bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The absolute heat capacity of polymer grafted nanoparticles using fast scanning calorimetry*
Authors: Sakib Nazam , Koh Yung P. , Simon Sindee L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe absolute heat capacity of a matrix‐free polystyrene grafted silica nanocomposite system is investigated using ultrafast Flash differential scanning calorimetry (Flash DSC) and compared to results for a neat polystyrene sample of similar molecular weight. The heat capacity of the polymer in the nanocomposite is 8% lower than that of the neat polystyrene. In addition, the step change in heat capacity at the glass transition Tg is 15% lower, indicating a 2 nm‐thick immobile layer of polymer around the nanoparticles. There is neither an increase in the nanocomposite heat capacity towards that of the neat material nor any additional ∆Cp steps, indicating that the glassy layer around the nanoparticles remains immobile up to 300°C. In addition to the analysis of the absolute heat capacity, the dynamic temperature gradient in the Flash DSC sample increases linearly with increasing rate of measurement, whereas the noise in the heat capacity data increases linearly with the reciprocal of the scanning rate; the optimum rate for measurements lies between 300 and 1000 K/s for the samples studied here and will depend on the sample thickness.
Role of expandable graphite on flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and acid resistance of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide composites
Authors: Liang Shitong , Liu Jichun , Guo Yiming , Luo Jie , Liu Hongyu , Peng Shuge 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, expandable graphite (EG) was introduced to the composite of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide (PP/MH) by melt compounding, fire performance, thermal degradation behavior, and acid resistance of the PP/MH/EG composites were investigated. The results demonstrate that the flame retardant efficiency of MH is very low by itself and there is a noticeable synergism between MH and EG in PP. The addition of proper EG can enhance flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and acid resistance of the PP/MH composite significantly at the same time. Replacing 8.7 wt% MH with 8.7 wt% EG reduces the filling grade needed for V‐0 from 63 wt% MH to 56.5 wt% MH/EG mixture. The presence of EG on the composite surface hinders acid erosion of MH. There is no chemical reaction between MH and EG. Continuous intumescent char can be produced on the composite surface upon combustion, which is responsible for the much‐improved flame retardancy and smoke suppression, regardless of the presence of MH on the surface area.
Kaolin particle films disrupt landing, settling behavior and feeding of Trioza erytrae on lemon plants
Authors: Oliveira Diogo Félix , Benhadi‐Marín Jacinto , Neto Joana , Sanz Lorena , Garzo Elisa , Aguiar Ana , Fereres Alberto , Pereira José Alberto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease of citrus crops. Trioza erytreae is a vector of HLB. Since its introduction in Europe, the insect reached the northern region of Spain and the southern region of Portugal, threatening relevant citrus production areas. Limiting the spread of HLB vectors is mandatory to prevent this disease. In this work, we assessed the effect of kaolin, a white mineral clay, on the landing, settling behavior and feeding behavior of Trioza erytreae on lemon plants.RESULTSAfter kaolin application, the number of plants on which the insect was found was significantly lower than on untreated plants in the laboratory and in the field. Moreover, there were significantly fewer T. erytreae and a shorter duration of phloem‐related events on kaolin‐treated than untreated plants.CONCLUSIONThe use of kaolin could be a suitable and efficient tool for inclusion into integrated pest management programs or organic production to reduce populations of T. erytreae and subsequently limit the spread of HLB in citrus crops. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Vegetable‐derived indole enhances the melanoma‐treating efficacy of chemotherapeutics
Authors: Zhou Bei Bei , Liu Dan , Qian Jia Cheng , Tan Ren Xiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFood‐drug interaction is an important but overlooked issue. For example, little is known concerning whether or not the chemotherapy of cancers is affected by the well‐defined dietary chemicals such as 2‐(indol‐3‐ylmethyl)‐3,3′‐diindolylmethane (LTr1) derived from daily consumed cruciferous vegetables. This work, inspired by the described melanogenesis reduction by certain indoles, presents that LTr1 mitigates the melanogenesis and thus potentiates the in vitro and in vivo anti‐melanoma effectiveness of different chemotherapeutic agents including dacarbazine, vemurafenib, and sorafenib. In B16 melanoma cells, LTr1 was shown to inhibit the melanogenesis by acting towards the regulatory (R) subunit of protein kinase A (PRKAR1a) associated with the phosphorylation of cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB). This allows LTr1 to reduce the expression of melanogenesis‐related enzymes such as tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase‐related protein 1 (TYRP1), and tyrosinase‐related protein 2 (TYRP2). Furthermore, LTr1 was addressed to bind to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and up‐regulate the expression of CYP1A1 encoding cytochrome P450 1A1, leading to the escalation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The increased ROS generation promotes the cysteine‐to‐cystine transformation to inhibit the pheomelanogenesis in melanomas. Collectively, the work identifies LTr1 as a new melanogenesis inhibitor that modulates the PKA/CREB/MITF and AhR/CYP1A1/ROS pathways, thereby providing a new option for (re)sensitizing melanomas to chemotherapeutics.
Event‐triggered control of quasi‐LPV systems with communication delays
Authors: Coutinho Pedro H. S. , Moreira Luciano G. , Palhares Reinaldo M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the dynamic periodic event‐triggered control for local stabilization of nonlinear networked control systems with communication delays. Based on a polytopic quasi‐linear parameter‐varying (quasi‐LPV) model of the nonlinear plant and the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory, a local stability analysis condition is established. Then a constructive co‐design condition is proposed to jointly design the state‐feedback control law and the trigger rule. The local asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop equilibrium point of interest is ensured with a guaranteed region of attraction where trajectories remain inside even in the presence of communication delays. An optimization procedure is proposed to perform the co‐design considering the objectives of enlarging the guaranteed region of attraction and reducing the number of transmissions. Numerical examples indicate a trade‐off between these two objectives. Also, the examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic event‐triggered control co‐design approach over both its static counterpart and periodic time‐triggering mechanisms.
A unified adaptive control approach of nonlinear continuous non‐parameterized systems with asymmetric control gains for trajectory tracking in different domains
Authors: Ding Ya‐Qiong , Li Xiao‐Dong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, for nonlinear continuous non‐parameterized (NCNP) systems, an adaptive iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm, which can adjust the adaptive parameters in both iteration‐domain and time‐domain, is first proposed to track different reference trajectories repetitively over a finite time interval. As the NCNP system is required to asymptotically track reference trajectory in infinite time‐domain, by virtue of partitioning the reference trajectory and system signals with a fixed time interval, the proposed adaptive ILC controller is then extended to handle the asymptotic tracking issue in infinite time‐domain. Therefore, a unified adaptive control approach is practically presented for NCNP systems to track reference trajectories in different domains (the infinite iteration‐domain and the infinite time‐domain). A prominent feature of the unified adaptive control approach is that the unknown control gain matrices in the NCNP systems are assumed to be invertible only. As a result, the general requirement in conventional adaptive control and adaptive ILC that the control gain matrices of plants are real symmetric and positive‐definite (or negative‐definite) is greatly relaxed. In addition, only three adaptive variables are designed for adjusting or updating in the proposed unified adaptive control approach such that the structure of controller is very simple and the memory space for computing is saved.
Synchronization control for multiple Euler–Lagrange systems in leader–follower framework under switching and event‐based communications
Authors: Ngo Van‐Tam , Liu Yen‐Chen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSynchronization control of network robotic systems has attracted numerous researches as the development of applying multi‐robotic systems in manufacturing. Despite the practical issues of networked systems such as dynamic connection and limited bandwidth, most of the previous results have been developed under the assumption that each robot knows the system desired trajectory, the interconnections between robots are fixed, and periodic communications. Thus, in this article, we study the synchronization control for networked robotic systems, modeled by Euler–Lagrange equation, under more general cases such that only a subgroup of the robots knows the desired trajectory and the communication between robots are switched. Particularly, first, we utilize an adaptive distributed observer algorithm for each robot to estimate the system trajectory (or the leader dynamics). Then the observer results are synthesized in the proposed control algorithm to enhance the synchronization of the robots. In addition, an event‐based algorithm is taken into account to reduce communication in case of no switching topology. Simulations with a network of four manipulators show that under the proposed control algorithms the synchronization of follower robots is achieved faster comparing with the relevant results in the literature.
Digital transformation of management and organization theories: A research programme
Authors: Roth Steffen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article draws on the groundwork by George Spencer Brown and Niklas Luhmann to outline a general framework for the digital transformation of management and organization theory. It is shown under which conditions guiding distinctions of these fields may be defined as false or true. The framework is applied to selected examples, thus demonstrating that most guiding distinctions of management and organization theory are false. The article concludes with an outlook briefly expanding on the distinction between an electrification and a digital transformation of management and organization theories.
Chromosome‐scale assembly of the Moringa oleifera Lam. genome uncovers polyploid history and evolution of secondary metabolism pathways through tandem duplication
Authors: Chang Jiyang , Marczuk‐Rojas Juan Pablo , Waterman Carrie , Garcia‐Llanos Armando , Chen Shiyu , Ma Xiao , Hulse‐Kemp Amanda , Van Deynze Allen , Van de Peer Yves , Carretero‐Paulet Lorenzo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe African Orphan Crops Consortium (AOCC) selected the highly nutritious, fast growing and drought tolerant tree crop moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) as one of the first of 101 plant species to have its genome sequenced and a first draft assembly was published in 2019. Given the extensive uses and culture of moringa, often referred to as the multipurpose tree, we generated a significantly improved new version of the genome based on long‐read sequencing into 14 pseudochromosomes equivalent to n = 14 haploid chromosomes. We leveraged this nearly complete version of the moringa genome to investigate main drivers of gene family and genome evolution that may be at the origin of relevant biological innovations including agronomical favorable traits. Our results reveal that moringa has not undergone any additional whole‐genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidy event beyond the gamma WGD shared by all core eudicots. Moringa duplicates retained following that ancient gamma events are also enriched for functions commonly considered as dosage balance sensitive. Furthermore, tandem duplications seem to have played a prominent role in the evolution of specific secondary metabolism pathways including those involved in the biosynthesis of bioactive glucosinolate, flavonoid, and alkaloid compounds as well as of defense response pathways and might, at least partially, explain the outstanding phenotypic plasticity attributed to this species. This study provides a genetic roadmap to guide future breeding programs in moringa, especially those aimed at improving secondary metabolism related traits.
Molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam
Authors: Xiong Luying , Wang Xueting , Wang Yuan , Yu Wei , Zhou Yanzi , Chi Xiaohui , Xiao Tingting , Xiao Yonghong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCeftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI), a combination of ceftazidime and a novel β‐lactamase inhibitor (avibactam) that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the European Union, and the National Regulatory Administration in China. CAZ/AVI is used mainly to treat complicated urinary tract infections and complicated intra‐abdominal infections in adults, as well as to treat patients infected with Carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) susceptible to CAZ/AVI. However, increased clinical application of CAZ/AVI has resulted in the development of resistant strains. Mechanisms of resistance in most of these strains have been attributed to blaKPC mutations, which lead to amino acid substitutions in β‐lactamase and changes in gene expression. Resistance to CAZ/AVI is also associated with reduced expression and loss of outer membrane proteins or overexpression of efflux pumps. In this review, the prevalence of CAZ/AVI‐resistance bacteria, resistance mechanisms, and selection of detection methods of CAZ/AVI are demonstrated, aiming to provide scientific evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of CAZ/AVI resistant strains, and provide guidance for the development of new drugs.This article is categorized under:
Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
On the Potential of Image Similarity Metrics for Comparing Phase Center Corrections
Authors: Kröger Johannes , Kersten Tobias , Breva Yannick , Schön Steffen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For highly precise and accurate positioning and navigation with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), it is mandatory to take phase center corrections (PCC) into account. These corrections are provided by different calibration facilities and methods. Currently, discussions in the framework of the International GNSS Service (IGS) antenna working group (AWG) are ongoing on how to accept new calibration facilities as an official IGS calibration facility.
In this paper, different image similarity measures and their potential for comparing PCC are presented. Currently used comparison strategies are discussed and their performance is illustrated with several geodetic antennas. We show that correlation coefficients are an appropriate measure to compare different sets of PCC since they perform independently of a constant part within the patterns. However, feature detection algorithms like the Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) mostly do not find distinctive structures within the PCC differences due to the smooth character of PCC. Therefore, they are inapplicable for comparing PCC. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of PCC differences (ΔPCC) can be used to analyse which structures ΔPCC are composed of. We show that characteristic structures can be found within ΔPCC. Therefore, the SVD is a promising tool to analyse the impact of PCC differences in the coordinate domain.
Photobook
Authors: Mazzara Manuel , Succi Giancarlo , Tormasov Alexander 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA large number of pictures have been collected over the years. This last chapter is special, and the text is serving pictures and not the other way around. It is a visual journey into the Innopolis development. This chapter has been built on top of the beautiful photo archive of our colleague Timur Tsiunchuk. Sometimes, an image is more informational than one hundred pages.
Balancing Usability and Security of Graphical Passwords
Authors: Lapin Kristina , Šiurkus Manfredas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough most widely used authentication involves characters as passwords, but secure text-based passwords are complex and difficult to remember. Users want to have easy to remember passwords, but these are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks and are predictable. To address these problems, graphical passwords that involve selection of images and drawing lines have been proposed. The encoded images support creation of secure passwords and facilitate their memorability. Thus, they are considered as an alternative to strengthen password security while preserving usability because secure textual passwords become more complicated to use. The research addresses the issue of improving the user experiences during graphical authentication. This paper examines cued recall-based, pure recall-based and recognition-based approaches. The proposed scheme is based on recognition-based scheme that is selected as the least vulnerable to various attacks. The solution is currently under development, two qualitative usability testing sessions are performed and the participants’ feedback is discussed.
Interdisciplinary Research with Older Adults in the Area of ICT: Selected Ethical Considerations and Challenges
Authors: Skorupska Kinga , Makowska Ewa , Jaskulska Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we analyse, classify and discuss some ethical considerations and challenges related to pursuing exploratory and interdisciplinary research projects in the area of ICT, especially those involving older adults. First, we identify spotlight areas, which are especially prominent in these fields. Next, we explore possible pitfalls interdisciplinary researchers may stumble onto when planning, conducting and presenting exploratory research activities. Finally, some of these are selected and discussed more closely, while related open questions are posed.
XR Hackathon Going Online: Lessons Learned from a Case Study with Goethe-Institute
Authors: Kopeć Wiesław , Skorupska Kinga , Jaskulska Anna , Łukasik Michał , Karpowicz Barbara , Paluch Julia , Kwiatkowska Kinga , Jabłoński Daniel , Masłyk Rafał 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article we report a case study of a Language and Culture-oriented transdisciplinary XR hackathon organized with Goethe-Institut. The hackathon was hosted as an online event in November 2020 by our University Lab in collaboration with Goethe-Institut as a follow-up to our previous co-organized event within our research group Living Lab. We have improved the formula of the event based on lessons learned from its previous edition. First, in one of the two hackathon tracks we provided the participants with a custom VR framework, to serve as a starting point for their designs to skip the repetitive early development stage. In cooperation with our partner, Goethe-Institut, we have also outlined best modern research-backed language-learning practices and methods and gathered them into actionable evaluation criteria.
Attitudes Towards Online Social Interactions and Technology in the Offering of Help During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Górska Gabriela , Maciantowicz Oliwia , Pawlak Malgorzata , Wojnarowska Olga 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs the COVID-19 pandemic confined millions across the globe to their homes, technology proved an indispensable tool that allowed humanity to sustain many aspects of everyday life, including social behaviours. In compliance with quarantine restrictions, communities were unable to support each other in the usual manner; simultaneously, the demand for such support grew, owing to the difficult circumstances. This study (N = 196) explores whether technology enabled or hindered this specific type of social interaction – helping others. We discovered that General Online Social Interaction Propensity correlated positively with helping – although it demonstrated stronger correlations with online support. The Technology Adoption Propensity IndexOptimismandProficiencysubscales failed to correlate significantly with helping and onlyVulnerabilitysubscale showed significant correlation. In conclusion, both GOSIP and TAPVulnerabilityare valid predictors of proneness to offer help online. We suggest considering various personality predispositions may help to maximize the effectiveness of online helping.
Deploying Enhanced Speech Feature Decreased Audio Complaints at SVT Play VOD Service
Authors: Bidner Annika , Lindberg Julia , Lindman Olof , Skorupska Kinga 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAt Public Service Broadcaster SVT in Sweden, background music and sounds in programs have for many years been one of the most common complaints from the viewers. The most sensitive group are people with hearing disabilities, but many others also find background sounds annoying. To address this problem SVT has added Enhanced Speech, a feature with lower background noise, to a number of TV programs in VOD service SVT Play. As a result, when the number of programs with the Enhanced Speech feature increased, the level of audio complaints to customer service decreased. The Enhanced Speech feature got the rating 8.3/10 in a survey with 86 participants. The rating for possible future usage was 9.0/10. In this article we describe this feature’s design and development process, as well as its technical specification, limitations and future development opportunities.
Causal Inference - Time Series
Authors: Asesh Aishwarya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDetecting causation in observational data is a difficult task. Identifying the causative direction, coupling delay, and causal chain linkages from time series may be used to find causal relationships. Three issues must be addressed when inferring causality from time series data: resilience to noisy time series, computing efficiency and seamless causal inference from high-dimensional data. The research aims to provide empirical evidence on the relationship ofMarvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)movies and marvel comic book sales using Fourier Transforms andcross-correlationof two time series data. The first of its kind study, establishes some concrete evidence on whether the trend of declining comic study and increasing movie audience will disrupt in the post COVID world.