bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Growth Regulators on Branching, Flowering, and Fruit Development of Ornamental Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)1
Authors: Khademi M. , Khosh-Khui M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Indoleacetic acid (IAA), benzyladenine (BA) and (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) were applied to pinched and non-pinched ornamental peppers (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Teno) before, after, or at the time of pinching. Ethephon increased the number of lateral branches, but reduced growth, delayed flowering, reduced the number of flowers per branch thus reducing fruit production. Ethephon applied at 300 ppm 2 weeks post-pinching substituted for hand pinching. BA and IAA had no desirable effect on ornamental characteristics of treated plants.
Effectiveness of Ethylene Degreening of Certain Citrus Cultivars1
Authors: Kitagawa H. , Kawada K. , Tarutani T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A 15-hour ethylene degreening treatment was most effective for satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) followed by navel orange (C. sinensis Osbeck), ‘Eureka’ lemon (C. limon Burm. f), ‘Hassaku’ (C. hassaku Hort. ex Tan.), ‘Natsudaidai’ (C. natsudaidai Hay.), and ‘Trovita’ (C. sinensis) and ‘Valencia’ (C. sinensis) oranges. Effectiveness seems to be related to resistance to gas diffusion from fruit affecting release of absorbed ethylene.
Low Temperature Resistance of Developing Flower Buds of Six Deciduous Fruit Species1
Authors: Proebsting E. L. , Mills H. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Six deciduous fruit species showed similar distribution of mortality with temperature during blossom bud development from dormancy to post bloom. During this period T50 rose to near −3°C for all species. The range between T10 and T90 remained small during dormancy, increased to 6 to 10°C in the early stages of development, then diminished to 1 to 2° in the later stages. Variability within samples decreased markedly with development.
Nitrogen and Potassium Requirements of Rieger Begonia (Begonia × hiemalis Fotsch)1
Authors: Nelson Paul V. , Krauskopf Dean M. , Mingis Nancy C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Optimum N and K rates were established for ‘Schwabenland Red’ Rieger begonia for weekly fertilization and for application with each watering. Weekly application of 400 ppm N or more and 150 ppm or less resulted in undesirable plant size reduction regardless of K level; 200 ppm was marginal and 250 and 300 ppm N were best. Weekly applications of 60 to 200 ppm K were best and equal when applied with 250 ppm N while levels of 250 ppm K and greater caused smaller final plant size. The best rates of N for application with each watering were 100 and 150 ppm; 75 ppm and lower and 200 ppm and higher had deleterious effects. K levels from 50 to 125 ppm were best for application with every watering while levels of 150 ppm and greater were undesirable.
Effects of Gibberellic Acid on Vegetative and Inflorescence Buds of Pistachio
Authors: Lin Tzong-Shyan , Crane Julian C. , Ryugo Kay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) induced cell division in subapical meristems of quiescent terminal vegetative buds and brought about bud opening and stem elongation in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). When the subapical meristems in rachis primordia in lateral inflorescence buds were undergoing cell division, GA3 application enhanced cell division and brought about elongation of the rachis. However, application of GA3 to inflorescence buds when cell division in the subapical meristem of the rachis essentially had terminated, induced cell division in the bases of the buds with subsequent bud abscission.
Biochemical Markers for Carica papaya, C. cauliflora, and Plants from Somatic Embryos of Their Hybrid
Authors: Moore G. A. , Litz R. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Isozyme markers for glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (PER), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) were identified for Carica papaya L. and the related but sexually incompatible C. cauliflora Jacq. These markers were used to determine the nature of somatic embryos derived from papaya ovules cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium 65 days after controlled pollination with C. cauliflora. Zymograms of plantlets from somatic embryos contained bands specific to either C. papaya or C. cauliflora (PER, GOT) and a unique band not present in the zymogram of either species (PER). Zymograms of somatic embryo-derived plantlets were distinctively different from those of either of the Carica species for all the enzyme systems examined. Evidence from isozyme markers indicates that somatic embryos produced from cultured papaya ovules following pollination with C. cauliflora may be hybrids. The isozyme banding patterns of 60 plantlets derived from somatic embryos from the same ovule were very uniform and suggest genetic uniformity among the regenerated plantlets.
The Effects of Regulated Water Deficits on Pear Tree Growth, Flowering, Fruit Growth, and Yield
Authors: Mitchell P. D. , Jerie P. H. , Chalmers D. J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three levels of water deficit generated by 3 levels of irrigation applied at times of rapid vegetative growth and/or slow fruit growth were compared to determine their suitability for restricting vegetative growth on 5-year-old ‘Bartlett’ pear (Prunus communis L.) trees trained to a Tatura Trellis. For the period of Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI), the amount of water applied replaced 92%, 47%, and 23% of the evaporation calculated over the planting square (Eps). In the subsequent period of rapid fruit growth until harvest, all trees were irrigated with 150% Eps to ensure that the wetting pattern from the trickle system wetted the entire root zone. Shoot and frame growth declined in proportion to the water deficit. Fruit tended to grow more slowly on the 23% than 46% treatment during RDI, but growth on the 46% and 92% Eps treatments was similar. In the subsequent period of full irrigation, fruit growth initially was significantly faster on the RDI treatments, and the same trend was maintained for most of the remainder of fruit growth. The net result was that yield was marginally increased RDI treatments. In the subsequent season, flowering was increased on trees recieving RDI in the previous season.
Protein and Amino Acid Content of Sweetpotato Cultivars1
Authors: Purcell Albert E. , Swaisgood Harold E. , Pope Daniel T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Protein content of sweetpotatoes from a North Carolina root collection was determined. Protein content ranged from 1.73% dry basis to 9.14%. The amino acid composition of protein extracted from 6 selected cultivars was determined. Tryptophan and total sulfur amino acids were limiting by comparison with the FAO reference protein. Other essential amino acids were in excess suggesting that sweetpotato protein may be useful in supplementing other plant proteins.
Groundwater recharge estimation using water table fluctuation and empirical methods
Authors: Addisie Meseret B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The reliable estimation of groundwater recharge is fundamental to the appropriate use of groundwater resources. Shallow groundwater resource quantification for irrigation in highland regions remains challenging. Specifically, in the humid Ethiopian highlands, only limited research has been done on groundwater recharge estimation. Despite the various techniques used to determine recharge, the objective of this study was to better understand natural groundwater recharge using water table fluctuation (WTF) and empirical methods in the sub-humid Ethiopian highlands. The Ene-Chilala watershed was selected for this study. Precipitation, infiltration rate, and piezometric water levels were measured. Precipitation was measured over a 4-year period (2013–2016), whereas infiltration and the groundwater table were measured over a 1-year period (2014). Recharge rates using WTF were determined from the three slope positions and the median of all piezometers for the whole watershed. Infiltration rates on the upslope were greater compared to the mid- and downslopes. The rainfall intensity exceeded the infiltration rate in all slope positions, so the excess rainfall recharged the perched upslope aquifer and eventually drained as interflow to recharge the mid- and downslopes. The estimated groundwater recharge from WTF was less compared to the average of empirical estimations. Surprisingly, from the nine selected empirical equations, the modified Chaturvedi formula had a similar estimation to the WTF method. In conclusion, it is challenging to find long-term seasonal and spatial groundwater-level data. Long-term groundwater data should, therefore, be available in order to arrive at a reliable recharge estimate and for effective groundwater management practices.
Digital Health Interventions for Depression and Anxiety Among People With Chronic Conditions: Scoping Review
Authors: Shah Amika , Hussain-Shamsy Neesha , Strudwick Gillian , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Nolan Robert P , Seto Emily 
Published: August 2022

Background
Chronic conditions are characterized by their long duration (≥1 year), need for ongoing medical attention, and limitations in activities of daily living. These can often co-occur with depression and anxiety as common and detrimental comorbidities among the growing population living with chronic conditions. Digital health interventions (DHIs) hold promise in overcoming barriers to accessing mental health support for these individuals; however, the design and implementation of DHIs for depression and anxiety in people with chronic conditions are yet to be explored.

Objective
This study aimed to explore what is known in the literature regarding DHIs for the prevention, detection, or treatment of depression and anxiety among people with chronic conditions.

Methods
A scoping review of the literature was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Searches of the literature published in 5 databases between 1990 and 2019 were conducted in April 2019 and updated in March 2021. To be included, studies must have described a DHI tested with, or designed for, the prevention, detection, or treatment of depression or anxiety in people with common chronic conditions (arthritis, asthma, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, stroke, and Alzheimer disease or dementia). Studies were independently screened by 2 reviewers against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both quantitative and qualitative data were extracted, charted, and synthesized to provide a descriptive summary of the trends and considerations for future research.

Results
Database searches yielded 11,422 articles across the initial and updated searches, 53 (0.46%) of which were included in this review. DHIs predominantly sought to provide treatment (44/53, 83%), followed by detection (5/53, 9%) and prevention (4/53, 8%). Most DHIs were focused on depression (36/53, 68%), guided (32/53, 60%), tailored to chronic physical conditions (19/53, 36%), and delivered through web-based platforms (20/53, 38%). Only 2 studies described the implementation of a DHI.

Conclusions
As a growing research area, DHIs offer the potential to address the gap in care for depression and anxiety among people with chronic conditions; however, their implementation in standard care is scarce. Although stepped care has been identified as a promising model to implement efficacious DHIs, few studies have investigated the use of DHIs for depression and anxiety among chronic conditions using such models. In developing stepped care, we outlined DHI tailoring, guidance, and intensity as key considerations that require further research.
Standardized Description of the Feature Extraction Process to Transform Raw Data Into Meaningful Information for Enhancing Data Reuse: Consensus Study
Authors: Lamer Antoine , Fruchart Mathilde , Paris Nicolas , Popoff Benjamin , Payen Anaïs , Balcaen Thibaut , Gacquer William , Bouzillé Guillaume , Cuggia Marc , Doutreligne Matthieu , Chazard Emmanuel 
Published: August 2022

Background
Despite the many opportunities data reuse offers, its implementation presents many difficulties, and raw data cannot be reused directly. Information is not always directly available in the source database and needs to be computed afterwards with raw data for defining an algorithm.

Objective
The main purpose of this article is to present a standardized description of the steps and transformations required during the feature extraction process when conducting retrospective observational studies. A secondary objective is to identify how the features could be stored in the schema of a data warehouse.

Methods
This study involved the following 3 main steps: (1) the collection of relevant study cases related to feature extraction and based on the automatic and secondary use of data; (2) the standardized description of raw data, steps, and transformations, which were common to the study cases; and (3) the identification of an appropriate table to store the features in the Observation Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model (CDM).

Results
We interviewed 10 researchers from 3 French university hospitals and a national institution, who were involved in 8 retrospective and observational studies. Based on these studies, 2 states (track and feature) and 2 transformations (track definition and track aggregation) emerged. “Track” is a time-dependent signal or period of interest, defined by a statistical unit, a value, and 2 milestones (a start event and an end event). “Feature” is time-independent high-level information with dimensionality identical to the statistical unit of the study, defined by a label and a value. The time dimension has become implicit in the value or name of the variable. We propose the 2 tables “TRACK” and “FEATURE” to store variables obtained in feature extraction and extend the OMOP CDM.

Conclusions
We propose a standardized description of the feature extraction process. The process combined the 2 steps of track definition and track aggregation. By dividing the feature extraction into these 2 steps, difficulty was managed during track definition. The standardization of tracks requires great expertise with regard to the data, but allows the application of an infinite number of complex transformations. On the contrary, track aggregation is a very simple operation with a finite number of possibilities. A complete description of these steps could enhance the reproducibility of retrospective studies.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Voter Ensemble Technique (VET)
Authors:   1Department of Computer Science, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria 2Department of Computer Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria 3Department of Computer Science, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso Nigeria, Adepegba O. A , Akinboro S.A , Olabiyisi, S.O. , Lala O.G. , Onamade A.A. , Aroyehun A.A 
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes to design a majority vote ensemble classifier for accurate detection of credit card frauds. There is a lack of research studies on analyzing real-world credit card data owing to the issues of confidentiality, some features were hidden. Credit Card Fraud Dataset from kaggle.com was used for this study. The dataset is made up of 284,807 the number of legitimate transactions was found to be 284,315 while the number of fraudulent transactions was found to be 492, this shows that dataset is highly imbalanced, skewed data set like this may lead to an unreliable prediction performance, which is a major classification problem. Hence this study review literatures on methods of addressing the problem imbalance in dataset, and profile a methods of using the Voter Ensemble approach to address the classification problem. The real-world credit card dataset is analyzed to check for missing values and results show that there were no missing or duplicate values in the dataset. In this study, machine learning algorithms are used to detect credit card fraud. The base learners (Logistic regression, Bagging and Naïve Bayes) and the voter ensemble methods are combined. In this experiment, data are splits into 70% training and 30 % testing, the base (learners) classifiers were trained from the training sets, and predictions evaluations were made on data using 10-fold cross-validation. Afterward, the predictions of the learned base classifiers are combined into an ensemble using a stacked generalization strategy. The experimental results positively indicate that the Voter Ensemble method achieves good performances based on Precision, Recall, F1-score and Accuracy rates in detecting fraud cases in credit cards with 95.77%, 99.99%, 97.83%, 99.99% respectively. The result is evaluated and compared with other existing works.	Keywords: Voter Ensemble, Logistic Regression (LR), Naïve Bayse, Bagging, imbalance ratio (IR), CCFD.
The Current State and Future Implications of Environmental, Social, and Governance Assurance
Authors: Bakarich Kathleen M. , Baranek Devon , O’Brien Patrick E. 
Published: August 2022

SUMMARY
This study examines environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reports of companies on The Wall Street Journal’s and Investor’s Business Daily’s top 100 sustainable companies. We collect information on whether the reports are assured, the type of assurance and standards cited, the assurance provider, and whether or not the provider also audits the financial statements. Fifty-eight percent of sample companies voluntarily sought external assurance services for some portion of these reports, with limited assurance primarily provided. Big 4 firms provide assurance for most international companies but assure only 16 percent of U.S. companies. We discuss practical implications and future research areas, including cross-country comparisons, ESG assurance, and standard-setting.
Do Shareholder Ratification Votes Impact Subsequent Audit Outcomes?
Authors: Martin Gregory W. , Rama Dasaratha V. , Raghunandan K. , Tanyi Paul 
Published: August 2022

SUMMARY
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) have justified audit-related disclosure rules by asserting that such information would be relevant for shareholders in auditor ratification voting decisions. The underlying assumption, stated more explicitly by activists and others, is that such voting can influence auditors’ subsequent actions. A recent study by Tanyi, Rama, Raghunandan, and Martin (2020) tests this assumption. Using data from 10,326 auditor ratification votes, Tanyi et al. (2020) find that higher than expected shareholder dissatisfaction of their external auditors is associated with higher audit quality and higher audit fees in the subsequent period. The results suggest that auditors should pro actively engage with audit committees if there is higher than expected shareholder dissatisfaction. Auditors can also expect regulators to use such evidence in future rule proposals by the SEC and PCAOB, given past actions by regulators.
Analisis Potensi Daerah Resapan Air di Kabupaten Pringsewu
Authors: Simanjuntak Dessi Natalya , Rahmadi Eko , Dewi Citra 
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daerah yang berpotensi sebagai daerah resapan air di Kabupaten Pringsewu.Kawasan resapan air sendiri sangat penting bagi Kabupaten Pringsewu untuk menanggulangi banjir maupun kekeringan. Oleh karena hal tersebut, maka perlu melakukan pemetaan denganPemanfaatan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Sedangkan untuk penentuan nilai harkat bobot masing-masing parameter menggunakan metode Analytichal Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penentuan kawasan daerah resapan air menggunakan metode scoring, pembobotan dan overlay dengan menggunakan 5 parameter yaitu tutupan lahan, curah hujan, jenis tanah, kelerengan dan formasi batuan, serta sudah dilakukan validasi di lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa sudah cukup valid atau daerah resapan air dapat diterima. Dengan faktor yang paling berpengaruh yaitu tutupan lahan. Kabupaten Pringsewu masuk termasuk kategori berpotensi sebagai daerah resapan air karena 50% luasannya masuk kedalam tingkat berpotensi sebagai daerah resapan air. Dimana luasan terbesar untuk tingkat berpotensi sebagai daerah resapan air berada di kecamatan Pagelaran Utara yaitu sebesar 17%, sedangkan untuk luasan terkecil pada tingkat berpotensi sebagai daerah resapan air berada di kecamatan Banyumas sebesar 2.3%.
Development of a Simple Empirical Yield Predition Model Based on Dry Matter Production in Sweet Pepper
Authors: Watabe Takafumi , Muramatsu Yukinari , Homma Masaru , Higashide Tadahisa , Ahn Dong-Hyuk 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The development of models for yield prediction in greenhouse sweet peppers may help improve yield and labour productivity. We aimed to monitor the growth and yield of hydroponically grown sweet pepper plants without destructive sampling. First, we constructed a prediction model and validated it in a cultivation experiment. In the developed model, daily node appearance and light use efficiency were predicted from daily mean air temperature and daytime carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. The daily light interception was obtained by non-destructive leaf area estimation. Second, we validated the model through the cultivation experiment. The predicted total dry matter production at 200 days after transplanting (DAT), 1,379 g/m2, fell within the range of the observed value, 1,353 ± 46 g/m2 (mean ± SE). The predicted and observed yields at 200 DAT were 7.90 kg/m2 and 7.73 ± 0.82 kg/m2, respectively. We approximately predicted node appearance, total dry matter production, and fruit yield, while partially succeeding in predicting leaf area index and dry matter partitioning to fruit. Our non-destructive prediction model can be an effective tool for growers and to improve the yield of sweet pepper production.
Changes in the Key Physicochemical Parameters and Selected Trace Elements of Oil Due to Its Use in Hydraulic System of Woodworking Equipment
Authors: Kučera Marián , Hnilicová Michaela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The research presented supported a comprehensive assessment of the condition of real oil samples of the HM quality class and VG 46 viscosity grade as functions of oil usage time in the hydraulic system of two round timber sorting and transport carriages (RSTWI and RSTWII) Baljer & Zembrod intended for handling wood logs by following the degradation and concentration of abrasive metals in the oil. The oil data were collected every Δ = 500 operating hours during one year by off-line monitoring of hydraulic oil. Measured values were compared to the acceptability limits. Multivariate associations were analysed using a principal component analysis (PCA; Statistica 12.0) to describe the patterns of co-variation among the examined traits. Based on the data obtained, it was observed that the oil in RSTWI was more oxidatively stressed in contrast to the oil in RSTWII despite it being subjected to an excessive wear mode.