adult US residents recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk ( n = 172). Measures Intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine (outcome variable), demographic variables (predictors), standard TPB variables (perceived behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norm; predictors), and non-TPB variables (anticipated regret, health locus of control, and perceived community benefit; predictors). Analysis Hierarchical linear regression predicting intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, with demographic, standard TPB, and non-TPB variables entered in regression models 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Results The extended TPB model accounted for 72.5% of the variance in vaccination intention ( p < .001), with perceived behavioral control ( β = .29, p < .001), attitude ( β = .23, p = .043), and perceived community benefit ( β = .23, p = .020) being significant unique predictors. Conclusion Despite the relatively small and non-representative sample, this study, conducted after COVID-19 vaccines were widely available in the USA, demonstrated that perceived behavioral control was the most robust predictor of intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, suggesting that the TPB is a useful theoretical framework that can inform effective strategies to promote vaccine acceptance.
Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in the prevention of thromboembolic events: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Barros Edington Fernando Luiz , de Rezende Daniel Fraga , dos Santos Luis Fernando Simões , Garcia Rayssa Valandro , Gadelha Sandra Rocha , Santiago Mittermayer Barreto 
Published: January 2022

Objective To estimate the risk ratio (RR) of thromboembolic events in chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine users compared to non-users. Methods We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to the present, reporting thromboembolic events in chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine users compared to non-users. Four authors independently screened all the records obtained through our search strategy and later revised the selected full-text articles for eligibility, according to our inclusion criteria. The same four authors independently extracted relevant data through a customized data collection form while two other authors assessed the quality of the included RCTs using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (Version 2.0). All the disagreements were resolved through discussions among the authors. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) and its respective standard error of developing thromboembolic events in hydroxychloroquine users and non-users for each individual study and pooled the results using a random effects model meta-analysis. We assessed Heterogeneity using the Tau2 and I2, and publication bias using funnel plotting and Egger’s regression. The protocol for this systematic review is registered at the PROSPERO database (CRD42021247902). Results Thirteen RCTs met our eligibility criteria and were included in our analysis (2663 patients). We found that hydroxychloroquine—no study on chloroquine was found—reduced the risk of thromboembolic events by 49% (RR 0.51[IC 95% 0.31–0.84]) with a medium heterogeneity (I2 = 67% and T2 = 0.4948). We did find some asymmetry in the inspection of the funnel plot, which was ruled out through an Egger’s regression ( p-value = 0.1025). Conclusion Our data reinforce the idea that hydroxychloroquine reduces the risk of thromboembolic events.
Symptomatic Features and Factors Associated With Do-Not-Resuscitate Consent in Advanced Cancer Patients Admitted to Palliative Care Ward
Authors: Fan Rongrong , Yang Siyu , Bu Xiaofan , Chen Yongyi , Wang Ying , Shen Boyong , Qiu Cuiling , Li Xuying 
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to conduct a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of symptoms and symptom clusters on sociodemographic and disease characteristics, as well as factors associated with Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) consent. Advanced cancer patients were enrolled between 2018 and 2020 with available data. Demographic and clinical data were obtained for analysis from Hospital Information System (HIS) in China. Symptom clusters were extracted by hierarchical cluster analysis. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were conducted to investigate the prevalence characteristics of symptoms and influencing factors of DNR consent, respectively. 798 advanced cancer patients were enrolled. The most prevalent symptoms were pain (93%), anorexia (36.5%), and sleep disorders (34.2%). High heart rate was associated with poor performance status and more symptoms. Three clusters were extracted: fatigue-related, respiratory-circulatory system, and digestive system symptom clusters. The incidence of symptoms was statistically significant in age, gender, education level, residence, BMI, performance status, distress score, ADL, and primary pain level. The DNR signature rate was 15.5%. Female, distant metastasis, in-ward rescue, and appearance of dyspnea were independent influencing factors of DNR signature. Chinese hospitalized cancer patients had more symptoms burden that were influenced by various demographic characteristics, especially pain and fatigue-related symptoms. Concerning the trajectory of vital signs is important among advanced cancer patients. The DNR signature rate was lower and our finding indicating an urgency to accurately assess the prognosis and give more palliative care education to enhance DNR rates and early signing in Chinese context.
Advance Care Planning for Emergency Department Patients With COVID-19 Infection: An Assessment of a Physician Training Program
Authors: Casey Martin F. , Price Laiken , Markwalter Daniel , Bohrmann Tommy , Tsujimoto Tamy Moraes , Lavin Kyle , Hanson Laura C. , Lin Feng-Chang , Platts-Mills Timothy F. 
Published: January 2022

Objective Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has heightened the importance of advance care planning (ACP), particularly in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an educational program for emergency physicians on ACP conversations in the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design This was an observational pre-/post-interventional study. Setting This study was conducted at a Southeastern U.S. academic ED. Participants 143 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in the 2 weeks up to and including the ED encounter of interest (between March 26 and May 25, 2020) were included. Interventions The primary intervention was an ACP training toolkit with three components: (1) an evidence-based guide to COVID-19 risk stratification, (2) education on language to initiate ACP conversations, and (3) modification of the electronic health record (EHR) to facilitate ACP documentation. Palliative care physicians also delivered a 60-minute ACP educational session for emergency medicine physicians. Outcome measures The primary outcome was a composite of ACP activities including: (1) identification of a healthcare decision-maker (HCDM), (2) an order for a code status, or (3) a documented goals of care conversation. Results There was a 25.4% (95% CI: 7.0-43.9) increase in the composite outcome of ED-based ACP. After adjustment for patient demographics and triage score, there was a non-statistically significant increase in ACP activity (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 0.93-8.64; P = .08). Conclusion A rapid and simple physician-facing educational intervention demonstrated a trend, though lacking in statistical significance, towards increased ED-based ACP activities for patients with COVID-19.
A Scoping Review Evaluating the Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Insulin Dose Requirements in Insulin-Dependent Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Moulton Morgan K. , Johnson Blake R. , Lavender Devin L. , Osae Sharmon P. , Phillips Beth Bryles , Thomas Ian , Stone Rebecca H. 
Published: January 2022

Objective Assess evidence describing the effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on total daily insulin (TDI) requirements in insulin-dependent patients with type 2 diabetes. Data sources A scoping review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Protocols and Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The search was conducted in PubMed; citation mapping was completed in Web of Science. Filters for human studies, English language, and a publication date, from January 1, 2005 to April 12, 2021, were applied. Study selection and data extraction Studies assessing insulin dose requirements with concurrent use of an SGLT2 inhibitor for patients with type 2 diabetes were included. Data synthesis Sixteen studies were included and demonstrated that addition of an SGLT2 inhibitor typically reduced TDI requirements. Insulin reductions were often statistically significant, occurring in studies evaluating (1) within subjects who received SGLT2 inhibitors, and (2) between subjects receiving SGLT2 inhibitors versus placebo. Compared with placebo, insulin dose reduction ranged from −0.72 to −19.2 units. However, studies were relatively small, not designed to assess TDI change, and some utilized fixed dose insulin protocols or empiric insulin dose reductions. Conclusions Lowering insulin requirements may have benefits, such as decreased hypoglycemia risk, insulin resistance, and cost. Addition of an SGLT2 inhibitor may modestly reduce TDI requirements for patients with type 2 diabetes. Evidence indicating SGLT2 inhibitor use reduces TDI may lead to additional implementation in practice and inform future research. Further research is needed to clarify insulin type (i.e., basal or prandial) and degree of TDI reduction expected with addition of an SGLT2 inhibitor.
Cutaneous Stevens Johnson – Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Immunotherapy related Toxicities in Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Alexandris Dimitrios , Alevizopoulos Nektarios , Gakiopoulou Harikleia , Stavrinou Nikolina , Vourlakou Christine 
Published: January 2022

Introduction New Immuno- Checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) functioning as PD-1- PDL-1 blockers are nowadays used in a majority of anticancer treatments. Many immune- related Adverse Events (irAEs) are published daily; severe skin toxicities, Stevens Johnson/ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are seldom reported. Case report Herein, we present two interesting skin sever toxicity cases of lung cancer patients, undergoing PD-1- PDL-1 Immunotherapy. In both cases, a morbilliform rash with documented histological Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Pattern /Stevens Johnson findings, was thoroughly studied. Management & Outcome Both cases were therapeutically managed according to guidelines with different outcome. Discussion Two focused cases of irAEs, is the rationale, to briefly review mechanisms of major toxicities caused by PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, and present all new data in their precise management. ICIs’ association with SJS/ TEN still remains unclear; underlying urgent need for further studies. It is important to alert physicians to promptly identify life threatening irAEs. Being familiar, provides management efficacy, safe resolve and encourage beneficial balanced cost effective treatments.